bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Philippe Devillers (1920-2016). Journaliste, lanceur d’alerte, historien des relations internationales
Authors: Cesari Laurent 
Published: August 2020

Philippe Devillers ne fut pas seulement un journaliste et un politologue spécialiste du Sud-Est asiatique. Il œuvra également comme lanceur d’alertes : son Histoire du Viêt-Nam de 1940 à 1952 a été délibérément conçue comme un recueil de fuites organisées par les opposants à la guerre d’Indochine au sein de l’appareil d’État. À partir de la décennie 1960, il contribua de manière décisive au lancement en France des études universitaires sur l’Asie du Sud-Est contemporaine. L’article retrace l’itinéraire intellectuel et politique de Devillers à partir de ses publications et de ses archives personnelles.
La « Françafrique », instrument d’un soft power associatif et « stigmate » pour la politique africaine de la France
Authors: Alleno Kevin 
Published: August 2020

Cet article vise à montrer l’origine du concept de « Françafrique » qui constitue le soft power de l’association Survie. Pensé par son ancien président François-Xavier Verschave, qui reprend une expression de Félix Houphouët-Boigny, ce concept structure aujourd’hui le débat sur l’action de la France en Afrique. Après avoir montré les thèses véhiculées par lui, il s’agit d’observer sa diffusion dans le débat public français puis ses conséquences sur l’action de la France en Afrique. Cette représentation dépréciative de la politique africaine de la France constitue pour elle un « stigmate » que les responsables français contrent difficilement.
Océans, cosmos, Antarctique : de nouveaux espaces de conquête ?
Authors: Pic Pauline , Lasserre Frédéric 
Published: August 2020

On considère aujourd’hui les océans – et notamment les océans polaires – mais aussi l’espace, comme les « dernières frontières ». Ces espaces de projection de puissance pour certains États sont également porteurs d’enjeux particuliers, environnementaux notamment, qui invitent à repenser les modes d’action politique. Comment les États font-ils face à ces espaces non traditionnels, et comment y structurent-ils leur action ? Nous proposons dans cet article, à travers plusieurs exemples concrets, d’entamer la réflexion en mettant en relief certaines logiques qui sous-tendent l’organisation de l’action politique internationale dans ces espaces. Il s’agit de s’interroger sur la nature de ces espaces et à ce que l’on entend par conquête. Car la communauté internationale a su encadrer les appétits potentiels dans des conventions internationales. Mais cela ne signifie pas que ces cadres juridiques aient la capacité d’éteindre toutes les tensions suscitées par le désir de contrôler ces espaces. Les questions posées par l’actualité soulignent par ailleurs des enjeux complexes et de nature différente, ayant trait tantôt à la souveraineté, en Antarctique par exemple, tantôt aux droits souverains, lorsque l’on parle de plateaux continentaux étendus, ou du droit de placer des satellites en orbite… Ces questions se renouvellent aussi en lien avec la présence de nouveaux acteurs, qu’ils soient étatiques ou privés. Comment ces acteurs envisagent-ils ces espaces non traditionnels ?
Economic implication of contract farming on small-scale rice farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Akanbi S.O. , Alarape W.I. , Olatunji O.S. 
Published: August 2020

This study examines the implication of contract farming on Olam Out-growers farming scheme in Kwara State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study are to determine the costs and returns to production of rice, assess the productivity level of rice, evaluate the technical efficiency of rice farm and identify the determinants of the technical inefficiency of the rice farms in contract farming. In this study, the average net farm income of the rice farmers under the scheme was N191,862.56 and the land productivity level was 2,006.04kg/ha. The technical efficiency of the rice farm was estimated using Cobb-Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production function which shows that likelihood coefficients for quality of seeds, hired labour and farm size were statistically significant at 1% level. Likewise, the determinants of technical efficiency among the farmers were household size and farming experience. The results further show that the contract farming scheme has a positive impact on the lives of rice farmers. Therefore, there is a need for partnership with private contract farming outfits in order to improve the current level of access to inputs by rice farmers.
Keywords: Contract farming, Out-growers rice farmers, Technical efficiency, Farm income
Determinants of household preference for beef to pork in Umuahia Metropolis of Abia State, Nigeria
Authors: Okoronkwo F.C. , Efedua J.C. , Amusa T.A. 
Published: August 2020

The study ascertained the determinants of households’ preference for beef to pork in Umuahia Metropolis of Abia State, Nigeria. Using multi-stage random sampling procedure, data were collected from eighty household heads for the study. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ordinary least square and probit regression analysis. Findings from the study showed that beef was most preferred with 63.75% of households indicated preferences for beef to pork while 36.25% of households preferred port to beef. The study also revealed age of household head, and price of meat negatively influenced meat consumption while household size and average monthly income had positive influence and the R2 was 0.675 which implied 67.5% of the variation in the meat consumption was explained by the independent variables. From the probit regressionmodel the results showed age of household heads and price of pork had a negative coefficient and were significant at 10% and 5% level of probability respectively, while household size, education level, and household income had positive coefficient and were significant at 1%, 5%, and 1% level of probability, respectively. The Chi square was 135.485 which indicated the goodness of fit for the equation and was significant at 1% level of probability. The study recommended beef marketing as a good venture in the study area; beef was most preferred meat in the study. Hence, it is recommended that unemployed persons should be encouraged to venture into beef marketing; also, there is huge potential for pork marketing in the study area.
Key words: preferences, household, beef, pork
Attraction of <<I>Callosobruchus maculates</I> fabricius (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) to pods of cowpea plants at different developmental stages
Authors: Ahuchaogu C.E. , Ojiako F.O. 
Published: August 2020

The cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus Fab. is an economically important pest of stored grain and causes serious damage to stored peas. The application of pesticides has been the generic control measure due to its effectiveness, affordability and ease of application. However, due to the apparent health and environmental consequences with pesticides, stakeholders are advocating for an alternative management approach that has less social and environmental impact and is more sustainable. Consequently, this study examined the attraction of mated female to volatile blends collected from pods of cowpea plants (Borno-brown and black-eyed cultivars) at three developmental stages developing podsie; 15-17 days after anthesis (daa), fully developed pods (18-20 daa) and mature pods (> 20 daa). The beetles’ responses to the pods’ odour were determined using a two-arm olfactometer, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify and quantify the volatile compounds collected from the pods. The results showed that female C. maculatus attraction increased with the pod’s age, and that the composition and abundance of volatile compounds varied between cowpea cultivars and the pod’s developmental stage. These findings form an important bases towards developing alternative approach for the management of bruchids.
Key words: volatile compounds, cowpea plants, GC-MS, pod’s developmental stage, days after anthesis
An assessment of the impact of human activities on wild birds and fishes in Dagona Waterfowl Sanctuary, Nigeria
Authors: Saleh A. , Ahmed A. 
Published: August 2020

Natural resources management and conservation has been a persistent theme in discourse of human survival and environmental development. Conservation means the sustainable use and protection of natural resources. It is also seen as the process through which natural resources are managed to allow partial or total exploitation for individual, community, or commercial use without jeopardizing the long-term ability of the resource base for future generations with minimal environmental damages. The study employed systematic sampling techniques in selecting the respondents for the interview. The selection was based on the settlement arrangement in the study site as sampling frame. The structured questionnaires were administered to the respondents with aid of research assistant for proper interpretation of the questionnaire to local language (Bade). The study found that there were different bird species both native and migratory birds from Europe and other parts of the world. The use of these birds includes tourism, source of meat, income and beautification of the natural environment. Farming hunting and fishing remain the dominant economic activities that provide income, food and tourism in the area. Hunting and fishing reduces the number as well as the composition of birds and fish species in the area. Protopterrus annectens and Egretta garzetta were the dominant fish and bird species respectively. A lot of efforts were made to conserve and protect the waterfowl against natural and anthropogenic effects from national and international environmental concern organizations.
Key words: natural resource, human activities impact, wild birds, fishes, Dagona Waterfowl Sanctuary
Information Extraction from Electronic Medical Records using Natural Language Processing Techniques
Authors: Ogbuju E. , Obunadike G.N. 
Published: August 2020

Patients share key information about their health with medical practitioners during clinic consultations. These key information may include their past medications and allergies, current situations/issues, and expectations. The healthcare professionals store this information in an Electronic Medical Record (EMR). EMRs have empowered research in healthcare; information hidden in them if harnessed properly through Natural Language Processing (NLP) can be used for disease registries, drug safety, epidemic surveillance, disease prediction, and treatment. This work illustrates the application of NLP techniques to design and implement a Key Information Retrieval System (KIRS framework) using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation algorithm. The cross-industry standard process for data mining methodology was applied in an experiment with an EMR dataset from PubMed todemonstrate the framework. The new system extracted the common problems (ailments) and prescriptions across the five (5) countries presented in the dataset. The system promises to assist health organizations in making informed decisions with the flood of key information data available in their domain.
Keywords: Electronic Medical Record, BioNLP, Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Effects of Phosphorous Application on Growth Performance, Yield and Nutritional Value of Cockscomb (<i>Celosia argentea L</i>)
Authors: Jimoh M.A. , Okunlola G.O. , Olatunji O.A. , Olowolaju E.D. 
Published: August 2020

Effects of phosphorous (P) level on performance, yield and nutritional value of Celosia argentea L. were evaluated with the aim of determining the P level that supports the best growth, yield and nutritional qualities of the crop. The levels of P were: normal (1.348 mg·kg-1 of P/pot, NP), medium (6.743 mg·kg-1 of P/pot, MP), high (13.48 mg·kg-1 of P/pot, HP) and no P application (control, CP). The crop growth rate (CGR) increased with increase in phosphorus gradients (NP = 0.05 g/m2·d-1, MP = 0.09 g/m2·d-1 and HP = 0.12 g/m2·d-1). High and medium P rates increased the relative growth rate (RGR), HP had the highest RGR (0.05 g·g-1/day) followed by MP (0.04 g·g-1/day). Addition of P increased leaf area (LA) of C. argentea. Crude protein of the control was higher (5.56%) compared to the other P treatments (NP = 5.14, MP = 5.11 and HP = 5.03%). Phosphorus applications were beneficial for growth and enhancement of nutritional quality of C. argentea. NP and MP are recommended for growing this vegetablecrop.
Keywords: Cockscomb, Chlorophyll, Crude fibre, Stress, Vegetable
Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO-MMT Nanocomposite for Antibacterial Activity Studies
Authors: Arthi Feiona T. , Sabeena G. , Sakthi Bagavathy M. , Pushpalaksmi E. , Jenson Samra J. , Annadurai G. 
Published: August 2020

ZnO oxide Nanoparticle and ZnO oxide with Montmorillonite nanocomposite were prepared by an environmentally friendly, efficient, and inexpensive method that was synthesized using the chemical method. ZnO nanoparticles as an effective antibacterial material were immobilized on the surface of montmorillonite (MMT). The objectives of this paper are to summarize our research activities in (a) developing processes to dispersenanomaterials (undoped and doped zinc oxide powders) in the polymers matrix, (b) using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) techniques to characterize polymer matrix structures, (c) studying structure-property relationship of these types of new materials, and (d) evaluating the antibacterial performance of these materials for different applications. The results showed that the ZnO nanocomposite was uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix and the particles remained their average size (20 - 150 nm) before incorporation into the polymer matrix.
Keywords: Zinc Oxide nanoparticle, Montmorillonite, FTIR, Antibacterial activity
Structure, Conduct and Performance of Timber Market in Ife East Local Government of Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Babatunde T.O. , Babatunde O.O. 
Published: August 2020

The study focused on the structure, conduct and performance of timber market in Ife-east Local Governments of Oyo state. The major objective of this study is to assess the marketing pattern of timber in the study areas. The research method used for achieving the general objectives involved Descriptive Statistics and Gini Coefficient. Variations were observed in the price of the timber of the same species but different size because price determination is based on bargaining power. The result showed majority of respondents (58.8%) had secondary education, Muslim was dominant (54.6%) in the timber marketing and majority of marketers had regular supply of their product. . Government policy, high cost of transportation, inadequate credit facilities and high cost of energy and power were some of the constraints faced by timber marketers in the study area. The use of modern equipment and machines are needed to replace the outdated equipment in order to increase the output and profit. The level of access to credit facilities should be improved upon by encouraging the respondent to form cooperative societies so that they can mobilize enough working capital for their business.
Keywords: Structure, conduct, Performance, Timber, ife, market
Classical Evaluation of Zero, Incomplete and Complete Treatment Effects on SEIRS Model Dynamics
Authors: Sangotola A.O. , Oyewole O. 
Published: August 2020

In this research work, we extend the classical SEIR model to accommodate the effect of zero, incomplete and complete treatment on the dynamics of the model. The basic reproduction number (Ro) of the model dynamics is obtained by using the next generation matrix approach. The disease free equilibrium point of the model is found to be locally asymptotically stable if Ro < 1. A suitable Lyapunov function is constructed to determine the global stability of the disease free equilibrium point. Numerical simulation is carried out to determine the effect on the compliance to the treatment prescription.
Keywords: Equilibrium, Lyapunov function, Global stability, Simulation
Livelihoods and Biodiversity Conservation: A Survey of Socioeconomic Activities around Pandam Game Reserve, Plateau State - Nigeria
Authors: Da’an S.A. , Jidangkat M. , Chaskda A.A. , Mwansat G.S. 
Published: August 2020

This research surveyed some socio-economic activities of communities around Pandam Game Reserve (PGR) central Nigeria to determine their implications for biodiversity Conservation in PGR. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and field observations. Results showed a 100% response to questionnaires administered. Eighty three percent (83%) of the respondents were males while 17% were females. Eighty percent (80%) attended at least primary school level of education while 20% had no form of formal education. Prominent among occupation of respondents was farming with 40% and the occupation of respondents with list response was hunting with 1%. Field observations showed the presence of the following human activities: logging, firewood collection, fishing, farm encroachment, cattle grazing and poaching. The implication of these socio-economic activities in PGR if left uncontrolled could result to biodiversity lost. A multi-stakeholder approach and participatory management of the reserve which will consider the socio-economic concerns of locals have been suggested as a critical component for building cooperation. These if properly exploited is believed will contribute substantially to biodiversity sustainability in PGR.
Keywords: Communities, Biodiversity, Conservation, Pandam Game Reserve
Remediation of Artificially Hydrocarbon Polluted Vadose Zone Soil in Glass Column through Percolation with Solution of Nutrient, Nutrient-Surfactant or Surfactant
Authors: Peekate P.L. , Konne J.L. , Abam T.K.S. 
Published: August 2020

Remediation of hydrocarbon polluted vadose zone (HPVZ) through percolation with solution of nutrient, nutrient-surfactant, or surfactant in glass columns was investigated in this study using standard methods. Percolated liquids from the columns and soils retrieved at the end of the experiment were analyzed for nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, total-petroleum hydrocarbon, and selected microbial groups. Results obtained showed that there were nitrate, phosphate, and sulphate in the percolated liquids. Cumulative hydrocarbon in the percolated liquids was 5.35 – 7.59 % of cumulative hydrocarbon start-up concentration in the columns. Cumulative hydrocarbon attenuation across soil layers in column flooded with solution of nutrients (column NT), nutrient-surfactant (column NTS), and surfactant (column SF) were 89.29, 95.27, and 66.92 % respectively. There was more phosphate reduction in column NTS, and more sulphate reduction in column NT. Hydrocarbon-utilizing fungi in columns NT and NTSincreased from 3.5 Log10 CFU.g-1 to between 4.0 – 5.0 Log10 CFU.g-1, whereas a decrease was observed for column SF. Hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria in all the columns increased from between 1.0 – 2.5 Log10 CFU.g-1 to between 2.0 - 3.5 Log10 CFU.g-1. Emergence of hydrocarbon utilization among anaerobic bacteria population was also observed in all the columns. It is concludedthat percolation with nutrient-surfactant solution will be more effective in remediation of HPVZ, and that consequential migration of nutrients alongside hydrocarbons into groundwater canaid in enhancing biodegradation of the infiltrated hydrocarbons.
Keywords: Biodegradation; petroleum hydrocarbons; vadose zone; inorganic nutrients; surfactant
Formulation of non-effervescent floating matrix tablets of metronidazole using <I>Abelmoschus esculentus</I> gum as binder and 2-camphanone as sublimating agent.
Authors: Ovenseri Airemwen Collins , Uhumwangho Uwumagbe Michael , Obarisiagbon Aiwaguore Johnbull , Umechukwu Chioma Promise 
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study was to formulate non-effervescent floating drug delivery system of metronidazole tablets using Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) (AE) gum as a binder and 2-camphanone (camphor®) as the sublimating agent. Granules were prepared by wet granulation technique using varying concentrations of AE gum (2, 4, 6 and 8% w/w) admixed with 1%w/w acrylate methacrylate copolymer. A 30 %w/w of 2-camphanone was used as the sublimating agent. The granules were characterized for micromeritic properties. And thereafter, compressed at a compression pressure of 25 N/m2 using a Manesty single punch tableting machine. The metronidazole tablet was then sintered at 70oC for 12 h. Drug-excipient compatibility study was done using Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR). Tablets were evaluated for floating lag time, in-vitro buoyancy and release kinetics. FTIR studies showed that the excipients and the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) i.e. metronidazole, were compatible. All the granules were free flowing, with Carr’s index ≤ 15 %, Hausner ratio ≤ 1.18 and angle of repose of ≤ 33.5o. The tablets had hardness and friability values of 5.0-9.5 N and 0.4-0.8% respectively. The floating lag time was 0 s showing that the tablets floated immediately after immersion in the simulated gastric fluid. The maximum % release (m∞) and time to achieve it (t∞) were ≥ 88 % and ≥ 10 h, respectively. Release exponent (n) for all the formulations had values >0.45, hence their release was by non-Fickian diffusion. Non-effervescent floating matrix tablets of metronidazole were formulated using AE gum as the binder and 2-camphanone as the sublimating agent. The formulated floating tablets had increased in-vitro retention time, which indicated potential for sustained release of the drug. If well developed, this may help reduce the oral dosing frequency and encourage patient adherence to the drug therapy.
Keywords: Non-effervescent, Abelmoschus esculentus, 2-camphanone, floating
Placement of Distributed Generation and Shunt Capacitor in Distribution Network using Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Uchendu Moses 
Published: August 2020

This work aims at reduction in active and reactive power loss reduction in distribution networks as well as to improve the voltage stability of the networks. Optimum Distributed Generation (DG) placement and sizing is carried out in conjunction with shunt capacitor placement and sizing to determine the appropriate sizes of DG units and Capacitor banks to be placed in the networks so as not to violate certain constraints. The optimal sizes of the DG units and capacitor banks were obtained on application of a Cuckoo Search Optimization Algorithm while computations for Voltage stability was performed using the Voltage Stability Index (VSI). The obtained optimal sizes of DG units and Capacitors were individually and simultaneously placed on the distribution networks to ascertain the behaviour of the networks prior to and after their placements. The performance factors considered are power loss and voltage stability. A comparison of these performance factors under separate and simultaneous placement method was demonstrated using IEEE 33 and 69 test buses. Result show that power loss (active and reactive) reduced by 63.29% and 59.38% respectively for 33 bus system, with a 74.29% and 79.19% reduction on 69 bus system. Voltage stability also increased by 7.89% and 3.79% respectively for 33 and 69 bus system relative to values obtained for base case and separate DG and shunt capacitor placement.
Keywords: Distributed generation, shunt capacitor, Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA), power loss and voltage stability.