bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐immune fetal hydrops: etiology and outcome according to gestational age at diagnosis
Authors: Sileo F. G. , Kulkarni A. , Branescu I. , Homfray T. , Dempsey E. , Mansour S. , Thilaganathan B. , Bhide A. , Khalil A. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveFetal hydrops is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. The etiology and outcome of fetal hydrops may differ according to the gestational age at diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cause, evolution and outcome of non‐immune fetal hydrops (NIFH), according to the gestational age at diagnosis.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of all singleton pregnancies complicated by NIFH, at the Fetal Medicine Unit at St George's University Hospital, London, UK, between 2000 and 2018. All fetuses had detailed anomaly and cardiac ultrasound scans, karyotyping and infection screening. Prenatal diagnostic and therapeutic intervention, gestational age at diagnosis and delivery, as well as pregnancy outcome, were recorded. Regression analysis was used to test for potential association between possible risk factors and perinatal mortality.ResultsWe included 273 fetuses with NIFH. The etiology of the condition varied significantly in the three trimesters. Excluding 30 women who declined invasive testing, the cause of NIFH was defined as unknown in 62 of the remaining 243 cases (25.5%). Chromosomal aneuploidy was the most common cause of NIFH in the first trimester. It continued to be a significant etiologic factor in the second trimester, along with congenital infection. In the third trimester, the most common etiology was cardiovascular abnormality. Among the 152 (55.7%) women continuing the pregnancy, 48 (31.6%) underwent fetal intervention, including the insertion of pleuroamniotic shunts, fetal blood transfusion and thoracentesis. Fetal intervention was associated significantly with lower perinatal mortality (odds ratio (OR), 0.30 (95% CI, 0.14–0.61); P < 0.001); this association remained significant after excluding cases with a diagnosis of anemia or infection (OR, 0.29 (95% CI, 0.13–0.66); P = 0.003). In 104 fetuses not undergoing active fetal intervention, the gestational age at diagnosis was the only parameter that was significantly associated with the risk of perinatal mortality (OR, 0.92 (95% CI, 0.85–0.99); P = 0.035), while the affected body cavity and polyhydramnios were not (P > 0.05).ConclusionsAn earlier gestational age at diagnosis of NIFH was associated with an increased risk of aneuploidy and worse pregnancy outcome, including a higher risk of perinatal loss. Fetal therapy was associated significantly with lower perinatal mortality. © 2020 Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Emerging methods in therapeutics using multifunctional nanoparticles
Authors: Habibi Nahal , Quevedo Daniel F. , Gregory Jason V. , Lahann Joerg 
Published: March 2020

AbstractClinical translation of nanoparticle‐based drug delivery systems is hindered by an array of challenges including poor circulation time and limited targeting. Novel approaches including designing multifunctional particles, cell‐mediated delivery systems, and fabrications of protein‐based nanoparticles have gained attention to provide new perspectives to current drug delivery obstacles in the interdisciplinary field of nanomedicine. Collectively, these nanoparticle devices are currently being investigated for applications spanning from drug delivery and cancer therapy to medical imaging and immunotherapy. Here, we review the current state of the field, highlight opportunities, identify challenges, and present the future directions of the next generation of multifunctional nanoparticle drug delivery platforms.This article is categorized under:
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus‐Based Structures
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Longitudinal short-distance constraints for the hadronic light-by-light contribution to (g − 2)μ with large-Nc Regge models
Authors: Colangelo Gilberto , Hagelstein Franziska , Hoferichter Martin , Laub Laetitia , Stoffer Peter 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
While the low-energy part of the hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) tensor can be constrained from data using dispersion relations, for a full evaluation of its contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (g − 2)μ also mixed- and high-energy regions need to be estimated. Both can be addressed within the operator product expansion (OPE), either for configurations where all photon virtualities become large or one of them remains finite. Imposing such short-distance constraints (SDCs) on the HLbL tensor is thus a major aspect of a model-independent approach towards HLbL scattering. Here, we focus on longitudinal SDCs, which concern the amplitudes containing the pseudoscalar-pole contributions from π0, η, η′. Since these conditions cannot be fulfilled by a finite number of pseudoscalar poles, we consider a tower of excited pseudoscalars, constraining their masses and transition form factors from Regge theory, the OPE, and phenomenology. Implementing a matching of the resulting expressions for the HLbL tensor onto the perturbative QCD quark loop, we are able to further constrain our calculation and significantly reduce its model dependence. We find that especially for the π0 the corresponding increase of the HLbL contribution is much smaller than previous prescriptions in the literature would imply. Overall, we estimate that longitudinal SDCs increase the HLbL contribution by $$ \varDelta {a}_{\mu}^{\mathrm{LSDC}}=13(6) $$
Δ

a
μ
LSDC

=
13

6

× 10-11. This number does not include the contribution from the charm quark, for which we find $$ {a}_{\mu}^{c- quark} $$

a
μ

c
−
quark

= 3(1) × 10−11.
BPS invariants for Seifert manifolds
Authors: Chung Hee-Joong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We calculate the homological blocks for Seifert manifolds from the exact ex- pression for the G = SU(N ) Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants of Seifert manifolds obtained by Lawrence, Rozansky, and Mariño. For the G = SU(2) case, it is possible to ex- press them in terms of the false theta functions and their derivatives. For G = SU(N ), we calculate them as a series expansion and also discuss some properties of the contributions from the abelian flat connections to the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants for general N . We also provide an expected form of the S-matrix for general cases and the structure of the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev invariants in terms of the homological blocks.
Intergenerational transmission of risk attitudes in Burkina Faso
Authors: Sepahvand Mohammad H. , Shahbazian Roujman 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrevious research shows that transmission of attitudes in the family is gendered. However, there are limited findings about intergenerational transmission of risk attitudes and whether it is gendered. This study replicates the findings by Dohmen et al. (Rev Econ Stud 79(2):645–677) for Germany by using quantitative data from Burkina Faso in 2014 to analyze three different self-reported risk questions. Our results show a strong intergenerational transmission of attitudes from parents to children in which positive assortative mating strengthens the parents’ transmission of attitudes to her child. Mothers’ transmissions are stronger for their daughters than sons. For fathers, the pattern is inverted. Our findings also show the existence of heterogeneity in intergenerational transmission within a male- and female-dominated risk domain. This supports the gender-specific role model hypothesis. Furthermore, we find support for the transmission of attitudes from the local environment to the child, but the strength and significance of this transmission decrease when controlling for parents’ attitudes.
Prospective associations between burnout symptomatology and hair cortisol
Authors: Wendsche Johannes , Ihle Andreas , Wegge Jürgen , Penz Marlene Sophie , Kirschbaum Clemens , Kliegel Matthias 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Burnout is a stress-related, psychological syndrome due to high levels of job stressors. It has been found to be related to impairments of well-being, health, and job outcomes. Alterations of glucocorticoid secretion might be a mechanism explaining the linkage between burnout and reduced psychophysical functioning. Regarding hair cortisol as indicator this assumption, so far, has been only examined in cross-sectional studies. Therefore, we aimed to compare cross-sectional and prospective associations between different burnout symptoms and hair cortisol, additionally investigating potential nonlinear associations.

Methods
The prospective study sample comprises 194 employees (95% nurses) from German geriatric care. We assessed burnout symptoms at baseline (t1) and 6 months later (t2) and collected hair samples for cortisol analyses at t2.

Results
We found significant cross-sectional and prospective nonlinear (i.e., exponential) but not linear relationships between an aggregated measure of the burnout subscales emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced efficacy and hair cortisol, even after adjusting for BMI and depressive mood. None of the single subscales of burnout was related to hair cortisol after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusions
Our findings further support the assumption that accumulated burnout symptoms and hypercorticolism are positively related.
Video consultation during follow up care: effect on quality of care and patient- and provider attitude in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Barsom Esther Z. , Jansen Marilou , Tanis Pieter J. , van de Ven Anthony W. H. , Blussé van Oud-Alblas Marjolein , Buskens Christianne J. , Bemelman Willem A. , Schijven Marlies P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Video consultation (VC) is gaining attention as a possible alternative to out-patient clinic visits. However, little is known in terms of attitude, satisfaction and quality of care using VC over a face-to-face (F2F) consultation. The aim of this observational survey study was to compare the attitude and satisfaction with VC amongst patients suffering from colorectal cancer and their treating surgeons at the outpatient surgical care clinic in a tertiary referral centre.

Methods
A patient-preference model was chosen following the concept of shared decision making. A total of fifty patients with colorectal cancer were asked to choose between VC- or a F2F-contact during their follow up at the outpatient surgical care clinic and were subsequently assigned to either the VC-group or the F2F-group. Attitude and satisfaction rates of both groups and their surgeons were measured using a questionnaire administered immediately after the consultation.

Results
Out of the 50 patients, 42% chose VC as their preferred follow-up modality. Patients demographics did not differ significantly. Patients who use video calling in their personal life choose VC significantly more often than patients lacking such experience (p = 0.010). These patients scored high on both the attitude- and satisfaction scale of the post-VC questionnaire. Patients who chose a F2F-contact seemed to question the ability of the surgeon to properly assess their healthcare condition by using a video connection more (p = 0.024). Surgeons were highly satisfied with the use of VC.

Conclusions
Based on patient preference, VC is equivalent to a F2F consultation in terms of patient satisfaction and perceived quality of care. Shared decision making is preferred with regard to which contact modality is used during follow up. For easy uptake in other environments it is to be recommended to facilitate VC using the electronic patient portal.
On detectability of labeled Petri nets and finite automata
Authors: Zhang Kuize , Giua Alessandro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDetectability is a basic property of dynamic systems: when it holds an observer can use the current and past values of the observed output signal produced by a system to reconstruct its current state. In this paper, we consider properties of this type in the framework of discrete-event systems modeled by labeled Petri nets and finite automata. We first study weak approximate detectability. This property implies that there exists an infinite observed output sequence of the system such that each prefix of the output sequence with length greater than a given value allows an observer to determine if the current state belongs to a given set. We prove that the problem of verifying this property is undecidable for labeled Petri nets, and PSPACE-complete for finite automata. We also consider one new concept called eventual strong detectability. The new property implies that for each possible infinite observed output sequence, there exists a value such that each prefix of the output sequence with length greater than that value allows reconstructing the current state. We prove that for labeled Petri nets, the problem of verifying eventual strong detectability is decidable and EXPSPACE-hard, where the decidability result holds under a mild promptness assumption. For finite automata, we give a polynomial-time verification algorithm for the property. In addition, we prove that strong detectability is strictly stronger than eventual strong detectability for labeled Petri nets and even for deterministic finite automata.
Macroinvertebrate community responses to land use: a trait-based approach for freshwater biomonitoring in Mongolia
Authors: Yadamsuren Oyunchuluun , Morse John C. , Hayford Barbara , Gelhaus Jon K. , Adler Peter H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLand-use practices in Mongolia can lead to environmental degradation and consequently affect the structure and function of biological communities. The main aim of this study was to determine land-use effects on freshwater macroinvertebrate communities based on their response to grazing and mining, using a trait-based approach (TBA). The functional structure of macroinvertebrate communities was examined using 86 categories of 16 traits. A total of 13 physical and chemical variables were significantly different among the levels of land-use intensity. Significant declines in functional diversity were observed with increased land-use intensity. The community weighted mean of 19 trait categories for 11 traits varied significantly among different levels of land-use intensity. Traits were significantly explained by environmental variables across a land-use intensity gradient. Water temperature, gravel, nitrate, silt, and cobble were the main predictor variables and explained 28% of the total variance of the trait variation. The functional structure of the macroinvertebrate community was strongly related to environmental conditions. The TBA is an important method in assessing disturbance responses in freshwater communities of steppe and taiga regions, such as in Mongolia and other countries in Central Asia and will be useful in finding best management practices for conserving aquatic ecosystems.
The role of individual ambidexterity for organizational performance: examining effects of ambidextrous knowledge seeking and offering
Authors: Schnellbächer Benedikt , Heidenreich Sven 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEmpirical research has confirmed positive effects of organizational ambidexterity for companies’ long-term performance. More recent research has shifted the focus from organizational level exploration and exploitation to the individual in order to understand psychological micro-foundations of individual ambidexterity. However, our current knowledge on how knowledge flows within individual ambidexterity are initiated and affect performance outcomes is limited. This study thus strives to shed light on the topic by introducing two mechanisms, namely ambidextrous knowledge seeking and ambidextrous knowledge offering, that capture how knowledge flows within individual ambidexterity are initiated. Based on survey-data from 415 employees, findings from structural equation modeling provide first empirical evidence that the focal constructs significantly affect knowledge accumulation on the department level as well as its performance. Finally, results from additional moderation analysis indicate, that ambidextrous knowledge offering leads to higher performance effects in environments characterized by the pursuit of radical innovations, while ambidextrous knowledge seeking is rather suited for environments with a focus on innovating incrementally.
Systemic therapy in advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Graziadei Ivo 
Published: March 2020

SummaryHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex disease, since both choice of treatment and prognosis depend not only on tumor-specific but also on liver-related characteristics. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach in specialized clinics is required for the optimal management of HCC patients. Almost half of patients present with advanced-stage tumor with no curative therapeutic options. According to international guidelines, palliative systemic therapy is recommended in these patients. The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib was the first drug to show antitumor efficacy and was the only approved treatment for almost a decade, as several other agents failed to improve patient survival. In recent years, treatment practices have changed with lenvatinib as another first-line treatment choice and regorafenib, cabozantinib, and ramucirumab as second-line therapeutic options. However, only patients with preserved liver function (Child-Pugh-Turcotte [CPT]-A) were enrolled in these studies and are consequently suitable for these drugs. After promising phase‑1 and phase-2 studies, subsequent phase‑3 trials evaluating the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) nivolumab and pembrolizumab have failed to demonstrate a significant improvement in patient survival. Ongoing trials are evaluating the combination of ICIs with tyrosine kinase inhibitors or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. Recently, in a phase‑3 trial, the combination therapy atezolizumab and bevacizumab led to a significantly improved overall survival compared to sorafenib in the first-line setting. Further studies are needed to determine how best to select between the growing number of therapeutic options.
Sharing Experiences to Help a Robot Present Its Mind and Sociability
Authors: Fu Changzeng , Yoshikawa Yuichiro , Iio Takamasa , Ishiguro Hiroshi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMany social robots have emerged in public places to serve people. For these services, the robots are assumed to be able to present internal aspects (i.e., mind, sociability) to engage and interact with people over the long term. In this paper, we propose a novel dialogue structure called experience-based dialogue to help a robot present and maintain a good interaction over the long term. This dialogue structure contains a piece of knowledge and a story about how the robot gained this knowledge, which are used to compose the robot’s experience-related utterances for sharing experiences of interacting with previous users other than just the current user and help it present its internal aspects. We conducted an experiment to test the effects of our proposed dialogue structure and measure them with some published subjective scales. The results showed that experience-based dialogue can help a robot obtain better evaluations in terms of perceived intelligence, sociability, mind, anthropomorphism, animacy, likability, level of acceptance, and positive user reaction.
An Exploration into Future Business Process Management Capabilities in View of Digitalization
Authors: Kerpedzhiev Georgi Dimov , König Ulrich Matthias , Röglinger Maximilian , Rosemann Michael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBusiness process management (BPM) is a mature discipline that drives corporate success through effective and efficient business processes. BPM is commonly structured via capability frameworks, which describe and bundle capability areas relevant for implementing process orientation in organizations. Despite their comprehensive use, existing BPM capability frameworks are being challenged by socio-technical changes such as those brought about by digitalization. In line with the uptake of novel technologies, digitalization transforms existing and enables new processes due to its impact on individual behavior and needs, intra- and inter-company collaboration, and new forms of automation. This development led the authors to presume that digitalization calls for new capability areas and that existing frameworks need to be updated. Hence, this study explored which BPM capability areas will become relevant in view of digitalization through a Delphi study with international experts from industry and academia. The study resulted in an updated BPM capability framework, accompanied by insights into challenges and opportunities of BPM. The results show that, while there is a strong link between current and future capability areas, a number of entirely new and enhanced capabilities are required for BPM to drive corporate success in view of digitalization.
CO2 hydrogenation to methanol: the structure–activity relationships of different catalyst systems
Authors: Stangeland Kristian , Li Hailong , Yu Zhixin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCO2 hydrogenation to methanol is a promising environmental-friendly route for combatting CO2 emissions. Methanol can be used to produce a variety of chemicals and is also an alternative fuel. The CO2-to-methanol process is mostly studied over multi-component catalysts in which both metal and oxide phases are present. The difficulty in elucidating the influence of the different phases on the catalytic performance has led to intense debate about the nature of the active site. Consequently, the main stumbling blocks in developing rational design strategies are the complexity of the multi-component catalytic systems and challenges in elucidating the active sites. In this paper, we reviewed the most promising catalyst systems for the industrial CO2-to-methanol processes. Firstly, the copper-based catalysts are discussed. The focus is on the debate regarding the promotional effect of zinc, as well as other metal oxides typically employed to enhance the performance of copper-based catalysts. Other catalytic systems are then covered, which are mainly based on palladium and indium. Alloying and metal–metal oxide interaction also play a significant role in the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol over these catalysts. The purpose of this work is to give insight into these complex catalytic systems that can be utilized for advanced catalyst synthesis for the industrial CO2-to-methanol process.