bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of ganglion cell complex defects and association with functional status in glaucoma patients and suspects
Authors: Amorim-Cabral Camila Lisandra Dantas , Zanrarini Vinicius Henrique Quintiliano , Paskova Mayara Fernanda , Hilariao Ana-Aurea Vilas Boas Pombo , Kasahara Niro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate the frequency and patterns of ganglion cell complex (GCC) defects by spectral-domain, high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients and suspects.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study and included 220 patients with POAG and suspects. The OCT printouts were analyzed by two examiners who carefully searched for GCC defects and in common agreement stratified them into 10 different patterns. Structural and functional variables were compared among each different defect pattern.

Results:
The sample comprised 91 eyes of 47 patients. The most frequent GCC defect pattern was the minimal (39.1%). It affected more women than man at a rate of 1.4 and was associated with early disease. The inferior dominant defect pattern was found in 7.6% of participants and only POAG. The temporal raphe sign was observed in 5.4% of eyes and was associated with early disease.

Conclusion:
In this cohort of Brazilians patients with POAG and suspects, the minimal pattern was the most prevalent GCC defect and was noticed in eyes with early disease. The inferior dominant defect pattern had a low prevalence but was the most specific. Clinicians should pay attention to these defects when evaluating suspicious and patients with early disease.
Assessment of the Novel Food D-tagatose for a Change to the Conditions of Use (RP1652)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: February 2025

The Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) received an application from Bonumose, Inc., U.S.A (“the applicant”) for a change to the conditions of use of D-tagatose as a novel food to each nation of Great Britain in July 2022. D-tagatose was first authorised in 2005 following an application pursuant to Regulation (EC) No. 258/97 Article 4.2 applicable to the UK (and EU) and is currently authorised as a novel food in Great Britain (GB) under assimilated Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2470. The novel food is an epimer of fructose and a sugar monosaccharide, with 75-92% the sweetness of sucrose “table sugar”. D-tagatose is produced via enzymatic conversion followed by purification to obtain a dried crystalline product. This application seeks to modify the conditions of use to permit a new novel food source, maltodextrin, and a modified enzymatic conversion production method. The applicant seeks to amend the specifications and include additional labelling options to use “tagatose” as a name of the novel food in the specified labelling for its authorisation. The FSA and FSS in their evaluation of the application reviewed the safety dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. The FSA and FSS did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the change in the conditions of use to extend the food is safe, and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage. The FSA and FSS concluded that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure that the change in the conditions of use for D-tagatose in its production is safe under the intended conditions of use. The safety assessment represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
Safety Assessment on Genetically Modified Stacked GA21 X T25 Maize for Food and Feed Uses Under Assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 (RP2023)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: February 2025

The Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) received an application from Syngenta Limited (“the applicant”) under assimilated Regulation (EC) No. 1829/2003 for GA21 x T25 maize. GA21 x T25 maize is modified to introduce the mEPSPS and pat transgenes. The corresponding proteins produced confer tolerance to glyphosate herbicide (mEPSPS) and tolerance to glufosinate ammonium herbicide (PAT). The scope of the application is for the authorisation for import, processing, and food and feed use of GA21 x T25 maize. The application does not cover cultivation and no GA21 x T25 maize will be grown in the UK. FSA and FSS reviewed the technical dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. The safety assessment included molecular characterisation, a comparative assessment, a food/feed safety assessment encompassing toxicity and allergenicity assessments, and a nutritional assessment. Advice on the environmental risk assessment from the Advisory Committee on Release to the Environment (ACRE) was also taken into account by FSA/FSS who concluded that genetically modified GA21 x T25 maize is as safe as the conventional counterpart. This safety assessment represents the opinion of the FSA and FSS.
Safety Assessment on the Safety and Efficacy of an Additive of Bacillus Velezensis as the Active Agent (Enviva® PRO 202 GT) Used as a Feed Additive for Turkeys for Fattening and Turkeys Reared for Breeding (RP1258)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: February 2025

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency in September 2021 from Genencor International B.V, (‘the applicant’) for the new use application (extension of species) of an additive (Enviva® PRO 202 GT) containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, which has now been reclassified as Bacillus velezensis, under the category ’zootechnical additives” and functional group “gut flora stabiliser”. The additive is proposed to be used at the minimum content of 7.5 x 107 CFU/kg complete feed for use in turkeys for fattening and turkeys reared for breeding. To support the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in evaluating the dossier, the Advisory Committee on Animal Feedingstuffs (ACAF) was asked to review the dossier and the supplementary information from the applicant. The FSA/FSS concluded, based on the ACAF’s advice, that the additive was correctly identified and characterised, and that the additive can be considered safe for the target species, the consumer and the environment. The additive should be considered a skin sensitiser, respiratory sensitiser and a potential irritant to eyes for the user/worker. The additive proved to be efficacious in chickens for fattening. The results can be extrapolated to turkeys for fattening and turkeys reared for breeding.
Safety Assessment on Cannabidiol (CBD) Used as a Novel Food for Use in Food Supplements (RP354)
Authors:   Food Standards Agency,   Food Standards Scotland
Published: February 2025

An application was submitted to the Food Standards Agency (FSA) and Food Standards Scotland (FSS) in February 2021 from Bridge Farm Group (“the applicant”) for the authorisation of cannabidiol (CBD) isolate as a novel food. The novel food is a ≥98% pure form CBD isolate which is intended to be used as a food ingredient in food supplements for adults (excluding pregnant and lactating women, and other specifically identified vulnerable groups, including those taking medication and the immunosuppressed). The novel food was assessed based on the data provided. This review indicated it was appropriate for the provisional acceptable daily intake ADI for 98% or greater CBD to form part of the evidence for this assessment. For CBD a provisional ADI of 10 mg/day for a healthy 70 kg adult has been published by the FSA and was considered in assessing this novel food. The Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) reviewed the dossier and supplementary information provided by the applicant. The Committee did not consider any potential health benefits or claims arising from consuming the food, as the focus of the novel food assessment is to ensure the food is safe and not putting consumers at a nutritional disadvantage. The FSA and FSS concluded, based on the advice of the ACNFP, that the applicant had provided sufficient information to assure the novel food, CBD isolate, was safe under the proposed conditions of use. The anticipated intake levels and the proposed use in food supplements was not considered to be nutritionally disadvantageous. This safety assessment represents the opinions of the FSA and FSS.
The Influence of Macroeconomic Factors on Financial Distress of Companies in Asean: an Analysis of SDG Implications
Authors: Rahayu Nur Ellyanawati Esty , Kusuma Hadri , Arifin Zaenal 
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study aims to analyze the influence of macroeconomic factors, namely gross domestic product growth, inflation, interest rates, and the exchange rate of the US dollar on the financial distress of companies going public in ASEAN countries.

Theoretical Framework: gross domestic product has a negative effect on financial distress, while inflation, interest rates, and the US dollar exchange rate have a positive effect on it. Market as a control variable negatively affects financial distress.

Method: This study uses a sample of 3,285 nonfinancial-going public companies in ASEAN countries from 2009 to 2023 (15 years). This study uses secondary data, in the form of data on the company's annual financial statements.

Results and Discussion: The findings reveal that high inflation and interest rates significantly contribute to financial distress, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aimed at fostering economic stability and resilience. This study's results indicate that, both collectively and by nation, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth positively and significantly affects the financial distress of publicly listed companies in ASEAN. The inflation and interest rates, both collectively within ASEAN and individually by country, exert a negative and significant influence on the financial distress of publicly listed companies in the region. The exchange rate of the US dollar, both in ASEAN as a whole and in nations other than Vietnam, adversely and significantly affects the financial distress of publicly listed companies in ASEAN. Finally, the market, as a control variable, has a positive and significant effect on the financial distress of publicly listed firms in ASEAN, both collectively and per nation, with the exception of Singapore.

Research Implications: The limitations of this study lie in the use of macroeconomic factors to examine their influence on financial distress in publicly listed companies in ASEAN. This study is also restricted to non-financial publicly listed companies. While this research provides valuable insights into the impact of macroeconomic factors on financial distress, it is important to acknowledge its limitations and consider the practical implications for various stakeholders.

Originality/Value: The results of this study not only back up what other research has found, but they also help us learn more about how macroeconomic factors, including GDP growth, inflation rate, interest rate, US dollar exchange rate, and capital market conditions, affect firms' finances. This study's novelty is rooted in its comparative approach to analyze data from different ASEAN countries, which provides greater insight into how macroeconomic factors play a role in different contexts.
ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG DI CĂN HẠCH NÁCH VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ VÚ GIAI ĐOẠN I –IIIA ĐƯỢC PHẪU THUẬT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Phạm Cẩm Phương , Phạm Văn Thái , Phan Tùng Lâm , Mai Trọng Khoa , Nguyễn Quang Hùng 
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tình trạng di căn hạch nách và các yếu tố liên quan dự báo tình trạng di căn hạch nách của các bệnh nhân ung thư vú giai đoạn I –IIIA được phẫu thuật tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu, mô tả cắt ngang trên 37 bệnh nhân ung thư vú giai đoạn I –IIIA được phẫu thuật cắt toàn bộ tuyến vú hoặc bảo tồn có vét hạch nách tại bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 01/2021 đến tháng 01/2024. Kết quả: Đa số nhóm đối tượng nghiên cứu có tuổi ≥ 40 (83,7%). Khối u kích thước chủ yếu ở giai đoạn T1, T2 (94,6%), nằm ở vị trí ¼ trên ngoài (67,6%), số hạch vét được sau phẫu thuật chủ yếu ít hơn 10 hạch, chiếm tỷ lệ 54,0%. Thể mô bệnh học hay gặp nhất là Carcinoma xâm nhập type NST (89,2%) với độ mô học chủ yếu là độ II 70,2(%). Đa số khối u chưa xâm nhập mạch máu, mạch bạch huyết và thần kinh (90,9%, 78,4% và 95,5%). Có 67,6% khối u có tình trạng ER(+), 64,9% có PR(+), 43,2% bộc lộ quá mức Her-2 và đa số có chỉ số Ki67 cao (59,5%. T)ỷ lệ di căn hạch nách là 43,0% . Đánh giá hạch nách bằng lâm sàng có độ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu thấp, tỷ lệ âm tính giả cao. Yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến di căn hạch nách là kích thước u với p < 0,05. Kết luận : Tỷ lệ di căn hạch nách trên các bệnh nhân UTV giai đoạn I –IIIA là 43,0%, trong đó có 24,3% số bệnh nhân di căn 1-3 hạch và 18,7% bệnh nhân di căn từ 4 hạch trở lên. Kích thước u là yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến tình trạng di căn hạch nách với p=0,045.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM LỘ TUYẾN CỔ TỬ CUNG BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP ÁP LẠNH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN CẦN THƠ NĂM 2023-2024
Authors: Bành Dương Yến Nhi , Trần Thị Sơn Trà , Hoàng Thị Tuyết Nhung , Chung Cẩm Ngọc , Nguyễn Hửu Phước , Đặng Thị Mai Anh , Đoàn Dũng Tiến , Hoàng Minh Tú 
Published: February 2025

Đặt vấn đề: Viêm lộ tuyến cổ tử cung (CTC) là một tình trạng lâm sàng phổ biến. Bệnh có nguy cơ dẫn đến các biến chứng nghiêm trọng như viêm nhiễm tái phát, vô sinh hoặc ung thư cổ tử cung. Mục tiêu: mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và kết quả điều trị viêm lộ tuyến CTC bằng phương pháp áp lạnh tại Bệnh viện Phụ sản thành phố Cần Thơ (PSTPCT). Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang tiến cứu trên 116 trường hợp bệnh nhân viêm lộ tuyến CTC có chỉ định điều trị bằng phương pháp áp lạnh tại Bệnh viện PSTPCT từ tháng 1/2023 đến 10/2024. Kết quả: tuổi trung bình 33,8 ± 7,6 tuổi, đường kính lộ tuyến trung bình 2,6± 0,8cm, thời gian tiết dịch trung bình sau điều trị 11,03 ± 4,1 ngày, thường gặp ở nhóm phụ nữ đã có gia đình, tác nhân gây viêm thường gặp là tạp trùng chiếm 53.4%, có mối liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa đường kính tổn thương và thời gian tiết dịch. Tỷ lệ khỏi viêm lộ tuyến sau áp lạnh 4 tuần là 87,9%, Kết luận: Viêm lộ tuyến cổ tử cung là bệnh lý phụ khoa phổ biến ở phụ nữ trong độ tuổi sinh sản, đáp ứng và hồi phục tốt với phương pháp điều trị áp lạnh.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM TỶ LỆ TÍN HIỆU/NHIỄU VÀ TƯƠNG PHẢN/NHIỄU CỦA CHỤP CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH LIỀU THẤP TRONG THEO DÕI CHẤN THƯƠNG SỌ NÃO
Authors: Nguyễn Đình Minh , Phạm Thị Nga 
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu đặc điểm tín hiệu/ nhiễu (SNR) và tương phản/ nhiễu (CNR) trên Cắt lớp vi tính (CLVT) liều thấp trong theo dõi chấn thương sọ não (CTSN). Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 35 bệnh nhân (BN) đang theo dõi CTSN được chụp CLVT liều thấp sọ não với tham số 80kV tại bệnh viện Việt Đức từ tháng 5/2024 đến tháng 10/2024. Các BN được đo tỷ trọng cấu trúc não ở các vùng khác nhau và so sánh với CLVT liều tiêu chuẩn, tham số 120 kV, về SNR và CNR. Kết quả: SNR giảm trên CLVT liều thấp so với liều tiêu chuẩn ở các vị trí vỏ não vùng trán (9,31 ± 2,992 so với 12,47 ± 4,996), chất trắng vùng trán (6,77 ± 1,847 và 8,05 ± 2,565), vỏ tiểu não (7,91 ± 2,889 và 8,99 ± 2,612), cầu não (6,60 ± 1,487 và 7,69 ± 2,087) (p <0,05). Tuy nhiên, SNR vùng máu tụ tăng từ 10,92 ± 2,821 lên 13,62 ± 4,201 (p<0,05). So sánh CNR cho thấy có sự giảm trên CLVT liều thấp so với liều tiêu chuẩn ở vùng trán (2,03 ± 0,551 so với 2,49 ± 0,572) và thuỳ nhộng (0,16 ± 0,329 và 0,24 ± 0,254) (p<0,05). Tuy nhiên CNR vùng máu tụ giữa hai nhóm là không có sự khác biệt với p = 0,567. Kết luận: CLVT liều thấp giảm đáng kể liều chiếu so với CLVT liều tiêu chuẩn trong khi tổn thương máu tụ có SNR cao hơn và CNR là không khác biệt.
OPTIMALISASI POTENSI LOKAL DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS PEREKONOMIAN, PENDIDIKAN DAN PENCEGAHAN STUNTING
Authors: Rendika Febrian  
Published: February 2025

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyampaikan informasi kuliah kerja nyata di Kelurahan
Palabuhanratu, Kecamatan Palabuhanratu. Kuliah kerja nyata ini dilaksanakan dimulai pada 1 Agustus – 31 Agustus 2024. Beberapa rumusan masalah yang ada di Kelurahan Palabuhanratu yaitu, pengelolaan keuangan pengusaha UMKM yang belum efektif dan pasar penjualan belum luas, kurangnya fasilitas ruang kelas di SDN Cipatuguran, angka stunting yang masih tinggi dan Pemberian Makanan Tambahan yang kurang gizi, kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat mengenai kebersihan lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan cara wawancara dan observasi kepada warga masyarakat Kampung Cipatuguran, dan beberapa program yang dilaksanakan pada kegiatan ini antara lain peningkatan UMKM, kegiatan belajar mengajar, zero new stunting, program pembuatan ecobrick, kemerdekaan HUT RI dan mitigasi bencana. KKN ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan warga masyarakat dan potensi lokal di Kampung Cipatuguran.

Kata kunci: Kuliah Kerja Nyata, Kampung Cipatuguran, Kelurahan Palabuhanratu
Dampak Penetapan Tarif Impor Kedelai di Indonesia dengan Analisis Keseimbangan Parsial
Authors: Bayu Aunaya 
Published: February 2025

Soybean is one of strategic foods in Indonesia, with their processed products widely consumed by the population. However, domestic soybean production is currently low, leading to a reliance on imported soybean to meet domestic demand. One form of government intervention to regulate soybean imports is to set soybean import tariffs. The Indonesian government has set a target for food self-sufficiency, including soybean. However, low import tariffs in recent years have had the opposite effect, weakening domestic efforts to increase soybean production and facilitating the flow of soybean imports. This study aims to analyze the impact of soybean import tariffs in Indonesia. The analytical method used is partial equilibrium to calculate the impact of import tariffs on the volume of soybean imports and other economic performance. This study uses basic data on world soybean prices, exchange rate, soybean import volume, domestic soybean production, soybean consumption, and soybean import tariff in 2022. The simulation results show that the liberalization of soybean import tariff results in an increase in soybean import volume and benefits the consumers, but harms soybean producers. On the contrary, the implementation of soybean import tariffs of 5% and 10% results in a decrease in the volume of soybean imports and benefits soybean producers, but harms the consumers.
The Role of Family Support and Social Networks in Shaping The Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Behaviours of Tribal Women
Authors: Sangeetha. M  
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Entrepreneurship among tribal women is a key driver of economic empowerment and social transformation; however, these women face significant barriers such as limited financial resources, socio-cultural constraints, and restricted market access. This study, grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) model, explores how family support and social networks function as valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable (VRIN) resources in shaping their entrepreneurial attitudes and behaviors.
Methods/Measures
A quantitative research approach was employed, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the relationships between family support, social networks, entrepreneurial attitudes, and entrepreneurial behavior. Data was collected from tribal women entrepreneurs through a structured questionnaire utilizing a five-point Likert scale.
Findings
The results indicate that family support and social networks significantly influence entrepreneurial attitudes, which, in turn, positively impact entrepreneurial behavior. Financial assistance, emotional support, and skill-sharing from families enhance self-efficacy and risk-taking, while social networks provide mentorship, market access, and financial linkages, fostering business sustainability and innovation.
Originality
This study contributes to entrepreneurship literature by highlighting the crucial role of intangible resources in tribal women’s business success. By applying the RBV framework, it offers new insights into how family and social capital drive entrepreneurship, providing policy implications for financial inclusion, capacity-building programs, and gender-focused entrepreneurial development.
The Impact of Entrepreneurial Capability on Achieving Strategic Renewal – Analytical Research
Authors: Mohammed Yassin Rahim  
Published: February 2025

The research aimed to determine the impact of Entrepreneurial Capabilities (EC) in its dimensions (sensing, seizing, shaping, synchronizing) on achieving Strategic Renewal (SR) in the General Company for Food Products. It also sought to examine whether there are statistically significant differences in the responses of the research sample regarding (EC) and (SR) in the General Company for Food Products, based on personal and job-related variables such as gender, age, educational qualification, years of experience, and job title. To achieve the research objectives, the descriptive-analytical approach was adopted, and a questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. A simple random sample of 140 employees was selected from a population of 220 employees. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The research found several key results, the most important of which were: (EC) in the General Company for Food Products achieved high levels, with a mean score of (3.84) Similarly, the company achieved high levels of (SR), with a mean score of (3.79) The study also found a statistically significant effect (at the level of α ≤ 0.05) of (EC) in its dimensions (sensing, seizing, shaping, synchronizing) on (SR). However, there were no statistically significant differences at the α ≤ 0.05 significance level between the responses regarding (EC) and (SR) in relation to personal and job-related variables (gender, age, educational qualification, years of experience, and job title).
The Influence of Cognitive Abilities on the Choice of Employment Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Najib Nauval , Agustin Devina , Fitria Riska , Hartarto Romi Bhakti 
Published: February 2025

Cognitive ability plays a crucial role in determining the overall quality of human resources. However, the level of cognitive ability remains a significant concern in Indonesia, as the country ranks 10th in Asia. The primary objective of this study is to analyse the impact of cognitive ability levels on the choice of employment sector in Indonesia. The findings can potentially aid policymakers and stakeholders in devising targeted strategies to improve the country’s cognitive abilities and effectively allocate human resources across different sectors. The study utilises data from the fifth round of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) in 2014 and the multinomial logit model for the analysis. The findings highlight a significant relationship between cognitive ability and the choice of employment sector. Individuals with higher cognitive skills are more inclined to opt for the formal sector as their preferred employment choice rather than agriculture and entrepreneurship. Policymakers should strengthen cognitive skills element in education and job training for Indonesian workers in order to distribute human resources across sectors better and stimulate economic growth.