bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anion charge and lattice volume dependent lithium ion migration in compounds with fcc anion sublattices
Authors: Xu Zhenming , Chen Xin , Chen Ronghan , Li Xin , Zhu Hong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractProper design principles are essential for the efficient development of superionic conductors. However, the existing design principles are mainly proposed from the perspective of crystal structures. In this work, the face-centered cubic (fcc) anion sublattices were creatively constructed to study the effects of anion charge and lattice volume on the stability of lithium ion occupation and lithium ion migration by the density functional theory calculations. Both the large negative anion charges and large lattice volumes would increase the relative stabilities of lithium-anion tetrahedron, making lithium ions prefer to occupy the tetrahedral sites. For a tetrahedral lithium ion migration to its adjacent tetrahedral site through an octahedral transition state, the smaller the negative anion charge is, the lower the lithium ion migration barrier will be. While for an octahedral lithium ion migration to its adjacent octahedral site through a tetrahedral transition state, the more negative anion charge is, the lower the lithium ion migration barrier will be. New design principles for developing and optimizing superionic conductors with the fcc anion sublattice were proposed. Low lithium ion migration barriers would be achieved by adjusting the non-lithium elements within the same crystal structure to obtain the desired electronegativity difference between the anion element and the non-lithium cation element.
Quantum liquid from strange frustration in the trimer magnet Ba4Ir3O10
Authors: Cao Gang , Zheng Hao , Zhao Hengdi , Ni Yifei , Pocs Christopher A. , Zhang Yu , Ye Feng , Hoffmann Christina , Wang Xiaoping , Lee Minhyea , Hermele Michael , Kimchi Itamar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQuantum spin systems such as magnetic insulators usually show magnetic order, but such classical states can give way to quantum liquids with exotic entanglement through two known mechanisms of frustration: geometric frustration in lattices with triangle motifs, and spin-orbit-coupling frustration in the exactly solvable quantum liquid of Kitaev’s honeycomb lattice. Here we present the experimental observation of a new kind of frustrated quantum liquid arising in an unlikely place: the magnetic insulator Ba4Ir3O10 where Ir3O12 trimers form an unfrustrated square lattice. The crystal structure shows no apparent spin chains. Experimentally we find a quantum liquid state persisting down to 0.2 K that is stabilized by strong antiferromagnetic interaction with Curie–Weiss temperature ranging from −766 to −169 K due to magnetic anisotropy. The anisotropy-averaged frustration parameter is 2000, seldom seen in iridates. Heat capacity and thermal conductivity are both linear at low temperatures, a familiar feature in metals but here in an insulator pointing to an exotic quantum liquid state; a mere 2% Sr substitution for Ba produces long-range order at 130 K and destroys the linear-T features. Although the Ir4+(5d5) ions in Ba4Ir3O10 appear to form Ir3O12 trimers of face-sharing IrO6 octahedra, we propose that intra-trimer exchange is reduced and the lattice recombines into an array of coupled 1D chains with additional spins. An extreme limit of decoupled 1D chains can explain most but not all of the striking experimental observations, indicating that the inter-chain coupling plays an important role in the frustration mechanism leading to this quantum liquid.
Genetic interactions derived from high-throughput phenotyping of 6589 yeast cell cycle mutants
Authors: Gallegos Jenna E. , Adames Neil R. , Rogers Mark F. , Kraikivski Pavel , Ibele Aubrey , Nurzynski-Loth Kevin , Kudlow Eric , Murali T. M. , Tyson John J. , Peccoud Jean 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOver the last 30 years, computational biologists have developed increasingly realistic mathematical models of the regulatory networks controlling the division of eukaryotic cells. These models capture data resulting from two complementary experimental approaches: low-throughput experiments aimed at extensively characterizing the functions of small numbers of genes, and large-scale genetic interaction screens that provide a systems-level perspective on the cell division process. The former is insufficient to capture the interconnectivity of the genetic control network, while the latter is fraught with irreproducibility issues. Here, we describe a hybrid approach in which the 630 genetic interactions between 36 cell-cycle genes are quantitatively estimated by high-throughput phenotyping with an unprecedented number of biological replicates. Using this approach, we identify a subset of high-confidence genetic interactions, which we use to refine a previously published mathematical model of the cell cycle. We also present a quantitative dataset of the growth rate of these mutants under six different media conditions in order to inform future cell cycle models.
Telomeric and sub-telomeric regions undergo rapid turnover within a Streptomyces population
Authors: Tidjani Abdoul-Razak , Bontemps Cyril , Leblond Pierre 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGenome dynamics was investigated within natural populations of the soil bacterium Streptomyces. The exploration of a set of closely related strains isolated from micro-habitats of a forest soil exhibited a strong diversity of the terminal structures of the linear chromosome, i.e. terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). Large insertions, deletions and translocations could be observed along with evidence of transfer events between strains. In addition, the telomere and its cognate terminal protein complexes required for terminal replication and chromosome maintenance, were shown to be variable within the population probably reflecting telomere exchanges between the chromosome and other linear replicons (i.e., plasmids). Considering the close genetic relatedness of the strains, these data suggest that the terminal regions are prone to a high turnover due to a high recombination associated with extensive horizontal gene transfer.
Rigid soles improve balance in beam walking, but improvements do not persist with bare feet
Authors: Huber Meghan E. , Chiovetto Enrico , Giese Martin , Sternad Dagmar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMaintaining balance while walking on a narrow beam is a challenging motor task. One important factor is that the foot’s ability to exert torque on the support surface is limited by the beam width. Still, the feet serve as a critical interface between the body and the external environment, and it is unclear how the mechanical properties of the feet affect balance. This study examined how constraining the motion of the foot joints with rigid soles influenced balance performance when walking on a beam. We recorded whole-body kinematics of subjects with varying skill levels as they walked on a narrow beam with and without wearing flat, rigid soles on their feet. We computed changes in whole-body motion and angular momentum across the two conditions. Results showed that walking with rigid soles improved balance performance in both expert and novice subjects, but that improvements in balance performance with rigid soles did not affect or transfer to subsequent task performance with bare feet. The absence of any aftereffects suggested that the improved balance performance resulting from constraining the foot joints by a rigid sole was the result of a mechanical effect rather than a change in neural control. Although wearing rigid soles can be used to assist balance, there appears to be limited benefit for training or rehabilitation of balance ability.
Inhibition of Influenza A virus propagation by benzoselenoxanthenes stabilizing TMPRSS2 Gene G-quadruplex and hence down-regulating TMPRSS2 expression
Authors: Shen Li-Wen , Qian Man-Qing , Yu Kai , Narva Suresh , Yu Fei , Wu Yan-Ling , Zhang Wen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractProteolytic cleavage of influenza A virus (IAV) hemagglutinin by host proteases is crucial for virus infectivity and spread. The transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 was previously identified as the essential protease that can cleave hemagglutinin of many subtypes of influenza virus and spike protein of coronavirus. Herein, we found that a guanine rich tract, capable of forming intramolecular G-quadruplex in the presence of potassium ions, in the promoter region of human TMPRSS2 gene was quite important for gene transcriptional activity, hence affecting its function. Furthermore, 7 new synthesized benzoselenoxanthene analogues were found to enable stabilizing such G-quadruplex. More importantly, compounds can down-regulate TMPRSS2 gene expression, especially endogenous TMPRSS2 protein levels, and consequently suppress influenza A virus propagation in vitro. Our results provide a new strategy for anti-influenza A virus infection by small molecules targeting the TMPRSS2 gene G-quadruplex and thus inhibiting TMPRSS2 expression, which is valuable for developing small molecule drugs against influenza A virus and also may be a potential candidate as anti- SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV 2) lead molecules.
Effect of the Interfiber Bonding on the Mechanical Behavior of Electrospun Fibrous Mats
Authors: Chavoshnejad Poorya , Razavi Mir Jalil 
Published: May 2020

AbstractElectrospun fibrous mats, characterized by their large surface-to-volume ratios, have unique and beneficial properties for various applications. The micro or nanoscale architectures of these structures significantly affects the mechanical properties of the material. The lack of knowledge for predicting the mechanical behavior of electrospun fibrous mats may prevent applications utilizing the se mats from reaching their full potential. In this paper, we propose a new computational model to predict the mechanical behavior of an electrospun fibrous mat by considering its microstructure and the percentage of the cross-points that are bonded. The model of the electrospun mat with randomly distributed fibers is considered in uniaxial and biaxial tension. Three cases are studied: (1) no interaction in cross-points of intersecting fibers, (2) half of the cross-points are bonded, (3) all of the cross-points are bonded. The results show that along with the mechanical properties of individual fibers, the fusion bonding of fibers is a critical parameter for tuning the mechanical properties of the bulk material. In a predefined porosity, the interfiber fusion enhanced the stiffness of the mat by 60%, which is independent of the loading mode and the mechanical property of individual fibers. For all ranges of porosities, bonding increases the stiffness of the mat; however, the bonding is more effective at stiffening when the porosity of the mat is low.
Timing is everything: Drivers of interannual variability in blue whale migration
Authors: Szesciorka Angela R. , Ballance Lisa T. , Širović Ana , Rice Ally , Ohman Mark D. , Hildebrand John A. , Franks Peter J. S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBlue whales need to time their migration from their breeding grounds to their feeding grounds to avoid missing peak prey abundances, but the cues they use for this are unknown. We examine migration timing (inferred from the local onset and cessation of blue whale calls recorded on seafloor-mounted hydrophones), environmental conditions (e.g., sea surface temperature anomalies and chlorophyll a), and prey (spring krill biomass from annual net tow surveys) during a 10 year period (2008–2017) in waters of the Southern California Region where blue whales feed in the summer. Colder sea surface temperature anomalies the previous season were correlated with greater krill biomass the following year, and earlier arrival by blue whales. Our results demonstrate a plastic response of blue whales to interannual variability and the importance of krill as a driving force behind migration timing. A decadal-scale increase in temperature due to climate change has led to blue whales extending their overall time in Southern California. By the end of our 10-year study, whales were arriving at the feeding grounds more than one month earlier, while their departure date did not change. Conservation strategies will need to account for increased anthropogenic threats resulting from longer times at the feeding grounds.
Organizing bacterial vortex lattices by periodic obstacle arrays
Authors: Reinken Henning , Nishiguchi Daiki , Heidenreich Sebastian , Sokolov Andrey , Bär Markus , Klapp Sabine H. L. , Aranson Igor S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecent experiments have shown that the complex spatio-temporal vortex structures emerging in active fluids are susceptible to weak geometrical constraints. This observation poses the fundamental question of how boundary effects stabilize a highly ordered pattern from seemingly turbulent motion. Here we show, by a combination of continuum theory and experiments on a bacterial suspension, how artificial obstacles guide the flow profile and reorganize topological defects, which enables the design of bacterial vortex lattices with tunable properties. To this end, the continuum model is extended by appropriate boundary conditions. Beyond the stabilization of square and hexagonal lattices, we also provide a striking example of a chiral, antiferromagnetic lattice exhibiting a net rotational flow, which is induced by arranging the obstacles in a Kagome-like array.
Ultrafast dynamics of exchange stiffness in Co/Pt multilayer
Authors: Shim Je-Ho , Syed Akbar Ali , Shin Yooleemi , Kim Ji-Wan , Piao Hong-Guang , Lee Sang-Hyuk , Lee Kyung Min , Jeong Jong-Ryul , Kim Dong-Hyun , Kim Dong Eon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe exchange stiffness coefficient, Aex, represents the strength of direct exchange interactions among neighboring spins. Aex is linked to most of the magnetic properties such as skyrmion formation, magnetic vortex, magnetic domain wall width, and exchange length. Hence, the quantification of Aex is essential to understanding fundamental magnetic properties, but little is known for the dynamics of Aex on a sub-picosecond timescale. We report the ultrafast dynamcis of Aex in an ordered magnetic state in Co/Pt ferromagnetic multilayer. Time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect and reflectivity measurements were analyzed for various pump fluences. We reveal that the significant dynamical reduction of Aex is responsible for the dramatic increase of remagnetization time for high fluences. The analysis shows that Aex dynamically varies, strongly affecting overall ultrafast demagnetization/remagnetization process. The investigation demonstrates the possibility of Aex engineering in femtosecond timescale and thereby provides a way to design ultrafast spintronic devices.
MicroRNA-367 directly targets PIK3R3 to inhibit proliferation and invasion of oral carcinoma cells
Authors: Sun Haitao , Feng Xiaodong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Recently, microRNA-367 (miR-367) has been reported to function as both tumor suppressor and oncogene in several cancer types, including gastric cancer, hepatocellular cancer and lung cancer. However, the biological function of miR-367 and its precise mechanisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not been well clarified. The aim of the present study was to study the roles of miR-367/PIK3R3 axis in OSCC. The levels of PIK3R3 and miR-367 were detected by quantitative PCR assay in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the biological roles of miR-367 and PIK3R3 in OSCC cells were assessed by cell proliferation and invasion. The mRNA and protein levels of PIK3R3 were determined by using quantitative PCR and Western blotting assays. Luciferase assays were used to confirm that PIK3R3 was one target of miR-367. In the present study, the miR-367 level was dramatically reduced in OSCC tissues and cell lines, and the PIK3R3 expression was significantly enhanced. What’s more, the PIK3R3 expression was negatively related to the miR-367 level in OSCC tissues. Furthermore, up-regulation of miR-367 obviously restrained OSCC cells proliferation and invasion. We confirmed that miR-367 could directly target PIK3R3 by luciferase reporter assay. Besides, knockdown of PIK3R3 also could markedly inhibit the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells. Finally, overexpression of miR-367 in OSCC cells partially reversed the promoted effects of PIK3R3 up-regulation. Overexpression of miR-367 restrained OSCC cells proliferation and invasion via regulation of PIK3R3.
Epigenome-wide association study reveals CpG sites related to COG of neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhao Hao , Zhou Xiaojun , Sun Hu , Zhao Dongyun , Liu Hongfei , Huang Bin , Li Xingang , Gu Yinghao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in infants and children. Its variable location and complex pathogenesis make NB hard for early diagnosis and risk classification. Methodology. We analyzed the methylation data of 236 samples from patients with NB in Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used for comparing overall survival of NB patients in different groups. Epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) was conducted to screen CpGs significantly associated with NB patients’ Children’s Oncology Group (COG). Logistic regression method was used for constructing a model to predict NB patients’ COG. Results. NB patients in low COG showed significantly superior prognosis than those in high COG. A total of seven CpG sites were found closely related to COG. Logistic regression model based on those CpGs showed superior performance in separating NB patients in different COGs. Conclusions. The present study highlights the important role of DNA methylation in NB development, which might provide evidence for treatment decisions for children NB.
A Distinction Between Linguistic and Social Pragmatics Helps the Precise Characterization of Pragmatic Challenges in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Andrés-Roqueta Clara , Katsos Napoleon 
Published: May 2020

PurposeChildren with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and children with developmental language disorder (DLD) face challenges with pragmatics, but the nature and sources of these difficulties are not fully understood yet. The purpose of this study was to compare the competence of children with ASD and children with DLD in two pragmatics tasks that place different demands on theory of mind (ToM) and structural language.MethodTwenty Spanish-speaking children with ASD, 20 with DLD, and 40 age- and language-matched children with neurotypical development were assessed using two pragmatics tasks: a linguistic pragmatics task, which requires competence with structural language, and a social pragmatics task, which requires competence with ToM as well.ResultsFor linguistic pragmatics, the ASD group performed similarly to the DLD and language-matched groups, and performance was predicted by structural language. For social pragmatics, the ASD group performed lower than the DLD and language-matched groups, and performance was predicted both by structural language and ToM.ConclusionsChildren with ASD and children with DLD face difficulties in linguistic pragmatics tasks, in keeping with their structural language. Children with ASD face exceptional difficulties with social pragmatics tasks, due to their difficulties with ToM. The distinction between linguistic and social pragmatic competences can inform assessment and intervention for pragmatic difficulties in different populations.
Non‐isolated LLC resonant converter with suppressed circulating current and automatic resonant frequency matching capability
Authors: Dobi Abdulhakeem Mohammed , Sahid Mohd Rodhi Bin , Sheikh Usman Ullah 
Published: May 2020

This study proposed a novel non‐isolated half‐bridge Inductor‐Inductor‐Capacitor (HB LLC) resonant converter with automatic resonant frequency adjustment ability and a circulating current suppression auxiliary circuit. The proposed converter employs a hybrid modulation technique based on frequency modulation (FM) and pulse width modulation (PWM) to regulate the output voltage. At the nominal operating point, all the excellent attributes of a conventional LLC converter over the entire load range are maintained and output voltage control is achieved with FM. However, when the input voltage decreased to a level that LLC output voltage cannot be maintained with FM, the primary switches will operate at the minimum switching frequency and the auxiliary switch will be turned ON with PWM. The auxiliary switch is turned ON with zero‐voltage switching and automatically matching the circuit resonant frequency with the switching frequency for optimal operation. The effective resonant inductor is energised directly from the dc bus storing more energy which is later released to the load to achieving high gain while maintaining the desired output voltage with a narrow frequency span. In addition, the converter exhibits low circulating current under an enhanced gain condition. Experimental results are presented on a 60 W prototype to validate the theoretical prediction. The proposed converter has a peak efficiency of 97%.
Gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation (γtACS) in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case report
Authors: Haller Nikolas , Senner Fanny , Hasan Alkomiet , Padberg Frank , Palm Ulrich 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObsessive-convulsive disorder (OCD) has often a chronic course and refractoriness to psychopharmacology and psychotherapy is frequent. New non-invasive brain stimulation techniques could help to improve OCD symptoms. This case report presents a female OCD patient treated with gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation during 10 sessions. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale decreased from 70 to 59 points, and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale decreased from 25 to 12 points. There also was an improvement in cognitive functions assessed by word fluency and n-back test. It can be hypothesised that gamma transcranial alternating current stimulation restores disturbed alpha frequency bands and has an impact on psychiatric disorders like OCD and major depressive disorder.
A ‘Speed-Dating’ Model of Wound Care? Rapid,
High-Volume Assessment of Patients With Diabetes in a Multidisciplinary Foot
Wound Clinic
Authors: Sung Jasper A. , Gurung Seema , Lam Teresa , Yusaf Shehzi , Vicaretti Mauro , Begg Lindy , Cheung N. Wah , Padmanabhan Suja , Girgis Christian M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Diabetes is a major risk factor for foot ulceration and leg
amputation, but the effect of intensive glycaemic control on wound healing is
unknown. While an interdisciplinary approach has been shown to be important in
the management of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), there is no standardised definition
of such an interdisciplinary team.
Objective To investigate the role of an opportunistic, rapid-access,
inter-disciplinary model of diabetes care at a foot wound clinic.
Methods A retrospective case-control study of patients with DFUs
attending a diabetes foot wound clinic over a 6-month period. Outcomes in
patients who were seen by a rapid-access interdisciplinary team (RAIT)
consisting of an endocrinologist, diabetes educator and dietician during the
standard wound care those who were not seen by this team were compared.
Results Fifty-five patients were seen by the RAIT and 64 control patients
were not seen by this team during their attendance of a diabetes foot wound
clinic. Patients in the intervention group had non-significantly higher baseline
HbA1c and a significantly larger proportion were active cigarette smokers. Both
groups achieved comparable reduction in the total number of DFUs per patient
(p=0.971). Patients in the intervention group had a 60.1%
reduction in wound size compared to 52.4% reduction in control group
(p=0.526).
Conclusion Our study shows that the use of a rapid-access
interdisciplinary team to assess and manage patients’ diabetes in a foot
wound clinic is feasible. Patients with higher-risk diabetes foot wounds exposed
to RAIT had comparable wound healing outcomes to lower risk patients.