bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eflapegrastim, a Long-Acting Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor for the Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia: Results of a Phase III Trial
Authors: Schwartzberg Lee S. , Bhat Gajanan , Peguero Julio , Agajanian Richy , Bharadwaj Jayaram S. , Restrepo Alvaro , Hlalah Osama , Mehmi Inderjit , Chawla Shanta , Hasal Steven J. , Yang Zane , Cobb Patrick Wayne 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundEflapegrastim, a novel, long-acting recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), consists of a rhG-CSF analog conjugated to a human IgG4 Fc fragment via a short polyethylene glycol linker. Preclinical and phase I and II pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data showed increased potency for neutrophil counts for eflapegrastim versus pegfilgrastim. This open-label phase III trial compared the efficacy and safety of eflapegrastim with pegfilgrastim for reducing the risk of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.Materials and MethodsPatients with early-stage breast cancer were randomized 1:1 to fixed-dose eflapegrastim 13.2 mg (3.6 mg G-CSF) or standard pegfilgrastim (6 mg G-CSF) following standard docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide chemotherapy for 4 cycles. The primary objective was to demonstrate the noninferiority of eflapegrastim compared with pegfilgrastim in mean duration of severe neutropenia (DSN; grade 4) in cycle 1.ResultsEligible patients were randomized 1:1 to study arms (eflapegrastim, n = 196; pegfilgrastim, n = 210). The incidence of cycle 1 severe neutropenia was 16% (n = 31) for eflapegrastim versus 24% (n = 51) for pegfilgrastim, reducing the relative risk by 35% (p = .034). The difference in mean cycle 1 DSN (−0.148 day) met the primary endpoint of noninferiority (p &lt; .0001) and also showed statistical superiority for eflapegrastim (p = .013). Noninferiority was maintained for the duration of treatment (all cycles, p &lt; .0001), and secondary efficacy endpoints and safety results were also comparable for study arms.ConclusionThese results demonstrate noninferiority and comparable safety for eflapegrastim at a lower G-CSF dose versus pegfilgrastim. The potential for increased potency of eflapegrastim to deliver improved clinical benefit warrants further clinical study in patients at higher risk for CIN.Implications for PracticeChemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) remains a significant clinical dilemma for oncology patients who are striving to complete their prescribed chemotherapy regimen. In a randomized, phase III trial comparing eflapegrastim to pegfilgrastim in the prevention of CIN, the efficacy of eflapegrastim was noninferior to pegfilgrastim and had comparable safety. Nevertheless, the risk of CIN remains a great concern for patients undergoing chemotherapy, as the condition frequently results in chemotherapy delays, dose reductions, and treatment discontinuations.
Asignación de biomasa y carbohidratos en semillas y plántulas de Phaseolus coccineus L. domesticado y silvestre
Authors: Vargas-Vázquez Ma. Luisa Patricia , Uscanga-Mortera Ebandro , Padilla-Chacón Daniel , Vibrans Heike , Kohashi-Shibata Josué , Miranda-Colín Salvador , Yáñez-Jiménez Petra 
Published: June 2020

Antecedentes . La supervivencia de plantas depende de la germinación y la asignación de sustancias de reserva de la semilla a la plántula.
Preguntas y/o hipótesis: ¿La asignación de biomasa y concentración de sustancias de reserva en semillas y plántulas; enzimas y número de amiloplastos en cotiledones de Phaseolus coccineus se ha modificado por la domesticación?
Sitio y fechas de estudio. Los experimentos se efectuaron en cuarto oscuro y laboratorio del Posgrado en Botánica, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados en 2017 y 2018.
Métodos. Se determinaron la biomasa por método convencional y concentración de almidón, glucosa, fructosa y sacarosa por hidrólisis enzimática en embrión y plántulas de ayocote silvestres y domesticados. En cotiledones de semillas en germinación se cuantificaron los amiloplastos y se detectaron enzimas por medio de un gel nativo discontinuo de acrilamida con amilopectina de papa en una cámara de electroforesis.
Resultados. Las semillas y plántulas silvestres tuvieron menos biomasa en embrión (91 %), raíz (93 %) y vástago (87 %); pero mayor concentración (µmol g-1) de almidón (53, 83 y 65 %, embrión, raíz y vástago, respectivamente), glucosa (74, 73 y 3 %), fructosa (94, 93 y 29 %) y sacarosa (84, 88 y 30 %) que las domesticadas. Se observaron endoamilasas, enzimas desramificadoras y ?-amilasas. Los domesticados tuvieron menos amiloplastos que los silvestres.
Conclusiones. El metabolismo de la biomasa, sustancias de reserva, las enzimas y el número de amiloplastos en los cotiledones y plántulas indicaron patrones diferentes en las vías metabólicas resultado de la domesticación.
Upaya Meningkatkan Pemahaman Bermain Bolavoli melalui Model Role Playing
Authors: Noerfalah Dini , Lubay Lukmannul Haqim , Budiman Didin 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this research is to investigate how role playing method can improve student understanding in volleyball games activities. This research use class action research. The research used in two cycle, every cycle have research action that done twice. The subject of this research is 30 students of level 5 class from one elementary school in Bandung. (12 boys, 18 girls). Role playing models combine with GPAI instrument. Data is analyzed using percentage technic and associated with games performance. This research showed that role playing models can improve student understanding in volleyball games. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model role playing dapat meningkatkan pemahaman bermain siswa dalam bermain bolavoli. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua siklus, setiap siklus dilaksanakan sebanyak dua kali tindakan penelitian. Subjek penelitian adalah kelas V disalah satu sekolah dasar di Kota Bandung sebanyak 30 siswa (laki-laki: 12; perempuan: 18). Model role playing dikombinasikan dengan instrument Game Performance Analisis Instrumen. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik persentase dan dikaitkan dengan keterampilan bermain. Hasil penelitian menunjukan model pembelajaran role playing dapat meningkatkan pemahaman bermain bolavoli.
Penerapan Pendekatan Taktis untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Bermain dan Physical Activity Enjoyment pada Pembelajaran Permainan Bola Tangan
Authors: Fransiska Serla , Slamet Suherman , Budiana Dian 
Published: June 2020

Learning Conditions Physical education in elementary schools which are still oriented towards mastering technical skills, makes students limited to explore, so that students' interest in Physical Education learning decreases. The purpose of this study is to improve playing skills and physical activity enjoyment (PAE) through tactical approaches in learning handball games. The method used is classroom action research (CAR), using the GPAI (Games Performance Assessment Instrument) instrument and the Enjoyment scale (questionnaire). This research was conducted at a school in the city of Bandung. The results of this study can be concluded that through the tactical approach, playing skills and physical activity enjoyment in learning handball games can be improved. AbstrakKondisi Pembelajaran Pendidikan jasmani di sekolah dasar yang masih berorientasi pada penguasaan keterampilan teknis, membuat siswa terbatasi untuk bereksplorasi, sehingga minat siswa dalam pembelajaran Penjas menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan keterampilan bermain dan physical activity enjoyment (PAE) melalui pendekatan taktis dalam pembelajaran permainan bola tangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK), dengan menggunakan instrumen GPAI (Games Performance Assesment Instrument) dan skala Enjoyment (kuisioner). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di salah satu sekolah di Kota Bandung. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui pendekatan taktis, keterampilan bermain dan physical activity enjoyment pada pembelajaran permainan bola tangan dapat meningkat.
Pengaruh Media Tanam Dan Jumlah Ruas Terhadap Pertumbuhan Setek Tanaman Lada (Piper nigrum L.)
Authors: Khadafi M , Hereri Agam Ihsan , Hayati Erita 
Published: June 2020

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh media tanam dan jumlah ruas serta interaksi keduanya terhadap pertumbuhan setek tanaman lada. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di halaman asrama mahasiswa Langsa Banda Aceh dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh yang berlangsung sejak Juli hingga Oktober 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pola faktorial 4 x 3 terdapat 2 faktor yaitu media tanam dan jumlah ruas. Media tanam dengan 4 taraf perlakuan yaitu tanah, tanah + bokashi, tanah + pupuk kandang, dan tanah + bokashi + pupuk kandang dan jumlah ruas dengan 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu beruas 1, 2 dan 3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media tanam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tunas, diameter tunas, dan jumlah daun. Perlakuan media tanam terbaik ditemukan pada media tanah + pupuk kandang. Perlakuan jumlah ruas berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tunas dan jumlah daun namun tidak berpengaruh nyata pada diameter tunas. Jumlah ruas terbaik ditemukan pada ruas 1 dan 2. Terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan media tanam dan jumlah ruas terhadap pertumbuhan setek tanaman lada yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tunas, diameter tunas, dan jumlah daun. Kombinasi terbaik dijumpai pada interaksi antara media tanam tanah + pupuk kandang dan jumlah ruas 1 dan 2. Effect of Planting Media and Number of Segments on Growth of Cuttings of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.)Abstract. This study aims to determine the effect of the planting media and the number of segments and their interactions on the growth of pepper cuttings. This research was held in the yard of Langsa student dormitory in Banda Aceh and the Plant Physiology Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh on July to September 2019. This research used a factorial randomized block design with 2 treatments, there are planting media and the number of segments. Planting media with 4 kinds of treatment there are soil, soil + bokashi, soil + manure, and soil + bokashi + manure and the number of segments with 3 kinds of treatment there are segment 1, segment 2 and segment 3. The results of the research showed that the planting media had a significant effect on height buds, buds diameter, and number of leaves. The best growing media founded in soil + manure media. Meanwhile the number of segments significantly affected on height buds and number of leaves, but did not significantly affect on buds diameter. The best number of segments founded on sections 1 and 2. There was an interaction between the planting media and the number of segments on the growth of pepper cuttings that significantly affected on height buds, buds diameter, and number of leaves. The best interaction founded in the interaction between soil + manure planting media and the number of sections 1 and 2.
Uji Organoleptik Buah Tin pada Perlakuan Suhu Rendah
Authors: Lestari Tita Nadya , Rahmawati Marai , Hayati Rita 
Published: June 2020

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu rendah dan lama penyimpanan serta interaksi keduanya terhadap mutu buah tin. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh yang berlangsung sejak Juni hingga September 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Terpisah (Split Plot Design) pola faktorial dengan 2 perlakuan yaitu suhu rendah dan lama penyimpanan. Suhu rendah dengan 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu 5ºC, 10ºC dan 15ºC dan lama penyimpanan dengan 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu 3, 6 dan 9 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu rendah berpengaruh terhadap uji organoleptik pada penampilan keseluruhan dan aroma. Lama penyimpanan berpengaruh terhadap uji organoleptik pada aroma, rasa serta tekstur. Terdapat interaksi antara suhu rendah dengan lama penyimpanan, perlakuan terbaik dijumpai pada kombinasi antara suhu 15ºC dan penyimpanan selama 3 hari.Organoleptic Test of Fig at Low Temperature Treatment Abstract. This research aims to determine the effect of low temperature and storage duration, as well as their interaction on low temperature and long storage of quality of figs. This research was conducted at the Horticultural Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, from June to September 2019. This research used a split plot design with two treatments, low temperature and storage duration. Low temperature with 3 levels of treatment that is 5ºC, 10ºC and 15ºC and storage duration with 3 levels of treatment that is 3, 6 and 9 days. The results showed that low temperature affected on organoleptic test on overall appearance and scent. Storage duration affected on organoleptic test on scent, taste and texture. There was an interaction between low temperature and storage duration, the best treatment was found in a combination of a temperature of 15ºC and storage for 3 days.
Exploring Australian pharmacists’ perceptions and attitudes toward codeine up-scheduling from over-the-counter to prescription only
Authors: McKenzie Melanie , Johnson Jacinta , Anderson Karen , Summers Richard , Wood Pene 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Explore the perceptions, attitudes and experiences of pharmacists relating to the up-scheduling of low dose codeine containing analgesics and the impact on pharmacy practice.
Methods: A mixed design method was used consisting of an anonymous online questionnaire survey to quantitatively capture broad pre-scheduling change perceptions paired with a series of in-depth post-scheduling semi-structured interviews to provide a qualitative picture of the impact of codeine up-scheduling on pharmacy practice in Australia.
Results: A total of 191 pharmacists completed the quantitative survey and 10 participated in the in-depth interview. The majority of respondents supported the decision to up-schedule over-the-counter combination products containing codeine to some degree. Three main themes emerged from the data: pharmacists’ perceptions of the codeine up-scheduling decision, preparing for the up-schedule and impact of the up-schedule on pharmacy practice. Pharmacists were concerned about the impact of up-scheduling on the pharmacy business, patient access to pain relief and the diminishment of their professional role.
Conclusions: There were diverse perceptions, preparedness and impact on practice regarding the up-scheduling of low dose codeine products. Further research should be conducted to gauge if and how these perceptions have changed over time and to identify whether pain is being managed more effectively post codeine up-scheduling.
CRITICAL OF THOUGHT MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR (A REFLECTION)
Authors: Aisah Siti 
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to examine the thoughts of Muhammad Syahrur which is sourced from his book al-Kitab wa al-Qur'an: Qira’ah Mu'ashirah. Then compared also with the thought of Thahir al-Syawwaf which originates from his book entitled Qira’ah Mu'ashirah Syahrur, which has the title Tahafut al-Qira’ah al-Mu’ashirah. The method used is the study of literature on books from both thinkers.
The results showed that the Methodology used by Syahrur in understanding God, nature, and humans is a philosophy with a focus on the philosophy of materialism. Then in understanding the characteristics and power of Islamic law, it must be stated two characteristics of hanafiyyah and istiqomah. These two properties are very contradictory but complementary. These two characteristics then gave birth to the limit theory. With this limut theory, Islamic law will have a dynamic movement in the midst of turmoil and the development of modern reality. Furthermore, what is stated by Syahrur, according to Syawwaf, is inseparable from the method of thinking that uses the philosophy of Marxism. Where social reality is used as a foothold in establishing law, does not make the Qur'an as a source of law.
Prevalence of Quinolones Resistance Proteins Encoding Genes (qnr genes) and Co-Resistance with β-lactams among Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Iraqi Patients
Authors: Mustafa et al. Mustafa 
Published: June 2020

This study investigated the prevalence of quinolones resistance proteins encoding genes (qnr genes) and co-resistance for fluoroquinolones and β-lactams among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Out of 150 clinical samples, 50 isolates of K. pneumoniae were identified according to morphological and biochemical properties. These isolates were collected from different clinical samples, including 15 (30%) urine, 12 (24%) blood, 9 (18%) sputum, 9 (18%) wound, and 5 (10%) burn. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay revealed that 15 (30%) of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin (≥4µg/ml), 11 (22%) of isolates were resistant to levofloxacin (≥8 µg/ml), 21 (42%) of isolates were resistant to ertapenem (≥8 µg/ml), 18 (36%) of isolates were resistant to imipenem (4- ≥16µg/ml), 43 (86%) of isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone (4- ≥64 µg/ml), 42 (84%) of isolates were resistant to ceftazidime (16-64 µg/ml), and 40 (80%) of isolates were resistant to cefepime (4- ≥16µg/ml). The results revealed that all fluoroquinolone resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant for β-lactams that used in this study. Genotypic detection of qnr genes revealed that qnrS and qnrB were found in 38 (76%) and 18 (36%) of K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. On the other hand, qnrA, qnrC, and qnrD were not found among K. pneumoniae isolates. DNA sequencing of qnrB gene revealed that the presence of silent and missense mutations that may have led to increase the resistance values of MICs for ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. These variants were registered in NCBI at the accession numbers LC373260 and LC381730. The phylogenetic tree of qnrB variants showed a significant deviation of these variants from K. pneumoniae species. The spread of qnr genes among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae and high association observed between resistance to fluoroquinolones and β-lactams have led to a major threat to public health through development of MDR K. pneumoniae.
Seroprevalence and some Demographic Factors Associated with Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Male Population in Duhok Province/Iraq
Authors: Eassa et al. Souzan 
Published: June 2020

The present study aims to investigate the seroprevalence rate of Toxoplasma gondii infection and its relation to some demographic factors among males in Duhok province/Iraq. A total of 424 random blood samples were collected from the male population of different ages (18-60) years and different social-economic classes. Out of 424 samples examined, 108 (25.47%) were seropositive to the anti- T. gondii antibodies; 88 (20.75%) were found seropositive for IgG, while 20 (4.72%) samples were seropositive for IgM. Regarding occupation, the highest percentage for chronic toxoplasmosis was reported in workers followed by policemen and pensioners at rates of 23.96%, 23.6%, and 23.07%, respectively. The age group 18-30 years showed the highest seropositive rate which was 26.6%; the seropositivity rate decreased with the increase of age. Regarding the blood groups, the highest percentage of IgG was reported in both O+ and B- groups, which were 23.2% and 23.1%, respectively. The higher rate of seropositivity was observed among married males (21.32%) as compared to unmarried males (19.05%) and fertile (22.3%) versus sterile males (12.5%). Concerning IgM antibodies, the highest seropositivity (9.4%) was reported in infertile males. The results of this study showed the importance of demographic factors to the epidemiology of T. gondii in males, which support the role of public health in the control of infectious diseases.
Characterization and Biological Activity of Some New Derivatives Derived from Sulfamethoxazole Compound
Authors: Alsahib Sanaa abdul 
Published: June 2020

A new series of Sulfamethoxazole derivatives was prepared and examined for antifibrinolytic and antimicrobial activities. Sulfamethoxazole derivatives bear heterocyclic moieties such as 1,3,4-thiadiazine {3}, pyrazolidine-3,5-diol {4} 6-hydroxy-1,3,4-thiadiazinane-2-thione {5} and [(3-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)diazenyl] {8}. Their structures were elucidated by spectral methods (FT-IR, H1-NMR). Physical properties are also determined for all compound derivatives. Recently prepared compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activity in the laboratory. Each screened compound showed good tendency to moderate antimicrobial activity.
The Jacobson Radical of the Endomorphism Semiring of P.Q.- Principal Injective Semimodules
Authors: Aljebory et al. Khitam 
Published: June 2020

In this work, we introduced the Jacobson radical (shortly Rad (Ș)) of the endomorphism semiring Ș = ( ), provided that is principal P.Q.- injective semimodule and some related concepts, we studied some properties and added conditions that we needed. The most prominent result is obtained in section three
-If is a principal self-generator semimodule, then (ȘȘ) = W(Ș).
Subject Classification: 16y60
On the Growth of Solutions of Second Order Linear Complex Differential Equations whose Coefficients Satisfy Certain Conditions
Authors: Alkhalidy Ayad , Hussein Eman 
Published: June 2020

In this paper, we study the growth of solutions of the second order linear complex differential equations insuring that any nontrivial solutions are of infinite order. It is assumed that the coefficients satisfy the extremal condition for Yang’s inequality and the extremal condition for Denjoy’s conjecture. The other condition is that one of the coefficients itself is a solution of the differential equation .
Comparison of Various Particle-Size Distribution-Measurement Methods
Authors: Roostaei Morteza , Hosseini Seyed Abolhassan , Soroush Mohammad , Velayati Arian , Alkouh Ahmad , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Ghalambor Ali , Fattahpour Vahidoddin 
Published: June 2020

SummarySieve analysis, sedimentation, and laser diffraction (LD) have been the methods of choice in determining particle-size distribution (PSD) for sand control design. However, these methods do not provide any information regarding the particle shape. In this study, we introduce the application of dynamic image analysis (DIA) to characterize particle sizes and shape descriptors of sand-bearing formations.DIA, which is an advanced method of particle size and shape characterization, along with other PSD measurement methods, including sieving, sedimentation, and LD, were used to study size and shape variations of 372 unconsolidated formation sand samples from North America, Latin America, and the Middle East. Different methods were compared in the estimation of PSD and fines content, which are the primary factors important in sand-control design.Through minimizing the sampling and measurement errors, the deviation between different PSD measurement techniques was attributed solely to the shape of the particles and the amount of fine fraction. For fines-content measurement, the values obtained through Feret min parameter values (the minimum size of a particle along all directions) calculated by DIA and sieving measurement are comparable within a 5% confidence band. The deviation between the results of different methods becomes more significant by increasing fines content. Moreover, this deviation increases for less isodiametric grains. The fines and clay content show higher values when measured by any wet analysis. LD also tends to overestimate the fines fraction and underestimate silt/sand fraction compared with other dry techniques. By comparing the deviation of the DIA and sieving at standard mesh sizes, an algorithm has been developed that chooses the equivalent sphere sizes of DIA with minimum deviation from sieving.This study performs several measurements on formation sands to illustrate the real advantage of the new methods over traditional measurement techniques. Furthermore, particle-shape descriptors were used to explain the deviation between the results of different PSD measurement methods.