bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Representation of Women and Female Mobility in Hungarian Films between 1931 and 1944
Authors: Vajdovich Györgyi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Györgyi Vajdovich’s article aims to describe the representation of female roles in Hungarian feature films of the period 1931 to 1944. The study is based on the analysis of the database that was created within the framework of the research project The Social History of Hungarian Cinema. Concentrating on the representation of female protagonists, this article first analyses the presence and prevalence of female figures in all Hungarian sound films (up until 2015). Then it narrows the scope of analysis to films produced between 1931 and 1944, and describes the typical professions and social and financial positions of female protagonists, as compared to those of male protagonists. The second half of the text examines the representation of female upward mobility in comedies – showing that according to the popular myths of the era, female upward mobility is principally realized through good marriage, with the narratives of the films rarely presenting the professional success of female protagonists and their possibilities of emancipation. Analysing the narrative patterns and gender roles in the films of the time, the text concludes that the narratives of female ascension, which mostly took form in comedies, reflected the desire of middle-class people to transgress the social and financial boundaries in society. As such, the films served to maintain and strengthen the patriarchal order of the era.
Up the Slope. Women’s Mobility Stories in Post-Transition Hungarian Cinema
Authors: Margitházi Beja 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Using data and statistics obtained in the research project The Social History of Hungarian Cinema (1931–2015), this study investigates the upward and downward mobility movements of women in the Hungarian films made after the regime change. The political transition following the collapse of communism radically altered the economic and social structure of Hungarian society. The social experiences of losses and failures, as well as the closing social structure are reflected directly and explicitly in many Hungarian films made between 1990 and 2015. With the help of Bernard Weiner’s social attribution theory for describing failure and success, the article analyses the narratives of these films in terms of the extent to which and the proportion that they are attributed to inner, individual dispositions or external circumstances. Based on this approach, the author states that female heroines in these movies appear to move “up the slope,” as they are pulled down not only by the gravitational force of economic and social crises, but also by the lack of emancipation and gender equality.
Everything Changes… More or Less. Opinions about the Post-Pandemic World among Ethnic Hungarians from Transylvania (Romania)
Authors: Nistor Laura , Gergely Orsolya , Sántha Ágnes , Telegdy Balázs 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The analysis presents some of the results of an online survey regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, which was undertaken among ethnic Hungarians from Transylvania. The survey was based on a convenience sample and was realized between 16 and 26 April 2020, so during a specific period of the lockdown. Among others, the questionnaire asked the respondents about the degree in which the post-pandemic world would change. The answers to the question show that nearly three quarters of the respondents think that the world will not change at all or it will suffer only minor changes. Those who are more prone towards seeing a totally or a majorly changed world are in a minority. We assume that this situation could reflect a wishful thinking in front of an uncertain context. The regression analysis showed that respondents’ opinion regarding the change can be only marginally predicted by the selected independent variables. Men, those holding materialistic values, are significantly less convinced that the world will suffer major/total changes. On the other hand, trust in several institutions raises the odds of formulating the opinion that the post-pandemic world will be considerably changed.
Green Practices as a Path towards the Sustainability: Evidence from Portuguese Companies
Authors: Alves Wellington , Silva Ângela , Rodrigues Helena Sofia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: In the last years, the concept of sustainability has been receiving global attention from academics, the public sector and practitioners. The high level of industrialization has contributed to the increase of environmental impacts on the environment and the society. To give a sustainable answer to the industrial sector, more strategies aimed at reducing the environmental and social impacts should be considered.
Objectives: This research aims to evaluate the level of environmental practices in a set of companies from the northern region of Portugal.
Methods/Approach: In order to achieve the objective of this research, several steps were taken, and approach is mainly based on an online questionnaire administered in a set of companies.
Results: The initial results show that companies are progressing when it comes to the implementation of measures and practices related to sustainability.
Conclusions: The study resulted in suggestions for consulted companies, namely the need for effective mechanics to ensure compulsory but expedite environmental procedures along with procedures control, which is a key factor in ensuring sustainable and green practices.
Comparison of Two Network-Theory-Based Methods for detecting Functional Regions
Authors: Drobne Samo , Garre Alberto , Hontoria Eloy , Konjar Miha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Functional regions are abstract, uniformly defined territorial units that form an important basis for many development strategies of a country or a region.
Objectives: This study analyses the application of network theory to the detection of such regions.
Methods/Approach: Functional regions are analysed using two methods based on the graph theory: the Walktrap algorithm and the chain approach. The quality of the two regionalization methods is analysed using the fuzzy set theory with the revised method. Slovenia was used as a case study.
Results: The Walktrap algorithm generated eight functional regions; seven of them corresponded to those identified in previous studies. The only difference occurred in the northwestern mountainous part of Slovenia. The chain approach led to similar results, although it resulted in a huge functional urban region of the capital Ljubljana.
Conclusions: The results show that the Walktrap algorithm calculates regions that are more closed, where more workers find work in the home region, than the chain approach.
Variability of Stress Indicators in Jumping Horses in Parkour Due to Horse Age and Competitive Season
Authors: Gregić Maja , Bobić Tina , Baban Mirjana , Bunevski Gjoko , Gantner Vesna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aiming to determine the variability in stress indicators due to horse age and competitive season (May, July, September) in jumping horses in parkour, research was performed on 14 studs (7 younger, and 7 older) trained and bred in the same conditions. The stress indicators (heartbeats, cortisol, glucose, and lactate concentrations in saliva) were measured or sampled before, during and at the end of the training - parkour jumping. The significance of the differences in stress indicators between the horse age classes regarding the competitive season was tested by Tukey’s test. Based on determined results it could be concluded that all stress indicators, during the entire competitive season, were higher in younger (less experienced) than in older (more experienced) horses. Furthermore, all stress indicators, with the exception of heartbeats, were highest in the peak of competitive season (July), while the lowest values of all stress indicators were determined at the end of competitive season (September). Monitoring of stress indicators, especially heartbeats, could be used for routine evaluation of horse preparedness for a particular activity.
Toward understanding the complexity of the COVID-19 crisis: a grounded theory approach
Authors: Bratianu Constantin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the complexity of the COVID-19 crisis by using the grounded theory approach. It is a new approach based on a data set constituted from published papers, reports delivered by official organizations or research institutes, working papers, and public information in media. Each of these documents presents data, information, knowledge, and ideas, usually from a single perspective. The present research uses the method of grounded theory and constructs an integrated model of analysis that explores the complexity of the global crisis induced by COVID-19. For the present research, the data were extracted from published papers focused on different aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic induced economic crisis. That means a meta-analysis of the initial quantitative data but performed from a semantic perspective. The findings show that COVID-19 induced economic crisis is a complex phenomenon that is influenced directly and indirectly by the health system crisis, governmental policies, and behavior of people. The integrated model we got can be used as a tool in a further investigation for a deeper understanding of the complexity of COVID-19. The originality of this paper comes from creating a meta-analysis with the grounded theory of different aspects investigated in a series of papers and constructing a dynamic model capable of approaching the complexity of this Black Swan phenomenon.
Tit for Tat? The Difficulty of Designing Two-Sided Reputation Systems
Authors: Holtz David , Fradkin Andrey 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In a two-sided reputation system, it is in the interest of both buyers and sellers to be a good transaction partner. What sounds wonderful in theory is unfortunately not so easy to implement in reality. Reputation systems can have flaws due to factors such as reciprocity and retaliation, selective reviewing, and reputation inflation. These flaws cause the ratings collected on the platform to diverge from the actual experiences that marketplace participants are having. When reputation systems are not thoughtfully designed, it can be hard to distinguish between the “high quality” and “low quality” interactions. This makes it difficult to identify and remove bad actors and increases the chances of a “bad match”. Innovations in reputation system design, such as simultaneous reveal of information, review incentives, and greater reliance on private feedback, are making it easier to implement two-sided systems while avoiding the common pitfalls.
Comparing Digital Communication Systems: An empirical framework for analysing the political economy of digital infrastructures
Authors: Flensburg Sofie , Lai Signe Sophus 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article offers a research tool for comparative studies of digital communication systems. It brings together the fields of infrastructure studies, Internet governance, and political economy of the Internet with the tradition of systemic media analysis and argues that existing frameworks are inadequate for capturing regulatory and power structures in a complex digital environment. In the article, we develop a framework for conceptualising and mapping the components of digital communication systems – the DCS framework – and operationalise it for standardised measurements by outlining twelve key indicators that can be analysed using empirical data from a number of existing databases. The framework provides a basis for measuring and comparing digital communication systems across national or regional contexts, and thereby developing new typologies for how to understand structural differences and similarities.
FREDDY TABERNA, ANTROPOLOGÍA PARA LA REVOLUCIÓN
Authors: Chiappe Carlos María 
Published: November 2020

Durante el gobierno de Salvador Allende (1970-1973) los estudios andinos chilenos se abocaron a investigar las comunidades indígenas del Norte Grande con el objeto de sopesar su potencial de adecuación (y la forma en que ésta debería llevarse a cabo) a las reformas implementadas por el gobierno nacional en un contexto mundial marcado por la problemática del desarrollo. En este artículo me propongo abordar esta temática mediante el análisis de un escrito científico cuya autoría es de Freddy Taberna. En tanto el mismo expresa la forma en que el autor entendió que las investigaciones sociales en el norte de Chile debían encararse, considero que este constituye un campo propicio para indagar algunas de las representaciones epocales sobre los fundamentos del conocimiento científico. En su parte conclusiva este artículo intenta responder, a partir de la opción política explícita de la fuente analizada, a qué proyecto intelectual ésta respondió y que sujeto de conocimiento ayudó a construir.
ABSTRACT
During Salvador Allende´s Government (1970-1973) the Andean Chilean studies devoted themselves to investigate the indian communities from Norte Grande aiming to balance their adequacy potential (and the way in which it should be carried on) to the reforms implemented by the National government in a world context marked by development issues. In this article I propose to approach this probematic through the analysis of a scientific writting whose autorship belongs to Freddy Taberna. As it expresses the way in which the author understood that the social researchs in Northern Chile should be faced, I consider that it builds a propitious field to inquire some epochal representations about scientific knowledge´s foundations. In the conclusive part, having in mind the explicit policy option given by the analyzed source, this article tries to respond to which intelectual proyect it belongs and which kind of knowledge helped to build.
TRANSFORMACIONES DEL CAPITAL CULTURAL Y CONFORMACIÓN DEL CAPITAL SOCIAL. LA ESCUELA, LOS PRECEPTORES, LOS ALUMNOS Y SUS FAMILIAS. NORTE CHICO DE CHILE, 1860-1920
Authors: Hirmas Fernández Emerson 
Published: November 2020

Este artículo estudia algunos elementos de cambio y permanencia en el capital cultural de las familias tradicionales populares, y la influencia de capital social de la escuela y los educadores entre 1860 y 1920 en algunas zonas urbanas del Norte Chico. Plantea que las familias populares desplegaron estrategias de conciliación entre el capital cultural tradicional que legaban a sus hijos, con el capital cultural escolar enseñado en la escuela. También evalúa la participación de la familia en la escuela y los procesos educativos, y establece el rol de los sentimientos como agente de cambio en el capital cultural tradicional de las familias populares, facilitando la difusión del valor intangible de la enseñanza escolar. Finalmente, postula que la carencia de capital social de la escuela y especialmente del docente, influyó efectivamente en las bajas tasas de asistencia y escolaridad.
“LOS ZARPAZOS DEL LEÓN” LA CENSURA POLÍTICA CONTRA LA PRENSA EN EL SEGUNDO GOBIERNO DE ARTURO ALESSANDRI. CHILE, 1933-1938
Authors: Donoso Fritz Karen 
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se estudiará la relación que estableció el segundo gobierno de Arturo Alessandri con la prensa de oposición, considerando la diada censura/libertad de expresión. Como hipótesis sostenemos que la censura política a la prensa tuvo como objeto disciplinar al movimiento social y la oposición política, y mantuvo líneas de continuidad en la práctica represiva de los gobiernos anteriores. Para ello, utilizó cuatro mecanismos de censura, que identificamos como administrativa, judicial, policial y previa. Analizaremos estos tipos de censura a partir de un análisis histórico, considerando los agentes represores, el marco legal y coyunturas represivas. Finalmente, concluiremos que la censura política fue una política de estado durante el segundo Alessandrismo.
Jimena Paz Obregón Iturra y Jorge Muñoz R. (Edit.), Le 11 Septembre chilien. Le coup d’état à l’épreuve du temps 1973- 2013.
Authors: Ahumada González Camila 
Published: November 2020

Revisión libro: Le 11 Septembre chilien. Le coup d’état à l’épreuve du temps 1973-2013.
EL PAISAJE COMO CONSTRUCCIÓN CULTURAL: LA MIRADA DE LOS VIAJEROS EUROPEOS SOBRE EL LAGO TITICACA (SIGLO XIX)
Authors: Fernández Domingo Enrique 
Published: November 2020

A partir de la definición de paisaje y la importancia de la mirada en sus representaciones y su historicidad, proponemos en este artículo el análisis de los relatos de cinco viajeros europeos (Charles Wiener, Paul Marcoy, Théodore Ber, Luigi Balzan y Manuel de Almagro y Vera) en los cuales describen su confrontación con el lago Titicaca y sus orillas. El paisaje lo concebimos en este trabajo como una adquisición cultural, una representación producida por la mirada, es decir, una perspectiva intelectual situada en el espacio y el tiempo, una abstracción que moviliza referentes y procesos culturales.
ABSTRACT
In this article we propose the analysis of the accounts of five European travelers (Charles Wiener, Paul Marcoy, Théodore Ber, Luigi Balzan y Manuel de Almagro y Vera). Your books describe your confrontation with the lake Titicaca and his shores. We define the landscape as a cultural acquisition, a representation produced by the look, an intellectual perspective placed in the space and the time, an abstraction that mobilizes modals and cultural processes.
“Indios en collera”, deportaciones coloniales de trabajadores Huarpes y Aucaes. Razón de Estado e intereses particulares. Chile, 1598-1658
Authors: Obregón Iturra Jimena 
Published: November 2020

El análisis caracteriza los desplazamientos bajo apremio a los que fueron sometidos, en la primera mitad del siglo XVII, miembros de dos pueblos originarios que se encontraban en situaciones distintas ante el poder colonial español. Los huarpes eran indios de encomienda, deportados en colleras por vía terrestre desde Cuyo hacia Santiago, a través de la cordillera de los Andes. Por su parte, los araucano-mapuches llamados aucaes, eran esclavos de guerra que, también atados en colleras, fueron transportados en navíos hacia Lima/El Callao. El artículo indaga las condiciones materiales de los traslados indígenas, así como el tipo de deportación al que se procedió. Las élites coloniales necesitadas de mano de obra, buscaban más bien acercar a los deportados a los centros de poder y regiones aledañas, logrando a menudo que las autoridades hispanas hicieran caso omiso de la vertiente protectora de la legislación de Indias.
LETRAS EN LA FRONTERA. LA CULTURA ESCRITA EN CONCEPCIÓN COLONIAL
Authors: Cartes Montory Armando 
Published: November 2020

Los estudios bibliográficos, en espacios regionales, son escasos. Las obras locales se suman a recopilaciones de alcance nacional, o bien se reducen a monografías sobre autores o textos específicos. Es otra de las carencias de la historiografía regional chilena, que atenta contra la construcción de una identidad cultural, a la vez propia y en diálogo con el acervo literario nacional. Miradas modernas, además, abordan también el problema desde la lectura y los lectores, asumiendo perspectivas propias de la historia cultural. El presente trabajo aborda la historia de la cultura impresa en el Bio-Bio de manera panorámica, en los tiempos coloniales. El objetivo es conocer la evolución del libro, la educación y las bibliotecas en espacios locales.
ABSTRACT
Bibliographical studies in regional spaces are rare. Local works are either included in recopilations of a national character or are reduced to monographies about specific authors or texts. This is another drawback of the Chilean regional historiography, which goes against the building of a cultural identitythat is genuine and at the same time enters into a dialogue with the national literary patrimony. Modern outlooks, furthermore, also address the problem from the perspective of reading and the readers, assuming perspectives germaine to cultural history. This article analyzes the history of printed culture in Bio-Bio in a panoramic perspective, during the colonial times. The purpose is to understand the evolution of the book, the education and libraries at the local level.
El lugar de la narrativa en la historiografía de nuestros días.
Authors: Alvarado Leyton Matias 
Published: November 2020

Este artículo analiza las posibilidades semióticas de la narrativa ante los actuales cuestionamientos que atraviesa la disciplina histórica, replanteando ciertos límites epistemológicos que se le han impuesto, a veces de forma arbitraria. De este modo, se propone que conciliar la disciplina histórica con la narrativa puede permitir mejores resultados, basados en una escritura más libre, justa, original y reflexiva, y no la disminución de la rigurosidad de éstos. Dicha conciliación cobra mayor sentido al considerar el creciente hermetismo de las últimas décadas en el cual se ha ensimismado la disciplina histórica, alejándose de la población y limitándose a un lenguaje indescifrable para la mayoría de ésta.
Clima e Historia en un difícil cambio de centuria. Catástrofe ambiental y crisis multifactorial en Chile a inicios del siglo XX.
Authors: Camus Pablo , Jaksic Fabián 
Published: November 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar algunas relaciones entre clima e historia reciente de Chile. Sin caer en un determinismo geográfico proponemos que eventos climáticos extremos pueden originar agitación y malestar social relevantes. Los años 1899 y 1900 han sido los dos años seguidos más lluviosos de nuestra historia republicana y ocasionaron severas inundaciones, pérdida de animales, cosechas, viviendas, hambre y enfermedades. En los años que siguieron sobrevinieron los motines y huelgas populares más estudiadas de nuestra historia. ¿Fue esto mera coincidencia o bien los estragos de los temporales contribuyeron a desencadenar una reacción cada vez más organizada y consciente de lossectores populares? A través de la prensa y de la documentación oficial de la época intentamos reconstruir los alcances de la catástrofe.
Una cárcel correccional en Montevideo: La búsqueda de un espacio para encausados (1882-1932)
Authors: Fessler Daniel 
Published: November 2020

El presente trabajo aspira a estudiar el proceso que llevó a la concreción de una cárcel para encausados en Montevideo habilitando una prisión que permitiera cumplir con la adecuada clasificación de los internos. Se planteaba terminar con la precariedad en el alojamiento, evitando la convivencia entre presos de condiciones diversas garantizando la efectiva separación. El decreto de 1882 puede ser pensado como el punto de partida hacía la construcción de un edificio penitenciario finalmente inaugurado en 1888. Pero, otro tanto, es factible de considerarse con respecto a la realización de un espacio para encausados previsto en esa resolución. Las propuestas terminaron oscilando entre el ideal de la construcción de un moderno edificio y las soluciones de emergencia. El último cuarto del siglo XIX y las primeras décadas del XX, con el proyecto de construir una cárcel en 1932, evidencian la alternancia entre lo que se interpretó como una solución de fondo y la apelación a medidas pautadas por su provisoriedad.