bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Management of Hypertension Guided by Central or Peripheral Blood Pressure Measurement: Comparison of Two Strategies on the Incidence of Intermediate Outcome
Authors: Barroso Weimar Kunz Sebba , Inuzuka Sayuri , Guimarães Gilberto Campos , Pacífico Robson Pierre , Melo Victoria Alves , Oliveira Luiz Fernando , Silva Eduarda , Mesquita Gustavo Ribeiro , Valle Deborah Silva Cintra , Vitorino Priscila Valverde , Sousa Ana Luiza Lima , Jardim Paulo César Brandão Veiga , Coca Antonio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Central blood pressure values and arterial stiffness have demonstrated to be a useful tool to stratify cardiovascular risk and also as a biomarker. A question that is still unanswered is if hypertension treatment guided by central blood pressure parameters will be even better to promote cardiovascular protection than peripheral one.

Methods
With this proposition we have designed an open prospective multicentric randomized protocol to compare central (G1) and peripheral (G2) blood pressure targets during 1 year follow-up concerning target organ damage (carotid intima media thickness, left ventricular hypertrophy, microalbuminuria and pulse wave velocity). OMRON 1100 will be used to access peripheral and Mobil O’Graph to access central blood pressure and pulse wave velocity, TOSHIBA Xsario with longitudinal linear transdutor 7.5 MHz bidimensional mode B to access carotid and left ventricular parameters.

Expected Results
This paper aims to describe methodological aspects concerning this research and we expect to find results to answer some open questions about hypertension treatment and cardiovascular protection.
Pressure Dependency of Retinal Arterial Pulse Wave Velocity in the Rat
Authors: Rezaeian Mahdieh , Georgevsky Dana , Golzan S. Mojtaba , Graham Stuart , Avolio Alberto , Butlin Mark 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The retinal vasculature provides unique in vivo access to the microcirculation and presents the possibility of measuring small artery (retinal) stiffness using pulse wave velocity (PWV). This study investigates whether retinal artery PWV (rPWV) has a blood pressure (BP) dependency.

Methods
Fundus videos from eight Sprague-Dawley rats aged 12 weeks were captured (Zeiss fundus microscope with high-speed camera, 125 fps, Optronis, Germany) simultaneously with aortic BP. Retinal artery diameter waveforms at proximal and distal sites were extracted and transit time calculated from the phase delay between frequency components (4–6 Hz, typical heart rate of rats) of the waveforms. rPWV was measured across a physiological range of mean arterial pressure (MAP): baseline (90–110 mmHg); 130 mmHg to baseline following systemic phenylephrine (PE) infusion (30 µg/kg/min); 130 mmHg to baseline during PE infusion with simultaneous inferior vena cava occlusion (VO); 70 mmHg to baseline following systemic sodium nitroprusside infusion; and 70 mmHg to baseline following VO. The correlation between retinal artery rPWV and BP was quantified.

Results
There was a significant positive correlation between retinal artery rPWV and MAP as expected (0.19 mm/s/mmHg, R2 = 0.59, p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between retinal and aortic PWV (R2 = 0.09, p = 0.03).

Conclusion
The pressure dependency of the measured rPWV indicates the measure has utility in in vivo quantification of the impact on microvessels of cardiovascular diseases. To elucidate the predictive value of screening rPWV in systemic cardiovascular abnormalities, the relation needs to be investigated in humans.
Pilar-Pilar Eksistensi Dan Keberlanjutan Kampung Kramat: Kampung Tematik Di TPU Kasin Kota Malang
Authors: Pradana Antonio Heltra 
Published: February 2020

Di Kota Malang terdapat kampung tematik di TPU Kasin yaitu kampung Kramat.Kampung ini telah ada sejak 50 tahun lalu dan dulu dikenal sebagai kampung pelarian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tahu tentang pola kehidupan social masyarakat Kampung Kramat, dengan mendalami hal-hal terkait cara masyarakat kampung Kramat bertahan hidup ditengah-tengah lingkungan pemakaman, pola hubungan antara masyarakat yang satu dengan yang lain di Kampung Kramat, proses transformasi Kampung Kramat dari Kampung pelarian menjadi Kampung tematik dan basis keberadaan dan keberlanjutan Kampung Kramat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deksriptif-induktif-kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pendekatan ini digunakan untuk menggali konsep warga Kampung Kramat bertahan hidup dan cara mereka mempertahankan kampungnya hingga sekarang menjadi kampung tematik. Hasilnya, kampung dapat bertahan keberadaannya karena memiliki konsep meruang-berkehidupan yang kontekstual-kompleks. Konsep-konsep ini menjadi pilar-pilar penyokong keberadaan dan keberlanjutan Kampung Kramat. Adanya studi ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pertimbangan khusus mengenai arahan pemberdayaan kampung kota melalui konsep tematik agar dapat lebih mengena dan berdaya guna. Khususnya bagi kampung yang terletak di area pemakaman. Abstract: In Malang regency, there is a thematic village in TPU Kasin namely Kramat Village. This village has existed since 50 years ago and was once known as an escape village. The purpose of this research is to find out about the social life pattern of the people of Kampung Kramat, by exploring the things related to the way the village of Kramat survive amid the funeral environment, the pattern of relationship between Community that is one with the other in Kampung Kramat, the transformation process of Kampung Kramat from the runaway village becomes the thematic village and base of the existence and sustainability of Kampung Kramat. The method used in this research is a-inductive-qualitative dexsriptif with a phenomenological approach. This approach is used to excavate the concept of villagers survive and the way they defend their village is now a thematic village. As a result, the village can survive its existence because it has a contextual-complex living concept. These concepts are the pillars of the existence and sustainability of Kampung Kramat. The existence of this study is expected to be a specific consideration of the direction of empowerment of village city through thematic concept to be more effective and effective. Especially for the village located in the burial area.
On the Consistency of k-means++ algorithm
Authors: Kłopotek Mieczysław A. 
Published: February 2020

We prove in this paper that the expected value of the objective function of the k-means++ algorithm for samples converges to population expected value. As k-means++, for samples, provides with constant factor approximation for k-means objectives, such an approximation can be achieved for the population with increase of the sample size. This result is of potential practical relevance when one is considering using subsampling when clustering large data sets (large data bases).
On Orthogonal Projections on the Space of Consistent Pairwise Comparisons Matrices
Authors: Koczkodaj Waldemar W. , Smarzewski Ryszard , Szybowski Jacek 
Published: February 2020

In this study, the orthogonalization process for different inner products is applied to pairwise comparisons. Properties of consistent approximations of a given inconsistent pairwise comparisons matrix are examined. A method of a derivation of a priority vector induced by a pairwise comparison matrix for a given inner product has been introduced. The mathematical elegance of orthogonalization and its universal use in most applied sciences has been the motivating factor for this study. However, the finding of this study that approximations depend on the inner product assumed, is of considerable importance.
Action Rules of Lowest Cost and Action Set Correlations
Authors: Tzacheva Angelina A. , Shankar Ramya A. , Ramachandran Sridharan , Bagavathi Arunkumar 
Published: February 2020

A knowledge discovery system is prone to yielding plenty of patterns, presented in the form of rules. Sifting through to identify useful and interesting patterns is a tedious and time consuming process. An important measure of interestingness is: whether or not the pattern can be used in the decision making process of a business to increase profit. Hence, actionable patterns, such as action rules, are desirable. Action rules may suggest actions to be taken based on the discovered knowledge. In this way contributing to business strategies and scientific research. The large amounts of knowledge in the form of rules presents a challenge of identifying the essence, the most important part, of high usability. We focus on decreasing the space of action rules through generalization. In this work, we present a new method for computing the lowest cost of action rules and their generalizations. We discover action rules of lowest cost by taking into account the correlations between individual atomic action sets.
How Accurately Do Patients and Their Care Partners Report Results of Amyloid-β PET Scans for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment?
Authors: James Hailey J. , Van Houtven Courtney Harold , Lippmann Steven , Burke James R. , Shepherd-Banigan Megan , Belanger Emmanuelle , Wetle Terrie Fox , Plassman Brenda L. 
Published: February 2020

Background: Amyloid-β PET scans will likely become an integral part of the diagnostic evaluation for Alzheimer’s disease if Medicare approves reimbursement for the scans. However, little is known about patients’ and their care partners’ interpretation of scan results. Objective: This study seeks to understand how accurately patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia and their care partners report results of amyloid-β PET scans and factors related to correct reporting. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to analyze survey data from 1,845 patient-care partner dyads and responses to open-ended questions about interpretation of scan results from a sub-sample of 200 dyads. Results: Eighty-three percent of patients and 85% of care partners correctly reported amyloid-β PET scan results. Patients’ higher cognitive function was associated with a small but significant decrease in the predicted probability of not only patients accurately reporting scan results (ME: –0.004, 95% CI: –0.007, –0.000), but also care partners accurately reporting scan results (ME: –0.006, 95% CI: –0.007, –0.001), as well as decreased concordance between patient and care partner reports (ME: –0.004, 95% CI: –0.007, –0.001). Content analysis of open-ended responses found that participants who reported the scan results incorrectly exhibited more confusion about diagnostic terminology than those who correctly reported the scan results. Conclusion: Overall, patients with MCI or dementia showed high rates of accurate reporting of amyloid-β PET scan results. However, responses to questions about the meaning of the scan results highlight the need for improved provider communication, including providing written explanations and better prognostic information.
Sleep-Wake Cycle in Alzheimer’s Disease Is Associated with Tau Pathology and Orexin Dysregulation
Authors: Liguori Claudio , Spanetta Matteo , Izzi Francesca , Franchini Flaminia , Nuccetelli Marzia , Sancesario Giulia Maria , Di Santo Simona , Bernardini Sergio , Mercuri Nicola Biagio , Placidi Fabio 
Published: February 2020

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. It is mainly characterized by a progressive deterioration of cognition, but sleep-wake cycle disturbances frequently occur. Irregular sleep-wake cycle, insomnia, and daytime napping usually occur in patients with AD in the course of the disease. Objective: The aim of the present study was to verify the sleep-wake cycle in mild to moderate AD patients compared to controls, and to evaluate the relationship between the sleep-wake cycle impairment and the neuropsychological testing, CSF AD biomarkers, and CSF orexin concentrations. Methods: Mild to moderate AD patients were enrolled and underwent 14-day actigraphic recording, sleep diary, neuropsychological testing, and CSF biomarkers analysis. All patients were compared to controls. Results: Eighteen AD patients were compared to ten controls. AD patients showed the alteration of the sleep-wake cycle, featured by sleep dysregulation and daytime wake fragmentation, with respect to controls. Considering the correlation analysis, we documented the correlation between tau proteins and orexin CSF levels and sleep-wake cycle dysregulation. Conclusion: This study confirmed the dysregulation of sleep-wake cycle in AD patients, as reflected by the daytime wake fragmentation, irregular sleep-wake rhythm, and nocturnal sleep impairment. This sleep-wake cycle disorder correlates with AD neuropathological in vivo features and brain orexin activity. Hence, we suppose that a more marked AD pathology coupled with orexinergic system dysregulation may promote sleep-wake cycle impairment in AD patients.
Screening for Lifetime History of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Older American and Irish Adults at Risk for Dementia: Development and Validation of a Web-Based Survey
Authors: Gardner Raquel C. , Rivera Ernesto , O’Grady Megan , Doherty Colin , Yaffe Kristine , Corrigan John D. , Bogner Jennifer , Kramer Joel , Wilson Fiona 
Published: February 2020

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an established risk factor for dementia but mechanisms are uncertain. Accurate TBI exposure classification is critical for cognitive aging research studies seeking to discover mechanisms and treatments of post-TBI dementia. Brief TBI screens, commonly used in epidemiological studies of cognitive aging, are insensitive, leading to exposure mis-classification. Comprehensive TBI interviews, while more sensitive, may be impractical. Objective: We aimed to develop and validate a scalable, self-administered, comprehensive, web-based, TBI exposure survey for use in international cognitive aging research. Methods: We adapted a gold-standard comprehensive TBI interview (the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method; OSU TBI-ID) into a self-administered web-based survey for older adults (Older Adult modification of the OSU TBI-ID; OA OSU TBI-ID). We assessed reliability of our web-based survey versus the gold-standard interview among 97 older adults with normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, we assessed sensitivity of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (NACC UDS) brief TBI screen versus the interview among 70 older adults with normal cognition. Results: Our OA OSU TBI-ID web-based survey had good to excellent reliability versus the interview ( κ 0.66–0.73; ICCs 0.68–0.81) even among the sub-set with MCI ( κ 0.74–0.88; ICCs 0.76–0.85), except for several age-at-injury variables. The NACC UDS brief TBI screen missed 50% of TBI exposures identified using the OSU TBI-ID interview. Conclusion: The OSU TBI-ID interview and web-based survey may facilitate more accurate TBI exposure classification in cognitive aging research thereby accelerating discovery of targetable mechanisms of post-TBI dementia.
Working Towards a Blood-Derived Gene Expression Biomarker Specific for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Patel Hamel , Iniesta Raquel , Stahl Daniel , Dobson Richard J.B. , Newhouse Stephen J. 
Published: February 2020

Background: The typical approach to identify blood-derived gene expression signatures as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have relied on training classification models using AD and healthy controls only. This may inadvertently result in the identification of markers for general illness rather than being disease-specific. Objective: Investigate whether incorporating additional related disorders in the classification model development process can lead to the discovery of an AD-specific gene expression signature. Methods: Two types of XGBoost classification models were developed. The first used 160 AD and 127 healthy controls and the second used the same 160 AD with 6,318 upsampled mixed controls consisting of Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, coronary artery disease, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cognitively healthy subjects. Both classification models were evaluated in an independent cohort consisting of 127 AD and 687 mixed controls. Results: The AD versus healthy control models resulted in an average 48.7% sensitivity (95% CI = 34.7–64.6), 41.9% specificity (95% CI = 26.8–54.3), 13.6% PPV (95% CI = 9.9–18.5), and 81.1% NPV (95% CI = 73.3–87.7). In contrast, the mixed control models resulted in an average of 40.8% sensitivity (95% CI = 27.5–52.0), 95.3% specificity (95% CI = 93.3–97.1), 61.4% PPV (95% CI = 53.8–69.6), and 89.7% NPV (95% CI = 87.8–91.4). Conclusions: This early work demonstrates the value of incorporating additional related disorders into the classification model developmental process, which can result in models with improved ability to distinguish AD from a heterogeneous aging population. However, further improvement to the sensitivity of the test is still required.
Glucose Fluctuations Are Linked to Disrupted Brain Functional Architecture and Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Xia Wenqing , Luo Yong , Chen Yu-Chen , Chen Huiyou , Ma Jianhua , Yin Xindao 
Published: February 2020

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accelerates cognitive decline, which is believed to be triggered by aberrant neural activity. Objective: To explore how glucose fluctuations impact brain functional architecture and cognition in T2DM patients. Methods: T2DM patients were divided according to glycemic variability, forming two categories: patients with fluctuating glucose levels and patients with stable glucose levels. Degree centrality (DC) was calculated within the cerebral gray matter of each participant and was compared among the two patient groups and a healthy control group. The relationships between glucose fluctuations and aberrant DC and cognitive performance, as well as the relationship between aberrant DC and cognitive performance, were further explored. Results: Compared with T2DM patients with stable glucose levels, T2DM patients with fluctuating glucose levels exhibited significantly worse performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B), and verbal fluency test (VFT), as well as significant decreases in DC in certain regions, most of which were within the default mode network. In the combined T2DM group, the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) was positively correlated with TMT-B scores and negatively correlated with VFT scores. Moreover, the MAGE was negatively correlated with DC in the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). In addition, TMT-B scores were negatively correlated with reduced DC in the left mPFC. Conclusion: These findings further contribute to the mounting evidence of the effects of glycemic variability on the diabetic brain. Tightened control of glucose fluctuations might prevent cognitive decline and changes in brain functional architecture in T2DM individuals.
Correlates and Predictors of Cerebrospinal Fluid Cholesterol Efflux Capacity from Neural Cells, a Family of Biomarkers for Cholesterol Epidemiology in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Cipollari Eleonora , Szapary Hannah J. , Picataggi Antonino , Billheimer Jeffrey T. , Lyssenko Catherine A. , Ying Gui-Shuang , Shaw Leslie M. , Kling Mitchel A. , Kaddurah-Daouk Rima , Rader Daniel J. , Praticò Domenico , Lyssenko Nicholas N. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Metabolomics Consortium
Published: February 2020

Background: Basic research has implicated intracellular cholesterol in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but there is presently no assay to access intracellular cholesterol in neural cells in living people in the context of AD. Objective: To devise and characterize an assay that can access intracellular cholesterol and cholesterol efflux in neural cells in living subjects. Methods: We modified the protocol for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) from macrophages, a biomarker that accesses cholesterol in macrophages in atherosclerosis. To measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CECs from neurons, microglia, and astrocytes, CSF was exposed to, correspondingly, neuronal, microglial, and astrocytic cholesterol source cells. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, mouse microglial N9, and human astroglial A172 cells were used as the cholesterol source cells. CSF samples were screened for contamination with blood. CSF CECs were measured in a small cohort of 22 individuals. Results: CSF CECs from neurons, microglia, and astrocytes were moderately to moderately strongly correlated with CSF concentrations of cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein E, and clusterin (Pearson’s r = 0.53–0.86), were in poor agreement with one another regarding CEC of the CSF samples (Lin’s concordance coefficient r c = 0.71–0.76), and were best predicted by models consisting of, correspondingly, CSF phospholipid (R2 = 0.87, p < 0.0001), CSF apolipoprotein A-I and clusterin (R2 = 0.90, p < 0.0001), and CSF clusterin (R2 = 0.62, p = 0.0005). Conclusion: Characteristics of the CSF CEC metrics suggest a potential for independent association with AD and provision of fresh insight into the role of cholesterol in AD pathogenesis.
Correlation between certain rhythms of the body in osteopathic patients
Authors: Chernikova A. E. , Potekhina Yu. P. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction.The time organization of the body is a set of biorhythms that have different periods, but are consistent with each other over time. Any pathology is an inconsistency of rhythms in the body. To date, the problem of the relationship between different rhythms of the human body is poorly studied. The largest number of publications is devoted to the connection between respiratory and heart rhythms. The goal of research — to identify the correlation between some rhythms of the body in osteopathic patients and the effect of osteopathic correction (OC) on them.Materials and methods.100 patients of an osteopathic physician aged 8 to 81 years were examined (37 men and 63 women). All patients underwent a general osteopathic examination. The frequency of the cranial rhythm, the respiration rate (RR), the heart rate (HR), the neural process mobility (NPM) and the «connective tissue motility» were assessed before and after the OC session. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using nonparametric methods and the Statistica 10.0 program. The correlation coeffi cient between the frequencies of different rhythms was calculated by the Spearman method.Results.On the whole, only one statistically signifi cant correlation was found in the group of examined patients — between RR and NPM (r =–0,33, p<0,05). After OC, the number of statistically signifi cant connections increased, which may indicate a benefi cial effect of OC on the rhythmic integrity of the patient′s body. In the group of children (8–15 years old) and young people (18–34 years old), three correlations between rhythms that can be considered as «normal» were revealed: negative correlation link between heart rate and PNP (r =–0,36, p<0,05), negative correlation link between HR and NPM (r =–0,58, p<0,05), positive correlation link between HR and RR (r =0,68, p<0,05). With age, these correlation links decrease, which can be explained by the alteration of regulatory processes and increase of desynchronosis. The higher is the level of dominant somatic dysfunction (local–regional–global), the lower are statistically signifi cant correlations between biorhythms. This means that the severity of desynchronosis increases. In global somatic dysfunctions and regional somatic dysfunctions of the head and dura mater there are no correlations between biorhythms, i. e. the most pronounced desynchronosis is observed in these groups of patients.Conclusion.The correlation between some rhythms of the body in osteopathic patients was studied. The most pronounced desynchronosis is observed in global somatic dysfunctions and in regional somatic dysfunctions of the head and dura mater. After OC, the number of statistically signifi cant links between biorhythms increased.