bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health impact of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL): findings from a UK population-based cohort
Authors: Lamb Maxine , Smith Alexandra G , Painter Daniel , Kane Eleanor , Bagguley Tim , Newton Robert , Howell Debra , Cook Gordon , de Tute Ruth , Rawstron Andrew , Patmore Russell , Roman Eve 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine co-morbidity patterns in individuals with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), both before and after premalignancy diagnosis; and compare their activity to that of the general population.DesignPopulation-based patient cohort, within which each patient is matched at diagnosis to 10 age and sex-matched individuals from the general population. Both cohorts are linked to nationwide information on deaths, cancer registrations, and Hospital Episode Statistics (HES).SettingThe UK’s Haematological Malignancy Research Network; which has a catchment population of around 4 million served by 14 hospitals and a central diagnostic laboratory.ParticipantsAll patients newly diagnosed 2009–15 with MGUS (n = 2203) or MBL (n = 561), and their age and sex-matched comparators (n = 27,638).Main Outcome measuresSurvival, and hospital inpatient and outpatient activity in the five years before, and three years after, diagnosis.ResultsIndividuals with MGUS experienced excess morbidity in the 5-years before diagnosis, and excess mortality and morbidity in the 3-years after. Increased rate-ratios (RR) were evident for nearly all clinical specialties; the largest, both before and after diagnosis, being for nephrology (before RR = 4.38, 95% Confidence Interval 3.99–4.81; after RR = 14.7, 95% CI 13.5–15.9) and rheumatology (before RR = 3.38, 95% CI 3.16–3.61; after RR = 5.45, 95% CI 5.09–5.83). Strong effects were also evident for endocrinology, neurology, dermatology and respiratory medicine. Conversely, only marginal increases in mortality and morbidity were evident for MBL.ConclusionsFrom a haematological malignancy perspective, MGUS and MBL are generally considered to be relatively benign. Nonetheless, monoclonal gammopathy has the potential to cause systemic disease and wide-ranging damage to most organs and tissues. Hence, even though most people with monoclonal immunoglobulins never develop a B-cell malignancy or suffer from any other form of M-protein related organ/tissue related disorder, the consequences for those that do can be extremely serious.
Prevalence, clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baluku Joseph Baruch , Olum Ronald , Agolor Curthbert , Nakakande Josephine , Russell Laura , Bongomin Felix , Nakawesi Jane 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of HIV and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) co-infection.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science databases and grey literature for studies reporting epidemiological and clinical data of patients with HIV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection. Eligible studies were all observational or interventional studies and commentaries in English language that reported patient data on HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection. We used random effect meta-analysis to determine the pooled prevalence and mortality.ResultsOf the 17 eligible studies, there were 3 retrospective cohorts, 1 survey, 5 case series, 7 case reports and 1 commentary that reported on a total of 146 HIV infected individuals. The pooled prevalence of HIV among individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.0% (95% CI: 0.0 – 3.0, I2= 79.3%, p = 0.01), whereas the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among HIV patients was 0.68% (95% CI: 0.34 – 1.34).There were 110 (83.8%) HIV/ SARS-CoV-2 co-infected males, and the age (range) of the co-infected was 30 – 60 years. A total of 129 (97.0%) were anti-retroviral therapy experienced, and 113 (85.6%) had a suppressed HIV viral load. The CD4 count (range) was 298 – 670 cells/mm3(n = 107). The commonest symptoms were fever (73.5%, n = 75) and cough (57.8%, n = 59). Sixty-two (65.3%) patients had at least one other comorbid condition, of which hypertension (26.4%, n = 38) was the commonest. Chest radiological imaging abnormalities were found in 46 (54.1%) cases. Twenty-eight cases (56.0%) were reported as mild. Recovery occurred in 120 (88.9%) cases, and the pooled mortality was 9% (95% CI: 3.0 – 15.0, I2= 25.6%, p = 0.24).ConclusionThe prevalence of HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection was low. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection are comparable to those reported among HIV negative SARS-CoV-2 cases.
Secreted inhibitors drive the loss of regeneration competence inXenopuslimbs
Authors: Aztekin C. , Hiscock T. W. , Gurdon J. B. , Jullien J. , Marioni J. C. , Simons B. D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAbsence of a specialised wound epidermis is hypothesised to block limb regeneration in higher vertebrates. To elucidate the cellular and molecular determinants of this tissue, we performed single-cell transcriptomics in regeneration-competent, -restricted, and -incompetentXenopustadpoles. We identified apical-ectodermal-ridge (AER) cells as the specialised wound epidermis, and found that their abundance on the amputation plane correlates with regeneration potential and injury-induced mesenchymal plasticity. By usingex vivoregenerating limb cultures, we demonstrate that extrinsic cues produced during limb development block AER cell formation. We identifyNoggin, a morphogen expressed in cartilage/bone progenitor cells, as one of the key inhibitors of AER cell formation in regeneration-incompetent tadpoles. Extrinsic inhibitory cues can be overridden byFgf10, which operates upstream ofNogginand blocks chondrogenesis. Together, these results indicate that manipulation of the extracellular environment and/or chondrogenesis may provide a strategy to restore regeneration potential in higher vertebrates.One Sentence SummaryExtrinsic cues associated with chondrogenic progression inhibit AER cell formation and restrict limb regeneration potential.
Validation of Remote Testing using BrainCheck, a Computerized Neurocognitive Test
Authors: Ye Siao , Huang Bin , Sun Kevin , Phi Huy , Ghomi Reza Hosseini 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRemote computerized neurocognitive testing (CNT) is a promising solution to have these assessments more accessible to a population facing a global pandemic and increased aging. BrainCheck (BC) is a CNT software available on iPhone, iPad, and computer browser, designed to fit the need for remote testing. Consistent measures across these varying platforms are necessary to ensure users have consistent cognitive assessments and results. We aimed to assess BC across all administration platforms and interactions to observe any differences in assessment performance. 75 participants were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups: participants who took BC across multiple platforms and participants who took BC in both an administered and self-administered fashion. Here we found Stroop, Digit Symbol, and Trail A/B had significantly different performance across the platforms, while Flanker, Coordination, Matrix, Immediate and Delayed Recognitions did not. Also, we found that the test metrics did not show significant differences in performance between being administered and self-administering the test. We did observe quicker completion times during the second instance of the test when taken in quick succession (within a day apart, which would not be a typical clinical pattern) and despite this, composite scores did not change reflecting the resilience of BC to practice effects. In conclusion, our results demonstrate BC may be a robust, self-administered CNT solution with an appropriate adjustment for the platform used.
Structure of the human heterotetramericcis-prenyltransferase complex
Authors: Bar-El Michal Lisnyansky , Vankova Pavla , Man Petr , Haitin Yoni , Giladi Moshe 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe humancis-prenyltransferase (hcis-PT) is an enzymatic complex essential for protein N-glycosylation. Synthesizing the precursor of the glycosyl carrier dolichol-phosphate, we reveal here that hcis-PT exhibits a novel heterotetrameric assembly in solution, composed of two catalytic dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase (DHDDS) and two inactive Nogo-B receptor (NgBR) subunits. The 2.3 Å crystal structure of the complex exposes a dimer-of-heterodimers arrangement, with DHDDS C-termini serving as homotypic assembly domains. Furthermore, the structure elucidates the molecular details associated with substrate binding, catalysis, and product length determination. Importantly, the distal C-terminus of NgBR transverses across the heterodimeric interface, directly participating in substrate binding and underlying the allosteric communication between the subunits. Finally, mapping disease-associated hcis-PT mutations involved in blindness, neurological and glycosylation disorders onto the structure reveals their clustering around the active site. Together, our structure of the hcis-PT complex unveils the dolichol synthesis mechanism and its perturbation in disease.
Loss of coiled-coil protein Cep55 impairs abscission processes and results in p53-dependent apoptosis in developing cortex
Authors: Little Jessica N. , McNeely Katrina C. , Michel Nadine , Bott Christopher J. , Lettieri Kaela S. , Hecht Madison R. , Martin Sara A. , Dwyer Noelle D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo produce a brain of normal size and structure, embryonic neural stem cell (NSCs) must tightly regulate their cell divisions. Cerebral cortex NSCs undergo a polarized form of cytokinesis whose regulation is poorly understood. Cytokinetic abscission severs the daughter cells and is mediated by the midbody at the apical membrane. Here we elucidate the role of the coiled-coil midbody protein Cep55 in NSC abscission and brain development. A knockout of Cep55 in mice causes microcephaly with reduced NSCs and neurons, but relatively normal body size. Fixed and live analyses show NSCs lacking Cep55 have decreased but not eliminated ESCRT recruitment, and have abnormal abscission and higher rates of failure. P53-mediated apoptosis is greatly increased in the brain, but not other tissues, and p53 knockout partly rescues brain size. Thus, loss of Cep55 causes abscission defects and failures in multiple cell types, but the secondary p53 response and apoptosis is brain-specific.
Narrated Soviet tourist landscapes during late socialism
Authors: Rattus Kristel , Järs Anu 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The study aims to provide an insight into the inherent diversities and ambiguities of Soviet touristic landscapes during the period of late socialism by a means of Estonian biographical sources. Based on written narratives, the study focuses on the embodied ways in which Estonian travellers engaged with and experienced foreign landscapes and people during trips within the Soviet Union.

Design/methodology/approach
The study treats tourists’ travel landscapes as meaningful, lived experiences that highlight features and everyday life strategies that were characteristic of the Soviet period. Approaching via the lens of Estonian culture and nationality, the study analyses the meaningful experiences through which the narrators drew boundaries between the self and the other.

Findings
The Soviet tourism landscape of the 1960s–1980s was marked by sharp cultural contrasts. The landscapes that unfold in the narratives were full of contradictions, arousing feelings of both admiration and alienation. Whilst the ideological purpose of Soviet tourism was to build a “socialist nation”, the themed narratives, on the other hand, demonstrate the wide spectrum of everyday life practices, which show both the distancing of oneself from the Soviet system as well as conformation with it. Although tourism helped travellers accept the Union, this was achieved not by consenting to socialist ideology, but by becoming familiar with its heterogeneity.

Originality/value
Research on Soviet tourism has largely relied on archival sources and the press, which shed light mainly on the organisation and ideological basis of tourism. Drawing on oral sources, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the complex nature of Soviet tourist landscapes.
Self-selection and purchase value of research shoppers
Authors: Pallant Jason Ian , Sands Sean James , Ferraro Carla Renee , Pallant Jessica Leigh 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper investigates the degree to which self-selection explains the apparent higher purchase value of research shoppers.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was administered to 594 retail shoppers. The purchase value of research shoppers and single-channel shoppers was compared before and after propensity score matching to account for self-selection effects.FindingsPrior to matching, research shoppers spend significantly more than single-channel shoppers. This difference persists after accounting for self-selection but is reduced by 25%. The impact of self-selection differs across product categories and channels, with the online channel most likely to lead to higher purchase value.Practical ImplicationsThe findings build on existing literature on the value of omni-channel retail strategies and provide insights for retailers to determine the likely impact of encouraging research shopping among their customers.Originality/valueThe research provides important insights into the role that self-selection plays in the value of multi-channel shoppers, and the likely value to retailers of omni-channel strategies.
Self-employment and wage difference an analysis for Brazil
Authors: França Marco Túlio Aniceto , Frio Gustavo Saraiva , Korzeniewicz Mariza Bethanya Dalla Vecchia 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe aim of this study is to evaluate the wage gap between men and women who seek self-employment in Brazil, whether because they want to become entrepreneurs out of necessity or because of the flexible hours.Design/methodology/approachThe data used are from the 2015 National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) and the methods are the ordinary least squares (OLS) for the Mean and the unconditional quantile regression (RIF-regression) for the distribution of gains of both genders, both associated with the Oaxaca–Ransom decomposition in order to separate the differential between the part explained by attributes and the unexplained part.FindingsThe main results show that women earn less than men in the mean and throughout the distribution. The average difference is 27.79%, varying between 19.24 and 48.26% in the distribution. The inclusion of occupational variables shows that the glass door phenomenon exists even in self-employment, that is, women choose occupations with lower incomes.Originality/valueStimulating self-employment has been an alternative policy for the insertion of women in the labor market. This is the first study on the wage gap in self-employment in the Brazilian labor market. The presence of wage differentials among self-employed men and women throughout the distribution may point to the need for specific policies that not only target the mean. These policies would be related to sticky floor and to the glass ceiling. Another potential problem concerns the so-called glass door–women access the labor market via professions that pay less, otherwise, the problem points to occupational segregation against women.Peer ReviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-05-2019-0312
Determinants of infant mortality in Sierra Leone: applying Cox proportional hazards model
Authors: Naz Lubna , Patel Kamalesh Kumar 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine biological, maternal and socioeconomic determinants of infant mortality in Sierra Leone.Design/methodology/approachIt uses an analytical framework and Cox proportional hazards regression to break down the effects of factors determining infant mortality. Factors utilized in the empirical investigation include sex of the child, birth size, birth spacing, mother's working status, age of mother, antenatal care, postnatal care, mother's anemia level, religion, mother's education and wealth status.FindingsResults suggest that birth spacing of three years and above associated with a reduced risk of infant mortality contrasted with short birth intervals. Children born to nonanemic mothers have a lower hazard (22%) of infant mortality compared to those born to anemic mothers (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.64–0.96). At least one antenatal care visit by mothers lowers infant mortality rate by 41% compared to no antenatal visits at all ( HR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.36–0.96). Similarly, infants whose mothers have received postnatal care are at lower risk (31%) of dying than those whose mothers have not received (HR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.93). Infant mortality is likely to decrease with the increase in the birth order.Practical implicationsThe family health and planning programs should aim at educating men and women about the usefulness of birth spacing methods.Originality/valueThis paper might be the first attempt to analyze the determinants of infant mortality by utilizing a methodological framework and Cox regression.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-08-2019-0478.
Rapport-building in luxury fashion retail: a collectivist culture case
Authors: Sresnewsky Katherine Braun Galvão Bueno , Yojo Angela Satiko , Veloso Andres Rodriguez , Torresi Laura 
Published: June 2020

PurposeLuxury companies have expanded globally, but little attention is given to the difficulties associated with expansion to culturally different countries, especially when focusing on training salespeople in rapport-building behaviors. To address this discussion, we answer these research questions: (1) Does the luxury fashion brand country of origin affect the rapport-building strategies of salespeople?; (2) How do luxury fashion employees classify customers from collectivistic cultures with emerging economies, such as that in Brazil?; and (3) What are the rapport-building strategies used by these salespeople for each of these luxury fashion customer segments?Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted in-depth interviews with salespeople, managers and team supervisors from four global luxury retailers from Britain, France and Italy that operate in Brazil. In total, the authors interviewed 20 employees with an average of greater than 7 years of experience in luxury sales. The authors based their analysis on a theoretically generated coding guide and content analysis theories.FindingsWhen expanding to culturally different countries, retail companies should adopt glocal strategies, especially when luxury is involved and when customers demand exclusive attention from companies. Additionally, the authors suggest that the effectiveness of rapport building strategies is culturally dependent and should be adapted to the microlevel, especially for continental countries that are culturally diverse.Research limitations/implicationsThis is employee-view research, with no inputs from customers or corporate managers. Luxury fashion brand stores did not grant permission for official research within their employees nor the observation of their customers during in-store interactions. Researchers interviewed employees as individual professionals, and their identities will remain anonymous.Practical implicationsWhen expanding to culturally different countries, luxury retailers should give special attention to the adaption of sales strategies, training and sales guidelines.Originality/valueThis study focuses on customer-employee rapport from the company's perspective.
An authentic flip subscription model for Africa: library as publisher service
Authors: Raju Reggie , Claassen Jill , Pietersen Jeremiah , Abrahamse Danielle 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper investigates the fit for purpose of the flip model proposed by Max Planck Society and Plan S for the African environment. This flipped model is examined against the backdrop of African imperatives, which is much broader than just flipping a journal pricing model from subscription to open access. This paper also seeks a viable alternative model that supports the growth of African scholarship and the dissemination thereof.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a descriptive research methodology, which allows for an in-depth analysis of a phenomenon. By using this method, this paper describes a flip model proposed by global north entities, which do not augur well for the growth of the OA movement in Africa.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that the global north centric flipped model exacerbates the inequality in the publishing landscape by further marginalizing the research voices from the global south. Africa is in dire need of an alternative that denorthernizes the publishing landscape, promote equity and equality, and is more inclusive of the research voices from Africa. South African academic libraries have demonstrated their willingness to experiment with and roll-out library publishing services. This proof of concept has been extended into a continental platform for the publication and dissemination of African scholarship.Originality/valueThis paper will be of interest to those who are grappling with viable alternatives to the current flip models, which include, inter alia, university leadership. This paper will also be of interest to global north libraries who are embarking on library publishing without the social justice obligation but are committed to the OA movement.
Targeted awareness: promoting niche resources using confirmation emails
Authors: Rennick Brian , Camacho Leticia , Spackman Andy 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of a targeted email advertising method that informs university students about library resources relevant to their major.Design/methodology/approachOver the course of one semester, students with business and communications majors who reserved group study rooms received customized confirmation emails that included targeted advertisements for library databases. These advertisements invited students to click a link that led to a database related to a student's major. Near the end of the semester, students were invited to complete a short survey about the advertisements. Survey questions were designed to discover whether the advertisements were seen and to measure database relevancy. The survey also gathered participant perceptions about the value of this targeted awareness advertising approach.FindingsOverall, the technique of appending database advertisements to reservation emails proved ineffective; very few students recalled seeing the advertisements or clicking the links. On the positive side, this study showed that very few of the survey respondents disapproved of receiving advertisements. Another positive result was that a majority indicated the selected library databases were relevant to their needs. Respondents also offered suggestions for improving this marketing technique.Originality/valueThis research introduces a novel, unobtrusive approach to advertising library resources to a targeted audience. The results can be used by library administrators as a starting point for experimenting with similar (yet improved) methods of sharing information about relevant library resources with specific user populations.