bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrition Education to the Community
Authors: SASTROAMIDJOJO SOEMILAH 
Published: October 2019

The improvement of the nutritional status of the Indonesian children require an increase in food production, per capita income, level of education, better environmental hygiene, immunization and health services and nutrition education.
Nutrition education is an important as an adequate food supply (by the government) and purchasing power as long as long as ignorance and superstitions concerning food are present.
The importance of nutrition education is realized by the lndonesian government and is reflected in its Five Years Development Plans.
Nutrition education will be emphasized and included in the program of health improvement.
There should be ''educators" (in nutrition) available to make this program a success.
The medical doctor, even more the pediatrician, is potentially, the right person as nutrition educator. However, the clue is that each doctor realizes the importance of nutrition education and does nutrition education, making the best use of his/her potentials.
The Hazards of Malnutrition in Early Infancy
Authors: Indrawati Ratna 
Published: October 2019

Severe protein calorie malnutrition is often accompanied by vitamin A deficiency and intercurrent infections. These three conditions have a synergistic action on each other. The younger the infant, the more severe are the hazards of nutritional deficiency.
Severe malnutrition in early infancy results in:

Direct hazards to the infant consisting of:

Retardation of physical development.
Retardation of brain development with subsequent impairment of learning ability.
Decreased resistance against infections.
PCM is a predisposing factor to diarrhoea, with aggravated the malnutrition.
Blindness due to vitamin A deficiency.
Intrathecal Hydrocortisone in the Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis (Preliminary Report)
Authors: N. Harsoyo , Trastotenojo Moeljono S. , Soejono Soejono , Abubakar Dedy , Warman Indra 
Published: October 2019

A trial on the treatment of tuberculous meningitis with intrathecal hydrocortisone, beside INH, PAS, and Streptomycin, performed at the Dr. Kariadi General Hospital in October 1972, is reported. Eighteen patients were treated, giving good results; 5.6% mortality were noted. A great number of complications
of optic nerve atrophy (61.1 %) were found and 22.2% with early atrophy recovered. The results are better compared with those of Choremis et al. (1957) who found a mortality of 13.7% among 29 patients with tuberculous meningitis treated in the same way, except P.A.S.
Children's Immunization Status and Family Size of Doctor'S FaMilies in Dr. Pirngadi Haspital Medan
Authors: Arsyad Johnny , Arsyad Fuad , Lubis Chairuddin P. , Siregar Helena 
Published: October 2019

A study of children’s immunization status and family size of doctor’s families in Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, lndonesia had been conducted on December 1982.
The study was done by distributing questionaires to 105 doctors.
From this study we found 247 children consisting of 19 children under 1 year of age and 228 over 1 year. Basic immunization had been done in 177 children (71.66%). Most of them had been vaccinated against Tuberculosis (95.95%). but only 2 children had been vaccinated against Measles (0.81%). The doctors who had 2 children were 30.47% and mean of total wanted children was 3.30.
Awareness of immunization besides BCG and family planning should be increased among the doctors in Dr. Pinrgadi Hospital.
Factors Influencing Empyema in Children
Authors: Kartasasmita Cissy B. , Rosmayudi Oma , Wahyunarti Rita 
Published: October 2019

Incidence of empyema in children at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital is still high, commensurate with the high number of cases of pneumonia. Thirty-seven children with empyema were studied from July 1984 to December 1985; 20 of them were females and 17 males with the age ranging between 5 months and 12 years.
Three patients (8.1 %) had loculated fluid as observed on chest roentgenographs; the remainder had empyema sinistra and dextra at 43.2% and 48.6% respectively. More than 50% of the patients were undernourished (56. 7%), 5 of whom were marasmic. On admission, 89.2% complained of dyspnea, 24.3% of cough, 16.2% of high fever and 10.8% of chest pain. All patients suffered from acute respiratory tract injection (ARI) 7 to 30 days before admission, 70.3% of whom did not receive adequate medication and 5 individuals received no treatment at all. Chest tube drainage was performed on 34 patients. In the study, 3 patients died (8.1%) due to sepsis. All recovered patients had pleural thickening on chest roentgenographs on discharge.
The role of under nutrition, delay of medication and inadequate treatment of ARI seemed to have an1 influence on empyema in the patients observed.
Treatment of Infantile Spasms with Valproic Acid
Authors: Soetomenggolo Taslim S. 
Published: October 2019

During 2 years (1985- 1986), 12 patients with infantile spasms were treated at the Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta.
The diagnosis of infantile spasms was based on the specific clinical manifestation and the specific EEG pattern. -Head CT Scan was done to look for abnormalities of the brain. Eleven (91.6%) of the 12 patients had suffered from neurological deficit before treatment was started. Eleven patients suffered from developmental retardation one patient suffered from cerebral palsy, and 5 patients had microcephaly. In nine (75%) of the 12 patients, the EEG showed hypsarrhythmia, and in 3 (25%) multi focal spikes were found.
All of the 12 patients were treated with the combination of ACTH/dexamethasone and valproic acid. Excellent results were found in 8 (66. 7%) patients, and good in 4 (33.3%). All of the EEG abnormalities disappeared after treatment.
Comparison between 200 ml and 1 liter packages of oral rehydration solution prepared by mothers of patients with diarrhea in the oral rehydration room
Authors: Suryanto Muhammad , Hariati Renny , Soenarto Yati , A. Moenginah P. 
Published: October 2019

To have a comparison between the preparation of oral rehydration solution (ORS) of 200 ml and 1 liter packages, a study had been done in 30 mothers of children under five years of age suffering from diarrhea who treated their children in oral rehydration room (group I) and 30 mothers of non diarrheal children under five years sampled in the out-patient Department of Child Health, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital (group II).
No significant difference was found (p <0.05) concerning the sodium concentration in th ORS of 200 ml and in the 1 liter package (group I: 85.95 ± 16.07, and 81.52 ± 16.21, group II 98.11 ± 24.67 and 97.02 ± 21.87) (mEq/L, Mean ± SD). Of 30 mothers group 11, 5 mothers (19.23%) made mistakes in preparing the I liter packages of ORS and the sodium concentration in this package was higher compared to the concentration in the 200 ml package. There was no significant difference concerning diluted volume and the sodium concentration between group I and the recommended method, but there was a significant difference (p < 0.005) between group II and recommended method.
A significant difference was also found (p ( 0.001) between group I and group 11 about the mothers knowledge of the effect of diarrhea, the use of ORS, the amount of ORS that must be given lo !he patients and !he indications to refer the patients to !he health center or hospital.
Is Family Planning Already Accepted by the Present Generation? Freshmen's View on Family Planning at University of North Sumatera, Medan ( Third Report )
Authors: Syarifuddin Amir , Thahir Irwan , Hasibuan Berlian , Siregar Zakaria , Siregar Helena 
Published: October 2019

A study on views of family planning among freshmen of University of North Sumatera, Medan was conducted for the third time in 1985.
Questionnaires was distributed to 2245 freshmen of whom 1997 gave the response consisting of 1153 males and 844 females.
The result showed that most of the freshmen (67,59%) planned to have only 2-3 children and get married at the ages of 25- 29 ye1rs· 31,30% wished to have 2 sons and 1 daughter,· 79,75% had the opinion that son or daughter is the same, nearly all of them (97,75%) were planning to have a small family, whereas 34,95% planned to choose IUD for their family-planning method.
We can conclude that family planning is well accepted by the present generation.
Investigations on the Aetiology and Antibiotic Management of Neonatal Septicemia
Authors: Monintja Hans Eldih 
Published: October 2019

This is a prospective study aimed in identifying the latest aetiological factors of neonatal sepsis in Dr. Cipto General Hospital, Jakarta, and investigating the efficacy of antibiotics treatment especially with ceftriaxone.
This study revealed that the present main causative microorganisms are as follows: Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and E. coli. The case fatality rates being: (1) Standard treatment with ampicillin and gentamycin: 80.9%, (2) S(andard treatment with consomittant ceftriaxone: 20%, (3) Ceftriaxone: 9,52%.
It seems that in facing neonatal septicemia, the initial antibiotic should be the third generation cephalosporine. The second choice is chloramphenicol. However, the causative agent and the sensitivity test should be monitored regularly.
Recent Advances in the Management of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in Children
Authors: Fine Richard N. 
Published: October 2019

It has been almost 20 years since the initial report were published detailing the use of the dual treatment modalities of dialysis and renal transplantation to treat children with ESRD. During this time, the outlook for the infant, child and adolescent with ESRD has changed dramatically from abject pessimism to cautious optimism.
Initially, hemodialysis was the principle dialytic technique utilized; however, intermittent peritoneal dialysis was used occasionally in selected centers. The latter required less technical expertise, but necessitated considerably more dialysis time and was significantly less efficient at alleviating the clinical and biochemical consequences of uremia.
Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem aplicado à promoção da educação inclusiva: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Vitaliano Célia Regina , Prais Jacqueline Lidiane de Souza , Santos Katiane Pereira dos 
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar a aplicação do Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem (DUA) na promoção da educação inclusiva em produções científicas brasileiras. Para tanto, adotou como encaminhamento metodológico as etapas da revisão sistemática para uma busca em diversos sites científicos que resultaram na identificação de 24 estudos sobre o tema. A leitura exaustiva das obras analisadas permitiu a organização dos dados de análise em cinco categorias: 1) elaboração de material didático, 2) formação docente inicial e/ou continuada, 3) planejamento de ensino, 4) articulação com outro conceito e 5) prática pedagógica. As análises desenvolvidas evidenciaram a natureza das produções científicas que abordam a perspectiva do DUA no contexto da inclusão educacional. Além disso, os resultados forneceram subsídios teóricos e práticos para a compreensão das possibilidades de implementação do DUA para favorecer o aprimoramento da educação inclusiva nos diferentes níveis e modalidades de ensino.
A robust grey wolf-based deep learning for brain tumour detection in MR images
Authors: Geetha A. , Gomathi N. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn recent times, the detection of brain tumours has become more common. Generally, a brain tumour is an abnormal mass of tissue where the cells grow uncontrollably and are apparently unregulated by the mechanisms that control cells. A number of techniques have been developed thus far; however, the time needed in a detecting brain tumour is still a challenge in the field of image processing. This article proposes a new accurate detection model. The model includes certain processes such as preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. Particularly, two extreme processes such as contrast enhancement and skull stripping are processed under the initial phase. In the segmentation process, we used the fuzzy means clustering (FCM) algorithm. Both the grey co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) as well as the grey-level run-length matrix (GRLM) features were extracted in the feature extraction phase. Moreover, this paper uses a deep belief network (DBN) for classification. The optimized DBN concept is used here, for which grey wolf optimisation (GWO) is used. The proposed model is termed the GW-DBN model. The proposed model compares its performance over other conventional methods in terms of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, negative predictive value (NPV), the F1Score and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), false negative rate (FNR), false positive rate (FPR) and false discovery rate (FDR), and proves the superiority of the proposed work.
Οἱ ἰατροὶ λέγουσι … – Erläuterungen zur anatomischen Terminologie in Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς
Authors: Grimm-Stadelmann Isabel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The anatomical and physiological treatise Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς is characterized by a peculiarity of medical terminology which is largely unknown from comparable texts: on the one hand, anatomical terms are put into relation with corresponding terms from poetic language, on the other hand they are precisely defined by descriptions of objects of everyday use. The considerable discrepancy between the Greek original and its Latin translation is of particular interest against the background of the renaissance of Περὶ τῆς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς in the 16th century AD. The multiple versions of the Latin translation show that medical terminology in Latin language was still in an ongoing process of development, for which reason many Greek anatomical terms were inserted untranslated into the Latin text due to a lack of an adequate Latin equivalents. For this reason Περὶ τῆς τοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου κατασκευῆς plays a central role in the development of anatomical terminology, but also in its becoming more and more specific and precise.
Die Entstehungszeit des Calvitii encomium von Synesios
Authors: Horáček Filip 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
If we take into account all chronologically relevant data, the book must have been written in 404, perhaps in 403 or in the winter of 405. A passage of Calv. enc. implies that Synesius was married when composing the essay as, in fact, he had been since 402 or 403. This terminus post quem is corroborated by the identification of Synesius’ Epistle 74 as accompanying letter for the Praise of Baldness which was sent after the author’s return to Cyrene in 401. Also, Calv. enc. shows a connection to Synesius’ Dion from 404. As for the terminus ante quem, it is set clearly by the war that broke out in 405, since Synesius would not have been able to write this hilarious literary piece under the conditions of war and most likely not even later in his lifetime.
Father and son like eagle and eaglet – concepts of animal species and human families in Byzantine court oration (11th/12th c.)
Authors: Schmidt Tristan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The idea that physical features and character traits are inherited from ancestors is central to the self-identification and representation of pre-modern elites. For the 12th-century Byzantine aristocracy, the idea of family and ancestry was of major importance. Members of the military elite frequently had themselves depicted as the latest scions of a lineage of brave warriors. The ruling Komnenoi and Angeloi tried to establish dynastic claims to the throne by presenting their families as being more fit to rule than any other. To support these claims, panegyrists turned to nature in search of legitimizing comparanda. The idea that animal species reproduce unchanged and pass on their specific traits from one generation to the next, provided a suitable model. Comparisons of emperors or aristocrats and their sons with lion and lion cub or eagle and eaglet were popular images in court poetry. Through a detailed examination of this imagery, the paper exemplifies how writers and orators made use of theories from ancient/medieval natural science and created legitimizing models for socio-political needs.
Method development for quantitative determination of seven statins including four active metabolites by means of high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry applicable for adherence testing and therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Wagmann Lea , Hemmer Selina , Caspar Achim T. , Meyer Markus R. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Statins are used to treat and prevent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) by reducing the total serum cholesterol concentration. Unfortunately, dose-related side effects and sub-optimal response, attributed to non-adherence amongst others, were described. Therefore, a fast and sensitive liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) method for adherence testing and therapeutic drug monitoring of all currently marketed statins and their active metabolites in human blood plasma should be developed, validated and tested for applicability.

Methods
Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin, as well as ortho- and para-hydroxy-atorvastatin, lovastatin hydroxy acid and simvastatin hydroxy acid were included and several internal standards (IS) tested. Validation was performed according to the guideline of the European Medicines Agency including selectivity, carry-over, accuracy, precision, matrix effects, dilution integrity and analyte stability. Finally, applicability was tested using 14 patient samples submitted for regular toxicological analysis.

Results
Due to an analytical interference of atorvastatin-d5, diazepam-d5 and pentobarbital-d5 were chosen as IS for positive and negative ionization mode, respectively. All statins and metabolites fulfilled the validation acceptance criteria except for fluvastatin, which could not be quantified reliably and reproducibly, most probably due to instability. Analyses of human plasma samples revealed concentrations of statins and metabolites below the reference plasma concentrations in the case of eight patients. However, nothing was known concerning patients’ adherence and time between intake and sampling.

Conclusions
An LC-HRMS/MS method for identification and quantification of atorvastatin, lovastatin, pitavastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin and four active metabolites was successfully developed and applicability demonstrated.
Wide-Angle RCS Enhanced Tag Based on Dielectric Resonator – Lens Combination
Authors: Alhaj Abbas Ali , El-Absi Mohammed , Abuelhaija Ashraf , Solbach Klaus , Kaiser Thomas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn a novel mm-wave localization system, dielectric resonators (DR) have been proposed as passive chipless RFID tags to mark fixed reference nodes. To counter clutter and improve the limited read range due to the low RCS level of a DR at millimeter-wave frequencies we propose a combination of several DRs with a dielectric spherical lens which allows improvement of up to 30 dB. The paper presents the design principle and shows simulation results and experimental verification of a scaled tag operating in the 10–12 GHz range and covering a range of incidence angle of the reader signal of ± 50°. A frequency sweeping RF reader can identify the tag (information) by the peak of the RCS level at its DR resonant frequency. For a multiple-tag scenario we can realize up to 12 different tags which can be discriminated unambiguously by their resonant frequencies in a 1: 1.2 frequency bandwidth.
Credit allocation in heterogeneous banking systems
Authors: D’Amato Marcello , Di Pietro Christian , Sorge Marco M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
World banking systems are almost invariably populated by relatively diverse financial institutions. This paper studies the operation of credit markets where heterogeneous banks compete for investment projects of varying quality in the presence of informational asymmetries. We emphasize on two dimensions of heterogeneity – access to project-specific information vis-à-vis funding costs – which naturally reflect lenders’ comparative disadvantages in the competitive landscape. Two main findings stand out. First, competition across heterogeneous banks can produce multiple equilibria. Thus, economies with similar fundamentals may well display a variety of interest rates and/or market shares for the operating institutions. Second, market failures (overlending) always prove mitigated in heterogeneous banking systems, relative to a world with equally uninformed lenders. This discipline effect however comes with a chance for market fragility, whereby modest changes in the business environment or other fundamentals can trigger large shifts in the price of credit, leading to either highly selective markets or rather ones which overfund ventures of the lowest quality. Extensions of the basic model and some policy implications are also discussed.
Adolescent’s psychological health in Iran
Authors: Simbar Masoumeh , Zare Elham , Shahhosseini Zohreh 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Aim
Adolescence is characterized by dynamic brain development in which the interaction with the social environment shapes the capabilities an individual takes forward into adult life. Improvement of adolescent psychological health depends on the recognition of their needs during this critical transition period. This study aimed to explain the concept of psychological health needs from the perspectives of male adolescents to improve the health of both adolescents and society.

Method
In this qualitative study with a content analysis approach, 52 male adolescents aged 13–18 years participated in 10 semi-structured individual interviews and seven focus group discussions. They expressed their experiences and opinions regarding psychological health needs. Purposive sampling was performed to recruit the adolescents in different areas of Tehran in 2017. Collected data was analyzed using the conventional content analysis method.

Results
The findings were divided into two main themes and five sub-themes including ‘self-esteem (self-cognition and Suitable relationship between teen and family)’, ‘Well-being and calmness (Intellectual affinity, Rich leisure time, Religious beliefs)’.

Conclusion
To promote emotional health in adolescents, it is necessary to plan for the empowerment of community, family, schools by health authorities and devise appropriate health policies.