bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of epidural bupivacaine and fentanyl for labour analgesia: An observational longitudnal study
Authors: Mirza Meesam , Najeeb Rukhsana , Masoodi Tahir 
Published: November 2020

Labour is a physiological process which is associated with most severe pain. Goal of labour analgesia should be to ensure painless labour without any side effect. Various methods have been used to alleviate pain during labour but the only consistently effective method is lumbar epidural analgesia. Since higher doses of local anaesthetics cause undesirable effects like motor block and hemodynamic changes, adjuvants like opioids are used.The present study evaluates the clinical effectiveness of continuous lumbar epidural for vaginal delivery using 0.0625% bupivacaine with 2.5 mcg/ml of fentanyl. 91 patients admitted to Lalladed hospital govt medical college Srinagar for vaginal delivery and who were in active labour were given first loading dose of 10ml 0.25% plain bupivacaine via epidural catheter followed by continuous epidural infusion of 0.0625% bupivacaine with 2.5 mcg/ml fentanyl @ 12ml/hr. the parturients were assessed for onset and duration of analgesia, hemodynamics, sensory block, mode of delivery, and APGAR(neonatal outcome). Onset of analgesia was significantly faster(10 min). The duration of analgesia was also longer. There were no significant hemodynamic changes. No motor block was seen. 1 min and 5 min APGAR scores were comparable. It was concluded that epidural labour analgesia with low dose bupivacaine (0.0625%) with fentanyl (2.5mcg/ml) given through continuous infusion technique provides good pain relief to the parturient in labour with increased maternal satisfaction without significant maternal or fetal side effects.
Taylors approach as a savior in difficult spine anatomy
Authors: Halder Bivash , Narayan Anil Kumar , Shandilya Ajay S 
Published: November 2020

We report a case which was managed by spinal anaesthesia using Taylor's approach. The patient had an altered spine anatomy due to previous L4-L5 laminectomy and discectomy with L4, L5, S1 transpedicular fixation and fusion. Patient's history of post-operative confusion and apprehension about general anaesthesia (GA) made spinal anaesthesia our first choice. However, in view of the altered spine anatomy, Taylor's approach was used successfully to manage anaesthesia to avoid GA.Although SAB is a relative contraindication for patient with history of previous spine surgery mostly due to altered spine anatomy, SAB can be safely administered via Taylor’s approach when general anaesthesia has to be avoided.
Geografía e historia en Iberoamérica: síntesis de su evolución y consideraciones contemporáneas
Authors: García Valladares Miguel Enrique 
Published: November 2020

¿Qué tanta cercanía hay o ha habido entre geógrafos e historiadores, si se supone que hay una afinidad?, ¿qué aspectos teórico-metodológicos habría que tomar en cuenta para que la interdisciplina sea efectiva?, ¿qué se está haciendo desde Iberoamérica? Esto es lo que algunos geógrafos e historiadores tratan de responder en el libro Geografía e historia en Iberoamérica: síntesis de su evolución y consideraciones contemporáneas, publicado en 2015 por el Instituto de Geografía de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, al reflexionar sobre las practicas geográfica e historiográfica iberoamericanas.
El presupuesto de culto en la Argentina del siglo XIX. Debates historiográficos y un estudio de caso: Tucumán, 1861-1897
Authors: Abalo Esteban 
Published: November 2020

La asignación de fondos por parte del Estado para financiar el culto católico en Argentina ha sido y es un tema de discusión tanto en el ámbito académico como fuera de él. El significado de esos aportes, su pertinencia, su origen histórico, son algunas de las cuestiones que se han discutido durante gran parte del siglo XX y los años que corren del actual. En el presente artículo se propone hacer una revisión de algunas de las conclusiones a las cuales llegaron investigaciones precedentes, tanto en el pasado más o menos remoto, como en la actualidad. Por último, se pretende poner a discusión esas conclusiones con el estudio de un caso particular: el presupuesto estatal de culto en la provincia de Tucumán durante las últimas cuatro décadas del siglo XIX.
Las relaciones cívico-militares en Argentina y Uruguay: una revisión bibliográfica de sus tempranos devenires (1900-1930)
Authors: Goldentul Analía 
Published: November 2020

Este trabajo se propone realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre los cambios operados en la esfera de las relaciones cívico-militares en Argentina y Uruguay durante las primeras tres décadas del siglo xx. A través de una perspectiva histórica y comparativa se revisan los factores explicativos que distintos historiadores y cientistas sociales privilegiaron para dar cuenta de las condiciones de acumulación de poder de las fuerzas armadas, en un periodo en el que estas atravesaron importantes cambios internos (doctrinarios y organizacionales) y externos (referidos a las relaciones que mantuvieron con el sistema político y la sociedad civil). La hipótesis que guía el análisis sugiere que entre 1900 y 1930 las fuerzas armadas argentinas lograron constituirse en un poder militar, mientras que en Uruguay las mismas tendieron a ser relegadas de la escena política y social.
La cooperación internacional en el ciberperiodismo ecuatoriano
Authors: Levoyer Saudia 
Published: November 2020

La expansión de los cibermedios ecuatorianos contó con el apoyo de la cooperación internacional, interesada en el fortalecimiento del sistema democrático y la libertad de expresión. Las ONG internacionales, con apoyo de las que se encuentran en Ecuador, invirtieron en capacitación y capitales semilla. Este proceso arrancó cuando la relación entre el gobierno de Rafael Correa (2007-2017) y los medios de comunicación de información se tensó y los periodistas migraron a la web, para continuar con su trabajo.
Plan V y Periodismo de Investigación son dos de los proyectos que recibieron fondos para desarrollarse. Esta forma de financiamiento puede considerarse como una variante del modelo de negocio patrocinado.
Esta investigación, que es de tipo descriptivo, busca determinar cómo se establece la ayuda de la cooperación internacional a los cibermedios, para lo cual se realizaron entrevistas a profundidad a los voceros de las ONG locales, como Fundamedios y FOPE; una internacional, como Freedom House; y a los representantes de los cibermedios Plan V y Periodismo de Investigación. Este trabajo forma parte de una investigación financiada por la Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, sede Ecuador.
Prevalence and Distribution of Hepatitis C Virus in Iranian Drug User: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: Najimi-Varzaneh Alireza , Gholami-Fesharaki Mohammad 
Published: November 2020

Context: Hepatitis C, as a major public health problem, has serious complications and drug users are the highest risk group for it.Objectives: As the importance of this subject, the current study has been done to estimate the pooled prevalence and distribution of hepatitis c virus in Iranian Drug User.Evidence Acquisition: Articles were identified through international searching databases including PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Google Scholar and Web of Science and Iranian scientific information database (SID), Health. barakatkns, IranDoc, Civilica and MagIran. We reviewed systematically all studies reporting the prevalence of HCV Iranian Drug User.Results: 227 records were identified by the electronic search, of which 62 studies were identified as relevant papers which were meta-analyzed for the pooled HCV prevalence. Overall, prevalence of HCV was 42.01 %( 36.83%-47.20%) in Iranian drug user.Conclusion: Our meta-analysis study showed that HCV prevalence is high in drug users in Iran. With respect to the high prevalence of Hepatitis C among Drug User, ongoing preventive actions for this group are recommended.
Use of Stochastic Volatility Models in Epidemiological Data: Application to a Dengue Time Series in São Paulo City, Brazil
Authors: Alberto Achcar Jorge , Puziol de Oliveira Ricardo , Barili Emerson 
Published: November 2020

Background: A study on the dengue daily counting in São Paulo city in a fixed period of time is assumed considering a new regression model approch.
Methods: Under a Bayesian approach, it is introduced a polynomial linear regression model in presence of some covariates which could affect the counts of dengue in São Paulo city considered in the logarithm scale, combined with existing stochastic volatility models usually assumed in financial data analysis. Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods are used to get the posterior summaries of interest.
Results: The new model approach showed some advantages when compared to other existing times series models usually used to model epidemics data.
Conclusion: The use of the polynomial regression model combined with existing volatility models under a Bayesian approach showed that it is possible to get very accurate fit for the counting dengue data in São Paulo city where it is possible to jointly model the means and volatilities (variances) of the epidemiological dengue time series.
Bayesian Joint Modeling of Skew-Positive Longitudinal-Survival Data Using Birnbaum-Saunders Distribution
Authors: Jafari-Koshki Tohid , Hosseini Sayed Mohsen , Arsang-Jang Shahram 
Published: November 2020

Background: There has been a great interest in joint modeling of longitudinal and survival data in recent two decades. Joint models have less restrictive assumptions in multivariate modeling and could address various research questions. This has led to their wide applications in practice. However, earlier models had normality assumption on the distribution in longitudinal part that is usually violated in real data. Hence, recent research have focused on circumventing this issue. Using various skewed distributions has been proposed and applied in the literature. Nevertheless, the flexibility of the proposed methods is limited especially when the data are skew positive.
Methods: In this paper, we introduce the use of Birnbaum-Saunders (BS) distribution in joint modeling context. BS distribution is more flexible and could cover a wide range of skew, kurtotic or bimodal data.
Results: We analyzed publicly available ddI/ddC data both with normal and BS distributions in Bayesian setting and compared their fit by Widely Applicable Information Criterion (WAIC). The joint BS model showed a better fit to the data.
Conclusion: We introduced and applied BS distribution in joint modeling of longitudinal-survival data. Using multi-parameter distributions such as BS in Bayesian setting could improve the fit of models without limitations that arise in transformation of data from original scale.
The Topp Leone Kumaraswamy-G Family of Distributions with Applications to Cancer Disease Data
Authors: Sule Ibrahim , Ibrahim Doguwa Sani , Isah Audu , Muhammad Jibril Haruna 
Published: November 2020

Background: In the last few years, statisticians have introduced new generated families of univariate distributions. These new generators are obtained by adding one or more extra shape parameters to the underlying distribution to get more flexibility in fitting data in different areas such as medical sciences, economics, finance and environmental sciences. The addition of parameter(s) has been proven useful in exploring tail properties and also for improving the goodness-of-fit of the family of distributions under study.
Methods: A new three-parameter family of distributions was introduced by using the idea of T-X methodology. Some statistical properties of the new family were derived and studied.
Results: A new Topp Leone Kumaraswamy-G family of distributions was introduced. Two special sub-models, that is, the Topp Leone Kumaraswamy exponential distribution and Topp Leone Kumaraswamy log-logistic distribution were investigated. Two real data sets were used to assess the flexibility of the sub-models.
Conclusion: The results suggest that the two sub-models performed better than their competitors.
The Epidemiological, Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Ischemic Stroke in Ardabil Province, Iran: a Hospital Based Study
Authors: Fattahzadeh-Ardalani Ghasem , Sharghi Afshan , Atalu Abolfazl , Noori Farzad 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Stroke is the third most common cause of death in world after heart diseases and cancer. Due to the higher rate of stroke and less attention to its occurrence, assessing the prevalence of ischemic brain stroke and its clinical patterns across countries and nations such as Iran could be valuable and important.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological, Risk factor and clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke in Ardabil province.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study has been done on 676 patients with ischemic stroke who referred to Ardabil city hospital during at year 2018. Data collected by using a checklist including demographic and clinical data of patients. Collected data were analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 21. The p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Of all patients, 294 (43.5%) were female and rest of them were male. The mean age of patients was 69.3±13.2 years. Of all patients, 25.3% arrived to the hospital in less than 4.5 hours. The difference between arrival time to the hospital in rural and urban patients was significant. The most risk factors were seen in both sexes was HTN and in female only was DM and in male only was CVA. The results of CT and MRI showed that 30% and 64.9% of patients had lesion respectively that of them the most lesion in MRI was SMALL VESSEL and in CT was Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA).
Conclusion: Results showed that the patients who live in urban areas arrive to emergency sooner than rural patients. The significant relation was seen between AF, residence place and valvular with arriving time to hospital.
Review of Random Survival Forest method
Authors: Rezaei Majid , Tapak Leili , Alimohammadian Masoomeh , Sadjadi Alireza , Yaseri Mehdi 
Published: November 2020

Background: Over the past years, there has been a great deal of interest in applying statistical machine learning methods to survival analysis. Ensemble-based methods, especially random survival forest, have been developed in various fields, especially medical sciences, due to their high accuracy and non-parametric nature and applicability in high-dimensional data sets. This paper aims to provide a methodological review and how to use random survival forests in the analysis of right-censored survival data.
Method: We present a review article based on the latest research in the PubMed database on random survival forest model methodology.
Results: This article begins with an introduction to tree-based methods, ensemble algorithms, and random forest (RF) method, followed by random survival forest framework, bootstrapped data and out-of-bag (OOB) ensemble estimators, review of performance evaluation indicators, how to select important variables, and other advanced topics of random survival forests for time-to-event data.
Conclusion: When analyzing right-censored survival data with high-dimensional data, while the relationships between variables are complex and their interactions are taken into account, the nonparametric random survival forest (RSF) method determines important variables affecting survival times with high accuracy and speed and also does not need to test the restrictive assumptions.
Myalgia Frequency in Patients with COVID-19 and Its Relationship with Creatine Kinase Levels
Authors: UCAROGLU Nimet , KAYA Özgecan , KOTAN Dilcan 
Published: November 2020

Aim: Many studies have showed that myalgia is a common onset symptom in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to determine the frequency of muscle pain in patients followed with COVID-19 diagnosis, and to investigate the relationship between muscle pain and creatine kinase (CK), pH, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels.
Material and Methods: One hundred ten patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in our hospital were included retrospectively in this study. Presence of myalgia at the time of admission and on the 14th day of control were investigated. The first admission laboratory findings, 3rd day CK values and 14th day control CK values of all patients were recorded retrospectively from their files.
Results: The study included 110 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Fifty patients (45.5%) had muscle pain at the time of admission, and it was one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints. High CK results were obtained in 48 (43.6%) of the 110 patients at the time of admission. Thirty-two (66.7%) of 48 patients with high CK had muscle pain (p
Bioética, o envelhecimento no Brasil e o dever do Estado em garantir o respeito aos direitos fundamentais das pessoas idosas
Authors: Machado Isis Laynne de Oliveira , Garrafa Volnei 
Published: November 2020

O estudo propõe reflexões de cunho bioético acerca do envelhecimento no Brasil, avaliando critérios que o definem como experiência positiva ou negativa. Desenvolveu-se revisão integrativa, partindo da perspectiva das pessoas idosas com pesquisas voltadas para o Brasil. Constatou-se que o envelhecimento está atrelado a paradigmas inerentes não só à saúde física, mas ao ambiente em que se vive. Tal fato possibilitou realizar discussão acerca do envelhecimento ativo, capacidade funcional e ageismo. A partir da bioética normativa avaliou-se o papel do Estado, que deve adotar meios para que idosos tenham garantidos seus direitos fundamentais e seu espaço social reconhecido.
Palavas-chaves:
Envelhecimento. Direitos Fundamentais. Bioética.
СРЕДНЕКВАДРАТИЧНЫЕ ОТКЛОНЕНИЯ АТОМОВ – НАНОМАСШТАБНЫЙ ИНДИКАТОР СОСТОЯНИЯ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ
Authors: Заворин Александр Сергеевич , Любимова Людмила Леонидовна , Буваков Константин Владимирович , Фисенко Роман Николаевич , Ташлыков Александр Анатольевич , Артамонцев Александр Иванович 
Published: November 2020

Актуальность исследования связана с повышением надежности сварных соединений паросиловых установок и тем самым с рациональным использованием материалов изделий за счет совершенствования и развития методов изучения их ресурсных физических характеристик. Цель: тестирование новых наномасштабных структурных характеристик III рода для оценок состояния поверхности. Объект: образцы жаропрочной стали трубных поверхностей нагрева паровых котлов. Методы: физическое моделирование условий эксплуатации путем термоциклирования в электропечи МИМП-10УЭ, холодного циклического деформирования с применением гидравлического пресса, рентгенометрия образцов с оценкой среднеквадратичных отклонений атомов и внутренних структурных напряжений на рентгеновских дифрактометрах типа ДРОН, анализ морфологии поверхности с помощью портативного электронного микроскопа типа PENSCKOPE с увеличением ´20. Результаты. Проведены экспериментальные исследования, связанные с количественной оценкой колебательной амплитуды атомов и ее эволюцией при циклических термических и механических нагрузках. В результате исследований предложен новый диагностический параметр в виде колебательной амплитуды атомов , отражающий фундаментальную природу сил межатомных связей. Продемонстрирована корреляция между среднеквадратичными отклонениями атомов (микромасштабный уровень свойств), представляющими микроструктурные характеристики III рода, с макромеханическими характеристиками и (макромасштабный уровень свойств). Так как условный предел текучести и временное сопротивление разрушению связаны с прочностью и разрушением, то и среднеквадратичные отклонения атомов могут быть использованы в качестве индикатора поврежденности и признака достижения предельных состояний. Параметр может служить также характеристикой текущего индивидуального физического состояния металла. Предложена новая методология оценки текущего и наступления предельных состояний. Показано, что восстановление структуры контролируется на атомном микромасштабном уровне по колебательной амплитуде и напряжениям I рода.
Lactation Care of Families in the Community Health Setting During the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Altman Denise 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe COVID pandemic challenged IBCLCs and other heathcare providers to determine how to meet the needs of new families while maintaining safety for both patients and caregivers. In addition, both workplace and personal stressors triggered by ongoing changes increased the risk of compassion fatigue.ProgramInitial patient support was offered at a free-standing lactation medicine clinic. After office closure, lactation services moved to multiple pediatric offices.ResultAlthough the worksite changed after the first six weeks of the pandemic, direct patient care providing lactation support remained uninterrupted, and continues to this day. The IBCLCs are addressing the issue of compassion fatigue with awareness along with peer to peer support.
DRAMATURGI DALAM PROSES LEGISLASI
Authors: Tampubolon Tulus , Prisanto Guntur Freddy , Ernungtyas Niken Febrina , Irwansyah Irwansyah , Putri Sekartaji Anisa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
As a political communicator, members of the DPR RI need to realize good political communication for the sake of the continuation of democracy. The Indonesian Parliament as a political actor that has an important role in the sustainability of democracy needs to manage their political communication from the front stage, back stage, and impression management aspects according to Goffman's theory as well as possible. In this study, it was examined how the political communication of the Indonesian Parliament in revising Law No. 32 of 2002 using the Goffman drama theory. The method used in this research is qualitative research using observation data collection techniques to three groups of the Republic of Indonesia DPR. From this dramaturgical analysis the researchers found that DPR groups had three front stages and one backstage each. Also found was a shadowing stage faced by the DPR in carrying out political communication activities. Political communication behavior carried out at the front stage is more formal and prioritizes the interests of the community. As is the case at the back stage, political communication is more relaxed and personal and group interests emerge.
Key words: Dramaturgy, Legislative Dramaturgy, Indonesian Parliament Dramaturgy

Abstrak
Sebagai komunikator politik, anggota DPR RI perlu mewujudkan komunikasi politik yang baik demi kelangsungan demokrasi. DPR RI sebagai aktor politik yang memiliki peran penting dalam keberlangsungan demokrasi perlu mengelola komunikasi politik mereka dari aspek front stage, back stage, serta impression management sesuai dengan teori Goffman sebaik mungkin. Dalam penelitian ini diteliti bagaimana komunikasi politik DPR RI dalam melakukan revisi UU No. 32 tahun 2002 dengan menggunakan teori dramatugri Goffman. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah penelitian kualitatif menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi kepada tiga kelompok DPR RI. Dari analisis dramaturgi ini peneliti menemukan temuan bahwa kelompok-kelompok DPR memiliki masing-masing tiga pangung depan dan satu panggung belakang. Ditemukan juga panggung bayangan yang dihadapi oleh DPR dalam menjalankan kegiatan komunikasi politik. Perilaku komunikasi politik yang dilakukan pada front stage bersifat lebih formal dan mengutamakan kepentingan masyarakat. Lain halnya dengan yang dilakukan pada back stage, komunikasi politik bersifat lebih santai dan muncul kepentingan-kepentingan pribadi maupun kelompok.
Kata kunci: Dramaturgi; Dramaturgi Legislasi; Dramaturgi DPR