bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three kinds of treatment and their combination against coronavirus PEDV
Authors: Li Cuicui , Wang Xiao-Jia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) of the family Coronaviridae has caused substantial economic losses in the swine husbandry industry. The currently available vaccines are only partially effective and there is no specific drug available for treatment of viral infection.Method In the current study, we use animal coronavirus PEDV as a model to study antiviral agents. Briefly, a fusion inhibitor tHR2, recombinant lentivirus-delivered shRNAs targeted to conserved M and N sequences, homoharringtonine (HHT), and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were surveyed for their antiviral effects. Results Treatment with HCQ at 50 mM reduced virus titer in TCID50 by 30 fold, and the combination with HHT at 150 nM reduced virus titer in TCID50 by 200 fold. Conclusion The combination of two drugs with low dose can more effectively inhibit PEDV infection compared to one alone. The present study offers information to contribute to the development of effective antiviral strategies against coronavirus infection, and demonstrates that the combination treatment, even at low concentrations, presents more potent antiviral activity than the separate components acting alone.
Understanding Sandfly Sampling Methods: The Sticky Traps are attraction-based and not interceptive sampling tools of Phlebotomus orientalis
Authors: Elnaiem Dia-Eldin , Khogali Altayeb , Basheer Basheer , Dakin Osman , Jibreel Tayseer , Hassan Mohamed , Mohamed Hassan , Elhadi Hanan , Nour Bakri , Osman Omran , Boer Margriet den , Alvar Jorge , Khalid Noteila 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : It is generally assumed that sticky traps are interceptive sandfly sampling methods, although no previous experimental evidence has supported this assumption. In this study, we test this assumption experimentally for Phlebotomus orientalis , the principal vector of visceral leishmaniasis in East Africa, and provide an explanation for why their collection is highly male-biased. Methods: Three field experiments were carried out in March 2016-June 2019, in Gedarif state, eastern Sudan. In a first experiment, we compared numbers of P. orientalis caught with sticky traps made of black, red, transparent, white, yellow, green and blue A4 size papers that were set simultaneously at different lunar light conditions. In a second and a third experiments, we compared numbers of P. orientalis captured on sticky traps placed side by side horizontally or vertically on the ground or horizontally on a stool. We also made observations on mating behaviour of sandflies following their landing on un-sticky papers placed on the ground. Results: Phlebotomus orientalis showed significant attraction to white, yellow and transparent traps; with negligible numbers caught on the black and the red traps. Similarly, significantly higher numbers of P. orientalis were attracted to the horizontal traps, resulting in 8-fold increase in their yield as compared to the vertical traps. Placing the traps on the stools resulted in significant reduction of this attraction. In contrast to the sticky traps that captured only very few females, our observations indicated that when male sandflies land on un-sticky white paper they successfully lure females and copulate with them. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that for P. orientalis, sticky traps are more attractant-based than interception-based sampling tools and supports the notion that males of this sandfly species probably utilize the bright surface of the papers of the traps to perform mating rituals to attract the females for copulation. However, their pre-mature death in the sticky oil hampers the completion of these rituals and thus the result in failure of the attraction of the females. The findings of the study have important implications for optimization of the ST design for vector surveillance purpose and understanding the behaviour of P. orientalis .
Validation of a Spanish version of the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) measure for Chronic Otitis Media (COMQ-12)
Authors: Tono Ana M. Otoya , Herrera Lucía C. Pérez , García Daniel Peñaranda , López Sergio Moreno , Pedraza Ricardo Sánchez , Gómez Juan M. García , Phillips John S. , Sanjuan Augusto Penaranda 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Evaluation of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is considered an important aspect of clinical assessment and health research. Chronic Otitis Media (COM) is related to the quality of life deterioration subsequent to COM symptoms, social communication impairments and lower work performance. However, there is no reliable information regarding the impact of this disease on health and quality of life in many resource-poor countries. Therefore, we translated into Spanish and culturally adapted the Chronic Otitis Media Questionnaire-12 (COMQ-12) for the evaluation of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of Chronic Otitis Media (COM) in adult patients. Also, we assessed the psychometric properties of our version of the questionnaire.Methods Two otology referral centers in Bogotá, Colombia were included. The Spanish version of COMQ-12 was applied twice to 200 adult patients with confirmed COM diagnosis and to 31 healthy controls in order to perform the validation process and assess the internal consistency of this questionnaire. Psychometric characteristics (replicability, reliability, and validity) of the COMQ-12 were assessed. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted via structural equation modeling (SEM) in order to test the questionnaire’s structure.Results The Spanish version of the COMQ-12 showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha=0.8526, McDonald’s Omega = 0.8901). Coefficients corresponding to Lin’s Concordance test and test-retest reliability were 0.945 and 0.82 respectively. Correlation between the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the COMQ-12 was = 0.676 (IC 95% = 0.593; 0.745). Factor analysis of the Spanish version of the COMQ-12 indicated a questionnaire structure with three domains: smelly discharge related symptoms; hearing loss related symptoms; and impact on work, lifestyle and health services.Conclusion This Spanish version of the COMQ-12 showed high reliability and high internal consistency. This questionnaire can be used as an objective clinical tool to assess the HRQoL of patients who have a COM diagnosis.
Emergency Overcrowding is Seasonal in a Hospital in Hainan Province, Southern China
Authors: jiao jie , wang meng , LEI YONG-HONG , WANG TAO 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Emergency overcrowding is a serious problem for hospital staff in China. Immigrant patients caused emergency overcrowding in a hospital in southern China. However, the demographic characteristics of this population have not been determined. Methods Data on all emergency visitors, including patients who stayed in emergency department (ED) observation units or critical care units were collected and saved in an Excel sheet. Patient characteristics, including place of origin, type of disease, visiting time, and factors associated with prolonged stay in the ED, were analyzed. Results There were 141,024 emergency visitors in a 5-year interval, and only 24.0% of them were local residents. The number of patients was higher from November to March of next year. Immigrant patients usually had more commodity diseases than local residents. A total of 3,173 patients stayed in the ED observation unit or critical care unit in one-year interval. The number of patients in the ED and their LOS were higher from November 2017 to March 2018. Conclusions Emergency overcrowding in a hospital in southern China was seasonal and was caused by an increasing number of immigrants. Several patients stayed in the ED for a long time, especially those with special commodity diseases. Hospitals and the government should take measures to address the problems related to emergency overcrowding. Key words: Emergency overcrowding; Immigrant patients; Southern China
Afetlerde Hemşirelerin Psikolojik İlk Yardım Rolleri
Authors: Özyer Yasemin , Dinçer Samet 
Published: February 2020

Afetler dünya genelinde artış göstermektedir. Sağlık
çalışanları, toplum genelinde bir afet durumunda uygun ve verimli bir şekilde
olaylara müdahale edebilmeli ve cevap verebilmelidir. Geleneksel sağlık eğitimi
afetler gibi yüksek riskli ya da az karşılaşılan olaylarla ilgili olarak
gerçekci deneyimlerin sağlandığı bir eğitim vermemektedir. Sağlık
çalışanlarının büyük çoğunluğunu oluşturan hemşireler afetlere hazırlık ve
hasta bakımında kilit rol oynamaktadır. Afetlere müdahale konusunda yeterli
bilgiye, beceriye, yeterliliğe ve hazırlığa sahip olmaları gerekmektedir. Afet
hemşireliği ve risk yönetiminde eğitim almamakla birlikte afet müdahalesine
katılan sağlık personelinin bu yönde geliştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma,
afetlerde görev alan hemşirelerin, afet konusunda bilgi, beceri, yeterlik, yetkinlik, psikolojik ilk yardım ve afete
hazırlık eğitimlerinin önemini vurgulamak amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Educating to Say ‘no’ to Reject High-Risk Suggestions Through Roleplaying Model Among Middle School Students
Authors: Shabani Fatemeh , Ghafari Mohtasham , Boroumandfar Zahra 
Published: February 2020

Background:
As the adolescents lack necessary social and communicational skills, the present study aimed to educate to say ‘no’ to reject high-risk suggestions through the use of role play model.

Methods:
In a field trial, 145 female students using randomized sampling were selected in Arak. The checklist made for saying ‘no’ was completed before, immediately and two months after the intervention for students. The study was conducted based on the skill of saying ‘no’ through role-play training method. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical tests through SPSS.

Results:
The mean scores of skills of saying ‘no’ to reject high risk suggestions showed a significant difference among the subjects before, immediately and two months after intervention (respectively p=0.000, p=0.009)

Conclusion:
The results indicate that the educational interventions of preventive behaviors are necessary for students to improve their skill of saying ‘no’.
Faktor-Faktor Dan Upaya Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Pencurian Sepeda Motor (Studi Kasus Polresta Banda Aceh)
Authors: Ali Ali , Lukman Zulhamdani 
Published: February 2020

Angka kejahatan dalam kehidupan manusia ini sangatlah besar dan termasuk dalam gejala sosial yang akan selalu di hadapi oleh setiap manusia, masyarakat dan negara pada umumnya. Begitu besarnya kejahatan ini dibuktikan kenyataan bahwa kejahatan tidak dapat diberantas habis tapi hanya dapat dicegah dan diminimalisir. Kejahatan perlulah mendapatkan perhatian yang serius mengingat efek dan kerugian yang di timbulkannya, yang berdampak merugikan negara, masyarakat maupun individu. Adapun rumusan masalah dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah Bagaimana penanggulangan tindak pidana pencurian sepeda motor ditingkat penyidik Polresta Banda Aceh? Dan Faktor-faktor apa saja yang menimbulkan tindak pidana pencurian sepeda motor di lingkungan masyarakat Banda Aceh?. tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, yakni penelitian yang difokuskan untuk mengkaji penerapan kaidah-kaidah atau norma-norma dalam hukum positif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah pihak dari Polresta Banda Aceh meskipun sudah lebih membaik sedikit demi sedikit, tetapi banyak mengalami banyak kekuragan yang masih saja di temui. Kesimpulan dari skripsi ini Tindak pidana adalah kejatahan yang melanggar hukum dan perbuatan ini tidak merupakan perbuatan yang melawan hukum. Dalam skripsi ini khususnya tindak pidana sepeda motor, tindak pidana ini sangat buruk dan selalu terjadi dilingkungan masyarakat khususnya di kota Banda aceh, sehingga sangat susah diminimalisir, Penanggulangan yang sudah dilakukan oleh kepolisian disini lambat laun sudah membaik, banyak yang sudah diperbaiki walaupun banyak juga kekurangan seperti sarana dan prasana dan juga anggota yang bermutu, dan Faktor-faktor dalam tindak pidana ini semakin banyak dikarenakan tabiat seorang manusia adalah tidak pernah cukup dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya.
“Colégio invisível do cientista Adolpho Lutz na área de Medicina Tropical: análise cientométrica e análise de conteúdo.
Authors: Santos Maria José Veloso da Costa , Guedes Vânia Lisboa da Silveira 
Published: February 2020

Desenvolve pesquisa tendo como base documentos de arquivo do cientista Adolpho Lutz (1855-1940), particularmente, utilizando sua correspondência científica, que serviu como canal de comunicação informal para a troca de conhecimento sobre a febre amarela e a malária, na área de Medicina Tropical, no final do século XIX e primeiras quatro décadas do século XX. O estudo se inscreve na fronteira entre a História da Ciência e a Ciência da Informação, porque analisa a trajetória da Medicina Tropical no Brasil à luz de pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Ciência da Informação, particularmente, das áreas de Comunicação Científica e Bibliometria, sob a perspectiva cientométrica, conjugadas às metodologias de análise de conteúdo e análise de redes sociais. Objetiva analisar o colégio invisível do cientistas e levantar termos que compõem o campo semântico da Medicina Tropical, particularmente nas doenças febre amarela e malária, visando à sua contextualização, no corpus das cartas, bem como a modelagem da rede terminológica e da egonet de Adolpho Lutz. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, para a composição do corpus, foram selecionadas 99 cartas do acervo da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde Adolpho Lutz. O corpus foi processado à luz da Lei de Zipf e do Ponto de Transição de Goffman, seguidos da aplicação das técnicas de análise de conteúdo categorial e de análise de redes sociais. Os resultados confirmam a premissa de que a carta é um tipo de gênero do discurso científico com grau de informatividade em relação aos temas estudados, de tal modo que, termos com alto conteúdo semântico situam-se na Região de Concentração de Goffman, de forma semelhante aos resultados atingidos por pesquisas realizadas tendo como corpus artigos de periódicos científicos.
Evaluation of Anti-diabetic and Anti-hyperlipidemic Activity of Rhododendron arboreum bark extract against Streptozocin Induced Diabetes in Rats
Authors: Gautam Suman , Chaudhary Kabiraj 
Published: February 2020

The anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity of R. arboreum in bark extract against streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. R. arboreum bark extract in ethanolic solution was prepared by soxhlatation method and stored in refrigerator for further use. The plant extract was tested for its hypoglycaemic property in glucose overloaded albino rats. The effect of extract was evaluated for its anti-diabetic action in STZ induced diabetic rats on 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. Treatment with the ethanolic extract of Rhododendron arboreum significantly decreased blood glucose in diabetic rats and glucose overloaded rats, where as the extract also improved the others biochemical parameters associated with diabetes like total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL were reduced and HDL level was increased .The cardioprotective and nephroprotective qualities of the extract was determined by measuring biomarker LDH in diabetic rats. The histopathology of pancreas was studied to support the experimental results. The histology of pancreatic islet cells was normal in non-diabetic animals, whereas in diabetic treated rats. The significant percentage reduction of glucose level was found to be 44.78% at the dose of 200 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Rhododendron arboreum at 28th day of the treatment.
Analisa Produktifitas Alat Berat Pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Fakultas Syariah dan Ilmu Hukum IAIN Tulungagung
Authors: Kaprina Aprilia , Winarto Sigit , Purnomo Yosef Cahyo Setianto 
Published: February 2020

Alat berat merupakan faktor penting di dalam proyek, terutama proyek-proyek konstruksi dengan skala yang besar. Alat berat yang digunakan dalam ilmu teknik sipil adalah alat yang digunakan untuk membantu manusia dalam melakukan pekerjaan pembangunan dan diperhitungkan analisa produktifitas alat berat agar penggunaannya lebih efisiensi dari segi waktu dan biaya operasionalnya.Proyek ini berfungsi sebagai bangunan tempat untuk aktifitas perkuliahan dan tanah lokasi proyek memiliki luas total bangunan sebesar 22.983 m. Jenis alat berat yang digunakan untuk pekerjaan tanah dan pekerjaan struktur ialah Excavator, Dumptruck, dan Tower Crane. Agar memperoleh hasil produksi alat secara optimal perlu dilakukan analisis data untuk mengetahui anggaran biaya yang dikeluarkan sesuai analisa SNI. Dengan demikian kita dapat menganalisa penggunaan alat berat dengan tepat dan memperhitungkan biaya yang diperlukan dalam penggunaan alat tersebut. Perencanaan dengan menggunakan alat berat dipengaruhi oleh pemilihan alat berat, kondisi alat berat, kemampuan operator, situasi dan kondisi medan kerja dilapangan.Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisa produktifitas alat berat yang meliputi pekerjaan pekerjaan tanah dan pekerjaan struktur kerja tower crane diperoleh hasil penelitian alat berat yang tepat, waktu yang singkat dan dapat digunakan agar seluruh alat berat dapat bekerja optimal.Dari beberapa kombinasi, di Kombinasi III yang paling efektif dan efisien waktu pelaksanaannya dalam menyelesaikan pekerjaan galian, timbunan dan pekerjaan struktur kerja tower crane yaitu 2 unit Excavator, 4 Dumptruck, dan 1 Tower Crane. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk melakukan pekerjaan tersebut adalah 251,52 jam dengan biaya alat berat sebesar Rp 276.422.572,00 dan jumlah analisa sumber daya manusia sebesar Rp 9.555.249.830,00 pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Fakultas Syariah dan Ilmu Hukum IAIN Tulungagung. Kata Kunci : Alat berat, efisien, waktu, dan biaya.
ANALISA PLAT KONVENSIONAL DENGAN PLATE FLATES PADA GEDUNG BPN KOTAMADYA MALANG
Authors: Asyari Musa Al , Cahyo Yosef , Winarto Sigit 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT Reinforced concrete is a composite element consisting of concrete and reinforcing steel planted in concrete. The main properties of concrete are strong in compressive forces but weak in tensile forces. Reinforcing steel in concrete serves to cover these weaknesses, namely resisting tensile forces and some compressive forces. The strength of the concrete itself is based on mixed proportions, conditions of temperature and humidity where the concrete will harden. Plates flates is the right choice for the owner loss of aesthetics due to transverse beam. From the calculation results it turns out that no special shear reinforcement is needed, adjustments by enlarging the column dimensions, plate strength or thickness. = 694 KN> Vn = 361,512 KN. To produce space efficiency that is expected, it is better to use plate flates. In terms of calculations it turns out that the plate flates need more reinforcement when compared to conventional plates. Keywords: conventional plate, plate flate,
PERENCANAAN PENINGKATAN JALAN PADA RUAS JALAN PACITAN-NGADIROJO
Authors: Harsono Bakhtiar Andhi , Winarto Sigit , Cahyo Yosef 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT The Pacitan-Ngadirojo road section is one of the East Java Province Roads located in Pacitan District, which includes cross-district roads. The condition of the Pacitan-Ngadirojo road segment is generally a flat road that has several bends, inclines and derivatives along the link. Passing through a number of sub-districts and villages in the Pacitan Regency area which has right and left sides, there are settlements, agricultural land, plantations, gardens, rice fields, and traditional shopping places.To analyze road performance, the writer uses the method Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI, 1997), while to calculate the thickness of road pavement, we use the method Bina Marga (1987).From the results of the road performance analysis, data were obtained as follows: Degree of Saturation (DS) on the Pacitan-Ngadirojo road segment beginning in 2011 amounted to 0.047 while the performance analysis for the next 10 years obtained a DS of 0,078. This means that the level of road services on the road segment has not yet taken into account traffic actions or management, which in this case is road widening.For the calculation of pavement thickness with the Bina Marga Method the flexible pavement thickness on the Pacitan-Ngadirojo road section is 7,5 cm. Key words : Road Improvement Planing, Pavement Thickness, Degree of Saturation
PERENCANAAN PONDASI TIANG PANCANG PADA GEDUNG SEKRETARIAT DEWAN DPRD KABUPATEN KEDIRI
Authors: Hartanto Dwi , Cahyo Yosef , Winarto Sigit 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT The foundation holds a very important role in the construction of a building. Aside from being the foundation of the strength of a building construction, the foundation plays a role in distributing the burden of the building on it, so that it can be channeled to the subsoil well and make the building stand firm. For this reason, the calculation of the foundation must be calculated precisely so that the construction of the building can be stable and not decrease. The purpose of this study was to plan the carrying capacity and size and reinforcement of the stake in the Kediri Regency DPRD Secretariat Building with sondir data. The author conducts the examination method directly in the field and coordinates with the Planning Consultant and looks for references from several literature. From the results of the author's calculation, it can be concluded as follows: 1. The loading that occurs in one to four floor buildings is: a) 4th floor life load and dead load are obtained at 684558.8 kg b) 3d floor load and dead load are obtained at 701838.8 kg c) The second floor's live load and dead load are obtained at 736398.8 kg d) The 1st floor living load and dead load are obtained at 736398.8 kg e) Then, the total loading (Wt) was obtained 2806395.4 kg = 2859.19 tons 2. Pile foundation dimensions = 40 cm; depth = 10 meters, with the number of two pieces per Pile Cap 3. The amount of reinforcement needs on the building foundation is 20575.05 kg In planning the foundation of a building the completeness of the data is an absolute requirement that is needed so that the level of security and efficiency of the foundation can be planned and carried out in the field appropriately.
Tiempo de desarrollo y supervivencia de Arhopalus syriacus (Reitter) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), una plaga potencialmente perjudicial de Pinus sp. en Argentina
Authors: Fachinetti R. , Pedemonte M.L. , Grilli M.P. 
Published: February 2020

Arhopalus syriacus is an exotic longhorn beetle that attacks mainly Pinus and is present in pine forests of Argentina. The objective of this study was to estimate development and survival of A. syriacus at 25 °C on an artificial diet. Developmental time, developmental rates, pupal weights, larval length, and head capsule widths were recorded in laboratory conditions whereas emergency time of adults, sex ratio and female reproduction were studied using pine logs. Larvae pupated after 6, 7, 8 and 9 stadia. Head-capsule width and larval length decreased from the fourth and sixth instar respectively. Female pupae were heavier than male ones and this situation was the same for pupal length. Survival was lower in the first two instars but increased to 100% in all mature larvae and pupae. The maximum abundances of adults from pine logs occurred in November and December. Male adults lived 9.27 ± 0.84 days and female 9.12 ± 1.61 days. Female adults were heavier than males and the number of new larvae per female was 80.65 ± 10.62. The life cycle duration of A. syriacus was 298.86 ± 13.66 days.