bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Push-Ups are Able to Predict the Bench Press 1-RM and Constitute an Alternative for Measuring Maximum Upper Body Strength Based on Load-Velocity Relationships
Authors: Tillaar Roland van den , Ball Nick 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aims of this study were firstly to compare the similarity in upper-body muscle activation between the bench press and push-up at similar loads, and secondly to establish a 1-RM prediction equation between the two exercises based upon the load-velocity relationship. Twenty resistance-trained male athletes (age 22.5 ± 5.24 years, body mass 83.7 ± 10.7 kg, body height 1.80 ± 0.06 m) performed push-ups and bench presses with four different loads. Push-ups were performed without a weight vest and with a 10-20-30 kg weight vest. Bench presses were performed at 50-80% of athletes’ assumed 1 repetition max (1-RM) in 10 kg steps, while a linear encoder measured performance during the exercises. A load-velocity relationship was established as a product of the load and velocity for the push-up and bench press per participant and the equation was used to establish a predicted 1-RM. Mean muscle activation of eight upper body muscles was recorded for each exercise and each load. The main findings of this study demonstrate an extremely large association between the predicted 1-RM loads performed with the push-up and bench press (r = 0.93) in experienced resistance trained men. Furthermore, most muscles showed similar activations between the two exercises with the different loads except the deltoid and biceps brachii muscles. It may be concluded that it is possible to predict a cross-over 1-RM between the two exercises based upon the load-velocity relationship in each exercise, and that training push-ups largely targets the same muscles as the bench press except the deltoid and biceps muscles. For coaches and athletes, the use of this method is a low cost and time-effective alternative for standard 1-RM bench press testing to predict maximal upper body strength.
Analysis of Morphofunctional Variables Associated with Performance in Crossfit® Competitors
Authors: Gómez-Landero Luis Arturo , Frías-Menacho Juan Miguel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
CrossFit® is a competitive sport and fitness modality characterized by multiple physical capabilities and multi-joint movements. This study aimed to analyse and classify variables related to CrossFit® competitors’ specific performance. Fifteen male CrossFit® competitors were selected (n = 15; 30.57 ± 5.5 years; 1.76 ± 0.06 m; 78.55 ± 9.12 kg). Mean values were obtained for body mass index (25.3 ± 2.14 kg/m2), 4 skinfolds, 1 repetition maximum in the squat (137.60 ± 19.65 kg) and the bench press (101.67 ± 10.64 kg), maximum pull-ups (18.87 ± 5.05), sit-ups in 60 s (46.60 ± 4.22), peak power in the countermovement jump (3908.04 ± 423.68 W), VO2max with a shuttle run test (47.70 ± 4.79 ml kg-1·min-1), and time in the Workout of the Day (WOD) “Fran” (337.13 ± 119.19 s) and “Donkey Kong” (417.47 ± 98.44 s) components. Principal component analysis was conducted to classify variables and to select those most related to each new component (“strength and muscle mass”, “adiposity” and “aerobic capacity”). The correlation matrix was analysed, indicating significant correlations between “Donkey Kong” and VO2max (r = -.675; p “ .01), suprailiac skinfold (r = .713; p “ .01) and sit-ups (r = -.563; p “ .05); and between “Fran” and squat (r = -.528; p “ .05). Three important components characterizing CrossFit® competitors were identified: “strength and muscle mass”, low “adiposity” and “aerobic capacity”. Significant relationships between morphofunctional variables and Crossfit® performance were found in Crossfit® competitors.
Does Photobiomodulation Therapy Enhance Maximal Muscle Strength and Muscle Recovery?
Authors: Tsuk Sharon , Lev Yarden Har , Fox Orly , Carasso Rafael , Dunsky Ayelet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Photobiomodulation has been shown to improve tissue and cell functions. We evaluated the influence of photobiomodulation, using a B-Cure laser, on: 1) maximal performance, and 2) muscle recovery after resistance exercise. Two separate crossover randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trials were conducted. Sixty healthy physical education students (28 men, 32 women), aged 20-35, were recruited (30 participants for each trial). Participants performed two interventions for each experiment, with real lasers (GaAlAs, 808 nm) on three quadricep locations in parallel (overall treatment energy of ~150J) or sham (placebo) treatment. In the first experiment muscle total work (TW) and peak torque (PT) were measured by an isokinetic dynamometer in five repetitions of knee extension, and in the second experiment muscle recovery was measured after the induction of muscle fatigue by evaluating TW and PT in five repetitions of knee extension. There were no differences between treatments (real or sham) regarding the TW (F(1,28) = 1.09, p = .31), or PT (F(1,29) = .056, p = .814). In addition, there was no effect of photobiomodulation on muscle recovery as measured by the TW (F(1,27) = .16, p = .69) or PT (F(1,29) = .056, p = .814). Applying photobiomodulation for 10 min immediately before exercise did not improve muscle function or muscle recovery after fatigue.
Set-to-set Performance Variation in Tennis Grand Slams: Play with Consistency and Risks
Authors: Cui Yixiong , Liu Haoyang , Gómez Miguel-Ángel , Liu Hongyou , Gonçalves Bruno 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The study analysed the set-to-set variation in performance using match statistics of 146 completed main-draw matches in Australian Open and US Open 2016-2017 men’s singles. Comparisons of technical-tactical and physical performance variables were done between different sets; and the within-match coefficients of variation (CV) of these variables were contrasted between match winning and losing players. All comparisons were realized via standardized (Cohen’s d) mean differences and uncertainty in the true differences was assessed using non-clinical magnitude-based inferences. Results showed that there was possibly to very likely decreases in the serve, net and running related variables (mean difference, ±90%CL: -0.16, ±0.14 to -0.45, ±0.24, small) and an increase in the return and winner related variables (0.17, ±0.24 to 0.24, ±0.14, small) in the last sets when compared to the initial sets, indicating the influence of match fatigue and the player’s choice of match tactics and pacing strategy. Besides, winning players were revealed to have lower CV values in most of performance variables (-0.16, ±0.24 to -0.82, ±0.23, small to moderate) except for the second serve, winner, and physical performance variables (0.25, ±0.26 to 1.6, ±0.25, small to large), indicating that they would sacrifice the consistency to gain more aggressiveness and to dominate the match.
The Applications of Landing Strategies in Badminton Footwork Training on a Backhand Side Lateral Jump Smash
Authors: Hung Min-Hao , Chang Chi-Yao , Lin Kuo-Chuan , Hung Chia-Ling , Ho Chin-Shan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Previous research in badminton has associated unilateral landings following overhead strokes with the occurrence of knee injuries. Smashing involves tensing the abdomen muscles while swinging the racket rapidly and maintaining one’s balance while performing coordinated movements and steps; this process puts stress on the player’s lower limbs. However, few studies have compared the effects of different stroke training while performing various types of badminton strokes. This study investigated the influence of different stroke training on the smash action of badminton players. Three stroke training conditions were considered: shadow, target striking, and smashing. Sixteen male experienced badminton players were recruited for this study. One-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction was used to identify the differences. At the initial contact with the ground, the knee flexion and knee valgus angles under the smash condition were significantly higher than target and shadow conditions. Under the smash condition, hip abduction was significantly higher than under the target and shadow conditions. Moreover, the hip abduction under the target condition was significantly higher than under the shadow condition. At the maximum knee flexion, the hip abduction under the smash and target conditions was significantly higher than under the shadow condition. Regarding the time from the moment of initial contact to the peak of vertical ground reaction force it was shorter under the smash condition than the target and shadow conditions. The vertical ground reaction force was higher under the smash condition than under the target and shadow conditions. The 50 ms impulse was higher under the smash condition than under the target and shadow conditions. The main findings of this study are that under the smash condition, the motion in the frontal plane increased, which produced higher loads on the joints in the lower limbs. Player performed the same footwork under the three conditions, but the landing strategies differed because of unique swing motions and techniques. The condition under which a player hits a shot to a target area can affect the landing. The results of this study suggest that target practice is more effective for improving the landing technique employed during actual shots than shadow practice.
Can Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Improve Athletic Performance? A Systematic Review
Authors: Pagaduan Jeffrey Cayaban , Chen Yung-Sheng , Fell James William , Wu Sam Shi Xuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effect of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on performance of athletes. Six electronic databases (Springerlink, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PROQUEST Academic Research Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) and article references were searched. Eligibility criteria were: 1. experimental studies involving athletes randomly allocated among groups (randomized control trial); 2. availability of HRV BFB as a treatment compared to a control condition (CON) that involves regular sport/dance training, a placebo (PLA) or other methods of BFB; 3. performance-related variables such as a dependent index; and, 4. peer-reviewed articles written in English. Out of 660 articles, six studies were included in the systematic review which involved 187 athletes (females: n = 89; males n = 98). Six studies compared HRV BFB with a CON, three studies compared HRV BFB with a PLA, and two studies differentiated HRV BFB with other methods of BFB. Findings support HRV BFB as a potential intervention to improve fine and gross motor function in athletes.
Surface micromorphology analysis of Cu/Ni nanocomposite thin films by power spectra density and fractal geometry
Authors: Nikpasand Kimia , Elahi Seyed Mohammad , SarI Amir Hossein , Boochani Arash 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) nanoparticles have been grown simultaneously on glass and silicon substrates by RF sputtering method to form three Cu/Ni nanocomposites at different deposition times. The existence of Cu and Ni peaks in the X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles confirms the crystalline structure of samples with Cu and Ni atomic content which have also been characterized by Rutherford backscattering (RBS) method. Moreover, the structural and morphological properties of the prepared nanocomposites have been compared with respect to their morphologies by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. In order to compare the surface roughness over different spatial frequency ranges and evaluate surface quality, power spectral density (PSD) of each sample has been extracted from AFM data and also, the experimental and theoretical results have been compared. The fractal nature of these nanocomposites has been finally discussed.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE MOTION PALLET PROCESS ON BRAKE MAGNETIC TYPE ROLLER
Authors: Sharifullin I. A. , Nosko A. L. , Safronov E. V. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction. One of the main elements of the safe operation of gravity roller conveyors used in pallet racks is a brake roller. The most promising design is the brake roller magnetic (eddy current) type. The operation principle of such rollers is based on the laws of electromagnetic induction and involves the braking of a conductor moving in a magnetic field, due to the interaction of eddy currents (or Foucault currents) arising in the volume of the conductor with an external magnetic field. However, in the market of warehouse shelving equipment, brake magnetic rollers are not widely used due to their high cost, which is primarily due to the lack of domestic designs and methods for their calculation. The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a magnetic type brake roller.Materials and methods. The paper presented the theoretical study results on the development of a mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a magnetic type brake roller, described in works on centrifugal friction rollers and eddy current brake devices.Results. The main parameter determining the functions of the brake magnetic roller and hence the speed of the pallet along the gravity roller conveyor is a magnetic viscosity coefficient. The speed dependence of the pallets on the brake magnetic roller for various values of a magnetic viscosity coefficient is determined, its analysis is carried out.Conclusions. A mathematical model of the moving pallets process on a brake magnetic roller is developed. The movement speed equation of the pallets on the brake magnetic roller is obtained. For a reasonable choice of the design parameters of the magnetic brake roller, experimental studies are required to determine a magnetic viscosity coefficient.
مشكلات أسر الشهداء والمصابين السعوديين وسبل الحد منها من منظور الخدمة الاجتماعية: دراسة ميدانية
Authors: Aljohani Hash Salem 
Published: July 2020

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على المشكلات التي تواجه أسر الشهداء السعوديين في جميع الأنساق (الصغرى والوسطى والكبرى) ومدى كفاية الخدمات المطلوبة لهم من المسؤولين والصعوبات التي تعترضها مع وضع تصور مقترح من منظور الخدمة الاجتماعية لمواجهتها وقد استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ومنهج المسح الاجتماعي بالعينة العمدية ممن تنطبق عليهم الشروط الخاصة بالعينة.
تكونت عينة الدراسة من أربع وسبعين أسرة من أسر الشهداء السعوديين والمصابين، وتم جمع العينة باستخدام الاستبانة طبقاً لأهداف الدراسة، وتم تحليل البيانات كميًّا وكيفيًّا بعد ربطها بالنظريات والدراسات السابقة والإطار النظري، وقد تم استخدام العديد من المعالجات الإحصائية المناسبة، وأكدت نتائج الدراسة أن أسر الشهداء والمصابين قد تأثرت بمشكلات من أهمها شعور أسرة الشهيد بالحزن والوحدة بعد الاستشهاد، وأكدت النتائج أن هناك العديد من الخدمات التي تم تقديمها بالفعل لأسر الشهداء والمصابين، بينما لا تزال هناك خدمات أخرى هذه الأسر بحاجة إليها، ومن أهم الصعوبات التي تعترض تقديم الخدمات للمستفيدين عدم معرفة أسرة الشهيد بحقوقهم.
وقد انتهت الدراسة إلى تصور مقترح من وجهة نظر الباحثة للحد من المشكلات التي تواجه أسر الشهداء والمصابين من منظور الخدمة الاجتماعية، يتضمن أهدافًا وإستراتيجيات وأدوارًا وأساليب مهنية ومنفذين، ومجموعة من التوصيات التي تتعلق بتقديم الخدمات، ومنها على سبيل المثال المندوب الزائر والفريق الميداني لمتابعة أسر الشهداء في بيوتهم وغيرها من التوصيات الأخرى.
The Models of Character and Akhlaq Education for Special Needs Children in An Inclusion School
Authors: Drajat Manpan , Mohd Nor Mohd Roslan 
Published: July 2020

The law stresses that education is the right of all citizens, including children with special needs. The need for education is the same as school-age children in general, but the training provided is adjusted to the specifics of the children. It is certainly guaranteed that all children need character education and akhlaqul karimah. This research aims to explore how character education and akhlaq in children with special needs in Al-Ghazali Jatinangor Inclusion Elementary School. The method used is phenomenological quality research. The data is collected in by observations, interviews, documentations, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Then, it was analyzed using interactive analysis techniques. The results indicate that the education program at Al-Ghazali Inclusion Elementary School is different from most other elementary schools. It has long hours of activities and most of the time conducted at school activities are filled with daily routines that build consistent characters and akhlaqul karimah for both children.
A comparison of Science Integration Implementation in Two State Islamic Universities in Indonesia
Authors: Sayuti Wahdi , Rahiem Maila D.H. 
Published: July 2020

The transformation of IAIN (State Institute for Islamic Studies) into UIN (State Islamic University) cannot be isolated from discourses on identity, concepts, aspirations of the standard of Islamic education and its goal to incorporate the principle of integration of science. However, since the transformation of these institutions, the integration of science practice still appears at the normative-philosophical level and is not yet in the empirical-implementation domain. The aim of this study is, therefore, to reveal and explain the implementation of the integration of the science concept at the technical-operational level, which focuses on the curriculum design and learning process at UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta and UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The results of the study showed that these two universities have similarities in the concept of the integration of science and have almost the same objectives, i.e., decreasing the dichotomy of science between religious and general science. However, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang has a more organized and structured approach to the idea of integration, from theory and framework to the practice of curriculum design and the learning process.
Railway Engineering Experimental Teaching Research Based on the Combination of Field Experiment and Virtual Reality (VR) Technology——Taking Central South University as an Example
Authors: Zeng Zhiping , Zhu Zhihui , Wang Weidong , Lou Ping , Li Wei , Yan Bin , Ji Hu 
Published: July 2020

At present, rail transit is developing rapidly in the world, and this means new and changing requirements for the training of talents in railway engineering experiments. Given the current problems of limited laboratory/field instruments for railway engineering experimentsand the safety/administrative difficulties of going to the frontline of railway lines to teach railway engineering experiemnts in the field, the Department of Railway Engineering of Central South University tried to introduce virtual reality (VR) technology to teach students experiments in the field of railway engineering. Through the virtualized experimental methods, students can carry out railway engineering experiments such as; vehicle wheel pair off-axis experiments, track geometry and position detection, etc by immersive means. It was observed that after performing virtual simulation experiments, students appeared conversant in subsequent field experiments. Thus, VR greatly improves the teaching efficiency of railway engineering experiments.
CURAHANAN TENAGA KERJA DAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) TERHADAP PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI (Studi di Desa Purabaya Kecamatan Purabaya Sukabumi Jawa Barat)
Authors: Suryana Dede , Miftah Himmatul , Yodfiatfinda Yodfiatfinda 
Published: July 2020

Permintaan ubikayu yang meningkat tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan pendapatan petaninya. Untuk menutupi pengeluaran rumahtangganya petani bekerja di bidang kegiatan non pertanian . Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga dan kontribusi usahatani ubikayu terhadap total pendapatan rumah tangga petani. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Purabaya Kecamatan Purabaya kabupaten Sukabumi, dilaksanakan bulan April sampai dengan Bulan Juni 2013. Lokasi dipilih secara purposive secara Simpel Random Sampling jumlah sampel 36 petani. Kesimpulannya Rata-rata pendapatan rumah tangga peani sebesar Rp. 5.721.639 per tahun atau sebesar Rp. 476.800 per bulan. Kontibusi Pendapatan usaha ubikayu sebesar 59 persen , dari usahatani non ubikayu sebesar 9 persen dan di luar usahatani yaitu dagang dan jasa sebesar 32 persen dari total pendapatan rumah tangga Rp 40.553.344,-Kata kunci : Ubi kayu, Pendapatan usahatani, Tenaga kerja
MACHINE-READABLE TRAVEL DOCUMENTS IN AVIATION SECURITY AND INFORMATION PRIVACY: AN ISLAMIC LAW PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mustapha Ismail Adua 
Published: July 2020

For the purpose of preventing civil aviation offences and maintaining security of civil aviation, passengers are required to give biometric information which must be stored in the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) approved Machine Readable Travel Documents (MTRDs) and that such information obtained should be adequately secured against skimming and eavesdropping. Since its inception, many countries including the Islamic countries have adopted the machine to process information of passengers coming in and going out of their states. Academic writers have written on the challenges of skimming and eavesdropping as they are related to information privacy versus aviation security in the conventional law but the Islamic law position has not been dealt with. The article therefore attempts to explore the Islamic law position on the use of Machine Readable Travel Documents (MRTDs) and the challenges being posed to aviation security. The paper is qualitative in nature and relies on primary and secondary sources of Islamic law to argue its position. The paper finds that Islamic law expressly preserves individual’s information privacy and that skimming and eavesdropping are allowed to promote public security and prevention of evil. Its further provides punishment for whoever transgresses against information privacy. It concludes that the adoption of MRTDs to obtain information about private affairs of passengers is in line with the principle of Islamic law.
Beauvoir and Writing as the Creation of the Self
Authors:   Liesbeth Schoonheim
Published: July 2020

Kate Kirkpatrick, Becoming Beauvoir: A Life (London: Bloomsbury, 2019), xiv + 476 pp. ISBN: 9781–350–04717–4Simone de Beauvoir, Diary of a Philosophy Student: Volume 2, 1928–29. The Beauvoir Series. Edited by Barbara Klaw, Sylvie Le Bon de Beauvoir, Margaret Simons, and Marybeth Timmerman; translated by Barbara Klaw; series edited by Margaret Simons and Sylvie Le Bon de Beauvoir (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2019), xii + 374 pp. ISBN: 978–0-252–04254–6
Book Reviews
Authors: Shuttleworth Kyle Michael James , Farrell Fox Nik 
Published: July 2020

George Pattison and Kate Kirkpatrick, The Mystical Sources of Existentialist Thought: Being, Nothingness, Love (New York: Routledge, 2019) 228 pp., ISBN-13: 978-1138092372 (hardback)Oliver Davis and Colin Davis, eds, Freedom and the Subject of Theory: Essays in Honour of Christina Howells (Cambridge: Legenda, 2019) vii + 216 pp. ISBN: 978-178188-7332 (hardback)