bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the juice worth the squeeze? Transdisciplinary team science in bladder health
Authors: Schmitz Kathryn H. , Bavendam Tamara , Brady Sonya S. , Brubaker Linda , Burgio Kathryn , Harlow Bernard L. , James Aimee , Lukacz Emily S. , Miller Janis M. , Newman Diane K. , Palmer Mary H. , Rudser Kyle , Sutcliffe Siobhan ,   Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsPrior research on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) has focused on the treatment and management of these conditions with scant attention to prevention. The Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium was formed to address the complexities of preventing LUTS and promoting bladder health.MethodsHerein, we describe challenges faced and strategies used to develop the PLUS Research Consortium into an engaged and productive transdisciplinary scientific team. We apply four previously defined team science phases (development, conceptualization, implementation, and translation) to frame our progress.ResultsStrategies to progress through the development phase included the generation of a shared mission, and valuing of other disciplinary perspectives. The conceptualization phase included generating a shared language and developing a team transdisciplinary orientation. During the implementation phase, the group developed roles and procedures and focused on conflict management. The translation phase includes continued refinement of the mission and goals, implementation of research protocols, and robust dissemination of the scientific work products related to bladder health.ConclusionA diverse group has matured into a productive transdisciplinary team science consortium. Achieving this outcome required dedicated effort for each member to engage in activities that often required more time than single discipline research activities. Provision of the necessary time and tools has fostered a transdisciplinary team science culture and rich research agenda that reflects the complexity of the health issue to be addressed. Our experience may be useful for others embarking on team science projects.
Weight Change 2 Years After Termination of the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention in the Look AHEAD Study
Authors:   Look AHEAD Research Group, Chao Ariana M. , Wadden Thomas A. , Berkowitz Robert I. , Blackburn George , Bolin Paula , Clark Jeanne M. , Coday Mace , Curtis Jeffrey M. , Delahanty Linda M. , Dutton Gareth R. , Evans Mary , Ewing Linda J. , Foreyt John P. , Gay Linda J. , Gregg Edward W. , Hazuda Helen P. , Hill James O. , Horton Edward S. , Houston Denise K. , Jakicic John M. , Jeffery Robert W. , Johnson Karen C. , Kahn Steven E. , Knowler William C. , Kure Anne , Michalski Katherine L. , Montez Maria G. , Neiberg Rebecca H. , Patricio Jennifer , Peters Anne , Pi‐Sunyer Xavier , Pownall Henry , Reboussin David , Redmon Bruce , Rejeski W. Jack , Steinburg Helmut , Walker Martha , Williamson Donald A. , Wing Rena R. , Wyatt Holly , Yanovski Susan Z. , Zhang Ping 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThis study evaluated weight changes after cessation of the 10‐year intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. It was hypothesized that ILI participants would be more likely to gain weight during the 2‐year observational period following termination of weight‐loss–maintenance counseling than would participants in the diabetes support and education (DSE) control group.MethodsLook AHEAD was a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of ILI and DSE on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Look AHEAD was converted to an observational study in September 2012.ResultsTwo years after the end of the intervention (EOI), ILI and DSE participants lost a mean  (SE) of 1.2  (0.2) kg and 1.8  (0.2) kg, respectively (P = 0.003). In addition, 31% of ILI and 23.9% of DSE participants gained ≥ 2% (P < 0.001) of EOI weight, whereas 36.3% and 45.9% of the respective groups lost ≥ 2% of EOI weight (P = 0.001). Two years after the EOI, ILI participants reported greater use of weight‐control behaviors than DSE participants.ConclusionsBoth groups lost weight during the 2‐year follow‐up period, but more ILI than DSE participants gained ≥ 2% of EOI weight. Further understanding is needed of factors that affected long‐term weight change in both groups.
Fine‐root dynamics vary with soil depth and precipitation in a low‐nutrient tropical forest in the Central Amazonia
Authors: Cordeiro Amanda L. , Norby Richard J. , Andersen Kelly M. , Valverde‐Barrantes Oscar , Fuchslueger Lucia , Oblitas Erick , Hartley Iain P. , Iversen Colleen M. , Gonçalves Nathan B. , Takeshi Bruno , Lapola David M. , Quesada Carlos A. 
Published: April 2020

Why this research MattersA common assumption in tropical ecology is that root systems respond rapidly to climatic cues but that most of that response is limited to the uppermost layer of the soil, with relatively limited changes in deeper layers. However, this assumption has not been tested directly, preventing models from accurately predicting the response of tropical forests to environmental change.We measured seasonal dynamics of fine roots in an upper‐slope plateau in Central Amazonia mature forest using minirhizotrons to 90 cm depth, which were calibrated with fine roots extracted from soil cores.Root productivity and mortality in surface soil layers were positively correlated with precipitation, whereas root standing length was greater during the dry periods at the deeper layers. Contrary to historical assumptions, a large fraction of fine‐root standing biomass (46%) and productivity (41%) was found in soil layers deeper than 30 cm. Furthermore, root turnover decreased linearly with soil depth.Our findings demonstrate a relationship between fine‐root dynamics and precipitation regimes in Central Amazonia. Our results also emphasize the importance of deeper roots for accurate estimates of primary productivity and the interaction between roots and carbon, water, and nutrients.
Strategies for Exploring Functions from Dynamic Combinatorial Libraries
Authors: Jia Chunman , Qi Dawei , Zhang Yucang , Rissanen Kari , Li Jianwei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) is a powerful approach for creating complex chemical systems, giving access to the studies of complexity and exploration of functionality in synthetic systems. However, compared with more advanced living systems, the man‐made chemical systems are still less functional, due to their limited complexity and insufficient kinetic control. Here we start by introducing strategies to enrich the complexity of dynamic combinatorial libraries (DCLs) for exploiting unexpected functions by increasing the species of building blocks and/or templates used. Then, we discuss how dynamic isomerization of photo‐switchable molecules help DCLs increase and alter the systemic complexity in‐situ. Multi‐phase DCLs will also be reviewed to thrive complexity and functionality across the interfaces. Finally, there will be a summary and outlook about remote kinetic control in DCLs that are realized by applying exogenous physical transduction signals of stress, light, heat and ultrasound.
Lineage‐specific evolution of mangrove plastid genomes
Authors: Han Kai , Shi Chengcheng , Li Liangwei , Seim Inge , Lee Simon Ming‐Yuen , Xu Xun , Yang Huanming , Fan Guangyi , Liu Xin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMangroves is an umbrella term for plants located across the tropics and sub‐tropics that live in the coastal region, between the sea and the land. All mangroves evolved from terrestrial plants, providing the opportunity to assess convergence, as well as the lineage‐specific features, at the genetic level. In this study, we compared chloroplast genomes from 21 mangrove species, covering main phylogenetic clades. We demonstrate that chloroplast gene order, content, and genome size is largely conserved in mangroves. The exceptions are loss of the photosystem I gene psaZ in Acanthus ilicifolius and inversion of the ribosomal protein gene rpl23 in Avicennia germinans. The repeat content of mangrove chloroplast varied between species, but was conserved within species of the same order. Sequence diversity analysis revealed that the IR (invert repeat) region was highly conserved compared to the SC (single‐copy) region in most phylogenetic clades, except clade core leptosporangiates (ferns). The ribosomal protein gene rps7 was under positive selection in Kandelia obovato, Rhizophora stylosa, Bruguiera sexangular and Rhizophora mangle, a monophyletic branch of clade fabids, while no evidence of positive selection was found in other mangrove lineages. Taken together, our data suggests that convergent evolutionary dynamics leaves no significant signal on the plastid genome of mangroves. The complete chloroplast genomes provided in this study shed light on the evolution of these important plastids and provides a valuable resource for further research efforts.
T-Witts from the horizon
Authors: Adami H. , Grumiller D. , Sadeghian S. , Sheikh-Jabbari M.M. , Zwikel C. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Expanding around null hypersurfaces, such as generic Kerr black hole horizons, using co-rotating Kruskal-Israel-like coordinates we study the associated surface charges, their symmetries and the corresponding phase space within Einstein gravity. Our surface charges are not integrable in general. Their integrable part generates an algebra including superrotations and a BMS3-type algebra that we dub “T-Witt algebra”. The non-integrable part accounts for the flux passing through the null hypersurface. We put our results in the context of earlier constructions of near horizon symmetries, soft hair and of the program to semi-classically identify Kerr black hole microstates.
Cross-validation of two prognostic trauma scores in severely injured patients
Authors: Lefering Rolf , Huber-Wagner Stefan , Bouillon Bertil , Lawrence Tom , Lecky Fiona , Bouamra Omar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Trauma scoring systems are important tools for outcome prediction and severity adjustment that informs trauma quality assessment and research. Discrimination and precision of such systems is tested in validation studies. The German TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU) and the Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) from the UK agreed on a cross-validation study to validate their prediction scores (RISC II and PS14, respectively).

Methods
Severe trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score (ISS) ≥ 9 documented in 2015 and 2016 were selected in both registries (primary admissions only). The predictive scores from each registry were applied to the selected data sets. Observed and predicted mortality were compared to assess precision; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used for discrimination. Hosmer–Lemeshow statistic was calculated for calibration. A subgroup analysis including patients treated in intensive care unit (ICU) was also carried out.

Results
From TR-DGU, 40,638 patients were included (mortality 11.7%). The RISC II predicted mortality was 11.2%, while PS14 predicted 16.9% mortality. From TARN, 64,622 patients were included (mortality 9.7%). PS14 predicted 10.6% mortality, while RISC II predicted 17.7%. Despite the identical cutoff of ISS ≥ 9, patient groups from both registries showed considerable difference in need for intensive care (88% versus 18%). Subgroup analysis of patients treated on ICU showed nearly identical values for observed and predicted mortality using RISC II.

Discussion
Each score performed well within its respective registry, but when applied to the other registry a decrease in performance was observed. Part of this loss of performance could be explained by different development data sets: the RISC II is mainly based on patients treated in an ICU, while the PS14 includes cases mainly cared for outside ICU with more moderate injury severity. This is according to the respective inclusion criteria of the two registries.

Conclusion
External validations of prediction models between registries are needed, but may show that prediction models are not fully transferable to other health-care settings.
A constrained-condylar fixed-bearing total knee arthroplasty is stabilised by the medial soft tissues
Authors: Athwal Kiron K. , Willinger Lukas , Manning William , Deehan David , Amis Andrew A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Revision constrained-condylar total knee arthroplasty (CCK-TKA) is often used to provide additional mechanical constraint after failure of a primary TKA. However, it is unknown how much this translates to a reliance on soft-tissue support. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the laxity of a native knee to the CCK-TKA implanted state and quantify how medial soft-tissues stabilise the knee following CCK-TKA.

Methods
Ten intact cadaveric knees were tested in a robotic system at 0°, 30°, 60° and 90° flexion with ± 90 N anterior–posterior force, ± 8 Nm varus-valgus and ± 5 Nm internal–external torques. A fixed-bearing CCK-TKA was implanted and the laxity tests were repeated with the soft tissues intact and after sequential cutting. The deep and superficial medial collateral ligaments (dMCL, sMCL) and posteromedial capsule (PMC) were sequentially transected and the percentage contributions of each structure to restraining the applied loads were calculated.

Results
Implanting a CCK-TKA did not alter anterior–posterior laxity from that of the original native knee, but it significantly decreased internal–external and varus-valgus rotational laxity (p < 0.05). Post CCK-TKA, the sMCL restrained 34% of the tibial displacing load in anterior drawer, 16% in internal rotation, 17% in external rotation and 53% in valgus, across the flexion angles tested. The dMCL restrained 11% of the valgus rotation moment.

Conclusions
With a fully-competent sMCL in-vitro, a fixed-bearing CCK-TKA knee provided more rotational constraint than the native knee. The robotic test data showed that both the soft-tissues and the semi-constrained implant restrained rotational knee laxity. Therefore, in clinical practice, a fixed-bearing CCK-TKA knee could be indicated for use in a knee with lax, less-competent medial soft tissues.

Level of evidence
Controlled laboratory study.
Chronological Changes in Appendiceal Pathology Among Patients Who Underwent Appendectomy for Suspected Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Sugiura Kota , Miyake Hideo , Nagai Hidemasa , Yoshioka Yuichiro , Shibata Koji , Asai Soichiro , Yuasa Norihiro , Fujino Masahiko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundGiven recent advances in imaging and the development of diagnostic parameters, the rate of unnecessary appendectomy (i.e., negative appendectomy) has been decreasing. However, the incidence of acute appendicitis (AA) in elderly patients is rising due to the aging of society. We aimed to identify chronological changes in demographics and appendiceal pathology among patients who underwent appendectomy for suspected AA.MethodsData from 881 patients who underwent appendectomy for suspected AA between January 2006 and December 2017 were analyzed. The final diagnosis was based on intraoperative findings, pathological reports, and clinical course. Negative appendectomy was defined as the absence of appendiceal diseases including inflammation, fibrosis, and neoplasm. We compared demographics and appendiceal pathology between early (2006–2011) and late study phases (2012–2017).ResultsThe mean age of patients with pathologically proven AA (n = 761) was significantly greater in the late phase than in the early phase (38.6 ± 19.8 years vs. 44.0 ± 20.3 years, p = 0.0002), and the ratio of patients with AA aged ≧ 75 years was also increased (from 5.6 to 8.6%, p = 0.1120). The incidences of complicated appendicitis (defined as perforated or gangrenous appendicitis) and appendiceal diverticulitis (AD) were increased in the late phase compared to those in the early phase (61.3% vs. 77.2% and 3.7% vs. 6.6%, respectively). The negative appendectomy rate was significantly reduced in the late phase compared to that in the early phase (10.0% vs. 2.5%, p < 0.0001).ConclusionsDuring a 12‐year period, the mean age of patients with AA and the incidences of complicated appendicitis and AD increased, whereas the negative appendectomy rate decreased.
Non-contrast MRI protocol for TAVI guidance: quiescent-interval single-shot angiography in comparison with contrast-enhanced CT
Authors: Pamminger Mathias , Klug Gert , Kranewitter Christof , Reindl Martin , Reinstadler Sebastian J. , Henninger Benjamin , Tiller Christina , Holzknecht Magdalena , Kremser Christian , Bauer Axel , Jaschke Werner , Metzler Bernhard , Mayr Agnes 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To prospectively compare unenhanced quiescent-interval single-shot MR angiography (QISS-MRA) with contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA) for contrast-free guidance in transcatheter aortic valve intervention (TAVI).

Methods
Twenty-six patients (mean age 83 ± 5 years, 15 female [58%]) referred for TAVI evaluation underwent QISS-MRA for aortoiliofemoral access guidance and non-contrast three-dimensional (3D) “whole heart” MRI for prosthesis sizing on a 1.5-T system. Contrast-enhanced CTA was performed as imaging gold standard for TAVI planning. Image quality was assessed by a 4-point Likert scale; continuous MRA and CTA measurements were compared with regression and Bland-Altman analyses.

Results
QISS-MRA and CTA-based measurements of aortoiliofemoral vessel diameters correlated moderately to very strong (r = 0.572 to 0.851, all p ≤ 0.002) with good to excellent inter-observer reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.862 to 0.999, all p < 0.0001) regarding QISS assessment. Mean diameters of the infrarenal aorta and iliofemoral vessels differed significantly (bias 0.37 to 0.98 mm, p = 0.041 to < 0.0001) between the two modalities. However, inter-method decision for transfemoral access route was comparable (κ = 0.866, p < 0.0001). Aortic root parameters assessed by 3D whole heart MRI strongly correlated (r = 0.679 to 0.887, all p ≤ 0.0001) to CTA measurements.

Conclusion
QISS-MRA provides contrast-free access route evaluation in TAVI patients with moderate to strong correlations compared with CTA and substantial inter-observer agreement. Despite some significant differences in minimal vessel diameters, inter-method agreement for transfemoral accessibility is strong. Combination with 3D whole heart MRI facilitates unenhanced TAVI guidance.

Key Points
• QISS-MRA and CTA inter-method agreement for transfemoral approach is strong.
• QISS-MRA is a very good alternative to CTA and MRA especially in patients with Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiativestages 4 and 5.
• Combination of QISS-MRA and 3D “whole heart” MRI facilitates fully unenhanced TAVI guidance.
A smaller heart-aorta-angle associates with ascending aortic dilatation and increases wall shear stress
Authors: Kauhanen S. Petteri , Liimatainen Timo , Kariniemi Elina , Korhonen Miika , Parkkonen Johannes , Vienonen Juska , Vanninen Ritva , Hedman Marja 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the orientation of the heart, measured as an angle between the long axis of the heart and ascending aorta midline (heart-aorta-angle, HAA), associates with ascending aortic (AA) dilatation. Furthermore, the association between HAA and wall shear stress (WSS) was studied.

Methods
HAA was retrospectively measured in 1000 consecutive coronary artery computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) images in patients with low-to-moderate pretest probability for coronary artery disease (CAD). To evaluate the effects of HAA on AA flow, 4D flow MRI was performed for 28 patients with AA dilatation (> 40 mm) and WSS was analyzed.

Results
The mean age of patients undergoing CCTA was 52.9 ± 9.8 years; 66.5% were women. Their median HAA was 128.7° and interquartile range 123.3–134.1°. HAA was significantly smaller in patients with dilated AA (median 126.7° [121.3–130.8°]) compared with the patients with normal AA (median 129.5° [124.3–135.3°], p < 0.001). HAA was smaller in males (p < 0.001) and in patients with diabetes (p = 0.016), hypertension (p = 0.001), CAD (p = 0.003), hypercholesterolemia (p < 0.001), and bicuspid aortic valve (p = 0.025) than without these factors. In a subpopulation without any of these underlying diseases (n = 233), HAA was still significantly smaller in the patients with dilated AA (median 127.9° [124.3–134.3°]) compared with patients with normal AA (median 131.9° [127.6–136.9°], p = 0.013). In 4D flow MRI, a smaller HAA correlated with increased total WSS in the outer curvature of the proximal AA (r = − 0.510, p = 0.006).

Conclusion
A smaller HAA associates with AA dilatation and affects the blood flow in the proximal AA.

Key Points
• A smaller angle between the long axis of the heart and ascending aorta midline associated with ascending aortic dilatation.
• A smaller heart-aorta-angle correlated with increased total wall shear stress in the outer curvature of the proximal ascending aorta.
Prevalence and cutaneous comorbidities of hidradenitis suppurativa in the German working population
Authors: Kirsten Natalia , Zander Nicole , Augustin Matthias 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe association of hidradenitis suppurativa with other skin diseases has not yet been investigated in larger studies based on dermatological exams. The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence and cutaneous comorbidities of hidradenitis suppurativa in the German working population. Between 2014 and 2017, 20,112 people in 343 German companies were examined for the presence of clinical features of hidradenitis suppurativa within the framework of a cross-sectional epidemiological study based on whole-body examinations. In addition, all cutaneous comorbidities were recorded. Point prevalence was calculated and the differences between individuals with and without hidradenitis suppurativa were determined by bivariate analysis. All statistical procedures were performed using SPSS 23.0 for Windows. Of 20,112 people examined, mean age was 43.6 ± 10.5 years; 52.3% were male. In total, n = 57 people (0.3%) with hidradenitis suppurativa were identified; 61.4% (n = 35) being male. In addition, non-inflammatory hidradenitis suppurativa-related lesions were found in 674 other individuals. In a bivariate comparison, patients with hidradenitis suppurativa showed significantly more frequently the following cutaneous comorbidities: acne vulgaris, psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, excoriations, and folliculitis. We determined a point prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa of 0.3%. Since we have examined the working population, the healthy worker effect, which could have led to underestimation of prevalence, cannot be ruled out. The point prevalence of 0.3% for employed people in Germany and a prevalence of 3.0% for inflammatory and non-inflammatory hidradenitis suppurativa-related lesions show that hidradenitis suppurativa is an important disease for the whole health system.