bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propioceptores articulares y musculares
Authors: Vega José A. 
Published: August 2020

La función de los mecanorreceptores de las articulaciones y músculos se considera asociada a
la propiocepción. Sin embargo, existen evidencias de que la propiocepción no sólo depende del
morfotipo de mecanorreceptor presente en dichos tejidos sino también de las propiedades de las
neuronas sensitivas primarias y las fibras sensitivas asociadas a ellos, así como de su proyección
sobre el asta posterior de la médula espinal. Este artículo resume las bases morfológicas de la
propiocepción a nivel del sistema nervioso periférico, analizando: a) las neuronas sensitivas
primarias propioceptivas; b) los tipos de fibras nerviosas sensitivas que llegan a los propioceptores;
c) la inervación sensitiva de articulaciones y músculos; d) los morfotipos de mecanorreceptores
asociados a la propiocepción; e) los datos recientes obtenidos a partir de animales deficientes en
factores clave para el desarrollo del sistema propioceptor.
Efecto del contenido del agente de refuerzo en materiales cerámicos compuestos de hidroxiapatitacircona
Authors: Delgado García-Menocal José Angel , Martínez Salvador , Morejón Lizette , Ginebra Molins Maria Pau , Fernández Aguado Enrique , Planell Estany Josep Anton , Clavaguera-Mora M. T. 
Published: August 2020

En este trabajo se estudia el efecto del contenido partículas de circona parcialmente estabilizadas
con magnesia (Mg-PSZ) en el comportamiento mecánico de cerámicas de hidroxiapatita (HA) reforzadas
con circona. Se emplearon cantidades de 10, 20 y 30% (en peso) de circona. Los materiales
fueron obtenidos mediante prensado uniaxial y sinterización en oxígeno húmedo a una temperatura
de 1250°C por 4 horas. La caracterización mediante difracción de rayos X y espectroscopía infrarroja
reveló que la hidroxiapatita fue la única fase fosfato cálcica. Los mejores valores de densidad relativa
y de resistencia mecánica (tenacidad a la fractura y resistencia a la flexión en tres puntos) se
alcanzaron para un contenido de 20% en peso de Mg-PSZ. El estudio fractográfico permitió afirmar
que un 10% de circona resulta insuficiente para mejorar significativamente la resistencia mecánica
del material compuesto mientras que un 30% inhibe la correcta sinterización de la matriz de
hidroxiapatita.
Caracterización de recubrimientos de hidroxiapatita depositadas sobre la aleación Ti6Al7Nb a través de aspersión térmica a plasma
Authors: Carvalho Zavaglia Cecília Amelia , Silva R. F. , Santos S. A , Pelliciari de Lima Carmo Roberto 
Published: August 2020

Hydroxyapatite (HA) coated onto titanium alloys by atmospheric plasma-arc spraying is a promising
technique for improving biocompatibility of materials. The tissue adherence to the HA coating
increases when compared to the provided by the natural environment of the human body.
Hidroxyapatite coating applied to a Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy substrate by plasma spray was characterized
morphologically via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction. X-Ray diffraction
results of the HA layer indicated the presence of crystalline HA, amorphous phase and another
constituents, like tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and calcium oxide. However, after annealing at a
temperature of 600oC there was recristalisation of the amorphous phase and transformation of some
of the TCP to HA. SEM results revealed a lamellar morphology which is typical of plasma sprayed
surfaces. The HA/alloy interface exhibited some irregularities, however these are not present in the
majority of the interfacial area.
Pretensado y comportamiento mecánico del pericardio de ternera utilizado en la construcción de bioprótesis cardíacas
Authors: Carrera A. , García Pérez J.M. , Jorge Herrero E. , García Sestafé José Vicente , Millán I.J , Cordón A. , Martín Maestro M. , Calero P. , Téllez G. , Castillo Olivares J.L. 
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo analiza las propiedades mecánicas de un tejido biológico, pericardio de bovino
empleado como biomaterial en la fabricación de bioprótesis cardíacas. Para ello se sometió
pericardio de ternera a un estrés de tracción, uniaxial, en escalones de carga, con retirada de dicha
carga tras cada escalón. Los escalones de carga fueron de aproximadamente 2,3 y 8 MPa sucesivamente,
continuándose finalmente el ensayo hasta la rotura. Se ensayaron 32 muestras, 16 tratadas
con glutaraldehído como grupo de control y 16 tratadas con cloroformo/metanol. La resistencia
media a rotura estuvo entre 19.14 MPa y 32.60 MPa sin encontrar diferencias estadísticamente
significativas en la comparación de las series ensayadas. Se estudio también el estrés remanente
tras cada escalón de carga, siendo este constante en su valor para cada ensayo. Para un valor
medio de estrés inicial de 2.14 MPa, el estrés remanente medio fue de 0.36 MPa (16.82 % del estrés
inicial) muy similar al estrés máximo de trabajo descrito para un velo valvular. La aplicación de un
estrés progresivo produce una disminución de la deformación con pérdida de la elasticidad ,pero
un comportamiento mas homogéneo del pericardio. Este hallazgo no se afectó, por la región de
pericardio de donde se obtuvo la muestra o por tratamiento químico recibido. Estos ensayos permiten,
mediante una recta de regresión Xi=f(Ymax.),conocer la deformación (Xi) que puede sufrir el
pericardio de ternera, tras un estrés de pretensado previo (Ymax.), cuando posteriormente se le
somete a un estrés.
Some ideas about electrochemical characterization of dental alloys
Authors: Peláez Ernesto , Dieter Muller Wolf , Valdés Maura 
Published: August 2020

Extensions and modifications of standard electrochemical techniques, accounting for unique
conditions related to biological considerations, have proved useful in attacking some problems
related to biocompatibility of the Biomaterial. Some authors have demonstrated that modern
electrochemical techniques can be used to clarify some difficult problems in the field of biomaterials.
Precious alloys can not be apply for all cases especially such as long range bridges or prostheses.
For this reason, Ni-Cr as well as Co-Cr casting alloys have been used for dental application as
alternatives to precious alloys. The biocompatibility of Ni-Cr alloys have been questioned because
of their corrosive, allergenic, and even mutagenic potentials.
The nature of passive films on metals and alloys is the ultimate factor which controls their
corrosion behavior. There is little reliable information on the effects of the physical and chemical
factors involved in the tissue response to an implant and the associated ionic release on the cellmaterial
interaction.
Depending of the casting process during the production of a dental prosthesis, these alloys may
show different phases, ones may be more stable than other. For this reason, the development of a
quick and simple method for determining the corrosion behavior as a control test in the production
Biomecánica, 9 (1), 2001, pp. 66-70
67
of a dental prosthesis is of great interest.
The purpose of this work was to show some results on the corrosion behavior of two different
commercial alloys: Wiron 99 ( Ni-Cr alloy) and Aurolloyd kf (Au alloy). These results were obtained
by several electrochemical methods: Open Circuit Potential vs time and Liner Sweep Voltammetry
for Wiron 99, and Open Circuit Potential vs time and Cyclic Voltammetry for Aurolloyd kf. In the
case of the Ni-Cr alloys, it is concluded that with the combination of both methods, it is possible to
know how the corrosion behavior of casting individual dental Ni-Cr alloy prosthesis is, and in the
case of Au alloy, it is concluded that the differences in electrochemical behavior strongly depend of
surface oxides formed. These results showed that one of the studied combination, Eoc-Rp or Eoc-CV
characterization, could be selected as control test after casting of individual prosthesis.
Classification of genomic components and prediction of genes of Begomovirus based on subsequence natural vector and support vector machine
Authors: Pei Shaojun , Dong Rui , Bao Yiming , He Rong Lucy , Yau Stephen S.-T. 
Published: August 2020

Background
Begomoviruses are widely distributed and causing devastating diseases in many crops. According to the number of genomic components, a begomovirus is known as either monopartite or bipartite begomovirus. Both the monopartite and bipartite begomoviruses have the DNA-A component which encodes all essential proteins for virus functions, while the bipartite begomoviruses still contain the DNA-B component. The satellite molecules, known as betasatellites, alphasatellites or deltasatellites, sometimes exist in the begomoviruses. So, the genomic components of begomoviruses are complex and varied. Different genomic components have different gene structures and functions. Classifying the components of begomoviruses is important for studying the virus origin and pathogenic mechanism.

Methods
We propose a model combining Subsequence Natural Vector (SNV) method with Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm, to classify the genomic components of begomoviruses and predict the genes of begomoviruses. First, the genome sequence is represented as a vector numerically by the SNV method. Then SVM is applied on the datasets to build the classification model. At last, recursive feature elimination (RFE) is used to select essential features of the subsequence natural vectors based on the importance of features.

Results
In the investigation, DNA-A, DNA-B, and different satellite DNAs are selected to build the model. To evaluate our model, the homology-based method BLAST and two machine learning algorithms Random Forest and Naive Bayes method are used to compare with our model. According to the results, our classification model can classify DNA-A, DNA-B, and different satellites with high accuracy. Especially, we can distinguish whether a DNA-A component is from a monopartite or a bipartite begomovirus. Then, based on the results of classification, we can also predict the genes of different genomic components. According to the selected features, we find that the content of four nucleotides in the second and tenth segments (approximately 150-350 bp and 1,450–1,650 bp) are the most different between DNA-A components of monopartite and bipartite begomoviruses, which may be related to the pre-coat protein (AV2) and the transcriptional activator protein (AC2) genes. Our results advance the understanding of the unique structures of the genomic components of begomoviruses.
Essential Oil Compositions of Aframomum danielli Seed (Ataiko)
Authors: Emmanuel Peters Dikioye , Okerenta Blessing Minaopunye Onyegeme- , Sarah Kojo, 
Published: August 2020

Background: Differentiation in oil quality and the volatile component of essential oils (EOs) is associated with climatic conditions, the geographical location of collection sites and other ecological and genetic factors defining its chemotypes.
Objective: Hence this study was aimed at characterizing volatile constituents of Aframomum danielli seed collected in Choba, Port Harcourt in Rivers State, South-South region of Nigeria.
Methods: Essential oils (EOs) were analyzed using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID).
Results: A total of forty-two EO (99.96%) constituents were identified, monoterpenes were 32 (99.93%) and sesquiterpenes: 10 (0.03%) No oxygenated sesquiterpenes were detected. Oxygenated monoterpene was higher consisting of 18 EO compounds; 66.94% while monoterpene hydrocarbons comprised of 14 EO compounds; 32.99%. Chemical constituents in the EO include: 1,8- cineole (50.95%), β-pinene (11.79%) –terpineol (9.15%), γ –terpinene (7.45%), Sabinene (6.03%), - pinene (3.41%), α –terpinenly acetate (3.38%), terpinene-4-of(2.44%) and α-thujene (2.11%).
Conclusion: Aframomum danielli from this geographical location could serve as a rich source of 1,8- cineole.
A Socio-demographic Comparison of Malnutrition and Malaria Prevalence among Primary School Children in Gombe State Nigeria
Authors: Danjin Mela , Adewoye Solomon O. , Sawyerr Henry O. 
Published: August 2020

Background: Despite the complex nature of inter-relationship between malnutrition and malaria, there has been continued emphasis and need to further re-examine the twin issues side-by-side with a view to forging an integrated public health care strategy.
Objective: This study aimed to make comparison and possibly add to the increasing body of evidence on the relationship between malnutrition and malaria among apparently healthy primary school children in Gombe state, Nigeria.
Methodology: Between the months of March and June 2019, a total of 745 school children aged 6 to 15 years were studied using a cross sectional design. Selection of the children was done by means of a multi-stage sampling technique, from 12 public and 6 private schools in 6 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the state. Levels of malnutrition among the subjects were measured using three anthropometric indices, namely; stunting (Height-for-age Z-scores, HAZ), underweight (Weight-for-age Z-scores, WAZ) and wasting (Weight-for-height Z-score, WHZ); while screening for malaria infection was done using rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits. The WHO AnthroPlus and IBM SPSS version 21 statistical software packages were used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics was employed to summarize research findings, while chi square statistics was used to compare proportions at 0.05 alpha significance level.
Results: About half (50.9%) of the subjects were boys while girls constitutes the rest 49.1%. The overall prevalence of stunting was 22.5% (19.6 - 25.6), underweight 20.9% (18.1 - 23.9), and wasting, 16.8% (13.7 - 20.4). Furthermore, malaria infection prevalence among the subjects was 13.6%. Age group and sex were found to be significantly associated with malnutrition (underweight or stunting or both) but they weren’t with malaria. On the other hand, while place of residence and level of education were significantly associated with malaria, they were not associated with malnutrition. Overall, both malnutrition and malaria were found to be significantly associated with type of school, senatorial district, tribe, religion, occupation of father, occupation of mother and level of education of mother. On the whole, malnutrition and malaria were significantly associated.
Conclusion: In light of the above epidemiological pattern of distribution and associations between the two public health problems, the design of intervention programmes should integrate approaches targeted at the two issues among primary school children.
Self-Medication Practice among Amman’s Householders: Prevalence and Factors
Authors: Shehade Salah A. Al , Zarzour Raghdaa H. Al , Alshehadeh Abdul Razzak , Bal’awi Derar , Hamade Salem 
Published: August 2020

Aims: This study is set out to explore the prevalence and the influencing factors of self-medication practice, besides, to assess the knowledge levels of Amman’s householders.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using pre-tested questionnaires. The householders (n=601) were randomly selected from two disparate regions in Amman (West and East), which reflect different segments of the society.
Results: Self-medication was practised by more than half (53.1%) of Amman’s Householders. The East of Amman householders shows a relatively lower rate (49.7%) of self-medication than the West of Amman ones (56.5%), which can be attributed to the higher ability to pay for medicines and a higher level of knowledge among West residents that might allow them to go directly to the pharmacies without consulting a physician. The relatively severe illness (e.g. respiratory diseases and eye complaints) showed the lowest influence for self-medication, which indicates a good level of awareness about the importance of consulting the health care professionals. Furthermore, the two main reasons for self-medication were experiencing a good result from previous self-medication (87.8%) and saving time (84.6%). The self-medication practice was associated with the education level and the knowledge level; the knowledge level of West of Amman residents was correlated positively with the self-medication practice prevalence; nevertheless, East ones presented a less notable pattern.
Conclusion: There is a knowledge gap regarding the proper SM practice, the health professionals must effectively educate the patients regarding the responsible self-medication practice and thus limit the adverse outcomes.
Comparision of CT Colonoscopy and Conventional Colonoscopy in Evaluation of Colorectal Malignancies
Authors: Jefferson Beno , Venkatraman I. , Prabakaran M. 
Published: August 2020

CT colonoscopy is one of the recent advances in the field of Computed tomography with various post processing techniques. The aim of work is to evaluate and compare the role of CT colonoscopy and conventional colonoscopy in diagnosing and characterizing the colorectal malignancies.
Subject and Methods: Our study included 50 patients with lower GI sypmtoms; 6 of them had colorectal malignancies. They ranged in age from 28 to 60 years. All patients were subjected to CT colonoscopy examination and results were compared to conventional colonoscopy and documented by histopathology in all cases.
Results: The results in our study showed that CT colonoscopy has equal sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing colorectal malignancies when compared to conventional colonoscopy and further helps in delineating the locoregional extent of the lesion.
Encounters and conversations: an office café space as a “magnet space”
Authors: Satoh Tai , Sano Tomonori 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA study was conducted on the activities of office workers at a café space with a lounge in a free‐address office to investigate communication at a “magnet space.” The major results were as follows: (i) The encounter probability between two office workers at the magnet space could be estimated by a formula based on Little's law, which considers the frequency of use as well as the mean and standard deviation of the stay time. Analyzing more data for the estimated formula of the encounter rate, which is suggested in this study, can confirm more thoroughly the actual situation of an encounter and conversation in the magnet space of the office. (ii) Installing a lounge‐like workspace adjacent to the café space increased the encounter probability between workers at the café space.
Adaptive control of feedforward nonlinear systems with uncertain time‐varying parameters and an unknown time‐varying delay in the input
Authors: Oh Sang‐Young , Choi Ho‐Lim 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn this paper, we consider a global regulation problem for a class of feedforward nonlinear systems. The key features of our considered system are identified by the presence of uncertain time‐varying parameters associated with main diagonal states and input and an unknown time‐varying delay in the input. Moreover, the growth rates of nonlinearity and the input‐delay are only known to be finite. To solve our considered problem, we give a process to obtain a compact set that contains the allowed time‐varying parameters. Then, we propose an adaptive controller which handles both unknown growth rate of nonlinearity and input‐delay for system regulation. We carry out the rigorous system analysis and show the effectiveness of our proposed control scheme via an application example.
Intercalation of Metal Ions into Ti3C2Tx MXene Electrodes for High‐Areal‐Capacitance Microsupercapacitors with Neutral Multivalent Electrolytes
Authors: Li Shuo , Shi Qi , Li Yang , Yang Jie , Chang Ting‐Hsiang , Jiang Jianwen , Chen Po‐Yen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMicrosupercapacitors (MSCs) with neutral multivalent electrolytes are safer, cheaper, and exhibit higher theoretical energy densities compared with the MSCs with acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Multivalent charge carriers (e.g., Mg2+, Zn2+) in the MSCs with Ti3C2Tx MXene electrodes have not been demonstrated, which could theoretically achieve higher specific capacitances and energy densities. However, because of the larger size of multivalent charge carriers, the MXene electrodes require further modifications to facilitate reversible electrochemical reactions. Herein, through spontaneous intercalation of various metal ions into MXene multilayers, twelve metal ion intercalated MXene electrodes (Mn+‐MXene) are fabricated and demonstrate improved electrochemical performance. Different nanopillar effects are observed between divalent Be2+ and trivalent Al3+ intercalants, which are systematically investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation. Among all Mn+‐MXene electrodes, the Be2+‐MXene electrode largely facilitates the charge‐transfer process with minimal disturbance of electrolyte diffusion rates, showing improved specific capacitances and high rate performance in univalent (Li2SO4, Na2SO4, K2SO4) and multivalent electrolytes (BeSO4, MgSO4, ZnSO4). Finally, flexible Be2+‐MXene MSCs with neural ZnSO4 gel electrolytes are fabricated, demonstrating superior areal capacitances (77.2 mF cm−2) and high energy density (3.86 μWh cm−2 at 0.12 mW cm−2) together with high user safety.
Neural Progenitor Cells Alter Chromatin Organization and Neurotrophin Expression in Response to 3D Matrix Degradability
Authors: Madl Christopher M. , LeSavage Bauer L. , Khariton Margarita , Heilshorn Sarah C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNeural progenitor cells (NPCs) are promising therapeutic candidates for nervous system regeneration. Significant efforts focus on developing hydrogel‐based approaches to facilitate the clinical translation of NPCs, from scalable platforms for stem cell production to injectable carriers for cell transplantation. However, fundamental questions surrounding NPC‐hydrogel interactions remain unanswered. While matrix degradability is known to regulate the stemness and differentiation capacity of NPCs, how degradability impacts NPC epigenetic regulation and secretory phenotype remains unknown. To address this question, NPCs encapsulated in recombinant protein hydrogels with tunable degradability are assayed for changes in chromatin organization and neurotrophin expression. In high degradability gels, NPCs maintain expression of stem cell factors, proliferate, and have large nuclei with elevated levels of the stemness‐associated activating histone mark H3K4me3. In contrast, NPCs in low degradability gels exhibit more compact, rounded nuclei with peripherally localized heterochromatin, are non‐proliferative yet non‐senescent, and maintain expression of neurotrophic factors with potential therapeutic relevance. This work suggests that tuning matrix degradability may be useful to direct NPCs toward either a more‐proliferative, stem‐like phenotype for cell replacement therapies, or a more quiescent‐like, pro‐secretory phenotype for soluble factor‐mediated therapies.
Devising Materials Manufacturing Toward Lab‐to‐Fab Translation of Flexible Electronics
Authors: Luo Yifei , Wang Ming , Wan Changjin , Cai Pingqiang , Loh Xian Jun , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFlexible electronics have witnessed exciting progress in academia over the past decade, but most of the research outcomes have yet to be translated into products or gain much market share. For mass production and commercialization, industrial adoption of newly developed functional materials and fabrication techniques is a prerequisite. However, due to the disparate features of academic laboratories and industrial plants, translating materials and manufacturing technologies from labs to fabs is notoriously difficult. Therefore, herein, key challenges in the materials manufacturing of flexible electronics are identified and discussed for its lab‐to‐fab translation, along the four stages in product manufacturing: design, materials supply, processing, and integration. Perspectives on industry‐oriented strategies to overcome some of these obstacles are also proposed. Priorities for action are outlined, including standardization, iteration between basic and applied research, and adoption of smart manufacturing. With concerted efforts from academia and industry, flexible electronics will bring a bigger impact to society as promised.