bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P73 The Relationship Between Different Measurements of Arterial Stiffness
Authors: Szabó Eszter , Gáspár Krisztina , Szabó Ildikó , Kovács Viktória , Pál Zsuzsanna , Simonyi Gábor , Kolossváry Endre , Farkas Katalin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Arterial stiffness is the characteristic of early vascular damage that can be measured by several methods. Sphygmocor determines the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) also measures PWV between heart and ankle, independently of blood pressure. According to results of several studies using these methods is a well-recognized predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Objectives
We compared these different methods of measuring early vascular damage in asymptomatic population with increased cardiovascular risk.

Methods
Database contained 40–95 years-old patients without cardiovascular diseases. Anamnestic and clinical data were collected, arterial stiffness was measured by Sphygmocor and CAVI. Atrial fibrillation, carotid atherosclerosis, and peripheral arterial disease were excluded.

Results
We included 100 patients (male/female–19/81; mean age–60.3 ± 10.7), 40% of patients had diabetes, 89% were obese, 70% had metabolic syndrome, 83% had hypertension and 63% had dyslipidemia. 29% of patients had abnormal (>10 m/s) PWV. CAVI above the reference value was detected 19% on the left and 23% on the right side of patients. Results of two different methods correlated significantly (p < 0.05, Pearson correlation). However, the coefficient of determination was low, 8.5%. In half of the abnormal values, both results were above the reference values.

Conclusion
Because of a few patients numbers, we can not draw far-reaching conclusions. However, we found more than 20% of asymptomatic patients with abnormal arterial stiffness. Relationship between two methods of arterial stiffness measurements was weak, which draws attention that these methods are not interchangeable. Role of these two methods in cardiovascular prognosis should be evaluated separately.
P74 Validation of Surface Distance Measurement by MRI for Pulse Wave Velocity in Children
Authors: Bárczi Adrienn , Dégi Arianna , Cseprekál Orsolya , Kis Eva , Szabó Ádám , Rudas Gábor , Reusz George S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold standard measurement for arterial stiffness. Normative values exist for PWV in children using the subtracted method (LSM) for the estimation of the distance, however no imaging validation studies in the growing pediatric population. The formula of 0.8 × surface distance (L0.8) based on MRI validation is only used in adults. Our aim was to compare the different techniques of surface measurement and distances determined by MRI in pediatric subjects.

Methods
21 patients were included (3.2–17.8 years) in the study. Pulse wave travel distance was assessed by surface tape measurements. Carotid-femoral path length was also measured by MRI. To calculate the reference distance (LREF) for the real aortic path length, centerpoints were placed manually in each slice and a centerline was reconstructed. Bland-Altman plots (BA) were used to assess the difference between the distances measured on surface or intraarterial.

Results
There was a high correlation (r > 0.86, p < 0.001) between surface and MRI distance measurements. According to L0.8 and LREF values the average difference was 35.9 cm and BA plots showed significant difference. The difference between LSM and LREF was 2 cm and in the BA analysis LSM and LREF were in good accordance. There was a proportional error in the BA plots in patients over 13 years.

Conclusion
In our study group the path length assessed by the subtracted method showed excellent correlation with intra-arterial MRI measurements. The small number of cases does not allow to conclude the difference in postpubertal patients, which needs further evaluation.
P76 Carotid Artery Disease in Patients with Newly Diagnosed, Untreated Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Nádró Bíborka , Kovács Beáta , Diószegi Ágnes , Juhász Lilla , Páll Dénes , Paragh György , Harangi Mariann 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are characterized by markedly elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration, positive family history of hypercholesterolemia and premature vascular complications including carotid artery disease (CAAD). Carotid plaques are associated with atherosclerosis of coronary arteries and might be considered as a useful prognostic marker in coronary events. Sixty-six newly diagnosed, untreated patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (21 males, 45 females, mean age: 54.2 ± 13 years) were enrolled. Serum lipid parameters were measured and documentations on previous carotid artery ultrasound examinations were evaluated. FH was diagnosed using Dutch Lipid Network Criteria. Mean total cholesterol level was 8.19 ± 1.7 mmol/L, mean LDL-C level was 5.94 ± 1.6 mmol/L, while mean HDL-C was 1.65 ± 0.5 mmol/L in FH patients. Median of lipoprotein (a) was 118 mg/dL. Documentation on carotid artery ultrasound examination was available in 25 cases (41.7%). Among them, significant stenosis was found in 11 cases (44%), while intimal sclerosis was described in 9 patients (36%). Altogether, carotid artery atherosclerosis was documented in 20 cases (80%), while the ultrasound findings were negative in 5 cases (20%). Based on these results, carotid artery ultrasound examination is not a commonly used screening method in severe hypercholesterolemic patients, unfortunately. When it was performed, CAAD was found in most of our FH patients. Therefore, carotid artery ultrasound should be indicated in all patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. Screening for CAAD in this population could help in risk stratification and treatment. This research was supported by a grant from the National Research, Development and Innovation (NFKI) (OTKA 115723) and by the GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00062 project.
P85 Acute Systemic Inflammation Reduces both Carotid and Aortic Wave Reflection in Young Healthy Adults
Authors: Schroeder Elizabeth , Lefferts Wesley , Hilgenkamp Thessa , Fernhall Bo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcute inflammation increases the risk of cardiac and cerebrovascular events, potentially associated with altered hemodynamic load. Wave reflection at the aorta and carotid artery can contribute to central hemodynamic load and provide insight into downstream changes in vascular tone. Acute inflammation may reduce wave reflection via downstream vasodilation, however, this is not firmly established and has only been investigated at the aorta.
Purpose
Explore the effect of acute inflammation on aortic and carotid hemodynamics and wave reflection.

Methods
Twenty-three young adults (26 ± 4 yrs, 22.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2) underwent vascular measures at baseline and 24 h following typhoid vaccine-induced inflammation. Aortic (estimated from radial) and carotid pressure waveforms were obtained via tonometry. Augmentation index and wave separation analyses (WSA) were used to assess wave reflection. Aortic stiffness was estimated from single-point pulse wave velocity (PWV). Carotid beta-stiffness and arterial diameters were assessed via ultrasound.

Results
Acute inflammation reduced aortic and carotid wave reflection at 24 h (See Table 1 AIx, Reflection index, p < 0.05). WSA did not reveal independent changes in forward or reflected wave magnitude, time to reflection, PWV, or beta-stiffness (p > 0.05). Brachial and carotid artery diameter increased from 3.79 ± 0.76 to 3.86 ± 0.76 mm (p = 0.055) and 6.44 ± 0.72 to 6.55 ± 0.69 mm (p = 0.04), respectively.

Conclusion
Acute inflammation reduces aortic and carotid wave reflection in young adults, potentially due to downstream vasodilation. Although reduced wave reflection can decrease cardiac workload, reduced wave reflection in the carotid may render the brain vulnerable to pulsatile blood flow. These findings may implicate changes in wave reflections are a contributing mechanism behind acute inflammation-induced cerebrovascular risk.

Table 1

Aortic
Carotid

n
Baseline
24-h
p-value
Baseline
24-h
p-value

SBP, mmHg
23
104 ± 10
104 ± 8
0.88
107 ± 11
107 ± 10
0.98

DBP, mmHg
23
72 ± 8
71 ± 7
0.23
71 ± 8
70 ± 7
0.26

MAP, mmHg
23
86 ± 9
85 ± 7
0.31
86 ± 9
85 ± 7
0.29

Pulse pressure, mmHg
23
32 ± 6
33 ± 8
0.21
36 ± 7
37 ± 8
0.39

AIx, %
23
3 ± 10
−1 ± 10
0.04
−4 ± 15
−9 ± 16
0.04

AIx@75, %
23
−6 ± 12
−9 ± 12
0.048
−13 ± 15
−18 ± 15
0.09

Augmented pressure, mmHg
23
1 ± 3
0 ± 3
0.05
−2 ± 6
−4 ± 7
0.08

Pf, mmHg
22
30 ± 7
31 ± 7
0.40
34 ± 8
36 ± 12
0.07

Pb, mmHg
22
14 ± 3
13 ± 4
0.24
16 ± 3
15 ± 4
0.09

Reflection index, au
22
47 ± 8
44 ± 9
0.04
48 ± 11
43 ± 13
0.01

Time to reflection, ms
22
158 ± 16
161 ± 20
0.20
180 ± 25
185 ± 26
0.53

All data mean ± standard deviation. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; AIx, augmentation index; Pf, forward wave magnitude; Pb, reflected wave magnitude.
P113 The Forgotten Black Box of Blood Pressure: Error in Oscillometric Mean Arterial Pressure is Associated with Cuff Measurement Inaccuracy
Authors: Picone Dean , Schultz Martin , Armstrong Matthew , Dwyer Nathan , Roberts-Thomson Philip , Weber Thomas , Sharman James 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Accurate measurement of cuff systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) is contingent on the assumption of oscillometric MAP being accurate. If MAP is inaccurate this is likely to impact the accuracy of cuff SBP and DBP, but this has never been determined and was the aim of the study.

Methods
In five independent studies, MAP was measured by five unique cuff oscillometric BP devices at the same time as invasive aortic MAP (area under the waveform) by fluid-filled or solid-state catheters among 262 patients (61 ± 11 years, 65% male) during coronary angiography. Cuff SBP and DBP were estimated by device-specific algorithms. Measurement errors were calculated as cuff — invasive aortic BP.

Results
For each BP device, MAP error was −2.6 ± 6.1, 0.76 ± 7.2, 1.4 ± 5.5, 1.5 ± 6.7 and 7.1 ± 9.2 mmHg. Corresponding SBP errors were 4.4 ± 8.7, −0.8 ± 11.2, −8.8 ± 10.4, −0.9 ± 10.5 and 1.9 ± 10.8 mmHg, whereas DBP errors were 8.8 ± 5.1, 2.0 ± 7.4, 6.7 ± 7.3, 10.3 ± 9.0 and 13.1 ± 6.4 mmHg. There was a direct relationship between errors in oscillometric MAP and SBP error in four of the five devices (B range = 0.42 to 1.04). However, MAP error was consistently related to DBP error in all devices (B range = 0.48 to 0.97). Across all devices, absolute error in MAP ≥3 mmHg corresponded to absolute error in SBP and DBP ≥5 mmHg in 56–77% and 62–88% of patients.

Conclusion
Errors in oscillometric MAP are directly related to cuff SBP and DBP inaccuracy, but the magnitude of error is device-specific. Further work is required to understand algorithms used in oscillometric devices to improve cuff BP accuracy.
P119 Carotid Stiffness is Strongly Associated with Skin Microvascular Dysfunction in Normotensives and Newly-diagnosed Hypertensives
Authors: Lazaridis Antonios , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia , Koletsos Nikolaos , Gavriilaki Eleni , Anyfanti Panagiota , Nikolaidou Barbara , Triantafyllou Areti , Dipla Konstantina , Douma Stella 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background/Objectives
Skin microcirculation represents an easily accessible window reflecting generalized microvascular dysfunction. It has been correlated with alterations in several microvascular beds, though evidence regarding its association with macrovascular damage is scarce. Carotid artery stiffening is a surrogate marker of macrovascular damage that has been significantly associated with incident stroke and cardiovascular mortality. In this study, we investigated the association between skin microcirculation and carotid stiffness in a mixed population of hypertensive and normotensive individuals.

Methods
Untreated newly-hypertensive and normotensive individuals without major cardiovascular comorbidities were included in the study. Blood pressure (BP) parameters were recorded with the Mobil-O-Graph NG (IEM, Stolberg, Germany) device. Carotid measurements were performed using a high-resolution echo-tracking system (Prosound Alpha 7, Aloka, Japan). The beta index (β) was automatically calculated and averaged for the right and left common carotid artery values. Skin microcirculation was assessed under standardized conditions using laser speckle contrast analysis (PeriCam PSI NR, Perimed, Sweden) in conjunction with post-occlusive reactive hyperemia protocol. Results are expressed as a percentage increase between baseline and peak perfusion (%).

Results
We studied 101 individuals including 70 newly diagnosed, untreated essential hypertensives aged 49.6 ± 9.4 and 31 healthy normotensive individuals. The β index demonstrated a significant negative correlation with the percentage increase between baseline and peak skin microvascular perfusion (r = −0.251, p = 0.01).

Conclusion
In a population of newly-diagnosed, untreated essential hypertensive and normotensive individuals, endothelial function of skin microcirculation is inversely associated with carotid stiffness, an emerging tool in cardiovascular risk prediction.
P120 Early Sympahovagal Imbalance Associates with Future Arrhythmic Events in Hypertensives
Authors: Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Vlachopoulos Charalambos , Christopoulou Georgia , Korogiannis Lampros , Xydis Panos , Gardikioti Vasiliki , Solomou Eirini , Ioakeimidis Nikolaos , Georgakopoulos Christos , Dima Ioanna , Tousoulis Dimitrios 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose/Background/Objectives
Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and arrhythmias. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) in the prognosis of future arrhythmic events.

Methods
We studied 292 untreated at baseline hypertensives (mean age 53 ± 13, 153 males). Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated by analysis of short-term HRV using 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the standard deviation of measurements. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was estimated echocardiographically. Aortic stiffness was assessed with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and aortic augmentation index corrected for heart rate (AIx@75). Patients were followed up for 13 years. The primary endpoint was a composite of atrial/ventricular tachycardias, symptomatic multiple premature ventricular contractions, second and third-degree heart blocks and pacemaker/defibrillator placement.

Results
Patients with the primary endpoint (n = 37.13%) had lower 24-h daytime HRV (9.6 beats per minute vs 11.1 beats per minute, p = 0.005), higher systolic blood pressure (168 mmHg vs 163 mmHg, p = 0.003), higher cfPWV (8.4 m/s vs 7.7 m/s, p = 0.005), higher LVMI (133 g/m2 vs 122 g/m p = 0.002) and higher AIx@75 (29.0% vs 26.3%, p = 0.043) compared to patients with no events. In Cox regression analysis, only higher HRV was associated with lower risk of arrhythmic events (Hazard ratio per 1 mmHg = 0.87, 95% Confidence intervals 0.76 to 0.995, p = 0.043) when adjusted for age, gender, cfPWV, LVMI and AIx@75.

Conclusion
Lower heart rate variability is associated with increased risk of future arrhythmic events suggesting an early sympathovagal imbalance that could lead to future events.
P128 Accuracy of Age-appropriate Transfer Functions in Modelling Central Arterial Waveform Features
Authors: Cai Tommy , Alice Meroni , Qasem Ahmad , Butlin Mark , Ayer Julian , Celermajer David , Avolio Alberto , Skilton Michael 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Central aortic pressure waveforms can be modelled non-invasively in adults using general transfer functions. These techniques have been applied to, but not formally validated in paediatric populations. We recently developed and validated two age-appropriate paediatric transfer functions and sought to determine their effectiveness in children and adolescents.

Methods
We recruited 97 healthy children between 2 and 20 years of age in five pre-specified age groups. Central waveforms were estimated by applying two previously developed paediatric transfer functions developed in 8 year and 14 year-old children (8TF, 14TF respectively), and a proprietary adult transfer function (aTF) (Sphygmocor CvMS, AtCor) to radial waveforms measured by tonometry [1]. Estimated central arterial parameters were measured from direct carotid tonometry.

Results
8TF estimates higher cSBP than 14TF, which estimates higher cSBP than aTF across all ages. In contrast, 8TF estimates lower cAIx than 14TF, which estimates lower cAIx than aTF across all ages (Figure 1). 8TF most accurately modelled central arterial waveform features, specifically by cAIx when comparing to carotid tonometry, in early childhood (age groups: 2–6.5 years, 0 ± 14%; 6.6–9.5 years, − 4 ± 19%; 9.6–12.5 years, −6 ± 13%), while 14TF most accurately estimated cAIx in later childhood and adolescence (12.6–15.5 years, −3 ± 11%; 15.6–20 years, 4 ± 13%).

Conclusion
Effectiveness of transfer functions for modelling central arterial waveforms in childhood appear to be age-dependent, with evidence of better accuracy when used in populations similar to that in which they were developed. These results support the use of multiple age-appropriate paediatric transfer functions over a generalized paediatric transfer function.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru-Guru SD Negeri 130 Palembang Dalam Menyajikan Presentasi Atraktif Melalui Pelatihan Microsoft Power Point
Authors: Salamah Irma - , Lindawati Lindawati , Asriyadi Asriyadi , Kusumanto RD 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAKPengembangan profesi guru adalah untuk menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas guru agar semakin professional dalam melaksanakan tugasnya menggunakan media aplikasi Microsoft office power point. Ada beberapa faktor mengapa kegiatan ini diselenggarakan. Ada guru yang tidak terbiasa menggunakan teknologi sebagai media dalam pengajaran di kelas. Sekolah tidak menyediakan fasilitas yang memadai yang memungkinkan guru menciptakan media ajar mereka. Tidak adanya pembimbing dan pendampingan yang memberikan pendidikan singkat tentang bagaimana membuat media animasi untuk pengajaran di sekolah dasar. Dengan adanya pelatihan ini guru-guru SDN 130 Palembang diharapkan mampu menguasai dan memahami fitur dan fungsi yang ada pada Microsoft power point serta mampu membuat animasi untuk pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Microsoft power point.Kata kunci: animasi pembelajaran; pelatihan microsoft power point; presentasi atraktif. ABSTRACT Teacher professional development is to maintain and improve the quality of teachers to be more professional in carrying out their duties using Microsoft Office Power Point application media. There are several factors why this activity is held. There are teachers who are not used to using technology as a medium in classroom teaching. Schools do not provide adequate facilities that allow teachers to create their teaching media. The absence of mentors and mentors who provide short education about how to make animation media for teaching in elementary schools. With this training the SDN 130 Palembang teachers are expected to be able to master and understand the features and functions that exist in Microsoft power point and be able to create animations for learning using Microsoft power point.Keywords: attractif presentation; microsoft power point training; learning animation.
Three-Dimensional Explicit Finite Element Simulation of Piled-Raft Foundation
Authors: Ahmed Huda Hussien , Al-Zaidee Salah R. 
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to validate a proposed finite element model to be adopted in predicting displacement and soil stresses of a piled-raft foundation. The proposed model adopts the solid element to simulate the raft, piles, and soil mass. An explicit integration scheme has been used to simulate nonlinear static aspects of the piled-raft foundation and to avoid the computational difficulties associated with the implicit finite element analysis.
The validation process is based on comparing the results of the proposed finite element model with those of a scaled-down experimental work achieved by other researchers. Centrifuge apparatus has been used in the experimental work to generate the required stresses to simulate the actual geostatic stress on the site. Comparing between numerical and experimental results indicate that the proposed finite element model is accurate and adequate and it can be used in future work to simulate more complicated practical problems of piled-raft foundations.
After its validation, this model was used to investigate the effectiveness of using piled with a raft foundation that subjected to eccentric loading. In this parametric study, the value of eccentricity was taken equal to , , and . The numerical results indicated that there is a significant decrease in the bearing capacity for unpiled raft foundation compared to the piled raft foundation for the same eccentricity of the applied load.
Chronic Helicobacter pylori induced gastritis with erosive lesions of the gastric mucosa in the elderly
Authors: Afanasenkova T. E. , Golovanova E. D. , Dubskaya E. E. 
Published: March 2020

Аim. To study the clinical course of chronic gastritis with erosions in the elderly, depending on the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the gastric mucosa.Materials and methods. 75 patients (50 women and 25 men) aged 60 to 82 years with chronic erosive gastritis were examined. Тhey complained of pain in the epigastric region, pain of other localization, heaviness in the epigastric region, nausea, heartburn, constipation, having comorbidities. Patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the degree of contamination of the gastric mucosa with Helicobacter pylori: 1 group consisted of 20 people, which on the background of erosive lesions of the coolant, HP was not detected; in group 2 (25 man), it was observed a light contamination with coolant; in group 3 (20 patients) and in group 4 (10 patients) — high — were detected in more than 50 microbial cells in field of view.Result. The clinical picture of chronic erosive gastritis varies depending on the degree of contamination of the gastric mucosa Helicobacter pylori.Conclusion. This microorganism aggravates the course of the disease. The course of chronic erosive gastritis is influenced by concomitant pathology.