bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Efficacy of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee
Authors: Li Hao , Liu Ting ting , Zhang Min 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the short-term effectiveness of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in the treatment of spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee (SONK).MethodsThe patients who were diagnosed as SONK and received UKA in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were diagnosed and staged by X-ray and MRI techniques before surgery. The range of motion (ROM), femorotibial angle (FTA), and visual analog scale (VAS) score of patients' knee joints were assessed before and after surgery. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the hospital for special surgery (HSS) knee score.ResultsA total of 18 patients with spontaneous osteonecrosis (4 males and 14 females; mean age: 62.5 years) met the inclusion criteria participated in this study. According to the Mont grades, 12 cases (66.7%) were in stage III, and 6 cases (33.3%) were in stage IV. The average follow-up was 19.6 months. At the last follow-up, it was found that the hospital for HSS score was increased from 61.22 ± 2.90 to 91.0 ± 2.89 (P < 0.05); VAS score was decreased from 6.44 ± 1.04 to 1.94 ± 0.99 (P < 0.05); FTA was improved from 178.42 ± 0.84 to 176.17 ± 0.87 (P < 0.05); ROM (120.17 ± 5.88) was not significantly different from that before surgery (119.61 ± 5.56, P = 0.601).ConclusionThe encouraging results of this study indicate that UKA has an excellent short-term clinical effect in the treatment of SONK.
Identification of repurposable cytoprotective drugs in Vanishing White Matter Disease patient-derived cells
Authors: Ng Neville , Cabral-da-Silva Mauricio Castro , Maksour Simon , Berg Tracey , Engel Martin , Silva Dina M. , Do-Ha Dzung , Lum Jeremy S. , Muñoz Sonia Sanz , Suarez-Bosche Nadia , Stevens Claire H. , Ooi Lezanne 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Vanishing white matter disease (VWMD) is a rare leukodystrophy caused by mutations of the guanine exchange factor eIF2B that typically presents with juvenile onset. There are few treatments and no cures for the disease. Recent progress in the field has established mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to be strongly implicated in observed glial cell pathology. Drug repurposing offers a rapid approach toward translation of therapeutics with already-licensed drugs.
Objective
The aim of this study was to use fibroblasts and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived astrocytes from patients bearing the EIF2B5R113H/A403V or EIF2B2G200V/E213G VWMD mutations to identify potentially repurposable FDA-approved drugs based on in vitro assays.
Methods
Cell viability in the presence or absence of stress was assessed by resazurin reduction activity assay, mitochondrial membrane potential by TMRE fluorescence, and oxidative stress by H2DCFDA oxidation. Relative eIF2B phosphorylation, GADD34 and CHOP were quantified by fluorescent western blot.
Results
Dysregulated GADD34 and CHOP were identified in patient fibroblasts and iPSC-derived astrocytes under induced stress conditions. A drug screen from a 2,400 FDA-approved drug library with EIF2B5R113H/A403V VWMD patient fibroblasts identified 113 anti-inflammatory drugs as a major class of hits with cytoprotective effects. A panel of potential candidate drugs, including berberine, deflazacort, ursodiol, zileuton, guanabenz and Anavex 2–73, and preclinical ISRIB, increased cell survival of EIF2B5R113H/A403V or EIF2B2G200V/E213G VWMD astrocytes, and were further investigated for their effect on the integrated stress response and mitochondrial stress. Ursodiol demonstrated capacity to ameliorate oxidative stress and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in VWMD patient iPSC-derived astrocytes in the presence or absence of stress conditions.
Conclusion
Patient-derived cells can be used to identify cellular phenotypes and for large-scale drug screening. Anti-inflammatory compounds, such as berberine, deflazacort, ursodiol and zileuton are potentially repurposable drug candidates for VWMD that should be further investigated for translation in vivo.
Exploration of the Regulatory Effects of PSORI-CM01 and Yin Xie Ling on microRNAs in the Peripheral Blood Monocytes of Patients with Blood Stasis Syndrome of Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Lu Yue , Qi Yao , Li Li , Yan Yuhong , Wei Jianan , Yao Danni , Deng Hao , Deng Jingwen , Ye Shuyan , Chen Haiming , Chen Qubo , Gao Hengjun , Han Ling , Lu Chuanjian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been used to manage psoriasis since thousands of years and are associated with advantages such as long remission period and few side effects. PSORI-CM01 is a clinical TCM formula for treating the blood stasis syndrome of psoriasis vulgaris. It is optimised from Yin Xie Ling, a herbal preparation formulated by the Chinese national medical master Xuan Guowei. In the present study, we used microRNA (miRNA) chip technology to analyse the effects of PSORI-CM01 and Yin Xie Ling on miRNA differential expression in the peripheral blood monocytes of patients with blood stasis syndrome of psoriasis vulgaris.Methods: Blood samples collected from healthy subjects and patients with blood stasis syndrome of psoriasis vulgaris were obtained from the Department of Dermatology in the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. These samples were obtained before and after treatment with PSORI-CM01 or Yin Xie Ling. Differentially expressed miRNAs were analysed by performing miRNA expression microarray to evaluate the mechanisms underlying the effects of the two formulations.Results: It was found that hsa-miR-3184-3p, hsa-miR-3653-3p, hsa-miR-20a-3p, hsa-miR-5681b, and hsa-miR-26a-5p were differentially expressed between the PSORI-CM01 and healthy control groups as well as between the Yin Xie Ling and healthy control groups before treatment, without any significant differences in their expression after treatment. The results revealed that the therapeutic effect of PSORI-CM01 on psoriasis was mediated mainly via the regulation of the adherens junction, thyroid hormone signalling, and proteoglycans in cancer pathways, whereas that of Yin Xie Ling was mediated mainly via the regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum protein processing, Hippo signalling, adherens junction, thyroid hormone signalling, cell cycle, proteoglycans in cancer, p53 signalling, oocyte meiosis, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis pathways.Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that PSORI-CM01 and Yin Xie Ling are beneficial for treating blood stasis syndrome of psoriasis vulgaris through the regulation of hsa-miR-20a-3p and hsa-miR-3184-3p expression and, consequently, through the adherens junction, thyroid hormone signalling, and proteoglycans in cancer pathways.Trial registration: Registration number, ChiCTR-TRC-14005185; Date of registration, 8 August 2014.
BTK Inhibitors Differentially Induce Apoptosis but Similarly Suppress Chemotaxis and Lipid Accumulation in Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Liu Zhuojun , Liu Jia , Zhang Tainming , Li Lin , Zhang Shuo , Jia Hao , Xia Yuanshi , Shi Mingxia , Zhang Jing , Yue Shuhua , Chen Xiaofang , Yu Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The more selective second-generation BTK inhibitors (BTKis) Acalabrutinib and Zanubrutinib and the first-generation BTK inhibitor (BTKi) Ibrutinib are highlighted by their clinical effectiveness in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), however, similarities and differences of their biological and molecular effects on anti-survival of MCL cells induced by these BTKis with distinct binding selectivity against BTK remain largely unknown. Methods: AlamarBlue assays were performed to define cytotoxicity of BTKis against MCL cells, Jeko-1 and Mino. Cleaved PARP and caspase-3 levels were examined by immunoblot analysis to study BTKi-induced apoptotic effects. Biological effects of BTKis on MCL-cell chemotaxis and lipid droplet (LD) accumulation were examined in Jeko-1, Mino and primary MCL cells via Transwell and Stimulated Raman scattering imaging analysis respectively. Enzyme-linked immunoassays were used to determine CCL3 and CCL4 levels in MCL-cell culture supernatants. RNA-seq analyses identified BTKi targets which were validated by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunoblot analysis. Results: Acalabrutinib and Zanubrutinib induced moderate apoptosis in Ibrutinib high-sensitive JeKo-1 cells and Ibrutinib low-sensitive Mino cells, which was accompanied by cleaved PARP and caspase-3. Such effects might be caused by the stronger ability of Ibrutinib to upregulate the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, such as HRK, GADD45A , and ATM , in JeKo-1 cells than in Mino cells, and the expression of such apoptotic genes was slightly changed by Acalabrutinib and Zanubrutinib in both JeKo-1 and Mino cells. Further, Acalabrutinib, Zanubrutinib and Ibrutinib reduced MCL-cell chemotaxis with similar efficiency, due to their similar abilities to downmodulate chemokines, such as CCL3 and CCL4. Also, these three BTKis similarly suppressed MCL-cell LD accumulation via downregulating lipogenic factors, DGAT2, SCD, ENPP2 and ACACA without significant differences. Conclusion: BTKis demonstrated differential capacities to induce MCL-cell apoptosis due to their distinct capabilities to regulate the expression of apoptosis-related genes, and similar biological and molecular inhibitory effects on MCL-cell chemotaxis and LD accumulation.
The wastewater microbiome: a novel insight for COVID-19 surveillance
Authors: Gallardo-Escárate Cristian , Valenzuela-Muñoz Valentina , Núñez-Acuña Gustavo , Valenzuela-Miranda Diego , Castellón Francisco , Benavente-Cartes Bárbara , Sáez-Vera Constanza , Urrutia Homero , Novoa Beatriz , Figueras Antonio , Roberts Steven 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Wastewater-Based Epidemiology is a tool to face and mitigate COVID-19 outbreaks by evaluating conditions in a specific community. This study aimed to analyze the microbiome profiles using nanopore technology for full-length 16S rRNA sequencing in wastewater samples collected from a penitentiary (P), a residential care home (RCH), and a quarantine or health care facilities (HCF). The HCF microbiome was strongly associated with enteric bacteria previously reported in patients with chronic disease and psychological disorders. During the study, the wastewater samples from the RCH and the P were negative for SARS-CoV-2 based on qPCRs, except during the fourth week when was detected. Unexpectedly, the wastewater microbiome from RCH and P prior to week four was correlated with the samples collected from the HCF, suggesting a core bacterial community is expelled from the digest tract of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. We provide novel evidence that the wastewater microbiome associated with gastrointestinal manifestations appears to precede the SARS-CoV-2 detection in sewage. This finding suggests that the wastewaters microbiome can be applied as an indicator of community-wide SARS-CoV-2 surveillance.
25-Gauge anterior vitrectomy via the scleral flap in phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for glaucoma and cataract with extremely shallow anterior chamber
Authors: Shao Hui , Wu Bole , Ye Xinming , Meng Yiyu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: To observe the safety and efficacy of a surgical technique of 25-gauge anterior vitrectomy via scleral flap in phacoemulsification combined with trabeculectomy for glaucoma and cataract with extremely shallow anterior chamber.Methods: This was a retrospective study composed with 18 eyes of 18 patinets（8 males and 10 females）, including 11 eyes with acute angle closure glaucoma, 8 eyes with lens subluxation combined with glaucoma. All patients underwent phacoemulsification, intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, trabeculectomy, and anterior vitrectomy via the scleral flap in cases where conservative managements cannot control intraocular pressure (IOP). The main outcomes were best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior chamber depth (ACD), IOP, slit lamp microscopic examinations, medications, fundus examinations and complications.Results: The average axial length (AL) was 21.5 ± 0.6 mm (range: 20.0 to 23.2 mm). Mean age was 62.3 ± 7.9 years old (range: 46 to 73 years). Mean ACD increased statistically significant from 0.78 ± 0.43 mm to 2.89 ± 0.41 mm 1 week after surgery (P<0.001). Mean IOP decreased significantly from 43.28 ± 9.38 mmHg to 16.72 ± 6.28 mmHg (P<0.001). There were no serious complications occurred, such as endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, suprachoroidal hemorrhage, corneal decompensation and malignant glaucoma.Conclusions: 25-Gauge anterior vitrectomy via the scleral flap was a safe and effective technology in glaucoma combined with cataract with extremely shallow anterior chamber.
Clinical Efficacy of a Micro-locking Plate Vertical or Parallel Technique for Treatment of Dubberley B-type Capitellar Fractures
Authors: Lu Yao , Fu Lei , Liu Deyin , Xu Yibo , Xu Liping , Song Zhe , Fan Shan , Wang Qian , Sun Liang , Xue Hanzhong , Li Zhong , Zhang Kun , Ma Teng , Ren Cheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of micro-locking plate through vertical or parallel technique for treatment of Dubberley B-type capitellar fractures.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed in 24 patients (seventeen males and seven females, with an average age of 44.9 years, range from 19 to 75 years) with capitellar fractures that were treated with micro-locking plate using vertical or parallel technique between January 2016 to January 2019. The inclusion criteria include closed capitellar fracture, anterior elbow joint movement normal before injury, recent capitellar fracture with times of injury within past 3 weeks. Fractures classified according to Dubberley included 4 cases of type IB, 8 cases of type IIB and 12 cases of type IIIB. Radiographic evaluation was performed. Surgery time, blood lose, range of motion of the elbow, forearm rotation and complications was recorded. Elbow joint function was evaluated by Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS).ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 19.6 months (range, 12–36 months). The average clinical healing time for fractures was 11.2 ± 3.2 weeks (range, 8–20 weeks). Fracture united in all patients. Two patients showed slight delayed union, but union was achieved eventually. The mean time from injury to surgery was 6.3 ± 3.1 days (range, 2–15 days). The average surgical time was 68.1 ± 11.5 minutes(range, 50–90 minutes), and the mean blood loss was 75.2 ± 26.5 mL༈range, 40–120 mL). The mean range of flexion was 122.5°±10.5°༈range, 95°-140°). The mean range of extension was 8.5°±5.8°༈range, 0°-20°). The mean range of pronation was 79.7°±8.0°༈range, 65°-90°). The mean range of supination was 80.5°±7.1°༈range,60°-90°). The mean MEPS at final follow-up was 89.8 ± 9.0 (range, 60–100). Based on the MEPS, 18 (75%) patients had excellent, 5 (20.8%) patients had good and 1 (4.2%) patient had fair. None of the 24 patients suffered vascular or nerve injury. One patient showed superficial infection, which terated with surgical dressing.Conclusions The micro-locking plate accroding to vertical or parallel technique is an excellent method for Dubberley B-type capitellar fractures.
Strategies for Involving Patients and the Public in Scaling-Up Initiatives in Health and Social Services: Protocol for a Two-Pong Study
Authors: Charif Ali Ben , Plourde Karine V. , Guay-Belanger Sabrina , Zomahoun Hervé Tchala Vignon , Gogovor Amédé , Straus Sharon , Beleno Ron , Kathner Kathy , Mclean Robert K.D. , Milat Andrew J. , Wolfenden Luke , Paquette Jean-Sébastien , Geiger Friedemann , Légaré France 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The scale-up of evidence-based innovations is required to reduce waste and inequities in health and social services (HSS). However, it often tends to be a top-down process initiated by policy-makers, and the values of the intended beneficiaries are forgotten. Involving multiple stakeholders including patients and the public in the scaling-up process is thus essential but highly complex. We propose to identify relevant strategies for meaningfully and equitably involving patients and the public in the science and practice of scaling up in HSS.Methods: Design: We will adapt our overall method from the RAND Appropriateness Method. Following this, we will perform a two-component study design (knowledge synthesis and Delphi study) grounded in an integrated knowledge translation (iKT) approach. This approach involves extensive participation of a network of stakeholders interested in patient and public involvement (PPI) in scaling up and a multidisciplinary steering committee. Knowledge synthesis: We will conduct a systematic scoping review following the methodology recommended in the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers Manual. We will use the following eligibility criteria: 1) Participants - any stakeholder involved in creating or testing a strategy for PPI; 2) Intervention - any PPI strategy proposed for scaling-up initiatives; 3) Comparator - no restriction; 4) Outcomes: any process or outcome metrics related to PPI; and 5) Setting - HSS. We will search electronic databases (e.g., MEDLINE, Sociological Abstract), hand searching relevant websites, screen the reference lists of included records, and consult experts in the field. Two reviewers will independently select and extract eligible studies. We will summarize data quantitatively and qualitatively and report results using the PRISMA extension guidelines. Delphi study: We will conduct an online Delphi survey to achieve consensus on the relevant strategies for PPI in scaling-up initiatives in HSS. Participants will include stakeholders from low-, middle-, and high-income countries. We anticipate that three rounds will allow an acceptable degree of agreement on research priorities.Discussion: Our findings will advance understanding of how to meaningfully and equitably involve patients and the public in scaling-up initiatives for sustainable HSS.Registration: We registered this protocol with the Open Science Framework on August 19, 2020 (https://osf.io/zqpx7/).
WITHDRAWN: Ultra-Precision Polishing&nbsp;Method&nbsp;of&nbsp;Polymer-Derived&nbsp;Amorphous SiAlCN Ceramics
Authors: Chen Yigao , Cao Yejie , Wang Yiguang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The amorphous and heterogeneous microstructures of polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) make it challenging to uniformly polish them without the appearance of obvious polishing defects. In this study, the surface characteristics of polymer-derived silicoaluminum carbonitride (SiAlCN) ceramics were investigated after mechanical polishing and chemical–mechanical polishing (CMP). The results showed the generation of polishing defects including scratches, pits, and comet tails after mechanical polishing; nonetheless, the surface quality was largely improved after CMP, providing an ultra-smooth surface (Ra = ~0.25 nm). The evolution of the surface morphology was characterized in detail and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to analyze the characteristics of chemical bond before and after the CMP. The polishing slurry dominated the corrosion process during CMP, inducing the oxidation of the SiCxNy phase; nonetheless, the so-formed oxidation products and carbon phase were removed by mechanical action. The obtained ultra-high smooth surface can promote practical application in the field of PDCs-based sensors.
Serum D-dimer level as a biomarker for identifying patients with isolated injury to prevent unnecessary whole-body computed tomography in blunt trauma care
Authors: Nakama Rakuhei , Yamamoto Ryo , Izawa Yoshimitsu , Tanimura Keiichi , Mato Takashi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Unnecessary whole-body computed tomography (CT) may lead to excess radiation exposure. Serum D-dimer levels have been reported to correlate with injury severity. We examined the predictive value of serum D-dimer level for identifying patients with isolated injury that can be diagnosed with selected-region CT rather than whole-body CT.Methods This single-center retrospective cohort study included patients with blunt trauma (2014–2017). We included patients whose serum D-dimer levels were measured before they underwent whole-body CT. “Isolated” injury was defined as injury with Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score ≤ 5 to any of five regions of interest or with AIS score ≤ 1 to other regions, as revealed by a CT scan. A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn for D-dimer levels corresponding to isolated injury; the area under the ROC (AUROC) was evaluated. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for several candidate cut-off values for serum D-dimer levels.Results Isolated injury was detected in 212 patients. AUROC was 0.861 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.815–0.907) for isolated injury prediction. Serum D-dimer level ≤ 2.5 µg/mL was an optimal cutoff value for predicting isolated injury with high specificity (100.0%) and positive predictive value (100.0%). Approximately 30% of patients had serum D-dimer levels below this cutoff value.Conclusion D-dimer level ≤ 2.5 µg/mL had high specificity and high positive predictive value in cases of isolated injury, which could be diagnosed with selected-region CT, reducing exposure to radiation associated with whole-body CT.