bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unknown, so also unvalued? Blood donation awareness and attitudes of potential donors of Dutch and African descent
Authors: Klinkenberg Elisabeth F. , Fransen Mirjam P. , de Kort Wim L.A.M. , Huis in ’t Veld Elisabeth M.J. , van Weert Julia C.M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesMany Western countries face a shortage of African blood donors, while their specific blood groups are needed to transfuse chronic transfusion patients of similar ethnic background. Blood donation awareness and attitudes greatly impact the decision to become a blood donor, but how they are related and differ across ethnic groups is understudied. This study investigated blood donation awareness and attitudes of individuals of Dutch and African descent in the Netherlands.Materials and methodsSurvey data of 257 African and 152 Dutch non‐donors measuring donation awareness (i.e. being familiar with the Dutch blood bank organization and knowing others who donated blood), cognitive (evaluative judgements) and affective (emotional reactions) attitudes were included. t‐Tests, chi‐square tests, linear and logistic regressions were conducted to study differences and associations between donation awareness and attitudes.ResultsAfrican individuals were less often aware of the Dutch blood bank organization (43%; p < 0·05) or others who donated blood (51%; p < 0·05) than Dutch individuals (55% and 68%, respectively). African individuals had lower cognitive donation attitudes compared with Dutch individuals (p < 0·001), but no differences were found for affective attitudes (p = 0·55). High donation awareness was associated with higher cognitive (p < 0·001) and affective (p < 0·05) donation attitudes among African minorities, but not among Dutch individuals.ConclusionThe lower donation awareness and cognitive attitudes of African minorities should be taken into consideration in donor recruitment. Raising awareness through effective communication strategies might be essential in the donor decision making process of this target group.
The conjugacy class graphs of non-abelian 3-groups
Authors: Zulkarnain Athirah , Sarmin Nor Haniza , Mat Hassim Hazzirah Izzati 
Published: November 2020

A graph is formed by a pair of vertices and edges. It can be related to groups by using the groups’ properties for its vertices and edges. The set of vertices of the graph comprises the elements or sets from the group while the set of edges of the graph is the properties and condition for the graph. A conjugacy class of an element is the set of elements that are conjugated with . Any element of a group , labelled as , is conjugated to if it satisfies for some elements in with its inverse . A conjugacy class graph of a group is defined when its vertex set is the set of non-central conjugacy classes of . Two distinct vertices and are connected by an edge if and only if their cardinalities are not co-prime, which means that the order of the conjugacy classes of and have common factors. Meanwhile, a simple graph is the graph that contains no loop and no multiple edges. A complete graph is a simple graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is adjacent. Moreover, a -group is the group with prime power order. In this paper, the conjugacy class graphs for some non-abelian 3-groups are determined by using the group’s presentations and the definition of conjugacy class graph. There are two classifications of the non-abelian 3-groups which are used in this research. In addition, some properties of the conjugacy class graph such as the chromatic number, the dominating number, and the diameter are computed. A chromatic number is the minimum number of vertices that have the same colours where the adjacent vertices have distinct colours. Besides, a dominating number is the minimum number of vertices that is required to connect all the vertices while a diameter is the longest path between any two vertices. As a result of this research, the conjugacy class graphs of these groups are found to be complete graphs with chromatic number, dominating number and diameter that are equal to eight, one and one, respectively.
Preparation of supported-deep eutectic solvent membranes: Effects of bath medium composition on the structure and performance of supported-deep eutectic solvent membrane for CO2/N2 gas separation
Authors: Mohd Nasib Amira , Hatim Irfan , Jullok Nora , Rasidi Syahmie 
Published: November 2020

Polyvinylidene fluoride-co-polytetrafluoroethylene, PVDF-co-PTFE polymer was used as a membrane support. The asymmetric membranes were formed by immersion of casted membrane film into the coagulation bath. This work manipulated the coagulant bath medium by mixing ethanol with distilled water at different weight percentages (0, 25 and 50 wt. % of ethanol). The structures of fabricated membranes were observed to have different morphologies. Higher ethanol content altered the membrane structure from finger-like to sponge-like structure, and hence differed in membrane porosity. Vacuum-based technique was chosen to impregnate the deep eutectic solvent (DES) into the pores of membrane support. DES was prepared by mixing choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol at a ratio of 1:3. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the membrane morphology changes while in order to determine the immobilization of DES, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was used. The porosity of fabricated PVDF-co-PTFE membrane was determined by means of gravimetric method. Lastly, the membrane separation performance using CO2 and N2 gasses were used to determine the capability of the supported-DES-membrane. The results demonstrated the highest immobilization of DES in supported membrane pores was achieved when combination of 25 wt. % of ethanol and 75 wt. % distilled water was used as a coagulant bath medium. The respective membrane has 74.5% porosity with the most excellent performance of CO2 separation at 25.5 x 103 GPU with CO2/N2 selectivity of 2.89.
Analytical approximation solution for logistic delay differential equation
Authors: Talib Nurul Atiqah , Maan Normah , Barde Aminu 
Published: November 2020

Although the non-linear analytical techniques are fast developing, they still do not entirely satisfy mathematicians and engineers. Many researchers have conducted the study to find the analytical solution for the logistic delay differential equation. However, for the time lags occasion, it is quite hard and tough to achieve analytical solution due to its limitation, and thus, we can only expect the approximate analytical solution. This paper describes the approximate analytical techniques, homotopy analysis method (HAM), and homotopy perturbation method (HPM) in order to indicate their ability in solving the logistic delay differential equation. HAM is one of the better approaches that can be used for solving this equation. The use of HAM will lead to obtaining the series solution that contains an auxiliary parameter that can help to adjust and control the convergence and rate approximation for the series solution. Meanwhile, HPM is an analytical method with a combination of homotopy in topology and classical perturbation technique. Using the HPM technique, the logistic delay differential equation is reduced to a sufficiently simplified form, which usually becomes a linear equation that is easy to be solved. The comparison of numerical solution with -values of HAM has shown the influence of parameter in the convergence of series solution. Using HAM and HPM, the relationship between the time-delay τ and the population size is obtained. As a result, the higher the value of the steeper the gradient of the population size . It is concluded that the parameter helps to adjust and control the convergence and rate approximation for the series solution of HAM. Laterally, the comparison between HAM and HPM with numerical method is done to show that both methods are relatively approximate to the exact solution. Moreover, homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is a special case of homotopy analysis method (HAM) when and . Hence, using HAM and HPM techniques, two different kinds of series solutions of logistic delay differential equation are obtained.
Development of oil-in-water microemulsion encapsulating Vitamin E for thermal and hydrolysis degradation study
Authors: Abdul Rahman Khairun Nisa , Eh Suk Vicit Rizal , Khalid Khalisanni , Mohd Ihsan Nurhazirah , Md Dom Zainurin , Misran Misni 
Published: November 2020

Vitamin E is widely used for medicinal and cosmeceuticals purposes. However, it is easy to degrade by the environment. In this study, the degradation of Gold Tri.E™ was studied and determined. Gold Tri.E™ is a mixture of Vitamin E homologs (tocotrienol and tocopherol) extracted from palm oil (Elais Guineensis). A nanocarrier system has been optimized to encapsulate Gold Tri.E™ from degrading and increasing its stability as a bioactive compound. An oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsion was formulated and optimized as the best carrier to encapsulate Gold Tri.E™ with the mean particle size of 32.60±3.60 nm and 99.99±0.01% encapsulation efficiency (EE). Degradation of the Gold Tri.E™ in o/w microemulsion was significantly reduced as compared to the bare Gold Tri.ETM. This suggested that the system could protect Gold Tri.E™ from thermal and hydrolysis degradation. Thus, the ease of preparation, low-cost production, and small particle size obtained when Gold Tri.E™ encapsulated in this system give promising drug delivery system to encapsulate, protect, and increase the shelf life of Gold Tri.E™.
Synthesis and performance assessment of coconut fiber solid adsorbent for waste cooking oil purification as biodiesel feedstock
Authors: Oktavian Rama , Poerwadi Bambang , Pahleva Mochamad Reza , Muharyanto Mochammad Wahyu , Supriyono Supriyono 
Published: November 2020

Waste cooking oil can be considered as an alternative biodiesel feedstock for replacing edible oils. However, this feedstock can not be directly used since it contains much impurities and high Free Fatty Acid (FFA) content. Thus, pre-treatment process is required to enhance the feedstock quality. Adsorption using activated carbon is one of various methods that can be applied to reduce FFA content which is relatively easy and cheap. Coconut fiber is biomass waste that can be utilized in activated carbon production. This work has successfully synthesized activated carbon from coconut fiber with activator medium of H3PO4 10% weight and carbonization temperature of 600 °C, indicated from yield, water content, ash content, and methylene blue adsorption capacity. The yield of carbonization process developed in this work reached 40% while the yield for water content, ash content, and methylene blue adsorption capacity were 2.5%, 2.3% and 1646.1 mg/g carbon, respectively which complied with SNI 06-3730-1995. This adsorbent was tested on fixed bed adsorption column with FFA reduction reached up to 93% at waste cooking oil flowrate of 3 ml/min for 45 minutes operation time.
Bubble column application on purification of biogas and production of nano-calcium carbonate in continuous process
Authors: Ihsana Yukh , Rama Putu Adhi , Winardi Sugeng , Nurtono Tantular 
Published: November 2020

Purification of biogas by removing carbon dioxide content has been developed to increase its calorific value. The CO2 contained in biogas was absorbed by contacting Ca(OH)2 solution and CO2 in the bubble column to produce high purity of biogas and generated precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) simultaneously. Two sources of CO2 were used in this work, which were CO2 contained in biogas and pure CO2. Pure CO2 was used as a benchmark in this study to show the effect of the presence of methane contained in biogas on the absorption process. The investigation was done in a continuous process. The results showed that the highest absorption of CO2 was obtained in biogas at 79.34 %. PCC with calcite phases was successfully formed in 225–270 nm. Rhombohedral calcite phase was formed by the use of pure CO2 and biogas as a source of CO2. The use of CO2 contained in biogas and pure CO2 in the absorption process did not have an effect on the crystalline phase and morphology of calcite formed. Several factors that significantly affected the absorption of CO2 were gas flow rate, absorbent flow rate, CO2 concentration in the gas inlet, and the initial liquid level in the bubble column.
Vertical distribution of the radon concentration at Batu Pahat district, Johor, Malaysia
Authors: Saleh Muneer Aziz , Syed Othman Syed Nurhaizam , Hamzah Khaidzir , Zainal Jasman 
Published: November 2020

This study investigated the vertical distribution of radon, 222Rn concentrations in soil gas for different soil types and found the relation between the measured gamma dose rates and radon concentrations. The 222Rn concentrations in soil gas were measured at depth of 20 cm, 60 cm, 80 cm and 100 cm using semiconductor detector (RAD7) coupled with soil gas probe. The overall activity concentrations of 222Rnin soil were ranged from Minimum Detectable Activity (MDA)to 54000 ± 3000 Bq m−3 in Batu Pahat District. The results showed that the overall highest concentration of 222Rn was recorded at 40 cm depth for most of the soil types, which could be the most reliable for taking the radon measurements than other depths. Soil type 32 (Dystric Nitosolse Orthic Ferrasols-Rengam Jerangau) has the highest radon concentration, which was 12,462 ± 5237 Bq m-3. The gamma dose rates (GDR) above 1 m were measured using portable survey meters (Ludlum 19). A good relationship between radon concentrations in soil gas and the measured gamma dose rates was observed using Pearson Correlation. The results of 222Rn concentration in soil gas obtained from this study were in agreement with results reported by other researchers.
Regularity of Geometric quadratic stochastic operator generated by 2-partition of infinite points
Authors: Karim Siti Nurlaili , Hamzah Nur Zatul Akmar , Ganikhodjaev Nasir 
Published: November 2020

In this research, we construct a class of quadratic stochastic operator called Geometric quadratic stochastic operator generated by arbitrary 2-partition of infinite points on a countable state space , where . We also study the limiting behavior of such operator by proving the existence of the limit of the sequence through the convergence of the trajectory to a unique fixed point. It is established that such operator is a regular transformation.
Copper oxide derived from copper(I) complex of 2-acetylpyridine-N(4)-(methoxy phenyl)thiosemicarbazone as an efficient catalyst in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Wafudu Handy Omar Abdullahi , Shah Jamil Mohamad Shazwan , Shamsuddin Mustaffa 
Published: November 2020

A copper(I) complex of 2-acetylpyridine-N(4)-(methoxy phenyl)thiosemicarbazone was successfully synthesized and structurally characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and CHN elemental analyses. The complex was converted into copper oxide in a simple, efficient, and cheap method via solid state thermal decomposition. Test of the catalytic performance of the copper(I) complex and copper oxide were in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) shows that copper oxide has a higher catalytic activity (98.7%) compared to the copper(I) complex (78.2%). Optimization of the catalyst loading revealed that 1.0 mol% of catalyst was the most optimized amount with the highest conversion (98.7%) than any other amounts, 0.5 mol% (96.8%), 1.5 mol% (95.4%) and 2.0 mol% (89.6%). Recyclability and reproducibility tests of copper oxide prove that this catalyst was very efficient, exhibit excellent reproducibility with consistent catalytic performances and could be reused four times without significant decrease in the catalytic activities.
The behavior of renormalizations of circle maps with rational rotation numbers and with Zygmund conditions
Authors: Akhadkulov Habibulla , Begmatov Abdumajid , Ying Teh Yuan 
Published: November 2020

Let be one-parameter family of circle homeomorphisms with a break point, that is, the derivative has jump discontinuity at this point. Suppose satisfies a certain Zygmund condition which is dependent on parameter . We prove that the renormalizations of circle homeomorphisms from this family with rational rotation number of sufficiently large rank are approximated by piecewise fractional linear transformations in and -norms, depending on the values of the parameter and , respectively.
Experiences of patients with lysosomal storage disorders treated with enzyme replacement therapy: a qualitative systematic review protocol
Authors: Koto Yuta , Ueki Shingo , Yamakawa Miyae , Sakai Norio 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of the review is to investigate the experiences of patients with lysosomal storage disorders treated with enzyme replacement therapy and the experiences of their families.

Introduction:
Lysosomal storage disorders are rare diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins required for lysosomal function. The onset of lysosomal storage disorders vary from infancy to adulthood, depending on the specific disease and disease type. Enzyme replacement therapy is the standard treatment for some lysosomal storage disorders. The adherence to the treatment by patients and their families is affected not only by the symptoms but also by the scheduling of hospital visits. No qualitative systematic review on this topic has examined the experiences of patients and their families.

Inclusion criteria:
Qualitative studies dealing with the experiences of patients with lysosomal storage disorders receiving enzyme replacement therapy and their families will be included. These may include experiences related to satisfaction or dissatisfaction with being diagnosed, difficulties and expectations continuing treatment, the advantages or disadvantages related to school and work life, and the psychological burden and supports on families. This review will consider studies in all settings because relevant experiences of patients and their families may occur outside medical institutions.

Methods:
MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, APA PsycINFO, Scopus, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases will be examined from 1991 to the present. Studies published in any language will be included. The study selection, critical appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis will be performed in accordance with the guidelines for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42019147751
Association between developmental coordination disorder or low motor competence, and risk of impaired bone health across the lifespan: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Jocelyn , Hart Nicolas H. , Rantalainen Timo , Chivers Paola 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This systematic review will assess the association between developmental coordination disorder or low motor competence and impairments in bone health across the lifespan.

Introduction:
Individuals with developmental coordination disorder tend to have a pattern of physical activity associated with bone health impairments. Preliminary studies have found impairments in bone health measures, including fractures, throughout the lifespan with potential public health ramifications. As studies in this area are of small samples across wide age ranges, no comprehensive picture of bone health in this group has been formed, hindering action. A systematic review is needed to determine the potential risk of bone impairment in this population.

Inclusion criteria:
Studies that assess the relationship between developmental coordination disorder/low motor competence and bone health, regardless of measures used, will be included in the review. There will be no exclusions based on region, study design, or participant demographic characteristics.

Methods:
Published studies and gray literature will be searched, with no limits on publication date or language. Assessment of studies for inclusion, as well as data extraction, will be performed by two reviewers, with data cross checked for accuracy. Studies will be appraised using the appropriate JBI tool for the study design. Data to be extracted include unadjusted results and effect sizes for bone health measures. A narrative synthesis will be performed and if there is a sufficient number of studies, a meta-analysis using the same outcome measures will be performed on odds ratios of abnormal bone phenotype and fracture in this population.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020167301
Characteristics and predictors of suicidality in young people with clinical depression: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Moller Carl I. , Davey Christopher G. , Badcock Paul B. , Cotton Sue M. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to examine clinical, psychosocial, and biological factors associated with suicidality in young people diagnosed with depression. This review will describe risk and protective factors, focusing on modifiable attributes, in order to inform suicide prevention and early intervention strategies.

Introduction:
Suicide is the world's second-leading cause of death among young people. Depression is closely associated with suicide; however, it lacks specificity as a predictor of suicidal behavior. There is a clear need to improve our understanding of both risk and protective factors associated with the full spectrum of suicidality in young people, across a range of depressive disorders.

Inclusion criteria:
Studies that include young people 15 to 25 years of age with a diagnosis of depression made in accordance with a diagnostic classification standard will be considered. Diagnosis must be made using a structured clinical interview or be received through standard clinical practice. Analytical cross-sectional studies, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and case-control studies will be included. Studies must include an assessment of suicidality made using standardized or non-standardized tools. A broad range of inpatient and outpatient settings will be considered.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO will be searched for studies published in English, with no date limitation. Two independent reviewers will conduct study screening, assess methodological quality, and extract data using standardized tools. If there is sufficient homogeneity across studies, meta-analyses using a random-effects model will be conducted. If quantitative meta-analysis is not possible, a narrative synthesis will be undertaken.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020151612.