bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visible‐Light‐Driven Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production on Cd0.5Zn0.5S Nanorods with an Apparent Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 80%
Authors: Khan Khakemin , Tao Xiaoping , Shi Ming , Zeng Bin , Feng Zhaochi , Li Can , Li Rengui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract1D semiconductor nanomaterials have generated a high interest in heterogeneous photocatalysis. However, most 1D photocatalysts still suffer from poor charge separation and severe charge recombination. Herein, a unique approach via surface doping of phosphorus (P) atoms into 1D Cd0.5Zn0.5S (CZS) nanorods is demonstrated, leading to an imbalanced charge distribution and a localized built‐in electric field, verified by characterizations including photoluminescence and transient absorption spectra. The CZS‐P nanorods exhibit more than two orders of magnitude enhancement in photocatalytic H2 production activity relative to pristine CZS under visible light. Further construction of spatially separated dual‐cocatalysts (Pt and PdS) on the tip and lateral surface of the CZS‐P nanorods enables a significant improvement in the photocatalytic activity, which results in an apparent quantum efficiency exceeding 89% at 420 nm. Such efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production is attributed to the synergistic effect of tuning the intrinsic built‐in electric field for spatial charge separation and simultaneously accelerating the reduction and oxidation reaction rates utilizing photogenerated charges. The idea of integrating spatial charge separation via morphology tailoring, additional built‐in electric field, and spatial separation of dual‐cocatalysts provides a pathway for rationally designing artificial photocatalysts for solar energy conversion.
Remarkable Reduction of Interfacial Thermal Resistance in Nanophononic Heterostructures
Authors: Ren Kai , Liu Xiangjun , Chen Shuai , Cheng Yuan , Tang Wencheng , Zhang Gang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis work investigates interfacial thermal transport in phononic‐mismatched heterostructures that consists of pristine black phosphorene and its phononic crystal. It is found that the presence of the sub‐periodic structure results in reduced thermal conductivity in phononic crystals. As opposed to intuitive expectations, a slight temperature jump is observed at the interface of nanophononic heterostructures, which is only about 10% of that at conventional interfaces consisting of dissimilar materials. Consequently, contact thermal conductance in the nanophononic heterostructure is 10−30 times higher than that of mass‐mismatched interfaces in a comparative study. Moreover, in contrast to conventional heterostructures achieved by interfacing dissimilar materials, weak temperature dependence is observed in interfacial thermal conductance, and thermal rectification is sharply suppressed. These phenomena are well explained based on lattice dynamic insights. This work not only enhances the understanding of the fundamental physics of phonons transport across interface, but also facilitates the possible spectrum of application ranges from thermoelectrics, thermal management, to thermal cloak.
Harmonizing the Electronic Structures on BiOI with Active Oxygen Vacancies toward Facet‐Dependent Antibacterial Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Sun Jingyu , Wen Jinghong , Wu Guizhu , Zhang Ze , Chen Xue , Wang Guichang , Liu Mingyang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDue to the unique surface atomic arrangement, exposed facets and defects of nanomaterials play critical roles in their physicochemical properties. Herein, BiOI nanosheets with the same type of defects on different exposed facets such as {001} (BI‐001) and {110} (BI‐110) are engineered to harmonize the electronic structures for antibacterial applications. Results demonstrate that BI‐110 exhibits higher activity in killing Escherichia coli under 808 nm light irradiation than that of BI‐001 due to its superior electronic structures. The density functional theory calculations show that BI‐110 with its excellent geometric effect exhibits stronger adsorption to O2, leading to the formation of highly concentrated single oxygen species, which causes excellent antibacterial performance. This work with the combination of facets engineering and vacancy engineering will inspire future studies on antibacterial photodynamic therapy.
2D TMD Channel Transistors with ZnO Nanowire Gate for Extended Nonvolatile Memory Applications
Authors: Kim Taewook , Kang Donghee , Lee Yangjin , Hong Sungjae , Shin Hyung Gon , Bae Heesun , Yi Yeonjin , Kim Kwanpyo , Im Seongil 
Published: August 2020

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been extensively studied due to their excellent physical properties. Mixed dimensional devices including 2D materials have also been studied, motivated by the possibility of any synergy effect from unique structures. However, only few such studies have been conducted. Here, semiconducting 1D ZnO nanowires are used as thin gate material to support 2D TMD field effect transistors (FETs) and 2D stack‐based interface trap nonvolatile memory. For the trap memory, deep level electron traps formed at the first MoS2/second MoS2 stack interface are exploited, since the first MoS2 is treated in an atomic layer deposition chamber for a short while. On the one hand, a complementary inverter type memory device can also be achieved using a long single ZnO wire as a common gate to simultaneously support both n‐ and p‐channel TMD FETs. In addition, it is found that the semiconducting ZnO nanowire itself operates as an n‐type channel when the TMD materials can become a top‐gate to charge the ZnO channel. It means that 2D (bottom gated) and 1D channel (top gated) FETs are respectively operational in a single device structure. The 1D–2D mixed devices seem deserving broad attention in both aspects of novelty and functionality.
All‐Inorganic CsPbIxBr3−x Perovskite Solar Cells: Crystal Anisotropy Effect
Authors: Zhao Peng , Su Jie , Lin Zhenhua , Wang Jiaping , Zhang Jincheng , Hao Yue , Ouyang Xiaoping , Chang Jingjing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the crystal anisotropy effect of materials on optical and electrical properties is crucial for further comprehension of the device operating mechanism and device performance improvement. In this study, a detailed theoretical analysis is performed to explore the crystal anisotropy effect on the performance of perovskite solar cells by employing state‐of‐the‐art multiscale simulations connecting from the material (first‐principle theory) to the device (drift‐diffusion model). According to the results obtained from first‐principle calculation, the mobility and absorption coefficient of CsPbIBr2 and CsPbI2Br along the [001] orientation are larger than those along the [100] orientation, suggesting that the transport properties and optical properties along the [001] orientation are superior to those along the [100] orientation. According to the results obtained from the drift‐diffusion model, owing to the superior optical and transport characters along the [001] direction, the optimal power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of CsPbI2Br (18.88%) and CsPbIBr2 (16.42%) solar cells can be obtained. In addition, the two‐terminal CsPbIxBr3‐x/silicon tandem solar cell is also investigated. By utilizing CsPbIBr2/silicon and CsPbI2Br/silicon tandem structures along the [001] orientation, ultrahigh efficiencies are achieved up to 26.32% and 31.39%, respectively. Therefore, the [001] crystal orientation of CsPbIBr2 and CsPbI2Br is more suitable for further applications of optoelectronic devices.
Profit‐maximizing potassium fertilizer recommendations for soybean
Authors: Popp Michael P. , Slaton Nathan A. , Roberts Trenton L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPotassium (K) fertilizer has important yield and cost ramifications in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. Rate recommendations are often based on expected yield response as predicted by a soil test. To that end, soybean response to K application rate studies were analyzed using 86 site‐years from 2004 to 2019. We estimated a generic yield response curve across soybean cultivar and soil texture to allow calculation of profit‐maximizing K rates for producers in the mid‐southern United States that also consider crop value and fertilizer cost. Further, we compared profit‐maximizing fertilizer‐K rates with those currently recommended. Using a spreadsheet‐based decision aid, soybean prices and yields, fertilizer‐K cost, and a range of initial soil‐test K (STK) values, as observed over the last 10 yr, we find that current uniform fertilizer‐K rate recommendations were greater than the predicted profit‐maximizing rates. Profit‐maximizing rates added profit ranging from US$2.32 ha−1 at initial Mehlich‐3 K availability values of 110 mg K kg−1 to US$29.35 ha−1 at 60 mg K kg−1 on average. The corresponding fertilizer‐K rate reductions were 11 and 48 kg K ha−1, respectively, resulting in attendant yield penalties of only 28 and 52 kg ha−1. Furthermore, K fertilization was not economically justifiable beyond STK of 128 mg K kg−1 on average. Hence, performing soil tests and calculating profit‐maximizing fertilizer‐K rates showed promising returns to producers at lesser fertilizer‐K use by sacrificing a minimal amount of yield. Also, variable‐rate applied K fertilizer in comparison to uniform rate application was rarely cost effective within the tested assumptions.
Chromoanasynthesis as a cause of Jacobsen syndrome
Authors: Anzick Sarah , Thurm Audrey , Burkett Sandra , Velez Daniel , Cho Elena , Chlebowski Colby , Virtaneva Kimmo , Bruno Daniel , Martin Clare B. , Lang David M. , Brooks Brian , Martens Craig , McDermott David H. , Murphy Philip M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractJacobsen syndrome (MIM #147791) is a rare multisystem genomic disorder involving craniofacial abnormalities, intellectual disability, other neurodevelopmental defects, and terminal truncation of chromosome 11q, typically deleting ~170 to >340 genes. We describe the first case of Jacobsen syndrome caused by congenital chromoanasynthesis, an extreme form of complex chromosomal rearrangement. Six duplications and five deletions occurred on one copy of chromosome 11q with microhomology signatures in the breakpoint junctions, indicating an all‐at‐once replication‐based rearrangement mechanism in a gametocyte or early post‐zygotic cell. Eighteen genes were deleted from the Jacobsen region, including KIRREL3, which is associated with intellectual disability.
Small vessel disease more than Alzheimer's disease determines diffusion MRI alterations in memory clinic patients
Authors: Finsterwalder Sofia , Vlegels Naomi , Gesierich Benno , Araque Caballero Miguel Á. , Weaver Nick A. , Franzmeier Nicolai , Georgakis Marios K. , Konieczny Marek J. , Koek Huiberdina L. ,   Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN), Karch Celeste M. , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Salloway Stephen , Oh Hwamee , Allegri Ricardo F. , Chhatwal Jasmeer P. ,   DELCODE study group, Jessen Frank , Düzel Emrah , Dobisch Laura , Metzger Coraline , Peters Oliver , Incesoy Enise I. , Priller Josef , Spruth Eike J. , Schneider Anja , Fließbach Klaus , Buerger Katharina , Janowitz Daniel , Teipel Stefan J. , Kilimann Ingo , Laske Christoph , Buchmann Martina , Heneka Michael T. , Brosseron Frederic , Spottke Annika , Roy Nina , Ertl‐Wagner Birgit , Scheffler Klaus ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI),   Utrecht VCI study group, Seo Sang Won , Kim Yeshin , Na Duk L. , Kim Hee Jin , Jang Hyemin , Ewers Michael , Levin Johannes , Schmidt Reinhold , Pasternak Ofer , Dichgans Martin , Biessels Geert Jan , Duering Marco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionMicrostructural alterations as assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are key findings in both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and small vessel disease (SVD). We determined the contribution of each of these conditions to diffusion alterations.MethodsWe studied six samples (N = 365 participants) covering the spectrum of AD and SVD, including genetically defined samples. We calculated diffusion measures from DTI and free water imaging. Simple linear, multivariable random forest, and voxel‐based regressions were used to evaluate associations between AD biomarkers (amyloid beta, tau), SVD imaging markers, and diffusion measures.ResultsSVD markers were strongly associated with diffusion measures and showed a higher contribution than AD biomarkers in multivariable analysis across all memory clinic samples. Voxel‐wise analyses between tau and diffusion measures were not significant.DiscussionIn memory clinic patients, the effect of SVD on diffusion alterations largely exceeds the effect of AD, supporting the value of diffusion measures as markers of SVD.
Polyethylenimine‐modified sugarcane bagasse cellulose as an effective adsorbent for removing Cu(II) from aqueous solution
Authors: Jiang Wenyan , Xing Yihao , Zhang Linye , Guo Xiaoming , Lu Yiwen , Yang Mei , Wang Jing , Wei Guangtao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPolyethylenimine‐modified sugarcane bagasse cellulose (SBCMP), as a new adsorbent, was synthesized by the reaction of polyethylenimine (PEI) with sugarcane bagasse cellulose and glutaraldehyde. The adsorption of Cu(II) by SBCMP was pH‐dependent, and the higher removal efficiency of Cu(II) appeared in the range of pH 3.0–6.0. The adsorption isothermal data fitted well with the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of SBCMP was up to 107.5 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics was best described by the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic. The adsorption of Cu(II) by SBCMP was unfavorable at high temperatures, and thermodynamic analyses implied that the adsorption of Cu(II) by SBCMP was an exothermic reaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) combined with X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that Cu(II) adsorption on SBCMP mainly controlled by the nitrogen atoms of NH group in PEI. The results of regeneration cycles showed that SBCMP was suitable for reuse in the adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution. These experimental results suggested that SBCMP is expected to be a new biomass adsorbent with high efficiency in removing Cu(II) from wastewater.
Preparation and properties of poly(lactic acid)/lignin‐modified polyvinyl acetate composites
Authors: Shu You , Luo Qionglin , Wang Mingliang , Ouyang Yuejun , Lin Hongwei , Sheng Liping , Su Shengpei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPoly(lactic acid)(PLA) has good application in the field of packaging because of its good biodegradability, tensile strength, and film‐forming properties. However, the disadvantages of high brittleness and high cost limit the wider application of PLA. PLA/lignin‐modified polyvinyl acetate (L‐PVAc) composites with excellent toughness were prepared by melt blending PLA with modifier L‐PVAc. The mechanical properties, thermal properties and morphology of the composites were characterized to evaluate the effect of L‐PVAc content on the properties of the composites. The results showed that the introduction of L‐PVAc could increase the impact strength, elongation at break, glass transition temperature, melting temperature and the degree of crystallinity of PLA/L‐PVAc composites. When the L‐PVAc content reached up to 20.0 wt%, the impact strength, elongation at break, glass transition temperature, melting temperature and the degree of crystallinity of the composites were increased by 298.2%, 167.5%, 3.8%, 1.8%, and 78.8%, respectively compared to pure PLA due to the good toughness of PVAc and heterogeneous nucleation of lignin. This research can promote the high‐value utilization of lignin and the application of PLA in the fields of clothing, agriculture, medical and hygiene.
Finite‐time stabilization of maglev system with an output constraint
Authors: Liu Jia‐Nan , Sun Zong‐Yao , Cai Bin , Meng Qinghua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of finite‐time stabilization for the maglev system with an output constraint whose range depends on the experimental platform. A tan‐type barrier Lyapunov function is introduced to guarantee that the output of the maglev system is restricted in the prescribed region and the state converges to zero in a finite time. The novelty lies in the fact that the design and the analysis for constrained and unconstrained output are unified without changing the structure of the controller. Finally, simulations are given to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical result.
Survival and recurrence after intraperitoneal chemotherapy use: Retrospective review of ovarian cancer hospital registry data
Authors: Adambekov Shalkar , Lopa Samia , Edwards Robert P. , Lemon Lara , Wang Shu , Taylor Sarah E. , Orr Brian , Linkov Faina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntraperitoneal/intravenous chemotherapy (IP/IV) was associated with improved survival for ovarian cancer (OC) patients in several randomized clinical trials. However, the uptake of IP/IV in clinical practice is varied due to conflicting evidence about its impact on survival and recurrence. The aim of this study was to explore the uptake of IP/IV treatment and to evaluate its impact on survival and recurrence in OC patients.MethodsDemographic and clinical information on OC patients (N = 2916) who underwent treatment for OC between 2000 and 2017 was obtained from the large healthcare system cancer registry. Duplicate records, grade 1, rare (eg, gelatinous carcinoma), and non‐epithelial (eg, granulosa cell carcinoma) tumors were excluded. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were constructed to compare 5‐ and 10‐year survival based on the chemotherapy type, surgery type, and stage. Multivariable Gray's piecewise constant time‐varying coefficient models were fitted to evaluate the effect of IP/IV on adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) of OC survival and recurrence adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 1846 OC patients, 14% (250/1846) of which received IP/IV chemotherapy. IP/IV was significantly associated with improved 10‐year survival (P < .001). Multivariable Gray's model demonstrated that IP/IV therapy significantly reduced the AHR of death (AHR = 0.39‐1.07, P < .001) with the beneficial effect gradually declining over time. Use of IP/IV chemotherapy had no impact on OC recurrence.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrated that only a small fraction of eligible patients underwent IP/IV chemotherapy. We report a significant 10‐year survival, but not necessarily recurrence benefit is associated with IP/IV chemotherapy compared to IV only, suggesting the need for novel ways of identifying patients who may benefit from IP/IV chemotherapy.
Phase II trial of sorafenib and doxorubicin in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma after disease progression on sorafenib
Authors: El Dika Imane , Capanu Marinela , Chou Joanne F. , Harding James J. , Ly Michele , Hrabovsky Anna D. , Do Richard K.G. , Shia Jinru , Millang Brittanie , Ma Jennifer , O’Reilly Eileen M. , Abou‐Alfa Ghassan K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received second line sorafenib plus doxorubicin following disease progression on sorafenib were shown retrospectively to have improved progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Sorafenib plus doxorubicin combination may synergistically promote ASK‐1 mediated apoptosis in cancer cells through RAF‐1 inhibition. Thus, we conducted this phase II study of sorafenib and doxorubicin combination following progression on sorafenib.MethodsPatients with histologically confirmed advanced HCC, confirmed radiologic progression on sorafenib, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) ≥70%, and Child‐Pugh A liver cirrhosis were eligible. Patients received sorafenib 400 mg twice daily and doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 once every 3‐weeks. The primary endpoint was OS at 6 months (OS6). Secondary endpoints included safety, PFS, OS, response rate (RR) by RECIST 1.1. Additional endpoints included baseline and on‐treatment tumor ASK‐1 and pERK expression levels by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the correlation with PFS, RR, and OS.ResultsThirty patients were enrolled in the study, 86% were male, median age was 64 years. OS6 was 76.6% (95%CI: 57.2%‐88.1%). Median OS was 8.6 (95%CI: 7.3‐12) months, and median PFS reached 3.9 (95%CI: 2.4‐4.6) months. Three (11%) partial responses were observed and 17 patients (61%) had stable disease. Pertinent grade 3‐4 adverse events that occurred in more than 10% of patients included neutropenia (16%), febrile neutropenia (10%), anemia (10%), thrombocytopenia (10%), elevated AST (23%) and ALT (10%), hypophosphatemia (10%), and fatigue (10%). No association with the difference in baseline and post‐treatment ASK‐1 and pERK level of expression by IHC and survival outcomes was detected.ConclusionSorafenib plus doxorubicin following progression on sorafenib did not show any improved outcome. We do not recommend further development or use of this combination in HCC.
Cholesterol‐conjugated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles as a tamoxifen tumor‐targeted delivery system
Authors: Gharbavi Mahmoud , Johari Behrooz , Eslami Seyed Sadegh , Mousazadeh Navid , Sharafi Ali 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the present study, we introduced cholesterol (CLO)‐conjugated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) as a new system for indirect targeting drug delivery. Tamoxifen, as an anticancer drug, was loaded on BSA NPs (BSA‐TAX NPs); CLO was then conjugated to the BSA‐TAX NPs surface for the targeted delivery of NPs system, by 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide/N‐hydroxy succinimide carbodiimide chemistry (CLO‐BSA‐TAX NPs). The physicochemical properties, toxicity, in vitro, and in vivo biocompatibility of the BSA NPs system were characterized on cancer cell lines (4T1). The results revealed that the BSA NPs system has a regular spherical shape and negative zeta‐potential values. The drug release of BSA NPs system has shown controlled and pH‐dependent drug release behavior. BSA NPs system was biocompatible but it was potentially toxic on the cancer cell line. The CLO‐BSA‐TAX NPs exhibited higher toxicity against cancer cell lines than other NPs formulation (BSA NPs and BSA‐TAX NPs). It can be concluded that the CLO, as an indirect targeting agent, enhances the toxicity and specificity of NPs system on cancer cell lines. It could potentially be suitable approaches to targeting the tumors in clinical cancer therapy.
Combining PARP Inhibition with Platinum, Ruthenium or Gold Complexes for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yusoh Nur Aininie , Ahmad Haslina , Gill Martin R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPlatinum drugs are heavily used first‐line chemotherapeutic agents for many solid tumours and have stimulated substantial interest in the biological activity of DNA‐binding metal complexes. These complexes generate DNA lesions which trigger the activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways that are essential to maintain genomic integrity. Cancer cells exploit this intrinsic DNA repair network to counteract many types of chemotherapies. Now, advances in the molecular biology of cancer has paved the way for the combination of DDR inhibitors such as poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) and agents that induce high levels of DNA replication stress or single‐strand break damage for synergistic cancer cell killing. In this review, we summarise early‐stage, preclinical and clinical findings exploring platinum and emerging ruthenium anti‐cancer complexes alongside PARPi in combination therapy for cancer and also describe emerging work on the ability of ruthenium and gold complexes to directly inhibit PARP activity.