bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral arterial disease and type 2 diabetes: Older patients still exhibit a survival benefit from glucose control
Authors: Höbaus Clemens , Herz Carsten Thilo , Wrba Thomas , Koppensteiner Renate , Schernthaner Gerit-Holger 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To investigate a possible beneficial effect of strict glycaemic control on all-cause mortality in patients with peripheral arterial disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 367 mainly older peripheral arterial disease patients [age: 69 (62–78) years, 34% women, Fontaine stage I–II] were categorized according to glycaemic control, that is, (a) no type 2 diabetes mellitus, (b) strict glucose control (HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol) and (c) lenient glucose control (HbA1c ⩾ 53 mmol/mol) at inclusion and by mean HbA1c over the first study year. Mortality was analysed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox-regression analyses after 7 years. Results: The combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus and peripheral arterial disease reduced survival from 78.8% to 68.9% in comparison to patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus ( p = 0.023). Patients with strict glucose control (75%) were associated with increased survival in comparison to patients with lenient glucose control (58.9%) stratified by mean HbA1c ( p = 0.042). Baseline cardiovascular risk factors were similar in those type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. In this peripheral arterial disease cohort HbA1c (hazard ratio: 1.3, 1.04–1.63), age (hazard ratio: 1.7, 1.3–2.3) and C-reactive protein (hazard ratio: 1.5, 1.2–2.0) remained independent associates for mortality adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes duration. Conclusion: Older patients with peripheral arterial disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus still benefit from strict glucose control in a cohort of patients with similar distribution of cardiovascular risk factors.
Getting the Starting Point Right: Prevention of Skiving and Fibular Cortical Breach During Suture Button Placement for Syndesmotic Ankle Injuries
Authors: Kaiser Philip B. , Cronin Patrick , Stenquist Derek S. , Miller Christopher P. , Velasco Brian T. , Kwon John Y. 
Published: April 2020

The use of suture button (SB) devices in the treatment of syndesmotic ankle injuries is increasing. These constructs have demonstrated better syndesmotic reduction, improved clinical outcomes, and lower rates of hardware removal compared with screw fixation. However, placing a SB device without a fibular plate can be technically challenging. In this technique tip, we use an illustrative case to demonstrate a technique tip that minimizes the risk of anterior or posterior cortical breach of the fibula and helps facilitate more accurate placement of a SB device. Levels of Evidence: Level V: Expert opinion
Complications and Return to Activity After Arthroscopic Repair of Isolated Type II SLAP Lesions: A Systematic Review Comparing Knotted Versus Knotless Suture Anchors
Authors: Knapik Derrick M. , Kolaczko Jensen G. , Gillespie Robert J. , Salata Michael J. , Voos James E. 
Published: April 2020

Background: Superior labral anterior to posterior (SLAP) tears are one of the most common injuries to the shoulder, with the type II variant representing the most frequently encountered subtype. Purpose: To systematically review the literature to better understand outcomes after arthroscopic repair of isolated type II SLAP lesions using knotted versus knotless anchors based on implant number, implant location, patient position, and portal position. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review investigating all studies in the literature between January 2000 and June 2019 reporting on patients undergoing arthroscopic repair for isolated type II SLAP lesions using knotted versus knotless suture anchors was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using the PubMed, BIOSIS Previews, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and Embase databases. Results: A total of 234 patients undergoing isolated arthroscopic repair of type II SLAP lesions using suture anchors were identified, with 76% (179/234) treated using knotted anchors versus 24% (55/234) treated using knotless anchors. Complications were reported in 12% of patients treated using knotted anchors versus no patients treated using knotless anchors ( P = .008). The incidence of complications for knotted anchor repair was not significantly affected by patient position ( P = .22) or portal position ( P = .19). Using multiple regression analysis, we found no significant association with the incidence of complications when analyzing for anchor design ( R 2 = 0.02; P = .06) or anchor position ( R 2 = 0.02; P = .92). No significant difference in return-to-activity timing was appreciated based on anchor type ( P = .28), patient position ( P = .98), or portal position ( P = .97) in patients treated using knotted anchors. Conclusion: Patients treated using knotted anchors were significantly more likely to experience a postoperative complication compared with patients treated using knotless anchors after arthroscopic repair of isolated type II SLAP lesions. Despite the increased incidence of a postoperative complication after knotted anchor fixation compared with knotless anchor fixation, multiple regression analysis showed that anchor design and anchor position were not significantly predictive of the incidence of complications. Given the increasing popularity of knotless anchor fixation, further study on the long-term outcomes after knotless repair for isolated type II SLAP lesions is warranted.
Improving adherence to pulmonary hypertension screening in patients with systemic sclerosis: Overcoming the provider-level barriers
Authors: Wigger Gregory W , Zafar Muhammad A , Elwing Jean M 
Published: April 2020

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a life-limiting complication in patients with systemic sclerosis. Current recommendations suggest a minimum screening of an annual transthoracic echocardiogram and pulmonary function test. We hypothesize that modifiable provider-level hurdles contribute to inadequate screening and can be alleviated. Methods and Results: We performed a longitudinal study over 23 months of all systemic sclerosis patients seen in pulmonary and/or rheumatology clinics. Pulmonary arterial hypertension screening was measured monthly as percentage of patients with up-to-date transthoracic echocardiogram and pulmonary function test out of the total systemic sclerosis patients with an outpatient encounter that month. Tests were considered “up-to-date” if they were performed 12 months prior or within the next 6 months post-encounter. Baseline adherence to PAH screening was assessed using a 9-month preproject period. Physicians in rheumatology and pulmonary clinics were surveyed for knowledge and perceived as barriers to screening. Interventions focused on provider-level hurdles to improve the screening rate to >90%. Adherence to systemic sclerosis–associated pulmonary arterial hypertension was compared between baseline and post-intervention phases as a continuous variable using nonparametric Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test and as categorical variable using chi-square test for overall adherence rate. A total of 18 providers were surveyed, of which 67% knew minimal screening recommendations and 44% identified “difficulty ordering tests” as a barrier. Our interventions were as follows: (1) didactic education and literature dissemination and (2) best practice alert in the electronic medical record to facilitate just-in-time ordering of screening. Adherence was measured for 23 months, comprising 166 systemic sclerosis patients. Monthly adherence to pulmonary arterial hypertension screening increased by 10.4% (69.2%–79.6%, p = 0.01 with chi-square and p = 0.09 with Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon test), with an increase in transthoracic echocardiogram by 7.5% and pulmonary function test by 4.9%. Conclusion: Provider-level hurdles contribute to sub-optimal systemic sclerosis–associated pulmonary arterial hypertension screening. Lack of knowledge and difficulty in ordering tests were major barriers. Structured education and decision-support aids improve screening. These interventions, however, were insufficient to improve screening to a goal target of >90%.
Identifying GPCR-drug interaction based on wordbook learning from sequences
Authors: Wang Pu , Huang Xiaotong , Qiu Wangren , Xiao Xuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate a variety of important physiological functions, are closely related to many diseases, and constitute the most important target family of modern drugs. Therefore, the research of GPCR analysis and GPCR ligand screening is the hotspot of new drug development. Accurately identifying the GPCR-drug interaction is one of the key steps for designing GPCR-targeted drugs. However, it is prohibitively expensive to experimentally ascertain the interaction of GPCR-drug pairs on a large scale. Therefore, it is of great significance to predict the interaction of GPCR-drug pairs directly from the molecular sequences. With the accumulation of known GPCR-drug interaction data, it is feasible to develop sequence-based machine learning models for query GPCR-drug pairs.

Results
In this paper, a new sequence-based method is proposed to identify GPCR-drug interactions. For GPCRs, we use a novel bag-of-words (BoW) model to extract sequence features, which can extract more pattern information from low-order to high-order and limit the feature space dimension. For drug molecules, we use discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to extract higher-order pattern information from the original molecular fingerprints. The feature vectors of two kinds of molecules are concatenated and input into a simple prediction engine distance-weighted K-nearest-neighbor (DWKNN). This basic method is easy to be enhanced through ensemble learning. Through testing on recently constructed GPCR-drug interaction datasets, it is found that the proposed methods are better than the existing sequence-based machine learning methods in generalization ability, even an unconventional method in which the prediction performance was further improved by post-processing procedure (PPP).

Conclusions
The proposed methods are effective for GPCR-drug interaction prediction, and may also be potential methods for other target-drug interaction prediction, or protein-protein interaction prediction. In addition, the new proposed feature extraction method for GPCR sequences is the modified version of the traditional BoW model and may be useful to solve problems of protein classification or attribute prediction. The source code of the proposed methods is freely available for academic research at https://github.com/wp3751/GPCR-Drug-Interaction.
Genome-wide genetic structure and selection signatures for color in 10 traditional Chinese yellow-feathered chicken breeds
Authors: Huang Xunhe , Otecko Newton O. , Peng Minsheng , Weng Zhuoxian , Li Weina , Chen Jiebo , Zhong Ming , Zhong Fusheng , Jin Sihua , Geng Zhaoyu , Luo Wei , He Danlin , Ma Cheng , Han Jianlin , Ommeh Sheila C. , Zhang Yaping , Zhang Xiquan , Du Bingwang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Yellow-feathered chickens (YFCs) have a long history in China. They are well-known for the nutritional and commercial importance attributable to their yellow color phenotype. Currently, there is a huge paucity in knowledge of the genetic determinants responsible for phenotypic and biochemical properties of these iconic chickens. This study aimed to uncover the genetic structure and the molecular underpinnings of the YFCs trademark coloration.

Results
The whole-genomes of 100 YFCs from 10 major traditional breeds and 10 Huaibei partridge chickens from China were re-sequenced. Comparative population genomics based on autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed three geographically based clusters among the YFCs. Compared to other Chinese indigenous chicken genomes incorporated from previous studies, a closer genetic proximity within YFC breeds than between YFC breeds and other chicken populations is evident. Through genome-wide scans for selective sweeps, we identified RALY heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (RALY), leucine rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4), solute carrier family 23 member 2 (SLC23A2), and solute carrier family 2 member 14 (SLC2A14), besides the classical beta-carotene dioxygenase 2 (BCDO2), as major candidates pigment determining genes in the YFCs.

Conclusion
We provide the first comprehensive genomic data of the YFCs. Our analyses show phylogeographical patterns among the YFCs and potential candidate genes giving rise to the yellow color trait of the YFCs. This study lays the foundation for further research on the genome-phenotype cross-talks that define important poultry traits and for formulating genetic breeding and conservation strategies for the YFCs.
The erector spinae plane block causes only cutaneous sensory loss on ipsilateral posterior thorax: a prospective observational volunteer study
Authors: Zhang Jingxiong , He Yuting , Wang Shi , Chen Zhengjie , Zhang Yu , Gao Yuan , Wang Quanguang , Xia Yun , Papadimos Thomas J. , Zhou Riyong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Ultrasound-guided erector spine plane (ESP) block is widely used in perioperative analgesia for back, chest and abdominal surgery. The extent and distribution of this block remain controversial. This study was performed to assess the analgesia range of an ultrasound-guided ESP block.

Methods
This prospective observational volunteer study consisted of 12 healthy volunteers. All volunteers received an erector spinae plane block at the left T5 transverse process using real-time ultrasound guidance. Measured the cutaneous sensory loss area (CSLA) and cutaneous sensory declination area (CSDA) using cold stimulation at different time points after blockade until its disappearance. The CSLA and CSDA were mapped and then calculated. The block range was described by spinous process level and lateral extension. The effective block duration for each volunteer was determined and recorded.

Results
The cold sensory loss concentrates at T6-T9. The decline concentrates primarily at T4-T11. The lateral diffusion of block to the left side did not cross the posterior axillary line, and reached the posterior median line on the right. The area of cutaneous sensory loss was (172 ± 57) cm2, and the area of cutaneous sensory decline was (414 ± 143) cm2. The duration of cutaneous sensory decline was (586 ± 28) minutes.

Conclusion
Ultrasound-guided erector spine plane block with 20 mL of 0. 5% ropivacaine provided a widespread cutaneous sensory block in the posterior thorax, but did not reach the anterior chest, lateral chest, or abdominal walls. The range of the blockade suggested that the dorsal branch of spinal nerve was blocked.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, CHiCTR1800014438. Registered 13 January 2018
Comparison of the new flexible tip bougie catheter and standard bougie stylet for tracheal intubation by anesthesiologists in different difficult airway scenarios: a randomized crossover trial
Authors: Ruetzler Kurt , Smereka Jacek , Abelairas-Gomez Cristian , Frass Michael , Dabrowski Marek , Bialka Szymon , Misiolek Hanna , Plusa Tadeusz , Robak Oliver , Aniolek Olga , Ladny Jerzy Robert , Gorczyca Damian , Ahuja Sanchit , Szarpak Lukasz 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncidence of difficult endotracheal intubation ranges between 3 and 10%. Bougies have been recommended as an airway adjunct for difficult intubation, but reported success rates are variable. A new generation flexible tip bougie appears promising but was not investigated so far. We therefore compared the new flexible tip with a standard bougie in simulated normal and difficult airway scenarios, and used by experienced anesthesiologists.MethodsWe conducted a observational, randomized, cross-over simulation study. Following standardized training, experienced anesthesiologists performed endotracheal intubation using a Macintosh blade and one of the bougies in six different airway scenarios in a randomized sequence: normal airway, tongue edema, pharyngeal obstruction, manual cervical inline stabilization, cervical collar stabilization, cervical collar stabilization and pharyngeal obstruction.Overall success rate with a maximum of 3 intubation attempts was the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints included number of intubation attempts, time to intubation and dental compression.ResultsThirty-two anesthesiologist participated in this study between January 2019 and May 2019. Overall success rate was similar for the flexible tip bougie and the standard bougie. The flexible tip bougie tended to need less intubation attempts in more difficult airway scenarios. Time to intubation was less if using the flexible tip bougie compared to the standard bougie. Reduced severity of dental compression was noted for the flexible tip bougie in difficult airway scenarios except cervical collar stabilization.ConclusionIn this simulation study of normal and difficult airways scenarios, overall success rate was similar for the flexible tip and standard bougie. Especially in more difficult airway scenarios, less intubation attempts, and less optimization maneuvers were needed if using the flexible tip bougie.Trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT03733158. 7th November 2018.
Pseudoanginal chest pain associated with vagal nerve stimulation: a case report
Authors: Nichols James B. , McCallum Abigail P. , Khattar Nicolas K. , Wei George Z. , Gopinathannair Rakesh , Nauta Haring J. W. , Neimat Joseph S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) can be an effective therapy for patients with epilepsy refractory to anti-epileptic drugs or intracranial surgery. While generally well tolerated, it has been associated with laryngospasm, hoarseness, coughing, dyspnea, throat and atypical chest pain, cardiac symptoms such as bradycardia and occasionally asystole. We report on a patient receiving vagal nerve stimulation who experienced severe typical anginal chest pain during VNS firing without any evidence of cardiac ischemia or dysfunction. Thus, the pain appeared to be neuropathic from the stimulation itself rather than nociceptive secondary to an effect on heart function.

Case presentation
A 29-year-old man, with a history of intractable frontal lobe epilepsy refractory to seven anti-epileptic medications and subsequent intracranial surgery, underwent VNS implantation without complications. On beginning stimulation, he began to have intermittent chest pain that corresponded temporally to his intermittent VNS firing. The description of his pain was pathognomonic of ischemic cardiac chest pain. On initial evaluation, he displayed Levine’s sign and reported crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left arm, as well as shortness of breath walking upstairs that improved with rest. He underwent an extensive cardiac workup, including 12-lead ECG, cardiac stress test, echocardiogram, 12-day ambulatory cardiac monitoring, and continuous ECG monitoring each with and without stimulation of his device. The workup was consistently negative. Inability to resolve the pain necessitated the disabling and eventual removal of the device.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first report of pseudoanginal chest pain associated with VNS. This occurrence prompted our review of the mechanisms of cardiac chest pain and suggests that vagal afferents may convey anginal pain separately or in parallel with known spinal cord pain mechanisms. These insights into the physiology of chest pain may be of general interest and important to surgeons implanting VNS devices who may potentially encounter such symptoms.
Parental knowledge and attitudes to childhood hearing loss and hearing services in Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsudays Ali Mohammed , Alharbi Abdulmajeed Abdullah , Althunayyan Faris Saleh , Alsudays Abdulrahman Abdullah , Alanazy Sultan Mohammed , Al-Wutay Osama , Alenezi Mazyad Marji 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Successful audiology service delivery depends on support from the community, and agreement to utilize hearing healthcare programs. Assessment of parents’ awareness regarding hearing loss (HL) and audiology services is necessary for the development of suitable hearing programs for children. Previous studies reported that early detection and intervention for hearing problems are typically strongly supported by parents. The current study sought to evaluate parents’ knowledge and attitudes regarding childhood HL and hearing services.

Methods
A cross-sectional study conducted at five centers in Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. A self-report questionnaire was administered to collect demographic data in addition to 31 questions regarding the knowledge and attitudes of parents toward HL. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21 was used for data analysis. A p-value cut-off point of 0.05 at 95% CI was used to determine statistical significance. The analyses examined the association between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge and attitudes toward HL using chi-square tests.

Results
Overall, participants included in this study were 243 participants. Of these, 105 (43.2%) were fathers, and 138 (56.8%) were mothers. Ages ranged from 21 to 60+ years. Assessment of the prevalence of various aspects of knowledge and attitudes among parents toward childhood HL revealed that 103 participants (42.4%) possessed good knowledge, while 140 participants (57.6%) possessed poor knowledge. In contrast, the attitude analysis revealed that 224 participants (92.2%) expressed positive attitudes, while only 19 participants (07.8%) showed a negative attitude regarding audiology services. We found a significant association between age group and knowledge (p = 0.002).

Conclusion
Most parents in our sample possessed poor knowledge regarding childhood HL. However, most parents expressed positive attitudes regarding audiology services. The current findings suggest a need to increase awareness among parents regarding childhood HL.
How an electronic health record became a real-world research resource: comparison between London’s Whole Systems Integrated Care database and the Clinical Practice Research Datalink
Authors: Bottle Alex , Cohen Carole , Lucas Amanda , Saravanakumar Kavitha , Ul-Haq Zia , Smith Wayne , Majeed Azeem , Aylin Paul 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
In the UK, several initiatives have resulted in the creation of local data warehouses of electronic patient records. Originally developed for commissioning and direct patient care, they are potentially useful for research, but little is known about them outside their home area. We describe one such local warehouse, the Whole Systems Integrated Care (WSIC) database in NW London, and its potential for research as the “Discover” platform. We compare Discover with the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), a popular UK research database also based on linked primary care records.

Methods
We describe the key features of the Discover database, including scope, architecture and governance; descriptive analyses compare the population demographics and chronic disease prevalences with those in CPRD.

Results
As of June 2019, Discover held records for a total of 2.3 million currently registered patients, or 95% of the NW London population; CPRD held records for over 11 million. The Discover population matches the overall age-sex distribution of the UK and CPRD but is more ethnically diverse. Most Discover chronic disease prevalences were comparable to the national rates. Unlike CPRD, Discover has identifiable care organisations and postcodes, allowing mapping and linkage to healthcare provider variables such as staffing, and includes contacts with social, community and mental health care. Discover also includes a consent-to-contact register of over 3000 volunteers to date for prospective studies.

Conclusions
Like CPRD, Discover has been a number of years in the making, is a valuable research tool, and can serve as a model for other areas developing similar data warehouses.