bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is the Role of the Maternal Ophthalmic and Cervical Internal Carotid Arteries in Predicting Maternal Adverse Outcomes in Preeclampsia?
Authors: Ozdemir Mucize Eric , Demirci Oya , Ozturkmen Hatice Akay , Ulusoy Nuray Bakal , Ohanoglu Karolin , Cilingir Isil Uzun 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the efficacy of maternal ophthalmic artery (OA) and cervical internal carotid artery (CICA) in predicting adverse maternal outcomes and gestational age at birth in preeclampsia (PE).MethodsThe study was performed at the Zeynep Kamil Women and Children's Diseases Training and Research Hospital. Measurements were made in 2 groups consisting of 50 pregnant women with PE and 50 healthy pregnant women. The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end‐diastolic velocity, PI, RI, first diastolic peak velocity, systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratio, and peak ratio of the maternal OA were measured by a transorbital Doppler ultrasound (US) scan. The PSV, end‐diastolic velocity, PI, RI, and S/D ratio of the CICA were measured. The differences of Doppler indices between groups with P < .05 were considered statistically significant. Cutoff values were calculated, which could be used to predict adverse maternal outcomes and gestational age at birth.ResultsThe RI and PI values of the OA were lower, and the first diastolic peak velocity, PSV, and peak ratio values were higher among the PE group. The RI and S/D values of the CICA were significantly lower in the PE group compared to the healthy group. The OA RI was determined to be the strongest US variable in predicting adverse maternal outcomes and gestational age at birth, with a cutoff value of 0.72, 76% sensitivity, and 76% specificity.ConclusionsMaternal OA Doppler indices can be used as US markers to predict adverse maternal outcomes.
Uncertainty analysis of correlated parameters in automated reaction mechanism generation
Authors: Gao Connie W. , Liu Mengjie , Green William H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUncertainty analysis is a useful tool for inspecting and improving detailed kinetic mechanisms because it can identify the greatest sources of model output error. Owing to the very nonlinear relationship between kinetic and thermodynamic parameters and computed concentrations, model predictions can be extremely sensitive to uncertainties in some parameters while uncertainties in other parameters can be irrelevant. Error propagation becomes even more convoluted in automatically generated kinetic models, where input uncertainties are correlated through kinetic rate rules and thermodynamic group values.Local and global uncertainty analyses were implemented and used to analyze error propagation in Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG), an open‐source software for generating kinetic models. A framework for automatically assigning parameter uncertainties to estimated thermodynamics and kinetics was created, enabling tracking of correlated uncertainties. Local first‐order uncertainty propagation was implemented using sensitivities computed natively within RMG. Global uncertainty analysis was implemented using adaptive Smolyak pseudospectral approximations as implemented in the MIT Uncertainty Quantification Library to efficiently compute and construct polynomial chaos expansions to approximate the dependence of outputs on a subset of uncertain inputs. Cantera was used as a backend for simulating the reactor system in the global analysis. Analyses were performed for a phenyldodecane pyrolysis model. Local and global methods demonstrated similar trends; however, many uncertainties were significantly overestimated by the local analysis. Both local and global analyses show that correlated uncertainties based on kinetic rate rules and thermochemical groups drastically reduce a model's degrees of freedom and have a large impact on the determination of the most influential input parameters. These results highlight the necessity of incorporating uncertainty analysis in the mechanism generation workflow.
Paired O2–CO2 measurements provide emergent insights into aquatic ecosystem function
Authors: Vachon Dominic , Sadro Steven , Bogard Matthew J. , Lapierre Jean‐François , Baulch Helen M. , Rusak James A. , Denfeld Blaize A. , Laas Alo , Klaus Marcus , Karlsson Jan , Weyhenmeyer Gesa A. , del Giorgio Paul A. 
Published: February 2020

Scientific Significance StatementMetabolic stoichiometry predicts that dissolved oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in aquatic ecosystems should covary inversely; however, field observations often diverge from theoretical expectations. Here, we propose a suite of metrics describing this O2 and CO2 decoupling and introduce a conceptual framework for interpreting these metrics within aquatic ecosystems. Within this framework, we interpret cross‐system patterns of high‐frequency O2 and CO2 measurements in 11 northern lakes and extract emergent insights into the metabolic behavior and the simultaneous roles of chemical and physical forcing in shaping ecosystem processes. This approach leverages the power of high‐frequency paired O2–CO2 measurements, and yields a novel, integrative aquatic system typology which can also be applicable more broadly to streams and rivers, wetlands and marine systems.
Potential biomarkers screening to predict side effects of dexamethasone in different cancers
Authors: Jiang Da , Jin Hui , Zuo Jing , Kong Yan , Zhang Xue , Dong Qian , Xu Zhihong , Li Ying 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundExcessive or prolonged usage of dexamethasone can cause serious side effects, but few studies reveal the related mechanism. Dexamethasone work differently in blood tumors and solid tumors, and the cause is still obscure. The aims of this study was to identify potential biomarkers associated with the side effects of dexamethasone in different tumors.MethodsGene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) datasets of blood tumors and solid tumors were retrieval to selected microarray data. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed.ResultsOne hundred and eighty dexamethasone‐specific DEGs (92 up and 88 downregulated) were obtained in lymphoma cell samples (named as DEGs‐lymph), including APOD, TP53INP1, CLIC3, SERPINA9, and C3orf52. One hundred and four specific DEGs (100 up and 4 downregulated) were identified in prostate cancer cell samples (named as DEGs‐prostate), including COL6A2, OSBPL5, OLAH, OGFRL1, and SLC39A14. The significantly enriched GO terms of DEGs‐lymph contained cellular amino acid metabolic process and cell cycle. The most significantly enriched pathway of DEGs‐lymph was cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation. The DEGs‐prostate was enriched in 39 GO terms and two pathways, and the pathways were PPARA activates gene expression Homo sapiens, and insulin resistance. The PPI network of DEGs‐lymph gathered into two major clusters, WARS1 and CDC25A were representatives for them, respectively. One cluster was mainly involved in cytosolic tRNA aminoacylation, aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis and the function of amino acid metabolism; another was associated with cell cycle and cell apoptosis. As for the PPI network of DEGs‐prostate, HELZ2 was the top nodes involved in the most protein–protein pairs, which was related to the pathway of “PPARA activates gene expression Homo sapiens.”ConclusionsWARS1 and CDC25A might be potential biomarkers for side effects of dexamethasone in lymphoma, and HELZ2 in prostate cancer.
FastFabric: Scaling hyperledger fabric to 20 000 transactions per second
Authors: Gorenflo Christian , Lee Stephen , Golab Lukasz , Keshav Srinivasan 
Published: February 2020

SummaryBlockchain technologies are expected to make a significant impact on a variety of industries. However, one issue holding them back is their limited transaction throughput, especially compared to established solutions such as distributed database systems. In this paper, we rearchitect a modern permissioned blockchain system, Hyperledger Fabric, to increase transaction throughput from 3000 to 20 000 transactions per second. We focus on performance bottlenecks beyond the consensus mechanism, and we propose architectural changes that reduce computation and I/O overhead during transaction ordering and validation to greatly improve throughput. Notably, our optimizations are fully plug‐and‐play and do not require any interface changes to Hyperledger Fabric.
Perception of diabetes management and cardiovascular disease risk among men with type 2 diabetes: A qualitative study
Authors: Nabolsi Manar M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore the perception and understanding of men with type 2 diabetes about their illness control, risk for CVD and their adherence to healthcare management plans in Jordan.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was used, recruiting a purposive sample of 13 men diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.MethodsData were collected between February and April 2019 through in‐depth semi‐structured interviews and analysed using content analysis.ResultsData analysis revealed four themes: (a) Perception of diabetes control; (b) Perception of cardiovascular disease risk; (c) Coping with disease‐imposed limitations; and (d) Information validation.ConclusionThe study concludes that the perception of disease control does not necessarily coincide with actual disease control. Examining patients with diabetes perception and knowledge of their healthcare management and increased CVD risks is essential. An individualized culture and gender‐sensitive health education and counselling involving spouses are recommended. Social media to disseminate scientific valid health instructions can enhance adherence.
Profiles of reading performance after exiting Tier 2 intervention
Authors: Van Norman Ethan R. , Nelson Peter M. , Klingbeil David A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA fundamental assumption of multi‐tiered systems of support is the bidirectional movement of students between tiers. In comparison to research on when to intensify instruction, less attention has been paid to the validity of decisions to exit students from supplemental supports. We used data from 554 third‐grade students who met the criteria to be exited from a Tier 2 reading fluency intervention to answer two research questions. First, we used latent profile analysis to evaluate whether distinct profiles of student responding would emerge based upon initial skill level and intervention duration. Second, we evaluated whether the proportion of students who passed the end‐of‐year benchmark differed between profiles. Results favored a three‐profile solution with a Below Average Start/Average Response; Average Start/Average Response; and an Above Average Start/Fast Response. The pooled mean proportion of students who did not achieve proficiency on the end‐of‐year benchmark assessment equaled 0.45, 0.33, and 0.13 across the three profiles, respectively. A series of χ2 tests indicated the between‐profile differences were statistically significant (p < .05). The results of this study suggest that there may be distinct profiles amongst students who show positive response and exit Tier 2 reading fluency interventions.
New results on stability and L∞‐gain analysis for positive linear differential‐algebraic equations with unbounded time‐varying delays
Authors: Huu Sau Nguyen , Viet Thuan Mai 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThis article addresses the problems of stability and L∞‐gain analysis for positive linear differential‐algebraic equations with unbounded time‐varying delays for the first time. First, we consider the stability problem of a class of positive linear differential‐algebraic equations with unbounded time‐varying delays. A new method, which is based on the upper bounding of the state vector by a decreasing function, is presented to analyze the stability of the system. Then, by investigating the monotonicity of state trajectory, the L∞‐gain for differential‐algebraic systems with unbounded time‐varying delay is characterized. It is shown that the L∞‐gain for differential‐algebraic systems with unbounded time‐varying delay is also independent of the delays and fully determined by the system matrices. Two numerical examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.
Field trials of an energy‐aware mission planner implemented on an autonomous surface vehicle
Authors: Thompson Fletcher , Galeazzi Roberto , Guihen Damien 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMission planning for autonomous marine vehicles is nontrivial due to the dynamic and uncertain nature of the marine environment. Communication can be low‐bandwidth and is not always guaranteed, so the operator must rely on the vehicles to adjust their plans according to the realized state of the environment. This paper presents the improvements made to an energy‐aware mission planner that allows it to generate and adjust plans for an autonomous surface vehicle (ASV) operating in an uncertain environment. The energy‐aware mission planning problem was redefined as a stochastic programming problem, and a two‐stage solver was developed to provide an initial plan for the ASV and then adjust it during run‐time according to predefined recourse actions. The mission planner and ASV were trialed in Lake Waverley, Tasmania. Adjusting the recourse action criteria demonstrated that the ASV could exhibit conservative or opportunistic behaviors according to the operator's preference of safety margin. In the pursuit of extending the planner's second‐stage so that it can predict a suitable recourse action ahead of time, a hybrid long short‐term memory energy forecaster was trained from the Waverley mission data. Comparison of the error between the forecaster and the test data shows that the forecaster has a reliable forecast horizon of about 10 s.
Automated soil particle‐size analysis using time of flight distance ranging sensor
Authors: Murad Mohammad Omar Faruk , Jones Edward J. , Minasny Budiman 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParticle‐size distribution (PSD) influences various physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil. The hydrometer test is the most commonly used method for soil particle‐size analysis (PSA) because of its inexpensive instrumental set up and simple use. But manual observations are required to obtain high‐resolution PSDs. X‐ray, γ‐ray attenuation and laser diffraction techniques can measure PSD automatically and faster than the sedimentation methods. However, these techniques have a very high equipment costs. The objective of this study is to develop an automated method for measuring a wide range of soil PSD based on the hydrometer method. Adafruit VL6180X Time of Flight (ToF) distance Ranging Sensor was used to measure the distance between the sensor and the tip of the hydrometer over an 8‐h time interval as particles settled. An initial distance between the sensor and tip of the hydrometer was recorded and used to convert the distance with time to particle size and concentration. The temperature of the suspension was measured at the same time using a waterproof DS18B20 1‐Wire digital temperature sensor. The Arduino Uno R3 was used to program the ToF sensor to record both the distance and the temperature at 5‐s intervals. The recording of the distance with time and solution temperature was converted to particle diameter and concentration based on Stokes’ law. The whole PSD, from 40 μm to 2 μm, was obtained automatically within 8 h. A total of 10 soil samples with different soil texture were used to test the system. The measurement from the automated system was checked against the standard pipette method. Results show that measurement of the percentages finer than 2, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μm obtained by the two methods are highly correlated, with R2 values between 0.857 to 0.896. The hardware to automate the system costs less than $70 (USD) and provides an easy, efficient, and cost‐effective way of measuring soil PSD.
Protoporphyrin‐IX and Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Niosomes as Theranostic
Authors: Ozada Cagatay , Tekin Volkan , Barlas F. Baris , Timur Suna , Unak Perihan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurpose of this study is to develop a multifunctional theranostic agent for both imaging (MR and fluorescence) and combined therapy (photodynamic and radiotherapy). Initially, manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO NPs) were synthesized and conjugated with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) which will be then called as MnO‐DTPA NPs, and at the final step, synthesized MnO NPs were encapsulated with niosomes in the presence of protoporphyrin‐IX (PP(IX)). In vitro cell culture and bioaffinity studies were performed on PC‐3 and BJ cells. The structures (Niosome‐MnO‐DTPA‐PP(IX)) have fluorescence properties and photodynamic therapy potential due to the presence of PP(IX) as well as MR imaging and photodynamic and radiotherapy efficiency. According to data, it was claimed that toxicity of MnO NPs were significantly decreased after encapsulation of niosomes especially for BJ cell line. Therapy potential of the ‘Niosome‐MnO‐DTPA‐PP(IX)’ was examined and promising findings were obtained for the potential use of combined therapy agent for prostate cancer cells.
An Efficient and Facile Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐4H‐pyrans &Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans Catalysed by WEMFSA at Room Temperature
Authors: Hiremath Prashant B , Kantharaju K 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn eco‐friendly and facile three‐component reaction for the synthesis of 2‐amino‐4H‐pyran and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives is established using agro‐waste based Water Extract of Muskmelon Fruit Shell Ash (WEMFSA) as a catalyst. The present method offers several advantages such as efficient, mild reaction condition, simple product isolation and economic approach at room temperature in the absence of an external base or ligand/catalyst/additives. Thus, this approach is a very good alternative to existing protocols, because of non‐hazardous catalyst and mild condition use. Muskmelon fruit dried shells underwent thermal treatment followed by deionised water soak gave WEMFSA catalytic media. It is notable that, this method is found to be clean and high yielding target product isolation using simple filtration after reaction mixture dilution with water and analytical pure form was obtained after recrystallization with absolute ethanol. The synthesized products are characterized using various spectroscopic methods such as FT‐IR, 1H‐, 13C‐NMR and mass spectrometry techniques.
Ambient Growth of Hierarchical FeOOH/MXene as Enhanced Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhao Kaixin , Ma Xinzhi , Lin Shuangyan , Xu Zhikun , Li Lin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe integration of highly accessible electro‐active sites and the high conductivity can enhance the catalytic performance of catalysts. Herein, we report a facile ambient growth of FeOOH nanosheets (NSs) on the surface of Ti3C2 nanosheets to fabricate the hierarchical FeOOH NSs/Ti3C2. The hierarchical structure efficiently suppresses agglomeration of nanosheets to expose maximal electro‐active surface, and provides strong interfacial interaction between FeOOH and Ti3C2 that facilitates fast charge transfer, leading to enhanced electrocatalytic performance. Specifically, the FeOOH NSs/Ti3C2 achieves a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at 1.63 V vs RHE with a Tafel slope of 95 mV dec−1, and possesses excellent OER stability with negligible attenuation of current density after 30 h. This work represents that growth of poor conductive active materials on 2D MXene can boost the catalytic performance of electrocatalyst.
Synthesis of 2‐Cyanoquinazolin‐4‐ones from 3′,5′‐Dichloro‐1H‐spiro(quinazoline‐2,4′‐[1,2,6]thiadiazin)‐4(3H)‐ones
Authors: Kalogirou Andreas S. , Kourtellaris Andreas , Koutentis Panayiotis A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA two‐step synthesis of five 2‐cyanoquinazolin‐4‐ones starting from 3,4,4,5‐tetrachloro‐4H‐1,2,6‐thiadiazine is presented. The latter reacts with 2‐aminobenzamides to give 3′,5′‐dichloro‐1H‐spiro(quinazoline‐2,4′‐[1,2,6]thiadiazin)‐4(3H)‐ones, which can be degraded with either excess polymer bound triphenylphosphine or catalytic amounts of benzyltriethylammonium iodide to give the 2‐cyanoquinazolin‐4‐ones in 46–97% yields. The single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis of 2‐cyanoquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one is also reported.
Metal‐Tuned Acetylene Linkages in Hydrogen Substituted Graphdiyne Boosting the Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Guo Ying , Liu Jianwen , Yang Qi , Ma Longtao , Zhao Yuwei , Huang Zhaodong , Li Xinliang , Dong Binbin , Fu Xian‐Zhu , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDifferent from graphene with the highly stable sp2‐hybridized carbon atoms, which shows poor controllability for constructing strong interactions between graphene and guest metal, graphdiyne has a great potential to be engineered because its high‐reactive acetylene linkages can effectively chelate metal atoms. Herein, a hydrogen‐substituted graphdiyne (HsGDY) supported metal catalyst system through in situ growth of Cu3Pd nanoalloys on HsGDY surface is developed. Benefiting from the strong metal‐chelating ability of acetylenic linkages, Cu3Pd nanoalloys are intimately anchored on HsGDY surface that accordingly creates a strong interaction. The optimal HsGDY‐supported Cu3Pd catalyst (HsGDY/Cu3Pd‐750) exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with an admirable half‐wave potential (0.870 V), an impressive kinetic current density at 0.75 V (57.7 mA cm−2) and long‐term stability, far outperforming those of the state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C catalyst (0.859 V and 15.8 mA cm−2). This excellent performance is further highlighted by the Zn–air battery using HsGDY/Cu3Pd‐750 as cathode. Density function theory calculations show that such electrocatalytic performance is attributed to the strong interaction between Cu3Pd and CC bonds of HsGDY, which causes the asymmetric electron distribution on two carbon atoms of CC bond and the strong charge transfer to weaken the shoulder‐to‐shoulder π conjugation, eventually facilitating the ORR process.
Real‐Time Monitoring of Colloidal Crystallization in Electrostatically‐Levitated Drops
Authors: Hwang Hyerim , Cho Yong Chan , Lee Sooheyong , Choi Tae Min , Kim Shin‐Hyun , Lee Geun Woo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractColloidal crystallization is analogous to the crystallization in bulk atomic systems in various aspects, which has been explored as a model system. However, a real‐time probing of the phenomenon still remains challenging. Here, a levitation system for a study of colloidal crystallization is demonstrated. Colloidal particles in a levitated droplet are gradually concentrated by isotropic evaporation of water from the surface of the droplet, resulting in crystallization. The structural change of the colloidal array during crystallization is investigated by simultaneously measuring the volume and reflectance spectra of the droplet. The crystal nucleates from the surface of the droplet at which the volume fraction exceeds the threshold and then the growth proceeds. The crystal growth behavior depends on the initial concentrations of colloidal particles and salts which determine the overall direction of crystal growth and interparticle spacing, respectively. The results show that a levitating bulk droplet has a great potential as a tool for in situ investigation of colloidal crystallization.