bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong metal–metal Pauli repulsion leads to repulsive metallophilicity in closed-shell d8and d10organometallic complexes
Authors: Wan Qingyun , Yang Jun , To Wai-Pong , Che Chi-Ming 
Published: December 2020

SignificanceMetallophilicity is widely regarded as a driving force in the self-assembly of closed-shell d8and d10metal complexes. The self-assembled metal complexes have applications in organic semiconductors, biosensing, organic light-emitting diodes, and photocatalysis. The attractive metallophilicity in the ground state is believed to originate from spd orbital hybridization or electron correlation interaction strengthened by relativistic effect. These two models have remained controversial for a long time. Our findings conclude that the M–M′ closed-shell interaction is repulsive due to strong M–M′ Pauli repulsion strengthened by (n + 1)s-nd orbital hybridization and relativistic effect. The M–M′ repulsion is counterbalanced by the ligand–ligand dispersion and electrostatic interaction, leading to a close unsupported M–M′ distance.
Potential interactive effects between invasiveLumbricus terrestrisearthworms and the invasive plantAlliaria petiolataon a native plantPodophyllum peltatumin northeastern Ohio, USA
Authors: Cope Colin G , Eysenbach Sarah R , Faidiga Alexandra S , Hausman Constance E , Medeiros Juliana S , Murphy Jennifer E , Burns Jean H 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe test whether the invasive earthworm Lumbricus terrestris and leaf litter of the invasive herbaceous plant Alliaria petiolata interact to influence the native plant, Podophyllum peltatum, using both observational field data and a multi-year experiment. We hypothesized invader interactive effects on the native plant might result from either changes in allelochemical distribution in the soil or nutrient availability mediated by the invasive earthworm pulling leaf litter down into the soil. Within the field data we found that Alliaria petiolata presence and higher soil nitrogen correlated with reduced Podophyllum peltatum cover, and no evidence for an invader–invader interaction. Within the factorial experiment, we found a super-additive effect of the two invaders on plant biomass only when activated carbon was present. In the absence of activated carbon, there were no differences in Podophyllum peltatum biomass across treatments. In the presence of activated carbon, Podophyllum peltatum biomass was significantly reduced by the presence of both Lumbricus terrestris and Alliaria petiolata leaf litter. The absence of an effect of Alliaria petiolata leaves without activated carbon, combined with a failure to detect arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization, suggests that indirect effects of allelochemicals on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were not the primary driver of treatment responses. Rather direct nutrient availability might influence a potential interaction between these invaders. Leaf nitrogen content was higher and leaf CO2 concentration was lower in the presence of Lumbricus terrestris, but treatment did not influence maximum photosynthetic rate. While the field data do not suggest a negative interaction between these invaders, the experiment suggests that such an interaction is possible with greater environmental stress, such as increasing nitrogen deposition. Further, even plants with rapid physiological responses to increased nitrogen availability may have other physiological limits on growth that prevent them from compensating from the harm caused by multiple invaders.
A Clinical Pilot Study of Spaced Retrieval Practice with a Self-Generation Booster to Improve Health-Related Memory in Persons With HIV Disease
Authors: Woods Steven Paul , Babicz Michelle A , Matchanova Anastasia , Sullivan Kelli L , Avci Gunes , Hasbun Rodrigo , Giordano Thomas P , Fazeli Pariya , Morgan Erin E 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveSpaced retrieval practice (SRP) and self-generation are among the most replicated and effective mnemonic strategies in the cognitive psychology literature, but their benefits have not yet been realized in healthcare settings. This study used a randomized, between-subjects design to examine the hypothesis that SRP with a self-generation booster can improve memory for health-related information among clinically referred persons with HIV (PWH), who often have difficulty acquiring new health knowledge.MethodA consecutive series of 41 PWH referred to a county-funded urban neuropsychology clinic were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to learn four statements about the treatment of a mock infectious disease in either a massed study control condition (n = 20) or an SRP condition (n = 21) in which they received two distributed free recall training tests supplemented with self-generation for missed items. The primary outcome was participants’ free recall of the four treatment statements after a 20-minute delay filled with nonverbal tests.ResultsPWH participants in the SRP condition were four times more likely than controls to recall at least one treatment statement at the 20-minute delay. SRP was not related to post-test recognition or health-related decision-making performance but was associated with moderately better self-efficacy for decision-making.ConclusionsFindings from this pilot study show the potential of SRP with a self-generation booster to improve learning and memory for health-related information among PWH in clinic.
The Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers on Microcentrifuge Tube Filters for Solid-Phase Extraction and the HPLC-UV Determination of Andrographolides
Authors: Thongchai Wisanu , Poolprasert Pisit , Thongchai Suwanna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Molecular imprinting-based solid-phase extraction has been in the spotlight to improve recognition selectivity and detection sensitivity of andrographolides. The synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers on micro centrifuge tube filters for the extraction and the determination of andrographolides were investigated. Molecularly imprinted polymers were synthesized using the photo-polymerization method for the preconcentration of andrographolides (AD) template molecule using 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone as initiators, the mixture of 1-dodecanol and toluene solvent, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as functional monomers and cross-linked, respectively. The resultant AD molecularly imprinted polymers (AD-MIPs) were characterized using the Fourier-transform infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscopy. The maximum adsorption of AD-MIPs toward the andrographolides was found to be 85%, and could reach binding equilibrium within 60 min. The sample solution was separated by AD-MIP using solid-phase extraction (SPE). Subsequently, the sample solution was analyzed by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The AD-MIP could be successfully applied to specifically separate and determine the andrographolides from pharmaceutical products and biological fluid samples with relatively high recoveries (102.01–108.61%). The present method is simple, selective, accurate, and provides a promising alternative to traditional SPE sorbents for the extraction and determination of andrographolides in real samples and biological fluid samples.
Proteinuria and venous thromboembolism in pregnancy: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Akbari Ayub , Kunkel Elizabeth , Bota Sarah E , Harel Ziv , Le Gal Gregoire , Cox Conor , Hundemer Gregory L , Canney Mark , Clark Edward , Massicotte-Azarniouch David , Eddeen Anan Bader , Knoll Greg , Sood Manish M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Pregnancy-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Identification of risk factors of VTE may lead to improved maternal and foetal outcomes. Proteinuria confers a pro-thrombotic state, however, its association with VTE in pregnancy remains unknown. We set out to assess the association of proteinuria and VTE during pregnancy.

Methods
We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study of all pregnant women (≥16 years of age) with a proteinuria measure within 20 weeks of conception (n = 306 244; mean age 29.8 years) from Ontario, Canada. Proteinuria was defined by any of the following: urine albumin:creatinine ratio ≥3 mg/mmol, urine protein:creatinine ratio ≥5 mg/mmol or urine dipstick proteinuria ≥1. The main outcome measure was a diagnosis of VTE up to 24-weeks post-partum.

Results
A positive proteinuria measurement occurred in 8508 (2.78%) women and was more common with a history of kidney disease, gestational or non-gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertension. VTE events occurred in 625 (0.20%) individuals, with a higher risk among women with positive proteinuria [32 events (0.38%)] compared with women without proteinuria [593 events (0.20%); inverse probability-weighted risk ratio 1.79 (95% confidence interval 1.25–2.57)]. The association was consistent using a more specific VTE definition, in the post-partum period, in high-risk subgroups (hypertension or diabetes) and when the sample was restricted to women with preserved kidney function.

Conclusions
The presence of proteinuria in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy is associated with a significantly higher risk of VTE.
Heterotopic caval valve implantation for the management of severe tricuspid regurgitation: a case series
Authors: Sharkey Aidan , Munoz Acuna Ronny , Belani Kiran , Sharma Ravi K , Chaudhary Omar , Fatima Huma , Laham Roger , Mahmood Feroze 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a complex condition that can be difficult to treat medically, and often surgical intervention is prohibited due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with this intervention. In patients who have failed maximal medical therapy and have progressive symptoms related to their severe TR, heterotopic caval valve implantation (CAVI) offers potential for symptom relief for these patients.

Case summary
We present two cases of patients with severe TR with symptoms of heart failure that were refractory to medical therapy. Due to extensive comorbidities in these patient’s surgical intervention was deemed unsuitable and the decision was made to proceed with heterotopic CAVI in order to try and control their symptoms. Both patients successfully underwent the procedure and had an Edwards SAPIEN 3 valve (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) implanted in the inferior vena cava/right atrium junction. In both patients, there was improvement in the postoperative haemodynamics as measured by invasive and non-invasive methods. Successful discharge was achieved in both patients with improvement in their symptoms.

Discussion
Selective use of heterotopic CAVI to treat symptomatic severe TR that is refractory to medical therapy may be a viable option to improve symptoms in those patients that are unsuitable for surgical intervention.
A case report of successful elimination of recurrent ventricular tachycardia by repeated stereotactic radiotherapy: the importance of accurate target volume delineation
Authors: Peichl Petr , Sramko Marek , Cvek Jakub , Kautzner Josef 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged recently as a novel therapeutic alternative for patients with ventricular tachycardias (VTs) resistant to convetional treatment. Nevertheless, many aspects related to SBRT are currently unknown.

Case summary
A 66-year-old man with ischaemic heart disease, a history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery and left ventricular dysfunction was referred for recurrent symptomatic episodes of slow VT (108 b.p.m.). The arrhythmia was resistant to antiarrhythmic drug therapy with amiodarone and repeated catheter ablation. The patient was scheduled to SBRT, however, the first session failed to suppress VT recurrences. After 20 months, the patient underwent re-do ablation procedure that revealed a newly developed scar with its core adjacent to the presumed critical part of the VT substrate. Catheter ablation again failed to eliminate VT and the second session of SBRT was scheduled. To improve targeting of the VT substrate for SBRT, we applied our recently developed original method for integration of data from the electroanatomical mapping system with computer tomography images. The second session of SBRT with precise targeting using the novel strategy led within 3 months to the successful elimination of VT.

Discussion
This case report describes a patient in whom the recurrent VT was abolished only by properly targeted SBRT. Above all, the case highlights the importance of precise identification and targeting for SBRT. Our case also documents in vivo, by electroanatomical voltage mapping, the development of SBRT-related myocardial lesion. This represents an important mechanistic proof of the concept of SBRT.
A predictive model for early recurrence of colorectal-cancer liver metastases based on clinical parameters
Authors: Dai Siqi , Ye Yao , Kong Xiangxing , Li Jun , Ding Kefeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
The prognosis for patients with colorectal-cancer liver metastases (CRLM) after curative surgery remains poor and shows great heterogeneity. Early recurrence, defined as tumor recurrence within 6 months of curative surgery, is associated with poor survival, requiring earlier detection and intervention. This study aimed to develop and validate a bedside model based on clinical parameters to predict early recurrence in CRLM patients and provide insight into post-operative surveillance strategies.

Material and methods
A total of 202 consecutive CRLM patients undergoing curative surgeries between 2012 and 2019 were retrospectively enrolled and randomly assigned to the training (n = 150) and validation (n = 52) sets. Baseline information and radiological, pathological, and laboratory findings were extracted from medical records. Predictive factors for early recurrence were identified via a multivariate logistic-regression model to develop a predictive nomogram, which was validated for discrimination, calibration, and clinical application.

Results
Liver-metastases number, lymph-node suspicion, neurovascular invasion, colon/rectum location, albumin and post-operative carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate antigen 19–9 levels (CA19–9) were independent predictive factors and were used to construct the nomogram for early recurrence after curative surgery. The area under the curve was 0.866 and 0.792 for internal and external validation, respectively. The model significantly outperformed the clinical risk score and Beppu’s model in our data set. In the lift curve, the nomogram boosted the detection rate in post-operative surveillance by two-fold in the top 30% high-risk patients.

Conclusion
Our model for early recurrence in CRLM patients after curative surgeries showed superior performance and could aid in the decision-making for selective follow-up strategies.
Short Leukocyte Telomeres, But Not Telomere Attrition Rates, Predict Memory Decline in the 20-Year Longitudinal Betula Study
Authors: Pudas Sara , Josefsson Maria , Nordin Adolfsson Annelie , Landfors Mattias , Kauppi Karolina , Veng-Taasti Line Marie , Hultdin Magnus , Adolfsson Rolf , Degerman Sofie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a proposed biomarker for aging-related disorders, including cognitive decline and dementia. Long-term longitudinal studies measuring intra-individual changes in both LTL and cognitive outcomes are scarce, precluding strong conclusions about a potential aging-related relationship between LTL shortening and cognitive decline. This study investigated associations between baseline levels and longitudinal changes in LTL and memory performance across an up to 20-year follow-up in 880 dementia-free participants from a population-based study (mean baseline age: 56.8 years, range: 40–80; 52% female). Shorter baseline LTL significantly predicted subsequent memory decline (r = .34, 95% confidence interval: 0.06, 0.82), controlling for age, sex, and other relevant covariates. No significant associations were however observed between intra-individual changes in LTL and memory, neither concurrently nor with a 5-year time-lag between LTL shortening and memory decline. These results support the notion of short LTL as a predictive factor for aging-related memory decline, but suggest that LTL dynamics in adulthood and older age may be less informative of cognitive outcomes in aging. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of long-term longitudinal evaluation of outcomes in biomarker research.
Abbreviated Breast MRI for Screening High-risk Women: Comparison with the Full Clinical Protocol
Authors: Osei Kendrah V , Mehta Anita K , Thigpen Denise M , Rapelyea Jocelyn , Friedman Steven , Brem Rachel F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
To compare cancer detection rate (CDR), patient recall, and interpretation time of a full protocol MRI (fpMRI) to an abbreviated MRI protocol (abMRI) in high-risk women.

Methods
This retrospective study was approved by the IRB. All sequential high-risk screening MRI examinations performed between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2016, were included. Breast radiologists reviewed patient history, prior images, and abMRI images and recorded their interpretation. Time for interpretation reflected review of the MRI study but not dictation or report generation. Following a minimum 30-day washout period, radiologists interpreted the fpMRI, with interpretation and timing recorded. Data collected included CDR, interpretation time, and patient recall rate. Statistical analyses utilized were Cohen’s kappa coefficient, Student’s t-test, and McNemar’s test.

Results
Included were 334 MRI examinations of 286 women. Interpretation time was 60.7 seconds for the abMRI compared to 99.4 seconds for the fpMRI, with an average difference of 38.7 ± 5.4 seconds per patient (P &lt; 0.0001). Recall rates were comparable: the abMRI recall rate was 82/334 (24.6%) and the fpMRI 81/334 (24.3%). All five cancers included were detected by both protocols with equal recall rate. However, there were more recommendations for biopsy with the fpMRI, although this difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusion
The abMRI demonstrated comparable CDR to fpMRI, with shortened interpretation time and similar recall rates. Implementing an abMRI to screen high-risk women reduces imaging and interpretation time, thereby improving cost-effectiveness and the patient experience without reduction in cancer detection.
Mental Money Laundering: A Motivated Violation of Fungibility
Authors: Imas Alex , Loewenstein George , Morewedge Carey K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
People exploit flexibility in mental accounting to relax psychological constraints on spending. Four studies demonstrate this in the context of moral behavior. The first study replicates prior findings that people donate more money to charity when they earned it through unethical versus ethical means. However, when the unethically earned money is first “laundered”—the cash is physically exchanged for the same amount but from a different arbitrary source—people spend it as if it was earned ethically. This mental money laundering represents an extreme violation of fungibility. The second study demonstrates that mental money laundering generalizes to cases in which ethically and unethically earned money are mixed. When gains from ethical and unethical sources were pooled, people spent the entire pooled sum as if it was ethically earned. The last two studies provide mixed support for the prediction that people actively seek out laundering opportunities for unethically earned money, suggesting partial sophistication about these effects. These findings provide new evidence for the ease with which people can rationalize misbehavior, and have implications for consumer choice, corporate behavior, and public policy.
Playing the Ethnic Card: Diversion, Transborder Ethnic Ties, and Sponsorship of Rebel Movements
Authors: Jones Benjamin T , Linebarger Christopher 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Under what circumstances do third-party states oppose governments that marginalize their ethnic kin in foreign civil conflicts? We argue that the effect of transborder ethnic ties on third-party support for rebel movements depends upon two factors: (1) a constellation of ethnic power relations in which an ethnicity with access to political power in a potential intervener but is marginalized in a civil conflict state and (2) the political insecurity of leaders in a potential intervener. Said leaders facing a high probability of removal from office are willing to undertake risky foreign policies, including support for rebel movements, hoping that such actions will generate an ethnically tinged rally effect. We draw upon the literature on diversionary theory to develop an empirical expectation. We then assemble a dataset of potential intervener–civil conflict state dyad-years to model this expectation. The political insecurity of leaders is measured with a variety of proxies. Our findings suggest that the well-known diversionary theory can be applied to a novel dependent variable that of third-party state sponsorship of rebel movements.
Faster Initial Viral Decay in Female Children Living With HIV
Authors: Domínguez-Rodríguez Sara , Serna-Pascual Miquel , Foster Caroline , Palma Paolo , Nastouli Eleni , De Rossi Anita , Seoane Javier , Rossi Paolo , Giaquinto Carlo , Tagarro Alfredo , Rojo Pablo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Limited data exist regarding sex bias and viral decay in children with HIV. We investigated the sex differences in viral decay in 25 perinatally HIV-infected children. Females presented faster phase I viral decay regardless of their age at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, baseline CD4 percentages, or baseline RNA levels. Also, for each month elapsed under ART, females had faster viral decay than males.
Risk factors for mortality, ICU admission and bacteremia in patients suspected of sepsis at the Emergency department. A prospective cohort study
Authors: D’Onofrio Valentino , Meersman Agnes , Vijgen Sara , Cartuyvels Reinoud , Messiaen Peter , Gyssens Inge C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
There is a clear need for a better assessment of independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, and bacteremia in patients presenting with suspected sepsis at the ED.

Methods
A prospective observational cohort study including 1690 patients was performed. Two multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify independent risk factors.

Results
SOFA score of ≥2 and serum lactate of ≥2mmol/L were associated with all outcomes. Other independent risk factors were individual SOFA variables and SIRS variables but varied per outcome. MAP&lt;70 mmHg negatively impacted all outcomes.

Conclusion
These readily available measurements can help with early risk stratification and prediction of prognosis.
Use of Infliximab to Treat Paradoxical Tuberculous Meningitis Reactions
Authors: Marais Ben J , Cheong Elaine , Fernando Shelanah , Daniel Santhosh , Watts Matthew R , Berglund Lucinda J , Barry Simone E , Kotsiou George , Headley Alex P , Stapledon Richard A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We documented dramatic responses to infliximab in 4 tuberculous meningitis cases with severe paradoxical reactions after effective antibacterial treatment, despite high-dose steroids. In every instance, infliximab was used as a last resort after all other options were exhausted, resulting in delayed initiation that may have adversely affected patient outcomes.