bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of correction equation for actual sodium concentration on the reduction in frequency of reports on pseudohyponatremia
Authors: Cho Jooyoung , Uh Young , Choi Seong Jin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Serum sodium concentration could be spuriously reduced by excess glucose or lipid; thus, hyponatremia should be reassessed before reporting in order to exclude the possibility of pseudohyponatremia.

Methods
In this study, we used the calculation of corrected serum sodium concentration in hyperglycemic or lipemic samples and evaluated its effect on the reduction in frequency of reports on pseudohyponatremia. We retrospectively analyzed 1-year data from the laboratory information system.

Results
From August 2017 to July 2018, hyponatremia was initially noted in 30,465 results, of which 6614 results reported hyperglycemia. Corrected sodium concentrations were calculated using the results with glucose >170 mg/dL or lipemia index ≥3. The reported frequency of hyponatremia before and after correction of sodium concentration was reduced by 42.9%. Moreover, only 51.9% of the patients with severe hyponatremia had “true” severe hyponatremia. After applying the formula, the degree of hyponatremia was unchanged in only 45.8% of the total results.

Conclusions
Our report on the corrected sodium concentration reduced the frequency of pseudohyponatremia in hyperglycemic samples. Calculation of corrected sodium concentration is a useful tool to help clinicians establish appropriate care and treatment plans. Further prospective study is required to validate to our system in a real clinical practice.
Helium focused ion beam direct milling of plasmonic heptamer-arranged nanohole arrays
Authors: Hahn Choloong , Hajebifard Akram , Berini Pierre 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We fabricate plasmonic heptamer-arranged nanohole (HNH) arrays by helium (He) focused ion beam (HeFIB) milling, which is a resist-free, maskless, direct-write method. The small He+ beam spot size and high milling resolution achieved by the gas field-ionization source used in our HeFIB allows the milling of high aspect ratio (4:1) nanoscale features in metal, such as HNHs incorporating 15 nm walls of high verticality between holes in a 55-nm-thick gold film. Drifts encountered during the HeFIB milling of large arrays, due to sample stage vibrations or He beam instability, were compensated by a drift correction technique based on in situ He ion imaging of alignment features. Our drift correction technique yielded 20 nm maximum dislocation of HNHs, with 6.9 and 4.6 nm average dislocations along the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. The measured optical resonance spectra of the fabricated plasmonic HNH arrays are presented to support the fabrication technique. Defects associated with HeFIB milling are also discussed.
Simply synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dot (NGQD)-modified electrode for the ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical detection of dopamine
Authors: Wang Jin , Lu Cheng , Chen Tingting , Hu Lanping , Du Yukou , Yao Yong , Goh M. Cynthia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recently, nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs), as a new type of quantum semiconductor and photoelectrochemical material, are promising candidates in photoelectric sensing, water splitting, and biological imaging and have various potential application prospects. In this work, NGQDs were prepared by a simple calcination method, and then a photoelectrochemical sensing platform based on the NGQDs electrode with superior photoelectrochemical activity was designed and fabricated for the detection of dopamine (DA). Benefitting from the quantum effect and size effect, NGQDs displayed an enhanced photocurrent effective within ultra-low detection limit (0.03 μm), wide detection range (0.03–450 and 450–9680 μm), and high sensitivity in detecting DA with the assistance of ultraviolet light irradiation. The NGQDs electrode also showed continuous and stable photocurrent densities after long-term experiment, indicating the excellent durability of NGQDs for DA detection.
Nomenclature and terminology for linear lactic acid-based polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2019)
Authors: Vert Michel , Chen Jiazhong , Hellwich Karl-Heinz , Hodge Philip , Nakano Tamaki , Scholz Carmen , Slomkowski Stanislaw , Vohlidal Jiri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Lactic acid enantiomers and cyclic lactic acid dimers, the latter referred to as lactides, are sources of degradable aliphatic polymers that are composed of chiral constitutional repeating units. The different synthesis routes and the various combinations of chiral units result in a multitude of chiral structures and of corresponding properties. Distinctive structural identification is often crucial, especially for applications as degradable polymers. This document provides recommendations for the nomenclature, abbreviations, and terminology related to lactic acid-based polymers in order to allow consistent comparison between polymers of different origins and between data collected within different disciplines.
Four Ways We Know the Democratic Peace Correlation Does Not Exist in the State of Knowledge
Authors: Mousseau Michael 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Multiple studies have shown that when advanced-market “contract-intensive” economy is considered in a regression of fatal militarized interstate disputes, crises, or wars, the democratic peace correlation, the observed dearth of militarized conflict between democratic nations, becomes near zero and insignificant. Defenders of the existence of a correlation of democracy with peace claim these studies contain multiple errors. This article examines the state of evidence behind all claims in this debate. Four crucial facts are identified: (1) There is no report in print that shows democracy significant in a regression of fatal disputes controlling for contractualist economy that is unencumbered with controversial practices; (2) Every empirical defense of democracy has been rebutted, and the rebuttals remain uncontested; (3) There is no democratic peace in the nineteenth century, when there were no contractualist dyads but were democratic dyads; and (4) New analyses with revised direct data on contractualist economy covering 94% of observations over the largest-observed 1920–2010 period show that democracy without contractualist economy has a near-zero correlation with peace. Together, these facts inform us that there are no scientific grounds for deeming the democratic peace correlation as existing in the state of knowledge.
Stereochemistry of Pt(η2-P2L)Cl2 derivatives
Authors: Melník Milan , Mikuš Peter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe coordination chemistry of platinum (Pt) covers a huge field as shown by a recent survey covering the crystallographic and structural data of almost 200 monomeric examples of the Pt(η2-P2L)Cl2type. About 20% of these complexes exist as isomers and are discussed in this review. Included are distortion (64%),cis-trans(20%), and ligand (16%) isomers. These are discussed in terms of the metallocyclic rings, and coordinations are drawn between donor atoms, bond lengths, and interbond angles, with attention to anytrans-influence. Distortion isomers, differing only by the degree of distortion in Pt-L and L-Pt-L angles, are the most numerous. In this series of distortion and ligand isomers, the square-planar configuration about the Pt(II) atom has onlycis-configuration. The total mean values of Pt-L bond distances (cis- vs.trans-configuration) are 2.228 Å (P) and 2.353 Å (Cl) vs. 2.312 (P) and 2.302 Å (Cl).
Einflussfaktoren auf das Stigmabewusstsein Arbeitsloser
Authors: Lang Sebastian , Gross Christiane 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht der Frage nach, welche Faktoren das Stigmabewusstsein von arbeitslosen Personen bedingen. Als theoretische Grundlage wird der Labeling-Ansatz herangezogen und Arbeitslosigkeit als ein von der Erwerbsarbeitsnorm abweichender Status aufgefasst. Zusätzliche Annahmen der Geschlechterforschung implizieren eine nach Geschlecht variierende Gültigkeit der Erwerbsarbeitsnorm und einen variierenden Einfluss der informellen sozialen Kontrolle. Die Hypothesen werden mittels Daten der Panelbefragung „Arbeitsmarkt und soziale Sicherung“ (PASS) getestet. Es zeigt sich ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen einer zweiten Arbeitslosigkeitsepisode (für Männer), der aktuellen Arbeitslosigkeitsdauer, materieller Deprivation und der Verpflichtung zur Arbeitssuche (für Männer) mit dem Stigmabewusstsein Arbeitsloser. Insgesamt unterstützen die Befunde weitgehend die Annahmen des Labeling-Ansatzes: Das Stigmabewusstsein von Arbeitslosen ist mit dem Ausmaß und der Sichtbarkeit der Devianz sowie formeller sozialer Kontrolle im Sinne der Suchverpflichtung assoziiert.
Der Markt im Körper. Emotionales Beobachten und Bewerten im digitalisierten Finanzhandel
Authors: Laube Stefan 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungAuf der Grundlage ethnografischer Daten analysiert der Aufsatz den Körper als Ressource der Bearbeitung extremer Ungewissheit im digitalen Finanzhandel. Um Beobachtungen und Bewertungen zu gewinnen, transformieren die untersuchten HändlerInnen ihre Körper in Beobachtungsinstrumente, die visuell projizierte Echt-Zeit-Kursströme sowie Gewinne und Verluste in expressive Laute und emotionale Äußerungen überführen. Diese Medienwechsel beruhen auf der Aneignung einer immersiven Erkenntnishaltung, bei der HändlerInnen sensorisch und leiblich mit dem Markt verschmelzen. Leibliche Emotionen und ihre Darstellung werden im Handelsraum als Begründungen für intuitive Entscheidungen genutzt. Abgesichert ist die immersive Erkenntnishaltung durch die Vorstellung der Teilnehmenden, dass eine kompetente Marktteilnahme emotionale Affinitäten zwischen Markt und HändlerInnen erfordert.
Gütekriterien in der qualitativen Sozialforschung als Form der Reflexion und Kommunikation. Eine Replik auf die Beiträge von Strübing et al. und Eisewicht & Grenz.
Authors: Jansen Till 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungIn unterschiedlichem Maße plädieren die Beiträge Strübings et al. (2018) sowie Eisewichts und Grenz’ dafür, Gütekriterien im Hinblick auf die diskursive Rezeption qualitativer Forschung zu formulieren und ‚rhetorische Performanz’ zur Bewertung der Qualität qualitativer Forschung heranzuziehen. Eisewicht und Grenz sprechen sich sogar vollständig gegen „paradigmatisch-operationalisierende“ und ausschließlich für „rhetorisch-performative“ Gütekriterien aus. Doch eine qualitative Sozialforschung, die Rhetorik als Gütekriterium für wissenschaftliche Güte anerkennt, verwechselt diskursiven Erfolg mit Wahrheitsgehalt und gefährdet damit das, was Wissenschaft ausmacht. Qualitative Forschung, will sie als Forschung ernst genommen werden, sollte daher ausschließlich auf „paradigmatisch-operationalisierende“ Gütekriterien zurückgreifen und Rhetorik sowie Originalität ausschließlich in ihrer Funktion für die Vermittlung würdigen.
PHF6 promotes non‐homologous end joining and G2 checkpoint recovery
Authors: Warmerdam Daniël O , Alonso‐de Vega Ignacio , Wiegant Wouter W , van den Broek Bram , Rother Magdalena B , Wolthuis Rob MF , Freire Raimundo , van Attikum Haico , Medema René H , Smits Veronique AJ 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe cellular response to DNA breaks is influenced by chromatin compaction. To identify chromatin regulators involved in the DNA damage response, we screened for genes that affect recovery following DNA damage using an RNAi library of chromatin regulators. We identified genes involved in chromatin remodeling, sister chromatid cohesion, and histone acetylation not previously associated with checkpoint recovery. Among these is the PHD finger protein 6 (PHF6), a gene mutated in Börjeson–Forssman–Lehmann syndrome and leukemic cancers. We find that loss of PHF6 dramatically compromises checkpoint recovery in G2 phase cells. Moreover, PHF6 is rapidly recruited to sites of DNA lesions in a PARP‐dependent manner and required for efficient DNA repair through classical non‐homologous end joining. These results indicate that PHF6 is a novel DNA damage response regulator that promotes end joining‐mediated repair, thereby stimulating timely recovery from the G2 checkpoint.
Inflationary Magnetogenesis with Helical Coupling
Authors: Shtanov Yu. V. , Pavliuk M. V. 
Published: November 2019

We describe a simple scenario of inflationary magnetogenesis based on a helical coupling to electromagnetism. It allows the generation of helical magnetic fields with strength of order up to 10−7 Gs, when extrapolated to the current epoch, in a narrow spectral band centered at any physical wavenumber after the adjustment of model parameters. The additional constraints on magnetic fields arise from the considerations of baryogenesis and, possibly, from the Schwinger effect of the creation of charged particle-antiparticle pairs.
An evaluation of gross inland energy consumption of six Central European countries
Authors: MAGDA ROBERT , Bozsik Norbert , Meyer Natanya 
Published: November 2019

The study provides a comprehensive overview of the current structure and utilization of energy production of six Central European countries (Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania) focusing on the dependence on energy imports. The purpose of the article was to analyse the gross inland energy consumption of these six countries and to examine the relationship between renewable energy and non-renewable energy sources. A comparative time series analysis method using data from 2010 to 2016 was utilized. In addition, partial correlation analysis under control variables to determine whether the relationship calculated in the correlation matrix exists or not was applied. Results indicated that in the European Union, the renewables have mainly replaced nuclear energy. A combination of renewables and natural gas replaced the coal in Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Bulgaria. Findings were inconclusive to prove this in Hungary and Romania. The energy production structure of the six Central European countries varies due to the differences in natural endowments. However, the results showed that the renewables mainly replaced coal.
THE ANALYSIS OF TRAVEL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE SCHOOL BUS PROVISION PLAN BASED ON STUDENTS’ TRANSPORTATION MODE
Authors: Rozandi A. , Agustien M. , Arliansyah J. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose. This study was conducted to obtain the characteristics of respondents and travel modes that are still dominated among private vehicle users. Methodology. This analysis was done using Microsoft excel and SPSS Ver. 25 for Windows. Findings. The results showed that the factors affecting the use of transportation modes for students journeys at one time to and from school are as follows: a) sex (X1), b) age (X2), c) monthly pocket money (X3), d) distance (X6), e) long trips departure (X7 ), f) leave travel expenses (X8), g) the frequency of the return trip (X10), h) the distance of the return trip (X11), i) the long way home (X12) and j) the cost for going home (X13). The opportunity of providing school bus may get good responses because the students would prefer to choose a mass transportation integrated with the school and giving good service, safety, less cost and its affectivity. In fact, it is not only in pedestrian offenders who have close travel distance and short-time travel of leaving for school and back home. Originality. There have been many studies discussing public transportation. However, this study limits only in discussing the use of school bus regarding students’ transport modes. Practical value. Generally, this study contributes positive outputs in some aspects, such as: economics, management and safety. Indeed, the existence of school bus will help students who have some difficulties, including distance, economical problem and so on.
Extended Survival After Surgical Resection for Pituitary Metastases: Clinical Features, Management, and Outcomes of Metastatic Disease to the Sella
Authors: Patel Krupa R. , Zheng Junting , Tabar Viviane , Cohen Marc A. , Girotra Monica 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Patients with pituitary metastasis (PM) have a relatively poor prognosis. We describe the presentation, management, and outcomes of patients with PM.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods
We performed a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with PM at a single institution from 1996 to 2015. Eighty-five patients diagnosed with metastasis to the pituitary or sella turcica by pathology or based on a combination of neuroimaging and clinical findings were included. Univariate and multivariable Cox regressions evaluated associations between clinical factors and overall survival.

Results
The most frequent sites of primary malignancies resulting in PM were lung (26%) and breast (26%). Median age at diagnosis was 60 years (range, 18–95). The most common complaints at diagnosis included visual deficits (62%), headache (47%), and cranial nerve palsy (31%). Seventy percent of patients had pituitary insufficiency—adrenal insufficiency (59%), hypothyroidism (59%), or diabetes insipidus (28%). Management of PM included radiation therapy (76%), chemotherapy (68%), surgical resection (21%), or combination therapy (71%). Fifty percent and 52% of patients who received surgical treatment and irradiation, respectively, reported symptomatic improvement. Median overall survival (OS) was 16.5 months (95% confidence interval: 10.7–25.4). On multivariable analysis, a primary cancer site other than lung or breast (p = .020), age &lt;60 years (p = .030), and surgical resection (p = .016) were associated with longer OS.

Conclusion
Patients &lt;60 years of age, those with primary tumor sites other than lung or breast, and those who undergo surgical resection of the pituitary lesion may have prolonged survival. Surgical resection and radiation treatment resulted in symptomatic improvement in ~50% of patients.

Implications for Practice
This study is the largest original series of patients with metastatic disease to the sella. In patients with pituitary metastasis, younger age, primary site other than lung or breast, and metastatic resection may prolong survival. Resection and radiation led to symptomatic improvement in ∼50% of patients. Seventy percent of patients had hypopituitarism. These hormonal deficiencies can be life threatening and can result in substantial morbidity if left untreated. Patients should be treated using a multimodality approach—including a potential role for surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and hormone replacement—with the goal of improving survival and quality of life.
Spatial Correlations in CyberShake Physics‐Based Ground‐Motion Simulations
Authors: Chen Yilin , Baker Jack W. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
When studying the performance of distributed infrastructure in earthquakes, spatial variations in strong ground motion have a significant impact. Currently, prediction models for spatial ground‐motion variations in future earthquakes are calibrated using ground‐motion observations from densely recorded earthquakes. Although useful, that calibration process requires strong assumptions about stationarity and isotropy of correlations. This article reports results from conducting analogous spatial variation estimation using physics‐based simulations from the CyberShake platform. This platform contains simulated ground motions from hundreds of thousands of rupture realizations, at locations throughout southern California, providing a synthetic ground‐motion catalog that is much richer than we could ever hope to achieve from recordings. That richness allows significant relaxation of stationarity and isotropy assumptions, and provides new insights regarding the role of source and path heterogeneity on the spatial correlation of ground‐motion amplitudes. The results suggest that geological conditions, source effects, and path effects have significant impacts on spatial correlations. In addition, this work serves as a new dimension of ground‐motion simulation validation, because the estimated correlations can be compared to results from past earthquakes.
ГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ МЕТОД ВЫБОРА БУРОВЫХ ДОЛОТ
Authors: Попов Анатолий Николаевич , Исмаков Рустэм Адипович , Конесев Геннадий Васильевич , Ишбаев Гиният Гарифуллович 
Published: November 2019

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью выбора перспективных буровых долот на стадии проектирования технологии бурения. Это направление является ресурсосберегающим, минимизирующим объем промысловых испытаний при поиске оптимальных технологических решений. Цель: разработать уточненную методику выбора буровых долот по статистическим данным о показателях механических свойств горных пород. Объекты: идентификация буровых долот различных фирм и их выбор в соответствии со статистическими характеристиками механических свойств горных пород. Эти вопросы слабо изучены и вызывают затруднения при проектировании режимов бурения скважин. Методы: графоаналитическое изучение соответствия типов буровых долот прочностным характеристикам горных пород, определяемым методом одноосного сжатия и методом статического вдавливания штампа с плоским основанием. Результаты. Для идентификации долот различных изготовителей Международная ассоциация буровых подрядчиков (МАБП) разработала единую классификацию в кодах МАБП. Для отечественной практики возникла дилемма: горные породы охарактеризованы твердостью горных пород по штампу и в категориях, а долота – прочностью горных пород при одноосном сжатии и в кодах МАБП. Предложен переход к показателю прочности горных пород, выраженному в кодах МАБП долота. Это обеспечивает единство характеристик как для долот, так и для горных пород. Соответственно предложены номограммы для выбора долот по статистическим величинам прочности горных пород в кодах МАБП, рассчитанных с надежностью 0,95. Показано, что можно аналогично выбирать долота и при представлении твердости горных пород в категориях. В случае лопастных алмазно-твердосплавных долот их выбор распадается на два этапа: выбор типа вооружения в соответствии с прочностью горной породы в кодах или твердостью в категориях и расчет числа лопастей долота, которое зависит как от прочностных характеристик горной породы, так и от диаметра долота. Для упрощения выбора долот предложено характеризовать буримость выделяемых интервалов бурения не словесно (мягкие, средние и т. д.), а их статистическими характеристиками в кодах МАБП или в категориях буримости с заданной вероятностью.
Correlation Between Cohesive Devices Mastery and Learning Motivation Toward Reading Comprehension
Authors: Utomo Arining Tyas , Asrori Muh. , Sulistyawati Hefy 
Published: November 2019

<p>The aims of the research are to investigate whether there is a<strong> </strong>positive correlation between (1) cohesive devices mastery and reading comprehension; (2) learning motivation and reading comprehension; (3) cohesive devices mastery, learning motivation simultaneously toward reading comprehension. The method used in this research is correlation. The study was conducted in one of state senior high schools in Sukoharjo. The population of the research consists of 253 students. The sample is 34 students taken by cluster random sampling. The instruments in collecting the data are questionnaire and objective test. The technique of analyzing the data are simple and multiple linear regression and correlation. The result of the research shows that there is a positive correlation between (1) cohesive devices mastery and reading comprehension; (2) learning motivation and reading comprehension;(3) cohesive devices mastery, learning motivation simultaneously toward reading comprehension. Based on the research result, it can be concluded that cohesive devices mastery and learning motivation give contribution in the improvement of reading comprehension.</p>