bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correcting the imbalanced protective RAS in COVID-19 with angiotensin AT2-receptor agonists
Authors: Steckelings U. Muscha , Sumners Colin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is responsible for the global corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic enters host cells via a mechanism that includes binding to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) 2 (ACE2). Membrane-bound ACE2 is depleted as a result of this entry mechanism. The consequence is that the protective renin–angiotensin system (RAS), of which ACE2 is an essential component, is compromised through lack of production of the protective peptides angiotensin-(1-7) and angiotensin-(1-9), and therefore decreased stimulation of Mas (receptor Mas) and angiotensin AT2-receptors (AT2Rs), while angiotensin AT1-receptors (AT1Rs) are overstimulated due to less degradation of angiotensin II (Ang II) by ACE2. The protective RAS has numerous beneficial actions, including anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulative, anti-fibrotic effects along with endothelial and neural protection; opposite to the deleterious effects caused by heightened stimulation of angiotensin AT1R. Given that patients with severe COVID-19 exhibit an excessive immune response, endothelial dysfunction, increased clotting, thromboses and stroke, enhancing the activity of the protective RAS is likely beneficial. In this article, we discuss the evidence for a dysfunctional protective RAS in COVID and develop a rationale that the protective RAS imbalance in COVID-19 may be corrected by using AT2R agonists. We further review preclinical studies with AT2R agonists which suggest that AT2R stimulation may be therapeutically effective to treat COVID-19-induced disorders of various organ systems such as lung, vasculature, or the brain. Finally, we provide information on the design of a clinical trial in which patients with COVID-19 were treated with the AT2R agonist Compound 21 (C21). This trial has been completed, but results have not yet been reported.
Have a heart: failure to increase GLP-1 caused by heart failure increases the risk of diabetes
Authors: Ryan Michael J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Incretins represent a group of gut-derived peptide hormones that, at physiological concentrations, potentiate the release of insulin. Work leading to the discovery of incretins began as early as the late 1800s where scientists, including Claude Bernard who is widely considered the father of modern physiology (Rehfeld, J.F. The Origin and Understanding of the Incretin Concept. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne) (2018) 9, 387; Robin, E.D. Claude Bernard. Pioneer of regulatory biology. JAMA (1979) 242, 1283–1284), attempted to understand the pancreas as an important organ in the development of diabetes mellitus and blood glucose control. After the seminal work of Paulescu and Banting and Best in the early 1920s that led to the discovery of insulin (Murray I. Paulesco and the isolation of insulin. J. Hist. Med. Allied Sci. (1971) 26, 150–157; Raju T.N. The Nobel Chronicles. 1923: Frederick G. Banting (1891–1941), John J.R. Macleod (1876–1935). Lancet (1998) 352, 1482), attention was turned toward understanding gastrointestinal factors that might regulate insulin secretion. A series of experiments by Jean La Barre showed that a specific fraction of intestinal extract caused a reduction in blood glucose. La Barre posited that the fraction’s glucose lowering actions occurred by increasing insulin release, after which he coined the term ‘incretin’. In the 1970s, the first incretin was purified, glucose insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) (Gupta K. and Raja A. Physiology, Gastric Inhibitory Peptide StatPearls Treasure Island (FL); 2020), followed by the discovery of a second incretin in the 1980s, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Interest and understanding of the incretins, has grown since that time.
A survey on the development status and application prospects of knowledge graph in smart grids
Authors: Wang Jian , Wang Xi , Ma Chaoqun , Kou Lei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith the advent of the electric power big data era, semantic interoperability and interconnection of power data have received extensive attention. Knowledge graph technology is a new method describing the complex relationships between concepts and entities in the objective world, which is widely concerned because of its robust knowledge inference ability. Especially with the proliferation of measurement devices and exponential growth of electric power data empowers, electric power knowledge graph provides new opportunities to solve the contradictions between the massive power resources and the continuously increasing demands for intelligent applications. In an attempt to fulfil the potential of knowledge graph and deal with the various challenges faced, as well as to obtain insights to achieve business applications of smart grids, this work first presents a holistic study of knowledge‐driven intelligent application integration. Specifically, a detailed overview of electric power knowledge mining is provided. Then, the overview of the knowledge graph in smart grids is introduced. Moreover, the architecture of the big knowledge graph platform for smart grids and critical technologies are described. Furthermore, this paper comprehensively elaborates on the application prospects leveraged by knowledge graph oriented to smart grids, power consumer service, decision‐making in dispatching, and operation and maintenance of power equipment. Finally, issues and challenges are summarised.
Electrochemically produced battery‐type Ni(OH)2/Ni3Si electrodes
Authors: Cui Kai , Zhao Zhilong , Liu Wenbin 
Published: December 2020

The fabrication, by an electrochemical process, of a new battery‐type electrode material, is presented. Such materials are fabricated by direct current electrodeposition of Ni(OH)2 on lamellar Ni3Si. Microstructure and morphology of Ni(OH)2/Ni3Si electrodes were characterised. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge results revealed that they are battery‐type electrodes. Increasing deposition time or decreasing discharge current can significantly increase the areal capacity. The areal capacity of Ni(OH)2/Ni3Si‐20 with a discharge current of 20 mA is only 2.8% of that with 1 mA. However, the increasing deposition time will reduce the cyclic stability of the electrodes. The initial areal capacity of Ni(OH)2/Ni3Si‐20 is twice that of Ni(OH)2/Ni3Si‐10 with a discharge current of 10 mA, but after 1000 cycles, it can only maintain 59.3% of the initial value. This Letter is expected to provide a powerful reference and guidance for the preparation of electrodes with large areal capacity and cycle stability.
GaiaEarly Data Release 3
Authors: Fabricius C. , Luri X. , Arenou F. , Babusiaux C. , Helmi A. , Muraveva T. , Reylé C. , Spoto F. , Vallenari A. , Antoja T. , Balbinot E. , Barache C. , Bauchet N. , Bragaglia A. , Busonero D. , Cantat-Gaudin T. , Carrasco J. M. , Diakité S. , Fabrizio M. , Figueras F. , Garcia-Gutierrez A. , Garofalo A. , Jordi C. , Kervella P. , Khanna S. , Leclerc N. , Licata E. , Lambert S. , Marrese P. M. , Masip A. , Ramos P. , Robichon N. , Robin A. C. , Romero-Gómez M. , Rubele S. , Weiler M. 
Published: December 2020

Context.The thirdGaiadata release is published in two stages. The early part,GaiaEDR3, gives very precise astrometric and photometric properties for nearly two billion sources together with seven million radial velocities fromGaiaDR2. The full release,GaiaDR3, will add radial velocities, spectra, light curves, and astrophysical parameters for a large subset of the sources, as well as orbits for solar system objects.Aims.Before the publication of the catalogue, many different data items have undergone dedicated validation processes. The goal of this paper is to describe the validation results in terms of completeness, accuracy, and precision for theGaiaEDR3 data and to provide recommendations for the use of the catalogue data.Methods.The validation processes include a systematic analysis of the catalogue contents to detect anomalies, either individual errors or statistical properties, using statistical analysis and comparisons to the previous release as well as to external data and to models.Results.GaiaEDR3 represents a major step forward, compared toGaiaDR2, in terms of precision, accuracy, and completeness for both astrometry and photometry. We provide recommendations for dealing with issues related to the parallax zero point, negative parallaxes, photometry for faint sources, and the quality indicators.
Pelvic Lymphadenectomy in Vulvar Cancer – Does it make sense?
Authors: Woelber Linn , Bommert Mareike , Prieske Katharina , Fischer Inger , zu Eulenburg Christine , Vettorazzi Eik , Harter Philipp , Jueckstock Julia , Hilpert Felix , de Gregorio Niko , Iborra Severine , Sehouli Jalid , Ignatov Atanas , Hillemanns Peter , Fuerst Sophie , Strauss Hans-Georg , Baumann Klaus , Beckmann Matthias , Mustea Alexander , Meier Werner , Wimberger Pauline , Hanker Lars , Canzler Ulrich , Fehm Tanja , Luyten Alexander , Hellriegel Martin , Kosse Jens , Heiss Christoph , Hantschmann Peer , Mallmann Peter , Tanner Berno , Pfisterer Jacobus , Mahner Sven , Schmalfeldt Barbara , Jaeger Anna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSince the publication of the updated German guideline in 2015, the recommendations for performing pelvic lymphadenectomy (LAE) in patients with vulvar cancer (VSCC) have changed considerably. The guideline recommends surgical lymph node staging in all patients with a higher risk of pelvic lymph node involvement. However, the current data do not allow the population at risk to be clearly defined, therefore, the indication for pelvic lymphadenectomy is still not clear. There are currently two published German patient populations who had pelvic LAE which can be used to investigate both the prognostic effect of histologically verified pelvic lymph node metastasis and the relation between inguinal and pelvic lymph node involvement. A total of 1618 patients with primary FIGO stage ≥ IB VSCC were included in the multicenter AGO CaRE-1 study (1998 – 2008), 70 of whom underwent pelvic LAE. During a retrospective single-center evaluation carried out at the University Medical
Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), a total of 514 patients with primary VSCC treated between 1996 – 2018 were evaluated, 21 of whom underwent pelvic LAE. In both cohorts, around 80% of the patients who underwent pelvic LAE were inguinally node-positive, with a median number of three affected groin lymph nodes. There were no cases of pelvic lymph node metastasis without inguinal lymph node metastasis in either of the two cohorts. Between 33 – 35% of the inguinal node-positive patients also had pelvic lymph node metastasis; the median number of affected groin lymph nodes in these patients was high (> 4), and the maximum median diameter of the largest inguinal metastasis was > 40 mm in both cohorts. Pelvic lymph node staging and pelvic radiotherapy is therefore probably not necessary for the majority of node-positive patients with VSCC, as the relevant risk of pelvic lymph node involvement was primarily found in node-positive patients with high-grade disease. More,
ideally prospective data collections are necessary to validate the relation between inguinal and pelvic lymph node involvement.
Vitamin A (Retinol): Stiefkind der Ernährungsmedizin
Authors: Gröber Uwe 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungWer kennt es nicht, das Bild der Karotte – symbolisch für die wichtige Vitamin-A-Zufuhr. Vitamin A spielt vor allem bei der Entwicklung des Gehirns und der Sehfähigkeit eine zentrale Rolle. Leider existiert auch in der heutigen Zeit immer noch das Problem, dass die Empfehlungen für eine bedarfsgerechte Vitamin-A-Zufuhr über die Ernährung nicht erreicht werden – mindestens 25 % der Bevölkerung leiden unter Vitamin-A-Mangel. Zu den Risikogruppen gehören insbesondere Kleinkinder, Schwangere und Stillende. Der Mangel kann zu erheblichen Beeinträchtigungen und Erkrankungen führen. Mittlerweile zeigen aktuelle Daten, dass die Bildung von Vitamin A aus Carotinoiden jedoch überschätzt wurde, d. h. die Fachgesellschaften sollten ihre Empfehlungen anpassen. Des Weiteren geht der Beitrag auf Vitamin A als Behandlungsoption bei COVID-19 ein.
Die Lebenszeitprävalenz von Schuldgefühlen in der deutschen Erwachsenenbevölkerung – Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten telefonischen Bevölkerungsbefragung
Authors: Luck Tobias , Luck-Sikorski Claudia 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Bestimmung der Lebenszeitprävalenz von Schuldgefühlen in der deutschen Erwachsenenbevölkerung basierend auf den Daten einer bundesweiten telefonischen Bevölkerungsbefragung (n = 1003; 18+ Jahre; Mai–Juni 2019).
Methodik Berechnung gewichteter Prävalenzraten mit Konfidenzintervallen (95 %-KI) und Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs mit Kofaktoren anhand multivariabler logistischer Regressionsanalysen.
Ergebnisse Die ermittelte Lebenszeitprävalenz empfundener Schuldgefühle beträgt 68,5 % (95 %-KI = 65,6–71,3). Jüngeres Alter, höhere Bildung und aktuelle depressive Symptomatik waren mit höheren Prävalenzraten assoziiert. Kein Zusammenhang zeigte sich für Geschlecht und majore Depression.
Schlussfolgerung Ein substanzieller Anteil der deutschen Erwachsenenbevölkerung hat schon einmal Schuldgefühle empfunden. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf besteht v. a. zu der Frage, inwieweit Schuldgefühle zu einem erhöhten Depressionsrisiko beitragen und nicht nur als Kriterium für die Störung anzusehen sind.
Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz nach psychischer Erkrankung – Ein Scoping Review
Authors: Blank Daniela , Brieger Peter , Hamann Johannes 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Erwerbstätige mit einer psychischen Erkrankung haben nach einer psychischen Krise oft massive Schwierigkeiten, ihre Arbeit wiederaufzunehmen. Ziel des Reviews ist, einen internationalen Überblick über Return-to-Work (RTW)-Interventionen zu geben.
Methode Es wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse 88 Artikel wurden gesichtet und 29 Studien eingeschlossen. Die untersuchten RTW-Interventionen setzen an 3 Punkten an: 1) Individuum, 2) Arbeitsumfeld und 3) Versorgungsstruktur. Für den überwiegenden Teil zeigt sich, dass die Maßnahmen eine positive Wirkung erzielen.
Schlussfolgerungen Obgleich nicht alle Interventionen auf den deutschen Kontext übertragen werden können, so geben sie wichtige Hinweise, wie ein Unterstützungsangebot an der Schnittstelle zwischen Gesundheitssystem und Arbeit gestaltet werden kann.
Straightforward Synthesis of Succinimide-Fused Pyrrolizidines by A Three-Component Reaction of α-Diketone, Amino Acid, and Maleimide
Authors: Zhao Hua , Zhai Hongbin , Shen Peng , Guo Yeting , Wei Jian , Zhao Yufen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn efficient, one-pot, three-component [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylide obtained from α-dicarbonyl compounds (cyclic and acyclic diketone or keto ester) and amino acids with maleimides under catalyst-free conditions has been developed. This cascade protocol shows high efficiency and remarkable functional group tolerance, and the ubiquitous succinimide-fused pyrrolizidines with a highly compact and strained scaffold were obtained with high yield and excellent diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, this novel and atom-economical strategy could be performed on a gram scale with comparable reaction efficiency.
Pediatric Malignant Glomus Tumor of the Cervical Paraspinal Tissue: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Ziegler Andrea , Thorpe Eric 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGlomus tumors are mesenchymal tumors that arise from glomus bodies and most frequently occur in the distal extremities. These tumors can occur throughout the body and are typically benign. However, a very small fraction of glomus tumors displays aggressive features and are considered atypical or malignant. We report on our experience and management of the first case in the literature of a malignant glomus tumor in a child originating in the paraspinal region with involvement of the cervical spine. Malignant glomus tumors tend to be locally aggressive, and en bloc resection is difficult, especially when the tumors occur in the head and neck. Additional studies on disease progression and adjuvant treatment outcomes are necessary to determine the best treatment approach and long-term outcomes in patients with malignant glomus tumors.
Diagnosis and Management of a Large Adrenal Myelolipoma
Authors: Ghantous Imad , Saad Melissa Kyriakos , Saber Toufic , Mahfouz Elissa , Matta Imad , Saikaly Elias 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdrenal myelolipoma is a rare condition. Although benign in nature, these tumors can increase in size and cause a mass effect to nearby structures presenting as abdominal distension and pain. In 90% of cases, adrenal myelolipomas are unilateral. However, the real challenge in management is when bilateral adrenal myelolipoma is present. Herein, we present a case of a 51-year-old male Caucasian patient with bilateral adrenal myelolipoma. The patient had a large left adrenal myelolipoma (23 × 13 cm) and a small one on the right (4.4 × 4 cm). We opted for an open left adrenalectomy due to classical features on computed tomography scan and the mass effect of the tumor.
Squandering the territorial capital in the Balkans? Urban megaprojects between global trends and local incentives
Authors: Peric Ana , D’hondt Frank 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThroughout its history, but also squeezed between the current challenges of globalisation and sovereignty, the Balkans has been confronted with a number of different political, economic, environmental, and cultural problems. Such a complex social framework inevitably implies spatial degradation, not only in terms of the urban forms as the final planning product, but also in terms of the nature of the planning process and urban governance. Notably, we assume that territorial capital in the Balkans is under serious threat due to the abuse of legal procedures, the neglect of the public interest and the politicisation of planning. To elucidate this, we focus on the megaprojects Belgrade Waterfront (Belgrade) and Hellinikon (Athens) as examples of urban development that require exceptional conditions such as special regulations, additional funding, long-term timeframes, and ad hoc actor networks. Against the conceptual background of multi-level governance and based on in-depth case studies, we examine the nature of vertical cooperation between authorities at different levels (from supranational to local), horizontal cooperation amongst different stakeholders, and the role of planning professionals who are seen as facilitators in this process. Finally, we point out to the most important conditions that enable a democratic social, political and professional framework for urban megaprojects.
A flexible monolithic integrated silicon low noise amplifier on plastic substrate
Authors: You Zixuan , Liu Hao , Xu Yanmeng , Ma Zhenqiang , Qin Guoxuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Flexible radio frequency (RF) circuits are highly desirable for flexible communication and other miniaturized function modules. However, the prevalent studies on flexible high-speed electronics have mostly focused on individual elements such as transistors, inductors, capacitors and transmission lines. Research on flexible RF monolithic integrated functional circuits is still limited. This letter presents the design of a flexible monolithic integrated silicon RF low noise amplifier (LNA) on plastic substrate. For the LNA, a flexible thin film transistor (TFT) based on a silicon nanomembrane, high-frequency flexible inductors and capacitors are fabricated and modeled. The impedance matching circuit on plastic substrate is analyzed and optimized. The LNA has a gain of ∼11 dB and a noise figure (NF) of ∼4.3 dB at 300 MHz. The influence of the parasitics induced by the flexible impedance matching on the gain and NF is discussed. This study provides useful design guideline for flexible RF monolithic integrated circuits and expands the high frequency applications of flexible electronics.
Enhancement of electrical properties of solution-processed oxide thin film transistors using ZrO2 gate dielectrics deposited by an oxygen-doped solution
Authors: Luo Chunlai , Huang Ting , Li Changhao , Zhang Yan , Zou Zhengmiao , Li Yushan , Tao Ruiqiang , Gao Jinwei , Zhou Guofu , Lu Xubing , Liu Jun-Ming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Solution deposition of high-quality dielectric films is one of the big challenges in achieving excellent electrical performance of bi-layer solution-processed metal oxide (MO) thin film transistors (TFTs). Using an oxygen-doped precursor solution (ODS), we successfully deposited high-quality zirconium oxide (ZrO2) dielectric films by a solution process. The ODS-ZrO2 films show low leakage current density (10−7 A cm−2 at 2 MV cm−1), high breakdown electric field (7.0 MV cm−1) and high permittivity (19.5). Consequently, solution-processed indium oxide (In2O3) TFTs with ODS-ZrO2 film as the gate dielectric show excellent electrical performance, for example high carrier mobility up to 62.02 cm2 V s−1, a large on/off drain current ratio of 3.0 × 106, a small subthreshold swing of 0.14 V and excellent bias stress stability. Our work demonstrates the critical role of the dielectric film in the electrical performance of MO-TFTs. More importantly, we reveal that high dielectric constant (κ) dielectric film deposited with ODS should be an effective way to significantly increase the electrical properties of MO-TFTs for future low-cost, high-performance applications.
Computational compound screening of biomolecules and soft materials by molecular simulations
Authors: Bereau Tristan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Decades of hardware, methodological, and algorithmic development have propelled molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to the forefront of materials-modeling techniques, bridging the gap between electronic-structure theory and continuum methods. The physics-based approach makes MD appropriate to study emergent phenomena, but simultaneously incurs significant computational investment. This topical review explores the use of MD outside the scope of individual systems, but rather considering many compounds. Such an in silico screening approach makes MD amenable to establishing coveted structure-property relationships. We specifically focus on biomolecules and soft materials, characterized by the significant role of entropic contributions and heterogeneous systems and scales. An account of the state of the art for the implementation of an MD-based screening paradigm is described, including automated force-field parametrization, system preparation, and efficient sampling across both conformation and composition. Emphasis is placed on machine-learning methods to enable MD-based screening. The resulting framework enables the generation of compound-property databases and the use of advanced statistical modeling to gather insight. The review further summarizes a number of relevant applications.