bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial and metabolomic analysis of gingival crevicular fluid in general chronic periodontitis patients: lessons for a predictive, preventive, and personalized medical approach
Authors: Pei Jun , Li Fei , Xie Youhua , Liu Jing , Yu Tian , Feng Xiping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives
General chronic periodontitis (GCP) is a bacterial inflammatory disease with complex pathology. Despite extensive studies published on the variation in the oral microbiota and metabolic profiles of GCP patients, information is lacking regarding the correlation between host-bacterial interactions and biochemical metabolism. This study aimed to analyze the oral microbiome, the oral metabolome, and the link between them and to identify potential molecules as useful biomarkers for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) in GCP.

Methods
In this study, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from patients with GCP (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 28). The abundance of oral microbiota constituents was obtained by Illumina sequencing, and the relative level of metabolites was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Full-mouth probing depth, clinical attachment loss, and bleeding on probing were recorded as indices of periodontal disease.

Results
The relative abundances of 7 phyla and 82 genera differed significantly between the GCP and healthy groups. Seventeen differential metabolites involved in different metabolism pathways were selected based on variable influence on projection values (VIP > 1) and P values (P < 0.05). Through Spearman’s correlation analysis, microorganisms, metabolites in GCF, and clinical data together showed a clear trend, and clinical data regarding periodontitis can be reflected in the shift of the oral microbial community and the change in metabolites in GCF. A combination of citramalic acid and N-carbamylglutamate yielded satisfactory accuracy (AUC = 0.876) for the predictive diagnosis of GCP.

Conclusions
Dysbiosis in the polymicrobial community structure and changes in metabolism could be mechanisms underlying periodontitis. The differential microorganisms and metabolites in GCF between periodontitis patients and healthy individuals are possibly biomarkers, pointing to a potential strategy for the prediction, diagnosis, prognosis, and management of personalized periodontal therapy.
The design of a unit sweeping gas membrane distillation: experimental study on a membrane and operating parameters
Authors: Boukhriss Mokhless , Ben Hmida Med Bechir , Maatoug Med Ali , Zarzoum Kamel , Marzouki Riadh , Ben Bacha Habib 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe paper presents the focuses of application in membrane processes for the desalination of brackish water or salt water using the sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD); at first, it is the least used configuration of MD, and the design of this system is arduous and very expensive, and it is used to treat solutions containing non-volatile compounds, such us salts which is totally rejected, and high purity of water was recuperated. Vapor transfer is an important thermally induced phenomenon in the membrane-by-membrane (MD) evaporation and condensation. Our SGMD distillation system was simulated using MATLAB programmers on heat and mass transfer aspects. In our research, we found that heat and mass transfer in the SGMD is determined by the evaporation temperature of the gas and the sweep rate. The operational parameter (fluid velocity) is influenced across the layer on both sides of the membrane, because it is the source of the transfer of heat and mass in many membrane processes.
Investigation of solid oxide fuel cell operation with synthetic biomass gasification product gases as a basis for enhancing its performance
Authors: Pongratz G. , Subotić V. , Schroettner H. , Stoeckl B. , Hochenauer C. , Anca-Couce A. , Scharler R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cells represent a promising technology to increase the electrical efficiency of biomass-based combined-heat-power systems in comparison to state-of-the-art gas engines, additionally providing high temperature heat. To identify favorable fuel gas compositions for an efficient coupling with gasifiers at low degradation risk is of major importance to ensure stability, reliability, and durability of the systems used, thus increasing attractiveness of electricity production from biomass. Therefore, this study presents a comprehensive analysis on the influence of main gas components from biomass gasification on the performance and efficiency of a cell relevant for real application. An industrial-size electrolyte supported single cell with nickel/gadolinium-doped ceria anode was selected showing high potential for gasifier-solid oxide fuel cell systems. Beneficial gas component ratios enhancing the power output and electric efficiency are proposed based on the experimental study performed. Furthermore, the degradation stability of a SOFC fueled with a synthetic product gas representing steam gasification of woody biomass was investigated. After 500 h of operation under load at a steam-to-carbon ratio of 2.25 in the fuel gas, no performance or anode degradation could be detected.
Professionswissen angehender Lehrkräfte zum Konstrukt Nature of Science (NOS): Entwicklung und Validierung eines Vignettentests (EKoL-NOS)
Authors: Billion-Kramer Tim , Lohse-Bossenz Hendrik , Dörfler Tobias , Rehm Markus 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungUnter der BezeichnungNature of Science(NOS) werden in der Naturwissenschaftsdidaktik Grundlagen der Erkenntnisgewinnung sowie Eigenschaften naturwissenschaftlichen Wissens diskutiert. Zentrales fachdidaktisches Anliegen ist, Lernende mit Erkenntnisprozessen naturwissenschaftlicher Disziplinen vertraut zu machen, diese aber auch kritisch zu hinterfragen. Im Fokus des Beitrags stehen die Ausprägungen des Professionswissen von Lehrkräften zum Bereich NOS und dessen situierte Erfassung. Bisher fehlen quantitativ messende Instrumente, die Professionswissen von Lehrkräften zuNature of Sciencein Unterrichtskontexten und somit in einem möglichst realitätsnahen Bezugsrahmen erheben. Der Vignettentest EKoL-NOS soll einen Beitrag zur Bearbeitung dieser Lücke leisten. Im Test werden den Lehrkräften kurze authentische Beschreibungen von Unterrichtssituationen mit verschiedenen Handlungsalternativen präsentiert. Die Lehrkräfte bewerten die situationsspezifische Angemessenheit der Handlungsalternativen. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt die theoriegestützte Entwicklung, die Dimensionalitätsprüfung auf Basis dreier zentraler Nature of Science-Facetten in Form von Strukturgleichungsmodellen sowie eine empirische Validierung anhand demographischer Daten, diskriminanter und konvergierender Konstrukte. Mit einer Stichprobe vonN = 289 angehenden Lehrkräften im Vorbereitungsdienst weist sowohl ein dreidimensionales Modell (jeNature of Science-Facette ein Faktor), als auch ein eindimensionales Modell eine sehr gute Anpassungsgüte auf. Ein Vergleich zwischen beiden Modellen zeigt keinen signifikanten Unterschied. Demographische Variablen (z. B. die kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit) lassen sich weitgehend erwartungskonform in Strukturgleichungsmodellen spezifizieren. Mit einer zweiten Stichprobe vonN = 137 wird ein Strukturgleichungsmodell mit einem diskriminanten und konvergierenden Konstrukt spezifiziert.
Comparative Analysis of Gait Speed Estimation Using Wideband and Narrowband Radars, Thermal Camera, and Motion Tracking Suit Technologies
Authors: Morita P. P. , Rocha A. S. , Shaker G. , Lee D. , Wei J. , Fong B. , Thatte A. , Karimi A. , Xu L. , Ma A. , Wong A. , Boger J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractResearch has shown that cognitive and physical functioning of older adults can be reflected in indicators such as walking speed. While changes in cognition, mobility, or health cause changes in gait speed, often gradual variations in walking speed go undetected until severe problems arise. Discrete clinical assessments during clinical consultations often fail to detect changes in day-to-day walking speeds and do not reflect walking speeds in everyday environments, where most of the mobility issues happen. In this paper, we compare four walking speed measurement technologies to a GAITRite mat (gold standard): (1) an ultra wideband radar (covering the band from 3.3 GHz to 10 GHz), (2) a narrow band 24-GHz radar (with a bandwidth of 250 MHz), (3) a perception Neuron Motion Tracking suit, and (4) a thermal camera. Data were collected in parallel using all sensors at the same time for 10 healthy adults for normal and slow walking paces. A comparison of the sensors indicates better performance at lower gait speeds, with offsets (when compared to GAITRite) between 0.1 and 20% for the ultra wideband radar, 1.9 and 17% for the narrowband radar, 0.1 and 38% for the thermal camera, and 1.7 and 38% for the suit. This paper supports the potential of unobtrusive radar-based sensors and thermal camera technologies for ambient autonomous gait speed monitoring for contextual, privacy-preserving monitoring of participants in the community.
Shelter Hospital: Glimmers of Hope in Treating Coronavirus 2019
Authors: Zhou Feng , Gao Xuan , Li Mengwei , Zhang Ying 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTSince the first report of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, the outbreak of the disease has been continuously evolving. Until March 17, 2020, 185, 178 cases had been confirmed, including 81,134 cases in China and 104,044 cases outside of China. In this comment, we report the unexpected beneficial effect of a deployable rapid-assembly shelter hospital on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. We describe the shelter hospital maintenance, treatment mode and primary treatment methods, which will provide a valuable experience in dealing with public health emergencies, such as COVID-19, for other countries and areas.
Clinical usefulness of catheter-drawn blood samples and catheter-tip cultures for the diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infections in neonates
Authors: Ferreira Janita , Camargos Paulo Augusto Moreira , Rosado Viviane , Anchieta Leni Márcia , Romanelli Roberta Maia de Castro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCatheter-drawn blood sampling is an efficient method of diagnosing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in neonates; it has greater sensitivity and accuracy than methods using catheter-tip cultures. No association was detected between catheter-drawn blood sampling and the occurrence of adverse events with central venous catheters.
Late Ordovician brachiopods from east-central Alaska, northwestern margin of Laurentia
Authors: Jin Jisuo , Blodgett Robert B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA Late Ordovician brachiopod fauna from the Black River quadrangle (D-1 1:63,360 scale) of east-central Alaska comprises taxa typical of the Late Ordovician brachiopod fauna in the pericratonic epeiric seas of Laurentia, includingHesperorthis pyramidalis(Twenhofel, 1928),Plaesiomys occidentalis(Okulitch, 1943),Eoplectodontasp.,Holtehdalinasp.,Leptaenasp.,Brevilamnulella minutan. sp.,Tcherskidium tenuicostatumn. sp.,Rhynchotrema iowenseWang, 1949, andWhitfieldellasp. The presence ofPlaesiomys occidentalisandTcherskidium tenuicostatan. sp. indicates a latest Katian age by correlation with similar species in the Mackenzie Mountains, southern Manitoba, Anticosti Island, the American midcontinent, Kolyma, and Siberia. Cluster analysis based on 20 well-studied late Katian brachiopod faunas from various regions within Laurentia and elsewhere in other tectonic plates suggests that the small brachiopod faunule from Alaska has the strongest paleobiogeographic affinity with Laurentia, confirming that the Black River quadrangle of Alaska was part of Laurentia during the Late Ordovician.UUID:http://zoobank.org/6b387856-61d5-4685-a592-faf5287c1e0f
Who Wishes to Return? Ties to Home Country among the Romanian Migrants
Authors: Gherghina Sergiu , Plopeanu Aurelian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe research focusing on return migration from the perspective of migrants’ relationship with the country of origin has emphasized the emotional and economic ties. Quite often, these ties have been examined separately and there is little indication of what counts more. This article addresses this gap in the literature and analyzes the extent to which the sense of belonging, media consumption, networks of friends, and regular visits in the country of origin could affect the intention to return. It controls for remittances, voting in the elections of their home country, and age. The empirical analysis uses an original dataset including individual level data. This was collected through an online survey in January 2018 on a sample of 1,839 first generation migrants from Romania.
Political psychophysiology
Authors: Settle Jaime E. , Hibbing Matthew V. , Anspach Nicolas M. , Carlson Taylor N. , Coe Chelsea M. , Hernandez Edward , Peterson John , Stuart John , Arceneaux Kevin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe past decade has seen a rapid increase in the number of studies employing psychophysiological methods to explain variation in political attitudes and behavior. However, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of physiological data present novel challenges for political scientists unfamiliar with the underlying biological concepts and technical skills necessary for utilizing this approach. Our objective in this article is to maximize the effectiveness of future work utilizing psychophysiological measurement by providing guidance on how the techniques can be employed most fruitfully as a complement to, not a replacement for, existing methods. We develop clear, step-by-step instructions for how physiological research should be conducted and provide a discussion of the issues commonly faced by scholars working with these measures. Our hope is that this article will be a useful resource for both neophytes and experienced scholars in lowering the start-up costs to doing this work and assessing it as part of the peer review process. More broadly, in the spirit of the open science framework, we aim to foster increased communication, collaboration, and replication of findings across political science labs utilizing psychophysiological methods.
Minimum limiting deglacial ages for the out-of-phase Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon methods
Authors: Fisher Timothy G. , Dziekan Mitchell R. , McDonald Jennifer , Lepper Kenneth , Loope Henry M. , McCarthy Francine M.G. , Curry B. Brandon 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTwenty-four new optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon ages from sediment cores in nine lakes associated with the Shipshewana and Sturgis moraines in northern Indiana and southern Michigan estimate when recession of the Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet was underway in the southern Great Lakes region, USA. Average OSL ages of 23.4 ± 2.2 ka for the Shipshewana Moraine and 19.7 ± 2.2 ka for the Sturgis Moraine are considered minimum limiting deglacial ages for these recessional moraines. The much younger radiocarbon ages are consistent with other regional radiocarbon ages from lakes, and record climate amelioration around ~16.5 cal ka BP. Early recession of the interlobate Saginaw Lobe was well underway by 23.4 ± 2.2 ka, when the adjacent Lake Michigan and Huron-Erie lobes were a few hundred kilometers farther south and near their maximum southerly limits. The results provide the first time constraints when sediment from the Lake Michigan and Huron-Erie lobes began filling the accommodation space left by the Saginaw Lobe. The difference between the oldest radiocarbon and OSL age is 7400 yr for the Shipshewana Moraine and 3400 yr for the Sturgis Moraine.
Morphological description of six species of Suberitida (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the unexplored north-eastern coast of Brazil, with emphasis on two new species
Authors: Fortunato Humberto F. M. , Pérez Thierry , Lôbo-Hajdu Gisele 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Order Suberitida is defined as a group of marine sponges without an obvious cortex, a skeleton devoid of microscleres, and with a deletion of a small loop of 15 base pairs in the secondary structure of the 28S rDNA as a molecular synapomorphy. Suberitida comprises three families and 26 genera distributed worldwide, but mostly in temperate and polar waters. Twenty species were reported along the entire Brazilian coast, and although the north-eastern coast of Brazil seems to harbour a rich sponge fauna, our current knowledge is concentrated along the south-eastern Atlantic coast. A survey was implemented along the northern coast of Brazil, and the collection allowed the identification of six species belonging to the Order Suberitida. Two of them are considered new to science:Suberites purpurasp. nov.,Hymeniacidon upaonassusp. nov., and four,Halichondria(Halichondria)marianaeSantos, Nascimento & Pinheiro, 2018,Halichondria(H.)melanadociade Laubenfels, 1936,Suberites aurantiacus(Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864), andTerpios fugaxDuchassaing & Michelotti, 1864, are re-described. Taxonomic comparisons are made for Tropical Western Atlantic species and type species of the four genera. Finally, an identification key for the Western AtlanticSuberitesspecies is provided.
BIVARIATE MARSHALL–OLKIN EXPONENTIAL SHOCK MODEL
Authors: Mohtashami-Borzadaran H.A. , Jabbari H. , Amini M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe well-known Marshall–Olkin model is known for its extension of exponential distribution preserving lack of memory property. Based on shock models, a new generalization of the bivariate Marshall–Olkin exponential distribution is given. The proposed model allows wider range tail dependence which is appealing in modeling risky events. Moreover, a stochastic comparison according to this shock model and also some properties, such as association measures, tail dependence and Kendall distribution, are presented. The new shock model is analytically quite tractable, and it can be used quite effectively, to analyze discrete–continuous data. This has been shown on real data. Finally, we propose the multivariate extension of the Marshall–Olkin model that has some intersection with the well-known multivariate Archimax copulas.
Degeneration of Kummer surfaces
Authors: OVERKAMP OTTO 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe prove that a Kummer surface defined over a complete strictly Henselian discretely valued field K of residue characteristic different from 2 admits a strict Kulikov model after finite base change. The Kulikov models we construct will be schemes, so our results imply that the semistable reduction conjecture is true for Kummer surfaces in this setup, even in the category of schemes. Our construction of Kulikov models is closely related to an earlier construction of Künnemann, which produces semistable models of Abelian varieties. It is well known that the special fibre of a strict Kulikov model belongs to one of three types, and we shall prove that the type of the special fibre of a strict Kulikov model of a Kummer surface and the toric rank of a corresponding Abelian surface are determined by each other. We also study the relationship between this invariant and the Galois representation on the second ℓ-adic cohomology of the Kummer surface. Finally, we apply our results, together with earlier work of Halle–Nicaise, to give a proof of the monodromy conjecture for Kummer surfaces in equal characteristic zero.
Chinese Philosemitism and Historical Statecraft: Incorporating Jews and Israel into Contemporary Chinese Civilizationism
Authors: Ainslie Mary J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPhilosemitism – the idealization of Jews and Israel – and Chinese-Jewish history function as a platform of soft power for growing China–Israel relations and as a means to bolster Chinese nationalism. Given the Chinese Communist Party's current positioning of China as a globally dominant power as part of the Belt and Road Initiative, this article re-examines the contemporary incarnation of philosemitism in China as part of a civilizationist narrative designed to position China as globally central and superior. This not only places heavy emphasis upon Jewish racial stereotypes and erases genuine historical Jewish voices but it also ignores evidence of anti-Semitic beliefs in China.
Perceptions of ‘normal’ climate in Queensland, Australia (1924–34)
Authors: Cook Margaret 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe concept of ‘normal’ climatic conditions reflects the complexities of human understandings of the environment. Scholarship on settler societies has explored how culture, science and state imperatives combine to construct a notion of ‘normal’ climate. This study of the Callide Valley settlement (1924–34) in northern Australia, draws on government propaganda, farmers’ submissions to a 1934 government inquiry and meteorological data to reveal the discrepancy between rainfall reality and expectations. Promised fertile soil, plentiful water and an ideal climate by the government, new settlers flocked to the Callide Valley, many without farming experience or knowledge of the region’s subtropical climate. Drought and flood soon challenged the promises of a bountiful climate. These confused understandings of a normal climate continue today to shape agriculture in central Queensland.
An urban–rural continuum? A spatial comparison in mid-eighteenth-century northern Germany
Authors: März Olaf 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe spatial growth of German cities in the years of upheaval in the nineteenth century has been, and remains, the subject of intense historical research. However, the origins of the socio-economic processes underlying these transformations actually predate the epochal transition into the modern era. This article deals critically with the popular conception of a ‘town–country dichotomy’ by comparing, on an empirical basis, urban, semi-urban and rural settlements in a sub-region of the north-west of Germany in the mid-eighteenth century. With the aid of a Geographical Information System (GIS), the cartographic and serial material of the ‘Brunswick Land Survey’ is evaluated in terms of its relevance to a socio-topographic comparison of the spatial micro-structures of the three respective settlement segments. The comparison focuses on the general morphology of the settlement segments, the conditions accompanying the growth of the settlements and the spatial structures of the agricultural activities pursued. In addition, it identifies the factors which led to the erosion of differences between town and country.