bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ground-Motion Analysis of Hydraulic-Fracturing Induced Seismicity at Close Epicentral Distance
Authors: Rodríguez-Pradilla Germán , Eaton David W. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The application of seismic hazard analysis methods developed for natural earthquakes can provide an effective framework for managing risks of induced seismicity (IS) sequences, particularly for assessment of potential risk to nearby infrastructure. Among various factors, the reliability of these methods depends on the accuracy of the ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE)—especially at close epicentral distances where ground motions are expected to be highest. In addition, potential impacts on local infrastructure can be assessed based on ground-motion-derived intensity values, which provide a basis for some traffic-light protocols that are used for managing fluid IS. GMPEs in many areas of the world, however, are poorly calibrated at close epicentral distances, because the availability of near-source seismograph stations is generally very sparse. This study investigates ground motions generated by an IS sequence, up to local magnitude (ML) 3.77 that occurred during a hydraulic-fracturing stimulation in the Duvernay shale play in central Alberta, western Canada. The sequence was monitored using a near-surface array that was located directly above the hydraulically fractured horizontal wells, providing accurate ground-motion measurements at hypocentral distances &lt;10  km. The local array consisted of a combination of geophones cemented in shallow wellbores to depth of ∼27  m, shallow buried broadband seismometers, and a strong-motion accelerometer. This configuration enabled direct measurement of near-surface seismic velocities in the top 27 m, which provided robust VS30 data used to correct observed ground motions for local site-amplification effects. Our data set extends previous analyses in this region by providing new measurements very close to the epicenters of moderate earthquakes and shows that a recently developed GMPE provides accurate near-source ground-motion estimates.
Indonesia 5G Channel Model Under Foliage Effect
Authors: Anwar Khoirul , Christy Evander , Astuti Rina Pudji 
Published: December 2019

Abstract The performance of communications is determined by the channel, therefore knowledge of channel model of a country is important. This paper proposes (i) the fifth telecommunication generation (5G) Indonesia channel model and (ii) a framework to derive the channel model of any locations in Indonesia. We consider operating frequency of 3.3 GHz with bandwidth of 40 MHz with real-field parameters of several cities in Indonesia. We also present a theoretical outage performance evaluated for the proposed Indonesia 5G channel model validated by block error rate (BLER) performances of cyclic-prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) numerology zero with 5G complex binary phase shift keying (C-BPSK) and Polar coding scheme. Sub-optimal Polar codes are used in this research, where better performances are expected in the future. We found that the Indonesia 5G channel model has 17 paths for the case of without foliage effect and has less than 15 paths for the case of with foliage effect. The results show that foliage attenuation causes performance degradations indicated by smaller number of paths and worse theoretical outage performances. The obtained outage performances from the proposed Indonesia 5G channel model in this paper are expected to be a reference for 5G implementations in Indonesia. Abstrak Kinerja sistem komunikasi ditentukan oleh kanal, sehingga pengetahuan model kanal suatu negara menjadi penting. Makalah ini mengusulkan (i) model kanal telekomunikasi generasi ke-lima (5G) Indonesia dan (ii) kerangka kerja untuk menghitung model kanal di lokasi lain di Indonesia. Model kanal dalam makalah ini diciptakan untuk bandwidth 40 MHz pada frekuensi 3,3 GHz dengan parameter riil lapangan. Makalah ini juga menampilkan teori outage performance yang diperoleh dari model kanal 5G Indonesia, kemudian memvalidasi teori outage performance tersebut menggunakan block error rate (BLER) pada cyclic-prefix orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) numerology zero dengan complex binary phase shift keying (C-BPSK) standard 5G dan Polar coding. Semua hasil numerik diperoleh dari simulasi komputer menggunakan parameter riil lapangan untuk alam Indonesia. Makalah ini menemukan bahwa kanal 5G Indonesia dapat dimodelkan power delay profile (PDP) dengan 17 path untuk kanal tanpa efek dedaunan dan kurang dari 15 path untuk kanal dengan dedaunan. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa redaman daun menyebabkan penurunan kinerja, yang ditandai dengan penurunan jumlah path dan memburuknya outage performance. Kurva outage performance yang diperoleh dari model kanal 5G Indonesia diharapkan menjadi referensi untuk implementasi sistem 5G di Indonesia dalam pengembangan 5G di Indonesia secara optimal, terutama untuk lokasi yang memiliki dedaunan lebat.
FROM PRINT TO SCREEN: METHODOLOGY, MEDIA, AND TRANSITION OF QUR’ANIC LEARNING IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rohman Muhamad Zulfar 
Published: December 2019

This article aims to discuss the shift in the methodology of Qur’anic learning in Indonesia that is influenced by media. There are four cases used to map the contestations in the traditional era: Baghdadi, Qiroati, Iqro ', and Yanbu'a. Those have the same characteristic, namely face-to-face learning which is then challenged by the new media that infiltrate the Islamic world. One of the new media described in this paper is the Qur’anCall that is initiated by the PPPA Daarul Qur’an led by the famous preacher Yusuf Mansur. This is a learning and teaching platform for the Qur'an based on a video call. The character possessed by the Qur’anCall is very different from the traditional methodology. Based on this issue, the author examines the changes in Qur’anic learning in the traditional and modern eras then elaborates the effects that have caused. The finding shows that there are degradations from various performative aspects which are inherent in the traditional methods of Qur’anic learning. Furthermore, the authority of the Qur’anic teacher who was once held by the Qur'anic experts can be in the hands of people with low qualifications.
"Somos Racistas?" Enfrentando o racismo institucional no Ministério Público de São Paulo
Authors: Nudel Radomysler Clio 
Published: December 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho foi refletir sobre o papel das instituições do sistema de justiça no enfrentamento ao racismo. Foi realizada uma etnografia do Grupo de Trabalho da Igualdade Racial Professor Joel Rufino dos Santos do Ministério Público de São Paulo, grupo criado especificamente para tratar do assunto no âmbito do MP-SP, entre setembro de 2014 e março de 2016.
O GT-Igualdade Racial priorizou capacitar seus integrantes para identificar a reprodução do racismo no funcionamento cotidiano da própria instituição. O Grupo também buscou sensibilizar seus participantes a perceberem seu papel individual na manutenção do racismo.
Além de estratégias de capacitação, a partir dessa pesquisa foi possível elencar importantes medidas de combate ao racismo nas instituições do sistema de justiça: a implementação de cotas raciais; a coleta, a análise e divulgação de dados sobre casos relacionados à população negra; e o estabelecimento de diretrizes institucionais e órgãos especializados no tema.
Este trabalho também identificou inúmeras dificuldades enfrentadas pelo Grupo, como a grande rejeição dos promotores e procuradores às cotas raciais, a estrutura institucional hierárquica, a ausência de canais de diálogo com movimentos sociais, a excessiva valorização da independência funcional, e as contradições decorrentes do desenho institucional do MP, com atribuições ao mesmo tempo de acusação penal e promoção de direitos.
Apesar dos avanços conseguidos pela atuação do GT-IR, ainda resta um longo caminho a ser percorrido para combater as diversas manifestações do racismo dentro do sistema de justiça.
AÇÃO ANTIOXIDANTE DOS ALIMENTOS
Authors: Quinta Barbosa Dafne Nayara , Maganhoto de Sousa Haylla Freiria , Castilho Clemente Rodolfo 
Published: December 2019

Nas últimas décadas, com a transição epidemiológica e elevação da renda média da população, novos padrões de consumo e estilo de vida foram adotados. A partir de então, os alimentos passaram a ser vistos, além de seguros e atrativos, importantes na prevenção de doenças crônicas e manutenção do bem-estar físico e mental. Os radicais livres são espécies reativas de oxigênio e/ou nitrogênio que podem desempenhar funções benéficas ou deletérias no organismo. Entende-se, então, a importância do estudo dos alimentos com capacidade de anular os radicais livres e controlar o estresse oxidativo. As moléculas antioxidantes possuem a capacidade de capturar os radicais livres e evitar a propagação dos efeitos deletérios. Assim, uma dieta baseada em consumo variado eregular de alimentos frescos, in natura e com grande presença de frutas e hortaliças mostra-se indispensável no combate e prevenção à diversas doenças, especialmente às doenças crônicas não-transmissíveis.
A dança popular no contexto da educação física: uma prática crítica e emancipatória, nos caminhos do Mestre Griot
Authors: Schildberg Lerrine Marie , Duarte Abdala Rachel 
Published: December 2019

A dança é uma das manifestações mais antigas presentes na humanidade; Ressalta-se também sua presença nos documentos que compõem os currículos e respaldam os educadores nos ambientes educacionais, fator determinante para a efetivação deste estudo que teve como lócus de coleta de dados oficinas escolares efetuadas por um Mestre da cultura tradicional da região do Vale do Paraíba Paulista que desenvolve nas escolas um trabalho educativo pautado na dança popular e nos pressupostos necessários para que essa ação se consolide nos ambientes formais de ensino. Espera-se com o estudo suscitar a reflexão acerca da importância do diálogo entre cultura e educação, sendo a dança um campo polissêmico de conhecimento.
PENGARUH BETON DAUR ULANG DAN BAHAN TAMBAH FLY ASH TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN DAN KUAT LENTUR BETON STRUKTURAL RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Ismail Ahmad Ghufron , Mustofa Andhi , Dwicahyani Arum , Ridlo Muhammad Mahfuzh , Sambowo Kusno Adi 
Published: December 2019

<p>Berkembangnya pembangunan menyebabkan kebutuhan material konstruksi meningkat. Daur ulang material dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif karena mengurangi pemakaian material alam. Konstruksi dengan agregat daur ulang merupakan konstruksi yang ramah lingkungan. Metode penelitian berupa eksperimen. Agregat daur ulang yang digunakan sebagai subtitusi agregat kasar berupa agregat puing-puing tiang pancang dengan mutu K-350. Persentase pengganti agregat kasar yaitu 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%. Benda uji kuat tekan adalah silinder beton. Benda uji kuat lentur beton adalah prisma. Kadar fly ash yang digunakan 10%. Penambahan kuat tekan yang optimum terjadi pada kadar limbah tiang pancang 50% dan penambahan optimum kuat lentur pada kadar tiang pancang 75%. Oleh sebab itu, material daur ulang berpotensi sebagai material yang dapat dipergunakan sebagai campuran dalam beton stuktural.</p><p> </p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>agregat daur ulang, <em>fly ash</em>, kuat tekan, kuat lentur
Quality Improvement and Patient Safety: How Leadership Can Create a Culture of Safety
Authors: Samora Julie Balch , Shea Kevin G. , Chen Antonia F. , Turner Philip , Frick Steven L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract:
Orthopaedic leaders need to create a shared vision and must establish trust, open lines of communication, and buy-in from all team members in order to establish a culture that is supportive of quality improvement. Leaders should encourage teams to follow evidence-based guidelines, reduce variation, take an active role in supply chain processes, and develop new ideas to improve quality and safety of care. With rapidly changing medical and surgical advancements, orthopaedic leaders must continually adapt in the face of evolving challenges.
Comments: Momentum for a Gas OPEC
Authors: Donnelly John 
Published: December 2019

Editor's column
For almost 2 decades, the world’s major gas producers have been trying to form an organization similar to OPEC that would offer stability to gas prices and give producers some control over security of supply and security of demand. With international spot trade of gas increasing and public pressure growing for cleaner fuels, the producers believe the time is finally right to become a major force in global energy markets.
The main obstacle to establishing such an influential producers’ group has been the lack of international spot trade that reflects current supply-demand dynamics. Unlike oil, most gas has been traded through medium- and long-term contracts for pipeline delivery, with the gas price usually linked to the price of oil. Gas producers often felt they were leaving money on the table in these deals, which hampered further gas upstream development. But that is changing with the recent growth of liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade on the spot market and the increase in gas output from North America, the Middle East, and Africa.
While all eyes were on OPEC-plus members and what they would do about oil production in the coming months, the Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) met in late November in Equatorial Guinea. Members include two of the globe’s top gas exporters, Russia and Qatar, along with 10 other members (including Iran, Libya, and Algeria) and seven “observer members” (including Norway, Iraq, Oman, and Angola). Notably absent from the group are two of the largest LNG exporters responsible for the fledgling gas spot market, the US and Australia, but GECF members control 70% of world gas reserves.
One of the group’s worries is that, after years of talk about gas being a solution for cleaner energy, momentum for renewables in the wake of heightened concern over climate change could push gas to the sidelines. The oil and gas industry sees gas not only as a bridge to the future but a mainstay of future energy supply. “This idea of natural gas as a transition fuel to renewables is strange,” Total Chief Executive Patrick Pouyanne said recently at an industry gas conference in Washington. “Natural gas is a solution (to climate change). It’s been scientifically proven.” And Qatar Minister of State for Energy Affairs Saad al-Kaabi told GECF members, “We all have the same objective: to place natural gas at the heart of the energy industry as a fuel of the future, and to affirm our true belief that natural gas is a cornerstone in the energy transition.”
BP CEO Bob Dudley said recently that he was “concerned that gas is being increasing marginalized, even vilified and demonized” by environmental groups. But for the industry to sell gas as a “green” fuel, it will need to overcome two obstacles: methane leaks/emissions and flaring. Three of the world’s largest flaring culprits are associated with the GECF—Russia, Iran, and Iraq—and flaring from the Permian Basin in the US is on the rise. In response to these concerns, Qatar—which has ambitious gas growth goals—is touting its plans to adopt more carbon and sequestration projects.
SPE Technical Directors’ Outlook Tearing Down the Walls Among Disciplines
Authors: Zborowski Matt 
Published: December 2019

The positive feelings experienced by those in the upstream oil and gas industry during 2018 faded into a familiar uneasiness in 2019.
Commodity prices declined last year and share prices continued their half-decade-long fall in yet another reminder of the uncertainty that comes with working in the industry. While the previous 2 years were seen as a recovery from a generational oil-price downturn, last year marked a wholesale shift in how operators approach the business. A movement toward financial discipline over growth has impacted work all the way down the supply chain and affected every aspect of the upstream space, particularly in North America.
The goal for the industry is to ensure more stability in the business and operations amid the typical fluctuations in commodity prices. This will come with better efficiencies and lower costs, which will be accelerated by the application of new technologies and work flows. It will also come against the backdrop of a drive toward sustainability, with the industry working to eliminate its environmental impact to ensure its long-term survival.
To meet these challenges in the coming years, it is unanimous among SPE technical directors—each of whom has their own unique perspective forged from decades of work experience in their discipline—that the traditionally fragmented industry must become more integrated and collaborative. A primary solution to breaking down those barriers: the continued evolution and adoption of digital technologies.
Here, the six directors share their outlooks for the next several years for the disciplines they lead: Data Science and Engineering Analytics (formerly Management and Information); Drilling; Completions; Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability; Production and Facilities; and Reservoir.
Heavy Oil Innovation Haunted by Low Oil Prices and Bad Memories
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen 
Published: December 2019

Oil production from heavy oil wells in western Canada jumped after One of those wells is owned by Canadian Natural Resources (CNRL), which reported that production rose 50% (SPE 196187). The gains “have proven the economics of continuing the operation of the downhole electric heat and CNRL will be applying to continue the enhanced oil recovery process,” according to a report to the Alberta Energy Regulator.
Still, those heating cables made by Salamander Solutions are a tough sell.
It is up against depressed heavy oil prices, the high cost of electricity in some locations, and long memories of heating cables that failed.
“I talked to an operator who told me the reservoir performance when the heater lasted was great, but he would never do it again,” said John Karanikas, the chief technology officer for Salamander, who said that none of its cables has gone out in a customer’s well.
Older cables required multiple splices to connect 100–200 m sections. If one of those weak points failed, the rest of the line went out like a string of lights after a single bulb fails, said Scott Penny, general manager for Petrospec Engineering, a partner in the business that installs the heating cables.
Salamander’s cables can heat a well more than 7,000 ft long without a splice, Karanikas said. The company is working on planning some complicated installations where a splice is required. The company has put a lot of work into more durable ways of connecting cables, which it has patented.
Heating cable technology was developed by Shell, which needed electric cables capable of heating rock to 650°F—which required an electric cable that could heat to 1200°F. In comparison, heavy oil is easy. It only needs to reach 300°F. (Oil shale is kerogen-rich rock where extreme heat can extract a lot of oil, which is different that oil in shale, which is in ultratight rock that is released using fracturing.)
Shell tested the cables by running them at even higher temperatures, jolting them with extreme power surges, and simulating years of hard use, Karanikas said. The cable passed those tests and worked in the field, but Shell dropped oil shale in favor of more conventional oil and gas options. Salamander was created to market the heating cable technology, with a staff made up of many veterans of the development process.
Tough Customers
Both tests in the recent paper were in older wells in a heavy oil field. The many wells like those, which are still on primary production, could offer a large market for electric heating.
The Salamander heater cable in the CNRL well was installed by Shell, which sold the field to the Canadian company. Shell was looking for a heating alternative to steam that did not require costly casing upgrades to handle steam heat, said Carl Stretch, a Shell engineer who worked on the project.
Technology Focus: EOR Modeling (January 2020)
Authors: Gupta Subodh 
Published: December 2019

Technology Focus
The bulk of the literature on enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from the past year has been devoted to an improved understanding of trends started more than a decade ago with physical and numerical modeling. A quick review of the basics will be helpful for putting these developments in perspective. The concept of displacement in an EOR method requires bringing the mobility ratio of displacing fluid to that of displaced oil under unity [Kw µ o / Ko µw less than 1; Ko, Kw being relative permeabilities of displaced oil and displacing fluid (e.g., water), respectively, and µ o, µw being their respective viscosities], and increasing sweep efficiency (Es) of the displacement process. Various established EOR methods try to accomplish this in different ways, depending on the formation and oil types, aiming to keep costs and environmental impact down while obtaining high and quick recovery.
Thus, polymers or foams have been used traditionally to increase viscosity of displacing fluids (µw). To reduce Kw/Ko, surfactant; alkaline; microbes, which create in-situ surfactants; or low-salinity water, which changes wettability to water, were used. Steam or hot water have also been used to reduce both Kw and µo. Miscible gas or solvent displacements were used to attack µo. Quite frequently, a combination of these mechanisms has been applied, alkaline/surfactant/ polymer being a good example. Similarly, to address improvement in sweep, blocking agents such as polymers, microgels, or microbes, or a combination of a couple of these mechanisms, have been applied. While the underlying mechanisms remain the same, major developments in EOR in recent years center on the use of engineered water or nanoparticles to reduce Kw, on the experimental development of chemicals that are less susceptible to high-temperature and high-salinity environments, or on the use of novel computational techniques and machine learning to design and monitor the flood operations better. The literature of the last year is an important reflection of that evolution, as the selected papers reflect.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 195553 Investigation of Pore-Scale Mechanisms of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Microfluidics by Calvin Gaol, Clausthal University of Technology, et al.
SPE 192110 Polymers and Their Limits in Temperature, Salinity, and Hardness: Theory and Practice by Eric Delamaide, IFP Technologies Canada, et al.
SPE 192651 Performance Evaluation and Field Trial of Self-Adaptive Microgel Flooding Technology by Zhe Sun, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, et al.