bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow and Sediment Flux Asymmetry in a Branching Channel Delta
Authors: Wagner W. , Mohrig D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRiver deltas form complex branching patterns that distribute sediment to the coastal sea. The routing and storage of this sediment in deltas are poorly understood. We present results of a 1‐month study of the sediment and water transport through two branches of the Wax Lake Delta on the coast of Louisiana. The two channels maintained near‐equal total partitioning of flow and sediment discharge. East Pass was narrower and had higher tidally averaged velocities, lower tidal velocity fluctuations, more sediment flux, and less alluvial bed cover than Main Pass. We connected these differences to small differences in the geometry of the channels and feedbacks between these differences. East Pass was slightly shorter than Main Pass, leading to a steeper mean free surface profile, yielding higher subtidal currents and advective sediment fluxes. Main Pass received the tides from Atchafalaya Bay earlier than East Pass, allowing tides to reach their junction earlier from Main Pass. This led to Main Pass capturing tidal prism from East Pass and higher tidal velocity fluctuations in Main Pass. These fluctuations caused larger flow convergences in Main Pass, pumping sediment out of East Pass on tidal timescales. Since East Pass had higher mean velocities and lower tidal fluctuations, it spent less time in flow regimes that would allow the formation of alluvial bed cover. By explaining these asymmetries with physical arguments, we showed how geometric differences drive asymmetries in branching systems. Barrier island inlets, coastal lagoons, and other systems may display similar behavior.
Chronic opioid pretreatment potentiates the sensitization of fear learning by trauma
Authors: Pennington Zachary T. , Trott Jeremy M. , Rajbhandari Abha K. , Li Kevin , Walwyn Wendy M. , Evans Christopher J. , Fanselow Michael S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite the large comorbidity between PTSD and opioid use disorders, as well as the common treatment of physical injuries resulting from trauma with opioids, the ability of opioid treatments to subsequently modify PTSD-related behavior has not been well studied. Using the stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL) model for PTSD, we characterized the impact of chronic opioid regimens on the sensitization of fear learning seen following traumatic stress in mice. We demonstrate for the first time that chronic opioid pretreatment is able to robustly augment associative fear learning. Highlighting aversive learning as the cognitive process mediating this behavioral outcome, these changes were observed after a considerable period of drug cessation, generalized to learning about multiple aversive stimuli, were not due to changes in stimulus sensitivity or basal anxiety, and correlated with a marker of synaptic plasticity within the basolateral amygdala. Additionally, these changes were not observed when opioids were given after the traumatic event. Moreover, we found that neither reducing the frequency of opioid administration nor bidirectional manipulation of acute withdrawal impacted the subsequent enhancement in fear learning seen. Given the fundamental role of associative fear learning in the generation and progression of PTSD, these findings are of direct translational relevance to the comorbidity between opioid dependence and PTSD, and they are also pertinent to the use of opioids for treating pain resulting from traumas involving physical injuries.
Nuclear receptor HNF4α performs a tumor suppressor function in prostate cancer via its induction of p21-driven cellular senescence
Authors: Wang Zhu , Li Youjia , Wu Dinglan , Yu Shan , Wang Yuliang , Leung Chan Franky 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α, NR2A1) is a highly conserved member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Recent advances reveal that it is a key transcriptional regulator of genes, broadly involved in xenobiotic and drug metabolism and also cancers of gastrointestinal tract. However, the exact functional roles of HNF4α in prostate cancer progression are still not fully understood. In this study, we determined the functional significance of HNF4α in prostate cancer. Our results showed that HNF4α exhibited a reduced expression pattern in clinical prostate cancer tissues, prostate cancer cell lines and xenograft model of castration-relapse prostate cancer. Stable HNF4α knockdown not only could promote cell proliferation and suppress doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cellular senescence in prostate cancer cells, but also confer resistance to paclitaxel treatment and enhance colony formation capacity and in vivo tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells. On the contrary, ectopic overexpression of HNF4α could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation of prostate cancer cells, induce cell-cycle arrest at G2/M phase and trigger the cellular senescence in prostate cancer cells by activation of p21 signal pathway in a p53-independent manner via its direct transactivation of CDKN1A. Together, our results show that HNF4α performs a tumor suppressor function in prostate cancer via a mechanism of p21-driven cellular senescence.
Randomised Phase 2 study of lapatinib and vinorelbine vs vinorelbine in patients with HER2 + metastatic breast cancer after lapatinib and trastuzumab treatment (KCSG BR11-16)
Authors: Sim Sung Hoon , Park In Hae , Jung Kyung Hae , Kim Sung-Bae , Ahn Jin-Hee , Lee Kyung-Hun , Im Seock-Ah , Im Young-Hyuck , Park Yeon Hee , Sohn Joohyuk , Kim Yu Jung , Lee Suee , Kim Hee-Jun , Chae Yee Soo , Park Kyong Hwa , Nam Byung-Ho , Lee Keun Seok , Ro Jungsil 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The continuum of anti-HER2 agents is a standard treatment of HER2 + metastatic breast cancer (MBC). This study evaluated the efficacy of lapatinib plus vinorelbine in patients progressed on both trastuzumab and lapatinib treatments.

Methods
A total of 149 patients were randomly assigned to lapatinib with vinorelbine (LV) (n = 75; lapatinib, 1000 mg daily; vinorelbine 20 mg/m2 D1, D8 q3w) or vinorelbine (V) (n = 74; 30 mg/m2 D1, D8 q3w). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 18 weeks.

Results
The median number of previous anti-HER2 therapies was 2 (range 2–5). There was no significant difference in PFS rate at 18 weeks between LV and V arms (45.9% vs 38.9%, p = 0.40). ORR was 19.7% in LV arm, and 16.9% in V arm (p = 0.88). PFS and OS did not differ between two arms (LV vs V; median PFS, 16 vs 12 weeks, HR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.61–1.22; median OS, 15.0 vs 18.9 months, HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.72–1.58). Toxicity profiles were similar in both arms and all were manageable.

Conclusions
Lapatinib plus vinorelbine treatment was tolerable; however, it failed to demonstrate the clinical benefits over vinorelbine alone in patients with HER2 + MBC after progression on both trastuzumab and lapatinib.

Clinical trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT01730677.
A functional genetic screen identifies the Mediator complex as essential for SSX2-induced senescence
Authors: Brückmann Nadine H. , Bennedsen Sofie N. , Duijf Pascal H. G. , Terp Mikkel G. , Thomassen Mads , Larsen Martin , Pedersen Christina B. , Kruse Torben , Alcaraz Nicolas , Ditzel Henrik J. , Gjerstorff Morten F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe senescence response to oncogenes is believed to be a barrier to oncogenic transformation in premalignant lesions, and describing the mechanisms by which tumor cells evade this response is important for early diagnosis and treatment. The male germ cell-associated protein SSX2 is ectopically expressed in many types of cancer and is functionally involved in regulating chromatin structure and supporting cell proliferation. Similar to many well-characterized oncogenes, SSX2 has the ability to induce senescence in cells. In this study, we performed a functional genetic screen to identify proteins implicated in SSX2-induced senescence and identified several subunits of the Mediator complex, which is central in regulating RNA polymerase-mediated transcription. Further experiments showed that reduced levels of MED1, MED4, and MED14 perturbed the development of senescence in SSX2-expressing cells. In contrast, knockdown of MED1 did not prevent development of B-Raf- and Epirubicin-induced senescence, suggesting that Mediator may be specifically linked to the cellular functions of SSX2 that may lead to development of senescence or be central in a SSX2-specific senescence response. Indeed, immunostaining of melanoma tumors, which often express SSX proteins, exhibited altered levels of MED1 compared to benign nevi. Similarly, RNA-seq analysis suggested that MED1, MED4, and MED14 were downregulated in some tumors, while upregulated in others. In conclusion, our study reveals the Mediator complex as essential for SSX2-induced senescence and suggests that changes in Mediator activity could be instrumental for tumorigenesis.
Ten-year clinical outcomes in N0 ER+ breast cancer patients with Recurrence Score-guided therapy
Authors: Stemmer Salomon M. , Steiner Mariana , Rizel Shulamith , Ben-Baruch Noa , Uziely Beatrice , Jakubowski Debbie M. , Baron Julie , Shak Steven , Soussan-Gutman Lior , Bareket-Samish Avital , Fried Georgeta , Rosengarten Ora , Itay Amit , Nisenbaum Bella , Katz Daniela , Leviov Michelle , Tokar Margarita , Liebermann Nicky , Geffen David B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe 21-gene Recurrence Score (RS) assay is a validated prognosticator/predictor of chemotherapy (CT) benefit in early-stage estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer (BC). Long-term data from real-life clinical practice where treatment was guided by the RS result are lacking. We performed exploratory analysis of the Clalit Health Services (CHS) registry, which included all CHS patients with node-negative ER+ HER2-negative BC who underwent RS testing between 1/2006 and 12/2009 to determine 10-year Kaplan–Meier estimates for distant recurrence/BC-specific mortality (BCSM) in this cohort. The analysis included 1365 patients. Distribution of RS results: RS 0–10, 17.8%; RS 11–25, 62.5%; RS 26–100, 19.7%. Corresponding CT use: 0, 9.4, and 69.9%. Ten-year distant recurrence rates in patients with RS 0–10, 11–25, and 26–100: 2.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–6.2%), 6.1% (95% CI, 4.4–8.6%), and 13.1% (95% CI, 9.4–18.3%), respectively (P < 0.001); corresponding BCSM rates: 0.7% (95% CI 0.1–5.1%), 2.2% (95% CI, 1.3–3.7%), and 9.5% (95% CI, 6.0–14.9%) (P < 0.001). When the analysis included patients treated with endocrine therapy alone (95.5/87.5% of patients with RS 0–10/11–25), 10-year distant recurrence and BCSM rates for RS 0–10 patients were 2.7% (95% CI, 1.1–6.5%) and 0.8% (95% CI, 0.1–5.3%), respectively, and for RS 11–25 patients, 5.7% (95% CI, 3.9–8.3%) and 2.0% (95% CI, 1.1–3.7%), respectively. For RS 11–25 patients, no statistically significant differences were observed in 10-year distant recurrence/BCSM rates between CT-treated and untreated patients; however, this should be interpreted cautiously since the number of events was low and patients were not randomized. In conclusion, in node-negative ER+ HER2-negative BC patients, where treatment decisions in real-life clinical practice incorporated the RS, patients with RS 0–25 (~80% of patients, <10% CT use) had excellent outcomes at 10 years. Patients with RS 26–100 had high distant recurrence risk despite CT use and are candidates for new treatment approaches.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of 360-Degree Basic Attention
Authors: Harada Yuki , Ohyama Junji 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe spatiotemporal characteristics of basic attention are important for understanding attending behaviours in real-life situations, and they are useful for evaluating the accessibility of visual information. However, although people are encircled by their 360-degree surroundings in real life, no study has addressed the general characteristics of attention to 360-degree surroundings. Here, we conducted an experiment using virtual reality technology to examine the spatiotemporal characteristics of attention in a highly controlled basic visual context consisting of a 360-degree surrounding. We measured response times and gaze patterns during the 360-degree search task and examined the spatial distribution of attention and its temporal variations in a 360-degree environment based on the participants’ physical position. Data were collected from both younger adults and older adults to consider age-related differences. The results showed the fundamental spatiotemporal characteristics of 360-degree attention, which can be used as basic criteria to analyse the structure of exogenous effects on attention in complex 360-degree surroundings in real-life situations. For practical purposes, we created spherical criteria maps of 360-degree attention, which are useful for estimating attending behaviours to 360-degree environmental information or for evaluating visual information design in living environments, workspaces, or other real-life contexts.
Selenomethionine alleviates LPS-induced chicken myocardial inflammation by regulating the miR-128-3p-p38 MAPK axis and oxidative stress
Authors: Liu Jing , Wang Shengchen , Zhang Qiaojian , Li Xiaojing , Xu Shiwen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Selenium is closely related to the occurrence of heart disease, and an appropriate amount of selenium can alleviate inflammatory changes caused by various factors. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as a specific component of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria, is often used to construct various inflammatory models. In order to explore the effect of selenium on LPS-induced myocardial inflammation in chickens, we chose 4-month-old laying hens to be fed with a selenium-rich diet containing 0.5 g kg−1 Se, and injected LPS into the abdominal cavity at the age of 8 months to establish an inflammation model. We observed the myocardial tissue lesions by light microscopy, and detected miR-128-3p, p38MAPK, and NF-κB pathway-associated inflammatory factors and Th1/Th2 related factors by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that LPS stimulation inhibited miR-128-3p, which increased the expression of p38MAPK and NF-κB, while the expression of TNF-α, IL-1, PTGE, COX-2 and iNOS increased. Additionally, the expression of IL-4 and IL-6 increased and IFN-γ decreased, suggesting an imbalance of Th1/Th2. We also found that LPS treatment not only increased the content of H2O2 and MDA in the myocardium, but also increased the expression of HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90, while the activity of SOD, GPX and CAT and the content of GSH decreased. Interestingly, the addition of selenium can alleviate the changes in the above indicators. Finally, we concluded that selenium inhibits the occurrence of oxidative stress and ultimately alleviates myocardial inflammation induced by LPS through the miR-128-3p-p38MAPK-NF-κB pathway.
Salidroside mitigates skeletal muscle atrophy in rats with cigarette smoke-induced COPD by up-regulating myogenin and down-regulating myostatin expression
Authors: Zhang Dan , Cao Lihua , Wang Zhenshan , Feng Haoshen , Cai Xu , Xu Mingtao , Li Menglu , Yu Na , Yin Yan , Wang Wei , Kang Jian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed at investigating the therapeutic effect of Salidroside on skeletal muscle atrophy in a rat model of cigarette smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its potential mechanisms.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomized, and treated intraperitoneally (IP) with vehicle (injectable water) or a low, medium or high dose of Salidroside, followed by exposure to cigarette smoking daily for 16 weeks. A healthy control received vehicle injection and air exposure. Their lung function, body weights and gastrocnemius (GN) weights, grip strength and cross-section area (CSA) of individual muscular fibers in the GN were measured. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) in serum and GN tissues as well as myostatin and myogenin expression in GN tissues were measured.
Results: In comparison with that in the healthy control, long-term cigarette smoking induced emphysema, significantly impaired lung function, reduced body and GN weights and CSA values in rats, accompanied by significantly increased levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and MDA, but decreased levels of SOD and GSH in serum and GN tissues. Furthermore, cigarette smoking significantly up-regulated myostatin expression, but down-regulated myogenin expression in GN tissues. Salidroside treatment decreased emphysema, significantly ameliorated lung function, increased antioxidant, but reduced MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in serum and GN tissues of rats, accompanied by decreased myostain, but increased myogenin expression in GN tissues.
Conclusion: Salidroside mitigates the long-term cigarette smoking-induced emphysema and skeletal muscle atrophy in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and regulating muscle-specific transcription factor expression.
Long non-coding RNA ROR1-AS1 induces tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer by affecting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Wei , Zheng Weihong , Zhang Lei , Li Ke 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Recent studies have discovered that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in malignant tumors. In this research, lncRNA ROR1-AS1 was selected to identify how it affects the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). ROR1-AS1 expression was detected by RT-qPCR in CRC tissue samples. ROR1-AS1 expression level and patients’ overall survival time were analyzed. Functional experiments were conducted to identify the changes of biological behaviors in CRC cells after knockdown of ROR1-AS1. Moreover, we also explored the underlying mechanism. Detection of ROR1-AS1 expression level in patients’ tissues showed that ROR1-AS1 was higher in CRC tissues than that in adjacent ones. ROR1-AS1 expression was negatively associated with patients’ overall survival time. Cell growth ability was inhibited due to knockdown of ROR1-AS1 in vitro. Moreover, cell migration and invasion were repressed after ROR1-AS1 knockdown. Furthermore, due to knockdown of ROR1-AS1, the targeted proteins in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were suppressed. These results suggest that ROR1-AS1 could enhance cell metastasis and proliferation via inducing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which might offer a potential therapeutic target in CRC.
Buck–boost derived interleaved hybrid converter for residential nanogrid applications
Authors: Bagewadi Milind D. , Chobe Chinmay R. , Jagtap Prathamesh S. , Siddiquee Mahwash , Dambhare Sanjay S. 
Published: November 2019

This study proposes a novel buck–boost based interleaved hybrid converter (BIHC), which can supply both AC and DC loads simultaneously. This topology uses two buck–boost derived hybrid converters where the DC outputs of the individual converters are interleaved and the AC voltage is the differential voltage tapped between the two source (of the MOSFETs) nodes of the individual converters. This converter uses only two switches which is lower than similar converters reported in literature, hence reducing the switching losses. In BIHC, there is no possibility of shoot through and no dead time compensation is required. BIHC will find application in hybrid nanogrids supplying residential loads powered by solar photovoltaic. The principle of operation of individual converters is augmented sinusoidal pulse width modulation with AC references for individual converters phase shifted by 180°. This results in line frequency components in the inductor currents and hence the buck–boost stage inductors are relatively larger. However, reduction in number of switches offsets this increase in size. The circuit has been extensively simulated in MATLAB and an experimental prototype of 100 W is tested in the laboratory.
Modelling Drying Kinetics of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens, L.) Larvae
Authors: da Silva Pascoal , Ribeiro Nuno , Coelho Pinheiro Maria Nazaré , Costa Rui 
Published: November 2019

Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly) larvae (BSFL) have great potential as new protein source for either feed or food use due to the high content of protein and fat. BSFL may be used in different forms including dried with extended shelf life.
Mathematical models describing dehydration kinetics are useful to optimize BSFL drying conditions. A non-stationary 3D diffusion model, given by Fick's Law was used to describe the moisture depletion inside BSFL during drying. The numerical solution of PDE was obtained with COMSOL Multiphysics assuming simple boundary conditions.
Data were obtained in a drying experiment performed with fresh larvae uniformly laid on a metallic grid in a forced air oven at 80 °C. Five randomly larvae were periodically selected and removed for moisture content determination until equilibrium moisture was reached.
A qualitative good agreement between predictions and data was observed corroborating that the main physical phenomena were considered in the mathematical description. A better quantitave description is expected with the improvement of the boundary condition at larvae surface in the model and the upgrading of the three-dimensional geometry used as domain for the numerical resolution.
Ionic Transfer Reactions with Cyclohexadiene-Based Surrogates
Authors: Walker Johannes C. L. , Oestreich Martin 
Published: November 2019

A current research program in our laboratory is devoted to the development of cyclohexa-1,4-diene-based surrogates of difficult-to-handle compounds and their application in metal-free ionic transfer reactions. These investigations grew from our interest in silylium ion chemistry and consequently concentrated initially on surrogates of gaseous and explosive hydrosilanes such as Me3SiH and even monosilane (SiH4). Since then, we have expanded the concept to design surrogates of other species including H2, mineral acids (HI and HBr), and hydrocarbons (isobutane and isobutene). This Account summarizes our discoveries in this area to date, describing the challenges we faced along the way and how we combatted them.1	Introduction2	Transfer Hydrofunctionalization: Variation of the Electrofuge3	Transfer Hydrofunctionalization: Variation of the Nucleofuge4	Transfer Hydrohalogenation Using a Modified Surrogate5	Surrogate Synthesis6	Conclusion
A Case Series of Fetal Valproate Syndrome in the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Rybalko Olga Nikolaevna , Kaladze Nikolai Nikolaevich , Sukhareva Irina Alexandrovna , Khoo Ching Soong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Valproic acid or valproate is a well-recognized potent teratogen. Antenatal exposure to this drug can cause fetal valproate syndrome (FVS), which is a constellation of distinctive dysmorphic features and congenital malformations. Despite an abundance of reports and registries about this syndrome, there is lack of information from Russia, in particular, the Republic of Crimea. We herein describe two cases of FVS from our registry.
Beyond the Phenotype: A Pediatric Case Series of Seizure and EEG Characteristics in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome
Authors: Engel Sarah Grace , Bhatia Sonal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a rare genetic syndrome caused by deletion of a portion of the short arm of chromosome 4 (del 4p16.3). Aside from the many phenotypic abnormalities common in WHS, seizures are seen in the vast majority of the patients and are a potentially treatable cause of significant morbidity especially in the younger age group. Currently, however, little information is available regarding the associated seizure phenotypes, electroencephalographic (EEG) features, and seizure/epilepsy outcomes. This case series highlights the seizure phenotypes and EEG findings in three patients with WHS.