bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid pseudopapillary tumour should be part of differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions with increased 18F‐FDOPA uptake
Authors: Somme François , Montaz‐Rosset Marie‐Soline , Averous Gerlinde , Deur Jeanne , Goichot Bernard , Bachellier Philippe , Addeo Pietro , Imperiale Alessio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the specificity of increased 18F‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (18F‐FDOPA) uptake in patients who underwent PET/CT for suspicion of isolated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (pNET). False‐positive results mimicking a pNET have been investigated.Material and methodsCarbidopa‐assisted 18F‐FDOPA PET/CT scans performed in patients with suspicion of localized pNET were retrieved. Only patients with a definitive diagnosis were retrospectively included. When available, the histopathological result after pancreatic surgery was the gold standard. In other cases, the diagnosis was based on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)/cytology and/or on concordant imaging results of at least two of the following: contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CE‐CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS).ResultsForty‐four among 731 patients were selected. Among these, 36 patients (82%) were surgically treated, revealing pNET (n = 28), solid pseudopapillary tumour (SPT) (n = 4), adenocarcinoma (n = 2), serous cystadenomas (n = 1) and solitary fibrous tumour (n = 1) cases. An additional three cases of pNET were diagnosed by EUS/cytology. In the remaining five patients, a consensus was reached on follow‐up imaging results: pNET (n = 1), serous cystadenoma (n = 2) and undetermined/no pNET (n = 2). Both specificity and negative predictive value of 18F‐FDOPA PET/CT for localized pNET were 67%. Surprisingly, all four false‐positive results were SPTs showing intense 18F‐FDOPA uptake and negative SRS. There was no significant difference in 18F‐FDOPA uptake intensity between PET‐positive pNETs and SPTs.Conclusion18F‐FDOPA PET/CT is not specific for pNET in patients with localized pancreatic lesions. SPT could mimic pNET and should be part of differential diagnosis in such a clinical situation. If these results are confirmed in a broader population, the imaging pattern 18F‐FDOPA PET‐positive/SRS‐negative lesions might be considered as the imaging phenotype of SPT.
Food values and heterogeneous consumer responses to nanotechnology
Authors: Yang Yang , Hobbs Jill E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAgricultural applications of nanotechnology are at a relatively early stage and little is known about consumer responses to the technology. Canadian consumer responses to food nanotechnology are examined through the lens of the Food Value Scale. Data from a survey of Canadian consumers are used to evaluate the relative importance of eleven food values to food purchase decisions. We find that taste, safety, nutrition, and price are among the most important food values to Canadians, however, consumers exhibit considerable heterogeneity with respect to the priority placed on these values. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) explores the effect of food values on choice behavior. The DCE is positioned as a sliced apple product with non‐browning and antioxidant‐enhanced features introduced through the use of nanocoating or a conventional coating method. Random parameters logit (RPL) and latent class models (LCM) confirm the existence of significant preference heterogeneity. The LCM identifies three classes of consumers: “supporters,” “doubters,” and “opponents” who differ in their reaction to nanotechnology and in the relative importance placed on food values such as naturalness, novelty, and convenience. The analysis shows that food values provide additional insights into consumers’ food choices and their attitudes toward novel food technologies.
Agriculture, transportation, and the COVID‐19 crisis
Authors: Gray Richard S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this short paper, I assess how COVID‐19‐related disruptions in transportation services, as well as new demands for transportation services, could impact Canadian agricultural supply chains. The brief analysis reveals that agricultural access to bulk ocean freight, rail movement, and trucking has generally improved in the pandemic, bolstered by the reduced demand for these transportation services by other sectors of the economy. The intermodal containerized movement of grains and food products has seen some disruption from the lack of empty containers in North America. The widespread consumer adoption of physical distancing measures has vastly increased the demand for retail food pickup and delivery services to the point where these services are being rationed by long wait times. From a policy perspective, there is an apparent need for (a) continued supply chain monitoring and industry engagement, (b) the proactive development of strategies to deal with absenteeism and other potential threats to the supply chain, and (c) an assessment of the economic and health merits of providing additional public resources to provide greater access to grocery pickup and delivery services.
Economic thoughts on the potential implications of COVID‐19 on the Canadian dairy and poultry sectors
Authors: Weersink Alfons , von Massow Mike , McDougall Brendan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe dumping of milk, the offering of hospitality size goods in grocery stores, and the closure of processing facilities are examples of the disruptions caused by the pandemic to the dairy, poultry, and egg sectors. These supply management sectors, however, are more resilient to the impacts of COVID‐19 than other sectors as producers are generally more financially stable, losses are pooled, and production/marketing efforts are coordinated.
The need for a more inclusive science of elephant conservation
Authors: Cassidy Lin , Salerno Jonathan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLargely absent from the current scientific dialog is recognition of which voices should contribute to decisions on the future of Africa's elephants, particularly those living in the Kavango‐Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area. We argue that elephant conservation policy must take into account the voices of the people bearing the cost of living with wildlife, as well as the nations with the responsibility of hosting elephant populations. Southern African elephant conservation is a 'wicked problem', which is best addressed through small wins approaches. Specifically, research on changes in local political and governance dynamics resulting from community conservation programs is needed, to identify new modalities for community level engagement. Additionally, research into policy implications, as well as seasonal resource needs of humans and wildlife, from zoning and corridor development to facilitate landscape level movement is needed. A modular approach to research for ensuring functional social–ecological landscapes within the KAZA context could help sustain both wildlife and communities in the region.
Comparison of tofogliflozin versus glimepiride as the third oral agent added to metformin plus a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, 24‐week, open‐label, controlled trial (STOP‐OB)
Authors: Kitazawa Toru , Seino Hiroaki , Ohashi Hiroshi , Inazawa Takeshi , Inoue Masahiro , Ai Masumi , Fujishiro Midori , Kuroda Hisamoto , Yamada Masayo , Anai Motonobu , Ishihara Hisamitsu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMetformin plus a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor (DPP‐4i) is the most common therapy for Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. This 24‐week, multicentre, open‐label, parallel‐group trial randomized patients on dual therapy to add‐on tofogliflozin (20 mg/day, n = 33) or glimepiride (0.5 mg/day, n = 31). The primary outcome was change in body fat percentage. The secondary outcomes included changes in HbA1c, fat mass, fat‐free mass, liver function variables and uric acid. Tofogliflozin and glimepiride reduced HbA1c to a similar extent. Body fat percentage did not change from baseline in either group. Fat mass was reduced by tofogliflozin but was increased by glimepiride (by −2.0 ± 1.7 kg and +1.6 ± 1.6 kg, P = .002). Fat‐free mass was also reduced by tofogliflozin and increased by glimepiride (by −1.3 ± 1.3 kg and +0.9 ± 2.0 kg, P < .001). Alanine aminotransferase and uric acid levels were reduced by tofogliflozin (P = .006 and P < .001, respectively). These data provide novel information useful for selecting the third oral agent for patients whose diabetes is inadequately controlled with metformin plus DPP‐4i dual therapy.
Hypoglycaemia risk with insulin glargine 300 U/mL compared with glargine 100 U/mL across different baseline fasting C‐peptide levels in insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the EDITION 3 trial
Authors: Bolli Geremia B. , Landgraf Wolfgang , Bosnyak Zsolt , Melas‐Melt Lydie , Home Philip D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe relationship between baseline fasting C‐peptide (FCP) and glucose control was examined in insulin‐naïve people with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with oral antihyperglycaemic drugs commencing basal insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Gla‐300) or 100 U/mL (Gla‐100) in the absence of sulfonylurea/glinides. Participants with FCP measurement from the EDITION 3 trial (n = 867) were stratified according to baseline FCP (≤0.40, >0.40‐1.20, >1.20 nmol/L); 11.0%, 70.9% and 18.1% contributed to each group. Glycaemic control, body weight, insulin dose and hypoglycaemia were determined at 26 weeks. Glycaemic control (HbA1c, FPG) at 26 weeks was similar in each FCP group between insulins. However, end‐of‐study insulin dose was greater with higher FCP for both insulins. More people with lower baseline FCP experienced hypoglycaemia with both insulins, but with numerically lower incidence for Gla‐300 versus Gla‐100 across all FCP groups for all definitions (time periods and levels) of hypoglycaemia. This suggests that Gla‐300 might be particularly advantageous for people who are at higher risk of hypoglycaemia.
†Cormopsocidae: A new family of the suborder Trogiomorpha (Insecta: Psocodea) from Burmese amber
Authors: Yoshizawa Kazunori , Lienhard Charles 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCormopsocidae n. fam. of the psocid suborder Trogiomorpha was proposed for a fossil species from mid‐Cretaceous Burmese amber, Cormopsocus groehni n. gen. & n. sp. This family was estimated to be the sister group of all other trogiomorphan taxa, but the possibility of much deeper divergence (i.e. placement as a sister group of all Psocodea) could not be excluded. Cormopsocus groehni retains many plesiomorphic features, which will contribute greatly to elucidating the ancestral state of Psocodea.
Pregnancy after valproate withdrawal—Fetal malformations and seizure control
Authors: Vajda Frank J. E. , O’Brien Terence J. , Graham Janet E. , Hitchcock Alison A. , Lander Cecilie M. , Eadie Mervyn J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the outcomes in women with epilepsy in relation to fetal malformation and epileptic seizure control during pregnancy when valproate (VPA) intake was ceased, or the drug's dose was reduced before pregnancy.MethodsStatistical analysis of data collected in the Australian Pregnancy Register between 1999 and 2018 concerning 580 pregnancies previously treated with VPA, with the VPA dose reduced or the drug withdrawn prior to pregnancy in 158 cases.ResultsAlthough the available data have limitations, fetal malformation rates in the pregnancies studied were lower in the VPA changed pregnancies (4.5%) than in the VPA unchanged comparator pregnancies (10.9%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.412, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.190‐0.892), and were only 2.7% where VPA intake was ceased before pregnancy (HR 0.262, 95% CI 0.083‐0.826). Seizure‐affected pregnancies were more frequent in the VPA changed pregnancies than in the VPA unchanged ones (46.2% vs 30.8%, HR 1.500, 95% CI 1.203‐1.870). Convulsive seizure‐affected pregnancies also were increased, but the difference was not statistically significant.SignificancePrepregnancy reduction in VPA dosage reduced the hazard of fetal malformations, whereas ceasing intake of the drug decreased the hazard to one similar to that which applies in the general population, but at a cost of decreased control of epileptic seizures during the pregnancies studied. Further investigations are needed to see whether such findings apply more widely in women with epilepsy.
Increased yield and CO2 sequestration potential with the C4 cereal Sorghum bicolor cultivated in basaltic rock dust‐amended agricultural soil
Authors: Kelland Mike E. , Wade Peter W. , Lewis Amy L. , Taylor Lyla L. , Sarkar Binoy , Andrews M. Grace , Lomas Mark R. , Cotton T. E. Anne , Kemp Simon J. , James Rachael H. , Pearce Christopher R. , Hartley Sue E. , Hodson Mark E. , Leake Jonathan R. , Banwart Steven A. , Beerling David J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLand‐based enhanced rock weathering (ERW) is a biogeochemical carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategy aiming to accelerate natural geological processes of carbon sequestration through application of crushed silicate rocks, such as basalt, to croplands and forested landscapes. However, the efficacy of the approach when undertaken with basalt, and its potential co‐benefits for agriculture, require experimental and field evaluation. Here we report that amending a UK clay‐loam agricultural soil with a high loading (10 kg/m2) of relatively coarse‐grained crushed basalt significantly increased the yield (21 ± 9.4%, SE) of the important C4 cereal Sorghum bicolor under controlled environmental conditions, without accumulation of potentially toxic trace elements in the seeds. Yield increases resulted from the basalt treatment after 120 days without P‐ and K‐fertilizer addition. Shoot silicon concentrations also increased significantly (26 ± 5.4%, SE), with potential benefits for crop resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Elemental budgets indicate substantial release of base cations important for inorganic carbon removal and their accumulation mainly in the soil exchangeable pools. Geochemical reactive transport modelling, constrained by elemental budgets, indicated CO2 sequestration rates of 2–4 t CO2/ha, 1–5 years after a single application of basaltic rock dust, including via newly formed soil carbonate minerals whose long‐term fate requires assessment through field trials. This represents an approximately fourfold increase in carbon capture compared to control plant–soil systems without basalt. Our results build support for ERW deployment as a CDR technique compatible with spreading basalt powder on acidic loamy soils common across millions of hectares of western European and North American agriculture.
Information behaviour of the millennial generation: a scoping review of medical residents and their use of social media
Authors: González‐Teruel Aurora , Campos‐Peláez María‐Isabel , Fortea‐Cabo Gerardo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundMedical residents can offer ideas for new information services, as most of them are ‘digital natives’, although reviews of the use of social media in health care settings do not provide data on their information behaviour.ObjectiveA scoping review aimed at providing a research map for the information behaviour of medical residents and their use of social media, listing the aspects of the information behaviour studied and the theories and methods used.MethodsA search was carried out in pubmed, embase, cinahl and lisa in April of 2018, with the results limited to the period from 2010 onwards.ResultsThirty‐nine relevant articles from 38 different studies were identified. The presence and use of social media was the most researched aspect, followed by information sharing, the relationships established and, finally, the search for and use of information. These aspects are researched mainly from the point of view of doctor–patient interactions. Only one study incorporated a theory of its design. Surveys were the most frequently used method.ConclusionResearch does not delve into medical residents’ information behaviour on social media, despite the residents themselves using these media (in the context of everyday life, at least). More research is required.
We Don’t Belong Here: Adolescents of North Korean Refugee Families and Their Suicidal Behaviors
Authors: Choi Sungjoo , Kim Keuntae 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite the increasing number of studies that examine the link between immigration and suicide in Korean youths, most have focused on self‐harming behaviours among adolescents in multicultural families, while much less attention has been directed towards those in North Korean (NK) refugee families. This paper addresses this gap by comparing three determinants of suicidal behaviours across three groups of Korean adolescents. Data are drawn from the KYRBS, a nationally representative sample of students in middle and high schools, and the results indicate that NK youths were 87.2 per cent more likely to have suicidal ideation than their South Korean peers, that they are 3.7 times more likely to experience suicidal plans and 4.1 times more likely to attempt suicide. These results clearly suggest that immigrant youths, including NK refugees, are confronting significant difficulties with assimilation, and those disadvantages lead to a higher propensity of self‐threatening behaviours.
Neurosurgical Post‐Operative Wound Infections: A retrospective study on surgical site infections for quality improvement
Authors: Fiani Brian , Cathel Alessandra , Sarhadi Kasra J. , Cohen Jordan , Siddiqi Javed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite efforts to maintain a meticulous aseptic environment, wound infection is one of the most common complications following surgery and may be related to dehiscence, haemorrhage, infection, and/or poor surgical technique. With the appearance of new wound closure techniques and suture materials, we felt compelled to perform a retrospective study on our institution's neurosurgical population to determine how our institution compared to others in terms of incidence of surgical site infection (SSI). A retrospective analysis was performed at our single institution for all patients that had cranial or spine surgery by a neurosurgeon for the past 15 years. The data were extracted via Crimson Continuum of Care software program and analysed using χ2 and relative risk. The data retrieval software program collected a total of 1184 cranial and spinal surgeries. Of these 1184 cases, 12 resulted in post‐operative wound infections. Using these collected values, we compared the results with published values in the literature. Prior studies have shown that up to 33% of surgical cases have post‐operative infections. Using this reported value in comparison with our data, χ2 testing equals 547.893 with 1 df, P = .0001 (confidence interval = 0.05), which demonstrated statistical significance when compared with surgical literature. The results from this retrospective analysis demonstrated that the rate of neurosurgical post‐operative SSI falls within the range consistent with the literature, which has shown rates of infection from <1% up to 15% depending on the type of surgery, surgical technique, and patient characteristics. SSIs can be an unfortunate and costly post‐operative complication. Risks factors in the past have been studied, but introspection by each institution is an important metric to ensure accountability and provide optimal patient care in comparison with established data and guidelines. No deviation from current techniques is deemed necessary at our institution based on the results.
Patient‐reported experience measures are essential to improving quality of care for chronic wounds: An international qualitative study
Authors: Squitieri Lee , Tsangaris Elena , Klassen Anne F. , van Haren Emiel L. W. G. , Poulsen Lotte , Longmire Natasha M. , van Alphen Tert C. , Hoogbergen Maarten M. , Sorensen Jens Ahm , Cross Karen , Pusic Andrea L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTraditional quality measures for chronic wounds have focused on objective outcomes that are challenging to risk adjust, lack patient input, and have limited ability to inform quality improvement interventions. Patient‐reported experience measures (PREMs) provide information from the patient perspective regarding health care quality and have potential to improve patient‐centredness, increase care efficiency, and generate actionable data for quality improvement. The purpose of this study was to understand patient experiences and health care processes that impact quality of care among patients with chronic wounds. Sixty patients at least 18 years of age with various wound aetiologies were recruited from Canada, Denmark, The Netherlands, and the United States as part of a larger phase 1 qualitative study to develop a patient‐reported outcome measure for chronic wounds (WOUND‐Q). All patients had a chronic wound for at least 3 months, were fluent in their native speaking language, and able to participate in a one‐on‐one semi‐structured interview. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. Interpretive description was used to identify recurrent themes relating to patient experience and quality of care. We identified five domains (care coordination, establishing/obtaining care, information delivery, patient‐provider interaction, and treatment delivery) and 21 sub‐domains (access to patient information, interdisciplinary communication, encounter efficiency, provider availability, specialist referral, staff professionalism, travel/convenience, modality, reciprocity, understandability/consistency, accountability, continuity, credentials, rapport, appropriateness, complication management, continuity, environment/setting, equipment and supply needs, expectation, and patient‐centred) as potential opportunities to measure and improve quality of care in the chronic wound population. PREMs for chronic wounds represent an important opportunity to engage patients and longitudinally assess quality across clinical settings and providers. Future research should focus on developing PREMs to complement traditional objective and patient‐reported outcome measures for chronic wounds.
Multi‐trait stability index: A tool for simultaneous selection of soya bean genotypes in drought and saline stress
Authors: Zuffo Alan Mario , Steiner Fábio , Aguilera Jorge González , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo , Teodoro Larissa Pereira Ribeiro , Busch Aécio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDrought and salinity are the main limiting environmental factors that restrict the establishment of soya bean plants. In order to recommend genotypes for cultivation under adverse drought and saline stress conditions, multi‐environment trials (MET) are needed. However, MET analysis is usually performed considering a single trait, which provides lower reliability in recommending genotypes when compared to multi‐trait analysis. Thus, this study was carried out to investigate the stability of multi‐trait stability index (MTSI) in 46 soya bean cultivars under the effects of drought and saline stress on seed germination and initial seedling growth. Drought and saline stresses were imposed by seed exposure to −0.20 MPa iso‐osmotic solutions with polyethylene glycol—PEG 6000 (119.6 g/L) or NaCl (2.36 g/L) for 12 days at 25°C. The germination rate, seedling length and seedling dry matter were measured. We showed here how genotypic stability can be quantified by MTSI when comparing drought and salinity conditions in relation to non‐stressful environment (control) and how this index can be employed under different conditions. When considering the index for multiple environments, we can select as the most stable genotypes TMG 716 RR, FPS Antares RR, AS 3610 IPRO, NS 7300 IPRO and FPS Solar IPRO among the 46 tested genotypes. Owing to high stability and gains with selection verified for these genotypes under salinity and drought conditions, they can be used as genitors in breeding programs aimed at obtaining offspring with higher resistance to antibiotic stresses.