bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
X-linked and autosomal dominant forms of the ichthyosis in coinheritance
Authors: Alaverdian Diana A. , Fedyakov Mikhail , Polennikova Elvira , Ivashchenko Tatiana , Shcherbak Sergey , Urasov Stanislav , Tsay Viktoriya , Glotov O.S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
According to modern classification, there are two forms of inherited ichthyoses: syndromic and non-syndromic, each of them consists of more than ten different nosologies. The commonest types of the ichthyosis are X-linked recessive (prevalence 1/2000–6000 in men) and autosomal dominant, or ichthyosis vulgaris with incomplete penetrance (1/250–1000). The X-linked form is associated with mutations in steroid sulfatase STS gene, it is noteworthy that there is a full deletion of the gene in 90% of cases. Ichthyosis vulgaris is caused by heterozygous mutations in the FLG gene encoding filaggrin. It is important to note that the clinical forms of these diseases are indistinguishable. The aim of this study was to search for pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations which are associated with various forms of the inherited ichthyosis such as other inherited diseases with similar phenotypic signs. The sequencing was done on a HiSeq 4000 sequencer (Illumina) by paired-end reading (2 × 150 bp). The identified mutation p.Arg2037Ter in the heterozygous condition has been described before in databases as being pathogenic. Also, our patient has a full deletion of the STS gene and it was found that our patient carries two pathogenic mutations which are related to different forms of the inherited ichthyosis.
Anti-inflammatory activity of emu oil-based nanofibrous scaffold through downregulation of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α pro-inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Vahedian Vahid , Asadi Amirhooman , Esmaeili Parisa , Zamani Shahbaz , Zamani Reza , Hajazimian Saba , Isazadeh Alireza , Shanehbandi Dariush , Maroufi Nazila Fathi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundInflammation is one of the most important responses of the body against infection or disease, and it protects tissues from injury; however, it causes redness, swelling, pain, fever and loss of function. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of emu oil (Eu) formulated nanofibrous scaffold in HFFF2 fibroblast cells.Materials and methodsEu was formulated successfully in nanofibers through the electrospinning method. Besides, the morphological and structural properties of Eu nanofibres were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MTT assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) was performed to evaluate the HFFF2 fibroblast cells’ viability. Also, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory signaling pathway in treated HFFF2 cells with Eu nanofiber.ResultsOur study showed that the Eu nanofiber increased the viability of fibroblast HFFF2 cells (p < 0.05). Also, the expression of interleukin1 (IL1),IL6and tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α) pro-inflammatory cytokines genes were significantly decreased in treated HFFF2 cells with Eu nanofiber (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn conclusion, Eu nanofiber scaffold potentially can reduce the inflammation process through downregulation of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α cytokines.
Cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes, risk factors and preventive strategies
Authors: Sharma Garima , Parihar Arti , Talaiya Tanay , Dubey Kirti , Porwal Bhagyesh , Parihar Mordhwaj S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a modifiable risk factor in progression of several diseases including dementia and type 2 diabetes. If cognitive impairments are not reversed at an early stage of appearance of symptoms, then the prolonged pathogenesis can lead to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, it is necessary to detect the risk factors and mechanism of prevention of cognitive dysfunction at an early stage of disease. Poor lifestyle, age, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and inflammation are some of the major risk factors that contribute to cognitive and memory impairments in diabetic patients. Mild cognitive impairment was seen in those individuals of type 2 diabetes, who are on an unhealthy diet. Physical inactivity, frequent alcohol consumptions, and use of packed food products that provides an excess of cheap calories are found associated with cognitive impairment and depression in diabetic patients. Omega fatty acids (FAs) and polyphenol-rich foods, especially flavonoids, can reduce the bad effects of an unhealthy lifestyle; therefore, the consumption of omega FAs and flavonoids may be beneficial in maintaining normal cognitive function. These functional foods may improve cognitive functions by targeting many enzymes and molecules in cells chiefly through their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, or signaling actions. Here, we provide the current concepts on the risk factors of cognitive impairments in type 2 diabetes and the mechanism of prevention, using omega FAs and bioactive compounds obtained from fruits and vegetables. The knowledge derived from such studies may assist physicians in managing the health care of patients with cognitive difficulties.
Separation of K2CO3 from Li+ Brine with Aid of CO2 and Trace of Metastable Quaternary System Li+–K+–CO3
2−–HCO3
−–H2O
Authors: Xue Yuli , Zhang Yan , Tan Xiaoling , Li Wenqing , Li Zhongshu , Xu Shaonan , Zhang Peng , Wang Jian , Zhang Peiping , Miao Shiding 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
It is of importance to reclaim single-salt of potash from Li+-type brines of low concentration. In this work the potassium salts KHCO3 was efficiently separated from the lithium carbonate-type brines with the aid of CO2 carbonation. The phase field was provided in which the precipitation of KHCO3 occurs and single-salt of potassium can be obtained. The low concentration of [Li+] was also successfully concentrated to a high level (8.1 g/L), and this concentration can be used as sources for Li+-salts production using pre-developed strategies, which looks forward wider applications of the lithium resources of natural brine. This state-of-art was traced via isotherm evaporation on the quaternary system of Li+–K+–CO3
2−–H2O at 298.15 K in which the carbonation steps were performed by CO2. Metastable phase diagram was found to consist of three invariant points, seven univariant curves, and four crystallization fields corresponding to Li2CO3, KHCO3, potassium carbonate sesquihydrate (K2CO3 ⋅ 3/2H2O), and a potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate double salt (K2CO3 ⋅ 2 KHCO3 ⋅ 1.5H2O). There was no crystallization field corresponding to LiHCO3. The pH-composition diagram and density-composition diagram were also plotted. This work was carried out in aim of extracting/separating single salts of alkali metals from carbonate-type brines of west China.
Diverse Spatiotemporal Scales of Cholinergic Signaling in the Neocortex
Authors: Disney Anita A. , Higley Michael J. 
Published: January 2020

ACh is a signaling molecule in the mammalian CNS, with well-documented influence over cognition and behavior. However, the nature of cholinergic signaling in the brain remains controversial, with ongoing debates focused on the spatial and temporal resolution of ACh activity. Generally, opposing views have embraced a dichotomy between transmission as slow and volume-mediated versus fast and synaptic. Here, we provide the perspective that ACh, like most other neurotransmitters, exhibits both fast and slow modes that are strongly determined by the anatomy of cholinergic fibers, the distribution and the signaling mechanisms of receptor subtypes, and the dynamics of ACh hydrolysis. Current methodological approaches remain limited in their ability to provide detailed analyses of these underlying factors. However, we believe that the continued development of novel technologies in combination with a more nuanced view of cholinergic activity will open critical new avenues to a better understanding of ACh in the brain.Dual Perspectives Companion Paper:Forebrain Cholinergic Signaling: Wired and Phasic, Not Tonic, and Causing Behavior, by Martin Sarter and Cindy Lustig
Human Values Model Analysis on Organizational Commitment in Higher Eduation
Authors: Mahmud Amir , Susilowati Nurdian , Tusyanah Tusyanah 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to test the human values model in order to determine satisfaction, values, work motivation, and organizational commitment of lecturers at the Faculty of Economics, UNNES. The population are all employees (BLU, CPNS, and PNS) of UNNES. By using propotinate random sampling, there are 323 employees as research sample. Furthermore, data is collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. The data were collected using questionnaires, then were analyzed using path analysis. The results of the study were. firslyt, satisfaction with remuneration and work motivation could directly influence organizational commitment. Secondly, work motivation successfully mediated the influence of values on organizational commitment. Different things showed that satifaction with remuneration had no influence on organizational commitment when mediated by work motivation
El concepto de Nuestra América en José Martí
Authors: López-Civeira Francisca 
Published: January 2020

El artículo analiza el proceso de construcción del concepto “Nuestra América” por José Martí así como su importancia como pilar fundamental en la estrategia continental martiana. El análisis de la realidad y de los problemas de la América Latina independiente vistos en México, Guatemala y Venezuela y el examen de la sociedad estadounidense, abrieron las posibilidades para la elaboración del concepto, el cual contenía una estrategia continental para superar los problemas internos y los peligros externos.
UNDERSTANDING POSTMODERNISM: NORTHERN BLOCKS OF PODIL
Authors: Anisimov Oleksandr 
Published: January 2020

Reevaluation of Soviet heritage is a contested topic nowadays. At this moment debates are happening about the attempts to conserve the projects of High Modernism in the USSR of the 1970s and 1980s or even to designate them as heritage. In this article, however, the author attempts to reveal another dimension: postmodern architecture within the life span of the Soviet Union. The case discussed in the article is a housing estate “4blocks” located on the edge of the industrial zone in the Podil district in Kyiv, Ukraine.
Podil area was spared from being rebuilt according to the modernist planning proposal in 1968. Afterwards, the district became a testing ground for experimental projects, part and parcel of which is the “4blocks” housing. One can perceive this project being a watershed between different periods of late modernism and postmodernism because of the specific architectural approach and the influence this project exerted on the following architectural production. In the article, the unique conditions which allowed the team of architects to work with unprecedented freedom are discussed. In what way did architects reflect on and use international influences in their projects? How did they work with the local peculiarities of landscape, materials, built environment and archaeology?
The article also touches upon the topic of the change in approaches toward the historic urban areas in the late USSR. To highlight the parallels between local and international contexts and reflect on the resulting project the author uses the then-contemporary poststructuralist philosophy. Similarities of the concepts put forward by the philosophy in its critique of architectural Modernism and those used by the authors in “4blocks” is striking. One can conclude that Ukrainian Soviet architecture evolved into a variety of different styles in the mid-1980-s, and this project can be considered a vivid example of one of such styles, so-called postmodernism.
Selenium sebagai Suplemen Terapi Kanker: Sebuah Review
Authors: Mirdayani Eli , Puspitasari Irma M. , Abdulah Rizky , Surbanas Anas 
Published: January 2020

Selenium merupakan unsur mikronutrien yang penting bagi kesehatan manusia. Di dalam tubuh, selenium tersebar di semua organ dalam bentuk senyawa terkonjugasi protein (selenoprotein). Senyawa selenoprotein setidaknya mengandung selenosistein yang terdiri dari asam amino sistein. Senyawa selenoprotein pada umumnya bersifat antioksidan. Selenium dihubungkan dengan pengaruhnya terhadap kesehatan manusia termasuk beberapa jenis penyakit kanker. Studi penggunaan suplementasi selenium pada terapi kanker dengan radiasi dan kemoterapi menunjukan peningkatan kadar selenium pada plasma, meningkatkan efektivitas terapi, menurunkan efek samping dari terapi, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien kanker. Artikel review ini bertujuan untuk menggali dan mengevaluasi pemanfaatan selenium sebagai suplemen terapi pada pasien kanker yang menjalani radioterapi dan kemoterapi. Penelusuran referensi dilakukan melalui database PubMed, Science Direct dan Google Scholar dengan menggunakan kata kunci “Selenium”, “Selenoprotein”, “Selenium and cancer therapy”, “Selenium and Chemotherapy” dan “Selenium and Radiotherapy”. Hasil penelusuran menunjukkan bahwa selenium merupakan unsur mikronutrien yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai komponen suplemen dalam pencegahan penyakit kanker dengan dosis umum 100–400 mikrogram per hari.Kata kunci: Selenium, selenoprotein, terapi kanker Selenium As a Cancer Therapy Supplement: A ReviewAbstractSelenium is an essential element of micronutrients for human health. In the body, selenium is spread in all organs in the form of a conjugated protein compound (selenoprotein). The compound contains at least a selenocysteine consisting of cysteine. Selenoprotein compounds are generally antioxidants. Selenium is linked to its effects on human health including some types of cancer. Studies on the use of selenium supplementation in cancer therapy with radiation and chemotherapy showed elevated plasma selenium levels, increased therapeutic efficacy, reduced side effects, and improved quality of life for cancer patients. This review aimed to investigate and evaluate the utilization of selenium as a supplement in cancer treatment for patients who undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Database searching was performed through PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar using the keywords “Selenium”, “Selenoprotein”, “Selenium and cancer therapy”, “Selenium and Chemotherapy” and “Selenium and Radiotherapy”. The results showed that selenium is a micronutrient that can be developed as a supplement component in the prevention of cancer with a therapeutic dose of 100–400 micrograms per day.Keywords: Cancer therapy, selenium, selenoprotein
PERSONAJES EN LOS BRAVOS: EL BUEN SAMARITANO
Authors: Martin Gregorio C. 
Published: January 2020

Estudio en este trabajo los personajes de Ia mencionada obra de Fernández Santos, unos seres abandonados a su suerte - no sabríamos que hay un gobierno a no ser por el pago de impuestos y la presencia de los guardias - que son incapaces de solidalizarse para enfrentar la tarea común de sobrevivir. Víctimas de sus propias flaquezas, de quien sabe explotarlas y de su aislamiento, han vivido siempre sumisos al poder arbitrário de un cacique, don Prudencio. Éste, hornbre despótico y orgulloso, cuando ve que el pueblo que ha dominado por anos le sobrevive, trata de aparentar que mantiene los resortes de un poder que se le escapa con la vida. Al final lo vemos agonizar lentamente, pero sin renunciar por un momento a su brutal egoísmo, mientras el pueblo, que ha sufrido tanto por no tener nada, ve con pasmosa indiferencia cómo el cacique sufre por tener que dejarlo todo. Las otras personas que llegan al pueblo no tienen nombre. La profesión las identifica - el guarda, el viajante, los guardias, el cura, el médico - porque lo que importa es cómo la ejercen y las consecuencias que su obrar tiene para la comunidad. El médico, totalmente opuesto ai cacique, halla a través de la duda y de la reflexión, y tras un episodio que no deja de tener cierto simbolismo, que su destino es amar el prójimo. Es por amor a ese prójimo que comienza salvando a un hombre para al pueblo quitándoselo a la ley, y termina entregando un hombre a la ley quitándoselo al pueblo. Así como el cacique representa el mundo como es, el médico representa el mundo como nos gustaría que fuera. GCM
TRES POETAS EN BUSCA DE AMÉRICA: ALBERTI, GUILLÉN Y HUGHES
Authors: May Barbara Dale 
Published: January 2020

Lã relacíón biográfica-líteraría entre los poetas Rafael Alberti, Nicolás Guillén y Langston Hughes representa tanto una fuente rica para investigaciones críticas como una interseccíón de culturas y razas. Aquí se estudia la relación íntima entre la enajenación social y la unidad fraterna espiritual que son elementos importantes de la poesía de los tres. Se puede decir que la Espana de los anos '30 proporcionó el eje para la amistad de estos poetas y les proveyó del ímpetu necesario para buscar consuelo en una nueva América utópica. Para todos, Alberti, Guillén y Hughes, la caída de Espana lealista en 1939 significó una amenaza a su ideal político y tarnbién un desafío para Ia contínuacíón de su poesía comprometida. Por medio de Ia búsqueda de una América ideal, cada poeta parece menos un portavoz de su propio pueblo y más bien el representante de una generación y un pueblo universales, BDM
DOUBLE PERSPECTIVE IN TWO WORKS OF JORGE AMADO
Authors: J. Chamberlain Bobby 
Published: January 2020

O rico filão irônico que pervaga a ficção recente de Jorge Amado tem se manifestado frequentemente na presença de uma dupla perspectiva, ora de ação ora de personagem. Isto é evidente sobretudo nas duas novelas do livro Os Velhos Marinheiros. O presente trabalho analisa os vários tipos de dupla perspectiva existentes em “Quincas” e “Comandante”, confrontando-os entre si de acordo com os critérios assinalados por quatro críticos de renome. Seguindo as declarações de Northrop Frye, observa-se em ambas peças a ironia decorrente do triunfo dentro da catástrofe, o que implica uma certa postura sectária da parte do autor. Daí a simples aparência da neutralidade, gerada pela visão binária. Nota-se , ao mesmo tempo, com Wayne C. Booth, que a criação de duas perspectivas ambíguas difere da “ironia estável” por sua falta de univocidade e que a ambiguidade de ambas perspectivas redunda em sua “irrealização” individual. Assim, verificamos nas duas novelas que cada uma das perspectivas sacrifica um pouco de sua verossimilhança interna para encaixar-se mais plausivelmente com a outra. A existência na mesma narrativa de duas perspectivas mutuamente exclusivas nos leva a sintetizar uma terceira que as reconcilie, segundo Sharon Spencer. A ambiguidade, tanto de “Quincas” como de “Comandante”, obriga cada leitor, portanto, a inventar a própria verdade particular. Deduzimos uma quarta abordagem da opinião de Roland Barthes sobre o duplo sentido. Se bem que desempenhe principalmente a função do recurso dilatório, adiando a resolução dos enigmas do texto, o duplo sentido em si também constitui uma espécie de “contracomunicação” da parte do autor. Dessa maneira, Amado, valendo-se do que poderia ser considerado como um tipo de duplo sentido de perspectiva, parece afirmar-nos que a verdade não é recuperável em sua totalidade, que sempre existirão discrepâncias internas- mesmo nas chamadas sínteses- e que, afinal de contas, cada um há de resolver a questão da verdade a parti das próprias tendências e da própria razão. Conclui-se que, apesar de certas diferenças superficiais, ambas as novelas utilizam a dupla perspectiva de uma maneira semelhante. A associação das perspectivas deficientes com classes sociais ou éticas divergentes enfatiza a incapacidade de qualquer classe ou ética para satisfazer todas as necessidades humanas. A verdade fica indeterminada e as resoluções- a sugerida ressuição de Quincas e a milagrosa tempestade de Vasco- revelam-se como imposições sentimentais do novelista saído de sua deliciosa mas simulada imparcialidade.
TWO MODERN AUTOS BY ARIANO SUASSUNA
Authors: A. Mazzara Richard 
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo discutem-se duas peças de Suassuna, revelando este como um dos chefes duma corrente cultural e literária que é ao mesmo tempo que continuação do Modernismo paralela do romance nordestino. Apesar de se ter escrito muito sobre o Auto da Compadecida, a crítica ainda não examinou detalhadamente a técnica, o estilo, nem a humanidade das personagens, criadas principalmente pela estilização cômica que é também base importante da universalidade da obra. Antes de discutir mais a universalidade desta, é necessário, portanto, assinalar os elementos regionais a que se deve seu grande sucesso. É evidente, porém, que o uso do termo “auto” sugere alguma coisa além do regional, e o leitor pensa naturalmente em Gil Vicente. Vários elementos do Auto da Compadecida parecem ter se originado do teatro vicentino, como, por exemplo, o papel do Palhaço e os diálogos cômicos de João Grilo e Chicó. A segunda parte lembra especialmente os julgamentos, tanto quanto outros elementos dos autos das Barcas. O papel dos diabos é interessante no teatro dos dois teatrólogos. Uma semelhança importante existe entre o Papa da Barca da Glória e o Bispo da Compadecida, descrevendo as duas obras, seja pelo Cristo da primeira, seja pelo Encourado da segunda, as virtudes que deveriam ter os mais altos representantes da Igreja contrastadas com os defeitos que na realidade eles possuem. Em A Pena e a Lei Suassuna volta à mesma inspiração eclética e propõe-se os mesmo motivos da Compadecida. A obra tem uma evolução comprida, sendo o primeiro ato essencialmente uma pequena farsa de 1951, com muitos elementos regionais, como a primeira versão da Compadecida, como também o terceiro ato de A Pena e a Lei, com o título de “Auto da Virtude da Esperança”. Os dois atos têm muito do auto tradicional, embora seja duma maneira geral e misturada, como é normal no teatro total moderno que se parece tanto com o teatro medieval e vicentino. Como na época medieval, tudo na obra de Suassuna procura demonstrar a identidade básica do sobrenatural e do natural. Como Gil Vicente, Suassuna é um satirista suave, esforçando-se por esclarecer os motivos humanos das personagens mais indignas, e para que sejam julgadas e perdoadas com compaixão.
RIVERA NAS MISSÕES ORIENTAIS
Authors: D. Macarthy Moreira Earle 
Published: January 2020

Episódio de certa forma marginal, da Guerra da Cisplatina (1825-1828), a invasão das Missões rio-grandenses por Frutuoso Rivera reverteu exclusivamente em benefício do próprio caudilho uruguaio. Testemunha ocular dos fatos, o militar e historiador argentino Manuel Alejandro Puyerredón publicou em vida interessante crônica a respeito, cuja tradução integral para o português aí está, precedida de um pequeno estudo sobre o protagonista principal e rápida notícia biográfica sobre o autor.
EL SINCRETISMO AFRO-CATÓLICO EM CUBA Y BRASIL
Authors: Nodal Roberto 
Published: January 2020

El propósito de este articulo es el destacar brevemente el fenomeno del sincretismo afro-católico en las prácticas religiosas de Cuba y Brasil. Dicho fenomeno se produjo como resultado de la fusión entre las creencias africanas (principalmente Yorubas) y el catolicismo, manifestandose bajo el nombre de Santería en Cuba y Candomblé en Brasil. Ambas prácticas oferecen hoy um ritual, fruto de ese sincretismo, que con denominaciones distintas asocian los santos católicos de las deidades del panteon Yoruba. Las referidas manifestaciones religiosas aportan a sus adeptos la satisfacción de sus necesidades espirítuales, remedios para las enfermidades, y la esperanza de sobrevivir en el más allá.