bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swedish translation and validation of the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index
Authors: Angelhoff Charlotte , Johansson Peter , Svensson Erland , Sundell Anna Lena 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To increase health and well-being in young children, it is important to acknowledge and promote the child’s sleep behaviour. However, there is a lack of brief, validated sleep screening instruments for children. The aims of the study were to (1) present a Swedish translation of the PISI, (2) examine the factor structure of the Swedish version of PISI, and test the reliability and validity of the PISI factor structure in a sample of healthy children in Sweden.

Methods
The English version of the PISI was translated into Swedish, translated back into English, and agreed upon before use. Parents of healthy 3- to 10-year-old children filled out the Swedish version of the PISI and the generic health-related quality of life instrument KIDSCREEN-27 two times. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for baseline and test-retest, structural equation modelling, and correlations between the PISI and KIDSCREEN-27 were performed.

Results
In total, 160 parents filled out baseline questionnaires (test), whereof 100 parents (63%) filled out the follow-up questionnaires (retest). Confirmative factor analysis of the PISI found two correlated factors: sleep onset problems (SOP) and sleep maintenance problems (SMP). The PISI had substantial construct and test-retest reliability. The PISI factors were related to all KIDSCREEN-27 dimensions.

Conclusions
The Swedish version of the PISI is applicable for screening sleep problems and is a useful aid in dialogues with families about sleep.
Improving the assessment of communication competencies in a national licensing OSCE: lessons learned from an experts’ symposium
Authors: Monti Matteo , Klöckner-Cronauer Christina , Hautz Stephanie C. , Schnabel Kai P. , Breckwoldt Jan , Junod-Perron Noëlle , Feller Sabine , Bonvin Raphael , Huwendiek Sören 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
As the communication competencies of physicians are crucial for providing optimal patient care, their assessment in the context of the high-stakes Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is of paramount importance. Despite abundant literature on the topic, evidence-based recommendations for the assessment of communication competencies in high stakes OSCEs are scarce. As part of a national project to improve communication-competencies assessments in the Swiss licensing exam, we held a symposium with national and international experts to derive corresponding guidelines.

Methods
Experts were invited on account of their recognized expertise either in teaching or assessing communication competencies, or in conducting national high-stakes OSCEs. They were asked to propose concrete solutions related to four potential areas for improvement: the station design, the rating tool, the raters’ training, and the role of standardized patients. Data gene.rated in the symposium was available for analysis and consisted of video recordings of plenary sessions, of the written summaries of group work, and the cards with participants’ personal take-home messages. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results
Nine major suggestions for improving communication-competencies assessments emerged from the analysis and were classified into four categories, namely, the roles of the OSCE scenarios, rating tool, raters’ training, and simulated patients.

Conclusion
In the absence of established evidence-based guidelines, an experts’ symposium facilitated the identification of nine practical suggestions for improving the assessment of communication competencies in the context of high-stakes OSCEs. Further research is needed to test effectiveness of the suggestions and how they contribute to improvements in the quality of high-stakes communication-competencies assessment.
Low-resolution pressure reactivity index and its derived optimal cerebral perfusion pressure in adult traumatic brain injury: a CENTER-TBI study
Authors:   the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU (HR ICU) Sub-Study Participants and Investigators, Riemann Lennart , Beqiri Erta , Smielewski Peter , Czosnyka Marek , Stocchetti Nino , Sakowitz Oliver , Zweckberger Klaus , Unterberg Andreas , Younsi Alexander 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
After traumatic brain injury (TBI), brain tissue can be further damaged when cerebral autoregulation is impaired. Managing cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) according to computed “optimal CPP” values based on cerebrovascular reactivity indices might contribute to preventing such secondary injuries. In this study, we examined the discriminative value of a low-resolution long pressure reactivity index (LPRx) and its derived “optimal CPP” in comparison to the well-established high-resolution pressure reactivity index (PRx).

Methods
Using the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study dataset, the association of LPRx (correlation between 1-min averages of intracranial pressure and arterial blood pressure over a moving time frame of 20 min) and PRx (correlation between 10-s averages of intracranial pressure and arterial blood pressure over a moving time frame of 5 min) to outcome was assessed and compared using univariate and multivariate regression analysis. “Optimal CPP” values were calculated using a multi-window algorithm that was based on either LPRx or PRx, and their discriminative ability was compared.

Results
LPRx and PRx were both significant predictors of mortality in univariate and multivariate regression analysis, but PRx displayed a higher discriminative ability. Similarly, deviations of actual CPP from “optimal CPP” values calculated from each index were significantly associated with outcome in univariate and multivariate analysis. “Optimal CPP” based on PRx, however, trended towards more precise predictions.

Conclusions
LPRx and its derived “optimal CPP” which are based on low-resolution data were significantly associated with outcome after TBI. However, they did not reach the discriminative ability of the high-resolution PRx and its derived “optimal CPP.” Nevertheless, LPRx might still be an interesting tool to assess cerebrovascular reactivity in centers without high-resolution signal monitoring.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02210221. First submitted July 29, 2014. First posted August 6, 2014.
The importance of discovery science in the development of therapies for the critically ill
Authors:   on behalf of the Translational Biology Group, Juffermans Nicole P. , Radermacher Peter , Laffey John G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDiscovery science, a term which encompasses basic, translational, and computational science with the aim to discover new therapies, has advanced critical care. By combining knowledge on inflammatory and genomic pathways with computational methods, discovery science is currently enabling us to optimize clinical trials design by predictive enrichment and to move into the era of personalized medicine for complex syndromes such as sepsis and ARDS. Whereas computational methods are gaining in interest, efforts to invest in basic and translational science in critical care are declining. As basic and translational science is essential to advance our understanding of the pathophysiology of organ failure, this loss of interest may result in failure to discover new therapies for the critically ill. A renewed emphasis on basic and translational science is essential to find solutions for fundamental questions that remain in critical care. This requires a strategy to prioritize basic and translational science as an essential component within the critical care research “toolkit.” Key aspects of this strategy include an increased focus on basic science in critical care medical curricula as well as in critical care platforms such as conferences and medical journals. Training of critical care clinician scientists in basic and translational research will require new organizational models within the academic institutions, as well as the development of new funding opportunities for early career critical care clinician scientists.
Dynamic investigation of Georges phenomenon related to three-phase wound-rotor induction motor
Authors: Abdel-Wahab R. R. , Abdo T. M. , Hanafy H. H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze the performance of a three-phase wound-rotor induction motor (WRIM) under rotor windings asymmetry. The dynamic performance of the WRIM under healthy and rotor windings asymmetry with one-open-phase fault conditions is analyzed using a dynamic model in the ABC frame. Under opening one phase of the rotor windings, the WRIM suffers from operation at a speed near to the half of its synchronous speed, which is known as the Georges phenomenon. The behavior of the WRIM is simulated and investigated experimentally under faulty conditions for four different possible connections of rotor windings. The stator and rotor currents are analyzed using fast Fourier transformation technique to identify the fault signatures. The results prove that under opening one phase of the rotor windings the WRIM suffers from pulsating electromagnetic torque, high oscillatory stator currents and high unbalanced rotor currents. Also the results prove that the performance of the motor under rotor windings asymmetry conditions and the occurrence of Georges phenomenon depend on the type of connection of the rotor windings and fault location. Therefore, the authors suggest a special delta connection for the rotor winding to reduce the effects of this phenomenon. The simulation and experimental results show good agreement and prove the validity of the suggested delta connection.
In silico studies of some 2-anilinopyrimidine derivatives as anti-triple-negative breast cancer agents
Authors: Abdulrahman Hadiza Lawal , Uzairu Adamu , Uba Sani 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer is a major form of health problem on the globe and the second cause of death related to cancer amidst women. A prediction of about 1 to 1.3 million cases on cancer of the breast are detected yearly globally. Triple-negative type of breast cancers (TNBCs) are described by the lack of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR). TNBCs metastasize to the central nervous system and lungs regularly. Such metastatic actions reduce the life expectancy of patients with TNBC than patients with non-TNBC due to non-enhanced inhibitor compounds. The purpose of this research was to explore the anti-proliferative activities of 2-anilinopyrimidine derivatives against triple-negative cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 via in silico studies like QSAR and molecular docking studies to further design and develop new anti-breast cancer drug with high potency and low toxicity.ResultsThe quantitative structure–activity relationship QSAR model predicts the bioactivities of the compounds, and molecular docking studies comprehend the interaction between the derivatives (ligand) and thyroid hormone (TRβ1) (receptor). Model 4 was chosen as the best model from the statistical assessment;R2= 0.8760,R2adj= 0.8451,Q2= 0.6141, andR2predof 0.5390. From the external validation of the QSAR model, the coefficient of the mean effect on the model parameters indicates that decreasing (VR1_Dzv and MOMI-R) and increasing (SpMin1_Bh and C3SP3) would increase the anti-proliferative activities (pIC50) of the compounds. The molecular docking studies revealed that ligands 15 and 18 had the highest docking scores of − 7.3 and − 7.4 kcal/mol with thyroid hormone receptor (TRβ1). The ligands had docking scores better than the standard anti-breast cancer drug gefitinib (− 5.3 kcal/mol).ConclusionsThe results indicate that model 4 can be used in developing new 2-anilinopyrimidine derivatives, with better anti-breast cancer prediction activity and performance. It was proved that some series of 2-anilinopyrimidine derivative compounds bind tightly to the receptor, stabilizing the receptor (TRβ1) which is evident from the receptor–ligand interactions, and these compounds would serve as the most promising inhibitors against TRβ1. This shows a breakthrough for pharmaceutical researchers in designing and developing new anti-triple-negative breast cancer drugs.
CATS II Long-term Anthropometric and Metabolic Effects of Maternal Sub-optimal Thyroid Function in Offspring and Mothers
Authors: Muller Ilaria , Taylor Peter N , Daniel Rhian M , Hales Charlotte , Scholz Anna , Candler Toby , Pettit Rebecca J , Evans William D , Shillabeer Dionne , Draman Mohd S , Dayan Colin M , Tang Hiu K C , Okosieme Onyebuchi , Gregory John W , Lazarus John H , Rees D Aled , Ludgate Marian E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Context and Objectives
The Controlled Antenatal Thyroid Screening Study I (CATS-I) was a randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of levothyroxine therapy for suboptimal gestational thyroid function (SGTF), comparing outcomes in children of treated (SGTF-T) with untreated (SGTF-U) women during pregnancy. This follow-up study, CATS-II, reports the long-term effects on anthropometric, bone, and cardiometabolic outcomes in mothers and offspring and includes a group with normal gestational thyroid function (NGTF).

Design & Participants
332 mothers (197 NGTF, 56 SGTF-U, 79 SGTF-T) aged 41.2±5.3 years (mean±SD) and 326 paired children assessed 9.3±1.0 years after birth for (i) body mass index (BMI); (ii) lean, fat, and bone mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; (iii) blood pressure, augmentation index, and aortic pulse-wave-velocity; and (iv) thyroid function, lipids, insulin, and adiponectin. The difference between group means was compared using linear regression.

Results
Offspring’s measurements were similar between groups. Although maternal BMI was similar between groups at CATS-I, after 9 years (at CATS-II) SGTF-U mothers showed higher BMI (median [interquartile ratio] 28.3 [24.6-32.6] kg/m2) compared with NGTF (25.8 [22.9-30.0] kg/m2; P = 0.029), driven by fat mass increase. At CATS-II SGTF-U mothers also had higher thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values (2.45 [1.43-3.50] mU/L) than NGTF (1.54 [1.12-2.07] mU/L; P = 0.015), since 64% had never received levothyroxine. At CATS-II, SGTF-T mothers had BMI (25.8 [23.1-29.8] kg/m2, P = 0.672) and TSH (1.68 [0.89-2.96] mU/L; P = 0.474) values similar to NGTF mothers.

Conclusions
Levothyroxine supplementation of women with SGTF did not affect long-term offspring anthropometric, bone, and cardiometabolic measurements. However, absence of treatment was associated with sustained long-term increase in BMI and fat mass in women with SGTF.
Thyroglobulin Changes are Highly Dependent on TSH in Low-risk DTC Patients not Treated with Radioiodine
Authors: Matrone Antonio , Faranda Alessio , Latrofa Francesco , Gambale Carla , Stefani Donati Delio , Molinaro Eleonora , Agate Laura , Viola David , Piaggi Paolo , Torregrossa Liborio , Basolo Fulvio , Elisei Rossella 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Low-risk differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is currently rarely treated with radioiodine (131I) to ablate the postoperative remnant. Therefore, the interpretation of the serum thyroglobulin (Tg) values should be reconsidered. The aim of our study was to evaluate the changes in Tg values during follow-up with regard to the changing values in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).

Materials and Methods
We evaluated 271 low-risk DTC patients, treated with total thyroidectomy but not 131I. To be included, patients had to be negative for Tg antibodies and have at least 3 evaluations in our department. All patients were on levothyroxine (L-T4) therapy.

Results
After a median follow-up of 73 months, the overall Tg values were stable, while TSH values slightly increased. Therefore, we pooled data of Tg and TSH from all evaluations and a significant positive correlation was demonstrated (R = 0.2; P &lt; 0.01), and was also demonstrated when we performed the analysis using time-weighted values (R = 0.14; P = 0.02). Moreover, when dividing patients into 3 groups according to first postoperative Tg (Group A [Tg &lt; 0.2 ng/ml], Group B [Tg 0.2–1 ng/ml], and Group C [Tg &gt; 1 ng/ml]) most patients showed stable values of Tg at the end of follow-up but TSH variations had a clear impact on the changes in Tg among the groups.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that in low-risk DTC not treated with 131I, serum Tg remains substantially stable over time, and the variations observed were correlated with the concomitant variations of TSH levels, mainly due to the modification of LT-4 therapy performed according to the ongoing risk stratification.
Proinflammatory Cytokine Interleukin 1β Disrupts β-cell Circadian Clock Function and Regulation of Insulin Secretion
Authors: Javeed Naureen , Brown Matthew R , Rakshit Kuntol , Her Tracy , Sen Satish K , Matveyenko Aleksey V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Intrinsic β-cell circadian clocks are important regulators of insulin secretion and overall glucose homeostasis. Whether the circadian clock in β-cells is perturbed following exposure to prodiabetogenic stressors such as proinflammatory cytokines, and whether these perturbations are featured during the development of diabetes, remains unknown. To address this, we examined the effects of cytokine-mediated inflammation common to the pathophysiology of diabetes, on the physiological and molecular regulation of the β-cell circadian clock. Specifically, we provide evidence that the key diabetogenic cytokine IL-1β disrupts functionality of the β-cell circadian clock and impairs circadian regulation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The deleterious effects of IL-1β on the circadian clock were attributed to impaired expression of key circadian transcription factor Bmal1, and its regulator, the NAD-dependent deacetylase, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Moreover, we also identified that Type 2 diabetes in humans is associated with reduced immunoreactivity of β-cell BMAL1 and SIRT1, suggestive of a potential causative link between islet inflammation, circadian clock disruption, and β-cell failure. These data suggest that the circadian clock in β-cells is perturbed following exposure to proinflammatory stressors and highlights the potential for therapeutic targeting of the circadian system for treatment for β-cell failure in diabetes.
Differentiation of metastatic lesions to the bones and multiple myeloma – a case study
Authors: Pachciński Olaf , Przywara Paulina , Raabe Adam , Zaremba Bartłomiej , Szudy-Szczyrek Aneta , Hus Marek 
Published: May 2020

Bones are one of the most common locations for cancer metastasis. Foci, which are in the most cases osteolytic, are located in the spine, ribs, pelvis, long bones. The etiology of changes varies widely as they can be observed in the course of breast, prostate or lung cancer and multiple myeloma. The aim of the study is to present the case of a 72-year-old female patient after right nephrectomy due to clear cell carcinoma with the presence of disseminated osteolytic foci in the bones located in the ribs, sternum and femur and the existance of calcified pulmonary nodules on diagnostic computed tomography (CT). Basing on the clinical data and imaging results, metastatic bone disease of kidney carcinoma was diagnosed. Despite the treatment, no clinical improvement was observed. In addition, general symptoms such as weakness, weight loss, bone pain appeared. Osteolysis and diffuse osteopenia with hypercalcaemia increased. Further diagnostics – a histopathological examination of the bone marrow combined with laboratory results allowed to make the correct diagnosis - multiple myeloma in stage III in Durie and Salmon classification, in stage 3 according ISS scale. The appropriate treatment was introduced. Patient received bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone chemotherapy regimen and achieved very good partial response (VGPR).On the grounds of the case given, the key to successful treatment is to carry out detailed differentiation and to make an accurate diagnosis. Coexistence of another cancer should be always considered. A biopsy of pathological lesions is often the only way to diagnose disease.
Bioelectrical impedance in the assessment of nutritional status
Authors: Ręba Patrycja 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionBioelectrical impedance analysis is based on the difference in electric conduction in the water and fat environment. Adipose tissue and extracellular water are devoid of capacitive resistance (reactance), whereas they show passive electrical resistance (resistance). The current frequencies used in the bioelectrical impedance test do not affect nerve or heart muscle irritation. The current is completely safe and practically imperceptible to the patient. Aim The purpose of the work is to analyze bioelectrical impedance in assessing nutritional status.Material and method Review of available literature on the subject.ResultsImpedance is a category of electrical resistance consisting of two elements: resistance (passive electrical resistance) and reactance (capacitive, active electrical resistance). Resistance refers to the specific resistance of individual tissues. It is proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the total water content in the body. Reactance is associated with the electrical capacity of cell membranes that act as capacitors.The phase angle is a parameter that illustrates the circulation of water between the intracellular and extracellular space. Provides information on cell membrane integrity, cell health and total body mobility. BCM changes are typical for some chronic diseases, such as AIDS or cancer. Subjective global nutrition assessment (SGA) is the gold standard for determining nutritional status.ConclusionsThe phase angle value allows you to track the nutrition of the body as well as monitor recovery and physical fitness. Keeping BCM at the right level has a positive effect on your health. Maintaining BCM is a major goal in all types of nutrition therapies. FFMI allows observation of the effects of treatment, disease or aging patients.
Index Fund Entry and Financial Product Market Competition
Authors: Sun Yang 
Published: May 2020

The active money management industry is characterized by both strong competitive pressure from passive investment vehicles and high fees. This paper investigates how the introduction of low-cost index funds affects fund company strategies. The retail mutual fund market is segmented, where unsophisticated investors rely on financial advisers and sophisticated ones invest directly. Exploiting the staggered entry of low-cost Vanguard index funds as competitive shocks, I show that, in response to competition, incumbents sold to self-directed investors reduce their fees by 5% of the mean; however, funds sold with broker recommendations increase their fees by 6% of the mean. Index fund entry also slows the growth of actively managed funds. The responsiveness of broker-sold fund flows to distribution fees increases, suggesting a shift in composition toward less elastic consumers. Further, incumbents increase the degree of active management. The results illustrate why mutual fund fees slowly decline in the aggregate despite competition from lower-cost alternatives. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
On q-analogues for trigonometric identities
Authors: Abo Touk Sarah , Al Houchan Zina , El Bachraoui Mohamed 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper we will give q-analogues for the Pythagorean trigonometric identity
{\sin^{2}z+\cos^{2}z=1} in terms of Gosper’s q-trigonometry. We shall also give new q-analogues for the duplicate trigonometric identity
{\sin(x-y)\sin(x+y)=\sin^{2}x-\sin^{2}y}.
Moreover, we shall give a short proof for an identity of Gosper, which was also established by Mező.
The main argument of our proofs is the residue theorem applied to elliptic functions.