bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN BITCOIN SEBAGAI ALAT PEMBAYARAN ZAKAT MENURUT PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Tektona Rahmadi Indra , Safilia Nadya Ulfa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractZakat payments are increasingly developing in the current digital era, the Shackwell Lane Mosque in Hackney, London, England accepts zakat payments in other forms other than cash which is of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin. Related to the halal controversy and the prohibition of the use of bitcoin digital currency in Islamic law, Zayd al-Khair as a religious adviser at the mosque said, if Islamic scholars have argued and supported the use of cryptocurrencies. The purpose of this study is to find out and understand the use of bitcoin as a purpose of payment of zakat that is legal and accordance with Islamic law or not, in the sense that nothing deviates from the principles of Islamic law. The research method used is normative juridical. Bitcoin can be said to be haram because it contains the element of gharar and cannot be used as zakat payment. This is reinforced by the MUI fatwa No. 13 of 2011 about the law of zakat on haram assets which emphasizes that haram assets cannot be the compulsory object of zakat. AbstrakPembayaran zakat semakin berkembang di era digital saat ini, Masjid Shackwell Lane di Hackney, London, Inggris menerima pembayaran zakat dalam bentuk lain di luar uang tunai yaitu berupa mata uang kripto seperti Bitcoin. Terkait dengan kontroversi halal dan haramnya penggunaan mata uang digital bitcoin dalam hukum Islam, Zayd al-Khair sebagai penasihat agama di masjid mengatakan, jika para cendekiawan Islam telah berdebat dan mendukung penggunaan mata uang kripto. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan memahami penggunaan bitcoin sebagai alat pem­baya­ran zakat yang sah dan sesuai dengan hukum Islam atau tidak, dalam arti tidak ada hal-hal yang menyimpang dari prinsip hukum Islam itu sendiri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu tipe penelitian yuridis norma­tif. Bitcoin dapat dikatakan haram karena mengandung unsur gharar dan tidak dapat digunakan sebagai pembayaran zakat. Ini diperkuat dengan Fatwa MUI No 13 Tahun 2011 tentang Hukum Zakat atas Harta Haram yang menegaskan bahwa harta haram tidak bisa menjadi objek wajib zakat.
HUKUM WARIS ISLAM SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN KEPEMILIKAN HARTA
Authors: Taqiyuddin Hafidz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract: This research aims to explore how the distinction of Islamic inheritance law as an instrument in the right to own property. The topic of "human and wealth" is a theme that is quite interesting and popular both in academic circles and among the general public. Discourse on this matter can be highlighted from the legal and economic aspects. Furthermore, wealth in Islam is one of the mandates given to humans as majāzi owners. This paper wants to explore the ownership of assets originating from inheritance regulated by Islamic inheritance law. Property ownership by inheritance is interesting to analyze because it has differences with other ways of obtaining ownership of assets. The research data was obtained through library research. After the concepts and philosophy of ownership of property through inheritance in Islam are studied and understood, the data are then analyzed comprehensively to find the characteristics and distinctions possessed by Islamic inheritance law. This research found that the important characteristics or principles in ownership of property through inheritance in Islam is the principle of ijbari, namely ownership of property by inheritance cannot be determined by humans. Then, in Islamic inheritance law there are also other principles, namely bilateral and balanced justice. These principles make this inheritance law different from other inheritance laws specifically and ownership of assets in other ways. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana distingsi hukum waris Islam sebagai instrumen dalam hak untuk memiliki harta. Topik mengenai “manusia dan harta” merupakan tema yang cukup menarik dan popular baik di kalangan akademik maupun di kalangan umum. Diskursus mengenai hal tersebut dapat disorot dari aspek hukum maupun ekonomi. Selanjutnya, harta dalam Islam merupakan salah satu amanat yang diberikan kepada manusia sebagai pemilik secara majāzi. Tulisan ini ingin mengeksplorasi perihal kepemilikan harta yang berasal dari harta warisan yang diatur oleh hukum waris Islam. Kepemilikan harta dengan cara pewarisan menjadi menarik untuk dianalisa karna memiliki perbedaan dengan cara lain dalam memperoleh kepemilikan harta. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui penelitian pustaka (library research). Setelah konsep dan filosofi dari kepemilikan harta melalui pewarisan dalam Islam dipelajari dan difahami, data kemudian dianalisa secara komprehensif untuk menemukan karakteristik dan distingsi yang dimiliki oleh hukum waris Islam. Penelitian ini menemukan karakteristik atau prinsip penting dalam kepemilikan harta melalui pewarisan dalam Islam adalah prinsip ijbari, yakni kepemilikan harta dengan cara pewarisan tidak bisa ditentukan oleh manusia. Kemudian, dalam hukum waris Islam juga terdapat asas lain, yakni bilateral dan keadilan berimbang. Asas-asas tersebut menjadikan hukum waris ini berbeda dengan hukum waris lain secara khusus dan kepemilikan harta dengan cara lain.
2 February 1816, an Overlooked North Atlantic M 8 Earthquake
Authors: Ribeiro José R. , P. S. Correia Ana , I. C. Ribeiro Ana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe 2 February 1816 North Atlantic earthquake is virtually unknown to the international scientific community, and the few existing studies—solely based on two or three macroseismic intensities—pointed to a magnitude near 7 and a location at the eastern end of the Gloria fault in the Azores-Gibraltar Fracture Zone (AGFZ). Through careful search, we discovered more than 40 independent macroseismic observations and were able to estimate a total of 26 values of intensity, covering a wide geographical area (Iberian Peninsula, Madeira, and Azores). To apply the Bakun and Wentworth (B&W) method to the macroseismic dataset, we also deduced intensity–distance attenuation equations for the three different Atlantic coasts. The B&W procedure enabled us to conclude that the 2 February 1816 earthquake had a moment magnitude of 8.6±0.3 at the 95% confidence level and an epicentral location of 37.8° N and 19.8° W, near the central part of the Gloria fault. These results place the event as the greatest known earthquake in the Gloria fault domain and as one of the greatest ever seismic events along the AGFZ, probably only surpassed by the 1755 Lisbon earthquake.
KONSEP KERUKUNAN DALAM KOMUNIKASI PEMBANGUNAN AGAMA DI SOSIAL MEDIA
Authors: Rahmatika Arina 
Published: July 2020

Information and communication technology is growing rapidly in Indonesia and has become part of the community, one of which is social media. The social presence of the media as a public space becomes a new style of communication even in creating inter-religious communication spacesin the community. This certainly will affect the level of harmony among religious people in Indonesia. Through communication of the development of social media as a medium of communication, dissemination, it is hoped that it can build a strengthening of religious harmony through various elements of society, both individual and institutional
NASKAH PERUKUNAN BATU CANGKU: PERAN DAKWAH TUAN GURU TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BUDAYA LITERASI MASYARAKAT MUSLIM-SASAK
Authors: Hamzani Yusri 
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses the diversity of Sasak villagers at Batu Cangku, Sapit village, Suela subdistrict, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara in the past. This paper concerns on three major issues; (1) The history of the diversity of Sasak villagers in the past, (2) The role of Islamic teachers to transform the diversity, (3) The frst Mazhab adopted by the villagers after the transformation from Islam Wetu Telu to Islam Waktu Lima. These issues were analyzed with min aln?? il? al-w?qi’. Regarding to the history of the diversity of Sasak villagers, the present researcher found that the transformation occured in their faith;started from Animism-Dinamism, HinduBuddha, Boda Sasak-Islam. In applying Islamic thought, they were divided into two different communities; Islam Wetu Telu and Islam Waktu Lima. The frst community was closer to Islam Abangan in Java, while the second community was the same as Islam as general. In addition, in relation to Islamic teachers, they were as the agents of change of this transformation. Meanwhile, in term of the thought adopted, the majority of Islamic teachers taught Mazhab Sy?f’i. As a result, The villagers, the frst generation of Islam Waktu Lima, practiced this Mazhab for their worship. The data were found in a manuscript of Islam Waktu Lima as their guidance for daily worship.
STABILITAS HASIL BEBERAPA GALUR WIJEN
Authors: SUPRIJONO . , MARDJONO RUSIM , SUDARMO HADI 
Published: July 2020

<p>Penelitian dilaksanakan pada musim tanam 2003 di 4 lokasi yaitu, Kabupaten Lumajang, Bojonegoro, Nganjuk dan Sragen. Penelitian ini betujuan untuk memperoleh galur-galur unggul yang dapat beradaptasi dengan lingkungan pengembangan wijen dengan produktivitas tinggi. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan tcrdiri dari 12 galur harapan yaitu SI.14, SI.16, SI.18, SI 20, SI.21, SI.24, SI.25, SI.26, S1.28, SI.31, SI.13, SI.40, dan sebagai pembanding digunakan 2 varietas komersial yaitu Sumberrejo 1 dan Sumberrejo 2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 galur unggul yaitu galur SI.14, SI.16, SI.18, SI.24 potensi hasil sama dengan varietas Sbr. I mempunyai adaptasi luas (galur stabil). Empat galur lainnya dapat bcrproduksi tinggi apabila ditanam pada kondisi lingkungan sesuai (spesifik lokasi). Galur SI. 21 dan SI 25 sesuai untuk daerah Nganjuk dan Sragen, galur SI 20 untuk daerah Bojonegoro dan Nganjuk, dan SI 28 untuk daerah Lumajang.</p><p>Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., galur, hasil, spesifik lokasi</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Yield Stabibity of Sesame Lines</strong></p><p>The experiment was conducted at four locations of sesame development area, viz. Lumajang, Bojonegoro, Nganjuk and Sragen districts, in 2003 planting seasons. The aim of this experiment was to find out the sesame lines having high productictivity and suitable for the development areas. Twelve promising lines, namely SI.14, SI.16, SI.18, SI.20, SI.21, SI.24, SI.25, SI.26, SI.28, SI.3I, SI.13, SI.40, and two control varieties (Sumberrejo 1 and Sumbenejo 2) were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. The result of this experimental found out 4 superior lines (SI 14, SI 16, SI 18, and SI 24) that have the same potential as Sbr I variety, gave broad adaption to all locations (stable lines). Nevertheless the other four lines evaluated showed as the specific location lines. Those lines arc SI 21 and SI 25 that are appropriate for nganjuk and Sragen; SI 20 that is appropriate for Bojonegoro and Nganjuk, and SI 28 that is appropriate for Lumajang.</p><p>Key words : Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., line, yield, specific location</p>
KERAGAMAN GENETIK BEBERAPA ISOLAT Phytophthora palmivora PENYEBAB PENYAKIT GUGUR BUAH PADA KELAPA BERDASARKAN PENANDA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD)
Authors: MOTULO HIASINTA F. J. , SINAGA MEITY S. , MANDANG SIENTJE , TJAHJOLEKSONO ARIS 
Published: July 2020

<p>Profil pita DNA 16 isolat Phytoplhora palmivora yang dikoleksi dari pertanaman kelapa terserang penyakit gugur buah telah dikarakterisasi berdasarkan random amplfied polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Keragaman genetik di antara 16 isolat sangat tinggi yaitu 40.6%. Dengan mengguna¬ kan 9 jenis primer acak dari Operon Alameda pada tingkat kesamaan 80% didapatkan dua kelompok RAPD yang berbeda. Kelompok I terdiri atas isolate 94P20 dari Sumatera Barat, 93P26 dari Lampung, dan 93P104 dari Tumaluntung, Sulawesi Utara. Kelompok II terdiri atas 3 isolat yaitu 93P54 dari Aceh, PKW dan 99P01 dari Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, sedangkan sembilan isolate lainnya mcngelompok tcrpisah satu sama lainnya.</p><p>Kata kunci: Kelapa, Cocos nucifera, Pylophlhora palmivora, keragaman genetik, RAPD</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Genetic diversity of some Phytophthora palmivora isolates causes nutfall disease on coconut plantation based on the Random Amplied Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)</strong></p><p>A total of 16 isolates of Phytophthora palmivora obtained rom diseased coconut plants showing nutfall disease were characterized by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). By using nine primers of Operon Alameda, two distinct RAPD groups with 80% similarity were obtained. Genetic diversity (using the distance matrix method) among 16 isolates of P. palmivora were highly different at 40.6%. Group 1 contained 3 isolates i.e. 94P20 from West Sumatera, 93P26 from Lampung, and 93P104 rom Tumaluntung, North Sulawesi. Group II contained 3 isolates i.e. 93P54 rom Aceh, PKW and 99P01 from Pakuwon, West Jawa, while other 9 isolates formed separated single group.</p><p>Key words : Coconut, Cocos nucfera, Phytophthora palmivora, genetic diversity, RAPD</p>
FORMULASI FLY SPRAY DARI EKSTRAK PIRETRUM DAN EFFEKTIVITASNYA TERHADAP SERANGGA RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: YULIANI SRI , TRITIANINGSIH . , RUSLI SOFYAN 
Published: July 2020

<p>Telah dilakukan pembuatan formula fly spray dengan bahan aktif utama ekstrak piretrum dan uji efTektivitasnya dilakukan terhadap serangga rumah tangga. Penelitian dimulai dari April sampai Oktober 2001 di Laboratorium Fisiologi Hasil dan Keteknikan, Balinro dan Laboratorium Entomologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, IPB Komponen formula terdiri dari ekstrak piretrum, minyak serai wangi, minyak wijen, naftalen, pine oil, pclarut pertasol CB dan LAWS. Perlakuan formulasi yaitu dibual variasi konsentrasi ekstrak piretrum ( 0.041% dan 0.052% ), penambahan/tanpa pine oil (0%, 0.1%) dan natalen (0%, 1.0%) serta jenis pclarut (LAWS dan pertasol CB). Uji effektivitas dilakukan terhadap serangga rumah tangga yaitu lalat, nyamuk, semut dan kecoa. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dua formula yaitu Fi dan F, adalah formula paling effektif terhadap lalat Musca domeslica dan sebagai formula terpilih adalah Fj. Formula ini effektif terhadap nyamuk Culex qumquefasciatus dengan mematikan 92% pada menit ke dua sangat efektif terhadap semut t'onera sp. dengan angka kematian 100% pada menit ke dua, dan kurang effektif terhadap kecoa Blatella germanica menyebabkan kematian 90% pada menil ke 30. Komposisi formula F&gt; terdii dari ekstrak piretrum dengan kadar piretrin 0.041%, minyak serai wangi 0.1%, minyak wijen 3%, natalen 1% dan pelarut LAWS. Pelarut terbaik untuk formula ini adalah LAWS.</p><p>Kata kunci: Fly spray, Piretrum, formulasi, uji effektivitas, serangga rumah tangga</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong></p><p><strong>Fly spray formulation of pyrethrum extract and its effectiveness on houseflies</strong></p><p>The production of ly spray formula with active ingredient pyrethrum extract and its efficacy on houselics were conducted from Apil to October 2001 at (he Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Bogor and at Entomology laboratory of FKH - IPB. The formula was made from pyrethrum extract, citronella oil, sesame oil, natalein, pine oil and solvent, i.e pertasol CB and LAWS. The parameters observed were the variation concentration of pyrethrum extract (0.041% and 0.051%), added with pine oil (0%, 0.1%), natalein (0%, 1.0%) and solvents (LAWS and pertasol CB). The eficacy lest was conducted on houselies which included housely, mosquito, ant and cockroach. The result showed that F&gt; and Fi were ihe most effective to M. domeslica and Fi is the selected formula. Fi was effective to Cx. qumquefasciatus mosquito which killed 92% of the mosquito in two minutes, and very effective to Ponera sp ants which killed 100% in iwo minutes, and less effective to B. germanica cockroach which killed 90% in half hour. The Fj formula was made from pyrethrum extract with 0.041% piretrin, 0.1% citronella oil, 3% sesame oil, 1% natalein and LAWS solvent LAWS was the best solvent for the formula.</p><p>Key words : Fly spray, pyrethrum, formulation, efficacy test, houselies</p>
Cambio organizacional: un modelo que dinamiza la transformación
Authors: Fierro-Celis Fernando Adolfo 
Published: July 2020

Rev.esc.adm.neg
El objetivo de este artículo es proponer un nuevo modelo de cambio organizacional o CO basado en teorías contemporáneas que puedan suplir el enfoque de los antiguos modelos de CO, con lo que se pretende desarrollar un nuevo marco conceptual. Se busca que esta propuesta ayude, de manera amplia, a entender las transformaciones y los momentos por los que atraviesan las organizaciones en los procesos de cambio; y que a su vez se convierta en una herramienta que permita ubicar al director ejecutivo en el camino a seguir frente a los posibles escenarios que se puedan presentar en dicho proceso. El modelo, presentado de modo holístico tiene en cuenta los diferentes factores de cambio: individuo-organización-entorno, y sugiere cinco procesos claves: identificación de la estrategia, valor de la organización, personal de la empresa, manejo de la información y evaluación del desempeño; de esta manera, el gerente general puede establecer el anclaje de cambio y, a partir de él, el proceso eficiente en la trasformación de la empresa. Se concluye que el modelo es una nueva alternativa, susceptible a la interpretación, la aplicación, el cuestionamiento y el mejoramiento, que puede convertirse en una herramienta útil para instituciones que están en contextos turbulentos y de incertidumbre, ya que pueden establecer el direccionamiento desde cualquier arista establecida por el modelo sin que sea necesario que se desarrolle en su totalidad, pues lo importante es la capacidad de respuesta rápida.
A blended eHealth intervention for insomnia following acquired brain injury study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ford Marthe , Geurtsen Gert J. , Groet Erny , Bennekom Coen A.M. Van , Someren Eus J.W. Van 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Up to a third of stroke patients and patients with traumatic brain injury suffer from insomnia, including problems to fall asleep or stay asleep at night. Insomnia may exacerbate other brain damage-related problems, for example regarding cognitive functioning and emotional well-being, may lead to poorer quality of life, and may complicate recovery processes. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia, delivered face-to-face or online, is found to be effective in the general population. However, despite the high prevalence and serious consequences of insomnia following acquired brain injury, studies on the efficacy of face-to-face cognitive behavioural treatment in this population are scarce, and this applies even more for studies on online cognitive behavioural therapy. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed guided online cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia following acquired brain injury.Methods: A multicenter randomized controlled trial will be conducted, in which 48 patients diagnosed with stroke or traumatic brain injury, and insomnia will be randomly allocated to the online cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia treatment group or the treatment as usual group. The treatment consists of 6 online cognitive behavioural therapy sessions given on a weekly basis and personalized feedback after each session, combined with 2 face-to-face sessions. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention period and at 6 weeks follow up. The primary outcome is the insomnia severity assessed with the insomnia severity index. Secondary outcome measures include sleep quality, sleep features derived from the sleep diary, fatigue, anxiety and depression, subjective cognitive functioning and societal participation.Discussion: This study will provide insight on the efficacy of online cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia following stroke and traumatic brain injury.Trial Register: Netherlands Trial Register, NTR7082, 12 March 2018
Adoption Rates of Electronic Health Records in Turkish Hospitals and the Relation with Hospital Sizes
Authors: Kose Ilker , Rayner John , Birinci Suayip , Ulgu Mustafa Mahir , Yilmaz Ismayil , Guner Seyma 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background : Nation-wide adoption of electronic health records (EHRs) in hospitals has become a Turkish policy priority in recognition of their benefits in maintaining the overall quality of clinical care. The electronic medical record maturity model (EMRAM) is a widely used survey tool developed by the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) to measure the rate of adoption of EHR functions in a hospital or a secondary care setting. Turkey completed many standardizations and infrastructural improvement initiatives in the health information technology (IT) domain during the first phase of the Health Transformation Program between 2003 and 2017. Like the United States of America (USA), the Turkish Ministry of Health (MoH) applied a bottom-up approach to adopting EHRs in state hospitals. This study aims to measure adoption rates and levels of EHR use in state hospitals in Turkey and investigate any relationship between adoption and use and hospital size. Methods : EMRAM surveys were completed by 600 (68.9%) state hospitals in Turkey between 2014 and 2017. The availability and prevalence of medical information systems and EHR functions and their use were measured. The association between hospital size and the availability/prevalence of EHR functions was also calculated. Results: We found that 63.1% of all hospitals in Turkey have at least basic EHR functions, and 36% have comprehensive EHR functions, which compares favourably to the results of Korean hospitals in 2017, but unfavorably to the results of US hospitals in 2015 and 2017. Our findings suggest that smaller hospitals are better at adopting certain EHR functions than larger hospitals. Conclusion: Measuring the overall adoption rates of EHR functions is an emerging approach and a beneficial tool for the strategic management of countries. This study is the first one covering all state hospitals in a country using EMRAM. The bottom-up approach to adopting EHR in state hospitals that was successful in the USA has also been found to be successful in Turkey. The results are used by the Turkish MoH to disseminate the nation-wide benefits of EHR functions.