bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concomitant Expression of Inhibitory Molecules for T cell Activation Predicts Poor Survival in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Zhijun , Cao Kexin , Zhang Jinghang , Liu Zhuangzhuang , Lu Liaoxun , Qi Bo , Shi Lijin , Huang Rong , Zhao Song 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a major subtype of
esophageal cancers. The five-year survival rate of ESCC is low, and molecular targets for ESCC
treatment and prognosis assessment are very limited. T cells are critical for the clearance of cancer
cells, and blockade of co-inhibitory molecules for T cell activation has emerged as a promising therapy
to treat cancer patients. However, in ESCC patients, co-inhibitory molecules regulating T cell
activation are poorly documented.

Objective:
We aim to evaluate how the presence of inhibitory check-point molecules in T cells
could impact the survival of patients.

Methods:
We performed a follow-up study of 161 patients undergoing resection of esophageal carcinoma
from February 2014 to December 2015, by immunohistochemical staining of six co-inhibitory
molecules for T cell activation, namely PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, LAG-3, BTLA and A2AR. Expression
of each of the six co-inhibitory molecules was analyzed for its correlation with patient survival
by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. We also applied Kaplan-Meier analyses to evaluate the
concomitant expression of co-inhibitory molecules and their correlation with patient survival.

Results:
We found that levels of PD-1, TIM-3 and BTLA can be used as independent prognostic
factors for the overall survival of patients with ESCC. More importantly, our study found that the
co-expression of PD-1 and TIM-3, PD-1 and BTLA, TIM-3 and BTLA significantly reduced the
survival of patients with ESCC (P<0.05).

Conclusion:
Therefore, our results suggest the necessity of evaluating the tumor tissue expression
of co-inhibitory molecules and targeting co-expressed molecules in immunotherapies for ESCC patients.
Enhanced Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm with Modified Memeplexes
Authors: Sharma Tarun Kumar , Abraham Ajith , Rajpurohit Jitendra 
Published: November 2020

Aims:
To design a new variant of the Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm in which memeplexes
formation is modified with a new strategy.

Background:
Shuffled Frog Leaping (SFL) is a memetic meta-heuristic algorithm that inherits two
other algorithms’ features. Its intensification component of search is similar to Particle Swarm Optimization,
while the inspiration for diversification is inherited from the global exchange of information
in Shuffled Complex Evolution. A basic variant has been applied to solve many optimisation problems.
SFLA suffers from a slow acceleration rate.

Objective:
To propose a robust hybrid SFLA that accelerates convergence.

Methods:
Two modifications are proposed in the structure of basic SFLA. Firstly, memeplexes formation
is modified to handle continuous optimization problems. Secondly, in the basic SFL algorithm,
the position of the worst frog is improved by moving it towards the best frog in the respective memeplex.
With the progress of execution, the difference between best and worst frog position reduces;
there may be more chances to trap in local minima. To improve convergence and avoid trapping in local
optima, a parent-centric operator is embedded in each memeplex while performing a local search.
The proposed algorithm is named PC-SFLA (Parent Centric - Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm).

Results:
The improved efficiency of PC-SFLA is validated on a robust and diverse set of standard test
functions defined in CEC 2006 and 2010. Further, its efficacy is verified to optimize the total cost of
supply chain management of a system. Non-parametric statistical result analysis demonstrates the efficiency
of the proposal.

Conclusion:
PC-SFLA performed better than PSO, DE, PESO+, Modified DE, ABC, and SFLA at
5% and 10% level of significance whereas at par with Shuffled-ABC for g01-g07 functions of CEC
2006 in terms of NFE’s. Similarly, PC-SFLA performed better than SaDE, SFLA, CMODE at both
levels of significance (5% & 10%) and par with MPDE in terms of mean function value for 17 problems
taken from CEC 2006. Further, PC-SFLA is investigated on 18 problems from CEC 2010, and
Wilcoxon signed ranks test is performed at a 5% level of significance. PC-SFLA performed better
than SFLA and CHDE and at par with PESO. The computational results present the competency of
the proposed method to solve quadratic, nonlinear, polynomial, linear, and cubic functions efficiently.
The simulated results show that the proposed algorithm can solve mix integer constrained continuous
optimization problem efficiently.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 Nanoparticles for Rhodamine B Adsorption
Authors: Al Rodrigues Diogo P. , Rodrigues Meiry G.F. , Tomaz Patrícia F. , Barbosa Tellys L.A. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Dye removal from effluents is one of the major problems faced in the
world. It is a very important environmental issue and it is crucial to solve this problem. In this
sense, ZIFs are increasingly becoming important in the environmental area.

Objective:
This work presents the synthesis of metalorganic framework Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-
8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles, characterization, and then determines the potential to remove Rhodamine
B (RhB) from an aqueous solution.

Methods:
ZIF-8 was synthesized under solvothermal treatment at 25°C and it was characterized by
X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy, and infrared spectroscopy.
To evaluate the capacity of the RhB, pH-influence and kinetic studies were carried out. The
pseudo first- and second-order kinetic models were used to describe the kinetic data, and the rate
constants were evaluated.

Results:
ZIF-8 had an average particle size of 47 ± 4.6 nm. The removal percentage increased significantly
when the pH was in the range of 7.0-9.0. A pseudo-second-order kinetic of 13.00 mg/g
was found for the RhB removal. The adsorption capacity at equilibrium was found to be 11.8 mg/g.

Conclusion:
According to the characterization results, the ZIF-8 synthesis was effective and produced
a crystalline material. The ZIF-8 presented an affinity to the RhB dye. A pseudo-second-
order kinetic model represented well the mechanism of interaction involved during RhB adsorption
and ZIF-8.
Romero (Rosmarinus officinalis L.): su origen, importancia y generalidades de sus metabolitos secundarios
Authors: Flores-Villa Emmanuel , Sáenz-Galindo Aidé , Castañeda-Facio Adali Oliva , Narro-Céspedes Rosa Idalia 
Published: November 2020

El presente trabajo, es una revisión que muestra el impacto que tiene el uso de las plantas medicinales en la salud humana. Desde la antigüedad, por tradición, se extendió el uso mayoritario de algunas familias vegetales como la Lamiaceae que destaca por sus propiedades aromáticas y aplicación culinaria en numerosas culturas, así como en el tratamiento y prevención de una gran variedad de enfermedades y malestares. Dentro de las especies pertenecientes a esta familia se encuentra el romero (Rosmarinus officinalis), planta que ha ganado importancia en el campo de la investigación por sus diversos atributos biológicos como: antiinflamatorio, antimicrobiano, antioxidante y anticancerígeno, entre otros; resultados que debe a sus metabolitos secundarios como: el ácido carnósico, el carnosol, el ácido rosmárico y el alcanfor, entre otros más, aunado a un potencial efecto cuando es aplicado. También se mencionan algunas metodologías que buscan la extracción de los componentes biológicamente activos del romero.
Por uma outra forma de (re)pensar as Relações Internacionais: hegemonia e criação de consenso
Authors: Vidal Camila Feix , Brum Luan 
Published: November 2020

Esse trabalho busca repensar as Relações Internacionais a partir de lentes sociológicas e neogramscianas levando em conta o papel da hegemonia estadunidense no âmbito latino americano através de práticas de consenso. Esse estudo apresenta as estratégias de internacionalização de uma classe dominante na promoção do modelo capitalista neoliberal estadunidense utilizando-se de instituições e indivíduos parte dessa mesma classe. Para isso, se analisa o papel que o National Endowment for Democracy e a Atlas Network vem desempenhando na América Latina enquanto veículos de estratégia para manutenção da hegemonia estadunidense. Como resultado, encontramos uma relação de proximidade entre esses institutos e o Departamento de Estado além de uma relação de simbiose entre os institutos latino-americanos e os estadunidenses na divulgação e naturalização do ideário neoliberal. Mais do que apresentar o laço entre duas camadas dominantes e seus esforços na promoção de uma agenda neoliberal, esse estudo nos incita a refletir acerca de práticas e conceitos relativamente marginalizados nas Relações Internacionais como imperialismo, hegemonia e o papel da ideologia na manutenção da estrutura econômica dominante.
Модели плоской электромагнитной волны
Authors: Чеснаков Михаил 
Published: November 2020

Показано, что вывод о существовании плоской электромагнитной волны поперечного типа, как следствие из уравнений Максвелла, является не корректным. Реальное излучение от антенны можно объяснить, если оно формируется фотонами, не имеющими волновых свойств.
Abstract. It is shown that the conclusion about the existence of a plane electromagnetic wave of a transverse type, as a consequence of the Maxwell equations, is not correct. The actual radiation from the antenna can be explained if it is formed by Photons that do not have wave properties.
Los/as jóvenes en las encrucijadas del discurso
Authors: González Rocío Alejandra , Salvatore Giselle Nélida , Salvatierra Lucas Emanuel 
Published: November 2020

El presente escrito da cuenta de algunas cuestiones para pensar a los/as jóvenes, la escuela media y la continuidad educativa en el marco de la articulación entre el proyecto de extensión «Trayectorias educativas en la escuela secundaria. (Re)pensar las prácticas discursivas como propuesta pedagógica» y el proyecto de voluntariado universitario «Trayectorias educativas». Son nociones rectoras del proceso la concepción de la educación como derecho, el discurso como práctica social y los sujetos atravesados por múltiples polos de identidad.
STUDY OF THE MULTI-YEAR DYNAMICS OF NATURAL-ANTHROPOGENIC COMPLEXES OF DISTURBED BOGS BY USING LANDSAT PICTURES
Authors: Муравьева Любовь Валерьевна 
Published: November 2020

С помощью вегетационных индексов NDVI и SWVI установлено, что наиболее активно процессы зарастания и обводнения на выработанных участках фрезерных полей протекают первые 10-15 лет после окончания торфоразработок. Крупные лесные массивы не развиваются вследствие периодических пожаров. Преобладают вейниковые и тростниковые сообщества с фрагментами мелких березняков. На затопленных участках развиваются тростниковые, осоковые сообщества и осоково-пушицево-сфагновые сплавины.
Using the vegetation indices NDVI and SWVI, it was established that the most active processes of overgrowing and flooding in the developed sections of the milling fields occur the first 10-15 years after the end of peat mining. Large forests do not develop due to periodic fires. Small reed and reed communities with plots of small birch forests prevail. In the flooded areas, reed and sedge communities and sedge-pushets-sphagnum quagmire develop.
TECHNIQUE OF FORMATION OF ATLASES ACCORDING TO THE MULTI-LEAF PLAN OF THE VETLUZHSKY COUNTY KOSTROMA PROVINCE
Authors: Щекотилов Владимир Геннадьевич , Шалаева Мария Владимировна , Щекотилова Светлана Николаевна 
Published: November 2020

Предложена методика создания серии атласов для использования в исследованиях многолистного стосаженного плана дачи 1865 г. С учетом масштаба базового картографического произведения в атласах дополнительно используются военно-топографическая карта 1942 г. и топографическая карта начала XXI в. Методика основана на формировании карт в формате Google Map, создании векторной карты страниц и использования программы САС.Планета.
The method of creating a series of atlases is proposed for use in the anal-ysis of a multi-sheet standing plan of 1865. Taking into account the mas-headquarters of the basic cartographic work, the atlases additionally use a military-topographic map of 1942 and a topographic map of the beginning of the XXI century. The method is based on the formation of maps in the format of Google Map, the creation of a vector map of pages and the use of the program SAS.Planet.
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF MILK FROM DIFFERENT PRODUCERS
Authors: Лобзова Валентина Александровна , Баранова Надежда Владимировна 
Published: November 2020

С помощью физико-химических методов были определены основные показатели качества молока разных производителей: жирность, плотность, кислотность, а также процентное содержание белка.
Using physical and chemical methods, the main indicators of milk quality of different producers were determined: fat content, density, acidity, as well as protein percentage.
OXIDATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS BY MAGNETIC BIOCATALYST
Authors: Гребенникова Ольга Валентиновна , Сульман Александрина Михайловна , Михайлов Степан Петрович , Шиманская Елена Игоревна , Матвеева Валентина Геннадьевна 
Published: November 2020

В статье описывается синтез магнитного биокатализатора на основе иммобилизованной пероксидазы. Данный биокатализатор тестировался в реакции окисления 2,3,6-триметилфенола с помощью пероксида водорода до 2,3,5-триметилгидрохинона (полупродукта витамина Е). В работе выбран метод синтеза магнитных наночастиц. Подобраны оптимальные условия проведения процесса окисления 2,3,6-триметилфенола в присутствии магнитного биокатализатора (начальная концентрация субстрата, температура, рН).
The article describes the synthesis of a magnetic biocatalyst based on immobilized peroxidase. This biocatalyst was tested in the oxidation reaction of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol with hydrogen peroxide to 2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone (an intermediate of vitamin E). In the work, the method of synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles is selected.The optimal conditions for the process of oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol in the presence of a magnetic bio-catalyst are selected (initial substrate concentration, temperature, pH).
N-METHYLGLUCOSEIMINE SYNTHESIS STUDY
Authors: Михайлов Степан Петрович , Сульман Александрина Михайловна , Сульман Михаил Геннадьевич , Гребенникова Ольга Валентиновна , Сульман Эсфирь Михайловна , Долуда Валентин Юрьевич , Матвеева Валентина Геннадьевна 
Published: November 2020

Работа посвящена изучению получения N-метилглюкозимина в различных условиях. Проведена оценка кинетических параметров синтеза, расчитан максимальный достигаемый выход.
The work is devoted to the study of the preparation of N-methylglucosimine under various conditions. The kinetic parameters of the synthesis were estimated, and the maximum of possible achieved yield was calculated.
Methods of improving efficiency of soft spring wheat cultivation technology
Authors: Pakul A. L. , Lapshinov N. A. , Bozhanova G. V. , Pakul V. N. 
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of research into the technology of soft spring wheat cultivation of the Siberian Alliance variety taking into account the formation of the production process. The experiment was carried out in 2015–2019 in the zone of the northern forest-steppe of Kuznetsk Depression. The work was done in a long-term stationary experiment of grain-fallow crop rotation: fallow (bare, green-manured – rapeseed, melilot) – wheat – peas – barley (pure barley and intercropped with melilot). The following soil tillage systems were studied: deep moldboard (control), deep combined, minimum combined, minimum moldboard. The soil of the experimental plot was characterized as leached medium-textured, medium humus, heavy-loam chernozem. It was revealed that the influence of the preceding crop on the production process of soft spring wheat accounted for 80.4%, the effect of the soil cultivation system was 13.8%. The maximum yield in the experiment was obtained with minimum moldboard system of soil cultivation preceded by rapeseed green-manured fallow (3.34 t/ha) with the lowest cost of grain (4.6 thousand rubles/t) and high profit (30.3 thousand rubles/ha), control indicators being 3.26 t/ha, 9.2 thousand rubles/t and 15.2 thousand rubles/ha, respectively. The following positive effects on the formation of the production process were identified: soil moisture availability, microbiological activity, a decrease in phytosanitary tension, lack of soil compaction at a high content of agronomically valuable particles. Sowing rapeseed on green-manured fallow in the current crop rotation with the application of minimum moldboard tillage system is the most effective method of cultivating soft spring wheat of the Siberian Alliance variety in the northern forest-steppe of Kuznetsk Depression.
Productivity of fodder crop rotations and their impact on the fertility of leached chernozem
Authors: Galeev R. F. , Shashkova O. N. 
Published: November 2020

The paper presents the results of the study on the effect of methods for improving a six-field fodder crop rotation on productivity indicators and the content of macroelements available for plants (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in a layer of 0-40 cmof leached chernozem in two rotations. Field studies were carried out in 2008–2019 in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia. Improvement techniques included introduction of mineral fertilizers, oversowing legumes and oversowing legumes alongside the use of fertilizers. Oversowing legumes in crop rotation fields resulted in the productivity which was not lower than with the application of mineral fertilizer system. When fertilizers were applied, collection of dry matter in the first and second rotation from a unit of crop rotation area increased by 1.6–1.7 times compared to the control, namely 4.20 and6.30 t/ha, respectively, whereas when legumes were sown in each field, the increase was 1.5–1.8 times (3.97–6.59 t/ha). When both these methods were combined, the yield of dry matter in rotations increased by 1.6–1.8 times (4.32–6.98 t/ha). The alternation of crops in the crop rotation alongside improvement methods during the first two rotations contributed to the 1.7 times increase of nitrate nitrogen in the 0–20 cm layer with the use of mineral fertilizers (3.9 mg/kg of soil), and with legume oversowing – 2.5 times (5.7 mg/kg). The positive effect of crop alternation on the reserves of mobile phosphates in the soil in the control crop rotation was identified. The total amount of mobile phosphates in the experiment was 68 mg/kg in the 0–20 cm layer, and 21 mg/kg in the 20–40 cm layer. By the end of the first rotation, their increase reached 108 and 99 mg/kg, by the end of the second – 239 and 214 mg/kg, respectively. By the end of the second rotation, there was a slight increase in exchangeable potassium in the 0–40 cm layer in the control crop rotation, which was more significant in the 20–40 cm layer – from 97 to 103 mg/kg. In 2018, the mineral fertilization system of cereal crop rotation led to a decrease in exchangeable potassium compared to the control from 116 to 104 mg/kg of soil in the 0–20 cm layer, and from 103 to 91 mg/kg in the 20–40 cm layer. The removal of exchangeable potassium with the yield of cultivated crops due to crop rotation improvement methods exceeded its return with plant residues.
Trabalhadores e trabalhadoras rurais boias frias: exclusão, imprensa e poder
Authors: Silva Aline Oliveira 
Published: November 2020

A obra intitulada Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras Rurais Boias Frias: exclusão, imprensa e poder é resultado da dissertação desenvolvida pelo prof. Dr. Antonio Alves Bezerra, um estudo sobre o avanço do processo de modernização do setor sucroalcooleiro com o resultante aumento da exclusão social e econômica dos trabalhadores rurais. O prof. Dr. Rodrigo Costa escreve um breve prefácio sobre a obra e revela que ela “oferece uma visão sob um grupo social cuja presença se faz notar e sentir no cotidiano das grandes áreas rurais do país, os trabalhadores rurais boias-frias”, que também, estão presentes no agreste alagoano e no sertão pernambucano. Existência historicamente negada nos discursos do poder público, da mídia e do poder econômico.
Manifestações de rua como laboratório político – 2013 e suas emergentes formas
Authors: De Moraes Junior Flávio José 
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo pretendemos analisar comparativamente formas de comunicação e métodos de luta de distintos movimentos sociais e grupos políticos em manifestações de rua no Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 2013/2014. No início do século XXI houve um expressivo surgimento de movimentos sociais e grupos políticos que ficaram conhecidos globalmente como movimentos “antiglobalização”. Esses movimentos tiveram como característica central uma ação política pautada no horizontalismo, em estruturas organizacionais de inspiração libertária. A partir do ano de 2013 táticas amplamente difundidas ao redor do globo como o black bloc tomaram as ruas do Brasil. Nesse contexto, antigos formatos de manifestações de rua caracterizados por uma centralidade em líderes políticos de meios institucionais foram desestabilizados. Buscaremos compreender quais são os novos elementos e táticas que emergiram em 2013 nas ruas do Rio de Janeiro e quais são suas particularidades políticas em relação aos antigos formatos de manifestações de rua.
USING WATER INDICES (NDWI, MNDWI, NDMI, WRI AND AWEI) TO DETECT PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS BY APPLY REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES
Authors: Mustafa Mustafa T. , Hassoon Khalid I. , Hussain Hussain M. , Abd Modher H. 
Published: November 2020

This study was undertaken by analyzing data from satellite image (Landsat-8 OLI) and geographical information system (GIS) to find the relationship between water parameters and water indices of spectral images. The main purpose of this research was to develop a model for the physical and chemical parameters of Gharraf stream in Iraq. The water parameters used in this study included: acidity (PH), Total Dissolved Solids (T.D.S), Alkalinity(ALK), Electrical Conductivity (E.C), Calcium(Ca), Chloride (CL), Sodium (Na), Sulfate (SO4), Potassium (k), Total suspended solid (T.S.S), Total Hardness (TH).Where the samples were taken to seventeen stations with two seasons and at the same time took a satellite image on 4/FEB, 11 / MAY.GIS techniques were used in the beginning to project the coordinates of seventeen stations along the stream in Landsat-8 satellite image for extract data. Then, these data are treated in SPSS software for purpose finding correlation and regression equations. Positive strong correlations between the reflectance of the satellite image and the water parameters in 4/FEB and 11/ MAY with five stations, helped to build six regression models. These models could be used to predict these six water parameters (PH, E.c, CL, SO4, Na and K) at any point along the stream in Iraq from the satellite image directly.