bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroinflammation is associated with infiltration of T cells in Lewy body disease and ɑ-synuclein transgenic models.
Authors: Iba Michiyo , Kim Changyoun , Sallin Michelle , Kwon Somin , Verma Anjali , Overk Cassia , Rissman Robert , Sen Ranjan , Sen Jyoti , Masliah Eliezer 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: ɑ-synuclein (ɑ-syn) is a presynaptic protein which progressively accumulates in neuronal and non-neuronal cells in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy. Recent evidence suggests that aberrant immune activation may be involved in neurodegeneration in PD/DLB. While previous studies have often focused on the microglial responses, less is known about the role of the peripheral immune system in these disorders.Methods: To understand the involvement of the peripheral immune system in PD/DLB, we evaluated T cell populations in the brains of ɑ-syn transgenic (tg) mice (eg: Thy1 promoter line 61) and DLB patients.Results: Immunohistochemical analysis showed perivascular and parenchymal infiltration by CD3+/CD4+ helper T cells, but not cytotoxic T cells (CD3+/CD8+) or B cells (CD20+), in the neocortex, hippocampus, and striatum of ɑ-syn tg mice. CD3+ cells were found in close proximity to the processes of activated astroglia, particularly in areas of the brain with significant astrogliosis, microgliosis, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, a subset of CD3+ cells co-expressed interferon γ. Flow cytometric analysis of immune cells revealed that CD1d+ T cells were also increased in the brains of ɑ-syn tg mice and matched an expression profile consistent with natural killer T cells. In post-mortem DLB brains, we similarly detected CD3+ T cells that expressed CD4+ or CD1d+ in close proximity with blood vessels.Conclusion: These results suggest that infiltrating adaptive immune cells play an important role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in synucleinopathies and that modulating peripheral T cells may be a viable therapeutic strategy for PD/DLB.
Implementation of the Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP) for adults on a waiting list for a family physician
Authors: Kaczorowski Janusz , Lussier Marie-Thérèse , Girard Magali , Beaulieu-Carbonneau Audrey 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background The Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP) was originally developed and evaluated as a community-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention program in communities where access to family physicians was not a significant issue. Many Canadians now face sub-optimal access to a regular source of primary healthcare. Centralised waiting lists and prioritization based on urgency of medical need were created to address this problem. Our objective was to assess the potential benefits of offering a modified version of the CHAP program to adults on the waiting list.Methods The implementation was conducted in Laval (Canada), targeting individuals 40 years of age or older who were registered on the waiting list (GACO) and had a priority code of 3. Participants were invited through a personalized letter to attend sessions in community health centres. The sessions were facilitated by trained volunteers and supervised by a nurse. During the sessions, participants completed CVD risk profiles, risk of type 2 diabetes questionnaire (CANRISK); had their blood pressure, height and weight as well as waist circumference measured; received targeted healthy lifestyle and patient education materials; and were referred to local programs including a medical follow-up, when required.Results A total of 2,036 invitation letters were sent resulting in 281 (14.2%) participants attending one of 26 3-hour sessions held in 4 community health centres, assisted by 33 volunteers and supervised by a nurse. The average age of attendees was 58.1 (SD=8.2) and a majority were female (58%, n=163). Most participants were sedentary (57.3%, n=161), had low fruit and vegetable consumption (54.4%, n=153), and were overweight (38.9%, n=109) or obese (41.7%, n=117). A third of participants (34.2%, n=96) had BP ≥140/90 and 11.4% (n=32) were classified as having a very high risk for developing diabetes. Over 40% (n=117) of participants were referred to health promotion programs offered by local health authorities and 4.6% (n=13) were referred to family physicians or emergency departments (1.8%, n=5) for short-term medical assistance.Conclusions Many Laval adults on a waiting list for a family physician would greatly benefit from having a regular source of primary healthcare to prevent, delay, and manage their cardiovascular health.
Construction of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network based on differentially co-expressed circular RNA in gastric cancer tissue and plasma by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Gong Yu , Qi Xiaoyang , Fu Jinjin , Qian Jun , Jiao Yuwen , Yang Haojun , Tang Liming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence implicates circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been involved in human cancer progression. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we identified novel circRNAs related to gastric cancer and constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.Methods: Microarray dataset GSE83521 and GSE93541 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then, we used computational biology to select differentially co-expressed circRNAs in GC tissue and plasma and detected the expression of selected circRNAs in gastric cell lines by quantitative real‑time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‑PCR). We also chose the candidate miRNAs and their target genes for circRNAs through online tools. Combining the predictions of miRNAs and target mRNAs, a competing endogenous RNA regulatory network was established. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed, and interactions between proteins were predicted by using String and Cytoscape. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to elucidate the possible functions of these differentially expressed circRNAs.Results: The regulatory network constructed using the microarray datasets (GSE83521 and GSE93541) contained three differentially co-expressed circRNAs (DECs). A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed based on 3 circRNAs, 43 miRNAs and 119 mRNAs. GO and KEGG analysis showed that regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway and PI3K−Akt signaling pathway were highest degrees of enrichment respectively. We established a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network consisting of 165 nodes and 170 edges and identified hub genes by MCODE plugin in Cytoscape. Furthermore, a core circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed base on hub genes. Hsa_circ_0001013 was finally determined to play an important role in the pathogenesis of GC according to the core circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.Conclusions: We propose a new circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network associated with the pathogenesis of GC. The network may become a new molecular biomarker and be used to develop potential therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer.
Chiropractic students in Denmark and their adherence to chiropractic conservatism: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nim Casper Glissmann , Lauridsen Henrik Hein , O'Neill Søren , Goncalves Guillaume , Jensen Rikke Krüger , Leboeuf-Yde Charlotte 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

The chiropractic profession is split between those practicing evidence-informed and those whose practice is honed by vitalism. The latter has been coined ‘chiropractic conservatism’. Concerningly, this behavior is also present in students, as a recent survey conducted on students from a European private chiropractic college showed that chiropractic conservatism was the norm. This was also present in two Australian university-based institutions not associated to a medial faculty. In Denmark, the chiropractic program is university-based and firmly embedded in a medical faculty. We were curious if the same levels of conservatism were present in this setup. The objectives of this study were to establish the level of conservatism in Danish chiropractic students, to investigate if this was linked to year of study, and to compare the results from previous studies on the university and non-university-based institutions.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey on 122 (73%) 3rd to 5th year chiropractic students attending the University of Southern Denmark was conducted. Information about the project was sent out on October 1st, 2019. Participants were provided with a questionnaire consisting of 10 items concerning chiropractic conservatism. All ten answers were dichotomized into appropriate/inappropriate and summed up. This score was used in a linear regression to determine the association with academic year of study. The level of conservatism was thereafter categorized into four groups (group 1 indicating low levels of conservatism and group 4 indicating high levels of conservatism). These results were compared systematically to those of the previous studies.

Results

In general, the Danish chiropractic students had low conservatism scores, and this decreased with increased year of study. Seventy percent of the students were placed in the two lowest conservative groups . The Danish students answered consistently, on 3 out of 5 items, with the other university-based programs, both agreeing that adjustments can make the body function at 100% and that they can improve the health of infants. An inverse relationship was observed with the private college, whose students were primarily placed in the highest conservatism group.

Conclusions

The Danish chiropractic students did not show the same level of conservatism as the private college, but were more comparable to the other university-based programs. Despite a favorable environment, some students were still linked with some conservative thinking, but this did decrease with increasing year of study.
Evaluation of adhesion barrier types in a rat hepatectomy-induced adhesion model
Authors: Shimizu Atsushi , Kai Miho , Tasaki Masako , Chino Naotaka , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Kokudo Norihiro 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Adhesion formation after hepatectomy creates problems for repeat hepatectomy. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a spray (AdSpray) and sheet adhesion barrier (Seprafilm) in a rat hepatectomy-induced adhesion model.Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent partial resection of the left lateral liver lobe. They were randomly assigned to control (n=10), AdSpray (n=10), and Seprafilm groups. Seven days after surgery, the animals were sacrificed, and adhesions at the hepatic resection surface were blindly evaluated.Results: In the control group, adhesions were formed in all 10 animals (100%), with a 69% adhesion extent (mean). In the AdSpray group, the incidence of adhesions (40%) and the adhesion extent (mean, 10%) were significantly lower than in the control group. In the Seprafilm group, the adhesion extent (mean, 30%) was significantly lower than in the control group. As for histopathological examination, animals in the AdSpray group showed a similar healing profile to that of the control group without delayed healing and regeneration of mesothelial cells. In contrast, the Seprafilm group showed ongoing foreign body reaction to Seprafilm, and regeneration of mesothelial cells was immature at 7 days.Conclusions: Both the spray-type gel and sheet adhesion barriers significantly reduced adhesion formation after hepatectomy. The spray-type adhesion barrier caused no adverse events and induced favorable healing. These adhesion barriers may be effective in hepatectomy.
Impact of Gender Differences and Glycated Haemoglobin on Atherosclerosis Risk in Type 2 Diabetic Patients from North Western Algeria
Authors: BOURAGBA Imane , BOULARBAG Hannane , DIAF Mustapha 
Published: April 2020

In type 2 diabetic patients, blood lipids and lipid ratios have been proven to be associated with atherosclerosis risk; however, results about the effect of gender differences had not been fully conclusive. In this transversal comparative study, a total of 129 adult type 2 diabetic patients (54 men and 75 women), from north western Algeria, was included to highlight the impact of gender differences on atherosclerosis risk (assessed by lipid ratios) according to their diabetic profile. Comparing between the two genders, no significant differences (p>0.05) were noted on diabetes duration, central obesity, body mass index and blood pressures. Moreover, the basic biochemical parameters of both glycaemic and lipid metabolism were not meaningfully divergent. However, higher significant values (p<0.05) of body weight, height, HbA1c levels, HDL and lipid ratios (TC/HDL, LDL/HDL and TG/HDL) were observed in male patients comparing to females. According to the HbA1c levels (HbA1c<7%vs. HbA1c≥ 7%); notable higher CT/HDL, LDL/HDL and TG/HDL in male patients comparing to women were found. The rates of these three lipid ratios were often higher in both classes of HbA1c. The consideration of gender differences is very important for prevention, diagnosis, treatment and management of atherosclerosis and CVD. The disparity in atherogenic risk, in both genders, estimated by lipid ratios need to be critically examined. Further, interventional studies are needed to determine how sex can modulate the impacts of diabetes control parameters on atherosclerosis risk.
How extreme can unit discharge become in steep Norwegian catchments?
Authors: Bruland Oddbjørn 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study presents results of observations and analysis of the flood event in Utvik on 24 July 2017. Observations during and after the event, hydraulic simulations and hydrological modelling along with meteorological observations, are used to estimate the peak discharge of the flood. Although both observations and hydraulic simulations of flood extremes are uncertain, even the most conservative assumptions lead to discharge estimates higher than 160 m3/s at culmination of the flood from the 25 km2-large catchment. The most extreme assumptions indicate it may have been up to 400 m3/s, but there is also strong evidence for the discharge at culmination being between 200 and 250 m3/s. Observations disclosed that the majority of water came from about 50% of the catchment area giving unit discharges up to 18 to 22 m3/s,km2. If the entire catchment contributed it would be from 9 to 11 m3/s,km2. This is significantly higher than previously documented unit discharges in Norway and in the range of the highest observed peak unit discharges in southern Europe. The precipitation causing this event is estimated to be three to five times higher than a 200-year precipitation taken from the intensity–duration–frequency curves for the studied region.
Forecasting of droughts and tree mortality under global warming: a review of causative mechanisms and modeling methods
Authors: Han Jeongwoo , Singh Vijay P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDroughts of greater severity are expected to occur more frequently at larger space-time scales under global warming and climate change. Intensified drought and increased rainfall intermittency will heighten tree mortality. To mitigate drought-driven societal and environmental hazards, reliable long-term drought forecasting is critical. This review examines causative mechanisms for drought and tree mortality, and synthesizes stochastic, statistical, dynamical, and hybrid statistical-dynamical drought forecasting models as well as theoretical, empirical, and mechanistic tree mortality forecasting models. Since an increase in global mean temperature changes the strength of sea surface temperature (SST) teleconnections, forecasting models should have the flexibility to incorporate the varying causality of drought. Some of the statistical drought forecasting models, which have nonlinear and nonstationary natures, can be merged with dynamical models to compensate for their lack of stochastic structure in order to improve forecasting skills. Since tree mortality is mainly affected by a hydraulic failure under drought conditions, mechanistic forecasting models, due to their capacity to track the percentage of embolisms against available soil water, are adequate to forecast tree mortality. This study also elucidates approaches to improve long-term drought forecasting and regional tree mortality forecasting as a future outlook for drought studies.
Liposome Circulation Time is Prolonged by CD47 Coating
Authors: Hayat Seyed Mohammad Gheibi , Jaafari Mahmoud R. , Hatamipour Mahdi , Penson Peter E. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
Bio-degradable nano-particles have many applications as drug delivery
vehicles because of their good bio-availability, controlled release, low toxicity and potential for encapsulation.
However, the most important obstacle to nanoparticulate drug delivery is elimination
by macrophages which reduces the residence time of nanoparticles in the blood. To overcome this
problem, the surface of the nanoparticle can be passivated by coating with Polyethylene glycol
(PEG). However, the use of PEG has its own disadvantages. CD47 receptor acts as a self marker
on the surface of many cells and inhibits phagocytosis. This study used a CD47 mimicry peptide as
a substitute for PEG to fabricate “stealth” nanoliposome with reduced macrophage clearance.

Methods:
Doxorubibin was used as a model drug because of its inherent fluorescence. Doxorubicin-
containing liposomes were coated with different percentages of CD47 mimicry peptide (0.5%
and 1%). PEG-functionalized doxorubicin-containing liposomes, were used as a comparator. The
liposomal formulations were intravenously injected into mice. Serum was collected at pre-defined
time points and tissue samples were taken at 24 hours. Fluorescence was used to determine the concentration
doxorubicin in serum, heart, spleen, kidney, liver and lung tissues.

Results:
Tissue biodistribution and serum kinetic studies indicated that compared with PEG, the
use of CD47 mimicry peptide increased the circulation time of doxorubicin in the circulation. Moreover,
unwanted accumulation of doxorubicin in the reticuloendothelial tissues (liver and spleen),
kidney and heart was significantly decreased by the CD47 mimicry peptide.

Conclusion:
The use of a CD47 mimicry peptide on the surface of nanoliposomes improved the
residence time of liposomal doxorubicin in the circulation. The accumulation of drug in non-target
tissues was reduced, thereby potentially reducing toxicity.
Novel Perspective for Antithrombotic Therapy in TAVI
Authors: Drakopoulou Maria , Soulaidopoulos Stergios , Oikonomou George , Stathogiannis Konstantinos , Latsios George , Synetos Andreas , Tousoulis Dimitrios , Toutouzas Konstantinos 
Published: April 2020

:
While surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) was for years the only available treatment for symptomatic
aortic stenosis, the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in 2002 and the improvement
of its technical aspects in the following years, has holistically changed the synchronous therapeutic
approach of aortic valve stenosis. Recent evidence has expanded the indication of TAVI from high to lower surgical
risk populations with symptomatic aortic stenosis. The administration of antithrombotic therapy periprocedurally
and its maintenance after a successful TAVI is crucial for the prevention of complications and affects
postprocedural survival. Randomized controlled trials investigating the appropriate combination and the
duration of antithrombotic treatment after TAVI are for the moment scarce. This review article sheds light on the
underlying pathogenetic mechanisms contributing in periprocedural TAVI thrombotic complications and discuss
the efficacy of current antithrombotic policies as evaluated in randomized trials.
Identification of SNP Markers Associated with Iron and Zinc Concentrations in Cicer Seeds
Authors: Karaca Nur , Ates Duygu , Nemli Seda , Ozkuru Esin , Yilmaz Hasan , Yagmur Bulent , Kartal Canan , Tosun Muzaffer , Ozdestan Ozgul , Otles Semih , Kahriman Abdullah , Chang Peter , Tanyolac Muhammed Bahattin 
Published: April 2020

Background:Cicer reticulatum L. is the wild progenitor of chickpea Cicer arietinum L., the fourth most important pulse crop in the world. Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are vital micronutrients that play crucial roles in sustaining life by acting as co-factors for various proteins.Aims and Objectives:In order to improve micronutrient-dense chickpea lines, this study aimed to investigate variability and detect DNA markers associated with Fe and Zn concentrations in the seeds of 73 cultivated (C. arietinum L.) and 107 C. reticulatum genotypes.Methods:A set of 180 accessions was genotyped using 20,868 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers obtained from genotyping by sequencing analysis.Results:The results revealed substantial variation in the seed Fe and Zn concentration of the surveyed population. Using STRUCTURE software, the population structure was divided into two groups according to the principal component analysis and neighbor-joining tree analysis. A total of 23 and 16 associated SNP markers related to Fe and Zn concentrations, respectively were identified in TASSEL software by the mixed linear model method. Significant SNP markers found in more than two environments were accepted as more reliable than those that only existed in a single environment.Conclusion:The identified markers can be used in marker-assisted selection in chickpea breeding programs for the improvement of seed Fe and Zn concentrations in the chickpea.
N-glycomic Analysis of Z(IgA1) Partitioned Serum and Salivary Immunoglobulin A by Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Meszaros Brigitta , Kovacs Zsuzsanna , Gebri Eniko , Jankovics Hajnalka , Vonderviszt Ferenc , Kiss Attila , Simon Adam , Botka Sarolta , Hortobagyi Tibor , Guttman Andras 
Published: April 2020

Aims:
Application of capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescence
detection (CE-LIF) to identify the N-glycosylation structures of serum and saliva IgA from
healthy controls and patients with malignant hematological diseases having cytostatic
treatment induced mild oral mucosal lesions.

Background:
Altered N-glycosylation of body fluid glycoproteins can be an effective
indicator of most inflammatory processes. Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the second highest
abundant immunoglobulin and has a major role in the immune-defense against potential
pathogen attacks. While IgA is abundant in serum, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is
one of the most prevalent proteins in mucosal surfaces, such as in saliva.

Objective:
Our aim was to investigate the changes of IgA glycosylation in serum and
saliva as a response to an administered cytostatic treatment in patients with malignant
hematological disorders.

Methods:
Capillary electrophoresis with laser induced fluorescent detection (CE-LIF)
was used to analyze the N-glycosylation profiles of Z(IgA1) partitioned immunoglobulin A
in pooled serum and saliva of 10 control subjects and 8 patients with malignant
hematological diseases having cytostatic treatment induced mild oral mucosal lesions.

Results:
Eight of 31 and four of 38 N-glycans in serum and saliva, respectively, showed
significant (p<0.05) differences upon comparison to the control group. Thirteen glycans
were present in the saliva but not in the serum, on the other hand, six structures were
found in the serum samples not present in the saliva.

Conclusion:
The developed Z(IgA1) partitioning and the high resolution CE-LIF based
glyocoanalytical methods provided an efficient and sensitive workflow to detect and
monitor IgA glycosylation alterations in serum and saliva with the scope for widespread
molecular medicinal use.