bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HCV Antibody Prevalence and Genotype Evolution in a Teaching Hospital, Calabria Region, Southern Italy Over A Decade (2008-2018)
Authors: Marascio Nadia , Mazzitelli Maria , Scarlata Giuseppe G.M. , Giancotti Aida , Barreca Giorgio S. , Lamberti Angelo G. , Divenuto Francesca , Costa Chiara , Trecarichi Enrico M. , Matera Giovanni , Liberto Maria C. , Torti Carlo 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is associated with a high risk of developing liver diseases. Globally, HCV prevalence is changing due to improving health care procedures, population movement, and availability of new antiviral therapy. In Italy, data on the prevalence of HCV infection are insufficient, out-dated, and restricted to specific areas.

Objective:
Between 2008 and 2018, we investigated HCV antibody (Ab) seroprevalence and genotypes distribution among patients presenting for testing at our Teaching Hospital.

Methods:
The HCV Ab and genotyping assays were performed by routine diagnostic methods. Chi-square for linear trend was carried out by OpenEpi (v3.01).

Results:
Among 120,009 consecutive patients, 5877 subjects were HCV Ab positive (4.89%). During the observational period 2008-2018, prevalence decreased significantly (p<0.001) from 4.7% in 2008 to 3.6% in 2018. HCV1b was the most prevalent subtype (47.2%) followed by HCV2a/2c (20.2%), and HCV3 (9.7%), while HCV4 showed a rate of 6.1%. HCV infection was more frequent in males (55.4%) than in females (44.6%). Overall, most infected patients were born before 1949.

Conclusion:
Epidemiological analyses are important to understand the evolution of the HCV epidemics under the influence of several factors, such as risk behaviour and therapy with direct-acting antivirals.
Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Revealing the Joint Capsule Pathology of a Refractory Frozen Shoulder
Authors: Ando Akira , Hagiwara Yoshihiro , Sekiguchi Takuya , Koide Masashi , Suzuki Kazuaki , Kanazawa Kenji , Itoi Eiji 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Frozen shoulder (FS) is clinically diagnosed on the basis of patients’ medical history and physical examination. Its confirmation is based on joint capsule and coracohumeral ligament thickening, subcoracoid fat obliteration, and joint capsule contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We performed bilateral contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) in FS patients to compare the outcomes with those of their unaffected contralateral counterparts.

Methods:
Ten patients (3 men, 7 women, median age: 54.5 years) with unilateral FS, requiring arthroscopic capsular release after failed conservative treatment, were included. The median forward elevation, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation of the 10 patients were 100°, 60°, 7.5°, and the buttock, respectively. The median visual analog scale score was 5.3, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score was 42. Bilateral CE-MRI was simultaneously performed on the day before surgery, and MRI findings were compared between FS and contralateral healthy shoulders (controls).

Results:
Significant axillary pouch enhancement and rotator interval were observed in all FS, but not in the unaffected comparable sides (p=0.002, respectively). The thickness of the axillary pouch (FS: 4.8 mm, C: 4.4 mm, p=0.58), coracohumeral ligament (FS: 3.9 mm, C: 4.1 mm, p=0.33), and subcoracoid fat obliteration (p=1.00) were not significantly different between FS and controls.

Conclusion:
CE-MRI aids in the clinical diagnosis of FS. However, axillary pouch joint capsule and coracohumeral ligament thickening or subcoracoid fat obliteration differences were not characteristic findings when contralateral shoulders were compared.
Development and Validation of Instrument to Measure Thinking Patterns: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis
Authors: Maksum Ali , Khory Fifukha D. 
Published: May 2020

Background:As an instrument that measures thinking processes, the cognitive reflection test still has a number of problems, especially in terms of its validity and reliability.Aims:This research aimed to develop instruments to identify patterns of thinking that meet psychometric requirements.Methods and Results:Participants in the research were 727 students from the State University of Surabaya, including 322 (44%) men and 405 (56%) women with a mean age of 19.17 years. The first examination using exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale of thinking patterns, which we later called Intuitive-Reflective Scale (IRS), had a conceptual relations structure consisting of 5 factors with a loading factor of .40 - .80. The five factors explained 52.57% of the total variance and had Cronbach’s Alpha reliability of .71. The second examination using confirmatory factor analysis based on structural equation modeling proved that the IRS had factors structure that was consistent with the results of the first examination and was a significant predictor of academic performance.Conclusion:Hypothesized factor structure fits with empirical data based on the comparative fit index of .96 and root mean square error of approximation of .07.
Ultimate Behaviour of Perforated Steel Plate Girders Subjected to Shear Loading
Authors: Bahrami Alireza , Najarnasab Mahdi 
Published: May 2020

Background:
The Perforated Steel Plate Girders (PSPGs) are those Steel Plate Girders (SPGs) that have openings in their web. The PSPGs are significant structural members to withstand bending mainly. The proper combination of steel plates is applied to fabricate the PSPGs. When the available rolled steel profiles cannot carry the applied loads, the use of beams made of the steel plates is unavoidable.

Objective:
The present paper presents the ultimate behaviour of PSPGs subjected to shear loading.

Methods:
In order to carry out the study, the finite element method is used as a practical design tool for predicting the ultimate behaviour of the PSPGs under shear loading. Two experimentally tested PSPGs are selected to conduct the modelling accuracy using ABAQUS. All the features of the tested specimens are considered in the modelling. The finite element modelling results are compared with the experimental tests results, which verify the modelling. Since the accuracy of the modelling is demonstrated, thereafter, the method is used for the nonlinear analysis of the developed PSPGs having different circular and rectangular openings. Various parameters are adopted in the analysis to vastly evaluate their effects on the ultimate behaviour of the PSPGs. The parameters include shape of the openings (circular and rectangular openings), number of the openings (2 and 4 openings), arrangement of the openings (horizontal and vertical openings), using steel frame around the openings, utilising diagonal steel stiffeners to connect the steel frame to the corners of the PSPGs, and thicknesses (2 mm and 4 mm) of the steel frame and the diagonal steel stiffeners.

Results:
The obtained results from the nonlinear analysis of the PSPGs are summarised considering various parameters. The results are compared and discussed, taking into account the effects of the parameters on the ultimate behaviour of the PSPGs.

Conclusion:
The study highlights that the shape of the openings affects the behaviour of the PSPGs. Accordingly, circular openings are preferred compared with the rectangular ones. Also, as the number of the openings is increased, the ultimate capacity of the PSPGs is reduced. The behaviour of the PSPGs is considerably affected by the arrangement of the openings in which the horizontal openings have better performance than the vertical ones. If the steel frame and/or the steel stiffeners are utilised, the ultimate capacity is enhanced. The ultimate capacity of the PSPGs is improved by increasing the thickness of the steel frame and/or stiffeners. The failure modes of the PSPGs with circular and rectangular openings are indicated and evaluated.
Non-destructive Method of the Assessment of Stone Masonry by Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Martini Rachel , Carvalho Jorge , Arêde António , Varum Humberto 
Published: May 2020

Background:
In this study , a methodology based on non-destructive tests was used to characterize historical masonry and later to obtain information regarding the mechanical parameters of these elements. Due to the historical and cultural value that these buildings represent, the maintenance and rehabilitation work are important to maintain the appreciation of history. The preservation of buildings classified as historical-cultural heritage is of social interest, since they are important to the history of society. Considering the research object as a historical building, it is not recommended to use destructive investigative techniques.

Objective:
This work contributes to the technical-scientific knowledge regarding the characterization of granite masonry based on geophysical, mechanical and neural networks techniques.

Methods:
The database was built using the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) method, sonic and dynamic tests, for the characterization of eight stone masonry walls constructed in a controlled environment. The mechanical characterization was performed with conventional tests of resistance to uniaxial compression, and the elastic modulus was the parameter used as output data of ANNs.

Results:
For the construction and selection of network architecture, some possible combinations of input data were defined, with variations in the number of hidden layer neurons (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 nodes), with 122 trained networks.

Conclusion:
A mechanical characterization tool was developed applying the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), which may be used in historic granite walls. From all the trained ANNs, based on the errors attributed to the estimated elastic modulus, networks with acceptable errors were selected.
Socio-Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Depressive Symptoms Prevalence and Severity Among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Metekiya Workua M. , Wondafrash Dawit Z. , Tesfaw Mekonnen T. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Mental illness is the leading cause of disability all over the world greatly impacting several vulnerable groups particularly people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Depression is the most common mental illness especially in people with human immunodeficiency virus and its prevalence is increasing rapidly in the world at an alarming rate among this group population.

Objectives:
The main aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms and related factors among patients living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Methods:
An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 398 Human Immunodeficiency Virus patients. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Logistic regression analysis were used to determine predictors of depressive symptoms.

Results:
A total of 398 patients with the diagnosis of HIV were enrolled in the present study, whereby the majority were females (275, 69.9%). Prevalence of depressive symptoms among HIV-positive patients was 43.5% (95% CI: 38.2, 48.7). In multivariate analysis, poor sleep quality (AOR: 5.72, 95% CI: 3.52,9.27), Poor social support (AOR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.15,3.29), lack of education status (AOR: 4.10, 95% CI: 1.92,8.76) elementary school (AOR: 2.46,95% CI: 1.26,4.79) and high school educational status (AOR: 2.11,95% CI: 1.01,4.42) were positively associated with depressive symptoms in people living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of depression symptoms was found to be significantly high in patients living with HIV. Patient’s poor sleep quality, poor social support and lower educational status were found to be dependent predictors of depressive symptoms. Hence, it is important to conduct more interventions to assess the depressive symptoms among HIV patients.
Wavelet Denoising in a Highly Secure Covert Communication
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Pahuja Sharvan Kumar , Veer Karan 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Over recent years, the security of the publicly available audio, video and
text data has become a big challenge, i.e., social media communication; hence the author presents
an exceedingly secure communication system to hide the data from an attentive adversary.

Objective:
The study aims to design and analyze a novel algorithm to be implemented for message
transmission using multi-image LSB steganography and crucial variable-length cryptography. Encoder,
decoder and social media as a channel are the main parts of the study.

Methods:
Various computer techniques like cryptography and steganography with video handling
are used to perform the proposed work. The main objective of this work is to implement the raw
video as the cover on the QR code image. This image is to be transmitted as information by enshrouding
it in the raw footage. Additionally, encryption of QR code image using VLMKG (Variable
Length Mixed key Generation) cryptography enhances the reliability of work. The variablelength
Key is generated separately to implement the cryptography. Multi-image LSB steganography
is imposed with one-bit replacement in the spatial domain. Wavelet Transform (Daubechies
family) is applied for denoising, which enhances the accuracy of the received data.

Results:
The proposed work provides a secure way to transmit any information in the form of QR
code image successfully. It is verified with the help of five QR Code images and three raw video
groupings.

Conclusion:
Implementation of LSB steganography, variable-length key cryptography and
MATLAB usage had superbly extracted the image features; calculations and the consequences
were observed to be palatable.
Oral Sex Knowledge and Experience of Transgender Youth: An Opportunity for Dental Education
Authors: Macdonald David W. , Grossoehme Daniel H. , Mazzola Amanda , Pestian Teresa , Schwartz Scott B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecent evidence suggests that, when compared to their cisgender counterparts, transgender youth exhibit more unsafe sexual behavior that may elevate their risk for sexually transmitted infections. The aim of this study was to better understand what transgender youth know about oral sex, related consequences, and mechanisms of protection and where they obtained this information. The findings can be helpful in preparing oral health providers to play a role in meeting this public health need. The study took place at a U.S. academic pediatric medical center in 2017. Participants were recruited at a Transgender Research Day and during Transgender Clinic sessions. English‐speaking transgender adolescents ages 14 to 24 were invited to participate in a previously validated survey about their knowledge and behaviors related to oral sex. Of the 138 transgender youth invited to participate, 57 completed the surveys, for a 41% response rate. Most respondents reported feeling they understood the necessity of protection and consequences of oral sex but did not use protection. Over half of the participants (58%) said they had not had a physician, dentist, or parent speak to them about oral sex. Given the lack of standardized, evidence‐based sex education, it is imperative that adolescents, particularly in highly vulnerable populations like transgender youth, receive accurate information about oral sexual contact. Dental schools should prepare future practitioners to address these issues with youth using a culturally competent, evidence‐based approach.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK UMUM SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Zulvia Yolandafitri 
Published: May 2020

<p><em>This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the financial performance of Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. In this study financial performance is measured using Return On Assets (ROA). The independent variables in this study are </em><em>Consumer Funds (DPK), Non-Performing Financing(NPF), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), </em><em>Operation Efficiency (BOPO), Financial Deposit Ratio (FDR). The population in this study is all Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia for the period 2011-2018. The total sample in this study amounted to 7 Islamic commercial banks. The data analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed the variable </em><em>Consumer Funds (DPK) and </em><em>Operation Efficiency (BOPO) had a positive and not significant effect. Variable Non-Performing Financing (NPF) and Financial Deposit Ratio (FDR) have a negative and significant effect while CAR variable has a negative and not significant effect.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini kinerja keuangan diukur menggunakan Return On Asset (ROA). Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK), Non Performing Financing (NPF), Rasio Kecukupan Modal (CAR), Efisiensi Operasi (BOPO), Rasio Deposito Keuangan (FDR). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua bank umum syariah di Indonesia untuk periode 2011-2018. Total sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 7 bank umum syariah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) dan Efisiensi Operasi (BOPO) memiliki pengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan. Variabel Non Performing Financing (NPF) dan Financial Deposit Ratio (FDR) memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan sedangkan variabel CAR memiliki pengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan.</em></p>
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR TENTANG MENCUCI TANGAN
Authors: Kurniasih Yulvina 
Published: May 2020

<p><em>Health education seeks to make people aware of how to maintain health, how to avoid or prevent things that are detrimental to their health and the health of others. One way to maintain health is to wash hands. Washing your hands is one way to avoid illness. There are several diseases that can be prevented through hand washing including diarrhea, cholera, ispa, worms, and others.The Population in this study was all students class IV, amounting to 25 students and the sampling technique in this study used saturated sampling using the experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design and tested with a T-test. From the results of the T-test it was found that t<sub>count</sub> (6.052) while t<sub>table</sub> (1.17) can be interpreted t<sub>count</sub> is greater than t<sub>table</sub>,These Result indicate that there is an influence of health education on student knowledge about hands washing Primary School Widya 1 Batam<strong>.</strong></em></p><p> </p><p align="center"><em> </em></p><p><em>Pendidikan kesehatan berupaya agar masyarakat menyadari bagaimana cara menjaga kesehatan, bagaimana menghindari atau mencegah hal-hal yang merugikan kesehatan dirinya dan kesehatan orang lain. Satu cara menjaga kesehatan adalah mencuci tangan.</em><em> Mencuci tangan merupakan salah satu cara menghindarkan diri dari penyakit. Terdapat beberapa penyakit yang dapat dicegah melalui cuci tangan diantaranya, diare, kolera, ispa, cacingan, dan lain-lain. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 25 siswa dan teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menngunakan sampling jenuh dengan menggunakan metode experimen dengan rancangan one group pretest-posttest dan di uji dengan T-test. Dari hasil uji T-test didapat nilai t.<sub>hitung </sub>(6,052) sedangkan t.<sub>tabel </sub>(1,17) dapat diartikan t<sub>hitung </sub>lebih besar dari t<sub>tabel</sub>, hasil ini menunjukan ada pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan siswa tentang mencuci tangan Sekolah Dasar Widya 1 Batam.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
Determinan Perilaku Tes Hiv pada Ibu Hamil di Kota Padang Tahun 2019
Authors: Yuni Hamidatul , Andika Melia 
Published: May 2020

<p><em>Women are a population prone to contracting and transmitting, the number of women suffering from HIV as much as 36.4%. In 2017 as many as 73 new cases of HIV positive women in the city of Padang, almost half were women of reproductive age, including 2 cases of HIV positive pregnant women. Integrated antenal service for pregnant women, one of which is by carrying out laboratory tests of HIV testing that are required for all pregnant women. Padang City has 20 HIV counseling and testing services and 18 of them are Public Health Care. The purpose of this study was to determine of HIV test behavior in pregnant women viewed from the level of knowledge, patients' perceptions of HIV, social and psychological support of patients. Research with a quantitative approach with cross sectional design, conducted in several Padang city health centers with the lowest coverage of HIV testing in pregnant women in the city of Padang. The sample of the study was 100 pregnant women who visited the Public Health Care in May 2019. The research instrument by the questionnaire method. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate and multivariate. The results showed there was social support is the most dominant variable influencing HIV testing in pregnant women.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Perempuan merupakan populasi rawan tertular dan menularkan, </em><em>j</em><em>umlah perempuan yang menderita HIV sebanyak</em><em> 36,4</em><em>% . </em><em>Tahun 2017 sebanyak 73 kasus baru wanita positif HIV di Kota Padang, hampir separoh merupakan wanita usia reproduksi, diantaranya 2 kasus ibu hamil positif HIV. </em><em>Layanan antenal terpadu pada ibu hamil salah satunya dengan melaksanakan pemeriksaan laboratorium tes HIV</em><em> yang </em><em>diwajibkan bagi seluruh Ibu hamil. </em><em>Kota Padang memiliki layanan konseling dan tes HIV sebanyak 20 dan 18 diantaranya adalah puskesmas</em><em>. </em><em>Tujuan penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui determinan perilaku tes HIV pada Ibu hamil di</em><em>lihat dari tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi pasien terhadap HIV, dukungan sosial dan psikologis pasien</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>Penelitian</em><em> </em><em>dengan</em><em> </em><em>p</em><em>e</em><em>ndekatan kuantitatif </em><em>dengan desain </em><em>cross sectional, yang dilakukan di beberapa puskesmas kota Padang dengan cakupan pemeriksaan HIV terendah pada Ibu hamil di Kota Padang. Sampel penelitian adalah Ibu hamil yang berkunjung ke puskesmas pada bulan Mei 2019 sebanyak 100 orang. Instrumen penelitian dikumpulkan dengan metode angket. Analisis data menggunakan univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Dukungan sosial merupakan variabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi pemeriksaan HIV pada Ibu hamil.</em></p>