bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of vasopressors during esophagectomy is not associated with increased risk of anastomotic leak
Authors: Walsh Kevin J , Zhang Hao , Tan Kay See , Pedoto Alessia , Desiderio Dawn P , Fischer Gregory W , Bains Manjit S , Jones David R , Molena Daniela , Amar David 
Published: September 2020

Summary
Vasopressor use during esophagectomy has been reported to increase the risk of postoperative anastomotic leak and associated morbidity. We sought to assess the association between vasopressor use and fluid (crystalloid and colloid) administration and anastomotic leak following open esophagectomy. Patients who underwent open Ivor Lewis esophagectomy were identified from a prospective institutional database. The primary outcome was postoperative anastomotic leak (any grade) and analyzed using logistic regression models. Postoperative anastomotic leak developed in 52 of 327 consecutive patients (16%) and was not significantly associated with vasopressor use or fluid administered in either univariable or multivariable analyses. Increasing body mass index was the only significant characteristic of both univariable (P = 0.004) and multivariable analyses associated with anastomotic leak (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.09; P = 0.007). Of the 52 patients that developed an anastomotic leak, 12 (23%) were grade 1, 21 (40%) were grade 2 and 19 (37%) were grade 3. In our cohort, only body mass index, and not intraoperative vasopressor use and fluid administration, was significantly associated with increased odds of postoperative anastomotic leak following open Ivor Lewis esophagectomy.
The Reliability of Genitalia Morphology to Monitor the Spread of the Invasive Winter Moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Eastern North America
Authors: Griffin Brian P , Chandler Jennifer L , Andersen Jeremy C , Havill Nathan P , Elkinton Joseph S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Winter moth, Operophtera brumata L. (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), causes widespread defoliation in both its native and introduced distributions. Invasive populations of winter moth are currently established in the United States and Canada, and pheromone-baited traps have been widely used to track its spread. Unfortunately, a native species, the Bruce spanworm, O. bruceata (Hulst), and O. bruceata × brumata hybrids respond to the same pheromone, complicating efforts to detect novel winter moth populations. Previously, differences in measurements of a part of the male genitalia called the uncus have been utilized to differentiate the species; however, the accuracy of these measurements has not been quantified using independent data. To establish morphological cutoffs and estimate the accuracy of uncus-based identifications, we compared morphological measurements and molecular identifications based on microsatellite genotyping. We find that there are significant differences in some uncus measurements, and that in general, uncus measurements have low type I error rates (i.e., the probability of having false positives for the presence of winter moth). However, uncus measurements had high type II error rates (i.e., the probability of having false negatives for the presence of winter moth). Our results show that uncus measurements can be useful for performing preliminary identifications to monitor the spread of winter moth, though for accurate monitoring, molecular methods are still required. As such, efforts to study the spread of winter moth into interior portions of North America should utilize a combination of pheromone trapping and uncus measurements, while maintaining vouchers for molecular identification.
Left main-like bifurcation primary percutaneous coronary intervention case report: anomalous right coronary artery ostium from the left anterior descending
Authors: Farjat Pasos Julio I , Ibarra Jorge Padilla , Angelini Paolo , Arias Eduardo A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
A single coronary artery ostium (SCAO) is estimated to be present in 0.066% of the general population. The proximal coronary course and the relationship with surrounding structures are related to malignant vs. benign prognoses. We present a case of SCAO with the right coronary artery (RCA) arising from the mid-left anterior descending (LAD), complicated by anterior and inferior STEMI because of acute thrombotic occlusion at the bifurcation and its percutaneous management.

Case summary
A 56-year-old male was admitted with sudden onset of resting chest pain. His ECG showed an anterior, inferior, and right ventricular STEMI. Via trans-radial access, coronary angiography showed significant stenoses at the left main and the circumflex but also a thrombotic occlusion at the proximal segment of the LAD while no RCA was seen. After crossing the LAD occlusion, the dominant RCA appeared from the mid-LAD. A provisional stent technique was performed achieving good results. Coronary computed tomography angiography showed an SCAO congenital anomaly with a patent stent in the bifurcation accompanied by diffuse coronary artery disease causing mild stenosis of the left main, proximal, and distal circumflex.

Discussion
The RCA arising from the mid-LAD with pre-pulmonic course has been described in only 37 cases. One reported an LAD/RCA bifurcation treatment with two stents technique in a stable scenario. The present is the first case reported of an acute thrombotic occlusion of an LAD/RCA bifurcation clinically resulting in a left main equivalent STEMI treated successfully with primary percutaneous coronary intervention using a bifurcation technique.
Double outlet of both ventricles: morphological, echocardiographic and surgical considerations
Authors: Iyer Krishna Subramony , Garg Ankit , Girotra Sumir , Anderson Robert H , Azad Sushil , Radhakrishnan Sitaraman , Iyer Parvathi U 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To describe the morphology, echocardiographic features and surgical management of the entity appropriately described as ‘double outlet of both ventricles’.

METHODS
Seven patients (5 males, age 0.5–7.5 months) were diagnosed to have a unique form of subarterial ventricular septal defect (VSD) and ventriculo-arterial connection, where a muscular outlet septum straddled the crest of the ventricular septum in a cruciate manner, such that both great arteries were equally committed to both ventricles. Diagnosis was established by echocardiography, with 6 patients submitted to surgical repair by means of intracardiac routing of the left ventricle to the aorta using 2 patches.

RESULTS
Surgical repair was successful in all 6 patients in whom it was attempted. In addition, 1 patient underwent concomitant repair of aortic coarctation, and 2 had closure of multiple VSDs. We lost 1 patient to follow-up after diagnosis. Follow-up with a range from 3 months to 8 years in the remaining patients revealed all to be clinically well with satisfactory growth of both outflow tracts.

CONCLUSIONS
We describe a series of patients with the ventriculo-arterial connection best described as ‘double outlet of both ventricles’. Diagnosis is readily established by echocardiography. Good early and midterm results can be expected subsequent to surgical repair using 2 patches for interventricular septation.
Dairy lactococcal and streptococcal phage–host interactions: an industrial perspective in an evolving phage landscape
Authors: Romero Dennis A , Magill Damian , Millen Anne , Horvath Philippe , Fremaux Christophe 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTAlmost a century has elapsed since the discovery of bacteriophages (phages), and 85 years have passed since the emergence of evidence that phages can infect starter cultures, thereby impacting dairy fermentations. Soon afterward, research efforts were undertaken to investigate phage interactions regarding starter strains. Investigations into phage biology and morphology and phage–host relationships have been aimed at mitigating the negative impact phages have on the fermented dairy industry. From the viewpoint of a supplier of dairy starter cultures, this review examines the composition of an industrial phage collection, providing insight into the development of starter strains and cultures and the evolution of phages in the industry. Research advances in the diversity of phages and structural bases for phage–host recognition and an overview of the perpetual arms race between phage virulence and host defense are presented, with a perspective toward the development of improved phage-resistant starter culture systems.
Super-resolution imaging of bacterial pathogens and visualization of their secreted effectors
Authors: Singh Moirangthem Kiran , Kenney Linda J 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Recent advances in super-resolution imaging techniques, together with new fluorescent probes have enhanced our understanding of bacterial pathogenesis and their interplay within the host. In this review, we provide an overview of what these techniques have taught us about the bacterial lifestyle, the nucleoid organization, its complex protein secretion systems, as well as the secreted virulence factors.
Medical Care Delivery in U.S. Nursing Homes: Current and Future Practice
Authors: Katz Paul R , Ryskina Kira , Saliba Debra , Costa Andrew , Jung Hye-Young , Wagner Laura M , Unruh Mark Aaron , Smith Benjamin J , Moser Andrea , Spetz Joanne , Feldman Sid , Karuza Jurgis 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The delivery of medical care services in U.S. nursing homes (NHs) is dependent on a workforce that comprises physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants. Each of these disciplines operates under a unique regulatory framework while adhering to common standards of care. NH provider characteristics and their roles in NH care can illuminate potential links to clinical outcomes and overall quality of care with important policy and cost implications. This perspective provides an overview of what is currently known about medical provider practice in NH and organizational models of practice. Links to quality, both conceptual and established, are presented as is a research and policy agenda that addresses the gaps in the evidence base within the context of our ever-changing health care landscape.
Classification of tectonic and non-tectonic seismicity based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Liu Xinliang , Ren Tao , Chen Hongfeng , Chen Yufeng 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARYIn this paper, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were used to distinguish between tectonic and non-tectonic seismicity. The proposed CNNs consisted of seven convolutional layers with small kernels and one fully connected layer, which only relied on the acoustic waveform without extracting features manually. For a single station, the accuracy of the model was 0.90, and the event accuracy could reach 0.93. The proposed model was tested using data from January 2019 to August 2019 in China. The event accuracy could reach 0.92, showing that the proposed model could distinguish between tectonic and non-tectonic seismicity.
Novel TONSL variants cause SPONASTRIME dysplasia and associate with spontaneous chromosome breaks, defective cell proliferation and apoptosis
Authors: Micale Lucia , Cialfi Samantha , Fusco Carmela , Cinque Luigia , Castellana Stefano , Biagini Tommaso , Talora Claudio , Notarangelo Angelantonio , Bisceglia Luigi , Taruscio Domenica , Salvatore Marco , Castori Marco 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
SPONASTRIME dysplasia is an ultrarare spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia featuring short stature and short limbs, platyspondyly, depressed nasal bridge with midface hypoplasia and striated metaphyses. In 2019, an autosomal recessive inheritance was demonstrated by the identification of bi-allelic hypomorphic alleles in TONSL. The encoded protein has a critical role in maintaining genome integrity by promoting the homologous recombination required for repairing spontaneous replication-associated DNA lesions at collapsed replication forks. We report a 9-year-old girl with typical SPONASTRIME dysplasia and resulted in carrier of the novel missense p.(Gln430Arg) and p.(Leu1090Arg) variants in TONSL at whole-exome sequencing. In silico analysis predicted that these variants induced thermodynamic changes with a pathogenic impact on protein function. To support the pathogenicity of the identified variants, cytogenetic analysis and microscopy assays showed that patient-derived fibroblasts exhibited spontaneous chromosomal breaks and flow cytometry demonstrated defects in cell proliferation and enhanced apoptosis. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of SPONASTRIME dysplasia and might open the way to novel therapeutic approaches.
The effect of platelet-rich plasma in patients with early hip osteoarthritis: a pilot study
Authors: Ortiz-Declet Victor , Iacobelli David A , Battaglia Muriel R , Go Cammille C , Maldonado David R , Lall Ajay C , Domb Benjamin G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We investigate whether platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections can improve symptoms and function in patients with mild to moderate osteoarthritis (OA). Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed for all patients receiving PRP intra-articular hip injections between February 2017 and June 2017. The inclusion criteria were patients with a well-preserved joint space (Tönnis 0 or 1) whose magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings demonstrated degenerative joint disease or a Tönnis grade of 2. The patient-reported outcomes (PROs) used were the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip Outcome Score-Activities of Daily Living Subscale (HOS-ADL), Hip Outcome Score-Sports Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), International Hip Outcome TOOL (iHOT-12), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) and Mental and Physical aspects of the Veteran RAND 12 Item Health Survey (VR-12M and VR-12P). The visual analog scale (VAS) was utilized to indicate pain. Nine patients (11 hips) were eligible for inclusion. All PROs and VAS improved from pre- to post-injection. These improvements were present at the 3-month follow-up visit and stable until the 12-month follow-up. There was statistically significant improvement for mHHS (P &lt; 0.001), HOS-ADL (P = 0.006), iHOT-12 (P = 0.003) and VR-12M (P = 0.005) at 12 months post-injection. Similarly, VAS improved from 4.1 to 2.3, although the change was not statistically significant. PRP injections significantly improved PROs in all measured scales at time points up to a year after intervention, except for VR-12P and HOS-SSS. In conclusion, patients with early OA of the hip had significant improvement of patient-reported functional outcomes up to 12 months after PRP intra-articular injections.
The role of collision speed, cloud density, and turbulence in the formation of young massive clusters via cloud–cloud collisions
Authors: Liow Kong You , Dobbs Clare L 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Young massive clusters (YMCs) are recently formed astronomical objects with unusually high star formation rates. We propose the collision of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) as a likely formation mechanism of YMCs, consistent with the YMC conveyor-belt formation mode concluded by other authors. We conducted smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations of cloud–cloud collisions and explored the effect of the clouds’ collision speed, initial cloud density, and the level of cloud turbulence on the global star formation rate and the properties of the clusters formed from the collision. We show that greater collision speed, greater initial cloud density and lower turbulence increase the overall star formation rate and produce clusters with greater cluster mass. In general, collisions with relative velocity ≳ 25 km s−1, initial cloud density ≳ 250 cm−3, and turbulence of ≈2.5 km s−1 can produce massive clusters with properties resembling the observed Milky Way YMCs.
Vortex unpinning due to crustquake-initiated neutron excitation and pulsar glitches
Authors: Layek Biswanath , Yadav Pradeepkumar R 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Pulsars undergoing crustquake release strain energy, which can be absorbed in a small region inside the inner crust of the star and excite the free superfluid neutrons therein. The scattering of these neutrons with the surrounding pinned vortices may unpin a large number of vortices and effectively reduce the pinning force on vortex lines. Such unpinning by neutron scattering can produce glitches for Crab-like pulsars and Vela pulsar of size in the range of ∼10−8–10−7 and ∼10−9–10−8, respectively. Although we discuss here the crustquake-initiated excitation, the proposal is very generic and equally applicable for any other sources, which can excite the free superfluid neutrons, or can be responsible for superfluid – normal phase transition of neutron superfluid in the inner crust of a pulsar.
Two new nova shells associated with V4362 Sagittarii and DO Aquilae
Authors: Harvey E J , Redman M P , Boumis P , Akras S , Fitzgerald K , Dulaimi S , Williams S C , Darnley M J , Lam M C , Kopsacheilli M , Derlopa S 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
A classical nova is an eruption on the surface of a white dwarf in an accreting binary system. The material ejected from the white dwarf surface generally forms an axisymmetric shell. The shaping mechanisms of nova shells are probes of the processes that take place at energy scales between planetary nebulae and supernova remnants. We report on the discovery of nova shells surrounding the post-nova systems V4362 Sagittarii (1994) and more limited observations of DO Aquilae (1925). Distance measurements of $0.5\substack{+1.4 \\ -0.2}$ kpc for V4362 Sgr and 6.7 ± 3.5 kpc for DO Aql are found based on the expansion parallax method. The growth rates are measured to be 0.07 arcsec yr−1 for DO Aql and 0.32 arcsec yr−1 for V4362 Sgr. A preliminary investigation into the ionization structure of the nova shell associated with V4362 Sgr is presented. The observed ionization structure of nova shells depends strongly on their morphology and the orientation of the central component towards the observer. X-ray, IR, and UV observations as well as optical integral field unit spectroscopy are required to better understand these interesting objects.
An empirical bayesian approach for testing gene expression fold change and its application in detecting global dosage effects
Authors: Guo Zhenxing , Cui Ying , Shi Xiaowen , Birchler James A , Albizua Igor , Sherman Stephanie L , Qin Zhaohui S , Ji Tieming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe are motivated by biological studies intended to understand global gene expression fold change. Biologists have generally adopted a fixed cutoff to determine the significance of fold changes in gene expression studies (e.g. by using an observed fold change equal to two as a fixed threshold). Scientists can also use a t-test or a modified differential expression test to assess the significance of fold changes. However, these methods either fail to take advantage of the high dimensionality of gene expression data or fail to test fold change directly. Our research develops a new empirical Bayesian approach to substantially improve the power and accuracy of fold-change detection. Specifically, we more accurately estimate gene-wise error variation in the log of fold change. We then adopt a t-test with adjusted degrees of freedom for significance assessment. We apply our method to a dosage study in Arabidopsis and a Down syndrome study in humans to illustrate the utility of our approach. We also present a simulation study based on real datasets to demonstrate the accuracy of our method relative to error variance estimation and power in fold-change detection. Our developed R package with a detailed user manual is publicly available on GitHub at https://github.com/cuiyingbeicheng/Foldseq.
Hitchin and Calabi–Yau Integrable Systems via Variations of Hodge Structures
Authors: Beck Florian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Since its discovery by Hitchin in 1987, G-Hitchin systems for a reductive complex Lie group G have extensively been studied. For example, the generic fibers are nowadays well-understood. In this paper, we show that the smooth parts of G-Hitchin systems for a simple adjoint complex Lie group G are isomorphic to non-compact Calabi–Yau integrable systems extending results by Diaconescu–Donagi–Pantev. Moreover, we explain how Langlands duality for Hitchin systems is related to Poincaré–Verdier duality of the corresponding families of quasi-projective Calabi–Yau threefolds. Even though the statement is holomorphic-symplectic, our proof is Hodge-theoretic. It is based on polarizable variations of Hodge structures that admit so-called abstract Seiberg–Witten differentials. These ensure that the associated Jacobian fibration is an algebraic integrable system.
Integrating “Exercise Is Medicine” into primary care workflow: a study protocol
Authors: Linke Sarah E , Kallenberg Gene “Rusty” , Kronick Rick , Tai-Seale Ming , De-Guzman Kimberly , Rabin Borsika 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As a major contributor to the burden of most chronic diseases, insufficient physical activity (PA) creates a significant financial burden on the health care system. Numerous interventions effectively increase PA, but few are integrated into primary care clinic workflows. Exercise Is Medicine (EIM) is a global health initiative committed to the belief that PA is integral to the prevention and treatment of diseases and should be routinely assessed as a vital sign and treated in the health care setting. This paper describes an in-progress embedded quality improvement (QI) project that integrates EIM into routine clinical practice. A combination of implementation science (IS) and QI models are used to adapt, implement, and evaluate the integration of EIM into six primary care clinics. The Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) guided preimplementation evaluation and adaptation of EIM protocol, materials, and delivery strategies. The learning evaluation QI model is used to design, test, refine, and implement EIM using rapid, 3 month Plan-Do-Study-Act microcycles. Learning meetings are used to obtain feedback and optimize workflow. The Stirman Framework is used to document adaptations to the program throughout implementation. Reach, adoption, implementation, effectiveness, and maintenance outcomes embedded within PRISM will guide the program evaluation to determine sustainability and scalability. Using an innovative approach of combining IS and QI methods to improve the identification of primary care patients with insufficient PA to increase their activity levels has great population health potential. Our work will inform the best approaches for EIM integration in primary care.