bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality improvement project to eliminate the occurrence of never events during insertion of intrauterine contraception
Authors: Power Jo , Jungmann Eva , Rayan Anshu , Battison Teresa , Edwards Simon 
Published: December 2020

AimThis project aimed to reduce the occurrence of never events during insertion of intrauterine contraception (IUC), within Central North West London NHS Foundation Trust (CNWL) clinics, to zero within 6 weeks.BackgroundCNWL provides sexual health services in seven London boroughs and Surrey. Approximately 5500 IUC are inserted annually. Over a period of 67 days between 7 December 2017 and 12 February 2018, three incidents were identified within CNWL involving the insertion of an intrauterine contraceptive that was different to that agreed with the patient. Several different types of IUCs are available, avoiding insertion of an incorrect IUC device is important as it could lead to unwanted side effects and swapping to the chosen device could lead to a repeat procedure with potential increased risks of infection and uterine perforation.Insertion of an incorrect IUC has been classified as a never event since January 2018 when NHS Improvement updated their never events list to include ‘insertion of an IUC different from the one in the procedural plan’. Never events are serious incidents that are preventable if appropriate systems are in place. There is currently no national guidance on how to reduce the risk of IUC never events but since inclusion of IUC events in the never event list the Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Health has been working to produce national guidance for safety standards for IUC insertion. In the interim, CNWL undertook a review of their local policies.Investigation and recommendationsFollowing the CNWL IUC never events, a root cause analysis investigation was conducted. A multidisciplinary team was convened to identify potential contributory factors. The main cause was identified as the lack of a standard process for confirming, documenting and double-checking the chosen IUC immediately prior to insertion. Other contributory factors included storage of similar IUC devices alongside each other and delayed access to a trained assistant in IUC clinics.Quality improvement (QI) methodology was used to help implement local system changes to reduce the risk of future errors. These included changes to IUC storage and the introduction of an IUC checklist to confirm the chosen device type during IUC insertions.Results and conclusionSince implementation of these changes 30 months ago there have been no further IUC never events within CNWL.QI methods have facilitated the successful introduction of local system changes that have reduced the occurrence of errors during IUC insertion.
Comparison of gamma analysis with using different dosimetric systems for pre-treatment verification of intensity-modulated radiation therapy
Authors: Inan Gokcen , Gul Osman Vefa 
Published: December 2020

The evaluation of the agreement between calculated and measured dose plays an essential role in the quality assurance procedures of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). This study aimed to compare gamma analysis using portal dosimetry (PD), Epiqa, and 2D array detector for dose verification of radiotherapy treatment plans. Five field step-and-shoot IMRT plan was performed for 20 prostate IMRT patients using the dual-energy DHX linear accelerator (Varian Medical System, Palo Alto, Calif., USA). The treatment plans were created using Varian DHX Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS) version 15.1. All measurements were performed by aS500 EPID integrated into Varian DHX linear accelerator and 2D array detector. The dose distribution was evaluated with gamma area histograms (GAHs) generated using different γ criteria (1%/1 mm, 2%/2 mm, 3%/2 mm, and 3%/3 mm) for dose agreement and distance to agreement parameters. Statistical analyses were evaluated by using Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test, and p-value of p < 0.01 was considered to be significant. The average pass rate for 20 IMRT plans was above 95 for all devices with 2%/2 mm, 3%/2 mm, and 3%/3 mm. The mean and standard deviation pass rates (γ ≤ 1) were found to be 99.80 ± 0.19, 99.35 ± 0.34, and 97.53 ± 0.71 for PD, Epiqa, and 2D array, respectively. All IMRT plans passed 2%/2 mm, 3%/2 mm, and 3%/3 mm gamma by more than 95 of three dosimetric systems. They are all in good agreement with the literature. All three devices are acceptable for quality control of IMRT. Due to the simplicity and fast evaluation process, PD can be preferred for quality control.
ПОКАЗНИКИ ОКИСНЮВАЛЬНОГО СТРЕСУ В ЩУРІВ З ПАРАЦЕТАМОЛОВИМ ГЕПАТИТОМ ТА ЇХ КОРЕКЦІЯ ГУСТИМ ЕКСТРАКТОМ ІЗ ГРИБІВ МАЙТАКЕ
Authors: Herasymets I. I. , Fira L. S. , Medvid I. I. 
Published: December 2020

Вступ. У статті наведено результати дослідження активності окиснювальних процесів і стану захисних систем щурів за умов ураження їх парацетамолом та після корекції густим екстрактом із грибів майтаке.
Мета дослідження – вивчити вплив густого екстракту з грибів майтаке на активність вільнорадикальних процесів та показники антиоксидантної системи за умов парацетамолового гепатиту в щурів.
Методи дослідження. Дослідження проводили на білих щурах-самцях. Тварин поділили на 10 груп, кожна з яких включала 6 щурів. Гострий гепатит моделювали шляхом інтрагастрального введення парацетамолу в дозі 1250 мг/кг 1 раз на добу (протягом 2 діб) у вигляді суспензії у 2 % розчині крохмального гелю. Для корекції токсичного ураження застосовували густий екстракт із грибів майтаке, який вводили інтрагастрально за 2 год до введення парацетамолу та щоденно після ураження в дозі 150 мг/кг маси тіла. Препарат порівняння “Силібор” вводили за тією ж схемою, що і досліджуваний екстракт, у дозі 20 мг/кг маси тіла тварини. На 3-тю, 7-му та 10-ту доби від початку ураження здійснювали евтаназію щурів з використанням барбамілу натрію. Дослідженням піддавали гомогенат печінки та сироватку крові. Активність процесів вільнорадикального окиснення при парацетамоловому гепатиті й після введення коригувальних препаратів оцінювали за активністю супероксиддисмутази і каталази, вмістом ТБК-активних продуктів та продуктів окиснювальної модифікації протеїнів.
Результати й обговорення. Про підвищення активності процесів вільнорадикального окиснення після ураження щурів парацетамолом свідчили зниження активності супероксиддисмутази і каталази, підвищення вмісту ТБК-активних продуктів, продуктів окиснювальної модифікації протеїнів нейтрального й основного характеру в сироватці крові та печінці тварин. Експериментально доведено ефективність застосування густого екстракту з грибів майтаке і його позитивний вплив на активність процесів ліпопероксидації та окиснювальної модифікації протеїнів за умов парацетамолового гепатиту в щурів.
Висновок. Застосування досліджуваного екстракту з грибів майтаке за умов змодельованого гостро­го гепатиту в щурів привело до нормалізації показників ліпопероксидації, окиснювальної модифікації протеїнів та антиоксидантного захисту.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АКТИВАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСІВ ЛІПІДНОЇ ПЕРОКСИДАЦІЇ В РАННІЙ ПЕРІОД КРАНІОСКЕЛЕТНОЇ ТРАВМИ, УСКЛАДНЕНОЇ КРОВОВТРАТОЮ, У ЩУРІВ З РІЗНОЮ РЕЗИСТЕНТНІСТЮ ДО ГІПОКСІЇ
Authors: Sikirynska D. O. , Hudyma A. A. , Pokhodun K. A. 
Published: December 2020

Вступ. Травматизм належить до актуальних проблем сьогодення. У його структурі домінує поєднана черепно-мозкова та скелетна травма, яка супроводжується найбільшою летальністю. Одним з маркерів розвитку травматичної хвороби є інтенсифікація ліпідної пероксидації у тканинах та органах, що лежить в основі патогенезу розвитку поліорганної недостатності. За цих умов практично не вивченими залишаються закономірності процесів ліпідної пероксидації в особин з різною резистентністю до нестачі кисню.
Мета дослідження – з’ясувати особливості активації процесів ліпідної пероксидації в ранній період краніоскелетної травми, ускладненої крововтратою, у щурів з різною резистентністю до гіпоксії.
Методи дослідження. Експерименти виконано на 148 нелінійних білих щурах-самцях масою 180–200 г, які перебували на стандартному раціоні віварію. Попередньо у тварин визначили індивідуальну стійкість до гіпоксії та виділили 2 групи: високо- і низькостійких. У щурів моделювали краніоскелетну травму та поєднували її з гострою крововтратою. Через 1, 3 і 7 діб у печінці різностійких до гіпоксії тварин визначали вміст реагентів до тіобарбітурової кислоти – скринінгового маркера інтенсифікації ліпідної пероксидації.
Результати й обговорення. У відповідь на краніоскелетну травму в піддослідних тварин активувалися процеси ліпідної пероксидації клітинних мембран гепатоцитів. За умов додаткової крововтрати відбувалося нашарування впливу патогенних механізмів травми і гіпоксемії, при яких відмічали посилення утворення в печінці реагентів до тіобарбітурової кислоти. У високостійких до гіпоксії тварин ступінь накопичення реагентів до тіобарбітурової кислоти в печінці був суттєво меншим, ніж у низькостійких щурів, у всі терміни спостереження. Отримані результати вказують на те, що у високостійких тварин, попри вищу інтенсивність ліпопероксидації у вихідному стані, реакція на травму супроводжувалася меншою активізацією процесів ліпідної пероксидації, ніж у низькостійких щурів. Це дозволяє припустити нижчу вірогідність розвитку поліорганної недостатності у високостійких тварин, що має вагоме практичне значення і вимагає подальшого вивчення.
Висновок. У відповідь на краніоскелетну травму та її поєднання з гострою крововтратою в гострий період і період ранніх проявів травматичної хвороби, порівняно з контролем, відмічають зростання інтенсивності ліпідної пероксидації в печінці високо- і низькостійких до гіпоксії тварин, ступінь якої суттєво більший у низькостійких щурів.
Literatura e política na Argentina: a memória como construção em "Ezeiza", de Fabián Casas, e uma proposta para a contemporaneidade
Authors: Lopes Tainá Cristina Costa 
Published: December 2020

O texto literário não é somente ficção, pois capta sempre algo do social; trata-se de uma prática discursiva inserida em outras práticas, impregnada de vozes e memórias, e, por isso, é sempre contaminada pelo ideológico, pelo político, pelo histórico. Essas relações foram teorizadas por Ricardo Piglia, segundo o qual, é típico, na tradição literária argentina, tematizar o confronto entre duas vozes, com suas narrativas: a do povo e a do Estado, cujo objetivo é fazer crer em certa versão da história e justificar suas atitudes opressoras. Porém, às ficções estatais se contrapõem outras narrativas, nas quais o autor nem sempre aborda o que viu ou viveu; muitas vezes ele é o porta-voz dos relatos do povo, que circulam e se chocam com as versões oficiais, como versões possíveis cujo objetivo é não deixar que a história se apague, construindo uma memória. Esse é o caso da narrativa presente no poema “Ezeiza”, de Fabián Casas, que remete ao “massacre de Ezeiza’, ocorrido em 1973, no aeroporto de mesmo nome. O texto foi analisado por Martín Kohan em uma aula magistral e é justamente essa análise que tomo como ponto de partida e ouso am- pliar, em uma discussão sobre literatura, política e memória como processo discursivo performativo e literário, considerando que a memória construída pelo eu lírico sobre o incidente que dá nome ao poema acontece a partir do que ele viveu enquanto espectador distante, e dos relatos que ouviu de quem esteve efetivamente no massacre. Ainda assim, a memória postulada em Ezeiza é política, como uma continuação da poesia política, mas por outros meios. Considerando que, em geral, a inscrição da política na literatura se dá a partir dos registros históricos, da memória e da disputa de narrativas, Piglia, em texto de 2001, no qual apresenta três propostas para a literatura no novo milênio, questiona-se acerca de seu futuro e de sua função. Logo, a título de conclusão, apresento a minha própria perspectiva para a literatura e sua relevância na contemporaneidade, baseando-me na seguinte citação de Calvino: “minha fé no porvir da literatura consiste em saber que há coisas que só a literatura com seus meios específicos pode brindar".
Probabilistic Tractable Models in Mixed Discrete-Continuous
Domains
Authors: Bueff Andreas , Speichert Stefanie , Belle Vaishak 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study the problem of the unsupervised learning of graphical models in mixed discrete-continuous domains. The problem of unsupervised learning of such models in discrete domains alone is notoriously challenging, compounded by the fact that inference is computationally demanding. The situation is generally believed to be significantly worse in discrete-continuous domains: estimating the unknown probability distribution of given samples is often limited in practice to a handful of parametric forms, and in addition to that, computing conditional queries need to carefully handle low-probability regions in safety-critical applications. In recent years, the regime of tractable learning has emerged, which attempts to learn a graphical model that permits efficient inference. Most of the results in this regime are based on arithmetic circuits, for which inference is linear in the size of the obtained circuit. In this work, we show how, with minimal modifications, such regimes can be generalized by leveraging efficient density estimation schemes based on piecewise polynomial approximations. Our framework is realized on a recent computational abstraction that permits efficient inference for a range of queries in the underlying language. Our empirical results show that our approach is effective, and allows a study of the trade-off between the granularity of the learned model and its predictive power.
‘Mercury is in a Very Ape-Like Mood’
Authors: Whitehouse Deja 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Frieda, Lady Harris, wife of Sir Percy Harris, Liberal M.P. and party Chief Whip, created the magnificent Tarot paintings that underpin Aleister Crowley’s The Book of Thoth. Harris conformed to the conventional appearance of a respectable middle-class lady until she was in her sixties. However, her unwavering commitment to Aleister Crowley and the Tarot project eventually threatened not only her social standing, but also her marriage. Despite her dedication to the Thoth Tarot, she never fully engaged with Thelema, which she anthropomorphised as the bossy and interfering ‘Miss Thelema’. Nevertheless, she progressed through the grades of Crowley’s magical orders and remained loyal to Crowley and the Great Work to the end of her days, endeavouring to secure a publishing deal for a general release of The Book of Thoth and the Thoth Tarot deck. Using extracts from Harris and Crowley’s correspondence and Crowley’s diaries, this paper will explore Harris’s personal involvement with Thelema, both in her collaborative activities with Crowley, and her endeavours to preserve his legacy after his death.
Gurdjieff in Constantinople
Authors: Burmistrov Konstantin Yu. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
George Gurdjieff (1866–1949) and his students’ stay in Constantinople in 1920–1921 remains a blank spot in the movement’s history. Very few records relating to this period survive. In Constantinople, Gurdjieff succeeded in founding the first branch of the Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man, after his attempts in Tbilisi in 1919 had failed. In this article, two important documents related to this period are published in English translation. The first is a booklet that contains information about the branch of the Institute in Constantinople, its program, theories, and working methods. It was published in Constantinople in 1920, in Russian. The second is a translation of fragments from the memoirs of Vasily Shulgin (1878–1976), a prominent Russian politician, writer, and journalist who witnessed and interacted with the Gurdjieff group in Constantinople. These materials significantly expand our knowledge of this early stage of the Gurdjieff movement and its cultural-historical context.
Embroidering the New Science
Authors: Learner Mary 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An unruly object of seventeenth-century experimental science is the metal needle, an instrument that begins Robert Hooke’s Micrographia (1665) but also was the essential tool used in women’s embroidery work. This article follows traces of the needle through the historical record and florilegia – a genre that bridged botanical and artistic studies – to argue that needlework provided a way of seeing that facilitated the development of empiricism. Using evidence from the works of Isabella Parasole, Elizabeth Isham, and Maria Sibylla Merian, I show how the needle surfaces in scenes of scientific illustration, thereby resituating natural histories and the scientific process of ordering minute organisms.
Filtering de novo indels in parent-offspring trios
Authors: Liu Yongzhuang , Liu Jian , Wang Yadong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Identification of de novo indels from whole genome or exome sequencing data of parent-offspring trios is a challenging task in human disease studies and clinical practices. Existing computational approaches usually yield high false positive rate.

Results
In this study, we developed a gradient boosting approach for filtering de novo indels obtained by any computational approaches. Through application on the real genome sequencing data, our approach showed it could significantly reduce the false positive rate of de novo indels without a significant compromise on sensitivity.

Conclusions
The software DNMFilter_Indel was written in a combination of Java and R and freely available from the website at https://github.com/yongzhuang/DNMFilter_Indel.
Flexible comparative genomics of prokaryotic transcriptional regulatory networks
Authors: Kılıç Sefa , Sánchez-Osuna Miquel , Collado-Padilla Antonio , Barbé Jordi , Erill Ivan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Comparative genomics methods enable the reconstruction of bacterial regulatory networks using available experimental data. In spite of their potential for accelerating research into the composition and evolution of bacterial regulons, few comparative genomics suites have been developed for the automated analysis of these regulatory systems. Available solutions typically rely on precomputed databases for operon and ortholog predictions, limiting the scope of analyses to processed complete genomes, and several key issues such as the transfer of experimental information or the integration of regulatory information in a probabilistic setting remain largely unaddressed.

Results
Here we introduce CGB, a flexible platform for comparative genomics of prokaryotic regulons. CGB has few external dependencies and enables fully customized analyses of newly available genome data. The platform automates the merging of experimental information and uses a gene-centered, Bayesian framework to generate and integrate easily interpretable results. We demonstrate its flexibility and power by analyzing the evolution of type III secretion system regulation in pathogenic Proteobacteria and by characterizing the SOS regulon of a new bacterial phylum, the Balneolaeota.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate the applicability of the CGB pipeline in multiple settings. CGB’s ability to automatically integrate experimental information from multiple sources and use complete and draft genomic data, coupled with its non-reliance on precomputed databases and its easily interpretable display of gene-centered posterior probabilities of regulation provide users with an unprecedented level of flexibility in launching comparative genomics analyses of prokaryotic transcriptional regulatory networks. The analyses of type III secretion and SOS response regulatory networks illustrate instances of convergent and divergent evolution of these regulatory systems, showcasing the power of formal ancestral state reconstruction at inferring the evolutionary history of regulatory networks.
Access to secondary care services for patients with established inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Gethins Sharon 
Published: December 2020

Background: Standards of care for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) recommend the introduction of pathways for rapid assessment or direct admission of patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis to specialist gastroenterology services. In 2017, services provided at University Hospitals of Leicester consisted of traditional outpatient services, a dedicated gastroenterology ward and access to specialist advice via a telephone helpline, which was available Monday to Friday at 09:00–13:00. The trust did not have a dedicated service for rapid-access clinics or direct admission. Aim: A study was conducted to explore how patients with an established diagnosis of IBD accessed secondary care services, when having an acute exacerbation. Methods: A questionnaire was provided to patients over 12 months, just before their discharge from the gastroenterology ward to identify what took place during their admission. Findings: The study recruited 50 participants. The majority of these patients had been admitted to secondary care via emergency or urgent care (60%), with 22% admitted from medical admissions units, 14% directly to gastroenterology ward and 2% via other departments. For 58% of patients, the pathway to the gastroenterology ward involved being transferred to a total of three different wards. Most patients waited for many hours before entering the gastroenterology ward, and around a quarter waited for 2 days or more. Conclusions: It was found that 16% of patients had been admitted to hospital unnecessarily. Following patient feedback, a rapid-access hot clinic should be piloted to improve access pathways for patients with acute exacerbations of IBD.
Exploring the utility of RDoC in differentiating effectiveness amongst antidepressants: A systematic review using proposed psychometrics as the unit of analysis for the Negative Valence Systems domain
Authors: Hui Andrew 
Published: December 2020

Background
RDoC conceptualises psychopathology as neurobiologically-rooted behavioural psychological “constructs” that span dimensionally from normality to pathology, but its clinical utility remains controversial.

Aim
To explore RDoC’s potential clinical utility by examining antidepressant effectiveness through Negative Valence Systems (NVS) domain constructs.

Method
A systematic review was conducted on Web of Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO for antidepressant trials that included psychometric instruments assessed by Watson, Stanton & Clark (2017) to represent NVS constructs of Acute Threat, Potential Threat and Loss.

Results
221 citations were identified; 13 were included in qualitative synthesis, none for quantitative analysis. All suffered from significant bias risks. 9 antidepressants were investigated, most within 1 construct, and most were found to be effective. Paroxetine, citalopram and fluvoxamine were found to be effective for Acute Threat, fluoxetine, desvenlafaxine and sertraline for Potential Threat, and sertraline, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine and desvenlafaxine effective for Loss. Nefazodone was found to be ineffective for acute fear.

Conclusion
Preliminary evidence supports RDoC NVS constructs’ clinical utility in assessing antidepressant effectiveness, but lack of discriminant validity between Potential Threat and Loss supports their recombination into a single Distress construct. Finding of effectiveness within “normal” construct levels support the utility of a dimensional approach. Testable hypotheses were generated that can further test RDoC’s clinical utility.
La incorporación del abuso de posición dominante en el Código Civil y Comercial de la Nación y sus efectos en el Derecho de Defensa de la Competencia argentino
Authors: Darsaut Maria Victoria , Rostán Matías Ignacio 
Published: December 2020

La incorporación del artículo 11 en el CCCN sobre abuso de posición dominante en el mercado significa la puerta de entrada al sistema de ejecución privada del Derecho de la Competencia en nuestro país.
En el presente artículo se abordará la normativa específica y el aporte de la doctrina y la jurisprudencia sobre el tema.