bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the gender gap in young adult mental health during COVID-19: Evidence from the UK
Authors: Webster Mhairi , Manoukian Sarkis , McKendrick John H. , Biosca Olga 
Published: December 2024

Aims
To explore the prevalence of a mental health gender gap within a young adult sample during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify the impact of loneliness and domestic time use on young people’s, and particularly young women’s mental health.

Method
Using data from the UK Longitudinal Household Survey (UKHLS), this research examines mental health prior to the pandemic (2019) and during the pandemic (April 2020 until September 2021). A random-effects regression analysis was conducted to examine the effects of loneliness, and domestic factors across age and gender to ascertain their contribution to the mental health gender gap in a young adult population.

Results
Average mental health decline was consistently higher for women compared to men, and young people (ages 16–24) saw a reduction in mental health twice as much as those in the oldest age category (over 65). Loneliness accounted for a share of the mental health gender gap, and a more decrease in mental health was recorded for young women experiencing loneliness, compared to older age groups. Domestic and familial factors did not have a significant impact on young people’s mental health.

Conclusions
Although across all ages and genders, mental health had returned to near pre-pandemic levels by September 2021, young people and especially women continue to have worse mental health compared to other age groups, which is consistent with pre-COVID age and gender inequalities. Loneliness is a key driver in gendered mental health inequalities during the pandemic in a young adult population.
Effects of combining sensory-motor exercises with transcranial direct current stimulation on cortical processing and clinical symptoms in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy: An exploratory randomized controlled trial
Authors: Qanbari Soheila , Khanmohammadi Roya , Olyaei Gholamreza , Hosseini Zohreh , Hejazi Hanie Sadat 
Published: December 2024

Background
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is linked to reduced excitability in the primary motor (M1) and sensory (S1) cortices. Combining sensory-motor exercises with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to boost M1 and S1 excitability may improve treatment outcomes. This combined approach aligns with the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying CLBP and may target the neuroplastic changes induced by low back pain. This study aimed to assess whether enhancing M1 and S1 excitability via tDCS, alongside sensory-motor exercises, offers additional benefits for CLBP patients.

Method
Participants were randomly assigned to receive either real or sham tDCS alongside sensory-motor exercises. Outcome measures included pain intensity, disability level, motor control ability, amplitudes of N80 and N150, and the amplitude of motor-evoked potential (MEP) and active motor threshold (AMT) for the multifidus (MF) and transversus abdominis/internal oblique (TrA/IO) muscles. A linear mixed-effects model (LMM) analyzed group, time, and interaction effects, while Spearman’s correlation assessed relationships between neurophysiological and clinical outcomes.

Results
The results showed significant reductions in pain intensity and disability levels (P < 0.001) and improved motor control (P < 0.001) in both groups. Both groups also exhibited increase in MF MEP amplitude (P = 0.042) and N150 amplitude (P = 0.028). The tDCS group demonstrated a significant decrease in AMT of MF and TrA/IO muscles (P < 0.05) and an increase in N80 amplitude (P = 0.027), with no significant changes in the control group. Additionally, the tDCS group had significantly lower AMT for the TrA/IO muscle in the post-test compared to the sham group (P = 0.001). Increased N150 amplitude was correlated with improved motor control.

Conclusions
The findings showed that sensory-motor exercises combined with either tDCS or sham tDCS effectively reduced pain intensity, decreased disability, and improved lumbar motor control in lumbosacral radiculopathy patients. No significant differences were observed between groups, indicating no added clinical benefit from tDCS over exercises alone. However, both groups demonstrated increased N150 and MF MEP amplitudes, suggesting enhanced cortical excitability in motor and sensory regions. While clinical outcomes were similar, neurophysiological data indicate that sensory-motor exercises play a central role in boosting cortical excitability, with tDCS further amplifying this effect, as evidenced by a significant AMT reduction in MF and TrA/IO muscles and an increase in N80 amplitude.
Association study of depressive symptoms and periodontitis in an obese population: Analysis based on NHANES data from 2009 to 2014
Authors: Li Shuning , Liu Jilun , Zhang Rui , Dong Jianfeng 
Published: December 2024

Background
Obesity, depressive symptoms, and periodontitis are major worldwide health concerns. Despite separate studies on both illnesses, no research has directly examined the link between depressive symptoms and periodontitis in obese people. Given the close correlation between obesity and chronic illnesses, as well as the possibility of a bidirectional impact between depressive symptoms and periodontitis, this study aims to investigate the link between depressive symptoms and periodontitis in an obese population.

Methods
This study analyzed data from the NHANES database (2009–2014), including 4,820 persons aged 30 years or older with a BMI over 30. The severity of periodontitis was assessed by clinical attachment loss and probing depth, while symptoms of depressive symptoms were measured using the PHQ-9 questionnaire. After gender, age, race, education, ratio of family income to poverty, sleep duration, diabetes, and cardiovascular illnesses were controlled for, the independent connection between depressive symptoms and periodontitis was investigated using multivariable logistic regression.

Results
The modified models indicated a significant negative correlation between depressive symptoms and periodontitis (effect size: -0.13, 95% CI: -0.24 to -0.01, p = 0.0266), indicating that depressive symptoms may operate as a protective factor against periodontitis. Interaction studies did not indicate substantial impact modification by factors like age, gender, or education level.

Conclusion
This study is the first investigation demonstrating a negative link between depressive symptoms and periodontitis in obese persons, indicating a significant interaction between mental health and dental health in this demographic. The results highlight the importance of comprehensive psychological and oral health care in obese individuals, providing a new avenue for future research and therapeutic applications.
Učinci prelijevanja kratkotrajnih šokova egzogenih makroekonomskih odrednica na mirovinske fondove: modeliranje na uzorku Hrvatske
Authors: Bašić Luka 
Published: December 2024

U radu se preispituju učinci prelijevanja šokova egzogenih makroekonomskih varijabli na mirovinski sustav Hrvatske u kratkom roku (vremenski presjek do jedne godine). Primjenjuje se ekonometrijska metodologija temeljena na strukturnom VAR modelu i dekompoziciji varijance (određenje varijacija šokova) kako bi se ustanovila snaga djelovanja kratkotrajnih šokova. Rezultati istraživanja upućuju na heterogenost i asimetričnost djelovanja kratkotrajnih šokova na putanju korisnika te imovinsku vrijednost uplata kod obveznih i dobrovoljnih (otvorenih) mirovinskih fondova Iz toga proizlaze dva ključna zaključka. Prvo, postoji statistička značajnost u korelaciji prelijevanja učinaka šokova uglavnom u većini neovisnih varijabli na ovisne u modelima, s posebnim naglaskom na šokove porasta kamatnih stopa iz okvira restriktivne monetarne politike. Za produbljenje negativnog jaza šoka potreban je određeni vremenski ciklus uglavnom tek od trećeg mjeseca. Na svaki postotni poen šoka dolazi do promjene u deltama u rasponu od -1,2 do + 1,4 p.p. Drugo, ciklus restriktivne monetarne politike iz okvira porasta kamatnih stopa heterogeno i asimetrično odražava utjecaj na strukturu osoba i imovine/uplata kod obveznih i dobrovoljnih mirovinskih fondova. Kod obveznih mirovinskih fondova uglavnom postoji negativan utjecaj samo na imovinu, dok kod dobrovoljnih mirovinskih fondova postoji negativan utjecaj i na putanju korisnika/štediša i na imovinu fondova. Porast kamatnih stopa iz okvira restriktivne monetarne politike dovodi do pada vrijednosti postojećih obveznica u portfeljima fondova zbog inverznog odnosa između kamatnih stopa i cijena obveznica, što u kratkom roku dovodi do pada vrijednosti imovine fondova. U dugom roku isti taj ciklus monetarne politike očekivano bi trebao dovesti do viših prinosa na nove obveznice, stabilizirajući imovinu diversifikacijom portfelja. Obvezni mirovinski fondovi u okviru svojih investicijskih strategija pokazuju manju volatilnost u putanji korisnika, dok su s druge strane osjetljiviji na promjene u vrijednosti imovine. Otvoreni dobrovoljni mirovinski fondovi sa svojom fleksibilnijom investicijskom strategijom imaju veću osjetljivost na šok promjene u kamatnim stopama i inflaciji.
«Гневные толпы, восставшие против произвола властей» О пресуппозициях и их функциях в научно-популярных текстах на материале книги «Москва: иллюстрированная история» (1985–1986)
Authors: Красникова Анна , Нозеда Валентина 
Published: December 2024

Пресуппозиции, как и другие виды инференции, составляют важнейший компонент вербальной коммуникации, позволяя говорящим порождать высказывания, удовлетворяющие принципу эко-номии языковых средств. В любом тексте cодержание можно разделить на утверждаемое и подразу-меваемое, то есть находящееся в пресуппозиции. Чаще всего адресат соглашается с пресуппозици-ями, то есть принимает пресуппозиционное содержание как истинное, и именно это обеспечивает успешное развитие коммуникации. Однако коммуникативные свойства пресуппозиций могут быть использованы в манипулятивных целях, чтобы представить как самоочевидное и неоспоримое то, что на самом деле является ложным и сомнительным. Один из самых известных примеров — Der Wille des Volkes, «воля народа», который приводил еще Готлоб Фреге (1892): в этом выражении оши-бочно предполагается существование одной единственной воли всех людей, относящихся к тому или иному народу. Фреге первым затронул и проблему манипулятивного потенциала пресуппози-ций. После него ряд ученых обращались к исследованию манипулятивного эффекта пресуппози-ций в различных типах текстов, особенно политических. Тем не менее, до сих пор практически нет работ, в которых бы использование пресуппозиций для передачи адресату определенной картины мира рассматривалось бы на русскоязычном материале.В данной статье наличие и использование пресуппозиций, а также их потенциально манипуля-тивные функции анализируются на примере книги «Москва: иллюстрированная история» (1985– 1986) — этот выбор обусловлен намерением изучить тексты, не относящиеся к категории откро-венно пропагандистских, где большая часть пропагандистского содержания выражена в ассерции. Исследование показывает, какие идеи заложены в пресуппозициях, насколько регулярно использо-вался этот прием и какое неоспоримое представление о реальности создавалось в результате. Боль-шинство идей, заложенные в текстах, можно свести к следующим: наличие единой многонацио-нальной страны, которая существовала на протяжении всей русской истории и в которой Москва уже с ранних веков была главным центром; отождествление всех государств, в которых русский народ был титульным, от Киевской Руси до Советского Союза; представление о том, что Россия всегда была окружена врагами; неизбежность классовой борьбы на всех этапах развития истории.Очевидно, что эффект манипуляции зависит от социально-исторического контекста. Следова-тельно, представленные здесь тексты, скорее всего, воспринимались читателями того времени, по-груженными в пропитанную пропагандой среду, как связные и конгруэнтные.
Framework for Aleatory Variability and Epistemic Uncertainty for the Ground-Motion Characterization Based on the Level of Simplification
Authors: Liou Irene , Abrahamson Norman 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty are commonly used concepts in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA); however, separating uncertainty into aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty is often seen as arbitrary. As part of the ground-motion characterization, we present a clarifying framework for defining aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty for ground-motion models (GMMs). Aleatory variability is mainly due to unmodeled physical behaviors affecting ground motion. In contrast, epistemic uncertainty refers to the scientific uncertainty that the earthquake effects included in the model are modeled correctly. What is treated as aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty depends on the level of model simplification. Simple models have larger aleatory variability and smaller epistemic uncertainty than complex models that model more physical behaviors. The framework has two parts: the method component, related to the algorithm and basic formulation for computing the ground motion, and the parametric component, which captures the effect of inputs to the GMM that are not included in the hazard integral. Each part has three components: aleatory variability, epistemic uncertainty in the median ground motion, and epistemic uncertainty in the size of the aleatory variability. The six terms provide a framework to ensure that all parts of the aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty are included once and only once in the hazard calculation. The framework is especially beneficial as a guide for incorporating more complex GMMs into PSHA; it clarifies the separation of aleatory variability and epistemic uncertainty for nonergodic GMMs and numerical simulations.
Role of repeat staging laparoscopy in locoregionally advanced gastric or gastroesophageal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Avdyukhin I. G. , Kalinin A. E. , Egenov O. A. , Abgaryan M. G. , Titova T. A. , Stilidi I. S. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Nowadays there are no international recommendations regarding the necessity of repeated diagnostic laparoscopy (with cytological examination or without it) after preoperative chemotherapy for resectable gastric cancer Purpose: To determine the indications for the repeated laparoscopic surgery in gastric or gastroesophageal cancer patientsMaterials and methods: The information on 449 IB-III stage gastric cancer patients was analyzed. After 4 cycles of chemotherapy 52 patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy with peritoneal fluid cytology testing.Results: The multifactorial analysis showed that tumor progression detected on CT scans and gastroscopy, subtotal gastric involvement (p < 0,014), and diffuse Lauren type (p < 0,026) were statistically significant negative prognostic factors after preoperative chemotherapy. The 8 weeks interval after neoadjuvant chemotherapy wasn’t significant.Results: The repeat staging laparoscopy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is safe and may be considered for a certain category of patients.
Implementacja wymogu MREL do sektora bankowego
Authors: Czechowska Iwona Dorota , Lipiński Czesław , Stawska Joanna M. , Stępińska Joanna , Zatoń Wojciech , Borys Marcin 
Published: December 2024

Monografia stanowi kompendium wiedzy z dziedziny szeroko pojętych finansów, o istocie i mechanizmach funkcjonowania sektora bankowego oraz wiążących się z nimi problemach. Przedmiot analizy to minimalny wymóg w zakresie funduszy własnych i zobowiązań kwalifikowalnych (ang. Minimum Requirement on Own Funds and Eligible Liabilities – MREL) wprowadzony w systemach bankowych krajów UE w celu zapewnienia odporności poszczególnych instytucji finansowych na negatywne skutki zmian w otoczeniu gospodarczym, poprzez utrzymywanie rezerw kapitałowych na poziomie umożliwiającym pokrycie ewentualnych strat i rekapitalizację. W publikacji opisano zagadnienie zasadności stosowania w praktyce wymogów MREL. Zakres publikacji obejmuje sektor bankowy w Polsce, w szczególności grupę banków notowanych na GPW, a także porównanie poziomów MREL w sektorze bankowym w Polsce z poziomami w sektorach bankowych innych krajów UE. Celem opracowania jest oszacowanie potrzeb związanych ze spełnieniem MREL i przedstawienie praktycznych aspektów dotyczących tego procesu, m.in. rodzaju wykorzystywanych instrumentów, ponoszonych kosztów i możliwych czynników ryzyka. W monografii poszukiwano odpowiedzi na pytania badawcze: Jaka jest skala potrzeb w zakresie pozyskania funduszy własnych i zobowiązań kwalifikowalnych banków? Jakie instrumenty są wykorzystywane dla spełnienia wymogu MREL? Czy możliwe jest istotne zwiększenie ryzyka zagrożenia stabilności finansowej, gdyby poszczególne instytucje inwestowały w instrumenty MREL?
Waga problemu MREL jest niezwykle istotna, zwłaszcza w okresach kryzysu. W opracowaniu autorzy przedstawili istotę wymogu MREL i charakterystykę wymogów ostrożnościowych, opisali zasady jego wyliczania, zaprezentowali trendy i zjawiska szczegółowe w zakresie MREL, ukazali analizę doświadczeń innych krajów, a także koszty, czynniki ryzyka i praktyczne problemy wdrożenia tego wymogu. W dotychczasowych badaniach rzadko podejmowano próby pogłębionej analizy wymogu w zakresie funduszy własnych i zobowiązań kwalifikowanych w sektorze bankowym. Oryginalność niniejszej publikacji stanowi zebranie w całość informacji na temat MREL i przedstawienie tego zagadnienia w perspektywie jego implementacji. Jest to jedna z pierwszych pozycji ujmujących w sposób tak syntetyczny i zarazem szczegółowy tego typu problematykę na rynku wydawniczym w Polsce.
Genetic Improvement of Arachis hypogaea var TMV(Gn) 13 Through Induced Mutagenesis
Authors: Jerish, J.R. , Saravanan, S. , Geetha, K. , Hepziba, S. Juliet , Pillai, M. Arumugam , Sheela, J. , Pushpam A. Kavitha 
Published: December 2024

Background: Groundnut, a reputed cash crop govern the national economy integrating biometrical and nutritional superiority. The role of oleic and linoleic acids determining the oil quality were controlled by alleles a09 (ahFAD2A) and b09 (ahFAD2B) respectively. Groundnut exhibiting significant levels of oleic acid can supplement variety of nutritional and physiological benefits. The present study involved the investigation of major biometrical and nutritional traits on the putative mutants developed from the groundnut variety TMV(Gn)13. Methods: Genetic material used for the present study involved M3 populations (200Gy, 250Gy and 30 EMS, 50 EMS) developed involving a pureline from TMV (Gn) 13. The seeds of TMV(Gn)13 were exposed to gamma irradiation with an acute dose ranged between 100 and 700 Gy and EMS during Kar 2024. Based upon the GR 50 values, the progenies of 200 gy and 250 gy besides chemical EMS dose of 30 EMS and 50 EMS dosage were evaluated in M1 during Rabi 2022 and selected putative mutants was forwarded to M2 during Kharif 2023. Phenotypic traits including oil quality traits along with LLS were investigated. Result: Biometrical traits viz., pod length, kernel width and other yield contributing traits had exhibited minimum coefficient of variation while the greater CV was registered for the oil quality traits. Putative mutants PM 8, PM 24 and PM 32 construed as superior mutants among the thirty-two putative mutants expressing greater value for most of the yield and oil quality traits. Principal component analysis construed that the first five principal components explained about 86.99 per cent of the total genetic variability. Cluster analysis grouped 32 putative mutants and three checks under three clusters indicating the maximum accommodation of putative mutants in cluster I. The putative mutants were genotyped with allele specific marker along with the primers specific to LLS and oleic acid trait implicated that Girnar 4(71.27%), PM 8(43.23%), PM 24(44.34%) and PM 32(43.47%) were found to have ahFAD2A mutation with high oleic acid content when compared with the control TMV (Gn) 13 (35-39%).
Racial and Ethnic Representation of the Local Public Health Workforce
Authors: Balio Casey P. , Leslie Haleigh , Meit Michael B. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives. To describe racial and ethnic representativeness of the local health department (LHD) workforce compared with the populations served. Methods. In this study, we used a cross-sectional design of the 2021 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey, 2019 National Association of County and City Health Officials Profile data, and other sources to estimate the racial and ethnic representativeness of LHD workforce. We calculated representativeness as a binary measure of at least representative of the populations served for each race and ethnicity group. We present bivariate analyses comparing LHD representativeness by region and rurality, and multivariate analyses to estimate the associations between representativeness, agency, and jurisdiction characteristics. This study was conducted in Tennessee in 2023. Results. Sixty percent of LHDs in the sample were at least representative of the Black, Indigenous, and People of Color populations they serve. For most race and ethnicity groups, urban-serving LHDs were more representative of the populations they serve than rural-serving LHDs. Conclusions. Racial and ethnic representativeness of the LHD workforce varies by rurality, region, and race or ethnicity. These findings may help inform training, recruitment, and retention efforts in public health. ( Am J Public Health. 2025;115(3):333–343. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307903 )