bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Katja Ritari & Alexandra Bergholm (eds.): Understanding Celtic Religion: Revisiting the Pagan Past
Authors: Freeman Philip 
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Understanding Celtic Religion: Revisiting the Pagan PastEdited by Katja Ritari & Alexandra Bergholm.Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2015.181 pages, £95.00, ISBN (hardcover) 978-1-78316-792-0
Linking Khotan and Dūnhuáng: Buddhist Narratives in Text and Image
Authors: Anderl Christoph 
Published: November 2020

In the propagation and spread of Buddhism throughout Asia, jātaka and avadāna narratives played a decisive role, both in the form of texts and iconographical representations. In this paper I will focus on another set of narratives which enjoyed great popularity in the Dūnhuáng area during the later Tang and Five Dynasties period, dealing with historical projections concerning the origin and transmission of Buddhism. In this stories, “Auspicious Statues” (ruìxiàng 瑞像) play a key role. These “living” statues were thought to have moved from Indian monasteries to Khotan and other regions, serving as agents of the transmission of the Dharma in these areas. Besides reflecting religious key concern during that period, the historical narratives on the spread of Buddhism also give witness to the close diplomatic and family relations between Dunhuang and the Kingdom of Khotan during that period.
Where Do the Multi-Religious Origins of Islam Lie? A Topological Approach to a Wicked Problem
Authors: Sing Manfred 
Published: November 2020

The revelation of Islam in Arabic, its emergence in the Western Arabian Peninsula, and its acquaintance with Biblical literature seem to be clear indications for Islam’s birthplace and its religious foundations. While the majority of academic scholarship accepts the historicity of the revelation in Mecca and Medina, revisionist scholars have started questioning the location of early Islam with increasing fervour in recent years. Drawing on the isolation of Mecca and the lack of clear references to Mecca in ancient and non-Muslim literature before the mid-eighth century, these scholars have cast doubt on the claim that Mecca was already a trading outpost and a pilgrimage site prior to Islam, questioning the traditional Islamic and Orientalist view. Space, thus, plays a prominent role in the debate on the origins of Islam, although space is almost never conceptually discussed. In the following paper, I challenge the limited understanding of space in revisionist as well as mainstream scholarship. For the most part, this scholarship is not really interested in the multi-religious landscape sui generis, but understands early Islam either as a stable or an unstable entity that either reworked or digested the impact of Judaism and Christianity. In contrast, my contention is based on the view that Islam emerged neither “in” Mecca nor anywhere else, but that Muslims’ practical and symbolic actions produced such places as Mecca, Medina, and the Ḥijāz as the central places of Islam. My argument is threefold: Firstly, the production of the Meccan space and its central meaning for Islam were mutually dependant, gradual processes. Secondly, the creation of an exclusively Muslim space in the Ḥijāz conversely inscribed multi-religiosity into the general topology of early Islam. Thirdly, the early history of Islam hints at practices of un/doing differences, exemplified by instances of sharing, the creation of ambivalence, and processes ofpurification. Moreover, my contribution questions the way in which research on the origins of Islam has become a meaningful object of knowledge about the “true” nature of Islam against the background of populist discourses on Islam.
Towards a Multi-Religious Topology of Islam: The Global Circulation of a Mutable Mobile
Authors: Sing Manfred 
Published: November 2020

Narratives of the origins, the history, and the present state of Islam always entail spatial claims. Accordingly, Islam emerged in the Arabian Peninsula, spread over its so-called heartlands, and became a world religion. A common understanding inscribes Islam onto the Orient and opposes it to Europe, the Occident, or the West. Such spatial claims are faced with fundamental challenges and epistemological shortcomings because neither Islam nor space are naturally given, bounded entities. Rather, different historical actors and observers produce spatialized Islam. In this chapter, I challenge the notion that “Muslim space” is a useful analytical concept, and scrutinize the ways in which academic discourses inscribe Islam onto space and history. As an alternative, I propose a topology that understands the production of space as a multi-dimensional social process, including Muslim and non-Muslim perspectives at the same time. Thus, I delineate the topology of Islam as variegated, dynamic, and multi-religious from its inception. My argument is that Islam’s trans-regional spread turned it into a polycentric, mutable mobile characterized by internal and external diversity. I further argue that images of Islam are an integral, yet often concealed part of European and Western knowledge production and self-understanding. Epistemologically, this perspective argues that the “Islamization of Islam” is nowhere better visible than in the spatial ramifications of discourses that marginalize, exclude, or obfuscate both the multi-religious experiences in Islamic contexts and the continuous presence of Islam in European history.
Crecimiento de la mojarra tilapia variedad Stirling durante la etapa de desarrollo, bajo dos dietas alimenticias
Authors: Hernández Porfirio Otoniel , Bruno Martínez Santos Ángel , Castillo Capitán Guadalupe , Romero Figueroa Maximino Zito , Velázquez Silvestre María Gisela 
Published: November 2020

Se evaluó el crecimiento y el peso de tilapia variedad Stirling durante la etapa de desarrollo, a partir del suministro de dos dietas alimenticias: alimento comercial y dieta a base de harina de carne. El trabajo se realizó bajo un sistema de producción semi-intensivo en dos estanques de concreto con capacidad de 24 m3 (3x8x1), bajo una densidad experimental de 600 peces/estanque y durante tres meses (noviembre, diciembre y enero). Los peces se alimentaron tomando en cuenta su biomasa corporal. Los datos se analizaron con un diseño factorial completamente al azar y 60 repeticiones por cada tratamiento. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas para ambas dietas, la ganancia de peso fue mayor con el concentrado comercial (49.65g) que con la dieta elaborada (25.62g). La dieta comercial permite un crecimiento significativo para la Tilapia. La dieta a base de harina de carne minimiza costos de producción, Los resultados obtenidos indican que la dieta a base de harina de carne presenta una diferencia en costo de 66.36%. Si se requiere obtener tilapia de un peso comercial, >350g en poco tiempo, la mejor opción es alimentar con el concentrado comercial, los costos de alimentación se recupera con las ventas. La alimentación a base de harina de carne, es para un productor de autoconsumo de bajos recursos económicos, de mercado local, ventas en menudeo y con más tiempo para la engorda de la tilapia.
Disminución en la frecuencia de uso en maíces de color en dos regiones de Tlaxcala
Authors: Orozco Bolaños Hermilia , García Juárez Guillermina , Hernández Vázquez Maricela , Juárez Ortíz María Guadalupe 
Published: November 2020

La agrodiversidad es un componente de los sistemas de producción agrícola tradicional, una de las características es el uso de semillas de maíz criollo de diversos colores. En este estudio se analizó la disminución en la frecuencia de uso en maíces de color en dos regiones del estado de Tlaxcala. La población de productores de maíz se obtuvo del programa de apoyos directos al campo, se seleccionaron 5 localidades en cada región con características similares entre ellas, pero contrastantes entre regiones. Se encuestó a 138 productores, analizando la información mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la disminución en el uso de maíces de color en la siembra, principalmente en la región poniente, también que el productor los está abandonando por la falta de mercado, apoyo económico y la migración, situaciones que amenazan la seguridad alimentaria en las regiones de estudio.
Study of postural control and body balance in subjects with Down syndrome
Authors: Giustino Valerio , Messina Giuseppe , Alesi Marianna , La Mantia Linda , Palma Antonio , Battaglia Giuseppe 
Published: November 2020

PurposeBody imbalance and poor postural control have negative impact on gait and may increase the risk of falling in
healthy individuals as well as those with Down syndrome (DS). Since people with DS have lower physical levels than people
who do not present this condition, the purpose of our research was to compare features of postural control and body balance
between subjects affected by DS and a control sampleMethodsParticipants enrolled were divided into the following two groups: a DS group (DSG; <i>n</i> = 22; 9 females and 13 males;
age range: 16–36 years) and an age-matched control group (CG; <i>n</i> = 25; 11 females and 14 males; age range: 16–36 years).
All participants were subjected to two stabilometric tests: eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC), 30 s each, in bipedal upright
stance on a platformResultsThe main results showed significantly higher values for the ellipse sway area in DSG compared with CG, both in
the EO (<i>p</i> = 0.009) and in the EC trial (<i>p</i> = 0.000). Moreover, significantly higher values were revealed for the sway path length
(<i>p</i> = 0.013), maximum speed of sway (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and average speed of sway (<i>p</i> = 0.046) in the EC than in the EO trial.ConclusionsWe infer that a delay in multi-sensory integration processes in the nervous system for controlling body posture
could underlie lower body balance in DS.
Beliefs about sharing illness experiences in chronic fatigue syndrome: the role of interpersonal trust and personality
Authors: Shabahang Reza , Sheykhangafshe Farzin , Aruguete Mara , Hossienkhanzadeh Abbas 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundDisclosure of illness and illness experiences can be complicated for patients diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome due to the stigma associated with the illness. In this study, we evaluate the psychometric properties of the Beliefs about Sharing Illness Experiences (BASIE) scale in chronic fatigue patients. In addition, we inves-tigate whether interpersonal trust and personality characteristics predict self-disclosure in chronic fatigue pa-tients.Participants and procedureThe research was carried out in Rasht City, Iran. Participants were patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (N = 280) who were referred to Rasht pain management clinics in 2019. The psychometric properties of the BASIE scale were evaluated using content validity (CVI and CVR), exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirma-tory factor analysis (CFA), and Cronbach’s α. In addition, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression were used to test the roles of interpersonal trust and personality in predicting willingness to share illness experiences in chronic fatigue syndrome patients.ResultsA CVI of .91 and CVR of .92 showed strong content validly for the BASIE scale. EFA and CFA supported a two-factor structure of the instrument. The Cronbach’s α of .94 confirmed strong reliability. Multiple regression anal-ysis revealed that positive beliefs about sharing illness experiences were predicted by higher interpersonal trust, higher extraversion, and lower neuroticism.ConclusionsThe BASIE scale appears to be an appropriate tool for measuring chronic fatigue syndrome patients’ beliefs about sharing illness experiences. Also, interpersonal trust, extraversion, and neuroticism play important roles in sharing illness experiences. These findings may be helpful in the management of chronic fatigue syndrome and other stigmatized illnesses.
Effectiveness of a stress management program in continuous care nursing professionals
Authors: Galindo Edgar , Pires Rodrigo , Gracio Luisa , Candeias Adelinda 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundNursing is a stressful profession, because it is highly specialized work done under conditions of considerable pressure and has consequently a strong psychological impact. Occupational stress has been considered a serious public health problem, especially in the case of the nursing profession, with considerable conse-quences for the individual, for the quality of his work and for the associated economic costs. Although the topic of stress has become an important field of research, experimental studies on stress management strategies are rather scarce, especially in the case of the so-called risk professions, such as nursing.Participants and procedureThe present study applied a cognitive-behavioral training program for stress management to a sample of nurs-ing professionals (N = 5) from an intensive care unit. The intervention was applied on the basis of a multiple baseline design. Evaluation of results was carried using quantitative and one qualitative measures. Emphasis was given to evaluation of physiological, cognitive and emotional symptoms of stress.ResultsThe main hypotheses seem to have been confirmed, i.e. the stress management program reduces the partici-pants’ physiological, cognitive and emotional stress symptoms according to applied assessment instruments. The results show different levels of stress reduction, as well as an improvement of the number and efficacy of the coping skills of the participants. Correlations were found between quantitative measures, between quantita-tive and qualitative measures, as well as between physiological, cognitive and emotional symptoms of stress.ConclusionsResearch hypotheses were confirmed, i.e., the applied program seems to be able to reduce stress.
Photovoltaic power potential in West Africa using long-term satellite data
Authors: Neher Ina , Crewell Susanne , Meilinger Stefanie , Pfeifroth Uwe , Trentmann Jörg 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. This paper addresses long-term historical changes in solar irradiance in West Africa (3 to 20∘ N and 20∘ W to 16∘ E) and the implications for photovoltaic systems. Here, we use satellite irradiance (Surface Solar Radiation Data Set – Heliosat, Edition 2.1 – SARAH-2.1) and temperature data from a reanalysis (ERA5) to derive photovoltaic yields. Based on 35 years of data (1983–2017), the temporal and regional variability as well as long-term trends in global and direct horizontal irradiance are analyzed. Furthermore, a detailed time series analysis is undertaken at four locations. According to the high spatial resolution SARAH-2.1 data record (0.05∘×0.05∘), solar irradiance is largest (up to a 300 W m−2 daily average) in the Sahara and the Sahel zone with a positive trend (up to 5 W m−2 per decade) and a lower temporal variability (<75 W m−2 between 1983 and 2017 for daily averages). In contrast, the solar irradiance is lower in southern West Africa (between 200 W m−2 and 250 W m−2) with a negative trend (up to −5 W m−2 per decade) and a higher temporal variability (up to 150 W m−2). The positive trend in the north is mostly connected to the dry season, whereas the negative trend in the south occurs during the wet season. Both trends show 95 % significance. Photovoltaic (PV) yields show a strong meridional gradient with the lowest values of around 4 kWh  kWp−1 in southern West Africa and values of more than 5.5 kWh  kWp−1 in the Sahara and Sahel zone.
A test of the ability of current bulk optical models to represent the radiative properties of cirrus cloud across the mid- and far-infrared
Authors: Bantges Richard J. , Brindley Helen E. , Murray Jonathan E. , Last Alan E. , Russell Jacqueline E. , Fox Cathryn , Fox Stuart , Harlow Chawn , O'Shea Sebastian J. , Bower Keith N. , Baum Bryan A. , Yang Ping , Oetjen Hilke , Pickering Juliet C. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Measurements of mid- to far-infrared nadir radiances
obtained from the UK Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM)
BAe 146 aircraft during the Cirrus Coupled Cloud-Radiation Experiment
(CIRCCREX) are used to assess the performance of various ice cloud bulk
optical property models. Through use of a minimization approach, we find
that the simulations can reproduce the observed spectra in the mid-infrared
to within measurement uncertainty, but they are unable to simultaneously match the
observations over the far-infrared frequency range. When both mid- and
far-infrared observations are used to minimize residuals, first-order
estimates of the spectral flux differences between the best-performing
simulations and observations indicate a compensation effect between the mid-
and far-infrared such that the absolute broadband difference is < 0.7 W m−2. However, simply matching the spectra using the mid-infrared
(far-infrared) observations in isolation leads to substantially larger
discrepancies, with absolute differences reaching ∼ 1.8 (3.1) W m−2. These results show that simulations using these microphysical
models may give a broadly correct integrated longwave radiative impact but
that this masks spectral errors, with implicit consequences for the vertical
distribution of atmospheric heating. They also imply that retrievals using
these models applied to mid-infrared radiances in isolation will select
cirrus optical properties that are inconsistent with far-infrared radiances.
As such, the results highlight the potential benefit of more extensive far-infrared
observations for the assessment and, where necessary, the improvement of
current ice bulk optical models.
Description and evaluation of the process-based forest model 4C v2.2 at four European forest sites
Authors: Lasch-Born Petra , Suckow Felicitas , Reyer Christopher P. O. , Gutsch Martin , Kollas Chris , Badeck Franz-Werner , Bugmann Harald K. M. , Grote Rüdiger , Fürstenau Cornelia , Lindner Marcus , Schaber Jörg 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The process-based model 4C (FORESEE) has been developed over the past 20 years to study climate impacts on forests and is now freely available
as an open-source tool. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive description of this 4C version (v2.2) for scientific users of the
model and to present an evaluation of 4C at four different forest sites across Europe. The evaluation focuses on forest growth as well as carbon
(net ecosystem exchange, gross primary production), water (actual evapotranspiration, soil water content), and heat fluxes (soil temperature) using
data from the PROFOUND database. We applied different evaluation metrics and compared the daily, monthly, and annual variability of observed and
simulated values. The ability to reproduce forest growth (stem diameter and biomass) differs from site to site and is best for a pine stand in
Germany (Peitz, model efficiency ME=0.98). 4C is able to reproduce soil temperature at different depths in Sorø and Hyytiälä
with good accuracy (for all soil depths ME > 0.8). The dynamics in simulating carbon and water fluxes are well captured on daily and
monthly timescales (0.51 < ME < 0.983) but less so on an annual timescale (ME < 0). This model–data mismatch is
possibly due to the accumulation of errors because of processes that are missing or represented in a very general way in 4C but not with enough specific
detail to cover strong, site-specific dependencies such as ground vegetation growth. These processes need to be further elaborated to improve the
projections of climate change on forests. We conclude that, despite shortcomings, 4C is widely applicable, reliable, and therefore ready to be
released to the scientific community to use and further develop the model.
Laminar-turbulent transition characteristics of a 3-D wind turbine rotor blade based on experiments and computations
Authors: Özçakmak Özge Sinem , Madsen Helge Aagaard , Sørensen Niels Nørmark , Sørensen Jens Nørkær 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Laminar-turbulent transition behavior of a wind turbine blade section is investigated in this study by means of field experiments and 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) rotor simulations. The power spectral density (PSD) integrals of the pressure fluctuations obtained from the high-frequency microphones mounted on a blade section are analyzed to detect laminar-turbulent transition locations from the experiments. The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) velocities and the turbulence intensities (T.I.) measured from the field experiments are used to create several inflow scenarios for the CFD simulations. Results from the natural and the bypass transition models of the in-house CFD EllipSys code are compared with the experiments. It is seen that the bypass transition model results fit well with experiments at the azimuthal positions where the turbine is under wake and high turbulence, while the results from other cases show agreement with the natural transition model. Furthermore, the influence of inflow turbulence, wake of an upstream turbine, and angle of attack (AOA) on the transition behavior is investigated through the field experiments. On the pressure side of the blade section, at high AOA values and wake conditions, variation in the transition location covers up to 44 % of the chord during one revolution, while for the no-wake cases and lower AOA values, variation occurs along a region that covers only 5 % of the chord. The effect of the inflow turbulence on the effective angle of attack as well as its direct effect on transition is observed. Transition locations for the wind tunnel conditions and field experiments are compared together with 2-D and 3-D CFD simulations. In contrast to the suction side, significant difference in the transition locations is observed between wind tunnel and field experiments on the pressure side for the same airfoil geometry. It is seen that the natural and bypass transition models of EllipSys3D can be used for transition prediction of a wind turbine blade section for high-Reynolds-number flows by applying various inflow scenarios separately to cover the whole range of atmospheric occurrences.
Vostok: 3D scanner simulation for industrial robot environments
Authors: Rossi Alessandro , Barbiero Marco , Carli Ruggero 
Published: November 2020

Computer vision will drive the next wave of robot applications. Latest three-dimensional scanners provide increasingly realistic object reconstructions. We introduce an innovative simulator that allows interacting with those scanners within the operating environment, thus creating a powerful tool for developers, researchers and students. In particular, we present a novel approach for simulating structured-light and timeof-flight sensors. Qualitative results demonstrate the efficiency and reliability in industrial environments. By using the programmability of modern GPUs, it is now possible to make greater use of parallelized simulative approaches. Apart from the easy modification of sensor parameters, the main advantage in simulation is the opportunity of carrying out experiments under reproducible conditions, especially for dynamic scene setups. Moreover, thanks to a great computational power, it is possible to generate huge amounts of synthetic data which can be used as test datasets for training machine learning models.