bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uniform stabilization in Besov spaces with arbitrary decay rates of the magnetohydrodynamic system by finite-dimensional interior localized static feedback controllers
Authors: Lasiecka Irena , Priyasad Buddhika , Triggiani Roberto 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe consider the d-dimensional MagnetoHydroDynamics (MHD) system defined on a sufficiently smooth bounded domain, $$d = 2,3$$

d
=
2
,
3

with homogeneous boundary conditions, and subject to external sources assumed to cause instability. The initial conditions for both fluid and magnetic equations are taken of low regularity. We then seek to uniformly stabilize such MHD system in the vicinity of an unstable equilibrium pair, in the critical setting of correspondingly low regularity spaces, by means of explicitly constructed, static, feedback controls, which are localized on an arbitrarily small interior subdomain. In additional, they will be minimal in number. The resulting space of well-posedness and stabilization is a suitable product space $$\displaystyle \widetilde{\textbf{B}}^{2- ^{2}\!/_{p}}_{q,p}(\Omega )\times \widetilde{\textbf{B}}^{2- ^{2}\!/_{p}}_{q,p}(\Omega ), \, 1< p < \frac{2q}{2q-1}, \, q > d,$$

B
~

q
,
p

2

-
2

/
p

(
Ω
)

×

B
~

q
,
p

2

-
2

/
p

(
Ω
)

,

1
<
p
<

2
q

2
q
-
1

,

q
>
d
,

of tight Besov spaces for the fluid velocity component and the magnetic field component (each “close” to $$\textbf{L}^3(\Omega )$$

L
3

(
Ω
)

for $$d = 3$$

d
=
3

). Showing maximal $$L^p$$

L
p

-regularity up to $$T = \infty $$

T
=
∞

for the feedback stabilized linear system is critical for the analysis of well-posedness and stabilization of the feedback nonlinear problem.
Women participation in South Asian agriculture: a comprehensive systematic review
Authors: Islam Md. Monirul , Jannat Arifa , Al Rafi Dewan Abdullah 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAgriculture holds significant socioeconomic importance in South Asia, with women playing vital roles in various agricultural activities. Recognising their contributions is essential for food security, poverty reduction, and sustainable development. This research investigates the crucial role of women in agricultural development in South Asia, employing systematic review methods and text-mining techniques. The study utilised a systemic review methodology for thorough review procedures and data analysis, incorporating the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) model and text mining techniques. The initial search on Scopus generated 292 papers, while the Web of Science (WoS) databases provided 324 relevant articles. Following a thorough screening process, 47 articles were ultimately included in the review. The word cloud analysis highlights key terms like “women,” “empowerment,” and “agriculture,” underscoring their significance in women’s involvement in agriculture. The review also identified a research gap in intersectionality, an essential aspect of gender studies. Furthermore, VOSviewer software’s network analysis depicted various parameters’ interconnectedness in women’s agriculture participation. This systematic review extensively examined recommendations, extensions, and policies concerning women’s involvement in South Asian agriculture. Finally, the study emphasises the crucial link between women, agriculture, and South Asia, advocating for policy interventions and further research to empower women.
Mental health in children admitted with paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS): a follow-up study at 6 months of the Swissped-RECOVERY trial
Authors: Schöbi Nina , Sanchez Carlos , Atkinson Andrew , Andre Maya C. , Blanchard-Rohner Geraldine , Perez Maria-Helena , Trück Johannes , Welzel Tatjana , Schlapbach Luregn J. , Bielicki Julia , Grazioli Serge 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
PIMS-TS presents with features considered to pose a risk for the development of unfavourable long-term mental health outcomes which haven’t been prospectively investigated. These include neurological symptoms (headache, confusion, and delirium), systemic inflammation, and critical illness requiring PICU support. Therefore, we set out to investigate mental health at 6-month follow-up in patients recruited into Swissped-RECOVERY trial.

Methods
This is a pre-planned analysis of the Swissped-RECOVERY trial (clinicaltrial.gov, NCT 04826588) investigating intravenous immunoglobulins versus intravenous methylprednisolone in patients with PIMS-TS. Mental health was assessed 6 months after hospital discharge using the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), leading to a score concerning mental well-being (total score scale 0–40 points, subdomains 0–10 points). At population level it is expected that 80% of children belong to the normal, 10% to the borderline, and 10% to the abnormal band of the SDQ scores.

Findings
Seventy-five patients were included, 66 (88%) parent-reported and 26 (78.8%) self-reported SDQs were returned. The median total difficulty score was 7.0 [4.0, 11.8] for parent-reported and 11.0 [7.0, 14.8] for self-reported SDQ. The total difficulty score was borderline or abnormal in 12/58 (20.7%) of parent-reported and 7/26 (26.9%) of self-reported SDQs. Emotional problems were reported borderline or abnormal in 19% and 27% of the parent- and self-reported SDQ, respectively, and for hyperactivity/inattention 21% and 27%, respectively.

Conclusion
Emotional problems and hyperactivity/inattention appeared to be the pressing concerns. Potential interference with daily activities such as home life, friendship, etc., makes early identification important to ensure adequate support.

Trail registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, ID NCT04826588, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04826588.
‘I can’t segregate myself’: self-narrating and ‘small boundary’ work in Nairobi’s ghettos
Authors: Lanne Jean-Baptiste , Pommerolle Marie-Emmanuelle 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article explores the trajectories and narratives of people who have exited marginalized urban spaces in Nairobi to move through other social spaces in the city, or abroad. Claiming to belong to the ‘ghetto’, an idiom that refers to both a local space of exclusion and a globalized cultural and political imaginary, our interlocutors embrace the contradictions of this belonging in their everyday experiences. The careers they have built in different fields (art, activism, sport, academia) identify them as figures of social success and make them question their relationships with those around them. Defining their aspirations as intimately linked with the ghetto, but perceiving it as a strong constraint, they are not cutting ties with the place they come from. Drawing on qualitative fieldwork that pays attention to both their self-narratives and their writing, we propose the notion of ‘small boundaries’ to describe how social and spatial mobility from the ghetto produces, for each individual in a different way, an intimate cleavage within the self. We then propose to unpack this specific self as a configuration of three types of distancing (social, spatial and self-distancing) that allow both their aspirations and their obligations to coexist in everyday life.
THE EXERCISE OF STATE POWER OVER MIGRANTS AT SEA THROUGH TECHNOLOGIES OF REMOTE CONTROL: RECONCEPTUALIZING HUMAN RIGHTS JURISDICTION
Authors: Papachristodoulou Aphrodite 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe employment of cutting-edge technology in the European Union's external border management is transforming the way that States acquire control over seaborne migrants and deconstructing traditional conceptions of border and territory. This article sheds light on a new generation of human rights violations on the high seas, where people's rights become contingent on their geographical location which is increasingly traceable by monitoring bodies. Amidst the burgeoning phenomena of abandonment at sea and contemporary forms of migrant push-backs, this article contends that human rights jurisdiction ought to be reconceptualized in functional terms to capture new modalities of State power, that if and when exercised, can amount to effective control, triggering a State's human rights obligations.
THE ARMED ATTACK EXCEPTION TO NEUTRALITY IN INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITY LAW
Authors: Wentker Alexander 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article argues that the scope of the neutrality duties of non-assistance and prevention allows for an exception – a carve-out for assistance given to the victim State of an armed attack. Rather than weighing in on debates as to whether current State practice accepted as law suffices to establish this rule inductively, the article offers a different approach to grounding the argument for this exception in the methodology of the sources of international law, which thus far has been underexplored. The central argument of the article is that the exception or carve-out—and its contours—deductively flows from the structure of international law of peace and security and, in particular, the victim State's right to self-defence. The purpose of that right—enabling the effective termination of the armed attack—must not be undermined through prohibitions of military assistance and duties of prevention. These considerations define the scope of neutrality duties as revealed through systemic treaty interpretation. Such deductive reasoning equally determines the scope of customary neutrality duties, whether discerning that scope is framed as systemic interpretation or as identification of custom.
Radial-to-axial flows in a scaled pulsed-power scheme for producing outflows resembling YSO jets
Authors: Hasson Hannah R. , Erez I. Nesli , Evans Matthew , West-Abdallah Imani , Young James , Angel Jay , Chen Chiatai , Freeman Euan , Greenly John B. , Hammer David A. , Kusse Bruce R. , Lavine E. Sander , Potter William M. , Gourdain Pierre-A. 
Published: December 2024

Young stellar objects (YSOs) are protostars that exhibit bipolar outflows fed by accretion disks. Theories of the transition between disk and outflow often involve a complex magnetic field structure thought to be created by the disk coiling field lines at the jet base; however, due to limited resolution, these theories cannot be confirmed with observation and thus may benefit from laboratory astrophysics studies. We create a dynamically similar laboratory system by driving a

$\sim$

1 MA current pulse with a 200 ns rise through a

$\approx$

2 mm-tall Al cylindrical wire array mounted to a three-dimensional (3-D)-printed, stainless steel scaffolding. This system creates a plasma that converges on the centre axis and ejects cm-scale bipolar outflows. Depending on the chosen 3-D-printed load path, the system may be designed to push the ablated plasma flow radially inwards or off-axis to make rotation. In this paper, we present results from the simplest iteration of the load which generates radially converging streams that launch non-rotating jets. The temperature, velocity and density of the radial inflows and axial outflows are characterized using interferometry, gated optical and ultraviolet imaging, and Thomson scattering diagnostics. We show that experimental measurements of the Reynolds number and sonic Mach number in three different stages of the experiment scale favourably to the observed properties of YSO jets with

$Re\sim 10^5\unicode{x2013}10^9$

and

$M\sim 1\unicode{x2013}10$

, while our magnetic Reynolds number of

$Re_M\sim 1\unicode{x2013}15$

indicates that the magnetic field diffuses out of our plasma over multiple hydrodynamical time scales. We compare our results with 3-D numerical simulations in the PERSEUS extended magnetohydrodynamics code.
The Role of Epistemic Communities in Formulating EU Policy: The PrecisionTox Project
Authors: Čavoški Aleksandra , Lee Robert , Holden Laura 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The interface of science and law is a territory frequently occupied by policymakers. In facilitating this interface, epistemic communities have become significant influencers in policymaking, especially at the European Union (EU) level, as a result of its complex multilevel governance system. In this article we assess the quality and nature of interactions between epistemic communities and EU stakeholders on the Horizon-funded project ‘PrecisionTox’, by deploying the concept of epistemic communities developed by Haas, as well as the learning modes of epistemic communities as presented and adapted by Dunlop. The overarching goal of PrecisionTox is to advance the safety assessment of chemicals by establishing a new, cost-effective testing paradigm built from evolutionary theory, which entails reduction, replacement, and refinement of mammalian testing (the 3Rs). The study shows that EU-funded projects can provide an excellent platform for building epistemic communities and forging alliances with EU policymakers, especially when novel technologies may be unlocked and socialized. This study also explores the early interaction of policymakers with epistemic communities through different forms of learning to better understand the complexities surrounding these new technologies in order to set an agenda for policy interventions.
Modeling Study on the Impacts of Mineral Dust Photocatalytic Heterogeneous Chemistry on the Sulfur Removal Over East Asia
Authors: Li Xiao , Yu Zechen , Yue Man , Liu Yaman , Huang Kan , Chi Xuguang , Nie Wei , Ding Aijun , Dong Xinyi , Wang Minghuai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDust heterogeneous chemistry substantially influences the atmosphere and has profound impacts on our environment and climate. Gas‐particle partitioning on dust not only modifies species' chemical evolutions but also influences their deposition velocity. However, how does dust heterogeneous chemistry impacts acid deposition remains unexplored. In this research, we integrated dust photocatalytic mechanism into GEOS‐Chem to assess its impact on sulfur removal across various regions and time spans in China. We find the photocatalytic mechanism enhances simulation performances of acid deposition. Observational validation demonstrates significant reductions in modeling bias for sulfur dioxide (SO2) dry deposition and sulfate (SO4) total deposition. Additionally, the improved model captures the declining trend of SO4 deposition over 2006–2020. We further identified two key impacts of photocatalytic chemistry: firstly, our findings indicate it enhances sulfur removal more efficiently in near‐desert areas like North China Plain (NCP) than in downwind areas like Yunnan‐Guizhou‐Chongqing region (YGY). Lifetimes of total sulfur reduced from 3.29 to 2.46 days in NCP, and from 2.46 to 1.95 days in YGY. This discrepancy results from faster conversion of SO2 to dust‐phase SO4 and larger proportions of coarse‐mode particles in NCP, resulting in accelerated SO4 deposition velocity. Secondly, our results indicate that because dust photocatalytic chemistry amplifies removal of sulfur through SO4 formation and deposition, decreased dust emission resulted in enhanced sulfur lifetimes over 2006–2014. Sensitivity experiments further show higher dust concentrations accelerate pollutants' removal. These findings underscore the importance of dust heterogeneous chemistry in influencing sulfur deposition, providing scientific insights for mitigating acid deposition in China.
Disorder-specific neurodynamic features in schizophrenia inferred by neurodynamic embedded contrastive variational autoencoder model
Authors: Ding Chaoyue , Sun Yuqing , Li Kunchi , Xie Sangma , Yan Hao , Li Peng , Yan Jun , Chen Jun , Wang Huiling , Wang Huaning , Chen Yunchun , Yang Yongfeng , Lv Luxian , Zhang Hongxing , Lu Lin , Zhang Dai , Chen Yaojing , Zhang Zhanjun , Jiang Tianzi , Liu Bing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNeurodynamic models that simulate how micro-level alterations propagate upward to impact macroscopic neural circuits and overall brain function may offer valuable insights into the pathological mechanisms of schizophrenia (SCZ). In this study, we integrated a neurodynamic model with the classical Contrastive Variational Autoencoder (CVAE) to extract and evaluate macro-scale SCZ-specific features, including subject-level, region-level parameters, and time-varying states. Firstly, we demonstrated the robust fitting of the model within our multi-site dataset. Subsequently, by employing representational similarity analysis and a deep learning classifier, we confirmed the specificity and disorder-related information capturing ability of SCZ-specific features. Moreover, analysis of the attractor characteristics of the neurodynamic system revealed significant differences in attractor space patterns between SCZ-specific states and shared states. Finally, we utilized Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression to examine the multivariate mapping relationship between SCZ-specific features and symptoms, identifying two sets of correlated modes implicating unique molecular mechanisms: one mode corresponding to negative and general symptoms, and another mode corresponding to positive symptoms. Our results provide valuable insights into disorder-specific neurodynamic features and states associated with SCZ, laying the foundation for understanding the intricate pathophysiology of this disorder.
Metabolic shifts in lipid utilization and reciprocal interactions within the lung metastatic niche of triple-negative breast cancer revealed by spatial multi-omics
Authors: Kan Jung-Yu , Lee Hsiao-Chen , Hou Ming-Feng , Tsai Hung-Pei , Jian Shu-Fang , Chang Chao-Yuan , Tsai Pei-Hsun , Lin Yi-Shiuan , Tsai Ying-Ming , Wu Kuan-Li , Huang Yung-Chi , Hsu Ya-Ling 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) subtype constitutes 15-20% of breast cancer cases and is associated with the poorest clinical outcomes. Distant metastasis, particularly to the lungs, is a major contributor to the high mortality rates in breast cancer patients. Despite this, there has been a lack of comprehensive insights into the heterogeneity of metastatic tumors and their surrounding ecosystem in the lungs. In this study, we utilized spatial RNA sequencing technology to investigate the heterogeneity of lung metastatic tumors and their microenvironment in two spontaneous lung metastatic mouse models. Our findings revealed an increase in metabolic-related genes within the cancer cells, with the hub gene Dlat (Dihydrolipoamide S-Acetyltransferase) showing a significant association with the development of lung metastatic tumors. Upregulation of Dlat led to the reprogramming of fatty acid utilization, markedly enhancing the bioenergetic capacity of cancer cells. This finding was corroborated by the increased dependence on fatty acid utilization in lung metastatic cancer cells, and inhibition of Dlat in breast cancer cells exhibited a reduced oxygen consumption rate. Consequently, inhibition of Dlat resulted in decreased survival capacity of breast cancer by reducing cancer stem cell properties and cell adhesion in the lung in vivo. The three cell components within the lung metastatic niche, including CD163+ macrophages, neutrophils, and endothelial cells, expressed elevated levels of ApoE, leading to the secretion of various protumorigenic molecules that promote cancer cell growth in the lung. These molecules include galectin-1, S100A10, S100A4, and S100A6. Collectively, our findings highlight the lipid metabolism reprogramming of cancer and components of the tumor microenvironment that support lung metastasis of TNBC breast cancer.
Tumor- and host-derived heparanase-2 (Hpa2) attenuates tumorigenicity: role of Hpa2 in macrophage polarization and BRD7 nuclear localization
Authors: Soboh Soaad , Vorontsova Avital , Farhoud Malik , Barash Uri , Naroditsky Inna , Gross-Cohen Miriam , Weissmann Marina , Nishioka Yasuhiko , Woolf Adrian S. , Roberts Neil A. , Shaked Yuval , Ilan Neta , Vlodavsky Israel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Little attention was given to heparanase 2 (Hpa2) over the last two decades, possibly because it lacks a heparan sulfate (HS)-degrading activity typical of heparanase. Emerging results suggest, nonetheless, that Hpa2 plays a role in human pathologies, including cancer progression where it functions as a tumor suppressor. Here, we examined the role of Hpa2 in cervical carcinoma. We report that high levels of Hpa2 correlate with prolonged survival of cervical carcinoma patients. Strong staining intensity of Hpa2 also correlates with low tumor grade. Overexpression of Hpa2 in SiHa cervical carcinoma cells resulted in tumor xenografts that were two-fold smaller than control tumors. Interestingly, even smaller tumor xenografts were developed by SiHa cells overexpressing the Pro140Arg and Asn543Ile Hpa2 missense mutations that were identified in patients diagnosed with urofacial syndrome (UFS). Utilizing the Ras recruitment system, we identified bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7) to interact with Hpa2 and found that both BRD7 and the Hpa2 mutants are translocated to the cell nucleus in tumors developed by the Pro140Arg and Asn543Ile Hpa2 mutants. Utilizing our newly developed conditional Hpa2-KO mice, we further show that Hpa2 plays a critical role in macrophage polarization; in the absence of Hpa2, macrophages are shifted towards pro-tumorigenic, M2 phenotype. Notably, implanting SiHa cervical carcinoma cells together with Hpa2-KO macrophages promoted tumor growth. These results support, and further expand, the notion that Hpa2 functions as a tumor suppressor, co-operating with another tumor suppressor, BRD7.
LOC730101 improves ovarian cancer drug sensitivity by inhibiting autophagy-mediated DNA damage repair via BECN1
Authors: Zhong Yancheng , Shuai Yang , Yang Juan , Zhang Mojian , He Tiantian , Zheng Leliang , Yang Sheng , Peng Shuping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDrug resistance and recurrence are still the bottlenecks in the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer (OC), seriously affecting patients’ prognosis. Therefore, it is an urgent challenge for OC to be overcome towards precision therapy by studying the mechanism of OC drug resistance, finding new drug resistance targets and developing new effective treatment strategies. In this study, we found that lncRNA LOC730101 played an essential role in attenuating drug resistance in OC. LOC730101 was significantly down-regulated in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer tissues, and ectopic overexpression of LOC730101 substantially increased chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, LOC730101 specifically binds to BECN1 and inhibits the formation of autophagosome BECN1/VPS34 by reducing phosphorylation of BECN1, thereby inhibiting autophagy and promoting drug sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells following treatment with cisplatin and PARP inhibitors. Moreover, LOC730101 inhibits the expression and activity of RNF168 via p62, which in turn affects H2A ubiquitination-mediated DNA damage repair and promotes drug sensitivity in ovarian cancer cells. Our findings demonstrated that LOC730101 played an important role in regulating the formation of the autophagic complex and that inhibition of autophagy significantly enhances the drug sensitivity of OC. And LOC730101 may be used as a prognostic marker to predict the sensitivity of OC to platinum and PARP inhibitors.