bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective evaluation of autoimmune and non-autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism in Down syndrome children
Authors: Pepe Giorgia , Corica Domenico , De Sanctis Luisa , Salerno Mariacarolina , Faienza Maria Felicia , Tessaris Daniele , Tuli Gerdi , Scala Iris , Penta Laura , Alibrandi Angela , Pajno Giovanni Battista , Aversa Tommaso , Wasniewska Malgorzata , _ _ 
Published: January 2020

Objective
To evaluate the prevalence and natural course of autoimmune and non-autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) in Down syndrome (DS) children and adolescents.

Design
Prospective multicenter study.

Methods
For the study, 101 DS patients with SH (TSH 5–10 mIU/L; FT4 12–22 pmol/L), aged 2–17 years at SH diagnosis were enrolled. Annual monitoring of TSH, FT4, BMI, height, and L-thyroxine dose was recorded for 5 years. Thyroid autoimmunity was tested at diagnosis and at the end of follow-up.

Results
Thirty-seven out of 101 patients displayed autoantibody positivity (group A); the remaining 64 were classified as non-autoimmune SH (group B). Group A was characterized by higher median age at SH diagnosis and by more frequent family history of thyroid disease (6.6 vs 4.7 years, P = 0.001; 32.4% vs 7.8%, P = 0.001 respectively), whereas congenital heart defects were more common in group B (65.6% vs 43.2%, P = 0.028). Gender, median BMI (SDS), height (SDS), FT4, and TSH were similar in both groups. At the end of follow-up: 35.1% of group A patients developed overt hypothyroidism (OH) vs 17.2% of group B (P = 0.041); 31.25% of group B vs 10.8% of group A became biochemically euthyroid (P = 0.02); and 37.8% of group A vs 51.5% of group B still had SH condition (P = 0.183). Logistic regression suggested autoimmunity (OR = 3.2) and baseline TSH values (OR = 1.13) as predictive factors of the evolution from SH to OH.

Conclusions
In DS children, non-autoimmune SH showed higher prevalence and earlier onset. The risk of thyroid function deterioration over time seems to be influenced by thyroid autoimmunity and higher baseline TSH values.
A History and Methodology of Research of the Subnational Topic in Political Science
Authors: Hnatiuk Volodymyr Viktorovych 
Published: January 2020

Subnational topic has come a long way from its inception fifty years ago to formation of an independent research direction. This period consists of three phases. In the first phase (early 1970’s – mid 90’s) scholars start discussing a topic that was still unexplored at the time and examine it as a fragmentary part of whole studies. The second phase (mid 1990’s – first half of 2010’s) sees changes in methodology: studies become more complex, focused solely on subnational phenomena and are carried out using a special tool – the subnational comparative method. A methodological dichotomy is outlined as a model for the analysis of subnational regimes and their types, as well. Finally, the third (current) phase (mid 2010’s – present) is where the key changes take place: formation of independent research direction, overcoming theoretical constructs (whole-national bias and federal monism) and increase of complexity and depth of political studies. These features are entrenched in the form of methodological synthesis as a modern model for the analysis of subnational regimes and their types. The article focuses on the coverage of the classical and the modern foundations of the subnational comparative method. The author notes that modern methodology juxtaposes with ontology in the context of subnational discourse. However, in the process of studying such issues there is an urgent need to clarify, update and supplement some methodological foundations of the method.
THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSITY SPACE IN KYIV (the history of the first facilities of the university of st. Volodymyr)
Authors: Samchuk Taras 
Published: January 2020

The history of the first facilities of st. Vladimir University and its situation in the city in 1830-40s were not in the centre of special research before. That’s why the first period of the university existing can’t be fully described. For this reason, the aim of the study is to highlight the history of the first leased buildings of st. Vladimir University in the context of the formation of university space.
The term “university space” will be applied to describe all the facilities of the university. This multi-concept will be specifically used to research the university’s physical space (the area of university buildings). This article is a part of series of articles dedicated to the early stage of existence of the university in Kyiv.
This series of articles is the first attempt to describe university space in Kyiv by locating university facilities in the city space. This is the first step of reconstructing of the university life in Kyiv and studying out what features of university and city communication were in that time. The last stage of university space expansion during the first period of its existence was highlighted in the article. Particular attention was paid to the details of buildings construction. Information about the owners of facilities was also given in the article. Places of the situation of university facilities in the city space of Kyiv were highlighted in this research. The main attention was paid to the details of the buildings of students’ hospital, university’s church, house of poor students, units of the botanical garden and medical faculty facilities. A lot of archived and cartographical sources were used for this purpose. The unknown archived documents were used in the article. The study analyzed details of lease contracts of employment of homes for St. Vladimir University. The article indicates which collections and departments were located in each of the leased buildings.
The main conclusions show that university covered big yards not only buildings. The facilities of the university were located next to the administrative centre of the city close to the most prestigious district of Kyiv ‒ Lypky, and Pechersk. St. Vladimir University started to expand very quickly, that’s why a lot of new facilities were leased during the first period of its history. The University expanded not only into the city’s physical space but also become very influent in creating of Kyiv cultural space.
WORKERS OF DISTRICT TOWN: THE PLANT’S WORKERS OF LUHANS’K IN LABOR’S CONFLICTS AND REVOLUTIONARY WAVES DURING THE FIRST RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND THE FIRST WORLD WAR
Authors: Gauchman Mykhailo 
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the collective actions of plant workers in Luhans’k (inRussian pronunciation – Lugansk) in labor conflicts during the First Russianrevolution (1905–1907) and the First World War (1914–1918). This town wasone of the main towns of industrial Donbass and the center of Slovianoserbiandistrict of Ekaterinoslavian province.The relationships between administration and workers in Luhans’k areinvestigated on the materials of clerical work of Ekaterinoslavian provinceand memoirs of participators on events. These sources are especially aboutthe behavior of workers from two big industrial enterprises – the Gartmanplant and the Cartridges plant. In the crisis periods, such as revolutions andwars, the social-political relations are sharpened and changeable. And revolutionsand wars left behind enough historical sources for studying workers’history.In the Luhans’k’s enterprises, there were – during the First Russian Revolution– the general town’s strike in February 1905, the attempt of the strike tothe 1st of May 1905 in the Gartman plant, the strike in the Gartman plant inJuly 1905, the mass unrest in December 1905, the attempt of strike to the 1stof May 1906 in the Gartman plant, the lockout in the Gartman plant in March1907 and the general town’s strike in July 1916 in the time of social-economicscrisis during the First World War. The studying of strikes, attempts ofstrikes and mass unrests in 1905–1907 and 1916 allows defining some featuresof collective’s activity of plant’s workers:1) the inconsistent solidarity of workers in the times of strikes. The generalunderstanding of oppressed status and necessity of fighting for their rightsspread among the workers during the strike’s waves, but this solidarity ofworkers didn’t cause to cooperative planned activities;2) the crisis of vertical relationships between administrators and workersin the time of strikes of 1905 and 1916. In Patron plant subordination and paternalismwere saved during the strike in February 1905, unlike in Gartmanplant, but not in the strike in 1916;3) the influence on workers of the revolutionary movement. Revolution ideasand local activists of illegal political parties were impacted of workers’ moods in the crisis times. In 1905 increasing of social-democrats’ activity in Luhans’kwas the aftermath of town’s strikes. But in 1916 the spreading of revolutionideas preceded the emergence in workers’ dissatisfaction with their ownsituation during the social-economics crises, which was the cause of generaltown’s strike;4) the workers’ capacity to spontaneous self-organization during strikesand making the continuous organization forms in the Gartman plant. In thisenterprise in 1906 was formed two workers’ organizations: pawnshop andprofessional association. This association conflicted with plant’s administrationin 1907 and headed the strikes in 1906.
Tartışmacı Metin Yazmanın Öğrencilerin Yazma Becerilerine, Eleştirel Düşünmelerine, Yazmaya Yönelik Tutumlarına ve Kalıcılığa Etkisi
Authors: UZUN Yasemin , SÜNTER Merve 
Published: January 2020

Bu
araştırmanın amacı 6. sınıf Türkçe dersinde süreç temelli hazırlanan tartışmacı
metin yazma öğretiminin öğrencilerin eleştirel düşünmelerine, tartışmacı metin
yazma becerilerine, yazmaya yönelik tutumlarına ve kalıcılığa etkisini
araştırmaktır. Bu araştırma, deneysel modele dayalı olarak ön test-son test
kontrol gruplu desene göre yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, 2015-2016
eğitim öğretim yılında İstanbul ili, Sultangazi ilçesinde İsmetpaşa Ortaokulu’
nda öğrenim gören 6/B sınıfına (deney grubuna) devam eden 32 ve 6/D sınıfına
(kontrol grubuna) devam eden 32 öğrenci olmak üzere 64 katılımcıdan
oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri TRÖP (2012) tarafından önerilen Tartışmacı
Yazmaya Yönelik Açık Uçlu Soru/ Kompozisyon Konusu, Tiryaki (2011) tarafından
geliştirilen Tartışmacı Metin Elementleri Dereceli Puanlama Anahtarı, P.A
Facione, tarafından geliştirilen, Kökdemir (2003) tarafından Türkçe’ ye
uyarlanan California Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimi Ölçeği (The California Critical
Thinking Disposition Inventory / CCTDI), Bacanlı (1997) tarafından geliştirilen
ve araştırmanın amaçları doğrultusunda bazı maddelerin düzenlenmesi ve
eklenmesi ile 25 maddeden oluşan Kişisel Bilgiler Formu, ve Uygun (2012)
tarafından geliştirilen Yazmaya Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Ayrıca
okuduğunu anlama becerileri araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Okuduğunu Anlama
Testi ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın
sonunda, süreç temelli eleştirel düşünmeye dayalı tartışmacı metin yazma
öğretiminin ürün temelli tartışmacı metin yazma öğretimine kıyasla tartışmacı
metin yazma becerilerinin ve eleştirel düşünme becerilerinin gelişimi üzerinde
daha etkili olduğu belirlenirken, yazmaya yönelik tutumun gelişimi üzerinde
daha etkili olmadığı saptanmıştır. Süreç temelli eleştirel düşünmeye dayalı
tartışmacı metin yazma öğretiminin ürün temelli tartışmacı metin yazma
öğretimine kıyasla tartışmacı metin yazma becerilerinin kalıcılığı üzerinde
daha etkili olduğu belirlenirken, eleştirel düşünme becerisinin kalıcılığı ve
yazmaya yönelik tutumun kalıcılığı üzerinde daha etkili olmadığı saptanmıştır.
Feasibility and potential of separate anaerobic digestion of municipal sewage sludge fractions
Authors: Dilek Erdirencelebi  , Cansu Bayhan  
Published: January 2020

Feasibility of the separate anaerobic stabilization of primary (PS) and secondary (SS) sludge fractions produced in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) was studied at volatile loading rates (VLR) of 0.57–2.05 and 0.27–0.57 kg VS/(m3∙d) for PS and SS, respectively, corresponding to 16–30 and 14–28 d of hydraulic retention time (HRT). Laboratory-scale semi-continuous anaerobic reactors were operated at 35°C. The operational performance and quality of the final stabilized sludge were monitored. PS and SS showed opposite thickening abilities exhibiting a need for direct feeding of PS to the digesters. Biodegradability was obtained as 52(±1) and 40(±5)% volatile solid (VS) removal for PS and SS, respectively. Optimum VLR was determined according to the highest methane yield (specific methane production), VS reduction and dewaterability of the stabilised sludge. An inhibitory effect was observed at higher VLRs in PS digestion inducing a gradual reduction in the methane yield and daily production. High oil and grease content was subject to a substantial reduction in PS digestion showing a dependency on HRT. Conversely, a considerable degree of augmentation took place in the stabilised SS with no correlation to HRT at values lower than 30 d. Efficient reduction in the oil and grease content improved dewaterability in stabilised PS whereas high oil and grease content prevented an improvement for stabilised SS. Major benefits were obtained as lower HRT and high stability with higher methane production and fertilizing (N and P content) characteristics for digestion performance and stabilized SS, whereas direct feeding and higher HRT for PS digestion were determined as beneficial.
Hacia una formación transformadora de futuros maestros de matemáticas: avances de investigación desde el modelo Realista-Reflexivo
Authors: Alsina Angel 
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se presentan desde una perspectiva analítica, interpretativa y crítica los resultados de diversos estudios que muestran los avances en investigación sobre la formación de futuros maestros de matemáticas desde el modelo realista-reflexivo. En concreto, se presentan cuatro estudios sobre diseño, aplicación y análisis de episodios desde este modelo de formación que incluyen un ciclo formativo; diversos recursos y estrategias didácticas para promover la deconstrucción de los conocimientos cotidianos (en adelante, CC) de los futuros maestros de matemáticas que pueden ser un obstáculo para su desarrollo profesional; la identificación de las marcas de autorregulación que permiten deconstruir CC y co-construir y reconstruir conocimientos profesionales (en adelante, CP); y, como síntesis de los estudios preliminares, la descripción de un modelo transformador de la competencia profesional de los futuros maestros de matemáticas.
Sarcopenia risk factor for falls and fractures
Authors: Safonova Yu. A. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: to analyze the incidence of falls and fractures in patients of older age groups, to identify a relationship with sarcopenia depending on gender and age in the study.Materials and methods. 230 patients 65 years and older (average age 74.0 ± 6.5 years) who were observed at home were included in the study. Patients were divided into three age groups: 65–74 years old, 75–84 years old, 85 years old and older. Diagnosis of sarcopenia was consistent with the recommendations of EWGSOP (2010). Muscle mass was measured using dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) based on the calculation of the AMM index (kg / m2 ). Muscle strength was measured using а grip strength, and physical performance was measured according to the results of a short set of tests of physical activity SPPB tests (short physical performance battery). Cases of falls and fractures were analyzed using a survey and medical documentation.Results. 45.2 % of patients had falls within 12 months before the start of the study, in patients in the age group of 85 years and older the risk of falls is 1.50 higher (95 % confidence limit (CL) 1.24–1.83, p <0.001), compared with the age group younger than 75 years. Falling and non-falling patients had low values of muscle strength and physical performance (p <0.001). Sarcopenia was detected in 30 % of patients. Sarcopenic patients fell significantly more often than non-sarcopenic patients: 89.9 % (95 % CL: 81.5–95.9) and 26.1 % (95 % CL: 19.6–33.2), respectively (p <0.0001). The frequency of falls increased with age mainly in the group of sarcopenic patients (p <0.0001). 30 % of patients had fractures of any localization, 37.7 % of sarcopenic and 26.7 % of non-sarcopenic patients (p >0.05). There were no significant differences in the frequency of fractures in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients in men and women (p >0.05). Fear of falls increased the risk of sarcopenia 3.02 (95 % CL: 1.79–5.11) times (p <0.0001).Conclusion. Sarcopenia significantly increases the risk of falling. There were no differences in the number of fractures and their localization in sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic. Fear of falls is significantly higher in sarcopenic patients.
Anticorpos monoclonais no tratamento oncológico: revisão de literatura para o atendimento ao paciente e manejo das reações infusionais
Authors: Bruneto Ricardo Vinícius , Arruda Gabriela Nunes , Fernandes Kaline Terra , Pacca Felipe Colombelli , Veiga Tamara 
Published: January 2020

Introdução: Este estudo pretende analisar as diferenças entre anticorpos monoclonais, suas indicações em oncologia e os desafios do manejo profissional de suas reações à infusão. Objetivos: Identificar, na literatura, como manejar reações infusionais relacionadas aos anticorpos monoclonais; descrever protocolo de conduta para atendimento a reação infusional; identificar os anticorpos monoclonais de maior ocorrência de reações infusionais. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura sistematizada realizada nos bancos de dados Bireme, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cinahl e Embase, no período de 2011 a 2017, com os descritores “anticorpos monoclonais”, “protocolo de manejo”, “reações infusionais”, “tratamento oncológico”. Resultados: As reações são descritas com risco maior e frequente durante a primeira exposição a droga. Os pacientes que recebem pré-medicação intravenosa com glicocorticoide tem redução nas reações. A maioria dos pacientes tolera bem as infusões subsequentes com uso de pré-medicação. Idade avançada, mau prognóstico da doença, obesidade e ausência profilaxia com corticoide são fatores de risco para se ter uma reação. O protocolo de manejo da reação infusional inclui: (i) explicar o procedimento para o paciente; (ii) educar o paciente sobre o regime de tratamento e criar o “auto monitoramento”; (iii) garantir que todos os funcionários saibam dos pacientes que estão recebendo a primeira infusão e os riscos relacionados; (vi) realizar a infusão em uma sala com equipamentos de reanimação; (v) avaliação padronizada dos pacientes, destacando-se os fatores de risco para reações infusionais que podem piorar o resultado; (vi) utilizar a menor dosagem da droga e a menor taxa de infusão; (vii) iniciar pré-medicação intravenosa com glicocorticoide; (viii) administrar analgésico/anti-histamínico; (ix) avaliar o paciente a cada 15 minutos. Conclusão: É de extrema importância que todos os profissionais saibam reconhecer uma reação infusional e como manejá-la dessa forma, o protocolo de manejo trará qualidade a assistência ao paciente. Adicionado a isso, o próprio paciente deve ser educado sobre, para identificar alterações durante a infusão.
Influence of operative treatment of variсocele on the development of arterial hypertension
Authors: Krupin Valentin N. , Uezdnyj Mihail N. , Petrova Polina I. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the research. To assess the incidence of arterial hypertension in men with varicocele and to identify the relationship between increased blood pressure and surgical treatment of varicocele.
Material and methods. A survey of 412 men receiving treatment for arterial hypertension, 482 men previously operated on for varicocele and 68 patients with varicocele who had no surgical treatment was conducted.
Results. Varicose veins of the spermatic cord in patients with arterial hypertension were detected in 44.6% of cases, which exceeds the incidence of varicocele occurrence in men of a comparable age category by 1.52 times. Surgical treatment of the left spermatic cord varicocele is combined with the development of arterial hypertension in 51.2% of patients, which is three times higher than the incidence of hypertension in men who didnt undergo surgical treatment for varicocele and twice the frequency of hypertension in the general population of men of comparable age. The more frequent occurrence of renal arterial hypertension in patients who underwent surgical treatment for varicocele may indicate an adverse effect of occlusion of the internal spermatic vein on the state of renal venous hemodynamics.
Conclusion. Varicocele should be considered as a compensatory process for renal venous hypertension due to obstruction of blood flow through the renal vein, and elimination of compensatory blood flow can lead to renal venous hypertension, hypoxia and the development of arterial hypertension.
Miocardiopatía dilatada por miocarditis aguda: ¿Bordetella pertussis como agente causal?
Authors: Clavero-Adell Marcos , Palanca-Arias Daniel , Ayerza Casas Ariadna , López-Ramón Marta , Jiménez- Montañés Lorenzo 
Published: January 2020

ANTECEDENTES: La miocardiopatía dilatada es la causa principal de trasplante cardiaco en niños.CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 4 meses deedad que nació a las 29 semanas de gestación con miocardiopatía dilatada secundaria a infección por Bordetella pertussis. A establecer el diagnóstico se encontraron factores pronóstico desfavorables (edad del paciente, cifra inicial elevada de proBNP y fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo menor de 30%); sin embargo, después de seis meses de tratamiento inmunodulador, con ciclosporina y prednisona, tuvo evolución clínica adecuada.CONCLUSIONES: Si bien la miocardiopatía dilatada es una alteración que pone en riesgo la vida de los pacientes, la evolución y recuperación del paciente de este caso fue satisfactoria durante el primer año de seguimiento.