bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Planetary candidates transiting cool dwarf stars from campaigns 12 to 15 of K2
Authors: Castro González A , Díez Alonso E , Menéndez Blanco J , Livingston John H , de Leon Jerome P , Suárez Gómez S L , González Gutiérrez C , García Riesgo F , Bonavera L , Iglesias Rodríguez F J , Muñiz R , Everett Mark E , Scott N J , Howell Steve B , Ciardi David R , Gonzales Erica J , Schlieder Joshua E , de Cos Juez F J 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
We analysed the photometry of 20 038 cool stars from campaigns 12, 13, 14, and 15 of the K2 mission in order to detect, characterize, and validate new planetary candidates transiting low-mass stars. We present a catalogue of 25 new periodic transit-like signals in 22 stars, of which we computed the parameters of the stellar host for 19 stars and the planetary parameters for 21 signals. We acquired speckle and AO images, and also inspected archival Pan-STARRS1 images and Gaia DR2 to discard the presence of close stellar companions and to check possible transit dilutions due to nearby stars. False positive probability (FPP) was computed for 22 signals, obtaining FPP &lt; $1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for 17. We consider 12 of them as statistically validated planets. One signal is a false positive and the remaining 12 signals are considered as planet candidates. 20 signals have an orbital period of P$_{\rm orb} \lt 10\,\mathrm{ d}$, 2 have $10\, \mathrm{ d} \lt $ P$_{\rm orb} \lt 20\, \mathrm{ d}$, and 3 have P$_{\rm orb} \gt 20\, \mathrm{ d}$. Regarding radii, 11 candidates and validated planets have computed radius R &lt; 2R⊕, 9 have 2R⊕ &lt; R &lt; 4R⊕, and 1 has R &gt; 4R⊕. Two validated planets and two candidates are located in moderately bright stars ($\rm \mathit{ m}_{kep}\lt 13$) and two validated planets and three candidates have derived orbital radius within the habitable zone according to optimistic models. Of special interest is the validated warm super-Earth K2-323 b (EPIC 248616368 b) with T$_{\rm eq} = 318^{+24}_{-43} \, \mathrm{ K}$, S$_{\rm p} = 1.7\pm 0.2 \, \mathrm{ S}_{\oplus }$, and R$_{\rm p} = 2.1\pm 0.1 \, \mathrm{ R}_{\oplus }$, located in an m$\rm _{kep}$ = 14.13 star.
Starbursting [O iii] emitters and quiescent [C ii] emitters in the reionization era
Authors: Arata Shohei , Yajima Hidenobu , Nagamine Kentaro , Abe Makito , Khochfar Sadegh 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Recent observations have successfully detected [O iii] $88.3\, {\rm \mu m}$ and [C ii] $157.6\, {\rm \mu m}$ lines from galaxies in the early Universe with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. Combining cosmological hydrodynamic simulations and radiative transfer calculations, we present relations between the metal line emission and galaxy evolution at z = 6–15. We find that galaxies during their starburst phases have high [O iii] luminosity of ${\sim}10^{42}~\rm erg~s^{-1}$. Once supernova feedback quenches star formation, [O iii] luminosities rapidly decrease and continue to be zero for ${\sim}100\, {\rm Myr}$. The slope of the relation between $\log {(\rm SFR/\rm M_{\odot }~ yr^{-1})}$ and $\log {(L_{\rm [O\, \small {III}]}/\mathrm{L}_{\odot })}$ at z = 6–9 is 1.03, and 1.43 for $\log {(L_{\rm [C\, \small {II}]}/\mathrm{L}_{\odot })}$. As gas metallicity increases from sub-solar to solar metallicity by metal enrichment from star formation and feedback, the line luminosity ratio $L_{\rm [O\, \small {III}]} / L_{\rm [C\, \small {II}]}$ decreases from ∼10 to ∼1 because the O/C abundance ratio decreases due to carbon-rich winds from AGB stars and the mass ratio of H ii to H i regions decreases due to rapid recombination. Therefore, we suggest that the combination of [O iii] and [C ii] lines is a good probe to investigate the relative distribution of ionized and neutral gas in high-z galaxies. In addition, we show that deep [C ii] observations with a sensitivity of ∼10−2 mJy arcsec−2 can probe the extended neutral gas discs of high-z galaxies.
The thousand-pulsar-array programme on MeerKAT IV: Polarization properties of young, energetic pulsars
Authors: Serylak M , Johnston S , Kramer M , Buchner S , Karastergiou A , Keith M J , Parthasarathy A , Weltevrede P , Bailes M , Barr E D , Camilo F , Geyer M , Hugo B V , Jameson A , Reardon D J , Shannon R M , Spiewak R , van Straten W , Venkatraman Krishnan V 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
We present observations of 35 high spin-down energy radio pulsars using the MeerKAT telescope. Polarization profiles and associated parameters are also presented. We derive the geometry for a selection of pulsars which show interpulse emission. We point out that, in several cases, these radio pulsars should also be seen in γ-rays but that improved radio timing is required to aid the high-energy detection. We discuss the relationship between the width of the radio profile and its high-energy detectability. Finally, we reflect on the correlation between the spin-down energy and the radio polarization fraction and the implications this may have for γ-ray emission.
The AGN contribution to the UV–FIR luminosities of interacting galaxies and its role in identifying the main sequence
Authors: Ramos Padilla Andrés F , Ashby M L N , Smith Howard A , Martínez-Galarza Juan R , Beverage Aliza G , Dietrich Jamie , Higuera-G. Mario-A , Weiner Aaron S 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Emission from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is known to play an important role in the evolution of many galaxies including luminous and ultraluminous systems (U/LIRGs), as well as merging systems. However, the extent, duration, and exact effects of its influence are still imperfectly understood. To assess the impact of AGNs on interacting systems, we present a spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis of a sample of 189 nearby galaxies. We gather and systematically re-reduce archival broad-band imaging mosaics from the ultraviolet to the far-infrared using data from GALEX, SDSS, 2MASS, IRAS, WISE, Spitzer, and Herschel. We use spectroscopy from Spitzer/IRS to obtain fluxes from fine-structure lines that trace star formation and AGN activity. Utilizing the SED modelling and fitting tool cigale, we derive the physical conditions of the interstellar medium, both in star-forming regions and in nuclear regions dominated by the AGN in these galaxies. We investigate how the star formation rates (SFRs) and the fractional AGN contributions (fAGN) depend on stellar mass, galaxy type, and merger stage. We find that luminous galaxies more massive than about $10^{10} \,\rm {M}_{*}$ are likely to deviate significantly from the conventional galaxy main-sequence relation. Interestingly, infrared AGN luminosity and stellar mass in this set of objects are much tighter than SFR and stellar mass. We find that buried AGNs may occupy a locus between bright starbursts and pure AGNs in the fAGN–[Ne v]/[Ne ii] plane. We identify a modest correlation between fAGN and mergers in their later stages.
A Longitudinal Study of Exposure to Tobacco-Related Toxicants and Subsequent Respiratory Symptoms Among U.S. Adults with Varying E-cigarette Use Status
Authors: Dai Hongying , Khan Ali S 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe link between e-cigarette use and subsequent development of respiratory diseases remains an open question.Aims and MethodsA subset of a probability sample of U.S. adults from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Waves 1 and 2 were selected for biospecimen analysis (n = 4614). Subjects were divided into three mutually exclusive groups at baseline: nonusers (n = 2849), exclusive e-cigarette users (n = 222), and poly e-cigarette/tobacco users (n = 1,543). Geometric mean concentrations of baseline biomarkers from five classes of harmful and potentially harmful constituents were reported. Multivariable linear regressions were conducted to examine the relationship between baseline biomarkers and subsequent respiratory symptoms among user groups.ResultsBaseline exclusive e-cigarette users (33.6%[confidence interval, CI: 26.7% to 41.4%]) and poly e-cigarette/tobacco users (50.8%[CI: 47.4% to 54.2%]) had higher prevalence of subsequent respiratory symptoms than nonusers (21.7%[19.2% to 24.4%]). As compared with nonusers, poly e-cigarette/tobacco users had higher concentrations in clinically relevant biomarkers at baseline than exclusive e-cigarette users. Among poly e-cigarette/tobacco users, baseline nicotine metabolites (TNE2, cotinine), tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL), PAH (1-NAP, 3-FLU), and volatile organic compound (N-Acetyl-S-(2-carboxyethyl)-l-cysteine, N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)-l-cysteine) were significantly higher among those reporting subsequent respiratory symptoms than those who did not. Among exclusive e-cigarette users, baseline NNAL was significantly higher among those reporting subsequent respiratory symptoms than those who did not. Within subjects with subsequent respiratory symptoms, NNAL was 2.5 times higher in exclusive e-cigarette users (10.7[6.5 to 17.5]) and 63.4 times higher in poly e-cigarette/tobacco users (199.6[176.7 to 225.4]) than nonusers (3.1[2.4 to 3.9]).ConclusionsE-cigarette use is associated with higher concentrations of known tobacco-related toxicants and risks of subsequent respiratory symptoms than nonusers. Poly e-cigarette/tobacco users exhibit higher risk than exclusive e-cigarette users.ImplicationsThis longitudinal study identified positive associations between baseline urinary biomarkers of exposure to tobacco-related toxicants and increased risks of subsequent respiratory symptoms across varying e-cigarette use groups. E-cigarette use is associated with increased exposure to known tobacco-related toxicants, and certain toxicant exposure increases the risk of respiratory symptoms.
Perspectives on Pain, Engagement in HIV Care, and Behavioral Interventions for Chronic Pain Among Older Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV and Chronic Pain: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: McKetchnie Samantha M , Beaugard Corinne , Taylor S Wade , O’Cleirigh Conall 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective and Methods
The transition of HIV from an acute, fatal illness to a chronic health condition has shifted the treatment needs of people living with HIV (PLWH). PLWH, including sexual minority men (SMM), are living longer and are subject to health concerns often associated with aging. A major health concern of older SMM living with HIV who report problematic substance use is chronic pain. This qualitative analysis of 15 one-on-one interviews with older SMM living with HIV and chronic pain aimed to characterize this population’s experiences with pain, engagement in HIV care, and problematic substance use. This study was conducted in a community health center in Boston, MA. We also solicited suggestions for preferred intervention strategies.

Results
Three main themes emerged from the interview transcripts: 1) the impact of chronic pain and pain treatment on engagement in HIV clinical care; 2) the impact of substance use on chronic pain; and 3) response to interventions to address chronic pain and substance use.

Conclusions
These findings underscore the need for interventions that address the structural, physical, and psychological barriers to engagement in medical and self-care that affect older SMM living with HIV and chronic pain.
Academics’ societal engagement in ecologies of knowledge: A case study from Mozambique
Authors: Zavale Nelson Casimiro , Schneijderberg Christian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa’s (SSA) structural conditions are mostly considered unfavorable to foster academics’ societal engagement (ASE)—that is collaboration between higher education institutions and external stakeholders in general and university–industry linkages in particular. The received view is that ASE in SSA empirically studied only through macro-structural data related to approaches and metrics of national innovation system or knowledge-based economy will predictably display weak portrait and potentially not make visible specific patterns that ASE in SSA may have. This theory-led study reports findings from a case study examining the inputs, in-process, outputs, and impact/outcome of ASE in a university in Mozambique, an African low-income country. The article attempts to make visible specific patterns of ASE that occurs within the ecologies of knowledge in a country like Mozambique. However, we are far away from being able to suggest context adequate indicators. Instead, we provide insights into the qualities and patterns of ASE cooperation.
Creativity in Containing a Patient’s High-Output Fistula: A Case Report
Authors: Michel Marie , Sherfey Sally 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
A gastrogastric fistula is a rare complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass resulting from communication between the gastric pouch and gastric remnant. This case report describes the creative interprofessional management of this condition arising in a 48-year-old woman. During an elective Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery for morbid obesity, the patient developed respiratory complications. She was admitted to the ICU, but the following day she signed herself out against medical advice, stating she was “no longer staying here.” Within 24 hours, she returned to the ED for postoperative complications, and a week after the exploratory surgery, the patient developed an inoperable high-output fistula. The authors devised a creative solution to contain the effluent and achieved closure of the fistula after several weeks.
Results of Laboratory Testing for Immersion, Envelopment, and Horizontal Stiffness on Turn and Position Devices to Manage Pressure Injury
Authors: Call Evan , Tanner Laurel , Cheney Adam , Rappl Laurie , Santamaria Nick , Gefen Amit , Oberg Craig 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
A continuing complication, pressure injuries are due to sustained mechanical loading and tissue deformations, which can then be exacerbated by additional intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. Although support surfaces are designed to mitigate risk factors for pressure injuries, the presence of a turn and position device (TPD) between the patient and support surface may interfere with how support surfaces affect these risk factors.

Objective
Report the use of the NPIAP’s S3I standard test methods to characterize the performance of a support surface when used in conjunction with three different TPDs.

Design
Laboratory testing compared three TPDs for Immersion, Envelopment, and Horizontal Stiffness in each of five surface combinations.

Main outcome measure
Immersion test measures how far mannequin indenter immerses into surface. Envelopment test measures immersion and pressure distribution with hemispherical-indenter with mounted sensor rings. Horizontal Stiffness test measures the shear modulus of the support surface with epicondyle indenter.

Main results
For the specific TPDs tested here, the one with an adjustable integrated air bladder improved rather than compromised both the envelopment and the immersion of the support surface alone. Additionally, this TPD provided potential protection against sliding and the associated frictional shear forces.

Conclusions
This paper describes how TPDs should perform in order to help establish which features are needed in a new medical device of this type. Laboratory testing demonstrates it is possible to improve performance of a support surface by applying a TPD as an add-on, thus relieving tissue deformation exposure through more effective pressure redistribution.
Safety of pertuzumab and trastuzumab administered in a single infusion bag in breast cancer
Authors: De Coucy Antoine , Ollivier Julien , Malifarge Laura , Deppenweiler Marine , Donamaria Catherine , Lortal Barbara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Biophysical and analytical assays have demonstrated the physical and chemical stabilities of an admixture of pertuzumab and trastuzumab co-administered via a single infusion bag. Few data are available concerning the use of this practice in real life. We report the safety of pertuzumab and trastuzumab co-administered via a single infusion bag for first-line treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer.

Methods:
A cancer data registry was used to identify all patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. In cycle 1, patients received intravenous loading doses of pertuzumab and trastuzumab, and in cycle 2 and onward, patients received maintenance doses via a single infusion bag (cohort 1) or as separate infusions (cohort 2). Patients in cohort 3 received both regimens: separate infusions followed by a single infusion bag. Records were reviewed for general and cardiac safety

Results:
In total, 72 patients were eligible for analysis: 25 in cohort 1, 23 in cohort 2, and 24 in cohort 3. One patient (4%) in cohort 1 and 1 patient (4.3%) in cohort 2 had left ventricular dysfunction that led to treatment discontinuation, but this dysfunction was not observed in cohort 3. No significant differences in general or cardiac toxicities were observed between cohort 1 and cohort 2, or cohort 3 after switching to a single infusion bag.

Conclusion:
Pertuzumab and trastuzumab co-administered in a single infusion bag, in a non-clinical-trial setting, had acceptable general and cardiac tolerance profiles. This strategy could improve the comfort of patients while saving active healthcare professionals’ time.

Implications for practice:
Combined treatment of pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and a third chemotherapeutic agent is the standard of care for first-line HER2-positive locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer and can be used as (neo)adjuvant treatment for breast cancer. In practice, the 2 antibodies are administered separately, but this study supports co-administration of pertuzumab and trastuzumab via a single infusion bag. Co-administration has acceptable general and cardiac tolerances in a non-clinical-trial population. This strategy could improve the compliance and comfort of patients while saving active healthcare professionals’ time and medical resource utilization.
Evaluation of detectability of differential type probe using directional eddy current for fibre waviness in CFRP
Authors: Kosukegawa Hiroyuki , Kiso Yuta , Hashimoto Mitsuo , Uchimoto Tetsuya , Takagi Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2020

This paper describes the detectability of eddy current testing (ECT) using directional eddy current for detection of in-plane fibre waviness in unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminate. Three different types of probes, such as circular driving, symmetrical driving and uniform driving probe, were proposed, and the waviness angle was extracted from the contour map of the ECT signal by applying a Canny filter and a Hough transform. By comparing both the waviness angle estimated by ECT and that obtained by an X-ray CT image, the standard deviation (precision) and root mean square error (accuracy) were evaluated to discuss the detectability of these probes. The directional uniform driving probe shows the best detectability and can detect fibre waviness with a waviness angle of more than 2° in unidirectional CFRP. The probe shows a root mean square error of 1.90° and a standard deviation of 4.49° between the actual waviness angle and the angle estimated by ECT.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation and smart monitoring’.
Learning automata based energy-efficient AI hardware design for IoT applications
Authors: Wheeldon Adrian , Shafik Rishad , Rahman Tousif , Lei Jie , Yakovlev Alex , Granmo Ole-Christoffer 
Published: September 2020

Energy efficiency continues to be the core design challenge for artificial intelligence (AI) hardware designers. In this paper, we propose a new AI hardware architecture targeting Internet of Things applications. The architecture is founded on the principle of learning automata, defined using propositional logic. The logic-based underpinning enables low-energy footprints as well as high learning accuracy during training and inference, which are crucial requirements for efficient AI with long operating life. We present the first insights into this new architecture in the form of a custom-designed integrated circuit for pervasive applications. Fundamental to this circuit is systematic encoding of binarized input data fed into maximally parallel logic blocks. The allocation of these blocks is optimized through a design exploration and automation flow using field programmable gate array-based fast prototypes and software simulations. The design flow allows for an expedited hyperparameter search for meeting the conflicting requirements of energy frugality and high accuracy. Extensive validations on the hardware implementation of the new architecture using single- and multi-class machine learning datasets show potential for significantly lower energy than the existing AI hardware architectures. In addition, we demonstrate test accuracy and robustness matching the software implementation, outperforming other state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Advanced electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation and smart monitoring’.
Sensory feedback-dependent coding of arm position in local field potentials of the posterior parietal cortex
Authors: VanGilder Paul , Shi Ying , Apker Gregory , Buneo Christopher A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough multisensory integration is crucial for sensorimotor function, it is still unclear how sensory cues provided by the visual and proprioceptive systems are combined in the brain during motor behaviors. Here we characterized the effects of multisensory interactions on local field potential (LFP) activity obtained from the superior parietal lobule (SPL) as non-human primates performed an arm position maintenance task with either unimodal (proprioceptive) or bimodal (visual-proprioceptive) sensory feedback. Based on previous analyses of spiking activity, and observations that LFP and spikes are highly correlated in some cortical areas, we hypothesized that evoked LFP responses would be tuned to arm location but would be suppressed on bimodal trials, relative to unimodal trials. We also expected to see a substantial number of recording sites with enhanced beta band spectral power for only one set of feedback conditions, as was previously observed for spiking activity. We found that evoked activity and beta band power were tuned to arm location at many individual sites, though this tuning often differed between unimodal and bimodal trials. At the population level, both evoked and beta band activity were consistent with feedback-dependent tuning to arm location, while beta band activity also showed evidence of suppression on bimodal trials. The results suggest that multisensory interactions can alter the tuning and gain of arm position-related LFP activity in the SPL and that this activity can be used to decode the arm’s location under varying sensory conditions.