bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival after checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic acral, mucosal and uveal melanoma
Authors: Klemen Nicholas D. , Wang Melinda , Rubinstein Jill C. , Olino Kelly , Clune James , Ariyan Stephan , Cha Charles , Weiss Sarah A. , Kluger Harriet M. , Sznol Mario 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundCheckpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are thought to be effective against cutaneous melanoma in part because of the large burden of somatic mutations (neoantigens) generated from exposure to ultraviolet radiation. However, rare melanoma subtypes arising from acral skin, mucosal surfaces, and the uveal tract are largely sun-shielded. Genomic studies show these sun-shielded melanomas have a paucity of neoantigens and unique biology; they are thought to be largely resistant to immunotherapy. It has not been definitively shown that CPI improves survival in metastatic sun-shielded melanoma.MethodsWe reviewed a single institutional experience using antibodies against CTLA-4, PD-1 and/or PD-L1 to treat patients with metastatic melanoma. Primary tumor histology was categorized as cutaneous, unknown, acral, mucosal, or uveal. We studied demographic data, treatment characteristics, and overall survival (OS) after CPI.ResultsWe treated 428 patients with metastatic melanoma from 2007 to 2019. Primary tumors were cutaneous in 283 (66%), unknown in 55 (13%), acral in 22 (5%), mucosal in 38 (9%), and uveal in 30 (7%). Patients with metastatic disease from cutaneous primary tumors had median OS after CPI of 45 months compared with 17 months for acral (p=0.047), 18 months for mucosal (p=0.003), and 12 months for uveal (p<0.001). For all patients with sun-shielded melanoma (n=90), first treatment with anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 was followed by a median OS of 9 months compared with 18 months after anti-CTLA-4 (p=0.010) and 20 months after combination therapy (p=0.003). There were 21 patients who achieved actual 3-year survival; 20 received both anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1, either sequentially or in combination. Over 80% of 3-year survivors with progressive disease were treated with local therapy after CPI.ConclusionsLong survival in patients with metastatic melanoma from acral, mucosal, and uveal primary tumors was associated with receipt of both anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies. Complete responses were rare, and local therapy was frequently employed to control disease progression. While sun-shielded melanomas exhibit worse outcomes after CPI than cutaneous melanomas, with an aggressive multidisciplinary approach, 5-year survival is still possible for 25%–32% of these patients.
Risk factors and a 3-month risk score for predicting pacemaker implantation in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Dalgaard Frederik , Pallisgaard Jannik Langtved , Lindhardt Tommi Bo , Gislason Gunnar , Blanche Paul , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Ruwald Martin H 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesTo identify risk factors and to develop a predictive risk score for pacemaker implantation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsUsing Danish nationwide registries, patients with newly diagnosed AF from 2000 to 2014 were identified. Cox proportional-hazards regression computed HRs for risk factors of pacemaker implantation. A logistic regression was used to fit a prediction model for 3-month risk of pacemaker implantation and derived a risk score using 80% of the data and its predictive accuracy estimated using the remaining 20%.ResultsAmong 155 934 AF patients included, the median age (IQR) was 75 (65–83) and 51.3% were men. During a median follow-up time of 3.4 (1.2–5.0) years, 8348 (5.4%) patients received a pacemaker implantation. Risk factors of pacemaker implantation were (in order of highest risk first) age above 60 years, congenital heart disease, heart failure at age under 60 years, prior syncope, valvular AF, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, male sex and diabetes mellitus. The derived risk score assigns points ranging from 1 to 14 to each of these risk factors. The 3-month risk of pacemaker implantation increased from 0.4% (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8) at 1 point to 2.6% (95% CI: 1.9 to 3.6) at 18 points. Area under the receiver operator characteristics curve was 62.9 (95% CI: 60.3 to 65.5).ConclusionWe highlighted risk factors of pacemaker implantation in newly diagnosed AF patients and created a risk score. The clinical utility of the risk score needs further investigation.
Shear-hosted gold mineralization in the Oumé-Fettèkro greenstone belt, Côte d'Ivoire: the Bonikro deposit
Authors: Ouattara Zié , Coulibaly Yacouba , Boiron Marie-Christine 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Bonikro deposit is the first deposit in Côte d'Ivoire where gold has been found within a sheared granodiorite in the zones of boudins and faults. Gold is associated with scheelite and molybdenite in veins. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the characteristics of the shearing and the mineralized veins, and to reveal the timing of their gold deposition in the Bonikro deposit. The investigation in this deposit and the observations of the drill cores have demonstrated the main role played by the shear zone and its three principal mineralized veins: sheeted veins, planar veins and transversal veins.
The deposit is dominated by a major structure, the Bonikro Shear Zone (BSZ), which strikes north–south. The BSZ has affected the granitoid and, as a consequence, it has produced two local shears that strike NW and NE. The sheeted veins are the oldest at Bonikro, with a thickness of 1 cm, and sub-parallel sets of quartzo-feldspathic veins composed of milky quartz (70–80%), albite (5–10%) scheelite (up to 15%) and pyrite (up to 5%). They are the main host of the scheelite and also display the more visible gold in the deposit. The planar veins support the powellite and pyrite minerals. The transversal veins occurred later, and are composed of milky quartz (40%), calcite (30%), albite (10%), biotite (15%) and sulfide (molybdenite up to 5%). The molybdenite is the main sulfide. Each vein shows typical minerals and resumes a single generation of setting. These veins are bordered in the granodiorite by a corridor of strong hydrothermal activity, as indicated by sericitization, silicification, chloritization and albitization.
Gold is observed in both the granodiorite and the basalt in areas where these lithologies are sheared. It appears that the introduction of the auriferous mineralization at Bonikro post-dates the magmatism, and seems to be syn- to post-tectonic. This direct link between the structural features and the gold deposition has shown that the Bonikro deposit represents a case of shear-controlled gold mineralization.
Ibrutinib Treatment for First-Line and Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Final Analysis of the Pivotal Phase Ib/II PCYC-1102 Study
Authors: Byrd John C. , Furman Richard R. , Coutre Steven E. , Flinn Ian W. , Burger Jan A. , Blum Kristie , Sharman Jeff P. , Wierda William , Zhao Weiqiang , Heerema Nyla A. , Luan Ying , Liu Emily A. , Dean James P. , O'Brien Susan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
The safety and efficacy of ibrutinib, a once-daily Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) was demonstrated in this phase Ib/II study. Extended follow-up up to 8 years is described, representing the longest follow-up for single-agent ibrutinib, or any BTK inhibitor, to date.

Patients and Methods:
Phase Ib/II PCYC-1102 (NCT01105247) and extension study PCYC-1103 (NCT01109069) included patients receiving single-agent ibrutinib in first-line or relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL.

Results:
Overall response rate was 89%, with similar rates in first-line (87%; complete response, 35%) and relapsed/refractory settings (89%; 10%). Estimated 7-year progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 83% in first-line and 34% in relapsed/refractory settings. Forty-one patients had CLL progression (n = 11 with Richter's transformation). Median PFS was not reached with first-line ibrutinib. In relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL, median PFS was 52 months overall, 26 months in patients with chromosome 17p deletion, 51 months with 11q deletion, not reached with trisomy 12 or 13q deletion, and 88 months in patients without these cytogenetic abnormalities. Estimated 7-year overall survival rates were 84% in first-line and 55% in relapsed/refractory settings. Grade ≥3 adverse events (AE) in &gt;15% of patients were hypertension (28%), pneumonia (24%), and neutropenia (18%). These grade ≥3 AEs generally declined over time, except hypertension. AEs leading to discontinuation in ≥2 patients were observed only in the relapsed/refractory setting (sepsis, diarrhea, subdural hematoma, and Richter's transformation).

Conclusions:
With up to 8 years of follow-up, sustained responses and long-term tolerability of single-agent ibrutinib were observed with treatment of first-line or relapsed/refractory CLL/SLL, including high-risk CLL/SLL.
Inhibition of MICA and MICB Shedding Elicits NK-Cell–Mediated Immunity against Tumors Resistant to Cytotoxic T Cells
Authors: Ferrari de Andrade Lucas , Kumar Sushil , Luoma Adrienne M. , Ito Yoshinaga , Alves da Silva Pedro Henrique , Pan Deng , Pyrdol Jason W. , Yoon Charles H. , Wucherpfennig Kai W. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Resistance to cytotoxic T cells is frequently mediated by loss of MHC class I expression or IFNγ signaling in tumor cells, such as mutations of B2M or JAK1 genes. Natural killer (NK) cells could potentially target such resistant tumors, but suitable NK-cell–based strategies remain to be developed. We hypothesized that such tumors could be targeted by NK cells if sufficient activating signals were provided. Human tumors frequently express the MICA and MICB ligands of the activating NKG2D receptor, but proteolytic shedding of MICA/B represents an important immune evasion mechanism in many human cancers. We showed that B2M- and JAK1-deficient metastases were targeted by NK cells following treatment with a mAb that blocks MICA/B shedding. We also demonstrated that the FDA-approved HDAC inhibitor panobinostat and a MICA/B antibody acted synergistically to enhance MICA/B surface expression on tumor cells. The HDAC inhibitor enhanced MICA/B gene expression, whereas the MICA/B antibody stabilized the synthesized protein on the cell surface. The combination of panobinostat and the MICA/B antibody reduced the number of pulmonary metastases formed by a human melanoma cell line in NOD/SCID gamma mice reconstituted with human NK cells. NK-cell–mediated immunity induced by a mAb specific for MICA/B, therefore, provides an opportunity to target tumors with mutations that render them resistant to cytotoxic T cells.
Donor Lymphocyte–Derived Natural Killer Cells Control MHC Class I–Negative Melanoma
Authors: Dang Nana , Lin Yuan , Waer Mark , Sprangers Ben 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells provide a natural defense against MHC-I–negative tumors, such as melanoma. Donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) containing NK cells, a form of adoptive immunotherapy used after allogenic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT), promotes antitumor immune responses but is often associated with life-threatening complications such as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). Here, we showed that without prior allo-BMT, DLI provoked melanoma control associated with the infiltration and persistence of the transferred NK cells. This allograft acceptance did not correlate with an increase of GvHD; instead it correlated with the expansion and activation of tumor-infiltrating NK cells that expressed the cytotoxic molecules (e.g., IFNγ and granzyme B) and maturation signatures (e.g., CD11bhiCD27lo and KLRGhi/CD43hi). The development of beneficial tumor-infiltrating NK cells of DLI origin required host CD4+ T-cell help in part by producing IL2, as well as by limiting regulatory CD4+ T cells (Treg). IL2 blockade impaired the NK-dependent melanoma control, which could not be rescued by IL2 administration beyond CD4+ T-cell help. Our findings linked NK allograft acceptance–CD4+ T-cell help crosstalk to melanoma development without the need of allo-BMT. We thereby helped define that tumor-infiltrating NK cells of DLI origin may serve as effective therapeutic targets for controlling melanoma.
A new species of Ophryotrocha (Annelida: Dorvilleidae) associated with the coral Lophelia pertusa (Anthozoa: Caryophylliidae)
Authors: Miranda Vinicius Rocha , Rodrigues Andrielle Raposo , Brasil Ana Dos Santos 
Published: March 2020

Ophryotrocha is the most speciose genus within Dorvilleidae, with species occurring in a great variety of environments around the globe. In Brazil, records of Ophryotrocha are scarce and no specific identification is provided for any of the records. Herein we describe a new species of Dorvilleidae, Ophryotrocha zitae sp. nov. Adult and larval specimens were found in the axis of a fragment of the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa, sampled off São Paulo’s coast, at a depth of 245 m. Both forms are described and illustrated. This new species resembles O. puerilis, O. adherens and O. eutrophila, but can be distinguished based on differences in its mandible and on chaetae shape and arrangement.
A Review of Marcin Starnawski’s “Socjalizacja i tożsamość żydowska w Polsce powojennej: Narracje emigrantów z pokolenia Marca ’68”, Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej 2016
Authors: Kaźmierska Kaja 
Published: March 2020

The article is a review of Marcin Starnawski’s Socjalizacja i tożsamość żydowska w Polsce powojennej: Narracje emigrantów z pokolenia Marca ’68 [Jewish Socialization and Identity in Postwar Poland: Narratives of Émigrés from the March 1968 Generation], Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej 2016.
Rejected Children: On Kamil Kijek’s “Dzieci modernizmu: Świadomość, kultura i socjalizacja polityczna młodzieży żydowskiej w II Rzeczypospolitej”
Authors: Sobczak Kornelia 
Published: March 2020

This article discusses Kamil Kijek’s book Dzieci modernizmu: Świadomość, kultura i socjalizacja polityczna młodzieży żydowskiej w II Rzeczypospolitej [Children of Modernism: The Consciousness, Culture and Political Socialization of Jewish Youth in the Second Polish Republic]. Using young people’s diaries which were sent to three competitions held in the 1930s by the Jewish Scientific Institute (YIVO), Kijek studies the ways young Jewish people described themselves, their visions of Jewish or Polish-Jewish identity, and the influence exerted on their attitudes and ideological choices by schooling, the activities of political youth organizations and the antisemitism of interwar Polish culture. This was the first generation to grow up in newly independent Poland, in a state that simultaneously demanded loyalty from its Jewish denizens and excluded them from its symbolic universe. Kijek calls the worldview predominant among this Jewish generation “radical modernism” – a conviction that the world requires a radical transformation. The political shades of this view – Communism, Zionism, or the Jewish right – were of lesser importance, with membership in a particular organization often depending on the circumstances.
Socialist Realism in a New Perspective: A Proposal of Literary History Analysis
Authors: Chmielewska Katarzyna 
Published: March 2020

This article attempts to offer a new perspective on the infamous phenomenon of socialist realism. The author describes the literature of the period, the debates that revolved around it at the time, and the Marxist literary criticism and Marxist history of literature. An examination of the existing research paradigm leads her to recognize the need for its expansion and propose an analysis of socialist realism that relies on Pierre Bourdieu’s categories of distinction, symbolic capital and habitus.
The Influence of Zonally Asymmetric Stratospheric Ozone Changes on the Arctic Polar Vortex Shift
Authors: Zhang Jiankai , Tian Wenshou , Xie Fei , Pyle John A. , Keeble James , Wang Tao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecent studies have found a shift of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex toward Siberia during late winter since 1980, intensifying the zonally asymmetric ozone (ZAO) depletion in the northern middle and high latitudes with a stronger total column ozone decline over Siberia compared with that above other regions at the same latitudes. Using observations and a climate model, this study shows that zonally asymmetric stratospheric ozone depletion gives a significant feedback on the position of the polar vortex and further favors the stratospheric polar vortex shift toward Siberia in February for the period 1980–99. The polar vortex shift is not significant in the experiment forced by zonal mean ozone fields. The February ZAO trend with a stronger ozone decline over Siberia causes a lower temperature over this region than over the other regions at the same latitudes, due to shortwave radiative cooling and dynamical cooling. The combined cooling effects induce an anomalous cyclonic flow over Siberia, corresponding to the polar vortex shift toward Siberia. In addition, the ZAO depletion also increases the meridional gradient of potential vorticity over Siberia, which is favorable for the upward propagation of planetary wave fluxes from the troposphere over this region. Increased horizontal divergence of planetary waves fluxes over the region 60°–75°N, 60°–90°E associated with ZAO changes accelerates the high-latitude zonal westerlies in the middle stratosphere, further enhancing the shift of the stratospheric polar vortex toward Siberia. After 2000, the ZAO trend in February is weaker and induces a smaller polar vortex shift than that in the period 1980–99.
UNRAVEL: A Robust Modular Velocity Dealiasing Technique for Doppler Radar
Authors: Louf Valentin , Protat Alain , Jackson Robert C. , Collis Scott M. , Helmus Jonathan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnfold Radar Velocity (UNRAVEL) is an open-source modular Doppler velocity dealiasing algorithm for weather radars. UNRAVEL is an algorithm that does not need external reference velocity data, making it easily applicable. The proposed algorithm includes 11 core modules and 2 dealiasing strategies. UNRAVEL is an iterative algorithm. The goal is to build the dealiasing results starting with the strictest possible continuity tests in azimuth and range and, after each step, relaxing the parameters to include more results from a progressively growing number of reference points. UNRAVEL also has modules that perform 3D continuity checks. Thanks to this modular design, the number of dealiasing strategies can be expanded in order to optimize the dealiasing results. While the first driver dealiases Doppler velocity from each tilt independently from one another, the second driver also performs a three-dimensional continuity check of the velocity using successive elevations. The proposed dealiasing algorithm is tested using severe weather data from an S-band Doppler radar that have been aliased to mimic aliased radial velocity patterns that would be observed by a C-band Doppler radar. Artificially aliasing S-band data permits creation of a reference to which the performance of various dealiasing techniques can be compared. Comparisons show that UNRAVEL consistently outperforms other established dealiasing algorithms for the test period selected in this work.
Scaling the Laws of Thermal Imaging–Based Whale Detection
Authors: Zitterbart Daniel P. , Smith Heather R. , Flau Michael , Richter Sebastian , Burkhardt Elke , Beland Joe , Bennett Louise , Cammareri Alejandro , Davis Andrew , Holst Meike , Lanfredi Caterina , Michel Hanna , Noad Michael , Owen Kylie , Pacini Aude , Boebel Olaf 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMarine mammals are under growing pressure as anthropogenic use of the ocean increases. Ship strikes of large whales and loud underwater sound sources including air guns for marine geophysical prospecting and naval midfrequency sonar are criticized for their possible negative effects on marine mammals. Competent authorities regularly require the implementation of mitigation measures, including vessel speed reductions or shutdown of acoustic sources if marine mammals are sighted in sensitive areas or in predefined exclusion zones around a vessel. To ensure successful mitigation, reliable at-sea detection of animals is crucial. To date, ship-based marine mammal observers are the most commonly implemented detection method; however, thermal (IR) imaging–based automatic detection systems have been used in recent years. This study evaluates thermal imaging–based automatic whale detection technology for its use across different oceans. The performance of this technology is characterized with respect to environmental conditions, and an automatic detection algorithm for whale blows is presented. The technology can detect whales in polar, temperate, and subtropical ocean regimes over distances of up to several kilometers and outperforms marine mammal observers in the number of whales detected. These results show that thermal imaging technology can be used to assist in providing protection for marine mammals against ship strike and acoustic impact across the world’s oceans.
Biases in the Mesoscale Prediction of Ceiling and Visibility in Alaska and Their Reduction Using Quantile Matching
Authors: Pinto James O. , Megenhardt Dan L. , Fowler Tressa , Colavito Jenny 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Short-range (2 h) predictions of ceiling and visibility obtained from version 4 of the Rapid Refresh (RAPv4) model are evaluated over Alaska using surface meteorological station data. These forecasts tended to overpredict the frequency of aviation-impacting ceilings in coastal areas by as much as 50%. In winter, this overforecasting bias extends into the interior of Alaska as well. Biases in visibility predictions were more complex. In winter, visibility hazards were predicted too often throughout the interior of Alaska (+5%) and not often enough in northern and western coastal areas (−20%). This wintertime underprediction of visibility restrictions in coastal areas has been linked to the fact that the visibility diagnostic does not include a treatment for the effect of blowing snow. This, in part, results in winter IFR visibilities being detected only 37% of the time. An efficient algorithm that uses quantile matching has been implemented to remove mean biases in 2-h predictions of ceiling and visibility. Performance of the algorithm is demonstrated using two 30-day periods (January and June 2019). The calibrated forecasts obtained for the two month-long periods are found to have significantly reduced biases and enhanced skill in capturing flight rules categories for both ceiling and visibility throughout much of Alaska. This technique can be easily extended to other forecast lead times or mesoscale models.