bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Difference Between the Production of Computer Music and the Production of Traditional Music
Authors: Su Junwen 
Published: July 2020

<p>With the development of economy, all kinds of new technologies keep emerging, so does the field of music. The new computer music production technology has greatly improved the efficiency of music production and made up for the defects of traditional music production in which it is still difficult to guarantee the quality of music even if adequate preparation is made before recording. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of computer music production compared with traditional music production.</p>
Penerapan Algoritma Kunang-Kunang pada Open Vehicle Routing Problem (OVRP)
Authors: Septiyafi Ihda , Suprajitno Herry , Pratiwi Asri Bekti 
Published: July 2020

This paper aims to solve Open Vehicle Routing Problem using Firefly Algorithm. Open Vehicle Routing Problem (OVRP) is a variant of Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) where vehicles used to serve customers do not return to the depot after serving the last customer on each route. The steps of the Firefly Algorithm to handle OVRP are data input and initialization parameters, generating the initial population for each firefly, sorting population sources, calculating the value of the objective function and light intensity, comparing the intensity of light, performing movement, setting the best fireflies as g-best, doing random movement in the best fireflies as long as the maximum number of iterations has not been met. The program used to complete OVRP using the Firefly Algorithm is Borland C ++ and implemented in 3 case examples, namely small data with 18 customers, moderate data with 50 customers, and large data with 100 customers with the best total mileage of 211, 344 , 970.62, and 2531.83. The results obtained from the program output indicate that the more the number of iterations and the number of fireflies, then the results of the objective function (total mileage) obtained tend to be better so that these parameters affect the value of the objective function. While the absorption coefficient value (g) does not give effect to the value of the objective function.
MAPEAMENTO DOS TERRAÇOS DE ABRASÃO AO LONGO DO LITORAL DO ESTADO DO ESPÍRITO SANTO COM USO DE SENSORIAMENTO REMOTO
Authors: Albino Jacqueline , Coelho Andre Luiz Nascentes , Muehe Dieter , Klumb-Oliveira Leonardo Azevedo , Dias Felipe Cassilhas 
Published: July 2020

O mapeamento de plataformas de abrasão ao longo da costa usando embarcações e ecobatimetro é dificultado pelas baixas profundidades rasas e alta agitação de ondas. O presente trabalho mapeou os terraços de abrasão emersos e submersos ao longo do litoral do Espírito Santo, Brasil, até a profundidade de 10 m usando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de imagens de satélite Landsat 8, Digital Globe (Google Earth) e ortofotografias foram avaliados quando a eficácia de cada material no mapeamento proposto. Todos os três tipos de imagens utilizadas para mapeamento remoto mostraram interferência de fatores ambientais, principalmente nuvens e turbidez devido à suspensão de sedimentos finos. As imagens derivadas do Google Earth apresentam a maior resolução entre os 3 tipos, mas são menos disponíveis devido à menor frequência de sobrevoo, o que limita a escolha de dias com condições ideais de mapeamento. As imagens landsat, com menor resolução, permitem mais liberdade para a seleção de dias com condições favoráveis para o mapeamento. Ortofotos se mostram úteis no mapeamento de detalhes. Os resultados da detecção remota foram comparados aos dados batimétricos, coletados a partir de uma ecosonda montada em um caiaque, o que proporcionou a representação do relevo em 3D, com melhor indicação da rugosidade do substrato rochoso.
Três obras didáticas de Melchior Cortez (1882-1947): o violão entre os métodos clássicos e a Escola Moderna
Authors: Amorim Humberto 
Published: July 2020

Entre as décadas de 1920 e 1930, Melchior Cortez (1882-1947), português radicado o Rio de Janeiro desde os nove anos, concebeu três obras didáticas para violão publicadas por importantes editoras do Brasil e da Argentina (Casa Arthur Napoleão e Casa Romero y Fernandez): Exercícios Technicos Cromáticos (1927); Escola de Arpejos (1929); e os 27 Estudos para violão de Dionísio Aguado (1934). Ainda não abordadas em pesquisas sobre o tema, tais obras foram localizadas em acervos públicos e coleções particulares. Através de pesquisa documental e confronto com a bibliografia disponível, o artigo objetiva não somente apresentá-las e prover uma contextualização histórica inicial, mas também avaliar em que medida seus conteúdos eventualmente refletem a perspectiva de se fazer uma releitura dos autores-violonistas do período clássico à luz da Escola Moderna associada ao espanhol Francisco Tárrega (1852-1909).
Pembelajaran Thinking Actively in Social Context untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Higher Order Thinking Siswa SMA
Authors: Wardhani Irma Yuniar 
Published: July 2020

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model pembelajaran <em>Thinking Actively in Social Contexts</em> (<em>TASC</em>) pada pembelajaran Biologi SMA disertai dengan panduan model yang layak untuk meningkatkan kemampuan <em>higher order thinking</em>. Penelitian ini menggunakan model 4D: <em>define, design, develop, disseminate</em> yang dikombinasikan dengan model Borg and Gall. Tahap <em>define </em>meliputi analisis kurikulum, karakteristik siswa, kegiatan siswa, materi dan tujuan pembelajaran. Tahap <em>design </em>meliputi pemilihan media, perancangan modifikasi sintaks, perancangan format panduan model, serta pembuatan produk awal. Tahap <em>develop </em>meliputi pengembangan model TASC disertai panduan model dengan penilaian oleh ahli dan uji pengembangan (uji coba terbatas dan uji coba lapangan). Tahap <em>disseminate </em>merupakan upaya penyebaran model <em>TASC </em>dilengkapi panduan model yang telah direvisi kepada beberapa pihak terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran <em>TASC </em>layak dan<em> </em>efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan <em>higher order thinking</em> siswa. Pencapaian nilai kemampuan <em>higher order thinking</em> mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan berdasarkan hasil pretest dan postes yang telah diuji dengan uji <em>gain score</em> dan uji <em>t</em><em>.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: Model pembelajaran <em>TASC</em>, <em>higher order thinking</em>.</p><p> </p>
Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses
Authors: Yang Chong , Li Juanjuan , Islam Faisal , Hu Luyang , Wang Jiansu , Wang Jian , Xu Ling , Zhou Weijun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes. Therefore, these functional genes related to increasing the plant tolerance or improving the crop quality, could be applied for the crop improvement..
Optimization of a virus-induced gene silencing system and functional elucidation of MaBAM9b in postharvest banana fruits
Authors: liu juhua , Li Meng , Zhang Jing , Miao Hongxia , Wang Jingyi , Jia Caihong , Zhang Jianbin , Wang Zhuo , Xu Biyu , Jin Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The genetic basis of metabolic pathways that operate during fruit ripening needs to be understood before the nutritional value of the banana can be improved. The banana is a typical starch conversion fruit, and β-amylase is a key enzyme that may play an important role in starch degradation during the ripening process. Musa acuminata β-amylase 9b (MaBAM9b) is closely related to starch degradation. However, its exact function in starch degradation has not been demonstrated in banana. Stable genetic transformation to identify gene function is time- and energy-consuming. Thus, an efficient and rapid method is needed for functional identification. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a reverse-genetics method based on RNA-mediated antiviral plant defense that has been used to rapidly identify gene functions in plants. The aim of this study is to optimize a VIGS system and functional elucidation of MaBAM9b in postharvest banana fruits. Results: Using 0.5% iodine-potassium-iodide (I2-KI) staining for 150 s, we found that 1:3 TRV1:TRV2-MaBAM9b cultivated at 30 mmHg for 30 s to an optical density (OD) of 0.8 at 600 nm, and kept on Murashige & Skoog (MS) media for 5 days produced the best silencing results. Under these conditions, the total starch content was greatly increased, whereas the β-amylase activity, soluble sugar content, and expression of endogenous MaBAM9b greatly decreased. Conclusions: The system described here is particularly useful for studying genes and networks involved in starch conversion in fruit, which alone would not produce a visual phenotype. This system will provide a platform for functional genomics and fruit quality improvement in the banana.
Oral Health Knowledge, Awareness and Associated Practices of Pre-school Children’s Parents in Damascus, Syria: a cross-sectional study.
Authors: Lala Sana , Kurdi Saleh Al , Kouchaji Chaza 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Oral health hygiene and practices of pre-school children depends on the knowledge, awareness, and attitude of their parents. Parental education level, family background and family size play an important role in adapting oral hygiene practices. Also, oral health behaviors vary between boys and girls, and it is generally believed that girls are better at taking care of their oral hygiene than boys. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess oral health hygiene and practices of pre-school children (4-6 years old) and its correlation with their parent's education level, child gender and child order between his/her brothers in the family.Methods: A survey was conducted randomly among 270 parents of Damascus population. Access to the parents in the target age group was achieved through face-to-face interaction (14 parents), online (87 parents) and two different kindergartens in two different social areas (169 parents). A set of 17 questions were formulated, and the questionnaire was distributed. A comparison of the answers from the collected data was made on SPSS 24 using Chi-Square Tests.Results: Chi-Square Tests showed the important role of parental education level and its associated with regular dental visit (9.3%), temporary teeth treatment (48.1%), no early extracted teeth due to caries (48.5%) and no current caries (35.2%). On the other hand, there was no difference between child gender or order and daily oral hygiene practices.Conclusion: This study highlights the role of Parental education level in the quality of a child’s oral hygiene practices. Although some parents were aware of the importance of temporary teeth treatment and preventing caries through a regular dental visit, they weren’t aware of some deleterious oral habits.
Sirt1 Mediated High-Glucose-Induced Aβ Deposition and Cognitive Impairment through Activation of the TLR9/p53 Pathway
Authors: Sun Yue , Zhu Shiyu , Chen Jinliang , Zhao Yuxing , Zhou Jing , Cheng Luo , Qiong Lv , Liao Zhiyin , Zhao Kexiang , Gao Yuan , Wang Di , Xiao Qian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a chronic central nervous system complication caused by diabetes mellitus (DM). β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition has been considered as the main cause of cognitive impairment in DE. Previous researches concerned the effect of canonical TLR9/Myd88 inflammatory pathway. However our study explored the function of non-inflammatory pathway of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), acting on Sirt1 to influence Aβ deposition and cognitive function in DE.Results: We found that, compared with DM mice, TLR9-/-DM mice performed better learning ability and short-term memory, along with lower Aβ in hippocampi, but could be reversed by Sirt1 inhabition. Furthermore, in vitro, after intervention with high glucose and p53 over-expressed lentiviral infection, we observed the positive results of TLR9 inhibition, such as Sirt1 up-regulation, Aβ reduction or cognitive improvement, were altered (all P<0.05).Conclusions: we considered that TLR9/p53/Sirt1 signalling pathway induced by high glucose are one of molecular mechanisms underlying DE. These results not only confirm the importance of blood glucose management but also provide new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of DE.
Trainee Doctors’ Perception of the Adequacy of Support During Their Intensive Care Attachment- A Phenomenological Study
Authors: ventour dale , O'Rouke Rebecca 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNDThe perception of junior non-anaesthetic trainees’ educational support during their Intensive Care attachment was evaluated by this study using a phenomenological approach. The author in his role as College Tutor for Intensive Care was evaluating the factors within the Intensive Care environment which led to supporting the junior trainees in this tense environment and whether it can help trainees to adapt to changing doctor’s roles in the future. The aim was to evaluate the factors which influenced junior trainees learning and ability to effectively perform on a daily basis within the stressful intensive care environment.RESULTSThemes affecting learning included: Authority, Hierarchy, Safety, Intimidating environment, Disorientation, Friendliness, limited member of the team, Dreading on-call duties, communication and consultant input.CONCLUSIONThe author suggested a ‘tripod of critical care support’ with the junior doctor at the apex and three arms of support comprising; the nurses, consultants and the intensive care environment. These three components combine to form the ‘critical care culture’ which trains, nurtures and support critical care doctors. It is evident from the trainees’ interview that the presence of a critical care culture is a palpable entity with the nurses at the center reinforcing the status quo and the trainees need to be on the nurses ‘good side’ in order to maximize and enjoy their critical care rotation.
Knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of cardio vascular disease among general people residing in Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal
Authors: Tharu Ramesh Prasad , Rawal Shirya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Cardio vascular disease (CVD), a group of disorders of heart and blood vessels. It is the leading cause of death globally including Nepal. The major factors which increase the risks are tobacco chewing/smoking, raised blood cholesterol level, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, overweight, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, age, sex and heredity etc. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding risk factors of cardio vascular disease among general people residing in Dhamboji-1,Nepalgunj, Banke; Nepal.
Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted for the study and entirely based on primary data collected through structured and self-administered questionnaires during the month of July 2019. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to select 100 general people residing in Nepalgunj, Banke. The collected data were analyzed and summarized through descriptive as well as inferential statistics using SPSS software (version 21). The descriptive analysis was performed using frequencies, percentage etc. and for the inferential part of the study, chi-square test (\({{\chi }}^{2}\)-test) was used.
Results

The results of the study revealed that among total 100 respondents; 33 (33.0%) of the respondents had poor knowledge, 35(35%) of the respondents had average knowledgee and 32(32.0%) had good level of knowledge regarding risk factors of cardio vascular disease. Likewise, the majority of respondents 68(68.0%) had unfavourable attitude, 32(32.0%) had neutral attitude and none of the respondents had favourable towards risk factors of cardio vascular disease. There was significant association between knowledge and educational status (p value = 0.010) and types of family (p value = 0.031). However, there was no statistically significant association between attitude and other demographic variables such as age, sex, family income, occupation, educational status, types of family, religion, marital status, level of education, present illness and personal habit.
Conclusion

The findings of the study conclude that, though the attitude was unfavourable but the knowledge was average towards risk factors of cardio vascular disease among general people. Thus, comprehensive interventions against all risk factors should be planned and implemented to reduce the future burden of CVD in general people of Nepal.
WITHDRAWN: A 10 Year Follow-up of Denture Satisfaction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life with Implant-Retained Mandibular Overdentures
Authors: Mukilvannan Ghajanaa , Schriwer Christian , Lie Stein Atle , Berg Einar , Gjengedal Harald 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This 10-year follow-up study reports denture satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life of edentulous patients treated with two-implant mandibular overdentures. Methods: This is a follow-up of a previous study carried out between 1997 – 2005. Originally, the patients were randomly divided into two groups: one receiving two- implant mandibular overdentures (IODs) and another, relined mandibular dentures (RCDs). The latter group were offered and accepted IODs at two years, which then became another IOD group. The main outcome variable of this study is patient opinion over time of the IODs. The participants completed a self-administered questionnaire containing demographics, 15 variables of denture satisfaction, and 20 questions of the Oral Health-Related Impact Profile (OHIP-20). Comparison between groups were made with Mann-Whitney U-tests for denture variables and T-tests for OHIP-20 variables. Changes over time were analysed with multilevel linear models for denture variables and multilevel ordinal regression analyses for OHIP-20 variables.Results: Of the 54 original participants, 29 responded. Disregarding patients who had died at 10 years, this represented a response rate 76%. In the IOD group, the degree of denture satisfaction and OHIP-20 scores remained high and stable over the 10-years period for all but one variable. The RCD group showed a modest improvement of denture satisfaction and OHIP-20 scores for the first two years. After treatment with IODs, these variables improved at 10 years to the same level as the original IOD group.Conclusions: The positive effect on denture satisfaction and oral health-related quality of life of edentulous patients treated with two-implant mandibular overdenture remains unchanged 10 years after treatment, confirming the advice that this should be the standard treatment for the edentulous mandible. Trial registration: This study was approved by Norwegian Committee for Medical Research Ethics in Norway, Health Region West (2017/618) the 16th of May 2017.
Predictive Clinicopathologic Features and Prognostic assessment of pT0 prostate cancer: a case control study
Authors: Xu Jiangnan , Wang Chao , Ouyang Jun , Zhang Jianglei , Xu Zekun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: pT0 prostate cancer is relatively rare. We wanted to share and explore the predictive clinicopathological features and prognosis of biopsy-proven pT0 prostate cancer in Chinese population.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and prognostic data of 8 patients with pT0 prostate cancer who received radical prostatectomy (RP) at our institution between 2006 and 2019. pT0 group was compared with a control group of 96 patients who underwent RP during the same period. Exclusion criteria included patients undergoing neoadjuvant hormone therapy or transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) before the operation．Results: There were significant differences in the exposure rates of six clinicopathological features between two groups. Apart from finasteride use, the other five items were particularly frequent in the pT0 group: prostate-speciﬁc antigen (PSA) <10 ng/ml (7/8), one positive biopsy core only (7/8), biopsy Gleason score <7 (8/8), and prostate volume>40ml (7/8), length of biopsy positive for cancer≤2mm. When these five parameters were combined as predictive model, the sensitivity was 75%, the specificity was 99%. The 8 patients were followed up for an average of 67 months without biochemical recurrence or progression.Conclusions: Preoperative PSA, number of positive biopsy core, Gleason score, prostate volume, and the length of cancer can help predict pT0 stage of prostate cancer. Patients with pT0 stage had a relatively favorable prognosis.
Ischemic Stroke: An Emerging Complication of COVID-19
Authors: Hautecloque Geoffroy , sellal Francois , Gravier Simon , Bonijoly Thomas , Iltis Celine , Anthony Pierre , Renglewicz Catherine , Arentz-Dugay Marie-Hélène , Mohseni-Zadeh Mahsa , Martinot Martin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCovid-19 affects mainly the respiratory tract but extra-pulmonary manifestations have been reported including neurologic disorders. Stroke is uncommonly reported in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. To assess the real burden of stroke during Covid-19 we performed a single-center review of stroke among patients with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19.MethodsWe retrospectively searched Colmar Hospital’s database for all the patients with laboratory confirmed Covid-19 who had a stroke between March 3 and April 21, 2020. Results We report seven cases (mean age 73 years) of ischemic stroke among 674 patients hospitalized for laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Three patients experienced a stroke during hospitalization, and four patients were tested positive 24 h after their admission for stroke. Patients with stroke experienced a predominance of cardioembolic mechanisms, high levels of inflammatory markers, and procoagulative states. ConclusionIschemic stroke is a serious threat in patients with Covid-19, mainly due to an embolic mechanism and cardiologists and neurologists must collaborate in management and prevention of stroke during the Covid-19 pandemic