bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between CT and RT-PCR in a cohort of symptomatic patients with suspected COVID-19 pneumonia during the outbreak peak in Italy
Authors: Besutti Giulia , Rossi Paolo Giorgi , Iotti Valentina , Spaggiari Lucia , Bonacini Riccardo , Nitrosi Andrea , Ottone Marta , Bonelli Efrem , Fasano Tommaso , Canovi Simone , Colla Rossana , Massari Marco , Lattuada Ivana , Trabucco Laura , Pattacini Pierpaolo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To assess sensitivity and specificity of CT vs RT-PCR for the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia in a prospective Italian cohort of symptomatic patients during the outbreak peak.Methods: In this cross-sectional study we included all consecutive patients who presented to the ER between March 13th and 23rd for suspected COVID-19 and underwent both CT and RT-PCR within 3 days. Using a structured report, radiologists prospectively classified CTs in highly suggestive, suggestive, and non-suggestive of COVID-19 pneumonia. Ground-glass, consolidation, and visual extension of parenchymal changes were collected. Three different RT-PCR-based reference standard definitions were used. Oxygen saturation level, CRP, LDH, and blood cell counts were collected and compared between CT/RT-PCR classes.Results: The study included 696 patients (41.4% women; age 59±15.8 years): 423/454 (93%) patients with highly suggestive CT, 97/127 (76%) with suggestive CT, and 31/115 (27%) with non-suggestive CT had positive RT-PCR. CT sensitivity ranged from 73% to 77% and from 90% to 94% for high and low positivity threshold, respectively. Specificity ranged from 79% to 84% for high positivity threshold and was about 58% for low positivity threshold. PPV remained ≥90% in all cases. Ground-glass was more frequent in patients with positive RT-PCR in all CT classes. Blood tests were significantly associated with RT-PCR and CT classes. Leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and platelets decreased, CRP and LDH increased from non-suggestive to suggestive CT classes.Conclusions: During the outbreak peak, CT presented high PPV and may be considered a good reference to recognize COVID-19 patients while waiting for RT-PCR confirmation.
Design characteristics of perforated pooled circular stepped cascade (PPCSC) aeration system
Authors: Roy Subha M. , Moulick Sanjib , Mukherjee Chanchal Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the present study, an improvised design over circular stepped cascade (CSC) and pooled circular stepped cascade (PCSC) aerator, named the perforated pooled circular stepped cascade (PPCSC) aerator, has been conceptualized and tested for its suitability as an aerator for small intensive aquaculture ponds. Based on dimensional analysis, dimensionless geometric parameters – ratio of width of consecutive steps (Wi/Wi+1) and ratio of perforation diameter to bottom-most radius (d/Rb) and dimensionless dynamic parameters – Froude (Fr) and Reynolds (Re) number were proposed. Initially, aeration experiments were conducted to optimize the geometric parameters, keeping the dynamic parameters constant. Keeping the optimized values of Wi/Wi+1 = 1.05 and d/Rb = 0.0027 as constants, aeration experiments were further conducted at different discharges (Q) and different bottommost radius (Rb) to study the characteristics of oxygen transfer and power consumption of PPCSC aerator at different dynamic conditions. Based on the optimized results, four prototype PPCSC aerators with Rb = 0.75 m, 0.90 m, 1.05 m and 1.20 m were fabricated for their aeration performances. The results showed that the standard aeration efficiency (SAE) values of the prototype PPCSC aerators based on brake power ranged between 3.36 and 4.98 kg O2/kWh, with the average being 4.45 ± 0.741 kg O2/kWh. This shows that the SAE of the PPCSC aerator is many more folds higher than that of the other available cascade aerators, viz., PCSC (SAE: 2.873 ± 0.342 kg O2/kWh) and CSC (2.470 ± 0.256 kg O2/kWh) aerators. The study clearly indicates that this PPCSC aerator may very well be used as pre-aeration or post-aeration units in water or wastewater treatment plants and small-scale intensive aquacultural ponds, replacing the other existing aerators.
Plany rozbudowy dawnej warszawskiej rezydencji króla Zygmunta Augusta około roku 1600
Authors: Bania Zbigniew 
Published: May 2020

Przechowywany w zbiorze rysunków architektonicznych Tylmana z Gameren projekt A.Miłobędzki z interpretuje jako projekt skrzydła zachodniego Zamku Warszawskiego. Autor artykułu sugeruje, że projekt ukazuje północne skrzydło Zamku, zryzalitowane na narożach, otwierające się ku kolegiacie św. Jana i miastu wieloarkadową filarową kolumnadą.

Preserved project in the collection of architectural designs in Archiv of Tylamn Gameren (Warsaw University, Cabinet of Designs) A. Miłobędzki interpreted as a project of west wing of Warsaw Castle made in beginning of 17th century. I suppose that this project show us a north wing of Warsaw Castle, with cornrpavillons and vaste pillar collonade looking at collegiate church St. John and Old Town of Warsaw.
Kłopotliwa klasyka
Authors: Chrudzimska-Uhera Katarzyna 
Published: May 2020

Recenzja wystawy zorganizowanej w pięćdziesiątą rocznicę śmierci rzeźbiarza Jana Szczepkowskiego (1878-1964) w Muzeum Rzeźby Współczesnej w Orońsku (28 czerwca – 21 września 2014 r.)
Troubelsome classics
Review of the Jan Szczepkowski’s exhibition in the Contemporary Sculpture Museum in Orońsko (28th of June – 21st of September 2014) on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of sculptor’s death.
Diabetes-specific Modulation of Peripheral Blood Gene Expression Signatures in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Molnár Zsuzsanna , Bánlaki Zsófia , Somogyi Anikó , Herold Zoltán , Herold Magdolna , Guttman András , Rónai Zsolt , Keszler Gergely 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are both
known to modulate gene expression patterns in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs).

Objective :
As T2DM has been shown to increase the incidence of CRC, we were
prompted to check whether diabetes affects mRNA signatures in PBLs isolated from
CRC patients.

Methods :
Twenty-two patients were recruited to the study and classified into four
cohorts (healthy controls; T2DM; CRC; CRC and T2DM). Relative expression levels of
573 cell signaling gene transcripts were determined by reverse transcription real-time
PCR assays run on low-density OpenArray platforms. Enrichment analysis was
performed with the g:GOSt profiling tool to order differentially expressed genes into
functional pathways.

Results :
49 genes were found to be significantly up- or downregulated in tumorous
diabetic individuals as compared to tumor-free diabetic controls, while 11 transcripts
were differentially regulated in patients with CRC versus healthy, tumor-free and nondiabetic
controls. Importantly, these gene sets were completely distinct, implying that
diabetes exerts a profound influence on the transcription of signaling genes in CRC. The
top 5 genes showing the most significant expression differences in both contexts were
PCK2, MAPK9, CCND1, HMBS, TLR3 (p≤0.0040) and CREBBP, PPIA, NFKBIL1,
MDM2 and SELPLG (p≤0.0121), respectively. Functional analysis revealed that most
significantly affected pathways were cytokine, interleukin and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling
cascades as well as mitotic regulation.

Conclusions :
We propose that differentially expressed genes listed above might be
potential biomarkers of CRC and should be studied further on larger patient groups.
Diabetes might promote colorectal carcinogenesis by impairing signaling pathways in
PBLs.
Paclitaxel Nanoparticles Induce Apoptosis and Regulate TXR1, CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 in Breast Cancer and Hepatoma Cells
Authors: Diab Thoria , Alkafaas Samar S. , Shalaby Thanaa I. , Hessien Mohamed 
Published: May 2020

Background and Objective:
Although the anticancer potentials of water-insoluble drugs are
improved by nanoformulation, other intervening factors may contribute in the drug efficacy. This work was
designated to explore the effect of paclitaxel-loaded Poly(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles on the
viability of cancer cells, the expression of Taxol Resistance gene I (TXR1) and paclitaxel metabolizing genes.

Methods:
Paclitaxel loaded PLGA Nanoparticles (PTX-NPs) were prepared, physically characterized and used
in the treatment of breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and hepatoma cells (HepG2). Cells viability and apoptosis
were investigated. In parallel, RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed and used to monitor the expression
levels of TXR1, CYP 3A4 and CYP2C8 genes.

Results:
PTX-NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy to be of a nano-size sphere-like
shape. FTIR analysis revealed good coupling between PTX and PLGA. The encapsulation efficiency was 99%
and the drug release demonstrated a progressive releasing phase followed by slower and sustained releasing
phases. Although HepG2 cells demonstrated more resistance to PTX than MCF-7 cells, both cell types were
more responsive to PTX-NPS compared to PTX. The IC50 values decreased from 19.3 to 6.7 in breast cancer cells
and from 42.5 to 13.1μg/ml in hepatoma cells. The apoptosis was the key mechanism in both cells, where at
least 44% of cells underwent apoptosis. The expression of TXR1 decreased when either cells were treated with
PTX-NPs, respectively, meanwhile the expressions of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 were increased.

Conclusion:
Taken together, this in vitro study reports the associations between the enhanced responsiveness of
MCF-7 and HepG2 cells to PLGA-loaded paclitaxel nanoparticles and the accompanying decrease in the cells
resistance to the PTX and its enhanced metabolism.
‘Een indrukwekkende stapel documenten.’ Over de moeizame institutionele ontwikkeling van het filmproductiebeleid in Vlaanderen (1964-1981)
Authors: Willems Gertjan 
Published: May 2020

Dit artikel bouwt verder op een vorig in WT verschenen artikel over de voorgeschiedenis (vanaf 1945) en de totstandkoming van het Koninklijk Besluit van 14 november 1964 tot bevordering van de Nederlandstalige filmcultuur, wat de start van de systematische en selectieve cultureel gemotiveerde filmproductiesteun in Vlaanderen inluidde. Dit vervolgartikel handelt over de institutionele ontwikkeling van het filmproductiebeleid in Vlaanderen vanaf 1964 tot 1981, toen Karel Poma (PVV) de onafgebroken opeenvolging van CVP-ministers van Cultuur doorbrak. Na een schets van de algemene budgettaire en ministeriële beleidscontext, gaat het artikel in op de veelvuldige kritieken op het filmproductiebeleid in de betreffende periode. Als antwoord op deze kritiek ontstonden er diverse initiatieven om het KB van 1964 structureel te hernieuwen. Dit artikel duidt de redenen waarom deze pogingen telkens mislukten en gaat tegelijk dieper in op hoe deze initiatieven zich verhielden tot het Vlaamse streven naar culturele autonomie en het communautaire gegeven.__________
‘An impressive stack of documents.’ On the difficult institutional development of the film production policy in Flanders (1964-1981)This article builds further on an article that appeared previously in WT about the events leading up to (from 1945), and the realization of, the Royal Decree of 14 November 1964 for the development of Dutch-language film culture, which led to the beginning of the systematic and selective culturally-motivated support of film production in Flanders. This follow-up article covers the institutional development of the film production policy in Flanders from 1964 to 1981, when Karel Poma of the PVV (the Flemish Liberals) broke through the uninterrupted succession of Ministers of Culture from the CVP (the Flemish Catholic Party). After a sketch of the general budgetary and ministerial policy context, the article looks at the multiple criticisms of film production policy during this period. In response to this criticism came several diverse initiatives to structurally renew the Royal Decree of 1964. This article points out the reasons why these attempts repeatedly failed and at the same time looks at how these initiatives related to the Flemish struggle for cultural autonomy and the communitarian situation.
Het oorlogsjaar 1917, de IJzersymbolen en de relativiteit van de IJzermythes
Authors: Verdoodt Frans-Jos 
Published: May 2020

Oorlogsjaren zijn op zichzelf erg belangrijk, maar het oorlogsjaar 1917 was dat in het bijzonder, zowel internationaal als vanuit Vlaams perspectief. Voor de Vlaamsgezinden aan het front betekende 1917 een scharnierjaar: tegen de achtergrond van de eindeloos aanslepende stellingenoorlog enerzijds en de Vlaamsgezinde agitatie van activisme en frontisme anderzijds, werd het oorlogsoffer van een aantal Vlaamsgezinde soldaten nadrukkelijk een sterven-voor-Vlaanderen. Hun offerbereidheid voedde de hoop dat het politieke initiatief na de oorlog in de handen van de Vlaamsgezinden zou komen. Maar tegelijk groeide het gevoel van verlatenheid ten opzichte van de hoogste kerkelijke en politieke overheden, in de eerste plaats tegenover kardinaal Mercier en koning Albert, op wie men vruchteloos beroep had gedaan om de Vlaamsgezinde aspiraties in te wil-ligen. De aura van het sterven-voor-Vlaanderen ontwikkelde zich vooral rondom een aantal gesneuvelde Vlaamsgezinden: deze IJzer-helden werden IJzersymbolen. Onder hen verwierven vooral de (in 1917 gesneuvelde) gebroeders Edward en Frans Van Raemdonck en Renaat De Rudder een iconische en ten dele mythische betekenis.__________
The War Year 1917, the Symbols of the Yser and the Relativity of the Yser Myths
Years of war are very important on their own, but the year 1917 was unusually so, in an international as well as Flemish perspective. For Flemish-minded individuals on the front, 1917 was a turning point: against the background of the endlessly persistent war of position on the one hand, and the Flemish-minded agitation of Activism and the Front Movement on the other, the wartime sacrifice of a number of Flemish casualties was emphatically one of ‘dying for Flanders’. Their willingness to sacrifice fed the hope that the political initiative would come into the hands of the Flemish-minded after the war. But at the same time, a sense of abandonment grew regarding the highest ecclesiastical and political authorities, in the first place Cardinal Mercier and King Albert, to whom a fruitless appeal had been made to accede to Flemish demands. The aura of ‘dying for Flanders’ developed largely around a number of fallen Flemish-minded soldiers: these ‘Yser heroes’ became ‘Yser symbols’. Among these, the brothers Edward and Frans Van Raemdonck and Renaat De Rudder, who all died in 1917, developed a particularly iconic and partly mythical significance.
't Volk is voogd en meester moede
Authors: Van Cauwelaert Rik 
Published: May 2020

Tot hij in april 1916 in de buurt van Diks-muide gewond raakte, was de dichter August Van Cauwelaert als broer van de politicus Frans Van Cauwelaert de man die soldatenklachten aanhoorde en die de spanningen tussen Franstalige bevelhebbers en de Vlaamse manschappen registreerde. Maar door de informatie die hem tijdens zijn her-stel in het Zuid-Franse Cannes bereikte, stond Gust Van Cauwelaert gaandeweg dichter bij de Frontbeweging dan zijn broer Frans. Dat blijkt uit een drietal hekeldichten die hij tijdens en na de oorlog schreef aan het adres van de Belgisch regering in Le Havre en aan koning Albert.Gust achtte zijn broer te goedgelovig in zijn contacten met de Belgische regering en met koning Albert. Meermaals waarschuwde hij Frans dat hij op het punt stond zijn prestige te verspelen. Eind december 1916 schreef hij hem: “Het feit dat gij geloofd hebt in de beloften die van hogerhand gedaan werden aangaande onze zaak, en dat vertrouwen hebt meegedeeld, heeft u kwaad gedaan, geloof me”.De verdeeldheid binnen de Vlaamse beweging die Gust had voorspeld was een feit toen hij in augustus 1919 werd gedemobiliseerd.__________
‘Volk is voogd en meester moede
Until he was wounded in the vicinity of Diksmuide in April 1916, the poet August Van Cauwelaert, as the brother of the politician Frans Van Cauwelaert, was the man who listened to soldiers’ complaints and who kept a record of tensions between French-speaking commanders and Flemish enlisted men. But, due to the information that reached him during his recuperation in Cannes in the South of France, Gust Van Cauwelaert gradually moved closer to the Front Movement than his brother Frans. This can be seen in three satirical pieces that he wrote during and after the war, directed at the Belgian government in Le Havre and to King Albert.Gust considered his brother to be too credulous in his contacts with the Belgian government and King Albert. On several occasions he warned Frans that he was about to forfeit his prestige. In the end of December 1916 he wrote to him: “The fact that you have believed in the promises that were made from on high regarding our cause, and that you have made that confidence known out loud, has done you harm, believe me.”The division among the Flemish Movement that Gust had predicted was a fact by the time he was demobilized in August 1919.
Evaluating the Quality of Health-Related WeChat Public Accounts: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Fuzhi , Wang Zhuoxin , Sun Weiwei , Yang Xiumu , Bian Zhiwei , Shen Lining , Pan Wei , Liu Peng , Chen Xingzhi , Fu Lianguo , Zhang Fan , Luo Dan 
Published: May 2020

Background
As representatives of health information communication platforms accessed through mobile phones and mobile terminals, health-related WeChat public accounts (HWPAs) have a large consumer base in the Chinese-speaking world. However, there is still a lack of general understanding of the status quo of HWPAs and the quality of the articles they release.

Objective
The aims of this study were to assess the conformity of HWPAs to the Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HONcode) and to evaluate the suitability of articles disseminated by HWPAs.

Methods
The survey was conducted from April 23 to May 5, 2019. Based on the monthly (March 1-31, 2019) WeChat Index provided by Qingbo Big Data, the top 100 HWPAs were examined to evaluate their HONcode compliance. The first four articles published by each HWPA on the survey dates were selected as samples to evaluate their suitability. All materials were assessed by three raters. The materials were assessed using the HONcode checklist and the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) score sheet. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 17.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) and Excel version 2013 (Microsoft Inc, Washington DC, USA).

Results
A total of 93 HWPAs and 210 of their released articles were included in this study. For six of the eight principles, the 93 HWPAs nearly consistently did not meet the requirements of the HONcode. The HWPAs certified by Tencent Corporation (66/93, 71%) were generally slightly superior to those without such certification (27/93, 29%) in terms of compliance with HONcode principles. The mean SAM score for the 210 articles was 67.72 (SD 10.930), which indicated “adequate” suitability. There was no significant difference between the SAM scores of the articles published by certified and uncertified HWPAs (P=.07), except in the literacy requirements dimension (tdf=97=–2.418, P=.02).

Conclusions
The HWPAs had low HONcode conformity. Although the suitability of health information released by HWPAs was at a moderate level, there were still problems identified, such as difficulty in tracing information sources, excessive implicit advertisements, and irregular usage of charts. In addition, the low approval requirements of HWPAs were not conducive to improvement of their service quality.
Physicians’ Perceptions of the Use of a Chatbot for Information Seeking: Qualitative Study
Authors: Koman Jason , Fauvelle Khristina , Schuck Stéphane , Texier Nathalie , Mebarki Adel 
Published: May 2020

Background
Seeking medical information can be an issue for physicians. In the specific context of medical practice, chatbots are hypothesized to present additional value for providing information quickly, particularly as far as drug risk minimization measures are concerned.

Objective
This qualitative study aimed to elicit physicians’ perceptions of a pilot version of a chatbot used in the context of drug information and risk minimization measures.

Methods
General practitioners and specialists were recruited across France to participate in individual semistructured interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a horizontal thematic analysis approach.

Results
Eight general practitioners and 2 specialists participated. The tone and ergonomics of the pilot version were appreciated by physicians. However, all participants emphasized the importance of getting exhaustive, trustworthy answers when interacting with a chatbot.

Conclusions
The chatbot was perceived as a useful and innovative tool that could easily be integrated into routine medical practice and could help health professionals when seeking information on drug and risk minimization measures.
Using Geocaching to Promote Active Aging: Qualitative Study
Authors: Fornasini Silvia , Dianti Marco , Bacchiega Alessandro , Forti Stefano , Conforti Diego 
Published: May 2020

Background
Over the past few years, the development of technologies supporting active aging has been increasing. Among the activities that promote physical exercise by using technologies is geocaching—a treasure hunt of sorts in which participants use a receiver GPS to hide or find real or virtual objects. Although this activity is particularly suited to the promotion of healthy lifestyles in older people, geocaching remains to be unexplored in this area.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of activities combining geocaching and self-tracking technologies to promote active aging, evaluate the usability of technologies, and explore the ways in which technologies have been integrated in the organizational context under examination to determine the user experience of participants.

Methods
A group of individuals aged 65 years and older (N=14) attending a senior center managed by a social cooperative was involved in the study. Some of them created the geocaching contents, and others, split into 2 teams, participated in the game. Each participant was given a pedometer bracelet and the geocaching app. The steps taken by individual participants along with the number of caches found by each group translated into team scores.

Results
The main results of the study were as follows: (1) activities in favor of active aging that involve the use of new technologies can foster the participation of elderly people; in particular, adding gamification to self-tracking can be a valid strategy to promote physical exercise among the elderly; (2) for this to happen, involvement of older people firsthand is crucial, and there must be a focus on their active involvement and empowerment in every phase of the project; and (3) the mediation of conflicts and competition that arise from the gamification could only take place because of the strong support of the organization in the form of social workers.

Conclusions
The results show that promoting active aging through technologies requires more effort than simply using these tools; it requires a wider process that involves an articulated organizational network with heterogeneous actors, technologies, and relations.