bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PELATIHAN PENGKAJIAN KOMPREHENSIF TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN PERAWAT MENGKAJI KEBUTUHAN KLIEN DI PUSKESMAS
Authors: Kartikasari Fitriana , Yani Achir , Azidin Yustan 
Published: November 2020

Latar belakang : Pengkajian merupakan dasar pemikiran dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan sesuai kebutuhan klien. Pengkajian yang lengkap dan sistematis sesuai dengan fakta dan kondisi yang ada pada klien sangat penting. Perawat harus memiliki pengetahuan dan ketrampilan untuk mengkaji kebutuhan klien. Pengkajian yang tidak akurat akan mengarah pada identifikasi kebutuhan klien tidak lengkap dan akurat akan mengarah kepada identifikasi diagnosa keperawatan yang tidak tepat mengakibatkan kesalahan tindakan dan mengancan keselamatan klien.
Tujuan : penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan pengkajian komprehensif terhadap pengetahuan dan ketrampilan perawat mengkaji kebutuhan klien.
Metode : penelitian ini Quasi Experiment pre-test and post-test with control group design.Populasi penelitian adalah 55 perawat. Pengambilan sampel dengan convenience sampling dengan sampel penelitian 20 perawat di 2 puskesmas (kelompok eksperimen) dan 20 perawat di 2 puskesmas (kelompok kontrol).
Hasil : Pelatihan pengkajian kommprehensif mempengaruhi pengetahuan dan keterampilan perawat. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan pengetahuan perawat pada kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol setelah pelatihan p value 0,000 dan perbedaan keterampilan perwat pada kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol setelah pelatihan p value 0,001 artinya ada pengaruh pelatihan pengkajian komprehensif terhadap pengetahuan dan ketrampilan perawat mengkaji kebutuhan klien sehingga Dinas Kesehatan atau Puskesmas perlu untuk melakukan program pelatihan pengkajian komprehensif secara berkelanjutan.
STUDI FENOMENOLOGI PENGALAMAN PASIEN DALAM PENANGANAN PATAH TULANG DENGAN BA’URUT
Authors: Rachman Aulia , Ilmi Bahrul , Mulyani Yeni 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Patah tulang merupakan suatu kejadian yang dapat di alami oleh setiap orang. Berbagai macam aktivitas dapat menimbulkan resiko kejadian patah tulang dengan berbagai penatalaksanaan yang berbagai macam jenisnya. Menurut Riskesdes 2018, Masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan memilih pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan tradisional 54,1%, masyarakat memilih pengobatan dengan keterampilan tanpa alat termasuk pijat urut/baurut 83,3%, serta memilih penyehat tradisional 98,9%. Pengobatan yang digunakan untuk kesembuhan patah tulang dapat dipilih sendiri oleh penderita baik medis maupun pengobatan tradisional. Kebanyakan individu menentukan pengobatannya berdasarkan atas kemampuannya baik melalui pilihan sendiri, masukan keluarga atau atas kebiasan pengalaman yang terjadi sekitar individu. Individu dalam memilih pengobatan tradisional Baurut karena pengaruh sosial budaya, pengalaman perilaku seseorang seseorang dalam menentukan pengobatan yaitu kecocokan dan kepercayaan klien dan lebih ekonomis.
Tujuan : Mengekplorasi pengalaman klien dalam penanganan patah tulang dengan Ba’urut di Kalimantan Selatan.
Metode : Desain penelitian dirancang dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif fenomenologi, dengan lima partisipan. Subjek penelitian adalah klien patah tulang dengan pengobatan baurut. Pengambilan sampel dengan tehnik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan pedoman wawancara mendalam, perekam suara dan catatan lapangan. Analisa data dilakukan menggunakan kualitatif Cresswel.
Hasil penelitian : Terdapat empat tema yang teridentifikasi temuan pengalaman Baurut, yaitu: Alasan ekonomi dan kemudahn pelayanan, proses/metode baurut, dampak fisik setelah Baurut, respon psikologis dari hasil pengobatan Baurut. Hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan dasar pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dibidang pengobatan tradisional. Saran : keluarga dan tenaga kesehatan harus saling berdampingan, keluarga dalam mengambil keputusan harus memperhatikan dan memahami bagaimana dampak yang ditimbulkan baurut untuk meminimalisasi dampak negatif dari Baurut
Aprendizado de Máquina Fuzzy Incremental para Classificação de Faltas em Sistemas de Potência
Authors: Santana Márcio Wladimir , Leite Daniel Furtado 
Published: November 2020

O conceito de Qualidade da Energia está relacionado a um conjunto de alterações que podem ocorrer no sistema elétrico. Tais alterações (distúrbios/faltas) podem ocorrer em várias partes do sistema de energia, sejam nas instalações elétricas dos consumidores ou no sistema supridor da concessionária, causando prejuízos financeiros a ambas as partes. Por isso, é de fundamental importância a detecção e classificação em tempo real desses distúrbios de modo automático. Para reconhecimento e classificação de padrões, são considerados modelos inteligentes evolutivos, ou seja, modelos equipados com algoritmos de aprendizado incrementais online capazes de alterar seus parâmetros e estrutura, conforme novas informações surgem em um fluxo de dados. Em particular, é considerada a modelagem evolutiva baseada em conjuntos fuzzy (FBeM). Para o pré-processamento dos dados mensurados, e extração de variáveis indicadoras da presença de distúrbios, é considerado o filtro Hodrick-Prescott, a técnica de transformada rápida de Fourier e o valor eficaz da tensão. O modelo desenvolvido neste trabalho tem alcançado um desempenho comparável àqueles de modelos estado da arte na área de qualidade de energia. Detecção e classificação de distúrbios tais como elevação de tensão, sub-harmônico, transitório oscilatório, spikes e notching, ocorrendo de forma simultânea ou não, são alcançadas com acurácia de, aproximadamente, 99%.
The Prescribing Trends of Vitamin D Supplements and the Concurrent Use of Medicines for Chronic Conditions
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Menshawy Menshawy A. 
Published: November 2020

Aim: This study aims to determine the prescribing patterns of vitamin D supplements in a public hospital in Al-Kharj.
Methodology: This cross-sectional drug utilization study was conducted at a public hospital in Al-Kharj that included a review of the outpatient electronic prescriptions in 2018. Therefore, inclusion criteria included the outpatient prescriptions that contain Vitamin D supplement in 2018. The data were collected using Microsoft Excel® and the descriptive data were represented as numbers and percentages.
Results: In 2018, 311 patients were prescribed Alfacalcidol. Most of the patients who received Alfacalcidol were females (76.21%), aging 40-69 (58.85%). The majority of Alfacalcidol drugs were prescribed by Internal Medicine department (56.91%). In 2018, 127 patients were received Cholecalciferol. Most of the patient were females (79.53%), in the age level between 30-39 (21.26%) followed by patients less than 10 years (18.90%). The majority of Cholecalciferol drugs were prescribed by Internal Medicine department (30.71%).
Conclusion: Vitamin D supplements were used frequently with other medicines for chronic conditions. More studies are needed to know the effect of Vitamin D supplements in the prevention or treatment of chronic diseases. Moreover, in order to use vitamin D supplements correctly, it is important to know the prescribing trends of these supplements.
Age-Related Prescribing Patterns of Antihypertensive Medications
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. , Menshawy Menshawy A. , Almalki Ziyad S. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, and stroke. Previous studies showed that prescription patterns of antihypertensive drugs varied by gender.
Aim: This is a retrospective study that was conducted to describe the difference in prescribing antihypertensive drugs according to patients’ age.
Methodology: In this study, the electronic prescriptions of hypertensive patients that were dispensed from the outpatient pharmacy of a public hospital in Alkharj were revised.
Results: Generally, older patients are using antihypertensive drugs more than younger adults and their usage pattern of antihypertensive drugs is different according to age.
Conclusion: It is important to know the age-related prescribing patterns of antihypertensive drugs and to know the efficacy and safety of these agents in different patients in order to develop an evidence-based and age-appropriate antihypertensive pharmacotherapy.
Clanranald’s inland Uist waterway
Authors: Angus Stewart 
Published: November 2020

The well-known local tradition that the lochs of South Uist and Benbecula were navigable prior to their drainage is reviewed using a combination of published sources, place-names, modern Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) and aerial imagery. Reconstructions of lochs to likely pre-drainage surface levels via DTMs identified extensive navigable loch systems in western Benbecula and in four main loch basins in South Uist, one of which stretched 40% of the length of the island. Connections between the South Uist basins were also examined and it was concluded that while such past connections are theoretically possible, such evidence as is available suggests that they were not linked. Though the possibility of a continuous navigable link between Baghasdal in South Uist and the north end of Benbecula cannot be ruled out, the evidence suggests that it is unlikely to have existed, though several portages would be all that was required to establish a functional transport link from Baghasdal to Balivanich via the loch networks. The conclusions inform a fundamental knowledge gap in the medieval history of Uist that has important implications for studies of past land management, as well as the impact of future climate change.
Canmore ID 32840
Dun Ara
Authors: Petre James 
Published: November 2020

This short article explores the archaeology and fragmentary history of the site known as Dun Ara, in Mishnish, north Mull, in the light of increasing evidence of a Norse presence both generally in this part of the Inner Hebrides and more specifically this area of Mull. The focus is on the harbour and its appendages but it refers as well to the associated settlement and dun – or castle – perched above to the north. It is set in the context of recent work on early harbours and landing places in the Western Isles, some of which have been demonstrated to have had a Norse presence. Consideration is given to the ramifications of the tidal cycle and to what extent, if any, isostatic change and rising sea levels may affect the ‘picture’ as it is now observed. While reflecting that the evidence for a ‘Norse’ period at Dun Ara remains circumstantial, it suggests that the absence of conclusive proof does not preclude the likelihood.

Canmore ID 11028
Canmore ID 22069
Canmore ID 22071
Old Kinord, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Romankiewicz Tanja , Bradley Richard , Clarke Amanda , Quartermaine Jamie , Ross Irvine , Ross Veronica , Hamilton Derek , Schulting Rick 
Published: November 2020

The paper reports on research at two well-preserved Iron Age settlement sites in north-east Scotland, occupied between the 2nd century BC and 2nd century AD. At Old Kinord, trenches first excavated in 1903 were reopened, shedding new light on the chronology and structural history of a pair of stone roundhouses and two souterrains. The project extended to new surveys of this site and its neighbour at New Kinord. It investigated the character of the unusually large stone structures found there and the ways in which they were built and used. This report also considers the character of the original excavation, which was conducted by the future Lord Abercromby, a significant figure in the history of Scottish archaeology.

Canmore ID 17072
Canmore ID 17065
Canmore ID 33981
Canmore ID 16972
Canmore ID 17057
Canmore ID 33980
Protecting a Pict?
Authors: Forsyth Katherine 
Published: November 2020

A detailed discussion of the inscription on the silver chape (NMS FC 282) discovered in 1958 as part of a large hoard of silver from the major early medieval ecclesiastical site on St Ninian’s Isle, Shetland (NGR: HU 3685 2090). Previous interpretations and a range of parallels are explored. A new interpretation of the inscription is proposed: that it contains a Pictish male personal name, Resad. This has implications for previous arguments in favour of an Anglo-Saxon origin for the metalwork. Features of the lettering previously interpreted as errors are instead argued to indicate familiarity with the type of cursive writing used on wax-tablets, rather than bookhand. It is argued that the inscription was designed and manufactured by a single literate artisan, possibly in an ecclesiastical workshop.

Canmore ID 587
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) increases the survival of embryonic and postnatal basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in primary culture
Authors: Perkins Linda A. , Cain Lisa D. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is found in high concentrations in the mammalian central nervous system. It is a mitogen for glia and it influences the development and survival of specific populations of neurons. In this study, we investigated the effect of various concentrations of bFGF on the survival of embryonic and postnatal cholinergic basal forebrain neurons plated at low and high density in the presence and absence of glia. We observed that 50 and 100 ng/ml of bFGF increased the survival of embryonic cholinergic neurons plated at high density. This effect was observed only in the presence of glia. Lower concentrations of 10 and 20 ng/ml had no effect on cholinergic neuronal survival. The number of GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein)‐positive cells in high‐density embryonic cultures was increased by all concentrations of bFGF. In low‐density embryonic cultures, an increase in cholinergic neuron survival was observed at concentrations ranging from 20 to 100 ng/ml. The number of GFAP‐positive cells in low‐density cultures was also increased by all concentrations of bFGF. Similar to low‐density embryonic cultures, the survival of cholinergic neurons from postnatal day 2 cultures was significantly increased in the presence of glia at concentrations of 20, 50 and 100 ng/ml of bFGF. Postnatal glia was affected by all concentrations of bFGF, as was observed in embryonic cultures. This study indicates that high concentrations of bFGF can influence cholinergic neuronal survival by stimulating and increasing glia, which may produce factor(s) that are necessary for cholinergic neuron survival.
EXPRESSION OF THE AVIAN α7‐INTEGRIN IN DEVELOPING NERVOUS SYSTEM AND MYOTOME
Authors: Kil Sung H. , Bronner‐Fraser Marianne 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIntegrins are cell surface receptors for a variety of extracellular matrix molecules including fibronectin, laminin and collagens. Although their role in development is not completely understood, they are likely to have important functions in cell migration and axon guidance. To characterize the types of integrins expressed in the developing nervous system, we have used monoclonal antibodies against α7‐ and αv‐integrin subunits to examine the distribution of these subunits in the early chick embryo. Low levels of α7 immunoreactivity were first observed in the neural tube and developing myotome of stage 17 embryos (E2.5). Although low levels of α7 expression were associated with most neuroepithelial cells, distinct α7 immunoreactivity was first detected in the ventrolateral portions of the neural tube at a stage corresponding to the time when the first neurons differentiate. Its distribution pattern overlapped with that of commissural neurons in the developing spinal cord. α7 was also prominently localized to the motor neurons and their axons emanating from the neural tube. In addition, α7 immunoreactivity was observed on a subpopulation of trunk neural crest cells migrating through the somitic sclerotome. At later stages, α7 expression was observed in other nervous system structures such as the pigmented retinal epithelial cells. In addition to its distribution in the developing nervous system, α7 immunoreactivity was associated with early myotomal cells shortly after myotome formation and its expression persisted throughout myotome development. In contrast to α7, αv‐integrin had a limited distribution in the nervous system, being expressed only at low levels in the neural tube. However, αv displayed prominent immunoreactivity in the myotome and in endothelial cells of the dorsal aorta. The results suggest that α7‐integrin is one of the prevalent integrin subunits on neurons and axons in the developing spinal cord.
Psychiatric rehabilitation in Switzerland
Authors: Uchtenhagen A 
Published: July 2002

SummaryPsychiatric rehabilitation at present has a focus on the prevention of chronic disability and on active rehabilitation of socalled new long-stay patients. This is a major public health problem, concerning about one-third of all disabled persons in need of rehabilitation. Close co-operation between the various agencies concerned, with funding organizations, patients organizations etc, is of high priority in assuring effective rehabilitation. Various structures and models have been realized in order to facilitate such cooperation. The main axes of rehabilitation are lodging, occupation, financial independence/support, need for out-patient psychiatric care and quality of life. Rehabilitation results are measured along those axes, based on an assessment of patients' needs and satisfaction. Specific programmes have been implemented for various diagnostic groups, especially schizophrenic psychosis, mental retardation, substance dependence and organic brain damage. Specifications of these diversified programmes are described. Evaluation of rehabilitation efforts uses different designs, methods and instruments; a harmonization on the level of instruments is intended. A few examples regarding evaluation results (concerning schizophrenic and drug dependent patients) are presented. Finally, external factors limiting the efficacy of rehabilitation efforts are described.
Mother‐to‐infant transmission of TT virus in Japan
Authors: Iso Kazuo , Suzuki Yasunobu , Takayama Masaomi 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: The TT virus (TTV) was detected for the first time by Nishizawa and Okamoto et al. in 1997 in the serum of a patient with post‐transfusion hepatitis of unknown origin (non‐A‐non‐G type). TTV was subsequently, also found in the serum of blood donors with no history of blood transfusion, although at a lower rate than among donors with a history of blood transfusion. In the present study, we determined the percentage of TTV carriers among pregnant women with no history of blood transfusion, and evaluated the possibility of mother‐child transmission. Methods: Blood was sampled from 300 normal pregnant women with no history of blood transfusion, 10 infants born by vaginal delivery from TTV‐positive women, 10 infants born by abdominal cesarean section from TTV‐positive women at both 5 days and 3 months after birth, and 10 infants born from TTV‐positive women at 6 months after birth. Amniotic fluid and breast milk were sampled from 10 and 30 TTV‐positive women, respectively. Informed consent was obtained from all women before sampling. TTV DNA was detected by the nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: (1) Of the 300 normal pregnant women with no history of blood transfusion, 60 (20%) were TTV‐positive. (2) All infants from TTV‐positive mothers were TTV‐negative at both 5 days and 3 months after birth, regardless of whether they were born by vaginal delivery or abdominal cesarean section. (3) Of the 10 infants who were born from TTV‐positive mothers and examined 6 months after birth, 4 (40%) were TTV‐positive. (4) Amniotic fluid from all 10 TTV‐positive women was TTV‐negative. (5) Breast milk from 7 (23.3%) of the 30 TTV‐positive women was TTV‐positive. Conclusion: TTV was detected in 20% of pregnant women with no history of blood transfusion, suggesting that TTV infection can occur through non‐ blood‐mediated routes. The possibility of transfer of TTV into amniotic fluid was ruled out due to its absence in amniotic fluid samples. All infants from TTV‐positive women were TTV‐negative at both 5 days and 3 months after birth, regardless of whether they were born by vaginal delivery or abdominal cesarean section, suggesting that infection in the parturient canal or the pelvis is unlikely. Because TTV was detected in breast milk from TTV‐positive women and some of their infants were TTV‐positive, breast milk was thought to be a mother–child infection route. These findings suggest that horizontal infection is more likely than vertical infection in mother–child transmission of TTV.
Serum alpha l‐fucosidase enzyme activity in ovarian and other female genital tract tumors
Authors: Abdel‐Aleem H. , Ahmed A. , Sabra A.M. , Zakhari Madeha , Soliman M. , Hamed H. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To assess the value of serum α‐l‐fucosidase as a tumor marker in the diagnosis of ovarian and other female genital tract tumors. Methods: One‐hundred fifty‐one patients were studied; 101 had different genital tract tumors (malignant ovarian tumors (48), carcinoma of the cervix (13), endometrial carcinoma (6), carcinoma of the vulva (6) and benign tumors (28)). A control group of 50 healthy female patients was included. Serum α‐l‐fucosidase activity was determined in all patients and controls. Serum CA 125 level was also determined in patients with malignant ovarian tumors. Results: Patients with malignant ovarian tumors showed the lowest level of α‐l‐fucosidase activity in comparison to other malignant and benign tumors of the female genital tract and also in comparison to control group. The majority of ovarian carcinoma patients (90%) had a serum level of < 275 u/ml of α‐l‐fucosidase activity, while more than 90% of the control group and other genital tumors had a serum level of > 275 u/ml. The sensitivity and specificity of serum α‐l‐fucosidase activity in diagnosing epithelial ovarian tumors were 88.5% and 98%, respectively (using a cut‐off level of < 275 u/ml). The corresponding figures for CA 125 were 96.2% and 100% (using a cut‐off level of > 35 u/ml). Conclusions: Serum α‐l‐fucosidase enzyme activity can be useful as a tumor marker in diagnosing advanced malignant epithelial ovarian tumors. Its sensitivity and specificity are comparable to CA 125. However, there is lack of data to support its usefulness in the diagnosis of early stage disease (Stage 1). The cost of doing the test is one‐third that of CA 125 and the test can be more widely applied in developing countries.
Prospective follow‐up of Japanese women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and various human papillomavirus types
Authors: Iwasaka T , Matsuo N , Yokoyama M , Uchiyama M , Fukuda K , Sugimori H 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the prevalence of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) types in cervical neoplasias and to evaluate the biological activity of individual HPV types in cervical carcinogenesis. Method: Cellular samples from 318 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or invasive cervical carcinoma were examined for HPV DNA, using a polymerase chain reaction. Of these, 145 women with CIN grade I or II were prospectively followed to better understand the natural history of these precancerous lesions. Result: HPV DNA was detected in 88, 80 and 89%, of CIN grade I, II and III, respectively, and in 92% in invasive carcinomas. The CIN follow‐up data showed a significantly higher progression rate in patients with CIN II than in cases of CIN I, and our classification of HPV types based on HPV prevalence data correlates well with the prospective follow‐up data. A significantly higher progression rate was observed in HPV‐negative CINs. Conclusion: Classification of HPV types according to risk to a malignant state seems to be possible. It seems that HPV negative lesions are likely to progress to a malignant state.