bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation stability in fish spermatozoa upon external constraint: Impact of fish hormonal stimulation and sperm cryopreservation
Authors: Depincé Alexandra , Gabory Anne , Dziewulska Katarzyna , Le Bail Pierre‐Yves , Jammes Hélène , Labbé Catherine 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHighly differentiated mature spermatozoa carry not only genetic but also epigenetic information that is to be transmitted to the embryo. DNA methylation is one epigenetic actor associated with sperm nucleus compaction, gene silencing, and prepatterning of embryonic gene expression. Therefore, the stability of this mark toward reproductive biotechnologies is a major issue in animal production. The present work explored the impact of hormonal induction of spermiation and sperm cryopreservation in two cyprinids, the goldfish (Carassius auratus) and the zebrafish (Danio rerio), using LUminometric Methylation Assay (LUMA). We showed that while goldfish hormonal treatment did increase sperm production, it did not alter global DNA methylation of spermatozoa. Different sperm samples repeatedly collected from the same males for 2 months also showed the same global DNA methylation level. Similarly, global DNA methylation was not affected after cryopreservation of goldfish spermatozoa with methanol, whereas less efficient cryoprotectants (dimethylsulfoxide and 1,2‐propanediol) decreased DNA methylation. In contrast, cryopreservation of zebrafish spermatozoa with methanol induced a slight, but significant, increase in global DNA methylation. In the less compact nuclei, that is, goldfish fin somatic cells, cryopreservation did not change global DNA methylation regardless of the choice of cryoprotectant. To conclude, global DNA methylation is a robust parameter with respect to biotechnologies such as hormonal induction of spermiation and sperm cryopreservation, but it can be altered when the best sperm manipulation conditions are not met.
Ejidos/Comunidades
Authors: Torres‐Mazuera Gabriela 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOver the course of their existence, peasant cooperatives known as ejidos and comunidades have significantly reconfigured the property relations, landscapes, and settlements of rural Mexico. These cooperatives remain relevant today, even though most of Mexico's rural population now makes its living from activities other than agriculture. New uses, meanings, and values have attached themselves to the deagrarianized lands. Perhaps the most innovative resignification has been promoted by inhabitants who resist land commodification through a discourse of rights to Indigenous territory.
From Green to Green: The Environmentalization of Agriculture
Authors: Cattelino Jessica R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis essay analyzes an important but understudied trend in rural America: the repurposing of agricultural lands and waters for the purposes of environmental conservation and ecological restoration. As shown by ethnographic research in a mostly‐drained agricultural region of the Florida Everglades, which is centered on the proposed buyout of a large agricultural corporation for restoration purposes, this transformation is as much a social and cultural project as it is a political‐economic one. The environmentalization of agriculture is a rural American story that is only beginning to be told.
Fences: Technologies, Boundaries, and Making Change
Authors: Rissing Andrea 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhen fences arrive to divide landscapes, they often serve as mechanisms of control. This ethnographic essay considers the boundaries delineating the new alternative agricultures of the Corn Belt to rethink the implications of fencing. In a context of grain monocultures, the moveable fencing of rotational grazing, the walls of high tunnels, and the buffers required around organic fields introduce edges into homogeneity. These edges prove fertile sites of both ecological and social interactions. Alternative farmers raising pastured livestock or organic vegetables increase cultivated species diversity within their counties, but the effects of their operations may be better understood by considering how the new edges between their operations and their neighbors can foster unexpected ideas and exchanges.
Sweet Knoll
Authors: Dudley Kathryn M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRurality in the Anthropocene is a tactical mode of existence in imperiled ecologies. Neither a strategic enterprise nor an identity politics, it is rooted in geopolitical histories and a congeries of feral ontologies: ways of being, communicating, and understanding in multispecies worlds that are rife with conflict, struggles for survival, and unexpected moments of grace. As a relational construct, rurality indexes the intersubjective copresence of more‐than‐human beings who materially and affectively sustain futurity in landscapes ravaged by extractive industries and climate change. This essay, based on interviews with public land ranchers in Oregon, conjures rurality as an ethnographic encounter in three registers involving wild horses, small‐scale ranchers, and a bewitched anthropologist.
A Farm Kid Paradox
Authors: Bendixsen Casper 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChildren are commonly and often fatally injured in agricultural settings that include family farms, constituting fully half of all working youth fatalities in the United States. Yet certain aspects of farm life that expose children to harm are also linked to positive health outcomes, a phenomenon that this essay terms “the farm kid paradox.” It reviews applied anthropological research on the differential intertwining of health and hazard, and reflects on the role of the anthropologist as a broker of facts and concepts between diverse stakeholders and farm environments.
Weight Loss Results in Increased Expression of Anti‐Inflammatory Protein CRISPLD2 in Mouse Adipose Tissue
Authors: Jackson Robert M. , Griesel Beth A. , Short Kevin R. , Sparling David , Freeman Willard M. , Olson Ann Louise 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveObesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas weight loss is associated with improved health outcomes. It is therefore important to learn how adipose contraction during weight loss contributes to improved health. It was hypothesized that adipose tissue undergoing weight loss would have a unique transcriptomic profile, expressing specific genes that might improve health.MethodsThis study conducted an RNA‐sequencing analysis of the epididymal adipose tissue of mice fed either a high‐fat diet (HFD) or a regular rodent chow diet (RD) ad libitum for 10 weeks versus a cohort of mice fed HFD for the first 5 weeks before being swapped to an RD for the remainder of the study (swapped diet [SWAP]).ResultsThe swapped diet resulted in weight loss, with a parallel improvement in insulin sensitivity. RNA sequencing revealed several transcriptomic signatures distinct to adipose tissue in SWAP mice, distinguished from both RD and HFD adipose tissue. The analysis found a unique upregulated mRNA that encodes a secreted lipopolysaccharide‐binding glycoprotein (CRISPLD2) in adipose tissue. Whereas cellular CRISPLD2 protein levels were unchanged, plasma CRIPSLD2 levels increased in SWAP mice following weight loss and could correlate with insulin sensitivity.ConclusionsTaken together, these data demonstrate that CRISPLD2 is a circulating adipokine that may regulate adipocyte remodeling during weight loss.
Fibonacci wavelets and their applications for solving two classes of time‐varying delay problems
Authors: Sabermahani Sedigheh , Ordokhani Yadollah , Yousefi Sohrab‐Ali 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn this paper, a numerical method for solving time‐varying delay equations and optimal control problems with time‐varying delay systems is discussed. This method is based upon Fibonacci wavelets and Petrov‐Galerkin method. To solve these problems, first, the Fibonacci wavelets are presented. With the aid of operational matrices of integration and delay for Fibonacci wavelets and using Petrov‐Galerkin method and Newton's iterative method, we solve two classes of time‐varying delay problems, numerically. The approximate solutions achieved by this method satisfy all the initial conditions. In addition, an estimation of the error is given. Numerical results are included to demonstrate the accuracy and applicability of the present technique.
Estimation of dynamic thermo viscoelastic moduli of short fiber‐reinforced polymers based on a micromechanical model considering interphases/interfaces conditions
Authors: Yang Yang , He Qi , Rao Yan‐Ni , Dai Hong‐Liang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA novel three‐dimensional micromechanical model describing frequency‐ and temperature‐dependent viscoelastic behavior of short fiber‐reinforced polymers (SFRPs) with graded interphase and slightly weakened interfaces are established. Elastic‐viscoelastic correspondence approach, time‐temperature superposition principle and Rao and Dai's (Compos. Struct. 2017; 168: 440) modification on the calculation of interface damage tensors are applied for dynamic thermo viscoelasticity prediction of the composite with the consideration of interphase/interface conditions. Certain parameters like filler content, interphase property, the aspect ratio of inclusions, frequency, and temperature were thoroughly analyzed to see their effect on the dynamic behavior of unidirectional SFRPs. Some valuable conclusions are made, which constitutes a valuable contribution to the theoretical prediction of SFRPs' mechanical properties.
Methylcellulose fibrils: a mini review
Authors: Morozova Svetlana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis review covers the recently discovered methylcellulose (MC) fibrils and their impact on MC thermogelation and overall gel strength. The thermogelation of MC aqueous solutions has been studied for nearly 100 years, but it has only recently been attributed to fibril formation at elevated temperatures. The assembly of a fibrillar network explains the general features of MC gels: the unusually high modulus, the turbidity, and the nonlinear rheological behavior at high strains. Recent scattering, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo‐TEM) experimental efforts have led to critical discoveries about the fibril structure. MC fibrils are 60% water by volume when in solution. The length of the fibrils, especially for shorter chains, is closely correlated with the MC chain contour length. On the other hand, the fibril radius does not depend on the temperature, molecular weight or concentration of MC chains but does seem to be correlated with chain stiffness. The discovery of MC fibrils represents a significant departure from the entanglement of polymer chains and localized phase separation based physical model of MC gelation, opens new questions about the mechanism of fibril formation and presents new pathways for stimulus responsive material design. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
A perspective on polyoxometalates as versatile synthons for precisely hybridized polymer materials
Authors: Li Haolong , Wu Lixin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe summarize the emerging advances of polyoxometalate (POM)–polymer hybrid materials in the last decade and chart the future possibilities in this field. The discussion is mainly focused on two critical roles of POMs: the structural synthon for fabricating well‐defined macromolecular architectures, and the functional synthon for advanced hybrid polymer materials in energy‐ and health‐related applications. The precise structures, modular synthesis and task‐directed functional design to overcome the current societal challenges are proposed to be a developing trend in POM–polymer hybrid materials. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Psychometric properties of the triangulated version of the European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire: Prevalence across seven roles
Authors: González‐Cabrera Joaquín , Sánchez‐Álvarez Nicolás , Calvete Esther , León‐Mejía Ana , Orue Izaskun , Machimbarrena Juan M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study created a Spanish triangulated version of the European Bullying Intervention Project Questionnaire and obtained indicators of its validity and reliability. This new tool allows researchers to triangulate and flexibly investigate the three main roles in school bullying, obtaining seven potential roles (pure victim, pure bully, pure bystander, bully/victim, victim/bystander, bully/bystander, and bully/victim/bystander). The sample was 2,068 adolescents and young adults aged 11–19 years (Mage = 14.2 ± 1.48 years old; 53.8% females). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the three‐related‐factor model and adequate reliability (ω > 0.91) in all dimensions. About 28.2% of the sample reported victimization; of whom only 2.9% were pure victims, 15.1% were victim/bystanders, and 9.8% were involved in all three roles (bully/victim/bystanders). Only 0.8% played the role of a pure bully, and 0.4% were bully/victims. The most prevalent profile was that of pure bystander (30%). These results are discussed in light of their importance for the interpretation of the prevalence of traditional bullying, and their implications for bullying assessments and interventions.
Independent evaluation of Q‐Interactive: A paper equivalency comparison using the PPVT‐4 with preschoolers
Authors: Krach Shelley Kathleen , McCreery Michael P. , Dennis Lindsay , Guerard Jessika , Harris Erica L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPearson now uses a technology‐based testing platform, Q‐Interactive, to administer tests previously available in paper versions. The same norms are used for both versions; Pearson's in‐house equivalency studies indicated that both versions are equated. The goal of the current study is to independently evaluate equivalency findings. For the current study, equivalency was measured using the three‐part test set forth by American Psychological Association in 1986. First, the researchers examined rank order similarity; then, they examined mean score similarity; and finally, they examined score‐distribution similarity. One of these equivalency standards (rank order similarity) was not met, and one other standard is debatable (mean score similarity); therefore, the authors noted concerns about the use of Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition Q‐Interactive for preschoolers. New normative data should be collected.
Isothiourea‐based lewis pairs for homopolymerization and copolymerization of 2,2‐dimethyltrimethylene carbonate with ε‐caprolactone and ω‐pentadecalactone
Authors: Bai Jun‐Hua , Wang Jin‐Hua , Zhang Li‐Fang 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, the homopolymerization of 2,2‐dimethyltrimethylene carbonate (DTC) and its copolymerizations with ε‐caprolactone (CL) were carried out in detail using the isothiourea‐based Lewis pairs comprised 2,3,6,7‐tetrahydro‐5H‐thiazolo(3,2‐a)pyrimidine and magnesium halides (MgX2) with benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as the initiator. The copolymerization of DTC and CL via one‐pot addition produced randomly sequenced copolymers. On the other hand, a well‐defined linear poly(ε‐caprolactone)–block–poly(2,2‐dimethyltrimethylene carbonate) (PCL‐b‐PDTC) diblock copolymer was prepared by simple sequential ring‐opening polymerization of CL and DTC. In addition, poly(ω‐pentadecalactone)–block–PDTC diblock copolymer was successfully prepared by the same strategy. Moreover, PDTC–poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)–PDTC triblock copolymer was synthesized in the presence of PEG 2000. The effects of different polymerization conditions on the polymerization reactions have been systematically discussed. The resulting polymers were characterized by the 1H and 13C NMR spectra, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐ToF MS). The block copolyester structures were confirmed by the 13C NMR spectroscopy and DSC characterizations. These results indicated that the supposed mechanism was a dual catalytic mechanism. The proposed mechanism involved activation of the monomer via coordination to the MgX2, and the initiator alcohol was deprotonated by base. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2349–2355
Docking proteins and peptides under evolutionary constraints in Critical Assessment of PRediction of Interactions rounds 38 to 45
Authors: Nadaradjane Aravindan Arun , Quignot Chloé , Traoré Seydou , Andreani Jessica , Guerois Raphaël 
Published: November 2019

AbstractComputational structural prediction of macromolecular interactions is a fundamental tool toward the global understanding of cellular processes. The Critical Assessment of PRediction of Interactions (CAPRI) community‐wide experiment provides excellent opportunities for blind testing computational docking methods and includes original targets, thus widening the range of docking applications. Our participation in CAPRI rounds 38 to 45 enabled us to expand the way we include evolutionary information in structural predictions beyond our standard free docking InterEvDock pipeline. InterEvDock integrates a coarse‐grained potential that accounts for interface coevolution based on joint multiple sequence alignments of two protein partners (co‐alignments). However, even though such co‐alignments could be built for none of the CAPRI targets in rounds 38 to 45, including host‐pathogen and protein‐oligosaccharide complexes and a redesigned interface, we identified multiple strategies that can be used to incorporate evolutionary constraints, which helped us to identify the most likely macromolecular binding modes. These strategies include template‐based modeling where only local adjustments should be applied when query‐template sequence identity is above 30% and larger perturbations are needed below this threshold; covariation‐based structure prediction for individual protein partners; and the identification of evolutionarily conserved and structurally recurrent anchoring interface motifs. Overall, we submitted correct predictions among the top 5 models for 12 out of 19 interface challenges, including four High‐ and five Medium‐quality predictions. Our top 20 models included correct predictions for three out of the five targets we missed in the top 5, including two targets for which misleading biological data led us to downgrade correct free docking models.
Multiple doses of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells induce immunosuppression in experimental asthma
Authors: Castro Ligia L. , Kitoko Jamil Z. , Xisto Debora G. , Olsen Priscilla C. , Guedes Herbert L. M. , Morales Marcelo M. , Lopes-Pacheco Miquéias , Cruz Fernanda F. , Rocco Patricia R. M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In experimental house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma, therapeutic administration of a single dose of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) ameliorates lung inflammation but is unable to reverse remodeling. We hypothesized that multiple doses of MSCs might exert better therapeutic effects by reducing lung inflammation and remodeling but might also result in immunosuppressive effects in experimental asthma. HDM was administered intranasally in C57BL/6 mice. After the last HDM challenge, mice received two or three doses of MSCs (105 cells per day) or saline intravenously. An additional cohort of mice received dexamethasone as a positive control for immunosuppression. Two and three doses of MSCs reduced lung inflammation, levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, and eotaxin; total leukocyte, CD4+ T-cell, and eosinophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; and total leukocyte counts in bone marrow, spleen, and mediastinal lymph nodes. Two and three doses of MSCs also reduced collagen fiber content and transforming growth factor-β levels in lung tissue; however, the three-dose regimen was more effective, and reduced these parameters to control levels, while also decreasing α-actin content in lung tissue. Two and three doses of MSCs improved lung mechanics. Dexamethasone, two and three doses of MSCs similarly increased galectin levels, but only the three-dose regimen increased CD39 levels in the thymus. Dexamethasone and the three-dose, but not the two-dose regimen, also increased levels of programmed death receptor-1 and IL-10, while reducing CD4+CD8low cell percentage in the thymus. In conclusion, multiple doses of MSCs reduced lung inflammation and remodeling while causing immunosuppression in HDM-induced allergic asthma.

Significance statement Although a single dose of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) administered therapeutically was unable to ameliorate lung remodeling in house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic asthma, multiple doses of MSCs effectively reduced both lung inflammation and remodeling, while improving lung mechanics. Nevertheless, multiple doses of MSCs also resulted in immunosuppressive effects. This should be taken into account for future clinical trials in patients with severe asthma.
Purely Elastic Fluid–Structure Interactions in Microfluidics: Implications for Mucociliary Flows
Authors: Hopkins Cameron C. , Haward Simon J. , Shen Amy Q. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFluid–structure interactions lie at the heart of the complex, and often highly coordinated, motions of actively driven microscale biological systems (e.g., translating cilia, flagella, and motile cells). Due to the highly viscoelastic nature of most relevant biological fluids and the small length scales involved, the viscous and inertial forces in such flows are dominated by elasticity. However, elastic effects are often overlooked in studies seeking to address phenomena like the synchronization of beating cilia. In this study, unique microfluidic experiments are presented to demonstrate that inertia‐free viscoelastic flows can lead to highly regular beating of an immersed (passive) flexible structure, herein named “purely‐elastic” fluid–structure interaction. It is also shown how two such flexible structures can achieve an extraordinary degree of synchronization, with a correlation coefficient approaching unity. The synchronization is a result of the generation of localized elastic stresses in the fluid that effectively link the two objects. These purely elastic interactions may be important to consider toward developing a complete understanding of the motions of microscale biological systems.