bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Sámi Art Museum: There Is No – Or Is There?
Authors: Hansen Hanna Horsberg 
Published: December 2020

This article aims to answer two questions. The first is: What is a Sámi art museum? The second question considers whether there is no Sámi art museum, as assumed by the Nordnorsk kunstmuseum (NNKM) as the title of a museum performance and exhibition in 2017.
To answer the first question, it is necessary to tell the long story of the Sámi cultural-historical museum in Karasjok, Samiid Vuorká-Dávvirat (SVD). This museum was inaugurated in 1972 as an act of resistance against the increasing assimilation politics towards the Sámi population in the post-war period. The building that was erected became a cultural and political centre, and a living cultural institution that housed the increasing Sámi ethno-political movement and its energy. Furthermore, as I will argue, the activity that took place at the site became a part of Sámi cultural heritage.
The museum has also collected art since 1972 – a collection that today comprises 1400 artworks. Since the 1980s, various plans have been made for a Sámi art museum in a separate building, somehow connected to SVD, however, none of these plans have yet been realised. The article discusses the different reasons for this, and points to the connotations embedded in the SVD building as a cultural and political centre as one of the contributing factors.
To answer the question of whether there is no Sámi art museum, a critical reading of the Nordnorsk kunstmuseum’s 2017 museum performance There Is No is necessary. My answer to the question is that NNKM, unfortunately, fell into several traps in their attempt to focus on the fact that there is no physical building. One such trap, that is very common in Western museums displaying indigenous art, is their use of traditional art-historical models as interpretive lenses when displaying indigenous art.
A different concept of what an art museum could be today, as a place where things happen, where we could meet counter narratives, or Sámi art and culture could be presented as being part of the present as well as the past and future, would have been closer to a Sámi art museum. I offer this conclusion both through the deeper understanding of Sámi cultural and ethno-political movements as offered in the story of SVD, and through my reading of the theories of the indigenous American scholar John Paul Rangel. While there may indeed be no physical building claiming to be a Sámi art museum, it does in fact exist through the Sámi concept of árbevierru.
Icelandic Kami
Authors: Jamieson Daryl 
Published: December 2020

Utamakura is a traditional Japanese technique of recognizing, interpreting, and utilizing the web of intertextual meanings which have accrued around particular place names over centuries of poetic practice. In general, these utamakura places were originally (in the 7th-9th centuries) associated with Shintō gods (kami), though in later periods the web of meanings in most cases came to include (and often became dominated by) secular rather than spiritual associations. Japanese poet Takahashi Mutsuo, who has published both poetic and theoretical works on the subject of utamakura, seeks to recover the original spiritual power of utamakura place names. He has also expanded the concept to include places of mythic spiritual importance outside of Japan, mostly in the Greco-Roman world.
Taking inspiration from Takahashi's revivification of this mediaeval poetic device, I am currently in the midst of a three-year project to write a series of (at this point seven) multimedia chamber music pieces called the utamakura series, pieces inspired alternately by traditional Japanese locations and locations in Northern Europe. My 2018 piece utamakura 2: Arnardalar for violin, piano, and fixed audiovisual media is an exploration of the Icelandic valley of Arnardulr in the Westfjords, the setting of a key early scene in the Fóstbræðra saga. My work draws on both the saga's descriptions of the place and the current place as it is today, highlighting the flux of time and exploring the power of art to infuse itself into – and change perceptions of – physical locations.
In this paper, I will explain the conceptual processes involved in writing the piece, with an emphasis on the intercultural aesthetic of my work and how Japanese philosophy of art and religion can offer a creative new perspective on the Scandinavian lands which are the settings of the North's oldest literature.
The Art of Hosting Participatory Practices in Social Labs: Moving Beyond Participation to Deep Engagement
Authors: Mosse Rosamund , Muirhead Lewis 
Published: December 2020

Working with diverse groups to address complex issues is the primary aim of the burgeoning field of social labs. This paper investigates how the Art of Hosting (AoH) helped the facilitation team at New Brunswick’s Social and Public Innovation Lab (NouLAB) to build trust and integrate the wisdom of the participants into the lab process. We argue that AoH provided a container for the deep understanding and changes in perspective experienced by participants in the first two cycles of the lab. This study may be of use to those planning multi-stakeholder engagements and working in complex problem spaces.

Keywords:
Social innovation labs, Art of Hosting, participatory practices, public sector innovation, dialogic organizational development.
Bio‐Derived Materials Achieving High Performance in Alkali Metal–Chalcogen Batteries
Authors: Kim Soochan , Yang Jiayi , Liu Dezhong , Huang Yunhui , Lee Youngkwan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlkali metal–chalcogen batteries (ACBs) have attracted significant attention as next‐generation energy storages because of high energy density and reasonable cost as compared to the up‐to‐date lithium‐ion batteries. Nevertheless, their practical applications are harshly inhibited by some drawbacks, such as shuttle effects resulting from dissolved polysulfides and polyselenides, chalcogen volume expansion, and dendrite growth on metal anodes. Functional components, such as chalcogen host, binder, and interlayer, using various polar materials have been introduced to address these issues. Among them, bio‐derived materials are regarded as novel eco‐friendly alternatives. In this report, the authors focus on the unique physical/chemical/environmental properties of bio‐derived materials used in ACBs, including active host materials, polymer binders, separators, and additives. The authors hope that the present report can provide some new insights and directions for future research on high‐performance ACBs.
Photoelectrochemical TiO2‐Au‐Nanowire‐Based Motor for Precise Modulation of Single‐Neuron Activities
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Lu , Liu Kun , Tong Fei , Wang Shuanghu , Fu Dongmei , Gao Junbin , Jiang Jiamiao , Ou Juanfeng , Ye Yicheng , Wilson Daniela A. , Tu Yingfeng , Peng Fei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMicro/nanomotors are revolutionary miniaturized robotic systems capable of converting diverse energy sources, including light, ultrasound, and thermal heat, into mechanical motion. This fascinating research area is emerging and developing at a rapid pace, demonstrating potential in multiple fields. While their locomotion and momentum capabilities have been explored in medical treatments, including microsurgery and diagnosis, the aspect of converting their intrinsic energies into usable forms remains unexplored. Here, we proposed a novel motor based on composite TiO2‐Au nanowires (NWs), powered by a local electric field generated from ultra‐low ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, to serve as an interactive bioelectric interface with a neural cell. Under a light field, the NW motor achieved highly controllable motion in biological environments and reached the targeted neuronal retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) with notable precision. Next, the locally generated electric field was utilized as an electrical stimulus to activate the targeted cell through the calcium ion channel. This is the first study to report on the photoelectric conversion capabilities of a motor being used to provide propulsion force and interactive cues in a biosystem. This motor‐based strategy represents a new approach for the precise and non‐invasive delivery of bioelectrical signals and neuronal activity modulation.
Effective Eradication of Tumors by Enhancing Photoacoustic‐Imaging‐Guided Combined Photothermal Therapy and Ultrasonic Therapy
Authors: Xu Caina , Wang Yanbing , Wang Erlei , Yan Nan , Sheng Shu , Chen Jie , Lin Lin , Guo Zhaopie , Tian Huayu , Chen Xuesi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExploiting a comprehensive strategy that processes diagnosis and therapeutic functions is desired for eradicating tumors. In this study, two versatile nanoparticles are introduced: one is polyethylene glycol‐ and polyethyleneimine‐modified gold nanorods (mPEG–PEI–AuNRs), and the other is formed by electrostatic interactions between mPEG–PEI and calcium carbonate nanoparticles (mPEG–PEI/CaNPs). These two nanoparticles possess following favorable properties: 1) mPEG–PEI–AuNRs and mPEG–PEI/CaNPs show not only high cell uptake in acidic tumoral pH, but also efficient accumulation in tumors with prolonged circulation. 2) mPEG–PEI/CaNPs can generate carbon dioxide (CO2) bubbles in acidic tumoral environment and the photoacoustic (PA) signals from mPEG–PEI–AuNRs can be enhanced with the generation of CO2 bubbles. 3) The tumors can be eradicated by combining photothermal therapy (PTT) with ultrasonic therapy (UST) under the near‐infrared (NIR) laser and ultrasonic irradiation with the presence of mPEG–PEI–AuNRs and CO2 bubbles from mPEG–PEI/CaNPs. The detailed evaluation of cellular uptake, photothermal property of mPEG–PEI–AuNRs, CO2 bubbles’ generation from mPEG–PEI/CaNPs, imaging, and combined PTT and UST are carried out in vitro or in vivo. This work has great potential usage for diagnosis and treatment in the future.
Thermodynamics and Dynamics of Supercritical Water Pseudo‐Boiling
Authors: Maxim Florentina , Karalis Konstantinos , Boillat Pierre , Banuti Daniel T. , Marquez Damian Jose Ignacio , Niceno Bojan , Ludwig Christian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSupercritical fluid pseudo‐boiling (PB), recently brought to the attention of the scientific community, is the phenomenon occurring when fluid changes its structure from liquid‐like (LL) to gas‐like (GL) states across the Widom line. This work provides the first quantitative analysis on the thermodynamics and the dynamics of water's PB, since the understanding of this phase transition is mandatory for the successful implementation of technologies using supercritical water (scH2O) for environmental, energy, and nanomaterial applications. The study combines computational techniques with in situ neutron imaging measurements. The results demonstrate that, during isobaric heating close to the critical point, while water density drops by a factor of three in the PB transitional region, the system needs >16 times less energy to increase its temperature by 1 K than to change its structure from LL to GL phase. Above the PB‐Widom line, the structure of LL water consists mainly of tetramers and trimers, while below the line mostly dimers and monomers form in the GL phase. At atomic level, the PB dynamics are similar to those of the subcritical water vaporization. This fundamental knowledge has great impact on water science, as it helps to establish the structure–properties relationship of scH2O.
Introductory biology undergraduate students' mixed ideas about genetic information flow
Authors: Uhl Juli D. , Sripathi Kamali N. , Saldanha Jenifer N. , Moscarella Rosa A. , Merrill John , Urban‐Lurain Mark , Haudek Kevin C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe core concept of genetic information flow was identified in recent calls to improve undergraduate biology education. Previous work shows that students have difficulty differentiating between the three processes of the Central Dogma (CD; replication, transcription, and translation). We built upon this work by developing and applying an analytic coding rubric to 1050 student written responses to a three‐question item about the CD. Each response was previously coded only for correctness using a holistic rubric. Our rubric captures subtleties of student conceptual understanding of each process that previous work has not yet captured at a large scale. Regardless of holistic correctness scores, student responses included five or six distinct ideas. By analyzing common co‐occurring rubric categories in student responses, we found a common pair representing two normative ideas about the molecules produced by each CD process. By applying analytic coding to student responses preinstruction and postinstruction, we found student thinking about the processes involved was most prone to change. The combined strengths of analytic and holistic rubrics allow us to reveal mixed ideas about the CD processes and provide a detailed picture of which conceptual ideas students draw upon when explaining each CD process.
Front‐end corn germ separation: Process variations and effects on downstream products recovery and quality
Authors: Mohammadi Shad Zeinab , Venkitasamy Chandrasekar , Lamsal Buddhi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe popularity of grain‐based ethanol production, especially via dry‐grind bioethanol from corn and subsequent accumulation of low‐value coproducts, especially dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), has emphasized the need to add value to the process by recovering different corn components for potential food, feed, and industrial applications prior to ethanol fermentation.FindingsModification in corn processing, including the fractionation process, has manifested in variation in product yield such as ethanol. However, the value‐added products thus obtained boost their quality, potentially increasing the profitability of dry‐grind corn ethanol process. Corn oil, being the most valuable corn component, presents itself as an attractive candidate for front‐end and tail‐end separation of germs. Although the corn oil does not take part in starch fermentation into ethanol, the implication of the front‐end degermination in dry‐grind corn process on downstream product recovery is an essential consideration in bioethanol yield. Process improvement has taken a further step to increase the ethanol yield and rate by processing alpha‐amylase corn, providing critical nutrients and superior yeast.ConclusionsCorn ethanol production, quality of coproducts, germ separation, and oil recovery have been enhanced with component recovery either before or after fermentation. However, the economic aspects of the corn bioprocessing advancements need to be further evaluated for commercial implications.Significance and noveltyThis review summarizes the current knowledge about the significant corn processing methods. It critically reviews germ fractionation, its role in the processing parameters, and the potential for increased value‐added products such as corn oil.
Protecting‐Group‐Free Total Synthesis and Biological Investigation of Cabucine Oxindole A†
Authors: Xie Shengling , Ning Chengqing , Yu Qingzhen , Hou Jieping , Xu Jing 
Published: December 2020

Main observation and conclusionOwing to their challenging structures and promising biological profiles, spirooxindole alkaloids have long attracted much attention from the synthetic community. Herein, we wish to describe a concise, protecting‐group‐free total synthesis of cabucine oxindole A, a putative natural spirooxindole alkaloid and a possible biosynthetic congener of cabucine and palmirine. Key transformations of our approach include a one‐step, organocatalytic and enantioselective construction of the spiro[pyrrolidine‐3,3’‐oxindole] moiety and a Korte rearrangement to furnish the final dihydropyran motif. Biological investigation of 1 and its synthetic intermediates revealed lactone 2 as a mild MOLT‐4 and MCF7 cell line inhibitor.
Tracking snowmelt to jump the green wave: phenological drivers of migration in a northern ungulate
Authors: Laforge Michel P. , Bonar Maegwin , Vander Wal Eric 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn northern climates, spring is a time of rapid environmental change: for migrating terrestrial animals, melting snow facilitates foraging and travel, and newly emergent vegetation provides a valuable nutritional resource. These changes result in selection on the timing of important life‐history events such as migration and parturition occurring when high‐quality resources are most abundant. We examined the timing of female caribou (Rangifer tarandus, n = 94) migration and parturition in five herds across 7 yr in Newfoundland, Canada, as a function of two measures of environmental change—snowmelt and vegetation green‐up. We generated resource selection functions to test whether caribou selected for areas associated with snowmelt and green‐up during migration and following calving. We found that caribou migrated approximately 1 wk prior to snowmelt, with the flush of emergent vegetation occurring during the weeks following parturition. The results indicate that caribou “jump” the green wave of emergent forage and do so by tracking the receding edge of melting snow, likely reducing movement and foraging costs related to snow cover. Our research further broadens the ecological scope of resource tracking in animals. We demonstrate that resource tracking extends beyond resources directly related to foraging to those related to movement. We also show that snowmelt provides an environmental cue that may provide a buffer against changing environmental conditions.
A Facile Transition Metal‐Free Ionic Liquid [BMIM]OH Mediated Regio‐ and Stereoselective Hydrocarboxylation of Alkynylnitriles
Authors: Kumari Chandresh , Goswami Avijit 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report an efficient and straight forward access to nitrile substituted enol esters via ionic liquid [BMIM]OH mediated hydrocarboxylation of alkynylnitriles under mild conditions. This atom economical transition metal‐free protocol gives an easy access to a variety of such enol esters with excellent regio and Z‐stereoselectivity. Reusability of [BMIM]OH without losing of significant amount of yield is another noticeable feature of this article.
Exposure and Recovery of the Gulf Toadfish (Opsanus beta) to Weathered Deepwater Horizon Slick Oil: Impacts on Liver and Blood Endpoints
Authors: Alloy Matthew M. , Cartolano Maria C. , Sundaram Rumya , Plotnikova Anastasiya , McDonald M. Danielle 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants that can be responsible for a variety of deleterious effects on organisms. These adverse outcomes are relatively well studied, but at concentrations rarely found in the environment. Among the documented effects of sublethal acute PAH exposure are reductions in osmoregulatory capacity and immune function, and changes in the function of critical metabolic organs such as the liver. Gulf toadfish (Opsanus beta) were exposed to control seawater (0.006 µg tPAH50/L) or water accommodated fractions of Deepwater Horizon spill oil diluted to 3 flow-through exposure regimes (0.009, 0.059, and 2.82 µg tPAH50/L) for 7 d, with a recovery period of equal duration. We hypothesized that these chronic exposures would induce the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-mediated pathways and result in significant impacts on markers of osmoregulatory, immune, and metabolic function. We further hypothesized that measurable reversal of these impacts would be observed during the recovery period. Our results indicate that activation of cytochrome P 450 (CYP)1A1 was achieved during exposure and reversed during the recovery phase. The only significant deviations from controls measured were a reduction in plasma glucose in fish exposed to medium and high levels of PAH after 7 d of exposure and a reduction in plasma osmolality fish exposed to high levels of PAHs after 7 d of recovery, when CYP1A1 messenger (m)RNA levels had returned to control levels. Our study illustrates a disconnect between the activation of CYP1A1 in response to environmentally realistic PAHs concentrations and several physiological endpoints and supports the idea that the AhR might not be associated with mediating osmoregulatory, immune, and metabolic changes in Gulf toadfish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1075–1086. © 2020 SETAC
Forecasting value at risk and conditional value at risk using option market data
Authors: Molino Annalisa , Sala Carlo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe forecast monthly value at risk (VaR) and conditional value at risk (CVaR) using option market data and four different econometric techniques. Independent from the econometric approach used, all models produce quick to estimate forward‐looking risk measures that do not depend from the amount of historical data used and that, through the implied moments of options, better reflect the ever‐changing market scenario. All proposed option‐based approaches outperform or are equally good to different “traditional” forecasts that use historical returns as input. The extensive robustness of our results shows that the real driver of the better forecasts is the use of option market data as inputs for the analysis, more than the type of econometric approach implemented.
Isolation and yield optimization of lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis Z‐14 active against wheat take‐all caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici
Authors: Zhang Xuechao , Chen Xiaomeng , Qiao Xinlei , Fan Xuerui , Huo Xiaoyi , Zhang Dongdong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWheat take‐all, caused by the soil‐borne fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, is one of the major constraints on wheat production worldwide. Bacillus subtilis Z‐14 exerts significant biocontrol activity against wheat take‐all, and lipopeptide antibiotics are the main antifungal substances. Herein, lipopeptide antibiotics C14–C15 iturin A, C14–C16 fengycin A, and C15–C17 fengycin B from B. subtilis Z‐14 culture filtrates were separated and identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, and mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, respectively. The optimal medium components for Z‐14 lipopeptide antibiotic production were 3.85 g/L corn flour, 1.57 g/L soybean meal, 0.03 g/L FeSO4·7H2O, 0.2 g/L NaH2PO4·2H2O, and 0.4 g/L Na2HPO4·2H2O. Quantification analysis by high‐performance liquid chromatography showed that fengycins played a main role in antifungal activity against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed that lipopeptide synthesis genes fenD and ituC reached maximum expression levels after 48 h of fermentation. The strongest control of wheat take‐all by Z‐14 was achieved by adding 30 mL of culture filtrate per 350 g of soil in pot experiments, during which disease reduction reached 88.15%. This study provides theoretical support and a material basis for the prevention and treatment of wheat take‐all disease.