bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new anabolic compound, LLP2A-Ale, reserves periodontal bone loss in mice through augmentation of bone formation
Authors: Jiang Min , Liu Lixian , Liu Ruiwu , Lam Kit S. , Lane Nancy E. , Yao Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, there are no effective medications to reverse periodontal disease (PD)-induced bone loss. The objective of this study was to test a new anabolic compound, LLP2A-Ale, or with the combination treatment of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC), in the treatment of bone loss secondary to PD.MethodsPD was induced in mice by placing a ligature around the second right molar. At one week after disease induction, the mice were treated with placebo, LLP2A-Ale, MSCs, or combination of LLP2A-Ale + MSCs, and euthanized at week 4.ResultsWe found that PD induced alveolar bone loss that was associated with reduced bone formation. LLP2A-Ale alone or in combination with MSCs sustained alveolar bone formation and reversed alveolar bone loss. Additionally, PD alone caused systemic inflammation and increased the circulating levels of G-CSF, IP-10, MIP-1a, and MIP2, which were suppressed by LLP2A-Ale +/− MSCs. LLP2A-Ale +/− MSCs increased bone formation at the peripheral skeletal site (distal femur), which was otherwise suppressed by PD.ConclusionOur findings indicated that LLP2A-Ale treatment rescued alveolar bone loss caused by PD, primarily by increasing bone formation. LLP2A-Ale also attenuated the circulating levels of a series of inflammatory cytokines and reversed the PD-induced suppression of systemic bone formation.
Caspase-7 deficiency in Chinese hamster ovary cells reduces cell proliferation and viability
Authors: Safari Fatemeh , Farajnia Safar , Behzad Behbahani Abbas , Zarredar Habib , Barekati-Mowahed Mazyar , Dehghani Hesam 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most commonly used mammalian host cell in the commercial-scale production of biopharmaceutical proteins. Modification of genes involved in apoptosis may improve the productivity of CHO cells. Executive caspases, including caspases 3 and 7, play critical roles in apoptosis. The effects of the ablation of the caspase 7 gene on proliferation and viability of CHO cells remains unknown. In this study, we applied clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR/Cas9) to target caspase 7 gene of CHO K1 cell via all in one and homology targeted integration strategies. Consequently, the effect of caspase 7 deficiency on cell proliferation, viability, and apoptosis was studied by MTT assay and flow cytometry.

Results
Findings of gel electrophoresis, western blotting, and sequencing confirmed the caspase 7 gene silencing in CHO cells (CHO-KO). Proliferation assay revealed that caspase 7 deficiency in CHO cells resulted in the reduction of proliferation in various CHO-KO clones. Besides, the disruption of caspase 7 had negative effects on cell viability in exposure with NaBu which confirmed by MTT assay. Results of flow cytometry using Anexin V/PI demonstrated that Nabu treatment (11 mM) declined the percentage of live CHO-K1 and CHO-KO cells to 70.3% and 5.79%. These results verified that the CHO-K1 cells were more resistant to apoptosis than CHO-KO, however most of CHO-KO cells undergone early apoptosis (91.9%) which seems to be a fascinating finding.

Conclusion
These results reveal that caspase 7 may be involved in the cell cycle progression of CHO cells. Furthermore, it seems that targeting caspase 7 is not the ideal route as it had previously been imagined within the prevention of apoptosis but the relation between caspase 7 deficiency, cell cycle arrest, and the occurrence of early apoptosis will require more investigation.
Comparison of anthropometric data quality in children aged 6-23 and 24-59 months: lessons from population-representative surveys from humanitarian settings
Authors: Bilukha Oleg , Couture Alexia , McCain Kelly , Leidman Eva 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Ensuring the quality of anthropometry data is paramount for getting accurate estimates of malnutrition prevalence among children aged 6–59 months in humanitarian and refugee settings. Previous reports based on data from Demographic and Health Surveys suggested systematic differences in anthropometric data quality between the younger and older groups of preschool children.

Methods
We analyzed 712 anthropometric population-representative field surveys from humanitarian and refugee settings conducted during 2011–2018. We examined and compared the quality of five anthropometric indicators in children aged 6–23 months and children aged 24–59 months: weight for height, weight for age, height for age, body mass index for age and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) for age. Using the z-score distribution of each indicator, we calculated the following parameters: standard deviation (SD), percentage of outliers, and measures of distribution normality. We also examined and compared the quality of height, weight, MUAC and age measurements using missing data and rounding criteria.

Results
Both SD and percentage of flags were significantly smaller on average in older than in younger age group for all five anthropometric indicators. Differences in SD between age groups did not change meaningfully depending on overall survey quality or on the quality of age ascertainment. Over 50% of surveys overall did not deviate significantly from normality. The percentage of non-normal surveys was higher in older than in the younger age groups. Digit preference score for weight, height and MUAC was slightly higher in younger age group, and for age slightly higher in the older age group. Children with reported exact date of birth (DOB) had much lower digit preference for age than those without exact DOB. SD, percentage flags and digit preference scores were positively correlated between the two age groups at the survey level, such as those surveys showing higher anthropometry data quality in younger age group also tended to show higher quality in older age group.

Conclusions
There should be an emphasis on increased rigor of training survey measurers in taking anthropometric measurements in the youngest children. Standardization test, a mandatory component of the pre-survey measurer training and evaluation, of 10 children should include at least 4–5 children below 2 years of age.
Impaired liver regeneration and lipid homeostasis in CCl4 treated WDR13 deficient mice
Authors: Mishra Arun Prakash , Siva Archana B. , Gurunathan Chandrashekaran , Komala Y. , Lakshmi B. Jyothi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWDR13 - a WD repeat protein, is abundant in pancreas, liver, ovary and testis. Absence of this protein in mice has been seen to be associated with pancreatic β-cell proliferation, hyperinsulinemia and age dependent mild obesity. Previously, we have reported that the absence of WDR13 in diabeticLeprdb/dbmice helps in amelioration of fatty liver phenotype along with diabetes and systemic inflammation. This intrigued us to study direct liver injury and hepatic regeneration inWdr13−/0mice using hepatotoxin CCl4. In the present study we report slower hepatic regeneration inWdr13−/0mice as compared to their wild type littermates after CCl4administration. Interestingly, during the regeneration phase, hepatic hypertriglyceridemia was observed inWdr13−/0mice. Further analyses revealed an upregulation of PPAR pathway in the liver of CCl4- administeredWdr13−/0mice, causing de novo lipogenesis. The slower hepatic regeneration observed in CCl4administeredWdr13−/0mice, may be linked to liver hypertriglyceridemia because of activation of PPAR pathway.
Factors associated with the transition from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt in prison
Authors: Favril Louis , O’Connor Rory C. , Hawton Keith , Vander Laenen Freya 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough research has identified a wide range of risk factors for suicidal behavior in prisoners, it does not establish who is most likely to act on their suicidal thoughts while incarcerated.MethodsSelf-report data were collected from a random sample of 1,203 adult men incarcerated across 15 prisons in Belgium, who represent 12% of all male prisoners nationwide.ResultsOne-third (33%) of participants reported having suicidal thoughts during their incarceration, of whom 26% attempted suicide in prison (9% of all prisoners). Factors independently associated with suicide attempt among prisoners with suicidal ideation were violent offending (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–5.23), in-prison drug use (aOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.25–4.22), exposure to suicidal behavior (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.04–3.68), and a lifetime history of nonsuicidal self-injury (aOR = 1.90, 95% CI 1.08–3.36). While related to suicidal thoughts, markers of psychiatric morbidity and aspects of the prison regime were not associated with the progression to suicide attempt.ConclusionsMany prisoners who think about suicide do not attempt suicide while incarcerated. Factors associated with suicidal ideation are distinct from those that govern the transition to suicidal behavior. Our findings lend support to the hypothesis that behavioral disinhibition might act as a catalyst in the translation of suicidal thoughts into action.
Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks for Inorganic Chemical Compositions
Authors: Sawada Yoshihide , Morikawa Koji , Fujii Mikiya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In recent years, inverse material design using machine learning techniques has attracted attention for material development. Almost all studies have used crystal structures of materials, although material engineers rarely store the crystal information and they only save chemical compositions and target properties for high-throughput materials discovery. Thus, we propose a method to generate chemical compositions for desired target properties by using conditional generative adversarial networks (CondGAN) and a post-processing method to balance the oxidation numbers. Numerical experimental results demonstrate that our CondGAN generates chemical compositions holding the desired properties.
MR-enterography in Crohn’s disease: what MRE mural parameters are associated to one-year therapeutic management outcome?
Authors: Mainenti Pier Paolo , Castiglione Fabiana , Rispo Antonio , Laccetti Ettore , Guarino Salvatore , Romeo Valeria , Testa Anna , Pace Leonardo , Maurea Simone 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
To investigate the association of mural parameters of MR-enterography (MRE) with one-year therapeutic management of Crohn’s disease (CD) patients.

Methods:
CD patients, undergone MRE with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps between January 2017 and June 2018, were retrospectively enrolled. Extramural complications represented an exclusion criterion because of their potential influence on the intrinsic characteristic of the bowel wall. Two groups of patients were defined on the base of the therapeutic management adopted at 1-year follow-up: Medical-group and surgical-group. The following MRE parameters were evaluated: wall-thickening, longitudinal-extension, T2-fat-suppression-mural-signal, ulcers, mural-oedema, wall-enhancement-rate/pattern, DWI-scores, ADC-values, strictures.

Results:
70 CD patients were enrolled. 57/70 (81.4%) were included in Medical-group and 13/70 (18.6%) in Surgical-group. ADCmean and strictures resulted to be significantly (p &lt; 0.01) different between the two groups. The ADCmean showed to be significantly associated to conservative management [p &lt; 0.01; OR: 0.0003; 95% CI (0.00–0.13)], while the strictures to surgical management [p &lt; 0.01; OR: 29.7; 95% CI (4.9–179.7)]. ROC curves for ADCmean showed that AUC was 0.717 [95% CI (0.607–0.810), p &lt; 0.01] with an optimal cut-off value of 1.081 × 10−3 mm2 s−1. A negative predictive value of 90.2% was observed associating ADCmean values &gt; 1.081 × 10−3 mm2 s−1 to conservative therapy. 13/17 (76%) strictures with an ADCmean &gt; 1.081 × 10−3 mm2 s−1 benefited of conservative therapy.

Conclusion:
ADCmean values calculated on DWI-MRE may be associated to 1-year conservative medical therapy in patients with CD without extramural complications.

Advances in knowledge:
ADC maps may be proposed to select CD patients with a lower burden of mural active inflammatory cells and/or fibrosis benefiting of 1-year conservative treatment.
Case Report: Spontaneous perforation of a bicornuate uterus with concomitant sarcoma
Authors: Yim Soobin , Yeo Inji , Lee Myunghwa , Kyeong Kyu-Sang , Cho Hye-yon , Kang Jung Bae , Kyung Min Sun 
Published: November 2020

A 47-year-old nulliparous, virginal woman presented to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain. Emergency pelvic ultrasound and abdominal CT were taken, which showed a significant amount of hemoperitoneum and a bicornuate uterus with about 18cm x 10cm mass on left uterus. Since the mass had increased vascularity and irregular margins, we thought that the mass could be a uterine sarcoma. MRI and PET/CT were taken additionally for oncologic evaluation before surgery. Intra operative findings showed a ruptured bicornuate uterus with a large mass within the left uterine horn. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Pathologic analysis confirmed an undifferentiated uterine sarcoma. She was treated with 6 cycles of chemotherapy(etoposide, ifosfamide, cisplatin) postoperatively. Chest and abdomen CT for follow up after chemotherapy showed no sign of cancer recurrence. We suggest a bicornuate uterus with concomitant sarcoma should be concerned as a possible cause of uterine rupture by reviewing this case.
Aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise are equivalent to mitigate symptoms of depression in older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Miller Kyle J. , Areerob Pinyadapat , Hennessy Declan , Gonçalves-Bradley Daniela C. , Mesagno Christopher , Grace Fergal 
Published: November 2020

Background: Exercise has been identified as an allied health strategy that can support the management of depression in older adults, yet the relative effectiveness for different exercise modalities is unknown. To meet this gap in knowledge, we present a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the head-to-head effectiveness of aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise to mitigate depressive symptoms in adults aged ≥ 65 years. Methods: A PRISMA-NMA compliant review was undertaken on RCTs from inception to September 12th, 2019. PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched for eligible RCTs enrolling adults with a mean age ≥ 65 years, comparing one or more exercise intervention arms, and which used valid measures of depressive symptomology. Comparative effectiveness was evaluated using network meta-analysis to combine direct and indirect evidence, controlling for inherent variation in trial control groups. Results: The systematic review included 81 RCTs, with 69 meeting eligibility for the network meta-analysis (n = 5,379 participants). Pooled analysis found each exercise type to be effective compared with controls (Hedges’ g = -0.27 to -0.51). Relative head-to-head comparisons were statistically comparable between exercise types: resistance versus aerobic (Hedges’ g = -0.06, PrI = -0.91, 0.79), mind-body versus aerobic (Hedges’ g = -0.12, PrI = -0.95, 0.72), mind-body versus resistance (Hedges’ g = -0.06, PrI = -0.90, 0.79). High levels of compliance were demonstrated for each exercise treatment. Conclusions: Aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise demonstrate equivalence to mitigate symptoms of depression in older adults aged ≥ 65 years, with comparably encouraging levels of compliance to exercise treatment. These findings coalesce with previous findings in clinically depressed older adults to encourage personal preference when prescribing exercise for depressive symptoms in older adults, irrespective of severity. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42018115866 (23/11/2018).
Treatment options for aseptic tibial diaphyseal nonunion: A review of selected studies
Authors: Gálvez-Sirvent Elena , Ibarzábal-Gil Aitor , Rodríguez-Merchán E. Carlos 
Published: November 2020

In aseptic tibial diaphyseal nonunions after failed conservative treatment, the recommended treatment is a reamed intramedullary (IM) nail. Typically, when an aseptic tibial nonunion previously treated with an IM nail is found, it is advisable to change the previous IM nail for a larger diameter reamed and locked IM nail (the rate of success of renailing is around 90%). A second change after an IM nail failure is also a good option, especially if bone healing has progressed after the first change. Fibular osteotomy is not routinely advised; it is only recommended when it interferes with the nonunion site. In delayed unions before 24 weeks, IM nail dynamization can be performed as a less invasive option before deciding on a nail change. If there is a bone defect, a bone graft must be recommended, with the gold standard being the autologous iliac crest bone graft (AICBG). A reamer-irrigator-aspirator (RIA) system might also obtain a bone autograft that is comparable to AICBG. Although the size of the bone defect suitable to perform bone transport techniques is a controversial issue, we believe that such techniques can be considered in bone defects > 3 cm. Non-invasive therapies and biologic therapies could be applied in isolation for patients with high surgical risk, or could be used as adjuvants to the aforementioned surgical treatments. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:835-844. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190077
Cemented vs. cementless fixation in primary total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Prasad Anoop K. , Tan Jaimee H.S. , Bedair Hany S. , Dawson-Bowling Sebastian , Hanna Sammy A. 
Published: November 2020

Over 100,000 total knee replacements (TKRs) are carried out in the UK annually, with cemented fixation accounting for approximately 95% of all primary TKRs. In Australia, 68.1% of all primary TKRs use cemented fixation, and only 10.9% use cementless fixation. However, there has been a renewed interest in cementless fixation as a result of improvements in implant design and manufacturing technology. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the outcomes of cemented and cementless fixation in primary TKR. Outcome measures included the revision rate and patient-reported functional scores. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from the earliest available date to November 2018 for randomized controlled trials of primary TKAs comparing cemented versus cementless fixation outcomes. Six studies met our inclusion criteria and were analysed. A total of 755 knees were included; 356 knees underwent cemented fixation, 399 underwent cementless fixation. They were followed up for an average of 8.4 years (range: 2.0 to 16.6). This study found no significant difference in revision rates and knee function in cemented versus cementless TKR at up to 16.6-year follow-up. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:793-798. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200030
The management of proximal rectus femoris avulsion injuries
Authors: Begum Fahima A. , Kayani Babar , Chang Justin S. , Tansey Rosamond J. , Haddad Fares S. 
Published: November 2020

Injuries to the quadriceps muscle group are commonly seen in sporting activities that involve repetitive kicking and high-speed sprinting, including football (soccer), rugby and athletics. The proximal rectus femoris is prone to avulsion injuries as rapid eccentric muscle contraction leads to asynchronous muscle activation and different force vectors through the straight and reflected heads. Risk factors for injury include previous rectus femoris muscle or hamstring injury, reduced flexibility of the quadriceps complex, injury to the dominant leg, and dry field playing conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality as it enables the site of injury to be accurately located, concurrent injuries to be identified, preoperative grading of the injury, and aids surgical planning. Non-operative management is associated with highly variable periods of convalescence, poor return to preinjury level of function and high risk of injury recurrence. Operative treatment of proximal rectus femoris avulsion injuries with surgical repair or surgical tenodesis enables return to preinjury level of sporting activity and high functional outcomes. Surgical tenodesis of proximal rectus femoris avulsion injuries may offer an avenue for further reducing recurrence rates compared to direct suture anchor repair of these injuries.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:828-834. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.200055
Survival following abdominal aortic aneurysm repair in North Queensland is not associated with remoteness of place of residence
Authors: Golledge Jonathan , Drovandi Aaron , Velu Ramesh , Quigley Frank , Moxon Joseph 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo assess whether survival and clinical events following elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair were associated with remoteness of residence in North Queensland, Australia.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included participants undergoing elective AAA repair between February 2002 and April 2020 at two hospitals in Townsville, North Queensland, Australia. Outcomes were all-cause survival and AAA-related events, defined as requirement for repeat AAA repair or AAA-related mortality. Remoteness of participant’s place of residence was assessed by the Modified Monash Model classifications and estimated distance from the participants’ home to the tertiary vascular centre. Cox proportional hazard analysis examined the association of remoteness with outcome.ResultsThe study included 526 participants undergoing elective repair by open (n = 204) or endovascular (n = 322) surgery. Fifty-four (10.2%) participants had a place of residence at a remote or very remote location. Participants' were followed for a median of 5.2 (inter-quartile range 2.5–8.3) years, during which time there were 252 (47.9%) deaths. Survival was not associated with either measure of remoteness. Fifty (9.5%) participants had at least one AAA-related event, including 30 (5.7%) that underwent at least one repeat AAA surgery and 23 (4.4%) that had AAA-related mortality. AAA-related events were more common in participants resident in the most remote areas (adjusted hazard ratio 2.83, 95% confidence intervals 1.40, 5.70) but not associated with distance from the participants’ residence to the tertiary vascular centreConclusionsThe current study found that participants living in more remote locations were more likely to have AAA-related events but had no increased mortality following AAA surgery. The findings emphasize the need for careful follow-up after AAA surgery. Further studies are needed to examine the generalisability of the findings.