bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemische, soziale und emotionale Herausforderungen und Glücksmomente im beruflichen Alltag von haupt- und nebenberuflichen YouTuber*innen
Authors: Albiez Milena 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungZiel der vorliegenden Untersuchung in der Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation (GIO) war es, die Herausforderungen und Motivationen von YouTuber*innen in ihrer Tätigkeit als Content-Creator herauszufinden und mögliche Ursachen zu benennen. Es konnte anhand von leitfadengestützten Interviews und deren Auswertung dargelegt werden, dass YouTuberinnen und YouTuber in ihrer Tätigkeit als Content Creator auf YouTube mit einem hohen Maß an systemischen, emotionalen und sozialen Belastungen konfrontiert sind. Diese Belastungen führen unter bestimmten Umständen zu einem Erschöpfungszustand oder zum Burnout. Diesen prekären Arbeitssituationen stehen übermäßig positiv beschriebene Glücksmomente gegenüber, die dazu beitragen, dass YouTuber*innen die Tätigkeit weiter fortführen. Die Ursachen dieser Herausforderungen liegen in der Selbstreferenz der Tätigkeit, der Vereinzelung in der Tätigkeit und im Alleinsein in der Tätigkeit, die diese Herausforderungen, als individualisierte Probleme darstellen. Es handelt sich also weniger um individuelle Belastungen, sondern um medientechnologische Umbrüche, sozioökonomischen Veränderungen und Subjektivierung der Arbeitswelt, die dazu geführt haben, dass der Faktor Gruppe in dieser Art von Tätigkeit, zwischen Individuum und Organisation, weniger vorhanden ist.
In search of the good dam: contemporary views on dam planning in Latin America
Authors: Schulz Christopher , Adams William M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDam planning and construction is notoriously difficult. It is highly complex, involving a multitude of social, environmental, economic and technological questions that often become politicised in the process; negative impacts are often concentrated on small, vulnerable groups within society, while the benefits are typically spread in a much more diffuse pattern; it requires changing riverine ecosystems, often irreversibly so; and it takes a very long time, with often harsh consequences if mistakes are made. These challenges have generated decades of debate around dams and development, yet it is not clear how dam planning and management can be improved. To address this question, the present study used Q methodology to analyse the views of social and environmental researchers on dams in Latin America on the principles that should guide dam development. The Q analysis rendered three idealised viewpoints: The first suggested that defending the rights of vulnerable people should be the main priority, as a counterbalance to the natural bias towards economically and politically powerful actors within the political economy of dam construction. The second implied adoption of a holistic and scientific vision towards dam decision-making and a focus of efforts on perfecting formal procedures and participatory processes to build better dams in the future. The third called into question the need for dams altogether and concentrated attention on invisible and overlooked aspects of dam decision-making, particularly past injustices, and the rights of indigenous communities to determine their own model of development. Each viewpoint represents an alternative vision for future dam planning and clarifies the choices available to policy-makers and development actors. Moreover, viewpoints give insights into the motivations of those who seek to inform debates on dams and development. While they were identified in the context of dam-decision making, our findings may also be relevant to other fields of sustainable development.
Neuroprotective Effect of Fractalkine on Radiation-induced Brain Injury Through Promoting the M2 Polarization of Microglia
Authors: Wang Jiaojiao , Pan Huijiao , Lin Zhenyu , Xiong Chunjin , Wei Chunhua , Li Huanhuan , Tong Fan , Dong Xiaorong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRadiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is a serious complication in cancer patients receiving brain radiotherapy, and accumulating evidence suggests that microglial activation plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Fractalkine (FKN) is a crucial mediator responsible for the biological activity of microglia. In this study, the effect of FKN on activated microglial after irradiation and RIBI was explored and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Our study demonstrated treatment with exogenous FKN diminished radiation-induced production of pro-inflammatory factors, such as IL1-β and TNFα, promoted transformation of microglial M1 phenotype to M2 phenotype after irradiation, and partially recovered the spatial memory of irradiated mice. Furthermore, upregulation of FKN/CX3CR1 via FKN lentivirus promoted radiation-induced microglial M2 transformation in the hippocampus and diminished the spatial memory injury of irradiated mice. Furthermore, while inhibiting the expression of CX3CR1, which exclusively expressed on microglia in the brain, the regulatory effect of FKN on microglia and cognitive ability of mice disappeared after radiation. In conclusion, the FKN could attenuate RIBI through the microglia polarization toward M2 phenotype by binding to CX3CR1 on microglia. Our study unveiled an important role of FKN/CX3CR1 in RIBI, indicating that promotion of FKN/CX3CR1 axis could be a promising strategy for the treatment of RIBI.
Google Earth Imageries for Validating Groundwater Recharge Zone in Basaltic region
Authors: Chaware Snehalata , Patil Nitin , Satpute Gajanan , Apturkar Sanjay , Tingre Anand , Bante Chanchal , Deshkar Bhushan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A majority of the existing groundwater potential studies in the literature lack adequate validation. In developing countries, it is attributed to many reasons including- poor/limited data on water yield, sparse spatial and temporal data on wells, lack of data protocol/sharing, a weak ground water governance structure such as disparate agencies, lack of registration/georeferencing of irrigation wells. A rapid, simple and replicable approach is proposed to overcome these difficulties using Google Earth imageries for visual interpretation, interwined with cadastral data and telecommunication for a representative block located in basaltic region of Maharashtra, India. Each of 1684 irrigation well in the study area was enumerated, its irrigation area estimated and verified through available records, field visits, telecommunication with well owners and georeferenced to link with land parcel identification number and build well information system. Functional and defunct wells were distinguished using deacadel timeline data. Nine major biophysical and environmental factors namely geomorphology, soil, land use land cover, slope, lineament density, drainage density, topographical wetness index, curvature and aspect were analyzed to asses the groundwater recharge potential (GWP). The GWP zones were verified using the georeferenced enumeration data on wells, their density and area irrigated per unit well. The number of wells, functional well density followed an order high &lt; moderate &lt; moderate to poor &lt; poor to nil, i.e. highest density (0.034/ha) in high potential zone and lowest density (0/ha) in poor to nil potential zone. Number of defunct wells also exhibited linear correspondence with least share (51%) in ‘high’ potential zone and higher share (76%) in ‘moderate to poor’ potential zone. It is concluded that Google Earth imageries provide direct and conclusive well enumeration, its irrigated area and therby accurate means of evaluating GWP zonation. It has immense potential for use in many countries where historical data are inadequate to assist groundwater management/governance.
Effect of Antecedent Rainfall on Slope Stability- A Case Study of Haflong Hill, North East India
Authors: Deka A. , Daulagupu R. , Brahma H. , Lodger H. , Dutta D. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The accurate determination of factor of safety is important to find out the stability of slopes. Out of the many factors which are responsible for slope failure in hilly areas continuous rainfall, particularly, is one of the major important factor responsible for triggering landslide. Slope is an exposed ground surface that stands at an angle with the horizontal. In this study, a part of the hill of Haflong, the head quarter of Dima Hasao district in the state of Assam, India are chosen. Two types of transient analysis i.e., un-coupled analysis and coupled analysis were carried out. The coupled analysis considers the deformation of the soil surface with time when rain water passes through the soil mass. Three slope angles 30°, 45° and 90° were considered for both the case. The results shows that the factor of safety decreases with increase in the period of rainfall and slope angle, whereas the factor of safety increases slightly during coupled analysis which is due to the combined effect of deformation and seepage.
The function and regulation of TET2 in innate immunity and inflammation
Authors: Cong Boyi , Zhang Qian , Cao Xuetao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTET2, a member of ten-eleven translocation (TET) family as α-ketoglutarate- and Fe2+-dependent dioxygenase catalyzing the iterative oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), has been widely recognized to be an important regulator for normal hematopoiesis especially myelopoiesis. Mutation and dysregulation of TET2 contribute to the development of multiple hematological malignancies. Recent studies reveal that TET2 also plays an important role in innate immune homeostasis by promoting DNA demethylation or independent of its enzymatic activity. Here, we focus on the functions of TET2 in the initiation and resolution of inflammation through epigenetic regulation and signaling network. In addition, we highlight regulation of TET2 at various molecular levels as well as the correlated inflammatory diseases, which will provide the insight to intervene in the pathological process caused by TET2 dysregulation.
Effects of shade trees on robusta coffee growth, yield and quality. A meta-analysis
Authors: Piato Kevin , Lefort François , Subía Cristian , Caicedo Carlos , Calderón Darío , Pico Jimmy , Norgrove Lindsey 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProductivity of coffee plantations is threatened by both climate change and decreasing revenues of coffee growers. Using shade trees might protect against temperature variability, erosion and excessive radiation but there may be trade-offs in productivity and quality. While impacts of shade trees on arabica (Coffea arabica) have been reviewed, a global synthesis on robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee is lacking. We assessed how shade affects robusta growth and productivity, and what are the interactions and trade-offs. We conducted a systematic literature search in Web of Science and CAB Abstracts on 16 December 2019. Thirty papers fulfilled our inclusion criteria of being experimental studies on the impact of overstory trees with approximately half being from Brazil or India. Shade improved robusta tree growth and yield with some contrasting effects on physicochemical and biochemical properties. Shade (> 30%) was associated with reduced beverage quality. Significant interactions between shade and location, rainfall level and robusta clone were found. Among the clones tested, 06V, C153, LB1, GG229 and JM2 showed a higher productivity and growth (from + 17 to + 280%) under moderate shade (41–65%). This is the first meta-analysis of the effects of shade on robusta coffee. By synthesizing data from different studies, we highlight for the first time that the effect of shade on robusta coffee depends on tree age. Shade had positive impacts on older robusta trees (mean of 16 years), while the impact of shade on younger trees was either insignificant or negative. We highlight the importance of both clone type and tree ages. Research gaps included a lack of knowledge on the effects of shade with respect to coffee and shade tree age as well as interactive effects. More in-depth studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of how shade trees affect robusta coffee.
Where the rubber meets the road — An integrative review of programmatic assessment in health care professions education
Authors: Schut Suzanne , Maggio Lauren A. , Heeneman Sylvia , Van Tartwijk Jan , Van der Vleuten Cees , Driessen Erik 
Published: October 2020

Introduction Programmatic assessment was introduced as an approach to design assessment programmes with the aim to simultaneously optimize the decision-making and learning function of assessment. An integrative review was conducted to review and synthesize results from studies investigating programmatic assessment in health care professions education in practice.
Methods The authors systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and ERIC to identify studies published since 2005 that reported empirical data on programmatic assessment. Characteristics of the included studies were extracted and synthesized, using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.
Results Twenty-seven studies were included, which used quantitative methods (n = 10), qualitative methods (n = 12) or mixed methods (n = 5). Most studies were conducted in clinical settings (77.8%). Programmatic assessment was found to enable meaningful triangulation for robust decision-making and used as a catalyst for learning. However, several problems were identified, including overload in assessment information and the associated workload, counterproductive impact of using strict requirements and summative signals, lack of a shared understanding of the nature and purpose of programmatic assessment, and lack of supportive interpersonal relationships. Thematic analysis revealed that the success and challenges of programmatic assessment were best understood by the interplay between quantity and quality of assessment information, and the influence of social and personal aspects on assessment perceptions.
Conclusion Although some of the evidence may seem compelling to support the effectiveness of programmatic assessment in practice, tensions will emerge when simultaneously stimulating the development of competencies and assessing its result.
One-step synthesis and electromagnetic absorption properties of high entropy rare earth hexaborides (HE REB6) and high entropy rare earth hexaborides/borates (HE REB6/HE REBO3) composite powders
Authors: Zhang Weiming , Zhao Biao , Xiang Huimin , Dai Fu-Zhi , Wu Shijiang , Zhou Yanchun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractConsidering the emergence of severe electromagnetic interference problems, it is vital to develop electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials with high dielectric, magnetic loss and optimized impedance matching. However, realizing the synergistic dielectric and magnetic losses in a single phase material is still a challenge. Herein, high entropy (HE) rare earth hexaborides (REB6) powders with coupling of dielectric and magnetic losses were designed and successfully synthesized through a facial one-step boron carbide reduction method, and the effects of high entropy borates intermedia phases on the EM wave absorption properties were investigated. Five HE REB6 ceramics including (Ce0.2Y0.2Sm0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)B6, (Ce0.2Eu0.2Sm0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)B6, (Ce0.2Y0.2Eu0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)B6, (Ce0.2Y0.2Sm0.2 Eu0.2Yb0.2)B6, and (Nd0.2Y0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2 Yb0.2)B6 possess CsCl-type cubic crystal structure, and their theoretical densities range from 4.84 to 5.25 g/cm3. (Ce0.2Y0.2Sm0.2Er0.2 Yb0.2)B6 powders with the average particle size of 1.86 µm were found to possess the best EM wave absorption properties among these hexaborides. The RLmin value of (Ce0.2Y0.2Sm0.2Er0.2Yb0.2)B6 reaches −33.4 dB at 11.5 GHz at thickness of 2 mm; meanwhile, the optimized effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 3.9 GHz from 13.6 to 17.5 GHz with a thickness of 1.5 mm. The introduction of HE REBO3 (RE = Ce, Y, Sm, Eu, Er, Yb) as intermediate phase will give rise to the mismatching impedance, which will further lead to the reduction of reflection loss. Intriguingly, the HEREB6/HEREBO3 still possess wide effective absorption bandwidth of 4.1 GHz with the relative low thickness of 1.7 mm. Considering the better stability, low density, and good EM wave absorption properties, HE REB6 ceramics are promising as a new type of EM wave absorbing materials.
Optimal preparation of high-entropy boride-silicon carbide ceramics
Authors: Zhang Yan , Sun Shi-Kuan , Guo Wei-Ming , Xu Liang , Zhang Wei , Lin Hua-Tay 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHigh-entropy boride-silicon carbide (HEB-SiC) ceramics were fabricated using boride-based powders prepared from borothermal and boro/carbothermal reduction methods. The effects of processing routes (borothermal reduction and boro/carbothermal reduction) on the HEB powders were examined. HEB-SiC ceramics with > 98% theoretical density were prepared by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C. It was demonstrated that the addition of SiC led to slight coarsening of the microstructure. The HEB-SiC ceramics prepared from boro/carbothermal reduction powders showed a fine-grained microstructure and higher Vickers’ hardness but lower fracture toughness value as compared with the same composition prepared from borothermal reduction powders. These results indicated that the selection of the powder processing method and the addition of SiC phase could contribute to the optimal preparation of high-entropy boride-based ceramics.
Fibers reinforced composite hydrogels with improved lubrication and load-bearing capacity
Authors: Li Jiawei , Gao Luyao , Xu Rongnian , Ma Shuanhong , Ma Zhengfeng , Liu Yanhua , Wu Yang , Feng Libang , Cai Meirong , Zhou Feng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHydrogels as one kind of soft materials with a typical three-dimensional (3D) hydrophilic network have been getting great attention in the field of biolubrication. However, traditional hydrogels commonly show poor tribology performance under high-load conditions because of their poor mechanical strength and toughness. Herein, pure chemical-crosslinking hydrogels mixed with different types of the micron-scale fibers can meet the requirements of strength and toughness for biolubrication materials, meanwhile the corresponding tribology performance improves significantly. In a typical case, three kinds of reinforcement matrix including needle-punched fibers, alginate fibers, and cottons are separately combined with Poly(n-vinyl pyrrolidone)-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (PVP-PHEMA) hydrogels to prepare fibers reinforced composite hydrogels. The experimental results show that the mechanical properties of fibers reinforced composite hydrogels improve greatly comparable with pure PVP-PHEMA hydrogels. Among three kinds of fibers reinforced composite hydrogel, the as-prepared composite hydrogels reinforced with needle-punched fibers possess the best strength, modulus, and anti-tearing properties. Friction tests indicate that the fibers reinforced composite hydrogels demonstrate stable water-lubrication performance comparable with pure PVP-PHEMA hydrogels. Besides, the hydrogel-spunlace fiber samples show the best load-bearing and anti-wear capacities. The improved tribology performance of the composite hydrogels is highly related to mechanical property and the interaction between the fibers and hydrogel network. Finally, spunlace fibers reinforced hydrogel materials with high load-bearing and low friction properties are expected to be used as novel biomimetic lubrication materials.
State business relations and the dynamics of job flows in Egypt and Turkey
Authors: Ozdamar Oznur , Giovanis Eleftherios , Samuk Sahizer 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLong-standing challenges concerning unemployment and the role of government have been the dominant underlying themes in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Effective State-Business Relations (SBRs) comprise a set of highly responsive and public interactions between the state and the business sector. The aim of this study is to explore the dynamics of net job creation rates in Egypt and Turkey, and the role of the SBRs, including various firm characteristics. The analysis relies on firm-level data derived from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys over the period 2008–2013. We implement the weighted ordinary least squares (OLS). Furthermore, we apply an Instrumental Variables (IV) Approach and the Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) method for robustness check, to deal with the potential endogeneity issues coming from the self-reported statements and the possible degree of reverse causality between SBRs and the main outcomes of interest. Our findings suggest four major obstacles to SBRs, with constraints of access to finance and credit and political instability being the common major obstacles in the two countries explored. Corruption and lack of proper infrastructure in electricity in Egypt are found to be the next two main obstacles in SBRs, while tax rates and competition from the informal sector are identified as the other two main obstacles in Turkey. The results show that obstacles in SBRs contribute negatively to the net job creation. According to these findings, policy implications include the need to make SBRs operate more efficiently, investments on proper infrastructure and policies that minimize corruption and political instability.
Targeting Missing Persons Most Likely to Come to Harm Among 92,681 Cases Reported to Devon and Cornwall Police
Authors: Doyle Ryan , Barnes Geoffrey C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResearch questionGiven the information available to Devon and Cornwall Police at the time when they received a missing person report, which knowable variables indicated increased odds of the person coming to serious harm?DataThe study examines all 92,681 missing reports received by Devon and Cornwall Police over 11 years from 2008 through 2019, for which 3481 (3.8%) persons came to harm, or about one in 27. Variables known at the time the report was filed included (A) risk levels estimated by police applying the College of Policing risk assessment template (high, medium, low), and (B) the missing person’s age, gender, in-care status, disability, dyslexia, learning disability, hearing or visual impairment, reduced mobility, mental illness, child sexual exploitation risk, reported suicidal, vulnerable adult status and previous reports of being missing.MethodsOdds ratios are used to estimate differences in likelihood of missing persons coming to harm in a series of single-variable tests. Matrices are used to assess the accuracy of the current risk assessment process used by police services in England and Wales, as applied in Devon and Cornwall. Limited multivariate analysis was undertaken.FindingsApplication of the current College of Policing protocol for risk assessment by subjective professional judgements yields substantial error rates, with 89% of the predicted high risk cases having no actual harm and 59% of cases with actual harm after not being predicted as high risk. The odds of harm based on single variables examined are highly conditional on age and gender as third factors. Both men and women over 18 are 4 times more likely to be harmed (6.8%) than those under age 18 (1.7%).ConclusionsThis study casts substantial doubt on the accuracy of the current subjective risk assessment process for missing persons. As the authorizing body for Approved Professional Practice, the College of Policing could use this evidence to endorse further development and implementation of a multivariate evidence-based risk assessment tool for missing persons that takes into account the age and gender of the missing person as well as all other factors in a single forecasting model.