bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic burden of maternal depression among women with a low income in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Cleary Susan , Orangi Stacey , Garman Emily , Tabani Hanani , Schneider Marguerite , Lund Crick 
Published: April 2020

Background
Maternal depression is a notable concern, yet little evidence exists on its economic burden in low- and middle-income countries.

Aims
This study assessed societal costs and economic outcomes across pregnancy to 12 months postpartum comparing women with depression with those without depression. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01977326 (registered on 24 October 2013); Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (www.pactr.org): PACTR201403000676264 (registered on 11 October 2013).

Method
Participants were recruited during the first antenatal visit to primary care clinics in Khayelitsha, Cape Town. In total, 2187 women were screened, and 419 women who were psychologically distressed were retained in the study. Women were interviewed at baseline, 8 months gestation and at 3 and 12 months postpartum; the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was used to categorise women as having depression or not having depression at each interview. Collected data included sociodemographics; health service costs; user fees; opportunity costs of accessing care; and travelling expenses for the women and their child(ren). Using Markov modelling, the incremental economic burden of maternal depression was estimated across the period.

Results
At 12 months postpartum, women with depression were significantly more likely to be unemployed, to have lower per capita household income, to incur catastrophic costs and to be in a poorer socioeconomic group than those women without depression. Costs were higher for women with depression and their child(ren) at all time points. Modelled provider costs were US$805 among women without depression versus US$1303 in women with depression.

Conclusions
Economic costs and outcomes were worse in perinatal women with depression. The development of interventions to reduce this burden is therefore of significant policy importance.
Management of Hereditary Breast Cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Surgical Oncology Guideline
Authors: Tung Nadine M. , Boughey Judy C. , Pierce Lori J. , Robson Mark E. , Bedrosian Isabelle , Dietz Jill R. , Dragun Anthony , Gelpi Judith Balmana , Hofstatter Erin W. , Isaacs Claudine J. , Jatoi Ismail , Kennedy Elaine , Litton Jennifer K. , Mayr Nina A. , Qamar Rubina D. , Trombetta Mark G. , Harvey Brittany E. , Somerfield Mark R. , Zakalik Dana 
Published: April 2020

PURPOSETo develop recommendations for management of patients with breast cancer (BC) with germline mutations in BC susceptibility genes.METHODSThe American Society of Clinical Oncology, American Society for Radiation Oncology, and Society of Surgical Oncology convened an Expert Panel to develop recommendations based on a systematic review of the literature and a formal consensus process.RESULTSFifty-eight articles met eligibility criteria and formed the evidentiary basis for the local therapy recommendations; six randomized controlled trials of systemic therapy met eligibility criteria.RECOMMENDATIONSPatients with newly diagnosed BC and BRCA1/ 2 mutations may be considered for breast-conserving therapy (BCT), with local control of the index cancer similar to that of noncarriers. The significant risk of a contralateral BC (CBC), especially in young women, and the higher risk of new cancers in the ipsilateral breast warrant discussion of bilateral mastectomy. Patients with mutations in moderate-risk genes should be offered BCT. For women with mutations in BRCA1/ 2 or moderate-penetrance genes who are eligible for mastectomy, nipple-sparing mastectomy is a reasonable approach. There is no evidence of increased toxicity or CBC events from radiation exposure in BRCA1/ 2 carriers. Radiation therapy should not be withheld in ATM carriers. For patients with germline TP53 mutations, mastectomy is advised; radiation therapy is contraindicated except in those with significant risk of locoregional recurrence. Platinum agents are recommended versus taxanes to treat advanced BC in BRCA carriers. In the adjuvant/neoadjuvant setting, data do not support the routine addition of platinum to anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (olaparib and talazoparib) are preferable to nonplatinum single-agent chemotherapy for treatment of advanced BC in BRCA1/ 2 carriers. Data are insufficient to recommend PARP inhibitor use in the early setting or in moderate-penetrance carriers. Additional information available at www.asco.org/breast-cancer-guidelines .
ESR1 Mutations Associated With Estrogen Insensitivity Syndrome Change Conformation of Ligand-Receptor Complex and Altered Transcriptome Profile
Authors: Li Yin , Hamilton Katherine J , Perera Lalith , Wang Tianyuan , Gruzdev Artiom , Jefferson Tanner B , Zhang Austin X , Mathura Emilie , Gerrish Kevin E , Wharey Laura , Martin Negin P , Li Jian-Liang , Korach Kenneth S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Estrogen insensitivity syndrome (EIS) arises from rare mutations in estrogen receptor-α (ERα, encoded by ESR1 gene) resulting in the inability of estrogen to exert its biological effects. Due to its rarity, mutations in ESR1 gene and the underlying molecular mechanisms of EIS have not been thoroughly studied. Here, we investigate known ESR1 mutants, Q375H and R394H, associated with EIS patients using in vitro and in vivo systems. Comparison of the transcriptome and deoxyribonucleic acid methylome from stable cell lines of both Q375H and R394H clinical mutants shows a differential profile compared with wild-type ERα, resulting in loss of estrogen responsiveness. Molecular dynamic simulation shows that both ESR1 mutations change the ERα conformation of the ligand-receptor complexes. Furthermore, we generated a mouse model Esr1-Q harboring the human mutation using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Female and male Esr1-Q mice are infertile and have similar phenotypes to αERKO mice. Overall phenotypes of the Esr1-Q mice correspond to those observed in the patient with Q375H. Finally, we explore the effects of a synthetic progestogen and a gonadotropin-releasing hormone inhibitor in the Esr1-Q mice for potentially reversing the impaired female reproductive tract function. These findings provide an important basis for understanding the molecular mechanistic consequences associated with EIS.
Burden of disease due to hip, knee, and unspecified osteoarthritis in the Peruvian social health insurance system (EsSalud), 2016
Authors: Araujo-Castillo Roger V. , Culquichicón Carlos , Solis Condor Risof 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Since its introduction by the World Health Organization (WHO), the concept of burden of disease has been evolving. The current method uses life expectancy projected to 2050 and does not consider age-weighting and time-discounting. Our aim is to estimate the burden of disease due to hip, knee, and unspecified osteoarthritis using this new method in the Peruvian Social Health Insurance System (EsSalud) during 2016. Methods: We followed the original 1994 WHO study and the current 2015 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methods to estimate disability adjusted life years (DALY) due to osteoarthritis, categorized by sex, age, osteoarthritis type, and geographical area. We used disability weights employed by the Peruvian Ministry of Health, and the last update issued by WHO. Results: Overall, EsSalud reported 17.9 new cases of osteoarthritis per 1000 patients per year. Annual incidence was 23.7/1000 among women, and 72.6/1000 in people above 60 years old. Incidence was 5.6/1000 for knee osteoarthritis and 1.1/1000 for hip. According to the 1994 WHO method, there were 399,884 DALYs or 36.6 DALYs/1000 patients per year due to osteoarthritis. 12.4 and 2.2 DALYs/1000 patients per-year were estimated for knee and hip osteoarthritis, respectively. Using the 2015 GBD method, there were 1,037,865 DALYs or 94.9 DALYs/1000 patients per year. 31.4 and 5.3 DALYs/1000 patients per year were calculated for knee and hip osteoarthritis, respectively. Conclusions: In the Peruvian social health insurance subsystem, hip, knee, and unspecified osteoarthritis produced a high burden of disease, especially among women and patients over 60. The 2015 GBD methodology yields values almost three times higher than the original recommendations.
Residual D2NN: training diffractive deep neural networks via learnable light shortcuts
Authors: Dou Hongkun , Deng Yue , Yan Tao , Wu Huaqiang , Lin Xing , Dai Qionghai 
Published: April 2020

The diffractive deep neural network (

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) has demonstrated its importance in performing various all-optical machine learning tasks, e.g., classification, segmentation, etc. However, deeper

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that provide higher inference complexity are more difficult to train due to the problem of gradient vanishing. We introduce the residual

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(Res-

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), which enables us to train substantially deeper diffractive networks by constructing diffractive residual learning blocks to learn the residual mapping functions. Unlike the existing plain

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, Res-

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contribute to the design of a learnable light shortcut to directly connect the input and output between optical layers. Such a shortcut offers a direct path for gradient backpropagation in training, which is an effective way to alleviate the gradient vanishing issue on very deep diffractive neural networks. Experimental results on image classification and pixel super-resolution demonstrate the superiority of Res-

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over the existing plain

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architectures.
2  Gbps/3  m air–underwater optical wireless communication based on a single-layer quantum dot blue micro-LED
Authors: Wei Zixian , Zhang Li , Wang Lei , Chen Chien-Ju , Pepe Alberto , Liu Xin , Chen Kai-Chia , Wu Meng-Chyi , Dong Yuhan , Wang Lai , Luo Yi , Fu H. Y. 
Published: April 2020

Blue/green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) show great potential in medium/short distance underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) while suffering limited bandwidth caused by a long radiative recombination carrier lifetime and large resistance–capacitance (RC) constant. We designed, fabricated, and packaged a 75-µm single-layer quantum dot (QD) blue micro-LED with a record high modulation bandwidth up to 1.03 GHz. The single-layer structure of QD reduces the carrier lifetime and RC delay. A data rate of 2 Gbps over a 3-m air–underwater channel using a non-return-to-zero on–off-keying modulation format with a low bit-error rate of

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was achieved below the forward error correction limit, which is the highest data rate of micro-LED-based UOWC systems, to the best of our knowledge.
Moral Education in Secondary Schools: What, how, and why?
Authors: Hejduk Tomáš 
Published: April 2020

Abstract: The paper argues for a philosophical approach to the teaching of moral education in secondary schools. Because students at this level are already capable of conceptual thinking, but are still at a formative stage, teachers can encourage them in their autonomous thought and life orientation through reference to meta-ethical authorities. In terms of these authorities, students may be led to fi nd that there is something (beauty, truth, goodness) other than the ordinary, narrow concerns of everyday life. At the same time, truth or beauty should be unveiled in everyday life; ordinary matters such as language must be revealed as moral concerns, and be liberated from vulgarity. For this to provide a suffi cient experience of things beautiful and good, I argue, the ethos of moral education at secondary schools should reflect the ethos of the university. I also argue that we need this kind of education to counterbalance the expanding informational and consumer character of our society, and to give meaning to the life of every participating individual. Finally, I warn against doctrinal simplifi cation, specifically, the misuse of the liberal spirit of the university and moral education (using the example of the Czech National School Curriculum).
Keywords: secondary school; moral education; virtue ethics; the idea of the university
Long-latency Responses to a Mechanical Perturbation of the Index Finger Have a Spinal Component
Authors: Soteropoulos Demetris S. , Baker Stuart N. 
Published: April 2020

In an uncertain external environment, the motor system may need to respond rapidly to an unexpected stimulus. Limb displacement causes muscle stretch; the corrective response has multiple activity bursts, which are suggested to originate from different parts of the neuraxis. The earliest response is so fast, it can only be produced by spinal circuits; this is followed by slower components thought to arise from primary motor cortex (M1) and other supraspinal areas. Spinal cord (SC) contributions to the slower components are rarely considered. To address this, we recorded neural activity in M1 and the cervical SC during a visuomotor tracking task, in which 2 female macaque monkeys moved their index finger against a resisting motor to track an on-screen target. Following the behavioral trial, an increase in motor torque rapidly returned the finger to its starting position (lever velocity >200°/s). Many cells responded to this passive mechanical perturbation (M1: 148 of 211 cells, 70%; SC: 67 of 119 cells, 56%). The neural onset latency was faster for SC compared with M1 cells (21.7 ± 11.2 ms vs 25.5 ± 10.7 ms, respectively, mean ± SD). Using spike-triggered averaging, some cells in both regions were identified as likely premotor cells, with monosynaptic connections to motoneurons. Response latencies for these cells were compatible with a contribution to the muscle responses following the perturbation. Comparable fractions of responding neurons in both areas were active up to 100 ms after the perturbation, suggesting that both SC circuits and supraspinal centers could contribute to later response components.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTFollowing a limb perturbation, multiple reflexes help to restore limb position. Given conduction delays, the earliest part of these reflexes can only arise from spinal circuits. By contrast, long-latency reflex components are typically assumed to originate from supraspinal centers. We recorded from both spinal and motor cortical cells in monkeys responding to index finger perturbations. Many spinal interneurons, including those identified as projecting to motoneurons, responded to the perturbation; the timing of responses was compatible with a contribution to both short- and long-latency reflexes. We conclude that spinal circuits also contribute to long-latency reflexes in distal and forearm muscles, alongside supraspinal regions, such as the motor cortex and brainstem.
UTILIZAÇÃO DO APLICATIVO PLICKERS NO ENSINO DA MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Cabral Fabio Henrique Marinho 
Published: April 2020

As novas tecnologias educacionais são ótimas ferramentas que auxiliam o processo de ensino aprendizagem. Utilizá-las como recurso na avaliação formativa é uma excelente maneira para o educador verificar se os seus objetivos em relação ao conteúdo didático estão sendo alcançados. Destarte, propomos a análise de um estudo de caso referente à utilização do aplicativo plickers aplicado a uma turma de segundo ano do ensino médio com a finalidade de verificar qual a contribuição deste para o ensino-aprendizagem de matemática. Após a análise dos dados, verificamos que a utilização do aplicativo possibilita uma rápida intervenção por parte do professor em decorrência do imediato diagnóstico dos assuntos com maior incidência de erros dos alunos. Palavras-chave: Tecnologias. Educacionais. Plickers. Avaliação. Ensino.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, AMBIENTAL E INCLUSIVA: um relato de experiência interdisciplinar no desenvolvimento e apresentação de Jogos Sensoriais uma estudante com Deficiência Visual.
Authors: Oliveira João Paulo dos Santos , Melo Rafaela Dias 
Published: April 2020

No ano de 2017, o Campus Garanhuns do Instituto Federal de Pernambuco recebeu, pela primeira vez, uma estudante com deficiência visual em seu Curso Técnico em Meio Ambiente integrado ao Ensino Médio. Esta realidade nos trouxe o desejo de superar barreiras atitudinais e estruturais que pudessem implicar em dificuldades ao pleno desenvolvimento e aprendizagem da estudante. Esta iniciativa culminou com o desenvolvimento de estratégias metodológicas de natureza interdisciplinar, apresentadas neste texto a partir do relato de uma experiência interdisciplinar que aproximou as disciplinas Educação Física e Educação Ambiental através do conteúdo Jogos de Tabuleiro. Concluímos que a abordagem interdisciplinar dos temas foi uma experiência exitosa, pois levou os estudantes a perceberem como a discussão ambiental perpassa as diversas disciplinas, além de oportunizar a ampliação do repertório de conhecimentos dos estudantes, estabelecendo conexões entre temas e abordagens.
O CURSO TÉCNICO EM MEIO AMBIENTE INTEGRADO AO ENSINO MÉDIO NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA A FORMAÇÃO INTEGRAL DOS JOVENS
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Paula da Silva , Casagrande Junior Eloy Fassi , Zago Marcia Regina Rodrigues da Silva , Da Silva Maclovia Corrêa 
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo aborda a regulamentação da Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio por meio da análise da organização do Curso Técnico de Meio Ambiente Integrado ao Ensino Médio no Estado do Paraná. A intensificação nos processos produtivos, associada ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, agravou a degradação ambiental, implicando uma nova forma de relação da sociedade com a natureza. Desse modo, a formação articula conhecimentos científicos com a qualificação profissional, abrangendo a relação entre educação e trabalho, pressupostos da educação politécnica. Constata-se a relevância social do Curso, considerando-o enquanto uma possibilidade para a formação de profissionais preocupados com a realidade socioambiental da atualidade, com a proteção ambiental e com a gestão dos recursos naturais.
Ein Interview mit Alfred Franz
Authors: Franz Alfred , Rainer Norbert , Richter Josef 
Published: April 2020

Das Interview mit Alfred Franz wurde von Norbert Rainer und Josef Richter am 11. Februar 2020 in Wien durchgeführt. Es beleuchtet die Entwicklung der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung in Österreich seit 1965 und insbesondere den geänderten Stellenwert der Amtlichen Statistik nach dem Beitritt Österreichs zu EU. Ein weiteres Thema ist die Entwicklung der Österreichischen Statistischen Gesellschaft in den letzten Jahrzehnten.
Alfred Franz war von 1965 bis 2002 im Österreichischen Statistischen Zentralamt (später Statistik Austria), ab 1976 stellvertretender, von 1982 bis 1994 Leiter der Abteilung für Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung, danach bis 2002 Leiter der Abteilung Sozialstatistik (einschließlich Internationale Vergleiche und Regionale Gesamtrechnung). 1984 Ernennung zum Hofrat. Von 1989 bis 2009 Honorarprofessur für Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistik an der Universität Wien, Vorlesungen an der Universität Innsbruck und der Technischen Universität Wien. Mitarbeit an zahlreichen internationale Projekten, insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der Berechnung von Kaufkraftparitäten und Realvergleichen (ECE, WB, OECD, EU), zu Tourismus-Konten (WTO, OECD, EU) und zur „Hidden Economy“ (OECD). Tagungsbeiträge und Monographien zu den angeführten Themenkreisen.
Geschäftsführender Sekretär der Österreichischen Statistischen Gesellschaft von 1982 bis 1995; bis 2008 Mitglied des Vorstandes. 2001 Verleihung der Ehrenmitgliedschaft.
Hauptanliegen waren stets Systemfragen der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung aller Art und die Entwicklung von Satellitenkonten (z.B. Gesundheit, Haushaltsarbeit, Tourismus), spezifische Methodenfragen und insbesondere die Behandlung des „Staates“ in der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnung.
“If You Plant Something, You Will Harvest Something”: Backyard Gardening and Community Development in Rural Philippines
Authors: Salazar Ami Dasig , Werner Pauline , Cloete Elene 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article explores the intangible benefits of backyard gardening for community development. Research confirms backyard gardening as a productive approach of communities toward greater food security and biodiversity. Those are, however, not these gardens' only benefits. Using the case of a backyard gardening project implemented by a community-based organization in rural Philippines, we argue that the benefits of backyard gardens stretch beyond health and finance. These gardens also increase local community-based organizations' institutional capacity while fostering community-wide cohesion, rekindling knowledge sources, and bolstering community members' sense of pride and personal freedom.
Naming Obstetric Violence as a Social Problem
Authors: Nalepa Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Naming social problems is a critical step toward addressing them. Researchers have searched for a term that encompasses the violation of the rights of pregnant women by medical personnel. I argue that instead of more euphemistic terms such as “mistreatment,” “forced compliance,” or “disrespectful care,” we should name these violations more directly. The most popular emerging term is obstetric violence. In the tradition of C. Wright Mills, I argue that obstetric violence is a social problem, too widespread to be merely a personal trouble but rather an issue of public concern. I also address detractors that view using the term obstetric violence as damaging through examples of real women whose experiences cannot and should not be underplayed.
Not Just “Another Climate Change Story” But the Wealth of Climate Change Stories: Looking Upstream, Downstream, in Every Stream
Authors: Crate Susan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Herein I respond to Baer and Singer's critique of our special issue on Storying Climate Change by citing the importance of engaging all the fields and subfields of anthropology and the diversity of approaches. I also discuss the importance of changing the narrative to mobilize more action and to develop approaches that resonate with people across the socio-cultural and political spectrum.
Derechos humanos desde la diversidad lingüística e identitaria de las personas sordas
Authors: Jauregi Amaia , Bernarás Elena , Jaureguizar Joana 
Published: April 2020

Este artículo pretende contribuir a la toma de conciencia sobre la diversidad lingüístico-cultural de las personas sordas y sus necesidades, así como sobre la situación de exclusión que vivencian en todas las áreas de la vida debido, por un lado, al desconocimiento social de sus características y necesidades y, por otro, a las barreras de comunicación y de acceso a la información. Las personas sordas se encuentran en una situación de discapacidad socialmente desapercibida. Para conocer su realidad, se muestran algunas pinceladas sobre sus características audiológicas y lingüístico-culturales, y se exponen algunos hechos y situaciones que explicitan las barreras sociales y actitudinales a las que se enfrentan en diversos ámbitos de su vida cotidiana. De esta manera se pretende evidenciar la vulneración de los derechos que recoge la legislación vigente y la situación de discriminación en la que viven.Recibido: 03 octubre 2019Aceptado: 24 febrero 2020Publicación en línea: Artículos en prensa 03 abril 2020; Núm. 5 (2020) 26 junio 2020