bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Cloud‐Top Property Retrievals From Advanced Himawari Imager, MODIS, CloudSat/CPR, CALIPSO/CALIOP, and Radiosonde
Authors: Liu Chian‐Yi , Chiu Chi‐Hao , Lin Po‐Hsiung , Min Min 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe information on cloud properties and microphysical characteristics is critical for environmental research and application, such as that on weather, climate, hydrology, and green energy and Earth energy budget. The launch of the new‐generation geostationary satellite, for example, the Japanese Himawari‐8, enables retrieval of cloud information through multichannel observation. To confirm the retrievals from the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) onboard Himawari‐8 (Himawari‐8/AHI), this study accessed the cloud retrievals from AHI and compare them against those obtained from spaceborne passive and active sensors on the low Earth orbit satellites, such as NASA's CloudSat, Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO). The atmospheric thermodynamic state from in situ radiosonde provides another dimension for evaluating the retrieved cloud‐top temperature and height, which were obtained and analyzed during two research cruises over the South China Sea during monsoon onset season with large cloud variability to ensure the comprehensive intercomparisons. The findings show that the cloud‐top altitude, cloud optical thickness, and cloud effective particle radius retrieved from AHI are consistent with passive Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. Furthermore, both spaceborne active Cloud Priofiling Radar (CPR) and Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) data confirm the low uncertainty of cloud‐top altitude, particularly when the cloud is optically thick. Large cloud‐top altitude discrepancy among these data in the optically thin cloud might be due to the limited AHI spectral channels or instrumental spatial resolutions. The cloud‐top temperature and altitudes in either liquid or ice phase cloud agree well with collocated sounding profiles, with low difference of 1 K and 170 m, respectively.
Response of In‐Stream Wood to Riparian Timber Harvesting: Field Observations and Long‐Term Projections
Authors: Reid David A. , Hassan Marwan A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn‐stream large wood (LW) is a prominent feature of forested aquatic ecosystems worldwide, yet many questions remain regarding the response of LW patterns to riparian timber harvesting. This paper proposes a conceptual model of wood storage response to harvesting and combines a unique 45 year record of LW with output from a wood budget model to examine changes in LW characteristics and long‐term impacts from riparian logging. The wood budget model is used to predict the timing of minimum storage and assess storage recovery time scales under three scenarios representing different spatial harvest patterns and harvest severity. The impact of harvesting is reflected in the field data: Reductions in wood volume and the loss of large logjams were apparent in channel areas adjacent to logged zones, but wood volume changed less where a riparian buffer was retained. Results from the budget model indicate that impacts from timber harvesting are projected to continue beyond 150 years while riparian forests recover. Minimum modeled LW loads are projected to be nearly 50% lower than preharvest conditions, and minimums occur 50 to 80 years postharvest, depending on the influence of LW transport and proximity to harvesting. In evaluating the conceptual model, harvesting configuration and severity are not found to greatly impact time to minimum storage and recovery, but do impact the magnitude of LW losses. Similar to other studies, these findings indicate that riparian harvesting has an impact beyond the century scale, with major implications for stream channel functionality and aquatic habitat.
The Roles of Climate Forcing and Its Variability on Streamflow at Daily, Monthly, Annual, and Long‐Term Scales
Authors: Yao Lili , Libera Dominic A. , Kheimi Marwan , Sankarasubramanian A. , Wang Dingbao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe temporal variability of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration affects streamflow from daily to long‐term scales, but the relative roles of different climate variabilities on streamflow at daily, monthly, annual, and mean annual scales have not been systematically investigated in the literature. This paper developed a new daily water balance model, which provides a unified framework for water balance across timescales. The daily water balance model is driven by four climate forcing scenarios (observed daily climate and observed daily climate with its intra‐monthly, intra‐annual, and inter‐annual variability removed) and applied to 78 catchments. Daily streamflow from the water balance model is aggregated to coarser timescales. The relative roles of intra‐monthly, intra‐annual, and inter‐annual climate variability are evaluated by comparing the modeled streamflow forced with the climate forcings at two consecutive timescales. It is found that daily, monthly, and annual streamflow is primarily controlled by the climate variability at the same timescale. Intra‐monthly climate variability plays a small role in monthly and annual streamflow variability. Intra‐annual climate variability has significant effects on streamflow at all the timescales, and the relative roles of inter‐annual climate variability are also significant to the monthly and mean annual streamflow, which is often disregarded. The quantitative evaluation of the roles of climate variability reveals how climate controls streamflow across timescales.
Effects of Successive Peak Flow Events on Hyporheic Exchange and Residence Times
Authors: Singh Tanu , Gomez‐Velez Jesus D. , Wu Liwen , Wörman Anders , Hannah David M. , Krause Stefan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHyporheic exchange is a crucial control of the type and rates of streambed biogeochemical processes, including metabolism, respiration, nutrient turnover, and the transformation of pollutants. Previous work has shown that increasing discharge during an individual peak flow event strengthens biogeochemical turnover by enhancing the exchange of water and dissolved solutes. However, due to the nonsteady nature of the exchange process, successive peak flow events do not exhibit proportional variations in residence time and turnover, and in some cases, can reduce the hyporheic zones' biogeochemical potential. Here, we used a process‐based model to explore the role of successive peak flow events on the flow and transport characteristics of bedform‐induced hyporheic exchange. We conducted a systematic analysis of the impacts of the events' magnitude, duration, and time between peaks in the hyporheic zone's fluxes, penetration, and residence times. The relative contribution of each event to the transport of solutes across the sediment‐water interface was inferred from transport simulations of a conservative solute. In addition to temporal variations in the hyporheic flow field, our results demonstrate that the separation between two events determines the temporal evolution of residence time and that event time lags longer than the memory of the system result in successive events that can be treated independently. This study highlights the importance of discharge variability in the dynamics of hyporheic exchange and its potential implications for biogeochemical transformations and fate of contaminants along river corridors.
Community Health Workers’ Role in Supporting Pediatric Asthma Management: A Review
Authors: Coutinho Maria Teresa , Subzwari Sumera S. , McQuaid Elizabeth L. , Koinis-Mitchell Daphne 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Community health workers (CHWs) have been effective in improving health outcomes in vulnerable communities by providing health education and management services. We review CHW-led asthma education and management interventions for children and their families. Next, we describe the selection and training of CHWs in pediatric asthma management in the Rhode Island Asthma Integrated Response Program (RI-AIR). Method: We queried the MEDLine, Cochrane, PubMed, and EMBASE databases with keywords ( community health worker, asthma, health worker, lay worker, pediatric, child, and childhood) from inception until September 2019. Criteria for study inclusion included the following: published in English, conducted in the United States, approved with an ethics notification, published in a peer-reviewed journal, and involved CHWs as the interventionists. The initial search identified 216 articles. Fifteen studies met criteria for inclusion. Results: CHWs provide asthma management and education services, including home environmental trigger assessments, strategies to reduce environmental trigger exposure, resource linkage, and community referrals. We describe RI-AIR and its CHW-led asthma education and management interventions. Conclusions: CHWs are effective and vital supports for positive asthma outcomes. More research is needed to guide models of intervention using CHWs, specifically addressing integration in interdisciplinary teams, training, and reimbursement for CHW services. Implications for Impact Statement Community health workers (CHWs) are effective in helping children with asthma and their families learn to manage asthma. It is important to develop programs that prepare CHWs to work with other medical professionals and health care models to pay for their services.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Clinical Approaches to Address Health Disparities in Pediatric Psychology
Authors: McQuaid Elizabeth L. , Everhart Robin S. 
Published: June 2020

The demographics of the communities that pediatric psychologists serve are rapidly becoming more diverse. This special issue focuses on clinical approaches to consider in ensuring access to and effective delivery of services for children and adolescents from racial, ethnic, and low-income backgrounds. Specifically, this special issue includes papers focused on 3 central themes: factors affecting service utilization among diverse families, strategies to engage and intervene with diverse youth and families, and the use of paraprofessionals to increase access to behavioral health services. With recent public health issues, there is perhaps no better time for our field to move beyond traditional approaches to clinical care. The work included in this special issue provides clear examples for pediatric psychologists to follow and integrate into their clinical settings. These approaches provide direction to better serve diverse and low-income children and families, improve children and adolescents’ behavioral health outcomes, and ultimately address disparities in pediatric behavioral health. Implications for Impact Statement This special issue depicts evolving trends in how pediatric psychologists can serve diverse and low-income families more effectively to address health disparities. Factors affecting service use, approaches to engage families and provide treatment, and strategic use of paraprofessionals to increase access to services are highlighted. Incorporating these approaches across settings has the potential to address service gaps and improve behavioral health outcomes for our most vulnerable children.
Development and Feasibility Testing of the Comfort Ability Program for Sickle Cell Pain: A Patient-Informed, Video-Based Pain Management Intervention for Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Wihak Tessa , Burns Maureen , Miranda Jacqueline , Windmueller Gail , Oakley Carlee , Coakley Rachael 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Even with optimized medical care for the management of pain, many pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) report persistently high pain and have corresponding functional impairments. The Comfort Ability Program (CAP), a day-long pediatric pain management intervention, was adapted via a 4-phase knowledge translation process into a video-based intervention to specifically and flexibly address sickle cell pain (SCP). CAP for SCP introduces psychological and biobehavioral pain management techniques to adolescents with SCD and their parents or caregivers. A primary goal of our structured development process and feasibility testing was to ensure ease of access and delivery by addressing identified barriers to care that have historically limited widespread dissemination of evidence-based programs for patients with SCD. Method: The development of CAP for SCP was completed in 4 phases: (1) convening an expert panel to review the literature, discuss logistical and cultural barriers to care, and adapt the curriculum of a 1-day pain management workshop to a video-based format that could specifically meet the needs of a SCD population; (2) conducting a pilot testing of content with patients and parents followed by semistructured focus group discussion; (3) generating and producing the interactive video, audio materials, and corresponding workbook for intervention delivery; and (4) testing feasibility in both inpatient and outpatient clinics. Results: Results suggest that this intervention is highly acceptable to adolescents and parents and can be administered during an inpatient hospitalization or in conjunction with a routine outpatient appointment. Conclusion: CAP for SCP was created using an integrative approach to translational science and adhering to patient centered research practices. The result is a supportive, psychoeducational intervention offering an introduction to CBT skills and strategies for SCP management. Further research on CAP for SCP is needed. Implications for Impact Statement Pain is a primary feature of sickle cell disease (SCD) and psychologically based interventions for pain management can help to reduce pain and improve function for patients with this disease. However, because of significant disparities in care there are few psychologically based interventions available, resulting in a critical need to create equitable resources. This study highlights a knowledge translation process that addresses research identified barriers in care in an underserved population. The result, a structured adaptation of the Comfort Ability Program (CAP) to a video-based intervention for adolescents coping with sickle cell pain (SCP), was deemed feasible and acceptable.
The role of rare compound heterozygous events in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Lin Bochao Danae , Colas Fabrice , Nijman Isaac J. , Medic Jelena , Brands William , Parr Jeremy R. , van Eijk Kristel R. , Klauck Sabine M. , Chiocchetti Andreas G. , Freitag Christine M. , Maestrini Elena , Bacchelli Elena , Coon Hilary , Vicente Astrid , Oliveira Guiomar , Pagnamenta Alistair T. , Gallagher Louise , Ennis Sean , Anney Richard , Bourgeron Thomas , Luykx Jurjen J. , Vorstman Jacob 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe identification of genetic variants underlying autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) may contribute to a better understanding of their underlying biology. To examine the possible role of a specific type of compound heterozygosity in ASD, namely, the occurrence of a deletion together with a functional nucleotide variant on the remaining allele, we sequenced 550 genes in 149 individuals with ASD and their deletion-transmitting parents. This approach allowed us to identify additional sequence variants occurring in the remaining allele of the deletion. Our main goal was to compare the rate of sequence variants in remaining alleles of deleted regions between probands and the deletion-transmitting parents. We also examined the predicted functional effect of the identified variants using Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion (CADD) scores. The single nucleotide variant-deletion co-occurrence was observed in 13.4% of probands, compared with 8.1% of parents. The cumulative burden of sequence variants (n = 68) in pooled proband sequences was higher than the burden in pooled sequences from the deletion-transmitting parents (n = 41, X2 = 6.69, p = 0.0097). After filtering for those variants predicted to be most deleterious, we observed 21 of such variants in probands versus 8 in their deletion-transmitting parents (X2 = 5.82, p = 0.016). Finally, cumulative CADD scores conferred by these variants were significantly higher in probands than in deletion-transmitting parents (burden test, β = 0.13; p = 1.0 × 10−5). Our findings suggest that the compound heterozygosity described in the current study may be one of several mechanisms explaining variable penetrance of CNVs with known pathogenicity for ASD.
Meningeal lymphatics clear erythrocytes that arise from subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Chen Jinman , Wang Linmei , Xu Hao , Xing Lianping , Zhuang Zixin , Zheng Yangkang , Li Xuefei , Wang Chinyun , Chen Shaohua , Guo Zibin , Liang Qianqian , Wang Yongjun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExtravasated erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) critically contribute to the pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Meningeal lymphatics have been reported to drain macromolecules and immune cells from CSF into cervical lymph nodes (CLNs). However, whether meningeal lymphatics are involved in clearing extravasated erythrocytes in CSF after SAH remains unclear. Here we show that a markedly higher number of erythrocytes are accumulated in the lymphatics of CLNs and meningeal lymphatics after SAH. When the meningeal lymphatics are depleted in a mouse model of SAH, the degree of erythrocyte aggregation in CLNs is significantly lower, while the associated neuroinflammation and the neurologic deficits are dramatically exacerbated. In addition, during SAH lymph flow is increased but without significant lymphangiogenesis and lymphangiectasia. Taken together, this work demonstrates that the meningeal lymphatics drain extravasated erythrocytes from CSF into CLNs after SAH, while suggesting that modulating this draining may offer therapeutic approaches to alleviate SAH severity.
Chimeric design of pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs and canonical synthetase/tRNA pairs for genetic code expansion
Authors: Ding Wenlong , Zhao Hongxia , Chen Yulin , Zhang Bin , Yang Yang , Zang Jia , Wu Jing , Lin Shixian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pair is a crucial prerequisite for site-specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids. Due to its high codon suppression efficiency and full orthogonality, the pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase/pyrrolysyl-tRNA pair is currently the ideal system for genetic code expansion in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. There is a pressing need to discover or engineer other fully orthogonal translation systems. Here, through rational chimera design by transplanting the key orthogonal components from the pyrrolysine system, we create multiple chimeric tRNA synthetase/chimeric tRNA pairs, including chimera histidine, phenylalanine, and alanine systems. We further show that these engineered chimeric systems are orthogonal and highly efficient with comparable flexibility to the pyrrolysine system. Besides, the chimera phenylalanine system can incorporate a group of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan analogues efficiently in both E. coli and mammalian cells. These aromatic amino acids analogous exhibit unique properties and characteristics, including fluorescence, post-translation modification.
An entropy-based metric for assessing the purity of single cell populations
Authors: Liu Baolin , Li Chenwei , Li Ziyi , Wang Dongfang , Ren Xianwen , Zhang Zemin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSingle-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a versatile tool for discovering and annotating cell types and states, but the determination and annotation of cell subtypes is often subjective and arbitrary. Often, it is not even clear whether a given cluster is uniform. Here we present an entropy-based statistic, ROGUE, to accurately quantify the purity of identified cell clusters. We demonstrate that our ROGUE metric is broadly applicable, and enables accurate, sensitive and robust assessment of cluster purity on a wide range of simulated and real datasets. Applying this metric to fibroblast, B cell and brain data, we identify additional subtypes and demonstrate the application of ROGUE-guided analyses to detect precise signals in specific subpopulations. ROGUE can be applied to all tested scRNA-seq datasets, and has important implications for evaluating the quality of putative clusters, discovering pure cell subtypes and constructing comprehensive, detailed and standardized single cell atlas.
Multiple low dose therapy as an effective strategy to treat EGFR inhibitor-resistant NSCLC tumours
Authors: Fernandes Neto João M. , Nadal Ernest , Bosdriesz Evert , Ooft Salo N. , Farre Lourdes , McLean Chelsea , Klarenbeek Sjoerd , Jurgens Anouk , Hagen Hannes , Wang Liqin , Felip Enriqueta , Martinez-Marti Alex , Vidal August , Voest Emile , Wessels Lodewyk F. A. , van Tellingen Olaf , Villanueva Alberto , Bernards René 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResistance to targeted cancer drugs is thought to result from selective pressure exerted by a high drug dose. Partial inhibition of multiple components in the same oncogenic signalling pathway may add up to complete pathway inhibition, while decreasing the selective pressure on each component to acquire a resistance mutation. We report here testing of this Multiple Low Dose (MLD) therapy model in EGFR mutant NSCLC. We show that as little as 20% of the individual effective drug doses is sufficient to completely block MAPK signalling and proliferation when used in 3D (RAF + MEK + ERK) or 4D (EGFR + RAF + MEK + ERK) inhibitor combinations. Importantly, EGFR mutant NSCLC cells treated with MLD therapy do not develop resistance. Using several animal models, we find durable responses to MLD therapy without associated toxicity. Our data support the notion that MLD therapy could deliver clinical benefit, even for those having acquired resistance to third generation EGFR inhibitor therapy.
Interactome analysis reveals that lncRNA HULC promotes aerobic glycolysis through LDHA and PKM2
Authors: Wang Chunqing , Li Yongmei , Yan Shuai , Wang Hao , Shao Xianfeng , Xiao Mingming , Yang Baicai , Qin Guoxuan , Kong Ruirui , Chen Ruibing , Zhang Ning 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInteracting with proteins is a crucial way for long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) to exert their biological responses. Here we report a high throughput strategy to characterize lncRNA interacting proteins in vivo by combining tobramycin affinity purification and mass spectrometric analysis (TOBAP-MS). Using this method, we identify 140 candidate binding proteins for lncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC). Intriguingly, HULC directly binds to two glycolytic enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2). Mechanistic study suggests that HULC functions as an adaptor molecule that enhances the binding of LDHA and PKM2 to fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 (FGFR1), leading to elevated phosphorylation of these two enzymes and consequently promoting glycolysis. This study provides a convenient method to study lncRNA interactome in vivo and reveals a unique mechanism by which HULC promotes Warburg effect by orchestrating the enzymatic activities of glycolytic enzymes.