bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Judge Principle Is Active In Case of Divorce In Madura District Religious Court
Authors: Susylawati Eka 
Published: September 2020

Dalam persidangan cerai talak terkadang istri bersikap diam dan hanya pasrah dan kemungkinan tidak mengetahui tentang hak-hak yang dapat dituntut pada suami misalnya nafkah anak, nafkah iddah, mut’ah ataupun harta bersama sehingga jika prinsip hakim pasif tersebut digunakan secara penuh maka istri dapat kehilangan hak-haknya karena hakim tidak boleh memutus lebih. Dalam perkembangannya terdapat perubahan yaitu hakim perlu menggunakan prinsip hakim aktif sehingga putusan akan memberikan nilai keadilan terhadap istri. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pertama, hakim di Pengadilan Agama wilayah Madura menerima prinsip hakim aktif dalam perkara cerai talak walaupun penggunaannya secara terbatas mengingat pada dasarnya dalam hukum acara perdata menggunakan prinsip hakim pasif. Dasar akseptabilitas prinsip tersebut didasarkan pada peraturan perundangan-undangan yang memberikan hak ex officio, yang bertujuan memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak-hak istri. Kedua, implementasi prinsip hakim aktif dalam perkara cerai talak untuk pemenuhan hak-hak istri di Pengadilan Agama wilayah Madura adalah memberikan penjelasan kepada istri tentang hak-hak istri pasca cerai yang dapat dituntut dari suami, menanyakan tentang keinginan-keinginan istri terutama yang berkait dengan hak-haknya ketika istri diam selama persidangan, selalu memberikan hak-hak istri dalam putusannya (ex officio) selama istri hadir di persidangan dan tidak dalam keadaan nusyuz serta menunda sidang ikrar talak maksimal enam bulan apabila suami belum memenuhi hak-hak istri sebagaimana putusan pengadilan.
Does keeping the Bakri balloon in place for longer than 12 hours provide favourable clinical outcomes in the treatment of uterine atony?
Authors: OĞLAK Süleyman Cemil , OBUT Mehmet 
Published: September 2020

Aim: If the initial treatment techniques fail, intrauterine balloon tamponade (IUBT) devices such as Bakri balloon tamponade (BBT) is an effective treatment for reducing the bleeding in uterine atony patients. However, the duration of the Bakri balloon varies widely in clinical practice, and there is no consensus in this issue. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of the Bakri balloon removed in less or more than 12 hours in patients with severe postpartum haemorrhage (PPH).
Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 108 patients who underwent Bakri balloon for severe PPH after vaginal delivery. Patients were divided into two groups as the duration of Bakri balloon 8-12 hours (Group I) and >12 hours (Group II). BBT was considered to be successful if the bleeding was stopped, and the patient did not require additional invasive procedures. Age, parity, gestational week, cause of bleeding, presence of co-morbidity that may increase bleeding (multiple gestation, magnesium sulphate infusion), estimated blood loss (EBL) before and after Bakri balloon, postpartum infection, erythrocyte and fresh frozen plasma requirement and invasive procedure requirement of the groups were compared.
Results: In group I, 26 patients (52%) underwent erythrocyte transfusion, and 18 patients (36%) underwent both erythrocyte and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion. In group II, 28 patients (41.2%) underwent erythrocyte transfusion, and 21 patients (30.9%) underwent both erythrocyte and FFP transfusion. These differences were not statistically significant (p=0.42 and p=0.21, respectively). Bacri balloon was failed to reduce bleeding in one patient (2%) in group I and one patient (1.5%) in group II, and these patients had to undergo invasive surgical procedures (hysterectomy). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of failed to reduce bleeding rates (p=0.52).
Conclusion: Keeping the Bakri balloon in place for longer than 12 hours does not provide favourable clinical outcomes compared to keeping in place for less than 12 hours.
Changes in Arterial Wall Stiffness in Patients with Obesity and Paroxysmal Form of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Tarzimanova A. I. , Bragina A. E. , Osadchiy K. K. , Gataulin R. G. , Oganesyan K. A. , Lobova N. V. , Jafarova Z. B. 
Published: September 2020

Aim. To study changes in vascular wall stiffness in patients with obesity and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) during sinus rhythm retention.Material and methods. The study included 86 obese patients aged 38 to 72 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 42 patients with paroxysmal AF and obesity (Group I) and 44 patients with obesity and without rhythm disturbance (Group II). All patients were evaluated for the main parameters of arterial wall stiffness: the heart-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in the right and left main arteries.Results. Body mass index (BMI) did not differ significantly between groups. The prevalence of visceral obesity in patients with paroxysmal AF was significantly higher than in patients without heart rhythm disorders. The study of vascular wall rigidity revealed a significant increase in the CAVI index in patients with paroxysmal AF compared with this in patients without cardiac arrhythmia. The average value of the CAVI index was 9.61±1.51 and 7.92±0.18, respectively (p=0.0003). In patients with obesity and paroxysmal AF, correlations were found between waist circumference to hip circumference (WC/HC) ratio and CAVI index (r=0.455, p=0.004); WC/height ratio and CAVI index (r=0.443, p=0.003); between WC and CAVI index (r=0.493, p=0.002). A positive direct relationship was found between CAVI index and the frequency of AF attacks during the year: r=0.782 (p=0.001).Conclusion. A significant increase in the CAVI index, indicating a change in vascular wall stiffness, was found in patients with obesity and paroxysmal AF when compared with overweight patients without heart rhythm disorders. The increase in the CAVI index was correlated with the increase in WC, the WC/HC ratio, and WC/height ratio. There was a significant direct relationship between the CAVI index and the frequency of arrhythmia attacks in patients with obesity and paroxysmal AF.
Studies on the Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Diabetic Patients attending a Tertiary Health-care Facility South-west Nigeria.
Authors: NDAKO James A. , Owolabi Akinyomade O , Olisa Joseph A. , Akinwumi Jeremiah A. , Dojumo Victor T. , Olatinsu Oludolapo , Adebayo Blessing A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two major public health problems associated with increasing complications and mortality rates worldwide. The objective of this study to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in diabetic patients and to investigate the influence of several epidemiological and clinical factors on HCV infection. Method: A total number of one hundred and eighty diabetic patients were recruited for this study. Consented subjects made up of 71(39.4%) males and 109(60.56%) females were recruited for the study. While one-Hundred (100) Non-Diabetics (Controls) were recruited for this study. Structured questionnaires were administered to the consented participants to obtain relevant data. Sera samples were assayed for antibodies to HCV using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [Inteco Diagnostic Limited]. ELISA technique. Result: Overall prevalence of HCV infection among diabetes patients assayed was 13.3%. Out of which 8(11.3%) was obtained from the male subjects compared to 16 (14.7%) seropositivity recorded for the female subjects (P = 0.511; P > 0.05). Considering age distribution, Subjects aged 41-50 years recorded, 9 (22.5%) positivity (P= 0.238; P>0.05).Considering educational status of subjects screened, 22 (14.9%) positivity was rescored among subjects who have attained tertiary status of education.( P = 0.574;P>0.05).Risk factors considered showed that, 7 (18.9%) seropositive subject were alcoholic consumers(P value = 0.2621;P>0.05) while 5 (8.9%) recorded history of sharing sharp objects P= 0.2427;P>0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows a slightly higher prevalence of hepatitis C infection in type 2 diabetics. This call for urgent routine screening exercise among diabetic patients for HCV infection. This study also emphasizes the need for public enlightenment of the association between HCV infection and T2DM, to avert possible complications among diabetic patients. Keywords: HCV, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), Patients
The Value and Feasibility of South-South Medical Elective Exchanges in Africa
Authors: Daniels Katy , Thomson Emma , Nawagi Faith , Flinkenflogel Maaike 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background An elective is part of the curriculum where students have the flexibility to choose both the study topic and location. International medical electives are a well-established part of curricula at most medical schools in high-income countries. They are highly valued by students and have proven educational benefits, though do come with challenges, such as lack of reciprocity. Low and middle-income countries frequently host students from high-income countries providing learning opportunities, yet also carry the burden of supervision and resource consumption, whilst their students get few elective opportunities. This study explores the value and feasibility of South-South Medical Elective Exchanges (SSMEE), which creates elective opportunities for African medical students in other African countries to create reciprocity within the elective system.Method A qualitative evaluation of the South-South Medical Elective Exchanges was conducted using a case study approach. Four African medical schools, College of Medicine, Malawi; University of Rwanda, Rwanda; University of Witwatersrand, South Africa and Makerere University, Uganda participated in the pilot study in 2017/18. Each institution selected two students to participate in a four-week elective to another participating institute. Participating students completed a pre-elective questionnaire and a post-elective interview exploring expectations, learning outcomes, challenges and how they are applying this learning. Data was analysed thematically.Results Data presented is from six of the eight participating students. All students found the elective a valuable experience and learning was demonstrated in four key areas: clinical knowledge and skills; attitudes; personal and professional development and global perspectives. For some, it challenged their assumptions of what an elective is because valuable learning can be achieved whilst remaining in Africa. The main challenge found related to funding the elective. Conclusions The SSMEE model is feasible and provides valuable learning for participating students and their peers/colleagues. Financing electives remains the biggest challenge. Since this pilot study, SSMEE has become part of a regional elective exchange network in Africa with an additional four institutions in three other countries. As such SSMEE has resulted in increased opportunities for African medical students and better educational outcomes that are likely to have a positive effect on healthcare systems in Africa.
Use of Spinal Anaesthesia In Neonates And Infants In Antananarivo, Madagascar: A Retrospective Descriptive Study&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Randriamizao Harifetra Mamy Richard , Rakotondrainibe Aurelia , Razafindrabekoto Lova Dany Ella , Ravoaviarivelo Prisca Funken , Rajaonera Andriambelo Tovohery , Andriamanarivo Mamy Lalatiana 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to present the first cases of spinal anesthesia, in newborns and infants, preterm / ex-prematures, in order to determine its feasibility and its potential harmlessness, in Antananarivo – Madagascar. Indeed, spinal anesthesia is a low cost technique and can limit respiratory complications, postoperative apnea a contrario with pediatric general anesthesia which can lead to perioperative risks. Results: In a retrospective, descriptive, seven-year (2013 to 2019) period study, conducted in the University Hospital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona, 69 patients’ data files planned to have spinal anesthesia were recorded. These pediatric patients were predominantly male (sex ratio = 2.8) and 37 [28 - 52] days old. The smallest anesthetized child weighed 880g; the youngest was 4 days old. Twenty-seven (27) of them were premature and 20.3% presented respiratory diseases. They were mostly scheduled for hernia repair (90%). Spinal anesthesia was performed, with a Gauge 25 Quincke spinal needle, after 2 [1 - 2] attempts with hyperbaric bupivacaine of 4 [3.5 - 4] mg. Failure rate was 5.8%. The heart rate was stable throughout perioperative period and no complications were observed.
Duodenal major papilla morphology can affect biliary cannulation and complications during ERCP, an observational study
Authors: Chen Po-Han , Tung Chun-Fang , Peng Yen-Chung , Yeh Hong-Zen , Chang Chi-Sen , Chen ChiaChang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background We investigated whether duodenal major papilla morphology could be a risk factor for failure of selective biliary cannulation (SBC) and post endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and pancreatography (ERCP) complications.Methods A prospectively recorded database was reviewed retrospectively. Patients were included if they received therapeutic ERCP and had naïve major duodenal papilla. We used Haraldsson’s classification for papilla morphology, as follows: Regular (Type 1), Small (Type 2), Protruding or Pendulous (Type 3) and Creased or Ridged (Type 4). Risk factors for failing SBC and post-ERCP complications were analyzed by multivariate analysis.Results A total of 286 cases were included. Age, gender, indications and therapeutic procedures were not different among the four types of papillae. The failure rates of SBC with Type 3 papilla and Type 4 papilla were 11.11% and 6.25%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, Type 2 papilla (odd ratio 7.18, p= 0.045) and Type 3 papilla (odd ratio 7.44, p= 0.016) were associated with greater SBC failure compared with Type 1 papilla. Malignant obstruction compared to stone (odds ratio 4.45, p=0.014) and age (odd ratio=1.06, p=0.010) were also risk factors for cannulation failure. Type 2 papilla was correlated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis (20%, p=0.020) compared to the other types of papilla However, papilla morphology was not a significant risk factor for any complications in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion Small papilla and protruding or pendulous papilla are more difficult to cannulate compared to regular papilla. Small papilla is associated with a higher rate of post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Identification of infrasonic and seismic components of tremors in single-station records: application to the 2013 and 2018 events at Ioto Island, Japan
Authors: Kurokawa Aika K , Ichihara Mie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Infrasonic stations are sparse at many volcanoes, especially those on remote islands and those with less frequent eruptions. When only a single infrasound station is available, the seismic-infrasonic cross-correlation method has been used to extract infrasound from wind noise. However, it does not work with intense seismicity and sometimes mistakes ground-to-atmosphere signals as infrasound. This paper proposes a complementary method to identify the seismic component and the infrasonic component using a single microphone and a seismometer. We applied the method to estimate the surface activity on Ioto Island. We focused on volcanic tremors during the phreatic eruption on April 11, 2013, and during an unconfirmed event on September 12, 2018. We used the spectral amplitude ratios of the vertical ground motion to the pressure oscillation and compared those for the tremors with those for known signals generated by volcano-tectonic earthquakes and airplanes flying over the station. We were able to identify the infrasound component in the part of the seismic tremor with the 2013 eruption. On the other hand, the tremor with the unconfirmed 2018 event was accompanied by no apparent infrasound. We interpreted the results that the infrasound with the 2013 event was excited by the vent opening or the ejection of ballistic rocks, and the 2018 event was not an explosive eruption either on the ground or in the shallow water. If there was any gas (and ash) emission, it might have occurred gently undersea. As the method uses the relative values of on-site records instead of the absolute values, it is available even if the instrument sensitivity and the station site effects are poorly calibrated.
Rasch analysis of the Living with Chronic Illness Scale in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ambrosio Leire , Rodriguez-Blazquez Carmen , Ayala Alba , Forjaz Maria João 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Neurologists play an essential role in facilitating the patient’s process of living with Parkinson’s disease (PD). The Living with Chronic Illness Scale-PD (LW-CI-PD) is a unique available clinical tool that evaluates how the patient is living with PD. The objective of the study was to analyse the LW-CI-PD properties according to the Rasch model.Methods An open, international, cross-sectional study was carried out in 324 patients with Parkinson’s disease from four Latin American countries and Spain. Psychometric properties of the LW-CI-PD were tested using Rasch analysis: fit to the Rasch model, item local independency, unidimensionality, reliability, and differential item functioning by age and gender.Results Original LW-CI-PD do not fit Rasch model. Modifications emerged included simplifying the response scale and deleting misfit items, the dimensions Acceptance, Coping and Integration showed a satisfactory fit to the Rasch model, with reliability indices greater than 0.70. The dimensions Self-management and Adjustment to the disease did not reach fit to the Rasch model.Conclusion Suggestions for improving the LW-CI-PD include a multidimensional and shorter scale with 12 items grouped in three subscales with a simpler response scheme. The final LW-CI-PD Scale version is a reliable scale, with good internal construct validity, that provides Rasch transformed results on linear metric scale.
Long-term Effects of Mixed Planting on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in the Roots and Soils of Juglans mandshurica Plantations
Authors: Ji Li , Zhang Yan , Yang Yuchun , Yang Lixue , Yang Na , Zhang Depeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Establishing mixed plantations is an effective way to improve soil fertility and increase forest productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are obligate symbiotic fungi that can promote mineral nutrient absorption and regulate intraspecific and interspecific competition in plants. However, the effects of mixed plantations on the community structure and abundance of AM fungi are still unclear. Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to investigate the AM fungal community in the roots and soils of pure and mixed plantations (Juglans mandshurica × Larix gmelinii). The objective of this study is to compare the differential responses of the root and rhizosphere soil AM fungal communities of Juglans mandshurica to long-term mixed plantation management.Results: Glomus and Paraglomus were the dominant genera in the root samples, accounting for more than 80% of the sequences. Compared with that in the pure plantation, the relative abundance of Glomus was higher in the mixed plantation. Glomus, Diversispora and Paraglomus accounted for more than 85% of the sequences in the soil samples. The relative abundances of Diversispora and an unidentified genus of Glomeromycetes were higher and lower in the pure plantation, respectively. The Root_P samples (the roots in the pure plantation) had the highest number of unique OTUs (operational taxonomic units), which belonged mainly to an unidentified genus of Glomeromycetes, Paraglomus, Glomus and Acaulospora. The number of unique OTUs detected in the soil was lower than that in the roots. In both the root and soil samples, the forest type did not have a significant effect on AM fungal diversity, but the Sobs value and the Shannon, Chao1 and Ace indices of AM fungi in the roots were significantly higher than those in the soil.Conclusions: Mixed forest management had little effect on the AM fungal community of Juglans mandshurica roots and significantly changed the community composition of the soil AM fungi, but not the diversity.
Exploiting an early warning nomogram for predicting the risk of ICU admission in COVID-19 patients: A multi-center study in China
Authors: Zhou Yiwu , He Yanqi , Yang Huan , Yu He , Wang Ting , Chen Zhu , Yao Rong , Liang Zongan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency. Here, we developed and validated a practical model based on the data from a multi-center cohort in China for early identification and prediction of which patients will be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).Methods Data of 1087 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were collected from 49 sites between January 2 and February 28, 2020, in Sichuan and Wuhan. Patients were randomly categorized into the training and validation cohorts (7:3). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and logistic regression analyses were used to develop the nomogram. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated for the C-index, calibration, discrimination, and clinical usefulness. Further, the nomogram was externally validated in a different cohort.Results The individualized prediction nomogram included 6 predictors: age, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, smoking status, fever, and chronic kidney disease. The model demonstrated a high discriminative ability in the training cohort (C-index = 0.829), which was confirmed in the external validation cohort (C-index = 0.776). In addition, the calibration plots confirmed good concordance for predicting the risk of ICU admission. Decision curve analysis revealed that the prediction nomogram was clinically useful.Conclusion We established an early prediction model incorporating clinical characteristics that could be quickly obtained on hospital admission, even in community health centers. This model can be conveniently used to predict the individual risk for ICU admission of patients with COVID-19 and optimize the use of limited resources.