bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collateral injury of the conduction system during catheter ablation of septal substrate in nonischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Muser Daniele , Santangeli Pasquale , Castro Simon A. , Liang Jackson J. , Enriquez Andres , Liuba Ioan , Magnani Silvia , Garcia Fermin C. , Arkles Jeffrey , Supple Gregory G. , Lin David , Schaller Robert D. , Kumareswaran Ramanan , Zado Erica , Tschabrunn Cory M. , Dixit Sanjay , Frankel David S. , Callans David J. , Marchlinski Francis E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) little is known about the clinical impact of catheter ablation (CA) of septal ventricular tachycardia (VT) resulting in the collateral injury of the conduction system (CICS).Methods and ResultsNinety‐five consecutive patients with NICM underwent CA of septal VT. Outcomes in patients with no baseline conduction abnormalities who developed CICS (group 1, n = 28 [29%]) were compared to patients with no CICS (group 2, n = 17 [18%]) and to patients with preexisting conduction abnormalities or biventricular pacing (group 3, n = 50 [53%]). Group‐1 patients were younger, had a higher left ventricular ejection fraction and a lower prevalence of New York Heart Association III/IV class compared to group 3 while no significant differences were observed with group 2. After a median follow‐up of 15 months, VT recurred in 14% of patients in group 1, 12% in group 2 (P = .94) and 32% in group 3 (P = .08) while death/transplant occurred in 14% of patients in group 1, 18% in group 2 (P = .69) and 28% in group 3 (P = .15). A worsening of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (median LVEF variation, −5%) was observed in group 1 compared to group 2 (median LVEF variation, 0%; P < .01) but not group‐3 patients (median LVEF variation, −4%; P = .08) with a consequent higher need for new biventricular pacing in group 1 (43%) compared to group 2 (12%; P = .03) and group 3 (16%; P < .01).ConclusionsIn patients with NICM and septal substrate, sparing the abnormal substrate harboring the conduction system provides acceptable VT control while preventing a worsening of the systolic function.
Plasma iron concentrations and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in neonatal foals
Authors: Sanmartí Júlia , Armengou Lara , Viu Judit , Alguacil Eduardo , Civit Sandra , Ríos José , Jose‐Cunilleras Eduard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundSparse information regarding plasma iron concentration in neonatal foals and its utility as an inflammatory marker in this population has been published.ObjectivesTo determine the physiologic plasma iron concentration in neonatal foals. To assess its utility as an inflammatory marker to predict systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and as a prognostic marker.AnimalsForty‐seven ill neonatal foals admitted to a referral equine hospital were divided in 2 groups based on the SIRS criteria (24 SIRS and 23 non‐SIRS). Two control groups of 43 hospital and 135 stud farm healthy neonatal foals were also included.MethodsObservational prospective study. Data were summarized by mean and its 95% confidence interval and absolute frequency and percentage for quantitative andqualitative variables. One‐way ANOVA, ANCOVA (group and age effects) and Dunnett as posthoc analysis were used to compare plasma iron concentration among groups.ResultsNeonatal foals with SIRS did not have had any statistically significant different plasma iron concentrations compared to non‐SIRS (P = .56) and stud farm control group (P = .99), 172.8 μg/dL (95% CI; 126.0‐219.6), 193.1 μg/dL (139.1‐247.2), and 181.8 μg/dL (171.3‐192.4), respectively. Plasma iron concentration had a large variability in healthy neonatal foals, and was negatively correlated with age in hospital controls (rho = −0.387) and sick neonatal foals (rho = −0.598) (P < .001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportancePlasma iron was not a useful marker of SIRS in neonatal foals and was not associated with outcome.
Certified Coronavirus Immunity as a Resource and Strategy to Cope with Pandemic Costs
Authors: Eichenberger Reiner , Hegselmann Rainer , Savage David A. , Stadelmann David , Torgler Benno 
Published: April 2020

SUMMARYA pandemic is not only a biological event and a public health disaster, but it also generates impacts that are worth understanding from economic, societal, historical, and cultural perspectives. In this contribution, we argue that as the disease spreads, we are able to harness a valuable key resource: people who have immunity to coronavirus. This vital resource must be effectivelyemployed, it must becertified, it must besearchedfor, it must befound, and it may even beactively produced. We discuss why this needs to be done and how this can be achieved. Our arguments not only apply to the current pandemic but also to any future rapidly spreading, infectious disease epidemics. In addition, we argue for high awareness of a major secondary, nonbiological crisis arising from the side effects of societal and economic pandemic reactions to actual or imagined health risks. There is a risk that the impacts of the secondary crisis could outweigh that of the biological event.
Falling Between the Cracks: Discrimination Laws and Older Women
Authors: McLaughlin Joanne Song 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTheories and evidence suggest that older women may experience unique discrimination for being both old and female in the workplace. To provide a remedy for this type of discrimination — known as intersectional discrimination — legal scholars argue that age and sex discrimination laws must be used jointly and acknowledge intersectional discrimination (age‐plus‐sex or sex‐plus‐age discrimination) as a separate cause of action. Nonetheless, in general, courts have declined to do so even though older women are protected under both age and sex discrimination laws. This raises a concern that age discrimination laws may be ineffective, or less effective in protecting older women. I test this implication by estimating the differential effect of age discrimination laws on labor market outcomes between older women and older men. My findings show that age discrimination laws did far less to improve labor market outcomes for older women than for older men. These results may explain the persistent findings of discrimination against older women in the existing literature and support the legal scholars' argument that older women's intersectional discrimination must be recognized as a separate cause of action.
Asset pricing with heterogeneous beliefs and illiquidity
Authors: Muhle‐Karbe Johannes , Nutz Marcel , Tan Xiaowei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the equilibrium price of an asset that is traded in continuous time between N agents who have heterogeneous beliefs about the state process underlying the asset's payoff. We propose a tractable model where agents maximize expected returns under quadratic costs on inventories and trading rates. The unique equilibrium price is characterized by a weakly coupled system of linear parabolic equations which shows that holding and liquidity costs play dual roles. We derive the leading‐order asymptotics for small transaction and holding costs which give further insight into the equilibrium and the consequences of illiquidity.
New parameter for quantifying bolus transit with high‐resolution impedance manometry: A comparison with simultaneous esophagogram
Authors: Gong Eun Jeong , Choi Kyungmin , Jung Kee Wook , Pandolfino John. E. , Kim Do Yeon , Yoon In Ja , Seo So Young , Koo Hyun Sook , Na Hee Kyong , Ahn Ji Yong , Lee Jeong Hoon , Choi Kee Don , Kim Do Hoon , Song Ho June , Lee Gin Hyug , Jung Hwoon‐Yong , Myung Seung‐Jae , Kim Nayoung , Joo Segyeong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal bolus transit can be assessed using esophagogram or high‐resolution impedance manometry (HRIM). The three‐dimensional volume of inverted impedance (VII) has been developed to quantify the residual bolus between each swallow through spatiotemporal analysis. However, this novel metric has not been validated against simultaneous esophagogram.MethodsA total of nine healthy volunteers (Seven males, aged 19‐45 years) were prospectively evaluated with HRIM and barium esophagogram. In addition, 21 symptomatic patients (12 males, aged 20‐85 years) without major motility disorder were also included. The VII was estimated from HRIM data using MATLAB program and was compared with residual bolus volume in the esophagus estimated from simultaneous esophagogram.Key resultsA total of 80 swallows (24 in controls and 56 in patients) were analyzed. Results from the VII method were concordant with the bolus transit pattern estimated from the esophagogram in 91.3% (73/80) of swallows. The correlation between quantitative data from VII and the volume of residual bolus estimated from esophagogram was strong in both groups with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.805 for healthy volunteers and 0.730 for symptomatic patients. The intraclass correlation coefficient of VII between the three swallows within a subject was 0.901 in healthy subjects and 0.705 in patients, indicating a modest reliability of this method.Conclusions and inferencesThe newly developed VII method is a reliable method in assessing residual bolus volume in the esophagus based on comparison with bolus volume estimated from simultaneous esophagogram.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pediatric pectus excavatum patients—Where is the heart?
Authors: Jang Young‐Eun , Park Jung‐Bin , Kang Chang-Hyun , Park Samina , Kim Eun‐Hee , Lee Ji‐Hyun , Kim Hee‐Soo , Kim Jin‐Tae 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn children with pectus excavatum, the posteriorly depressed sternum compresses and displaces the heart. However, the currently recommended compression site and depth for cardiopulmonary resuscitation have not been studied in this population.AimThis retrospective study investigated the location of the center of ventricles with the largest cross‐sectional area to determine the optimal site and depth for chest compressions in pediatric pectus excavatum patients.MethodsChest computed tomography images of 94 pediatric pectus excavatum patients before and after correction surgery were compared with normal patients. The caudal displacement of the ventricles was calculated by dividing the length of sternum by the length from the suprasternal notch to the transverse level of the largest cross‐sectional area of the ventricles. The proportional leftward deviation of the center of the ventricles from the midline versus transverse diameter of the thorax was calculated. The remaining internal thickness was calculated at the midline assuming the recommended compression depth of one‐third of the anterior to posterior diameter.ResultsCompared with the normal population (mean = 81% [SD = 10.3%]), pediatric pectus excavatum patients showed caudal displacement of ventricles before (98.2% [15.1%], 95% CI of mean difference; 13.7%‐20.5%, P < .001) and after correction (100.4% [13.5%], 95% CI of mean difference; 16.2%‐22.5%, P < .001). Compared with the normal population (6.9% [2.7%]), pediatric pectus excavatum patients showed leftward deviation of ventricles before (16.2% [5.5%], 95% CI of mean difference; 8.2%‐10.4%, P < .001) and after correction (13.3% [4.8%], 95% CI of mean difference; 5.3%‐7.3%, P < .001). The remaining internal thickness assuming the recommended chest compression was <10 mm in 54/94(57.4%) and 18/94 (19.1%) of pediatric pectus excavatum patients before and after correction, respectively.ConclusionsPediatric pectus excavatum patients showed significant caudal displacement and leftward deviation of the ventricles compared with the normal population despite correction surgery and the currently recommended compression site and depth might injure intrathoracic structures without effective cardiac compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Testing the validity and reliability of the doping willingness in sport scale
Authors: Stanger Nicholas , Whitaker Lisa , Backhouse Susan H. 
Published: April 2020

Although research investigating doping in sport is burgeoning, there is still a lack of proxy measures of doping behavior that have undergone extensive psychometric testing. To address this issue, we modified a previously used measure of doping willingness in sport and tested aspects of validity and reliability across four studies. In Study 1, we provided support for the face and content validity of the items, and then found support for the factor structure of the scale in a sample of athletes (N = 205) using confirmatory factor analysis. In Study 2, we collected data from an independent sample of athletes (N = 236) to provide further evidence for the factor structure of the scale using confirmatory factor analysis as well as provided evidence for concurrent and discriminant validity. In Study 3, a further independent sample of athletes (N = 144) completed the scale and provided support for discriminant and predictive validity of the scale. In Study 4, we collected data from a further independent sample (N = 74) to provide support for the test‐retest reliability, and stability of items. Lastly, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the samples across Studies 3 and 4, and the composite sample across all four studies which provided further support for the factor structure of the final 8‐item scale. Taken together, these findings provide psychometric support for the scale to be used to measure the willingness of athletes to use banned substances to help facilitate future research investigating doping in sport.
Combining physical performance and Functional Movement Screen testing to identify elite junior Australian Football athletes at risk of injury
Authors: Jones Stephen C. , Fuller Joel T. , Chalmers Samuel , Debenedictis Thomas A. , Zacharia Andrew , Tarca Brett , Townsley Alex , Milanese Steve 
Published: April 2020

The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and physical performance testing are often suggested to be related to sports injury risk. This study explored if the combination of FMS and physical performance testing improved identification of non‐contact injury risk over FMS testing alone in an elite junior Australian football cohort. Over a 3‐year period, 573 players completed pre‐season injury history questionnaires, FMS, physical performance testing (20‐m sprint, vertical jump, planned agility testing, and shuttle run test), and subsequent in‐season injury surveillance. Results: Neither previous injury or FMS score <14 were related to an increased risk of subsequent injury in isolation. The combination of FMS composite score ≤14 and previous injury moderately increased the risk of injury (Hazard ratio [HR] = 2.22 [1.09‐4.54]). None of the physical performance measures improved the ability to predict injuries based on FMS composite score. FMS asymmetry was only associated with injury when combined with previous injury and vertical jump performance. Players with ≥1 FMS asymmetry and history of previous injury experienced a large increase in injury risk when vertical jump was poor (HR = 4.26 [1.35‐13.42]) or good (HR = 3.17 [1.08‐9.29]). Players with a combination of a good vertical jump, no previous injury, and no FMS asymmetries were also at moderately increased risk of injury (HR = 3.41 [1.11‐10.42]). No physical performance tests improved the ability to identify non‐contact injury risk using an FMS composite score threshold. However, a U‐shaped relationship between vertical jump and injury risk was identified with both poor and good vertical jump height associated with a moderate‐large increase in non‐contact injury risk in the presence of ≥1 asymmetrical FMS sub‐test.
On the Aperiodic Signal Amplification by Rescaled Vibrational Resonance in Fractional-Order Duffing Oscillators
Authors: Jia Pengxiang , Leng Yonggang , Yang Jianhua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the former works of Yang et al., they put forward two vibrational resonance (VR) methods in fractional Duffing oscillators to amplify the weak harmonic character signal with arbitrary high-frequency. Moreover, the aperiodic character signal is also a common signal form in practical engineering. For the “fast-changing” aperiodic character signal in time domain, the classical VR method is difficult to amplify it effectively. To solve this problem, an aperiodic signal amplification method based on rescaled VR in fractional-order Duffing oscillators is proposed. Take the bipolar binary random signals with arbitrary minimal pulse width as an example, the rescaled VR under the overdamped and underdamped conditions can be realized by matching the signal parameters and system parameters effectively, and the amplification of aperiodic signal can be achieved.
Can autonomy support have an effect on type 2 diabetes glycemic control? Results of a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yun Qingping , Ji Ying , Liu Shenglan , Shen Yang , Jiang Xuewen , Fan Xinyi , Liu Jingnan , Chang Chun 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesTo assess whether social support or autonomy support intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes can achieve glycemic control at the end of intervention, and to test whether the glycemic control effect can be maintained for a long time.Research design and methodsIn this cluster randomized controlled trial, 18 community healthcare stations (CHSs) were randomized to the following: (1) usual care group (UCG) offering regular public health management services, (2) social support group (SSG) providing 3-month social support intervention based on problem solving principles, and (3) autonomy support group (ASG) offering 3-month autonomy support intervention based on self-determination theory. A total of 364 patients registered in the CHSs were enrolled into either of the three groups. The primary outcome was hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and secondary outcomes were diabetes self-management (DSM) behaviors. Assessment was conducted at baseline and at 3 and 6 months.ResultsPatients in ASG achieved better HbA1c reduction at the end of intervention (0.53% or 7.23 mmol/mol, p<0.001) than those in the UCG and successfully maintained it up to 6 months (0.42% or 5.41 mmol/mol, p<0.001). However, patients in SSG did not experience significant change in HbA1c at 3 or 6 months when compared with patients in UCG. Besides, patients in both the SSG (0.12, p<0.05) and ASG (0.22, p<0.001) experienced improvement in exercise at 3 months. Patients in ASG sustained improvement in exercise up to 6 months (0.21, p<0.001), but those in the SSG did not.ConclusionsAutonomy support for patients with type 2 diabetes could help achieve glycemic control at the end of intervention and successfully maintain it up to 6 months. These findings indicate that autonomy support has positive long-term effects on DSM behaviors and glycemic control and can be recommended in future diabetes intervention programs.Trial registration numberChiCTR1900024354.
Terrain park feature compliance with Québec ski area safety recommendations
Authors: Audet Olivier , Macpherson Alison K , Valois Pierre , Hagel Brent E , Tremblay Benoit , Goulet Claude 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesThe primary objective of this paper is to examine terrain park (TP) feature compliance with recommendations from a ski area industry guide (are TP features compliant with the guide?) and determine factors that could be associated with TP feature compliance in Québec ski areas (do factors influence TP feature compliance?), Canada. These recommendations on the design, construction and maintenance are provided by the Québec Ski Areas Association Guide.MethodsA group of two to four trained research assistants visited seven ski areas. They used an evaluation tool to assess the compliance of 59 TP features. The evaluation tool, originally developed to assess the quality of TP features based on the guide, was validated in a previous study. Compliance was calculated by the percentage of compliant measures within a given feature. The potential influence of four factors on compliance (size of the TP, size of the feature, snow conditions and type of feature) were examined using a mixed-effects logistic regression model.ResultsThe average TP feature compliance percentage was 93% (95% CI 88% to 99%) for boxes, 91% (95% CI 89% to 94%) for rails and 89% (95% CI 86% to 92%) for jumps. The logistic regression showed that none of the four factors examined were associated with TP feature compliance with the guide.ConclusionOur results suggest that TP features are highly compliant with the guide in Québec ski areas.
State-level teen dating violence education laws and teen dating violence victimisation in the USA: a cross-sectional analysis of 36 states
Authors: Harland Karisa K , Vakkalanka J Priyanka , Peek-Asa Corinne , Saftlas Audrey F 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundApproximately 10% of teens report experiencing sexual dating violence (SDV) or physical dating violence (PDV), collectively represented as teen dating violence (TDV). This study examines the association between laws incorporating TDV education in schools on TDV prevalence.MethodsTDV prevalence was estimated using data contributed by 36 states that participated in the 2015 Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance Survey (YRBS). Presence of TDV laws was determined using Westlaw, a legal search engine. The adjusted odds of TDV victimisation was estimated by the presence or absence of a state law and length of time the law was in effect using hierarchical regression modelling, clustering on state, controlling for individual-level and state-level covariates and incorporating the YRBS-weighted survey design.ResultsAfter controlling for individual-level and state-level covariates, the presence of a law was not associated with TDV (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.97; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.06), PDV (aOR 1.12; 95% CI 0.95 to 1.33) or SDV (aOR 0.99; 95% CI 0.91 to 1.08). These odds did not differ across the length of time the policies were in effect.ConclusionsThis study suggest that just the presence of a law incorporating TDV education in schools is not associated with reduced TDV victimisation but further research is needed to understand the association of the content of these laws and their implementation on TDV victimisation.
Association between pulse pressure and ischaemic stroke in elderly patients with hypertension
Authors: Huang Jiayi , Liu Lin , Huang Yu-Qing , Lo Kenneth , Yu Yu-Ling , Chen Chao-Lei , Tang Song-tao , Zhang Bin , Feng Ying Qing 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe association between pulse pressure (PP) and the risk of first ischaemic stroke (IS) is inconsistent. Therefore, we evaluated the association between PP and the risk of first IS among elderly hypertensive population in China.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. Patients with hypertension and aged ≥60 years were recruited. Multivariate Cox regression was performed to evaluate the association between PP and the risk of IS. We further stratified the regression models into subgroups and test for interaction to assess whether the associations were modified by other covariates.ResultsA total of 3315 patients with hypertension (44.49% male; mean age 71.41±7.20 years) were included, and 206 cases of IS occurred with a median follow-up of 5.5 years. The results showed that per SD mm Hg increment in PP was associated with a 17% (95% CI 1.05 to 1.40, p=0.0172) increased risk of IS. Moreover, the HR of IS for the highest quartile of PP was 1.46 (95% CI 1.18 to 1.73, p=0.0011, p for trend &lt;0.001) comparing with the lowest quartile of PP. Subgroup analysis showed that population aged ≥70 years, male, patients with smoking or drinking habit, diabetes at baseline, being overweight, with uncontrolled blood pressure or did not take antihypertensive drugs have a higher risk for IS.ConclusionsWe found that PP was significantly associated with IS and was an independent risk factor for IS.