bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual processing of color and shape in people with leprosy
Authors: Soares Perla Figueredo Carreiro , Andrade Michael Jackson Oliveira , Andrade Sefora Luana Evangelista , Santos Natanael Antonio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the contrast sensitivity of spatial luminance and the color discrimination thresholds of the protan, deutan, and tritan axes of people with leprosy. This study included 8 subjects with leprosy (M = 4, W = 4, M = 33.38 ± 8.7) and 8 healthy subjects (M = 4, W = 4, M = 30.89 ± 5.8). The contrast sensitivity was evaluated by the Metropsis software version 11.0 with vertical sinusoidal grids of frequencies of 0.2, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 16 cycles per degree of visual angle (cpd) and color vision by the desaturated Lanthony D15 tests and the trivector and ellipse protocols of the Cambridge Color Test. The results showed significant differences between the groups in the processing of spatial frequencies of 0.2 (U= 14;p= .018); 5.0 (U= 45.0;p= .001); 10.0 (U= 45.0;p= .001), and 16.0 (U= 45.0;p= .001) cpd. The difference in color recognition through D15d (U= 4.0;p= .002). Ellipse 2 (U= 10.0;p= .012) and ellipse 3 (U= 9.0;p= .009) were discriminated against. Overall, the results indicate that leprosy changes the visual processing of low, medium, and high spatial frequencies, as well as the sensitivity of the short wavelength (tritan line of confusion) and long (protan line of confusion) cones.
Polymorphism and expression of the Dvl3 gene in the etiology of depressive disorder
Authors: Zajączkowska Marlena , Talarowska Monika , Szemraj Janusz , Gałecki Piotr 
Published: July 2020

Cel pracyCelem tej pracy było zbadanie roli genu Dvl3 w etiologii zaburzeń depresyjnych poprzez porównanie ekspresji genu Dvl3 na poziomie mRNA i białka jak i polimorfizmu w locus rs 1969253 w obrębie intronu genu Dvl3 u pacjentów z depresją w odniesieniu do osób zdrowych oraz poszukiwanie zmiennych klinicznych mających związek z polimorfizmem lub ekspresją badanego genu.MetodaBadaniami objęto grupę 181 osób z rozpoznaniem zaburzeń depresyjnych nawracających lub epizodu depresyjnego. Grupę kontrolną stanowiły 102 zdrowe osoby. Od wszystkich uczestników pobrano próbki krwi obwodowej celem pomiaru poziomu ekspresji genu Dvl3 na poziomie mRNA i białka jak i polimorfizmu w locus rs 1969253. Od pacjentów zebrano przy włączeniu do badania dane dotyczące płci, wieku, przebiegu choroby a także zbadano natężenie objawów depresyjnych za pomocą Skali Depresji Hamiltona. Uzyskane dane opracowano statystycznie.WynikiU pacjentów z depresją stwierdzono istotne statystycznie obniżenie ekspresji Dvl3 na poziomie mRNA i białka względem zdrowych uczestników. Na ekspresję genu Dvl3 u pacjentów z depresją nie miały wpływu płeć, wiek, liczba epizodów, nasilenie objawów, czas trwania choroby lczy wiek wystąpienia pierwszego epizodu. Ocena polimorfizmu w locus rs 1969253 wykazała, że osoby z genotypem CA i CC miały ponad trzykrotnie wyższe ryzyko zachorowania na depresję w porównaniu z osobami o genotypie AA (OR = 3,3 ,% CI = 1,56-6,99). Nie obserwowano natomiast zależności między badanym polimorfizmem a analizowanymi zmiennymi klinicznymiWnioskiZmiany ekspresji i polimorfizm genu Dvl3 mogą mieć istotny związek z mechanizmami patogenetycznymi występującymi w przebiegu zaburzeń depresyjnych.
The program of psychological and breastfeeding support “Maternity step by step”: an example of effective solution for the prevention, diagnostics and treatment of prenatal and postpartum depression
Authors: Chrzan-Dętkoś Magdalena , Pietkiewicz Agnieszka , Żołnowska Joanna , Pizuńska Daria 
Published: July 2020

Cel pracyDepresja poporodowa dotyka około 13 – 20% kobiet, depresja w okresie ciąży – 19% kobiet ciężarnych. W Polsce brakuje oferty pomocy dla tej grupy osób. W artykule zaprezentowano elementy pilotażowego programu „Macierzyństwo krok po kroku”, finansowanego przez gminę Miasto Gdańsk. Celem programu było zapewnienia gdańszczanom specjalistycznej opieki laktacyjnej i psychologicznej w okresie ciąży i w pierwszym roku życia dziecka.MetodaBadaniem objęto trzy grupy kobiet: 36 matek biorących udział w konsultacjach psychologicznych i terapii krótkoterminowej, 123 kobiet korzystających z porad laktacyjnych oraz 104 osoby z grupy kontrolnej. Do ewaluacji wykorzystano m.in. autorskie ankiety, Kwestionariusz Oceny Zdrowia Psychicznego GHQ – 28 Goldberga (Makowska & Merecz, 2011) oraz Parental Stress Index - 3rd version (Abidin, 1995).WynikiWyniki. Przeprowadzona ewaluacja wykazała istotne obniżenie symptomów zaburzeń zdrowia psychicznego zarówno w grupie kobiet korzystających z interwencji psychologicznej jak i z porad laktacyjnych. W grupie kobiet korzystających z interwencji psychologicznej zaobserwowano istotne obniżenie stresu rodzicielskiego.WnioskiPrzeprowadzone analizy pokazują, że wdrożony program charakteryzuje się wysoką skutecznością. Program może być odpowiedzią na planowane zmiany w standardach opieki okołoporodowej i kontynuowany w kolejnych latach.
Does pop-culture affect perception of medical procedures? Report on knowledge and attitude towards electroconvulsive therapy among Polish students
Authors: Kramarczyk Krzysztof , Ćwiek Aleksandra , Kurczab Bartłomiej , Czok Marcelina , Bratek Agnieszka , Kucia Krzysztof 
Published: July 2020

Cel pracyTerapia elektrowstrząsowa (EW, ang. electroconvulsive therapy) jest jedną z najbardziej stygmatyzowanych i kontrowersyjnych form leczenia stosowanych w psychiatrii. Pomimo faktu, że z biegiem lat liczba wskazań do jej wykonywania spadła, wciąż cechuje ją dobry efekt terapeutyczny. Ponadto jej skuteczność w wielu jednostkach chorobowych przewyższa skuteczność leczenia farmakologicznego. Ponadto EW jest leczeniem bezpiecznym z kilkoma efektami ubocznymi, z których najważniejszym jest przejściowa utrata pamięci. Celem badania było sprawdzenie poziomu wiedzy ogólnej oraz stosunku polskich studentów, w tym również studentów kierunków medycznych, do terapii elektrowstrząsowej. Oprócz tego zbadano wpływ popkultury na opinię społeczną na temat EW.MetodaW tym celu zankietowano 1370 studentów za pomocą kwestionariusza autorskiego, złożonego z pytań o dane demograficzne, pytań szczegółowych dotyczących EW, jak również pytań o wpływ popkultury na odbiór społeczny tej procedury medycznej. Respondenci zostali przyporządkowani do czterech podgrup, w zależności od kierunków studiów: kierunki humanistyczne, techniczne, kierunek lekarski oraz inne kierunki nauk o zdrowiu.WynikiUzyskane dane wskazują że wiedza na temat elektrowstrząsów wśród polskich studentów stoi na bardzo niskim poziomie. W wielu przypadkach terapia ta jest uważana za bolesną, nieskuteczną, a nawet nielegalną.WnioskiDuży wpływ na takie postrzeganie tej terapii ma popkultura, a zwłaszcza przemysł filmowy, który kreuje negatywne opinie na temat opisywanej procedury. Ponadto wielu respondentów deklaruje, że głównym źródłem ich wiedzy jest telewizja lub Internet, gdzie informacje są często nierzetelne.
Long-Term Reciprocal Gene Flow in Wild and Domestic Geese Reveals Complex Domestication History
Authors: Heikkinen Marja E , Ruokonen Minna , White Thomas A , Alexander Michelle M , Gündüz İslam , Dobney Keith M , Aspi Jouni , Searle Jeremy B , Pyhäjärvi Tanja 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHybridization has frequently been observed between wild and domestic species and can substantially impact genetic diversity of both counterparts. Geese show some of the highest levels of interspecific hybridization across all bird orders, and two of the goose species in the genus Anser have been domesticated providing an excellent opportunity for a joint study of domestication and hybridization. Until now, knowledge of the details of the goose domestication process has come from archaeological findings and historical writings supplemented with a few studies based on mitochondrial DNA. Here, we used genome-wide markers to make the first genome-based inference of the timing of European goose domestication. We also analyzed the impact of hybridization on the genome-wide genetic variation in current populations of the European domestic goose and its wild progenitor: the graylag goose (Anser anser). Our dataset consisted of 58 wild graylags sampled around Eurasia and 75 domestic geese representing 14 breeds genotyped for 33,527 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Demographic reconstruction and clustering analysis suggested that divergence between wild and domestic geese around 5,300 generations ago was followed by long-term genetic exchange, and that graylag populations have 3.2–58.0% admixture proportions with domestic geese, with distinct geographic patterns. Surprisingly, many modern European breeds share considerable (&gt; 10%) ancestry with the Chinese domestic geese that is derived from the swan goose Anser cygnoid. We show that the domestication process can progress despite continued and pervasive gene flow from the wild form.
Inversion Genotyping in the Anopheles gambiae Complex Using High-Throughput Array and Sequencing Platforms
Authors: Love R Rebecca , Pombi Marco , Guelbeogo Moussa W , Campbell Nathan R , Stephens Melissa T , Dabire Roch K , Costantini Carlo , della Torre Alessandra , Besansky Nora J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Chromosomal inversion polymorphisms have special importance in the Anopheles gambiae complex of malaria vector mosquitoes, due to their role in local adaptation and range expansion. The study of inversions in natural populations is reliant on polytene chromosome analysis by expert cytogeneticists, a process that is limited by the rarity of trained specialists, low throughput, and restrictive sampling requirements. To overcome this barrier, we ascertained tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are highly correlated with inversion status (inverted or standard orientation). We compared the performance of the tag SNPs using two alternative high throughput molecular genotyping approaches vs. traditional cytogenetic karyotyping of the same 960 individual An. gambiae and An. coluzzii mosquitoes sampled from Burkina Faso, West Africa. We show that both molecular approaches yield comparable results, and that either one performs as well or better than cytogenetics in terms of genotyping accuracy. Given the ability of molecular genotyping approaches to be conducted at scale and at relatively low cost without restriction on mosquito sex or developmental stage, molecular genotyping via tag SNPs has the potential to revitalize research into the role of chromosomal inversions in the behavior and ongoing adaptation of An. gambiae and An. coluzzii to environmental heterogeneities.
Precise Replacement of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteasome Genes with Human Orthologs by an Integrative Targeting Method
Authors: Yellman Christopher M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Artificial induction of a chromosomal double-strand break in Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhances the frequency of integration of homologous DNA fragments into the broken region by up to several orders of magnitude. The process of homologous repair can be exploited to integrate, in principle, any foreign DNA into a target site, provided the introduced DNA is flanked at both the 5′ and 3′ ends by sequences homologous to the region surrounding the double-strand break. I have developed tools to precisely direct double-strand breaks to chromosomal target sites with the meganuclease I-SceI and select integration events at those sites. The method is validated in two different applications. First, the introduction of site-specific single-nucleotide phosphorylation site mutations into the S. cerevisiae gene SPO12. Second, the precise chromosomal replacement of eleven S. cerevisiae proteasome genes with their human orthologs. Placing the human genes under S. cerevisiae transcriptional control allowed us to update our understanding of cross-species functional gene replacement. This experience suggests that using native promoters may be a useful general strategy for the coordinated expression of foreign genes in S. cerevisiae. I provide an integrative targeting tool set that will facilitate a variety of precision genome engineering applications.
rdmc: An Open Source R Package Implementing Convergent Adaptation Models of Lee and Coop (2017)
Authors: Tittes Silas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe availability of whole genome sequencing data from multiple related populations creates opportunities to test sophisticated population genetic models of convergent adaptation. Recent work by Lee and Coop (2017) developed models to infer modes of convergent adaption at local genomic scales, providing a rich framework for assessing how selection has acted across multiple populations at the tested locus. Here I present, rdmc, an R package that builds on the existing software implementation of Lee and Coop (2017) that prioritizes ease of use, portability, and scalability. I demonstrate installation and comprehensive overview of the package’s current utilities.
Peter Reddaway, The Dissidents: A Memoir of Working with the Resistance in Russia, 1960-1990. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 2020. ISBN: 9780815737735. Hardcover, 338 pp., $29.99
Authors: Hoff Dr. Samuel B. 
Published: July 2020

The author, professor emeritus of political science and international affairs at George Washington University, has written his fourth book about recent Soviet Russian history. However, unlike the previous three, he approaches this work from a personal perspective. The objective of the current book is to relay his experience with the dissident movement in the aforementioned nation and to assess the reasons why reforms have been largely stymied. Reddaway’s examination of the topic coincides with contemporary events both domestic and worldwide.
The transitioning process: A qualitative case study of international swimming and diving student-athletes competing in the NCAA
Authors: Otto Marcella Giuliana , Martinez Jean Michael , Barnhill Christopher 
Published: July 2020

Prior studies examining international student-athletes’ transition experiences to life on American colleges campuses have generally focused on outcomes related to their recruiting experience and change adaptation. Few studies included the adjustment process and challenges faced by the individuals. The primary purpose of this case study was to add to the existing literature by expanding on the psychological transition process of international swimming and diving student-athletes experience after joining an American intercollegiate athletics team. Utilizing Bridges (1986) model, the present study employed semi-structured interviews amongst 10 international student-athletes from a large NCAA Division I university. A thematic analysis revealed seven major themes, which were: realization that change was necessary, reflecting on the decision, language barrier, education system, cultural adjustment and valuable lessons,international bond, and words of wisdom. The findings suggested transition is a multi-stage process that occurs throughout student-athletes’ experiences on campus.

Key words: college athletics, international student-athletes, transitioning process
Parents’ Motivations for Enrolling their Children in Recreational Sports
Authors: Pracht Dale Wayne , Houghton Victoria , Fogarty Kate , Sagas Michael 
Published: July 2020

Extensive literature covers reasons for participation in sports from the perspective of youth athletes. However, athletic involvement starts early and is determined in part by parental support. The purpose of this study was to learn more about parents’ motivations for enrolling their children in sports. A 49-item parent motivational scale of reasons for enrolling child(ren) in sports was created as part of the study first as a pilot and later tested with 84 parent participants who had school-aged children enrolled in recreational sports. An open-ended question on primary reasons why parents enrolled their child in sports was also included in the study. Exploratory factor analysis of the motivational scale indicated a four-component solution for types of reasons parents enrolled their children in sports: 1. Extrinsic/parent-focused; 2. Child growth and development; 3. Social benefits; and 4. Health/well-being. Parents rated the latter three types of beneficial reasons for enrolling children in sports more highly than extrinsic/parent-focused ones and were more likely to list beneficial than extrinsic reasons in the open-ended question. Scores on several individual motivational items varied by child’s, not parent’s, gender and parent’s marital status. Implications for use of self-determination and expectancy-value theoretical perspectives, understanding parents’ motivations to encourage children’s sports participation while considering family structure and gender of child, and study limitations with ideas for future research are discussed.
The first-line therapy of aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas in russian clinical practice: data from the EQUILIBRIUM study
Authors: Babicheva L. G. , Poddubnaya I. V. 
Published: July 2020

The objective: evaluation of effectiveness of the first-line therapy with rituximab of B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases in Russian clinical practice in the period from 2014 to 2017.Materials and methods. The EQUILIBRIUM post-registration multicenter study included 1000 patients aged 21 to 91 years old with a verified diagnosis of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, who received at least 4 cycles of rituximab-containing therapy with Acellbia®. The group of aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (aNHL), which is the subject of this article, included 295 patients with a median age of 55.9 years: diffuse B-large cell lymphoma – 87 %, primary mediastinal lymphoma – 11 %, Burkitt’s lymphoma – 1 %. Group characterized by the presence of aggressive clinical signs reflecting the poor prognosis: in the majority of patients, generalized stages were diagnosed (61 %), in half of the cases (50.2 %), extranodal localization of tumor foci was detected (in 32.4 % of patients there were 2 or more). The overwhelming majority of patients (84.5 %) received adequate treatment complying with national and international recommendations (R-CHOP, R-CHOEP and R-EPOCH, high-intensity NHL-BFM-R, R-HyperCVAD and R-MACOP-B regimes). The use of R-CVP, FCR, RB, Chl-R, R-monotherapy treatment programs (which received 15.5 % of patients) was considered inadequate for this category of patients.Results. According to the results of the final assessment, high therapy efficacy was established: the overall response exceeded 90 %, complete remission was achieved in most patients with aNHL (68.5 %), partial remission – in every 5th patient (21.8 %). With a median follow-up of 15 months, 16 (5.42 %) deaths and 34 (11.53 %) events were registered. Median of event-free survival and overall survival have not been achieved. Statistically significant differences depending on first-line therapy efficacy were found in overall survival (p = 0.00000) and eventfree survival (p = 0.00000), once again confirming that the main goal of aNHL treatment is to achieve complete remission.Conclusion. Available and compliant with national clinical guidelines treatment of aNHL patients with Russian bioanalogue of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (Acellbia®) demonstrates high immediate efficacy and acceptable long-term results, comparable to a retrospective analysis of previous clinical studies of the original drug rituximab.
Successful experience in the use of ultrasound elastography in the differentiating of lymphomatous and metastatic superficial lymphadenopathy
Authors: Kovaleva E. V. , Danzanova T. Yu. , Sinyukova G. T. , Gudilina E. A. , Lepedatu P. I. , Allahverdieva G. F. , Zeynalova P. A. , Larionova V. B. , Kolyadina I. V. 
Published: July 2020

The objective: to evaluate the possibilities of ARFI technology (Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse), including Virtual Touch™ Tissue Imaging (VTI) and Virtual Touch™ Tissue Quantification (VTQ) for differentiation of lymphomatous and metastatic superficial lymphadenopathy.Materials and methods. The prospective study included 138 patients with enlarged superficial lymph nodes (LN). Based on a previous histological examination, patients were divided into two groups: 1st group (n = 108) – patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas and Hodgkin’s lymphoma; 2nd group (n = 30) – patients with metastasis of solid tumors in superficial LN. All patients underwent ultrasound elastography of the enlarged LN using ARFI technology. In VTI study the Area Ratio parameter was evaluated, and the minimum and average values of the shear wave velocity were estimated in VTQ study.Results. According to the results of VTI study the Area Ratio parameter for enlarged LN in lymphoma (1st group) and for metastatic lymphadenopathy (2 nd group) were 1.031 ± 0.197 and 0.851 ± 0.15, respectively (p = 0.000009). The cut off value of the Area Ratio parameter was 0.901 with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy 80.6, 70.0 and 78.8 %, respectively. Minimum values of shear wave velocities for 1st and 2 nd groups were 1.980 ± 0.557 and 2.214 ± 0.367 m/s, respectively (p = 0.032). The cut off values of the average shear wave velocity in the differentiating of lymphomatous and metastatic lymphadenopathy are determined at the level of 2.00 m/s, with sensitivity of 70.0 %, specificity of 59.3 %, and accuracy of 61.6 %.Conclusion. Ultrasound elastography with ARFI technology demonstrated statistically significant differences in the Area Ratio parameter and in the minimum shear wave velocity in the enlarged superficial LN in lymphoma and with metastasis that can be used as a preliminary non-invasive differential diagnosis of enlarged superficial LN in these conditions. Moreover, the Area Ratio parameter has a statistically more significant effect on differentiating of lymphomatous and metastatic lymphadenopathy.
TIC e literatura infantil: desafios da prática pedagógica na era digital
Authors: Prestes de Oliveira Juliana 
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: Este trabalho busca refletirem que medida há desafios na implementação das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) na organização pedagógica de professores de Literatura, mais especificamente de doutorandas em Letras – Área Estudos Literários. Além disso, procura-se pensar sobre a formação/capacitação docente, principalmente no que diz respeito ao ensino de Literatura Infantil. Ao atentar-se para tais ideias, foi proposto o auxílio de duas pós-graduandas, que estavam passando pela experiência de Docência orientada, na disciplina de Literatura Infantil, do Curso de Pedagogia da UFSM, na utilização de TIC para o ensino-aprendizado de Literatura. Nessa ocasião, foi avaliado se os recursos auxiliaram-nas a atingir o objetivo, a finalidade pretendida e se despertaram nos alunos o interesse pelo conteúdo, contribuindo para o aprendizado. A partir da análise dos relatórios, percebeu-se que aprender como aplicar as TIC em sala de aula e usá-las é importante.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: TIC; literatura lnfantil; prática pedagógica; narratologia.

ABSTRACT: This paper reflects upon the challenges while implementing information and communication technologies (ICT) in the pedagogical organization of literature teachers, in particular those of language and literature PhD students. Furthermore, we seek to reflect upon teacher’s training, mainly concerning children’s literature teaching. By taking such aspects into consideration, it has been proposed the support of two post-graduate students going through an oriented teaching experience (Docência Orientada) in a Children’s Literature course, in the context of the Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM) pedagogy undergraduate degree, while using ICT for literature teaching and learning. In this context, it has been checked whether the resources they used helped achieve their goals and whether they aroused student’s interest in the content, thus fostering learning. From the analysis of the reports, it became clear that learning how to apply and use ICT in the classroom is important.
KEYWORDS: ICT; children’s literature; pedagogical practice; narratology.