bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MRI-guided Radiotherapy Identifies Early Pseudoprogression of Glioblastoma
Authors: Jones Kolton K , Dooley Sarah , Maziero Danilo , Ford John C , Stoyanova Radka , Goryawala Mohammed , Diwanji Tejan , Mellon Eric A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background The standard glioblastoma treatment paradigm consists of surgery, pre-radiotherapy MRI, six weeks of chemoradiotherapy, followed by post-radiotherapy MRI and continued adjuvant temozolomide. In a significant proportion of patients, post-radiotherapy MRI demonstrates tumor enlargement due to either treatment failure (true progression) or treatment response (pseudoprogression). Recently introduced MRI-guided radiotherapy systems obtain daily MRI of glioblastoma patients, and we hypothesized that progression can be identified early during radiotherapy.Methods Fourteen glioblastoma patients underwent tri-Cobalt-60 MRI-guided radiotherapy in 30 fractions over 6 weeks delivered with concurrent temozolomide. The tumor target volume was delineated on MRI before each of the 30 fractions. The images obtained by the 0.35 T MRI-guided system is shown to be similar to T2-weighted images obtained by a clinical diagnostic MRI-scanner. Hyperintense volumes were measured over time through radiotherapy.Results Four of fourteen patients demonstrated increases of at least 25% and 1.5 cc in T2 hyperintense volume through radiation therapy. This volume expansion correlated with both T2/FLAIR and contrast-enhanced volume expansion on post-radiotherapy diagnostic MRIs. In three of four cases, significant volume growth only started at week three of treatment, with the most prominent changes occurring during weeks four and five. While patient numbers are limited, patients with growth during therapy exhibited excellent survival, consistent with the known improved survival of patients with pseudoprogression.Conclusions Daily MRI acquisition during radiotherapy identifies early pseudoprogression typically starting during week 3 or 4 of treatment. This and other daily MRI techniques during radiotherapy could enable early adaptation of therapy in glioblastoma patients.
Clinical and Radiomic Factors for Predicting Invasiveness in Pulmonary Ground-Glass Opacity.
Authors: Dang YT , Wang RT , Qian K , Lu J , Zhang Y 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To identify the invasiveness of pulmonary ground-glass opacity (GGO) by analysing clinical and radiomic features. Materials and methods: Patients with pulmonary GGOs between 2014 and 2019 were included. Clinical features were collected, and radiomic features were extracted from CT data by 3D Slicer software. Predictors of invasiveness of GGO were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn for each prediction model. Results: A total of 195 GGOs were included in this study. Maximum_diameter, CTR and 2 radiomic features were significant predictors of invasive GGOs. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for prediction models of clinical and radiomic features were 0.84 and 0.809, respectively, and the AUC for the combined prediction model was 0.848. Finally, a nomogram was established for individualized invasiveness prediction. Conclusions: The combination of radiomic features with clinical features can enable differentiation between preinvasive and invasive GGOs. Maximum_diameter>1.3 cm, CTR>0.27 and a higher waveletLHLglcmIdmn were significant factors for predicting invasiveness.
Erythropoietin supports the growth and function of Sca-1+ stem cells and promotes myocardial infarction repair in mice
Authors: Zuo Lin , Li Duan-duan , Ma Xiu-Xia , Shi Shan-Hui , Lü Ding-Chao , Jing Shen , Zhang Wei-Fang , Gao Er-he , Cao Ji-min 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background：Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death in the world-wide population. With the improvement of clinical therapy, the mortality in acute MI cases has been significantly reduced. This study was to demonstrate that erythropoietin (EPO) is an effective supporter for Sca-1+ stem cells (SCs) and can promote the repair of myocardial infarction (MI) partially via way of enhancing Sca-1+ SCs activities. Methods: Darbepoetin alpha (a long-acting EPO analog, EPOanlg) (30 mg/kg) was injected into the border zone of MI in adult mice. Infarct size, cardiac remodeling and performance, cardiomyocytes apoptosis and regenerations and microvessels density were measured. Lin− Sca-1+ SCs were isolated from neonatal and adult mice hearts and were respectively used to identify the colony forming ability and the supporting effect of EPO on these Sca-1+ SCs. Results: Compared to MI alone, EPOanlg reduced the infarct percentage and cardiomyocyte apoptosis ratio and LV chamber dilatation, improved cardiac performance, increased the regenerated cardiomyocyte ratio in the border zone and the numbers of coronary microvessels, while without obvious adverse effects in vivo. In vitro, EPO increased the proliferation, migration and clone formation of Lin- Sca-1+ SCs likely via the EPO receptor and Stat5-p38MAPK signaling. Conclusions: EPO promotes Sca-1+ SCs activities and MI repair. The study enlightens the prospects of Sca-1+ SC supporters in the treatment of MI.
New Immunotherapy Biomarker N-Cadherin Rescue Immunosuppress Caused by PD-L1/IDO-1 in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sun Yi , Guo Ju , Reiter Robert E , Xu Huan , Huang Jiao , Wei Qiang , Yang Lu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: N-cadherin is a major regulatory factor of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the association and coordination of EMT and neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) with immunosuppression have been reported in several tumor types. Therefore, we hypothesize that N-cadherin may play vital role in this process. Methods: We performed human tissue studies, cell-level explorations and in vivo experiments to determine the statuses of N-cadherin and immune checkpoint proteins (PD-L1 and IDO-1) to verify the co-expression of these biomarkers. Then, we used tumor-bearing mice to test the treatment effect of N-cadherin deletion. Moreover, the mechanism by which N-cadherin regulates PD-L1/IDO-1 expression was also assessed. Results: According to our data, N-cadherin expression is necessary for PD-L1 expression and dramatically increases the expression of IDO-1 through an IFN- response. On the contrary, IDO-1 and PD-L1 can prompt EMT. N-cadherin knockout completely reverses this process. The core mechanism underlying these phenomena is that N-cadherin causes JAK1 to be re-expressed in cells with genomic JAK1 loss via the active EMT/immunosuppression positive feedback loop. Conclusion: These data indicate that N-cadherin can regulate the EMT/immunosuppression positive feed loop. Preclinical research has shown that N-cadherin deletion promotes the development of antitumor responses by decreasing immunosuppression.
Circ_0001686 Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression by Up-Regulating SMAD3/TGFBR2 via miR-411-5p
Authors: Cai Qiliang , Pan Jiancheng , Liang Enli , Zhang Dingrong , Fang Cheng , Yang Zhizhao , Zhou Xiaodong , Quan Changyi , Xin Zhongcheng , Chen Yegang , Niu Yuanjie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to be the important regulators in cancer progression. However, the role of circRNAs in PCa is yet to be investigated. Therefore, this study focuses on investigating the effect and the underlying molecular mechanisms of hsa_circ_0001686 (circ_0001686) in PCa. Methods: Sample tissues were collected from the PCa patients to carry out the microarray expression profile of the human circRNAs. In addition, the expression levels of circ_0001686, has_miR-411-5p (miR-411-5p), SMAD3, and TGFBR2 were also detected by qRT-RCR. Next, transfection experiments were employed to measure the effect of circ_0001686 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in the PCa cell lines (CWR22RV1and LNCaP). These effects were analyzed using MTT, colony formation, transwell, and scratch wound assays, respectively. The si-circ_0001686 was used as a negative control. Starbase and TargetScan databases were used to predict the putative binding sites among circ_0001686, miR-411-5p, and SMAD3/TGFBR2. The dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to verify these interactions. Furthermore, the levels of SMAD3 and TGFBR2 in CWR22RV1 and LNCaP cells were measured by western blot. Finally, in vivo experiments in the nude mouse model were carried out to strengthen the in vitro findings. Results: The expression of circ_0001686 was markedly up-regulated while the expression of miR-411-5p was down-regulated in PCa cells. Moreover, circ_0001686 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Molecular mechanism exploration revealed that circ_0001686 acts as a sponge of miR-411-5p which affects the downstream target gene SMAD3, and TGFBR2. Both the in vitro and in vivo studies verified that miR-411-5p inhibits cancer growth and metastasis in PCa.Conclusions: The circ_0001686 sequesters miR-411-5p to increase the expression of SMAD3/TGFBR2 which consequently promotes the proliferation, invasion, and migration in PCa cells.
WITHDRAWN: A modified crystal violet assay is comparable to XTT reduction assay for quantification of biofilm formation by Candida albicans
Authors: Qu Yue , Yang Shoufeng , Chen Zhangzhang , Su Feifei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The ability of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans to form biofilms, for example on indwelling medical devices, is a major pathogenic mechanism and has been the focus of intense studies in the fungal pathogenesis field. A key research tool used is the quantitative methods for measuring biofilm formation of C. albicans. Objective: We sought to optimize the conventional crystal violet (CV) staining assay for quantification of biofilm formation by C. albicans and evaluate its performance. Methods: Individual modifications included (i) submerge-washing of microplates to remove non-adherent cells, (ii) heat-fixation, (iii) short-term staining for 3 min, (iv) submerge-washing to remove unbound CV dye, and (v) short-term destaining for 15 min were compared with the standard procedure, and those were superior were incorporated. Performance analysis was carried out for the modified CV assay, in comparison to the conventional CV assay and the XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide] reduction assay. Results: The modified CV assay demonstrated several advantages in quantitative assessment of biofilm formation of C. albicans over the conventional CV assay, including greater accuracy and reproducibility, shorter experimental time and reduced labor intensity, and was at least comparable to the XTT reduction assay.Conclusion: The modified CV method can be used as an alternative to the XTT reduction assay in quantification of biofilm growth by C. albicans.
Age trajectories of disability in instrumental activities of daily living and disability-free life expectancy among middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan: an 11-year longitudinal study
Authors: Liao Wen-Ling , Chang Yu-Hung 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to identify the age trajectories of disability in instrumental activities of daily life (IADLs) over 11 years and their correlates, and to estimate disability-free life expectancy for identified trajectory groups in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
We included 3,118 participants aged 50 and over without IADL limitations at baseline from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study in Aging, followed across 1996–2007. We used group-based trajectory models to identify age trajectories of IADL disability, and multiple logistic regressions to examine their correlates. Sullivan method was used to compute IADL disability-free life expectancy for trajectory groups at different ages.
Results
We identified two trajectories groups: 67.7% of participants classified as the late-onset group and 32.3% as the early-onset group. Female (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.93, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.54, 2.41), not being employed (aOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1,08, 1,56), poor/fair self-rated health (aOR: 1.31, 95% CI:1.09, 1.58), hypertension (aOR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.63), diabetes mellitus (aOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.72, 3.07), arthritis (aOR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.81), stroke (aOR: 2.21, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.70), and one-point increase in a 10-item depression scale (aOR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06) were associated with early-onset of disability, whereas higher education (aOR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.42, 0.81), regular physical activity (aOR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.93), and participating voluntary or club activities (aOR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65, 0.93) related to the late-onset. IADL disability-free life expectancies at 65 years old in the late-onset group were 15.6 years for women and 14.4 for men, respectively, comprising 56.6% and 64.2% of their remaining life, whereas those of the early-onset group were 4.8 and 4.6 years for women and men respectively, comprising 22.5% and 27.2% of remaining life.
Conclusions
Early-onset of IADLs disability may correlate to chronic conditions, and interventions to increase employment, physical activity and social participation are warranted to extend health expectancy.
Long Noncoding RNA ARHGAP5-AS1 Inhibits Migration of Breast Cancer Cell Via Stabilizes SMAD7 Protein
Authors: Wang Chen-Long , Li Jing-Chi , Zhou Ci-Xiang , Ma Cheng-Ning , Wang Di-Fei , Wo Lu-Lu , He Ming , Chen Guo-Qiang , He Jian-Rong , Zhao Qian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumor metastasis is the main cause of death from breast cancer patients and cell migration plays a critical role in metastasis. Recent studies have shown long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an essential role in the initiation and progression of cancer. In the present study, the role of a LncRNA, ARHGAP5-AS1 in breast cancer was investigated. Methods: Bioinformation was analyzed for the expression of ARHGAP5-AS1. qRT-PCR was conducted to verify the expression of ARHGAP5-AS1 in breast cancer specimens. Transwell migration assays and F-actin staining were utilized to estimate cell migration ability. RNA pulldown assays and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to prove the interaction between ARHGAP5-AS1 and SMAD7. Western blot and immunofluorescence imaging were used to examine the protein levels. Dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to evaluate the activation of TGF-β signaling.Results: Compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, the expression of LncRNA ARHGAP5-AS1(NR_027263) was significantly suppressed in its highly metastatic subtype MDA-MB-231-LM2 cells. Functional study showed ARHGAP5-AS1 could inhibit cell migration via suppression of stress fibers in breast cancer cell lines. Afterwards, SMAD7 was further identified to interact with ARHGAP5-AS1 by its PY motif and thus its ubiquitination and degradation was blocked due to reduced interaction with E3 ligase SMURF1 and SMURF2. Moreover, ARHGAP5-AS1 could inhibit TGF-β signaling pathway due to its inhibitory role on SMAD7. Conclusions: Overall, these findings demonstrate that ARHGAP5-AS1 inhibits breast cancer cell migration and could server as a novel biomarker for breast cancer metastasis and a potent target for the treatment in the future.
Age- and sex-transcriptome analysis provide evidences for the sex biases in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases
Authors: Gershoni Moran 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Age and sex were shown to affect the prevalence and the manifestation of many respiratory infectious diseases. These can be attributed to age and sex related alterations in the immune system and in the lung functions. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, epidemiological studies consistently report that age and sex are major risk factors in both morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. Thus, understanding age and sex dependent gene expression in the lung and in the immune system can provide mechanical evidences with respects to sex related higher risk of elderly to develop severe complications in respiratory infectious diseases. In this context, sex- and age- transcriptome analysis from hundreds of lung and blood samples, revealed significant downregulation of the lung surfactant and blood innate immune genes, that occur predominantly in elderly men. Depletion in lung surfactant leads to enhanced injury of alveolar epithelium and fibrotic destruction, and recruitment of the innate immune system is essential to control infection of new pathogens like SARS-CoV-2. Interestingly, surfactant proteins, which protect the lung from infection, are co-produced with the SARS-CoV-2 host receptor- ACE2, by the AT2 cells. Thus, infection by SARS-CoV-2 is expected to lead to decline in AT2 cells and a loss of surfactant proteins, especially in elderly men.
Identification and Diversity of Bacterial Communities Associated with the Venom Glands of the Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Yang Fan , Yu Jinyong , Chen Siqi , Ning Dongdong , Hassan Babar , Xu Yijuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Ant-microbe interactions that naturally occur in the venom microenvironment remain mostly unknown. To best of our knowledge, no research exists that shows the identity and diversity of bacterial communities in the fires ants, and what adaptive advantages that venom-associated microbes might offer to their hosts or that hosts might provide to venom-associated bacteria. This study assessed the diversity and identity of bacteria associated with the venom glands of Solenopsis invicta and compared this community with the bacterial communities of two other stinging ants, Solenopsis geminata and Diacamma rugosum. Results The major phylum associated with the venom glands of S. invicta (workers, alates, and queens) and S. geminata (workers) was Proteobacteria, while Firmicutes were abundant in the venom glands of D. rugosum (workers). Tenericutes were also more abundant in the venom glands of S. invicta queens than in those of workers and alates. The relative abundance of Spiroplasma in S. geminata was significantly higher than those in D. rugosum and S. invicta. A microbial diversity analysis of venom glands of worker ants of Solenopsis species showed that the relative abundances of Bacillus and Lactococcus were higher in Guangxi S. invicta workers than in workers collected from Guangzhou. However, the abundance of Lactococcus in workers of D. rugosum was higher than those in workers of S. geminata from Guangxi and S. invicta collected from Guangzhou. Conclusions This study provides the first insight into the microbiota in the venom glands of S. invicta, S. geminata, and D. rugosum, which might contribute to a more comprehensive view of the role of bacteria in the synthesis or degradation of active venom components in the host. We hypothesized that the differences in bacterial communities of three ant species could be due to the local adaptation of insects along with the coevolution of bacteria and hosts.
Desain Praktek Pengalaman Lapangan Berbasis KKNI Jurusan Bimbingan dan Penyuluhan Islam Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi UIN Walisongo Semarang
Authors: Umriana Anila 
Published: July 2020

<p><em>Abstract</em><br /><em>This article is a result of research with the Developmental Research Approach with the aim to produce the Design of PPL based on KKNI of BPI FDK Department of UIN Walisongo Semarang. The research is devided into two steps, they are pre-development and development. Pre-development consist of the purpose formulating and begining study through need assessment. The development step is conducted by formulating PPL design based on need assessment result. The research restriction is producing prototype product as PPL design with the base of KKNI. The design has two products which has its excellence each. The description of design consists of; definition, purpose, target, time allocation and standard/ criterion. The result of the research is supposed to be the material and suggestion to BPI department in conducting PPL program.</em></p><p><em>Keywords: PPL design, KKNI, BPI</em></p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini merupakan hasil penelitian dengan pendekatan Developmental Research dengan model Borg and Gall yang bertujuan menghasilkan desain Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan (PPL) berbasis KKNI pada Jurusan BPI FDK UIN Walisongo Semarang. Hal ini penting dilakukan mengingat adanya perubahan kurikulum 2010 yang berbasis KTSP menjadi kurikulum 2015 yang berbasis KKNI. Tahapan penelitian terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu pra pengembangan dan pengembangan. Tahap pra pengembangan meliputi perumusan tujuan dan studi pendahuluan melalui need assesment. Tahap pengembangan dilakukan dengan merancang desain PPL berdasarkan hasil need assesment. Pembatasan penelitian ini hanya sampai menghasilkan prototipe produk berupa Desain PPL berbasis KKNI. Desain yang dihasilkan ada dua bentuk, yang memiliki keunggulan masing-masing. Deskripsi desain meliputi; Definisi, Tujuan, Target, Alokasi Waktu, dan Standar/Kriteria. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan sebagai bahan dan masukan bagi Jurusan BPI dalam pelaksanaan program PPL.</p><p>Kata kunci: Desain PPL, KKNI, Jurusan BPI</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Hydrogeochemical assessment of spring water resources around Melamchi, Central Nepal
Authors: Khadka Karishma , Rijal Moti Lal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Groundwater in the hills and mountains is manifested as springs, the major water sources for people in Nepal's mountainous regions. The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonal variations of in-situ groundwater physicochemical parameters, evaluate groundwater hydrochemistry with respect to water types, and identify groundwater chemistry control mechanisms by analyzing spring water. The area's geology is dominated by schist and gneiss. Depression and fracture springs occur widely. The study involved observation of seasonal variations in in-situ physicochemical parameters, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), and temperature, and major ion concentrations – Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3−, Cl−, SO42− – to describe the water's chemical characteristics. The seasonal variations in physicochemical parameters arose mainly from monsoonal precipitation and its interactions with host rocks. Chemical analysis showed that Ca-HCO3 type water dominated, indicating shallow aquifer groundwater processes. The relative abundance of cations was, in order, Ca2+ &gt; Na+ &gt; Mg2+ &gt; K+ and of anions HCO3− &gt; Cl− &gt; SO42−. Lithological contributions from the interactions of rocks with water across spring flow networks were the major mechanisms controlling spring water chemistry.