bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remission from nicotine dependence among people with severe mental illness who received help/services for tobacco/nicotine use
Authors: Alghzawi Hamzah , Trinkoff Alison , Zhu Shijun , Storr Carla 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesA growing body of evidence supports pharmacological interventions to assist smoking cessation in people with severe mental illness (SMI); that is, lifetime major depressive disorder, bipolar disorders, or schizophrenia. Little is known about whether behavioral services are also associated with high probability of remission from nicotine dependence as compared to other types of help/services received (pharmacological, behavioral, or both).MethodsA sample of 726 American lifetime adult smokers with SMI and a history of nicotine dependence, who received help/services for tobacco/nicotine use, were identified. These data came from a limited public use dataset, the 2012–2013 NESARC‐III. Survival analysis was used to compare the probability of remission from nicotine dependence and the time needed for full remission from nicotine dependence by type of help/services received for tobacco/nicotine use.ResultsRemission was more frequent among those who received behavioral services. In addition, the average time from onset of nicotine dependence until full remission from nicotine dependence was shorter among those who received behavioral services.ConclusionsThe current study suggests a clinical need for behavioral interventions to promote the probability of remission from nicotine dependence among smokers with SMI. Health care providers could play a role in educating and encouraging smokers with SMI to seek and utilize behavioral services.
A smooth muscle‐derived, Braf‐driven mouse model of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST): evidence for an alternative GIST cell‐of‐origin
Authors: Kondo Jumpei , Huh Won Jae , Franklin Jeffrey L , Heinrich Michael C , Rubin Brian P , Coffey Robert J 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gut. GISTs are thought to arise solely from interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), a KIT‐positive population that controls gut motility. Activating gain‐of‐function mutations in KIT and PDGFRA are the most frequent driver events, and most of these tumors are responsive to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib. Less common drivers include mutant BRAFV600E and these tumors are resistant to imatinib. A mouse model of GIST was recently reported using Etv1, the master transcriptional regulator of ICC‐intramuscular (IM) and ICC‐myenteric (MY), to induce mutant Braf expression. ICC hyperplasia was observed in Etv1CreERT2;BrafLSL‐V600E/+ mice but loss of Trp53 was required for development of GIST. We identified previously expression of the pan‐ErbB negative regulator, LRIG1, in two distinct subclasses of ICC [ICC‐deep muscular plexus (DMP) in small intestine and ICC‐submucosal plexus (SMP) in colon] and that LRIG1 regulated their development from smooth muscle cell progenitors. Using Lrig1CreERT2 to induce BrafV600E, we observed ICC hyperplasia beyond the confines of ICC‐DMP and ICC‐SMP expression, suggesting smooth muscle cells as the cell‐of‐origin. To examine this possibility, we selectively activated BrafV600E in smooth muscle cells. Myh11CreERT2;BrafLSL‐V600E/+ mice developed not only ICC hyperplasia but also GIST and in the absence of Trp53 disruption. In addition to providing a simpler model for mutant Braf GIST, these results provide conclusive evidence for smooth muscle cells as an alternative cell‐of‐origin for GIST. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polymethacrylamide—An underrated and easily accessible upper critical solution temperature polymer: Green synthesis via photoiniferter reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization and analysis of solution behavior in water/ethanol mixtures
Authors: Eckert Tilman , Abetz Volker 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWithin the group of stimuli‐responsive, “smart” materials, upper critical solution temperature (UCST) polymers remain sparsely investigated. Thus, this work focusses on a vastly ignored UCST polymer: polymethacrylamide (PMAAm). A cost‐efficient photoiniferter reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization yielding narrowly dispersed (Đ < 1.1) PMAAm is presented. This PMAAm exhibits highly thermoreversible UCST‐type phase transitions (PT) in water/ethanol mixtures (ethanol content: 17–35 wt%) which are investigated via temperature dependent dynamic light scattering (DLS). Apart from the ethanol content, the PT temperature is affected by polymer mass fraction and chain length and varies between 10–80 °C depending on the three mentioned parameters. Lastly, PMAAm's propensity towards amide hydrolysis and concomitant PT‐suppression is investigated. Below temperatures of 40 °C, PMAAm solutions show no sign of amide hydrolysis for at least three days, however, if heated to 70 °C, the thermoresponsiveness gradually degrades within hours.
Development of a Pharmacokinetic Model Describing Neonatal Fc Receptor‐Mediated Recycling of HL2351, a Novel Hybrid Fc‐Fused Interleukin‐1 Receptor Antagonist, to Optimize Dosage Regimen
Authors: Ngo Lien , Oh Jaeseong , Kim Anhye , Back Hyun‐moon , Kang Won‐ho , Chae Jung‐woo , Yun Hwi‐yeol , Lee Howard 
Published: September 2020

HL2351 (hIL‐1Ra‐hyFc) is a novel recombinant protein formed by the fusion of two human interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist components into one antibody‐derived fragment crystallizable portion. Although HL2351 has a pharmacological mechanism of action similar to that of anakinra as a commercialized biopharmaceutical drug, HL2351 has been desired to reduce the dose frequency and improve therapeutic efficacy due to its long circulation half‐life. In this study, we aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for HL2351 using a neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)–mediated recycling model based on a quasi‐steady‐state approximation of target‐mediated drug disposition (TMDD) for the description of interactions between the drug and FcRn. FcRn recycling was expected in the case of HL2351 because of PK related to the antibody portion. A TMDD model was also applied to describe interactions of IL1R with HL2351 or anakinra. PK data were collected from a phase I study conducted in six groups (1, 2, 4, 8, 12 mg/kg HL2351 and 100 mg anakinra single subcutaneous administration; n = 8 per group). In consequence, the PK of anakinra and HL2351 following administration of multiple doses at different dosages were simulated. Optimized doses were considered based on average concentrations of IL1R bound to anakinra and HL2351. HL2351 at doses of 326 mg or 4.267, 4.982, 5.288, 5.458, or 5.748 mg/kg once weekly or HL2351 at 1726 mg or 21.92, 26.86, 29.10, 30.36, or 32.53 mg/kg once biweekly would have similar therapeutic effects with anakinra at a dose of 100 mg or 1, 2, 3, 4, or 8 mg/kg administered once daily, respectively.
Influence of pressure on piezoelectric, polarizing, and magnetic nature of SmFeO3: A DFT study
Authors: Mubarak Ahmad A. , Tariq Saad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this article, we have presented structural, electronic, magnetic, mechanical, and optical attributes of SmFeO3 under pressure up to 80 GPa. These aforesaid properties are investigated by using state‐of‐the‐art density functional theory. The structural stability of the compound has been tested using the tolerance factor, enthalpy of formation, and elastic stability criteria of the elastic constants. Electronic band structure, the density of states, high magnetic moment, and Fermi surface analysis affirms the ferromagnetic nature of the studied compound throughout the pressure. We expect piezoelectric phenomena of the compound to be between 20 and 40 GPa pressure due to the increasing internal strain parameter with pressure. Moreover, the polarizing nature of the material is pressure‐dependent, which seems to decrease with an increase in pressure, while the minimum thermal conductivity of the compound is observed to be maximum along (110) direction, which increases with an increase in pressure. Our results suggested that the studied compound could be useful in the spintronic industry, in pressure‐dependent fast memory storage devices, and in piezoelectric sensors.
Determination of C0–C9 alkyl phenols in produced‐water‐exposed fish eggs using gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Oppegård Martin , Hansen Bjørn Henrik , Sørensen Lisbet 
Published: September 2020

RationaleProduced water (PW) discharge from the oil and gas industry represents the largest intentional marine waste volume. Alkyl phenols (APs) are one of the main toxic component groups found in PW, with concentration of APs in discharged PW from the Norwegian Sector of the North Sea up to >16 mg/L. Several species of fish spawn in direct proximity to offshore production platforms and may be at risk of AP exposure. Therefore, a sensitive method to determine the potential for bioaccumulation of APs in fish eggs is needed.MethodsFish eggs were extracted using liquid–solid extraction followed by gel permeation chromatography cleanup. Analysis was performed by gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Extraction and analytical conditions were optimized for analysis of phenol and 30 APs (C1–C9) with different degrees of branching in the alkyl chain. The method was verified and applied to analyze the body residue of APs in PW‐exposed marine fish (Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua) eggs.ResultsA comprehensive and sensitive method for the determination of C0–C9 APs was developed. Detection limits were in the range 0.03–8 ng. Apart from a few compounds with poor recovery, the method generally provided reliable results with good precision (<15%).ConclusionsWe demonstrate the successful application of an optimized extraction method for APs in fish eggs and show first results of AP accumulation in cod embryos exposed to PW in the laboratory.
Regulatory considerations for developing a phase I investigational new drug application for autologous induced pluripotent stem cells-based therapy product
Authors: Jha Balendu Shekhar , Farnoodian Mitra , Bharti Kapil 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-based therapies have been hailed as the future of regenerative medicine because of their potential to provide treatment options for most degenerative diseases. A key promise of iPSC-based therapies is the possibility of an autologous transplant that may engraft better in the longer-term due to its compatibility with the patient's immune system. Despite over a decade of research, clinical translation of autologous iPSC-based therapies has been slow—partly due to a lacking pre-defined regulatory path. Here, we outline regulatory considerations for developing an autologous iPSC-based product and challenges associated with the clinical manufacturing of autologous iPSCs and their derivatives. These challenges include donor tissue source, reprogramming methods, heterogeneity of differentiated cells, controls for the manufacturing process, and preclinical considerations. A robust manufacturing process with appropriate quality controls and well-informed, prospectively designed preclinical studies provide a path toward successful approval of autologous iPSC-based therapies.
The (not so) dark side of entrepreneurship: A meta‐analysis of the well‐being and performance consequences of entrepreneurial stress
Authors: Lerman Michael P. , Munyon Timothy P. , Williams David W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResearch summaryAlthough the study of entrepreneurs' stress has encompassed nearly 40 years, the literature to date is marked by ambiguity, conflicting results, and the absence of a cohesive theoretical framework with which to describe stress phenomena. In response, the current investigation extends the challenge hindrance stressor framework to the context of entrepreneurship, testing how challenge and hindrance stressors impact entrepreneurs' well‐being and performance. Our meta‐analytic results show that challenge stressors enhance entrepreneurs' performance, but hindrance stressors harm entrepreneurs' well‐being. Additionally, comparison of our meta‐analytic results with findings on nonentrepreneurs suggests that entrepreneurs experience better outcomes from challenge and hindrance stressors than do nonentrepreneurs. Our findings have important implications for the utility of measuring and categorizing specific stressors and the value of individual‐level characteristics in coping with stressors.Managerial summaryEntrepreneurs face many stressors as they start and run their ventures. However, prior research provides conflicting evidence regarding the impact of stressors on entrepreneurs and on the performance of their ventures. To address this conflicting evidence, we theorize that entrepreneurs' stressors can be categorized as either challenges (i.e., those that promote growth or mastery) or hindrances (i.e., those that promote loss or prevent mastery) and that each category of stressor differentially influences entrepreneurs' well‐being and venture performance. Using meta‐analysis, we found that challenge stressors increase performance whereas hindrance stressors had no significant effects on performance. Further, challenge stressors had no significant effects on well‐being, whereas hindrance stressors negatively affected well‐being. Finally, we identify important differences in these relationships between entrepreneurs and nonentrepreneurs.
The moderating effect of core self‐evaluations between the relationships of work–family conflict and voluntary turnover, job promotions and physical health
Authors: Peltokorpi Vesa , Michel Jesse 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite strong evidence that individuals process stressor‐strain relationships differently, little attention in work–family conflict research has been given to moderating effects of core self‐evaluations (CSE). Integrating conservation of resources theory with work–family conflict and CSE research, we predicted that CSE has moderating effects between the relationships of work‐to‐family conflict (WFC) and voluntary turnover, job promotions, and physical health. We tested our predictions at two time points over a 14‐month period with a sample of 731 working mothers in Japan. Results confirmed that CSE moderated the relationships between WFC and voluntary turnover, job promotions, and physical health, such that respondents with higher CSE had lower degrees of voluntary turnover, higher degrees of job promotions, and lower degrees of health problems. This study helps clarify the inconsistent effects of WFC on voluntary turnover in previous research, expands on the limited research examining WFC and job promotion, and provides consistent evidence that CSE act as a moderator between WFC and outcomes.
Sustainability and Chaos in the Abiotic Polymerization of 3′,5′ Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate: The Role of Aggregation
Authors: Costanzo Giovanna , Šponer Judit E. , Šponer Jiří , Cirigliano Angela , Benedetti Piero , Giliberti Valeria , Polito Raffaella , Di Mauro Ernesto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPolymerization of 3′,5′ cyclic guanosine monophosphate (3′,5′ cGMP) was previously reported to afford short RNA sequences from a plausible mildly activated prebiotic precursor in a non‐enzymatic and template‐free manner. In the current paper we analyze the reaction with PAGE as well as by infrared micro‐ and nanospectroscopy on time scales not considered before. We provide evidence that a preliminary oligomerization step in dry state allows for a continued synthesis of RNA oligomers even in the presence of subsequently added water. On a longer time scale, the oligomerization yield oscillates in an apparently chaotic fashion hinting at the importance of some non‐reversible phase‐separation processes on the experimentally observed outcome of the polymerization/degradation chemistries. The long‐lasting (hundreds of hours) intrinsic sustainability and resilience of the process gives a robust prebiotic potential to this unique oligomerization reaction, which could lead to the very first oligonucleotide sequences on the primordial Earth.
Cryopreservation and its effects on motility and gene expression patterns and fertilizing potential of bovine epididymal sperm
Authors: Nazari Hassan , Ahmadi Ebrahim , Hosseini Fahraji Hamid , Afzali Azita , Davoodian Najmeh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite encountering new challenges in using epididymal sperm recovered from cauda epididymides, this accessible and, in some species, worthwhile sample makes inevitable the further development of a suitable cryopreservation protocol. In this study, sperm was recovered from the epididymis of 4°C overnight stored slaughtered bulls' testes and the effects of cryopreservation on the bovine epididymal sperm motility (with CASA) and gene expression patterns (with quantitative Real time‐PCR) were evaluated. Moreover the fertilizing potential of cryopreserved epididymal sperm was used in in vitro fertilization (IVF). After freezing and thawing of epididymal sperm, total and slow progressive sperm motility, VCL, VAP, MAD, ALH and BCF were significantly decreased (p < .05), while in the parameters of fast progressive motility, VSL, LIN, WOB and STR there were not any significant variations in the frozen sperm compared to fresh (non‐frozen) counterpart. The assessment of abundance of transcripts encoding motility (TSSK6) and fertility (PRM1 and PRM2)‐related genes in epididymal sperm, showed that these transcripts were affected by freezing especially in slow progressive motility status (p < .01). Furthermore, cleavage and blastocyst rate did not present any significant differences between bovine embryos produced in vitro by fresh or frozen‐thawed epididymal sperm. It can be concluded that epididymal sperm has enough freezability after overnight testes storage, and cryopreservation could not affect the percentage of in vitro produced embryos in spite of the changes of relative abundance of some transcripts and direction progressive motility pattern of sperm.
Holographic quarkyonic matter
Authors: Kovensky Nicolas , Schmitt Andreas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We point out a new configuration in the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model, allowing baryons in the pointlike approximation to coexist with fundamental quarks. The resulting phase is a holographic realization of quarkyonic matter, which is predicted to occur in QCD at a large number of colors, and possibly plays a role in real-world QCD as well. We find that holographic quarkyonic matter is chirally symmetric and that, for large baryon chemical potentials, it is energetically preferred over pure nuclear matter and over pure quark matter. The zero-temperature transition from nuclear matter to the quarkyonic phase is of first order in the chiral limit and for a realistic pion mass. For pion masses far beyond the physical point we observe a quark-hadron continuity due to the presence of quarkyonic matter.
The Lorentzian inversion formula and the spectrum of the 3d O(2) CFT
Authors: Liu Junyu , Meltzer David , Poland David , Simmons-Duffin David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study the spectrum and OPE coefficients of the three-dimensional critical O(2) model, using four-point functions of the leading scalars with charges 0, 1, and 2 (s, ϕ, and t). We obtain numerical predictions for low-twist OPE data in several charge sectors using the extremal functional method. We compare the results to analytical estimates using the Lorentzian inversion formula and a small amount of numerical input. We find agreement between the analytic and numerical predictions. We also give evidence that certain scalar operators lie on double-twist Regge trajectories and obtain estimates for the leading Regge intercepts of the O(2) model.
The 5d superconformal index at large N and black holes
Authors: Crichigno P. Marcos , Jain Dharmesh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study the large N limit of the superconformal index of a large class of 5d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 superconformal field theories and show it is given by the square of the partition function on the squashed five-sphere. We show this simple relation implies a Cardy formula in 5d, which is valid in an “extended” regime in which fugacities are finite and N is large. For theories with weakly coupled gravity duals we conjecture this large N Cardy formula universally accounts for the microscopic entropy of spinning black holes in AdS6. We check this explicitly for known black hole solutions in massive type IIA and type IIB string theory, carrying two angular momenta and one electric charge, and predict the entropy of black holes carrying multiple electric charges, yet to be constructed. We also discuss large N properties of the $$ {S}_b^3\times {\Sigma}_{\mathfrak{g}} $$

S
b
3

×

Σ
g

partition function, extending previous results to theories with type IIB duals.
Determination of free chlorine based on ion chromatography—application of glycine as a selective scavenger
Authors: Abdighahroudi Mohammad Sajjad , Schmidt Torsten C. , Lutze Holger V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFree available chlorine (FAC) is the most widely used chemical for disinfection and in secondary disinfection; a minimum chlorine residual must be present in the distribution system. FAC can also be formed as an impurity in ClO2 production as well as a secondary oxidant in the ClO2 application, which has to be monitored. In this study, a new method is developed based on the reaction of FAC with glycine in which the amine group selectively scavenges FAC and the N-chloroglycine formed can be measured by ion chromatography with conductivity detector (IC-CD). Utilizing IC for N-chloroglycine measurement allows this method to be incorporated into routine monitoring of drinking water anions. For improving the sensitivity, IC was coupled with post-column reaction and UV detection (IC-PCR-UV), which was based on iodide oxidation by N-chloroglycine resulting in triiodide. The method performance was quantified by comparison of the results with the N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) method due to the unavailability of an N-chloroglycine standard. The N-chloroglycine method showed limits of quantification (LOQ) of 24 μg L−1 Cl2 and 13 μg L−1 Cl2 for IC-CD and IC-PCR-UV, respectively. These values were lower than those of DPD achieved in this research and in ultrapure water. Measurement of FAC in the drinking water matrix showed comparable robustness and sensitivity with statistically equivalent concentration that translated to recoveries of 102% for IC-CD and 105% for IC-PCR-UV. Repeatability and reproducibility performance were enhanced in the order of DPD, IC-CD, and IC-PCR-UV. Measurement of intrinsic FAC in the ClO2 application revealed that the N-chloroglycine method performed considerably better in such a system where different oxidant species (ClO2, FAC, chlorite, etc.) were present.
Plattenepithelkarzinom der Haut
Authors: Wolf Ingrid H. 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel beschreibt das morphologische Spektrum des Plattenepithelkarzinoms der Haut (PEK), insbesondere die verschiedenen klinischen und histopathologischen Formen, deren Unterscheidung für die Diagnose und Therapie dieses häufigen Hauttumors wichtig ist. Außerdem wird über eine neue hoffnungsvolle Immuntherapie berichtet.