bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CARACTERIZAÇÃO MICROESTRUTURAL EM CHAPAS NOVAS E DESMANTELADAS DO AÇO ASTM A131 GRAU A PARA REUTILIZAÇÃO NAVAL
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigues Tatiane , Muniz Posso Millena , Hudson Martins de Vasconcelos Charles , Ferreira Werner Heitor , Gurova Tetyana 
Published: December 2024

Um navio é construído para operar de 20 a 30 anos. O descomissionamento de navios é o ato de encerrar a operação de uma embarcação. O desmantelamento é o ato de fazer o desmonte da embarcação descomissionada. O aço provindo do desmantelamento é vendido como sucata ou pode ser reutilizado para outros fins. Nesse contexto, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar uma junta soldada via MAG de chapas provindas de sucata naval. A Fluorescência de raios X (FRX) mostrou que o material recebido estava de acordo com a norma para o aço carbono ASTM A131. Posterior ao processo de soldagem as microestruturas resultantes na junta soldada foram ferrita acicular, ferrita de contorno de grão, ferrita de Widmanstatten e martensita na Zona Fundida; ferrita, ferrita poligonal e bainita granular na Zona Termicamente Afetada; e perlita com ferrita no Metal Base. A dureza dessas regiões foi congruente com as fases constituintes delas. Com os resultados obtidos dentro do esperado, confirmou-se a contingência de soldagem da sucata naval pelo processo MAG para fins de reutilização em novas embarcações.
INSTALAÇÃO DA COMISSÃO DE HETEROIDENTIFICAÇÃO NOS CURSOS DE DIREITO E MEDICINA DA UFAM, 2019 – 2020
Authors: Lima Fábio Souza Correa , Cavalcante Gama Fernanda 
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar o papel das Ações Afirmativas (AAs) e o contexto de instalação da Comissão de Heteroidentificação da Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM), mais especificamente, nos cursos de Direito e Medicina entre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Com uma natureza descritiva e um procedimento exploratório no desenvolvimento da pesquisa, nos apoiamos em uma abordagem crítica no contato com denúncias de fraudes por meio de jornais e de redes sociais no período em tela. Por esse caminho, destacamos os eventos relacionados a promoção das políticas públicas de atendimento às cotas raciais e buscamos contribuir para a garantia de adequada aplicação da lei n.º 12.711/12 na universidade.
O MYTHOS E A IMAGINAÇÃO NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA: EXPERIMENTANDO SENTIDOS
Authors: Oliveira Yomara , Melo de Oliveira Paulo Rogério , Kraemer Marciano 
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir o uso do mito e da tragédia como faculdade da imaginação histórica no ensino de História, a partir de uma experiência transdisciplinar realizada em uma escola pública de Balneário Camboriú (SC). O mito de Prometeu, narrado por Hesíodo, e a tragédia Prometeu Acorrentado, de Ésquilo, foram os recursos narrativos que utilizamos para imaginar noções de tempo significativas e alternativas ao tempo linear, racional e cronológico. Fundamentamos a experiência nas aulas de história e as reflexões nas proposições Jörn Rüsen sobre o lugar da imaginação na composição da narrativa histórica e nas reflexões de Paul Ricouer sobre os sentidos da história. O uso da imaginação, quando potencializada pela criatividade das narrativas míticas, pode ser um meio de transposição do conceito do tempo linear e estimular a imaginação de tempos-mundos éticos e diversos.
Cherubism: an incidental finding
Authors: Parmar Nidhi , Webb Gabriella , Dhariwal Daljit , Damato Stephen 
Published: December 2024

Cherubism is a skeletal dysplasia limited to the maxilla and mandible, affecting children and adolescents. A 13-year-old male patient was referred to the Oxford University Hospitals Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, by his orthodontist, following an incidental finding of bilateral multilocular radiolucencies of the mandible. This led to multiple clinical, radiographic, histopathological, genetic and biochemical investigations involving various medical and dental specialities. The multidisciplinary approach led to the successful management of this patient. Even though cherubism is self-limiting, long-term radiographic and clinical surveillance is required. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentists should understand the clinico-radiographic presentation of cherubism and have an awareness of how the possible functional and aesthetic complications associated with the condition are managed.
Patient-reported hope and its predicting factors in malignant and non-malignant chronic illness: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rochmawati Erna , Berliana Fany Riska , Wisdaningrum Helen Octavira , Paramastri Anindita 
Published: December 2024

Background: Hope is important to patients with a life-limiting illness. Identifying factors that influence hope is important. However, little research has been undertaken to understand patient-reported hope in malignant and non-malignant chronic disease. Aim: This research aimed to determine hope level and its influencing factors in patients with malignant and non-malignant illness in advanced stages. Methods: A total of 155 patients with malignant and non-malignant illness participated in this cross-sectional study. Data was collected on sociodemographic, disease characteristics and measures of hope. Hope was assessed using the validated Herth Hope Index (HHI). Multiple linear regression models were used to determine associations of identified factors with the patient's level of hope. This paper adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Findings: A total of 155 patients were enrolled (mean age=54.4±10.97 years, 60% female and 54.8.% were diagnosed with chronic kidney disease and the mean duration of illness was 35.61±3.192 months. Patients had an average HHI score of 35.52 (range 26–46), were in the medium range of the HHI as specified by Herth to be 24–35. Patients who were younger and had completed higher education had a higher level of hope. These variables explained a total of 11.6% of the variation in hope. Conclusions: The level of hope was not optimal, and still needs to be improved further. Thus, nurses and other healthcare professionals should pay special attention to older patients, patients with a low-education level and support them to have a positive attitude.
Gain performance of Nd-doped fiber in the range of 1050–1140  nm
Authors: Lin Zhiquan , Wang Shikai , Cui Shuzhen , Chen Yinggang , Guo Mengting , Wang Meng , Wang Yafei , Zhang Lei , Yu Chunlei , Hu Lili 
Published: December 2024

In this work, we present the gain characteristics of a Nd-doped fiber (NDF) obtained through fiber amplification. The NDFs used include a highly doped 30/125 fiber and a low-doped 20/125 fiber. It was found that the gain spectrum range of the NDF can cover 1050–1140 nm. The main gain region was 1060–1135 nm, providing over 500 times small-signal amplification, with the laser peak energy ratio reaching 80% or more. At the long-wavelength edge of 1140 nm with a 50 mW seed injection, a 2.5 W output can be obtained, corresponding to an amplification factor of 50. The excellent gain performance will greatly change our traditional impressions of NDF and provide new insights for research on high-gain fiber materials in 1.1 µm fiber lasers.
Sero-prevalence of human brucellosis and associated factors among febrile patients attending Moyale Primary Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2023: Evidences from pastoralist community
Authors: Sileshi Betrearon , Gizaw Seifu , Merkeb Belay , Bekele Tadesse , Tadesse Wuletaw , Kezali Jafer , Tesfaye Endalu , Ayele Angefa 
Published: December 2024

Background
Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease often contracted through contact with animals and consumption of unpasteurized dairy products. Despite being the most common cause of non-malarial acute febrile illness brucellosis is often misdiagnosed in healthcare setups. The global incidence of Brucella infection is reported to be over 2 million cases annually. In Ethiopia, there are varying reports on the prevalence of brucellosis, and just a few researches have been undertaken on the prevalence among febrile patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine sero-prevalence of human brucellosis and associated factors among febrile patients attending Moyale Primary Hospital in southern Ethiopia.

Methods
Cross-sectional study was conducted on 293 febrile patients attending Moyale Primary Hospital. We used convenience sampling technique. Blood specimen was collected and screened for Brucella antibody using Rose-Bengal plate test and ELISA was used for confirmation of Brucella infection. We used a questionnaire to collect socio-demographic data and to assess associated factors (S1 Table). Bivariate and subsequent multivariable logistic regression was performed to explore associated factors with the prevalence of human brucellosis.

Results
The sero-prevalence of human brucellosis in this study was 13% (95% CI: 9.5, 16.5). Majority of the study participants (58.7%) were rural dwellers; 54.6% were male and the age range was from 5 to 80 years (mean = 24.17, SD = ±15.9). Higher number of sero-prevalence was seen among rural residents (19.8%) and male participants (14.40%). Drinking unpasteurized camel milk (AOR = 11.62, 95% CI: 3.85, 17.13; P = 0.000) and rural residence (AOR = 7.21, 95% CI: 2.48, 15.90; P = 0.000) were significantly associated with brucellosis. Consumption of pasteurized milk was shown to have protective effect (AOR = 6.12, 95% CI: 1.26, 29.76; P = 0.025) against brucellosis.

Conclusion
The current study showed 13% point prevalence of human brucellosis among febrile patients attending Moyale Primary Hospital. Consuming unpasteurized milk, particularly unpasteurized camel milk, and rural residence was significantly associated with Brucella infection. Awareness creation about the zoonotic nature of brucellosis and the role of unpasteurized milk in the transmission of the disease is important to control human brucellosis.
The evidence supporting AHA guidelines on adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
Authors: Junedahl Emma , Lundgren Peter , Andersson Erik , Gupta Vibha , Råmunddal Truls , Rawshani Aidin , Rawshani Araz , Riva Gabriel , Arnetorp Ida , Hessulf Fredrik , Herlitz Johan , Djärv Therese 
Published: December 2024

Background
Guidelines for the management of cardiac arrest play a crucial role in guiding clinical decisions and care. We examined the strength and quality of evidence underlying these recommendations in order to elucidate strengths and gaps in knowledge.

Methods
Using the 2020 American Heart Association (AHA) Guidelines for Adult CPR, we subdivided all recommendations into advanced life support (ALS), basic life support (BLS), and recovery after cardiac arrest, as well as a more granular categorization by topic (i.e. the intervention or evaluation recommended). The Class of Recommendation (COR) and Level of Evidence (LOE) for each were reviewed. Additionally, we reviewed the 2023 guidelines to ensure the inclusion of the most recent updates.

Results
We noted 254 recommendations, of which 181 were ALS, 69 were BLS, and 4 were recovery after resuscitation. In total, only 2 (1%) had the most robust evidence (LOE A), while 23% were at LOE B-NR (Non-Randomized), 15% at LOE B-R (Randomized), 50% at LOE C-LD (Limited Data), and 12% relied on expert opinion LOE C-EO (Expert Opinion). Despite the strength of ALS recommendations (Class 1, 2a, or 2b), none had LOE A. In BLS, no recommendations were supported by LOE A. For BLS, 7% of recommendations had LOE C (C-LD or C-EO). The evidence for specific BLS topics, such as airway management, was notably low. Among ALS topics, neurological prognostication had relatively stronger evidence.

Conclusions
Only 26 out of the 81 COR 1 recommendations (32%) were supported by LOE A or B, indicating a strong discrepancy between the strength of recommendation and the underlying evidence in cardiac arrest guidelines. The findings underscore a pressing need for more rigorous research, particularly randomized trials.
Multiple mini-interviews as admission process: A study on perception of health science students in Universiti Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Alam Faiza , Az-Zahraa Fatimah , Idris Fazean , Rahman Hanif Abdul 
Published: December 2024

Background
As multiple mini-interviews (MMI) have grown in popularity in selecting applicants to health science programmes, it is essential to comprehend students’ views towards MMI and its usefulness in the admissions process. The study aims to explore students’ perceptions on the usefulness and satisfaction of the MMI as an admission process into the health science programmes offered in Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD).

Methods
A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all Year 1 and 2 health sciences students in the university. For qualitative data, the responses obtained from the answers to the open-ended questions were analyzed manually using thematic analysis. Open coding was performed initially to identify words with similar meanings, recurring patterns and ideas. Focus coding was performed to group codes which sounded and felt similar. Themes were formulated and then reviewed. Descriptive statistics and univariate analysis were applied.

Results
127 students participated in this study (53.4% response rate). 38.6% underwent the online MMI and 61.4% had the face-to-face MMI. 81% of participants agreed that the MMI was a fair assessment tool (81%), with adequate time allocated (91%), provided opportunity to demonstrate understanding of the profession (81%), and to express themselves (81%) but only 27% agreed that MMI was an enjoyable experience. No statistically significant differences were detected by gender. Those who did online MMI (89%) reported higher opportunity to express themselves, where 80% agreed it was an effective tool to assess selection of students in the health science profession. Univariate analysis revealed that male participants (42%) and those who did the online MMI (40%) were slightly more satisfied than those who did it onsite.

Conclusion
Student perception is important for MMIs because it provides valuable insights into the effectiveness and fairness of the interview process. Study participants’ perceptions of the MMI were positive, with objective reports on its fairness, timing, and feasibility but felt unprepared for the interview process and less enjoyable. Online MMI is favoured more by participants who rated it higher effectiveness and adequate timing with a better understanding of stations.
Exploring perceptions and experiences of gender-based violence among women in a refugee camp setting in Uganda—A qualitative study
Authors: Lukasiak Miriam , Palmieri Jack , Svensson Pia , Tumwine Gilbert , Agardh Anette 
Published: December 2024

Background
Gender-based violence (GBV) is an internationally widespread human rights and public health issue, known to be exacerbated and underreported in humanitarian settings and among conflict-affected populations. A combination of factors including increased vulnerability, lack of protection and marginalization are believed to increase the risk for GBV in settings such as displacement and refugee camps. An increased understanding of GBV in these populations is needed to inform and improve future policy changes and interventions. This qualitative study sought to explore women’s perceptions and experiences of GBV in a refugee camp setting in Uganda to increase the understanding of the dynamics and risk contexts of GBV in the context of displacement and refugee camps.

Methods
This was a qualitative study based on individual semi-structured interviews and content analysis. The interviews were conducted during October 2023 with women living in a refugee camp setting in Western Uganda. The participants (N = 13) included female refugees, residing in the refugee camp, above eighteen years of age and who were survivors of GBV.

Results
Findings showed no easy escape route from gender-based violence, with a high exposure to GBV throughout the refugee experience. The nature of GBV, the perpetrators and risk contexts however seemed to shift throughout the process from conflict to the refugee camp. Increased marginalization and lack of resources compounded by a shift in gender roles in the refugee camp where women seemed to assume the role of the primary provider increased the risk of violence in pursuit of basic needs. Women described extensive intimate partner violence (IPV) in the camp often connected to new gendered power dynamics and the control of resources. Faced with the struggles of migration, marginalization, and GBV, women displayed various coping mechanisms including rebuilding networks and support systems.

Conclusions
Our study showed the complexity of GBV in settings such as refugee camps, where various structural and individual changes involved in migration and life in a refugee camp seemed to create new risk contexts for GBV both inside and outside of the household. Interventions across various dimensions including addressing underlying conditions of marginalization and gendered power dynamics are therefore warranted to address GBV in refugee camps. Further research is essential to better understand this complex issue, as well as the perception and effectiveness of services and interventions in place.
Conflictividad social e ideas políticas en las páginas de la revista mensual La Actividad Humana (Paraná, 1901–1902)
Authors: Musich Walter Nelson 
Published: December 2024

Mientras en Europa se estaba constituyendo el campo de la sociología académica, luego de 1890, en la Argentina las profundas y vertiginosas transformaciones sociales y culturales generadas por el proceso de modernización, la gran inmigración y el crecimiento y complejidad de las poblaciones urbanas, pusieron la «cuestión social» y particularmente los temas vinculados al mundo del trabajo y de los trabajadores, en un orden prioritario tanto para el Estado como para el ambiente intelectual, y al interior de este último la proliferación de estudios y ensayos literarios que irán abriendo camino a un campo sociológico autónomo, científico e institucionalizado. En esta línea pueden inscribirse una serie de artículos que abordan la emergencia en los sectores obreros nacionales y locales, de ideas y prácticas adjudicadas al socialismo revolucionario y al anarquismo; publicados en una importante revista de temas de interés general editada en la ciudad de Paraná entre 1901 y 1904 y denominada La Actividad Humana.
Este trabajo presenta en primer lugar una caracterización general del saber sociológico en la Argentina entre finales del siglo XIX y comienzos del siglo XX, enfatizando en la importancia del positivismo como episteme dominante en el período. A continuación, da cuenta brevemente de la incidencia de las ideologías libertarias y sus diferentes formas de expresión y organización en los primeros años del siglo XX en el país, cuando se manifiesta un crecimiento sustancial de la conflictividad social; para lo cual se hace referencia a autores reconocidos que han hecho algunos de los más importantes aportes a la historia de la clase obrera en la Argentina y a sus expresiones políticas, culturales e ideológicas. Dando así un marco teórico e histórico comprensivo, se avanza con la presentación y análisis de los artículos seleccionados de La Actividad Humana, las particulares lecturas que sus autores hacen de un asumido tiempo de crisis, la presencia del conflicto, de su politización, y los peligros de este escenario respecto al orden social. Se advierte al lector que el objetivo de este trabajo ha sido registrar una primera lectura de la fuente y que no se hallará en él un ejercicio de profundización y discusión teórica ni un exhaustivo relevamiento bibliográfico sobre el tema.
Squirrel search algorithm-support vector machine: Assessing civil engineering budgeting course using an SSA-optimized SVM model
Authors: He Yanqing , Shi Ling , Yao Xiaoqin , Zhang Haojie , Al-Barakati Abdullah A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the field of civil engineering education, accurately evaluating the effectiveness of budget courses is crucial. However, traditional methods of evaluation tend to be cumbersome and subjective. In recent years, machine learning technology has demonstrated immense potential in educational evaluation. Nevertheless, in practical application, the machine learning-based evaluation model for civil engineering budget courses faces the predicament of inadequate evaluation accuracy. To solve this problem, the squirrel search algorithm technology was used to establish support vector machine parameters and create optimization algorithms. The performance of the proposed optimization algorithm was tested, and the results showed that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm was 0.927, which was better than similar prediction algorithms. Then, the empirical analysis of the proposed civil engineering budget course evaluation model showed that student satisfaction and student examination scores had increased to 92 and 94 points, respectively. The above results reveal that the proposed optimization algorithm and course evaluation model have good performance. Therefore, the implementation of the proposed curriculum evaluation method can significantly improve the learning efficiency of students and the teaching quality of civil engineering budgeting methods courses.
Aberrant right subclavian artery: the importance of distinguishing between isolated and non-isolated cases in prenatal diagnosis and clinical management
Authors: Montero Carreras Claudia , Cortés Olivera Berta , Saiz-Vivó Raquel , Ferrer Menduiña Queralt , Garcia Martínez Sandra , Rodríguez Pérez M. A. , Rodríguez Melcón Alberto , Prats Rodriguez Pilar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the association of aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) with genetic abnormalities and postnatal symptomatology, by comparing isolated and non-isolated ARSA cases.

Methods
Retrospective, descriptive and comparative study involving fetuses diagnosed with ARSA during routine fetal ultrasound scans, between 19 and 40 weeks, in a tertiary referral university hospital in Barcelona from January 2007 to December 2023.

Results
Out of 154 fetuses diagnosed with ARSA, 75.3 % (116) were classified as isolated cases, while 24.7 % (38) had associated structural anomalies. Non-invasive prenatal testing with cell-free DNA was performed in 27.3 % (42) of cases, yielding low-risk results in 96.6 %, with only one case of trisomy 21 detected. Genetic evaluation was pursued in 15.6 % (24) of cases, revealing abnormalities in three fetuses: one with trisomy 21 and two with 22q11 deletion. All affected fetuses had associated structural defects. Overall, 151 fetuses survived after birth, there were two terminations of pregnancy and one stillbirth. Mild symptoms at birth were observed in 1.9 % (3) of newborns, all from the non-isolated ARSA group.

Conclusions
These findings emphasize the significance of distinguishing between isolated and non-isolated ARSA cases in prenatal diagnosis and clinical management, suggesting that isolated ARSA may be considered a normal vascular variation.