bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the correlation between scales determining disease severity in patients with moderate‐severe chronic plaque‐type psoriasis
Authors: Gundogdu Mustafa , Kundakci Nihal 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic erythematous‐squamous disease. The results of studies related with the correlation between methods used in determining disease severity are contradictory.AimsThe aim of this cross‐sectional study is to evaluate the correlation between Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and body surface area (BSA) involvement which are used to determine psoriasis severity and which are evaluated by the physician and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Psoriasis Disability Index (PDI) which are evaluated by the patients.MethodsDemographic data, PASI, BSA, DLQI, and PDI values of the patients were recorded. The correlation between the scales was evaluated.Results51 patients, 11 female (21.6%) and 40 male (78.4%), were included in the study. Average age was found as 44.76 ± 11.14, while average disease duration was found as 20.74 ± 7.94. Average PASI, BSA, DLQI and PDI values were found as 17.27 ± 7.49, 33.90 ± 13.87, 15.09 ± 7.48, 23.58 ± 10.20, respectively. In the evaluation of the correlation between the scales, while PASI was found to be correlated with BSA involvement (r = 0.780 P = .000), DLQI and PDI were not found to be correlated. On the other hand, correlation was also found between DLQI and PDI (r = 0.641 P = .000).ConclusionThere is no correlation between physical assessment methods (PASI, BSA) and quality of life scales (DLQI, PDI).
Emergency stress management among nurses: A lesson from the COVID‐19 outbreak in China–a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Liao Changju , Guo Linghong , Zhang Cuicui , Zhang Meiqi , Jiang Wenjing , Zhong Ying , Lin Qingfang , Liu Yin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo assess the level of stress response, self‐efficacy and perceived social support status of working nurses during the outbreak of the COVID‐19 and investigate potential factors affecting their stress.BackgroundThe stress level of clinical nurses directly affects their physical and mental health and work efficiency.DesignThis study was a cross‐sectional investigation, which was performed following the STROBE checklist. The current study was conducted in February 2020 by selecting clinical nurses from the Zigong First People's Hospital for investigation.MethodsAt the peak of the COVID‐19 outbreak in China, we assessed clinical nurses with the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire, the General Self‐Efficacy Scale and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Specifically, the nurses were divided into three groups: (a) nurses supporting Wuhan; (b) nurses in the department of treating the COVID‐19 patients in our hospital (epidemic department); and (c) nurses in the general department without the COVID‐19 patients in our hospital (non‐epidemic department).ResultsA total of 1092 clinical nurses were surveyed with 94 nurses in Wuhan, 130 nurses treating COVID‐19 patients in our hospital and 868 nurses working without direct contact with diagnosed COVID‐19 patients. The mean stress score of all surveyed nurses was 33.15 (SD: 25.551). There was a statistically significant difference in stress response scores between different departments. Noticeably, the nurses who went to support in Wuhan showed a weaker stress response than the nurses who stayed in our hospital (mean: 19.98 (Wuhan) vs. 32.70 (epidemic department in our hospital) vs. 34.64 (non‐epidemic department in our hospital)). In addition, stress was negatively correlated with general self‐efficacy and perceived social support.ConclusionThe present study suggested that the stress status of second‐line nurse without direct contact with diagnosed COVID‐19 patients was more severe than that of first‐line nurses who had direct contact with COVID‐19 patients.Relevance to clinical practiceOur study indicated the importance of psychological status of second‐line medical staff during the global pandemic.
Psychological differences between toilet trained and non‐toilet trained 4‐year‐old children
Authors: Axelrod Michael I. , Larsen Ray J. , Jorgensen Keith , Stratman Bobbie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveLate to complete toilet training has been associated with many psychological factors including behavior and mood problems. Unfortunately, the majority of the research is specific to children with elimination disorders or children identified as incontinent after the age of 7 years. The current study addressed gaps in the literature by comparing the psychological functioning of children not toilet trained by their 4‐year‐old well child care visit with their toilet trained peers.Design and MethodsParent reports of internalizing and externalizing behavior using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were compared across groups, non‐toilet trained and toilet trained, for 150 children recruited during their 4‐year‐old well child health care visit. Independent samples t tests of group means and χ2 analyses were performed on all CBCL scales.ResultsResults found no clinically or statistically significant differences between groups on parents' reports of internalizing and externalizing behavior. The current study provides no evidence that delays in successfully completing toilet training by 4 years of age were related to psychological problems for this sample of children.Practice ImplicationsNursing professionals in primary care settings are positioned to provide anticipatory guidance to parents of children not yet toilet trained. Findings from the current study offer evidence that delays in toilet training might not be related to psychopathology, and these children are not likely to require intervention outside the pediatric setting and could be effectively managed by primary care health providers employing evidence‐based toilet training protocols.
Hepatitis C virus infection mortality trends according to three definitions with special concern for the baby boomer birth cohort
Authors: Sheu Ming‐Jen , Liang Fu‐Wen , Lu Tsung‐Hsueh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe examined mortality trends of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the United States in 1999‐2018 according to the following definitions: HCV as the underlying cause of death (UCOD), HCV mentioned anywhere on the death certificate (mentioned), and HCV recorded in Part 1 of the death certificate. By using entity axis information in mortality multiple‐cause files, we ascertained the position of HCV on the death certificate. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to evaluate changes in HCV mortality rates according to the definitions. The age‐standardized HCV mortality rates (deaths per 100,000 people) in terms of UCOD, mentioned, and Part 1 were, respectively, 1.36, 2.87 and 1.94, in 1999; increased to 1.90, 5.09 and 2.96 in 2013; and declined to 0.98, 3.77 and 2.29 in 2018. The mentioned/UCOD mortality ratio was 2.11 in 1999 and increased to 3.86 in 2018. The mentioned/Part 1 ratio was almost identical (ie 1.48 in 1999 and 1.65 in 2018). The extent of decline from 2014 to 2018 differed according to the definitions; the annual per cent changes for UCOD, mentioned, and Part 1 were −14.6%, −7.1% and −9.8%, respectively. For the same age group, the baby boomer subcohort 1950‐1954 had the highest mortality rates among the subcohorts (1945‐1949, 1955‐1959 and 1960‐1964). HCV mortality according to HCV in Part 1 of the death certificate—the explicit opinion of a certifying physician that HCV played a substantial role and directly caused death—differed from that according to HCV as UCOD and HCV mentioned.
Is there a unique symptom in lower urinary tract dysfunction in children?
Authors: Özen Mehmet A. , Taşdemir Mehmet , Aygün Murat S. , Necef Işıl , Aydın Emrah , Bilge Ilmay , Eroğlu Egemen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesLower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), particularly urgency, incontinence and intermittency are common in children and it is suggested that the specific symptoms may be used for definite diagnosis for LUT dysfunction (LUTD). This study was performed to investigate the relationship between each LUTD and its associated symptoms, using uroflowmetry/electromyography (UF/EMG) as a diagnostic tool.MethodsEach patient was categorized into one of four LUT conditions which were overactive bladder (OAB), dysfunctional voiding (DV), underactive bladder and primary bladder neck dysfunction (PBND), according to UF/EMG results. Patients' complaints and findings were documented by using voiding dysfunction symptom score, bladder diary, urine analysis and ultrasonography. In addition, a detailed history of bowel habits (including use of Rome III criteria) was obtained.ResultsThere were 189 children of which 106 were female. The OAB was the largest group including 91 patients, followed by the DV group which had 61 patients. The symptoms specific to any LUTD group were constipation and hesitancy (P < .05). Hesitancy was present in 89.4% with PBND and constipation was present in 78.6% of patients with DV. None of other symptoms were able to differentiate any LUTD group from the other.ConclusionsWhile certain symptoms are often presumed by clinicians to imply specific diagnoses, the main outcome of this study is that there is a generally weak correlation between the specificity of symptoms and LUTD. Symptoms‐based approach may lead to misdiagnosis in LUTD. Thus, it may be essential to focus on the underlying pathologies and UF/EMG test may help this.
Medical students' experiences and needs from written reflective journal feedback
Authors: Rozental Lior , Meitar Dafna , Karnieli‐Miller Orit 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionReflective ability is an important skill for enhancing professionalism and developing communication skills. To improve reflective ability, medical educators encourage use of written reflective journals, for which feedback is important. It is difficult for educators to anticipate how their feedback will be perceived. Therefore, this study examined students' experiences with educators' written feedback on reflective journals.MethodsA qualitative, immersion/crystallization analysis of 60 written feedback texts to 15 medical students (30 identified by students as meaningful and 30 as less meaningful) and in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with these students. We did not define ‘meaningful’, to leave room for students' own interpretations. We analysed the feedback to identify what it includes (its components) and analysed the interviews to learn about students' experiences of receiving the feedback and the specific components.ResultsStudents experienced five components as meaningful: supportive and encouraging statements; legitimisation of their emotions; educators sharing personal‐professional experiences; asking questions to enhance reflection; and focusing on the students' main concern. These components enhanced students' willingness to read and learn from the feedback. Three components were experienced as less meaningful: detached, impersonal feedback; negative tone (criticism); and technical issues, for example brevity. These disappointing and hurtful components led students to pay less attention to the feedback or to invest less effort in future written assignments.ConclusionsThe present study identified components in written reflective journal feedback texts and the experience and needs of students who received them. It showed the complexity of writing reflective feedback because of the need to support students through it, help them deal with emotions, identify and focus on personal content that matters to them, and provide opportunities to develop and enhance their reflective ability, while being mindful of their emotional state. To help educators in this challenging task, a self‐assessment mnemonic (‘FEEDBACK’) for use before sending the initial feedback was developed.
Exosomes derived from idiopathic gingival fibroma fibroblasts regulate gingival fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis
Authors: Yin Shunhui , Jia Fengmei , Ran Liquan , Xie Liangkun , Wu Zhiyao , Zhan Yeming , Zhang Yan , Zhang Mingzhu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveExosomes have been proved to play an essential role in intercellular information transmission. However, few researches focused on exosomes derived from gingival fibroblasts (GFs) of IGF. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of exosomes derived from GFs of IGF (IGF‐GFs) on the proliferation and apoptosis of normal gingival fibroblasts (N‐GFs).MethodsGingival fibroblasts were cultured and identified using immunocytochemistry. Exosomes were isolated with exosomes extraction kit and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and flow cytometry. PKH67 labeling was further used to trace the intracellular distribution of the exosomes. And MTS assay was used to test the effective concentration and time course of IGF‐GFs‐derived exosomes. Furthermore, the expression of PCNA, Ki67, Bcl‐2, and Bax in N‐GFs was analyzed by qRT‐PCR and Western blot.ResultsExosomes were isolated from IGF‐GFs; the identification of exosomes and gingival fibroblasts was successfully finished. Moreover, we found that N‐GFs co‐cultured with exosomes showed a great increase in PCNA and Bcl‐2 levels, and a moderate increase in Ki67 levels. By contrast, the levels of Bax were significantly reduced.ConclusionThese results suggest that exosomes derived from idiopathic gingival fibroma fibroblasts are involved in the regulation of gingival fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis.
Epidemiological profile and clinical implications of oral squamous cell carcinoma adjacent to dental implants
Authors: Ramos Joab Cabral , Alves Fábio Abreu , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , dos Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Lopes Márcio Ajudarte 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesDescribe the epidemiological profile of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) around dental implants (DI), investigate the spectrum of clinical and pathological characteristics, and discuss the implications of diagnosis delay of these lesions.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients treated of OSCC adjacent to DI at A.C. Camargo Cancer Center between 2009 and 2020.ResultsThirty one patients were identified, being women the majority (58.1%). The mean age of the patients was 68.8 years. Never smoker corresponds to 46.9% and never alcohol consumer to 54.9% of the sample. OPMD was reported in 45.2% of patients, affecting mainly women (78.5%). Leukoplakia (63.7%) followed by oral lichen planus (36.3%) was the most common OPMD found in women. OSCC adjacent to DI occurred in the inferior gingiva/alveolar mucosa in 48.3% of cases, and ulceration was the most common clinical appearance (87%). Peri‐implantitis (PI) was initial clinical diagnosis in 16.1% of cases.ConclusionsOral squamous cell carcinoma adjacent to DI was more common in women over 70 years old, non‐smokers and non‐drinker, and the majority had oral leukoplakia before the diagnosis of OSCC. OSCC may present clinical and radiographic features that resemble PI which can delay the diagnosis and impair the prognosis.
Evaluation of cross‐reactivity between casein components using inhibition assay and in silico analysis
Authors: Naito Michihiro , Matsui Teruaki , Yamada Chikako , Tagami Kazunori , Ito Komei , Izumi Hidehiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe previously reported that the specific IgE levels to αs1‐casein (CN) and β‐CN in patients with cow's milk allergy decreased with similar dynamics during oral immunotherapy. Therefore, we hypothesized that αs1‐ and β‐CN have strong cross‐reactivity among CN components, despite the low similarity in the full‐length amino acid sequences.MethodsThe αs1‐, β‐, and κ‐CN were purified from commercial cow's milk. We recruited 39 patients with cow's milk allergy, and the serum IgE levels for each CN component were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cross‐reactivity between CN components was investigated by competitive ELISA against αs1‐CN. Sequence homology between CN components at the peptide level was calculated using in silico analysis and quantified by the property distance (PD) value.ResultsThe αs1‐CN–specific IgE levels exhibited a strong positive correlation with the β‐CN–specific IgE (r = 0.945, P < .001). Complete competition was observed by β‐CN against αs1‐CN, suggesting the presence of common epitopes between them. In silico analysis detected 24 peptide sets with PD values lower than 10 between αs1‐ and β‐CN, and 14 sets between αs1‐ and κ‐CN. The amino acid sequences of αs1‐CN (E61‐E70) and β‐CN (I12‐E21) that showed the lowest PD value (5.30) were present in the characteristic sequence known as casein phosphopeptide (CPP).ConclusionWe detected strong cross‐reactivity between CN components. Furthermore, we found highly homologous sequences in the CPP region, which contains a core sequence of "SSSEE" with phosphorylated serine residues.
Salt stress reduces root water uptake in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) through modification of the transcellular transport path
Authors: Knipfer Thorsten , Danjou Mathieu , Vionne Charles , Fricke Wieland 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to understand the hydraulic response to salt stress of the root system of the comparatively salt‐tolerant crop barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We focused on the transcellular path of water movement across the root cylinder that involves the crossing of membranes. This path allows for selective water uptake, while excluding salt ions. Hydroponically grown plants were exposed to 100 mM NaCl for 5–7 days and analysed when 15–17 days old. A range of complementary and novel approaches was used to determine hydraulic conductivity (Lp). This included analyses at cell, root and plant level and modelling of water flow. Apoplastic barrier formation and gene expression level of aquaporins (AQPs) was analysed. Salt stress reduced the Lp of root system through reducing water flow along the transcellular path. This involved changes in the activity and gene expression level of AQPs. Modelling of root‐Lp showed that the reduction in root‐Lp did not require added hydraulic resistances through apoplastic barriers at the endodermis. The bulk of data points to a near‐perfect semi‐permeability of roots of control plants (solute reflection coefficient σ ~1.0). Roots of salt‐stressed plants are almost as semi‐permeable (σ > 0.8).
Connexins in melanoma: Potential role of Cx46 in its aggressiveness
Authors: Orellana Viviana P. , Tittarelli Andrés , Retamal Mauricio A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMelanoma is the most aggressive skin cancer, and in metastatic advanced states, it is completely refractory to chemotherapy. Therefore, it is relevant to understand the molecular bases that rule their aggressiveness. Connexins (Cxs) are proteins that under normal physiological conditions participate in intercellular communication, via the exchange of signaling molecules between the cytoplasm and extracellular milieu and the exchange of ions/second messengers between the cytoplasm of contacting cells. These proteins have shown important roles in cancer progression, chemo‐ and radiotherapy resistance, and metastasis. Accordingly, Cx26 and Cx43 seem to play important roles in melanoma progression and metastasis. On the other hand, Cx46 is typically expressed in the eye lens, where it seems to be associated with oxidative stress protection in fiber lens cells. However, in the last decade, Cx46 expression has been associated with breast and brain cancers, due to its role in potentiation of both extracellular vesicle release and cancer stem cell‐like properties. In this review, we analyzed a potential role of Cx46 as a new biomarker and therapeutic target in melanoma.
Dermatologic manifestations in pediatric patients after liver and HSCT: A 20‐year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tangthanapalakul Amatanun , Chaijitraruch Nataruks , Techavichit Piti , Sosothikul Darintr , Chatproedprai Susheera , Chongsrisawat Voranuch , Tempark Therdpong , Wananukul Siriwan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLT and HSCT are now potentially curative treatments for many medical conditions. Dermatologic manifestations are one of the sequelae after transplantation. To study the prevalence and associated risk factors of dermatologic manifestations after pediatric LT and HSCT. A 20‐year retrospective cohort study was conducted in children, aged ≤15 years, who received LT or HSCT from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2017. Medical records were reviewed for data collection until December 31, 2018. A total of 70 LT and 51 HSCT recipients were included. The percentages of overall dermatologic manifestations after LT and HSCT were 64.3% and 64.7%, respectively. Viral infection was the most common manifestation in both groups, with mucocutaneous HSV infection as the most prevalent. One HSCT recipient developed leukemia cutis. GVHD was revealed in 27.5% of HSCT recipients. Impetigo and xerosis were significantly observed in patients using azathioprine and prednisolone. Approximately two‐thirds of pediatric LT and HSCT recipients experienced dermatologic manifestations, potentially associated with immunosuppressive agents. Thus, regular skin examination and optimized immunosuppression would be beneficial in these recipients.
The Case for a Unified Science of Operations
Authors: Spearman Mark L. , Hopp Wallace J. 
Published: November 2020

Throughout its history, the industrial engineering/operations management (IE/OM) field has relied heavily on axiomatic models and empirical studies of individual systems. But, unlike other engineering and management disciplines, it lacks a clear foundation in a descriptive science. Exceptional results like the famous “bullwhip effect” paper by Lee et al. (1997) hint at the powerful potential for a descriptive science of operations. But the very fact that such works are exceptional suggests that they are held to a high bar in the publishing process. This may be symptomatic of the cultural norms that have prevented our field from producing a rigorous scientific foundation. In this study, we make a case for why developing a unified science of operations is essential for IE/OM education, practice and research. We provide examples and a tentative framework to illustrate what such a science might look like and use this framework to generate a testable hypothesis about a powerful relationship between variability buffers in and operations system. We conclude with suggestions of measures we can take collectively to promote development of the science of operations.