bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Printed GelMA/CHIMA Cross‐Linked Network Hydrogel for Angiogenesis
Authors: Liu Zixian , Li Meng , Cheng Rong , Wang Lijing , Hou Peiyi , Han Lu , Sang Shengbo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTVascularization is a key issue facing the construction of functional three‐dimensional (3D) tissues, which is critical for the long‐term survival and stability of tissue construct transplantation. In this study, a photocurable hydrogel material carboxymethyl chitosan (CHIMA) was successfully prepared and integrated with methacryloyl gelatin (GelMA) to construct the bioink GelMA/CHIMA, which was subsequently used 3D printing technology to prepared a bioactive scaffold with angiogenesis‐inducing functionality. The results showed that the cross‐linked GelMA/CHIMA bioink had a porous structure that supported cell growth and metabolism. The incorporation of CHIMA could significantly improve the hydrophilicity, swelling rate, pressure resistance and mechanical strength of the bioink. GelMA/CHIMA bioink supported the survival and continued proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in the scaffold. In particular, the bioink composed of 8 wt% GelMA and 2 wt% CHIMA could stimulate the expression of angiogenesis genes. 3D printed bioactive scaffolds supported the survival of HUVECs and had abundant protein deposition including CD31 and VEGF. Therefore, this study constructed a bioactive scaffold with angiogenesis induction function, which provides a feasible strategy for the construction of vascularized complex tissues.
Oxidative stress in hydrocephalus: A new potential therapeutic target
Authors: Zhao Jie , Tang Zhi , Jiang Yuchu , Yang Yijian , Liao Junbo , Su Zhangjie , Usman Ahsan Muhammad , Chen Xiaoyu , Xiao Gelei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHydrocephalus is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the skull for several reasons, such as cerebrospinal fluid overproduction, circulatory obstruction, and malabsorption. Excess fluid causes the ventricular system and subarachnoid space to enlarge due to the squeezing of cerebrospinal fluid. Hydrocephalus is clinically manifested by increased intracranial pressure and impaired brain function. It is a neurological disease with a variety of complications that affect the body and require long‐term and continuous treatment; however, current treatment methods are relatively limited, whether medical or surgical. Studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the formation and development of hydrocephalus, but it has not been systematically reviewed in current studies. In this paper, oxidative stress in hydrocephalus formation and its potential role were systematically reviewed, including the mechanism of oxidative stress, related signaling pathways, and pathological changes in oxidative stress formation. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the possibility of oxidative stress as a new therapeutic target of hydrocephalus treatment, expecting that it will be helpful for future research.
The Miraculous Asian Fruit Baccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg. (Rambai): Exploring the Phyto‐Pharmacological Potentials of Fruit Peel Through GC–MS/MS, In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico Approaches
Authors: Riti Saima Jahan , Shompa Suriya Akter , Hasnat Hasin , Islam Md. Mirazul , Alam Safaet , Ghosh Sagar , Saha Tanoy , Zeng Chunlai , Shao Chuxiao , Wang Shuanghu , Geng Peiwu , Mamun Abdullah Al 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBaccaurea motleyana Müll. Arg. (Rambai), an Asian fruit belonging to the Phyllanthaceae family, is cultivated throughout Southeast Asia and has been traditionally utilized in folk medicine to address eye discomfort, digestive issues, insomnia, and fevers. This study of the peel employed four Kupchan fractions (PSF, DSF, ESF, and ASF) obtained from the methanol extract of the peel of B. motleyana for in vitro assessments, including antioxidant cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activities. The crude methanol extract was also used for in vivo evaluations, focusing on antidiarrheal and antidepressant effects, complemented by phytochemical screening and analysis using GC–MS/MS. The investigation of B. motleyana methanol peel extract identified 20 phytochemicals, with primary constituents, including phenol, 3,5‐bis(1,1‐dimethylethyl) (26.14%) and 1‐heptadec‐1‐ynyl‐cyclohexanol (23.12%). The extract exhibited potent antioxidant activity (IC50: 9.43 µg/mL) and cytotoxicity (LC50: 6.01 µg/mL). The most significant antidiarrheal effect was observed at a dosage of 400 mg/kg. Molecular docking studies revealed that compounds, such as C9, C2, and C19, displayed noteworthy binding affinities against glutathione reductase (−6.3 kcal/mol), urease oxidase (−6 kcal/mol), and monoamine oxidase A (−6.5 kcal/mol) receptors. In summary, our study demonstrates that fruits, like Rambai, could serve as a promising source for therapeutics and drug development in Asian countries.
Astaxanthin Prevents Oxidative Damage and Cell Apoptosis Under Oxidative Stress Involving the Restoration of Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Yu Jia‐Xin , Lin Miao , Zhang Wen‐Xuan , Lao Feng‐Xue , Huang Han‐Chang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTOxidative stress (OS) is one of the factors that result in cell damage and the development of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Astaxanthin (ASTA), a natural compound known for its potent antioxidant properties, shows the biological activities in anti‐apoptosis and antitumor. However, its specific mechanism on mitochondrial function remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of ASTA on regulation in mitochondrial function and cell apoptosis under OS induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results demonstrated that ASTA (0.1, 1, 10 μmol/L) protected cells form H2O2‐induced cell damage and apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway. ASTA significantly reduced H2O2‐induced mitochondrial dysfunctions and restored the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, and respiratory capacity. These findings suggest that ASTA's antioxidant properties can benefit neurons by maintaining mitochondrial function and alleviating oxidative damage and cell apoptosis induced by H2O2.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirooxindole‐Pyran and Furan Scaffolds via Copper‐Catalyzed Formal (3+3) and (3+2) Cycloaddition of Isatin‐Derived Propargylic Esters
Authors: Rohilla Shweta , Ahmad Khan Zahid , Singh Vinod K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHerein, we report a copper‐catalyzed enantioselective formal (3+3) and (3+2) cycloaddition reaction of isatin‐derived tertiary propargylic esters with N,N‐dimethylbarbituric acid and 4‐hydroxycoumarins, respectively. In this process, the tertiary propargylic ester serves as both C3‐ and C2‐synthons, facilitating the synthesis of optically active spirooxindole‐pyran and furan scaffolds featuring an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter. The reaction delivers these spirocyclic frameworks in good yields with high enantioselectivities. Additionally, the scalability of both the reactions and the transformation of chiral intermediates into valuable structures emphasize the synthetic and practical importance of this strategy.
Exploring Oesophageal Cancer in Ethiopia: Elevated Incidence in Females and Younger Cases
Authors: Mulisa Girma , Abebe Tamrat , Gutema Bekele , Mahmuda Jannatul , Khan Md. Al Amin , Gheit Tarik , Herceg Zdenko , Talukdar Fazlur Rahman 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOesophageal cancer is a public health concern in Ethiopia. Identifying the incidence and demographic profile of the two histological subtypes: oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are the key steps in recognizing the disease burden and potential aetiopathological associations.AimThe aim of this study is to identify the age and gender‐specific incidence patterns of the most common subtype of oesophageal cancer in a high‐incidence area of Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study from a high‐incidence oesophageal cancer district in Ethiopia identified 630 cases from the pathology registry of nine hospitals. The patient records were carefully reviewed and data on age, gender, tumour location and histological types was systematically compiled. The patient data were retrieved and descriptive statistics were used to generate results.ResultsESCC subtype, accounted for constituting 500 (79.437%) cases. A gender disparity was observed, with 62.80% of cases occurring in females and 37.20% in males. This distribution of higher female ESCC incidences aligns with previous findings indicating a regional consistency and probable aetiological factor. Furthermore, ESCC incidence peaked at 40–50 years in females, highlighting an age‐related incidence trend. EAC was observed in 67 (51.5%) females and 63 (48.5%) males showing similar prevalence. Spatial analysis revealed that the majority of ESCC cases were located in the lower oesophagus, followed by the middle part, with fewer instances in the upper oesophagus.ConclusionThis study from Ethiopia identified ESCC as the predominant subtype, with a marked female predominance and age‐related gender disparities. EAC with a lesser proportion identified with consistent spatial distribution patterns in both genders provide valuable insights into the epidemiological landscape of this disease. These findings emphasize the urgency of targeted research to uncover the underlying factors.
Molecular and Microbial Detections of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli in Dental Caries: An Experimental Study on Iranian Children Aged 5–9
Authors: Danaei Marzieh , Mollaali Milad , Fakharmohialdini Vida , Poureslami Hamidreza , Sajadi Fatemeh Sadat , Gisour Elham Farokh , Jahanimoghadam Fatemeh , Gholampour Aida , Foroudisefat Mehrnaz , Mirshekari Arezoo , Shojaeipour Raziyeh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesLactobacilli and Streptococcus mutans are stigmatized as cariogenic bacteria, but few studies have simultaneously examined the quantitative and qualitative aspects of lactobacilli and S. mutans in childhood dental caries. Therefore, this study aimed to detect the presence of S. mutans and lactobacilli in dental caries using Snyder's test, colony counting, and PCR in the primary teeth of Iranian children with dental caries.Material and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in Kerman, Iran, from March to Jun 2024. After dental examinations, 120 eligible children aged 5–9 were chosen using simple random sampling and classified into four groups based on their decayed, missing, and filled (primary) teeth (dmft) index: Group 1 (dmft = 0), Group 2 (dmft = 4–6), Group 3 (dmft = 7–9), and Group 4 (dmft = 10–13). The salivary levels of lactobacilli and S. mutans were calculated using colony counting (CFU/ml). Moreover, Snyder's test was applied to evaluate caries activity. PCR was also performed for molecular detection of lactobacilli (16S rRNA gene) and S. mutans (gftB gene). Lastly, the association between bacterial counting, molecular findings, and Snyder's test was estimated through statistical methods using SPSS 27.ResultsSignificant differences were found between the age and the PCR results of lactobacilli and S. mutans among all dmft Groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, positive significant correlations were observed between the counts of lactobacilli and S. mutans in dmft Group 1 compared to other dmft Groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the counts of these two bacteria differed significantly in Snyder's test (p < 0.05). However, Snyder's test differed significantly from the S. mutans PCR (p < 0.05), but not from the lactobacilli PCR (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe results of the study could potentially be considered a promising and cost‐effective screening program to identify children who are susceptible to dental caries.
Periodontal Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in Women at Prior High Risk for Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Poulsen Hanna , Meurman Jukka H. , Kautiainen Hannu , Huvinen Emilia , Koivusalo Saila , Eriksson Johan G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the association between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among women at prior high risk for gestational diabetes with the hypothesis that women with MetS show more signs of periodontal disease than women without MetS.Material and MethodsA total of 112 women from an original study cohort of 348 women at high risk of gestational diabetes were examined 4–6 years postpartum. Diagnosis of MetS was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III diagnostic criteria. Insulin resistance was approximated by the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. Full‐mouth examinations and panoramic radiographs provided the total dental index, number of teeth, and decayed, missing, and filled teeth index. Clinical examination assessed bleeding on probing, probing depth, visible plaque index, signs of infection, and clinical attachment levels. The periodontal inflammatory burden index (PIBI) was also calculated. Information on oral health habits, symptoms, and individual opinions on oral health was collected through questionnaires.ResultsFive years after delivery, 21% of the women had MetS, and they had more gingivitis compared to those without MetS (bleeding on probing: 52% and 44%, p = 0.011). Women with MetS tended to have more periodontitis than those without (39% and 25%, p = 0.13). A high PIBI correlated with insulin resistance (partial correlation of PIBI and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance: 0.25 p < 0.05).ConclusionsPeriodontal disease was associated with insulin resistance and MetS in women at prior high risk of developing gestational diabetes.
Surfactant toxicity and synergistic activity with pyrethroids in managing resistant Listronotus maculicollis Kirby populations
Authors: Price Garrett Y. , McGraw Benjamin A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the efficacy of surfactants as a means to manage the annual bluegrass weevil, Listronotus maculicollis, particularly in populations demonstrating resistance to pyrethroids. Laboratory assays evaluated L. maculicollis adult mortality when exposed to 13 unique turfgrass surfactant classes alone and in combination with a low rate of bifenthrin. Results from dose–response assays suggest that the alkylpolyglucoside (Alypso), organosilicone (Silwet), anionic blend (Pervade), and the anionic + nonionic blend (Duplex) surfactants were acutely toxic to adults. When combined with low rates of pyrethroid, additive effects were seen with each of these classes plus the block copolymer + alkylpolyglucoside (Dispatch), which was non‐toxic in the absence of pyrethroids. The top four surfactant classes were further examined for their ability to depress cytochrome P450 enzyme activity, an enzyme family suspected to confer resistance within L. maculicollis. Only the block copolymer + alkylpolyglucoside blend showed a notable decrease in P450 activity, suggesting a potential mechanism for overcoming insecticide resistance in populations where enhanced enzymatic activity is responsible for pyrethroid resistance. However, the enzyme activity in the tested population of moderately resistant weevils did not show a significant increase, indicating that resistance to pyrethroids in L. maculicollis involves mechanisms other than enhanced enzymatic detoxification. Further research is needed to elucidate additional mechanisms of resistance as well as confirm the benefits of incorporating surfactants into L. maculicollis management strategies in the field.
Plantation management to restore early and late‐successional bird habitat under various climatic and seasonal conditions
Authors: Kawamura Kazuhiro , Yamaura Yuichi , Nakamura Futoshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlthough agriculture and plantation forestry have decreased natural open habitats and old‐growth forests, conservation in managed lands is considered essential for achieving “nature‐positive” goals that reverse biodiversity trends from negative to positive. From subboreal to temperate regions, mature conifer plantations with broadleaved trees (BLTs) offer suitable habitats for species preferring mature natural BLT forests, whereas young plantations harbor species depending on early successional (ES) habitats. However, the functional forms of stand age and BLT, and their context dependency, remain unknown. We quantified the effects of stand age (3–98 years), BLT proportion (0%–97.5%), and their interaction on ES and BLT bird species in plantations, as well as the dependency of these effects on regional/seasonal climates. For both groups, we also explored whether plantations could be comparable habitats to BLT‐dominated natural forests (stand age: 6–134 years) across Hokkaido (78,420 km2), northern Japan. ES bird species' richness and abundance decreased exponentially with stand age in plantations. This pattern was not evident in natural forests although only two ES stands were surveyed due to the rarity of natural forest harvesting. ES plantations in cooler regions showed higher habitat values, reflecting a climate‐dependent species composition. No ES species occurred in winter. Both stand age and BLT proportion increased BLT bird species richness and abundance in a concave manner, except for age in stands with few BLTs. The positive effects of BLT were more evident in younger stands with fewer BLTs. Mature plantations with 25% BLTs supported 62% of breeding BLT bird abundance in old natural forests. In winter, lower regional temperatures weakened the positive effects of stand age and strengthened the positive effects of BLT proportion, reflecting temperature‐dependent habitat selection across species. Our results suggest that regular plantation harvesting can play a critical role in restoring ES bird species across Hokkaido. To conserve BLT bird species, retaining even small amounts of BLTs within plantations may be more cost‐effective than long‐rotation plantation forestry or only protecting existing natural old‐growth forests. Our study shows that on‐site conservation within plantations across regions and seasons, when coupled with nature reserve management, can contribute to restoring biodiversity.
Earth's Climate History Explains Life's Temperature Optima
Authors: Schipper Louis A. , Reeve Jennifer L. , Arcus Vickery L. , Isson Terry , Prentice Erica J. , Williamson Adele , Barnes Andrew D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTWhy does the growth of most life forms exhibit a narrow range of optimal temperatures below 40°C? We hypothesize that the recently identified stable range of oceanic temperatures of ~5 to 37°C for more than two billion years of Earth history tightly constrained the evolution of prokaryotic thermal performance curves to optimal temperatures for growth to less than 40°C. We tested whether competitive mechanisms reproduced the observed upper limits of life's temperature optima using simple Lotka–Volterra models of interspecific competition between organisms with different temperature optima. Model results supported our proposition whereby organisms with temperature optima up to 37°C were most competitive. Model results were highly robust to a wide range of reasonable variations in temperature response curves of modeled species. We further propose that inheritance of prokaryotic genes and subsequent co‐evolution with microbial partners may have resulted in eukaryotes also fixing their temperature optima within this narrow temperature range. We hope this hypothesis will motivate considerable discussion and future work to advance our understanding of the remarkable consistency of the temperature dependence of life.
Gene therapy: New and future treatments for uveitis
Authors: Yang Hui , Tian Meng , Hou Shengping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUveitis, characterized by intraocular inflammation, has significant management challenges due to its diverse etiologies and complicated pathophysiology. The current first‐line treatments primarily aim to calm inflammation with the underlying causes unaffected, often associated with systemic side effects, limited long‐term efficacy, and disease recurrence. Gene therapies, as powerful therapeutic approaches, have been applied to treat various genetic and non‐genetic diseases. However, the development of gene therapy for uveitis has been investigated less. This review discusses the possible targets and therapeutic approaches for uveitis gene therapy by analyzing some research examples in exogenous gene expression, RNAi, antisense therapy, and the CRISPR gene editing system. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of listed gene therapies for uveitis and propose future research directions and potential strategies to overcome current challenges.
En Route Investigation of Reaction Conditions’ Influence on Cross‐Metathesis Yields Employing Grubbs 2nd Generation–p‐Cresol Catalyst Derivative – Part 1
Authors: Odewole O. A. , Swart M. R. , Erasmus E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA study investigated the ideal p‐cresol to Grubbs second‐generation catalyst (GII) ratio for maximizing selectivity in cross‐metathesis reactions. Adding p‐cresol to GII enhances selectivity for cross‐metathesis over self‐metathesis, with 100 equivalents of p‐cresol ensuring optimal catalyst performance. The study focused on the cross‐metathesis of 2‐ethyl hexyl acrylate and trans‐anethole, varying trans‐anethole mole fractions from approximately 0.09 to 0.91. Using 1H NMR spectroscopy, the reaction progress was monitored at 25 °C and 35 °C in CD2Cl2 solvent over 722 minutes, maintaining a constant p‐cresol/GII ratio (100 : 1, X1=0.33). The reaction setup followed previous protocols with slight adjustments for time‐trace analysis. Results revealed an induction period at both temperatures, significantly shorter at 35 °C (4 minutes vs. 40 minutes at 25 °C). The elevated temperature notably increased the selectivity of the p‐cresol/GII catalyst. Reaction kinetics showed the cross‐metathesis rate with the modified catalyst was approximately 1.5 times faster than self‐metathesis, with k’obs values of 0.0575 min−1 (25 °C) and 0.68 min−1 (35 °C) for cross‐metathesis compared to 0.033 min−1 and 0.41 min−1 for self‐metathesis, respectively.
Enhancing Near‐Infrared Absorption in Osmium(II) Complexes Under the Cumulative Influence of Terpyridine Ligand and Anions: Combined Experimental and DFT/TD‐DFT Investigation
Authors: Bhattacharya Sohini , Pal Poulami , Gorain Sucheta , Baitalik Sujoy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work presents synthesis, characterization, and thorough examination on the photophysical and electrochemical behaviours of a new class of homo‐ and heteroleptic Os(II)‐terpyridine complexes. The compounds exhibit intense singlet metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (1MLCT) bands in the visible region (490–500 nm) and weak and broad spin‐forbidden bands in the spectral window of 670–680 nm due to singlet ground state (1GS) to 3MLCT state transition, facilitated by spin‐orbit coupling. The complexes exhibit strong luminescence within 730–750 nm at room temperature having lifetimes in the domain of 101–158 ns, depending upon solvents. Taking advantage of active methylene protons, anion‐induced modulation of spectral and electrochemical characteristics of the complexes has been convincingly demonstrated via different optical channels and spectroscopic tools as well as by cyclic voltammetry. The augmentation in absorption spectral characteristics is quite remarkable in presence of F− and intense absorption bands spanning across the entire visible region and stretching up to NIR domain is achieved. The mode of complex‐anion interplay was elucidated via 1H, 31P{1H} and 19F NMR spectroscopy as well as by computational investigations using DFT and TD‐DFT methods. The complexes also act as molecular sensors and switches that can function in visible and NIR domains upon alternate addition of anion and acid.