bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culturally inclusive water urban design: a critical history of hydrosocial infrastructures in Southern Sydney, Australia
Authors: Coyne Taylor , Zurita Maria de Lourdes Melo , Reid David , Prodanovic Veljko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHistoric relationships between communities and waterscapes are complex and often explained solely in technical terms. There is a key need to understand how human-centered developments have shifted the use of river spaces over time, and how these changes reflect on the values of rivers and surrounding cultures. In this paper, we develop a critical analysis of the historically changing relationship between urban communities and water infrastructures using the Georges River catchment in Sydney, Australia. Our focus was on bringing together past and current perspectives, engaging with the formation of diverse hydrosocial behaviors entangled with water infrastructures. Using post-settlement historical documents, maps, journals, and newspaper articles, we trace shifts in hydrosocial perspectives over time, mapping six distinct historic phases. In our study, we offer a shift from the main paradigms currently influencing the development of urban water infrastructures, moving away from the dominant technical propositions of systems designed purely for the management and treatment of stormwater. Drawing on our analysis, we propose a new urban water design concept: Culturally Inclusive Water Urban Design (CIWUD). This presents an advancement on current framework to include a consideration of people's connections and uses of urban waterscapes, as well as a shift towards democratic space design.
Sensitivity analysis of external conditions based on the MARS-Sobol method: case study of Tai Lake, China
Authors: Xu Ruichen , Pang Yong , Hu Zhibing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study utilized the ECO Lab model calculation samples of Tai Lake, in combination with robust analysis and the GCV test, to promote a faster intelligent application of machine learning and evaluate the MARS machine learning method. The results revealed that this technique can be better trained with small-scale samples, as indicated by the R2 values of the water quality test results, which were all &gt;0.995. In combination with the Sobol sensitivity analysis method, the contribution degree of the parameterized external conditions as well as the relationship with the water quality were examined, which indicated that TP and TN are primarily related to the external input water quality and flow, while Chl-a is related to inflow (36.42%), TP (26.65%), wind speed (25.89%), temperature (8.38%), thus demonstrating that the governance of Chl-a is more difficult. In general, the accuracy and interpretability of MARS machine learning are more in line with the actual situation, and the use of the Sobol method can save computer calculation time. The results of this research can provide a certain scientific basis for future intelligent management of lake environments.
Chloramination of iopamidol- and bromide-spiked waters containing natural organic matter
Authors: Ackerson Nana Osei B. , Liberatore Hannah K. , Richardson Susan D. , Plewa Michael J. , Ternes Thomas A. , Duirk Stephen E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIopamidol (an iodinated X-ray contrast medium) and bromide are precursors in the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs). The interactions of these precursors are vital to elucidate the formation of halogenated DBPs during chloramination. This work investigated the formation of total organic halogen and select individual DBPs in two laboratory-chloraminated source waters containing iopamidol and bromide. Experiments were carried out in batch reactors containing Barberton source water (BSW) and Cleveland BSW (CSW), spiked with iopamidol (5 μM), bromide (15 μM), and 100 μM monochloramine. Total organic iodine concentrations were approximately equal regardless of source water since they are mostly unreacted iopamidol and iopamidol DBPs. Almost equal amounts of total organic chlorine (3–4 nM) were produced in the source waters, but higher quantities of total organic bromine were formed in BSW than CSW. Substantial quantities of regulated trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) were formed in the source waters, along with appreciable concentrations of iodinated trihalomethanes (CHBrClI, CHCl2I, and CHBr2I). Low concentrations of iodo-HAAs were detected, especially at low pH. Overall, bromide concentrations appeared to suppress iodo-DBP formation during chloramination of iopamidol in the presence of natural organic matter. A good correlation (R2 = 0.801) between the yields of regulated DBPs and iodo-DBPs was observed.
ID. Jovem 2.0, um turismo social pós-fordista? Estudo sobre os hábitos de viagem dos usuários do programa
Authors: Gonçalves Farias Wynne , Ragagnin Pimentel Maurício 
Published: December 2020

A pesquisa objetiva: (1) avaliar se o programa Identidade Jovem promove o acesso ao turismo para um novo público, (2) conhecer as características das viagens a lazer realizadas com seu uso, (3) discutir em que medida o programa corresponde a um novo modelo de Turismo Social. Instituído através do Decreto 8.537 (2015), o programa visa ampliar o acesso à cultura, mobilidade e ao território para pessoas de 15 a 29 anos em situação de vulnerabilidade econômica. Seu documento possibilita descontos em eventos artísticos-culturais e esportivos, bem como a gratuidade e/ou desconto em passagens rodoviárias interestaduais. Estima-se que haja dezesseis milhões de jovens que podem ser beneficiados pelo programa, contudo, até 2018 existiam 425.494 cartões ativos. De caráter exploratório descritivo e de cunho quantitativo, o estudo empregou um questionário autopreenchido difundido por plataformas digitais. Houve 629 respondentes de todas as regiões brasileiras. Os resultados foram analisados a partir de estatísticas descritivas e comparados às tabelas do Censo do IBGE para população jovem. Apesar de não ser um propósito explícito, o programa contribui para o aumento de viagens, particularmente para um público que não tinha esse hábito. Apontam-se ainda as características dessas viagens como: motivação, duração, companhia e itinerário de viagem período em que ocorrem, os meios de hospedagem utilizados e os canais de informações sobre os destinos visitados. Este trabalho trata de um tema inédito, visto que não foram encontradas pesquisas que discutam o programa Identidade Jovem na perspectiva do Turismo, bem como a juventude como público para Turismo Social no Brasil.
Palavras-chave: Identidade Jovem. Turismo Social. Políticas para Juventude. Hábitos de Viagem.
Afroempreendedorismo no turismo, desigualdade racial e fortalecimento da identidade negra
Authors: Araújo de Oliveira Natália 
Published: December 2020

O afroempreendedor é o empreendedor negro que busca, por meio do seu trabalho, valorizar a cultura negra e fazer dela seu meio de renda e apoio. No turismo, o afroempreendedorismo é realizado por meio do afroturismo, que é pautado por experiências afroreferenciadas na atividade. A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo discutir como o afroempreendedorismo em turismo pode contribuir para a redução da desigualdade racial e para o fortalecimento da identidade negra no Brasil. Para tanto, uma pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, foi realizada junto a quinze afroempreendedores da área no país, que responderam um questionário enviado via Google Forms. A técnica de amostragem não probabilística usada foi a bola de neve, na qual os entrevistados indicavam outras pessoas para também responderem à pesquisa. Os afroempreendedores pesquisados eram pretos, em sua maioria mulheres, com alta escolaridade, que trabalhavam principalmente com agenciamento e guia. A pesquisa mostrou que o afroempreendedorismo no turismo auxilia na redução da desigualdade racial e na afirmação da identidade negra de sete diferentes maneiras, a saber: no resgate da memória do povo preto por meio de narrativas turísticas; na valorização das narrativas negras e da ancestralidade; na formação de empreendedores negros que valorizam sua ancestralidade; na construção de medidas antirracistas nos modelos de negócios; na mudança da visão do negro como mão de obra; na educação de jovens e no aumento da renda e inclusão de capital de giro para a população afrodescendente.
Palavras-chave: Afroempreendedorismo. Turismo. Redução da Desigualdade Racial. Fortalecimento da Identidade Negra.
Self-efficacy dan mental toughness: Apakah faktor psikologis berkorelasi dengan performa atlet?
Authors: Setiawan Edi , Patah Ihsan Abdul , Baptista Céu , Winarno M.E , Sabino Bebiana , Amalia Eneng Fitri 
Published: December 2020

Faktor psikologis saat ini telah menjadi salah satu aspek yang sangat penting dalam olahraga futsal, namun belum diketahui dengan jelas faktor mana yang lebih berkorelasi dengan performa. Tujuan penelitian ini mencoba untuk menganalisis besarnya korelasi dua faktor psikologis antara self-efficacy dan mental toughness dengan performa atlet futsal. Pendekatan penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif korelasional. Subjek sebanyak tiga puluh atlet futsal amatir dari Suryakancana University (15 pria dan 15 wanita, n=30). Instrumen self-efficacy, mental toughness dan performa menggunakan FSEQ, FMTQ dan FPQ. Analisis data menggunakan IBM SPSS software versi 25 dengan analisis korelasi person product moment dan analisis korelasi ganda. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara self-efficacy dengan performa atlet, terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara mental toughness dengan performa atlet, terdapat korelasi antara self-efficacy dan mental toughness dengan performa atlet dalam kategori tinggi diperoleh (r=0.733, Sig=0.002<0.05). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat korelasi yang tinggi antara self-efficacy dan mental toughness dengan performa atlet futsal. Self-efficacy and mental toughness: Do psychological factors correlate with athlete performance? AbstractPsychological factors have become one of the most important aspects in futsal, however, it is not clear which factors are more correlated with performance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the magnitude of the correlation between two psychological factors between self-efficacy and mental toughness with the performance of futsal athletes. The research approach is quantitative with correlational descriptive methods. Thirty amateur athletes from Suryakancana University (15 men and 15 women, n = 30). Instrumen of self-efficacy, mental toughness and performance using FSEQ, FMTQ and FPQ. Data analysis using IBM SPSS software version 25 with Pearson Product Moment correlation analysis and multiple correlation analysis. The results found that there was a significant correlation between self-efficacy and athlete performance, there is a significant correlation between mental toughness with athlete performance, there is a correlation between self-efficacy and mental toughness with athlete performance in the high category (r=0.733, Sig=0.002<0.05). The conclusion in this study is that there is a high correlation between self-efficacy and mental toughness with the performance of futsal athletes.
Characteristics of the Users of Troubled Desire, a Web-Based Self-management App for Individuals With Sexual Interest in Children: Descriptive Analysis of Self-assessment Data
Authors: Schuler Miriam , Gieseler Hannes , Schweder Katharina W , von Heyden Maximilian , Beier Klaus M 
Published: December 2020

Background
Despite the high prevalence of child sexual offenses and the increasing amounts of available child sexual abuse material, there is a global shortage of preventive interventions focusing on individuals at risk of sexual offending. The web-based app Troubled Desire aims to address this shortage by offering self-assessments and self-management training modules in different languages to individuals with sexual interests in prepubescent and early pubescent children (ie, those with pedophilic and hebephiliac sexual interest, respectively).

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of the users of the Troubled Desire app.

Methods
The fully completed self-assessment data gathered within the first 30 months of this study from October 25, 2017 to April 25, 2020 were investigated. The main outcome measures were (1) sociodemographic information and (2) sexual interests and sexual behaviors of the users of Troubled Desire.

Results
The self-assessment was completed by 4161 users. User accesses were mainly from Germany (2277/4161, 54.7%) and the United States (474/4161, 11.4%). Approximately 78.9% (3281/4161) of the users reported sexual interest in children; these users were significantly more likely to report distress and trouble owing to their sexual interest. Further, child sexual offenses and consumption of child sexual abuse material were significantly more common among users with sexual interest in children than among users with no sexual interest in children. Additionally, the majority of the offenses were not known to legal authorities.

Conclusions
The Troubled Desire app is useful in reaching out to individuals with sexual interest in prepubescent and early pubescent children. However, future research is warranted to understand the prospective relevance of the Troubled Desire app in the prevention of child sexual offending.
Effect of Telemetric Interventions on Glycated Hemoglobin A1c and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Meta-Review
Authors: Eberle Claudia , Stichling Stefanie 
Published: December 2020

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic burden, with a prevalence that is increasing worldwide. Telemetric interventions have attracted great interest and may provide effective new therapeutic approaches for improving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) care.

Objective
The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical effectiveness of telemetric interventions on glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) specifically and T2DM management generally in a systematic meta-review.

Methods
A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science Core Collection, and EMBASE databases from January 2008 to April 2020. Studies that addressed HbA1c, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, BMI, diabetes-related and health-related quality of life, cost-effectiveness, time savings, and the clinical effectiveness of telemetric interventions were analyzed. In total, 73 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 10 systematic reviews/meta-analyses, 9 qualitative studies, 2 cohort studies, 2 nonrandomized controlled studies, 2 observational studies, and 1 noncontrolled intervention study were analyzed.

Results
Overall, 1647 citations were identified. After careful screening, 99 studies (n=15,939 patients; n=82,436 patient cases) were selected by two independent reviewers for inclusion in the review. Telemetric interventions were categorized according to communication channels to health care providers: (1) “real-time video” interventions, (2) “real-time audio” interventions, (3) “asynchronous” interventions, and (4) “combined” interventions. To analyze changes in HbA1c, suitable RCTs were pooled and the average was determined. An HbA1c decrease of –1.15% (95% CI –1.84% to –0.45%), yielding an HbA1c value of 6.95% (SD 0.495), was shown in studies using 6-month “real-time video” interventions.

Conclusions
Telemetric interventions clearly improve HbA1c values in both the short term and the long term and contribute to the effective management of T2DM. More studies need to be done in greater detail.
Classification of the Disposition of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: Reading Discharge Summaries Using Natural Language Processing
Authors: Fernandes Marta , Sun Haoqi , Jain Aayushee , Alabsi Haitham S , Brenner Laura N , Ye Elissa , Ge Wendong , Collens Sarah I , Leone Michael J , Das Sudeshna , Robbins Gregory K , Mukerji Shibani S , Westover M Brandon 
Published: December 2020

Background
Medical notes are a rich source of patient data; however, the nature of unstructured text has largely precluded the use of these data for large retrospective analyses. Transforming clinical text into structured data can enable large-scale research studies with electronic health records (EHR) data. Natural language processing (NLP) can be used for text information retrieval, reducing the need for labor-intensive chart review. Here we present an application of NLP to large-scale analysis of medical records at 2 large hospitals for patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Objective
Our study goal was to develop an NLP pipeline to classify the discharge disposition (home, inpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing inpatient facility [SNIF], and death) of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 based on hospital discharge summary notes.

Methods
Text mining and feature engineering were applied to unstructured text from hospital discharge summaries. The study included patients with COVID-19 discharged from 2 hospitals in the Boston, Massachusetts area (Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women’s Hospital) between March 10, 2020, and June 30, 2020. The data were divided into a training set (70%) and hold-out test set (30%). Discharge summaries were represented as bags-of-words consisting of single words (unigrams), bigrams, and trigrams. The number of features was reduced during training by excluding n-grams that occurred in fewer than 10% of discharge summaries, and further reduced using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regularization while training a multiclass logistic regression model. Model performance was evaluated using the hold-out test set.

Results
The study cohort included 1737 adult patients (median age 61 [SD 18] years; 55% men; 45% White and 16% Black; 14% nonsurvivors and 61% discharged home). The model selected 179 from a vocabulary of 1056 engineered features, consisting of combinations of unigrams, bigrams, and trigrams. The top features contributing most to the classification by the model (for each outcome) were the following: “appointments specialty,” “home health,” and “home care” (home); “intubate” and “ARDS” (inpatient rehabilitation); “service” (SNIF); “brief assessment” and “covid” (death). The model achieved a micro-average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of 0.98 (95% CI 0.97-0.98) and average precision of 0.81 (95% CI 0.75-0.84) in the testing set for prediction of discharge disposition.

Conclusions
A supervised learning–based NLP approach is able to classify the discharge disposition of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. This approach has the potential to accelerate and increase the scale of research on patients’ discharge disposition that is possible with EHR data.
Clinical Performance of a Novel Daily Disposable Soft Contact Lens
Authors: Cummings Stacie , Giedd Bradley , Pearson Christopher 
Published: December 2020

Background and Objective: Verofilcon A (PRECISION1®; Alcon) silicone hydrogel daily disposable contact lenses were designed to address clinical issues associated with new wearer discontinuation, including vision quality, sustained comfort, and ease of handling. The present study assessed the objective and subjective performance of verofilcon A contact lenses in subjects needing optical correction for refractive ametropia.
Material and Methods: Subjects aged 18 years and older with non-diseased eyes, a history of successful soft contact lens wear for distance correction in both eyes during the previous 3 months, and a best spectacle-corrected visual acuity of 20/25 or better with a manifest cylinder of ≤ 0.75 diopters in each eye were recruited. The primary endpoint was distance visual acuity. Secondary endpoints included subjective ratings of overall vision, comfort, and handling, and safety endpoints included adverse events and biomicroscopy/slit lamp examination findings.
Results: This study recruited 70 subjects (140 eyes), aged 20–48 years, who were predominantly white (93%), non-Hispanic/Latino (94%), and female (73%); one subject discontinued due to a change in residence. Of the 140 eyes, 132 (94.3%) had 20/20 or better vision with their habitual contact lenses. Similarly, of the 138 eyes that completed the study, 136 (98.6%) had 20/20 or better vision at dispensation of verofilcon A lenses and 132 (95.7%) had 20/20 or better vision at 3 months. Mean ± SD subjective ratings of overall vision, overall comfort, and overall handling, each on a 10-point scale, were 9.4 ± 0.8, 9.4 ± 0.8, and 9.2 ± 1.3, respectively, at lens dispensing, and 9.4 ± 0.9, 9.5 ± 0.8, and 9.2 ± 1.0, respectively, at 3 months. Mean ± SD daily wear times at 1 week and 3 months were 14.71 ± 1.85 and 15.05 ± 1.27 hours, respectively, with 68.1% at 1 week and 73.9% at 3 months wearing verofilcon A lenses for 14–18 hours per day. None of the subjects experienced a serious adverse event or discontinued lens wear, with biomicroscopy/slit lamp examination showing no evidence of corneal edema or chemosis.
Conclusion: Subjects wearing verofilcon A lenses had visual acuity similar to that when wearing their habitual lens. Verofilcon A lenses were highly rated for vision quality, comfort, and handling. Verofilcon A lenses may be an option for subjects with refractive ametropia who desire lenses that can be worn for >14 hours per day and are easy to handle.
Sindrom Penyakit Tropis sebagai Prediktor Terjadinya Malnutrisi Balita di Daerah Pesisir
Authors: AF Swaidatul Masluhiya , Irma Irma 
Published: December 2020

Masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang cukup seriuspada kelompok usia balita sampai saat ini adalah kejadian malnutrisi, hal iniberdampak pada gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan fisik balita. Malnutrisi juga dapat menyebabkan balita menjadi rentan terhadap penyakit infeksi. Beberapa faktor penyebab malnutrisi diantaranya faktor makanan dan penyakit infeksi yang mungkin diderita anak, faktor ketahanan pangan dikeluarga, pola pengasuhan anak, pelayanan kesehatan dan kesehatan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah sindrom penyakit tropis merupakan prediktor terjadinya gizi kurang pada balita. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan Case Control Study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasangan ibu dan balita yang ada di daerah pesisir kecamatan Nambo Kota Kendari denganteknik simple randam sampling di dapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 164 orang yang terdiri dari dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol dengan perbandingan 1:1. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan uji Chi square pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05) dengan mempertimbangkan nilai Odd Ratio dan nilai Confidence Interval. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sindrom penyakit tropis (diare dengan р-value = 0,001 dan OR = 4,162, batuk – batuk dengan р-value = 0,001 dan OR = 3,552,ISPAnon pneumoni dengan р-value = 0,004 dan OR = 3,003) merupakan faktor prediktor terjadinya malnutrisi pada balita sedangkan infeksi cacing dengan р-value = 0,056 dan OR= 1,773 bukan merupakan faktor prediktor terjadinya malnutrisi pada balita di daerah pesisir Kecamatan Nambo Kota Kendari