bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of radiological instability signs in the distal radioulnar joint in children and adolescents with arthroscopically-verified TFCC tears
Authors: Schachinger Florian , Wiener Sascha , Carvalho Marcos F. , Weber Michael , Ganger Rudolf , Farr Sebastian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Recent reports in the adult literature reported the use of standardized radiographic measurement techniques to determine distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of (1) the MRI-based modified radioulnar ratio technique and (2) the pisoscaphoid (PiSca) and radioulnar (RaUl) distances in true lateral radiographs in children and adolescents with arthroscopically-verified TFCC tears.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively assessed lateral wrist radiographs and axial MRI sequences of 18 adolescent patients (22 wrists) who had arthroscopically-confirmed TFCC tears and compared them to similar imaging of a control group of 28 healthy patients (28 wrists). Three raters assessed the images twice in a 2-week interval. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), unifactorial ANOVA, and ROC analysis were performed with regards to the different radiographic variables.

Results
The interrater ICCs were almost perfect for all measurements except RaUl1, which showed a substantial agreement (0.751) among the three observers. The intrarater ICCs were almost perfect when measuring PiSca and MRI, and substantial to almost perfect for RaUl. Pearson‘s correlation showed a moderate, positive correlation between PiSca and RaUl distances (r = 0.608; p < 0.001), and a moderate, negative correlation between RaUl distance and MRI shift (r = − 0.486; p = 0.010). When the three core groups (peripheral, central tear, controls) were compared to each other regarding the radiographic instability parameters, only the MRI shift revealed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.003). Comparisons revealed significant differences between patients and controls (p = 0.004) and peripheral tears vs. controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.010). The ROC analysis revealed a significant AUC only for the MRI (AuC 0.787 and p = 0.002).

Conclusions
Children and adolescents with peripheral TFCC tears showed significantly increased instability parameters in MRI compared to controls. These measurement techniques are no replacement for a thorough clinical examination but may be helpful for indicating diagnostic wrist arthroscopy in ambiguous cases.

Level of evidence
Level III; Diagnostic.
Arthroscopic surgery versus physiotherapy for femoroacetabular impingement: a meta-analysis study
Authors: Gatz Matthias , Driessen Arne , Eschweiler Jörg , Tingart Markus , Migliorini Filippo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is thought to play an important role in the development of hip osteoarthritis. However, there is no consensus about the optimal treatment options, since non-operative therapy such as physiotherapy and surgical treatment such as arthroscopic hip surgery can both improve symptoms. Therefore, the aim of the present meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes between two different treatment regimes; physiotherapy versus arthroscopic treatment for FAI.

Methods
The present meta-analysis was carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. In November 2019, the main online databases were accessed. All the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing surgical arthroscopic treatment versus physiotherapy for FAI were considered for inclusion. Only articles reporting quantitative data under the outcomes of interest were included. For the all analysis, we used Review Manager Software. Data from 644 patients were analysed.

Results
Data from 644 patients were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 14.67 ± 8.3 months. The unpaired t test detected an optimal baseline comparability in terms of side, gender, years, duration of symptoms and BMI (p = 0.08–0.9). The VAS subscale of the score EQ-5D and the mean iHOT33 reported favourable values in the arthroscopic group (p = 0.03 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Similar findings were evidenced in the iHOT33 subgroup 6-months (p = 0.70) and 12-months (p = 0.0002). The HOS score, the ADL (p < 0.0001) and the sport (p = 0.0003) subscales reported both greater values in the arthroscopic group. No statistical significance was found concerning the risk to incur in further total hip arthroplasty (p = 0.72).

Conclusion
Based on only three high-quality RCTs, arthroscopic hip surgery is an effective therapeutic treatment for FAI revealing superior results than a non-surgical approach with physiotherapy.
Hermaphroditism in fishes: an annotated list of species, phylogeny, and mating system
Authors: Kuwamura Tetsuo , Sunobe Tomoki , Sakai Yoichi , Kadota Tatsuru , Sawada Kota 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFewer than 1% of vertebrate species are hermaphroditic, and essentially all of these are fishes. Four types of hermaphroditism are known in fishes: simultaneous (or synchronous) hermaphroditism (SH), protandry (male-to-female sex change; PA), protogyny (female-to-male sex change; PG), and bidirectional sex change (BS or reversed sex change in protogynous species). Here we present an annotated list of hermaphroditic fish species from a comprehensive review and careful re-examination of all primary literature. We confirmed functional hermaphroditism in more than 450 species in 41 families of 17 teleost orders. PG is the most abundant type (305 species of 20 families), and the others are much less abundant, BS in 66 species of seven families, SH in 55 species of 13 families, and PA in 54 species of 14 families. The recently proposed phylogenetic tree indicated that SH and PA have evolved several times in not-closely related lineages of Teleostei but that PG (and BS) has evolved only in four lineages of Percomorpha. Examination of the relation between hermaphroditism type and mating system in each species mostly supported the size-advantage model that predicts the evolution of sequential hermaphroditism. Finally, intraspecific variations in sexual pattern are discussed in relation to population density, which may cause variation in mating system.
System-specific systematic errors in earth rotation parameters derived from GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo
Authors: Zajdel Radosław , Sośnica Krzysztof , Bury Grzegorz , Dach Rolf , Prange Lars 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe earth rotation parameters (ERPs) are time-variable global geodetic parameters with a purely geophysical origin. Theoretically, the estimates of these parameters should be independent of the satellite constellation used in GNSS processing. Nonetheless, clear differences in the time series of ERPs are noticed when using different GNSS constellations. In this study, GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo estimates of ERP have been extensively evaluated in search of system-specific signals. Some of the processing details, such as modeling of the direct solar radiation pressure and length of the orbital arc, also have an impact on the ERP estimates. The GPS-based polar motion estimates are of better quality than those based on GLONASS and Galileo, which are susceptible to deficiencies in the orbit modeling. On the other hand, we observe a systematic bias of GPS-based length-of-day (LoD) with respect to the IERS-C04-14 values with a mean offset of − 22.4 µs/day. The Galileo-based solutions are almost entirely free of this issue. The extension of the orbital arc in the GNSS processing from 1 to 3 days is superior for the quality of the ERPs, especially for pole coordinate rates and LoD. The spurious signals inherently influence the Galileo-based and GLONASS-based ERPs at the frequencies which arise from the resonance between the satellite revolution period and earth rotation, e.g., 3.4 days for Galileo and 3.9 days for GLONASS. These and the draconitic signals overshadow the GNSS-based ERP estimates. Although all the system-specific solutions are affected by the artificial signals, the combination of different GNSS mitigates most of the uncertainties and improves the ERP results.
Modelling Eurasian beaver foraging habitat and dam suitability, for predicting the location and number of dams throughout catchments in Great Britain
Authors: Graham Hugh A. , Puttock Alan , Macfarlane William W. , Wheaton Joseph M. , Gilbert Jordan T. , Campbell-Palmer Róisín , Elliott Mark , Gaywood Martin J. , Anderson Karen , Brazier Richard E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEurasian beaver (Castor fiber) populations are expanding across Europe. Depending on location, beaver dams bring multiple benefits and/or require management. Using nationally available data, we developed: a Beaver Forage Index (BFI), identifying beaver foraging habitat, and a Beaver Dam Capacity (BDC) model, classifying suitability of river reaches for dam construction, to estimate location and number of dams at catchment scales. Models were executed across three catchments, in Great Britain (GB), containing beaver. An area of 6747 km2 was analysed for BFI and 16,739 km of stream for BDC. Field surveys identified 258 km of channel containing beaver activity and 89 dams, providing data to test predictions. Models were evaluated using a categorical binomial Bayesian framework to calculate probability of foraging and dam construction. BFI and BDC models successfully categorised the use of reaches for foraging and damming, with higher scoring reaches being preferred. Highest scoring categories were ca. 31 and 79 times more likely to be used than the lowest for foraging and damming respectively. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression showed that modelled dam capacity was significantly related (p = 0.01) to observed damming and was used to predict numbers of dams that may occur. Estimated densities of dams, averaged across each catchment, ranged from 0.4 to 1.6 dams/km, though local densities may be up to 30 dams/km. These models provide fundamental information describing the distribution of beaver foraging habitat, where dams may be constructed and how many may occur. This supports the development of policy and management concerning the reintroduction and recolonisation of beaver.
Assessment of process configurations to combine enantioselective chromatography with enzymatic racemization
Authors: Harriehausen Isabel , Wrzosek Katarzyna , Lorenz Heike , Seidel-Morgenstern Andreas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEnantioselective chromatography is nowadays a reliable tool for single enantiomer production from a racemate. The recovery of the distomer by racemization and recycling is a promising method to tackle the 50% yield constraint and to increase the productivity. In this paper three process configurations are compared. The production of enantiopure mandelic acid and methionine enantiomers exploiting different enzymes for racemization are evaluated as part of different chromatographic process configurations. First, the benefits of conventional simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography in contrast to a single column batch separation unit are assessed in integrated configurations. Then, a concept of coupling the racemization with a simpler three-zone SMB unit, where one regeneration zone is removed, is evaluated.
Reading Geography and Geographers and Political Geography today
Authors: Hall Katharine 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis reflection focuses on reading Geography and Geographers and Political Geography today. In particular, it examines these texts in relation to the contexts of the changing nature and structure of the university and the persistence of white supremacy and anti-black violence in our contemporary moment. In doing so, I look at how these texts might better include some of these challenges—to consider the increasing precarity of the academic job market and to better incorporate black geographies as foundational to the field.
Non-addictive Information Systems
Authors: Kloker Simon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAddiction in the context of information technology gained increased public interest within the last years. Only recently, companies like Apple, Google, and Instagram announced to fight smartphone addiction and integrated matching features in their systems. However, if and how these features really help is still an open question. At present, there is only a very rudimentary understanding of IT-triggered disorders and addictions in information systems. Even in clinical research, there is no consensus on the nature of these addictions yet. Nevertheless, the omnipresence of information technology in our daily lives and its unpredictable effects on our moods require this problem to be addressed in a profound manner. This paper links findings from psychology and neuroscience to the information systems terminology and derives the Four-Component Model for Non-addictive Information Systems (4-NAIS). The 4-NAIS allows locating how information technology interacts with the reinforcement cycle of addictions and provides a deeper understanding of where interventions and design decisions may really help tackle IT-triggered disorders.
Understanding dysnatremia
Authors: Voets Philip J. G. M. , Vogtländer Nils P. J. , Kaasjager Karin A. H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDysnatremia—either hyponatremia or hypernatremia—is frequently encountered in the clinical practice and often poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for physicians. Despite their frequent occurrence, disorders of the water and sodium balance in the human body have puzzled many physicians over the years and often remain elusive for those lacking experience in their interpretation and management. In this article, we derive a transparent governing equation that can be used by clinicians to describe how a change in relevant physiological parameters will affect the plasma sodium concentration. As opposed to many existing models, our model takes both input and output into account, and integrates osmolarity and tonicity. Our governing equation should be considered a means for clinicians to get a better qualitative understanding of the relationship between the plasma sodium concentration and the variables that influence it for a wide range of scenarios.
Identification and characterization of the bZIP transcription factor family in yellowhorn
Authors: Chang Qiaoying , Lu Xin , Liu Zhi , Zheng Zhimin , Yu Song 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor family is one of the largest and most diverse families in plants, regulating plant growth and development and playing an essential role in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. However, little is known about the biological functions of bZIP proteins in yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium). Recently, 64 XsbZIP genes were identified in the yellowhorn genome and found to be disproportionately distributed in linkage groups. The XsbZIP proteins clustered into 11 groups based on their phylogenetic relationships with AtbZIP, ZmbZIP and GmbZIP proteins. Five intron patterns in the basic and hinge regions and additional conserved motifs were defined, both supporting the group classification and possibly contributing to their functional diversity. Compared to tandem duplication, the segment duplication greatly contributed to the expansion of yellowhorn bZIP genes. In addition, most XsbZIP genes harbor several stress responsive cis-elements in their promoter regions. Moreover, the RNA-seq and qRT-PCR data indicated XsbZIP genes were extensively involved in response to various stresses, including salt (NaCl), cold and abscisic acid, with possibly different molecular mechanisms. These results provide a new understanding of the biological functions of bZIP transcription factors in yellowhorn.
Reliability of dynamic fluoroscopy for medial elbow stability in the presence of radial head resection
Authors: Bergmann Moritz , El-Barbari Jan , Porschke Felix , Grützner Paul A. , Guehring Thorsten , Schnetzke Marc 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine whether dynamic fluoroscopy is reliable for assessment of medial elbow stability in the presence of radial head resection and different stages of medial collateral ligament (MCL) dissection in a cadaveric elbow model.Materials and methodsSix intact elbow specimens were measured for joint angulation while applying valgus stress in four examination conditions (Examiner 1, Examiner 2, 1 Nm, 2 Nm) in four different elbow positions (fully pronated or supinated at 0° of elbow extension and 30° of elbow flexion). The elbow specimens were examined for valgus stress in three stages: (1) intact, (2) after radial head resection, and (3) after subsequent dissection of the complete MCL. Anteroposterior radiographs of the elbow were made at each stage to determine joint angulation. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated.ResultsIn intact elbows, mean joint angulation ranged from 2.2° ± 2.0 (1 Nm) to 5.2° ± 2.3 (Examiner 1). Radial head resection did not increase joint angulation during valgus stress, regardless of joint position and examination condition (Examiner 1: 5.5°; Examiner 2: 5.0°; 1 Nm: 2.6°, 2 Nm: 3.9°). Additional dissection of the MCL led to significantly higher joint angulation during measurements with the standardized torques (1 Nm: 12.4°; 2 Nm: 23.3°). Very good to excellent ICCs for joint angulation between Examiner 1 and Examiner 2 (0.861 to 0.959) were found.ConclusionDynamic fluoroscopy is a reliable diagnostic tool for determining medial elbow stability in the presence of radial head resection and different stages of MCL dissection.
Molecular cloning and characterization of five genes from embryogenic callus in Miscanthus lutarioriparius
Authors: Zhao Lingling , Zeng Xiaofei , Hu Xiaohu , Sheng Jiajing , Zhu Fenglin , Zhong Lin , Zhou Fasong , Jin Surong , Hu Zhongli , Diao Ying 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe regeneration from embryogenic callus of higher plants in tissue culture is regulated by explants types and developmental stage and also regulated by some genes. In Miscanthus lutarioriparius, five candidate genes were selected to decide the differential expression between embryogenic and non-embryogenic calli, including MlARF-GEP (guanine nucleotide-exchange protein of ADP ribosylation factor), MlKHCP (kinesin heavy chain like protein), MlSERK1 (somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases 1), MlSERK2 (somatic embryogenesis reportor-like kinases 2), and MlTypA (tyrosine phosphorylation protein A) with Genbank accession numbers KU640196–KU640200. Multiple sequence alignment analysis showed that five genes were highly conserved among members of their gene families respectively. Phylogenetic relationship analysis showed that five genes were closest with homologous genes of Zea mays and Sorghum. The qRT-PCR results showed significant differences of five genes expression pattern between two different callus types, the relative expression in embryogenic callus was detected to exceed in non-embryogenic callus. Furthermore, simple sequence repeats (SSR) marker statistics results via Chi-square showed a significant correlation between MlSERK1 genotype and induction of embryogenic callus in M. lutarioriparius. This study may lay the foundation of the molecular mechanism on the embryogenic callus induction of M. lutarioriparius and perhaps provide some gist for further study on genetic manipulation.
Correction to: Treatment of metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate delays progression of chronic kidney disease: the UBI Study
Authors:   The UBI Study Group, Di Iorio Biagio R. , Bellasi Antonio , Raphael Kalani L. , Santoro Domenico , Aucella Filippo , Garofano Luciano , Ceccarelli Michele , Di Lullo Luca , Capolongo Giovanna , Di Iorio Mattia , Guastaferro Pasquale , Capasso Giovambattista 
Published: May 2020

It occurred to us that a simple but significant calculation error was made in Table 2 in the dose of bicarbonate administered. Indeed, contrary to what reported in Table 2, the dose of sodium bicarbonate administered during study was:
Placebo Brain Stimulation Affects Subjective but Not Neurocognitive Measures of Error Processing
Authors: van Elk Michiel , Groenendijk Eva , Hoogeveen Suzanne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this preregistered EEG study was to show how expectations about enhanced or impaired performance through transcranial stimulation affect feelings of agency and error processing. Using a single-blind experimental design, participants (N = 57) were attached to a transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device, and in different blocks, they were verbally instructed to expect enhanced or impaired cognitive performance, or no effects of the brain stimulation. In all cases, but unbeknownst to the participants, we used an inert sham tDCS protocol. Subsequently, we measured their response to errors on a cognitive control task. Our expectancy manipulation was successful: participants reported improved subjective performance in the enhancement compared with the impairment condition—even though objective performance was kept at a constant level across conditions. Participants reported the highest feelings of agency over their task performance in the control condition, and lowest feelings of agency in the impairment condition. The expectancy manipulation did not affect the error-related negativity (ERN) in association with incorrect responses. During the induction phase, expecting impaired versus enhanced performance increased frontal theta power, potentially reflecting a process of increased cognitive control allocation. Our findings show that verbally induced manipulations can affect subjective performance on a cognitive control task, but that stronger manipulations (e.g., through conditioning) are necessary to induce top-down effects on neural error processing.
Connecting Middle Palaeolithic Datasets: the Interplay of Zooarchaeological and Lithic Data for Unravelling Neanderthal Behaviour
Authors: Ruebens Karen , Smith Geoff M. , Dogandžić Tamara , Steele Teresa E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe ongoing refinement of archaeological excavation and recording methods over the last decades has led to a significant increase in quantitative Middle Palaeolithic datasets that provide a record of past Neanderthal behaviour. Stone tools and butchered animal remains are the two main categories of Middle Palaeolithic archaeological remains and both provide distinctive insights into site formation and Neanderthal behaviour. However, the integration of these quantitative lithic and zooarchaeological datasets is key for achieving a full understanding of both site-specific and broader-scale patterns of Middle Palaeolithic subsistence. To explore novel ways to enhance the incorporation of these datasets, we organised a session at the 82nd annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology in Vancouver. An underlying theme was the problem of linking lithic and faunal variability. Are variations in subsistence strategies reflected by changes in toolmaking decisions? This paper will briefly introduce the possible ways these Middle Palaeolithic datasets can be integrated, illustrated with the papers included in this special volume, and discuss its potential for understanding the variability and interconnectedness of Neanderthal technologies and subsistence strategies.