bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUMO-specific protease 2 (SENP2) suppresses browning of white adipose tissue through C/EBPβ modulation
Authors: Lee Ji Seon , Chae Sehyun , Nan Jinyan , Koo Young Do , Lee Seung-Ah , Park Young Joo , Hwang Daehee , Han Weiping , Kim Young-Bum , Chung Sung Soo , Park Kyong Soo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSUMO-specific protease 2 (SENP2) is highly expressed in white adipose tissue (WAT) and plays an important role in the early stages of adipogenesis. To investigate the function of SENP2 in adipocytes, we generated adipocyte-specificSenp2knock-out (Senp2-aKO) mice. Compared to wild-type mice,Senp2-aKO mice had reduced adipose tissue mass and smaller multi-locular adipocytes in inguinal WAT (iWAT). Body temperatures ofSenp2-aKO mice were effectively regulated during cold exposure. Additionally,Senp2-aKO mice were resistant to high–fat–diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance and exhibited an increase in energy expenditure rates. Expression of thermogenic genes, includingUcp1, was significantly increased in iWAT (and less efficiently in epidydimal WAT [eWAT]) ofSenp2-aKO mice, suggesting that SENP2 depletion accelerates browning of WAT. Further, suppression of HOXC10 was essential for beige adipocyte formation in SENP2-deficient cells of iWAT, andHoxc10transcriptional suppression was mediated by C/EBPβ, a direct target of SENP2. Sumoylated C/EBPβ efficiently inhibitedHoxc10transcription through recruitment of the transcriptional co-repressor DAXX. Similarly,Senp2knockdown using siRNAs during adipogenesis promoted thermogenic adipocyte differentiation of precursor cells in both iWAT and eWAT, and C/EBPβ was a common mediator. Together these results suggest that SENP2 plays critical role in white adipocyte differentiation by suppressing differentiation toward thermogenic adipocytes through modulation of C/EBPβ in both iWAT and eWAT.
External shocks and output composition: evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Ojeyinka Titus Ayobami , Yinusa Dauda Olalekan 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe study investigates the impact of external shocks on output composition (consumption and investment) in Nigeria for the period 1981:Q1– 2018:Q4. Trade-weighted variables from the country's five major trading partners are constructed to capture the impact.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a block exogeneity open economy structural vector autoregressive (SVAR) analysis in studying the stated relationship.FindingsThe study reveals that external shocks significantly affect consumption and investment in Nigeria. Results from the structural impulse response function suggest that foreign output, real effective exchange rate and foreign interest rate have significant negative effects on consumption and investment. Specifically, results from error variance decomposition show that foreign inflation and real effective exchange rate shocks are major drivers of fluctuations in consumption and investment in Nigeria. Interestingly, the study finds that oil price shock accounts for minor variations in consumption and investment in Nigeria.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that consumption and investment in Nigeria are substantially and largely driven by external shocks.Practical implicationsThere is need for the monetary authority and the Nigerian government to design appropriate policies to stabilise the naira and salvage the country's exchange rate from unexpected large swings so as to reduce the vulnerability of the economy to external shocks.Originality/valuePrevious studies on external shocks have concentrated on the impact of external shocks on aggregate variables such as output and inflation, while few studies on external shocks in Nigeria capture external shocks through single-country data. This study differs from previous similar studies in Nigeria in two ways. First, the study examines the impact of external shocks on output composition such as consumption and investment. Second, the study captures the impact of external shocks on the two components of gross domestic product (GDP) by constructing trade-weighted variables from Nigeria's five major trading partners.
Distribution of CD1a‐positive cells is not different between pseudolymphomatous folliculitis and primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma
Authors: Shojiguchi Naoko , Arai Eiichi , Anan Takashi , Ansai Shin‐ichi , Tsuchida Tetsuya , Yasuda Masanori 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPseudolymphomatous folliculitis (PLF) is a subtype of cutaneous pseudolymphoma that is recognized as an independent disease. PLF is characterized by dermal lymphocytic infiltration surrounding an irregular hyperplastic pilosebaceous unit (i.e., activated pilosebaceous unit). An interstitial distribution of CD1a‐positive cells is regarded as an important feature of PLF, especially in distinguishing it from primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL), which is associated with a peripheral concentration of CD1a‐positive cells. We undertook a clinicopathological investigation of PLF, with a reassessment of CD1a immunohistochemistry. We defined diagnostic criteria for PLF based on past studies and consequently identified 79 cases. In addition, we collected 32 cases of PCMZL and performed detailed clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical investigations using antibodies to CD3, CD20, and CD1a. We found an interstitial concentration of CD1a‐positive cells in 90.2% of PLF and 34.5% of PCMZL cases. The peripheral concentration of CD1a‐positive cells was seen in 9.8% of PLF and 34.5% of PCMZL cases. In both diseases, CD1a‐positive cells appeared in T‐cell nests (88.5% in PLF and 92.9% in PCMZL) but were absent in B‐cell nests (0% in both groups). All 79 cases of PLF showed activated pilosebaceous units while 22 of the 32 PCMZL cases displayed pilosebaceous units, although none of these were activated. In summary, regarding the distribution patterns of CD1a‐positive cells as a diagnostic feature in distinguishing between PLF and PCMZL is somewhat inconclusive. To differentiate PLF and PCMZL, determining the presence or absence of activated pilosebaceous units is essential.
The changing face of genome assemblies: Guidance on achieving high‐quality reference genomes
Authors: Whibley Annabel , Kelley Joanna L. , Narum Shawn R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe quality of genome assemblies has improved rapidly in recent years due to continual advances in sequencing technology, assembly approaches, and quality control. In the field of molecular ecology, this has led to the development of exceptional quality genome assemblies that will be important long‐term resources for broader studies into ecological, conservation, evolutionary, and population genomics of naturally occurring species. Moreover, the extent to which a single reference genome represents the diversity within a species varies: pan‐genomes will become increasingly important ecological genomics resources, particularly in systems found to have considerable presence‐absence variation in their functional content. Here, we highlight advances in technology that have raised the bar for genome assembly and provide guidance on standards to achieve exceptional quality reference genomes. Key recommendations include the following: (a) Genome assemblies should include long‐read sequencing except in rare cases where it is effectively impossible to acquire adequately preserved samples needed for high molecular weight DNA standards. (b) At least one scaffolding approach should be included with genome assembly such as Hi‐C or optical mapping. (c) Genome assemblies should be carefully evaluated, this may involve utilising short read data for genome polishing, error correction, k‐mer analyses, and estimating the percent of reads that map back to an assembly. Finally, a genome assembly is most valuable if all data and methods are made publicly available and the utility of a genome for further studies is verified through examples. While these recommendations are based on current technology, we anticipate that future advances will push the field further and the molecular ecology community should continue to adopt new approaches that attain the highest quality genome assemblies.
Mitomycin C for the prevention of corneal haze in photorefractive keratectomy: a meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Chang Yu‐Min , Liang Chang‐Min , Weng Tzu‐Heng , Chien Ke‐Hung , Lee Cho‐Hao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the anti‐haze effect and visual outcome after intraoperative mitomycin C (MMC) use during photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in myopia or myopic astigmatism patients.MethodsWe searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar comprehensively to obtain studies comparing the clinical effects after PRK with and without MMC published until February 2020. Meta‐analysis of primary outcome (corneal haze rate) and secondary outcomes [predictability, efficacy, safety and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD)] were conducted. We used trial sequential analysis (TSA) in an effort to collect firm evidence supporting our conclusion.ResultsOf the included 11 randomized controlled trials, five cohort and one case–control studies, 3536 eyes (2232 and 1304 in the MMC and control groups, respectively) were enrolled for meta‐analysis. The TSA disclosed strong evidence of decline in corneal haze rate in the MMC group compared with that of the control group. In the subgroup analysis of duration, MMC seemed to reduce corneal haze rate in early‐onset and late‐onset haze. Predictability of refraction and visual acuity were greater in the MMC groups, not significantly though. The proportion of patients losing at least two lines of best corrected visual acuity postoperatively in the MMC groups was lower than that in the control groups. The corneal postoperative ECD showed no significant difference between the MMC and control groups.ConclusionOur meta‐analysis revealed that MMC is an important anti‐haze agent in PRK for reducing both early‐ and late‐onset haze and can also help improving predictability of refraction and subjective postoperative visual acuity.
Surgical aortic valve replacement and infective endocarditis
Authors: Malmberg Markus , Ahtela Elina , Sipilä Jussi O. T. , Gunn Jarmo , Rautava Päivi , Kytö Ville 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe wanted to investigate the influence of native‐valve infective endocarditis (IE) on long‐term outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).MethodsNative‐valve patients with IE (n = 191) were compared to propensity score‐matched patients without IE (n = 191), all treated with SAVR, in a multicentre, population‐based cohort register study in Finland. The median follow‐up was 6.2 years.ResultsInfective endocarditis as the indication for SAVR was associated with an increased hazard of 10‐year mortality (37.1% vs 24.2%; HR 1.83; CI 1.03‐3.26; P = .039). Ischaemic stroke was also more frequent in IE patients during 10‐year follow‐up (15.8% vs 7.5%; HR 3.80; CI 1.42‐10.18; P = .008). Major bleeding within first year after SAVR was more frequent in patients with IE (7.0% vs 2.9%; P = .038). Ten‐year major bleeding rate was 32.4% in IE vs 24.5% in non‐IE groups (P = .174). Aortic valve re‐operation rate was 4.3% in IE vs 8.4% in non‐IE groups (P = .975). Admission duration after SAVR was longer in IE (median 29 vs 9 days; P < .0001). There was no difference in 30‐day mortality after SAVR.ConclusionsPatients with native‐valve IE have a higher risk of death, ischaemic stroke, and early major bleeding after SAVR than matched patients without IE. Results confirm the high risk for complications of IE patients after SAVR and highlight the importance of vigorous prevention of both stroke and bleeding after SAVR in these patients.
Trajectories of Familísmo, Respéto, Traditional Gender Attitudes, and Parenting Practices Among Mexican‐Origin Families
Authors: Chen Chia‐Feng , Robins Richard W. , Schofield Thomas J. , Russell Daniel W. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the trajectories of culturally specific predictors of parenting practices in Latinx families: familism (familísmo), respect (respéto), traditional gender role attitudes (machísmo and marianísmo), and the degree to which these parental cultural values predict changes in parenting practices.BackgroundCultural values have been suggested to predict Latinx parenting practices, but there is a paucity of direct evidence. The current study fills the gap by testing such associations using corresponding measures.MethodWe followed 549 Mexican‐origin families from when the adolescents (52% female) were in the fifth to eleventh grade. Parental authoritativeness, monitoring, and hostility were reported by multiple informants. Growth curve modeling was used.ResultsMost trajectories of these parental cultural values showed small but significant declines during offspring adolescence, particularly when adolescent use of Spanish or parent–adolescent conflict was high. Parental cultural values predicted changes in parenting practices in four of 36 models, wherein initial paternal familísmo predicted decrease in paternal authoritativeness toward daughters, initial maternal traditional gender values predicted decrease in maternal hostility toward daughters, and initial parental traditional gender values predicted decrease in parental monitoring of sons.ConclusionAlthough parental cultural values do not consistently predict changes in parenting practices, parental cultural values decrease with specific groups during specific times (i.e., during adolescence, especially in families with high parent–adolescent conflict or wherein the adolescent uses Spanish frequently).ImplicationsMore attention to measured constructs in research on Latinx families and validity of parenting is required. Research on nuanced or lower order components of acculturation is needed.
Using documentary films to teach nurses about gender and the vulnerabilities facing older men with advanced dementia
Authors: Bartlett Ruth , Jøranson Nina , Breievne Grete 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo review short documentary films about older men with advanced dementia to use in teaching, and therein address the gender imbalance in the dementia care curricula and create opportunities to learn about masculine vulnerability.BackgroundThere has been a growing recognition of the role of gender in respect of vulnerability, with emerging evidence suggesting a need to acknowledge and prioritise dementia as a global women's health issue. Whilst a focus on women is understandable—more women are affected by dementia than men—gender does not equal women. It is important for nursing students, nurses and allied health professionals to understand the vulnerabilities facing older men with dementia as well, including gay men, who may face additional challenges.DesignDiscursive paper outlining the limitations of using mainstream fiction films in dementia care education and reviewing three short documentary films about older men with advanced dementia to use in teaching.MethodsWe summarised the literature on using films in nurse education and review three short documentary films about older men with advanced dementia and their (male) caregivers in the context of international nursing standards and concept of vulnerability.ConclusionsEducation is key to understanding and improving the lived experience of dementia. Our article endorses the use of films in the classroom but highlights that mainstream fiction films about people (women) with dementia are not always appropriate for pedagogic purposes. Our review of three short documentary films on older men with advanced dementia uncovers an untapped teaching resource for care educators.Relevance to clinical practiceGiven the rising number of older men and women with advanced dementia, nurses are uniquely positioned to advocate for and mobilise support. The short documentary films reviewed in this article can engage nurses emotionally and generate discussion of ways that older men with dementia and their caregivers might be vulnerable.
Investigating how self‐esteem moderates grandiose narcissism's interpersonal orientation
Authors: Richardson Kyle , Hart William , Kinrade Charlotte 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveMost previous research has treated grandiose narcissism and self‐esteem as additive predictors of outcomes, but some theory and evidence suggests they may sometimes interact to predict outcomes. Unfortunately, the nature of this interaction is unclear; we suggest a framework to conceptualize the interaction and test it vis‐à‐vis the interpersonal circumplex framework.MethodParticipants (N = 598; Mage = 38.39; 327 females; 72.1% White) reported their levels of grandiose narcissism and self‐esteem and completed interpersonal circumplex measures of efficacies, values, problems, and sensitivities.ResultsAs self‐esteem decreased, grandiose narcissism related (a) more negatively to communal efficacies and values and (b) more positively to sensitivity to others' communal behaviors. Also as self‐esteem decreased, unexpectedly, grandiose narcissism related (a) more positively to agentic efficacies and problems and (b) more negatively to sensitivity to others' agentic behaviors.ConclusionOverall, the present findings generally support using interaction models over additive models of grandiose narcissism and self‐esteem in interpersonal contexts, suggesting that grandiose narcissism becomes generally less communal, more agentic, and more interpersonally problematic as self‐esteem decreases.
Use of premedication with intravenous immune globulin in Kawasaki disease: A retrospective review
Authors: Liu Elaine , Gonzalez Jimmy , Siu Anita 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) is a significant febrile illness in children and is the leading cause of acquired pediatric heart disease in developed countries. Its recommended treatment is high‐dose intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) plus aspirin. However, IVIG‐related adverse events are seen frequently in this population. Premedication is commonly used to reduce this risk, but evidence supporting this practice is conflicting. Ultimately, practices vary among institutions and no standard guidelines regarding IVIG premedication currently exist.MethodsElectronic medical records for pediatric patients presenting to an academic, tertiary care medical center diagnosed with KD and who received at least one dose of IVIG were reviewed for: patient demographics, treatment characteristics, premedication use, adverse events, and coronary abnormalities at discharge. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate study findings.ResultsSixty‐six patients receiving a total of 81 distinct IVIG administrations were evaluated. Most patients (64/66, 97%) were premedicated prior to infusion with 26% of patients (17/66) experiencing an IVIG‐related adverse event, totaling 25 documented adverse events. The most common events included chills and vomiting. Overall, the average duration of hospitalization was 4.37 days. Despite appropriate medication management, five patients (7.6%) developed coronary abnormalities.ConclusionPractitioners demonstrated a widespread use of premedication for IVIG. However, 26% of patients still experienced an adverse event. While premedication was not shown to have an adverse impact on patient outcomes, it also did not demonstrate a notable reduction from a historic adverse event incidence.
Patterns and correlates of preserved humoral immunity to vaccines in children following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Al‐Antary Eman , Henry Meret , Spruit Jessica , Yankelevich Maxim , Chu Roland , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Savaşan Süreyya 
Published: December 2020

AbstractData on preservation of vaccine immunity following allogeneic HSCT in children is limited. We investigated vaccine titers and sought correlations with patient characteristics in this study. Twenty‐eight cases were retrospectively analyzed. Antibody concentrations against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, 3 poliovirus serotypes, tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, and 13 pneumococcus serotypes were measured as part of planned monitoring following HSCT. Protective antibody levels were found for hepatitis A in 79% of the recipients, measles in 54%, all poliovirus serotypes in 50%, tetanus in 50%, rubella in 50%, varicella in 46%, hepatitis B in 46%, mumps in 43%, diphtheria in 29%, and ≥7/13 pneumococcus serotypes in 46%; lowest level observed for diphtheria and highest for hepatitis A prior to starting post‐HSCT immunizations. In univariate analysis, patients with non‐malignant diseases (P = .03) and without GvHD (P = .04) had more protective titers. A significant positive association was found among vaccine titers against the microorganisms or the serotypes of the same microorganism, which were administered together in the same product, including polio serotypes, diphtheria and tetanus, mumps, measles, and rubella. Higher degrees of sero‐positivity are likely to be due to lack of prior chemotherapy in non‐malignant disease cases and lesser immunosuppression in patients without GvHD. Monitoring long‐term vaccine titers and administering vaccines accordingly could be evaluated for post‐HSCT re‐immunization practice.
The extracorporeal circulation with transdiaphragmatic approach in living‐donor liver transplantation for HB with atrial extension of tumor thrombus: A case report
Authors: Shimizu Seiichi , Sakamoto Seisuke , Fukuda Akinari , Yanagi Yusuke , Uchida Hajime , Baba Chiaki , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Kondo Ryoichi , Kaneko Yukihiro , Nakano Noriyuki , Haga Chizuko , Yoshioka Takako , Matsumoto Kimikazu , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSurgical intervention for HB with tumor thrombi extending into the IVC and the RA might requires careful planning of the surgical procedures, including vascular reconstruction and extracorporeal circulation. We herein report a successful case of LDLT for HB with atrial extension of a tumor thrombus by extracorporeal circulation with a transdiaphragmatic approach. The patient was a 5‐year‐old boy with PRETEXT IV HB with a tumor thrombus that extended into the IVC and the RA. After 4 cycles of chemotherapy and resection of bilateral lung metastases, the size of the primary HB tumor decreased. As the tumor extension from the LHV to the RA had decreased but was still present, we performed LDLT with tumor thrombectomy. The central part of the diaphragm was sagittally incised to expose the suprahepatic IVC and the RA. Venovenous bypass was achieved from the right femoral vein and IMV to the RA En bloc resection of the native liver with the tumor thrombus was then performed. HV anastomosis was made between the newly created orifice on the IVC and the graft LHV. The duration of LDLT was 10 hours and 44 minutes (extracorporeal circulation time: 78 minutes). Pediatric LT for HB with the extension of tumor thrombi into the RA under extracorporeal circulation is a feasible option and allows for the expansion of the indications for transplantation for children with unresectable liver tumors.
THE APPLICATIONS OF ZERO DIVISORS OF SOME FINITE RINGS OF MATRICES IN PROBABILITY AND GRAPH THEORY
Authors: Zaid Nurhidayah , Sarmin Nor Haniza , Khasraw Sanhan Muhammad Salih 
Published: December 2020

Let R be a finite ring. The zero divisors of R are defined as two nonzero elements of R, say x and y where xy = 0. Meanwhile, the probability that two random elements in a group commute is called the commutativity degree of the group. Some generalizations of this concept have been done on various groups, but not in rings. In this study, a variant of probability in rings which is the probability that two elements of a finite ring have product zero is determined for some ring of matrices over integers modulo n. The results are then applied into graph theory, specifically the zero divisor graph. This graph is defined as a graph where its vertices are zero divisors of R and two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if xy = 0. It is found that the zero divisor graph of R is a directed graph.