bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of stunting, underweight and wasting among children aged 6-23 months in Dalit and Non-Dalit: A cross sectional comparative study of Dhanusha district, Nepal
Authors: Sah Anil Kumar , Paudel Rajan , Devkota Madhu Dixit , Sigdel Ramesh 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Nutrition asserts to be a fundamental for child growth and development. Undernutrition increases the risk of child morbidity and mortality becomes a major public health challenges in developing countries. The aim of study was to assess prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight among children aged 6-23 months in Dalit and Non-Dalit and associated factors.Method A cross sectional comparative study was conducted among mothers with their children aged 6-23months in Dhanusha district. Overall, 599 respondents were taken through multistage simple random sampling of which 300 from Non-Dalit and 299 from Dalit. Anthropometry measurement and interview were used for data collection technique and structure questionnaire was applied as a tool. Using Statistical Package for the Social Science, descriptive and inferential analysis were done.Results Prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting were 49.9%, 34.8% and 13.4% in Dalit and 39.0%, 25.0% and 8.7% in Non-Dalit respectively. Stunting was significantly associated with family type (AOR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.11-3.34) among Dalit while age of child (AOR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.10-0.57), ante natal care visit (AOR=3.20, 95% CI: 1.15-8.90) and media exposure (AOR=3.10, 95% CI: 1.11-8.64 in Non-Dalit. The underweight were significantly associated with age of child(AOR=0.50; 95% of CI: 0.27-0.93), knowledge on child feeding (AOR=2.00; 95% of CI: 1.13-3.54) and media exposure (AOR=1.78; 95% of CI: 1.01-3.14) in Dalit while media exposure (AOR=2.45; 95% of CI: 1.23-4.89) and duration of food sufficiency (AOR=2.51; 95% of CI: 1.10-5.71) in Non-Dalit. The wasting were significantly associated with minimum meal frequency (AOR=2.48; 95% of CI: 1.04-5.93) in Dalit while birth interval (AOR=0.27; 95% of CI: 0.08-0.92) in Non-Dalit.Conclusion Prevalence of undernutrition got high in both groups. Family type in Dalit and age of child, knowledge on child feeding and media exposure in Non-Dalit were key factors of stunting. Age of child, knowledge on child feeding and media exposure in Dalit while media exposure and duration of food sufficiency were important factors of underweight. Minimum meal frequency in Dalit whereas birth interval in Non-Dalit were the major factors of wasting. Community based nutrition education, food security and health service utilization programme should help in reduction of undernutrition.
Comparison of Bacterial Communities in Soil Samples with and without Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex
Authors: Zhang Ying , Hu Anna , Zhou Jianuan , Zhang Wenfei , Li Peng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRalstonia solanacearum is one of the most notorious soil-born phytopathogen that causes a severe wilt disease with deadly effects on many economically important crops. The microbial community structure and interactions are commonly changed between bacterial wilt susceptible soil and healthy soil. Here, the bacterial community structure, correlation analysis with soil chemical properties, interaction network of healthy soil (HS, nearly no disease happened at recent three years) and diseased soil (DS, suffered heavy bacterial wilt disease) were analyzed.ResultsCompared to DS, a higher bacterial community diversity index was found in HS, and the relative abundance of main genera Bacillus, Gaiellales, Roseiflexus, Gemmatimonadaceae, Nocardioides and Anaerolineacear reached significant level. Redundancy analysis on genus level indicated that rapid available phosphate played key role on bacterial community distribution difference, and showed negative correlation with the other four chemical properties. Interaction network analysis further demonstrated that the higher genus community diversity and more extensive interactions were existed in HS network and formed stable network, and the genera Mycobacterium, Cyanobacteria and Rhodobiaceae should be the key components that sustain the network stably. Seven clusters of orthologous groups reached significant level difference between HS and DS. Moreover, 55 bacterial strains with distinct antagonistic activities to R. solancearum were isolated and identified. ConclusionsIn summary, our findings indicate that the bacterial diversity and interaction network changed between the HS and DS samples, which are also provide a good research basis for future biological control to the bacterial wilt.
Diagnostic Performance of APRI and FIB-4 for Confirming Cirrhosis in Indonesian HIV/HCV Co-infected Patients
Authors: Yunihastuti Evy , Wicaksana Bramantya , Wiraguna Adrian , Hidayah Ainum Jhariah , Amelia Fhadilla , Natali Veritea , Widhani Alvina , Sulaiman Andri Sanityoso , Kurniawan Juferdy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAfter successful of antiretroviral therapy, highly effective direct acting antiviral (DAA) make HCV elimination reasonable in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. However, in achieving this target, there are still barriers to start DAA treatment, particularly in the area of liver fibrosis assessment that determine the duration of therapy. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of APRI and FIB-4 for diagnosing cirrhosis in HIV/HCV co-infected patients using hepatic transient elastography (TE) as gold standard.MethodThis is an retrospective study on HIV/HCV co-infected patients who concomitantly performed hepatic TE measurement, APRI, and FIB-4 evaluation before HCV treatment initiation at a tertiary hospital in Jakarta from 2014 to 2019. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of indirect biomarkers for liver stiffness measurement (LSM) ≥ 12.5 kPa was determined by receiver operator characteristics curves. Results233 HIV/HCV co-infected patients on stable antiretroviral therapy were included, of whom 91.5% were male with mean age of 37 (SD 5) years. Only 28.7% of patients were classified as cirrhosis (F4). Using TE as gold standard (≥12.5 kPa), the low threshold of APRI (1) had specificity 95%, sensitivity 48.4%, correctly classified 81.6% of patients, with moderate performance, AUROC at 0.72 (95% CI 0.63-0.80). The optimal cut-off of FIB-4 was 1.66 [specificity 92.5%, sensitivity 53.1%, AUROC at 0.73 (95% CI 0.65-0.81)] and correctly classified 81.1% of the patients.ConclusionAPRI score > 1 and FIB-4 score > 1.66 had moderate performance with high specificity in diagnosing cirrhosis. These biochemical markers could be used while TE is not available.
The effect of different estradiol levels on carotid artery distensibility during a long agonist IVF protocol
Authors: Leppänen Jonna , Randell Kaisa , Schwab Ursula , Pihlajamäki Jussi , Keski-Nisula Leea , Laitinen Tomi , Heinonen Seppo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND:This study was made to figure out, does low and high estradiol levels during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles have a different effect on carotid artery distensibility (Cdis), carotid artery diameter (Cdia), blood pressure and metabolic factors? Can the stimulation protocol be considered safe to women’s vasculature? METHODS: We studied 28 women having a long agonist protocol IVF-treatment in Kuopio University Hospital during the years 2011-2016. Patients were examined at three time points: in the beginning of their own period (low estradiol), during the gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue downregulation (low estradiol) and during the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation (high estradiol). Women served as their own controls and their menstrual phase (2- to 5-day period after the beginning of menstruation with low estrogen) was used as the reference. Cdis and Cdia were assessed using ultrasound. Blood pressure, weight, estradiol levels and lipids were monitored. RESULTS : Cdis, Cdia, systolic and diastolic blood pressures peaked during the GnRH-analogue treatment with the lowest estradiol levels. Cdis, Cdia and systolic blood pressures declined by 11% (P=0.002) , 3,8% (P<0.001) and 2,5 % (P=0.026) during the FSH-stimulation when the estradiol levels were high. Cdis correlated significantly (P<0.05) with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and triglycerides in high estrogenic environment and with diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05) when estrogen profiles were low. CONCLUSIONS: Carotid artery stiffens during the high estradiol levels compared to low levels and this was not explained by the higher diameter of the carotid artery, hyperlipidemia or blood pressure profiles. All the changes in Cdis and Cdia are variations of normal, and if there is no history of cardiovascular problems, it can be considered, that the stimulation protocol is not hazardous to vasculature.
The toxicity of lithium to human cardiomyocytes
Authors: Shen Junwei , Li Xin , Shi Xiujuan , Wang Wei , Zhou Hua , Wu Jiawen , Wang Xin , Li Jue 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Lithium is widely used in the electronic consumer market and electric vehicles and has a great contribution in the world economy, resulting in large quantities of lithium waste in the environment. Yangtze River basin is one of the most developed areas in China. However, the environment influence of lithium in the Yangtze River basin and its roles in cardiomyocytes has not yet been clarified.Results: Here we found that the concentration of lithium in the water environment is very high in Shanghai, as well as in tap water, which might be cause by the pollution of lithium batteries. Lithium inhibits not only cell viability of human cardiomyocytes, but also cell proliferation. Moreover, lithium promotes cell apoptosis of cardiomyocytes significantly. And we found that lithium controls cardiomyocytes' functions through regulating Gsk3β signaling.Conclusions: This study reveals that the water environment of Shanghai might be polluted by the lithium batteries; and the enrichment of lithium may cause damage to human cardiomyocytes; and it is imperative to detect lithium concentration in the water environments (such as tap water and irrigation water) and effectively recycle lithium batteries in the future.
Does Mindfulness Reduce Maternal Stress and Promote Mother-Infant Bonding in NICU?
Authors: Khoramirad Ashraf , Ansarishahidi Mojtaba , Jamaloei Hasan Rezaei , Moghadam Parvaneh Sadeghi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose Having an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) is highly stressful and it implicated in mother infant bonding. This study investigated the relationship between mothers’ dispositional mindfulness and level of stress and quality of bonding.Methods Self-report measures of Dispositional Mindfulness, Parental Stressor Scale, and the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire were administered to 120 mothers with newborns admitted in the NICUs in three hospitals in Qom city in Iran. The data analysis was carried out by using a hierarchical multiple regression.Results Mean score of stress, bonding and mindfulness were 114.29±27.33, 67.77±5.38, and 126.27±22.39 respectively. There was a significant inverse relationship between total mindfulness score and mother’s parental stress. Also, high scores of stress were associated with greater impairment in bonding. Observing and acting with awareness led to better mother to infant bonding.Conclusions Improvements in mindfulness could help mothers to reduce stress and better bonding whit their infants.
Mining hub genes correlated with immune infiltrating level across multiple tumors microenvironment
Authors: Zhao Ning , Wu Liang , Zhou Zili , Zhang Xudan , Han Shengbo , Bao Haijun , Shu Xiaogang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Previous studies revealed that cancer-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in an independent cancer type are rarely related to the tumorigenesis and metastasis, while the common DEGs across multiple types of cancer may be proved as potential oncogenes or tumor suppressors and extend our understanding. Although tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) have been reported to be associated with prognosis in multiple types of cancer, the hub genes regulating immune cells function in different cancer types remain unclear.Methods To screen for the hub genes regulating immune infiltrating level across multiple tumors microenvironment, the raw data containing RNA sequencing and clinical information from TCGA database and immune scores from ESTIMATE website across 25 cancer types were obtained.Results Based on the immune scores, all cases were categorized into high-score and low-score groups. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated that a strong correlation was found in six cancer types. The functional enrichment analysis of common DEGs revealed that infection and immune response are the most prominent biological characteristics. Subsequently, the twelve common DEGs with prognostic value were identified as candidate hub genes and were adopted to construct the PPI network. Because of highly interconnected with other hub genes, protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 6 (PTPN6) was selected as the real hub gene across the six immune-specific tumors.Conclusion Due to the significant correlation between PTPN6 with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in multiple cancers, PTPN6 may well play a vital role in regulating immune response for tumor development.
Molecular radiosensitization of soft tissue sarcoma by oncolytic virus-mediated MCL1 ablation
Authors: Omori Toshinori , Tazawa Hiroshi , Yamakawa Yasuaki , Osaki Shuhei , Hasei Joe , Sugiu Kazuhisa , Komatsubara Tadashi , Fujiwara Tomohiro , Yoshida Aki , Kunisada Toshiyuki , Urata Yasuo , Kagawa Shunsuke , Ozaki Toshifumi , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a rare cancer that develops from soft tissues in any part of the body. Despite major advances in the treatment of STS, patients are often refractory to conventional radiotherapy, leading to poor prognosis. Enhancement of sensitivity to radiotherapy would therefore improve the clinical outcome of STS patients. We recently revealed that the tumor-specific, replication-competent oncolytic adenovirus OBP-301 kills human sarcoma cells. In this study, we investigated the radiosensitizing effect of OBP-301 in human STS cells. Methods: The in vitro antitumor effect of OBP-301 and ionizing radiation in monotherapy or combination therapy was assessed using radiosensitive (RD-ES and SK-ES-1) and radioresistant (HT1080 and NMS-2) STS cell lines. The expression of markers for apoptosis and DNA damage were evaluated in STS cells after treatment. The therapeutic potential of combination therapy was further analyzed using SK-ES-1 and HT1080 cells in subcutaneous xenograft tumor models. Results: The combination of OBP-301 and ionizing radiation showed a synergistic antitumor effect in all human STS cell lines tested, including those that were radioresistant. OBP-301 was found to enhance irradiation-induced apoptosis and DNA damage via suppression of anti-apoptotic myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1), which was expressed at higher levels in radioresistant cell lines. The combination of OBP-301 and ionizing radiation showed a more profound antitumor effect compared to monotherapy in SK-ES-1 (radiosensitive) and HT1080 (radioresistant) subcutaneous xenograft tumors. Conclusions: OBP-301 is a promising antitumor reagent to improve the therapeutic potential of radiotherapy by suppressing MCL1 expression in STS.
The Role of Communication Skills in the Promotion of Human Resource productivity in Iran: A cross-sectional Study
Authors: Pouragha Behrooz , Keshtkar Mahnaz , Adolahi mahdieh , Sheikhbardsiri Hojjat 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction Organization survival is dependent on communications and managers spend a main portion of their time to establish communications. The identification, improvement and development of communication skills serve as the essential components of successful organizations. The present study aimed to investigate the role of communication skills in human resource productivity in north Iran.Method The study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted in six deputies supervised by the Alborz University of Medical Sciences, in 2019. The statistical population included all 302 employees were selected as the sample population according to Cochran's formula. Using two researcher-made questionnaires of communication skills and human resource productivity, we assessed the role of communication skills in human resource productivity. Data were analyzed by implementing descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation (SD), and analytical statistics such as Kolmogorov‐Smirnov, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, T-test and multivariate regression tests using SPSS 21 and P ≤ 0.05.Results According to research findings, there were significant relationships between communication skills including verbal skills, listening skills and effectiveness skills with human resource productivity P ≤ 0.05. There was a significant relationship between age group, gender, level of education and travel home-university distance with communication skills and resource productivity of employees P ≤ 0.05.Conclusion This study examines the role of communication skills in the promotion of human resource productivity who work in the administrative section of the University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Findings suggest that health planners and authorities may need to examine factors that contribute to the promotion of the communication skills for increase human resource productivity of employees and improved performance of health organizations.
MicroRNA expression profiling involved in Borax-induced anti-tumor effect using gene-chip analysis
Authors: Wu Lun , Wei Ying , Zhou Wen-Bo , Zhou Jiao , Yang Li-Hua , Chen Qin-Hua , Wang Wei , Ye Lin , Yao Li Chao , Zhang You-Shun , Tang Zhi-Gang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Borax, a boron compound, which is becoming widely recognized for its biological effects, including antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and potential therapeutic benefits. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying borax-induced anti-tumor effect still remain to be to further elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may play key roles in cellular processes including tumor progression, cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity. Thus, this study aimed to investigate, whether miRNAs were involved in the borax-mediated anti-tumor effect using miRNA profiling of a human liver cancer cell line (HepG2) using gene-chip analysis.Methods Total RNA was extracted and purified from HepG2 cells that were treated with 4 mM borax for either 2 or 24 h. The samples underwent microarray analysis using an Agilent Human miRNA Array. Differentially expressed miRNAs were analysed by volcano plot and heatmap, and were validated using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR).ResultsAmong this, 2- or 24-h exposure to borax significantly altered the expression level of miRNAs in HepG2 cells, 4 or 14 were upregulated and 3 were downregulated compared with the control group, respectively (≥2-fold; P<0.05). GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs in HepG2 cells predominantly participated in MAPK signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, etc; in 2-h borax treatment group, while Ras signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, Cellular senescence, etc; involved in 24-h treatment group.Conclusions Result indicates that borax-induced anti-tumor effect may be associated with alterations in miRNAs.
ASIT – A SOLUTION IN ALLERGY TREATMENT
Authors: TSAREV S. V. 
Published: January 2020

This article discusses the place and role of an allergen-specific immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic diseases. It provides an action mechanism, indications for use, contraindications, and side effects of an allergen-specific immunotherapy. A comparison of different methodologies for an allergen-specific immunotherapy was made. The advantages of sublingual allergen-specificimmunotherapy in paediatric practice were demonstrated. Provides data on the efficiency and safety of pollinosis sublingual immunotherapy with sensitization to grass
RECURRENT RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN: CAUSES, MODERN DIAGNOSTICS, EFFECTIVE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE
Authors: VELIKORETSKAYA M. D. 
Published: January 2020

Children are at risk of recurrent respiratory infections compared to other age groups. Recurrence of respiratory infections can lead to the formation of chronic foci of inflammation, persistence of viruses, disruption of physical and psychomotor development. That often leads to inappropriate prescription of antibiotics for the treatment of ARI and the formation of antibiotic resistance, sensitization and failure to prevent complications. The situation demands searching for alternative strategies for the treatment of recurrent ARIs. The limiting factor in the use of vaccines is the presence of hundreds of different viral serotypes, thus making it impossible to create a vaccine against each individual pathogen. Therefore, the crucial role in the prevention of recurrent ARI belongs to bacterial lysates which improve nonspecific immunity
DIFFICULTIES OF DIAGNOSTICS OF HOHZHKIN LYMPHOMA ASSOCIATED WITH EPUSHTEIN-BARR VIRUS
Authors: CHERNOVA T. M. , YAKOVLEVA T. B. 
Published: January 2020

the function of recognizing EBV-infected cells is lost, conditions are created for their unlimited proliferation with the possibility of forming benign and malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, epithelial and mesenchymal origin. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is extremely rare in children younger than 5 years old. A feature of the presented case of EBV-associated Hodgkin’s lymphoma is an earlymanifestation of the disease on the background of the absence of classic markers of EBV-infection. Verification of the diagnosis was possible only on the basis of immunohistochemical research.
EXTERNAL DERMATOLOGICAL SKIN CARE PRODUCTS FOR INFANTS
Authors: KOTLUKOV V. K. , KAZYUKOVA T. B. , ANTIPOVA N. V. 
Published: January 2020

The article tells about the anatomical and physiological specifics of the skin of infants and the use of dermatological products for gentle care for sensitive skin. Preclinical and clinical findings on the use of a skin care series are demonstrated
ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS OF VIRAL ETIOLOGY IN CHILDREN: PROSPECTS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY
Authors: USENKO D. V. , GORELOVA E. A. 
Published: January 2020

Acute intestinal infections of viral etiology are among the most common groups of infectious diseases in childhood. The wide prevalence, instable immunity, high incidence of mixed infections result in a sustainably high incidence rate; this, in combination with a significant proportion of moderate to severe forms, is a heavy burden for the national health care. The article provides key data on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical pattern and treatment of the group of diseases