bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual cyst of the jaws: A clinico-pathologic study of this seemingly inconspicuous lesion
Authors: Titinchi Fadi , Morkel Jean 
Published: December 2020

Objectives
Residual cysts are relatively rare inflammatory cysts of the jaws. They are essentially radicular cysts without the presence of the offending dentition. These lesions have the ability to destroy bone within the jaws without any symptoms. Moreover, they can mimic more aggressive cysts and tumours on radiographs. The aim of this study was to describe the clinico-pathological features of residual cysts in order to discern them from other cystic lesions as well as analyse their management and recurrence patterns.

Materials and methods
Sixty-four histopathologically confirmed residual cysts were analysed based on their clinical, radiological and histopathological features. Their management and follow-up were also noted.

Results
The majority of lesions presented in elderly (46.8%), edentulous patients (60.9%) and were most commonly found in the posterior regions of the mandible (51.6%). Clinico-pathological features that aided in their diagnosis included long-standing history with slow growing swelling and presence of well-defined, unilocular cystic lesion associated with previously extracted dentition. Enucleation was a successful method in the management of residual cysts with very low recurrence rate (1.6%). Two patients (3.1%) developed squamous cell carcinoma from the cyst lining.

Conclusion
Residual cysts should be high on the list of differential diagnosis when elderly, edentulous patients present with cystic lesions in the jaws compared to dentate patients (P<0.01). All lesions should by biopsied and sent for histopathological examination along with radiological correlation as they have the potential to transform into primary intra-osseous squamous cell carcinoma with devastating consequences to the patient.
Pengembangan formula enteral hepatogomax untuk penyakit hati berbasis tepung kedelai dan tepung susu kambing
Authors: Rahmadanti Tia Sofa , Candra Aryu , Nissa Choirun 
Published: December 2020

Background: Patients with chronic liver disease were risk to be malnourished due to malabsorption, hipermetabolic condition, and not receiving adequate nutrients orally. Diet therapy through enteral feeding based on soybean flour and goat milk flour play role as an alternative formula for chronic liver patients since it contains high Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAA) and Medium-chain Triglyceride (MCT).Objectives: to analyze viscosity, nutrient content, protein digestibility, and organoleptic properties of enteral feeding using soybean flour and goat milk flour.Methods: An experimental study using 3 distinc formula with ratio soybean flour to goat milk flour was P1(45:55), P2(50:50), P3(55: 45). Viscosity, fat, carbohydrate content, and energy density were analyzed using One Way Anova followed by Tukey test while protein content, protein digestibility, and energy density were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis followed by Mann Whitney test. Organoleptic properties were analyzed using Friedman followed by Wilcoxon test.Results:The higher the soybean flour, the higher the formula viscosity (p=0.000) and protein (0.007). In contrast, the higher the got milk flour, the higher the fat (p=0.000), carbohydrate (p=0.000), energy (p=0.000) and energy density (p=0.013). Formula P3 has the highest viscosity (1.93±0.039 cP) and protein (9.66±0.16%), while P1 has the highest fat (27.33±0.15%), carbohydrate (65.97±0.23%), energy (1.175±3.04 kkal), energy density (1.17±0.00 kkal/ml), and protein digestibility (45.90±1.49%) among others. However, there is no effect of different formula toward protein digestibility (p=0.116). Organoleptic properties showed that the higher the got milk flour, the higher its acceptance in all aspect including color (p=0.046), flavor (p=0.000), taste (p=0.009) dan texture (p=0.002).Conclusion: P1 was the best formula due to its level of viscosity, fat, energy, protein and energy density that meet requirements according to European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). P1 also has the highest protein digestibility, and have the highest score of all organoleptic parameters.
Effect of Sowing Dates and Botanical Seed Pelleting on Plant Growth, Bulb Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Panwar Abhishek , Thakur Ashok K. , Sharma Pramod , Negi Shivangi , Nalwa Cherry , Bisht Anjay 
Published: December 2020

Background: Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a major bulbous vegetable as well as condiment of family Alliaceae grown in India, originated in Iran and Pakistan. Seed pelleting is a mechanism of applying various materials to the seed that can enhance the seed quality with respect to physiological, physical and health attributes. Seed pelleting make it easy to handle small and irregular shaped seeds.Methods: The present investigation was conducted in the field of Department of Seed Science and Technology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan during seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18. Result: This experiment comprised of pelleted seeds with different botanicals carried out to determine the effect of sowing dates and seed pelleting and their interactions on plant growth, yield and quality of bulb crop. All the factors in the experiment as well as their interactions showed significant influence on plant growth, yield and yield contributing characters in onion. The seeds pelleted with Azadirechta indica leaf powder + clay and Melia azedarach leaf powder + clay sown directly showed maximum values w.r.t. emergence (91.50 %), plant height at 60 days after sowing (35.35 cm), average leaf length (38.43cm), number of leaves per plant (8.67), number of days to harvesting (233.49), polar diameter (46.72 mm), equatorial diameter (57.77 mm), bulb size index (2699.74 ), neck thickness (12.12 mm), number of bulb per plot (89.00) average bulb weight (75.24 g), bulb yield (6.67 kg per plot or 400.01 q per ha), plant height before neck fall stage (58.55 cm). From the present studies, it can be concluded that onion seeds pelleted with Azadirechta indica leaf powder + clay and Melia azedarach leaf powder + clay showed significant effects for enhancing bulb quality, growth, quality and yield of bulb crop raised through direct seeding.
3D Numerical Simulation-Based Targeting of Skarn Type Mineralization within the Xuancheng-Magushan Orefield, Middle-Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt, China
Authors: Hu Xunyu , Li Xiaohui , Yuan Feng , Jowitt Simon M. , Ord Alison , Ye Rui , Li Yue , Dai Wenqiang , Li Xiangling 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent exploration has identified a series of Cu-Mo skarn deposits within the Xuancheng-Magushan orefield. The orefield forms part of the Nanling-Xuancheng mining district, which is located within the Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt (MLYRMB) of central-eastern China. However, this area contains thick and widespread unprospective sedimentary cover sequences that have impeded traditional approaches to mineral exploration. This study presents the results of 3D numerical simulation modeling that identifies possible mineral exploration targets within the entire Xuancheng-Magushan orefield. This modeling enables the identification of unexplored areas with significant exploration potential that are covered by thick sedimentary sequences that cannot be easily explored using traditional exploration approaches. This study outlines the practical value of 3D numerical simulation-based targeting in areas with thick sedimentary cover sequences and uses the Flac3D software package to couple processes involved in ore formation such as stress, pressure, and heat transfer. Here, we use volumetric strain increments calculated during numerical modeling as the thermodynamic representation of the generation of space during prograde skarn formation, with this space filed by sulfides either penecontemporaneously or soon after magmatism. This process occurred during retrograde hydrothermal ore formation and the genesis of the skarn-type mineralization in this area. The results of the volumetric strain increment calculated during this numerical modeling study matches the distribution of known mineralization as well as delineating eight potential targets that have not yet been explored but represent areas of significant exploration potential within the Xuancheng-Magushan orefield, indicating these targets should be considered prospective for future mineral exploration. One of these targets was also identified during our previous Comsol-based numerical modeling of the formation of the Magushan Cu-Mo skarn deposit. The fact that this area has been identified as prospective using two different numerical modeling methods indicates that this area should be prioritized for future exploration and also validates the numerical modeling approaches used here and in our previous research that more specifically focused on the Magushan skarn deposit. Overall, our study indicates that prospectivity modeling using 3D numerical simulation-based approaches can be both effective and economical and should be considered an additional tool for future mineral exploration to reduce exploration risks when targeting mineralization in areas with thick and unprospective sedimentary cover sequences.
Cordilleran Subduction Initiation: Retroarc Timing and Basinal Response in the Inyo Mountains, Eastern California
Authors: Lodes Emma , Riggs Nancy R. , Smith Michael E. , Stone Paul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSubduction zones drive plate tectonics on Earth, yet subduction initiation and the related upper plate depositional and structural kinematics remain poorly understood because upper plate records are rare and often strongly overprinted by magmatism and deformation. During the late Paleozoic time, Laurentia’s western margin was truncated by a sinistral strike-slip fault that transformed into a subduction zone. Thick Permian strata in the Inyo Mountains of central-eastern California record this transition. Two basins that were separated by a transpressional antiform contain sedimentary lithofacies that record distinct patterns of shoaling and deepening conditions before and during tectonism associated with subduction initiation. Sandstone petrography and lithofacies analysis show that rocks in a southeastern basin are dominated by carbonate grains derived from adjacent carbonate shelves, whereas sandstones in a northwestern basin are predominantly quartzose with likely derivation from distant ergs or underlying strata. Detrital zircon spectra from all but the youngest strata in both basins are typical of Laurentian continent spectra with prominent peaks that indicate ultimate sources in Appalachia, Grenville, Yavapai/Mazatzal, and the Wyoming or Superior cratons. The first Cordilleran arc-derived detrital zircon grains appear in the uppermost strata of the northwestern basin and record Late Permian (ca. 260 Ma) Cordilleran arc magmatism at this approximate latitude, and a possible source area is suggested by geochemical similarities between these detrital zircons and broadly coeval magmatic zircons in the El Paso Mountains to the southwest. Deformation responsible for basin partitioning is consistent with sinistrally oblique contraction in the earliest Permian time. The data presented from the Inyo Mountains shed more light on the nature of Cordilleran subduction initiation and the upper-crustal response to this transition.
Minimum Acceptable Diet Practice and its Associated Factors among Children’s Aged 6–23 Months in Rural Communities of Goncha District, North West Ethiopia, 2020
Authors: Birie  , Kassa  , Kebede Mrs 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction: After the first 6 months breast milk is no longer sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the infant. Therefore, complementary foods should be added to the child’s diet. Feeding children’s with diversified diet is practiced improperly in developing countries including Ethiopia particularly in the rural community. Interventions are intended to undertake the nutrition problems in children in the country. However, the progress was not satisfactory, particularly; minimum acceptable diet has increased from 3% to 7% in a decade (2005-2016). Objective: To determine the proportion of minimum acceptable diet practice and its associated factors among children’s aged 6-23 months in rural communities of Goncha district, 2020Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study was employed at rural communities of Goncha district from June 15 to July 15 2020. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select study subjects, and interview administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered by Epi Data version 4.0.2 and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between minimum acceptable diet and independent variable. Then, P-value <0.05 with 95% CI on multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent predictor of outcome variable Result: A total of 430 mothers who have children aged 6-23 months were included in the analysis with 98% of response rate. About 12.6% of children’s aged 6-23 months received the recommended minimum acceptable diet. Children whose mothers who had formal education [AOR= 2.7, 95%CI (1.133, 6.231)], institutional delivery [AOR= 4.5, 95%CI (1.986, 10.362)], media exposure [AOR=2.6, 95%CI (1.303, 5.291)] and higher household wealth index [AOR= 2.5, 95%CI (1.139, 5.90)] were significantly associated with minimum acceptable diet.Conclusion: The practice of minimum acceptable diet in the study area was inadequate and very low according to notional and world health organization’s recommendation. So, strengthening institutional delivery, improving the wealth of the community and exposure to media, and finally empowering women’s for education are recommended.
Research on Key Technologies of High-precision Location Based Service System for Intelligent Mines
Authors: Bao Jianjun , Haibo WANG 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the common application requirements of intelligent mine construction for high-precision location based service, this paper analyses the present status and development of mine positioning technology, explains the technical bottlenecks and construction goals in the existing system, discusses in detail the key technologies such as location based service system architecture, multi-source fusion positioning method, distributed service oriented system, high-precision map and 4D visualization, and finally puts forward the technical standard requirements of location based service and related mine application system research directions.
Water Sorption on Coal: Effects of Oxygen Containing Function Groups and Pore Structure&nbsp;
Authors: Liu Ang , Liu Shimin , Liu Peng , Wang Kai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Coal-water interactions has profound influences on gas extraction from coal and coal utilization. Experimental measurements on three coals using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), low-temperature nitrogen adsorption and dynamic water vapor sorption (DVS) were conducted. A mechanism-based isotherm model was proposed to estimate the water vapor uptake at various relative humidities, which was well validated with the DVS results. The validated isotherm model of sorption is further used to derive the isosteric heat of water vapor sorption. The pore specific surface area of coal is not the determining parameter that controls water vapor sorption at least during the primary adsorption stage. Oxygen containing degree dominates the primary adsorption, and togethering with the cumulative pore volume determine the secondary adsorption. Higher temperature has limited effects on primary adsorption process. The isosteric heat of water adsorption decreases as water vapor uptake increases, which was found to be close to the latent heat of bulk water condensation at higher relative humidity. The results confirmed that the primary adsorption is controlled by the stronger bonding energy while the interaction energy between water molecules during secondary adsorption stage is relatively weak. However, the thermodynamics of coal-water interactions are complicated since internal bonding interactions within the coal are disrupted at the same time as new bonding interactions take place with the water molecules. Coal has a shrinkage/swelling colloidal structure with moisture loss/gain and it exhibits collapse behavior with some collapses irreversible as a function of relative humidity, which plays a significant role in determining moisture retention.
Holobiont Nitrogen Control and its Potential for Eutrophication Resistance in an Obligate Photosymbiotic Jellyfish
Authors: Röthig Till , Puntin Giulia , Wong Jane CY , Burian Alfred , McLeod Wendy , Baker David M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Marine holobionts depend on microbial partners for health and nutrient cycling. This is particularly evident amongst cnidarian-Symbiodiniaceae symbioses, where nutrient acquisition is facilitated. However, the symbiosis is sensitive to environmental change - including eutrophication – that cause dysbiosis and host mortality, which contributes to global coral reef decline. Yet, some holobionts exhibit resistance to dysbiosis in eutrophic environments, including the obligate photosymbiotic scyphomedusa Cassiopea xamachana. Methods: Our aim was to assess the mechanisms in C. xamachana that stabilize symbiotic relationships. We combined labelled bicarbonate (13C) and nitrate (15N) and metabarcoding approaches to evaluate nutrient cycling and microbial community composition in symbiotic and aposymbiotic medusae.Results: We found C-cycling within the C. xamachana holobiont to be essential as aposymbiotic medusae continuously lost weight even at high heterotrophic feeding rates. Heterotrophically acquired C and N were readily shared among host and algae. This was in sharp contrast to nitrate assimilation, which was strongly restricted from Symbiodiniaceae. Instead, the bacterial microbiome seemed to play a major role in the holobiont’s DIN assimilation as uptake rates showed a significant positive relationship with phylogenetic diversity of medusa-associated bacteria. This is corroborated by inferred functional capacity that links the dominant bacterial taxa (~90 %) to nitrogen cycling and particularly denitrification. Observed bacterial community structure differed between apo- and symbiotic C. xamachana putatively highlighting enrichment of ammonium oxidizers and denitrifiers and depletion of nitrogen-fixators in symbiotic medusae. Conclusion: Host, algal symbionts, and bacterial associates contribute to regulated nutrient assimilation and cycling in C. xamachana. We found that the bacterial microbiome of symbiotic medusae was seemingly structured to increase DIN removal and enforce algal N-limitation - a mechanism that would help to stabilize algae-host relationship even under eutrophic conditions.
Tracking Double-Stranded DNA Bacteriophages and Their Hosts in a Deep Freshwater Lake by Integrating Metagenomics and The Hi-C Technique
Authors: Tao Ye , Gao Peixin , Li Biao , Xing Peng , Wu Qinglong L. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In aquatic ecosystems, bacteriophages play key roles in species diversity, host population dynamics and functional gene transfer. Due to a lack of high-throughput experimental tools to obtain robust associations between bacteriophages and hosts, the current metagenome-based phage community research generally predicts interactions based on various computational pipelines. In this study, by introducing an in vivo proximity-ligation chromosomal confirmation capture (Hi-C) technique combined with existing sequencing data from a freshwater metagenome study, we investigated double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) bacteriophages distribution, bacteriophage-host associations and abundance profiles at various depths in a deep alpine lake.Results: A total of 985 nonredundant viral genomes (containing 1,464 viral contigs measuring at least 10 kb) were identified using rigorous bioinformatic pipelines, and 67.3% of bacteriophages had never been reported previously. The bacteriophages had a significant depth-dependent distribution, and 56.9% of phage populations were only present in the epilimnion. Overall, 567 auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) were identified in 239 phages (24.26% of the total population). Hi-C reconstructed 58 bacteriophage-host association events encompassing eight bacterial phyla, among which 14 AMG-coding bacteriophages were clearly linked to their hosts. Three bacteriophages contained the mec gene, which was exactly complementary to their hosts in the sulfur-related pathway, and three other bacteriophages contained AMGs that likely participated in host fructose and mannose metabolism.Conclusions: The present study identifies bacteriophages in Lake Fuxian and describes the bacteriophages and their host dynamics along the depth profile. Our results indicate that metagenomics combined with the Hi-C technique has promise for future applications in high-throughput bacteriophage identification and bacteriophage-host association detection, which could further extend our knowledge of the functional roles played by bacteriophages in aquatic ecosystems.
Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Infections Among Critically Ill Patients: Analysis of Baseline Characteristics and Factors Associated with Mortality
Authors: Aljamaan Fadi , Altawil Esraa , Temsah Mohamad-Hani , Almeman Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBacterial infections are a frequent cause of hospitalization and a leading cause of death, particularly with the emergence of antibiotics resistance. The emergence of Carbapenem resistance among gram-negative bacteria (GNB) is one of the evolving alerts as its use is considered the last resort of treatment [1]. Therefore, this urged studying the risk factors for the development of multi-drug resistant [2] GNB, identify the clinical outcomes and factors associated with mortality, especially among critically ill patients who are expected to have the worst outcomes.Materials/methodsThis is a retrospective observational study of critically ill patients who had an infection with Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), or MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or MDR Acinetobacter spp. between May 2016- Nov 2018. Baseline demographics, co-morbidities, and clinical outcomes were collected and were evaluated for association with 28 days mortality. ResultsA total of 255 patients with MDR Gram-negative cultures were screened, 77 patients met the inclusion criteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common index organism (53% of patients), followed by Acinetobacter spp. and CRE, respectively. The mortality rate at 28 days was (59.7%). Non-survivors were significantly older (mean age 64 vs. 44 years, P= 0.0001), had significantly worse disease severity scores on ICU admission, higher incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (43% vs. 16%, P= 0.010), required more continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (54% vs. 13% P= 0.0001), had longer hospital length of stay prior to infection (median 34 vs. 13 days, P= 0.018), and required longer inotropic and vasopressors support (median 19 vs. 8 days, P = 0.0001). In multivariate logistic regression the following factors were significantly associated with mortality; requirement of inotropic support [OR 10.01 (95% CI 1.55-64.77); P= 0.015], age [OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.0-1.1); P=0.01], APACHE IV score on ICU admission [OR 1.03 (95% CI 1.0- 1.06); P= 0.04], and ICU length of stay [OR 1.03 (95% CI 1.0- 1.06); P= 0.035].ConclusionMDR Gram-negative infection is associated with significant in-hospital mortality among critically ill patients. Old age, high APACHE IV score, higher ICU length of stay, and higher hemodynamic support are associated with higher mortality.Trial registrationretrospectively registered.