bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Favoritism or equality: difference analysis of users' utilization of academic social networks for top research corporations
Authors: Yan Weiwei , Liu Qian , Chen Ruoyu , Zhang Min 
Published: November 2020

PurposeAs an important platform for academic communication and knowledge acquisition, academic social network (ASN) has attracted worldwide researchers. The purpose of this paper is to examine and compare the differences of corporation researchers in ASN utilization from the two aspects of social performance and academic performance.Design/methodology/approachApplying knowledge-based theory, this paper decoupled ASN into social network and academic network and measured utilization of users by social performance and academic performance. Hypotheses were proposed from the perspectives of research areas and corporate reputation. In the part of empirical research, the top 92 research corporations were selected as the sample, and relevant metric data from the member profile pages on ResearchGate was collected for comparing analysis to explore their utilization characteristics.FindingsThe results show that users of different research corporations have certain favoritism in their utilization of ASNs. Science and technology-oriented corporations are better in comprehensive social performance and academic quality. Science-oriented corporations are better at utilizing the interactive functions. However, neither social utilization nor academic utilization, technology-oriented corporations perform well.Originality/valueThis paper focuses on corporation researchers, who have started to embrace ASNs but whose behaviors were less studied. The research paradigm is an expansion and enrichment of the dual network decoupling theory in the field of ASN research. It also deepens the research on ASN utilization of corporation researchers and could give references for ASNs to improve service for corporation users in different research areas.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-12-2019-0389
Usability effectiveness of a federated search system for electronic theses and dissertations in Nigerian institutional repositories
Authors: Salau Sadiat Adetoro , Abifarin F.P. , Alhassan J.A. , Udoudoh S.J. 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the usability effectiveness of a webware for electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) in Nigerian repositories. The webware (etdsearch.com.ng) is a web application system that curates ETDs from three sampled Federal government-owned universities. The system also links users to the repositories where the theses and dissertations are hosted.Design/methodology/approachThe case study research strategy was adopted for the study. Sixty postgraduate students from three universities were randomly selected. A usability evaluation questionnaire based on the ISO 9241-11 framework was used to collect data after performing pre-defined queries/tasks based on the informational and transactional query models. The research questions were analysed using the median of the performance score (fx) of the three universities for each item evaluated, while the Kruskall–Wallis test by ranks was used to test the null hypothesis at a 5% level of significance.FindingsThe study answered two research questions and tested two null hypotheses on the usability effectiveness of the webware based on the informational and transactional queries. The participants found the ETD search system effectively useable. In addition, there was no significant difference in the opinions of the participants.Research limitations/implicationsThe webware used simulated repositories as a feed bed for the ETDs in order to have control over the workability of the repositories. Thus, the results may differ slightly when “live” repositories are used.Practical implicationsThe effectiveness of a webware that aggregates ETDs in Nigerian repositories will present libraries in Nigeria with evidence on how these systems work and can be improved upon.Originality/valueThere is a dearth of literature on practical usability studies of digital information systems in Nigerian libraries.
UV curable flame retardant coating: a novel synthetic approach of trispiperazido phosphate based reactive diluent
Authors: Mali Pundalik Pandharinath , Pawar Nilesh S. , Sonawane Narendra S. , Patil Vikas , Patil Rahul 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this work was to develop a new trispiperazido phosphate-based reactive diluent (diphosphate-piperazine hydroxyl acrylate [DPHA]) and used as a flame retardant with an epoxy acrylate (EA) in ultraviolet (UV)-curable wood coating.

Design/methodology/approach
The concentration of reactive diluent was varied from 0% to 20% in the UV-curable formulation with constant photoinitiator concentration. The effect of DPHA concentration on film properties was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, gel content, water absorption and limiting oxygen index.

Findings
The results showed that the viscosity of the prepared formulation decreased by increasing reactive diluent (DPHA) concentration which leads to improving the coating efficiency. A high concentration of reactive diluent (DPHA) of the cured films shows good resistance against stain, mechanical and thermal properties, which results in an increased glass transition temperature (Tg) and cross-linking density of the films.

Originality/value
The new trispiperazido phosphate-based reactive diluent was used in wood coating formulation, which resulted in excellent flame-retardant properties with higher cross-linked density with good stain resistance. This material can provide a wide range of application for coating industries to produce a glossy finish.
Effect of steam autoclaving on laser sintered polyamide 12
Authors: Wingham James Robert , Omran Maha , Shepherd Joanna , Majewski Candice 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
The use of laser sintering (LS) in the medical sector has increased dramatically in recent years. With the move towards direct use of these parts in clinical applications, there is a greater need to understand the effects of standard processes on the part properties. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect that steam sterilisation has on the mechanical properties of LS polyamide 12 parts.

Design/methodology/approach
The research presented here focusses on the effect of a single steam sterilisation cycle on the mechanical properties of polyamide 12 parts manufactured using LS. The influence of water content on the properties was investigated, with additional drying steps trialled to establish the potential to reverse any changes observed and to determine their root cause.

Findings
The results show that steam sterilisation has a significant effect on the mechanical properties of LS polyamide 12 parts, with a 39% reduction in elastic modulus, a 13% decrease in ultimate tensile strength and a 64% increase in the elongation at break. These properties were also all found to correlate with the water content, suggesting that this was the cause of the difference. The original properties of the parts were able to be recovered after oven drying.

Practical implications
These results show that with an additional drying step, LS polyamide 12 parts can be steam sterilised with no effect on the mechanical properties.

Originality/value
This is believed to be the first investigation into the effects of steam sterilisation in isolation on LS polyamide 12 parts, the first instance of drying parts to recover mechanical properties and the first instance of multiple water content measurements being directly linked to the mechanical properties.
Disentangling the roles of bottom‐up and top‐down drivers in the trade‐off between food acquisition and safety in prey with multiple predators
Authors: Pays Olivier , Blanchard Pierrick , Chamaillé‐Jammes Simon , Valeix Marion , Loveridge Andrew J. , Macdonald David W. , Périquet Stéphanie , van der Meer Esther , Duncan Patrick , Mtare Godfrey , Fritz Hervé 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Prey face a trade‐off between acquiring food and avoiding predation, but food availability, and therefore its effect, is rarely measured in field studies investigating non‐lethal effects of predation. The main aim of this study was to investigate the role of the presence of predators in the functional adjustments of feeding parameters with patch quality in a medium‐sized herbivore.

In Hwange National Park (Zimbabwe), we set up an experiment by manipulating, over two years, patch quality for impala Aepyceros melampus, a medium‐sized herbivore. We assess predation risk by monitoring the presence of three GPS‐equipped predators: African lions Panthera leo, spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta and African wild dogs Lycaon pictus.

In enriched, fertilised plots the impalas reduced step rates (i.e. the rates of change in feeding stations), and increased their number of bites per feeding station while bite rates were not affected. Thus, the main adjustment of their feeding was the step rate. The total time the impalas spent vigilant appeared to be a good predictor of the variation of their bite rate. Although vigilance caused a reduction in bite rate when at a feeding station, the impalas reduced the relative costs of vigilance by continuing chewing and processing their food when scanning for predators.

When predators were in the vicinity, the impalas increased their exclusive vigilance (high‐cost vigilance) but not their vigilance while chewing (low‐cost vigilance) and decreased their bite rate while their step rate and the number of bites per feeding station did not change significantly. The impalas were thus visually disconnected from their patch, and reduced their bite rate when actually foraging. Exclusive vigilance increased when both lions and hyaenas were in the vicinity, and when wild dogs were nearby.

Patterns of vigilance that altered bite rate were linked to the presence of predators during the previous 24 hr. Over the long term patch quality was the main determinant of the feeding parameters (step rate and bite rate). This study shows how predators, by affecting the time prey devote to predator detection, shape the functional adjustments of food acquisition by prey to local patch quality.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Dopamine receptor D2 inhibition alleviates diabetic hepatic stellate cells fibrosis by regulating the TGF‐β1/Smads and NFκB pathways
Authors: Zhao Bingbing , Li Siwei , Guo Zuoming , Chen Zhe , Zhang Xinying , Xu Changqing , Chen Junting , Wei Can 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDiabetic hepatic fibrosis (DHF) is a progressive liver disease and a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. The main cause of DHF is the activation of quiescent hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by high glucose stimulation. Dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2)‐mediated dopamine signalling can be involved in the regulation of diabetic liver disease, but the exact role of DRD2 in DHF is still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of DRD2 inhibition on diabetic liver fibrosis and the potential mechanism. We established both streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced type 1 diabetes (T1D, fed for 20 weeks) rat model and high glucose (HG, 40 mmol/L)‐stimulated HSCs model. The results from both the rats with STZ and the HSCs treated with HG showed increased expression of DRD2, NOX‐5, inflammation‐related proteins (IL‐6 and TNFα) and fibrosis‐related proteins (TGF‐β1, CO‐Ⅰ/Ⅲ/ IV, MMP‐2/9 and fibronectin). In vivo, the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC) levels were significantly increased, and hematoxylin‐eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining, and electron microscopy revealed liver lesions and hepatocyte injury. In addition, HG‐treated HSCs exhibited altered oxidative stress ‐ related indexes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), changed and abnormally proliferated in vitro. TGF‐β1, the phosphorylated Smad2, nuclear NFκB‐p65, phosphorylated NFκB‐p65 and phosphorylated IκBα were also increased. Interestingly, haloperidol (DRD2 inhibitor) and n‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC, an active oxygen scavenger) reduced the above‐mentioned changes. In conclusion, DRD2 inhibition can reduce diabetic HSCs oxidative damage and fibrotic proliferation partly via the TGF‐β1/Smads and NFκB pathways.
Textural Insights on Significance of Ophiolitic Chromitites, with Special Reference to Oman
Authors: NICOLAS Adolphe , BOUDIER Françoise 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBased on the textural and crystallographic study of four chromitite sites in the Oman ophiolite, we show that chromite crystallized in situ at Moho transition zone, where exposed as podiform chromitite deposits.Crystallization operated either by crystal fractionation in a mini‐magma chamber (Tuf dyke), or more commonly by melt‐rock reaction of a hydrated Cr‐rich melt and enclosing dunite. Oxidizing conditions at Moho level triggered the crystallization of chromite at the expense of the corroded olivine network. High‐temperature mantle flow (1100–1200 °C), recorded in the joined reacting olivine aggregates, constrains the timing of chromitite formation.Models of genesis of chromitite deposits must account for a hydrous component initiating partial melting of refractory peridotite, and the revealed occurrence of ultra‐high‐pressure cratonic phases included in some chromite crystals of some ophiolitic chromitites.
Metallogeny of Serpentinite‐hosted Magnetite Deposits: Hydrothermal Overgrowth on Chromite or Metamorphic Transformation of Chromite?
Authors: ESLAMI Alireza , KANANIAN Ali , GRIECO Giovanni , GATTA G. Diego , ROTIROTI Nicola 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPeculiar and rare occurrences of serpentinite‐hosted magnetite deposits with mineable sizes are found in the Mesozoic ophiolites of Greece (Skyros), Iran (Nain and Sabzevar) and Oman (Aniba). These deposits have diverse thickness (from a few centimeters up to 50 m) and length (2 to >500 m). Magnetite ores show variable textures, including massive, nodular and banded ores, veins, net and fine‐grained disseminations in serpentinites. Intriguingly, the investigated magnetite deposits can be mistaken for chromitite pods. Serpentinite‐hosted magnetite deposits show three modes of occurrences including: (i) boulders strewn across the serpentinites (i.e. Skyros Island); (ii) ore bodies along the nonconformity contacts between serpentinites and limestones (i.e. Aniba); (iii) irregular and discontinuous trails of massive and semi‐massive ore bodies within highly sheared serpentinite masses (i.e. Nain; Sabzevar). In all of these magnetite ore bodies, relicts of chromian spinel grains are occasionally enclosed in magnetite crystals. The chemistry of Cr‐spinel relics found in these magnetite bodies are comparable to those of accessory Cr‐spinels in the surrounding serpentinized peridotites. BSE images and elemental mapping revealed that magnetite occurs as a nucleation on chromian spinels but not being involved in reaction either with chromite or ferritchromite. Low‐grade metamorphic transformation of chromite into Fe‐chromite is documented along the cracks and fractures of a few chromite grains. Generally, magnetite has typical hydrothermal compositions, characterized by low Cr, V and Ti and high Mg and Mn. It is crucial to note that a few magnetite grains with metamorphic origin are characterized by high Cr and low Ti and Ni. The potential source of iron is essentially the Fe‐rich olivine. We believe that multi‐episodic serpentinization of peridotite systems at high fluid‐rock ratios is the main process responsible for precipitation of magnetite at ore levels whereas low‐grade metamorphic transformation of chromite to magnetite has minor contribution. Cumulative factors in generation of these deposits are modal volume of mantle olivine, peridotite composition, fluid chemistry, fluid‐rock ratio, mechanisms of transportation and precipitation, structural controls such as cracks and shear zones.
Early Paleozoic Ocean in the North Qaidam: Constraints from Kaipinggou Ophiolite
Authors: CHEN Danling , ZHU Xiaohui , REN Yunfei , TUO Yu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe North Qaidam orogenic belt (NQOB) lies at the northeast margin of Tibet Plateau, between the Qilian massif to the north and Qaidam massif to the south. It consists of predominantly gneisses and marbles with minor eclogite and garnet peridotite, and is known as an Early Paleozoic continental deep subduction ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt in northwest China. Recently some studies suggest that the NQOB experienced oceanic deep subduction prior to the continental deep subduction. However, the records of ocean events are rarely preserved because of the complex multi‐stage transformation. Therefore, whether the Early Paleozoic ocean exists and the formation, nature and evolution of the Early Paleozoic ocean in North Qaidam are still in controversies.In this contribution, we report a new discovered SSZ‐type ophiolite suite in Kaipinggou area, the western segment of the NQOB. The ophiolite is mainly composed of peridotite, gabbro, basalt, boninite, andesitic porphyrite and plagiogranite. In which, the basalt and homogeneous gabbro are both enriched in LILE and depleted in HFSE, and display flat or LREE‐depleted REE patterns, similar to the MORB‐like geochemical characteristics of fore‐arc basalts; the boninite exhibits characteristics of fore‐arc boninites with high Si and Mg, but low Ti and Ca contents; the andesitic porphyrite is enriched in LILE but depleted in HFSE, similar to island arc magmatic rocks. Rock assemblage and their geochemical characteristics suggest that this SSZ‐type ophiolite was formed in fore‐arc setting of intra‐oceanic arc. The plagiogranite is a low‐potassium tholeiite metaluminous granite with low trace elements contents, slight enrichment of LREE, depletion of HREE and positive Eu anomaly; combining with ∊Hf (t) values (13.8–17.1) of zircons, the plagiogranite could be originated from partial melting of gabbros. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating yielded the crystallization ages of 535±2 Ma, 513±3 Ma and 510±3 Ma for two cumulate gabbros and one homogeneous gabbro, respectively, and a formation age of 492±8 Ma for the plagiogranite.All these data suggest the existence of an Early Paleozoic ocean in the North Qaidam, and the initial subduction of the oceanic slab occurred earlier than 535Ma.
Rock Assemblages and Formation Ages of the Baishuijiang Group in the Southwest Qinling Orogenic Belt, Northwest China
Authors: WANG Tao , WANG Zongqi , WANG Dongsheng , WANG Mingqian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Baishuijiang Group, located in the southwest Qinling orogenic belt, is divided into three belts according to the characteristic of the matrix and rock blocks based on the large scale geological mapping. The north belt and south belt are composed of abyssal mudstone and siltstone, and limestone, chert and basic and ultrabasic rock blocks. The middle belt consists of a few limestone blocks and turbidites, which were formed in the trench environment. At present, in the Baishuijiang Group, many fossils were found in matrix and rock blocks, the fossils contain the Cambrian small shell fossils (Xiao, 1992; Tao et al., 1992), Silurian chitinozoas, scolecodonts and spores, and Ordovician graptolites, and middle Devonian Coral and conodonts in limestone and chert blocks (Wang et al., 2011a), and Permian radiolarians in the matrix (Wang et al., 2007). The volcanic rock blocks have undergone different degree of metamorphism. Their geochemical characteristics indicate that the rocks are similar to oceanic island arc and seamount (Wang et al., 2009), and SHRIMP U‐Pb dating yielded ages from Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic (Yan et al., 2007; Wang et al., 2009, 2011b). Therefore, comprehensive analysis of regional data, the Baishuijiang group is an accretionary complex which was consisted of matrix and blocks, and was finally formed during Permian‐Triassic.
Origin of the Diamonds within Chromitite from the Mirdita Ophiolite (Albania) and its Geological Significance
Authors: WU Weiwei , YANG Jingsui , ZHENG Jianping , LIAN Dongyang , QIU Tian , RUI Huichao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGeophysical investigations and laboratory experiments show evidence for possible subduction of ancient oceanic crust. Geological and mineralogical observations suggest that subducted oceanic crust is recycled into the upper mantle. The subduction is supported by the recovery of super‐deep diamonds from kimberlites and the presence of crustal materials in ophiolitic chromitites and their host peridotites. What is the mechanism? Here we report the new discovery of ophiolite‐hosted diamonds in the podiform chromitites within the Skenderbeu massif from the Mirdita ophiolite in the western part of Neo‐Tethys (Fig. 1). The diamonds are characterized by exceedingly light C isotopes (δ13CPDB ∼ −25‰), which can be interpreted as evidence for subduction of organic carbon from Earth's surface. The diamonds are also characterized by an exceptionally large range in δ15Nair (−12.9‰ to +25.5‰), accompanied by a low N aggregation state (Fig. 2). On the other hand, materials sparsely included in diamonds include amorphous material, Ni‐Mn‐Co alloy, nanocrystals (20 nm×20 nm) of calcium silicate with an orthorhombic perovskite structure (Ca‐Pv), and fluids (Fig. 3). We consider that the Skenderbeu diamonds nucleated and grew from a C‐saturated, NiMnCo‐rich melt derived from a subducted slab of ocean crust and lithosphere in the deep mantle environment. The environment is in the diamond stability field or near the top of the mantle transition zone. The new discovery of diamonds from the Mirdita ophiolite provides a valuable opportunity to understand deep cycling of subducted oceanic crust and mantle (i.e., composition and process).