bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The FTO/miR‐181b‐3p/ARL5B signaling pathway regulates cell migration and invasion in breast cancer
Authors: Xu Yuanyuan , Ye Shuang , Zhang Nan , Zheng Shuhui , Liu Huatao , Zhou Kewen , Wang Ling , Cao Yue , Sun Peng , Wang Tinghuai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification has been demonstrated to be a significant regulatory process in the progression of various tumors, including breast cancer. Fat mass and obesity‐associated (FTO) enzyme, initially known as the obesity‐related protein, is the first identified m6A demethylase. However, the relationship between FTO and breast cancer remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role and clinical significance of FTO in breast cancer and to explore the underlying mechanism.MethodsWe first investigated the expression of FTO in breast cancer cell lines and tissues by quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR (qRT‐PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Wound healing assay and Transwell assay were performed to determine the migration and invasion abilities of SKBR3 and MDA‐MB453 cells with either knockdown or overexpression of FTO. RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) was conducted to decipher the downstream targets of FTO. qRT‐PCR, luciferase reporter assay, and Western blotting were employed to confirm the existence of the FTO/miR‐181b‐3p/ARL5B axis. The biological function of ADP ribosylation factor like GTPase 5B (ARL5B) in breast cancer cells was evaluated by wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay.ResultsHigh FTO expression was observed in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive breast cancer, predicting advanced progression (tumor size [P < 0.001], nuclear grade [P = 0.001], peritumoral lymphovascular invasion [P < 0.001), lymph node metastasis [P = 0.002], and TNM stage [P = 0.001]) and poor prognosis. Moreover, FTO promoted cell invasion and migration in vitro. Mechanistically, RNA‐seq and further confirmation studies suggested that FTO up‐regulated ARL5B by inhibiting miR‐181b‐3p. We further verified that ARL5B also displayed carcinogenic activity in breast cancer cells.ConclusionOur work demonstrated the carcinogenic activity of FTO in promoting the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells via the FTO/miR‐181b‐3p/ARL5B signaling pathway.
Towards Responsive Single‐Molecule Device
Authors: Chen Yaorong , Huang Longfeng , Chen Hang , Chen Zhixin , Zhang Hewei , Xiao Zongyuan , Hong Wenjing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSingle‐molecule devices, which are fabricated by the single molecule bridged through electrodes, provide a promising approach to investigate the intrinsic chemical or physical properties of individual molecules. Beyond the studies of single‐molecule wires, a large number of responsive single‐molecule junctions or devices with unique chemical or physical properties have been designed and fabricated by introducing the external field, which further offers the chance to explore conductive materials at the molecular level. Here, we summarized the latest studies on the behaviors of single‐molecule devices based on the photon, thermal, electric, or magnetic responses, and discussed the development of responsive single‐molecule devices in prospect.
Eleven‐marker 10‐color flow cytometric assessment of measurable residual disease for T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia using an approach of exclusion
Authors: Tembhare Prashant R. , Chatterjee Gaurav , Khanka Twinkle , Ghogale Sitaram , Badrinath Yajamanam , Deshpande Nilesh , Panda Devasis , Patkar Nikhil V. , Narula Gaurav , Girase Karishma , Verma Shefali , Sanyal Mahima , Sriram Harshini N. , Banavali Shripad , Gujral Sumeet , Subramanian Papagudi G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMeasurable/minimal residual disease (MRD) status has been suggested as a powerful indicator of clinical‐outcome in T‐cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T‐ALL). Multicolor flow cytometric (MFC)‐based T‐ALL MRD reports are limited and traditionally based on the utilization of markers‐of‐immaturity like TdT and CD99. Moreover, studies demonstrating the multicolor flow cytometric (MFC) approach for the assessment of T‐ALL MRD are sparse. Herein, we describe an 11‐marker, 10‐color MFC‐based T‐ALL MRD method using an “approach of exclusion.”MethodsThe study included 269 childhood T‐ALL patients treated with a modified‐MCP841 protocol. An 11‐marker, 10‐color MFC‐based MRD was performed in bone marrow (BM) samples at the end‐of‐induction (EOI) and end‐of‐consolidation (EOC) time‐points using Kaluza‐version‐1.3 software.ResultsWe studied EOI‐MRD in 269 and EOC‐MRD in 105 childhood T‐ALL patients. EOI‐MRD was detectable in 125 (46.5%) samples (median, 0.3%; range, 0.0007–66.3%), and EOC‐MRD was detectable in 34/105 (32.4%) samples (median, 0.055%; range, 0.0008–27.6%). Leukemia‐associated immunophenotypes (LAIPs) found useful for MRD assessment were dual‐negative CD4/CD8 (40.9%), dual‐positive CD4/CD8 (23.3%) and only CD4 or CD8 expression (35.8%); dim/subset/dim‐negative surface‐CD3 (39%), dim/subset/dim‐negative/negative CD5 (28.3%), dim/dim‐negative/negative/heterogeneous CD45 (44.7%) and co‐expression of CD5/CD56 (7.5%). EOI‐MRD‐positive status was found to be the most‐relevant independent factor in the prediction of inferior relapse‐free and overall survival.ConclusionWe described an 11‐marker 10‐color MFC‐based highly sensitive MRD assay in T‐ALL using an approach of exclusion. The addition of CD4 and CD8 to the pan‐T‐cell markers in a 10‐color assay is highly useful in T‐ALL MRD assessment and extends its applicability to almost all T‐ALL patients.
High‐throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry assay as initial testing procedure for analysis of total urinary fraction
Authors: Sobolevsky Tim , Ahrens Brian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the recent years, a lot of effort was put into the development of multiclass initial testing procedures (ITP) to streamline analytical workflow in antidoping laboratories. Here, a high‐throughput assay based on liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry suitable for use as initial testing procedure covering multiple classes of compounds prohibited in sports is described. Employing a 96‐well plate packed with 10 mg of weak cation exchange polymeric sorbent, up to 94 urine samples and their associated positive and negative controls can be processed in less than 3 h with minimal labor. The assay requires a 0.5‐ml urine aliquot, which is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis followed by solid phase extraction, evaporation, and reconstitution in a 96‐well collection plate. With a 10‐min run time, more than 100 analytes can be detected using electrospray ionization with polarity switching. The assay can be run nearly 24/7 with minimal downtime for instrument maintenance while detecting picogram amounts for the majority of analytes. Having analyzed approximately 28,000 samples, nearly 400 adverse analytical findings were found of which only one tenth were at or above 50% of the minimum required performance level established by the World Anti‐Doping Agency. Compounds most often identified were stanozolol, GW1516, ostarine, LGD4033, and clomiphene, with median estimated concentrations in the range of 0.02–0.09 ng/ml (either as parent drug or a metabolite). Our data demonstrate the importance of using a highly sensitive ITP to ensure efficient antidoping testing.
Experimental study of the influence of structural planes on the mechanical properties of sandstone specimens under cyclic dynamic disturbance
Authors: Du Han , Song Danqing , Chen Zhuo , Guo Zizheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiscontinuity‐controlled slopes constitute potentially fatal risks during exploitation activities in open‐pit mines and severely threaten the safe mining of collieries. To investigate the dynamic mechanical properties of rock with structural planes under periodic cyclic dynamic disturbance, this study took the north side of the Anjialing open‐pit mine as an example. Uniaxial compression tests were carried out on rock samples containing structural planes with different dip angles (θ). The impacts of θ on the strength, deformation characteristics, energy dissipation characteristics, and fracture rules of rock samples under different disturbance stress amplitudes (Δσ) are studied. The test results show that the structural plane affects the mechanical properties of rocks under dynamic perturbation. A closed hysteresis loop curve of rock is formed in each loading and unloading cycle, thus forming three stages: a sparse stage, a dense stage, and another sparse stage. θ, Δσ, and the number of disturbance cycles (n) impact the rock hysteresis loop curve and deformation modulus. The plastic deformation of rock mainly includes an initial deformation stage, an isokinetic deformation stage, and an accelerated deformation and overall failure stage. Moreover, there is a disturbance threshold for Δσ′ of the rock failure, and the evolution law of plastic strain accumulation and n near the disturbance threshold conform to the negative exponential function and the inverse function of the Langevin function, respectively. Based on damage theory, a constitutive model of the structural plane considering a disturbance threshold is proposed.
Quantum computing inspired framework of student performance assessment in smart classroom
Authors: Bhatia Munish , Kaur Avneet 
Published: August 2020

SummaryInternet of Things (IoT) technology, merged with fog‐cloud computing, has provided efficient services in the education industry. Inspired by this aspect, this paper presents an effective framework of the smart classroom for optimal evaluation of the performance of students and teachers based on quantum game‐theoretic (QGT) decision making. Specifically, IoT technology is incorporated inside the classroom to acquire data about students and teachers for determining the academic enhancement of students. The acquired data is evaluated over the fog‐cloud computing platform to estimate a quantifiable measure of probability of performance using the Bayesian modeling technique. Moreover, to analyze the student and teacher performance over the temporal scale, student performance indicator and teacher performance indicator are calculated. Finally, student‐teacher performance is assessed using the effective two‐player quantum gametic decision‐making. The experimental simulation on four challenging datasets namely student performance (7029 instances), student academic performance (3585 instances), student performance prediction (2120 instances), and student performance analysis (6507 instances) shows the effectiveness of the proposed framework. The simulation results are contrasted with various state‐of‐the‐art techniques to estimate the overall efficiency of the proposed system. Moreover, mathematical analysis has been carried out to depict the performance of the proposed framework.
Hybridization and introgression between toads with different sex chromosome systems
Authors: Dufresnes Christophe , Litvinchuk Spartak N , Rozenblut-Kościsty Beata , Rodrigues Nicolas , Perrin Nicolas , Crochet Pierre-André , Jeffries Daniel L 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe growing interest in the lability of sex determination in non-model vertebrates such as amphibians and fishes has revealed high rates of sex chromosome turnovers among closely related species of the same clade. Can such lineages hybridize and admix with different sex-determining systems, or could the changes have precipitated their speciation? We addressed these questions in incipient species of toads (Bufonidae), where we identified a heterogametic transition and characterized their hybrid zone with genome-wide markers (RADseq). Adult and sibship data confirmed that the common toad B. bufo is female heterogametic (ZW), while its sister species the spined toad B. spinosus is male heterogametic (XY). Analysis of a fine scale transect across their parapatric ranges in southeastern France unveiled a narrow tension zone (∼10 km), with asymmetric mitochondrial and nuclear admixture over hundreds of kilometers southward and northward, respectively. The geographic extent of introgression is consistent with an expansion of B. spinosus across B. bufo’s former ranges in Mediterranean France, as also suggested by species distribution models. However, widespread cyto-nuclear discordances (B. spinosus backrosses carrying B. bufo mtDNA) run against predictions from the dominance effects of Haldane's rule, perhaps because Y and W heterogametologs are not degenerated. Common and spined toads can thus successfully cross-breed despite fundamental differences in their sex determination mechanisms, but remain partially separated by reproductive barriers. Whether and how the interactions of their XY and ZW genes contribute to these barriers shall provide novel insights on the debated role of labile sex chromosomes in speciation.
Forecasting negative yield‐curve distributions
Authors: Jun Jae‐Yun , Lebreton Victor , Rakotondratsimba Yves 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNegative interest rates have been present in various marketplaces since mid‐2014, following the negative interest rate policy (NIRP) adopted by the European Central Bank to raise economic growth. The well‐known historical approach (HA) appears to be a good resource. By tweaking the HA, we derive a very tractable data‐driven tool that allows practitioners to generate yield‐curve distributions at future discrete time horizons. We thereby provide a robust and easy‐to‐understand forecasting model, suitable for the NIRP context, allowing an appreciation of its predictive power. Besides the methodological development herein, various numerical illustrations are presented to shed light on the benefits (and limitations) of this forecasting approach.
Research progress on exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in hematological malignancies
Authors: Lyu Tianxin , Zhang Binglei , Li Mengjia , Jiao Xueli , Song Yongping 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a subset of multifunctional stem cells with self‐renewal and multidirectional differentiation properties that play a pivotal role in tumor progression. MSCs are reported to exert biological functions by secreting specialized vesicles, known as exosomes, with tumor cells. Exosomes participate in material and information exchange between cells and are crucial in multiple physiological and pathological processes. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the roles, mechanisms of action and sources of MSC exosomes in hematological malignancies, and different tumor types.
Sclerostin-Neutralizing Antibody Treatment Rescues Negative Effects of Rosiglitazone on Mouse Bone Parameters
Authors: Farrell Mariah , Fairfield Heather , Costa Samantha , D'Amico Anastasia , Falank Carolyne , Brooks Daniel J , Reagan Michaela R 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Obesity, a growing pandemic, is a risk factor for many cancers and causes increased bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). in vitro studies and obese animal models suggest that BMAT contributes to cancer progression, but there is a lack of preclinical models to directly test BMAT's role in cancer. Overactivation of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) can skew bone formation and resorption rates, resulting in increased BMAT and trabecular bone loss. Thiazolidinediones (eg, rosiglitazone) are anti-diabetic therapies that promote adipogenesis through PPARγ activation. We investigated if rosiglitazone increases BMAT in an immunocompromised model, commonly used in cancer research, and if these effects could be reversed by co-administering a bone anabolic agent (sclerostin-neutralizing antibody [Scl-Ab]), which has been shown to inhibit adipogenesis, using DXA, μCT, OsO4 μCT, and dynamic histomorphometry. Four weeks of rosiglitazone in female SCID Beige mice (cohort 1) significantly decreased trabecular bone volume (BV/TV) by about one-half, through increased osteoclast and suppressed osteoblast activity, and significantly increased BMAT. In cohort 2, mice were administered rosiglitazone ± Scl-Ab for 4 weeks, and then rosiglitazone was discontinued and Scl-Ab or vehicle were continued for 6 weeks. Scl-Ab significantly increased bone parameters (eg, BV/TV, N.Ob/B.Pm, and MS/BS) in both groups. Scl-Ab also overcame many negative effects of rosiglitazone (eg, effects on trabecular bone parameters, increased mineralization lag time [MLT], and decreased bone formation rate [BFR]). Interestingly, Scl-Ab significantly decreased rosiglitazone-induced BMAT in the femur, mostly due to a reduction in adipocyte size, but had a much weaker effect on tibial BMAT. These data suggest targeting sclerostin can prevent rosiglitazone-induced bone loss and reduce BM adiposity, in some, but not all BMAT locations. Collectively, our data demonstrate that rosiglitazone increases BMAT in SCID Beige mice, but concomitant changes in bone may confound its use to specifically determine BMAT's role in tumor models. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Double‐filtration plasmapheresis combined with immunosuppressive treatment for severe pemphigus: 10 years' experience of a single center in China
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Bingjie , Ma Jie , Wang Haiyun , Fan Xiaohong , Zheng Ke , Chen Limeng , Li Xuewang , Qin Yan , Li Li , Li Xuemei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPemphigus is a group of rare and severe autoimmune blistering disease mediated by pathogenic autoantibodies against desmogleins. Plasmapheresis can directly remove autoantibodies from circulation, which has been applied to the treatment of pemphigus as an adjuvant therapy. But the results of the researches are controversial. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) combined with immunosuppressive treatment for patients with severe pemphigus in our single center.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 17 patients with severe pemphigus who were unresponsive to high‐dose corticosteroid and received DFPP treatment between January 2010 and January 2020. The information on demographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory data, treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes were collected.ResultsAll the patients were diagnosed as severe pemphigus and had a period of at least 1 week of high‐dose prednisone (1‐1.5 mg/kg/day), but they were unresponsive to corticosteroid and immunosuppressants treatment. They received DFPP treatment as an adjuvant therapy. After DFPP treatment, the titers of desmogleins antibodies significantly decreased (P < .001), Nikolsky's sign became negative and no new blisters appeared. The dosage of corticosteroid could begin to taper down rapidly in 9 ± 4 days. On discharge, the dosage of prednisone decreased significantly (51 ± 3 mg/day, P < .001). No major adverse events happened that could lead to the termination of DFPP treatment.ConclusionDouble filtration plasmapheresis combined with immunosuppressive treatment is an effective and safe therapeutic regimen for severe pemphigus. DFPP can also contribute to the dosage reduction of steroid to avoid more drug‐related side effect.
Synthesis and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of some 1,2,4‐triazol‐5(3)‐one derivatives
Authors: Ozdemir Yusuf , Bekircan Olcay , Baltaş Nimet , Menteşe Emre 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, starting from 4‐amino‐5‐(4‐chlorobenzyl)‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐one (1), the 4‐Amino‐5‐(4‐chlorobenzyl)‐2‐undecyl‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐one (2) was first synthesized and this compound was converted to Schiff base derivatives (3a‐e). In the second step of the study, the 2‐[3‐(4‐chlorobenzyl)‐5‐oxo‐1‐undecyl‐1,5‐dihydro‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐4‐yl]‐acetohydrazide (6), which was used as a key product in the synthesis of many heterocyclic compounds was synthesized in four steps, and then this compound was converted into methylidene acetohydrazide (7a‐e), thiosemicarbazide (8a‐e), and 1,2,4‐triazole‐5‐thione (9a‐e) derivatives. Also, in the last part of the study, 1,2,4‐triazole‐5‐thione derivatives were changed into Mannich bases (10a‐b) bearing a 4‐phenylpiperazine ring. These new compounds were tested with regard to pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibition activity, and compound 3b, 3d, 7d, 8d, and 9d showed a considerable anti‐lipase activity at various concentrations. The activity of compounds 7b (IC50 = 1.45 ± 0.12 μM) was the highest in terms of IC50, comparable to that of orlistat, a well‐known PL inhibitor used as an antiobesity drug.
Adaptations for matrotrophy in the female reproductive system in the pseudoscorpion Chelifer cancroides (Chelicerata: Pseudoscorpiones, Cheliferidae)
Authors: Jędrzejowska Izabela , Garbiec Arnold 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPseudoscorpiones (pseudoscorpions, false scorpions) is an order of small terrestrial chelicerates. While most chelicerates are lecithotrophic, that is, embryos develop due to nutrients (mostly yolk) deposited in the oocyte cytoplasm, pseudoscorpions are matrotrophic, that is, embryos are nourished by the female. Pseudoscorpion oocytes contain only a small amount of yolk. The embryos develop within a brood sac carried on the abdominal site of the female and absorb nutrients by a pumping organ. It is believed that in pseudoscorpions nutrients for developing embryos are produced in the ovary during a postovulatory (secretory) phase of the ovarian cycle. The goal of our study was to analyze the structure of the female reproductive system during the secretory phase in the pseudoscorpion Chelifer cancroides, a representative of the family Cheliferidae, considered to be one of the most advanced pseudoscorpion taxa. We use diverse microscopic techniques to document that the nutritive fluid is produced not only in the ovaries but also by the epithelial cells in the oviducts. The secretory active epithelial cells are hypertrophic and polyploid and release their content by fragmentation of apical parts. Our observations also indicate that fertilization occurs in the oviducts. Moreover, in contrast to previous findings, we show that secretion of the nutritive material starts when the fertilized oocytes reach the brood sac and thus precedes formation of the pumping organ. Summing up, we show that C. cancroides exhibits traits of advanced adaptations for matrotrophy due to coordinated secretion of the nutritive fluid by the ovarian and oviductal epithelial cells, which substantially increases the efficiency of nutritive fluid formation. Since the secretion of nutrients starts before formation of the pumping organ, we suggest that the embryos are able to absorb the nutritive fluid also in the early embryonic stages.