bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Full-thickness resection of neuroendocrine tumors in the rectum
Authors: Meier Benjamin , Albrecht Heinz , Wiedbrauck Thomas , Schmidt Arthur , Caca Karel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are subepithelial tumors with potential for malignancy. Depending on tumor characteristics, endoscopic or surgical resection is recommended. However, the optimal endoscopic approach is not defined. This is the first larger study evaluating endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) of rectal NETs.
Methods For resection, the full-thickness resection device (FTRD) was used. A registry was created as part of post-market clinical follow-up. All cases of rectal NETs in the registry were analyzed retrospectively.
Results 31 German centers entered data of 501 FTRD procedures and 40 cases of rectal NETs were identified. The median lesion size was 8 mm. All lesions could be resected using FTRD. The median procedure time was 18.5 minutes. Resection was macroscopically and histologically complete in all cases. Full-thickness resection was achieved in 95 %. No major adverse events occurred. Endoscopic follow-up showed no evidence of residual or recurrent tumor.
Conclusion EFTR is safe and effective for resection of smaller rectal NETs. Prospective comparative trials are needed to define the role of EFTR of rectal NETs.
Experience with Fully Covered Self-Expandable Metal Stents for Esophageal Leakage in Children
Authors: Lange Bettina , Demirakca Süha , Kähler Georg , Weiß Christel , Wessel Lucas , Kubiak Rainer 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background There is a lack of experience with fully covered self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) for the treatment of esophageal leakage particularly in infants and neonates.
Methods Eight patients (5M, 3F) with a median age of 17 months (range, 1–135 months) who underwent treatment with SEMSs for an anastomotic leakage or perforation of the esophagus were recruited to this retrospective study. Four children were born premature. In six patients the stents were placed primarily as an emergency procedure.
Results Median duration of individual stent placement was 42 days (range, 13–72 days). Six out of eight patients (75%) were treated with one stent only. In three preterm infants who had their stents inserted within the first month relative weight gain was 17% compared with 2% in five patients who were treated later in life (p=0.0986). In four cases (50%) distal migration of the stent was observed. Seven out of eight patients (88%) had their leakage resolved after stent therapy.
Conclusions Insertion of fully covered SEMSs is an alternative tool for the treatment of esophageal leakage in children and preterm infants, and successful with only one single application in selected cases. It can be used either following previous therapy or as part of an emergency procedure. Because of the absence of manufactured, age-related devices SEMSs that are originally designed for other organs can be applied.
Zusammenfassung, Replizierbarkeit und methodologische Qualität von Frühmobilisation im Akutkrankenhaus bei Patienten mit Schädel-Hirn-Trauma – Systematische Literaturübersicht
Authors: Knols Ruud H. , Hellweg Stephanie , Häni Nathalie , Manettas Anastasios , Brugger Peter , de Bruin Eling D. 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Implementierung von Frühmobilisation in der Akutversorgung bei Patienten mit Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (SHT) könnte sowohl in Bezug auf die funktionelle Erholung als auch auf die Hospitalisationsdauer von großer Bedeutung sein. Derzeit fehlen hierzu jedoch detaillierte, replizierbare Interventionsbeschreibungen.
Ziel Der Beitrag bietet eine Zusammenfassung der aktuellen Literatur zu Therapieinterventionen der Frühmobilisation einschließlich detaillierter Interventionsbeschreibung mit einer Bewertung der berichteten Interventionsparameter und der methodologischen Qualität der randomisierten klinischen Studien (RCT).
Methode In 5 Datenbanken (Medline-Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library) erfolgte eine systematische Literatursuche. Unabhängig voneinander bewerteten 2 Autoren die berichteten Interventionsparameter mittels Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) Checkliste und überprüften die methodologische Qualität der RCT anhand der Downs-and-Black-Checkliste 1.
Ergebnisse In den Review wurden 2 RCT eingeschlossen 2
3. Die Überprüfung anhand der TIDieR-Checkliste zeigte, dass diese jeweils 6 bzw. 8 von 12 TIDieR-Items beschrieben. Die Informationssammlung bezog sich auf die verwendeten Materialien (Item 3), die Fachexpertise der Behandler (Item 5), den Zeitpunkt und die Häufigkeit der Frühmobilisation (Item 8), den Zeitpunkt einer eventuellen Anpassung (Item 9), die mögliche Modifikation der Intervention (Item 10), die Art der Überprüfung der Adhärenz (Item 11) und die Adhärenz (Item 12). Beide RCT erhielten 20 bzw. 22 von 28 möglichen Punkten der Down-and-Black-Checkliste 1. Die Items 8 (Beschreibung von Nebenwirkungen), 12 (Repräsentativität der eingeschlossenen Patienten), 14 (Verblindung der eingeschlossenen Patienten) und 25 (statistische Korrektur einer Verzerrung) waren in beiden Studien nicht erwähnt.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Replizierbarkeit der Frühmobilisation bei Patienten mit SHT im Akutkrankenhaus ist derzeit nicht gegeben. Um die Qualität der Interventionsbeschreibungen zu verbessern und somit die Replizierbarkeit der Interventionen für Folgestudien und den Transfer in den klinischen Alltag zu gewährleisten, wird eine konsequente Verwendung der TIDieR-Checkliste in klinischen Studien empfohlen.
Quadricuspid Aortic Valvulopathy and Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Klassen Sheila L. , Hutchison Stuart J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis case report describes a 55-year-old male who presented with acute Type A aortic dissection. He underwent emergent surgical repair, and his intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed a quadricuspid aortic valve. His aortic root measured 45 mm. Quadricuspid aortic valves have previously been associated with aortic root dilation. This case illustrates the possible association of quadricuspid aortic valves with aortic dissection, similar to what is described with bicuspid valves.
Tailored Surgical Approaches for Foramem Magnum Tumors
Authors: Lynch Jose Carlos , Pereira Celestino Esteves , Weling Leonardo C. , Gonçalves Mariangela 
Published: October 2019

Objective To describe our surgical techniques, analyze their safety and their postoperative outcomes for foramen magnum tumors (FMTs).
Methods From 1986 to 2014, 34 patients with FMTs underwent surgeries using either the lateral suboccipital approach, standard midline suboccipital craniotomy, or the far lateral approach, depending on the anatomic location of the lesions.
Results In the present series, there were 22 (64.7%) female and 12 (35.2%) male patients. The age of the patients ranged from 12 to 63 years old. We observed 1 operative mortality (2.9%). A total of 28 patients (82.3%) achieved a score of 4 or 5 in the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Gross total resection (GTR) was obtained in 22 (64.7%) patients. After the surgery, 9 (26%) patients developed lower cranial nerve dysfunction (LCNd) weakness. The follow-up varied from 1 to 24 years (mean: 13.2 years).
Conclusion The majority of tumors located in the FM can be safely and efficiently removed using either the lateral sub occipital approach, standard middle line sub occipital craniotomy, or the far lateral approach, depending on the anatomic location of the lesions.
Influence of Thymoquinone Exposure on the Micro-Hardness of Dental Enamel: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Farooq Imran , Ali Saqib , Siddiqui Intisar Ahmad , Al-Khalifa Khalifa S. , Al-Hariri Mohammed 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess changes in micro-hardness level of enamel after it was exposed to thymoquinone (TQ).
Materials and Methods Sixteen enamel blocks were prepared and divided into two groups (each group received eight blocks, n = 8); Gp 1 (control): enamel blocks kept in 100 mL artificial saliva (AS) for 24 hours and Gp 2: enamel blocks kept in a mixture of TQ powder (1 g) and AS (100 mL) for 24 hours. Post-immersion they were subjected to simulated brushing with each sample receiving 8,000 linear strokes. For brushing, 3 mL of AS and TQ oil was used for groups 1 and 2, respectively. Enamel surfaces were analyzed for changes in values of surface micro-hardness (pre-immersion, post-immersion, and post-brushing) by obtaining Vickers hardness number (VHN).
Results The present study indicated improvement in micro-hardness levels for both groups although experimental group showed more enhancement. The mean baseline VHN for control group was 498.6, 500.4 for post-immersion, and 503.5 for post-brushing. The mean baseline VHN for experimental group was 448.7, 531 for post-immersion, and 610.3 for post-brushing. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed when post-brushing VHN values of both groups were compared and also within the experimental group when post-brushing values were compared with baseline values.
Statistical Analysis Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied for the evaluation of pre- and post-exposure hardness values. Level of significance was ≤0.05.
Conclusion The exposure of enamel to TQ led to an improvement in its micro-hardness levels. Further studies are required to understand the mechanism of action of TQ on human tissues.
Differences, Opportunities, and Strategies in Drug Alert Optimization—Experiences of Two Different Integrated Health Care Systems
Authors: Saiyed Salim M. , Davis Katherine R. , Kaelber David C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Concerns about the number of automated medication alerts issued within the electronic health record (EHR), and the subsequent potential for alarm fatigue, led us to examine strategies and methods to optimize the configuration of our drug alerts.
Objectives This article reports on comprehensive drug alerting rates and develops strategies across two different health care systems to reduce the number of drug alerts.
Methods Standardized reports compared drug alert rates between the two systems, among 13 categories of drug alerts. Both health care systems made modifications to the out-of-box alerts available from their EHR and drug information vendors, focusing on system-wide approaches, when relevant, while performing more drug-specific changes when necessary.
Results Drug alerting rates even after initial optimization were 38 alerts and 51 alerts per 100 drug orders, respectively. Eight principles were identified and developed to reflect the themes in the implementation and optimization of drug alerting.
Conclusion A team-based, systematic approach to optimizing drug-alerting strategies can reduce the number of drug alerts, but alert rates still remain high. In addition to strategic principles, additional tactical guidelines and recommendations need to be developed to enhance out-of-the-box clinical decision support for drug alerts.
Relationship between General Health Behaviors and Oral Health Behaviors in 2015–2016 NHANES Adult Population
Authors: Saadeh Rami , Bober-Moken Irene , Challa Suman 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between general health behaviors and oral health behaviors in adults who participated in the interview component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of 2015 to 2016.
Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study design of a national data set that included 5,992 adults who represented a sample of civilian, noninstitutionalized US population.
Statistical Analysis Chi-squared test of independence was used to describe the relationship of demographic information with oral health behaviors of participants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between general and oral health behaviors.
Results More than half (53.6%) of the participants had seen a dentist in the past 12 months and the main reason for that visit was for a regular checkup, cleaning, or examination. More than one-quarter (28.7%) reported visiting a dentist because something was hurting or bothering them. Most respondents (63.4%) reported being hardly ever or never having been embarrassed by their mouth condition. Age at one’s first sexual encounter, having a new sexual partner, mental health counseling, moderate- intensity sports, and computer use were significantly associated with positive oral health behaviors.
Conclusions For maximum effectiveness, health promotion efforts should target risk behaviors common to both oral and general health.
Novel COL11A2 Pathogenic Variants in a Child with Autosomal Recessive Otospondylomegaepiphyseal Dysplasia: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Selvam Pavalan , Singh Shekhar , Jain Angita , Atwal Herjot , Atwal Paldeep S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOtospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia (OSMED) is an inherited autosomal dominant and recessive skeletal dysplasia caused by both heterozygous and homozygous pathogenic variants in COL11A2 encoding the α2(XI) collagen chains, a part of type XI collagen. Here, we describe a 2-year-old girl presenting from birth with a phenotype suggestive of OSMED. On whole exome sequence analysis of the family via commercially available methods, we detected two novel heterozygous pathogenic variants in the proband. In addition, we reviewed the phenotype of autosomal recessive OSMED cases with COL11A2 pathogenic variants reported to date and quantitatively highlighted the phenotypic spectrum.
Antegrade Versus Retrograde Technique for Fixation of Scaphoid Waist Fractures: A Comparison of Screw Placement
Authors: Lucenti Ludovico , Lutsky Kevin F. , Jones Christopher , Kazarian Erick , Fletcher Daniel , Beredjiklian Pedro K. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Scaphoid waist fractures are often treated using headless compression screws using dorsal or volar approaches.
Objectives The purpose of this study is to compare differences in screw position using a volar (retrograde) or dorsal (antegrade) approach.
Patients and Methods A total of 82 patients were retrospectively evaluated: 41 treated with a volar and 41 with a dorsal approach were selected. Postoperative radiographs were reviewed by three observers who rated screw location in the proximal pole, waist, and distal pole.
Results Thirty-four patients (83%) in the antegrade group had central screw placement in the waist of the scaphoid in posteroanterior and lateral planes compared with 14 (34.9%) in the retrograde group (p < 0.05). For the antegrade group, the screw was central in 217 of 246 zones (88.2%) compared with 127 of 246 (51.6%) in the retrograde group (p < 0.05).
Conclusions The dorsal antegrade approach appears to allow the surgeon to achieve central screw placement along all three scaphoid regions.
Level of Evidence This is Level III study.
The paradox of imagining the post-human world
Authors: Laakso Maria 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSince the beginning of the twenty-first century, works depicting a post-human world have become a popular non-fiction genre. This kind ofdisanthropyis an extreme form of apocalyptic thinking. In this article, I examine one such disanthropic narrative, Alan Weisman’s bestselling non-fiction bookThe World Without Us(2007), using the theoretical framework of narrative fictionality studies.The World Without Usfalls between the conventional oppositional pairing of factual and fictional narratives. The book bases its rhetoric heavily on scientific facts – or at least on scientific expectations – especially in its use of interviews with scientists. Nevertheless, the core idea of a world without humans is inevitably fictional since the presence of readers makes the book’s premise manifestly counterfactual and paradoxical. In my analysis, I adopt a rhetorical approach to fictionality and factuality to ask how particular techniques and strategies connected to fictionality and factuality are employed in Weisman’s text in order to discuss the anxieties, desires, hopes, and fears of the possibility of human extinction.
Making fiction out of fact
Authors: Mason Jessica 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article explores fictionality within the context of the discourse of conspiracy. In particular it examines the phenomenon of ‘false flag’ narratives: alternative versions of an event constructed by individuals who have become convinced that a news story has in fact been staged for malfeasant purposes. The article uses figure-ground analysis, which facilitates examination of how attention is distributed within a text. Specifically, it enables an examination of the prominence and salience that is afforded to particular elements within a text, and how this can be used to construct a fiction out of facts. The article problematises the notion of using a pragmatic assessment of authorial intention to establish the fictive or nonfictive status of a text. Finally, it proposes that more work needs to be undertaken in considering instances where authors either do not know or are conflicted about what they believe.
Experimental study of the triboelectric charging of a glass bead impacting against a polymer plate
Authors: Lesprit Ugo , Paillat Thierry , Zouzou Noureddine , Paquier Anna , Yonger Marc 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The charging properties of a particle during a single impact have been studied before in research. Despite these contributions, there remains incomprehension on the very mechanisms responsible for the charge transfer and predictions regarding the tribocharging of a dielectric particle against another dielectric material are still rather unreliable. Glass, found with various different chemical compositions, is a good example of a material that defies the expectations of triboelectric series. This article reports the development of a setup measuring the charge generated by a single impact between a glass bead and a dielectric. The setup is designed to control most relevant parameters to achieve the highest level of reproducibility possible, and to perform series of tests to maximize statistical relevance. Preliminary results on parameters such as the normal velocity at impact, the relative humidity and the impact angle are described.
Contact Electrification of Adhesion Films on Flat Panel Displays
Authors: Viheriäkoski T , Hillberg J , Smallwood J , Holdstock P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Contact electrification of a protective adhesion film on a flat panel display may result in high charge accumulation on an electrically insulating surface affecting production yield and field failures. Tendency for triboelectric charging on planar surfaces was evaluated with the different film structures and different plane materials. Manual separation and constant speed separation techniques were adopted in the experiments. Triboelectrification had random effects that may be difficult to control without electrical conductivity. Electrostatic dissipative properties on the adhesion surface may increase charging of the insulating display. An inherently dissipative layer of the adhesion film significantly mitigated charge accumulation of the film itself.
Analysis of the behaviour of charged particles in electrical relay devices
Authors: Iida Masami , Koshimura Katsuaki , Kaneko Masahiro , Saeki Masato 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the results of analytical and experimental studies on the motion of a charged foreign object in an electrical relay. In the numerical approach, the motion of the lower and upper electrodes was solved by the finite element method. The colliding force between the foreign object and the electrodes was calculated by Hertzian contact theory. The electric field strength in the electrical relay was solved by the finite difference method. In the experimental approach, a spherical particle with a radius of 0.097mm made of polystyrene divinylbenzene was used as the foreign object. The validity of the analytical method was examined by comparing its results with the experimental results. It was shown that the motion of the particle is considerably affected by the electrostatic force.
Electrostatic agglomeration of fly ash particles for hybrid gas cleaning devices.
Authors: Sobczyk A T , Jaworek A , Marchewicz A , Krupa A , Czech T , Sliwiński Ł 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper presents experimental results of the investigation of agglomeration of PM2.5 fly ash particles with larger particles in an electrostatic agglomerator. SEM micrographs of the obtained agglomerates shown that a single particle of the size of 10-20 μm can collect more than 20-50 PM2.5 particles in this type of agglomerator. The experiments were carried out in a semi-industrial scale channel of a cross section of about 600 mm height and 1100 mm width. The agglomerator can be used as a particle precharger in a hybrid system or as the first stage in a two-stage electrostatic precipitator, in order to increase their total collection efficiency.
Energy released by brush discharges from the fabric with conductive fibres
Authors: Ryszard Kacprzyk , Justyna Król , Adam Pelesz 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fabrics containing regularly spread conductive fibres introduced into their structure may storage an electric charge, what results in a characteristic surface potential distribution. The brush, electrostatic discharges may occur when the grounded conductive object approaches to the charged fabric surface. A simplified, charged fabric-grounded object model is proposed. A metal sphere as the conductive object and a synthetic fabric with conductive yarn (forming regular cells) are considered. The analytical model allows to connect the energy W
rel, that can be released during the discharge, with geometry of the fabric-object system. The model has led to the power type relation between the energy W
rel and the cell diameter of a.
Ignition risks associated with migratory antistatic liners at the point of use
Authors: Newlands C , Pavey I , Shepherdson S , Azizi W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Dissipative plastics are often used to reduce risks of static ignition sources in explosive atmospheres. Migratory agents which diffuse to the surface can aid dissipation. The agent attracts ambient moisture to the surface thus decreasing the electrical resistance. In tests it has been found that surface resistance of migratory liners can take around 24 hours to become dissipative. This brings into question whether conditioning periods recommended for surface resistance tests could be masking the ignition risk of materials. Surface resistance, transferred charge and gas probe ignition tests have been carried out to investigate the ignition likelihood further. Rubbing tests indicated that a protective lubricating film formed at around 1 hour that could prevent charge transfer events but subsequent rubbing removed the film leading to charge transfer events. Liner filling tests were set up similar to IEC 61340-4-4. This testing recorded charge transfer events of over 60 nC for all liners even after 24 hours exposure. Liner filling tests with the gas ignition probe produced ignitions with standard insulating liners (no migratory agent) but produced no ignitions or measurable charge transfers for migratory liners. A question remains over the use of charge transfer values to evaluate ignition risks for migratory static dissipative materials and more guidance is sought to help industry manage these risks.