bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteins encoded by genes involved in chromosomal alterations in lymphoma and leukemia: clinical value of their detection by immunocytochemistry
Authors: Falini Brunangelo , Mason David Y. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAcquired chromosomal anomalies (most commonly translocations) in lymphoma and leukemia usually result in either activation of a quiescent gene (by means of immunoglobulin or T-cell–receptor promotors) and expression of an intact protein product, or creation of a fusion gene encoding a chimeric protein. This review summarizes current immunocytochemical studies of these 2 categories of oncogenic protein, with emphasis on the clinical relevance of their detection in diagnostic samples. Among the quiescent genes activated by rearrangement, expression of cyclin D1 (due to rearrangement of theCCND1 [BCL-1] gene) is a near-specific marker of t(11;14) in mantle cell lymphoma; BCL-2 expression distinguishes follicular lymphoma cells from their nonneoplastic counterparts in reactive germinal centers and appears to be an independent prognostic marker in diffuse large cell lymphoma; andTAL-1 (SCL) expression identifies T-cell acute lymphoblastic neoplasms in which this gene is activated. The protein products of other genes activated by chromosomal rearrangement have a role as markers of either lineage (eg, PAX-5 [B-cell–specific activator protein] for B cells, including B-lymphoblastic neoplasms), or maturation stage (eg, BCL-6 for germinal-center and activated B cells and MUM-1/IRF4 for plasma cells). Currently, no hybrid protein encoded by fusion genes is reliably detectable by antibodies recognizing unique junctional epitopes (ie, epitopes absent from the wild-type constituent proteins). Nevertheless, staining for promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein will detect acute PML with t(15;17) because the microspeckled nuclear labeling pattern for PML-RARα is highly distinctive. Similarly, antibodies to the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase are valuable (because wild-type ALK is not found in normal lymphoid tissue) in detecting neoplasms (CD30-positive large T-cell lymphomas) with t(2;5) or its variants. Thus, immunocytochemical detection of the products of many rearranged genes in lymphoma and leukemia can be clinically informative and provide information on cellular and subcellular protein expression that cannot be inferred from studies based on messenger RNA.
Treatment Outcome and Survival Associated With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma of Non–Clear-Cell Histology
Authors: Motzer Robert J. , Bacik Jennifer , Mariani Tania , Russo Paul , Mazumdar Madhu , Reuter Victor 
Published: July 2002

PURPOSE: To define outcome data for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with histology other than clear-cell type, including collecting duct (or medullary carcinoma), papillary, chromophobe, and unclassified histologies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-four patients with metastatic non–clear-cell RCC histology were the subjects of this retrospective review. Included in the analysis were 22 (8%) of 286 patients from a clinical trials database, 19 of 1,166 patients from a surgery database, and 23 of 357 patients from a pathology database. RESULTS: The prevalent histology was collecting duct, present in 26 (41%) patients. The number of patients with chromophobe and papillary histologies was 12 (19%) and 18 (28%), respectively. Eight (12%) of the patients had tumors that could not be classified for specific tumor histology. Among the 43 patients treated with 86 systemic therapies, including 37 cytokine therapies, two patients (5%) were observed to have a partial response. The median overall survival time was 9.4 months (95% confidence interval, 8 to 14 months). The survival was longer for patients with chromophobe tumors compared with collecting duct or papillary histology, and this group included four patients with survival of greater than 3 years. CONCLUSION: RCC consists of a heterogeneous group of tumors including clear-cell, papillary, chromophobe, collecting duct, and unclassified cell types. Non–clear-cell histologies constitute less than 10% of patients in general populations of patients with advanced RCC treated on clinical trials. Metastatic non–clear-cell RCC is characterized by a resistance to systemic therapy and poor survival, with the survival for patients with chromophobe tumors longer than that for patients with metastatic collecting duct or papillary RCC. Treatment with novel agents on clinical trials is warranted.
An investigation of the effect of vibration duration on the evaluation of subjective responses to horizontal vibration
Authors: Hayashi Kentaro , Matsumoto Yasunao , Yokoshima Shigenori , Higashida Toyohiko 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate an evaluation method for building habitability based on subjective responses to vibrations caused by external sources. Twenty‐five individuals participated in the experiment, which involved 76 input stimulus conditions, including vibrations based on field records and sinusoidal vibrations in the horizontal direction. Subjective responses were measured in terms of “magnitude,” “concern,” and “discomfort,” The study compared several domestic and international evaluation methods for environmental vibrations with subjective responses, revealing that the vibration dose value, which accounts for the effect of vibration duration raised to the fourth power, was the most reasonable method.
Clinical validation of MR‐generated synthetic CT by MRCAT for brain tumor radiotherapy
Authors: Yip Tyrone Tsz Yeung , Li Zhichun , Li Tian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveMRI is an emerging modality in radiotherapy (RT). Accuracy synthetic CT is the prerequisite for implementing MR‐only RT planning. This study validated the commercial algorithm of MR for calculating attenuation (MRCAT) in terms of image quality and dosimetric agreement.MethodsBrain tumor cases with 18 treated using intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) or volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and 15 treated using stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) were analyzed. Synthetic CTs were resampled referencing planning CT. Treatment plan calculated on planning CT was recalculated on resampled MRCAT. Image quality of selected metrics and dosimetric agreements were assessed by dose‐volume‐histogram and 3D gamma analysis.ResultsFor IMRT/VMAT and SRS cases, mean error were 23.42 ± 1.05 and 28.39 ± 3.17 HU; mean absolute error were 38.03 ± 1.42 and 52.36 ± 2.63 HU; root mean squared error were 89.09 ± 6.65 and 108.38 ± 12.23 HU; peak signal‐to‐noise ratio were 29.11 ± 0.60 and 27.65 ± 0.59 dB; and structural similarity index measures were 0.88 ± 0.00 and 0.70 ± 0.01 respectively. No significant differences were identified for DVH metrics accounting the target coverage. Most OARs did not have significant dose deviation, except left lens with 0.70% higher in D‐mean after recalculation (p < 0.001). For criteria of 3 mm/3%, 2 mm/2%, and 1 mm/1%, gamma passing rates for IMRT/VMAT were 99.92%, 99.42%, and 96.47%, while SRS were 99.86%, 99.52%, and 97.57% respectively. Correlation between passing rate and image quality metrics was established in IMRT/VMAT cases, with higher similarity yield better dosimetric agreement between planning and synthetic CT.ConclusionThis study has validated the MRCAT for clinical use in terms of comparable image quality and dosimetric agreement with planning CT. Further case selection and MR‐compatible immobilization device would be required.
On the Stability Verification of Adaptive Uncertain and Coupled Dynamical Discrete‐Time Systems
Authors: Kurttisi Atahan , Aly Islam A. , Dogan K. Merve 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn the controlled uncertain coupled dynamical systems employing standard model reference adaptive methods, stability is guaranteed either under minimally coupled dynamics or negligible system uncertainties. Thus, significant uncertainties and coupled dynamics in an uncertain system can lead to instability. In recent papers, continuous‐time adaptive architectures are derived to compensate for uncertainties and coupled dynamics together. However, discretizing such algorithms doesn't guarantee the stability of the system directly since it complicates the Lyapunov analysis in discrete‐time. This makes it challenging to generalize successful continuous‐time adaptive control results to discrete‐time environments. Thus, this article includes the stability verification for adaptive uncertain and coupled dynamical discrete‐time systems and shows the efficacy of the novel controller over the standard ones through two illustrative examples.
Electron‐Beam‐Induced Adatom‐Vacancy‐Complexes in Mono‐ and Bilayer Phosphorene
Authors: Speckmann Carsten , Angeletti Andrea , Kývala Lukáš , Lamprecht David , Herterich Felix , Mangler Clemens , Filipovic Lado , Dellago Christoph , Franchini Cesare , Kotakoski Jani 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPhosphorene, a puckered 2D allotrope of phosphorus, has sparked considerable interest in recent years due to its potential especially for optoelectronic applications with its layer‐number‐dependant direct band gap and strongly bound excitons. However, detailed experimentalcharacterization of its intrinsic defects as well as its defect creation characteristics under electron irradiation are scarce. Here, the creation and stability of a variety of defect configurations under 60 kV electron irradiation in mono‐ and bilayer phosphorene are reported including the first experimental reports of stable adatom‐vacancy‐complexes. Displacement cross section measurements in bilayer phosphorene yield a value of 7.7 ± 1.4 barn with an estimated lifetime of adatom‐vacancy‐complexes of 19.9 ± 0.7 s, while some are stable for up to 68 s under continuous electron irradiation. Surprisingly, ab initio‐based simulations indicate that the complexes should readily recombine, even in structures strained by up to 3%. The presented results will help to improve the understanding of the wide variety of defects in phosphorene, their creation, and their stability, which may enable new pathways for defect engineered phosphorene devices.
Textile Electrodes for Electrocardiogram Monitoring
Authors: Zhou Wen , Zhang Lu , Zhang Jichao , Fu Shaohai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElectrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring is crucial for early diagnosis and timely treatment of cardiovascular diseases which are the major cause of global death, and it is of great significance but a long‐standing challenge to acquire the stability of signal quality while maintaining high comfort during ECG monitoring over a long time. Textile electrodes offer strong potential for applications in the long‐term monitoring of ECG signals due to gel‐free and dry characteristics compared with existing wet silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) gelled electrodes. Therefore, the last few years have witnessed the rapid development of textile ECG electrodes which are further accelerated by the booming researches on wearable electronics. Herein, a review of recent advances in textile electrodes for ECG monitoring with a focus on advanced material designs and construction technologies is presented. First, comprehensive considerations of ECG monitoring with textile electrodes are provided. Subsequently, the fabrication technologies for high‐performance textile ECG electrodes are highlighted. Finally, particular emphases are placed on the current challenges and future opportunities of textile electrodes for ECG monitoring.
Terahertz Metamaterial Sensors: Design Theory, Optimization Approach, and Advancements in Biosensing Applications
Authors: Cao Lei , Jia Shanshan , Meng Fanqi , Richter Merle , Loth Yannik , Wigger Anna Katharina , Yang Chenglin , Zhang Liuyang , Bolívar Peter Haring , Roskos Hartmut G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetamaterials (MMs), distinguished by their unique electromagnetic properties, offer significant advantages in the realm of terahertz (THz) biosensing and early disease diagnosis. The intense electric field confined within subwavelength volumes in metallic MMs enhances the interaction between light and analytes. The Q‐factor, sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) are three critical direct parameters for quantitative evaluation of sensor performance. Researchers are pursuing enhancement of these parameters by optimal design of MMs structures and dimensions as well as proper choice of materials. Recently, dielectric perturbation theory is quantitatively calculated and successfully utilized in the design and optimization of THz MMs sensors. Guided by this theory, this review focuses on the design principle of THz MMs sensors, the various study on how to improve the fundamental parameters of THz MMs sensors, the specific application in biosensing including the functionalization process, and the fabrication of THz MMs sensors. Based on these methods and results, the future development of THz sensors is finally presented in a perspective view.
Significantly Enhanced Piezoelectricity of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) via Orienting Nanobound State Ions
Authors: Ye Zhiwei , Yi Juan , Zhang Yibo , Xiong Chuanxi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPoly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) demonstrates great potential for applications in flexible sensing and energy harvesting but the piezoelectric coefficient is less than 30 pm V−1 even with the full beta phase. Herein, an all‐organic composite of PVDF with ionic liquid (IL) is manufactured through stretching, constrained annealing, and polarization. The DFT and XPS indicate strong ionic dipole interactions between PVDF and IL, favoring the orientation and crystallization of PVDF. Surprisingly, the nanobound states ions achieve orientation in different physical fields, providing ionic dipole enhances the piezoelectricity of the composite films, confirmed by variable temperature dielectric properties, FTIR and XRD. An inverse piezoelectric coefficient of 51.8 pm V−1, obtained from PVDF containing 0.75 wt.% IL, improved by 116% compared to commercial PVDF (≈24 pm V−1). This work presents a novel composite strategy for the fabrication of high piezoelectric flexible polymers.
Nano‐Micro Granular Ink with Modulatable Structure and Function Modules for Wound Dressing Preparation via 3D Printing
Authors: Wang Tao , Niu Dawei , Fang Haowei , Pan Haiyang , Zhang Kunxi , Cui Haiyan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFor porous dressing production through 3D printing, it is challenging to adjust the printability of ink while balancing its bioactivity. The present study introduces an example of a modular construction method for heterogeneous granular ink. Gelatin microspheres (gelatin‐MSs) are assembled by poly (gallic acid)‐coated zinc‐containing nano‐hydroxyapatite (ZnHA‐NP/p(GA)), and further cooperate with Ag+ to form a kind of granular inks. The three modules including gelatin‐MS, ZnHA‐NP/p(GA), and Ag have their own functions: The viscoelastic gelatin‐MS module is the essential component that realizes ink extrusion. The ZnHA‐NP/p(GA) module not only forms reversible interactions with gelatin‐MS that realize the assembly but also takes the responsibility of reactive oxygen species‐scavenging and anti‐inflammatory. The Ag module not only interacts with ZnHA‐NP/p(GA) module to promote the stability but also exhibits strong antibacterial property. The gelatin‐MS size, p(GA)‐coating duration, ZnHA‐NP/p(GA) content, and Ag content are optimized to yield a nano‐micro granular ink for bioactive porous dressing preparation that is used to significantly promote the healing of refractory wounds. Therefore, this method allows particles with different structures and bio‐functions that serve as modules to assemble into inks, realizing the balance of printability and biological functions for dressing manufacturing.
A Review of Advanced Processing Technologies for Birefringent Cellulosic Anti‐Counterfeiting Materials
Authors: Lv Jin , Li Xinkai , Zhang Xinxing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNanocellulose (NCs), the most abundant natural resource, has birefringence when aligned in order, and the resulting materials are of unique optical properties, showing great potential in sustainable anti‐counterfeiting. However, the difficulty in processing, due to the strong hydrogen‐bond interactions between hydroxyl groups, places severe restrictions on the application of NCs. Nowadays, many efforts have been devoted to addressing this problem and there are various novel processing technologies, such as phase transition‐induced self‐assembly, 3D printing, in situ curing of oriented hydrogel, and advanced melt‐processing. Cellulose nanocrystal is taken as the typical example in this review to introduce advanced processing technologies for cellulosic anti‐counterfeiting materials, given its outstanding birefringent characteristic than other NCs. In this review, the trends, challenges, and solutions in the processing of cellulosic anti‐counterfeiting materials are included, focusing on their design mechanism and fabricating strategy. Finally, application prospects and perspectives for the development of green processing technologies with extensive production scale are presented.
Ultrastable and Quick Response UV Photodetector by High Crystalline Orientation Wurtzite/Zinc‐Blende GaN Superlattice
Authors: Zhang Jingyang , Wang Jiaxing , Fan Jinglin , Wang Chao , Guo Zening , Zheng Kun , Wang Ru‐Zhi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract1D gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires (NWs) can combine the intriguing properties of 1D materials with the wide bandgap nature of GaN materials. In this study, a type of high crystalline orientation wurtzite (WZ)/zinc‐blende (ZB) superlattice (SL) NWs is synthesized for the first time to the knowledge, which special structure can be also demonstrated by first‐principles calculation. The proposed GaN SL NWs UV PD demonstrates pronounced photoelectric performances working in a self‐powered mode, including a large responsivity (23.72 mA W−1), a high specific detectivity (4.4167 × 1011 Jones), and a fast response speed (rise/decay time of 0.76/0.8 ms, significantly better than most of the gallium series NWs photodetectors reported so far). And the PD also exhibits excellent stability, enabling the photocurrent to remain largely consistent over a period of 18 months, which photoelectric current decay rate is less than 1%/year. These outstanding performance of WZ/ZB GaN SL NWs may be benefited from more stable structure and their diverse electronic channeling of GaN SL surface distributed gold quantum dots compared to that of pure WZ or ZB phase GaN. This research shows WZ/ZB GaN SL NWs' exceptional UV PD performance and new insights into their electronic structures for device applications.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Acyl and Thiocyano Pyridylation of Alkenes with Aldehyde and NH4SCN
Authors: Wang Xu , Jiang Qi‐Xuan , Xiao Bi‐Yin , Huang Wei , Zhang Feng‐Hua 
Published: December 2024

Abstractβ‐pyridinyl ketones and β‐pyridinyl thiocyanates are commonly used as an essential organic synthesis intermediate and widely present in various drug molecules and bioactive molecules. Herein, a photoredox catalyzed acyl and thiocyano pyridylation of alkenes with aldehydes and NH4SCN via HAT and SET strategy respectively is described. This protocol employs more readily accessible aldehydes and NH4SCN as radical precursors under redox‐neutral conditions. Moreover, high atom economy, simple and accessible starting materials, late‐stage modification and wide substrate scope including primary, secondary alkyl aldehydes and aromatic aldehydes enable the potential application in the organic synthesis.
Soft Electronic Switches and Adaptive Logic Gates Based on Nanostructured Gold Networks
Authors: Nadalini Giacomo , Dallinger Alexander , Sottocorno Davide , Greco Francesco , Borghi Francesca , Milani Paolo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe advent of neuromorphic substrates is promoting the development of in materia autonomous and adaptive devices, employed as hardware solutions to reduce the current inefficiencies of traditional data processing techniques, in terms of energy requirements. The integration of data processing capabilities on soft materials is here focused on the development of the edge computing paradigm of interest for soft robotics and wearable devices. For such purposes, gold nanostructured complex networks produced in the gas phase are employed to fabricate neuromorphic devices. The integration of the latter on a soft Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate equipped with stretchable laser‐induced graphene electrodes, is exploited for the production of in materia devices to bridge the gap between data processing and interaction with the environment. The description and the control of the non‐linear, resistive switching electrical properties are demonstrated by the development of soft mechano‐responsive electronic switches and soft reconfigurable logic gates. These preserve Boolean functions classifications even under small mechanical perturbations, thanks to the redundant and adaptive connectivity of the gold networks. These results constitute a promising starting point for a fruitful combination of physical and computing intelligence directly integrated on soft systems to efficiently interact with the surrounding scenario.
Root and shoot biomass and nutrient composition of winter rye cover crop following corn and soybean
Authors: Patel Swetabh , Singh Arshdeep , Sawyer John E. , Lundvall John P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWinter cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), a commonly used cover crop in corn (Zea mays L.) systems, has potential to scavenge soil NO3–N through a fibrous root system. This study aimed to quantify root and shoot biomass, carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) partitioning in rye cover crop at the time of termination in spring. This was a 1‐year study conducted at a site with a no‐till corn–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation, rye drilled following grain crop harvest, and three N rates applied to corn (0, 135, and 225 kg N ha−1, respectively). Rye root biomass to 60‐cm depth following corn and 30‐cm depth following soybean was estimated using ingrowth tubes installed in the fall after rye seeding and removed at the time of rye termination in the spring. For rye, 48% and 62% of the total root biomass were present in the top 15‐cm depth, following corn and soybean, respectively. Overall, the shoot biomass, C, and N were significantly greater than for roots, with approximately two times more shoot than root material and only 33%–36% of total plant C and 17%–18% of total plant N in the root biomass. The C:N ratio of root biomass was consistently high (47–52) and at least double that of the shoot (16–23). With high C, low N, and high C:N ratio of the rye roots, inorganic‐N from soil or degrading shoot biomass could be immobilized with root degradation and reduce potential N recycling.