bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Axion dark matter detection by superconducting resonant frequency conversion
Authors: Berlin Asher , D’Agnolo Raffaele Tito , Ellis Sebastian A. R. , Nantista Christopher , Neilson Jeffrey , Schuster Philip , Tantawi Sami , Toro Natalia , Zhou Kevin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We propose an approach to search for axion dark matter with a specially designed superconducting radio frequency cavity, targeting axions with masses ma ≲ 10−6 eV. Our approach exploits axion-induced transitions between nearly degenerate resonant modes of frequency ∼ GHz. A scan over axion mass is achieved by varying the frequency splitting between the two modes. Compared to traditional approaches, this allows for parametrically enhanced signal power for axions lighter than a GHz. The projected sensitivity covers unexplored parameter space for QCD axion dark matter for 10−8 eV ≲ ma ≲ 10−6 eV and axion-like particle dark matter as light as ma∼ 10−14 eV.
Generalizing the Scotogenic model
Authors: Escribano Pablo , Reig Mario , Vicente Avelino 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Scotogenic model is an economical setup that induces Majorana neutrino masses at the 1-loop level and includes a dark matter candidate. We discuss a generalization of the original Scotogenic model with arbitrary numbers of generations of singlet fermion and inert doublet scalar fields. First, the full form of the light neutrino mass matrix is presented, with some comments on its derivation and with special attention to some particular cases. The behavior of the theory at high energies is explored by solving the Renormalization Group Equations.
The ground state of the sine-Gordon soliton
Authors: Evslin Jarah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
At one loop, we provide an explicit formula for the ground state of the one- soliton sector in the sine-Gordon theory. The state is given in the basis of eigenstates of the field operator, or equivalently as a Schrodinger wave functional. The formula readily generalizes to other solitons in other models and as an example we also provide the ground state of the kink in the (1+1)-dimensional ϕ4 double well.
Unemployment resistance across EU regions: the role of technological and human capital
Authors: Cappelli Riccardo , Montobbio Fabio , Morrison Andrea 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate the unemployment impact of the 2008 crisis to study the relationship between economic and technological resilience in 248 European Union regions. For economic resilience we measure the difference between the level of unemployment rate before crisis and the level of unemployment rate at its peak after the crisis — i.e. the unemployment resistance. Using European Patent Office patents, we look at all technological crises in each region since 1978 and build a variable of technological resilience measuring the historical ability of a region to maintain its level of knowledge creation in the face of adverse shocks — i.e. the technological resistance. We find that technological resistance is a good predictor of unemployment resistance. In particular, our results show that (1) important interaction effects exist between technological resistance and human capital, (2) technological resistance and the level of human capital are less effective in protecting female and elder adult workers during an economic crisis and (3) important country level effects are present.
Recent advances in compatibilization strategies of wood-polymer composites by isocyanates
Authors: Hejna Aleksander , Przybysz-Romatowska Marta , Kosmela Paulina , Zedler Łukasz , Korol Jerzy , Formela Krzysztof 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWood-polymer composites technologies are gaining more and more attention in the scientific community, positively affecting the increase in their industrial applications, for example, automotive, building, 3D printing, etc. Many research works are focused on the improvement in matrix–lignocellulosic filler interactions to produce highly filled composites with satisfying performance properties. In this field of research, using isocyanates due to their versatile structure and functionality seems to be a very promising approach. This paper aims at reporting on recent advances in compatibilization strategies of wood-polymer composites by isocyanates. Particular attention is focused on the correlation between isocyanate structure, as well as modification conditions on the matrix–lignocellulosic filler interactions and their impact on the structure–property relationships of wood-polymer composites. Furthermore, limitations and future research trends related to applications of isocyanate to wood-polymer composites technologies are also discussed.
The effective thermal conductivity of double-reinforced composites
Authors: Höller Johannes , Niedermeyer Jan , Redenbach Claudia , Ecke Nicholas , Schlarb Alois K. , Andrä Heiko , Klein Peter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolymer based composite materials have a great potential for applications in tribology as dry lubricants since the components comprising the composition may be chosen to fit to various tribological requirements. It is however well known that heat transfer and thermal effects are important for such systems. Systematic experimental studies of temperature effects are time consuming and expensive. In this work, we use a numerical homogenization approach in order to study the principal influence of key composite descriptors of fiber and particle reinforced PEEK on the homogenized heat conductivity. It turns out that the sensitivity of this key parameter on the descriptors can be nicely fitted to a regression model and thus allows for interpolation in the sense of a structure-property-relationship.
Prevention of unwanted recombination at damaged replication forks
Authors: Lehmann Carl P. , Jiménez-Martín Alberto , Branzei Dana , Tercero José Antonio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHomologous recombination is essential for the maintenance of genome integrity but must be strictly controlled to avoid dangerous outcomes that produce the opposite effect, genomic instability. During unperturbed chromosome replication, recombination is globally inhibited at ongoing DNA replication forks, which helps to prevent deleterious genomic rearrangements. This inhibition is carried out by Srs2, a helicase that binds to SUMOylated PCNA and has an anti-recombinogenic function at replication forks. However, at damaged stalled forks, Srs2 is counteracted and DNA lesion bypass can be achieved by recombination-mediated template switching. In budding yeast, template switching is dependent on Rad5. In the absence of this protein, replication forks stall in the presence of DNA lesions and cells die. Recently, we showed that in cells lacking Rad5 that are exposed to DNA damage or replicative stress, elimination of the conserved Mgs1/WRNIP1 ATPase allows an alternative mode of DNA damage bypass that is driven by recombination and facilitates completion of chromosome replication and cell viability. We have proposed that Mgs1 is important to prevent a potentially harmful salvage pathway of recombination at damaged stalled forks. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of how unwanted recombination is prevented at damaged stalled replication forks.
Twitter in der Kardiologie
Authors: Linz Dominik , Duncker David 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungBesonders Twitter hat in der kardiologischen Community an Popularität und Einfluss gewonnen. Twitter ist ein sinnvolles und dynamisches Medium zur Kommunikation, Vernetzung und Weiterbildung für forschende, lehrende und klinisch tätige Kardiologinnen und Kardiologen. Dieser Artikel soll am Beispiel von Twitter Kardiologen eine praktische Handlungsanleitung bieten, um dieses soziale Netzwerk in Zukunft erfolgreich und professionell nutzen zu können, und verdeutlichen, wie man sich über aktuelle Technologien und neue Studienergebnisse auf dem Laufenden halten kann.
The prognostic value of leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein (Lgr5) and its impact on clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer
Authors: Gzil Arkadiusz , Zarębska Izabela , Jaworski Damian , Antosik Paulina , Durślewicz Justyna , Maciejewska Joanna , Domanowska Ewa , Skoczylas-Makowska Natalia , Ahmadi Navid , Grzanka Dariusz , Szylberg Łukasz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Colorectal cancer (CRC) constitutes one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world. Recent research suggests that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor cell’s malignant behavior in CRC. This study has been designed to determinate clinical implications of CSC markers: CD44, DCLK1, Lgr5, and ANXA2 in CRC.

Materials and methods
The study was performed on tissue samples which were collected from 89 patients undergoing colectomy. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks with representative tumor areas were identified and corded. Immunohistochemical staining was performed using anti-CD44, anti-LGR5, anti-ANXA2, and anti-DCLK1 antibodies. The H-score system was utilized to determine the immunointensity of CRC cells.

Results
The lower expression of Lgr5 was significantly correlated with the presence of lymph-node metastases (p = 0.011), while high expression of Lgr5 was statistically significant in vascular invasion in examined cancer tissue samples (p = 0.027). Moreover, a high H-score value of Lgr5 expression was significantly related to a reduced overall survival rate (p = 0.043).

Conclusion
Our results suggest a strong relationship between CSC marker Lgr5 and vascular invasion, presence of lymph-node metastasis, and overall poor survival. The presence of Lgr5 might be an unfavorable prognostic factor, and its high level in cancer tissue is related to an aggressive course. This marker could also be used to access the effectiveness of the treatment.
On the Benefits of Populations for the Exploitation Speed of Standard Steady-State Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Corus Dogan , Oliveto Pietro S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt is generally accepted that populations are useful for the global exploration of multi-modal optimisation problems. Indeed, several theoretical results are available showing such advantages over single-trajectory search heuristics. In this paper we provide evidence that evolving populations via crossover and mutation may also benefit the optimisation time for hillclimbing unimodal functions. In particular, we prove bounds on the expected runtime of the standard ($$\mu +1$$

μ
+
1

) GA for OneMax that are lower than its unary black box complexity and decrease in the leading constant with the population size up to $$\mu =o\left( \sqrt{\log n}\right) $$

μ
=
o

log
n

. Our analysis suggests that the optimal mutation strategy is to flip two bits most of the time. To achieve the results we provide two interesting contributions to the theory of randomised search heuristics: (1) A novel application of drift analysis which compares absorption times of different Markov chains without defining an explicit potential function. (2) The inversion of fundamental matrices to calculate the absorption times of the Markov chains. The latter strategy was previously proposed in the literature but to the best of our knowledge this is the first time is has been used to show non-trivial bounds on expected runtimes.
Psychiatric morbidity, somatic comorbidity and substance use in an adolescent psychiatric population at 3-year follow-up
Authors: Gårdvik Kari Skulstad , Rygg Marite , Torgersen Terje , Lydersen Stian , Indredavik Marit Sæbø 
Published: July 2020

AbstractKnowledge is scarce on the course of psychiatric disorders in adolescence. We aimed to assess changes in the frequency of psychiatric disorders, somatic disorders, pain, and substance use in a clinical psychiatric cohort from adolescence to young adulthood. This study is part of the Health Survey in Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs Hospital, Norway. At age 13–18 years, 717 (43.5% of eligible) participated in the first study visit (T1) in 2009–2011, 549 were reassessed 3 years later with telephone interview (T2), and 464 had diagnostic evaluation at both time points. Data included: ICD-10 diagnoses (T1), DSM-IV diagnoses (T2), self-reported pain and substance use (T1 and T2). The overall rate of psychiatric disorders decreased (T1 vs. T2: 94.8% vs. 72.2%, p < 0.001); while, an increased rate of anxiety disorders was marked among girls (37.5% vs. 55.9%, p < 0.001), with accompanying raised frequencies of psychiatric comorbidity (14.1% vs. 42.6%, p < 0.001), somatic comorbidity (9.4% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.001), chronic pain (31.6% vs. 49.4%, p < 0.001), smoking, alcohol use and trying illicit drugs. Chronic pain, smoking and trying illicit drugs were associated with persisting psychiatric disorders, with highest risk differences for girls (RD = 25.4%, p = 0.002, RD = 15.6%, p = 0.008, RD = 18.0%, p = 0.001, respectively). Three out of four adolescents still had a psychiatric disorder after 3 years. Unlike boys, girls had an increasing rate of anxiety disorders and comorbidities. Chronic pain, smoking and trying illicit drugs were associated with persisting psychiatric disorders. Despite methodological limitations, these findings emphasize the importance of early targeted intervention for adolescents with psychiatric disorders.
Letter to the Editor of the Journal of Artificial Organs: The flaws in the detail of describing methods, comparing patient cohorts and interpreting results
Authors: Maier Sven , Klemm Rolf , Beyersdorf Friedhelm , Benk Christoph 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe read with great interest the article written by Murphy et al. (J Artif Organs 22:286–293, 2019). We acknowledge the authors contribution. However, the results presented may be difficult to interpret due to several missing information and therefore may not support the conclusions. Therefore, the results of this publication should be viewed very critically.
Lower risk of primary Sjogren’s syndrome in patients with dengue virus infection: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Chi-Ching , Yen Yu-Chun , Lee Cheng-Yi , Lin Chiou-Feng , Huang Chao-Ching , Tsai Ching Wen , Chuang Ting-Wu , Bai Chyi-Huey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe data concerning the association between dengue viruses (DV) infection and autoimmune diseases (ADs) remain unclear and are scarce. This nationwide population-based cohort study assessed the risk of ADs among patients with DV infection. We analyzed Taiwanese medical data from the Registry of the National Notifiable Disease Reporting System of Taiwan’s Centers for Disease Control between 1998 and 2015 and identified patients with DV infection. From the entire general population data in the National Health Insurance Research Database, we randomly selected a comparison cohort that was individual matching by age, sex, residence, and index date. We analyzed the risk of ADs using a Cox proportional hazards regression model stratified by sex, age, and residence. We enrolled 29,365 patients with DV infection (50.68% men; mean age, 44.13 years) and 117,460 age-, sex-, and residence-matched controls in the present study. The incidence rates of organ-specific ADs were nonsignificantly higher in the DV cohort than in the non-DV control cohort. An approximately 70% lower risk of primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) was evident in the DV cohort than in the non-DV control cohort with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.30 (95% confidence interval 0.13–0.67) after adjusting for comorbidities in matched design. By contrast, the other systemic ADs were nonsignificantly lower in the DV cohort than in the non-DV control cohort. This nationwide long-term cohort study demonstrated that patients with DV infection had a lower risk of primary Sjogren syndrome than those without DV infection.

Key Points• This retrospective, longitudinal cohort observational study shows that patients with DV infection had a lower risk of pSS than those without DV infection.• The DV cohort had an approximately 70% lower risk of pSS than the control group, with a multivariate-adjusted HR of 0.30.• On the basis of this result, we contended that DV infection has a protective effect that reduces the risk of pSS.
The management of adult appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interim analysis of a UK cohort study
Authors:   The COVID: HAREM (Had Appendicitis, Resolved/Recurred Emergency Morbidity/Mortality) Collaborators Group, Javanmard-Emamghissi H. , Boyd-Carson H. , Hollyman M. , Doleman B. , Adiamah A. , Lund J. N. , Clifford R. , Dickerson L. , Richards S. , Pearce L. , Cornish J. , Hare S. , Lockwood S. , Moug S. J. , Tierney G. M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common general surgical emergency. Early laparoscopic appendicectomy is the gold-standard management. SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) brought concerns of increased perioperative mortality and spread of infection during aerosol generating procedures: as a consequence, conservative management was advised, and open appendicectomy recommended when surgery was unavoidable. This study describes the impact of the first weeks of the pandemic on the management of AA in the United Kingdom (UK).

Methods
Patients 18 years or older, diagnosed clinically and/or radiologically with AA were eligible for inclusion in this prospective, multicentre cohort study. Data was collected from 23rd March 2020 (beginning of the UK Government lockdown) to 1st May 2020 and included: patient demographics, COVID status; initial management (operative and conservative); length of stay; and 30-day complications. Analysis was performed on the first 500 cases with 30-day follow-up.

Results
The patient cohort consisted of 500 patients from 48 sites. The median age of this cohort was 35 [26–49.75] years and 233 (47%) of patients were female. Two hundred and seventy-one (54%) patients were initially treated conservatively; with only 26 (10%) cases progressing to an operation. Operative interventions were performed laparoscopically in 44% (93/211). Median length of hospital stay was significantly reduced in the conservatively managed group (2 [IQR 1–4] days vs. 3 [2–4], p < 0.001). At 30 days, complications were significantly higher in the operative group (p < 0.001), with no deaths in any group. Of the 159 (32%) patients tested for COVID-19 on admission, only 6 (4%) were positive.

Conclusion
COVID-19 has changed the management of acute appendicitis in the UK, with non-operative management shown to be safe and effective in the short-term. Antibiotics should be considered as the first line during the pandemic and perhaps beyond.
The effects of information overload on online conversation dynamics
Authors: Gunaratne Chathika , Baral Nisha , Rand William , Garibay Ivan , Jayalath Chathura , Senevirathna Chathurani 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe inhibiting effects of information overload on the behavior of online social media users, can affect the population-level characteristics of information dissemination through online conversations. We introduce a mechanistic, agent-based model of information overload and investigate the effects of information overload threshold and rate of information loss on observed online phenomena. We find that conversation volume and participation are lowest under high information overload thresholds and mid-range rates of information loss. Calibrating the model to user responsiveness data on Twitter, we replicate and explain several observed phenomena: (1) Responsiveness is sensitive to information overload threshold at high rates of information loss; (2) Information overload threshold and rate of information loss are Pareto-optimal and users may experience overload at inflows exceeding 30 notifications per hour; (3) Local abundance of small cascades of modest global popularity and local scarcity of larger cascades of high global popularity explains why overloaded users receive, but do not respond to large, highly popular cascades; 4) Users typically work with 7 notifications per hour; 5) Over-exposure to information can suppress the likelihood of response by overloading users, contrary to analogies to biologically-inspired viral spread. Reconceptualizing information spread with the mechanisms of information overload creates a richer representation of online conversation dynamics, enabling a deeper understanding of how (dis)information is transmitted over social media.
The Role of Direct Strategy Instruction and Indirect Activation of Self-Regulated Learning—Evidence from Classroom Observation Studies
Authors: Dignath Charlotte , Veenman Marcel V. J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite the consensus about the importance of self-regulated learning for academic as well as for lifelong learning, it is still poorly understood as to how teachers can most effectively support their students in enacting self-regulated learning. This article provides a framework about how self-regulated learning can be activated directly through strategy instruction and indirectly by creating a learning environment that allows students to regulate their learning. In examining teachers’ instructional attempts for SRL, we systematically review the literature on classroom observation studies that have assessed how teachers support their students’ SRL. The results of the 17 retrieved studies show that in most classrooms, only little direct strategy instruction took place. Nevertheless, some teachers provided their students with learning environments that require and thus foster self-regulated learning indirectly. Based on a review of classroom observation studies, this article stresses the significance of (1) instructing SRL strategies explicitly so that students develop metacognitive knowledge and skills to integrate the application of these strategies successfully into their learning process, and (2) the necessity of complementing classroom observation research with data gathered from student and teacher self-report in order to obtain a comprehensive view of the effectiveness of teacher approaches to support SRL. Finally, we discuss ten cornerstones for future directions for research about supporting SRL.
Identification and characterization of Pseudomonas syringae pv. mori affecting white mulberry (Morus alba) in Poland
Authors: Krawczyk Krzysztof , Łochyńska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe white mulberry (Morus albaL.) is particularly valued in Asia and Europe because its leaves serve as fodder for the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx moriL.) in the production of raw silk (sericulture). However, the health of silkworm caterpillars producing silk fibres, and the quality of their cocoons depend strongly on fodder quality. Moreover, this plant is also valuable in the food and pharmaceutical industries, where high-quality herbal material is required. In one of the Polish mulberry plantations, trees with chlorotic, angular leaf spots and blotches were observed. The disease multiplied in spring in humid conditions and spread to developing blossoms and leaves. Leaves were collected during two growing seasons (2017–2018) from 18-year-old trees cultivated at the Experimental Farm of the Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants in Petkowo, Poland (52°12′40″N 17°15′31″E). Leaf lesions exhibited bacterial streaming, and bacterial colonies were readily isolated on tryptic soy agar. Biochemical (Biolog Gen III system v. 2.8.0), molecular (16S rDNA andgyrB genes), and pathogenicity testing in the greenhouse identified the causal agent asPseudomonas syringae. This bacterial species was the most abundant in each of the sample tested. To our knowledge this is the first description and characterization ofP. syringaeaffecting mulberry trees not only in Poland but throughout Europe. Our aim was to point out the importance of plant diseases caused by bacteria. This finding serves as a warning for the phytosanitary services in Europe and for the sericulture industry that a new disease threat has appeared for European mulberry crops.