bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The analysis of the lipid levels in patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: a one-year follow-up observational study
Authors: Qiu Weiyu , Chen Jiali , Huang Xianzhen , Guo Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been an important technology for the treatment of CHD. Blood lipid management is critical for PCI patients because not only should local vascular pathological changes be considered but the whole atherosclerotic process should be considered as well.MethodsA total of 522 patients diagnosed with CHD (including acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina) successfully underwent stent implantation in acute or elective PCI in the cardiology department of one general hospital in Guangzhou from June 2015 to December 2017. The 2016 Chinese Guideline for the Management of dyslipidaemia in Adults and the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report (NCEP-ATP III) were used to classify total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels.ResultsA total of 522 patients were recruited for the study. The mean values of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C at baseline were 4.76, 1.80, 2.93 and 1.03 mmol/L, respectively. After 1 year of follow-up, the mean values of TC, TG, LDL-C, and HDL-C were 3.94, 1.62, 2.26 and 1.01 mmol/L, respectively. The prevalence of high TC, high TG, high LDL-C and low HDL-C at baseline was 12.05, 21.80, 10.90 and 56.79%, respectively, and the prevalence at follow-up was 4.59, 15.68, 3.25 and 59.85%, respectively. Logistic regression revealed that gender was risk factor for high TC (≥ 6.22 mmol/L), low HDL-C (< 1.04 mmol/L) and high LDL-C (≥ 4.14 mmol/L) at follow-up. Age was the factor associated with high TG (≥ 2.26 mmol/L) and low HDL-C (< 1.04 mmol/L) at follow-up. Besides, smoking and diet control were risk factors for low HDL-C (< 1.04 mmol/L) and high LDL-C (≥ 4.14 mmol/L) at follow-up, respectively.ConclusionThe patients with PCI at follow-up experienced lower mean values of lipids and prevalence of dyslipidaemia than those at baseline. Gender, age, smoking and diet control were the risk factors associated with elevated lipids. Improvement in lipid management at follow up demonstrated that such intervention can be effective.
Factors that affect the assessment of the quality of life of rheumatoid arthritis patients depending on the prevalence of frailty syndrome
Authors: Bąk E. , Młynarska A. , Marcisz C. , Bobiński R. , Sternal D. , Młynarski R. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a large and varied impact on the quality of life as associated with patient health including both physical and mental well-being.
The aim of the study was to assess the factors that affect the assessment of the quality of life of RA patients depending on the prevalence of frailty syndrome.

Material and methods
The study involved 106 patients with RA (82 women; mean age 65.83 ± 5.01), who had been hospitalized in the Silesian Centre for Rheumatology, Rehabilitation and Disability Prevention in Ustron, Poland. The patients that were included in the study were divided into two groups depending on the incidence of frailty syndrome: Group 1 – robust patients and Group 2 – patients with frailty syndrome.

Results
Frailty syndrome was identified in 34.9% of the patients with recognized/diagnosed RA; in women, it was 36.14% and in men, it was 25.92%. The average TFI value was 4.11 ± 2.05; in the physical domain, it was 3.39 ± 1.66; in the mental domain, it was 0.41 ± 0.55 and in the social domain, it was 0.31 ± 0.48. The robust patients assessed their quality of life associated with sleep as being worse compared to patients with recognized frailty syndrome.

Conclusion
Frailty syndrome has no significant impact on the assessment of the quality of life of patients with diagnosed RA. The factors that determine quality of life are different in robust patients and in patients with frailty syndrome. The assessment of the quality of life is affected by the degree of an individual’s fitness regardless of the occurrence of frailty syndrome.
Katanin P60: a potential biomarker for lymph node metastasis and prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Lei , Tantai Jicheng , Zhu Xiaoli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the correlation of katanin P60 expression with clinical characteristics and survival profiles of surgical non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods
Two hundred and sixty-five primary NSCLC patients treated by surgical resection were retrospectively viewed. The expression of katanin P60 in the tumor specimen was detected by the immunohistochemical (IHC) staining assay. Preoperative clinical data were collected from patients’ medical records, and survival data were extracted from follow-up records.

Results
There were 127 (47.9%) and 138 (52.1%) patients with katanin P60-low expression and -high expression, respectively; in addition, patients presenting katanin P60-high+, -high++, and -high+++ expression were 62 (23.4%), 63 (23.8%), and 13 (4.9%), respectively. Katanin P60 expression was correlated with lymph node (LYN) metastasis and advanced TNM stage but not pathological grade, tumor size, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level or other non-tumor features in NSCLC patients. Regarding survival profiles, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were both the lowest in katanin P60-high+++ expression patients, followed with katanin P60-high++ patients, katanin P60-high+ patients, and the highest in katanin P60-low expression patients. Further analysis illustrated that katanin P60-high expression was an independent predictive factor for unfavorable DFS and OS in NSCLC patients.

Conclusions
Katanin P60 presents potential as a biomarker for lymph node metastasis and prognosis in NSCLC patients.
Prompting consumers to make healthier food choices in hospitals: a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Allan Julia L. , Powell Daniel J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Hospitals in the UK offer snacks for sale to patients, staff and visitors. Despite the NHS’s health promoting role, and tightening of regulations around which foods can be sold in hospitals, many snacks purchased in this setting are unhealthy. The present project tests the effectiveness of theory-based point of purchase prompts (PPPs; a form of cognitive nudge) designed to make it cognitively easier for consumers to compare available products and choose healthier options.

Methods
Hospital shops in Scotland (n = 30) were recruited into a cluster randomised controlled trial to test whether a PPP could reduce the average calorie, fat and/or sugar content of purchased snacks. Inclusion criteria stated that eligible sites; sold food; were located in a hospital; and were accessible to staff, patients and visitors. The PPP intervention was a theory-based sign (tailored to the available range in each location) designed to cognitively simplify healthier snack choices by facilitating cross-product comparison. Shops were randomised to display PPPs (intervention; n = 15) or not (control; n = 15) using block randomisation controlling for shop size. Data on all snacks purchased from participating shops were obtained from retailers for a 12-week baseline and 12-week follow-up period. Primary outcomes were the average calorie (kcals), fat(g) and sugar(g) content of snacks purchased each day. Secondary outcomes were the average customer spend per item purchased (£,p) and the total number of snacks purchased daily. Shop staff were not blinded to group assignment but data providers were. Data were analysed using mixed effects multi-level regression models.

Results
Data from > 1 million snack purchases were analysed. Snacks purchased from intervention sites were on average significantly lower in calorie (γ = − 1.84, p < .001) and sugar (γ = − 0.18, p = .030) at follow up relative to baseline but only the reduction in calories was significantly different to control. Average spend per item also reduced significantly in intervention (but not control) sites (γ = − 0.89, p < .001). The intervention had no effect on the fat content of snacks or the number of snacks sold.

Conclusions
Simple, theory-based point of purchase prompts can produce small but statistically significant reductions in the energy content of snack purchases from hospital shops.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered (8/Oct/2018) with ISRCTN (ID: ISRCTN90365793).
Inhibition of leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology domain containing 1 accelerates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in a rat traumatic spinal cord injury model
Authors: Chen Wen-Kai , Feng Lin-Juan , Liu Qiao-Dan , Ke Qing-Feng , Cai Pei-Ya , Zhang Pei-Ru , Cai Li-Quan , Huang Nian-Lai , Lin Wen-Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers the primary mechanical injury and secondary inflammation-mediated injury. Neuroinflammation-mediated insult causes secondary and extensive neurological damage after SCI. Microglia play a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of post-SCI neuroinflammation.

Methods
To elucidate the significance of LRCH1 to microglial functions, we applied lentivirus-induced LRCH1 knockdown in primary microglia culture and tested the role of LRCH1 in microglia-mediated inflammatory reaction both in vitro and in a rat SCI model.

Results
We found that LRCH1 was downregulated in microglia after traumatic SCI. LRCH1 knockdown increased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 after in vitro priming with lipopolysaccharide and adenosine triphosphate. Furthermore, LRCH1 knockdown promoted the priming-induced microglial polarization towards the pro-inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-expressing microglia. LRCH1 knockdown also enhanced microglia-mediated N27 neuron death after priming. Further analysis revealed that LRCH1 knockdown increased priming-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Erk1/2 signaling, which are crucial to the inflammatory response of microglia. When LRCH1-knockdown microglia were adoptively injected into rat spinal cords, they enhanced post-SCI production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased SCI-induced recruitment of leukocytes, aggravated SCI-induced tissue damage and neuronal death, and worsened the locomotor function.

Conclusion
Our study reveals for the first time that LRCH1 serves as a negative regulator of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation after SCI and provides clues for developing novel therapeutic approaches against SCI.
Variations in Trim5α and Cyclophilin A genes among HIV-1 elite controllers and non controllers in Uganda: a laboratory-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Amanya Sharon Bright , Nyiro Brian , Waswa Francis , Obura Bonniface , Nakaziba Rebecca , Nabulime Eva , Katabazi Ashaba Fred , Nabatanzi Rose , Bayiyana Alice , Mboowa Gerald , Kayongo Alex , Wayengera Misaki , Sande Obondo J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Tripartite Motif Containing 5 alpha (TRIM5α), a restriction factor produced ubiquitously in cells and tissues of the body plays an important role in the immune response against HIV. TRIM5α targets the HIV capsid for proteosomal destruction. Cyclophilin A, an intracellular protein has also been reported to influence HIV infectivity in a cell-specific manner. Accordingly, variations in TRIM5α and Cyclophilin A genes have been documented to influence HIV-1 disease progression. However, these variations have not been documented among Elite controllers in Uganda and whether they play a role in viral suppression remains largely undocumented. Our study focused on identifying the variations in TRIM5α and Cyclophilin A genes among HIV-1 Elite controllers and non-controllers in Uganda.

Results
From the sequence analysis, the rs10838525 G > A mutation in exon 2 of TRIM5α was only found among elite controllers (30%) while the rs3824949 in the 5′UTR was seen among 25% of the non-controllers. In the Cyclophilin A promoter, rs6850 was seen among 62.5% of the non-controllers and only among 10% elite controllers. Furthermore, rs17860048 in the Cyclophillin A promoter was predominantly seen among elite controllers (30%) and 12.5% non-controllers. From gene expression analysis, we noted that the respective genes were generally elevated among elite controllers, however, this difference was not statistically significant (TRIM5α p = 0.6095; Cyclophilin A p = 0.6389).

Conclusion
Variations in TRIM5α and Cyclophillin A promoter may influence HIV viral suppression. The rs10838525 SNP in TRIM5α may contribute to viral suppression among HIV-1 elite controllers. The rs6850 in the cyclophillin A gene may be responsible for HIV-1 rapid progression among HIV-1 non-controllers. These SNPs should be investigated mechanistically to determine their precise role in HIV-1 viral suppression.
Characterization of neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant influenza virus isolates from immunocompromised patients in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Kim Heui Man , Lee Namjoo , Kim Mi-Seon , Kang Chun , Chung Yoon-Seok 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The emergence of influenza viruses resistant to anti-influenza drugs is a threat to global public health. The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention operates the Korea Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Surveillance System (KINRESS) to monitor epidemics of influenza and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) to identify mutated influenza viruses affecting drug resistance, pathogenesis, and transmission.

Methods
Oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from KINRESS and SARI during the 2018–2019 season. The specimens confirmed influenza virus using real-time RT-PCR on inoculated MDCK cells. HA and NA sequences of the influenza viruses were analyzed for phylogeny and mutations. Neuraminidase inhibition and hemagglutination inhibition assays were utilized to characterize the isolates.

Results
Two A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates harboring an H275Y substitution in the neuraminidase sequence were detected in patients with acute hematologic cancer. They had prolonged respiratory symptoms, with the virus present in the respiratory tract despite oseltamivir and peramivir treatment. Through the neuraminidase inhibition assay, both viruses were found to be resistant to oseltamivir and peramivir, but not to zanamivir. Although hemagglutinin and neuraminidase phylogenetic analyses suggested that the 2 A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates were not identical, their antigenicity was similar to that of the 2018–19 influenza vaccine virus.

Conclusions
Our data indicate the utility of monitoring influenza-infected immunocompromised patients in general hospitals for the early detection of emerging neuraminidase inhibitor-resistant viruses and maintaining continuous laboratory surveillance of patients with influenza-like illness in sentinel clinics to monitor the spread of such new variants. Finally, characterization of the virus can inform the risk assessment for future epidemics and pandemics caused by drug-resistant influenza viruses.
Prevalence of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Salari Nader , Hosseinian-Far Amin , Jalali Rostam , Vaisi-Raygani Aliakbar , Rasoulpoor Shna , Mohammadi Masoud , Rasoulpoor Shabnam , Khaledi-Paveh Behnam 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on public mental health. Therefore, monitoring and oversight of the population mental health during crises such as a panedmic is an immediate priority. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing research works and findings in relation to the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles that have focused on stress and anxiety prevalence among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic were searched in the Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (ISI) and Google Scholar databases, without a lower time limit and until May 2020. In order to perform a meta-analysis of the collected studies, the random effects model was used, and the heterogeneity of studies was investigated using the I2 index. Moreover. data analysis was conducted using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software.

Results
The prevalence of stress in 5 studies with a total sample size of 9074 is obtained as 29.6% (95% confidence limit: 24.3–35.4), the prevalence of anxiety in 17 studies with a sample size of 63,439 as 31.9% (95% confidence interval: 27.5–36.7), and the prevalence of depression in 14 studies with a sample size of 44,531 people as 33.7% (95% confidence interval: 27.5–40.6).

Conclusion
COVID-19 not only causes physical health concerns but also results in a number of psychological disorders. The spread of the new coronavirus can impact the mental health of people in different communities. Thus, it is essential to preserve the mental health of individuals and to develop psychological interventions that can improve the mental health of vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cervical sagittal alignment in adolescent high dysplastic developmental spondylolisthesis: how does the cervical spine respond to the reduction of spondylolisthesis?
Authors: Guo Xinhu , Li Weishi , Chen Zhongqiang , Guo Zhaoqing , Qi Qiang , Zeng Yan , Sun Chuiguo , Zhong Woquan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Although pelvic and related parameters have been well stated in lumbar developmental spondylolisthesis, cervical sagittal alignment in these patients is poorly studied, especially in high dysplastic developmental spondylolisthesis (HDDS). The purpose of this study is to investigate the sagittal alignment of the cervical spine in HDDS and how the cervical spine responds to reduction of spondylolisthesis.

Methods
Thirty-three adolescent patients with lumbar developmental spondylolisthesis who received preoperative and postoperative whole-spine x-rays were reviewed. They were divided into the HDDS group (n = 24, 13.0 ± 2.2 years old) and the low dysplastic developmental spondylolisthesis (LDDS) group (n = 9, 15.6 ± 1.9 years old). Spinal and pelvic sagittal parameters, including cervical lordosis (CL), were measured and compared between groups. In the HDDS group, the postoperative parameters were measured and compared with those before surgery.

Results
HDDS group had a higher proportion of cervical kyphosis (70.8% vs. 22.2%, P = 0.019), and there was a significant difference in CL between the two groups (− 8.5° ± 16.1° vs. 10.5° ± 11.8°, P = 0.003). CL was correlated with the Dubousset’s lumbosacral angle (Dub-LSA), pelvic tilt (PT), and thoracic kyphosis (TK). In the HDDS group, CL in patients with a kyphotic cervical spine was significantly improved after reduction of spondylolisthesis (− 16.4° ± 5.9° vs. − 3.6° ± 9.9°, P < 0.001). In the HDDS group, 46% (6/13) of the patients with postoperative Dub-LSA < 90° still had sagittal imbalance (sagittal vertical axis, [SVA] > 5 cm), while no sagittal imbalance was observed in patients with postoperative Dub-LSA > 90° (46% [6/13] vs. 0% [0/11], P = 0.016).

Conclusions
HDDS can lead to cervical kyphosis through a series of compensatory mechanisms. Reduction of spondylolisthesis and correction of lumbosacral kyphosis may correct the cervical kyphosis and normalize the overall spinal sagittal profile. Correction of Dub-LSA to above 90° might be used as an objective to better improve the sagittal alignment of the spine.
Biomechanical study of a low-cost external fixator for diaphyseal fractures of long bones
Authors: Kouassi Kouamé Jean-Eric , Cartiaux Olivier , Fonkoué Loic , Detrembleur Christine , Cornu Olivier 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
External fixation improves open fracture management in emerging countries. However, sophisticated models are often expensive and unavailable. We assessed the biomechanical properties of a low-cost external fixation system in comparison with the Hoffmann® 3 system, as a reference.

Methods
Transversal, oblique, and comminuted fractures were created in the diaphysis of tibia sawbones. Six external fixators were tested in three modes of loading—axial compression, medio-lateral (ML) bending, and torsion—in order to determine construction stiffness. The fixator construct implies two uniplanar (UUEF1, UUEF2) depending the pin-rods fixation system and two biplanar (UBEF1, UBEF2) designs based on different bar to bar connections. The designed low-cost fixators were compared to a Hoffmann® 3 fixator single rod (H3-SR) and double rod (H3-DR). Twenty-seven constructs were stabilized with UUEF1, UUEF2, and H3-SR (nine constructs each). Nine constructs were stabilized with UBEF1, UBEF2, and H3-DR (three constructs each).

Results
UUEF2 was significantly stiffer than H3-SR (p < 0.001) in axial compression for oblique fractures and UUEF1 was significantly stiffer than H3-SR (p = 0.009) in ML bending for transversal fractures. Both UUEFs were significantly stiffer than H3-SR in axial compression and torsion (p < 0.05), and inferior to H3-SR in ML bending, for comminuted fractures. In the same fracture pattern, UBEFs were significantly stiffer than H3-DR (p = 0.001) in axial compression and torsion, while only UBEF1 was significantly stiffer than H3-DR in ML bending (p = 0.013).

Conclusions
The results demonstrated that the stiffness of the UUEF and UBEF device compares to the reference fixator and may be helpful in maintaining fracture reduction. Fatigue testing and clinical assessment must be conducted to ensure that the objective of bone healing is achievable with such low-cost devices.