bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative mortality of head and neck cancers
Authors: Wang Yannan , Wang Mengxue , Sun Bincan , Wang Kai , Zhu Feiya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Head and neck cancers are aggressive cancers, most clinical studies focused on the prognosis of patients with head and neck cancer. However, perioperative mortality was few mentioned.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using all head and neck cancer patients admitting in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from January 2010 to December 2019. The analysis of overall survival and progression-free survival were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses employed a logistic regression model to determine the effect of study parameters on perioperative mortality. Results: From January 2010 to December 2019, a total of 6972 patients with head and neck cancers were admitted to our department and 7 died in the hospital, all of whom were middle-aged and elderly patients including 6 males and 1 female. The perioperative mortality rate (POMR) was about 1‰. The causes of death included acute heart failure, rupture of large blood vessels in the neck, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy due to asphyxia, respiratory failure and cardiopulmonary arrest. Conclusion: Prior radiotherapy, postoperative infection, hypertension and diabetes are risk factors for perioperative mortality of head and neck cancer.
Concentration of Steroid Hormones in Chicken Meat Samples from Iranian Markets Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Shariatifar Nabi , Nabizadeh Samaneh , Anboyeh Seveh , Amirahmadi Maryam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim current study was to analysis of anabolic hormones (methyltestosterone and androstenedione) residue in meat poultry samples collected from Tehran market of Iran by a method based on liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). In this regard, the extraction method of "quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe" (QuEChERS) was applied. The method of optimized was validated; obtaining suitable results for all validation parameters in the chicken matrices were assessed. Recovery values ranged from 76.3% to 116.7%. The detection limit (LOD) was established for two compounds as 0.16 μg/kg, and the quantification limit (LOQ) was determined as 0.5. Finally, 72 chicken meat samples were analyzed and two hormones (methyltestosterone and androstenedione) were evaluated, which were not detected in any of the chicken meat samples. Therefore, it can be concluded that the amount of contamination of chicken meat available in the Iranian market with hormones is often similar to that found in other countries, and in accordance with the European Commission (EC) standard. Therefore, due to the lack of hormones in chicken meat, its use cannot be dangerous for humans.
The Differential Responses of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Lipid Metabolism to Low Temperature between Cycas Bifida and C. panzhihuaensis
Authors: Zheng Yanling , Wang Meng , Hu Shijun , Wu Jianrong , Yu Zhixiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Our previous work showed that freezing tolerance of Cycas panzhihuaensis was higher than that of C. bifida. However, the mechanisms underlying the differential freezing tolerance of the two species is not clear. Photosynthesis is one of the most temperature-sensitive processes. Lipids play important roles in membrane structure, signal transduction and energy storage which are closely related to stress response of plants. Hence, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and lipid profiles of the two species were characterized to explore the dynamic changes of photosynthetic activity and lipid metabolism following low temperature and subsequent recovery. Results: The photosynthetic activity decreased significantly with the decrease of temperatures in C. bifida, reaching to zero after recovery, which however, was little affected in C. panzhihuaensis. Lipid composition of C. bifida was more affected by cold and freezing treatments than C. panzhihuaensis. Compared to the control, the proportions of all the lipid categories recovered to the original level for C. panzhihuaensis but those of most lipid categories changed significantly for C. bifida after 3 d of recovery. Particularly, the glycerophospholipids and prenol lipids of C. bifida degraded severely during recovery period for C. bifida. The changes of acyl chain length and double bond index (DBI) occurred in more lipid classes immediately after low temperatures in C. panzhihuaensis than those in C. bifida. DBI of the total main membrane lipids of C. panzhihuaensis was significantly higher than that of C. bifida following all the treatments. Conclusions: The results of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters confirmed that the freezing tolerance of C. panzhihuaensis was higher than that of C. bifida. The lipid metabolism of the two species had differential responses to low temperatures. The homeostasis and plastic adjustment of lipid metabolism and the higher level of DBI of the main membrane lipids might contribute to the higher tolerance of C. panzhihuaensis to low temperature.
Assessment of Changes in Genetic Transcriptome in Nasal Epithelial Cells Exposed to Black Carbon and Pollen Allergen by High-throughput Transcriptomics
Authors: Ouyang Yuhui , Li Ying , Xu Zhaojun , An Yusan , Zhang Luo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests that air pollution may be associated with an increase in airway responsiveness to allergens, an increase in bioavailability of airborne allergens and possibly exacerbation of allergic rhinitis (AR). Environmental black carbon (BC) is an important constituent of atmospheric particulate matter (PM), for which the mechanisms underlying its effects have not been fully elucidated in AR. The objective of the present study was to determine the BC and pollen-induced alterations in the transcriptome in human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) in vitro.Methods: hNECs were prepared from nasal epithelial mucosal samples of healthy individuals undergoing nasal surgery (turbinoplasty or septoplasty). The hNECs were established as air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures and exposed to BC alone or in combination with pollen allergen. The changes in the transcriptome were analyzed by high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Some of the differentially expressed genes were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Enrichment analysis based on Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG database for each Gene was performed to determine their major biological functions and pathways.Results: Exposure to ≥50 μg/ml BC or 25μg/ml BC + 200g /ml pollen significantly decreased cell viability in the hNECs compared to control (p<0.05) or 25μg/ml BC alone (p<0.05). Expression of 114 genes (including 80 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated) and 293 genes (including 233 up-regulated and 60 down-regulated genes) was significantly altered following exposure to 200 μg/ml BC and 25 μg/ml BC =200 μg/ml pollen respectively. For 200 μg/ml BC, up-regulated GO terms were mainly associated with hypoxia stress response, whereas for 25 μg/ml BC + 200 μg/ml pollen treatment the top enriched GO terms were associated with inflammatory response including regulation of neutrophil migration and chemotaxis, macrophage differentiation and chemotaxis, mast cell activation, and phagocytosis. KEGG pathway analysis indicated the top 10 upstream regulators to be IL1B, CSF1, CCL2, TLR2, LPL, IGF8, SPP1, CXCL8, FCER1G and IL1RN. The expressions of inflammation related gene IL1B, CSF1 and FCER1G were elevated as measured by RT-qPCR assay.Conclusion: BC and pollen allergen may induce innate immune and allergic inflammation in hNECs, and therefore potentially exacerbate the symptoms of AR in affected individuals.
The Antiviral Activity of Kaempferol Against Pseudorabies Virus in Mice
Authors: Wang Rui , Hu Huaiyue , Chen Xu , Yin Zhongqiong , Liang Xiaoxia , He Changliang , Yin Lizi , Ye Gang , Zou Yuanfeng , Li Lixia , Yue Guizhou , Tang Huaqiao , Jia Renyong , Song Xu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the neurotrophic Alphaherpesviruses, is one of the most important pathogens that harm the global pig industry. Accumulated evidence indicated that PRV could infect humans under certain circumstances, inducing severe clinical symptoms such as acute human encephalitis. Currently, there are no antiviral drugs to treat PRV infections, and vaccines available only for swine could not provide full protections. Thus, new control measures are urgently needed. Results: In the present study, kaempferol exhibited anti-PRV activity in mice through improving survival rate by 22.22% at 6 days post infection (dpi) which is higher than acyclovir (Positive control) with the survival rate of 16.67%, and in the infected-untreated group the survival rate was 0%. Kaempferol could inhibit the virus replication in the brain, lung, kidney, heart and spleen, especially in the brain the viral gene copies were reduced by over 700-fold, which is further confirmed by immunohistochemical examination. The tissue lesions induced by PRV infection in these organs were also alleviated. The expressions of the early genes EPO and TK in the brain were significantly inhibited by kaempferol. The expression of latency-associated transcript (LAT) were also inhibited in the brain, which suggested kaempferol could inhibit the PRV latency. Kaempferol-treatment could induce higher levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ in the serum at 3 dpi which were then declined to normal levels at 5 dpi, suggesting that kaempferol could exert anti-PRV activity through regulation of the immune function.Conclusions: These results suggest that kaempferol is expected to be a new alternative control measure for PRV infections.
Health-related quality of life among breast cancer patients compared to cancer survivors and age-matched women in the general population in Vietnam
Authors: Ngan Tran Thu , Mai Vu Quynh , Minh Hoang Van , Donnelly Michael , O’Neill Ciaran 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
This study compared the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of BC patients, survivors, and age-matched women from the general population in Vietnam in order to address the paucity of HRQoL research and contribute to the robust assessment of breast cancer (BC) screening and care in Vietnam.
Methods
The standardised EQ-5D-5L instrument was incorporated in an online survey and a hospital-based face-to-face survey, and together with data from the Vietnam EQ-5D-5L norms Study. χ2 tests assessed EQ-5D health profile associations and a Tobit regression model investigated the association between overall health status (EQ-VAS/utility scores) and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Results
A total of 309 participants (107 patients undergoing treatment and 202 survivors who had completed treatment) provided usable responses. The dimensions that affected most the HRQoL of women with BC were pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Current patients and survivors differed significantly regarding HRQoL dimensions of mobility, self-care, usual activities, and anxiety/depression. Their health utilities were 0.74 and 0.84, respectively, compared with 0.91 for age-matched Vietnamese women in the general population (p < 0.001). Treatment status (survivor vs patient), younger age, higher monthly household income, and higher education levels were associated with higher health utility.
Conclusions
The results point to unmet needs in mental health support and well-being and for attention to be given to the development of a biopsychosocial system of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and care. The results will also inform future assessments of the comparative value for money of interventions intended to impact on breast cancer in Vietnam.
An economic evaluation of Influenza and COVID -19 pandemic prevention and control interventions: a systematic review
Authors: Yigezu Amanuel , Yitayal Mezgebu , Mirkuzie Alemnesh , Getu Zekarias , Hailu Alemayehu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 causes more 1.3 million deaths globally in just nine months. Influenza is a virus with respiratory symptoms, fever, and systemic symptoms very similar to COVID 19. Various public health measures have been taken by governments and health authorities to prevent and control the pandemics. This study aimed to review the economic evaluation of public health measures against COVID-19 and influenza pandemics.Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature to identify full economic evaluation studies on Influenza and COVID-19 pandemic published from 1998-2020. We built an exhaustive database search strategy. The search was done in Pubmed, Web of Science, EMBASE databases, and grey literature. We extracted data from selected studies using a structured data collection form after conducting a risk of bias assessment. Narrative summary tables were used to present the result and characteristics of eligible studies. Furthermore, we converted findings of studies that reported their outcome in costs per case averted and death averted into costs per life-year gained. All cost and Cost-effectiveness ratios were converted to 2019 US dollars using the exchange rate and GDP deflator. The study was registered in PROSPERO with registration No. CRD42020192384.Results: The review revealed that most of the studies were conducted in high-income countries, and only few of the studies were on non-pharmaceutical interventions. Stockpiling drugs for the treatment of sick patients was found cost-effective in most of the studies. Treatment with antiviral drugs and vaccination were found very cost-effective. The addition of school closure to other interventions was considered cost-effective only for a pandemic with a high case fatality ratio. Almost all interventions were sensitive to the infectivity and severity of the pandemic. Most of the studies were also cost-effective from the societal perspective indicating a higher net societal benefit from the pandemic prevention and control strategies.Conclusion: In conclusion, most of the interventions were cost-effective under various scenarios while school closure was cost-effective under a 'high case-fatality 'ratio' scenario only. Furthermore, the level of the pandemic's infectivity and severity were the key drivers of the cost-effectiveness of both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions.
Hepatitis C viraemic and seroprevalence and risk factors for positivity in northwest Cambodia: a household cross-sectional serosurvey
Authors: Lynch Emily , Falq Gregoire , Sun Chhorvy , Bunchhoeung PharmD Tek , Huerga Helena , Loarec Anne , Dousset Jean-Phillipe , Marquardt Tonia , Paih Mickael Le , Maman David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a dramatic reduction in HCV drug costs and simplified models of care, many countries lack important information on prevalence and risk factors to structure effective HCV services.METHODS A cross-sectional, multi-stage cluster survey of HCV seroprevalence in adults 18 years and above was conducted, with an oversampling of those 45 years and above. 147 clusters of 25 households were randomly selected in two sets (set 1=24 clusters ≥18; set 2=123 clusters, ≥45). A multi-variable analysis assessed risk factors for sero-positivity among participants ≥45. The study occurred in rural Moung Ruessei Health Operational District, Battambang Province, Western Cambodia. RESULTS A total of 5,098 individuals and 3,616 households participated in the survey. The overall seroprevalence was 2.6% (CI95% 2.3-3.0) for those ≥18 years, 5.1% (CI95% 4.6-5.7) for adults ≥ 45 years, and 0.6% (CI95% 0.3-0.9) for adults 18-44. Viraemic prevalence was 1.9% (CI95% 1.6-2.1), 3.6% (CI95% 3.2-4.0), and 0.5% (CI95% 0.2 - 0.8), respectively. Men had higher prevalence than women: ≥18 years male seroprevalence was 3.0 (CI95% 2.5 - 3.5) versus 2.3 (CI95% 1.9 - 2.7) for women. Knowledge of HCV was poor: 64.7% of all respondents and 57.0% of seropositive participants reported never having heard of HCV.Risk factor characteristics for the population ≥45 years included: advancing age (p<0.001), low education (higher than secondary school OR 0.7 [95% CI 0.6-0.8]), any dental or gum treatment (OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.3-1.9]), historical routine medical care (medical injection after 1990 OR 0.7 [95% CI 0.6-0.9]; surgery after 1990 OR 0.7 [95% CI0.5-0.9]), and historical blood donation or transfusion (blood donation after 1980 OR 0.4 [95% CI 0.2-0.9]); blood transfusion after 1990 OR 0.7 [95% CI 0.4-1.1]).CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first large-scale general adult population prevalence data on HCV infection in Cambodia. The results confirm the link between high prevalence and age ≥45 years, lower socio-economic status and past routine medical interventions (particularly those received before 1990 and 1980). This survey suggests high HCV prevalence in certain populations in Cambodia and can be used to guide national and local HCV policy discussion.
Identification of LINC02310 as an enhancer in lung adenocarcinoma and investigation of its regulatory network via comprehensive analyses
Authors: Zhao Wenyuan , Wang Jun , Luo Qingxi , Peng Wei , Li Bin , Wang Lei , Zhang Chunfang , Duan Chaojun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) is a major subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and has one of the highest mortality rates. An increasing number of long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) were reported to be associated with the occurrence and progression of LADC. Thus, tt is necessary and reasonable to find new prognostic biomarkers for LADC among LncRNAs. Methods: Differential expression analysis, survival analysis, PCR experiments and clinical feature analysis were performed to screen out the LncRNA which was significantly related to LADC. Its role in LADC was verified by CCK-8 assay and colony. Furthermore, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network construction, enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction were performed to investigate the downstream regulatory network of the selected LncRNA. Results: A total of 2431 differentially expressed LncRNAs (DELncRNAs) and 2227 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Survival analysis results indicated that lnc-YARS2-5, lnc-NPR3-2 and LINC02310 were significantly related to overall survival. Their overexpression indicated poor prognostic. PCR experiments and clinical feature analysis suggested that LINC02310 was significantly correlated with TNM-stage and T-stage. CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay demonstrated that LINC02310 acted as an enhancer in LADC. In addition, 3 targeted miRNAs of LINC02310 and 414 downstream DEmRNAs were predicted. The downstream DEmRNAs were then enriched in 405 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 11 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, which revealed their potential functions and mechanisms. The PPI network showed the interactions among the downstream DEmRNAs. Conclusions: This study verified LINC02310 as an enhancer in LADC and performed comprehensive analyses on its downstream regulatory network, which might benefit LADC prognoses and therapies.
Non-inferiority test for a continuous variable with a flexible margin in an active controlled trial : An application to the "Stratall ANRS 12110 / ESTHER" trial
Authors: Sandie Arsene , Molinari Nicholas , Wanjoya Anthony , Kouanfack Charles , Laurent Christian , Tchatchueng-Mbougua Jules Brice 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The non-inferiority trials are becoming increasingly popular in public health and clinical research. The choice of the non-inferiority margin is the cornerstone of the non-inferiority trial. When the eﬀect of active control intervention is unknown, it can be interesting to choose the non-inferiority margin as a function of the active control intervention eﬀect. In this case, the uncertainty surrounding the non-inferiority margin should be accounted for in statistical tests. In this work, we explored how to perform the non-inferiority test with a ﬂexible margin for continuous endpoint.Methods: It was proposed in this study two procedures for the non-inferiority test with a ﬂexible margin for the continuous endpoint. The proposed test procedures are based on test statistic and conﬁdence interval approach. Simulations have been used to assess the performances and properties of the proposed test procedures. An application was done on clinical real data, which the purpose was to assess the eﬃcacy of clinical monitoring alone versus laboratory and clinical monitoring in HIV-infected adult patients.Results: Basically, the two proposed test procedures have good properties. In the test based on a statistic, the actual type 1 error rate estimate is approximatively equal to the nominal value. It has been found that the conﬁdence interval level determines approximately the level of signiﬁcance. The 80%, 90%, and 95%one-sided conﬁdence interval levels led approximately to a type I error of 10%, 5% and 2.5% respectively. The power estimate was almost 100% for two proposed tests, except for the small scale values of the reference treatment where the power was relatively low when the sample sizes were small.Conclusions: Based on type I error rate and power estimates, the proposed non-inferiority hypothesis test procedures have good performance and are applicable in practice.Trial registration: The trial data used in this study was from the ”Stratall ANRS 12110 / ESTHER”, registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00301561. Date : March 13, 2006, url : https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00301561.
Transcatheter closure for patent ductus arteriosus in patients with Eisenmenger syndrome: to do or not?
Authors: Xu Jing , Wang Liang , Shen Yunli , Geng Liang , Chen Fadong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) complicated by Eisenmenger syndrome (ES) remains to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Giving increasing evidences of benefit from targeted therapies, ES patients once thought to be inoperable may have increasing options for management. This study aims to explore whether PDA in patients with ES can be treated with transcatheter closure (TCC). Methods: Between August 2014 and July 2016, four of fifteen PDA-ES patients whose Qp/Qs improved significantly and Qp/Qs>1.5 after acute vasodilator testing with 100% oxygen were selected to receive TCC and pulmonary vasodilator therapy. PAH-targeted drugs were prescribed before and after occlusion for all. Trial occlusion was performed before permanent closure.Results: The first TCC failed after initiation of PAH-targeted drugs for 6 months in four patients. After the medication was adjusted and extended to 12 months, TCC was performed for all without hemodynamic intolerances during perioperative period. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was significantly decreased (≥ 40%) immediately after TCC. During a mean follow-up of 48±14.70 months, there were a further decrease of PASPs in two patients, the other two showed improved pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), WHO functional class and six-minute walking distance despite deteriorated PASP.Conclusion: Some selected PDA-ES patients might benefit from TCC and combined PAH-targeted drugs play a crucial role.