bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic personal assessment questionnaire for vascular conditions (ePAQ-VAS): development and validity
Authors: Aber A , Phillips P , Hughes J , Keetharuth A D , Rooney G , Radley S , Walters S , Nawaz S , Jones G , Michaels J 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis paper describes the development and validation of an electronic personal assessment questionnaire for vascular conditions (ePAQ-VAS) that captures the symptomatology, quality of life and clinically relevant data of patients presenting to vascular services.MethodsA two-stage survey was conducted in patients attending a tertiary vascular department. Patients completed the ePAQ-VAS remotely online, or on site using an electronic tablet. In the first stage of the survey, the responses were used to perform confirmatory factor analysis to assess the construct validity and remove redundant items. The internal reliability of disease-specific scales was investigated. In the second stage of the survey, the acceptability, known-group validity, test–retest reliability, and responsiveness of ePAQ-VAS was assessed.ResultsIn total, 721 patients completed ePAQ-VAS. Their mean(s.d.) age was 63·5(15·7) years and 468 (64·9 per cent) were men. Some 553 patients (76·7 per cent) completed the questionnaire in clinic and the remainder completed the questionnaire online. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the conceptual model for ePAQ-VAS structure and eliminated six items. Internal reliability was acceptable for all the scales (Cronbach's α greater than 0·7). The test–retest reliability measured by the intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0·65 to 0·99. The results showed that the instrument was responsive over time with the standardized response mean ranging from 0·69 to 1·60.ConclusionePAQ-VAS is a holistic data-collection process that is relevant to vascular service users and has potential to contribute to patient-focused care and the collection of aggregate data for service evaluation. A demonstration version of the final version of ePAQ can be viewed at http://demo-questionnaire.epaq.co.uk/home/project?id=VASC_1.7&page=1.
The membranous septum revisited: A glimpse of our anatomical past
Authors: De Almeida Marcos C. , Sanchez‐Quintana Damian , Anderson Robert H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe so‐called membranous septum is the fibrous component of the septal structures within the heart. It is relatively subtle in its appearance, but of considerable significance to the understanding of cardiac function and cardiac disease, both congenital and acquired. Surprisingly, its existence was seemingly unknown until the early decades of the 19th century. At this time, those writing in the English language described it as the “undefended space,” recognizing its importance in the setting of its aneurysmal dilation, and as the site of septal defects. By the initial decade of the 20th century, it had come to be recognized as the landmark to the site of atrioventricular bundle. Over the first decade of the 21st century, its clinical significance has been emphasized in the context of transcutaneous replacement of the aortic valve. In this review, we describe our own recent investigations of this fibrous part of the septal structures. At the same time, we provide a glimpse of our anatomic past, explaining how its initial description relied on the observations of young physicians taking their first steps in the investigation of cardiac anatomy.
Allelopathic Effects of Castanea henryi Aqueous Extracts on the Growth and Physiology of Brassica pekinensis and Zea mays
Authors: Ming Yue , Hu Guan‐Xing , Li Jing , Zhu Zhou‐Jun , Fan Xiao‐Ming , Yuan De‐Yi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe present study investigated the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Castanea henryi litter on the growth and physiological responses of Brassica pekinensis and Zea mays. Treatment with high concentrations of leaf extract (0.05 g/ml for B. pekinensis and 0.10 g/ml for Z. mays) significantly increased malonaldehyde content and reduced seed germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll content, and the activity levels of antioxidant enzymes. These effects generally increased with increasing extract concentration. However, in Z. mays, low extract concentrations actually promoted seed germination, shoot growth, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The allelopathic effects of the various C. henryi extracts decreased as follows: leaf extract > twig extract > shell extract. Eleven potential allelochemicals including rutin, quercetin, luteolin, procyanidin A2, kaempferol, allantoin, propionic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, methylmalonic acid, and gentisic acid were identified in the leaves of C. henryi which were linked to the strongest allelopathic effects. These findings suggest that the allelopathic effects of C. henryi differ depending on receptor plant species, and that leaves are the most allelopathic litter in C. henryi.
Ion Dynamics of Water‐in‐Salt Electrolyte with Organic Solvents in Nanoporous Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Li Changwen , Bo Zheng , Yang Huachao , Yang Jinyuan , Kong Jing , Wu Shenghao , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWater‐in‐salt electrolytes blended with organics solvents, that is, organic solvent/water mixed electrolytes, are promising for applications in next‐generation energy storage devices vitally needed for industrial electrification and decarbonization. However, the electrolyte ion diffusion behaviors within nanoporous supercapacitor electrodes are poorly understood. Here a systematic investigation into supercapacitor resistances and ion kinetics is carried out experimentally and with numerical simulations. The electrochemical results on the nanoporous electrodes reveal a nonmonotonic (decreasing, increasing, and then decreasing) trend of supercapacitor resistances with increasing solvent mobility, challenging the long‐held views that supercapacitor resistances decrease with elevated mobility of organic solvent. The abnormal trend is examined by numerical molecular dynamics simulations of electrolyte ion diffusion within 0.95 nm nanochannels. The electrolyte conductivity is related to cation–anion interactions within nanochannels. We further confirm the crucial interplay of the van der Waals sizes of solvent molecules and channel width in determining electrolyte conductivity in nanoporous electrodes.
Fiber consumption and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies
Authors: Farvid Maryam S. , Spence Nicholas D. , Holmes Michelle D. , Barnett Junaidah B. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundAssociations between fiber intake and breast cancer risk have been evaluated in prospective studies, but overall, the evidence is inconsistent. The authors performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies to investigate the relation between intake of total and types of fiber with breast cancer incidence.MethodsThe MEDLINE and Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE) databases were searched through July 2019 for prospective studies that reported on the association between fiber consumption and incident breast cancer. The pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated comparing the highest versus the lowest category of total and types of fiber consumption, using a random‐effects meta‐analysis.ResultsThe authors identified 17 cohort studies, 2 nested case‐control studies, and 1 clinical trial study. Total fiber consumption was associated with an 8% lower risk of breast cancer (comparing the highest versus the lowest category, pooled RR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88‐0.95 [I2 = 12.6%]). Soluble fiber was found to be significantly inversely associated with risk of breast cancer (pooled RR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.84‐0.96; I2 = 12.6%]) and insoluble fiber was found to be suggestively inversely associated with risk of breast cancer (pooled RR, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.86‐1.00; I2 = 33.4%]). Higher total fiber intake was associated with a lower risk of both premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancers (pooled RR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.67‐0.99; I2 = 35.2%] and pooled RR, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.88‐0.95; I2 = 0.0%], respectively). Furthermore, the authors observed a nonsignificant inverse association between intake of total fiber and risk of both estrogen and progesterone receptor–positive and estrogen and progesterone receptor–negative breast cancers.ConclusionsA random‐effects meta‐analysis of prospective observational studies demonstrated that high total fiber consumption was associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. This finding was consistent for soluble fiber as well as for women with premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer.
Genetics and molecular mapping for salinity stress tolerance at seedling stage in lentil (Lens culinarisMedik)
Authors: Singh Dharmendra , Singh Chandan Kumar , Tomar Ram Sewak Singh , Sharma Shristi , Karwa Sourabh , Pal Madan , Singh Vijayata , Sanwal Satish Kumar , Sharma PC 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn investigation was conducted to understand the genetics and molecular mapping for salinity stress tolerance in lentil at the seedling stage. The populations were developed through crossing between salt sensitive (L‐4147 and L‐4076) and salt‐tolerant (PDL‐1 and PSL‐9) genotypes. The parents, F1, F2, F3and backcross populations were assayed in salt solution at 120 mM NaCl for assessing salinity stress tolerance based on seedling survival and a Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) signal. The F1swere found tolerant to salinity stress indicating their dominance over the sensitive ones. The F2segregation fitted well with the expected monogenic frequency ratio of salt‐tolerant: salt‐sensitive plants, which indicates that salinity stress tolerance is governed by a single dominant gene. This was also confirmed in F3and backcross segregation data. Allelism test supported the hypothesis that the same gene was conferring stress tolerance in tolerant genotypes (PDL‐1 and PSL‐9). This matched with major QTL of seedling survival under salinity stress. Four hundred and ninety‐five SSR markers were analyzed for polymorphism and 11 of them were found polymorphic between the parents. Among eleven polymorphic markers, seven were associated with seedling survival under salinity stress. The QTL of this trait was mapped within a map distance of 133.02 cM in F2mapping population (L‐4147 × PDL‐1) and it was found located on linkage group 1 (LG_1) and explained phenotypic variance of 65.6%. This report on QTL mapping should be useful for dissection of candidate genes and development of molecular markers for improvement of salinity stress tolerance in lentil.
ORuML: Optimized Routing in wireless networks using Machine Learning
Authors: Chaudhary Sapna , Johari Rahul 
Published: April 2020

SummaryRouting is a process of selecting a path in a network for delivering a packet from source node to destination node. Successful delivery of a message is a challenge, and therefore, this paper proposes an algorithm for a wireless network called Optimized Routing in wireless networks using Machine Learning (ORuML), which uses machine learning algorithm namely, K‐nearest neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR), to predict the network type of the source and destination nodes. The ML model is trained by using characteristic features of a node collected in real time such as battery power utilization, available internal storage, IP address, and range of a node. Intuitively, the MLR should outperform KNN and SVM in terms of accuracy and Area under ROC Curve (AUC). The proposed algorithm determines whether the source and destination nodes are co‐located and also, determines the best neighboring hop for efficient routing.
Investigation of a new energy system for clean methanol production
Authors: Ishaq Haris , Dincer Ibrahim 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThis study develops a novel system for renewable energy based methanol production in a clean way. The proposed system employs solar heliostat and solar PV subsystems for hydrogen, cooling and power production. The solar heliostat field, thermochemical copper‐chlorine (Cu‐Cl) cycle, refrigeration, methanol production and methanol separation are the major components in the proposed system. First, clean hydrogen is produced via a four‐step thermochemical Cu‐Cl cycle which is further synthesized into methanol. The proposed configuration is investigated under both energy and exergy analyses and software package of Engineering Equation Solver and Aspen Plus are employed for modeling and simulation. The performance index is calculated in terms of efficiencies, and the calculated overall energy and exergy efficiencies are 37.58% and 36.8%. The energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the Cu‐Cl cycle are found to be 39.6% and 43.5% respectively. Further sensitivity results are presented and discussed in this study.
SOFCluster: Safety‐oriented, fuzzy logic‐based clustering scheme for vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Aissa Mohamed , Bouhdid Badia , Ben Mnaouer Adel , Belghith Abdelfettah , AlAhmadi Saad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVehicular ad hoc network (VANET) nodes are characterized by their high mobility and by exhibiting different mobility patterns. Therefore, VANET clustering schemes are required to account for the mobility parameters among neighboring nodes to produce relatively stable clustering schemes. In this article, we propose a novel cluster‐head (CH) selection scheme for VANETs. This scheme is based on a fuzzy logic‐powered, k‐hop distributed clustering algorithm. It deals efficiently with scalability and stability issues of VANETs and is able to achieve highly stable clustering topologies as compared with other schemes. Our proposed clustering scheme strives to maintain a safe intervehicle distance as a one prime metric for CH selection. Moreover, a major contribution of our work is the proposal of a novel strategy for constructing fuzzy logic‐based clustering algorithms useful for VANETs. This proposed solution is useful in an Internet of things‐based setting that involves controlled vehicle‐to‐vehicle communication. We first derive mathematically, a new average distance estimation formula that is used as a metric for selecting CHs, leading to safer clusters that avoid collisions with front and rear vehicles. Furthermore, the new proposed scheme creates stable clusters by reducing reclustering overhead and prolonging clusters' lifetimes.
Voices: A memorial, a history, and a call for the future of the practice and application of feminist anthropology
Authors: Wies Jennifer 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article examines Voices: A Publication of the Association for Feminist Anthropology (1995‐2018) as a collection of feminist anthropology articles, arguing that an analysis of Voices represents an interrogation of feminist anthropology in general. Voices was a transformative publication for many in feminist anthropology—somewhat subversive (not peer‐reviewed!), a dedicated space for straightforward truth speaking over time, a space for an alignment of the personal and the political, and the location for setting feminist anthropology agendas. Using a grounded theory framework, 138 articles across seventeen issues (509 pages) were analyzed to identify thematic trends and chronological shifts through time. The grounded theory analysis revealed that the most frequently appearing themes include inclusivity and diversity, women's bodies, teaching and mentoring, and policy. While the first two themes maintained or increased in prominence over time, the themes of teaching and mentoring and policy decreased in Voices contributions through time. Thus, what is stunning and alarming in the Voices data is the shift away from the practice and application of feminist anthropology. Therefore, the future of feminist anthropology must include fierce protection for the practice and application of feminist anthropology, which is vital to the discipline and to our efforts to improve the human condition.
The Asymmetric Effects of Cu2+ Contamination in a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)
Authors: Zhu F. , Wu A. , Luo L. , Wang C. , Yang F. , Wei G. , Xia G. , Yin J. , Zhang J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the effects of Cu2+ contamination on the cathode, anode and membrane of a 50 cm2 acitve area membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), by using carbon supported dealloyed PtCu3 nanoparticles as the cathode electrocatalysts. PtCu3 is dealloyed with nitric acid at 25 °C and 80 °C for different dealloying harshness. It is found that the MEA with the catalyst dealloyed at 25 °C has a higher performance at low current density region, while it has a lower performance at medium to high current density region, compared to the MEA with the catalyst dealloyed at 80 °C. The contamination effect is found to be asymmetric to the cathode, anode and membrane in an operating PEMFC. Accumulation of Cu2+ takes place at the cathode due to the electric field through the thickness direction of the MEA, detrimenting the proton transport in the cathode and causing a high cathode sheet resistance. This detrimental effect becomes more severe when PEMFC operating at high current density and low humidity, which is rationalized in detail in the discussion. Mitigation strategy of copper cation contamination on PEMFC performance has been proposed to ensure successful application of carbon supported Pt‐Cu alloy electrocatalysts with high activity in PEMFCs.
HIV‐1 infection and latency‐reversing agents bryostatin‐1 and JQ1 disrupt amyloid beta homeostasis in human astrocytes
Authors: Proust Alizé , Barat Corinne , Leboeuf Mathieu , Drouin Jean , Gagnon Marie‐Thérèse , Vanasse François , Tremblay Michel J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSince the introduction of the combined antiretroviral therapy, HIV‐1 infection has become a manageable chronic disease in which patients display a life expectancy almost identical to the general population. Nevertheless, various age‐related pathologies such as neurocognitive disorders have emerged as serious complications. A “shock and kill” strategy using latency‐reversing agents (LRA) to reactivate HIV‐1 has been proposed to eliminate the viral reservoir in such chronically infected patients. However, the impact of LRA on the central nervous system remains elusive. Given that an increased amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition is a feature of HIV‐1‐infected brains, we investigated the consequences of HIV‐1 infection and treatment with two LRA (bryostatin‐1 and JQ1) on the capacity of human astrocytes to engulf and clear Aβ. We show here that HIV‐1‐infected astrocytes accumulate a very high amount of Aβ compared to uninfected cells, but the engulfed peptide in degraded very slowly. The LRA bryostatin‐1 induces a reduction in Aβ endocytosis, whereas JQ1 treatment results in a very slow degradation of the ingested material associated with a reduced expression of the endopeptidase neprilysin. An exposure to JQ1 also induces a sustained release of Aβ‐loaded microvesicles. Thus, both HIV‐1 infection and treatment with some LRA could contribute to the reported Aβ accumulation in the brain of HIV‐1‐infected persons.
Spatiotemporal Controllability and Environmental Risk Assessment of Genetically Engineered Gene Drive Organisms from the Perspective of European Union Genetically Modified Organism Regulation
Authors: Then Christoph , Kawall Katharina , Valenzuela Nina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Gene drive organisms are a recent development created by using methods of genetic engineering; they inherit genetic constructs that are passed on to future generations with a higher probability than with Mendelian inheritance. There are some specific challenges inherent to the environmental risk assessment (ERA) of genetically engineered (GE) gene drive organisms because subsequent generations of these GE organisms might show effects that were not observed or intended in the former generations. Unintended effects can emerge from interaction of the gene drive construct with the heterogeneous genetic background of natural populations and/or be triggered by changing environmental conditions. This is especially relevant in the case of gene drives with invasive characteristics and typically takes dozens of generations to render the desired effect. Under these circumstances, “next generation effects” can substantially increase the spatial and temporal complexity associated with a high level of uncertainty in ERA. To deal with these problems, we suggest the introduction of a new additional step in the ERA of GE gene drive organisms that takes 3 criteria into account: the biology of the target organisms, their naturally occurring interactions with the environment (biotic and abiotic), and their intended biological characteristics introduced by genetic engineering. These 3 criteria are merged to form an additional step in ERA, combining specific “knowns” and integrating areas of “known unknowns” and uncertainties, with the aim of assessing the spatiotemporal controllability of GE gene drive organisms. The establishment of assessing spatiotemporal controllability can be used to define so-called “cut-off criteria” in the risk analysis of GE gene drive organisms: If it is likely that GE gene drive organisms escape spatiotemporal controllability, the risk assessment cannot be sufficiently reliable because it is not conclusive. Under such circumstances, the environmental release of the GE gene drive organisms would not be compatible with the precautionary principle (PP). Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:555–568. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
Catechol oxidase and phenoxazinone synthase mimicking activity, X‐ray diffraction and density function theory study of pyridine and phenolate‐based manganese(II) and iron(III) complexes: Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization
Authors: Ramadan Abd El‐Motaleb M. , Shaban Shaban Y. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Eissa Hatem , Al‐Saidi Hamed M. , Fathy Ahmad M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA new series of MnII and FeIII chelates containing pyridine and phenolate‐based ligands was synthesized by treating the metal salt in ethanol with the Schiff‐bases, which were formed in situ. Analytical (C, H, N, and M), thermal analysis (thermogravimetric analysis & differential thermogravimetric), and spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV–Vis, ESR) in addition to molar conductance and magnetic measurements were employed to characterize the prepared metal chelates. Mono‐nuclear metal complexes, with N5 donor containing pentadentate Schiff‐base ligands were obtained. In addition, two dibridged homobinuclear iron(III) complexes with N4O donors containing phenolate‐based ligand were successfully isolated. Six‐coordinate complex species in an octahedral environment is proposed for both MnII and FeIII metal complexes. The density function theory study was used to optimize the geometrical shapes of three of the existing metal complexes and to identify some global reactivity descriptors. In addition, spectral data of PXRD with Expo 2014's structural solution software were utilized in the structural illustration of a representative MnII and FeIII complexes. Aerobic catalytic oxidation of 4‐tert‐butylcatechol (4‐TBCH2) and o‐aminophenol under catalytic conditions was studied by using the present manganese(II) and iron(III) complexes. The synthesized MnII and FeIII chelates exhibited a promising catalytic activity and probable catalytic sequences have been discussed.