bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germline mutation rates in young adults predict longevity and reproductive lifespan
Authors: Cawthon Richard M. , Meeks Huong D. , Sasani Thomas A. , Smith Ken R. , Kerber Richard A. , O’Brien Elizabeth , Baird Lisa , Dixon Melissa M. , Peiffer Andreas P. , Leppert Mark F. , Quinlan Aaron R. , Jorde Lynn B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAgeing may be due to mutation accumulation across the lifespan, leading to tissue dysfunction, disease, and death. We tested whether germline autosomal mutation rates in young adults predict their remaining survival, and, for women, their reproductive lifespans. Age-adjusted mutation rates (AAMRs) in 61 women and 61 men from the Utah CEPH (Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain) families were determined. Age at death, cause of death, all-site cancer incidence, and reproductive histories were provided by the Utah Population Database, Utah Cancer Registry, and Utah Genetic Reference Project. Higher AAMRs were significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality in both sexes combined. Subjects in the top quartile of AAMRs experienced more than twice the mortality of bottom quartile subjects (hazard ratio [HR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–3.56; p = 0.008; median survival difference = 4.7 years). Fertility analyses were restricted to women whose age at last birth (ALB) was ≥ 30 years, the age when fertility begins to decline. Women with higher AAMRs had significantly fewer live births and a younger ALB. Adult germline mutation accumulation rates are established in adolescence, and later menarche in women is associated with delayed mutation accumulation. We conclude that germline mutation rates in healthy young adults may provide a measure of both reproductive and systemic ageing. Puberty may induce the establishment of adult mutation accumulation rates, just when DNA repair systems begin their lifelong decline.
Evaluation of Anti-proliferative Effects of Barringtonia racemosa and Gallic Acid on Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Ho Ivan Y. M. , Abdul Aziz Azlina , Mat Junit Sarni 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBarringtonia racemosa leaf water extract (BLE) had been shown to have high gallic acid (GA) content and BLE has been postulated to have anti-proliferative effects towards colorectal cancer. This study aims to further investigate the mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative effect of BLE in Caco-2 cells and to determine if GA is responsible for the observed effects. Both BLE and GA inhibited Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cells exposed to IC50 concentration of BLE and GA showed reduced antioxidant activities. GA-treated Caco-2 cells experienced higher oxidative stress compared to cells treated with BLE. Both BLE and GA significantly up-regulated the expression of SLC2A1. BLE but not GA, significantly down-regulated the expression of ADH4. Meanwhile, GA but not BLE, significantly up-regulated AKRIB10 and GLO1 but significantly down-regulated HAGH. Alterations in gene expression were coupled with changes in extracellular glucose and pyruvate levels. While BLE decreased intracellular pyruvate, GA did the opposite. Both intracellular and extracellular D-lactate were not affected by either BLE or GA. GA showed more pronounced effects on apoptosis while BLE irreversibly reduced cell percentage in the G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the multiple-actions of BLE against Caco-2 cells, potentially involving various polyphenolic compounds, including GA.
Isolation and characterization of a salt-tolerant denitrifying bacterium Alishewanella sp. F2 from seawall muddy water
Authors: Cheng Rui , Wang Xinyi , Zhu Hui , Yan Baixing , Shutes Brian , Xu Yingying , Fu Baorong , Wen Huiyang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA salt-tolerant denitrifying bacterium strain F2 was isolated from seawall muddy water in Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China. Strain F2 was identified by morphological observations, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S rDNA identification. The salt tolerance of strain F2 was verified and the factors affecting the removal ability of strain F2 to nitrous nitrogen (NO2–N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3–N) in saline conditions were investigated. Strain F2 was identified as Alishewanella sp., named Alishewanella sp. F2. Strain F2 can tolerate NaCl concentrations up to 70 g/L, and its most efficient denitrification capacity was observed at NaCl concentrations of 0−30 g/L. In the medium with NaCl concentrations of 0−30 g/L, strain F2 exhibited high removal efficiencies of NO2–N and NO3–N, with the removal percentages for both NO2–N and NO3–N of approximately 99%. In saline conditions with 30 g/L NaCl, the optimum culture pH, NaNO2 initial concentrations and inoculation sizes of strain F2 were 8−10, 0.4−0.8 g/L and 5−7%, respectively. Strain F2 was highly effective in removing NO2–N and NO3–N in saline conditions, and it has a good application potential in saline wastewater treatment.
Clinical and Radiographic Features of Cryptococcal Neoformans Meningitis-associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Wu Gang , Guo Xiumei , Wang Yan , Hu Zhijian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCryptococcal meningitis is the most common intracranial infectious fungal disease. After a period of antifungal treatment, as the number of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid decreases, the biochemical indexes improve and the number of cryptococcus reduces, the patient’s condition suddenly worsen. Most of the symptoms are severe headache, raised intracranial pressure, together with impaired clinical nerve function. These presentations are often mistaken for a failure of antifungal treatment. In fact it’s an encephalitis syndrome which is unrecognized by most clinicians: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). To increase awareness we retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 100 cases of cryptococcal neoformans meningitis, among which 26 patients develop CM-IRIS. All patients have been divided into three groups: Group 1, patients who were not treated with glucocorticoid and didn’t experienced IRIS; Group 2, patients who were not treated with glucocorticoid although developed CM-IRIS; Group 3, patients started treatment with glucocorticoid for two weeks with new onset CM-IRIS. Compared with the group treated with glucocorticoid, treatment without glucocorticoid was subjected to a higher risk of incident IRIS. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Imaging findings demonstrated diseased area of the white matter area, and it looked like commonly in the supratentorial region. Moreover, if it appears in the infratentorial region then must be combined with supratentorial region.
Construction of a high density linkage map in Oil Palm using SPET markers
Authors: Herrero Javier , Santika Baitha , Herrán Ana , Erika Pratiwi , Sarimana Upit , Wendra Fahmi , Sembiring Zulhermana , Asmono Dwi , Ritter Enrique 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA high-density genetic linkage map from a controlled cross of two oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) genotypes was constructed based on Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET) markers. A 5K panel of hybridization probes were used for this purpose which was derived from previously developed SNP primers in oil palm. Initially, 13,384 SNPs were detected which were reduced to 13,073 SNPs after filtering for only bi-allelic SNP. Around 75% of the markers were found to be monomorphic in the progeny, reducing the markers left for linkage mapping to 3,501. Using Lep-MAP3 software, a linkage map was constructed which contained initially 2,388 markers and had a total length of 1,370 cM. In many cases several adjacent SNP were located on the same locus, due to missing recombination events between them, leading to a total of 1,054 loci on the 16 LG. Nevertheless, the marker density of 1.74 markers per cM (0.57 cM/marker) should allow the detection of QTLs in the future. This study shows that cost efficient SPET markers are suitable for linkage map construction in oil palm and probably, also in other species.
Lytic potential of Lysobacter capsici VKM B-2533T: bacteriolytic enzymes and outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Afoshin A. S. , Kudryakova I. V. , Borovikova A. O. , Suzina N. E. , Toropygin I. Yu. , Shishkova N. A. , Vasilyeva N. V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecent recurrent outbreaks of bacterial resistance to antibiotics have shown the critical need to identify new lytic agents to combat them. The species Lysobacter capsici VKM B-2533T possesses a potent antimicrobial action against a number of bacteria, fungi and yeasts. Its activity can be due to the impact of bacteriolytic enzymes, antibiotics and peptides. This work isolated four homogeneous bacteriolytic enzymes and a mixture of two proteins, which also had a bacteriolytic activity. The isolates included proteins identical to L. enzymogenes α- and β-lytic proteases and lysine-specific protease. The proteases of 26 kDa and 29 kDa and a protein identified as N-acetylglycosaminidase had not been isolated in Lysobacter earlier. The isolated β-lytic protease digested live methicillin-resistant staphylococcal cells with high efficiency (minimal inhibitory concentration, 2.85 μg/mL). This property makes the enzyme deserving special attention. A recombinant β-lytic protease was produced. The antimicrobial potential of the bacterium was contributed to by outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). L. capsici cells were found to form a group of OMVs responsible for antifungal activity. The data are indicative of a significant antimicrobial potential of this bacterium that requires thorough research.
Development and Validation of Prediction Model for Risk Reduction of Metabolic Syndrome by Body Weight Control: A Prospective Population-based Study
Authors: Lee Solam , Lee Hunju , Choi Jung Ran , Koh Sang Baek 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSeveral studies have reported that weight control is of paramount importance in reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, this well-known association does not provide any practical information on how much weight loss in a given period would reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in individuals in a personalized setting. This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for metabolic syndrome in 2 years, based on an individual’s baseline health status and body weight after 2 years. We recruited 3,447 and 3,874 participants from the Ansan and Anseong cohorts of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, respectively. Among the former, 8636 longitudinal observations of 2,412 participants (70%) and 3,570 of 1,034 (30%) were used for training and internal validation, respectively. Among the latter, all 15,739 observations of 3,874 participants were used for external validation. Compared to logistic regression, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, random forest, and deep neural network, XGBoost showed the highest performance (area under curve of 0.879) and a significantly enhanced calibration of the predictive score with the prevalence rate. The model was ported onto an application to provide the 2-year probability of developing metabolic syndrome by simulating selected target body weights, based on an individual’s baseline health profiles. Further prospective studies are required to determine whether weight-control programs could lead to favorable health outcomes.
Genome survey ofZanthoxylum bungeanumand development of genomic-SSR markers in congeneric species
Authors: Li Jingmiao , Li Siqiao , Kong Lijuan , Wang Lihua , Wei Anzhi , Liu Yulin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractZanthoxylum bungeanum, a spice and medicinal plant, is cultivated in many parts of China and some countries in Southeast Asia; however, data on its genome are lacking. In the present study, we performed a whole-genome survey and developed novel genomic-SSR markers of Z. bungeanum. Clean data (∼197.16 Gb) were obtained and assembled into 11185221 scaffolds with an N50 of 183 bp. K-mer analysis revealed that Z. bungeanum has an estimated genome size of 3971.92 Mb, and the GC content, heterozygous rate, and repeat sequence rate are 37.21%, 1.73%, and 86.04%, respectively. These results indicate that the genome of Z. bungeanum is complex. Furthermore, 27153 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were identified from 57288 scaffolds with a minimum length &gt; 1 kb. Mononucleotide repeats (19706) were the most abundant type, followed by dinucleotide repeats (5154). The most common motifs were A/T, followed by AT/AT; these SSRs accounted for 71.42% and 11.84% of all repeats, respectively. A total of 21243 non-repeating primer pairs were designed, and 100 were randomly selected and validated by PCR analysis using DNA from 10 Z. bungeanum individuals and 5 Zanthoxylum armatum individuals. Finally, 36 polymorphic SSR markers were developed with polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranging from 0.16 to 0.75. Cluster analysis revealed that Z. bungeanum and Z. armatum could be divided into two major clusters, suggesting that these newly developed SSR markers are useful for genetic diversity and germplasm resource identification in Z. bungeanum and Z. armatum.
Thyroxine Treatment During the Perinatal Stage Prevents the
Alterations in the ObRb-STAT3 Leptin Signaling Pathway Caused by Congenital
Hypothyroidism
Authors: Tapia-Martínez Jorge , Cano-Europa Edgar , Blas-Valdivia Vanessa , Franco-Colín Margarita 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThyroid hormone deficiency during crucial stages of development causes congenital
hypothyroidism. This syndrome alters hypothalamic pathways involved in long-term
bodyweight regulation as ObRb-STAT3 leptin signaling pathway, which is
associated with metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to determine if thyroxine
treatment during pregnancy and lactation in hypothyroid mothers avoids, in the
congenital hypothyroid offspring, the alterations in metabolic programming
related to metabolic syndrome and the ObRb-STAT3 leptin signaling pathway in
hypothalamus. Twenty-four virgin female Wistar rats were divided into euthyroid,
hypothyroid, and hypothyroid with thyroxine treatment (20
μg/kg/day T4 since pregnancy until
lactation). The bodyweight and energy intake, insulin resistance, glucose
tolerance, metabolic and hormonal parameters were determined in offspring at 28
weeks after birth. Then, the rats were euthanized to obtain adipose tissue
reserves and hypothalamus to measure the expression of ObRb, STAT3, pSTAT3, and
SOCS3. Congenital hypothyroidism presented metabolic syndrome such as insulin
resistance, glucose tolerance, dyslipidemias, an increase in cardiovascular risk
(Castelli I males:166.67%, females: 173.56%; Castelli II males:
375.51%, females: 546.67%), and hypothalamic leptin resistance
(SOCS3, Males: 10.96%, females: 25.85%). Meanwhile, the
thyroxine treatment in the mothers during pregnancy and lactation prevents the
metabolic disturbance. In conclusion, thyroxine treatment during the critical
perinatal stage for metabolic programming prevents congenital
hypothyroidism-caused metabolic syndrome and hypothalamic leptin resistance.
Liraglutide Effect on Ventricular Transient Outward K +  Channel and Connexin-43 Protein Expression
Authors: Ramadan Nehal M. , Malek Hala Abdel , Rahman Karawan Abd-el , El-Kholy Elhamy , Shaalan Dalia , Elkashef Wagdi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground Human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, Liraglutide, has shown cardioprotective effects in animal and clinical studies of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to assess the effect of Liraglutide on diabetes-induced myocardial electrical remodeling.Materials and Methods A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by high-fat diet and low dose Streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were randomized into 4 subgroups (n=6–7): diabetic-untreated, diabetics treated with Liraglutide, diabetics treated with Ramipril, and diabetics treated with Metformin in addition to a control group. Changes in serum glucose, insulin, lipid profile and revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI index) were assessed. QT and QTc intervals were measured and the degree of cardiac interstitial and perivascular fibrosis was examined. The expression of myocardial Ito channel α subunits, gap junction protein; Kv 4.2/4.3 and connexin 43 (Cx43) respectively, were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.Results Similar to Ramipril, both Liraglutide and Metformin effectively inhibited the diabetes-induced myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. However, Liraglutide treatment significantly improved Kv 4.2/4.3 and Cx43 expression/distribution and prevented diabetes-related QTc interval prolongation.Conclusions We have shown that pathological alterations in myocardial Cx43 expression and distribution, in addition to reduced Ito channel expression, may underlie the QTc interval prolongation in high-fat diet/STZ rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The beneficial effects of Liraglutide, as those of Ramipril, on cardiac electrophysiology could be at least attributed to its direct ability to normalize expression and distribution of Cx43 and Ito channels in the diabetic rat heart.
Auditive Verarbeitung und Wahrnehmung bei Jugendlichen mit Kommunikationsbeeinträchtigungen
Authors: Wagner Susanne , Rinneberg-Schmidt Lissy , Fuchs Michael , Meuret Sylvia 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Berufsbildungswerke (BBW) sind Einrichtungen der beruflichen Rehabilitation und Bildung, vergleichbar mit Förderschulen im schulischen Bereich. Das BBW Leipzig registriert seit einigen Jahren eine zunehmende Anzahl von Jugendlichen mit der Diagnose auditive Verarbeitungs- und Wahrnehmungsstörung (AVWS). Für diese Zielgruppe gibt es derzeit nur wenige Testverfahren mit Referenz- oder Normwerten. Ziel war die Untersuchung der auditiven Verarbeitung und Wahrnehmung von peripher hörgesunden Jugendlichen mit vorhandenem Testmaterial.
Material und Methoden 35 normalhörende Jugendliche (26 männlich, 9 weiblich, im Mittel 18,1 Jahre) aus dem BBW Leipzig wurden mit folgenden Tests untersucht: dichotisches Hören, Sprachverstehen im Störgeräusch, Verstehen zeitkomprimierter Sprache, Phonem-Differenzierung und -Analyse. Zusätzlich wurden sprachfreie Intelligenz, Konzentration, figurale Merkfähigkeit und die sprachlichen Leistungen getestet.
Ergebnisse 25 Jugendliche zeigten zentral-auditive Auffälligkeiten; 5 von ihnen hatten keine AVWS-Diagnose aus der Kindheit. Bei 9 der 25 Jugendlichen konnten die Auffälligkeiten nicht auf übergeordnete Störungen zurückgeführt werden. Diese Jugendlichen waren vor allem in der Wahrnehmung gesprochener Sprache sowie im Halten und Manipulieren sprachlicher Reize im Arbeitsgedächtnis eingeschränkt, obwohl die sprachlichen Fähigkeiten unauffällig waren und die Intelligenz normal bis überdurchschnittlich war.
Diskussion Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Jugendliche auffällig im Sinne der AVWS-Kriterien der DGPP sein können und dass nicht zwingend schon eine AVWS-Diagnose aus der Kindheit vorliegen muss. Außerdem wurde deutlich, dass die multiprofessionelle Diagnostik wichtig bleibt. Standardisierte Testverfahren mit entsprechenden Altersnormen werden benötigt.
Congenital Transmesenteric Hernia—Importance of a Timely Intervention
Authors: Koranne Mandar Sharadchandra , Banker Amay 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTransmesenteric hernia is a rare cause of small bowel strangulation in adults. Our patient was a 61-year-old previously healthy male, who presented with vomiting and abdominal pain with no surgical history and no trauma in the past. Computed tomography with contrast enhancement was suggestive of superior mesenteric vein (SMV) compression without any obvious cause. The emergency exploratory laparotomy revealed venous congestion of small bowel caused by a transmesenteric hernia with the herniated loop compressing the SMV. On reducing the hernia, complete reversal of the bowel congestion was noted and small bowel resection was averted. A high index of suspicion for a transmesenteric hernia in small bowel obstruction of unknown etiology and a timely surgical intervention are must for a good clinical outcome.
Type of Childbirth and its Association with the Maternal-Filial Interaction
Authors: Santos Neto Crystiane Hereny dos , Oliveira Fábio Sagula , Gomes Graciele Fernanda , Araujo Júnior Edward , Nakamura Mary Uchiyama , Souza Eduardo de 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the quality of mother-child bonding in three different contexts related to the labor, that is, vaginal delivery, elective cesarean section, and intrapartum cesarean section.
Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional clinical study conducted in two cities within the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The study sample consisted of 81 babies born without any major complications during pregnancy and labor, aged 3 to 4 months, and their respective mothers, aged between 20 and 35 years old, primiparous, living in the cities of Palmital and Ourinhos, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The evaluation of the quality of the maternal-filial interaction was performed through video-image analysis, using the Mother-baby Interaction Observation Protocol from 0 to 6 months (POIMB 0–6, in the Portuguese acronym).
Results Mothers who had vaginal delivery had higher amount of visual contact or attempted visual contact (p = 0.034), better response to the social behavior of the child (p = 0.001) and greater sensitivity (p = 0.007) than the others. Their children also showed more interaction with them, as they looked more frequently at the mother's face (p ≤ 0.008) and responded more frequently to the mother's communicative stimulus (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Considering the occurrence of vaginal delivery, it is concluded that the interaction between the mother-child dyad is quantitatively larger and qualitatively better when compared with intrapartum or elective cesarean section.
Visual and Hormone Outcomes in Pituitary Apoplexy: Results of a Single Surgeon, Single Institution 15-Year Retrospective Review and Pooled Data Analysis
Authors: Seaman Scott C. , Dougherty Mark C. , Zanaty Mario , Bruch Leslie A. , Graham Scott M. , Greenlee Jeremy D. W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Pituitary apoplexy commonly presents with visual and hormonal deficits. While traditionally regarded as an emergency, there have been increasing trends toward conservative management. Our institutional practice consists of early surgery; therefore, we reviewed our series evaluating vision outcomes, hormone function, and complications compared with the present literature.
Methods We retrospectively reviewed our institution's medical records to identify pituitary apoplexy patients who were treated via the endoscopic endonasal approach by a single neurosurgeon (senior author). We recorded basic demographics, radiographic and operative features, and preoperative and postoperative vision and hormone status. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. Pooled data analysis of visual outcomes in the current literature using Bayesian inference was performed.
Results We identified 44 patients with histologically confirmed pituitary apoplexy treated by endoscopic transsphenoidal decompression; 77% were treated within 24 hours of presentation. Total 45% had cranial nerve (CN) palsy, 36% anopsia, and 20% had visual acuity deficits. Postoperatively, 100% of CN palsies improved, 81% of anopsias improved, and 66.7% of visual acuity deficits improved. Long-lasting panhypopituitarism (25%) and hypothyrodism (22%) were common. Cavernous sinus involvement predicted residual tumor (p = 0.006). Pooled Bayesian inference showed 30% improvement in vision outcomes with surgical management compared with medical management with a number needed to treat of 3.3.
Conclusion Early surgery for pituitary apoplexy was associated with excellent visual outcomes and the need for long-term hormone replacement is common. Cavernous sinus involvement is an independent predictor of residual tumor. Pooled statistical analysis favors aggressive surgical management of apoplexy for improved visual outcomes.