bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular phylogenetics and mitogenomics of three avian dicrocoeliids (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) and comparison with mammalian dicrocoeliids
Authors: Suleman  , Khan Mian Sayed , Tkach Vasyl V. , Muhammad Nehaz , Zhang Dong , Zhu Xing-Quan , Ma Jun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The Dicrocoeliidae are digenetic trematodes mostly parasitic in the bile ducts and gall bladder of various avian and mammalian hosts. Until recently their systematics was based on morphological data only. Due to the high morphological uniformity across multiple dicrocoeliid taxa and insufficient knowledge of relative systematic value of traditionally used morphological characters, their taxonomy has always been unstable. Therefore, DNA sequence data provide a critical independent source of characters for phylogenetic inference and improvement of the system.

Methods
We examined the phylogenetic affinities of three avian dicrocoeliids representing the genera Brachylecithum, Brachydistomum and Lyperosomum, using partial sequences of the nuclear large ribosomal subunit (28S) RNA gene. We also sequenced the complete or nearly complete mitogenomes of these three isolates and conducted a comparative mitogenomic analysis with the previously available mitogenomes from three mammalian dicrocoeliids (from 2 different genera) and examined the phylogenetic position of the family Dicrocoeliidae within the order Plagiorchiida based on concatenated nucleotide sequences of all mitochondrial genes (except trnG and trnE).

Results
Combined nucleotide diversity, Kimura-2-parameter distance, non-synonymous/synonymous substitutions ratio and average sequence identity analyses consistently demonstrated that cox1, cytb, nad1 and two rRNAs were the most conserved and atp6, nad5, nad3 and nad2 were the most variable genes across dicrocoeliid mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analyses based on mtDNA sequences did not support the close relatedness of the Paragonimidae and Dicrocoeliidae and suggested non-monophyly of the Gorgoderoidea as currently recognized.

Conclusions
Our results show that fast-evolving mitochondrial genes atp6, nad5 and nad3 would be better markers than slow-evolving genes cox1 and nad1 for species discrimination and population level studies in the Dicrocoeliidae. Furthermore, the Dicrocoeliidae being outside of the clade containing other xiphidiatan trematodes suggests a need for the re-evaluation of the taxonomic content of the Xiphidiata.
Pig-hunting dogs are an at-risk population for canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in eastern Australia
Authors: Orr Bronwyn , Ma Gemma , Koh Wei Ling , Malik Richard , Norris Jacqui M. , Westman Mark E. , Wigney Denise , Brown Graeme , Ward Michael P. , Šlapeta Jan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCanine heartworm disease, caused byDirofilaria immitis, has global veterinary importance. In Australia, the prevalence of canine heartworm infection decreased markedly following the introduction of over-the-counter macrocyclic lactones. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of canine heartworm infection in at-risk populations of dogs in eastern Australia and analyse published prevalence data from Australia.MethodsIn total, 566 dogs from eastern Australia were tested for the presence ofD. immitisantigen. Four cohorts were studied: pig-hunting dogs from Queensland (Cohort 1,n = 104), dogs from remote New South Wales (NSW) (Cohort 2,n = 332), urban pets from rural NSW (Cohort 3,n = 45) and ex-racing Greyhounds from Sydney, NSW (Cohort 4,n = 85). Serum samples were screened forD. immitisantigen using a reference laboratory microwell-based assay (DiroChek®) or a point-of-care immunochromatography test kit (Anigen Rapid®). Risk factors associated with the odds ofD. immitisantigen seropositivity were identified using binary logistic regression models. Seropositive blood samples were tested for the presence and quantity ofD. immitisDNA using a species specific real-time (q)PCR assay. A metanalysis of the Australian canine heartworm literature was conducted.ResultsThe prevalence of dirofilariasis in pig-hunting dogs from Queensland (Cohort 1) was 12.5% (95% CI: 6.5–18.9%), with a subpopulation of dogs from Central Queensland having a prevalence of 21% (95% CI: 12.3–33.4%). Age was significantly associated withD. immitisantigen seropositivity (increased risk with increased age). The odds of being > 5 yearsversus≤ 5 years was 3.7-times (95% CI: 1.1–12.5) greater in antigen positive versus antigen negative dogs. NoD. immitisantigen positive dogs were detected in dogs from NSW (Cohorts 2–4). The Australian canine heartworm disease literature includes 98 peer-reviewed publications (1901–2019) with 30 studies reporting onD. immitisprevalence in dogs. Throughout the publication peak period (1980s), the primary antemortem diagnostic test was detection of microfilariae.ConclusionsCanine heartworm infection in dogs used for pig hunting is a previously unexplored topic in Australia. Pig-hunting dogs are infected with canine heartworm in Queensland, Australia, placing pet dogs and cats at increased risk of infection.
Human Herpesvirus 8 infection may contribute to oxidative stress in diabetes type 2 patients
Authors: Incani Alessandra , Marras Luisa , Serreli Gabriele , Ingianni Angela , Pompei Raffaello , Deiana Monica , Angius Fabrizio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the link between Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) infection and plasma oxidative stress in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2).

Results
Blood samples collected from DM2 and control subjects were screened for the presence of antibodies against HHV8 and for biomarkers of oxidative stress. We determined the products of radical damage on the plasma lipid fraction, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), fatty acid hydroperoxides (HP) and 7-ketocholesterol (7-keto), the oxidation products of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and cholesterol, respectively. The level of plasma antioxidant α-tocopherol (α-toc) was also assessed. Relevant differences were observed in the redox status in DM2 and either HHV8-positive or -negative control subjects. The level of α-toc significantly decreased in both DM2 and HHV8-positive subjects. Levels of MDA, HP and 7-keto were much higher in HHV8-positive and DM2 subjects, indicating that plasma oxidative stress is a common feature in both DM2 and HHV8-infection. In addition, 7-keto was further increased in HHV8-positive DM2 patients. We hypothesized that the HHV8-infection may contribute to the production of ROS, and hence to the oxidative stress closely related to the pathogenesis and development of DM2.
Imaging spectrum of abnormal subcutaneous and visceral fat distribution
Authors: Yamamoto Asako , Kikuchi Yoshinao , Kusakabe Toru , Takano Hideyuki , Sakurai Keita , Furui Shigeru , Oba Hiroshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAdipose tissue plays multiple and complex roles not only in mechanical cushioning and energy storage but also as an important secretory organ that regulates energy balance and homeostasis multilaterally. Fat tissue is categorized into subcutaneous fat tissue (SCAT) or visceral fat tissue (VSA) depending on its distribution, with the two having different metabolic functions. Near-total lack of fat in congenital/acquired generalized lipodystrophy, cachexia, or any other severe malnutrition condition induces severe multi-organ dysfunction due to lack of production of leptin and other adipokines. Increased visceral fat tissue secondary to obesity, hypercortisolism, or multiple symmetric lipomatosis raises the risk of insulin resistance, cardiac complications, and airway or spinal canal stenosis, although the fat distribution pattern differs in each condition. Partial abnormal fat distribution conditions such as HIV/HAART therapy-associated lipodystrophy, familial partial lipodystrophies, and acquired partial lipodystrophy frequently show a mixture of lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy with metabolic dysfunction. Characteristic imaging features in conditions with local abnormal fat distribution can provide information about a patient’s co-existent/unrecognized disease(s), past medical history, or lifestyle. Knowledge of characteristic abnormal fat distribution patterns can contribute to proper and timely therapeutic decision-making and patient education.
Exosomal miR-135a derived from human amnion mesenchymal stem cells promotes cutaneous wound healing in rats and fibroblast migration by directly inhibiting LATS2 expression
Authors: Gao Shaoying , Chen Tao , Hao Yi , Zhang Feifei , Tang Xiujun , Wang Dali , Wei Zairong , Qi Jianping 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Wound healing is a complex pathophysiological process that involves a variety of cells and cytokines. In this study, we found that local injection of human amnion mesenchymal stem cells into wounds in rats could promote wound healing. Therefore, we hypothesized that the exosomes of human amnion mesenchymal stem cells contain substances that regulate the migration of epidermal cells. It has been reported that miR-135a is involved in cell migration and transformation. However, there have been no reports of its function in skin wound healing.

Methods
To test this hypothesis, we injected exosomes overexpressing miR-135a directly into the wound margin. In addition, we tested the migration of BJ cells with overexpression or knockdown of miR-135a in vitro. Additionally, Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of fibroblast migration-associated proteins after treatment with miR-135a overexpression or knockdown.

Results
MiR-135a significantly promoted wound healing compared to the control treatment. Western blot analysis showed a significant downregulation of LATS2 after overexpression of miR-135a. In addition, knockdown of miR-135a effectively attenuated the promoting effect of exosomes on cell migration.

Conclusions
Our results indicated that miR-135a promotes wound healing, which may be mediated by downregulating LATS2 levels to increase cell migration. This study provides a rationale for the therapeutic effect on wound healing of miR-135a in exosomes derived from human amnion mesenchymal stem cells.
Targeted silencing of miRNA-132-3p expression rescues disuse osteopenia by promoting mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis in mice
Authors: Hu Zebing , Zhang Lijun , Wang Han , Wang Yixuan , Tan Yingjun , Dang Lei , Wang Ke , Sun Zhongyang , Li Gaozhi , Cao Xinsheng , Zhang Shu , Shi Fei , Zhang Ge 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Skeletal unloading can induce severe disuse osteopenia that often occurs in spaceflight astronauts or in patients subjected to prolonged bed-rest or immobility. Previously, we revealed a mechano-sensitive factor, miRNA-132-3p, that is closely related to the osteoblast function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether miRNA-132-3p could be an effective target for treating disuse osteopenia.

Methods
The 2D-clinostat device and the hindlimb-unloaded (HU) model were used to copy the mechanical unloading condition at the cellular and animal levels, respectively. Mimics or inhibitors of miRNA-132-3p were used to interfere with the expression of miRNA-132-3p in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro for analyzing the effects on osteogenic differentiation. The special in vivo antagonists of miRNA-132-3p was delivered to the bone formation regions of HU mice for treating disuse osteopenia by a bone-targeted (AspSerSer)6-cationic liposome system. The bone mass, microstructure, and strength of the hindlimb bone tissue were analyzed for evaluating the therapeutic effect in vivo.

Results
miRNA-132-3p expression was declined under normal conditions and increased under gravitational mechanical unloading conditions during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. The upregulation of miRNA-132-3p expression resulted in the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation, whereas the downregulation of miRNA-132-3p expression enhanced osteogenic differentiation. The inhibition of miRNA-132-3p expression was able to attenuate the negative effects of mechanical unloading on BMSC osteogenic differentiation. Most importantly, the targeted silencing of miRNA-132-3p expression in the bone tissues could effectively preserve bone mass, microstructure, and strength by promoting osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis in HU mice.

Conclusion
The overexpression of miRNA-132-3p induced by mechanical unloading is disadvantageous for BMSC osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis. Targeted silencing of miRNA-132-3p expression presents a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of disuse osteoporosis.
Feasibility, reproducibility and diagnostic usefulness of right ventricular strain by 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in ARDS patients: the ARD strain study
Authors: Lemarié Jérémie , Maigrat Charles-Henri , Kimmoun Antoine , Dumont Nathalie , Bollaert Pierre-Edouard , Selton-Suty Christine , Gibot Sébastien , Huttin Olivier 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Right ventricular (RV) function evaluation by echocardiography is key in the management of ICU patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), however, it remains challenging. Quantification of RV deformation by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is a recently available and reproducible technique that provides an integrated analysis of the RV. However, data are scarce regarding its use in critically ill patients. The aim of this study was to assess its feasibility and clinical usefulness in moderate–severe ARDS patients.

Results
Forty-eight ARDS patients under invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) were consecutively enrolled in a prospective observational study. A full transthoracic echocardiography was performed within 36 h of MV initiation. STE-derived and conventional parameters were recorded. Strain imaging of the RV lateral, inferior and septal walls was highly feasible (47/48 (98%) patients). Interobserver reproducibility of RV strain values displayed good reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) > 0.75 for all STE-derived parameters) in ARDS patients. ROC curve analysis showed that lateral, inferior, global (average of the 3 RV walls) longitudinal systolic strain (LSS) and global strain rate demonstrated significant diagnostic values when compared to several conventional indices (TAPSE, S′, RV FAC). A RV global LSS value > − 13.7% differentiated patients with a TAPSE < vs > 12 mm with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 83%. Regarding clinical outcomes, mortality and cumulative incidence of weaning from MV at day 28 were not different in patients with normal versus abnormal STE-derived parameters.

Conclusions
Global STE assessment of the RV was highly achievable and reproducible in moderate–severe ARDS patients under MV and additionally correlated with several conventional parameters of RV function. In our cohort, STE-derived parameters did not provide any incremental value in terms of survival or weaning from MV prediction. Further investigations are needed to evaluate their theranostic usefulness.
Trial registration NCT02638844: NCT
Inter-domain resource optimization method of software-defined multi-domain optical network
Authors: Li Zikang , Yang Changming , Zhang Zhenrong , Hu Sifeng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn practical application scenarios, the division of different operators or the same operator in different regions constitutes a natural network region, forming a multi-domain optical network. At the beginning, this paper introduces the hierarchical architecture of software-defined optical network (SDON) and the functional model of control plane. Then, it describes a control system of software-defined multi-domain optical network based on hierarchical control mode and briefly analyzes their basic functional model. In the end, around the problems of resource allocation between scenarios in multi-domain optical network, this paper respectively analyzes the optimization of routing resources in inter-domain and the mechanism of spectrum defragmentation. At the same time, it separately simulates the resource optimization algorithms of single control architecture and hierarchical control architecture to verify the superiority of hierarchical control system.
Prehabilitation programs for cancer patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (protocol)
Authors: Meneses-Echávez Jose F. , Loaiza-Betancur Andrés F. , Díaz-López Víctor , Echavarría-Rodríguez Andrés M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Around twenty million new cases and ten million of deaths were attributed to cancer in 2018. Physical exercise, as main component of prehabilitation programs, has been associated with clinical improvements in aerobic capacity, muscular strength, gait speed, and fewer postoperative complications. This systematic review aims to determine the benefits and harms of prehabilitation programs, mainly composed of physical exercise, compared with standard care for cancer patients.

Methods/design
A librarian will systematically search for randomized controlled trials in the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (PubMed), and EMBASE. Two independent reviewers will independently screen the retrieved references, appraise the methodological quality of the included studies, and extract data. If possible, we will pool the data. We will evaluate the completeness of reporting of prehabilitation programs by using the CERT checklist, and the GRADE approach will be used to evaluate the quality of the evidence.

Discussion
This systematic review will determine the benefits and harms of prehabilitation programs for cancer patients. We will provide a complete appraisal of the quality of the evidence, our confidence in the results, and completeness of reporting of the exercise interventions evaluated in the prehabilitation programs. Findings from this review will assist health care providers, patients, decision-makers, and international organizations to make informed decisions in this field.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42019125658
Nonlinear ordered variational inclusion problem involving XOR operation with fuzzy mappings
Authors: Ahmad Iqbal , Irfan Syed Shakaib , Farid Mohammad , Shukla Preeti 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the setting of real ordered positive Hilbert spaces, a nonlinear fuzzy ordered variational inclusion problem with its corresponding nonlinear fuzzy ordered resolvent equation problem involving XOR operation has been recommended and solved by employing an iterative algorithm. We establish the equivalence between nonlinear fuzzy ordered variational inclusion problem and nonlinear fuzzy ordered resolvent equation problem. The existence and convergence analysis of the solution of nonlinear fuzzy ordered variational inclusion problem involving XOR operation has been substantiated by applying a new resolvent operator method with XOR operation technique. The iterative algorithm and results demonstrated in this article have witnessed a significant improvement in many previously known results of this domain.
Impact of international labor migration on regional economic growth in Thailand
Authors: Tipayalai Katikar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe movement of labor in the Southeast Asia and particularly Thailand, which is home to more than half of all ASEAN migrant workers, is an issue of growing interest and increasing importance. As Thailand is now confronted with the new challenge of the so-called “middle-income trap”, the Thai government has recently implemented the long-run economic development plan called “Thailand 4.0”, focusing on high productivity and innovative creation from skilled foreign workers. To put Thailand 4.0 in action, the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC), which is an example of region-based development, serves as a pilot project. However, while demand for high-skilled workers from developed countries increases, the majority of immigrants in Thailand is considered to comprise low-skilled workers from neighboring countries within ASEAN. This article, therefore, examines the impact of international labor migration on regional economic growth in Thailand from 2003 to 2015 through an econometric estimation of the production function by considering the economic consequences of immigration through production and productivity separately for skill-classified migrant workers. The findings empirically indicate that immigrants, and particularly high-skilled ones, have a statistically significant and positive impact on the growth of the regional economy as well as labor productivity in Thailand, thereby suggesting more attention should be paid to the role of regional area-based development policies as well as the ability of the host country to absorb high-skilled migrant workers.
Adding country resolution to EXIOBASE: impacts on land use embodied in trade
Authors: Bjelle Eivind Lekve , Többen Johannes , Stadler Konstantin , Kastner Thomas , Theurl Michaela C. , Erb Karl-Heinz , Olsen Kjartan-Steen , Wiebe Kirsten S. , Wood Richard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultiregional input–output (MRIO) databases are used to analyze the impact of resource use and environmental impacts along global supply chains. To accurately account for pressures and impacts that are highly concentrated in specific sectors or regions of the world, such as agricultural and land-use-related impacts, MRIO databases are being fueled by increasingly more detailed data. To date no MRIO database exists which couples a high level of harmonized sector detail with high country resolution. Currently available databases either aggregate minor countries into rest-of-the-world (WIOD and EXIOBASE 3), or the high country resolution is achieved at the cost of non-harmonized or lower sectoral detail (Eora, OECD-ICIO or the GTAP-MRIO). This aggregation can cause potentially significant differences in environmental and socioeconomic impact calculations. In this paper, we describe the development of an EXIOBASE 3 variant that expands regional coverage from 49 regions to 214 countries, while keeping the high and harmonized sectoral detail. We show the relevance of disaggregation for land-use accounting. Previous rest-of-the-world regions supply one-third of global land, which is used to produce a large range of different products under very different levels of productivity. We find that the aggregation of regions leads to a difference in the balance of land embodied in trade of up to 6% and a difference of land embodied in imports of up to 68% for individual countries and up to 600% for land-use-relevant sectors. Whilst the database can still be considered experimental, it is expected to increase the accuracy of estimates for environmental footprint studies of the original EXIOBASE countries, and provides the first estimates for the countries in the previous rest-of-the world.
Evaluating sectoral effects of agricultural nitrogen pollution reduction policy in Croatia within a CGE framework
Authors: Nadoveza Jelić Ozana , Šimurina Jurica 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnvironmental policies are becoming an important part of agricultural policy portfolio in the EU, which is binding on Croatia. This paper seeks to evaluate potential sectoral effects of several nitrogen pollution reduction policy measures within CGE model for Croatia. Finding appropriate agri-environmental policy design represents a typical optimization problem. Thus, the paper attempts to find potential agri-environmental measures which comply with supranational directives without jeopardizing other economic policy goals. Results show that polluter-pays principle-based measures, if not accompanied by the provider-gets principle measures, could have relatively large negative economy-wide effects in Croatia. However, these effects can be reduced by the appropriate policy mix.