bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating Malaria Incidence From Routine Health Facility-Based Surveillance Data in Uganda
Authors: Epstein Adrienne , Namuganga Jane Frances , Kamya Emmanuel Victor , Nankabirwa Joaniter I , Bhatt Samir , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel , Staedke Sarah G , Kamya Moses R , Dorsey Grant , Greenhouse Bryan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. Accurate measures of malaria incidence are essential to track progress and target high-risk populations. While health management information system (HMIS) data provide counts of malaria cases, quantifying the denominator for incidence using these data is challenging because catchment areas and care-seeking behaviors are not well defined. This study’s aim was to estimate malaria incidence using HMIS data by adjusting the population denominator accounting for travel time to the health facility.Methods. Outpatient data from two public health facilities in Uganda (Kihihi and Nagongera) over a three year period (2011-2014) were used to model the relationship between travel time from patient village of residence (available for each individual) to the facility and the relative probability of attendance using Poisson generalized additive models. Outputs from the model were used to generate a weighted population denominator for each health facility and estimate malaria incidence. Among children aged 6 months to 11 years, monthly HMIS-derived incidence estimates, with and without population denominators weighted by probability of attendance, were compared with gold standard measures of malaria incidence measured in prospective cohorts. Results. A total of 48,898 outpatient visits were recorded across the two sites over the study period. HMIS incidence correlated with cohort incidence over time at both study sites (correlation in Kihihi = 0.64, p < 0.001; correlation in Nagongera = 0.34, p = 0.045). HMIS incidence measures with denominators unweighted by probability of attendance underestimated cohort incidence aggregated over the three years in Kihihi (0.5 cases per person-year [PPY] versus 1.7 cases PPY) and Nagongera (0.3 cases PPY versus 3.0 cases PPY). HMIS incidence measures with denominators weighted by probability of attendance were closer to cohort incidence, but remained underestimates (1.1 cases PPY in Kihihi and 1.4 cases PPY in Nagongera).Conclusions. Although malaria incidence measured using HMIS underestimated incidence measured in cohorts, even when adjusting for probability of attendance, HMIS surveillance data are a promising and scalable source for tracking relative changes in malaria incidence over time, particularly when the population denominator can be estimated by incorporating information on village of residence.
Effects of HMGA2 on the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Related Genes in ACHN Renal Cell Carcinoma Cells-Derived Xenografts in Nude Mice
Authors: Lv Guangyao , Song Lingling , Gong Guanyu , Chen Qian , Li Kai , Liu Xianfeng , Ding Yan , Liu Ying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The architectural transcriptional regulator high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) is an oncofetal protein which has been reported to be ectopically expressed in a variety of cancers. A high expression of HMGA2 in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is related with tumor invasiveness and poor prognosis. In the in vitro studies, HMGA2 knockdown was found to lead to decreased cell proliferation, decreased migration and changes in gene expression related with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Methods: In order to understand HMGA2’s effect in vivo , HMGA2 expression was knocked-down in ACHN cells using small hairpin RNA (shRNA). The HMGA2-deficient ACHN cells were xenografted into the BALB/c nude mice. The tumor growth was monitored and the expression of EMT-related genes was analyzed. Results: HMGA2 expression was confirmed to be knocked-down in the cultured and xenografted ACHN cells. The xenograft tumor of HMGA2-deficient cells demonstrated a retarded growth pattern compared with control. The expression of E-cadherin was increased, whereas N-cadherin and Snail were decreased in the HMGA2-deficient xenograft tumors. Conclusions: The present study suggested that the epigenetic regulation of EMT-related gene expression by HMGA2 exists both in the in vitro and in vivo conditions. It is likely that through this mechanism, HMGA2 regulates the cell growth in renal cell carcinoma.
Cynaropicrin Shows Antitumor Progression Potential in Colorectal Cancer through Mediation of the LIFR/STATs Axis
Authors: Zheng Dandan , Zhu Yu , Xiang Youqun , Dai Xuanxuan , Hu Wanle , Zhou Bin , Liu Zhiguo , Zhao Haiyang , Zhao Chengguang , Huang Xiaoying , Wang Liangxiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest malignant disease in the world, with a large number of new cases being reported every year. The leukemia inhibitory factor receptor/signal transducers and activators of transcriptions (LIFR/STATs) signaling axis plays an important role in the molecular biology of CRC. The inactivation of STATs is a promising anticancer strategy. Cynaropicrin is a sesquiterpene lactone with a variety of pharmacological functions, which may be used as a potential targeted cancer drug for the prevention or treatment of human CRC. Methods: Cell function tests were performed to observe the inhibitory effect of Cynaropicrin on human CRC cells (RKO, HCT116 and DLD1). Expression levels of LIFR, P-STAT3, P-STAT4 and apoptotic proteins were detected by Western blotting. Immunoprecipitation confirmed the presence of LIFR/STAT3/STAT4 complex. Cell immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the subcellular localization of STAT3 and STAT4. In vivo efficacy of Cynaropicrin was evaluated by a xenotransplantation model in nude mice.Results: Cynaropicrin significantly reduced the survival ability of human CRC cells and promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Western blotting results suggested that the antitumor effects of cynaropicrin might be mediated by inhibition of the LIFR/STATs axis. Cynaropicrin reduced the formation of STAT3/STAT4 heterodimers and blocked their entry into the nucleus. Cynaropicrin also suppressed tumor growth in the HCT116 xenograft model.Conclusion: The above experimental results showed that cynaropicrin exerted a strong inhibitory effect on CRC in vitro and in vivo. Our study concluded that cynaropicrin has potential application prospects in the field of anti-CRC therapy.
Adenomyoepithelioma with malignant transformation and repeated local recurrence: A case report
Authors: Oda Goshi , Nakagawa Tsuyoshi , Sugimoto Hitoshi , Mio Mori , Fujioka Tomoyuki , Onishi Iichiroh , Uetake Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Adenomyoepithelioma (AME) is a rare type of benign breast tumor. Many AMEs have demonstrated benign behavior, but very few cases of malignant AME have been reported. Case presentation A 53-year-old woman visited our hospital with a 16-mm, palpable mass in the right breast. Core needle biopsy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was AME. Partial mastectomy was performed. Two years later, local recurrence developed, and the patient again underwent partial mastectomy. The pathology showed malignant AME, and the margin was negative. Eight months later, local recurrence developed again in the same location, and total mastectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was malignant AME. The patient has remained recurrence-free without adjuvant therapy.Conclusions A very rare case of AME with repeated local recurrences and malignant transformation was reported.
Effect of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructures and Properties of Laser-Welded FV520B Steel
Authors: Deng Dewei , Jie LV , Yushan MA , Xin TIAN , Zhiye HUANG , Yong ZHANG , Qinghua FAN , Yongxiang JIAO 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For the laser-welded FV520B steel welds, the experiments of post-weld aging treatment have been conducted at different temperatures. The microstructural transformations under various heat-treatment conditions are investigated by optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Vickers hardness and impact toughness are also measured after the aging treatments. The results of microstructural observations show that before heat treatment the fusion zone (FZ) mainly includes low carbon martensite and δ-ferrite. With the increase of aging temperature and time, in FZ the δ-ferrite phase spheroidizes and disappears. When the aging temperature is lower than 400 ºC, the carbides grow with increasing aging time. After aging treatment at 550 ºC for 12 h, a small amount of reversed austenite appears in FZ. The volume fraction of reversed austenite increases with the further increase of aging temperature and time. However, in FZ all the reversed austenite disappears after aging at 650 ºC for 12 h. This indicates that at room temperature the amount of reversed austenite is related not only to the volume fraction of the reversed austenite obtained from aging, but also to the stability of reversed austenite during cooling. The Vickers hardness and impact toughness of the welds mainly depend on the balance between the dispersion strengthening effect of the Cu-rich precipitates and the weakening effect of tempered martensite. The presence of reversed austenite can also improve the toughness of welds. In addition, as the aging temperature and aging time increase, the hardness difference between the three zones of FZ, heat affected zone (HAZ) and base metal (BM) decreases.
Application of Virtual Noncontrast CT Generation Technology From Intravenous Enhanced CT Based on Deep Learning in Proton Radiotherapy
Authors: sui jianfeng , Gao Liugang , Shang Haijiao , Li Chunying , Lu Zhengda , Mu He , Lin Tao , Xie Kai , Sun Jiawei , Bi Hui , Ni Xinye 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to generate virtual noncontrast (VNC) computed tomography (CT) from intravenous enhanced CT by using Unet convolutional neural network (CNN). The differences among enhanced, VNC, and noncontrast CT in proton dose calculation were compared. Methods: A total of 30 groups of CT images of patients who received enhanced and noncontrast CT were selected. Enhanced and noncontrast CT were registered. Among these patients, 20 groups of the CT images were chosen as the training set. Enhanced CT images were used as the input, and the corresponding noncontrast CT images were used as output to train the Unet neural network. The remaining 10 groups of CT images were chosen as the test set. VNC images were generated by the trained Unet neural network. The same proton radiotherapy plan for esophagus cancer was designed based on three images. Proton dose distributions in enhanced, VNC, and noncontrast CT were calculated. The relative dose differences in enhanced CT with VNC and noncontrast CT were analyzed. Results: The mean absolute error (MAE) of the CT values between enhanced and noncontrast CT was 32.3 ± 2.6 HU. The MAE of the CT values between VNC and noncontrast CT was 6.7 ± 1.3 HU. The mean values of the enhanced CT in the great vessel, heart, lung, liver, and spinal cord were significantly higher than those of noncontrast CT, with the differences of 97, 83, 42, 40, and 10 HU, respectively. The mean values of the VNC CT showed no significant difference with noncontrast CT. The differences among enhanced, VNC, and noncontrast CT in terms of the average relative proton dose for clinical target volume(CTV), heart, great vessels, and lung were also investigated. The average relative proton doses of the contrast CT for these organs were significantly lower than those of noncontrast CT. The largest difference was observed in the great vessel, while the differences in other organs were relatively small. The γ-passing rates of the enhanced and VNC CT were calculated by 2% dose difference and 2 mm distance to agreement. Results showed that the mean γ-passing rate of VNC CT was significantly higher than that of enhanced CT (p<0.05). Conclusions: The proton radiotherapy design based on enhanced CT increased the range error, thereby resulting in calculation errors of the proton dose. Therefore, a technology that can be used to generate VNC CT from enhanced CT based on Unet neural network was proposed. The proton dose calculated based on VNC CT images was essentially consistent with that based on noncontrast CT.
Molecular Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae Infection in Eastern China: for A Retrospective Study Over 4 Years
Authors: Zhao Dongmei , Li Hongru , Yue Chengcheng , Liu Yanyan , Ye Ying , Li Jiabin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) have undergone extensive dissemination in worldwide resulting in increased mortality. We performed a retrospective analysis of epidemiology and risk factors for CRKP infection in a general teaching hospital in China.Methods: A molecular and clinical study were conducted for 98 CRKP in a tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2016. Carbapenemase gene detection, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) were performed. Logistic regression was also used to identify the risk factors associating with the 30-day mortality.Results: The producition of KPC cabapenemase was the main resistant mechanism and increased annually with a significant difference. However, the molecular outcome revealed the dominance and diversity in CRKP with 24 sequence types (STs) and 59 PFGE types (PTs ). The ST11 CRKP were documented as the predominant strains in our study, which showed a significant increasing trend year by year. Additionally, the predominant ST11 CRKP corresponding to PT10 and PT15 remained a typical fashion. Of note, the new advantage PT09 or PT16 were just discovered in 2016 which also corresponding to ST11. Meanwhile, the factors on 30-day mortality and ST11 proportionality with CRKP infection were assessed, which showed that ST11, appropriate empirical treatment, and hospital stays were independently associated with 30-day mortality. Conclusions: ST11 CRKP payed a dominant role in the process, but the homology of these strains was polymorphic and the advantage clusters would be changed by evolution. Additionally, besides appropriate empirical treatment and hospital stays, ST11 CRKP was independently associated with the 30-day mortality, first reported as we know.
Differing Context-Specific Sedentary Behaviors in Australian Adults with Higher and Lower Diabetes Risk
Authors: Homer Ashleigh R , Owen Neville , Sethi Parneet , Clark Bronwyn K , Healy Genevieve N. , Dempsey Paddy C. , Dunstan David W 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Time spent sitting in different settings can pose different risks to health. In Australian adults either with higher and lower diabetes risk, this study examined the differing compositions of self-reported sitting time accumulated in five contexts (occupational, transport, TV viewing, leisure computer-use and other). Participants (n = 3927; 60 ± 11 years; 45% male) were from the 2011–2012 assessment wave of the AusDiab study. The relative compositions of self-reported context-specific sedentary behaviors to total sitting time were compared between those with and without previously undiagnosed dysglycaemia (impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or newly diagnosed T2D), in working (323 with, 1646 without; 5-part composition) and non-working (433, 1525; 4-part composition) adults. For working adults, compared to those without dysglycaemia, those with undiagnosed dysglycemia spent the same proportion of time sitting at work, 3% more time sitting during transport, 9% more time sitting watching TV, 2% less time sitting using a computer for leisure, and 9% less time sitting during other activities. For non-working adults, compared to those without, those with dysglycemia spent 26% less time sitting during transport, 9% more time sitting while watching TV, 29% less time sitting using a computer for leisure, and 5% more time sitting during other activities. In addition to addressing overall sitting time, those with higher levels of diabetes risk may benefit from targeted reductions in context-specific sedentary behaviors, particularly TV viewing time. These findings also provide a case in point with potential relevance for other health problems associated with sedentary behavior.
Il-1antagonist Treatment in Recurrent Aseptic Meningitis Related to Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Livny Ruth , Bitterman Yuval , Brik Riva , Aviel Yonatan Butbul 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive, auto-inflammatory disease, presenting with recurrent bouts of fever and polyserositis. FMF has been associated with central nervous system (CNS) manifestations such as Headache and Myalgia. The occurrence of other forms of nervous system involvement is rare, including seizures, sinus vein thrombosis, pseudotumor cerebri and more. There are only few case reports of aseptic meningitis due to FMF. Case presentation We present the case of a 14 year-old girl diagnosed with FMF, who experienced recurrent episodes of severe headache and aseptic meningitis while on maximal dose of colchicine therapy. She had a dramatic response to anakinra with symptoms resolving completely within a few days without recurrence. Subsequently, we identified seven cases in the literature describing recurrent aseptic meningitis in patients with underlying FMF; all showed response to colchicine treatment, without treatment failure. Conclusion Our case suggests a role for Interleukin 1 (IL-1) antagonists for cases of CNS involvement secondary to FMF in patients who fail to respond to colchicine, and might imply that anakinra could be effective in other auto-inflammatory diseases with CNS involvement.
A Novel Circular RNA circ-LRIG3 Facilitates the Malignant Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Modulating the EZH2/STAT3 Signaling
Authors: Sun Suofeng , Gao Jing , Zhou Shen , Li Yuan , Wang Yu , Jin Li , Li Jian , Liu Bowei , Zhang Bingyong , Han Shuangyin , Ding Hui , Li Xiuling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Circular RNA (circRNA) is emerging as an important player in human diseases, especially cancer. In our previous study, we identified a series of deregulated circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by performing circRNA microarray expression profile. Here, we aimed to explore the role of circ-LRIG3 (hsa_circ_0027345) in HCC.Methods: qRT-PCR and western blot were used to asses gene and protein expression, respectively. CCK-8, EdU and Transwell assays were used to detect cell proliferation, migration and invasion. GSEA software was applied to analyze the pathway related to circ-LRIG3. Co-IP, RIP and ChIP assays were used to identify the positive feedback axis of circ-LRIG3/EZH2/STAT3. Animal study was carried to test the role of circ-LRIG3 in vivo.Results: Circ-LRIG3 was notably upregulated in HCC and promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion and reduced apoptosis. Circ-LRIG3 formed a ternary complex with EZH2 and STAT3, facilitating EZH2-induced STAT3 methylation and subsequent phosphorylation, resulting in the activation of STAT3 signaling. In turn, activated STAT3 could directly bind to circ-LRIG3 promoter to increase circ-LRIG3 transcription activity, thus forming a positive feedback loop. The animal models showed that exogenous expression of circ-LRIG3 enhanced tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo, whereas these effects were blocked after treatment with C188-9, a specific STAT3 small-molecule inhibitor. Clinically, high circ-LRIG3 was closely linked with aggressive clinicopathological features and was identified as an independent risk prognostic factor of overall survival. Importantly, plasma circ-LRIG3 was found to be a highly sensitive and specific non-invasive diagnostic indicator for HCC. Conclusions: Our study reveals the carcinogenic role of circ-LRIG3 in HCC, which may provide a new therapeutic target for HCC patients.
Evaluation of Different Blood Feeding Frequencies on Glossina Palpalis Gambiensis Performance in A Mass Rearing Insectary
Authors: Camara Karifa , Ilboudo Kadidiata , Salou Ernest Wendemanegde , Gimonneau Geoffrey 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In tsetse flies mass rearing insectaries, the sustainable supply of high-quality blood meals is the main challenge, especially in Africa. Because collection of high-quality and quantity of blood may be an important constraint to production, blood feeding frequency can be a lever to lessen this impact. Therefore, this study evaluates three blood feeding frequencies on G. p. gambiensis colony performance.Methods: Three blood feeding treatments, i.e. three, four and six times per week, were evaluated on female’s survival, productivity, and progeny emergence rate and flight ability. Results: Females survival was significantly higher for flies feed four times per week (87%) than three (72%) and six times (78%, p<0.05). Productivity was similar between flies feed four and six times per week (457 and 454 larvae) but significantly reduced when fed three times (280 larvae produced; p<0.05). Similarly, emergence rate and flight ability rate were both similar between flies feed four (97 and 94%) and six times (96 and 97%) per week but significantly reduced when fed three times (89 and 84% respectively; p<0.05).Conclusions: Blood feeding frequency could be reduced to four times per week without affecting the mass rearing production and progeny quality. We discuss the implications of these results on tsetse mass rearing production.
MiR-204-5p/FOXC1/GDF7 Axis Regulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Via the AKT and p38 Signaling Pathways
Authors: Zhou You , Liu Siyu , Wang Wei , Sun Qiang , Lv Mengzhu , Yang Shude , Tong Shuang , Guo Shu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are stem cells with the potential to differentiate in multiple directions. MiR-204-5p is poorly expressed during osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs, and its specific regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the function and possible molecular mechanism of miR-204-5p involved in the osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Methods: The expression pattern of miR-204-5p, Runx2, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Osteocalcin (OCN), and Forkhead box C1(FOXC1) and growth differentiation factor 7(GDF7) in hADSCs during osteogenesis were detected by qRT-PCR. Then, ALP and alizarin red staining (ARS) were used to detect the activity of osteoblasts and mineral deposition. Western blot was conducted to confirm the protein levels. The regulation relationship among miR-204-5p, FOXC1 and GDF7 was verified by double luciferase activity and CHIP experiment.Results: First, miR-204-5p expression was down-regulated and overexpressed miR-204-5p suppressed the osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the levels of FOXC1 and GDF7 were decreased in the miR-204-5p mimics group, which indicate that overexpressed miR-204-5p would suppress the expression of FOXC1 and GDF7 through binding the 3’UTR region each. Overexpression of FOXC1 or GDF7 could improve the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs induced by the miR-204-5p mimics. Moreover, FOXC1 could bind to the promoter of miR-204-5p and GDF7, promote the deacetylation of miR-204-5p and reduced the expression of miR-204-5p, thus promoting the expression of GDF7 during osteogenic differentiation. GDF7 could induce hADSCs osteogenesis differentiation by activating the AKT and P38 signaling pathways. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that miR-204-5p/FOXC1/GDF7 axis regulates osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs via the AKT and p38 signaling pathways. This study further understood the regulatory mechanism of hADSCs differentiation balance from the perspective of miRNAs regulation.