bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of oral maintenance chemotherapy and predictive value of circulating EBV DNA in metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Han , Lu Tianzhu , Guo Qiaojuan , Chen Yan , Chen Mengwei , Chen Yansong , Lin Yingying , Chen Chuanben , Ma Liqin , Xu Yun , Lin Shaojun , Pan Jianji 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesOral maintenance chemotherapy can effectively prolong overall survival (OS) in many types of metastatic cancer, but its role in metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (mNPC) is unclear. In this study, the efficacy of oral maintenance chemotherapy in mNPC and the effectiveness of circulating tumor EBV‐DNA for screening patients were evaluated.MethodsBetween June 2016 and December 2017, 141 patients with mNPC who received platinum‐based systemic chemotherapy were included (median follow‐up time, 21 months). Patients were classified into two groups according to the administration of oral maintenance chemotherapy. Plasma samples were collected before, during, and after treatment for the measurement of circulating EBV DNA.ResultsThe 2‐year OS was higher for patients who received maintenance chemotherapy than for patients without maintenance chemotherapy (78.9% vs 62.7%, P = .016). Patients with undetectable posttreatment EBV‐DNA after 4‐6 cycles of systemic chemotherapy (n = 73) had a higher 2‐year OS than that of patients with detectable EBV‐DNA (n = 68) (82.16% vs 51.45%, P = .001). For patients with undetectable posttreatment EBV‐DNA, OS was better for those with maintenance chemotherapy than for those without (86.7% vs 73%, P = .027). For patients with detectable posttreatment EBV‐DNA, maintenance chemotherapy did not improve outcomes (49.5% vs 55.4%, P = .824). The most common acute events were hematological toxicity, and all were tolerable and curable.ConclusionsOral maintenance chemotherapy with S1 or capecitabine can improve OS in mNPC. Posttreatment EBV‐DNA was not only an independent prognosis factor for mNPC but also can screen out beneficiaries of maintenance chemotherapy.
Meta‐analysis of bivalirudin versus heparin in transradial coronary interventions
Authors: Kheiri Babikir , Rao Sunil V. , Osman Mohammed , Simpson Timothy F. , Barbarawi Mahmoud , Zayed Yazan , Dhillon Harsukh N. , Alkhouli Mohamad , Golwala Harsh , Zahr Firas , Bhatt Deepak L. , Stone Gregg W. , Cigarroa Joaquin E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing transradial artery coronary intervention (TRI).BackgroundBivalirudin and radial artery access are independently associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. However, data supporting a strategy of combining both to achieve additive improvements in cardiovascular outcomes provide conflicting results.MethodsA systematic search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of bivalirudin, in which vascular access sites were reported. The primary outcome was net adverse clinical events (NACE) at 30 days. Secondary outcomes were long‐term NACE, short‐, and long‐term major adverse cardiovascular events, all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, unplanned revascularization, stent thrombosis, and major bleeding.ResultsWe identified 10 RCTs, including 16,328 patients who underwent TRI (mean age 64.6 ± 15.7 years, 72.5% male). Bivalirudin use was associated with decreased 30‐day NACE compared with heparin (6.3 vs. 7.4%; risk ratio [RR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.76–0.99; p = .04; number needed to treat = 91). No significant interactions were observed based on clinical presentation, administration of P2Y12 inhibitors, or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa‐receptor inhibitors (GPI) use. There were no significant differences between groups in any prespecified secondary outcomes. There was, however, a significant reduction of major bleeding in the bivalirudin group compared with heparin when used in combination with routine GPI (RR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.19–0.90; p = .03).ConclusionsAmong patients undergoing TRI, use of bivalirudin was associated with significantly reduced 30‐day NACE compared with heparin. There was no significant difference in long term NACE, ischemic, or bleeding events compared with heparin.
Recycling von marinen Sekundärrohstoffen
Authors: Chairopoulou Makrina A. , Schreiber Alex , Kratzer Fabian , Wolf Sebastian , Teipel Ulrich 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAusternschalen stellen als Abfallprodukt eine große Umweltbelastung dar und die Wiederverwendung des Materials gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Da der Zerkleinerungsprozess beim Recycling von Sekundärrohstoffen die Eigenschaften des Materials definiert, wurden Austernschalen mit einer Planetenkugelmühle und einer Schlagradmühle zerkleinert und die gewonnenen Fraktionen in Bezug auf Größe und Form analysiert und miteinander verglichen. Ein Zerkleinerungsmaterial der Schlagradmühle wurde für eine Reihe von Benetzungsversuchen verwendet, die dazu beitrugen, die freie Oberflächenenergie des Materials nachzuweisen.
Physical activity and quality of life in African American cancer survivors: The Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors study
Authors: Beebe‐Dimmer Jennifer L. , Ruterbusch Julie J. , Harper Felicity W. K. , Baird Tara M. , Finlay David G. , Rundle Andrew G. , Pandolfi Stephanie S. , Hastert Theresa A. , Schwartz Kendra L. , Bepler Gerold , Simon Michael S. , Mantey Julia , Abrams Judy , Albrecht Teri L. , Schwartz Ann G. 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundThe benefit of regular exercise in improving cancer outcomes is well established. The American Cancer Society (ACS) released a recommendation that cancer survivors should engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) per week; however, few report meeting this recommendation. This study examined the patterns and correlates of meeting ACS PA recommendations in the Detroit Research on Cancer Survivors (ROCS) cohort of African American cancer survivors.MethodsDetroit ROCS participants completed baseline and yearly follow‐up surveys to update their health and health behaviors, including PA. This study examined participation in PA by select characteristics and reported health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) as measured with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy and Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System instruments.ResultsAmong the first 1500 ROCS participants, 60% reported participating in regular PA, with 24% reporting ≥150 min/wk. Although there were no differences by sex, prostate cancer survivors were the most likely to report participating in regular PA, whereas lung cancer survivors were the least likely (P = .022). Survivors who reported participating in regular PA reported higher HRQOL (P < .001) and lower depression (P = .040).ConclusionsJust 24% of African American cancer survivors reported meeting the ACS guidelines for PA at the baseline, but it was encouraging to see increases in activity over time. Because of the established benefits of regular exercise observed in this study and others, identifying and reducing barriers to regular PA among African American cancer survivors are critical for improving outcomes and minimizing disparities.
Effect of Milling Methods on Particulate Properties and Structure of Clinoptilolite
Authors: Nguyen Vinh Dinh , Bui Quy Minh , Kynicky Jindrich , Vsiansky Dalibor 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe effects of ultrasonic milling, dry and wet ball milling, and vibro‐milling on the particulate properties, crystalline characteristics, morphology, and surface area of clinoptilolite (Cpt) have been investigated. Laser beam scattering technique, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption at 77 K are used to characterize the initial and ground Cpt powders. Results show that Cpt particle size is significantly reduced by all carried out milling methods in which vibro‐milling could produce particles with diameter less than 100 nm. The size distribution of Cpt is remarkably narrowed by using vibro‐ and wet ball milling. The crystallinity of Cpt noticeably decreases for the samples obtained by ball milling while vibro‐ and ultrasonic millings show a negligible effect on crystallinity. The specific surface area of Cpt is enhanced by all four milling methods.
360‐μW 4.1‐dB NF CMOS MedRadio receiver RF front‐end with current‐reuse Q‐boosted resistive feedback LNA for biomedical IoT applications
Authors: Kim Taejong , Im Donggu , Kwon Kuduck 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a low‐power low‐noise complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) receiver RF front‐end (RFFE) that employs a current‐reuse Q‐boosted resistive feedback low‐noise amplifier (RFLNA) is proposed for 401 to 406 MHz medical device radio‐communication service band IoT applications. By employing a series RLC input matching network, the proposed RFLNA has the advantages of both the conventional RFLNA and the inductively degenerated common‐source LNA without using large on‐chip spiral inductors at the sources of the main transistors. The proposed active mixer utilizes a current‐reuse transconductor, in which a p‐channel metal‐oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor performs a current‐bleeding function to reduce direct current (DC) and flicker noise in the switching stage of the active mixer. The proposed receiver RFFE is implemented in a 65‐nm CMOS process and achieves a voltage gain of 30.9 dB, noise figure of 4.1 dB, S11 of less than −10 dB, and IIP3 of −22.9 dBm. It operates at a supply voltage of 1 V with bias currents of 360 μA. The active die area is 0.4 mm × 0.35 mm.
A Mixed Ether Electrolyte for Lithium Metal Anode Protection in Working Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Wei-Jing , Zhao Chang-Xin , Li Bo-Quan , Jin Qi , Zhang Xue-Qiang , Yuan Tong-Qi , Zhang Xitian , Jin Zhehui , Kaskel Stefan , Zhang Qiang 
Published: February 2020

Lithium‒sulfur (Li–S) battery is considered as a promising energy storage system to realize high energy density. Nevertheless, unstable lithium metal anode emerges as the bottleneck toward practical applications, especially with limited anode excess required in a working full cell. In this contribution, a mixed diisopropyl ether‐based (mixed‐DIPE) electrolyte was proposed to effectively protect lithium metal anode in Li–S batteries with sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) cathodes. The mixed‐DIPE electrolyte improves the compatibility to lithium metal and suppresses the dissolution of lithium polysulfides, rendering significantly improved cycling stability. Concretely, Li | Cu half‐cells with the mixed‐DIPE electrolyte cycled stably for 120 cycles, which is nearly five times longer than that with routine carbonate‐based electrolyte. Moreover, the mixed‐DIPE electrolyte contributed to a doubled life span of 156 cycles at 0.5 C in Li | SPAN full cells with ultrathin 50 μm Li metal anodes compared with the routine electrolyte. This contribution affords an effective electrolyte formula for Li metal anode protection and is expected to propel the practical applications of high‐energy‐density Li‒S batteries.
Coating for preventing nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling in salty systems: Effect of the electrostatic and van der waals interactions
Authors: Etha Sai Ankit , Sivasankar Vishal Sankar , Sachar Harnoor Singh , Das Siddhartha 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDevelopment of anti‐biofouling coating has attracted immense attention for reducing the massively detrimental effects of biofouling in systems ranging from ship hulls and surgical instruments to catheters, implants, and stents. In this paper, we propose a model to quantify the role of electrostatic and van der Waals (vdW) forces in dictating the efficacy of dielectric coating for preventing the nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling in salty systems. The model considers a generic charged lipid‐bilayer encapsulated vesicle‐like structure representing the bio‐organism. Also, we consider the fouling caused by the nonspecific adhesion of the bio‐organism on the substrate, without accounting for the explicit structures (e.g., pili, appendages) or conditions (e.g., surface adhesins secreted by the organisms) involved in the adhesion of specific microorganism. The model is tested by considering the properties of actual coating materials and biofouling causing microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, algae). Results show that while the electrostatic‐vdW effect can be significant in anti‐biofouling action for cases where the salt concentration is relatively low (e.g., saline solution for surgical instruments), it might not be effective for marine environment where the salt concentration is much higher. The findings, therefore, point to a hitherto unexplored driving mechanism of anti‐biofouling action of the coating. Such an identification will also enable the appropriate choices of the coating materials (e.g., possible dielectric material with volume charge) and other system parameters (e.g., salinity of the solution for storing the surgical instruments) that will significantly improve the efficiency of the coatings in preventing the nonspecific adhesion mediated biofouling.
Fabrication of antigen‐containing nanoparticles using microfluidics with Tesla structure
Authors: Qiu Yao , Liu Yun , Xu Yuhong , Li Zhenzhen , Chen Jian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe polyethyleneimine (PEI)‐based antigen delivery system has been proved valuable for therapeutic vaccines. However, the previous bulk mixing method is not ideal to prepare PEI‐base antigen‐ containing nanoparticles. The wide‐size distribution and poor reproducibility limit its further application. In this research, we developed a microfluidic method to prepare nanopolyplexes on chips with Tesla structure to improve the fabrication. The structure and bioactivity of protein were not hampered by the shearing force in microfluidics. Comparison between physiochemical parameters suggested that the polyplexes prepared by Tesla chips were more uniform than those prepared by bulk mixing and non‐Tesla chips. The reproducibility was improved obviously. The preparation was not influence much by the operating parameters such as flow rates, reagents concentration, and switching of inlets. The results indicated that it was a robust and reliable method. The data that were obtained from BMDC model demonstrated that the nanopolyplexes with optimal weight ratio had higher antigen cross‐presentation efficiency than those in free antigen group. In conclusion, Tesla structured microfluidics offers a better method over bulk mixing in the preparation of PEI‐based antigen‐containing nanopolyplexes. It greatly expands the scope of our study and increases the potential of PEI‐based antigen delivery system.
Velocity profiles and basal stresses in natural debris flows
Authors: Nagl Georg , Hübl Johannes , Kaitna Roland 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe internal deformation within debris flows holds essential information on dynamics and flow resistance of such mass‐wasting processes. Systematic measurements of velocity profiles in real‐scale debris flows are not yet available. Additionally, data on basal stresses of the solid and the fluid phase are rare. Here, we present and analyse measurements of vertical velocity profiles in two debris flows naturally occurring in the Gadria Creek, Italy. The method is based on cross‐correlation of paired conductivity signals from an array of sensors installed on a fin‐shaped wall located in the middle of the channel. Additionally, we measure normal stress and pore fluid pressure by two force plates with integrated pressure transducers. We find internal deformation throughout the flows. Only at the very front was some en‐bloc movement observed. Velocity profiles varied from front to tail and between flows. For one debris flow, pore fluid pressure close to normal stress was measured, whereas the other flow was less liquefied. The median shear rates were mostly less than 5 s−1 and Savage numbers at the basal layer ranged from 0.01 to 1. Our results highlight the variable nature of debris flows and provide quantitative data on shear rate and basal stress distribution to help guide model development for hazard assessment and landscape evolution. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Orostachys japonicus extract inhibits the lipopolysaccharide‐induced pro‐inflammatory factors by suppression of transcription factors
Authors: Lee Hyeong‐Seon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOrostachys japonicus (O. japonicus) was extracted with ethanol (EtOH) and sequentially separated with organic solvents, including n‐hexane (Hex), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n‐butanol (BuOH), and water (H2O). All the fractions were confirmed for anti‐inflammatory activity in an inflammatory condition. The DCM fraction showed the highest anti‐inflammatory ability. Here, we examined the effect of DCM fraction and investigated the intracellular signaling pathways in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The DCM fraction significantly inhibited the mRNA levels of pro‐inflammatory mediators and cytokines including iNOS, COX‐2, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐6, and IP‐10 in LPS‐stimulated cells. Also, the treatment of DCM fraction excellently reduced the expression of the proteins of AP‐1 (phospho‐c‐Jun and phospho‐c‐Fos) and phospho‐IRF3 as transcription factors. As a result, it suppressed LPS‐induced inflammatory mediator and cytokines via inhibition of transcription factors. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that DCM fraction has a strong anti‐inflammatory activity that improves the inflammatory state.
Anti‐inflammatory effect from extracts of Red Chinese cabbage and Aronia in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells
Authors: Kwak Jung Hyun , Kim Yoonji , Ryu Soo In , Lee Minho , Lee Hyo‐Jeong , Lim Yong Pyo , Paik Jean Kyung 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA chronic inflammatory environment facilitates tumor growth and proliferation. Fruits and vegetables are important sources of anthocyanins, polyphenols, and other biologically active substances that can favorably affect the pathogenesis of cancer. The objective of the study was to investigate the anti‐inflammatory effects of Red Chinese cabbage (RC) and mixture of commercial Red Chinese cabbage leaves and Aronia fruits (ARC) in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The RAW 264.7 cells were cultured and measured the cytotoxicity by using an MTT assay. The inflammatory markers, such as nitrite, IL‐6, and TNF‐alpha expression, were evaluated using ELISA, and protein expression of inflammatory markers like iNOS and COX‐2 was analyzed using Western blot. MTT assays showed that pretreatment of RAW 264.7 cells with RC and ARC did not change cell growth or cytotoxicity. We also found that ARC extracts reduced inflammation‐related biomarker (TNF‐a, IL‐6, and NO) production and gene expression (iNOS, COX‐2). Our results suggested that ARC has good anti‐inflammatory properties compared with RC that maybe used as potential nutrients for treating inflammatory diseases.
Investigating the temporal dynamics of electroencephalogram (EEG) microstates using recurrent neural networks
Authors: Sikka Apoorva , Jamalabadi Hamidreza , Krylova Marina , Alizadeh Sarah , van der Meer Johan N. , Danyeli Lena , Deliano Matthias , Vicheva Petya , Hahn Tim , Koenig Thomas , Bathula Deepti R. , Walter Martin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractElectroencephalogram (EEG) microstates that represent quasi‐stable, global neuronal activity are considered as the building blocks of brain dynamics. Therefore, the analysis of microstate sequences is a promising approach to understand fast brain dynamics that underlie various mental processes. Recent studies suggest that EEG microstate sequences are non‐Markovian and nonstationary, highlighting the importance of the sequential flow of information between different brain states. These findings inspired us to model these sequences using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) consisting of long‐short‐term‐memory (LSTM) units to capture the complex temporal dependencies. Using an LSTM‐based auto encoder framework and different encoding schemes, we modeled the microstate sequences at multiple time scales (200–2,000 ms) aiming to capture stably recurring microstate patterns within and across subjects. We show that RNNs can learn underlying microstate patterns with high accuracy and that the microstate trajectories are subject invariant at shorter time scales (≤400 ms) and reproducible across sessions. Significant drop in the reconstruction accuracy was observed for longer sequence lengths of 2,000 ms. These findings indirectly corroborate earlier studies which indicated that EEG microstate sequences exhibit long‐range dependencies with finite memory content. Furthermore, we find that the latent representations learned by the RNNs are sensitive to external stimulation such as stress while the conventional univariate microstate measures (e.g., occurrence, mean duration, etc.) fail to capture such changes in brain dynamics. While RNNs cannot be configured to identify the specific discriminating patterns, they have the potential for learning the underlying temporal dynamics and are sensitive to sequence aberrations characterized by changes in metal processes. Empowered with the macroscopic understanding of the temporal dynamics that extends beyond short‐term interactions, RNNs offer a reliable alternative for exploring system level brain dynamics using EEG microstate sequences.
Test–retest reliability and minimal detectable change of corticospinal tract integrity in chronic stroke
Authors: Lewis Allison F. , Myers Makenzie , Heiser Jenny , Kolar Melissa , Baird Jessica F. , Stewart Jill C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to index white matter integrity of the corticospinal tract (CST) after stroke; however, the psychometric properties of DTI‐based measures of white matter integrity are unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine test–retest reliability as determined by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and calculate minimal detectable change (MDC) of DTI‐based measures of CST integrity using three different approaches: a Cerebral Peduncle approach, a Probabilistic Tract approach, and a Tract Template approach. Eighteen participants with chronic stroke underwent DTI on the same magnetic resonance imaging scanner 4 days apart. For the Cerebral Peduncle approach, a researcher hand drew masks at the cerebral peduncle. For the Probabilistic Tract approach, tractography was seeded in motor areas of the cortex to the cerebral peduncle. For the Tract Template approach, a standard CST template was transformed into native space. For all approaches, the researcher performing analyses was blind to participant number and day of data collection. All three approaches had good to excellent test–retest reliability for fractional anisotropy (FA; ICCs >0.786). Mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, and radial diffusivity were less reliable than FA. The ICC values were highest and MDC values were the smallest for the most automated approach (Tract Template), followed by the combined manual/automated approach (Probabilistic Tract) then the manual approach (Cerebral Peduncle). The results of this study may have implications for how DTI‐based measures of CST integrity are used to define impairment, predict outcomes, and interpret change after stroke.