bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of volcanic structures: examples from Kazakhstan and Egypt
Authors: Dyakonov V V , Kotelnikov A E , Mahmoud A S , Kotelnikova E M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The existing hypotheses and paradigms about the structure of the Earth’s crust and its parts, where igneous rocks are present, do not always show facial connections of rocks and explain the reasons for their formation, as well as the genetic connection of ore deposits. These issues can be solved with the help of paleovolcanic reconstruction of the territory. This paper explains the stages of formation of paleovolcanic structre in aid for their reconstruction. Such structures represent the main units of territories with existence of igneous rocks. Examples of reconstruction of certain territories of Kazakhstan and Egypt are given. These structures are tensely related to large metallic ore deposits of Mo, Cu, Zn, Au, Ag, Ni, Co, etc. These structures have various ages of formation and degree of development. Paleovolcanic structure has many similar features to recent well-preserved structures. Our model reset on the lithostatigraphic study of contributing units around oldest complexes and their geochronological sequence, spatial distribution and pattern fault systems and dykes. These researches have not only theoretical interest for science, but also practical. Reconstruction of such structures allows to allocate the most prospective areas for search the overlapped endogenous mineralization (porphyry copper-gold, copper-sulphide, poly-metallic deposits, etc.).
Changes in land use and suitability of spatial planning on the paddy field in Gorontalo Regency
Authors: Ekafitrawan M , Jamil M H , Useng D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Agricultural land is the main and unique factor of agricultural production because it is difficult to replace in an agricultural business process. This research is intended to conduct a spatial study of changes in land use, especially paddy fields and the suitability of spatial use with the regional spatial plan (RTRW). In this study, an analysis of land-use change was carried out by comparing multitemporal land cover data (time series), and the suitability analysis of spatial use by comparing actual land cover data with the direction of spatial use specified in the RTRW document. Both of these analyses were carried out by overlaying maps using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) spatial data processing software. The results showed that within ten years (2007-2017), an increase in the total area occurred in the plantation (1.4%), built land (41.37%), dry land/fields (1.97%), and lake/body of water land-use class (11.14%). While the area of forest, paddy fields, and shrubs are reduced by 0.12%, 5.09%, and 6.68%, respectively. The results of overlaying actual land use maps with spatial pattern maps on Gorontalo Regency RTRW show that most (65.67%) land use in Gorontalo Regency is still following the direction of spatial use which has been specified in the RTRW. Whereas 34.13% of other land uses were identified as not yet suitable (30.57%) and not suitable (3.55%) with the RTRW. Land use that is not yet suitable is still possible to change to adjust the spatial Plan in the future. Regarding paddy fields, the land-use suitability matrix with the RTRW shows that 86.18% of the paddy fields in Gorontalo Regency are following the RTRW (located in the allotment of wetland agriculture areas), while the remaining 13.82% are not following the RTRW. There is also the potential for new paddy fields with a total area of 6,293 hectares.
Hunting in the seas: population status and community perspectives on giant clams (Tridacnidae) and Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus), endangered marine taxa of the Wallacea Region, Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf S , Moore A M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Giant clams (Tridacnidae) and the Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus) are valued fisheries commodities for local consumption and trade. Heavy exploitation has greatly reduced their abundance in the Wallacea Region. This study on giant calm and Napoleon wrasse around Sulawesi is based on data from biophysical (SCUBA diving) and socioeconomic surveys from 2004 to 2016 in the Spermonde Archipelago and around Selayar Island, South Sulawesi; and in Central Sulawesi (primarily in the Togean Islands) between 2001 and 2015. Giant clam population abundance declined, with some larger species (Tridacna gigas, T. derasa, T. squamosa, Hippopus porcellanus) no longer found at many sites. Despite increasing awareness regarding the protected status of giant clams, exploitation has continued, including mass collection for traditional festivals in the South Sulawesi islands. Specifically intended for export, fishing uses destructive methods, Napoleon wrasse abundance also declined. Habitat (coral reef) degradation likely also had a negative impact. Low densities could threaten reproductive success. Effective protection measures are needed to rebuild depleted giant calm and Napoleon wrasse populations. This is done to promote the natural process of reproduction and recruitment, and degraded habitat should be rehabilitated through passive or active coral reef restoration. Ex-situ (hatchery) breeding and restocking could speed the recovery of depleted giant clam populations.
Empowering youth development and empowerment program (P3MD) in the District of Lappariaja, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia
Authors: Suherman  , Taba M I , Rahmadanih  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Development and empowerment programs for rural communities are expected to be able to have an impact on youth empowerment. This study aims to determine the impact of youth empowerment in P3MD in Lappariaja District. This research is classified as a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects of this study were P3MD experts, village assistants, sub-district governments, village governments / village officials, the Office of Community and Village Empowerment and Youth Groups. Data collection is done by using interviews, observation, documentation. Researchers are the main instrument in conducting research. Techniques used in data analysis are data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that youth empowerment on the implementation of the P3MD program had an impact on empowerment with two levels of empowerment, in accordance with the empowerment indicators issued by UNESCO.
Mineralogy and quality of Banti Coal, Baraka District, Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.
Authors: Widodo S , Sufriadin  , Thamrin M , Wahyufirmansyah  , Jafar N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Coal deposits in Banti Village, Enrekang Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia are geographically located at coordinates: 03°27‘59.72” south latitude and 119°51‘34.35” east longitude and are categorized as medium coal quality. This is evidenced by the results of several analysis that have been carried out. Microscopic analysis showed that there were three dominant minerals such as quartz, pyrite and clay. While the results of mineralogical analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) coal in Banti Village show the contents of minerals such as quartz, illite, kaolinite, pyrite, and hematite. Proximate and total sulfur analysis of Banti coal was carried out in 3 samples, namely; sample ENRE-1A, ENRE-1C, ENRE-1D. Banti coal samples shows the average value of total moisture 2.29%, 13.79% ash content, 28.77% volatile matter, 55.83% fixed carbon, and 1.16% total sulfur content. ENRE-1A coal sample shows total moisture 3.20%, ash content 13.72%, volatile matter 27.57%, fixed carbon 55.52%, and total sulfur content 1.84%. ENRE-1C coal sample contains the lowest total moisture which is 1.68%, the highest ash content is 16.9%, volatile matter is 27.79%, fixed carbon is 53.76%, and total sulfur content is 0.92%. ENRE-1D coal sample showed total moisture content of 1.98%, ash content of 10.76%, volatile matter of 31.06%, fixed carbon of 65.2%, and total sulfur content of 0.70%. Analysis of calorific value of Banti coal samples respectively shows 6,785 kcal/kg for sample ENRE-1A, 6,794 kcal/kg for sample ENRE-1C, and 7,229 kcal/kg for sample ENRE-1D. Analyses of the three coal samples were carried out based on ASTM 1981. The presence of quartz, illite, kaolinite, pyrite, and hematite minerals in the coal samples affects the hight ash content in Banti coal. The sulfur content present on Banti coal is mainly due to the presence of pyrite. In general, the ash and sulfur content of Banti coal is classified as medium coal category. Banti coal has good quality for further study, especially coal seam ENRE-1D (coal seam containt hight calorific value and low total sulfur content).
Consumption and in vivo digestibility of feed supplemented by katuk (Sauropus androgynus) and gamal (Gliricidia sepium) leaves in friesian holstein cattle
Authors: Sutomo S , Garantjang S , Natsir A , Ako A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research is to understand the effects of katuk and gamal leaf supplementation on production and quality of milk at early lactation period. The research was conducted in dairy cattle husbandry, Enrekang, with completely randomized design consisting of 4 treatments and 4 repetitions, yielding totally 16 experimental units. The experimental diet was made of forage (60%), concentrate (25%), gamal leaf (15%), and katuk leaf (135 g, 155 gr, 175 g). The results showed that supplementation with katuk leaf significantly contributed to production of milk. The diet enriched with katuk leaf of 155 gr and gamal leaf of 15% (treatment P2) was evidenced to exert desirable effects on consumption and digestibility of the forage as source of fibers.
Design and Analysis of Flow Field in Electrochemical Machining of Micro Grooves on Gear Tooth Surface
Authors: Chen Yuanlong , Zhang Tengfei , Lin Hua , Chen Qi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The gear with solid lubricating material embedded in micro grooves on gear tooth surface can better adapt to severe lubrication conditions. Electrochemical machining with the mask has shown good feasibility in machining micro grooves for filling solid self-lubricating materials on the tooth surface of gear. The electrolyte flow field is a vital contributor to the accuracy of electrochemical machining, therefore, it is important to design a suitable electrolyte flow mode. In this paper, based on the distribution characteristics of micro grooves on gear tooth surface, two kinds of shaped cathodes are designed, one with electrolyte flow slot and the other without. Each cathode can form two electrolyte flow modes respectively. The effects of four electrolyte flow modes on the stability of the machining gap flow field are analyzed by using computational fluid dynamics. The simulated results show that the cathode without electrolyte flow slot is beneficial to electrolyte flow during electrochemical machining with the mask, notably when the electrolyte flows into the machining gap from the face of the gear.
Damage Assessment Using Natural Frequency on Concentric Braced Frame Steel Structures
Authors: Risadi Ahmad Zaki , Rastandi Josia Irwan , Sentosa Bastian O.B. , Orientilize M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
At present, structural assessment using dynamic characteristics remains to be explored. In this study, a correlation between damage index and natural frequencies of Concentric Braced Frame steel structures has been observed. The study consists of two sections: the first section presents the calculation of the damage indices of structures by means of monotonic and semicyclic pushover analyses using OpenSEES software, while the second section evaluates the structures’ natural frequencies by means of modal analyses using SAP2000 software. Our results show a trend in which with increasing amounts of lateral load, natural frequencies of the structures decrease while the damage indices increase. There is also an apparent ‘jump’ in the damage index values after the lateral loads reach their critical limits. The study results help the understanding of the structural assessment process at the global scale.
Use of a digital delirium pathway and quality improvement to improve delirium detection in the emergency department and outcomes in an acute hospital
Authors: Vardy Emma , Collins Niamh , Grover Umang , Thompson Rebecca , Bagnall Alexandra , Clarke Georgia , Heywood Shelley , Thompson Beverley , Wintle Lesley , Nutt Louise , Hulme Sarah 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
delirium is a common condition associated with hospital admission. Detection and diagnosis is important to identify the underlying precipitating cause and implement effective management and treatment. Quality improvement (QI) methodology has been applied in limited publications. There are even fewer publications of the role of development of the electronic health record (EHR) to enhance implementation.

Methods
we used QI methodology to improve delirium detection in the emergency department (ED). Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) cycles could be broadly categorised into technology, training and education and leadership. As part of the technology PDSA an electronic delirium pathway was developed as part of an NHS England digital systems improvement initiative (NHS England Global Digital Exemplar). The electronic pathway incorporated the 4AT screening tool, the Confusion Assessment Method, the TIME delirium management bundle, investigation order sets and automated coding of delirium as a health issue.

Results
development of the EHR combined with education initiatives had benefit in terms of the number of people assessed for delirium on admission to the ED and the total number of people diagnosed with delirium across the organisation. The implementation of a delirium pathway as part of the EHR improved the use of 4AT in those 65 years and over from baseline of 3% completion in October 2017 to 43% in January 2018.

Conclusion
we showed that enhancement of the digital record can improve delirium assessment and diagnosis. Furthermore, the implementation of a delirium pathway is enhanced by staff education.
CCLA: an accurate method and web server for cancer cell line authentication using gene expression profiles
Authors: Zhang Qiong , Luo Mei , Liu Chun-Jie , Guo An-Yuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cancer cell lines (CCLs) as important model systems play critical roles in cancer research. The misidentification and contamination of CCLs are serious problems, leading to unreliable results and waste of resources. Current methods for CCL authentication are mainly based on the CCL-specific genetic polymorphism, whereas no method is available for CCL authentication using gene expression profiles. Here, we developed a novel method and homonymic web server (CCLA, Cancer Cell Line Authentication, http://bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/web/CCLA/) to authenticate 1291 human CCLs of 28 tissues using gene expression profiles. CCLA showed an excellent speed advantage and high accuracy for CCL authentication, a top 1 accuracy of 96.58 or 92.15% (top 3 accuracy of 100 or 95.11%) for microarray or RNA-Seq validation data (719 samples, 461 CCLs), respectively. To the best of our knowledge, CCLA is the first approach to authenticate CCLs using gene expression data. Users can freely and conveniently authenticate CCLs using gene expression profiles or NCBI GEO accession on CCLA website.
Development of human ectocervical tissue models with physiologic endocrine and paracrine signaling†
Authors: McKinnon Kelly E , Sensharma Rhitwika , Williams Chloe , Ravix Jovanka , Getsios Spiro , Woodruff Teresa K 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere is a shortage of research models that adequately represent the unique mucosal environment of human ectocervix, limiting development of new therapies for treating infertility, infection, or cancer. We developed three microphysiologic human ectocervix models to study hormone action during homeostasis. First, we reconstructed ectocervix using decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds, which supported cell integration and could be clinically useful. Secondly, we generated organotypic systems consisting of ectocervical explants co-cultured with murine ovaries or cycling exogenous hormones, which mimicked human menstrual cycles. Finally, we engineered ectocervix tissue consisting of tissue-specific stromal-equivalents and fully-differentiated epithelium that mimicked in vivo physiology, including squamous maturation, hormone response, and mucin production, and remained viable for 28 days in vitro. The localization of differentiation-dependent mucins in native and engineered tissue was identified for the first time, which will allow increased efficiency in mucin targeting for drug delivery. In summary, we developed and characterized three microphysiologic human ectocervical tissue models that will be useful for a variety of research applications, including preventative and therapeutic treatments, drug and toxicology studies, and fundamental research on hormone action in a historically understudied tissue that is critical for women’s health.
Knockdown of IP3R1 disrupts tubulobulbar complex-ectoplasmic reticulum contact sites and the morphology of apical processes encapsulating late spermatids†
Authors: Adams Arlo , Vogl Wayne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTubulobulbar complexes (TBCs) internalize intercellular junctions during sperm release. One of the characteristic features of TBCs is that they form “bulbs” or swollen regions that have well-defined membrane contact sites (MCS) with adjacent cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum. Previously, we have localized the IP3R calcium channel to the TBC bulb-ER contacts and have hypothesized that fluctuations in local calcium levels may facilitate the maturation of TBC bulbs into putative endosomes, or alter local actin networks that cuff adjacent tubular regions of the TBCs. To test this, we injected the testes of Sprague Dawley rats with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against IP3R1 and processed the tissues for either western blot, immunofluorescence, or electron microscopy. When compared to control testes injected with nontargeting siRNAs, Sertoli cells in knocked-down testes showed significant morphological alterations to the actin networks including a loss of TBC actin and the appearance of ectopic para-crystalline actin bundles in Sertoli cell stalks. There also was a change in the abundance and distribution of TBC-ER contact sites and large internalized endosomes. This disruption of TBCs resulted in delay of the withdrawal of apical processes away from spermatids and in spermiation. Together, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that calcium exchange at TBC-ER contacts is involved both in regulating actin dynamics at TBCs and in the maturing of TBC bulbs into endosomes. The results are also consistent with the hypothesis that TBCs are part of the sperm release mechanism.
Mechanism of semen liquefaction and its potential for a novel non-hormonal contraception†
Authors: Anamthathmakula Prashanth , Winuthayanon Wipawee 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSemen liquefaction is a proteolytic process where a gel-like ejaculated semen becomes watery due to the enzymatic activity of prostate-derived serine proteases in the female reproductive tract. The liquefaction process is crucial for the sperm to gain their motility and successful transport to the fertilization site in Fallopian tubes (or oviducts in animals). Hyperviscous semen or failure in liquefaction is one of the causes of male infertility. Therefore, the biochemical inhibition of serine proteases in the female reproductive tract after ejaculation is a prime target for novel contraceptive development. Herein, we will discuss protein components in the ejaculates responsible for semen liquefaction and any developments of contraceptive methods in the past that involve the liquefaction process.
Shared Insights across the Ecology of Coral Reefs and African Savannas: Are Parrotfish Wet Wildebeest?
Authors: Burkepile Deron E , Schmitt Melissa H , Stears Keenan , Donovan Mary K , Thompson Dave I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Comparison across terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems facilitates a broader understanding of ecological patterns. Although meta-analyses are important for quantitative synthesis across ecosystems, detailed comparisons of natural history and species interactions also illuminate convergence among systems. We compare the ecology of superficially dissimilar African savannas and coral reefs via shared characteristics including: (1) hyperdiverse guilds of large vertebrate herbivores and predators, (2) similar mechanisms driving positive feedback loops between herbivory and primary production, (3) similar roles of disturbance and herbivory in mediating ecosystem state, and (4) numerous smaller vertebrate and invertebrate species that underpin diversity and ecosystem processes. Our goal in comparing the natural history and ecology of these ecosystems is to facilitate others in finding their own comparative systems. We encourage scientists, especially early-career scientists, to explore ecosystems other than their primary focus. Whatever your ecosystem of study, examining the ecology of its analog in another environment may enliven your career.
Methodological considerations for investigating oral anticoagulation persistence in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Paquette Miney , Mbuagbaw Lawrence , Iorio Alfonso , Nieuwlaat Robby 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aims
Reports of long-term oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) reveal highly variable, and generally suboptimal estimates of medication persistence. The objective of this review is to summarize current literature and highlight important methodological considerations for interpreting persistence research and designing studies of persistence on OAC treatment.

Methods and results
We summarize differences in study methodology, setting, timing, treatment, and other factors associated with reports of better or worse persistence. For example, prospective compared with retrospective study designs are associated with higher reported persistence. Similarly, patient factors such as permanent AF or high stroke risk, and treatment with non-vitamin K oral antagonists relative to vitamin K antagonists are associated with higher persistence. Persistence has also been reported to be higher in Europe compared with North America and higher when the treating physician is a general practitioner compared with a specialist. We propose a framework for assessing and designing persistence studies. This framework includes aspects of patient selection, reliability and validity of measures, persistence definitions, clinical utility of measurements, follow-up periods, and analytic approaches.

Conclusions
Differences in study design, patient selection, treatments, and factors such as the countries/regions where studies are conducted or the type of treating physician may help explain the variability in OAC persistence estimates. A framework is proposed to assess persistence studies. This may have utility to compare and interpret published studies as well as for planning of future studies.