bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug-Herb Interaction Between Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators and Estrogenic Herbal Medicine Er-Xian Decoction in Bone in Vivo and in Vitro
Authors: Wong Ka-Ying , Zhou Liping , Yu Wenxuan , Poon Christina Chui Wa , Wong Man-Sau 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Er-Xian decoction (EXD), a traditional Chinese Medicine for managing menopausal syndrome and osteoporosis in China, could exert osteoprotective action via activation of estrogen receptor (ERs) and regulation of serum estradiol without causing severe side effects. However, no fundamental studies have explored its potential interaction in the combined use of prescription drugs, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs), regarding the osteogenic and uterotrophic effects. The present study evaluated the estrogenic effects of EXD and its potential interactions with tamoxifen and raloxifene in bone and uterus using a mature ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model and human osteoblastic MG-63 cells. Methods: Six-month-old female SD rats were randomly assigned to Sham-operated group or seven OVX groups: vehicle, 17ß-estradiol (E2, 1.0 mg/kg.day), Tamoxifen (Tamo, 1.0 mg/kg.day), Raloxifene (Ralo, 3.0 mg/kg.day), EXD (EXD, 1.6 g/kg.day), EXD+Tamoxifen (EXD+Tamo) and EXD+Raloxifene (EXD+Ralo). The effect of EXD on bodyweight, bone mineral density (BMD), bone microarchitecture, biochemical analysis of serum and urine, and uterus were evaluated. In addition, Alkaline phosphatase assay and activation of estrogen-responsive element mediated by EXD and in its combination with SERMs were investigated in MG-63 cells. Results: In vivo, EXD could interact with SERMs to modulate the serum estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, osteocalcin level as well as BMD and bone properties in OVX rats. Moreover, EXD could relieve the uterotrophic effect of SERMs. In vitro, EXD crude extract and EXD-treated serum could promote ALP activity. In particular, EXD-treated serum could interact with SERMs on regulating ALP activity in MG-63 cells. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that EXD in vivo and EXD-treated serum in vitro did not weaken the osteogenic effect of SERMs. Interestingly, EXD seems to ameliorate the uterotrophic effects of SERMs. Therefore, the combined use of EXD and SERMs may be considered safe and effective in managing postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Bilateral Pulmonary Nodules after Surgery for Ameloblastoma: A Case of Misdiagnosis for 32 Years
Authors: Liu Jie , Yang Shudong , yu zhen , Bian Tao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: We describe a rare case of metastatic ameloblastoma in a 68-year-old Chinese woman diagnosed with ameloblastoma of the right mandible in 1974. Case presentation: Despite radical resection, she experienced repeated local recurrences, including asymptomatic bilateral pulmonary nodules, cough, and hemoptysis diagnosed as non-malignant inflammatory cell infiltration. The patient developed an aggravated cough, palpitations, and dyspnea and was admitted to our respiratory department in September 2018. Chest computed tomography revealed multiple bilateral lung nodules, masses, and soft tissue opacities. She was diagnosed with advanced metastatic ameloblastoma in bilateral lungs via bronchoscopic biopsy, with a misdiagnosis time of 32 years. Because her systemic condition was poor, systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy were not recommended. Dyspnea significantly improved after interventional bronchoscopic therapy and tumor electroexcision; she died of respiratory failure 1 year after diagnosis. Conclusions: Clinicians should carefully explore the medical histories of patients with surgical histories of ameloblastoma and subsequent unexplained pulmonary metastatic tumors to avoid misdiagnosis.
Intentional Fallers with Complex Pelvic and Acetabular Fractures Do Not have Worse Radiological and Functional Outcomes than Accidental Fallers
Authors: Yu Yi-Hsun , Chou Ying-Chao , Hsu Yung-Heng , Chen I-Jung , Wei Lien-Chung 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Individuals who fell from heights of >6 m accidentally or intentionally can suffer from complex pelvic and acetabular fractures. The extent to which an intentional fall correlates with prognosis and outcome after osteosynthesis is unclear. We aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of fallers with pelvic and acetabular fractures after osteosynthesis and to compare the radiological and functional outcomes between intentional and accidental fallers.Methods: Between 2014 and 2017, individuals who fell from heights of >6 m, developed pelvic and acetabular fractures, survived after resuscitation, and completed surgical treatments were enrolled. The fallers were divided into the intentional and accidental fallers, and their clinical parameters were statistically evaluated and compared.Results: Forty-nine fallers who underwent osteosynthesis for pelvic and acetabular fractures were included. Sixteen patients were intentional fallers, whereas the rest of the patients fell accidentally. All patients who fell intentionally had pre-existing mental disorders, and the major diagnosis was adjustment disorder. The group with intentional fallers had female sex predominance, higher injury and new injury severity scores, and longer hospital stay. However, the early loss of fixation (less than three month) and functional outcomes (6- and 12-month follow-up) did not significantly differ between the intentional and accidental fallers. Conclusions: The intentional fallers with pelvic and acetabular fractures might be accompanied by more severe injuries compared to accidental fallers. However, the radiological and functional outcomes of the intentional fallers after osteosynthesis were not inferior to those of the accidental fallers.
Recessive LOXHD1 Variants Cause a Milder Prelingual Hearing Loss: Genotype-Phenotype Correlation and Three Additional Patients With Novel Variants
Authors: Yu Sha , Chen Wen-xia , Zhang Yun-Fei , Chen Chao , Ni Yihua , Duan Bo , Wang Huijun , Xu Zheng-min 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBiallelic mutations in LOXHD1 have been identified as the cause of DFNB77 (deafness, autosomal recessive 77). It is a novel, progressive, severe-profound, and late-onset non-syndromic hearing loss, and is genetically and phenotypically highly heterogeneous. This study aimed to provide an additional three cases of DFNB77 to analyze this complex disease.MethodsWe presented three cases of pediatric patients with prelingual milder form of the DFNB77 with residual hearing at low frequencies. Trio whole-exome sequencing (WES) was conducted to identify the pathogenic variants. Additionally, we reviewed the literature to further analyze the relationships between the genotype and audiology phenotype of LOXHD1 worldwide.ResultsSix novel possible pathogenic LOXHD1 variants in three patients were identified by WES, including three missense, one nonsense, and two splicing variants. The literature review showed that 68.5% of DFNB77 patient onset before five years old; Most variants (60%) were associated with a milder phenotype, particularly variants in the protein domain of PLAT 7 and PLAT 9. We found that compared with homozygous LOXHD1 variants, individuals with heterozygous compound variants had a significantly milder phenotype, especially individuals carrying one missense and one splicing or bi-allelic missense variants (P <0.05). Audiometric analysis at different ages showed that the hearing loss degree was aggravated at all frequencies in adulthood and more severe in elderhood.Conclusions﻿We report three children with hearing loss carrying six novel LOXHD1 variants identified by WES. Furthermore, our work indicates that DFNB77 may be milder than previously reported, and recommends considering the genotype combination and mutation location of LOXHD1 and race-specificity in DFNB77 molecular diagnoses and management.
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Mesocotyl Length of Rice Seedling in Different Sowing Depths using Genome-Wide Association Study
Authors: Yang Chuanhang , Wang Hao , Tang Xiaojuan , Guo Qing , Li Youhui , Liu Yi , Li Xiuxiu , Qin Peng , Tu Bin , Chen Weilan , Yuan Hua , Ma Bingtian , Liang Chengzhi , Li Shigui , Wang Yuping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The mesocotyl length of rice seedling is a complex trait associated with the ability of seedling emerging and controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a high-through QTLs mapping method and widely used to identify QTLs in the field of plant genetics.Results: A series of rice accessions including 290 varieties from all over the world, which harbored widely genetic background, were finished whole genome re-sequencing and investigated the mesocotyl length of rice seedlings in three different sowing depths (0cm, 4cm and 6cm). The analysis of coefficient of variation (CV) showed that the rice mesocotyl length variability in the three different treatments with 0cm, 4cm and 6cm sand culture are 114.43%, 146.65% and 152.55%, respectively. The mesocotyl length of the three groups are positively correlated with each other, indicating that the variation trend is consistent despite the differences in experimental treatment conditions, which led to the different performances of the mesocotyl lengths of the same accession. After GWAS, we found There are 922 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) makers associated with rice seedling mesocotyl length across 20 QTL regions and covered 1246 genes.Conclusions: In this study, we found that there are 922 SNP makers associated with rice seedling mesocotyl length across 20 QTL regions and covered 1246 genes. And we detected 23 candidate genes which maybe have effect to the mesocotyl length of rice seedling at different sowing depths
Development of a remote online collaborative medical school pathology curriculum with clinical correlations, across several international sites, through the covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Guiter Gerardo , Sapia Sandra , Wright Alexander , Hutchins Gordon , Arayssi Thurayya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
﻿Introduction: Due to the Covid-19 social distancing restrictions, in March 2020, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar decided to replace students’ clinical instruction with novel online electives. Hence, we implemented an innovative online and remote pathology curriculum, anchored on virtual microscopy and Zoom videoconferencing: ideal tools to support online teaching. Objective: To assess a new curriculum implementation at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar.Materials and Methods: This for-credit, 2-week elective included 6 synchronous Zoom sessions where complex clinicopathological cases were discussed in small groups. We used open access digital microscopy slides from the University of Leeds’ Virtual Pathology Library (http://www.virtualpathology.leeds.ac.uk/slides/library/). Students independently prepared for these sessions by reviewing cases, slides, readings, and questions in advance (asynchronous self-directed learning anchored on a flipped classroom model), and wrote a final review of a case. An assessment and feedback were given to each student.Results: Four elective iterations were offered to a total of 29 students, with learners and faculty spread over 4 countries. During the Zoom sessions, students controlled the digital slides and offered their own diagnoses, followed by group discussions to strengthen autonomy and confidence. We surveyed learners about the elective’s performance (program evaluation). Students conveyed high levels of satisfaction about the elective’s overall quality, their pathology learning and online interactions, with minimal challenges related to the remote nature of the course.Discussion and conclusions: Technological innovations mitigate sudden disruptions in medical education. A remote curriculum allows instruction at any distance, at any time, from anywhere, enhancing educational exchanges, flexibility and globalization in medical education.
Exploring Immune Infiltration and Biomarkers of Ollier Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Wang Yuanlin , Li Bing , Jia Yiming , Liu Xiaolong , Cao Peihong , Liu Jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOllier disease (OD) is a kind of rare and non-hereditary orthopaedics disease. The malignancy transformation towards chondrosarcoma can cause catastrophic consequences. Our study aimed to reveal the potential molecule mechanism and hub genes involving in Ollier chondrosarcomas. The raw data GSE30835 was acquired from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Ollier chondrosarcoma and healthy groups were identified. After Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of DEGs, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, hub genes and significant modules were selected. CIBERSORT analysis was also carried out.ResultsTogether, 226 DEGs were identified, which contained 79 downregulated and 147 up-regulated. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM) structural constituent, MHC class II antigen-related mechanism and phagosome pathway. Two significant modules were related to chondrocyte development, MHC class II antigen processing and presentation. COL3A1, VCAN, COL11A1, THBS1, ITGB1, CCL2, CCND1 were viewed as hub genes. CIBERSORT analysis shows that naive B cells and M0 macrophages are of statistical significance. ConclusionOur study suggests that COL3A1, COL11A1, VCAN, ITGB1, THBS1, CCL2, CCND1 may be viewed as promising candidate biomarkers of Ollier chondrosarcoma. We also advanced that MHC class II antigen-related immune mechanism should be paid attention in the further experiment. Naive B cells and M0 macrophages might be related to immune mechanism.
Quality of Life of Sign Language Interpreters: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Lisboa Leandro Vieira , Nunes Sara Ribeiro , Chaveiro Neuma , Rodríguez-Martín Dolors 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroudThe sign language interpreter is a professional who has the ability to be the communication link between users of two languages (oral and sign). Due to the physical and mental demand in the performance of this profession, health studies that includes sign language interpreters are necessary, such as health related Quality of Life (QoL).MethodsThe study will be conducted by two independent reviewers following the rules of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA), a search will be carried out in the main databases: LILACS; SciELO; ScienceDirect; Scopus Elsevier; PubMED; Web of Science for the selection of articles published until 2020. There will be no language or locale limitations. The assessment of methodological quality will be carried out using instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute (IJB).DiscussionThis systematic review aims to analyze the QoL of sign language interpreters from a systematic review.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, CRD42020181573.
Allometric Equations for Aboveground Biomass Estimations of Four Dry Afromontane Tree Species
Authors: Gebeyehu Getaneh , Soromessa Teshome , Bekele Tesfaye , Teketay Demel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Tree species based developing allometric equations are important because they contain the largest proportion of total biomass and carbon stocks of forests. Studies on developing and validating the species-specific allometric models (SSAM) remain insufficient that may result to biomass estimation errors in the forests. The purpose of this study is to determine the wood density of four tree species and develop and validate the accuracy of allometry for biomass estimations. A total of 103 sample trees representing four species were harvested semi-destructively. The species specific allometric equations (SSAM) were developed using aboveground biomass (AGB in kg) as dependent variable, and three of the predictor’s variables: diameter at beast height (DBH in cm), height (H in m) and wood density (WD in g cm-3). The relation between dependent and independent variables were tested using multiple correlations (R2). The model selection and validation was based on statistical significance of model parameter estimates, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), adjusted coefficient of determination (R2), residual standard error (RSE) and mean relative error (MRE). Results: The results showed that the AGB correlated significantly with diameter at breast height (R2 > 0.944, P < 0.001), and tree height (R2 > 0.742, P <0.001). The species-specific allometric models, which include DBH, H and WD predicted AGB with high-model fit (R2 > 93.6%, P < 0.001). These models for biomass estimations produced small MRE (1.50–3.40%) and AIC (-7.04 –12.84) compared to a single predictor (MRE:-0.4 – 20.1%; AIC: -7.25 – 35.29). The SSAM also predicted AGB against predictors with high-model fit (R2 > 93.6%, P < 0.001) and small MRE: 1.50 – 3.40% compared to existing general allometric models (MRE: - 31.3 – 11.31%). Conclusions: The research confirmed that the inclusion of DBH, H, and WD in the SSAM predicted AGB with small bias than a single or two predictors. The wood density values of those studied species can be used as the references for biomass estimations using general allometric equations. The study contributes to species-specific allometric models for understanding the total biomass estimation of species. Therefore, the application of species-specific allometric models should be considered in biomass estimations of forests.
The Synergistic Anti-tumor Effect of Iodine-125 Low-dose-rate Brachytherapy and Anti-PD-1 Therapy on Lung Cancer in Mice
Authors: Cao Yiyi , Li Wenbo , Li Jia , Weng Yu , Chen Chang , Wang ZhengJie , Pang Hua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy (RT) when combined with anti-PD-1 therapy has a significant effect, but RT fractionation and dose impact the effects of this combined therapy. Iodine-125 particle implantation (125I RPI) is a hyperfractionated low-dose-rate brachytherapy. Its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment and the efficacy of 125I RPI combined with anti-PD-1 therapy are unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of 125I RPI combined with anti-PD-1 therapy and their impact on tumor immunity. Methods: A Lewis lung cancer (LLC) mouse model was established and radioactive iodine-125 particles were implanted into the tumors. Tumor tissues were obtained six and 12 days after particle implantation, and the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 was detected by flow cytometry. On day 0, LLC cells were injected subcutaneously into the right hindlimb (primary tumor) and left flank (secondary tumor) of mice. On day 10, the mice were randomly divided into PBS, α-PD-1, 125I RPI, and α-PD-1+125I RPI groups. On day 22, tumor tissues were extracted from the mice. The proportion of immune cell subsets in the tumor immune microenvironment was detected by flow cytometry, and the primary and secondary tumor volumes were monitored. Results: After 125I RPI, the expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells was upregulated (P < 0.0001), and the proportion of CD8+ PD-1+ T cells also increased (P = 0.0001). 125I RPI combined with anti-PD-1 therapy synergistically inhibited primary (P = 0.0139) and secondary (P = 0.0494) tumor growth. The flow cytometry results showed that the combination therapy could increase the proportion of CD8+ T cells (P = 0.0055) and decrease the proportion of T regulatory cells (P < 0.0227) in the tumor microenvironment. Survival analysis shows that the sequence of 125I RPI and α-PD-1 affects efficacy, and early initiation of 125I RPI is more beneficial. Conclusion: 125I RPI combined with anti-PD-1 therapy can significantly inhibit tumor growth and activate anti-tumor immunity, which present a promising approach for the treatment of cancer.
WITHDRAWN: Temperature-influenced Substitution of Si in Ti3(Si,Al)C2&nbsp; Solid Solution
Authors: JI Jun , YANG Zirun , ZHANG Zhenyu , LI Dechun , Wang Zhi , ZHANG Liu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
High-pure Ti3(Si,Al)C2 solid solutions were synthesized in the range of 1473 to 1773K. The microstructures and chemical compositions of all samples were characterized by X-rays diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was worthy noted that experimentally determined lattice parameter c of Ti3(Si,Al)C2 crystal decreased with the increasing of sintering temperature. The contents of Si and Al elements in solid solution were conducted by Vegard’s Law. Gibbs energy differences (△G) of substitution behaviors of Si at different temperatures were also listed. With the increase of temperature, △G of Eq. Ti3(Si0.75Al0.25)C2+0.25Si→Ti3SiC2+0.25Al were negative and decreased gradually, which means that the transformation from Ti3(Si,Al)C2 to Ti3SiC2 was spontaneous and had a greater tendency in higher temperatures. By analyzing the experiment data, a possible mechanism of the substitution process of Si in various temperatures was determined.
Delayed positive association between air temperature and covid-19 incidence in Italy
Authors: Fong Fang Chyi , Goodson Michaela Louise , Smith Daniel Robert 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The association between air temperature and covid-19 incidence is unclear, particularly regarding lag effects. Here we address this research gap using high resolution data from Italy. We obtained daily covid-19 cases, populations at risk, and mean daily air temperature from 97 Italian cities for the period 24 February through 21 September 2020. We fitted a mixed-effects distributed lag non-linear model, presenting the effects as relative risks (RR) and cumulative relative risks (RRcum).Negative increments in mean daily temperature produced approximately inverted U- shaped lag-responses, though for large positive increments in temperature, the peak RR occurred at the maximal lag of 14 days. The temperature exposure response curves generally showed an increased RR with increasing temperature, though the shape varied according to the lag period. Positive and negative increments in temperature caused increases and decreases in the RRcum respectively, though the plateau effect for negative increments was not observed above small positive increments in temperature.We postulate that latent variables correlated with temperature, such as frequency and duration of social activities, are the underlying cause of our observed trends. Nonetheless, our statistical model can be utilised to forecast cumulative covid-19 incidence rates assuming specified air temperature increments at the city level.