bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between smoking and tumor grade in colorectal cancer: A retrospective analysis from a single institution.
Authors: Elsoueidi Raymond , Tom Sabrina , Adane Eyob , Dignan Mark 
Published: March 2020

e14673 Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide. Smoking has been increasingly reported as a risk factor. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in colorectal cancer has been reported to have a worse outcome. Poorly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas in Non Small Cell Lung cancer were more strongly correlated with smoking than well differentiated adenocarcinoma. This study was designed to evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and tumor grade in colorectal cancer. Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 2001 and 2011 at the Appalachian Regional Healthcare in Hazard, KY were retrospectively reviewed. Age, gender, pathology and smoking history were obtained. The association between smoking and tumor grade was evaluated by the χ2 test. Results: Three hundred seventeen patients were diagnosed with colorectal cancer between 2001 and 2011. The percentage of male and female patients was 53.3% and 46.7%, respectively. Among these patients, 49.5% (n=157) were smokers and 38.8% were nonsmokers (n=138), while for 11.7% (n=35) of patients smoking history was unknown. In smokers, 17.1% had high grade adenocarcinoma (poorly differentiated) and 82.9% had low grade adenocarcinoma (moderately differentiated + well differentiated) whereas in non-smokers, 13.8% had high grade adenocarcinoma and 86.2% had low grade adenocarcinoma. Although the percentage of high grade adenocarcinoma was higher among smokers this was not statistically significantly (p=0.55). Moreover, tumor grade was not significantly associated with age and gender. Conclusions: Based on these results, there was no association between degree of differentiation of tumor in colorectal cancer and smoking history, age and gender. Although to be noted that the pathologic grading may vary from one pathologist to another.
Immunihistochemical detection of galNAc-T6 to predict survival in patients with colon cancer.
Authors: Ubillos Luis , Rondan Mariela , Berriel Edgardo , Mazal Daniel , Barrios Enrique , Berois Nora , Osinaga Eduardo 
Published: March 2020

e14682 Background: Alterations in the O-glycosylation is one of the most common changes during colon carcinogenesis, which leads to the expression of short O-glycan antigens (Tn, sialyl-Tn, Tk, and core 6). These structures are associated with malignant behavior being actively investigated as targets for immunotherapy. The enzymes of GalNAc-T family regulate the initial step in mucins O-glycosylation and could be responsible for the altered glycosylation observed in cancer. The aim of this work was to evaluate the expression of GalNAc-T6 in colon cancer, and to determine its role as prognostic marker. Methods: We evaluated GalNAc-T6 expression in colon cell lines by immunocytochemistry, and in colon cancer tissue samples by immunohistochemistry using the monoclonal antibody T6.3 developed by us (Berois et al. J Histochem Cytochem. 2006). We analyzed 103 colon cancer samples and 10 normal colon tissues. Results: We found that GalNAc-T6 (usually expressed in normal placenta, trachea, pancreas and brain) is detected in colon cancer cell lines. GalNAc-T6 was also detected by immunohistochemistry in 50.5% of samples with cancer and no expression was found in normal colon tissue. The staining pattern was predominantly cytoplasmic. Multivariate analysis showed that GalNAc-T6 expression is an independent prognostic marker predicting improved survival in patients with positive tumors (p 0.014). Conclusions: GalNAc-T6 could be a new independent prognostic marker to predict better outcome in colon cancer patients.
Prognosis factors and colorectal cancer survival at Oncologos del Occidente from Colombia, South America.
Authors: Chacon Cardona Jose Arnoby , Villegas Mejia Carlos Raul , Sanchez Villegas Tomas 
Published: March 2020

e14692 Background: Colorectal cancer is the fourth cause of cancer in the United States and the third cause of mortality in the same country. In Colombia, it is the fourth most common cancer and the fifth cause of death. Methods: 5,500 medical records of patients suffering from colorectal cancer were analyzed in a study of a retrospective phase in Oncologos del Occidente a Private Cancer Center from January 1995 to September 2005. 771 out of these patients correspond to gastrointestinal tumours, and 351 out of them with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer in order to identify the main prognosis factors described on the medical literature and to illustrate their behaviour regarding the survival of the patients suffering from colorectal cancer in our region. Results: Obstruction was observed on 33.7%; ulceration on 20.3%; lympho-neuro-vascular invasion on 7.5%; perforation on 2.1%; clinical state T4 on 2.3%; positive surgical margins on 1.8% and poor differentiation on 4.6%. The survival to 5 years to those patients showing perforation was 66.7% (IC95%: 28.9-100); 79.9 on tumours T4 (IC95%: 52.3-100); 62.5% on positive margins (IC95%:20-100); 42.4% on poor differentiated tumours (IC95%:0-85), 50% out of this correspond to colon cancer and 34% to rectal cancer; 51.2% on obstruction (IC95%:38.9-63.4); 71,9% on lympho-neuro-vascular invasion (IC95%:52.6-91.1) and 63% on ulcerated tumour (IC 95%:49-76.9). Conclusions: Survival calculated in months can be correlated with number of adverse prognostic factors present (Table). [Table: see text]
A phase II study of afatinib in patients (pts) with metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive trastuzumab-refractory esophagogastric (EG) cancer.
Authors: Janjigian Yelena Yuriy , Capanu Marinela , Gromisch Christopher M. , Kelsen David Paul , Ku Geoffrey Y. , Brown Karen T. , Schattner Mark , Ilson David H. , Solit David B. , Berger Michael F. , Vakiani Efsevia 
Published: March 2020

e15017 Background: Trastuzumab, approved by the FDA, has been the standard of care for pts with HER2-positive EG cancer. Resistance to trastuzumab is now emerging in this population. Afatinib, an oral inhibitor of EGFR, HER2, and HER4 has potent single agent activity in HER2-positive EG cancer NCI-N87 and MSKCC patient derived xenografts (Janjigian JNM 2013). We report the initial results of a phase II study of afatinib in patients with trastuzumab refractory EG cancer. Methods: Pts with HER2 positive (IHC 3+ or FISH>2.0) metastatic EG adenocarcinoma, following failure of at least one trastuzumab/chemotherapy regimen received afatinib 40 mg daily. Archival tissue from pre-trastuzumab biopsy, a new biopsy prior to the start of therapy and after 1 wk of afatinib are mandated. The primary endpoint-overall clinical benefit at 4 months: stable disease (SD), complete response (CR), or partial response (PR) by RECIST 1.1. Results: Nine patients treated with afatinib; median follow up 2.7mos (0.5 to 5.3mos). Median age 62, KPS 80, 6 males, 56% IHC3+; 44% IHC1+/2+/FISH>2.0. Number of prior trastuzumab containing regimens: median 2 (1 to 4). The following treatment emergent adverse events were observed: nausea/vomiting (Grade 1/2: 22%), diarrhea (Grade 1/2:67%), fatigue (Grade1/2: 33%), rash (Grade 1/2:44%), anorexia (Grade 1/2:33%,Grade 3:11%), mucositis (Grade1/2: 11%), paronychia/nail loss (Grade 1/2:11%). To date, 7 pts evaluable for response, 3 of 7 patients (43%) derived clinical benefit; 1 pt (14%) with ongoing RECIST 1.1 confirmed PR - a durable 50% regression of biopsy proven metastases in lung and lymph nodes at 5.3 mo. A second patient had 20% tumor regression in biopsy proven liver metastasis, 3.6 mos disease stabilization. A third patient experienced 4.7 mos disease stabilization and regression of biopsy proven skin metastasis. Conclusions: Single agent afatinib shows clinical efficacy in patients with trastuzumab refractory EG cancer. The study has been expanded to accrue additional patients. Efforts to elucidate the mechanisms of trastuzumab resistance in EG cancer are ongoing. Updated molecular and clinical data will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT01522768.
A phase IIb trial of coix seed injection for advanced pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Tagliaferri Mary Ann , Schwartzberg Lee Steven , Chen Michael M. , Camacho Luis H. , Kaplan Edward H. , Arena Francis P. , Bienvenu Bryan J. , North Susan E. , Patel Hermant , Li Dapeng 
Published: March 2020

e15023 Background: Kanglaite injection (KLTi) is a purified botanical extract injection tested for pancreatic cancer. KLTi is derived from Coix seed of the plant Coix lacrama-jobi. KLTi demonstrated growth inhibitory effects in vitro. In xenograft models with PANC-1 cell lines in BALB/C mice, KLTi combined with gemcitabine had synergistic tumor inhibitory activity greater than gemcitabine alone. KLTi is approved and widely used in China to treat non-small cell lung cancer and primary liver cancer. We report final cohort 1 results from a US phase 2b clinical trial. Methods: Eligible patients with histologically confirmed unresectable pancreatic cancer were randomized to a regimen of either KLTi 30g/day plus a standard course of gemcitabine or a standard course of gemcitabine only. The two groups were compared in efficacy, measure by progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. Results: Forty-one patients were randomized to cohort 1 and 38 patients received treatment: 26 received KLTi plus gemcitabine, 12 received gemcitabine only, and 3 received no treatment. The KLTi plus gemcitabine group had a median PFS of 114 days, significantly longer than the median PFS of 57.5 days in the gemcitabine only group (HR 0.338, 95% CI: 0.145, 0.788, p=0.008). The overall response rates were 15.5% (4/26) and 8.3% (1/12) for KLTi plus gemcitabine and gemcitabine only, respectively. Two serious adverse events were possibly related to KLTi; one subject had a pulmonary embolism and the other experienced transient confusion. The adverse events were similar between the groups and consistent with gemcitabine toxicities. Conclusions: Combined with gemcitabine, KLTi injection showed favorable tolerability and encouraging clinical activity for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT00733850.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy using concurrent docetaxel/CDDP/5-FU (DCF) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its excellent short-term prognosis.
Authors: Yamashita Keishi , Katada Natsuya , Katada Chikatoshi , Hosoda Kei , Moriya Hiomitsu , Higuchi Katsuhiko , Koizumi Wasaburo , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: March 2020

e15122 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using 5-FU/CDDP (FP) followed by surgery is a standard treatment for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, this therapy often encountered progression during the early course of treatment. We are developing the novel NAC using Docetaxel/CDDP/5-FU (DCF). Methods: Thirty eight patients who underwent DCF NAC in cStage II/III ESCC was compared with the 41 counterparts treated by FP NAC. Docetaxel and CDDP were both given to 70-75 mg/ m2 with concurrent 5-FU at 750 mg/m2in 3 cycles. Median follow-up term of DCF NAC reached 18 months. Results: In DCF NAC, grade 3 adverse effects (AEs) were recognized in 97% (37/38), however non-hematological AEs exhibited 8% in stomatitis and 5% in anorexia, and completion rate of the DCF NAC was 86 %. In terms of PR+CR rate, DCF NAC was remarkably more excellent (33/38: 86.8%) than FP NAC (24/41: 58.5%)(P=0.0050). In DCF NAC therapy, 30 patients underwent surgery including 24 R0 esophagectomy, whereas another 8 patients selected definitive chemoradiation therapy. We experienced 3 patients with a pathologic complete response (ypCR)(10%) in DCF NAC. The 1st univariate prognostic analysis for progression free survival (PFS) among all the cases with NAC revealed that significant factors were R0 resection (P<0.0001), cT factor (P=0.0098), and NAC modality (P=0.1), and multivariate proportional hazard model identified these 3 factors as independent prognostic factors (IPFs). We then performed the 2nd stage multivariate prognostic analysis limited to R0 cases including pathologic factors for PFS. The univariate negative prognostic factors were FP NAC (P=0.0064), ypT3 (P=0.032), ypN3 (P=0.0017), ypv2/3 (P=0.0072), as well as cT3 (P=0.033), and multivariate analysis identified only NAC modality. DCF NAC was significantly associated with less frequency of ypT3 (P=0.019) and ypv2/3(P=0.013). Conclusions: Novel DCF NAC for ESCC demonstrated high response rates, and is promising for excellent survival in R0 cases, with acceptable feasibility. It improved the patient survival through downstage of the significant prognostic factors.
Phase II randomized study comparing concurrent chemoradiation versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation in locally advanced unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus.
Authors: Chaudhari Pritee Baburao , Chander Subhash , Mohanti B. K. , Sharma Atul , Kaur Jaspreet , Pathy Sushmita , Deo S. V. S. 
Published: March 2020

e15138 Background: A significant number of patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer (EC) presents with locally advanced disease. Nonsurgical curative therapy for unresectable EC has limited outcome. Methods: Phase II randomized control trial to assess early locoregional response (LRR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed by concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) versus definitive CRT in surgically unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus (ESCC). A total of 30 patients were randomly assigned to two arms. Arm 1: 2 cycles NACT regimen of 5-fluorouracil (750mg/m2 D1-4) and cisplatin (80mg D1-2) followed by CRT, radiation of 56Gy/ 28 Fr concurrent with weekly paclitaxel 50mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC2. Arm2: CRT; consisting of radiation 56Gy/28Fr and weekly paclitaxel 50mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC2. All the patients were followed till 6 months post treatment. LRR assessment was done at 1, 3 and 6 months post treatment. Wilcoxon multivariate analysis was carried out and difference of the factors were assessed by chi square test (x2 p<0.05). Results: Mean age in two arms were 52 and 54 years respectively. The study had median follow up of 6.6 months. Conclusions: In unresectable EC, CRT showed higher LRR, treatment completion and lesser toxicity compared to NACT combined with CRT. In this pilot cohort of locally advanced unresectable EC paclitaxel and carboplatin combined with radiotherapy has good tolerance and compliance. [Table: see text]
Results of observational study of docetaxel, platinum compounds, 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin as first-line therapy in advanced gastric cancer (AGC).
Authors: Trusilova Elena , Besova Nataliya , Gorbunova Vera A. 
Published: March 2020

e15156 Background: AGC is relatively chemosensitive, but a standard chemotherapy (CT) regimen has yet to emerge, and responses are of short duration. Docetaxel-containing scheme are new option for pts with AGC. The V325 trial demonstrated the efficacy benefit of adding docetaxel to CF (cisplatin + 5-FU) (DCF). DCF is associated with significant toxicity, making it less tolerable to pts. We modified the original DCF regimen to reduce its toxicity without decreasing efficacy. Methods: AGC pts received docetaxel 75mg/m2 and cisplatin 75mg/m2 (n=42) or oxaliplatin 100mg/m2 (n=39) in day2 with leucovorin 50mg and 5-FU 500mg/m2 (3-hour infusion) in day1-3 every 3w (TPFL or TOFL) instead of original DCF (docetaxel 75mg/m2, cisplatin 75mg/m2 in day1 and fluorouracil 750 mg/m2in day 1-5 continuous infusion). Results: 81 CT-naïve pts with AGC were included in our observational study from Feb 2008 to Dec 2012 (42 female, 39 male). ECOG 0/1/2 were 9.9/85.2/4.9% pts. ORR was 41% (32/79), SD – 37% (29/79), PD – 23% (18/79). Median PFS and median OS were evaluated in 80pts and were 5.6m and 12.4m, respectively. ORR, PFS, and OS comparable TOFL and TPFL results were: 49 and 34%, 5.4 and 6.5m, 11 and 12.8m respectively. Toxicity of both regimens was moderate. Grade 3+4 toxicities for TPFL/TOFL included leucopenia – 23/5%, neutropenia –50/61%pts, febrile neutropenia -7pts (9%) - 1pt from TPFL and 6pts from TOFL, thrombocytopenia – 2/0% pts. Nonhematologic toxicities were max grade 3: asthenia –2 /20%, stomatitis – 2/0%, diarrhea – 7/5%, vomiting – 0/2,5% pts. There were 2 pts experienced 3grade neurotoxicity in TOFL. We didn’t use G-CSF prophylaxis. There were no deaths and treatment discontinuation due to toxicity. At present 13 pts are still alive, 4 of them were operated on due to distant mts resolution after 4-17 CT courses. Their survival is 41m without PD, 43m, 52m and 22m with PD over 10m,12m and 7m after surgery. Conclusions: Our data suggest that docetaxel and platinum-contain regimens has the similar efficacy and better tolerability than the standard DCF. Both regimens can be safely given in an ambulant setting. Febrile neutropenia and neurotoxicity were more common in TOFL.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 plus cisplatin for advanced cervical esophageal carcinoma: Long-term results of a phase II trial.
Authors: Iwase Hiroaki , Shimada Masaaki , Tsuzuki Tomoyuki , Hirashima Noboru , Okeya Masayuki , Ryuge Nobumitsu , Kida Yuichi , Kuno Takeshi , Tanaka Yusaku , Kato Eriko 
Published: March 2020

e15159 Background: Carcinoma of the advanced cervical esophagus is a highly virulent disease. Although surgery is considered the standard therapy, the results of surgery alone remain poor. The present study analyzes the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with S-1 and cisplatin for advanced cervical esophageal carcinoma (ACEC). Methods: CCRT comprised two courses, 30-Gy radiotherapy over 3 weeks (2 Gy per fraction, 5 times a week) accompanied by daily oral S-1 powder (80 mg/m2/day) for 2 weeks and a 24-hr cisplatin infusion (70 mg/m2) on Day 8. An identical course was administered after a 2-week break. Responders received a 5-week cycle of chemotherapy with S-1 and cisplatin. Results: Twenty-one subjects, 3 with Stage II, 14 with Stage III, and 4 with Stage IV ACEC participated, and all completed the CCRT courses. Eighteen subjects received a total of 59 cycles of chemotherapy after CCRT and a median of 3 cycles per subject was administered (range: 1 to 9 cycles). Complete response rates in subjects with Stage II, Stage III, and Stage IV diseases were 100%, 85.7%, and 25%, respectively, and a dysphagia-free status was found in 80.9%. The most serious toxicity was myelosuppression; Grades 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in 33.3% and 9.5%, of subjects, respectively. Non-hematologic toxicities were moderate. The most common were Grade 2 nausea (38.0%), esophageal pain, and oral mucositis (19.0% each) and renal dysfunction (9.5%). Adverse events from the first course of CCRT resolved during the 2-week treatment break. Overall median progression-free survival was 1.5 years and the median survival time was 2.5 years. The 1- and 5-year survival rates were 75.0 and 27.7%, respectively. Conclusions: This regimen showed favorable antitumor activity, improving survival and quality of life with tolerable toxicity, and could become an alternative to conventional surgery for the treatment of ACEC.
The vascular endothelial growth factor as a predictive and prognostic factor in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-florouracil (DCF) regimen.
Authors: Aktas Sedef H. , Akbulut Hakan , Yazici Ozan , Zengin Nurullah , Akgun Nalan , Ustuner Zeki , Icli Fikri 
Published: March 2020

e15191 Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key element stimulating the angiogenesis in solid tumors. In the current study, we aimed to assess the role of plasma VEGF levels as a prognostic and predictive marker for advanced gastric cancer patients treated with a modified docetaxel, cisplatinum and 5-florouracil (DCF) regimen. Methods: Thirty consecutive patients treated with a modified DCF regimen were included in the study. The plasma VEGF levels of the patients before treatment and following two cycles of chemotherapy were assayed. Results: The modified DCF regimen was well tolerated and yielded a median overall survival (OS) time of 9,0 months and 2-year OS rate of 20%. Good performance status, lower pre-treatment VEGF levels,and decrease in VEGF levels following chemotherapy were found to be independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusions: The results of the current study suggest that the corrected plasma levels of VEGF could be used as a prognostic factor for advanced gastric cancer patients and a decrease in VEGF levels following 2 cycles of chemotherapy as a predictive marker for patients receiving DCF chemotherapy regimen.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presenting as cancer of unknown primary (CUP): Diagnosis by molecular tumor profiling (MTP).
Authors: Hainsworth John D. , Spigel David R. , Greco F Anthony 
Published: March 2020

e15501 Background: CUP is a heterogeneous clinicopathologic syndrome representing many types of occult clinically undetectable primary neoplasms. With the advent of MTP, the tissue of origin in CUP is frequently identified when used in concert with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and clinical features. Histopathology alone is usually not specific, and diagnostic IHC is often limited. Diagnosis of the RCC subset of CUP has important therapeutic potential given the availability of multiple approved biologic therapies, and the use of MTP may facilitate the correct diagnosis. Methods: 488 CUP patients (pts) seen between 2008 – 2012 had MTP (RT-PCR 92-gene assay, CancerTYPE ID, bioTheranostics, Inc.) of their archived tumor specimens. The clinicopathologic features were reviewed and, where feasible, subsequent additional IHC stains were obtained to support the MTP diagnosis. The response and survival to first-line RCC site-specific therapy were evaluated. Results: RCC was the MTP diagnosis in 22 pts (4.5%), including papillary in 8, clear cell in 7, and unknown subtype in 7. Histology included poorly differentiated carcinoma in 15 and adenocarcinoma in 7 (4 with papillary features, 1 with clear cell features). None had evidence of a primary renal lesion detectable by abdominal computed tomography, and the sites of metastasis most often included retroperitoneal nodes (63%), mediastinal nodes (31%), lung (22%), and bone (18%). Diagnostic RCC IHC stains were performed initially in only 3 tumors (14%), but RCC IHC stains (RCC, PAX 8, others) performed later supported the MTP diagnosis in 7 of 9 tumors where remaining tissue was available. 16 pts received first-line RCC targeted therapies (objective response rate was 18%, median survival of 13.4). Conclusions: RCC is a subset of CUP which can be diagnosed by MTP. RCC is usually not suspected in the absence of clear cell features, and occult RCC appears to commonly be the papillary subtype. RCC IHC may be diagnostic in some CUP tumors, but may be omitted in the initial pathologic evaluation. CUP-RCC pts are important to identify as they may benefit from standard RCC targeted therapies, and respond poorly to empiric chemotherapy.