bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic modeling of ballistic penetration in reinforced concrete panels
Authors: Dar Roouf Un Nabi , Alagappan P. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStudying ballistic impact on reinforced concrete (RC) structures is essential for enhancing the safety and cost‐effectiveness of these structures. The depth of penetration (DOP) and residual velocity (RV) of projectiles are critical design parameters requiring precise quantification to improve the ballistic‐resistant design. Traditional empirical models are available for quantifying these parameters but are deterministic and often yield inaccurate results due to the inherent uncertainties in ballistic impacts. This paper introduces a probabilistic approach to quantify DOP and RV accurately. Bayesian inference models are developed using dimensionless explanatory functions to estimate these parameters in RC panels under hard projectile impacts, accounting for associated uncertainties. Numerical modeling is performed using LS‐Dyna, and the model is validated against experimental data from past studies. Data from refined numerical simulations, along with available experiments from the literature, are utilized to develop the probabilistic models. The findings reveal the significant influence of projectile and concrete properties, as well as the projectile's incidence angle, on DOP and RV. The probabilistic models developed are validated with previous experimental results, demonstrating their reliability and accuracy. Consequently, robust design formulae are proposed for estimating DOP and RV for RC panels under hard projectile impacts, providing a valuable tool for precise impact assessments in engineering applications.
Afterword
Authors: Thane Pat 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis Afterword outlines the many ways in which campaigners for social reform have drawn on their personal experiences, and the expertise this has afforded them, to argue for remedies to overcome gaps in state services in the twentieth-century British welfare state. It notes that the theme of experiential expertise has been largely overlooked in previous studies of state welfare. Highlighted here is the importance of this concept in a wide range of examples. These include those of women’s campaigning groups in the pre-1945 period, the arguments of pioneering advisors to the Labour government on welfare reform and Non-Governmental Organisations from the 1950s. All these cases reveal how personal experience, individual and collective, has been a central force in many historic campaigns for welfare reform. The Afterword asserts that by using the framing of experiential expertise Everyday Welfare opens up neglected dimensions of the British welfare state which can be built upon in future to deepen understandings of past and present, successful and unsuccessful, moves to ensure that people “fare well”.
Hydrocarbons in the Sea
Authors: Radovich Violeta S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis chapter defines hydrocarbons, a non-renewable natural resource, whose exploration and exploitation causes impacts in the environment. Hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation has started wars, its exploration in the sea started in 1937. The notion of “marine platforms” instead of “offshore platforms” is introduced to rethink the relationship between land and sea and to develop a functional approach to enhance existing regulations. Different types of marine platforms are explained, since this categorization is relevant to determine whether they could be included or not under Maritime Law scope of application.
The Czech Constitutional Court Database
Authors: Paulík Štěpán 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article at hand introduces a comprehensive foundational database on the Czech Constitutional Court spanning from its inception in 1993 to 2023. The database includes metadata on all decisions, full-text corpus, and additional background data on judges and law clerks, filling a gap in high-quality datasets for empirical legal research in the Central and Eastern European regions. As one of the first comprehensive court databases in the CEE region, it has the potential to catalyze similar research efforts and contribute to methodologically rigorous empirical legal research in a region of increasing European significance.
Scalp and Forehead Reconstruction following Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Mohan Vamsi C. , Leonovicz Olivia G. , Schmidt Josephine L. , Gillipelli Srinithya R. , Parham Matthew J. , Layon Sarah A. , Dempsey Robert F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFor proper reconstruction of scalp and forehead defects following Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), knowledge of the unique anatomy and aesthetic importance of these structures is necessary to restore function and appearance. However, the inflexibility, convexity, and hair-bearing nature of the scalp and forehead can make reconstruction challenging. Detailed planning and precise management are essential to achieve adequate reconstructive results. Defect size, location, prior radiation history, and symmetry of hairlines should be taken into consideration during planning, and the simplest reconstructive technique should be utilized whenever feasible. This review will discuss the reconstructive options available for acquired defects of the scalp and forehead.
Reconstruction of Small Nasal Defects
Authors: Hollier Pierce , Parham Matthew , Layon Sarah A. , Thornton James F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe nose maintains a central importance in both functional and aesthetic human anatomy. With such importance comes numerous possible defects with equally plentiful techniques available for repair. One of the most common causes for nasal reconstruction is Mohs micrographic surgery to excise basal and squamous cell carcinomas. Generally, these procedures create small defects which can be repaired via skin graft or flaps with possible assistance from biologic agents.
Eyelid Reconstruction
Authors: Gillipelli Srinithya R. , Quirarte Diego M. , Owens Winston R. , Parham Matthew J. , Jiang Austin Y. , Williams Katherine J. , Xue Amy S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReconstruction of the eyelid is a complex process that requires an understanding of eyelid anatomy and various reconstructive techniques to restore function and appearance. The eyelids, essential for globe protection, moisture retention, and expression, contain the lacrimal system and intricate musculature that make reconstruction challenging. Tumor excision commonly results in defects in the eyelid that require careful reconstructive planning, with consideration for defect dimensions, location, and involvement of surrounding tissue. This review presents reconstructive techniques commonly used in the management of eyelid defects.
Identifying the composition of large vesicles in the cytoplasm of oocytes
Authors: Reader Karen L. , Pratt Isabella G. , Lawson Georgia L. , Woolley Robert J. 
Published: December 2024

Context Oocyte vesicles, or vacuoles, have been described using transmission electron microscopy in most species. In sheep and cow oocytes, vesicles constitute up to 30% of the cytoplasm, their volume decreases during maturation and is lower in poorer quality oocytes, suggesting they are important for oocyte competence. However, the composition and function of these organelles is unknown. Aim This study aimed to ascertain the content of oocyte vesicles and examine the effect of different fixation methods on the size and preservation of these organelles. Methods Sheep oocytes were centrifuged to segregate organelles then stained with organelle-specific fluorescent dyes (Nile Red, LysoTracker, Fluo-4-AM and TMRM) and imaged by live cell confocal microscopy. The oocytes were fixed with either glutaraldehyde or paraformaldehyde and prepared for electron microscopy to confirm the distribution of organelles and compare ultrastructure and organelle size. Key results Nile Red staining has identified that vesicles contain lipid that is different to that in the osmium-stained lipid droplets observed by electron microscopy. Lipid droplets and vesicles were significantly smaller when prepared for electron microscopy compared to live cell imaging. Organelles were less likely to be fully segregated following centrifugation in oocytes prior to maturation (20%) compared to oocytes after maturation (77%; P < 0.0001). Conclusions Oocyte vesicles are lipid storing organelles that may be important for oocyte quality. Implications This study highlights the importance of lipid for oocyte quality and the need for further research to identify the optimal fatty acid content for in vitro maturation media and oocyte competence.
On the skids
Authors: Kosatica Maida , Ross Melody Ann 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As a way of identifying places which visibilise vulnerable groups, this paper analyses stories of people living on
Los Angeles’ Skid Row from their visual portraits posted on photographer Mark Laita’s YouTube channel Soft White
Underbelly. Recognising the important role of oral narratives in the production of semiotic landscapes, we are
concerned with the ways people talk about space and (re)construct their vulnerabilities in relation to Skid Row. On their own,
autobiographical accounts facilitate a deep understanding of how people structure their lives around particular places, but we
also document semiotic landscaping tokens collected from ride-along vlogs and virtual walks. This paper shows that Skid Row is a
space of contradictory but simultaneous identities; it is a place of excessive regulatory control and perceived disorder; it is
bounded and confined but also easily and dangerously accessible; it is peripheral and overlooked but also appealing to
‘watch’.
Radiopharmaceuticals
Authors: Verberne Hein J. , Hyafil Fabien , Gimelli Alessia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this chapter, the basic concepts of myocardial perfusion imaging are described. In addition, the characteristics, kinetics, and related radiation exposure of different single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) tracers are discussed.
Image interpretation
Authors: Jaber Wael A. , Gimelli Alessia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides a comprehensive simulation of interpretation of myocardial perfusion images as performed on a daily basis in clinical practice. In particular, one can learn how to interpret myocardial perfusion images by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET), blood pool gating, and images performed for evaluation myocardial innervation. Finally, suggestions on how to interpret artefacts are provided.
Role of CRISPR-Cas System as a New Approach in Fighting the Antimicrobial Resistance of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens
Authors: Selim Heba Mohammed Refat M. , Gomaa Fatma Alzahraa M. , Alshahrani Mohammad Y. , Aboshanab Khaled M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Caspase (Cas) system acts as a natural defense of bacteria against invasion by mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids, transposons, and bacteriophages. The review discusses the different classes and types of CRISPR-Cas systems in terms of principles of their action, limitations, and future perspectives. Also, the role of the CRISPR-Cas system as a new arsenal in fighting multidrug-resistant pathogens and clinically relevant pathogenic viruses and up-to-date clinical trials have been discussed and highlighted. Moreover, the utilization mode, regulation, and the link of CRISPR-Cas to quorum sensing for targeting cell chromosome or antimicrobial-resistant gene(s) of some clinically relevant pathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been discussed. The information provided in this review can act as a platform for researchers for the future use of the CRISPR-Cas system as a smart antimicrobial agent for combating infections caused by life-threatening pathogens, particularly those with limited therapeutic options.
Construction 4.0: enhancing sustainable construction practices by evaluating digital twin barriers in the Nigerian AEC industry
Authors: Ibrahim Kabir , Okanlawon Taofeek Tunde , Oyewobi Luqman Oyekunle , Badamasi Abdulmalik , Dodo Mansir , Jimoh Richard Ajayi 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry is currently undergoing a paradigm shift as it integrates innovations such as digital twins (DT) in its activities. As a result, this study aims to ascertain the barriers affecting the implementation of digital twin (DT) technology in Nigeria’s AEC sector.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a quantitative approach using a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms, yielding 120 valid responses from built environment professionals in Nigeria. The data were subjected to statistical tests such as the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, Cronbach’s alpha, descriptive statistics and the Kruskal–Wallis test. Hypotheses were validated through partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe study revealed that out of the 43 identified barriers, inadequate system integration, challenges in guaranteeing interoperability, university education on the subject is deficient, and new system compatibility with legacy systems are the main barriers to implementing DT for sustainable construction practices in the AEC Industry of Nigeria.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted in Nigeria with a focus on the Federal Capital Territory. The study identified the barriers of DT in the construction sector.Practical implicationsThis study developed and assessed a theoretical framework, examining the relationships between variables. The findings have important implications for the construction industry, offering opportunities to improve construction processes. Furthermore, the study will help improve sustainable practices within the built environment.Originality/valueThe study categorised the barriers of DT into the following: system integration; security-related; performance-related; organizational-related; data quality issues and environmental related issues.
What impacts the productivity performance of government construction projects?
Authors: Zhan Wenting , Zhou Wenmei , Liu Jinchan , Guo Yubo 
Published: December 2024

PurposePrevious research has advanced in two-stage construction project productivity (CPP) evaluation by integrating site efficiency (SE) in the delivery and utilisation effectiveness (UE) in the post-delivery stages. The literature has separately addressed the factors affecting these three constructs. However, the interrelationships among them are rarely discussed together. This study aims to systematically identify the influencing factors of CPP, SE and UE and disentangle interrelationships among the three constructs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper first reviews the literature about the two-stage project productivity evaluation framework for government construction projects. Then this paper proposes hypotheses regarding the relationships between the three constructs and identifies influencing factors associated with the constructs. Based on questionnaire survey from over 200 government construction project professionals in China, the structural equation modelling is adopted to validate the hypotheses.FindingsThe paper provides empirical insights that CPP can be directly influenced by UE to a large extent but indirectly impacted by SE through its effects on UE. The findings indicate that CPP is not a simple sum of SE and UE, and consequently reveals the complex, non-linear and indirect relationships between SE and CPP.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should further extend the timeframe boundary to merge the pre-delivery stage (e.g. design and planning), findings of which may propose a more generalised understanding and reduce the bias resulting from pre-delivery activities.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to construction facility management literature by explaining the mediating role of UE on the relationship between SE and CPP. Therefore, this paper offers practitioners an integrated management logic in strategically combining project and facility management into government project management.
Going green at work: a psychometric assessment of the green innovative work behaviour scale
Authors: Dahiya Rinki 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine and validate the psychometric properties of the Green Innovative Work Behaviour (G-IWB) measure, aiming to enhance its conceptualisation and reliable assessment in the context of increasing environmental awareness.

Design/methodology/approach
Data for this research were collected using a survey method across three distinct samples and analysed to evaluate the multidimensionality, validity and reliability of the G-IWB scale.

Findings
The thorough assessment of the G-IWB scale provided critical insights into its psychometric robustness. Results confirmed the reliability and validity of the G-IWB scale, featuring a correlated five-factor model and higher-order structure, encapsulating 23 items that comprehensively reflect the dimensions of G-IWB.

Practical implications
The findings of this study offer substantial practical value for hospitality organisations, providing a reliable tool for measuring, assessing and fostering G-IWB. This research contributes to the expanding literature on green innovation by focusing on individual behaviours and enriching theoretical models with data-driven insights for advancing sustainable practices within the hospitality sector.

Originality/value
This research makes a significant contribution by introducing a multidimensional psychometric tool for evaluating G-IWB. It addresses the scholarly tendency to focus on unidimensional G-IWB measurements, thereby advancing a nuanced understanding that broadens the scope of G-IWB.
Confucianism and corporate digital transformation: evidence from China
Authors: Chen Yuansheng , Peng Cheng 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study aims to examine how Confucianism influences corporate digital transformation and explore the underlying mechanisms. Meanwhile, this study also seeks to analyze whether the relationship between Confucianism and corporate digital transformation significantly varies under different contextual conditions.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes a sample of Chinese listed firms from 2012 to 2021 to empirically examine how Confucianism influences corporate digital transformation and validate the mechanisms of informal hierarchies, agency costs and financing constraints. Moreover, it explores the moderating effects of political connection and overseas culture. Subsample regressions assess the influence of corporate internationalization, property rights and regional marketization.FindingsThe findings of this study highlight the crucial role of Confucianism in driving corporate digital transformation. Confucianism contributes to corporate digital transformation by clarifying informal hierarchies, reducing agency costs and alleviating financing constraints. Nevertheless, political connection and overseas culture weaken the positive impact of Confucianism on corporate digital transformation. Further evidence indicates that Confucianism's influence on digital transformation is particularly pronounced in environments characterized by limited internationalization, heightened marketization and among non-state-owned enterprises.Originality/valueThis study elucidates the role of informal institutions in driving corporate digital transformation, enriching the literatures on the intersection of Confucianism and corporate digitalization. Our findings offer a novel perspective and contribute to management practice by exploring the mechanisms and contextual conditions.
AI-driven valuation: a new era for real estate appraisal
Authors: Topraklı Abdurrahman Yağmur 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis paper explores the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in real estate valuation, analysing its potential to enhance accuracy, efficiency and transparency in the appraisal process and examines the implications of this technological shift for various stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThis research adopts a comprehensive literature review approach, drawing upon existing research in real estate, computer science and related fields. A systematic analysis of scholarly publications and industry trends was conducted to examine the underlying technologies, diverse applications, potential benefits, inherent limitations and future trends associated with AI-driven valuation models, including machine learning and deep learning methods.FindingsThe study reveals that AI-powered valuation models offer significant advantages over traditional appraisal methods, including enhanced accuracy, increased efficiency, reduced costs and improved risk management. However, critical challenges related to data bias, algorithmic transparency (the “black box” problem), and the need for human oversight must be addressed to ensure responsible and effective AI implementation.Originality/valueThis paper provides insights into the transformative potential of AI in real estate valuation for a wide range of stakeholders. Real estate professionals can gain a better understanding of how AI can enhance their decision-making processes, improve efficiency and mitigate risk. Appraisers will benefit from the paper’s analysis of evolving skillsets required in the AI era, while lenders and investors will gain a clearer understanding of how AI-driven valuation can strengthen risk assessment and portfolio management. Policymakers can utilize this research to inform the development of ethical guidelines and regulations for AI adoption in real estate appraisal.
The role of bank diversity in the banking development-income inequality nexus. Regional evidence from Italy
Authors: Barra Cristian , D’Aniello Christian 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The function of banking development in reducing income inequality is critical because financial institutions can grant loans, stimulating prospective productive investments. Based on this promise, the aim of this study is to fill the vacuum by particularly evaluating the influence of banking development, as proxied by bank cost efficiency estimated using a parametric approach, on income inequality.

Design/methodology/approach
To evaluate the impact of banking development on income inequality, the authors use data from 20 Italian regions from 2004 to 2017. Particular attention will be made to the consequences that the varied composition of the Italian banking structure, namely, the presence of cooperative and non-cooperative banks, may have on income inequality. To do this, the authors use a generalized method of moments (GMM) regression on panel data to address the endogeneity problem that exists between banking development and income inequality.

Findings
Evidence reveals that increasing bank development plays an important impact in reducing income inequality, with cooperative banks faring best. A set of robustness tests generally validates our empirical findings and brings relevant policy implications.

Originality/value
A “qualitative” measure, such as cost efficiency, which is computed using a parametric technique, has been used as a proxy for banking development to analyse the relationship between banking development and income inequality. The contribution, in particular, focuses on how bank diversity influences the nexus between banking development and income inequality in a homogenous context.