bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the genetic effects of sex hormone on the development of mental traits: a polygenic score analysis and genome-wide genetic interaction analysis in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Liang Xiao , Cheng ShiQiang , Ye Jing , Chu XiaoMeng , Wen Yan , Liu Li , Qi Xin , Jia YuMeng , Zhang Feng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the genetic effects of sex hormone on the development of mental traits.Methods: The SNPs significantly associated with sex hormone traits were driven from a two-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS). Four sex hormone were selected in this study, including sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, bioavailable testosterone and estradiol. The polygenic risk scores (PRS) of sex hormone traits were calculated from individual-level genotype data of the UK Biobank cohort. We then used logistic and linear regression models to assess the associations between individual PRS of sex hormone traits and the frequency of alcohol consumption, anxiety, intelligence and so on. Finally, genome-wide genetic interaction study (GWGIS) was performed to detect novel candidate genes interacting with the sex hormone on the development of fluid intelligence and the frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption by PLINK2.0.Results: We observed positive associations between SHBG and the frequency of alcohol consumption (b=0.01, p=3.84×10–11) in males and females. In addition, estradiol was positively associated with the frequency of alcohol consumption (b=0.01, p=1,96×10–8), fluid intelligence (b=0.01, p=1.90×10–2) and the frequency of smoking (b=0.01, p=1.77×10–2) in males. Moreover, SHBG was associated with the frequency of alcohol consumption (b=0.01, p=2.60×10–3), fluid intelligence (b=0.01, p=4.25×10–2) and anxiety (b=-0.01, p=3.79×10–2) in females. Finally, GWGIS identified one significant loci, Tenascin R (TNR) (rs34633780, p=3.45×10–8) interacting with total testosterone for fluid intelligence.Conclusion: Our study results support the genetic effects of sex hormone on the development of intelligence and the frequency of alcohol consumption.
A Qualitative Study on the Inner Experience of First-Line Nurses in the Clinical Fight against COVID-19
Authors: Zhang Hai-jiao , Yin Lishi , Peng Yan , Chen Qiyang , Lv Chenxu , Juan Liang , Fan Ling , Tong Tingting , Liu Ruiyi , Zhao Lijuan , Liang Ting , Tian Suzhai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: With the spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in the world, medical staff have become the main force to fight the epidemic. In the process of clinically fighting the epidemic, many nurses experience enormous physical and psychological strain. All parties are under tremendous pressure due to the shortage of medical resources and the large numbers of severely ill patients requiring assistance. Herein, we explored the inner experience of first-line clinical nursing staff during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods: In March 2020, qualitative research methods were used to interview 18 clinical first-line nurses. Semi-structured interviews were used, and data analysis consisted of content analysis of the interviews. Results: A total of four themes were identified: (1) work-level experience: (a) difficulty in the implementation of nursing operations, (b) a sense of accomplishment in innovative nursing work; (2) experience at the physical level: (a) tiredness, (b) injury/discomfort; (3) psychological experience: (a) enormous psychological pressure, (b) post-traumatic psychological obstacles, (c) sense of mission/achievement; (4) traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing experience: (a) frustration during treatment, (b) joy after treatment. Conclusions: Anti-epidemic clinical first-line nurses were able to maintain their high-level nursing ability under large amounts of psychological pressure and a high level of physical discomfort, which laid the foundation for victory over the epidemic.Trial registration: None
New Vision on the Mental Problems of Vincent Van Gogh; Results From a Bottom-up Approach Using (Semi-)structured Diagnostic Interviews
Authors: Nolen Willem , Meekeren Erwin Van , Voskuil Piet , Tilburg Willem Van 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: On July 29, 1890 at the age of 37 years, the Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh died from the consequences of a suicide attempt with a gun two days earlier. Since then many medical and psychological theories were suggested about what had happened to Van Gogh.Aim: To present an overview of the history of the mental problems of Van Gogh and the most likely diagnoses.Method: (Semi-)structured diagnostic interviews were applied to three art historians who are very familiar with Van Gogh from his correspondence and other sources and as well as a neuropsychiatric examination to evaluate whether the symptoms might be explained by a medical conditionResults: Several previously suggested diagnoses could be excluded as being highly unlikely, while other diagnoses could be classified as more of less likely. Conclusion: Most likely Van Gogh suffered from comorbid illnesses. Since young adulthood, he likely developed a (probably bipolar) mood disorder in combination with (traits of) a borderline personality disorder as underlying vulnerability. This likely worsened through an alcohol use disorder combined with malnutrition, which then led, in combination with rising psychosocial tensions, to a crisis in which he cut off his ear. Thereafter, he likely developed two deliriums probably related to alcohol withdrawal, followed by a worsening with severe depressive episodes (of which at least one with psychotic features) from which he did not fully recover, finally leading to his suicide.As additional comorbidity,focal (temporal lobe)epilepsy cannot be excluded.
Is male sex workers(MSW) more susceptible to HIV than sex buyers(SB)?
Authors: Zhuang Cui , Zhang Xinying , Zhang Honglu , Huang Huijie , Yu Zeyang , Yao Tingting , Zhang Tiantian , Song Desheng , Chen Yang , Wang Chun , Wang Xiaomeng , Liu Yuanyuan , Li Changping , Yang Jie , Ma Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction: As both parties to commercial sex, MSW and SB are both at high risk of HIV infection. However, there are few studies on the comparison of HIV infection rates between these two groups of people.Methods: The method of snowball sampling was used to recruit research participants by means of baths, bars, and the Internet. The recruited participants should cooperate with the investigators to complete the questionnaire (including general demographic characteristics, high risky behaviors, status of HIV and AIDS infection, awareness of AIDS knowledge )and blood antibody / antigen tests / oral mucosal exudate antibody tests. The difference analysis was performed using the c2 test, and the correlates of HIV infection were analyzed using logistic regression.Results: The final analysis included 435 MSWs and 729 SBs with HIV infection rates of 7.1% and 2.6%, respectively. Compared with SB, the HIV infection rate of MSW was 2.775 (1.340 -5.746) times higher (after adjusting for age and marital status), 3.173 (1.512-6.659) times higher (after further adjusting the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge), 3.688 (1.711-7.950) times higher (after further adjusting the frequency of condom use in homosexual intercourse and commercial sex in the past six months).Conclusions: MSW is more likely to infect HIV than SB. Therefore, effective preventive measures should be focused on MSW.
Production Losses Five Months After Infection With A New Prrs-1 Variant In 13 Danish Sow Herds
Authors: Kristensen Charlotte Sonne , Kristiansen Michael Groes , Pedersen Kasper , Larsen Lars Erik 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In July 2019, a PRRSV-negative boar station was infected with a new recombinant PRRSV‐1 virus strain, which subsequently spread to at least 36 herds that had received semen from the boar station. In the following months, all the infected herds reported reduced productivity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the PRRS outbreak. Results: Production data were collected from 13 of the herds. The average levels of farrowings/week, liveborns/litter, stillborns/litter, pre-weaning mortality and weaned pigs/litter were compared for the five-month period after infection and the preceding seven months before infection with the new variant of PRRSV-1. Twelve herds experienced a decrease in farrowings/week (0.1-10.8 percent fewer farrowings/week), and all herds experienced fewer liveborns (0.8-4.8 fewer liveborns/litter) and more stillborns (0.6-2.6 more stillborns/litter). Pre-weaning mortality nearly doubled in half of the herds. Overall, the 13 herds were missing 2.4-6.5 pigs/litter at weaning during the five months after infection compared to the seven preceding months before infection. Conclusion: In this study, the impact of this new PRRSV-1 variant on productivity exceeded that typically seen in Danish herds infected with PRRSV-1.
Gut Microbes and Microbial Metabolites in Colorectal Cancer Complicated with Different Serum Albumin Levels
Authors: Shuwen Han , Wei Wu , Miao Da , Qing Zhou , Jiamin Xu , Jing Zhuang , Jin Liu , Yang Xi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are at risk of malnutrition. Gut microbes and microbial metabolites are involved in the initiation and development of CRC.
Purpose

To investigate serum protein levels in CRC patients and explore the role of gut microbes and microbial metabolites in CRCs complicated with different serum albumin levels.
Methods

Overall, 398 CRC patients and same number of healthy volunteers in Huzhou Central Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were recruited to compare serum protein levels. The serological indicators were detected by Abbott Automatic Biochemical Analyzer(HCHL-YQ-SH-01). A total of 30 and 56 stool samples from CRC patients were used to detect intestinal microbes and microbial metabolites, respectively. Bacterial 16S V3-V4 and fungal ITS ribosomal DNA genes were sequenced and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was performed to detect microbial metabolites.
Results

Some serum protein-related indicators in the CRC group were lower than those in the control group (p༜0.05). The total protein and albumin levels in colon cancer patients were lower than those in rectal cancer patients (p༜0.05). The higher abundance of Sutterella is correlated with lower serum albumin level in CRCs. There were statistically significant differences in the abundance of fungi including Agaricomycetes, Simplicillium, Sclerotiniaceae, and Exophiala among patients with different serum albumin levels. Multiple gut bacteria and fungi are closely related to serum albumin levels.We found some characteristic microbial metabolites in CRCs complicated with different serum protein levels.
Conclusions

The different serum albumin levels were associated with the gut microbes and microbial metabolites in CRCs. It may provide novel ideas for basic research and clinical application.
Association Between Unhealthy Dietary Habits and Proteinuria Onset in a Japanese General Population: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tokumaru Toshiaki , Toyama Tadashi , Hara Akinori , Kitagawa Kiyoki , Yamamura Yuta , Nakagawa Shiori , Oshima Megumi , Miyagawa Taro , Sato Koichi , Ogura Hisayuki , Kitajima Shinji , Iwata Yasunori , Sakai Norihiko , Shimizu Miho , Furuichi Kengo , Hashiba Atsushi , Wada Takashi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The relationship between dietary habits and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is uncertain. This retrospective cohort study was conducted to examine the association between unhealthy dietary habits and proteinuria onset, a key prognostic factor of CKD.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study among individuals in a Japanese general population aged ≥ 40 years who underwent annual medical checkups from 1998 to 2014 in Kanazawa City, Japan. The risks of proteinuria onset were estimated based on the status of baseline unhealthy dietary habits (quick eating, late dinner, late evening snack, and skipping breakfast) compared with the status without these habits. We calculated the incidence rates per 1000 person-years based on the presence or absence of each unhealthy dietary habit. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risks of proteinuria onset based on baseline unhealthy dietary habits. Changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), which were possible intermediate factors in unhealthy dietary habits and proteinuria onset, were estimated using a linear mixed-effects model with random intercept and random slope.
Results
A total of 26,764 subjects were included, with a mean follow-up period of 3.4 years. The most frequent unhealthy dietary habits were quick eating (29%), followed by late dinner (19%), late evening snack (16%), and skipping breakfast (9%). During the follow-up period, 10.6% of the participants developed proteinuria, with an incidence rate of 32.7 per 1000 person-years. Late dinner or skipping breakfast had an increased adjusted risk of proteinuria onset (hazard ratio [HR] 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02 to 1.22, and HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.31, respectively). Each unhealthy dietary habit was not associated with changes in BMI or WHtR.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that late dinner and skipping breakfast were associated with higher risks for proteinuria onset. Unhealthy dietary habits were not associated with changes in BMI or WHtR during the follow-up period.
Amyloid-beta uptake by peripheral blood monocytes is reduced by ageing and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Chen Si-Han , Tian Ding-Yuan , Shen Ying-Ying , Bachelor Yuan Cheng , Fan Dong-Yu , Sun Hao-Lun , He Chen-Yang , Sun Pu-Yang , Bu Xian-Le , Zeng Fan , Deng Juan , Xu Zhi-Qiang , Chen Yang , Wang Yan-Jiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:

Deficits in the clearance of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The roles of blood monocytes, the counterparts of microglia in the periphery, in the development of AD remain unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the alterations in the Aβ phagocytosis function of peripheral monocytes during ageing and in AD patients.
Methods:

A total of 104 cognitively normal participants aged 22 to 89 years old, 22 AD patients, 22 age- and sex-matched cognitively normal (CN) subjects, 15 Parkinson’s disease patients (PD) and 15 age- and sex-matched CN subjects were recruited. The Aβ uptake by blood monocytes were measured and its alteration during ageing and in AD were investigated.
Results:

Aβ1−42 uptake by monocytes was associated with Aβ1−42 levels in the blood. Aβ1−42 uptake by monocytes decreased during ageing, and further decreased in AD but not in PD patients. Among the Aβ uptake-related receptors and enzymes, the expression of Toll‑like receptor 2 (TLR2) was reduced in monocytes from AD patients.
Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that monocytes regulate the blood levels of Aβ and might be involved in the development of AD. The recovery of the Aβ clearance function by blood monocytes represents a potential therapeutic strategy for AD.
Avoid to over-unlocking the helical blade in proximal femoral nail anti-rotation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ji Wenchen , Liu Kai , Li Meng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose To discuss the reason and treatment method of helical blade over-unlocking. Methods The case reported in this paper is that the helical blade cannot be locked due to over-unlocking during the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture with PFNA, which is very rare. We expound why it happens and how to deal with it. Results When the helical blade is over-unlocking, if the aiming arm is not disassembled, you can try to take out the helical blade and fix it again. If the aiming arm has been removed, it is not recommended to remove the helical blade, we suggest that we should consider adding a screw from the lateral wall through the femoral neck for anti-rotation, or you can observe the tail of helical blade and find suitable screw driver to fix it if there is one. Conclusions In order to avoid over-unlocking of the helical blade, intraoperative fluoroscopy should not only pay attention to the position of the helical blade, but also pay more attention to the abnormal shape of the helical blade itself. Once the helical blade is over-unlocking, it needs to be handled in time.
Relationship Between Combining Ability, Genetic Components And Genetic Diversity Using Triple Test Cross
Authors: El-Mansy Yasser Mohamed , Abdelmoghny Ahmed Mohamed , Gibely Reham. H. A. , Mabrouk Adel H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The target of this study is to investigate the relationship between genetic components, combining ability and genetic diversity among twenty six cotton crosses derived from a cross between thirteen contrasting inbred lines with two testers in three replications using modified triple test cross model.Results: All the genotypes showed highly significant differences for twelve yield and fiber quality traits reflecting genetic variability between lines, testers and crosses. Giza 86 is considered as a good combiner for yield and its components traits, while Giza 45 is the best combiner for fiber fineness and fiber strength, which classified in unique cluster. Most of the combinations having significant SCA effects were belonging to genetically diverse parents. The mean squares for the deviations revealed the presence of significant epistasis for all the studied traits except, seed index and fiber reflectance. While, significant mean squares were shown for sums and differences except lint index for additive and uniformity ratio and fiber reflectance for dominance. The fixable type (i) of epistasis was larger than non-fixable (i + l) type for the inheritance of the studied traits. The traits had significant mean squares for both fixable and non-fixable gene action, also showed significant GCA and SCA among 15 parents and 26 cotton crosses, respectively. Additive genetic component was larger than dominance for all the studied traits. So, most of the studied traits had significant GCA and degree of dominance was less than unity for all the studied traits, indicating partial or incomplete dominance. The correlation coefficient between the sums and difference were found to be insignificant indicating the genes with positive and negative effects were equally distributed among the genotypes.Conclusions: Genetic correlation between three genetic components revealed that both additive and epistasis play a great role among some studied traits suggesting common genetic pool. Thus, selection based on additive gene action based on indirect selection could improve cotton yield. The genotypes which have large genetic diversity could produce significant general or specific combining ability which may be reflecting its genetic behavior.
Knowledge, awareness and preventive practices of dengue outbreak in Bangladesh: a countrywide study
Authors: Hossain Md. Imam , Nur-E-Alam  , Akter Sumaiya , Suriea Umme , Akter Salma , Shifat Siratul Kubra , Islam Md. Muzahidul , Aziz Ihsan , Islam Md. Muzahidul , Islam Md. Shariful , Mohiuddin A. K. M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Dengue, the mosquito borne disease has become a growing public health threat in Bangladesh due to its gradual increasing morbidity and mortality since 2000. In 2019, the country witnessed the worst ever dengue outbreak. The present study was conducted to characterize the socio-economic factors and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) status towards dengue among the people of Bangladesh.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,010 randomly selected participants from nine different administrative regions of Bangladesh between July and November 2019. A well-structured questionnaire was used covering socio-demographic characteristics of the participants including their knowledge, awareness, treatment and practices regarding Dengue fever.Results: Although majority (93.8%) of the participants had heard about dengue, however, they had still misconceptions about Aedes breeding habitat. Around half of the study population (45.7%) had mistaken belief that Aedes can breed in dirty water and 43.1% knew that Aedes mosquito usually bites during sunrise/sunset. Fever indication was found in 36.6% of people which is the most common symptom of dengue. Living place, literacy and employment status were found significantly associated (p<0.05) with knowledge and awareness of dengue fever. The preventive practice level was moderately less than the knowledge level though there was a significant association (p<0.05) existed between knowledge and preventive practices. Our study noted that TV/Radio is an effective predominant source of information about dengue fever.Conclusion: As dengue is emerging in Bangladesh, there is a need to increase health promotion activities through campaigns for eliminating the misconception and considerable knowledge gaps about dengue.
Fluorescent bead-based serological detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection in chickens
Authors: Fabian Benedikt T. , Hedar Fatima , Koethe Martin , Bangoura Berit , Maksimov Pavlo , Conraths Franz J. , Villena Isabelle , Aubert Dominique , Seeber Frank , Schares Gereon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Especially free-ranging chickens are frequently exposed to Toxoplasma gondii. They are sensitive indicators for environmental contamination with T. gondii oocysts. The detection of infected birds relies primarily on serological assays. Methods: Here, we established a bead-based multiplex assay (BBMA) using the Luminex technology for the specific and sensitive detection of T. gondii infections in chickens. Recombinant biotinylated T. gondii surface antigen 1 (TgSAG1bio) bound to streptavidin-conjugated magnetic Luminex beads served as antigen. Specific serum antibodies were detected by a fluorophore-coupled secondary antibody. Beads of differing color codes were conjugated with anti-chicken IgY or chicken serum albumin and served for each individual sample as an internal positive or negative control, respectively. The assay was validated with sera from experimentally and naturally infected chickens. The results were compared to those from reference methods, including other serological tests and bioassay in mice.Results: In experimentally infected chickens, all chickens were positive by magnetic-capture PCR (100%, n=45/45) and the vast majority (98.5%, n=65/66) of inoculated birds tested seropositive in the BBMA. Most, but not all inoculated and TgSAG1bio-BBMA-positive chickens were also positive in two previously established TgSAG1-ELISAs, an immunofluorescence assay (IFAT) and in a modified agglutination test (MAT). All non-inoculated control animals (n=28) tested negative. In naturally exposed chickens, the TgSAG1bio-BBMA showed a high sensitivity (98.5%; 95% Confidence Interval: 90.7-99.9%) and specificity (100%; 85.0-100%) relative to a reference standard established using results obtained with ELISA, IFAT and MAT. Almost all naturally exposed chickens that were positive in the mouse bioassay or by PCR tested positive in the TgSAG1bio-BBMA (93.5%, 77.1-98.9%), while all mouse bioassay- or PCR-negative chickens remained negative (100%, 85.0-100%).Conclusions: The TgSAG1bio-BBMA represents a suitable method for the detection of T. gondii infections in chickens with high sensitivity and specificity, which is comparable or even superior to other tests. Since assays based on this methodology allow for the simultaneous analysis of a single biological sample with respect to multiple analytes, the described assay may represent one component in future multiplex assays for broad serological monitoring of poultry and other farm animals, including pigs or small ruminants, for various pathogens.