bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Driving India’s Growth: Challenges and Policy Measures
Authors: Jain Vandana , Kumarasamy Durairaj 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With a vision that comprises inclusive development, technological innovation, and alignment with global sustainability goals, India is on a path to sustainable growth, which aligns with the government’s vision of Viksit Bharat to attain the status of a developed nation by 2047. India is distinguished by its rich cultural legacy, outstanding economic achievement and diverse population. In this context, the study examines India’s goal of becoming a developed nation by integrating social, financial, and environmental advancement in an ecologically sound manner that includes all sections of society. The study examines India’s trajectory toward sustainable goals by analysing key sectors such as start-ups, health and education, green energy, skill development, and technological innovation. The findings contribute to understanding how strategic development in these sectors can empower all citizens and align India’s growth with global sustainability objectives, ultimately realizing the aspirations of Viksit Bharat.
Towards efficient models for hydraulic conductivity in conifer wood. Part 1: estimation of sizes and numbers of bordered pits
Authors: Lundqvist Sven-Olof , Rosner Sabine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Functional traits like hydraulic conductivity and vulnerability to cavitation are increasingly important due to climate change. In conifers, water is transported through lumina of tracheids connected via bordered pits, which severely limit xylem conductivity by causing large pressure drops related to their number, dimensions and structure. According to literature, numbers and dimensions of pits correlate positively with tracheid and lumen dimensions. This reflects variations from earlywood to latewood and between rings formed under different grow conditions, contributing to major conductivity variations. The wider aim of the work is to estimate such conductivity variations in trunkwood from measurement data on radial and axial variations of tracheid dimensions. This requires several integrated models, including models estimating numbers and dimensions of pits. The article presents such models developed on data from 27 Norway spruce trees representing different sites, clones and growth rates. Measured and estimated variations of tracheid, lumen and pit properties within and between rings are illustrated, indicating on average about one third smaller and fewer pits in latewood than in earlywood tracheids, and variations in numbers and areas of pits per unit volume of xylem which may be interesting also in fields like wood drying and impregnation.
Situating Hong Kong’s ‘Rule of Law’ Internationally
Authors: Pascoe Daniel , Zamir Noam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rule of law is often cast as the primary governance ideology of Hong Kong. Hong Kong is a capitalist, common law legal jurisdiction that had, at least until a recent political crackdown, strained to differentiate itself from authoritarian, socialist, mainland China over its northern border. This article explores government conceptions of the rule of law in Hong Kong, benchmarked against rule of law standards adopted by member states at the United Nations (UN). We argue that Hong Kong’s ‘official’ rule of law definition is at odds with an evolving international consensus on the rule of law within domestic legal and political systems. This has especially been the case after 2005, with the strengthening of rule of law discourse at the UN General Assembly and the rule of law’s increasing political contestation and weaponisation in Hong Kong. Compared with the contemporary consensus expressed at the UN, Hong Kong’s rule of law definition, as favoured by the territory’s executive, legislative and judicial branches, possesses a narrower ambit, but is also more finely articulated.
Phytochemical characterization and evaluation of the biological activity spectrum of ethanolic fruit extract of Garcinia indica: a less explored plant of Ayurveda
Authors: Kushwaha Pooja , Ahmad Rumana , Srivastava Aditi , Trivedi Anchal , Gupta Akshay Kumar , Mehrotra Sudhir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives

Garcinia indica (commonly known as kokum) has been employed in Ayurvedic and Siddha medicine since ancient times. Every part of the plant has its own set of advantages and applications. Therefore, the present evaluates the phytochemical composition and biological activity spectrum of the ethanolic fruit extract of G. indica.

Methods
Ethanolic extract of fruits of G. indica (GIFEE) underwent TPC and TFC quantification, with bioactive components characterized via GC-MS and HPLC. The disc diffusion method was used for assessing the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). GIFEE was employed to assess the cytotoxic impact on MDA-MB-231 cells through the utilisation of the MTT. The administered dosage of the extract ranged from 10-45 μg/mL.

Results
TPC and TFC of GIFEE were determined to be 255.09 ± 4.7 mg GAE/g and 184.83 ± 3.2 mg QE/g dry mass of the extract, respectively. Furthermore, GIFEE demonstrated antibacterial activity against S. aureus and a strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50=51.46 μg/mL). GIFEE induced strong anticancer activity (IC50=20 μg/mL) against the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, while had no discernible impact on normal human HEK-293 cells.

Conclusions
By virtue of a high phenolic and flavonoid content and possessing potent anticancer activity profile in vitro, GIFEE appears to be a promising candidate for future and further testing in vitro and in vivo as an effective ‘adjunct’/complementary medicine in cancer chemotherapy regimens.
Autosomally dominantly inherited isolated gonadotropin deficiency via maternal assisted reproduction due to SOX10 mutation
Authors: Bakjaji Shadi , Hoffman Robert P. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a rare genetic disorder marked by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and either anosmia or hyposmia. It exhibits genetic heterogeneity, with mutations identified in only 30 % of cases, involving various genes such as KAL1, FGFR1, FGF8, CHD7, and SOX10. Here, we present a case of gonadotropin deficiency associated with KS, observed in both a mother and her daughter, the latter conceived through assisted reproductive technology using the mother’s ovum.

Case presentation
A 12-year-old female presented with short stature and lack of growth over the past year. Initial laboratory testing revealed mildly elevated TSH (8.348 uIU/mL), normal free T4 (0.9 ng/dL), and positive thyroid antibodies, including elevated TPO (629 IU/mL). Her growth hormone peak response to stimulation testing was 12.8 ng/mL, and GnRH stimulation indicated a peak LH value of 1.78 mIU/mL and a peak FSH value of 2.83 mIU/mL, consistent with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH). Genetic testing identified a novel heterozygous variant in the SOX10 gene, predicted to be damaging, and also present in her mother, who had Kallmann syndrome. The patient was initiated on low-dose estrogen therapy with estradiol patches to stimulate growth and pubertal development.

Conclusions
This case highlights the transmission of a novel SOX10 mutation in a mother-daughter pair through assisted reproductive technology, bypassing the typical infertility-related barriers to genetic inheritance in KS. The autosomal dominant inheritance pattern observed in this family emphasizes the importance of genetic counseling when reproductive assistance is considered. This case also suggests that SOX10 mutations may contribute more broadly to the pathogenesis of KS and related HH.
Almost periodic functions on time scales and their properties
Authors: Li Yongkun , Huang Xiaoli 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this article, we first propose a concept of almost periodic functions on arbitrary time scales, which is defined by trigonometric polynomial approximations with respect to supremum norm, and study some basic properties of these kinds of functions. Then, on almost periodic time scales, we introduce the concepts of the mean value and Fourier series of almost periodic functions and give some related results. Finally, we give the definitions of almost periodic functions in the sense of Bohr and in the sense of Bochner on time scales, respectively, and prove the equivalence of the above three definitions on almost periodic time scales.
Backward stochastic differential equations driven by G-Lévy process with double reflexions
Authors: Gueye Cheikh , Aidara Sadibou , Sow Ahmadou Bamba 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the reflected backward stochastic differential equations driven by G-Lévy process with two reflecting obstacles under the Lipschitz condition on the coefficients, which means that the solution lies between two prescribed processes.
A new kind of approximate Skorohod condition is proposed to derive the uniqueness and existence of the solutions.
We give some a priori estimations for the uniqueness and we prove the existence of the solution by penalization method.
A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Determinants Influencing Military Expenditure: New Methodological Insights and Implications for Defence Budget Allocation
Authors: Bachtiar Muchamad , Ahmad Irdam , Sahabuddin Zainal Abidin , Trismadi Trismadi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The aim of this article is to conduct a meta-analysis of existing research on the determinants of military expenditure. Using data from an initial screening of 179 studies, 15 studies were selected for meta-analysis, contributing 20,023 observations to analyze key variables influencing defense budget allocations. By employing a random-effects meta-analysis, this study synthesizes findings across diverse geopolitical and economic contexts, addressing inconsistencies in prior research and enhancing the reliability of conclusions. Our findings indicate that war, current military expenditure, and the presence of external threats (enemies) are significant drivers of military spending, while national conditions show a significant negative correlation with military expenditure. Other variables, including GDP, population, democracy, trade, FDI, arms exports, alliances, threats, and political regime type, do not show strong correlations. By combining data from multiple studies, this methodological approach not only generalizes results and improves the precision of effect estimates but also identifies gaps to guide future defense economics research. This research provides policymakers with a broader understanding of the factors shaping defense budgets, offering insights into how traditional budgeting methods might be complemented by a data-driven approach.
Attempting to catch the Shadows
Authors: Aleksynaitė Simona 
Published: December 2024

Apie Dariaus Indrišionio disertaciją „Nelegalios ekonominės praktikos Lietuvos SSR (1940–1953 m.)“ ir jos gynimą / On Darius Indrišionis’ Thesis „Illegal Economical Practices in Lithuanian SSR (1940–1953)“
Панамська криза 1989 року: роль ватиканської дипломатії
Authors: Данилюк Іван 
Published: December 2024

Актуальність дослідження Панамської кризи 1989 року полягає у важливості вивчення причин політичних криз із метою майбутнього запобігання подібних явищ, а також у важливості вивчення шляхів вирішення політичних й дипломатичних криз.
Мета статті: дослідити роль ватиканської дипломатії під час Панамської кризи 1989 року. Досягнення мети дослідження передбачає розкриття наступних завдань: проаналізувати причини Панамської кризи 1989 року; дослідити причини дипломатичного інциденту й роль ватиканських дипломатів під час Панамської кризи; дослідити особливості перемовин між представниками США та Святого Престолу в Панамі 1989-1990 рр.
Результати: Було відзначено, що Панамська криза була наслідком вторгнення армії США у Панаму задля усунення панамського диктатора Мануеля Нор’єги. Встановлено, що Панамська криза 1989 року спровокувала дипломатичний інцидент для ватиканської дипломатії, адже нунцій Святого Престолу надав політичний притулок колишньому диктатору Панами. Це був перший випадок, коли нунціатура Святого Престолу надала офіційний політичний притулок. Окрім того, вперше нунціатуру Святого Престолу оточили військові іноземної країни. Також вперше проти ватиканських дипломатів використовували тактику психологічної війни, а саме рок-музику.
Відзначено, що надання політичного притулку колишньому диктатору Панами спровокувало дипломатичну кризу між США та Ватиканом, яку вдалось вирішити шляхом зміни політики США у відносинах зі Святим Престолом. Внаслідок застосування м’яких методів, так званої «м’якої сили», американцям вдалося переконати Ватикан і налагодити співпрацю з папськими легатами задля вирішення питання Нор’єги.
Висновки: Панамська криза 1989 року, яка розпочалась із вторгнення армії США в Панаму, остаточно була врегульована завдяки методів «м’якої сили», які змінили позицію Ватикану. Як наслідок, 3 січня 1990 року папський нунцій переконав колишнього диктатора Панами добровільно здатися американським військовим і покинути папську нунціатуру. Панамська криза 1989 року демонструє важливість м’яких дипломатичних методів задля запобігання ескалації конфлікту.
Феномен критичного мислення у контексті філософії для дітей: трансцендентальний вимір
Authors: Макаренко Марія 
Published: December 2024

Актуальність теми обумовлена важливістю впровадження філософії для дітей у сучасному українському освітньому просторі, а також тими цивілізаційними викликами, з якими Україна зіштовхнулась у війні з Росією.
Метою є розкриття гносеологічних, етичних, естетичних площин трансцендентального виміру феномена критичного мислення у межах філософії для дітей, базуючись на поглядах І. Канта шляхом артикуляції актових, змістовних, антропологічних зрізів кожної з позначених площин.
Результатами дослідження є, по-перше, позначення актових, змістовних та антропологічних зрізів трансцендентального виміру критичного мислення. По-друге, було окреслено особливості трансцендентального виміру гносеологічної, етичної та естетичної площин. По-третє, було артикульовано особливості гносеологічної площини трансцендентального виміру критичного мислення в актовому, змістовному та антропологічному зрізах. По-четверте, було вивчено етичну площину трансцендентального виміру критичного мислення в актовому, змістовному та антропологічному зрізах. По-п’яте, опрацьовано естетичну площину трансцендентального виміру критичного мислення в актовому, змістовному та антропологічному зрізах. По-шосте, продемонстровані кореляти між гносеологічною, етичною, естетичною площинами трансцендентального виміру критичного мислення та філософією для дітей (активність позиції дослідника, пізнання як феноменальне конструювання світу у смислових зв’язках, процесуальний характер набуття автономії розуму, поєднання свободи та відповідальності, знайомство з прекрасними мистецтвами, sensus communis як основа «спільноти дослідження» М. Ліпмана).
У висновках наведені основні підсумки дослідження гносеологічної, етичної, естетичної площин трансцендентального виміру критичного мислення у контексті філософії для дітей в актових, змістовних, антропологічних зрізах.
Relación de poder en el derecho humano con la dignidad del adolescente en México
Authors: OVANDO ARIAS MATEO , Priego Álvarez Heberto Romeo , Islas Colín Alfredo 
Published: December 2024

The complex relationship between power and dignity of adolescents in Mexico, highlighting human rights violations. Even more so is the lack of effective implementation of laws that protect adolescents, as well as the stigmatized perception that authorities have about them. Despite regulatory advances, the implementation of regulations that protect this group remains deficient, which restricts their ability to fully exercise their rights and maintain their dignity. Through a structuralist and realistic legal analysis, the study evaluates the effectiveness of the legal system and reveals significant obstacles in the application of public policies. The stigmatized perception that authorities have towards adolescents is criticized and a collaborative approach between various social actors is proposed to improve the situation. The importance of international instruments is mentioned, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child and other covenants, which recognize specific rights for adolescents and establish protection mechanisms. Highlights the urgency of strengthening the protection of adolescent dignity, emphasizing that, although legal frameworks exist, the actual practice by institutions remains insufficient, which shows the vulnerability and the need to make effective the tangible rights of adolescents in Mexico.
Diferentes dimensões dos Espaços Urbanos. Compreensão crítica e interdisciplinar das cidades enquanto territórios dinâmicos
Authors: Neiman Zysman 
Published: December 2024

Estudos Urbanos e das Cidades: debates e reflexões" é uma leitura essencial para acadêmicos, planejadores urbanos, gestores públicos e qualquer pessoa interessada em compreender as cidades de maneira crítica e aprofundada. A obra transcende os casos específicos de Palmas e Porto Nacional, oferecendo insights valiosos para refletir sobre os desafios e possibilidades das cidades brasileiras em toda sua complexidade e diversidade. Trata-se de uma contribuição indispensável para quem deseja aprofundar-se no estudo das dinâmicas urbanas contemporâneas, especialmente no contexto brasileiro. Organizada em uma introdução e mais nove capítulos que abrangem temas diversos, o livro se destaca por oferecer uma análise interdisciplinar e crítica sobre os múltiplos aspectos que compõem as cidades. Com foco nas cidades de Palmas e Porto Nacional, no Tocantins, a obra amplia a compreensão sobre urbanização em áreas periféricas e emergentes, um campo muitas vezes negligenciado pela literatura acadêmica.
Molecular Vibration and Physicochemical Performance of Proton-Conducting Solid Polymer Electrolyte Membrane based on CMC/PVA/CH3COONH4
Authors: Ndruru Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo , Rachmadhanti Elvira Nur , Fridarima Shanny , Berghuis Nila Tanyela , Prasetyo Ridho , Yulianti Evi , Hayati Atika Trisna , Adriana Risda , Siregar Rabiyatul Adawiyah , Sofyan Muhammad Ihsan , Sampora Yulianti , Annas Dicky , Madiabu Muhammad Jihad 
Published: December 2024

This work studied examined the influence of ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4) on CMC/PVA-based solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) membranes, focusing on molecular vibration, proton conductivity, and physicochemical properties. SPE membranes were prepared via the casting solution method with varying CH3COONH4 concentrations to determine the optimal proton conductivity. Various characterizations, including FTIR, EIS, XRD, and TGA, were performed. The optimal membrane condition was achieved with 10 wt-% CH3COONH4 in the CMC/PVA (80/20) blend, yielding proton conductivity of 3.93×10⁻⁴ S/cm and favorable mechanical, thermal, and crystallinity properties, making it suitable for proton-conducting polymer applications.
Keywords: ammonium acetate, carboxymethyl cellulose, ionic conductivity, poly(vinyl alcohol), proton battery, solid electrolyte membrane
The comparison of the Sensitivity Value of Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) between ANTAM and Commercial Gold Sources in the Detection of SARS-CoV-2: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Istianah Istianah , Vidiawati Agustina , Alfiyan Akhmad Irfan , Andreani Agustina Sus 
Published: December 2024

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been developed as a colorimetric sensor to detect SARS-CoV-2 with surface modification using N-ethyl-N′-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) carbodiimide/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) and angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE-2). The gold sources used in the synthesis are produced by PT Aneka Tambang Indonesia (ANTAM) and commercial gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This study compares the sensitivity values of ANTAM gold sources and commercial AuNPs in detecting SARS-CoV-2. The AuNPs-ANTAM detection test against the SARS-CoV-2 resulted in LoD and LoQ values of 5.38 ng/mL and 17.92 ng/mL, in the linearity curve range of 10 – 50 ng/mL, respectively. LoD and LoQ values of commercial AuNPs for detecting SARS-CoV-2, respectively, are 6.69 ng/mL and 22.31 ng/mL in the linearity curve range of 10 – 50 ng/mL. Based on the LoD and LoQ values, AuNPs-ANTAM is more sensitive than commercial AuNPs in detecting SARS-CoV-2 over the same range of linearity curves.
Keywords: ACE-2, colorimetry sensor, EDC/NHS, gold nanoparticles, SARS-CoV-2, surface Modifications
LC-MS Based Metabolite Profiling of Ethanol Extract From the Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) and In Silico Prediction of Antidiabetic Activity With α-Glucosidase
Authors: Latief Madyawati , Arum Dewi , Nurjannah Sofia , Tarigan Indra Lasmana , Khatib Alfi , Yusnaidar Yusnaidar 
Published: December 2024

Sungkai (Peronema canescens Jack) is a medicinal plant in the Verbenaceae family that is known to have antidiabetic activity. The secondary metabolite content found in sungkai leaves is in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, phenolics, and saponins. This research aimed to identify the biological activity of compounds in sungkai plants as antidiabetic agents using α-glucosidase inhibitors in silico. Sungkai leaf extract with ethanol solvent was identified using a Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). There are 15 compounds resulting from LC-MS/MS analysis which will then predict antidiabetic activity using molecular docking. Molecular docking was carried out using AutoDock Tools software and visualized with Discovery Studio. The highest scoring result obtained from the molecular docking test was the compound C13H23N6S with a free bond energy result of -7.31 and an inhibition constant value of 4.41 μM, which binds three hydrogen bonds in GLU 78, ALA 75, and GLU 198.
Keywords: In sillico, metabolite profilling, Peronema canescens
United center for emergency care and disaster medicine in the Belgorod region: daily work in protracted emergency situations
Authors: Teplov V. M. , Tsebrovskaya E. A. , Karpova E. A. , Grigoriev S. A. , Moskvina S. S. , Bagnenko S. F. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The trend of uniting the ambulance service in the subject of the Russian Federation has already been introduced in more than half of the regions of our country, but despite this, the arguments in favor of such centralization are still being questioned in the professional community.The purpose of the study: to study the impact of the association in the Center of Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine on the speciﬁcs of providing emergency medical care to patients in the Belgorod region in working conditions in protracted emergencies.Materials and methods. A comparative analysis of the activities of the emergency medical service was carried out before and after the creation of the Center for Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine. The obtained results were subjected to statistical processing using the Pearson χ2 test.Results. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that despite working in conditions of protracted emergencies of a biological, social and military nature, as a result of the merger, it was possible to signiﬁcantly (p<0.05) improve the performance of 20-minute delivery of emergency medical services teams to emergency calls. Thanks to the merger, it was possible to ensure timely evacuation of victims with severe combined injuries to level 1 and 2 trauma centers, as well as patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome to the regional vascular center.Conclusion. The creation of the Uniﬁed Center for Emergency Medical Care and Disaster Medicine made it possible to organize the eﬀective functioning of the EMS service in the region against the backdrop of a protracted emergency of a biological, social and military nature.