bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive mobile application for the CATS learning system
Authors: Popova Y. V. , Lehchylin I. V. 
Published: March 2020

Using mobile devices around the world has already become commonplace. There are a huge number of applications that greatly simplify everyday life: from simple planning of actions and events to paying for goods by simply touching the terminal with a mobile device. That is why the problem of introducing a mobile training application into the educational process is quite relevant. The purpose of this study is to increase the efficiency of the learning process through the use of the adaptive mobile application CATS. The proposed adaptability algorithm will allow you to create a unique training program that will build on existing knowledge and the level of perception of learning material for students. It is proposed to use the analysis of expert systems as mathematical methods. By formalizing the intellectual processes that are carried out by both the teacher and the student, it is possible to automate a certain part of the teacher’s functions, reduce manual labor costs, which will make iteasier to control the educational process, as well as make the learning process more effective. The software of the mobile application was created in the environment of Microsoft Visual Studio Community (Mac) in C# programming language and Xamarin framework. The proposed development is implemented in the educational process of the Belarusian National Technical University, covers all the main components of the learning process, including working with electronic educational and methodical complexes, passing tests, downloading the required information. The mobile application allows you to adapt to various sizes of devices, implemented using modern technologies with adaptation for Android and iOS operating systems.
Sarcopenic obesity and associations with mortality in older women and men – a prospective observational study
Authors: von Berens Åsa , Obling Sine R , Nydahl Margaretha , Koochek Afsaneh , Lissner Lauren , Skoog Ingmar , Frändin Kerstin , Skoglund Elisabeth , Rothenberg Elisabet , Cederholm Tommy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The combined effect of sarcopenia and obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity, has been associated with disability and worse outcomes in older adults, but results are conflicting. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in older adults, and to examine how the risk of mortality is associated with SO and its various components. Methods: Data were obtained from two Swedish population studies, the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies of 521 women and men at the age of 75, and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), which included 288 men aged 87 years. Sarcopenia was defined using the recently updated EWGSOP2 definition. Obesity was defined by any of three established definitions: body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, fat mass >30%/ >42% or waist circumference ≥88 cm/≥102 cm for women and men, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for 10-year and 4-year survival analyses in the H70 and ULSAM cohorts, respectively. Results: SO was observed in 4% of the women and 11% of the men in the H70 cohort, and in 10% of the ULSAM male cohort. The 75-year-old women with SO had a higher risk (HR 3.25, 95% confidence interval (1.2-8.9)) of dying within ten years compared to those with a “normal” phenotype. A potential similar association with mortality among the 75-year-old men was not statistically significant. In the older men aged 87 years, obesity was associated with increased survival. Conclusions: SO was observed in 4-11% of community-dwelling older adults. In 75-year-old women SO appeared to associate with an increased risk of dying within ten years. In 87-year-old men, the results indicated that obesity without sarcopenia was related to a survival benefit over a four-year period.
High expression of CD52 mRNA predicts poor prognosis for cytogenetic normal acute myeloid Leukemia patients
Authors: Cai Ping , Cai Wenzhi , Xu Xiaoyu , Yang Xiaofei , Wang Yemin , Wu Depei , Chen Suning 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The prognosis of cytogenetic normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) varies. Finding new biomarkers affecting the prognosis of these patients may bring a new strategy for precise classification and treatment. CD52 plays a significant role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the potential role of CD52 in CN-AML remains largely elusive. Methods: We analyzed the prognostic role of different expression levels of CD52 in 58 CN-AML from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and validated these results with 345 CN-AML patients from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Results: CN-AML patients with high CD52 mRNA expression had a poorer prognosis compared to low CD52 expression ( event-free survival [EFS], P =0.056; overall survival [OS], P=0.043; log-rank test) and the results was verified by GSE12417 (OS, P=0.020; log-rank test) and GSE71014 (OS, P=0.020; log-rank test). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may improve prognosis of patients with CD52 high . Regression analysis shows that the expression level of CD52 (HR=1.503; 95%CI:1.158-1.949 ; P=0.002) is a prognostic factor independent of age (HR=3.045; 95%CI:1.524-6.086; P=0.002) and FLT3 mutation status (HR=2.219; 95%CI:1.123-4.382; P=0.022). CD52 gene expression shows a predictive effect on EFS (1-year survival- area under the curve [AUC]:0.685, 2-year survival-AUC:0.752) and OS (1-year survival-AUC: 0.717, 2-year survival-AUC:0.770). Besides, we also found that there is a significant negative correlation between CD52 mRNA expression and DNA methylation . Accordingly, we speculated that CD52 DNA hypomethylation may responsible for the high level of CD52 mRNA. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes in CD52 high and CD52 low suggests that adhesion molecule deregulation maybe also the potential pathological mechanism of CD52. Conclusions: CD52 gene mRNA overexpression is an independent adverse prognostic factor for CN-AML. CD52 DNA hypomethylation may responsible for the high level of CD52 mRNA. Adhesion molecule deregulation maybe potential pathological mechanism of CD52. Whether CD52 monoclonal antibodies play a role in high risk patients need further research.
CD73 blockade enhances the local and abscopal effects of radiotherapy in a murine rectal cancer model
Authors: Tsukui Hidenori , Horie Hisanaga , Koinuma Koji , Ohzawa Hideyuki , Sakuma Yasunaru , Hosoya Yoshinori , Yamaguchi Hironori , Yoshimura Kotaro , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Sata Naohiro , KITAYAMA JOJI 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Anti-tumor effects of radiation therapy (RT) largely depend on host immune function. Adenosine with its strong immunosuppressive properties is an important immune checkpoint molecule.

Method

We examined how intra-tumoral adenosine levels modify anti-tumor effects of RT in a murine model using an anti-CD73 antibody which blocks the rate-limiting enzyme to produce extracellular adenosine. We also evaluated CD73 expression in irradiated human rectal cancer tissue.

Results

LuM-1, a highly metastatic murine colon cancer, expresses CD73 with significantly enhanced expression after RT. After subcutaneous (sc) transfer of LuM-1, mice developed macroscopic sc tumors and microscopic pulmonary metastases within 2 weeks. Adenosine levels in the sc tumor were increased after RT. Selective RT (12Gy in 3fractions) suppressed the growth of the irradiated sc tumor, but did not affect the growth of lung metastases which were shielded from RT. Intraperitoneal administration of anti-CD73 antibody (200 μg x 6) alone did not produce antitumor effects. However, when combined with RT in the same protocol, anti-CD73 antibody further delayed the growth of sc tumors and suppressed the development of lung metastases presumably through abscopal effects. Splenocytes derived from RT+ CD73 antibody treated mice showed enhanced IFN-γ production and cytotoxicity against LuM-1 compared to controls. Immunohistochemical studies of irradiated human rectal cancer showed that high expression of CD73 in remnant tumor cells and/or stroma is significantly associated with worse outcome.

Conclusion

These results suggest that adenosine plays an important role in the anti-tumor effects mediated by RT and that CD73/adenosine axis blockade may enhance the anti-tumor effect of RT, and improve the outcomes of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.
Social Cognition in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome and Idiopathic Developmental Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Jalal Rhideeta , Nair Aarti , Lin Amy , Eckfeld Ariel , Kushan Leila , Zinberg Jamie , Karlsgodt Katherine H. , Cannon Tyrone D. , Bearden Carrie E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is a common recurrent neurogenetic condition associated with elevated risk for developmental neuropsychiatric disorders and intellectual disability. Children and adults with 22q11DS often exhibit marked social impairment as well as neurocognitive deficits, and have elevated rates of both autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and psychosis. However, the relationship between the basic processes of social cognition and cognitive ability has not been well studied in 22q11DS. Here, we examined differences in social cognition in 22q11DS, relative to multiple groups of idiopathic neuropsychiatric disorders, and typically developing healthy controls (HC). Additionally, we examined differences in intellectual functioning and its relationship to social cognitive abilities. Finally, we examined the relationship between social cognitive abilities and real-world social behavior.

Methods

We examined social cognition and intellectual functioning in 306 participants (mean age = 16.63+/-4.59; % female = 44.8%): sixty-eight with 22q11DS, 49 youth with first episode psychosis (FEP), 48 at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis, 24 participants with ASD, and 117 HC. Social cognition was assessed using The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT), while reciprocal social behavior was assessed via parent/caregiver ratings on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Participants were also administered the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, 2 nd edition (WASI-II) to assess intellectual functioning.

Results

The 22q11DS group exhibited significantly lower social cognitive abilities compared to all other groups, even after controlling for intellectual functioning. Significant positive correlations were found between social cognition, as measured by the TASIT, and IQ across groups. In contrast, no significant relationships were found between TASIT and real-world social behavior (SRS) for any group.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate social cognitive deficits are more prominent in 22q11DS than idiopathic neuropsychiatric conditions across the age range, even after adjusting for global intellectual function. These results contribute to our understanding of the intellectual and social vulnerabilities of 22q11DS in comparison to idiopathic neuropsychiatric disorders. Our findings of robust associations between intellectual ability and social cognition emphasizes the importance of accounting for neurocognitive deficits in social skills interventions and tailoring these existing treatment models for 22q11DS and other populations with intellectual impairment.
Impact of retrieved lymph nodes count on short-term complications in patients with gastric cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Sun Feng , Liu Song , Song Peng , Zhang Chen , Liu Zhijian , Guan Wenxian , Wang Meng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: It is well established that retrieved lymph nodes (RLNs) count were positively correlated with better overall survival in gastric cancer (GC). But little is known about the relationship between RLNs count and short-term complications after radical surgery. Methods: A total of 1487 consecutive GC patients between January 2016 and December 2018 at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analyses were performed to elucidate the association between RLNs count and postoperative complications. We further identified clinical factors that might affect the RLNs count.Results: Among all of the patients, postoperative complications occurred in 435 (29.3%) patients. The mean RLNs count was 25.1 and 864 (58.1%) patients were diagnosed with lymph node metastasis. Univariate analyses showed no significant difference between RLNs count and postoperative complications (both overall and stratified by CDC grade). We further explored that preoperative serum albumin, type of resection, operation time, tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, and pTNM stage were associated with RLNs count. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that RLNs count was not associated with postoperative short-term complications following gastrectomy of GC, which provided a rationale for the determination of a proper RLNs count of curative gastrectomy.
Lived Experiences Of Adolescent Mothers Attending Mbale Regional Referral Hospital: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Violet Chemutai , Nteziyaremye Julius Goodwill , Julius Gabriel Wandabwa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction Adolescence is a period of transition from childhood to adulthood and is thus a critical in ones’ development characterized by opportunities and risks. By 2016, 16% of the World’s population was of adolescents with 82% residing in developing countries. About 12million births are due to 15-19 year olds. Sub-Saharan Africa particularly East Africa has high adolescent pregnancy rates with ranges as high as 35.8% in Eastern Uganda. Of Uganda’s maternal mortality ratio of 336/100.000 live births, 17.1% were attributable to adolescents aged 15-19 years. Whereas research is awash with contributing factors to such pregnancies, little is known about their lived experiences during early motherhood. We therefore set to study the lived experiences of adolescent mothers attending our hospital. Methods A phenomenological study design was used in which adolescent mothers that were attending Young child clinic were identified from the register and simple random sampling used to select participants. We called these mothers by way of phone numbers and asked them to come for Focus group discussions that were limited to 9 mothers per group and lasting about 45minutes – 1hour. Ethical approval was sought for this study and mothers were consented prior to taking part. At every focus group discussion the data which had largely been taken in local languages was transcribed and translated verbatim into English. Results The research revealed that adolescent mothers go through hard times especially with the changes of pregnancy, fear of unknown during intrapartum and immediate postpartum period and largely treated negatively by parents, community members and their colleagues. They experience extreme hardships in parenting. However these early mothers’ stress is alleviated by the joy of seeing their own babies. Conclusion Adolescent mothers present a high risk mother group and efforts to support them during Antenatal care with special adolescent ANC clinics and continuous counseling together with their household should be emphasized to optimize outcome not only during pregnancy but also thereafter. Parents should endeavor to provide for the girl child. Skilling of such mothers and optimizing avenues to pursue education should be explored.
Association between GPx-1 Polymorphisms and Personality Traits in Healthy Chinese-Han Subjects
Authors: Shao Xiaojun , Sun Dongxue , Zhang Bihui , Cheng Lingfei , Yan Ci , Zhu Gang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (GPx1) is the most abundantly expressed of the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) family. The impact of GPx1 polymorphisms has been rarely explored in the field of personality traits. Therefore, we analyzed relationships between GPx-1 polymorphisms and personality traits in healthy Chinese-Han subjects. Methods: 493 Chinese-Han participants (male=234, female=259) were recruited. Personality traits were assessed by Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ). GPx-1 gene polymorphisms were detected through polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results: The results indicated that the GPx-1 polymorphisms rs1050450 and rs1800668 were associated with the personality trait novelty seeking (NS). Our data found a correlation between rs1800668 and NS2 (X2=7.392, P=0.025). While the results showed the rs1050450 was significantly associated with NS4 (X2=6.059, P=0.048). Regarding sex stratification, there was a significant difference in the NS2 score (X2=8.232, P=0.016) among women for rs1800668. There was no difference in TPQ scores among the different genotypic groups in males. Additionally, no sex effect was observed for either genotype for rs1050450. Conclusion: Our results suggested that GPx-1 may be a potential gene that influenced personality.
Lightweight Design of Steel Wheel Introducing the Disc Spinning Process
Authors: Dang Bin , Shan Yingchun , LIU Xiandong , Huang Lezheng , Jiang Er 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The steel wheel consists of wheel disc and rim. The wheel disc is manufactured by using power spinning process. The spinning process does not guarantee that the design scheme can be realized accurately. In this paper, the simulation method of the disc spinning process is investigated, and introduced to the lightweight design of steel wheel. Firstly, the power spinning process is simulated, and the validity of the simulation method is verified by test. Then two optimization schemes of the disc are proposed. Finally, the forming quality of the products from the optimization schemes is analyzed by spinning process simulation. The results show that the product from the optimal scheme may not be optimal since the effect of the forming quality in the spinning process. To obtain the optimal performance of product, it is very necessary to evaluate the design scheme by introducing the disc spinning process in the design stage of wheel disc.
Comparing Non-invasive Diagnostic Methods for Arteriovenous Fistula Stenosis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Raksasuk Sukit , Rojwatcharapibarn Satit , Srithong Thatsaphan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background International guidelines recommended screening for AVF stenosis using various non-invasive methods. The previous studies have reported conflicting results. This study aims to evaluate the utility of the different non-invasive AVF flow measurements for detecting AVF stenosis. Methods We evaluated 23 HD patients with the clinical suspicion for AVF stenosis based on physical examination or high venous pressures during. Patients underwent all three non-invasive measurements including ultrasound dilution, urea dilution, and Doppler ultrasonography. Fistulography was performed to confirm the degree of AVF stenosis in all patients. Results Fistulography revealed AVF stenosis in eighteen patients, twelve of whom had severe stenosis (greater than 50% stenosis). About the location of the stenotic lesions, eight were at the inflow site, six at the outflow site, and four at both sites. In those AVFs with severe stenosis, median access flows were 625 mL/min by ultrasound dilution method, 615 mL/min by urea dilution method, and 590 mL/min by Doppler ultrasonography. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that Doppler ultrasonography had a high discriminative ability and the averaged areas under the curves were 0.933 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 0.99) for stenosis and 0.929 (95% CI, 0.82 to 0.99) for severe stenosis. The sensitivity of each method for prediction of access stenosis was 73%, 73%, 80% by using the ultrasound dilution, urea dilution, and Doppler ultrasonography methods, respectively. The specificity of each method was 40%, 80%, and 100% respectively. Physical examination showed 80% sensitivity and 80% specificity for detecting AVF stenosis. The combination of non-invasive access flow measurement with physical examination increased the sensitivity for detection of AVF stenosis to 80%, 93%, and 93% respectively. Conclusions Doppler ultrasound combine with physical examination, was more accurate than other non-invasive methods for detection of AVF stenosis.
Involvement of Interleukin-18-Mediated Microglia/Astrocyte Interaction in Experimental Models of Migraine
Authors: Gong Qiaoyu , Lin Yao , Lu Zuneng , Xiao Zheman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The exact molecular mechanisms of migraine were not fully understood. Emerging evidence indicated that inflammation had a significant role in pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine. The present study aimed to investigate the involvement of Interleukin-18-Mediated Microglia/Astrocyte Interaction in the development of hyperpathia or allodynia induced by migraine. Methods: Experimental rat model of migraine was established by repetitive inflammatory soup (IS) dural infusions. The expression of Interleukin-18 (IL-18) and IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. The expression of activated microglia and astrocytes was examined by Western blot or immunofluorescence. The expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was examined by Western blot. TAK-242 and anti-IL-18 antibody were used to inhibit the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and IL-18 pathway, respectively. Results: IS dural infusions elicited microglial activation and astrocytic activation. Meanwhile, IS dural infusions induced the upregulation of IL-18 and IL-18R in microglia and astrocytes, respectively. Blocking the IL-18 signaling pathway attenuated nociceptive behavior. Meanwhile, blocking IL-18 signaling also suppressed astrocytic activation, as well as activation of NF-κB. And IL-18 dural infusions induced nociceptive behavior and glia activation. Conclusions: IL-18, a product of microglial toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation, acted on IL-18R expressed in astrocyte, and subsequently stimulated activation of NF-κB, leading to the astrocytic activation. Together, the present results suggest that IL-18-mediated microglia/astrocyte interactions in the medullary dorsal horn may participate in the development of hyperpathia or allodynia induced by migraine.