bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic hydrogenation of n-butene with nanosized Pt/NBCNT hybrid membranes reinforced with bacterial cellulose
Authors: Mrabate Bilal El , Prekob Ádám , Vanyorek László , Csiszár Emília , Kristály Ferenc , Leskó Máté , Németh Zoltán 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
One of the main challenges in the field of heterogeneous catalysis is the involvement of thin solid films and membranes and their application in flow systems. In this regard, we report here the application of self-supported bacterial cellulose (BC) reinforced nanosized platinum (Pt)/N-doped bamboo-like carbon nanotube (NBCNT) hybrid catalyst membrane with a thickness of 35 ± 5 µm in the hydrogenation of n-butene. To synthetized the BC-NBCNT/Pt nanohybrid membrane catalyst a simple impregnation route was applied in a two-step process. As-prepared material was tested in a continuous flow system and the conversion was followed directly by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the fabricated films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and specific surface area measurement (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller). Hydrogenation performance was studied on both single and double films. Results revealed that 97% conversion of n-butene can be achieved using these bacterial cellulose reinforced hybrid membranes.

Graphic abstract
An approximation algorithm for a general class of parametric optimization problems
Authors: Bazgan Cristina , Herzel Arne , Ruzika Stefan , Thielen Clemens , Vanderpooten Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn a (linear) parametric optimization problem, the objective value of each feasible solution is an affine function of a real-valued parameter and one is interested in computing a solution for each possible value of the parameter. For many important parametric optimization problems including the parametric versions of the shortest path problem, the assignment problem, and the minimum cost flow problem, however, the piecewise linear function mapping the parameter to the optimal objective value of the corresponding non-parametric instance (the optimal value function) can have super-polynomially many breakpoints (points of slope change). This implies that any optimal algorithm for such a problem must output a super-polynomial number of solutions. We provide a method for lifting approximation algorithms for non-parametric optimization problems to their parametric counterparts that is applicable to a general class of parametric optimization problems. The approximation guarantee achieved by this method for a parametric problem is arbitrarily close to the approximation guarantee of the algorithm for the corresponding non-parametric problem. It outputs polynomially many solutions and has polynomial running time if the non-parametric algorithm has polynomial running time. In the case that the non-parametric problem can be solved exactly in polynomial time or that an FPTAS is available, the method yields an FPTAS. In particular, under mild assumptions, we obtain the first parametric FPTAS for each of the specific problems mentioned above and a $$(3/2 + \varepsilon )$$

(
3
/
2
+
ε
)

-approximation algorithm for the parametric metric traveling salesman problem. Moreover, we describe a post-processing procedure that, if the non-parametric problem can be solved exactly in polynomial time, further decreases the number of returned solutions such that the method outputs at most twice as many solutions as needed at minimum for achieving the desired approximation guarantee.
Transmission of Problem Gambling Between Adjacent Generations
Authors: Forrest David , McHale Ian G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe investigate the extent to which gambling problems at age 20 are linked to parental gambling behaviour during childhood, employing data from a longitudinal study (ALSPAC) which has followed parents and children from Avon, England since pregnancy. 1058 children completed a problem gambling screen at age 20. When those children had been age 6, each of their parents was asked about their own gambling. We used regression to estimate the effect of parental gambling behaviour at child age 6 on the child’s problem gambling risk at age 20. Parental gambling participation at child age 6 was not a predictor of offspring problem gambling; but problem gambling by parents was a predictor of offspring problem gambling. However, this latter result was found only cross-gender (fathers’ behaviour influencing daughters and mothers’ behaviour influencing sons). This pattern was robust to models including measures of parental education and variables capturing family attitudes to health choices and the degree of domestic harmony. The sample illustrates high problem gambling prevalence amongst young adults. Although there is transmission of ‘problem gambling’ between generations, it appears to happen only cross-gender. This limits the importance of parental problem gambling as a source of the high prevalence because relatively few mothers exhibit problem gambling and risks to daughters from fathers are in the context of initially low baseline risks. Preventative policies might therefore be more appropriately targeted at young adults rather than rely on influencing parental gambling behaviour earlier in the child’s life.
Salivary Cortisol and α-Amylase Production at Awakening is Associated with Positivity (POS) Levels in Healthy Young Subjects
Authors: Pasquali Vittorio , Ghiciuc Cristina Mihaela , Castellani Valeria , Caprara Gian Vittorio , Alessandri Guido , D’Amelio Raffaele , Ziparo Vincenzo , Scarinci Fabio , Patacchioli Francesca Romana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA large variety of positive outcomes including social adjustment, psychological well-being and health, have been recently closely associated with positivity (POS). On the assumption that differences in the POS degree might be associated with different individual neuroendocrine assets that enables people to cope effectively with stress, the present study examined the association between POS, salivary cortisol and α-Amylase (α-Amy) production in a group of healthy male volunteers university students, respectively scoring high (POS-H, N = 10) and low (POS-L, N = 10) in POS. Participants were selected from a larger sample of 300 students of the Medical School at Sapienza University of Rome on the basis of their positivity level: POS was analysed and the upper and lower 25% were invited to participate in this new study. The findings report a distinct salivary cortisol and α-Amy production in the study population: in comparison to the POS-H group, the POS-L subjects presented a lower salivary cortisol awake response (CAR) and a flattened α-Amy production at 30 and 60 min after awakening. In addition, salivary cortisol and α-Amy areas under the curve (AUCs), which were calculated as indicators of the two subclinical biomarkers production during the first hour after awakening, resulted significantly lower in the POS-L group in comparison to the POS-H group. Further studies on larger and different populations are needed to definitively confirm that the different cortisol and α-Amy secretion patterns between POS-H and POS-L individuals is associated with a potentially better capacity to preserving an adequate quality of life in individuals being equipped with a system apparently able to better respond to external and/or internal stimuli. Lastly, a better understanding of the biological correlates of POS is crucial to design psychological interventions able to take advantage of individuals’ assets and thus to integrate and strengthen the efficacy of traditional medications.
Modeling and estimating the subjects’ diversity of opinions in video quality assessment: a neural network based approach
Authors: Fotio Tiotsop Lohic , Mizdos Tomas , Uhrina Miroslav , Barkowsky Marcus , Pocta Peter , Masala Enrico 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSubjective experiments are considered the most reliable way to assess the perceived visual quality. However, observers’ opinions are characterized by large diversity: in fact, even the same observer is often not able to exactly repeat his first opinion when rating again a given stimulus. This makes the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) alone, in many cases, not sufficient to get accurate information about the perceived visual quality. To this aim, it is important to have a measure characterizing to what extent the observed or predicted MOS value is reliable and stable. For instance, the Standard deviation of the Opinions of the Subjects (SOS) could be considered as a measure of reliability when evaluating the quality subjectively. However, we are not aware of the existence of models or algorithms that allow to objectively predict how much diversity would be observed in subjects’ opinions in terms of SOS. In this work we observe, on the basis of a statistical analysis made on several subjective experiments, that the disagreement between the quality as measured by means of different objective video quality metrics (VQMs) can provide information on the diversity of the observers’ ratings on a given processed video sequence (PVS). In light of this observation we: i) propose and validate a model for the SOS observed in a subjective experiment; ii) design and train Neural Networks (NNs) that predict the average diversity that would be observed among the subjects’ ratings for a PVS starting from a set of VQMs values computed on such a PVS; iii) give insights into how the same NN based approach can be used to identify potential anomalies in the data collected in subjective experiments.
Peri-operative Outcomes and Survival Following Palliative Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Cowling Joseph , Gorman Bethany , Riaz Afrah , Bundred James R. , Kamarajah Sivesh K. , Evans Richard P. T. , Singh Pritam , Griffiths Ewen A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany patients with gastric cancer present with late stage disease. Palliative gastrectomy remains a contentious intervention aiming to debulk tumour and prevent or treat complications such as gastric outlet obstruction, perforation and bleeding.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of the literature for all papers describing palliative resections for gastric cancer and reporting peri-operative or survival outcomes. Data from peri-operative and survival outcomes were meta-analysed using random effects modelling. Survival data from patients undergoing palliative resections, non-resective surgery and palliative chemotherapy were also combined. This study was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42019159136).ResultsOne hundred and twenty-eight papers which included 58,675 patients contributed data. At 1 year, there was a significantly improved survival in patients who underwent palliative gastrectomy when compared to non-resectional surgery and no treatment. At 2 years following treatment, palliative gastrectomy was associated with significantly improved survival compared to chemotherapy only; however, there was no significant improvement in survival compared to patients who underwent non-resectional surgery after 1 year. Palliative resections were associated with higher rates of overall complications versus non-resectional surgery (OR 2.14; 95% CI, 1.34, 3.46;p< 0.001). However, palliative resections were associated with similar peri-operative mortality rates to non-resectional surgery.ConclusionPalliative gastrectomy is associated with a small improvement in survival at 1 year when compared to non-resectional surgery and chemotherapy. However, at 2 and 3 years following treatment, survival benefits are less clear. Any survival benefits come at the expense of increased major and overall complications.
Nitric Oxide/Cyclic GMP-Dependent Calcium Signalling Mediates IL-6- and TNF-α-Induced Expression of Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein
Authors: Sticozzi Claudia , Belmonte Giuseppe , Frosini Maria , Pessina Federica 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAstrocyte activation is characterized by hypertrophy with increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), whose expression may involve pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, the effects of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and TNF-α and anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 on nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling, intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and GFAP expression were investigated. In human glioblastoma astrocytoma U-373 MG cells, IL-6 and TNF-α, but not IL-4 or IL-10, increased iNOS, cGMP, [Ca2+]i and GFAP expression. The inhibitors of iNOS (1400 W), soluble guanylyl cyclase (ODQ) and IP3 receptors (ryanodine and 2-APB) reversed the increase in cGMP or [Ca2+]i, respectively, and prevented GFAP expression. In rat striatal slices, IL-6 and TNF-α, at variance with IL-4 and IL-10, promoted a concentration-dependent increase in Ca2+ efflux, an effect prevented by 1400 W, ODQ and RY/2APB. These data were confirmed by in vivo studies, where IL-6, TNF-α or the NO donor DETA/NO injected in the striatum of anaesthetised rats increased cGMP levels and increased GFAP expression. The present findings point to NO/cGMP-dependent calcium signalling as part of the mechanism mediating IL-6- and TNF-α-induced GFAP expression. As this process plays a fundamental role in driving neurotoxicity, targeting NO/cGMP-dependent calcium signalling may constitute a new approach for therapeutic interventions in neurological disorders.
Erratum to: Suspended superconducting weak links from aerosol-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Kaikkonen Jukka-Pekka , Sebastian Abhilash Thanniyil , Laiho Patrik , Wei Nan , Will Marco , Liao Yongping , Kauppinen Esko I. , Hakonen Pertti J. 
Published: September 2020

The article “Suspended superconducting weak links from aerosol-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes” written by Jukka-Pekka Kaikkonen1, Abhilash Thanniyil Sebastian1, Patrik Laiho3, Nan Wei3, Marco Will1,2, Yongping Liao3, Esko I. Kauppinen3, and Pertti J. Hakonen1,2, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication online first, the author decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to © The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.The original article has been corrected.
Towards sustainable performance of urban horticulture: ten challenging fields of action for modern integrated pest management in cities
Authors: Feldmann Falko , Vogler Ute 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe identified ten current key challenges for plant protection in cities each of them belonging to a specific field of action of IPM in urban horticulture according to Directive 2009/128/EC. The challenges are: appropriate plant selection, microbiome engineering, nutrient recycling, smart, digital solutions, diversification of vegetation, avoidance of pesticide side effects on beneficials, biorational efficacy assessment, effective pest diagnosis, efficient outbreak control and holistic approaches. They are discussed on the background of the defined urban horticultural core sectors (a) public green infrastructure, including professional plant care, (b) professional field and greenhouse production systems and (c) non-professional private homegardens and allotments.
Der vereinsgebundene Jugendsport im Fokus sportbezogener Jugendforschung – ein Überblick über drei Jahrzehnte
Authors: Brettschneider Wolf-Dietrich 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Überblicksbeitrag hat die Forschungsansätze und -ergebnisse zum vereinsgebundenen Jugendsport in Deutschland im Verlauf der letzten drei Jahrzehnte zum Gegenstand. Es gilt zu reflektieren, welche Entwicklungslinien, welche produktiven Trends und welche Lücken im Erkenntnisstand auszumachen sind und welche Perspektiven daraus für die zukünftige Forschung erwachsen könnten. Die analytische Betrachtung der Forschungsansätze zum Jugendsport stellt zunächst die querschnittlich angelegten und deskriptiv verfahrenden Untersuchungen mit ihren Befunden zur Sportpartizipation und deren Korrelate mit verschiedenen Dimensionen der Persönlichkeit in den Vordergrund. Es folgt die Darstellung der Befunde längsschnittlich angelegter Studien, die Effekte zeigen und Aussagen über Kausalzusammenhänge zwischen Sportengagement im Verein und Aspekten jugendlicher Entwicklung zulassen. Im Anschluss daran werden die Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen vorgestellt und analysiert, die sich mit dem Nachwuchsleistungssport und der mit der dualen Karriere verbundenen Doppelbelastung durch Schule und Training befassen. Überlegungen zur potenziellen Entwicklung des Jugendsports mit möglichen Schwerpunkten für die zukünftige Jugendsportforschung schließen den Überblicksbeitrag ab.
Choosing Wisely Neurology: Recommendations for the Canadian Neurological Society
Authors: Beyak Catherine , Costello Fiona , Burton Jodie M. , Couillard Philippe 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT:Background:Choosing Wisely Canada (CWC) is a national branch of a global campaign advocating for fewer unnecessary tests and for optimizing patient care. Professional societies representing physicians, pharmacists, and nurses participate by generating lists of recommendations meant to reduce patient harm and resource mismanagement in healthcare. The Canadian Neurological Society (CNS) plays an important role in advocating for quality patient care demonstrated by deriving specific recommendations. This process is described.Method:The CNS Choosing Wisely task force adapted 10 recommendations for Canadian neurology practice. These were approved by the CNS board, and subsequently ranked by CNS members.Results:Ten recommendations were brought forward and ranked in a survey completed by CNS members. Survey ranking is presented. The top five recommendations were selected and optimized, resulting in seven key recommendations.Conclusion:The recommendations set forth by the CNS will help with resource stewardship and patient safety in the delivery of neurological care by healthcare providers in Canada.
Doing Trans-Economic Justice: A Critique of Anti-Discrimination Laws and Inclusive Employment Policies
Authors: Irving Dan , Hoo Nathan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article draws on our qualitative study of trans unemployment to introduce considerations of the relationship between trans unemployment and the demands for workers across economic sectors to perform affective labour as integral to industrial service relations. Affective dimensions of labour are often unspoken and unconscious, rendering it challenging for anti-discrimination laws to accommodate. We demonstrate the ways that recent cases grounded on unconscious bias open spaces for further consideration of the ways that trans employment discrimination rooted in demands for affective labour can be dealt with by anti-discrimination law.
A cloud-based bioinformatic analytic infrastructure and Data Management Core for the Expanded Program on Immunization Consortium
Authors: Vignolo Sofia M. , Diray-Arce Joann , McEnaney Kerry , Rao Shun , Shannon Casey P. , Idoko Olubukola T. , Cole Fatoumata , Darboe Alansana , Cessay Fatoumatta , Ben-Othman Rym ,   EPIC Consortium, Tebbutt Scott J. , Kampmann Beate , Levy Ofer , Ozonoff Al 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Expanded Program for Immunization Consortium – Human Immunology Project Consortium study aims to employ systems biology to identify and characterize vaccine-induced biomarkers that predict immunogenicity in newborns. Key to this effort is the establishment of the Data Management Core (DMC) to provide reliable data and bioinformatic infrastructure for centralized curation, storage, and analysis of multiple de-identified “omic” datasets. The DMC established a cloud-based architecture using Amazon Web Services to track, store, and share data according to National Institutes of Health standards. The DMC tracks biological samples during collection, shipping, and processing while capturing sample metadata and associated clinical data. Multi-omic datasets are stored in access-controlled Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) for data security and file version control. All data undergo quality control processes at the generating site followed by DMC validation for quality assurance. The DMC maintains a controlled computing environment for data analysis and integration. Upon publication, the DMC deposits finalized datasets to public repositories. The DMC architecture provides resources and scientific expertise to accelerate translational discovery. Robust operations allow rapid sharing of results across the project team. Maintenance of data quality standards and public data deposition will further benefit the scientific community.
Measuring organizational mentoring climate: Importance and availability scales
Authors: Tigges Beth B. , Sood Akshay , Dominguez Nora , Kurka Jonathan M. , Myers Orrin B. , Helitzer Deborah 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Although organizational climate may affect faculty’s mentoring behaviors, there has not been any way to measure that climate. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of two novel scales to measure organizational mentoring climate importance and availability at two public research universities.

Methods:
We developed 36 content-valid mentoring climate items in four dimensions: Structure, Programs/Activities, Policies/Guidelines, and Values. In total, 355 faculty completed an anonymous, structured, online survey asking about the importance (very important to very unimportant) and availability (no, don’t know, yes) of each of the items. We conducted reliability analyses and construct validity testing using exploratory common factor analysis, principal axis factoring, and oblique rotation.

Results:
The majority of the predominantly female, White non-Hispanic, senior, tenure-track faculty were not currently mentoring another faculty or being mentored. Analyses demonstrated a 15-item solution for both the Organizational Mentoring Climate Importance (OMCI) and the Availability (OMCA) Scales, with three factors each: Organizational Expectations, Mentor–Mentee Relationships, and Resources. Standardized Cronbach alphas ranged from 0.74 to 0.90 for the subscales, and 0.94 (OMCI) and 0.87 (OMCA) for the full scales. Faculty rated all items as somewhat to very important; however, perceived availability was very low ranging from mentor training programs (40%) to guidelines for evaluating mentoring success or managing conflict (2.5%).

Conclusions:
The scales will allow studying of how organizational climate may affect mentoring behavior and whether climate can be changed to improve faculty mentoring outcomes. We provide recommendations for furthering the science of organizational mentoring climate and culture.
Were Jews in interwar Poland more educated?
Authors: Abramitzky Ran , Halaburda Hanna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the context of interwar Poland, we find that Jews tended to be more literate than non-Jews, but show that this finding is driven by a composition effect. In particular, most Jews lived in cities and most non-Jews lived in rural areas, and people in cities were more educated than people in villages regardless of their religion. The case of interwar Poland illustrates that the Jewish relative education advantage depends on the historical and institutional contexts.