bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vaccination of koalas during antibiotic treatment for Chlamydia-induced cystitis induces an improved antibody response to Chlamydia pecorum
Authors: Phillips Samuel , Quigley Bonnie L , Olagoke Olusola , Booth Rosemary , Pyne Michael , Timms Peter 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChlamydia infection and disease are endemic in free-ranging koalas. Antibiotics remain the front line treatment for Chlamydia in koalas, despite their rates of treatment failure and adverse gut dysbiosis outcomes. A Chlamydia vaccine for koalas has shown promise for replacing antibiotic treatment in mild ocular Chlamydia disease. In more severe disease presentations that require antibiotic intervention, the effect of vaccinating during antibiotic use is not currently known. This study investigated whether a productive immune response could be induced by vaccinating koalas during antibiotic treatment for Chlamydia-induced cystitis. Plasma IgG antibody levels against the C. pecorum major outer membrane protein (MOMP) dropped during antibiotic treatment in both vaccinated and unvaccinated koalas. Post-treatment, IgG levels recovered. The IgG antibodies from naturally-infected, vaccinated koalas recognised a greater proportion of the MOMP protein compared to their naturally-infected, unvaccinated counterparts. Furthermore, peripheral blood mononuclear cell gene expression revealed an up-regulation in genes related to neutrophil degranulation in vaccinated koalas during the first month post-vaccination. These findings show that vaccination of koalas while they are being treated with antibiotics for cystitis can result in the generation of a productive immune response, in the form of increased and expanded IgG production and host response through neutrophil degranulation.
Differences in risk factors for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy stratified by the degree of obesity: Focused on surgical methods
Authors: Suh Jungyo , Yoo Sangjun , Park Juhyun , Cho Min Chul , Jeong Chang Wook , Ku Ja Hyeon , Kwak Cheol , Kim Hyeon Hoe , Jeong Hyeon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate differences in the risk factors for biochemical recurrence (BCR) for radical prostatectomy stratified by degree of obesity, focusing on the surgical method used. All 3099 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy in two medical centres from January 2008 to March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups based on body mass index: ‘normal’, ‘overweight’, and ‘obese’. Risk factors associated with biochemical recurrence were compared between different degrees of obesity. We analysed the contributing risk factors of BCR-free survival using univariate and multivariable Cox hazard models. There were 378 (12.2%) and 1815 (58.6%) patients in the ‘obese’ and ‘overweight’ groups, respectively. Accordingly, 1324 patients underwent retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP), and 1775 underwent robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). Multivariable analysis showed that patients who underwent RALP had significantly lower BCR free survival in the ‘overweight’ and ‘obese’ groups than those who underwent RRP, with adjusted hazard ratios of 0.75 (95% CI 0.59–0.95, p-value = 0.01) and 0.55 (95% CI 0.33–0.90, p-value = 0.02), respectively. The degree of obesity was not directly associated with BCR-free survival. Robotic prostatectomy showed greater benefits in BCR-free survival than open prostatectomy in the ‘overweight’ and ‘obese’ groups.
High expression of spliced X-Box Binding Protein 1 in lung tumors is associated with cancer aggressiveness and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Tavernier Quentin , Legras Antoine , Didelot Audrey , Normand Corinne , Gibault Laure , Badoual Cécile , Le Pimpec-Barthes Françoise , Puig Pierre Laurent , Blons Hélène , Pallet Nicolas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractProteostasis imbalance is emerging as a major hallmark of cancer, driving tumor growth and aggressiveness. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress has been documented in most major cancers, and the ability to tolerate persistent ER stress through an effective unfolded protein response enhances cancer cell survival, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance and immunosuppression. The ER stress sensor IRE1α contributes to tumor progression through XBP1 mRNA splicing and regulated IRE1α-dependent decay of mRNA and miRNA. The aim of this study was to perform a molecular characterization of series of tumor samples to explore the impact of intratumoral IRE1 signaling in non-small cell lung cancer characteristics. To monitor IRE1 splicing activity, we adopted a fragment length analysis to detect changes in the length of the XBP1 mRNA before and after splicing as a method for measuring sXBP1 mRNA levels in tumors because sXBP1 mRNA is not probed by standard transcriptomic analyses. We demonstrate for the first time that XBP1 splicing is a valuable marker of lung cancer aggressiveness, and our results support a model in which IRE1 downstream signaling could act as a regulator of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). Our findings study highlights the role of IRE1α downstream signaling in non-small cell lung cancer and opens a conceptual framework to determine how IRE1α endoribonuclease activity shapes the EMT program.
Metallurgical and Electrochemical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Clads on Low Carbon Steel Substrate produced with Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Murkute Pratik , Pasebani Somayeh , Burkan Isgor O. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study aims to improve the corrosion resistance of the low carbon steel by cladding it with super duplex stainless steel using laser powder bed fusion process. Critical process parameters such as laser power, laser scan speed, hatch spacing, and powder layer thickness were optimized to achieve the best possible metallurgical bonding between the clad and the substrate. The evaporative losses experienced during the laser melting process resulted in clad layers with lower chromium content (12–25 wt. %) as compared to 26 wt. % of the feedstock powder. A clad thickness of 65.8 µm was achieved after melting ten 50 µm thick powder layers. The higher cooling rates associated with laser powder bed fusion resulted in fine high aspect ratio columnar grain structures with predominantly ferrite grains; however, widmanstätten austenite needles were observed with increasing laser scan speeds. Increasing scan speed had a negative impact on the thickness, corrosion resistance, and the pitting potential of the clads exposed to 3.5 wt.% NaCl aqueous solution. Clads produced at the lowest scan speeds showed comparable corrosion resistance to rolled and annealed super duplex stainless steel.
Facile synthesis of nanostructured cobalt pigments by Co- A zeolite thermal conversion and its application in porcelain manufacture
Authors: Campanile Assunta , Liguori Barbara , Marino Ottavio , Cavaliere Gennaro , De Bartolomeis Valter Luca , Caputo Domenico 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn innovative and facile synthesis of cobalt based inorganic pigment was carried out by means of a low energy thermal conversion of a cobalt-exchanged zeolite. The Na-A [LTA] zeolite was used, since it is a low cost and easily available raw material. The ion exchange mechanism allowed to control, at microscopic level, the composition of the zeolitic precursor. Several chromatic effects could be obtained by varying the treatment temperature and/or the cobalt concentration in the contact solution. The reliability of these new zeolite-based pigments was tested in porcelain manufacture, in collaboration with the Institute for the Capodimonte porcelain “Giovanni Caselli”. The developed cobalt pigments were successfully tested either in the porcelain mixture to obtain a coloured product or in the decoration step (such as ingobbio, colored glazes and “third fire decoration”).
Lipid profile of Trichinella papuae muscle-stage larvae
Authors: Mangmee Suthee , Adisakwattana Poom , Tipthara Phornpimon , Simanon Nattapon , Sonthayanon Piengchan , Reamtong Onrapak 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOutbreaks of trichinellosis caused by Trichinella papuae have been reported in South-East Asia. Mebendazole and thiabendazole are the treatments of choice for trichinellosis; however, both drugs result in significant side effects and are less effective for muscle-stage larvae (L1). An alternative therapeutic agent is needed to improve treatment. Information on lipid composition and metabolic pathways may bridge gaps in our knowledge and lead to new antiparasitics. The T. papuae L1 lipidome was analysed using a mass spectrometry-based approach, and 403 lipid components were identified. Eight lipid classes were found and glycerophospholipids were dominant, corresponding to 63% of total lipids, of which the glycerolipid DG (20:1[11Z]/22:4[7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z]/0:0) (iso2) was the most abundant. Overall, 57% of T. papuae lipids were absent in humans; therefore, lipid metabolism may be dissimilar in the two species. Proteins involved T. papuae lipid metabolism were explored using bioinformatics. We found that 4-hydroxybutyrate coenzyme A transferase, uncharacterized protein (A0A0V1MCB5) and ML-domain-containing protein are not present in humans. T. papuae glycerophospholipid metabolic and phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylation processes contain several proteins that are dissimilar to those in humans. These findings provide insights into T. papuae lipid composition and metabolism, which may facilitate the development of novel trichinellosis treatments.
Small bandgap in atomically precise 17-atom-wide armchair-edged graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Yamaguchi Junichi , Hayashi Hironobu , Jippo Hideyuki , Shiotari Akitoshi , Ohtomo Manabu , Sakakura Mitsuhiro , Hieda Nao , Aratani Naoki , Ohfuchi Mari , Sugimoto Yoshiaki , Yamada Hiroko , Sato Shintaro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBottom-up synthesis of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) may open new possibilities in future electronic devices owing to their tunable electronic structure, which depends strongly on their well-defined width and edge geometry. For instance, armchair-edged GNRs (AGNRs) exhibit width-dependent bandgaps. However, the bandgaps of AGNRs synthesized experimentally so far are relatively large, well above 1 eV. Such a large bandgap may deteriorate device performance due to large Schottky barriers and carrier effective masses. Here, we describe the bottom-up synthesis of AGNRs with smaller bandgaps, using dibromobenzene-based precursors. Two types of AGNRs with different widths, namely 17 and 13 carbon atoms, were synthesized on Au(111), and their atomic and electronic structures were investigated by scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy. We reveal that 17-AGNRs have the smallest bandgap, as well as the smallest electron/hole effective mass, among bottom-up AGNRs reported so far. The successful synthesis of 17-AGNRs is a significant step toward the development of GNR-based electronic devices.
Cigarette smoking blocks the benefit from reduced weight gain for insulin action by shifting lipids deposition to muscle
Authors: Khan Anwar , Fouda Sherouk , Mahzari Ali , Chan Stanley M.H. , Zhou Xiu , Ratnam Cherubina , Vlahos Ross , Ye Ji-Ming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cigarette smoking (CS) is known to reduce body weight and this often masks its real effect on insulin action. The present study tested the hypothesis that CS can divert lipid deposition to muscles to offset the supposed benefit of reduced body weight gain on insulin signalling in this major site for glucose tolerance (or insulin action). The study was conducted in mice exposed to chronic CS followed by either a chow (CH) diet or a high-fat (HF) diet. CS increased triglyceride (TG) levels in both plasma and muscle despite a reduced body weight gain and adiposity. CS led to glucose intolerance in CH-fed mice and they retained the glucose intolerance that was induced by the HF diet. In adipose tissue, CS increased macrophage infiltration and the mRNA expression of TNFα but suppressed the protein expression of adipose triglyceride lipase and PPARγ. While CS increased hormone-sensitive lipase and suppressed the mRNA expression of leptin, these effects were blunted in HF-fed mice. These results imply that CS impairs insulin signalling in skeletal muscle via accumulated intramuscular lipids from lipolysis and lipodystrophy of adipose tissues. This may explain why smokers may not benefit from insulin sensitising effects of reduced body weight gain.
High‐frequency modelling of permanent magnet synchronous motor for conducted EMI studies
Authors: Rahimi Alireza , Kanzi Khalil 
Published: June 2020

In this work, a high‐frequency model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is proposed for using in conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) modelling and simulation of variable speed drive systems. The presented model covers the defined frequency range for the conducted emissions, based on MIL‐STD‐461 and FCC/CISPR standards from 10 kHz to 30 MHz. Common‐mode (CM) and differential‐mode (DM) impedance characteristics of PMSM are measured; the proposed method is based on the behavioural method using the measurement data. However, in order to improve the mid‐frequency representation, the model is enhanced by physics‐based methods with parameters extracted directly from the physical properties of the motor using a three‐dimensional finite element method and analytical calculations. This approach enables us to avoid the trial and error method and fine‐tuning the model parameters. In order to validate the calculated CM and DM impedances of the PMSM, simulation results are compared with the experimental measurements. Root mean squared relative error is introduced to measure the accuracy of the proposed model and also to compare the given results with the models previously presented in the literature.
Real‐time detection of BDS orbit manoeuvres based on the combination of GPS and BDS observations
Authors: Tu Rui , Zhang Rui , Liu Zhanke , Fan Lihong , Han Junqiang , Zhang Pengfei , Hong Ju , Liu Jinhai , Lu Xiaochun 
Published: June 2020

The construction of the third generation of the Chinese BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS), which provides global positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services, will be completed in 2020. As BDS satellites contain the geostationary orbit (GEO), inclined geosynchronous (IGSO), and medium earth orbit (MEO), orbital manoeuvres occur more frequently. Thus, orbit manoeuvre detection is important for continuous and reliable PNT services. A BDS orbit manoeuvre detection method based on the combination of global positioning system (GPS) and BDS observations is proposed in this study. The standard deviations of the observation residuals of the epoch‐differenced velocity estimation of the single BDS system and combined GPS + BDS system were compared to determine the beginning and end of the orbit manoeuvre. The results show that the orbital manoeuvre leads to a position, velocity, and receiver clock error bias of approximately tens to hundreds of metres, several centimetres per second, and tens to hundreds of metres, respectively. Based on the proposed method, the start and end times can be detected in real time and the usable observation time can be extended by >157 min.
Diffuse radio sources in a statistically complete sample of high-redshift galaxy clusters
Authors: Giovannini G. , Cau M. , Bonafede A. , Ebeling H. , Feretti L. , Girardi M. , Gitti M. , Govoni F. , Ignesti A. , Murgia M. , Taylor G. B. , Vacca V. 
Published: June 2020

Aims. Non-thermal properties of galaxy clusters have been studied using detailed and deep radio images in comparison with X-ray data. While much progress has been made in this area, most of the studied clusters are at a relatively low redshift (z <  0.3). Here we investigate the evolutionary properties of the non-thermal cluster emission using two statistically complete samples at z >  0.3.
Methods. We obtained short JVLA observations at the L-band of the statistically complete sample of very X-ray luminous clusters from the Massive Cluster Survey (MACS), namely 34 clusters in the redshift range of 0.3–0.5 and with nominal X-ray fluxes in excess of 2 × 10−12 erg s−1 cm−2 (0.1–2.4 keV) in the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue. We add to this list the complete sample of the 12 most distant MACS clusters (z >  0.5).
Results. Most clusters show evidence of emission in the radio regime. We present the radio properties of all clusters in our sample and show images of newly detected diffuse sources. A radio halo is detected in 19 clusters and five clusters contain a relic source. Most of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCG) in relaxed clusters show radio emission with powers typical of FRII radio galaxies and some are surrounded by a radio mini-halo.
Conclusions. The high frequency of radio emission from the BCG in relaxed clusters suggests that BCG feedback mechanisms are already in place at z ∼ 0.6. The properties of radio halos and the small number of detected relics suggest redshift evolution in the properties of diffuse sources. The radio power (and size) of radio halos could be related to the number of past merger events in the history of the system. In this scenario, the presence of a giant and high-power radio halo is indicative of an evolved system with a large number of past major mergers, whereas small low-power halos are found in less evolved clusters.
Naturjoghurtinduzierte Lactobacillus-Bakteriämie bei einem mit Ustekinumab behandelten Patienten mit Morbus Crohn und begleitender HIV-Infektion
Authors: Haziri Drilon , Prechter Florian , Stallmach Andreas 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungProbiotika werden häufig von Patienten mit chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen als begleitende Therapie verwendet. Auch wenn für eine positive Wirkung der Probiotika nur wenig Evidenz vorliegt, wird dieses Verhalten durch die Einschätzung als ein nebenwirkungsfreies Therapiekonzept begünstigt. In seltenen Fällen können Probiotika jedoch zu systemischen Infektionen in Form der Bakteriämien führen. Wir berichten über einen Patienten mit Morbus Crohn und begleitender HIV-Infektion der unter einer Therapie mit Ustekinumab ein septisches Krankheitsbild entwickelte. Es zeigte sich eine Bakteriämie mit Lactobacillum lacti, Leuconostoc citreum und Leuconostoc lactis, die anamnestisch auf den Verzehr von selbstgemachtem Joghurt zurückgeführt werden konnten. Die Verwendung von Probiotika bei CED-Patienten mit zusätzlichen immunkompromittierenden Faktoren stellt ein bislang schwer abschätzbares Risiko dar; von ihrer Anwendung sollte daher abgeraten werden.
Die polyedrische Symptomatik einer Lithium-Intoxikation: Eine Kasuistik
Authors: Saleh Christian , Horak Roberto , Fehrenbach Rose A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLithium intoxication presents with a plethora of symptoms. Especially in elderly patients, prompt diagnosis can be delayed as intoxication can mimic symptoms of co-morbidities. We present and discuss a patient with multiple diseases, who presented in an acute confusional state due to lithium intoxication.
Audiological Outcome in Myringoplasties with an Intact Ossicular Chain: Is there a Difference between Chronic Otitis with or without Cholesteatoma?
Authors: Sarolli Eduardo de Barros , Schlegel-Wagner Christoph , Linder Thomas Edwin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Chronic otitis media (COM) with a central perforation or a concomitant cholesteatoma are both inflammatory lesions, however, with different etiologies. Both entities may present with an intact chain, and the final reconstruction is quite similar. Does it also apply for the hearing outcome?
Objectives In a retrospective analysis, we investigated the preoperative hearing and the final hearing outcome of two groups of patients: those with COM and those with cholesteatoma, and compared various factors.
Methods Patients operated between 2010 and 2019 were entered prospectively into a research database, and the integrity of the ossicular chain, the extent of the cholesteatoma, and the findings on computed tomography (CT) scans were retrospectively analyzed and correlated to the final hearing outcome.
Results Out of 210 tympanoplasties for COM, 162 (80%) presented with an intact chain, and 85 (40%) ears could be analyzed. Out of 283 cholesteatoma surgeries, 53 (19%) ears presented with an intact chain. The preoperative air-bone gap (ABG) was worse in the COM group, but the postoperative ABG over the frequencies of 0.5 kHz and 4 kHz was the same (10 dB to 12 dB) in both groups, and remained within 20 dB in 90% (40 and 78 patients, respectively). The extension of the disease was rather limited in the cholesteatoma group (stages Ch1a and 1b), and better pneumatization and ventilation were beneficial for a good result. Postoperatively, the frequency of 4 kHz had the largest ABG (14 dB and 18 dB).
Conclusion Overall, 80% of the patients with COM and less than 20% of those with cholesteatoma had an intact and mobile chain at surgery. Using equivalent surgical techniques for the tympanoplasty, the final outcome was almost the same for both groups, with a mean ABG of 10 dB to 12 dB.
Association between Thyroiditis and Multifocality in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Dedivitis Rogério Aparecido , Matos Leandro Luongo de , Souza Felipe Guilherme Silva , Bogado Ortiz Jose Luis 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) shares many characteristics with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and some studies show that, when associated, PTC is diagnosed mostly with smaller lesions and multifocal pattern.
Objective To evaluate the relationship between HT and PTC.
Methods A retrospective study of 155 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy from 2009 to 2015. Demographical, clinical and ultrasonographical data, as well as anatomopathological findings were evaluated.
Results There were signs of thyroidits in 35 patients, and 114 patients had a unifocal disease. There was no statistical significance between the variables studied and thyroiditis. However, when compared with the occurrence of unifocal or multifocal lesions, there was statistical significance regarding age (p = 0.038) and mass (p = 0.031). There was no direct relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality (p = 0.325) nor between thyroiditis and cervical extension of the disease (p = 0.300 e p = 0.434).
Conclusion There was no relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality in cases of PTC.