bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autism Spectrum Social Stories in Schools Trial 2 (ASSSIST‐2): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial of the Social Stories™ intervention to address the social and emotional health of autistic children in UK primary schools
Authors: Wright Barry , Blackwell Jane E. , Bell Kerry J. , Teige Catarina , Mandefield Laura , Wang Han‐I , Welch Charlie , Scantlebury Arabella , Watson Judith , McMillan Dean , Standley Emma , Attwell Leah , Carrick Hayley , Taylor Amelia , Taylor Olivia , Hodkinson Rachel , Edwards Hannah , Pearson Hannah , Parrott Steve , Marshall David , Varley Danielle , Hargate Rebecca , Mclaren Anne , Hewitt Catherine 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAutistic children can experience mental health, social and emotional difficulties. Carol Gray's Social Stories™ are a highly personalised intervention that provide social information in a short individually tailored story.MethodsA multi‐site pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate the clinical and cost‐effectiveness of Social Stories™ alongside care as usual in autistic children aged 4–11 years. The primary outcome was the Social Responsiveness Scale‐2 completed by teachers 6 months post‐randomisation, analysed on an intention‐to‐treat basis. Trial Registration: ISRCTN11634810.ResultsEighty‐seven schools, including 249 children, were randomised (intervention 44 schools with 129 children, and usual care 43 schools with 120 children). After 6 months, a reduction of 1.61 points was found on the Social Responsiveness Scale‐2 in the intervention group (95% CI −4.18 to 0.96, p = .220) and for those who attended at least six sessions a reduction of 3.37 points (CACE 95% CI −6.65 to −0.10, p = .043). Children in the intervention group met their individual socio‐emotional goal more frequently than children receiving usual care alone and this was statistically significant. No statistically significant differences were found in other secondary outcomes including anxiety, depression, general health or parental stress.ConclusionsSocial Stories™ represent a low‐cost, low‐burden intervention. Benefits are seen in individual socio‐emotional goals but without clinically evident impact on social responsiveness, anxiety, depression, parental stress or general health.
Review: Efficacy of preventative interventions for children and adolescents at clinical high risk of psychosis – a systematic review and meta‐analysis of intervention studies
Authors: Frearson Grace , de Otazu Olivares Javier , Catalan Ana , Aymerich Claudia , Salazar de Pablo Gonzalo 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundDespite evidence suggesting that age moderates the response to preventative treatment for those at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR‐P), no meta‐analysis has assessed the effectiveness of preventative interventions for CHR‐P children and adolescents. Our aim was to synthesise evidence assessing preventative interventions on a wide range of mental health outcomes for CHR‐P children and adolescents.MethodA systematic search was conducted on Ovid MEDLINE, Pubmed, APA PsycInfo and Web of Science until June 2024 (PROSPERO: CRD42023406696). Intervention studies that had a mean participant age of under 18 years old that reported on mental health outcomes for CHR‐P participants were selected. A meta‐analysis was conducted for independent studies reporting the effectiveness of interventions on different outcomes (transition to psychosis, attenuated positive, negative and total prodromal psychotic symptoms, depressive symptoms and global functioning) compared to control conditions of no intervention or placebo. Evidence from other studies was also reported narratively.ResultsTwenty‐four studies and 1319 CHR‐P children and adolescents were included. Compared to no intervention or placebo, preventative interventions were effective for positive symptoms (SMD = 0.379, p = .022, 95% CI 0.055, 0.703), negative symptoms (SMD = 0.583, p = .004, 95% CI 0.187, 0.980), total symptoms (SMD = 0.677, p = .002, 95% CI 0.249, 1.105) and functioning (SMD = 0.944, p = .038, 95% CI 0.052, 1.836) but not reducing transition to psychosis or depressive symptoms.ConclusionsThere are disparities in the effectiveness of preventative interventions for different outcomes, with transition to psychosis not being the only relevant outcome. Differences in the efficacy of preventative interventions emerged between CHR‐P children and adolescents versus adults.
Predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic healthy non‐diabetic postmenopausal women
Authors: Ismaili Jehona , Ibrahimi Pranvera , Berisha‐Muharremi Venera , Karahoda Rona , Berbatovci‐Ukimeraj Mimoza , Istrefi Nora , Gjikolli Bujar , Batalli Arlind , Poniku Afrim , Elezi Shpend , Henein Michael Y. , Bajraktari Gani 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackground and AimCardiovascular disease progresses after menopause. Conventional risk factors, particularly diabetes, for atherosclerosis are well‐established predictors of phenotypic arterial disease. The aim of this study is to assess the predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic non‐diabetic postmenopausal women.MethodsThis prospective study included 117 consecutive postmenopausal women (mean age 59 ± 7 years) referred from the outpatient Rheumatology Clinic of the University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, recruited between September 2021 and December 2022. Clinical, biochemical, carotid ultrasound and coronary CT angiography data were analysed. Subclinical atherosclerosis was diagnosed when plaque and/or carotid intima‐media thickness >1.00 mm were present.ResultsWomen who had subclinical atherosclerosis had higher erythrocyte sedimentation (p = 0.022), higher total cholesterol (p = 0.013), higher CAC score (p = 0.017), and higher prevalence of CAC > 100 HU and CAC > 400 HU (p = 0.017 and p = 0.034, respectively) compared to those without subclinical atherosclerosis. Women who had mild coronary calcification (CAC score ≥10 HU) were older (p = 0.005), in longer menopause (p = 0.005), had thicker CIMT (p = 0.008) with higher prevalence (p = 0.03) compared to those with CAC score <10 HU. Women with moderate coronary calcification (CAC score ≥100 HU) had higher triglycerides, worse CIMT (p = 0.005) with higher prevalence (p = 0.039) compared to those with CAC score <100 HU. In multivariate analysis [odds ratio 95% confidence interval], age [1.101 (1.032–1.174), p = 0.037] and cholesterol [2.020 (1.225–3.331), p = 0.006] independently predicted the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis.ConclusionsIn addition to the impact of age, hypercholesterolaemia is an important predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis in non‐diabetic postmenopausal women.
Self‐Regulation in Preschool: Are Executive Function and Effortful Control Overlapping Constructs?
Authors: Heinze Henning , Daseking Monika , Gawrilow Caterina , Karbach Julia , Kerner auch Koerner Julia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe concepts of executive function (EF) and effortful control (EC) are strikingly similar. EF originates from neurocognitive research and is described as an accumulation of cognitive processes that serve the goal‐oriented self‐regulation of an individual. EC originates from temperament research and is defined as the efficiency of executive attention, including the ability to inhibit a dominant response, activate a subdominant response, proceed in a planned manner, and recognize conflicts or errors. The aim of this article was to examine the association between the constructs of EF and EC at the preschool age. Eighty‐eight children (49 female; M‐age = 3.93 years, SD = 0.78) were tested with a computerized battery designed to assess EF at 3–6 years of age (EF Touch). Children's parents completed questionnaires assessing EF impairments (BRIEF‐P) and EC (children's behavior questionnaire [CBQ]). Associations between the constructs and their conceptual overlap were analyzed using correlations and confirmatory factor analyses. We found significant correlations between EF and EC measures. A two‐factor confirmatory model fitted the data better than a one‐factor model of self‐regulation. Therefore, our results show that measures of EC and EF have substantial overlap but are separable.
Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Budd‐Chiari Syndrome
Authors: Thapa Shrinjaya B. , Souza Gabriel Roman , Paravathaneni Mahati , Cohen Sean , Mohammed Turab , Laber Damian A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsBudd‐Chiari syndrome (BCS) is managed by interventions aimed at relieving hepatic venous obstruction and anticoagulation. Despite robust data supporting the tolerability and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with other venous thromboembolism, its utility in BCS is not well documented. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of DOACs in Primary BCS from the available literature.MethodsPublished studies that reported data on patients with BCS treated with DOACs were included.ResultsTwo retrospective studies and nine case reports met the criteria for inclusion. The combined data from these two retrospective studies include 58 patients administered DOAC and 101 patients treated with VKA/LMWH. The combined re‐stenosis or failure rates after percutaneous endovascular intervention, angioplasty, TIPS, or OLT were 17.2% for the DOAC group and 15.8% for the LMWH/VKA group. The incidence of major bleeding was 8.62% in the DOAC group and 5.94% in the LMWH/VKA group, while minor bleeding rates were 20.7% and 4.95%, respectively. Procedure‐related bleeding was 4.5% in DOAC group and 12.8% in VKA/LMWH group. Nine case reports using apixaban in 3, rivaroxaban in 5, and one with dabigatran‐ described patients tolerating the treatment well and experiencing no major adverse events.ConclusionsDOACs appear to be at least equally effective to LMWH/VKA for the anticoagulation of patients with BCS. We believe DOACs to be preferred over LMWH/VKA for the anticoagulation of patients with BCS due to the known advantages in administration, but randomized trials might be needed to answer this question.
Genetic Signatures of Contrasted Outbreak Histories of “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus”, the Bacterium That Causes Citrus Huanglongbing, in Three Outermost Regions of the European Union
Authors: Pruvost Olivier , Boyer Karine , Labbé Frédéric , Weishaar Marine , Vynisale Anaïs , Melot Claire , Hoareau Cécile , Cellier Gilles , Ravigné Virginie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn an era of trade globalization and climate change, crop pathogens and pests are a genuine threat to food security. The detailed characterization of emerging pathogen populations is a prerequisite for managing invasive species pathways and designing sustainable disease control strategies. Huanglongbing is the disease that causes the most damage to citrus, a crop that ranks #1 worldwide in terms of fruit production. Huanglongbing can be caused by three species of the phloem‐limited alpha‐proteobacterium, “Candidatus Liberibacter,” which are transmitted by psyllids. Two of these bacteria are of highest concern, “Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus” and “Ca. Liberibacter africanus,” and have distinct thermal optima. These pathogens are unculturable, which complicates their high‐throughput genetic characterization. In the present study, we used several genotyping techniques and an extensive sample collection to characterize Ca. Liberibacter populations associated with the emergence of huanglongbing in three French outermost regions of the European Union (Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion). The outbreaks were primarily caused by “Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus,” as “Ca. Liberibacter africanus” was only found at a single location in Réunion. We emphasize the low diversity and high genetic relatedness between samples from Guadeloupe and Martinique, which suggests the putative movement of the pathogen between the two islands and/or the independent introduction of closely related strains. These samples were markedly different from the samples from Réunion, where the higher genetic diversity revealed by tandem‐repeat markers suggests that the disease was probably overlooked for years before being officially identified in 2015. We show that “Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus” occurs from sea level to an altitude of 950 m above sea level and lacks spatial structure. This suggests the pathogen's medium‐ to long‐distance movement. We also suggest that backyard trees acted as relays for disease spread. We discuss the implications of population biology data for surveillance and management of this threatful disease.
Gender Division of Unpaid Work and Relationship Satisfaction: COVID‐19 as an Engine of Family Reshuffling in Italy
Authors: Vignoli Daniele , Guetto Raffaele , Bellani Daniela 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe examine variation and correlates of relationship satisfaction in the advanced stages of the pandemic in Italy, focusing on COVID‐19‐induced changes in the division of housework and childcare.BackgroundThe consequences of the pandemic were not limited solely to health and economics; couples' division of unpaid work and relationships were also affected. Evidence is scarce as to how families adapted to the “new normal” and the pandemic's long‐term effects on relationship satisfaction.MethodWe use novel population‐level data collected in September 2021 in Italy. Both descriptive and multivariable analyses are performed separately for men and women.ResultsIn a context of prevalent stability, our findings suggest that the pandemic is associated with substantial variations in family life: 37% of men and women living in heterosexual couples reported changes in their relationship satisfaction. For men and women living in couples wherein the pandemic fostered gender inequalities, relationship satisfaction declined. For partners living in couples in which the pandemic offered the opportunity for a new equilibrium with a more balanced division of unpaid work, relationship satisfaction improved.ConclusionsCouples have attempted to adapt to the new reality brought about by the pandemic, experiencing both gains and losses in relationship satisfaction. This work challenges the idea that all couples experienced negative adjustments in relationship satisfaction during the pandemic.ImplicationsMen's adjustments in unpaid work during the pandemic represents an important factor that strengthens relationships, which may set the stage for rethinking couples' role‐sets in a post‐COVID‐19 world.
Association of personality and social support with subjective well‐being among Japanese older adults
Authors: Iwasa Hajime , Inagaki Hiroki , Masui Yukie , Gondo Yasuyuki 
Published: December 2024

AimAlthough the association between personality and health has been well documented, the interaction between personality and health risk factors is understudied. This study examined (i) the relationship between the Big Five model of personality and subjective well‐being and (ii) the buffering effect of social support on the relationship between personality and subjective well‐being among Japanese older adults.MethodsThe participants were 1265 adults aged 65–84 (499 men, 766 women). The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale was used as an index of subjective well‐being (the study outcome). As explanatory variables, the Japanese version of the NEO‐Five Factor Inventory measured the five domains of personality traits, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support measured social support. Data on age, sex, years of education, living arrangements (living alone or with family), psychiatric problems, chronic illness, and instrumental activities of daily living dependence, which were used as covariates, were obtained to test the independent association of personality and social support with subjective well‐being.ResultsThe multivariable regression analysis showed that neuroticism (β = −0.543), extraversion (β = 0.167), agreeableness (β = −0.099), social support (β = 0.143), and the interaction between social support and neuroticism (β = 0.058) were significantly associated with subjective well‐being.ConclusionsOur findings show that social support moderates the association between neuroticism and subjective well‐being among older adults. Accordingly, for older adults who are higher in neuroticism, interventions that provide increased social support may help reduce the risk of poorer well‐being. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 267–272.
Intranodal thyroid inclusions revisited: a morphological analysis and application of BRAF VE1 immunohistochemistry
Authors: Chuang Yu‐Che , Kuo Ying‐Ju , Hang Jen‐Fan 
Published: December 2024

AimsThe diagnosis of intranodal thyroid inclusions (ITIs) is controversial. We aim to investigate their clinicopathologic features and utilize immunohistochemistry (IHC) to support the diagnosis.Methods and ResultsForty‐one cases of incidentally found ITIs between 2019 and 2023 were categorized into three groups, namely, Group A: thyroidectomy due to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with regional lymph node dissection (n = 33), Group B: thyroidectomy due to benign thyroid disease with incidental perithyroid lymph node sampling (n = 4), and Group C: surgery due to other head and neck cancers with lateral neck lymph node dissection (n = 4). The overall incidence of ITIs was 4.17% (33/792) in Group A and 0.76% (4/524) in Group C. All ITIs sufficient for study were negative for BRAF VE1 IHC. HBME‐1 and galectin‐3 IHC were also negative in all analysed cases. Although various degrees of nuclear changes were present in ITIs, classical PTC nuclear features, i.e. pseudoinclusions, nuclear grooves, and chromatin alterations, were less commonly seen (0%, 29.3%, and 51.2%, respectively) than in metastatic PTC (90%, 95%, and 95%, respectively) (all P < 0.001). Interestingly, 77.3% (17/22) of cases with lymph node metastasis in Group A had coexistence of ITIs and metastasis in the same lymph node. During follow‐up, two cases in Group A had PTC recurrence without accompanying ITIs, while none in Group B or C had recurrent thyroid lesions.ConclusionWe propose key diagnostic features for ITIs incorporating morphology and BRAF VE1, HBME‐1, and galectin‐3 IHC. The distinction between ITIs and metastatic PTC can be clinically relevant.
Study on the mechanical and low‐temperature degradation properties of 3Y‐TZP doped with nano‐MgO by microwave sintering
Authors: Yuan Tian , Zhang Jin , Xia Junwei , Zhang Heng , Yang Hongcheng , Yuan Haogui , Li Songxia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe effects of nano‐MgO content on the microstructure, phase composition, mechanical properties of 3 mol% yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal ceramics were studied by microwave sintering at 1300°C–1500°C for 15–120 min. The low‐temperature degradation resistance of the samples was evaluated by hydrothermal experiments. Samples direct microwave sintered at 1500°C for 1 h attained a relative density between 95.5% and 98.2%, with an average grain size of 0.32–0.48 µm, the phase composition was identified as tetragonal ZrO2, with a bending strength of up to 822.07 MPa and a microhardness of 1784.22 HV, with the average friction coefficient ranging from 0.132 to 0.432. Hybrid microwave sintering at 1500°C with 0.8 wt% MgO attained a relative density (94.1–95.4%) and grain size (0.25–0.29 µm) with holding time increases from 15 to 45 min. After hydrothermal treatment at 134°C/0.2 MPa for 60 h, the monoclinic phase content of the samples by direct microwave sintering held at 1500°C for 1 h decreased from 41.43 vol% to 17.85 vol% with the increase in the content of nano‐MgO, indicating that microwave sintering combined with nano‐MgO significantly inhibits the low‐temperature degradation of zirconia composite ceramics.
Tell Me More! Examining the Benefits of Adding Structured Probing in Asynchronous Video Interviews
Authors: Patel Rahul D. , Powell Deborah M. , Roulin Nicolas , Spence Jeffrey R. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe personnel selection field has observed the rising use of asynchronous video interviews (AVI). The current study investigates whether follow‐up questions (probes) can optimize the applicant experience in AVIs. Across two experimental studies with participants recruited from Prolific, we investigated whether AVIs with probing promote applicant reactions (e.g., the opportunity to perform perceptions) toward the AVI and how probing influences interview behaviors, applicant perceptions, and interview performance ratings. In Study 1, 404 participants were randomly assigned to either an AVI with probing or an AVI without probing. Results indicated that probing directly improved the opportunity to perform perceptions and interview performance ratings. In addition, probing positively impacted honest impression management and motivation to perform indirectly through participants' perceived opportunity to perform. However, mediation analyses suggested that the effect of probing on interview performance ratings was driven by response length. In Study 2 (n = 271), we teased apart the effects of the inherently added response time that probing affords applicants with an additional condition that matched the response time of probes. Relative to Study 1, probing only slightly improved the opportunity to perform perceptions, but the effect of probing on the opportunity to perform perceptions was greater when compared to an AVI with an equivalent response time. In addition, probing positively impacted interview performance ratings, above and beyond their increased response time. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
Impact of Variants, Epidemiological Trends, and Comorbidities on Hospitalization Rates of Unvaccinated Children in Brazil: A Retrospective Study (2020–2022)
Authors: Conte Danielle Dias , Watanabe Raí André Silva , Chaves Ana Paula Cunha , Alberto‐Lei Felipe , Perosa Ana Helena Sita , Barbosa Gabriela , Bellei Nancy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis retrospective study aimed to investigate the impact of the emergence of new variants and the epidemiological scenario on hospitalization rates of unvaccinated children (0–12 years) in Brazil. The study included 1614 children admitted to a hospital between March 2020 and December 2022 but 101 (6.3%) of them testing positive for COVID‐19 via RT‐PCR. The frequency of COVID‐19 cases increased from 7.5% in 2020 to 9.3% in 2022 with the emergence of the Omicron variant. Children over 5 years old with comorbidities accounted for most cases (69% [70/101]). Sickle cell anemia was the most frequent comorbidity (20%), and influenza‐like illness (36% [36/101]) and decompensation of underlying disease (33% [33/101]) were the main reasons for hospitalization. Coinfection was detected in 11% of cases, with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) being the most common viral pathogen (71%). Hospital readmission occurred in 26% of cases, with a higher frequency in children over 5 years old. The death rate was 1.9%, with comorbidities such as cystic fibrosis and congenital heart disease as risk factors. These findings emphasize the need to prioritize vaccination with monovalent Omicron XBB for high‐risk groups, including children over 5 years old with comorbidities, to mitigate the impact of new variants and reduce severe disease outcomes.