bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teoría crítica del derecho en Ignacio Ellacuría
Authors: Molina Araya Andrés 
Published: September 2020

El presente trabajo es un esfuerzo por construir una teoría crítica del derecho, a partir del pensamiento de Ignacio Ellacuría. Para ello, dialoga con algunas de las principales categorías teóricas elaboradas por el autor, y se pregunta, cómo estas contribuirían a tal esfuerzo.
Concluyendo, que una teoría crítica del derecho desde Ellacuría constituye una norma abierta, en diálogo y tensionada con las necesidades del proceso histórico; y principalmente, comprometida con la construcción de una sociedad capaz de suplir de las necesidades humanas, que el autor llamó: la civilización del trabajo.
Six-minute walk test in cardiac rehabilitation
Authors: Bubnova M. G. , Persiyanova-Dubrova A. L. 
Published: September 2020

Six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple and safe tool for assessing exercise tolerance in various categories of patients. Currently, 6MWT is used to assess the functional status of a patient and determine the strategy of increasing physical activity, primarily in patients with reduced exercise tolerance and contraindications for cardiopulmonary exercise test. The basic requirements for the 6MWT are presented, taking into account the factors affecting its informativeness and accuracy, as well as the interpretation of results. The diagnostic and prognostic value of 6MWT in different categories of patients are discussed. The prospects for 6MWT use in cardiac rehabilitation for planning rehabilitation program, prescribing exercises, determining the risk of complications, and evaluating the effectiveness are considered. The limitations of 6MWT and ways to overcome it, as well as directions for further research are presented.
VASCULAR MECHANISMS OF TRITERPENOID SAPONINS ISOLATED FROM Passiflora quadrangularis L.
Authors: Guerrero Pabón Mario Francisco , Bareño Lesly L , Puebla Pilar , San Feliciano Arturo 
Published: September 2020

Background: Passiflora quadrangularis L. has antihypertensive and anxiolytic properties observed in experimental models. Objectives: The aim of this work was to establish the vascular effects exerted by two known monodesmosidic triterpene saponins, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyloleanolic acid (Compound 1) (not previously described for this plant) and, 3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl] oleanolic acid (Compound 2), isolated from the ethanolic extract of Passiflora quadrangularis L. leaves. Methods: The structural elucidation was achieved by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS). Aortic rings from Wistar rats, previously stimulated with phenylephrine (PE, 1µM) and washed, were exposed to cumulatively concentrations of compound 1 and compound 2 (10 to 400 µM). Ethanolic extract from leaves of P. quadrangularis L. (10 to 320 µg/mL) and clonidine (1nM to 100µM) were also used for comparison. Concentration-response curves of compounds 1 and 2 were examined in presence and absence of: endothelium, the alpha-2 antagonist yohimbine (1 and 100 µM), the alpha non-selective antagonist phentolamine (1µM), the alpha-1 antagonist prazosin (1µM) and the calcium channel blocker verapamil (10 and 100 µM). In addition, a cumulative response curve of acetylcholine (ACh, 10nM to 10µM) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 1nM to 100µM) were assayed in rings precontracted with compounds 1 and 2 (400 µM). Results: Compounds 1 and 2 elicited a vasoconstriction response in intact aorta rings in a similar way (pEC50: 3.92±0.01 and 4.09±0.01, respectively), the effect that did not change in denuded rings (pEC50: 3.90±0.01 and 4.11±0.01). The potency order (pEC50) of compounds 1 and 2 decreased according to the following: verapamil (3.53±0.01 and 3.90±0.02; p<0.05) < yohimbine (3.65±0.01 and 3.94±0.02; p<0.05) < prazosin (3.86±0.01 and 4.30±0.02) < phentolamine (4.05±0.02 and 4.05±0.01). SNP but not ACh, was able to decrease the vasopressor effect of compounds 1 and 2 (pIC50: 8.61±0.01 and 8.24 ± 0.15, respectively). Conclusions: Compounds 1 and 2 are key metabolites responsible for the ex vivo vasoconstrictor response induced by P. quadrangularis L. Activation of voltage-dependent calcium channels and/or α2-adrenergic receptors stimulation could be mechanisms implicated.
PERAMALAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN TAHUN 2017 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA DENGAN METODE ARCH-GARCH
Authors: Wijaya John Henry , Nugraha Nugi Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine how the forecasting of banking stock performance in 2017 is measured weekly using the ARCH-GARCH method. There were 43 registered banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, but only 39 companies used as the research sample based on data completeness. The ARCH-GARCH method was used in the forecasting process. Results showed that the value of the mean absolute per cent error was 8.52% or below 10%. Therefore, the ARCH-GARCH method was quite good at predicting the performance of the banking sector. With a high level of complexity, the ARCH-GARCH method could provide a more realistic description than other methods to help investors make decisions. The banking sector tends to experience a downturn. Thus, it would be better for investors to hold back the intention to invest in banking stocks unless they are the risk-takers.
Keywords: ARCH-GARCH, banking sector, stock performance
KETIDAKPASTIAN KEBIJAKAN EKONOMI CHINA DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
Authors: Wilantari Regina Niken , Oktaviana Faradilla , Santoso Edy , Yunitasari Duwi 
Published: September 2020

Global economic policy uncertainty will influence economic stability among countries integrated into international trade. The trade war between America and China has affected the weakening of macroeconomic indicators in developing countries, one of which is Indonesia. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of China's economic policy uncertainty and macroeconomic indicators, i.e., inflation, investment, and Brent oil price, on Indonesia's economic growth. Research data were secondary time series data taken from the Q1 2009-Q4 2018 quarterly period. The method of analysis used is the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Results showed that in the long run, the uncertainty of China's economic policy and Brent oil price could negatively influence Indonesia's economic growth. On the other hand, inflation, in the long run, had a positive and significant influence on Indonesia's economic growth. Meanwhile, investment did not have a significant influence on Indonesia's economic growth.
Keywords: economic growth, uncertainty of economic policy, Vector Error Correction Model
OPTIMASI KUALITAS KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN PADA PROSES ELECTROPLATING MATERIAL SS400 MENGGUNAKAN METODE TAGUCHI
Authors: Hartono Mohammad , Basuki Hari Arbiantara , Sanata Andi 
Published: September 2020

Quality of product in various industries, especially in metal industry is the most attention so the product can compete and attract consumers. Surface roughness is one of the demand that must be fulfilled because it can be the initiation of cracks, especially when material receives recurring and fluctuating loading. Therefore, low surface roughness can produce a product with longer lifespan material. The goal of this study is to determine the most optimal combination of electroplating process with factors variety of voltage (volts), temperature (℃), and time of immersion (minutes) to produce a low values of surface roughness. This study uses an experimental design with Taguchi method. Contribution factors of control that produce the surface roughness values ​​were influenced significantly by control factor voltage (volts) amounted to 77.31% with an average roughness value of 1.29 μm. This is due to the increase in voltage which causes the deposition of electrolyte ions which is faster in the deposition structure of the specimen. Where as other control factors were not effected significantly on the temperature control factor amounted to 4.85% with an average roughness value of 1,32 μm. These results are possible because the temperature variations used (40℃ to 50℃) are still within the optimum operating temperature. And the other control factors is immersion time amounted to 10.13% with an average roughness value of 1,32. The result ware obtained because the length of coating time affected the quantity of deposition of nickel ions on the surface of the specimen. The result of optimal condition is the voltage level 2 (6 volts), the temperature at level 2 (45℃), and the immersion time at level 3 (25 minutes).
PENENTUAN PREMI TUNGGAL BERSIH ASURANSI JIWA BERJANGKA BERDASARKAN STATUS MULTIPLE DECREMENT
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Lestia Aprida Siska , Sukmawaty Yuana 
Published: September 2020

Insurance is an attempt of risk diversion by the insured person to the insurance company. The risk is referred to the future event that will potentially cause a financial loss. Based on many risk factors,the status of insurance was divided into a single decrement and a multiple decrement. In single decrement, the only factor caused benefit payment is death, while in multiple decrement there is more than one factors caused benefit payment. As a consequence, beside the random variable of time until termination , there is another random variable appears that is the cause of decrement . The aim of this study was to describe the development process of a multiple decrement table and determine net single premium based on multiple decrement status. This study was conducted by describing the construction process of components in the multiple decrement table using joint distribution and marginal distribution for each random variable. This study is a various equation for constructing a multiple decrement table was obtained. That probability equation was also used to form the net single premium equation of term insurance based on multiple decrement status by using probability function of time until termination and cause of termination. Keywords: Term Insurance, Multiple Decrement, Net Single Premium
Imam Zarkasyi’s Modernization of Pesantren in Indonesia (A Case Study of Darussalam Gontor)
Authors: Zarkasyi Hamid Fahmy 
Published: September 2020

<p>This paper aimed at elaborating Imam Zarkasyi’s thought and practices in modernizing the traditional Islamic education called <em>Pesantren.</em> The method employed for this study is descriptive and explanatory research. The data is collected from documents such as books, research article and brochure, and from author observation from time to time. This paper identifies that the educational thought and experiences of Imam Zarkasyi as well as his religious inclination played an important role in his modernization of <em>pesantren</em>. The research also found that Imam Zarkasyi’s thought and practices in modernizing <em>Pesantren </em>system started from his serious observation and evaluation as well as his appreciation of traditional <em>pesantren</em> and <em>madrasah</em> system of education. The step taken by Imam Zarkasyi to modernize the education system was by integrating <em>pesantren</em> and <em>madrasah</em> system. In modernizing curriculum Imam Zarkasyi integrated the formal, non-formal and informal education utilizing <em>pesantren</em> environment. Students are taught not only subjects on religion and general sciences in the classroom, but also obtaining morality, mental and job skill education and other values in <em>pesantren</em> tradition within a well-designed informal and non-formal education. Finally, to ensure the sustainability of <em>pesantren</em> Imam Zarkasyi changed the status of <em>Pesantren</em> institution from personal ownership into public property by way <em>Waqf. </em>The thought had been practically implemented successfully in secondary level and now the <em>Waqf</em> Board started to implement the practice at university level.</p>
Localized or Regional? Urban Housing Policy Spillover in China’s Urban Agglomerations 2010–2018
Authors: Li Xiangfei , Han Hongli , Sun Minghan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpatio-temporal model and event analysis were integrated in this paper, with 156 prefecture level cities’ housing transaction data and 167 items policies proposed by 10 central cities between January, 2010 and December, 2018 as samples. This paper studied the regional and cross-regional spillover effects of central cities’ urban housing regulation policies to the peripheral cities in the scope of urban agglomerations, as well as the policy-driven interactions of different regional real estate markets. The results indicated that: China’s regional housing market has obvious characteristics of policy orientation, of which the regulation measures on some central cities can affect the residential market and produce certain spillover interference on the market fluctuations of peripheral cities in time and space dimension. When geographical factor was considered, the 10 central cities had different degree of policy spillover effects caused by distinct policy types in their respective urban agglomerations. When ignoring spatial factors, restrictive policies in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhengzhou, Xi’an, Wuhan and Shenzhen had significant cross-regional spillover effects and drove the surrounding housing markets to have geared interactions, which to a certain extent revealed the flowing way of population and wealth in China’s regional economy during the past dozen years.
Microplastics pollution in China water ecosystems: a review of the abundance, characteristics, fate, risk and removal
Authors: Tang Shuyuan , Gao Ling , Gao Hongze , Chen Zongshi , Zou Donglei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Microplastics pollution has been a focus for researchers in recent years worldwide, for the large quantities of plastics in production and the resistance to degradation. China's microplastics pollution attracts much attention because of its long coastline, large population and rapid economic development. This review addresses the widespread microplastics pollution in China's water ecosystems through available research results from recent years and analyses the abundance, characteristics, fate and risk of microplastics. This paper also discusses the current treatment technology of microplastics. The conclusions show that estuaries are severely affected by microplastics pollution; the accumulation of microplastics and adsorption of contaminants by microplastics could also lead to serious risks besides ingestion; there are few technologies that can efficiently remove microplastics pollution in sewage treatment plants. Finally, this review suggests directions for future research trends.
Uso de hábitats y recursos florales de Chalybura buffonii caeruleogaster (Aves: Trochilidae) en un sector del piedemonte llanero, Villavicencio, Colombia
Authors: Morales González Oscar Eduardo , Peñuela-Díaz Gerson , Carvajal-Cogollo Juan E. 
Published: September 2020

El colibrí Chalybura buffonii caeruleogaster es una subespecie de cuya ecología se conoce poco, incluidos aspectos tróficos. Por esto se buscó aportar al conocimiento de uso de hábitats y especies vegetales usadas como alimento por C. b. caeruleogaster. Con ese fin se realizaron muestreos de marzo a septiembre de 2018 en las épocas secas y de lluvia en localidades del piedemonte llanero. Se obtuvieron registros de 16 individuos adultos, 10 machos y seis hembras, de los cuales 11 se observaron en la época de lluvias, y cinco, en la época seca. Los hábitats más usados fueron el tejido urbano, la vegetación secundaria y el mosaico de cultivos. Asimismo, se registraron 10 especies que formaron el recurso floral de C. b. caeruleogaster, entre las que se incluyen plantas ornamentales y nativas de la región. Esto brinda información sobre el aprovechamiento de recursos generalizados por parte de la especie. Los resultados expuestos aportan al conocimiento de la ecología de la especie (subespecie), de su carácter elusivo y del potencial de amplitud de su espectro dietario. Se propone como recomendación evaluar los procesos y mecanismos ecológicos que moldean el tamaño poblacional (su rareza o carácter elusivo) y la capacidad de detección en ambientes naturales.
First Language Phonological Acquisition by a Two Years Old Mandailing Child
Authors: Iskandar Wildan , Sihombing Lince , Tampubolon D.P. 
Published: September 2020

This study focused on describing: (1) what phones are acquired by a two years old Mandailing child. (2) how a two years old Mandailing child acquires the phonology production. (3) how the phonological productions of the words acquired by a two years old Mandailing child. A qualitative research was applied. The findings indicated that kinds of word are noun, adjective, verb and adverb and the most aspect of phonology found in this study is noun. The subject acquired the words through interaction with his family and sometimes used body language when he talked with his parents. The phonological production of the words acquired by the subject with several processes out of the twelve processes. Based on the findings, there are some suggestions: (1) Parents have to guide his child in learning to communicate as good as possible in order to the child can communicate well and effectively with other people in his environment, (2) In order to make a good communication and conversation, it is suggested to make approach to the child’s behaviors and habitual, (3) If parents want their child can acquire words well, they have to introduce words well and also guide him to pronounce it every day when they talk with him. Keywords: Child; Language Acquisition; and Phonology
Language Policy of Bilingual Family Towards Children’s Word Production
Authors: Lumbanbatu Ira Maria Fran , Sumarsih Sumarsih , Sihombing Lince 
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study are to investigate the way the bilingual families decide their own language policy through the components of language policy, the way the parents apply language policy to succeed their children words production, and to find out the factors why the parents apply the language policy the way they are. This research applied qualitative approach by phenomenology term through observation, questionnaire and in–depth interview. The research findings showed that bilingual families use the components of language policy namely language ideology, language practice and language management. Mostly parents considered language ideology and language management. Otherwise, language practice were not applied by them completely, it can be seen through language that their children use will be different with what the parents have expected. Language policy is applied in family by practicing the language directly. There are some influences that make the parents practice the language directly, namely: influences of outside home and there is no balance guidance of practicing language between mother and father. Factors that support parents in conducting language policy are intermarriage, maintaining the language particularly tribal language, the position of language using in formal context such as school and the position of language which is used in their environment. Keywords: Bilingual families; Language policy; and Word Production.
The Effect of Teaching Strategies and Cognitive Style on Reading Comprehension
Authors: Napitupulu Marlin Helentina , Sihombing Lince , Sibarani Berlin 
Published: September 2020

The objectives of this study were to examine whether (1) the students’ achievement on reading comprehension taught by using CSR Strategy is higher than that of taught by using REAP Strategy, (2) reading comprehension achievement of reflective cognitive style is higher than reading comprehension achievement of impulsive cognitive style, and (3) there is interaction between teaching strategies and cognitive styles on students’ achievement on reading comprehension. This study was conducted by using experimental research with factorial design 2X2. The data were analyzed by using Two-Way ANOVA. Based on the analysis, there were found that (1) CSR and REAP strategy significantly affect students’ achievement on reading comprehension, students’ achievement on reading comprehension taught by using CSR is higher than that of the students’ taught by using REAP; (2)the achievement on reading comprehension of the students with reflective cognitive style is higher than that of the students with impulsive cognitive style; and (3) there is an interaction between teaching strategies and cognitive style on students’ reading comprehension achievement. It showed that students who read with reflective cognitive style got higher result than students who read with impulsive cognitive style if they were taught by CSR, and students who read with reflective cognitive style got higher result than students who read with impulsive reflective style if they were taught by REAP. Key words: cognitive style; reading comprehension; and teaching strategies
Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates
Authors: Zati Vidya Dwi Amalia , Sumarsih Sumarsih , Sihombing Lince 
Published: September 2020

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances. Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts
Acehnese’s Attitude in Using Vernacular through Hadih Maja in Banda Aceh
Authors: Gusti Erwina , Ginting Siti Aisah 
Published: September 2020

This study explains Acehnese’s Attitude in using vernacular through Hadih Maja in Banda Aceh. The objectives of this study are (1) to describe the kinds of language attitude used by adolescents in using vernacular in Banda Aceh; (2) to investigate the behavior of the adolescents when they are using their vernacular; (3) to explain the process of the adolescents use the conserved Hadih Maja as representative in using their vernacular. This qualitative research selected 30 Acehnese adolescents who lived in Banda Aceh taken by purposive random sampling. Questionnairre was used to collect the data of Acehnese adolescents’ language attitude towards their vernacular. Interview was used to collect the data of the adolescents’ reasons in using their vernacular. Transcription of Acehnese adolescents’ conversation from audio recorder was used to get the data of the attitude by Acehnese adolescents. The data were analyzed by using interactive model by Moeleong. This research found that: (1) the adolescents used negative attitude in using vernacular in Banda Aceh; (2) they showed negative attitude in using vernacular because irresponsibility toward vernacular based on the philosophy of Hadih Maja; (3) and they used Hadih Maja in certain situation namely, wedding ceremony and traditional art program because their awareness to conserve it as their representative in using their vernacular. Keywords: language attitude, Acehnese vernacular, Hadih Maja