bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoresponsive Transistors Based on Lead‐Free Perovskite and Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Liu Zhen , Dai Shilei , Wang Yan , Yang Ben , Hao Dandan , Liu Dapeng , Zhao Yiwei , Fang Lu , Ou Qingqing , Jin Shu , Zhao Jianwen , Huang Jia 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLead‐free perovskite materials are exhibiting bright application prospects in photodetectors (PDs) owing to their low toxicity compared with traditional lead perovskites. Unfortunately, their photoelectric performance is constrained by the relatively low charge conductivity and poor stability. In this work, photoresponsive transistors based on stable lead‐free bismuth perovskites CsBi3I10 and single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are first reported. The SWCNTs significantly strengthen the dissociation and transportation of the photogenerated charge carriers, which lead to dramatically improved photoresponsivity, while a decent Ilight/Idark ratio over 102 can be maintained with gate modulation. The devices exhibit high photoresponsivity (6.0 × 104 A W−1), photodetectivity (2.46 × 1014 jones), and external quantum efficiency (1.66 × 105%), which are among the best reported results in lead‐free perovskite PDs. Furthermore, the excellent stability over many other lead‐free perovskite PDs is demonstrated over 500 h of testing. More interestingly, the device also shows the application potential as a light‐stimulated synapse and its synaptic behaviors are demonstrated. In summary, the lead‐free bismuth perovskite‐based hybrid phototransistors with multifunctional performance of photodetection and light‐stimulated synapse are first demonstrated in this work.
Transparent, Mechanically Strong, Extremely Tough, Self‐Recoverable, Healable Supramolecular Elastomers Facilely Fabricated via Dynamic Hard Domains Design for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Wang Dong , Xu JianHua , Chen JiaoYang , Hu Po , Wang Yang , Jiang Wei , Fu JiaJun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe design and synthesis of supramolecular self‐healing polymers with high healing efficiency and excellent integrated mechanical properties is challenging due to conflicting attributes of dynamic self‐healing and mechanical properties. Herein, this study introduces a design concept, that is, “dynamic hard domains,” to balance self‐healing performance, mechanical strength, elastic recovery, and at the same time obtain extreme toughness. The essential features of the dynamic hard domains include: (i) a noncrystallized and loose structure, (ii) low binding energy and high mobility, and (iii) sequential dissociation and rapid rearrangement. Based on this strategy, a simple one‐step polycondensation route is reported to synthesize a transparent polyurethane‐urea supramolecular elastomer (PPGTD‐IDA), which successfully combines decent mechanical strength, extreme toughness, outstanding notch‐sensitiveness, self‐recoverability, and room‐temperature self‐healing. Upon rupture, the PPGTD‐IDA completely restores the mechanical properties within 48 h. Furthermore, the results demonstrate repeatable healing of mechanical properties and prominent antiaging healability. Taking advantages of merits of PPGTD‐IDA, it can be utilized for fabricating impact‐resistant materials for protection of aluminum alloys as well as stretchable and self‐healing conductors, which exhibits unique characteristics such as stable conductivity during stretching (even after healing or with notch), and automatic elimination of the notch during stretching/releasing cycles.
5‐Aminolevulinic Acid‐Loaded Hyaluronic Acid Dissolving Microneedles for Effective Photodynamic Therapy of Superficial Tumors with Enhanced Long‐Term Stability
Authors: Zhu Jinjin , Dong Liyun , Du Hongyao , Mao Jinzhu , Xie Ying , Wang Hua , Lan Jiajia , Lou Yuchen , Fu Yangxue , Wen Jingjing , Jiang Biling , Li Yuce , Zhu Jintao , Tao Juan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract5‐Aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) is one of the most widely used prodrug in clinical photodynamic therapy of dermatological diseases and cancers; yet, its clinical application is still limited by the shallow skin penetration and unsatisfied stability in any existed formulations. Here, 5‐ALA‐loaded hyaluronic acid dissolving microneedles (5‐ALA@HAMNs) are prepared for photodynamic therapy of superficial tumors. The HAMNs can not only assist the loaded 5‐ALA to effectively penetrate the stratum corneum but also provide 5‐ALA with an acidic and oxygen‐free environment to reduce the dimerization of 5‐ALA molecules via Schiff‐base bonds and formation of inactive pyrazine derivatives, thus maintaining its chemical structure and biological activity. The chemical stability of 5‐ALA in HAMNs is confirmed by UV–vis spectra and mass spectra measurements. The 5‐ALA@HAMNs display remarkable tumor elimination both in vitro and in vivo, even after storage at room temperature for nine months, making it a highly potential device for effective delivery of 5‐ALA in cancer photodynamic therapy.
Macroscopic Visualization of Fast Electrochemical Reaction of SrCoOx Oxygen Sponge
Authors: Yang Qian , Cho Hai Jun , Jeen Hyoungjeen , Ohta Hiromichi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractStrontium cobaltite (SrCoOx) is known as a material showing fast topotactic electrochemical redox reaction so‐called ‘oxygen sponge'. Although atomic scale phenomenon of the oxidation of SrCoO2.5 into SrCoO3 is known, the macroscopic phenomenon has not been clarified yet thus far. Here, the electrochemical oxidation of SrCoOx is visualized macroscopically. SrCoOx epitaxial films with various oxidation states are prepared by the electrochemical oxidation of SrCoO2.5 film into SrCoO3−δ film. Steep decrease of both resistivity and the absolute value of thermopower of electrochemically oxidized SrCoOx epitaxial films indicate the columnar oxidation first occurred along with the surface normal and then spread in the perpendicular to the normal. Further, the phenomena are directly visualized using the conductive atomic force microscopy. This macroscopic imaging of the electrochemical oxidation will be useful to develop a functional device utilizing the electrochemical redox reaction of SrCoOx.
Functionalization of Electrospun Membranes with Polyelectrolytes for Separation of Oil‐In‐Water Emulsions
Authors: Lin Yi Min , Song Chen , Rutledge Gregory C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMembrane fouling in microfiltration of oil‐in‐water emulsions is influenced by electrostatic interaction between the membrane and surfactant‐stabilized emulsions. A method to alter the electrostatic properties of electrospun fiber membranes using layer‐by‐layer (LbL) polyelectrolyte assembly is developed to improve fouling resistance. Plasma pretreatment and successive depositions of polycations and polyanions from solutions are shown to alter the surface charge of electrospun polyamide membranes, while maintaining their interconnected pore structure and high porosity. The LbL composite membranes were challenged by two types of emulsions, stabilized by anionic and cationic surfactants, respectively, in dead‐end and cross‐flow filtrations. When separating emulsions stabilized by anionic surfactants, the permeate flux of the plasma‐treated and polyanion‐coated membranes increased ≈3.2‐fold and ≈2.5‐fold, respectively, compared to that of the as‐electrospun membranes, after 4 h of cross‐flow filtration. When separating emulsions stabilized by cationic surfactants, the permeate flux of the polycation‐coated membrane similarly increased ≈3.3‐fold. Electrostatic repulsion strength is proposed as a metric to quantify this behavior. This work demonstrates the versatility of functionalizing electrospun microfiltration membranes using LbL assembly for the separation of oil‐in‐water emulsions, and suggests a strategy for membrane design to resist fouling based on tuning of the electrostatic interactions.
Single‐Component White‐Light Emission in 2D Hybrid Perovskites with Hybridized Halogen Atoms
Authors: Zhou Guojun , Li Mingze , Zhao Jing , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Zhiguo 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWith single‐component photoinduced white‐light (WL) emission, low‐dimensional hybrid halide perovskites have emerged as a new generation of luminescent materials; however, the effect of halogens on the intrinsic light emissions and the corresponding mechanisms is still unknown. Herein, the investigation of a family of two‐dimensional (2D) hybrid perovskites R2PbBr4−xClx (R = BA+, PMA+, PEA+; x = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) highlights the influence of halogens on intrinsic emission to reveal the dependence of the photoluminescence on the nature and contribution of the halogens. Ultrabroad emissions covering the entire visible‐light region are achieved in the halogen hybrid systems with the stoichiometry of R2PbBr2Cl2 (R = BA+, PMA+, PEA+), showing their potential as single‐component WL phosphors in solid‐state lighting devices. The origin of the WL emissions is the synergistic recombination emission of free excitons and self‐trapped excitons. The ratio of halogens (Br/Cl) is confirmed to be a critical factor to fine‐tune the intrinsic emission properties. This work provides a feasible strategy to achieve single‐component WL emission in 2D hybrid perovskites, and proposes a method for regulating halogen contents for optimizing luminescent properties.
Integrated “Hot Spots”: Tunable Sub‐10 nm Crescent Nanogap Arrays
Authors: Zhang Wei , Gu Panpan , Wang Zengyao , Ai Bin , Zhou Ziwei , Zhao Zhiyuan , Li Chunguang , Shi Zhan , Zhang Gang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPlasmonic crescent nanogap arrays (CNGAs) integrated by nanoscale gaps and nanotips exhibit strong capability of light confinement and thus lead to extremely electric field enhancement. The CNGAs with tunable gap‐width are fabricated via a low‐cost and simple process combining colloidal lithography and nanoskiving techniques. Incident light is captured in the nanogaps and at the two tips of nanocrescent, where extremely strong electric fields are excited. The strong electric fields lead to greatly enhanced surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) performance with typical enhancement factor of 8 and 360 times in comparison with the crescent gold nanoparticles and linear gold nanowire, and the SERS enhancement factor at CNGAs with G = 1 nm is up to about 6.04 × 108. The CNGAs with strong electric fields and remarkable SERS signals are promising to advance the applications of optical filters, surface‐enhancement spectroscopies, nonlinear optics, single‐molecule analysis, and nanolasing.
Iridium Supported on Phosphorus‐Doped Porous Organic Polymers: Active and Recyclable Catalyst for Acceptorless Dehydrogenation and Borrowing Hydrogen Reaction
Authors: Yao Wei , Duan Zheng‐Chao , Zhang Yilin , Sang Xinxin , Xia Xiao‐Feng , Wang Dawei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIridium‐on‐phosphorus‐doped porous organic polymers (POP−Ir) were developed by anchoring simple iridium onto the skeleton of porous organic polymers through coordination bonds. This POP−Ir catalyst, which was thoroughly characterized by means of EDS, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, and FT‐IR, revealed excellent catalytic activity for the reaction of diphenyl phosphinamide with benzyl alcohols through borrowing hydrogen strategy and acceptorless dehydrogenation with wide functional group tolerance. Moreover, this POP−Ir catalyst could be simply recovered and reused for at least five times without a significant loss of activity, and revealed considerable application prospects. The mechanism was investigated to further understand this POP−Ir catalytic system and transformations. Overall, the POP−Ir catalytic system has shown high activity and reusability in the borrowing hydrogen reaction between diphenyl phosphinamides and benzyl alcohols.magnified image
The value of serum CA19‐9 in predicting primary sclerosing cholangitis in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Shirazi Kourosh M. , Hosseinzadeh Yasaman , Nourpanah Zahra , Shirazinezhad Arman M. , Nikniaz Zeinab 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn the present study, we postulated that using CA19‐9 in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients may be a useful method for the screening of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Considering the presence of other extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) in IBD such as arthritis that may associate with the elevated level of CA19‐9, in the present study we aimed to compare the CA19‐9 level in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with PSC or other EIMs and also evaluate the value of CA19‐9 in the detection of PSC in UC patients. In the present cross‐sectional study, 192 patients with UC were selected. EIMs were diagnosed based on patients recall and after a thorough physical examination. PSC was diagnosed by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography by expert gastroenterologist and radiologist. Serum level of CA19‐9 was measured using chemiluminescent enzyme immunometric assay. About 6.77% of participants had PSC and 24.47% of them had other EIMs. The results showed that the CA19‐9 level in patients with PSC (median [interquartile range (IQR)]: 93 [10‐125]) was significantly higher than that of patients diagnosed with other EIMs (median [IQR]: 11 [6‐17.30]) or with no EIMs (median [IQR]: 7.15 [4.82‐11.00]). CA19‐9 value of >75 U/mL could predict PSC by the sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 99% with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.83 in UC patients and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) > 299.5 could predict PSC with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99% and AUC of 0.99. In addition, 23.07% of PSC patients had CA19‐9 level of >129 U/mL. According to the results, ALP had higher sensitivity and specificity for the screening of PSC compared to CA19‐9 in UC patients. Moreover, 23.07% of PSC patients had CA19‐9 level of >129 U/mL. So it could be concluded that cut‐off of >129 U/mL may not be an accurate cut‐off for the diagnosis of CCA in IBD patients.
Diversification and independent polyploid origins in the disjunct species Alyssum repens from the Southeastern Alps and the Carpathians
Authors: Melichárková Andrea , Španiel Stanislav , Marhold Karol , Hurdu Bogdan‐Iuliu , Drescher Anton , Zozomová‐Lihová Judita 
Published: October 2019

PremiseDisjunct distributions have been commonly observed in mountain plant species and have stimulated phylogeographic and phylogenetic research. Here we studied Alyssum repens, a member of the polyploid species complex A. montanum−A. repens, which exhibits SE Alpine‐Carpathian disjunctions with a large elevational span and consists of diploid and tetraploid populations. We aimed to investigate the species‘ genetic and cytotype structure in the context of its distribution patterns, to elucidate the polyploid origins and to propose an appropriate taxonomic treatment.MethodsWe combined AFLP fingerprinting markers, sequence variation of the highly repetitive ITS region of rDNA and the low‐copy DET1 nuclear gene, genome size, and morphometric data.ResultsWe identified four geographically structured genetic lineages. One consisted of diploid populations from the foothills of the Southeastern Alps and neighboring regions, and the three others were allopatric montane to alpine groups comprising diploids and tetraploids growing in the Southeastern Carpathians and the Apuseni Mts. in Romania.ConclusionsWe inferred a vicariance scenario associated with Quaternary climatic oscillations, accompanied by one auto‐ and two allopolyploidization events most likely involving a northern Balkan relative. Whereas genetic differentiation and allopatric distribution would favor the taxonomic splitting of this species, the genetic lineages largely lack morphological distinguishability, and their ecological, cytotype and genome size divergence is only partial. Even though we probably face here a case of incipient speciation, we propose to maintain the current taxonomic treatment of Alyssum repens as a single, albeit variable, species.
Growth patterns for untreated individuals with MPS I: Report from the international MPS I registry
Authors: Viskochil David , Clarke Lorne A. , Bay Luisa , Keenan Hillary , Muenzer Joseph , Guffon Nathalie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis Type I (MPS I), caused by deficiency of α‐L‐iduronidase results in progressive, multisystemic disease with a broad phenotypic spectrum including patients with severe (Hurler syndrome) to attenuated (Hurler–Scheie and Scheie syndromes) disease. Disordered growth is common with either phenotype. The study objectives were to construct sex‐ and age‐specific estimated length/height and head circumference growth curves for untreated individuals with severe and attenuated disease and compare them with clinical reference standards. Untreated individuals in the MPS I Registry with at least one observation for length/height and/or head circumference and assigned phenotype as of May 2017 were included. Median growth for 463 untreated individuals with severe disease deviated from reference growth curves by ~6 months of age and fell below the third percentile by 4 years of age. Median head circumference was above reference curves from 3 to 4 months through 3 years of age. Among 207 individuals with untreated attenuated disease, median height fell below the third percentile by 9 years of age with divergence from reference curves by 2 years of age. MPS I‐specific growth curves will be useful in evaluation of long‐term outcomes of therapeutics interventions and will provide a foundation for understanding the pathogenesis of skeletal disease in MPS I.
Die Stabilisierung von Vinylkationen durch Silicium erlaubt eine formale, metallfreie α‐Arylierung von Alkylketonen
Authors: Pons Amandine , Michalland Jean , Zawodny Wojciech , Chen Yong , Tona Veronica , Maulide Nuno 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDie Fähigkeit des Siliciums Vinylkationen zu stabilisieren führt zu einer Redoxarylierung von Alkinen, in der die strikte Limitierung von Reaktivität und Regioselektivität von alkyl‐substituierten Alkinen aufgehoben wird. Das erlaubt die Synthese einer Reihe von α‐Silyl‐α′‐arylketonen unter milden Bedingungen in guten bis exzellenten Ausbeuten und mit einer hohen Toleranz gegenüber anderen funktionellen Gruppen. Die Silicium‐Gruppe kann entweder für eine formale Monoarylierung von Aceton entfernt oder für weitere elektrophile Substitutionen auf beiden Seiten der Carbonyl‐Gruppe verwendet werden.
Wasseraufreinigung und Mikroplastik‐Entferung durch magnetische Polyoxometallat‐unterstützte ionische Flüssigphasen (magPOM‐SILPs)
Authors: Misra Archismita , Zambrzycki Christian , Kloker Gabriele , Kotyrba Anika , Anjass Montaha H. , Franco Castillo Isabel , Mitchell Scott G. , Güttel Robert , Streb Carsten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFiltration ist eine etablierte Wasserreinigungstechnologie. Aufgrund der niedrigen Durchflussraten ist jedoch die Reinigung großer Wassermengen meist unpraktisch. Hier berichten wir über einen alternativen Reinigungsprozess, bei dem magnetische Nanopartikel‐Komposite genutzt werden, um organische, anorganische, mikrobielle und Mikroplastik‐Vernunreinigungen aus Wasser zu entfernen. Das Komposit besteht aus einer Polyoxometallat‐ionischen Flüssigkeit (POM‐IL), die auf magnetische, mikroporöse Kern‐Schale‐Fe2O3‐SiO2‐Partikel adsorbiert wurde, um eine magnetische POM‐unterstützte ionische Flüssigphase (magPOM‐SILP) zu bilden. Die effiziente, häufig quantiative Entfernung verschiedener Oberflächenwasser‐Schadstoffe sowie die einfache Rückgewinnung der Partikel durch einen Permanentmagneten wird beschrieben. Die Feinabstimmung der Kompositbestandteile könnte zu neuen Materialien für zentrale und dezentrale Wasseraufreinigung führen.
Live‐Cell Localization Microscopy with a Fluorogenic and Self‐Blinking Tetrazine Probe
Authors: Werther Philipp , Yserentant Klaus , Braun Felix , Kaltwasser Nicolai , Popp Christoph , Baalmann Mathis , Herten Dirk‐Peter , Wombacher Richard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRecent developments in fluorescence microscopy call for novel small‐molecule‐based labels with multiple functionalities to satisfy different experimental requirements. A current limitation in the advancement of live‐cell single‐molecule localization microscopy is the high excitation power required to induce blinking. This is in marked contrast to the minimal phototoxicity required in live‐cell experiments. At the same time, quality of super‐resolution imaging depends on high label specificity, making removal of excess dye essential. Approaching both hurdles, we present the design and synthesis of a small‐molecule label comprising both fluorogenic and self‐blinking features. Bioorthogonal click chemistry ensures fast and highly selective attachment onto a variety of biomolecular targets. Along with spectroscopic characterization, we demonstrate that the probe improves quality and conditions for regular and single‐molecule localization microscopy on live‐cell samples.
Preparation and rheological investigation of tough PAAm hydrogel by adding branched polyethyleneimine
Authors: Guan Yinyan , Wang Li , Cui Li , Shen Xinjun , Gao Weichun , Meng Jing , Li Dan , Shen Chenguang , Zhang Yichen , Hu Guodong , Liang Jiyan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn this article, tough hydrogels are prepared by introducing the polyethyleneimine (PEI) with branched structure and a large number of NH2 and NH groups into permanently crosslinked polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogels matrix. To investigate the effects of B‐PEI and chemical crosslinking agent (Bis) on the strength and toughness of hydrogels, a series of B‐PEI/PAAm hydrogels with different mass percentage of Bis and B‐PEI were manufactured and the rheological and swelling properties were compared. For all hydrogels, the storage modulus (G′) was much higher than the loss modulus (G″) in the linear viscoelastic region through the whole frequency range. The solid‐like behavior and elastic nature (G′ > G″) are attributed to the permanent covalence crosslinking. Therefore, G′ increased when more Bis was added. For the nonlinear oscillatory shear measurement, hydrogels with B‐PEI broke at larger γ than the pure PAAm hydrogels, indicating that the toughness of B‐PEI/PAAm hydrogels has been improved by introducing B‐PEI. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48541.
Electrospun cellulose acetate/P(DMDAAC‐AM) nanofibrous membranes for dye adsorption
Authors: Xu Qing , Peng Jing , Zhang Weixing , Wang Xuejun , Lou Tao 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn recent years, organic nanofibrous membranes have received more attention because of their excellent performance in wastewater treatment. In this study, the soluble poly(dimethyldiallylammonium chloride‐acrylamide) (P(DMDAAC‐AM)) was first synthesized by aqueous copolymerization. Afterward, cellulose acetate (CA)/P(DMDAAC‐AM) composite nanofibrous membranes were electrospun and utilized to remove acid black 172 from simulated wastewater. When the proportion of P(DMDAAC‐AM) to CA was 20, 30, and 40 wt %, the equilibrium adsorption capacities were 116, 159, and 192 mg g−1, respectively. The adsorption capacity of CA/P(DMDAAC‐AM) composite nanofibrous membrane showed a well linear relationship with the average fiber diameter. When the average fiber diameter was 185 nm, the adsorption capacity of 231 mg g−1 was achieved. The adsorption kinetics of CA/P(DMDAAC‐AM) membranes with various fiber diameters was all consistent with the pseudo‐second‐order model. The rate‐limiting step was primarily controlled by chemisorption. The adsorption isothermal data fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model. The prepared CA/P(DMDAAC‐AM) nanofibrous membrane was effective to remove the acid black 172 in the environmental interested pH range of 4.0–10.0. As an effective dye adsorbent, CA/P(DMDAAC‐AM) nanofibrous membrane shows wide application prospect with its excellent adsorption performance. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48565.