bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geographic Lead-Lag Effects
Authors: Parsons Christopher A , Sabbatucci Riccardo , Titman Sheridan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We document lead-lag effects on returns between coheadquartered firms in different sectors. Geographic lead-lags yield risk-adjusted returns of 5%–6% annually, half that observed for industry lead-lag effects. Whereas industry lead-lag effects are strongest among small, thinly traded stocks with low analyst coverage, geographic lead-lags are unrelated to these proxies for investor scrutiny. We propose an explanation linked to the structure of the investment analyst business, which is organized by sector, not by geographic region. Our findings suggest that in lead-lag relationships, analysts common to both leading and lagging firms are important, regardless of the number of analysts covering each individually.
Efficacy of rituximab in slowing down progression of rheumatoid arthritis–related interstitial lung disease: data from the NEREA Registry
Authors: Vadillo Cristina , Nieto Maria Asuncion , Romero-Bueno Fredeswinda , Leon Leticia , Sanchez-Pernaute Olga , Rodriguez-Nieto Maria Jesus , Freites Dalifer , Jover Juan Angel , Álvarez-Sala Jose Luis , Abasolo Lydia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo asses the clinical course in RA-related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) patients with and without rituximab (RTX). The influence of other variables was also evaluated.MethodsA longitudinal multicentre study was conducted in RA diagnosed with ILD from 2007 until 2018 in Madrid. Patients were included in a registry [pNEumology RhEumatology Autoinmune diseases (NEREA)] from the time of ILD diagnosis. The main endpoint was functional respiratory impairment (FI), when there was a decline ≥5% in the predicted forced vital capacity compared with the previous one. Pulmonary function was measured at baseline and in follow-up visits every 6–12 months. The independent variable was therapy with RTX. Covariables included sociodemographic, clinical, radiological and other therapies. Survival techniques were used to estimate the incidence rate (IR) and 95% CI of functional impairment, expressed per 100 patient-semesters. Cox multivariate regression models were run to examine the influence of RTX and other covariates on FI. Results were expressed as the hazard ratio (HR) and CI.ResultsA total of 68 patients were included. FI occurred in 42 patients [IR 23.5 (95% CI 19, 29.1)] and 50% of them had FI within 1.75 years of an ILD diagnosis. A multivariate analysis showed that RTX exposure resulted in a lower risk of FI compared with non-exposure [HR 0.51 (95% CI 0.31, 0.85)]. Interstitial pneumonia, glucocorticoids, disease activity and duration also influenced FI.ConclusionRA-ILD patients deteriorate over time, with the median time free of impairment being &lt;2 years. Patients exposed to RTX had a higher probability of remaining free of FI compared with other therapies. Other factors have also been identified.
Effect of a High-Fat Diet and Occupational Exposure in Different Rat Strains on Lung and Systemic Responses: Examination of the Exposome in an Animal Model
Authors: Antonini James M , Kodali Vamsi , Shoeb Mohammad , Kashon Michael , Roach Katherine A , Boyce Gregory , Meighan Terence , Stone Samuel , McKinney Walter , Boots Theresa , Roberts Jenny R , Zeidler-Erdely Patti C , Erdely Aaron 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The exposome is the measure of all exposures of an individual in a lifetime and how those exposures relate to health. The goal was to examine an experimental model integrating multiple aspects of the exposome by collecting biological samples during critical life stages of an exposed animal that are applicable to worker populations. Genetic contributions were assessed using strains of male rats with different genetic backgrounds (Fischer-344, Sprague Dawley, and Brown-Norway) maintained on a regular or high-fat diet for 24 weeks. At week 7 during diet maintenance, groups of rats from each strain were exposed to stainless steel welding fume (WF; 20 mg/m3 × 3 h/d × 4 days/week × 5 weeks) or air until week 12, at which time some animals were euthanized. A separate set of rats from each strain were allowed to recover from WF exposure until the end of the 24-week period. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were collected at 7, 12, and 24 weeks to assess general health indices. Depending on animal strain, WF exposure and high-fat diet together worsened kidney toxicity as well as altered different serum enzymes and proteins. Diet had minimal interaction with WF exposure for pulmonary toxicity endpoints. Experimental factors of diet, exposure, and strain were all important, depending on the health outcome measured. Exposure had the most significant influence related to pulmonary responses. Strain was the most significant contributor regarding the other health indices examined, indicating that genetic differences possibly drive the exposome effect in each strain.
Prevalence of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis in the General Elderly Population
Authors: Uehara Masashi , Takahashi Jun , Ikegami Shota , Tokida Ryosuke , Nishimura Hikaru , Sakai Noriko , Kato Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2019

Study Design:
This is a Japanese resident cohort study based on a municipal registry.

Objectives:
In this study of an aged Japanese population, we used random sampling from the basic resident registry of a rural town for subject selection to investigate the prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and effect of subject-related factors.

Summary of Background:
DISH is a condition characterized by the calcification and ossification of soft tissues. Interest is mounting on DISH as the elderly rate increases, but its pathogenetic mechanism remains unknown.

Data:
A total of 413 aged people randomly sampled from the resident registry of Obuse town.

Materials and Methods:
We established 8 groups on the basis of age (50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s) and sex after random sampling from the resident registry of Obuse town. A total of 411 participants (202 male and 209 female) were enrolled and underwent a single whole-spine lateral radiographic examination. We assessed for the existence of DISH and analyzed the effects of clinical factors using multivariate analysis.

Results:
A total of 72 (17.5%) participants were identified to have DISH in our population cohort. The prevalence of DISH tended to increase with age, being 3.1% in subjects in their 50s, 14.0% in their 60s, 24.3% in their 70s, and 29.0% in their 80s. According to multivariate analysis, hypertension (HT), male, bone mineral density (BMD), and aging were independent factors associated with DISH. The odds ratios of HT, male, and BMD were 1.93, 2.88, and 19.1, respectively.

Conclusions:
This is the first study examining DISH in detail according to age and sex groups on a general population basis. Multivariate analysis revealed HT, male, BMD, and aging to be independent factors associated with DISH in the healthy community-dwelling elderly.
High- Versus Low-Density Fractional Laser in the Treatment of Hypertrophic Postburn Scars: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Tawfic Shereen , Sayed Safinaz , Nada Ahmed , Manaa Doha , Shalaby Suzan 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND
Fractional CO2 laser has been shown effective in improving pigmentation, pruritus, and tightness of hypertrophic burn scars. However, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment parameters.

OBJECTIVE
To compare effectiveness of different densities of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of mature hypertrophic burn scars.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study included 25 patients, each with 3 or more mature hypertrophic burn scars. Scars were randomly assigned to treatment with low-, medium-, and high-density fractional CO2 laser. Each scar received 3 sessions of laser at 1-month interval. The degree of improvement was assessed clinically using Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) scores, and histologically through evaluation of collagen (Masson's Trichrome stain) before and 1 month after end of therapy.

RESULTS
High-density parameters showed significant higher improvement in VSS and POSAS assessment scores (p-value < .001). Pliability and relief are the most improved parameters. Histopathological evaluation revealed a significant drop in the mean area percent of collagen in the 3 used parameters, with highest improvement with high-density laser treatment (p-value < .001).

CONCLUSION
High-density fractional CO2 laser treatment provides more improvement in burn scars both clinically and histopathologically.
Tocolysis and the risk of nonreassuring fetal status among pregnant women in labor
Authors: Wang I-Te , Tsai Meng-Ting , Erickson Steven R. , Wu Chung-Hsuen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between tocolysis for preterm uterine contraction and the risk of nonreassuring fetal status.This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Pregnant women were enrolled if they delivered a baby during January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2011. The occurrence of the nonreassuring fetal status was compared between pregnant women with and without tocolytic treatment for preterm uterine contraction. Multivariable logistic regression models with adjusted cofounders were used to evaluate the association between tocolysis and the risk of nonreassuring fetal status.Of 24,133 pregnant women, 1115 (4.6%) received tocolytic treatment during pregnancy. After adjusting for covariates, pregnant women receiving tocolysis more than one time during pregnancy were found to have significantly higher risk of the nonreassuring fetal status when compared with pregnant women who did not receive tocolysis for uterine contraction (Odds Ratio = 2.70, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.13–6.49).Pregnant women with more frequent tocolysis for preterm uterine contraction during pregnancy had an increased risk of nonreassuring fetal status. Close evaluation of dose and duration of tocolytic treatment is necessary for pregnant women with preterm uterine contraction.
Factors predicting clinical pregnancy rate of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (a STROBE-compliant article)
Authors: Zhang Yi-Le , Wang Fu-Zhen , Huang Kai , Hu Lin-Li , Bu Zhi-Qin , Sun Jing , Su Ying-Chun , Guo Yi-Hong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the factors predicting clinical pregnancy rate of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET).
The data of 9960 patients receiving IVF-ET fresh cycle at our Reproductive Center from January 2009 to December 2017 were first divided into pregnant group and non-pregnant group to find the clinical pregnancy rate-related factors. According to the serum HCG levels at 36 hours and 12 hours after HCG trigger, all patients were divided into 4 groups including <50 mIU/ml, ≥50 and <100 mIU/ml, ≥100 and <200 mIU/ml, and ≥200 mIU/ml groups to know whether the HCG levels at 36 hours and 12 hours affect the pregnancy rate. According to the serum HCG ratio at 36 hours to 12 hours (36 h/12 h) after HCG trigger, all patients were divided into three groups including <0.88, 0.88–1.06 and >1.06 groups to observe whether the serum HCG ratio (36 h/12 h) affects the clinical pregnancy rate. According to different assisted pregnancy modes, all patients were divided into 3 groups including IVF, ICSI, and IVF/ICSI groups to observe whether the assisted pregnancy mode affects the clinical pregnancy rate. The correlation of the clinical pregnancy rate with pregnancy rate-related factors obtained above was analyzed using logistic regression analysis model.
The clinical pregnancy rate significantly increased (P < .01) in the HCG ratio (36 h/12 h) >1.06 group as compared with the HCG ratio (36 h/12 h) < 0.88 and 0.88–1.06 groups. The serum estrogen (E2) level at 36 hours was significantly lower and the number of retrieved oocytes was significantly higher in the HCG ratio (36 h/12 h) >1.06 group than in the HCG ratio (36 h/12 h) <0.88 and 0.88–1.06 groups (P = .000).
The serum HCG ratio (36 h/12 h) may be used as a predictor of IVF-ET clinical pregnancy rate. High clinical pregnancy rate is probably associated with E2 down-regulation in the HCG ratio (36 h/12 h) >1.06 group.
Acute arterial thrombosis during adjuvant Adriamycin-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in a patient with early breast cancer
Authors: Jang Lee Chan , Choi Young Jin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Cancer and chemotherapy individually confer hypercoagulability and increased risks of thrombosis. Most thromboembolic complication after breast cancer chemotherapy was venous thrombosis after multiagent chemotherapy. Arterial thrombosis is extremely rare in early breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy.

Presenting concerns:
A 55-year-old woman with right breast cancer presented to the emergency department with sudden pain, numbness, and swelling in her left hand. She underwent breast conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy 2 months before the visit. She received the second cycle of adjuvant Adriamycin-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy 5 days before.

Interventions:
Computed tomography angiography revealed acute arterial thrombosis in the left brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries. Unfractionated heparin was initiated immediately, followed by brachial and radial-ulnar thrombectomy, restoring perfusion to the extremity. The postoperative course was uncomplicated; she was discharged on warfarin at a daily dose of 4 mg.

Outcomes:
Chemotherapy was discontinued. Anticoagulation with warfarin was continued. She subsequently received adjuvant endocrine therapy with an aromatase inhibitor and adjuvant radiotherapy.

Main lessons:
Despite the low risks of arterial thrombosis in breast cancer, it is a devastating complication with significant morbidity and mortality. Thromboprophylaxis should be considered in those at risk. Immediate anticoagulant therapy and surgical intervention should be considered in affected cases.
Compound kushen injection for multiple myeloma
Authors: Yang Xinwei , Zhao Xiyun , Wang Xiaoxia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Compound kushen injection is increasingly used to treat various cancers. However, its role in the management of multiple myeloma (MM) is still controversial and requires further clarification. The aim of this study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of compound kushen injection for MM through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
We are going to search the 6 electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wangfang and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. General characteristics and Specific trial characteristics will be collected from the included studies. The outcomes included overall response rate, complete response rate, 3-year progression—free survival rate, 3-year overall survival rate, and different types of treatment-related adverse events. We calculated the risk ratios as well as their 95% confidence intervals of these outcomes and pooled the results through RevMan 5.2 software.

Discussion:
The results of the study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study is not a clinical study, ethical approval is not required.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus coinfection in brain after dental extraction
Authors: Liao Yixin , Wu Fan , Dai Fahui , Huang Qin , Feng Yanling , Ling Yun , Lu Hongzhou 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
More than 1200 different types of microbes were found in the human mouth, only some of these microorganisms were associated with intracranial bacterial infection. However, there are limited data available about the Pseudoramibacter alactolyticus (P alactolyticus) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) intracranial infections oral origin.

Patient concerns:
Here, we reported a rarely case with P alactolyticus and MTB coinfection in central nervous after dental extraction. The 44-year-old man presented with progressive headache over the last 2 weeks and a sustained fever >39°C, with a dental extraction performed 2 days before the onset of headache.

Diagnosis:

P alactolyticus and MTB were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting the16S ribosomal RNA gene. The presence of MTB was also demonstrated by positive acid-fast staining of the purulent discharge.

Interventions:
The patient was treated by metronidazole and anti-TB treatment

Outcomes:
The patient fully recovered without sequela.

Conclusion:
In conclusion there should be awareness of the possibility of P alactolyticus or MTB intracranial infections following tooth extraction.
Odds ratio of programmed cell death-1 or ligand 1 inhibitor-related endocrine dysfunction in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Xie Jian , Zhang Zewen , Zhang Shuisheng , Lv Yajuan , Mao Yantao , Liu Rujun , Tian Yuan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
We designed the study to investigate the incidence risk of Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1) or Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor-related endocrine dysfunction in patients with lung cancer.

Method:
All the data were collected by 1 primary reviewer and then independently reviewed by 2 secondary reviewers according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISM) guidelines. Incidence risk of all-grade and grade 3–5 PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors related endocrine dysfunction in patients with lung cancer were taken into account.

Results:
Overall, 12 clinical trials comprising 6108 patients were identified in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The incidence risk of hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and adrenal insufficiency was higher in NSCLC patients receiving combination treatments. The incidence rate of all-grade of hypothyroidism was lower in PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor subgroup compared to chemotherapy (OR = 22.62, 95%CI:9.79–52.25), while the similar result was seen in another treatment regimen (PD-1 + platinum-based chemotherapy vs platinum-based chemotherapy) (OR = 2.93, 95%CI: [2.08, 4.11). The different result can be seen in the group related to the other treatment regimen (1PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor vs 2 PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors) (OR = 0.40, 95%CI:0.21–0.76). All the results of the above analysis were considered to be statistical significant. Similar result could also be seen in meta-analysis related to hyperthyroidism and adrenal insufficiency.

Conclusion:
The incidence risk of endocrine dysfunctions, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and adrenal insufficiency, were higher for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors group.
Tuina for children with myopia
Authors: Rong Jiao , Feng Huichao , Li Jing , Wang Mengmeng , Lu Tianjiao , Zhang Xinghe , Zhuang Qian , Jing Fujie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Tuina for children with myopia.

Methods:
The following electronic databases will be searched from establishment to July 2019: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan-fang database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Databases (CBM), and other databases. All published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about this topic will be included. Two independent researchers will operate article retrieval, duplication removing, screening, quality evaluation, and data analyses by Review Manager (V.5.3.5). Meta-analyses, subgroup analysis, and/or descriptive analysis will be performed based on the included data conditions.

Results:
High-quality synthesis and/or descriptive analysis of current evidence will be provided from improvement of distant vision, improvement of myopic diopter, and side effects.

Conclusion:
This study will provide the evidence of whether Tuina is an effective and safe intervention for children with myopia.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019142283.
The relationship between exposure to particulate matter and breast cancer incidence and mortality
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Yan Wenting , Chen Qing , Zhou Niya , Xu Yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Particulate matter (PM) acts as an environment pollutant and thus plays a vital role in the development of human lung cancer. Whether PM is a risk factor for breast cancer (BC) morbidity and mortality, however, is not clear. Recently, several studies have reported inconsistent results for the association between PM and BC risk. This meta-analysis examines the indefinite relationship between exposure to PM and BC morbidity and mortality.

Methods:
Based on a search of Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were extracted and analyzed by Review Manager 5.3 and Stata14.0 to estimate the association between PM and BC morbidity and mortality. The heterogeneity for the included studies was evaluated using a Chi-square test and the I
2 statistic. Forest plot was used to illustrate the pooled HR and mean difference. A Funnel plot, Begg test, and Egger test were performed to explore the publication bias between the included studies.
All analyses were based on previous published studies, thus, no ethical approval and patient consent are required.

Results:
A total of 14 of 284 publications with 1,004,128 BC cases were gathered. The analysis showed each 10 μg/m3 of PM2.5 (diameter ≤2.5 μm) was associated with 1.17 (95% CI: 1.05–1.30, P = .004) fold risk BC mortality, and each 10 μg/m3 of PM10 (diameter ≤10 μm) was associated with 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02–1.21, P = .021) fold risk BC mortality. However, neither PM10 nor PM2.5 was found to be significantly associated with BC morbidity. Publication bias was detected in studies on PM2.5 and BC mortality.

Conclusions:
Our study suggests that PM exposure may raise the mortality but not the morbidity of BC. Still, further studies may be necessary to confirm this finding.
Selection of patients with ovarian cancer who may show survival benefit from hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Kim Se Ik , Cho Jaehyun , Lee Eun Ji , Park Sunwoo , Park Soo Jin , Seol Aeran , Lee Nara , Yim Ga Won , Lee Maria , Lim Whasun , Song Gwonhwa , Chang Suk Joon , Kim Jae Won , Kim Hee Seung 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
The use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after cytoreductive surgery has been extensively studied in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from various malignancies. However, the effectiveness of HIPEC for ovarian cancer is still controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to identify patients with ovarian cancer who can obtain survival benefit from HIPEC.

Methods:
Articles regarding HIPEC in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched till December 2018. In total, 13 case-control studies and two randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. We investigated the effect of HIPEC on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), and performed subgroup analyses based on the study design, adjustment of confounding variables, and quality of the study.

Results:
HIPEC improved both DFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.603; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.513–0.709) and OS (HR, 0.640; 95% CI, 0.519–0.789). In cases of primary disease, HIPEC improved DFS (HR, 0.580; 95% CI, 0.476–0.706) and OS (HR, 0.611; 95% CI, 0.376–0.992). Subgroup analyses revealed that HIPEC did not improve OS but improved DFS of patients with residual tumors ≤1 cm or no visible tumors. In cases of recurrent disease, HIPEC was associated with better OS (HR, 0.566; 95% CI, 0.379–0.844) but not with DFS. Subgroup analyses also revealed similar tendencies. However, HIPEC improved DFS of patients with residual tumors ≤1 cm or no visible tumors, while it improved OS of only those with residual tumors ≤1 cm.

Conclusions:
HIPEC may improve DFS of patients with ovarian cancer when residual tumors were ≤1 cm or not visible. It may also improve OS of only patients with recurrent disease whose residual tumors were ≤1 cm.