bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific capture and whole-genome phylogeography of Dolphin morbillivirus
Authors: Cerutti Francesco , Giorda Federica , Grattarola Carla , Mignone Walter , Beltramo Chiara , Keck Nicolas , Lorusso Alessio , Di Francesco Gabriella , Di Renzo Ludovica , Di Guardo Giovanni , Goria Mariella , Masoero Loretta , Acutis Pier Luigi , Casalone Cristina , Peletto Simone 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDolphin morbillivirus (DMV) is considered an emerging threat having caused several epidemics worldwide. Only few DMV genomes are publicly available. Here, we report the use of target enrichment directly from cetacean tissues to obtain novel DMV genome sequences, with sequence comparison and phylodynamic analysis. RNA from 15 tissue samples of cetaceans stranded along the Italian and French coasts (2008–2017) was purified and processed using custom probes (by bait hybridization) for target enrichment and sequenced on Illumina MiSeq. Data were mapped against the reference genome, and the novel sequences were aligned to the available genome sequences. The alignment was then used for phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis using MrBayes and BEAST. We herein report that target enrichment by specific capture may be a successful strategy for whole-genome sequencing of DMV directly from field samples. By this strategy, 14 complete and one partially complete genomes were obtained, with reads mapping to the virus up to 98% and coverage up to 7800X. The phylogenetic tree well discriminated the Mediterranean and the NE-Atlantic strains, circulating in the Mediterranean Sea and causing two different epidemics (2008–2015 and 2014–2017, respectively), with a limited time overlap of the two strains, sharing a common ancestor approximately in 1998.
Stability of the timing of food intake at daily and monthly timescales in young adults
Authors: McHill Andrew W. , Hilditch Cassie J. , Fischer Dorothee , Czeisler Charles A. , Garaulet Marta , Scheer Frank A. J. L. , Klerman Elizabeth B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCross-sectional observations have shown that the timing of eating may be important for health-related outcomes. Here we examined the stability of eating timing, using both clock hour and relative circadian time, across one semester (n = 14) at daily and monthly time-scales. At three time points ~ 1 month apart, circadian phase was determined during an overnight in-laboratory visit and eating was photographically recorded for one week to assess timing and composition. Day-to-day stability was measured using the Composite Phase Deviation (deviation from a perfectly regular pattern) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to determine individual stability across months (weekly average compared across months). Day-to-day clock timing of caloric events had poor stability within individuals (~ 3-h variation; ICC = 0.12–0.34). The timing of eating was stable across months (~ 1-h variation, ICCs ranging from 0.54–0.63), but less stable across months when measured relative to circadian timing (ICC = 0.33–0.41). Our findings suggest that though day-to-day variability in the timing of eating has poor stability, the timing of eating measured for a week is stable across months within individuals. This indicates two relevant timescales: a monthly timescale with more stability in eating timing than a daily timescale. Thus, a single day’s food documentation may not represent habitual (longer timescale) patterns.
Familial risks between giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis and other autoimmune diseases in the population of Sweden
Authors: Thomsen Hauke , Li Xinjun , Sundquist Kristina , Sundquist Jan , Försti Asta , Hemminki Kari 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGiant cell arteritis (GCA, also called temporal arteritis) is a rare and Takayasu arteritis (TA) is an even rarer autoimmune disease (AID), both of which present with inflammatory vasculitis of large and medium size arteries. The risk factors are largely undefined but disease susceptibility has been associated with human leukocyte antigen locus. Population-level familial risk is not known. In the present nation-wide study we describe familial risk for GCA and for GCA and TA with any other AID based on the Swedish hospital diagnoses up to years 2012. Family relationships were obtained from the Multigeneration Register. Familial standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for offspring whose parents or siblings were diagnosed with GCA, TA or any other AID. The number of GCA patients in the offspring generation was 4695, compared to 209 TA patients; for both, familial patients accounted for 1% of all patients. The familial risk for GCA was 2.14, 2.40 for women and non-significant for men. GCA was associated with 10 other AIDs and TA was associated with 6 other AIDs; both shared associations with polymyalgia rheumatica and rheumatoid arthritis. The results showed that family history is a risk factor for GCA. Significant familial associations of both GCA and TA with such a number of other AIDs provide evidence for polyautoimmunity among these diseases.
Regulators of TNFα mediated insulin resistance elucidated by quantitative proteomics
Authors: Mohallem Rodrigo , Aryal Uma K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObesity is a growing epidemic worldwide and is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases, including diabetes, kidney disease, heart disease, and cancer. Obesity often leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus, via the increased production of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). Our study combines different proteomic techniques to investigate the changes in the global proteome, secretome and phosphoproteome of adipocytes under chronic inflammation condition, as well as fundamental cross-talks between different cellular pathways regulated by chronic TNFα exposure. Our results show that many key regulator proteins of the canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways, such as Nfkb2, and its downstream effectors, including Csf-1 and Lgals3bp, directly involved in leukocyte migration and invasion, were significantly upregulated at the intra and extracellular proteomes suggesting the progression of inflammation. Our data provides evidence of several key proteins that play a role in the development of insulin resistance.
Lokiarchaeota archaeon schizorhodopsin-2 (LaSzR2) is an inward proton pump displaying a characteristic feature of acid-induced spectral blue-shift
Authors: Kojima Keiichi , Yoshizawa Susumu , Hasegawa Masumi , Nakama Masaki , Kurihara Marie , Kikukawa Takashi , Sudo Yuki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe photoreactive protein rhodopsin is widespread in microorganisms and has a variety of photobiological functions. Recently, a novel phylogenetically distinctive group named ‘schizorhodopsin (SzR)’ has been identified as an inward proton pump. We performed functional and spectroscopic studies on an uncharacterised schizorhodopsin from the phylum Lokiarchaeota archaeon. The protein, LaSzR2, having an all-trans-retinal chromophore, showed inward proton pump activity with an absorption maximum at 549 nm. The pH titration experiments revealed that the protonated Schiff base of the retinal chromophore (Lys188, pKa = 12.3) is stabilised by the deprotonated counterion (presumably Asp184, pKa = 3.7). The flash-photolysis experiments revealed the presence of two photointermediates, K and M. A proton was released and uptaken from bulk solution upon the formation and decay of the M intermediate. During the M-decay, the Schiff base was reprotonated by the proton from a proton donating residue (presumably Asp172). These properties were compared with other inward (SzRs and xenorhodopsins, XeRs) and outward proton pumps. Notably, LaSzR2 showed acid-induced spectral ‘blue-shift’ due to the protonation of the counterion, whereas outward proton pumps showed opposite shifts (red-shifts). Thus, we can distinguish between inward and outward proton pumps by the direction of the acid-induced spectral shift.
Working memory updating of emotional stimuli predicts emotional intelligence in females
Authors: Orzechowski Jarosław , Śmieja Magdalena , Lewczuk Karol , Nęcka Edward 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPreliminary evidence concerning emotional intelligence (EI) and working memory (WM) showed that the relationship between them is dependent on the emotional content (‘hot’ or ‘cool’) of tasks involving WM. In this paper, we continue investigating the relationship between EI and WM, focusing on a crucial function of WM, i.e., the efficacy of updating its content. WM updating shows substantial correlations with general fluid intelligence (gF) and seems to be a significant predictor of cognitive performance and achievement. We assume that if updating is important for a wide range of higher-order processes, updating emotional content in WM could be essential for emotionally intelligent behavior. To test this hypothesis, we constructed two parallel versions of a task that requires WM updating: one with neutral and the other with emotional stimuli. In addition, performance-based measures of both gF and EI were used in the research. Using the structural equation approach, we sought to demonstrate that gF is dependent on the efficiency of WM updating for both emotional and neutral stimuli, whereas EI might depend only on the updating efficacy in the emotional context. The results are discussed in terms of the domain specificity of EI and the domain generality of gF. The main constraint of the study is its limited sample size (n = 123 for intelligence measures, n = 69 for WM updating tasks). Moreover, the study was based on a female sample; thus, the conclusions can be extrapolated only to women.
USP24 stabilizes bromodomain containing proteins to promote lung cancer malignancy
Authors: Wang Shao-An , Young Ming-Jer , Jeng Wen-Yih , Liu Chia-Yu , Hung Jan-Jong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBromodomain (BRD)-containing proteins are important for chromatin remodeling to regulate gene expression. In this study, we found that the deubiquitinase USP24 interacted with BRD through its C-terminus increased the levels of most BRD-containing proteins through increasing their protein stability by the removal of ubiquitin from Lys391/Lys400 of the BRD. In addition, we found that USP24 and BRG1 could regulate each other through regulating the protein stability and the transcriptional activity, respectively, of the other, suggesting that the levels of USP24 and BRG1 are regulated to form a positive feedback loop in cancer progression. Loss of the interaction motif of USP24 eliminated the ability of USP24 to stabilize BRD-containing proteins and abolished the effect of USP24 on cancer progression, including its inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and promotion of cancer cell migration, suggesting that the interaction between USP24 and the BRD is important for USP24-mediated effects on cancer progression. The targeting of BRD-containing proteins has been developed as a strategy for cancer therapy. Based on our study, targeting USP24 to inhibit the levels of BRD-containing proteins may inhibit cancer progression.
Lysine demethylase 7a regulates murine anterior-posterior development by modulating the transcription of Hox gene cluster
Authors: Higashijima Yoshiki , Nagai Nao , Yamamoto Masamichi , Kitazawa Taro , Kawamura Yumiko K. , Taguchi Akashi , Nakada Natsuko , Nangaku Masaomi , Furukawa Tetsushi , Aburatani Hiroyuki , Kurihara Hiroki , Wada Youichiro , Kanki Yasuharu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTemporal and spatial colinear expression of the Hox genes determines the specification of positional identities during vertebrate development. Post-translational modifications of histones contribute to transcriptional regulation. Lysine demethylase 7A (Kdm7a) demethylates lysine 9 or 27 di-methylation of histone H3 (H3K9me2, H3K27me2) and participates in the transcriptional activation of developmental genes. However, the role of Kdm7a during mouse embryonic development remains to be elucidated. Herein, we show that Kdm7a−/− mouse exhibits an anterior homeotic transformation of the axial skeleton, including an increased number of presacral elements. Importantly, posterior Hox genes (caudally from Hox9) are specifically downregulated in the Kdm7a−/− embryo, which correlates with increased levels of H3K9me2, not H3K27me2. These observations suggest that Kdm7a controls the transcription of posterior Hox genes, likely via its demethylating activity, and thereby regulating the murine anterior-posterior development. Such epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may be harnessed for proper control of coordinate body patterning in vertebrates.
Therapeutisches Drug Monitoring von Antiinfektiva bei Intensivpatienten – für welche Arzneistoffe und wie?
Authors: König Christina , Kluge Stefan , Wicha Sebastian G. 
Published: November 2020

Was ist neu?
Prinzip des therapeutischen Drug Monitorings Für immer mehr Antiinfektiva gibt es Erkenntnisse zur Expositions-Wirkungs-Beziehung, die im therapeutischen Drug Monitoring (TDM) genutzt werden können. Dabei spielt die Schätzung der AUC (area under the curve) eine wichtige Rolle. Eine spezielle Pharmakokinetik-Software hilft in der Praxis, die Schätzung der AUC auch anhand weniger Proben zu ermöglichen.
Für welche Arzneistoffe wird ein therapeutisches Drug Monitoring empfohlen? Neben dem vielfach bereits etablierten TDM für Aminoglykoside (Amikacin, Gentamicin und Tobramycin) und Glykopeptide (Vancomycin, Teicoplanin) empfiehlt ein fachübergreifendes Expertengremium bei Intensivpatienten ein TDM für Betalaktame, Linezolid und Voriconazol. Neuerungen gibt es auch bei Vancomycin, bei dem vom häufig praktizierten „Talspiegel“-TDM zum in klinischen Studien überlegenen AUC-basierten TDM übergegangen werden soll.
Adipositas-Chirurgie – eine sichere Option bei Risiko-Patienten mit irreversibler Organ-Dysfunktion
Authors: Moulla Yusef , Lange Undine Gabriele , Mehdorn Matthias , Blüher Matthias , van Bömmel Florian , Pietsch Uta-Carolin , Buchloh Dorina , Dietrich Arne 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungEinleitung Adipositas-Chirurgie ist weltweit etabliert und sicher durchführbar. Mit steigender Expertise werden auch zunehmend Risikopatienten operiert, die z.B. bei Organdysfunktion zu adipös für eine geplante Organtransplantation sind.Patienten und Methoden In dem Zeitraum 1/13 bis 6/9 wurden 653 Patienten an unserem Zentrum adipositaschirurgisch versorgt. Die Daten wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet und es fanden sich unter den 653 Patienten 34 Patienten mit dialysepflichtiger Niereninsuffizienz, hochgradiger Herzinsuffizienz (linksventrikuläre Ejektionsfraktion < 30 %) oder Leberzirrhose (Child-Pugh-Stadium A und B). Das Minimum-Follow-up beträgt 12 Monate.Ergebnisse Bei 5 der 34 Patienten (14,7 %) kam es zu einem komplizierten Verlauf. Folgende Komplikationen traten auf: 3x Wundheilungsstörung mit konservativer Therapie, 1x subkutane Nachblutung bei einem Patienten mit LVAD (konservative Therapie) und 1 Shunt-Verschluss, der operativ revidiert wurde.Schlussfolgerung Adipositaschirurgische Eingriffe sind auch bei Risikopatienten mit geringer Morbidität und Mortalität durchführbar.
Metabolische Chirurgie, mehr als nur Typ-2-Diabetes
Authors: Rühle Annika , Boskovic Andrea , Billeter Adrian T. , Schwarz Anne-Catherine , Müller-Stich Beat P. 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Prävalenzen von Adipositas und metabolischen Erkrankungen wie Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 (DM2), Nicht-alkoholischer Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD), arterieller Hypertonie (aHT) oder Obstruktiver Schlafapnoe (OSAS) steigen. Die Adipositas-Chirurgie ist nicht nur hinsichtlich des Gewichtsverlustes der konservativen Therapie überlegen, sondern zeigt ebenfalls positive Effekte auf metabolische Erkrankungen. Die meisten Daten finden sich für den DM2, hier kommt es unabhängig vom Gewichtsverlust zu einer besseren glykämischen Kontrolle, Verbesserung mikro- und makrovaskulärer Komplikationen wie der diabetischen Nephropathie oder Polyneuropathie und Reduktion der Mortalität. Bei Patienten mit NAFLD zeigen sich sowohl laborchemisch als auch histologisch Befundverbesserungen bis hin zur Regredienz fibrotischer Veränderungen. Die antihypertensive Medikation kann nach metabolischem Eingriff nachhaltig reduziert oder gar sistiert werden, gleiches
gilt für die medikamentöse Therapie der Dyslipidämie. Patienten mit diabetischer Nephropathie oder auch Adipositas-assoziierter Albuminurie profitieren von einer Erholung der Nierenfunktion und Reduktion der Dialysepflichtigkeit. Auch das OSAS, eine häufige Erkrankung adipöser Patienten mit Erhöhung des kardiovaskulären Risikos, zeigt postoperativ eine Befundverbesserung. Diese beginnt sogar schon bevor es zu einem relevanten Gewichtsverlust kommt, welcher zusätzlich die Atemmechanik erleichtert.Interessanterweise zeigen sich die beschriebenen Effekte nicht nur bei adipösen, sondern auch bei normalgewichtigen Patienten. Der DM2 stellt daher bereits in bestimmten Fällen beim normalgewichtigen Patienten eine Indikation zur metabolischen Chirurgie dar. Eine Anpassung der Leitlinien hinsichtlich anderer metabolischer Erkrankungen steht trotz zunehmender hochklassiger Evidenz diesbezüglich noch aus.
Anaphor reconstruction in Japanese relative clauses
Authors: Chen Yunchuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study conducted two experiments to examine the derivation of the head noun phrase in Japanese relative clauses, with a focus on whether the anaphorsjibun‘self’ andjibun-jishin‘self-self’ within the head noun phrase can be co-referential with the relative clause subject. It aims to settle a long-standing debate among the previous studies concerning the interpretation of the anaphors inside the head noun phrase: while several studies claimed that the co-reference between the anaphorjibun‘self’ and the relative clause subject is prohibited, many other studies argued that such co-reference is possible. In addition, it has been claimed that while co-indexing the anaphorjibunwith the relative clause subject might be marginally acceptable, it would become fully acceptable if we replacejibunwith the morphologically complex anaphorjibun-jishin‘self-self’, which implies that the morphological make-up of an anaphor may affect its ability to be co-indexed with the relative clause subject.The results of two carefully controlled truth value judgment experiments show that neither the simplex anaphorjibunnor the complex anaphorjibun-jishinwithin the head noun phrase of relative clauses can take the relative clause subject as its antecedent, which suggests that the head noun phrase does not reconstruct and therefore lends support to thepro-binding analysis of Japanese relative clauses. Moreover, the findings also suggest that the morphological make-up of an anaphor does not affect its ability to take the relative clause subject as its antecedent, despite the claim that it is more acceptable to co-index the complex anaphorjibun-jishinwith the relative clause subject than the simplex anaphorjibun.
Aesthetic Surgery Research Funding: Where Does It Come From and to Whom Does It Go?
Authors: Hammond Jacob B , Armstrong Valerie L , McMullen Kaley , Bernard Robert W , Teven Chad M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Recent data show that aesthetic surgery research is lagging compared with reconstructive surgery: research funding and institutional disparities within aesthetic surgery are potential factors in this trend.

Objectives
The authors sought to determine if disparities exist in aesthetic surgery research based on funding sources or practice settings.

Methods
The authors reviewed Aesthetic Surgery Journal articles from 2009 to 2019. Chi-square, t test, bivariate, and multivariate regression analyses were employed to evaluate research trends.

Results
A total of 2262 publications were identified, with 318 funded articles meeting inclusion criteria. The majority of studies (294, 92%) received external funding, with 281 (88%) being supported solely by external funds. Externally funded studies were financed by private industry (194, 66%), foundations/societies (53, 18%), government grants (23, 8%), or a combination of agencies (24, 8%). The majority of funded studies were at academic institutions (266, 84%), followed by private practice (46, 14%) and private industry (6, 2%). Analysis of annual publications revealed a rising percentage of academic-based research, which correlated with decreasing research from private practice (r = −0.95, r2 = 0.89, P &lt; 0.001). Compared with academic institutions, private practice relied more heavily on industry funding (55% vs 87%, respectively, P = 0.001), exhibiting lower rates of foundational/societal (20% vs 2%), governmental (9% vs 0%), combined (8% vs 7%), and internal department funding (8% vs 4%). Article citations and level of evidence were unaffected by funding source, agency, or practice setting.

Conclusions
Lack of diversity in research funding among private practice surgeons may explain the reported discrepancies that currently exist between aesthetic and reconstructive surgery research.
Safety of Large-Volume Liposuction in Aesthetic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kanapathy Muholan , Pacifico Marc , Yassin Ahmed M , Bollen Edward , Mosahebi Afshin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Current literature clearly outlines the complication rates of liposuction in general; however, data specific to large-volume liposuction (LVL) remain unclear.

Objectives
The authors aimed to synthesize the current evidence on the safety of LVL with this systematic review.

Methods
A comprehensive search in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases was conducted for primary clinical studies reporting on safety or complications related to aesthetic LVL from 1946 to March 2020. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of surgical complication, and the secondary outcome measure was changes in metabolic profile. Meta-analyses were conducted to pool the estimated surgical complication incidence and metabolic changes.

Results
Twenty-three articles involving 3583 patients were included. The average aspirate volume was 7734.90 mL (95% CI = 5727.34 to 9742.45 mL). The pooled overall incidence of major surgical complications was 3.35% (95% CI = 1.07% to 6.84%). The most common major complication was blood loss requiring transfusion (2.89% [95% CI = 0.84% to 6.12%]) followed by pulmonary embolism (0.18% [95% CI = 0.06% to 0.33%]), hematoma (0.16% [95% CI = 0.05% to 0.32%]), necrotizing fasciitis (0.13% [95% CI = 0.04% to 0.29%]), and deep vein thrombosis (0.12% [95% CI = 0.03% to 0.27%]). No fat embolism or death was reported in the included studies. The pooled overall incidence of minor surgical complication was 11.62% (95% CI = 6.36% to 18.21%), with seroma being the most common minor complication (5.51% [95% CI = 2.69% to 9.27%]). Reductions in lipid profile, glucose profile, body weight, and hematocrit level were observed after LVL.

Conclusions
The authors meta-analyzed and highlighted the complication rates specifically related to LVL in this study; however, the current data are limited by the lack of level 1 evidence.

Level of Evidence: 4