bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of pressure on the elemental composition and magnetic properties of lithium-doped ZnO thin films
Authors: Kuz’mina A S , Kazantsev A V , Kuz’min M P 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study of the effect of pressure in a vacuum chamber on magnetic characteristics of Zn1-xLixOy thin films obtained by pulsed laser deposition on sapphire substrates as well as the results of elemental analysis across thickness of the samples. Secondary ion mass spectrometry demonstrated that the method of pulsed laser deposition allows for the synthesis of zinc oxide based thin films characterized by a high uniformity of elemental composition across thickness. It was established that different pressure in the vacuum chamber affects the number of oxygen vacancies in thin films, but not the distribution of elements across thin film thickness. Weak room temperature ferromagnetism was observed in Zn1-xLixOy thin films synthesized at a pressure of 3.15·10−5 Torr; it increases upon the increase in lithium concentration. Interstitial lithium atoms are considered to play a important role in its occurrence. The results of the study allow for expansion of the body of knowledge about the nature of room temperature ferromagnetism in zinc oxide based thin film structures as well as for developing technologies for high-quality thin film materials for recording and storing information.
Models of diffusion of emergency emissions from railway tanks with petroleum products
Authors: Kulneva V V , Zvyagintseva A V , Sazonova S A , Akamsina N V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the event of the destruction or explosion of tanks with oil products, basic schemes for the distribution of pollutants have been developed in the area of a technical stop of a train at a distance of up to 1000 meters in all directions, taking into account all structures located in the study area. On the basis of an analytical assessment of the consequences of an emergency, it was shown that in the event of the destruction or explosion of railway tanks with oil products, from 90 to 95 % of economic and public facilities will be located in the zone of exceeding the MPC by 2-300 times. The limits for exceeding the permissible concentrations of polluting components in the parking area and flushing of tanks intended for the transit of oil and oil products have been established. The greatest excess will be at a distance of 300 meters from the tank car parking, where, for all priority polluting components, it is possible to exceed the MPC by 300 times. For a distance from the source of emissions more than 1000 meters in each direction of light, the calculation of the maximum permissible concentration of polluting components was performed.
Simulation of the fuel gas and raw material supply system to the furnace of the atmospheric oil distillation unit and development of a computer training software
Authors: Shulaeva E A , Pavlov V B , Burdov A E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Software products designed to simulate technological processes are currently very relevant, since they help to prepare workers in advance for difficult production situations. It has been proven that simulation systems can improve design efficiency by 20% with quality workflow management tools, and capital cost savings of up to 30% can be achieved with the right materials for security design. Currently, there are various software and hardware tools for computer modeling of technological objects, selection of technological modes and adjustment of control loops. These tools include Unisim. Unisim is a unique software package from Honeywell that combines a variety of products, including an extensive list of components and thermodynamic properties packages, used to simulate complex process systems.
Analytical evaluation of equivalent energy loss in causal frequency selection filters in the processing of quadrature amplitude modulation signals
Authors: Andronov V G , Mukhin I E , Babanin I G , Sevryukov A E , Koptev D S , Chuev A A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the need to assess the influence of the parameters of a linear time-invariant causal system in the processing of quadrature amplitude modulation signals of various positionality and constellation diagram irregularity. We describe the equations that determine the energy balance of a radio line and the total losses arising in route. We have developed mathematical expressions to assess the equivalent energy losses caused by the irregularity of amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics of the frequency selection filters. We propose a procedure to assess the non-noise losses in the frequency selection filters when designing high-speed radio systems for transmitting the information.
Method for controlling the cognitive systems functioning in non-equilibrium stability mode
Authors: Antsyferov S S , Fazilova K N , Rusanov K E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cognitive systems as self-organizing systems have a number of special properties, including the ability to function in a mode of non-equilibrium stability, which, in turn, provides the possibility of self-organization of the system by transforming its structure. In this case, one of the most important is the task of monitoring the functioning of the system in the mode of non-equilibrium stability. The development of a method for controlling the functioning of cognitive systems in the mode of non-equilibrium stability is based on the previously proposed model of non-equilibrium stability, which assumes a probabilistic assessment of the effectiveness of the structural elements of the system. To assess the effectiveness of structural elements, a method based on the principle of comparative preference is proposed. The method is implemented using an appropriate algorithm, which made it possible to numerically simulate it in order to determine the accuracy of evaluating the effectiveness of structural elements. Modeling has shown that the accuracy of the assessment depends on the number of structural elements and on the number of performance indicators. As a result of the simulation, the areas of non-equilibrium stability of the system functioning were determined for a different number of structural elements and the probability of their effectiveness. The proposed control method makes it possible to determine the position of the area of non-equilibrium stability in the phase space of the system functioning and, on the basis of this, evaluate both the current state of the system and predict the possible state of the system when it leaves the region of non-equilibrium stability.
On the solution of some types of optimization problems
Authors: Tikhanychev Oleg V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
There is a necessity to optimize resources and efforts when it comes to solving almost any organizational management problems. The urgency and relevance of this problem are determined by the fact that these resources are often expressed by integer values, and integer optimization methods may not be used for all types of problems. Consequently, the problem arises in rounding the results obtained through non-integer optimization methods to give a physical meaning to the resulting solution. To solve this problem, we propose to use a compensation approach and take into account that in the vast majority of cases distribution takes place with reservation, and a reserve magnitude is set relatively randomly. As a result, after using reservation errors as a margin for rounding optimization results, it becomes possible to compensate for one uncertainty at the cost of another. Based on the analysis of a typical resource allocation problem, the article synthesizes an algorithm for using the proposed approach and describes some characteristics of its application. The proposed approach has been tested in the solution of a number of applied management automation problems and has confirmed its functionality.
Selection of the optimal stage of the group’s life cycle for its transformation into a network structure based on the plasticity coefficient
Authors: Novikov S V , Komarova N V , Dadyan K E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article shows the relevance of the completed study. The goal is identified, the decomposition of it is carried out, and other components of the research logical structure are determined. There are hypothesis and methodological foundations of the study. A model presented allows choosing the optimal stage of transformation as the stage of the project’s work life cycle, and the stage of the general scheme of the project group life cycle.
Monoversion techniques for increasing the fault tolerance of software systems for monitoring the parameters of technological processes
Authors: Losev V V , Kovalev I V , Saramud M V , Testoyedov N A , Tynchenko Ya A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the current monoversion techniques in solving the problem of increasing the fault tolerance of software. The subject of research is the system of environmental monitoring of the technological process. Model examples demonstrate the algorithmization of the programming approaches used. As the first technique, a programming technique using Checkpoint is presented. The second technique is the programming technique using Checksums. Both techniques are designed to increase the fault tolerance of the developed specialized software systems.
Scheduling of the arrays of incomparable requests in the GRID systems
Authors: Saak Andrey , Kureichik Vladimir 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper presents a method for classification of the parallel user’s requests in addition to the existing one represented by the resource rectangles. The proposed classification is considered as more fundamental as it serves to highlight the classes of comparative and incomparable resource rectangles. For the arrays of the incomparable requests, the method allows us to analyze the quality of polynomial algorithms for packing with the non-Euclidean heuristic measure that considers the form of the enclosing rectangle along with its area. Based on the test benchmarks for the optimal tiling in a non-empty square, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed polynomial algorithms for dispatching of the incomparable user’s requests in the GRID systems.
Research on losses of technical preparedness of forage harvesters combines by level of seasonal service accumulation
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Hneniuk M V , Voinash S A , Galimov R R , Sokolova V A , Bespalova V V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The results of experimental studies are presented in article. It is established that minimal total costs for ensuring the technical preparedness of forage harvesters combines are possible to create using the optimal number of service activities. Formation of suboptimal number of service activities results in 27% and 18% losses (1 and 7 years of operational term of forage harvester). The article considers the graph of state of technical preparedness of forage harvester combines and develops an algorithm that calculates for each year of operation and for annual operating time the following indicators: average queue length; average number of pending requests; average number of service free channels; queue idle ratio; order utilization rate; idle ratio of servicing units; complete average losses due to idle queue requirements and less channel workload; time of waiting in line. The optimum number of channels was assumed to be the number with minimal total average cost of simple queuing requirements and no channel workload. The authors found out that the cost of ensuring of technical preparedness of forage harvesters depends on year of operation of harvesters and their annual loading. These costs reduce from 13.63% to 3.12%, for the accumulation of 150-180 hectares and from 6.5% to 3.98% (181-220 hectares). Therefore, with the increasing number of harvesters and their annual loading, the change in total costs is almost offset. The fluctuations in the total costs, depending on annual operating time and service assimilation of forage harvester, are less – 13.62% (150-180 ha) and 6.5% (221-330 ha).
Schematic and algorithmic methods of elimination influence of interference on accuracy of intellectual interfaces of the technological process
Authors: Jumaev O A , Nazarov J T , Sayfulin R R , Ismoilov M T , Mahmudov G B 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the main requirements for an intelligent measuring channel in the design of automated monitoring and control systems. Methods for estimating errors and noise are analyzed, constituent groups are classified, and some methods for calculating the noise of measuring instruments and measuring modules of automatic control systems are given.
Research of diagnostic of combine harvesters at levels of hierarchical structure of systems and units of hydraulic system
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Liubarets B S , Voinash S A , Sokolova V A , Luchinovich A A , Kalimullin M N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The problem of diagnosing by external signs of the technical conditions of hydraulic systems of combine harvesters was formulated by the authors in the following way: we need to build a decisive rule that allows us to determine the presence of individual failures in the object from the observed external sign. As an example, we made a research on four general processes, often performed by the main hydraulic system of the harvester: raising the harvesting part, lowering the harvesting part, turning the unloading auger from the transport position to the working one, and turning the unloading auger from the working to the transport one. Failures characterize the technical condition of the harvester subsystems, which in turn consist of many different aggregates and parts. To restore working capacity, it is necessary to demonstrated failures of elements at the level of the hierarchical structure of the harvest, where this restoration is most effective for the conditions of a particular enterprise. Thus, for developing universal diagnostic tools, it is more efficient to identify failures at the lower level with a certain margin of diagnosis depth. The results of research made it possible to implement an intelligent operator support system for the collection and analysis of information about the technical condition of hydraulic systems of combine harvesters and imitate the work of a highly qualified specialist in the field of technical diagnostics.
The epsilon expansion near absolute zero
Authors: Udodov V N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Epsilon expansion is an important part of the renormalization group approach; it allows substantiating the scaling paradigm and is used in the modern theory of critical phenomena. It is shown that at a critical temperature equal to zero, the expression for the critical heat capacity exponent already in the first order in epsilon d − = 4 – (d – is the dimension of space) changes its form. This, however, does not indicate a violation of the scaling approach, although the classical Essam-Fisher equation also changes, as does the Rushbrook inequality. The generalized Essam-Fisher interpolation equality and the generalized Rushbrook inequality are given, which are valid for any value of the critical temperature, in particular, for the critical temperature equal to zero. The generalized relations are consistent with the renormalization-group approach, - expansion and scaling paradigm. The fluctuations are considered to be classical (thermodynamic), the conditions are determined when this takes place.
Influence of non-uniformity of fuel supply parameters on diesel engine performance
Authors: Apazhev A K , Shekikhachev Y A , Batyrov V I , Shekikhacheva L Z 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The state of the fuel equipment as a whole can be judged by two generalized parameters characterizing the performance of a diesel engine - its power and specific fuel consumption. The state of the fuel equipment is characterized by the following parameters: injection pressure and the quality of fuel atomization by nozzles, the capacity of the booster pump, the throughput of filter elements for coarse and fine fuel cleaning, the state of the bypass valve, wear of the plunger pairs and discharge valves, the speed of the camshaft of the fuel pump, uneven delivery fuel by pump elements, fuel consumption, advance angle of fuel supply to engine cylinders. During operation, these parameters change due to the deterioration of the state of the elements of the fuel equipment. The initial state of the parameters of the fuel equipment is restored by making the necessary adjustments and replacing the components unsuitable for further operation. Signs of unsatisfactory operation of the fuel equipment can be: difficult start of the diesel engine, unstable operation, smoke of the exhaust gases, a decrease in power and an increase in specific fuel consumption. Improvement of diesel fuel supply systems should be aimed, first of all, at increasing power and fuel efficiency, as well as decreasing smoke and toxicity of exhaust gases, which can be achieved by: increasing the maximum injection pressure; optimization of injection characteristics and reduction of injection duration; correction of the cyclic fuel supply in accordance with the engine operating mode and external factors. With this in mind, this article presents the results of a study of the unevenness of the fuel supply and its effect on the power and economic performance of the diesel engine.
Modeling frequency integrating unfolding converter with a semiconductor strain gauge bridge taking into account temperature effect
Authors: Volkov Vadim S , Konkina Maria S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article considers development of an algorithm and construction of a simulation model of frequency integrating unfolding converter characteristics for a bridge circuit with semiconductor strain gauges, using the MathCAD software as simulation environment. Construction of a simulation model gives the possibility of joint application of bridge circuits with semiconductor strain gauges and frequency integrating unfolding converters in the development of sensitive elements of sensors for mechanical quantities that able to function at high temperatures. An algorithm for determining components of the output signal frequency error is proposed, taking into account variation in parameters of strain gauges and the effect of high temperature, which will allow revealing influence of the error components on the output signal frequency. As a result, the above mentioned can be used in the development of additional methods and means for temperature compensation, taking into account features of semiconductor strain gauges, and to increase objectivity in the analysis of calculation results applied to converters of mechanical values into frequency.
Constructive method of increasing the durability of cultivator blades recovered by surface
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Titova L L , Voinash S A , Maksimovich K Yu , Galimov R R , Sokolova V A , Parfenopulo G K , Taraban M S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The technical condition of parts is determined, on the one hand, by design parameters, and on the other, by mechanical properties, which are determined by control methods, including holographic ones. The properties of the working surfaces of parts made of various materials differ in comparatively small values of the dispersion of indicators. They correspond to the magnitudes and types of load, micro straining, load duration and can be presented in a rather narrow dispersion interval. The value of the distribution parameters of these quantities must be taken into account, first of all, when choosing a material. It is determined by the reliability conditions that the onset of the permissible load limit is achieved by proportional loading of the entire structure and is achieved with a micro deformation value for cultivator blades of 2.1-3.2μm. The limiting value of the micro deformation parameter is a function of a given tolerance for permanent deformation of the structure and is difficult to determine by conventional methods. In accordance with the developed methodology for the study of parts made of different materials, for example: graycastiron, aluminum, polymers (polyethylene, polyamide), carbon fiber, as well as a reinforced metal polymer, at the same time, computer holograms are recorded in each case. The studies used the entire range of recorded loads.
Morphological methods of searching for new engineering solutions and their use in Industry 4.0
Authors: Rakov Dmitry 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Innovation techniques as part Industry 4.0 is critical for competitive and economic for new systems and products and thus has been widely debated. This research suggests a morphological approach to innovations development as well as to tools for creating promising engineering solutions of conceptual design stage. The article presents the history of the development of morphological methods. These methods are as techniques for solving multidimensional, multicriterial and non-quantifiable problems under uncertainty conditions. The approach can be a successful analytical tool for development schematic, conceptual and preliminary design, decision making, design development, production management etc. The method is a conceptual tool that can be used to generate solutions space, systematization of knowledge, enhancement application opportunities and achieve the synergistic effects. Analysis of emerging technologies and systems and their potential opportunities with technique provide correct guidelines to supply the reasonable decisions with into account future risks.
The use of conceptual modeling to ensure the reproduction efficiency of fixed foundry assets
Authors: Kukartsev V V , Markevich E A , Rudyaga E V , Shalaeva D S , Leonteva A A , Kurashkin S O 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe reliable operation of an induction melting furnace directly depends on the quality of its lining. The final operation in the manufacture of the lining is to carry out the developed sintering regime. The sintering quality is influenced by many factors, for example, the quality of the material used for manufacturing, compliance with the manufacturing process of the lining itself, and others. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor compliance with the sintering mode of the lining. The easiest option is a sintering schedule. Based on this, the article considers an application that builds a graph of temperature changes with the number of points specified by the user. When plotting the temperature changes in the melting furnace, the program has the opportunity to enter the data that were recorded earlier in order to see how the system worked. The program allows specialists to use it in the work process to predict the operation of the melting furnace on the basis of which it is possible to make adjustments to the work process in order to avoid emergency situations for people to work. In addition, it makes it possible to ensure the efficiency of reproduction of the main foundry production assets.