bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in children and adolescents with medically related subthreshold post-traumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Meentken Maya G , van der Mheen Malindi , van Beynum Ingrid M , Aendekerk Elisabeth W C , Legerstee Jeroen S , van der Ende Jan , del Canho Riwka , Lindauer Ramón J L , Hillegers Manon H J , Helbing Willem A , Moll Henriette A , Utens Elisabeth M W J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
Medical procedures and hospitalizations can be experienced as traumatic and can lead to post-traumatic stress reactions. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) shows promising results but very few long-term studies have been published. Therefore, our aim was to test the long-term (8 months post-treatment) effectiveness of EMDR in children and adolescents with medically related subthreshold post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Methods and results
Seventy-four children (including 39 with congenital or acquired heart disease) aged 4–15 (M = 9.6 years) with subthreshold PTSD after previous hospitalization were included into a parallel group randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomized to EMDR (n = 37) or care-as-usual (CAU) (n = 37; medical care only). The primary outcome was PTSD symptoms of the child. Secondary outcomes were symptoms of depression and blood–injection–injury (BII) phobia, sleep problems, and health-related quality of life (HrQoL) of the child. Assessments of all outcomes were planned at baseline and 8 weeks and 8 months after the start of EMDR/CAU. We hypothesized that the EMDR group would show significantly more improvements on all outcomes over time. Both groups showed improvements over time on child’s symptoms of PTSD (only parent report), depression, BII phobia, sleep problems, and most HrQoL subscales. GEE analyses showed no significant differences between the EMDR group (nT2 = 33, nT3 = 30) and the CAU group (nT2 = 35, nT3 = 32) on the primary outcome. One superior effect of EMDR over time was found for reducing parent-reported BII phobia of the child.

Conclusion
EMDR did not perform better than CAU in reducing subthreshold PTSD up to 8 months post-treatment in previously hospitalized children. Possible explanations and clinical implications are discussed.
Association of anthropometric indices with cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults: a study in Iran
Authors: Tabary Mohammadreza , Cheraghian Bahman , Mohammadi Zahra , Rahimi Zahra , Naderian Mohammad Reza , Danehchin Leila , Paridar Yousef , Abolnejadian Farhad , Noori Mohammad , Mard Seyed Ali , Masoudi Sahar , Araghi Farnaz , Shayesteh Ali Akbar , Poustchi Hossein 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the world. Many modifiable risk factors have been reported to synergistically act in the development of CVDs. We aimed to compare the predictive power of anthropometric indices, as well as to provide the best cut-off point for these indicators in a large population of Iranian people for the prediction of CVDs and CVD risk factors.

Methods and results
All the data used in the present study were obtained from Khuzestan comprehensive health study (KCHS). Anthropometric indices, including BMI (body mass index), WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), WHR (waist-to-hip ratio), WHtR (waist-to-height ratio), ABSI (a body shape index), as well as CVD risk factors [dyslipidaemia, abnormal blood pressure (BP), and hyperglycaemia] were recorded among 30 429 participants. WHtR had the highest adjusted odds ratios amongst anthropometric indices for all the risk factors and CVDs. WC had the highest predictive power for dyslipidaemia and hyperglycaemia [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.622, 0.563; specificity 61%, 59%; sensitivity 69%, 60%; cut-off point 87.95, 92.95 cm, respectively], while WHtR had the highest discriminatory power for abnormal BP (AUC = 0.585; specificity 60%; sensitivity 65%; cut-off point 0.575) and WHR tended to be the best predictor of CVDs (AUC = 0.527; specificity 58%; sensitivity 64%; cut-off point 0.915).

Conclusion
In this study, we depicted a picture of the Iranian population in terms of anthropometric measurement and its association with CVD risk factors and CVDs. Different anthropometric indices showed different predictive power for CVD risk factors in the Iranian population.
Resilience and associated psychological, social/cultural, behavioural, and biological factors in patients with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review
Authors: Love Mary F , Wood Geri LoBiondo , Wardell Diane Wind , Beauchamp Jennifer E S 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsThe aim of this systematic review of the literature is to synthesize the evidence regarding the associations between individual-level psychological, social/cultural, behavioral, and biological variables with resilience in patients with CVD.Methods and resultsA systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL was conducted from database inception through March 2020. Studies with a quantitative research design were eligible for inclusion if published in English and focused on resilience among adults with CVD. Of the 788 articles retrieved, 34 studies (35 articles) were included in the review. Twenty-three studies focused on psychological factors, with findings of inverse relationships between resilience and depression, anxiety, and stress. Evidence regarding associations between resilience and social/cultural or behavioral variables was scarce. Four of the 6 studies regarding biological factors found low stress resilience in young adulthood was associated with early diagnoses of stroke, heart failure, and coronary heart disease.ConclusionEnhancing resilience may improve quality of life for CVD patients, but research is needed to further explore the complex relationships between resilience and associated variables. This research should prioritize under-represented groups (i.e. women and minority racial/ethnic groups), with the eventual goal of developing interventions to support resilience in CVD patients.
Testing a nurse-led, pre-implantation educational intervention for primary prevention implantable cardioverter-defibrillator candidates: a randomized feasibility trial
Authors: Pannag Jasprit , Martin Lynn , Yost Jennifer , McGillion Michael , Carroll Sandra L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) deliver therapy for life-threatening arrhythmias. Evidence suggests that ICD candidates have misconceptions regarding ICD therapy and unmet information needs. We undertook a pilot feasibility trial comparing a nurse-led educational intervention plus standard care, vs. standard pre-ICD implantation care. Secondary aims included examination of anxiety, quality of life, and shock anxiety.

Methods and results
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator candidates were consented and randomized to standard pre-ICD implantation care vs. standard care plus a nurse-led educational intervention. The primary feasibility outcomes included: recruitment rate, consent rate, randomization rate, proportion of participants able to complete all questionnaires, time to deliver intervention, and intervention topics completion. At baseline, demographic and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) anxiety scores were collected. Four weeks post-ICD implantation, participants completed the PROMIS, Florida Patient Acceptance Survey (FPAS), and Florida Shock Anxiety Scale (FSAS). Twenty patients consented (10 per group). Feasibility targets were achieved for all but two outcomes: consent rate was 87% vs. 95% target, and completion of data collection measures was 85% vs. 90% target. Consent rate was lower than expected as one patient declined, and two could not be approached. Completion rate was lower than expected as two patients were lost to follow-up, and one did not receive an ICD during the study period, leading to incomplete post-implantation survey collections.

Conclusion
The results demonstrate the feasibility of conducting a trial comparing a nurse-led pre-implantation educational intervention to standard care in an outpatient setting. Further study to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention on patient-reported outcomes is warranted.
Relationship between self-efficacy and sexual function after open heart surgery
Authors: Çağlar Merve , Yeşiltepe Oskay Ümran , Arican Eda , Akyol Eda 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
The high level of self-efficacy that facilitates the adaptation of patients to their new lives and accelerates the healing process after open heart surgery has a positive effect on sexual function. The aims of the study are to examine the self-efficacy and sexual function of patients undergoing open heart surgery and factors affecting it.

Methods and results
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 76 patients (44 females, 32 males). The data were collected with an information form, Barnason Efficacy Expectation Scales (BEES): Cardiac Surgical Version, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF), and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). The mean age of the patients was 63.12 ± 7.91. It was found that 30.3% of the patients (73.9% female and 26.1% male) were sexually inactive, and they did not receive information about sexual function. The mean BEES: Cardiac Surgical Version score was 43.96 ± 6.07. The mean IIEF score was 19.07 ± 26.0, and the mean FSFI score was 15.67 ± 9.12. There was a positive correlation between BEES: Cardiac Surgical Version and IIEF (r = 0.34; P = 0.00), and there was a negative correlation between BEES: Cardiac Surgical Version and FSFI (r = −0.27; P = 0.01).

Conclusion
It was determined that patients did not have sufficient information about sexual life after open heart surgery. The patients had sexual problems after surgery. It was found that sexual function increased with increasing self-efficacy in men, while sexual function decreased with increasing self-efficacy in women.
Misperception of cardiometabolic risks and health needs among agriculture and aquaculture workers in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Mei-Yen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
Many people work in agriculture and aquaculture. Owing to the specific working environments and climate changes, some literatures indicated that agriculture and aquaculture workers have cardiovascular diseases. It is important to attain sustainable development goal for these workers. However, few studies have investigated the factors associated with cardiometabolic risks and their perception among these workers. To explore the health needs and perception of cardiometabolic risks and associated factors among agriculture and aquaculture workers.

Methods and results
A community-based, cross-sectional study design was used. This study was part of a nurse-led health-promotion programme designed to examine the health needs of agriculture and aquaculture workers between March and December 2019 in Yunlin County, Taiwan. This study was conducted in 30 rural villages. Health screening for five cardiometabolic risks was identified by a local hospital collaborated with the study. Six hundred and fifty-six participants with a mean age of 66 years completed this study. The mean number of cardiometabolic risk factors was 2.6, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 54.1%. Most participants had misperceptions regarding their abnormal biomarkers. Age, education level, female gender, increased biomarker misperception (P &lt; 0.001), and betel nut chewing (P &lt; 0.01) were the determinant factors associated with cardiometabolic risks.

Conclusion
These findings demonstrated a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risks, unhealthy behaviours, and misperceptions of cardiometabolic risk among the study population. This study highlights the need for clinicians and primary healthcare providers to attempt to increase the level of cardiometabolic risk literacy by initiating culturally tailored health-promotion programmes.
Atrial fibrillation self-management: a mobile telephone app scoping review and content analysis
Authors: Pearsons Alice , Hanson Coral L , Gallagher Robyn , O’Carroll Ronan E , Khonsari Sahar , Hanley Janet , Strachan Fiona E , Mills Nicholas L , Quinn Terence J , McKinstry Brian , McHale Sheona , Stewart Stacey , Zhang Mengying , O’Connor Siobhan , Neubeck Lis 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects over 1.4 million people in the UK, resulting in a five-fold increased stroke risk and a three to four times greater risk of severe, disabling stroke. Atrial fibrillation, a chronic disease, requires monitoring, medication, and lifestyle measures. A self-management approach supported by mobile health (mHealth) may empower AF self-care. To assess the need to develop new mHealth self-management interventions for those with AF this review aimed to identify commercially available AF self-management apps, analyse, and synthesize (i) characteristics, (ii) functions, (iii) privacy/security, (iv) incorporated behaviour change techniques (BCTs), and (v) quality and usability. We searched app stores for ‘atrial fibrillation’ and ‘anticoagulation’, and included apps focused on AF self-management in the review. We examined app functions, privacy statements against best practice recommendations, the inclusion of BCTs using the App Behaviour Change Scale, and app quality/usability using the Mobile App Rating Scale. From an initial search of 555 apps, five apps were included in the review. Common functions were educational content, medication trackers, and communication with healthcare professionals. Apps contained limited BCTs, lacked intuitive functions and were difficult to use. Privacy policies were difficult to read. App quality rated from poor to acceptable and no app had been evaluated in a clinical trial. The review reports a lack of commercially available AF self-management apps of sufficient standard for use in healthcare settings. This highlights the need for clinically validated mHealth interventions incorporating evidence-based BCTs to support AF self-management.
Effectiveness of motivational interviewing on medication adherence among Palestinian hypertensive patients: a clustered randomized controlled trial
Authors: Khadoura Khalid Jamal , Shakibazadeh Elham , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Aljeesh Yousef , Fotouhi Akbar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
This trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MINT) among medication non-adherent hypertensive patients attending primary healthcare centres in Gaza Strip.

Methods and results
A clustered randomized controlled trial was run among 355 hypertensive participants; who were identified as non-adherent by a self-reported adherent scale and were recruited from 10 centres by two stages cluster random sampling approach (five centres were randomly allocated to each group). Standard of hypertension care was provided to 173 participants, parallel to 182 one who received their standard of care including non-blinded MINT sessions for 3 months. The change in medication adherence status was the primary outcome and within-patient changes of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation were the secondary outcomes. Data were collected via an interview-based structured questionnaire and were analysed by generalizing equation estimation model adjusting for covariates. The results showed a significant improvement in medication adherence status among participants in the intervention group (n = 159) [OR= 6.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.20, 12.33; P &lt; 0.001] compared with those in the control group (n = 151). Moreover, there were significant drops in both SBP (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.55; P = 0.002) and DBP (OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.76; P = 0.013) and significant positive changes in both within-patient's self-efficacy (OR = 15.4; 95% CI: 3.9, 60.6; P &lt; 0.001) and intrinsic motivation (OR = 31.7; 95% CI: 13.9, 71.9; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Standard of care including MINT is an effective client-centred approach which promoted medication adherence, decreased mean blood pressure, and improved self-efficacy and intrinsic motivations among hypertensive patients.
Meeting support needs for informal caregivers of people with heart failure: a rapid review
Authors: Carleton-Eagleton Katherine , Walker Iain , Freene Nicole , Gibson Diane , Semple Stuart 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
To explore whether a support-based intervention for informal caregivers of people with heart failure changes their psychosocial and emotional wellbeing. Background Successful self-management of heart failure includes addressing the psychosocial and emotional wellbeing needs of informal caregivers. However, there is limited evidence of how caregivers are supported in this way.

Methods and results
A rapid review was conducted searching four electronic databases with restrictions to dates January 1996 – September 2019. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and the first author reviewed articles based on title, abstract and then full text, before articles were assessed for conclusions and outcomes. Six studies met the criteria for review. The key caregiver outcomes were burden, depression/anxiety, and quality of life. Significant reductions in caregiver burden were demonstrated in the three studies that measured this outcome. There were mixed results for the outcome measures of depression/anxiety, as well as quality of life, with some interventions demonstrating either significant reductions in depression or anxiety scores, or increases in quality of life scores.

Conclusion
With only six studies included in this rapid review, it is not possible to make any definitive conclusions regarding the success, or otherwise, of interventions for caregivers of people with heart failure to improve their psychosocial and emotional wellbeing. Whilst some papers would tend to suggest that such interventions can reduce caregiver burden, there is a need to interrogate further interventions in this area to fill the current gap in the literature.
Association between neck circumference and lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Shokri-Mashhadi Nafiseh , Moradi Sajjad , Mohammadi Hamed , Ghavami Abed , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsPrevious studies suggested that neck circumference (NC) as a new, simple, and valuable tool for the measuring obesity. However, the results of studies regarding the relationship between blood lipids and neck circumference were inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the association between NC and lipid profiles in adults.Methods and resultsPubMed and Scopus electronic databases were searched until 30 June 2018 to find articles that reported the association between NC and blood lipids. Mean serum lipids and variables contributed to heterogeneity were extracted. Sources of inter-study heterogeneity were determined by subgroup analysis. Of 2490 publications identified, 33 studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. We found an inverse correlation between NC and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C; overall Fisher’s Z = −0.18; 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.21, −0.15]. Furthermore, we found positive associations between NC and total cholesterol (TC; overall Fisher’s Z = 0.11; 95% CI = 0.06, 0.16), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; overall Fisher’s Z = 0.1; 95% CI = −0.04, 0.16), and triglyceride (TG; overall Fisher’s Z = 0.21; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.25) in men. Neck circumference was directly correlated to TC (overall Fisher’s Z = 0.1; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.19) and LDL-C (overall Fisher’s Z = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.12, 0.20) in healthy and unhealthy women, respectively. There was no correlation between NC and serum concentration of TC (overall Fisher’s Z = 0.01; 95% CI = −0.02, 0.03) and LDL-C (overall Fisher’s Z = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.02, 0.16) in unhealthy and healthy women, respectively.ConclusionHigher NC in unhealthy men was strongly indirectly associated with HDL-C, and directly related to LDL-C, TG, and TC. In unhealthy women, higher NC was inversely associated with HDL and directly related to LDL-C.
The prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in older adults with an intellectual disability in Ireland: a cross sectional study
Authors: O’Brien Frances , McCallion Philip , Carroll Rachael , O’Dwyer Máire , Burke Eilish , McCarron Mary 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease, accounting for almost 50% of ischaemic heart disease mortality. This study aims to identify the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and their predictors in older adults with an intellectual disability (ID).

Methods and results
This cross-sectional study utilized data from the ID Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA). Participants were drawn from the nationally representative sample and included those who completed the self/informant report measures, in addition to objective blood pressure (BP) measurement. From the 551 individuals with ID, aged ≥40 years, hypertension prevalence was 35.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 31.2–39.2%]. Of those with hypertension, 44.3% (95% CI 37.1–51.5%) were aware of their hypertensive status, and 64.2% (95% CI 57.3–71.1) were taking antihypertensive medication. Among those on treatment, 70.8% (95% CI 61.8–78.2%) had their BP controlled to below 140/90 mmHg. Significant predictors of awareness were age (P = 0.036) and level of ID (P = 0.004), predictors of treatment were age (P = 0.002), level of ID (P = 0.019), and diabetes (P = 0.001). Both diabetes and female gender were predictors of control of hypertension (P = 0.013 and P = 0.037, respectively).

Conclusion
The prevalence of hypertension in older adults with ID was lower than reports for the general Irish population, with overall levels of treatment and control, when identified, higher in the ID population. There was under-treatment and lower levels of awareness among those with more severe ID, which requires addressing. The finding, that when diagnosed, people with ID respond well to treatment should encourage addressing the under-treatment found here.