bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graduated nurses' experiences with baccalaureate thesis writing: A qualitative study
Authors: Aguayo‐González Mariela , Leyva‐Moral Juan M. , San Rafael Sabiniana , Fernandez Maria Isabel , Gómez‐Ibáñez Rebeca 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study explores the perceptions of newly graduated nurses regarding the baccalaureate thesis (BT) writing process. A qualitative approach with content analysis was adopted. Thirteen newly graduated nurses participated in the study. The inclusion criterion was having completed the BT during their university education as nurses within 3 years of the study. Information was obtained through semistructured interviews. Data collection began in June 2018 and ended in March 2019, once saturation of information was reached. Three major categories were identified: the beginning of the process, the advantages of Baccalaureate thesis writing, and the teacher's role. The participants expressed that their training focused on a synthetic and particular type of writing that is necessary for clinical scenarios but not suitable for scientific academic texts. Additionally, reflective diaries were described as a powerful writing practice during their studies. Participants conceive the realization of the baccalaureate thesis as a difficult process, especially as regards selecting, synthesizing, and writing about the available information, processes that they indicated generate anxiety. Academic writing skills should be specifically included in the nursing curriculum.
Accuracy of a Novel 3D‐Printed Patient‐Specific Intramedullary Guide to Control Femoral Component Rotation in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Sun Mao‐lin , Zhang Ying , Peng Yang , Fu De‐jie , Fan Hua‐quan , He Rui 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most universal and effective means for treating terminal stage osteoarthritis (OA) of knee. Accurate intramedullary guide of femur is the basis for the distal femoral cuts. Determining the surgical transepicondylar axis (sTEA) is the key to reconstruction of the femoral rotational alignment, because the correct rotational alignment can place the femoral component in the right position, balance the flexion gap so that the inner and outer tension is equal, get stability during the flexion process of the knee, and enhance the quality of life of patients. With the development of three‐dimensional printing (3DP) technology in the medical domain, the application of patient‐specific instrumentation (PSI) in arthroplasty has become more common. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a novel 3D‐printed patient‐specific intramedullary guide to control femoral component rotation in TKA.MethodsEighty patients (65 females and 15 males) with knee OA were included in this prospective randomized study. The patients were divided into two groups by random number table method, 40 in each group. TKA assisted by PSI (PSI group) and conventional TKA (conventional group) was performed respectively. Clinical outcomes [operation time, postoperative drainage volume, duration of drainage, Hospital for Special Surgery knee score (HSS), American Knee Society knee score (AKS)] and radiological outcomes [hip‐knee‐ankle angle (HKA), posterior condylar angle (PCA), patella transverse axis‐femoral transepicondylar axis angle (PFA), depth of intramedullary guide] were compared between and within the two groups.ResultsPSI group had less postoperative drainage volume but longer operation time than the conventional group (P < 0.05). The AKS and HSS scores after surgery were improved compared with those before surgery in each group (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the duration of drainage and range of motion (ROM) after surgery between the two groups. For the radiological results, the HKA and PFA were improved after surgery in both groups (P < 0.05).The postoperative PFA and PCA of the PSI group were closer to 0°, which was better than that of the conventional group (P < 0.05). The depth of intramedullary guide in the PSI group was less than the conventional group (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference in HKA before and after surgery between the two groups as well as the preoperative PFA.ConclusionThe short‐term clinical efficacy of TKA assisted by PSI was similar to the conventional TKA. Although TKA assisted by PSI spent more time during operation, it could assist in intramedullary guide and align femoral rotation more accurately.
Chemical cardioversion of atrial flutter and fibrillation in the pediatric population with Ibutilide
Authors: Dasgupta Soham , Dave Ishaan , Whitehill Robert , Fischbach Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionAtrial flutter (AFL) and atrial fibrillation (AF) are common in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and structurally normal hearts as well. Chemical cardioversion is attractive for patients with AFL/AF for a short period of time because of the ability to avoid sedation. We review a single center's experience with Ibutilide in pediatric patients in an effort to report on its safety and efficacy.MethodsWe performed a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients (0‐21 years) who underwent chemical cardioversion for AFL/AF with Ibutilide (January 2011‐February 2019). Patients on another antiarrhythmic medication or attempted chemical cardioversion with another drug were excluded.ResultsThere were 21 patients who met inclusion criteria. Thirteen of the 21 (62%) patients were successfully cardioverted with Ibutilide (10 out of 13 had AF and four out of 13 required a second dose). There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between those who were successfully cardioverted compared to those who were not. Administration of magnesium prior to administration did not appear to have an effect on the success rate. There was a significant increase in rate corrected QT interval (QTc) post Ibutilide administration, which returned to baseline prior to discharge. One patient had symptomatic bradycardia needing intravenous fluids and another had torsades requiring electrical cardioversion during Ibutilide administration.ConclusionsThe success rate of chemical cardioversion with Ibutilide was similar in our experience as compared to studies in the adult population and the other lone pediatric study. Although adverse events were uncommon, Ibutilide administration warrants close monitoring and fully defining its efficacy warrants further pediatric experience.
Hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of Waldenström in children
Authors: Theisen Erin , Lee Dylan E. , Pei Susan , Schauder David M. , Chiu Yvonne E. , Brandling‐Bennett Heather , Curran Megan L. , Klein‐Gitelman Marisa , Co Dominic O. , Arkin Lisa M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundHypergammaglobulinemic purpura of Waldenström (HGPW), a rare cutaneous eruption characterized by the triad of recurrent episodes of lower extremity petechiae, symptoms of stinging and burning, and lower extremity edema, is poorly described in children. Some children have been reported to follow a benign course, while others are eventually diagnosed with fulminant rheumatologic disease.ObjectivesTo determine the distinguishing features of HGPW including the spectrum of disease manifestations and clinical outcomes.MethodsThis is a multicenter, retrospective case series of six children with HGPW combined with a literature review of 45 previously published pediatric cases.ResultsMost children were eventually diagnosed with systemic disease (63%) or developed autoantibody accumulation suggestive of evolving disease (71%). The most common diagnoses were Sjogren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. The mean duration between onset of cutaneous eruption and diagnosis of systemic disease was 5.6 years, underscoring that HPGW patients often present with a rash that precedes the development of systemic symptoms.ConclusionsDiagnosis of HGPW should prompt initial screening for rheumatologic disease with long‐term rheumatology follow‐up, as the majority of patients present with evolving manifestations of systemic disease.
Menstrual bleeding, cycle length, and follicular and luteal phase lengths in women without known subfertility: A pooled analysis of three cohorts
Authors: Najmabadi Shahpar , Schliep Karen C. , Simonsen Sara E. , Porucznik Christina A. , Egger Marlene J. , Stanford Joseph B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is variability between women for days of menstrual bleeding, cycle lengths, follicular phase lengths, and luteal phase lengths, related to age and parity.ObjectiveTo describe total cycle length; anovulatory cycles; follicular and luteal phase lengths; and days and intensity of menstrual and non‐menstrual bleeding in women without known subfertility over the course of 1 year.Methods581 women (3,324 cycles) with no known subfertility (18‐40 years of age) were followed for up to 1 year. Women recorded vaginal bleeding and mucus discharge daily. We used the peak day of cervical mucus as the estimated day of ovulation and the last day of the follicular phase. We used generalised linear mixed models stratified by age and parity to describe menstrual cycle parameters.ResultsThe majority of women were <30 years of age (74.5%), non‐Hispanic White (88.6%), and nulliparous (70.4%). The mean menses length was 6.2 (1.5) days, median 6; cycle length 30.3 (6.7) days, median 29; follicular phase length 18.5 (6.5) days, median 17; and luteal phase length 11.7 (2.8) days, median 12. Nulliparous women aged ≥30 years vs nulliparous women aged <30 had shorter cycles (29.2 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) 27.8, 30.7 vs 31.5 days, 95% CI 30.8, 32.2) and shorter follicular phases (17.6 days, 95% CI 16.2, 18.9 vs 19.6 days, 95% CI 18.9, 20.2). Among all women, within‐woman differences between the longest and shortest menses length >3 days, total cycle length >7 days, follicular phase >7 days, and luteal phase >3 days were found in 11.6%, 43.0%, 41.7%, and 58.8% of women, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings confirm variability between women of menstrual cycle parameters related to age and parity, and also highlight within‐woman variability in the follicular and luteal phases.
The relationship between acrosome reaction and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in boar sperm
Authors: Lee Sang‐Hee , Kim Yu‐Jin , Kang Byeong Ho , Yun Yong Sik , Park Choon‐Keun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship between acrosome reactions and fatty acid composition with respect to fertility in boar sperm. The acrosome reaction was induced more than 85% by 60 mM methyl‐beta‐cyclodextrin (MBCD), and plasma membrane integrity was significantly reduced dependent on the MBCD level in boar sperm (p < .05). The acrosome‐reacted sperm exhibited significantly higher saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and lower polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) composition compared to the non‐acrosome reaction group (p < .0001). In addition, the PUFAs, C22:5n‐6 (docosapentaenoic acid [DPA]; p < .01) and C22:6n‐3 (docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]; p < .0001) were significantly decreased, and cleavage and blastocyst formation of oocytes were significantly (p < .0001) decreased in acrosome‐reacted sperm relative to non‐acrosome‐reacted sperm. Moreover, acrosome reaction was positively correlated with SFAs, whereas negatively correlated with PUFAs, of the PUFAs, the DPA (p = .0005) and DHA (p = <.0001) were negatively correlated with the acrosome reaction. Therefore, these results suggest that the PUFAs composition of sperm is closely involved in acrosome reaction in pigs.
Well, I feel differently: The importance of considering affective patterns in groups
Authors: Emich Kyle J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhile it is widely recognized that groups represent strong contexts that influence the affective states of their members, this convergent framing has resulted in the neglect of the systematic study of what occurs when group members' affective states differ. This is an unfortunate oversight. The study of how group members' qualitatively different affective states influence their mindsets and behaviors and interact to drive collective group processes and has the potential to greatly inform broader theory on affective and social influence in groups. To address group affective divergence in the context of established convergence processes, I reframe the consideration of group affect aroundgroup affective patterns. Then, I draw on the broader group's literature to set a research agenda for the study of group affective patterns. This agenda allows for the more nuanced examination of how multiple discrete affective states influence each other and align with other group member attributes (e.g., personality, attitudes) to impact group processes and outcomes.
Expansionism and Mereological Universalism
Authors: Lando Giorgio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMereological universalists, according to whom every plurality of entities has a fusion, usually claim that most quantifications are restricted to ordinary entities. However, there is no evidence that our usual quantifications over ordinary objects are restricted. In this article I explore an alternative way of reconciling Mereological Universalism with our usual quantifications. I resort to a modest form of ontological expansionism and to the so‐called interpretational modalities. Quantifications over ordinary objects are the initial stages of the expansion. From these initial stages, expansions can proceed upwards (fusions of entities in the domain of quantification are added), downwards (parts of entities in the domain are added), and sidewards (entities which are mereologically disjoint from the entities in the domain are added). These expansions are driven by a variety of epistemic and pragmatic reasons and raise different kinds of problems. At each stage, a modalized version of Mereological Universalism is true. By contrast, only at some especially rich stages, standard, non‐modalized Mereological Universalism is true as well. Among these especially rich stages, there is a final, metaphysically pre‐eminent stage of mereological plenitude. In the last part of the article I discuss some problems and limitations of expansionism.
Ultrastructural insights into pathogen clearance by autophagy
Authors: Kishi‐Itakura Chieko , Ktistakis Nicholas T. , Buss Folma 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAutophagy defends cells against proliferation of bacteria such as Salmonella in the cytosol. After escape from a damaged Salmonella‐containing vacuole (SCV) exposing luminal glycans that bind to Galectin‐8, the host cell ubiquitination machinery deposits a dense layer of ubiquitin around the cytosolic bacteria. The nature and spatial distribution of this ubiquitin coat in relation to other autophagy‐related membranes are unknown. Using transmission electron microscopy, we determined the exact localisation of ubiquitin, the ruptured SCV membrane and phagophores around cytosolic Salmonella. Ubiquitin was not predominantly present on the Salmonella surface, but enriched on the fragmented SCV. Cytosolic bacteria without SCVs were less efficiently targeted by phagophores. Single bacteria were contained in single phagophores but multiple bacteria could be within large autophagic vacuoles reaching 30 μm in circumference. These large phagophores followed the contour of the engulfed bacteria, they were frequently in close association with endoplasmic reticulum membranes and, within them, remnants of the SCV were seen associated with each engulfed particle. Our data suggest that the Salmonella SCV has a major role in the formation of autophagic phagophores and highlight evolutionary conserved parallel mechanisms between xenophagy and mitophagy with the fragmented SCV and the damaged outer mitochondrial membrane serving similar functions.
Slowing decline in blood collection and transfusion in the United States – 2017
Authors: Jones Jefferson M. , Sapiano Mathew R. P. , Savinkina Alexandra A. , Haass Kathryn A. , Baker Misha L. , Henry Richard A. , Berger James J. , Basavaraju Sridhar V. 
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCTIONThe National Blood Collection and Utilization Survey (NBCUS) has demonstrated declines in blood collection and transfusion in the United States since 2008, including declines of 11.6% in red blood cell (RBC) collections and 13.9% in RBC transfusions during 2013‐2015. This study described the 2017 NBCUS results.METHODSThe 2017 NBCUS was distributed to all US blood collection centers, all hospitals performing at least 1000 surgeries annually, and a 40% random sample of hospitals performing 100 to 999 surgeries annually. Weighting and imputation were used to generate national estimates for units of blood and components collected, deferred, distributed, transfused, and outdated.RESULTSResponse rates for the 2017 NBCUS were 88% for blood collection centers and 86% for transfusing hospitals. Compared with 2015, the number of RBC units collected during 2017 (12,211,000; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11,680,000‐12,742,000) declined by 3.0%, and transfused RBC units (10,654,000, 95% CI, 10,314,000‐10,995,000) declined by 6.1%. Distributed platelet (PLT) units (2,560,000; 95% CI, 2,391,000‐2,730,000 units) increased by 5.1%, and transfused PLT units (1,937,000, 95% CI, 1,794,000‐2,079,000) declined by 2.3%. Distributed plasma units (3,209,000; 95% CI, 2,879,000‐3,539,000) declined by 13.6%, and transfused plasma units (2,374,000; 95% CI, 2,262,000‐2,487,000) declined by 12.9%.CONCLUSIONThe 2017 NBCUS suggests a continued but slowing decline in demand for RBCs. The decline in blood collection and use will likely continue. Despite decreasing demand and increasing manufacturing costs of blood products, the US blood industry has met the regular and emergent needs of the country.
Zika virus infection studies with CD34+ hematopoietic and megakaryocyte‐erythroid progenitors, red blood cells and platelets
Authors: Roth Hanna , Schneider Lucas , Eberle Regina , Lausen Jörn , Modlich Ute , Blümel Johannes , Baylis Sally A. 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUNDTo date, several cases of transfusion‐transmitted ZIKV infections have been confirmed. Multiple studies detected prolonged occurrence of ZIKV viral RNA in whole blood as compared to plasma samples indicating potential ZIKV interaction with hematopoietic cells. Also, infection of cells from the granulocyte/macrophage lineage has been demonstrated. Patients may develop severe thrombocytopenia, microcytic anemia, and a fatal course of disease occurred in a patient with sickle cell anemia suggesting additional interference of ZIKV with erythroid and megakaryocytic cells. Therefore, we analyzed whether ZIKV propagates in or compartmentalizes with hematopoietic progenitor, erythroid, and megakaryocytic cells.METHODSZIKV RNA replication, protein translation and infectious particle formation in hematopoietic cell lines as well as primary CD34+ HSPCs and ex vivo differentiated erythroid and megakaryocytic cells was monitored using qRT‐PCR, FACS, immunofluorescence analysis and infectivity assays. Distribution of ZIKV RNA and infectious particles in spiked red blood cell (RBC) units or platelet concentrates (PCs) was evaluated.RESULTSWhile subsets of K562 and KU812Ep6EPO cells supported ZIKV propagation, primary CD34+ HSPCs, MEP cells, RBCs, and platelets were non‐permissive for ZIKV infection. In spiking studies, ZIKV RNA was detectable for 7 days in all fractions of RBC units and PCs, however, ZIKV infectious particles were not associated with erythrocytes or platelets.CONCLUSIONViral particles from plasma or contaminating leukocytes, rather than purified CD34+ HSPCs or the cellular component of RBC units or PCs, present the greatest risk for transfusion‐transmitted ZIKV infections.
In canine bacterial pneumonia circulating granulocyte counts determine outcome from donor cells
Authors: Applefeld Willard N. , Wang Jeffrey , Sun Junfeng , Solomon Steven B. , Feng Jing , Risoleo Thomas , Cortés‐Puch Irene , Gouél‐Cheron Aurélie , Klein Harvey G. , Natanson Charles 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUNDIn experimental canine septic shock, depressed circulating granulocyte counts were associated with a poor outcome and increasing counts with prophylactic granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) improved outcome. Therapeutic G‐CSF, in contrast, did not improve circulating counts or outcome, and therefore investigation was undertaken to determine whether transfusing granulocytes therapeutically would improve outcome.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSTwenty‐eight purpose‐bred beagles underwent an intrabronchial Staphylococcus aureus challenge and 4 hours later were randomly assigned to granulocyte (40‐100 × 109 cells) or plasma transfusion.RESULTSGranulocyte transfusion significantly expanded the low circulating counts for hours compared to septic controls but was not associated with significant mortality benefit (1/14, 7% vs. 2/14, 14%, respectively; p = 0.29). Septic animals with higher granulocyte count at 4 hours (median [interquartile range] of 3.81 3.39‐5.05] vs. 1.77 [1.25‐2.50]) had significantly increased survival independent of whether they were transfused with granulocytes. In a subgroup analysis, animals with higher circulating granulocyte counts receiving donor granulocytes had worsened lung injury compared to septic controls. Conversely, donor granulocytes decreased lung injury in septic animals with lower counts.CONCLUSIONDuring bacterial pneumonia, circulating counts predict the outcome of transfusing granulocytes. With low but normal counts, transfusing granulocytes does not improve survival and injures the lung, whereas for animals with very low counts, but not absolute neutropenia, granulocyte transfusion improves lung function.
Ensuring HLA‐matched platelet support requires an ethnic diverse donor population
Authors: Kreuger Aukje L. , Haasnoot Geert W. , Somers Judith A.E. , Tomson Bert , van der Bon Johanna G. , van Kraaij Marian G.J. , Weller Claudia M. 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUNDPatients refractory for platelet transfusions benefit from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐matched platelet transfusions. Differences in ethnic background of patients and donors could hamper the availability of sufficient numbers of HLA‐matched donors for all patients. We evaluated our HLA‐matched donor program and explored the role of ethnic background of patients related to the number of available donors.METHODSWe performed a cohort study among consecutive patients who received HLA‐matched platelet concentrates in the Netherlands between 1994 and 2017. The number of available matched donors was determined per patient. Haplotypes were constructed from genotypes with computer software (PyPop). Based on haplotypes, HaploStats, an algorithm from the National Marrow Donor Program, was used to assess the most likely ethnic background for patients with 5 or fewer and 30 or more donors.RESULTSHLA typing was available for 19,478 donors in September 2017. A total of 1206 patients received 12,350 HLA‐matched transfusions. A median of 83 (interquartile range, 18‐266) donors were available per patient. For 95 (10.3%) patients, 5 or fewer donors were available. These patients were more likely to have an African American background, whereas patients with 30 or more donors were more often from Caucasian origin, compared with Caucasian origin for patients with 30 donors.CONCLUSIONAdequate transfusion support could be guaranteed for most but not all refractory patients. More non‐Caucasian donors are required to ensure the availability of HLA‐matched donors for all patients in the Netherlands.