bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phyto-chlorophyllin Prevents Food Additive Induced Genotoxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction via Cytochrome c Mediated Pathway in Mice Model
Authors: Samadder Asmita , Dey Sudatta , Sow Priyanka , Das Ruchira , Nandi Sisir , Das Jayeeta , Bhattacharjee Banani , Chakrovorty Arnob , Biswas Maharaj , Guptaroy Pradeepta 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
The issue of food-additive-toxicity causing several health hazards needs to
be therapeutically managed with an immediate effect. Alloxan, a food additive, is used for
whitening and shining flour. It is capable of inducing genotoxicity, diabetes, and associated
mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, to explore a non-toxic, phyto-based compound that can
delay the onset of diabetes and prevent the multitude of damage associated, Chlorophyllin (CHL)
was selected for our study, having been reported to exhibit anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, and antiinflammatory
responses. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the protective
role of CHL in controlling genotoxicity, glucose imbalance, and associated cytochrome c mediated
mitochondrial signaling dysfunction against food-additive-induced genotoxicity, diabetic state, and
its complexities in mice model in vivo.

Methods:
Mice were pre-treated with CHL through oral gavage before they were exposed to
alloxan. Diabetic markers, anti-oxidant enzyme profile, chromosomal study, mitochondrial
functioning factors, and expression of proteins were checked against food-additive injected
mice.

Results:
The results revealed that CHL pre-treatment could delay the onset of diabetes,
restrict alloxan-induced elevation of blood glucose, reduce DNA-damage and chromosomal
aberration, optimize enzymatic profile (glucokinase, pyruvate, insulin), and modulates protein
expression (insulin, IRS1, IRS2, GLUT2). Further, CHL-pre-treatment could stabilize
mitochondrial-membrane-potential, intracellular calcium ion, ATP/ADP ratio, ATPase
activity, thereby maintaining optimum functioning of cytochrome-c, bcl2, and caspase3
mitochondrial protein.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the present study reports, for the first time, the screening of phytobased
bioactive CHL for preventing/limiting the extent of food-additive-induced genotoxicity
and mitochondrial dysfunction and serves as an advanced therapeutic tool in the management
of diabetes.
TGF-β1-based CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Therapy Attenuates Radiation-induced
Lung Injury
Authors: Zhen Shuai , Qiang Rong , Lu Jiaojiao , Tuo Xiaoqian , Yang Xiling , Li Xu 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is lacking effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, we
conducted TGF-β1-based CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy for RILI.

Objectives:
Mouse lungs were irradiated with a single-dose
of 20-Gy gamma rays followed by intravenous administration of Ad-CRISPR-TGF-β1 or Ad- CRISPR-Null.

Methods:
Haematoxylin and eosin staining, as well as Masson staining were performed to observe lung morphology. Albumin and
IgM concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by ELISA. Cytokine levels were measured using ELISA
and/or real-time PCR with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick-end labelling.

Results:
Ad-CRISPR-TGFβ1 improved histopathological and biochemical markers of lung injury, reduced secretion and expression of inflammatory
cytokines, and inhibited progression of fibrosis. Importantly, the SK1/S1P axis—which is known to play a key role via S1P1
in TGF-β1-dependent S1PR pattern remodelling—is responsible for promoting fibrosis.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate
novel insights for RILI therapy.
Effects of Iron Chelation in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Argenziano Maura , Di Paola Alessandra , Tortora Chiara , Di Pinto Daniela , Pota Elvira , Di Martino Martina , Perrotta Silverio , Rossi Francesca , Punzo Francesca 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone tumor. Itrepresents the principal cause of cancer-associated
death in children.Considering the recent findings on the role of iron in cancer, iron chelation has been investigated for its
antineoplastic properties in many tumors. Deferasirox is the most used iron chelator compound and in previous studies
showed an anticancer effectinhematologic and solid malignancies. Eltrombopag is a Thrombopoietin receptor used in
thrombocytopenia, that also binds and mobilize iron. It demonstrated an effect in iron overload conditions and also in contrasting cancer cells proliferation.

Objective:
We analyzed the effects of Deferasirox and Eltrombopag in Human Osteosarcoma cells, in the attempt to identify
other therapeutic approaches for this tumor.

Methods:
We cultured and treated withDeferasirox and Eltrombopag, alone and in combination, two human osteosarcoma
cell lines, MG63 and 143B. After 72h exposure, we performed RTqPCR, Western Blotting, Iron Assay and cytofluorimetric
assays to evaluate the effect on viability, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and ROS production.

Results:
The iron chelating properties of the two compounds are confirmed also in Osteosarcoma, but we did not observe
any direct effect on tumor progression.

Discussion:
We tested Deferasirox and Eltrombopag, alone and in combination, in Human Osteosarcoma cells for the first
time and demonstrated that their iron chelating activity does not influence biochemical pathways related to cancer progression and maintenance.

Conclusion:
Although further investigations on possible effects mediated by cells of the tumor microenvironment could be
of great interest, in vitro iron chelation in Osteosarcoma does not impair tumor progression.
Chalcones as Scavengers of HOCl and Inhibitors of Oxidative Burst: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies
Authors: Martins Thaise , Silva Vera L.M. , Silva Artur M.S. , Lima José L.F.C. , Fernandes Eduarda , Ribeiro Daniela 
Published: December 2020

Aims:
This study evaluates the ability of chalcones to scavenge hypochlorous acid (HOCl)
and modulate oxidative burst.

Background:
The chemistry of chalcones has long been a matter of interest to the scientific community
due to the phenolic groups often present and to the various replaceable hydrogens that allow the
formation of a broad number of derivatives. Due to this chemical diversity, several biological activities
have been attributed to chalcones, namely anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.

Objective:
Evaluate the ability of a panel of 34 structurally related chalcones to scavenge HOCl
and/or suppress its production through the inhibition of human neutrophils’ oxidative burst, followed
by the establishment of the respective structure-activity relationships.

Methods:
The ability of chalcones to scavenge HOCl was evaluated by fluorimetric detection of the
inhibition of dihydrorhodamine 123 oxidation. The ability of chalcones to inhibit neutrophils’ oxidative
burst was evaluated by chemiluminometric detection of the inhibition of luminol oxidation.

Results:
It was observed that the ability to scavenge HOCl depends on the position and number of
hydroxy groups on both aromatic rings. Chalcone 5b was the most active with an IC50 value of 1.0 ±
0.1 μM. The ability to inhibit neutrophils’ oxidative burst depends on the presence of a 2’-hydroxy
group on A-ring and on other substituents groups, e.g. methoxy, hydroxy, nitro and/or chlorine atom(
s) at C-2, C-3 and/or C-4 on B-ring, as in chalcones 2d, 2f, 2j, 2i, 4b, 2n and 1d, which were the
most actives with IC50 values ranging from 0.61 ± 0.02 μM to 1.7 ± 0.2 μM.

Conclusion:
The studied chalcones showed high activity at a low micromolar range, indicating their
potential as antioxidant agents and to be used as a molecular structural scaffold for the design of new
anti-inflammatory compounds.
Effects of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulator on BDNF, NKCC1 and KCC2 Expression in the Hippocampus following Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Allodynia and Hyperalgesia in a Mouse Model of Inflammatory Pain
Authors: Abbas Muzaffar , Alzarea Sami , Papke Roger L. , Rahman Shafiqur 
Published: December 2020

Background & Objective:
Hyperalgesia and allodynia are frequent symptoms of inflammatory
pain. Neuronal excitability induced by the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)-tyrosine
receptor kinase B (TrkB) cascade has a role in the modulation of inflammatory pain. The effects
of 3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-4-(1-naphthalenyl)-3H-cyclopentan[c]quinoline-8-sulfonamide
(TQS), an α7 nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Positive Allosteric Modulator (nAChR PAM), on
hippocampal BDNF, cation-chloride cotransporters, NKCC1 and KCC2, expression in inflammatory
pain are not known. The objective of the study was to determine the effects of TQS on BDNF,
NKCC1, and KCC2 expression in the hippocampus following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced allodynia
and hyperalgesia in a mouse model of inflammatory pain.

Methods:
Mice were treated with TQS followed by LPS (1 mg/kg, ip) administration. The effects
of TQS on mRNA and BDNF in the hippocampus were examined using qRT-PCR and Western
blot, respectively. Immunoreactivity of BDNF, NKCC1, and KCC2 in the hippocampus was measured
after LPS administration using immunofluorescence assay. Allodynia and hyperalgesia were
determined using von Frey filaments and hot plate, respectively.

Results:
The LPS (1 mg/kg) upregulates mRNA of BDNF and downregulates mRNA of KCC2 in
the hippocampus and pretreatment of TQS (4 mg/kg) reversed the effects induced by LPS. In addition,
the TQS decreased LPS-induced upregulation of BDNF and p-NKCC1 immunoreactivity in
the dentate gyrus and CA1 region of the hippocampus. BDNF receptor (TrkB) antagonist, ANA12
(0.50 mg/kg), and NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide (30 mg/kg) reduced LPS-induced allodynia and
hyperalgesia. Blockade of TrkB with ANA12 (0.25 mg/kg) enhanced the effects of TQS (1 mg/kg)
against LPS-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia. Similarly, bumetanide (10 mg/kg) enhanced the
effects of TQS (1 mg/kg) against allodynia and hyperalgesia.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that antinociceptive effects of α7 nAChR PAM are associated
with downregulation of hippocampal BDNF and p-NKCC1 and upregulation of KCC2 in a mouse
model of inflammatory pain.
Ethanol Extract of Achillea fragrantissima Enhances Angiogenesis through Stimulation of VEGF Production
Authors: Hammad Hana M. , Imraish Amer , Al-Hussaini Maysa , Zihlif Malek , Harb Amani A. , Abu Thiab Tuqa M. , Lafi Zainab , Nassar Zeyad D. , Afifi Fatma U. 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
Achillea fragrantissima L. (Asteraceae) is a traditionally used medicinal herb in the rural communities
of Jordan.

Methods:
The present study evaluated the efficacy of the ethanol extract of this species on angiogenesis in both, ex vivo using rat aortic ring assay and in vivo using rat excision wound model.

Results:
In concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, the ethanol extract showed angiogenic stimulatory effect and significantly
increased length of capillary protrusions around aorta rings of about 60% in comparison to those of untreated aorta rings. In
MCF-7 cells, the ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima stimulates the production of VEGF in a dose-dependent manner. 1%
and 5% of ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima containing vaseline based ointment was applied on rat excision wounds for
six days and was found to be effective in wound healing and maturation of the scar. Both preparations resulted in better
wound healing when compared to the untreated control group and vaseline-treated group. This effect was comparable to that
induced by MEBO, the positive control.

Conclusion:
The results indicate that A. fragrantissima has a pro-angiogenic effect, which may act through the VEGF signaling pathway.
Characterization and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles of Pathogenic Escherichia Coli Isolated from Diarrhea Samples within the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Mkuhlu Nwabisa Azisa , Chuks Iweriebor Benson , Chikwelu Obi Larry 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
Developing countries like South Africa are still faced with numerous challenges such as poor environmental sanitation, lack of clean drinking water and inadequate hygiene which have contributed largely to diarrheal infections and deaths in children. This study was aimed at investigating the prevalence of pathotypes, antimicrobial resistance and drug resistance determinants among Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from diarrhea stool samples within Buffalo City Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa.

Methods:
Fresh diarrheal stool samples were collected from 140 patients attending public health centres within the Municipality and presumptive E. coli isolates were obtained from the stool samples using E. coli chromogenic agar while PCR amplification methods were used to confirm the presumptive isolates as well as delineate them into pathotypes based on the presence of certain virulence genes. In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility and screening of some of the antimicrobial resistant determinants were performed on all the confirmed isolates.

Results:
A total of 394 presumptive E. coli isolates from 140 diarrhea stool samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification, of which 265 were confirmed positive as E. coli. Pathotypes delineation of the positive E. coli isolates validated the presence of ETEC 106 (40%), EAEC 48 (18%), DAEC 37 (14%), and EPEC 31 (11%) while no EIEC pathotype was detected. All E. coli isolates exhibited maximum susceptibility to gentamicin (95%), amikacin (91%), nitrofurantoin (91%), meropenem (90%), chloramphenicol (91%) norfloxacin (84%) and imipenem (83%). However, the isolates showed multidrug resistance to penicillin G, ampicillin, trimethoprim, tetracycline, doxycycline, and erythromycin, with over 71% of the isolates resistant to the drugs. The prevalence and distribution of the five resistance determinants assessed were as follow; sulphonamides; sulII (12%), beta lactams; [ampC (22%); blaTEM, (25%)], and tetracyclines (tetA (35%).

Conclusion:
The results from this study suggest the probable involvement of E. coli pathotypes as an etiologic agent of diarrhea in the study area and revealed high levels of multidrug resistance among the isolates, which could be a major health burden.
Internet-Based Support and Coaching With Complementary Clinic Visits for Young People With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism: Controlled Feasibility Study
Authors: Sehlin Helena , Hedman Ahlström Britt , Bertilsson Ingrid , Andersson Gerhard , Wentz Elisabet 
Published: December 2020

Background
Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can experience obstacles in traditional health care situations due to difficulties associated with their impairment.

Objective
This controlled study aims to investigate the feasibility of an internet-based support and coaching intervention (IBSC), including 2 weekly chat sessions and 2 complementary clinic visits with coaches over the course of 8 weeks, for adolescents and young adults with ADHD and/or ASD in 2 naturalistic routine care settings.

Methods
Individuals with ADHD and/or ASD aged 15-32 years were recruited in 2 clinical settings, where they received either IBSC (n=24) or treatment as usual (TAU; n=20). Outcome measures included self-report questionnaires assessing quality of life (Manchester Short Assessment for Quality of Life), sense of coherence (Sense Of Coherence 29), self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), and anxiety and depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale-Self-reported, respectively).

Results
Significant between-group effects were observed in measures of anxiety (HADS) at postintervention (P=.02) as well as at the 6-month follow-up (P=.004). Significant between-group effects were also noted for depressive symptoms (HADS) postintervention (P=.04). The between-group effects were partially explained by a deterioration in the TAU group. A significant increase in self-esteem (P=.04) as well as a decrease in anxiety (P=.003) at the 6-month follow-up was observed in the intervention group following IBSC. Findings from a qualitative study of the intervention are consistent with the results.

Conclusions
The findings from this study suggest that IBSC holds promise as a feasible complement or alternative to traditional face-to-face health care meetings.
Building the Picture Behind a Dataset
Authors: Madden Frances , Ashton Jan , Cope Jez 
Published: December 2020

As part of the European Commission funded FREYA project The British Library wanted to explore the possibility of developing provenance information in datasets derived from the British Libraryâ€™s collections, the data.bl.uk collection. Provenance information is defined in this context as â€˜information relating to the origin, source and curation of the datasetsâ€™. Provenance information is also identified within the FAIR principles as an important aspect of being able to reuse and understand research datasets. According to the FAIR principles, the aim is to understand how to cite and acknowledge the dataset as well as understanding how the dataset was created and has been processed. There is also reference to the importance of this metadata being machine readable. By enhancing the metadata of these datasets with additional persistent identifiers and metadata a fuller picture of the datasets and their content could be understood. This also adds to the veracity and understanding the dataset by end users of data.bl.uk.
International Scientific Conference “Opera in Musical Theatre: History and Present Time” (Moscow, November 11–15, 2019)
Authors: Susidko Irina 
Published: December 2020

The paper is dedicated to the findings of the International Scientific Conference “Opera in Musical Theatre: History and Present Time”, held by the Gnesins Russian Academy of Music and the State Institute for Art Studies. The conference is dedicated to 75th anniversary of the establishment of both schools. Researchers from major scientific institutions and schools of 16 world countries (Russia, Austria, UK, Germany, Greece, Spain, Italy, Kazakhstan, China, Lithuania, Mexico, Poland, USA, Thailand, Ukraine and Croatia) took part in this global project.
The paper analyses the issues of the proceedings, indicates the preferred trends and approaches in the modern study of opera art, such as studying opera in various contexts, pursuing historical accuracy, historical re-enactment and others. It also suggests ways of further development of science in studying musical theatre.
Development of a Multifunctional Aggregate Machine for Education and Business
Authors: Repko V. N. , Domnina K. I. , Karakulov M. N. , Surnin D. A. 
Published: December 2020

Проблема обеспечения безопасности и непрерывности машиностроительных производств является особенно актуальной в современных условиях изменчивости мира. Неповоротное массивное оборудование постепенно заменяется многозадачными станками, позволяющими быстро развернуть выпуск изделий соответствующего качества с минимальными затратами.Представлены основные этапы разработки нового многофункционального агрегатного станка. Исследование станка проведено с помощью методов системного анализа, построена принципиальная схема с описанием взаимосвязи всех элементов. Станок по конструкции является агрегатным, поэтому большинство деталей и узлов станка стандартизированы, что упрощает его конструирование, проектирование и производство, что не влияет на качество обрабатываемых на станке деталей. На структурной схеме станок представляет собой техническую систему, состоящую из подсистем, – корпуса, оснастки, системы механизации, смазывающе-охлаждающей системы, системы автоматизации, электрообеспечения, которые, в свою очередь, состоят из более мелких элементов.Универсальность разрабатываемого станка заключается в различных схемах сборки. Обеспечивается это конструкцией корпуса, который состоит из одинаковых по конфигурации и размерам блоков. Благодаря этой особенности, корпус можно легко собирать, меняя относительное положение блоков. Так, в зависимости от схемы сборки корпуса можно собирать различные типы станков. Представлены возможные способы сборки и типы собираемых станков для каждой схемы. В зависимости от сферы применения (образование или бизнес) станок будет иметь различные технические и конструктивные параметры, количество схем сборок, показатели производительности, точности, а также различные модификации в автоматизации и системе электрообеспечения.
Analisis Rekayasa Sub Sistem Penujang Di Salah Satu Sentra Pertanaman Kakao, Kecamatan Kumpeh Ilir, Kabupaten Muaro Jambi
Authors: Suharyon Suharyon 
Published: December 2020

Dalam upaya mengembangkan sistem usahatani dan kelembagaan tanaman kakao di suatu wilayah diperlukan pendekatan hubungan antara kelompok tani dengan kelembagaan lain yang mendukung. Dengan terjalinnya kerja sama kelembagaan yang baik, masalah yang dihadapi petani bisa diserahkan sekaligus diharapkan terjadi difusi teknologi melalui lembaga atau institusi terkait di daerah. Dengan memberdayakan kelembagaan yang mendukung adopsi teknologi yang diberikan kepada kelompok tani FSA (Farming System Analysis) dalam bentuk kerja sama akan membantu memecahkan masalah-masalah yang dihadapi petani. Berdasarkan pemikiran tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan kajian analisis rekayasa kelembagaan penunjang teknologi usahatani tanaman kakao. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di desa Betung, Kecamatan Kumpeh Ilir Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, dengan tujuan menemukan perlakuan/intervensi yang efektif dan meningkatkan pemberdayaan, serta kerja sama kelembagaan guna menjamin adopsi teknologi sistem usahatani tanaman kakao yang berkelanjutan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah SWOT ANALYSIS yaitu identifikasi kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan ancaman. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini dengan menerapkan metode Participatory Research Appraisal (PRA), untuk menggali masalah yang dihadapi oleh petani tanaman kakao. Alternatif intervensi yaitu dibentuknya beberapa kelompok tani atau dapat disebut Gapoktan yang diberi nama Usaha Bersama, diskusi singkat tentang sistem usahatani tanaman kakao , melihat kebutuhan mendesak kelompok tani, dan menghubungkannya dengan lembaga pendukung. Bedasarkan hasil PRA maka permasalahan yang diperioritaskan adalah (1) Bibit kakao yang berkualitas yang masih kurang sampai kepetani, (2), modal, () pupuk bersubsidi, (4) pertemuan antara kelompok. dan (5) bimbingan teknis untuk tanaman kakao. Tujuan menemukan perlakuan/intervensi yang efektif dan meningkatkan pemberdayaan, serta kerja sama kelembagaan guna menjamin adopsi teknologi sistem usahatani tanaman kakao yang berkelanjutan.