bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A questão maquiavélica e as diferentes formas de governo na ordenação do Stato: Uma leitura do Discorso sopra il riformare lo Stato de Firenze
Authors: Assis Jean Felipe de 
Published: February 2020

A Expressão Questão maquiavélica foi popularizada por Isaiah Berlin ao ponderar sobre a fortuna crítica do pensamento político do secretário florentino. Há divergências entre as interpretações monocráticas e republicanas das obras de Machiavelli, as quais centram-se, especialmente, nas possíveis discrepâncias existentes entre Il Principe e os Discorsi. Diversos contextos históricos permitem múltiplas apropriações das ideias presentes nesses e outros textos desse autor: um pensador amoral na ausência das premissas religiosas; um republicano a lutar pela liberdade popular aos moldes dos pensamentos iluministas e posteriormente românticos; um patriota a almejar a libertação e a unificação da Itália no Risorgimento; um nacionalista a compreender os limites dos interesses populares na ascensão do Fascismo; e tantas outras possibilidades receptivas. Todavia, na leitura dos textos de Machiavelli, destaca-se a criação de uma civilità, uma Ordem civil virtuosa a promover união entre os cidadãos, amor à Pátria e incentivo à defesa da Liberdade, a agir de acordo com necessidades específicas, evitando a Tirania, as facções e os privilégios de cidadãos particulares. Desse modo, em uma leitura do Discorso Reformare Stato di Firenze, em paralelos com temas e passagens específicas nos Discorsi e em Il Principe, constatam-se posições políticas plurais assumidas por Machiavelli de acordo com a necessidade e com a Ocasião, essas que corroboram a variedade na recepção de suas ideias e devem ser compreendidas em sua complementaridade em seus contextos iniciais.
Cooperação e o recurso a uma base pública de justificação em Rawls/Cooperation and the appeal to a public base for justification in Rawls
Authors: Barbosa Evandro 
Published: February 2020

Revisitando as obras seminais de John Rawls, propõe-se analisar em que medida os termos equitativos de cooperação nas sociedades democráticas marcadas pelo pluralismo de valores, aliada à ideia de razão pública, permite estabelecer uma concepção pública e compartilhada de justiça. Abstract: By revising the seminal John Rawls’s works, we claim to analyze how the equitative terms of cooperation in Democratic societies, which are characterized by values pluralism, allied to the idea of public reason, may provide us a public and shared conception of justice. Keywords: cooperation, public reason, contract, justice.
Analisis Ketercapaian Indikator Standar Proses Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Stepanili Dwitri , Rochman Chaerul , Samsul Bambang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. This article aims to determine the achievement of the standard education process at Cisaat 1 Public Middle School. This research is a descriptive qualitative research by collecting data in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the attainment of process standards at Cisaat 1 Public High School is 96.2% when compared to all the maximum scores that should be achieved in the standard process forms. This study recommends exploring the indicators that have not been optimally achieved, especially indicators of a maximum of 32 people. Although it feels good, empowerment, utilization and maintenance of the learning process in schools must be improved. This is intended to improve the quality of education and satisfaction of community expectations.Abstrak. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketercapaian standar proses pendidikan di SMPN 1 Cisaat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitaian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Adapun hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pencapaian standar proses di SMPN 1 Cisaat sebesar 96,2% jika dibanding dengan seluruh skor maksimum yang seharusnya dicapai pada borang standar proses. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan untuk mendalami indikator-indikator yang belum tercapai dengan optimal khususnya indikator rombongan belajar maksimum 32 orang. Meski dirasa telah baik, namun pemberdayaan, pemanfaatan dan pemeliharaan proses pembelajaran disekolah harus ditingkatkan. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan dan pemuasan harapan masyarakat.
Manuscript copies of Navoi’s “Arba’in”
Authors: Pulatova Malohat 
Published: February 2020

It was a tradition to interpret Arba’in's "Chihil Hadith" in the Oriental classic literature, that is, to compile a total of 40 hadiths and explain its meanings to ordinary people. Observations show that each era has its "Arba’in", which has a clear theme and purpose. From the Prophet Muhammad (saas): "Whoever memorizes the forbidden I of my hadiths and teaches it and teaches it to others, it will be under my shade on the Day of Judgment." Therefore, they have sought to memorize 40 of the hadiths and convey them to the people. The word "Arba’in" means: -40. It also means to sit for 40 days, that is, for 40 days of sufis, and 40 days after the death of the Sufis and 40 days after their death. Forty days are called the period of purification.
The medieval thinkers have selected more than 40 of the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) with respect to different moral and Islamic rules. They have tried to explain the meaning and meaning of the forty hadiths to the public. They used the prose and the verse in a productive way.
In this article we aim to provide some information about manuscripts of Arba’in, which is kept in the main fund of the Abu Reikhan Beruniy Oriental Manuscript Center at the Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies.
Description of real life and reflection of the problems of the period in the riddles (on the example of Shukur Kholmirzaev's story "Kuk dengiz ") "The blue sea"
Authors: Mamayusupova Saodat Mamatkulovna , Shukurova Khalima Sunnatullayevna 
Published: February 2020

This article discusses the role and importance of the riddle genre in representing real basis. The sense that everyone should speak or listen to the riddle, and that subsequent generations have the value of riddles as a tradition, has been relevant to instill in the stories of Shukur Kholmirzaev. For example, the epigraph to the story is, “Sweet, sweet, what is the sweetest? Everybody responds to the mystery hidden question with the words "child." In the stories of Shukur Kholmirzaev, we can see that the story began as soon as it was epigraphized with the answer of “water”. Indeed, it is impossible to live without water. But there are also families with no children. The fact that proves real value of the riddles in education and upbringing is thought-provoking nature of the genre and the comparison of Altai people and the riddles of the Uzbek people.
Terms and terminology in the Uzbek and English languages
Authors: Norova Mexri Bakhtiyorovna , Narziyeva Inobat Zoirovna 
Published: February 2020

Today richness of Uzbek terminology is mainly due to the use of other languages and word formation is giving. The main factor that determines the stability of a particular terminological system in a particular field is its regularity. Terminology has its own peculiarities. For example, if the common language is synonymy, harmony, and richness of the language, it is a negative phenomenon in terminology. The Uzbek language has gone through a well-known path of development.
Kentlerimiz Dirençli mi? Kırılgan mı?
Authors: BODUR Alper 
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi,
İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi, Kamu Yönetimi Bölümü, Yerel Yönetimler,
Kent ve Çevre Politikaları Anabilim Dalı öğretim üyesi Doç. Dr. Yunus Emre Özer
tarafından kaleme alınan ve Ekin Yayınevi tarafından yayınlanan"Risk Azaltma Yaklaşımı
Çerçevesinde Dirençli Kentler" isimli kitaba ilişkin
tartışmalar yer almaktadır.
Growth Chamber Assay for Evaluating Resistance to Athelia rolfsii
Authors: Bennett R.S. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Planting resistant cultivars is most sustainable method for managing Athelia rolfsii (= Sclerotium rolfsii), one of the most damaging pathogens of peanut worldwide. However, evaluating germplasm for resistance in the field can be complicated by unfavorable environmental conditions, uneven distribution of sclerotia in soil, and difficulty in growing non-standard peanut genotypes such as wild species. Thus, a growth-chamber assay was used to screen for resistance to A. rolfsii in the laboratory. Thirteen peanut genotypes were used to test the assay: cultivars Georgia-03L, Georgia-12Y, Florida-07, Georgia-07W, Tamrun OL02, FloRun ‘107′, Georgia-06G, and U.S. mini-core accessions CC038 (PI 493581), CC041 (PI 493631), CC068 (PI 493880), CC384 (PI 155107), CC650 (PI 478819), and CC787 (PI 429420). Lesion length, as well as length of visible mycelium, on the main stem and a side stem were recorded at 4, 7, 10, and 13 days after inoculation. In general, patterns of lesion and mycelium growth were similar. The most resistant genotypes, Georgia-03L and CC650, had the smallest lesions and least mycelium growth. However, Georgia-12Y, one of the most resistant cultivars available today, appeared less resistant than Georgia-03L in the assay. Other commercial cultivars were intermediate in lesion and mycelium lengths. The most susceptible entries were CC038, CC041, and CC787. Despite limitations in discriminating among genotypes with intermediate resistance to A. rolfsii, these assays may be useful for pre-screening germplasm to identify physiologically resistant and highly susceptible entries, as well as for screening Arachis species that are difficult to grow in the field.
The significance of ankle-brachial index in determining peripheral artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus over 40 years of age and the relationship of peripheral artery disease with chronic complications of diabetes
Authors: YİĞENOĞLU Tuğçe Nur , KEBAPÇI Medine , ÖZEN Hülya 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Peripheral artery disease
(PAD) acts as an important predictor of mortality and morbidity in
cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. The incidence of PAD was reported
to be 2 to 4 times higher in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic
patients. Ankle brachial index (ABI) is
an easily applicable method for the diagnosis of PAD. The aim of this study is
to determine the prevalence of PAD by using ABI in patients with Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) over 40 years of age, compare the results with lower
extremity arterial Doppler ultrasonography (USG) and to reveal the relationship
between chronic complications of DM and PAD.

Material and Method: The study included
111 DM patients over 40 years of age. ABI; was calculated by dividing the
higher systolic blood pressures (SBP) taken from both ankle levels to the
higher SBPs measured in both arms and defined as "ABI-1". ABI-2 was
calculated by dividing the lower SBPs taken from both ankle levels to the
higher SBPs measured from both arms. ABI values ​​calculated by both methods
were divided into 3 groups according to cut off values. ABI values ​​of 0.9 and
less in Group 1, ​​between 0.9 and 1.30 in Group 2, ​​between 0.9 and 1.40 in
Group 3 were interpreted in favor of PAD.

Results: The prevalence of PAD was
19.8%. The most specific group for detecting PAD was ABI-2G1, and the most
sensitive groups were ABI-1G2 and ABI-2G2. A significant relationship was found
between PAD and clopidogrel use, decreased vibration sensation, age, duration
of DM, insulin resistance, glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria,
homocysteine ​​and uric acid levels.

Conclusion: ABI is a sensitive method
for detecting PAD. The
superior side of our study compared to the other studies is that the ABI is
calculated by 2 methods and ABI values are divided into 3 groups according to
cut off values (≤0,9 ; ≤0,9 - &gt;1,30 ; ≤0,9 - &gt;1,40).
Pengaruh latar belakang pendidikan dan bimbingan orang tua terhadap motivasi belajar siswa
Authors: Astuti Sri Rezeki , Dayanti Salfiyah Isma , Laily Nujumul , Hasanah Raudhah Aisyu 
Published: February 2020

<p class="16aJudulAbstrak"> </p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak">Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi hasil pengamatan dan pengalaman peneliti bahwa motivasi belajar siswa tergolong rendah, masih banyak siswa yang kurang aktif dalam pembelajaran. Adapun tujuan penelitian yang akan kami lakukan yaitu untuk: 1) Untuk menganalisis latar belakang pendidikan orang tua Mts Darul Himmah. 2) Untuk menganalisis seberapa penting bimbingan orang tua dalam motivasi belajar siswa Mts Darul Himmah. 3) Untuk menganalisis pengaruh latar belakang pendidikan dan bimbingan orang tua terhadap motivasi belajar siswa MTs Darul Himmah Depok.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 77 siswa.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi linear ganda dengan SPSS 16. Berdasarkan data SPSS 16, diperoleh nilai F<sub>hitung </sub>sebesar 10,212 dengan nilai probalitas (Sig) 0,000.karena nilai probalitas (Sig) 0,000 &lt; 0,05 maka model persamaaan regresi berdasarkan data penelitian adalah signifikan.Model persamaan regresi berganda untuk memperkirakan motivasi belajar siswa yang dipengaruhi oleh latar belakang pendidikan dan bimbingan orang tua adalah 5.632 + 0.120X₁ + 0.342X₂. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu latar belakang pendidikan orang tua tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa.Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara bimbingan orang tua terhadap motivasi belajar siswa.</p><p class="16cKataKunci"> </p><p class="15aJudulAbstractBInggris">Abstract</p><p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris">This research is motivated by the results of observations and experiences of researchers that student motivation is relatively low, there are still many students who are less active in learning. The purpose of the research we will do is to: 1) To analyze the educational background of MTs Darul Himmah's parents. 2) To analyze how important parental guidance is in students' motivation in MTs Darul Himmah. 3) To analyze the influence of educational background and parental guidance on student motivation in MTs Darul Himmah Depok. This study uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 77 students. Data collection techniques using questionnaire. The data obtained were then analyzed using the multiple linear regression test with SPSS 16. Based on the SPSS 16 data, a Fount value of 10.212 was obtained with a probability value (Sig) of 0.000. Because the probability value (Sig) of 0,000 &lt;0.05, the regression equation model was based the research data is significant. The multiple regression equation models for estimating student motivation is influenced by educational background and parental guidance is 5,632 + 0.120X₁ + 0.342X₂. The conclusion of this study is that the educational background of parents does not have a significant effect on student motivasion. There is a significant influence between parental guidance on student motivasion.</p>
Penyuluhan dengan disiplin sosial masyarakat dalam penanggulangan sampah
Authors: Ayu Mustika 
Published: February 2020

<p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris">This study aims to determine how the effect of counseling on social discipline of the community on waste management, survey methods with interviews and observations. Knowing the effect of counseling on social discipline of the community on waste management.</p><p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris"> </p><p class="16aJudulAbstrak">Abstract </p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap disiplin social masyarakat terhadap penanggulangan sampah, metode survey dengan wawancara dan observasi. Mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap disiplin social masyarakat terhadap penanggulangan sampah.</p>
Pengaruh ibu bekerja dan peran ayah terhadap prestasi belajar anak
Authors: Astriani Novy 
Published: February 2020

<p class="15bIsiAbstractBInggris">This study aims to determine the effect of working mothers and the role of fathers on children's learning achievement in Pasir Buncir Bogor. The research method used is a grounded research method with RT (Rukun Tetangga) respondents and community leaders who are in RW 01 (Rukun Warga). The results of this study indicate that parents are very important for each of their children, but because of busy parents who work many children who do not get full attention. Based on the results of data analysis it can be concluded that parents, fathers and mothers still have a large role and responsibility for the growth and development of their children. Given the magnitude of the problems faced by children in their growth and development, it is only natural that parents provide more optimal attention, guidance, and supervision to their children.</p><p class="15cKeywordsBInggris"> </p><p class="16aJudulAbstrak"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="16bIsiAbstrak">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ibu bekerja dan peran ayah terhadap prestasi belajar anak di Pasir Buncir Bogor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode grounded research dengan responden RT (Rukun Tetangga) dan tokoh masyarakat yang berada di RW 01 (Rukun Warga). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orang tua sangat berperan penting bagi setiap anaknya, namun karena kesibukkan orang tua yang bekerja banyak anak yang kurang mendapatkan perhatian sepenuhnya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa orang tua, ayah dan ibu tetap memiliki peran dan tanggung jawab yang besar terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan putra-putrinya. Mengingat besarnya permasalahan yang dihadapi anak dalam masa pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya maka sudah sewajarnya jika para orang tua memberikan perhatian, bimbingan, dan pengawasan yang lebih optimal kepada anak-anaknya.</p>
Pengaruh kesejahteraan guru terhadap kinerja guru PAUD di Kp.Cibadak Kayumanis Bogor
Authors: Massalim Sifa Zulfah 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesejahteraan seorang guru berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Grounded Research dengan melibatkan responden 4 guru Raudhatul Athfal di Kampung Cibadak Kayumanis Bogor. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesejahteraan guru Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dalam bentuk sertifikasi berpengaruh terhadap Kinerja seorang guru PAUD.<p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>This study aims to determine the welfare of a teacher plays an important role in improving the performance of Early Childhood Education teachers. The research method used was Grounded Research by involving 4 respondents Raudhatul Athfal teachers in Kampung Cibadak Kayumanis Bogor. The results of this study indicate that the welfare of Early Childhood Education teachers in the form of certification affects the performance of a PAUD teacher.</em></p>
TATAKELOLA WILAYAH SUMBER MATA AIR TIRTO ARUM, DESA SRIMULYO, KECAMATAN DAMPIT KABUPATEN MALANG
Authors: Sinollah Sinollah 
Published: February 2020

Sumber air Tirto Arum merpakan satu-satunya sumber air yang tetap mengalir meskipun musim kemarau, khususnya di Dusun Krajan, Desa Srimulyo Kecamatan Dampit, Kabupaten Malang. Sumber air ini sudah dikelola dan sudah didistribusikan kepada 196 KK. Pada tanggal 20 Pebruari 2019 pompa air mengalami kerusakan karena tertimbun longsor. Selain itu, mesin pompa air berkekuatan 7,5 PK dengan kapasitas ketinggian 80 meter digunakan untuk mengaliri air dengan kapasitas ketinggian 100 meter, diluar kapasitas kerja mesin, sehingga penghubung yang menghubungkan antara dinamo dan kipas di dalam mesin terlepas. Secara kepemilikan, sumber air dan tandon masih menjadi milik pribadi. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah melakukan pendampingan pengelolaan sumber air Tirto Arum dengan melibatkan peran serta pengelola, BPD dan masyarakat dan di Desa Srimulyo. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kerjasama lintas program dengan pengelola, kerjasama lintas sektor dengan aparat desa dan masyarakat dengan pendekatan Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah: 1). Berfungsinya kembali mesin pompa air untuk mengalirkan air dari sumber air Tirto Arum ke tandon yang selanjutnya didistribusikan ke warga; 2). tertatanya lingkungan sumber air Tirto Arum dengan cara dibersihkan longsoran dan membuat dinding penahan longsor dengan menggunakan karung yang diisi tanah dan pasir; 3). Sumber air Tirto Arum resmi menjadi milik Desa Srimulyo, begitu juga lahan yang ditempati tandon air dengan telah ditandatanganinya perjanjian hibah secara tertulis di atas materai antara pemilik sumber air (Bapak Wagiman) dan pemilik tanah tempat tandon (Bapak Mul) dengan Desa Srimulyo (diwakili Kepala Desa); 4). Ditanda tanganinya MoU antara Unira Malang (diwakili oleh Ketua LPPM) dan Pemerintah Desa Srimulyo (diwakili Kepala Desa) sebagai langkah awal untuk pelaksanaan Tridharma Perguruan Tinggi di Desa Srimulyo.
Kesesuaian Pemeriksaan jamur antara pewarnaan periodic acid schiff(PAS) dan KOH pada flour albus ibu hamil di RSUD dr Soetomo Surabaya
Authors: Arya Shinta , Kawilarang Arthur pohan 
Published: February 2020

Background: Candidiasis vaginalis is a form of vaginal infection by Candida spp, estimated to occur in women of childbearing age in 70-75% of the cases. Clinical history, symptoms and laboratory examinations are very important to diagnose candidiasis vaginalis. Vaginal discharge examination can be done by direct or wet, and culture examination. Microscopic examination can be used to prove the existence of yeast form of Candida. This method is simple, can be applied in clinical microbiology laboratory with limited resources and is considered effective because it is cheap and results are obtained in a short time compared to culture. Detection of fungi by Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining is visually better than KOH. The aim of this study is to analyze the concordance between Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and KOH method for fungal detection in flour albus from pregnant women.
Method: This research is a descriptive observational study to figure out the suitability of Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and KOH method for fungal detection in flour albus from pregnant women with cross sectional approach. Samples were collected in the form of 30 vaginal discharge specimens taken from pregnant women and sent to the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. The study was conducted in July - August 2019.
Result: There was a significant difference in fungal detection between Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining (56.7%, 17 samples) and 20% KOH method (6 samples) out of 30 samples (p=0.017). The concordance between Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and KOH method for fungal detection in flour albus from pregnant women is low (Kappa=0.321).
Conclusion: Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining detects more fungi when compared to KOH, and therefore is considered as a better method.
Keywords: Flour albus, pregnancy, Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), KOH.