bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The research and application on calculation method of design flood in small basin
Authors: Zhang Fahong , Guo Jing , Yue Qinghua , Guo Jiali 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The flood in small basin specializes in quick confluence, high peak value, hard to forecast and serious destruction effect, and once the flood disaster happens. It will put a great threat to the safety of the lives and properties of the resident alongside the river. Rational determination of design flood peak is crucial to the determination of scale, safety and benefit of the projects such as regulation of small basin, river renovation, danger eliminating and reinforcement of dangerous reservoirs and so on. Most of the small basins in China either lack gauged flood data or the catchment area of the project is quite different from the catchment area of the hydro-station, while the rainfall (metrological) data within this basin is relatively abundant. So, rational utilizing available gauged flood data to calculate the design flood of the project place whose catchment area is quite different from the hydro-station’s and utilizing available rainfall data to figure out the design flood are becoming particularly important. The rational method, (comprehensive) instantaneous unit hydrograph, hydrologic analogy, regional comprehensive method, experience formula and some other often-used methods which are often used in the flood calculation of small basin are systematically introduced in this paper. Taking Tingxi Basin in Fujian Province as an example, the above mentioned methods are applied and verified in the four places of Zaoshui hydro-station (10.5km2), Lower dam basin of Xiamen pumping storage power station (12.1km2), Wufeng hydro-station (50.1km2), and Tingxi Water Reservoir (100.8km2), the rationality of the results are analyzed, and the difference of those methods are compared in this paper. On the basis of these things, the application scope and condition of these methods are concluded, and a set of design flood calculation methods of small basin are relatively systematically summarized.
Precipitation Sequence Analysis of Representative Stations in Shandong Province from 1956 to 2016
Authors: Chen Yi , Niu Jin-Qiu , Chen Gan-Qin , Wang Jun , Cao Sheng-Le 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the monthly precipitation observation data of 17 hydrological representative stations in Shandong Province from 1956 to 2016, Moving-average method, Mann-Kendall test method, precipitation concentration degree and concentration period were used to comprehensively study the distribution characteristics of precipitation in Shandong. The results show that in terms of inter-annual changes, the annual precipitation in Shandong province shows a declining trend, and the precipitation in coastal areas is generally larger than that in inland areas. Judging from the annual distribution, the precipitation in Shandong during the flood season shows a downward trend, and the non-flood season precipitation shows an upward trend. From 1956 to 2016, the precipitation concentration degree and the precipitation concentration period in Shandong Province showed a weak decline.
Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of virtual water content of maize in China
Authors: Hou Shan , Guan Jinxin , Jin Chenhong , Wang Bo , Zhang Lijia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Research on virtual water content of crops can provide the basis for agricultural water resources management; help to improve the efficiency of agricultural water use. Maize is one of the most important food crop in China and also one of the largest water consumers, so it is important to study the virtual water content (VWC) of maize and the spatial distribution characteristics of the VWC of maize in China. In this paper, we assessed the VWC of maize in China including green, blue, grey water and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the VWC of maize of 30 regions of China. The percentages of green, blue, and grey water in the total VWC of maize in China were 47.5%, 18.9%, and 33.6%. The total VWC of maize generally showed a three-tiered distribution, and decreased from southeast to northwest. For the country as a whole the green water is the most important contributor. The percentage of grey water of maize was much larger than blue water. Blue water occupied the smallest component of the total virtual water content of maize.
Study on the Remediation of Phorate in Soil by Microbial Consortia
Authors: Yu Xiyang , Li Zheng , Gu Guizhou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to bioremediating of phorate contaminated soil by microbial consortia, three degrading bacteria in different combinations were inoculated into the phorate contaminated soil. The residual phorate and its metabolites were determined. The results showed that in 42 days the degradation rates of phorate by any two bacteria (Brevibacterium frigoritolerans +Bacillus aerophilus, Bacillus aerophilus +Pseudomonas fulva and Brevibacterium frigoritolerans +Pseudomonas fulva) were 94.09%, 97.15% and 97.42%, respectively. However the degradation rate of phorate by three bacteria was 98.31%. The microbial consortia consisted of three degrading bacteria had the lowest content of phorate sulfone and phorate sulfoxide in soil. Therefore, the microbial consortia consisted of three degrading bacteria could significantly reduce the residual phorate and its metabolites in soil.
Study and Application of Gneiss in Preparation of Graded Gravel Base Material
Authors: Zhao Xiaodong , Yu Xinjie , Tang Xiaoliang , Li Rongxu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Because a lot of abandoned tunnel slag is produced in road engineering construction and the using rate is low, based on the Shijiazhuang section of the Xifu section of the Taihang mountain highway, the lithology of abandoned tunnel slag is analyzed. Its physical and mechanical properties are evaluated by laboratory tests, and its feasibility as an aggregate of graded gravel base is demonstrated. The gradation of the crushed stone mixture is composed of fine aggregate limestone mixed with abandoned tunnel gneiss, and the related characteristics are studied. The results show that the strength of the mixture could be significantly improved by replacing the fine aggregate with limestone, and the California load ratio (CBR) value of the crushed stone mixture with 0~3 mm and 3~5 mm limestone could reach 377.2%, and the unconfined compressive strength could reach 1.2 MPa.
A Brief Introduction on the Research Status and Future Prospects on Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Fan Xiaokun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of people’s living standards, air pollution as the main environmental problem has become increasingly prominent. Promoted by economy and technology, architecture is not only to satisfy people’s living needs, but also to integrate building functions and user experience. This leads to building energy consumption increasing, which is in line with industry and transportation, becoming the world’s major energy consumers. In the tide of sustainable development and green building, energy saving, consumption reduction, green and health have become the common pursuit of architecture. However, in the process of production and construction, the formation and release of CO2 during the calcination of ordinary Portland cement raw materials has resulted in an increase in carbon emissions. Therefore, the traditional cement materials have gradually failed to meet the concept of green building because of its high pollution and energy consumption in production. With more and more stringent restrictions on pollutant emission in various countries, the environmental cost of cement production will be higher and higher. Continuously increasing environmental costs have forced major enterprises to invest a large amount of cost in energy saving and environmental protection of products. Geopolymer concrete has also developed rapidly. With the unremitting efforts of scholars at home and abroad, after nearly 40 years of development, as a new type of green building material, geopolymer concrete has undergone a transformation from metakaolin to industrial solid waste as raw materials, with low energy consumption, low carbon emissions, easy preparation, and excellent compressive and flexural strength, acid-alkali corrosion resistance, shrinkage and expansion rate, quick drying, quick hardening and durability. In contrast, it is one of the best substitutes for ordinary Portland cement-based materials. It has broad application prospects in the fields of construction, materials, military, nuclear and other fields, and has been preliminarily applied. This paper reviews the research progress of geopolymer concrete at home and abroad, summarizes the development of raw material composition, manufacturing technology, performance and application prospects, and puts forward the problems faced by geopolymer concrete technology.
Effectively degradation of trace cytostatic drug capecitabine in water using porous Ti/SnO2-Sb/Ce-PbO2 as a reactive electrochemical membrane
Authors: Xu Lei , Ma Xiao , Wu Jinhua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The electrochemical degradation kinetics of trace cytostatic drug capecitabine (CAP) at a concentration of 10 μg/L were investigated with a porous flow-through membrane anode. Electrochemical degradation of trace CAP followed the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The kinetic rate constant (k) of 0.111 min−1 was found under optimal conditions. Higher current density and Cl− concentration benefited CAP degradation. The reactive electrochemical membrane was proved to be effective for the degradation of trace CAP in water.
Ultrasonic extraction of anthraquinone from walnut green husk
Authors: Ma Dongshuo , Hao Yu , Li Xiaoyan , Zhang Wenyu , Wang Xiaoyue , Pang Meixia , Wang Fang , Qi Jinghua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Anthraquinone is the main component of walnut green husk. In order to measure the content of anthraquinone from walnut green husk, ethanol extraction with assisted 40 kHz ultrasonic and ultraviolet spectrophotometer method were used in this study. The extracting effect of anthraquinone by ultrasonic wave and its influenced factors were studied. The best extracting scheme and process parameters were discussed. The different extracting conditions for anthraquinone were studied. The results showed that the extracting rate of anthraquinone was related to ethanol concentration, ultrasonic time, extracting temperature and other factors. The effect of different factors on the extraction of anthraquinone was as follows: extracting temperature > ultrasonic time > ethanol concentration. According to experiments, the best extracting parameters were temperature (60 °C), ethanol concentration (70%), ultrasonic time (30 minutes). The anthraquinone content could reach 5.7 mg/g.
Electrochemical degradation of aqueous bisphenol A using Ti/SnO2-Sb/Ce-PbO2 anode
Authors: Xu Lei , Qian Xubin , Wu Jinhua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The electrochemical degradation kinetics and energy consumption of aqueous bisphenol A (BPA) were investigated using Ti/SnO2-Sb/Ce-PbO2 anode. The electrochemical degradation of BPA followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. Different influence factors, i.e. current density, BPA initial concentration and Na2SO4 concentration, on the degradation kinetics and energy consumption were evaluated. The optimal degradation kinetic rate and energy consumption were 0.067 min−1 and 9.96 Wh/L, respectively. Electrochemical oxidation process was effective in the degradation of aqueous BPA.
Research Progress in Treatment of VOCs by Dielectric Barrier Plasma Cooperating Catalyst
Authors: Du Zhehua , Lin Xin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an important component of air pollutants. As a new technology, low temperature plasma technology has the advantages of low cost, simple structure, and wide applicability in processing VOCs. It has attracted widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad in recent years. VOCs components in industrial flue gas are often very complex and the degree of degradation is different. Therefore, in the laboratory simulation, it is necessary to increase the components of simulated exhaust gas and develop a dielectric barrier plasma co-catalysis technology that can deal with multiple components. The removal rate of VOCs is positively related to the discharge voltage and energy density of the reactor. The higher the voltage, the higher the removal rate. But it is accompanied by the increase in the production of NOx, O3 and other byproducts. The type of medium has a great influence on the removal effect of VOCs. The cooperative catalytic removal of VOCs by dielectric barrier plasma is a complex physico-chemical process, and the current research on the reaction mechanism is incomplete.
Multi-component Gas Photoacoustic Detection
Authors: Yun Yuxin , Jiang Qiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the basic principles of photoacoustic spectrometry, this paper uses methane and acetylene as examples to conduct a research for the multi-component gas photoacoustic detection. The photoacoustic spectrometer designed in this paper has the advantages of good selectivity and large detection range, and the proposed multi-component gas photoacoustic quantification method based on least squares regression does not require cell constants and gas absorption coefficient parameters, thus avoiding errors introduced by these parameters. The method proposed in this paper provides a method reference for the engineering application of photoacoustic spectrometry.
The preparation of Fe-doped carbon aerogels from sodium alginate
Authors: Zhai Zuozhao , Ren Bin , Xu Yuelong , Wang Shasha , Zhang Lihui , Liu Zhenfa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this article, Fe-doped carbon aerogels were prepared by one-step carbonization using sodium alginate as the raw material. The composition of the materials was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that when the carbonization temperature is lower than 700 °C, iron mainly exists in the form of Fe3O4. When the carbonization temperature is higher than 700 °C, iron mainly exists in the form of Fe and CFe15.1.
Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi in walnut
Authors: Wang Xiaoyue , Li Kehang , Han Mengmeng , Zhang Wenyu , Li Xiaoyan , Ma Dongshuo , Wang Fang , Pang Meixia , Qi Jinghua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, endophytic fungi in four tissues (roots, branches, leaves, fruits) of walnuts were isolated by tissue isolation technic. Based on morphology, the isolated endophytic fungi were preliminarily identified. The results showed that 64 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from walnut tissues. The number of endophytic fungi isolated from walnut branch tissues is the largest, followed by leaf, fruit, and root tissues. Observing the morphological and mycelial changes during fungal growth and the characteristics of spore morphology under the microscope, 64 strains of endophytic fungi belonged to 17 genera, of which Alternaria sp. was the dominant microflora. For the first time, Talaromyces sp., Curvularia sp. and Eurotium sp. were isolated from walnut plants.
Determination of biogenic amines in Shanlan liquor by HPLC
Authors: Qi Ningli , Qiu Chuyuan , Li Pei , Ye Jianzhi , Chen Wuhai , Yang Chunliang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA survey of biogenic amine species and content of traditional Chinese Li Nationality Shanlan liquor was carried out. Eight major biogenic amines including histamine, cadaverine, tryptamine, putrescine, tyramine, phenylethylamine, spermidine and spermine were separated by reversed-phase HPLC-DAD on Inertsil ODS-SP column after pre-column derivatisation with dansyl chloride. The results showed the eight biogenic amines were not distributed in Shanlan liquor, and the content and type of biogenic amines in different Shanlan liquors were different. Overall, total content of biogenic amines ranging from 1.02 to 38.42 μg/g were within the safe level for human health.
Analytic studies of marine atmospheric corrosion based on multiphysics simulation
Authors: Chen Jianru , Liu Yan , Zhang Tao , Wei Meirong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Because the environment at sea is more severe than inland, the corrosion of hull and ship equipment is extremely serious. It can be said that corrosion is one of the biggest factors affecting the life of ships. The cost of anti-corrosion for ships every year is one third or more of the total maintenance cost. The Marine atmosphere corrosion simulation of Q235 carbon steel is realized by Multiphysics simulation software. Due to the high probability and hazard of electrochemical corrosion in oceanic and atmospheric environment, this paper mainly analyzes electrochemical corrosion behavior and its influencing factors, providing a theoretical basis for monitoring and reducing corrosion hazards. The results show that the corrosion rate of Q235 steel in the oceanic atmosphere is 400 to 600 μm/a, and the corrosion rate is affected by temperature, humidity, limiting current density and other factors.
Study on the adsorption of phosphate in water by La-modified cellulose
Authors: Jiang Husheng , Tang Jie , Zhang Shuyuan , Nan Ning 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this experiment, cellulose microspheres were prepared by hydration at high temperature and impregnation with lanthanum chloride solution. The surface morphology and structural characteristics of the modified biomass were analyzed by SEM, XRD and IR. In addition, the adsorption capacity of La-modified cellulose to phosphate in water at different pH and initial concentration had been studied, and the acid condition was more favourable for phosphate removal.
Research on the Mechanism of Simultaneous and Efficient Removal of Ammonia, NO3
−-N and TN in the Coking Wastewater
Authors: Dong Chunjuan , Qingye Pan , Yaquan Sun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Through the sequential-recirculation and cross-recirculation ways, the two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor system was operated to treat the actual coking wastewater. And the removal efficiencies of SCN−-N, CN−-N, NH3-N, NO3
−-N and TN in coking wastewater were investigated, and then the mechanism of simultaneous and efficient removal of NH3-N, NO3
−-N and TN in coking wastewater was also analyzed. The results showed that, using the two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor to treating actual coking wastewater, for the sequential recirculation way and the cross-recirculation way, the removal efficiencies of SCN−-N, CN−-N, NH3-N, NO3
−-N, TN were 98.0%, 91.5%, 81.3%, 30.4%, 24.5% and 97.3%, 97.0%, 92.7%, 92.0%, 70.9%, respectively. And the two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor system could achieve simultaneous and efficient removal of ammonia and TN in the coking wastewater through the cross-recirculation way. For the sequential recirculation two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor system, high SCN−-N and NO3
−-N removal of 94.2% and 90.8% was accomplished in the EGSBI, and high NH3-N removal of 89.8% could attain in the EGSBII. However, high NO3
−-N accumulation in the EGSBII also caused very low TN removal of 24.5% for the two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor system. High SCN−-N removal in the EGSBI could ensure high NH3-N removal in the EGSBII. More importantly, the EGSBI had a very strong ability to support SCN−-N shock. For the cross-recirculation two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor system, the EGSBI could keep simultaneous and efficient removal of SCN−-N, CN−-N, NH3-N, NO3
−-N and TN (93.5%, 92.4%, 84.1%, 92.0% and 73.7%). When using sequential recirculation way, thiocyanate-degrading bacteria could form competitive inhibition to ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the EGSBI, and thus, simultaneous and efficient removal of SCN−-N and NH3-N could not accomplish in the EGSBI. High concentration NO3
−-N in the EGSBI was removed mainly through denitrification. However, through the cross-recirculation way for the two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor system, the effluent recirculation of the EGSBI and/or the EGSBII were changed from simple high NH3-N to mixed recirculation of high NH3-N+high NO3
−-N and/or from high NO3
−-N to high NH3-N+high NO3
−-N, respectively. Consequently, thiocyanate-degrading bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria could keep high activity at the same time and also the effective coupling of denitrification and anammox bacteria was realized in the EGSBI and EGSBII, and which ensured the simultaneous and efficient removal of SCN−-N, NH3-N and NO3
−-N in the EGSBI and EGSBII, and finally realized the simultaneous and efficient removal of NH3-N, NO3
−-N and TN in the two-stage micro-aerobic EGSB reactor system.
Adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption model of crystal violet on modified red mud
Authors: Li Wei , Luo Shuwen , Ma Hongfei , Yi Fanghua , Li Zheng , Guo Wenmiao , Han Qiuju , Yao Xiuqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The adsorption of crystal violet on red mud modified by sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) was studied. The effect of the dosage of modified red mud on crystal violet adsorption was investigated. The results of kinetics and thermodynamics experiments showed that the adsorption of crystal violet by adsorbent fitted with the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model better. The adsorption of crystal violet on modified red mud could be described by Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the adsorption was better in accordance with Freundlich isothermal adsorption model. According to the Langmuir adsorption model, the maximum adsorption capacity of adsorbent was 38.16mg/g at 303K.
Antibacterial effect of flavonoids in castanea mollissima blume on common spoilage bacteria in low-temperature meat products
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Wu Zhumeng , Wang Xiaoyue , Li Xiaoyan , Ma Dongshuo , Wang Fang , Qi Jinghua , Pang Meixia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The oxford cup method and filter paper method were used to determine the antibacterial effect of flavonoids extracted from castanea mollissima blume, three kinds of common spoilage bacteria in low-temperature meat products were subjects to be tested, named proteus, macrococcus and bacillus. The results showed that flavonoids in castanea mollissima blume had an antibacterial effect on proteus and macrococcus. For flavonoid glycosides, the diameters of inhibition zone were 16.32 mm and 17.76 mm, and the minimum inhibitory concentration were 0.00625 g/mL and 0.0125 g/mL, respectively. The effective inhibitory time was 14 h. For free flavonoids, the maximum diameter of the inhibition zone was 7 mm, the minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.0125 g/mL. They had no antibacterial effect on bacillus. As natural bacteriostatic agents, the flavonoids in castanea mollissima blume are likely to have many important applications in meat products in the future.
Study on the adsorption of crystal violet on red mud modified by sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS)
Authors: Ma Hongfei , Wang Rong , Li Wei , Yi Fanghua , Li Zheng , Li Judi , Han Qiuju , Yao Xiuqing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, different modifiers were used to modify red mud and adsorb crystal violet. The results showed that the red mud modified by sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate had a better adsorption effect on crystal violet. The effects of adsorption time, pH value, initial concentration of crystal violet and salt ion on the adsorption of crystal violet on modified red mud were studied, respectively. 120 min was selected as the adsorption shock time. The results showed that the basic condition was more favourable to crystal violet adsorption, and the addition of salt ions was not conducive to crystal violet adsorption.