bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thoughts about Artifact Badging
Authors: Zilberman Noa , Moore Andrew W. 
Published: May 2020

Reproducibility: the extent to which consistent results are obtained when an experiment is repeated, is important as a means to validate experimental results, promote integrity of research, and accelerate follow up work. Commitment to artifact reviewing and badging seeks to promote reproducibility and rank the quality of submitted artifacts.
However, as illustrated in this issue, the current badging scheme, with its focus upon an artifact being reusable, may not identify limitations of architecture, implementation, or evaluation.
We propose that to improve the insight into artifact reproducibility, the depth and nature of artifact evaluation must move beyond simply considering if an artifact is reusable. Artifact evaluation should consider the methods of that evaluation alongside the varying of inputs to that evaluation. To achieve this, we suggest an extension to the scope of artifact badging, and describe both approaches and best practice arising in other communities. We seek to promote conversation and make a call to action intended to strengthen the scientific method within our domain.
Efficacy of psychedelic treatments on depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis
Authors: Romeo Bruno , Karila Laurent , Martelli Catherine , Benyamina Amine 
Published: May 2020

Background: Psychedelic drugs have shown an efficacy in some psychiatric disorders and have an original mechanism of action with a 5-HT2A agonism. Aim: The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess by a quantitative analysis the putative efficacy of psychedelic drugs on depressive symptoms and to investigate the kinetic of this efficacy. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases through April 2019, without limits on year of publication. Means and standard deviations were extracted to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD). Scores of depressive symptoms were compared with baseline scores at days 7, 14, and 21; weeks 4–5 and 6–8; and months 3 and 6. Results: Eight studies were included in this meta-analysis. A significant decrease of depressive symptoms was found from day 1 ( n = 5 studies; SMD = ‒1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): ‒2.33 to ‒0.48, p = 0.003) to 6 months ( n = 4 studies; SMD = ‒1.07, 95% CI: ‒1.44 to ‒0.7, p < 0.001) after psychedelic sessions. No serious adverse effect was reported in all included studies. A transient increase of the heart rate, blood systolic, and diastolic pressure were found after psychedelics compared with placebo. Conclusion: This meta-analysis shows that psychedelic treatments were safe and could contribute to a rapid improvement of depressive symptoms.
Pharmacological treatment of acute-phase anorexia nervosa: Evidence from randomized controlled trials
Authors: Cassioli Emanuele , Sensi Carolina , Mannucci Edoardo , Ricca Valdo , Rotella Francesco 
Published: May 2020

Background: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is the psychiatric disorder with the highest mortality rate, with a standard mortality ratio of 5.86. Despite the large use of psychotropic drugs in the clinical setting, Food and Drug Administration has not approved any psychoactive treatment for AN. Aims: The aim of this study was to perform an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating psychopharmacological treatment in acute-phase AN. Methods: The present paper follows the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. An extensive literature search was performed. All RCTs enrolling patients with acute-phase AN, comparing at least one psychotropic drug with another drug, placebo, treatment-as-usual or no treatment were included. The main outcome was the effect of psychoactive drugs on body mass index (BMI); data on psychopathological outcomes were also collected when available. Results: A total of 19 RCTs met all specified criteria. Of these, 11 were excluded from quantitative analyses. Of the eight studies included in the meta-analyses, five reported data on BMI, showing no significant difference between olanzapine and placebo for weight recovery. No significant result was found for AN psychopathology, depressive and anxious symptoms for any of the molecules studied. Conclusions: RCTs published in this field display methodological biases, low sample sizes and short follow-up periods. Further research efforts are needed in this field as no evidence has been demonstrated for the use of any psychotropic drug in acute-phase AN neither for weight recovery, nor for comorbid psychiatric symptoms.
Infectious and inflammatory disorders might increase the risk of developing idiopathic intracranial hypertension – a national case-control study
Authors: Sundholm Anna , Burkill Sarah , Waldenlind Elisabet , Bahmanyar Shahram , Nilsson Remahl A Ingela M 
Published: May 2020

Objective To investigate whether conditions causing inflammatory activation are associated with increased risk of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Methods All newly diagnosed idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients (cases) in Sweden between 2000–2016 were identified using pre-determined algorithms (n = 902) and matched with five controls from the general population and five individuals with an obesity diagnosis (n = 4510) for age, sex, region, and vital status. National health registers provided information on infections, inflammatory disorders and dispensed medications. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results Compared to general population controls, the cases had fourfold increased odds of having an infection (odds ratio = 4.3, 95% confidence interval 3.3–5.6), and threefold increased odds of an inflammatory disorder the year prior to idiopathic intracranial hypertension diagnosis (odds ratio = 3.2, 95% confidence interval 2.4–4.3). Organ specific analyses showed that odds were increased for the study diseases in the respiratory organ, kidney organ and gastrointestinal tract, but not for female genital infections. Similar results were found when comparing idiopathic intracranial hypertension with obese controls though the odds ratios were of lower magnitude. Sub-analyses on exposure to anti-infectious and anti-inflammatory drugs confirmed the increased odds ratios for idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients. Conclusions These findings suggest that major inflammatory activation may be a risk factor in idiopathic intracranial hypertension development.
Physician thoughts on unnecessary noninvasive imaging and decision support software: A qualitative study
Authors: Winchester David E , Freytes Ivette M. , Schmitzberger Magda , Findley Kimberly , Beyth Rebecca J 
Published: May 2020

Objective Gather information from physicians about factors contributing to unnecessary noninvasive imaging and impact of possible solutions. Methods Qualitative study of 14 physicians using a phenomenological approach and the Theoretical Domains Framework. Results Most participants ( n = 9) self-reported that >10% of the imaging tests they order are unnecessary. External sources of pressure included: peer-review, patient demands, nursing expectations, specialist requests (social demands), as well as prior experience with patient advocates, and the compensation and pension system (environmental context). Internal sources of pressure included reliance on anecdote (emotion), self-doubt about diagnoses (beliefs about capabilities), and fear of missing a diagnosis and of professional liability (beliefs about consequences). Participants expressed both optimism and concern about potential solutions, such as adopting decision support software. Conclusion Physicians are under pressure from multiple sources to order unnecessary imaging. Peer review, nursing expectations, and perceptions about Veteran compensation and pension are newly reported contributing factors.
Ribophorin II is upregulated in myelodysplastic syndromes and prevents apoptosis and cell cycle progression
Authors: Ren Jinhai , Wang Ying , Wang Lihua , Guo Xiaoling , Guo Xiaonan 
Published: May 2020

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) are a series of heterogeneous diseases affecting hematopoietic stem cells that result in hematopoiesis disturbance and leukemic transformation. As an essential cell cycle regulator, ribophorin II (RPN2) has been extensively identified as a prospective predictor of prognosis in diverse malignant tumors. However, its effects on MDS are unclear. We observed increased mRNA expression RPN2 in samples from MDS patients, compared with samples from normal healthy controls. RPN2 overexpression promoted the proliferation of Ontario Cancer Institute OCI-acute myeloid leukemia 3 (OCI-AML3) cells, whereas RPN2 silencing clearly suppressed the proliferation of OCI-AML3 cells. Furthermore, RPN2 silencing caused G1/S cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. In addition, RPN2 overexpression led to a higher proportion of cells in the G2/M phase and reduced cell apoptosis. RPN2 overexpression downregulated enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2) expression, whereas RPN2 downregulation increased EZH2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Co-immunoprecipitation showed an interaction between RPN2 and EZH2. Additionally, the administration of 3-deazaneplanocin A, an EZH2 inhibitor, reversed the function of RPN2 silencing in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction in OCI-AML3 cells. Hence, RPN2 is an essential regulator of cell proliferation. This study described the etiology of OCI-AML3 cell proliferation regulated by RPN2 and EZH2. Impact statement This study explored the role of ribophorin II (RPN2) in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) cell proliferation and growth and revealed that RPN2 knockdown suppressed OCI-AML3 cell growth and proliferation and triggered cell cycle arrest and elicited apoptosis in OCI-AML3 cells. In addition, it shed light on the etiology of RPN2’s role in MDS cell proliferation that RPN2 can negatively impact enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2) expression, which in turn is able to modulate the cell cycle location and death in OCI-AML3 cells. Hence, RPN2 expression could be a latent predictor of prognosis in patients with MDS.
Validation of the Kidney Failure Risk Equation in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Tangri Navdeep , Ferguson Thomas W. , Wiebe Chris , Eng Frederick , Nash Michelle , Astor Brad C. , Lam Ngan N. , Ye Feng , Shin Jung-Im , Whitlock Reid , Yuen Darren A. 
Published: May 2020

Background: Predicting allograft failure in kidney transplant recipients can help plan renal replacement therapy and guide patient-provider communication. The kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) accurately predicts the need for dialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but has not been validated in kidney transplant recipients. Objective: We sought to validate the 4-variable KFRE (age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio [ACR]) for prediction of 2- and 5-year death-censored allograft failure. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Four independent North American Cohorts from Ontario, Canada; Alberta, Canada; Manitoba, Canada; and Wisconsin, United States, between January 1999 and December 2017. Patients: Adult kidney transplant patients at 1-year posttransplantation. Measurements: Kidney failure risk as measured by the KFRE (eGFR, urine ACR, age, and sex). Methods: We included all adult patients who had at least 1 serum creatinine and at least 1 urine ACR measurement approximately 1 year following kidney transplantation. The performance of the KFRE was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (C-statistic). C-statistics from the 4 cohorts were meta-analyzed using random-effects models. Results: A total of 3659 patients were included. Pooled C-statistics were good in the entire population, at 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.72-0.91) for the 2-year KFRE and 0.73 (0.67-0.80) for the 5-year KFRE. Discrimination improved among patients with poorer kidney function (eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2), with a C-statistic of 0.88 (0.78-0.98) for the 2-year KFRE and 0.83 (0.74-0.91) for the 5-year KFRE. Limitations: The KFRE does not predict episodes of acute rejection and there was heterogeneity between cohorts. Conclusions: The KFRE accurately predicts kidney failure in kidney transplant recipients at 1-year posttransplantation. Further validation in larger cohorts with longer follow-up times can strengthen the case for clinical implementation.
Down-regulated miR-495 can target programmed cell death 10 in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Ni Wen-Juan , Leng Xiao-Min 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating eukaryotic gene expression. Recent studies indicated that aberrantly expressed miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Indeed, hsa-miR-495-3p (miR-495) has been reported as an anti-oncogene in different cancers. However, the role of miR-495 in AS is still unknown.

Methods
In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-495 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), whole blood, and serum of patients with AS. Bisulfite-specific PCR sequencing and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation were used to detect the methylation in the promoter region of miR-495. To determine the influence of miR-495 expression on the target gene, programmed cell death 10 (PDCD10), dual luciferase reporter assays together with an adenoviral vector containing the miR-495 locus were used. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the efficacy of miR-495 as a diagnostic biomarker of AS. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and western blotting were used to explore the potential role of miR-495 in AS pathogenesis and the mechanism by which it facilitates AS pathogenesis.

Results
miR-495 is down-regulated and the promoter region of miR-495 is highly methylated in AS. The expression of miR-495 is negatively associated with PDCD10 expression in both patients with AS and healthy controls. Further experiments showed that PDCD10 can be targeted by miR-495. The ROC curves of miR-495 suggested that it is a very specific and sensitive biomarker for AS diagnosis. Bioinformatics analysis and signal pathway studies indicated that miR-495 can down-regulate β-catenin and transforming growth factor-β1.

Conclusions
Our studies indicated that down-regulation of miR-495 can be used as a potential molecular marker for the diagnosis and treatment of AS, thus providing new insights into the role of miRNAs in AS pathology.
Study on the flexural behavior of poplar beams externally strengthened by BFRP strips
Authors: Liu Qing , Ma Shengqiang , Han Xia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPoplar plants with peculiar characteristics grow extensively and naturally in the Northern Hemisphere, and such poplar is the main timber material in Xinjiang, China. However, poplar has defects that affect its ultimate bearing capacity. This study investigates the flexural behavior of the timber members from poplar. Three lengths of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) strips were used to strengthen timber beams from poplar with rectangular cross-sections. From the experimental data, the timber beams strengthened by 1900-mm-long and 50-mm-wide BFRP strips showed the best ultimate bearing capacity and maximum deflection of mid-span compared with the other two strengthened beams. The increments were 77.8% and 110.1% compared with the control beam. The assumption “plane section remains plane” remains practicable in the poplar beams bonded by BFRP strips, and the neutral axis of the strengthened beams had a tendency to move toward the tensile zone. Furthermore, the processes of the flexural behavior of the specimens were simulated by finite element analysis modeling, but all the analyzed values of ultimate bearing capacity and deflection of the beams are higher than those of the experiment. These values can roughly be used as reference for experimental results. However, accurate modeling should be developed and modified in subsequent research on timber beams from Xinjiang poplar.
Subdiagnosis, but not presence of vestibular symptoms, predicts balance impairment in migraine patients – a cross sectional study
Authors: Zorzin Letícia , Carvalho Gabriela F. , Kreitewolf Jens , Teggi Roberto , Pinheiro Carina F. , Moreira Jéssica R. , Dach Fabíola , Bevilaqua-Grossi Débora 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundVestibular symptoms and balance changes are common in patients with migraine, especially in the ones with aura and chronic migraine. However, it is not known if the balance changes are determined by the presence of vestibular symptoms or migraine subdiagnosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify if the migraine subdiagnosis and/or the presence of vestibular symptoms can predict balance dysfunction in migraineurs.MethodsThe study included 49 women diagnosed with migraine with aura, 53 without aura, 51 with chronic migraine, and 54 headache-free women. All participants answered a structured questionnaire regarding migraine features and presence of vestibular symptoms, such as dizziness/vertigo. The participants performed the Modified Sensory Organization Test on an AMTI© force plate. The data were analysed using a linear mixed-effect regression model.ResultsThe presence of vestibular symptoms did not predict postural sway, but the subdiagnosis was a significant predictor of postural sway. Migraine with aura patients exhibited more sway than migraine patients without aura when the surface was unstable. Additionally, we found high effect sizes (ES > 0.79) for postural sway differences between patients with chronic migraine or with aura compared to controls or migraine without aura, suggesting that these results are clinically relevant.ConclusionsThe subdiagnosis of migraine, instead of the presence of vestibular symptoms, can predict postural control impairments observed in migraineurs. This lends support to the notion that balance instability is related to the presence of aura and migraine chronicity, and that it should be considered even in patients without vestibular symptoms.
Bioabsorbable magnesium screw versus conventional titanium screw fixation for medial malleolar fractures
Authors: May Hasan , Alper Kati Yusuf , Gumussuyu Gurkan , Yunus Emre Tuluhan , Unal Melih , Kose Ozkan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
It is still unknown whether bioabsorbable magnesium (Mg) screws provide an advantage over titanium screws in the treatment of medial malleolar (MM) fractures. The purpose of this retrospective study is to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of MM fractures fixed with either bioabsorbable Mg screws or conventional titanium screws.

Materials and methods
A cohort of 48 patients with MM fractures who underwent compression screw fixation was retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-three patients (16 male, 7 female; mean age: 37.9 ± 17.7 years) were treated with bioabsorbable Mg screws, and 25 patients (14 male, 11 female; mean age: 45.0 ± 15.7 years) were treated with conventional titanium screw fixation. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year, with a mean time of 24.6 ± 10.5 months (12–53 months). The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scale was used to evaluate the clinical results. The Kellgren–Lawrence (KL) osteoarthritis grading was used to evaluate posttraumatic osteoarthritis on final ankle radiographs. Fracture union, rate of implant removal, and complications were recorded. Comparative analysis of two independent groups was performed using the chi-squared test and the Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results
The two groups were comparable concerning demographic and clinical characteristics. Age (p = 0.146), sex (p = 0.252), side (p = 0.190), MM fracture type (p = 0.500), associated fractures (p = 0.470), and follow-up period (p = 0.903) were similar between the groups. At final follow-up examination, AOFAS score (p = 0.191) was similar between groups. Fracture union was achieved in all cases. Grade of posttraumatic osteoarthritis, according to KL, was equally distributed in both groups (p = 0.074). No deep infection or osteomyelitis was seen. Five patients in the titanium screw group underwent implant removal, due to pain in three of them and difficulty in wearing shoes in the other two (p = 0.031). Implant removal was performed after a mean of 14.2 ± 3.1 months (12–19 months).

Conclusions
Bioabsorbable Mg and titanium screws had similar therapeutic efficacy in MM fracture fixation regarding functional and radiological outcomes. However, the rate of implant removal was higher with titanium screws. Bioabsorbable Mg screws may be a favorable fixation option since secondary implant removal procedures can be prevented.

Level of evidence
Level IV, Retrospective case series.
Targeted Gene Silencing BRAF Synergized Photothermal Effect Inhibits Hepatoma Cell Growth Using New GAL-GNR-siBRAF Nanosystem
Authors: Liu Yanling , Tan Manman , Zhang Yujuan , Huang Wei , Min Liangliang , Peng Shanshan , Yuan Keng , Qiu Li , Min Weiping 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The RAF kinase inhibitors are effective in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); therefore, inhibition of the BRAF/MEK/ERK pathway has become a new therapeutic strategy for novel HCC therapy. However, targeted specific delivery systems for tumors are still significant obstacle to clinical applications. Galactose (GAL) can target the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) that is highly expressed on liver cancer cells. In this study, we designed a novel multifunctional nanomaterial GAL-GNR-siBRAF which consists of three parts, GAL as the liver cancer-targeting moiety, golden nanorods (GNR) offering photothermal capability under near infrared light, and siRNA specifically silencing BRAF (siBRAF). The nanocarrier GAL-GNR-siBRAF showed high siRNA loading capacity and inhibited the degradation of siRNA in serum. Compared with naked gold nanorods, GAL-GNR-siBRAF possessed lower biotoxicity and higher efficacy of gene silencing. Treatment with GAL-GNR-siBRAF significantly downregulated the expression of BRAF and impaired proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer cells. Moreover, combinatorial photothermal effects and BRAF knockdown by GAL-GNR-siBRAF effectively given rise to tumor cell death. Therefore, our study developed a new type of targeted multi-functional nanomaterial GAL-GNR-siBRAF for the treatment of liver cancer, which provides ideas for the development of new clinical treatment methods.
Improved SERS Performance and Catalytic Activity of Dendritic Au/Ag Bimetallic Nanostructures Based on Ag Dendrites
Authors: Cheng Zi-Qiang , Li Zhi-Wen , Yao Rui , Xiong Kuang-Wei , Cheng Guang-Ling , Zhou Yan-Hong , Luo Xin , Liu Zhi-Min 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBimetallic nanomaterials, which exhibit a combination of the properties associated with two different metals, have enabled innovative applications in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Here, we introduce the fabrication of dendritic Au/Ag bimetallic nanostructures for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and catalytic applications. The dendritic Au/Ag bimetallic nanostructures were prepared by combining the electrochemical deposition and replacement reaction. The formation of Au nanoparticle shell on the surface of Ag dendrites greatly improves the stability of dendritic nanostructures, followed by a significant SERS enhancement. In addition, these dendritic Au/Ag bimetallic nanostructures are extremely efficient in degrading 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) compared with the initial dendritic Ag nanostructures. These experimental results indicate the great potential of the dendritic Au/Ag bimetallic nanostructures for the development of excellent SERS substrate and highly efficient catalysts.