bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic and functional adaption of the gastrointestinal microbiome of goats kept at high altitude (4800 m) under intensive or extensive rearing conditions
Authors: Zhang Ke , He Chong , Xu Yangbin , Zhang Chenguang , Li Chao , Jing Xu , Wang Meili , Yang Yuxin , Suo Langda , Kalds Peter , Song Jiuzhou , Wang Xiaolong , Brugger Daniel , Wu Yujiang , Chen Yulin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The gut microbiota composition is influenced by the diet as well as the environment in both wild and domestic animals. Although the rumen microbiome in herbivorous ruminants has been studied intensively, there is a lack of data regarding the simultaneous adaption of the rumen and hindgut metagenome as affected by different feeding systems in extreme environments. Therefore, we studied the effects of two feeding systems, grazing and drylot, on the rumen and hindgut microbiome composition of semi-feral Tibetan goats kept at high altitude (~4800 m). 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic analysis were conducted on DNA extracts from the contents and mucosal layer of different sections of the gastrointestinal tract (rumen, cecum, and colon).Results: Intensive drylot feeding resulted in significantly higher zootechnical performance, narrower ruminal acetate: propionate ratios and a drop in the average rumen pH at slaughter to ~5.04. In response, the ruminal microbiome of drylot goats expressed a significantly lower diversity compared to the grazing animals. Otherwise, hindgut microbial adaption appeared to more diverse in the drylot group suggesting a higher influx of undegraded complex non-starch polysaccharides from the rumen. Despite their higher fiber levels in the diet, grazing goats exhibited lower counts of Methanobrevibacter and genes associated with the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis pathway, presumably reflecting the scarce dietary conditions (low energy density) when rearing goats on pasture from extreme alpine environments. These conditions appeared to promote a relevant abundance of bacitracin genes, which potentially benefits the host's adaption to harsh environmental conditions. In parallel, we recognized a significant increase in the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in the digestive tracts of drylot animals.Conclusion: In summary, this study provides a deeper insight in the phylogenetic and functional adaption of the gastrointestinal microbiome of goats subject to intensive drylot and extensive pasture rearing conditions at high altitude.
CbPLDγ gene from Chorispora bungeana: Gene cloning, characterization, expression, and expression analysis in drought
Authors: Yang Ning , Liu Bo , Yang Pengjun , Li Hui , Zhou Yaping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Chorispora bungeana (C. bungeana) is a typical subnival alpine species, which shows high tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses. Phospholipase D (PLD) is a crucial enzyme participated in membrane phospholipid catabolism. In this study, to explore the function of CbPLDγ in drought stress, we cloned and characterized a CbPLDγ gene, which is a part of CbPLD gene family and from C. bungeana.Methods: Use the gateway method for vector construction, using DNAstar software, PCR machine, centrifuge, pipette, electrophoresis, gel imaging system, spectrophotometer, confocal microscope, etc. Spss, Orgin software for statistical analysis.Results: The CbPLDγ gene encodes 859 amino acids containing "FIYIENQYF" domain and two HKD domains. Bioinformatics analyses showed that the CbPLDγ is highly homologous with PLDs from other plant species. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Beta-glucuronidase (GUS) assay showed that CbPLDγ was accumulated dominantly in roots and stems. Compered with the control, the expression pattern of the CbPLDγ mRNA is in response to low temperature, salt, mannitol, and exogenous ABA have up-regulated. Subcellular localisation analysis showed that the CbPLDγ was localized in the cell membrane. Compared with wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana, CbPLDγ gene overexpression plants showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes, and lower levels of malonidiadehyde content and electrolyte leakage under drought stress.Conclusions: In this study, novel PLDγ gene was amplification from C. bungeana and was called CbPLDγ. These confirmed that CbPLDγ involved in the response to drought stress, and has the potential to improve the drought tolerance of plants. This is the first report about cloning and characterizing the gene of CbPLDγ from C. bungeana. It laid a foundation for further research and improvement of the PLD gene family of C. bungeana.
Pharmacist Led Homeless Outreach Engagement and Non-Medical Independent Prescribing (Rx) (PHOENIx) Intervention for People Experiencing Homelessness: A Non- Randomised Feasibility Study
Authors: Lowrie Richard , Stock Kate , Lucey Sharon , Knapp Megan , Williamson Andrea , Montgomery Margaret , Lombard Cian , Maguire Donogh , Allan Rachael , Blair Rebecca , Paudyal Vibhu , Mair Frances S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHomelessness and associated mortality and multimorbidity rates are increasing. Systematic reviews have failed to identify complex interventions that decrease unscheduled emergency health services utilisation or increase scheduled care. Better evidence is needed to inform policy responses. We examined the feasibility of a complex intervention (PHOENIx: Pharmacist led Homeless Outreach Engagement Nonmedical Independent prescribing (Rx)) to inform a subsequent pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT).MethodsNon-randomised trial with comparator group set in Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board, Scotland. Participants were adult inpatients experiencing homelessness in a city centre Glasgow hospital, at the point of hospital discharge. All patients were offered and agreed to receive serial consultations with the PHOENIx team (NHS Pharmacist prescriber working with Simon Community Scotland (third sector homeless charity worker). Patients who could not be reached by the PHOENIx team were allocated to the usual care (UC) group. The PHOENIx intervention included assessment of physical/mental health, addictions, housing, benefits and social activities followed by pharmacist prescribing with referral to other health service specialities as necessary. All participants received primary (including specialist homelessness health service general practitioner care, mental health and addictions services) and secondary care. Main outcome measures were rates of: recruitment; retention; uptake of the intervention; and completeness of collected data, from recruitment to censor date.Results Twenty four patients were offered and agreed to participate; 12 were reached and received the intervention as planned with a median 7.5 consultations (IQR3.0-14.2) per patient. The pharmacist prescribed a median of 2 new (IQR0.3-3.8) and 2 repeat (1.3-7.0) prescriptions per patient; 10(83%) received support for benefits, housing or advocacy. Twelve patients were not subsequently contactable after leaving hospital, despite agreeing to participate, and were assigned to UC. Two patients in the UC group died of drug/alcohol overdose during follow up; no patients in the Intervention group died. All 24 patients were retained in the intervention or UC group until death or censor date and all patient records were accessible at follow up: 11(92%) visited ED in both groups, with 11(92%) hospitalisations in intervention group, 9(75%) comparator group. Eight (67%) intervention group patients and 3(25%) comparator group patients attended scheduled out patient appointments. Conclusions Feasibility testing of the PHOENIx intervention suggests merit in a subsequent pilot RCT.
Circular RNA circ-PAN3 (hsa_circ_0100181) Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Growth Through Sponging miR-153 to Elevate Cyclin D1 Expression
Authors: Yu Shuo , Wang Min , Li Xu , Guo Xingjun , Qin Renyi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are engaged in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression, but the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to unveil the expression pattern and potential biological mechanisms of a newly indentified circRNA, circ-PAN3, in HCC. Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK‐8) assay and colony formation assay were used to assess cell proliferation. Transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis and western blot analysis were used to determine the relative expression level of mRNA and protein, respectively. Cell apoptosis assay was used to evaluate the apoptosis rate of transfected cells. CircInteractome and Targetscan were utilized to predict the possible targets of circRNAs and miRNAs, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were used to assess the direct interaction of RNAs. HCC cancer xenograft model was used to evaluate the biological process of circ-PAN3 in vivo. Student’s t test, χ2 test or one-way ANOVA was adopted appropriately.Results: Circ-PAN3 was elevated in HCC tissues, and patients with high Circ-PAN3 expression had a poor survival outcome. Knockdown of circ-PAN3 expression suppressed cell viability, colony formation and cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Circ-PAN3 elevates cyclin D1 expression to promote HCC progression. Subsequently, using CircInteractome, miR-153 were confirmed to interact with circ-PAN3 and was downregulated by circ-PAN3. Further, using Targetscan, cyclin D1 was validated to interact with miR-153 and was downregulated by miR-153. Addition of miR-153 expression with corresponsive mimics significantly reduced the expression of cyclin D1. Notably, the inhibition of cell viability, colony formation and proliferation induced by knockdown of circ-PAN3 were recovered following the combination with miR-153 inhibitor, cyclin D1, respectively. Conclusion: Together, this study demonstrated that a novel circ-PAN3/miR-153/cyclin D1 axis regulatory axis that promoted HCC progression.
Spacecraft Pose Estimation Based on Different Camera Model
Authors: Mo Li-Dong , Chi Guan-Xin , Zhao Zhen-Qing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Spacecraft pose estimation is an important technology for spacecraft to maintain or change its orientation in space. For spacecraft pose estimation, when two spacecraft are relatively far away, the depth information of the space point is less than that of measuring distance, so that the camera model can be seen as a weak perspective projection model. In this paper, a spacecraft pose estimation algorithm based on four symmetrical points of the spacecraft outline is proposed. Analytical solution of spacecraft pose is obtained by solving the weak perspective projection model, which can meet the requirements of the measurement model when there is a long measurement distance. Optimal solution is obtained from the weak perspective projection model to the perspective projection model, which can meet the measurement requirement when the measuring distance is close. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can get better results even though the noise is large.
Effects of dietary licorice extract on serum Biochemical index, tissues antioxidant capacity and immunity function of weaned piglets
Authors: Ting You , Yong Tang Jia , Gang Jia , Mang Liu Guang , Gang Tian , Ling Chen Xiao , Yi Cai Jing , Bo Kang , Hua Zhao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the effects of dietary licorice extract (LE) on antioxidant capacity and immunity in weaned piglets. A total of 96 DLY (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned piglets were randomly assigned to four treatments. The control group were fed a corn–soybean meal-based diet (basal diet, BD), and three LE level groups were fed on BD supplied with 50、150 and 250 mg/kg LE. The trial lasted 5 weeks. At day 35, six piglets per treatment were killed and blood, liver, spleen, and thymus were collected.Results: The result showed that: 1)Dietary LE increased (P < 0.05) activity of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and reduced (P < 0.05) the activity of glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST), 50 mg / kg LE reduced (P < 0.05) total cholesterol (TC) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum. 2) The addition of 150 and 250 mg / kg LE increased (P < 0.05) glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in liver and spleen, increased (P < 0.05) the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in serum and spleen . 50 mg / kg LE increased (P < 0.05) the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in serum. Three doses of LE reduced (P < 0.05) serum malondialdehyde content (MDA). 3) 150 mg / kg LE increased (P < 0.05) serum IgG level. 4) Dietary LE down-regulated (P < 0.05) the mRNA levels of 7 immune-related genes (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1, ICAM-1) in the thymus; 50 mg / kg LE and 150 mg / kg LE down-regulated (P < 0.05) the mRNA levels of TNF-α, while 250 mg / kg LE up-regulated the mRNA levels of 2 inflammatory genes (IL-1β, and ICAM-1) in the spleen; three levels of LE down-regulated (P < 0.05 the mRNA levels of 3 inflammatory genes (IL-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1) in the liver.Conclusions: In summary, LE supplementation regulates the activity of serum biochemical enzyme, improves the antioxidant capacity and immune function of in serum, liver, spleen and thymus, those improvement may contributes to the promotion of growth performance of weaned piglets. In general, 150 mg / kg LE exhibits better effect.
Circulating microRNAs in Early Breast Cancer Patients and Its Association With Lymph Node Metastases
Authors: Escuin Daniel , López-Vilaró Laura , Bell Olga , Mora Josefina , Moral Antonio , Pérez-García José Ignacio , Cajal Teresa Ramón y , Arqueros Cristina , Lerma Enrique , Barnadas Agustí 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent years, miRNAs have emerged as important regulators of many cellular processes, including the various steps of the metastatic process. In addition, circulating miRNAs appear to be surprisingly stable in peripheral blood making them ideal noninvasive biomarkers for disease diagnosis. Here, we investigated the expression profile of circulating miRNAs and their association with the metastatic lymph node status in early breast cancer patients. Methods: We designed a proof-of-principle study using 16 plasma samples from patients with known sentinel lymph node status (n=12 positive and n=4 negative). We performed RNA-sequencing and validated the results by qPCR. Gene Ontology term enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses were carried out using DAVID tools.Results: We found16 differentially expressed miRNAs after adjusting for false discovery correction (q < 0.01) in patients with positive samples. Thirteen miRNAs were down-regulated (miR-339-5p, miR-133a-3p, miR-326, miR-331-3p, miR-369-3p, miR-328-3p, miR-26a-3p, miR-139-3p, miR-493-3p, miR-664a-5p, miR-323b-3pmiR-1307-3p and miR-423-3p) and 3 were up-regulated (miR-101-3p, miR-146a-5p and miR-144-3p). Hierarchical clustering using differentially expressed miRNAs clearly distinguished patients according to their lymph node status. We did not find any difference in the miRNA expression profile between plasma samples associated with macrometastasis or micrometastasis. The expression of 9 miRNAs was validated by qPCR. Moreover, gene ontology analysis showed a significant enrichment of biological processes associated with the regulation of the epithelial mesenchymal transition, cell proliferation and transcriptional regulation. Conclusions: Our results indicated the potential role of several circulating miRNAs as surrogate markers of lymph node metastases in early breast cancer patients. Further validation in a larger cohort of patients will be necessary to confirm our results.
The Value of Different Types of Economic and Budget Analysis for Informing Real World Decision Making: the Case of Cervical Cancer Screening in South Africa
Authors: Rensburg Craig van , Meyer-Rath Gesine , Campos Nicole G. , Miot Jacqui , Lince-Deroche Naomi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives South Africa recently updated its cervical cancer screening policy, which we used as a case study to compare the outcomes of different methods of economic evaluation and their potential contributions to decision making.Methods We applied three evaluation methods – cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), budget impact analysis (BIA) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) – to six strategies for screening and treatment of cervical pre-cancer lesions in HIV-positive women. Strategies included screening with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA); cytology, followed by colposcopic biopsy; and HPV DNA testing. Strategies also differed by number of visits for screening and management, and treatment (cryotherapy or LEEP). Results Ranking of strategies differed by evaluation method. HPV DNA testing with LEEP ranked highest in the CEA but had the largest budget impact. VIA 1- visit ranked highly across the methods. Cytology was dominated in the CEA but was more affordable than HPV DNA testing, and scored lowest on the MCDA despite being the method chosen in the policy for the scale up of services. Conclusions Standard economic evaluations often rely on CEA for priority setting. In our study, the difference in strategy rankings between the evaluation methods demonstrates the tension between CEA, budget constraints, and other decision-maker priorities. While MCDA may be best placed to offer multi-faceted input, it struggles to resolve this tension when policy decisions are made over a number of sequential steps.
Radiographic, Computed Tomographic and Cellular Phenotypic Features of Primary Nasal Transmissible Venereal Tumors in Four Dogs
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Waseem , Lau Seng Fong , Rani Puteri Azaziah Megat Abdul , Azahari Ikhwan Saufi Ahamad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Primary nasal canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a rare disease, developed by allografted transmission of neoplastic cells in the nasal cavity. The disease reported quite uncommonly in free roaming dogs with social behaviour of excessive licking and vigorously sniffing the affected parts of the other dogs in an endemic community. A non-resolving chronic epistaxis and/or serosanguinous discharge from nares is a common historical complaint. Usually, cytology of the nasal discharge/epistaxis or fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of nasal tissue is sufficient for definitive diagnosis. Currently, computed tomography scan (CT-scan) is the best modality to check the invasiveness of the disease and perform modified Adams staging of canine nasal tumors. In present study, all four dogs have stage-4 nasal tumors, due to the complete or partial lysis of the cribriform plate and lymphocytoid plasmacytoid (mixed) phenotype of the neoplastic cells based on the cellularity of cytological samples. All four dogs responded well to five cycles of vincristine sulphate and recovered completely from presented clinical signs. Prognosis is good based on the findings of present study.
A Interação entre as Universidades e o Empreendedorismo
Authors: Bussler Nairana Radtke Caneppele , Storopoli José Eduardo , Martens Cristina Dai Prá , Nassif Vânia Maria Jorge 
Published: August 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a interação entre as universidades e o empreendedorismo a partir da relação com a indústria e o conhecimento desenvolvido, por meio de mapeamento científico. Os dados coletados foram de fonte secundária por se tratar de uma pesquisa bibliométrica. A seleção da amostra foi realizada por meio de palavras-chave descritas na base Scopus, sendo elas “knowledg*”, “universit*”, “industr*” e “entrepreneur*”, gerando 249 artigos do período compreendido entre 2009 a 2017. Empregou-se técnicas de bibliometria, especificamente análise de cocitação, acoplamento e coocorrência bibliográfica. As principais contribuições do estudo estão relacionadas a identificação do que já foi abordado, e quais são os campos em ascensão de publicações sobre a relação entre universidades e empreendedorismo. Compreende-se que o processo empreendedor acadêmico se origina com a motivação dos professores, da universidade, das indústrias e do governo, além do engajamento dos alunos com o objetivo de disseminar e comercializar o conhecimento que se origina dentro do ambiente universitário, por meio de atividades e ferramentas que não podem existir isoladamente sem estarem relacionadas com essas instâncias.
Sustainability and risk assessment matrix (SRAM): pathway to water security
Authors: Odjegba Enovwo , Oluwasanya Grace , Sadiq Adebayo , Brion Gail 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWater security, as a Sustainable Development Goal, ensures that sustainable water supply is consistently available to every individual. A water supply systems (WSS) assessment matrix was designed as a tool for assessing WSS in low-income countries; with selected urban, peri-urban and rural Nigerian communities as case studies. Sustainability of the WSS was assessed through established criteria against five sustainability factors. Sanitary surveys were conducted to evaluate the risks associated with the WSS using sanitary inspection forms, through which the sanitary risk scores (SRS) were derived. For sustainability, the WSS were ranked as Very High, High, Medium and Low Sustainability, and for SRS as Very High, High, Intermediate and Low Risk. A Sustainability and Risk Assessment Matrix (SRAM) was designed using sustainability evaluation and risk assessment for the WSS. The WSS in the rural areas are more ‘Secure’ than those in urban and peri-urban towns, and boreholes are more ‘Secure’ than hand-dug wells, but none of the public water points are scored ‘Secure’. The paper concludes that SRAM provides a cost-effective method of classification and may serve as a pre-water quality and source sustainability assessment tool, especially in low-income countries, as part of the measures to achieve water security.
Multi-parameter calibration of a UV/Vis spectrometer for online monitoring of sewer systems
Authors: Pacheco Fernández Micaela , Knutz Thorsten , Barjenbruch Matthias 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
UV/Vis spectrometers are powerful tools for online monitoring of wastewater constituents and processes. However, most studies only focus on typical parameters such as chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids. This work presents a multi-parameter approach for calibration of a UV/Vis spectrometer for online monitoring of sewer systems. Parameters studied include soluble and total COD, nitrate, ammonium, sulphate and orthophosphate, as well as total dissolved sulphide, bisulphide and hydrogen sulphide, because they are one of the main causes for odour and corrosion in sewer systems. Two calibration methods are compared: multiple linear regression included in the manufacturer's software, and partial least square (PLS) computed using the pls package of the R library. Performance of the methods is evaluated for calibration and validation data sets employing four different criteria: relative root mean square error (RMSErel), RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency and percentage bias. A method-parameter dependency was revealed during the calibration phase but, when predicting new data, the PLS method showed higher robustness for almost all parameters. Both methods were able to predict concentration trends associated with sewer processes, some of which are strongly correlated to the sulphide species.