bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The whole class ensemble tuition programme in English schools – a brief introduction
Authors: Fautley Martin , Daubney Alison 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe whole class ensemble tuition (WCET) programme in English schools is a somewhat singular and relatively recent arrival onto the teaching and learning scene. It arose from a remark made by an English politician and has grown from there into becoming a regular feature in the music education landscape in primary schools. It has elements which will be familiar to music educators in many parts of the world, whilst having some aspects which are unique to the English context. In order to place the WCET programme into perspective, this paper outlines the policy context which gave rise to it and explains what it involves and how it is operationalised in schools.
Models of teaching and learning identified in Whole Class Ensemble Tuition
Authors: Fautley Martin , Kinsella Victoria , Whittaker Adam 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Whole Class Ensemble Tuition (WCET) is a model of teaching and learning music which takes place in many English primary schools. It is a relative newcomer to music pedagogy in the primary school. In the groundbreaking study reported in this paper, two new models of teaching and learning music are proposed. These are (a) Music education starts with the instrument and (b) Music education takes place via the instrument. Conceptualised descriptions of classroom music pedagogies are not commonplace, and so this paper makes a significant contribution to the music education research literature by delineating, describing and labelling two of these with reference to the WCET programme. These distinctions are of international significance and are useful to describe differences between programmes, which constitutes a major contribution to music curricula discussions. The paper concludes that clarity on the purposes of teaching and learning is fundamental to effective musical pedagogy and that this is a matter that education systems worldwide should be considering.
Musical culture and the primary school: an investigation into parental attitudes to Whole Class Ensemble Teaching in the English primary school and potential impacts on children’s musical progress
Authors: Anderson Anthony , Barton-Wales Sarah 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMusical cultures in primary schools are influenced by motivators which include intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Whole Class Ensemble Teaching (WCET) as realised through provision from Music Education Hubs in England is an extrinsic factor which has been widely influential. This article explores the dynamics in play in parental engagement in music provision, as realised through domains of musical value and progression in the context of WCET provision. It presents research, based on data from one primary school in the English Midlands, drawing on responses from children, parents, the WCET teacher and the head teacher of the school. The research used semi-structured interviews and graphical elicitation as research methodologies to create a conceptual map of theoretical perspectives for parental responses to WCET and suggests that triangulating motivating influences from parents, WCET and learners remain an emergent domain.
Rare occurrence of Tetralogy of Fallot in dizygotic twins conceived via in vitro fertilisation
Authors: Greenberg Jason W. , Reddy Chetana , Huddleston Charles B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn increased incidence of CHD has been noted in twin gestations and in infants conceived using assisted reproductive technologies. However, CHD in these populations remains understudied and the mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain unclear. We present the case of twins conceived via in vitro fertilisation both with Tetralogy of Fallot and additional cardiac and extracardiac malformations.
Criterion-related validity in a sample of migraine outpatients: the diagnostic criteria for psychosomatic research
Authors: Cosci Fiammetta , Svicher Andrea , Romanazzo Sara , Maggini Lucia , De Cesaris Francesco , Benemei Silvia , Geppetti Pierangelo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjective.The Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) are those of psychosomatic syndromes that did not find room in the classical taxonomy. More recently, the DCPR were updated, called DCPR-revised (DCPR-R). The present study was conducted to test the criterion-related validity of the DCPR-R.Methods.Two hundred consecutive subjects were enrolled at the Headache Center of Careggi University Hospital (Italy): 100 subjects had a diagnosis of chronic migraine (CM) and 100 had a diagnosis of episodic migraine (EM). Participants received a clinical assessment, which included the DCPR-revised Semi-Structured Interview (DCPR-R SSI), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), and the psychosocial index (PSI).Results.Forty-seven subjects (23.5%) had at least one DSM-5 diagnosis: major depressive disorder (8.5%; n = 17) and agoraphobia (7.5%; n = 15) were the most frequent. One hundred and ten subjects (55%) reported a DCPR-R diagnosis: allostatic overload (29%; n = 58) and type A behavior (10.5%; n = 21) were the most frequent. When the incremental validity of the DCPR system over the DSM system was tested using PSI subscales as the criterion variable, the DCPR-R increased up to 0.11–0.24 the amount of explained variance. Subjects with at least one DCPR-R diagnosis showed lower PSI well-being scores (p = .001), higher PSI stress scores (p
< .001), and higher PSI psychological distress scores (p = .008) than subjects without a DCPR-R diagnosis.Conclusion.
The DCPR-R showed a good criterion-related validity in migraine outpatients. Thus, they might be implemented, together with the DSM-5, in the assessment of migraine subjects.
Alexander Crummell on Coleridge and the Politics of Abolitionist Selfhood
Authors: Wirzbicki Peter 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis artricle explores the philosophical roots of Alexander Crummell's abolitionism. It argues that the black abolitionist developed a philosophically sophisticated approach to antislavery politics and to black advancement rooted, in part, in his encounter with Samuel Taylor Coleridge's metaphysics and epistemology. Developing out his encounter with Coleridge and others, Crummell developed a politicized theory of the self. From Coleridge he took an appreciation of anti-instrumental ways of thinking about politics rooted in the alignment of internal qualities of the self with external political organizing. His thought demonstrates the cosmopolitanism and sophistication of antebellum black intellectual and activist life, as well as the ways that theories of selfhood were deployed in radical political movements of the nineteenth century.
Perspective: a healthy planet for healthy people
Authors: Ekins Paul , Gupta Joyeeta 
Published: October 2019

Non-technical abstract
This perspective article from the co-chairs of the United Nations Environment Programme's Sixth Global Environment Outlook (GEO-6) uses the assessment of the literature in the GEO-6 to show how a healthy planet and healthy people are linked together. It argues that the health of the planet is deteriorating and that this deteriorating ecosystem health has major direct and indirect impacts on human health and well-being. Direct impacts include the impacts of polluted air on the lungs of people, while indirect impacts include the impacts of land degradation on food security. Therefore, protecting the environment will also have major benefits for human health and well-being.
Band sowing with hoeing in organic grains: I. Comparisons with alternative weed management practices in spring barley
Authors: McCollough Margaret R. , Gallandt Eric R. , Darby Heather M. , Molloy Thomas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWeeds remain the foremost production challenge for organic small grain farmers in the northeastern United States. Instead of crops sown in narrow, single-line rows, band sowing offers a more uniform spatial arrangement of the crop, maximizing interspecific while reducing intraspecific competition. Weeds in the inter-band zone are controlled by cultivating with aggressive sweeps; tine harrowing can target weeds in both intra- and inter-band zones. Field experiments in Maine and Vermont in 2016 and 2017 evaluated band sowing for improved weed control, crop yield, and grain quality in organic spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ‘Newdale’). Specifically, we compared: (1) the standard practice of sowing 16.5-cm rows at a target crop density of 325 plants m−2, (2) narrow-row sowing with increased crop density, (3) wide-row sowing with interrow hoeing, and (4) band sowing both with and (5) without inter-band hoeing. Mustard (Sinapis alba L. ‘Ida Gold’) was planted throughout the experiment as a surrogate weed. Compared with the standard practice, band sowing with hoeing reduced surrogate weed density on average by 45% across site-years. However, effects on weed biomass and yield were inconsistent, perhaps due to suboptimal timing of hoeing and adverse weather conditions. In 1 out of 4 site-years, band sowing with hoeing reduced surrogate weed biomass by 67% and increased crop yield compared with the standard treatment. Results also indicate that band sowing with hoeing may improve 1,000-kernel weight and plump kernel grain-quality parameters.
Effects of Damming on River Nitrogen Fluxes: A Global Analysis
Authors: Akbarzadeh Zahra , Maavara Taylor , Slowinski Stephanie , Van Cappellen Philippe 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDamming creates biogeochemical hotspots along rivers that modify the riverine flow of nutrients, including nitrogen (N). Here, we quantify the impact of dams on global riverine N fluxes using a reservoir N mass balance model. In‐reservoir processes represented in the model include primary production, mineralization of organic N, denitrification, and sedimentary burial. In addition, we explicitly account for N fixation as a source of N, assuming that the N to phosphorus (P) ratio of the inflow regulates the magnitude of N fixation in reservoirs. The model is scaled up via a Monte Carlo analysis that yields global relationships between N elimination in reservoirs, either by denitrification or burial, and the hydraulic residence time. These relationships are then combined with N loads to the world's dam reservoirs generated by the Global‐NEWS model and the estimated N fixation fluxes. According to the results, in year 2000, worldwide N fixation in reservoirs was on the order of 70 Gmol yr−1, while denitrification and burial in reservoirs eliminated around 270 Gmol yr−1, equal to 7% of N loading to the global river network. The latter is predicted to double to 14% by 2030, mainly as a result of the current boom in dam building. The results further imply that, largely due to N fixation in reservoirs, damming causes a global upward shift in riverine N:P ratios, thus lessening N limitation in receiving water bodies.
The Netrin-1/DCC guidance system: dopamine pathway maturation and psychiatric disorders emerging in adolescence
Authors: Vosberg Daniel E. , Leyton Marco , Flores Cecilia 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Axon guidance molecules direct growing axons toward their targets, assembling the intricate wiring of the nervous system. One of these molecules, Netrin-1, and its receptor, DCC (deleted in colorectal cancer), has profound effects, in laboratory animals, on the adolescent expansion of mesocorticolimbic pathways, particularly dopamine. Now, a rapidly growing literature suggests that (1) these same alterations could occur in humans, and (2) genetic variants in Netrin-1 and DCC are associated with depression, schizophrenia, and substance use. Together, these findings provide compelling evidence that Netrin-1 and DCC influence mesocorticolimbic-related psychopathological states that emerge during adolescence.
Anion transport as a target of adaption to perchlorate in sulfate-reducing communities
Authors: Stoeva Magdalena K , Kuehl Jennifer , Kazakov Alexey E , Wang Ouwei , Rushton-Green Rowena , Coates John D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Inhibitors can be used to control the functionality of microbial communities by targeting specific metabolisms. The targeted inhibition of dissimilatory sulfate reduction limits the generation of toxic and corrosive hydrogen sulfide across several industrial systems. Sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) are specifically inhibited by sulfate analogs, such as perchlorate. Previously, we showed pure culture SRM adaptation to perchlorate stress through mutation of the sulfate adenylyltransferase, a central enzyme in the sulfate reduction pathway. Here, we explored adaptation to perchlorate across unconstrained SRM on a community scale. We followed natural and bio-augmented sulfidogenic communities through serial transfers in increasing concentrations of perchlorate. Our results demonstrated that perchlorate stress altered community structure by initially selecting for innately more resistant strains. Isolation, whole-genome sequencing, and molecular biology techniques allowed us to define subsequent genetic mechanisms of adaptation that arose across the dominant adapting SRM. Changes in the regulation of divalent anion:sodium symporter family transporters led to increased intracellular sulfate to perchlorate ratios, allowing SRM to escape the effects of competitive inhibition. Thus, in contrast to pure-culture results, SRM in communities cope with perchlorate stress via changes in anion transport and its regulation. This highlights the value of probing evolutionary questions in an ecological framework, bridging the gap between ecology, evolution, genomics, and physiology.
Targeted knock-in mice expressing the oxidase-fixed form of xanthine oxidoreductase favor tumor growth
Authors: Kusano Teruo , Ehirchiou Driss , Matsumura Tomohiro , Chobaz Veronique , Nasi Sonia , Castelblanco Mariela , So Alexander , Lavanchy Christine , Acha-Orbea Hans , Nishino Takeshi , Okamoto Ken , Busso Nathalie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractXanthine oxidoreductase has been implicated in cancer. Nonetheless, the role played by its two convertible forms, xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and oxidase (XO) during tumorigenesis is not understood. Here we produce XDH-stable and XO-locked knock-in (ki) mice to address this question. After tumor transfer, XO ki mice show strongly increased tumor growth compared to wild type (WT) and XDH ki mice. Hematopoietic XO expression is responsible for this effect. After macrophage depletion, tumor growth is reduced. Adoptive transfer of XO-ki macrophages in WT mice increases tumor growth. In vitro, XO ki macrophages produce higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for the increased Tregs observed in the tumors. Blocking ROS in vivo slows down tumor growth. Collectively, these results indicate that the balance of XO/XDH plays an important role in immune surveillance of tumor development. Strategies that inhibit the XO form specifically may be valuable in controlling cancer growth.
Integrated multilayer stretchable printed circuit boards paving the way for deformable active matrix
Authors: Biswas Shantonu , Schoeberl Andreas , Hao Yufei , Reiprich Johannes , Stauden Thomas , Pezoldt Joerg , Jacobs Heiko O. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConventional rigid electronic systems use a number of metallization layers to route all necessary connections to and from isolated surface mount devices using well-established printed circuit board technology. In contrast, present solutions to prepare stretchable electronic systems are typically confined to a single stretchable metallization layer. Crossovers and vertical interconnect accesses remain challenging; consequently, no reliable stretchable printed circuit board (SPCB) method has established. This article reports an industry compatible SPCB manufacturing method that enables multilayer crossovers and vertical interconnect accesses to interconnect isolated devices within an elastomeric matrix. As a demonstration, a stretchable (260%) active matrix with integrated electronic and optoelectronic surface mount devices is shown that can deform reversibly into various 3D shapes including hemispherical, conical or pyramid.
Engineered amphiphilic peptides enable delivery of proteins and CRISPR-associated nucleases to airway epithelia
Authors: Krishnamurthy Sateesh , Wohlford-Lenane Christine , Kandimalla Suhas , Sartre Gilles , Meyerholz David K. , Théberge Vanessa , Hallée Stéphanie , Duperré Anne-Marie , Del’Guidice Thomas , Lepetit-Stoffaes Jean-Pascal , Barbeau Xavier , Guay David , McCray Paul B. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe delivery of biologic cargoes to airway epithelial cells is challenging due to the formidable barriers imposed by its specialized and differentiated cells. Among cargoes, recombinant proteins offer therapeutic promise but the lack of effective delivery methods limits their development. Here, we achieve protein and SpCas9 or AsCas12a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery to cultured human well-differentiated airway epithelial cells and mouse lungs with engineered amphiphilic peptides. These shuttle peptides, non-covalently combined with GFP protein or CRISPR-associated nuclease (Cas) RNP, allow rapid entry into cultured human ciliated and non-ciliated epithelial cells and mouse airway epithelia. Instillation of shuttle peptides combined with SpCas9 or AsCas12a RNP achieves editing of loxP sites in airway epithelia of ROSAmT/mG mice. We observe no evidence of short-term toxicity with a widespread distribution restricted to the respiratory tract. This peptide-based technology advances potential therapeutic avenues for protein and Cas RNP delivery to refractory airway epithelial cells.
Characterisation of the inflammatory cytokine and growth factor profile in a rabbit model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Wong Chee Wai , Cheung Ning , Ho Candice , Barathi Veluchamy , Storm Gert , Wong Tina T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo clarify the mechanisms and their temporal relationship in the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), we measured vitreous levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in a rabbit model of PVR. PVR was surgically induced in 11 rabbit eyes by vitrectomy, retinotomy, cryotherapy and injection of platelet-rich plasma at baseline. Severity of PVR was assessed on dilated fundal examination with indirect binocular ophthalmoscopy and graded based on the revised experimental PVR classification. Severe PVR was defined as stage 5 or worse. Vitreous concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 β), tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-β), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), C reactive protein; (CRP), placental growth factor (PlGF), platelet derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2) at weeks 2, 3 and 4 were compared to baseline and correlations between the cytokines with PVR severity were assessed. Four weeks after PVR induction, 5 eyes (45.5%) had developed severe PVR. IL-8 was raised at 2 weeks post PVR induction (1.46 ± 0.48 pg/ml vs 0.53 ± 0.25 pg/ml, p = 0.04) and remained significantly elevated at week 4 (2.6 ± 3.1 pg/ml, p = 0.03). CRP was significantly raised at week 4 (34.8 ± 12.0 pg/ml vs 13.0 ± 13.1 pg/ml, p < 0.001). Among the growth factors, PDGF-BB was the earliest to show significantly elevated levels, at 3 weeks (50.4 ± 19.0 pg/ml vs 6.2 ± 10.1 pg/ml) and remained elevated at week 4 (p = 0.002), while PlGF (11.2 ± 7.7 pg/ml vs 5.3 ± 3.8 pg/ml, p = 0.002) and Ang2 (13617.0 ± 8170.2 pg/ml vs 38593.8 ± 8313.4, p = 0.02) were significantly raised at week 4. IFN-γ (p = 0.03), PDGF-BB (p = 0.02) and VEGF (p = 0.02) were significantly associated with PVR severity. We demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines IL-6, -8, elevation post PVR induction is followed by elevated levels of fibroproliferative growth factors, Ang2, PlGF, VEGF and PDGF-BB in the development of PVR. These findings will guide future studies targeting appropriate therapeutic strategies for the treatment of PVR.
Anti-Tumor Effects of Wee1 Kinase Inhibitor with Radiotherapy in Human Cervical Cancer
Authors: Lee Yoo-Young , Cho Young-Jae , Shin Sung-won , Choi Changhoon , Ryu Ji-Yoon , Jeon Hye-Kyung , Choi Jung-Joo , Hwang Jae Ryoung , Choi Chel Hun , Kim Tae-Joong , Kim Byoung- Gie , Bae Duk-Soo , Park Won , Lee Jeong-Won 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough the concurrent use of a chemotherapeutic agent and radiotherapy improves survival in patients with locally advanced or recurrent cervical cancer, severe side effects related to chemotherapy are frequent and may result in a low quality of life for the patients. In this study, we investigated the effects of a combination of Wee1 inhibitor (AZD1775) and irradiation in cervical cancer. In vitro effects of AZD1775 with irradiation in human cervical cancer cells were assessed by clonogenic survival and apoptosis assays. The effects on DNA damage response signaling and the cell cycle were also explored. Tumor growth delay was evaluated to investigate the in vivo effects of AZD1775 with irradiation in cervical cancer mouse models, including xenografts and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). The co-treatment of AZD1775 and irradiation significantly decreased clonogenic survival and increased apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. These effects were associated with G2 checkpoint abrogation which resulted in persistent DNA damage. Both in the xenografts and the PDXs, the co-treatment significantly decreased tumor growth compared tothe irradiation alone (p < 0.05). These results demonstrate that the Wee1 inhibitor (AZD1775) can be considered as a potential alternative as a radiosensitizer in cervical cancer instead of a chemotherapeutic agent such as cisplatin.
Enhanced flux pinning isotropy by tuned nanosized defect network in superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x films
Authors: Khan Mukarram Zaman , Rivasto Elmeri , Tikkanen Jussi , Rijckaert Hannes , Malmivirta Mika , Liedke Maciej Oskar , Butterling Maik , Wagner Andreas , Huhtinen Hannu , Van Driessche Isabel , Paturi Petriina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractStriving to improve the critical current density Jc of superconducting YBa2Cu3O6+x (YBCO) thin films via enhanced vortex pinning, the interplay between film growth mechanisms and the formation of nanosized defects, both natural and artificial, is systematically studied in undoped and BaZrO3 (BZO)-doped YBCO thin films. The films were grown via pulsed laser deposition (PLD), varying the crystal grain size of the targets in addition to the dopant content. The microstructure of the PLD target has been observed to have a great impact on that of the deposited thin films, including the formation of vortex pinning centers, which has direct implications on the superconducting performance, especially on the isotropy of flux pinning properties. Based on experimentally measured angular dependencies of Jc, coupled with a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of flux pinning in the YBCO films, we present a quantitative model of how the splay and fragmentation of BZO nanorods artifically introduced into the YBCO film matrix explain the majority of the observed critical current anisotropy.