bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping suitable great ape habitat in and around the Lobéké National Park, South‐East Cameroon
Authors: Ginath Yuh Yisa , N'Goran Paul K. , Dongmo Zacharie N. , Tracz Wiktor , Tangwa Elvis , Agunbiade Michael , Kühl Hjalmar S. , Sop Tenekwetche , Fotang Chefor 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs a result of extensive data collection efforts over the last 20–30 years, there is quite a good understanding of the large‐scale geographic distribution and range limits of African great apes. However, as human activities increasingly fragment great ape spatial distribution, a better understanding of what constitutes suitable great ape habitat is needed to inform conservation and resource extraction management. Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) inhabit the Lobéké National Park and its surrounding forest management units (FMUs) in South‐East Cameroon. Both park and neighboring forestry concessions require reliable evidence on key factors driving great ape distribution for their management plans, yet this information is largely missing and incomplete. This study aimed at mapping great ape habitat suitability in the area and at identifying the most influential predictors among three predictor categories, including landscape predictors (dense forest, swampy forest, distance to water bodies, and topography), human disturbance predictors (hunting, deforestation, distance to roads, and population density), and bioclimatic predictor (annual precipitation). We found that about 63% of highly to moderately suitable chimpanzee habitat occurred within the Lobéké National Park, while only 8.4% of similar habitat conditions occurred within FMUs. For gorillas, highly and moderately suitable habitats occurred within the Lobéké National Park and its surrounding FMUs (82.6% and 65.5%, respectively). Key determinants of suitable chimpanzee habitat were hunting pressure and dense forest, with species occurrence probability optimal at relatively lower hunting rates and at relatively high‐dense forest areas. Key determinants of suitable gorilla habitat were hunting pressure, dense forests, swampy forests, and slope, with species occurrence probability optimal at relatively high‐dense and swampy forest areas and at areas with mild slopes. Our findings show differential response of the two ape species to forestry activities in the study area, thus aligning with previous studies.
Aboveground biomass production and dominant species type determined canopy storage capacity of abandoned grassland communities on semiarid Loess Plateau
Authors: Xiong Peifeng , Chen Zhifei , Zhou Junjie , Lai Shuaibin , Jian Chunxia , Wang Zhi , Xu Bingcheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractQuantifying canopy storage capacity and its temporal variation is necessary for evaluating the ecohydrological effects of grassland restoration. In this study, four grassland communities after abandonment of 2, 7, 15 and 30 years on the semiarid Loess Plateau were selected, and canopy storage capacities, canopy structures and species compositions were examined in the growth period (May to September). Canopy, living plant, standing litter and floor litter storage capacities ranged from 0.11–0.56, 0.030–0.51, 0.0070–0.079 and 0.013–0.21 mm, respectively, and all exhibited an increasing trend with restoration year. Canopy storage capacity, vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass reached the maximum in August. Standing and floor litter storage capacities had the highest correlations with their biomass weights. Species diversity reached the maximum in 15 years abandoned grassland, with no significant monthly change. Annual forb, annual grass, perennial forb and perennial forb/grass were the typical dominant species type of 2, 7, 15 and 30 years abandoned grasslands, respectively. Perennial forbs (Artemisia gmelinii, Lespedeza davurica) had higher water storage than those of annual forb (Artemisia capillaris) and grasses (Setaria viridis, Roegneria kamoji). Path analysis revealed that fresh aboveground biomass and dominant species type mainly affected canopy storage capacity. No significant correlations were found between storage capacity and species diversity indexes. These results highlighted the importance of vegetation aboveground biomass and species functional group for evaluating grassland hydrological function and adopting suitable restoration strategy.
Thermal optimization of manganese dioxide nanorods with enhanced ORR activity for alkaline membrane fuel cell
Authors: Ahmad Shahbaz , Nawaz Tahir , Ullah Abid , Ahmed Mushtaq , Khan M. Owais , Saher Saim , Qamar Affaq , Sikandar Muhammad Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, pristine MnO2 catalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal technique and annealed at 400 and 600°C (MnO2@400°C and MnO2@600°C) transforming it into nanorods in a nitrogen atmosphere. The heat treatment process ameliorates the catalytic activity of the MnO2 catalyst by inducing oxygen vacancies. The catalyst is characterized by scanning electron microscope, and X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, whereas the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity examined through rotating disc electrode and fuel cell test station. To elucidate the effect of sintering temperature on the MnO2 nanorods, the high angle annular dark‐field (HAADF) imaging was carried out on the samples. MnO2@400°C showed preeminent robustness to withstand austere alkaline environment during the experiment and possessed high electrocatalytic activity for the ORR with current density and onset potential values of 6.4 mA cm–2 and 0.80 V VS (RHE), respectively. The single‐cell test experiment of alkaline fuel cell delivered peak power density 81 mW/cm at 50°C. It is believed that this idiosyncratic behavior of MnO2 nanorods is due to the preferential growth on (211) and (310) indices and coexistence of optimized Mn4+/Mn3+ oxidation states as well as the creation of optimum oxygen vacancies on MnO2 nanorods. Moreover, the stretching of MnO2 nanorods occurs with increasing temperature and thus increasing the surface area to volume ratio. Thus thermal treatment shows that MnO2 is highly sensitive toward temperature variation and optimum ORR results can be obtained at adequate temperatures.
Prediction of success of uterus‐preserving management in women with placenta accreta spectrum (CON‐PAS score): A multicenter international study
Authors: Shazly Sherif A. , Hortu Ismet , Shih Jin‐Chung , Melekoglu Rauf , Fan Shangrong , Ahmed Farhat ul Ain , Karaman Erbil , Fatkullin Ildar , Pinto Pedro V. , Irianti Setyorini , Tochie Joel Noutakdie , Abdelbadie Amr S. , Salah Mohamed A. , Elazeem Hossam Aldein S. Abd , Saad Mahmoud M. , Ergenoglu Ahmet M. , Yeniel Ahmet O. , Sagol Sermet , Itil Ismail M. , Kang Jessica , Huang Kuan‐Ying , Yilmaz Ercan , Liang Yiheng , Aziz Hijab , Akhter Tayyiba , Ambreen Afshan , Ateş Çağrı , Karaman Yasemin , Khasanov Albir , Fatkullina Larisa , Akhmadeev Nariman , Vatanina Adelina , Machado Ana Paula , Montenegro Nuno , Effendi Jusuf S. , Suardi Dodi , Pramatirta Ahmad Y. , Aziz Muhamad A. , Siddiq Amilia , Ofakem Ingrid , Dohbit Julius Sama , Fahmy Mohamed S. , Anan Mohamed A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo create a model for prediction of success of uterine‐preserving procedures in women with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).MethodsPAS‐ID is a multicenter study that included 11 centers from 9 countries. Women with PAS, who were managed between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019, were retrospectively included. Data were split into model development and validation cohorts, and a prediction model was created using logistic regression. Main outcome was success of uterine preservation.ResultsOut of 797 women with PAS, 587 were eligible. Uterus‐preserving procedures were successful in 469 patients (79.9%). Number of previous cesarean sections (CS) was inversely associated with management success (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001–3.63 with five previous CS). Other variables were complete placental invasion (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.05–0.43), type of CS incision (aOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.01–0.25 for classical incision), compression sutures (aOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.00–6.16), accreta type (aOR 3.76, 95% CI 1.13–12.53), incising away from placenta (aOR 5.09, 95% CI 1.52–16.97), and uterine resection (aOR 102.57, 95% CI 3.97–2652.74).ConclusionThe present study provides a prediction model for success of uterine preservation, which may assist preoperative and intraoperative decisions, and promote incorporation of uterine preservation procedures in comprehensive PAS protocols.
Potential of Laponite® incorporated oxidized alginate–gelatin (ADA‐GEL) composite hydrogels for extrusion‐based 3D printing
Authors: Cai Fei‐Fan , Heid Susanne , Boccaccini Aldo R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe concept of adding inorganic fillers into hydrogels to form hydrogel nanocomposites often provides advantageous properties which can be exploited for successful 3D biofabrication. In this study, a new composite hydrogel combining oxidized alginate–gelatin (ADA‐GEL) hydrogel and Laponite® nanoclay as inorganic nanofiller was successfully developed and characterized. The results showed that the addition of 0.5% (wt/vol) Laponite® nanoplatelets improved the printability of ADA‐GEL hydrogels enabling the fabrication of detailed structures since a low effect of material spreading and reduced tendency to pore closure appeared. Furthermore, a comparison of different needle types (cylindrical and conical; same inner diameter of 250 μm) in filament fusion test showed that the pattern dispensed by cylindrical tip has enhanced printing accuracy and pattern fidelity when compared with the pattern from conical tip. A glass flip test determined a processing window of 1–2 h after composite ink preparation. Overall, Laponite® /ADA‐GEL hydrogel composites are confirmed as promising inks for 3D bioprinting.
Argentophillic interactions in argentum chalcogenides: First principles calculations and topological analysis of electron density
Authors: Evarestov Robert A. , Panin Andrej I. , Tverjanovich Yuri S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe plasticity of Ag2S and Ag2Se crystals important for applications is associated mainly with AgAg metallophilic bonds, which are related to van der Waals interactions and therefore are not directed. This is demonstrated by the first principles DFT M06 LCAO calculations of Ag2X (X = S, Se) crystals (periodic model) and hypothetical molecules XnAg2n (X = S, Se; n = 1, 2, 4) in gas phase (molecular model). A topological analysis of the calculated electron density, was performed both for periodic and molecular models of Ag2X (X = S, Se). It was found that Ag–Ag interatomic distances are close in periodic and molecular models. The numerical values of electron density, its Laplacian, kinetic, and potential energy densities are also close in both models and confirm the existence of AgAg metallophilic bonds.
Sonographic assessment of inflammatory bowel disease in the emergency department: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: Esterson Akiva , Alpert Evan Avraham , Gabrieli Selma , Granat Nadav 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe use of sonography for diagnosing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported in the radiology literature but is not common practice in the hands of emergency physicians (EPs). We present a series of three cases where IBD was managed by an EP using point‐of‐care ultrasonography (POCUS), and discuss the sonographic features of IBD including bowel wall thickening, increased blood flow on color Doppler, infiltration of surrounding fatty tissue, and presence of intraperitoneal fluid. Complications such as bowel strictures and peri‐colic abscess are also described. We suggest that the use of POCUS for the assessment of IBD patients in the ED may expedite both diagnosis and treatment, as well as minimize the use of additional imaging.
Micro‐CT evaluation of filling of flattened root canals using a new premixed ready‐to‐use calcium silicate sealer by single‐cone technique
Authors: Tavares Karina I. M. C. , Pinto Jáder C. , Santos‐Junior Airton O. , Torres Fernanda F. E. , Guerreiro‐Tanomaru Juliane M. , Tanomaru‐Filho Mário 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the filling ability of a new premixed ready‐to‐use calcium silicate‐based sealer, in comparison with an epoxy resin‐based sealer by the single‐cone technique in flattened root canals. Thirty‐two flattened root canals of maxillary second premolars with buccal‐lingual diameter 4 or more times larger than the mesio‐distal diameter at 9 mm from the radiographic apex were selected. Root canals were prepared using Hyflex EDM 25/0.08 and additional preparation with ultrasonic tip Flatsonic and ProDesign Logic 25/0.03. After preparation, the root canals were filled with two root canal sealers (n = 16): Bio‐C Sealer or AH Plus using the single‐cone technique. Scanning was performed before and after root canal obturation using a Skycan 1176 micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) with an isotropic voxel size of 8.74 μm. The percentage of voids was analyzed in the cervical/middle thirds and in the apical third. Data were submitted to the Mann–Whitney test at a significance level of 5%. There was no statistical difference between Bio‐C Sealer and AH Plus (p > .05). The percentage of voids in the cervical/middle thirds was 8.94% (1.33–39.95) for Bio‐C Sealer and 9.30% (1.19–18.00) for AH Plus (p > .05). In the apical third, this percentage was 11.84% (4.85–27.00) for Bio‐C Sealer and 9.21% (1.34–28.78) for AH Plus (p > .05). By using the single‐cone technique, neither Bio‐C Sealer nor AH Plus provided a voids‐free root canal filling. Both sealers had similar filling ability in flattened root canals.
Current status and management of pancreatic trauma with main pancreatic duct injury: A multicenter nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Ando Yasuhisa , Okano Keiichi , Yasumatsu Hiroshi , Okada Toshimasa , Mizunuma Kimiyoshi , Takada Minoru , Kobayashi Shinjiro , Suzuki Keisuke , Kitamura Nobuya , Oshima Minoru , Suto Hironobu , Nobuyuki Miyatake , Suzuki Yasuyuki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic trauma is reportedly associated with high morbidity and mortality. Main pancreatic duct (MPD) injury is critical for treatment.MethodsAs a study project of the Japanese Society for Abdominal Emergency Medicine (JSAEM), we collected the data of 163 patients with pancreatic trauma who were diagnosed and treated at JSAEM board‐certified hospitals from 2006 to 2016. Clinical backgrounds, diagnostic approaches, management strategies, and outcomes were evaluated.ResultsSixty‐four patients (39%) were diagnosed as having pancreatic trauma with MPD injury that resulted in 3% mortality. Blunt trauma and isolated pancreatic injury were independent factors predicting MPD injury. Nine of 11 patients with MPD injury who were initially treated nonoperatively had serious clinical sequelae and five (45%) required surgery as a secondary treatment. Among all cases, the detectability of MPD injury of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) was superior to that of other imaging modalities (CT or MRI), with higher sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity = 0.96; specificity = 1.0).ConclusionsAcceptable outcomes were observed in pancreatic trauma patients with MPD injury. Nonoperative management should be carefully selected for MPD injury. ERP is recommended to be performed in patients with suspected MPD injury and stable hemodynamics.
Outcomes of deep sedation for catheter ablation of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, with adaptive servo ventilation
Authors: Hayashi Tatsuya , Mizukami Akira , Kuroda Shunsuke , Tateishi Ryo , Kanehama Nozomu , Tachibana Shinichi , Hayasaka Kazuto , Hiroki Jiro , Arai Hirofumi , Yoshioka Kenji , Iwatsuka Ryota , Ueshima Daisuke , Matsumura Akihiko , Goya Masahiko , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundCatheter ablation for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is an established treatment, but the effect of deep sedation on PSVT inducibility remains unclear.AimWe sought to examine PSVT inducibility and outcomes of catheter ablation under deep sedation using adaptive servo ventilation (ASV).MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients who underwent catheter ablation for PSVT under deep sedation (Propofol + Dexmedetomidine) with use of ASV. Anesthetic depth was controlled with BIS™ monitoring, and phenylephrine was administered to prevent anesthesia‐induced hypotension. PSVT induction was attempted in all patients using extrastimuli at baseline, and after isoproterenol (ISP) infusion when necessary.ResultsPSVT was successfully induced in 145 of 147 patients, although ISP infusion was required in the majority (89%). The PSVT was atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) in 77 (53%), atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) in 51 (35%), and atrial tachycardia (AT) in 17 (12%). A higher ISP dose was required for AT compared to other PSVT (AVNRT: 0.06 (IQR 0.03‐0.06) vs AVRT: 0.03 (0.02‐0.06) vs AT: 0.06 (0.03‐0.12) mg/h, P = .013). More than half (51%) of the patients developed hypotension requiring phenylephrine; these patients were older. Acute success was obtained in 99% (patients with AVNRT had endpoints with single echo on ISP in 46%). Long‐term success rate was 136 of 144 (94%) (AVNRT 96%, AVRT 92%, and AT 93%). There were no complications related to deep sedation.ConclusionsDeep sedation with use of ASV is a feasible anesthesia strategy for catheter ablation of PSVT with good long‐term outcome. PSVT remains inducible if ISP is used.
Climatology, variability, and trends in near‐surface wind speeds over the North Atlantic and Europe during 1979–2018 based on ERA5
Authors: Laurila Terhi K. , Sinclair Victoria A. , Gregow Hilppa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study presents the monthly 10‐m wind speed climatology, decadal variability and possible trends in the North Atlantic and Europe from ERA5 reanalysis from 1979 to 2018 and investigates the physical reasons for the decadal variability. Additionally, temporal time series are examined in three locations: the central North Atlantic, Finland and Iberian Peninsula. The 40‐year mean and the 98th percentile wind speeds emphasize a distinct land‐sea contrast and a seasonal variation with the strongest winds over the ocean and during winter. The strongest winds and the highest variability are associated with the storm tracks and local wind phenomena such as the mistral. The extremeness of the winds is examined with an extreme wind factor (the 98th percentile divided by mean wind speeds) which in all months is higher in southern Europe than in northern Europe. Mostly no linear trends in 10‐m wind speeds are identified in the three locations but large annual and decadal variability is evident. The decadal 10‐m wind speeds were stronger than average in the 1990s in northern Europe and in the 1980s and 2010s in southern Europe. These decadal changes were largely explained by the positioning of the jet stream and storm tracks and the strength of the north–south pressure gradient in the North Atlantic. The 10‐m winds have a positive correlation with the North Atlantic Oscillation in the central North Atlantic and Finland on annual scales and during cold season months and a negative correlation in Iberian Peninsula mostly from July to March. The Atlantic Multi‐decadal Oscillation has a moderate negative correlation with the winds in the central North Atlantic but no correlation in Finland and Iberian Peninsula. Overall, our results emphasize that while linear trends in wind speeds may show a general long‐term trend, more information on the changes is obtained by analysing long‐term variability.
Identifying the Double‐Edged Sword of Stardom: High‐Status and Creativity in the Context of Status Instability
Authors: Karakowsky Len , Kotlyar Igor , Good Jessica 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccording to much of the extant research, the conferral of high‐status serves as an invaluable muse for creativity. That is, the research has suggested that high‐status affords individuals the confidence, freedom, and leeway necessary to bolster creative performance. However, this assertion is premised on the view that status hierarchies are stable and thereby the conferral of high‐status is irrevocable. In reality, ample research evidence has asserted that status hierarchies are often unstable, and hence, high‐status is not immutable. Consequently, there is a need to revisit the capacity of high‐status to bolster creativity under conditions of status instability. Our theoretical paper draws upon the socio‐cultural perspective of creativity, in order to develop a conceptual framework that identifies how status instability can, in fact, impede creative behavior of high‐status individuals. The liability of high‐status can arise via its impact on risk tolerance, perceived autonomy, and intrinsic/extrinsic reward orientation. Our framework also acknowledges how the individual trait of creative self‐efficacy can mitigate the negative impact of status instability. The research propositions we present alongside our framework are intended to guide future research in exploring the role of status in the generation of radical, creative behavior.
Treatment of hindfoot and ankle infections with Ilizarov external fixator or spacer, followed by secondary arthrodesis
Authors: Hartmann Rebecca , Grubhofer Florian , Waibel Felix W. A. , Götschi Tobias , Viehöfer Arnd F. , Wirth Stephan H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn established treatment strategy in surgical site infection after hindfoot and ankle surgery is a two‐stage procedure with debridement and placement of a cement spacer, followed by antibiotic treatment and secondary arthrodesis. However, there is little evidence to favor this treatment over a one‐stage procedure with debridement, followed by primary arthrodesis with an Ilizarov external fixator and antibiotic treatment. We compared the infection control and clinical and radiological outcome of a two‐stage and a one‐stage procedure. In this study, 7 patients with a two‐stage revision and 11 patients with a one‐stage revision between 2005 and 2015 were included. The primary outcome was infection control (absence of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society PJI criteria) 2 years after the ankle or hindfoot arthrodesis. Secondary outcome measures were the AOFAS hindfoot score and radiological consolidation rate. Infection control was 85% (6 out of 7 patients) in the two‐stage group and 81% (9 out of 11 patients) in the one‐stage group (p = 1.0). One patient (14%) of the two‐stage and two patients (18%) in the one‐stage group needed below‐knee amputation. In the two‐stage group, the mean postoperative AOFAS score was 74.8 (SD: ±11.3) versus 71.7 (SD: ±17.8) in the one‐stage group. Radiological consolidation could be achieved in 71% in the spacer group (n = 5) and in 72% in the Ilizarov external fixator group (n = 9). Infection control, AOFAS score, and radiologic consolidation of hindfoot and ankle arthrodesis were comparable in both groups of patients with complicated postsurgical hindfoot or ankle infections.