bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hornbill abundance and breeding incidence in relation to habitat modification and fig fruit availability
Authors: Pawar Pooja Yashwant , Mudappa Divya , Raman T. R. Shankar 
Published: October 2020

Asian hornbills are known to forage and breed in fragmented rainforests and agroforestry plantations in human‐modified landscapes adjoining contiguous protected forests. However, the factors influencing year‐round hornbill abundance, demography and tracking of key food resources such as wild figFicusfruits in modified habitats and protected forests remain poorly understood. We carried out monthly surveys of two species of high conservation concern, the Vulnerable Great Hornbill (GH,Buceros bicornis) and the endemic Malabar Grey Hornbill (MGH,Ocyceros griseus) for 15 months and monitored ripe fig fruit availability for 12 months along 11 line transects (total length 24 km) in shade‐coffee plantations and adjoining continuous rainforests in a protected area (PA) in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India. Both hornbill species used plantations and the PA year‐round but distance sampling density estimates were higher in the PA in both nesting (GH by 57%; MGH by 50%) and non‐nesting (GH by 53%; MGH by 144%) seasons. Relative to estimates from 2004 to 2005, mean GH density appeared stable or increasing, whereas MGH had declined by 39% in the PA and by 56% in plantations. Monthly encounter rate of both hornbills tended to be higher in the PA and that of MGH was also positively related to the density of fig trees with ripe fruit. Sex ratios of observed adult birds in the non‐nesting season were relatively even (GH) or slightly female‐biased (MGH), but became male‐biased in both species during the nesting season when females were confined in tree‐cavity nests. We used change in the adult sex ratio of observed birds from the non‐nesting to nesting season to estimate an index of the proportion of adult pairs breeding at any point within the season, providing the first such estimates for any hornbill species. The proportion of breeding pairs was higher in the PA (GH – 56%, MGH – 64%) than in the plantations (GH – 33%, MGH – 30%). Although hornbills use shade‐coffee plantations year‐round, partly due to fig fruit availability, differences in hornbill density and breeding incidence, as assessed from the sex ratios of observed adult birds, indicate that plantations are a sub‐optimal habitat for both species.
Non‐random sampling along rural–urban gradients may reduce reliability of multi‐species farmland bird indicators and their trends
Authors: Husby Magne , Hoset Katrine S. , Butler Simon 
Published: October 2020

The continued global biodiversity crisis necessitates the continuation and development of new well‐designed monitoring strategies and action plans with particular focus on under‐represented countries and regions. However, limited resources in terms of budget and availability of qualified field personnel can restrict the geographical coverage of monitoring efforts. Focusing monitoring efforts on a representative subset of species and locations can improve cost‐efficiency. Optimal performance of multi‐species indicators derived from such an approach requires objective methods for species selection and a sampling design that reduces inherent sampling bias caused by regional differences in habitat availability or accessibility. To explore the performance of a multi‐species indicator across different regions within a nation, we developed a multi‐species indicator (MSI) for farmland birds in Norway using objective niche‐based selection of species. We compare the performance of this indicator at national and regional scales (Central and East regions) in Norway, and between urban and rural sites within regions. The seven‐species indicator obtained from the species selection provided similar indicator values and trends for Norway and the Central and East regions, as well as for rural sites within the combined Central + East region. All trends were defined as showing moderate decline from 2007–2016. Urban sites within the combined Central + East region provided trend estimates that showed stronger decline than rural areas in the same region during the time span. Our results emphasize the need to control for sampling bias when structuring monitoring programmes such as a Breeding Bird Survey (BBS). This is especially important if limited resources restrict the geographical coverage of the monitoring scheme. We recommend that monitoring schemes follow a stratified random sampling design that represents both the availability of different land cover types and their distribution with regard to proximity to highly populated areas. If that is not possible, statistically weighting data from different regions or landscapes is likely to be necessary.
In vitro antihypertensive activity of bioactive peptides derived from porcine blood corpuscle and plasma proteins
Authors: Aiemratchanee Panida , Panyawechamontri Kulachatr , Phaophu Phutthaphorn , Reamtong Onrapak , Panbangred Watanalai 
Published: October 2020

SummaryNew bioactive peptides with antihypertensive property from red blood corpuscle (RBC) and plasma (PL) hydrolysate fractions of porcine blood were identified. Three peptides with the highest Angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity from RBC, including RBC7 (TPYPCV), RBC15 (VVYPWR) and RBC9 (FLCT), showed IC50 values of 2.58 ± 0.87, 5.22 ± 2.56 and 6.53 ± 0.34 µm, respectively. By comparison, PL1 (YTFPFH), PL2 (WGHGNPHV) and PL7 (VPLW) from PL displayed higher IC50 values at 24.12 ± 2.44, 15.33 ± 0.44 and 32.80 ± 38.96 µm, respectively. Molecular docking was employed to simulate the interactions of RBC7 and RBC15 with the catalytic site of the ACE receptor. RBC7 and RBC15 interacted with residues in the ACE receptor that normally coordinated with Zn(II), and RBC7 also interacted extensively with residues within S1, S2 and S’1 active sites. Taken together, these results illustrate that porcine blood is an excellent source of antihypertensive peptides and could be of great benefits to people with high blood pressure.
Identification of critical versus robust processing unit operations determining the physical and biochemical properties of cassava‐based semolina (gari)
Authors: Escobar Andrés , Rondet Eric , Dahdouh Layal , Ricci Julien , Akissoé Noël , Dufour Dominique , Tran Thierry , Cuq Bernard , Delalonde Michèle 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe gari‐making process involves several unit operations (U.O.), some of which strongly influence the quality of the end product. Two contrasting process scales (laboratory‐scale vs conventional) were compared in order to identify which U.O. were affected by the change of scale. U.O. that changed end‐product characteristics depending on process scale were deemed critical; whereas U.O. that resulted in similar characteristics were deemed robust. The classification depended on quality attributes considered: rasping and roasting were critical for physical properties, in particular particle size which ranged from 0.44 to 0.89 mm between the two process scales; and robust for biochemical properties. In contrast, fermentation and pressing were critical for biochemical properties such as lactic acid content (0.93–1.88 g/100 g dry matter after pressing), which influences the perception of flavour, and robust for physical properties. This classification between critical and robust operations help quality control of gari, by pinpointing which U.O. control specific quality characteristics.
Conceptual Design, Sin and the Affordances of Doctrine
Authors: Reichel Hanna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSystematic Theology harnesses the best modern reason has to offer for a coherent and rational presentation of Christian faith. Constructive Theologies point to the contextual nature of all theology, and criticize systematicity’s unexamined bias and complicity in structural injustice and oppression. Moving beyond epistemic incommensurability and mutual imputations, this article presents one Systematic Theologian’s attempt to understand such criticism as pointing to the insurmountable implication of theology in epistemological sin. Drawing on the architectural metaphor in construction and system‐building, it proposes a new understanding of theological work as conceptual design, responsibly ordering and structuring given materials for a purpose. It thus has to account for the actual use, material effects and fit with environmental requirements of its doctrinal design. Aspiring to a more realistic adaequatio ad rem thus necessitates an expansion of theology’s critical standards to encompass not only cognitive and logical criteria, but also the practical effects and uses of doctrine in an ethic of affordances. Finally, ‘queer use’ effectively expresses how both the lives of real human beings and the reality of God will never fit into conceptual logics nor be exhausted by whatever current use we attribute to them.
The state of mixed methods research in nursing: A focused mapping review and synthesis
Authors: Irvine Fiona E. , Clark Maria T. , Efstathiou Nikolaos , Herber Oliver R. , Howroyd Fiona , Gratrix Lesley , Sammut Dana , Trumm Aile , Hanssen Tove A. , Taylor Julie , Bradbury‐Jones Caroline 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsTo consider the scope and quality of mixed methods research in nursing.DesignFocused mapping review and synthesis (FMRS).Data sourcesFive purposively selected journals: International Journal of Nursing Studies, Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Journal of Advanced Nursing, Worldviews on Evidence‐Based Nursing, and Journal of Mixed Methods Research.Review methodsIn the target journals, titles and abstracts from papers published between 2015–2018 were searched for the words or derivative words ‘mixed methods’. Additional keyword searches were undertaken using each journal's search tool. We included studies that investigated nursing and reported to use a mixed methods approach. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were read in full and information was extracted onto a predetermined pro forma. Findings across journals were then synthesized to illustrate the current state of mixed methods research in nursing.ResultsWe located 34 articles that reported on mixed methods research, conducted across 18 countries. Articles differed significantly both within and across journals in terms of conformity to a mixed methods approach. We assessed the studies for the quality of their reporting as regard the use of mixed methods. Nineteen studies were rated as satisfactory or good, with 15 rated as poorly described. Primarily, a poor rating was due to the absence of stating an underpinning methodological approach to the study and/or limited detail of a crucial integration phase.ConclusionsOur FMRS revealed a paucity of published mixed methods research in the journals selected. When they are published, there are limitations in the detail given to the underpinning methodological approach and theoretical explanation.
Internet‐based support program on parenting outcomes for Chinese primiparous women: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zheng Xujuan , Huang Lingling , Fang Qiyu , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yao , Li Xilin , Ye Ziwen , Wang Qun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effects of internet‐based support program for primiparous women in terms of improving the levels of maternal self‐efficacy, social support, and satisfaction; and reducing their postpartum depression symptoms.DesignA single‐blinded, multicentre, randomized, controlled, parallel‐group pre‐test and repeated post‐test design.MethodsBased on the self‐efficacy theory and the social exchange theory, the internet‐based support program has five modules: (a) learning forum of parenting knowledge and skills; (b) communication forum; (c) ask‐the‐expert forum; (d) baby home forum; and (e) reminder forum. Primiparous women will be recruited in the obstetric wards of two university‐affiliated hospitals in China. The participants (N = 258) will be randomly allocated to the intervention group that receive routine care and access to the internet‐based support program and the control group that receive routine care during the 3 months postpartum. Maternal self‐efficacy, social support, and postpartum depression symptoms will be measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention (post‐test 1) and 3 months after the intervention (post‐test 2). The study was funded in January 2018 and was ethically approved in May 2020.DiscussionIf the internet‐based support program has positive outcomes, it will contribute to the scientific and practical knowledge of nursing interventions to support primiparous women on parenting; and could become the routine health care for health professionals to enhance parenting ability and mental well‐being of new mothers.ImpactAs the first RCT study on parenting outcomes using a rigorous research design and a theoretical framework in China, this research will contribute to evidence on the effectiveness of using internet platform to support women after childbirth. The results could help to advance research about the use of internet‐based intervention methods to improve women's maternal self‐efficacy, social support, satisfaction, and to alleviate depression symptoms.Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2000033154
Developing and testing of an integrative theoretical model to predict positive aspects of caregiving among family caregivers of persons with dementia: A study protocol
Authors: Yu Doris S. F. , Cheng Sheung‐Tak , Kwok Timothy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim is to develop and test an integrative model based on the stress and coping paradigm and the existential paradigm, to explain positive aspects of caregiving among family caregivers of persons with dementia.DesignA mixed method research, comprises a longitudinal exploratory study and a descriptive qualitative study.MethodsA total of 370 family caregivers will be recruited from community elderly centres. Questionnaires on positive aspects of caregiving and its predictors (including active dementia management strategies, meaning‐focused coping, and self‐efficacy) and contextual factors (including social support, religiosity, continuous good dyadic relationship quality, and intrinsic motivation towards caregiving) will be administered. Positive aspects of caregiving will be reassessed six months later. Path analysis will be used to test the hypothesized model. A subsample of 30 family caregivers will be interviewed individually to explore how positive aspects of caregiving develop from the caregiving experience. Inductive thematic analysis will be used to for the qualitative data analysis. The funding was approved in January 2018.DiscussionPositive aspects of caregiving represents the extent to which the caregiving experience is seen as enriching an individual's life space and resulted in health protective effects. With the increasing evidence to indicate its associating factors, it is imperative to identify the theoretical model to comprehensively elucidate the process for its development.ImpactTheoretically, this study will advance the knowledge of dementia caregiving by generating a comprehensive theory‐driven predictive model to explain how positive aspects of caregiving is developed among the family caregivers. In terms of nursing practice, the findings can inform the development of intervention to improve positive aspects of caregiving and thereby acts as a catalyst to promote the paradigm shift from ‘reducing limitations’ to ‘optimizing strengths’ in family caregivers support services.
Measuring nurses' health policy participation: WSPPIR instrument development and psychometric evaluation
Authors: Waddell Ashley 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo measure nurses' health policy participation by developing and psychometrically testing the Waddell Spectrum for Policy Participation Influence and Research (WSPPIR) Instrument.DesignInstrument development; based on a nursing conceptual framework.MethodsThis four‐phase study was conducted in 2018 to estimate content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency reliability of the WSPPIR instrument. Phase 1– item generation for the multi‐dimensional concept of health policy participation as described in WSPPIR theory. Phase 2– a content validity index was calculated based on ratings by seven experts. Phase 3– cognitive interviews of five nurses. Phase 4– 306 Registered Nurses completed the WSPPIR instrument. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify and to estimate construct validity, Cronbach's alpha was calculated to estimate internal consistency reliability.ResultsThe 38‐item WSPPIR Instrument consists of five subscales (Professional Nursing Organizations; Health Care Delivery Systems: Organizations that Deliver Health Care Services; Governance Levels: City/Town, State, National, Global; Valuing Health and Policy; Influence Skills) and exhibits adequate estimates of reliability and content and construct validity, as a measure nurses' health policy participation.ConclusionAs efforts to enhance nurses' health policy participation continue globally, the WSPPIR instrument should be useful in measuring individual nurses' health policy participation and benchmarking health policy participation for the nursing profession at large.ImpactThe WSPPIR instrument will be useful to individual nurses, educators, and the profession as we work to systematically and strategically increase nurses' participation in and influence on health policy.
Knowledge mobilization in bridging patient‐practitioner‐researcher boundaries: A systematic integrative review
Authors: Appleby Ben , Cowdell Fiona , Booth Andrew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo review when, how, and in what context knowledge mobilization (KMb) has crossed patient‐practitioner‐researcher boundaries.BackgroundKMb is essential in contemporary health care, yet little is known about how patients are engaged.DesignIntegrative review.Data sourcesTen academic databases and grey literature.Review methodsWe followed integrative review methodology to identify publications from 2006–2019 which contributed to understanding of cross‐boundary KMb. We extracted data using a bespoke spreadsheet and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) framework. We used meta‐summary to organize key findings.ResultsThirty‐three papers collectively provide new insights into ‘when’ and ‘how’ KMb has crossed patient‐researcher‐practitioner boundaries and the impact this has achieved. Knowledge is mobilized to improve care, promote health, or prevent ill health. Most studies focus on creating or re‐shaping knowledge to make it more useful. Knowledge is mobilized in small community groups, in larger networks, and intervention studies. Finding the right people to engage in activities is crucial, as activities can be demanding and time‐consuming. Devolving power to communities and using local people to move knowledge can be effective. Few studies report definitive outcomes of KMb.ConclusionCross‐boundary KMb can and does produce new and shared knowledge for health care. Positive outcomes can be achieved using diverse public engagement strategies. KMb process and theory is an emerging discipline, further research is needed on effective cross‐boundary working and on measuring the impact of KMb.ImpactThis review provides new and nuanced understandings of how KMb theory has been used to bridge patient‐researcher‐practitioner boundaries. We have assessed ‘how’, ‘when’, and in what context patients, practitioners and researchers have attempted to mobilize knowledge and identified impact. We have developed a knowledge base about good practice and what can and potentially should be avoided in cross‐boundary KMb.
Effects of family nursing conversations on families in home health care: A controlled before‐and‐after study
Authors: Broekema Susanne , Paans Wolter , Roodbol Petrie F. , Luttik Marie Louise A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the effects of family nursing conversations on family caregiver burden, patients’ quality of life, family functioning and the amount of professional home health care.DesignA controlled before‐and‐after design.MethodsIntervention group families participated in two family nursing conversations incorporated in home health care; control group families received usual home health care. Patients and family members completed a set of questionnaires on entering the study and 6 months later to assess family caregiver burden, family functioning and patients’ quality of life. The amount of home health care was extracted from patient files. Data were collected between January 2018–June 2019.ResultsData of 51 patients (mean age 80; 47% male) and 61 family members (mean age 67; 38% male) were included in the results. Family caregiver burden remained stable in the intervention group whereas it increased in the control group. Family functioning improved significantly compared with the control group for patients and family members in the intervention group. No significant effects on patients’ quality of life emerged. The amount of professional home health care decreased significantly in the intervention group whereas it remained equal in the control group.ConclusionFamily nursing conversations prevented family caregiver burden, improved family functioning, but did not affect patients’ quality of life. In addition, the amount of home health care decreased following the family nursing conversations.ImpactCountries with ageing populations seek to reduce professional and residential care and therefore encourage family caregiving. Intensive family caregiving, however, places families at risk for caregiver burden which may lead to increased professional care and admission into residential care. This study demonstrates that family nursing conversations help nurses to prevent family caregiver burden and improve family functioning while decreasing the amount of home health care.
MR‐guided pulsed focused ultrasound improves mesenchymal stromal cell homing to the myocardium
Authors: Jang Kee W. , Tu Tsang‐Wei , Rosenblatt Robert B. , Burks Scott R. , Frank Joseph A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractImage‐guided pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) is a non‐invasive technique that can increase tropism of intravenously (IV)‐infused mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) to sonicated tissues. MSC have shown promise for cardiac regenerative medicine strategies but can be hampered by inefficient homing to the myocardium. This study sonicated the left ventricles (LV) in rats with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided pFUS and examined both proteomic responses and subsequent MSC tropism to treated myocardium. T2‐weighted MRI was used for pFUS targeting of the entire LV. pFUS increased numerous pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and trophic factors and cell adhesion molecules in the myocardial microenvironment for up to 48 hours post‐sonication. Cardiac troponin I and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide were elevated in the serum and myocardium. Immunohistochemistry revealed transient hypoxia and immune cell infiltration in pFUS‐targeted regions. Myocardial tropism of IV‐infused human MSC following pFUS increased twofold‐threefold compared with controls. Proteomic and histological changes in myocardium following pFUS suggested a reversible inflammatory and hypoxic response leading to increased tropism of MSC. MR‐guided pFUS could represent a non‐invasive modality to improve MSC therapies for cardiac regenerative medicine approaches.