bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol registration issues of systematic review and meta-analysis studies: a survey of global researchers
Authors: Tawfik Gehad Mohamed , Giang Hoang Thi Nam , Ghozy Sherief , Altibi Ahmed M. , Kandil Hend , Le Huu-Hoai , Eid Peter Samuel , Radwan Ibrahim , Makram Omar Mohamed , Hien Tong Thi Thu , Sherif Mahmoud , Hossain As-Saba , Thang Tai Luu Lam , Puljak Livia , Salem Hosni , Numair Tarek , Moji Kazuhiko , Huy Nguyen Tien 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Although protocol registration of systematic reviews/meta-analysis (SR/MA) is still not mandatory, authors are strongly suggested to publish their SR/MA protocols prior to submitting their manuscripts for publication as recommended by the Cochrane guidelines for conducting SR/MAs. We aimed to assess awareness, obstacles, and opinions of SR/MA authors about the protocol registration process. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study included all authors who published SR/MAs during the period from 2010 to 2016 were contacted for participation in our survey study. They were identified through the literature search of SR/MAs in Scopus database. Upon receiving their approval to join our study, an online questionnaire was sent via e-mail to each participant. We received 275 responses from 6650 successfully sent emails.Results: A total of 270 authors' responses were complete and were included in the final analysis. Our results showed that PROSPERO was the most commonly used database for protocol registration (71.3%). The registration-to-acceptance interval in PROSPERO was less than one month (99.1%). Almost half of the authors (44.2%) did not register their protocols prior to publishing their SR/MAs and their opinion that lack of knowledge of its importance and mandance to be registered was the most commonly reported reason (44.9%). A significant proportion of respondents (37.4%) believed that people would steal their ideas from protocol databases, while only 5.3% reported that their SR/MA had been stolen. However, the majority (72.9%) of participants agreed that protocol registries have a role in preventing unnecessary duplication of reviews. Finally, 37.4% of participants agreed that SR/MA protocol registration should be mandatory. Conclusion: About half of the participants seemed that the primary reason for not registering such protocols, that was not knowing that protocols must or should be mandatory. Therefore, tools should be available to mandate protocol registration of any SRs beforehand and increasing awareness about the benefits of protocol registration among researchers.
Fetal circulating human resistin increases in diabetes during pregnancy and impairs placental mitochondrial biogenesis
Authors: Jiang Shaoning , Teague April M. , Tryggestad Jeanie B. , Lyons Timothy J. , Chernausek Steven D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetes during pregnancy affects placental mitochondrial content and function, which has the potential to impact fetal development and the long-term health of offspring. Resistin is a peptide hormone originally discovered in mice as an adipocyte-derived factor that induced insulin resistance. In humans, resistin is primarily secreted by monocytes or macrophages. The regulation and roles of human resistin in diabetes during pregnancy remain unclear. Methods: Fetal resistin levels were measured in cord blood from pregnancies with (n=42) and without maternal diabetes (n=81). Secretion of resistin from cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) was measured. The actions of human resistin in mitochondrial biogenesis were determined in placental trophoblastic cells (BeWo cells) or human placental explant.Results: Concentrations of human resistin in cord sera were higher in diabetic pregnancies (67 ng/ml) compared to healthy controls (50 ng/ml, P< 0.05), and correlated (r=0.4, P=0.002) with a measure of maternal glycemia (glucose concentration 2 h post challenge). Resistin mRNA was most abundant in cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) compared with placenta and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Secretion of resistin from cultured CBMCs was increased in response to high glucose (25 mM). Exposing BeWo cells or human placental explant to resistin decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), mitochondrial abundance, and ATP production. Conclusions: Resistin is increased in fetal circulation of infants exposed to the diabetic milieu, potentially reflecting a response of monocytes/macrophages to hyperglycemia and metabolic stresses associated with diabetes during pregnancy. Increased exposure to resistin may contribute to mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant energy metabolism characteristic of offspring exposed to diabetes in utero.
Erenumab in highly therapy-refractory migraine patients First German Real-world evidence
Authors: Scheffler Armin , Messel Olga , Wurthmann Sebastian , Nsaka Michael , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Glas Martin , Naegel Steffen , Holle-Lee Dagny 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAB) are the first specific migraine prophylactic medication. Erenumab is the only CGRP mAB targeting the CGRP receptor. Clinical data regarding efficacy and tolerability of erenumab in highly therapy-refractory patients are not available, yet, although many patients treated with CGRP mAB under real world conditions can be considered as highly therapy-refractory.Methods: Clinical routine data of highly therapy-refractory migraine patients treated with erenumab 70mg for three months between November 2018 and December 2019 in the West German Headache Center, University Hospital Essen, Germany, were analysed. Monthly migraine days (MMD), monthly headache days (MHD) and days of acute medication intake (AMD) were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test. Descriptive statistics were performed to evaluate changes of vegetative symptoms, acute medication response, side effects, as well as treatment satisfaction.Results: Complete clinical data were available for 26 episodic (EM) and 74 chronic (CM) migraineurs. Sixty-six % (n=49) of CM patients had an additional medication overuse headache (MOH). After three months 57.7 % of EM patients and 41.9 % of CM patients had a 50% or greater reduction of MMD. The mean number of MMD was reduced by 3.43 (SE 1.26) in EM, and by 4.72 (SE 0.87) in CM. Thirty-nine patients (52.7%) returned from chronic to episodic course of migraine. After three months, 23 patients (46.9%) were not suffering from a MOH anymore.Conclusions: Erenumab seems to be a promising therapeutic option in highly therapy-refractory migraine patients.Trial registration: Retrospective registered.
First month of the epidemic caused by COVID-19 in Italy: current status and real-time outbreak development forecast
Authors: Megna Rosario 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The first outbreaks of COVID-19 in Italy occurred during the second half of February 2020 in some areas in the North of the country. Due to the high contagiousness of the infection, further spread by asymptomatic people, Italy has become in a few weeks the country with the greatest number of infected people in the world. The large number of severe cases among infected people in Italy led to the hospitalization of thousands of patients, with a heavy burden on the National Health Service.Methods: We analyzed data provided daily by Italian Authorities for the period from 24 February 2020 to 30 March 2020. Considering such information, we developed a forecast model in real-time, based on the cumulative log-logistic distribution. Results: A total of 101,739 infected individuals were confirmed until 30 March 2020, of which 14,620 recovered or discharged, and 11,591 deaths. Until the same date patients quarantined at home were 43,752, whereas hospitalized patients were 31,776, of which 3,981 in intensive care. The active cases (i.e. the number of patients not yet recovered until that date) were 75,528. The forecast model estimated a number of infected persons for Italy of 234,000 about, and a duration of the epidemic of approximately 4 months. Conclusions: One month after the first outbreaks there seemed to be the first signs of a decrease in the number of infections, showing that we could be now facing the descending phase of the epidemic. The forecast obtained thanks to our model could be used by decision-makers to implement coordinative and collaborative efforts in order to control the epidemic. The pandemic due to novel Coronavirus must be a warning for all countries worldwide, regarding a rapid and complete dissemination of information, surveillance, health organization, and cooperation among the states.
Comparison of Conventional Fenestration Discectomy with Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy for Treating Lumbar Disc Herniation:Maximum 5 year follow-up in 1,100 patients
Authors: Li Quanyi , zhou yongchun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the efficacy of conventional interlaminar fenestration discectomy (IFD) with percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) for treating lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods: The clinical data of 1,100 patients who had been diagnosed with LDH between January 2012 and December 2017 were retrospectively analysed. IFD was performed on 605 patients in Group A, whereas PTED was performed on 505 patients in Group B. The Oswestry Disability Index, Visual Analogue Scale for pain and modified MacNab criteria were used to evaluate the outcomes. The surgery duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative off-bed activity and postoperative length of hospital stay were recorded. Results: The follow-up period ranged from 24 to 60 months, with an average of 43 months. The excellent and good outcome rates were 93.5% in Group A and 92.6% in Group B. There was no significant difference in efficacy between the groups (P > 0.05). However, Group B had significantly less intraoperative blood loss and shorter bed rest duration and postoperative length of hospital stay than Group A (P < 0.05). There were two cases of postoperative recurrence in Group A and three in Group B. Conclusions: Although conventional IFD and PTED had similar levels of efficacy in treating LDH, PTED had several advantages. There was less intraoperative bleeding, shorter length of hospital stay and shorter bed rest duration. It can be considered a safe and effective surgical option for treating LDH.
Comparison of oral health behaviour between dental and non-dental undergraduates in a university in southwestern China——exploring the future priority for oral health education
Authors: Li Mingming , Wu Zhiwu , Zhang Rui , Lei Lei , Ye Siqi , Cheng Ran , Hu Tao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Based on a national survey in 2015, people’s oral health knowledge and attitudes in China have greatly improved after decades of oral health education (OHE). However, dental caries and periodontal disease are still serious oral problems. People’s oral health behaviour has not kept up with the pace of knowledge and attitudes. The objective of this study was to determine undergraduates’ oral health behaviour status and existing problems by comparing dental students and non-dental students at Sichuan University. We hope to provide some suggestions for future OHE.Methods: A quasi-experimental study designed with a pre-test and a post-test group was conducted. A total of 217 dental students and 135 non-dental students were enrolled. They were given a course of OHE focused on oral health behaviour. A survey about oral health behaviour and knowledge was conducted before and after the course.Results: According to the pre-course survey, dental students surpassed non-dental students in terms of toothbrushing frequency, method, time and flossing. Unfortunately, flossing was overlooked by all the students. After the course, both dental and non-dental students showed strong willingness to improve their oral health behaviour. More non-dental students than dental students were willing to use toothpicks and Chinese herbal toothpaste before and after the course.Conclusion: OHE focused on behaviour plays a positive role for university students. Future OHE and interventions should focus on flossing, toothbrushing methods, toothpicks, Chinese herbal toothpaste and modifications to adopt new media.
Socioeconomic inequalities trends in child health comparing within and between group inequalities: Food insecurity and malnutrition in Zimbabwe
Authors: Lukwa Akim Tafadzwa , Siya Aggrey , Zablon Karen Nelwin , Azam James , Alaba Olufunke A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Food insecurity and malnutrition in children are pervasive public health concerns in Zimbabwe. Several studies previously done, only identified determinants of food insecurity and malnutrition with very little efforts have been done in assessing related inequalities and decomposing the inequalities across household characteristics in Zimbabwe. This study explored socioeconomic inequalities trends in child health using the decomposition approach to compare within and between group inequalities. Methods The study used Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data sets of 2010\11 and 2015. Food insecurity in children was determined based on the WHO dietary diversity score. Minimum dietary diversity was defined by a cut- off point of >4 therefore, in this study children with less than 3 of the 13 food groups were defined as food insecure. Malnutrition was assessed using weight for age Z-score, with children whose weight-for-age Z-score below minus two standard deviations (-2 SD) from the median considered malnourished. Concentration indices were computed to understand if malnutrition was dominant among the poor or rich. The study used the Theil index and decomposed the index by population subgroups (geographical clusters and socioeconomic status). Results Over the study period, malnutrition prevalence increased by 1.03 percentage points (p.p), while food insecurity prevalence decreased by 4.35p.p. Prevalence of malnutrition and food insecurity increased among poor rural children. Theil indices for nutrition status show socioeconomic inequality gaps to have widened, while food security status socioeconomic inequality gaps contracted for the period under review. Conclusion: Within-group inequalities are driving most of the socioeconomic inequalities in nutritional status and food security status among children in Zimbabwe. To address the socioeconomic inequalities, there is need to tackle the four pillars (availability, accessibility, utilization and stability of food supply) of food and nutrition security.
Use of Aspergillus oryzae during sorghum malting to enhance yield and quality of gluten free lager beers
Authors: Rubio-Flores Mónica , García-Arellano Arnulfo Ricardo , Perez-Carrillo Esther , Serna-Saldivar Sergio Othón 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sorghum has been used for brewing European beers but its malt generally lower beer yields and alcohol contents. The aim of this research was to produce lager beers using worts from sorghum malted with and without Aspergillus oryzae inoculation. Worts adjusted to 15°Plato from the sorghum malt inoculated with 1% A. oryzae yielded 21.5% and 5 % more volume compared to sorghum malt and barley malt worts, respectively. The main fermentable carbohydrate in all worts was maltose. Glucose was present in higher amounts in both sorghum worts compared to barley malt worts. Sorghum-A. oryzae beer had similar specific gravity and alcohol compared to the barley malt beer. Sorghum-A. oryzae beer contained lower amounts of hydrogen sulphide, methanethiol, butanedione, and pentadione compared to barley malt beer. Sorghum-A. oryzae lager beer had similar yield and alcohol content compared to the barley malt beer but differed in color, key volatiles and aromatic compounds.
Development of a SNP linkage map and genome-wide association study for resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus)
Authors: Mastrochirico-Filho Vito A. , Borges Carolina H. S. , Freitas Milena V. , Ariede Raquel B. , Pilarski Fabiana , Utsunomia Ricardo , Carvalheiro Roberto , Gutierrez Alejandro P. , Peñaloza Carolina , Yáñez José M. , Houston Ross D. , Hashimoto Diogo Teruo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus ) is one of the most important neotropical aquaculture species in South America. Disease outbreaks triggered by the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila have resulted in significant losses to pacu production. Selective breeding using genomic information is a powerful strategy to improve disease resistance in fish species. This study aimed to investigate the genetic architecture of resistance to A. hydrophila in pacu via a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) to identify Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) and putative genes associated with this trait in 14 pacu full-sib families. An experimental challenge was performed in order to assess the levels of genetic variation for resistance against the bacteria using the following trait definition: binary test survival (TS) and time of death (TD).

Results

The analysis of genetic parameters identified moderate heritability values for both resistance traits: h 2 = 0.20 (± 0.09) for TS and h 2 = 0.35 (± 0.15) for TD. To enable the GWAS, a pacu linkage map was developed using genotype data derived from Restriction Site Associated DNA Sequencing (RAD-Seq), resulting in 27 linkage groups consisting of 17,453 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs). The length of linkage groups varied from 79.95 (LG14) to 137.01 (LG1) cM, with a total integrated map length of 2,755.60 cM. GWAS analysis identified 22 putative QTLs associated to A. hydrophila resistance (defined as genomic regions explaining > 1% of the additive genetic variance for the trait), distributed in 17 linkage groups. Several candidate genes related to immune response were located close to the putative QTLs, such as tbk1 , trim16 , Il12rb2 and lyz2 .

Conclusion

The outputs of this study include the first medium density linkage map for pacu, which can be used as a framework to study different traits relevant to the production of this species. In addition, resistance to A. hydrophila was found to be moderately heritable but with a polygenic architecture suggesting that genomic selection, instead of marker assisted selection, might be tested for efficiently improving resistance to one of the most problematic diseases that affects the South American aquaculture.
Acquisition and maintenance of disgust reactions in an OCD analogue sample: efficiency of extinction strategies through a counter conditioning procedure
Authors: Novara caroline , Lebrun Cindy , MacGregor Alexandra , Vivet Bruno , Therouanne Pierre , Raffard Stephane 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
If obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has long been considered as an anxiety disorder, disgust is the dominant emotion in contamination-based OCD. However, disgust seems resistant to exposure with response prevention partly due to the fact that disgust is acquired through evaluative conditioning. The present research investigates a counter-conditioning intervention in treating disgust-related emotional responses in two groups of individuals with high (HDCC, n = 25) and low (LDCC, n = 23) contamination concerns.
Methods
The two groups completed a differential associative learning task in which neutral images were followed by disgusting images (conditioned stimulus; CS+), or not (CS-). Following this acquisition phase, there was a counterconditioning procedure in which CS + was followed by a very pleasant US, while CS- remained unreinforced.
Results
Following counterconditioning, both groups reported significant reduction in their expectancy of US occurrence and reported less disgust with CS+. For both expectancy and valence, reduction was lower in the HDCC group than in the LDCC group. Disgust sensitivity was highly correlated with both acquisition and maintenance of the response acquired, while US expectation was predicted by anxiety.
Conclusion
Desensitization to disgust handled by counter-conditioning procedure reduces both expectations and conditioned valence.
National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) on admission predicts severe disease and in-hospital mortality from Covid-19 - A prospective cohort study
Authors: Myrstad Marius , Ihle-Hansen Håkon , Tveita Anders Aune , Andersen Elizabeth Lyster , Nygård Ståle , Tveit Arnljot , Berge Trygve 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background There is a need for validated clinical risk scores to identify patients at risk of severe disease and to guide decision-making during the covid-19 pandemic. The National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) is widely used in emergency medicine, but so far, no studies have evaluated its use in patients with covid-19. We aimed to study the performance of NEWS2 and compare commonly used clinical risk stratification tools at admission to predict risk of severe disease and in-hospital mortality in patients with covid-19. Methods This was a prospective cohort study in a public non-university general hospital in the Oslo area, Norway, including a cohort of all 66 patients hospitalised with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection from the start of the pandemic; 13 who died during hospital stay and 53 who were discharged alive. Data were collected consecutively from March 9th to April 27th 2020. The main outcome was the ability of the NEWS2 score and other clinical risk scores at emergency department admission to predict severe disease and in-hospital mortality in covid-19 patients. We calculated sensitivity and specificity with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NEWS2 scores ≥5 and ≥6, quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score ≥2, ≥2 Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria, and CRB-65 score ≥2. Areas under the curve (AUCs) for the clinical risk scores were compared using DeLong’s test.Results In total, 66 patients (mean age 67.9 years) were included. Of these, 23% developed severe disease. In-hospital mortality was 20%. Tachypnoea, hypoxemia and confusion at admission were more common in patients developing severe disease. A NEWS2 score ≥6 at admission predicted severe disease with 80.0% sensitivity and 84.3% specificity (Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.822, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.690-0.953). NEWS2 was superior to qSOFA score ≥2 (AUC 0.624, 95% CI 0.446-0.810, p<0.05) and other clinical risk scores for this purpose.Conclusion NEWS2 score at hospital admission predicted severe disease and in-hospital mortality, and was superior to other widely used clinical risk scores in patients with covid-19.
Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Uterine Preservation: A survey of female gynaecologists (POP-UP survey)
Authors: Urdzík Peter , Kalis Vladimir , Blaganje Mija , Rusavy Zdenek , Smazinka Martin , Havir Martin , Dudic Rastislav , Ismail Khaled 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Backround: The aim of this study was to explore the personal views of female gynecologists regarding the management of POP with a particular focus on the issue of uterine sparing surgery. Methods: A questionnaire based survey of practicing female gynaecologists in the Czech Republic, Slovenia and Slovakia. Results : A total of 140 female gynaecologists from 81 units responded to our questionnaire. The majority of respondents stated they would rely on a urogynecologist to aid them with their choice of POP management options. The most preferred options for POP management were sacrocolpopexy and physiotherapy. Almost 2/3 of respondents opted for a hysterectomy together with POP surgery, if they were menopausal, even if the anatomical outcome was similar to uterine sparing POP surgery. Moreover, 81.4% of respondents, who initially opted for a uterine sparing procedure, changed their mind if the anatomical success of POP surgery with concomitant hysterectomy was superior. Discussing uterine cancer risk in relation to other organs had a less significant impact on their choices. Conclusions: The majority of female gynecologists in our study opted for hysterectomy if they were postmenopausal at the time of POP surgery. However, variation in information provision had an impact on their choice.