bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of eye movements in schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Shiino Tomoko , Miura Kenichiro , Fujimoto Michiko , Kudo Noriko , Yamamori Hidenaga , Yasuda Yuka , Ikeda Manabu , Hashimoto Ryota 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimEye movement abnormalities are often associated with psychiatric illness. Subjects with either schizophrenia or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been reported to show eye movement abnormalities. However, it is still unclear whether eye movement abnormalities in schizophrenia and in ASD have common features. This study aimed to understand the similarities/differences in eye movement abnormalities of subjects with schizophrenia and those with ASD.MethodsWe analyzed 75 eye movement characteristics of 83 subjects with schizophrenia, 17 subjects with ASD and 255 healthy controls that were collected during fixation, smooth pursuit and free viewing tasks using analysis of covariance with the covariates age and sex.ResultsWe found significant effects across groups on 21 eye movement characteristics, of which 4 characteristics had large effect sizes. Post hoc multiple comparisons indicated significant differences between the subjects with schizophrenia and healthy controls across all 21 characteristics. On the other hand, no significant difference between the ASD group and healthy control group was found. Instead, the subjects with ASD showed significant differences from the subjects with schizophrenia in 5 eye movement characteristics during the free viewing and smooth pursuit eye movements.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that eye movement abnormalities in the subjects with ASD are different from those with schizophrenia and that the tasks in this study are suitable to detect eye movement abnormality in schizophrenia. Thus, the eye movement examinations used here may distinguish subjects with schizophrenia from those with ASD.
Structural brain morphometry associated with theory of mind in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Authors: Quidé Yann , Wilhelmi Camille , Green Melissa J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD) share common functional and structural brain abnormalities, as well as various degrees of social cognitive deficits, suggesting shared brain mechanisms. This study examined the relationship between social cognitive skills and structural brain integrity in 60 cases with SZ, 65 cases with psychotic BD, and 61 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent structural MRI and completed The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT). Associations between social cognitive performance on each task of the TASIT (Emotion Recognition, Theory of Mind [ToM], and Complex ToM) and indices of gray matter volume and cortical thickness were investigated within three separate groups comprising (a) all cases with a history of psychosis (independently of their diagnostic status), (b) each diagnostic category separately, and (c) an HC group. Cases with psychosis showed worse social cognitive performance compared to the HC group, and SZ cases performed worse than BD on all ToM tasks, but not the Emotion Recognition subtest. Poor ToM performance was associated with thinner anterior temporal lobe in the combined group of cases with psychosis, and with decreased volume of the left fusiform gyrus/cerebellum in the HC group. In the BD group alone, poor ToM performance was associated with similar pattern of thinner anterior temporal lobe, as well as with increased volume in the mid‐ and posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus. However, there were no associations between brain morphometry and social cognition in the SZ group when considered alone. Taken together, ToM behavioral deficits were associated with thinner right anterior temporal lobe, a critical region from a larger affective ToM network among all cases with psychosis, but aberrant morphology of brain regions key for self‐processing were specific to the BD group. These findings may have important implications for targeted interventions for the affective social brain network in BD.
The Effects of Upper Limb Motor Recovery on Submovement Characteristics among the Patients with Stroke: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Naghibi Seyedeh Somayeh , Ghassemi Farnaz , Maleki Ali , Fallah Ali 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the evidence related to the effect of upper limb motor recovery on submovement characteristics, including duration, amplitude, overlap, interpeak distance, and the number of submovements in stroke patients using a meta‐analysis.Type of StudyMeta‐analysis.Literature SurveyThe literature search was restricted to articles written in English published from inception to October 2018 in Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, IEEE Explore, MEDLINE, CDSR, Scopus, Compendex, Wiley Online Library, Springer Link, and REHABDATA.MethodologyStudies were included if they encompassed adult participants with a clinical diagnosis of stroke who underwent upper limb rehabilitation and if they assessed and reported submovement characteristics as the outcome measures in pre‐ and posttreatment stages. Changes in submovement characteristics between pre‐ and postinterventions were compared using the standardized mean difference (SMD). Finally, a test for heterogeneity and publication bias was implemented for all meta‐analyses.SynthesisAmong the 188 retrieved articles, seven of them (one randomized controlled trial, six pre‐post) involving 259 patients were selected for meta‐analysis. Based on the results, the overall observed changes in all meta‐analyses were statistically significant. In total, submovement amplitude (SMD 0.624, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.356, 0.893]), duration (SMD 0.61, 95% CI [0.332, 0.888]), and overlap (SMD 0.928, 95% CI [0.768, 1.088]) increased whereas interpeak distance (SMD −0.278, 95% CI [−0.42, −0.137]), and the total number of submovements (SMD −0.804, 95% CI [−1.069, −0.538]) decreased.ConclusionsThe submovements appeared to become longer, fewer, and more overlapped with motor recovery. Based on the results, the ability of the neural system to blend submovements increased in both acute/subacute and chronic patients during recovery. Therefore, assessing the submovements during recovery can be a new quantitative measure of motor improvement, providing another means of comparing rehabilitation interventions and individualizing therapy for stroke patients.
Conformational transition of polyelectrolytes in mixed solvent by dielectric spectroscopy: Electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions
Authors: Zhou Xinlu , Zhao Kongshuang 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTWe studied conformational transition of poly(acrylic acid)‐graft‐dodecyl (PAA‐g‐dodecyl), and PAA‐graft‐poly(ethylene oxide)‐graft‐dodecyl (PAA‐g‐PEO‐g‐dodecyl) molecules in DMF/H2O solvent by dielectric analysis method utilizing a double‐layer polarization theory. In addition to the hydrophobic interaction which has been demonstrated to be vital for their conformational transition with water content, it is confirmed that the electrostatic interaction is crucial. For PAA‐g‐dodecyl molecules, at a critical value of water content, a peak value of correlation length is reached originating from the delicate balance between electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. For PAA‐g‐PEO‐g‐dodecyl molecules, chains conformation is mainly determined by electrostatic interaction over the entire range of water content due to the low content of dodecyl groups. Meanwhile, H‐bond associative interaction prevents the dissociation of free carboxyl groups over the range of lower water content, thus their stretched transition moves to higher water content. Our results provide the underlying insights needed to understand solvent effect on the conformational transition for polyelectrolytes with hydrophobic groups. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019, 57, 1716–1724
Pulmonary manifestations in young Gaucher disease patients: Phenotype‐genotype correlation and radiological findings
Authors: Gawad Tantawy Azza Abdel , Moneam Adly Amira Abdel , Madkour Sherihane S. , Salah El‐Din Nouran Yousef 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pulmonary involvement is important orbidity in Gaucher disease (GD), it is previously reported to be rare. Moreover, no epidemiological studies described its prevalence specifically in children. The clinical spectrum and risk determinants for this complication and its long‐term response to therapy are unknown.AimTo assess the prevalence of clinical and radiological pulmonary involvement in pediatric GD patients and its relation to Gaucher severity and genotype.MethodsForty‐eight GD patients were studied focusing on pulmonary and neurological manifestations with assessment of severity scoring index (SSI; a Gaucher specific scale). Detailed enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) history was taken regarding dose, duration, and effect on pulmonary manifestations. Genotype was performed to 30 patients. Radiological investigations included plain chest‐radiography (CXR), high‐resolution CT (HRCT), and hepatic and splenic volumes.ResultsFifteen patients had type 1 (31.2%) and 33 patients had type 3 GD (68.8%). The most common mutation was L483P detected in 25 patients (83.3%). Sixteen patients had recurrent chest wheeze (33%). CXR showed pulmonary findings in 17 patients (35.4%) while HRCT‐chest showed affection in 31 patients (64.6%). The ground‐glass pattern was present in 14 patients (29.1%), reticulonodular infiltration in 9 patients (18.8%), air trapping in 6 patients (12.5%), and bronchiectatic changes in two patients (4.2%). Univariate logistic regression analysis for predictors of abnormal HRCT‐chest was negatively correlated with platelets (P = .01) and hemoglobin (P = .018) and positively correlated with recurrent chest wheezing (P = .019), abnormal CXR (P = .007), and SSI (P = .009).ConclusionPulmonary involvement is a prevalent morbidity of GD with variable presentations. CXR for early detection of pulmonary involvement in GD is safe and highly predictive.
Distributed entropy filtering subject to DoS attacks in non‐Gauss environments
Authors: Song Haifang , Ding Derui , Dong Hongli , Wei Guoliang , Han Qing‐Long 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThis paper is concerned with distributed entropy filtering for a class of time‐varying systems subject to non‐Gaussian noises and denial‐of‐service attacks. A distributed Kalman‐type filter is constructed by fusing the information from neighboring sensors in the one‐step prediction estimation. The maximum correlation entropy criterion with weighted Gaussian kernels instead of the traditional least squares and minimum variance indices is then employed to evaluate the filtering performance under the more general case of non‐Gaussian noises. For the considered scenario, a new algorithm of distributed maximum correntropy criterion Kalman filters is developed by utilizing traditional fixed‐point iterative rules, and the desired filter gains are dependent on both the one‐step prediction cross‐variance and the weighted Gaussian kernel function. In light of a similar analysis process and an introduced auxiliary cost, its suboptimal version is proposed to avoid the calculation of cross‐variance and thereby satisfying the requirement of real time. Furthermore, a degenerated result is also derived under the traditional correntropy criterion (ie, with unit weighted matrices). Finally, the simulation results show the merit of proposed distributed maximum correntropy criterion Kalman filters in the presence of denial‐of‐service attacks and non‐Gaussian noises.
Pyridine‐Based Macrocyclic and Open Receptors for Urea
Authors: Adhikari Suman , Kar Debasis , Fröhlich Roland , Ghosh Kumaresh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPyridine‐based macrocyclic and open receptors 1–4 have been designed, synthesized and characterized. The macrocycle 1 was characterized by single crystal X‐ray spectroscopy. Compound 2 selectively binds and recognizes urea in CHCl3. Fluorescence spectroscopy shows that compound 2 selectively displays quenching of monomer emission followed by formation of an intramolecular excimer upon hydrogen bond mediated complexation of urea. This distinguishes urea from thiourea. The fluorometric detection of urea has also been performed with the open receptors 3 and 4 in CHCl3. The detailed study reveals the effectivity of 2 in fluorescence sensing of urea over the structures 3 and 4. The urea recognition properties of receptors were evaluated by 1H NMR, fluorescence and UV‐vis studies.
Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of Radioligand, 99mTc‐DO3A‐Et‐RPAR for Imaging NRP‐1 Specific Tumor
Authors: Adhikari Anupriya , Tiwari Anjani K. , Shukla Abha , Mishra Anil K. , Datta Anupama 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor co‐receptor neuropilin‐1, NRP‐1, is one of the prime tumor targets owing to its overexpression in numerous carcinomas. A peptidic conjugate, DO3A−Et‐RPAR was synthesized in 97% purity. It was labeled with 99mTc in 98% efficiency and specific activity of 3.62 MBq/nmol. The agent displayed minimal toxicity of 15% in healthy HEK293 cells at 0.5 mM concentration post 72 h incubation. 99mTc‐DO3A−Et‐RPAR was 98.6% stable in human serum up to 24 h post labeling. Cellular uptake assays exhibited maximum NRP‐1‐specific uptake (20±0.26% activity at 2 h) with low nanomolar affinity (KD = 9.21±0.36 nM) in U‐87 MG cells. In vivo blood kinetics study of radioconjugate establishes stability and rapid clearance from the bloodstream with biological half‐life of t1/2 (fast), 52±0.2 min; and t1/2 (slow), 13 h 10±0.4 min. Biodistribution studies carried out in U‐87 MG xenograft mice showed tumor to muscle ratio of 8.3 at 2 h p.i.
Ni‐Pd Nanoparticles Embedded in N‐Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon Derived from Luffa Sponge: Preparation, Characterization and Its Catalytic Activity
Authors: Beigbaghlou Somayyeh Sarvi , Javad Kalbasi Roozbeh , Habibi Azizollah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis work reports an efficient approach for the fabrication of novel nitrogen‐doped hierarchical porous carbon (NHPC) and its application as support for Ni−Pd NPs immobilization and then its catalytic performance toward Heck reaction and sequential one‐pot cross coupling‐nitro reduction. Herein, NHPC has been synthesized via the in situ polymerization of pyrrole onto the Luffa sponge surface as a cost‐effective, green and biological template and a carbonization process. The high nitrogen content (7.24 wt%) and hierarchical porous structure of NHPC resulted in well dispersion of Ni−Pd NPs onto the surface and remarkable stability of them during the reactions. Also, the combination of Ni and Pd NPs with the Ni: Pd ratio of 70:30 exhibited high catalytic activity in the Heck coupling and one‐pot sequential coupling‐nitro reduction. Furthermore, the prepared support and catalyst were studied by FT‐IR, composition and elemental analysis, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, Field emission scanning electron microscopy and elemental (FESEM), mapping, High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), ICP‐AES, N2 adsorption‐desorption, Diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS/UV), zeta potential and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques.
Two Different Selective Ways in the Deprotonation of β‐Bromopropionanilides: β‐Lactams or Acrylanilides Formation.
Authors: Pandolfi Fabiana , Chiarotto Isabella , Mattiello Leonardo , Petrucci Rita , Feroci Marta 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe reactivity of 3‐bromo‐N‐(p‐bromophenyl)propanamide with different bases in an ionic liquid (BMImBF4) and in acetonitrile (ACN) was studied. Two possible deprotonation sites are present in this molecule, leading to different products. When the NH group is deprotonated, a β‐lactam is obtained after internal halide displacement; when the CH2 in alpha to the carbonyl is deprotonated, the corresponding acrylanilide is formed. This study allowed determining the experimental conditions to obtain selectively and in high yields both products starting from the same molecule. In particular, to obtain the acrylanilide Et3N in ACN is to be used, while to obtain selectively the β‐lactam ring the base must be generated by cathodic reduction of a DMF or ACN‐Et4NBF4 solution. These reactions were extended to other β‐bromopropionanilides, allowing to easily synthesize both β‐lactams and acrylanilides, molecules having noteworthy biological activities.
Synthesis of Aldose 11‐Mercaptoundecanoyl Hydrazones as Promising Glycoligands of Noble Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Ershov Andrei Y. , Martynenkov Alexander A. , Lagoda Igor V. , Kopanitsa Maria A. , Yakimansky Alexander V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThesynthetic method for previously unknown 11‐mercaptoundecanoyl hydrazones of the aldose series (L‐arabinose, D‐ribose, D‐xylose, L‐rhamnose, L‐fucose, D‐mannose, D‐galactose, D‐glucose, N‐acetyl‐D‐glucosamine, N‐acetyl‐D‐mannosamine, D‐lactose, D‐maltose) was developed, and structures of the productes were determined. These compounds are perspective glycoligands for noble metal nanoparticles. The 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy data show that most of these aldose 11‐mercaptoundecanoyl hydrazones in DMSO‐d6 solution exist as a tautomeric mixture of open hydrazone and cyclic pyranose forms. The linear hydrazone form is represented by a set of Z′,E′‐conformational isomers, differing in the arrangement of substituents relative to the amide bond C–N, in comparable amounts. In the case of 11‐mercaptoundecanoyl hydrazones derived from D‐glucose, D‐lactoseand D‐maltose, the cyclic pyranose structure represented by α,β‐configurational isomers is retained.
Fifth Generation Polyurethane Dendrimers Decorated with Protected Amine, Free Amine and Blocked Isocyanate End Groups: Synthesis and Electrolytic Performance to Increase the Efficiency of Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Ali Badusha Mohamad , Kumar Kaliamurthy Ashok , Sultan Nasar AbdulSalam 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFifth generation polyurethane dendrimers decorated with trifluoroacetamide, free amine and blocked isocyanate end‐groups were prepared and their structures were confirmed using FT‐IR, 1H and 19F‐NMR, MALDI‐TOF MS and size exclusion chromatography (SEC‐MALS) techniques. The hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential of dendrimers were measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique; the later parameter indicated that the dendrimer containing trifluoroacetamide end‐group (1) stabilized more in the medium. The effect of different end‐groups on photophysical, electrochemical and thermal properties of dendrimers were also evaluated; dendrimer with blocked isocyanate end‐groups (3) absorbed low light, showed two redox potential and exhibited glass transition temperature (Tg). All the dendrimers were used as electrolytes in combination with LiI for N719 dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and found that the DSSC fabricated with blocked isocyanate‐terminated dendrimer (3) yielded nearly 2.5 times high power conversion efficiency (ɳ=8.04% upon illumination with 0.5 sun intensity) compared to the cell fabricated with only LiI electrolyte.
Novel Platinum(II) Complexes Selectively Induced Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest of Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro
Authors: Marković Nenad , Zarić Milan , Živković Marija D. , Rajković Snežana , Jovanović Ivan , Arsenijević Nebojša , Čanović Petar , Ninković Srđan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo new dinuclear Pt(II) complexes with different aromatic nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds as the bridging ligands, [{Pt(en)Cl}2(μ‐1,7‐phen)](ClO4)2⋅H2O (C1) and [{Pt(en)Cl}2(μ‐4,7‐phen)](ClO4)2⋅H2O (C2), (1,7‐phen and 4,7‐phen are 1,7‐phenanthroline and 4,7‐phenanthroline while en is a bidentate coordinated ethylenediamine), were synthesized and structurally characterized by NMR (1H and 13C), IR and UV‐vis spectroscopy. In vitro cytotoxic activity of these complexes was evaluated against two tumor cell lines, human breast carcinoma (MDA‐MB‐231) and mouse breast carcinoma cells (4T1), and against one type of healthy human fibroblasts cells (MRC‐5). Platinum complex C1 showed stronger selectivity toward MDA‐MB‐231 and 4T1 breast carcinoma cells in comparison to cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Complex C2 displayed lower cytotoxicity than cisplatin and oxaliplatin in case of all stated cell lines, showing selectivity comparable to oxaliplatin.
Pd Nanoparticles Decorated on Jute Sticks: Dip‐Catalyst of Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck C–C Bond Formation Reactions in Water
Authors: Kalanthoden Abdul Nasar , Shaikh M. Nasiruzzaman , Aziz Md. Abdul , Rani S. Kutti 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAchieving C−C bond formation using Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck cross‐coupling reactions with reusable, cost‐efficient, highly regioselective, and naturally available supported catalysts is rare and challenging. In the current study, naturally available jute plant sticks (green support ‐ GS) decorated with Pd nanoparticles, denoted as Pd@GS, were prepared by reducing K2PdCl4 using NaBH4 in water. This ‘dip‐catalyst’ construct was used to catalyze the Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck cross coupling‐reactions in water. SEM, TEM, and elemental mapping images reveal the homogeneous distribution of Pd nanoparticles with average dimensions within a narrow range of 7–10 nm on solid support. For the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction, the highest conversion achieved is 97% with a TOF of 4692 h−1 for the reaction of 4‐acylphenylboronic acid and iodobenzene in the presence of KOH in an aqueous medium. For the Mizoroki‐Heck reaction, a 98% yield (TOF=237 h−1) of the coupling product was obtained with an exclusive selectivity towards the targeted olefinic product using 4‐methylstyrene and iodobenzene as the reactants in water‐DMF as a mixed solvent at 90 °C. The same catalyst sample can be used for 7 consecutive cycles, i. e., without addition of any fresh catalyst, while retaining its original crystallinity without any leaching of Pd.
Efficient and Chemoselective Amidation of β‐Carboline Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Lin Miaoman , Liang Weida , Ma Jiale , Wu Ye , Xiao Xiao , Ying Jianxi , Yan Yinghua , Zhao Lingling , Jin Haixiao , Liang Hongze , Cui Wei , Yan Xiaojun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA series of β‐carboline amides has been synthesized in one‐pot reaction via coupling between an acid and an amine in the presence of HBTU/Et3N. This mild amidation reaction undergoes efficiently and chemoselectively. Bioactivity studies indicate that the β‐carboline amide derivatives exhibit neuroprotective activity and might be developed to be lead compounds for anti‐stroke agents.
One‐Pot Synthesis of N‐Substituted Enaminones from Ketones, Aromatic Nitriles and Halides
Authors: Duan Xiyan , Yang Shijie , Yao Changyang , Jia Fenglin , Wang Lin , Li Weinan , Meng Zhen , Zhou Yingying , Li Xiaoqing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA simple and convenient one‐pot copper‐catalyzed synthesis of N‐substituted enaminones has been demonstrated from ketones, aromatic nitriles and halides. This transformation involves the aldol‐type reaction and Ullmann‐type cross coupling, which features high efficient and inexpensive Cu‐catalyst with broader diversification scope.
Synthesis of (±)‐cis‐1‐Aryl‐3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[f]chromene‐2‐carbonitriles and (±)‐trans‐4‐Aryl‐2‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐benzo[h]chromene‐3‐carbonitriles
Authors: Mkaouar Kamar , Iriepa Isabel , Diez‐Iriepa Daniel , Marco‐Contelles José , Ismaili Lhassane , Chabchoub Fakher 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe unexpected stereospecific synthesis of (±)‐cis‐1‐aryl‐3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐benzo[f]chromene‐2‐carbonitriles (2) and (±)‐trans‐4‐aryl‐2‐oxo‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐benzo[h]chromene‐3‐carbonitriles (4) from (±)‐3‐amino‐1‐aryl‐1H‐benzo[f]chromene‐2‐carbonitriles (1) and (±)‐2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐4H‐benzo[h]chromene‐3‐carbonitriles (3), respectively, by reacting them in formic acid (88%), at reflux, is reported. A DFT analysis has been applied with success to justify these highly stereospecific reactions.