bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereotactic Photodynamic Therapy Using a Two‐Photon AIE Photosensitizer
Authors: He Xiaojing , Situ Bo , Gao Meng , Guan Shujuan , He Bairong , Ge Xiaoxue , Li Shiwu , Tao Maliang , Zou Hang , Tang Ben Zhong , Zheng Lei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo‐photon photodynamic therapy (TP‐PDT) is emerging as a powerful strategy for stereotactic targeting of diseased areas, but ideal photosensitizers (PSs) are currently lacking. This work reports a smart PS with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) feature, namely DPASP, for TP‐PDT with excellent performances. DPASP exhibits high affinity to mitochondria, superior photostability, large two‐photon absorption cross section as well as efficient reactive oxygen species generation, enabling it to achieve photosensitization both in vitro and in vivo under two‐photon excitation. Moreover, its capability of stereotactic ablation of targeted cells with high‐precision is also successfully demonstrated. All these merits make DPASP a promising TP‐PDT candidate for accurate ablation of abnormal tissues with minimal damages to surrounding areas in the treatment of various diseases.
Ultrasonic‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on a simple and green deep eutectic solvent for preconcentration of macrolides from swine urine samples
Authors: Liao Qie Gen , Da Wen Zhang , Lin Guang Luo , Ci Dan Zha Xi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, a simple and green deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction methodology had been proposed for the assessment of four macrolides in swine urine samples. Some important parameters including type and volume of extraction solvent and demulsifier solvent, sample pH, salt concentration affecting extraction efficiency were investigated. The quantitative recoveries were achieved at pH 9 and 20% (w/v) NaCl by using 0.3 mL of deep eutectic solvent consisting of choline chloride‐phenol (1:2, molar ratio) and 0.3 mL of tetrahydrofuran. Under optimal conditions, the linear ranges of four macrolides were 0.5–20.0 µg/L with correlation coefficient higher than 0.999. Limits of detection and quantification were in the ranges of 0.02–0.1 and 0.1–0.5 µg/L, respectively. The relative recoveries for macrolides in spiked swine urine samples ranged from 80 to 93% with relative standard deviations less than 6%.
The generalized slenderness‐based resistance method for the design of SHS and RHS
Authors: Toffolon Andrea , Meng Xin , Taras Andreas , Gardner Leroy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSelected, extended paper from the SDSS 2019 special session ECCS/TC8 – Structural StabilityThe cross‐sectional strength of square (SHS) and rectangular (RHS) hollow sections loaded in compression and various degrees of uniaxial or biaxial bending are governed by local instabilities in the elastic or plastic range. Common design checks for cross‐sectional strength, e.g. those found in the Eurocodes, regularly penalize these sections through a conservative omission of various mechanical effects and a categorization of cross‐sections into distinct classes with corresponding, markedly different, design rules. This leads to discontinuities and inaccuracies in the strength representation. Such conservatism is particularly detrimental to the introduction of high‐strength steel hollow sections, which often fall into the semi‐compact and slender cross‐section classes for which local buckling is more relevant. This paper discusses the results of extensive research work carried out during the RFCS research project HOLLOSSTAB. In this project, new design rules were developed for the cross‐sectional and member design checks of hollow sections with various shapes and slenderness ratios, termed the “Generalized Slenderness‐based Resistance Method – GSRM”. This paper summarizes the experimental and numerical campaign carried out within HOLLOSSTAB and describes the new GSRM design rules and their background for the case of the cross‐sectional strength of SHS and RHS.
The generalised slenderness‐based resistance method for the design of CHS and EHS
Authors: Meng Xin , Toffolon Andrea , Gardner Leroy , Taras Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSelected, extended paper from the SDSS 2019 special session ECCS/TC8 – Structural StabilityThis paper presents the development and assessment of an innovative cross‐section design method for structural steel circular and elliptical hollow sections (CHS and EHS) – the generalised slenderness‐based resistance method (GSRM). A numerical simulation programme was first conducted to expand the data pool for CHS and EHS. Finite element (FE) models were established, validated against existing test data and then utilised for parametric studies, where a total of over 3 700 cross‐section resistance data were numerically generated. The development of the GSRM for CHS and EHS is then presented. Key design parameters, including the reference resistances and the generalised local slenderness, are initially defined. The general design procedure is subsequently introduced. Two design alternatives for CHS and EHS – a strength‐based approach, and a deformation‐based approach based on the continuous strength method (CSM), are developed and presented. Finally, the proposed GSRM is assessed using the previously collected test results and freshly generated FE data, where excellent accuracy and consistency in the resistance predictions are clearly revealed for all loading scenarios. Subsequent reliability analyses demonstrate that the current partial safety factor used in EN 1993‐1‐1 can be applied to the GSRM, achieving an appropriate level of reliability.
Genetically Encoded Membranes for Bottom‐Up Biology
Authors: Vogele Kilian , Pirzer Tobias , Simmel Friedrich C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Marisa A. Goetzfried, Technical University of Munich. The image illustrates dynamic peptide vesicles investigated in our group. The background displays a fluorescence‐bright‐field overlay micrograph of giant peptide vesicles. Read the full text of the Concept article at 10.1002/syst.201900016.
Resummation of boson-jet correlation at hadron colliders
Authors: Chien Yang-Ting , Shao Ding Yu , Wu Bin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We perform a precise calculation of the transverse momentum ($$ {\overrightarrow{q}}_T $$

q
→

T

) distribution of the boson+jet system in boson production events. The boson can be either a photon, W, Z or Higgs boson with mass mV, and $$ {\overrightarrow{q}}_T $$

q
→

T

is the sum of the transverse momenta of the boson and the leading jet with magnitude qT = |$$ {\overrightarrow{q}}_T $$

q
→

T

|. Using renormalization group techniques and soft-collinear effective theory, we resum logarithms log (Q/qT) and log R at next-to- leading logarithmic accuracy including the non-global logarithms, where Q and R are respectively the hard scattering energy and the radius of the jet. Specifically, we investigate two scenarios of $$ {p}_T^J $$

p
T
J

≲ mV or $$ {p}_T^J $$

p
T
J

≳ mV in Z +jet events, and we examine the qT distributions with different jet radii and study the effect of non-global logarithms. In the end we compare our theoretical calculations with Monte Carlo simulations and data from the LHC.
(g − 2)μ versus flavor changing neutral current induced by the light (B − L)μτ boson
Authors: Kang Zhaofeng , Shigekami Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We propose the local (B − L)μτ model, which minimally retains the local B − L extension for the sake of neutrino phenomenologies, and at the same time presents an invisible gauge boson Z′ with mass ∼ 𝒪 (10) MeV to account for the discrepancy of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. However such a scenario is challenged by flavor physics. To accommodate the correct pattern of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, we have to introduce either a SU(2)L doublet flavon or vector-like quarks plus a singlet flavon. In either case Z′ induces flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) in the quark sector at tree-level. We find that the former scheme cannot naturally suppress the FCNC from the down-type quark sector and thus requires a large fine-tuning to avoid the stringent K → πν$$ \overline{v} $$

v
¯

bound. Whereas the latter scheme, in which FCNC merely arises in the up-type quark sector, is still free of strong constraint. In particular, it opens a new window to test our scenario by searching for flavor-changing top quark decay mode t → u/c+(invisible), and the typical branching ratio ∼ 𝒪 (10−4).
Some monotonicity properties in F-normed Musielak–Orlicz spaces
Authors: Kaczmarek Radosław 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Strict monotonicity, lower local uniform monotonicity, upper local uniform monotonicity and their orthogonal counterparts are considered in the case of Musielak–Orlicz function spaces $$L^\Phi (\mu )$$

L
Φ

(
μ
)

endowed with the Mazur–Orlicz F-norm as well as in the case of their subspaces $$E^\Phi (\mu )$$

E
Φ

(
μ
)

with the F-norm induced from $$L^\Phi (\mu )$$

L
Φ

(
μ
)

. The presented results generalize some of the results from Cui et al. (Aequ Math 93:311–343, 2019) and Hudzik et al. (J Nonlinear Convex Anal 17(10):1985–2011, 2016), obtained only for Orlicz spaces as well as their subspaces of order continuous elements equipped with the Mazur–Orlicz F-norm.
Upper Semicontinuity of Trajectory Attractors for 3D Incompressible Navier–Stokes Equation
Authors: Qin Yuming , Wang Xiuqing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we first establish the existence of a trajectory attractor for the Navier–Stokes–Voight (NSV) equation and then prove upper semicontinuity of trajectory attractors of 3D incompressible Navier–Stokes equation when 3D NSV equation is considered as a perturbative equation of 3D incompressible Navier–Stokes equation.
Photo-movement in the sea anemone Aiptasia influenced by light quality and symbiotic association
Authors: Foo Shawna A. , Liddell Lauren , Grossman Arthur , Caldeira Ken 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe relationship between cnidarians and their micro-algal symbionts is crucial for normal animal function and the formation of coral reefs. We used the sea anemone Exaiptasia pallida (Aiptasia) as a model cnidarian–dinoflagellate system to determine the effects of white, blue and red light on photo-movement. In white light, phototropism and phototaxis of Aiptasia were dependent on the presence of symbionts; anemones with symbionts bent and moved toward the light, whereas aposymbiotic anemones (lacking algal symbionts) moved, but without strong directionality. Phototaxis and phototropism also occurred in blue light, but to a lesser extent than in white light, with no apparent response to red light. Phototactic behavior was also sensitive to the specific anemone–symbiont pairing. The ability to sense and move in response to light would presumably allow for selection of favorable habitats. Overall, this study demonstrates that the algal symbiont is required for photo-movement of the host and that the extent of movement is influenced by the different anemone–symbiont associations.
Evolution and networks in ancient and widespread symbioses between Mucoromycotina and liverworts
Authors: Rimington William R. , Pressel Silvia , Duckett Jeffrey G. , Field Katie J. , Bidartondo Martin I. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLike the majority of land plants, liverworts regularly form intimate symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycotina). Recent phylogenetic and physiological studies report that they also form intimate symbioses with Mucoromycotina fungi and that some of these, like those involving Glomeromycotina, represent nutritional mutualisms. To compare these symbioses, we carried out a global analysis of Mucoromycotina fungi in liverworts and other plants using species delimitation, ancestral reconstruction, and network analyses. We found that Mucoromycotina are more common and diverse symbionts of liverworts than previously thought, globally distributed, ancestral, and often co-occur with Glomeromycotina within plants. However, our results also suggest that the associations formed by Mucoromycotina fungi are fundamentally different because, unlike Glomeromycotina, they may have evolved multiple times and their symbiotic networks are un-nested (i.e., not forming nested subsets of species). We infer that the global Mucoromycotina symbiosis is evolutionarily and ecologically distinctive.
Application of numerical models to assess multi-source saltwater intrusion under natural and pumping conditions in the Great Maputo aquifer, Mozambique
Authors: Casillas-Trasvina Alberto , Zhou Yangxiao , Stigter Tibor Y. , Mussáa F. E. F. , Juízo D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRegional three-dimensional groundwater-flow and saltwater transport models were built to analyse saltwater intrusion in the Great Maputo area, southern Mozambique. Increased water demand has led to many private groundwater abstractions, as the local public water supply network has already reached maximum capacity. Pushing for new strategies to tackle the water-supply shortages exposes the aquifer system to saltwater intrusion from entrapped fossil saline groundwater and seawater. Previous attempts at modelling have been frustrated by data limitations. This study compiled all the available data to build the models, which were subsequently calibrated with observed heads, discharges and salt concentrations. The transport models were used to test hypotheses of potential sources of saltwater resulting in the current salinity distribution. Furthermore, scenarios were simulated to assess the impacts of sea-level rise and projected groundwater abstractions. Results show that saline groundwater is widely distributed in the aquifer’s western sector, where it is a limiting factor for groundwater development, and seawater intrusion is a risk along the coastline. Newly constructed wells (46) along the Infulene River can be operated with some impacts of saltwater upconing and must be closely monitored. Although current groundwater abstractions (60,340 m3/day) are still small compared with groundwater recharge (980,823 m3/day), larger volumes of abstraction are feasible only when using a high number of production wells further away from the city with relatively low yields to avoid saltwater upconing. Capture of fresh groundwater upstream of discharge areas by wells for water supply is possible while maintaining groundwater discharges for groundwater dependent ecosystems.
Target-oriented Gaussian beam migration using a modified ray tracing scheme
Authors: Zhang Rui , Huang Jian-Ping , Zhuang Su-Bin , Li Zhen-Chun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
For large-scale 3D seismic data, target-oriented reservoir imaging is more attractive than conventional full-volume migration, in terms of computation efficiency. Gaussian beam migration (GBM) is one of the most robust depth imaging method, which not only keeps the advantages of ray methods, such as high efficiency and flexibility, but also allows us to solve caustics and multipathing problems. But conventional Gaussian beam migration requires slant stack for prestack data, and ray tracing from beam center location to subsurface, which is not easy to be directly applied for target-oriented imaging. In this paper, we modify the conventional Gaussian beam migration scheme, by shooting rays from subsurface image points to receivers to implement wavefield back-propagation. This modification helps us to achieve a better subsurface illumination in complex structure and allows simple implementation for target reservoir imaging. Significantly, compared with the wavefield-based GBM, our method does not reconstruct the subsurface snapshots, which has higher efficiency. But the proposed method is not as efficient as the conventional Gaussian beam migration. Synthetic and field data examples demonstrate the validity and the target-oriented imaging capability of our method.
Modeling and analysis of a catastrophic oil spill and vapor cloud explosion in a confined space upon oil pipeline leaking
Authors: Zhang Shengzhu , Wang Xu , Cheng Y. Frank , Shuai Jian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Oil spill-induced vapor cloud explosions in a confined space can cause catastrophic consequences. In this work, investigation was conducted on the catastrophic pipeline leak, oil spill, and the resulting vapor cloud explosion accident occurring in China in 2013 by modeling analysis, field surveys, and numerical simulations. The total amount of the spilled oil was up to 2044.4 m3 due to improper disposal. The long residence time of the oil remaining in a confined space permitted the formation of explosive mixtures and caused the vapor cloud explosion. A numerical model was developed to estimate the consequence of the explosion based on volatilization testing results. The results show that the death-leading zone and the glass-breaking zone could be 18 m and 92 m, respectively, which are consistent with the field investigation. The severity of the explosion is related to the amount of the oil spill, properties of oil, and volatilization time. It is recommended that a comprehensive risk assessment be conducted to analyze the possible consequences upon oil spilling into a confined space. Prompt collection and ventilation measures should be taken immediately after the spill occurs to reduce the time for oil volatilization and prevent the mixture from reaching its explosive limit.
E-Library of Authentic Patient Videos Improves Medical Students’ Mental Status Examination
Authors: Hansen Jessica R. , Gefke Maria , Hemmingsen Ralf , Fog-Petersen Cecilie , Høegh Erica B. , Wang August , Arnfred Sidse Marie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
During psychiatric rotation, clerkship students must learn the clinical skill of recording an accurate Mental Status Examination (MSE). The authors built a video e-library consisting of 23 authentic patient videos that were accessible on a secure website during the rotation period, aimed at assisting students’ acquisition of MSE skills.

Methods
The authors conducted a prospective case comparison study investigating the impact of the video e-library as “add-on” intervention, on acquisition of MSE skills, as measured by a test consisting of three videos with adjoining forced choice questionnaires. Eighty-five clerkship students had instructions and access to the video e-library whereas 82 did not. A group of clinicians, unfamiliar with the video e-library, was also subjected to the new MSE skills test and they served as a reference group. Outcome was defined as scores of MSE skills measured by the purpose made MSE skills test and entailed evaluation questions on the students’ use of the e-library.

Results
The MSE skill test score differed between the three groups, and the clinicians scored higher than both student groups (clinicians mean score (M) 12.6; p < 0.001). However, the students with video access scored higher compared to students without access (M 10.7 versus M 9.9, p = 0.04). The e-library was appreciated by the students as helpful (83.6%) and they used it not only for practicing the MSE but also for observation of interviewing techniques.

Conclusion
The e-library with video vignettes of authentic patients strengthens MSE skills as “add-on” to the psychiatric rotation, and evaluations by the students were positive.
From Thoughts to Actions: The Importance of Climate Change Education in Enhancing Students’ Self-Efficacy
Authors: Muroi Subaru Ken , Bertone Edoardo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe relation between the understanding and belief of the site-specific dangers of climate change and the behaviour that individuals take to mitigate their impacts was assessed to investigate the psychological antecedent to pro-environmental behaviour; a necessity to mitigate anthropogenic climate change at the individual level. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed to measure beliefs and behaviour of university students. Correlation was measured between the belief in one’s ability to affect change and pro-environmental behaviour. The hypothesis that nations facing greater climate threat would behave accordingly was tested on the two largest national representatives of the sample, China and Australia. In addition, a naïve Bayesian network, coupled with a self-organising map, was developed to explore correlations between self-efficacy and participants’ socio-demographic features. Results showed that Chinese students are more likely to have higher self-efficacy, while such trend was not noticed for Australians. Similarly, participants with higher educational qualifications, older, and with higher paid jobs also have a higher chance of presenting pro-environmental behaviour. Despite the study limitations, there seems to be evidence suggesting that educational and climate change policies have affected students’ self-efficacy and individual commitment to mitigation.
Examining the relationship between triage acuity and frailty to inform the care of older emergency department patients: Findings from a large Canadian multisite cohort study
Authors: Mowbray Fabrice , Brousseau Audrey-Anne , Mercier Eric , Melady Don , Émond Marcel , Costa Andrew P. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe 2016 Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS) updates introduced frailty screening within triage to more accurately code frail patients who may deteriorate waiting for care. The relationship between triage acuity and frailty is not well understood, but may help inform which supplemental geriatric assessments are beneficial to support care in the emergency department (ED). Our objectives were to investigate the relationship between triage acuity and frailty, and to compare their associations with a series of patient outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a secondary analysis of the Canadian cohort from a multinational prospective study. Data were collected on ED patients 75 years of age and older from eight ED sites across Canada between November 2009 and April 2012. Triage acuity was assigned using the CTAS, whereas frailty was measured using an ED frailty index. Spearman rank and binary logistic regression were used to examine associations.ResultsA total of 2,153 ED patients were analyzed. No association was found between the CTAS and ED frailty index scores assigned to patients (r = .001; p = 0.99). The ED frailty index was associated with hospital admission (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4–1.6), hospital length of stay (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.2–1.6), future hospitalization (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.05–1.2), and ED recidivism (OR = 1.1; 95% CI = 1.04–1.2). The CTAS was associated with hospital admission (e.g., CTAS 2 v. 5; OR = 6; 95% CI = 3.3–11.4).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that frailty and triage acuity are independent but complementary measures. EDs may benefit from comprehensive frailty screening post-triage, as frailty and its associated geriatric syndromes drive outcomes separate from traditional measures of acuity.