bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN HAK–HAK TERSANGKA TERHADAP KASUS PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA DALAM PRA PERADILAN
Authors: Sitepu Desy Kartika Caronina , Purba Nelvitia 
Published: February 2020

Penegak hukum ada kalanya di dalam melaksanakan tugasnya dan wewenangnya secara tidak bertanggung jawab dan melanggar terhadap kasus-kasus yang ditangani termasuk kasus penyalahgunaan narkotika. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan dengan adanya berita ataupun laporan yang sering memuat tentang seseorang yang disangka melakukan tindak pidana, di tahan melebihi batas waktu yang telah ditetapkan oleh KUHAP, ataupun adanya tindakan penahanan yang dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum tanpa disertai dengan surat penahanan yang jelas bahkan penahanan yang dilakukan tanpa prosedur yang benar. Analisis data yang dilakukan oleh penulis dengan menentukan isi dan makna daripada aturan hukum yang akan dijadikan pegangan dalam menyelesaikan masalah yang di kaji Setelah itu dilakukan pengumpulan data, selanjutnya diseleksi, diklasifikasi dan disusun dalam bentuk narasi yang kemudian disatukan dalam bentuk karya ilmiah. Dengan menggunakan metode deduktif yaitu penarikan kesimpulan yang ditarik dari sesuatu yang sifatnya umum yang sudah dibuktikan kebenarannya dan penelitian ini menghasilkan data deskriftif berupa pengumpulan tertulis maupun lisan yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Mengawasi adanya tindakana upaya paksa yang dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum tersebut, maka KUHAP telah menciptakan lembaga Praperadilan. Adanya lembaga Praperadilan ini adalah bertujuan untuk tegaknya hukum dan perlindungan daripada hak-hak tersangka untuk mendapat perlindungan hukum dan perlindungan hak asasi tersangka tersebut di dalam proses pemeriksaan pada tingkat pemeriksaan, penyidikan dan penuntutan.. Kata Kunci: Praperadilan, Hak-hak tersangka,Penyidik,Melampau Wewenang
INFORMASI MORFOLOGI REPRODUKSI DAN NISBAH KELAMIN UDANG MANTIS Cloridopsis scorpio (Latreile, 1828) DI PERAIRAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE BELAWAN
Authors: Dimenta Rivo Hasper , Machrizal Rusdi , Khairul Khairul 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui morfologi alat reproduksi dan nisbah kelamin jantan-betina pada udang mantis Cloridopsis scorpio telah dilakukan selama 3 bulan, sejak bulan Maret hingga Mei 2019 pada perairan ekosistem mangrove Belawan. Pengambilan sampel udang mantis Cloridopsis scorpio dilakukan menggunakan jaring ambai berbahan nilon polyfilament dengan peletakan posisi jaring melawan pergerakan arus air. Penentuan stasiun pengamatan ditetapkan dengan metode purposive random sampling sehingga diharapkan dapat memperoleh data yang mewakili lokasi. Data nisbah kelamin dianalisis menggunakan analisis chi-square (χ2) (Sugiono, 2006) dan data sebaran frekuensi matang gonad udang dianalisa dengan rumus Walpole (1993). Hasil analisis nisbah kelamin menunjukkan nisbah kelamin jantan C. scorpio lebih sedikit dibandingkan betina dengan perolehan nilai chi-square hitung > chi-square tabel(0,05.10) (63,20 >18,30). Dari hasil analisa data sebaran frekuensi udang ditemukan C. scorpio kategori belum matang gonad (BMG) paling banyak ditemukan pada ekosistem mangrove Belawan dengan selang ukuran panjang tubuh 32 mm hingga 128,72 mm, dan udang mantis yang matang gonad (MG) ditemukan mulai pada selang kelas ukuran panjang tubuh 128,72 mm hingga 298,00 mm Kata kunci: Belawan, Nisbah Kelamin, Cloridopsis scorpio, Reproduksi
CEMARAN BAKTERI DAN RESIDU PESTISIDA PADA BUAH ANGGUR
Authors: Suparman Ryan , Athennia Armita 
Published: February 2020

Buah merupakan komoditas pangan yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh rumah tangga di Indonesia, baik dalam keadaan segar. Dikaitkan dengan masalah keamanan pangan, buah-buahan ini dapat dikatakan sebagai jenis buah yang berpeluang mengandung residu pestisida melebihi batas maksimum residu karena buah disemprot pestisida secara langsung selama proses produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberadaan residu pestisida (golongan organofosfat) dan bakteri Escherichia coli pada buah anggur lokal dan Impor. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian survey observational. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah anggur impor dan lokal yang di beli pada 3 pedagang berbeda.Pengambilan sampel di Pasar Induk Kramat Jati. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa keberadan Escherichia coli pada buah anggur lokal dan impor adalah 0,3 MPN/g dibawah standar nasional Indonesia dan ditemukan residu pestisida organofosfat pada buah anggur impor dan lokal namun kadarnya masih dalam batas aman. Kata Kunci : bakteri, escherichia coli, residu pestisida, anggur, buah
The theory of patronized goods in the optics of comparative methodology.
Authors: Rubinstein Aleksander 
Published: February 2020

The present study focuses on the methodological aspects of the Theory of patronized goods, modifications of two liberal principles of the Austrian school, incorporated into mainstream economic theory - "methodological subjectivism" and “methodological individualism”, as well as the standard axiom of "homogeneity of economic agents". The paper discusses some modifications to these assumptions and their various combinations that form the basis of a number of theories that justify state activity. Analysis of the basic premises of the theory of public goods and merit goods, and the concept of libertarian paternalism allowed the author to suggest that from the point of view of methodology, these theoretical constructions are particular cases of the Theory of patronized goods based on "methodological subjectivism", "methodological relativism" and "the principle of heterogeneity". In the Theory of patronized goods they are integrated in the form of supposition that every person depending on the level of his understanding and his value judgments acts subjectively optimally in the given circumstances; in the principle of utility complementarity, according to which there may be a group interest alongside with the individual interests of the group members; and in the form of two irreducible to each other branches of formation of public interest – market and political.
Testing EMA Indicator for the Currency Pair EUR / USD
Authors: Kolková Andrea 
Published: February 2020

The aim of this paper is to verify the effectiveness of EMA indicator according to selected time intervals. The underlying assumption is that on longer timescales EMA is profitable and provides more relevant signals. The second objective of this paper is to test the signals of indicators in different months. It is believed that in September and January the number of trading signals on this indicator will increase. Testing will be done on the five-minute time frame. The test will be subjected to 65,000 rate values of the EUR / USD currency pair. The effectiveness of the analysis will be evaluated on the basis of a digital (binary) option. Business strategy is based on EMA crossover indicator of the current exchange rate. By the contribution, there were confirmed hypotheses about more profitable signals when selecting a greater timeframe breadth of moving average. There was also confirmed an increased amount of signals in September, but not in January.
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Outdoor Study
Authors: Gobel Inang , Ahmad Muchtar , Sudirman Sudirman 
Published: February 2020

Inang Gobel Nim 911 415 112 “Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Outdoor Study”. Program Studi S-1 Pendidikan Ekonomi, Jurusan Pendidikan Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo.. Adapun yang menjadi masalah dalam penelitian ini apakah dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran Outdoor Study dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa melalui metode pembelajaran Outdoor Study pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 1 Kabila Kabupaten Bone Bolango.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Yang dilaksanakan dalam II siklus, dengan jumlah siswa 26 orang.Dari hasil penelitian pada pelaksanaan tindakan kelas ini terdiri, hasil pada siklus I mencapai 57,70% kemudian pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 84,62%. Kata Kunci : Metode Pembelajaran Outdoor Study dan Hasil Belajar
Pengaruh Fasilitas Perpustakaan Terhadap Budaya Baca
Authors: R.Moo Zulkifli , Popoi Irina , Mahmud Melizubaida 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh fasilitas perpustakaan terhadap budaya baca siswa kelas XI IPS di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 41 responden. Tehnik pengumpulan data ialah observasi, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear sederhana.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif fasilitas perpustakaan terhadap budaya baca siswa kelas XI IPS di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan model analisis regeresi adalah Ŷ = 3,605 + 0,752 X + ε. Dengan besar pengaruh fasilitas Kelas XI IPS Di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Gorontalo”. Program Studi Pendidikan Ekonomi Konsentrasi Pendidikan Ekonomi Akuntansi, Jurusan Pendidikan Ekonomi, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Dibawah bimbingan perpustakaan terhadap budaya baca siswa mencapai 35,7% dan sisanya 64,3% budaya baca siswa dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.
Kata kunci : Fasilitas Perpustakaan, Budaya Baca Siswa
Pengaruh Kompetensi Profesional Guru Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Kurniadi Andi , Popoi Irina , Mahmud Melizubaida 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kompetensi profesional guru terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas VIII pada mata pelajaran IPS Terpadu di SMP Negeri 2 Telaga Kabupaten Gorontalo.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif deskriptif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 29 responden. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi.
Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kompetensi profesional guru memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas VIII pada mata pelajaran IPS terpadu di SMP Negeri 2 Telaga Kabupaten Gorontalo. Ini terlihat dari hasil analisis regresi dimana kompetensi profesional guru berpengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar siswa yang mencapai 36,7% dan sisanya 63,3% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.

Kata kunci : Kompetensi Profesional Guru, Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Diversification of Foreign Policy, From Peacekeeping to Strategic Presence: The Case of Pakistan in Africa
Authors: Bakare Najimdeen 
Published: February 2020

Pakistan began its participation in UN peacekeeping in 1960 and became one of the top Troop Contributing Countries (TCC) during 1990s. Barely two decades following its creation, Pakistan demonstrated a unique sense of shared responsibility and humanity by contributing troops to bringing about peace and harmony in war ridden zones, this unique propensity has been on display amidst all odds and limited resources. However, it puzzles a rational mind, why Pakistan would choose to commit, deploy, and labor its troops to such perilous venture regardless of all odds and limited resources. Most of the peacekeeping missions are concentrated in Africa and Pakistan has significantly participated in these missions to bring peace and harmony to the continent. But the question is what strategic dividend and goodwill Pakistan gets from these missions, particularly the African peacekeeping missions. To articulate these issues more vividly, the paper is divided into two sections.
The first section of the paper takes a theoretical lens to understand peacekeeping and is followed by an attempt to understand why Pakistan has been an adherent peacekeeping nation. In addition to peacekeeping as a tool of foreign policy, the second section of the paper argues that there are numerous strategic ‘untapped’ areas, wherein Pakistan can equally strengthen her foreign policy in Africa, if policymakers would consider diversifying into these areas. Therefore, this paper posits that an amalgam of peacekeeping and exploitation of these untapped areas can add to the meaningful presence of Pakistan in Africa and by extension the fulfillment of her foreign policy objectives.
Strong Soft X-Ray Excess in 2015 XMM-Newton Observations of BL Lac OJ 287
Authors: Pal Main , Kushwaha Pankaj , Dewangan G. C. , Pawar P. K. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report a strong soft X-ray excess in the BL Lacartae γ-ray blazar OJ 287 during long exposure in 2015 May, among two of the latest XMM-Newton observations performed in 2015 and 2018 May. In the case of the 2015 May observation, a log parabola model fits the EPIC-pn data well, while a log parabola plus a power law describes the overall simultaneous optical to X-ray spectra, suggesting the excess as the synchrotron tail. This interpretation, however, is inconsistent with the observed spectral break between near-infrared (NIR) and optical spectra, attributed to a standard disk around a supermassive black hole (SMBH). Based on this, we considered two commonly invoked accretion-disk-based models in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to explain the soft excess: the cool Comptonization component in the accretion disk and the blurred reflection from the partially ionized accretion disk. We found that both cool Comptonization and blurred reflection models provide an equally good fit to the data, and favor a super-heavy SMBH of mass ∼1010
M
⊙. Further investigation of about a month-long simultaneous X-ray and ultraviolet (UV) pointing observations revealed a delayed UV emission with respect to the 1.5–10 keV band, favoring X-ray reprocessing phenomenon as the dominant mechanism. The results suggest that the soft excess is probably caused by strong light bending close to the SMBH. The detected soft excess in the 2015 data and its disappearance in the 2018 data is also consistent with the presence of accretion-disk emission, inferred from the NIR–optical spectral break between 2013 May and 2016 March.
A Photometric Analysis of the Relationship between the UV flux of Type Ia Supernovae and Host-galaxy Metallicity
Authors: Brown Peter J. , Crumpler Nicole R. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The effect of progenitor metallicity on Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) has important cosmological implications due to the need for these standardizable candles to be compared across large spans of cosmic time in which the progenitor stars might have different properties. Theoretical models have come to different conclusions as to the wavelength range impacted by metallicity differences, leading to differing interpretations of the growing sample of UV observations. Recent work has claimed a correlation between the mid-UV flux of SNe Ia measured from Swift grism spectra and the gas-phase metallicities measured for their host galaxies. Here we examine UV photometry for the same objects. We find no significant correlations between the UV–optical colors (or UV/optical count rate ratios) of the SNe Ia and the host-galaxy properties of mass or metallicity. The lack of a significant correlation with host-galaxy metallicity implies that a physical difference other than progenitor metallicity dominates the UV flux differences. Understanding the existing observations requires improved theoretical models and a larger parameter space of physical differences.
Close-in Exoplanets as Candidates for Strange Quark Matter Objects
Authors: Kuerban Abudushataer , Geng Jin-Jun , Huang Yong-Feng , Zong Hong-Shi , Gong Hang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Since the true ground state of hadrons may be strange quark matter (SQM), pulsars may actually be strange stars rather than neutron stars. According to this SQM hypothesis, strange planets can also stably exist. The density of normal matter planets can hardly be higher than 30 g cm−3. They will be tidally disrupted when the orbital radius is less than ∼5.6 × 1010 cm, or when the orbital period (P
orb) is less than ∼6100 s. However, an SQM planet can safely survive even when it is very close to the host, due to its high density. This feature can help us identify SQM objects. Here, we have tried to search for SQM objects among close-in exoplanets orbiting around pulsars. It is found that four pulsar planets (XTE J1807-294 b, XTE J1751-305 b, PSR 0636 b, PSR J1807-2459A b) completely meet the criterion of P
orb < 6100 s, and are thus good candidates for SQM planets. The periods of two other planets (PSR J1719-14 b and PSR J2051-0827 b) are only slightly larger than the criterion value. They could be regarded as potential candidates. Additionally, we find that the periods of five white dwarf planets (GP Com b, V396 Hya b, J1433 b, WD 0137-349 b, and SDSS J1411+2009 b) are less than 0.1 day; they might also be SQM planets. Gravitational wave emissions from these close-in planetary systems are calculated from the view of various gravitational wave detectors.
The Intriguing Parsec-scale Radio Structure in the “Offset AGN” KISSR 102
Authors: Kharb P. , Lena D. , Paragi Z. , Subramanian S. , Vaddi S. , Das M. , Khatun R. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report the detection of an intriguing parsec-scale radio source in the “offset AGN” candidate, KISSR 102. The elliptical host galaxy includes two optical nuclei at a projected separation of 1.54 kpc, N1 and N2, to the southeast and northwest, respectively. Phase-referenced Very Long Baseline Array observations at 1.5 and 4.9 GHz of this low ionization nuclear emission line region galaxy have detected double radio components (A and B) at a projected separation of 4.8 parsec at 1.5 GHz, and another partially resolved double radio structure at 4.9 GHz coincident with the brighter radio component A. These radio detections are confined to the optical nucleus N1. The brightness temperatures of all the detected radio components are high, ≳108 K, consistent with them being components of a radio active galactic nucleus (AGN). The 1.5–4.9 GHz spectral index is inverted (α ∼ + 0.64 ± 0.08) for component A and steep for component B (α ≲ −1.6). The dramatic change in the spectral indices of A and B is inconsistent with it being a typical “core-jet” structure from a single AGN, or the mini-lobes of a compact symmetric object. To be consistent with a “core-jet” structure, the jet in KISSR 102 would need to be undergoing strong jet-medium interaction with dense surrounding media resulting in a drastic spectral steepening of the jet. Alternatively, the results could be consistent with the presence of a parsec-scale binary radio AGN, which is the end result of a three-body interaction involving three supermassive black holes in the center of KISSR 102.
Self-consistent Analysis of Stellar Clusters: An Application to HST Data of the Halo Globular Cluster NGC 6752
Authors: Souza S. O. , Kerber L. O. , Barbuy B. , Pérez-Villegas A. , Oliveira R. A. P. , Nardiello D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Bayesian isochrone fitting using the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is applied, to derive the probability distribution of the parameters age, metallicity, reddening, and absolute distance modulus. We introduce the SIRIUS code by means of simulated color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs), including the analysis of multiple stellar populations (MPs). The population tagging is applied from the red giant branch to the bottom of the main sequence. Through sanity checks using synthetic Hubble Space Telescope CMDs of globular clusters we verify the code reliability in the context of simple and MPs. In such tests, the formal uncertainties in age or age difference, metallicity, reddening, and absolute distance modulus can reach 400 Myr, 0.03 dex, 0.01 mag, and 0.03 mag, respectively. We apply the method to analyze NGC 6752, using Dartmouth stellar evolutionary models. Assuming a single stellar population, we derive an age of 13.7 ± 0.5 Gyr and a distance of

, with the latter in agreement within 3σ with the inverse Gaia parallax. In the analysis of the MPs, three populations are clearly identified. From the Chromosome Map and UV/Optical two-color diagrams inspection, we found a fraction of stars of 25 ± 5, 46 ± 7, and 29 ± 5 %, for the first, second, and third generations, respectively. These fractions are in good agreement with the literature. An age difference of 500 ± 410 Myr between the first and the third generation is found, with the uncertainty decreasing to 400 Myr when the helium enhancement is taken into account.
Systematic Variations of CO J = 2−1/1–0 Ratio and Their Implications in The Nearby Barred Spiral Galaxy M83
Authors: Koda Jin , Sawada Tsuyoshi , Sakamoto Kazushi , Hirota Akihiko , Egusa Fumi , Boissier Samuel , Calzetti Daniela , Meyer Jennifer Donovan , Elmegreen Bruce G. , de Paz Armando Gil , Harada Nanase , Ho Luis C. , Kobayashi Masato I. N. , Kuno Nario , Martín Sergio , Muraoka Kazuyuki , Nakanishi Kouichiro , Scoville Nick , Seibert Mark , Vlahakis Catherine , Watanabe Yoshimasa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We present spatial variations of the CO J = 2−1/1–0 line ratio (

) in the barred spiral galaxy M83 using Total Power Array (single-dish telescopes) data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. While the intensities of these two lines correlate tightly,

varies over the disk, with a disk average ratio of 0.69, and shows the galactic center and a two-arm spiral pattern. It is high (≳0.7) in regions of high molecular gas surface density (Σmol), but ranges from low to high ratios in regions of low Σmol. The ratio correlates well with the spatial distributions and intensities of far-ultraviolet (FUV) and infrared (IR) emissions, with FUV being the best correlated. It also correlates better with the ratio of specific intensities at 70 and 350 μm, a proxy for dust temperature, than with the IR intensities. Taken together, these results suggest either a direct or indirect link between the dust heating by the interstellar radiation field and the condition of giant molecular clouds (GMCs), even though no efficient mechanism is known for a thermal coupling of dust and bulk gas in GMCs. We speculate that the large spread of

in low Σmol regions, mostly at the downstream sides of spiral arms, may be due to the evolution of massive stars after spiral arm passage. Having in a late phase escaped from the spiral arms and their parental clouds, they may contribute to the dust heating by FUV and gas heating by cosmic rays produced by supernovae.