bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Engineering Multiresponsive Alginate/PNIPAM/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite Hydrogels as On‐Demand Drug Delivery Platforms
Authors: Li Bo‐Yan , Lin Tung‐Yi , Lai Yi‐Jhen , Chiu Ting‐Hsiang , Yeh Yi‐Cheun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSecond near‐infrared (NIR‐II) responsive hydrogels have shown significant potential in biomedical applications due to their excellent remote actuation property and the high tissue penetrations of the NIR‐II light. Nevertheless, hydrogels with a single NIR‐II light response may not meet the diverse requirements and complex conditions of clinical applications. Here, a novel multi‐responsive nanocomposite hydrogel with enhanced suitability for controlled drug release is developed. This nanocomposite hydrogel is constructed by combining alginate dialdehyde (ADA), polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), and phenylboronic acid‐modified polyethyleneimine (PBA‐PEI) functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (PP‐CNT) through the formation of dynamic covalent bonds (i.e., imine bonds and boronate ester bonds), forming ADA/PEI/PNIPAM/PP‐CNT (APN/PP‐CNT) hydrogel. PNIPAM is incorporated into the hydrogel network to facilitate drug release triggered by its aggregation when subjected to the high temperatures produced by NIR‐II light irradiation. The dynamic covalent bonds and CNT in the network provide the APN/PP‐CNT nanocomposite hydrogels with responsiveness to multiple stimuli, including pH, hydrogen peroxide, temperature, and NIR‐II light. The APN/PP‐CNT nanocomposite hydrogel performs effective NIR‐II light responsiveness in both in vitro and in vivo drug release, highlighting its potential as a promising drug delivery platform.
Plasmonic Hot‐Carrier Engineering at Bimetallic Nanoparticle/Semiconductor Interfaces: A Computational Perspective
Authors: Mani Mani , Mariandry Kevin , Ghorpade Uma V. , Saha Sankhadip , Kokate Ravindra , Mishra Rishabh , Nielsen Michael P. , Tilley Richard , Xie Bingqiao , Suryawanshi Mahesh P. , Kumar Priyank V. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPlasmonic catalysis employs plasmonic metals such as Ag, Au, Cu, and Al, typically in combination with semiconductors, to drive diverse redox chemical reactions. These metals are good at harnessing sunlight, owing to their strong absorption cross‐sections and tunable absorption peaks within the visible range of the solar spectrum. Unfortunately, facilitating plasmon‐induced hot‐carrier separation and subsequently harvesting them to improve catalytic efficiencies has been a problem at monometallic particle‐semiconductor interfaces. To overcome this issue, this perspective focuses on recent computational methods and studies to discuss the advantages of designing bimetallic particles (core‐shell or core‐satellite), with a plasmonic‐metal core and a less‐plasmonic‐metal shell on top, and coupling them with semiconductors. The aim of this approach is to favorably modify the interface between the plasmonic‐metal particle and the semiconductor by introducing a thin section of a non‐plasmonic metal in between. This approach is expected to enhance hot‐carrier separation at the interface, preventing fast electron–hole recombination within the plasmonic‐metal particle. Through a careful design of such bimetal/semiconductor configurations, by varying the size and composition of the non‐plasmonic metal for example, and through appropriate utilization of quantum‐mechanical modeling and experimental techniques, it is anticipated that plasmonic hot‐carrier generation and separation processes can be studied and controlled in such systems, thereby enabling more‐efficient plasmonic devices.
Hollow Mn/Co‐MOF as a Powerful Oxidase‐Like Nanozyme for Detection of Total Antioxidant Capacity and Black Tea Fermentation Degree
Authors: Liang Ting , Huang Yali , Yang Leiwenxuan , Chai Yunfeng , Hao Zhenxia , Chen Hongping , Ma Guicen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe detection of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in teas and its vital indicator for monitoring the fermentation degree during black tea processing are of great significance for intelligent manufacturing of the tea industry. Here, highly dispersed manganese species on Co‐MOF with hollow structures (HS‐Mn/Co‐MOF) nanozyme with superior oxidase‐like activity is constructed for colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid (AA) and TAC. Owing to the Mn doping and unique hollow structures, the HS‐Mn/Co‐MOF nanozyme possesses more surface active oxygen species, negative surface charges and rapid mass transport, thus resulting in 20‐times higher catalytic activity and 30‐times higher reaction rate than that of pure Co‐MOF. Thanks to the remarkable oxidase‐like catalytic activity, the HS‐Mn/Co‐MOF nanozyme‐based colorimetric sensor exhibits a wide linear range of 0.01–120 µm, along with a low detection limit of 3 nm for AA detection. Additionally, the determination of TAC levels in real tea samples is further achieved and different tea types can be effectively distinguished by utilizing HS‐Mn/Co‐MOF nanozyme. Identification and prediction of the fermentation quality during the black tea fermentation process using nanozyme combined with machine learning are realized for the first time.
Mn0.75Ru0.25O2 with Low Ru Concentration for Active and Durable Acidic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Zhou Daojin , Chang Yuxin , Tang Jialun , Ou Pengfei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRuthenium has emerged as a promising alternative to iridium in water‐splitting anodes. However, it becomes overoxidized and dissolves at industry‐relevant working conditions. To enhance the activity and stability of electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction, an isostructural rutile MnRu oxide with low Ru concentration (Mn0.75Ru0.25O2) is synthesized and an asymmetric Mn‐O‐Ru dual‐site active center is developed. It exhibits 154 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 and can operate stably at 200 mA cm−2 for 670 h with a degradation rate of 29 uV/h−1. A proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer achieves stable operation at 1 A cm−2 for 700 h with a degradation rate of 53 uV h−1. Structural analysis and isotopic labeling correlate the asymmetric nature of the Mn‐O‐Ru dual‐site active center, which facilitates the oxygen evolution reaction along the radical coupling pathway, with the stabilization of the cations and the lattice oxygen in isostructural rutile Mn0.75Ru0.25O2.
Effects of Li+ Solvation Structures on Aluminum Corrosion in Ether‐Based Electrolyte Solutions with Lithium Bis(Fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI)
Authors: Jang Taegyu , Cho Seon Yeong , Kim Jaegeol , Choi Eunjin , Holzmann Simone L. , Krewer Ulrike , Shin Hyeyoung , Byon Hye Ryung 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) is widely used in lithium‐metal batteries to form a stable lithium fluoride (LiF)‐based solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). However, the FSI⁻ itself fails to create a protective passivation layer on aluminum (Al) current collectors, leading to Al3⁺ dissolution and severe corrosion. While fluorinated ether solvents have shown promise in mitigating Al corrosion, the mechanisms remain unclear. Here, the role of cation solvations and ion pairing structures is shown in corrosion mitigation. 2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoro‐1,4‐dimethoxybutane (FDMB), a 1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethyl‐2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE)/1,2‐dimethoxyethane (DME) mixture, and non‐fluorinated ethers are evaluated in 1 m LiFSI. FDMB promoted the formation of AlF₃ while preventing corrosion under extreme conditions (e.g., 4.5 V vs Li/Li⁺, 60 °C). Electrochemical and DFT analyses showed that FDMB underwent favorable defluorination in coordination with both Li⁺ and Al3⁺ that arose from the oxidizing Al surface. Meanwhile, the formation of aggregated ion pairs between Li+ and FSI⁻ inhibited the generation of soluble Al3+ species coordinated with FSI−. Modifying FDMB with alkyl chains further enhanced the anti‐corrosive effects by reducing the solubility of Al3+ species. In contrast, DME/TTE exhibited more Al corrosion, similar to tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME), due to less favorable defluorination by the limited solvation of Li+ and Al3+ on TTE.
Synergistic Photoelectric/Photothermal Effects Guided Ion Transport for Enhancing Multiple Climatic Osmotic Energy Conversion Efficiency
Authors: Huang Haocun , Zhang Xiao , Huang Xiaoyu , Sun Kexin , Chen Sheng , Xu Yanglei , Xu Feng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOsmotic energy, also called blue energy, promotes sustainable energy development. Nanofluidic membranes constructed from various nanomaterials applied in reverse electrodialysis play an important role in enhancing the effective osmotic energy conversion. The fabrication of g‐C3N4 modified MXene/regenerated cellulose composite nanofluidic membranes is developed. Optimization of advanced membrane structure not only designed a well‐ordered layer arrangement resulting in low membrane impedance but also enabled photoelectric/photothermal guided ion transport to promote energy conversion. The photoelectric effect promoted the separation of electrons and holes between g‐C3N4 and MXene to form a local electric field, causing the output current of thenanofluidic membrane‐based reverse electrodialysis to jump sharply from 17 µA to a peak current of 28 µA (no light to light) and increasing the power density from 0.9 W m−2 to 4.3 W m−2. After 1200 s of illumination, the MXene channel created an inhomogeneous temperature gradient that triggered ion transport driven by thermal osmosis through the photothermal effect, resulting in an excellent output power density of 5.9 W m−2. Photoelectric/photothermal enhanced osmotic energy harvesting over multiple climate changes. Thus, this work expands the way of photoelectric/photothermal guided ion transport to enhance the conversion of osmotic energy into electrical energy.
Controllable Growth of Wafer‐Scale Te1‐xSex Thin Films Based on Selenium Phase Change‐Induced Strategy for Single‐Pixel Imaging
Authors: Lu Xuemei , Hao Yulong , Hao Shijie , Zhang Shiwei , Zhou Huan , Lu Yunbo , Zhou Jie , Yu Yongqiang , Hao Guolin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRecently, Te1‐xSex films have shown significant potential for infrared detection. However, the conventional deposition process of Te1‐xSex films typically requires a cooled substrate, which results in the formation of poorly crystallized materials. Achieving controlled synthesis of large‐area Te1‐xSex films remains a major challenge. Herein, two‐inch Te1‐xSex films is successfully prepared using a low‐pressure chemical vapor deposition technique based on a selenium phase transition‐induced strategy. The chemical compositions of Te1‐xSex (x ranging from 0 to 1) films can be precisely controlled by adjusting the molar ratio of Te and Se powders. The phase change of amorphous Se at elevated temperatures generates additional dangling bonds on its surface, which facilitates the incorporation of Te atoms into Se chains forming Te1‐xSex alloys. COMSOL simulations reveal that maintaining uniform concentration and temperature during the growth process is essential for the formation of Te1‐xSex films. Importantly, the Te0.4Se0.6 film detector realizes high‐performance near‐infrared single‐pixel imaging with a resolution of 128 × 128 pixels. This work has fabricated wafer‐scale Te1‐xSex alloy thin films, which exhibit excellent properties, providing important experimental and theoretical support for exploring the applications in the fields of electronics, photonics, and optoelectronics.
High Incidence and Impact of Suspected Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Patients Post‐Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single‐Center Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Launspach Michael , Mindermann Aurika , Schulz Joachim , Alasfar Lina , Cyrull Sandra , Zirngibl Felix , Oevermann Lena , Künkele Annette , Deubzer Hedwig E. , von Bernuth Horst , Pruß Axel , Lang Peter , Bufler Philip , Eggert Angelika , von Stackelberg Arend , Schulte Johannes H. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTExocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is suspected but remains understudied in immunosuppressed conditions such as post‐hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This prospective observational study aimed to investigate the incidence, impact, and risk factors of EPI in a cohort of 83 pediatric and young adult patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT at Charité ‐ Universitätsmedizin Berlin between 2020 and 2023. Fecal pancreatic elastase (PE) measurements and transabdominal ultrasound were utilized to evaluate pancreatic function over a one‐year period. Secondary analysis explored the association of EPI with clinical complications and included a multivariable regression analysis of potential risk factors. Low PE levels significantly correlated with pathological pancreatic imaging findings, independent of concurrent diarrhea. EPI was suspected in 45% (32/71) of patients (95%CI: [34.1%, 56.6%]), with 29% (13/45) (95%CI: [17.7%, 43.4%]) showing signs of prolonged EPI (pEPI) lasting at least 8 weeks. After excluding cases with confounding factors such as missing enteral nutrition and diarrhea, the cumulative incidence of prolonged EPI was 20% (8/41) (95%CI: 10.2%–34.0%) in the overall cohort. EPI was associated with weight loss, prolonged dependence on parenteral nutrition, and extended hospitalizations. Adenovirus (ADV) infection emerged as a significant risk factor for EPI (hazard ratio 3.22 [95%CI:1.26–8.2], p = 0.014), along with additional factors such as higher BMI pre‐HSCT, pre‐existing pancreatic damage and early post‐HSCT fasting. The persistence of pancreatic atrophy and EPI beyond two years post‐HSCT in individual cases suggests a potential for permanent pancreatic damage. This study underscores that EPI is a common complication following HSCT, with ADV infection being an important risk factor. The findings support routine PE measurements and early initiation of pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), alongside aggressive treatment of ADV infections. Further research is necessary to evaluate the effects of PERT in this population and to explore the applicability of these findings in other immunosuppressed groups.
Microwave‐enhanced Fe0/PDS system for treating refractory organic matter in biotreated landfill leachate effluent
Authors: Fang Feiyan , Luo Xi , Li Qibin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe effluent produced from treating landfill leachate via biological methods still contains a large amount of refractory organic matter and needs to be further treated. In this study, we used a microwave‐enhanced zero‐valent iron/peroxydisulfate (MW/Fe0/PDS) system for the further treatment of biotreated landfill leachate effluent (BTLE). We investigated the efficiency and mechanism of removing refractory organic matter from BTLE. The results show that under the conditions of MW = 240 W, [PDS]0 = 40 mM, [Fe0]0 = 10 mM, and t = 12 min, the MW/Fe0/PDS system best removed organic matter in the BTLE. The removal rates of UV absorbance at 254 nm, color number, and total organic carbon reached 76.94%, 93.50%, and 63.08%, respectively. The aromaticity, degree of humification, molecular weight, and degree of polymerization of the organic matter decreased significantly. The surface morphology and elemental valence analysis of Fe0 before and after the reaction revealed that iron‐based oxides (i.e., Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeOOH, and Fe (OH)3) formed on the surface of Fe0. The refractory organic matter was removed by homogeneous and heterogeneous Fenton‐like reactions and the adsorption–precipitation of iron‐based colloids. The thermal and nonthermal effects of MW promoted direct PDS decomposition, accelerated the formation of Fe2+ on the surface of Fe0, promoted the redox cycle of Fe3+/Fe2+, and generated more sulfate radicals (SO4•−). Together, these effects improved the removal efficiency of refractory organic matter. The results of this study can serve as a theoretical basis for the use of the MW/Fe0/PDS system to treat refractory organic matter in BTLE.Practitioner Points
A microwave‐enhanced Fe0/PDS system is effective for removing organic matter from landfill leachate.
Colored and fluorescent organic matter in the landfill leachate was efficiently degraded.
Heterogeneous and homogeneous effects Fenton reactions are involved in the system.
Associations of screen time and physical activity with suicidality in adolescents: a national cohort study
Authors: Rasmussen Rose Marie Wilkens , Strandberg-Larsen Katrine , Danielsen Stine , Nordentoft Merete , Erlangsen Annette , Madsen Trine 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Evidence linking screen time and physical activity with suicidality among adolescents is inconsistent. Our objective was to examine longitudinal associations between screen time and physical activity with suicidality among Danish adolescents.

Methods
Self-reported data on daily screen time and physical activity at age 11 was obtained from 28 613 adolescents (60% females) who participated in the Danish National Birth Cohort and linked to information on suicidality at age 18, based on self-reports and register data. Adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRR) were estimated using multinomial logistic regressions, while accounting for parental socio-demographics, psychiatric history and child risk behaviours.

Results
High levels of daily screen time (≥ 6 h) were reported by 6.9% and 12.6% of females and males, respectively. This was associated with suicidal ideation in females (aRRR:1.67, 95% CI:1.44–1.93) and suicide attempt in both sexes (females: aRRR:2.04 [1.51–2.75], males: aRRR:3.61 [1.89–6.89]) when compared to adolescents with < 2 h of daily screen time. Low levels of physical activity were reported by respectively 13.4% and 14.8% of females and males and was associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation (females: aRRR:2.18, [95% CI:1.94–2.44], males: aRRR:2.11 [1.83–2.43]) and suicide attempt (females: aRRR:2.27, [1.77–2.91], males: aRRR:2.49 [1.61–3.85]) when compared with those with the highest level. Independently of screen time level, males with low physical activity had higher risk for suicide attempt compared to males with a high level of physical activity.

Conclusion
High levels of screen time and low levels of physical activity were associated with an increased risk of suicidality among adolescents.
Recurrence patterns in pediatric intracranial ependymal neoplasm: a systematic imaging work-up
Authors: Stock Annika , Krumma Judith , Fleischhack Gudrun , Tippelt Stephan , Rink Lydia , Pietsch Torsten , Mynarek Martin , Obrecht-Sturm Denise , Rutkowski Stefan , Pfister Stefan M. , Sturm Dominik , Pajtler Kristian W. , Schüller Ulrich , Timmermann Beate , Kortmann Rolf-Dieter , Bison Brigitte , Pham Mirko , Warmuth-Metz Monika 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Currently, the different types of ependymal neoplasm (EPN) are defined by anatomical localization and genetics. This retrospective multicenter study aimed to analyze the imaging patterns of both local and distant recurrences in supratentorial (ST) and posterior fossa (PF) EPN.

Methods
We exclusively evaluated patients with recurrent EPN. To form the basis for follow-up evaluations the imaging characteristics for ST-EPN and PF-EPN were assessed and compared to each other. Follow-up assessments included the idenTIFFication of local recurrent tumors, leptomeningeal dissemination, secondary intraparenchymal lesions, and extraneural metastases. MR-signal characteristics of local recurrent tumors were compared to the primary tumor.

Results
The imaging series included 73 patients (median age at diagnosis 4.6 years; 56 PF-EPN). Recurrences were observed at up to five time points, with a total of 145 recurrence events documented. At first recurrence most PF-EPN recurred locally (29/56), while ST-EPN relapsed by intracranial dissemination (9/17). Local recurrent tumor grew fast and differed in up to one-fifth from the primary (13.2% lower T2-signal, 14.6% brighter T1-signal, 19% less contrast-enhancement). Leptomeningeal dissemination in ST-EPN is mainly restricted to intracranial (90.5%) while PF-EPN more frequently present with spinal spread (45.7%). Transient post-radiogenic lesions (n = 2) and secondary malignancies (n = 2) were rare. Extraneural metastases (n = 3) were found mainly near the surgical access.

Conclusion
Recurrences can occur multiple times in EPN patients, and the recurrence patterns differ between ST-EPN and PF-EPN. Imaging characteristics of local recurrences can differ from the primary tumor which is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
Examining Preschool Educators’ Beliefs About Authentic Early Writing Experiences
Authors: Papadopoulos Isaak , Hall Anna H. , Sekoulla Denitsa , Gao Qianyi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study explores the pivotal role of authentic writing experiences in early childhood education by examining preschool educators' beliefs. Utilizing a comprehensive questionnaire, data were gathered from a diverse group of preschool educators, revealing their perspectives on the significance of authentic writing. The research highlights the importance of self-expression, creativity, and communication in children's writing and drawing over accuracy and perfection. Key developmental indicators identified include communication skills, creativity, letter and shape recognition, and motor skills. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the importance of authentic written language in early education, advocating for educational practices and educator training that prioritize developmental milestones and holistic learning experiences.
Supporting Choices for Educational Robotics Tools for Early Childhood Settings: Considerations, Characteristics, and Categories
Authors: van Rooyen Annèl , Callaghan Ronel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Educational robotics offers opportunities to young learners in early childhood settings (three to nine years) to learn with robots, whether screen-free or screen-based. Due to the vast variety of educational robotics tools available, educational practitioners need decision support to choose appropriate tools. The task of finding, acquiring and using educational robotics tools for early childhood settings is influenced by material and usage access issues associated with the digital divide. This article presents the findings obtained during an action research study, which involved semi-structured interviews with seven research participants, observations, and the researcher’s action research journal as data gathering instruments. The findings are interpreted through the lens of two theories, namely the types of access associated with the digital divide, and the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge framework. Ten tools for early childhood settings were investigated. This article provides eight practical considerations, three sets of overarching educational robotics tool characteristics, and three categories for decision support when choosing appropriate educational robotics tools.