bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between alcohol consumption and sleep disorders among older people in the general population
Authors: Britton Annie , Fat Linda Ng , Neligan Aidan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe relationship between alcohol consumption and sleep disturbance is complex. The association of alcohol dependence with insomnia is likely to be bidirectional in nature. Alcohol use is common among older people in many societies and the prevalence of insomnia tends to increase with age, therefore this group warrants particular consideration. We explored the cross sectional and long term (30 years) associations between alcohol drinking (volume and hazardous drinking) and sleep duration and insomnia in a general population study of older adults (6,117 male and female civil servants followed for 30 years). For men, drinking more than 21 units (approximately 168 grams) of alcohol per week, compared with not drinking, was associated with waking several times a night (odds ratio 1.30, confidence intervals 1.02–1.66). Men who maintained a heavy volume of drinking over the three decades of observation, or who had an unstable consumption pattern, tended to have worse sleep profiles in terms of waking tired and waking several times. Sustained male hazardous drinking (as measured by the AUDIT-C scale) was also associated with worse sleep profiles. Findings for women were not so clear. In this population based setting, drinking high volumes of alcohol may contribute to the prevalence of sleep problems in older age, particularly for men. People in this age group should be discouraged from using alcohol as a sleep aid.
QTL-seq for identification of loci associated with resistance to Phytophthora crown rot in squash
Authors: Ramos Alexis , Fu Yuqing , Michael Vincent , Meru Geoffrey 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhytophthora capsici Leonian, the causal agent of foliar blight, root rot, fruit rot and crown rot syndromes in squash (Cucurbita moschata), is a devastating pathogen worldwide. Resistance to Phytophthora crown rot in University of Florida breeding line #394-1-27-12 (C. moschata) is conferred by three independent dominant genes (R1R2R3). Availability of DNA markers linked to R1R2R3 genes would allow efficient breeding for Phytophthora crown rot resistance through marker-assisted selection (MAS). The goal of the current study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to Phytophthora crown rot in an F2 population (n = 168) derived from a cross between #394-1-27-12 (R) and Butter Bush (S) using QTL-seq bulk segregant analysis. Whole-genome resequencing of the resistant (n = 20) and susceptible (n = 20) bulk segregants revealed ~900,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed across C. moschata genome. Three QTLs significantly (P < 0.05) associated with resistance to Phytophthora crown rot were detected on chromosome 4 (QtlPC-C04), 11 (QtlPC-C11) and 14 (QtlPC-C14). Several markers linked to these QTLs are potential targets for MAS against Phytophthora crown rot in C. moschata. The present study reports the first QTLs associated with Phytophthora crown rot resistance in C. moschata.
Haemorrhagic transformation following ischaemic stroke: A retrospective study
Authors: Pande S. D. , Win M. M. , Khine A. A. , Zaw E. M. , Manoharraj N. , Lolong L. , Tin A. S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of haemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients with ischaemic stroke, and evaluate its association with medical comorbidities, stroke subtypes, premorbid medication, and long-term survival. To achieve this, we performed a retrospective analysis of 527 consecutive stroke rehabilitation patients. Of these, 102 (19.4%) developed HT. Older patients, and those with large artery strokes, had a higher risk of HT. Forty-one patients received alteplase (rtPA), of which 15 (36.6%) developed HT. A total of 129 (24.5%) patients were taking aspirin prior to their stroke and, of these, 39 (30.2%) developed HT. Twenty-three (4.36%) patients were taking vitamin k antagonists, prior to stroke, of which 14 (60.9%) developed HT. There were 102 patients (19.35%) with underlying atrial fibrillation, of whom 55 (53.9%) developed HT. Patients with known ischaemic heart disease had an increased risk of HT, and patients with HT had significantly lower total cholesterol levels (4.96 vs. 5.34) and lower LDL cholesterol levels (3.20 vs. 3.5). In conclusion, older age, atrial fibrillation, treatment with oral anticoagulants and antiplatelet medications prior to stroke, low total and LDL cholesterol, and rtPA use, are all associated with HT. Survival was not affected by the presence of HT.
Longitudinal Study of Body Composition and Energy Expenditure in Overweight or Obese Young Adults
Authors: Fernández-García José Carlos , Gálvez-Fernández Ismael , Mercadé-Melé Pere , Gavala-González Juan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of an aerobic training program with a strength training program on body composition and energy expenditure in overweight or obese (29.06 ± 3.49 kg/m2) young adults (21.96 ± 1.90 years). Subjects (N = 109) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a control group (CG), an aerobic training (AT) group and a strength training (ST) group. Training took place over twelve weeks comprising three sessions per week with each session lasting 60 to 90 minutes. Before and after the program, weight, height, body mass index, lean mass percentage and fat mass percentage were evaluated. In addition, The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to estimate energy expenditure. The results of both aerobic training and strength training produced statistically significant improvements in weight (AT-CG = −2.892 kg; ST-CG = −2.986 kg); BMI (AT-CG = −1.075 kg/m2; ST-CG = −1.118 kg/m2); total body fat (AT-CG = −1529.172 g; ST-CG = −763.815); and total body fat percentage (AT-CG = −1.421%; AT-ST = −0.855%). These two exercise prescription models were therefore useful in reducing overweight and obesity, which could have an impact on improving the health and quality of life of individuals with these characteristics.
Validation of automated whole-body analysis of metabolic and morphological parameters from an integrated FDG-PET/MRI acquisition
Authors: Guglielmo P. , Ekström S. , Strand R. , Visvanathar R. , Malmberg F. , Johansson E. , Pereira M. J. , Skrtic S. , Carlsson B. C. L. , Eriksson J. W. , Ahlström H. , Kullberg J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAutomated quantification of tissue morphology and tracer uptake in PET/MR images could streamline the analysis compared to traditional manual methods. To validate a single atlas image segmentation approach for automated assessment of tissue volume, fat content (FF) and glucose uptake (GU) from whole-body [18F]FDG-PET/MR images. Twelve subjects underwent whole-body [18F]FDG-PET/MRI during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Automated analysis of tissue volumes, FF and GU were achieved using image registration to a single atlas image with reference segmentations of 18 volume of interests (VOIs). Manual segmentations by an experienced radiologist were used as reference. Quantification accuracy was assessed with Dice scores, group comparisons and correlations. VOI Dice scores ranged from 0.93 to 0.32. Muscles, brain, VAT and liver showed the highest scores. Pancreas, large and small intestines demonstrated lower segmentation accuracy and poor correlations. Estimated tissue volumes differed significantly in 8 cases. Tissue FFs were often slightly but significantly overestimated. Satisfactory agreements were observed in most tissue GUs. Automated tissue identification and characterization using a single atlas segmentation performs well compared to manual segmentation in most tissues and will be valuable in future studies. In certain tissues, alternative quantification methods or improvements to the current approach is needed.
Time-resolved fluorescence microscopy with phasor analysis for visualizing multicomponent topical drug distribution within human skin
Authors: Jeong Sinyoung , Greenfield Daniel A. , Hermsmeier Maiko , Yamamoto Akira , Chen Xin , Chan Kin F. , Evans Conor L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnderstanding a drug candidate’s pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters is a challenging but essential aspect of drug development. Investigating the penetration and distribution of a topical drug’s active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) allows for evaluating drug delivery and efficacy, which is necessary to ensure drug viability. A topical gel (BPX-05) was recently developed to treat moderate to severe acne vulgaris by directly delivering the combination of the topical antibiotic minocycline and the retinoid tazarotene to the pilosebaceous unit of the dermis. In order to evaluate the uptake of APIs within human facial skin and confirm accurate drug delivery, a selective visualization method to monitor and quantify local drug distributions within the skin was developed. This approach uses fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) paired with a multicomponent phasor analysis algorithm to visualize drug localization. As minocycline and tazarotene have distinct fluorescence lifetimes from the lifetime of the skin’s autofluorescence, these two APIs are viable targets for distinct visualization via FLIM. Here, we demonstrate that the analysis of the resulting FLIM output can be used to determine local distributions of minocycline and tazarotene within the skin. This approach is generalizable and can be applied to many multicomponent fluorescence lifetime imaging targets that require cellular resolution and molecular specificity.
Comparative high-throughput analysis of the Trypanosoma cruzi response to organometallic compounds
Authors: Mosquillo M Florencia , Smircich Pablo , Ciganda Martín , Lima Analía , Gambino Dinorah , Garat Beatriz , Pérez-Díaz Leticia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new drugs against Chagas’ disease. In addition, the mechanisms of action of existing drugs have not been completely worked out at the molecular level. High throughput approaches have been demonstrated to be powerful tools not only for understanding the basic biology of Trypanosoma cruzi, but also for the identification of drug targets such as proteins or pathways that are essential for parasite infection and survival within the mammalian host. Here, we have applied these tools towards the discovery of the effects of two organometallic compounds with trypanocidal activity, Pd–dppf–mpo and Pt–dppf–mpo, on the transcriptome and proteome of T. cruzi epimastigotes. These approaches have not yet been reported for any other prospective metal-based anti T. cruzi drug. We found differentially expressed transcripts and proteins in treated parasites. Pd–dppf–mpo treatment resulted in more modulated transcripts (2327 of 10 785 identified transcripts) than Pt–dppf–mpo treatment (201 of 10 773 identified transcripts) suggesting a mechanism of action for Pd–dppf–mpo at the transcriptome level. Similar numbers of differentially expressed proteins (342 and 411 for Pd–dppf–mpo and Pt–dppf–mpo respectively) were also observed. We further functionally categorized differentially expressed transcripts and identified cellular processes and pathways significantly impacted by treatment with the compounds. Transcripts involved in DNA binding, protein metabolism, transmembrane transport, oxidative defense, and the ergosterol pathways were found to be modulated by the presence of the compounds. Our transcriptomic dataset also contained previously validated essential genes. These data allowed us to hypothesize a multimodal mechanism of action for the trypanocidal activity of Pd–dppf–mpo and Pt–dppf–mpo, and a differential contribution of the metal moiety of each compound.
Correction: Bis(ethylmaltolato)oxidovanadium(iv) inhibited the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease in triple transgenic model mice
Authors: He Zhijun , Han Shuangxue , Wu Chong , Liu Lina , Zhu Huazhang , Liu Ang , Lu Qiying , Huang Jingqiang , Du Xiubo , Li Nan , Xie Qingguo , Wan Lu , Ni Jiazuan , Chen Lingling , Yang Xiaogai , Liu Qiong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Correction for ‘Bis(ethylmaltolato)oxidovanadium(iv) inhibited the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease in triple transgenic model mice’ by Zhijun He et al., Metallomics, 2020, DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00271e.
Econometric model for forecasting oil production in OECD member states
Authors: Rădulescu Carmen Valentina , Bodislav Dumitru Alexandru , Burlacu Sorin , Bran Florina , Karimova Lyaman 
Published: March 2020

In this article we present an econometric model of oil production forecast at OECD member level that will allow decision makers but also other oil product stakeholders to be responsible for oil production in OECD member states. This responsibility can be perceived from several perspectives: economic, social, environmental, political, military etc.
In order to be able to find the ideal formula for our calculation, we went through the specialized literature and brought elements of analysis during the research through several econometric paths traveled by other researchers and who provided us with support for our research. Before proceeding technically, in order to understand the urgency of this approach and of this study, we also discussed how oil and natural gas are explored, exploited and extracted from the underground deposits.
We considered that the proposed model could be improved in the future so as to portray certain geopolitical or economic factors, determinants for oil production, such as embargoes, periods of armed conflict in the main extraction areas or times of financial crisis and the decline of financial markets.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease after peroral endoscopic myotomy is unpredictable, but responsive to proton pump inhibitor therapy: a large, single-center study
Authors: Nabi Zaheer , Ramchandani Mohan , Kotla Rama , Tandan Manu , Goud Rajesh , Darisetty Santosh , Rao G. Venkat , Reddy D. Nageshwar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is an important concern after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). However, there are limited data on the risk factors for post-POEM GERD and its responsiveness to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). In this study, we aimed to analyze the variables affecting the occurrence of GERD and its response to PPI therapy.
Methods Consecutive patients with idiopathic achalasia who underwent POEM (December 2016 to January 2018) were evaluated for GERD using 24-hour pH impedance, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), and symptoms. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the variables affecting the incidence of post-POEM GERD.
Results A total of 209 patients with esophageal motility disorders, including 194 patients with non-sigmoid achalasia, underwent POEM during the study period. Comprehensive evaluation of GERD was completed on 167 patients (86.1 %): 47.3 % women with a mean (standard deviation) age of 41 (14.42) years and body mass index of 22.2 (3.89) kg/m2; the majority (70.7 %) were treatment naïve. A high DeMeester score (> 14.72), reflux esophagitis, and symptomatic GERD were identified in 47.9 %, 41.9 %, and 29.3 % of patients, respectively. On logistic regression analysis, type of achalasia, technique of POEM (anterior vs. posterior), pre- or post-POEM esophageal manometry variables, and patient characteristics were not associated with post-POEM GERD. Erosive esophagitis responded to PPI therapy in the majority of patients (81.4 %).
Conclusion The incidence of GERD is high after POEM. Most of the reflux esophagitis is mild and responsive to PPI therapy. There are no procedural or patient-related variables that appear to affect the incidence of post-POEM GERD.
Effect of Degree of Arterial Inflow on a Functioning Free Muscle Transplantation in a Rat Gracilis Model
Authors: Sakarya Ahmet Hamdi , Do Nicholas Thu Khoa , Huang Yen-Lin , Lu Johnny Chuieng-Yi , Chang Tommy Nai-Jen , Chuang David Chwei-Chin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Various surgical effects have previously been studied in an attempt to improve the functional outcome of the functioning free muscle transplantation (FFMT). However, the effect of the recipient arterial inflow on the FFMT has remained uninvestigated. This study was to investigate whether or not high flow versus low flow will affect the functional outcome of FFMT.
Methods Rat's left gracilis FFMT model was devised and the nutrient arterial inflow was modified. Twenty-four Lewis rats were divided evenly into relatively high (0.071 mL/min) and relatively low (0.031 mL/min) blood flow groups (p < 0.001). The unoperated right sides served as the controls. Cases resulting in poor function were additionally grouped as functional failure group for comparison. Regular swimming exercise was implemented at 1 month postoperatively for 3 months. Gracilis muscle functions were then evaluated.
Results Compared groups were: control (n = 13), low blood flow (n = 10), high blood flow (n = 8), and functional failure (n = 5). The control group showed superior functional results over the experimental groups (p < 0.0001). In the experimental group, successful group showed superior over the poor function group (p < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference between the high- and low-flow groups.
Conclusion This is the first study to evaluate the effect of arterial inflow on the FFMT. The rate of blood flow (relatively high vs. low) has little effect on the functional outcome of transferred muscle. Survival of FFMT is the major concern while performing FFMT surgery. Arterial inflow while choosing the recipient artery is not the factor for consideration.
Perinatal Outcomes with Longer Second Stage of Labor: A Risk Analysis Comparing Expectant Management to Operative Intervention
Authors: Ausbeck Elizabeth B. , Jennings Sara F. , Champion Macie , Gray Meredith , Blanchard Christina , Tita Alan T. , Harper Lorie M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to assess the impact of a prolonged second stage of labor on maternal and neonatal outcomes by comparing women who had expectant management versus operative intervention beyond specified timeframes in the second stage of labor.
Study Design Retrospective cohort including live singletons at ≥36 weeks who reached the second stage of labor. Expectant management (second stage >3, 2, 2, and 1 hour in nulliparas with an epidural, nulliparas without an epidural, multiparas with an epidural, and multiparas without an epidural, respectively) was compared with those who had an operative delivery (vaginal or cesarean) prior to these timeframes. The primary maternal outcome was a composite of postpartum hemorrhage, chorioamnionitis, operative complications, postpartum infections, and intensive care unit admission. The primary neonatal outcome was a composite of cord blood acidemia, 5-minute Apgar's score <5, chest compressions or intubation at birth, sepsis, seizures, birth injury, death, transfer to a long-term care facility, and respiratory support for >1 day.
Results Among 218 women, 115 (52.8%) had expectant management. Expectant management was associated with a significantly increased risk of the maternal composite (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–3.64) but not the neonatal composite (aOR: 1.54, 95% CI: 0.71–3.35).
Conclusion Expectant management of a prolonged second stage was associated with a higher rate of adverse maternal outcomes, but the rate of adverse neonatal outcomes was not significantly increased.
Introduced herbivores restore Late Pleistocene ecological functions
Authors: Lundgren Erick J. , Ramp Daniel , Rowan John , Middleton Owen , Schowanek Simon D. , Sanisidro Oscar , Carroll Scott P. , Davis Matt , Sandom Christopher J. , Svenning Jens-Christian , Wallach Arian D. 
Published: March 2020

Significance
Humans have caused extinctions of large-bodied mammalian herbivores over the past ∼100,000 y, leading to cascading changes in ecosystems. Conversely, introductions of herbivores have, in part, numerically compensated for extinction losses. However, the net outcome of the twin anthropogenic forces of extinction and introduction on herbivore assemblages has remained unknown. We found that a primary outcome of introductions has been the reintroduction of key ecological functions, making herbivore assemblages with nonnative species more similar to preextinction ones than native-only assemblages are. Our findings support calls for renewed research on introduced herbivore ecologies in light of paleoecological change and suggest that shifting focus from eradication to landscape and predator protection may have broader biodiversity benefits.
Mesoscale bicontinuous networks in self-healing hydrogels delay fatigue fracture
Authors: Li Xueyu , Cui Kunpeng , Sun Tao Lin , Meng Lingpu , Yu Chengtao , Li Liangbin , Creton Costantino , Kurokawa Takayuki , Gong Jian Ping 
Published: March 2020

Significance
Muscles, composed of exquisite hierarchical structures, exhibit high fatigue resistance and can resist crack propagation even after injury. The mechanism of the hierarchical structures on suppressing crack advance under reciprocating movement is poorly understood. Tough and self-healing hydrogels are good candidates as simplified model systems for studying the mechanical behaviors of load-bearing biotissues. Here, we report that polyampholyte hydrogels, having a hierarchical structure, demonstrate high fatigue resistance through a synergistic effect between different scales. Such an antifatigue mechanism based on hierarchical structure not only gives important hints to understand fatigue-resistant behavior of biotissues with complex hierarchical structures, but also provides design strategy for tough and fatigue-resistant hydrogels, by forming multiscale network structures using noncovalent bonds as building blocks.
A combination of two human monoclonal antibodies limits fetal damage by Zika virus in macaques
Authors: Van Rompay Koen K. A. , Coffey Lark L. , Kapoor Tania , Gazumyan Anna , Keesler Rebekah I. , Jurado Andrea , Peace Avery , Agudelo Marianna , Watanabe Jennifer , Usachenko Jodie , Singapuri Anil , Immareddy Ramya , Ardeshir Amir , Stuart Jackson B. , Bournazos Stylianos , Ravetch Jeffrey V. , Balderes Paul J. , Lorenz Ivo C. , Esswein Shannon R. , Keeffe Jennifer R. , Bjorkman Pamela J. , Wang Qiao , Rice Charles M. , MacDonald Margaret R. , Nussenzweig Michel C. , Robbiani Davide F. 
Published: March 2020

Significance
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy can cause fetal abnormalities. Vaccines against ZIKV are under development, but because of potential safety concerns due to disease-enhancing antibodies, and the time required by active immunization to induce protective antibodies, there is a need to explore alternative strategies. Recombinant monoclonal antibodies can be modified to prevent enhancement of infection, and thus could be an efficacious and safe alternative to vaccines to confer rapid protection. We show that prophylactic administration of two engineered antibodies, Z004 and Z021, to pregnant macaques partially protects against fetal neurologic damage and limits vertical transmission of ZIKV.