bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ten‐year outcomes of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for neovascular age‐related macular disease: A single‐centre French study
Authors: Wolff Benjamin , Macioce Valerie , Vasseur Vivien , Castelnovo Laurent , Michel Guillaume , Nguyen Vuong , Daien Vincent , Mauget‐Faÿsse Martine , Gillies Mark 
Published: February 2020

AbstractImportanceLong‐term data of intravitreal injections of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors are lacking.BackgroundThis study aims to assess visual and anatomic outcomes of eyes with neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD) after 10 years of anti‐VEGF therapy.DesignRetrospective analysis of data from a prospectively designed database.ParticipantsOne hundred and sixteen eyes with nAMD (94 participants) that started anti‐VEGF therapy at least 10 years earlier.MethodsEyes were tracked by the Fight Retinal Blindness! registry.Main Outcome MeasuresMean change in visual acuity at 10 years vs baseline. Visual acuity was assessed by the number of letters read on a logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution chart.ResultsEyes received a median of 27.5 injections over 10 years. Mean visual acuity was 57.5 letters (SD 17.5) at baseline. It increased slightly at 1 year, then dropped steadily by 18 letters (95% CI: 13.7; 22.3) at 10 years. Overall, 10% of eyes gained ≥10 letters, 64% lost ≥10 letters and 23% remained stable (±5 letters from baseline). Geographic atrophy and subretinal fibrosis were found in 93% and 71%, respectively, after 10 years, both mostly affecting the centre of the fovea. Pre‐treated eyes (47.5%) had significantly worse visual acuity than treatment‐naïve eyes at baseline and during follow‐up and were significantly more likely to have atrophy and fibrosis.Conclusions and RelevanceDespite short‐term stabilization, long‐term visual outcomes of nAMD eyes under anti‐VEGF therapy may be poor. Development of atrophy and fibrosis, resulting from the natural progression of the disease, may partly explain this evolution.
A GLI3 variant leading to polydactyly in heterozygotes and Pallister‐Hall‐like syndrome in a homozygote
Authors: Kariminejad Ariana , Ghaderi‐Sohi Siavash , Keshavarz Elham , Hashemi Seyed Abolghasem , Parsimehr Elham , Szenker‐Ravi Emmanuelle , Khatoo Muznah , Faraji Zonooz Mehrshid , Reversade Bruno , Najmabadi Hossein , Hennekam Raoul C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVariants in transcriptional activator Gli Kruppel Family Member 3 (GLI3) have been reported to be associated with several phenotypes including Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (MIM #175700), Pallister‐Hall syndrome (PHS) (MIM #146510), postaxial polydactyly types A1 (PAPA1) and B (PAPB) (MIM #174200), and preaxial polydactyly type 4 (MIM #174700). All these disorders follow an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Hypothalamic hamartomas (MIM 241800) is associated with somatic variants in GLI3. We report a related couple with parents having PAPA1 and PAPB, who had a fetus with a phenotype most compatible with PHS. Molecular analyses demonstrated homozygosity for a pathogenic GLI3 variant (c.1927C > T; p. Arg643*) in the fetus and heterozygosity in the parents. The genetic analysis in this family demonstrates that heterozygosity and homozygosity for the same GLI3 variant can cause a different phenotype. Furthermore, the occurrence of Pallister‐Hall‐like syndrome in a homozygous patient should be taken into account in genetic counseling of families with PAPA1/PAPB.
Matching expert range maps with species distribution model predictions
Authors: Mainali Kumar , Hefley Trevor , Ries Leslie , Fagan William F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSpecies’ range maps based on expert opinion are a critical resource for conservation planning. Expert maps are usually accompanied by species descriptions that specify sources of internal range heterogeneity, such as habitat associations, but these are rarely considered when using expert maps for analyses. We developed a quantitative metric (expert score) to evaluate the agreement between an expert map and a habitat probability surface obtained from a species distribution model. This method rewards both the avoidance of unsuitable sites and the inclusion of suitable sites in the expert map. We obtained expert maps of 330 butterfly species from each of 2 widely used North American sources (Glassberg [1999, 2001] and Scott [1986]) and computed species‐wise expert scores for each. Overall, the Glassberg maps secured higher expert scores than Scott (0.61 and 0.41, respectively) due to the specific rules (e.g., Glassberg only included regions where the species was known to reproduce whereas Scott included all areas a species expanded to each year) they used to include or exclude areas from ranges. The predictive performance of expert maps was almost always hampered by the inclusion of unsuitable sites, rather than by exclusion of suitable sites (deviance outside of expert maps was extremely low). Map topology was the primary predictor of expert performance rather than any factor related to species characteristics such as mobility. Given the heterogeneity and discontinuity of suitable landscapes, expert maps drawn with more detail are more likely to agree with species distribution models and thus minimize both commission and omission errors.
Non‐aqueous dyeing of cotton fibre with reactive dyes: A review
Authors: Tang Alan Y.L. , Kan Chi‐wai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study reviews the evolution of and recent developments in non‐aqueous reactive dyeing systems for cotton fibre. As conventional water‐based reactive dyeing causes adverse effects to the environment because of the need for huge quantities of water and chemicals, as well as generating a substantial amount of effluents, one of the alternative ways to alleviate pressure on the environment is to switch the dyeing medium from an aqueous water‐based approach to a non‐aqueous solvent‐assisted approach. Among a wide variety of non‐aqueous dyeing methods, this review focuses on several non‐aqueous dyeing systems, including dyeing textile fibres with chlorinated solvents, dyeing cotton with the use of reverse micellar systems, a dye/solvent suspension system and a non‐nucleophilic solvent‐assisted dyeing system.
Ichthyoses in everyday practice: management of a rare group of diseases
Authors: Süßmuth Kira , Traupe Heiko , Metze Dieter , Oji Vinzenz 
Published: March 2020

SummaryIchthyoses comprise a heterogeneous group of hereditary disorders of keratinization characterized by a highly varied clinical picture. A distinction is made between common hereditary ichthyoses (ichthyosis vulgaris and X‐linked ichthyosis), which usually manifest themselves in the first year of life, and rare, sometimes severe congenital ichthyoses. Patients with very mild symptoms often do not even realize they have ichthyosis. The diagnosis is usually based on clinical evaluation. Molecular genetic testing as well as histological and electron microscopic studies may aid in confirming the diagnosis. Mapping a family tree is also diagnostically useful. Besides skin manifestations, important aspects of the clinical examination and history include disease onset, presence of a collodion membrane at birth as well as the presence of hair anomalies and extracutaneous signs and symptoms.Rigorous hydration of the skin (several times a day) and balneotherapy are the mainstay of ichthyosis treatment. For patients with severe disease, systemic acitretin treatment should be considered on a case‐by‐case basis. While ichthyoses are generally limited to the skin, there are syndromic forms that may affect other organs and that require interdisciplinarity cooperation. Although ichthyoses remain incurable, they can be managed well with symptomatic treatment. However, such treatment is frequently time consuming and expensive. In the future, novel therapeutic approaches might include enzyme replacement and gene therapies as well as antiinflammatory drugs.
BAY 81‐8973 demonstrated efficacy, safety and joint status improvement in patients with severe haemophilia A in the LEOPOLD I extension for ≤2 years
Authors: Mahlangu Johnny , Lopez Fernandez Maria Fernanda , Santagostino Elena , Lalezari Shadan , Tseneklidou‐Stoeter Despina , Beckmann Horst , Church Nikki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesBAY 81‐8973 (Kovaltry®), a full‐length, unmodified, recombinant human factor VIII, provided excellent bleeding control for patients with haemophilia A in the pivotal 1‐year LEOPOLD I trial. The LEOPOLD I extension evaluated long‐term efficacy and safety of BAY 81‐8973 prophylaxis.MethodsAfter completing LEOPOLD I, patients continued receiving 20‒50 IU/kg BAY 81‐8973 two‐ or three‐times weekly in the extension. Outcomes included annualised bleeding rate (ABR) and haemostasis during surgery.ResultsFifty‐five patients aged 12‐65 years participated in the extension. Median (range) exposure days during the 2‐year total study period was 309 (115‐355). No patient switched regimens. Median (Q1; Q3) ABR for all bleeds was 2.0 (1.0; 6.1) during the pivotal study, 2.0 (0.0; 5.2) during the extension, and 2.0 (0.5; 5.5) combined. The proportion of joint bleeds affecting target joints decreased (pivotal study: 90.9%, extension: 60.0%). Haemostasis was assessed as excellent/good in all five major surgeries. One serious adverse event (myocardial infarction) occurred in a patient with cardiovascular risk factors. No patients developed inhibitors.ConclusionsBAY 81‐8973 prophylaxis efficacy outcomes in the pivotal study were maintained or, in the case of joint protection, improved during the extension, with a safety and tolerability profile consistent with previous experience.
Creation of original Tamil character dataset through segregation of ancient palm leaf manuscripts in medicine
Authors: Subramani Kavitha , Subramaniam Murugavalli 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPalm leaves were one of the essential and primary sources for writing before the advent of paper. Tamil is one of the oldest southern Indian languages and among the ten oldest languages of the world. Agathiyar, a renowned Siddhar of ancient India, considered as the Father of Siddha Medicine, wrote all his therapeutic procedures only on palm leaf manuscripts, in the Tamil language. For modern day, people who try to only write and read new aspects of Tamil, identifying the ancient characters of the language is difficult. To expand readability and secure the written medicinal practices and traditions, a better recognition system is needed that can transform the ancient text images to modern ones, interpreting the ancient Tamil characters from palm leaves and understanding their contexts a time‐consuming and complicated process. Especially when it comes to medicine, the practitioners need to understand the contents of a manuscript, to apply them on a daily basis. Therefore, a recognition system is of much use to understand, interpret, and apply the techniques explained in the manuscript on a daily basis. This study is an attempt to create a considerable volume of Tamil character datasets through the segregation of ancient Tamil palm leaf manuscripts related to the field of medicine. In this study, the characters created are fed as inputs to expert systems for intelligent recognition of the context and content perceived to be present in the selected medical manuscripts. The characters have been identified in large numbers manually, and datasets are created using Gaussian distortion.
Preferential retention of algal carbon in benthic invertebrates: Stable isotope and fatty acid evidence from an outdoor flume experiment
Authors: Kühmayer Thomas , Guo Fen , Ebm Nadine , Battin Tom J. , Brett Michael T. , Bunn Stuart E. , Fry Brian , Kainz Martin J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

According to the River Continuum Concept, headwater streams are richer in allochthonous (e.g. terrestrial leaves) than autochthonous (e.g. algae) sources of organic matter for consumers. However, compared to algae, leaf litter is of lower food quality, particularly ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n‐3 PUFA), and would constrain the somatic growth, maintenance, and reproduction of stream invertebrates. It may be thus assumed that shredders, such as Gammarus, receive lower quality diets than grazers, e.g. Ecdyonurus, that typically feed on algae.

The objective of this study was to assess the provision of dietary PUFA from leaf litter and algae to the shredder Gammarus and the grazer Ecdyonurus. Three different diets (algae, terrestrial leaves, and an algae–leaf litter mix) were supplied to these macroinvertebrates in a flume experiment for 2 weeks. To differentiate how diet sources were retained in these consumers, algae were isotopically labelled with 13C.

Both consumers became enriched with 13C in all treatments, demonstrating that both assimilated algae. For Gammarus, n‐3 PUFA increased, whereas n‐6 PUFA stayed constant. By contrast, the n‐3 PUFA content of Ecdyonurus decreased as a consequence of declining algal supply.

Results from compound‐specific stable isotope analysis provided evidence that the long‐chain n‐3 PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in both consumers was more enriched in 13C than the short‐chain n‐3 PUFA α‐linolenic acid, suggesting that EPA was taken up directly from algae and not from heterotrophic biofilms on leaf litter. Both consumers depended on algae as their carbon and EPA source and retained their EPA from high‐quality algae.
If we cannot measure it, we cannot improve it: Understanding measurement problems in routine oral/dental assessments in Canadian nursing homes—Part II
Authors: Yoon Minn N. , Lu Lily (Ling) , Ickert Carla , Estabrooks Carole A. , Hoben Matthias 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the response process validity of the Resident Assessment Instrument—Minimum Data Set 2.0 (RAI) oral/dental items and the organisational processes for assessing nursing home (NH) residents’ oral/dental status.BackgroundAlthough care aides provide most direct care to NH residents, including oral care, they are not directly involved in structured care planning activities, including RAI assessments. This most likely affects the accuracy of RAI assessments, as well quality of care. However, we neither know how well regulated and unregulated care staff understand the RAI oral/dental items, nor what processes are used in completing oral/dental assessments.MethodsWe conducted nine focus groups with 44 care aides, nurses, allied health providers, clinical specialists and managers. We discussed randomly selected RAI oral/dental assessments with focus group participants, including participants’ understanding of the items and why the options were selected. Participants also explained the communication and process for completing the RAI.ResultsParticipants’ perceptions of the oral/dental items aligned fairly well with the item definitions. However, responses primarily focused on severe oral/dental problems with obvious physical characteristics (eg black teeth denoting caries). For non‐visual oral problems, such as pain, staff relied on resident verbalisation. No formal mechanisms were described for care aides to update nurses on residents’ oral health needs.ConclusionsPerformance problems of RAI oral/dental items are largely rooted in poor communication between care aides and nurses and not integrating care aides in assessment processes. We need policies that address these problems in order to improve NH residents’ poor oral health.
A New R Program for Flow‐Log Analysis of Single Holes (FLASH‐R)
Authors: Barbosa Marcos B. , Terry Neil , Day‐Lewis Frederick D. , Bertolo Reginaldo , Lane John W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA new version of the computer program FLASH (Flow‐Log Analysis of Single Holes) is presented for the analysis of borehole vertical flow logs to estimate fracture (or layer) transmissivities and far‐field hydraulic heads. The program is written in R, an open‐source environment. All previous features have been retained and new features incorporated including more rigorous parameter estimation, uncertainty analysis, and improved data import. The program has a dynamic user interface compatible with most operating systems.
Value Commitment, Resolute Choice, and the Normative Foundations of Behavioural Welfare Economics
Authors: DesRoches C. Tyler 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGiven the endowment effect, the role of attention in decision‐making, and the framing effect, most behavioural economists agree that it would be a mistake to accept the satisfaction of revealed preferences as the normative criterion of choice. Some have suggested that what makes agents better off is not the satisfaction of revealed preferences, but ‘true’ preferences, which may not always be observed through choice. While such preferences may appear to be an improvement over revealed preferences, some philosophers of economics have argued that they face insurmountable epistemological, normative, and methodological challenges. This article introduces a new kind of true preference – values‐based preferences – that blunts these challenges. Agents express values‐based preferences when they choose in a manner that is compatible with a consumption plan grounded in a value commitment that is normative, affective, and stable for the agent who has one. Agents who choose according to their plans are resolute choosers. My claim is that while values‐based preferences do not apply to every choice situation, this kind of preference provides a rigorous way for thinking about classic choice situations that have long interested behavioural economists and philosophers of economics, such as ‘Joe‐in‐the‐cafeteria.’
SIRT3 deficiency delays diabetic skin wound healing via oxidative stress and necroptosis enhancement
Authors: Yang Shengju , Xu Mengting , Meng Guoliang , Lu Yan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSirtuin 3 (SIRT3) plays a vital role in several dermatological diseases. However, the role and detailed mechanism of SIRT3 in diabetic wound healing are unknown well yet. To explore possible involvement of SIRT3 and necroptosis in diabetic skin wound healing, SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice and 129S1/SvImJ wild‐type (WT) mice were injected with streptozotocin (STZ), and mice skin fibroblasts were exposed to high glucose (HG). It was found that SIRT3 expression decreased in the skin of diabetic patients. SIRT3 deficiency delayed healing rate, reduced blood supply and vascular endothelial growth factor expression, promoted superoxide production, increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, decreased total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC), reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and aggravated ultrastructure disorder in skin wound of diabetic mice. SIRT3 deficiency inhibited mice skin fibroblasts migration with HG stimulation, which was restored by SIRT3 overexpression. SIRT3 deficiency also suppressed α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) expression, enhanced superoxide production but decreased mitochondrial membrane potential with HG stimulation after scratch. SIRT3 deficiency further elevated receptor‐interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3), RIPK1 and caspase 3 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, SIRT3 deficiency delayed skin wound healing in diabetes, the mechanism might be related to impaired mitochondria function, enhanced oxidative stress and increased necroptosis. This may provide a novel therapeutic target to accelerate diabetic skin wound healing.
Exploring the cognitive, emotional and sensory correlates of social anxiety in autistic and neurotypical adolescents
Authors: Pickard Hannah , Hirsch Colette , Simonoff Emily , Happé Francesca 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundSocial anxiety is common in autistic adolescents. While emerging evidence indicates the importance of several mechanisms (including intolerance of uncertainty (IU), alexithymia and sensory processing) for maintaining anxiety, limited research has explored how these factors are associated with social anxiety in autistic adolescents.MethodsWe investigated whether IU, emotional and sensory processing are related to social anxiety in autistic and neurotypical adolescents, gathering experimental and questionnaire data from 61 autistic and 62 neurotypical 11‐ to 17‐year‐olds recruited to have similarly high levels of anxiety.ResultsIn autistic and neurotypical adolescents matched for social anxiety, similar significant associations were observed between social anxiety and IU, alexithymia, maladaptive emotion regulation, sensory hypersensitivity and interoceptive sensibility. Taking a dimensional approach, we found that child‐ and parent‐reported IU, alexithymia and sensory hypersensitivity mediated the relationship between autistic traits and social anxiety symptoms in the combined group of adolescents.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that similar correlates of social anxiety are evident in autistic and neurotypical youths experiencing social anxiety and further our understanding of mechanisms that may contribute towards social anxiety in both groups.
Associations between ADHD and emotional problems from childhood to young adulthood: a longitudinal genetically sensitive study
Authors: Stern Adi , Agnew‐Blais Jessica C. , Danese Andrea , Fisher Helen L. , Matthews Timothy , Polanczyk Guilherme V. , Wertz Jasmin , Arseneault Louise 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with emotional problems, and their co‐occurrence often leads to worse outcomes. We investigated the developmental associations between ADHD and emotional problems from childhood to early adolescence and examined the genetic and environmental contributions to their developmental link. We further tested whether this developmental association remained across the transition to young adulthood.MethodsWe used data from the Environmental Risk (E‐Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a cohort of 2,232 British twins. In childhood, ADHD and emotional problems were assessed at ages 5, 7, 10 and 12 with mothers’ and teachers’ reports. At age 18, we used self‐reported symptoms according to DSM‐5 criteria for ADHD, and DSM‐IV for anxiety and depression.ResultsLongitudinal analyses showed that earlier ADHD was associated with later emotional problems consistently across childhood. However, earlier emotional problems were not associated with later ADHD symptoms. The developmental association between ADHD and later emotional problems in childhood was entirely explained by common genetic factors. Consistent with results in childhood, earlier symptoms of ADHD were associated with later emotional problems during the transition to young adulthood.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that ADHD symptoms are predictors of the development of emotional problems, from childhood up to young adulthood, through shared genetic influences. Interventions targeting ADHD symptoms might prevent the development of emotional problems. Clinicians treating youth with ADHD must be aware of their risk for developing emotional problems and ought to assess, monitor and treat emotional problems alongside ADHD symptoms from childhood to adulthood.