bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Industri Makanan Ringan Menggunakan Boston Consulting Group Matrix
Authors: Saputra Afrizal Dwi Wana , Danial R Deni Muhammad , Samsudin Acep 
Published: July 2020

Dunia usaha industri minuman dan makanan pada dekat ini mengalami peningkatan sebesar 7.88% ditahun 2015 dan 8.22% ditahun 2016 dengan semakin tingginya pertumbuhan industri minuman dan makanan persaingan antar perusahaan seperti Mayora Indah Tbk, Indofood CBD, Siantar Top dan Tiga Pilar Sejahtera menjadi lebih kompleks. Setiap perusahaan harus memiliki strategi pemasarannya masing-masing untuk mempertahankan daya saing dengan kompetitor lainnya, oleh karena itu penulis melakukan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi perusahaan Mayora Indah Tbk berdasarkan Boston Consulting Group Matrix (BCG) sehingga perusahaan dapat merencanakan strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan daya saing. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dengan matriks BCG, dapat diketahui tingkat pertumbuhan pasar penjualan produk PT. Mayora Indah Tbk sebesar 13.44% yang berarti bahwa PT. Mayora Indah Tbk memiliki pertumbuhan pasar yang tinggi. Telah diketahui juga bahwa pangsa pasar relatif PT. Mayora Indah Tbk tahun 2017 sebesar 0,58 kali <1 yang artinya menunjukkan bahwa PT. Mayora Indah Tbk memiliki pangsa pasar lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan Indofood CBP karena nilai pangsa pasar relatif Indofood CBP sebesar 1.71 kali >1. Dan berdasarkan matrik BCG PT. Mayora Indah Tbk 2017, letak posisi titik berada di kuadran Question Mark atau tanda tanya dengan indikasi pertumbuhan pasar yang tinggi dan pangsa pasarnya yang rendah. Ini berarti jumlah pertumbuhan penjualan Mayora tinggi dan pangsa pasar rendah. Strategi yang dapat di ambil adalah tetap berinvestasi pada produk atau bisnis unit yang berada dalam kategori Question Marks ini karena pertumbuhan pasar yang tinggi.
EMPLOYEE LEAVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Authors: Adamu Abubakar 
Published: July 2020

Employee leave management system combine number of processes and systems to automate and easily manage employee data, leave request, track and grant leave. In many institution staff are entitled to different types of leave, these leave are granted according to institution policy. Administrative department is mostly responsible for managing and granting leave request. To this end, most institution used conventional method of requesting, granting and managing leave. In conventional method, leave is manually request by writing letter to head of department. The head of department minutes and forward the request to higher staff for approval. This method is time consuming, prone to error, require more paper work and difficult to manage. Hence the need for an automated leave management system that is faster, error free, less paper work and easy to manage. The system was achieved by developing an automated employee leave management system using the three tier software architectural model. The System is implemented using web based technologies which include CSS, JS, HTML, MySQL, PHP and runs on Windows operating system. . The overall functionality of the system shows that it work satisfactory and the result obtained shows that the system is error free, faster and allows staff to request for leave in a timely manner. Hence the system can be used by both academic staff and administrative department of an institution for effective and efficient management of employee leave.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF MARKETING EFFICIENCY OF PINEAPPLE IN KANO STATE MARKETS, NIGERIA
Authors: Lawal A. T. , Danbazau S. A. , Yusuf A. O. , Ahmad Y. S. , Adomi A. A. , Sadiq M. S. , Suleiman I. , Barau S. S. 
Published: July 2020

The study analysed the marketing efficiency of pineapple in selected markets in Kano metropolis. Data was collected with the used of questionnaire and were analysed using descriptive statistics, market margin analysis and market efficiency. Results shows that the majority (33.3%) of the respondents were within the ages of 47-55 years, followed by 23.8% within the age range of 29-37 years and 9.5% of age range of 56-64 years were the minimum. Household size, in the wholesaler’s side category 5-8 size had the highest members with 42.80%, followed by 1-4 and 17-20 with 19.10% each, while 14.30% had 9-12 and the least was households within the range of 13-16 with only 4.8%, while in the retailer’s side category 1-5 size had the highest members with 40.90%, followed by 11-15 with 24.90%, then 22.60% had 6-10 while 9.10% had 16-20 size and the least was household within the range of 21-25 with only 2.30%. However, 31-37years category ranked the least with 4.80%. On the retailers side the result reveals that 13-20 years category ranked the highest with 41.00% and 37-44years category were the least with 6.80% each. The marketing margin analysis indicated that for every 14.4kg pineapple, gross marketing margin of wholesalers N 158.85 was higher than that of retailers N 129.66 whereas net marketing margin of retailers with N 91.24 was higher than that of wholesalers with N 59.09, return on investment of retailers with 1.11 was also higher than that of wholesalers with 1.08, and however, marketing margin of wholesalers
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES OF METAL(II) COMPLEXES WITH SCHIFF BASE DERIVED FROM 2-AMINOPHENOL AND 2-HYDROXY-6-METHOXY-3-QUINLINECARBOXALDEHYDE
Authors: JABBI Abubakar Muhammad , Aliyu Habu Nuhu , Ishaku Suleiman , Kabir Abdullahi Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

Schiff base derived from 2-aminophenol and 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-quinolinecarboxaldehyde and its Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, melting point and decomposition temperature, molar conductivity, IR spectral analysis, AAS analysis, solubility test, and magnetic susceptibility. The FTIR spectral data of the Schiff base determined showed a band at 1622cm-1 which was assigned to the v(C=N), a feature of azomethine group. The same band was observed to shift to lower frequencies 1577 and 1599cm-1 in the complexes suggesting coordination of the Schiff base with the respective metal (II) ions. Molar conductance values 14.58 and 12.65Ω-1cm2mol-1show that the metal complexes were non-electrolytic in nature. The magnetic susceptibility of the complexes were determined and the gram magnetic susceptibility of the complexes were found to be positive, revealing that they are paramagnetic. The elemental analysis of the complexes for C, N and H determined suggested (1:1) metal to ligand ratio. The result of the antimicrobial studiesthat, the metal (II) complexes exhibited higher antibacterial and antifungal activity than the Schiff base but lower than the reference drugs Amoxicillin and Ketoconazole used as control in all cases.
ARE THEY ALSO MIND COLONIZERS? EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GUT MICROBIOTA AND DEPRESSION
Authors: Ayeni Funmilola , Fadeyi Tolulope Elizabeth 
Published: July 2020

The association of the gut microbiota with many diseased and healthy state is currently of global interest. Gut microbiota is able to alter immune responses and behaviour and it is also involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Depression is a disorder that is etiologically heterogeneous. There is a strong evidence for microbiome links to mental health, which point to a possible future of manipulation of gut microbiota for better health. This review compiled existing literature on the relationship between depression and human gut microbiota.
Epistemologi Keilmuan Integratif-Interkonektif M. Amin Abdullah dan Resolusi Konflik
Authors: Sutarto Dendi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract The interconnectivity paradigm, axiologically, wants to offer a new, more open, dialogue and dialogue view of the world of human beings and scientists, able to open dialogue and cooperation, be transparent, accountable to the public and forward-looking. While ontologically, the relationship between the various disciplines of science becomes more open and dialogue of scholarship derived from the texts (Hadlarah al-Nash), and the factual-historical-empirical scholarly culture, social sciences and the natural sciences (Hadlarah al-Ilm ) as well as ethical-philosophical science culture (Hadlarah al-Falsafah). This paper argues that the thought of M. Amin Abdullah contributed greatly to scholarship related to contemporary humanisties approaches, such as hermeneutics, contemporary linguistics, the natural sciences, by revealing the scientific treasures of Bayani, Burhani and Irfani in the Islamic cultural tradition. Both traditions are attempted to compare in matrices and then deliver on a choice of scientific formats that are integrative and interconnective and able to disperse the tensions of religious social conflict in multicultural societies. Keywords: M. Amin Abdullah, integrative-interconetive science, conflict resolution, epistimologi Abstrak Paradigma interkoneksitas, secara aksiologi, ingin menawarkan pandangan dunia (word view) manusia beragama dan ilmuan yang baru, yang lebih terbuka, mampu membuka dialog dan kerjasama, transparan, dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara publik dan berpandangan ke depan. Sedangkan secara ontologis, hubungan antara berbagai disiplin keilmuan menjadi semakin terbuka dan mendialogkan keilmuan bersumber pada teks-teks (Hadlarah al-Nash), dan budaya keilmuan faktual-historis-empiris yakni ilmu-ilmu sosial dan ilmu-ilmu kealaman (Hadlarah al-Ilm) serta budaya keilmuan etis-fiosofis (Hadlarah al-Falsafah). Tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa pemikiran M. Amin Abdullah berkontribusi besar bagi keilmuan terkait pendekatan humanisties-kontemporer, seperti hermeneutik, linguistis kontemporer, ilmu-ilmu kealaman, dengan mengungkap kembali kekuatan khazanah keilmuan Bayani, Burhani dan Irfani dalam tradisi budaya Islam. Kedua tradisi tersebut dicoba dibandingkan dalam matrik dan kemudian mengantarkan pada suatu pilihan format keilmuan yang bersifat integratif dan interkonektif dan mampu meredahkan ketegangan konflik sosial keagamaan dalam masyarakat multikulturalisme. Keywords: M. Amin Abdullah, integratif-interkonetif keilmuan, resolusi konflik,epistimologi
PENGARUH KONFLIK INTERPERSONAL, BEBAN KERJA, DAN KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP STRES KERJA KARYAWAN PT. VIKING ENGINEERING BATAM
Authors: Lestari Esther Endang Dwi , Ratnasari Sri Langgeng 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konflik interpersonal, beban kerja, dan komunikasi baik secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap stres­ kerja karyawan PT. Viking Engineering Batam. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 57 karyawan. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear berganda, uji t, uji F, dan uji R2. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, yaitu pengukuran data statistik obyektif dengan pengolahan data menggunakan ­software SPSS 20.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik interpersonal, beban kerja, dan komunikasi secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stress kerja karyawan PT. Viking Engineering Batam, hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji F yang menunjukkan nilai signifikan 0,003 lebih kecil dari 0,05. Hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa konflik interpersonal dan beban kerja secara parsial berpengaruh tetapi tidak signifikan, hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji t yang menunjukkan hasil nilai signifikan lebih dari 0,05 yaitu sebesar 0,552 untuk variabel konflik interpersonal dan 0,590 untuk variabel beban kerja. Tetapi hasil uji t menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap stress kerja, hal ini dibuktikan dengan uji t yang menunjukkan nilai signifikan lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu sebesar 0,002.
REFORMASI BIROKRASI PADA PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Rohmadin Sulthon 
Published: July 2020

AbstrAct
Indonesia’s bureaucratic condition in the current reform era has not shown a good development direction, because there are still many unprofessional bureaucrats, acting as rulers, running corruption, collusion and nepotism (KKN) practices at the central, provincial and district levels. In addition, bureaucrats tend to choose comfort zones without competition, but rather based on seniority. Bureaucrats are generally not ready to enter the competitive zone.To transform a reliable and professional bureaucracy, the Government has formulated strategic policies. One of them is the Perpres No. 81/2010 on the Grand Design of Indonesian Bureaucracy 2010-2025, which is followed up by the PermenPAN RB No. 37 of 2013 on Guidelines for Formulating the Local Government Bureaucratic Reform Roadmap.The method used in this study is tailor made method combined with FGD (expert meeting) method with related bureaucratic apparatus, and Delphi technique, which is one of the techniques for involving stakeholders in decision making/policy by gathering opinions through questionnaires/questionnaire.This study resulted in 8 recommendations of the Bureaucratic Reform policy program in West Java which are expected to be able to encourage the establishment of a clean and good West Java Provincial government with adaptive characteristics, integrity, professionalism, high performance, freedom, and clean from corruption, collusion and nepotism (KKN) able to serve the public, be neutral, prosperous, dedicated and uphold the basic values and code of ethics of the apparatus. And of course it is able to realize the vision and mission of West Java Province that touches the interests of the wider community towards “West Java Forward and Prosperous”
Keywords: bureaucratic reform, public service
Take-home Tensile Testing System for Biomechanics Education
Authors: Leineweber Matthew 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Characterizing the load–deformation relationships in both engineering materials and biologic tissues is a key component of undergraduate biomechanics and mechanobiology courses. These relationships are essential to determining the suitability of a given material for biomedical applications, such as identifying the root causes of implant failure and injury and quantifying the effects of mechanical cellular mechanotransduction. Typically, material characterization is done by using industry standard and research-grade material testing systems, which can cost tens to hundreds of thousands of dollars and require large amounts of dedicated laboratory space. This article presents a new design for a low-cost and portable alternative to these commercial systems, consisting of off-the-shelf and 3-dimensional printed components for teaching purposes. Student groups assemble their own devices and conduct material characterization experiments for both elastic and viscoelastic materials on their own time, outside of traditional laboratory settings. The “take-home” labs were pilot tested over a single semester, and preliminary results showed increased understanding of elastic and viscoelastic theory compared with lecture alone. These results suggest that the take-home tensile testing systems may be an effective means of providing a hands-on educational experience in courses in which traditional lab activities are not otherwise possible.
Foreword
Authors: De Giorgi Fulvio 
Published: July 2020

Fin dal suo insediamento, questa Direzione e tutto il Consiglio Direttivo del Cirse hanno messo in cima alle
loro preoccupazioni il miglioramento della Rivista. Non è infatti da considerarsi ovvio che una “Società di categoria” possa disporre di una rivista di fascia A (non accade, per esempio, per altre Società storiche, anche molto titolate): si tratta, dunque, di un patrimonio importante di tutti i soci e a servizio di tutti, in particolare dei più giovani. Un passaggio decisivo di questa ‘politica di potenziamento’ è stato il cambio dell’editrice, resosi ormai indilazionabile per una serie di questioni di ordine organizzativo.
PERBEDAAN PERLAKUAN PENYIMPANAN CETAKAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STABILITAS DIMENSI BAHAN CETAK ALGINAT
Authors: Hutagalung Mangatas , Haloho Rotua 
Published: July 2020

Bahan cetak alginat yang digunakan dokter gigi memiliki sifat imbibisi dan sineresis, hasil cetakan yang tidak dilakukan pengisian langsung dengan dental stone dapat menyebabkan perubahan stabilitas dimensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat perbedaan perlakuan penyimpanan terhadap perubahan stabilitas dimensi bahan cetak alginat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium dengan menggunakan 24 sampel yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok penyimpanan yaitu di udara bebas, disimpan dalam wadah berisi air, disimpan dalam kain basah dan disimpan dalam plastik klip. Analisa data menggunakan One Way Anova. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan selisih rata-rata berat hasil cetakan alginat pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan menunjukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara menit ke 10, 20 dan 30 yaitu p=0,000 (p<0,05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah perbedaan perlakuan penyimpanan pada masing-masing bahan cetak alginat menghasilkan perbedaan stabilitas dimensi juga pada masing-masing perlakuan.
PENGALAMAN PASIEN KANKER SERVIKS DALAM MENGATASI KECEMASAN
Authors: Sinaga Dameria Magdalena , Santosa Heru , Lubis Namora 
Published: July 2020

Penyakit kanker serviks merupakan penyakit yang menimbulkan permasalahan pada kehidupan wanita yang mengalaminya terkait akan penurunan peran sebagai istri dan ibu serta kualitas hidupnya. Umumnya wanita dengan kanker serviks datang pada stadium lanjut sehingga mereka mengalami depresi yang ditandai dengan sikap marah, menutup diri dan kurang menerima keadaan dirinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman pasien kanker serviks dalam mengatasi kecemasan. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara indepth interview dan fieldnote. Partisipan berjumlah lima orang pasien kanker serviks yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Wawancara dilakukan di rumah sakit dan di rumah partisipan yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Colaizzi. Hasil analisis penelitian ditemukan empat tema yaitu, mengalami perubahan psikologis, mengalami perubahan dalam berinteraksi, memperoleh dukungan keluarga dan melakukan aktifitas spiritual. Dari hasil penelitian disarankan pasien kanker serviks membutuhkan dukungan keluarga, teman sekerja dan teman sesama kanker serviks, lebih banyak melakukan aktifitas spiritual dengan berdoa dan ikhlas dalam menerima dan menjalani pengobatannya.
Bounded Degree Spanners of the Hypercube
Authors: Nenadov Rajko , Sawhney Mehtab , Sudakov Benny , Wagner Adam Zsolt 
Published: July 2020

In this short note we study two questions about the existence of subgraphs of the hypercube $Q_n$ with certain properties. The first question, due to Erdős–Hamburger–Pippert–Weakley, asks whether there exists a bounded degree subgraph of $Q_n$ which has diameter $n$. We answer this question by giving an explicit construction of such a subgraph with maximum degree at most 120.
The second problem concerns properties of $k$-additive spanners of the hypercube, that is, subgraphs of $Q_n$ in which the distance between any two vertices is at most $k$ larger than in $Q_n$. Denoting by $\Delta_{k,\infty}(n)$ the minimum possible maximum degree of a $k$-additive spanner of $Q_n$, Arizumi–Hamburger–Kostochka showed that $$\frac{n}{\ln n}e^{-4k}\leq \Delta_{2k,\infty}(n)\leq 20\frac{n}{\ln n}\ln \ln n.$$ We improve their upper bound by showing that $$\Delta_{2k,\infty}(n)\leq 10^{4k} \frac{n}{\ln n}\ln^{(k+1)}n,$$where the last term denotes a $k+1$-fold iterated logarithm.
Convergence and Divergence over the Growth Paradigm: The OECD Working Party 2 and the Japanese “Doubling National Income Plan” (1961–70)
Authors: Yago Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2020

La croissance économique au Japon a été stimulée par une série de plans, dont l’un des plus connus a été le « Plan de doublement du revenu national » (1961-1970). Cet article vise à reconstituer les vues sur ledit plan proposées et débattues parmi les fonctionnaires japonais ainsi que de l’OCDE, notamment le Groupe du travail n˚ 2. Confrontés à une balance des paiements déficitaire et à une croissance inégale, ces acteurs ont émis des opinions plus réservées sur la planification de la croissance. Pourtant, la croissance japonaise a excédé le plan initial, comme l’avait prédit l’économiste Osamu Shimomura. Le « paradigme de croissance économique » au Japon au début des années 1960 était un paradigme équilibré, cependant tôt ou tard il s’est heurté à la « période de transformation » visant à un investissement plus fort avec inflation.
Quelle protection sociale pour les personnes âgées ? Un débat au long cours
Authors: Capuano Christophe 
Published: July 2020

Cet article interroge sur le temps long, la construction sociale d’un nouvel âge de la vie au cours du XX e siècle, celui de la retraite. Souvent choix individuel réservé à une élite au XIX e siècle, elle devient une solution collective au siècle suivant mais peine à s’imposer dans une société en voie de salarisation. Cette contribution entend ainsi mettre au jour les logiques qui ont présidé à ces dispositifs mais aussi les aléas, écueils et échecs qui ont jalonné un parcours loin d’être linéaire avant qu’un système stable ne soit éprouvé. Cette analyse éclaire enfin la réalité du niveau de vie des retraités, extrêmement modeste jusqu’aux années 1970.
Assembly of Cu Wirings with Ultrasmooth and High-Adhesive Electroless Cu Seed Layer by Using UV Modification and Low Attenuation of High-Frequency Transmission Property
Authors: Toba Masaya , Nomoto Shuji , Komuro Nobuhito , Mitsukura Kazuyuki , Abe Shinichiro , Masuko Takashi , Kurafuchi Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Semiconductor packages for high-performance devices with printed circuit boards having multiwiring layers such as flip-chip ball grid array have been attracting the attention to realize ultrare-liable and low-latency communications in 5G networking. Cu wirings for the package are usually fabricated by via formation by laser for dielectric, desmear, electroless Cu seed formation, photoresist patterning, electrolytic Cu plating, resist stripping, and seed layer etching. Although a desmear process can obtain enough adhesion between dielectric and Cu seed layer by anchoring effect to secure reliabilities, the interface between dielectric and Cu seed layer should be smooth to achieve low attenuation of electric signals at high frequencies. Here, instead of a desmear process, we applied a UV modification for the surface of dielectric to realize a smooth and high-adhesive seed layer against dielectric. We obtained .8 kN/m of peel strength between dielectric and Cu seed layer in spite of surface roughness of the dielectric being 45 nm by a nanolevel anchoring effect at the UV-modified layer. Because of the smooth interface by UV modification, the S21 value of microstrip line was 26% improved compared with that assembled through the desmear process at 60 GHz.
Fabrication of Ceramic Interposers for Module Packaging
Authors: Alizadeh Rana , Porter Kaoru Uema , Cannon Tom , Mantooth H. Alan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, low-temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) and 3D-printed ceramic interposers are designed and fabricated for a double-sided power electronic module. The interposer acts as electrical insulation between two direct-bond copper (DBC) power substrates as well as mechanical support to evenly distribute the weight of the top DBC substrate onto the entire bottom DBC substrate instead of directly onto the bare power semiconductor die. A novel LTCC fabrication process for 14 layers of green tapes with premachined recesses and holes is developed. A similar interposer is 3D printed using a ceramic resin. Finally, the fabricated LTCC and 3D-printed interposers are compared.