bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upper limb dimensions in adults presenting for elective surgery – implications for blood pressure measurement
Authors: Chow Christopher , Ceglowski Peter , Lehane Katie , Pelecanos Anita , Wren Kellie , Eley Victoria A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Arm conicity is associated with non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurement error and may be avoided by using finger cuffs. Predicting arm conicity may help decisions regarding NIBP measurement techniques.

Methods
We obtained upper limb measurements of adults presenting to the Pre-Anesthetic Clinic to determine: the suitability of arm and finger cuff sizes; the best anthropometric predictor of arm conicity based on the right arm slant angle; the incidence of a right arm slant angle < 83 degrees. Right mid-arm circumference (MAC) was compared to recommended cuff sizes and finger circumference compared to available cuffs. Slant angle was calculated from the measurements obtained. Linear regression was used to determine the better predictor of right arm slant angle. Correlation coefficients were calculated and R2 values compared.

Results
Four hundred fifty-four patients participated and 453 had cone-shaped arms. One participant (0.2, 95% CI 0.0–1.2) had a MAC outside the recommended cuff range. Twenty-five participants (5.5, 95% CI 3.6–8.0) had a middle finger circumference greater than the largest ClearSight™ cuff. Body mass index (BMI), weight and right MAC all had low to moderate correlation with right arm slant angle (r = − 0.49, − 0.39, − 0.48, all p < 0.001) and regression revealed R2 values of 0.24, 0.15 and 0.23. Six participants (1.3, 95% CI 0.5–2.9) had a slant angle < 83 degrees.

Conclusion
Current NIBP equipment caters for most patients, based on the traditional measure of MAC. The utility of finger cuffs is limited by cuff size. BMI and right MAC showed the most promise in predicting arm conicity.
Social-emotional problems among Swedish three-year-olds: an Item Response Theory analysis of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional
Authors: Vaezghasemi Masoud , Eurenius Eva , Ivarsson Anneli , Richter Sundberg Linda , Silfverdal Sven-Arne , Lindkvist Marie 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
There is enough evidence to believe that young children’s social-emotional problems can have a long-term effect if extra support is not given early. Therefore, early identification of such problems and any differences between boys and girls are of importance. We utilized the 36-month interval of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) among 3-year-olds aiming: 1) to report the normative values of social-emotional problems for Swedish boys and girls; 2) to identify ASQ:SE items that are most commonly endorsed by children with high level of social-emotional problems (high score on ASQ:SE); 3) to assess whether certain ASQ:SE items differ between boys and girls at the same level of social-emotional problems; and 4) to examine whether ASQ:SE performs well in identifying children with high level of social-emotional problems (high score on ASQ:SE).

Method
During 2014–2017, data were collected from 7179 three-year-old children (boys = 3719, girls = 3460) through Child Health Care in the Region Västerbotten in the northern part of Sweden. Unidimensionality was assessed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis and goodness-of-fit was reported. Item Response Theory was used to answer the aims of the study.

Results
Items regarding interest in sexual words, too little sleep, disinterest in things around, unhappiness and self-injury were more commonly endorsed by children with high levels of social-emotional problems, as reported by their parents. For the same level of social-emotional problem, girls were more likely to demonstrate difficulties in occupying themselves, clinging behaviour and repetitive behaviour. On the other hand, boys were more likely to score high in items regarding destruction of things on purpose, difficulty to name friends and to express feelings. We have also found that the ASQ:SE is suitable for identifying children with high level of social-emotional problems.

Conclusion
The salient point of our study was to increase knowledge about Swedish children’s social-emotional problems at 3-years of age based on the psychometric characteristics of the ASQ:SE using Item Response Theory model. The gender differences as well as those items that occurred at high levels of social-emotional problems should be of concern for everyday practice in Child Health Care.
Neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein ratio has a superior prognostic value in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction: a comparison study
Authors: Huang Jia-Bao , Chen Yu-Si , Ji Hong-Yan , Xie Wei-Ming , Jiang Jie , Ran Lu-Sen , Zhang Cun-Tai , Quan Xiao-Qing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe importance of the lipid-related biomarkers has been implicated in the pathological process and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our work was conducted to discuss and compare the predictive ability of the neutrophil to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (NHR) with other existing prognostic indices, for instance, the monocyte to HDL-C ratio (MHR) and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) to HDL-C ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C) in elderly patients with AMI.MethodsOur population was 528 consecutive elderly AMI patients (65–85 years) who were enrolled from Tongji Hospital and grouped according to the cutoff points which were depicted by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). The Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted with the survival data from the follow-up to investigate the difference between cutoff point-determined groups. Moreover, we assessed the impact of NHR, MHR, LDL-C/HDL-C on the long-term mortality and recurrent myocardial infarction (RMI) with Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsMean duration of follow-up was 673.85 ± 14.32 days (median 679.50 days). According to ROC curve analysis, NHR ≥ 5.74, MHR ≥ 0.67, LDL-C/HDL-C ≥ 3.57 were regarded as high-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis resulted that the high-NHR, high-MHR and high-LDL-C/HDL-C groups presented higher mortality and RMI rate than the corresponding low-risk groups in predicting the long-term clinical outcomes (log-rank test: allP < 0.050). In multivariate analysis, compared with MHR and LDL-C/HDL-C, only NHR was still recognized as a latent predictor for long-term mortality (harzard ratio [HR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02 to 3.75,P = 0.044) and long-term RMI (HR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.04 to 4.79,P = 0.040). Furthermore, the positive correlation between NHR and Gensini score (r = 0.15,P < 0.001) indicated that NHR was relevant to the severity of coronary artery to some extent.ConclusionsNHR, a novel laboratory marker, might be a predictor of the long-term clinical outcomes of elderly patients with AMI, which was superior to MHR and LDL-C/HDL-C.
Predicting clothing behaviors of Generation Y men through self-esteem and body dissatisfaction
Authors: Sung Jihyun , Yan Ruoh-Nan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study investigated how various dimensions of body dissatisfaction of men in Generation Y (i.e., body dissatisfaction-weight, body dissatisfaction-muscles, and body dissatisfaction-height) influenced their clothing related behavioral responses, including clothing image avoidance and clothing purchase behavior. Self-esteem was included as a predictor variable for the three dimensions of body dissatisfaction. Data were collected through an online survey from heterosexual Generation Y men. Results indicated that self-esteem negatively influenced the three dimensions of body dissatisfaction differently; only the body dissatisfaction-weight dimension influenced men’s clothing image avoidance and clothing purchase behavior, when controlling for body dissatisfaction-muscles and body dissatisfaction-height. The findings were discussed, and implications were provided in the current study.
Updating the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 “suspected case” and “confirmed case” is necessary
Authors:   for the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Novel Coronavirus Management and Research Team, Wang Yun-Yun , Jin Ying-Hui , Ren Xue-Qun , Li Yi-Rong , Zhang Xiao-Chun , Zeng Xian-Tao , Wang Xing-Huan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOn 6 February 2020, our team had published a rapid advice guideline for diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection, and this guideline provided our experience and make well reference for fighting against this pandemic worldwide. However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new disease, our awareness and knowledge are gradually increasing based on the ongoing research findings and clinical practice experience; hence, the strategies of diagnosis and treatment are also continually updated. In this letter, we answered one comment on our guideline and provided the newest diagnostic criteria of “suspected case” and “confirmed case” according to the latest Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 (seventh version) that issued by the National Health Committee of the People’s Republic of China.
Primary stratification and identification of suspected Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from clinical perspective by a simple scoring proposal
Authors: Zhou Ting-Ting , Wei Feng-Xian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this Commentary, we would like to comment on the article titled “A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)” as a featured article in Military Medical Research. In the guideline, except for “confirmed cases”, “suspected cases”, “close contact” and “suspicious exposure” were defined by clinical perspective based on epidemiological risk, clinical symptoms and auxiliary examination. Combined with our experience, we introduced a simple scoring proposal additionally based on not only CT imaging as strongly recommended by the guideline but also blood routine test, especially for primary screening of such patients in the out-patient department.
Exploring the views of stakeholders about the feasibility of carrying out a randomised controlled trial of Individual Placement and Support for people unemployed with chronic pain based in primary care (the InSTEP study)
Authors: Holmes Michelle M. , Stanescu Sabina C. , Linaker Catherine , Price Catherine , Maguire Nick , Fraser Simon , Cooper Cyrus , Walker-Bone Karen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is a model of vocational rehabilitation originally developed to help people with severe mental illness obtain and maintain employment. Work disability is common amongst people with chronic pain conditions, yet few effective interventions exist. As part of mixed-methods feasibility research and as a forerunner to a pilot trial (In STEP), we investigated the barriers and facilitators to carrying out a future randomised controlled trial of IPS set in primary care amongst people unemployed with chronic pain.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with: unemployed people with health conditions receiving IPS (clients), Employment Support Workers (ESWs) delivering IPS for people with chronic health conditions and primary healthcare professionals. Interviews and focus groups were transcribed verbatim and analysed with field notes using thematic analysis.

Results
All stakeholders generally viewed a future trial of IPS positively and deemed both the intervention and treatment as usual acceptable. Themes that emerged regarding potential barriers were recruitment, the importance of recruiting people voluntarily who wanted to return to work and were motivated to do so and giving them agency in the process; a need for additional training and support of the ESWs; and a risk of over-burdening participants with paperwork. Regarding facilitators however, the themes were offering the intervention early after unemployment, the importance of relationship and continuity with the ESWs and that an employment intervention could bring a range of health benefits.

Conclusions
All stakeholders thought that a randomised trial was potentially feasible and highlighted some potential advantages of participation.

Trial registration
Study no ISRCTN30094062
Patient engagement with antibiotic messaging in secondary care: a qualitative feasibility study of the ‘review and revise’ experience
Authors: Mowbray Fiona , Sivyer Katy , Santillo Marta , Jones Nicola , Peto Tim E. A. , Walker A. Sarah , Llewelyn Martin J. , Yardley Lucy 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
We aimed to investigate and optimise the acceptability and usefulness of a patient leaflet about antibiotic prescribing decisions made during hospitalisation, and to explore individual patient experiences and preferences regarding the process of antibiotic prescription ‘review and revise’ which is a key strategy to minimise antibiotic overuse in hospitals.

Methods
In this qualitative study, run within the feasibility study of a large, cluster-randomised stepped wedge trial of 36 hospital organisations, a series of semi-structured, think-aloud telephone interviews were conducted and data were analysed using thematic analysis. Fifteen adult patients who had experienced a recent acute medical hospital admission during which they had been prescribed antimicrobials and offered a patient leaflet about antibiotic prescribing were recruited to the study.

Results
Participants reacted positively to the leaflet, reporting that it was both an accessible and important source of information which struck the appropriate balance between informing and reassuring. Participants all valued open communication with clinicians, and were keen to be involved in antibiotic prescribing decisions, with individuals reporting positive experiences regarding antibiotic prescription changes or stopping. Many participants had prior experience or knowledge of antibiotics and resistance, and generally welcomed efforts to reduce antibiotic usage. Overall, there was a feeling that healthcare professionals (HCPs) are trusted experts providing the most appropriate treatment for individual patient conditions.

Conclusions
This study offers novel insights into how patients within secondary care are likely to respond to messages advocating a reduction in the use of antibiotics through the ‘review and revise’ approach. Due to the level of trust that patients place in their care provider, encouraging HCPs within secondary care to engage patients with greater communication and information provision could provide great advantages in the drive to reduce antibiotic use. It may also be beneficial for HCPs to view patient experiences as cumulative events that have the potential to impact future behaviour around antibiotic use. Finally, pre-testing messages about antibiotic prescribing and resistance is vital to dispelling any misconceptions either around effectiveness of treatment for patients, or perceptions of how messages may be received.

Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN12674243 (10 April 2017),
Can admission lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 predict the symptomatic cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Authors: Ding Chen-Yu , Wang Fang-Yu , Cai Han-Pei , Chen Xiao-Yong , Zheng Shu-Fa , Yu Liang-Hong , Lin Yuan-Xiang , Lin Zhang-Ya , Kang De-Zhi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Inflammation has been believed to be related to the development of cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). A potential biomarker for vascular inflammation that is well recognized is the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). However, whether Lp-PLA2 can predict the occurrence of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (SCV) in aSAH patients is still unknown. Thus, this study aimed to assess the value of Lp-PLA2 for predicting SCV in patients with aSAH.

Methods
Between March 2017 and April 2018, we evaluated 128 consecutive aSAH patients who were admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Their Lp-PLA2 level was obtained within 24 h of the initial bleeding. Factors might be related to SCV were analyzed.

Results
Compared to patients without SCV, those with SCV (9.4%, 12/128) had significantly higher Lp-PLA2 level. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that worse modified Fisher grade (OR = 10.08, 95% CI = 2.04–49.86, P = 0.005) and higher Lp-PLA2 level (OR = 6.66, 95% CI = 1.33–3.30, P = 0.021) were significantly associated with SCV, even after adjustment for confounders. Based on the best threshold, Lp-PLA2 had a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 51.7% for predicting SCV, as shown by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. In the poor World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade patient sub-group, patients with Lp-PLA2 > 200 μg/L had significantly higher SCV rate than that of patients having Lp-PLA2 ≤ 200 μg/L.

Conclusion
The admission Lp-PLA2 level might be a helpful predictor for SCV in aSAH.
A lion in a matchbox: Artistic identity and cracking the professional code in American higher education
Authors: Funk Clayton 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article is an analysis of the culture of academic professionalism of art programmes in American universities. In the Gilded Age, American universities underwent significant reforms that transformed them in to centres for professional education in Medicine, Law, social work, and other professions, including the visual arts. College art was transformed during these years. Guided by theory set forth by Burton Bledstein, the article decodes this new culture with concepts of time spent in practice and training, the specialized spaces (for art this meant studios and classrooms), and words (the discourse, terminology and language that distinguishes professionals from their clientele). These concepts help embody a collective professional identity of people with boundaries to regulate the social experience art faculty and students in a new, and at times troubled modern culture of professionalism.
Artist as teacher and model
Authors: Yeager Raymond 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Being an artist is often an enigma to art students. They need a model who will demonstrate a way to navigate the world as an artist. We are that model. As art educators, we can help demystify the practice of being an artist and help our students understand it by offering ourselves as models and mentors. In this undertaking, we should be open with students about our own odysseys as artists. Especially the many failures and hardships we faced and overcame to succeed. This modelling of art practice is a form of ‘lending consciousness'. Developed by Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky, this concept asserts the idea that development is a social or communal process as well as a pedagogical one. By creating a learning environment where we model, as well as instruct, we alter the traditional role we play in the classroom. When our teaching and art-making become intertwined, the students benefit greatly from a more engaged instructor, and it is more likely that they will see themselves as artists-in-training.
An urban walk as a teaching strategy and investigative instrument in art education
Authors: Genet-Verney Rafaèle , Marín-Viadel Ricardo , Fernández-Morillas Antonio 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article explores interactions among three topics: the city, visual arts and education, all interconnected through an urban and artistic practice of walking. This reflection is carried out in three fields of thought: education, investigation and artistic creation. On an educative level, one questions how a path through the city can be a strategy for art education learning. In the research field, thanks to analysis of artistic and urbanism methodologies applied to the city, research is carried out using walking maps as tools of art and urban planning investigation. On an artistic level, aesthetic results are desired from the investigation as a result of teaching practice designed to be a creative reflection on the city. We analysed current tendencies in art education through the use of the walking path around the city and investigation using maps. We present the three educative experiences validating the use of urban walks as pedagogic strategies and instruments of investigation.
Bioequivalence study of two oral lincomycin formulations (lincopharm 800Â® and lincoyosrÂ®) in broiler chickens
Authors: Elkomy Ashraf , Aboubakr Mohamed 
Published: April 2020

The present study was designed to assess the comparative bio-equivalence of Lincopharm 800Â® and LincoyosrÂ® in healthy broiler chicken after oral administration of both products in a dose of 20 mg lincomycin base/kg b.wt. Twenty four broiler chickens were divided into two groups. The first group was designed to study the pharmacokinetics of Lincopharm 800Â®, while the 2nd group was designed to study the pharmacokinetics of LincoyosrÂ®. Each broiler chicken in both groups was orally administered with 20 mg lincomycin base/kg b.wt. Blood samples were obtained from the wing vein and collected immediately before and at 0.08, 0.16, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after a single oral administration. The disposition kinetics of Lincopharm 800Â® and LincoyosrÂ® following oral administration of 20 mg lincomycin base /kg b.wt, revealed that the maximum blood concentration of lincomycin [Cmax] were 4.81 and 4.62 Î¼g/ml and attained at [tmax] of 1.36 and 1.35 hours, respectively. In conclusion: LincoyosrÂ® is bioequivalent to Lincopharm 800Â® since the ratios of Cmax, AUC0-24 and AUC0-âˆž (T/R) was 0.96, 0.92 and 0.91 respectively. These are within the bioequivalence acceptance range. LincoyosrÂ® and Lincopharm 800Â® are therefore bioequivalent and interchangeable.Â Â Â
The Role of medicinal herbs in treatment of insulin resistance in patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A literature review
Authors: Ashkar Fatemeh , Rezaei Shahla , Salahshoornezhad Sara , Vahid Farhad , Gholamalizadeh Maryam , Dahka Samaneh Mirzaei , Doaei Saeid 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine abnormalities in women. Due to the side effects of drugs, the tendency to use natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents to regulate metabolism, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia in PCOS patients has been increased. This review aimed to investigate the role of herbal substances on the treatment of PCOS.MethodsThe present review was carried out using keywords such as polycystic ovary syndrome and/or PCOS and/or herb. Databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct were used to collect all related articles published from 1990 to 2019. We excluded studies unrelated to the PCOS and medical herbs.ResultsOverall, 361 records were identified through database searching. After primary screening and the full-texts assessment, 323 records were excluded, and 38 articles were finally included. The results indicate that some medicinal herbs may have a key role in treating PCOS. The compounds in these medical herbs can affect lipid profiles (Aloe vera, chamomile, and cinnamon), insulin resistance (cinnamon, chamomile,Aloe vera, andCamellia sinensis), blood glucose (Aloe vera, cinnamon, andCamellia sinensis), hormones (Aloe vera, silymarin, chamomile, fenugreek,Camellia sinensis,Heracleum persicum,Potentilla,Mentha spicata,Foeniculum vulgar, licorice, andMarrubium), and ovarian tissue (Aloe vera, chamomile,Camellia sinensis,Mentha spicata, and silymarin).ConclusionNatural substances such asAloe vera, cinnamon, green tea, fenugreek, and silymarin can be used as a new supportive care for PCOS. Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm their benefits and safety.