bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
68Ga-ZHER2 PET/CT Reveals HER2-Positive Metastatic Gastric Cancer With Better Image Quality Than 18F-FDG
Authors: Zhou Nina , Guo Xiaoyi , Yang Min , Zhu Hua , Yang Zhi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A 40-year-old woman with suspected recurrent HER2-positive gastric cancer underwent both 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-ZHER2 PET/CT. Both scans revealed multiple lesions in bones and the left supraclavicular lymph node. Compared with 18F-FDG, 68Ga-ZHER2 PET/CT showed better image contrast, especially in the bone lesions.
Large Renal Cysts on Bone Scintigraphy in a Patient With Lower Back Pain
Authors: Zhu Yahua , Geng Jun , Wang Haili , Shao Fuqiang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bone scintigraphy is often utilized to detect the osseous etiology of lower back pain. Here we report a 70-year-old man with lower back pain who was referred a 99mTc-MDP bone scan to identify possible vertebral compression fracture. The images did not detect any osseous lesion. However, the images revealed photopenic regions in the both kidneys, which were confirmed as renal cysts on the CT images. The patient received laparoscopic unroofing of renal cysts, and his symptoms improved. Our case illustrated that back pain is not always due to osseous etiology, it might be caused by urinary disorder.
Assessment of Outcomes of a Metatarsal Bone Ostectomy for Chronic Plantar Ulcers
Authors: Chiu Wen-Kuan , Yang Ten-Fang , Wang Hsian-Jenn , Chen Chiehfeng 
Published: December 2019

Background
Clinical management of chronic plantar ulcers is a difficult issue in medical practice. Pressure overloading is a problem that needs to be resolved. Herein, we report a surgical method to reduce plantar pressure: a dorsal approach to a metatarsal ostectomy.

Methods
From March 2011 to October 2016, 16 patients suffering from chronic plantar ulcers underwent ostectomy procedures at Taipei Wan-Fang Municipal Hospital (Taipei Medical University). A bone segment about 0.5 to 1 cm long was removed via a dorsal foot approach. The plantar wound was treated with debridement only or was simultaneously covered with a skin graft. In total, 16 patients with an average age of 57.81 (SD, 11.6) years (12 males and 4 females) were included; 15 patients (93.75%) had a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes for a mean of 20.66 years (range, 5–30 years). The mean glycated hemoglobin was 9.14 g/dL (range, 5.2–13.2 g/dL). The mean plantar wound size was 5.72 cm2. Four patients (25%) needed to receive a skin graft with a mean skin graft size of 8.13 cm2.

Results
The mean follow-up time was 15.2 months. The plantar wounds completely healed in 14 patients (87.5%) in an average of 2.14 months. No plantar ulcer was complicated with recurrence, but transfer ulcers developed in 2 patients (12.5%) at an average of 7.5 months postoperatively.

Conclusions
Metatarsal ostectomy surgery via a dorsal foot approach is an efficient way to reduce pressure overloading of chronic plantar wounds. Our study provides an alternative method to treat this difficult problem with a high wound healing rate and less recurrence.
Salivary Gland Tumors
Authors: Liao Wen-Chieh , Chih-Chao Chuang , Ma Hsu , Hsu Chih-Yi 
Published: December 2019

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of salivary gland tumors (SGTs) in a Taiwanese population and to provide data for comparison with other studies in various locations and racial populations.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 559 patients with tumors of the salivary glands who were surgically treated from 2002 to 2017 at a single institution.

Results
There were 430 benign and 129 malignant tumors with a mean age of 53.5 years (range, 1–91 years). The mean age of patients with benign SGTs was 52.6 years, and the mean age of patients with malignant SGTs was 55.8 years. Most findings were similar to those reported in literature, with some variations. The salivary tumors slightly predominated in males. There were no differences in age and incidence of benign or malignant major SGTs between males and females. The frequency was 76.9% for benign tumors (430 patients) and 23.1% for malignant tumors (129 patients). The majority of the tumors occurred in the parotid gland (351 cases), followed by the submandibular gland (152 cases), the minor salivary glands (46 cases), and, lastly, the sublingual gland (10 cases). Minor SGTs occurred most frequently on the palate, with pleomorphic adenoma, the most frequent benign tumor type, and adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, the commonest malignant tumor types. Tumors of the sublingual gland were rare, but 80% were malignant.

Conclusions
In our series, SGTs were uncommon neoplasms that typically arose in the parotid gland. Benign tumors were far more common than malignant tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumors. Adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma constituted the most common malignancies. Almost 60% of the tumors arising from minor salivary glands were malignant; thus, special care must be taken when these glands are affected.
History and Evolution of Orthognathic Surgery at Chang Gung Craniofacial Center
Authors: Chou Pang-Yun , Denadai Rafael , Yao Chuan-Fong , Chen Ying-An , Chang Chun-Shin , Lin Clement Cheng-Hui , Liao Yu-Fang , Liou Eric J. W. , Ko Ellen Wen-Ching , Lo Lun-Jou , Huang Chiung-Shing , Chen Yu-Ray 
Published: December 2019

Background
Modern orthognathic surgery (OGS) was established on the basis of contributions from multidisciplinary centers worldwide. This study reports the history and evolution of OGS at the Chang Gung Craniofacial Center (CGCC) and identifies the lessons learned from 35 years of experience.

Methods
The total number of OGS procedures managed by the CGCC multidisciplinary team between 1981 and 2016 was determined. The database of the senior author (Y.-R.C.) was reviewed for consecutive OGS procedures performed between 2003 and 2016. A literature review was also performed to retrieve the contributions from the total CGCC team.

Results
The 35 years of experience at a single center and 13-year experience of a single surgeon corresponded to 8073 and 2883 OGS procedures, respectively. Moreover, 53 peer-reviewed articles were reviewed. Teamwork (plastic surgeons, orthodontists, and anesthetists) ensured an optimal balance between occlusion functional and facial aesthetic outcomes, with patient safety ensured and a minimum of OGS-related complications. Progression from the conventional orthodontics-first approach to the surgery-first OGS approach decreased the overall treatment time. Transition from 1-jaw to 2-jaw surgery enabled more consistent aesthetic outcomes to be achieved. Conversion from the 2-splint to the single-splint technique enabled development of a more precise tridimensional simulation plan and surgical execution, including in challenging scenarios such as malocclusion associated with facial asymmetry. Clockwise pitch rotation of the maxillomandibular complex has been designed for facial aesthetic purposes in class III malocclusion, whereas counterclockwise pitch rotation of the maxillomandibular complex improves airway function in those with sleep apnea.

Conclusions
The lessons learned from experience and outcome-based articles reveal that OGS has successfully evolved at the CGCC, with a balance being achieved between functional and aesthetic outcomes and effective decreases in the burden of care (ie, morbidity, complications, and treatment time).
Cep57 and Cep57l1 cooperate to recruit the Cep63-Cep152 complex for centriole biogenesis
Authors: Zhao Huijie , Yang Sen , Duan Xiaomeng , Chen Qingxia , Li Guoqing , Huang Qiongping , Zhu Xueliang , Yan Xiumin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCep152 and Cep63 act as the cradle and recruit Plk4 to initiate the centriole biogenesis in a mother centriole dependent manner. However, how the Cep152-Cep63 complex is targeted to the proximal end of mother centrioles is unclear. In this study, we show that Cep57 and its paralog, Cep57l1, colocalize with Cep63 and Cep152 at the proximal end of mother centrioles in both cycling cells and differentiated multiciliated cells. Both Cep57 and Cep57l1 associate with the Cep152-Cep63 complex by directly binding to the centrosomal targeting region of Cep63. Co-depletion of Cep57 and Cep57l1 blocks the loading of Cep63-Cep152 to the centriole and subsequently prevents centriole duplication. We propose that Cep57 and Cep57l1 act together to ensure the recruitment of the Cep63-Cep152 complex to the mother centrioles for procentriole formation.Summary statementCep57 and its paralog, Cep57l1, cooperatively act as a molecular scaffold to recruit the Cep63-Cep152 cradle to the proximal end of centrioles in the early stages of centriole duplication.
Subcellular localization of glypican-5 associates with dynamic cell motility and cell communication of the human mesenchymal stem cell line U3DT
Authors: Takeuchi Masao , Takeuchi Kikuko , Monobe Yoko , Takai Tomoyo , Yamaguchi Ritsuko , Takeuchi Jun K. , Akagi Ken-ichi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGlypican-5 (GPC5) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) localized to the plasma membrane. We previously reported that in the human mesenchymal stem cell line UE6E7T3, GPC5 is overexpressed in association with transformation and promotes cell proliferation by acting as a co-receptor for Sonic hedgehog signaling. In this study, we found using an immunofluorescence microscopy that in transformed cells (U3DT), GPC5 localized not only at primary cilia on the cell surface, but also at the leading edge of migrating cells, at the intercellular bridge and blebs during cytokinesis, and in extracellular vesicles. In each subcellular region, GPC5 colocalized with the small GTPase Rab11. These observations suggest that the colocalization of GPC5 with Rab11 is crucial for its function, and that its activity in each subcellular compartment promotes proliferation of U3DT cells. Our findings indicate that GPC5 plays active and essential roles in regulation of U3DT cell proliferation, and provides several insights into the functions of GPC5 that could be elucidated by future studies.
Reward modulates behaviour and neural responses in motor cortex during action observation
Authors: Cretu Andreea Loredana , Lehner Rea , Polania Rafael , Wenderoth Nicole 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies demonstrated that observing the actions of other individuals leads to action-specific facilitation of primary motor cortex (M1) (i.e., “motor resonance”). Motor resonance is modulated by contextual information accompanying others’ actions, however, it is currently unknown whether action value influences behavioural and physiological outcomes during action observation in humans. Here we tested whether response times (RT) and muscle-specific changes of M1 excitability are modulated by the value an observer assigns to the action executed by another agent and whether this effect can be distinguished from attentional engagement. We show that observing highly-valued actions leads to a significant decrease in RT variability and a significant strengthening of action-specific neural representations in M1. This “sharpening” of behavioural and neural responses was observed over and beyond a control task requiring similar attentional engagement but did not include any rewards. Our finding that reward influences action specific representations in human M1 even if no motor response is required is new, suggesting that reward influences the transformation of action stimuli from the perceptual to the motor domain. We suggest that premotor areas are important for mediating the observed effect, most likely by optimizing grasp-specific PMv-M1 interactions which cause muscular facilitation patterns in M1 to be more distinct for rewarded actions.
Anesthetic agents affect urodynamic parameters and anesthetic depth at doses necessary to facilitate preclinical testing in felines
Authors: Xu Jiajie Jessica , Yousuf Zuha , Ouyang Zhonghua , Kennedy Eric , Lester Patrick A. , Martin Tara , Bruns Tim M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUrodynamic studies, used to understand bladder function, diagnose bladder disease, and develop treatments for dysfunctions, are ideally performed with awake subjects. However, in animal models, especially cats (a common model of spinal cord injury and associated bladder pathology), anesthesia is often required for these procedures and can be a research confounder. This study compared the effects of select agents (dexmedetomidine, alfaxalone, propofol, isoflurane, and α-chloralose) on urodynamic (Δpressure, bladder capacity, bladder compliance, non-voiding contractions, bladder pressure slopes) and anesthetic (change in heart rate [ΔHR], average heart rate [HR], reflexes, induction/recovery times) parameters in repeated cystometrograms across five adult male cats. Δpressure was greatest with propofol, bladder capacity was highest with α-chloralose, non-voiding contractions were greatest with α-chloralose. Propofol and dexmedetomidine had the highest bladder pressure slopes during the initial and final portions of the cystometrograms respectively. Cats progressed to a deeper plane of anesthesia (lower HR, smaller ΔHR, decreased reflexes) under dexmedetomidine, compared to propofol and alfaxalone. Time to induction was shortest with propofol, and time to recovery was shortest with dexmedetomidine. These agent-specific differences in urodynamic and anesthetic parameters in cats will facilitate appropriate study-specific anesthetic choices.
A Deep Learning approach predicts the impact of point mutations in intronic flanking regions on micro-exon splicing definition
Authors: DaSilva Lucas F. , Tahira Ana C. , Mesel Vinicius , Verjovski-Almeida Sergio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile mammalian exons are on average 140-nt-long, thousands of human genes harbor micro-exons (≤ 39 nt). Large numbers of micro-exons have their splicing altered in diseases such as autism and cancer, and yet there is no systematic assessment of the impact of point mutations in intronic flanking-sequences on the splicing of a neighboring micro-exon. Here, we constructed a model using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to predict the impact of point mutations in intronic-flanking-sequences on the splicing of a neighboring micro-exon. The prediction model was based on both the sequence contents and conservation among species of the two 100-nt intronic regions (5’ and 3’) that flank all human micro-exons and a set with the same number of randomly selected long exons. After training our CNN model, the micro-exon splicing event prediction accuracy, using an independent validation dataset, was 0.71 with an area under the ROC curve of 0.76, showing that our model had identified sequence patterns that have been conserved in evolution in the introns that flank micro-exons. Next, we introduced in silico point mutations at each of the 200 nucleotides in the introns that flank a micro-exon and used the trained CNN algorithm to predict splicing for every mutated intronic sequence version. This analysis identified thousands of point mutations in the flanking introns that significantly decreased the power of the CNN model to correctly predict a neighboring micro-exon splicing event, thus pointing to predictive bases in intronic regions important for micro-exon splicing signaling. We found these predictive bases to locate within conserved RNA-binding-motifs for RNA-binding-proteins (RBPs) known to relate to micro-exon splicing. Experimental data of minigene splicing reporter changes upon intron-base point-mutation confirmed the effect predicted by the CNN model for some of the micro-exon splicing events. The model can be used for validating novel micro-exons de novo assembled from RNA-seq data, and for an unbiased screening of introns, identifying genomic bases that have high micro-exon-splicing predictive power, possibly revealing critical point mutations that would be related in a yet unknown manner to a given disease.
Factors Affecting Detection Of GMO Traces In Food And Crop Samples
Authors: Hassan Waqar , Jamil Nadia , Siddiqui Shehzaib , Ali Anam , Quadri Owais , Wajeeh Maliha , Khan Aftab Ahmed , Khan Saifullah 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRice is one of the highly consumable and demanded food crops throughout the world. To meet this requirement, genetically modified (GM) crops were introduced, which were met with sturdy and frequently angry opposition by the user. To handle the situation labeling of GM food / crop was advised, thus demand for traceability and detection of unknown modified genes increased.Modified genes are detected by various methods; these methods are affected by several factors as reported in international standards. Those factors include presence / absence of shells, husk, and dust, method of DNA extraction and different PCR primers. These factors ultimately pose hindrance in detection of modified genes.This study was conducted to analyze the effects of the above mentioned factors on detection of GM rice samples. Furthermore two different sets of primers were used with same samples and their impact on the PCR detection was observed.The results showed a significant difference in DNA concentration between the rice samples with husk, without husk and after seed germination. Furthermore, the change of PCR primer set also affected the detection of genetic modifications. This allows analysis of the potential factors that may have impact on the final results.
Discovery of a Selective, State-Independent Inhibitor of NaV1.7 by Modification of Guanidinium Toxins
Authors: Pajouhesh H , Beckley JT , Delwig A , Hajare HS , Luu G , Monteleone D , Zhou X , Ligutti J , Amagasu S , Moyer BD , Yeomans D , Du Bois J , Mulcahy JV 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe voltage-gated sodium channel isoform NaV1.7 is highly expressed in small diameter dorsal root ganglion neurons and is obligatory for nociceptive signal transmission. Genetic gain-of-function and loss-of-function NaV1.7 mutations have been identified in select individuals, and are associated with episodic extreme pain disorders and insensitivity to pain, respectively. These findings implicate NaV1.7 as a key pharmacotherapeutic target for the treatment of pain. While several small molecules targeting NaV1.7 have been advanced to clinical development, no NaV1.7-selective compound has shown convincing efficacy in clinical pain applications. Here we describe the discovery and characterization of ST-2262, a NaV1.7 inhibitor that blocks the extracellular vestibule of the channel with an IC50 of 72 nM and greater than 200-fold selectivity over off-target sodium channel isoforms, NaV1.1–1.6 and NaV1.8. In contrast to other NaV1.7 inhibitors that preferentially inhibit the inactivated state of the channel, ST-2262 is equipotent against resting and inactivated protein conformers. In a non-human primate model, animals treated with ST-2262 exhibit markedly reduced sensitivity to noxious heat. These findings establish the extracellular vestibule of the sodium channel as a viable receptor site for selective ligand design and provide insight into the pharmacology of state-independent inhibition of NaV1.7.Significance StatementPain is among the most common reasons for seeking medical care, yet many frequently prescribed drugs, particularly the opioids, cause problematic side effects and carry a risk of addiction. Voltage-gated sodium ion channels (NaVs) have emerged as promising targets for the development of non-opioid pain medicines. NaVs are involved in the propagation of electrical signals along neurons throughout the body. Humans born without a functional copy of one sodium channel subtype, NaV1.7, are unable to experience most types of pain. In the present work, we disclose the discovery and characterization of a selective inhibitor of NaV1.7 that reduces sensitivity to a painful thermal stimulus in non-human primates. Findings from this work may help guide the development of novel, non-addictive drug candidates as alternatives to opioids.
Acid sensing ion channel 1a is a key mediator of cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Redd Meredith A. , Scheuer Sarah E. , Saez Natalie J. , Gao Ling , Hicks Mark , Villanueva Jeanette E. , Reichelt Melissa E. , Peart Jason N. , See Hoe Louise E. , Chiu Han S. , Chen Xiaoli , Sun Yuliangzi , Suen Jacky Y. , Hatch Robert J , Rollo Ben , Alzubaidi Mubarak A.H. , Maljevic Snezana , Quaife-Ryan Greg A. , Thomas Walter G. , Hudson James E. , Porrello Enzo R. , Cuellar-Partida Gabriel , Fraser John F. , Petrou Steven , King Glenn F. , Macdonald Peter S. , Palpant Nathan J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe proton-gated acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is implicated in the injury response to cerebral ischemia but little is known about its role in cardiac ischemia. We provide genetic evidence that ASIC1a is involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and show that pharmacological inhibition of ASIC1a yields robust cardioprotection in rodent and human models of cardiac ischemia, resulting in improved post-IRI cardiac viability and function. Consistent with a key role for ASIC1a in cardiac ischemia, we show that polymorphisms in the ASIC1 genetic locus are strongly associated with myocardial infarction. Collectively, our data provide compelling evidence that ASIC1a is a key target for cardioprotective drugs to reduce the burden of disease associated with myocardial ischemia.
Analytical solution of linearized equations of the Morris-Lecar neuron model at large constant stimulation
Authors: Paraskevov A.V. , Zemskova T.S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe classical biophysical Morris-Lecar model of neuronal excitability predicts that upon stimulation of the neuron with a sufficiently large constant depolarizing current there exists a finite interval of the current values where periodic spike generation occurs. Above the upper boundary of this interval, there is four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary dynamic state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant asymptotic value of the neuron potential. We have shown that in the vicinity of the asymptote the Morris-Lecar equations can be reduced to the standard equation for exponentially damped harmonic oscillations. Importantly, all coefficients of this equation can be explicitly expressed through parameters of the original Morris-Lecar model, enabling direct comparison of the numerical and analytical solutions for the neuron potential dynamics at later stages of the spike amplitude damping.