bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to the Norwegian dietary recommendations in a multi‐ethnic pregnant population prior to being diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Garnweidner‐Holme Lisa , Torheim Liv Elin , Henriksen Lena , Borgen Iren , Holmelid Sigrid , Lukasse Mirjam 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMaternal diet is a modifiable risk factor for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Even though pregnant women are considered to be motivated to eat healthy, previous research found unhealthy eating patterns among some ethnic and lower socio‐economic status groups. This cross‐sectional study assessed adherence to national dietary recommendations prior to GDM diagnosis in a multi‐ethnic population comprising 237 pregnant women. Participants were diagnosed with GDM after performing a two‐hour oral glucose tolerance test ≥ 9 mmol/L. Participants answered a 41‐item Food Frequency Questionnaire about dietary habits prior to being diagnosed with GDM from October 2015 to March 2018. Their scores were based on adherence to the recommended intake in each food group and summed into a Healthy Diet Score (HDS). Results showed low adherence to national dietary recommendations. A significantly higher proportion of non‐native Norwegian‐speaking women had a high HDS compared with native Norwegian‐speaking women. Participants with a normal prepregnancy weight were more likely to have a high HDS compared with overweight or obese participants. Participants showed low adherence to the recommendations for whole grains, vegetables, and fruits and berries, and a relatively low proportion adhered to the recommendations for intakes of fish, red/processed meat, and ready‐made meals. However, the food group intakes varied by country of birth. Given the increase in women with GDM and the emerging evidence that maternal diet is a modifiable risk factor for GDM, effective nutrition communication strategies in antenatal care are urgently needed.
Prognostic significance of MTOR expression in HPV positive and negative head and neck cancers treated by chemoradiation
Authors: Wilson Thomas G. , Hanna Alaa , Recknagel Johnathon , Pruetz Barbara L. , Baschnagel Andrew M. , Wilson George D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) plays a key role in regulating cell growth and metabolism and is commonly overexpressed in head and neck cancer (HNSCC). This study investigated the association of MTOR with clinical outcome in human papilloma virus (HPV) positive and negative HNSCC patients treated by chemoradiation.MethodsA tissue microarray (TMA) consisting of cores from 109 HNSCC patients treated by definitive chemoradiation was constructed and stained with antibodies against p16 and MTOR and expression correlated with clinicopathological features and clinical outcome.ResultsMTOR varied widely between tumor cores and was not associated with HPV status or clinicopathological features. There was a positive correlation with pre‐treatment FDG uptake.(P = .01). In HPV negative patients, MTOR predicted for shorter locoregional control (P = .02), diseases free survival (P = .02), and overall survival (P = .04). MTOR expression was not associated with outcome in HPV positive patients.ConclusionsPrognostic significance of MTOR expression depends on HPV status.
The implications of childcare on grandparents' health self‐management in a Chinese elderly population
Authors: Wang Xiao‐lei , Cheng Jing , Guo Chan‐yuan , Xu Xian‐rong 
Published: October 2019

SummaryGrandparents caring for grandchildren has become a common experience in China. However, the health implications of grandparenting, especially for health self‐management, remain unclear. A cross‐sectional study was conducted to investigate the effects of grandparenting on health self‐management in older adults in China. Information on socioeconomic characteristics, grandparenting, and health self‐management was collected through interviewer‐administered questionnaires.Age less than 50, male gender, higher education level, being a local resident, having a chronic illness, and supporting themselves financially were all factors that were significantly positively associated with health self‐management (P < .05) in grandparents. Grandparenting characteristics, including caring for grandchildren at night, a caregiving burden of more than 50%, poorly behaved grandchildren, caring for grandchildren more than 6 hours per day, and caring for grandchildren less than 1 year in age were significantly negatively associated with health self‐management in grandparents (P < .05). Multiple regression analyses indicated that grandparent age, receiving financial support from children, being a local resident, education level, grandchild behavior and age, and being an urban resident were all statistically significant factors associated with health self‐management in grandparents involved in grandparenting.Taken together, these results suggested that financial condition and caregiving burden might be the major factors affecting health self‐management in grandparents involved in grandparenting.
An approximation technique for solutions of singularly perturbed one‐dimensional convection‐diffusion problem
Authors: Yüzbaşı Şuayip , Karaçayır Murat 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, a weighted residual method is presented in order to numerically solve singularly perturbed one‐dimensional parabolic convection‐diffusion problem. Assuming an approximate polynomial solution of a prescribed degree N, the method uses the set of bivariate monomials whose degrees do not exceed N as the set of base functions. Then, following Galerkin's path, inner product with the base functions are applied to the residual of the approximate solution polynomial. Incorporation of the initial and boundary conditions are ensured by forcing the approximate solution to satisfy these conditions on equidistant collocation points. The solution of the resulting linear system then yields the approximate polynomial solution. Additionally, the technique of residual correction, which aims to increase the accuracy of the approximate solution by estimating its error, is discussed briefly. The Galerkin‐like scheme and the residual correction technique are illustrated with two examples. The obtained results are also compared with other methods presented in the literature.
Separation and determination of ciprofloxacin in seawater, human blood plasma and tablet samples using molecularly imprinted polymer pipette‐tip solid phase extraction and its optimization by response surface methodology
Authors: Hashemi Sayyed Hossein , Ziyaadini Morteza , Kaykhaii Massoud , Jamali Keikha Ahmad , Naruie Nasrin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBy synthesizing a molecular imprinted polymer as an efficient adsorbent, ciprofloxacin was micro‐extracted from seawater, human blood plasma and tablet samples by pipette‐tip micro solid phase extraction and determined spectrophotometrically. Response surface methodology was applied with central composite design to build a model based on factors affecting on microextraction of ciprofloxacin; including volume of eluent solvent, number of extraction cycles, number of elution cycles, and pH of sample. Other factors that affect extraction efficiency, such as type of eluent solvent, volume of sample, type, and amount of salt were optimized with one‐variable‐at‐a‐time method. Under optimum extraction condition, pH of sample solution was 7.0, volume of eluent solvent (methanol) was 200 µL, volume of sample solution was 10 mL, and the number of extraction and elution cycles was five and seven, respectively, amount of Na2SO4 (as salt) and MIP (as sorbent) were optimized at 150 and 2 mg, respectively. The linear range of the suggested method under optimum extraction factors was 5–150 µg/L with a limit of detection of 1.50 µg/L for the analyte. Reproducibility of the method (as relative standard deviation) was better than 7%.
Ontogenic succession of thermokarst thaw ponds is linked to dissolved organic matter quality and microbial degradation potential
Authors: Peura Sari , Wauthy Maxime , Simone Domenico , Eiler Alexander , Einarsdóttir Karólína , Rautio Milla , Bertilsson Stefan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWarming climate is thawing the permafrost in arctic and subarctic regions, leading to formation of thermokarst ponds. During the formation and geomorphological succession of these ponds, carbon that has been trapped in frozen soils for thousands of years is hydrologically mobilized and returned to the active carbon cycle. We sampled 12 thermokarst ponds representing three different stages of pond succession to study the potential of microbial communities to metabolize the organic carbon in the water. We investigated the quality of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the water column based on the spectrophotometric and fluorometric properties of the chromophoric dissolved organic matter combined with parallel factor analysis and the potential of the microbial community for degrading these carbon compounds based on genetic markers related to carbon degradation. Our analysis showed a clear difference in the DOC quality across the different developmental stages. In the younger ponds, organic matter quality suggested that it was originating from the degrading permafrost and in the metagenomes collected from these ponds, the normalized abundance of genes related to degradation of carbon compounds was higher. There was also a shift in the degradation potential in the water column of the ponds, with higher potential for organic matter degradation in deeper, anoxic layers. In conclusion, our results show that the DOC quality and the genetic potential of the microbial community for carbon cycling change across the pond ontogeny, suggesting a capacity of the microbial communities to adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Intraosseous microdialysis for bone free flap monitoring in head and neck reconstructive surgery: A prospective pilot study
Authors: Dakpé Stéphanie , Colin Emilien , Bettoni Jérémie , Davrou Julien , Diouf Momar , Devauchelle Bernard , Testelin Sylvie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough some researchers have positioned microdialysis catheters in the soft tissue surrounding bone, the results did not accurately reflect bone metabolism. The present study's objective was to establish the feasibility of microdialysis with a catheter positioned directly in bone.MethodsThirty‐four patients (19 males, 15 females; median age: 59) were included in a prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery at Amiens‐Picardie University Hospital (Amiens, France). Fibula or iliac crest free flaps were used in reconstructive head and neck surgery (for cancer, osteoradionecrosis, trauma, or ameloblastoma) and monitored with microdialysis catheters positioned in a hole drilled into the bone. Glucose, lactate, pyruvate, and glycerol concentrations were analyzed for 5 days.ResultsAll catheters were positioned successfully, and thrombosis did not occur during the monitoring. In two patients, an increase in the lactate concentration and a glucose level close to 0 were associated with signs of flap necrosis, with removal on Days 9 and 50. In viable flaps, the mean glucose level was 2.02 mmol/L, the mean lactate level was 8.36 mmol/L, and the mean lactate/pyruvate ratio was 53. Forty percent of the glucose values were below 1 mmol/L, and 50% of the lactate/pyruvate ratio values were above 50—suggesting a specific metabolic pattern because these values would be considered as alert values in soft tissue.ConclusionMonitoring bone free flaps with intraosseous microdialysis is feasible. This technique specifically assesses bone viability, and further studies are now necessary to define the alert values in bone.
The Buckwheat Iminosugar d‐Fagomine Attenuates Sucrose‐Induced Steatosis and Hypertension in Rats
Authors: Ramos‐Romero Sara , Hereu Mercè , Atienza Lidia , Amézqueta Susana , Casas Josefina , Muñoz Silvia , Medina Isabel , Miralles‐Pérez Bernat , Romeu Marta , Torres Josep L. 
Published: October 2019

ScopeThis study examines the long‐term functional effects of d‐fagomine on sucrose‐induced factors of metabolic dysfunctions and explores possible molecular mechanisms behind its action.Methods and resultsWistar Kyoto rats are fed a 35% sucrose solution with d‐fagomine (or not, for comparison) or mineral water (controls) for 24 weeks. The following are recorded: body weight; energy intake; glucose tolerance; plasma leptin concentration and lipid profile; populations of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, bacteroidales, clostridiales, enterobacteriales, and Escherichia coli in feces; blood pressure; urine uric acid and F2t isoprostanes (F2‐IsoPs); perigonadal fat deposition; and hepatic histology and diacylglycerols (DAGs) in liver and adipose tissue. d‐Fagomine reduces sucrose‐induced hypertension, urine uric acid and F2‐IsoPs (markers of oxidative stress), steatosis, and liver DAGs, without significantly affecting perigonadal fat deposition, and impaired glucose tolerance. It also promotes excretion of enterobacteriales generated by the dietary intervention.Conclusiond‐fagomine counteracts sucrose‐induced steatosis and hypertension, presumably by reducing the postprandial levels of fructose in the liver.
Association of Obesity Phenotypes with Electrocardiographic Markers of Poor Outcomes in the General Population
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad Imtiaz , Mongraw‐Chaffin Morgana , Lewis Kristina H. , Chen Haiying , Ard Jamy D. , Soliman Elsayed Z. 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and other obesity phenotypes with electrocardiographic (ECG) markers to understand the pathophysiological basis of increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk associated with these phenotypes.MethodsA total of 3,700 participants (58.7 ± 13.6 years, 52% women) without CVD from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) were included. Logistic regression was used to examine the cross‐sectional association between obesity phenotypes (metabolically healthy without obesity [MHNO; reference], metabolically unhealthy without obesity, MHO, and metabolically unhealthy obesity) with ECG markers (PR interval, P‐wave duration, QRS duration, and QT interval).ResultsHigher odds of prolonged PR interval, P‐wave duration, and QRS duration were observed among all phenotypes compared with MHNO, with the highest in participants with obesity with or without metabolic syndrome. However, for QT interval, the trend of association with obesity phenotypes was as follows, from the strongest to the least strong: metabolically unhealthy obesity, metabolically healthy without obesity, and then MHO, compared with MHNO.ConclusionsAn association of obesity phenotypes with ECG abnormalities further raises doubt about the concept of MHO as a healthy state. Variations in associations with ECG markers may suggest that metabolic syndrome and obesity have a different relationship with different CVD outcomes and may explain some of the inconsistent CVD estimates for MHO.
Quantized event‐triggered H∞ control of linear networked systems with time‐varying delays and packet losses
Authors: Soltaninejad Moein , Ghiasi Amir Rikhtehgar , Ghaemi Sehraneh , Bagheri Peyman 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis paper studies the event‐triggered (ET) H∞ control of linear networked systems based on static output‐feedback. An emulation‐based stabilization of the networked system is investigated under the constraints such as (i) quantizations, (ii) network‐induced delays, (iii) external disturbances, and (iv) packet losses. In particular, output measurement and control input quantizations, lower and upper bounds of the network‐induced delays, bounded external disturbances, and packet losses are carefully taken into account. The process of stability analysis has three steps. In the first step, a quantized ET control is defined, and then three sector‐bound methods for logarithmic quantization are formulated. In the second step, the ET‐mechanism is described with an input delay model. Based on the model, for two approaches, namely, switching‐ET and periodic‐ET, the criteria for the exponential stability and L2‐gain analysis of perturbed networked system are established, respectively. In the third step, a constraint for packet loss effect is provided. In summary, the stability analysis is based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) through a Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional method. Finally, the simulation results are given to evaluate the validation of the analysis using two benchmark examples.
Numerical study of the effect of torsional fatigue loading on the energy absorption of composite tubes
Authors: Khomejani‐Farahani Soheil , Haghighi‐Yazdi Mojtaba , Safarabadi Majid 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA three‐dimensional finite element model is developed to predict the effect of torsional fatigue loading on the energy absorption of unidirectional carbon/epoxy (AS4/3501‐6) composite tubes. Progressive fatigue damage model for fatigue loading and progressive failure model for axial velocity impact are implemented separately in the Abaqus software through user subroutine VUMAT. Each model is validated by the experimental data available in literature and good agreement is observed between the simulation results and experimental data. Then, these two models are sequentially applied to the composite tube with three different layups. The tube is first placed under torsional fatigue loading and a number of predefined loading cycles is applied. During this loading, the mechanical properties of the material are degraded based on sudden and gradual material properties degradation rules. Next, the fatigued tube is placed under axial impact loading. The results show that by increasing the number of fatigue cycles, the tube's ability to absorb energy is first reduced uniformly but in a particular cycle, due to the sudden drop in the shear mechanical properties of the material, the amount of energy absorption drops sharply and the tube loses its ability to absorb energy before it's catastrophic fatigue failure.
Effect of diabetes mellitus on voice: a systematic review
Authors: Ravi Rohit , Gunjawate Dhanshree R 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA systematic review of literature was conducted to identify the influence of diabetes mellitus on voice. The search was carried out on PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane databases. Articles that discussed the effect of diabetes mellitus on voice were included in the review. Five studies were found to be suitable for inclusion. There is limited literature available on the effect of diabetes mellitus on voice. The studies pointed to a higher prevalence (12.5%) of voice problems among individuals with diabetes mellitus as compared to the general population, and higher gastro‐oesophageal reflux disorder related symptoms. Further, higher reflux symptom index and voice handicap index scores have been reported in these individuals. The other voice related changes reported across the studies include the presence of laryngeal involvement, hoarseness, and increased strained voice. Even though there is limited literature available, it points towards the presence of voice changes among people with diabetes. This information would help professionals to better counsel and refer patients with diabetes to laryngologists or voice therapists if they complain of voice changes. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons. Practical Diabetes 2019; 36(5): 177–180
Carbon and nitrogen isotopic variability in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) with watering regime
Authors: Lightfoot Emma , Ustunkaya M. Cemre , Przelomska Natalia , O'Connell Tamsin C. , Hunt Harriet V. , Jones Martin K. , Petrie Cameron A. 
Published: October 2019

RationaleCarbonised plant remains are analysed for reconstruction of past climates and agricultural regimes. Several recent studies have used C4 plants to address related questions, and correlations between modern C4 plant δ13C values and rainfall have been found. The millets were important food crops in prehistoric Eurasia, yet little is known about causes of isotopic variation within millet species. Previous research has shown there to be significant isotopic variation between millet accessions. Here we compare isotope ratios from plants grown under different watering regimes. This allows for a consideration of whether or not Setaria italica is a good proxy for environmental reconstruction.MethodsWe compare stable isotope ratios of Setaria italica plants grown in a controlled environment chamber with different watering regimes. We compare the carbon isotope ratios of leaves and grains, and the nitrogen isotope ratios of grains, from 12 accessions of Setaria italica.ResultsWe find significant isotopic variability between watering regimes. Carbon isotope ratios are positively correlated with water availability, and on average vary by 1.9‰ and 1.7‰ for leaves and grains, respectively. Grain nitrogen isotope ratios also vary with watering regime; however, the highest isotope ratios are found with the 130‐mL watering regime.ConclusionsThe carbon isotope ratios of Setaria italica are strongly correlated with water availability. However, the correlation is the opposite to that seen in studies of C3 plants. The difference in isotopic ratio due to watering regime is comparable with that seen between different accessions; thus distinguishing between changing varieties of Setaria italica and changing climate is problematic. In terms of grain nitrogen isotope ratios, the highest δ15N values were not associated with the lowest watering regime. Again, δ15N variation is comparable with that which would be expected from an aridity effect or a manuring effect, and thus distinguishing between these factors is probably problematic.
Radial pole path approach for fast response of affine constrained nonlinear systems with matched uncertainties
Authors: Kaheni Mojtaba , Hadad Zarif Mohammad , Akbarzadeh Kalat Ali , Chisci Luigi 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis article proposes a novel robust feedback linearization control scheme for affine uncertain nonlinear systems subject to matched uncertainties and constraints on the control input. In this method, instead of placing the linearized system poles at exact locations, radial paths in the open left‐hand plane are selected to freely move the poles so as to enhance as much as possible the speed of response while guaranteeing satisfaction of input signal constraints. The stability of our proposed method is analyzed by means of the multivariable circle criterion and the Kalman‐Yakubovich‐Popov lemma. Simulation results demonstrate how the method significantly increases the speed of response compared to fixed pole placements.
Prescribed performance adaptive neural output feedback dynamic surface control for a class of strict‐feedback uncertain nonlinear systems with full state constraints and unmodeled dynamics
Authors: Zhang Jiao‐Jun , Sun Qi‐Ming 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis paper studies the output feedback tracking control problem for a class of strict‐feedback uncertain nonlinear systems with full state constraints and unmodeled dynamics using a prescribed performance adaptive neural dynamic surface control design approach. A nonlinear mapping technique is employed to address the state constraints. Radial basis function neural networks are utilized to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions. The unmodeled dynamics is addressed by introducing an available dynamic signal. Subsequently, we construct the controller and parameter adaptive laws using a backstepping technique. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, it is shown that all signals in the closed‐loop system are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded and that the tracking error always remains within the prescribed performance bound. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.