bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Pleomorphic Disease with Unusual Clinical Presentations - Report of Three Cases
Authors: Chichester Alianne Violet Alves , Dos Reis Ana Luísa Mendes , Castanheira Amanda Teixeira Labelle , Nascimento Carlos Victor Da Silva , Biasi Beatriz Hosana , Lodi Victoria Juliana Campos , Cunha Alyne Condurú dos Santos , Ribeiro Murilo Eduardo Soares , Loureiro Walter Refkalefsky , Palheta Caroline Da Silva Alves , Dos Santos Maria Amélia Lopes , Yassui Edna Aoba , Carneiro Francisca Regina De Oliveira , Pires Carla Andréa Avelar 
Published: January 2020

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an infectious disease caused by a protozoan of the genus Leishmania and is transmitted by the anopheline mosquito. This study focused on describe three cases of atypical clinical presentations on patients with American cutaneous leishmaniasis from Dermatology Department of the State University of the State of Pará.
Methods and Findings: Three patients assisted at a referral service between 2017 and 2019 are reported, based on clinical interview, histopathological analysis and polymerase chain reaction. On the first patient, it was observed keratotic erythematous vegetative plaque measuring 10x8 cm, with satellite lesions, in the left lower limb; the second patient presented an erythematous infiltrated plaque with crusts, on left ear for 6 months, with progressive growth; the third patient showed erythematous infiltrated plaques, sometimes ulcerated, in the trunk and face, with a zosteriform aspect. All three patients had the diagnosis confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and histopathological analysis.
Conclusions: The wide range of clinical manifestations may be related to factors such as: use of immunosuppressive drugs, concomitant infections with more than one variety of Leishmania spp. and association with other systemic diseases, with HIV co-infection and diabetes being the main associated diseases. Thus, it is always necessary to evaluate such comorbidities on patients with leishmaniasis suspection, in order to avoid misdiagnosis.
Sucreries et friandises : quand la gourmandise s’émancipe du péché
Authors: Michel Pearl 
Published: January 2020

Au xix e siècle, et plus particulièrement à partir de 1850, la production sucrière devient moins coûteuse, ce qui facilite l’apparition de toutes sortes de produits dérivés et favorise la consommation de produits sucrés en France, notamment à Paris et en zone urbaine. Aux fêtes religieuses, qui depuis longtemps intégraient friandises et sucreries, vient désormais s’ajouter une consommation plus quotidienne fortement influencée par l’essor de la publicité. Lefèvre-Utile (LU) ou Suchard rivalisent ainsi de créativité dans leurs affiches et emballages, tandis qu’au même moment Poulain cherche à conquérir un nouveau consommateur, l’enfant, et se distingue de ses concurrents en intégrant dans ses tablettes de chocolat de beaux chromos à collectionner. Cet article analyse les évolutions des fonctions symbolique et sociale du sucre, en lien avec les mutations de ses usages.
Le Toast lyrique. Fraternités du toast à la fin du XIX e siècle
Authors: Dupart Dominique 
Published: January 2020

Forme lyrique de circonstance, le toast a connu une grande fécondité au cours du xix e siècle, une fécondité partisane, collective, à visée démocratique ou en support de propagande. Quand les temps démocratiques s’interrompent en 1851, la forme-toast se métamorphose en poème. Peut-être alors, conserve-t-elle en son lieu des traces de sa pratique mondaine et militante révolue comme medium de fraternité, hypothèse qui suppose de relire les toasts de Mallarmé et Verlaine, les variations autour des chansons à boire de Baudelaire, en les inscrivant dans une nouvelle filiation, celle du Chant des ouvriers de Pierre Dupont ou encore du « Toast à la Révolution » écrit par Proudhon à la suite de la révolution de 1848.
NEK2 induces autophagy‐mediated bortezomib resistance by stabilizing Beclin‐1 in multiple myeloma
Authors: Xia Jiliang , He Yanjuan , Meng Bin , Chen Shilian , Zhang Jingyu , Wu Xuan , Zhu Yinghong , Shen Yi , Feng Xiangling , Guan Yongjun , Kuang Chunmei , Guo Jiaojiao , Lei Qian , Wu Yangbowen , An Gang , Li Guancheng , Qiu Lugui , Zhan Fenghuang , Zhou Wen 
Published: January 2020

NEK2 is associated with drug resistance in multiple cancers. Our previous studies indicated that high NEK2 confers inferior survival in multiple myeloma (MM); thus, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which NEK2 induces drug resistance in MM is required. In this study, we discovered that NEK2 enhances MM cell autophagy, and a combination of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) and chemotherapeutic bortezomib (BTZ) significantly prevents NEK2‐induced drug resistance in MM cells. Interestingly, NEK2 was found to bind and stabilize Beclin‐1 protein but did not affect its mRNA expression and phosphorylation. Moreover, autophagy enhanced by NEK2 was significantly prevented by knockdown of Beclin‐1 in MM cells, suggesting that Beclin‐1 mediates NEK2‐induced autophagy. Further studies demonstrated that Beclin‐1 ubiquitination is decreased through NEK2 interaction with USP7. Importantly, knockdown of Beclin‐1 sensitized NEK2‐overexpressing MM cells to BTZ in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we identify a novel mechanism whereby autophagy is activated by the complex of NEK2/USP7/Beclin‐1 in MM cells. Targeting the autophagy signaling pathway may provide a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome NEK2‐induced drug resistance in MM.
Dithieno[3,2‐b:2ʹ,3ʹ‐d]pyrrol‐Fused Asymmetrical Electron Acceptors: A Study into the Effects of Nitrogen‐Functionalization on Reducing Nonradiative Recombination Loss and Dipole Moment on Morphology
Authors: Gao Wei , Liu Tao , Sun Rui , Zhang Guangye , Xiao Yiqun , Ma Ruijie , Zhong Cheng , Lu Xinhui , Min Jie , Yan He , Yang Chuluo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEnergy loss (Eloss) consisting of radiative recombination loss (ΔE1 and ΔE2) and nonradiative recombination loss (ΔE3) is considered as an important factor for organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, two N‐functionalized asymmetrical small molecule acceptors (SMAs), namely N7IT and N8IT are designed and synthesized, to explore the effect of N on reducing Eloss with sulfur (S) as a comparison. N7IT‐based OSCs achieve not only a higher PCE (13.8%), but also a much lower Eloss (0.57 eV) than those of the analogue (a‐IT)‐based OSCs (PCE of 11.5% and Eloss of 0.72 eV), which are mainly attributed to N7IT's significantly enhanced charge carrier density (promoting JSC) and largely suppressed nonradiative Eloss by over 0.1 eV (enhancing VOC). In comparison, N8IT, with an extended π‐conjugated length, shows relatively lower photovoltaic performance than N7IT (but higher than a‐IT) due to the less favorable morphology caused by the excessively large dipole moment of the asymmetrical molecule. Finally, this work sheds light on the structure–property relationship of the N‐functionalization, particularly on its effects on reducing the Eloss, which could inspire the community to design and synthesize more N‐functionalized SMAs.
Estimation of the dominant size enlargement mechanism in spray fluidized bed processes
Authors: Rieck Christian , Bück Andreas , Tsotsas Evangelos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis work deals with estimating the dominant size enlargement mechanism in spray fluidized beds. A new process model is presented, which consists of population balances and a heat‐ and mass‐transfer model. New methods to incorporate the wet surface fraction and the Stokes criterion are proposed, which allow for the probability of wet collisions and the probability of successful wet collisions to be calculated. The product of these parameters, the probability of successful collisions, is linked to the dominant size enlargement mechanism. Simulation studies were performed to investigate the influence of inlet gas temperature, viscosity, droplet size, and contact angle on the probability of successful collisions. Further simulation results based on experiments available in literature suggest that exceeding a probability of successful collisions of 0.001 is sufficient for agglomeration to become dominant. Otherwise, layering will be the dominant size enlargement mechanism. Finally, regime maps of layering and agglomeration are constructed.
A trust‐region framework for integration of design and control
Authors: Rafiei Mina , Ricardez‐Sandoval Luis A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA trust‐region approach is presented to address the simultaneous design and control of large‐scale systems under uncertainty. The key idea is to represent the system using power series expansions (PSEs) as piecewise models in an iterative manner while the validity of those expansions is certified in a trusted region. The mean of squared errors is used as a metric to quantify the accuracy of the PSE approximations. Identified search regions specify the boundaries of the decision variables for the PSE‐based optimization problems. The proposed algorithm shows a significant accomplishment in locating dynamically feasible and near‐optimal design and operating conditions. The proposed approach was tested in a wastewater treatment plant and the Tennessee Eastman process. The results indicate that the proposed methodology leads to more economically attractive and reliable designs while maintaining the dynamic operability of the system in the presence of disturbances and uncertainty.
Inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by silica exposure in crystal craftsmen
Authors: Scalia Carneiro Ana Paula , Algranti Eduardo , Chérot‐Kornobis Nathalie , Silva Bezerra Frank , Tibiriça Bon Ana Maria , Felicidade Tomaz Braz Nayara , Soares Souza Débora Maria , de Paula Costa Guilherme , Bussacos Marco Antônio , de Paula Alves Bezerra Olívia Maria , Talvani André 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundIdentification of biomarkers associated with the diagnosis and prognosis of silicosis would be highly advantageous in the clinical setting. The aim of this study is to evaluate inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in subjects exposed to silica.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of crystal craftsmen currently (n = 34) or formerly (n = 35) exposed and a group of nonexposed subjects (n = 12) was performed. Personal respirable dust samples were collected. Plasma inflammatory mediators (bone morphogenetic protein‐ BMP2 and chemokines CXCL16, and CCL5), oxidative stress enzymes (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARs] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]), and nitrite (NO2−) were analyzed in parallel with nitric oxide in exhaled breath (FeNO).ResultsBeing currently or formerly exposed to silica was related to increased levels of CXCL16 and TBARs. Currently, exposed subjects showed decreased levels of SOD. Thirty‐seven craftsmen with silicosis (26 formerly and 11 currently exposed) showed higher levels of CXCL16, which was positively associated with the radiological severity of silicosis. Compared with the nonexposed, subjects with silicosis had higher levels of TBARs and those with complicated silicosis had lower levels of SOD. In multivariate analysis, higher levels of CXCL16 were associated with exposure status and radiological severity of silicosis. Smoking was not a confounder. FeNO did not distinguish between the exposure status and the presence of silicosis.ConclusionCXCL16 emerged as a potential biomarker that could distinguish both silica exposure and silicosis. TBARs were elevated in exposed individuals. However, their clinical applications demand further investigation in follow‐up studies of representative samples.
Full employment history of Danish firefighters potentially involving additional exposures, 1964‐2015
Authors: Elbæk Pedersen Julie , Ugelvig Petersen Kajsa , Hansen Johnni 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to demonstrate the possibility of using data on full employment history to describe occupational patterns of Danish firefighters that may indicate additional hazards encountered by these workers.MethodsAn established cohort of Danish full‐time and part‐time/volunteer firefighters was used in the study (N = 9952) as well as occupational history covering the period 1964‐2015, which was retrieved from a nationwide pension fund with compulsory membership. The most frequently held employments other than firefighting, together with temporal patterns of these employments, were explored in descriptive analyses.ResultsBesides working in the firefighter service, both full‐time and part‐time/volunteer firefighters had frequently been employed in the military and the police (55% and 38%) and more than 10% of both types of firefighters in a number of blue‐collar jobs, including construction‐related jobs (eg, masonry, joining, carpentry, insulation, and installation), laundry and dry cleaning, the auto industry, and rubber and plastic production. Part‐time/volunteer firefighters had more frequently been employed in the machine industry, fabricated metal production, the wood and furniture industry, and farming. Both types of firefighters were initially employed in other jobs before their employment in firefighting.ConclusionThe cohort of Danish firefighters had frequently been working in other professions potentially exposing them to additional hazardous exposures, and occupational patterns varied by type of firefighter employment. Accounting for full employment history is, for that reason, considered essential when exploring associations between specific professions and health outcomes.
A semi‐quantitative job exposure matrix for dust exposures in Swedish soft tissue paper mills
Authors: Neitzel Richard L. , Andersson Marianne , Lohman Susanna , Sällsten Gerd , Torén Kjell , Andersson Eva 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundTotal paper dust exposure has been associated with respiratory problems among workers in the soft tissue paper industry. However, a comprehensive job exposure matrix (JEM) has not been developed for application to this industry. Our study was intended to address this need and to support further studies of mortality and morbidity in a cohort of Swedish workers from this industry.MethodsWe evaluated four participating soft tissue paper mills in Sweden. We combined information on process and equipment status from the mills with knowledge of the mills obtained through research efforts and paper dust measurements made at all four mills to develop a semi‐quantitative JEM with seven dust exposure levels. The JEM was targeted at workers enrolled into a soft tissue paper mill cohort and working any time between 1960 and 2009.ResultsThe JEM includes a total of 14 421 cells, with each cell corresponding to the exposure for a job title, department, or work location for a one‐year period. Exposure levels in the JEM were estimated to decline at three of the four mills from 1971 to 2009, but overexposures (ie, exceedances of the relevant occupational exposure limits) remained common at the end of the period.ConclusionsThe JEM results highlight the need for ongoing exposure control efforts in the soft tissue paper industry, and will inform ongoing epidemiological studies of the health effects of exposure to paper dust in Sweden. It is freely available for use by other researchers.
Airway abnormalities in very early treated infantile‐onset Pompe disease: A large‐scale survey by flexible bronchoscopy
Authors: Yang Chia‐Feng , Niu Dau‐Ming , Tai Shyh‐Kuan , Wang Ting‐Hao , Su Hsiao‐Ting , Huang Ling‐Yi , Soong Wen‐Jue 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEarly enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) improve long‐term outcomes in patients with infantile‐onset Pompe disease (IOPD). Our cohort of patients with IOPD at Taipei Veterans General Hospital (TVGH) joined Taiwan Pompe newborn screening program from 2008, testing more than one million newborns until 2018. By 2010, we had established rapid diagnostic strategies. Now, the average age of ERT initiation starts at an average age of <10 days‐old, the earliest group in the world. However, they still presented some airway problems. We present a retrospective study focused on airway abnormalities in these patients along 8 years of observation. Fifteen patients with IOPD, who received very early treatment at a mean age of 8.94 ± 3.75 days, underwent flexible bronchoscopy (FB) for dynamic assessment of the whole airway. Long‐term clinical outcomes and relevant symptoms of the upper airway were assessed. All patients in the study had varying degrees of severity of upper airway abnormalities and speech disorders. The three oldest children (Age 94, 93, and 88 months, respectively) had poor movement of the vocal cords with reduced abduction and adduction and had silent aspiration of saliva through the glottis during respiration. This is the largest cohort study presented to date about airway abnormalities in very early treated patients with IOPD patients by FB. Despite very early treatment, we observed upper airway abnormalities in these IOPD patients. In IOPD, upper airway abnormalities seem inevitable over time. We suggest early and continuous monitoring for all IOPD patients, even with early and regular treatment.
Refining critical regions in 15q24 microdeletion syndrome pertaining to autism
Authors: Liu Yi , Zhang Yanqing , Zarrei Mehdi , Dong Rui , Yang Xiaomeng , Zhao Dongmei , Scherer Stephen W. , Gai Zhongtao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChromosome 15q24 microdeletion syndrome is characterized by developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, hearing loss, hypotonia, recurrent infection, and other congenital malformations including microcephaly, scoliosis, joint laxity, digital anomalies, as well as sometimes having autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Here, we report a boy with a 2.58‐Mb de novo deletion at chromosome 15q24. He is diagnosed with ASD and having multiple phenotypes similar to those reported in cases having 15q24 microdeletion syndrome. To delineate the critical genes and region that might be responsible for these phenotypes, we reviewed all previously published cases. We observe a potential minimum critical region of 650 kb (LCR15q24A‐B) affectingNEO1among other genes that might pertinent to individuals with ASD carrying this deletion. In contrast, a previously defined minimum critical region downstream of the 650‐kb interval (LCR15q24B‐D) is more likely associated with the developmental delay, facial dysmorphism, recurrent infection, and other congenital malformations. As a result, the ASD phenotype in this individual is potentially attributed by genes particularlyNEO1within the newly proposed critical region.
Excited‐State Aromaticity of Gold(III) Hexaphyrins and Metalation Effect Investigated by Time‐Resolved Electronic and Vibrational Spectroscopy
Authors: Kim Jinseok , Oh Juwon , Soya Takanori , Yoneda Tomoki , Park Seongchul , Lim Manho , Osuka Atsuhiro , Kim Dongho 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExpanded porphyrins with appropriate metalation provide an excellent opportunity to study excited‐state aromaticity. The coordinated metal allows the excited‐state aromaticity in the triplet state to be detected through the heavy‐atom effect, but other metalation effects on the excited‐state aromaticity were ambiguous. Herein, the excited‐state aromaticity of gold(III) hexaphyrins through the relaxation dynamics was revealed via electronic and vibrational spectroscopy. The SQ states of gold [26]‐ and [28]‐hexaphyrins showed interconvertible absorption and IR spectra with those of counterparts in the ground‐state, indicating aromaticity reversal. Furthermore, while the T1 states of gold [28]‐hexaphyrins also exhibited reversed aromaticity according to Baird's rule, the ligand‐to‐metal charge‐transfer state of gold [26]‐hexaphyrins contributed by the gold metal showed non‐aromatic features arising from the odd‐number of π‐electrons.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Reductive Amination of Diaryl and Sterically Hindered Ketones with Ammonium Salts and H2
Authors: Hu Le' an , Zhang Yao , Zhang Qing‐Wen , Yin Qin , Zhang Xumu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA Ru‐catalyzed direct asymmetric reductive amination of ortho‐OH‐substituted diaryl and sterically hindered ketones with ammonium salts is reported. This method represents a straightforward route toward the synthesis of synthetically useful chiral primary diarylmethylamines and sterically hindered benzylamines (up to 97 % yield, 93–>99 % ee). Elaborations of the chiral amine products into bioactive compounds and a chiral ligand were demonstrated through manipulation of the removable and convertible ‐OH group.
Anchored Mediator Enabling Shuttle‐Free Redox Mediation in Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Ko Youngmin , Park Hyunji , Lee Kyunam , Kim Sung Joo , Park Hyeokjun , Bae Youngjoon , Kim Jihyeon , Park Soo Young , Kwon Ji Eon , Kang Kisuk 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRedox mediators (RMs) are considered an effective countermeasure to reduce the large polarization in lithium‐oxygen batteries. Nevertheless, achieving sufficient enhancement of the cyclability is limited by the trade‐offs of freely mobile RMs, which are beneficial for charge transport but also trigger the shuttling phenomenon. Here, we successfully decoupled the charge‐carrying redox property of RMs and shuttling phenomenon by anchoring the RMs in polymer form, where physical RM migration was replaced by charge transfer along polymer chains. Using PTMA (poly(2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy‐4‐yl methacrylate)) as a polymer model system based on the well‐known RM tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO), it is demonstrated that PTMA can function as stationary RM, preserving the redox activity of TEMPO. The efficiency of RM‐mediated Li2O2 decomposition remains remarkably stable without the consumption of oxidized RMs or degradation of the lithium anode, resulting in an improved performance of the lithium‐oxygen cell.
Is the existence of a mutualistic relationship between Lobesia botrana and Botrytis cinerea well‐founded?
Authors: Kiaeian Moosavi Fatemeh , Cargnus Elena , Torelli Emanuela , Bortolomeazzi Renzo , Zandigiacomo Pietro , Pavan Francesco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSome studies have highlighted benefits for Lobesia botrana by adding Botrytis cinerea mycelium to an artificial larval diet and have suggested a mutualistic relationship between the two organisms on grapevine, hypothesizing that fungal sterols were the nutritional factor involved. Because the nutritional quality of an artificial diet should be similar to grapes to allow extrapolation of the results to the field conditions, in the current study L. botrana larval performance was compared when larvae were fed on grapes (berries) or two artificial diets either with or without enrichment with B. cinerea. Based on sterol analysis, the two artificial diets had high cholesterol content, but relative to berries showed comparable and low phytosterol contents, respectively (high‐ and low‐phytosterol, HPh, and LPh). While larval fitness on the HPh diet was similar to berries, the LPh diet led to higher mortality and worse larval performance. The addition of the fungus compensated for the shortage in the LPh diet but did not improve the HPh diet. Supplementing the LPh diet with linoleic acid, which is supplied also from B. cinerea, partially improved larval performance. In a field experiment, females did not show any egg‐laying preferences towards naturally botrytized bunches. The positive effect of B. cinerea on the moth's next generation that is reported in the literature could be a consequence of fungus developed inside berry tunnels bored by larvae. Therefore, based on our data and previous reports the existence of a mutualistic relationship between L. botrana and B. cinerea is not well‐founded.