bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of finishing chemicals on tearing strength of plain-woven cotton fabric
Authors: Gupta Priyanka , Datta Roy Manas , Ghosh Subrata 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the relationships amongst the tearing strength of fabrics after each chemical processing stage and after finishing of plain-woven cotton fabric. An effort has been made to study the effect of different finishing chemicals (tear improver) and their different concentrations on the high-density fabric tear strength and its sub-component with respect to the co-efficient of friction value of yarns for all the fabric samples. It also aims to establish a statistical model for prediction of tear strength with identified parameters as yarn–yarn friction co-efficient, yarn pullout force and single yarn strength.

Design/methodology/approach
In case of woven fabrics, it cannot be assumed that only yarn friction plays the role in deciding fabric-tearing strength. Whether the static or kinetic frictions need to be considered or the linear or capstan frictions have to be analyzed, to incorporate the results of friction analysis in the tearing behavior, need to be assessed. In the present work through a fabrication of yarn–yarn friction measurement, under a synchronized slow speed as that of actual fabric tearing (50 mm/min), has been carried out. After each wet processing stage, surface characteristics of yarns have been changed. Surface of yarns becomes smoother after finishing and rough after dyeing, which affects the co-efficient of friction of yarns, accordingly.

Findings
After each wet processing stage, the surface characteristics of yarns are changed. Surface structure of yarns becomes smooth after finishing and rough after dyeing, which affects the co-efficient of friction of yarns. For all the fabrics, the weft-way tearing strength is always higher than warp-way tearing strength. It is also observed that yarn pullout force is not the only responsible factor for tearing strength of such fabric. It is because of the combined action of yarn–yarn friction, yarn pullout force and single yarn strength for a given structure.

Research limitations/implications
A more extensive investigation with respect to concentration as well as further variety of chemicals requires to be identified for the optimum concentration level for each chemical. A mathematical model based on the three parameters as yarn–yarn co-efficient of friction, yarn pullout force and yarn strength for all woven fabric structure to achieve optimum strength level has been established which could be further extended for each fabric structures.

Practical implications
The problem has been identified from the day-to-day exercise of the commercial textile industry. The whole of the sample preparations have been done in the industry by using commercial machines under standard industrial conditions. The findings have been discussed and suitably introduced in the industry.

Originality/value
The whole of this paper has been unique in idea origination, sample preparation and execution of tests. The findings are very important for the researchers as well as for textile industry.
Sport brand ambassadors' experiences in sponsored user-generated branding programs
Authors: Geurin Andrea N. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop an initial understanding of sport brand ambassador participants' experiences in sponsored user generated branding (UGB) programs to assist sport organizations in developing the most mutually beneficial brand ambassador programs possible.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were held with six individuals who serve as brand ambassadors for various sport brands. Data were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis.FindingsParticipants were intrinsically motivated to serve in brand ambassador roles. Their experiences were impacted by whether their personal expectations were met, perceived relationship with the brand, perceived value to the brand, and perceived amount of work involved. They reported the best aspects of participation were a sense of community and free products and/or discounts. The most challenging aspects included not wanting to come across as a marketer, self-inflicted pressure to perform a certain way for the brand, pressure to purchase products, and lack of clear communication from the brand.Research limitations/implicationsAs this study was qualitative, the findings are unique to the participants and the brands they represent. Therefore, the findings may be used to guide other research and brands but are not generalizable.Practical implicationsSport brands wishing to employ sponsored UGB strategies such as brand ambassador programs must set clear expectations for ambassadors, communicate regularly, and develop a sense of community with and among ambassadors.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the limited sport management research on sponsored UGB and offers theoretical and practical implications in the areas of sport marketing and branding.
Valorization of pomelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) peel: A review of current utilization, phytochemistry, bioactivities, and mechanisms of action
Authors: Tocmo Restituto , Pena‐Fronteras Jennifer , Calumba Kriza Faye , Mendoza Melanie , Johnson Jeremy James 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Citrus grandis Osbeck, commonly known as “pomelo” or “shaddock,” is the largest citrus fruit, the peel of which is a well‐known agricultural residual waste. Pomelo peel offers a wide range of components such as essential oils, polysaccharides, and phytochemicals with potential food applications. Utilization of pomelo peel to recover these components is an important step toward agricultural sustainability. This review covers pomelo peel utilization opportunities beyond conventional composting and animal feed production, and critically examines value‐added uses via the recovery of potentially bioactive components. The peel of pomelo accounts for approximately 30% of the total fruit weight and contains phytochemicals, including aroma‐active volatiles, pectin, flavonoids, phenolic acids, carotenoids, coumarins, and polysaccharides. Recovery of these phytochemicals offers an opportunity for value‐added utilization such as the development of enriched or functional foods and nutraceuticals. The health‐promoting and therapeutic potential of pomelo peel extracts and isolated pure compounds have been evaluated through numerous in vitro and in vivo studies that revealed a wide range of bioactivities, including hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Preclinical evidence highlights multifaceted molecular and signaling events that possibly underlie the said bioactive potential. Overall, the pomelo processing industry offers a great opportunity to recover or produce valuable products from the large amounts of residual wastes it generates. It is envisaged that a thorough understanding of the bioactive components of pomelo peel, their functional and nutraceutical applications, and mode of actions will benefit the food industry.
Nanoparticle‐mediated double‐stranded RNA delivery system: A promising approach for sustainable pest management
Authors: Yan Shuo , Ren Bin‐Yuan , Shen Jie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRNA interference (RNAi) targeting lethal genes in insects has great potential for sustainable crop protection. Compared with traditional double‐stranded (ds)RNA delivery systems, nanoparticles such as chitosan, liposomes, and cationic dendrimers offer advantages in delivering dsRNA/small interfering (si)RNA to improve RNAi efficiency, thus promoting the development and practice of RNAi‐based pest management strategies. Here, we illustrate the limitations of traditional dsRNA delivery systems, reveal the mechanism of nanoparticle‐mediated RNAi, summarize the recent progress and successful applications of nanoparticle‐mediated RNAi in pest management, and finally address the prospects of nanoparticle‐based RNA pesticides.
African mustard (Brassica tournefortii) as source of nutrients and nutraceuticals properties
Authors: Rahmani Rami , Bouajila Jalloul , Jouaidi Marwa , Debouba Mohamed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBrassica tournefortii is an annual herbaceous plant, native to the North Africa and Middle East. It is considered as an excellent medicinal plant due to its richness by antioxidant like isothiocyanates and polyphenols. The present study is the first phytochemical investigation on Brassica tournefortii organs (leaves, stems, and roots) in terms of nutraceutical, chemical composition, and bioactivity. Brassica tournefortii leaves exhibited the highest values of nutraceutical contents. Interestingly, gas chromatograph‐y‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis enabled to identify three new isothiocyanates: iberverin nitrile and iberin detected only in roots, and iberin nitrile detected in all organs. HPLC chromatograms displayed different profiles depending on organic solvent and extracted organ. Icariin and 5,7‐dihydroxy 4‐propylcoumarin showed the highest concentrations with 2.3 and 1.3 mg/g of dr among other molecules identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Some phenolic compounds were identified in more than one organ extracts such as phenoxodiol and 4‐hydroxy‐3‐propylbenzoic acid methyl ester. Brassica tournefortii extracts showed a moderate total phenolic contents and anti‐15‐LOX activity, while they exhibited a good anti‐α‐glucosidase activity ranging from 40% to 60%. Furthermore, leaves‐MeOH and root‐dichloromethane (DCM) extracts induced the highest cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 cell lines, while roots‐cyclohexane (CYHA) extract highlighted the highest inhibition activity against, both, HCT‐116 and OVCAR cell lines.
One major facilitator superfamily transporter is responsible for propionic acid tolerance in Pseudomonas putida KT2440
Authors: Ma Chao , Mu Qingxuan , Xue Yubin , Xue Yanfen , Yu Bo , Ma Yanhe 
Published: June 2020

SummaryPropionic acid (PA) has been widely used as a food preservative and chemical intermediate in the agricultural and pharmaceutical industries. Environmental and friendly biotechnological production of PA from biomass has been considered as an alternative to the traditional petrochemical route. However, because PA is a strong inhibitor of cell growth, the biotechnological host should be not only able to produce the compound but the host should be robust. In this study, we identified key PA tolerance factors in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 strain by comparative transcriptional analysis in the presence or absence of PA stress. The identified major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter gene cluster of PP_1271, PP_1272 and PP_1273 was experimentally verified to be involved in PA tolerance in P. putida strains. Overexpression of this cluster improved tolerance to PA in a PA producing strain, what is useful to further engineer this robust platform not only for PA synthesis but for the production of other weak acids.
Fibromyalgia in a rheumatology clinic in north‐central Nigeria: An audit of the characteristics of the syndrome and the sensitivities of 4 sets of American College of Rheumatology criteria
Authors: Akintayo Richard O. , Adelowo Olufemi O. , Ahmed Bola A. , Olafimihan Kayode O. , Olatunde‐Olalere Olabanke A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the characteristics of fibromyalgia among Nigerian patients and assess the sensitivities of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria of 1990, 2010, 2011, and 2016 for making the diagnosis of fibromyalgia.MethodsConsecutive patients diagnosed clinically with fibromyalgia by a rheumatologist were assessed. ACR criteria for fibromyalgia of 1990, 2010, 2011, and 2016 were applied to each patient. Polysymptomatic distress scores (PSD) were calculated from the Widespread Pain Index and Symptom Severity Scores. Sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; fatigue by the Fatigue Severity Scale and the severity of fibromyalgia was determined using the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR).ResultsA total of 660 new patients were seen out of which a diagnosis of fibromyalgia was made in 114 (17.3%). The mean age of the patients was 44.6 ± 15.6 years and females accounted for 84.2%. Twenty‐one (18.4%) patients had changed or quit their jobs due to fibromyalgia. Problematic fatigue was present in 80 (70.2%), and sleep disturbance was reported in 83 (72.8%) patients. The severity of fibromyalgia, poor sleep, severe or very severe PSD, and male gender were associated with problematic fatigue, but only moderate/severe fibromyalgia independently predicted problematic fatigue (P = .004). The number of tender points (P = .001) and FIQR score (P = .038) were associated with changing or quitting jobs. The sensitivities of the ACR1990, ACR2010, ACR2011 and ACR2016 were 38.5%, 68.2%, 76.7% and 76.7%, respectively.ConclusionThe ACR1990 had low sensitivity when used to diagnose fibromyalgia in this population and the ACR2010 encounters problems while applying the somatic symptom list.
Estimating the benefits and costs of forming business partnerships
Authors: Lee Jungho 
Published: June 2020

AbstractI estimate a matching model of business‐partnership formation to quantify the relative importance of productivity gains, financing gains, and the coordination failure of effort provision (moral hazard) among partners. Productivity gains account for 61% of the gain from the observed partnerships. For partners in the first quartile of the wealth distribution, however, financing accounts for 93% of the gain. The cost of moral hazard corresponds to 42% of the entire gain from partnerships. A loan policy specifically targeting partnerships is less effective in improving welfare than a conventional loan policy that provides loans to individual entrepreneurs.
Increases in endogenous progesterone attenuate smoking in a cohort of nontreatment seeking women: An exploratory prospective study
Authors: Baker Nathaniel L. , Gray Kevin M. , Ramakrishnan Viswanathan , Tomko Rachel L. , McClure Erin A. , Carpenter Matthew J. , Saladin Michael E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite advances in prevention and treatment, cigarette smoking remains a leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Although men and women are equally likely to attempt to quit smoking cigarettes, women are far less likely to achieve abstinence both during and following cessation treatment. Recent evidence suggests that ovarian hormone levels may play a role in successful abstinence attempts in women smokers. The primary goal of this exploratory prospective observational study was to estimate the association between within‐participant levels of progesterone and estradiol with associated cigarettes smoked per day in adult women smokers (n = 104). The primary study outcome was self‐reported cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) during a 2‐week observational period collected using a daily smoking diary. Additionally, participants collected saliva daily, from which hormone levels (progesterone and estradiol) were derived. Higher within‐participant progesterone levels were associated with a significant decrease in CPD (p = .008) whereas within‐participant estradiol levels were unrelated to CPD (p = .25). Regression models indicated a single change in the trajectory of smoking behavior for both within‐participant progesterone and estradiol. When progesterone values were below the change point, there was a significant inverse relationship between within‐participant progesterone levels and smoking behavior (p = .025) whereas the relationship was attenuated for higher within‐participant progesterone levels (p = .59). The effect of estradiol on smoking behavior was not significant when it was either below (p = .92) or above (p = .16) the change point. Higher within‐participant levels of progesterone but not estradiol are associated with reduced CPD in nontreatment seeking women smokers.
Scrotal Dowling–Degos disease caused by a novel frameshift variant in gamma‐secretase subunit presenile enhancer gene
Authors: Ren Jun , Zeng Li‐yue 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe reported a Chinese pedigree with scrotal Dowling–Degos disease and evaluated the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. In affected cases, pigmented macules were identified on the scrotum. The rashes increased, and the colour deepened progressively. No pain or pruritus were noticed, and no other skin folds were involved. Skin histopathology showed characteristic features of Dowling–Degos disease. A heterozygous PSENEN frameshift variant c.292delC（p.L98Wfs*47） was identified in affected cases. The variant was not found in dbSNP, 1000 Genomes project database and the ExAC Browser. The p.L98 and adjacent amino acids are highly conserved among species. Our cases expand the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of PSENEN‐related Dowling–Degos disease.
Handheld, accelerometer‐based navigation versus conventional instrumentation in total knee arthroplasty: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Shihab Zaid , Clayworth Catriona , Nara Naveen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrecise and accurate alignments in total knee arthroplasty are important predictors for survivorship and functional outcomes. We aim to compare accelerometer‐based navigation (ABN) to conventional instrumentation (CONV), patient‐specific instrumentation (PSI) and computer‐assisted surgery (CAS) in published literature.MethodsA systematic search of publications from databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane) was obtained from inception to 15 August 2018. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was used to pool odd ratios for outliers greater than 3° for the hip‐knee‐ankle, coronal and sagittal femoral and tibial angles (CFA, CTA, SFA, STA). Secondary outcomes included procedural characteristics and functional outcomes.ResultsThirteen studies, involving 1566 patients, met inclusion that compared ABN (50.2%) to CONV (49.8%) and five comparing ABN to CAS/PSI. The pooled odds ratios for percent outliers of greater than 3° from the mechanical axis for the hip‐knee‐ankle (relative risk 0.58, P = <0.05) and CFA (relative risk 0.42, P = 0.02) was significantly lower for ABN compared to CONV. The pooled odds ratios for CTA, SFA and STA were not significantly different. No differences were identified in comparison to PSI/CAS. There was no statistically significant difference in procedural characteristics and functional outcomes.ConclusionsThe use ABN in total knee arthroplasty is a successful method of increased precision and accuracy for the restoration of the mechanical axis. In addition, there is no significant compromise in procedural or functional outcomes.
Intraluminal nutrients acutely strengthen rat intestinal MRP2 barrier function by a glucagon‐like peptide‐2‐mediated mechanism
Authors: Tocchetti Guillermo N. , Domínguez Camila J. , Zecchinati Felipe , Arana Maite R. , Rigalli Juan P. , Ruiz María L. , Villanueva Silvina S. M. , Mottino Aldo D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimMRP2 is an intestinal ABC transporter that prevents the absorption of dietary xenobiotics. The aims of this work were: (1) to evaluate whether a short‐term regulation of intestinal MRP2 barrier function takes place in vivo after luminal incorporation of nutrients and (2) to explore the underlying mechanism.MethodsMRP2 activity and localization were assessed in an in vivo rat model with preserved irrigation and innervation. Nutrients were administered into distal jejunum. After 30‐minutes treatments, MRP2 activity was assessed in proximal jejunum by quantifying the transport of the model substrate 2,4‐dinitrophenyl‐S‐glutathione. MRP2 localization was determined by quantitative confocal microscopy. Participation of extracellular mediators was evaluated using selective inhibitors and by immunoneutralization. Intracellular pathways were explored in differentiated Caco‐2 cells.ResultsOleic acid, administered intraluminally at dietary levels, acutely stimulated MRP2 insertion into brush border membrane. This was associated with increased efflux activity and, consequently, enhanced barrier function. Immunoneutralization of the gut hormone glucagon‐like peptide‐2 (GLP‐2) prevented oleic acid effect on MRP2, demonstrating the participation of this trophic factor as a main mediator. Further experiments using selective inhibitors demonstrated that extracellular adenosine synthesis and its subsequent binding to enterocytic A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) take place downstream GLP‐2. Finally, studies in intestinal Caco‐2 cells revealed the participation of A2BAR/cAMP/PKA intracellular pathway, ultimately leading to increased MRP2 localization in apical domains.ConclusionThese findings reveal an on‐demand, acute regulation of MRP2‐associated barrier function, constituting a novel physiological mechanism of protection against the absorption of dietary xenobiotics in response to food intake.
Grazing by wild red deer maintains characteristic vegetation of semi‐natural open habitats: Evidence from a three‐year exclusion experiment
Authors: Riesch Friederike , Tonn Bettina , Stroh Hans Georg , Meißner Marcus , Balkenhol Niko , Isselstein Johannes 
Published: June 2020

AbstractQuestionsConservation management of semi‐natural open habitats today has to compensate for the decline of traditional practices of agricultural land use. Can wild and free‐ranging ungulates, such as red deer, contribute to the preservation of characteristic open habitat plant communities?LocationGrafenwöhr military training area, Germany.MethodsWe set up a grazing exclusion experiment in grasslands (lowland hay meadows) and heathlands (European dry heaths) and monitored structural vegetation characteristics (sward height, bare soil, biomass contribution of Calluna vulgaris, litter height, woody species individuals) in open and fenced plots within a three‐year study period. We compared plant species richness, diversity and community composition before and after the experimental period.ResultsIn grasslands, plant species diversity was significantly reduced in fenced compared to open plots and in both habitat types, plant community composition responded to the exclusion of red deer. When fences prevented red deer grazing, increasing height of sward and litter in both habitat types as well as reduced cover of bare soil and increasing number of woody plant individuals in heathlands indicated beginning succession. In annually mown grasslands, where the regrowth provides attractive forage for red deer, the differences between open and fenced plots were most pronounced.ConclusionsOverall, our results indicate that the conservation value of the studied open habitat types started to decrease after red deer exclusion. Grazing by wild red deer can hence provide benefits to vegetation structure and diversity and could therefore enrich the set of tools available for the conservation management of semi‐natural open vegetation types.