bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lomax-Rayleigh distribution: traditional and heuristic methods of estimation
Authors: Al-Anber Nashaat J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We introduce a continuous distribution called the Lomax-Rayleigh (L-R) distribution that extends the Lomax distribution. The generalization of the probability density function, cumulative distribution function of this distribution and the expression for moment generating function was established. We considered a traditional methods of estimation such as the maximum likelihood method and nonlinear least square estimation method to estimate the parameters and utilizing the Artificial Intelligence Algorithms such as Genetics Algorithm and pattern search method in estimation process. A comparison study among that methods is carried out through simulation experiments. We concluded that pattern search method is more efficient than other methods depending upon mean square error criteria.
Semi-Analytical Method with Laplace Transform for Certain Types of Nonlinear Problems
Authors: Mohammed Areej Salah , Abd Almjeed Sinan H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the approximate solution is found for the Fornberg-Whitham equation (F-W) by using two analytical methods which are the Laplace decomposition method (LDM) and modified Laplace decomposition method (MLDM) with comparison between these methods for which gave the best approximate solution near to the exact solution, The analytical results of these methods have been received in terms of convergent series with easily calculable components. The results show that the modified method was found to be efficient, accurate and fast compared to the second method used in this research.
Intuitionistic fuzzy

S

-filter in Q-algebra
Authors: Abdullah Habeeb Kareem , Naji Rakzan Shaker 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This project aimed to concept types intuitionistic fuzzy

S

-filter and intuitionistic fuzzy complete

S

-filter of Q-algebra. Showing the relationship between the different types of intuitionistic fuzzy filters and condition that must be put on Q-algebra using an example putting forward to explain that. Explore the properties of the types of intuitionistic fuzzy filter, finally a chart has been drawn up showing the types and relationship between them.
Study about fuzzyω-paracompact space in fuzzy topological space
Authors: AL-Khafaji Munir Abdul Khalik , Abdulhusein Gazwan Haider 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new class of fuzzy paracompact space is named fuzzy ω- paracompact space on fuzzy topological space also study the relationships with fuzzy ω- separation axioms and we give some characterization on fuzzy ω- paracompact space by using fuzzy countable set also we study the fuzzy ω- paracompact subspace and consider some relationship between fuzzy paracompact space and fuzzy ω- paracompact space by using certain types of fuzzy ω- continuous functions.
Normed Space Of Measurable Functions With Some Of Their Properties
Authors: Al-Afloogee Asawer J. , Al-Mayahi Noori F. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Let L
0(Ω, F, μ) be the space of measurable functions defined on measure space (Ω, F, μ), where we consider any two functions in which are equal almost everywhere (a. e). Then L
0(Ω, F, μ) is complete metric space with respect to metric functions defined by

d
(
f
,
g
)
=

∫

Ω

|

f
−
g

|

1
+

|

f
−
g

|

d
μ

for all f, g ∈ L
0(Ω, F, μ). This paper includes two main parts, the first part we prove this space L
0(Ω, F, μ) in general is not a normed space, and second we prove norm on L
0(Ω, F, μ) achieved if and only if she was Ω is the finite union of disjoint atom.
Weak* topology on modular space and some properties
Authors: Jabber Murtda Mohammed , Al-Mayahi Noori Farhan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study aims to redefine the weak topology onσ(XM*,XM**)on a specific topological dual space (modular dual spaceXM*) this is weak topology generated by all linear bounded functional onXM*, but we interested in a subspace of this topology generated byXMcalled weak* topology onXM*, it follows from that the modular spaceXMover the fieldKcan be embedded inXM**by using the canonical map, we denoted to this topology byσ(XM*,XM). After that, we checked the weak* topology is Hausdorff and investigated some properties, finally, we showed that under which condition the strong topology and the weak* topology coincided.
Generalized Rough Digraphs and Related Topologies
Authors: Sarmad Samah , Yousif Yousif Yaqoub 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The primary objective of this paper, is to introduce eight types of topologies on a finite digraphs and state the implication between these topologies. Also we used supra open digraphs to introduce a new types for approximation rough digraphs.
Soft Closure Spaces
Authors: Ekram Shahad Thaar , Majeed Rasha Naser 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the concept of soft closure spaces is defined and studied its basic properties. We show that the concept soft closure spaces are a generalization to the concept of Čech soft closure spaces introduced by Krishnaveni and Sekar. In addition, the concepts of subspaces and product spaces are extended to soft closure spaces and discussed some of their properties.
Presentation of the subgroups of Mathieu Group using Groupoid
Authors: Alokbi Nisreen , Mayah Faik 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Mathieu groups are one type of the sporadic simple groups, they turn out not to be isomorphic to any member of the infinite families of finite simple groups. Study these groups is interesting since their orders are very high. Groupoid can be used to find the presentation of the subgroups of the Mathieu groups. The idea is creating a groupoid by acting the Mathieu group on a subset of this group and then calculating the presentation of the vertex group of the groupoid which represents the presentation of the subgroup as the vertex groups are isomorphic.
Employ the Principle Components in the Detection of Feedback
Authors: Hayawi Heyam A.A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In linear dynamic feedback models, the relationship between two input series input and output shows that the approach is a propose to discover a feedback in linear dynamic system through examining autocorrelation function and partial autocorrelation function for principle components by using few tests of time series identification and exact using Ljung-Box test depending on Simulation approach to show the efficiency of the suggested approach and application on linear and nonlinear models within and without feedback, The obtained result is good and encourage.
Applications of Partial Differentail Equations
Authors: Hussein Alshmary Rusul Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There are many engineering, physical and other applications that need special mathematical equations to solve them. One of the most important equations that have a large role in the applications of science is partial differential equations. The partial differential equations are two types: linear and nonlinear. There is a wide range of functional equations that highlight the importance of PDE for example: electrostatics, heat conduction, transmission line, quantum mechanics and wave theory. In this study we will discuss the theoretical part of those applications that are used PDEs, trying to clarify more than order of the partial differential equations in one, two, three dimensions.
Second harmonic generation in 2D layered materials
Authors: Zhang Jiantian , Zhao Weina , Yu Peng , Yang Guowei , Liu Zheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) of two-dimensional (2D) layered materials has attracted immense research interests due to the abilities of photon generation, manipulation, transmission, detection, and imaging for the applications of modern on-chip nanophotonic devices. Some layered materials with broken inversion symmetry associated with their 2D nature enable the development of nanophotonic and nanooptoelectronic devices based on the second harmonic generation effect. Recently, many 2D materials with broken inversion symmetry have been discovered, which not only exhibit SHG quantum effects but also greatly promote the development of nanophotonics. In this review, we review the recent developments of all 2D SHG materials, including the graphene-like family, transition metal dichalcogenides, IIIA-VIA compounds and others. We focus on their fabrication, structural characteristics, and generating mechanism and basic characteristics of SHG, associated with the main strategies to tune, modulate, and enhance the SHG of 2D materials. Additionally, several practical applications and possible future research directions of 2D material-based SHG are discussed.
Cytocompatibility of porous P-containing coating prepared by plasma electrolytic oxidation of Mg alloy
Authors: Jiao Yang , Zou Guo-You , Mu Hong-Xin , Ni Xiao-Hui , Yi Lei , Zhao Quan-Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Magnesium alloys are potential biodegradable hard-tissue implant materials because of their excellent biomechanical compatibility, biosafety, and absorbability. In order to further improve the biocompatibility of these alloys, a ceramic coating was prepared on the surface of a magnesium alloy specimen by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in a phosphate solution. The ceramic coating has a rough surface, porous structure, and no harmful elements in the ceramic membrane. Further, experiments with MG63 cells show that the PEO ceramic coating can promote cell adhesion and proliferation, and it causes no obvious cytotoxicity. In conclusion, PEO can be used to prepare a suitable ceramic coating on the surface of the magnesium alloy, thereby increasing its potential for clinical applications.
Computational feasibility of simulating whole-organ vascular networks
Authors: Donahue William P , Newhauser Wayne D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The human body contains approximately 20 billion blood vessels, which transport nutrients, oxygen, immune cells, and signals throughout the body. The brain's vasculature includes up to 9 billion of these vessels to support cognition, motor processes, and myriad other vital functions. To model blood flowing through a vasculature, a geometric description of the vessels is required. Previously reported attempts to model vascular geometries have produced highly-detailed models. These models, however, are limited to a small fraction of the human brain, and little was known about the feasibility of computationally modeling whole-organ-sized networks. We implemented a fractal-based algorithm to construct a vasculature the size of the human brain and evaluated the algorithm's speed and memory requirements. Using high-performance computing systems, the algorithm constructed a vasculature comprising 17 billion vessels in 1960 core-hours, or 49 minutes of wall-clock time, and required less than 32 GB of memory per node. We demonstrated strong scalability that was limited mainly by input/output operations. The results of this study demonstrated, for the first time, that it is feasible to computationally model the vasculature of the whole human brain. These findings provide key insights into the computational aspects of modeling whole-organ vasculature.
Implications of non-Markovian dynamics on information-driven engine
Authors: Abah Obinna , Paternostro Mauro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The understanding of memory effects arising from the interaction between system and environment is a key for engineering quantum thermodynamic devices beyond the standard Markovian limit. We study the performance of measurement-based thermal machine whose working medium dynamics is subject to backflow of information from the reservoir via collision based model. In this study, the non-Markovian effect is introduced by allowing for additional unitary interactions between the environments. We present two strategies of realizing non-Markovian dynamics and study their influence on the performance of the engine. Moreover, the role of system-environment memory effects on the engine work extraction and information gain through measurement can be beneficial in short time.
Probing the spectral dimension of quantum network geometries
Authors: Nokkala Johannes , Piilo Jyrki , Bianconi Ginestra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We consider an environment for an open quantum system described by a ‘quantum network geometry with flavor’ (QNGF) in which the nodes are coupled quantum oscillators. The geometrical nature of QNGF is reflected in the spectral properties of the Laplacian matrix of the network which display a finite spectral dimension, determining also the frequencies of the normal modes of QNGFs. We show that an a priori unknown spectral dimension can be indirectly estimated by coupling an auxiliary open quantum system to the network and probing the normal mode frequencies in the low frequency regime. We find that the network parameters do not affect the estimate; in this sense it is a property of the network geometry, rather than the values of, e.g., oscillator bare frequencies or the constant coupling strength. Numerical evidence suggests that the estimate is also robust both to small changes in the high frequency cutoff and noisy or missing normal mode frequencies. We propose to couple the auxiliary system to a subset of network nodes with random coupling strengths to reveal and resolve a sufficiently large subset of normal mode frequencies.
Density matrix to quantum master equation (QME) model for arrays of Coulomb coupled quantum dots in the sequential tunneling regime
Authors: Singha Aniket 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Coulomb coupled quantum dot arrays with staircase ground state configuration have been proposed in literature for enhancing heat-harvesting and refrigeration performance (Erdman et al 2018 Phys. Rev. B 98, 045433; Walldorf et al 2017 Phys. Rev. B 96, 115415; Daré 2019 Phys. Rev. B 100 195427; Zhang and Chen 2019 Physica E 114, 113635; Daré and Lombardo 2017 Phys. Rev. B 96, 115414; Zhang et al 2016 Energy
95, 593; Sánchez and Büttiker 2011 Phys. Rev. B 83 085428; Singha 2018 Phys. Lett. A 382, 3026). Due to their mutual Coulomb interaction, a performance analysis of such systems remains complicated and necessitates consideration of microscopic physics using density matrix formulation. However the path of transport analysis starting from the system Hamiltonian to density matrix formulation is complicated and lacks the simplicity and intuitive aspect of sequential electron transport conveyed by the quantum master equation (QME) approach. In this paper, starting from the system Hamiltonian and employing the density matrix formulation, I derive the QME of a system of three quantum dots, two of which are electro-statically coupled. The framework elaborated in this paper can be further extended to derive QME of systems with higher number of Coulomb coupled quantum dots. Hence, the formulation developed in this paper can pave the way towards an intuitive analysis of transport physics for an array of Coulomb coupled quantum dots in the sequential tunneling regime.
Multidisciplinary practice advancement: Role of a clinical pharmacy specialist in a pediatric specialty clinic
Authors: Lynton Jessica J , Mersch Alex , Ferguson Polly J 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeTo describe clinical pharmacy specialists’ role in improving the use of specialty medications within a pediatric outpatient setting.SummaryThe outpatient pediatric specialty clinic (PSC) at the University of Iowa added a clinical pharmacy specialist to multidisciplinary teams within the PSC to focus on patient education, providing clinical recommendations, coordinating insurance approval, addressing barriers to adherence, and performing follow-up monitoring. Supplemental activities include coordinating between the electronic health record–integrated on-site specialty pharmacy and the PSC, assisting with quality improvement projects, developing policy revisions, negotiating access to specialty products, and answering medication information questions. Benefits in workflow efficiency, documentation, and revenue generation resulting from implementation of the pharmacist within the PSC have been identified by the clinic and the specialty pharmacy. The specialty pharmacy identified an increase in the rate of specialty prescription capture from 14% to 50%, leading to an increase in revenue for the health system. Within 12 months of the addition of the pharmacist to the team, an improvement in the rate of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine administration to pediatric patients of 25.7 percentage points, medication adherence of &gt;90%, and a 75% relative increase in appropriate hydroxychloroquine dosing were recognized. Due to the pharmacist’s impact on the PSC, a full-time pharmacist was added to the pediatric team to cover additional clinics, and 2 benefits investigation technicians were hired and funded by the PSC.ConclusionAn interdisciplinary team with an integrated pharmacist has facilitated sustainable improvements in medication access and adherence and clinical and quality measures, benefiting patients, the pediatric clinic, the specialty pharmacy, and the hospital organization.
The pharmacist’s role in implementation of the ABCDEF bundle into clinical practice
Authors: Schmidt Lauren E , Patel Sneha , Stollings Joanna L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To summarize published data regarding implementation of the ABCDEF bundle, a multicomponent process for avoidance of oversedation and prolonged ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU) patients; discuss pertinent literature to support each bundle element; and discuss the role of the pharmacist in coordinating bundle elements and implementation of the ABCDEF bundle into clinical practice.

Summary
Neuromuscular weakness and ICU-acquired weakness are common among critically ill patients and associated with significant cost and societal burdens. Recent literature supporting early liberation from mechanical ventilation and early mobilization has demonstrated improved short- and long-term outcomes. With expanded use of pharmacy services in the ICU setting, pharmacists are well positioned to advocate for best care practices in ICUs. A dedicated, interprofessional team is necessary for the implementation of the ABCDEF bundle in inpatient clinical practice settings. As evidenced by a number of studies, successful implementation of the ABCDEF bundle derives from involvement by motivated and highly trained individuals, timely completion of individual patient care tasks, and effective leadership to ensure proper implementation and ongoing support. Factors commonly identified by clinicians as barriers to bundle implementation in clinical practice include patient instability and safety concerns, lack of knowledge, staff concerns, unclear protocol criteria, and lack of interprofessional team care coordination. This narrative review discusses research on bundle elements and recommendations for application by pharmacists in clinical practice.

Conclusions
Despite the benefits associated with implementation of the ABCDEF bundle, evidence suggests that the recommended interventions may not be routinely used within the ICU. The pharmacist provides the expertise and knowledge for adoption of the bundle into everyday clinical practice.
Aesthetic Surgery in Plastic Surgery Academia
Authors: Perdikis Galen , Eaves Felmont F , Glassman Gabriella E , Walker Sallie , Huang Li-Ching , Mast Bruce , Damitz Lynn , Rubin J Peter , Serletti Joseph M , Hansen Juliana , Potochny John , Kenkel Jeffery , Taub Peter J , Sobczyk Sara , Gilman Robert H , Saint-Cyr Michel Hector , Cederna Paul 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Aesthetic surgery is a critical component of academic plastic surgery. As institutions are placing increased focus on aesthetic surgery, there is an opportunity to identify factors that facilitate the creation and maintenance of successful aesthetic plastic surgery programs.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to conduct a national survey to evaluate the current state of academic aesthetic surgery and to identify factors that contribute to success.

Methods
A REDCap 122-question survey was developed and validated by members of the Academic Aesthetic Surgery Roundtable (AASR). The national survey was distributed to department chairs and division chiefs with active ACGME-approved plastic surgery programs (n = 92). Responses underwent Pearson’s chi-squared, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and postselection inference analyses. AASR members convened to interpret data and identify best practices.

Results
Responses were received from 64 of 92 queries (69.6%). The multivariate analysis concluded traits associated with successful academic aesthetic surgery practices included the presence of aesthetic surgery–focused, full-time faculty whose overall practice includes &gt;50% aesthetic surgery (P = 0.040) and nonphysician aesthetic practitioners who provide injection services (P = 0.025). In the univariate analysis, factors associated with strong aesthetic surgery training programs included resident participation in faculty aesthetic clinics (P = 0.034), aesthetic research (P = 0.006), and discounted resident aesthetic clinics (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
The growth of academic aesthetic surgery practices represents a significant opportunity for advancement of resident training, departmental financial success, and diversification of faculty practices. By identifying and sharing best practices and strategies, academic aesthetic surgery practices can be further enhanced.
Cadaveric Dissections to Determine Surface Landmarks Locating the Facial Artery for Filler Injections
Authors: Tansatit Tanvaa , Kenny Elizabeth , Phumyoo Thirawass , Jitaree Benrita 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The facial artery is a high-risk structure when performing filler injections at the nasolabial fold, buccal, and mandibular regions.

Objectives
This study aimed to establish reference landmarks locating the course of the facial artery and its essential branches.

Methods
Thirty-one embalmed cadavers were enrolled in this study. The course of the facial artery was observed in regard to the following reference points: masseter insertion, oral commissure, and common bony landmarks. The corner of the mouth was utilized as the landmark to measure the turning point of the facial artery.

Results
Seven points were established to identify the course and turning point of the facial artery. These included the anterior masseteric, lateral mental, infraorbital, medial canthal, basal alar, post-modiolar (PMP), and supra-commissural (SCP) points. The course of the facial artery deviates at least twice at the lateral mental points and at the SCP or PMP. The facial artery appeared more medially when the artery turned at the PMP and SCP. It presented through the lateral channel if the turning point was solely at the PMP. Wherever the facial artery deviates, it can be divided into 3 segments: the mandibular, buccal, and nasolabial segments. The arterial course may deviate laterally from the mouth corner towards PMP. The nasolabial segment may also deviate laterally to the basal alar point at the alar grove for 0.5 to 1 cm.

Conclusions
The deviation of facial artery closely relates with mandibular, buccal, and nasolabial segments. It is essential in avoiding arterial injury for physicians and surgeons who perform procedures in these areas.