bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study the acceptance, compliance and efficacy of injection depot medroxy progesterone acetate as contraception: a prospective observational study
Authors: Mane Nupur S. , Rokade Jyoti V. 
Published: December 2020

Background: India was the first country in the world to launch a family planning programme, as early as 1952, with the main aim of controlling its population. Depot medroxy progesterone acetate, or DMPA is a progestin-only method of contraception. It is a 3-monthly intramuscular injectable that delivers 150 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate in microcrystalline suspension form that delays absorption of the hormone after the injection. It provides long acting, effective and reversible contraception. In this study, we evaluated patients in reproductive age group 18-35 years who were willing to use injectable DMPA as a method of contraception to study the acceptance, compliance and efficacy of injection depot medroxyprogesterone acetate as contraception.Methods: It is a prospective observational study carried out at Government medical college Miraj on 150 patients who fulfil the inclusion criteria. The postpartum, interval and postabortal categorisation of patients done and they are councelled about the benefits and side effects and drawbacks of DMPA. Injection is given deep intramuscularly after written informed consent and a DMPA card is given to beneficiary. Follow up date explained and patients are observed for follow up and any evidence of bleeding weight gain or any other side effects of DMPA are noted.Results: The mean age of subjects was 24.48±3.494 years. 2) 3.3% of the patients were nullipara, primi para 46.7%, 36% were second para, 11.3% were third para and 2.7% were fourth par. 3) After 1st injection, 47.3% patients were lost to follow-up i.e., they did not turn up for their second dose of injection. 4) Out of 150 patients who accepted the injection as contraception, only 79 patients turned up for their 2nd injection after 3months, out of which only 37 patients turned up for their 3rd dose of injection after 6 months and only 5 patients turned up for their 3rd injection. Thus showing that the compliance is poor among this study population. 5) At 2nd injection, 39.2% discontinued due to amenorrhea, 10.7% discontinued due to irregular bleeding, 18.5% due to weight gain and 31.6% due undergoing permanent method. 6) No patients who came for follow up reported any pregnancies during the course of injection, therefore the efficacy of injection depot medroxy-progesterone acetate, as a method of contraception is 100% in this study.Conclusions: The DMPA is a good method of long acting reversible method of contraception with good acceptance and efficacy with less compliance.
Five-years review of obstetric hysterectomy at tertiary care center
Authors: Pawar Anita G. , Shinde Mangala A. , M. Sarasjothi , Nemagouda Priyanka B. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Obstetric hysterectomy (OH) is indicated as last resort operation to save the life of the mother and associated with high complication rates, so requires a highly experienced and skilled medical team ,to solve any complication. Objective was to identify incidence, demographic profile, indications, risk factors, complications, maternal morbidity and mortality associated with obstetric hysterectomy.Methods: Retrospective analytical study of 47 case records is done over period of last 5 years from October 1st October 2015 to 30th September 2020 at VDGIMS, a tertiary care center, Latur. Results are expressed in frequency and percentages.Results: In our study, the rate of OH was 1.1/1000 deliveries. Most common (68%) age group was 21-30 yrs, majority (70%) were multipara, and booked (76%). Most common indication of OH was atonic PPH (65%), followed by traumatic PP, including rupture uterus (21%), and placenta acreta (10%). Most OH was performed on emergency basis (91%) and of subtotal type (95%). Major mode of delivery was cesarean 65% and vaginal delivery in 21% cases. Most common risk factors were placental causes (55%), previous LSCS (48%) and hypertensive disorder (31%). High maternal morbidity in form of 100% blood transfusion rate, 93% ICU admission, inotropes and ventilator support in 59% cases and prolonged hospital stay in 75% cases seen. Most common complication were hemorrhagic shock 21%, DIC (29%), renal failure (12%) and septic shock (14%) with maternal death rate of 23% was noted.Conclusions: Obstetric hysterectomy is a necessary life-saving operation, but also associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality, which can be minimized with timely done procedure by experienced person.
Cranial nerve involvement: its role in intracranial tuberculosis
Authors: Synmon Baiakmenlang , Kayal Ashok 
Published: December 2020

Background: Tubercular meningitis is the most severe form of extra pulmonary involvement. Lack of specific and sensitive test calls for a multi-displinary and combined approach to make the diagnosis at the earliest. Various factors guide us to the etiology of meningoencephalitis but cranial nerve involvement has the highest predictive value.Methods: A prospective study from August 2013 to September 2015 carried in GMCH, Guwahati where 93 patients of intracranial tuberculosis was included.Results: This present study comprised of 36 females (38.7%) and 57 males (61.3%) with a mean age of 32.3±17.05 and a range of 2-72 years. The typical clinicalfeatures of meningitis was found in 78.6%. Focal neurological deficit and cranial nerve involvement was seen in 40 (43%) and 58 (62.4%) respectively. Among the cranial nerves (CN), the most commonly involved is the 2nd CN seen in 33 (35.5%), followed by 6th (16.1%), 7th (11.8%), 3rd (7.5%), 8th (3.2%), 9th and 10th, (2.2%) 4th (1.1%) and 5th (1.1%). Six patients developed visual loss and two patients hearing loss as sequelae. The presence of cranial nerve involvement and focal neurological deficit was shown to be associated with a poor prognosis (p value=0.04**, significant; Fisher’s exact test).Conclusions: Bedside clinical examination of patients of meningoencephalitis to detect cranial nerve involvement will definitely help us with the diagnosis and prognosis of tubercular meningitis.
Accuracy of triple assessment as a clinical tool in detection of carcinoma breast
Authors: . Akshdeep , Bhatia Amritpal Singh , Uppal Manjit Singh 
Published: December 2020

Background: One of the commonest clinical presentation of breast diseases is a lump. A definite diagnosis of any breast lump is very important to decide the course of treatment. The study evaluated that how effectively “triple assessment” helps in diagnosing carcinoma breast. Methods: The present study is a diagnostic study which was conducted on 50 patients. Each patient underwent a detailed history, CBE, mammography and FNAC. In this study the results of each examination were divided into three groups: benign, suspicious and malignant. The final result was compared with the HPE findings and diagnostic accuracy of triple assessment was assessed. Results: Total 86% of cases were found to be malignant on triple assessment and 14% cases were found out to be malignant later on histopathology. Among the malignant lesions, infiltrating ductal carcinoma had the lead 96%, followed by lobular carcinoma 1 case. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV for clinical breast examination was 97%, 100%, 66%, 100%. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for imaging was 88.89%, 100%, 100%, 88.46%. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV for FNAC was found to be 87.76%, 100%, 100%.Conclusions: The TT was concordant in 43 cases (86%). Sensitivity of triple assessment was 95%, specificity was 100% and negative predictive value to be 100%. The TT was concordant in 43 cases (86%). In rest of the 7 lesion which were non-concordant 6 were suspicious of malignancy and 1 was probably benign entity which were later on proven to be malignant lesions by histopathology. Sensitivity of triple assessment was 95%, specificity was 100% and negative predictive value to be 100%.
Profile of intraoperative complications in cataract surgery SEHEDS: Sitapur eye hospital eye disease study
Authors: Jaiswal Nikita , Bhardwaj Rahul , Tomar Vijay Pratap Singh , Sharma Sandeep , Kapoor Niraj , Kohli Anupriya , Siddiqui Ruheen , Chaudhary Prakhar 
Published: December 2020

Background: Over the past several decades there have been many advances in the equipment, instrumentation and techniques of performing cataract surgery. This article will address the profile of intraoperative complications in cataract surgery.Methods: In this retrospective study all cataract procedures performed (n=18775) during the two years period (i.e. 2017 and 2018) were analysed and total 1401 (7.46%) valid cases (those having complications) were seen with 686 (49.0%) and 715 (51.0%) cases in the year 2017 and 2018 respectively. The age, gender, and side of the eye operated on were noted. The yearly incidence of the profile of complications was analysed. Results: Out of the total 1401 cases of eventful cataract surgery majority of the cases were of the age range of 51-70 years 1140 (6.07%) males were slightly higher in number i.e. 710 (3.78%) whereas females were 691 (3.68%), right eye was majorly operated for cataract i.e. 760 (4.05%). Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) was done in the majority of the patients followed by phaco. The patients faced the complications due to cataract surgery in which posterior capsular rent- vitreous disturbance was the major complication occurred in majority of the patients 965 (5.15%). Conclusions: Patients who underwent eventful cataract surgery the most common intra-operative complications which were mainly posterior capsular rent- with vitreous disturbance and iridodialysis. Patients with higher risk factor should be identified and appropriate measures must be taken to minimize intraoperative complications to get better visual outcomes.
La valeur sémantique ajoutée et perdue dans la traduction en italien du drame polonais Przed sklepem jubilera de Karol Wojtyła
Authors: Jezierska Beata 
Published: December 2020

Wartość semantyczna dodana i utracona we włoskim tłumaczeniu polskiego dramatu Przed sklepem jubilera Karola Wojtyły
Celem artykułu jest opisanie zjawiska wartości dodanej i utraconej na poziomie leksykalnym i semantycznym w tłumaczeniu literackim. Podstawę badania stanowi analiza tekstu równoległego polsko-włoskiego obejmującego dramat Przed sklepem jubilera Karola Wojtyły. Porównanie tekstu polskiego oryginału z jego włoskim tłumaczeniem pozwoliło na wyróżnienie pewnych utraconych na poziomie leksykalnym odcieni semantycznych, natomiast działanie odwrotne (porównanie tekstu docelowego po włosku z tekstem wyjściowym po polsku) wykazało obecność wielu elementów leksykalnych „dodanych” w tekście finalnym – mowa szczególnie o kombinacjach wielowyrazowych o różnym stopniu idiomatyczności, to znaczy o związkach frazeologicznych. Zarówno ślady strat semantycznych, jak i wszelkie elementy dodane wskazują jasno na kreatywną rolę tłumacza literackiego, który w ten sposób staje się „drugim autorem” tekstu.
La valeur sémantique ajoutée et perdue dans la traduction en italien du drame polonais Przed sklepem jubilera de Karol Wojtyła
L’objectif de l’article consiste à décrire un phénomène de valeur ajoutée et perdue au niveau lexical et sémantique dans la traduction littéraire. L’étude est basée sur l’analyse du texte parallèle polonais-italien du drame Przed sklepem jubilera de Karol Wojtyła. La comparaison du texte original polonais avec sa traduction italienne a permis de distinguer des nuances sémantiques perdues au niveau lexical de la traduction. En revanche, le résultat de l’opération inverse (comparaison du texte d’arrivée en italien avec le texte de départ en polonais) prouve la présence de nombreux éléments lexicaux « ajoutés » dans le texte cible. Ce sont surtout des combinaisons d’un certain degré du figement, autrement dit, des unités phraséologiques. Des traces de pertes sémantiques aussi bien que des éléments ajoutés indiquent clairement un rôle créatif du traducteur littéraire qui devient ainsi le « deuxième auteur » d’un texte.
A Nineteenth-Century Processional from the Archive of the Bonifratres in Cracow (Kraków). A Contribution to Research into Latin Monody
Authors: Wiśniewski Piotr 
Published: December 2020

XIX-wieczny procesjonał z Archiwum Konwentu Bonifratrów w Krakowie. Źródło do badań monodii łacińskiej
W Archiwum Konwentu Bonifratrów w Krakowie znajduje się rękopiśmienny procesjonał z 1811 roku. Autor artykułu dokonał krytyki źródła i porównał jego zawartość z Processionale Andrzeja Piotrkowczyka z 1621 r., stanowiącym podstawę wykonywania śpiewów procesyjnych w Polsce przez około 200 lat, oraz wybranymi kancjonałami XIX wieku. Egzemplarz krakowski, będący prawdopodobnie jedną z ostatnich powstałych wówczas tego typu ksiąg, jest dowodem wysokiej kultury muzycznej kultywowanej w środowisku, dla którego powstał oraz świadectwem pielęgnowania żywej tradycji organizowania procesji. Potwierdza w tym względzie wyraźną przewagę ksiąg polskich nad rzymskimi, z coraz większym udziałem ludu wykonującego śpiewy w języku polskim. Przedruk znacznej zawartości procesjonału w wydawanych następnie kancjonałach potwierdza ewidentnie wartość i przydatność tej księgi.
The Effects of Ovarian Encapsulation on Morphology and Expression of Apoptosis-Related Genes in Vitrified Mouse Ovary
Authors: Shirazi Tehrani Atefeh , Mazoochi Tahereh , Akhavan Taheri Maryam , Aghadavood Esmat , Salehnia Mojdeh 
Published: December 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of alginate hydrogel as a capsule to protect the ovary against possible detrimental effects of vitrification and warming on morphology and expression of apoptosis-related genes in the mouse ovary.
Methods: In this experimental study, the ovaries from twenty-five female 8-week-old mice were divided into five groups of non-vitrified ovaries, vitrified ovaries, ovaries that were encapsulated with concentrations of 0.5, 0.75 and 1% of alginate hydrogel. The morphological study was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression levels of apoptosis-associated genes were quantified in each group by real-time RT-PCR. The one-way ANOVA and post hoc test were used to analyze the data and values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: The results of follicle count showed that the mean of total follicles in all groups was not significantly different. The average number of atretic follicles in vitrified and experimental groups significantly increased in comparison with the non-vitrified group (p=0.001). The results of the evaluation of apoptosis-related genes showed that the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 in experimental groups 1 and 2 was significantly higher than the vitrified group and experimental group 3 (p=0.000). The expression level of caspase 3 gene was not significantly different among all groups.
Conclusion: Ovarian encapsulation with used concentrations of alginate hydrogel failed to improve the morphology and molecular aspects of follicles and it was not able to better preserve the intact follicles of vitrified ovaries. However, morphological and molecular findings appear to improve with increasing alginate hydrogel concentration.
Computer assisted instruction during quarantine and computer vision syndrome
Authors: Hashempoor Anahita 
Published: December 2020

Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a set of visual, ocular, and musculoskeletal symptoms that result from long-term computer use. These symptoms include eyestrain, dry eyes, burning, pain, redness, blurred vision, etc, which increase with the duration of computer use. Currently, with the closure of schools and universities due to the continued COVID19 pandemic many universities have taken the process of online education courses and the use of mobile phones, tablets، computer monitors and e-readers is increasing day by day. CVS not only reduces study and learning quality and productivity of the students, but it also has a high economic burden by increasing musculoskeletal injuries and ophthalmologist visits due to visual and ocular symptoms. With the expansion of online education programs, it is necessary for students to be aware of these complications, as well as to teach them appropriate strategies to control and prevent these harmful effects of computers.
Investigation of relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and quality of life among firefighters in Birjand City at 2018
Authors: Sadeghi khorashad M , Rezaieyan E , Abdolahnezhad A 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Firefighters are at high risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and that Quality of Life (QoL) is seriously compromised in individuals who have PTSD. This study was designed to assess the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorders and quality of life among firefighters.
Materials and Methods: In this analytical and cross-sectional study, all firefighters in Birjand city were selected by census method (N = 96) in 2018. PTSD and QoL status was assessed by the Persian version of the Mississippi (Eshel) and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires, respectively. Using Cronbach's α, the Iranian version of these two scales' internal reliability has been reported to be 0.92 and more than 0.7, respectively. Data analysis using SPSS software version 21 and independent T-test, ANOVA, Tukey's test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis.
Results: The results showed that most firefighters (70.5%) were suffered from moderate PTSD symptoms (79.2± 11.7). Based on the self-report scale, 53.7% of the firefighters rated their quality of life as Good, and 43.2% of the firefighters were satisfied with their health. Statistical analysis showed that there is a statistically significant inverse relationship between PTSD score and areas of mental health (P = 0.03), social relations (P = 0.002), and environmental health (P = 0.004). Between PTSD score and physical health, no statistically significant relationship was found (P = 0.08).
Conclusion: This study has proven a high rate of PTSD among firefighters and its negative correlation with the quality of their life. However, most firefighters rated their health and quality of life as good. Implementing strategies to combat mental disorders among firefighters improves the quality of their life and increases their job productivity.
Risk assessment of mortality from silicosis and lung cancer in workers of machine factories and traditional brick production workshops with crystalline silica exposure
Authors: Rezazahehazari M , Sahatfardi F , Zarei F , Ebrahimi Hariri A , Salehpour S , Soori H 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Exposure to dust is an essential factor in the brick production industry. Determining the mortality rate from silicosis and lung cancer is very important in exposure to crystalline silica dust. Therefore, this study was conducted to risk assessment of workers in machine factories and traditional brick production workshops.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 in a machine factory and five traditional active brick production workshops in Qarchak and Varamin city located in the southeast of Tehran. All employees of a brick-making machine factory (40 people) and five traditional brick-making workshops (30 people) were selected by census sampling. Their exposure to total respiratory dust and respirable crystalline silica was evaluated by the NIOSH0600 method and NIOSH7602 optimal method. Mortality risk assessment from silicosis and lung cancer was performed based on Mannetej and Rice models. Data were analyzed by t-test after entering SPSS19 software.
Results: The average concentrations of crystalline silica and total respiratory dust in traditional workshops are 0.651 ±0.69 and 28.27 ± 23.05, and in a machine factory are 0.297± 0.27 and 17.6 ±8.6 mg / m3. The T-test showed a significant difference between the traditional and mechanical brick factory in occupational exposure to total respiratory dust (P=0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in exposure to crystalline silica (P=0.107). In both traditional and machine brick factory, the risk of death from silicosis and lung cancer is unacceptable.
Conclusion: The results showed that the industry's mechanization has reduced exposure to total respiratory dust and crystalline silica and reduces the risk of death from lung cancer. But the risk of death from lung cancer and silicosis is still high in both traditional and mechanical factories
Comparison of error tree analysis and TRIPOD BETA in accident analysis of a power plant industry using hierarchical analysis
Authors: Akhavan A , Karimi H , Halvani GH 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Due to the importance and necessity of accident analysis, it is necessary to use the proper technique for precise accident analysis and provide corrective and preventive measures to prevent an accident's recurrence.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical paper, the most important criteria for investigating and selecting accident investigation and analysis techniques and selecting the best accident analysis method were identified in critical industrial accidents in the construction phase, were identified and analyzed. In this study, the most important criteria for selecting an accident analysis method were identified using previous research and gathering expert opinions. Then, two critical power plant accidents were analyzed using TRIPOD BETA and FTA accident analysis methods. Then the pairwise comparisons matrix was formed based on the strengths and weaknesses of the models. Finally, the prioritization of these two methods was done using the hierarchical analysis decision-making method.
Results: In this paper, seven key factors, model realism, model descriptive, systematic modeling, run time, required training courses, ability to quantify, and visibility of events, were identified as the most important criteria for selecting an incident analysis method.
Conclusion: The TRIPOD BETA method has been introduced as an optimal method for investigating specific events due to its capabilities.
Stroke and drivers' job fitness
Authors: Attarchi MS , Bakhshayesh Eghbali B , Seyed Mehdi SM 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Stroke is considered a relatively common disease in developing societies. This disease is one of the most important causes of sudden non-cardiac incapacity. On the other hand, the disease can naturally occur in working-age and drivers. Therefore evaluation of the fitness for work in a driver with a history of stroke can be a significant challenge for the occupational health physician and road safety.
Materials and Methods: In this study, to identify the main indicators and evaluate job fitness in a driver with stroke history, research has been conducted in valid databases such as Embase, UpToDate, PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Scopus, and web of science. Indicators that should be considered in this evaluation include the type and severity of the stroke, the probability of recurrence of the stroke attack, the degree and type of limb defect in the driver following the stroke, etc. Also in this study has been paid to some guidelines for help in deciding how to continue driving.
Results: Stroke is the most common acute neurological disease among working-age adults. About a quarter of strokes occur at working age. Cerebrovascular disease can lead to sudden disability. Approximately 50% of people with stroke in developed countries want to continue driving.
Conclusion: Things such as the probability of occurrence of stroke and sudden incapacity in the future and comparing this amount with acceptable risk and the amount of limb defect caused by stroke and its interference with driving should be considered. Also, consumption medications and their side effects and other comorbidities should be considered in this job fitness evaluation.