bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Cinnamic Acid and Cinnamaldehyde, as Bio-Based Molecules, in Organic Synthesis and Preparation of Biologically Active Compounds
Authors: Zalivatskaya Anna S. , Zakusilo Dmitriy N. , Vasilyev Aleksander V. 
Published: December 2020

:
Cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde may be obtained from renewable plant bio-mass, Cinnamon plants, therefore
these compounds should be considered as bio-based platform chemicals for synthesis of novel substances. This review
describes recent achievements in organic synthesis based on transformations of cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid and its
derivatives, focusing, mainly, on the preparation of biologically active compounds. Reactions of these cinnamic derivatives
may proceed both onto carbon-carbon double bond and carbonyl group that allows obtaining a wide variety of organic
compounds having high synthetic importance and different practically valuable properties, including biological activity.
An Insight into Synthetic Strategies for Schiff Base Derivatives with Diverse Biological Activities
Authors: Singh Jagseer , Chawla Pooja A. , Akhtar Md. Jawaid , Kumar Bhupinder 
Published: December 2020

Abstract::
Schiff base or imine or azomethine is one of the most important organic compounds that has been reported to
play a significant role in various biological processes. The group is a part of natural or non-natural compounds and is
involved as important precursors as diversified agents and as intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active agents.
The review outlines the detailed design strategy, synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of different Schiff bases
for various biological activities. We have tried to outline the key points of various researchers with respect to biological
activities. The results of different studies demonstrate Schiff bases as a linker in many synthetic compounds displaying a
broad range of activities. We believe that the present review will provide comprehensive knowledge about medicinal
importance of Schiff bases and serve as important literature in designing the synthesis of novel molecules containing Schiff
base as pharmacophore or biologically active moiety.
Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Overlooked during COVID-19 Pandemic: How are They Doing and Behaving?
Authors: Adnine Anass , Soussan Ilias , Nadiri Khawla , Coulibaly Siriman , Berrada Khadija , Najdi Adil , Abourazzak Fatima Ezzahra 
Published: December 2020

Background:
People with rheumatic disease may be at higher risk for more severe
course with COVID- 19, and the adverse effects of drugs used to treat rheumatic diseases is a major
concern.

Objective:
We conducted this survey to learn about the real impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients
with rheumatic diseases.

Methods:
Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire using a telephonic interview conducted
by two rheumatologists. Rheumatic disease characteristics, knowledge and attitude toward
COVID-19, and impacts of pandemic on rheumatology care and patient’s compliance were assessed.

Results:
We included 307 patients in the survey, and rheumatoid arthris was the main rheumatic
disease. Patients had mostly moderate level of knowledge about COVID-19, and patients with higher
level of education were more likely to have better knowledge. Participants respected mainly recommended
preventive measures. The pandemic and sanitary containment impacted strongly the
rheumatology care. Over quarter of patients noted worsening of their rheumatic disease, two-thirds
reported postponed or canceled medical apointments and more than three quarters postponed their
laboratory tests. Patients with higher disease activity were more likely to have lack of follow-up.
Medication change was noted in more than third of cases. It was mostly stopped, and DMARDs
were mainly affected. Patients living in rural areas and who had canceled, or postponed their appointments
were more likely to change their treatment.

Conclusions:
Our data are useful to better manage rheumatic patients. Physicians are encouraged to
renew contact with their patients to insure medication compliance.
The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Beliefs Towards Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in a Sample of Iranian Female Nursing Students
Authors: Bayrami Roghieh , Didarloo Alireza , Khalkhali Hamid Reza , Ayatollahi Haleh , Ghorbani Bita 
Published: December 2020

Background:
According to the previous studies, Iranian university students do not have a
firm belief in the effectiveness of HPV vaccination.

Objective:
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based
training program on beliefs of Iranian female nursing students towards HPV vaccination.

Materials and Methods:
The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 80 female nursing
students in West Azerbaijan province, Iran, in 2019. A total of 80 nursing students were selected as
the participants via convenience sampling and were randomly assigned into two groups (40 in each
group). The participants in the intervention group attended the HBM training program for 4 weeks
and received instructions on HPV related diseases and HPV vaccination, whereas the members of
the control group received no education. The HBM questionnaire was administered to the participants
in both groups before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and one month
later. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22 through chi-square test, independent samples
t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA at a significance level of 0.05.

Results:
Immediately after the intervention and one month later, the intervention group showed a
significant increase in perceived severity, perceived benefits, and cues to action compared to the
control group (P < 0.05). There was a difference of borderline significance between the intervention
and control groups in terms of perceived barriers immediately after the intervention (P=.061).

Conclusion:
According to the results of the present study, educational intervention based on HBM constructs can be used
in changing students’ beliefs toward HPV vaccine and its acceptance.
Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumor: A Clinicoradiologic Series with Literature Review
Authors: Kilinc Yagmur Basak , Sari Lutfullah , Toprak Huseyin , Gultekin Mehmet Ali , Karabulut Ummuhan Ebru , Sahin Nurhan 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Ovarian granulosa cell tumors that originate from the sex cord-stromal
cells represent 2% to 5% of all ovarian cancers. These tumors constitute two subgroups according
to their clinical and histopathological features: juvenile granulosa cell tumors (JGCT) and adult
granulosa cell tumors (AGCT). Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is considered to be a low-grade malignancy
with a favorable prognosis.

Methods:
This case series includes four patients who admitted to our university hospital and had an MRI examination
within 5 years.

Results:
The histopathological subtype of granulosa tumor was the adult type in 3 patients and juvenile
type in 1 patient. Even though it is extremely rare, bone metastases were present in one of our
patients. Liver metastases were also detected in one patient. The MRI examination of tumors revealed
a heterogeneous solid mass that contained cystic components in 3 patients. In one of our patients,
the tumor had a multiseptated cystic feature, and all of the tumors were ovoid or round with
smooth margins. T1 signal hyperintensity, not suppressed on fat saturation sequences, was observed
in 3 patients, which represents its hemorrhagic content.

Conclusion:
Even though granulosa cell tumor shows a wide spectrum in terms of tumor appearance,
some common findings have been shown and especially a hemorrhagic content could be a
clue for us. The tumor is known to have a good prognosis, but it may have an unpredictable clinical
course, so close follow-up is greatly important.
Evaluation of 99mTechnetium-Vancomycin Imaging Potential in Experimental Rat Model for the Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Kış Tuba Tatlı , Köse Şükran , Yılmaz Osman , Kış Mehmet , Yurt Fatma , Acar Emine , Bekiş Recep , Yılmaz Canberk , Barış Mustafa , Diniz Gülden , Tatar Bengü , Tunçel Ayça 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infection of the heart’s endocardial surface.
In recent years, nuclear imaging methods have gained importance in the diagnosis of IE. The
present study aims to investigate the imaging potential of 99mTc-labeled vancomycin (99mTc-Vancomycin)
as a new agent that would enable the diagnosis of IE in its early stages when it is difficult
to diagnose or has small vegetation in the experimental rat model.

Methods:
99mTc-Vancomycin scintigraphy was evaluated for its accumulation in IE with Staphylococcus
aureus performed in an experimental rat model. Serial planar scintigraphic and biodistribution
analysis of infected vegetations are compared to rats with sterile vegetations. The heart was
identified as an infected organ, the liver was identified as a non-infected organ and the heart/liver
uptake ratio (T / NT ratio) was compared between infective endocarditis and sterile endocarditis
groups.

Results:
Planar scintigrams (in vivo measurements) showed more uptake in the heart of rats in the
infective endocarditis group compared to the uptake in the heart of rats in the sterile endocarditis
group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). From the ex vivo measurements,
the 99mTc-Vancomycin heart uptake increased significantly (p = 0.016), liver uptake was significantly
decreased (p = 0.045) and the T/NT ratio was significantly higher (p = 0.014) in the infective
endocarditis group compared to the sterile endocarditis group.

Conclusions:
In this experimental study, 99mTc-Vancomycin scintigraphy ensured the detection of
ex vivo infected tissue in a rat model of IE. In addition, the absence of significant 99mTc-Vancomycin
uptake in the sterile endocarditis group indicates that this agent targeted the infected tissue
instead of the sterile inflammatory tissue. Finally, this agent should also be evaluated with animal-
specific imaging devices.
Molecular Docking Demonstration of the Liquorice Chemical Molecules on the Protease and ACE2 of COVID-19 Virus
Authors: Koyuncu İsmail , Durgun Mustafa , Yorulmaz Nuri , Toprak Sahin , Gonel Ataman , Bayraktar Nihayet , Caglayan Murat 
Published: December 2020

Background:
COVID-19 has spread rapidly in many countries of the world and poses a serious
threat to global public health, yet no specific drug has been identified or currently available for its treatment.
Since it may take years to design a drug for its treatment, the shortest and most effective way now
is to screen the available drugs or active substances by molecular docking methods.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to investigate the potential for use in COVID-19 treatment by investigating
the inhibitory effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra, main active ingredients on COVID-19, main protease
(SARS-CoV-2,), SARS-CoV-2 - ACE2 Complex and ACE-2 by molecular docking method, which are
known to have antiviral effects on SARS-CoV.

Material and Methods:
Molecular docking was performed by using Autodock 4.2 to analyse the probability
of docking. Several compounds extracted from the root of the licorice plant (glycyrrhizic acid,
glabridin, 6-azauridine, pyrazofurin and mycophenolic acid) were docked to inhibit COVID-19 Mpro and
docking results were analysed by Autodock 4.2 and Biovia Discovery Studio Visualizer 2020. The evaluation
was based on the docking score (binding energies) calculated by Autodock 4.2. Nelfinavir was used
as standards for comparison.

Results:
As a result of the study, the compounds of Glabridin in COVID-19 main protease (6LU7),
ACE-2 (1R4L) and SARS-CoV-2, - ACE2 Complex (6LZG) have very low binding energy (-8.75 to -
7.64) and low potential to inhibition constant has been found.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that Glabridin appeared to have the best potential to act as a COVID-19
Mpro inhibitor. However, further research is necessary to investigate their potential medicinal use.
Green Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide Using Root Extracts of Asparagus racemosus
Authors: Paul Soumen , Samanta Ankit , Sarkar Sabyasachi , Ghosh Chandradipa , Nandi Dilip Kumar 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The root extracts of Asparagus racemosus (shatamuli) have been used as a
benign reducing agent to reduce graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The root
extract, that is used as a green, reducing agent, is non-toxic, eco-friendly, and naturally therapeutic.

Methods:
The formation of rGO was identified using XRD, FTIR, TEM and EDX techniques.

Results:
The DLS and Zeta potential data revealed that the hydrodynamic size of these rGO is lower than 200 nm with
optimal charge.

Conclusion:
hese results may be useful for the use of GO as a probe in biomedical research.
Taking Advantage of Plant Defense Mechanisms to Promote Human Health. Exploitation of Plant Natural Products for Preventing or Treating
Human Disease: Second of Two Parts
Authors: Magrone Thea , Magrone Manrico , Russo Matteo Antonio , Jirillo Emilio 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Plants have represented an essential source of foods for human beings, as confirmed by
archeological studies that have revealed on old pottery the presence of proteins from cereal and legumes.

Specific aims:
In this review, major healthy effects derived from the consumption of plant fibers, polyunsaturated fatty
acids (PUFAs) and polyphenols, respectively, will be described with special emphasis on their mechanisms of action, both
at cellular and molecular levels.

Dietary compounds:
Fibers exhibit a prevalent prebiotic effect, acting on the intestinal microbiota with the production of
protective metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids. Plant PUFAs include α-linolenic and stearidonic acids, which are
precursors of other two major PUFAs, namely, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Some clinical trials
demonstrated the ability of PUFAs to lower the risk of coronary disease, while other trials did not confirm such a finding.
Polyphenols are endowed with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in view of their property to inhibit NF-κB
activation, to induce the anti-inflammatory T regulatory cells and to normalize the intestinal microbiota. The beneficial
effects of polyphenols on obesity/diabetes, allergic/autoimmune and inflammatory disease are elucidated.

Conclusion:
Plants are one of the major sources of healthy dietary products, whose exploitation may promote prevention of
chronic disease.
Hazelnut Modulates Neurobehaviour and Ameliorates Ageing-induced Oxidative Stress, and Caspase-3-Mediated Apoptosis in Mice
Authors: Olofinnade Anthony Tope , Onaolapo Adejoke Yetunde , Onaolapo Olakunle James , Olowe Olugbenga Adekunle 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Organismal aging has been associated with deleterious effects in different
body tissues and organs, including the brain. There have been reports from ancient medicinal
scripts of the beneficial effects of nuts like hazelnut in preventing aging induced-brain atrophy and
memory loss.

Objectives:
This study examined the potential beneficial effects of a diet supplemented with two
different (Italian and Turkish) cultivars of hazelnut on the brain of aged mice.

Methods:
Aged (24 months old) mice were randomly assigned into 7 groups of ten mice each.
Mice were grouped as standard diet (SD) control, three groups of Turkish and three groups of Italian
hazelnut incorporated into SD at 2, 4 and 8% respectively. Animals were fed standard or hazelnut
diet for 8 weeks. On day 56, behaviours in the elevated plus maze, radial-arm maze, open field,
and Y-maze paradigms were monitored and scored, following which animals were euthanized. The
brains were removed, weighed and homogenized for the assessment of specific biochemical tests.

Result:
Results showed that hazelnut-supplemented diet was associated with significantly increased
weight gain, with the Italian hazelnut being associated with greater weight gain. The hazelnut-
supplemented diet also increased behavioural parameters such as horizontal locomotion and
grooming, while it decreased rearing activity. Working-memory also improved significantly with
both cultivars of hazelnut, while anxiety indices were reduced at lower concentrations of Italian,
and higher concentrations of Turkish hazelnut. Both hazelnut varieties were associated with a reduction
in acetylcholinesterase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, nitric oxide levels, caspase-
3 level, but increased dopamine level.

Conclusion:
Overall, hazelnut cultivars have beneficial effects on the brain in aged mice; suggesting
a possible role in the prevention or management of age-related neurodegenerative changes.
Synthesis of 3-methyl-4H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazine-2-carboxylates Using CAN as a Catalyst and Its Conversion Into Guanidines
Authors: Jawale Dhanaji V. , Wagare Devendra , Lingampalle Dinesh L. , Netankar Prashant D. 
Published: December 2020

Background:
1,4-benzothiazine carboxylates show wide application in the field of
medicinal chemistry. Therefore, we have designed convenient and efficient method for the synthesis
of 1,4-benzothiazine carboxylates.

Objective:
Synthesis of 1,4-benzothiazine carboxylates and its guanidines by simple and facile
method using efficient catalyst.

Methods:
Derivatives of 1,4-benzothiazine carboxylates were synthesized by cyclocondensing β-
keto esters with 2-aminobenzenethiols using CAN as a catalyst at room temperature. 1,4-benzothiazine
carboxylate, condensed with guanidine hydrochloride in the presence of sodium methoxide
in DMF to obtained new 3-substituted-l-4H-benzo[b][1,4]thiazine-2-carboxyguanidines (88-91%).

Results:
All the products were obtained with good to excellent yields within 40 min. Here, CAN
oxidizes aminothiophenol into disulfide and then nucleophilic attack of enolic form of β-ketoesters
on the disulphide and 1, 4-benzothiazine acetates, were obtained with good yields.

Conclusion:
We have designed convenient and efficient method for the synthesis of 1,4-benzothiazine
carboxylates. Most remarkable features of this cyclocondensation such as use of efficient catalyst
and non-volatile solvent under mild reaction condition to obtain excellent yield.
Aplicaciones educativas y Educaplay en la asignatura “Industria y Tendencias de Videojuegos”
Authors: Belmonte Jiménez Ana María 
Published: December 2020

Gracias a los conocidos como “serious games”, el prestigio de los usos académicos que se les puede dar a los videojuegos ha aumentado, consiguiendo que sea cada vez más frecuente encontrarnos en las aulas con profesores que utilizan videojuegos en sus asignaturas como recurso motivacional de aprendizaje. En la asignatura “Industria y tendencias del videojuego”, del grado de Comunicación Audiovisual de la Universidad de Málaga, se les pidió a los alumnos que realizaran un “serious game” o videojuego educativo, tomando como referencia los apuntes de la asignatura, y teniendo la libertad de escoger el juego que quisieran, así como libertad de elección en cuanto al tema de la asignatura. Una vez entregada la actividad, y siempre a través del campus, se les solicitó a los trece alumnos que contestaran un cuestionario. La actividad de configurar un serious game con Educaplay en términos generales ha sido un éxito, ya que a la mayoría de los alumnos les ha motivado y les ha servido para su aprendizaje, a la vez que han conocido una herramienta nueva de estudio mediante la cual pueden configurar infinidad de videojuegos para poder jugar y estudiar a la misma vez.
Human Capital: Key Driver towards Business Success
Authors: Zainuddin Zairul Nurshazana , Sulaiman Suzana , Abdul Latif Nurul Ezhawati , Ahmad Mahfuzah 
Published: December 2020

A company is a reflection of its people; human capital in recent years is believed to be a key business success factor. Limited researches in Malaysia on valuing human capital and its contribution motivate the study to be conducted. The case study method is used, with two Malaysian companies awarded as the Best Employers in recent years. The study proved that by having committed people in the companies and by responding to employee needs, it is a sign that companies are concerned with their personal and career life. Indirectly instill motivation among employees to drive towards business success together.
Keywords: Human Capital; Business Success; Case study; Malaysia
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.2528
Promotion of Physical Activity in Older People Using mHealth and eHealth Technologies: Rapid Review of Reviews
Authors: McGarrigle Lisa , Todd Chris 
Published: December 2020

Background
Older people are at increased risk of adverse health events because of reduced physical activity. There is concern that activity levels are further reduced in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as many older people are practicing physical and social distancing to minimize transmission. Mobile health (mHealth) and eHealth technologies may offer a means by which older people can engage in physical activity while physically distancing.

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the evidence for mHealth or eHealth technology in the promotion of physical activity among older people aged 50 years or older.

Methods
We conducted a rapid review of reviews using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. We searched for systematic reviews published in the English language in 3 electronic databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, and Scopus. Two reviewers used predefined inclusion criteria to select relevant reviews and extracted data on review characteristics and intervention effectiveness. Two independent raters assessed review quality using the AMSTAR-2 tool.

Results
Titles and abstracts (n=472) were screened, and 14 full-text reviews were assessed for eligibility. Initially, we included 5 reviews but excluded 1 from the narrative as it was judged to be of critically low quality. Three reviews concluded that mHealth or eHealth interventions were effective in increasing physical activity. One review found that the evidence was inconclusive.

Conclusions
There is low to moderate evidence that interventions delivered via mHealth or eHealth approaches may be effective in increasing physical activity in older adults in the short term. Components of successful interventions include self-monitoring, incorporation of theory and behavior change techniques, and social and professional support.