bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lung nodules and IgG4 related disease: a single-center based experience
Authors: Xie Yan , Xiong Anji , Marion Tony , Liu Yi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and objective: This study was undertaken in an attempt to characterize the frequency and clinical features of lung nodules in IgG4 related disease (IgG4-RD) patients as an insight for help with the diagnosis of lung nodules.Methods: A retrospective study was carried out in West China Hospital, Sichuan University from January 2012 to December 2018, 89 patients with definite IgG4-RD were enrolled.Results: Fifty of 89 patients with definite IgG4-RD had radiologically confirmed lung nodules, 6 of whom were diagnosed with definite IgG4 related lung disease. Lung nodules detected in more than 40 patients were small and solid, always with regular margins. Multiple (41/50) and bilateral (34/50) distributions was also a major characteristic of these lung nodules. Lobulation and speculation were simultaneously detected in 3 patients, including 2 patients combined with pleural indentation. Calcification of nodules was detected in only one patient. Thirty-seven patients also had additional radiological abnormalities of lungs, including ground-glass opacity (21/50), thickening of pleura (9/50), thickening of interlobular septa (4/50), thickening of bronchial wall (3/50), pleural effusion (4/50), mass (3/50), interstitial changes (5/50), and mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy (32/50). Most patients (44/50) were treated with glucocorticoids alone or combined with immunosuppressive agents. Sixteen patients received a re-examination by chest computed tomography (CT) scan after treatment, 10 of whom showed a decrease in the size and/or the number of nodules.Conclusions: The incidence of lung nodules in IgG4-RD patients can be high. For an IgG4-RD patient with lung nodules, the possibility that the lung nodules related to IgG4-RLD is high. It is hard to differentiate IgG4 related lung nodules from other lung diseases, in particular, lung cancer. Radiological characteristics and positive responses to glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents can help with the differential diagnosis. For these patients, regular follow-up is also important.
Breed Differences in the Expression Levels of gga-miR-222a in Laying Hens Influenced H2S Production by Regulating Methionine Synthase Genes in Gut Bacteria
Authors: Xing Sicheng , Huang Chunbo , Yang Yiwen , Chen Jingyuan , Mi Jiandui , Wu Yinbao , Wang Yan , Liao Xin-Di 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The microbiota in the cecum of laying hens is critical for substance metabolism and odor gas production. Recent studies have suggested that host miRNAs can regulate gene expression in the gut microbiota. The expression profiles of host-derived miRNAs in the cecal content of two laying hen breeds, Hy-line Gray and Lohmann Pink, which have dissimilar H2S production, were characterized, and their possible effects on H2S production by regulating the expression of related genes in the microbiota were demonstrated. Results: The differential expression of microbial serine O-acetyltransferase, methionine synthase, aspartate aminotransferase, methionine-gamma-lyase and adenylylsulfate kinase between the two breeds resulted in lower H2S production in the Hy-line hens. The results also demonstrated miRNA microvesicles in the cecal content of laying hens and found potential miRNA-target relationships between 9 differentially expressed miRNAs and 9 differentially expressed microbial genes related to H2S production, among which gga-miR-222a targeted two methionine synthase genes, Odosp_3416 and BF9343_2953. An in vitro fermentation experiment showed that gga-miR-222a upregulated the expression of these genes, which increased methionine concentrations but decreased H2S production and soluble sulfide concentrations, indicating the potential of host-derived gga-miR-222a to reduce H2S emission in laying hens. Conclusion: These findings identify both a physiologic role by which miRNA shapes the cecal microbiota of laying hens and a strategy to use host miRNAs to manipulate the microbiome and actively expressed key microbial genes to reduce H2S emission and breed environmentally friendly laying hens.
Effect of Thermal Cyclic Loading on Stress-Strain Response and Fatigue Life of 3D Chip Stacking Structure
Authors: Zhang Liang , Zhong Su-juan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the thermo-mechanical reliability of IMCs (Ni3Sn4, Cu3Sn, Cu6Sn5) solder joints and Sn-3.9Ag-0.6Cu solder joints were investigated systematically in 3D chip stacking structure subjected to an accelerated thermal cyclic loading based on finite element simulation and Taguchi method. Effects of different control factors, including high temperature, low temperature, dwell time of thermal cyclic loading, and different IMCs on the stress-strain response and fatigue life of solder joints were calculated respectively. The results indicate that maximum stress-strain can be found in the second solder joint on the diagonal of IMC solder joints array, for Sn-3.9Ag-0.6Cu solder joints array the corner solder joints shows the obvious maximum stress-strain, these areas are the crack propagated locations. The stress-strain and fatigue life of solder joints is more sensitive to dwell temperature, especially to high temperature, increasing the high temperature, dwell time, or decreasing the low temperature, can reduce the stress-strain and enlarge the fatigue life of solder joints. The optimal design in the 3D IC structure has the combination of the Cu6Sn5/Cu3Sn, 373K high temperature, 233K low temperature, and 10min dwell time.
SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in patients with varying severity of acute COVID-19 illness
Authors: Jeewandara Chandima , Jayathilaka Deshni , Gomes Laksiri , Wijewickrama Ananda , Narangoda Eranga , Idampitiya Damayanthi , Guruge Dinuka , Wijayamuni Ruwan , Manilgama Suranga , Ogg Graham , Tan Chee Wah , Wang Lin-Fa , Malavige Gathsaurie Neelika 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to understand the kinetics, timing and persistence of SARS-CoV2 neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) we used a surrogate viral neutralization test to evaluate their levels in patients with varying severity of illness, in those with prolonged shedding and those with mild/asymptomatic illness at various time points. Patients with severe or moderate COVID-19 illness had earlier appearance of Nabs at higher levels compared to those with mild or asymptomatic illness. Furthermore, those who had prolonged shedding of the virus, had Nabs appearing faster and at higher levels than those who cleared the virus earlier. Although all individuals appeared to be antibody positive by end of week 5, the positivity rates declined thereafter, especially in those who had mild or asymptomatic illness.
Effect of Ribavirin on Recovery Time in COVID-19 Patients: A Real-world Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hu Yuanlong , Zhu Xue , Shen Ning , Jia Xinhua , Zhang Xingcai , Han Jian , Yue Miao , Yuan Chengmin , Qiu Zhanjun , Ma Huijie , Li Hui , Liu Yingying , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Up to now, there is still no specific drug against COVID-19. However, Ribavirin may bring clinical benefits to COVID-19 patients.Methods: This study was designed as a real-world retrospective cohort study based on electronic medical record (EMR), and linear regression model was used to evaluate the effect of Ribavirin on recovery time.Results: 342 patients were enrolled in this study. Both unadjusted and unadjusted models showed that interferon or Lopinavir-Ritonavir combined with Ribavirin could shorten the recovery time of patients, which was evident in all subgroups considered except the severe subgroup and after fine adjustments.Conclusion: This study shows that interferon or Lopinavir-Ritonavir combined with Ribavirin can shorten the recovery time of patients with non-severe COVID-19.
Development of N,N-disulfo-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium Chlorometallates as Heterogeneous Catalysts for One Pot Synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-1- aryl-3H-naphth[1, 2-e][1,3]oxazin-3-one Derivatives
Authors: Dutta Arup K. , Boruah Kabita , Borah Ruli 
Published: July 2020

Background:Four members of N,N-disulfo-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium chlorometallates [DSTMG]n[X], where n= 1 or 2; X= FeCl4-, Zn2Cl62-, NiCl42-, MnCl42-were synthesized as solid Brønsted-Lewis acidic compounds and studied the catalytic activity with the most acidic salt for threecomponent synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-1-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2-e][1,3]oxazin-3-ones.Methods:N,N-disulfo-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium chlorometallates of the four transition metal cations such as Fe(III), Zn(II), Ni(II) and Mn(II) were prepared after treatment of the parent ionic liquid N,N-disulfo-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidinium chloride [DSTMG][Cl] with the respective metal chlorides in different mole fractions at 75 ºC. The synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-1-aryl-3H-naphth[1,2- e][1,3]oxazin-3-ones was carried out via three-component reaction of 2-naphthol, aromatic aldehydes and urea under neat condition at 90 ºC using 7 mol% of the [DSTMG][FeCl4] catalyst.Results:The characterization of synthesized chlorometallates was done using spectroscopic and other analytical techniques, including thermogravimetric analysis and Hammett acidity studies. Among the four salts, the salt of Fe(III) ion was observed as the strong Brønsted acidic hydrophobic salt and thus chosen for the catalytic study.Conclusion:A new type of chlorometallates of guanidinium cation with composition [DSTMG]n[X], where X= FeCl4-/Zn2Cl62-/NiCl42-/MnCl42-and n= 1 or 2 were developed as –SO3H functionalized solid acids with varied thermal stability (150-250 ºC) and physisorbed water (0-20%) as observed from the thermogravimetric study. From them, the most Brønsted acidic Fe(III) salt was employed as an efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 1,2-dihydro-1-aryl-3Hnaphth[ 1,2-e][1,3]oxazin-3-ones in neat condition.
PERPADUAN PCL DAN PELATIHAN METAKOGNITIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMECAHKAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA
Authors: Dewanti Sintha Sih 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh data empiris mengenai: (1) keefektifan Problem-Centered Learning (PCL); (2) ketuntasan belajar klasikal; dan (3) sikap siswa terhadap pembelajaran pemecahan masalah matematika menggunakan perpaduan pendekatan PCL dan pelatihan metakognitif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain tes prasyarat dan tes awal – tes akhir dengan tiga kelompok eksperimen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri di Kota Yogyakarta. Sampel diambil secara acak bertingkat. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan skala sikap dan dianalisis dengan statistik deskriptif dan inferensial dengan Anakova dua kovariat dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey’s HSD, sedangkan ketuntasan belajar dianalisis dengan uji Chi-kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jika dibandingkan dengan pendekatan ekspositori, perpaduan pendekatan PCL dan pelatihan metakognitif lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dan menghasilkan ketuntasan belajar yang secara signifikan lebih besar. Siswa juga bersikap positif terhadap pembelajaran pemecahan masalah matematika menggunakan perpaduan pendekatan PCL dan pelatihan metakognitif. Kata kunci: pembelajaran matematika, PCL, pelatihan metakognitif, kemampuan pemecahan masalah
KEEFEKTIFAN PROGRAM SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN TEKNOLOGI DAN INDUSTRI (SMKTI)
Authors: Sumarno Sumarno 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan program pendidikan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Teknologi Industri (SMKTI), yang mencakup: (1) angka partisipasi lulusan Jurusan Mesin, Elektro, dan Bangunan pada industri utama dan unit produksi, dan (2) indikator pasar tenaga kerja lulusan pada waktu mendatang. Subjek penelitian ini adalah tenaga kerja lulusan SMKTI Kota Bandar Lampung. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui dokumentasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Untuk mengetahui indikator prospek pasar tenaga kerja lulusan SMKTI digunakan persamaan Grip dan Heijke (1998). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pada unit produksi, jurusan teknik mesin mempunyai angka partisipasi 0,66 sampai 0,76 (efektif), jurusan teknik bangunan mempunyai angka partisipasi 0,58 (efektif), dan jurusan teknik elektro mempunyai angka partisipasi 0,36 sampai 0,43 (tidak efektif). (2) Indikator pasar tenaga kerja yang akan datang bagi lulusan SMKTI = 4,66. Indikator ini menunjukkan bahwa program pendidikan SMKTI tidak efektif. Kata kunci: efektivitas program, angka partisipasi, indikator pasar tenaga kerja lulusan
Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Asesmen Anak TK berkebutuhan Khusus
Authors: Wantah Maria J 
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitdan ini adalah mengembangkan instrumen asesmen untuk mendeteksi keterampilan motorik kasar, halus, dan sosial emosional anak TK. Instrumen asesmen terdiri atas: (1) untuk keterampilan motorik kasar 35 item; (2) untuk keterampilan motorik halus halus 40 item; dan (3) untuk keterampilan sosial emosional 40 item. Validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen dianalisis menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analyss (CFAJ, dan reliabilitas instrumen dianalisis menggunakan generalizability pada kelompok kecil. Instrumen diujicobakan pada 30 anak TK dengan melibatkan 3 rater, yaitu: guru TK, ahli PLB, dan ahli PAUD. Hasil analisis validitas menunjukkan bahwa instrumen asesmen keterampilan motorik kasar termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dan sedang, instrumen asesmen keterampilan motorik halus termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dan sedang, dan instrumen asesmen keterampilan sosial emosional termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Hasil analisis reliabilitas menunjukkan bahwa instrumen asesmen keterampilan motorik kasar termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dan sedang, instrumen asesmen keterampilan motorik halus termasuk dalam kategori tinggi, dan instrumen asesmen keterampilan sosial emosional termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dan sedang. Kata kunci: konstruk instrumen asesmen, anak TK berkebutuhan khusus
Stochastic Channel-Based Federated Learning With Neural Network Pruning for Medical Data Privacy Preservation: Model Development and Experimental Validation
Authors: Shao Rulin , He Hongyu , Chen Ziwei , Liu Hui , Liu Dianbo 
Published: July 2020

Background
Artificial neural networks have achieved unprecedented success in the medical domain. This success depends on the availability of massive and representative datasets. However, data collection is often prevented by privacy concerns, and people want to take control over their sensitive information during both the training and using processes.

Objective
To address security and privacy issues, we propose a privacy-preserving method for the analysis of distributed medical data. The proposed method, termed stochastic channel-based federated learning (SCBFL), enables participants to train a high-performance model cooperatively and in a distributed manner without sharing their inputs.

Methods
We designed, implemented, and evaluated a channel-based update algorithm for a central server in a distributed system. The update algorithm will select the channels with regard to the most active features in a training loop, and then upload them as learned information from local datasets. A pruning process, which serves as a model accelerator, was further applied to the algorithm based on the validation set.

Results
We constructed a distributed system consisting of 5 clients and 1 server. Our trials showed that the SCBFL method can achieve an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) of 0.9776 and an area under the precision-recall curve (AUC-PR) of 0.9695 with only 10% of channels shared with the server. Compared with the federated averaging algorithm, the proposed SCBFL method achieved a 0.05388 higher AUC-ROC and 0.09695 higher AUC-PR. In addition, our experiment showed that 57% of the time is saved by the pruning process with only a reduction of 0.0047 in AUC-ROC performance and a reduction of 0.0068 in AUC-PR performance.

Conclusions
In this experiment, our model demonstrated better performance and a higher saturating speed than the federated averaging method, which reveals all of the parameters of local models to the server. The saturation rate of performance could be promoted by introducing a pruning process and further improvement could be achieved by tuning the pruning rate.
Communication Technology Preferences of Hospitalized and Institutionalized Frail Older Adults During COVID-19 Confinement: Cross-Sectional Survey Study
Authors: Sacco Guillaume , Lléonart Sébastien , Simon Romain , Noublanche Frédéric , Annweiler Cédric ,   TOVID Study Group
Published: July 2020

Background
Technological communication methods such as telephone calls and video calls can help prevent social isolation and loneliness in frail older adults during confinement.

Objective
Our objectives were to determine which virtual communication method (ie, telephone call or video call) was preferred by confined older hospital patients and nursing home residents and the variables influencing this preference.

Methods
The TOVID (Telephony Or Videophony for Isolated elDerly) study was a cross-sectional study that was designed to examine the preference between telephone calls and video calls among frail older adults who were either hospitalized in a geriatric acute care unit or institutionalized in a long-term care and nursing home during the COVID-19 confinement period.

Results
A total of 132 older people were surveyed between March 25 and May 11, 2020 (mean age 88.2 years, SD 6.2); 79 (59.8%) were women. Patients hospitalized in the geriatric acute care unit were more able to establish communication independently than residents institutionalized in the long-term care and nursing home (P=.03) and were more satisfied with their communication experiences (P=.02). Overall, older people tended to favor telephone calls (73/132, 55.3%) over video calls (59/132, 44.7%); however, their satisfaction degree was similar regardless of the chosen method (P=.1), with no effect of age (P=.97) or gender (P=.2). In the geriatric acute care unit, the satisfaction degrees were similar for telephone calls (40/41, 98%) and video calls (33/38, 87%) in older patients (P=.10). Conversely, in the long-term care and nursing home, residents were more satisfied with the use of video calls to communicate with their relatives (14/15, 93%) versus the use of telephone calls (6/12, 50%; P=.02).

Conclusions
Older people confined to health care settings were able to complete telephone calls more independently than video calls, and they tended to use telephone calls more often than video calls. The satisfaction degrees were similar with both modalities and even greater with video calls among long-term care and nursing home residents when they were given assistance to establish communication.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04333849: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04333849.
THE ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE AND THE PRESCRIPTIONS’ PATTERN FOR URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AT KING FAHAD SPECIALIST HOSPITAL
Authors: RA LNQER NORAH , AL JASSER AREEJ , A. MOBARK MUGAHID 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the diseases with a highest prevalence in the world. This study evaluated the antibiotics resistant and the prescription pattern for UTI with the aim to participate as an effective monitoring study that enhances rational antibiotics’ prescription.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study at King Fahad Specialist Hospital from May 2018 to January 2019. We included a total of 306 patients with UTI. 204 patients diagnosed clinically and empirically treated (Group A), 102 patients underwent urine for culture and sensitivity tests (Group B).
Results: UTI showed higher occurrence in female in both Groups A (61%) and B (65%). The mean age was higher in Group B (55.8 years) than Group A (39.44 years). The most commonly prescribed antibiotics for UTI were Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole (TMP+SMX) (56%) and ciprofloxacin (15%). Escherichia coli was the most commonly isolated organism (36.3%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (30%). Although 41.17% of organisms were sensitive to TMP+SMX, 38.2% were resistant to it. The organisms were sensitive to amikacin in 80.4% and to gentamicin in 61.8% whereas, 61.8% were resistant to ampicillin. Luckily, no resistance was reported neither for nitrofurantoin nor for vancomycin.
Conclusion: The study showed significant resistance to the commonly prescribed TMP+SMX and ciprofloxacin compared to absolute sensitivity to the less prescribed nitrofurantoin. This necessitates special consideration for local susceptibility in empirical therapy.
BIOSYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM MANGROVE BARK – RHIZOPHORA MUCRONATA EXTRACT
Authors: AT AJI JOVITHA , B DEIVASIGAMANI 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The present study attempted to synthesize AgNPs from mangrove bark Rhizophora mucronata and analyze characteristics. The synthesized AgNPs analyzed with UV–vis spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) for confirming the nanoparticles.
Methods: The dried R. mucronata bark was powdered and kept in at 55°C for 15 min in a water bath and cooled at room temperature to get the extract. The R. mucronata bark extract was treated with silver nitrate and kept overnight in the dark environment which will turn the solution to dark brown color. The silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV–visible absorption at room temperature. Further characterization was also done with X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscope measurements, and DLS analysis.
Results: The synthesized AgNPs were analyzed with various analytical methods that revealed the abundant presence of silver nanoparticles. The UV–vis spectroscopy analysis exposed the surface plasmon resonance peak of 422 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis indicated the size ranging from 10 nm to 200 nm in diameter and a spherical shaped poly dispersal of the particles. The energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and DLS also confirmed the presence of silver atoms.
Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles of Rhizophora mucronata bark revealed a well-defined structure and may be used in antimicrobial function in further researches.
TOTAL FLAVONOIDS CONTENT OF SOME SEASONAL FRUITS AND THEIR BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: NAQVI SARA , IMAM SHAHLLA , ALI FATIMA RAMZAN , AZHAR IQBAL , ALAM MAHMOOD ZAFAR 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The present study was intended to assess the qualitative and quantitative analysis of some fruits available in Karachi, Pakistan. The association between the intakes of flavonoids enriches fruit and cardiovascular (CV) health was evaluated through a clinical survey.
Methods: The acid-alkaline test was executed in all fruit samples. The total flavonoids content was carried out using aluminum chloride calorimetric method. A cross-sectional survey was executed from July to December 2018 among 100 cardiac patients in Karachi, Pakistan. The patient’s blood pressure was determined and categorized into normal, prehypertension, and hypertension. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi-squared test were executed to demonstrate the participants’ sociodemographic information.
Results: The result revealed that the purple grapes contained an abundant amount of total flavonoid contents 192.59±1.28 as compared to green grapes and other fruits, whereas Citrus paradisi (grapefruit), Citrus reticulata (kinnow), and Punica granatum (pomegranate) contained 162.96±0.640, 151.85± 0.640, and 107.03±1.28, respectively. Moreover, Malus species, grapes (green), raspberry, and strawberry are also a good source of flavonoids. The clinical survey revealed that the majority of the respondents were male 74% while only 26% were female. The response rate was 73%.
Conclusion: The finding of the present study indicated that dietary intake of fruits containing flavonoids may decrease the risk of CV disease and could contribute to promoting cardiac health.