bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroacupuncture intervention of visceral hypersensitivity is involved in PAR-2-activation and CGRP-release in the spinal cord
Authors: Shah Manoj K. , Ding Yi , Wan Juan , Janyaro Habibullah , Tahir Adnan Hassan , Vodyanoy Vitaly , Ding Ming-Xing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElectroacupuncture (EA) relieves visceral hypersensitivity (VH) with underlying inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the mechanism by which EA treats ileitis-induced VH is not clearly known. To assess the effects of EA on ileitis-induced VH and confirm whether EA attenuates VH through spinal PAR-2 activation and CGRP release, goats received an injection of 2,4,6-trinitro-benzenesulfonic-acid (TNBS) solution into the ileal wall. TNBS-injected goats were allocated into VH, Sham acupuncture (Sham-A) and EA groups, while goats treated with saline instead of TNBS solution were used as the control. Goats in EA group received EA at bilateral Hou-San-Li acupoints for 0.5 h at 7 days and thereafter repeated every 3 days for 6 times. Goats in the Sham-A group were inserted with needles for 0.5 h at the aforementioned acupoints without any hand manipulation and electric stimulation. Visceromotor responses to colorectal distension, an indicator of VH, were recorded by electromyography. The terminal ileum and thoracic spinal cord (T11) were sampled for evaluating ileitis at days 7 and 22, and distribution and expression-levels of PAR-2, CGRP and c-Fos on day 22. TNBS-treated-goats exhibited apparent transmural-ileitis on day 7, microscopically low-grade ileitis on day 22 and VH at days 7–22. Goats of Sham-A, VH or EA group showed higher (P < 0.01) VH at days 7–22 than the Control-goats. EA-treated goats exhibited lower (P < 0.01) VH as compared with Sham-A or VH group. Immunoreactive-cells and expression-levels of spinal PAR-2, CGRP and c-Fos in the EA group were greater (P < 0.01) than those in the Control group, but less (P < 0.01) than those in Sham-A and VH groups on day 22. Downregulation of spinal PAR-2 and CGRP levels by EA attenuates the ileitis and resultant VH.
A physics-based energy function allows the computational redesign of a PDZ domain
Authors: Opuu Vaitea , Sun Young Joo , Hou Titus , Panel Nicolas , Fuentes Ernesto J. , Simonson Thomas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractComputational protein design (CPD) can address the inverse folding problem, exploring a large space of sequences and selecting ones predicted to fold. CPD was used previously to redesign several proteins, employing a knowledge-based energy function for both the folded and unfolded states. We show that a PDZ domain can be entirely redesigned using a “physics-based” energy for the folded state and a knowledge-based energy for the unfolded state. Thousands of sequences were generated by Monte Carlo simulation. Three were chosen for experimental testing, based on their low energies and several empirical criteria. All three could be overexpressed and had native-like circular dichroism spectra and 1D-NMR spectra typical of folded structures. Two had upshifted thermal denaturation curves when a peptide ligand was present, indicating binding and suggesting folding to a correct, PDZ structure. Evidently, the physical principles that govern folded proteins, with a dash of empirical post-filtering, can allow successful whole-protein redesign.
Impairment of intermediate somatosensory function in corticobasal syndrome
Authors: Matsuda Kana , Satoh Masayuki , Tabei Ken-ichi , Ueda Yukito , Taniguchi Akira , Matsuura Keita , Asahi Masaru , Ii Yuichiro , Niwa Atsushi , Tomimoto Hidekazu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCorticobasal syndrome (CBS) is characterized by unilateral atrophy of the brain. New diagnostic criteria for CBS include intermediate somatosensory dysfunction. Here, we aimed to carefully examine intermediate somatosensory function to identify tests which can assess impairment in CBS patients. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), we also aimed to show the anatomical bases of these impairments. Subjects included 14 patients diagnosed with CBS and 14 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients were evaluated using intermediate somatosensory tests and neuropsychological assessments. VBM was used to analyze differences in gray matter volumes between CBS and PD patients. In the PD group, no tests showed a significant difference between the dominant-side onset and the non-dominant-side onset. In the CBS group, all tests showed worse scores on the affected side. For detecting intermediate somatosensory dysfunction in CBS, two tests are recommended: tactile object naming and 2-point discrimination. VBM analysis showed that the volume of the left post- and pre-central gyrus, and both sides of the supplementary motor area were significantly decreased in the CBS group compared to the PD group. Although CBS remains untreatable, early and correct diagnosis is possible by performing close examination of intermediate somatosensory function.
Aberration retrieval by incorporating customized priors for estimating Zernike coefficients
Authors: Wang Bin , Wang Xiaofei , An Qichang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractZernike expansion is an important tool for aberration retrieval in the optical field. The Zernike coefficients in the expansion can be solved in a linear system from those focal region intensity images, which can be modeled by the extended Nijboer–Zernike approach. Here we point out that those coefficients usually follow from different prior distributions, and especially, their variances could be dramatically diverse. To incorporate the prior information, we further introduce customized penalties to those Zernike coefficients and adopt a global adaptive generative adjustment algorithm for estimating coefficients. Based on both simulated and real data, numerical experiments show that our method outperforms other conventional methods, and provides an estimate of Zernike coefficients with a low mean square error.
Prostaglandin E2 breaks down pericyte–endothelial cell interaction via EP1 and EP4-dependent downregulation of pericyte N-cadherin, connexin-43, and R-Ras
Authors: Perrot Carole Y. , Herrera Jose L. , Fournier-Goss Ashley E. , Komatsu Masanobu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA close association between pericytes and endothelial cells (ECs) is crucial to the stability and function of capillary blood vessels and microvessels. The loss or dysfunction of pericytes results in significant disruption of these blood vessels as observed in pathological conditions, including cancer, diabetes, stroke, and Alzheimer’s disease. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a lipid mediator of inflammation, and its tissue concentration is elevated in cancer and neurological disorders. Here, we show that the exposure to PGE2 switches pericytes to a fast-migrating, loosely adhered phenotype that fails to intimately interact with ECs. N-cadherin and connexin-43 in adherens junction and gap junction between pericytes and ECs are downregulated by EP-4 and EP-1-dependent mechanisms, leading to breakdown of the pericyte–EC interaction. Furthermore, R-Ras, a small GTPase important for vascular normalization and vessel stability, is transcriptionally repressed by PGE2 in an EP4-dependent manner. Mouse dermal capillary vessels lose pericyte coverage substantially upon PGE2 injection into the skin. Our results suggest that EP-mediated direct disruption of pericytes by PGE2 is a key process for vascular destabilization. Restoring pericyte–EC interaction using inhibitors of PGE2 signaling may offer a therapeutic strategy in cancer and neurological disorders, in which pericyte dysfunction contributes to the disease progression.
A new role for anandamide: defective link between the systemic and skin endocannabinoid systems in hypertrophic human wound healing
Authors: Correia-Sá Inês B. , Carvalho Cláudia M. , Serrão Paula V. , Loureiro Ana I. , Fernandes-Lopes Carlos , Marques Marisa , Vieira-Coelho Maria A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe use of cannabinoids to treat fibrotic skin diseases is an emergent issue. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate systemic and skin endocannabinoid responses in the wound-healing process in humans. A prospective study was performed in 50 patients who underwent body-contouring surgery. Anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and oleoylethanolamide (OEA) were quantified using LC–MS/MS. Ten (20%) patients developed hypertrophic (HT) scars. No significant changes were observed between the normal (N) scar and HT scar groups in terms of plasma and skin endocannabinoids. Nevertheless, a positive correlation between plasma and skin AEA concentrations was found in the N group (r = 0.38, p = 0.015), which was absent in the HT group. Moreover, the AEA concentration was significantly lower in HT scar tissue than in normal scar tissue (0.77 ± 0.12 ng/g vs 1.15 ± 0.15 ng/g, p < 0.001). Interestingly, in all patients, the surgical intervention produced a time-dependent effect with a U shape for AEA, PEA and OEA plasma concentrations. In contrast, 2-AG plasma concentrations increased 5 days after surgery and were reduced and stabilized 3 months later. These results suggest crosstalk between systemic and local skin endocannabinoid systems during human wound healing. AEA appears to be the most likely candidate for this link, which is deficient in patients with HT scars.
Autoantibodies from SLE patients induce programmed cell death in murine fibroblast cells through interaction with TNFR1 receptor
Authors: Sharapova Tatiana N. , Romanova Elena A. , Soshnikova Natalia V. , Belogurov Alexey A. , Lomakin Yakov A. , Sashchenko Lidia P. , Yashin Denis V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVarious pathological processes are known to be associated with the production of IgG autoantibodies, which have high affinity for self-antigens and often cause tissue injury and the development of autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanism of their cytotoxic activity is not clearly understood yet. Here, we have shown that the action of these autoantibodies on cells expressing TNFR1 (the cell surface receptor for TNFα) can cause both caspase-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis of these cells, with suppression of apoptosis resulting in switching to RIP1-dependent necroptosis. Analysis of necroptotic mechanisms has shown that a critical point of necroptosis is phosphorylation of RIP1 and RIP3 kinases, which is followed by the involvement of lysosomes and mitochondria in this process. The induction of cytotoxicity is initiated by the interaction of autoantibodies with TNFR1, and autoantibodies can therefore be regarded as a new functional ligand for this receptor. The innate immunity protein Tag7 (PGLYRP1) described in our recent studies is also a ligand for TNFR1 and competes with autoantibodies for binding with it. Supposedly, the cytotoxic effect of autoantibodies is one of the factors responsible for autoimmune diseases that lead to tissue injury.
Preparation and modeling of three‐layered PCL/PLGA/PCL fibrous scaffolds for prolonged drug release
Authors: Milosevic Miljan , Stojanovic Dusica B. , Simic Vladimir , Grkovic Mirjana , Bjelovic Milos , Uskokovic Petar S. , Kojic Milos 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe authors present the preparation procedure and a computational model of a three‐layered fibrous scaffold for prolonged drug release. The scaffold, produced by emulsion/sequential electrospinning, consists of a poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) fiber layer sandwiched between two poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) layers. Experimental results of drug release rates from the scaffold are compared with the results of the recently introduced computational finite element (FE) models for diffusive drug release from nanofibers to the three-dimensional (3D) surrounding medium. Two different FE models are used: (1) a 3D discretized continuum and fibers represented by a simple radial one-dimensional (1D) finite elements, and (2) a 3D continuum discretized by composite smeared finite elements (CSFEs) containing the fiber smeared and surrounding domains. Both models include the effects of polymer degradation and hydrophobicity (as partitioning) of the drug at the fiber/surrounding interface. The CSFE model includes a volumetric fraction of fibers and diameter distribution, and is additionally enhanced by using correction function to improve the accuracy of the model. The computational results are validated on Rhodamine B (fluorescent drug l) and other hydrophilic drugs. Agreement with experimental results proves that numerical models can serve as efficient tools for drug release to the surrounding porous medium or biological tissue. It is demonstrated that the introduced three-layered scaffold delays the drug release process and can be used for the time-controlled release of drugs in postoperative therapy.
Assessment of the effects of sugammadex on coagulation profiles using thromboelastographic parameters
Authors: Kang Woon-Seok , Lim Hoyoung , Kim Byung-Soo , Lee Yeaji , Hahm Kyung-Don , Kim Seong-Hyop 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of sugammadex at conventional doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg on the coagulation profile by analyzing thromboelastographic parameters and performing a traditional laboratory coagulation analysis. A total of 100 patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into the 2 mg and 4 mg groups. The laboratory coagulation test and thromboelastographic analysis were performed before and 15 min after administering sugammadex. Prothrombin time (PT) was significantly prolonged after sugammadex administration than before it in intragroup comparisons of the 2 mg group (12.8 ± 0.6 s vs. 13.6 ± 0.7 s, p < 0.001) and the 4 mg group (13.0 ± 0.5 s vs. 13.7 ± 0.5 s, p < 0.001). R time, derived from thromboelastography, was also significantly prolonged after sugammadex administration (4.7 ± 1.8 min vs. 5.8 ± 2.1 min, p = 0.005). In conclusion, the conventional doses of 2 or 4 mg/kg sugammadex prolonged PT. Sugammadex 4 mg/kg also prolonged R time, although the value was within the normal range. Therefore, physicians should be cautious with the higher sugammadex dose, particularly in patients with a high risk of bleeding because the higher dose was associated with less coagulation.Trial registration: KCT0002133 (https://cris.nih.go.kr).
DNMT3b-mediated methylation of ZSWIM3 enhances inflammation in alcohol-induced liver injury via regulating TRAF2-mediated NF-κB pathway
Authors: Li Hai-Di , Chen Xin , Xu Jie-Jie , Du Xiao-Sa , Yang Yang , Li Juan-Juan , Yang Xiao-Juan , Huang Hui-Min , Li Xiao-Feng , Wu Ming-Fei , Zhang Chong , Zhang Chao , Li Zeng , Wang Hua , Meng Xiao-Ming , Huang Cheng , Li Jun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The regulation of macrophages during inflammatory responses is a crucial process in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and aberrant macrophage DNA methylation is associated with inflammation. Our preliminary screening results of macrophage methylation in the present study demonstrated the zinc finger SWI2/SNF2 and MuDR (SWIM)-domain containing 3 (ZSWIM3) were hypermethylated in the 5′ untranslated region (5′-UTR) region. ZSWIM3, a novel zinc finger-chelate domain of SWIM, is predicted to function in DNA-binding and protein-binding interactions. Its expression was found to be consistently decreased in macrophages isolated from livers of ethyl alcohol (EtOH)-fed mice and in EtOH+lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Over-expression of ZSWIM3 was found to attenuate chronic+binge ethanol feeding-induced liver injury and inhibit inflammatory responses in vivo. Enforced expression of ZSWIM3 in vitro was also found to have anti-inflammatory effects. Aberrant expression of ZSWIM3 in alcohol-induced liver injury (ALI) was found to be associated with hypermethylation. Analysis of CpG prediction indicated the presence of two methylated sites in the ZSWIM3 promoter region and methylation inhibitor and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs)-siRNA transfection were found to restore down-regulated ZSWIM3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and molecular docking affirmed the role of DNMT 3b (DNMT3b) as a principal regulator of ZSWIM3 expression. Mechanistically, ZSWIM3 might affect inflammation by binding with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), which further mediates the activation of the nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) pathway. The present study, therefore, provides detailed insights into the possible structure and function of ZSWIM3 and thus, contributes new substantial research in the elucidation of the pathogenesis of ALI.
The Relation Between Vocabulary Knowledge and Phonological Awareness in Children With Cochlear Implants
Authors: Lund Emily 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between lexical knowledge and phonological awareness performance of children with cochlear implants.

Method
Thirty children with cochlear implants (aged 5–7 years), 30 children with normal hearing matched for age, and 30 children with normal hearing matched for vocabulary size participated in the study. Children completed a vocabulary knowledge measure and three phonological awareness tasks with words that had high and low neighborhood density.

Results
Children with cochlear implants performed more poorly than their age-matched peers and similarly to their vocabulary-matched peers on phonological awareness tasks. When performance was analyzed according to the neighborhood density of the target word, children with cochlear implants and age-matched children performed better with high-density words. Across all groups, vocabulary size correlated significantly with phonological awareness performance.

Conclusion
Children with cochlear implants demonstrate delays in both vocabulary knowledge and phonological awareness performance, but children with cochlear implants appear to take advantage of lexical information similarly to their age-matched peers.
Characterization of Trace Gases and Green House Gas in Megacity New Delhi
Authors: Choudhary Arti , Kumar Pradeep , Shukla Anuradha , Singh Siddhartha , Singh Abhay Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Air pollution and climate change is serious environmental concern due to its visible negative impact on human health. Around 14 Indian cities are placed among top 20 most polluted cities of the world. Trace gas like O3, NOx, CO and CO2 are important pollutants which is associated with human health, climate change and adverse effect on growth and yield of crops. Stratospheric O3 absorbs ultraviolet light and prevents it from reaching to the ground. Greenhouse effect of O3 and CO2 is prominent, O3 in upper troposphere and ranked 3rd for its radiative potential after the carbon dioxide and methane. The amount of O3 generated by photochemical reaction of air pollutants is much larger than the inflow from the stratosphere. This is indicating that trace gases and GHG are generated by anthropogenic activities. It is significantly high in urban area like megacity Delhi as compared to rural area due to excessive anthropogenic activity.
The ground level measurements of surface trace gas like O3, NOx, CO and CO2 were conducted in Delhi-Mathura road near traffic intersection for year 2017, January to December. The daily mean concentration of O3, NOx, CO and CO2 were 23.11±17.26ppb (range 58.38 to 6.42ppb), 26.41±4.24ppb (ranges 48.14 to 24.09ppb), 1.56±4.24ppm (ranges 6.6 to 0.69ppm) and 342.54±33.49 (ranges 508.23 to 323.33ppm), respectively. The mixing ratios of O3 were highest of 32ppbv and lowest 17ppbv during the pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, respectively. While the mixing ratios of both CO and NOx showed highest and lowest values during the winter and monsoon seasons, respectively.
The analysis concluded seasonality of O3, CO and NOx were also governed by the long-range transport, mainly with the summer and winter monsoon circulations over the Indian subcontinent. The mixing ratios of CO and NOx show strong correlations during winter and pre-monsoon seasons, while poor correlation in the monsoon season. The mixing ratios of CO and NOx decreased with the increase in wind speed, while O3 tended to increase with the wind speed.
Aerosol - Cloud Target Classification in HALO Lidar/Radar Collocated Measurements
Authors: Marinou Eleni , Ewald Florian , Gross Silke , Wirth Martin , Schaefler Andreas , Cazenave Quitterie , Delanoë Julien 
Published: July 2020

Particle attenuated backscatter and depolarization ratio at 532 nm from the WALES (Water Vapor Lidar Experiment in Space) instrument are used in combination with the radar reflectivity from the 35 GHz MIRA35 cloud radar in order to perform an aerosol-cloud target classification on the lidar/radar collocated observations carried out with the High Altitude and LOng-range research aircraft (HALO), in high temporal and spatial resolution.
The methodology is applied to the measurements conducted during the North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment (NAWDEX) in fall 2016. Here, we present one case study to show the feasibility and information context of the aerosol-cloud discrimination, which can serve as a good complement to the Cloud target categorization applied already in the measurements. Our results demonstrate that the developed mask is capable to identify complex stratifications with different aerosol and cloud types and even aerosol layers of low signal.
Ängste im Umgang mit suizidalen Patient/innen: Eine
vergleichende Untersuchung von approbierten Psychotherapeut/innen und
Psychotherapeut/innen in Ausbildung
Authors: Conrad Katharina , Teismann Tobias , Rath Dajana , Forkmann Thomas 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Theoretischer Hintergrund Ein Patient/innensuizid stellt die
am häufigsten genannte, berufsbezogene Befürchtung von
Psychotherapeut/innen dar. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung sollen
Ängste im Umgang mit suizidalen Patient/innen spezifiziert
werden – sowohl bei approbierten Psychotherapeut/innen (aPT)
als auch bei Psychotherapeut/innen in Ausbildung (PiA). Die
Ergebnisse sollen zudem mit einer analogen Erhebung von 1996 verglichen
werden.
Methode N=271 Psycholog/innen, davon n=90 aPT
und n=181 PiA, nahmen an einer Onlinebefragung teil. Erfasst wurden
Ängste im Umgang und berufliche Erfahrungen mit suizidalen
Patienten/innen anhand des Fragebogens zur Erfassung von
Therapeutenängsten von Dorrmann (2016). Zudem wurde mithilfe eines
selbstkonstruierten Tests suizidbezogenes Wissen erfragt. Folgende
Hypothesen wurden überprüft: (1) aPT haben weniger
Ängste im Umgang mit suizidalen Patienten/innen als PiA, (2)
PiA und aPT unterscheiden sich im Hinblick auf ihr Wissen und ihre Erfahrung
zum Thema Suizidalität, (3) die Ergebnisse der aktuellen Befragung
ergeben weniger Ängste bei Psychotherapeut/innen als die
Ergebnisse einer vergangenen Befragung von Dorrmann (1996).
Schließlich wurde folgende explorative Fragestellung untersucht: Hat
der Status (aPT vs. PiA) Auswirkungen auf die Ängste vermittelt
über die Erfahrung sowie das Wissen?
Ergebnisse Die folgenden Ängste werden von
Therapeut/innen am häufigsten berichtet: Angst vor
Schuldgefühlen/Selbstvorwürfen nach einem
Suizidversuch/Suizid, Angst vor Fehleinschätzungen und den
damit verbundenen Konsequenzen, Angst vor juristischen Konsequenzen nach
einem Suizidversuch/Suizid, Angst vor Vorwürfen durch Andere
(Angehörige des Patient/innen/Kolleg/innen)
nach einem Suizidversuch/Suizid. PiA berichten stärkere
Ängste im Umgang mit suizidalen Patient/innen als aPT. Die
berufliche Erfahrung mediiert den Zusammenhang zwischen beruflichem Status
und Ängsten. Im Vergleich berichten Therapeut/innen heute
von weniger Ängsten als vor 20 Jahren.
Schlussfolgerung Therapeut/innen fürchten sich
v. a. vor den Folgen eines Suizidversuchs/Suizids. Insgesamt
sind Ängste jedoch nur in moderater Form vorhanden und scheinen
heute geringer ausgeprägt zu sein als vor 20 Jahren. Es
lässt sich mutmaßen, dass eine zunehmende
Professionalisierung des therapeutischen Umgangs mit suizidalen Patienten zu
einer Reduktion von Therapeutenängsten beigetragen hat.