bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of biomordant in Hundihopo Village, East Rote District, Rote Ndao Regency
Authors: Bako N A , Sabuna A C , Daud Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Information of plant species, mordants, and the mordanting process of the yarn of ikat weaving in Hundihopo village are still minimal and not well documented. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify biomordant in Hundihopo Village. Samples were collected by exploration methods. Parts of plants, mordanting process, and kinds of color were recorded based on observation, interview with craftsmen and documentation. A total of 12 species were traditionally used as biomordants in Hundihopo village namely Sterculia foetida L., Erythrina varegata, Areca catechu L., Ceriops tagal, Datura metel, Calotropis gigantea, Abrus precatorius L., Symplocos sp., Jatropha curcas L., Citrus aurantifolia, beura and faliti. The plant organs used as a source of mordant are leaves, barks, fruits, and seeds. The method of processing was to be burned, crushed, boiled and soaked and the resulted color was red, black and yellow.
Central composite design based statistical modelling of curcuminoids extraction from Curcuma zedoaria using choline chloride based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES)
Authors: Rachmaniah O , Istiqomah  , Fakhrinanda  , Rachimoellah M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Ionic type of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) consisted of choline chloride and organic acids, i.e., choline chloride-malic acid (CCMA) and choline chloride-citric acid (CCCA), known as the most suitable liquefied solvent for curcuminoids extraction from Curcuma zedoaria. A laboratory-scale extraction of curcuminoids from C. zedoaria successfully conducted; indicated that solvent per feed ratio (S/F) and extraction time are the two important variables for yielding a high extraction rate of curcuminoids. Therefore, a central composite based design is used to optimize the extraction parameters such as S/F (3/10, 5/10, 7/10), time extraction (18, 20, and 22 h), and stirring speed (200, 250, and 300 rpm) at 500 mL capacity. Stirring speed is the most influential parameter among the studied parameters. However, due to the low bulk density of C. zedoaria powder, a homogenous mixture of C. zedoaria in the extraction tank was barely achieved; hence a low yield of curcuminoids is obtained.
Surface cover method to reduce evaporation rate of crude oil
Authors: Veronico  , Kristin Livia , Hartanto Yansen , Indarto Antonius 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
One of the problems that commonly found in petroleum industry is related to the evaporation of crude oil during storage. Hence the purpose of this study is to find lower-cost method to reduce crude oil evaporation. The method has the same principle as floating roof tank, but instead of surface covered by metal, low-density chemical substances, i.e., polyurethane foam and ethylene vinyl acetate foam (EVA mat), was used to cover the surface of crude oil. In comparison with EVA mat, polyurethane foam gave lower percentage of reduced crude oil evaporation. Increasing the thickness of the additive to 3 cm was found to be the best parameter to reduce the evaporation of crude oil. At temperatures of 40, 45, and 50°C, 3 cm thickness of polyurethane foam was able to reduce the evaporation of crude oil by 81.6 - 91.7%, 75.9 - 87.3%, and 74.2% - 86.6%, respectively. At temperatures of 40, 45, and 50°C, 3 cm thickness of EVA mat can reduce the evaporation of crude oil by 68.6 - 78.1%, 56.8 - 60.9%, and 42.4 - 49.6%, respectively.
Quality of eggs from fermented dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) flour fed Isa Brown
Authors: Dewi Gusti Ayu Mayani Kristina , Wirapartha Made , Wiyana I K. A. , Suartiningsih N.P. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to study the quality of eggs coming from Isa Brown chickens nourished with fermented dragon fruit peel (Hylozereus polyrhizus) dietary for 4 weeks. The experimental design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments for 5 replications in which each consisted of 10 chickens; so that the total number of chickens was 150 heads aged 85 weeks. The given treatments were R0: feed without fermented dragon fruit peel flour +1% Calcium. Calcium in their diet. Variable observed: egg production, egg weight, exterior and interior eggshell weight, egg thickness, HU. The results showed that treatment of R0, R1, and R2 are not significantly different (P>0.05) for yolk colors, pH, Index but % egg production, egg weight, HU, egg thickness R1 and R2 is significantly different (P>0.05) than R0. Conclude this research that quality of egg Isa Brown gave ration fermentation four skin dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) 5% (R1) and with fermentation dragon fruit peel flour + 1% Calcium (R2) increase the egg production, egg weight, HU, egg thickness.
Kapok fibre as potential oil-absorbing material: Modification mechanism and performance evaluation
Authors: Lugito Graecia , Kustiana Arip , Martuani Reyhant , Wenten I G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Kapok fibre has gained considerable attention as a potential oil-absorbing material due to its lipophilicity, hydrophobicity, and configuration of its central lumen which is the key component of its high oil absorption capacity. However, the weak structural integrity of the fibre greatly retards its application. This study aims to develop a reinforcement method for kapok (Ceiba pentandra) fibre to enhance its reusability and oil recovery. Oil-sorption capacities of several modified kapok fibres have been evaluated to resolve the oil-polluted water issues. Oxidation using sodium chlorite (NaClO2) followed by sol-gel coating with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and sponge formation via freeze-drying method successfully enhance the structural integrity of the fibre without significantly reduce its hydrophobicity. Further coating the sponge with dodecyltrimethoxysilane (DTMS) using the chemical vapor disposition method results in superhydrophobic fibre. The best performance achieves an oil-sorption capacity of 48.6 g-oil/g-fibre and can maintain 62.6% of its oil-sorption capacity even after ten reuse cycles.
Secondary metabolites of some varieties of Caulerpa species
Authors: Kase Alfred G.O. , Calumpong Hilconida , Rupidara Angreini 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Several species of Caulerpa have been investigated and bioactive principles, such as caulerpin and caulerpicine have been isolated from a number of them. Caulerpin produces mild anesthetic action, difficulty in breathing, sedation, and loss of balance. The toxic syndrome has been reported to be somewhat similar to that produced by ciguatera fish poisoning. The neurotrophic activity of caulerpicine is thought to be of clinical value. Tropical green algae and a few of their temperate relatives have yielded a number of bioactive metabolites and some of these are believed to be used by the algae as a chemical defense against herbivorous animals. This research was aimed to determine the secondary metabolites compound of some varieties of Caulerpa species. Chromatography and Spectrophotometric methods were used to conduct this research. The result shows that Caulerpin and caulerpicin presence on five species of Caulerpa species Caulerpa racemosa Siquijor, Caulerpa lentillifera wild and farm from Mactan, Caulerpa clavifera Mactan and Caulerpa lentillifera cultured in the common garden. Higher absorbance of both compounds caulerpin and caulerpicin found in wild Caulerpa lentillifera from Mactan while the lowest absorbance of caulerpin found in Caulerpa racemosa collected from Siquijor, whereas the lowest absorbance of caulerpicin found in the cultured Caulerpa lentillifera in the common garden.
Innovative utilization of waste chocolate condensate as cocoa powder
Authors: Handojo Lienda , Witono Judy Retti B. , Sulaiman Irene Natasya , Sardenianto  , Indarto Antonius 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The chocolate condensate, a side product of the roasting process in chocolate production, contains mostly volatiles and liquid chemical compounds similar to the cocoa beans. Currently, it is only considered as waste, although some valuable chemicals could be obtained by extraction. This study purposes of extracting valuables chemicals, such as pyrazine that has a strong aroma to chocolate, from chocolate condensate using three different solvents, i.e., n-hexane, toluene, and ethanol. Later, cocoa powder production from chocolate condensate was developed comparing two different drying methods (spray dryer and tray dryer) and analyzed using FTNIR, FTIR, and GC-MS.
Conceptual design on the integrated CO2 mineralization process with a sugar plant
Authors: Murnandari A. , Victor P. , Sitompul J.P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sustainable development goals have set challenges to be achieved in the next ten years. All the stakeholders, including industries, have been forced to take serious action in preserving the environment. Therefore, recycle of waste into energy and valuable chemicals has become attention in industries throughout the world. This paper focused on the integrated-waste utilization in a sugar industry by capturing the CO2 from the boiler and absorbing it into the mineral solution extracted from filter cake (mud) for producing mineral carbonates with the capacity of 3000 tonnes sugarcane per day. The mud first undergoes the extraction using Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl) to extract the minerals. The alkali extracted from the mud then will be converted into Calcium Carbonate and Magnesium Carbonate via mineralization. Simulation using Aspen® plus was carried out using stoichiometric (RStoic
) and yield (RYield
) reactor block to find out the heat duty, the thermodynamic feasibility, and the yield distribution. CaCO3 was produced from both methods with the yield of RStoic
and RYield
0.718 and 0.676 mol CaCO3/mol CaO, respectively. Based on the capacity of 3000 tonnes sugarcane per day, the process could produce the desired CaCO3, approximately 210 kg/hr. The CO2 to mineralize 1 tonne of filter cake was 74.2 kg CO2, while the heat duty is 76.3 kWh for 2.8 tonnes filter cake/hr. The conceptual design is thermodynamically favorable and would be potential to be applied in sugar mills.
FeCl3 coagulant production from waste pickle liquor using electrolysis
Authors: Adhi T P , Raksajati A , Nugroho A A , Sitanggang P Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pickling is a typical method used in a cold milling plant to remove impurities from hot rolled coil by immersing the coil in strong acidic solution. The spent acidic solution or waste pickle liquor (WPL) requires certain waste treatment before it can be disposed to environment because of its metallic ion and acid content. WPL contains a number of metallic ions that can be utilized as ferric chloride coagulant. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the kinetics of Fe2+ oxidation into FeCl3 and the performance of the ferric chloride coagulant using the proposed electrolysis configuration. The electrolysis process was conducted in ambient condition with voltage 3 & 6 V, electrolysis time of 120 minutes, and addition of excess NaCl or HCl. The result shows that metal impurities in WPL and excess chlorine do not significantly affect the Fe2+ conversion. It can also be concluded that the optimum condition for electrolysis is using 6V of voltage, 90 minutes of electrolysis time, and excess chlorine at 0% stoichiometry which gave 60% conversion of Fe2+ in WPL. Due to the equilibrium between the Fe2+ dan Fe3+ which is formed during electrolysis process, the full conversion of Fe2+ is not possible yet, and the maximum conversion of Fe2+ is 60%. The presence of impurities in WPL is proven not affecting the Fe2+ conversion during the electrolysis process.
Cooperation of future automated machinery specialists in informational context as a means of communication during vocational training process
Authors: Saigushev N Y , Vedeneeva O A , Melekhova Yu B , Tsaran A A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article proves the significance of the issue of academic interaction and cybersecurity in information society. Subject-to-subject relations are examined as a form of relationship humanization when using computer technologies during the vocational training of future automated machinery specialists, which results in their personal advancement and transformation. It is necessary to take into account that in the context of social development over the last years we all witness the aggravating problem with the security of computers, mobile phones and other different devices representing items that are most often subjected to the attack. In order to resist the new kind of attacks effectively every member of information society must possess a certain minimum level of knowledge, be familiar with the respective “cybersecurity culture” and willing to participate in the active struggle for the freedom of information and communication technologies from various cyber fraudsters, criminals, etc.
Preparation and characterization of N-doped TiO2/C composite
Authors: Leng Senlin , Ran Yaozong , Yang Yingchang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this work, the N-doped TiO2/C composite is successfully prepared using electrospinning technique. TEM, XPS and Raman techniques are used to characterize the morphologies and microstructure of the as-fabricated composite, confirming that the incorporation of N into TiO2/C can not only reduce the d-spacing of TiO2 nanocrystals, but also can transform it into another TiO2 crystal form. Furthermore, amorphous carbon in this composite can be transferred to graphite under the effect of TiO2 during calcination processes. The N-doped TiO2/C sample with variable pore sizes exhibit the largest specific surface area, and the crystal forms of TiO2 are close related to the value of specific surface area and the pore sizes.
𝜔-categorical structures avoiding height 1 identities
Authors: Bodirsky Manuel , Mottet Antoine , Olšák Miroslav , Opršal Jakub , Pinsker Michael , Willard Ross 
Published: May 2020

The algebraic dichotomy conjecture for Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) of reducts of (infinite) finitely bounded homogeneous structures states that such CSPs are polynomial-time tractable if the model-complete core of the template has a pseudo-Siggers polymorphism, and is NP-complete otherwise.

One of the important questions related to the dichotomy conjecture is whether, similarly to the case of finite structures, the condition of having a pseudo-Siggers polymorphism can be replaced by the condition of having polymorphisms satisfying a fixed set of identities of height 1, i.e., identities which do not contain any nesting of functional symbols. We provide a negative answer to this question by constructing for each nontrivial set of height 1 identities a structure within the range of the conjecture whose polymorphisms do not satisfy these identities, but whose CSP is tractable nevertheless.

An equivalent formulation of the dichotomy conjecture characterizes tractability of the CSP via the local satisfaction of nontrivial height 1 identities by polymorphisms of the structure. We show that local satisfaction and global satisfaction of nontrivial height 1 identities differ for

ω
\omega

-categorical structures with less than doubly exponential orbit growth, thereby resolving one of the main open problems in the algebraic theory of such structures.
Convalescent plasma transfusion a promising therapy for coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19): current updates
Authors: Verma Henu Kumar , Farran Batoul , Bhaskar Lakkakula V K S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
While there is no proven treatment available for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), convalescent plasma (CP) may provide therapeutic relief as the number of cases escalate steeply world-wide. At the time of writing this review, vaccines, monoclonal antibodies or drugs are still lacking for the recent large COVID-19 outbreak, which restores the interest in CP as an empirical life-saving treatment. However, formal proof of efficacy is needed. The purpose of this review is to summarize all historical clinical trials on COVID-19 infected patients treated with CP to provide precise evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of CP therapy in severe COVID-19 patients. Although there are many clinical trials in progress, high-quality clinical evidence is still lacking to analyze the existing problems. Meanwhile, based on the previous successful outcomes, we recommend healthcare systems to use CP therapy cautiously in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Models to Assess the Association of a Semiquantitative Exposure With Outcomes
Authors: Lachin John M , Bebu Ionut , Braffett Barbara 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A semiquantitative risk factor has 2 components: any exposure (yes/no) and the quantitative amount of exposure (if exposed). We describe the statistical properties of alternative analyses with such a risk factor using linear, logistic, or Cox proportional hazards models. Often analyses employ the amount exposed as a single quantitative covariate, including the nonexposed with value zero. However, this analysis provides a biased estimate of the exposure coefficient (slope) and we describe the magnitude of the bias. This bias can be eliminated by adding a binary covariate for exposed versus not to the model. This 2-factor analysis captures the full risk-factor effect on the outcome. However, the coefficient for any exposure versus not does not have a meaningful interpretation. Alternatively, when exposure values among those exposed are centered (by subtracting the mean), the estimate of this coefficient represents the difference in the outcome between those exposed versus not in aggregate. We also show that the biased model provides biased estimates of the coefficients for other covariates added to the model. Proper analysis of a semiquantitative risk factor should start with a 2-factor model, with centering, to assess the joint contributions of the 2 components of the risk-factor exposure. Properties of models were illustrated using data from a multisite study in North America (1983–2019).
A Prospective Cohort Study to Evaluate the Impact of Diet, Exercise, and Lifestyle on Fertility: Design and Baseline Characteristics
Authors: Mumford Sunni L , Johnstone Erica , Kim Keewan , Ahmad Mudsar , Salmon Shanna , Summers Karen , Chaney Kayla , Ryan Ginny , Hotaling James M , Purdue-Smithe Alexandra C , Chen Zhen , Clemons Traci 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Diet, lifestyle, and psychosocial factors might influence fertility for men and women, although evidence is mixed, and couple-based approaches are needed for assessing associations with reproductive outcomes. The Impact of Diet, Exercise, and Lifestyle (IDEAL) on Fertility Study is a prospective cohort with contemporaneous detailed follow-up of female partners of men enrolled in the Folic Acid and Zinc Supplementation Trial studying couples seeking infertility treatment (2016–2019). Follow-up of men continued for 6 months, while female partners were followed for 9 months while attempting pregnancy and throughout any resulting pregnancy (up to 18 months). Longitudinal data on diet, physical activity (including measurement via wearable device), sleep, and stress were captured at multiple study visits during this follow-up. A subset of women (IDEALplus) also completed daily journals and a body fat assessment via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. IDEAL enrolled 920 women, and IDEALPlus enrolled 218. We demonstrated the ability to enroll women in a prospective cohort study contemporaneous to a partner-enrolled randomized trial. In combination with data collected on male partners, IDEAL data facilitates a couple-based approach to understanding associations between lifestyle factors and infertility treatment outcomes. We describe in detail the study design, recruitment, data collection, lessons learned, and baseline characteristics.
Progressive Memory Circuit Impairments along with Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathology Spread: Evidence from in vivo Neuroimaging
Authors: Li Kaicheng , Wang Shuyue , Luo Xiao , Zeng Qingze , Jiaerken Yerfan , Xu Xiaopei , Wang Chao , Liu Xiaocao , Li Zheyu , Zhao Shuai , Zhang Tianyi , Fu Yanv , Chen Yanxing , Liu Zhirong , Zhou Jiong , Huang Peiyu , Zhang Minming 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
During the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), neuropathology may propagate transneuronally, cause disruption in memory circuit, and lead to memory impairment. However, there is a lack of in vivo evidence regarding this process. Thus, we aim to simulate and observe the progression of neuropathology in AD continuum. We included cognitively normal (CN), mild cognitive impairments (MCI), and AD subjects, and further classified them using the A/T/N scheme (Group 0: CN, A − T−; Group 1: CN, A + T−; Group 2: CN, A + T+; Group 3: MCI, A + T+; Group 4: AD, A + T+). We investigated alterations of three core memory circuit structures: hippocampus (HP) subfields volume, cingulum-angular bundles (CAB) fiber integrity, and precuneus cortex volume. HP subfields volume showed the trend of initially increased and then decreased (starting from Group 2), while precuneus volume decreased in Groups 3 and 4. The CAB integrity degenerated in Groups 3 and 4 and aggravated with higher disease stages. Further, memory circuit impairments were correlated with neuropathology biomarkers and memory performance. Conclusively, our results demonstrated a pattern of memory circuit impairments along with AD progression: starting from the HP, then propagating to the downstream projection fiber tract and cortex. These findings support the tau propagation theory to some extent.
The Gnosis of Toni Morrison: Morrison’s Conversation with Herman Melville, with a Nod to Umberto Eco
Authors: Tally Justine 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLong before Toni Morrison was extensively recognized as a serious contender in the “Global Market of Intellectuals,” she was obviously reading and absorbing challenging critical work that was considered “provocative and controversial” by the keepers of the US academic community at the time. While no one disputes the influence of Elaine Pagels’ work on Gnosticism at the University of Princeton, particularly its importance for Jazz and Paradise, the second and third novels of the Morrison trilogy, Gnosticism in Beloved has not been so carefully considered. Yet this keen interest in Gnosticism coupled with the author’s systematic study of authors from the mid-19th-century American Renaissance inevitably led her to deal with the fascination of Renaissance authors with Egypt (where the Nag Hammadi manuscripts were rediscovered), its ancient civilization, and its mythology. The extensive analysis of a leading French literary critic of Herman Melville, Prof. Viola Sachs, becomes the inspiration for a startlingly different reading of Morrison’s seminal novel, one that positions this author in a direct dialogue with the premises of Melville’s masterpiece, Moby-Dick, also drawing on the importance of Gnosticism for Umberto Eco’s 1980 international best-seller, The Name of the Rose.
Tariffs and industrialization in late nineteenth century America: the role of scale economies
Authors: Yoon Yeo Joon 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
I construct a general equilibrium model with economies of scale and learning-by-doing in manufacturing to quantify the effects of tariff that the US imposed on its manufacturing imports from 1870 to 1913. I find that the tariff positively contributes to US manufacturing growth, but the magnitudes are small. I also show that the cumulative welfare effect of the tariff is positive if there exists enough degree of learning-by-doing, a result contrary to the conventional wisdom that tariffs have welfare-deteriorating effects. The welfare-enhancing effect of the tariff disappears when I use a similarly constructed model, but with constant returns to scale in manufacturing. The result suggests that the assumption about technology is important for the welfare implication of the tariff.