bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resting Electrocardiogram and Blood Pressure in Young Endurance and Nonendurance Athletes and Nonathletes
Authors: Pentikäinen Heikki , Toivo Kerttu , Kokko Sami , Alanko Lauri , Heinonen Olli J. , Korpelainen Raija , Selänne Harri , Vasankari Tommi , Kujala Urho M. , Villberg Jari , Parkkari Jari , Savonen Kai 
Published: November 2020

Context
Much information is available on electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) changes in senior athletes. However, corresponding data on adolescent athletes are scarce.

Objective
To study the differences in resting ECG and BP values among adolescent endurance athletes, nonendurance athletes, and nonathletes.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
A total of 154 youth sports clubs in Finland and 100 secondary schools for comparison data.

Patients or Other Participants
We recruited young athletes (n = 410) aged 14 to 16 years in 10 popular sport disciplines, including winter and summer as well as team and individual sports, and categorized them as endurance or nonendurance sports. Comparison data for age-matched, non–sports club participants (n = 164) were collected via secondary schools.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Resting ECG, including heart rate, PR interval, QRS duration, QRS axis, QRS amplitude, T axis, and QT interval as well as systolic and diastolic BPs.

Results
No differences in any ECG variable of interest were found between the endurance and nonendurance athletes. The PR interval was longer in endurance athletes than in nonathletes (P = .05). The QRS amplitude (P = .03) was higher among nonendurance athletes than among nonathletes. Diastolic BP was lower among endurance (P = .002) and nonendurance (P = .02) athletes than among nonathletes. Endurance athletes (odds ratio [OR] = 2.85; 95% CI = 1.81, 4.50) and nonendurance athletes (OR = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.43, 3.35) were more likely to have sinus bradycardia than were nonathletes. Nonendurance athletes were more likely to have elevated systolic BP than were endurance athletes (OR = 1.70; 95% CI = 1.07, 2.72) and nonathletes (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.04, 2.87).

Conclusions
Young athletes had similar ECG and BP findings independent of their sports. Physiological adaptations including sinus bradycardia, higher QRS amplitude, and lower diastolic BP, which are commonly seen in adult athletes, were also present in adolescent athletes.
Bärbel Beinhauer-Köhler, Mirko Roth & Bernadette Schwarz-Boenneke (Hg.): Viele Religionen—ein Raum?! Analysen, Diskussionen und Konzepte
Authors: Weiß Sabrina 
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review of:Bärbel Beinhauer-Köhler, Mirko Roth & Bernadette Schwarz-Boenneke (Hg.): Viele Religionen—ein Raum?! Analysen, Diskussionen und Konzepte. Berlin: Frank & Timme, 2015. 240 pages, € 24,80, ISBN 978-3-7329-0065-7 (flexcover).
Regina Grundmann & Assad Elias Kattan (Hgg.): Jenseits der Tradition? Tradition und Traditionskritik in Judentum, Christentum und Islam
Authors: Hasselhoff Görge K. 
Published: November 2020

This contribution offers a review ofRegina Grundmann & Assad Elias Kattan (Hgg.): Jenseits der Tradition? Tradition und Traditionskritik in Judentum, Christentum und Islam.Boston/Berlin/München: De Gruyter, 2015.VII + 264 pages, € [D] 89.95, ISBN 978-1-61451-539-5.
Between the Altar and the Pulpit: The (New?) Materiality of the Spiritual
Authors: Esser Raingard , Strübind Andrea 
Published: November 2020

The special issue is based on papers presented at the international conference “Zwischen Kanzel und Altar. Die (neue) Materialität des Spirituellen” held at the Johannes a Lasco Bibliothek, Emden in April 2016. Continuity and change in church interiors were key concepts addressed at the conference. The studies presented here analyse the impact of confessional change on church interiors and intentionally move away from the cathedrals and parish churches in the political and religious centres of early modern Europe.
Presenting the Law: Text and Imagery on Dutch Ten Commandments Panels
Authors: Wubs Jacolien 
Published: November 2020

Many Dutch Calvinist churches house a Ten Commandments panel, installed in the late sixteenth or seventeenth century as part of the Reformed adaptation of the medieval Catholic church interior. In this article, the characteristic design of Ten Commandments panels is analyzed as a form of Calvinist visual culture. It suggests that these panels were primarilymade to be viewed rather than thoroughly read. The remarkably figurative Moses imagery on panels points at a divergence between the rigid Reformed theological image prohibition and the practice of the adaptation of the church interior. The placement of Ten Commandments panels in the Reformed church interior highlights their symbolic value: It signified the need for self-examination of the participants in the Lord’s Supper. The original spatial setting of Ten Commandments panels also shows how the newly Reformed furnishing and use of church space was rooted in its late medieval Catholic past.
On the Security of Sponge-type Authenticated Encryption Modes
Authors: Chakraborty Bishwajit , Jha Ashwin , Nandi Mridul 
Published: November 2020

The sponge duplex is a popular mode of operation for constructing authenticated encryption schemes. In fact, one can assess the popularity of this mode from the fact that around 25 out of the 56 round 1 submissions to the ongoing NIST lightweight cryptography (LwC) standardization process are based on this mode. Among these, 14 sponge-type constructions are selected for the second round consisting of 32 submissions. In this paper, we generalize the duplexing interface of the duplex mode, which we call Transform-then-Permute. It encompasses Beetle as well as a new sponge-type mode SpoC (both are round 2 submissions to NIST LwC). We show a tight security bound for Transform-then-Permute based on b-bit permutation, which reduces to finding an exact estimation of the expected number of multi-chains (defined in this paper). As a corollary of our general result, authenticated encryption advantage of Beetle and SpoC is about T(D+r2r)/2b where T, D and r denotes the number of offline queries (related to time complexity of the attack), number of construction queries (related to data complexity) and rate of the construction (related to efficiency). Previously the same bound has been proved for Beetle under the limitation that T << min{2r, 2b/2} (that compels to choose larger permutation with higher rate). In the context of NIST LwC requirement, SpoC based on 192-bit permutation achieves the desired security with 64-bit rate, which is not achieved by either duplex or Beetle (as per the previous analysis).
Depuração dos sentidos e ascese no Livro VI do Diálogo sobre a música de Santo Agostinho
Authors: Silva Nilo César Batista 
Published: November 2020

RESUMO: o artigo visa propor uma breve reflexão sobre a doutrina das sensações em Santo Agostinho, a partir do Diálogo sobre a música (387-391). O De musicaé considerado um grande projeto agostiniano no âmbito das artes liberais resultante de seu magistério de retórica durante sua estadia em Milão. Nele podemos identificar elementos importantes para se pensar uma ‘estética’ agostiniana, com bases nas estruturas mentis neoplatónicas, cujo enfoque maior se dá no carácter ascensional da alma e seus sentidos. Na concepção neoplatónica assumida por Agostinho, através da impressão sensorial produzida nos órgãos corpóreos, a alma vê o rastro das formas inteligíveis, neste âmbito a própria sensação, como escreve Agostinho, nos conduz para a contemplação do inteligível. E assim, ao modo como a sensação se produz na alma, Plotino também interpreta como atividade da alma, a memória, os sentimentos, as paixões, as volições, e tudo que a ele se liga. As nossas anáises centralizam-se somente no livro sexto, onde Agostinho fixa a sua exegese no itinerário da alma a Deus, numa gradual ascensão que parte desde a educação dos sentidos, isto é, a audição, a visão, perpassa a conversão do olhar até alcançar a trancendentalização perceptivo-sensorial, demonstrando que os movimentos da alma estão em analogia às harmonias e ritmos da música. De acordo com Agostinho, os ritmos da sensação são realizados pela memória porque mesmo no silêncio e sobretudo no sono recordo as paixões da alma no corpo como se a alma estivesse em plena atividade resistindo ou consentindo as paixões do corpo. Palavras Chaves: Agostinho. Sensações. Neoplatonismo. Musica. Deus
Is it possible to predict atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta by the patient’s lipid panel?
Authors: Haberal İsmail , Ali Yesiltas Mehmet , Koyuncu Ahmet Ozan , Batur Sebnem , Ozsoy Sadiye Deniz , Yilmaz Hülya A.K. , Buge Aysim 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionAtherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory event characterized by stiffness and thickening of the vascular walls. In our daily practice, we assume the atherosclerotic potential of the patient by following the total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride levels (lipid panel). We aimed to understand the relation between the HDL, LDL, cholesterol levels and the atherosclerosis in large vascular structures such as the ascending aorta.Material and methodsWe have searched for atherosclerosis in the aortic tissue samples from 48 patients. It is a study in which we examine the correlation of preoperative cholesterol values (HDL, LDL, triglyceride, total cholesterol) by dividing the patients into two groups according to the presence of plaque.ResultsForty-three (89.6%) male and 5 (10.4%) female patients between 39 and 81 years of age were included in the study. There was no statistically significant difference between the patients’ preoperative cardiovascular risk assessments. The free T3 values were within the normal range in all patients, but there was a difference that patients in the non-atherosclerosis group had lower values. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups’ HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, or triglyceride parameters.ConclusionsAs a result, in our study, no significant difference was found between HDL-C, LDL-C, triglyceride, total cholesterol values and the pathological process of aortic atherosclerosis. As a result of this study, we believe that it was necessary to correct the error margins of these parameters. In addition, it required the need for a clearer laboratory parameter to demonstrate atherosclerosis.
Is it time to change the goals of lipid management in type 1 diabetes mellitus? Changes in apolipoprotein levels during the first year of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Prospective InLipoDiab1 study
Authors: Cieluch Aleksandra , Uruska Aleksandra , Nowicki Marcin , Wysocka Ewa , Niedźwiecki Paweł , Grzelka-Woźniak Agata , Flotyńska Justyna , Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz Dorota 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionApolipoprotein complement is a critical determinant of lipoprotein function and metabolism. The relation between exogenous insulin and apolipoproteins (apos) in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not yet been studied extensively. The aim of this study was to prospectively observe the changes in serum apos AI (apo AI) and AII (apo AII) in patients with newly diagnosed T1DM and their association with the daily insulin requirement.Material and methodsThirty-four participants of the InLipoDiab1 study aged 26 (IQR: 22–32) were enrolled in this analysis. Apolipoprotein AI and AII concentrations were assessed at diagnosis and at follow-up after 3 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year of insulin treatment. The daily dose of insulin (DDI) was calculated as the amount of short- and long-acting insulin at discharge from the hospital and at follow-up visits.ResultsThe changes in apo AI concentration were observed after 3 weeks of insulin treatment (p = 0.04), with the largest increase between 3 weeks and 6 months of observation (p < 0.001). Apolipoprotein AII level did not change significantly after 3 weeks, while a significant increase was observed between 3 weeks and 6 months of treatment (p < 0.001). The correlations between DDI and apo concentration were not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn the first year of T1DM, there is a significant increase in apos concentration. Due to the significant deviation of apos concentration from accepted norms, changes in the recommendations of lipid control criteria in T1DM may be considered.
Comparison of clinical characteristics, treatment, in-hospital and 12-month outcomes in patients after myocardial infarction with ejection
fraction < 40% with or without atrial fibrillation
Authors: Trzeciak Przemysław , Sierpiński Radosław , Niedziela Jacek , Wojakowski Wojciech , Gierlotka Marek , Gąsior Mariusz , Kalarus Zbigniew 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionThe study aimed to compare the characteristics, treatment, and 12-month outcomes of patients after myocardial infarction (MI) and with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40%, with or without atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and methodsThe analysis involved 10,222 surviving patients who were enrolled in the ongoing, prospective Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes (PL-ACS). The major adverse cardiac events (MACE) involved death, non-fatal MI, rehospitalization due to heart failure (HF), and stroke within 12 months after MI.ResultsPatients with AF were older (73.7 [13.1] vs. 68.3 [16.4], p < 0.001) and had a greater prevalence of previous MI (37.3% vs. 32.4%, p = 0.0007), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (27.5% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.002), and HF hospitalization (34.6% vs. 19.7%, p < 0.001). In patients with AF, coronary angiography (87.3% vs. 92.5%, p < 0.001) and PCI (76.8% vs. 82.7%, p < 0.001) were performed less frequently. Patients with AF had a higher rate of all-cause mortality (26.8% vs. 17.4%, p < 0.001), HF hospitalization (35.0% vs. 25.3%, p < 0.001), stroke (5.5% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.001) and MACE (56.2% vs. 42.8%, p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, AF was revealed to be associated with a higher all-cause mortality (odds ratio 1.20, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.40, p = 0.018).ConclusionsPatients after MI with LVEF < 40% and with AF, compared to those without AF, had worse clinical characteristics, were less frequently subjected to coronary angiography and PCI during hospitalization, and had significantly less favorable 12-month outcomes.
The proposal of an adapted pre-exercise screening tool for the recruitment of the elderly in research with resistance training
Authors: Saraiva Bruno , Nascimento Dahan da Cuhna , Sousa Neto Ivo Vieira de , Valduga Renato , Lima Adamor da Silva , Willardson Jeffrey M. , Prestes Jonato , Pereira Guilherme Borges 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose was to investigate an adapted pre-exercise screening tool to evaluate musculoskeletal injury in elderly
women before starting a resistance training (RT) program, and to verify whether the tool could detect subjects not eligible
for RT research on the basis of the RT program injury rateMethodsOverall, 74 subjects participated in an orthopaedic evaluation by a certified physical therapist. History was taken
of injury, dysfunction and related musculoskeletal diseases, surgeries, fractures, and falls. A series of tests was applied to
identify potential risks and injuries.ResultsOwing to history of falls and fractures and poor mobility and performance in physical function tests, 14 patients
were excluded. The most common deficits were: rotator cuff tendinopathy (<i>n</i> = 2), knee osteoarthritis (<i>n</i> = 3), both rotator
cuff tendinopathy and knee osteoarthritis (<i>n</i> = 3), lumbar discopathy (<i>n</i> = 2), cervicalgia (<i>n</i> = 1), back pain sciatica (<i>n</i> = 1),
rotator cuff injury (<i>n</i> = 1), wrist and knee pain (<i>n</i> = 1). The main joints affected were: knees (<i>n</i> = 7), shoulders (<i>n</i> = 6), lumbar
spine (<i>n</i> = 5), thoracic spine (<i>n</i> = 1), and cervical spine (<i>n</i> = 2). Overall, 60 elderly women started the RT program, while 39 had
an adherence of > 90%.ConclusionsThe adapted tool was effective in recruiting subjects, who had a lower injury rate during RT. It helped to identify
musculoskeletal dysfunction and improved safety and adherence outcomes in elderly women.
Evaluation of changes in adipocytokine concentrations and correlation between adipocytokines and body fat percentage after endurance training in obese girls
Authors: Tartibian Bakhtyar , Kushkestani Mehdi 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to evaluate changes in adipocytokine concentrations and the correlation between
adipocytokines and body fat percentage after endurance training in obese girlsMethodsThis was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, in which 19 overweight girls aged 8–12
years were randomly selected. Anthropometric and blood indices were assessed before and after the intervention.ResultsThe average leptin level (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and fat percentage (<i>p</i> = 0.002) were significantly reduced after 12 weeks of
moderate-intensity endurance training, whereas the average adiponectin levels (<i>p</i> = 0.012) were significantly increased.
There was a reverse correlation between adiponectin levels and BMI (<i>p</i> = 0.018), body fat percentage (<i>p</i> = 0.015), and leptin
concentrations (<i>p</i> = 0.025).ConclusionsConsidering the adipocytokine improvement and body fat percentage reduction observed in this study, one
can state that moderate-intensity endurance training has a role in the prevention of obesity-related diseases such as metabolic
and cardiovascular disease
Impact of strain-counterstrain on treatment of acute nonspecific low back pain: a single-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Koura Ghada , Hamada Hamada Ahmed , Mohamed Yassmin Essam , Balbaa Alaa A. , El-Nassag Bassam A. , Baghdadi Ahmed R.Z. 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe study was to assess the effectiveness of strain-counterstrain (SCS) techniques, after treatment and after a 6-week
follow-up, on pain, range of motion (ROM), and disability in patients with acute nonspecific low back pain with mobility deficits.MethodsSCS techniques (group A) and 42 (group B, control group) were advised to be active. The pressure pain threshold
(PPT), lumbar flexion ROM, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used for assessment. All patients were assessed before
treatment, after treatment, and after a 6-week follow-up. The treatment program was applied for 2 weeks, 2 sessions per week.ResultsStatistical analysis revealed that there were significant increases in PPT on both sides of L5 and lumbar flexion ROM.
In addition, a significant reduction in ODI scores was observed (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the pre- vs. post-treatment evaluation, in the
pre-treatment vs. post-6-week evaluation, and in the post-treatment vs. post-6-week evaluation with regard to both groups.
As for between-group effects, multiple pairwise comparisons revealed significant increases in PPT on both sides of L5 and
lumbar flexion ROM, in addition to a significant reduction in ODI scores (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in favour of group A as compared with
group B after treatment and after the 6-week follow-up.ConclusionsSCS is preferable to be advised in the treatment of acute nonspecific low back pain with mobility deficits.
Consumerism at work and its relationship to employees’ personal goals, self-concept clarity, well-being and growth mindset
Authors: Godlewska-Werner Dorota , Mąkinia Aleksandra , Zawadzka Anna Maria , Falkowska Paulina 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundConsumerism at work is a new concept. It is linked to materialism and consumption experience, which is why its relations with people’s well-being, self-concept clarity, life aspirations and growth mindset are not obvious. The phenomenon can be manifested as obtaining documents confirming acquired qualifications and profes-sional experience by frequent changes of workplace not motivated by a real need, but rather a desire of collect-ing. Consumerism at work consists of three dimensions: external attestation of competence, orientation to-wards self-improvement and exploratory orientation, which are related to extrinsic motivation. It is a phenomenon observed contemporarily and may be attributable to changes in the labor market.Participants and procedureThe aim of the article is to explore consumerism at work and to examine the relationship between the phenom-enon, employees’ personal goals, self-concept clarity, well-being and growth mindset. For that purpose, two studies were conducted among employees using a paper-pencil survey. There were 206 participants in the first study and 91 in the second one. In the new method, the Consumerism at Work Scale, the Aspirations Index, the Self-Concept Clarity Scale, the Growth Mindset Questionnaire and Ultra-Short Scales for measuring subjective well-being were used.ResultsThe study results show that consumerism at work is negatively related to self-concept clarity and positively re-lated to extrinsic goals. Nonetheless, there are no relations between consumerism at work, well-being and a growth mindset.ConclusionsIt can be concluded that consumerism at work is a negative phenomenon in the context of employee’s self-concept clarity, and that it is associated with materialistic goals, while it is not related to growth mindset and well-being.
Friedrich Nietzsche Explains the Popularity of Our Town
Authors: Bunge Nancy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article argues that juxtaposing Friedrich Nietzsche's The Birth of Tragedy with Thornton Wilder's Our Town reveals the depth of Wilder's artistry. According to Nietzsche's theories, Wilder's emphasis on the play's artificiality invites the audience to participate in its creation. Wilder's use of familiar characters, language, and situations further encourages their involvement. Once he has their attention, he nudges them toward a realization of daily life's often unacknowledged resonance. This sets Wilder's play apart from modern drama's fascination with psychiatric dysfunction, a trend Nietzsche traces to Greek tragedy's corruption by the plays of Euripides. Ironically, Nietzsche and Wilder prefer drama that leaves audiences with an enhanced view of their lives' possibilities by reminding them of death.
Teaching Our Town Through a Dramaturgical Lens
Authors: Raven Ashley 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article establishes the dramaturgical process as a means of teaching dramatic content in the secondary classroom with a specific focus on Thornton Wilder's Our Town as the core text. By utilizing a problem-based approach, students work through the dramaturgical process while reading and analyzing the play. Facets of the dramaturgical process are facilitated by students' use of self-scheduled activities and digital resources including a unit website to research past performances of the play, analyze primary sources, and make contemporary connections. The end goal of the unit is for students to create their own dramatic content.