bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model-independent Estimations for the Cosmic Curvature from the Latest Strong Gravitational Lensing Systems
Authors: Zhou Huan , Li Zhengxiang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Model-independent measurements for the cosmic spatial curvature, which is related to the nature of cosmic spacetime geometry, play an important role in cosmology. On the basis of the distance sum rule in the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric, (distance ratio) measurements of strong gravitational lensing (SGL) systems, together with distances from SNe Ia observations, have been proposed to directly estimate the spatial curvature without any assumptions for the theories of gravity and contents of the universe. However, previous studies indicated that a spatially closed universe was strongly preferred. In this paper, we re-estimate the cosmic curvature with the latest SGL data, which includes 163 well-measured systems. In addition, possible factors, e.g., a combination of SGL data from different surveys and stellar masses of the lens galaxy, which might affect estimations for the spatial curvature, are considered in our analysis. We find that, except for the case where only SGL systems from the Sloan Lens ACS Survey are considered, a spatially flat universe is consistently favored at very high confidence levels by the latest observations. It has been suggested that an increasing number of well-measured strong lensing events might significantly reduce the bias of estimation for the cosmic curvature.
The Orion Protostellar Explosion and Runaway Stars Revisited: Stellar Masses, Disk Retention, and an Outflow from the Becklin–Neugebauer Object
Authors: Bally John , Ginsburg Adam , Forbrich Jan , Vargas-González Jaime 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The proper motions of the three stars ejected from Orion’s OMC1 cloud core are combined with the requirement that their center of mass is gravitationally bound to OMC1 to show that radio source I (Src I) is likely to have a mass around 15 M
⊙ consistent with recent measurements. Src I, the star with the smallest proper motion, is suspected to be either an astronomical-unit-scale binary or a protostellar merger remnant produced by a dynamic interaction ∼550 yr ago. Near-infrared 2.2 μm images spanning ∼21 yr confirm the ∼55 km s−1 motion of “source x” (Src x) away from the site of stellar ejection and point of origin of the explosive OMC1 protostellar outflow. The radial velocities and masses of the Becklin–Neugebauer (BN) object and Src I constrain the radial velocity of Src x to be

km s−1. Several high proper-motion radio sources near BN, including Zapata 11 ([ZRK2004] 11) and a diffuse source near IRc 23, may trace a slow bipolar outflow from BN. The massive disk around Src I is likely the surviving portion of a disk that existed prior to the stellar ejection. Though highly perturbed, shocked, and reoriented by the N-body interaction, enough time has elapsed to allow the disk to relax with its spin axis roughly orthogonal to the proper motion.
Caracterização da produção acadêmica brasileira sobre a sala de aula invertida
Authors: Valério Marcelo , Beleti Junior Carlos Roberto 
Published: February 2020

Com a intenção de mapear e caracterizar a produção acadêmica brasileira sobre a sala de aula invertida, este artigo apresenta os resultados bibliométricos de uma revisão de literatura, considerando as produções em língua portuguesa publicadas na última década no Brasil. Sala de aula invertida é um arranjo didático que consiste em três processos: estudo prévio extraclasse, pelos estudantes; produção e mediação dos conteúdos via tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação, pelos professores e instituições; e encontros presenciais baseados em metodologias ativas. Os promissores resultados de pesquisa e relatos de experiência têm autorizado sua interpretação como tendência educativa. Mas, diferente do que já acontece em outros países, há poucas revisões e sistematizações da produção acadêmica no Brasil, o que impõe o risco de que a adoção e a defesa do modelo estejam baseadas em evidências descontextualizadas. Neste estudo, identificaram-se todos os registros da expressão sala de aula invertida nos títulos de trabalhos acadêmicos produzidos entre 2008 e outubro de 2018, com o uso das ferramentas de pesquisa e alerta do Google Scholar. O mesmo parâmetro foi utilizado no catálogo de teses e dissertações da CAPES. Foram selecionadas 119 produções, e tais, caracterizadas de acordo com seguintes critérios: ano de publicação, tipo de trabalho, fonte, abrangência (do evento) ou qualidade da fonte (Qualis-CAPES), escopo, abordagem metodológica, objetos de estudo, instrumentos de análise, área de conhecimento e nível de ensino. A tabulação dos resultados estabelece um panorama da produção nacional sobre a sala de aula invertida, à disposição dos profissionais e instituições interessadas e sugere caminhos para a pesquisa sobre esse fenômeno educativo no Brasil.
Ensino de ciências e matemática nos anos iniciais: uma análise de teses da área do ensino
Authors: Rigão Alana Rodrigues , Scremin Greice 
Published: February 2020

Diante do desalento educacional premente no atual contexto, este artigo tem como objetivo discutir resultados encontrados em teses produzidas na área do ensino de Ciências e Matemática voltadas para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O estudo se justifica dada a carência de trabalhos voltados para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, tendo em vista a relevância dos conhecimentos específicos dessas áreas para a formação científica e de conceitos matemáticos elementares nos anos escolares iniciais. Foi realizada uma análise de dezoito teses na área de ensino de Ciências e Matemática publicadas entre 2013 a 2017, provenientes de um mapeamento dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática, efetuado no âmbito de um projeto desenvolvido no Programa de Bolsas de Iniciação Científica/UFN, financiado pela FAPERGS. As teses foram analisadas a partir de três categorias definidas a priori: a) conhecimento específico; b) aspectos didáticos; c) perspectivas de formação docente. As teses demonstram uma prevalência de conhecimentos específicos com um fim em si mesmos, com aspetos didáticos procedimentais realizados de modo pontual, sem perspectivas de continuidade. Em relação às produções que foram analisadas, verificou-se que a maioria enfoca um conteúdo específico sem perspectivas de formação docente, o que reforça a necessidade de se investir em estudos a respeito da formação inicial e continuada de professores, sobretudo polivalentes que possuem dificuldades em ministrar disciplinas específicas nas séries iniciais. Essas considerações apontam para a necessidade de se investir em estudos relativos aos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental nas referidas áreas para o aprimoramento da alfabetização científica e matemática nesse nível de ensino. A partir da discussão desses aspectos, fica um alento para sensibilizar estudiosos da área a refletir acerca dos trabalhos que são produzidos em nível stricto sensu os quais deveriam impactar diretamente na educação básica.
Leitura e ensino de ciências nos anos iniciais: análise das pesquisas do ENPEC (1997-2017)
Authors: Sedano Luciana , De Souza Caroline Batista Silva , Vaillant Frédéric André Robert 
Published: February 2020

O presente texto é parte de uma pesquisa e tem por objetivo analisar os trabalhos publicados em todas as edições do Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências (ENPEC), buscando a relação entre leitura e ensino de Ciências para os anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental (EF). Parte do pressuposto de que os anos iniciais do EF compõem uma etapa muito importante da Educação Básica e, como tal, nessa etapa, as práticas alfabetizadoras devem ser oportunizadas e preservadas. A partir desse princípio, amplia-se a ideia de alfabetização na perspectiva do letramento para todas as áreas de conhecimento, não apenas na língua materna, e defende-se, nesse contexto, a importância da Alfabetização Científica. A leitura é vista como uma prática social e sua compreensão pode ser construída com a elaboração do processo de Alfabetização Científica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo bibliográfico. Os dados foram obtidos em consulta aos anais de todas as edições do ENPEC. Após levantamento, os artigos foram lidos, catalogados e analisados. Os descritores utilizados para consulta foram leitura, leitor, leitores, Alfabetização Científica, compreensão leitora e formação do leitor. Constituindo um total de 8.535 trabalhos publicados nas 11 edições do ENPEC, 63 discutiram leitura e ensino de Ciências. Desses, 5 enfocavam os anos iniciais e foram analisados neste artigo. Outros dois trabalhos foram incorporados posteriormente à análise, pois mesmo não se tratando de anos iniciais discutiam leitura e Alfabetização Científica, totalizando 7 trabalhos analisados. Destaca-se o baixo número de trabalhos publicados com a temática leitura e ensino de Ciências em todas as edições do evento e, entre os analisados, pouca correspondência nas relações entre leitura e ensino de Ciências defendidas.
Exister autrement
Authors: Grondin Valérie 
Published: February 2020

Proposer de l’art-thérapie en soins palliatifs, c’est amener le malade à vivre une aventure créative qui le place dans un autre rapport à la vie. Cette « aventure » permet de changer son rapport au temps qui reste, d’un temps subi vers un temps choisi. On observe une modification du rapport à soi, en passant de la personne malade vers la personne en création. Enfin, une transformation du rapport aux soignants et aux proches peut s’esquisser.
Groupes armés et monopolisation de la violence dans l’empire chérifien (années 1900-1920)
Authors: Bessac-Vaure Stève 
Published: February 2020

Au début du 20 siècle, la France et l’Espagne justifient leurs interventions au Maroc par la nécessité de mettre un terme à l’« anarchie » qui régnerait dans l’empire chérifien. Il s’agit alors d’aider ce dernier à (re)prendre le contrôle intégral de son territoire. Or, pour ce faire, les deux puissances coloniales s’appuient, à côté de troupes régulières, sur de nombreux groupes armés qui ne sont pas intégrés à l’armée coloniale. Cet article étudie le processus qui, en parallèle de la conquête territoriale, conduit l’autorité centrale à se réserver le monopole de la violence, en intégrant ou en supprimant ces forces auxiliaires.
La mémoire avant la mémoire ?
Authors: Perego Simon 
Published: February 2020

Entre la Libération et les années 1970, le souvenir de la Shoah n’aurait trouvé qu’un faible écho en France. C’est ce qu’une première historiographie a établi et c’est contre cette idée que François Azouvi a publié un ouvrage important dans lequel il étudie la présence mémorielle précoce du génocide des Juifs dans la société française. La réédition de ce livre offre l’occasion de revenir sur l’un des récents et clivants débats en histoire du temps présent. Il s’agit de présenter et de contextualiser cette controverse mais aussi de souligner les points communs de ces deux lectures afin de dégager des pistes pouvant contribuer au renouvellement de la discussion sur la « première mémoire » de la Shoah.
Que faire des interventions militaires dans le champ académique ?
Authors: Boncourt Thibaud , Debos Marielle , Delori Mathias , Pelopidas Benoît , Wasinski Christophe 
Published: February 2020

Des segments du champ académique sont en partie financés par le ministère des Armées et les industries d’armement. Cette tendance s’accélère actuellement en France, dans un contexte de baisse générale des financements de la recherche. Cet article discute des effets de cette militarisation des financements sur les savoirs produits. L’argument général est que cette dynamique contribue à remettre en cause la frontière entre deux savoirs relevant de projets épistémologiques différents : la recherche en sciences humaines et sociales et l’expertise produite traditionnellement dans les think tanks. Nous développons cet argument à partir de deux cas : la recherche étatsunienne et britannique sur les bombardements dits « stratégiques » et la recherche française sur le nucléaire.
Resnikov prekop
Authors: Velušček Anton 
Published: February 2020

Resnikov prekop pri Igu je dobro poznano arheološko najdišče, ki ga je pred dobrimi štirimi desetletji v večjem obsegu raziskoval prof. Josip Korošec. Leži na območju s pestro geološko in arheološko zgodovino. Naselbina je uvrščena v t. i. savsko skupino in naj bi živela v 46. stoletju pr. Kr. Najkasneje v 1. tisočletju pr. Kr. je čez prazgodovinsko najdišče tekla tekoča voda, ki je odplavila veliko prazgodovinskih kulturnih ostankov.

In the monograph the results of the most recent research of the prehistoric pile-dwelling settlement Resnikov prekop near Ig on the southeastern part of the Ljubljansko barje are presented.
Studies on pile-dwelling inhabitation problems in Opera Instituti Archaeologici Sloveniae

Hočevarica. Eneolitsko kolišče na Ljubljanskem barju / An eneolithic pile dwelling in the Ljubljansko barje
Koliščarska naselbina Stare gmajne in njen čas. Ljubljansko barje v 2. polovici 4. tisočletja pr. Kr. / Stare gmajne Pile-dwelling Settlement and Its Era. The Ljubljansko barje in the 2nd half of the 4th millennium BC
Prevalence of postpartum morbidities in a tertiary care center in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Adamou Natalia , Mohammed Faiza Lawal , Umar Usman Aliyu 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Complications can arise during the postpartum period and if unrecognized can lead to physical discomfort, psychological distress, and a poor quality of life for the mothers. The true burden of postpartum maternal morbidity is still not known. It is estimated to be highest in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective:
This study was aimed at determining the pattern of postpartum morbidities at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and their possible determinants.

Methodology:
It was a cross-sectional study of women admitted into postnatal ward of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, on account of postpartum morbidities from January 1to December 31, 2016. The admission register of antenatal/postnatal ward was retrieved and only women admitted within the postpartum period were included in the study.

Result:
There were 3933 deliveries over the studied period and 141 women were admitted for postpartum morbidities. The most common morbidities were anaemia (35.5%), hypertensive disorders (19.6%), and puerperal sepsis (19.6%). Nearly 70% of the patients were unbooked and had spontaneous vaginal delivery. There was a significant association between postpartum morbidities and booking status, level of educational, and mode of delivery.

Conclusion:
Anaemia, hypertension, and sepsis are the common postpartum morbidities in Kano, north-west Nigeria. Health education on the importance of quality antenatal and intrapartum care will go a long way in reducing these morbidities.
Prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening rates and factors associated with screening in Eastern Canadian men: Findings from cross-sectional survey data
Authors: Tchir Devan , Farag Marwa , Szafron Michael 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test is used in Canada to detect prostate cancer (PCa) despite mixed recommendations. Complications arising from false-positives are common, posing as a cancer-screening concern. This work estimates some Canadian rates of PSA screening and identifies men at increased odds for PSA screening.
Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) from 2009/10 (Atlantic Canada; ATL), 2011/2012 (Ontario; ON), and 2013/2014 (Quebec; QC) were used. Lifetime and recent PSA screening with confidence intervals were constructed to estimate PSA screening in ATL, ON, and QC. Two logistic regression models (for men <50 and ≥50 years of age) were used to determine associations between factors and lifetime PSA screening.
Results: PSA screening rates have increased in most age groups for ATL, ON, and QC since 2000/2001. Factors positively associated with lifetime PSA screening in men of all ages were: having a digital rectal exam, having a regular doctor, and having a colorectal exam. Fruit and vegetables consumption and non-smoking status were positively associated with lifetime PSA screening in men <50 years of age. High income and the presence of chronic health conditions were positively associated with lifetime PSA screening in men ≥50 years of age.
Conclusions: PSA screening rates have generally increased since 2000/2001 in Canada. Physician-related factors play a role in men at all ages, while different factors are associated in men <50 years of age and men ≥50 years of age. Limitations include the generalizability to all of Canada and the potential for recall bias.
The cost of operating room delays in an endourology center
Authors: Maskal Sara , Jain Rajat , Fedrigon III Donald , Rose Emily , Monga Manoj , Sivalingam Sri 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: This study sought to characterize delays and estimate resulting costs during nephrolithiasis surgery.
Methods: Independent observers documented delays during ureteroscopy (URS) and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedures. Fifty index cases over a period of three months was considered sufficient to observe the generalizable trends. Operating room staff, excluding the surgeons, were blinded. Time-related metrics and delays preventing case progression were recorded using a smartphone-accessible data collection instrument. Delays were categorized as: 1) missing equipment; 2) missing personnel; 3) equipment malfunction; or 4) delay due to case complexity. The first two categories were regarded as preventable and the latter two non-preventable.
Results: Forty URS and 18 PCNL cases were included. There was a total of 56 delays in 35 (65%) cases. Twelve (67%) PCNLs and 23 (58%) URSs had delays (p=0.57). The mean cumulative delay per case was 3.5±3.2 minutes. Pre-start delays (n=17) were 4.5±3.5 minutes on average while intraoperative delays (n=39) were 3.1±2.9 minutes (p=0.167). Delays were evenly spread among the four categories. Thirty-one (55%) delays were preventable (mean 3.7±3.2 minutes) while 25 (45%) were non-preventable (mean 3.2±3.2 minutes) (p=0.58). This translates to $137 per case in preventable costs.
Conclusions: Preventable operative delays are encountered frequently in nephrolithiasis surgery, translating to significant additional charges and costs. We demonstrate a rationale for the development of improved communication and workflow protocols to increase efficiency in endourological surgeries. Key limitations are the observational nature of the study and sample size.
Une présence qui dérange
Authors: Desprat Diane 
Published: February 2020

Cet article analyse les différentes barrières que rencontrent les coiffeurs descendants d’immigrés, originaires du Maghreb et de l’Afrique subsaharienne, au cours de leur carrière pour se faire une place dans le métier et les tentatives qu’ils mettent en place pour infléchir cette situation. Il restitue notamment les différentes injonctions corporelles ou langagières exigées par la profession. Pour se rapprocher d’un « idéal caucasien » recherché par les collègues de travail et les employeurs, les coiffeurs sont par exemple sommés de se lisser les cheveux ou de changer de prénom. La figure de la clientèle vient justifier ces exigences de la part des employeurs. Cet article montre également comment, dans une profession constituée majoritairement de femmes, être un homme tend à atténuer cette identité raciale qu’on leur appose. Mais ces tentatives de mise en conformité à cet idéal professionnel ne signifient pas acceptation du racisme. Des formes de résistance à cette traduction du social apparaissent et leur permettent de retrouver une certaine estime de soi.
Association of the CACNA2D2 gene with schizophrenia in Chinese Han population
Authors: Fu Yingli , Zhou Na , Bai Wei , Sun Yaoyao , Chen Xin , Wang Yueying , Zhang Mingyuan , Kou Changgui , Yu Yaqin , Yu Qiong 
Published: February 2020

Background
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severely complex psychiatric disorder in which ~80% can be explained by genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in calcium channel genes are potential genetic risk factors for a spectrum of psychiatric disorders including SCZ. This study evaluated the association between SNPs in the voltage-gated calcium channel auxiliary subunit alpha2delta 2 gene (CACNA2D2) and SCZ in the Han Chinese population of Northeast China.

Methods
A total of 761 SCZ patients and 775 healthy controls were involved in this case-control study. Three SNPs (rs3806706, rs45536634 and rs12496815) of CACNA2D2 were genotyped by the MALDI-TOF-MS technology. Genotype distribution and allele frequency differences between cases and controls were tested by Chi-square (χ2) in males and females respectively using SPSS 24.0 software. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analyses were conducted using Haploview4.2. The false discovery rate correction was utilized to control for Type I error by R3.2.3.

Results
There was a significant difference in allele frequencies (χ2 = 9.545, Padj = 0.006) and genotype distributions (χ2 = 9.275, Padj = 0.006) of rs45536634 between female SCZ patients and female healthy controls after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Minor allele A (OR = 1.871, 95% CI [1.251–2.798]) and genotype GA + AA (OR = 1.931, 95% CI [1.259–2.963]) were associated with an increased risk of SCZ. Subjects with haplotype AG consisting of rs45536634 and rs12496815 alleles had a higher risk of SCZ (OR = 1.91, 95% CI [1.26–2.90]) compared those with other haplotypes.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that CACNA2D2 polymorphisms may influence the susceptibility to SCZ in Han Chinese women.
The History of Modern Ophthalmology in Nigeria: A Synopsis of Institutions, Events and Personalities
Authors: Oderinlo Olufemi , Olubola Hassan Adekunle , Bogunjoko Tayo 
Published: February 2020

Ophthalmology in Nigeria has developed over the decades with contributions from several personalities. Many events and institutions have served to shape the emergence of good care, from the establishment of ECWA Eye hospital in 1943 as one of the premiere indigenous dedicated Eye Hospitals, to the establishment of the National Eye Centre as well as the University College Hospital Ophthalmology department, the specialty of Ophthalmology has grown to enviable heights. The formation of the Ophthalmological Society of Nigeria in 1969 and the establishment of the National Postgraduate College and The West African College of Surgeons equally stand out as landmark events in History.
The Nigerian National Survey of Blindness and Visual Impairment (2005 to 2007) was the biggest ever survey in Africa, no national level estimates existed in Nigeria before the survey. This gigantic task took more than three years to complete including 30 months of rigorous fieldwork and was only possible because of the special efforts of key individuals. The MTN EYE FOUNDATION Eyeris Program (2013 - 2017) also stands out as a landmark surgical intervention scheme involving 12 states in all geopolitical zones in Nigeria. A total of 18,438 free cataract surgeries were performed, 23,528 eyeglasses and 23,226 ocular medications for ocular allergies, glaucoma and ocular infections were also given free to beneficiaries.