bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of TGSE BLADE DWI in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma compared with RESOLVE DWI
Authors: Sheng Yaru , Hong Rujian , Sha Yan , Zhang Zhongshuai , Zhou Kun , Fu Caixia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Based on its high resolution in soft tissue, MRI, especially diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), is increasingly important in the evaluation of cholesteatoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of the 2D turbo gradient- and spin-echo (TGSE) diffusion-weighted (DW) pulse sequence with the BLADE trajectory technique in the diagnosis of cholesteatoma at 3T and to qualitatively and quantitatively compare image quality between the TGSE BLADE and RESOLVE methods.Method A total of 42 patients (23 males, 19 females; age range, 7-65 years; mean, 40.1 years) with surgically confirmed cholesteatoma in the middle ear were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent DWI (both a prototype TGSE BLADE DWI sequence and the RESOLVE DWI sequence) using a 3-T scanner with a 64-channel brain coil.Qualitative imaging parameters (imaging sharpness, geometric distortion, ghosting artifacts, and overall imaging quality) and quantitative imaging parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], signal-to-noise ratio [SNR], contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR]) were assessed for the two diffusion acquisition techniques by two independent radiologists.ResultA comparison of qualitative scores indicated that TGSE BLADE DWI produced less geometric distortion, fewer ghosting artifacts (P<0.001) and higher image quality (P<0.001) than were observed for RESOLVE DWI. A comparison of the evaluated quantitative image parameters between TGSE and RESOLVE showed that TGSE BLADE DWI produced a significantly lower SNR (P<0.001) and higher parameter values (both contrast and CNR (P < 0.001)) than were found for RESOLVE DWI.The ADC (P<0.001) was significantly lower for TGSE BLADE DWI (0.763×10-3mm2/s) than RESOLVE DWI (0.928×10-3 mm2/s).Conclusion Compared with RESOLVE DWI, TGSE BLADE DWI significantly improved the image quality of cholesteatoma by reducing magnetic sensitive artifacts, distortion, and blurring. TGSE BLADE DWI is more valuable than RESOLVE DWI for the diagnosis of small-sized (2 mm) cholesteatoma lesions. However, TGSE BLADE DWI also has some disadvantages: the whole image intensity is slightly low, so that the anatomical details of the air-bone interface are not shown well, and this shortcoming should be improved in the future.
Economics of the Management of Craniospinal Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma and the Feasibility of the Bundled Payment Model
Authors: Aljuboori Zaid , Ugiliweneza Beatrice , Wang Dengzhi , Andaluz Norberto , Boakye Maxwell , Williams Brian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Healthcare expenditures are continuously rising in the United States. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) created a new reimbursement model called the “Bundled Payment for Care Improvement (BPCI)”. This model reimburses providers a predetermined payment in advance to cover all possible services delivered to patients within a certain time window. Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma are locally aggressive malignant primary bony tumors. Treatment includes surgical resection and radiotherapy with substantial risk for recurrence which necessitates monitoring and further treatment. We assess the BPCI model in complex neurosurgical diseases.
Methods
We obtained data from the United States MarketScan database. Patients were identified patients using the International Classification of Diseases 10 codes.
Results
A total of 2041 patients were included. 1412 patients had cranial, 343 patients had a mobile spine, and 286 patients had sacrococcygeal chordoma and chondrosarcoma. For Index hospitalization, the median length of stay (days) was 4, 6, and 7, mean total payments were ($58,130), ($84,854), and ($82,440), and complication rates were 30%, 35%, and 43% for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The payments during the first 6 months after discharge were comparable to the amounts reimbursed during the index hospitalization for all groups.
Conclusion
The management of craniospinal chordoma and chondrosarcoma is costly and sustained over time. The success of BPCI requires a joint effort between insurers and hospitals. It should consider patients’ comorbidities, the complexity of the disease. Finally, adoption of quality improvement programs by hospitals can help with cost reduction.
Utilization pattern of kangaroo mother care after introduction in eight selected neonatal intensive care units in China
Authors: Liu Xin , Li Zhankui , Chen Xiaohui , Cao Bei , Yue Shaojie , Yang Changyi , Liu QiongYu , Yang Chuanzhong , Zhao Gengli , Feng Qi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background To understand the feasibility and method of adoption of KMC in the context of China's NICUs. Describe the utilization of kangaroo mother care (KMC) in eight self-selected neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) participating in premature birth and infant’s intervention program. Methods A cross-sectional study of preterm infants discharged from eight NICUs in April 2018 . For infants was collected this included postnatal day and corrected gestational age (GA) at KMC initiation, frequency and duration of KMC provision and whether the infant was receiving respiratory support. A nurse-administered questionnaire on parents’ knowledge and experience of KMC provision was administered to parents providing KMC. Results 135 preterm infants received KMC, 21.2% of all preterm infants discharged. 91.1% of those who received KMC were below 34 weeks GA, 91.1% had a birth weight below 2000g, and 20.7% needed respiratory support at KMC initiation. Average KMC exposure was greater in infants born at GA <28 weeks that babies born at greater GA. Conclusion After advocacy, training and promotion, intermittent KMC was initiated on more immature and high-risk infants, and well-accepted by parents. We suggest to continue to promote parents KMC education enhancing preterm infant health.
Prevalence of Familial Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: OConnor Emer , Simpson B S. , Houlden H. , Vandrovcova J. , Matharu Manjit 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The population rate of familial cluster headache (CH) has been reported to be as high as 20%, however this varies considerably across studies. To obtain a true estimate of family history in CH, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of previously published data. Methods: Our systematic review involved a search of electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL) to identify and appraise studies of interest utilising the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. To further ameliorate the accuracy of our analysis we included an additional unpublished cohort of CH patients recruited at a tertiary referral centre for headache, who underwent detailed family history with diagnostic verification in relatives. Data was extracted and meta-analysis conducted to provide a true estimation of family history. Results: In total, we identified 7 studies which fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The estimated true prevalence of CH patients with a positive family history was 6.27% (95% CI:4.65-8.40%) with an overall I 2 of 73% . Fitted models for gender subgroups showed higher estimates 9.26% (95% CI: 6.29-13.43%) in females. However the I 2 for the female model was 58.42% and significant (p=0.047). Conclusion: Our findings estimate a rate of family history in CH to be approximately 6.27% (95% CI:4.65-8.40%) . While estimates were larger for female probands, we demonstrated high heterogeneity in this subgroup. These findings further support a genetic role in the aetiology of CH.
Well-managed gestational diabetes mellitus may not increase the risk for neonatal respiratory symptoms — a case-control study
Authors: Xi Guannan , Ying Qian , Wang Xuefeng , Luo Fei , Lu Chengqiu , Yang Yun , Wang Jimei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes in pregnancy used to be considered associated with a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in neonates. However, as antenatal examinations have improved, whether well-managed gestational diabetes remains an independent risk factor is unclear. This study was to determine the associations of well-managed gestational diabetes with morbidity and complications of RDS. Method This was a case-control study conducted at the Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. We collected data from 101 RDS infants and 101 RDS infants from among 1749 infants, through a standardized protocol with predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Assessment of diabetes management was based on HbA1c and random blood glucose measurements. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR). An intergroup analysis was conducted between RDS infants and those without RDS, and a subgroup analysis was conducted between RDS neonates born to women with gestational diabetes and those born to women without gestational diabetes. RESULTS The mean (±SD) gestational age of the RDS infants was 35.9 (1.9) weeks, which was similar to that of the non-RDS infants (35.7 (±1.3) weeks). The HbA1c levels at diabetes diagnosed, the HbA1c levels right before delivery and the RBG levels before delivery had no significant differences, and all of them were below a well-controlled level. In the intergroup analysis, the morbidity of gestational diabetes between the two groups showed no significant differences in the adjusted analyses (adjusted OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.59-3.36). However, the case group had significantly more placental abnormalities (adjusted OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.63-8.00), fetal distress (adjusted OR 4.20, 95% CI 1.87-9.46), and asphyxia (adjusted OR 3.74, 95% CI 1.59-8.81) than the control group. In the subgroup analysis, the total dose of the PS applications, incidence of complications, and need for respiratory support (total and separate) were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Well managed gestational diabetes is no longer a significant risk factor for RDS, while acute or chronic ischemia factors are. With regards to most GDM, diet and exercise are sufficient for maintaining an HbA1c below 6.5%
Xeno-free, chemically defined and scalable monolayer differentiation protocol for retinal pigment epithelial cells
Authors: Reyes Alvaro Plaza , Petrus-Reurer Sandra , Sánchez Sara Padrell , Kumar Pankaj , Douagi Iyadh , Bartuma Hammurabi , Aronsson Monica , Westman Sofie , Lardner Emma , Falk Anna , Nandrot Emeline F. , Kvanta Anders , Lanner Fredrik 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With cell therapies advancing towards the patients’ bedside, there is an increased need for robust and up-scalable protocols to generate clinical grade stem cell-derived products.The protocol we present in the study provides a xeno-free, chemically defined, scalable and robust retinal pigment epithelial cell monolayer differentiation without the need for manual isolation that uses either human embryonic stem cells or human induced pluripotent stem cells as a starting material.
WITHDRAWN: The genetic association between TLR-1, -2, -4, and -6 gene polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility in a Chinese Han population
Authors: Peng Yuqin , Chen Bingqian , Sheng Xiaowen , Qian Yufeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The toll-like receptor (TLR) genes were shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. We aimed to investigate the genetic associations between the TLR-1, -2, -4, and -6 genes polymorphisms and RA susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Methods : Six polymorphisms (TLR-1 (rs5743610, rs5743618), -2 (rs5743708), -4 (rs4986790, rs4986791), and -6 (rs5743810)) in TLRs genes were genotyped in 360 patients with RA and 560 matched healthy controls by using direct sequencing method. The ORs and 95% CIs were evaluated using a standard logistic regression analysis. Results : No significant association between the allelic, dominant and recessive models of TLR-1 rs5743618, TLR-2 rs5743708, TLR-4 rs4986790 and rs4986791, and TLR-6 rs5743810 polymorphisms and RA risk was observed (p>0.05). However, significant associations were detected between the allelic, dominant and recessive models of TLR-1 rs5743618 and RA risk (allelic: OR[95%CI]= 2.21 [1.73, 2.81], p<0.0001; dominant: OR[95%CI]= 2.33 [1.75, 3.09], p<0.0001; recessive models: OR[95%CI]= 3.70 [1.85, 7.41], p=0.0002), In addition, the TLR6 rs5743810 was found to be associated with the RF - and anti-CCP - antibody in RA group (RF: OR[95%CI]= 2.29 [1.42, 3.69], p=0.0007; anti-CCP: OR[95%CI]= 2.33 [1.39, 3.89], p=0.001). Conclusions : The allelic, dominant, and recessive models of TLR1 rs5743618 might be associated with RA susceptibility. And the TLR6 rs5743810 might be associated with RF and anti-CCP antibody in RA in Chinese Han population.
Optical see-through head-mounted display (OST-HMD)–assisted needle biopsy for breast tumor: a technical innovation
Authors: Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Morisaki Tamami , Kouhashi Rika , Ishihara Sae , Yabumoto Akimichi , Takashima Tsutomu , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Histological examinations using needle biopsy in ultrasound-guided intervention are widely performed to detect lesions by ultrasound. On the other hand, augmented reality (AR) is a new technology that provides new awareness by using a computer to extend the real environment perceived by humans. AR was introduced in the medical field in recent years. Optical see-through head-mounted displays (OST-HMD) are worn on the head and can faithfully generate an AR image by wearing the device on the head as a spectacle-type device. Here, we developed an ultrasound-guided needle biopsy technique using OST-HMD for breast tumors.Methods: Moverio BT-35E (Seiko Epson Corp, Nagano, Japan) was used as the OST-HMD device. This technique involves performing needle biopsy under direct vision via the gap at the bottom of the display while the ultrasound images are projected on the display of the OST-HMD worn on the head. In conventional ultrasound-guided procedures, needle biopsy is performed while maintaining a posture facing the monitor of a fixed ultrasonic device, which restricts the examination doctor’s posture and movement. However, with this technique, needle biopsy can be executed smoothly with no posture restrictions. A flip shade affixed to the OST-HMD has 2% transmittance, which enables clearer projection of the images.Conclusions: This article outlines the ultrasound-guided needle biopsy using OST-HMD. Here we established a safe and accurate biopsy technique with technological innovations using AR.
Climatology of Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) Observed with GPS Networks in the North African Region
Authors: Oluwadare Temitope Seun , Jakowski Norbert , Valladares Cesar E. , Akala Andrew Oke-Ovie , Abe Oladipo E. , Alizadeh Mahdi M. , Schuh Harald 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We present for the first time the climatology of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) by using Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver networks on geomagnetically quiet days (Kp ≤ 3) over the North African region during 2008-2016. The MSTIDs appear frequently as oscillating waves or wave-like structures in electron density induced by the passage of Atmospheric Gravity Waves (AGW) propagating through the neutral atmosphere and consequently, causing fluctuation in the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC). The TEC perturbations (dTEC) data are derived from dual frequency GPS-measurements. We have statistically analyzed the occurrence rate, diurnal and seasonal behavior as well as the annual MSTID occurrence characteristics. The results show a local and latitude dependence of nighttime and daytime MSTIDs. The propagation direction is predominantly towards the South (equatorward), MSTIDs event period is (10 ≤ period ≤ 43 mins), and amplitude (0.08 ≤ amp ≤ ~5.0 TECU), with a velocity higher at nighttime than daytime. The amplitudes for daytime and nighttime MSTIDs increase with solar activity. On the average, the local MSTIDs Spatio-temporal heat map for the Mid-latitude reveals variability in disturbance occurrence time to be dominant within the hours of 0900 - 1600 LT in December solstice (winter) and 1900–0400 LT in June solstice (summer) for daytime and nighttime respectively. While the low latitude reveals the disturbance occurrence time to be dominant within the hours of 1100 - 1800 LT in December solstice (winter) and 2000–0200 LT in equinox months and June solstice (summer) for daytime and nighttime respectively. The time series MSTIDs regional distribution map is also generated. Atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) might be responsible for the excitation mechanism for daytime MSTIDs.
Identification of key prognosis-associated genes in the lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ma HongBo , Wu XiaoLi , Tao MiaoMiao , Jithin Uthaman , Zhou GenDou , Li YanYan , Zhou Qi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death globally, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for almost 40% of all lung cancer cases. In recent years, despite better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and achievements in the multimodal treatment of tumors, there is an urgent need to identify new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers In this study, we aim to identify the potential key genes related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of LUAD by using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. The gene expression profile was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and we calculated the LUAD immune scores and stromal scores by using the ESTIMATE algorithm. Based on these scores, we further quantified the immune and stromal components and obtained the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tumor. Overall survival analysis could better reflect the impact of genes related to immune and stromal cells on the prognosis. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were conducted, while protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was obtained from STRING. Analysis of the correlation revealed that these genes are mainly involved in the immune/inflammatory response. In conclusion, our study showed that 11 prognostic genes (CD33, IRF8, CD80, CD53, IL16, LY86, CD79B, TYROBP, CD1E, CD1C, and CD1B) might show a potentially good performance in predicting overall survival in patients with LUAD. In summary, we identified the key genes related to the microenvironment, which can further serve as the prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LUAD.
Bronchial foreign body: a disease that should not be ignored
Authors: Gong Ling , Huang Yi , Huang Guichuan , Liu Daishun , Tang Xiaoping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objects: This study aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations, sources, and treatment methods used in patients with a bronchial foreign body. Methods: We analyzed the basic characteristics, clinical signs, CT imaging presentations, pathological manifestations, pathological biopsy results, fiberoptic bronchoscopic surgical techniques, and interventional therapeutic approaches in seven patients with a bronchial foreign body. Results: Among the seven patients with a bronchial foreign body, there were three males and four females. Of the patients, five patients were over 50 years old. Duration of time since onset varied, ranging between six hours and 30 days. One patient had finger pulse oxygen saturation below 90%. Foreign body was the cause of presentation in all seven cases. Computed tomographic scans were normal in one patient, one patient showed a left lung disease, and five patients showed a right lung disease. The presence of the foreign body could be seen in only one patient. Pathological biopsies identified a chili peel in one case, a duck bone in one case, a tooth in one case, and peanuts in three cases. In the seventh patient, a pen cap was found without a pathological biopsy. Using fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the foreign bodies were found and removed in all patients. We also performed bronchial stenosis in three patient, bronchial stenosis with granulation tissue formation in two patients. Conclusion: Neglected foreign bodies in the bronchi could cause various complications and seriously affect the patient's health.
The gut microbiota of rural and urban individuals is shaped by geography and lifestyle
Authors: Kabwe Mubanga , Vikram Surendra , Mulaudzi Khodani , Jansson Janet , Makhalyane Thulani 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Understanding the structure and drivers of gut microbiota remains a major ecological endeavour. Recent studies have shown that several factors including diet, lifestyle and geography may substantially shape the human gut microbiota. However, most of these studies have focused on the more abundant bacterial component and comparatively less is known regarding fungi in the human gut. This knowledge deficit is especially true for rural and urban African populations. Therefore, we assessed the structure and drivers of rural and urban gut mycobiota. Results Our participants (n=100) were balanced by geography and sex. The mycobiota of these geographically separated cohorts was characterized using amplicon analysis of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene. We further assessed biomarker species specific to rural and urban cohorts. In addition to phyla which have been shown to be ubiquitous constituents of gut microbiota, Pichia were key constituents of the mycobiota. We found that several factors including geographic location and lifestyle factors such as the smoking status were major drivers of gut mycobiota. Linear discriminant and the linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis revealed several distinct urban and rural biomarkers. Conclusions Together, our analysis reveals distinct community structure in urban and rural South African individuals. Geography and lifestyle related factors were shown to be key drivers of rural and urban gut microbiota.