bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Evolutionary Algorithm with an Optimal Sample Allocation Strategy for Multifidelity Simulation Optimization Problems
Authors: Chiu Chun-Chih , Lin James T. 
Published: August 2020

Simulation has been applied to evaluate system performance even when the target system does not exist in practice. Dealing with model fidelity is required to apply simulation to practice. A high-fidelity (HF) simulation model is generally more accurate and requires more computational resources than a low-fidelity (LF) one. A low-fidelity model may have less accuracy than a HF one, but it can rapidly evaluate a design alternative. Consequently, the performance accuracy of the constructed simulation model and its computational cost involves a tradeoff. In this research, the simulation optimization problem under a large design space, where a LF model may not be able to evaluate all design alternatives in the limited computational resource, is studied. We extended multifidelity (MF) optimization with ordinal transformation and optimal sampling (MO2TOS), which enables the use of LF models to search for a HF one efficiently, and proposed a combination of the genetic algorithm and MO2TOS. A novel optimal sample allocation strategy called MO2TOSAS was proposed to improve search efficiency. We applied the proposed methods to two experiments on MF function optimization and a simultaneous scheduling problem of machine and vehicles (SSPMV) in flexible manufacturing systems. In SSPMV, we developed three fidelity simulation models that capture important characteristics, including the preventive deadlock situation of vehicles and alternative machines. Simulation results show that the combination of more than one fidelity level of simulation models can improve search efficiency and reduce computational costs.
The Evolving Basis for the Design of Light Gauge Steel Systems
Authors: Kyvelou Pinelopi , Nethercot David A. , Hadjipantelis Nicolas , Kyprianou Constantinos , Gardner Leroy 
Published: August 2020

The importance of allowing for the many different types of structural interaction that have an effect on the performance of light gauge members when used in practical situations is emphasized. A distinction is drawn between internal interactions involving the various plate elements of the steel profiles and external interactions involving the other components in the system. Although full-scale testing of representative systems can capture this behavior, the costs involved make this an impractical general basis for design; codified methods generally consider only isolated plates within members and isolated members within systems, thereby neglecting the potentially beneficial effects of both forms of interaction. Properly used, modern methods of numerical analysis offer the potential to systematically allow for both forms of interaction — provided the numerical models used have been adequately validated against suitable tests. The use of such an approach is explained and illustrated for three commonly used structural systems: roof purlins, floor beams, and columns in stud walls. In each case, it is shown that, provided sufficient care is taken, the numerical approach can yield accurate predictions of the observed test behavior. The subsequently generated large portfolio of numerical results can then provide clear insights into the exact nature of the various interactions and, thus, form the basis for more realistic design approaches that are both more accurate in their predictions and which lead to more economic designs. Building on this, modifying existing arrangements so as to yield superior performance through specific modifications is now possible. Two such examples, one in which improved interconnection between the components in a system is investigated and a second in which prestressing is shown to provide substantial enhancement for relatively small and simple changes, are presented.
Mathematical Reconciliation of Medical Privacy Policies
Authors: Ranathunga Dinesha , Roughan Matthew , Nguyen Hung 
Published: August 2020

Healthcare data are arguably the most private of personal data. This very private information in the wrong hands can lead to identity theft, prescription fraud, insurance fraud, and an array of other crimes. Electronic-health systems such as My Health Record in Australia holds great promise in sharing medical data and improving healthcare quality. But, a key privacy issue in these systems is the misuse of healthcare data by “authorities.” The recent General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) introduced in the EU aims to reduce personal-data misuse. But, there are no tools currently available to accurately reconcile a domestic E-health policy against the GDPR to identify discrepancies. Reconciling privacy policies is also non-trivial, because policies are often written in free text, making them subject to human interpretation.
In this article, we propose a tool that allows the description of E-health privacy policies, represents them using formal constructs making the policies precise and explicit. Using this formal framework, our tool can automatically reconcile a domestic E-health policy against the GDPR to identify violations and omissions. We use our prototype to illustrate several critical flaws in Australia’s My Health Record policy, including a non-compliance with GDPR that allows healthcare providers to access medical records by default.
RCC2 Promotes Esophageal Cancer Growth by Regulating Activity and Expression of the Sox2 Transcription Factor
Authors: Calderon-Aparicio Ali , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , De Vitto Humberto , Zhang Tianshun , Wang Qiushi , Bode Ann M. , Dong Zigang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Regulator of chromosome condensation 2 (RCC2) is a protein located in the centrosome, which ensures that cell division proceeds properly. Previous reports show that RCC2 is overexpressed in some cancers and could play a key role in tumor development, but the mechanisms concerning how this occurs are not understood. Furthermore, no evidence exists regarding its role in esophageal cancer. We studied the relevance of RCC2 in esophageal cancer growth and its regulation on Sox2, an important transcription factor promoting esophageal cancer. RCC2 was overexpressed in esophageal tumors compared with normal tissue, and this overexpression was associated with tumorigenicity by increasing cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and migration. These oncogenic effects were accompanied by overexpression of Sox2. RCC2 upregulated and stabilized Sox2 expression and its target genes by inhibiting ubiquitination-mediated proteasome degradation. Likewise, RCC2 increased the transcriptional activity and promoter binding of Sox2. In vivo studies indicated that RCC2 and Sox2 were overexpressed in esophageal tumors compared with normal tissue, and this upregulation occurs in the esophageal basal cell layer for both proteins. In conditional knockout mice, RCC2 deletion decreased the tumor nodule formation and progression in the esophagus compared with wild-type mice. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression, a cell proliferation marker, was also downregulated in RCC2 knockout mice. Overall, our data show for the first time that RCC2 is an important protein for the stabilization and transcriptional activation of Sox2 and further promotion of malignancy in esophageal cancer.

Implications:
This study shows that RCC2 controls Sox2 expression and transcriptional activity to mediate esophageal cancer formation.
Platinum-Induced Ubiquitination of Phosphorylated H2AX by RING1A Is Mediated by Replication Protein A in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Sriramkumar Shruthi , Matthews Timothy D. , Ghobashi Ahmed H. , Miller Samuel A. , VanderVere-Carozza Pamela S. , Pawelczak Katherine S. , Nephew Kenneth P. , Turchi John J. , O'Hagan Heather M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Platinum resistance is a common occurrence in high-grade serous ovarian cancer and a major cause of ovarian cancer deaths. Platinum agents form DNA cross-links, which activate nucleotide excision repair (NER), Fanconi anemia, and homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathways. Chromatin modifications occur in the vicinity of DNA damage and play an integral role in the DNA damage response (DDR). Chromatin modifiers, including polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) members, and chromatin structure are frequently dysregulated in ovarian cancer and can potentially contribute to platinum resistance. However, the role of chromatin modifiers in the repair of platinum DNA damage in ovarian cancer is not well understood. We demonstrate that the PRC1 complex member RING1A mediates monoubiquitination of lysine 119 of phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AXub1) at sites of platinum DNA damage in ovarian cancer cells. After platinum treatment, our results reveal that NER and HRR both contribute to RING1A localization and γH2AX monoubiquitination. Importantly, replication protein A, involved in both NER and HRR, mediates RING1A localization to sites of damage. Furthermore, RING1A deficiency impairs the activation of the G2–M DNA damage checkpoint, reduces the ability of ovarian cancer cells to repair platinum DNA damage, and increases sensitivity to platinum.

Implications:
Elucidating the role of RING1A in the DDR to platinum agents will allow for the identification of therapeutic targets to improve the response of ovarian cancer to standard chemotherapy regimens.
MLGrafViz: multilingual ontology visualization plug-in for protégé
Authors: Florrence Merlin 
Published: August 2020

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is rapidly increasing in all domains of knowledge acquisition to facilitate different language user. It is required to develop knowledge based NLP systems to provide better results. Knowledge based systems can be implemented using ontologies where ontology is a collection of terms and concepts arranged taxonomically. The concepts that are visualized graphically are more understandable than in the text form. In this research paper, new multilingual ontology visualization plug-in MLGrafViz is developed to visualize ontologies in different natural languages. This plug-in is developed for protégé ontology editor. This plug-in allows the user to translate and visualize the core ontology into 135 languages.
Comparison of CNNs and SVM for voice control wheelchair
Authors: Sharifuddin Mohammad Shahrul Izham , Nordin Sharifalillah , Mohd Ali Azliza 
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we develop an intelligent wheelchair using CNNs and SVM voice recognition methods. The data is collected from Google and some of them are self-recorded. There are four types of data to be recognized which are go, left, right, and stop. Voice data are extracted using MFCC feature extraction technique. CNNs and SVM are then used to classify and recognize the voice data. The motor driver is embedded in Raspberry PI 3B+ to control the movement of the wheelchair prototype. CNNs produced higher accuracy i.e. 95.30% compared to SVM which is only 72.39%. On the other hand, SVM only took 8.21 seconds while CNNs took 250.03 seconds to execute. Therefore, CNNs produce better result because noise are filtered in the feature extraction layer before classified in the classification layer. However, CNNs took longer time due to the complexity of the networks and the less complexity implementation in SVM give shorter processing time.
A pandemia de COVID-19 e a conversão de idosos em “grupo de risco”
Authors: Dourado Simone Pereira da Costa 
Published: August 2020

No final de dezembro de 2019, autoridades internacionais são alertadas sobre a existência de um novo tipo de coronavírus, responsável por causar a doença COVID-19, que até meados de julho de 2020 infectou quase 13 milhões de pessoas e matou aproximadamente 600 mil em todo o mundo. Nesse período, o Brasil alcançou a triste marca de segundo país em número de contaminados, quase 2 milhões, e de mortes, mais de 75 mil. Com a definição de que se vive uma pandemia, os idosos, população com sessenta e mais anos, são reconhecidos como os mais afetados e, automaticamente, convertidos em “grupo de risco”. Nesse ensaio discuto como os estudos sobre envelhecimento são impactados pela conversão dos idosos em “grupo de risco” e reflito sobre desdobramentos do emprego dessa classificação na revalidação de imagens estereotipadas da velhice.
Excessos funcionalistas, feminismos e inimigos mortais
Authors: Lopes Ana Claudia 
Published: August 2020

Comentário a Feminismo para os 99%: Um manifesto, de Cinzia Arruzza, Tithi Bhattacharya e Nancy Fraser (São Paulo: Boitempo, 2019)
O texto comenta a Feminismo para os 99%: Um manifesto, de Cinzia Arruzza, Tithi Bhattacharya e Nancy Fraser, e levanta questões relacionadas aos seguintes pontos: (1) a conceitualização abrangente de capitalismo; (2) a caracterização e identificação entre feminismo liberal, feminismo corporativo e feminismo do 1%; (3) a política que, já longe opta por caracterizar um inimigo.
Metabolic Age Based on the BBMRI-NL
1
H-NMR Metabolomics Repository as Biomarker of Age-related Disease
Authors: van den Akker Erik B. , Trompet Stella , Barkey Wolf Jurriaan J.H. , Beekman Marian , Suchiman H. Eka D. , Deelen Joris , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Boersma Eric , Cats Davy , Elders Petra M. , Geleijnse J. Marianne , Ikram M. Arfan , Kloppenburg Margreet , Mei Haillang , Meulenbelt Ingrid , Mooijaart Simon P. , Nelissen Rob G.H.H. , Netea Mihai G. , Penninx Brenda W.J.H. , Slofstra Mariska , Stehouwer Coen D.A. , Swertz Morris A. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Terwindt Gisela M. , ‘t Hart Leen M. , van den Maagdenberg Arn M.J.M. , van der Harst Pim , van der Horst Iwan C.C. , van der Kallen Carla J.H. , van Greevenbroek Marleen M.J. , van Spil W. Erwin , Wijmenga Cisca , Zhernakova Alexandra , Zwinderman Aeilko H. , Sattar Naveed , Jukema J. Wouter , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Reinders Marcel J.T. , Slagboom P. Eline 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The blood metabolome incorporates cues from the environment and the host’s genetic background, potentially offering a holistic view of an individual’s health status.

Methods:
We have compiled a vast resource of proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics and phenotypic data encompassing over 25 000 samples derived from 26 community and hospital-based cohorts.

Results:

Using this resource, we constructed a metabolomics-based age predictor (metaboAge) to calculate an individual’s biological age. Exploration in independent cohorts demonstrates that being judged older by one’s metabolome, as compared with one’s chronological age, confers an increased risk on future cardiovascular disease, mortality, and functionality in older individuals. A web-based tool for calculating metaboAge (
metaboage.researchlumc.nl
) allows easy incorporation in other epidemiological studies. Access to data can be requested at
bbmri.nl/samples-images-data
.

Conclusions:
In summary, we present a vast resource of metabolomics data and illustrate its merit by constructing a metabolomics-based score for biological age that captures aspects of current and future cardiometabolic health.
Newer and Better? Comparing Direct Oral Anticoagulants to Warfarin in Patients With Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage
Authors: Billings Joshua D. , Khan Abid D. , McVicker John H. , Schroeppel Thomas J. 
Published: August 2020

Background Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have overtaken warfarin as the preferred anticoagulants for stroke prevention with atrial fibrillation and for treatment of venous thromboembolism. Despite the increased prevalence of DOACs, literature studying their impact on trauma patients with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) remains limited. Most DOAC reversal agents have only been recently available, and concerns for worse outcomes with DOACs among this population remain. This study aims to assess the outcomes of patients with traumatic ICH taking DOACs compared with those taking warfarin. Methods A retrospective analysis of patients with traumatic ICH over a 5-year period was conducted. Demographics, injury severity, medication, and outcome data were collected for each patient. Patients taking warfarin and DOACs were compared. Results 736 patients had traumatic ICH over the study period, 75 of which were on either DOACs (25 patients) or warfarin (50 patients). The median age of the anticoagulated patients was 78 years; 52% were female, and 91% presented secondary to a fall. DOACs were reversed at close to half the rate of warfarin (40% vs 77%; P = .032). Despite this, the 2 groups had similar rates of worsening examination, need for operative intervention, and in-hospital mortality. In the follow-up, fewer patients taking DOACs had died at 6-months postinjury compared with those taking warfarin (8% vs 30%; P = .041). Discussion Despite DOACs being reversed at nearly half the rate of warfarin, patients presenting with traumatic ICH on warfarin had higher 6-month mortality suggesting a potential survival advantage for DOACs over warfarin in this population.
Proning Patients With COVID-19: A Review of Equipment and Methods
Authors: Wiggermann Neal , Zhou Jie , Kumpar Dee 
Published: August 2020

Objective To identify and critically evaluate methods for proning patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit (ICU). Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is common in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Proning improves blood oxygenation and survival rates in these patients but is not commonly performed due to the difficulty of the procedure. Methods An academic literature review, internet video search, and consultation with five subject-matter experts was performed to identify known methods for proning. Evaluation of each method considered the number of healthcare workers required, physical stresses on staff, risk of adverse events to patients, and equipment cost and availability. Results Several variations of manual techniques and-lift assisted techniques were identified in addition to a specialized proning bed. Manual methods require more healthcare workers, higher physical stresses, and greater risk of adverse events than lift-assisted methods or the proning bed. Conclusion Both the specialized proning bed and a lift-assisted method using straps largely eliminated manual forces required for proning while allowing for a controlled lowering and positioning of the patient. Application This review will guide practitioners to the most suitable methods for proning patients in the ICU.
Variation in SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) Score Performance in Different Infectious States
Authors: Pawar Rahul D. , Shih Jenny A. , Balaji Lakshman , Grossestreuer Anne V. , Patel Parth V. , Hansen Christopher K. , Donnino Michael W. , Moskowitz Ari 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: In this study, we investigated whether the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score performance differs based on the type of infection among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with infection. Materials and Methods: Single-center, retrospective study of adult ICU patients admitted with infection between January 2008 and April 2018 at an urban tertiary care center. Patients were uniquely classified into different infection types based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision ( ICD-9) and ICD-10 codes. Infection types included were pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia, cellulitis, cholangitis/cholecystitis, intestinal and diarrheal disease, endocarditis, urinary tract infection (UTI), and peritonitis. The SOFA score performance and mortality in relation to SOFA score were compared across infection types. Results: A total of 12 283 patients were included. Of these, 50.6% were female and the median age was 70 years (interquartile range: 57-82). The most common infection types were pneumonia (32.2%) and UTI (31.0%). Overall, 1703 (13.9%) patients died prior to hospital discharge. The median baseline SOFA score (within 24 hours of ICU admission) for the cohort was 5 (3-8). Patients with peritonitis had the highest median SOFA score, 7 (4-9), and patients with cellulitis and UTI had the lowest median SOFA score, 4 (2-7). The SOFA score discrimination to predict mortality was highest among patients with endocarditis (area under the receiver operating characteristic [AUC]: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69-0.90) and lowest for patients with isolated bacteremia (AUC: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.49-0.70). Observed mortality by quartile of SOFA score differed substantially across infection types. Conclusions: Type of infection is an important consideration when interpreting the SOFA score. This is relevant as SOFA emerges as an important tool in the definition and prognostication of sepsis.
Conversion from chronic to episodic migraine in patients treated with erenumab: real-life data from an Italian region
Authors: Ornello Raffaele , Casalena Alfonsina , Frattale Ilaria , Caponnetto Valeria , Gabriele Amleto , Affaitati Giannapia , Giamberardino Maria Adele , Assetta Maurizio , Maddestra Maurizio , Marzoli Fabio , Viola Stefano , Cerone Davide , Marini Carmine , Pistoia Francesca , Sacco Simona 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMost patients treated with erenumab in clinical practice have chronic migraine (CM). We assessed the rate and possible predictors of conversion from CM to episodic migraine (EM) in a real-life study.Main bodyWe performed a subgroup analysis of patients treated with erenumab from January 2019 to February 2020 in the Abruzzo region, central Italy. Treatment was provided according to current clinical practice. For the purpose of the present study, we included patients fulfilling the definition of CM for the three months preceding erenumab treatment and with at least 6 months of follow-up after treatment. We assessed the rate of conversion to EM from baseline to Months 4–6 of treatment and during each month of treatment. To test the clinical validity of conversion to EM, we also assessed the decrease in monthly headache days (MHDs), acute medication days, and median headache intensity on a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). We included in our study 91 patients with CM. At Months 4–6, 62 patients (68.1%) converted from CM to EM; the proportion of converters increased from Month 1 to Month 5. In the overall group of patients, median MHDs decreased from 26.5 (IQR 20–30) to 7.5 (IQR 5–16;P < 0.001) compared with baseline, while median acute medication days decreased from 21 (IQR 16–30) to 6 (IQR 3–10;P < 0.001) and median NRS scores decreased from 8 (IQR 7–9) to 6 (IQR 4–7;P < 0.001). Significant decreases were found both in converters and in non-converters. We found no significant predictors of conversion to EM among the patients’ baseline characteristics.ConclusionsIn our study, two thirds of patients with CM converted to EM during 6 months of treatment with erenumab. MHDs, acute medication use, and headache intensity decreased regardless of conversion from CM to EM.