bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological hallmarks of systemic sclerosis are present in the skin and serum of patients with Very Early Diagnosis of Systemic Sclerosis (VEDOSS)
Authors: Ross Rebecca L , Caballero-Ruiz Begoña , Clarke Emily L , Kakkar Vishal , Wasson Christopher W , Mulipa Panji , De Lorenzis Enrico , Merchant Will , Di Donato Stefano , Rindone Andrea , Herrick Ariane L , Denton Christopher P , Riobo-Del Galdo Natalia A , Del Galdo Francesco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
The Very Early Diagnosis of Systemic Sclerosis (VEDOSS) EUSTAR study showed that, despite not showing any clinical sign of disease, patients with Raynaud’s and ANA and/or capillaroscopy abnormalities often progress to SSc within 5 years. We aimed to determine whether VEDOSS biosamples show biological SSc activity pre-clinically.

Methods
Skin biopsies were histologically analysed. Dermal fibroblasts analysed by RT-qPCR and gel contraction assays. Sera were assayed by Luminex (CXCL10) or ELISA (ELF score). Healthy controls (HC) and SSc biosamples were used for controls.

Results
Overall, 114 consecutive VEDOSS patients were enrolled, of which 36 consented to have skin biopsies. Skin biopsies showed a variable but overall increased collagen staining and skin thickness, increased perivascular infiltrate of CD45-positive cells and CXCL10 expression. In vitro, VEDOSS dermal fibroblasts showed increased profibrotic gene expression and contractibility compared with HC. Increased serological CXCL10 [mean (s.d.) 75.90 (107.80) vs HC 39.90 (26.27) pg/ml, P = 0.02] and ELF score was evident in VEDOSS compared with HC [8.19 (0.78) vs 8.55 (0.79), P = 0.04]. In longitudinal analysis of a median of 27.5 (interquartile range 44.5) months, 14.9% of VEDOSS patients progressed to SSc. Baseline CXCL10 serum concentration was significantly higher in the VEDOSS patients that progressed (2-fold increase, P = 0.0071) and correlated with ELF score (R = 0.3096, P = 0.0065).

Conclusions
Despite not fulfilling classification criteria, VEDOSS patients show SSc-linked fibrosis and immunity dysregulation both within the tissue and sera, supporting a biological diagnosis of disease and a window of opportunity to detect the biological pathways amenable for preventive intervention.
Renal arteriosclerosis in kidney biopsies associated with higher 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in lupus nephritis
Authors: Garg Shivani , Astor Brad C , Lim S Sam , Raval Amish N , Zhong Weixiong , Panzer Sarah E , Khosroshahi Arezou , Rovin Brad , Bartels Christie M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Patients with lupus nephritis (LN), including those below age 50, face significantly higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) vs peers. This highlights the need for identifying specific ASCVD risk factors in LN. Renal arteriosclerosis in kidney biopsies (subclinical arteriosclerosis) may be able to predict future clinical ASCVD events. However, renal arteriosclerosis is under-reported in LN biopsies and is not taken into consideration when ASCVD risk is calculated. Therefore, we aimed to systematically grade renal arteriosclerosis in kidney biopsies at LN diagnosis and examined associations with 10-year and 20-year ASCVD occurrence.

Methods
Adults with biopsy-proven LN were included. Clinical ASCVD, including fatal and non-fatal events, were adjudicated. Utilizing standard Banff grading criteria, all biopsies at LN diagnosis were re-read to grade renal arteriosclerosis. Covariables (e.g. socio-demographics, comorbidities, med exposure) were abstracted. Using Cox models, factors (including renal arteriosclerosis) associated with 10-year and 20-year clinical ASCVD were examined.

Results
Among 209 patients, 36 and 49 clinical ASCVD occurred within 10 and 20 years. Renal arteriosclerosis (&gt;25%) was associated with 3× higher 10-year ASCVD. High area deprivation index (&gt;80) and longer angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) exposure were associated with 4× higher and 0.65× lower ASCVD occurrence. Adding renal arteriosclerosis &gt;25% improved model performance for 10-year ASCVD risk estimation from 65% to 80%. Similar associations were seen with 20-year ASCVD.

Conclusion
Renal arteriosclerosis &gt;25%, area deprivation and ACEi exposure could inform ASCVD risk stratification in LN. Prospective studies should validate findings and inform clinical use.
An older man with progressive short-term memory loss and confusion
Authors: Reynolds Beverly , McLaine Rosalind 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
A 72-year-old man with progressive memory loss and confusion presented to a neurology clinic for evaluation. He initially had difficulty remembering names and misplaced objects; however, his memory deficits had progressed, and more recently he had numerous car accidents and difficulty managing his own medications and finances. Cognitive testing revealed significant memory deficits reflecting moderate-stage dementia, and his brain MRI showed several cortical microbleeds and an area of siderosis consistent with the diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). This case report provides an overview of a classic case of CAA and its potential treatment options.
37th Annual APRN Legislative Update
Authors: Phillips Susanne J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
In this 37th installment of the Annual APRN Legislative Update—released in an anniversary year for both The Nurse Practitioner journal and for the advanced practice nursing profession—progress in terms of the advancement of APRN scope of practice over the years is reviewed. Current status of and updates to APRN practice authority and reimbursement in each US state and Washington, D.C. are reported.
Approach to DIEP Flap Pedicle Dissection via a Midline Fascial Incision
Authors: Gowda Arvind U. , Matatov Tim , McClure Kelsey , Mino Matthew , Zakhary Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Summary:
In this article, our technique for deep inferior epigastric pedicle dissection utilizing a midline fascial incision is described. Approaching these vessels via a midline facial incision provides facile access to the retrorectus space bilaterally, utilizes a dissection plane that facilitates preservation of nerve and muscle fibers, and allows for both efficient and ergonomic pedicle dissection. This method is safe and easily reproducible and may reduce abdominal donor site morbidity in deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction.
The Relationship Between Blepharoptosis and Psychosocial Health in the All of Us Research Program
Authors: Zhao Aaron T. , He Jocelyn , Ying Gui-Shuang , Katowitz William R. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To investigate the association between blepharoptosis (ptosis) and psychosocial stress levels, depression, and anxiety in a diverse population of American adults.

Methods:
Utilizing data from the National Institutes of Health’s All of Us Research Program, we analyzed responses from 104,456 participants who completed psychosocial assessments. Participants with a history of a ptosis diagnosis were 1:3 matched with controls using propensity score calculated based on demographics and comorbidities. Univariate and multivariable regression models were used to evaluate associations.

Results:
Among 1,032 participants (mean age: 70.0 years, 33.6% male) with ptosis, the prevalence of depression and anxiety (15.3% vs. 5.2%; p < 0.001) was significantly higher (43.7% vs. 18.2%; p < 0.001) compared to 3,096 matched controls. Multivariable analysis revealed increased odds of depression (OR: 3.25; 95% CI: 2.78–3.80; p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR: 3.13; 95% CI: 2.47–3.96; p < 0.001) among those with ptosis. Female participants with ptosis had greater odds of depression (OR: 3.44 vs. 2.90) and anxiety (OR: 3.13 vs. 3.04) compared with males. In univariate analysis, participants with ptosis had greater scores in the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (18.53 vs. 18.23; p = 0.03) and Everyday Discrimination Scale (0.62 vs. 0.57; p = 0.02) than controls. However, these associations were not significant in the multivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, female participants with ptosis had greater Everyday Discrimination Scale scores than matched controls (1.10 vs. 1.02; p = 0.004).

Conclusions:
Ptosis is significantly associated with higher rates of depression and anxiety, particularly in females. This underscores the need for comprehensive treatment approaches that address both aesthetic and psychological needs.
A case of necrotizing fasciitis secondary to cutaneous tuberculosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: Liu Xurong , Fu Zhengzheng , Zhong Jing , Zhan Jipang , He Renliang 
Published: December 2024

Introduction and importance:
Skin tuberculosis is a rare chronic skin disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Due to variations in host immunity, as well as differences in the toxicity, quantity, and routes of invasion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, different clinical manifestations can occur.

Case presentation:
A 60-year-old female with a history of SLE for 16 years presented with dark brown nodules and plaques on the left lower limb and dorsal hands for approximately 8 months, which worsened with erythema and ulceration over the last 3 months. Prior to this, she was diagnosed with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Her ulcer progressively increased in size and number, accompanied by yellowish-white cheesy discharge. Diagnostic evaluations, including a biopsy, confirmed the diagnosis of NF. Subsequently, the patient underwent treatment with a combination of surgical intervention, pharmacotherapy, and other supportive measures, leading to improvement and eventual discharge.

Clinical discussion:
Unlike the classical presentations, this case report describes a rare manifestation of NF secondary to cutaneous tuberculosis complicated by SLE. This presentation poses challenges in diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the significance of comprehensive debridement and combination therapy in such patients. Further research is necessary to validate its effectiveness across broader patient demographics, especially in pediatrics and pregnant women.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the rare association between NF and cutaneous tuberculosis. The report of this case, with its rare clinical manifestations, can serve as a good reference to reduce misdiagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis and provide timely and effective treatment for patients.
Isolated pulmonary injury following electric shock: a case report and literature review
Authors: Vu-Hoai Nam , Dang-Vu Thong , Lam-Quoc Dung , Duong-Minh Ngoc , Tran-Ngoc Thai-Hoa , Tran-Ngoc Nguyen , Nguyen-Dang Khoa 
Published: December 2024

Introduction and Importance:
Electrocution can lead to severe visceral organ damage, including pulmonary injuries. However, isolated electrical-induced pulmonary injury (EIPI) following electric shock remains underreported. This case reports a 33-year-old male who suffered an EIPI after contact with low-voltage electricity and provides a comprehensive literature review to explore the mechanisms, clinical presentation, imaging findings, and treatment of EIPI.

Case Presentation:
A previously healthy 33-year-old male presented with dyspnea, chest pain, and dry cough following an electrocution while lifting a fallen 220 V wire. Chest imaging revealed diffuse consolidations, ground-glass opacities (GGO), and interlobular septal thickening. Bronchoscopy findings were normal; no infectious pathogens were detected in blood and sputum cultures. The patient was treated with oxygen therapy, antibiotics, and supportive care, achieving full recovery after nine days of hospitalization.

Clinical Discussion:
A review of 12 case reports found that pulmonary injuries following electrocution are mostly associated with low-voltage exposure. The most common findings include bilateral lung consolidations, GGO, and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. The pathophysiology of lung parenchyma involves coagulation necrosis, leading to alveolar hemorrhage. Management includes supportive care, with surgery reserved for cases with extensive necrosis unresponsive to medical treatment.

Conclusion:
EIPI is a rare but potentially severe consequence of electrocution, often presenting as bilateral lung consolidations and alveolar hemorrhage. Given the variability in presentation and severity, chest imaging should be considered in all cases after electrocution, even in the absence of external injuries. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are essential to ensure favorable outcomes, with surgical intervention considered in selected cases.
Resilience of rapeseed to heat stress during grain filling in a high yielding environment
Authors: Verdejo José , Calderini Daniel F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGlobal climate change is driving the temperature increase, which negatively impacts on crop production. Most heat stress studies in rapeseed have been conducted under controlled conditions, limiting their results to true field crops. This study aimed to assess the sensitivity of rapeseed to temperature increase during two phases of the grain filling period in southern Chile, a high-yield potential environment. To our knowledge, this is the first field study evaluating the effects of heat stress at different phases of grain filling in rapeseed. Three field experiments were conducted with two adapted spring rapeseed hybrids, Lumen and Solar CL, under three temperature treatments: a control at ambient temperature, a 5°C increase from the beginning of flowering to 15 days after flowering (DAF), and the same increase from 15 to 30 DAF. Crop and climate variables, including air temperature and solar radiation were recorded along the experiments. Slight effects on grain yield due to heat stress were found, however, the hybrids exhibited different sensitivities, with Lumen being less affected than Solar CL. Grian yield of the last hybrid showed positive association with photothermal quotient and negatively with temperature, while Lumen did not show relationship. The most significant impact on grain yield occurred during the first half of grain filling (0-15 DAF), resulting in a reduction of 26.8% of grain number in Solar CL, compared to a 6.0% reduction in Lumen across experiments. Grain weight remained little affected by thermal stress, indicating its conservative behaviour and tolerance in southern Chile conditions. Grain oil concentration was scarcely sensitive, while grain protein concentration increased under heat stress. The low impact on the crop outcomes of our studies may be attributed to the lower background temperature of southern Chile, suggesting that this environment may confer greater rapeseed heat tolerance during grain filling than in other agroecosystems.
Mapping targetable sites on the human surfaceome for the design of novel binders
Authors: Balbi Petra E. M. , Sadek Ahmed , Marchand Anthony , Yu Ta-Yi , Damjanovic Jovan , Georgeon Sandrine , Schmidt Joseph , Fulle Simone , Yang Che , Khakzad Hamed , Correia Bruno E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe human cell surfaceome, integral to cell communication and disease mechanisms, presents a prime target for therapeutic intervention.De novoprotein binder design against these cell surface proteins offers a promising yet underexplored strategy for drug development. However, the vast search space and limited data on natural or competitive binders have historically limited experimental success. In this study, we systematically analyzed the entire human surfaceome, identifying approximately 4,500 targetable sites and introducing high-quality binder seeds tailored for protein design applications. To validate these seeds, we implemented two experimental approaches (protein scaffolding and peptide cyclization) on three representative targets (FGFR2, IFNAR2, and HER3). Our results revealed a high success rate, emphasizing the precision and therapeutic potential of these seeds, as well as the need for constant improvements of computational protein design pipelines utilizing machine learning and physics-based methods. Additionally, we present SURFACE-Bind, an interactive database offering open access to all generated data. The high-throughput computational design methods and target-specific binder seeds established here pave the way for a new generation of targeted therapeutics for the human surfaceome.
Transcription Factor RUNX1 Regulates Coagulation Factor XIII-A (F13A1): Decreased Platelet-MegakaryocyteF13A1Expression and Clot Contraction inRUNX1Haplodeficiency
Authors: Del Carpio-Cano Fabiola , Songdej Natthapol , Guan Liying , Mao Guangfen , Goldfinger Lawrence E. , Wurtzel Jeremy G.T. , Lee Kiwon , Lambert Michele P , Poncz Mortimer , Koneti Rao A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundGermlineRUNX1haplodeficiency (RHD) is associated with thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction and predisposition to myeloid malignancies. Platelet expression profiling of a RHD patient showed decreasedF13A1,encoding for the A subunit of factor XIII, a transglutaminase that cross-links fibrin and induces clot stabilization. FXIII-A is synthesized by hematopoietic cells, megakaryocytes and monocytes.AimsTo understand RUNX1 regulation ofF13A1expression in platelet/megakaryocyte and the mechanisms and consequences of decreasedF13A1in RHD.MethodsWe performed studies in platelets, HEL cells and human CD34+ cell-derived megakaryocytes including on clot contraction in cells following small inhibitor (si)RNA knockdown (KD) ofRUNX1orF13A1.ResultsPlateletF13A1mRNA and protein were decreased in our index patient and in two siblings from an unrelated family with RHD. Platelet-driven clot contraction was decreased in the patient and affected daughter. Promoter studies in HEL cells showed thatRUNX1regulatesF13A1transcription; RUNX1 overexpression increased and (si)RNA RUNX1 KD reducedF13A1promoter activity and protein. FollowingRUNX1orF13A1KD clot contraction by HEL cells was decreased as were FXIII-A surface expression, myosin light chain phosphorylation and PAC1 binding upon activation.F13A1expression and clot contraction were impaired onRUNX1downregulation in human megakaryocytes.ConclusionsRUNX1 regulates platelet-megakaryocyteF13A1expression, which is decreased in RHD, reflecting regulation of a coagulation protein by a hematopoietic transcription factor. Platelet and megakaryocyte clot contraction is decreased in RHD, related to multiple impaired mechanisms includingF13A1expression, myosin phosphorylation and αIIbβ3activation.Scientific category– Platelets and thrombopoiesisEssentialsRUNX1 regulates expression of FXIII-A chain (F13A1)in megakaryocytes (MK) and platelets.Platelet and MKF13A1expression and clot contraction are decreased inRUNX1deficiency.MK clot contraction, myosin phosphorylation and PAC1-binding are impaired inF13A1deficiency.Defective clot contraction in RHD arises from defects in multiple platelet-MK mechanisms.
Nanoroughness-induced antireflection and haze effects in opaque systems
Authors: Gareyan V. , Margaryan N. , Gevorkian Zh. 
Published: December 2024

How to make a material antireflective without changing its high refraction index? Achieving antireflection in high-refractive-index materials poses challenges due to their high reflectivity (Fresnel equations). Based on theory with new boundary conditions, we propose modifying surface properties on a nanoscale to tackle this. Our study on weakly rough opaque surfaces reveals significant changes in specular and diffuse scattering, predicting antireflection where roughness matches light penetration depth. Experimental validation on nanoroughened Si films (at wavelengths 300 to 400 nm) supports our findings. We also analyze angular and polarization dependences of nanoroughness-induced haze, showing predominant p polarization and minimal haze at nanoscale, yet impactful specular reflection reduction.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Is there a scalar or pseudoscalar at 95 GeV?
Authors: Arcadi Giorgio , Busoni Giorgio , Cabo-Almeida David , Krishnan Navneet 
Published: December 2024

We discuss the possibility of interpreting the recent experimental hints in favor of a 95 GeV resonance with extensions of the Standard Model featuring an extra Higgs doublet and SM scalar (2HDM+s) or pseudoscalar singlet (2HDM+a). We compare the possibility of reproducing the experimental anomalies with the theoretical constraints on the extended Higgs sector as well as complementary bounds coming from flavor physics and other colliders searchers. For both the 2HDM+s and 2HDM+a we will consider a generic natural flavor conserving (NFC) model as well as the customary type-I, -II, -X and -Y configurations of the Yukawa coupling to the BSM Higgs bosons. We find that no model is able to reproduce all experimental hints, and plot the 2σ C.L. favored regions in the parameter space.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Public stigma towards individuals with schizophrenia who offend, considering the perceiver’s level of contact, empathy and right-wing views
Authors: Walkden Samantha Marie , Turner Kirstie 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
Individuals with severe mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, frequently experience public stigma, which can be further enhanced if the individual has an offending history. This study aims to examine how perceiver attributes, including empathy and endorsement of right-wing views, can impact perceptions and attitudes towards individuals with schizophrenia who offend.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used an online survey method, recruiting an international public sample (N = 396), with an age range of 18–71 years (M = 33.15, SD = 11.42). Participants’ level of contact with mental illness, empathy and right-wing views were measured and considered in relation to their impact on reported stigma.

Findings
Results highlighted that a greater level of contact with individuals with schizophrenia, and increased levels of empathy, were strong predictors of decreased levels of stigma towards individuals with schizophrenia who offend. Whereas stronger endorsement of right-wing attitudes were associated with increased stigma towards this population.

Originality/value
This research offers a unique contribution by considering a variety of perceiver attributes that contribute towards stigma directed at this population. The theoretical and practical implications of this research are considered, thus contributing to the limited literature on perceptions of individuals with schizophrenia who offend. The discussion highlights limitations and makes suggestions for future research.
Leveraging e-Islamic marketing to solidify marketing performance in the new normal (a lesson from Indonesian private Islamic higher educations)
Authors: Riofita Hendra 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aims to leverage e-Islamic marketing to solidify Islamic marketing mix and strategic Islamic issue effect, respectively, on private Islamic higher educational marketing performance in the new normal.

Design/methodology/approach
The design of this study is survey. Primary data is collected through the questionnaires sent to the leader elements of Indonesian private Islamic higher educations via a google form link and analyzed with SPSS and Amos programs.

Findings
The findings demonstrate that e-Islamic marketing can solidify the effect of Islamic marketing mix and strategic Islamic issues, respectively, on the marketing performance of private Islamic higher education in the new normal. The e-Islamic marketing, Islamic marketing mix and strategic Islamic issues are, respectively, also the predictors of the marketing performance.

Originality/value
The constructs used by this study can enrich the implementation of resource-based view theory, can implement the education marketing integrating technological advance with Islamic marketing to solidify marketing performance, can cover the religiosity aspects of prospective students’ and can manifest maqashid sharia concept.