bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-utility analysis of pralatrexate for relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma based on a case-matched historical control study along with single arm clinical trial
Authors: Park Seonyoung , Kim Ah-Young , Cho Hyenseok , Baik Debora , Lee Hankil , Cho Sunghwa , Kang hye-young 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (R/R PTCL) treated with pralatrexate have previously shown superior overall survival (OS) compared to those who underwent conventional chemotherapy (CC, 15.4 vs. 4.07 months). We conducted an economic evaluation of pralatrexate from a societal perspective.
Methods
Using a Markov model with a weekly cycle, we simulated the experience of patients with R/R PTCL receiving pralatrexate or CC for 15 years. The model consists of five health states; initial treatment, treatment pause, subsequent treatment, stem cell transplantation (SCT) success, and death. Comparative effectiveness was based on PROPEL phase II single-arm study and its matched historical control analysis. Costs included drug, drug administration, monitoring, adverse event management, and SCT costs.
Results
The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of the base case was $39,153 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. The results of one-way sensitivity analysis ranged from $33,949 to $51,846 per QALY gained, which remained within an implicit willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of anticancer drugs in Korea.
Conclusions
Pralatrexate is a cost-effective intervention with improved OS and incremental costs within the WTP limit. Pralatrexate could function as a new therapeutic option for patients suffering from life-threatening R/R PTCL.
Nutritional and Inflammatory Measures Predict Survival of Patients with Stage IV Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Takamizawa Yasuyuki , Shida Dai , Boku Narikazu , Nakamura Yuya , Ahiko Yuka , Yoshida Takefumi , Tanabe Taro , Takashima Atsuo , Kanemitsu Yukihide 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of nutritional and inflammatory measures (controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score, prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS)) on overall survival (OS) in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods: Subjects were 996 patients with stage IV CRC who were referred to the National Cancer Center Hospital between 2001 and 2015. We retrospectively investigated correlations between OS and CONUT score, PNI, and mGPS. Multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression models.Results: After adjusting for known factors (age, gender, ECOG performance status, location of primary tumor, CEA levels, histological type, M category, and prior surgical treatment), all three measures were found to be independent prognostic factors for OS in patients with stage IV CRC (CONUT score, p<0.001; PNI, p<0.001; mGPS, p<0.001). Significant differences in OS were found between low CONUT score (0/1) (n=614; 61%) and intermediate CONUT score (2/3) (n=276; 28%) (hazard ratio (HR)=1.20, p=0.031), and intermediate CONUT score and high CONUT score (≥4) (n=106; 11%) (HR=1.30, p=0.044). For mGPS, significant differences in OS were found between mGPS=0 (n=633; 64%) and mGPS=1 (n=234; 23%) (HR=1.83, p<0.001), but not between mGPS=1 and mGPS=2 (n=129; 13%) (HR=1.13, p=0.319). Patients with low PNI (<48.0) (n=443; 44%) showed a significantly lower OS rate than those with high PNI (≥48.0) (n=553; 56%) (HR=1.33, p<0.001).Conclusions: CONUT score, PNI, and mGPS were found to be independent prognostic factors for OS in patients with stage IV CRC, suggesting that nutritional and inflammatory status is a useful host-related prognostic indicator in stage IV CRC.Trial registration: retrospectively registered
Clinical, laboratory, and radiologic findings associated with mortality in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rhim Hoo Jung , Park Jin Hyun , Lee Yuna , Kwon Seung Chan , Yu Min Gyu , Lee Hunju , Lee Solam , Ahn Yeon-Soon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Although there has been a surge in reports on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the clinical signs and findings associated with fatal outcomes have rarely been studied. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the clinical, laboratory, and radiologic features associated with mortality in COVID-19. A comprehensive search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and other databases including government sources, for articles and reports published until May 1, 2020. We extracted the number of events (mortality and non-mortality) from case series and case-control and cross-sectional studies. Hazard ratios (HR) of each finding were extracted from studies with time-to-outcome analysis. In total, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 18 studies were case-control, cross-sectional, and case series study. Whereas, only 5 studies included time-to-outcome analysis. Male sex, age over 80 years, dyspnea, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, increased troponin I level, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, and need of invasive mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with mortality. The identification of patients at higher risk of mortality has an utmost importance to achieve better treatment outcomes. The findings from our study may aid the prioritization in times of severe shortages of medical resources. Further studies analyzing diverse demographic and geographic populations are needed to generalize the findings from this study.
Treatment of Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease by Acotec Drug-coated Balloon in 435 Patients
Authors: ling rui , Cui Fengqiang , Chen Jianghao , Wang Hui , Shi Wenlong , Li Yanjie , Han Zenghui , Yu Jing , Wang Ling 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: At present, there are many clinical trials of drug coated balloon in the treatment of lower extremity arterial occlusive diseases, but there are not many clinical data in the real world study. Here we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety ofAcotec drug-coated balloon (DCB) for chronic ischemic disease in lower extremity.Methods: Clinical data of 435 patientswith 564occlusive/stenotic lesions in 492lower extremities treated by DCB from April 2016 toApril2019 were retrospectively analyzed.The mean age was 63years.Rutherford stage 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were classified in 11, 167, 182, 109, and 23 limbs, respectively.The mean length of the targeted lesions was 179.6mm. Of all the lesions, 436 located at femoraland/or popliteal arteries, and 128 at infra-popliteal arteries. All the patients were followed up at 6-month intervals. The major evaluation endpoints included late lumen loss (LLL), target lesion restenosis, target lesion revascularization (TLR), and severe clinical events including mortality and major amputation.Results: The technique success rate was 96.1%.Stents were placed in 57 (13.1%) cases for flow-limited dissections or remnant stenosisgreater than 50% after DCB angioplasty.The mean follow-up time was 28.5 ± 12.1 months (12-48 months). The meanLLLwas 1.1 mm, 1.8mm, and 2.8 mm, respectively, 1, 2, and 3 years after operation. The rate ofrestenosis and TLRwas 17.3%and8.2%, respectively, 1 year after operation; 20.6% and 11.6%, respectively, 2 years after operation; 29.4% and 18.3%, respectively, 3 years after operation.Fourteenpatientsdiedand 25received amputation.Conclusion: AcotecDCBwas safe and effective in treating chronic ischemic diseases of lower extremities.A better clinical outcome was achieved in femoro-popliteal arteries, compared toinfrapopliteal arteries.
Cytoreductive Radiotherapy Combined with Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistance Prostate Cancer: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Liu Yang , Long Wen , Zhang Zitong , Mai Lixin , Huang Sijuan , Liu Boji , Cao Wufei , Wu Jianhua , Zhou Fangjian , Li Yonghong , He Liru 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the potential benefit of cytoreductive radiotherapy (cRT) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients receiving abiraterone.Methods: From February 2014 to February 2019, 149 mCRPC patients treated with abiraterone were identified. Patients receiving cRT before abiraterone failure (AbiRT group) were matched by one-to-two propensity score to patients without cRT before abiraterone failure (non-AbiRT group).Results: The median follow-up was 23.5 months. Thirty patients (20.1%) were in the AbiRT group, whereas 119 patients (79.9%) were in the non-AbiRT group. The 2-year overall survival (OS) of patients managed by AbiRT, cRT after abiraterone failure, and no cRT was 89.5%, 72.0% and 72.0%, respectively (P = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, only AbiRT (HR, 0.17; 95%CI, 0.05–0.58; P = 0.004) and prognostic index (HR 2.71; 95% CI, 1.37–5.35; P = 0.004) were significant factors. After matching, AbiRT continued to be associated with improved OS (median OS not reached vs. 44.0 months, P = 0.009). Subgroup analysis revealed that patients aged ≤65 years (HR, 0.09; 95%CI, 0.01–0.65; P = 0.018), PSA ≤20 ng/mL (HR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.09–0.99; P = 0.048), chemotherapy-naïve upon abiraterone treatment (HR 0.20; 95% CI, 0.06–0.66; P = 0.008) and in intermediate prognosis groups (HR 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.57; P = 0.007) had improved OS with AbiRT. Conclusions: cRT before resistance to abiraterone may improve survival in selected mCRPC patients: relatively young, chemotherapy-naïve, with a relatively low PSA level at the diagnosis of mCRPC.
Application of Ultrasound Artificial Intelligence in the Differential Diagnosis Between Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions of BI-RADS 4A
Authors: Niu SIHUA , Huang Jianhua , Li Jia , Liu Xueling , Wang Dan , Zhang Ruifang , Wang Yingyan , Shen Huiming , Qi Min , Xiao Yi , Guan Mengyao , Liu Haiyan , Li Diancheng , Liu Feifei , Wang Xiuming , Xiong Yu , Gao Siqi , Wang Xue , Zhu Jiaan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The classification of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 4A (BI-RADS 4A) lesions is entirely based on the personal experience of doctors and lacks specific and clear classification standards. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) provides a new method for BI-RADS category. We analysed the morphological and texture characteristics of BI-RADS 4A benign and malignant lesions using AI, and the ultrasonic characteristics of BI-RADS 4A benign and malignant lesions were compared to examine the value of AI in the differential diagnosis of BI-RADS 4A benign and malignant lesions.Methods: A total of 206 lesions of BI-RADS 4A examined using ultrasonography were analysed retrospectively, including 174 benign lesions and 32 malignant lesions. All of the lesions were contoured manually, and the morphological and texture features of the lesions, such as circularity, depth-to-width ratio, number of spicules, edge roughness, edge fuzziness, margin lobules, energy, entropy, mean grey level, grey level variance, grey level similarity, internal calcification and angle between the long axis of the lesion and skin（ALS） of the ROI, were calculated using grey level gradient co-occurrence matrix analysis. The differences between benign and malignant lesions of BI-RADS 4A were analysed.Results: There were significant differences between the benign group and malignant group in margin lobules, entropy, internal calcification and ALS (P=0.013, 0.045, 0.045, 0.002, respectively). The malignant group had more margin lobules and lower entropy than the benign group, and the benign group had more internal calcification and a larger ALS than the malignant group. There were no significant differences in circularity, depth-to-width ratio, number of spicules, edge roughness, edge fuzziness, energy, mean of grey level, grey level variance, and grey level similarity between benign and malignant lesions.Conclusion: For benign and malignant lesions of BI-RADS 4A, margin lobules and internal echo uniformity are the critical points of differentiation. Some of the characteristics of atypical benign and malignant lesions are blurry or even inverted, which may lead to a deviation of the characteristics of benign and malignant lesions.
A CASE REPORT OF SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF STAGE IV EWING’S SARCOMA IN AN ADOLESCENT PATIENT
Authors: Kit O. I. , Yurchenko D. Yu. , Burtsev D. V. , Kuznetsov S. A. , Popovyan O. P. , Barashev A. A. , Chernogorov P. V. , Frantsiyants E. M. , Sagakyants A. B. , Kushtova L. B. , Mkrtchyan G. A. , Bespalova A. I. , Starzhetskaya M. V. 
Published: July 2020

Background. Ewing’s sarcoma is one of the most common musculoskeletal cancers in children and adolescents. Extremely aggressive clinical course of Ewing’s sarcoma makes a successful treatment of this tumor difficult. Despite a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of this cancer, including chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy, rapid tumor progression, recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy are still common.Our purpose was to present the results of a personalized approach to multidisciplinary combination treatment for musculoskeletal cancer involving polychemotherapy, 3D conformal radiation therapy and modern surgical technologies.Description of the clinical case. A female patient presented to Rostov Research Institute of Oncology complaining of a tumor and moderate pain in soft tissues of the left iliac region, left lower extremity, and lameness when walking. After complete examination, the patient was diagnosed with Ewing’s sarcoma of the left ilium with lung metastases (Т3N0M1). The patient received 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to EURO EWING 2008 protocol; tumor progression and lung metastasis were registered. Two cycles of second-line chemotherapy were performed; by the decision of the doctors’ council, the first stage of surgical treatment was performed: resection of the left ilium and the defect replacement with a temporary cement spacer. In the postoperative period, the patient underwent 8 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, external beam radiation therapy to the lungs (12 Gy total dose) and the primary tumor (46 iGy total dose), and 12 cycles of supporting therapy. A delayed second reconstructive stage of surgical treatment involved removal of a temporary cement spacer and implantation of an individual pelvic stability system. The patient was followed-up for 25 months after the combination treatment, had no complaints, and was able to ambulate without assistance; the motor function of the left hip joint was fully preserved. Conclusion. The use of non-standard high-technology approaches to surgical treatment of unfavorably localized Ewing’s Sarcoma in combination with chemo-radiation therapy allows patients with advanced tumors to achieve satisfactory results and good quality of life.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MIGRATION ACTIVITY AND INVASIVE POTENTIAL OF CULTURED SOLID TUMOR CELLS
Authors: Danilova A. B. , Nekhaeva T. L. , Misyurin V. A. , Avdonkina N. A. , Emelyanova N. V. , Baldueva I. A. 
Published: July 2020

Understanding of the sequence of events that ensure invasiveness of malignant cells is important for prognostic purposes. The study of the cellular and molecular pathways in the metastatic process lays the foundation for further progress in the treatment of cancer patients.Purpose: a comparative analysis of in vitro migration and invasion of human solid tumor cells isolated from primary and metastatic lesions.Material and Methods. Cell cultures of skin melanoma (SM, n=29), renal cell cancer (RCC, n=2), colorectal cancer (CRC, n=1), soft tissue and bone sarcomas (STBS, n=39) isolated from solid human tumors were studied. Cell migration and invasion were assessed using xCelligence (ACEA Bioscience Inc., USA).Results. All solid tumor cell cultures demonstrated in vitro invasive potential (IP), which was 73.79 % for RCC; 53.16 % for SM; 43.96 % for STBS and 5.16 % for CRC. The rates of migration and invasion (SlopeInv) in STBS cells were higher than those in SM cells (39.33 and 25.3 μm/h (p<0.05), 95.32 and 59.82е-3, respectively (p<0.05). The differences in IP values depending on the origin of STBC cells (primary tumor, relapse, and metastasis) were revealed: 18.11 ± 3.05 %, 25.75 ± 5.57 %, 52.97 ± 5.64 %, respectively (p<0.05). We found a correlation between migration and invasion parameters of solid tumor cells and the expression of factors ensuring their mobility and affecting other cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, including cells of the immune system.Conclusion. The biologically «aggressive» phenotype of SM and STBS cells is associated with the expression of the cancer-testis genes, such as PRAME, PASD1, SSX1 and with the production of HB-EGF, IGFBP, PLGF, PECAM-1, FST, SCF, IL-8. These products can be considered as new targets for therapeutic technologies aimed at influencing metastatic disease.
Analysis of the changes and driving force of the water area in the Ulungur Lake over the past 40 years
Authors: Gao Fan , He Bing , Yan Zhenglon , Xue Songsong , Li Yizhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The inland lakes in arid regions, especially the terminal lakes, are highly sensitive to the influence of human activities and climate change. In order to analyze the evolution of the area of water in Ulungur Lake (Buluntuohai Lake, Jili Lake) and the main causes of those changes, 3S technology, satellite data preprocessing, water extraction and database construction methods are combined with consideration of climatic changes and human activity in this study. The data in this study include 11 phases of remote sensing image data, field mapping data and relevant attribute data of the study area from 1977 to 2017. The results demonstrated the following. (1) Over the past 40 years, the change in Ulungur Lake's area was characterized by natural expansion, fluctuation stability, and recovery increase. Significant changes were mainly concentrated in the waters of Zhonghaizi, Xiaohaizi, Camel's Neck, and the waters near Akekule. (2) The period from 1977 to 1995 was the expansion period of the lake water area, and human activities were the main driving factors. The period from 2000–2017 was a smaller period of expansion of the lake water area, with warmer and more humid climate trends combined with human activities driving the change. (3) The water area that was extracted based on the MNDWI water index method can increase the contrast between bodies of water and buildings, which can aid in interpreting and extracting water element information from flat terrain and single types of surface features. This can provide an effective technical means for quantitative and dynamic analysis of the temporal and spatial changes in lake water area.
Comparative analysis of air scouring and unidirectional flushing of water distribution systems
Authors: Pourcel Florent , Duchesne Sophie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Unidirectional flushing is a widely used method to remove sedimented particles from water distribution systems and prevent water discolouration events. However, it shows low efficiency in cases of high pressure losses, usually requires large volumes of water, and does not remove incrustations. Air scouring is known for being very effective in particle removal with minimal impacts from pressure loss, requiring little water and improving hydraulic capacities by removing soft incrustations. Flushing sequences of unidirectional flushing and air scouring were performed in similar conditions on 18 pipe sections from four water distribution networks located in the province of Quebec, Canada; unidirectional flushing was also performed on 14 additional pipe sections located in three other water distribution networks. Total suspended solid concentration of flushed water, water flow and pressure were recorded to estimate the amount of flushed particles, the required water volume and the evolution of hydraulic capacities. Within the studied networks, the water requirements for air scouring were approximately 8-fold less than for unidirectional flushing and did not significantly improve the hydraulic capacity of the cleaned pipes.
Effect of the Phytochemical Agents against the SARS-CoV and Some of them Selected for Application to COVID-19: A Mini-Review
Authors: Idrees Muhammad , Khan Shamshad , Memon Nazakat H. , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The aim of the present review is to provide basic knowledge regarding the
treatment of Coronavirus via medicinal plants. Coronavirus (COVID-19, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV)
as a viral pneumonia causative agent, has infected thousands of people in China and worldwide. Currently,
there is no specific medicine or vaccine available that can treat or prevent this virus and this has posed
a severe threat to human health; therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel drug or anticoronavirus
vaccine. However, natural compounds to treat coronaviruses are the most effective alternative
and complementary therapies due to their diverse range of biological and therapeutic properties.

Methods:
We performed an open-ended, English restricted search of Scopus database, Web of Science,
and Pubmed for all available literature from Jan-March, 2020, using terms related to phytochemical
compounds, medicinal plants and coronavirus.

Results:
The view on anti-coronavirus (anti-CoV) activity in the plant-derived phytochemicals and
medicinal plants gives a strong base to develop a novel treatment employing these compounds for
coronavirus. Various phytochemicals and medicinal plant extracts have been revised and are considered
as potential anti-CoV agents for effective control of the virus and future drug development. Herein,
we discuss some important plants (Scutellaria baicalensis, Psorothamnus arborescens, Glycyrrhiza
radix, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Lycoris radiate, Phyllanthus emblica, Camellia sinensis, Hyptis atrorubens
Poit, Fraxinus sieboldiana, Erigeron breviscapus, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Amaranthus
tricolor, Phaseolus vulgaris, Rheum palmatum, Curcuma longa and Myrica cerifera) that have
emerged to have broad-spectrum antiviral activity.

Conclusion:
Nigella sativa has potent anti-SARS-CoV activity and it might be a useful source for developing
novel antiviral therapies for coronavirus.
Effects of Antidiabetic Drugs on Muscle Mass in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ida Satoshi , Kaneko Ryutaro , Imataka Kanako , Okubo Kaoru , Shirakura Yoshitaka , Azuma Kentaro , Fujiwara Ryoko , Murata Kazuya 
Published: July 2020

Background:
When considering the administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
(GLP-1RAs), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, or metformin, it is important to
understand their weight loss effect as well as the degree of muscle loss caused by each drug in clinical
practice.

Objective:
To comparatively examine the effects of GLP-1RAs and oral antidiabetic drugs, including
SGLT2 inhibitors and metformin, on muscle mass and body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes via a
network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
We included randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of antidiabetic drugs on muscle
mass and body weight. Mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated
using a random-effects network meta-analysis.

Results:
Of the studies identified, 18 randomized controlled trials (1, 363 subjects) satisfied the eligibility
criteria. In all studies, the effects of these drugs on fat-free mass (FFM) were evaluated. Therefore,
FFM, which is used as an alternative index of muscle mass, was included in the study. Semaglutide
(MD: -1.68, 95% CI: -2.84 to -0.52), dapagliflozin (-0.53, -0.93 to -0.13), and canagliflozin (-0.90, -1.73
to -0.07) showed a significant decrease in FFM compared with the placebo. Metformin did not show a
significant decrease in FFM compared with the placebo. When compared with the placebo, semaglutide,
dapagliflozin, ipragliflozin, and canagliflozin showed a significant weight loss.

Conclusion:
Although semaglutide, dapaglifrozin, and canagliflozin have a large weight loss effect, it is
important to pay attention to muscle loss because a decrease in FFM was observed.