bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microsurgical resection of a large cavernous malformation of the medulla oblongata
Authors: Sayyahmelli Sima , Başkaya Mustafa K. 
Published: January 2020

In this surgical video, we present a 57-year-old man with neck pain, dizziness, and imbalance. MRI showed a heterogeneously enhancing mass lesion within the posterior medulla at the level of the foramen magnum. Because the patient was symptomatic from this cavernous malformation, the decision was made to proceed with surgical resection. The patient underwent a midline suboccipital craniotomy with C1 laminectomy for surgical resection of the cavernous malformation in the medulla oblongata, with concurrent monitoring of motor and somatosensory evoked potentials.The surgery and postoperative course were uneventful. The postoperative MRI showed gross-total resection of the mass with histopathology indicating a cavernous malformation. The patient continues to do well without recurrence at 7 years of follow-up. In this video, we demonstrate important microsurgical steps for the resection of this challenging and rare vascular malformation.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/gbGleLowzxo.
Minimally invasive oblique interbody fusion for correction of iatrogenic lumbar deformity
Authors: Wilkerson Christopher , Mortimer Vance , Dailey Andrew T. , Mazur Marcus D. 
Published: January 2020

Spinal instability may arise as a consequence of decompressive lumbar surgery. An oblique lumbar interbody fusion combined with pedicle screw fixation can provide indirect decompression on neural elements, stabilization of mobile spondylolisthesis, and restoration of segmental lordosis. Minimally invasive techniques may facilitate a shorter hospitalization and faster recovery than a traditional open revision operation. The authors describe the use of an anterior interbody fusion via an oblique retroperitoneal approach and posterior pedicle screw fixation to treat a 67-year-old woman who developed L3–4 and L4–5 unstable spondylolisthesis after a lumbar laminectomy.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/KWwGMIoDrmU.
Vertebral column resection for severe kyphosis
Authors: Gupta Munish C. 
Published: January 2020

Vertebral column resection is an excellent tool for the correction of sharp angular deformities. Preoperative planning is crucial, and a 3D model is helpful. The spinal column is stabilized before any resection is performed. The dorsal fusion mass holds the dura and spinal cord suspended with the adhesions while the anterior decompression is being performed. The correction is performed by shortening with compression, rod exchange, in situ bending, cantilever, and compression. The anterior column support is important. Multiple rods prevent early rod failure. The cord is covered with bone graft to prevent mechanical compression from muscle or a hematoma.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/FlBE5SFa2Gw.
ANALISIS KINERJA PASAR KARET (Hevea Brasiliensis) DI KECAMATAN KELAYANG KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HULU
Authors: Dharma Aldo mulya , Rifai Ahmad , Maharani Evy 
Published: January 2020

Kecamatan Kelayang adalah salah satu kecamatan yang memiliki luas areal perkebunan karet terluas yang ada di Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu, dengan luas areal perkebunan karet dikecamatan Kelayang ialah 13.066 (Ha). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemasaran karet berdasarkan saluran pemasaran dan kinerja pasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Kelayang, Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode survei. Objek penelitian adalah pedagang, pedagang besar dan lembaga pemasaran yang terlibat dalam pemasaran karet dari produsen ke konsumen akhir (pabrik) di lokasi penelitian. Jumlah sampel pedagang yang ditentukan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pedagang karet dengan total responden 42, total pedagang pengumpul 38, dan 4 pedagang besar. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) saluran pemasaran karet yang terdiri dari dua saluran: saluran pemasaran I dari petani, pengumpul, pedagang besar dan pabrik, dan saluran pemasaran II dari petani, pengumpul dan pabrik. ; (2) kinerja pasar di saluran pemasaran I menghasilkan marjin pemasaran sebesar Rp2.077,01 / kg, dan saluran pemasaran II Rp. Rp 2.058,8 / kg, efisiensi pemasaran saluran pemasaran sebesar 13,25%, dan saluran pemasaran II 8,84%. Saluran pemasaran saham petani I adalah 78,30%, dan saluran pemasaran II adalah 78,17%. Kinerja pasar dalam posisi tawar petani lemah karena harga ditentukan secara sepihak oleh pedagang, terutama di saluran I dan saluran II.
KEUNGGULAN KOMPETITIF DAN KEUNTUNGAN USAHATANI PADI DI KOTA DUMAI
Authors: Yanti Meri , Tarumun Suardi , Elinur  
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keunggulan kompetitif dan keuntungan usahatani padi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey yang dilakukan di Kota Dumai Provinsi Riau. Metode analisa data yang digunakan adalah Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Privat Cost Ratio Usahatani Padi di Kota Dumai menguntungkan dan memiliki keunggulan kompetitif karena Privat Cost Ratio lebih kecil dari satu. Produksi padi di Dumai memiliki daya saing secara Internasional yang ditunjukkan oleh Rasio Biaya Domestik sebesar 0,58. Hal ini berarti komoditas tersebut lebih menguntungkan jika diusahakan didalam negeri dari pada diimpor. Usahatani padi di Kota Dumai menguntungkan dari aspek privat dan sosial, namun keuntungan sosial lebih besar dibandingkan nilai keuntungan privat. Hal ini berarti bahwa usahatani padi tersebut menguntungkan pada saat tidak adanya intervensi dari Pemerintah baik dari sisi input maupun output. Nilai keuntungan finansial maupun keuntungan ekonomi usahatani padi diatas adalah positif. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa usahatani padi tersebut memiliki keunggulan kompeetitif dan komparatif dalam menggunakan sumberdaya ekonomi.
Creencias ambientales de estudiantes de Sociología de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú
Authors: Alvarez Tolentino Daniel 
Published: January 2020

La situación ambiental es desde hace años una preocupación para las entidades públicas y privadas de nuestro país, las universidades desde su rol social vienen implementando estrategias de educación ambiental ante tal crisis. Por ello, la Facultad de Sociología de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú (UNCP) implementó en su currícula, cursos ambientales complementados con cursos de ética y filosofía. El presente estudio tiene por objetivo medir las creencias ambientales de los estudiantes de pregrado con el fin de evaluar el impacto de la estrategia empleada. Para ello, se aplicó la escala New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) a 214 estudiantes matriculados de todos los semestres durante el periodo académico 2017-2018. Los resultados mostraron una mayor predominancia de las creencias ecocéntricas (=3.9±0.72), demostrando que el enfoque ecosistémico de la facultad viene fortaleciendo la conciencia ambiental de sus estudiantes de pregrado.
ON THE ISSUE OF AZERBAIJANI-RUSSIAN RELATIONS
IN THE 18TH- BEGINNING OF THE 19TH CENTURY IN THE WORKS
OF THE AZERBAIJANI HISTORIAN F.M.ALIYEV
Authors: Iskenderova Marziya S. 
Published: January 2020

In the article is attempted to make a historiographic analysis on the issue of Azerbaijani-Russian relations in the 18th-19th centuries in the works of the prominent Azerbaijani historian F.M.Aliyev, who laid the foundation for the development of this direction of historical science.
The study of factors that influenced the development of extended Azerbaijani-Russian trade relations in the specified period is considered reasonably and objectively.
A critical assessment is given of the tendentious approach to the idea of the dominant Russian orientation in Azerbaijan and the pressure of Soviet ideological postulates is revealed.
In the article are traced the political and economic interests of Russia in the South Caucasus, including Azerbaijan, which served as the basis for the implementation of its aggressive policy in the region. Emphasis is placed on the geostrategic and economic position of Azerbaijan as the most important factor in the large-scale plans of Russia. The position of F.Aliyev is revealed in relation to the dominant in the policy of Russia of its own interests in the South Caucasus as a whole, and in Azerbaijan in particular.
THE DYNAMICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARMENIAN-IRANIAN RELATIONS IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD
Authors: Kelbizadeh Elnur Р. 
Published: January 2020

Relations with the post-soviet countries, especially with the Caucasus republics became a special aspect of Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy, after the collapse of the USSR. The processes around the Islamic Republic of Iran have increased the attention to the foreign policy of this country, its relations with neighboring countries and its strategic goals. It is known that the Islamic Republic of Iran expected its main threats to its security from its southern and western neighbors. In this sense, the collapse of the USSR has created a new sphere of diplomatic activity for the Islamic Republic of Iran. On the other hand, Iran's loss of influence in this region could pose new security threats to him.
The main purpose of this article is to analyze the stages of political relations between one of the regional powers of the Asian continent the Islamic Republic of Iran and its sole Christian neighbor Armenia and to forecast future of bilateral relations. This article explores the dynamics of İran-Armenia relations in the context of regional security. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of the theory of realism. A number of theoretical and applied methods have been used to study the development of bilateral relations.
SOURCES FOR THE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL CULTURE OF THE PEOPLES OF KABARDINO-BALKARIA, KARACHAY-CHERKESSIA
AND ADYGEA IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY
Authors: Barazbiev Muslim I. , Murzahanov Yurii I. 
Published: January 2020

The current level of development of Caucasian studies is the result of the work of professional scientists (archaeologists, anthropologists, ethnographers, historians, philologists) and Amateur historians who studied the North Caucasus, identified, accumulated and analyzed the source base of research, formed historical knowledge about the region. The emergence of various trends in Caucasian studies. Active scientific societies and institutions of Moscow and the North Caucasus, individuals, lovers of antiquity and antiquity for the identification, collection, study and introduction into scientific circulation of sources in the pre-October period was a certain step in the organic incorporation of the North Caucasus into a single socio-cultural space of the country, facilitated inter-ethnic dialogue and understanding between the peoples of the Caucasus and Russia.
In the present authors of this article, the period (early XX century) there were various groups of sources from which the reading public could learn interesting information about the traditional culture of the peoples of Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia and Adygea: bibliography (I. I. Dmitrienko, V. N. Haruzina, E. I. Yakushkin, D. K. Zelenin, D. D. Pagirev, E. D. Felitsyn, V. D. Shamrai, I. M. Pulner, etc.), continuing publications ("Caucasian calendar", "the Collection of materials for description of districts and tribes of Caucasus", "the Collection of information about the Caucasian mountaineers", etc.) materials periodicals ("Terek statements" (Vladikavkaz. 1895-1906), "Terek" (Vladikavkaz, 1906-1917), "Caucasus" (Tbilisi, 1846-1917), "Kazbek" (Vladikavkaz, 1895-1906), "the New review" (Tiflis, 1884-1906), North Caucasus (Stavropol, 1884-1906), "the Kuban regional Vedomosti" (Ekaterinodar, 1871-1917), materials published local intellectual communities, which had a regional focus, articles and essays of scholars on the Caucasus, representatives of the Russian intelligentsia, reference books and guides, etc.
НАДМОГИЛЬНЫЕ ПАМЯТНИКИ ДЕТСКИХ ПОГРЕБЕНИЙ XIV–XV ВВ. ИЗ С. КУБАЧИ: ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДЕКОРАТИВНОЙ ОТДЕЛКИ
Authors: Mammaev Misrikhan M. 
Published: January 2020

В статье публикуются надмогильные памятники XIV–XV вв. детских погребений, выявленные автором в 80-е годы ХХ в. на средневековых мусульманских кладбищах «Бидахъ хуппе» (могилы на той стороне) и «Цицила». Кладбища эти расположены примерно в 1,5–2 км южнее старой части с. Кубачи, на нижнем участке горного склона Цицила, обращенного северной стороной к этому селению. Сравнительно небольшое количество резных надгробий XIV–XV вв. этих кладбищ изучены автором и другими исследователями. Не изученными остаются еще немало декоративно отделанных памятников, в том числе стелы, поставленные на могилы детских погребений. В данной статье стелы эти рассматриваются в сравнительном плане с синхронными декорированными надгробиями погребений взрослых или старых людей, выясняются особенности их декоративной отделки. Отмечается, что на могилы детских погребений ставились у изголовья небольшого размера стелы, отделанные растительным орнаментом. Рельефные арабские надписи, выполненные монументальным почерком «цветущий куфи» и на фоне растительного орнамента на надгробиях детских погребений не встречены. Это одно из значительных отличий, помимо размеров, стел детских погребений от декора памятников захоронений взрослых или старых людей. Причиной этого было, вероятно, то, что на надмогильные плиты небольшого размера невозможно было разместить общепринятые для больших плит погребений взрослых или старых мужчин или женщин эпитафии – шахада «Нет божества кроме Аллаха, Мухаммед его посланник», изречения «Смерть – чаша, каждый пьет из нее, могила – ворота, каждый входит в нее» и т.д., выполненные крупными рельефными буквами. По своим формам надгробия детских погребений аналогичны надгробиям погребений взрослых или старых людей сельской общины. Из десяти описанных памятников из сел. Кубачи на четырех имеются собственные имена погребенных.
Efectos de la contaminación ambiental en la flora y fauna en el cantón La Maná
Authors: Velasteguí López Pablo Homero 
Published: January 2020

Actualmente, en nuestro país observamos a diario como están las ciudades, contaminadas de residuos sólidos, basura, objetos sin vida, así como también existen factores artificiales como la lluvia ácida y la deforestación ya que esto afecta a la contaminación de la flora y fauna en el cantón.
La contaminación en su definición imposibilita el crecimiento de muchas especies vegetales, porque la presencia de sustancias químicas en el suelo altera los procesos vitales de las plantas. No existe una gran variedad de especies, como ocurre en los sectores no urbanos, donde el hombre ha tenido un menor grado de influencia y son menores los niveles de contaminación.
La consecuencia de las actividades industriales y del transporte, contamina la atmósfera, es responsable de la destrucción de grandes bosques, afecta el suelo que se contamina con sustancias ácidas que dificultan o impiden el crecimiento de nuevas especies vegetales, con lo cual se favorece la erosión del suelo.
La contaminación de la flora y fauna ha provocado la destrucción de la biodiversidad en el Planeta. Actualmente en el Ecuador incluyen aproximadamente el 11% de las especies existentes en el mundo y el 30% de las especies enumeradas en América Latina, lo cual en sus datos anteriores era de un 13%.Tabla 1: Flora y fauna contaminada
Actualmente el territorio ecuatoriano recoge 25.000 especies de plantas vasculares. También se ha identificado 2725 especies de orquídeas. El 11% de las especies existentes en el mundo y el 30% de las especies enumeradas en América Latina. Los Andes comprenden 1.050 especies, mientras que 850 fueron inventariados en la región amazónica y a lo largo de la costa.
Las artesanías y su real impacto en el turismo
Authors: Velasteguí López Efraín 
Published: January 2020

La artesanía es un importante recurso para un turismo que gusta de apreciar las expresiones populares del arte en diversos materiales. Por ello, la artesanía de fibra vegetal (arbusto de perlilla) que se realiza en el Ecuador, es un producto cultural y natural que reproduce piezas como venados, canastas, patos y cisnes, pero sobre todo nacimientos, ángeles, trineos y Santa Claus, que son figuras asociadas a la Navidad (periodo del año en el que se venden más estas artesanías).
El binomio recursos naturales y cultura ha sido exitoso en otros países que han visto aumentar los ingresos económicos de sus poblaciones rurales con proyectos que resaltan las peculiaridades culturales de su gente y las bellezas naturales de su entorno. Algunos ejemplos los encontramos en Bahía, donde se promueve el arte y el patrimonio histórico de esta ciudad como reclamo turístico, o el caso de España con una oferta muy amplia de turismo rural basado en lo gastronómico, asociado a fiestas, actos religiosos y eventos sociales, que atrae a numerosos turistas degustadores de la comida tradicional, quienes siguen rutas gastronómicas de productos típicos.
La masificación del turismo se consideró que los únicos que disponían de tiempo libre eran una élite que podía disponer, además, de recursos económicos para practicar el turismo. Hoy en día el fenómeno se ha extendido a todas las clases sociales en mayor o menor medida.
Estrategia pedagógica para el desarrollo de la competencia de autonomía emocional y moral en los estudiantes de Turismo de la Universidad de La Habana
Authors: Valdés Bencomo Yulima Daimet , Martínez Chacón Orietta 
Published: January 2020

El trabajo presenta la elaboración de la Estrategia Pedagógica para el desarrollo de la competencia de autonomía emocional y moral (EPDCAEM) en la formación profesional de estudiantes de turismo de la Universidad de La Habana, se fundamentó en el enfoque histórico cultural del desarrollo humano que sustenta la concepción de enseñanza aprendizaje desarrollador. Resultado que constituyó el objetivo del estudio. La estrategia metodológica seguida fue el enfoque mixto complejo en tres etapas: exploratoria, descriptiva transformadora y transformadora, mediante recursos de la Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP), en los ciclos: planeación, observación, reflexión acción. Se precisa el concepto de competencia de autonomía emocional y moral resultante de la sistematización teórica, al considerar indicadores emergentes desde su desarrollo, mediante procedimientos vigotskianos de diagnóstico actual y potencial, durante la construcción progresiva y verificación de la estrategia, con la participación activa de profesores y estudiantes, desde la disciplina principal integradora, en el proceso formativo. Se concluye sobre el valor del fundamento teórico metodológico asumido, la perspectiva holística e integradora de la EPDCAEM del profesional de turismo y su carácter dinámico, flexible, funcional, transformador, transversal a la instrucción y educación en la formación, desde la ciencia pedagógica.
Pattern and Outcome of Self- Poisoning among Adult population Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Karmaker Madhabi , Azad Khan Abul Kalam , Sarker Partha Sarathi , Tabassum Noshin , Mohanta Debashis 
Published: January 2020

Background: Attempted suicide or deliberate self-harm by self-poisoning among adult males and females are a major public health problem to be addressed like any other medical condition. In recent years, patterns of self-poisoning are changing. So it is important to know about the substances used in self poisoning and its outcome.
Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive type of cross sectional study done in Department of Medicine, Dhaka medical college hospital, Dhaka on100 patients with a history of self-poisoning. Study period was six months. A semi structured questionnaire was used for collection of data.
Results: In our study self-poisoning was more prevalent among young age group with female preponderance. Family disharmony (45%) was the commonest cause of self poisoning and most commonly used substance was pharmaceutical drugs. Anxiolytics were the commonest (42 %), organo phosphorus compound (OPC) 20%, mixed drugs 12%, harpic 11%, rat killer 8%, NSAIDs 3%, Dettol 3% and Wheel powder 1%. Out of 90 patients 91.11% patients recovered completely. Death was observed from OPC poisoning.
Conclusion: Knowing the pattern and outcome of self poisoning may improve the community based support system through which we can combat against self- poisoning.
J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 20-25
Factors Affecting the Non-Adherence to Inhalational Medication in Bronchial Asthma: A Cross Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Sarker Mohammad Abdus Sattar , Salma Umma , Zafrin Nahida , Kashem M A , Deb Sudip Ranjan , Kabir AKM Humayon 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Modern management of bronchial asthma requires prolonged medications to prevent symptoms and airflow limitations. An important issue in proper management of bronchial asthma is adherence to treatment.
Objective: To see the non-adherence rate to inhalational medication in bronchial asthma patient as well as to see the factors responsible for non-adherence. Materials and Method: It was a cross sectional study conducted from 1st September 2017 to 31st March 2018 in Medicine unit of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Hospital (SSMCH).
Result: Among the 136 respondents 70% were male and 30% were female. Non adherent rate was 93.7% for male and 100% for female. High cost of medicine, poor counseling, lack of family support, lack of immediate efficacy, forgetfulness, knowledge on how to use device are the main factors for non-adherence.
Conclusion: The rate of non-adherence is very high amongst the participants. Therefore promoting optimal medication adherences through education, proper counseling is essential to optimize the benefits of treatment
J MEDICINE JAN 2020; 21 (1) : 41-45
Clinical Profile and Underlying Cause of Acute Pancreatitis among a Group of Bangladeshi Patients
Authors: Saifullah ANM , Saha Madhu Sudan , Shil Bimal Chandra , Islam Ali Monsur Md Shariful , Akhter Arifa , Rashid Md Mamun Ur 
Published: January 2020

Introduction:Acute Pancreatitis is a medical emergency, which is one of the most common conditions for hospital admission. Very few studies have yet investigated in Bangladesh. Objective of this study was to define demographic characteristics, clinical profile & underlying etiologies.
Materials and Methods: This hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was performed in Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka & North East Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh from January 2015 to December 2017. One hundred and five consecutive patients of acute pancreatitis (AP) were enrolled for this study. Clinical features and investigations were systematically recorded. Diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was made by the presence of the two of the three following criteria: i. abdominal pain consistent with the disease ii. serum amylase and /or lipase greater than three times from the upper limit of normal, and/or iii. characteristic findings of abdominal imaging.
Results: Total of 105 patients took part in the study, of them 65 were male. The mean age was 42.76 ±15.88. Abdominal pain & vomiting was the most common mode of presentation. Gall stone and hypertriglyceridaemia were responsible of 20% of acute pancreatitis. Ascariasis also causes acute pancreatitis in two patients.
Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis is a condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Ascariasis also causes acute pancreatitis in endemic area. Patients usually respond conservative treatment but endoscopic treatment is effective in few cases. Surgery is rarely required.
Medicine Today 2020 Vol.32(1): 21-24