bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of clay shale using propylene glycol and laterite on california bearing ratio
Authors: Rahayu Wiwik 
Published: November 2019

AbstractClay shale in natural condition has a very high strength. Due to weathering caused by exposure with air and water, its strength will decrease significantly. Propylene glycol is established as an effective shale inhibitor in water-based muds. The effect of mixing propylene glycol with clay shale to increase its strength needs to be discussed. Sample of Citereup clay shale were mixed with propylene glycol with ratio 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 of its optimum water content. California Bearing Ratio test have been performed to determine clay shale bearing strength. Result indicates that clay shale stabilization using 30% propylene glycol can increase strength in unsoaked condition. Laterite soil mix also give additional bearing strength to clay shale specimen.
Experimental and analytical study on composite connection with cold-formed steel of double channel sections
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad , Saggaff Anis , Tahir Mahmod , Ngian Shek Poi , Sulaiman Arizu , Salih Musab Nimir 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The opportunity of Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) as an alternative construction material is still worth to be considered. The amounts of research concerning using this material is the evidence that the use of CFS is getting more acceptable. However, the studies of CFS as part of composite joint is yet to be established. This paper presents the use of 10mm thick hot-rolled gusset plate slipped between double lipped C-channel arranged back-to-back to form the proposed composite connection. Two specimens with and without seat angle were tested until failure. The weakness of thin plate behavior at the joint area was reduced by means of angle stiffener placed at the column web. The calculation procedure was developed due to limited design rule in Eurocode for this connection type, and compare with the experimental results to obtain the relationship between these two methods. It can be concluded that the use of seated angle has contributed to an increase in connection capacity.
Experimental investigation of flexural behaviour of U-shaped concrete subgrade panel
Authors: Kamarudin Nur Aiza Shuhada , Mohamed Azman , Nor Hasanan Md , Hainin Mohd Rosli , Khalid Nur Hafizah A. , Mohd Satar Mohd Khairul Idham 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In pavement design, subgrade condition is one of the criteria to be looked into. Poor subgrade made up of problematic soils could cause the soils to move upwards, known as heaving condition. The U-shaped subgrade concrete panel (USSP) is introduced in this study to help in reducing soil heave condition for low bearing capacity soils. This paper presents a description of the mechanical properties for the USSP flexural strength through experimental works. Flexural strength of USSP for 6 different sizes are compared with the control panel sizes of 150 × 150 × 50 mm, 300 × 300 × 50 mm and 600 × 600 × 70 mm. Modified supports of square-cross section steel blocks with the size of 45 × 45 mm were used in the 3-point flexural strength test to obtain the flexural strength of the control panel. The USSP sustained more flexural load compared to control panel ranging between 7 % to 88 %. The result of the flexural strength test shows that the introduction of the webs to USSP allows the USSP to sustain higher flexural load and induce lower modulus of rupture (MOR) compared to the control panel.
Design and realization bandpass filter with square groove defected at 3 GHz
Authors: Praludi Teguh , Taryana Yana , Sulaeman Yaya , Kurniawan Dayat 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, microstrip structure is developed to realized a. Bandpass filter at 3 GHz of the center frequency with 200 MHz bandwidth. The filter based on the hairpin method with used square groove technique at the resonators. It has compact in the size and also have good responses for insertion loss, return loss and bandwidth. The design methodology is present with design, fabrication and measurement the prototype used VNA. The filter designed for simulation and realization with substrate Roger 4350B with permittivity 3.48, loss tangent 0.0038, and thickness 1.524 mm using five poles resonators. The simulation and optimization is done using ADS 2011. Responses Insertion Loss at 3 GHz -0.7 dB and the Return Loss at -29.9 dB.
Optimization and estimation framework of smart farm based on spatial data mining and geostatistics
Authors: Kodong Frans Richard , Abdollah Mohd. Faizal , Othman Mohd. Fairuz Iskandar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The development of integrated information systems in the field of rice plant has become an urgent need for policy makers at both provincial and national levels, specialized in developing countries such as Indonesia. At this time, data related to rice avaibility is still spread across several agencies and difficult to access easily and quickly to support strategic and rapid decision making. This data is the level of fertility of rice plants, fertilizers and water content at certain locations and times. Fertilizers, new superior varieties and water content are production factors that are vital in supporting the efforts to increase national rice production. New superior varieties including hybrid rice are generally responsive to macro fertilizers NPC (Nitrogen-Phosporus-Calcium), where fertilization efficiency and effectiveness is very dependent on local location. The use of fertilizers with excessive doses must be prevented by socializing the right dosage specifically for location and time. The use of fertilizers with high doses of nitrogen also results in plants being more susceptible to plant pests. Based on the consideration of efficiency and sustainability, the use of uniform recommended doses for large areas and not considering the specific conditions of the plant is no longer relevant to be applied. Therefore the distribution of the characteristics of rice and soil at specific locations and times is very important information. Research objectives to develop technology that integrates operational information systems at farmer levels (SMS, GSM or IoT) and information systems in management levels with GIS, Spatial data mining, Kriging Interpolation and Artificial Intelligence systems that have prediction ability and optimization of food security problems, especially rice. Spatial data mining with approached geostatistics used to map the distribution of various factors, Nitrogen, Phosphousr, Calcium and Water content that influence the growth rate of rice plants. The results of this study are a smart farm framework that can estimate and optimize sustainability and availability of rice.
The review of computer aided diagnostic hypertensive retinopathy based on the retinal image processing
Authors: Wiharto  , Suryani Esti 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHypertensive retinopathy is a disease caused by acute high blood pressure. Examination of the disease can be done by analyzing the retina of the eye. Analysis can be done automatically by using the image processing of the retina from fundus cameras. The automation model is widely developed by combining a number of segmentation methods, classification algorithms and feature extraction. Unfortunately no one has reviewed a number of existing studies on the diagnosis of hypertensive retinopathy. In this study aims to conduct a review of a number of studies in the period 2010-2018 on the diagnosis of hypertensive retinopathy. The focus of the review is on the method of segmentation, feature extraction, and the classification algorithm used in the diagnostic model of hypertensive retinopathy. The review also includes comparisons of a number of diagnostic models that have been developed, and suggestions for further model development.
Finite element study on rotary friction welding process for mild steel
Authors: Yohanes Yohanes , Abdurrahman Ridwan , Ridwan Abrar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of study is to investigate friction welding of series of mild steel by using Finite element analysis by a 3D model made in order having a proper rotational speed and time friction. This Numerical analysis divided into two categories that is structural analysis, and thermal analysis. Structural analysis process parameters can also have divided 4 kinds that are frictional time, frictional pressure, deformation and rotational speed. The thermal analysis process parameters are dealing with and counted as heat flux, and temperature. Friction welding with three different rotational speeds (2000 RPM, 2500 RPM, and 3000 RPM) & three different friction time (150 s, 200 s, and 250 s) This study used SOLIDWORKS 2016 and ANSYS 17.2. SOLIDWORKS 2016 is the software used for designing work pieces’ geometry while ANSYS 17 is the software is used to analyzed finite element analysis on the work pieces. The second purpose of study is the numerical analysis would be compared with the experimental analysis. The experimental analysis is taken place at friction welding machine in the laboratory of technology production of the University of Riau. Based on the numerical analysis we can summarized that the faster the shaft rotates would resulting the higher the temperature generated, the higher the heat flux generated, & the higher the reduced of length. Also the influence of friction time shown that the longer the time of friction would result the lower the temperature generated, the lower the heat flux generated, the lower the reduced of length value. By compared the numerical and experimental analysis we can conclude that the difference reduced of length data between simulation and experimental happened because on simulation only input the friction pressure, while on experiment friction and forging pressure happened simultaneously. By interpolating the result with the melting point of mild steel (1350 °C ) we can gather the minimum requirement for getting a uniform weld temperature for each friction time, that were; 2650 rpm for 150 s friction time, 2852 rpm for 200 s friction time, & 3034 rpm for 250 s friction time.
Hydrocyclone classification control
Authors: Wieniewski A , Skorupska B , Szczepaniak K , Tomaka W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An overview of the classification systems in hydrocyclones in the copper ore enrichment departments at KGHM Polska Miedź SA was presented. In recent years, IMN has been conducting an investment - replacing hydrocyclones with modern HC hydrocyclone solutions - manufactured by ZAM Kęty and IMN. The results of implementing modern hydrocyclones are presented. The important issue is to define relation between values of pressure and/or hydrocyclone feed density and cut point achieved in these conditions for chosen classification node By disposing this relation, implemented to classification monitoring system is possible to maintain cut point value within the range ± 5 % of assumed value by preserving acceptable feed variation in industrial conditions: - change of suspension density ± 20 % in ratio to assumed value, - change of feed particle size d80 ± 15 % in ratio to assumed value.
The Study Of Influence Of Fine Coal Fraction Addition To Coking Blend And Its Partial Briquetting On Coke Quality Parameters
Authors: Rejdak M , Pawłowski P , Rodź A , Ignasiak K , Helt I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Paper presents the results of study of influence of fine coal fraction addition to coking blend and its partial briquetting on coke quality parameters CRI and CSR. CRI and CSR are currently the key quality parameters of coke commonly used to assess its technological suitability for blast furnace coke. The raw materials used for the research were coals and fine coal fractions (flotation concentrates) from one of the domestic producers of coking coals. These coals are the basic components of blends used in the domestic coke industry. Studies have shown that increase in the content of flotation concentrates (FC) in the coal blend results in a significant reduction of the bulk density of the coal charge. As a consequence of the decrease in the density of the coal charge, coke reactivity CRI increased and coke strength after reaction CSR decreased. To minimize the adverse impact of FC addition, partial batch briquetting was implemented. Briquetting of the coal charge made it possible to produce coke with qualitative parameters similar to the same blend without the addition of a flotation concentrate and allows to improve the quality of coke produced or to produce coke of the same quality but with a higher share of semi-soft coals
FGX air-vibrating separators for cleaning steam coal – functional and economical parameters
Authors: Blaschke W , Baic I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
FGX Dry Separators are a construction developed at the turn of the 20th century. It was created in China as a combination of a vertical jet air classifier and a vibration screen with a tapered channel. This structure has been modified (Figure 1). These separators proved to be very effective in deshaling of excavated coal. They are designed to remove as many grains of stone as possible. For this reason, separation is carried out in the thickness range above 2.0 g/cm3. The article describes the structure of dry separator as well as the principle of its operation. The factors influencing the enrichment efficiency and the separation accuracy of feed parameters have also been listed here. Moreover, the technical parameters of the separator which are subject to regulation and influence the course of the separation process have been discussed. Synthetic information on economic efficiency has been provided. The possibilities of application of FGX separators in the systems of existing enrichment plants or as independent processing plants have been presented. There are currently three FGX separators working in Poland. In the Institute of Mechanised Construction and Rock Mining in the Katowice Branch, the bituminous coal of some mines is tested on an installation with a capacity of up to 10 Mg/h. The results of the research confirm the possibility of implementing FGX separators in the bituminous coal mining in Poland. Two separators, with a capacity of about 30 Mg/h, improve the parameters of imported coal intended for individual customers; they are owned by private companies. More than 2000 FGX separators in more than a dozen countries are in operation in the world. They are effective and are referred to as ‘21st century technology’.
Energy Policy of Poland – current status, opportunities, challenges, threats
Authors: Polek D , Niedoba T , Mijał W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Energy security is currently one of the most important and widely discussed topics in the country. Over the years, Poland has not developed a coherent energy policy, and the consequences of it are currently being felt. New requirements of the European Union, ending of hard coal resources and its growing imports, weak ratio of energy from RES, no new opencast brown coal mines - this are only few problems of the contemporary energy policy of the country. The article presents the current situation of the power industry, reviewed the applicable laws - domestic and European, and also identified the greatest threats to the country’s energy security.
Role of the clinical learning environment in preparing new clinicians to engage in quality improvement efforts to eliminate health care disparities
Authors: Casey Baretta R , Chisholm-Burns Marie , Passiment Morgan , Wagner Robin , Riordan Laura , Weiss Kevin B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
The National Collaborative for Improving the Clinical Learning Environment offers guidance to health care leaders for engaging new clinicians in efforts to eliminate health care disparities.

Summary
To address health care disparities that are pervasive across the United States, individuals at all levels of the health care system need to commit to ensuring equity in care. Engaging new clinicians is a key element of any systems-based approach, as new clinicians will shape the future of health care delivery. Clinical learning environments, or the hospitals, medical centers, and ambulatory care clinics where new clinicians train, have an important role in this process. Efforts may include training in cultural humility and cultural competency, education about the organization’s vulnerable populations, and continuous interprofessional experiential learning through comprehensive, systems-based QI efforts focused on eliminating health care disparities.

Conclusion
By preparing and supporting new clinicians to engage in systems-based QI efforts to eliminate health care disparities, clinical learning environments are instilling skills and supporting behaviors that clinicians can build throughout their careers—and helping pave the road towards equity throughout the US health care system.
Survey of drug information centers in the United States—2018
Authors: Grossman Sara , Nathan Joseph P , Ipema Heather J , Ness Genevieve Lynn , Tierno Holli E , Gabay Michael P , Calip Gregory S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To provide a current directory of drug information centers (DICs) in the United States and present information about their characteristics, activities and services, and networking activities.

Methods
In February 2018, an electronic 23-question survey was delivered to 118 contacts on a distribution list compiled from previous directories of DICs, responses to listserv messages, and an Internet search. DICs, defined as formal centers dedicated to providing drug information services, including but not limited to responding to drug information requests, were asked questions about their characteristics, activities and services, drug information requests, and networking activities.

Results
The response rate was 79% (93 of 118 DICs). Of the 93 respondents, 82 (88%) met the definition of a DIC and were included in the directory. Of the 82 included DICs, 37 (45%) belonged to a university or college, while 36 (44%) belonged to a medical center or hospital. Seventy percent of the DICs (n = 57) had been in existence for more than 20 years. Of the 81 respondents reporting activities performed at the DICs, precepting pharmacy students (n = 79, 98%) and training pharmacy residents and/or fellows (n = 68, 84%) were most commonly reported. Nearly 90% reported that answering drug information questions was central to the DIC operations. Most DICs (n = 52, 65%) indicated receiving an average of 50 requests or less on a monthly basis. DICs reported a variety of electronic means of communicating with the DIC community, although 16 (21%) of the 77 respondents reported no need to do so.

Conclusion
The survey identified 82 DICs that collectively provide a variety of services to their clienteles. The DIC directory published herein should facilitate networking among DICs.
Prenatal exercise reverses high-fat-diet-induced placental alterations and alters male fetal hypothalamus during late gestation in rats†
Authors: Song Lin , Yan Jianqun , Wang Nan , Wei Xiaojing , Luo Xiao , Meng Kai , Sun Bo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Maternal high-fat (HF) diet negatively affects maternal metabolism and placental function. This study aimed to determine whether gestational exercise prevents the effect of HF diet on placental amino acid transporter expression and nutrient-sensing signaling and the fetal response. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were either fed with a CHOW (13.5% fat) or HF (60% fat) diet during gestation and further divided into two subgroups: voluntary exercised and sedentary. Placentae were collected on gestational day (GD) 14 and GD20, and male placentae were used in this study. We found that gestational exercise ameliorated the detrimental effects of HF diet on dams’ adiposity, plasma leptin, and insulin concentrations. Maternal exercise did not influence fetoplacental growth but affected male fetal hypothalamic Leprb, Stat3, Insr, Agrp, and Pomc expressions on GD20. Maternal HF diet decreased placental labyrinth thickness and increased system A amino acid transporter SNAT2 expression, while these changes were normalized by exercise. The activation of placental mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1/4E-BP1 and LepRb/STAT3 signaling might contribute to the increased placental SNAT2 expression in HF-fed dams, which were reversed by exercise on GD20. These data highlight that gestational exercise reverses HF-diet-induced placental alterations during late gestation without influencing fetal growth. However, maternal exercise altered fetal hypothalamic gene expression, which may affect long-term offspring health.
Beyond classic editing: innovative CRISPR approaches for functional studies of long non-coding RNA
Authors: Awwad Dahlia A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) makeup a considerable part of the non-coding human genome and had been well-established as crucial players in an array of biological processes. In spite of their abundance and versatile roles, their functional characteristics remain largely undiscovered mainly due to the lack of suitable genetic manipulation tools. The emerging CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been widely adapted in several studies that aim to screen and identify novel lncRNAs as well as interrogate the functional properties of specific lncRNAs. However, the complexity of lncRNAs genes and the regulatory mechanisms that govern their transcription, as well as their unique functionality pose several limitations the utilization of classic CRISPR methods in lncRNAs functional studies. Here, we overview the unique characteristics of lncRNAs transcription and function and the suitability of the CRISPR toolbox for applications in functional characterization of lncRNAs. We discuss some of the novel variations to the classic CRISPR/Cas9 system that have been tailored and applied previously to study several aspects of lncRNAs functionality. Finally, we share perspectives on the potential applications of various CRISPR systems, including RNA-targeting, in the direct editing and manipulation of lncRNAs.
Ethnic Differences in Functional Limitations by Age Across the Adult Life Course
Authors: Williams Emily D , Cox Anna , Cooper Rachel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Despite compelling evidence from the United States of ethnic inequalities in physical functioning and ethnic differences in risk factors for poor physical functioning, very little is known about ethnic differences in the United Kingdom. Furthermore, the life stage at which these ethnic differentials are first observed has not been examined.

Methods
Using cross-sectional data from Wave 1 of the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS), we compared self-reported physical functioning among 35,816 White British, 4,450 South Asian and 2,512 African Caribbean men and women across different stages of adulthood (young adulthood, early middle age, late middle age, older age). Regression analyses examined ethnic differences in functional limitations, with adjustment for socioeconomic and clinical covariates. Ethnicity by sex and ethnicity by age-group interactions were examined, and subgroup heterogeneity was explored.

Results
Compared with White British adults over the age of 60, older South Asian men and women reported higher odds of functional limitations (odds ratio [OR] 2.77 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 2.00–3.89] and OR 3.99 [2.61–6.10], respectively); these ethnic differentials were observed as early as young adulthood. Young African Caribbean men had lower odds of functional limitations than White British men (OR 0.56 [0.34–0.94]), yet African Caribbean women reported higher odds of functional limitations in older age (OR 1.84 [1.21–2.79]).

Conclusions
There is an elevated risk of functional limitations relating to ethnicity, even in young adulthood where the impact on future health and socioeconomic position is considerable. When planning and delivering health care services to reduce ethnic inequalities in functional health, the intersectionality with age and sex should be considered.