bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of 3D-transvaginal Ultrasound Compared to Hysteroscopy in Detecting Uterine Abnormalities Before ICSI
Authors: Alsherbiny M M , Riad A A M , Hamdoun H A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Various forms of female infertility were associated with congenital uterine anomalies and acquired uterine disease. In fact, the myometrium can only be indirectly imaged by X-ray hysterosalpingography but is directly seen on Ultrasonography. More recently, further advances in ultrasonography have led to three-dimensional multiplanar or volume imaging (three-dimensional ultrasonography [3DUS]) in which sonographic images are obtained from a volume of ultrasonographic data (rather than from a slice of data) the application of 3DUS to gynecologic imaging has suggested a role for transvaginal 3DUS in the assessment of uterine anomalies and endometrial lesions.

Aim
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of Hysteroscopy vs TV3D in the evaluation of the uterine abnormalities in infertile women before ICSI.

Methodology
This is a study including 60 patients were selected from the outpatient gynecological clinic, private center at Sohag government (Ibn Sina Center) in collaboration with (Ain Shams University Hospital in IVF unit) from12/2017 -8/2018. All cases files are computerized and saved in Ibn Sina Center.

Results
The overall result of accuracy of different modalities was 98.3% for 3D sonography and the accuracy of different modalities in detection of endometrial polyp was 93.3% for 3D sonography and 100% for hysteroscopy. The accuracy of different modalities in detection of septate uterus was 100% for 3D sonography and hysteroscopy. The accuracy of different modalities in detection of intrauterine adhesions was 100% for 100% for 3D and hysteroscopy.

Conclusion
Hysteroscopy is the gold standard diagnostic & therapeutic tool for uterine anomalies (bicornuate, septate, arcuate, polyp), However 3D ultrasonography is diagnostic tool only but superior to hysteroscopy in certain lesions e.g. (subserous and intramural fibroid).

Recommendation
we recommend 3D to become soon as the diagnostic procedure of choice in assessment of suspected uterine lesions. Furthermore, we recommend that 3D US, if available, to be performed routinely for all cases of uterine cavity anomalies and prior to corrective uterine surgery.
Effect of oxytocin infusion versus tranexamic acid on reducing blood loss during hysteroscopic myomectomy: A Randomized control trial
Authors: Mohamed S E , Elhelaly A M , Salama M H , Dahman N F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Women undergoing hysteroscopic myomectomy are prone to significant blood loss and hematological disturbances. Oxytocin is a uterotonic drug. Tranexamic acid has been used to reduce blood loss in many surgeries. The aim of our study was to compare between oxytocin and tranexamic acid as regard their safety and effectiveness on reducing perioperative blood loss and perioperative transfusion requirement during hysteroscopic myomectomy.

Methods
This study included 60 patients scheduled for hysteroscopic myomectomy allocated into 2 groups: group A: Patient received 10 mg/kg of tranexamic acid slowly intravenous after induction of anesthesia, group B: Patients received infusion of 10 IU of oxytocin at a rate of 400 mIU/min till the end of the procedure. Preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit, need for blood transfusion, duration of operation, complications and medications’ side effects were recorded.

Results
The 2 groups were comparable in terms of mean difference between preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin an hematocrit, operative time, operative complication and medications’ adverse effects. No patient needed any blood component transfusion in both groups.

Conclusions
We concluded that tranexamic acid and oxytocin are equally effective in reducing blood loss and transfusion requirements in hysteroscopic myomectomy with good safety profile. Both of them can be used according to the availability.
The Effect of Estradiol Valerate with and without Oral Sildenafil on Endometrial Thickness and Pregnancy Rates in Infertile Women: A R.C.T
Authors: Kortam M A M F , Mohammad H F , Mobarak M H , Bazazo A A I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of sildenafil-estrogen combination compared to estrogen alone on endometrium thickness in infertile women received induction of ovulation by clomiphene citrate.

Study design
Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Settings
University hospital, Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital.

Materials and methods
90 infertile women with unexplained infertility, were recruited and randomly allocated into two equal groups, 45 patients in each. Both groups received induction of ovulation with CC 100mg/d from 2nd to 6th day of cycle and oral estradiol valerate 2mg 12 hourly from 2nd day of the cycle till the day of trigger of ovulation. In study group oral sildenafil citrate 25mg every 8 h from 2nd day of the cycle till the day of HCG trigger was added. Endometrium was evaluated as regards both endometrial thickness and pattern, uterine artery resistive index (RI) was measured at the day of trigger. Qualitative serum B-hCG level was checked 14 days after ovulation to assess chemical pregnancy rate.

Results
Mean endometrial thickness at the time of hCG trigger was 9.8 mm in study group and 8.42 mm in control group (P value &lt;0.001). 88.9% patients given sildenafil had trilaminar endometrium whereas 29% patients without sildenafil had bilaminar endometrial pattern (P value = 0.006). Mean uterine artery resistive index (RI) after adding sildenafil was non-significantly lower among study group than among control group, the value were 0.66 and 0.72 respectively (P = 0.078). Pregnancy rates in study group and control group was 17.8% and 11.1% respectively.

Conclusion
Sildenafil-estrogen combination has a potent effect on improving the endometrium (thickness and pattern) in patients undergoing induction of ovulation by clomiphene citrate. This improvement in endometrial development has a weak positive feedback on pregnancy rate.
Clinico-Epidemiological Analysis of Characteristics and Outcome in Patient with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Retrospective Study
Authors: Elbassiouny M M , Mustafa M Y , Saleh M E , Gebril N G A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of primary liver cancer. Globally, liver cancer is the 5th and 7th most common cancer in men and women, respectively. Most of HCC burden lies in developing countries. The regions of high incidence include Eastern and South-Eastern Asia, Middle and Western Africa. Worldwide, it is the third most common cause of cancer deaths

Aim of the Work
A retrospective study of Hepatocellular carcinoma patients presented to Ain Shams University Hospital clinical oncology department between the period of 1/2013 till the end of 12/2016 aiming to review of epidemiological and clinical risk factors, response to the therapy used, progression free survival and overall survival.

Patients and Methods
The current study is a retrospective analysis carried out in Ain-Shams clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine department, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University between the period of 1st January 2013 till the end of 2016, where 136 medical records were planned to be analyzed, from which 18 records were not included in analysis (8 records weren’t available in the archive, 10 contained inadequate data) and 118 were analyzed aiming at detection of the prognostic factors, response, progression free survival and overall survival of patients with HCC.

Results
Regarding age, the median age at diagnosis was 58 years (SD = 8.29), where the average median age was 57.5 years. In our study most of patients were presented with good PS, where 100 (84.7%) of them had performance status less than or equals 2 and only 18 patients (11.8%) were more than or equals 3 performance status &lt; 2 in 84 % of all cases and &gt;2 in 16 %.

Conclusion
To conclude, age as a prognostic factor significantly affects survival in favor of patients &lt; =58 years. RFA affects survival. Performance status significantly affects survival. The quality of data reported was to some extent impaired due unavailability of complete clinical, analytical and radiological information in the charts.
The Role of Platinum Based Chemotherapy in Neoadjuvant Treatment of Locally Advanced Triple Negative Breast cancer
Authors: Abdelaziz H M , Diab D R , Adel A M , Mostafa M Y , Gaddalla M M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The treatment of patients with TNBC is the biggest challenge in the breast cancer (BC) scenario. TNBC remains the poorest prognosis breast cancer (BC) subtype, usually high-grade tumors with higher incidence of visceral and cerebral metastases. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is the backbone of triple-negative breast cancer treatment.

Objective
A phase III prospective study designed to investigate the role of addition the platinum based chemotherapy to the neoadjuvant setting in treatment of locally advanced triple negative breast cancer, Considering pathological response, complete (pCR) and partial (pPR) as a primary end point, and toxicity, disease free survival as a secondary end point.

Patients and Methods
This study was a phase III prospective one. 51 female patients Included with locally advanced triple negative Breast Cancer referred to Clinical Oncology& Radiotherapy Department, AIN SHAMS University Hospitals.

Results
A total of 51 female patients between ages 23-73 years with median age was 45 years old and with locally advanced features of breast cancer, (stage IIIa-IIIb-IIIc) were enrolled in the study during a recruiting period from October 2013 till October 2017 at Ain Shams University, clinical oncology department. Six patients (11.8%) were excluded from the analysis after enrollment, they didn’t receive neoadjuvant treatment because they underwent surgery or they developed metastasis So, only 45 patients received the neoadjuvant treatment. The median follow-up duration was 19 months after surgery.

Conclusion
Clearly, there were no statistical significance neither survival benefit in addition of the platinum to the NST comparison with the classic anthracyclines + taxens treatment. Even there was more clinical regression with platinum, but more recurrence and relapse occurred. There for, there is a major need to better understand the characteristics and the clinical behavior of TNBCs with an aim to develop effective treatments for this BC subtype.
Diabetic Retinopathy Vascular Density Maps Using Optical Coherence Topography Angiography
Authors: Omran N A H , Salman A G , Farweez Y A T , Saif P S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common diabetic complications, which has become a leading cause for vision loss, mainly because of macular edema and vitreous hemorrhage.

Objective
Using Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT) and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) for qualitative and quantitative assessment of retinal vascular density in superficial capillary plexus, quantitative assessment of foveal avascular zone, choroidal vascular density map, assessment of retinal thickness and choroidal thickness in normal individuals and diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Patients and Methods
This study included 64 eyes. Diabetics and control group were recruited from internal medicine clinic in Misr University for science and Technology Hospital and asked to participate in this study. This study was designed as an observational and cross sectional study in the period from 8/2018 to 2/2019.

Results
There is decrease in Choroidal vascular density in diabetic patients. There is decrease in retinal thickness in diabetic patients and there is no significant differences in the retinal thickness between control subjects and patients with NDR.

Conclusion
Our study suggested that OCTA can identify preclinical DR before the manifestation of clinically apparent retinopathy. Our findings highlight the potential role of OCT-A in monitoring and quantifying retinal vascular alterations in diabetes
The influence of corneal astigmatism on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and optic nerve head parameter measurements by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Ahmed S M M S , Abdallah N H , Eliwa L S , Bayomy A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Astigmatism is a worldwide common ocular disorder. Total astigmatism is mainly driven by corneal astigmatism (CA), which occurs due to an irregular shape of the cornea. In eyes with astigmatism, retinal images can be distorted, and the image size could vary according to the axis of astigmatism assessed with computer-based methodology in astigmatic eyes.

Objective
to evaluate the influence of corneal astigmatism on the RNFL thickness and ONH parameters obtained by spectral-domain OCT.

Patients and Methods
40 patient chosen from outpatient ophthalmology of Ain Shams University Hospitals and Om El¬_Massrein General Hospital and classified in two groups, the study group (high astigmatic patients ≥ 3 diopter) and control group (normal astigmatism&lt; 3 diopter) with no significant change in the age and sex. All cases were free of any ocular diseases with no past history of medical importance (DM, HTN or any neurological diseases), all this cases never had any previous refractive surgery or any retinal lesion.

Results
In this study all cases had average IOP &gt; 21 mmhg, and randomly selected from the outpatient clinic. The study group had thinner retinal nerve fiber layer in temporal quadrant and larger disc area than the control group. These study support the concept that corneal astigmatism has an effect on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and optic nerve head parameters.

Conclusion
In our study, we compare between the OCT pattern of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (total, superior, nasal and inferior quadrants) and the optic nerve head parameters (cup area, disc area, vertical and horizontal C/D ratio) in the high astigmatic patients (≥ 3 diopter) and normal astigmatism &lt; 3 diopter.
Role of preservative free steroids in treatment of inflammatory punctal stenosis guided by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Elalfy H Y E M , Rashad S M , Shafek A M , Alsamkary M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Acquired inflammatory punctual stenosis is a disease commonly presented with epiphora and most common cause is long term treatment with preservative containing topical eye drops. The inflammation causes a decrease in the clearance of the medication and preservative, and their continued use will result in more inflammation and stenosis, and therefore a longer clearance time resulting in a higher concentration and longer transit time, leading to a vicious cycle.

Objective
This study was conducted to compare between the effectiveness of topical preservative free steroids eye drops and preservative free artificial tears in treatment of punctal edema in Egypt.

Methods
This prospective comparative study comprised 40 eyes with punctal edema. Group A: 20 eyes Patients in this group received preservative free hydrocortisone 2.5% eye drops 4 times daily for 1 week with tapering over 3 weeks and followed up after 1 month. And after 3 months. Group B: 20 eyes Patients in this group received one of the preservative free artificial tears available in market 4 times/day for 1 month. All subjects were subjected to history taking, slit lamp examination, Flourescene dye disappearance test for diagnosis and follow up once/month for 3 months and measuring the punctual diameter pretreatment, after 1 month and after 3 months. From treatment.

Results
Comparing the two groups, the study found that there was no statistically significant difference found between the two studied groups regarding punctual diameter pretreatment, at 1 month and at 3 months and a highly statistically significant symptomatic improvement after 3 months in preservative free steroids group more than the preservative free artificial tears group.

Conclusion
The present study compared the effectiveness of topical preservative free steroid eye drops and preservative free artificial tears as regards increase in punctual diameter and symptomatic improvement and found a statistically significant increase in symptomatic improvement in preservative free steroid group more than the preservative free artificial tears group as after 3 months and statistically significant increase in punctual diameters in both groups in comparison to control group.
Efficacy of Brimonidine Tartarate 0.2% Ophthalmic Solution on Reducing Night Vision Difficulty and Improving Contrast Sensitivity After Laser in Situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Alashry A M Y , Salman A G , Fawzy S M , Abdelaziz T M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The relation between scotopic pupil diameter and the optical zone is the most important factor in limiting night vision disturbances after LASIK. Brimonidine Tartrate is a selective alpha-2 agonist which significantly reduces scotopic pupil diameter. It can be used to improve contrast sensitivity and night vision after refractive procedures.

Objective
Subjective and objective evaluation of the effect of Brimonidine tartrate 0.2% ophthalmic solution on improving post-LASIK night vision complaints by studying its effect on the pupil diameter, contrast sensitivity, aberrations and symptoms of night vision difficulties.

Patients and Methods
This prospective study was conducted upon 34 eyes of 17 patients suffering from night vision difficulties after uneventful lasik surgery. They received one drop of Brimonidine Tartrate 0. 2% ophthalmic solution on each eye and were asked to apply one drop in each eye daily for two months. Testing was performed before drops instillation, 30 minutes, 4 hours after instillation and after 2 months of regular brimonidine use. All patients had photopic and scotopic pupillometry using Zywave aberrometer built in pupillometer, Contrast sensitivity testing using Pelli-Robson chart, Aberrometry using Zywave aberrometer. Visual night complaints was assessed with an FDA approved questionnaire taken from (LASIK quality of life collaboration project).

Results
There was a significant decrease in mean photopic and scotopic pupil diameter, spherical and total aberrations after 30 minutes, 4 hours and 2 month of once daily use of Brimonidine. Also there was a significant improvement of contrast sensitivity that remained at acceptable levels along the follow up time. All patients showed a significant visual satisfaction after 2 month of treatment.

Conclusion
Brimonidine tartrate 0. 2% ophthalmic solution can be effective in reducing night vision difficulties after LASIK by reducing scotopic pupil diameter, improving contrast sensitivity and decreasing higher order aberrations.
Comparison between limbal stem cell versus dry amniotic membrane transplantation in treatment of primary pterygium
Authors: Ghanem A M , Zaher F M , Salman A G , Nabil R M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Pterygium is a degenerative disorder of the conjunctiva which leads to encroachment of bulbar conjunctiva onto the cornea. This invasion causes irritation of ocular surface, irregular astigmatism and loss of visual acuity.surgical treatment of pterygium is directrd towards excision, prevention of recurrence and restoration of ocular surface integrity. A myriad of techniques have been described for achieving these goals. Tha main complication of these procedures is the recurrence rate, which has been estimated as high as 30%_70%.

Purpose
to compare the efficiency of limbal stem cell transplantation versus dry amniotic membrane transplantation in treatment of pterygium.

Patients and Methods
The study carried out at ophthalmology department, Ain shams university and included 20 eyes which were classified into two groups; first group included 10 eyes of patients underwent pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation. Second group included 10 eyes of patients underwent pterygium excision with limbal stem cell transplantation.

Results
the mean follow up duration was 1-3 months in both groups. On comparing recurrence rate between the studied groups which occurred only in the first group in two eyes 20%, there is no statistically significant difference found between the studied groups as regard recurrence. But it was statistically significant better with limbal conjunctival autografting. Graft rejection was not detected in the two groups during follow up period. There was no statistically significant difference found between the studied groups as regard clinical stability and graft rejection.

Conclusion
Limbal stem cell transplantation proved to be better than amniotic membrane transplantation in treatment of pterygium. As it is more effective in prevention of pterygium reccurence as well as it is of lower cost and better availability than amniotic membrane.
Correlation between optical coherence tomographic patterns and visual acuity in eyes with diabetic macular edema
Authors: Mansour HA A A , Mohamed A A , Abdeldayem H M , Mahmoud A F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus is a disease of high prevalence as well as incidence and consequence worldwide. An approximate 387 million people have been found to be affected by diabetes mellitus worldwide in 2013. It is presumed that the number of people with diabetes will almost double the current numbers by 2035.

Aim of the work
To determine what is the most important predictor assessed by spectral domain optical coherence tomographic tomography (SD-OCT) correlates with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in eyes with untreated diabetic macular edema (DME).

Patients and Methods
Sixty eyes of forty three diabetic patients were included in this observational ,non intervention study. The patients’ ages ranged from 50 to 70 years. All cases had DM type2. This study was conducted at ophthalmic clinic of Al Mataria teaching Hospital from January 2018 till November 2018. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrolment. All applicable institutional regulations concerning the ethical use of human volunteers were followed during this research.

Results
In this study, we observed statistically significant correlation between best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (C. S. T), moreover this study detect that the most important OCT pattern affecting vision is the presence of central macular edema.

Conclusion
In untreated diabetic macular edema cystoid macular edema was the most common OCT pattern and has worest vision during 1st ophthalmic examination