bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of tetraploid wheat (Triticum dicoccum) on low glycaemic index pizza base processing and its starch digestibility
Authors: Bharath Adguru Papanna , Kathalsar Ashwath Kumar , Chandrashekhar Soumya , Prabhasankar Pichan 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe present study aimed to utilise Dicoccum wheat (DW), barley (BF) and soya flour (SF) in the development of low in vitro starch digestibility (IVSD) and estimated glycaemic index (EGI) PB. The BF and SF are mixed (1:1) (BFSF) and used to replace DW at 25%, 50% and 75% level and compared with 100% DW. The quality characteristics (rheological, physical, textural and chemical), IVSD and EGI of PB were determined. The incorporation of BFSF to DW increased the farinograph water absorption capacity (58.1%–64.2%) and mixing tolerance index (21‐68 FU), and decreased the dough development time (4.3–2.8 min) and amylograph pasting properties, respectively. Further, the thickness, shear force and redness were decreased and lightness and yellowness increased. Based on the physico‐sensory studies, 50% of BFSF along with emulsifier’s incorporation was optimum without affecting any sensory parameters and this PB had decreased IVSD (31) and EGI (54) when compared to the control 37 and 63, respectively.
Nosocomial SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in urology departments: Results of a prospective multicentric study
Authors: Sánchez María Dolores , Sánchez Miguel , De La Morena José Manuel , Ogaya‐Pinies Gabriel , Mateo Erika , Moscatiello Pietro , Sánchez Susana , Rubio Victor , Bueno Carolina , Barba Raquel , Carracedo David 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the coronavirus disease 2019 perioperative infection rate and mortality rate of patients undergoing urological surgeries during the early pandemic period in Spain.MethodsThis was a non‐interventional multicenter prospective study carried out from 9 March to 3 May 2020 in two urology departments in Madrid, Spain. Clinical, microbiological and radiological data of patients who underwent surgery were collected from computerized medical records.ResultsA total of 148 patients were included in the study, and 141 were analyzed for nosocomial infection risk, after excluding previous and concomitant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 infections. Elective surgeries represented 76.6% of the procedures, whereas emergent surgeries represented 23.4%. Preoperative screening was carried out with polymerase chain reaction test in 34 patients, all were negative. A total of 14 patients also had chest X‐ray (not suspicious in all cases). Three patients (2.1%) developed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 nosocomial infection (symptoms developed between the third day after surgery to the 14th day after hospital discharge). Time from admission to a compatible clinical case was 5.5 days (4–12 days). Two patients underwent surgery with concomitant diagnosis of coronavirus disease. The mortality rate due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 infection is 0.7%, and the specific mortality rate in patients undergoing surgery with community‐acquired coronavirus disease 2019 infection was 50% (1/2).ConclusionsThe nosocomial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 infection rate was low in patients undergoing urological surgical procedures during the peak of the pandemic in Madrid. With appropriate perioperative screening, urological surgical activity can be carried out in safety conditions.
Differential COVID‐19 case positivity in New York City neighborhoods: Socioeconomic factors and mobility
Authors: Lamb Matthew R. , Kandula Sasikiran , Shaman Jeffrey 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundNew York City (NYC) has been one of the hotspots of the COVID‐19 pandemic in the United States. By the end of April 2020, close to 165 000 cases and 13 000 deaths were reported in the city with considerable variability across the city's ZIP codes.ObjectivesIn this study, we examine: (a) the extent to which the variability in ZIP code‐level case positivity can be explained by aggregate markers of socioeconomic status (SES) and daily change in mobility; and (b) the extent to which daily change in mobility independently predicts case positivity.MethodsCOVID‐19 case positivity by ZIP code was modeled using multivariable linear regression with generalized estimating equations to account for within‐ZIP clustering. Daily case positivity was obtained from NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and measures of SES were based on data from the American Community Survey. Changes in human mobility were estimated using anonymized aggregated mobile phone location systems.ResultsOur analysis indicates that the socioeconomic markers considered together explained 56% of the variability in case positivity through April 1 and their explanatory power decreased to 18% by April 30. Changes in mobility during this time period are not likely to be acting as a mediator of the relationship between ZIP‐level SES and case positivity. During the middle of April, increases in mobility were independently associated with decreased case positivity.ConclusionsTogether, these findings present evidence that heterogeneity in COVID‐19 case positivity during NYC’s spring outbreak was largely driven by residents’ SES.
Doxorubicin hydrochloride enhanced antitumour effect of CEA‐regulated oncolytic virotherapy in live cancer cells and a mouse model
Authors: Xiao Boduan , Ying Chang , Chen Yongyi , Huang Fang , Wang Binrong , Fang Huiling , Guo Wan , Liu Tao , Zhou Xiumei , Huang Biao , Liu Xinyuan , Wang Yigang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOncolytic adenovirus (OA) has attracted increasing attention due to their specific proliferation in tumour cells and resulting in lysis of tumour cells. To further improve the antitumour effect of OA, in this study, we combined CD55‐TRAIL‐IETD‐MnSOD (CD55‐TMn), a CEA‐controlled OA constructed previously, and chemotherapy to investigate their synergistic effect and possible mechanisms. MTT assay was performed to detect antitumour effects. Hoechst 33 342 and flow cytometric analysis were used to examine cell apoptosis. Western blotting was performed to examine cell pyroptosis and apoptosis mechanism. Animal experiment was used to detect antitumour effect of doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox) combined with CD55‐TMn in vivo. We firstly found that Dox promotes gene expression mediated by CEA‐regulated OA and virus progeny replication by activating phosphorylation of Smad3, and Dox can enhance antitumour effect of CEA‐regulated CD55‐TMn by promoting cell apotopsis and cell pyroptosis. Thus, our results provide an experimental and theoretical basis on tumour therapy by combination treatment of the oncolytic virotherapy and chemotherapy and it is expected to become a novel strategy for liver cancer therapy.
The biological function and potential mechanism of long non‐coding RNAs in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Zhang Chengmeng , Han Bing , Xu Tongda , Li Dongye 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as part of the family of non‐protein‐coding transcripts, are implicated in the occurrence and progression of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). With recent advances in lncRNA research, these molecules are purported to regulate gene expression at multiple levels, thereby producing beneficial or detrimental biological effects during CVD pathogenesis. At the transcriptional level, lncRNAs affect gene expression by interacting with DNA and proteins, for example, components of chromatin‐modifying complexes, or transcription factors affecting chromatin status. These potential mechanisms suggest that lncRNAs guide proteins to specific gene loci (eg promoter regions), or forestall proteins to specific genomic sites via DNA binding. Additionally, some lncRNAs are required for correct chromatin conformation, which occurs via chromatin looping in enhancer‐like models. At the post‐transcriptional level, lncRNAs interact with RNA molecules, mainly microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs, potentially regulating CVD pathophysiological processes. Moreover, lncRNAs appear to post‐transcriptionally modulate gene expression by participating in mRNA splicing, stability, degradation and translation. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of lncRNAs implicated in CVD biological processes, with an emphasis on potential mechanisms of action.
Robust Estimation of Ability and Mental Speed Employing the Hierarchical Model for Responses and Response Times
Authors: Ranger Jochen , Kuhn Jörg‐Tobias , Wolgast Anett 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVan der Linden's hierarchical model for responses and response times can be used in order to infer the ability and mental speed of test takers from their responses and response times in an educational test. A standard approach for this is maximum likelihood estimation. In real‐world applications, the data of some test takers might be partly irregular, resulting from rapid guessing or item preknowledge. The maximum likelihood estimator is not robust against contamination with irregular data. In this article, we propose a robust estimator of ability and mental speed. The estimator consists of two steps. In the first step, the mental speed is estimated with the estimator of Gervini and Yohai that ignores outlying response times. In the second step, the ability is estimated with an M‐estimator that down weights unusual responses given at unusual response times. This is achieved by combining the hard‐rejection weights of Gervini and Yohai with the M‐estimator suggested by Croux and Haesbroeck for the logistic regression model. The proposed estimator is consistent, almost as efficient as the maximum likelihood estimator in uncontaminated data and robust in contaminated data. The performance of the estimator is analyzed in a simulation study and an empirical example.
Cost effectiveness of dietitian‐led nutrition therapy for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a scoping review
Authors: Siopis G. , Wang L. , Colagiuri S. , Allman‐Farinelli M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe management of diabetes costs in excess of $1.3 trillion per annum worldwide. Diet is central to the management of type 2 diabetes. It is not known whether dietetic intervention is cost effective. This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature concerning the cost effectiveness of medical nutrition therapy provided by dietitians for people with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThirteen scientific databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL, as well as multiple official websites, were searched to source peer‐reviewed articles, reports, guidelines, dissertations and other grey literature published from 2008 to present. Eligible articles had to have assessed and reported the cost effectiveness of dietetic intervention for adults with type 2 diabetes in developed countries. Experimental, quasi‐experimental, observational and qualitative studies were considered.ResultsOf 2387 abstracts assessed for eligibility, four studies combining 22 765 adults with type 2 diabetes were included. Dietetic intervention was shown to be cost‐effective in terms of diabetes‐related healthcare costs and hospital charges, at the same time as also reducing the risk of cumulative days at work lost to less than half and the risk of disability ‘sick’ days at work to less than one‐seventh.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the importance of advocacy for medical nutrition therapy for people with type 2 diabetes, with respect to alleviating the great global economic burden from this condition. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the factors that mediate and moderate cost effectiveness and to allow for the generalisation of the findings.
What effects does material flow cost accounting have for companies?: Evidence from a case studies analysis
Authors: Walz Matthias , Guenther Edeltraud 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMaterial Flow Cost Accounting (MFCA) is a new cost accounting method which enables the identification of improvement opportunities in terms of material consumption and accrual of costs. Until now, no meta‐analysis concerning MFCA has been undertaken. 73 case studies about MFCA use in companies have been analyzed and synthesized in order to determine the effects and drawbacks experienced by these companies when implementing and applying MFCA. The focus of the case studies was MFCA, although, the reported effects cover a broad spectrum. By comparing and synthesizing over 700 statements in the case studies, a clear picture of the experiences reported by companies after having applied MFCA is presented. Whilst the majority of the case studies describe positive effects of MFCA, the reader must consider the described effects with caution, as the insights provided are the best that can be achieved given the limited availability of data. This research may be helpful in practice when considering whether to use MFCA, and in theory as a basis for further research due to its rich description of aspects of the application of MFCA in practice.
Do material efficiency improvements backfire?: Insights from an index decomposition analysis about the link between CO2emissions and material use for Austria
Authors: Plank Barbara , Eisenmenger Nina , Schaffartzik Anke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo keep global heating and other negative consequences of socioeconomic activities within manageable boundaries, industrialized countries must undergo substantial decarbonization, requiring the exploitation of synergies with other environmental endeavors. Improving resource efficiency—that is, reducing the resources required to generate a unit of economic output—is a prominent goal pursued across levels of scale. How does resource efficiency relate to decarbonization? Do economies decrease their emissions as they become more efficient? We examine this relationship for Austria from 2000 to 2015 by conducting an index decomposition analysis at the sectoral level by using consumption‐based indicators from the multi‐regional input–output model Exiobase. Our analysis shows that for Austria, the currently popular pursuit of material efficiency appears to run the risk of coinciding with higher emissions, suggesting that the opportunities to achieve both decarbonization and dematerialization are limited. The Austrian service sectors could contribute to a reduction of the CO2footprint via material efficiency improvements, but strong economic growth foils this possibility coming to fruition. The Austrian economy would do well to either curb demand for goods and services driving global CO2emissions or to produce imported goods and services domestically in an environmentally more benign manner.
Comparative anatomy of the brachial plexus and shoulder nerves of the Sapajus
Authors: Figueredo‐da‐Silva Sylla , Vasconcelos‐da‐Silva Ediana , Abreu Tainá , Aversi‐Ferreira Tales Alexandre 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe capuchin is a neotropical primate that presents easy reproduction in captivity and is used in scientific research. The objective of this work was to describe the structure and the branching pattern of the brachial plexus of the capuchin and to compare the results with data from the literature for humans, chimpanzees, baboons and Callithrix.MethodsTwelve specimens were used: eight males and four females. No animals were killed for the purpose of this study.ResultsThe brachial plexus of Sapajus sp was constituted mainly from the ventral roots of the last four cervical spinal nerves, from C5 to C8, mainly, and the first thoracic nerve (T1).ConclusionsThe pattern of formation of the brachial plexus of the capuchin monkey was more similar to that of Callithrix and baboons, perhaps because they are the only primates in this study to be essentially quadrupedal.
Effect of shock wave therapy associated with aerobic exercise on cellulite: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Troia Sara , Moreira Ana Maria , Pisco Daniela , Noites Andreia , Vale Ana Luisa , Carvalho Paulo , Vilarinho Rui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundCellulite is a multifactor and controversial condition. Several methods have been explored to reduce it, not always with favorable results. Shock Wave Therapy has been shown to be effective, but the results of its association with an Aerobic Exercise Program are unknown.AimsTo verify whether Shock Wave Therapy in association with an Aerobic Exercise Program reduces the degree of severity of Cellulite in the gluteal region and in the ⅓ of the proximal posterior of the thigh.MethodsForty‐five healthy women, aged from 18 to 32, randomly assigned, considering the severity degree in the Cellulite Severity Scale and the level of physical activity, in three groups: two experimental and one control group. The control group performed the evaluations. The experimental group 1 performed an Aerobic Exercise Program, and the experimental group 2 associated this program with a Radial Shock Wave Therapy protocol. The experimental groups completed six interventions within 3 weeks. In addition, the degree of severity in the Cellulite Severity Scale, height, body composition, skin temperature, and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness were assessed. One‐way ANOVA test and Kruskal‐Wallis were used to obtain the results, with level of significance of 0.05.ResultsForty‐two women completed the study. There was a significant reduction in the severity of Cellulite between experimental group 2 and group 1 (P = 0.032), and from group 2 to the control group (P = 0.042).ConclusionThe association of Shock Wave Therapy and Aerobic Exercise was shown to be effective in reducing the severity of cellulite.
Are the Institute of Medicine guidelines for optimal gestational weight gain in twin pregnancies applicable to Japanese women?
Authors: Shimura Mai , Obata Soichiro , Misumi Toshihiro , Miyagi Etsuko , Aoki Shigeru 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsTo investigate whether the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines for optimal gestational weight gain (GWG) in twin pregnancies are applicable to Japanese women.MethodsThis was a retrospective study involving women who delivered full‐term twins at our tertiary center diagnosed with a normal prepregnancy body mass index. The women were divided into two groups, according to the optimal GWG recommended by the IOM (16.8–24.5 kg): the adequate GWG (AGWG) group with GWG meeting the guidelines and the low GWG (LGWG) group with GWG below the guidelines. Next, the women were divided into two groups according to birthweight: a group with both twins born appropriate for gestational age (AGA group) and a group with one or both twins born small for gestational age (SGA group). Their GWG as well as their pregnancy outcomes were compared.ResultsA total of 265 women were included. The AGWG group had a significantly higher proportion of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy than the LGWG group. There was no significant difference in the proportion of women with both twins born AGA or the rate of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Meanwhile, the median GWG in the AGA group was 13.6 kg, which was significantly higher than 12.0 kg in the SGA group. And even the median GWG in the AGA group was below the lower limit of the IOM guidelines.ConclusionThe optimal GWG for Japanese women with twin pregnancies may be below the IOM guidelines.
Physical, psychological and socio‐demographic predictors related to patients’ self‐belief of their temporomandibular disorders’ aetiology
Authors: Chung Joey , Lobbezoo Frank , van Selms Maurits K. A. , Chattrattrai Thiprawee , Aarab Ghizlane , Mitrirattanakul Somsak 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aetiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) has been widely discussed in literature, but little is known about patients’ self‐belief of their TMD aetiology.ObjectiveFor six categories of self‐believed aetiology of the TMD complaint (viz., occlusal factors, physical trauma, emotional stress, deep pain input, parafunctions and unknown), associations with physical, psychological and socio‐demographic predictors were assessed.MethodsIn this retrospective study, medical records of 328 TMD patients who had visited a clinic for Orofacial Pain and Dental Sleep Medicine were analysed.ResultsThe most frequently reported self‐believed TMD aetiology was ‘unknown’ (42.3%). The category ‘occlusal factors’ was associated with pain worsening with emotion. ‘Physical trauma’ as self‐believed aetiology was associated with TMD dysfunction score. ‘Emotional stress’ was associated with awake bruxism and age 18‐49 years. ‘Deep pain input’ was associated with TMD dysfunction score, sleep bruxism, and arthritis or joint pain. ‘Parafunctions’ were associated with sleep bruxism. ‘Unknown’ was associated with TMD symptoms severity and work disability.ConclusionFor each category of self‐believed aetiology of the TMD complaint, different associations with physical, psychological and socio‐demographic predictors were identified. This may suggest that individual phenotypes play a role in the patient's belief in the cause of the TMD complaint. Determination of phenotypic risk factors associated with aetiological self‐belief might help clinicians to provide better treatment, including counselling, to their patients.
Creating systems aligned with the triple‐aim and value‐based care
Authors: Gesko David S. , Worley Don , Rindal Brad D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHealthPartners is an integrated health care system in the upper Midwest striving to provide value‐based care that aligns with the triple‐aim care. The dental delivery system at HealthPartners is focused on prevention by utilizing risk assessment tools (caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer) built in to our record system. Integration with medical delivery system is facilitated by a shared electronic health record. Measurement is critical to determining if we accomplish our goals. The dentist compensation system is aligned with our care agenda. Implementation strategies, lessons learned, and future directions are discussed in the context of journey to achieve the triple‐aim and value‐based care.
Phylogeny and taxonomy of Afrocayratia, a new genus of Vitaceae from continental Africa and Madagascar
Authors: Rabarijaona Romer Narindra , Dang Viet‐Cuong , Parmar Gaurav , Liu Bing , Wen Jun , Chen Zhi‐Duan , Lu Li‐Min 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe genus Cayratia Juss. in the traditional sense (i.e., Cayratia s.l.) of the grape family has been shown to be non‐monophyletic. Previous studies supported the splitting of Cayratia s.l. into three genera, that is, Cayratia s.s., Causonis Raf., and a new genus representing the African Cayratia clade. However, the morphology of the African Cayratia clade has not been studied carefully and its phylogenetic position within Vitaceae remains unclear. Our study integrates molecular, distributional, and morphological data and supports the recognition of the new genus Afrocayratia from continental Africa and Madagascar. Phylogenetic analyses strongly support the monophyly of Afrocayratia and resolve it as a sister of Cayratia s.s. based on the chloroplast data, but it is placed sister to Cyphostemma based on the internal transcribed spacer dataset. Molecular dating suggests that Afrocayratia split with Cayratia s.s. during the Paleocene, but that the extant species of Afrocayratia did not diversify until the early Miocene. Afrocayratia differs from its allied genera in having short stigmas and seeds with subcircular ventral infold cavities in cross‐section. Three clades are detected within Afrocayratia, with A. debilis (Baker) J.Wen & L.M.Lu as the first diverged lineage. The second diverged lineage includes A. delicatula (Willems) J.Wen & Z.D.Chen and A. gracilis (Guill. & Perr.) J.Wen & Z.D.Chen. The third diverged lineage includes A. imerinensis (Baker) J.Wen & L.M.Lu, A. longiflora (Desc.) J.Wen & Rabarijaona, and A. triternata (Baker) J.Wen & Rabarijaona from Madagascar, which form a monophyletic group that diverged from the second lineage in the middle Miocene. Combining the morphological and molecular evidence, we formally describe the new genus Afrocayratia, make seven new combinations, and provide a key to species of the genus.