bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocontrol ability and action mechanism of dihydromaltophilin against Colletotrichum fructicola causing anthracnose of pear fruit
Authors: Li Chaohui , Tang Bao , Cao Shulin , Bao Yan , Sun Weibo , Zhao Yancun , Liu Fengquan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnthracnose caused by Colletotrichum fructicola is one of the most important diseases in pear fruit, resulting in huge economic losses. Public awareness of protecting the environment and food safety, together with pathogen resistance to many key fungicides have led to an urgent need to develop alternative strategies for controlling fruit diseases. Here, the antifungal activity of a natural product, dihydromaltophilin [heat‐stable antifungal factor (HSAF)], against C. fructicola in vitro and in vivo was investigated to determine its efficacy for anthracnose management.RESULTSHSAF exhibited pronounced antifungal activity against in vitro mycelial growth of C. fructicola, with a half‐inhibition concentration of 0.43 mg L−1. Hyphae treated with HSAF showed defects such as hyperbranching, swelling and depolarized growth. Conidia germination in the pathogen was inhibited by HSAF in a dose‐dependent manner. In the presence of 4 mg L−1 HSAF, conidia germination was significantly delayed, and germ tube growth was inhibited. HSAF at 8 mg L−1 completely blocked conidia germination in C. fructicola. In addition, HSAF disrupted coordination of cytokinesis with growth and nuclear division, induced reactive oxygen species production in conidia, and damaged the integrity of the conidia cell wall. Moreover, an in vivo test confirmed that 50 mg L−1 HSAF significantly reduced the development of anthracnose decay in pear fruit caused by C. fructicola.CONCLUSIONHSAF was highly effective in reducing pear anthracnose caused by C. fructicola and has great potential to become a new type of fruit preservative.
The regional model‐based Mesoscale Ensemble Prediction System, MEPS, at the Japan Meteorological Agency
Authors: Ono Kosuke , Kunii Masaru , Honda Yuki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe regional model‐based Mesoscale Ensemble Prediction System (MEPS) has been operational since June 2019 at the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). The primary objective of the newly operational MEPS is to provide uncertainty information for JMA's operational regional model, Mesoscale Model (MSM), which provides information to support disaster prevention and aviation safety. This article describes MEPS in detail and discusses issues to be addressed in the future. For effective evaluation of uncertainties in MSM, the forecast model in MEPS is configured in the same way as that in MSM, except for the initial and lateral boundary conditions. Initial perturbations for all 20 ensemble runs are generated by a linear combination of singular vectors (SVs) with three different spatial and temporal resolutions, with the aim of capturing multi‐scale uncertainties in the initial conditions simultaneously. The SVs from a global model are also used as lateral boundary perturbations to ensure consistency between the initial and boundary conditions of each ensemble member. The verification results showed that MEPS achieved the expected performance of an ensemble prediction system: the ensemble mean outperformed the control forecast with a good spread–skill relationship; moreover, the skill scores of probabilistic precipitation forecasts were evaluated as valid for rainfall of up to 30 mm·(3 hr)−1. In an additional experiment conducted without using the two smaller‐scale initial perturbations, the skill was substantially reduced compared with that of the original MEPS, especially for larger precipitation thresholds. Therefore, the smaller‐scale perturbations were essential to capture uncertainties associated with local heavy rainfall events.
Machine learning lattice parameters of monoclinic double perovskites
Authors: Zhang Yun , Xu Xiaojie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMonoclinic double perovskites, such as A2B′B″O6, exhibit a wide range of unique electronic, magnetic, and optical properties, depending on the alloying elements, ordering, and lattice distortion. Four lattice constants, a, b, c, and β, can vary due to the ionic radii of alloying elements, which represent the compression, expansion, and tilting of octahedra in the crystal structure. In the current study, we develop the Gaussian process regression model to shed light on relationships between effective ionic radii and lattice constants for monoclinic double perovskites. The model is highly accurate and stable, contributing to fast, low‐cost estimations of lattice constants.
Developing a tool for process‐oriented appraisals and rewards: Design science research
Authors: Shafagatova Aygun , Van Looy Amy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile business process management (BPM) has become a recognized discipline, managers are still challenged to achieve an appropriate alignment between BPM their BPM needs and other management practices in the organization. Specifically, the aligned behavior and performance of employees and teams are crucial to reap the full benefits of BPM. To help managers face such alignment challenges, we have developed a qualitative decision support tool, called “process‐oriented appraisals and rewards” (POAR), by combining design‐science research with a strong qualitative approach. Our study contributes to the BPM and human resource management (HRM) disciplines by extending multifaceted knowledge, while also offering a practical tool for managers to support their decision making regarding a BPM‐HRM alignment.
Modification of Starches with Different Amylose/Amylopectin Ratios Using the Dual Approach with Hydroxypropylation and Subsequent Acid‐Thinning: II. Impacts on Gelatinization and Solution Properties
Authors: Ulbrich Marco , Flöter Eckhard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStarches with different amylose (AM)/amylopectin (AP) ratios (waxy potato: WxPS; regular potato: PS; high AM corn: HACS) are hydroxypropylated (HP, two levels) and subsequently acid‐thinned (AT) to produce dual‐modified samples. The physicochemical characteristics and techno‐functional properties of the solutions are investigated, and the data are evaluated statistically (analysis of variance). Differential scanning calorimetry gelatinization experiments reveal a reduction of the transition temperatures particularly due to HP. The subsequent AT decreases the specific enthalpy significantly. HACS samples have lower solubility (S) compared to their potato‐based counterparts (WxPS and PS), but HP enhances the starch's S. The S of the AP of the HACS samples is comparatively high, and HP particularly facilitates the additional solubilization of AM. Dual‐modified samples show characteristics of S similar to the corresponding HP samples. Or particular note, the HP‐modified WxPS and PS, respectively, tend to cause molecular degradation of the polymers dissolved. The hot paste viscosity is impacted significantly by all varied factors.
Safety and efficacy of smart tracheal occlusion device in diaphragmatic hernia lamb model
Authors: Basurto D. , Sananès N. , Bleeser T. , Valenzuela I. , De Leon N. , Joyeux L. , Verbeken E. , Vergote S. , Van der Veeken L. , Russo F. M. , Deprest J. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of the ‘smart’ tracheal occlusion (Smart‐TO) device in fetal lambs with diaphragmatic hernia (DH).MethodsDH was created in fetal lambs on gestational day 70 (term, 145 days). Fetuses were allocated to either pregnancy continuation until term (DH group) or fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (TO), performed using the Smart‐TO balloon on gestational day 97 (DH + TO group). On gestational day 116, the presence of the balloon was confirmed on ultrasound, then the ewe was walked around a 3.0‐Tesla magnetic resonance scanner for balloon deflation, which was confirmed by ultrasound immediately afterwards. At term, euthanasia was performed and the fetus retrieved. Efficacy of occlusion was assessed by the lung‐to‐body‐weight ratio (LBWR) and lung morphometry. Safety parameters included tracheal side effects assessed by morphometry and balloon location after deflation. The unoccluded DH lambs served as a comparator.ResultsSix fetuses were included in the DH group and seven in the DH + TO group. All balloons deflated successfully and were expelled spontaneously from the airways. In the DH + TO group, in comparison to controls, the LBWR at birth was significantly higher (1.90 (interquartile range (IQR), 1.43–2.55) vs 1.07 (IQR, 0.93–1.46); P = 0.005), while on lung morphometry, the alveolar size was significantly increased (mean linear intercept, 47.5 (IQR, 45.6–48.1) vs 41.9 (IQR, 38.8–46.1) μm; P = 0.03); whereas airway complexity was lower (mean terminal bronchiolar density, 1.56 (IQR, 1.0–1.81) vs 2.23 (IQR, 2.14–2.40) br/mm2; P = 0.005). Tracheal changes on histology were minimal in both groups, but more noticeable in fetal lambs that underwent TO than in unoccluded lambs (tracheal score, 2 (IQR, 1–3) vs 0 (0–1); P = 0.03).ConclusionsIn fetal lambs with DH, TO using the Smart‐TO balloon is effective and safe. Occlusion can be reversed non‐invasively and the deflated intact balloon expelled spontaneously from the fetal upper airways. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Occurrence and characteristics of Escherichia coli mcr‐1‐like in rabbits in Shandong, China
Authors: Wang Xinxing , Zhai Zhenzhen , Zhao Xiaonan , Zhang Hongna , Jiang Hanming , Wang Xuepeng , Wang Hairong , Chang Weishan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolymyxin is regarded as the last retort to fight against multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae. The emergency and spread of polymyxin‐associated resistance gene mcr‐1 evoked great panic of no medicine to cure the bacterial infection in society. mcr‐1 is widespread in domestic and wild animals. Therefore, continuous monitoring of its prevalence and characteristics is required. In this study, we used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based method to detect the mcr‐1 of Escherichia coli isolated from rabbits of Tai'an, China, and determined the characteristics of mcr‐1‐bearing plasmids. A total of 55 non‐duplicated E. coli was recovered from the swabs of rabbit faeces. Plasmid profiling, plasmid and chromosome PCR, complete genome sequencing, a conjugation experiment, lactose fermentation experiment, multilocus sequence typing and polymyxin resistance tests were performed to determine the characteristics of mcr‐1‐bearing plasmids. 14.6% (8/55) of the specimens were mcr‐1 positive. The mcr‐1‐positive E. coli harboured more drug‐resistant genes compared with the mcr‐1‐negative specimens, and results showed four sequence types. Overall, these findings suggested the possible threat of the transmission of mcr‐1 from rabbits to humans, especially since the gene is located on transferable plasmids making horizontal transfer relatively easy. Since food‐producing animals are necessary for our daily diet, worldwide cooperation is needed in fighting the spread of this drug resistance gene to avoid human infections with MDR pathogenic bacteria.
Horizon radiation reaction forces
Authors: Goldberger Walter D. , Rothstein Ira Z. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Using Effective Field Theory (EFT) methods, we compute the effects of horizon dissipation on the gravitational interactions of relativistic binary black hole systems. We assume that the dynamics is perturbative, i.e it admits an expansion in powers of Newton’s constant (post-Minkowskian, or PM, approximation). As applications, we compute corrections to the scattering angle in a black hole collision due to dissipative effects to leading PM order, as well as the post-Newtonian (PN) corrections to the equations of motion of binary black holes in non-relativistic orbits, which represents the leading order finite size effect in the equations of motion. The methods developed here are also applicable to the case of more general compact objects, eg. neutron stars, where the magnitude of the dissipative effects depends on non-gravitational physics (e.g, the equation of state for nuclear matter).
Adverse perinatal outcomes among children in Switzerland: the impact of national origin and socio-economic group
Authors: Wanner Philippe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives
We examined the effect of the mother’s origin and socio-economic characteristics on adverse perinatal outcomes in Switzerland.

Methods
Births occurring from 2011 to 2017 were identified in the Swiss population register and merged with the Swiss civil register and the Register of the first pillar to obtain information on the migration origin and socio-economic level. Four indicators of adverse perinatal outcomes were defined.

Results
Logistic regressions show that both the migration origin and the socio-economic level are measured by the parents’ income, influence risk. Compared to the children of mothers born in Switzerland, those of mothers from EU/EFTA countries have a lower risk of infant mortality, low birth weight and extreme prematurity. The highest risk is observed for children born to mothers from the rest of the world. High levels of risk consistently characterize children with low-income parents (first decile).

Conclusions
Our results justify further investigations at the level of health services to better identify the factors causing differences in the prevalence of adverse outcomes and to take them into account in adapted health policies.
Insights into modification of lignocellulosic fillers with isophorone diisocyanate: structure, thermal stability and volatile organic compounds emission assessment
Authors: Hejna Aleksander , Marć Mariusz , Skórczewska Katarzyna , Szulc Joanna , Korol Jerzy , Formela Krzysztof 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study presents an analysis of the structure and properties of different types of lignocellulosic fillers modified by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) to provide insights into the possibility of their application to the manufacturing of wood polymer composites (WPCs). Moreover, it deals with the environmental aspects of modified fillers, by assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during modification, as well as from final products. Three types of commercially available lignocellulosic fillers were modified with different content of IPDI (from 1 to 15 wt%) using the internal mixer. The main compounds detected in the air during modifications were terpenes and terpenoids. No IPDI was detected, which is very beneficial considering its toxicity. On the other hand, IPDI was emitted from modified fillers at a slightly elevated temperature of 40 °C, which was associated with a significant rise in its vapor pressure. Successful modification of fillers was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Performed modifications of lignocellulosic fillers with IPDI had a relatively small impact on their particle size and color properties. Such an effect can be considered beneficial for the mechanical performance and appearance of WPCs, which could be potentially manufactured using IPDI-modified lignocellulosic fillers.
Influence of the beam oscillation pattern and oscillation frequency on the temperature field in laser brazing with keyhole formation
Authors: Henze I. , Woizeschke P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLaser keyhole brazing is an opportunity to increase the process efficiency in laser brazing processes. Using small spot sizes increases the intensity and leads to the formation of a vapour capillary (keyhole) in the brazing material when a material-specific threshold value is exceeded. Due to multiple reflections/absorptions of the laser beam in the keyhole, the process efficiency increases in comparison with conventional brazing processes with single Fresnel absorption on the surface, especially when using high-reflectivity braze materials, such as aluminium-based or copper-based alloys. The energy must be distributed adequately by applying beam oscillation transversal to the brazing direction. In laser brazing processes, the temperature field in the interface between brazing and substrate material is a major factor. To analyse the effect of beam oscillation, it is assumed in this study that the temperature distribution at the surface of the melt pool is a suitable approximation for the temperature distribution at the interface to the substrate. Two key parameters are defined to quantify the temperature field referring to the homogeneity: the temporal local temperature-time curve and the temperature distribution transverse to the brazing direction. While the oscillation frequency influences the first mentioned parameter by decreasing the time interval between the local laser passes, the oscillation pattern affects the second parameter by adjusting the local actual beam velocity and its consistency.
Nonlocal-to-Local Convergence of Cahn–Hilliard Equations: Neumann Boundary Conditions and Viscosity Terms
Authors: Davoli Elisa , Scarpa Luca , Trussardi Lara 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe consider a class of nonlocal viscous Cahn–Hilliard equations with Neumann boundary conditions for the chemical potential. The double-well potential is allowed to be singular (e.g. of logarithmic type), while the singularity of the convolution kernel does not fall in any available existence theory under Neumann boundary conditions. We prove well-posedness for the nonlocal equation in a suitable variational sense. Secondly, we show that the solutions to the nonlocal equation converge to the corresponding solutions to the local equation, as the convolution kernels approximate a Dirac delta. The asymptotic behaviour is analyzed by means of monotone analysis and Gamma convergence results, both when the limiting local Cahn–Hilliard equation is of viscous type and of pure type.
Changes in mineral composition of six strains of Pleurotus after substrate modifications with different share of nitrogen forms
Authors: Mleczek Mirosław , Gąsecka Monika , Budka Anna , Niedzielski Przemysław , Siwulski Marek , Kalač Pavel , Mleczek Patrycja , Rzymski Piotr 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe chemical characteristics of substrate are one the most significant factors influencing the growth and development of cultivated mushroom species. The aim of this study was to determine the mineral composition of six Pleurotus species (P. cistidiosus, P. djamor, P. ostreatus, P. ostreatus var. florida, P. pulmonarius and P. sajor-caju) growing on three wheat straw substrates with the addition of agricultural fertilizer rich in ammonium and with addition of salt solution rich in nitrates. Significant differences in the concentration of Al, Ca, Cu, Ir, Ni, Ru, Sn and Te were observed in all substrates used in this experiment. Cultivation on chemically-enriched substrates did not result in changes in yield with the exception of P. sajor-caju, which had a lower yield when grown on ammonium-rich substrate. No macroscopic alterations in fruit bodies were observed for any species regardless of the applied substrate. A higher concentration of selected elements was not correlated with their higher content in particular mushroom species, or such a relationship was present only in selected mushroom species. The efficiency of element accumulation depends on their concentration in the substrate (positive values of rs), although the mushroom species and the nitrogen form concentration may also have a significant impact (negative rs values). The obtained results show that cultivation of different Pleurotus strains on substrates enriched with a different share of ammonium and nitrate may cause changes in their mineral composition in spite of the similarity in the concentration of the majority elements in substrates.
Deformations and Homotopy Theory of Relative Rota–Baxter Lie Algebras
Authors: Lazarev Andrey , Sheng Yunhe , Tang Rong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe determine the$$L_\infty $$L∞-algebrathat controls deformations of a relative Rota–Baxter Lie algebra and show that it is an extension of the dg Lie algebra controlling deformations of the underlying$$\mathsf {Lie}\mathsf {Rep}$$LieRep pair by the dg Lie algebra controlling deformations of the relative Rota–Baxter operator. Consequently, we define thecohomologyof relative Rota–Baxter Lie algebras and relate it to their infinitesimal deformations. A large class of relative Rota–Baxter Lie algebras is obtained from triangular Lie bialgebras and we construct a map between the corresponding deformation complexes. Next, the notion of ahomotopyrelative Rota–Baxter Lie algebra is introduced. We show that a class of homotopy relative Rota–Baxter Lie algebras is intimately related topre-Lie$$_\infty $$∞-algebras.
Primary stability of calcar-guided short-stem total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: migration analysis using EBRA-FCA
Authors: Afghanyar Yama , Danckwardt Christoph , Schwieger Miriam , Felmeden Uwe , Drees Philipp , Dargel Jens , Rehbein Philipp , Kutzner Karl Philipp 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disabling condition that often results in secondary arthritis necessitating total hip arthroplasty (THA). Short-stem THA has constantly gained popularity. It remains controversial, whether ONFH represents a risk factor for failure after the implantation of short stems with pronounced metaphyseal anchorage. The potential spread of the osteonecrotic area and bone marrow edema into the metaphyseal bone might result in compromised stability. Early implant migration is considered predictive of subsequent aseptic loosening. The purpose of this study was a migration analysis of a modern, calcar-guided short-stem implant in patients with ONFH in a mid-term follow-up.

Materials and methods
This retrospective analysis investigated the migration pattern of 45 calcar-guided short stems in patients with ONFH, using Einzel-Bild-Roentgen-Analyse Femoral-Component-Analysis (EBRA-FCA). Influencing factors such as ARCO categories, age, gender, body weight and BMI were analyzed. Complications and adverse events were documented.

Results
At mid-term [48.1 months (SD 20.7 months)], mean axial migration was 1.56 mm (SD 1.77 mm). Mean migration rate stabilized after 2 years. No influence of ARCO categories, age and BMI was found. A tendency of increased axial migration was observed in male patients and in overweight patients. No revision surgeries had to be performed during follow-up.

Conclusion
The results indicate a migration pattern comparable to that of primary osteoarthritis patients with slight initial migration under full load followed by subsequent stabilization in the metaphyseal femur. The 100% survival rate at mid-term supports the usage of this short-stem design in patients with ONFH.