bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chicago sky blue 6B (CSB6B), an allosteric inhibitor of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), suppresses osteoclastogenesis and promotes osteogenesis through the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Authors: Jin Kangtao , Zheng Lin , Xie Ziang , Ye Lin , Gao Jiawei , Lou Chao , Pan Wenzheng , Pan Bin , Liu Shijie , Chen Zhenzhong , He Dengwei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background： Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory mediator involved in various pathophysiological and inflammatory states.Accumulating line of evidence suggests a role for MIF in regulating bone metabolism and therefore a prime candidate for therapeutic targeting. In this study, we showed that Chicago sky blue 6B (CSB6B), an unique allosteric inhibitor of MIF catalytic and cytokine activity, suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast and promotes osteogenesis in vitro via the inhibition of NF-κB signaling activationMethods: We examined the effects of CSB6B on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption and the bone formation ability of osteoblasts in vitro . The effect of CSB6B on the NF-κB pathway was subsequently detected using western blotting and Co-IP. Finally, the model of mouse skull dissolution and ovarian severing were modeled and intraperitoneally injected with different doses of CSB6B to observe the anti-osteolytic and anti-osteoporosis effects of the drug in vivo.Results: In this study, we showed that Chicago sky blue 6B (CSB6B) suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast and bone resorption in vitro via the inhibition of NF-κB signaling activation and promoting proteasome-mediated degradation of MIF. Consequently, the induction of NFATc1 was impaired resulting in downregulation of NFATc1-responsive osteoclast genes. We also demonstrated that CSB6B treatment enhanced primary calvarial osteoblast differentiation and bone mineralization in vitro via the suppression of NF-κB activation and upregulation of Runx expression. Using two murine models of osteolytic bone disorders, we further showed that administration of CSB6B protected mice against pathological inflammatoryc calvarial bone destruction induced by titanium particles mice as well as estrogen-deficiency induced bone loss as a result of ovariectomy.Conclusion: Together, as an MIF inhibitor, CSB6B can inhibit osteoclast differentiation and absorption function and enhance the mineralization of osteoblasts through the inhibition of NF-κB pathway. MIF is a prime target for therapeutic targeting for the treatment of osteolytic bone disorders and the MIF inhibitor CSB6B could be potential anti-osteoporosis drug.
Evaluation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 as Biomarkers in Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction in Children- a preliminary report
Authors: Xie Chong , Liu Xuan , Qin Shuangli , Zhou Ling , Yu Liang , Liu Yanfang , Li Shuixue 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

In children with congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO), Urinary biomarker may provide understanding of the health of the kidney, the need to intervene surgically, and the expected response and recoverability of the kidney following successful surgery. We evaluate whether the urinary matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) might be served as biomarkers in UPJO patients.
Methods

In this study, 24 unilateral UPJO patients and 16 healthy childrens were enrolled. Of which, 20 patients underwent 99mTc-DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic Acid) renal dynamic imaging. And 16 patients underwent pyeloplasty and 8 others were followed. Postoperative follow-ups included ultrasonography, as well as MMP-7 and MMP-9 levels in urine, six months and one year after pyeloplasty. Study population was divided in 4 categories according to Society of Fetal Urology classification. For DTPA we subdivided the UPJO patients in 2 groups, obstructive (T 1/2 more than 20 min) and partial obstructive (T 1/2 less than 20 min). Quantitative urine protein analysis was performed and urinary creatinine levels were used to normalize protein levels for the markers analyzed.
Results

The results showed Creatinine-normalized urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 proteins were higher in patients with UPJO compared to healthy control subjects(P༜0.05). Moreover, urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 proteins in operation group were higher than non-operation group. Studies revealed that normalized urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 proteins in obstruction group were higher than partial obstruction group, although this differences were not statistically significant(P༞0.05). No significant differences in the Creatinine-normalized urinary levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in different degrees of hydronephrosis (P༞0.05). And normalized MMP-7 and MMP-9 levels were not correlated with the glomerular filtration rate of affected side(r = -0.128, P = 0.592; r = -0.157, P = 0.507).
Conclusions

Compared to control group, the levels of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in urine of unilateral UPJO patients are significantly elevated, and they can potentially be used as determining indices for surgical plan. Although preliminary results indicate no significant correlation between them and clinical parameters, they would be potential biomarkers for UPJO.
A parental educational intervention to facilitate informed consent for pediatric procedural sedation in the emergency department: a parallel group randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Yen-Ko , Yeh Yung-Sung , Chen Chao-Wen , Lee Wei-Che , Lin Chia-Ju , Kuo Liang-Chi , Shi Leiyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Obtaining valid parental informed consent for pediatric procedures in the emergency department (ED) is challenging. This study compared a video-assisted informed consent intervention with conventional consent discussion to inform parents about pediatric procedural sedation in the ED.
Methods

A video-assisted informed consent intervention was developed to explain the process, benefits, risks, and alternatives of pediatric procedural sedation. A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted with a convenience sample of parents of children recommended for procedural sedation for facial laceration in the ED. Intervention group participants watched the video. Control group participants received information from physicians during conventional discussion. Participants completed pre- and post-education knowledge tests and rated their satisfaction with the informed consent process. The primary outcome was efficacy of the video intervention compared with conventional discussion. Secondary outcomes were parental satisfaction and consent refusal. A covariate-controlled multivariable regression model was used to analyze between-group differences in knowledge and satisfaction.
Results

There were 32 participants in the intervention group and 30 in the control group. Mean knowledge scores were higher in the intervention group (91.67 ± [standard deviation] 12.70) than in the control group (73.33 ± 19.86). The intervention group showed significantly greater knowledge score differences (coefficient: 18.931, 95% confidence interval: 11.146–26.716). Intervention group participants showed greater satisfaction than control group participants.
Conclusions

Video-assisted informed consent was superior to conventional discussion for informing parents during an ED informed consent process. Video-assisted informed consent may improve parents’ understanding of pediatric procedural sedation and satisfaction with the informed consent process in the ED. Institutions should develop structured methods and strategies to better inform parents, facilitate treatment decisions, and improve parent satisfaction in the ED.
Trial registration:

The ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier is NCT01850329. Registered 9 May, 2013 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT01850329
Asperosaponin VI promotes human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into nucleus pulposus like- cells via up-regulation of ERK1/2 and Smad2/3 signaling pathways.
Authors: Niu Yong-Tao , Xie Lin , Deng Rong-Rong , Zhang Xiao-Yu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

At present, the regeneration of nucleus pulposus cells is an effective method to prevent intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). In this study, we investigated the role of Asperosaponin VI (ASA VI), isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the root of Dipsacus asper Wall, in promoting human mesenchymal stem cell (HMSC) proliferation and differentiation into nucleus pulposus like-cells and explored its possible mechanism of action.
Methods

First, the effects of ASA VI on HMSC vitality and proliferation were determined by the XTT method and EDU staining. Then, HMSCs were cultured with ASA VI. Real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to measure the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components in nucleus pulposus cells, such as type II collagen(COL2A1), aggrecan, SOX9, KRT19, PAX1 and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and Western blot was used to investigate its potential mechanism.
Results

ASA VI could promote HMSC differentiation into nucleus pulposus like-cells, and its optimum concentration was 1 mg/L. The Western blot assays indicated that the possible mechanisms involved upregulating the expression of P-ERK1/2 and P-Smad2/3.
Conclusions

ASA VI can promote HMSC proliferation and differentiation into nucleus pulposus like-cells, which can be used as a potential treatment for IVDD.
Novel Fabrication Method of a Microfluidic Continuous Flow PCR
Authors: Ghalekohneh Sina Jafari , Zand Mahdi Moghimi , Banadaki Mohammad Dehghan , Azad Babak Kamali Doust , MirAhsani Saba 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this study, simulation, design, and fabrication of a Micro PCR based on MEMS and LoC are done. The designed PCR has 2 temperature zones. In fact, in this PCR, the second and third stages of the experiment are merged inside one temperature zone. In the first step, a proper design based on genetic studies is considered. Then, to find the location of the heaters, the system is numerically studied via COMSOL Multiphysics. The designed PCR in this study has 2 temperature zones of 95 and 60 centigrade. After that, the heat transfer analysis is validated. The dimensions of the chip are 80 mm in length and width and 7 mm in height. There are 64 channels on the chip which means the PCR has 32 cycles. The length of each microchannel is 33 mm and each temperature cycle is 68 mm. The width of the microchannels is 500 mm and the depth of it is 400 µm (following Mohr et al. study (30)). Different methods for fabrication of the microchannel has been used, which in the end, laser engraving was chosen. Isopropyl Alcohol (IPA) is used for the bonding. Also, the thickness of the cap is considered 2 mm to strengthen the chip. Heater and Peltier (thermoelectric cooler) is used to reach the desired temperatures. The reason to use the Peltier is that the 95 centigrade zone can affect the 60 centigrade zone which increases the temperature at this zone. A PID controller is used to control the temperatures. The main advantage of this research is the very fast, easy, and low-cost method for producing PCR chips. It can be useful in critical situations, such as COVID-19 pandemic conditions where there is an urgent need for PCR chips to diagnose this disease.
Fall prevalence and its influencing factors on quality of life in elderly: a population-based cross sectional study from China
Authors: Ren Jiaojiao , Li Guangyou , Zhang Liju , Zhang Na 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Fall poses major health problems to the elderly and may potentially lead to various levels of injuries. At present, the sample sizes from most of the epidemiological studies on falls in Chinese elderly are limited and studies on fall risks are not comprehensive. This study is to understand the prevalence of fall and investigate the possible risk factors with fall focusing on the aged 60 years and older in China to shed light on designing interventions targeting this vulnerable population. Methods : Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) based on multistage sampling designs, with participants aged 60 and older. The final sample size is 9692. We performed logistic regression analyses to examine the relationship between fall and its influencing factors. Results : Of the 9692 respondents, 1697 (17.5%) had falls within the last 2 years. Our findings indicated that the participants with disability, chronic condition, age 75 years above, poor health status, sleep duration of≤5h and taking antihypertensive medication were more likely to report falls. A dose response relationship was found between depression, satisfaction with life and risk of fall. Conclusions: After adjusting confounders, our study showed that age, sleep duration, disability, chronic condition, taking antihypertensive medication, self-assessed health status, depression and satisfaction with life were found to be significantly associated with fall in Chinese elderly. Such significant associations emphasize the need for evidence-based prevention and interventions for fall targeting these factors. Future prospective longitudinal study is warranted to investigate the causal relationship between falls and the influencing factors.
Effect of improved cookstove intervention on childhood acute lower respiratory infection in Northwest Ethiopia: Cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Adane Mesafint Molla , Alene Getu Degu , Mereta Seid Tiku , Wanyonyi Kristina L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHousehold air pollution exposure is linked with over 3.5 million premature deaths every year, ranking highest among environmental risk factors globally. Children are uniquely vulnerable and sensitive to the damaging health effects of household air pollution which includes childhood acute lower respiratory infection. The use of improved cookstoves has been widely encouraged to reduce these health burdens. It is, however not clear whether it is possible to prevent household air pollution-related disease burdens with locally made improved cookstoves, and the evidence regarding the health effect of improved cookstove interventions among children still attracts wide debate. Therefore, we investigated the child health effect of improved baking stove intervention compared with the continuation of the customary open burning traditional baking stove.MethodsA cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the health effect of improved baking stove intervention. A total of 100 clusters were randomly allocated to both arms at a 1:1 ratio, and intervention was delivered to all households allocated into the intervention arm. A total of four follow-up visits were carried out within one year at approximately 3-month intervals immediately after the delivery of the intervention. The intervention effect was estimated using odds ratio as a measure of effect following a Generalized Estimating Equations modeling approach among the intention-to-treat population.ResultsA total of 5508 children were enrolled in the study across 100 randomly selected clusters in both arms, among which data were obtained from a total of 5333 participants for at least one follow-up visit which establishes the intention-to-treat population dataset for analysis. The intervention was not found to have a statistically significant effect on the outcome with an estimated odds ratio of 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89–1.02) compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method. Harms: There was no difference in the overall incidence rates of cooking-related burns between arms with an incidence rate ratio of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.53–1.21), and there were no grounds to stop the trial early for adverse events.ConclusionsWe found no evidence that an intervention comprising biomass-fuelled improved baking stove reduced the risk of childhood acute lower respiratory infection compared with the continuation of an open burning traditional baking stove method. Therefore, effective cooking solutions are needed to avert the adverse health effect of household air pollution, particularly, childhood acute lower respiratory infection.
A special acute care surgery model in China: How to improve the efficiency of emergency clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Authors: Xu Dequan , Yin Yue , Hou Limin , Zhou Haoxin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

There was a fast growth in the number and the formation of ED visits in China during the twenty-first century. As a result, engaging special medical model will be essential to decompressing the ED visits. To do this, it will be important to understand which specific aspects to focus interventions on for the greatest impact.
Methods

To characterize the emergency surgery patients who were seen and discharged from ED. Retrospective cohort study of hospitalized emergency surgery patients currently under the care from specialists presenting to an urban, university affiliated hospital between 01 January 2018 and 1 January 2019. This study will highlight some of the controversies and challenges and key lessons learned.
Results

During the study period there were 231,229 ED visits; 4,100 of these patients were admitted for ACS service. Multivariate analysis identified age ≧ 65 (p = 0.023; odds ratio, OR = 2.66), ACS model (p = 0.000, OR = 0.18), ICU stay (p = 0.000, OR = 118.73) as factors associated with in-hospital mortality. There was a increase in LOS between young and elderly postoperative patients when stratifying patients by age(11.67 ± 9.48 vs 13.95 ± 9.11 p < 0.05). we first came up with this concept of Fast Track Acute Care Surgery.
Conclusions

ED overcrowding is not just an ED problem. ED overcrowding is a systems problem requiring a systematic facility-wide multidisciplinary response. Continuous and high-quality surveillance data across China are needed to estimate the emerging FTACS model which used to deal with ED overcrowding. Trial registration: retrospectively registered
Gender Disparity in Cardiovascular Mortality following Radiation Therapy for Hodgkin's Lymphoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khalid Yaser , Fradley Michael , Dasu Neethi , Dasu Kirti , Shah Ankit , Levine Adam 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Radiation-induced coronary artery disease (R-CAD) has become an increasingly recognized phenomenon. Although the clinical relationship between radiation therapy and CAD risk is well known, there is minimal investigation of the gender relationship to radiation-induced CAD events and resulting cardiovascular (CV) mortality. We study the gender variation in the incidence of CV events/mortality related to R-CAD in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) patients. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used in this systematic review and network meta-analysis. OVID, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via the Wiley Interface, Web of Science Core Collection, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were investigated to identify prospective and retrospective observational studies comparing women and men following radiation treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma. 10 studies were included (4 prospective, 6 retrospective). The primary outcome was incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. Meta-regression for age was also performed. Results Of 13,975 patients including 41% females and 59% males, CV events/mortality was noted to be significantly higher in women compared to men (OR 3.74, 95% CI 2.44-5.72, p <0.001). All-cause mortality was also higher in women compared to men (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.10-3.44, p <0.023). On meta-regression analysis, elderly populations have a higher rate of mortality which was even higher for women than men (coefficient = 0.0458, p=0.0374). Conclusions Women have a higher rate of CAD related CV events/mortality and all-cause mortality compared to men in radiation treated patients. These data highlight the need for increased surveillance to better monitor for CAD in female patients treated with mantle or mediastinal radiation.
Sp1 Induced Long Non-coding Rna Agap2-as1 Promotes Cholangiocarcinoma Proliferation via Silencing of Cdkn1a
Authors: Ji Hao , Wang Juan , Lu Binbin , Li Juan , Zhou Jing , Wang Li , Xu Shufen , Peng Peng , Hu Xuezhen , Keming Wang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: LncRNA can regulate gene at various levels such as apparent genetics, alternative splicing, and regulation of mRNA degradation.However, the molecular mechanism of LncRNA in cholangiocarcinoma is still unclear.This deserves further exploration.Methods: We investigated the expression of AGAP2-AS1 in 32 CCA tissues and two CCA cell lines. We found a LncRNA AGAP2-AS1 which induced by SP1 has not been reported in cholangiocarcinoma and studied itKnockdown and overexpression were used to investigate the biological role of AGAP2-AS1 in vitro. CHIP and RIP were performed to verify the putative targets of AGAP2-AS1.Results: AGAP2-AS1 was significantly upregulated in 32 CCA tumor tissues.SP1 induced AGAP2-AS1 plays an important role in tumorigenesis.AGAP2-AS1 knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation and caused apoptosis in CCA cells. In addition, we demonstrated that AGAP2-AS1 acts as an oncogene in CCA.Conclusions: We conclude that the long non-coding RNA AGAP2-AS1 plays a role in promoting the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma.
A Comparative Study on Asperity Peak Modeling Methods
Authors: Zhou Wei , Tang Jin-Yuan , Yi Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The peak identification scheme based method (three-point definition) and the spectral moments based method (spectral moment approach) are both widely used for asperity peak modeling in tribology. To discover the differences between the two methods, a great number of rough surface profile samples with various statistical distributions are first randomly generated using FFT. Then the distribution parameters of asperity peaks are calculated for the generated samples with both methods. The obtained results are compared and verified by experiment. The variation rules of the differences between the two methods with statistical characteristics of rough surfaces are investigated. To explain for the discovered differences, the assumptions by spectral moment approach that the joint distribution of surface height, slope and curvature is normal and that the height distribution of asperities is Gaussian, are examined. The results show that it is unreasonable to assume a joint normal distribution without inspecting the correlation pattern of [z], [z′] and [z′′], and that the height distribution of asperities is not exactly Gaussian before correlation length of rough surface increases to a certain extent, 20 for instance.