bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metapristone(RU486 derivative) inhibits endometrial cancer cell progress through regulating miR-492/Klf5/Nrf1 axis
Authors: Liu Yun , Chang Yue , Cai Yixuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women's health. The pathogenesis of endometrial cancer involves many signaling pathways which are related with transcription factors or microRNAs. Recent studies have reported that endometrial cancer is also related with the sexual-mediated hormones. The purpose of this research is to treat the endometrial cancer with the hormone-related drugs, and find out the specific molecular mechanism. Methods: In this study, RL95-2 cells and Ishikawa cells were used as the endometrial cancer cell models. miR-492 was transfected into RL95-2 cells and Ishikawa cells. The miRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR. The protein expression was measured by western blot. Cell proliferation was monitored using the MTT assay and cell colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was monitored using EdU assay. Results: Firstly, the results indicated that metapristone as a kind of hormone-related drugs could significantly inhibit the endometrial cancer cell growth through regulating cell apoptosis-related gene expression. Meanwhile, miR-492 was detected to be highly expressed in the endometrial cancer cell lines. Overexpression of miR-492 could promote the cell proliferation and inhibit the cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the downstream target genes of miR-492 were Klf5 and Nrf1, which were inhibited by metapristone. At the animal level, metapristone also inhibited the endometrial cancer cell growth through down-regulating the expression of miR-492 and decreasing the protein level of Klf5 and Nrf1. Conclusion: Taken together, this study indicated that metapristone inhibited the endometrial cancer cell growth through regulating the cell apoptosis related signaling pathway and the expression of miR-492 and its downstream target genes (Klf5 and Nrf1), which provided the theoretical basis of endometrial cancer in clinical treatment.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in people with psychiatric disorders: an umbrella review protocol
Authors: Lindekilde Nanna , Scheuer Stine , Rutters Femke , Henriksen Jan Erik , Rubin Katrine Hass , Lasgaard Mathias , Andersen Gregers Stig , Pouwer Frans 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Many epidemiological studies have investigated the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in individuals with a psychiatric disorder. In an umbrella review, we aim to systematically summarize existing systematic reviews examining the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in people with a psychiatric disorder. When information is available in the identified systematic reviews, comparisons with control groups without a psychiatric disorder will be made. Furthermore, we aim to assess the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews. Methods: The umbrella review will be based on a comprehensive systematic search of systematic reviews of observational (cross-sectional or longitudinal) studies investigating the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in people with a psychiatric disorder. Four electronic databases (Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) will be searched. Retrieved papers will be screened for eligibility by two independent reviewers. Furthermore, the reference lists of all included publications will be screened. Data will be extracted by using an a priori developed data extraction form and two independent reviewers will assess the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews. A narrative data-synthesis will be made. The AMSTAR (A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews) checklist will be used to assess the methodological quality of the included systematic reviews. Discussion: For each psychiatric disorder, the data regarding the prevalence of type 2 diabetes will be summarized and discussed. When possible, comparisons with control groups will be reported and discussed. Finally, future implications and recommendations for clinical care will be presented. Systematic review registration: (registration number) Keywords: Type 2 diabetes, Psychiatric disorder, Prevalence, Umbrella review, Systematic review
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Silver Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) Nanoflakes with effective Photocatalytic Activity for Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Ikram Muhammad , Raza A. , Imran M. , Ul-Hamid A. , Ali S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) was obtained through modified hummers method and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was acquired by employing heat treatment. Various concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt.%) of silver (Ag) were incorporated in GO nanosheets by adopting hydrothermal approach. Synthesized Ag decorated rGO photocatalyst Ag/rGO was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine phase purity and crystal structure. XRD patterns showed the formation of GO to Ag/rGO. Molecular vibration and functional groups were determined through Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Optical properties and a decrease in bandgap with insertion of Ag were confirmed with UV-visible (Uv-vis.) spectrophotometer and Photoluminescence (PL). Electronic properties and disorders in carbon structures were investigated through Raman spectroscopy that revealed the existence of characteristic bands (D and G). Surface morphology of prepared samples was examined with Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). Homogeneous distribution, size and spherical shape of Ag NPs over rGO sheets were further confirmed with the help of High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM). Dye degradation of doped and undoped samples was examined through Uv-vis. spectra. Experimental results indicated that photocatalytic activity of Ag@rGO enhanced with increased doping ratio owing to diminished electron-hole pair recombination. Therefore, it is suggested that Ag@rGO can be used as a beneficial and superior photocatalyst to clean environment and wastewater.
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes Promote Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Expression in Vascular Cells in the Local Microenvironment During Rabbit Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Li Lu , Wang Yikai , Yu Xiaobing , Bao Yongming , An Lijia , Wei Xiaowei , Yu Weiting , Liu Baoyi , Li Junlei , Yang Jiahui , Xia Yan , Liu Ge , Cao Fang , Zhang Xiuzhi , Zhao Dewei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) is a highly disabling orthopedic disease in young individuals. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) has been reported to be positively associated with NONFH. We aimed to investigate the dysregulating PAI-1 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and vascular cells in rabbit steroid-induced NONFH. Methods To verify the hypothesis that BMMSCs could promote thrombus formation in a paracrine manner, we collected exosomes from glucocorticoid-treated BMMSCs (GB-Exo) to determine their regulatory effects on vascular cells. microRNA sequencing was conducted to find potential regulators in GB-Exo. Utilizing gain-of-function and knockdown approaches, we testified regulatory effect of microRNA in exosomes. Results The expression of PAI-1 was significantly increased in local microenvironment of the femoral head in ONFH model. GB-Exo promoted PAI-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelial cells. We also revealed that miR-451-5p in GB-Exo should be responsible for the elevated PAI-1. Moreover, we identified miR-133b-3p and tested its role as an potential inhibitor of PAI-1. Conclusions This study provided considerable evidence for BMMSC exosomal miR-mediated upregulation of the fibrinolytic regulators PAI-1 in vascular cells. The disruption of coagulation and low fibrinolysis in the femoral head will eventually lead to a disturbance in microcirculation of NONFH. We believe that our findings could be of great significance for guiding clinical trials in the future.
Ultrathin Gold Nanowires to Enhance Radiation Therapy
Authors: Bai Lin , Jiang Fangchao , Wang Renjie , Lee Chaebin , Wang Hui , Zhang Weizhong , Jiang Wen , Li Zibo , Gao Shi , Xie Jin , Ma Qingjie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is a main treatment option for cancer. Due to normal tissue toxicity, radiosensitizers are commonly used to enhance RT. In particular, high-Z nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles, have been investigated as radiosensitizers. So far, however, the studies have been focused on gold nanospheres (GNSs). In this study, we assessed the potential of ultra-thin gold nanowires (GNWs) as a radiosensitizer, which is the first time. Results: Our studies showed that GNWs are superior to GNSs with regard to enhancing radical production under radiation. In vitro analysis found that GNWs could stick to the plasma membrane and elevate lipid peroxidation and intracellular oxidative stress under radiation. When tested in vivo , GNWs led to improved tumor suppression by RT relative to GNSs. GNWs may be gradually reduced to form GNSs and shorter gold nanowires, which benefits repeated radiation. Conclusions: Our studies suggest that GNWs are as a promising type of radiosensitizer, which can be safely injected into tumors to enhance radiotherapy. While the current study was conducted in breast cancer models, the approach can be extended to the treatment of other cancers.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of mulberry reveals anthocyanin biosynthesis mechanisms in black (Morus atropurpurea Roxb) and white (Morus alba L) fruit genotypes
Authors: Huang Gaiqun , Zeng Yichun , Wei Ling , Yao Yongquan , Dai Jie , Liu Gang , Gui Zhongzheng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
To better understand anthocyanin biosynthesis in mulberry fruit, we analyzed the transcriptome of Da 10 (Morus atropurpurea Roxb, black fruit) and Baisang (Morus alba L., white fruit). Although Da 10 had high levels of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy) and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside (Pg), Baisang contained only Cy, at low levels. Comparative transcriptome analysis resulted in the annotation of more than 27,085 genes (including 1,735 new genes). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected at three developmental stages—S1 (4,256 genes, 10 DPA), S2 (5,612 genes, 19 DPA), and S3 (5,226 genes, 28 DPA)—when comparing Da 10 and Baisang. Anthocyanin biosynthesis was associated with the expression of 15 core genes and 5 transcription factors. Relative to Baisang, Da 10 showed significant upregulation of the genes involved in the early stages (production of the intermediate compounds, chalcone and dihydroflavonol) and late stages (production of Cy and Pg) of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Baisang showed significant downregulation of the genes involved in the early stages of anthocyanin biosynthesis, and overexpression of flavanone 3-hydroxylase, resulting in the generation of quercetin and/or myricetin but not anthocyanins. Anthocyanin biosynthesis in mulberry fruit was fueled by the precursor, phenylalanine, the intermediates, chalcone and dihydroflavonol, and the products, Cy and Pg, involving the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways.
Speaker Recognition System based on Age-related Features using Convolutional and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Kuppusamy Karthika , Eswaran Chandra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
With the advent of conversational voice recognition systems growing such as Alexa, SIRI, OK Google, etc., natural language conversational systems including Chatbot and voice recognition systems are in new high and determining the age of a speaker is critical for setting the pertinent context. Age can be inferred from the speech signal by inferring various factors such as physical attributes of voice, linguistic attributes, frequency, speech rate,etc., The proposed research article discusses about extracting the spectral features of speech such as Cepstral Coefficients, Spectral Decrease, Centroid, Flatness, Spectral Entropy, F0DIFF, Jitter and Shimmer as inputs. This would help in classifying speaker age through deep learning techniques. A novel approach is addressed along with the model for implementation using Deep Neural Network and Convolutional Neural Network for classifying the features using three different classifiers which are Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and GMM-SVM. The results obtained from the proposed system would outline the performance in speaker age recognition.
Butanol Production from Lignocellulosic Sugars by Clostridium beijerinckii in Microbioreactors
Authors: Birgen Cansu , Degnes Kristin F. , Markussen Sidsel , Wentzel Alexander , Sletta Håvard 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Butanol ( n- butanol) has been gaining attention as a renewable energy carrier and an alternative biofuel with superior properties to the most widely used ethanol. We performed 48 anaerobic fermentations simultaneously with glucose and xylose as representative lignocellulosic sugars by Clostridium beijerinckii NCIMB 8052 in BioLector® microbioreactors to understand the effect of different sugar mixtures on fermentation and to demonstrate the applicability of the micro-cultivation system for high-throughput anaerobic cultivation studies. We then compared the results to those of similar cultures in serum flasks to provide insight into scalability.Results: ANOVA results showed that the glucose to xylose ratio affects both growth and production due to Carbon Catabolite Repression . The study showed that the BioLector® system is well suited for screening several media and sugar compositions under anaerobic conditions.Conclusions: The approach of, and information obtained in this study will support further research in bioreactor and bioprocess design and scale-up that are very important aspects of industrial fermentations of lignocellulosic biomass.
Prevalence of Familial Cluster Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: OConnor Emer , Simpson B S. , Houlden H. , Vandrovcova J. , Matharu Manjit 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The population rate of familial cluster headache (CH) has been reported to be as high as 20%, however this varies considerably across studies. To obtain a true estimate of family history in CH, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of previously published data. Methods: Our systematic review involved a search of electronic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL) to identify and appraise studies of interest utilising the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. To further ameliorate the accuracy of our analysis we included an additional unpublished cohort of CH patients recruited at a tertiary referral centre for headache, who underwent detailed family history with diagnostic verification in relatives. Data was extracted and meta-analysis conducted to provide a true estimation of family history. Results: In total, we identified 7 studies which fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The estimated true prevalence of CH patients with a positive family history was 6.27% (95% CI:4.65-8.40%) with an overall I 2 of 73% . Fitted models for gender subgroups showed higher estimates 9.26% (95% CI: 6.29-13.43%) in females. However the I 2 for the female model was 58.42% and significant (p=0.047). Conclusion: Our findings estimate a rate of family history in CH to be approximately 6.27% (95% CI:4.65-8.40%) . While estimates were larger for female probands, we demonstrated high heterogeneity in this subgroup. These findings further support a genetic role in the aetiology of CH.
Characterization of LGR5 expression in poorly differentiated colorectal carcinoma with mismatch repair protein deficiency
Authors: Nakajima Tomoyuki , Uehara Takeshi , Iwaya Mai , Kobayashi Yukihiro , Maruyama Yasuhiro , Ota Hiroyoshi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is a promising intestinal stem cell and carcinoma stem cell marker. We examined the relationship between mismatch repair (MMR) protein deficiency and LGR5 expression in poorly differentiated (PD) colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Methods In 29 cases of PD-CRC, deficiencies in MMR proteins (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, MSH6) and β-catenin expression were identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC). LGR5 expression was examined by RNAscope assay in tissue microarrays. Results LGR5 H-scores in MMR-deficient (MMR-D) cases were significantly lower than those in MMR-proficient (MMR-P) cases ( P =0.0033). Nuclear β-catenin IHC scores in MMR-D cases were significantly lower than those in MMR-P cases ( P =0.0024). In all cases, there was a positive correlation between LGR5 H-score and nuclear β-catenin IHC score (r=0.6796, P <0.001). Even in MMR-D and MMR-P cases, there was positive correlation between LGR5 H-score and nuclear β-catenin IHC score (r=0.7180, P <0.0085 and r=0.6574, P <0.003, respectively). MMR-D CRC cases showed low expression of LGR5 , which might be due to low activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Conclusion Our results reveal the relationship between LGR5 expression and MMR protein profiles in PD-CRC. A further study is warranted to confirm these findings.
The effect of smoking on biological change of recurrent breast cancer
Authors: Takada Koji , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Goto Wataru , Kouhashi Rika , Yabumoto Akimichi , Morisaki Tamami , Fujita Hisakazu , Shibutani Masatsune , Takashima Tsutomu , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The selection of treatment for a patient with breast cancer largely relies on the cancer subtype. However, this process is complicated by changes in tumor biology at relapse. Smoking has been identified as a risk factor for breast cancer. The direct effect of a tobacco component delivered via blood circulation on the mammary gland tissue and subsequent DNA damage have been proposed to explain the association between cigarette smoking and breast cancer carcinogenesis. This postulation is supported by both tissue culture and animal studies demonstrating that the associated DNA damage further alters breast cancer cells, as indicated by an increased proliferative capacity and malignant transformation. In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between changes in Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) each receptor at recurrence, and smoking and the prognosis after recurrence.Methods: This retrospective study included 989 patients with primary breast cancer who developed relapse after surgery and 50 patients who underwent regenerative biopsy or surgery from December 2007 to March 2018. ER, PgR, and HER2 expression in the primary and recurrent lesions was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and the correlations of these expression patterns with smoking history (pack-years) were examined.Results: When ER was evaluated in recurrent tumors, negative and positive conversions were recognized in 3 (6.0%) and 1 patient (2.0%), respectively. When PgR was evaluated, negative conversion was recognized in 15 patients (30.0%). When HER2 was evaluated, positive conversion was recognized in 6 patients (12.0%). Consequently, we observed a change in the intrinsic subtype in in 5 patients with recurrent tumors (10.0%). Although most clinical factors were not correlated with smoking, a positive conversion of HER2 in recurrence was significantly more frequent among smokers than among non-smokers (p=0.024).Conclusions: Biological changes during breast cancer recurrence should be given careful clinical consideration because they affect treatment after recurrence. Our results suggest that smoking may induce increased HER2 expression in recurrent breast tumors.
A novel six-gene signature for prognosis prediction in ovarian cancer
Authors: Pan Xin , Ma Xiao-xin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most malignant tumor in the female reproductive tract. Although abundant molecular biomarkers have been identified, a robust and accurate gene expression signature is still essential to assist oncologists in evaluating the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. In the current study, 367 patients were adopted through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and mRNA expression profiling was performed. Then, we used a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to screen genes correlated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and identify these genes with the Cox proportional regression model. Six genes (TGFBI, SFRP1, COL16A1, THY1, PPIB, BGN) associated with overall survival (OS) were used to construct a risk assessment model, by which the patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. The six-gene signature was identified as an independent prognostic biomarker of the OS of ovarian cancer patients via multivariate Cox regression analysis. Besides, the six-gene model was also validated significantly by Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In summary, we established a six-gene signature relevant to the prognosis of ovarian cancer, which might become a therapeutic target with clinical usefulness in the future.
Construction of Sandwich-like cell sheets with natural electrospun gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous delivered plasmid VEGF for accelerated wound healing
Authors: Zhu Yanxia , Liao Yuqi , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Xinyi , Zhang Jianhao , You Ziyang , Lian Cuihong , He Qianjun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Development of natural biodegradable electrospun nanofibrous with appropriate physical properties and biocompatibility is highly desirable to support multi-layer cell sheets construction for wound healing. Results We developed a series of electrospun gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous with different gelatin/chitosan ratios and controlled pore sizes, and impregnated plasmid VEGF into membrane, which as supporting membrane to construct sandwich-like adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) cell sheets with a simple and effective technique for accelerated wound healing. We found that the physical properties of the electrospun nanofibrous including water retention, stiffness, strength, elasticity and degradation could be tailored by changing the proportion of gelatin/chitosan. We further observed that the optimized electrospun nanofibrous with the optimal ratio of gelatin to chitosan (7:3) which were soft and elastic could most effectively support cell adhesion, proliferation and migration into the whole nanofibrous membranes. Nanofibrous delivered plasmid VEGF facilitating multi-layer ADSC cell sheets formation and promoting regeneration of cutaneous tissues within two weeks. Conclusions Such natural biodegradable and biocompatible electrospun gelatin/chitosan nanofibrous with plasmid have the potential to become fully cellularized and support sandwich-like ADSC cell sheets formation, which will make it suitable for widespread applications such as skin substitute or wound dressing.