bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Treatment-as-Prevention Trial to Eliminate Hepatitis C Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Authors: Braun Dominique L , Hampel Benjamin , Ledergerber Bruno , Grube Christina , Nguyen Huyen , Künzler-Heule Patrizia , Shah Cyril , Salazar-Vizcaya Luisa , Conen Anna , Flepp Markus , Stöckle Marcel , Béguelin Charles , Schmid Patrick , Rougemont Mathieu , Delaloye Julie , Bernasconi Enos , Nicca Dunja , Böni Jürg , Rauch Andri , Kouyos Roger D , Günthard Huldrych F , Fehr Jan S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) introduced global targets for the elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030. We conducted a nationwide HCV micro-elimination program among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) to test whether the WHO goals are achievable in this population.

Methods
During phase A (10/2015–06/2016), we performed a population-based and systematic screening for HCV-RNA among MSM from the SHCS. During phase B (06/2016–02/2017) we offered treatment with HCV direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents to MSM identified with a replicating HCV infection. During phase C (03/2017–11/2017), we offered rescreening to all MSM for HCV-RNA and initiated DAA treatment in MSM with replicating infections.

Results
We screened 3715/4640 (80%) MSM and identified 177 with replicating HCV infections (4.8%); 150 (85%) of whom started DAA treatment and 149 (99.3%) were cured. We rescreened 2930/3538 (83%) MSM with a prior negative HCV-RNA and identified 13 (0.4%) with a new HCV infection. At the end of the micro-elimination program, 176/190 MSM (93%) were cured, and the HCV incidence rate declined from .53 per 100 patient-years (95% CI, .35–.83) prior to the intervention to .12 (95% CI, .03–.49) by the end of 2019.

Conclusions
A systematic, population-based HCV micro-elimination program among MSM living with HIV was feasible and resulted in a strong decline in HCV incidence and prevalence. Our study can serve as a model for other countries aiming to achieve the WHO HCV elimination targets.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02785666.
Sex Hormone Therapy and Tenofovir Diphosphate Concentration in Dried Blood Spots: Primary Results of the Interactions Between Antiretrovirals And Transgender Hormones Study
Authors: Grant Robert M , Pellegrini Marion , Defechereux Patricia A , Anderson Peter L , Yu Michelle , Glidden David V , O’Neal Joshua , Yager Jenna , Bhasin Shalender , Sevelius Jae , Deutsch Madeline B 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Sex hormone and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drug interactions among transgender women (TGW), transgender men (TGM), and cisgender men (CGM) are not fully understood.

Methods
TGM and TGW on at least 6 months of stable sex hormone therapy containing testosterone or estradiol (respectively) were enrolled in a 4-week study of directly observed dosing of daily oral coformulated emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF). TFV-DP in dried blood spots and sex hormones in serum were measured at weekly intervals. TFV-DP was compared with 2- and 4-week samples from Directly Observed Therapy Dried Blood Spots (DOT-DBS) Study (NCT02022657).

Results
From May 2017 to June 2018, 24 TGM and 24 TGW were enrolled. Testosterone (total and free) and estradiol concentrations were comparable before and after 4 weeks of PrEP use in TGM and TGW, respectively. Historical controls included 17 cisgender women (CGW) and 15 CGM. TFV-DP concentrations at week 4 were comparable between TGW and TGM (mean difference, −6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], −21% to 12%; P = .47), comparable between TGW and CGM (mean difference, −12%; 95% CI, −27% to 7%; P = .21) and were lower among TGM compared with CGW (mean difference, −23%; 95% CI, −36% to −7%; P = .007). All persons in all groups were projected to reach the TFV-DP threshold that has been associated with high protection from human immunodeficiency virus.

Conclusions
CGM, TGM, and TGW had comparable TFV-DP concentrations in dried blood spots after 4 weeks of directly observed daily FTC/TDF PrEP use. Serum hormone concentrations were not affected by FTC/TDF PrEP use.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04050371.
Veteran Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Have Increased Risk of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Associated Genital Tract Cancers
Authors: Clark Eva , Chen Liang , Dong Yongquan , Raychaudhury Suchismita , White Donna , Kramer Jennifer R , Chiao Elizabeth 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundDisparities in access to screening often confound observed differences in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated female genital tract cancer (FGTC) incidence between women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; WLWH) and their HIV-negative counterparts. We aimed to determine if there have been changes in cancer risk among WLWH during the antiretroviral era in a single-payer health system.MethodsWe retrospectively selected WLWH and HIV-negative controls receiving care between 1999 and 2016 at the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and identified FGTC diagnoses via Cancer Registry and International Classification of Diseases-9/10 codes. We extracted demographic and clinical variables from the VA’s Corporate Data Warehouse; evaluated incidence rates (IRs), incidence rate ratios, hazard ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cancer risk; and conducted survival analyses.ResultsWe identified 1454 WLWH and compared them with 5816 matched HIV-negative controls. More WLWH developed HPV-associated FGTCs (total n = 28 [2.0%]; cervical = 22, vulvovaginal = 4, and anal/rectal = 2) than HIV-negative women (total n = 32 [0.6%]; cervical = 24, vulvovaginal = 5, and anal/rectal = 5) (log rank P &lt; .0001). Cervical cancer IR was &gt;6-fold higher for WLWH (204.2 per 100 000 person-years [py] [95% CI, 83.8–324.7]) than HIV-negative women (IR = 31.2 per 100 000 py [95% CI, 17.9–44.5]). The IRs for vulvovaginal and anal cancers were also higher in WLWH. Overall, WLWH were more likely to develop HPV-associated FGTCs compared with their HIV-negative counterparts (all log rank P values &lt; .0001).ConclusionsVeteran WLWH are more likely to develop HPV-associated FGTCs despite equal access to health care. Even in single-payer health systems, WLWH continue to require special attention to ensure guideline-based high-risk HPV screening for prevention of FGTCs.
Wrapper-Enabled Feature Selection and CPLM-Based NARX Model for Stock Market Prediction
Authors: Gandhmal Dattatray P , Kumar K 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The prices in the stock market are dynamic in nature, thereby pretend as a hectic challenge to the sellers and buyers in predicting the trending stocks for the future. To ensure effective prediction of the stock market, the chronological penguin Levenberg–Marquardt-based nonlinear autoregressive network (CPLM-based NARX) is employed, and the prediction is devised on the basis of past and the recent rank of market. Initially, input data are subjected to the features extraction that is based on the technical indicators, such as WILLR, ROCR, MOM, RSI, CCI, ADX, TRIX, MACD, OBV, TSF, ATR and MFI. The technical indicator is adapted for predicting the stock market. The wrapper-enabled feature selection is employed for selecting the highly significant features that are generated using the technical indicators. The highly significant features of the data are fed to the prediction module, which is developed using the NARX model. The NARX model uses the CPLM algorithm that is formed using the integration of the chronological-based penguin search optimization algorithm and the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The prediction using the proposed CPLM-based NARX shows the superior performance in terms of mean absolute percentage error and root mean square error with values of 0.96 and 0.805, respectively.
FLUTE: Fast and reliable knowledge retrieval from biomedical literature
Authors: Holtzapple Emilee , Telmer Cheryl A , Miskov-Zivanov Natasa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
State-of-the-art machine reading methods extract, in hours, hundreds of thousands of events from the biomedical literature. However, many of the extracted biomolecular interactions are incorrect or not relevant for computational modeling of a system of interest. Therefore, rapid, automated methods are required to filter and select accurate and useful information. The FiLter for Understanding True Events (FLUTE) tool uses public protein interaction databases to filter interactions that have been extracted by machines from databases such as PubMed and score them for accuracy. Confidence in the interactions allows for rapid and accurate model assembly. As our results show, FLUTE can reliably determine the confidence in the biomolecular interactions extracted by fast machine readers and at the same time provide a speedup in interaction filtering by three orders of magnitude.
Database URL: https://bitbucket.org/biodesignlab/flute.
EnzyMine: a comprehensive database for enzyme function annotation with enzymatic reaction chemical feature
Authors: Sun Dandan , Cheng Xingxiang , Tian Yu , Ding Shaozhen , Zhang Dachuan , Cai Pengli , Hu Qian-nan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Addition of chemical structural information in enzymatic reactions has proven to be significant for accurate enzyme function prediction. However, such chemical data lack systematic feature mining and hardly exist in enzyme-related databases. Therefore, global mining of enzymatic reactions will offer a unique landscape for researchers to understand the basic functional mechanisms of natural bioprocesses and facilitate enzyme function annotation. Here, we established a new knowledge base called EnzyMine, through which we propose to elucidate enzymatic reaction features and then link them with sequence and structural annotations. EnzyMine represents an advanced database that extends enzyme knowledge by incorporating reaction chemical feature strategies, strengthening the connectivity between enzyme and metabolic reactions. Therefore, it has the potential to reveal many new metabolic pathways involved with given enzymes, as well as expand enzyme function annotation.
Database URL: http://www.rxnfinder.org/enzymine/
Edoxaban for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation in routine clinical care: 1-year follow-up of the prospective observational ETNA-AF-Europe study
Authors: de Groot Joris R , Weiss Thomas W , Kelly Peter , Monteiro Pedro , Deharo Jean Claude , de Asmundis Carlo , López-de-Sá Esteban , Waltenberger Johannes , Steffel Jan , Levy Pierre , Bakhai Ameet , Zierhut Wolfgang , Laeis Petra , Manu Marius Constantin , Reimitz Paul-Egbert , De Caterina Raffaele , Kirchhof Paulus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aims
Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants are safe and effective for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Data on the safety and efficacy of edoxaban in routine care are limited in Europe. We report 1-year outcomes in patients with AF treated with edoxaban in routine care.

Methods and results
ETNA-AF-Europe is a prospective, multicentre, post-authorization, observational study enrolling patients treated with edoxaban in 10 European countries, the design of which was agreed with the European Medicines Agency as part of edoxaban’s post-approval safety plan. Altogether 13 092 patients in 852 sites completed the 1-year follow-up [mean age: 73.6 ± 9.5 years; 57% male, mean follow-up: 352 ± 49 days (median: 366 days)]. Most patients had associated comorbidities (mean CHA2DS2-VASc score: 3.1 ± 1.4). Stroke or systemic embolism was reported in 103 patients (annualized event rate: 0.82%/year), and major bleeding events were reported in 132 patients (1.05%/year). Rates of intracranial haemorrhage were low [30 patients (0.24%/year)]. Death occurred in 442 patients (3.50%/year); cardiovascular (CV) death occurred in 206 patients (1.63%/year). The approved dosing of edoxaban was chosen in 83%. All-cause and CV mortality were higher in patients receiving edoxaban 30 mg vs. 60 mg, in line with the higher age and more frequent comorbidities of the 30 mg group. Major bleeding was also numerically more common in patients receiving edoxaban 30 mg vs. 60 mg.

Conclusion
The rates of stroke, systemic embolism, and major bleeding are low in this large unselected cohort of high-risk AF patients routinely treated with edoxaban.
The Attempt on the Seven Londoners
Authors: Downs Jordan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Historians of the English Revolution are well aware of the infamous events of 4 January 1642, when Charles I tried to arrest one peer and five Members of Parliament on charges of treason. The failed plan, later known as ‘the attempt on the Five Members’, led to an uproar in both Houses of Parliament and days of rioting in London that drove the king and his family to flee for their safety under the cover of night. Scholars are, however, less aware—perhaps even entirely unaware—of the events of January 1643, exactly one year later, when the king made a fateful attempt to arrest seven politically active Londoners for treason: Isaac Pennington, John Fowke, John Venn, Randall Mainwaring, Richard Browne, Edmund Harvey and Robert Tichborne. This article looks closely at the politics surrounding the king’s ‘second mistake’, and the ways in which City militants and the war party in Parliament manipulated events surrounding the affair in order to escalate the conflict. Much more than simply suggesting that Charles I was at best incorrigible, a king incapable of learning from his mistakes, the attempt on the seven Londoners reveals the significance of the struggle for popular mobilisation in the war-torn metropolis, and indeed the degree to which London had, by early 1643, become a cornerstone of Parliament’s war effort.
The effect of intracoronary infusion of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells on all-cause mortality in acute myocardial infarction: the BAMI trial
Authors: Mathur Anthony , Fernández-Avilés Francisco , Bartunek Jozef , Belmans Ann , Crea Filippo , Dowlut Sheik , Galiñanes Manuel , Good Marie-Claire , Hartikainen Juha , Hauskeller Christine , Janssens Stefan , Kala Petr , Kastrup Jens , Martin John , Menasché Philippe , Sanz-Ruiz Ricardo , Ylä-Herttuala Seppo , Zeiher Andreas ,   On behalf of the BAMI Group
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aims
Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) therapy may improve myocardial recovery in patients following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), though existing trial results are inconsistent.

Methods and results
Originally an open-label, multicentre Phase III trial, BAMI was designed to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of intracoronary infusion of BM-MNCs in reducing the time to all-cause mortality in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, ≤45%) after primary angioplasty (PPCI) for ST-elevation AMI. Unexpectedly low recruitment means the trial no longer qualifies as a hypothesis-testing trial, but is instead an observational study with no definitive conclusions possible from statistical analysis. In total, 375 patients were recruited: 185 patients were randomized to the treatment arm (intracoronary infusion of BM-MNCs 2–8 days after PPCI) and 190 patients to the control arm (optimal medical therapy). All-cause mortality at 2 years was 3.26% [6 deaths; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.48–7.12%] in the BM-MNC group and 3.82% (7 deaths; 95% CI: 1.84–7.84%) in the control group. Five patients (2.7%, 95% CI: 1.0–5.9%) in the BM-MNC group and 15 patients (8.1%, CI : 4.7–12.5%) in the control group were hospitalized for heart failure during 2 years of follow-up. Neither adverse events nor serious adverse events differed between the two groups. There were no patients hospitalized for stroke in the control group and 4 (2.2%) patients hospitalized for stroke in the BM-MNC group.

Conclusions
Although BAMI is the largest trial of autologous cell-based therapy in the treatment of AMI, unexpectedly low recruitment and event rates preclude any meaningful group comparisons and interpretation of the observed results.
Catheter ablation vs. thoracoscopic surgical ablation in long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation: CASA-AF randomized controlled trial
Authors: Haldar Shouvik , Khan Habib Rehman , Boyalla Vennela , Kralj-Hans Ines , Jones Simon , Lord Joanne , Onyimadu Oluchukwu , Satishkumar Anitha , Bahrami Toufan , De Souza Anthony , Clague Jonathan R , Francis Darrel P , Hussain Wajid , Jarman Julian W , Jones David Gareth , Chen Zhong , Mediratta Neeraj , Hyde Jonathan , Lewis Michael , Mohiaddin Raad , Salukhe Tushar V , Murphy Caroline , Kelly Joanna , Khattar Rajdeep S , Toff William D , Markides Vias , McCready James , Gupta Dhiraj , Wong Tom 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aims
Long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (LSPAF) is challenging to treat with suboptimal catheter ablation (CA) outcomes. Thoracoscopic surgical ablation (SA) has shown promising efficacy in atrial fibrillation (AF). This multicentre randomized controlled trial tested whether SA was superior to CA as the first interventional strategy in de novo LSPAF.

Methods and results
We randomized 120 LSPAF patients to SA or CA. All patients underwent predetermined lesion sets and implantable loop recorder insertion. Primary outcome was single procedure freedom from AF/atrial tachycardia (AT) ≥30 s without anti-arrhythmic drugs at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included clinical success (≥75% reduction in AF/AT burden); procedure-related serious adverse events; changes in patients’ symptoms and quality-of-life scores; and cost-effectiveness. At 12 months, freedom from AF/AT was recorded in 26% (14/54) of patients in SA vs. 28% (17/60) in the CA group [OR 1.128, 95% CI (0.46–2.83), P = 0.83]. Reduction in AF/AT burden ≥75% was recorded in 67% (36/54) vs. 77% (46/60) [OR 1.13, 95% CI (0.67–4.08), P = 0.3] in SA and CA groups, respectively. Procedure-related serious adverse events within 30 days of intervention were reported in 15% (8/55) of patients in SA vs. 10% (6/60) in CA, P = 0.46. One death was reported after SA. Improvements in AF symptoms were greater following CA. Over 12 months, SA was more expensive and provided fewer quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) compared with CA (0.78 vs. 0.85, P = 0.02).

Conclusion
Single procedure thoracoscopic SA is not superior to CA in treating LSPAF. Catheter ablation provided greater improvements in symptoms and accrued significantly more QALYs during follow-up than SA.

Clinical Trial Registration
ISRCTN18250790 and ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02755688
Ticagrelor alone vs. ticagrelor plus aspirin following percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: TWILIGHT-ACS
Authors: Baber Usman , Dangas George , Angiolillo Dominick Joseph , Cohen David Joel , Sharma Samin Kumar , Nicolas Johny , Briguori Carlo , Cha Jin Yu , Collier Timothy , Dudek Dariusz , Džavik Vladimir , Escaned Javier , Gil Robert , Gurbel Paul , Hamm Christian W , Henry Timothy , Huber Kurt , Kastrati Adnan , Kaul Upendra , Kornowski Ran , Krucoff Mitchell , Kunadian Vijay , Marx Steven Owen , Mehta Shamir , Moliterno David , Ohman Erik Magnus , Oldroyd Keith , Sardella Gennaro , Sartori Samantha , Shlofmitz Richard , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Weisz Giora , Witzenbichler Bernhard , Han Ya-Ling , Pocock Stuart , Gibson Charles Michael , Mehran Roxana 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ticagrelor monotherapy on clinically relevant bleeding and major ischaemic events in relation to clinical presentation with and without non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES).

Methods and results
We conducted a pre-specified subgroup analysis of The Ticagrelor With Aspirin or Alone in High Risk Patients After Coronary Intervention (TWILIGHT) trial, which enrolled 9006 patients with high-risk features undergoing PCI with DES. After 3 months of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with ticagrelor plus aspirin, 7119 adherent and event-free patients were randomized in a double-blind manner to ticagrelor plus placebo versus ticagrelor plus aspirin for 12 months. The primary outcome was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding while the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke was the key secondary outcome. Among patients with NSTE-ACS (n = 4614), ticagrelor monotherapy reduced BARC 2, 3, or 5 bleeding by 53% [3.6% vs. 7.6%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.61; P &lt; 0.001) and in stable patients (n = 2503) by 24% (4.8% vs. 6.2%; HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.54–1.06; P = 0.11; nominal P int = 0.03). Rates of all-cause death, MI, or stroke among those with (4.3% vs. 4.4%; HR 0.97; 95% CI 0.74–1.28; P = 0.84) and without (3.1% vs. 3.2%; HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.61–1.49; P = 0.85) NSTE-ACS were similar between treatment arms irrespective of clinical presentation (P int = 0.96).

Conclusion
Among patients with or without NSTE-ACS who have completed an initial 3-month course of DAPT following PCI with DES, ticagrelor monotherapy reduced clinically meaningful bleeding events without increasing ischaemic risk as compared with ticagrelor plus aspirin. The benefits of ticagrelor monotherapy with respect to bleeding events were more pronounced in patients with NSTE-ACS.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02270242.
Complications in pulmonary vein isolation in the Netherlands Heart Registration differ with sex and ablation technique
Authors: Mol Daniel , Houterman Saskia , Balt Jippe C , Bhagwandien Rohit E , Blaauw Yuri , Delnoy Peter-Paul H , van Driel Vincent J , Driessen Antoine H , Folkeringa Richard J , Hassink Rutger J , van Huysduynen Bart Hooft , Luermans Justin G , Ouss Alexandre J , Stevenhagen Yorick J , van Veghel Dennis , Westra Sjoerd W , de Jong Jonas S , de Groot Joris R ,   the Netherlands Heart Registration Ablation Registration Committee
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aims
Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has become a cornerstone of the invasive treatment of atrial fibrillation. Severe complications are reported in 1–3% of patients. This study aims to compare complications and follow-up outcome of PVI in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Methods and results
The data were extracted from the Netherlands Heart Registration. Procedural and follow-up outcomes in patients treated with conventional radiofrequency (C-RF), multielectrode phased RF (Ph-RF), or cryoballoon (CB) ablation from 2012 to 2017 were compared. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify variables associated with complications and repeat ablations. In total, 13 823 patients (69% male) were included. The reported complication incidence was 3.6%. Patients treated with C-RF developed more cardiac tamponades (C-RF 0.8% vs. Ph-RF 0.3% vs. CB 0.3%, P ≤ 0.001) and vascular complications (C-RF 1.7% vs. Ph-RF 1.2% vs. CB 1.3%, P ≤ 0.001). Ph-RF was associated with fewer bleeding complications (C-RF: 1.0% vs. Ph-RF: 0.4% vs. CB: 0.7%, P = 0.020). Phrenic nerve palsy mainly occurred in patients treated with CB (C-RF: 0.1% vs. Ph-RF: 0.2% vs. CB: 1.5%, P ≤ 0.001). In total, 18.4% of patients were referred for repeat ablation within 1 year. Female sex, age, and CHA2DS2-VASc were independent risk factors for cardiac tamponade and bleeding complications, with an adjusted OR for female patients of 2.97 (95% CI 1.98–4.45) and 2.02 (95% CI 1.03–4.00) respectively.

Conclusion
The reported complication rate during PVI was low. Patients treated with C-RF ablation were more likely to develop cardiac tamponades and vascular complications. Female sex was associated with more cardiac tamponade and bleeding complications.