bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Efficacy of Iloprost Treatment in Amputations Due to Burn
Authors: Sevil Fehim Can , Sevil Hülya , Tort Mehmet , Öztürk Mehmet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of our study was to demonstrate the decrease in amputation rates with iloprost treatment in patients who develop vascular injury due to burns. The data of 366 adult burn patients who were admitted to the emergency department of our hospital between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, burn factors, vascular examination findings, medical treatments, amputation rates, and levels were recorded. The amputation rates of the patients who were treated with iloprost and who were not treated with iloprost were compared. The mean age of 366 adult patients treated for burns was 37.8 ± 16.4 years, and of these patients, 220 (59.9%) were under 40 years of age. Although heat burns (n = 331.85%) were the most common burn etiology, it was found that the incidence of vascular injury was higher in burns caused by electricity (11.7%) and cold (3.3%) (P &lt; 0.001). Vascular injury was detected in 60 (16.3%) of the patients and 21 (35%) of these patients were treated with iloprost. Amputation was observed in 20 (5.5%) of all burn patients, but only one of the patients treated with iloprost underwent amputation (P &lt; .001). The individual and social impacts of amputations caused by burns are unquestionable. The authors are of the opinion that iloprost treatment is effective in reducing amputations due to burns.
Phase 1b study to investigate the safety and tolerability of idelalisib in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Fukuhara Noriko , Kinoshita Tomohiro , Yamamoto Kazuhito , Nagai Hirokazu , Izutsu Koji , Yamamoto Go , Bhargava Pankaj , Rajakumaraswamy Nishan , Humeniuk Rita , Mathias Anita , Xing Guan , Fukui Masato , Tobinai Kensei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
Idelalisib is an orally administered, highly selective inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-δ. In this phase 1b study, the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of idelalisib, an oral inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-δ, were evaluated in Japanese patients with relapsed or refractory indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Methods
In total, six patients (follicular lymphoma: n = 3, chronic lymphocytic leukemia: n = 3) were enrolled to receive idelalisib 150 mg twice daily.

Results
No dose-limiting toxicities were reported. The most common adverse events were diarrhea (n = 5), gastritis (n = 3), insomnia (n = 3) and pyrexia (n = 3). The most common ≥grade 3 adverse events were diarrhea (n = 2), increased transaminase levels (n = 2) and decreased appetite (n = 2). The maximum idelalisib plasma concentrations (Cmax) were achieved at 2.50 h (range: 1.50–4.00 h). The mean idelalisib plasma concentrations decreased over time but remained detectable in most patients at 12 h. All enrolled patients underwent efficacy evaluation by investigators, and five patients (follicular lymphoma: n = 2, chronic lymphocytic leukemia: n = 3) achieved partial response. The median duration of partial response was 14.5 months (range: 3.7–31.3 months).

Conclusion
Idelalisib 150 mg twice daily was considered tolerable in Japanese patients with follicular lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
(Clinical trial registration: NCT02242045)
Circadian activity patterns of mammalian predators and prey in Costa Rica
Authors: Botts Ryan T , Eppert Amy A , Wiegman Timothy J , Rodriguez Abner , Blankenship Steven R , Asselin Ellen M , Garley Wyatt M , Wagner Abigail P , Ullrich Sierra E , Allen Gabrielle R , Mooring Michael S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Temporal niche shifts can shape predator–prey interactions by enabling predator avoidance, enhancing feeding success, and reducing competition among predators. Using a community-based conservation approach, we investigated temporal niche partitioning of mammalian predators and prey across 12 long-term camera trap surveys in the Pacific slope and Talamanca Cordillera of Costa Rica. Temporal overlap and segregation were investigated between predator–prey and predator–predator pairs using overlap analysis, circular statistics, and relative abundance after accounting for differences in habitat, season, and human impact among sites. We made the assumption that predators select abundant prey and adjust their activity to maximize their temporal overlap, thus we predicted that abundant prey with high overlap would be preferred prey species for that predator. We also predicted that similar-sized pairs of predator species with the greatest potential for competitive interactions would have the highest temporal segregation. Our results supported the existence of temporal niche separation among the eight species of predators—the smaller Leopardus felids (ocelot, margay, oncilla) were primarily nocturnal, the largest felids (jaguar and puma) and coyote were cathemeral, and the smaller jaguarundi and tayra were mostly diurnal. Most prey species (67%) were primarily nocturnal versus diurnal or cathemeral (33%). Hierarchical clustering identified relationships among species with the most similar activity patterns. We discuss the primary prey and competitor species predicted for each of the eight predators. Contrary to our prediction, the activity pattern of similar-sized intraguild competitors overlapped more than dissimilar-sized competitors, suggesting that similar-sized predators are hunting the same prey at the same time. From this we conclude that prey availability is more important than competition in determining circadian activity patterns of Neotropical predators. Our results indicate the presence of a delicate balance of tropical food webs that may be disrupted by overhunting, leading to a depauperate community consisting of ubiquitous generalists and endangered specialists. With Central America a hotspot for hunting-induced “empty forests,” community-based conservation approaches may offer the best road to reduce illegal hunting and maintain the biodiversity and community structure of tropical forest systems.
Unusual presentation of small bowel GIST: diffuse omental & mesenteric sarcomatosis
Authors: Catarci Marco , Balla Andrea , Coppola Luigi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) represent ~1% of gastrointestinal (GI) tract neoplasms. Unusual presentation of a small bowel GIST with diffuse omental and mesenteric implants in a symptomatic patient is reported. CT scan in a 68-years-old woman showed multiple processes with solid density and colliquation areas in the abdominal cavity. At surgery, an uncommon finding of multiple omental and mesenteric secondary implants was evident. The index mass with 40 cm of adjacent small bowel, omentum and all peritoneal lesions were completely removed. Definitive pathology report showed a small bowel GIST with focal areas of necrosis and high mitotic activity (35 mitosis/50 High Power Fields), with multiple metastases on mesentery and omentum. Patient was therefore submitted to adjuvant treatment with Imatinib and a close follow-up program. Small bowel GIST with high mitotic activity may present with diffuse omental and mesenteric peritoneal seedings. Complete surgical clearance remains the mainstay of treatment.
Laboratory quantification of a plenoptic wavefront sensor with extended objects
Authors: Zhang Zhentao , Bharmal Nazim , Morris Tim , Liang Yonghui 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTAdaptive optics (AO) is widely used in ground-based telescopes to compensate the effects of atmosphere distortion, and the wavefront sensor is a significant component in the AO systems. The plenoptic wavefront sensor has been proposed as an alternative wavefront sensor adequate for extended objects and wide field of views. In this paper, a experimental bench has been set up to investigate the slope measurement accuracy and closed-loop wavefront correction performance for extended objects. From the experimental results, it has been confirmed that plenoptic wavefront sensor is suitable for extended objects wavefront sensing with proper optical design. The slope measurements have a good linearity and accuracy when observing extended objects. The image quality is significantly improved after closed-loop correction. A method of global tip/tilt measurement using only plenoptic wavefront sensor frame is proposed in this paper, it is also a potential advantage of plenoptic wavefront sensor in extended objects wavefront sensing.
The cooling-down central star of the planetary nebula SwSt 1: a late thermal pulse in a massive post-AGB star?
Authors: Hajduk Marcin , Todt Helge , Hamann Wolf-Rainer , Borek Karolina , van Hoof Peter A M , Zijlstra Albert A 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
SwSt 1 (PN G001.5-06.7) is a bright and compact planetary nebula containing a late [WC]-type central star. Previous studies suggested that the nebular and stellar lines are slowly changing with time. We studied new and archival optical and ultraviolet spectra of the object. The [O iii] 4959 and 5007 Å to H β line flux ratios decreased between about 1976 and 1997/2015. The stellar spectrum also shows changes between these epochs. We modelled the stellar and nebular spectra observed at different epochs. The analyses indicate a drop of the stellar temperature from about 42 kK to 40.5 kK between 1976 and 1993. We do not detect significant changes between 1993 and 2015. The observations show that the star performed a loop in the H–R diagram. This is possible when a shell source is activated during its post-AGB evolution. We infer that a late thermal pulse (LTP) experienced by a massive post-AGB star can explain the evolution of the central star. Such a star does not expand significantly as the result of the LTP and does not became a born-again red giant. However, the released energy can remove the tiny H envelope of the star.
Extinction in the 11.2 µm PAH band and the low L11.2/LIR in ULIRGs
Authors: Hernán-Caballero Antonio , Spoon Henrik W W , Alonso-Herrero Almudena , Hatziminaoglou Evanthia , Magdis Georgios E , Pérez-González Pablo G , Pereira-Santaella Miguel , Arribas Santiago , Cortzen Isabella , Labiano Álvaro , Piqueras Javier , Rigopoulou Dimitra 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a method for recovering the intrinsic (extinction-corrected) luminosity of the 11.2 μm PAH band in galaxy spectra. Using 105 high S/N Spitzer/IRS spectra of star-forming galaxies, we show that the equivalent width ratio of the 12.7 and 11.2 μm PAH bands is independent on the optical depth (τ), with small dispersion (∼5 per cent) indicative of a nearly constant intrinsic flux ratio Rint = (f12.7/f11.2)int = 0.377 ± 0.020. Conversely, the observed flux ratio, Robs = (f12.7/f11.2)obs, strongly correlates with the silicate strength (Ssil) confirming that differences in Robs reflect variation in τ. The relation between Robs and Ssil reproduces predictions for the Galactic Centre extinction law but disagrees with other laws. We calibrate the total extinction affecting the 11.2 μm PAH from Robs, which we apply to another sample of 215 galaxies with accurate measurements of the total infrared luminosity (LIR) to investigate the impact of extinction on L11.2/LIR. Correlation between L11.2/LIR and Robs independently on LIR suggests that increased extinction explains the well-known decrease in the average L11.2/LIR at high LIR. The extinction-corrected L11.2 is proportional to LIR in the range LIR = 109–1013 L⊙. These results consolidate L11.2 as a robust tracer of star formation in galaxies.
Structural, biochemical and functional analyses of tRNA-monooxygenase enzyme MiaE from Pseudomonas putida provide insights into tRNA/MiaE interaction
Authors: Carpentier Philippe , Leprêtre Chloé , Basset Christian , Douki Thierry , Torelli Stéphane , Duarte Victor , Hamdane Djemel , Fontecave Marc , Atta Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
MiaE (2-methylthio-N6-isopentenyl-adenosine37-tRNA monooxygenase) is a unique non-heme diiron enzyme that catalyzes the O2-dependent post-transcriptional allylic hydroxylation of a hypermodified nucleotide 2-methylthio-N6-isopentenyl-adenosine (ms2i6A37) at position 37 of selected tRNA molecules to produce 2-methylthio-N6–4-hydroxyisopentenyl-adenosine (ms2io6A37). Here, we report the in vivo activity, biochemical, spectroscopic characterization and X-ray crystal structure of MiaE from Pseudomonas putida. The investigation demonstrates that the putative pp-2188 gene encodes a MiaE enzyme. The structure shows that Pp-MiaE consists of a catalytic diiron(III) domain with a four alpha-helix bundle fold. A docking model of Pp-MiaE in complex with tRNA, combined with site directed mutagenesis and in vivo activity shed light on the importance of an additional linker region for substrate tRNA recognition. Finally, krypton-pressurized Pp-MiaE experiments, revealed the presence of defined O2 site along a conserved hydrophobic tunnel leading to the diiron active center.
Visualization of the Thebesian veins during coronary angiography in a 57-year-old woman
Authors: Scoglio Martin , Cook Stéphane 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A 57-year-old woman was hospitalized due to a type 2 respiratory failure. Electrocardiogram at admission showed inverted T waves in leads V2–V4. Coronary angiogram was performed showing no relevant stenosis. However, this exam allowed visualization of the Thebesian veins outlining the left ventricle.
Rapid and efficient mass collection by a supersonic cloud–cloud collision as a major mechanism of high-mass star formation
Authors: Fukui Yasuo , Inoue Tsuyoshi , Hayakawa Takahiro , Torii Kazufumi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA supersonic cloud–cloud collision produces a shock-compressed layer which leads to formation of high-mass stars via gravitational instability. We carried out a detailed analysis of the layer by using the numerical simulations of magneto-hydrodynamics which deal with colliding molecular flows at a relative velocity of 20 km s−1 (Inoue & Fukui 2013, ApJ, 774, L31). Maximum density in the layer increases from 1000 cm−3 to more than 105 cm−3 within 0.3 Myr by compression, and the turbulence and the magnetic field in the layer are amplified by a factor of ∼5, increasing the mass accretion rate by two orders of magnitude to more than 10−4 $ M_{\odot } $ yr−1. The layer becomes highly filamentary due to gas flows along the magnetic field lines, and dense cores are formed in the filaments. The massive dense cores have size and mass of 0.03–0.08 pc and 8–$ 50\, M_{\odot } $ and they are usually gravitationally unstable. The mass function of the dense cores is significantly top-heavy as compared with the universal initial mass function, indicating that the cloud–cloud collision preferentially triggers the formation of O and early B stars. We argue that the cloud–cloud collision is a versatile mechanism which creates a variety of stellar clusters from a single O star like RCW 120 and M 20 to tens of O stars of a super star cluster like RCW 38 and a mini-starburst W 43. The core mass function predicted by the present model is consistent with the massive dense cores obtained by recent ALMA observations in RCW 38 (Torii et al. 2021, PASJ, in press) and W 43 (Motte et al. 2018, Nature Astron., 2, 478). Considering the increasing evidence for collision-triggered high-mass star formation, we argue that cloud–cloud collision is a major mechanism of high-mass star formation.
Structuralism and Mathematical Practice in Felix Klein’s Work on Non-Euclidean Geometry†
Authors: Biagioli Francesca 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is well known that Felix Klein took a decisive step in investigating the invariants of transformation groups. However, less attention has been given to Klein’s considerations on the epistemological implications of his work on geometry. This paper proposes an interpretation of Klein’s view as a form of mathematical structuralism, according to which the study of mathematical structures provides the basis for a better understanding of how mathematical research and practice develop.
Improving Medical Students’ OSCE Performance in Telehealth: The Effects of a Telephone Medicine Curriculum
Authors: Hindman Daniel J. , Kochis Suzanne R. , Apfel Ariella , Prudent Joshua , Kumra Tina , Golden W. Christopher , Jung Julianna , Pahwa Amit K. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
To report on the implementation of a telephone medicine curriculum as part of the core clerkship in pediatrics for students at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and evaluate the curriculum’s effect on student performance on a telephone medicine case as part of a required objective structured clinical exam (OSCE).

Method
Using a prospective cohort design with a convenience sample of third-year medical students during the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 academic years, the authors compared the OSCE scores of students assigned to the curriculum with both historical and concurrent control groups of students who had not received the curriculum. Additionally, the authors compared the costs of the recommended testing by students in each group using the 2018 Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services Clinical Laboratory Fee Schedule.

Results
Students assigned to the telephone medicine curriculum (students in the intervention group) had a significantly higher mean overall score on the simulated OSCE telephone medicine case compared with the students in the control groups who did not receive the curriculum (the mean score for students in the intervention group was 7.38 vs 6.92 for students in the control groups, P = .02). Additionally, the intervention group had statistically significantly lower costs for their recommended testing compared with the control groups (the median value for tests ordered by students in the intervention group was $27.91 vs $51.23 for students in the control groups, P = .03).

Conclusions
Implementing a dedicated telephone medicine curriculum for medical students improves their overall performance and delivery of high-value care via telephone medicine as part of an OSCE. Medical educators should pursue ongoing research into effective methods for teaching medical students and residents how to navigate digital encounters.
Death-associated Protein Kinase 1 Mediates Ventilator-induced Lung Injury in Mice by Promoting Alveolar Epithelial Cell Apoptosis
Authors: Wang Yaxin , Yang Yiyi , Chen Lin , Xiong Wei , Song Limin , Li Bo , Zhou Ting , Pei Lei , Yuan Shiying , Yao Shanglong , Shang You 
Published: July 2020

Background
Alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis is implicated in the onset of ventilator-induced lung injury. Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) is associated with cell apoptosis. The hypothesis was that DAPK1 participates in ventilator-induced lung injury through promoting alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis.

Methods
Apoptosis of mouse alveolar epithelial cell was induced by cyclic stretch. DAPK1 expression was altered (knockdown or overexpressed) in vitro by using a small interfering RNA or a plasmid, respectively. C57/BL6 male mice (n = 6) received high tidal volume ventilation to establish a lung injury model. Adeno-associated virus transfection of short hairpin RNA and DAPK1 inhibitor repressed DAPK1 expression and activation in lungs, respectively. The primary outcomes were alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis and lung injury.

Results
Compared with the control group, the 24-h cyclic stretch group showed significantly higher alveolar epithelial cell apoptotic percentage (45 ± 4% fold vs. 6 ± 1% fold; P < 0.0001) and relative DAPK1 expression, and this group also demonstrated a reduced apoptotic percentage after DAPK1 knockdown (27 ± 5% fold vs. 53 ± 8% fold; P < 0.0001). A promoted apoptotic percentage in DAPK1 overexpression was observed without stretching (49 ± 6% fold vs. 14 ± 3% fold; P < 0.0001). Alterations in B-cell lymphoma 2 and B-cell lymphoma 2–associated X are associated with DAPK1 expression. The mice subjected to high tidal volume had higher DAPK1 expression and alveolar epithelial cell apoptotic percentage in lungs compared with the low tidal volume group (43 ± 6% fold vs. 4 ± 2% fold; P < 0.0001). Inhibition of DAPK1 through adeno-associated virus infection or DAPK1 inhibitor treatment appeared to be protective against lung injury with reduced lung injury score, resolved pulmonary inflammation, and repressed alveolar epithelial cell apoptotic percentage (47 ± 4% fold and 48 ± 6% fold; 35 ± 5% fold and 34 ± 4% fold; P < 0.0001, respectively).

Conclusions
DAPK1 promotes the onset of ventilator-induced lung injury by triggering alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis through intrinsic apoptosis pathway in mice.

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Peripheral Auditory Involvement in Childhood Listening Difficulty
Authors: Hunter Lisa L. , Blankenship Chelsea M. , Lin Li , Sloat Nicholette T. , Perdew Audrey , Stewart Hannah , Moore David R. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
This study tested the hypothesis that undetected peripheral hearing impairment occurs in children with idiopathic listening difficulties (LiDs), as reported by caregivers using the Evaluation of Children”s Listening and Processing Skills (ECLiPS) validated questionnaire, compared with children with typically developed (TD) listening abilities.

Design:
Children with LiD aged 6–14 years old (n = 60, mean age = 9.9 yr) and 54 typical age matched children were recruited from audiology clinical records and from IRB-approved advertisements at hospital locations and in the local and regional areas. Both groups completed standard and extended high-frequency (EHF) pure-tone audiometry, wideband absorbance tympanometry and middle ear muscle reflexes, distortion product and chirp transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. Univariate and multivariate mixed models and multiple regression analysis were used to examine group differences and continuous performance, as well as the influence of demographic factors and pressure equalization (PE) tube history.

Results:
There were no significant group differences between the LiD and TD groups for any of the auditory measures tested. However, analyses across all children showed that EHF hearing thresholds, wideband tympanometry, contralateral middle ear muscle reflexes, distortion product, and transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions were related to a history of PE tube surgery. The physiologic measures were also associated with EHF hearing loss, secondary to PE tube history.

Conclusions:
Overall, the results of this study in a sample of children with validated LiD compared with a TD group matched for age and sex showed no significant differences in peripheral function using highly sensitive auditory measures. Histories of PE tube surgery were significantly related to EHF hearing and to a range of physiologic measures in the combined sample.