PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI, DAN MUTU TANAMAN TIMI (Thymus vulgaris L.)
Authors: RAHARDJO RAHARDJO , DARWATI I. , NURHAYATI H. 
Published: June 2020

<p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRAK</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Tanaman timi banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia karena <br /> bermanfaat untuk kesehatan. Kebutuhan hara N, P, dan K penting <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">diketahui untuk mendukung budidayanya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">mengetahui respon pemupukan terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, mutu <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">simplisia, dan serapan hara tanaman timi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP. <br /> Manoko (1200 m dpl) pada bulan Januari sampai Desember </span><span style="font-size: medium;">2013. <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan empat ulangan. <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">Perlakuan pemupukan: (1) kontrol (tanpa pupuk); (2) 20 ton/ha pupuk <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">kandang; (3) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-<br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">masing 50 kg/ha; (4) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan KCl <br /> masing-masing 75 kg/ha; (5) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, dan <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">KCl masing-masing 100 kg/ha; (6) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, SP36, <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">dan KCl masing-masing 125 kg/ha; (7) 20 ton/ha pupuk kandang + urea, <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha; dan (8) Urea, SP36, dan KCl <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">masing-masing 150 kg/ha. Peubah yang diamati: tinggi, bobot segar dan <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">kering, produksi herba kering, mutu simplisia, serta kadar hara N, P, dan K <br /> tanaman. Produksi herba tertinggi (3,93 ton/ha) diperoleh pada perlakuan <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha. Peningkatan SP36 menjadi <br /> 150 kg/ha yang diikuti oleh urea dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha tanpa <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">pupuk kandang, mampu meningkatkan herba kering timi 44-88%. Kadar <br /> thymol tertinggi (70,90%) dicapai pada perlakuan </span><span style="font-size: medium;">20 ton/ha pupuk <br /> kandang </span><span style="font-size: medium;">+ urea, SP36, dan KCl masing-masing 150 kg/ha, namun <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">menghasilkan kadar minyak atsiri terendah (0,30%). Sebaliknya, kadar <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">thymol terendah (43,99%) dicapai pada perlakuan tanpa pupuk, tetapi <br /> memiliki kadar minyak atsiri tertinggi (0,92%).</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><p>Kata kunci: Thymus vulgaris L., pemupukan, pertumbuhan, produksi, <br /> kualitas</p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">The Effect of Fertilizer on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) </span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRACT</span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Thyme has been cultivating in Indonesia because of its benefits for <br /> health. Thyme nutrients requirement is important to support its cultivation. <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">This study is aimed to evaluate thyme responses to fertilizer. The research <br /> was conducted at Manoko Experimental Garden </span><span style="font-size: medium;">(1200 m asl) from <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">January to December 2013, arranged in randomized block design with four <br /> replications. Fertilization treatments: (1) control (no fertilizer); </span><span style="font-size: medium;">(2) 20 <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">tonnes/kg manure; (3) 20 tonnes/ha manure + 50 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, <br /> and KCl; (4) 20 tonnes/kg manure + 75 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl;</span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">(5) 20 tonnes/kg manure + 100 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; (6) 20 <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">tonnes/kg manure + 125 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; (7) 20 <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">tonnes/kg manure + 150 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl; and (8) 150 <br /> </span><span style="font-size: medium;">kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl. Parameters observed: plant height, <br /> fresh and dry weight per plant, yield of dry herb, simplicia quality, and N, <br /> P, and K contents. Treatment 150 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl was <br /> produced the highest yield (3.93 tonnes/ha). The increase of SP36 until 25 <br /> kg/ha combined with 150 kg/ha urea and KCl could enhance yield of dry <br /> herb 44-88%. The highest thymol content (70.90%) was obtained from treatment 20 tonnes/kg manure + 150 kg/ha of each urea, SP36, and KCl, but it produced the lowest essential oil content (0.30%). Contrarily, control treatment produced the highest essential oil content (0.92%) but gave the lowest thymol content (43.99%).</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">Key words: Thymus vulgaris L., fertilization, growth, yield, quality<br /></span></p>