bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticholinergic drugs and oral health-related quality of life in patients with schizophrenia: a pilot study
Authors: Chapuis Justine , Siu-Paredes Francesca , Pavageau Claire , Amador Gilles , Rude Nathalie , Denis Frédéric 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore, in a sample population of people with schizophrenia (PWS), the role of the anticholinergic burden on the perception of oral health-related quality of life (OHrQoL) in France.

Methods
A pilot study was performed between March 2014 and January 2016. PWS were recruited from a population in Côte d’Or department in France. Dental status was investigated using the Decayed, Missing, or Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, the Xerostomia Index (XI), and the Global Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) for OHrQoL. The anticholinergic impregnation score was recorded using the anticholinergic impregnation scale (AIS).

Results
A sample of 62 people was selected. The DMFT score was 16.5± 8.7, the XI score was 22.9±7.8, the GOHAI score was 43.0±8.8, and the AIS score was 3.1±2.8. In total, 169 drugs were prescribed to the people of our sample, and 114 different anticholinergic drugs were observed. The most frequently used anticholinergic drugs (51.40%), in the study had a low antimuscarinic potency (1 point according to AIS scale). The multiple linear regression model showed that the OHrQoL scores were significantly lower when the DMFT scores, XI score, and anticholinergic scores were high.

Conclusions
This pilot study highlighted the potential role of the anticholinergic burden on the OHrQoL of PWS. A study with a validated specific scale for the OHrQoL and a standard anticholinergic burden scale should be conducted to clarify the role of anticholinergic drugs on the OHrQoL for PWS.
Aplicación de un diseño factorial 23 en la extracción asistida por microondas y evaluación de la actividad antioxidante de los compuestos presentes en frutos de Vaccinium meridionale
Authors: Ávila Ávila Wilson , Medina Vargas Oscar J. , Moreno Bastidas Lucía M. 
Published: February 2020

El arándano (Vaccinium meridonale) forma parte de la familia Ericaceae; es un fruto rico en compuestos polifenólicos como antocianinas y flavonoides con propiedades antioxidantes, compuestos que presentan algunas características para la inhibición de radicales libres. Se empleó un diseño factorial 23 para investigar los efectos de las variables temperatura, tiempo y el porcentaje de etanol en la extracción asistida por microondas (MAE) de los antioxidantes presentes en frutos de arándanos, como técnica alternativa, con la cual se pretende una economía destacable en cuanto al empleo de disolventes, tiempo y energía, en comparación con los procesos de extracción convencionales. Las extracciones se realizaron bajo las siguientes condiciones: temperatura (343,15 -383,15 K), tiempo (5-15 minutos), %EtOH (0-80%). Se planteó un diseño factorial, con un total de 8 experimentos para determinar la influencia de la relación de las variables en el proceso de extracción de compuestos con actividad antioxidante por el método de DPPH•, obteniendo un modelo factorial de primer orden con interacciones, bajo un nivel de confianza del 100% y R2=1. El diseño experimental y la evaluación de los resultados se realizó con el software R Studio® versión libre.
A Ship Detector Design Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Satellite Images
Authors: UCAR Ferhat , KORKMAZ Deniz 
Published: February 2020

Ship target
classification from satellite images is a challenging task with its
requirements of feature extracting, advanced pre-processing, a variety of
parameters obtained from satellites and other type of images, and analyzing of
images. The dissimilarity of results, enhanced dataset requirement, intricacy
of the problem domain, general use of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images and
problems on generalizability are some topics of the issues related to ship
target detection. In this study, we propose a deep convolutional neural network
model for detecting the ships using the satellite images as inputs. Our model has acquired an adequate accuracy
value by just using a pre-processed satellite image input. Visual and graphical
results of features at various layers and deconvolutions are also demonstrated
for a better understanding of the basic process.
A New Approach to Obtaining The Optical Indices From The Values of The Spectrophotometric Measurement
Authors: ELMAS Bahadır , AKKAYA ARIER Ümit Özlem 
Published: February 2020

Calculation of spectral transmittance and reflectance values of a
multilayer coating need to be known the spectral refractive index and the
extinction coefficient values. In order to calculate the spectral optical
indices a software was developed. It uses the spectrophotometric transmittance
and reflectance values of single layer coatings, each coated only with the
material in question, and the thicknesses of these layers. Considering the effective functions it
contains, the software was written in the Matlab programming environment.
Effect of Gd211 Addition on the Vertical Levitation Force of Gd123 Superconductors
Authors: GÜNER Sait Barış 
Published: February 2020

We investigated the microstructure and magnetic
properties of Gd123:Gd211 = 1-y : y (y = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) bulk
superconductors with the diameter of 13 mm and thickness of 5 mm fabricated by
melt-textured method. The vertical
levitation force between melt-textured bulk superconductors and a permanent magnet
is measured at 30, 40, 50, 60, and 77 K under zero-field-cooling (ZFC) and
field-cooling (FC) regimes by Magnetic Levitation Force Measurement System
(MLFMS). The phase and microstructures properties of all samples are determined
by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The measurements of superconducting
characteristics showed that the maximum vertical levitation forces of the Gd01
sample were noted as 3.04, 2.30, 1.53, 0.91 and 0.16 N at the temperatures of
30, 40, 50, 60 and 77 K, respectively. The present results perform that a
high-performance good-quality GdBCO can improve from laboratory conditions to
technological applications for large scale levitated system.
Investigation of the Usability of Perlite Waste for Dyestuff Removal from Aqueous Solution
Authors: SELENGİL Uğur , BEKTAŞ Tijen Ennil 
Published: February 2020

In this study, unexpended perlite waste obtained from a
factory producing expanded perlite was used as adsorbent. Malachite green (MY),
which is a cationic dyestuff, was used as adsorbed material. The pore properties including
the BET surface area, pore volume and average pore diameter were characterized. The
chemical composition of the perlite was analysed by XRF. The effects of initial pH,
the amount of adsorbent, contact time and initial dyestuff concentration were
examined. The adsorption kinetics of dyestuff obeys the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The experimental data indicated that the
adsorption isotherms are well described by the Langmuir isotherm equation. 99% dyestuff removal
was obtained under optimum conditions. As a result, it was found that
perlite waste was a suitable adsorbent for malachite green dyestuff.
Prevalencia del Streptococcus agalactiae en maternas usuarias del Hospital Militar Central. Bogotá, (Colombia) año 2010
Authors: García Daniel Alejandro , Mojica María Edith , Méndez Iván Alberto , Pachón Diana Patricia , Prieto Andrés Camilo , Santamaría Elisa Victoria , Calixto Omar Javier , Murcia Cristian Camilo , Palmera Harold 
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: establecer la prevalencia del Streptococcus agalactiae en gestantes que asisten al servicio de medicina materno fetal del Hospital Militar Central en el periodo comprendido entre enero 15 de 2010 y septiembre 15 de 2010.Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal en gestantes con edad gestacional entre 35 y 37,6 semanas, del Hospital Militar Central de Bogotá. Muestreo por conveniencia de 130 gestantes. Previo consentimiento informado, se realizó hisopado para la toma de muestras del introito vaginal y ampolla rectal, las cuales se incubaron durante 24 horas. Se realizó serotipificación y prueba de susceptibilidad antibiótica a los aislamientos de bilis esculina negativo y la prueba de CAMP (Christie, Atkins, Munch y Petersen) positivo. Los datos de las gestantes incluidas en el estudio, junto con los resultados de cultivo, fueron organizados en una base de datos de Excel® y posteriormente se realizó un análisis descriptivo de variables sociodemográficas y positividad para el aislamiento de S. agalactiae.Resultados: la edad materna promedio fue 28±6,76 años. De un total de 260 muestras analizadas correspondientes a las 130 gestantes, solo una muestra resultó positiva paraStreptococcus agalactiae serotipo Ia (0,38%), correspondiente a una gestante de 37 semanas procedente de Bogotá, con un perfil de susceptibilidad que manifestó resistencia a ampicilina y vancomicina, y sensibilidad a cefalotina, ceftriaxona, eritromicina y clindamicina.Conclusiones: la prevalencia reportada es baja para la población de este estudio, por esta razón es cuestionable realizar el tamizaje de rutina para el Streptococcus agalactiae a las maternas que consultan al Hospital Militar Central.
Auscultando la corrupción en la salud: definición y causas.¿Qué está en juego?
Authors: Manrique-Villanueva Lina , Eslava-Schmalbach Javier 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: el deseo de recibir tratos favorables o preferenciales transgrediendo las normas y la ley origina comportamientos corruptos. El hecho de sobreponer el interés particular sobre el general incide en la sociedad, excluyendo a un porcentaje significativo de la población, que ve afectados sus derechos constitucionales. Este artículo reflexiona sobre el concepto de corrupción y revisa los actores del sistema de salud en Colombia, invitando a una mirada interdisciplinaria, capaz de una lectura crítica de la información que presentan los medios de comunicación.
Objetivo: hacer una reflexión sobre: 1) qué es la corrupción, 2) cuáles son sus causas, 3) cómo incide en el sistema de salud colombiano y 4) discutir la necesidad de una reforma profunda en la formación de los valores culturales que orienten hacia la valoración de la honradez y la transparencia.
Materiales y métodos: a partir de una revisión de fuentes secundarias, el artículo de reflexión señala cómo la corrupción afecta la salud pública. Se busca una aproximación conceptual a la noción de corrupción desde el punto de vista económico, político y cultural. Concluye, desde la perspectiva de la salud pública, con la necesidad de reformas profundas al sistema y de la formación de los profesionales de la salud como ciudadanos participativos con competencias para una lectura crítica de medios.
Resultados: se postulan tres premisas que, desde nuestro punto de vista, deben ser documentadas desde la academia: primera, la corrupción es universal; segunda, la corrupción ha penetrado en el sistema de salud, y, tercera, ha permeado de una manera más marcada debido al sistema de mercado sin regulación.
Conclusiones: la reforma al sistema de salud debe garantizar cero corrupción en el sector, acceso real a la provisión de servicios de buena calidad, con una mirada intersectorial que entienda el papel de los determinantes en salud en la perpetuación de la enfermedad y de la pobreza, y que tenga como meta de control los resultados bajo condiciones de equidad a corto plazo.
Pronóstico perinatal de los fetos con circular de cordón en relación con la vía del parto. Revisión de la literatura
Authors: Bustamante-Zuluaga Carlos , Parra-Anaya Guido , Vergara-Quintero Felipe , Díaz-Yunez Israel , De Nubbila-Lizcano Eduardo 
Published: February 2020

Introducción: un supuesto incremento en el riesgo de resultados perinatales negativos en fetos expuestos a circular de cordón a cuello lleva con frecuencia a la realización de la operación cesárea, sin embargo, no es claro que la circular de cordón esté realmente asociada con la frecuencia de malos resultados fetales o neonatales. El objetivo del artículo es hacer una revisión de las publicaciones sobre el resultado perinatal asociado con la circular de cordón a cuello y la vía del parto que reviste mayor seguridad.Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos electrónicas PubMed, Ovid, SciELO y LILACS, así como de revistas indexadas y sociedades médicas reconocidas:The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, The American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology y the Medical Journal Armed Forces India.Resultados: se revisaron 520 títulos, de los cuales cumplían con nuestros criterios de selección 40 revisiones, correspondientes a diseños de tipo transversal, de cohorte, casos y controles, y revisiones sistemáticas. Los estudios muestran que no se presentan diferencias significativas entre pacientes con y sin circular única de cordón respecto al retardo de crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU), disminución en el valor de Apgar al nacer o mortalidad perinatal como parámetros de evidencia de resultados adversos perinatales. Además, las tasas de cesáreas en pacientes con circular de cordón única están alrededor de un 9% frente a un 13% en pacientes sin circular.Conclusión: la evidencia disponible en la actualidad no soporta de manera consistente la asociación entre la presencia de circular de cordón fetal y resultados perinatales adversos mayores, al compararlos con fetos sin circular de cordón. Existe algún riesgo en situaciones especiales como las múltiples vueltas de cordón y la circular ajustada al cuello. No hay evidencia que soporte la realización de cesárea ante la presencia de circular única en nuca fetal.
The role and assesment of mental and emotional state in patients with arrhythmias
Authors: Neznanov N. G. , Lebedeva U. V. , Rida O. , Petrova V. B. , Palchikova E. I. , Yusifzade A. E.K. 
Published: February 2020

The aim is to study the influence and assessment of mental and emotional states in patients with arrhythmias.Materials and methods. Literature search was performed using the following resources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, as well as in the search system Google Scholar by the key words “psychoarrhythmology”, “neural-cardiac axis”, “psychocardiology”, “arrhythmogenesis”, and “stress-induced arrhythmia”. Articles should be freely available and should represent the most relevant information on the topic. Studies were selected by the largest sample and citation index.Results. In this review of studies on the correlation of psychosocial factors and constitutional features of personality in patients with arrhythmias, the available data on the pathogenesis of cardiac pathology, including the main arrhythmological disorders in nervous excitation caused by negative emotions and stress are presented. The article also reflects the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to risk prediction, potential risk modifiers and approaches to the treatment of cardiac pathology, taking into account the psycho-emotional state of the patient.Conclusion. Reducing the severity of the disease requires a comprehensive approach, in particular, psychodiagnostics, psychocorrection, psychotherapy and psychopharmacotherapy. Further development of this approach to this problem will lead to the creation of new programs for early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of cardiac pathology.
Islamic Marketing and Muslim Consumers’ Behavior
Authors: Abuznaid Samir Ahmad 
Published: February 2020

Religion is a system of beliefs and practices that dictates individual response and interpretations regarding what is supernatural and sacred (Mukhtar, and Butt,2011). Religion is one of the most universal and influential social institutions that has strong influence on people’s belief, personal identity and value systems (Nooshin Ghodsimaab, 2016).The impact of religion on culture is exerted from the Quran and Sunnah (Abuznaid, 2006; Delener,1994).Religion has received little attention from consumer researchers mainly because they believe that the influence of religion on consumption processes are indirect and the topic of religion has no place in consumer behavior theories and literature.As a result of the widening gap and cultural conflict between the West and Muslim countries, many international companies have become negatively affected by the changes in the international environment, which is reflected in changes in consumer behavior (Al-Hayari et al., 2012).This research aims to discuss the impact of Islam on marketing practices and Muslim consumers’ behavior. A descriptive analytical approach using the interview method was used as a research tool for data collection.Conference papers in the field of Islamic marketing knowledge were consulted. Qur’anic quotes and Ahadiths (sayings and practices of Prophet Muhammad) are heavily used to best describe and explain Muslim consumers behavior. In addition, Muslim scholars and Imams (preachers) have been consulted on some issues for better definitions of Islamic terms and concepts.The findings of the study show that Islam has a major impact on Muslims’ buying behavior. Consumer behavior issues have become more heterogeneous because of cultural differences. This phenomenon makes it progressively important to understand factors impacting it (Abdellatif, Abu Auf, Meddour, Saoula, 2018).This paper will help marketers better address Muslim markets and Muslim consumer’s behavior taking into account that Halal food industry is growing in a number of markets in East Asia countries, North Africa , North America ,South America, Western Europe and the Middle East as the largest market.
Intraoperative Intravenous and Intra-Articular Plus Postoperative Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Tsukada Sachiyuki , Kurosaka Kenji , Nishino Masahiro , Maeda Tetsuyuki , Hirasawa Naoyuki , Matsue Yuya 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Combined intraoperative intravenous and intra-articular tranexamic acid (TXA) is 1 of the most effective administration routes to decrease the amount of perioperative blood loss during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the additive effect of postoperative intravenous TXA administration remains unclear. We hypothesized that the postoperative repeated-dose intravenous administration of TXA would provide lower perioperative blood loss.

Methods:
We performed a double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial involving patients undergoing primary TKA. A total of 100 patients who were managed with combined intraoperative intravenous and intra-articular TXA were randomly assigned to receive 3 postoperative 1,000-mg doses of intravenous TXA (TXA group) or 3 postoperative doses of intravenous normal saline solution (placebo group) in a 1:1 ratio. The prespecified primary outcome was perioperative blood loss calculated from patient blood volume and the difference in hemoglobin from preoperatively to postoperative day 3. A post hoc power analysis showed that the number of patients allocated to either the TXA group (n = 46) or the placebo group (n = 54) possessed >80% power to detect a 200-mL difference in perioperative blood loss.

Results:
In the intention-to-treat analysis, we found no significant differences in perioperative blood loss between the TXA group and the placebo group through postoperative day 3 (578 ± 229 compared with 640 ± 276 mL, respectively; 95% confidence interval for the difference, −40 to 163 mL; p = 0.23). The prevalence of postoperative thrombotic events did not differ between the 2 groups (4.3% compared with 3.7%, respectively; p > 0.99).

Conclusions:
Postoperative intravenous TXA had no additive effect in reducing perioperative blood loss in patients receiving intraoperative combined intravenous and intra-articular TXA.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A randomized controlled trial study of the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary impact of SITA (SMS as an Incentive To Adhere): A mobile technology-based intervention informed by behavioral economics to improve ART adherence among youth in Uganda
Authors: MacCarthy Sarah , Wagner Zachary , Mendoza-Graf Alexandra , Gutierrez Carlos Ignacio , Samba Clare , Birungi Josephine , Okoboi Stephen , Linnemayr Sebastian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies report serious adherence problems among youth (individuals age 15-24 years of age) in Uganda. Recent growth in mobile phone ownership has highlighted the potential of using text-based interventions to improve antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence among Ugandan youth. We piloted a randomized controlled trial of a text-based intervention providing weekly real-time antiretroviral adherence feedback, based on information from a smart pill box, to HIV-positive Ugandan youth. In this paper, we report the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary impact of the intervention. Methods: We randomized participants to a control group, or to receive messages with information on either their own adherence levels (Treatment 1 - T1), or their own adherence and peer adherence levels (Treatment 2 – T2). We conducted six focus groups from December 2016 to March 2017 with providers and youth ages 15-24, double coded 130 excerpts, and achieved a pooled Cohen’s Kappa of 0.79 and 0.80 based on 34 randomly selected excerpts. Results: The quantitative and qualitative data show that the intervention was deemed acceptable and feasible. After controlling for baseline adherence, the T1 group had 3.8 percentage point lower adherence than the control group (95% CI -9.9, 2.3) and the T2 group had 2.4 percentage points higher adherence than the control group (95% CI -3.0, 7.9). However, there was an increasing treatment effect over time for the T2 group with the largest effect towards the end of the study; a 2.5 percentage point increase in the initial 9-weeks that grows steadily to 9.0 percentage points by the last 9-weeks of the study. We find negative treatment effects for T1 in 3 of the 4 9-week intervals. This pilot study was not designed to detect statistically significant differences. Conclusions: Improving youth’s adherence by supplementing information about their adherence with information about the adherence of peers is a promising new strategy that should be further evaluated in a fully-powered study. Providing one’s own adherence information alone appears to have less potential.