bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Debunking the myth of industry 4.0 in health care: insights from a systematic literature review
Authors: Cavallone Mauro , Palumbo Rocco 
Published: March 2020

PurposeIndustry 4.0, artificial intelligence and digitalization have got a momentum in health care. However, scholars and practitioners do not agree on their implications on health services' quality and effectiveness. The article aims at shedding light on the applications, aftermaths and drawbacks of industry 4.0 in health care, summarizing the state of the art.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review was undertaken. We arranged an ad hoc research design, which was tailored to the study purposes. Three citation databases were queried. We collected 1,194 scientific papers which were carefully considered for inclusion in this systematic literature review. After three rounds of analysis, 40 papers were taken into consideration.FindingsIndustry 4.0, artificial intelligence and digitalization are revolutionizing the design and the delivery of care. They are expected to enhance health services' quality and effectiveness, paving the way for more direct patient–provider relationships. In addition, they have been argued to allow a more appropriate use of available resources. There is a dark side of health care 4.0 involving both management and ethical issues.Research limitations/implicationsIndustry 4.0 in health care should not be conceived as a self-nourishing innovation; rather, it needs to be carefully steered at both the policy and management levels. On the one hand, comprehensive governance models are required to realize the full potential of health 4.0. On the other hand, the drawbacks of industry 4.0 should be timely recognized and thoroughly addressed.Originality/valueThe article contextualizes the state of the art of industry 4.0 in the health care context, providing some insights for further conceptual and empirical developments.
Dynamic microbial assembly processes correspond to soil fertility in sustainable paddy agroecosystems
Authors: Liu Wenjing , Graham Emily B. , Zhong Linghao , Zhang Jianwei , Li Weitao , Li Zhongpei , Lin Xiangui , Feng Youzhi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Micobial community (diversity and functional traits) underpin the sustainability of agroecosystems. Assembly processes influence microbial community composition and in turn determine their functional traits. However we have a poor understanding of how assembly processes that govern microbial community interact through time to maintain soil fertility.

Flooded rice fields are one kind of agroecosystems with high level of sustainability. Ancient rice paddies have a history of cultivation spanning hundreds or thousands of years and thus provide an ideal opportunity to explore relationships between community assembly processes and agroecosystem sustainability. In this study, we used statistical null models to evaluate temporal patterns of bacterial community assembly processes along rice cultivation years and their associations with increases in soil fertility in paddy agroecosystems.

We found that stochasticity was a persistent force structuring paddy soil microbial communities, putatively due to frequent flooding that facilities dispersal. However, determinism gradually increased over centuries of agriculture and corresponded to increases in soil fertility. Accordingly, multifunctionality, calculated using enzymes catalysing key soil functions in carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous and sulphur cycling significantly increased along rice cultivation years. We therefore propose that balanced assembly processes preserve a diverse array of traits that can dominate under various circumstances while also allowing for particular traits to be selected for by soil fertility, thus supporting multifunctionality that underpins agroecosystem sustainability.

In total, our results highlight that knowledge on temporal microbial assembly processes, community composition and ecological function in the context of soil fertility is key to understanding ecological mechanisms maintaining agroecosystem sustainability.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Facilitating foundation species: The potential for plant–bivalve interactions to improve habitat restoration success
Authors: Gagnon Karine , Rinde Eli , Bengil Elizabeth G. T. , Carugati Laura , Christianen Marjolijn J. A. , Danovaro Roberto , Gambi Cristina , Govers Laura L. , Kipson Silvija , Meysick Lukas , Pajusalu Liina , Tüney Kızılkaya İnci , van de Koppel Johan , van der Heide Tjisse , van Katwijk Marieke M. , Boström Christoffer 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Vegetated marine and freshwater habitats are being increasingly lost around the world. Habitat restoration is a critical step for conserving these valuable habitats, but new approaches are needed to increase restoration success and ensure their survival.

We investigated interactions between plants and bivalves through a review and analysis of 491 studies, determined the effects, mechanisms and key environmental variables involved in and driving positive and negative interactions, and produced guidelines for integrating positive interactions into restoration efforts in different habitats.

Fifty per cent of all interactions (both correlative and experimental studies) were positive. These were predominant between epifaunal bivalves and plants in all habitats, and between infaunal bivalves and plants in subtidal habitats. Plants primarily promoted bivalve survival and abundance by providing substrate and shelter, while bivalves promoted plant growth and survival by stabilizing and fertilizing the sediment, and reducing water turbidity. The prevalence of positive interactions increased with water temperature in subtidal habitats, but decreased with water temperature in intertidal habitats. The subset of studies conducted in a restoration context also showed mostly positive interactions.

Twenty‐five per cent of all interactions were negative, and these were predominant between plants and infaunal bivalves in intertidal habitats, except sulphide‐metabolizing bivalves, which facilitated plant survival. Interactions involving non‐native species were also mostly negative.

Synthesis and applications. Promoting facilitative interactions through plant–bivalve co‐restoration can increase restoration success. The prevalence of positive interactions depends on habitat and environmental conditions such as temperature, and was especially important in subtidal habitats (involving both infaunal and epifaunal bivalves) and in intertidal habitats (involving only epifaunal bivalves). Thus sites and species for co‐restoration must be carefully chosen to maximize the chances of success. If done properly, co‐restoration could increase initial survival, persistence and resilience of foundation species, and promote the recovery of associated biodiversity and ecosystem services.
Farm animals and aquaculture: significant reservoirs of mobile colistin resistance genes
Authors: Shen Yingbo , Zhang Rong , Schwarz Stefan , Wu Congming , Shen Jianzhong , Walsh Timothy R. , Wang Yang 
Published: March 2020

SummaryColistin resistance has attracted substantial attention after colistin was considered as a last‐resort drug for the treatment of infections caused by carbapenem‐resistant and/or multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Gram‐negative bacteria in clinical settings. However, with the discovery of highly mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes, colistin resistance has become an increasingly urgent issue worldwide. Despite many reviews, which summarized the prevalence, mechanisms, and structures of these genes in bacteria of human and animal origin, studies on the prevalence of mobile colistin resistance genes in aquaculture and their transmission between animals and humans remain scarce. Herein, we review recent reports on the prevalence of colistin resistance genes in animals, especially wildlife and aquaculture, and their possibility of transmission to humans via the food chain. This review also gives some insights into the routine surveillance, changing policy and replacement of polymyxins by polymyxin derivatives, molecular inhibitors, and traditional Chinese medicine to tackle colistin resistance.
In hot water: effects of climate change on Vibrio–human interactions
Authors: Froelich Brett A. , Daines Dayle A. 
Published: March 2020

SummarySea level rise and the anthropogenic warming of the world's oceans is not only an environmental tragedy, but these changes also result in a significant threat to public health. Along with coastal flooding and the encroachment of saltwater farther inland comes an increased risk of human interaction with pathogenic Vibrio species, such as Vibrio cholerae, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus. This minireview examines the current literature for updates on the climatic changes and practices that impact the location and duration of the presence of Vibrio spp., as well as the infection routes, trends and virulence factors of these highly successful pathogens. Finally, an overview of current treatments and methods for the mitigation of both oral and cutaneous exposures are presented.
Detection of diabetes and prediabetes using glycosylated hemoglobin in Chinese adults living in Shanghai: A prospective analysis
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Niu Jingya , Zhao Zhiyun , Xu Min , Lu Jieli , Li Mian , Wang Tiange , Chen Yuhong , Wang Shuangyuan , Dai Meng , Zheng Ruizhi , Zhu Yuanyue , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang , Bi Yufang , Xu Yu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the discriminative abilities of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and to examine the optimal HbA1c cutoff values for diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese adults.MethodsData of a population‐based cohort of Chinese adults aged ≥40 years living in Jiading District in Shanghai were used. At baseline, 9389 and 7241 participants were included to identify the optimal HbA1c cutoff values for diabetes and prediabetes, respectively using the 1999 World Health Organization criteria as reference. In addition, the follow‐up data on incident diabetes of 4538 participants were used to determine the HbA1c cutoff value for prediabetes using the development of diabetes as reference. The discriminative abilities of HbA1c were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the optimal cutoff values were determined by Youden's index.ResultsThe areas under the ROC curves were 0.849 for diabetes, 0.614 for prediabetes using baseline data, and 0.648 for prediabetes using follow‐up data. An HbA1c cutoff value of 6.0% had the largest Youden's index to diagnose diabetes with a sensitivity of 70.2% and a specificity of 87.4%. An HbA1c cutoff value of 5.6% was indicated for prediabetes using both baseline and follow‐up data. However, the sensitivity and specificity were both low (55.4% and 61.1% using an oral glucose tolerance test as reference, 64.6% and 57.1% using incident diabetes as reference).ConclusionsAn HbA1c value ≥6.0% could be used to detect diabetes in Chinese adults aged ≥40 years. However, although an HbA1c value of 5.6% to 5.9% was indicated in this study, the overall discrimination of HbA1c for prediabetes was poor.
Collateral arteries of the aortic arch of the red‐rumped agouti (Dasyprocta leporina Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Oliveira Radan Elvis Matias de , Costa Herson da Silva , Araújo Júnior Hélio Noberto de , Lopes Igor Renno Guimarães , Lopes Paulo Mateus Alves , Gurgel João Vitor de Oliveira , de Oliveira Moacir Franco 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDetailed knowledge of the arterial system is an important prerequisite when interpreting experimental data in research, as well as in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease using imaging techniques such as Doppler echocardiography and contrast radiography. Thus, considering the importance of the aortic arrangement, the objective of this study was to describe the collateral arteries of the aortic arch of agoutis in order to establish the standard model, and therefore contribute to studies involving research related to heart disease, and produce information for a more accurate diagnosis in complementary imaging examinations. In this study, 14 adult animals were used, comprising eight males and six females. The vascular system was washed with 0.9% aqueous saline solution and perfused with Neoprene 450 latex coloured with yellow or red pigment, which was subsequently dissected and analysed. One male animal was used for the digital contrast radiography technique perfused with a liquid barium sulphate solution (Bariogel®) (1 g/ml) and Neoprene 450 latex, both diluted 1/3. The aortic arch of the agouti presented with only the brachiocephalic trunk as collateral branch in all the animals studied. Thus, agouti falls into type 1 for mammalian aortic arch vascular arrangements.
Butyrate inhibits human mast cell activation via epigenetic regulation of FcεRI‐mediated signaling
Authors: Folkerts Jelle , Redegeld Frank , Folkerts Gert , Blokhuis Bart , van den Berg Mariska P. M. , de Bruijn Marjolein J. W. , van IJcken Wilfred F. J. , Junt Tobias , Tam See‐Ying , Galli Stephen J. , Hendriks Rudi W. , Stadhouders Ralph , Maurer Marcus 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundShort‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are fermented dietary components that regulate immune responses, promote colonic health, and suppress mast cell–mediated diseases. However, the effects of SCFAs on human mast cell function, including the underlying mechanisms, remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of the SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) on mast cell–mediated pathology and human mast cell activation, including the molecular mechanisms involved.MethodPrecision‐cut lung slices (PCLS) of allergen‐exposed guinea pigs were used to assess the effects of butyrate on allergic airway contraction. Human and mouse mast cells were co‐cultured with SCFAs and assessed for degranulation after IgE‐ or non–IgE‐mediated stimulation. The underlying mechanisms involved were investigated using knockout mice, small molecule inhibitors/agonists, and genomics assays.ResultsButyrate treatment inhibited allergen‐induced histamine release and airway contraction in guinea pig PCLS. Propionate and butyrate, but not acetate, inhibited IgE‐ and non–IgE‐mediated human or mouse mast cell degranulation in a concentration‐dependent manner. Notably, these effects were independent of the stimulation of SCFA receptors GPR41, GPR43, or PPAR, but instead were associated with inhibition of histone deacetylases. Transcriptome analyses revealed butyrate‐induced downregulation of the tyrosine kinases BTK, SYK, and LAT, critical transducers of FcεRI‐mediated signals that are essential for mast cell activation. Epigenome analyses indicated that butyrate redistributed global histone acetylation in human mast cells, including significantly decreased acetylation at the BTK, SYK, and LAT promoter regions.ConclusionKnown health benefits of SCFAs in allergic disease can, at least in part, be explained by epigenetic suppression of human mast cell activation.
A histopathological study on the Caucasian dwarf goby from an anthropogenically loaded site in Hungary using multiple tissues analyses
Authors: Yancheva Vesela , Georgieva Elenka , Stoyanova Stela , Velcheva Iliana , Somogyi Dóra , Nyeste Krisztián , Antal László 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe present study aimed to investigate for the first time the health status of the Caucasian dwarf goby Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg, 1916, Fishes of freshwaters of Russian Empire, p. 563, Moscow, Russia: Dep. Zemledeliya) (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from an anthropogenically loaded site in Hungary using histopathological analyses on multiple tissues. For that purpose, fish were collected from the public beach at Tiszafüred near the River Tisza. Gills, liver and kidney were subjected to histopathological analyses, and the results showed different alterations in each organ, which also differed in their extent and severity. In addition, we also found lesions in the reproductive organs of both, male and female fish which, overall, we hypothesized could be due to untreated municipal wastewaters, most likely contaminated with endocrine‐disrupting chemicals. The multi‐organ histopathological analyses of Caucasian dwarf gobies revealed different lesions, prevalence and severity in each target organ, as follows: liver>gills>kidney>gonad (testes and ovaries). These histopathological lesions can be assessed as good indicators of contamination by endocrine‐disrupting chemicals of freshwater ecosystems.
Gender Intensification and Gender Generalization Biases in Pre‐adolescents, Adolescents, and Emerging Adults
Authors: Klaczynski Paul A. , Felmban Wejdan S. , Kole James 
Published: March 2020

The gender intensification hypothesis claims that the socialization pressures of early adolescence lead to the adoption of traditional sex‐typed roles. We tested this proposal by examining how extensively children (Mage = 9.39 years; N = 69, 31 female), early adolescents (Mage = 12.06 years; N = 70, 36 female), middle adolescents (Mage = 14.81 years; N = 65, 37 female), and emerging adults (Mage = 18.51 years; N = 70, 37 female) made generalizations from vignettes about male and female characters who had stereotypically feminine or masculine qualities and who had stereotypically neutral qualities. Results showed, first, age‐related increases in gender‐based generalization biases (the difference between stereotype‐consistent and stereotype‐neutral generalizations) to mid‐adolescence and an age‐related decrease in generalization biases from mid‐adolescence to adulthood. Second, we found gender intensification in self‐conceptualizations as masculine and feminine: More so than children and emerging adults, middle adolescents adopted stereotypically masculine and feminine traits. Third, age‐related declines in gender stereotypes of occupations and traits were mediated by faith in intuition. Finally, faith in intuition and gender self‐concepts moderated age‐related increases in generalization biases such that the slope of the age‐related increase in biases was steepest for participants who placed the most faith in intuition and whose gender self‐concepts were traditional. Findings are discussed in terms of gender identification, dual‐process theories of judgements, and the interference stereotypes create when adolescents construct problem representations.
Statement of contribution

What is already known of the adolescent appearance culture

Appearance plays an important role in the psychosocial lives of adolescents.

Little research has been conducted on cultural differences in the adolescent appearance culture.

What this study adds to our understanding of the adolescent appearance culture

Americans were more appearance focused than Chinese adolescents; girls were more appearance focused than boys.

The appearance focus–country link was mediated by body esteem, activity level, and parental body size.

The link between appearance focus and gender was mediated by body consciousness and perceived appearance pressure.
Intratumoral and s.c. injection of inactivated hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (GEN0101) in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Fujita Kazutoshi , Kato Taigo , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Ujike Takeshi , Uemura Motohide , Imamura Ryoichi , Okihara Koji , Ukimura Osamu , Miki Tsuneharu , Nakajima Toshihiro , Kaneda Yasufumi , Nonomura Norio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInactivated hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ‐E) has an antitumor effect and tumor immunity. We undertook an open‐label, phase I, dose‐escalation study in patients with castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) to determine the safety and efficacy of intratumoral and s.c. injection of HVJ‐E (GEN0101). Patients with CRPC, who were resistant to or unable to receive standard of care, were included. GEN0101 was injected directly into the prostate and s.c. in two 28‐day treatment cycles. The primary end‐points were to evaluate the safety and tolerability of GEN0101 and determine its recommended dose. The secondary end‐points were to analyze the antitumor effect and tumor immunity. Three patients received 30 000 mNAU GEN0101 and 6 received 60 000 mNAU. There was no dose‐limiting toxicity, and the recommended dose of GEN0101 was defined as 60 000 mNAU. Radiographically, 1 patient had stable disease and 2 had progressive disease in the low‐dose group, whereas 5 patients had stable disease and 1 had progressive disease in the high‐dose group. Three patients in the high‐dose group showed reduction in lymph node metastasis. Prostate‐specific antigen increase rates in the high‐dose group were suppressed more than those in the low‐dose group. Natural killer cell activity was enhanced in 2 patients of the low‐dose group and in 5 patients in the high‐dose group. In conclusion, intratumoral and s.c. injections of GEN0101 were well‐tolerated and feasible to use. The study is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (no. UMIN000017092).
The oral health of refugees: Issues and challenges arising from a case series analysis
Authors: Salim Nesreen A. , Maayta Wajd , ElSa'aideh Batool B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesLittle is known of the oral health of refugees globally. The objective of this study was to characterize the oral health and care‐seeking behaviours of refugees by investigating patterns of dental services provided to Syrian refugees in Jordan and their association with their oral health status.MethodsClinical records from 444 patients who had received dental treatment over a 9‐month period were retrieved and analysed. Collected data included gender, age and the type and number of treatment procedures provided for each patient.ResultsOf the total sample (51.8% female; 48.2% male; aged 18‐60 years), pain was the most common presenting complaint (73.0%), with poor aesthetics (17.1%) the second most common presenting complaint. About 63.3% of patients received only one procedure due to patients' lack of follow‐up. Over half (54.5%) of dental treatments carried out were extractions, 74.1% of which were due to dental caries; 27.4% were fillings. Endodontic treatment was the least provided procedure (18.2%).ConclusionsThe oral health status of Syrian refugees is a major concern, given the often‐deplorable living conditions in camps and limited, often inadequate access to oral healthcare services. This situation dramatically negatively affects a refugee's oral health. There is an urgent need to provide targeted dental services for this at‐risk population. Additional research is warranted on refugees worldwide, and on the provision of appropriate interventions to enable optimal oral health for this population.