bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of The Relationship Between CARDS TX and The HMGB1-TLRs-MyD88 Signaling Pathway in MPP
Authors: Fan Yujie , Ding Ying , Li Yuqin , Zhang Dandan , Yu Min , Zhou Weifang , Kong Xiaoxing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between community-acquired respiratory distress syndrome toxin (CARDS TX) and HMGB1-TLRs-MyD88 in Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and to examine the immune pathogenesis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Methods: Children who were diagnosed with MPP and examined by bronchoscopy were included in the MPP group. Additionally, children who underwent bronchoscopy because of bronchial foreign bodies in the same period were included in the control group. Gene expression of CARDS TX, high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Correlations between CARDS TX and HMGB1-TLRs-MyD88 were analyzed. Results: CARDS TX, HMGB1, TLR2, MyD88, and CD14 mRNA expression in BALF in the MPP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (all P< 0.05). CARDS TX mRNA expression was positively correlated with HMGB1, TLR2, MyD88, and CD14 mRNA expression (all P< 0.05). Furthermore, HMGB1 mRNA expression was positively correlated with TLR2, MyD88, and CD14 mRNA expression (all P< 0.05). Conclusions: CARDS TX may participate in the immune pathogenesis of MPP through the HMGB1-TLRs/CD14-MyD88 pathway.
The effects of positive spillover and work-family conflict on female academics’ psychological well-being
Authors: Farradinna Syarifah , Halim Fatimah Wati , Sulaiman Wan Shahrazad Wan 
Published: July 2020

<p>The issue of married women who work as academic lecturers is important to be studied. They are demanded to preserve their independence and increase intellectuality which then may decrease when they have children. This study aimed to examine whether positive spillover can reduce work-family or family-work conflict so as to improve psychological well-being. The subjects, who were screened with a random sampling technique, were 429 female lecturers working in universities in Riau. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple regression. The result showed that respondents have low psychological well-being and better family-work positive spillover. Multiple regression analysis showed that family-work positive spillover and family-work conflict simultaneously influenced psychological well-being. Therefore, it can be concluded that female lecturers prioritize completing home tasks over others, which reduces their psychological well-being at the workplace.</p>
Transcriptional Dysregulation in Huntington’s Disease: The Role in Pathogenesis and Potency for Pharmacological Targeting
Authors: Pogoda Aleksandra , Chmielewska Natalia , Maciejak Piotr , Szyndler Janusz 
Published: July 2020

:
Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by a
mutation in the gene that encodes a critical cell regulatory protein, huntingtin (Htt). The expansion
of cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide repeats causes improper folding of
functional proteins and is an initial trigger of pathological changes in the brain. Recent research
has indicated that the functional dysregulation of many transcription factors underlies
the neurodegenerative processes that accompany HD. These disturbances are caused not only
by the loss of wild-type Htt (WT Htt) function but also by the occurrence of abnormalities
that result from the action of mutant Htt (mHtt).

:
In this review, we aim to describe the role of transcription factors that are currently thought to
be strongly associated with HD pathogenesis, namely, RE1-silencing transcription factor, also
known as neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF), forkhead box proteins (FOXPs),
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1a (PGC1α), heat shock transcription
factor 1 (HSF1), and nuclear factor κ light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-
κB). We also take into account the role of these factors in the phenotype of HD as well as potential
pharmacological interventions targeting the analyzed proteins. Furthermore, we considered
whether molecular manipulation resulting in changes in transcription factor function
may have clinical potency for treating HD.
Preparation of Ginkgolide Solid Dispersions with Low-Molecular-Weight Chitosan and Assessment of their Protective Effect on Isoproterenol- Induced Myocardial Injury
Authors: Zhang Li , Xia Zhi , Liu Bojia , Cui Li , Ding Wenbo , Liu Dan 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Ginkgolides are widely used in cardio-protective therapy; however, poor
bioavailability currently limits their application.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate whether solid dispersions prepared with Low-
Molecular-Weight Chitosan (LMWC) could improve the protective effect of ginkgolides on Myocardial
Injury (MI).

Methods:
Ginkgolide Solid Dispersions (GKSD) were prepared with LMWC. Their properties were
then characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy
and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were performed in
rats, and the protective effect of GKSD on MI was investigated by western blotting and immunohistochemical
analyses.

Results:
Drug dissolution testing showed that GDSD were released at a significantly higher rate than
ginkgolides, dissolved by alternative methods, suggesting that LMWC facilitates the release of ginkgolides.
Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy all showed that GKSD was amorphous. In-vivo testing revealed larger
AUC0-t, higher Cmax, and shorter Tmax for GKSD compared to that in original ginkgolides. Myocardial
injury was induced in rats with isoproterenol to test the protective effect of GKSD. GKSD alleviated MI
and reduced myocardial fibrosis, as observed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Compared with the
crude drug group, the secretion of malonyl dialdehyde and nitric oxide and expression of NOX-2 and
NOX-4 were lower. The activities of the cardiac marker enzymes SOD, CAT, GPX, GPX-1, and GSH
were higher in GKSD-administered rats, indicating a beneficial effect of GKSD in eliminating free radicals
during myocardial injury. Additionally, western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis
showed that GKSD markedly reduced the expression of signaling proteins RHOA, ROCK1, ROCK2,
and RAC1.

Conclusion:
Solid dispersions prepared with low molecular weight chitosan improved the oral bioavailability
of ginkgolide and enhanced its protective effect on myocardial injury.
Clinical Profile of Mortality among Chronic Schizophrenic Patients: A Local Pilot Survey in Iran
Authors: Shafti Saeed Shoja , Memarie Alireza , Rezaie Masomeh , Rahimi Behjat 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Many scholars believe that mental disorders may increase the risk of mortality
among psychiatric patients in comparison with ordinary people. Unfortunately, since there is
no systematic psychiatric case register system in Iran, a precise study of the rate of mortality of
psychiatric patients in Iran is not easy.

Objective:
The objective of the current study included estimation of the rate of mortality and clinical
profile of the died patients in a group of non-western aged schizophrenic patients.

Methods:
Senior section of Razi psychiatric hospital was selected as the specific field of investigation,
and all elderly schizophrenic patients (≥65 years old), who had been hospitalized there, were
nominated as the accessible sample and estimated with respect to the objectives of the present assessment.
For survey, all deaths in the said district, which had occurred throughout the last sixty
months (April of 2014-August 2019), had been listed by the supervisor of the mortality committee
of the hospital. The clinical diagnosis was based on ‘Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders’, 5th edition, criteria.

Results:
Among 840 chronic elderly schizophrenic patients, 69 deaths were registered by the mortality
committee of the hospital. As evident by the results, the annual rate of mortality among elderly
schizophrenic patients in the present assessment was around 0.015 (0.15 per 1,000 individuals per
year) and 0.017 (0.17 per 1,000 individuals per year) among male and female aged patients, respectively,
which was significantly lower than the native crude death rate. While the average age of the
expired female patients was significantly longer than male cases, the life expectancy of both male
and female patients was significantly shorter than the life expectancy of native people. Besides,
while among the present sample of old schizophrenics cardiac disease was the main leading cause of
death, other causes, like violence, suicide, road traffic accidents, falls, fires, drug use, tuberculosis,
drowning, epilepsy, and Parkinson’s disease were not liable at all.

Conclusion:
While the rate of mortality among aged schizophrenics was significantly lower than the
native crude death rate, the age of the expired female patients was significantly longer than the male
cases and the life expectancy of both male and female patients was significantly shorter than the life
expectancy of native people. Cardiac disorder was the leading cause of death among the present
sample of aged schizophrenics.
Life Writing and Death: Dialogues of the Dead
Authors: Brant Clare , Metcalf James , Wildgoose Jane 
Published: July 2020

One thing in life we can be certain of: death. But how we talk about death—its inevitability, its causes and its course, its effects, or its places—is susceptible to changing cultural conditions. Reviewing a history of death that begins in prehistory, the distinguished historian of death Thomas Laqueur doubts it is possible to comprehend (in both senses) the topic: ‘Our awareness of death and the dead stands at the edge of culture. As such they may not have a history in the usual sense but only more and more iterations, endless and infinitely varied, that we shape into n engagement with the past and the present’.
Behavioural Contagion in Hong Kong Urban Space under Mass Psychological Distress.
Authors: Zordan Mirna , Tsou Jin Yeu 
Published: July 2020

Psychological factors affecting human behaviour ‘a priori’ are largely underestimated in the contemporary urban debate. Mass psychological distress is not considered as a factor affecting urban dynamics within city-spaces. This study compares activities, preferences, and psychological dynamics related to behavioural contagion theory towards urban spaces in Hong Kong before and after COVID-19. Results showed significant transitions in preferences among shopping malls and urban green spaces for stationary uses, paired with substantial changes at the destination decision-making process. Other than behavioural tendencies, these results provide directions for discussing the integration of mass psychological distress into future urban scenarios design. Keywords: behavioural contagion, mass psychological distress, urban space, Hong Kong. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI:
Assessing Children’s Connectedness to Nature: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Mustapa Nor Diyana , Maliki Nor Zarifah , Aziz Nor Fadzila , Hamzah Aswati 
Published: July 2020

This study aims to assess children’s connectedness to nature (CTN) using a mixed-method study. This study used a sequential mixed-method approach that involved 760 children age 10-11 years old from 20 schools that include both urban and rural schools in Kedah and Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Questionnaires were used in the quantitative part (n=760), followed by focus group discussion and drawing in the qualitative part (n=72). Findings showed that there are eight potential constructs can be used to measure and assess children’s CTN. The directions for future research are also discussed. Keywords: children; nature; connectedness to nature; mixed method. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2282
Strategies to Increase Peer Support Specialists’ Capacity to Use Digital Technology in the Era of COVID-19: Pre-Post Study
Authors: Fortuna Karen L , Myers Amanda L , Walsh Danielle , Walker Robert , Mois George , Brooks Jessica M 
Published: July 2020

Background
Prior to the outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), telemental health to support mental health services was primarily designed for individuals with professional clinical degrees, such as psychologists, psychiatrists, registered nurses, and licensed clinical social workers. For the first the time in history, peer support specialists are offering Medicaid-reimbursable telemental health services during the COVID-19 crisis; however, little effort has been made to train peer support specialists on telehealth practice and delivery.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the impact of the Digital Peer Support Certification on peer support specialists’ capacity to use digital peer support technology.

Methods
The Digital Peer Support Certification was co-produced with peer support specialists and included an education and simulation training session, synchronous and asynchronous support services, and audit and feedback. Participants included 9 certified peer support specialists between the ages of 25 and 54 years (mean 39 years) who were employed as peer support specialists for 1 to 11 years (mean 4.25 years) and had access to a work-funded smartphone device and data plan. A pre-post design was implemented to examine the impact of the Digital Peer Support Certification on peer support specialists’ capacity to use technology over a 3-month timeframe. Data were collected at baseline, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months.

Results
Overall, an upward trend in peer support specialists’ capacity to offer digital peer support occurred during the 3-month certification period.

Conclusions
The Digital Peer Support Certification shows promising evidence of increasing the capacity of peer support specialists to use specific digital peer support technology features. Our findings also highlighted that this capacity was less likely to increase with training alone and that a combinational knowledge translation approach that includes both training and management will be more successful.
Participación en cadenas globales de valor e industrias claves: evidencia de Puerto Rico
Authors: Rosa-Polanco Henry 
Published: July 2020

Esta investigación mide por primera vez en la literatura el índice de participación hacia atrás en cadenas globales de valor de Puerto Rico y lo combina con un análisis de industrias claves, contribuyendo a cerrar la brecha de estudios empíricos de países latinoamericanos y del Caribe. La metodología emplea el modelo cuantitativo abierto del análisis insumo-producto a partir de las matrices totales de transacciones inter-industriales. Los resultados indican que Puerto Rico exhibe uno de los mayores índices relativos de participación hacia atrás en CGV cuando es comparado con 39 países de la OCDE. Sin embargo, en el último año considerado, el índice puertorriqueño experimenta la disminución relativa más grande, al caer 15 puntos porcentuales y situarse en la media de los pares latinoamericanos con los que se compara.
Public Deception as Ideological and Institutional Critique: On the Limits and Possibilities of Academic Hoaxing
Authors: Reilly Ian 
Published: July 2020

Background Through an exploration of two influential academic hoaxes, the Sokal Affair and the “Grievance Studies” hoax, this article explores the constraints and possibilities of academic hoaxing in the articulation of institutional critique through a discussion of academic integrity and ethical forms of deception.Analysis In this article, hoaxes are cast as operating on a continuum with other covert forms of deception in academic publishing (fraud, data fabrication, misconduct). Far from producing constructive outcomes, these interventions serve as flashpoints for stirring up discipline-based anxieties and ideologically motivated attacks.Conclusion and implications These forms of public deception can illuminate how to reform or re-envision areas of academia that are compromising the health and vitality of academic research.
Effect Of Structured Exercises For Achilles Tendon Tightness In Spastic Cerebral Palsy Children.
Authors: Sangeeta A. Yadav  , Dr. Namrata Kadam  
Published: July 2020

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a common disorder of posture and movement caused by a non-progressive injury to the developing brain. Based on the degree of brain lesion the child can have hemiplegia , spastic diplegia or even total cerebral palsy Achilles tendon spasticity, weakness, or contracture in these conditions may lead to gait abnormalities. Achilles tendon plays an important role in performing plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the ankle. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of structured exercises for Achilles tendon tightness prevailing in spastic cerebral palsy children. A total 34 subjects was selected for the study. Inclusion and exclusion crieteria were used to select the children for the study. Children of ages between 2 to 6 years of both sex were also considered for the study. The subjects who were not included in the study were those not willing to participate, individual’s history of acute trauma or with any congenital musculoskeletal problems, previous surgery or pain in the lower limbs, Vision and hearing problems and Cardio-respiratory problems. Demographic data, assent and consent was taken from the child and their parents, respectively and the explanation of the study was given. Pre and post assessment was taken on the basis of Tardieu scale before and after 16 sessions of the treatment respectively. Each session was of 45 mins and was started with warm exercises and then functional exercises were carried out. Later evaluation and interpretation of the data was done. The study revealed that there was significant effect of structured exercises for Achilles tendon tightness in subjects with spastic cerebral palsy. The structured exercise for Achilles tendon tightness was very effective in improving the gait and strength of the spastic cerebral palsy children.
Patients Perception and Knowledge on Dispensed Drugs: A Cross Sectional Study in Riyadh
Authors: Renad Mohammed Sadek  , Razan AL-Faifi  , Muhra Al-Qahtani1  , Munifah Alanizi  , Arwa Sultan  , Jowharah Awwad  , Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq  
Published: July 2020

Patient’s knowledge of medicines and perception on health care services are paramount for high quality patient care. Despite their importance, there is lack of credible research reported from Riyadh city of Saudi Arabia to ascertain the present status on these issues. Therefore, current research was designed to elucidate the patients’ perception and knowledge on dispensed drugs in Riyadh Hospitals through a cross sectional study. A validated pre-tested questionnaire was used to check the knowledge and perception level of 247 patients visiting outpatient's pharmacies of different hospitals of Riyadh city during September to December 2018. The data obtained was analyzed by appropriate statistical tests using SPSS-IBM 23 statistical application. Most of the participants of the current study were in an age group of 16-35 years (64%) with 57% of them was graduates and (48%) were married. Further, 69% of them were employed and most of them (47%) were earning income ranging from 8000 to 15000 SAR/month. Furthermore, 86% of the surveyors were Saudi nationals, 91% were Riyadh city residents and 99.5% were Arabic speakers. Statistical analysis found a significant association between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge level as well as their perception on health services such as pharmacists interaction, attitude, politeness and their knowledge. Most of the participants had an average to good knowledge on their dispensed drugs. In addition, we noted that there is a significant association between sociodemographic characteristics of patients and their perception on the health services which influence the patient's overall knowledge on their dispensed drugs. In conclusion, the patient’s knowledge on their dispensed medicines depends on factors associated with both patients and health care providers and good interaction between them increases the quality of health care services.
Development And Validation Of Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method For Determination Of Doravirine In Human Plasma Samples
Authors: Banothu Bhadru  , V.Venkata Rao  , Suryadevara Vidyadhara  
Published: July 2020

Doravirine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for use in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. A simple, rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay method has been proposed for the determination of Doravirine in human plasma samples using Delavirdine as internal standard (IS). Analyte and the IS were extracted from the 100 µL of K2 EDTA human plasma by Solid Phase extraction (SPE). The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Zodiac C18 column by using a mixture of Methanol and 0.1% formic acid buffer (85:15, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The calibration curve obtained was linear (r2-0.99) over the concentration range of 0.15 – 40.4 ng/mL. The Mass detection of Doravirine involves m/z-426.5 (parent) and 112.5 (product) and Delavirdine involves m/z - 457.2 (parent) and 362.1 (product) as internal standard in Positive ion mode. Method validation was performed as per FDA guidelines and the results met the acceptance criteria. The intra-day and inter-day precision (%CV) and accuracy results in three validation batches across six concentration levels were well within the acceptance limits. A run time of 2.00 min for each sample made it possible to analyze more number of samples in short time, thus increasing the productivity. The assay was found to be sensitive, selective and reproducible.