bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Діагностично-лікувальний алгоритм комплексного хірургічного менеджменту хворих з новоутвореннями надниркових залоз
Authors: Tovkay O.A. 
Published: February 2020

Актуальність. Проблемне поле застосування лапароскопічної адреналектомії зводиться до формулювання універсальних показань і протипоказань до операції у пацієнтів з пухлинами надниркових залоз (НЗ). Мета дослідження — розробити діагностично-лікувальний алгоритм комплексного хірургічного менеджменту хворих на патологію надниркових залоз із використанням відеоендоскопічних втручань та оцінити його клінічну ефективність. Матеріали та методи. Проаналізовано результати лікування 813 пацієнтів, яким було виконане відеоендоскопічне втручання з приводу патології НЗ. Результати. Проаналізовано результати оперативних втручань в Українському науково-практичному центрі ендокринної хірургії, трансплантації ендокринних органів і тканин МОЗ України впродовж трьох основних етапів. На першому етапі (1995–2003 рр.) проводились оперативні втручання на НЗ відкритим доступом. Другий етап (2004–2014 рр.) бере початок від дати виконання першої лапароскопічної адреналектомії в клініці центру. Третій етап (2015–2016 рр.) характеризується періодом впровадження розробок в медичну практику та їх використання. Запропонований діагностично-лікувальний алгоритм покращив результати лікування пацієнтів із захворюваннями надниркових залоз завдяки диференціальному підходу до вибору методів обстеження та визначення лікувальної тактики, вибору методу оперативного втручання. Це дозволило знизити частоту післяопераційних ускладнень до 0,5 %, післяопераційної летальності — до 0,2 %, скоротити час перебування в стаціонарі та час соціальної і трудової реабілітації хворих. Висновки. Сучасні підходи до хірургічного лікування захворювань НЗ ґрунтуються на широкому впровадженні високоефективних і малоінвазивних технологій, сприяють перегляду деяких традиційних позицій діагностичної та лікувальної тактики. Вибір операційного доступу має бути строго індивідуальним і враховувати розміри, характер новоутворення, його анатомо-топографічні взаємовідносини з оточуючими органами і тканинами, конституційні особливості пацієнта.
ACUTE ORAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF HOLOTHURIA ATRA IN MICE
Authors: SALIM HANAFI PANDU , SUTRISNO AJI , MURNIASIH TUTIK , HARIJONO  , YUNOVILSA PUTRA MASTERIA , UNTARI FEBRIANA 
Published: February 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the toxicological potential of the ethanol extract of Holothuria atra through the acute oral toxicity – acute toxic class method.
Methods: The sample was immersed in ethanol for 72 h at room temperature and repeated 3 times. The extracts were evaporated using a vacuum rotary evaporator. The identification of compounds in the ethanol extract of H. atra was carried out using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis. The acute toxicity test was examined the effects of treating male mice with the ethanol extract of H. atra at 300 and 2000 mg/kg by oral administration for 14 days. On the past day of the toxicity test, liver of all experimental animals was taken for histopathological testing.
Results: LCMS analysis showed that the ethanol extract of H. atra is contained polar compounds (chlorogenic acid, coumaric acid, a glycosaminoglycan, and holothurin) and non-polar compounds (fatty acids). Acute toxicity study was performed at a dose of 300 and 2000 mg/kg for 14 consecutive days. No deaths or behavioral changes were observed during the administration of both doses. Histopathological test results on the liver showed a few changes at doses of 2000 mg/kg.
Conclusions: The LD50 is equal to 5000 mg/kg and the ethanol extracts of H. atra can be classified as practically nontoxic. However, further studies are required to proceed to clinical studies in humans.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-ALZHEIMER ACTIVITY OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF COSTUS PICTUS D. DON LEAVES IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Authors: KHOOSHBU PASHA , ANSARI IMTIYAZ 
Published: February 2020

Objective: The aim was to assess the effect of anti-Alzheimer’s activity of the alcoholic extract of Costus pictus D. Don Leaves in Alzheimer induce Wistar albino rats.
Methods: In the present study, the efficacy of an Extract of Costus pictus D. Don (ECPDD) was evaluated against scopolamine-induced Alzheimer in the Wistar albino rat. Donepezil at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, ECPDD was given in rat at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, 150 mg/kg body weight, and 200 mg/kg body weight. Anti-Alzheimer activity was assessed by victimization novel object recognition test, elevated plus maze, and Y-maze. And by biochemical test like neurotransmitter esterase activity, catalase activity, malonyldialdehyd and glutathione assays.
Results: Results showed that extracts treatment prevents Alzheimer and increases the level of acetylcholine, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and phytochemical studies identified the presence of flavonoid and alkaloid in the ECPDD.
Conclusion: According to the results, it was concluded that the leave of C. pictus D. Don has significant anti-Alzheimer activity due to the presence of potent antioxidants such as flavonoid and anticholinesterase enzyme present in alkaloids.
PHYTOCHEMISTRY SCREENING AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS PRESENT IN KARO TRADITIONAL OIL, AN INDONESIAN TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE
Authors: PRIMADINA NOVA , BASORI ACHMAD , S PERDANAKUSUMA DAVID 
Published: February 2020

Objective: The purpose of this research was to observe the bioactive compounds of Karo traditional oil by phytochemistry screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Alkaloid,
Results: Terpenoid and flavonoid compounds were found, and no polyphenol compound from phytochemistry screening and 16 constituents were identified from the GC-MS analysis, α-pinene was found as the major component (74.47%), delta-3-carene (9.62%), 1% of octane, dodecane, camphor, undecane, isodecane, sabinene, hexadecane, nonane, and <1% tridecane, cyclohexane, pentacosane, heptadecan, limonene, and camphene.
Conclusion: Karo traditional oil works as a potent anti-inflammation at the inflammation phase of the wound healing process by suppressing the pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote anti-inflammatory cytokines.
PARACOCCIDIOIDOMICOSE DUODENAL: UM ACOMETIMENTO RARO
Authors: Vaiciunas Spencer , Sá Bruno Henrique Durães de , Ribeiro Carla Lima , Panuci Guilherme Augusto Vassoler , Estrela Henrique Grécia , Manfroi Marianna Boaventura 
Published: February 2020

Paracoccidioidomicose (PCM) é uma micose causada pelas espécies Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Paracoccidioideslutzii, Paracoccidioides americana, Paracoccidioidesrestrepiensis e Paracoccidioidesvenezuelensis com alta incidência na América Latina. A infecção ocorre através da inalação de conídios ou micélios presentes em solos contaminados. O órgão mais acometido é o pulmão, mas a disseminação via linfo-hematogênica permite focos secundários. O acometimento do trato gastrointestinal é incomum e geralmente afeta o jejuno, íleo terminal, apêndice e cólon ascendente. O comprometimento duodenal é raro, encontrado em apenas 3% dos casos. O objetivo dessa revisão é reunir características da doença, a fim de elucidar e analisar seus pontos mais importantes a partir de bibliografias já publicadas. Foram utilizados 20 artigos encontrados em sites e revistas acadêmicas a partir das palavras-chaves "paracoccidioidomicose duodenal", “intestino” e "paracoccidioidomycosis”, “duodenum”, “enteropathy” e "intestine”, com critério de exclusão para artigos publicados antes de 2008. Os principais achados foram: residência em areal rural e ocupação agrícola como fatores de risco; apresentação clínica em forma aguda/subaguda e crônica. Constata-se que pela falta de pesquisas referentes ao acometimento gastrointestinal pela PCM, este tema permanece pouco elucidado e necessita de mais estudos para melhor compreensão de sua evolução clínica.
The Moderator Role of Information Technology: Specific Determinants of Competence on Lecturer Performance in Seafarer Private Vocational Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Kessi Andi Makkulawu Panyiwi , Dnurnajamuddin Mahfu , Semmaila Baharuddin , Zakaria Junaiddin 
Published: February 2020

We analyze the specific determinants of competence on lecturer performance as a moderator of information technology. The sampling method used is non-probability sampling that is 99 lecturers who work at 11 Seafarers Private Vocational Schools in Indonesia. The analysis used in hypothesis testing is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of WarpPLS Software version, 6.0. The results proved that the pedagogical competence (PDC) has a significant influence in improving lecturer performance (LCP), Personality or personal competence (PSC) is proven to increase lecturer performance (LCP). Social competence (SCC) has a significant positive effect on lecturer performance (LCP). Lecturers have the ability to manage learning while in the classroom; this is indicated by the ability of lecturers to master student characteristics so that they can present the material well. Professional competence (PFC) negative and no significant on lecturer performance (LCP). Seafarer technical competence (STC) negative insignificant effect on the lecturer performance (LCP), The Mastery of Information Technology (ITC) roles as a moderator can only be proven in testing the effect of Pedagogical competence (PDC) effect on lecturer performance (LCP), mean while in the other testing is not proven.
Kesesuaian Lethal Autonomous Weapon Systems dengan Rezim Kontrol Persenjataan Internasional
Authors: Nasution Muhammad , Sidik Hasan 
Published: February 2020

Pada Oktober 2001, drone dari Amerika Serikat dengan kemampuan otonom pertama kali dioperasikan yang kemudian memulai diskusi penggunaan senjata otonom di medan perang – lethal autonomous weapon systems. Dalam satu dekade terakhir, kuantitas dan kualitas dari senjata otonom meningkat. Sejalan dengan diskusi perkembangan regulasi yang intens. Teknologi otonom belum diregulasi secara jelas dalam rezim kontrol persenjataan internasional yang menjadikan legalitas dan etika penggunaannya tidak jelas. Untuk berkontribusi dalam diskusi terkait kesesuaian teknologi senjata otonom dengan rezim kontrol persenjataan internasional, tulisan ini akan menganalisa kesesuaian sistem senjata terkait degan menggunakan wadah Convention on Conventional Weapon sebagai badan untuk mengkaji senjata terbarukan. Hal ini dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi kesesuian senjata otonom dengan hukum humaniter internasional, Klausa Martens, dan implikasi etika penggunaan senjata. Tulisan ini kemudian menyarankan agar kontrol manusia dalam penggunaan senjata harus menjadi aspek utama yang diregulasi dan melihat tidak perlu adanya hukum baru yang harus dibentuk dalam meregulasi lethal autonomous weapon systems.
ANALISIS MANAJEMEN LABORATORIUM IPA TERHADAP KOMPETENSI PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Ardiansyah  
Published: February 2020

Natural Sciences learning laboratory activities are an integral part of teaching and learning activities, This shows how important the role of laboratory activities to achieve the goals of science education. Through laboratory activities, students will be given the opportunity to encourage curiosity and the desire to try, test and reason the theories obtained. The purpose of this study was to analyze the management of a science laboratory in SMP Negeri 4 Sojol. The research method uses qualitative methods and descriptive analysis. The research subjects were the head of the laboratory and the science subject teacher and the students at SMP Negeri 4 Sojol. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and student learning outcomes. Based on the results of the study, the availability of natural science practicum tools in SMP Negeri 4 Sojol, the average availability of practical tools and materials 68.33% classified as complete categories, the average presentation of the feasibility of practical tools and materials 90.67% included in the excellent category based on the Ministry of Education number 24 of 2007. the effectiveness of practicum implementation in SMP Negeri 4 Sojol is classified as effective category with an average presentation of practicum at 85%. Coupled with an average increase in cognitive competencies average preetest 58 increase in posttest by as much as 87 in addition to the average value of competence in the areas of psychomotor average preetest obtained 60 and posttest 90 showed a significant increase competency knowledge and skills of learners. Success in the cognitive domain will also have a positive impact on the development of the psychomotor domain (skills) of students. Management of laboratory facilities and infrastructure planning in improving the quality of learning in schools must be planned by the head of the laboratory, planning science teachers by preparing learning tools and identifying the subject matter to be practiced in the laboratory, laboratory administration governance supported by good organization from the leadership of policy makers in school. Implementation of laboratory facilities and infrastructure management in improving the quality of learning in schools including procurement, inventory, storage, structuring, use, and maintenance. Supervision carried out by the principal is in accordance with the provisions, to be more efficient the school should make a program or schedule of supervision processes to be more controlled and run well and smoothly.
Global sociology. Basic research strategies. Part I. Universalist approach
Authors: Polyakova N. L. 
Published: February 2020

The global sociology was formed at end of the XXthcentury — at the beginning of the XXIthcentury. It consists of a great number of sociological theories belonging to different sociological traditions with different methodological approaches. These theories have a common object field and a common vision of sociological problems which need to be analyzed. The aim of the article is to clarify and to give a theoretical structure to the object field of the global sociology as a specifie research sphere. This specifie sphere of sociological research has its own systemic character due to the unity of the object field. The object field of the global sociology is formed, first, by the processes which have shaped the contemporary global world and second, by the structure and order of this global world. The theoretical and methodological analysis of the theories which make up the global sociology shows that these theories can be divided into two large groups. The first group is formed by theories based on a universalist approach and a universalist vision of the actual global order. The universalist sociological perspective is rooted in the Enligtenmeht social philosophy, in the theories of development of classical sociology, in the original impulses of theories of modernization and Westernization. The uniting principle of all the mentioned theories is the common vision of the contemporary world as the one universal social space which to one extent or other transcends both concrete societies and nation-states. This large group of theories can be subdivided in two subgroups. The first subgroup of universalist theories views the contemporary global world with its order as a result of some original impulses of development of modernity. These impulses are being realized as the universal global order. The article analyzes the sociological theories of I. Wallerstein and A. Giddens as examples of such universalist theories. The second subgroup is formed by theories of globalization which are based on the analysis of the processes of digitalization, networking and also of new basic “mobilities” which are shaping a new global morphology of the space of “flows”. The theories of M. Castels, J. Urry and U. Beck are the examples of such universalis theories. The article also analyzes a global sociological universalist discourse which conceptualizes the global order through “theories of empire”.The Part I of the article is dedicated to universalis theories of global sociology. The Part II is dedicated to the second large group of theories of the contemporary global sociology. These theories are based on the civilization approach which views the contemporary world as a set of civilizations.
Downshifting as postmodernism in action
Authors: Barkov S. A. , Markeeva A. V. 
Published: February 2020

Downshifting is a phenomenon of the postmodernity. It could not exist in neither pre-industrial nor industrial society. If classical philosophy of postmodernism has debunked the idea of progress in theory, downshifters do this in practice. Downshifting has multiple causes. Resent restructurizations in organizations limited the possibility of the traditional vertical career path for many people. The process of globalization and familiarization with Eastern cultures has shown the arbitrariness of success as a major meaning of the human being’s life. The movement of people from centers of megalopolises to the outskirts and suburban areas enabled to realize the possibility of the life outside the “benefits of civilization”. The spread of freelancing has also become an important factor that allowed people to implement the life strategy of downshifting.Analysis of the Internet space (downshifting communities in social networks, content analysis of posts and comments about downshifting, online publications, etc.) revealed trends related to this strategy of professional and personal development. In particular, interest in downshifting is growing among various age audiences. In recent years, much very young man who have not yet begun their professional career actively discussed this social phenomenon and ideologically supported downshifting. It is also notable, the change in the popularity of different types of downshifting in Russia.Downshifting strategy regardless of the number of people who have use it, demonstrates a real understanding of social space as a multidimensional entity and limitations of the outdated and seemingly axiomatic ideas of the social dynamics.
Relationship between history of previous surgeries and pericardial involvement in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Authors: Kudaiberdiev Taalaibek 
Published: February 2020

Objective: We aimed to define whether timing and multiple surgeries have an impact on development of postpericardiotomy syndrome (PPS) and its complications.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and operative data of 40 patients with signs of PPS after cardiac surgery. Among them, 9 patients had signs of effusion (E) only and 31 patients had adhesive/ constrictive/constrictive-effusive (C) pericardial involvement.

Results: Patients in E only group had significantly larger E size (p=0.03), higher white blood cell count (p=0.014) and tendency to higher sedimentation rate (SR) as compared to C group. We found significantly longer period of hospital stay (p=0.042), higher number of redo surgeries (1.33(0.88) vs 0.67(0.50), p=0.008) and longer time past since latest surgery (102.91(97.49) vs. 0.14(0.38) months, p&lt;0.0001) in patients with C as compared to patients with E. Correlation analysis demonstrated positive correlation between E amount and SR (r=0.66, p0.008), and its negative correlation with number of reoperations (r=-0.83, p=-0.0001) and time related to operation (r=-0.69, p=0.001); while thickening of pericardium was related positively with C-reactive protein (r=0.59, p=0.026), and time related to operation (r=0.51, p=0.004). In our small preliminary selected series of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, PPS was complicated by signs of tamponade in 2.5% of patients and constriction in 7.5%.

Conclusion: Thus, postpericardiotomy effusions are associated with the shorter time from surgery and less number of redo-surgeries, and inflammation, while adhesive pericardial involvement more often develops in patients with longer period after surgery and thickening of pericardium is positively associated with increase of C-reactive protein levels and time related to operation.

Key words: pericardial effusion, constriction, cardiac surgery procedures
Phytochemical analysis of Gloriosa superba L. Using GC-MS from five different ecotypes of Tamil Nadu State, India
Authors: Paul Jasmine J.A. , Sundari T. , Balakrishnan V. 
Published: February 2020

Gloriosa superba L is an important medicinal plant and its seeds, tubers are used for medicine. To investigate the phyto-components of Gloriosa superba L collected from various habitats of Tamil Nadu state, India. In the present study, the phyto-components from the tubers of Gloriosa superba L cultivars from Sirumalai (GA1) Mulanoor (GA2), Thuraiyur (GA3), Konganapuram (GA4) and Vedaranyan (GA5) were extracted by ethanolic extract and the composition of chemicals and its concentration in the tubers were determined by Gas Chromatography – Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.Among the phyto-components GA1 shows 15 phyto-components, GA2 shows 13 phyto-components, GA3 shows that 8 phyto-components, GA4 shows 14 phyto-components and GA5 shows 13 phyto-components. GA1, GA2, GA4 and GA5 ecotypes possessed higher phyto-components. Colchichine is an important alkaloid of Gloriosa superba L was found in GA2, GA3, GA4 and GA5 accessions in good concentration. The results reveals that the geographical origin and climate condition of a accession causes polymorphisms in the accumulation of phyto-components, its composition and morphological traits in Gloriosa Superba L originating from different ecotypes of Tamil Nadu state.
INCIDÊNCIA DE FUNGOS TERMORRESISTENTES E PROPRIEDADES MICROBIOLÓGICAS DA POLPA DE CUPUAÇU CONGELADA (Theobroma grandiflorum Schum)
Authors: Andrade Gonçalves Marcela Vicente Vieira , Da Silva Janine Passos Lima , Rosenthal Amauri , Furtado Angela Aparecida Lemos , Calado Veronica Maria de Araújo 
Published: February 2020

Cupuaçu, também conhecido como cupu, cupuassu ou cupu-do-mato é uma das principais e mais consumidas frutas da região amazônica brasileira. O cupuaçu é uma fruta ácida, de sabor exótico e agradável, rico em compostos voláteis e sais minerais, pertence à família Sterculiacea, cuja denominação binomial é Theobroma grandiflorum schum. Esta fruta apresenta crescente utilização no Brasil para o mercado interno e externo, sendo comumente comercializada como polpa congelada. A polpa, que tem aroma e sabor muito apreciados, é utilizada para sucos, refrescos, sorvetes, doces, compotas, licores, iogurtes, concentrados, polpas desidratadas e aromatizantes. Apesar de sua importância, há poucos dados de caracterização e contaminação da polpa de cupuaçu. Portanto, amostras de polpa de cupuaçu foram avaliadas quanto a contagem total de bolores e leveduras, Coliformes a 35 e 45 ºC, Salmonella sp e ocorrência de fungos termorresistentes. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de aprimorar as boas práticas agrícolas e de fabricação e a implantação de sistemas de controle de qualidade para minimização dos riscos associados à contaminação por microrganismos.