bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Farmers Managed Extension Activities (FMA) on Changes in Farmers’ Behavior in Panyakalan, Kubung Sub-district, Solok Regency
Authors: Afrini D. , Astuti T. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of the Farmers Managed Extension Activities (FMA) method on changes in farmer behavior between before and after the existence of the FMA method in Panyakalan, Kubung District, Solok Regency. The research method used is a case study method using 55 samples which are determined based on certain criteria and using qualitative descriptive analysis. The focus of this research is to analyze changes in farmer behavior between after and before FMA learning which are seen from changes in farmer orientation about markets, economical business scale, habits of protecting agreements with contract partners based on contracts, building networks between farmer organizations and farmers who have more knowledge becomes a resource for farmers who have lower knowledge. This study found that the implementation of the FMA method (Farmer‘s Managed Extension Activities) in which extension activities managed by farmers influence the behavior of the community in Panyakalan District Kubung Solok Regency can be seen from the conditions of farmers who conduct their traditional and subsistence farming into farmers who have applied the principles agribusiness through continuous learning with a learning-by-doing approach (learning by doing) and carrying out technological innovation-based agribusiness learning activities.
Farmers Motivation to Raising Cow on Bali Cattle Breeding Business (Case Study at Pelaga Village, Petang District, Badung Regency)
Authors: Sanjaya I Gusti Agus Maha Putra , Suparta Nyoman 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aims of this study were to 1) analyze the motivation of farmers to raising cow on Bali cattle breeding business; 2) analyzing the influence of age, formal education, number of cattle ownership, knowledge, attitude, intensity of communication on the motivation of farmers to raising cow on Bali cattle breeding business. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain information from 20 respondents who are all members of Lila Mukti Livestock Farmers Group by census method. This study was conducted in May-June 2018 at Banjar Bukit Munduk Tiying, Pelaga Village, Petang District, Badung Regency, Bali Province. Data were analyzed descriptively and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed: 1) The motivation of farmers to raising cow on Bali cattle breeding business is strong (score 80.80% from ideal maximum score 25); 2) The effect of the independent variable to dependent variable simultaneously is 92.5%. While the remaining 7.5% is explained by other variables not included in the model. As independent variable age, number of cattle ownership, knowledge, attitude, and intensity of communication proved to have a positive and significant effect on the motivation of farmers to raising cow on Bali cattle breeding business, whereas formal education had negative and no significant effect.
The effectiveness of Solar Tracker Use on Solar Panels to The Output of The Generated Electricity Power
Authors: Edward Arnold , Dewi Tresna , Rusdianasari  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
With the aim of optimizing the electrical power output of the solar panels, the solar panels are installed facing perpendicular to the sunlight, then solar panels that can be moved automatically to follow the direction of the sun position. A solar tracker is made PT. Pertamina Plaju RU-3, using 3 units of Solar Power Plant (PLTS) equipped with Solar Tracker, using an actuator that moves solar panels facing the direction from sunrise to sunset. The effectiveness test of the solar tracker on the output power of solar panels is done by adjusting the position 3 unit PLTS against the sunlight, namely at Tracking and Static (Fixed) Position. Arrangements were made in several combinations of positions and measurement of the electrical power output. From the measurement results, obtained a graph that describes the characteristics of changes in output power that are not affected. This is caused by the electrical energy generated by the solar panels only occur optimally from 10 AM until 2 PM. When heading east before 10 AM and west after 2 PM, solar panels absorb solar energy very low. Solar tracker does not increase the efficiency of solar panel power output. Thus the Solar Panel installed in an area close to the equator does not require a Solar Tracker, and it would be better if the solar panel is positioned statically or fixed, with the position of the solar panel facing upright perpendicular to the direction of the sun coming at 12 AM.
Methodology of assessing traffic service level at intersections of feeding focal points
Authors: Zedgenizov A V , Bulanov N S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the methodology of assessing the level of traffic service during the operation, conversion or creation of new focal points in urban areas. The presented methodology of assessing the level of traffic service within the context of traffic performance of uncontrolled intersections allows assessing the degree of influence of focal points on the adjacent street-and-road network. The methodology contains nine consecutive steps and results in assessment of the level of traffic service. The distinctive feature of the methodology is the need to distribute the intensity of traffic flows at the entrance or exit to/from the territory in question when there are several feeding intersections. The result of distribution of transport flows is a matrix that relies on the intensity of the transit flow. If the intensity of conflicting traffic flows exceeds the limit values recommended by the national regulatory standards, the traffic must be controlled by traffic lights. An integrated mathematical model is presented; it allows assessing the load factor of traffic on the basis of open source data, for example, geometric parameters of feeding intersections, the area of the focal point and its remoteness from the city center. Such data can be obtained using GIS technologies. The unique character of the integrated model is that it involves parameters reflecting both the transport demand and traffic performance of the feeding intersection. The model includes the boundary intervals of vehicles driving in the main flow and the intervals of movement in the minor flow. The sequence of calculation of the transport demand converted into the influence of traffic flow intensity on the street-and-road network and traffic load factor is shown. Recommendations on how to choose a traffic management pattern for uncontrolled intersections are given.
Relevance of using electrobuses as public transport in the city of Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Zeer V A , Filatov A N , Vetrov S N , Glukhikh R S , Perikov D S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of the comparative assessment of using autonomous electric transport instead of buses with diesel internal combustion engines that are currently in operation; they are of the same class in terms of environmental and economic characteristics.It is the case study of one of the routes of Krasnoyarsk based on the official data for 2018.
The mutual influence of the A/C condenser and radiator cooling system
Authors: Petov A , Bannikov S , Petrova V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Car air conditioning systems are installed on many cars. The system leads to direct energy costs. In addition, the system elements have an additional influence on the efficiency of the engine cooling system, inasmuch as both systems use the same air flow for cooling. The mechanism of the air flow passing through heat exchangers has been investigated. The study showed that part of the air flow does not pass through the core of the condenser, but flows around it along the external contour. The degree of flow-around depends on several factors.
Structural and mechanical maintenance of quality of the rolled stock for cold upsetting of metal articles
Authors: Filipov A A , Pachurin G V , Goncharova D A , Nuzhdina T V , Mukhina M V , Katkova O V , Matveev U I , Tsapina T N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A widely spread and most productive way to obtain finished metal articles with high structural and mechanical properties are methods of cold heading out of rolled metal, which must have a certain quality - the required plasticity, uniform structure and process parameters along the full length, as well as soundness. In conditions of fierce competition in order to improve the quality of the upset metal articles, the enterprises are forced to find reserves at all the points of the process chain for transformation of the original rolled metal. The greatest effect is achieved by the excluding of energy-consuming and labor-intensive annealing in protective gas furnaces and control of surface defects by etching or mechanical operations. This paper is presenting an economical and environment-friendly technology for structural and mechanical maintenance of high quality of rolled stock for upsetting of metal articles. The rolled steel prepared by this technology has a highly dispersed equally spaced structure without a decarburized layer with increased plasticity, which enables to reduce the number of transitions in the process of upsetting of metal articles and to increase the tools service life.
Experiment of using thermal insulating materials for accumulation of heat in the transmission
Authors: Dolgushin A A , Voronin D M , Syrbakov A P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Operation of production vehicles in conditions of negative temperatures is related to certain difficulties. One of the main problems is the intensive heat extraction from the unit surface in the environment. As a result of heat exchange, the thermal mode of the unit work is broken. It leads to the change of viscosity-temperature characteristics of lubricating oil. Operation of transmission units in such conditions results in the decrease of vehicle fuel efficiency, diminution of service life of the main units and parts and deterioration of ecological efficiency of their work. This article is devoted to the experiment of using thermal insulating materials aimed at reducing heat loss in the transmission. The method of calculation of thickness of a thermal insulation layer is proposed. The necessity of the employment of infrared thermal imaging to detect areas subject to insulation is substantiated. It is revealed that the area of insulation on the unit under study makes up 1.45 m2. The intensity of transmission cooling with the use of liquid insulation is studied. It is established that the insulation of the unit casing allows reducing heat removal rate and increasing cooling-off time from 360 to 540 minutes. The process of heating of the thermally insulated unit is studied. It is determined that the use of liquid insulation allows intensifying the unit heating. The time to stabilization mode decreases by 35% to 45 minutes, and the stabilized temperature increases by 8 K.
Evaluation of the limit properties of a solid body system
Authors: Eltoshkina E V , Ilyin P I , Ovchinnikova N I , Svirbutovich O A , Rozhkov D M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article discusses the design of modern wheel-transport vehicles, in which the problem of reducing the level of vibrations and shocks arises, since the quality and performance, reliability and durability of the operation of machines, devices and equipment depend mainly on the resulting fluctuations during their operation. Also, solutions of problems concerning the limiting properties of solid-state systems for cases of harmonic and shock effects are discussed. The design model of many technical objects is a solid body, which is onboard radio electronic equipment (REA). For the selected model of a solid body, a system is designed for the vibration isolation of a block, at s points of which there are electrical radio-sensitive elements that can withstand a given limiting vibration acceleration. The synthesized vibration-proof system is implemented with the help of linear passive elastic-damping suspensions and active elements, which represent an ideal servo-mechanism.
Influence of tire tread pattern wear on characteristics of its longitudinal adhesion with bearing surface
Authors: Fedotov A I , Markov A S , Makhno D E , Vikulov M A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the research was to carry out the experimental study of the influence of tire tread pattern wear on characteristics of the longitudinal adhesion with the bearing surface in order to detect functional relationships of the adhesion coefficient against the value of tread pattern wear and the value of normal load. The experiments were carried out according to the original methodology on the laboratory tester of a modular type that allows studying the processes occurring in the elastic tire area contacting with the flat, one cylindrical, two cylindrical bearing surfaces. The experimental research allowed obtaining the 35.3% decrease of the longitudinal coefficient of elastic tire adhesion while increasing the value of tread pattern wear from 10% to 90%. The study of brakeage of the wheel with elastic tire on one bearing roller showed the 18% decline of the adhesion longitudinal coefficient with the tread pattern wear varying from 10% to 90%. During the wheel braking on two bearing rollers and the tread pattern wear increased from 10% to 70% the longitudinal coefficient of adhesion fell by 23.8% on the front bearing roller and by 48.4% on the rear roller. The result of the given research is detected functional relationships of adhesion longitudinal coefficient against the values of tread pattern wear and normal load for three types of the bearing surfaces.
Optimization of transport activity of industrial enterprises in the Arctic region based on logistics solutions
Authors: Egorova T , Delakhova A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Functioning and development of industrial enterprises operating in the Arctic conditions depends largely on organized and well-coordinated work of all the links in the supply chain. The lack of the year-round transport infrastructure in the regions of the Arctic zone significantly increases the transport costs of the enterprise. When solving these problems, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of planning, analysis and assessment of the logistics processes of supply, storage and transportation of material flows of the enterprise. The application of logistic methods for solving problems allows developing rational schemes for the delivery of goods, which can have a positive impact on the economic results of the company’s transport activities. The authors consider a method for solving the Make-or-Buy problem (MOB - “to make or buy”), when in terms of logistics service purchase other options with intermediary vehicles are considered as alternatives in order to minimize costs.
Lateral response formation process between an elastic tire and a supporting surface when a slip angle wheel crosses a single irregularity
Authors: Yu Kuznetsov N , Fedotov A I , Lysenko A V , Tikhov-Tinnikov D A , Vlasov V G , Ishkov A M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of an analytical and experimental study of RY
lateral response formation between the elastic tire and the support surface when the wheel with the slip angle δ moves over a single irregularity. In this paper bench methods of experimental study of RY
lateral response formation process between the elastic tire and the support surface, when the wheel with the slip angle δ moves over a single irregularity, are used. The experiment results have been obtained in bench conditions on a special test bench developed by the scientists of the Department of Automobile Transport of Irkutsk National Research Technical University. The results of experiments and calculations are presented in the form of graphs. The results obtained allow us to assert that in the research of RY
lateral response formation between the elastic tire and the support surface, when the wheel with the slip angle δ crosses a single irregularity, it is necessary to consider the unsteady mode of wheel rolling and take into account the fluctuations of individual tire parts.
Influence of pressure and temperature on the parameters of liquid-crystalline working fluids of technical devices
Authors: Larionov A N , Polivaev O I , Larionova N N , Bozhko A V , Gorban L K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The promising use of liquid crystals for the development of technical devices is substantiated. The acoustic method is used to study the dependence of parameters of liquid crystals on the pressure and temperature, which characterize the operating speed of electronic devices with a liquid-crystalline working fluid. We studied the relaxation properties of mixtures of nematic liquid crystals LC-440 and N-96. Within the framework of the molecular statistical theories of the nematic phase, the dependence of the coefficient of rotational viscosity on temperature and pressure is analyzed. The influence of the structure of molecules and molecular complexes of nematic liquid crystals on the dependence of the coefficient of rotational viscosity on external conditions is established. The results of original studies of the dependence of the coefficient of rotational viscosity on pressure and temperature at a constant volume are presented.
Performance steering and front suspension of the car
Authors: Bazhenov Y , Amirseyidov Sh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article contains the research results aimed at reliable performance of the front suspension and the steering system of the car in operation. The main malfunctions of these systems were detected (bus LiAZ-5256 was selected as the object of research) and their influence on “withdrawal” from the specified movement trajectory was identified. The set of diagnostic parameters was substantiated for the assessment of the technical condition of these systems and their standard values, which were the necessary components to provide the function ability of these systems. The search and the fault recovery algorithm in steering system and front suspension of the car were offered.
Effect produced by corrosive environment on fatigue resistance of automotive structural steel
Authors: Pachurin G V , Filippov A A , Goncharova D A , Nuzhdina T V , Matveyev Yu I , Mukhina M V , Kutepova L I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We have studied the influence of corrosive environment on the mechanism of changes in fatigue resistance of automotive structural steels. Analysis of the experimental data has shown that the fatigue resistance of metal materials in corrosive environments is reduced significantly with the increased time of testing. This, in turn, causes a continuous decrease in fatigue curves in the multi-cycle area without reaching the endurance limit. We have identified the factors affecting the resistance to fatigue failure: the medium and its aggressiveness; stress cycle frequency, shape and asymmetry. The presence of a corrosive environment makes it problematic to determine the moment of origin of a macro crack, necessary for the analytical assessment of the time before its appearance. The proposed use of the current sag curves under the sample cyclic loading will allow to fix the moment of the crack origin and to determine the speed of its subsequent propagation. This allows to optimize the choice of structural materials for machines taking into account the operating conditions and to justify the technological manufacturing process in order to reduce material consumption, increase durability and maintainability.
Rotational dynamics of piston diesel engine crankshaft with deactivated cylinders at idle
Authors: Krivtsov S N , Krivtsova T I , Grebennikov A S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Diesel engines have been diagnosed on the basis of a dynamic method. To improve the informativity of the determination of general technical condition of each of the cylinders, it is proposed to apply a well-known test action i.e. termination of operation. In this case, analysis should be given to both the contribution of the cylinder in the operation and the acceleration imparted to the crankshaft by the cylinder in the absence of fuel supply. The paper presents a mathematical model that takes into account the relationship of the dynamics of rotation of the crankshaft with the pressure of gases in the cylinder, including when it is deactivated. The analysis of functional dependences has allowed to receive coupling equations between parameters of tightness of the cylinder and angular crankshaft acceleration. Analytical and experimental study of the crankshaft rotation dynamics with deactivated cylinders at idle speed allowed to conclude that parameters of the crankshaft rotation irregularity allow assessing the engine cylinders’ technical state both in the run mode and in the idle mode. The diagnostic parameter allows determining the leak tightness of the over-piston space at idle speed is suggested. It equals air pressure differential in the cylinder at 50 degrees before TDC and at 50 degrees after TDC over the pressure at 50 degrees before TDC. It was installed, that both extrema of angular accelerations and their average values during compression and expansion can be used to diagnose the technical condition of cylinders.
Tool assessment of AEBS efficiency during test procedure performed using RuNCAP method
Authors: Ivanov A M , Kristalniy S R , Popov N V , Toporkov M A , Sidorov D V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper describes a necessary set of test equipment that helps to carry out research work on AEBS effectiveness using the RuNCAP method. The measuring complex allows evaluating the ability of the AEBS system to recognize the various “targets”, the incoming moment of the collision warning signal and the effectiveness of automatic braking actions. There is a parametric record appearing while processing the AEBS test results of a Subaru Outback automobile. The TTC parameter (Time to collision parameter) is used to estimate timeliness of incoming moment of collision warning signal and automatic braking phase.
Operating conditions calculation during three-dimensional process charts construction of the trucks reliability
Authors: Ozornin S , Tarasov I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article shows that the existing methods of determining the trucks reliability do not take into account the level of load effect during the operation. Depending on climatic conditions, road surface categories, carrying capacity use conditions and technical service quality, the cumulative value of the load impact will vary and affect the reliability index. The purpose of the work is to identify the relationship between the reliability indices and the cumulative value of the impact, as well as a graphical interpretation of these dependencies using three-dimensional reliability process charts. In the paper the methods determining the accumulation rate of loading effects on vehicles and their impact on the probability of failure-free operation and the failure rate of trucks are used. The sequence of collecting statistical data on failures and operating conditions is given. The theoretical bases determining the operating reliability indices dependence on the loading action level are also discussed. The sequence of three-dimensional reliability process charts construction is presented. The obtained results give the possibility of updating the modes of maintenance for various makes and models of commercial vehicles taking into account the operating conditions.