bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in wound infection on the skin surface
Authors: Ekawati E R , Darmanto W , Wahyuningsih S P A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Wound infection on the skin surface is colonized a wide variety of microorganisms. Microorganisms that cause inflammation of the skin surface is group of pyogenic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the class of pyogenic bacteria that produce β-lactamase enzyme and eliminate the antibacterial activity, especially penicillin. The existence of this enzyme will destroy β-lactam ring, so that antibiotics become inactive. This study aimed to detect presence of Staphylococcus aureus on pus from wound infection on the skin surface. This study was descriptive qualitative. Three samples of pus was isolated and identified by culture and biochemical testing using RapID STAPH PLUS. The results of the study identified two isolates of Staphylococcus aureus with a probability >99.9% and 1 isolate of Staphylococcus hyicus with a probability 86.92%.
Comparison between chemical and natural treatments for bamboo as building material towards sustainable construction method
Authors: Setiyowati E , Mappaturi A B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to compare these two different methods, which one is better yet easier to be used by the local community. This paper adopts a content analysis method in order to achieve the research objectives on bamboo as a sustainable construction material. The variables are determine better ways with low cost, short period of time, and the procedure of the treatment. This paper shows that the natural treatment for bamboo is better and much more friendlier to be practised by the local communities. Results of this study also inform that the procedures are complicated as compared to the chemical treatment but, it can be done easily by the local people who has more understanding of how to work with bamboo. The time needed for this natural process is the same as the chemical treatment, but the cost is cheaper. This study highlighted the importance of using the natural bamboo treatment for construction industry in Indonesia.
Productivity of soybean under palm oil plantation on tidal swamps due to several packages of technology
Authors: Harsono A , Wijanarko A , Lestari S A D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The research was aimed to determine soybean productivity in various technological packages for soybean cultivation under palm oil plantations on tidal swamps. The research was conducted in Barito Kuala, South Kalimantan, using a randomized block design with four replications. The treatment consists of six technological packages, namely: (1) farmer’s technology, (2) recommendation, (3) improvement-1, (4) improvement-2, (5) improvement-3, and (6) improvement-4. The results indicate that plantations of oil palm on type C tidal swamps is suitable for soybean development. On the tidal swamps with pH soils 4.30, low of K and Ca, recommendation technology can increase pH soils from 4.30 to 5.15; availability of P, Ca and Mg; N and K uptake; plant weight; filled pods and increase seed yields 86% from farmer’s technology 1.00 to 1.86 t/ha. Improvement-1 technology increase pH soils from 4.30 to 6.05; nutrient availability (N, P, K, Ca and Mg); K uptake; plant weight; root nodules; filled pods and increase seed yields 100% from farmer’s technology 1.00 to 2.00 t/ha. Increased doses of dolomite, organic, N and P fertilizers from improvement-1 technological packages did not significantly increase seeds yield. This finding suggest that for developing soybean on tidal swamps, recommendation or improvements-1 technological packages could be recommended.
Screening of antagonistic fungi against web blight disease and identification of volatile metabolites produced by Trichoderma
Authors: Yusnawan E , Inayati A , Baliadi Y 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Aerial web blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the main soil borne pathogens which infects soybean crops. Biological control using antagonistic fungi has been reported promising to reduce the incidence of this disease. This study aimed to determine antagonistic activity of Trichoderma virens and T. asperellum against R. solani and to investigate total phenolic changes in soybean plants which interact with those Trichoderma in infected soil. Volatile metabolites produced by Trichoderma were also detected and identified. Antagonistic activity of five isolates of T. virens and five isolates of T. asperellum were comparable; the ranges of in vitro antagonistic activities were 88.7-99.6% and 85.7-91.3%, respectively. Both Trichoderma were able to reduce R. solani infection. Disease intensities of 22-40% and 24-40% for T. virens and T. asperellum were observed lower than that of control (> 50%). The increase of total phenolic and flavonoid contents depended on Trichoderma isolates. Volatile compounds were detected in both Trichoderma. Isolates of T. asperellum (F isolate) and T. virens (E isolate) triggered the increase of total phenolic contents which could be potential for biological control agents to induce systemic resistance in soybean.
Effect fix drag-reducing on blades to performance of savonius wind turbine
Authors: Siregar I H , Effendy M , Rasyid A H A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article proposes a design model for vertical axis wind turbines based on drag forces by adding fix drag-reducing to the blades tested by subsonic wind tunnel with wind speeds of 3-6 m/s and opening angle variations of fix drag-reducing from 0, 15, 30 and 45°. The research explained that at the opening angle of 15° can improve the performance of the wind turbine model significantly at high wind speeds on the contrary for larger angle openings. The addition of fix drag-reducing instead reduces the performance of the wind turbine model considerably on all variations of wind speed tested.
The effect of additional skim and fermentation time on the amount of lactic acid bacteria and the pH of soyghurt
Authors: Guntiyastutik E , Sugiarto  , Nuhrawangsa A M P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of 5% skim and fermentation time on the number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of soyghurt. This study used completely randomized factorial design with 2 factors: skim addition and fermentation time. Standard soyghurt consisted of soybean juice, granulated sugar (5%), and starter (2%) containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Streptococcus thermophilus, fermented at 37oC for 10, 12, and 14 h. LAB were cultured in deMann Rogossa and Sharp (MRS) medium and then calculated by total plate count. The number of LAB in soyghurt with 5% skim addition is higher (1.76 x 108 CFU/ml) than soyghurt without 5% skim addition (5.9 x 106 CFU/ml). The number of LAB increased along with the length of fermentation. However, a significant difference in the average number of soyghurt lactic acid bacteria (p >0.05) are not found in 10 h, 12 h, and 14 h fermentation in both treatments. The longer fermentation time indicated that the pH of soyghurt was smaller. These results suggested that the addition of 5% skim and 14 h fermentation resulted in soyghurt with the highest number of LAB with pH of 3.25.
Performance Evaluation of PV Plant at Al-Ahliyya Amman University in Jordan
Authors: Hamzeh Ali , Awwad Mahmoud 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The objective of the paper is to analyse the technical performance over 2018 of the grid-tied 1MWp solar PV plant installed on the roofs of eight buildings at the campus of Al-Ahliyya Amman University (AAU) in Jordan. The plant comprises 3869 modules of 260 Wp each, oriented due south with mixed tilt angles of 5° and10°. The structure of the plant is configured as eight PV units connected in parallel to the main distribution substation 11 kV/0.4 kV. The plant SCADA system is designed using Internet of Things and programmable logic controllers. According to the conditions of the electricity utility, the SCADA system controls the output of inverters to prevent any injection of PV power in the grid. This utility restriction is found to lead to bad evaluation indicators. According to the evaluation results, the measured specific yield (1203 kWh/kWp) is less than the estimated one without restriction (1727 kWh/kWp) by about 30%. Whereas the annual yield as computed by software PVSYST V5.71 amounts 1737362 kWh, the measured yield considering the utility limitations is 1203380 kWh. Accordingly, the capacity factor (13.7%) and the performance ratio (62.5%) are found to be significantly reduced.
Thermoeconomic Analysis of a Mobile Air Conditioning Unit Using the Specific Exergy Cost (SPECO) Method
Authors: Hepbasli A , Ozcan HG , Gunerhan H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In recent years, many researchers have used exergy-based analysis and assessment methods such as exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental as powerful tools to solve practical problems in the design and to improve energy-related systems. The main objectives of this contribution are to analyse and assess the performance of a mobile air conditioning (MAC) system from the thermoeconomic point of view that combines energy quality and economic issues. We used the specific exergy cost (SPECO) method to calculate exergy-related parameters and display cost flows for all streams and components in the whole system. In this context, we considered a vapour compressed MAC unit (utilizing R134a as a refrigerant) of a public bus with a capacity of 99 passengers and a volume of 69 m3. In the analysis, we utilized the real data obtained from the measurements. Based on the exergetic analysis, while the highest exergy destruction rate was determined to be 3.7 kW for the compressor, with a minimum value of 0.15 kW due to the condenser unit. Furthermore, through the SPECO method, the highest and lowest exergoeconomic factors belonged to the condenser with 0.63 and the expansion valve with 0.05, respectively.
Degenerate squeezing in waveguides: a unified theoretical approach
Authors: Helt L G , Quesada N 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We consider pulsed-pump spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC) as well as pulsed single- and dual-pump spontaneous four-wave mixing processes in waveguides within a unified Hamiltonian theoretical framework. Working with linear operator equations in k-space, our approach allows inclusion of linear losses, self- and cross-phase modulation, and dispersion to any order. We describe state evolution in terms of second-order moments, for which we develop explicit expressions. We use our approach to calculate the joint spectral amplitude of degenerate squeezing using SPDC analytically in the perturbative limit, benchmark our theory against well-known results in the limit of negligible group velocity dispersion, and study the suitability of recently proposed sources for quantum sampling experiments.
Effects of pulse rise time and repetition frequency on nanosecond pulsed plasma ignition for combustion
Authors: Alderman David , Tremble Christopher , Singleton Dan , Sanders Jason , Jiang Chunqi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Transient plasma ignition (TPI) employs highly non-equilibrium plasmas driven by nanosecond high-voltage pulses for combustion ignition. The effects of rise time and pulse repetition frequency (PRF) on combustion ignition are evaluated when transient plasmas, powered by 10-ns, kilovolt pulses, are employed to initiate combustion of lean, stoichiometric, or rich methane-dry air mixtures at atmospheric pressure. It was found that the plasmas driven by high voltage pulses with a faster rise time and PRF between 6–10 kHz enhanced combustion with higher peak pressure and/or shorter ignition delay. A mode transition in the plasma, corresponding to the combustion initiation, was observed based on voltage and current waveforms of four consecutive pulsed plasmas driven by a pulse burst at kilohertz PRFs. Although benefits in combustion ignition from a shorter rise time and optimal PRF were observed for all three equivalence mixture ratios, the highest peak pressure and shortest ignition delay were associated with the stoichiometric mixtures. In addition, the gas temperature of the transient plasma was measured by determining the rotational temperature of the 2nd positive system of nitrogen to be ∼1000 K for the first pulse and increased up to 2000 K after the application of the 4th pulse in a four-pulse burst TPI.
A conditional test with demonstrated insensitivity to unmeasured bias in matched observational studies
Authors: Rosenbaum P R 
Published: April 2020

Summary
In an observational study matched for observed covariates, an association between treatment received and outcome exhibited may indicate not an effect caused by the treatment, but merely some bias in the allocation of treatments to individuals within matched pairs. The evidence that distinguishes moderate biases from causal effects is unevenly dispersed among possible comparisons in an observational study: some comparisons are insensitive to larger biases than others. Intuitively, larger treatment effects tend to be insensitive to larger unmeasured biases, and perhaps matched pairs can be grouped using covariates, doses or response patterns so that groups of pairs with larger treatment effects may be identified. Even if an investigator has a reasoned conjecture about where to look for insensitive comparisons, that conjecture might prove mistaken, or, when not mistaken, it might be received sceptically by other scientists who doubt the conjecture or judge it to be too convenient in light of its success with the data at hand. In this article a test is proposed that searches for insensitive findings over many comparisons, but controls the probability of falsely rejecting a true null hypothesis of no treatment effect in the presence of a bias of specified magnitude. An example is studied in which the test considers many comparisons and locates an interpretable comparison that is insensitive to larger biases than a conventional comparison based on Wilcoxon’s signed rank statistic applied to all pairs. A simulation examines the power of the proposed test. The method is implemented in the R package dstat, which contains the example and reproduces the analysis.
Developing Cross-Border Blockchain Financial Transactions under the Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Zhang Yaolin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article sets out a regulatory framework that facilitates blockchain cross-border financial transactions and examines how this framework can be implemented in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). With increasing globalization and international trade, cross-border financial transactions are set to grow rapidly, especially across the Eurasian region.1 There are currently many challenges facing such transactions, from slow payment systems and different technical standards to varying legal and compliance systems.2 These challenges may be redressed by blockchain, which offers an efficient solution to the current mechanisms adopted in cross-border financial transactions. Currently, there are many experimental initiatives that seek to implement this technology to multiple fields, including remittances, clearance, and settlements.3 However, few researchers have considered in detail how this technology should be regulated in the BRI context. This article will be one of the first in-depth analyses of how laws and regulations can be applied to facilitate cross-border blockchain payments in the BRI context.
Paradox of modelling curved faults revisited with general non-hypersingular stress Green’s functions
Authors: Sato Dye S K , Romanet Pierre , Ando Ryosuke 
Published: April 2020

SUMMARYIn a dislocation problem, a paradoxical discordance is known to occur between an original smooth curve and an infinitesimally discretized curve. To solve this paradox, we have investigated a non-hypersingular expression for the integral kernel (called the stress Green’s function) which describes the stress field caused by the displacement discontinuity. We first develop a compact alternative expression of the non-hypersingular stress Green’s function for general 2-D and 3-D infinite homogeneous elastic media. We next compute the stress Green’s functions on a curved fault and revisit the paradox. We find that previously obtained non-hypersingular stress Green’s functions are incorrect for curved faults, and that smooth and infinitesimally segmented faults are equivalent. Their compatibility bridges the gap between analytical methods featuring curved faults and numerical methods using subdivided flat patches.
Multiplier bootstrap for quantile regression: non-asymptotic theory under random design
Authors: Pan Xiaoou , Zhou Wen-Xin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper establishes non-asymptotic concentration bound and Bahadur representation for the quantile regression estimator and its multiplier bootstrap counterpart in the random design setting. The non-asymptotic analysis keeps track of the impact of the parameter dimension $d$ and sample size $n$ in the rate of convergence, as well as in normal and bootstrap approximation errors. These results represent a useful complement to the asymptotic results under fixed design and provide theoretical guarantees for the validity of Rademacher multiplier bootstrap in the problems of confidence construction and goodness-of-fit testing. Numerical studies lend strong support to our theory and highlight the effectiveness of Rademacher bootstrap in terms of accuracy, reliability and computational efficiency.
Current status of genomic evaluation
Authors: Misztal Ignacy , Lourenco Daniela , Legarra Andres 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEarly application of genomic selection relied on SNP estimation with phenotypes or de-regressed proofs (DRP). Chips of 50k SNP seemed sufficient for an accurate estimation of SNP effects. Genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) were composed of an index with parent average, direct genomic value, and deduction of a parental index to eliminate double counting. Use of SNP selection or weighting increased accuracy with small data sets but had minimal to no impact with large data sets. Efforts to include potentially causative SNP derived from sequence data or high-density chips showed limited or no gain in accuracy. After the implementation of genomic selection, EBV by BLUP became biased because of genomic preselection and DRP computed based on EBV required adjustments, and the creation of DRP for females is hard and subject to double counting. Genomic selection was greatly simplified by single-step genomic BLUP (ssGBLUP). This method based on combining genomic and pedigree relationships automatically creates an index with all sources of information, can use any combination of male and female genotypes, and accounts for preselection. To avoid biases, especially under strong selection, ssGBLUP requires that pedigree and genomic relationships are compatible. Because the inversion of the genomic relationship matrix (G) becomes costly with more than 100k genotyped animals, large data computations in ssGBLUP were solved by exploiting limited dimensionality of genomic data due to limited effective population size. With such dimensionality ranging from 4k in chickens to about 15k in cattle, the inverse of G can be created directly (e.g., by the algorithm for proven and young) at a linear cost. Due to its simplicity and accuracy, ssGBLUP is routinely used for genomic selection by the major chicken, pig, and beef industries. Single step can be used to derive SNP effects for indirect prediction and for genome-wide association studies, including computations of the P-values. Alternative single-step formulations exist that use SNP effects for genotyped or for all animals. Although genomics is the new standard in breeding and genetics, there are still some problems that need to be solved. This involves new validation procedures that are unaffected by selection, parameter estimation that accounts for all the genomic data used in selection, and strategies to address reduction in genetic variances after genomic selection was implemented.
Meeting the Challenge of Analgesia in a Pregnant Woman With Burn Injury Using Subanesthetic Ketamine: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Roy Akshay B , Hughes Liam P , West Lindsay A , Schwenk Eric S , Elkhashab Yasmin , Hughes Michelle K , Hughes William B , Viscusi Eugene R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Pain management guidelines for burn injury in pregnant women are scarce. Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in pregnant burn patients have been shown to be higher than that of the general population, especially in severe burns. Early intervention and interdisciplinary treatment are critical to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes. Proper pain management is central to wound treatment, as poor control of pain can contribute to delayed healing, re-epithelialization, as well as persistent neuropathic pain. We present this case of a 34-year-old female patient who suffered an 18% total body surface area burn during the third trimester of pregnancy to demonstrate that ketamine can be considered as an adjunct for procedural and background analgesia during the third trimester, as part of a multimodal strategy in a short-term, monitored setting after a thorough and complete analysis of risks and benefits and careful patient selection.
Magnetic activity based on LAMOST medium-resolution spectra and the Kepler survey
Authors: Zhang Li-yun , Long Liu , Shi Jianrong , Lu Hong-peng , Gao Qi , Han Xianming L , Wang Haifeng , Prabhakar Misra ,   LAMOST MRS Collaboration
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Stellar magnetic activity is an interesting phenomenon in late-type stars. We use the medium-resolution spectroscopic observations of 406 069 late-type stars from LAMOST to explore their properties. We perform a statistical analysis on the magnetic activity of the stars and their associated physical parameters. Our samples are cross-matched with other data bases (LAMOST DR5, VSX, and SDSS DR12) to obtain additional observational properties. The equivalent widths (EWs) of Hα lines, an indicator of chromospheric activity, are calculated. According to the EWs of the Hα line, we detect 8816 spectra with apparent Hα emission for a total of 2115 stars among the 2 108 565 spectra analysed. Furthermore, 1521 of these stars show variability in their Hα lines. In addition, we detect 2132 flare events associated with 41 542 stars from the catalogue by cross-matching our LAMOST medium-resolution samples and the Kepler and K2 data bases. We also confirm a weak relationship of the flare amplitude with increasing Rossby number. There is a clear decease in the strength of chromospheric activity (LHα/Lbol) with increasing rotation period. Moreover, the ratio of the flare energy and stellar luminosity is found to decrease with the stellar mass.