bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonographic Determination of Gallbladder Dimension among Apparently Healthy School-aged Children in Kano Metropolis
Authors: Abubakar Abubakar Aminu , Yahuza Mansur , Mansur Ramalan , Yau Anas , Maikusa Bara’atu Sani 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
The present study was carried out to sonographically evaluate gallbladder dimensions among healthy school-aged children, thus setting up normal ranges that can be used in clinical settings. The study aimed to establish normal gallbladder dimensions in apparently healthy school-aged children within the Kano metropolis using ultrasonography.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective cross-sectional study of 276 healthy school-age children comprising 156 males and 120 were recruited randomly. Gallbladder length (GBL), width, height, volume, and wall thickness were recorded. The subject’s demographic information was also obtained. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 23. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05.

Results:
Statistical analysis highlighted mean gallbladder dimensions: length (5.31 ± 0.65 cm), width (1.57 ± 0.52 cm), height (1.68 ± 0.48 cm), volume (7.31 ± 2.72 cm3), and wall thickness (2.59 ± 0.48 mm). While no significant differences were found between male and female gallbladder width and volume, notable distinctions were observed in GBL, height, and wall thickness between genders. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between gallbladder dimensions (length, width, and volume) and demographic parameters such as age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body surface area, and gallbladder wall thickness (GBWT). Interestingly, gallbladder height showed no significant correlation with height, weight, or BMI, while GBWT exhibited correlations with various demographic factors.

Conclusion:
This research successfully established reference ranges for gallbladder dimensions in healthy school-aged children, underlining gender-specific disparities in certain measurements.
Cord Blood Bilirubin as a Predictor of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Beg Saman , Firdaus Uzma , Ali Syed Manazir 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
In the 1st week of life, hyperbilirubinemia is the most common clinical condition in newborns that has to be evaluated and treated. It is also a prominent cause of readmission to the hospital. Some newborns experience noticeable, potentially dangerous bilirubin levels, which can directly increase the risk of severe brain damage, despite it being a benign, postnatal, transitory phenomenon. The current investigation looked at the relationship between cord blood bilirubin levels and the predictability of pathological jaundice.

Materials and Methods:
Cord blood bilirubin was estimated at birth. Bilirubin estimation was done at 48 h, 72 h, and 5–7 days of life using a trans-bilirubinometer. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee.

Results:
Significant hyperbilirubinemia was found in 3.7% of the neonates. A statistically significant correlation was found between cord blood bilirubin and the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia at 48 h of life. Gender, gestational age, birth weight, and use of Oxytocin have no correlation with cord bilirubin or the subsequent development of jaundice. A cord blood value of >2 mg/dL has a high negative predictive value (98%), sensitivity (83%), specificity (41%), and positive predictive value (5.3%) in predicting the future development of future pathological jaundice.

Conclusions:
A high negative predictive value in our study suggests that healthy term babies with cord bilirubin ≤2 mg/dL can be discharged early with assurance to parents. Babies with cord blood bilirubin >2 mg/dL should be followed more frequently.
Age- and Urothelium-related Changes in Hydrogen Sulfide-induced Responses in Mouse Bladder
Authors: Aydinoglu Fatma , Toyran Tugba , Ogulener Nuran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The alterations in bladder function are associated with aging. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous neurotransmitter that is synthesized in the urinary bladder and is suggested to regulate bladder smooth muscle tone. The effects of age and urothelium on the L-cysteine/H2S-induced relaxant responses were investigated in young (3–4 months) and aged (23–24 months) mice. The relaxant responses to endogenous H2S (L-cysteine) augmented in denuded urothelium bladder tissue in both age groups. However, the relaxant responses to exogenous H2S (sodium hydrogen sulfide: 1 μM - 3 mM) did not change by disruption of the urothelium. The contractile response to carbachol increased in intact bladder tissues of aged mice compared to young mice. On the other hand, contractile responses to carbachol decreased in the denuded bladder tissues of aged compared to young mice. In addition, cystathionine-β-synthase, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), and 3 mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) enzymes which are responsible for H2S synthesis were intensively detected in the urothelium and vascular smooth muscle of bladder by immunohistochemistry. CSE and 3-MST were observed lesser in the smooth muscle of aged bladder tissue. These results suggest that relaxation to the L-cysteine/H2S pathway and contraction to carbachol of the bladder are affected by aging and urothelium. H2S- and urothelium-related molecular and biological changes may be responsible for bladder dysfunctions by aging. Understanding the mechanisms involved in chemical and mechanical signaling of the H2S pathway may provide important insights into the development of novel targets for the clinical management of age-related bladder dysfunctions in human such as overactive bladder, lower urinary tract symptoms, and other urological diseases. In this context, it is important to note that L-cysteine/H2S pathway may be recognized a new therapeutic target bladder disorders.
Low dose ondansetron with dexamethasone for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic cholecystectomy—A randomized double-blind study
Authors: Chilkoti Geetanjali T , Nandanan Janaki , Saxena Ashok Kumar , Seth Varun , Kaur Navneet , Maurya Prakriti 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Ondansetron and dexamethasone combination is effective for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Ondansetron, when compared to dexamethasone, is known to cause more adverse effects and is relatively expensive. The present study evaluated the efficacy of standard dose and low dose ondansetron, i.e. 100 μg/kg and 50 μg/kg, respectively, with dexamethasone 8 mg for PONV prophylaxis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

Material and Methods:
After the approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee-Human Research [IEC-HR] and prospective CTRI registration, this randomized, double-blind interventional study was conducted following informed consent from each participant. Patients aged 18–65 years of either sex, with ASA physical status I or II, undergoing LC under general anesthesia, were included and divided into groups C and L. Patients in groups C and L received 100 μg and 50 μg of ondansetron, respectively, in combination with 8 mg dexamethasone. The incidence of PONV in first 6 hrs, PONV score, rescue antiemetic consumption, rescue analgesia, and hemodynamic parameters were recorded.

Results:
A total of 110 patients were included with 55 in each group. Incidence of PONV in the first 6 hours was found to be higher in 1–2 hour- and 2–3-hour time intervals in group L; but was significant only at 1–2-hour time interval (P < 0.05). Proportion of patients needing rescue antiemetic in the first 6 hours was higher in group L but was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:
We observed that 50 μg/kg combination of ondansetron was associated with higher incidence of post operative nausea in the immediate postoperative period than 100 μg/kg dose; however, no significant difference was observed in incidence of post-operative vomiting between two doses following LC.
The Enigma of Collapsed Lung in a Young Female
Authors: Ramesh  , Shriram A. , Sharma M. Vishnu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The most common cause for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PTX) is congenital blebs or bullae. All patients with primary spontaneous PTX require high-resolution computed tomography thorax to find the underlying structural lung disease if any, as the cause for PTX. A thorough family history and physical examination are also essential to find the underlying predisposing causes if any. We report a case of primary spontaneous PTX in a young female with localized multiple bullae without any obvious predisposing factors which is unusual.
Constructing an Artificial Intelligent Deep Neural Network Battery for Tongue Region Segmentation and Tongue Characteristic Recognition
Authors: Yi Tian-Xing , Chen Jian-Xin , Wang Xue-Song , Kou Meng-Jie , Deng Qing-Qiong , Wang Xu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This study aimed to construct a two-stage deep learning framework to segment and recognize tongue images and enhance the accuracy and efficiency of artificial intelligence (AI) tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Materials and Methods:
Five hundred and ninety-four tongue images of adequate quality were used to construct AI models. First, a multi-attention UNet model was used for semantic segmentation to distinguish the tongue body from the background. In the second stage, a residual network was employed to classify seven important tongue characteristics.

Results:
The segmentation model achieved 96.12% mean intersection over union, 98.91% mean pixel accuracy, and 97.15% mean precision. The classification models exhibited robustness across seven distinct characteristics with an overall accuracy >80%. These results indicated that the constructed models have potential applications in TCM.

Conclusions:
This two-stage approach not only streamlines the analysis of tongue images but also sets a new benchmark for accuracy in medical image processing in the field.
Mengintegrasikan Bisnis dan Pelayanan
Authors: Eppang Paulus , Suparyadi Zakharia , Hariyanto Hariyanto 
Published: December 2024

The concept of a servant of God doing business and serving is an important intersection of faith and entrepreneurship. A servant of God should be able to effectively integrate spiritual beliefs into business practices to advance the Kingdom of God, using various scientific perspectives. The purpose of this paper is: to provide an understanding of the concept of a servant of God doing business and serving simultaneously according to the biblical perspective as well as its implementation. This research uses library research, which makes literature data as a theory to be studied and examined in obtaining hypotheses or conceptions to obtain objective results and then arranged systematically and structured. This research explains, first: there is no difference between “secular or spiritual” work in the view of God and the Bible. Second: a servant of God who serves and works must be able to be salt and light and influence positively so as to change the situation. Third: the life of a servant of God who serves needs to always keep his heart and spirit burning in serving God even though he also has to work outside the church to reach the world for God's kingdom.

Konsep hamba Tuhan berbisnis dan melayani merupakan hal yang penting antara iman dan kewirausahaan. Seorang hamba Tuhan harus dapat secara efektif mengintegrasikan keyakinan spiritual ke dalam praktik bisnis untuk memajukan Kerajaan Allah, dengan menggunakan berbagai perspektif ilmiah. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah: untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang konsep hamba Tuhan yang melakukan bisnis dan melayani secara bersamaan menurut sudut pandang Alkitab serta implementasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu menjadikan data-data kepustakaan sebagai teori untuk dikaji dan ditelaah dalam memperoleh hipotesa atau konsepsi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang objektif kemudian disusun secara sistematis dan terstruktur. Penelitian ini menjelaskan, pertama: tidak ada perbedaan antara pekerjaan “sekuler atau rohani” dalam pandangan Allah maupun Alkitab. Kedua: seorang hamba Tuhan yang melayani dan bekerja harus mampu menjadi garam dan terang serta mempengaruhi secara positif sehingga mengubah keadaan. Ketiga: kehidupan hamba Tuhan yang melayani perlu untuk senantiasa menjaga hati dan rohnya untuk terus menyala-nyala dalam melayani Tuhan meski juga harus bekerja di luar gereja untuk menjangkau dunia bagi kerajaan Allah.
Narrative Review: Sistem Transportasi Publik Di Smart City Jakarta Untuk Mengurangi Kemacetan
Authors: Herdiana Ananda Claudia Herdiana 
Published: December 2024

The Jakarta City Government has implemented various innovations in public transportation modes to attract public interest and reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. This journal discusses the application of Smart Mobility systems, which include the Commuter Line (KRL), Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), and Light Rail Transit (LRT). Through the integration of transportation modes, cashless payment systems, and real-time information, Jakarta has successfully improved travel efficiency and user comfort. Data from TomTom indicates a significant decrease in traffic congestion, from 61% in 2017 to 34% in 2021. Additionally, Jakarta received the Sustainable Transport Award (STA) in 2021, signifying success in creating a sustainable transportation system. However, the implementation of Smart Mobility also faces challenges such as dependence on technology, high implementation costs, and data privacy issues. This research provides insights into the advantages and disadvantages of Smart Mobility systems and their implications for the future of public transportation in Jakarta.
Анализ влияния автоматизации сельскохозяйственной техники на производительность труда
Authors: Черников Г.Ю. , Ламанов Б.В. , Кириченко А.О. 
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена анализу влияния автоматизации сельскохозяйственной техники на производительность труда. Основная цель исследования заключается в выявлении факторов, способствующих повышению эффективности работы сельскохозяйственных предприятий за счет внедрения автоматизированных систем. Исследуются современные технологии автоматизации, такие как системы GPS, дронов и роботизированных машин, которые позволяют оптимизировать процессы посева, ухода за культурами и сбора урожая. Основные выводы исследования заключаются в том, что автоматизация сельскохозяйственной техники способствует значительному увеличению производительности труда, снижению трудозатрат и повышению качества выполняемых работ.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the impact of automation of agricultural machinery on labor productivity. The main purpose of the study is to identify factors that contribute to increasing the efficiency of agricultural enterprises through the implementation of automated systems. The authors examine modern automation technologies such as GPS systems, drones, and robotic machines that optimize the processes of sowing, crop care, and harvesting. The main conclusions of the study are that the automation of agricultural machinery contributes to a significant increase in labor productivity, a reduction in labor costs, and an improvement in the quality of work performed.
Актуальные аспекты проведения финансового анализа в современном периоде
Authors: Романов В.В. , Асхабалиев И.Ч. 
Published: December 2024

Оценка бизнеса и активов – актуальная тема, которая вызывает повышенный интерес в течение последних лет. Стоимость организации либо ее составляющей необходимо рассматривать в контексте практической плоскости. В статье проанализированы основные аспекты проведения финансового анализа в современных условиях.
Business and asset valuation is a topical issue that has attracted increased interest, especially in recent years. The value of an organization or its component must be considered in the context of the practical plane. In this article we have reviewed and analyzed the main aspects of conducting financial analysis in modern conditions.
Бюджетно-налоговая политика Республики Дагестан в условиях дефицитного финансирования
Authors: Ибрагимова И.И. 
Published: December 2024

Актуальность исследования обусловлена высокой зависимостью бюджета Республики Дагестан от межбюджетных трансфертов, что затрудняет обеспечение устойчивого экономического развития региона. Цель исследования – анализ структуры и особенностей доходной и расходной частей бюджета Республики Дагестан, а также определение факторов, влияющих на формирование собственной ресурсной базы региона. Рассмотрены источники доходов республиканского бюджета и их динамика в 2021-2023 гг., выявлены ключевые статьи расходов и их приоритетное направление. Раскрыты особенности налоговой политики региона, включая меры по снижению налоговой нагрузки для поддержки предпринимательства, и оценена их роль в формировании доходной части бюджета. Проанализированы данные о дефиците бюджета и установлена высокая зависимость бюджета от безвозмездных поступлений. Отмечается необходимость улучшения инвестиционного климата и расширения налоговой базы как условий для снижения финансовой зависимости от федерального центра и повышения устойчивости бюджета региона.
The relevance of the study is due to the high dependence of the budget of the Republic of Dagestan on inter-budgetary transfers, which makes it difficult to ensure sustainable economic development of the region. The purpose of the study is to analyze the structure and features of the revenue and expenditure parts of the budget of the Republic of Dagestan, as well as to determine the factors influencing the formation of the region’s own resource base. The sources of income of the republican budget and their dynamics for the period 2021-2023 are considered, key expenditure items and their priority direction are identified. The peculiarities of the tax policy of the region, including measures to reduce the tax burden to support entrepreneurship, are disclosed and their role in the formation of the revenue side of the budget is assessed. The data on the budget deficit are analyzed and a high dependence of the budget on gratuitous receipts is established. In conclusion, the need to improve the investment climate and expand the tax base is noted as conditions for reducing financial dependence on the federal center and increasing the stability of the regional budget.
Финансовая отчетность дочерних компаний и проблемы ее подготовки к составлению консолидированной отчетности
Authors: Лайпанова З.М. , Айдынов М.Р. 
Published: December 2024

В условиях растущей глобализации и усложнения структуры бизнес-операций финансовая отчетность дочерних компаний становится ключевым элементом при подготовке всеобъемлющей финансовой отчетности. Подготовка финансовой отчетности на уровне дочерней компании требует осторожного подхода, поскольку она должна соответствовать международным стандартам и требованиям материнской компании. Основными проблемами, с которыми сталкиваются бухгалтеры и финансовые аналитики, являются различия в учетной политике, колебания валютных курсов и трудности, связанные с объединением данных из разных юрисдикций. Кроме того, особые условия местного законодательства могут повлиять на методы ведения бухгалтерского учета и отчетности, что усложняет процесс слияния. Также важно обеспечить достоверность и прозрачность информации, что требует от работников высокого уровня профессионализма и знаний.
In the context of increasing globalization and the complex structure of business operations, the financial statements of subsidiaries are becoming a key element for the preparation of consolidated financial statements. The preparation of financial statements at the level of subsidiaries requires a careful approach, since it must comply with international standards and requirements of the parent company. The main problems faced by accountants and financial analysts are differences in accounting policies, currency fluctuations, as well as difficulties associated with combining data from different jurisdictions. In addition, the specifics of local legislation may affect accounting and reporting methods, which adds additional complexity to the consolidation process. It is equally important to ensure the reliability and transparency of information, which requires managers to have a high level of professionalism and knowledge.
Цифровизация городского хозяйства на примере муниципального образования город Краснодар «умный город»
Authors: Кравцов А.В. , Булгаров М.А. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается реализация концепции умного города на примере муниципального образования город Краснодар. Информационные и коммуникационные технологии используются для повышения качества, производительности и интерактивности городских служб, снижения расходов и потребления ресурсов, улучшения связи между городскими жителями и государством. Применение технологии умного города развивается с целью улучшения управления городскими потоками и быстрой реакции на сложные задачи. Поэтому умный город более подготовлен к решению проблем, чем при простом операционном отношении со своими гражданами.
The article discusses the implementation of the “Smart City” concept using the example of the municipal formation of the city of Krasnodar. Information and communication technologies are used to improve the quality, productivity and interactivity of city services, reduce costs and resource consumption, and improve communication between city residents and the government. The use of smart city technology is evolving to improve the management of urban flows and quickly respond to complex problems. Therefore, a “smart city” is more prepared to solve problems than with a simple “operational” relationship with its citizens.
Generative AI – A Catalyst in Banking and Financial Industry
Authors: Dubey Vivek , Mokashi Azher , Pradhan Ranjan , Kalli Sireesh Kumar , Sonar Rakesh R , Parab Kalpesh , Nayak Tarun , Ranade Sandeep 
Published: December 2024

Gen AI is making the banks and financial markets stand on the pinnacle of technological excellence, acquiring the power of data analysis, customer service, and risk management at an unprecedented level. This paper is going to examine several aspects of banking and financial organizations in which Gen AI can have an impact, namely, client onboarding, fraud detection, lending, and payment processing. Doing a wide-ranging literature review is the core of our work, where we look at how technologies of Gen AI, including LLMs and Quantum Computing, are shaping conventional banking models while calling for increased efficiency and personalization. In addition, the paper discusses the role of the officials and the policymakers who would be responsible for guiding the deployment of Gen AI ethically and responsibly through the use of directives and innovative ideas that are intended to resolve new challenges that may arise such as algorithmic bias and data privacy among others. This paper highlights how GenAI can help bring innovation into the banking and finance industry, besides being efficient and inclusive, it may require collaboration between all stakeholders to achieve a positive societal impact.