bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The eastern shores of the Baltic Sea in the Early Holocene according to natural and cultural relict data
Authors: Žulkus Vladas , Girininkas Algirdas 
Published: February 2020

Exploration of the underwater landscape in Lithuanian waters, in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea, allowed identification of trees stumps in growth position, peat sediments, and traces of people that were living in the now flooded landscape. The exploration has been concentrated on localisation of the former Early Holocene coasts. Based on new data about sediment layers of the Preboreal‒Atlantis I, palynological and dendrohronological analysis, identified vegetation species, and dating of wood and peat samples by radiocarbon methods the Baltic Sea water level dynamics during the stages Yoldia Sea‒Early Litorina Sea could be identified. There are traces of the eroded coasts of the Yoldia Sea at a depth of 39–43 m, which were also observed at depths of 44 and 47 m. During the Ancylus Lake transgression, the RF‐I lagoons and small lakes with the peat layer and the surrounding forests were submerged. The water level could have even risen to 10–9 m below present sea level. The water drop during the Ancylus Lake regression is evidenced by a peat layer dated to 9,150–8,520 cal BP, and similar radiocarbon dating of an oak stump. The changes of the species composition of trees are indicative of the noticeable climate changes during the period 11,410–7,900 cal BP. Litorina transgression is marked by a tree stump found at a depth of 14.5 m dated to 7,900–7,660 cal BP. The preference of the Early Holocene population to the coastal zone is evidenced by poles driven into the seabed (one was dated to 9,510–9,460 cal BP) that were detected at a depth of 11 m and the T‐shaped antler axes dated to the Early Neolithic, washed ashore from the Litorina Sea coastal Stone Age settlements.
How protected classes in Medicare Part D influence U.S. drug sales, utilization, and price
Authors: Yarbrough Courtney R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhen the Medicare Part D prescription drug benefit was implemented in 2006, six drug classes were designated “protected classes.” Because responsibility for obtaining favorable drug prices depends on private insurers' abilities to negotiate with pharmaceutical manufacturers using the threat of formulary exclusion, the protected class designation could undermine the insurers' ability to control spending and utilization of drugs in these six classes. I estimate the effect of the protected class policy on U.S. national drug sales, utilization, and price using 2001–2010 IMS Health National Sales Perspectives data and Verispan Vector One: National data and controlling for drug and year fixed effects. I find that protected status beginning in 2006 led to $112–121 million per drug per year higher U.S. sales for drugs in protected classes relative to unprotected drugs. Greater sales were driven by the antidepressant, antipsychotic, anticonvulsant, and antineoplastic classes. Subsequent analyses on a subset of drugs reveal that increases in both price and quantity are responsible for the growth of sales in protected class drugs. These results are important for informing the recent and ongoing deliberation by the Medicare program over whether to remove several classes from protection.
Low‐dimensional metal halide perovskites and related optoelectronic applications
Authors: Zhu Pengchen , Zhu Jia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLow‐dimensional materials have pivotal significance in modern photonic, electronic, and optoelectronic areas due to their unique properties of the scale effect. Metal halide perovskites have revived in the optoelectronic fields recently, drawing intensive attention in photovoltaic devices, light‐emitting diodes, lasers, photodetectors, and so on. Compared to their three‐dimensional counterparts, the role of low‐dimensional perovskites is becoming crucial, requiring a comprehensive understanding and exploration unceasingly. In this review, we examine low‐dimensional perovskite of different forms and clarify various synthesis methods with morphological and dimensional control. Additionally, we also summarize potential optoelectronic applications based on their advantageous optical/electrical properties and enhanced mechanical integrity and stability. Finally, we propose a future perspective and possible developing directions in the exploration of novel perovskite‐derived materials, new physics, and promising applications.image
INFILTRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF FILM HOLE IRRIGATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MULTIPLE FACTORS
Authors: Zhong Yun , Fei Liangjun , Li Yibo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFilm hole irrigation is a new type of film‐mulched irrigation technology. To investigate the influences of five factors—bulk density, initial soil water content, irrigation depth, film hole diameter and infiltration time—on the infiltration characteristics of film hole irrigation, 12 experiments were conducted. The infiltration characteristics considered were the cumulative infiltration (I), infiltration rate (i) and average increment of soil water content (∆θ). Two empirical models were established that describe the relationship of I with ∆θ and various influential factors. The proposed models of I and ∆θ had a root mean square error of 5.82 ml and 0.003 cm3 cm−3, respectively. The results revealed that the effects of initial soil water content and irrigation depth on I were not significant (P > 0.05) and that the ranking of factors according to degree of influence, from large to small, was infiltration time, soil bulk density and film hole diameter. Soil bulk density, initial soil moisture, irrigation depth and film hole diameter had highly significant effects on ∆θ (P < 0.01), and their ranking according to degree of influence, from large to small, was initial moisture content, soil bulk density, irrigation depth and film hole diameter. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Targeting vasculogenic mimicry by phytochemicals: A potential opportunity for cancer therapy
Authors: Haiaty Sanya , Rashidi Mohammad‐Reza , Akbarzadeh Maryam , Maroufi Nazila F. , Yousefi Bahman , Nouri Mohammad 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVasculogenic mimicry (VM) is regarded as a process where very aggressive cancer cells generate vascular‐like patterns without the presence of endothelial cells. It is considered as the main mark of malignant cancer and has pivotal role in cancer metastasis and progression in various types of cancers. On the other hand, resistance to the antiangiogenesis therapies leads to the cancer recurrence. Therefore, development of novel chemotherapies and their combinations is urgently needed for abolition of VM structures and also for better tumor therapy. Hence, identifying compounds that target VM structures might be superior therapeutic factors for cancers treatment and controlling the recurrence and metastasis. In recent times, naturally occurring compounds, especially phytochemicals have obtained great attention due to their safe properties. Phytochemicals are also capable of targeting VM structure and also their main signaling pathways. Consequently, in this review article, we illustrated key signaling pathways in VM, and the phytochemicals that affect these structures including curcumin, genistein, lycorine, luteolin, columbamine, triptolide, Paris polyphylla, dehydroeffusol, jatrorrhizine hydrochloride, grape seed proanthocyanidins, resveratrol, isoxanthohumol, dehydrocurvularine, galiellalactone, oxacyclododecindione, brucine, honokiol, ginsenoside Rg3, and norcantharidin. The recognition of these phytochemicals and their safety profile may lead to new therapeutic agents' development for VM elimination in different types of tumors.
KinCon: Cell‐based recording of full‐length kinase conformations
Authors: Enzler Florian , Tschaikner Philipp , Schneider Rainer , Stefan Eduard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe spectrum of kinase alterations displays distinct functional characteristics and requires kinase mutation‐oriented strategies for therapeutic interference. Besides phosphotransferase activity, protein abundance, and intermolecular interactions, particular patient‐mutations promote pathological kinase conformations. Despite major advances in identifying lead molecules targeting clinically relevant oncokinase functions, still many kinases are neglected and not part of drug discovery efforts. One explanation is attributed to challenges in tracking kinase activities. Chemical probes are needed to functionally annotate kinase functions, whose activities may not always depend on catalyzing phospho‐transfer. Such non‐catalytic kinase functions are related to transitions of full‐length kinase conformations. Recent findings underline that cell‐based reporter systems can be adapted to record conformation changes of kinases. Here, we discuss the possible applications of an extendable kinase conformation (KinCon) reporter toolbox for live‐cell recording of kinase states. KinCon is a genetically encoded bioluminescence‐based biosensor platform, which can be subjected for measurements of conformation dynamics of mutated kinases upon small molecule inhibitor exposure. We hypothesize that such biosensors can be utilized to delineate the molecular modus operandi for kinase and pseudokinase regulation. This should pave the path for full‐length kinase‐targeted drug discovery efforts aiming to identify single and combinatory kinase inhibitor therapies with increased specificity and efficacy.
Implementation and evaluation of comprehensive medication management in telehealth practices
Authors: Badowski Melissa E. , Wright Eric A. , Bainbridge Jacquelyn , Michienzi Sarah M. , Nichols Stephanie D. , Turner Kyle M. , Wicke Christine , Awad John , Thompkins April , Martin Randy D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) endorses comprehensive medication management (CMM) as an essential element of team‐based care and advocates CMM inclusion in value‐based health care reform. Remote delivery of CMM through telehealth platforms is expanding and has the potential to become one of the most common clinical pharmacy services. Building on a previous ACCP publication, “Providing Comprehensive Medication Management in Telehealth,” the 2019 ACCP Clinical Practice Affairs A Committee provides insights and guidance on developing, implementing, evaluating, and improving CMM telehealth practices in this white paper.
Synthesis and discovery of N‐(1‐methyl‐4‐oxo‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐2‐carboxamide derivatives as antimicrobial agents
Authors: Ashok S. R. , Shivananda M. K. , Shet Prakash M. , Sreenivasa S. , Manikandan Alagumuthu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNovel dihydro‐1H‐imidazole‐2‐yl)‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐2‐carboxamides (4a‐l) was achieved using a three‐step synthesis process and evaluated as antimicrobial agents. These compounds were characterized through FTIR, NMR, LCMS and evaluated for DNA gyrase inhibition potentials and antimicrobial properties against Gram‐negative bacteria Escherichia coli (MTCC 443), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 424), Klebsiella pneumoniae MTCC 530 and Gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 3160), Corynebacterium diphtheriae (MTCC 116) and Streptococcus pyogenes (MTCC 442). Excellent DNA gyrase inhibition exhibited by compound 4f (IC50 0.2 μM and relative percentage activity 96.24%). A broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity showed by compounds 4d, 4f and 4 k with a Minimal Inhibitory Constant (MIC) of 1.05, 1.35 and 1.25 μg mL−1, respectively.
Studies on the photocyclization reaction of 8‐styryl‐substituted coralyne derivatives
Authors: Pithan Phil Marvin , Ihmels Heiko 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe photoreactivity of four 8‐styryl‐substituted coralyne derivatives was examined by UV/VIS‐ and 1H‐NMR‐spectroscopy. Except for the dimethylamino‐substituted derivative, these cationic azoniaheterocyclic dyes undergo photocyclization that most likely proceeds through an initial E‐Z‐isomerization of the double bond. Subsequent oxidation of the intermediates under aerobic conditions gave the pyrrolo‐annelated quinolizinium derivatives as final products, thus providing a useful synthetic route to polycyclic azoniahetarene derivatives. The 6‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐substituted pyrroloquinolizinium derivative was isolated on a preparative scale, and the investigation of its photophysical properties revealed significantly red‐shifted absorption (λabs = 465–480 nm) and emission bands (λfl = 550–562 nm) in comparison to the parent coralyne and the styryl‐substituted derivatives.
Targeted Approaches for In Situ Gut Microbiome Manipulation
Authors: Cresci Gail A. M. , Lampe Johanna W. , Gibson Glenn 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe 2019 Dudrick Research Symposium, entitled “Targeted Approaches for In Situ Gut Microbiome Manipulation,” was held on March 25, 2019, at the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) 2019 Nutrition Science & Practice Conference in Phoenix, AZ. The Dudrick Symposium honors the many pivotal and innovative contributions to the development and advancement of parenteral nutrition (PN) made by Dr Stanley J. Dudrick, physician scientist, academic leader, and a founding member of ASPEN. As the 2018 recipient of the Dudrick award, Dr Gail Cresci organized and chaired the symposium. The symposium addressed the evolving field of nutrition manipulation of the gut microbiome as a means to mitigate disease and support health. Presentations focused on (1) the role of prebiotics as a means to beneficially support gut microbiome composition and function and health; (2) designer synbiotics targeted to support metabolic by‐products altered by ethanol exposure and microbial effectors that manipulate host metabolic outcomes; and, lastly, (3) types of intervention designs used to study diet–gut microbiome interactions in humans and a review of findings from recent interventions, which tested the effects of diet on the microbiome and the microbiome's effect on dietary exposures. New molecular techniques and multiomic approaches have improved knowledge of the structure and functional activity of the gut microbiome; however, challenges remain in establishing causal relationships between changes in the gut microbial–community structure and function and health outcomes in humans.
Comparative Survey on Nutrition Risk and Nutrition Support Among Hospitalized General Surgery Patients Over a 7‐Year Period
Authors: Zhou Xue , Wu Xiaona , Deng Bo , Huang Lujiao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn China, the trend of the prevalence of nutrition risk and malnutrition among the patients in hospitals has changed dramatically in the past few years. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of nutrition risk, undernutrition, and the application of nutrition support among hospitalized general surgery patients over a 7‐year period from 2010 to 2017.MethodsA total of 810 consecutive inpatients who met the inclusion criteria upon admission and provided informed consent were recruited from March to December 2017. Nutrition risk was screened using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 tool. All the data collected in 2017 were compared with the data collected in 2010.ResultsThe prevalence of undernutrition among the surgical patients in 2017 (12.8%) was lower than that in 2011 (15.5%) (P < .05), whereas the prevalence of nutrition risk in 2017 (42.6%) was higher than that in 2011 (30.4%) (P < .01). The application of nutrition support, including parenteral nutrition and enteral nutrition, among the patients in 2017 was higher than that in 2010 (P < .05). In 2017, 70.7% of the patients who were at nutrition risk received nutrition support, whereas only 48.9% of patients at nutrition risk did in 2010 (P < .05). Moreover, 26.9% of patients without nutrition risk received nutrition support in 2017 compared with 18.0% of patients in 2010.ConclusionsThe nutrition statuses among surgical inpatients changed from 2010 to 2017. The prevalence of undernutrition was reduced, whereas the prevalence of nutrition risk increased. The application of nutrition support increased significantly, whereas inappropriate application of nutrition support still existed in our hospital. More attention should be paid to the nutrition‐related issues of general surgery inpatients in the future.
Parenteral Nutrition in Moderately Preterm, Otherwise Healthy Neonates Is Not Associated With Improved Short‐Term Growth Outcomes
Authors: Prusakov Pavel , Speaks Sunday , Magers Jacqueline S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundParenteral nutrition (PN) serves a crucial role in providing nutrition to extremely premature infants who are at high risk for malnutrition. However, little is known about the impact of PN on short‐term growth outcomes in moderately preterm infants.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort analysis, patients were included in the study if they were born at ≥32 but <34 weeks gestational age and had no major comorbidities. The primary outcome of this study was to determine whether initiation of early PN for these patients has any effect on daily weight gain compared with standard dextrose‐containing fluids (DCFs). Secondary outcomes were to evaluate the differences in time to regain birth weight, length of stay, and change in weight, length, and head circumference percentiles from birth to discharge. Incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, antibiotic usage, or supplemental oxygen utilization was also evaluated.ResultsThere were 89 patients in the PN group and 35 patients in the DCF group. The mean daily weight gain was not different between PN and DCF groups when calculated from birth to discharge (11.8 vs 10 g/kg/d, respectively; P = .09). There were also no differences when weight gain was calculated from nadir to discharge: 16.8 vs 15.2 g/kg/d, respectively (P = .1). Lack of differences persisted even when propensity matching was performed.ConclusionBased on the study findings, neonates born ≥32 weeks of gestational age without any major comorbidities are unlikely to benefit from PN supplementation.
Optimization extraction and purification of biological activity curcumin from Curcuma longa L by high‐performance counter‐current chromatography
Authors: Pan Yan , Ju Ronghui , Cao Xueli , Pei Hairun , Zheng Tianhao , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe extraction condition of curcumin from Curcuma longa L was optimized through four factors and three levels orthogonal experiment based on the results of single factor tests. Under the optimal conditions: the concentration of ethanol 80%, extraction temperature 70°C, the ratio of liquid to material 20, and extraction time 3 h, a crude extract with the yield of curcumin 56.8 mg/g could be obtained. The isolation and purification of curcuminoids from the crude extract was performed on high performance counter current chromatography employing an optimized solvent system n‐hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (2/3/3/1, v/v/v/v). From 97 mg crude sample (in which the purity of curmumin was 68.56%), 67 mg curmumin, 18 mg demethoxycurcumin, and 9.7 mg bisdemethoxycurcumin with a high‐performance liquid chromatography purity of 98.26, 97.39, and 98.67%, respectively, were obtained within 70 min. The antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity of purified curcumin was comparable to that of the commercial product, indicating that the biological activity of curcumin could be maintained by this method.
Secondary Tracheoesophageal Puncture After Laryngectomy Increases Complications With Shunt and Voice Prosthesis
Authors: Scherl Claudia , Kauffels Julia , Schützenberger Anne , Döllinger Michael , Bohr Christopher , Dürr Stephan , Fietkau Rainer , Haderlein Marlen , Koch Michael , Traxdorf Maximilian , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Müller Sarina , Iro Heinrich 
Published: February 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the demographics, clinical features, management, and prognostic indicators of tracheoesophageal puncture complications in patients undergoing placement of voice prosthesis following cancer treatment.Study DesignRetrospective analysis.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of cases from a tertiary referral center diagnosed between 1996 and 2015. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) and voice prostheses–complication‐free survival (TEP/VP‐CFS).ResultsOne hundred fourteen cases were identified. Most patients were males (92.9%) with pT3 (26.8%) or pT4 (58.1%) N+ (53.6%) tumors. All patients received laryngectomy as the primary treatment, with 75% of patients receiving adjuvant radiation therapy or chemoradiotherapy. Complications with TEP were common (65.2%). The most frequent problem was salivary leakage (50.0%), which at the same time was the most common reason for changing the prosthesis. On univariate regression analysis, prosthesis placement time after adjuvant radiotherapy (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2‐8.69), secondary prosthesis placement after primary surgery (HR: 3.97, 95% CI: 1.99‐7.9), and laryngectomy with flap reconstruction (HR: 1.96, 95% CI: 0.99‐3.89) were significant prognosticators for complications. Multivariate regression analysis revealed secondary prosthesis placement after adjuvant radiotherapy (HR: 3.66, 95% CI: 1.39‐9.68) or after primary surgery (HR: 2.57, 95% CI: 0.92‐7.2) to be the strongest predictors of reduced TEP/VP‐CFS.ConclusionsSecondary prosthesis placement after primary surgery, placement after previous irradiation, and laryngectomy with flap reconstruction are predictors of poor TEP/VP‐CFS. Planned adjuvant radiotherapy is not a contraindication for TEP with prosthetic placement, but it is very important to place the prosthesis during the primary surgery or at least before scheduled radiotherapy.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2020
Soil properties alter plant and microbial communities to modulate denitrification rates in subtropical riparian wetlands
Authors: Ma Lin , Xiong Ziqian , Yao Lunguang , Liu Guihua , Zhang Quanfa , Liu Wenzhi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe capacity of riparian wetlands to remove nitrogen from upland runoff through the denitrification process is mainly controlled by soil properties and biological communities. However, the pathways or mechanisms by which soil properties and biological communities may regulate riparian denitrification rates are still largely unknown. Here, we measured the potential and unamended denitrification rates in sediments from riverine wetlands along a nitrogen‐rich river in subtropical China. We also investigated the plant richness, vegetation cover, and abundance of denitrifying microorganisms in wetland soils. The results show that both potential and unamended denitrification rates presented strong seasonality, and were found to be significantly associated with nitrogen concentration in soils, implying that denitrification process in riparian wetlands is probably nitrogen limited. Moreover, potential and unamended denitrification rates were positively related to denitrifier abundance, plant richness, and vegetation cover. Using structural equation modeling, we found that moisture and nitrogen concentration could influence denitrification rates directly; the indirect effects of these factors on denitrification rates mediated through modulating the structure of plant and microbial communities. These findings suggest that denitrification rates and nitrogen removal capacities in riparian wetlands are jointly modulated by soil properties and biological communities.