bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
I requisiti degli strumenti di capitale primario di classe 1
Appunti per uno studio del capitale delle banche
Authors: Bevivino Vito 
Published: December 2020

L'esigenza di stabilità del sistema finanziario ed economico scaturita all'esito della più rilevante delle recenti crisi finanziarie ha costituito la premessa della regolazione del capitale bancario elaborata dal Comitato di Basilea. Nel volgere di poco tempo, per rispondere a esigenze analoghe, il legislatore europeo ha rinnovato profondamente la regolazione bancaria europea con il risultato di dar vita al Single Rulebook. Una parte rilevante di questo strumento di armonizzazione è affidata al Regolamento 575/2013 in materia di requisiti prudenziali (Capital Requirement Regulation, inde CRR). Il CRR individua i requisiti di capitalizzazione delle banche determinando le regole per la formazione del capitale bancario e i rapporti di equilibrio tra i vari elementi del finanziamento bancario in base alla rischiosità delle attività. Il capitale primario di classe 1 (common equity tier 1, CET1) è una delle componenti fondamentali del capitale bancario. Lo studio espone gli elementi strutturali del capitale bancario e i requisiti che gli strumenti di capitale devono possedere per poter essere classificati come CET1. Inoltre, lo scritto evidenzia quei profili in cui la disciplina prudenziale si sovrappone a quella societaria e annota quei temi su cui si potrebbero soffermare ulteriori analisi del rapporto tra le discipline.
L’inquadramento giuridico dei riders entro l’alveo dell’art. 2 d.lgs. n. 81/2015 e prime letture giurisprudenziali della etero-organizzazione
Authors: Garbuio Chiara 
Published: December 2020

L'elaborato si propone di analizzare la Sentenza della Corte d'appello in cui i giudici torinesi, riformando parzialmente la pronuncia del giudice di prime cure, pur escludendo la natura subordinata delle prestazioni fornite dai ciclofattoriri alla piattaforma Foodora, ne ravvisa le caratteristiche della etero-organizzazione e quindi l'applicabilità dell'art. 2 d.lgs. n. 81/2015. La sentenza offre anche l'occasione per una delle prime ricostruzioni giurisprudenziali della etero-organizzazione, di recente inserita nel contesto ordinamentale.
The Many Shapes of Interreligious Relations in Contemporary Spain
Authors: Griera Mar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The idea of interreligious dialogue has gained worldwide traction in the last decades and has been promoted as a key component for religious peace. The aim of the article is to examine how interreligious aspirations and practices crystallize in different settings – namely diplomacy, governance and activism – and are shaped by the particular historical and political dynamics of each of these settings. The article explains how the plasticity of the idea of interreligious dialogue contributes to foster its popularity across different domains while serving to convey a wide range of meanings and expectations regarding interreligious pasts, presents and futures. Geographically, the article focuses on Spain and is based on qualitative fieldwork. The article shows that there have been considerable efforts to promote interreligious initiatives and that the global interreligious narrative has been re-fashioned locally, by including the idea of Al-Andalus as a lighthouse. However, the image of Spain and its history, as a foundational space for interreligious dialogue and multi-religious coexistence is contested by the current growth of extreme-right movements, and parties re-claiming the Christian foundational narrative of the country put this kind of initiative in peril.
Millet-Jute-T. Aman Cropping Pattern for Increasing System Productivity in the Active Brahmaputra-Jamuna Floodplain Chars
Authors: Mahmud AA , Alam M Jahangir , Islam MA , Molla MSH , Ali MA 
Published: December 2020

Increasing system productivity in a planned way is an important base for attaining food security, where bringing marginal land like Charland under intensive crop cultivation is highly desirable. The field trial was conducted in the Charland of the Jamuna River under Saghataupazilla of Gaibandha during 2017- 18 & 2018-19 to increase the productivity and profitability through the development of three crops-based improved cropping patterns instead of the local practice (double-crop). Three crops based improved cropping pattern namely Millet (BARI Kaon-2)-Jute (O-9897)-T. Aman (Gainja) was compared with the existing cropping pattern of Millet (Local)-Fallow-T. Aman (Gainja). The experiment was laid out in six dispersed replications maintaining RCB design. The introduced improved cropping pattern produced the higher system productivity based on rice equivalent yield, REY (12.95 t ha-1), than the existing cropping pattern (4.20 t ha-1), which is three times higher than the existing pattern. Total field duration and turnaround time were 323 and 42 days, respectively in improved pattern and 215 and 150 days, respectively in the existing pattern, which revealed that 108 days more could be made productive through the introduction of improved cropping pattern. The alternate pattern increased production efficiency and land-use efficiency by 35% and 30%, respectively than that of the existing cropping system. The gross margin was also three times higher in the improved cropping pattern (1, 41,600 Tk ha-1 yr-1) compared to the farmers’ existing cropping pattern (38,350 Tk ha-1 yr-1). The marginal benefit-cost ratio (MBCR) was calculated 2.44 in an improved cropping pattern over the existing cropping pattern. The inclusion of an extra one crop (Jute) in the existing cropping pattern and replacement of the local millet variety by high yielding variety (BARI Kaon-2) could play a significant role to increase the system productivity as well as profitability in the Charland of Saghata, Gaibandha.
The Agriculturists 2020; 18(1) 129-136
Association Between Perioperative Glycemic Control Strategy and Mortality in Patients With Diabetes Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jin Xinye , Wang Jinjing , Ma Yanfang , Li Xueqiong , An Ping , Wang Jie , Mao Wenfeng , Mu Yiming , Chen Yaolong , Chen Kang 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo analyze association between different perioperative glycemic control strategies and postoperative outcomes in patients with diabetes undergoing cardiac surgery.MethodsMEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and China Biology Medicine (CBM) databases were searched from inception to January 31, 2019. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies, and consensus was reached by discussion with a third researcher.ResultsSix RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. We analyzed the effect of liberal (&gt;180 mg/dl or 10.0 mmol/L), moderate (140–180 mg/dl or 7.8–10.0 mmol/L) and strict (&lt;140 mg/dl or 7.8 mmol/L) glycemic control strategies in patients with diabetes undergoing cardiac surgery. The pooled results showed that strict glycemic control strategy was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of atrial fibrillation [OR = 0.48, 95%CI (0.32, 0.72), P &lt; 0.001] and sternal wound infection [OR = 0.28, 95%CI (0.14, 0.54), P &lt; 0.001], while there was no significant differences in postoperative mortality, stroke, and hypoglycemic episodes when compared with moderate control. In addition, there is no significant difference between moderate and liberal glycemic control strategies in postoperative mortality. However, moderate control was beneficial in reducing atrial fibrillation [OR = 0.28, 95%CI (0.13, 0.60), P = 0.001] compared with the liberal glycemic control strategy.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis showed when compared with moderate glycemic control strategy in patients with diabetes undergoing cardiac surgery, maintained strict glycemic control was associated with lower risk of atrial fibrillation and sternal wound infection. No benefit was found with liberal glycemic control strategy, so it could be a poor glycemic control strategy.
Frequency and Causes of False-Positive Elevated Plasma Concentrations of Fasting Gut Hormones in a Specialist Neuroendocrine Tumor Center
Authors: Butler Olivia L. , Mekhael Monica M. , Ahmed Arslan , Cuthbertson Daniel J. , Pritchard D. Mark 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionIn the UK, the fasting plasma concentrations of a panel of gut hormones (comprising vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), gastrin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), glucagon, somatostatin and chromogranin A) are measured to evaluate patients who have or who (due to unexplained and compatible symptoms) are suspected of having neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). False positive elevated hormone concentrations are sometimes found.ObjectiveTo evaluate the frequency and implications of false positive fasting gut hormone results.MethodsRetrospective audit of fasting gut hormone profile results at a large UK university teaching hospital over 12 months.ResultsFasting gut hormone concentrations were measured in 231 patients during 2017. No NETs were found in the 88 patients who had this test performed only to investigate symptoms. 31 false positive gastrin, 8 false positive chromogranin A, two false positive glucagon, three false positive somatostatin, one false positive PP, and one false positive VIP results were found. We extended the audit for glucagon and somatostatin for an additional two years and found seven probable false-positive raised glucagon concentrations and four probable false-positive elevated plasma somatostatin concentrations in total.ConclusionsFalse-positive elevations of plasma gastrin and chromogranin A were common and causes such as proton pump inhibitor use or inadequate fasting accounted for most cases. Elevated plasma concentrations of the other gut hormones were also detected in patients who had no other evidence of NET. Other diagnoses (e.g. cirrhosis and medullary thyroid carcinoma for hypersomatostatinemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus, pancreatitis, liver or renal impairment for hyperglucagonemia) may cause these false positive results.
A Semi-automatic Diagnosis of Hip Dysplasia on X-Ray Films
Authors: Yang Guangyao , Jiang Yaoxian , Liu Tong , Zhao Xudong , Chang Xiaodan , Qiu Zhaowen 
Published: December 2020

Background: Diagnosis of hip joint plays an important role in early screening of hip diseases such as coxarthritis, heterotopic ossification, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, etc. Early detection of hip dysplasia on X-ray films may probably conduce to early treatment of patients, which can help to cure patients or relieve their pain as much as possible. There has been no method or tool for automatic diagnosis of hip dysplasia till now.Results: A semi-automatic method for diagnosis of hip dysplasia is proposed. Considering the complexity of medical imaging, the contour of acetabulum, femoral head, and the upper side of thigh-bone are manually marked. Feature points are extracted according to marked contours. Traditional knowledge-driven diagnostic criteria is abandoned. Instead, a data-driven diagnostic model for hip dysplasia is presented. Angles including CE, sharp, and Tonnis angle which are commonly measured in clinical diagnosis, are automatically obtained. Samples, each of which consists of these three angle values, are used for clustering according to their densities in a descending order. A three-dimensional normal distribution derived from the cluster is built and regarded as the parametric model for diagnosis of hip dysplasia. Experiments on 143 X-ray films including 286 samples (i.e., 143 left and 143 right hip joints) demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. According to the method, a computer-aided diagnosis tool is developed for the convenience of clinicians, which can be downloaded at http://www.bio-nefu.com/HIPindex/. The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.Conclusions: This data-driven method provides a more objective measurement of the angles. Besides, it provides a new criterion for diagnosis of hip dysplasia other than doctors' experience deriving from knowledge-driven clinical manual, which actually corresponds to very different way for clinical diagnosis of hip dysplasia.
A Novel Nomogram Model Based on Cone-Beam CT Radiomics Analysis Technology for Predicting Radiation Pneumonitis in Esophageal Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy
Authors: Du Feng , Tang Ning , Cui Yuzhong , Wang Wei , Zhang Yingjie , Li Zhenxiang , Li Jianbin 
Published: December 2020

PurposeWe quantitatively analyzed the characteristics of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiomics in different periods during radiotherapy (RT) and then built a novel nomogram model integrating clinical features and dosimetric parameters for predicting radiation pneumonitis (RP) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).MethodsAt our institute, a retrospective study was conducted on 96 ESCC patients for whom we had complete clinical feature and dosimetric parameter data. CBCT images of each patient in three different periods of RT were obtained, the images were segmented using both lungs as the region of interest (ROI), and 851 image features were extracted. The least absolute shrinkage selection operator (LASSO) was applied to identify candidate radiomics features, and logistic regression analyses were applied to construct the rad-score. The optimal period for the rad-score, clinical features, and dosimetric parameters were selected to construct the nomogram model and then the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the prediction capacity of the model. Calibration curves and decision curves were used to demonstrate the discriminatory and clinical benefit ratios, respectively.ResultsThe relative volume of total lung treated with ≥5 Gy (V5), mean lung dose (MLD), and tumor stage were independent predictors of RP and were finally incorporated into the nomogram. When the three time periods were modeled, the first period was better than the others. In the primary cohort, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.700 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.568–0.832), and in the independent validation cohort, the AUC was 0.765 (95% CI 0.588–0.941). In the nomogram model that integrates clinical features and dosimetric parameters, the AUC in the primary cohort was 0.836 (95% CI 0.700–0.918), and the AUC in the validation cohort was 0.905 (95% CI 0.799–1.000). The nomogram model exhibits excellent performance. Calibration curves indicate a favorable consistency between the nomogram prediction and the actual outcomes. The decision curve exhibits satisfactory clinical utility.ConclusionThe radiomics model based on early lung CBCT is a potentially valuable tool for predicting RP. V5, MLD, and tumor stage have certain predictive effects for RP. The developed nomogram model has a better prediction ability than any of the other predictors and can be used as a quantitative model to predict RP.
El pintor Bienvenido Brú: Contribuciones al estudio de su figura y de su obra en Navarra
Authors: Muruzábal del Solar José Mª 
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo acercará el periplo vital y la producción artística del maestro y pintor Bienvenido Brú, natural de Valencia y asentado en Pamplona desde 1870. Este artista trabajó como profesor de dibujo en el Instituto Provincial de Pamplona, en la Escuela de Artes y Oficios de la misma ciudad y en un colegio privado. A la par, participó activamente en el movimiento cultural y artístico de la Navarra del último tercio del siglo xix, a través de encargos y actuaciones diversas que intentamos reflejar en este trabajo. Su producción artística, dedicada básicamente al retrato y la pintura religiosa, es escasa y se inscribe en una estética decimonónica y academicista. Bienvenido Brú falleció en Valencia en 1897.
A drastic increase in critical thickness for strained SiGe by growth on mesa-patterned Ge-on-Si
Authors: Wagatsuma Youya , Alam Md. Mahfuz , Okada Kazuya , Yamada Michihiro , Hamaya Kohei , Sawano Kentarou 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We demonstrate that the critical thickness for Ge-rich strained SiGe layers can be drastically increased by a factor of more then two by means of growth on mesa-patterned Ge-on-Si. The Si0.2Ge0.8 layer grown on sub-millimeter mesa Ge-on-Si is fully strained and free from ridge roughness, while the same Si0.2Ge0.8 layers grown on unpatterned Ge-on-Si and a Ge substrate are partially strain-relaxed with the surface covered by high-density ridge roughness. This demonstrates that the proposed patterning method can provide thick and stable strained SiGe films as promising templates for realization of strained SiGe-based optoelectronic and spintronic devices.
Vu d’ici – Comment gère-t-on les crises au Canada ?
Authors: Martineau Joé T. , Gril Emmanuelle 
Published: December 2020

LES ENTREPRISES ET LES GESTIONNAIRES SAURONT-ILS TIRER DES LEÇONS DE LA PANDÉMIE DE COVID-19 ? ET AU CANADA, ÉTIONS-NOUS D’AILLEURS PRÊTS À AFFRONTER CE TYPE DE CRISE EXCEPTIONNELLE ? JOÉ T. MARTINEAU , PROFESSEURE ADJOINTE AU DÉPARTEMENT DE MANAGEMENT DE HEC MONTRÉAL, APPORTE SON ÉCLAIRAGE SUR LA QUESTION.
Measurements to determine the mixing state of black carbon emitted from the 2017–2018 California wildfires and urban Los Angeles
Authors: Ko Joseph , Krasowsky Trevor , Ban-Weiss George 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The effects of atmospheric black carbon (BC) on climate and public health have been well established, but large uncertainties remain regarding the extent of the impacts of BC at different temporal and spatial scales. These uncertainties are largely due to the heterogeneous nature of BC in terms of its spatiotemporal distribution, mixing state, and coating composition. Here, we seek to further understand the size and mixing state of BC emitted from various sources and aged over different timescales using field measurements in the Los Angeles region. We measured refractory black carbon (rBC) with a single-particle soot photometer (SP2) on Catalina Island, California (∼70 km southwest of downtown Los Angeles) during three different time periods. During the first campaign (September 2017), westerly winds were dominant and measured air masses were representative of well-aged background over the Pacific Ocean. In the second and third campaigns (December 2017 and November 2018, respectively), atypical Santa Ana wind conditions allowed us to measure biomass burning rBC (BCbb) from air masses dominated by large biomass burning events in California and fossil fuel rBC (BCff) from the Los Angeles Basin. We observed that the emissions source type heavily influenced both the size distribution of the rBC cores and the rBC mixing state. BCbb had thicker coatings and larger core diameters than BBff. We observed a mean coating thickness (CTBC) of ∼40–70 nm and a count mean diameter (CMD) of ∼120 nm for BCbb. For BCff, we observed a CTBC of ∼5–15 nm and a CMD of ∼100 nm. Our observations also provided evidence that aging led to an increased CTBC for both BCbb and BCff. Aging timescales < ∼1 d were insufficient to thickly coat freshly emitted BCff. However, CTBC for aged BCff within aged background plumes was ∼35 nm thicker than CTBC for fresh BCff. Likewise, we found that CTBC for aged BCbb was ∼18 nm thicker than CTBC for fresh BCbb. The results presented in this study highlight the wide variability in the BC mixing state and provide additional evidence that the emissions source type and aging influence rBC microphysical properties.
Sociaalwetenschappelijke onderzoeksmethoden
Authors: van Hoesel Peter 
Published: December 2020

Sociaalwetenschappelijke onderzoeksmethoden
Hoeveel nieuwe methoden en technieken van sociaalwetenschappelijk onderzoek zijn er sinds de jaren zestig van de vorige eeuw bij gekomen? Moderne ICT heeft het allemaal wel sneller en makkelijker gemaakt, maar in wezen gaat het nog steeds om dezelfde methoden, wellicht op een enkele uitzondering na. Maar misschien levert deze column reacties op die dit tegenspreken.
Intégration et réussite scolaire des étudiants internationaux dans une région à faible densité ethnoculturelle. Le cas des cégeps du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean1
Authors: Bikie Bi Nguema Nadège , Gallais Benjamin , Gaudreault Marco , Arbour Nadine , Murray Nathalie 
Published: December 2020

Cet article met en lumière les défis de l’intégration et de la réussite scolaire des étudiants internationaux au sein des cégeps du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, une région à faible densité ethnoculturelle. Elle accueille ces étudiants depuis plus d’une dizaine d’années. Bien que présent, le phénomène de l’internationalisation de l’éducation dans les cégeps du Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean est très peu documenté. L’objectif principal du projet est de comprendre les défis de l’intégration et de la réussite scolaire qui jalonnent l’expérience des étudiants internationaux. Pour ce faire, 21 entrevues individuelles ont été menées auprès d’étudiants internationaux. Les résultats montrent que les étudiants ont une image généralement positive de leur cégep et de leurs enseignants. L’expérience migratoire est marquée par les différences entre le pays d’origine et le pays de migration pour études. Aux dires de ces étudiants, l’intégration n’est pas « un long fleuve tranquille ». Ils doivent faire preuve de persévérance afin de réussir leur projet d’études. Cet article apporte des contributions d’ordres pédagogique et social en mettant de l’avant l’importance du rôle des enseignants, des cégeps et de la communauté collégiale et civile dans l’intégration et la réussite scolaire des étudiants internationaux.
Leadeurship dans l’enseignement supérieur au Canada : les expériences des leadeur⋅se⋅s noir⋅e⋅s d’origine africaine
Authors: Ka Mamadou , Jacquet Marianne 
Published: December 2020

L’objectif de la recherche est, dans une visée compréhensive, de documenter l’expérience de leadeurship des minorités visibles dans l’enseignement supérieur canadien, en prenant l’exemple spécifique des Africain⋅es noir⋅e⋅s, pour questionner l’ouverture à la diversité linguistique, ethnique et culturelle de l’enseignement postsecondaire canadien. L’étude a permis d’explorer les défis et les opportunités de ces leadeur⋅se⋅s noir⋅e⋅s, d’appréhender leurs parcours socioprofessionnels, de souligner les facteurs qui leur ont permis d’atteindre ces postes à responsabilités. Les résultats de la recherche ont mis en lumière le fait que les défis sont de taille pour l’université canadienne qui, en ce début de 21e siècle, peine encore à s’ouvrir à la diversité ethnique et culturelle.
Biosuivi du marais Léon-Provancher depuis sa mise en eau (1996-2016) : implications pour la conservation d’un milieu humide aménagé
Authors: Robitaille Julie , Saulnier-Talbot Émilie , Lavoie Isabelle 
Published: December 2020

La création de milieux humides « artificiels » joue un rôle important pour le maintien de la biodiversité et contribue à fournir des services écosystémiques variés. En 1996, des terres en friche ont été ennoyées dans ce qui allait devenir le marais Léon-Provancher à Neuville (Québec). Afin d’évaluer l’état de l’environnement aquatique de ce marais artificiel, nous avons analysé la qualité de l’eau en 2016, et utilisé l’approche de biosuivi basé sur les assemblages de diatomées. Une analyse paléolimnologique des assemblages diatomifères provenant d’une carotte sédimentaire prélevée dans le marais a révélé une dominance de taxons benthiques préférant les eaux douces à saumâtres à pH neutre-alcalin, tolérants aux fluctuations de température de l’eau, de conductivité et d’état trophique, au cours des 20 premières années d’existence du marais. L’application de l’Indice Diatomées de l’Est du Canada (IDEC) indique que la qualité de l’eau du marais peut être qualifiée de bonne à excellente durant la période étudiée. Les changements mineurs observés dans les assemblages de diatomées depuis 1996 semblent plutôt corrélés à des variations du niveau de l’eau qu’à sa qualité. Ces conditions environnementales de référence seront utiles au suivi et à la gestion de l’écosystème du marais afin d’en assurer la conservation.