bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Merging Data to Facilitate Analyses
Authors: Kelchen Robert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn order to demonstrate the value of higher education and evaluate the effectiveness of various policies and practices, researchers are increasingly expected to merge data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) with a range of other federal and private‐sector data sources. In this article, I detail a number of the most important higher education data sources and explain how to properly merge them in order to conduct analyses. I conclude by providing some examples of how researchers merged multiple datasets in order to conduct policy analyses.
Regulation of GATA1 levels in erythropoiesis
Authors: Gutiérrez Laura , Caballero Noemí , Fernández‐Calleja Luis , Karkoulia Elena , Strouboulis John 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGATA1 is considered as the “master” transcription factor in erythropoiesis. It regulates at the transcriptional level all aspects of erythroid maturation and function, as revealed by gene knockout studies in mice and by genome‐wide occupancies in erythroid cells. The GATA1 protein contains two zinc finger domains and an N‐terminal transactivation domain. GATA1 translation results in the production of the full‐length protein and of a shorter variant (GATA1s) lacking the N‐terminal transactivation domain, which is functionally deficient in supporting erythropoiesis. GATA1 protein abundance is highly regulated in erythroid cells at different levels, including transcription, mRNA translation, posttranslational modifications, and protein degradation, in a differentiation‐stage‐specific manner. Maintaining high GATA1 protein levels is essential in the early stages of erythroid maturation, whereas downregulating GATA1 protein levels is a necessary step in terminal erythroid differentiation. The importance of maintaining proper GATA1 protein homeostasis in erythropoiesis is demonstrated by the fact that both GATA1 loss and its overexpression result in lethal anemia. Importantly, alterations in any of those GATA1 regulatory checkpoints have been recognized as an important cause of hematological disorders such as dyserythropoiesis (with or without thrombocytopenia), β‐thalassemia, Diamond–Blackfan anemia, myelodysplasia, or leukemia. In this review, we provide an overview of the multilevel regulation of GATA1 protein homeostasis in erythropoiesis and of its deregulation in hematological disease.
In vivo corrosion and damages in modular shoulder prostheses
Authors: Crackau Maria , Märtens Nicole , Harnisch Karsten , Berth Alexander , Döring Joachim , Lohmann Christoph H. , Halle Thorsten , Bertrand Jessica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWear and corrosion at taper junctions of orthopaedic endoprostheses remain of great concern and are associated with adverse clinical reactions. Whereas tribocorrosion of hip tapers was extensively investigated, there is only little knowledge regarding the clinical performance of modular total shoulder prostheses. This retrieval study evaluated 35 modular taper junctions of anatomical shoulder explants using stereomicroscopy, confocal microscopy, as well as optical and scanning electron microscopy to determine the damage modes as well as the effects of taper topography and alloy microstructure. Among all humeral head tapers, 89% exhibited material degradation. Different overlapping wear mechanisms were identified such as plastic deformation, adhesive material transfer, microploughing, and fretting damage. Only CoCrMo cast alloy heads showed a susceptibility to electrochemically dominated fretting in comparison to CoCrMo wrought alloy. Moreover, corundum blasted stem tapers show a significantly increased incidence rate for microploughing. To date, this is the most comprehensive study on the damage types of modular taper junctions of anatomical shoulder arthroplasty proving the existence of fretting even on less weight‐bearing implants. This study revealed critical fretting factors, such as the surface finish and the alloy type that are essential for the development of countermeasures that avoid any taper corrosion.
Influence of high temperature diffusion bonding process parameters on mechanical and metallurgical characteristics of nickel superalloy to martensitic stainless steel
Authors: Arun Negemiya Arulsamy , Rajakumar Selvarajan , Balasubramanian Visvalingam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWelding of dissimilar metals is challenging because of the formation of microfissuring, strain age cracking and brittle intermetallic compounds. The above‐said problems can be avoided by controlled heating and cooling rates and the formation of beneficial intermetallic layers in the joint interface using solid‐state welding techniques such as diffusion bonding. This study investigates, the effect of diffusion bonding process parameters of dissimilar metals (AISI 410 martensitic stainless steel and nickel [Su 718] based superalloy). Fifteen joints were fabricated using different levels of bonding temperature (920–1,000°C), bonding pressure (10–18 MPa) and holding time (30–90 min). From this investigation, it is identified that joints fabricated at bonding temperature 980°C, bonding pressure 16 MPa and holding time 75 min yielded an extreme tensile strength (263 MPa) and hardness (450 HV) compared to the other joints. The tensile properties of the welded joints were assessed and associated with the microstructures. Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis were used to estimate the metallurgical characteristics of the weldment. The EDS examination was supported out to analyses the interface composition and to decide the composition at the interface. Furthermore, a lot of δ phase precipitates were likewise found in the bonded region.
New fully automated gas chromatographic analysis of urinary S‐phenylmercapturic acid in isotopic dilution using negative chemical ionization with isobutane as reagent gas
Authors: Dugheri Stefano , Mucci Nicola , Cappelli Giovanni , Bonari Alessandro , Campagna Marcello , Arcangeli Giulio , Bartolucci Gianluca 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe determination of urinary S‐phenylmercapturic acid (S‐PMA) represents the most reliable biomarker to monitor the intake risk of airborne benzene. Recently, the European Chemical Agency deliberated new occupational exposure limits for benzene and recommended an S‐PMA biological limit value of 2‐μg/g creatinine. This limit is an order of magnitude lower than the previous one, and its determination constitutes a challenge in the analytical field. We developed and validated a method that allows the fully automated and sensitive determination of S‐PMA by the use of gas‐chromatography negative chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry in isotopic dilution. For negative chemical ionization, we selected a mixture of 1% isobutane in argon as reactive gas, by studying its chemical ionization mechanism and optimal parameters compared with pure isobutane or pure methane. This gas mixture produces a more abundant signal of the target analyte than isobutane or methane, and it extended the operative lifetime of the ion source, enabling us to start a high‐throughput approach of the S‐PMA analysis. Moreover, energy‐resolved mass spectrometry experiments were carried out to refine the MS/MS analysis conditions, testing nitrogen and argon as collision gases. The method optimization was pursued by a chemometric model by using the experimental design. The quantification limit for S‐PMA was 0.10 μg/L. Accuracy (between 98.3% and 99.6%) and precision (ranging from 1.6% to 6.4%) were also evaluated. In conclusion, the newly developed assay represents a powerful tool for the robust, reliable, and sensitive quantification of urinary S‐PMA, and because of its automation, it is well suited for application in large environmental and biological monitoring.
Crosstalk between miR‐215 and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition specific markers (E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin) in different stages of chronic HCV Infection
Authors: Omran Nermeen M. , El‐Sherbini Sherif M. , Hegazy Osama , Elshaarawy Ahmed A. , Talaat Roba M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe main causes of death among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are a recurrence, metastasis, and deterioration of primary tumors by the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) which is controlled by several molecules including E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin. Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) have been identified to play a regulatory role in EMT. miR‐215 is important in repressing migration/invasion of cancer cells. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the crosstalk between miR‐215 and EMT specific markers (E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin) with a spotlight on its role in the EMT process in hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients. One hundred forty‐five patients were studied, 75 had HCV‐induced cirrhosis classified into child A, B, and C and 25 had HCC. In parallel, 45 healthy volunteers considered as controls. Serum levels of E‐ and N‐cadherin were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and miR‐215 expression measured by a quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Insignificant change in serum levels of E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin in HCV‐infected patients compared with normal controls was observed with a slight increase in E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin in the child B group. HCC patients had the lowest amount of E‐cadherin and N‐cadherin compared with cirrhotic and normal subjects. A maximum reduction in miR‐215 was observed in HCC patients compared with cirrhotic and control ones. A positive correlation (r = .202; P < .05) was observed between miR‐215 and E‐cadherin. Our data stressed on the potential role of miR‐215 as an important mediator in HCC progression. miRNAs participating in EMT needs further studies to provide insight into the metastasis of HCC.
Long time series spatialized data for urban climatological studies: A case study of Paris, France
Authors: Le Roy Benjamin , Lemonsu Aude , Kounkou‐Arnaud Raphaëlle , Brion Denis , Masson Valéry 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHistorically, the urban climate and its interaction with regional environment and larger‐scale meteorological phenomena have been studied by comparing weather stations in urban and surrounding rural areas. Nevertheless, spatialized meteorological data are now available with different spatial resolutions, temporal frequencies, and time depths. Here with the Paris area as a case study, three products were selected for their comparable spatial resolution of 1 km, their daily frequency, and a minimum 15‐year time period with substantial common overlap: the MODIS products for land surface temperature (2000–2016), daily maps of minimum and maximum 2‐m air temperatures (2000–2017) based on a statistical method of spatialization, and the COMEPHORE analysis for precipitation (1997–2012). Several spatialized indicators were used to monitor the urban climate and its impact on local climate. The intensity and spatial extent of both the surface urban heat island (SUHI) and the urban heat island of urban canopy layer (UHI), as well as the effect of the city on precipitation, were characterized. Based on these indicators, a climatological study was made for the Paris urban area and its surroundings. The comparison of (S)UHI climatologies showed that both phenomena (qualified by their intensity and spatial extent) have comparable seasonalities and orders of magnitude at night. The maximum intensity is reached in July, with more than 60% of the city affected by high temperatures. However, the phenomena differ during the day: the SUHI is mostly driven by the differences in surface properties between urban and rural environments, whereas the UHI is more influenced by general wind circulation and local atmospheric turbulence. Finally, the COMEPHORE analysis highlighted the influence of the Paris urban area on rainfall. It is observed throughout the year with an excess in daily precipitation of 29% downwind of the city, with some seasonal variability showing a more pronounced effect in summer.
Deletion of Runx1 in osteoclasts impairs murine fracture healing through progressive woven bone loss and delayed cartilage remodeling
Authors: Paglia David N. , Diaz‐Hernandez Martha E. , Roberts Joseph L. , Kalinowski Judy , Lorenzo Joseph , Drissi Hicham 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTConditional deletion of the transcription factor Runt‐related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) in myeloid osteoclast precursors promotes osteoclastogenesis and subsequent bone loss. This study posits whether Runx1 regulates clastic cell‐mediated bone and cartilage resorption in the fracture callus. We first generated mice, in which Runx1 was conditionally abrogated in osteoclast precursors (LysM‐Cre;Runx1F/F; Runx1 cKO). Runx1 cKO and control mice were then subjected to experimental mid‐diaphyseal femoral fractures. Our study found differential resorption of bony and calcified cartilage callus matrix by osteoclasts and chondroclasts within Runx1 cKO calluses, with increased early bony callus resorption and delayed calcified cartilage resorption. There was an increased number of osteoclasts and chondroclasts in the chondro‐osseous junction of Runx1 cKO calluses starting at day 11 post‐fracture, with minimal woven bone occupying the callus at day 18 post‐fracture. LysM‐Cre;Runx1F/F mutant mice had increased bone compliance at day 28, but their strength and work to failure were comparable with controls. Taken together, these results indicate that Runx1 is a critical transcription factor in controlling osteoclastogenesis that negatively regulates bone and cartilage resorption in the fracture callus. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:1007‐1015, 2020
Towards eco‐friendly secondary plant metabolite quantitation: Ultra high performance supercritical fluid chromatography applied to common vervain (Verbena officinalis L.)
Authors: Gibitz‐Eisath Nora , Eichberger Miriam , Gruber Regina , Seger Christoph , Sturm Sonja , Stuppner Hermann 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis report presents the first ultra high performance supercritical fluid chromatography diode array detector based assay for simultaneous determination of iridoid glucosides, flavonoid glucuronides, and phenylpropanoid glycosides in Verbena officinalis (Verbenaceae) extracts. Separation of the key metabolites was achieved in less than 7 min on an Acquity UPC2 Torus Diol column using a mobile phase gradient comprising subcritical carbon dioxide and methanol with 0.15% phosphoric acid. Method validation for seven selected marker compounds (hastatoside, verbenalin, apigenin‐7‐O‐glucuronide, luteolin‐7‐O‐glucuronide, apigenin‐7‐O‐diglucuronide, verbascoside, and luteolin‐7‐O‐diglucuronide) confirmed the assay to be sensitive, linear, precise, and accurate. Head‐to‐head comparison to an ultra high performance liquid chromatography comparator assay did prove the high orthogonality of the methods. Quantitative result equivalence was evaluated by Passing‐Bablok‐correlation and Bland‐Altman‐plot analysis. This cross‐validation revealed, that one of the investigated marker compound peaks was contaminated in the ultra high performance liquid chromatography assay by a structurally related congener. Taken together, it was proven that the ultra high performance supercritical fluid chromatography instrument setup with its orthogonal selectivity is a true alternative to conventional reversed phase liquid chromatography in quantitative secondary metabolite analysis. For regulatory purposes, assay cross‐validation with highly orthogonal methods seems a viable approach to avoid analyte overestimation due to coeluting, analytically indistinguishable contaminants.
Biosurfactant trehalose lipid‐enhanced ultrasound‐assisted micellar extraction and determination of the main antioxidant compounds from functional plant tea
Authors: Du Kun‐ze , Li Jin , Wang Lanhui , Hao Jia , Yang Xue‐jing , Gao Xiu‐mei , Chang Yan‐xu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHydrosoluble trehalose lipid (a biosurfactant) was employed for the first time as a green extraction solution to extract the main antioxidant compounds (geniposidic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin) from functional plant tea (Eucommia ulmoides leaves). Single‐factor tests and response surface methodology were employed to optimize the extraction conditions for ultrasound‐assisted micellar extraction combined with ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography in succession. A Box‐Behnken design (three‐level, three‐factorial) was used to determine the effects of extraction solvent concentration (1–5 mg/mL), extraction solvent volume (5–15 mL), and extraction time (20–40 min) at a uniform ultrasonic power and temperature. In consequence, the best analyte extraction yields could be attained when the trehalose lipid solution concentration was prepared at 3 mg/mL, the trehalose lipid solution volume was 10 mL and the extraction time was set to 35 min. In addition, the recoveries of the antioxidants from Eucommia ulmoides leaves analyzed by this analytical method ranged from 98.2 to 102%. These results indicated that biosurfactant‐enhanced ultrasound‐assisted micellar extraction coupled with a simple ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography method could be effectively applied in the extraction and analysis of antioxidants from Eucommia ulmoides leaf samples.
Does Salivary Function Decrease in Proportion to Radioiodine Dose?
Authors: Kim Ji Won , Kim Jeong Mi , Choi Mi Eun , Kim Seok‐Ki , Kim Young‐Mo , Choi Jeong‐Seok 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThis study was conducted to investigate the dose‐response characteristics of radioiodine on salivary glands and to investigate the mechanism responsible for radioiodine‐induced salivary glands toxicity.MethodsTwenty‐four mice were divided into six groups: 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, and 0.80 mCi/20 g mouse, administered orally. Mortalities were noted 12 months after radioiodine administration. Body weights, gland weights, salivary lag times, flow rates, and changes in 99mTc pertechnetate were recorded. Histopathological changes and mRNA expressions were also evaluated, and immunohistochemical analysis and apoptotic assays were performed.ResultsSurvival rates, body weights, gland weights, and flow rates decreased, and lag times increased on increasing radioiodine dose. Animals administered radioiodine showed acinar atrophy, striated duct dilations, and lymphocytic infiltration in glands and irregular destruction of epithelial surfaces of tongue. The uptake and excretion of 99mTc pertechnetate were impaired by radioiodine. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that numbers of salivary epithelial, myoepithelial, and endothelial cells decreased and that numbers of ductal cells increased with radioiodine dose. Oxidative stress biomarker levels increased; reactive oxygen species scavenger levels decreased; and numbers of apoptotic cells increased in animals exposed to higher radioiodine doses.ConclusionThese dose‐related, long‐term effects on salivary gland should be taken into account when determining radioiodine doses.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 130:2173–2178, 2020
Computer Mouse Use Captures Ataxia and Parkinsonism, Enabling Accurate Measurement and Detection
Authors: Gajos Krzysztof Z. , Reinecke Katharina , Donovan Mary , Stephen Christopher D. , Hung Albert Y. , Schmahmann Jeremy D. , Gupta Anoopum S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundObjective assessments of movement impairment are needed to support clinical trials and facilitate diagnosis. The objective of the current study was to determine if a rapid web‐based computer mouse test (Hevelius) could detect and accurately measure ataxia and parkinsonism.MethodsNinety‐five ataxia, 46 parkinsonism, and 29 control participants and 229,017 online participants completed Hevelius. We trained machine‐learning models on age‐normalized Hevelius features to (1) measure severity and disease progression and (2) distinguish phenotypes from controls and from each other.ResultsRegression model estimates correlated strongly with clinical scores (from r = 0.66 for UPDRS dominant arm total to r = 0.83 for the Brief Ataxia Rating Scale). A disease change model identified ataxia progression with high sensitivity. Classification models distinguished ataxia or parkinsonism from healthy controls with high sensitivity (≥0.91) and specificity (≥0.90).ConclusionsHevelius produces a granular and accurate motor assessment in a few minutes of mouse use and may be useful as an outcome measure and screening tool. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Alcohol Intake and Parkinson's Disease Risk in the Million Women Study
Authors: Kim Iris Y. , Yang TienYu Owen , Heath Alicia K. , Simpson Rachel F. , Reeves Gillian K. , Green Jane , Floud Sarah , Brown Anna , Hunter David J. , Beral Valerie , Sweetland Siân ,   on behalf of the Million Women Study Collaborators
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlcohol intake may be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease (PD), but findings from previous studies have been inconclusive.OBJECTIVETo determine the association between alcohol intake and PD risk in the Million Women Study, a large, prospective study of women in the UK.METHODSBetween 1996 and 2001, approximately 1.3 million women in the UK, mean age 56 (standard deviation, 5) years, were recruited into the Million Women Study. Information on alcohol intake, lifestyle factors, and medical history was collected at recruitment by questionnaire. Information on incident cases of PD was ascertained by record linkage to national hospital admission records and death registrations. We estimated multivariable‐adjusted relative risks and corresponding 95% confidence intervals using Cox proportional hazards models according to categories of alcohol intake.RESULTSDuring an average of 17.9 years of follow‐up, 11,009 women had a new record of PD among 1,309,267 women. In drinkers, the multivariable‐adjusted relative risk comparing women who drank more than 14 drinks of alcohol per week with women who drank 1 to 2 drinks of alcohol per week was 0.99 (95% confidence interval: 0.90, 1.10). Results did not materially change after excluding the first 10 years of follow‐up (relative riskadjusted = 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 0.90, 1.13). There were no significant trends in alcohol‐related PD risk among never smokers. Additionally, examining this association by type of alcohol intake also yielded null findings.CONCLUSIONThese results do not support an association between alcohol intake and PD risk in women. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.