bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UiO‐66 and hcp UiO‐66 Catalysts Synthesized from Ionic Liquids as Linker Precursors
Authors: Ermer Matthias , Mehler Julian , Rosenberger Björn , Fischer Marcus , Schulz Peter S. , Hartmann Martin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUsing ionic liquids (ILs) as linker precursors, the well‐known metal‐organic framework (MOF) UiO‐66 (Universitetet i Oslo) and the recently reported MOF hcp UiO‐66 (hexagonal closed packed) have been successfully synthesized and characterized. The advantage of the applied novel synthesis approach is an economically and environmentally benign work‐up procedure, due to the better solubility of the IL. Additionally, the reactivity of the terephthalate anions is increased compared to terephthalic acid, resulting in faster MOF formation with an increased amount of defects in the MOF structure. In order to explore to the influence of defects on the catalytic performance, the cyclisation of citronellal to isopulegol was employed as test reaction. The activity of hcp UiO‐66 and fcc UiO‐66 (face centered cubic) is improved compared to other MOF or zeolite based catalysts, while the selectivity is similar.
Registration of ‘CP 10‐1716’ sugarcane
Authors: Gordon Vanessa S. , Islam M. Sariful , McCord Per H. , Sandhu Hardev S. , Zhao Duli , Davidson R. Wayne , Sood Sushma G. , Comstock Jack C. , Singh Maninder P. , Baltazar Miguel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract‘CP 10‐1716’ (Reg. no. CV‐195, PI 691536) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was released (7 June 2018) through cooperative research by the USDA–ARS Sugarcane Field Station at Canal Point, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc. CP 10‐1716 is recommended for use on mineral (sand) soils in Florida. CP 10‐1716 resulted from polycross X07‐1257 (CP 00‐2180 × Mix07Q; male parent is unknown). Replicated trials at four sand soil locations, with yield data from 12 harvests and three crop cycles (i.e., plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon) showed that CP 10‐1716 had cane and sugar yields, and profitability (economic index, US$ ha−1), that were similar to check cultivars (‘CL 88‐4730’ and ‘CP 96‐1252’). Commercial recoverable sucrose (CRS) in CP 10‐1716 was significantly lower than the check averages, but the early CRS was not significantly different from the mean of the checks. The economic index for CP 10‐1716 vs. the mean of the checks was $2490 vs. $2445 ha−1, respectively, with CP 10‐1716 showing no significant difference from the mean of the checks. CP 10‐1716 was rated as moderately resistant to ratoon stunt disease and resistant to brown and orange rust, mosaic, smut, leaf scald, and yellow leaf disease on sand soils. CP 10‐1716 is positive for the Bru1 molecular marker that is one of the indicators for brown rust resistance. CP 10‐1716 has low to moderate freeze tolerance as it relates to sucrose degradation.
High‐Throughput Optimization of Recombinant Protein Production in Microfluidic Gel Beads
Authors: Napiorkowska Marta , Pestalozzi Luzius , Panke Sven , Held Martin , Schmitt Steven 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEfficient production hosts are a key requirement for bringing biopharmaceutical and biotechnological innovations to the market. In this work, a truly universal high‐throughput platform for optimization of microbial protein production is described. Using droplet microfluidics, large genetic libraries of strains are encapsulated into biocompatible gel beads that are engineered to selectively retain any protein of interest. Bead‐retained products are then fluorescently labeled and strains with superior production titers are isolated using flow cytometry. The broad applicability of the platform is demonstrated by successfully culturing several industrially relevant bacterial and yeast strains and detecting peptides or proteins of interest that are secreted or released from the cell via autolysis. Lastly, the platform is applied to optimize cutinase secretion in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) and a strain with 5.7‐fold improvement is isolated. The platform permits the analysis of >106 genotypes per day and is readily applicable to any protein that can be equipped with a His6‐tag. It is envisioned that the platform will be useful for large screening campaigns that aim to identify improved hosts for large‐scale production of biotechnologically relevant proteins, thereby accelerating the costly and time‐consuming process of strain engineering.
Utilization of Raman spectroscopy to identify breast cancer from the water content in surgical samples containing blue dye
Authors: Hubbard Thomas J. E. , Dudgeon Alexander P. , Ferguson Douglas J. , Shore Angela C. , Stone Nicholas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBreast conserving surgery (BCS) for breast cancer aims for optimal oncological results with minimal tissue excision. Positive margins due to insufficient resection results in significant numbers of patients requiring re‐excision, which could be resolved with intra‐operative margin analysis (IMA). High wavenumber (HWN) Raman Spectroscopy (RS) examines the difference in protein/lipid environment and water content in tissues. Fluorescence from haemoglobin and blue dye surgical pigments (commonly present in excised breast tissue) can confound HWN RS. We present a Raman system with 785 nm excitation laser and indium gallium arsenide camera capable of quantifying changes in water content in different environments (protein‐rich and lipid‐rich) by measuring the water/total area ratio (W/TAR) of the HWN spectrum. We demonstrate that haemoglobin and blue dye do not adversely affect water content analysis by the W/TAR calculation. Measurement of paired tumour/non‐tumour human breast tissue specimens showed the biochemical differences between tissues, and spectral analysis with W/TAR demonstrated large differences in water content and that our Raman system can accurately differentiate between tumour and non‐tumour tissue, even in the presence of surgical pigments. This provides proof of principle that this Raman system is suitable for further investigation with a view to providing IMA in the clinical environment.image
Effects of predeparture and postarrival cross‐cultural trainings on expatriates adjustment: A study of Chinese expatriates in Nigeria
Authors: Okpara John O. , Kabongo Jean D. , Lau Wai Kwan (Elaine) 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe increase in economic globalization has created a need for multinational corporations to use expatriates to manage their foreign subsidiaries. Expatriate employees face many challenges that they can meet successfully only if they are well prepared through sound cross‐cultural training. In this exploratory study, we investigated the effects of cross‐cultural training on Chinese expatriates in Nigeria. We mainly focused on the relationship between predeparture and postarrival cross‐cultural training. In this study, we surveyed 198 Chinese expatriates in Nigeria and found that both predeparture and postarrival training have significant and positive influences on Chinese expatriates' adjustment. Additionally, our results demonstrated that language training and previous overseas experience also have positive effects on Chinese expatriates' adjustment in Nigeria. The implications of these findings are also discussed.
Aerodynamics of an airfoil with leading‐edge icing
Authors: Vinnes Magnus K. , Hearst R. Jason 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe flow over the leading edge of an NREL S826 reference airfoil with three different icing‐inspired leading‐edge contamination geometries has been assessed experimentally. Particle image velocimetry was performed on the leading edge of the airfoil for a range of angles‐of‐attack between −4° and 16°. This work primarily focuses on the flow physics at Reynolds numbers (Rec = 455 000) within the Reynolds number independent regime of the airfoil. The present work illuminates our understanding of the flow phenomena as well as provides a validation dataset for future numerical work. From the acquired data, the mean velocity, turbulent kinetic energy and mean vorticity have been estimated. The results show how the different contamination geometries affect the point of separation. It is also shown that the intermittency of the flow behind horn‐shaped contamination is dependent on the angle‐of‐attack, even at angles above stall. Proper orthogonal decomposition was performed on the velocity fields to identify whether reduced order modelling is an appropriate tool for rapid estimation of these flows. It was found that a limited number of modes carried a large fraction of the fluctuating energy, demonstrating that reduced order modelling is feasible.
The “Bestsellers” of al-Andalus
Authors: Fierro Maribel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere is almost no library holding Arabic manuscripts that does not include copies of some works written by Andalusi scholars, such as al-Shāṭibı̄’s (d. 590/1194) poem on Qur’ānic readings and Ibn Mālik al-Jayyānı̄’s (d. 672/1274) poem on grammar. The popularity of these and other works—related in some cases to their didacticism and in others to their encyclopaedic character—can now be ascertained thanks to the database Historia de los Autores y Transmisores Andalusíes. But why did they become so popular given that similar works produced outside al-Andalus also enjoyed circulation in the Islamic world? Are these works today those that enjoy greater popularity from among the Andalusi production? This chapter aims to provide answers to these and other questions.
Kritische Betrachtung des Referentenentwurfs zum Erneuerbaren-Energien-Gesetz 2021 im Hinblick auf die Stromerzeugung
aus Photovoltaik
Authors: Flecken Jan 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungAufgrund der rasch wechselnden Entwicklungen in der Energiebranche müssen die entsprechenden
Rahmenbedingungen im EEG sowie im übrigen Recht regelmäßig justiert werden. Deshalb hat
das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie am 14. September 2020 den Gesetzesentwurf zur Novellierung
des EEG veröffentlicht und den Ländern und Branchenverbänden zur Konsultation zukommen lassen.
Mit diesem Gesetzesentwurf soll das geltende EEG 2017 durch ein grundlegend novelliertes EEG ersetzt werden.
Die folgende Ausarbeitung beschreibt die wichtigsten Änderungen in Hinblick auf die Stromerzeugung
aus Photovoltaik. Außerdem werden die geplanten Änderungen mit Hilfe von zahlreichen Stellungnahmen
von Branchenvertretern kritisch betrachet und mögliche einheitliche Kritikmuster identifiziert.
Acting Surprised: Comparing Perceptions of Different Dynamic Deliberate Expressions
Authors: Zloteanu Mircea , Krumhuber Eva G. , Richardson Daniel C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPeople are accurate at classifying emotions from facial expressions but much poorer at determining if such expressions are spontaneously felt or deliberately posed. We explored if the method used by senders to produce an expression influences the decoder’s ability to discriminate authenticity, drawing inspiration from two well-known acting techniques: the Stanislavski (internal) and Mimic method (external). We compared spontaneous surprise expressions in response to a jack-in-the-box (genuine condition), to posed displays of senders who either focused on their past affective state (internal condition) or the outward expression (external condition). Although decoders performed better than chance at discriminating the authenticity of all expressions, their accuracy was lower in classifying external surprise compared to internal surprise. Decoders also found it harder to discriminate external surprise from spontaneous surprise and were less confident in their decisions, perceiving these to be similarly intense but less genuine-looking. The findings suggest that senders are capable of voluntarily producing genuine-looking expressions of emotions with minimal effort, especially by mimicking a genuine expression. Implications for research on emotion recognition are discussed.
Computer Vision Approaches for Segmentation of Nanoscale Precipitates in Nickel-Based Superalloy IN718
Authors: Senanayake Nishan M. , Carter Jennifer L. W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExtracting accurate volume fraction and size measurements ofγ″ andγ′ precipitates in iron-based superalloys from micrographs is challenging and conventionally involves manual image processing due to their smaller size, and similar crystal structures and chemistries. The co-precipitation of composite particles further complicates automated segmentation. In this work, different types of traditional machine learning approaches and a convolutional neural network (CNN) were compared to a non-machine learning approach, for the segmentation of the composite particles ofγ″ andγ′ precipitates. The objective was to optimize metrics of segmentation accuracy and the required computational resources. The data set contains 47 experimentally generated scanning electron micrographs of IN718 alloy samples, computationally increased to 188 images (900 × 900 px). All algorithms are containerized using singularity, publicly available, and can be modified without dependencies. The CNN and the random forest models achieve 95% and 94% accuracy, respectively, on the test images with better computational efficiency than the non-machine learning algorithm. The CNN tested accurately over a range of imaging conditions.
Evaluation of a home-based 7-day infection control strategy for healthcare workers following high-risk exposure to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A cohort study
Authors: Benea Carla , Rendon Laura , Papenburg Jesse , Frenette Charles , Imacoudene Ahmed , McDonald Emily G. , Nguyen Quoc D. , Rajda Ewa , Tran Estelle , Vameghestahbanati Motahareh , Benedetti Andrea , Behr Marcel A. , Smith Benjamin M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjective:Evidence-based infection control strategies are needed for healthcare workers (HCWs) following high-risk exposure to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, we evaluated the negative predictive value (NPV) of a home-based 7-day infection control strategy.Methods:HCWs advised by their infection control or occupational health officer to self-isolate due to a high-risk SARS-CoV-2 exposure were enrolled between May and October 2020. The strategy consisted of symptom-triggered nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing from day 0 to day 7 after exposure and standardized home-based nasopharyngeal swab and saliva testing on day 7. The NPV of this strategy was calculated for (1) clinical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis from day 8–14 after exposure, and for (2) asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 detected by standardized nasopharyngeal swab and saliva specimens collected at days 9, 10, and 14 after exposure. Interim results are reported in the context of a second wave threatening this essential workforce.Results:Among 30 HCWs enrolled, the mean age was 31 years (SD, ±9), and 24 (80%) were female. Moreover, 3 were diagnosed with COVID-19 by day 14 after exposure (secondary attack rate, 10.0%), and all cases were detected using the 7-day infection control strategy: the NPV for subsequent clinical COVID-19 or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 detection by day 14 was 100.0% (95% CI, 93.1%–100.0%).Conclusions:Among HCWs with high-risk exposure to SARS-CoV-2, a home-based 7-day infection control strategy may have a high NPV for subsequent COVID-19 and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 detection. Ongoing data collection and data sharing are needed to improve the precision of the estimated NPV, and here we report interim results to inform infection control strategies in light of a second wave threatening this essential workforce.
Whither the Global in Chinese Higher Education? The Production of Space in China's “New Era” Universities
Authors: McDougall James I. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSince the 1990s, not only have China's universities become more in line with global standards but they now set them in some areas. This paper looks at how the production of space in Chinese higher education is employed in “new era” China to manage contested sites of globalization. From the spatial practice of scholarship to the representational spaces that map the educational bureaucracy, the production of space in Chinese higher education helps to organize social relations. This paper argues that the production of space in Chinese higher education is used to manage conflicts between global flows and localization as well as to serve national priorities. The paper contributes to ongoing discussions of the globalization of higher education and cultural studies of space and spatiality in contemporary China.
Antihypertensive effects and safety of esaxerenone in patients with moderate kidney dysfunction
Authors: Ito Sadayoshi , Itoh Hiroshi , Rakugi Hiromi , Okuda Yasuyuki , Iijima Setsuko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRenin–angiotensin system inhibitors are recommended for treating hypertension with chronic kidney disease. The addition of a mineralocorticoid receptor blocker may be one option to achieve target blood pressure. We investigated the efficacy and safety of esaxerenone, a mineralocorticoid receptor blocker, in Japanese hypertensive patients with moderate kidney dysfunction. Two multicenter, open-label, nonrandomized dose escalation studies were conducted to investigate esaxerenone monotherapy and add-on therapy to renin–angiotensin system inhibitor treatment. Esaxerenone therapy was initiated at 1.25 mg/day and titrated to 2.5 and then 5 mg/day for a treatment duration of 12 weeks. Primary endpoints were changes from baseline in sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratios were also assessed. Thirty-three patients received monotherapy, and 58 received add-on therapy; the mean baseline estimated glomerular filtration rates were 51.9 and 50.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. The esaxerenone dosage was increased to ≥2.5 mg/day in 100% (n = 33) and 93.1% (n = 54) of patients receiving monotherapy and add-on therapy, respectively. Reductions in sitting blood pressure from baseline to the end of treatment were similar (monotherapy: −18.5/−8.8 mmHg; add-on therapy: −17.8/−8.1 mmHg; both P < 0.001). The antihypertensive effects of esaxerenone were consistent across patient subgroups. A serum K+ level ≥5.5 mEq/L was observed in seven patients (12.1%) receiving add-on therapy but in none receiving monotherapy. All increases in serum K+ levels were transient, and no patient met predefined serum K+ level criteria for dose reduction or therapy discontinuation. No patient discontinued treatment owing to kidney function decline. Esaxerenone was effective and well tolerated in hypertensive patients with moderate kidney dysfunction.
Human kidney clonal proliferation disclose lineage-restricted precursor characteristics
Authors: Cohen-Zontag Osnat , Gershon Rotem , Harari-Steinberg Orit , Kanter Itamar , Omer Dorit , Pleniceanu Oren , Tam Gal , Oriel Sarit , Ben-Hur Herzel , Katz Guy , Dotan Zohar , Kalisky Tomer , Dekel Benjamin , Pode-Shakked Naomi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn-vivo single cell clonal analysis in the adult mouse kidney has previously shown lineage-restricted clonal proliferation within varying nephron segments as a mechanism responsible for cell replacement and local regeneration. To analyze ex-vivo clonal growth, we now preformed limiting dilution to generate genuine clonal cultures from one single human renal epithelial cell, which can give rise to up to 3.4 * 106 cells, and analyzed their characteristics using transcriptomics. A comparison between clonal cultures revealed restriction to either proximal or distal kidney sub-lineages with distinct cellular and molecular characteristics; rapidly amplifying de-differentiated clones and a stably proliferating cuboidal epithelial-appearing clones, respectively. Furthermore, each showed distinct molecular features including cell-cycle, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, oxidative phosphorylation, BMP signaling pathway and cell surface markers. In addition, analysis of clonal versus bulk cultures show early clones to be more quiescent, with elevated expression of renal developmental genes and overall reduction in renal identity markers, but with an overlapping expression of nephron segment identifiers and multiple identity. Thus, ex-vivo clonal growth mimics the in-vivo situation displaying lineage-restricted precursor characteristics of mature renal cells. These data suggest that for reconstruction of varying renal lineages with human adult kidney based organoid technology and kidney regeneration ex-vivo, use of multiple heterogeneous precursors is warranted.
Identifying transcription factors that reduce wood recalcitrance and improve enzymatic degradation of xylem cell wall in Populus
Authors: Hori Chiaki , Takata Naoki , Lam Pui Ying , Tobimatsu Yuki , Nagano Soichiro , Mortimer Jenny C. , Cullen Dan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDeveloping an efficient deconstruction step of woody biomass for biorefinery has been drawing considerable attention since its xylem cell walls display highly recalcitrance nature. Here, we explored transcriptional factors (TFs) that reduce wood recalcitrance and improve saccharification efficiency in Populus species. First, 33 TF genes up-regulated during poplar wood formation were selected as potential regulators of xylem cell wall structure. The transgenic hybrid aspens (Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides) overexpressing each selected TF gene were screened for in vitro enzymatic saccharification. Of these, four transgenic seedlings overexpressing previously uncharacterized TF genes increased total glucan hydrolysis on average compared to control. The best performing lines overexpressing Pt × tERF123 and Pt × tZHD14 were further grown to form mature xylem in the greenhouse. Notably, the xylem cell walls exhibited significantly increased total xylan hydrolysis as well as initial hydrolysis rates of glucan. The increased saccharification of Pt × tERF123-overexpressing lines could reflect the improved balance of cell wall components, i.e., high cellulose and low xylan and lignin content, which could be caused by upregulation of cellulose synthase genes upon the expression of Pt × tERF123. Overall, we successfully identified Pt × tERF123 and Pt × tZHD14 as effective targets for reducing cell wall recalcitrance and improving the enzymatic degradation of woody plant biomass.
Utilization of silicon nanowire field-effect transistors for the detection of a cardiac biomarker, cardiac troponin I and their applications involving animal models
Authors: Chang Shih-Mein , Palanisamy Sathyadevi , Wu Tung-Ho , Chen Chiao-Yun , Cheng Kai-Hung , Lee Chen-Yi , Yuan Shyng-Shiou F. , Wang Yun-Ming 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study develops an ultrasensitive electrical device, the silicon nanowire-field effect transistor (SiNW-FET) for detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in obesity induced myocardial injury. The biosensor device utilizes metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) compatible top-down methodology for the fabrication process. After fabrication, the surface of the SiNW is modified with the cTnI monoclonal antibody (Mab-cTnI) upon covalent immobilization to capture cTnI antigen. The sensitivity of the device is also examined using cTnI at different concentrations with the lowest detection limit of 0.016 ng/mL. The electrocardiogram (ECG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and superior vena cave (SVC) provide more information about cardiac responses in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Further, magnetic resonance imaging helps to evaluate the cardiac output of an obesity induced myocardial injury mouse model. These methods play an essential role in monitoring the obesity based cardiac injury and hence, these studies were carried out. This is the first report to use the ECG, MRI, and SVC sampling methods to study the obesity based cardiac injury involving Syrian hamsters as animal models. The proposed SiNW-FET in this study shows greater sensitivity than the previously developed devices and demonstrates great potential for future applications in point-of-care (POC) diagnosis.