bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Immunolocalization and effect of low concentrations of Insulin like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) in the canine ovary”
Authors: Cardilli Diogo J. , Sousa‐Oliveira Kellen , Franchi‐João Carolina , Azevedo‐Voorwald Faviana , Machado‐Silva Marco A. , Oliveira João Ademir , Sánchez‐Calabuig María Jesús , Toniollo Gilson H. , Pérez‐Gutiérrez José F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInsulin like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) plays an important role in the regulation of ovarian function. Despite its extensive study in several species, there is a paucity of information about IGF‐1`s function and localization in the canine ovary. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of IGF‐1 on oocyte nuclear maturation and to immunolocalize the IGF‐1 and its receptor (IGF‐1R) in the ovary. Cumulus‐oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained from 34 bitches. The COCs from each bitch were incubated in TCM 199‐HEPES in the absence (n = 199) or presence (n = 204) of 100 ng/ml IGF‐1 for 96 hr at 38ºC in 5% CO2, stained and evaluated for nuclear maturation by fluorescence microscopy. The results showed that the addition of IGF‐1 did not have an effect (p ˃ 0.05) on the nuclear maturation under these conditions. The immunohistochemical study revealed nuclear and cytoplasmic staining for IGF‐1 and IGF‐1R, respectively. Both were localized in all ovarian structures including the corpus luteum, but not in the granulosa cells from primordial follicles. In addition, IGF‐1 was not localized in the oocytes in tertiary follicles. The results obtained show the presence of IGF‐1 through the stages of follicular growth and in the corpus luteum of the canine ovary. However, its role on oocyte nuclear maturation could not be demonstrated.
Sub-clinical thickening of the fovea in diabetes and its relationship to glycaemic control: a study using swept-source optical coherence tomography
Authors: Aitchison Ross T. , Kennedy Graeme J. , Shu Xinhua , Mansfield David C. , Shahani Uma 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Accumulation of multiple pockets of fluid at the fovea, as a complication of poor blood glucose control in diabetes, causes impairment of central vision. A new ability to demonstrate a pre-clinical phase of this maculopathy could be valuable, enabling diabetic individuals to be alerted to the need to improve their glycaemic control. This study aimed to use swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) to measure foveal thickness and macular volume in diabetic individuals without cystoid macular oedema, and in non-diabetic individuals, and relate these measures to participants’ glycaemic control.

Methods
Centre point thickness (CPT) and total macular volume (TMV) were measured using SS-OCT (DRI OCT Triton™, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). Participants’ glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level was also assessed (A1cNow®+ System, PTS Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA). The diabetic (n = 27) and non-diabetic (n = 27) groups were matched for age (p = 0.100) and sex (p = 0.414), and HbA1c level differed between diabetic and non-diabetic groups (p < 0.0005). The diabetic group comprised type 1 (n = 7) and type 2 (n = 20) diabetic individuals who were matched for duration of diabetes (p = 0.617) and whose glycaemic control was similar (p = 0.814).

Results
Diabetic individuals had significantly higher CPT (t(37) = 3.859, p < 0.0005) than non-diabetic individuals. In the diabetic group, multiple linear regression analysis revealed a conspicuous relationship between CPT and HbA1c level (β = 0.501, t(21) = 3.139, p = 0.005): there was a 19-μm increase in CPT for each 1% increase in HbA1c level. This relationship was not present in the non-diabetic group (β = − 0.068, t(23) = − 0.373, p = 0.712).

Conclusions
SS-OCT is the only way to measure macular thickness in vivo. Diabetic individuals en bloc had higher CPT compared with non-diabetic individuals. Moreover, in the diabetic group, HbA1c level significantly predicted CPT. Our results suggest that, in diabetes, sub-clinical thickening may occur at the fovea before cystoid macular oedema becomes clinically evident. This could provide diabetic individuals with an early warning of disease progression and motivate them to improve control of their diabetes, with a view to avoiding the need of intra-vitreal injections with their attendant risks.
The effect of replacing sand with aggregate from sanitary ceramic waste on the durability of stucco mortars
Authors: Klimek Beata , Szulej Jacek , Ogrodnik Paweł 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
During processing and transport, the ceramic industry generates big amounts of waste. In order to limit the number of landfills and to minimise consequences of such waste that is clearly noxious for the environment, this industry remains under great pressure to find effective recycling methods for its waste and by-products. What is more, given the limited resources of traditional aggregate, energy savings and protection of the environment, the construction industry is seeking for new sources of aggregate. For this reason, ceramic waste is increasingly frequently used as coarse and fine aggregate, both in mortars and in concrete mixtures. The goal of studies presented in the paper was to analyse the impact of recycled ceramic aggregate on the frost and salt spray resistance of stucco mortar used in the construction industry. Mortar recipes also contained admixtures that modify properties of the mixture and of the hardened product, such as copolymer of vinyl acetate and methylcellulose with a hydrophobic admixture. Elementary testing was performed related to mechanical and physical parameters of mortars. Among others tests were carried out of compressive strength and flexural strength, a determination was made of density, open and total porosity, absorbability, resistance to salt spray corrosion and frost resistance after 25 freeze–thaw cycles of samples. Replacement of sand by recycled ceramic aggregate causes a change in physical parameters of mortars. It has a positive impact on strength parameters of mortars with concurrent reduction in absorbability and capillary action. Testing of mortar with the addition of ceramic aggregate has proved better frost resistance and resistance to salt crystallisation as compared to mortar to which sand had been added.

Graphic abstract
Organisational Resource Capacity and ISO 9001 QMS Implementation in the Local Government. Evidence from Poland
Authors: Ćwiklicki Marek , Pawełek Barbara , Pilch Kamila 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to answer the research question regarding the relations between the resources that are related to organisational capacity and the implementation of the ISO 9001 QMS in local governments. In the case of poviats (counties), the significance of the resources under consideration for the implementation of the ISO 9001 QMS has not been confirmed. On the other hand, the significance of the selected indicators appeared in the case of gminas (municipalities), including human resources, skills, money and the complexity of the structure. The differences in the importance of the resources under consideration in the case of dividing gminas into urban, rural and urban-rural (semi-urban) gminas was also observed. Our theory-testing research work weakens the common assumptions about the significance of resource availability, as not all are equally important.
Estimate of Plasma Temperatures Across a CME-Driven Shock from a Comparison Between EUV and Radio Data
Authors: Frassati Federica , Mancuso Salvatore , Bemporad Alessandro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, we analyze the evolution of an EUV wave front associated with a solar eruption that occurred on 30 October 2014, with the aim of investigating, through differential emission measure (DEM) analysis, the physical properties of the plasma compressed and heated by the accompanying shock wave. The EUV wave was observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and was accompanied by the detection of a metric Type II burst observed by ground-based radio spectrographs. The EUV signature of the shock wave was also detected in two of the AIA channels centered at 193 Å and 211 Å as an EUV intensity enhancement propagating ahead of the associated CME. The density compression ratio $X$
X
of the shock as inferred from the analysis of the EUV data is $X \approx 1.23$
X
≈
1.23
, in agreement with independent estimates obtained from the analysis of the Type II band-splitting of the radio data and inferred by adopting the upstream–downstream interpretation. By applying the Rankine–Hugoniot jump conditions under the hypothesis of a perpendicular shock, we also estimate the temperature ratio as $T_{\mathrm{D}}/T_{\mathrm{U}} \approx 1.55$

T
D

/

T
U

≈
1.55
and the post-shock temperature as $T_{\mathrm{D}}\approx 2.75$

T
D

≈
2.75
MK. The modest compression ratio and temperature jump derived from the EUV analysis at the shock passage are typical of weak coronal shocks.
Effects of Antimalarial Drugs on Neuroinflammation-Potential Use for Treatment of COVID-19-Related Neurologic Complications
Authors: Ong Wei-Yi , Go Mei-Lin , Wang De-Yun , Cheah Irwin Kee-Mun , Halliwell Barry 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 virus that is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects not only peripheral organs such as the lungs and blood vessels, but also the central nervous system (CNS)—as seen by effects on smell, taste, seizures, stroke, neuropathological findings and possibly, loss of control of respiration resulting in silent hypoxemia. COVID-19 induces an inflammatory response and, in severe cases, a cytokine storm that can damage the CNS. Antimalarials have unique properties that distinguish them from other anti-inflammatory drugs. (A) They are very lipophilic, which enhances their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Hence, they have the potential to act not only in the periphery but also in the CNS, and could be a useful addition to our limited armamentarium against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (B) They are non-selective inhibitors of phospholipase A2 isoforms, including cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). The latter is not only activated by cytokines but itself generates arachidonic acid, which is metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX) to pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. Free radicals are produced in this process, which can lead to oxidative damage to the CNS. There are at least 4 ways that antimalarials could be useful in combating COVID-19. (1) They inhibit PLA2. (2) They are basic molecules capable of affecting the pH of lysosomes and inhibiting the activity of lysosomal enzymes. (3) They may affect the expression and Fe2+/H+ symporter activity of iron transporters such as divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), hence reducing iron accumulation in tissues and iron-catalysed free radical formation. (4) They could affect viral replication. The latter may be related to their effect on inhibition of PLA2 isoforms. Inhibition of cPLA2 impairs an early step of coronavirus replication in cell culture. In addition, a secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) isoform, PLA2G2D, has been shown to be essential for the lethality of SARS-CoV in mice. It is important to take note of what ongoing clinical trials on chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine can eventually tell us about the use of antimalarials and other anti-inflammatory agents, not only for the treatment of COVID-19, but also for neurovascular disorders such as stroke and vascular dementia.
Enhanced near-zero-CO2-emission chemicals-oriented oil production from coal with inherent CO2 recycling: Part I—PRB coal fast pyrolysis coupled with CO2/CH4 reforming
Authors: Wang Xingjun , Wei Bin , Huang Xin , Fan Maohong , Wang Yonggang , Chen Xueli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, the Powder River Basin (PRB) coal fast pyrolysis was conducted at 700 °C in the atmosphere of syngas produced by CH4–CO2 reforming in two different patterns, including the double reactors pattern (the first reactor is for syngas production and the second is for coal pyrolysis) and double layers pattern (catalyst was at upper layer and coal was at lower layer). Besides, pure gases atmosphere including N2, H2, CO, H2–CO were also tested to investigate the mechanism of the coal pyrolysis under different atmospheres. The pyrolysis products including gas, liquid and char were characterized, the result showed that, compared with the inert atmosphere, the tar yield is improved with the reducing atmospheres, as well as the tar quality. The hydrogen partial pressure is the key point for that improvement. In the atmosphere of H2, the tar yield was increased by 31.3% and the contained BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene) and naphthalene were increased by 27.1% and 133.4%. The double reactors pattern also performed outstandingly, with 25.4% increment of tar yield and 25.0% and 79.4% for the BTX and naphthalene. The double layers pattern is not effective enough due to the low temperature (700 °C) in which the Ni-based catalyst was not fully activated.
MosaicBase: A Knowledgebase of Postzygotic Mosaic Variants in Noncancer Disease-Related and Healthy Human Individuals
Authors: Yang Xiaoxu , Yang Changhong , Zheng Xianing , Xiong Luoxing , Tao Yutian , Wang Meng , Ye Adam Yongxin , Wu Qixi , Dou Yanmei , Luo Junyu , Wei Liping , Huang August Yue 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Mosaic variants resulting from postzygotic mutations are prevalent in the human genome and play important roles in human diseases. However, except for cancer-related variants, there is no collection of postzygotic mosaic variants in noncancer disease-related and healthy individuals. Here, we present MosaicBase, a comprehensive database that includes 6698 mosaic variants related to 266 noncancer diseases and 27,991 mosaic variants identified in 422 healthy individuals. Genomic and phenotypic information of each variant was manually extracted and curated from 383 publications. MosaicBase supports the query of variants with Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) entries, genomic coordinates, gene symbols, or Entrez IDs. We also provide an integrated genome browser for users to easily access mosaic variants and their related annotations for any genomic region. By analyzing the variants collected in MosaicBase, we find that mosaic variants that directly contribute to disease phenotype show features distinct from those of variants in individuals with mild or no phenotypes, in terms of their genomic distribution, mutation signatures, and fraction of mutant cells. MosaicBase will not only assist clinicians in genetic counseling and diagnosis but also provide a useful resource to understand the genomic baseline of postzygotic mutations in the general human population. MosaicBase is publicly available at http://mosaicbase.com/ or http://49.4.21.8:8000.
The role of platelet parameters in thrombosed hemorrhoids
Authors: Sahin Mutlu , Emektar Emine , Kılıç Nedim Arda , Ozturk Dogan , Bulus Hakan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives The most common disease of anus is hemorrhoids. The definition of external hemorrhoids suggests the acute phase, often characterized by thrombosis or edema. External thrombosed hemorrhoid is a specific complication. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of different platelet parameters in the presence of internal or external thrombosed hemorrhoids.
Methods Patients examined were divided into two groups: Group 1: Thrombosed hemorrhoids group (THG), Group 2: Hemorrhoidectomy group (HG). Demographic and clinical data were identified. In terms of laboratory findings, preoperative hemoglobin, hematocrit and all platelet parameters were recorded.
Main results Fifty-two patients in THG, and 75 patients in HG were included in the study. In female sex and young age group, the risk of developing thrombosed hemorrhoids was statistically significant (p = 0.029, p = 0.039, respectively). When the platelet parameters were evaluated; while PDW was higher in THG (p = 0.008), any significant difference could not found in all other values (p > 0.05). Thrombosed hemorrhoids were mostly (59.25%) found to be located in the left laterodorsal part of anus.
Conclusion Internal hemorrhoids are frequently seen in the ages of 45–65 with similar rates in both sexes, while external thrombosed hemorrhoids occur at a younger age (<45) and more often in women. Comparing in terms of platelet indexes, PDW value was found to be significantly higher in THG. In young people, thrombosed hemorrhoids may develop more frequently, as the connective tissue that forms the anal pads is not loose enough to form an internal hemorrhoid, as more seen in older patients.
Prehospital Use of Ketamine in Mountain Rescue: A Survey of Emergency Physicians of a Single-Center Alpine Helicopter-Based Emergency Service
Authors: Vanolli Katia , Hugli Olivier , Eidenbenz David , Suter Marc R. , Pasquier Mathieu 
Published: September 2020

Introduction Although ketamine use in emergency medicine is widespread, studies investigating prehospital use are scarce. Our goal was to assess the self-reported modalities of ketamine use, knowledge of contraindications, and occurrence of adverse events associated with its use by physicians through a prospective online survey. Methods The survey was administered to physicians working for Air-Glaciers, a Swiss alpine helicopter-based emergency service, and was available between September 24 and November 23, 2018. We enrolled 39 participants (participation rate of 87%) in our study and collected data regarding their characteristics, methods of ketamine use, knowledge of contraindications, and encountered side effects linked to the administration of ketamine. We also included a clinical scenario to investigate an analgesic strategy. Results Ketamine was considered safe and judged irreplaceable by most physicians. The main reason for ketamine use was acute analgesia during painful procedures, such as manipulation of femur fractures. The doses of ketamine administered with or without fentanyl ranged from 0.2 to 0.7 mg·kg-1 intravenously. Most physicians reported using fentanyl and midazolam along with ketamine. The median dose of midazolam was 2 (interquartile range 1–2) mg for a 70-kg adult. Monitoring and oxygen administration were used infrequently. Hallucinations were the most common adverse events. Knowledge of ketamine contraindications was poor. Conclusions Ketamine use was reported by mountain rescue physicians to be safe and useful for acute analgesia. Most physicians use fentanyl and midazolam along with ketamine. Adverse neuropsychiatric events were rare. Knowledge regarding contraindications to the administration of ketamine should be improved.
Drilling operations for the South Pole Ice Core (SPICEcore) project
Authors: Johnson Jay A. , Kuhl Tanner , Boeckmann Grant , Gibson Chris , Jetson Joshua , Meulemans Zachary , Slawny Kristina , Souney Joseph M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver the course of the 2014/15 and 2015/16 austral summer seasons, the South Pole Ice Core project recovered a 1751 m deep ice core at the South Pole. This core provided a high-resolution record of paleoclimate conditions in East Antarctica during the Holocene and late Pleistocene. The drilling and core processing were completed using the new US Intermediate Depth Drill system, which was designed and built by the US Ice Drilling Program at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. In this paper, we present and discuss the setup, operation, and performance of the drill system.
Physicalism UnBlocked
Authors: Witmer D. Gene 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhat has become known asthe blockers problemis an alleged difficulty facing attempts to formulate physicalism as a supervenience thesis. A blocker is an entity, itself contrary to physicalism, with the power to disrupt an otherwise necessary connection between physical and nonphysical conditions. I argue that there is no distinct blockers problem. Insofar as a problem can be identified, it turns out to be just a rather baroque version of a distinct and familiar objection to supervenience formulations and to be of no independent interest. Work on the formulation of physicalism can thus proceed without worrying about blockers.
Emerging health data platforms: From individual control to collective data governance
Authors: Kariotis Timothy , Ball Mad Price , Greshake Tzovaras Bastian , Dennis Simon , Sahama Tony , Johnston Carolyn , Almond Helen , Borda Ann 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHealth data have enormous potential to transform healthcare, health service design, research, and individual health management. However, health data collected by institutions tend to remain siloed within those institutions limiting access by other services, individuals or researchers. Further, health data generated outside health services (e.g., from wearable devices) may not be easily accessible or useable by individuals or connected to other parts of the health system. There are ongoing tensions between data protection and the use of data for the public good (e.g., research). Concurrently, there are a number of data platforms that provide ways to disrupt these traditional health data siloes, giving greater control to individuals and communities. Through four case studies, this paper explores platforms providing new ways for health data to be used for personal data sharing, self-health management, research, and clinical care. The case-studies include data platforms: PatientsLikeMe, Open Humans, Health Record Banks, and unforgettable.me. These are explored with regard to what they mean for data access, data control, and data governance. The case studies provide insight into a shift from institutional to individual data stewardship. Looking at emerging data governance models, such as data trusts and data commons, points to collective control over health data as an emerging approach to issues of data control. These shifts pose challenges as to how “traditional” health services make use of data collected on these platforms. Further, it raises broader policy questions regarding how to decide what public good data should be put towards.