bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of simultaneously collected hemodynamic and electrophysiological functional connectivity by ketamine and midazolam
Authors: Forsyth Anna , McMillan Rebecca , Campbell Doug , Malpas Gemma , Maxwell Elizabeth , Sleigh Jamie , Dukart Juergen , Hipp Jörg , Muthukumaraswamy Suresh D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe pharmacological modulation of functional connectivity in the brain may underlie therapeutic efficacy for several neurological and psychiatric disorders. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides a noninvasive method of assessing this modulation, however, the indirect nature of the blood‐oxygen level dependent signal restricts the discrimination of neural from physiological contributions. Here we followed two approaches to assess the validity of fMRI functional connectivity in developing drug biomarkers, using simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG)/fMRI in a placebo‐controlled, three‐way crossover design with ketamine and midazolam. First, we compared seven different preprocessing pipelines to determine their impact on the connectivity of common resting‐state networks. Independent components analysis (ICA)‐denoising resulted in stronger reductions in connectivity after ketamine, and weaker increases after midazolam, than pipelines employing physiological noise modelling or averaged signals from cerebrospinal fluid or white matter. This suggests that pipeline decisions should reflect a drug's unique noise structure, and if this is unknown then accepting possible signal loss when choosing extensive ICA denoising pipelines could engender more confidence in the remaining results. We then compared the temporal correlation structure of fMRI to that derived from two connectivity metrics of EEG, which provides a direct measure of neural activity. While electrophysiological estimates based on the power envelope were more closely aligned to BOLD signal connectivity than those based on phase consistency, no significant relationship between the change in electrophysiological and hemodynamic correlation structures was found, implying caution should be used when making cross‐modal comparisons of pharmacologically‐modulated functional connectivity.
Minimising the inflationary impact of fiscal deficits in Africa: The role of monetary, financial and political institutions
Authors: Agoba Abel M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis is an examination of the relationship between fiscal deficits and inflation in Africa based on the premise that the characteristics of monetary, financial and political institutions, do impact the nature of this relationship. The study hypothesizes that, the inflationary effect of fiscal deficits is minimised when the central bank is independent (CBI) and the financial market is developed enough to contain inflationary expectations. This impact is much more effective given stronger political institutions. Using a panel data spanning 1970–2012 for 48 African countries, we use a Two Stage System Generalised Methods of Moments estimator, with Windmeijer (2005) corrected SE and collapsed instruments to address the issue of instrument proliferation. We also use various measures of central bank independence, financial development and political institutional quality. Fiscal deficits are inflationary in Africa. The positive effect of fiscal deficits on inflation is weakened when the degrees of Central Bank Independence (CBI) and financial development are higher. Financial development minimises the modulating impact of lower CBI on inflationary fiscal deficits. While stronger political institutions minimise the dampening effect of high central bank turnover on inflationary fiscal deficits, it enhances the positive impact of stronger central bank independence and financial development on minimising inflationary fiscal deficits. The results are robust to varying measures of CBI, financial development, and political institutions. Africa's financial sector should therefore be developed alongside strengthening the independence of central banks and ensuring that the quality of political institutions are enhanced in order to effectively curtail inflationary fiscal deficits.
Gingivitis identification via multichannel gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix and particle swarm optimization neural network
Authors: Li Wen , Jiang Xianwei , Sun Weibin , Wang Shui‐Hua , Liu Chao , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Yu‐Dong , Zhou Wei , Miao Leiying 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe oral maintenance of patients with periodontal disease mainly depends on clinical examination. However, insufficient number of medical workers cannot carry out detailed oral health education for a large number of patients within limited time and provide these patients with proper and effective oral health nursing methods. In this research, our study put forward a new Artificial Intelligence (AI) based method to diagnose chronic gingivitis, which is based on multichannel gray‐levelco‐occurrence matrix (MGLCM) and particle swarm optimization neural network(PSONN). Meanwhile, different training algorithms were used as comparison groups. The data set contains 800 images: 400 chronic gingivitis images and 400 healthy gingiva images. The results certify that the specificity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy and F1 Score of MGLCM (PSONN as a classifier) method is 78.17%, 78.23%, 78.24% ,78.20%and 78.17%, respectively. The association of MGLCM and PSONN is more accurate and efficient than approaches: NBC, WN+SVM,ELM and CLAHE+ELM.
Synthesis, reactions, and antimicrobial evaluations of new benzo[e][1,3]thiazine derivatives
Authors: Ewies Ewies F. , El‐Hag Fatma A.A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract4H‐Spiro[benzo[d][1,3]oxathiine‐2,1′‐cyclohexan]‐4‐one undergoes aminolysis with certain aromatic amines to give the respective 4‐benzenesulfonamide, Ethyl benzoate, and 4‐acetylphenyl of 4‐oxospirobenzo[e][1,3]thiazine derivatives. The Schiff bases prepared by reacting Ethyl benzoate derivative 2a with aldehydes, undergoes cyclocondensation with thioglycolic acid yielding p‐methoxyphenyl and 2‐(thiophen‐2‐yl) thiazolidinone derivatives. Treatment of the benzoate derivative with hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding benzohydrazide derivative which upon reaction with phenyl isocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate afforded the urea and thiourea derivatives. New pyrimidine, pyridone, and imino pyridine derivatives of 4‐oxospirobenzo[e][1,3]thiazine were also successfully prepared by reacting 2b or 2c with the appropriate organic reagents. Structural elucidations for the new products were based upon compatible microanalytical and spectroscopic measurements. Besides, their biological screening indicated that they possess potent antimicrobial activity in comparison with reference drugs.
Green synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidinone and pyranopyrazole derivatives using porphyrin‐initiated amine‐functionalized PolyBCMO dendritic polymer as sonocatalyst
Authors: Avudaiappan Govindan , Unnimaya T. Jayaprakash , Asha Pallikkattil , Unnikrishnan Vettukattil , Sreekumar Krishnapillai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA novel porphyrin‐initiated amine‐functionalized poly‐3,3‐bis(chloromethyl)oxetane (PBCMO‐amine) dendritic polymer was effectively synthesized. Characterization using the UV‐vis, IR, NMR, PXRD, TG, and FE‐SEM spectroscopy and microscopy enabled one to assess the structural and morphological stability of the PBCMO‐amine. Its catalytic activity was studied in one‐pot four‐component solvent‐free synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidinone and pyranopyrazole using aldehyde, ethylacetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate, and barbituric acid/malononitrile by simple ultrasonic irradiation. Because of the water‐soluble nature of PBCMO‐amine, the catalyst could be separated and reused without the loss of its activity.
CTRP3 Regulates Endochondral Ossification and Bone Remodeling During Fracture Healing
Authors: Youngstrom Daniel W. , Zondervan Robert L. , Doucet Nicole R. , Acevedo Parker K. , Sexton Hannah E. , Gardner Emily A. , Anderson JonCarlos S. , Kushwaha Priyanka , Little Hannah C. , Rodriguez Susana , Riddle Ryan C. , Kalajzic Ivo , Wong G. William , Hankenson Kurt D. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTC1q/TNF‐related protein 3 (CTRP3) is a cytokine known to regulate a variety of metabolic processes. Though previously undescribed in the context of bone regeneration, high throughput gene expression experiments in mice identified CTRP3 as one of the most highly upregulated genes in fracture callus tissue. Hypothesizing a positive regulatory role for CTRP3 in bone regeneration, we phenotyped skeletal development and fracture healing in CTRP3 knockout (KO) and CTRP3 overexpressing transgenic (TG) mice relative to wild‐type (WT) control animals. CTRP3 KO mice experienced delayed endochondral fracture healing, resulting in abnormal mineral distribution, the presence of periosteal marrow compartments, and a nonunion‐like state. Decreased osteoclast number was also observed in CTRP3 KO mice, whereas CTRP3 TG mice underwent accelerated callus remodeling. Gene expression profiling revealed a broad impact on osteoblast/osteoclast lineage commitment and metabolism, including arrested progression toward mature skeletal lineages in the KO group. A single systemic injection of CTRP3 protein at the time of fracture was insufficient to phenocopy the chronic TG healing response in WT mice. By associating CTRP3 levels with fracture healing progression, these data identify a novel protein family with potential therapeutic and diagnostic value. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:00‐19966, 2020
Particular H2O dissolution mechanism in iron‐rich melt: Application to martian basaltic melt genesis
Authors: Larre Chloé , Morizet Yann , Bézos Antoine , Guivel Christèle , La Carole , Mangold Nicolas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMartian basalts are different from Earth by their iron‐rich abundance with 18 wt% FeOtot in average for Mars upper crust. The H2O dissolution mechanism in this atypical melt composition is not well understood. We have synthesized H2O‐bearing martian basaltic glass analogs (10 < FeOtot < 16 wt%) under high pressures (0.5–1.5 GPa) and temperatures (>1500°C) conditions. We used Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies to investigate the effect of H2O as well as the high FeOtot content on the molecular structure of Fe‐rich glasses. Increasing Fe content appears to inhibit the dissolution of H2O in the melt. In fact, it appears that Free OH groups are formed at relatively low H2O content in Fe‐rich melts (1 wt%), whereas they only appeared at high H2O content (~6.5 wt%) for Fe‐poor glasses. We suggest that the Free OH are bonded to Fe2+ cations in the melt forming isolating clusters of Fe (OH)2. Such configurations are suspected to induce an increase in the melt polymerization. The presence of free hydroxyls dissolved in the melt is likely to have a major impact on the genesis of aqueous fluid phase at the surface of Mars.
Probe Molecules for Pulsed‐Field‐Gradient Diffusion Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments on Micelles
Authors: Lingwood Mark D. , Schepergerdes Benjamin J. , Hermosillo Deja‐Monae T. , Delgado Jalissa N. , Sanders Kaya P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) diffusion measurements of surfactants suffer from fast exchange of the surfactant between the micellar aggregate and bulk solution. Therefore, hydrophobic probe molecules are commonly used to directly measure aggregate diffusion under the assumption that the probe molecules remain solubilized inside the micelles. Aggregate size is then determined or estimated from the aggregate diffusion value. Unfortunately, the probe molecule also experiences rapid exchange between the aggregate and bulk, leading to inaccurate or unreasonable micelle diffusion values, a fact that has often been ignored in the literature. In this article, we present a systematic evaluation of probe molecules in cationic and anionic surfactants, obtained by measuring the diffusion of probe molecules with varying hydrophobicity. We find that an octanol–water partition coefficient of at least ~5 is required for correct measurements of aggregate diffusion in the systems studied. Notably, some commonly used probes have a partition coefficient much lower than five and are therefore not suitable for aggregate diffusion measurements. Consideration of these results will help researchers obtain accurate results for micelle sizing or partitioning studies with pulsed‐field‐gradient NMR.
Short‐term outcomes after vascular resection for pancreatic tumors: Lessons learned from 72 cases from a single Brazilian Cancer Center
Authors: Torres Silvio Melo , Vaz da Silva Diego Greatti , Ribeiro Héber S. C. , Diniz Alessandro L. , Lobo Matheus Melo , de Godoy André Luís , de Farias Igor Correia , da Costa Wilson L. , de Jesus Victor Hugo F. , Coimbra Felipe J. F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionPancreatic malignant tumors are resectable at diagnosis in only 15% to 20% of cases and invasion of vascular structures is commonly present. Therefore, extended resections are needed for adequate local control and negative margins. However, morbidity and mortality associated with these enlarged resections are limiting factors. The aim of this study was to correlate demographic and technical aspects that influenced early and late outcomes.Materials and MethodsBetween October 2007 and May 2019, 523 pancreatic surgeries were performed, of which 72 required vascular resections. Clinical and histopathological data, surgical techniques, and perioperative parameters were analyzed in a prospectively collected database.ResultsOf the 72 cases of vascular resection, 31 were male and 41 females with a mean age of 60.9 years (34‐81). The most commonly affected vascular structure was the portal vein (in 40.3%). Free margins were obtained in 77.8% of cases. Postoperative mortality rate at 60 days was 13.9%. American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) and age were the most important predictors of major complications.ConclusionExtended resections with vascular involvement in pancreatic surgeries are feasible and safe; furthermore, patient selection plays are key. ASA and age were the most important factors in the decision‐making process for extended resections.
Braneworld Gravity under gravitational Decoupling
Authors: León Pablo , Sotomayor Adrían 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe study the Randall‐Sundrum gravity under the gravitational decoupling through the minimal geometric deformation approach (MGD‐decoupling). We show a family of new black hole solutions as well as new exact interior solutions for self‐gravitating stellar systems and we discuss the corresponding matching conditions.
Nonlinear control of three‐dimensional underactuated vehicles
Authors: Fetzer Karl L. , Nersesov Sergey , Ashrafiuon Hashem 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis paper presents the derivation of robust trajectory‐tracking nonlinear control laws for general three‐dimensional vehicle models with one degree of underactuation where all of the state tracking errors are stabilized. The method is based on a novel transformation of the trajectory tracking problem into a reduced‐order error dynamics. Two traditional nonlinear controllers based on sliding mode and backstepping approaches are developed and shown to stabilize the trajectory tracking errors in presence of modeling uncertainties and bounded disturbances. The performance of the two controllers are compared in absence and presence of disturbances.
Sensitivity of river sediment transport and bridge scour to effects of flow, temperature, and sea level
Authors: Barkdoll Brian D. , Tyrrell Jennie , She Yang , Patankar Jui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSediment transport has implications for activities such as fishing, flood control, scour countermeasures, and dredging through altered flow depths and sediment transport, bank erosion, and bridge scour. To estimate the changes in sediment transport and bridge scour, river discharge, water surface slope, water temperature, and tailwater depth (to simulate sea‐level rise) were altered in existing sediment transport and scour models. It was found that (a) in uniform flow upstream of sea‐level rise effects, sediment transport is sensitive to discharge but not to temperature; (b) in non‐uniform flow affected by sea‐level rise, sediment transport is sensitive to water surface slope and discharge but not to temperature; (3) the discharge value to restore the sediment transport rate existing before sea‐level rise is proportional to the water surface slope ratio to the fourth power; (4) the discharge value to restore the bed sediment size existing before sea‐level rise is proportional to the water surface slope ratio to the three‐fourth power; (5) abutment scour is weakly inversely proportional to the water surface slope but more strongly proportional to the discharge in a logarithmic relation; (6) pier scour is weakly proportional to the water surface slope but more strongly proportional to the discharge in a logarithmic relation; and (7) the discharge to restore both abutment and pier scour depths to their original values prior to sea‐level rise is proportional to the water surface slope ratio to the 9/25thpower. Full equations for each of these relationships are given in the article. These relationships can be used for future application and planning purposes.
Redds of brown trout in the deep channels of a hydroelectric power station
Authors: Syrjänen Jukka T. , Sivonen Kimmo , Räihä Ville , Kivinen Jouni , Sivonen Olli , Haapsalo Miska 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNatural spawning redds of brown trout were surveyed for the first time in 1−6‐m deep urban channels of a hydroelectric power station (HEP) between two lakes in Finland, by scuba diving and wading. Before damming a century ago, thousands of lake migrating trout spawners ascended through the rapids to upstream spawning areas. Between 2015 and 2018, 11 trout redds were observed at depths of 250−340 cm; these may be the deepest reported in running waters. Nine redds were found at depths of 75−230 cm. The nearest redds were situated only 55 m upstream and 110 m downstream from the HEP inflow and outflow, respectively. Channel substrate and trout redds were dominated by particle size classes 32−64, 64−128, and 16−32 mm. The risk of diving in the area increased due to the high amount of litter on the riverbed. Observations of wild trout parr by local anglers provide evidence that natural spawning produces some fish in the HEP channels.
Collapse analysis of regular and irregular tall steel moment frames under fire loading
Authors: Heshmati Mahdi , Aghakouchak Ali Akbar 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis study is carried out to evaluate the progressive collapse of steel buildings under fire event. To this end, a 15‐story steel structure with moment‐resisting system and composite floors is considered. The effects of various parameters such as beam section size, gravity load ratio, vertical irregularity of resisting system, and location of fire compartments on collapse modes are investigated numerically. Different temperature‐time curves are defined across the composite floors according to the Eurocode 4. It is found that local collapse of the frames at the ground floor fire is triggered by the buckling of the interior heated columns at approximately 540°C. The redistributed loads by floors delay the global collapse at least 45 min. Increasing gravity loads accelerates the global collapse of the frames significantly. The heated columns of the middle floor buckle at higher temperature compared to the ground floor heated columns and no global collapse occur due to this scenario. In general, the potential of collapse of the regular and irregular frame due to fire in the edge bay is higher compared to the fire in the middle bay. It is also found that the local and global collapse of regular frames occur earlier than irregular frames.
Cover Image, Volume 10, Issue 1
Authors: Sakti Aditya W. , Nishimura Yoshifumi , Nakai Hiromi 
Published: December 2019

The cover image is based on the Advance Review Recent advances in quantum‐mechanical molecular dynamics simulations of proton transfer mechanism in various water‐based environments by Aditya Wibawa Sakti, Yoshifumi Nishimura and Hiromi Nakai. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcms.1419
image
Fitting the strong coupling constant with soft-drop thrust
Authors: Marzani Simone , Reichelt Daniel , Schumann Steffen , Soyez Gregory , Theeuwes Vincent 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Soft drop has been shown to reduce hadronisation effects at e+e− colliders for the thrust event shape. In this context, we perform fits of the strong coupling constant for the soft-drop thrust distribution at NLO+NLL accuracy to pseudo data generated by the Sherpa event generator. In particular, we focus on the impact of hadronisation corrections, which we estimate both with an analytical model and a Monte-Carlo based one, on the fitted value of αs(mZ). We find that grooming can reduce the size of the shift in the fitted value of αs due to hadronisation. In addition, we also explore the possibility of extending the fitting range down to significantly lower values of (one minus) thrust. Here, soft drop is shown to play a crucial role, allowing us to maintain good fit qualities and stable values of the fitted strong coupling. The results of these studies show that soft-drop thrust is a promising candidate for fitting αs at e+e− colliders with reduced impact of hadronisation effects.
A Multiple-Parameter Methodology for Placement of Tsunami Sensor Networks
Authors: Meza Joaquín , Catalán Patricio A. , Tsushima Hiroaki 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA methodology to optimize the design of an offshore tsunami network array is presented, allowing determination of the placement of sensors to be used in a tsunami early warning system framework. The method improves on previous sensor location methods by integrating three commonly used tsunami forecast performance indicators as a measure of the predictive accuracy through a single cost function. The joint use of different tsunami parameters allows for a network that is less subject to bias found when using a single parameter. The resulting network performance was tested using a set of synthetic target scenarios and also verified against a model of the 2014 Pisagua event, suggesting that having such a network in place could have provided meaningful information for the hazard assessment. The small number of sensors required (three spanning nearly 700 km of the Northern Chile coast) may be useful in implementing such networks in places where funding of denser arrays is difficult.
Künstliche Intelligenz in der Mammadiagnostik
Authors: Bennani-Baiti B. , Baltzer P. A. T. 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) wird zunehmend in der bildgebenden Mammdiagnostik eingesetzt.

Fragestellung
Was sind die wesentlichen Anwendungsgebiete und bereits verfügbaren KI-gestützten Systeme auf dem Gebiet der senologischen Radiologie?

Material und Methode
Zusammenfassung, übersichtliche Darstellung sowie Diskussion relevanter Daten aus Grundlagenarbeiten und Herstellerinformationen.

Ergebnisse
KI-gestützte Befundsysteme sind bereits seit fast 25 Jahren in der Mammadiagnostik im Einsatz, werden jedoch in den USA weitaus häufiger angewandt als in Europa. Initiale CAD-Systeme (computergestützte Diagnostik) zeichneten sich durch eine limitierte diagnostische Aussagekraft mit überproportionalen Raten falsch-positiver Befunde aus. Seit 2012 kommen Deep–Learning-Algorithmen zum Einsatz und erweitern die Einsatzmöglichkeiten der KI.

Schlussfolgerung
Derzeit gibt es keinen Algorithmus, der – nachweislich validiert – die Doppelbefundung durch zertifizierte Mammaradiologen übertrifft. In der mittelbaren Zukunft ist jedoch die Übernahme von Aufgaben durch KI absehbar: So kann die Vorselektion abnormer Studien die Arbeitslast gerade in der Früherkennung substanziell verringern. Auch die Erfassung von komplexen radiopathogenomischen Zusammenhängen und besonders ihre Translation in die klinische Praxis ist ohne KI kaum denkbar.