bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(319) ARE ANTIFUNGALS NEEDED IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING INFLATABLE MULTICOMPONENT PENILE IMPLANT PLACEMENT: SINGLE SURGEON EXPERIENCE
Authors: Gheiler E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Recently the use of antifungal medications during Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement has been recommended. Due to published series showing that fungal infections are common in cultures from patients undergoing salvage procedures. Unfortunately, by the time the patients present for salvage procedures, many patients have received so many antibiotics that cultures can only grow fungal elements. Leaving one guessing whether the fungal elements are the primary cause of these implant infections.

Objective
Our objective is to determine if antifungal use is necessary during inflatable penile implant procedures.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was done on patients undergoing an IPP, between Jan 2021 and Dec. 2023. In patients that where not exposed to any anti fungal medications. Neither Pre-operatively, intra-operatively nor in the irrigating fluid.

Results
A total of 811 case where performed, 37% of our patients had diabetes and 19.6% were implant revisions. We had 3 cases of infections, Virgin case- 1 was due to a large hematoma that had to be drained in a patient with Myelodysplastic syndrome- Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Revision cases - 2, one diabetic- Streptococcus Agalactiae and one non-diabetic- Methicillin resistant staph aureus.

Conclusions
None of our IPP infections could have been prevented by using antifungal medications. Guidelines recommending these medications should be re-evaluated.

Disclosure
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Boston Scientific Corp.
(320) COMPARISON OF TENACIO™ PUMP AND MS™ PUMP EFFICIENCY USING SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHY (SEMG)
Authors: Lee J , Schoenfeld D , Joice G 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Inflatable penile implant (IPP) pumps can be difficult to inflate, especially in older men. Efforts to increase the ease of use for IPP pumps should allow for more men to benefit from IPPs.

Objective
This study compares the muscular effort required to use the TENACIO and MS pumps in an ex-vivo bench top trial.

Methods
Two pumps (Boston Scientific’s MS™ and TENACIO™ Pumps) were utilized in an ex-vivo, head-to-head trial. Four separate tasks were performed on identical AMS 700™ IPP with: 1] Fill from empty to max (3 consecutive pumps where pump is not fully compressed), 2] Fill from 10 ml to 40 ml, and 3] 10 full pump squeezes (allowing for complete refill of pump between pumps). sEMG (Delsys Trigno®) data was collected from the thenar, flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS), and extensor digitorum (ED) muscles. The sEMG was normalized to the max voluntary contraction (MVC) (Fig. 1). Cumulative muscular workload (CMW) was calculated as time integral of the MVC. Average muscular work per second (AWS) was calculated by dividing CMV by time to completion. Pumps and IPPs were supplied by Boston Scientific.

Results
A total of 18 trials were performed by 7 participants (1 attending, 4 residents, 2 medical students). Time to completion of each task was significantly faster in the TENACIO group (Fig. 2) compared to the MS group with 30% faster maximal filling (Task 1) for the TENACIO group. There was no difference in CMW between the two pumps for any task across all muscle groups. However, the AWS for TENACIO was significantly higher for all three tasks across all three muscle groups (Table 1). The TENACIO pump was up to 31% more efficient in the thenar group for Task 1, compared to the standard MS device.

Conclusions
The TENACIO pump is significantly faster at filling and pumps more efficiently compared to the MS pump in an ex-vivo, head-to-head trial utilizing sEMG data. Future studies are needed to understand efficacy in-vivo and patient satisfaction with this pump.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: Boston Scientific.
Clarification: Industry funding only - investigator initiated and executed study.
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Boston Scientific.
(332) THE USE OF CHAPERONES FOR GENITOURINARY EXAMS: A SURVEY OF SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF MALE REPRODUCTION (SSMR) MEMBERS
Authors: Cahill E , Reddy S , Rotker K , Honig S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Medical chaperones have been utilized with increasing frequency in order to provide for patient comfort and for medicolegal protection. This is especially applicable to the field of reproductive and sexual medicine given the need for sensitive examinations for clinical decision making. However, the use of chaperones may be associated with reduced efficiency for providers and may be difficult for patients.

Objective
Our aim was to evaluate and compare current practice policies of reproductive urologists regarding the use of chaperones for genitourinary examinations as well as provider sentiments regarding chaperone use.

Methods
An anonymous, web-based 19-question survey was sent via email distribution to Society for the Study of Male Reproduction (SSMR) members. The survey included a standardized set of questions regarding physician demographics, nature of practice, and current practices and policies pertaining to chaperone use. Data were analyzed in a descriptive fashion.

Results
There were 61 respondents to the survey, the majority of which were male (n = 53, 86.9%) (Table 1). 18 respondents (29.5%) reported that they currently have a chaperone policy at their practice. Of those, 61.1% reported patients have a choice regarding the use of a chaperone as part of the policy. As shown in Table 2, commonly utilized chaperones include medical assistants, nurses, other physicians, and scribes. Respondents varied in terms of ease of finding a chaperone and length of time added to the visit, with 50% reporting that a chaperone added 2 minutes or less to a visit and over 83% reporting it added 5 minutes or less. Of the remaining 43 participants who did not use chaperones, 13 (30.2%) felt that they should adopt a chaperone policy.

Conclusions
There is wide variation in the current practices of reproductive urologists with respect to utilizing chaperones during genitourinary examinations, and most do not have institutional/practice policies regarding the use of chaperones. Those who do have chaperone policies report differences in terms of who can be a chaperone, the ease of finding a chaperone, and length of time added to the visit. Standardization of chaperone usage across the field of sexual medicine and national guidelines may lead to improved patient-physician experience and efficiency.

Disclosure
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Coloplast, Endo Pharma, Fellow, Posterity Health, HIMS, WIN fertility, Haleon.
(334) EARLY MECHANICAL FAILURE IS RARE BUT AUTO INFLATION IS COMMON AFTER PENILE PROSTHESIS PLACEMENT
Authors: Ziegelmann M , Guillen A , Pinkhasov A , Bonakdarhashemi M , Helo S , Kohler T 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Penile prosthesis (PP) implantation is associated with high patient satisfaction in patients with medically refractory erectile dysfunction (ED). There remains a paucity in the literature regarding the temporal evolution of patient following PP surgery.

Objective
We sought to evaluate mechanical-associated outcomes in our Penile prosthesis (PP) cohort.

Methods
We analyzed our prospective penile registry that includes patient-completed surveys regarding device outcomes administered at 6 and 12-months after PP placement. We specifically examined the questions: “Have you had another [prosthesis] surgery since your first operation?”; and, “Does the device ever inflate or deflate on its own, if Yes how bothersome is this for you on a scale of 1-10 (1- very bothersome, 10 no bother)?”. Chart review was performed to identify pertinent variables including reservoir location (retropubic vs submuscular) and need for prosthesis revision for survey respondents.

Results
A total of 304 patients were enrolled in the registry. Of these, 101 completed the 6-month assessment and 79 completed the 1-year survey. The vast majority of PP were Coloplast (91.4%) utilizing the “classic” pump. Mean chart review follow up was approximately 3 years. One device was explanted for implant infection. No additional operations were reported for mechanical failure. Auto-inflation (AI) was reported in 38 patients at 6 months and 21 patients at 12 months. AI was most common in patients with submuscular reservoir placement (75.9% of those who reported AI at 6 months and 50% at 12 months respectively). The relative risk of developing AI was doubled in patients with a submuscular reservoir [2.2 (1.05-3.44); p &lt; 0.001)]. Degree of bother had a reported median of 5 (3.75-9) at 6 months and became less bothersome after 12-months year with a reported median of 7 (5-9) (p = 0.230) [Fig. 1].

Conclusions
Early Penile prosthesis mechanical failure requiring revision surgery did not occur in our cohort but patient-reported auto-inflation was identified more frequently than previously reported. Further study is warranted, but patients may benefit from pre-operative counseling regarding the incidence of auto-inflation.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: Coloplast.
Clarification: Industry funding only - investigator initiated and executed study.
(336) A NOVEL TECHNIQUE OF CORPORAL REPAIR DURING TRANS CORPORAL ARTIFICIAL URINARY SPHINCTER CUFF PLACEMENT WITH AN INFLATABLE PENILE PROSTHESIS IN PLACE USING ALLOGENIC PERICARDIAL GRAFT (TUTOPLAST®)
Authors: Mahdi M , Westney OL , Wang R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
The number of patients with post prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and erectile dysfunction (ED) is growing. And the use Artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) and inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) in the management of such conditions has proven its efficacy, especially for the refractory cases. Many patients have both devices, and since the AUS revision rates are higher, some will need further AUS procedures with their IPP in place. This might constitute a challenge that require special consideration.

Objective
We review a new technique for corporal repair using allogenic pericardial graft (Tutoplast®) in patients undergoing AUS revision procedure with trans corporal (TC) AUS cuff placement while an IPP cylinders are in situ. The intent is to achieve intra op hemostasis after corporal violation and to separate and protect the IPP cylinders and AUS cuff from direct contact and frication, thus decreasing the risk of long term mechanical failure.

Methods
We report a new technique of corporal repair during TC AUS revision procedure with in situ IPP. The technique has been done for two patients so far. In both patients a 3 cm bilateral corporotomies were done to create a corporal flap on the dorsal side of the urethra for the new cuff TC placement. Then a Tutoplast graft of a proper size was sutured to the lateral edges of corporotomies to isolate the IPP in situ cylinders from the planned new TC cuff (fig. 1). Next, the AUS cuff was placed between the graft and the corporal flap/urethra followed by the placement of other AUS component.

Results
No early post-operative complications noted. Patients presented for AUS activation six weeks following the surgery. Functions of both AUS and IPP were confirmed during the visit and patients were instructed to use both devices. During the three and six months post-operative visits both patients were completely continent and were using the IPPs without any issues or complains.

Conclusions
A preliminary data supports the safety and short-term efficacy of using allogenic pericardial graft (Tutoplast®) in corporal repair for patients undergoing TC AUS cuff placement with an IPP cylinders in place. The technique might protect both the functioning IPP and the new AUS cuff and decrease the mechanical failure with ideal hemostasis during the surgery. Further studies on larger populations are needed to support the long-term efficacy of this technique.

Disclosure
No.
The health of internally displaced people (IDPs), between conflicts and the increasing role of climate change
Authors: Bellizzi Saverio 
Published: December 2024

Globally, the number of IDPs has jumped from 50.3 to 75.9 million in the past 5 years, and their displacement is increasingly driven by climate-change, replacing conflicts as main factor in 2023. This underscores the need to further explore the nexus of climate change, health, migration, and to mobilize support.
Rapid on-site detection of crop RNA viruses using CRISPR/Cas13a
Authors: Hak Hagit , Ostendorp Steffen , Reza Anton , Ishgur Greenberg Shany , Pines Gur , Kehr Julia , Spiegelman Ziv 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Plant viruses are destructive pathogens of various crop species. Rapid, sensitive, and specific detection is crucial for the effective containment of emerging and resistance-breaking viruses. CRISPR/Cas has been established as a new tool for plant virus identification. However, its application for direct detection of viruses in the field is still limited. In this study, we present a CRISPR/Cas13a-based method for rapid detection of different viruses directly from RNA of several crop species, including tomato, cucumber, and rapeseed. This method was used to identify the emerging tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), a prominent pathogen in tomato cultivation, and distinguish it from closely related viruses in infected tomato plants. ToBRFV could be identified in a 100-fold dilution and early during infection, prior to the onset of viral symptoms. Finally, we developed a user-friendly, extraction-free, 15 min protocol for on-site virus detection using a portable fluorescence viewer and a mobile phone camera. This protocol was successfully applied to identify ToBRFV in several commercial greenhouses. These results demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas13a is a robust technology for on-site detection of multiple viruses in different crop plants. This method could be swiftly adapted to identify newly emerging pests, which threaten global food security.
Right to mobility, right to belong: Bottom-up citizenship practices of Syrian refugees in Europe
Authors: Zuntz Ann-Christin , Columbu Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Through a small-scale interview study with Syrians with Swedish citizenship who have either relocated to, or are regularly visiting, the UK, this article sheds light on the nexus between mobility and bottom-up citizenship practices of refugees in Europe. We mobilize the twin concepts of ‘affective’ and ‘instrumental’ citizenship to highlight how refugees’ quest for belonging and safety challenges usual assumptions about displacement: first, our data defy push-pull models of migration, showing that quick access to naturalization and generous welfare policies attracted some Syrians to Sweden, but were not enough to make them stay. The fact that for those leaving Sweden, the UK was only one possible destination—with other Syrians moving to the Global South—calls into question a hierarchy of desirable destinations with Western and Northern Europe at the top. Second, seen through the lens of affect, refugees’ and host states’ interactions are not merely legalistic or bureaucratic: while our interlocutors perceived Swedish welfare interventions and political discourse as top-down affective control, they also engaged in grassroots practices of affective citizenship, devising alternative forms of belonging through mobility. Ultimately, affective citizenship can inform ambitions to stay, or move on, regardless of how affluent host countries are. Third, while our protagonists’ back-and-forth movements point to the non-linearity of refugee journeys, their use of the UK’s EU Settlement Scheme as a deferred ‘insurance policy’ highlights the complexity of temporalities of displacement. Legal security may not be sufficient to ending refugees’ lingering feelings of insecurity, and thus not preclude further mobility-based strategies.
Association between preoperative antifungal therapy and postoperative complications in patients with pulmonary aspergilloma: A national database study in Japan
Authors: Takeda Keita , Yokoyama Akira , Fukami Takeshi , Kimura Yuya , Suzukawa Maho , Jo Taisuke , Suzuki Junko , Sasaki Yuka , Mitani Akihisa , Tanaka Goh , Fujita Asahi , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Nagase Takahide , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Postoperative complications of pulmonary resection in patients with pulmonary aspergilloma are common. Preoperative antifungal therapy is a perioperative management strategy to reduce postoperative complications; however, the benefit of the treatment remains controversial. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database (July 2010–March 2021), a national inpatient database in Japan. Patients with pulmonary aspergilloma with or without chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis who underwent pulmonary resection were identified and divided into two groups based on whether they received preoperative antifungal therapy. Propensity-score overlap weighting was performed to compare the occurrence of composite postoperative complications and postoperative length of hospital stay between the two groups. We identified 98 patients with pulmonary aspergilloma who received preoperative antifungal therapy and 399 patients who did not. After propensity-score overlap weighting, the preoperative antifungal therapy group had a significantly lower proportion of composite postoperative complications than the non-preoperative antifungal therapy group (6.8% vs. 14.2%, P = .038). There was no significant difference in postoperative length of stay between the groups with and without preoperative antifungal therapy (median 14.6 vs. 15.8 days, P = .41). Preoperative antifungal therapy was associated with a reduction in postoperative complications in patients with pulmonary aspergilloma. Preoperative treatment with antifungals may be beneficial in reducing the risk of postoperative complications in patients with pulmonary aspergilloma undergoing pulmonary resection.
Investigating Kozai–Lidov oscillations and disc tearing in Be star discs
Authors: Suffak M W , Jones C E , Carciofi A C 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Recent simulations of Be stars in misaligned binary systems have revealed that misalignment between the disc and binary orbit can cause the disc to undergo Kozai–Lidov (KL) oscillations or disc tearing. We build on our previous suite of three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations of equal-mass systems by simulating eight new misaligned Be star binary systems, with mass ratios of 0.1 and 0.5, or equal-mass systems with varying viscosity. We find the same phenomena occur as previously for mass ratios of 0.5, while the mass ratio of 0.1 does not cause KL oscillations or disc tearing for the parameters examined. With increased viscosity in our equal-mass simulations, we show that these phenomena and other oscillations are damped out and do not occur. We also briefly compare two viscosity prescriptions and find they can produce the same qualitative disc evolution. Next, we use the radiative transfer code hdust to predict observable trends of a KL oscillation, and show how the observables oscillate in sync with disc inclination and cause large changes in the polarization position angle. Our models generate highly complex line profiles, including triple-peak profiles that are known to occur in Be stars. The mapping between the SPH simulations and these triple-peak features gives us hints as to where they originate. Finally, we construct interferometric predictions of how a gap in the disc, produced by KL oscillations or disc tearing, perturbs the visibility versus baseline curve at multiple wavelengths, and can cause large changes to the differential phase profile across an emission line.
Conducting high-frequency radio SETI searches using ALMA
Authors: Mason Louisa A , Garrett Michael A , Wandia Kelvin , Siemion Andrew P V 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The Atacama Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) remains unparalleled in sensitivity at radio frequencies above 35 GHz. In this paper, we explore ALMA’s potential for narrow-band technosignature detection, considering factors such as the interferometer’s undistorted field of view, signal dilution due to significant drift rates at high frequencies and the possibility of spectral confusion. We present the first technosignature survey using archival ALMA data in Band 3, focusing on two spectral windows centred on 90.642 and 93.151 GHz. Our survey places new limits at these frequencies on the prevalence of extraterrestrial transmitters for 28 galactic stars, selected from the Gaia DR3 catalogue. We employ a stellar ‘bycatch’ method to sample these objects within the undistorted field of view of four ALMA calibrators. For the closest star in our sample, we find no evidence of transmitters with $\mathrm{ EIRP}_{\mathrm{ min}} \gt 7 \times 10^{17}$ W. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first technosignature search conducted using ALMA data.
Neutron star g modes in the relativistic Cowling approximation
Authors: Counsell A R , Gittins F , Andersson N , Pnigouras P 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Mature neutron stars are expected to exhibit gravity g modes due to stratification caused by a varying matter composition in the high-density core. By employing the BSk equation-of-state family, and working within the relativistic Cowling approximation, we examine how subtle differences in the nuclear matter assumptions impact on the g-mode spectrum. We investigate the possibility of detecting individual g-mode resonances during a binary inspiral with current and next-generation ground-based detectors, like Cosmic Explorer and the Einstein Telescope. Our results suggest that these resonances may be within the reach of future detectors, especially for low-mass stars with $M\lesssim 1.4\,\mathrm{ M}_\odot$.
Decreased foot-related quality of life is a risk factor for falls in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Haraguchi Akihisa , Kamo Kenta 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
The aim of this study is to assess the need to treat forefoot lesions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who are unaware of their foot problems.

Methods
From April to September 2022, 116 RA patients at Yamaguchi Red Cross hospital
were administered the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q), a self-assessment questionnaire on foot-related issues, and underwent forefoot radiography. We also assessed the occurrence of falls 1 year later. Among the 88 patients who were unaware of foot problems, we analysed the frequency and type of forefoot deformities and conducted a multivariate analysis to identify factors predicting falls during the 12-month follow-up.

Results
Of the unaware patients, 64 (72.7%) had forefoot deformities and 17 (19.3%) experienced falls within the first year. The fall group had a history of falls and lower SAFE-Q scores but did not significantly differ from others in terms of forefoot deformities. Multivariate analysis identified a history of falls and lower SAFE-Q scores as predictive factors for future falls.

Conclusions
Decreased foot-related quality of life is a risk factor for falls, even in patients who are unaware of their foot problems. Physicians should regularly assess foot-related quality of life using tools such as SAFE-Q to help prevent falls in RA patients.