bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Is the Best Strategy for Incorporating New Agents into the Current Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma?
Authors: Smith Sonali M. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Although there is increasing knowledge about the pathobiology of follicular lymphoma (FL), the incorporation of new agents is challenged by the long clinical course and inherent heterogeneity of the disease. Furthermore, a longstanding concept in FL is that although most patients have an indolent initial phase of disease, this is typically followed by sequentially shorter remission durations and justifies the continued intense search for new rationally designed agents. Ideally, there would be personalized prognostic tools, preemptive target identification, and means to predict response in individual patients. Short of having these tools, one conceptual approach is to consider FL as a series of clinical disease states divided between treatment-naïve (low tumor burden and high tumor burden), relapsed (typically still chemoimmunotherapy-sensitive), and multiply relapsed (usually chemoimmunotherapy-resistant) disease. By applying what is known about the biology of FL along with the available agents, new treatment options can be better defined and tested within these clinical contexts. During the last few years, novel chemotherapeutics, biologic agents, monoclonal antibodies, antibody drug conjugates, and maintenance strategies are all either replacing or adding onto existing strategies. These new agents and approaches challenge the notion of inevitably shorter response durations, and offer hope of improved clinical outcomes compared with traditional sequential cytotoxic therapy.
Molecular Testing of Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Biopsy and Cytology Specimens
Authors: Wistuba Ignacio I. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in the characterization of molecular abnormalities in non–small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) tumors that are being used as molecular targets and predictive biomarkers for selection of targeted therapy. These recent advances in NSCLC targeted therapy require the analysis of a panel of molecular abnormalities in tumor specimens, including gene mutations (e.g., EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, DDR2), gene amplifications (e.g., MET, FGFR1), and fusions (e.g., EML4-ALK) by applying different methods to tumor tissue (biopsy) and cell (cytology) samples. However, the biopsy and cytology samples available for molecular testing in advanced metastatic NSCLC tumors are likely to be small specimens, including core needle biopsies and/or fine needle aspiration, which may limit the molecular and genomic analysis with currently available methods and technologies. In this process, the role of the pathologist is becoming increasingly important to adequately integrate both routine histopathologic assessment and molecular testing into the clinical pathology for proper tumor diagnosis and subsequent selection of the most appropriate therapy.
Glioblastoma: Biology, Genetics, and Behavior
Authors: Brat Daniel J. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant, rapidly progressive astrocytoma that is distinguished pathologically from lower-grade tumors by necrosis and microvascular hyperplasia. The global pattern of growth changes dramatically with the development of GBM histology and is characterized by hypoxia-driven peripheral expansion from a growing necrotic core. Necrotic foci present centrally in GBM and are typically surrounded by “pseudopalisading” cells—a configuration that is relatively unique and long recognized as an ominous prognostic feature. Theses pseudopalisades are severely hypoxic, overexpress hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and secrete proangiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin 8 (IL-8). The microvascular hyperplasia that emerges in response promotes peripheral tumor expansion. Recent evidence suggests that pseudopalisades represent a wave of tumor cells actively migrating away from central hypoxia that arises following a vascular insult. Vaso-occlusive and prothrombotic mechanisms in GBM could readily explain the presence of pseudopalisading necrosis in tissue sections, the rapid peripheral expansion on neuroimaging, and the dramatic shift to an accelerated rate of clinical progression as a result of hypoxia-induced angiogenesis. The genetic alterations that coincide with progression to GBM include amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), deletion of CDKN2A, and mutation or deletion of PTEN. Other diagnostic and prognostic tests used in neuro-oncology include assessment of 1p/19q, MGMT promoter methylation, IDH1, and p53. More recently, the Cancer Genome Atlas data have indicated that there are four robust transcriptional classes of GBM, referred to as proneural, neural, classical, and mesenchymal. These classes have genetic associations and may pave the road for future development of targeted therapies.
Why Hasn't Genomic Testing Changed the Landscape in Clinical Oncology?
Authors: Hayes Daniel F. , Khoury Muin J. , Ransohoff David 
Published: February 2020

Overview: The “omics” revolution produced great optimism that tumor biomarker tests based on high-order analysis of multiple (sometimes thousands) of factors would result in truly personalized oncologic care. Unfortunately, 10 years into the revolution, the promise of omics-based research has not yet been realized. The factors behind the slow progress in omics-based clinical care are many. First, over the last 15 years, there has been a gradual recognition of the importance of conducting tumor biomarker science with the kind of rigor that has traditionally been used for therapeutic research. However, this recognition has only recently been applied widely, and therefore most tumor biomarkers have insufficiently high levels of evidence to determine clinical utility. Second, omics-based research offers its own particular set of concerns, especially in regard to overfitting computational models and false discovery rates. Researchers and clinicians need to understand the importance of analytic validity, and the difference between clinical/biologic validity and clinical utility. The latter is required to introduce a tumor biomarker test of any kind (single analyte or omics-based), and are ideally generated by carefully planned and properly conducted “prospective retrospective” or truly prospective clinical trials. Only carefully planned studies, which take all three of these into account and in which the investigators are aware and recognize the enormous risk of unintended bias and overfitting inherent in omics-based test development, will ultimately result in translation of the exciting new technologies into better care for patients with cancer.
Patient Selection, Resection, and Outcomes for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Conrad Claudius , Tanabe Kenneth K. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy of the liver that most often arises in patients with cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases. Worldwide, it is the sixth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. Median survival is poor, ranging from 6 to 20 months. Definitive treatment options for HCC are surgical resection, ablation, or transplantation. The selection of patients for surgical resection is based on clinical findings, laboratory data, and imaging. Although a number of staging systems exist, all have their limitations. A multidisciplinary approach to patient selection for surgery that includes the input of an experienced liver surgeon assures optimal outcomes. Sound understanding of liver segmentation, modern surgical techniques, and the use of intraoperative ultrasound have led to a reported perioperative mortality rate below 3%, blood transfusion requirements of less than 10%, and 5-year survival rates of at least 50%. Advances in laparoscopic technique and technology have expanded the indications for a safe and oncologically appropriate minimally invasive resection. Deciding which treatment option to employ depends on tumor resectability and the degree of underlying liver disease, which is present in 80% to 85% of patients with HCC; however, despite these surgical advances, a high recurrence rate of 70% in patients with cirrhosis and a survival rate of 65% to 80% in well-selected transplant patients are expected. This article will focus on the evaluation and selection of patients for surgical intervention, considerations in selecting the appropriate type of resection, and expected outcomes following liver resection.
Fast and Slow Decaying Solutions of Lane–Emden Equations Involving Nonhomogeneous Potential
Authors: Chen Huyuan , Huang Xia , Zhou Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Our purpose in this paper is to study positive solutions of the Lane–Emden equation

-

Δ
⁢
u

=

V
⁢

u
p

in
⁢

ℝ
N

∖

{
0
}

,

-\Delta u=Vu^{p}\quad\text{in }\mathbb{R}^{N}\setminus\{0\},

perturbed by a nonhomogeneous potential V, with

p
∈

(

N

N
-
2

,

p
c

)

p\in(\frac{N}{N-2},p_{c})

, where

p
c

{p_{c}}

is the Joseph–Ludgren exponent. We construct a sequence of fast and slow decaying solutions with appropriated restrictions for V.
Introduction to the 2020 Peirce Section
Authors: Campbell Cary 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Peirce section editor Cary Campbell introduces a series of short articles from Mary Keeler, on improving digital access to the Peirce manuscripts (in particular, his late unpublished manuscripts), discussing and exploring possibilities for their effective communication, preservation, (multimodal) representation, and augmentation through technology. Keeler develops an approach to this research stemming from Peirce’s own mutually supporting pragmatism and synechism and his theory of social learning and inquiry. She argues for an ontological approach to cataloguing the archive in a way that can “accommodate diverse disciplinary perspectives.”
A formal Riemannian structure on conformal classes and the inverse Gauss curvature flow
Authors: Gursky Matthew J. , Streets Jeffrey 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe define a formal Riemannian metric on a given conformal class of metrics with signed curvature on a closed Riemann surface. As it turns out this metric is the well-known Mabuchi-Semmes-Donaldson metric of Kähler geometry in a different guise. The metric has many interesting properties, and in particular we show that the classical Liouville energy is geodesically convex. This suggests a different approach to the uniformization theorem by studying the negative gradient flow of the normalized Liouville energy with respect to this metric, a new geometric flow whose principal term is the inverse of the Gauss curvature. We prove long time existence of solutions with arbitrary initial data and weak convergence to constant scalar curvature metrics by exploiting the metric space structure.
Steklov eigenvalue problem with a-harmonic solutions and variable exponents
Authors: Karim Belhadj , Zerouali Abdellah , Chakrone Omar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Using the Ljusternik–Schnirelmann principle and a new variational technique, we prove that the following Steklov eigenvalue problem has infinitely many positive eigenvalue sequences:

{

div
⁡

(

a
⁢

(
x
,

∇
⁡
u

)

)

=
0

in
⁢
Ω

,

a
⁢

(
x
,

∇
⁡
u

)

⋅
ν

=

λ
⁢
m
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

|
u
|

p
⁢

(
x
)

-
2

⁢
u

on
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

,

\left\{\begin{aligned} &\displaystyle\operatorname{div}(a(x,\nabla u))=0&&%
\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\Omega,\\
&\displaystyle a(x,\nabla u)\cdot\nu=\lambda m(x)|u|^{p(x)-2}u&&\displaystyle%
\phantom{}\text{on }\partial\Omega,\end{aligned}\right.

where

Ω
⊂

ℝ
N

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{N}}

(

N
≥
2

)

{(N\geq 2)}

is a bounded domain of smooth boundary

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

and ν is the outward unit normal
vector on

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

.
The functions

m
∈

L
∞

⁢

(

∂
⁡
Ω

)

{m\in L^{\infty}(\partial\Omega)}

,

p
:

Ω
¯

↦
ℝ

{p\colon\overline{\Omega}\mapsto\mathbb{R}}

and

a
:

Ω
¯

×

ℝ
N

↦

ℝ
N

{a\colon\overline{\Omega}\times\mathbb{R}^{N}\mapsto\mathbb{R}^{N}}

satisfy appropriate conditions.
The relationship of parents’ communication patterns and peer-group interaction with sexual risk behavior in adolescents
Authors: Syah Putri Erlinna Nur , Kusumaningrum Tiyas , Tristiana Rr Dian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Sexual risk behavior in adolescents is a serious problem and is increasing in Indonesia. This study aimed to explain the relationship of parents’ communication patterns and peer-group interaction with sexual risk behavior in adolescents in Surabaya.

Method
This study used a cross-sectional design. The sample of 106 adolescents was obtained by cluster random sampling. The inclusion criteria were 15–18 years of age and those living with parents. Data were collected using parents’ communication pattern questionnaire, peer-group interaction questionnaire and sexual risk behavior questionnaire, and were then analyzed using Spearman’s rho statistical test.

Results
There was a relationship between parents’ communication patterns (p = 0.000; r = –0.586) and peer-group interaction (p = 0.000; r = –0.565) with sexual risk behavior in adolescents.

Conclusion
Open and two-way communication between parents and adolescents needs to be developed so that adolescents can develop good behavior. The development of a program to prevent sexual risk behavior needs to be done especially in adolescents’ peer groups to prevent the negative impact of peers in the spread of sexual content in adolescents in their groups.
Bilingual patterns of path encoding: A study of Polish L1-German L2 and Polish L1-Spanish L2 speakers
Authors: Lewandowski Wojciech 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The encoding of path shows systematic inter-typological variation, with speakers of satellite-framed languages (S-language; e. g. German, Polish) typically conveying path outside the main verb (in particles, prefixes, etc.) and speakers of verb-framed languages (V-language; e. g. Spanish) typically conveying path in the main verb. However, less is known about intra-typological variation in the expression of path, especially for bilingual patterns of path encoding. In this paper, we examine path descriptions produced by two groups of bilinguals and compare the descriptions made by these bilinguals with those made by native speakers of the corresponding L1 and L2 languages. The first group consisted of native Polish speakers who were L2 German speakers (intra-typological L1-L2 transition), while the second group comprised native Polish speakers who were L2 Spanish speakers (inter-typological L1-L2 transition). Our results provide evidence for greater alignment to L2 among bilinguals learning an L2 from a different typological group (i. e. Polish L1-Spanish L2 bilinguals), and closer alignment to L1 among bilinguals learning an L2 from the same typological group (i. e. Polish L1-German L2 bilinguals).
Influence of temperature-dependent properties on a gravity-driven thin film along inclined plate
Authors: Adesanya Samuel O. , Egere Amanze C. , Ukaegbu Joel C. , Lebelo Ramoshweu S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA numerical investigation into the effect of temperature-dependent fluid properties on the thin film flow along an inclined heated plate is presented. The equations governing the coupled flow and heat transfer are formulated based on couple stress non-Newtonian model. Solutions of the coupled nonlinear differential equations are tackled numerically by using the combination of shooting method and the Fehlberg-Runge-Kutta method. Findings are presented graphically and discussed precisely.
Development of surface properties of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene film using side-chain crystalline block copolymers
Authors: Hirai Sho , Ishimoto Shoichi , Phanthong Patchiya , Yao Shigeru 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUltra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been widely used in industry; however, the applications for UHMWPE are limited because of low hydrophilic and adhesive properties. Herein, we developed the surface properties of UHMWPE by using side-chain crystalline block copolymers (SCCBCs), which consist of a side-chain crystalline unit and a functional unit. This process only required immersing the UHMWPE film in the diluted SCCBC solution, which enabled the UHMWPE surface to be coated homogeneously. The results of the contact angle and tensile shear test showed that the surface of UHMWPE modified with SCCBC was improved in hydrophilicity and adhesive properties. In addition, high adhesion strength was measured on UHMWPE surfaces dipped in a SCCBC solution at high temperature with the UHMWPE film becoming elongated at all parts other than the adhesion contact area.
Biogecoenological approaches to creating standing woods in the steppe zone
Authors: Gorejiko W. A. 
Published: February 2020

Feasibility of modern biogecoenological approaches to creating standing woods in the steppe zone of Ukraine has been demonstrated. Theoretical background of increasing forest cover percentage in the steppe zone based on the typology of standing woods by A. L. Belgard has been revealed. Experience gained in creating standing woods in Ukraine, achievements and errors depending on the technology used for forest planting are described.
Experimental comparison of forest improvement efficiency allowed to develop and recommend long-range structure of wood and shrub species and their balance in mixed forest stands. Cost-effective technology of soil cultivation for planting forests has been revealed. Validated design of protective belts, ways of keeping soils free of weeds as well as silvicultural management practices are recommended. Basic techniques of forest improvement on gully and ravine lands, particularly ways of relief optimization, are described in detail.
Technological characteristics of thinning in standing woods delivering the best possible wind permeability of protective belts are given. Actions aimed at reducing soil moisture deficit as well as improving microclimatic characteristics of forest belts and making the process of forest improvement more affordable are revealed.
Therefore, based on all-around study of standing woods under the conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine, more advanced and cost-effective techniques of creating standing woods that better meet silvicultural, reclamative and ecological requirements have been offered.
Influence of forest litter and rodents on the natural seed renewal process of forest biogeocoenoses of Dnepropetrovskaya oblast
Authors: Dubina A. O. , Reva O. A. , Shulman M. V. 
Published: February 2020

As known, the natural seed renewal process flows under the influence of spontaneous climatic and biotic factors in forest biogeocoenoses. In this process in the conditions of steppe Ukraine the role of forest litter and the rodents’ activities is increasing especially.
Investigations were carried out in natural and artificial forest biogeocoenoses of Prisamaria and Kirov forestry, as well as in reclaimed areas of the Western Donbass.
Stocks of forest litter and the number of rodents (common vole, house mouse, field mouse etc.) have been studied according to conventional methods.
It was found that in contrast to humid conditions in natural forests of steppe Ukraine the litter contributes to friendly seeds germination of main tree species ‒ English oak and Scotch pine. Thus the forest litter has a beneficial effect on such an important in the life of the forest process as the natural seed renewal. Only in rare cases when the litter thickness exceeds 4-5 cm (in the conditions of steppe such type of litter is very rare), there may be obstacles for seeds germination.
The optimum number of rodents in natural systems without prejudice to homeostasis of biosystems can range between 50-80 individuals/ha. Significant increases in the number of rodents cause a decrease in natural regeneration. A trophic role of rodents should be considered as a positive factor in the young artificial forest reclaiming plantations.
Strategies of care for adolescent users of crack undergoing treatment
Authors: Portella Ribeiro Juliane , Calcagno Gomes Giovana , Soares Mota Marina , Ortiz Santos Elitiele , Domingues Eslabão Adriane 
Published: February 2020

Objective. To analyze the care strategies of the adolescent crack user under treatment. Methods. Study of qualitative approach of descriptive type. The participants were 20 professionals from the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas (Center for Psychosocial Care Alcohol and Drugs) and 10 professionals from the Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-juvenil (Center for Child Psychosocial Care) in a municipality in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Data collection occurred through semi-structured interviews and the data were submitted to Thematic Analysis. Results. It was identified the development of strategies in four scopes: attractive activities in specialized services, the building of bonds between the team and the adolescent, the inclusion of family in the care and the intersectoral work. Conclusion. Care strategies, directed to and that address the needs of adolescents, contribute to better adherence to treatment and social reintegration.Descriptors: Adolescent; Crack Cocaine; Street Drugs; Mental Health; adolescent health services; qualitative research.How to cite this article: Ribeiro JP, Gomes GC, Mota MS, Ortiz E, Eslabão AD. Strategies of care for adolescent users of crack undergoing treatment. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e12.
FAKTOR PREDISPOSING, ENABLING DAN REINFORCING DENGAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PREMI BPJS KESEHATAN
Authors: Rafidah Fauzia , Adi Sapto , Ulfah Nurnaningsih Herya 
Published: February 2020

Abstract: This study aims to determine the relationship of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors to decision purchase of premium’s BPJS Health in the district Klojen Malang. The research design used was analytic observational with cross sectional approach. The sample was taken using cluster proportionate random sampling technique with 130 respondents who have BPJS Health card’s and domiciled in Klojen district. The results using simultant logistic regression ( X2 = 31,190 > X2table = 22,457) showed that education, knowledge, attitude, acces, income, and officer behaviour have significant relation with purchase decision. The conclusion of this research is predisposing, enabling and reinforcing have relationship with purchase decision of premium’s BPJS Health in Klojen Malang City. Keyword: BPJS health premium’s, purchase decision, predisposing, enabling, and reinforcingAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor prediposing, enabling, dan reinforcing dengan keputusan pembelian premi BPJS Kesehatan di Kecamatan Klojen Kota Malang. Desain penelitian menggunakan analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik cluster proportionate random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 130 responden yang memiliki kartu BPJS Kesehatan dan bertempat tinggal di Kecamatan Klojen. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji regresi logistik bersamasama ( X2 = 31,190 > X2table = 22,457) menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan, pengetahuan, sikap, akses, pendapatan, dan perilaku petugas memiliki hubungan dengan keputusan pembelian premi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah faktor predisposing, enabling, dan reinforcing memiliki hubungan dengan keputusan pembelian premi BPJS Kesehatan di Kecamatan Klojen Kota Malang. Kata Kunci: Premi BPJS Kesehatan, keputusan pembelian predisposing, enabling, dan reinforcing