bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moral Considerability and Decision-Making
Authors: Hoły-Łuczaj Magdalena 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper revisits metaphysical and deontological stances on moral considerability and offers a new criterion for it – “affectability”, that is a capacity of an agent to affect a considered entity. Such an approach results in significant changes in the scope of moral considerability and is relevant for discussing the human position in the Anthropocene. This concept, given especially the assumption of the directness of moral considerability, is also substantial for the decision making process on the ethical, as well as the political plane.
Aspectual coding asymmetries: Predicting aspectual verb lengths by the effects frequency and information content
Authors: Richter Michael , Celano Giuseppe G. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe topic of this paper is the interaction of aspectual verb coding, information content and lengths of verbs, as generally stated in Shannon’s source coding theorem on the interaction between the coding and length of a message. We hypothesize that, based on this interaction, lengths of aspectual verb forms can be predicted from both their aspectual coding and their information. The point of departure is the assumption that each verb has a default aspectual value and that this value can be estimated based on frequency – which has, according to Zipf’s law, a negative correlation with length. Employing a linear mixed-effects model fitted with a random effect for LEMMA, effects of the predictors’ DEFAULT – i.e. the default aspect value of verbs, the Zipfian predictor FREQUENCY and the entropy-based predictor AVERAGE INFORMATION CONTENT – are compared withaverageaspectual verb form lengths. Data resources are 18 UD treebanks. Significantly differing impacts of the predictors on verb lengths across our test set of languages have come to light and, in addition, the hypothesis of coding asymmetry does not turn out to be true for all languages in focus.
“The authors have wasted their time...”: Genre features and language of anonymous peer reviews
Authors: Yakhontova Tatyana 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The anonymous peer review is an unpublished pre-publication review which evaluates research articles submitted to journals. This type of a review plays a special role in the genre landscape of Anglophone research by ensuring its appropriate quality and ethical standards. By performing this role, the peer review also realizes a didactic potential, as it motivates researchers to improve their investigations. This paper extends the existing research on the anonymous peer review and aims to deepen our understanding of this genre by analysing the overall functional organization of peer review texts and their prominent linguistic features shaped by three communicative functions ‒ “gatekeeping”, evaluative, and didactic. It also attempts to compare the characteristics of peer reviews in two research fields ideologically and epistemologically distant from each other ‒ applied linguistics and applied mathematics. The methodological framework of the study combines Swales’s move analysis and a functional stylistic perspective developed within the East European linguistic context. The analysis has revealed a three-move structure of review texts and disclosed the roles of interpersonal markers, evaluative lexis and four types of directives in the realization of the communicative functions of the genre. The typologies of reviewers’ comments and evaluative acts in reviews have also been suggested. Furthermore, the study has brought to light some quantitative and qualitative differences between the texts in two disciplines. It is anticipated that awareness of the linguistic conventions of anonymous peer reviews analysed in the paper will help researchers to perceive this genre as a valuable source of professional assistance and enlightenment.
Proposed Policy Frame for Development for Technology and Science Information System in Vietnam Maritime Field
Authors: Thang Vu Huy 
Published: December 2019

The paper will study on the reality of the policies for development for technology and science information system in the world, the necessary discussion before the development of S&T. The author had in-depth assessment of the macroeconomic policy-oriented goals for the development of S&T information in the maritime sector and the development of Vietnamese science and technology information sources. A number of typical policies have been analyzed in the direction of practical application in the situation that Vietnam has been actively integrating with the world. Orientations for development of science and technology, maritime training and coaching to 2025 and a vision to 2030 with the case study of Vietnam Maritime University.
The article conducted researches, surveys, and interviews on the demand trend of S&T information use of information users and managers in the maritime field in the near future through the questionnaire system. From that, the paper proposed a policy framework to develop the S&T information system in Vietnam's maritime sector and analyze the advantages and disadvantages compared to the current policies. The author conducted a SWOT analysis to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of the Maritime Science and Technology Information System. Proposal to supplement new policies and complete amendments to existing ones and assess the possible impacts when applying policies in practice. The article confirms the important role of the proposed policies in the context and the practical situation contributing to the successful implementation of the national maritime strategy.
Amomum glabrum S. Q. Tong (Zingiberace), a new record for the flora of Vietnam
Authors: Hung Nguyen Danh , Chung Nguyen Thanh , Sam Ly Ngoc , Huong Le Thi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract: Amomum glabrum S. Q. Tong (Zingiberaceae), collected from the Provinces in North Central Vietnam (Thanh Hoa province: Xuan Lien Nature Reserve; Nghe An: Pu Mat National Park, Pu Huong and Pu Hoat Nature Resever; Ha Tinh: Vu Quang National Park; Quang Binh: Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park; Thừa Thiên Huế: Bạch Mã National Park), is reported here as a new record for the flora of Vietnam, which raised the species number of Amomum to 13. A detailed description and coloured photographs are provided along with data on distribution, ecology, phenology, conservation status and notes on the relative species
Keywords: Amomum, Amomum glabrum, North Central, Zingiberaceae.
References
[1] de Boer H., Newman M., Poulsen A.D., Droop A.J., Fér T., Lê T.T.H., Hlavatá K., Lamxay V., Richardson J.E., Steffen K. & Leong-Škorničková J., Convergent morphology in Alpinieae (Zingiberaceae): Recircumscribing Amomum as amonophyletic genus, Taxon 67 (1) (2018) 6–36.[2] Gagnepain F., Amomum. In: Lecomte, P. H., Fl. Indo-Chine 6(1) (1908) 102–117.[3] Pham Hoang Ho, An illustrated Flora of Vietnam 3: 432–461, Youth Publication, Ho Chi Minh City (in Vietnamese).[4] Nguyen Quoc Binh, Classification Research in the Zingiberaceae in Vietnam, Biology PhD., Ha Noi, 2011 (in Vietnamese).[5] V. Lamxay and M.F. Newman, Are vision of Amomum (Zingiberaceae) in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam, Edinburgh Journal of Botany 69(1) (2012) 99-206.[6] Ly Ngoc Sam & Jana Leong-Skornickova, Amomum cristatissimum (Zingiberaceae: Alpinieae), a new species with echinate fruits from central Vietnam, Nordic Journal of Botany 36(3) (2018) https://doi.org/10.1111/njb.01691.[7] Wu D.L. and Larsen K., Flora of China 24: 347-356. St Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, and Beijing: Science Press, 2000.[8] S.Q. Tong, Some new taxa of Zingiberaceae from Yunnan, Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 27(4) (1989) 277–292.[9] W. Roxburgh, Amomum. In: Flora Indica 1 (1820) 37–46. Serampore: Mission Press.
APLICAÇÃO DA GAMIFICATION AO ENSINO JURÍDICO - APLICATION OF GAMIFICATION TO LEGAL EDUCATION
Authors: Tavares Roselaine Andrade 
Published: December 2019

Resumo: Este estudo apresenta a Gamification acadêmica, alternativa ao método tradicional, demonstrando que inserindo games no ensino pode-se motivar e engajar alunos. Lecionar requer um professor moderno, dinâmico e principalmente tecnológico porque o ensino necessita evoluir para atender aos anseios dessa novíssima geração. Embasado em livros, artigos e vídeos apresenta-se a conceituação do tema, a aplicação desta metodologia e seus benefícios. Por ser recente, não há ainda um vasto material a respeito, assim, o foco é na literatura disponível, utilizando-se o procedimento bibliográfico, pelo método dedutivo, numa abordagem qualitativa cujo marco teórico são as obras de Flora Alves e Jane McGonigal. Palavras-chave: Metodologia de Ensino; Ensino Jurídico; Gamification; Aplicação; Engajamento Abstract: This study presents the academic Gamification, alternative to the traditional method, demonstrating that by inserting games in teaching might motivate and engage students. Teaching requires a modern, dynamic and technological teacher because teaching must evolve to attend the yearnings of this new generation. Based on books, articles and videos, presents the conceptualization of the theme, application of this methodology and yours benefits. Being recent, there isn’t a vast of material yet about, thus, the focus is on the available literature, using the bibliographic procedure, by the deductive method, whose theoretical framework is the works of Flora Alves and Jane McGonigal. Key words: Teaching Methodology; Legal Education; Gamification; Application; Engagement
DA IGUALDADE À DESIGUALDADE: UMA QUESTÃO DE ESCOLHA À LUZ DA TEORIA DE JOHN RAWLS
Authors: Pinheiro Shirley Da Costa , Dias Jean Carlos 
Published: December 2019

Busca-se analisar a teoria de justiça desenvolvida por John Rawls, com uma compreensão do papel da liberdade e da igualdade em suas ideias. A pesquisa consiste em investigar se a teoria de John Rawls garante a liberdade de escolha dos indivíduos, com o objetivo de responder se pode ser considerada uma solução à questão da desigualdade na distribuição dos bens sociais. A metodologia utilizada será por intermédio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, com abordagem qualitativa.
Peran Guru PPKn dalam Mengembangkan Disiplin (Studi Deskriptif Pada Siswa Kelas VIII Di SMP Negeri 18 Mataram)
Authors: Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Haslan Mabrur , Zubair Muhammad 
Published: December 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran guru PPKn dalam mengembangkan disiplin pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 18 Mataram. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) peran guru PPKn dalam mengembangkan disiplin pada siswa kelas VIII yaitu memberikan motivator, membiasakan siswa menaati peraturan di sekolah, serta menumbuhkan sikap sopansantun dan beretika serta memberikan contoh teladan, dan memberikan sanksi.(2) terdapat sejumlah faktor pendukung dan penghambat guru PPKn dalam mengembangkan disiplin siswa. Faktor pendukung berupa faktor internal guru dan kerjasama antara tegana pendidik, sedangkan faktor penghambat berupa lingkungan dan kurang kesadaran dari orang tua
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI SAYUR DI KECAMATAN MARO SEBO (STUDI KASUS DI DESA JAMBI TULO KABUPATEN MUARO JAMBI)
Authors: Winarni Etik , Putra Iwan Eka , Amanda Yuliska Putri 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi sayur di Kecamatan Maro Sebo. Data yang dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda, Uji F, Uji T, Korelasi. Dari hasil analisis dan pembahasan penelitianLuas Lahan,pupuk, modal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap tingkat produksi sayur di kecamatan Maro Sebo Desa Jambi Tulo Kabupaten muaro Jambi, Sedangkan Tenaga Kerja berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap tingkat produksi sayur di Kecamatan Maro Sebo Desa Jambi Tulo Kabupaten Muaro Jambi.Adapun hasil Korelasi yang terjadi Adanya hubungan positif dan tingkat hubungan kuat antara Luas Lahan dan Produksi Sayur dikarenakan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,792., Adanya hubungan positif dan tingkat hubungan kuat antara Bibit/Benih dan Produksi Sayur dikarenakan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,760., Adanya hubungan positif dan tingkat hubungan kuat antara Pupuk dan Produksi Sayur dikarenakan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,757., Adanya hubungan positif dan tingkat hubungan kuat antara Modal dan Produksi Sayur dikarenakan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,798.Adanya hubungan positif dan tingkat hubungan cukup kuat antara Tenaga Kerja dan Produksi Sayur dikarenakan nilai korelasi sebesar 0,437.
Socionomstuderandes förståelse av begreppet delaktighet
Authors: Rosengren Åsa Maria , Söderström Eivor , Cederberg Arla , Brantberg-Ahlfors Bettina , Sigfrids Ingmar 
Published: December 2019

Relationen mellan individ och samhälle är mycket central inom socialpedagogiken. I denna relation blir begreppet delaktighet relevant. Begreppet ges en bred och varierande innebörd i litteraturen, och därav väcktes intresset att studera hur socionomstuderanden förstått begreppet i sina examensarbeten. Artikeln grundar sig på en kvalitativ dokumentstudie av 36 examensarbeten. Stommen för innehållsanalysen utgjordes dels av dimensionerna deltagande, aktörskap och tillhörighet i begreppet delaktighet (Nivala och Ryynänen 2013), dels av de fyra socialpedagogiska kunskapsfälten (Madsen 2006). Resultaten visar att aspekterna som berör deltagande och tillhörighet i begreppet delaktighet främst är relaterade till ett klientperspektiv dvs. vad dessa betyder ur klientens synvinkel. Aspekterna som tangerar aktörskap begränsas till ett professionsperspektiv dvs. hur professionella i olika verksamhetsmiljöer kan stöda och stärka klientens aktörskap. Bland de examensamensarbeten som granskades finns det en stark anknytningtill delaktighet på den individuella, relationella och institutionella nivån, medan kopplingen till delaktighet på den samhälleliga nivån är svag.
DAMPAK SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN MULSA TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays saccharata) DAN TATA AIR TANAH
Authors: Situmorang Andreas Junico Marulitua , Hermawan Bandi , Pujiwati Hesti 
Published: December 2019

[IMPACT OF THE TILLAGE SYSTEM AND OIL PALM EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH MULCH ON GROWTH, YIELD OF SWEET CORN (Zea mays saccharata) AND GROUNDWATER SYSTEM]. This study aims to determine the impact of land management and the use of oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) mulch. This research was conducted from August to October 2018, arranged in a split plot design with two factors. As a first factor, land management consists of unprocessed, plowed, and plowed and harrowed. The treatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches mulch as the second factor consisted of no mulch, 9 tonnes/ha of mulch, 12 tonnes/ha of mulch, and 15 tonnes/ha of mulch. Plant variables observed consisted of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh plant weight, plant dry, ear weight, ear length, ear diameter. Soil variables observed were the redistribution of groundwater and infiltration. The results showed no significant interaction between the tillage system and the application of oil palm empty fruit bunch mulch on all observed variables. Treatment without tillage or mulch dose of 12 tons/ha can provide growth and yield of sweet corn plants better than other treatments. The highest water content and infiltration rate were obtained from the dosage of oil palm empty bunches mulch 15 tons/ha. Soil cultivation by plowing and harrowing produces the highest infiltration rate compared to lower tillage intensities. About 18% to 42% of the diversity of growth and yield of sweet corn plants have a significant relationship with the diversity of groundwater.
Hak dan kewajiban PTK
Authors: atika nurul 
Published: December 2019

Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hak dan kewajiban pendidik dan tenga kependidikan, agar PTK tau bagaimana perannya suatu saat nanti.Penelitian ini menggukan metode studi literatur dengan cara mengumpulkan literatur (bahan-bahan materi) yang bersumber dari buku, jurnal, dan sumber lainnya terkait ilmu tentang Administrasi PendidikanAdministrasi PTK yang meliputi Pengembangan memiliki cakupan yang lebih luas dalam upaya memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kompetensi yang dimiliki tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan. Pengembangan lebih terfokus kepada peningkatan kemampuan (ability) melalui jalur formal dengan jangka waktu yang panjang, pemberian kesempatan-kesempatan belajar yang didesain guna membantu pengembangan diri para tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan dimana pengembangan diarahkan untuk menyiapkan tenaga pendidik/kependidikan untuk memegang tanggung jawab atas suatu jabatan atau pekerjaan di masa yang akan datang. berikut adalah strategi pengembangan tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan. Setiap personil berhak memperoleh kenaikan pangkat apabila telah memenuhi persyaratan yang diperlukan untuk kenaikan pangkat itu. Kenaikan pangkat bukan saja sebagai hak yang dapat diterima oleh setiap personil, tetapi juga sekaligus sebagai pemberian penghargaan kepada personil yang bersangkutan atas jerih payah pengabdiannya. Karena itulah kenaikan pangkat dapat mempunyai nilai motivatif yang tinggi. Pemberhentian Pegawai Negeri Sipil adalah pemberhentian yang menyebabkan yang bersangkutan tidak lagi berkedudukan sebagai Pegawai Negeri Sipil.Pemberhentian dari jabatan negeri adalah pemberhentian yang menyebabkan yang bersangkutan tidak lagi bekerja pada satuan organisasi Negara, tetapi masih berkedudukan sebagai Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Evaluasi merupakan kegiatan yang penting untuk mengetahui kemajuan ataupun hasil yang dicapai oleh sekolah di dalam melaksanakan fungsinya sesuai rencana yang telah dibuat sendiri oleh masing-masing sekolah. Evaluasi yang dilakukan adalah evaluasi menyeluruh menyangkut pengelolaan semua bidang dalam. Guru merupakan salah satu komponen dalam sistem pendidikan yang memiliki peran yang sangat besar dalam pencapaian tujuan pendidikan. Peran guru bukanlah hanya sekedar menyampaikan ilmu pengetahuan kepada peserta didik. Namun jika dilihat secara luas guru juga berperan sebagai administrator pendidikan.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes and Experience of off-label Drug Prescribing Practice among Physicians in Baghdad City Hospitals
Authors: Shanshal Aysha M. , H. Ataimish Ahmed 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The present study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and experience of off-label prescribing practice among physicians in Baghdad city hospitals. This cross-sectional study was performed through the period from November 1st 2018 to March 2019 at 17 hospitals, a self-administered questionnaire was utilized to collect data from the physicians, and the targeted hospitals were randomly selected at different regions in Baghdad City area. Out of the 400 distributed questionnaires to the physicians, 383 of them were returned completed, 57.2% indicated that they were reasonably familiar with the term “off label drug”, 57.7% mentioned that the most common medical reasons for the prescribing off-label drugs were unavailability of alternatives, 67.6%, 65.5% had concerns regarding its safety and efficacy respectively, 62.7% agreed that the (MOH) authority should provide an incentive to stimulate pharmaceutical companies to perform clinical trials in Iraqi patients, 49.1% believed that clinical trials that recruit volunteers involve ethical issues. Extensive efforts are required to implant programs, regulations and guidelines to control the off-label prescribing practice among the Iraqi healthcare providers who are authorized to prescribe medications at different healthcare settings.
Assessment of Causality, Severity and Seriousness of Adverse Event Following Immunization in Iraq: A Retrospective Study Based on Iraqi
Authors: K. Abd Ahmad , J. Kadhim Dheyaa , M. Younus Manal 
Published: December 2019

Immunization is one of the most cost-effective and successful public health applications. The results of immunization are difficult to see as the incidence of disease occurrence is low while adverse effects following the immunization are noticeable, particularly if the vaccine was given to apparently healthy person. High safety expectations of population regarding the vaccines so they are more prone to hesitancy regarding presence of even small risk of adverse events which may lead to loss of public trust to the vaccination programs.
Vaccine safety monitoring is needed as they now are administered to the general population and also available to special categories such as pregnant women and patients with different diseases whom not subjected to clinical trials as well as incorrect administration rout and presence of rare or delayed onset adverse events make the presence of surveillance system necessary. The aim of the current study was to measure the distribution, percentage, and frequency of adverse reactions related to vaccines administration in Iraq and to assess the causality, severity, seriousness of these adverse reactions. This study is a retrospective descriptive study for surveillance of vaccine safety conducted using Iraqi pharmacovigilance center database from 2014 till the end of 2018 . 2116 Adverse events were included and outcomes , severity , seriousness , and causality of adverse events were assessed. Majority of adverse events following immunization cases (90.97%) were mild, non serious (94.47%) and recovered (94.23%). Most reports were for general disorders and administration site conditions and the majority were for elevated body temperature and injection site reactions .
Prevalence of UGT1A1*93 and ABCC5 Polymorphisms in Cancer Patients Receiving Irinotecan-Based Chemotherapy at Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf
Authors: Al_talkani Ahmed F. , H. Kathem Sarmed 
Published: December 2019

Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a semisynthetic derivative of the antineoplastic agent camptothecin used in a wide range as an anti-cancer agent in many solid tumors because of its cytotoxic effect through the interaction with the topoisomerase I enzyme. The major limiting factors for irinotecan treatment are its association with potentially life-threatening toxicities including neutropenia and acute or delayed-type diarrhea, results from distinct interindividual and interethnic variability due to gene polymorphism.
This is a cross sectional pharmacogentics study was conducted on 25 cancer patients to estimate the prevalence of UGT1A1*93 and ABCC5 allele single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in Iraqi cancer patients treated with irinotecan-based therapy at Middle Euphrates Cancer Center. Four drops of venous blood was drawn for each patient and was applied onto the FTA classic card to perform a genotyping assay for the 2 SNPs. After DNA isolation and purification, real time PCR was performed to detect the SNPs of each gene.
Results of this study showed the prevalence of one allele variant (heterozygous mutation) of UGT1A1*93 was 64% compared to 36% of patients were wild type to this SNP. No patient (0%) could be detected with homozygous polymorphism of the UGT1A1*93. For the ABCC5 polymorphism, results revealed that 32% of patients have one polymorphic allele (heterozygous), while 28% of them have two polymorphic alleles (homozygous mutation). Wild type ABCC5 gene constitutes 40% of patients. As a conclusion, high prevalence of UGT1A1*93 and ABCC5 polymorphic alleles were detected in patients at Middle Euphrates Cancer Center which may explain the high toxicity features associated with irinotecan therapy.