bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EML4-ALK-mediated Activation of the JAK2-STAT&nbsp;Pathway is Critical for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Transformation
Authors: Li Ying , Li Yongwen , Zhang Hongbing , Shi Ruifeng , Zhang Zihe , Liu Hongyu , Chen Jun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like-4 anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene was identified in a small subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, who responded positively to ALK inhibitors. The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanism of NSCLC transformation by EML4-ALK.Methods: HEK293 and NIH3T3 cells were transfected with EML4-ALK-V3 or pcDNA3.1-NC, and H2228 cells were transfected with siRNA-EML4-ALK or siRNA-NC. Cell viability and proliferation were measured by CCK-8 and EDU methods, respectively. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Gene expression profiles were generated from a signal pathway screen of EML4-ALK-regulated lung cancer cell transformation and verified by qPCR and western blotting. The interaction and colocalization of JAK2-STAT pathway components and EML4-ALK were determined by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and immunohistochemistry/ immunofluorescence, respectively. Results: Several genes involved in the JAK2-STAT pathway were identified by Microarray.JAK2 and STAT6 were constitutively phosphorylated in H2228 cells, which was downregulated by EML4-ALK silencing. Ectopic expression of EML4-ALK in HEK293 and NIH3T3 cells resulted in activating of JAK2 and STAT1, STAT3, STAT5, and STAT6. In EML4-ALK-transfected HEK293 and EML4-ALK-positive H2228 cells, activated STAT6 and JAK2 colocalized with ALK.STAT3 and STAT6 were found to be phosphorylated and translocated to the nucleus of H2228 cells following IL4 or IL6 treatment. Apoptosis increased and cell proliferation and DNA replication decreased in H2228 cells following EML4-ALK knockdown. In contrast, HEK293 cell viability increased following EML4-ALK over-expression, while H2228 cells viability significantly decreased after treatment with ALK or JAK-STAT pathway inhibitors.Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest that aberrant expression of EML4-ALK leads to JAK2-STAT signaling pathway activation, an essential part of the development of non-small cell lung cancer.
Reinforcing Adherence to Lipid-lowering Therapy after an Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zafeiropoulos Stefanos , Farmakis Ioannis , Giannakoulas George , Kartas Anastasios 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aims: Achieving the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a milestone often missed due to suboptimal adherence to secondary prevention treatments. Whether improved adherence could result in reduced LDL-C levels is unclear. We aimed to evaluate an educational-motivational intervention to increase long-term lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) adherence and LDL-C goal attainment rate among post-ACS patients.Methods: IDEAL-LDL was a parallel, two-arm, single-center, pragmatic, investigator-initiated randomized controlled trial. Hospitalized patients for ACS were randomized to a physician-led integrated intervention consisting of an educational session at baseline, followed by regular motivational interviewing phone sessions or usual care. Co-primary outcomes were the LLT adherence (measured by Proportion of Days Covered (PDC); good adherence defined as PDC>80%), and LDL-C goal (<70 mg/dl or 50% reduction from baseline) achievement rate at one year.Results: In total, 360 patients (mean age 62 years, 81% male) were randomized. Overall, good adherence was positively associated with LDL-C goal achievement rate at one year. Median PDC was higher in the intervention group than the control group [0.92 (IQR, 0.82–1.00) vs. 0.86 (0.62–0.98); p=0.03] while the intervention group had increased odds of good adherence (adjusted odds ratio: 1.76 (95% confidence interval 1.02 to 2.62; p=0.04). However, neither the rate of LDL-C goal achievement (49.6% in the intervention vs. 44.9% in the control group; p=0.49) nor clinical outcomes differed significantly between the two groups.Conclusion: Α multifaceted intervention improved LLT adherence in post-ACS patients without a significant difference in LDL-C goal attainment. (IDEAL-LDL, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02927808)
Reinforcing Adherence to Lipid-lowering Therapy after an Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zafeiropoulos Stefanos , Farmakis Ioannis , Kartas Anastasios , Arvanitaki Alexandra , Arvanitakis Konstantinos , Nevras Vasileios , Pagiantza Areti , Zanos Stavros , Giannakoulas George 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aims: Achieving the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a milestone often missed due to suboptimal adherence to secondary prevention treatments. Whether improved adherence could result in reduced LDL-C levels is unclear. We aimed to evaluate an educational-motivational intervention to increase long-term lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) adherence and LDL-C goal attainment rate among post-ACS patients.Methods: IDEAL-LDL was a parallel, two-arm, single-center, pragmatic, investigator-initiated randomized controlled trial. Hospitalized patients for ACS were randomized to a physician-led integrated intervention consisting of an educational session at baseline, followed by regular motivational interviewing phone sessions or usual care. Co-primary outcomes were the LLT adherence (measured by Proportion of Days Covered (PDC); good adherence defined as PDC>80%), and LDL-C goal (<70 mg/dl or 50% reduction from baseline) achievement rate at one year.Results: In total, 360 patients (mean age 62 years, 81% male) were randomized. Overall, good adherence was positively associated with LDL-C goal achievement rate at one year. Median PDC was higher in the intervention group than the control group [0.92 (IQR, 0.82–1.00) vs. 0.86 (0.62–0.98); p=0.03] while the intervention group had increased odds of good adherence (adjusted odds ratio: 1.76 (95% confidence interval 1.02 to 2.62; p=0.04). However, neither the rate of LDL-C goal achievement (49.6% in the intervention vs. 44.9% in the control group; p=0.49) nor clinical outcomes differed significantly between the two groups.Conclusion: Α multifaceted intervention improved LLT adherence in post-ACS patients without a significant difference in LDL-C goal attainment. (IDEAL-LDL, ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02927808)
Death by SARS-CoV 2 - a Romanian COVID-19 multi-centre comorbidity study
Authors: Stoian Anca Pantea , Pricop-Jeckstadt Mihaela , Pana Adrian , Ileanu Bogdan-Vasile , Schitea Ruxandra , Geanta Marius , Catrinoiu Doina , Suceveanu Andra Iulia , Serafinceanu Cristian , Pituru Silviu , Poiana Catalina , Timar Bogdan , Nitipir Cornelia , Parvu Simona , Arsene Andreea , Mazilu Laura , Toma Antonela , Hainarosie Razvan , Ceriello Antonio , Rizzo Manfredi , Jinga Viorel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Evidence regarding the relation between SARS-CoV-2 mortality and the underlying medical condition is scarce. We conducted an observational, retrospective study based on Romanian official data about location, age, sex and comorbidities for COVID-19 fatalities. Our findings indicate that males, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and chronic kidney disease were most frequent in the COVID-19 fatalities, that the burden of disease was low, and that the prognosis for 1-year survival probability was high in the sample. Evidence shows that age-dependent pairs of comorbidities could be a negative prognosis factor for the severity of disease for the SARS-CoV 2 infection.
Risk factors for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver disease among the patients admitted to a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka: Case Control study
Authors: Nissanka Ayoma , Abeysena Chrishantha 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The burden of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) was rising globally. It is the disease condition where there is an increased fat deposition (≥5%) in the hepatic cells. The objective of this study was to determine the risk factors for NAFLD among the patients admitted to a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka.Methods: A case control study was conducted among the 106 cases with NAFLD and 212 unmatched hospital-based controls without having NAFLD. A case was defined based on the presence of fatty liver, according to the diagnostic ultrasonographic criteria. Three factors were used in diagnosing a patient with NAFLD. They include, increase echogenicity of the liver compared to kidney and spleen, obliteration of vascular architecture and deep attenuation of ultrasonic signals. Presence of at least two out of the above was considered as NAFLD. The data was collected by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The risk factors were determined by performing a multiple logistic regression and the results were expressed as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95 % confidence interval (95% CI).Results: Risk factors for NAFLD include consumption of fast food ≥2 time per week (AOR=9.34, 95% CI= 4.47-19.5), infrequent coffee consumption (AOR=2.78, 95% CI= 1.32-5.88), family history of liver disease (AOR=12.2, 95% CI= 2.16-67.9), methotrexate usage (AOR=32.0, 95% CI=1.45-tet707.3), inadequate physical activity (AOR=8.10, 95% CI= 4.04-16.3), having a high BMI value more ≥23Kg/m2 (AOR=6.17, 95% CI=2.93-13.0) and being a Sinhalese (AOR=12.7, 95% CI=2.03-79.3).Conclusion: Most of the risk factors were modifiable such as inadequate physical activity, overweight, infrequent coffee consumption and frequent consumption of fast-food. Primary preventive strategies for those modifiable risk factors should be implemented to prevent NAFLD.
ORBITAL FLOOR RECONSTRUCTION WITH TRANS-ANTRAL APPROACH USING ENDOSCOPE
Authors: GIRI RISHABH , Vikas Kunwar Singh  , Ruchika Tiwari  , Gaurang Thanvi  
Published: November 2020

Background and objective: Orbital floor fractures are very common in current day to day scenario. Till date different treatment modalities have been tried to reconstruct the orbital fractures. Conventionally various transorbital approaches have been used. But in cases where there is involvement of posterior part of orbit there is drawback of incomplete accessibility. To overcome this endoscopic assistance tends to get mandatory through trans-antral approach for better visualization, providing a good alternative to conventional approach.
Case Report: A 55-year-old male patient with pure blowout fracture along with persistent diplopia and enophthalmos was operated with sub tarsal approach along with trans antral approach using endoscope.
Result: The post-surgical results were satisfactory in respect to correction of diplopia and enophthalmos.
Conclusion: Conventional approach assisted with endoscope provides a new method of managing Orbital floor fractures improving treatment outcomes.
Elucidating the Risk Factors for Progression from Amyloid-Negative Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia
Authors: Kim Hyung-Ji , Lee Jae-Hong , Cheong E-nae , Chung Sung-Eun , Jo Sungyang , Shim Woo-Hyun , Hong Yun J. 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Amyloid PET allows for the assessment of amyloid β status in the brain, distinguishing
true Alzheimer’s disease from Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking conditions. Around 15-20%
of patients with clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease have been found to have no significant
Alzheimer’s pathology on amyloid PET. However, a limited number of studies had been conducted on
this subpopulation in terms of clinical progression.

Objective:
We investigated the risk factors that could affect the progression to dementia in patients
with amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods:
This study was a single-institutional, retrospective cohort study of patients over the age of 50
with amyloid-negative amnestic MCI who visited the memory clinic of Asan Medical Center with a
follow-up period of more than 36 months. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI), detailed neuropsychological testing, and fluorine-18[F18]-florbetaben amyloid PET.

Results:
During the follow-up period, 39 of 107 patients progressed to dementia from amnestic MCI.
In comparison with the stationary group, the progressed group had a more severe impairment in verbal
and visual episodic memory function and hippocampal atrophy, which showed an Alzheimer’s diseaselike
pattern despite the lack of evidence for significant Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Voxel-based
morphometric MRI analysis revealed that the progressed group had a reduced gray matter volume in
the bilateral cerebellar cortices, right temporal cortex, and bilateral insular cortices.

Conclusion:
Considering the lack of evidence of amyloid pathology, clinical progression of these subpopulation
may be caused by other neuropathologies such as TDP-43, abnormal tau or alpha synuclein
that lead to neurodegeneration independent of amyloid-driven pathway. Further prospective studies
incorporating biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking dementia are warranted.
Aneurysm of the Communicating Vein Between the Left Renal Vein and Left Ascending Lumbar Vein Mimicking Retroperitoneal Lymphadenopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Arslan Sevtap , Sarıkaya Yasin , Karcaaltincaba Musturay , Karaosmanoglu Ali D. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
Aneurysm of the communicating vein between the left renal vein and left
ascending lumbar vein is extremely rare, with only anecdotal reported cases. Unless detected and
recognized promptly, this rare condition may give rise to severe bleeding in patients undergoing
retroperitoneal surgery. It may also closely mimic enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes, paragangliomas,
adrenal masses, or renal artery aneurysms.

Case report:
In this case study, we reported the imaging findings of this rare entity which was falsely diagnosed as
enlarged retroperitoneal lymph node in an outside medical center, reported as to be consistent with metastatic disease, in a
patient with newly diagnosed testicular cancer.

Conclusion:
The aneurysm of the communicating vein should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with
testicular cancer and other disease processes where lymph nodes are commonly affected.
An Individual Cognitive Stimulation Therapy App for People With Dementia and Their Carers: Protocol for a Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rai Harleen Kaur , Schneider Justine , Orrell Martin 
Published: December 2020

Background
There is a need for more resources to support the cognition and quality of life of people with dementia. The individual cognitive stimulation therapy (iCST) app aims to provide cognitive stimulation and social interaction to people with dementia and carers through interactive touchscreen technology. The iCST app has been developed according to the principles of CST and iCST, which have previously shown to improve the cognition and quality of life of people with dementia and benefit the relationship between the person with dementia and his/her carer. The iCST app has also shown to improve the quality of the carer’s life.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the usability of the iCST app intervention and the feasibility of conducting a full-scale randomized controlled trial (RCT) to assess the clinical effectiveness of the iCST app intervention compared to that of treatment-as-usual for people with mild-to-moderate dementia.

Methods
We aim to recruit 60 people with mild-to-moderate dementia and their informal carers as dyads in a multi-center feasibility RCT with a treatment-as-usual control group. Both parties must be able to provide informed consent and participate in the intervention. Dyads will complete a baseline assessment that will include cognition and quality of life measures and they will subsequently be randomized (1:1) to the iCST app intervention in addition to usual care or to usual care only. All participants will be followed up at 5 weeks and at 11 weeks after the baseline assessments. A range of feasibility outcomes will be assessed, including recruitment and retention rates, intervention fidelity and usability, and acceptability of the outcome measures. A sample of the experimental group will be invited to a semistructured posttrial interview to further examine the experience of using the iCST app.

Results
This study received funding in May 2015 and obtained ethical approval in March 2018. Data collection began in November 2018 and was completed in March 2020 with a total of 61 dyads recruited. Data analyses are in progress and the final results are expected to be available in the spring of 2021.

Conclusions
This study will investigate whether it is feasible to conduct a full-scale RCT to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the iCST app in comparison to that of usual care alone. In addition, this study will examine the usability of the iCST app. The data will provide information on potential modifications to be made to the intervention, study design, and study process.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03282877; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03282877

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/24628
Changes in Carotid Intimal Medial Thickness (CIMT) With Glycaemic Control in Patients of T2DM
Authors: Sud Dr. Sanjay 
Published: December 2020

A real world long term (10 years) prospective randomized observational study to monitor changes in CIMT of T2DM patients who achieved the target glycaemic goal of HbA1c ≤ 7%, with those who did not achieve it. CIMT is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis associated with CVD risk factors. Hence any progression or regression of CIMT could be considered as increased or decreased risk of CVD as the case might be. This study was to ascertain if (keeping all other risk factors under control and at par in each group) a good glycaemic control could lead to a lower CIMT – leading to a lowering of CVD risk
The inclusion criteria was

Non – pregnant Adults (Age >18 years)
T2DM with HbA1c ≥ 8% at recruitment
Those who remained normotensive (B.P. ≤130/80 mm of Hg)
Those who maintained a normal Lipid profile
Those who had eGFR ≥ 60mL /min/1.73m2(CKD-EPI)
CIMT measurements done at recruitment and then once every year

Exclusions

Any requirement for hospitalization throughout the entire 10 year duration

The total number of patients who completed the follow up for the full ten years was 62.
CIMT of the CCAs were scanned with 7-10 MHz linear probe transducer under real time B mode imaging. The patients included in the study were divided into (Group A n = 32 and Group B n = 30)
Group A were those who could achieve the glycaemic target of HbA1c ≤ 7% by the end of the first year and were able to maintain the target for the major duration of the study.
Group B were those who did not achieve the glycaemic target of HbA1c ≤ 7% by the end of the first year of the study and had an average HbA1c of ≥ 7.5% for the major duration of the study
Results: The data at the end of ten year follow up showed that patients from
Group A had a mean CIMT of 0.79 mm at baseline and at the end of the study it was 0.75 mm
Group B had a mean CIMT of 0.81 mm at baseline at baseline and at the end of study period was 1.17 mm. (p<0.05)
A good glycaemic control can reduce the burden of CVD as an independent entity.
Te Utu
Authors: Collier Zayne 
Published: December 2020

Whangape, 1528, ko Korekore te whiwhia te maramataka.
Taiao and his army went hunting for birds and set snares. While they were there, Taiao saw the gutless pig, who killed his father twelve years ago. After Taiao saw Te Pō in the distance, he instructed his troops with his taiaha to stop and be stealthy. Taiao crouched under the cover of the bushes and watched, stalking Te Pō and his small ope.
While watching Te Pō, Taiao had intermittent, yet vivid flashbacks of the night his papa kāinga was attacked by Te Pō and his troops, 12 years ago.
Atenção primária no núcleo ampliado de saúde da família e o PET Interprofissionalidade
Authors: Perini Luciana , Augusto Isabella Andreola , Porfírio Maria Luiza Banks M. , Lucchesi Vanessa de Oliveira , Gabani Michelle , Bueno Roberto Eduardo , Mélo Tainá Ribas , Ribeiro Junior Evaldo 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O projeto 93, que está dividido em três equipes, envolve docentes e estudantes dos cursos de Saúde Coletiva, Serviço social e Educação física do setor Litoral da Universidade Federal do Paraná e diferentes profissões na preceptoria envolvida (psicologia, fonoaudiologia, fisioterapia, nutrição, serviço social). A partir de parceria com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Paranaguá/PR, cada equipe atua em uma região específica e unidade básica de saúde (UBS). Uma das atuações foi voltada ao Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família (NASF) da UBS do bairro Vila Garcia.¹ Objetivo: Relatar experiências e atividades desenvolvidas pela equipe junto ao NASF, buscando refletir sobre estas ações e quais impactos e transformações o isolamento social provocou. Metodologia: As ações foram pautadas nas Diretrizes do NASF assim como na Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (PNAISM) e em parceria com o Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS).² A equipe PET buscou conhecer as demandas e necessidades do público alvo, para então planejar e realizar parcerias para implementação, por meio de reuniões mensais entre tutores, preceptoras e estudantes, com contínua avaliação e readequação destas ações. Resultados: Antes da pandemia os encontros ocorriam semanalmente, com grupo voltado às mulheres, com atividades de promoção da saúde, principalmente com uso de práticas integrativas e complementares, por exemplo, execução de horta comunitária com o apoio da PUC e prática de exercícios (práticas corporais, Tai Chi Chuan); atividades de prevenção e conscientização sobre câncer de mama; e visitas ao campus da UFPR-Litoral. Adicionalmente, haviam visitas domiciliares periódicas junto às profissionais de Saúde e Assistência, permitindo uma análise das características e demandas do território.³ A partir do início da pandemia, adotou-se como estratégia grupos informativos no whatsapp. Inicialmente as interações eram relacionadas a informações sobre a pandemia, auxílios emergenciais e desmistificação de notícias falsas. Com o avanço do COVID-19 algumas informações se tornaram redundantes e foram retomadas as ações de promoção da saúde, com desafios envolvendo atividade física, alimentação e outras práticas de qualidade de vida, de forma remota. Considerações finais: Ficou evidente que as atividades presenciais possuem uma adesão maior se comparada com as virtuais. A imposição do distanciamento sublinhou a importância da interação social para a promoção de saúde na APS. Em relação às atividades virtuais, é necessário uma maior discussão, aprendizagem e elaboração de estratégias mais efetivas, a exemplo de atividades remotas síncronas.
Palavras-chave: Educação Interprofissional. Atenção Primária à Saúde. Saúde da Família. Saúde da Mulher.