bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical education, leisure time physical activity, and psychological distress in adolescence
Authors: Vilhjalmsson R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Participation in physical education classes can positively affect mental and physical well-being in children and adolescets. The current study focused on the relationship between participation in gym and swimming classes and psychological distress symptoms in Icelandic adolescents.

Methods
The analysis is based on a national school-based study, conducted in Iceland every fourth year, as part of the WHO collaborative cross-national survey titled Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC). Data collection took place between November 2013 and February 2014. Students filled out an anonymous study questionnaire in the classroom. The data is based on responses from 15 year old (10. grade) students attending the final year of compulsory school (N = 3618; response rate 81%).

Results
Positive associations were observed between participation in curriculum-based gym and swimming classes and lower psychological distress symptoms. A closer multivariate path analysis suggested that beneficial effects of PE classes were direct, and also indirect because participation in such classes were positively related to leisure time physical activity.

Conclusions
The study suggests that school-based physical activity enhances psychological well-being in adolescence. The benefits may be both direct and indirect through increased leisure time physical activity.

Key messages
School-based physical activity enhances psychological well-being in adolescence. The benefits may be both direct and indirect through increased leisure time physical activity.
Added value of combining health examination surveys and human biomonitoring studies
Authors: Tolonen H , Andersson A M , Agergaard Holmboe S , Namorado S , Rambaud L , Kolossa-Gehring M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
In many European countries, parallel to health examination surveys (HES), human biomonitoring (HBM) studies are conducted to monitor chemical exposures of the population. HES and HBM studies use survey based data collection with similarities in sample selection and recruitment, ethics and data protection, collection of data by questionnaire and through biological samples.

Methods
In the framework of European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU), evaluation of opportunities and potential obstacles related to combining HES and HBM surveys has been conducted. Experiences and expectations of principal investigators (PI) of studies from 19 European countries have been evaluated.

Results
The most common reasons for omitting an HBM module from a HES were lack of knowledge related to chemical measurements, lack of funding and capacities for chemical analysis. Many PIs feared that adding an HBM module to their survey would increase the participant burden and decrease participation rate. In surveys where these two different modules were already combined, the biggest benefits were seen on use of same infrastructure for recruitment of survey invitees, collection of questionnaire information and biological samples, and additional information on health, resulting more cost-effective data collection with more information on each participant. Combining these two modules had challenges on fitting together needs from the two study objectives. While survey content broadens, balancing participant burden and research interest of both HES and an HBM module is challenging. The amount of collected biological samples such as blood samples is limited. Coordination of the activities between several research groups can be challenging and time consuming.

Conclusions
Several examples have shown that combining HBM and health surveys is possible and provide several benefits. However, it requires a good preparation and planning and sufficient coordination capacity to be successful.

Key messages
Combining HES and HBM is possible but requires detailed planning and good collaboration between research groups. Combined HES and HBM studies provide a wide range of information about population health status and its determinants as well as chemicals levels of exposure.
Contamination of Poultry Meat with Salmonella infantis should be considered a Risk for Food Safety?
Authors: Finazzi G , Bertasi B , Pavoni E , Filipello V , D’Incau M , Losio M N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Issue/problem
EU Regulation regarding fresh poultry meat considers only S. enteritidis or S. typhimurium as Food Safety Criteria. On the contrary, the isolation of other Salmonella spp. in this food matrices is considered compliant. Several bibliographical sources indicate an increase in the isolation trend of S. infantis in the poultry industry and in derived products.

Description of the problem
Episodes of food poisoning caused by fresh chicken meat contaminated with S. infantis have been recently reported. According to CDC, last year in USA, an outbreak caused by a S. infantis strain, resistant to multiple antibiotics, ended with 129 sick people, 25 hospitalizations and a death. National Salmonellosis Control Plan for Poultry 2019-21 establishes in Italy the abatement conditions for poultry farms in case of positive isolation of S. enteritidis, S. typhimurium and S. infantis.

Results
In 2018, the National Health System disposed the analysis of batches of fresh chicken meat from Poland, sampled in a cold storage facility in Northern Italy. Food Control Dept. of IZSLER analysed 156 samples for a total of 780 sampling units (s.u.), for Salmonella spp.: 72 samples were positive (46,15%;corresponding to 222 s.u. - 28,46%). 42 strains were serotyped as S. enteritidis, 149 as S. infantis, 26 as S. newport, 4 as S. kentucky and 1 as S. mbandaka. According to EU Regulation, batches positive for S. enteritidis were indicated as not compliant, but batches positive to other Salmonella were considered regular.

Lessons
EU legislation allows the circulation of chicken meat contaminated with S. infantis. Chicken meat should be consumed after appropriate well cooking eliminating this hazard, but it does not protect the consumer from the risk of cross-contamination of tools and surfaces at the household level. It’s therefore fundamental the application of correct processing practices in order to prevent the spreading of Salmonella in home kitchens and limit dangerous episodes of infection.

Key messages
S. infantis trend of isolation in the poultry industry is increasing. application of GMPs in home cooking is fundamental to limit food outbreaks of infection.
Evading the price: do French smokers go abroad to buy cheaper tobacco?
Authors: Andler R , Guignard R , Lermenier-Jeannet A , Richard J-B , Pasquereau A , Quatremère G , Nguyen-Thanh V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
In France, selling tobacco is strictly supervised and can only be done by official “tobacconists” making the price lever all the more efficient in preventing smoking. However, tobacco prices are rather heterogeneous in Europe and France is surrounded by countries with lower tobacco prices. The aim of our study was to investigate tobacco cross-border purchases by French smokers.

Methods
Data come from the Santé publique France health Barometer, a national representative phone survey. In the 2014, 2017 and 2018 editions, respectively 4,721, 1,854 and 2,594 smokers where asked about their habits regarding purchasing tobacco.

Results
In 2018, among adults, 77.8% of cigarette smokers (including RYO cigarettes) made their last purchase from an official French tobacconist and 16.4% made it in a neighboring country. Rates in bordering regions are drastically higher. These figures are quite similar to the ones observed in 2014 while tobacconist purchases had increased in 2017 and abroad purchases had decreased. In 2018, among adults, 44.3% of cigarette smokers stated they had bought tobacco abroad at least once during the past 12 months.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that the frequency of cross border tobacco purchases by French smokers decreased between 2014 and 2017 while tobacco prices were not modified in France but increased between 2017 and 2018 as French tobacco prices went up. Our study also emphasises the fact that cross border purchases were a lot more common in bordering regions.

Key messages
Part of French smokers avoid price increases by purchasing tobacco abroad. This public health policy measure could be more efficient if tobacco prices were aligned in Europe.
ENDS - a growing threat: results from Russian tobacco control policy evaluation survey EPOCHA-RF
Authors: Gambaryan M H , Kalinina A M , Popovich M V , Starovoytov M L , Drapkina O M , Boytsov S A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) including heated tobacco products not yet legally regulated are more and more imposed over the Russian population. Still very little is known about these products.

Aim
To assess the exposure of Russian population to advertisement, promotion, of ENDS, and its attitudes and beliefs regarding these products.

Methods
Data from Russian tobacco control policy evaluation survey (2017-2018) are analysed which used a systematic stratified multistage random sampling based on territorial household principle, representing the adult population (18+) of Russia in 10 Federal subjects. 20380 randomly selected respondents were interviewed and a stratified sample (n = 11625) of smokers (n = 6569), former smokers (n = 2377) and never smokers (n = 2679) participated in the survey.

Results
In past 6 months 15.7% of the respondents were exposed to promotion of ENDS via internet, 14%-via social networks and 13.4% at the points of sale. Remarkably the youngest age group (18-24) was significantly more exposed to advertisement and promotion of ENDS from all sources than the rest of age groups: 32.6%, 32.3% and 24.3% respectively (p&lt;.0001).
48% of respondents believe that secondhand vape of e-cigarettes is harmful for health of people, with significant differences among current smokers (40%), recent quitters (53%), former smokers (60%) and never smokers (66%). Majority agreed that it is necessary to regulate allowed amounts of nicotine in e-liquids (54%), to ban vaping in public places where tobacco smoking is banned (59.2%), ban the sales of these products to minors (68%), and the use of e-cigarettes by those (71.2%). 61.5% support the need for ban of all forms of advertisement, marketing and promotion of ENDS.

Conclusions
ENDS present a real threat for Russian tobacco control policy achievements. The findings will be used to support new strong legislation to regulate ENDS in Russia.

Key messages
Young people much more than the others are targeted with advertisement and promotion of ENDS. ENDS present a real threat for Russian tobacco control policy and should be legally regulated like any tobacco products.
Challenges of a French Hospital Discharge algorithm to detect non-accidental paediatric burns
Authors: Hermetet C , Laurent E , El Allali Y , Gaborit C , Lecuyer A-I , Urvois-Grange A , Saint-Martin P , Biotteau M , Le Touze A , Grammatico-Guillon L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Child maltreatment includes physical, psychological, sexual abuse and acts of neglect. Among the resulting non-accidental injuries, burns are responsible for an important morbi-mortality. The main objective was to build a detection algorithm of non-accidental paediatric burns (NAB), using ICD-10 codes in the hospital resumes from the French Hospital Discharge Database (HDD).

Methods
Children aged 0 to 16 years old hospitalised at the University Hospital of Tours from 2012 to 2017 with a coded burn were included. “Probable” or “possible” HDD cases of NAB were defined based on specific ICD-10 codes during the inclusion stay or the previous year. A chart review was performed on all the HDD cases and HDD non cases matched on sex and age with a 1:2 ratio. Performance parameters were estimated for three clinical definitions of suspected child maltreatment: excluding neglect, including neglect with restriction then broad definition. For clinical cases, report to the judicial authority (RJA) or worrying information (WI) was searched.

Results
Among the 253 included children, 83 “probable” cases and 153 non cases were analysed. Sensitivity varied from 48% (95%CI [36-60]) to 90% [55-100] when excluding neglect, specificity from 70% [63;77] to 68% [61;74]. The positive and negative likelihood ratios varied respectively from 1,6 [1,2;2,3] to 2,8 [2,1;3,7] and from 0,7 [0,6;0,9] to 0,1 [0,0;0,9]. The proportion of clinical cases with no RJA/WI without reason varied from 0 (when excluding neglect) to &gt; 85% (with broadest definition); all corresponded to a possible isolated neglect.

Conclusions
The performances of the algorithm varied tremendously according to the clinical definition level of child maltreatment. Neglect is obviously difficult to clinically detect. Training for healthcare professionals and qualitative studies on obstacles to RJA/WI should be added to this work.

Key messages
The performances of an algorithm to detect non-accidental pediatric burns (maltreatment) using the French hospital discharge database dropped when including neglect, difficult to diagnose clinically. Training for healthcare professionals and qualitative studies on obstacles to the judicial authority (RJA) or worrying information (WI) should be added to this diagnostic study.
Géodes: the health indicators web portal of the French Public Health Agency
Authors: Lucas E , Guillet A , Bonaldi C , Caserio-Schönemann C , Le Strat Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency, produce numerous health indicators (diseases or health determinants) from many different data sources (specific or unspecific surveillance systems, epidemiological and behavioural surveys, administrative databases). In order to improve visibility and accessibility of these indicators, a web portal “Géodes” was created.

Methods
Géodes was built with Géoclip Air© developped by a French start-up. This ergonomic tool allows to explore the geographical dimension of health indicators through interactive maps along with graphs and tables. In addition, Géodes is designed to explore the temporal dimension of indicators produced yearly or weekly through dynamic maps or time series. All indicators are linked to an explanatory sheets. Description, sources, precisions or limits of interpretation are discribed. It is also easy to present indicators in interactive tables, exportable in different formats such as Excel spreadsheets.

Results
Since February 1st 2019, Géodes is available online without any access restriction (https://geodes.santepubliquefrance.fr). Over 300 health indicators are provided related to infectious and chronic diseases, occupational and environmental health, behaviours, emergency departement attendances, etc. An indicator is either a number of cases, a proportion or an incidence rate. Most indicators are stratified by categories such as sex or age group. It is possible to represent two indicators on a single map, e.g. the smoking prevalence and the standardised rate of lung cancer.

Conclusions
The days following the opening to the public, the site recorded up to 10,000 connections per day. In routine, the site knows up to 200 visits per day, up to 3,000 in case of quoting aparticular indicator in the media. These figures show that this health data observatory meet a real need.

Key messages
A web portal of health indicators created by Santé Publique France is now available. More than 300 health indicators are integrated in the portal. Indicators can be visualized through interactive maps, tables and time series and their values are easily exportable and communicable.
Injury profile and healthcare expenditure of cyclists admitted in intensive care units
Authors: Papadakaki M , Gnardellis C h , Tsalkanis A , Stamouli M A , Petelos E , Morandi A , Otte D , Sarris M , Tzamalouka G , Chliaoutakis J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The current paper is part of the EU-funded REHABILAID Project and aims to describe the profile of cyclists sustaining severe injuries in a road traffic incident as well as the healthcare costs associated with their injury, including hospitalization costs and out-of-pocket expenditure.

Methods
Seven public hospitals were involved; Greece=5, Italy=1 and Germany=1. Both the intensive care units (ICU) and sub-intensive care units (as high-dependency areas) were involved. Participants enrolled during a 12-month period starting from April 2013 and were followed for one year from admission date. The study used widely recommended classifications for injury severity (AIS-Update 2008, MAIS). Information on the injury was retrieved upon patients’ consent, from medical records while interviews were carried out at months 1,6,12 for personal and cost-related information. Health Care Expenditure was assessed through the MUARC’s framework. Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) were used to estimate hospitalization costs.

Results
120 subjects enrolled in the study in total and 14 were cyclists(Greece=1, Germany=3, Italy=10). Most of them were men(n = 9, 64.3%), with a mean age of 55.5 years (SD16.3;min 32-max 84). As for the current incidents, the majority occurred at city roads (n = 10;71.4%), straight roads (n = 9;64.3%) and intersections (n = 3;21.4%). Many were single-vehicle (n = 4;28.6%), lateral (n = 4;28.6%) and front-lateral (n = 3;21.4%). Half of the cyclists sustained an injury of MAIS3+ severity (n = 7;50.0%). A major injury was primarily sustained at the lower extremities (n = 10;71.4%), head (n = 7;50.0%), face (5=35.7%) and upper extremities (n = 5;35.7%). The mean total hospitalization cost was 5815,6(min 209,00-max 20.647,00) and the mean direct costs arising from injury was 4.047,5(min 0,0-max 24.670,00).

Conclusions
Individual differences need to be taken into account in future injury prevention efforts as well as in attempts to improve healthcare system’s response to road victims.

Key messages
Systematic collection of data relevant to health condition and economics of the victims is necessary at European level. Personalized rehabilitation plans are necessary to facilitate the recovery process of victims.
Knowledge and sexual behaviors of transgender individuals faced with the risk of STI/HIV in Benin
Authors: Hessou S , Glele Ahanhanzo Y , Kpozehouen A , Biaou A , Yadouleton T , Sodoloufo O , Capo-Chichi V , Dossoh B , Gnanhoui-David B , Nelson M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The issue of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) cannot be solved without considering the transgender population. This research aims to describe the knowledge, attitudes and sexual behaviors of transgender individuals faced with the risk of STIs and HIV/AIDS in Benin.

Methods
Transgender individuals were selected by respondent-driven sampling throughout the country in 2017. Included in this analysis were individuals who identified as transgender and adopted its mode of expression, aged 15 years and greater, and who gave their consent to participate.

Results
A total of 308 transgender individuals were surveyed, of which 89.6% were of male gender at birth. The participants had a good level of knowledge in the matter of STI and HIV/AIDS. In fact, 99.9% among them cited at least one symptom of STIs; 95.1% cited the three main methods of transmission of HIV and 54% are aware the risk of sexual transmission of HIV is higher between men. Participants were more than 90% likely to declare a positive attitude to care for persons living with HIV (PLWHIV) or to share the same room with them (93.2%). Concerning sexual behaviors, the average age at the first sexual encounter as a transgender individual was 14 years old. During the last three months, transgender individuals declared three regular male partners on average. The usage of condoms during the last sexual intercourse was reported in 86.6% of cases. Knowledge of the serological status of the sexual partner (31.7%) and the loss of sensation induced by the condom (26.8%) constituted the main reasons of non-usage of condoms.

Conclusions
Although adopting some risky sexual behavior, transgender individuals are a population that is relatively well informed and with favorable attitudes regarding STIs and HIV/AIDS. These factors are significant assets to be considered in the development of programs for STIs and HIV/AIDS control.

Key messages
Transgender individuals good level of knowledge is an asset for STIs/HIV control. Sexual multi-partnership seems to be common despite a good level of knowledge.
Intervention research partnerships: enablers for activating health in all policies approach?
Authors: Porcherie M , Bader C , Faure E , Roué le Gall A , Vaillant Z , Thomas M F , Rican S , Héritage Z , Simos J , Cantorregi N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Action on the determinants of health and equity involves the participation of all sectors, including non-health sectors. Understanding the opportunities and constraints to engage in the complex issue of health inequalities requires opening the black box of policy making. It also requires close interaction between field actors and researchers. This paper will aim to analyze the modalities of collaboration between researchers and field actors in the service of knowledge sharing, within the GREENH-City project.

Methods
The GREENH-City project was built in an interdisciplinary and intersectoral manner and involves close collaboration with the WHO French Healthy Cities Network (FHCN). Its objective is to characterize the most promising health interventions in all policies at the city level to promote equity through green space policies. Based on the knowledge sharing model and the theory of diffusion of innovations, we will analyze how this research allows initiating collaborations between the different municipal sectors on health issues.

Results
The intervention nature of the project seems to help the dissemination of collaborations, particularly between health services and green space services within the cities of the FHCN. The analysis, using theoretical models, of the body of empirical data collected from cities will make it possible to identify the levers and collateral effects activated by the research project.

Discussion
The GREENH-City project was built on the basis of an interventional research framework. This choice was made precisely because of the interaction it induces between researchers and practice environments. Initial empirical results suggest that it promotes the dissemination of knowledge, a necessary first step in the evolution of practices. Indeed, the effective appropriation of research results can only be assessed in the long term and must take into account the contextual elements specific to each FHCN involved in the research.

Key messages
Implementation of interventional research helps to engage fields collaborations. Health in all policies may be supported by a research project at the local level.