bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and incidence of pre‐diabetes and diabetes mellitus among people living with HIV in Ghana: Evidence from the EVERLAST Study
Authors: Sarfo Fred Stephen , Norman Betty , Nichols Michelle , Appiah Lambert , Osei Assibey Shadrack , Tagge Raelle , Ovbiagele Bruce 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundAvailable data from high‐income countries suggest that people living with HIV (PLWH) have a four‐fold higher risk of diabetes compared with HIV‐negative people. In sub‐Saharan Africa, with 80% of the global burden of HIV, there is a relative paucity of data on the burden and determinants of prevalent and incident dysglycaemia.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and incidence of pre‐diabetes (pre‐DM) and overt diabetes mellitus (DM) among PLWH in a Ghanaian tertiary medical centre.MethodsWe first performed a cross‐sectional comparative analytical study involving PLWH on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) (n = 258), PLWH not on cART (n = 244) and HIV‐negative individuals (n = 242). Diabetes, pre‐DM and normoglycaemia were defined as haemoglobin A1C (HBA1c) > 6.5%, in the range 5.7–6.4% and < 5.7% respectively. We then prospectively followed up the PLWH for 12 months to assess rates of new‐onset DM, and composite of new‐onset DM and pre‐DM. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with dysglycaemia among PLWH.ResultsThe frequencies of DM among PLWH on cART, PLWH not on cART and HIV‐negative individuals were 7.4%, 6.6% and 7.4% (P = 0.91), respectively, while pre‐DM prevalence rates were 13.2%, 27.9% and 27.3%, respectively (P < 0.0001). Prevalent DM was independently associated with increasing age [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) (aOR, 95% CI) = 1.82 (1.20–2.77) for each 10‐year rise], male sex [aOR = 2.64 (1.20–5.80)] and log(triglyceride/HDL cholesterol) [aOR = 8.54 (2.53–28.83)]. Prevalent pre‐DM was independently associated with being on cART [aOR (95% CI) = 0.35 (0.18–0.69)]. There were a total of 12 cases of incident DM over 359.25 person‐years, giving 33.4/1000 person‐years of follow‐up (PYFU) (95% CI: 18.1–56.8/1000), and an rate of incident pre‐DM of 212.7/1000 PYFU (95 CI: 164.5–270.9/1000). The two independent factors associated with new‐onset DM were having pre‐DM at enrolment [aOR = 6.27 (1.89–20.81)] and being established on cART at enrolment [aOR = 12.02 (1.48–97.70)].ConclusionsIncidence rates of pre‐DM and overt DM among Ghanaian PLWH on cART ranks among the highest in the literature. There is an urgent need for routine screening and a multidisciplinary approach to cardiovascular disease risk reduction among PLWH to reduce morbidity and mortality from the detrimental effects of dysglycaemia.
Validation study of the Japanese version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Testicular Cancer 26 for patients with testicular cancer
Authors: Yamashita Shinichi , Suzukamo Yoshimi , Kakimoto Kenichi , Uemura Motohide , Kishida Takeshi , Kawai Koji , Nakamura Terukazu , Goto Takayuki , Osawa Takahiro , Yamada Shigeyuki , Nishimura Kazuo , Nonomura Norio , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Shiraishi Takumi , Ukimura Osamu , Ogawa Osamu , Shinohara Nobuo , Ito Akihiro , Arai Yoichi 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo validate the Japanese version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Testicular Cancer 26 in Japanese‐speaking testicular cancer survivors.MethodsA total of 200 testicular cancer survivors were recruited at eight high‐volume institutions in Japan. The participants completed the Japanese version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Testicular Cancer 26, the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30 and the International Index of Erectile Function 15 questionnaires. A total of 40 participants completed a retest of the questionnaires 2 weeks after the first response. The psychometric properties of the Japanese version including test–retest reliability, internal consistency and concurrent validity were evaluated.ResultsThe mean age at response was 43 years (range 22–74 years), and the mean period after treatment was 77 months (range 0–416 months). The response rate for each item, except sexual function, was high, and the percentage of missing values was less than 3.5%. For test–retest reliability, seven of 12 scales met the criteria (intraclass correlation 0.70–0.86). For internal consistency, four of seven scales met the criteria (Cronbach’s alpha 0.62–0.91). For concurrent validity, treatment side effects of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Testicular Cancer 26 were related to some domains of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Core 30. The sex‐related subscales of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Testicular Cancer 26 were moderately correlated with some International Index of Erectile Function 15 domains.ConclusionsThe psychometric properties of the Japanese version are equivalent to the properties of the original European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Testicular Cancer 26. The Japanese version of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire‐Testicular Cancer 26 questionnaire is a useful tool to assess the health‐related quality of life of testicular cancer patients.
L'Organisation internationale du Travail et le travail pénitentiaire: une invitation à changer de paradigme
Authors: MILMAN‐SIVAN Faina , SAGY Yair 
Published: November 2020

RésuméLes auteurs reviennent sur la vision normative de l'OIT concernant le travail pénitentiaire, qu'ils jugent déconnectée de la réalité des prisons, où l'on constate un foisonnement de formes hybrides de travail des détenus, mêlant secteur public et secteur privé. Ils décrivent les controverses qui entourent la position de l'OIT, à l'heure où les États Membres pressent l'Organisation d'assouplir une vision dichotomique, toujours plus contestée. L'article montre les risques auxquels l'OIT s'expose si elle devait camper sur ses positions, mais aussi si elle adoptait la position défendue par certains de ses États Membres. Les auteurs proposent deux options permettant de dépasser ces positions antagonistes.
An iterative combinatorial auction design for fractional ownership of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Bogyrbayeva Aigerim , Takalloo Mahdi , Charkhgard Hadi , Kwon Changhyun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study designs a new market for fractional ownership of autonomous vehicles (AVs), in which an AV is co‐leased by a group of individuals. We present a practical iterative auction based on the combinatorial clock auction to match the interested customers together and determine their payments. In designing such an auction, we consider continuous‐time items (time slots) that are defined by bidders and naturally exploit driverless mobility of AVs to form co‐leasing groups. To relieve the computational burdens of both bidders and the auctioneer, we devise user agents who generate packages and bid on behalf of bidders. Through numerical experiments using the California 2010–2012 travel survey, we test the performance of the auction design. We also compare various bidding strategies and study the effect of activity rules on the bidders' payoffs. We find that the designed activity rules successfully remove the strategic behavior of bidders. We also find that core‐selecting payment rule brings the largest revenue to the auctioneer in most cases.
Orchestrating cradle‐to‐cradle innovation across the value chain: Overcoming barriers through innovation communities, collaboration mechanisms, and intermediation
Authors: Hansen Erik G. , Schmitt Julia C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe circular economy (CE) aims at cycling products and materials in closed technical and biological loops. Cradle to cradle (C2C) operationalizes the CE with a product design concept rooted in the circulation of “healthy” materials because contamination of materials with substances of concern hampers cycling and may pose risks to people in contact with them. Extant research shows that barriers often hinder organizations from successfully pursuing cradle‐to‐cradle product innovation (CPI). Innovation community theory helps to explain how to overcome barriers and further the innovation process by taking a microlevel perspective on intra‐ and interorganizational collaboration of individual promotors (or champions). We elaborate innovation community theory with a longitudinal embedded case study of a C2C frontrunner company with the goal to get a precise understanding of how promotors collaborate in the CPI process. Our contribution is threefold: We identify eight collaboration mechanisms used between promotors to sequentially overcome a hub firm's individual, organizational, value chain, and institutional level barriers to circularity. Second, we differentiate these mechanisms according to their cooperative and coordinative facets and put emphasis on the coordinative functions of those mechanisms linked to the C2C standard. Third, we highlight the importance of promotors at the linking level who facilitate the CPI process as intermediaries.
Evaluation of cochlear involvement and hearing function in lipoid proteinosis patients
Authors: Yukkaldıran Ahmet , An İsa , Erdoğan Osman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundLipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare genodermatosis involving amorphous hyaline accumulation in the skin, oral mucosa, larynx, mucous membranes, and viscera.AimsIn this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hyaline accumulation on cochlear function and hearing in LP patients.Patients/MethodsIn this prospective study, 20 patients who were followed up with a diagnosis of LP between October 2016 and April 2020 in our clinic and 20 healthy individuals of the same age and gender, as a control group, were included. Pure‐tone audiometry, tympanometry, and distortion‐product otoacoustic emission tests of the patient and control groups were performed. The audiological results of the LP and control groups were compared statistically.ResultsIn the comparison of air‐conduction thresholds between groups in pure‐tone audiometry, hearing thresholds in the patient group were found to be higher than the control group at frequencies of 250, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz for the right ear, and 500 and 4000 Hz for the left ear. In the comparison of signal‐noise responses between groups in distortion‐product otoacoustic emission (DP‐OAE) test, signal‐noise responses in the right and left ear at frequencies of 1000, 2000, 4000, and 6000 Hz were lower in the patient group than in the control group.ConclusionWe found that the cochlear functions of patients with LP were affected due to the increase in hearing thresholds and decreased signal‐noise responses. We think that LP patients are candidates for hearing loss in their later life.
Liquidity Supply in the Corporate Bond Market
Authors: GOLDBERG JONATHAN , NOZAWA YOSHIO 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThis paper examines dealer inventory capacity, or liquidity supply, as a driver of liquidity and expected returns in the corporate bond market. We identify shocks to aggregate liquidity supply using data on corporate bond yields and dealer positions. Liquidity supply shocks lead to persistent changes in market liquidity, are correlated with proxies for dealer financial constraints, and have significant explanatory power for cross‐sectional and time‐series variation in expected returns, beyond standard risk factors. Our findings point to liquidity supply by financially constrained intermediaries as a main driver of market liquidity and asset prices.
Reply to Timothy Hinton on Gareth Moore's Philosophy of God
Authors: Robinson Howard 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHinton's defence of Gareth's philosophy is welcome - but I don't think it works. This is because he does not show how, on Gareth's theory, ‘God’ can be referential, and, if it is not referential, then ‘belief in God’ cannot be taken in any literal sense. Sadly, I stand by my original claim that the radical, Phillipsian Wittgensteinianism that Gareth adopts is a form of informal positivism that only allows an expressivist sense to religious, and, indeed, all metaphysical language.
Association between pain sensitivity and gray matter properties in the sensorimotor network in women with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Grinsvall Cecilia , Ryu Hyo Jin , Van Oudenhove Lukas , Labus Jennifer S. , Gupta Arpana , Ljungberg Maria , Törnblom Hans , Mayer Emeran A. , Simrén Magnus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundEnhanced perception of visceral stimuli is an important feature of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), but it is not known whether visceral sensitivity is associated with regional structural brain properties in IBS.MethodsStructural brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 216 women with IBS and 138 healthy women were parcellated with FreeSurfer to define regional gray matter morphometry (volume, cortical thickness, surface area and mean curvature) in the sensorimotor network. General linear models were used to detect group differences between IBS and health. In a second set of 48 female IBS patients, pain threshold, pain intensity ratings during rectal balloon distension, and reported levels of abdominal pain and bloating were correlated with brain regions that showed differences between IBS and health in the first data set.Key ResultsSeveral statistically significant differences between IBS patients and healthy controls were found, mainly higher gray matter volume and cortical thickness in primary somatosensory cortex, secondary somatosensory cortex, and subcortical regions, and lesser gray matter volume, surface area and cortical thickness in posterior insula and superior frontal gyrus. Pain intensity ratings during rectal distension were associated with left primary somatosensory cortical thickness, and pain threshold was associated with right nucleus accumbens volume.Conclusions and InferencesRegional gray matter differences in sensorimotor network are associated with visceral sensitivity and may represent neuroplastic changes in female IBS patients.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) in children: A combined multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Sleiwah Aseel , Psomadakis Cristina , Craythorne Emma , Stefanato Catherine M. , Rickaby William , Robson Alistair , Mellerio Jemima E. , Greig Aina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is rare, comprising (1%‐6%) of all sarcomas. The incidence is less than one per million before the age of 20. It is a locally aggressive tumor with a low risk of metastasis. We share our experience in the management of three pediatric patients with complex cases of DFSP in a combined surgical approach involving plastic and dermatologic surgery, using the slow Mohs micrographic surgery technique.
TiO2 Synthesis by the Pechini’s Method and Application for Diclofenac Photodegradation†
Authors: Souza Danilo R. , Neves João Vitor S. , França Yago K.S. , Malheiro Wellington C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work, the effect of the calcination temperature on the TiO2 synthesis using Pechini’s method was reported. The adopted calcination temperatures were 500, 600, and 700°C. XRD measurements indicated the composition of crystalline phases, and from there, the conversion of the anatase phase to rutile. TiO2 Evonik® was used as a reference standard and sodium diclofenac as a standard for photodegradation assessment. The average crystalline size increased. In both cases, this trend accompanied the increase in calcination temperature. The optical properties were performed using diffuse UV‐Vis reflectance. Results obtained indicated maximum absorption wavelength values more intense and displaced to the visible region. Also, the estimated band gap energy values decreased. The photocatalytic performance of TiO2 samples was superior to the reference catalyst (TiO2 Evonik®). Especially in the first 10 minutes, the comparative photodegradation was up to approximately 58% higher. The photodegradation kinetic constants were also higher, and by comparison, up to approximately 73% higher. Toxicity measurements, using Artemias salina, also indicated similar decay behavior in the first 10 minutes, with a performance of up to approximately 60%.
Transcript abundance of anti‐Mullérian hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor predicted superstimulatory response in embryo donor Holstein cows
Authors: Abdel Aziz Rabie L. , Abdel‐Wahab Ahmed , Ibrahim Marwa A. , Kasimanickam Ramanathan K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe goal was to investigate the relationship among mRNA expressions of anti‐Mullérian hormone (AMH), follicle‐stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and responses to superovulation (SO) in embryo donor dairy cows. Holstein cows (n = 19) were submitted to a standard SO protocol, with twice daily FSH treatments, and artificially inseminated. Prior to SO (Day 0), relative mRNA expressions of AMH and FSHR in blood were determined for all cows. Day 7 embryos were collected and were graded to determine superovulatory response for each donor. Results showed that relative mRNA expressions of AMH and FSHR were positively correlated (R2 = 0.94). Relative mRNA expressions of both AMH and FSHR were positively correlated with total embryos (R2 = 0.68 and 0.69, respectively), total transferable embryos (R2 = 0.92 and 0.97, respectively) and total grade 1 embryos (R2 = 0.54 and 0.59, respectively). Further, transcript abundances of AMH and FSHR positively associated with milk production of donor cows, and meanwhile, they were negatively associated with days in milk (DIM) at submission of cows to SO (p < .05) protocol. The relative mRNA expression of AMH was higher (p < .05) in donor cows <5 years of age. However, age of donor at superovulation did not influence mRNA expression of FSHR. Collectively, we infer that the mRNA expressions of AMH and FSHR prior to superovulation can predict donor cows’ positive response to superovulation.
Did Mali benefit from joining the CFA zone? An analysis using the synthetic control method
Authors: Strong Christine O. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article examines the benefits of CFA zone membership by estimating the effects of joining the CFA zone on short‐run business cycle indicators such as income per capita and inflation as well as long‐term economic indicators such as trade relations with France and foreign direct investment (FDI) in Mali. Using the synthetic control method, we show that Mali’s CFA membership has a positive effect on its income, inflation, and FDI but no discernible effect on trade relations with France. We conclude that joining the CFA zone can generate potential economic gains for countries seeking membership by fostering growth and providing price stability but does not necessarily increase trade relations with France even though the CFA is a former French colonial currency.
Nonparametric extreme conditional expectile estimation
Authors: Girard Stéphane , Stupfler Gilles , Usseglio‐Carleve Antoine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExpectiles and quantiles can both be defined as the solution of minimization problems. Contrary to quantiles though, expectiles are determined by tail expectations rather than tail probabilities, and define a coherent risk measure. For these two reasons in particular, expectiles have recently started to be considered as serious candidates to become standard tools in actuarial and financial risk management. However, expectiles and their sample versions do not benefit from a simple explicit form, making their analysis significantly harder than that of quantiles and order statistics. This difficulty is compounded when one wishes to integrate auxiliary information about the phenomenon of interest through a finite‐dimensional covariate, in which case the problem becomes the estimation of conditional expectiles. In this paper, we exploit the fact that the expectiles of a distribution F are in fact the quantiles of another distribution E explicitly linked to F, in order to construct nonparametric kernel estimators of extreme conditional expectiles. We analyze the asymptotic properties of our estimators in the context of conditional heavy‐tailed distributions. Applications to simulated data and real insurance data are provided.
Morphology of the cisterna chyli in nine dogs with idiopathic chylothorax and in six healthy dogs assessed by computed tomographic lymphangiography
Authors: Rengert Roger , Wilkinson Tom , Singh Ameet , Brisson Brigitte A. , Fransson Boel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the morphology of the lymphatics in the region of the cisterna chyli in healthy dogs and in dogs with idiopathic chylothorax by using computed tomographic lymphangiography.Study DesignRetrospective study.AnimalsNine dogs with idiopathic chylothorax and six healthy dogs.MethodsComputed tomographic lymphangiograms were reviewed to evaluate the number of cisterna chyli branches, total cross‐sectional area of the branches normalized to the cross‐sectional area of the aorta, number of branches with cross‐sectional area greater than 25% of the aorta cross‐sectional area, and ratio of the total perimeter to the total cross‐sectional area of the branches. Data (mean ± SD) were compared between unaffected dogs and dogs with idiopathic chylothorax.ResultsThe cisterna chyli included more branches in dogs with chylothorax (4.30 ± 1.57) than in unaffected dogs (1.67 ± 0.56, P = .02), occupying a relative perimeter approximately double that in unaffected dogs (P < .001). The relative cross‐sectional area of the cisterna chyli was approximately twofold smaller in affected (0.73 ± 0.35) than in unaffected (1.63 ± 0.91, P = .02) dogs. The fraction of dogs with branches greater than 25% of the cross‐sectional area of the aorta tended to be larger in unaffected dogs (P = .07). Most larger branches were located dorsal or to the right of the aorta.ConclusionThe cisterna chyli of dogs with idiopathic chylothorax contained smaller and more numerous branches compared with that of unaffected dogs.Clinical significanceAltered cisterna chyli morphology may impact the surgical approach for cisterna chyli ablation in dogs with idiopathic chylothorax.
Nonlinear Dynamics and Stability of Shallow Spherical Caps Under Pressure Loading
Authors: Iarriccio Giovanni , Pellicano Francesco 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The post-buckling and nonlinear dynamic response of shallow spherical caps subjected to external pressure is analyzed. The Novozhilov's nonlinear thin shell theory is used to express the strain–displacement relations. Following the Rayleigh-Ritz method, the displacement fields are expanded using a mixed series: Legendre polynomials in the meridional direction, harmonic functions in the circumferential direction. Once the linear analysis is completed, the displacement fields are re-expanded and the nonlinear dynamic model is obtained by using the Lagrange equations. The response of clamped caps, made of isotropic and homogeneous material, is investigated. The bifurcation analyses of equilibrium points and periodic orbits are presented by using continuation techniques. Benchmark results are provided in terms of natural frequencies and critical buckling loads. The dynamic effects due to the interaction between static and dynamic pressure are investigated. Numerical results pointed out that, under particular load conditions, dynamic bifurcation results in nonnegligible asymmetric states activation in the response of the structure.