bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronic Acid‐Based Bioink Composition Enabling 3D Bioprinting and Improving Quality of Deposited Cartilaginous Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Hauptstein Julia , Böck Thomas , Bartolf‐Kopp Michael , Forster Leonard , Stahlhut Philipp , Nadernezhad Ali , Blahetek Gina , Zernecke‐Madsen Alma , Detsch Rainer , Jüngst Tomasz , Groll Jürgen , Teßmar Jörg , Blunk Torsten 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn 3D bioprinting, bioinks with high concentrations of polymeric materials are frequently used to enable fabrication of 3D cell‐hydrogel constructs with sufficient stability. However, this is often associated with restricted cell bioactivity and an inhomogeneous distribution of newly produced extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, this study investigates bioink compositions based on hyaluronic acid (HA), an attractive material for cartilage regeneration, which allow for reduction of polymer content. Thiolated HA and allyl‐modified poly(glycidol) in varying concentrations are UV‐crosslinked. To adapt bioinks to poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐supported 3D bioprinting, the gels are further supplemented with 1 wt% unmodified high molecular weight HA (hmHA) and chondrogenic differentiation of incorporated human mesenchymal stromal cells is assessed. Strikingly, addition of hmHA to gels with a low polymer content (3 wt%) results in distinct increase of construct quality with a homogeneous ECM distribution throughout the constructs, independent of the printing process. Improved ECM distribution in those constructs is associated with increased construct stiffness after chondrogenic differentiation, as compared to higher concentrated constructs (10 wt%), which only show pericellular matrix deposition. The study contributes to effective bioink development, demonstrating dual function of a supplement enabling PCL‐supported bioprinting and at the same time improving biological properties of the resulting constructs.
Negative Magnetoresistance Behavior in Polymer Spin Valves Based on Donor−Acceptor Conjugated Molecules
Authors: Zheng Naihang , Wang Xiang , Zheng Yuanhui , Li Dong , Lin Zuzhang , Zhang Weifeng , Jin Kui‐juan , Yu Gui 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOrganic spin valves (OSVs) have become an essential building block of next‐generation memory devices which focus on spin degree of transporting carriers. Meanwhile, negative magnetoresistance (MR) effect in the OSV devices is increasingly observed which deserves further exploration for the rich spin physics behind. In this work, the negative MR response in ferromagnetic (FM) metal‐based OSVs using donor−acceptor (D−A) conjugated polymer based on the naphthalenediimide units as a spacer material is observed. The negative MR effect does not result from negative polarization at spin injection and detection interface as well as tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance effect, but from the spin transport inside the D−A polymer spacer. Even the stacking sequence of the spin injection and detection electrodes is reversed or changed the polymer coating solvents, the D−A polymer contributed negative MR response still can be observed. For further identifying negative MR origin, the bottom FM metal polarizer is replaced into high‐polarization La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin film, negative MR feature is well reproduced. Based on these points, it is deduced that the spin‐orientation reversal inside D−A polymer spacer is the ultimate reason for such negative MR response. The filtering‐like spin reversal activity is also in positive proportion to intermolecular interaction.
A One‐Step Biofunctionalization Strategy of Electrospun Scaffolds Enables Spatially Selective Presentation of Biological Cues
Authors: Wieringa Paul , Girao Andre , Ahmed Maqsood , TruckenmÜller Roman , Welle Alexander , Micera Silvestro , van Wezel Richard , Moroni Lorenzo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo recapitulate the heterogeneous complexity of tissues in the human body with synthetic mimics of the extracellular matrix (ECM), it is important to develop methods that can easily allow the selective functionalization of defined spatial domains. Here, a facile method is introduced to functionalize microfibrillar meshes with different reactive groups able to bind biological moieties in a one‐step reaction. The resulting scaffolds prove to selectively support a differential neurite growth after being seeded with dorsal root ganglia. Considering the general principles behind the method developed, this is a promising strategy to realize enhanced biomimicry of native ECM for different regenerative medicine applications.
Denatured M13 Bacteriophage‐Templated Perovskite Solar Cells Exhibiting High Efficiency
Authors: Lin Hao‐Sheng , Lee Jong‐Min , Han Jiye , Lee Changsoo , Seo Seungju , Tan Shaun , Lee Hyuck Mo , Choi Eun Jung , Strano Michael S. , Yang Yang , Maruyama Shigeo , Jeon Il , Matsuo Yutaka , Oh Jin‐Woo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe M13 bacteriophage, a nature‐inspired environmentally friendly biomaterial, is used as a perovskite crystal growth template and a grain boundary passivator in perovskite solar cells. The amino groups and carboxyl groups of amino acids on the M13 bacteriophage surface function as Lewis bases, interacting with the perovskite materials. The M13 bacteriophage‐added perovskite films show a larger grain size and reduced trap‐sites compared with the reference perovskite films. In addition, the existence of the M13 bacteriophage induces light scattering effect, which enhances the light absorption particularly in the long‐wavelength region around 825 nm. Both the passivation effect of the M13 bacteriophage coordinating to the perovskite defect sites and the light scattering effect intensify when the M13 virus‐added perovskite precursor solution is heated at 90 °C prior to the film formation. Heating the solution denatures the M13 bacteriophage by breaking their inter‐ and intra‐molecular bondings. The denatured M13 bacteriophage‐added perovskite solar cells exhibit an efficiency of 20.1% while the reference devices give an efficiency of 17.8%. The great improvement in efficiency comes from all of the three photovoltaic parameters, namely short‐circuit current, open‐circuit voltage, and fill factor, which correspond to the perovskite grain size, trap‐site passivation, and charge transport, respectively.
Vertically Aligned Sn4+ Preintercalated Ti2CTX MXene Sphere with Enhanced Zn Ion Transportation and Superior Cycle Lifespan
Authors: Li Xinliang , Li Mian , Yang Qi , Wang Donghong , Ma Longtao , Liang Guojin , Huang Zhaodong , Dong Binbin , Huang Qing , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWhile 2D MXenes have been widely used in energy storage systems, surface barriers induced by restacking of nanosheets and the limited kinetics resulting from insufficient interlayer spacing are two unresolved issues. Here an Sn4+ preintercalated Ti2CTX with effectively enlarged interlayer spacing is synthesized. The preintercalated Ti2CTX is aligned on a carbon sphere to further enhance ion transportation by shortening the ion diffusion path and enhancing the reaction kinetics. As a result, when paired with a Zn anode, 12 500 cycles, which equals 2 800 h cycle time, and 5% capacity fluctuation are obtained, surpassing all reported MXene‐based aqueous electrodes. At 0.1 A g‐1, the capacity reaches 138 mAh g‐1, and 92 mAh g‐1 remains even at 5 A g‐1. In addition, the low anti‐self‐discharge rate of 0.989 mV h‐1 associated with a high capacity retention of 80.5% over 548 h is obtained. Moreover, the fabricated quasi‐solid capacitor based on a hydrogel film electrolyte exhibits good mechanical deformation and weather resistance. This work employs both preintercalation and alignment to MXene and achieves enhanced ion diffusion kinetics in an aqueous zinc ion capacitors (ZICs) system, which may be applied to other MXene batteries for enhanced performance.
Structured Ni@NaA zeolite supported on silicon carbide foam catalysts for catalytic carbon dioxide methanation
Authors: Zhang Rongxin , Chen Huanhao , Mu Yibing , Chansai Sarayute , Ou Xiaoxia , Hardacre Christopher , Jiao Yilai , Fan Xiaolei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) conversion is an important yet challenging topic, which helps to address climate change challenge. Catalytic CO2 methanation is one of the methods to convert CO2, however, it is limited by kinetics. This work developed a structured Ni@NaA zeolite supported on silicon carbide (SiC) foam catalyst (i.e., Ni@NaA‐SiC), which demonstrated an excellent performance with a CO2 conversion of ~82%, being comparable to the corresponding equilibrium conversion, and CH4 selectivity of ~95% at 400°C. The activation energy for CO2 conversion over the 15Ni@NaA‐SiC catalyst is about 31 kJ mol−1, being significantly lower than that of the 15Ni@NaA pelletized catalyst (i.e., ~84 kJ mol−1). Additionally, the structured catalyst was highly stable with sustained CO2 conversion at 78.7 ± 1.4% and selectivity to CH4 at 97.7 ± 0.2% over an 80 hr longevity test. In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy‐mass spectroscopy characterization revealed that catalysis over the structured catalyst proceeded primarily via the CO free mechanism.
Anatomical and hydraulic responses to desiccation in emergent conifer seedlings
Authors: Miller Megan L. , Roddy Adam B. , Brodersen Craig R. , McElrone Andrew J. , Johnson Daniel M. 
Published: August 2020

PremiseThe young seedling life stage is critical for reforestation after disturbance and for species migration under climate change, yet little is known regarding their basic hydraulic function or vulnerability to drought. Here, we sought to characterize responses to desiccation including hydraulic vulnerability, xylem anatomical traits, and impacts on other stem tissues that contribute to hydraulic functioning.MethodsLarix occidentalis, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Pinus ponderosa (all ≤6 weeks old) were imaged using x‐ray computed microtomography during desiccation to assess seedling biomechanical responses with concurrently measured hydraulic conductivity (ks) and water potential (Ψ) to assess vulnerability to xylem embolism formation and other tissue damage.ResultsIn non‐stressed samples for all species, pith and cortical cells appeared circular and well hydrated, but they started to empty and deform with decreasing Ψ which resulted in cell tearing and eventual collapse. Despite the severity of this structural damage, the vascular cambium remained well hydrated even under the most severe drought. There were significant differences among species in vulnerability to xylem embolism formation, with 78% xylem embolism in L. occidentalis by Ψ of −2.1 MPa, but only 47.7% and 62.1% in P. ponderosa and P. menziesii at −4.27 and −6.73 MPa, respectively.ConclusionsLarix occidentalis seedlings appeared to be more susceptible to secondary xylem embolism compared to the other two species, but all three maintained hydration of the vascular cambium under severe stress, which could facilitate hydraulic recovery by regrowth of xylem when stress is relieved.
Genome‐wide transcriptome analysis identifies novel dysregulated genes implicated in Alzheimer's pathology
Authors: Nho Kwangsik , Nudelman Kelly , Allen Mariet , Hodges Angela , Kim Sungeun , Risacher Shannon L. , Apostolova Liana G. , Lin Kuang , Lunnon Katie , Wang Xue , Burgess Jeremy D. , Ertekin‐Taner Nilüfer , Petersen Ronald C. , Wang Lisu , Qi Zhenhao , He Aiqing , Neuhaus Isaac , Patel Vishal , Foroud Tatiana , Faber Kelley M. , Lovestone Simon , Simmons Andrew , Weiner Michael W. , Saykin Andrew J. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionAbnormal gene expression patterns may contribute to the onset and progression of late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD).MethodsWe performed transcriptome‐wide meta‐analysis (N = 1440) of blood‐based microarray gene expression profiles as well as neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) endophenotype analysis.ResultsWe identified and replicated five genes (CREB5, CD46, TMBIM6, IRAK3, and RPAIN) as significantly dysregulated in LOAD. The most significantly altered gene, CREB5, was also associated with brain atrophy and increased amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, especially in the entorhinal cortex region. cis‐expression quantitative trait loci mapping analysis of CREB5 detected five significant associations (P < 5 × 10−8), where rs56388170 (most significant) was also significantly associated with global cortical Aβ deposition measured by [18F]Florbetapir positron emission tomography and CSF Aβ1‐42.DiscussionRNA from peripheral blood indicated a differential gene expression pattern in LOAD. Genes identified have been implicated in biological processes relevant to Alzheimer's disease. CREB, in particular, plays a key role in nervous system development, cell survival, plasticity, and learning and memory.
Enantioselective Intramolecular [2,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Aldehydes via a Sulfonium Enamine Intermediate
Authors: Li Li , Chen Baoli , Chen Jiean , Huang Yong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe rearrangement of sulfur‐containing aldehydes by using a sulfonium enamine intermediate as a formylcarbene mimetic is reported. This is an enantioselective, organocatalytic [2,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement enabling chiral cyclic sulfides bearing an α‐quaternary chiral center to be prepared in high optical purity. The enantioselectivity is controlled with a cooperative organocatalyst pair consisting of a chiral amine and a chiral phosphoric acid (CPA). The synthetic versatility of this method is demonstrated by its rapid access to structurally diverse chiral spiro S‐heterocycles.
Improving adhesion between polyester cord and rubber by using glycidyl‐POSS
Authors: Doganci Erdinc 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) cords are usually coated with epoxy and/or isocyanate solutions (like methylene diphenyl diisocyanate [MDI]) before resorcinol‐formaldehyde‐latex (RFL) to increase the adhesion efficiency of RFL. In this article, the addition of glycidyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (GPOSS) as an adhesion promoter to PET cord was investigated for reinforcing PET cord/rubber interfacial adhesion. Therefore, GPOSS treated PET cords (GPOSS + MDI + RFL) were prepared in different process conditions like different GPOSS ratios and oven curing times and then vulcanized with rubber. RFL, GPOSS + RFL, MDI + RFL, and commercial epoxies treated PET cord samples were also prepared for comparison with GPOSS+MDI + RFL treated PET cord. The thermal, mechanical, and morphological properties of the treated PET yarn and their composites with rubber were investigated. It was seen that in the GPOSS coated PET yarns increased the stiffness and no change was observed in the tensile strength of the PET yarns. It was determined that the utilization of GPOSS in the PET cord improved the adhesion of the cord to rubber when compared with other treated PET cords via H‐adhesion and strip peel adhesion tests. Especially, since adhesion values give better results than commercially used epoxies, GPOSS as an adhesion promoter can be recommended in the rubber industry.
Simultaneous impact modified and chain extended glass fiber reinforced poly(lactic acid) composites: Mechanical, thermal, crystallization, and dynamic mechanical performance
Authors: Akindoyo John Olabode , Beg Mohammad Dalour Hossen , Ghazali Suriati , Heim Hans Peter , Feldmann Maik , Mariatti Mustapha 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHerein, glass fiber (GF) reinforced binary, ternary, and quaternary poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were prepared. Toughening, and chain extension of PLA was achieved through the incorporation of impact modifier and chain extender and their concurrent effects on the spectroscopic, crystallization, mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of the composites were investigated. High mechanical properties of GF influenced the mechanical performance of the composites. However, GF alone could not restrict the chain mobility of PLA due to poor interface and low crystallization activities in the PLA‐GF composite. Incorporation of impact modifier and chain extender produced significantly enhanced interaction between GF and PLA. Significantly, the crystallinity, impact strength, and flexural modulus of PLA in the quaternary composite were increased by 58%, 63%, and 66%, respectively. In addition, damping and effectiveness coefficient of the PLA‐GF composite were notably reduced by the simultaneous impact modification and chain extension of the reinforced composites.
A new model reference adaptive control with the disturbance observer‐based adaptation law for the Nonlinear Servomechanisms: SISO and MIMO Systems
Authors: Chen Kun‐Yung 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA disturbance observer (DOB) is proposed to replace the external disturbance adaptation law in model reference adaptive control (MRAC) to perform robust tracking control performance for nonlinear servomechanisms. Lyapunov stable theory is implemented to combine the DOB with MRAC to simultaneously converge the estimated states and tracking errors toward null. Then, the disturbance observer‐based MRAC (DOBMRAC) is proposed and realized. The single‐input single‐output (SISO) mass‐spring‐damper system and multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) two‐link manipulator robot system are both demonstrated as the control examples. However, in comparisons of tracking control performance between MRAC and DOBMRAC, it is found that the proposed controller reveals better robust tracking control performance for SISO and MIMO servomechanisms with unknown time‐varying disturbances. The contributions of this paper are: i) the proposed DOBMRAC is successfully implemented in both the SISO and MIMO systems; ii) the proposed controller performs better tracking control performance than MRAC for unknown time‐varying disturbances; iii) the DOBMRAC cannot only perform robust tracking control performance, but also shows disturbance estimation ability well; and iv) the proposed control methodology can also be widely applied to other MRAC systems with unknown time‐varying disturbance.
Repurposing of quinoline alkaloids identifies their ability to enhance doxorubicin‐induced sub‐G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cervical and hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: El‐Mesery Mohamed , Seher Axel , El‐Shafey Mohamed , El‐Dosoky Mohamed , Badria Farid A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe ability of quinoline alkaloids (cinchonine, cinchonidine, quinine, and quinidine) to sensitize different human cancer cell lines to doxorubicin (DOX)‐induced cell death was evaluated. Cell viability was analyzed using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and the alkaloids ability to enhance DOX‐induced apoptosis was explored using Western blotting analysis. Also, flow cytometry was applied to analyze cell fractions in the different cell cycle phases. All alkaloids showed a significant enhancement of DOX‐induced cell death in HeLa and HepG2 cell lines. The chemosensitizing activity of the quinoline alkaloids was attributed to the induction of apoptosis as indicated by splitting of caspase‐3 and its substrate poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, there was an increase in the cell fractions in sub‐G0/G1 phase in case of DOX combination with the alkaloids. This study proves the ability of the quinoline alkaloids to enhance DOX‐induced apoptotic cell death in human cervical and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
Teratogen update: Amphetamines
Authors: Garey Joan D. , Lusskin Shari I. , Scialli Anthony R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAmphetamines are synthetic noncatecholamine sympathomimetic amines that act as psychostimulants. They have been prescribed for the treatment of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and additional health conditions. Amphetamines are also drugs of abuse. Some experimental animal studies suggested adverse developmental effects of amphetamines, including structural malformations. These effects were most often observed in experimental animals at higher dose levels than those used for treatment or abuse and at dose levels that produce maternal toxicity. Controlled studies of amphetamine use for the treatment of ADHD and other indications did not suggest that amphetamines are likely to cause structural malformations, although there are three studies associating medication for ADHD or methamphetamine abuse with gastroschisis. We did not locate studies on the neurobehavioral effects of prenatal exposures to therapeutic amphetamine use. Amphetamine abuse was associated with offspring neurobehavioral abnormalities, but lack of adequate adjustment for confounding interferes with interpretation of the associations. Adverse effects of methamphetamine abuse during pregnancy may be due to factors associated with drug abuse rather than methamphetamine itself. The adverse effects observed in methamphetamine abuse studies may not be extrapolatable to amphetamine medication use.
Exploring copy number variants in deceased fetuses and neonates with abnormal vertebral patterns and cervical ribs
Authors: Schut Pauline C. , Brosens Erwin , Van Dooren Tom J. M. , Galis Frietson , ten Broek Clara M. A. , Baijens Inge M. M. , Dremmen Marjolein H. G. , Tibboel Dick , Schol Martin P. , de Klein Annelies , Eggink Alex J. , Cohen‐Overbeek Titia E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundCervical patterning abnormalities are rare in the general population, but one variant, cervical ribs, is particularly common in deceased fetuses and neonates. The discrepancy between the incidence in the general population and early mortality is likely due to indirect selection against cervical ribs. The cause for the co‐occurrence of cervical ribs and adverse outcome remains unidentified. Copy number variations resulting in gain or loss of specific genes involved in development and patterning could play a causative role.MethodsRadiographs of 374 deceased fetuses and infants, including terminations of pregnancies, stillbirths and neonatal deaths, were assessed. Copy number profiles of 265 patients were determined using single nucleotide polymorphism array.Results274/374 patients (73.3%) had an abnormal vertebral pattern, which was associated with congenital abnormalities. Cervical ribs were present in 188/374 (50.3%) and were more common in stillbirths (69/128 [53.9%]) and terminations of pregnancies (101/188 [53.7%]), compared to live births (18/58, 31.0%). Large (likely) deleterious copy number variants and aneuploidies were prevalent in these patients. None of the rare copy number variants were recurrent or overlapped with candidate genes for vertebral patterning.ConclusionsThe large variety of copy number variants in deceased fetuses and neonates with similar abnormalities of the vertebral pattern probably reflects the etiological heterogeneity of vertebral patterning abnormalities. This genetic heterogeneity corresponds with the hypothesis that cervical ribs can be regarded as a sign of disruption of critical, highly interactive stages of embryogenesis. The vertebral pattern can probably provide valuable information regarding fetal and neonatal outcome.