bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Pharmacological Activities of Lupeol and its Triterpene Derivatives
Authors: Sharma Nitika , Palia Priyankul , Chaudhary Amit , Shalini , , Verma Kritika , Kumar Inder 
Published: September 2020

Lupeol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid commonly distributed in the plant kingdom and is found in edible fruits and vegetables. It is a naturally occurring triterpene that is used to reduce the inflammatory responses and also have immunomodulating properties. Lupeol and its derivatives have a great potential to act as an anti- inﬂammatory, anti-microbial, anti-proliferative, anti-invasive, anti-angiogenic, anti-protozoal, and cholesterol-lowering agent. Various studies have shown that anti-inflammatory activity of lupeol through the modulation of p-38 pathways inhibits neuroinflammation in the cerebellum and induces neuroprotection. It has been also found effective on lung cancer (i.e A427 cancer cells and normal MRC-5 cells). Observation of inhibiting the growth of lung cancer cells is checked by MTT assay. Lupeol and its ester lupeol linoleate have been used to reduce the levels of hypercholesterolemia in the rats and decrease the activities of such enzymes namely Na+, K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Mg2+. Lupeol also decreases the levels of calcium-oxalate and has cytoprotective action against free-radical-induced damage and also decreases the level of cadmium in the kidney.
Keywords: Lupeol, anti- inﬂammatory, anti-protozoal, triterpenoids
Drug Utilization Study on Oral Contraceptives provided from Social Security, Buenos Aires-Argentina: Risk and cost analysis according to the type of combination used
Authors: Marin Lupe , Blanco Luis , Marin Gina , Agüero Sergio , Pagnotta Mariana , Marin Gustavo H. 
Published: September 2020

Oral contraceptive pill is the most prescribed option to avoid birth-rate around the world. It is a combination of estrogens/progestin. Unfortunately, new combinations raise the risk of thrombosis. To determine the prescription profile and the incidence of thrombotic events associated to oral contraceptive use, we developed the present study. Method: It is a drug utilization study among beneficiaries of Buenos Aires Social Security Organization. Variables studied were age, sex, combination consumed, doses, co-morbidities, thrombotic events.Results: 69,653 women were enrolled in the study. 66,043 of them (94.84%) used new progestogen generation combination (desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone,) while 3610 (5.18%) used either levonorgestrel or norgestrel as progestin. The number of thrombotic events (either depth vein thrombosis of lower limbs, thromboembolism or arterial thrombosis) was 77 (75 with new progestin and 2 using 1st/2nd generation options). Adjusting these values to 100,000 users; the occurrence of thrombotic events were doubled with new generation progestins when compared to older options. The price of the new generation combinations were 10.2 times more expensive that the safer ones. Conclusion: Among the beneficiaries of Buenos Aires State Social Security, the users of oral contraceptives with new generation progestin denote a greater risk of thrombotic events when compared with users of levonorgestrel or norgestrel. Public reproductive health policies that provide contraceptives to the population are crucial in guaranteeing rights such as avoiding unwanted pregnancies and reproductive planning. However, the combinations provided should not expose population to additional and unnecessary risks.
Keywords: oral contraceptives, thrombosis, progestin, risk, public health
The therapeutic effect of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil against hepatotoxicity induced by co-exposure to lead and manganese in developing Wistar rats
Authors: Adli Djallal Eddine Houari , Brahmi Mostapha , Kahloula Khaled , Arabi Wafaa , Bouzouira Bakhta , Talatizi Mustapha , Slimani Miloud 
Published: September 2020

The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (CCEO) on hepatotoxicity induced by co-exposure to lead acetate (Pb) (2.84mg/ml) and manganese chloride (Mn) (4.79mg/ml) in developing Wistar rats. After weaning, rats exposed to Pb-Mn received injections of Cinnamomum cassia essential oil (0.1 ml/kg) for 21 days. Extraction by hydrodistillation yielded 1.10% of OECC and the characterization of this oil by GC-MS indicates that the major components of this oil are: E-cinnamaldehyde (85.77%), linalool (3.70%), Z-cinnamaldehyde (3.22%) and B-phellandréne (1.19%). The concentration of lead and manganese in hepatocyte tissues was significantly increased compared to control rats. However, levels of hepatic markers such as Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly increased in blood in Pb-Mn poisoned rats. Pb-Mn-induced oxidative stress in liver tissue was indicated by decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase respectively. Histologically, the liver showed several tissue alterations such as hepatocyte necrosis and the presence of steatosis foci. Administration of OECC considerably attenuated previous biochemical alterations as well as histological and cellular changes in liver tissue. In this study, we can conclude that the Cinnamomum cassia essential oil showed a hepatoprotective effect.
Keywords: Essential oil, Cinnamomum cassia, CG/MS, Hepatotoxicity, Lead acetate, Manganese chloride.
Screening of Aerial Parts of Kigelia Pinnata for its Antioxidant, Wound Healing and Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: Kaushik Prashant , Shrivastava Vishal , Mehata Parul , Rai Janki Prasad 
Published: September 2020

The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH Scavenging activity method and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity method. Ascorbic acid was taken as standard in both methods. DPPH and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity methods of 100µg/ml extracts shows better % inhibition as compared to control and 50 µg/ml extracts. In DPPH Scavenging activity % inhibition of 100µg/ml methanolic extracts was 60.72% and in Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity it was found to be 26%. Wound healing activity was performed by Incision wound model and Excision wound model. In incision wound healing model, the tensile strength of the 4% test group and the Neosporin ointment treated group were comparable to each other. Tensile strength of 2% extract ointment showed lesser 3.38 gm/mm2 but significant increase in tensile strength compared to the control group 2.91 gm/mm2. The tensile strength of 4% test group was found to be 3.44 gm/mm2. Thus both concentrations of the extract as well as the standard drug showed a significant increase in tensile strength on the 9th day. In excision models the animals treated with the 4% w/w KPME ointment were shown to healed completely as compared to 2%w/w which was also at the complete healing stage as compared to control treated and the standard drug (Neosporin) treated group. The epithelization period of standard group and treated group was less in comparison with that of simple ointment base treated groups. The percentage of wound contraction was much more with the 4% w/w extract was similar to that of Neosporin treated group. 2%w/w treated group of animals showed significant wound contraction. In antimicrobial activity, both antibacterial and antifungal potentiality was evaluated. In mic of antibacterial methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnta inhibit strains of E.coli and strain of Shigella boyelii, Salmonella aureus and Baccilus subtitis were found to be completely resistant. In mic of antifugal activity, all the fungal strain were inhibited by methanolic extract of Kigelia pinnata. These findings may provide a lead for further investigation of the overall pharmacological aciotns of Kigelia pinnata methanolic extract in more appropriate model.
Keywords: Kigelia pinnata, DPPH, Anti-oxidant, DMSO, ANOVA
A Review on Hair Growth Regulator
Authors: Bharti Manu , Shrivastav Alankar , Abid M. , Khan Najam Ali 
Published: September 2020

This review presents an overview on plants identified to possess hair growth activity in various ethno-botanical studies and surveys of tradition medicinal plants. There are various causes for hair loss and the phenomenon is still not fully understood. The treatments offered include both natural or synthetic products to treat the condition of hair loss (alopecia), nonetheless natural products are continuously gaining popularity mainly due to their fewer side effects and better formulation strategies for natural product extracts. Plants have been widely used for hair growth promotion since ancient times as reported in Ayurveda, Chinese and Unani systems of medicine. This review covers information about different herbs and herbal formulation that are believed to be able to reduce the rate of hair loss and at the same time stimulate new hair growth. A focus is placed on their mechanism of action and the review also covers various isolated phytoconstituents possessing hair growth promoting effect.
Keywords: Alopecia, ayurveda, hair, herbal formulation.
Effectiveness of Unani regimen in management of over active bladder: An open labelled, single arm clinical study
Authors: Urooj Shaista , Shah Arjumand , Huma , , Shah Kauncer , Ara Nighat , Goswami Anirban , Sultana Salma , Rej Anirban , Jahangir Umar 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: To study the efficacy of Unani pharmacopoeial formulations viz Jawarish Zarooni, Majoon Kundur and Arq e Badiyaan as a treatment regimen in patients of overactive bladder and evaluate its effect on their quality of life.
Materials and Method: This open labeled, single arm clinical study was conducted at Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine (RRIUM), Srinagar. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study after signing the informed consent form. Jawarish Zarooni and Arq e Badiyaan were prescribed orally in the dosage of 7g and 30 ml respectively twice a day along with 7g single oral dose of Majoon Kundur. The duration of treatment was for 82 days. The patients were followed up on first, fourth, eighth and twelfth week. The results were expressed as Mean ± SEM. Symptomatic relief was assessed as percentage change in terms of presence of any symptom at baseline and at 82nd day.
Results: Of the 36 patients enrolled 31 patients completed the study. The study demonstrated highly significant results (p<0.001) for nocturia and QOL as measured by patients perception of bladder control (PPBC), urinary incontinence and daytime micturation whereas very significant results were observed (p<0.01) for urgency.
Conclusions: The Unani regimen was highly effective in managing the symptoms of OAB as the regimen has an array of phyto-constituents which demonstrated muscuranic antagonism, Ca2+ channel blocking, K channel opening, neuro-protection, neuro-toning and anxiety relieving properties. About 50% of the ingredients of the regimen were Ca2+ blockers. The synergism of these phyto-constituents probably made Ca2+ blockers effective in OAB.
Keywords: Over Active Bladder, Ca2+ blocker, antimuscuranics
Women Emancipation and Empowerment in The Incredibles 1 and 2
Authors: Putri Larisa Indriani , Handayani Lucia Lusi Ani 
Published: September 2020

Movies represent women differently from men. Some try to raise women’s dignity, and some still impose traditional values on them. This paper studies the representation of the characters of female superhero in The Incredibles 1 and 2 which seem to support women’s emancipation. However, there are some ideas conveyed through the mise- en-scéne which still indicate that the movie series do not fully emancipate women. The Incredibles 1 and 2 movie series have been chosen as the object of the study for their typical characteristics when female superhero plays the role. The purpose of this paper is to examine how women are represented through visuals and character roles in The Incredibles 1 and 2. The movies were analyzed through a critical discourse approach. The analysis focused on the language beyond sentences and aspects outside the language, such as power relation, social context, and ideology. The result of the analysis shows that the female character in the movies still upholds traditional values, such as male domination, revealing that these movies are not emancipatory for women. Moreover, women are still degraded and objectified through their body. Therefore, these movies can be seen as a form of pseudo-empowerment, where something is seen as empowering but actually it is not. Emansipasi dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Film Incredibles 1 dan 2. Film menggambarkan perempuan dan laki-laki dengan cara yang berbeda. Sebagian mencoba untuk menaikkan derajat perempuan, dan sebagian masih menyajikan nilai- nilai tradisional. Artikel ini meneliti representasi karakter perempuan utama pada film The Incredibles 1 dan 2 yang terlihat mendukung emansipasi perempuan melalui karakter superhero. Namun, terdapat gagasan yang menunjukkan bahwa kedua film ini tidak sepenuhnya mengemansipasi perempuan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana perempuan digambarkan melalui visual dan peran pada setiap karakter di The Incredibles 1 dan 2. Kedua film ini dianalisa menggunakan pendekatan analisis wacana. Analisis dilakukan pada tingkat bahasa yang digunakan yang tidak terbatas pada kalimat dan aspek-aspek di luar bahasa, seperti hubungan kekuasaan, konteks social, dan ideologi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa karakter perempuan pada kedua film ini masih menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai tradisional, seperti dominasi oleh laki-laki. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa film-film ini tidak merepresentasikan kebebasan pada perempuan. Lebih lagi, melalui tubuhnya, perempuan masih terlihat direndahkan dan dijadikan sebagai objek. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa film-film ini merupakan suatu pseudo-empowerment, yaitu ketika sesuatu terlihat seperti memberikan kebebasan namun dalam kenyataanya tidak sama sekali.
Pengeluaran Pemerintah Sektor Pertanian, Pproduksi dan Kemiskinan Pedesaan di Indonesia
Authors: Kharisma Bayu 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRAK
Sektor pertanian memiliki peran penting dalam pembangunan ekonomi dan pengentasan kemiskinan karena penduduk miskin terkonsentrasi pada mata pencaharian sektor pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah sektor pertanian terhadap produksi pertanian dan pengurangan kemiskinan di pedesaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah panel simultan Random Effect yang mengobservasi 32 provinsi pada periode tahun 2014 hingga tahun 2017 dan menggunakan estimasi model Two Stage Least Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah melalui peningkatan panjang kualitas jalan, pupuk subsidi, alat & mesin pertanian berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan produksi pertanian, sedangkan produksi pertanian tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengurangan kemiskinan pedesaan, namun produktivitas pertanian, pendapatan dan nilai tukar petani dapat mengurangi kemiskinan pedesaan secara signfikan.
Kata kunci : pengeluaran pemerintah, produksi pertanian, kemiskinan pedesaan, pengurangan kemiskinan
Analisis Pengaruh Substitusi Tenaga Kerja Asing Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Domestik Pada Masa Sebelum dan Sesudah Kebijakan Bebas Visa Kunjungan Di Indonesia
Authors: Samputra Palupi Lindiasari 
Published: September 2020

Penerapan kebijakan bebas visa kunjungan Indonesia bertujuan untuk memberikan peningkatan pada sektor pariwisata dengan masuknya wisatawan asing. Peningkatan jumlah wisatawan asing memiliki dampak kehadiran investasi asing langsung (FDI) dan peningkatan jumlah tenaga kerja asing, yang dampak tersebut dapat memberikan peluang dan ancaman terhadap jumlah tenaga kerja domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan Bebas Visa Kunjungan (BVK), Tenaga Kerja Asing, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) dan Upah, terhadap Tenaga Kerja Domestik. Teori yang digunakan adalah pasar tenaga kerja, teori pertumbuhan ekonomi model solow dan faktor produksi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data panel dan alat analisis menggunakan eviews 9. Data bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan, Badan Penanaman Modal dan Direktorat Jenderal Imigrasi. Data time series yang digunakan dari tahun 2011-2018, sedangkan data cross section menggunakan jenis pekerjaan per sektor, yaitu : 1) Pertanian, Kehutanan, Perkebunan Dan Perikanan 2) Pertambangan Dan Penggalian 3) Industri 4) Konstruksi 5) Perdagangan 6) Transportasi Dan Pergudangan 7) Informasi Dan Komunikasi 8) Jasa Kesehatan. Hasil penelitian ini secara statistik menunjukan Kebijakan BVK, Tenaga Kerja Asing dan Upah memiliki pengaruh komplemen terhadap tenaga kerja domestik dengan ditunjukkan nilai koefisien positif dan signifikan. Variabel upah merupakan variabel paling besar pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatan tenaga kerja domestik. Sedangkan variabel FDI memiliki pengaruh substitusi terhadap tenaga kerja domestik dengan ditunjukkan nilai koefisien negatif namun tidak signifikan. Perlu penguatan kebijakan atas persyaratan investasi asing untuk mengantisipasi masuknya tenaga asing illegal yang berpotensi menjadi factor substitusi tenaga kerja domestic.
Quan hệ giữa phụ thuộc hàm nới lỏng và phụ thuộc Boole dương tổng quát
Authors: Nguyen Thi Van 
Published: September 2020

Tóm tắt: Mục đích chính của bài báo là khảo sát và đặc tả các biến thể khác nhau của phụ thuộc Boole dương tổng quát. Tìm ra một đặc tả cho phụ thuộc nới lỏng tổng quát và chỉ ra rằng phụ thuộc nới lỏng nói chung và phụ thuộc hàm nới lỏng nói riêng chỉ là những trường hợp riêng của phụ thuộc Boole dương tổng quát.
Kết quả này được dùng làm cơ sở để xây dựng mô hình tổng quát về các lớp phụ thuộc khác nhau trong khai thác tri thức bằng các công cụ AI và học sâu.
Abstract: The main purpose in this paper is studying and descripting the variety of the generalized positive Boolean dependencies. A class of genneralized relaxed dependencies is introduced and pointed out that this class and class of relaxed functional dependencies are partial of the generalized positive Boolean dependencies.
The result can be used to construct a model of different dependencies for knowledge mining with the AI approach and deep learning.
Oddział Starych Druków Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Warszawie 1949-1977
Authors: Niklewiczówna Krystyna 
Published: September 2020

Artykuł przedstawia zadania i organizację Oddziału Starych Druków Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Warszawie (BUW) wyodrębnionego w 1949 r. zezbiorem druków z XV-XVIII w.,magazynami oraz pracownią, inwentarzem, katalogiem, księgozbiorem podręcznym i czytelnią od 1959 r. mieszczącymi się w Pałacu Potockich. Początkowo do głównych zadań placówki należało: oczyszczenie, uporządkowanie, zewidencjonowanie jej zasobu oraz pozyskanie wykwalifikowanej kadry. Z czasem zintensyfikowano konserwację, opracowanie i poszerzono udostępnianie zbiorów oraz podjęto działalność dydaktyczną, naukową i wydawniczą. Podjęto studia proweniencyjne nad zasobem składającym się m.in. z fragmentów kolekcji: pokościelnych i poklasztornych; królewskich; osób znanych i zasłużonych dla polskiej kultury i nauki; osobistości związanych z Warszawą; dawnej Biblioteki Załuskich oraz kolekcji warszawskiego Synodu Ewangelicko-Reformowanego. Autorka oszacowała liczebność zbiorów na ok. 107 274 woluminów. Do tekstu głównego dołączyła wykaz pracowników etatowych; schemat układu działowego księgozbioru podręcznego; wykaz ważniejszych prac i wydarzeń oraz wykaz katalogów i kartotek Oddziału, a także ilustracje znaków własnościowych BUW.
POSTURAL SWAY IN LOWER EXTREMITY AMPUTEES AND OLDER ADULTS MAY SUGGEST INCREASED FALL RISK IN AMPUTEES
Authors: Bateni Hamid 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND: Falls can be detrimental to overall health and quality of life for lower extremity amputees. Most previous studies of postural steadiness focus on quantification of time series variables extracted from postural sway signals. While it has been suggested that frequency domain variables can provide more valuable information, few current studies have evaluated postural sway in amputees using frequency domain variables.
OBJECTIVE: To determine time and frequency domain variables of postural sway among lower extremity amputees vs. healthy young and older adult controls.
METHODOLOGY: Participants were assigned to 3 groups: lower extremity amputation (n=6), healthy young adults (n=10), and healthy older adults (n=10). Standing barefoot on a force platform, each individual completed 3 trials of each of 3 standing conditions: eyes open, eyes closed, and standing on a foam balance pad. Time and frequency domain variables of postural sway were computed and analyzed.
RESULTS: Comparison of older adults, younger adults, and amputees on the three conditions of standing eyes open, eyes closed, and on foam revealed significant differences between groups. Mean mediolateral (ML) sway distance from the center of pressure (COP), total excursions and sway velocity was significantly higher for amputees and older adults when compared to young adults (p<0.05). Furthermore, power of sway signal was substantially lower for both amputees and older adults. When compared to that of older adults, postural steadiness of amputees was more affected by the eyes closed condition, whereas older adults’ was more affected when sensory and proprioceptive information was perturbed by standing on foam.
CONCLUSION: Our findings showed that fall risk is greater in amputees than in young adults without amputation. Additionally, amputees may rely more heavily on visual information than proprioceptive information for balance, in contrast to older and young adults without amputation.
Layman's Abstract
Falls can be detrimental to overall health and quality of life for lower extremity amputees. We evaluated postural sway and concluded that amputees have an increased fall risk and may rely more heavily on visual information for balance than do individuals without amputation.
Article PDF Link:https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/33804/26600
How To Cite: Bateni H. Postural sway in lower extremity amputees and older adults may suggest increased fall risk in amputees. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. 2020;Volume 3, Issue 2, No.4. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v3i2.33804
Corresponding Author: Hamid Bateni, PhD Physical Therapy Program, School of Allied Health and Communicative Disorders, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA.E-mail: hbateni@niu.eduORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9083-1817