bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenylephrine induces relaxation of longitudinal strips from small arteries of goat legs
Authors: Marconi Kawin Padmaja , Megan Bhavithra , Venis Alen Major , Raj Renu , Subramani Sathya 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlpha adrenergic stimulation is known to produce vasoconstriction. We have earlier shown that, in spiral strips of small arteries Phenylephrine (PE) caused vasorelaxation under high nitric oxide (NO) environment. However on further experimentation it was realized that the PE-induced vasorelaxant response occurred only with longitudinal strips of small arteries even under normal NO environment while circular strips showed contraction with PE even under high NO environment. Such PE-induced vasorelaxation of longitudinal strips was blocked by Phentolamine, an alpha-adrenergic receptor blocker. On delineation of specific receptor subtype, PE-induced relaxation was found to be mediated through alpha 1D receptor. However, this phenomenon is specific to small artery, as longitudinal smooth muscle of aorta showed only contractile response to adrenergic stimulation. There is no prior report of longitudinal smooth muscle in small artery up to our knowledge. The results of this study and histological examination of vessel sections suggest the presence of longitudinal smooth muscle in small artery and their relaxant response to alpha adrenergic stimulation is a novel phenomenon.
Machine learning goes wild: Using data from captive individuals to infer wildlife behaviour
Authors: Rast W. , Kimmig S. E. , Giese L. , Berger A. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTRemotely tracking distinct behaviours of animals using acceleration data and machine learning has been carried out successfully in several species in captive settings. In order to study the ecology of animals in natural habitats, such behaviour classification models need to be transferred to wild individuals. However, at present the development of those models usually requires direct observation of the target animals.The goal of this study was to infer behaviour of wild, free roaming animals from acceleration data by training behaviour classification models on captive individuals, without the necessity to observe their wild conspecifics. We further sought to develop methods to validate the credibility of the resulting behaviour extrapolations.We trained two machine learning algorithms proposed by the literature, Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), on data from captive red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and later applied them to data from wild foxes. We also tested a new advance for behaviour classification, by applying a moving window to an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Finally, we investigated four strategies to validate our classification output.While all three machine learning algorithms performed well under training conditions, the established methods, RF and SVM, failed in classifying distinct behaviours when transferred from captive to wild foxes. Behaviour classification with the ANN and a moving window, in contrast, inferred distinct behaviours and showed consistent results for most individuals.Our approach is a substantial improvement over the methods previously proposed in the literature as it generated plausible results for wild fox behaviour. We were able to infer the behaviour of wild animals that have never been observed in the wild and to further illustrate the outputs credibility. This framework is not restricted to foxes but can be applied to infer the behaviour of many other species and thus empowers new advances in behavioural ecology.
Improving hospital patient flow: a systematic review
Authors: Gualandi Raffaella , Masella Cristina , Tartaglini Daniela 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Improving hospital patient flow has become a policy priority, to effectively balance the increasing demands of an unknown and variable volume of patients with limited available hospital resources. A systematic literature review was conducted in order to identify actions, actors involved and enablers in improving hospital patient flow. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
Searches were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE and The Cochrane Library for quantitative and qualitative empirical primary studies with patients (adults) receiving inpatient acute hospital care. The study protocol was based on PRISMA-P guidance. A critical appraisal of included studies was performed by using the Quality Improvement Minimum Quality Criteria Set.

Findings
In total, 38 key papers were identified. A wide range of actions are reported, but most studies focus on one or a few departments instead of a whole hospital. Process efficiency is most often used as a performance indicator, clinical outcomes are poorly analyzed, and patients’ expectations and experience are rarely considered. Top-management commitment and front-line staff involvement are considered key factors for the success of implementations. Patient involvement in the process improvement is rarely mentioned.

Originality/value
Achieving improvements in hospital patient flow requires the design and implementation of complex, multifaceted and coordinated interventions. This study may be of value to healthcare managers, helping them to act effectively in their context, and to researchers of future studies including the different variables and the patient’s perspective.
PSO-tuned support vector machine metamodels for assessment of turbulent flows in pipe bends
Authors: Narayanan Ganesh , Joshi Milan , Dutta Prasun , Kalita Kanak 
Published: December 2019

PurposeComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique is the most commonly used numerical approach to simulate fluid flow behaviour. Owing to its computationally, cost-intensive nature CFD models may not be easily and quickly deployable. In this regard, this study aims to present a support vector machine (SVM)-based metamodelling approach that can be easily trained and quickly deployed for carrying out large-scale studies.Design/methodology/approachRadial basis function and ε^*-insensitive loss function are used as kernel function and loss function, respectively. To prevent overfitting of the model, five-fold cross-validation root mean squared error is used while training the SVM metamodel. Rather than blindly using any SVM tuning parameters, a particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is used to fine-tune them. The developed SVM metamodel is tested using various error metrics on disjoint test data.FindingsUsing the SVM metamodel, a parametric study is conducted to understand the effect of various factors influencing the behaviour of the turbulent fluid flow in the pipe bend with CFD simulation data set. Based on the parametric study carried out, it is seen that the diametric position has the most effect on dimensionless axial velocity, whereas Reynolds number has the least effect.Originality/valueThis paper provides an effective PSO-tuned SVM metamodelling approach, which may be used as a significant cost-saving approach to quickly and accurately estimate fluid flow characteristics that, in general, require the use of expensive CFD models.
A smile – the key to everybody’s heart?
Authors: Pham Chi , Septianto Felix 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate how to improve the effectiveness of charitable advertising by matching emotional appeal (happy-faced vs sad-faced beneficiary) and message framing (recognition vs request) within advertising messages.

Design/methodology/approach
Two experiments examining real donation allocations were conducted. Study 1 established the “match-up” effect between advertising image and message. Study 2 replicated the findings of Study 1 as well as testing the mediating role of hope and sympathy.

Findings
The authors provide empirical evidence that consumers allocate a greater donation amount to a charity when they see an image of a sad-faced child combined with a request message (e.g. “please donate”), or an image of a happy-faced child combined with a recognition message (e.g. “thank you”). Notably, these effects are mediated by the emotions of hope and sympathy, respectively.

Research limitations/implications
This research highlights the importance of matching images of beneficiaries with the appropriate advertising copy. Depending on whether a charity seeks to position itself in a positive perspective to evoke hope, or alternatively, portray itself in relation to a sadder landscape that elicits sympathy, the respective choice of recognition or request messages can help boost donation outcomes.

Practical implications
Charities and non-profit organizations can develop more effective charitable advertising by purposively matching specific emotional appeals and message framings when designing advertisements.

Originality/value
The research illustrates a novel mechanism that shows when and how combining image and message can influence the effectiveness of charitable advertising.
“One country, two systems”: consumer acculturation of Hong Kong locals
Authors: Wang Jeff Jianfeng , Joy Annamma , Belk Russell , Sherry, Jr John F. 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine local consumers’ acculturation process as they observe, encounter and shop with an influx of outsiders.Design/methodology/approachThe multi-year qualitative study (involving in-depth interviews and netnography) investigates Hongkongers’ adaptation to encounters with Mainland Chinese shoppers in Hong Kong.FindingsThe authors focus on the world of luxury brand consumption, which plays a key role in signaling a newfound status for Mainlanders, and a change in identity construction for Hongkongers. Hongkongers’ acculturation process in response to large numbers of Mainland luxury shoppers includes emotional responses, behavioral adaptation and identity negotiation.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has theoretical implications for consumer acculturation theory.Practical implicationsThis research has managerial implications for consumers’ luxury consumption experiences.Originality/valueFirst, the authors extend the consumer acculturation literature by focusing on the adaptation of locals to visitors. Unlike other acculturation studies that focus on poorer immigrants from less industrial countries to a wealthy nation, the study focuses on local perspectives of elite Hong Kong consumers about Mainland Chinese visitors who are economically well-off but lack cultural capital. Second, emotions are found to be an important component of acculturation and their causes and consequences are analyzed.
Psychosocial hazards and work engagement in the Ghanaian banking sector
Authors: Tagoe Theophilus , Amponsah-Tawiah Kwesi 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe current happenings in the Ghana banking space and anecdotal evidence suggest that employees face psychosocial issues which impact their levels of work engagement. An intervention to manage these psychosocial hazards and promote work engagement among the employees is necessary. In effect, the study has proposed the promotion of a positive psychosocial safety climate (PSC) therein. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the moderating effect of PSC on the relationship between psychosocial hazards (i.e. work stress, workplace violence and workplace bullying) and work engagement.Design/methodology/approachThe study gathered quantitative data from six commercial banks. Miller and Brewer’s (2003) sample determination formula was used to calculate the sample. The stratified random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Questionnaires were used for the data collection, and Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyze the data from 543 usable responses.FindingsWorkplace bullying negatively predicted work engagement, whereas work stress and workplace violence had no significant effect on work engagement. PSC had a significant positive effect on work engagement. Furthermore, PSC only moderated the workplace bullying–work engagement relationship.Originality/valueBased on the findings, PSC can be a national and organizational intervention promoted to create a positive psychological work environment devoid of such psychosocial hazards in the Ghanaian banking sector. Also, this will foster work engagement among the employees which will culminate into increased productivity.
Will manufacturing investors go to border zones? The case of central Thailand
Authors: Bui Minh Tam Thi , Preechametta Arayah 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine effects of regional economic integration on the concentration of manufacturing firms in provinces of Thailand on the border with Cambodia. It aims to clarify the interactions between dispersion and agglomeration forces within a firm’s location choice in the presence of economic integration and thereby to explain the feasibility of the border SEZs.Design/methodology/approachThe theory of industrial clustering and New Economic Geography provides a theoretical framework to understand the locations of economic activities when regional economies are integrated. This paper employs provincial level data to calculate industry location quotients across a 10-year period from 2007 to 2017 in central Thailand and uses firm-level data from industrial censuses in 2006 and 2011 to estimate logit models for two border provinces with Cambodia and three eastern seaboard provinces. Two base models and extended models are tested to explain the persistent agglomeration of Thai firms in each manufacturing industry.FindingsThe authors found a positive correlation between the agglomeration level in 2006 and the choice of firms toward the border provinces in 2011. The disaggregated analysis shows that depending on the initial level of concentration in each industry, there can be agglomeration or dispersion effects. The advantage of low trade costs and labor costs of unskilled migrant workers are not significant factors attracting firms to the border. Firms in industries with increasing returns are more likely to stay in the hub.Practical implicationsThe disaggregated analysis by industry provides very important implications for SEZ policy interventions. The important role of agglomeration economies limits the extent to which such policies can be successful. It would be an enormous challenge for policy makers to initiate forces which are strong enough to induce firms to relocate away from areas with high agglomerations. Policy interventions with attractive incentives should be very selective to industries already have a certain degree of concentration in the provinces so as to reinforce the agglomeration effects.Originality/valueThe research extends the empirical literature on SEZs by offering a unique case study of an emerging economy with a strong market foundation rather than a transitional or developed economy. It is also different from other research on SEZs when taking into account the effects of regional integration on border SEZ formation and firms’ location choices. In addition, this study employs firm-level data rather than provincial data to bring empirical insights and fill in the knowledge gap on agglomeration economies in Thailand with the presence of regional economic integration.
Understanding continuance intention in traffic-related social media
Authors: Chen Jengchung Victor , Nguyen Trang , Oncheunjit Marissa 
Published: December 2019

PurposeRecent technological advances have led to the growing popularity of traffic-related social media platforms which facilitate drivers to easily share, consume and exchange traffic information instead of the traditional ways using TV or radio. By integrating the information systems success model, social capital theory and dedication-based commitment mechanism, the purpose of this paper is to examine the varying degree of effectiveness in maintaining user’s continuance intention between two different social media platforms for traffic information.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected through online questionnaires from two platforms. One is a multi-channel traffic information community that has been specialized in traffic information for many years and has adopted several kinds of social media to engage with its audience. The other is a community-based traffic application created to help people exchange and contribute traffic information with real-time navigation.FindingsThe findings show that the effects of satisfaction and affective commitment on continuance intention are stronger in the community-based traffic application while their antecedents play different roles in shaping satisfaction and affective commitment due to the nature and characteristics of these two groups.Originality/valueThis study will be the first attempt to understand what matters to users and what can retain users to routinely use a specific traffic-related social media platform in their daily lives. This is also one of the first empirical studies that examine both transactional and relational points of view on users’ continuance intention.
Partnering for change
Authors: MacLeod Martha L.P. , Hanlon Neil , Reay Trish , Snadden David , Ulrich Cathy 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Despite many calls to strengthen connections between health systems and communities as a way to improve primary healthcare, little is known about how new collaborations can effectively alter service provision. The purpose of this paper is to explore how a health authority, municipal leaders and physicians worked together in the process of transforming primary healthcare.

Design/methodology/approach
A longitudinal qualitative case study was conducted to explore the processes of change at the regional level and within seven communities across Northern British Columbia (BC), Canada. Over three years, 239 interviews were conducted with physicians, municipal leaders, health authority clinicians and leaders and other health and social service providers. Interviews and contextual documents were analyzed and interpreted to articulate how ongoing transformation has occurred.

Findings
Four overall strategies with nine approaches were apparent. The strategies were partnering for innovation, keeping the focus on people in communities, taking advantage of opportunities for change and encouraging experimentation while managing risk. The strategies have bumped the existing system out of the status quo and are achieving transformation. Key components have been a commitment to a clear end-in-view, a focus on patients, families, and communities, and acting together over time.

Originality/value
This study illuminates how partnering for primary healthcare transformation is messy and complicated but can create a foundation for whole system change.
Digital readiness assessment of Italian SMEs: a case-study research
Authors: Pirola Fabiana , Cimini Chiara , Pinto Roberto 
Published: December 2019

PurposeGiven the challenges that Industry 4.0 poses, the purpose of this paper is to propose a comprehensive assessment model suitable for evaluating small- and medium-size enterprises’ (SMEs) digital readiness levels, discuss the results of an assessment of 20 manufacturing SMEs using the proposed model and highlight priorities needed to undertake a successful journey towards Industry 4.0.Design/methodology/approachThe research adopts an empirical approach using multiple case studies. Starting with a literature review about maturity and readiness-assessment models for Industry 4.0, the study’s model has been built and validated through two pilot case studies, with the final model used in an extensive case studies research with 20 enterprises.FindingsThe SMEs used in this research present an intermediate readiness level with respect to Industry 4.0. They are aware of the phenomenon, but management is still taking the first steps towards identifying the most appropriate strategy to approach this Fourth Industrial Revolution. Companies need to exploit all opportunities that data availability provides in terms of knowledge creation and decision-making support, in all forms, through investments in people skills and expertise and through an infrastructure that can support data gathering, analysis and sharing.Originality/valueThe Italian industrial landscape comprises mainly SMEs, mostly needing support to understand their path towards Industry 4.0. Therefore, the proposed model specifically focuses on SMEs, given its modularity, ease of understanding and fit to SMEs’ organisational structure. Furthermore, insights from 20 Italian SMEs are examined, and a list of priorities is highlighted.
Turning points in tourism’s development: 1946-2095, a perspective article
Authors: Yeoman Ian , McMahon-Beattie Una 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This paper sets out to identify when, how and why tourism has changed from 1946 to 2020 using historical and future turning points.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the evolutionary paradigm from future studies and the authors’ expertise, this paper aims to provide a focussed review of the history of tourism to identify turning points drawing upon examples from Tourism Review that have transformed or will be of significance in the evolution of tourism.

Findings
This paper identifies three historical turning points which are mobility, Fordism and mass tourism and a modern-day leisure class. Three future turning points are identified including the political importance of tourism, footprint and transformational technologies.

Originality/value
By undertaking a historical analysis of the tourism literature, we can determine that Hobsbawm’s (1995, p. 46) proposition that “the future is a replication of the past” is true, as many of the debates about tourism from the past are relevant today and will be in the future. Thus, this paper identifies six turning points that are of significance to historians and futurists in understanding the evolution of tourism from 1946 to 2095.