bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The FlhA linker mediates flagellar protein export switching during flagellar assembly
Authors: Inoue Yumi , Kida Mamoru , Kinoshita Miki , Takekawa Norihiro , Namba Keiichi , Imada Katsumi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe flagellar protein export apparatus switches export specificity from hook-type to filament-type upon completion of hook assembly, thereby initiating filament assembly at the hook tip. The C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of FlhA (FlhAC) forms a homo-nonameric ring structure that serves as a docking platform for flagellar export chaperones in complex with their cognate filament-type substrates. Interactions of the flexible linker of FlhA (FlhAL) with its nearest FlhACsubunit in the ring allow the chaperones to bind to FlhACto facilitate filament-type protein export, but it remains unclear how it occurs. Here, we report that FlhALacts as a switch that brings the order to flagellar assembly. The crystal structure of FlhAC(E351A/D356A) showed that Trp-354 in FlhALbound to the chaperone-binding site of its neighboring subunit. We propose that FlhALbinds to the chaperon-binding site of FlhACto suppress the interaction between FlhACand the chaperones until hook assembly is completed.
Automated deep lineage tree analysis using a Bayesian single cell tracking approach
Authors: Ulicna Kristina , Vallardi Giulia , Charras Guillaume , Lowe Alan R. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTSingle-cell methods are beginning to reveal the intrinsic heterogeneity in cell populations, which arises from the interplay or deterministic and stochastic processes. For example, the molecular mechanisms of cell cycle control are well characterised, yet the observed distribution of cell cycle durations in a population of cells is heterogenous. This variability may be governed either by stochastic processes, inherited in a deterministic fashion, or some combination of both. Previous studies have shown poor correlations within lineages when observing direct ancestral relationships but remain correlated with immediate relatives. However, assessing longer-range dependencies amid noisy data requires significantly more observations, and demands the development of automated procedures for lineage tree reconstruction. Here, we developed an open-source Python library,btrack, to facilitate retrieval of deep lineage information from live-cell imaging data. We acquired 3,500 hours of time-lapse microscopy data of epithelial cells in culture and used our software to extract 22,519 fully annotated single-cell trajectories. Benchmarking tests, including lineage tree reconstruction assessments, demonstrate that our approach yields high-fidelity results and achieves state-of-the-art performance without the requirement for manual curation of the tracker output data. To demonstrate the robustness of our supervision-free cell tracking pipeline, we retrieve cell cycle durations and their extended inter- and intra-generational family relationships, for up to eight generations, and up to fourth cousin relationships. The extracted lineage tree dataset represents approximately two orders of magnitude more data, and longer-range dependencies, than in previous studies of cell cycle heritability. Our results extend the range of observed correlations and suggest that strong heritable cell cycling is present. We envisage that our approach could be extended with additional live-cell reporters to provide a detailed quantitative characterisation of biochemical and mechanical origins to cycling heterogeneity in cell populations.
Semi-processive hyperglycosylation of adhesin by bacterial proteinN-glycosyltransferases
Authors: Yakovlieva Liubov , Ramírez-Palacios Carlos , Marrink Siewert J. , Walvoort Marthe T.C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractProcessivity is an important feature of enzyme families such as DNA polymerases, polysaccharide synthases and protein kinases, to ensure high fidelity in biopolymer synthesis and modification. Here we reveal processive character in the family of cytoplasmic proteinN-glycosyltransferases (NGTs). Through various activity assays, intact protein mass spectrometry and proteomics analysis, we established that NGTs from non-typeableHaemophilus influenzaeandActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaemodify an adhesin protein fragment in a semi-processive manner. Molecular modeling studies suggest that the processivity arises from the shallow substrate binding groove in NGT, that promotes the sliding of the adhesin over the surface to allow further glycosylations without temporary dissociation. We hypothesize that the processive character of these bacterial protein glycosyltransferases is the mechanism to ensure multisite glycosylation of adhesinsin vivo, thereby creating the densely glycosylated proteins necessary for bacterial self-aggregation and adherence to human cells, as a first step towards infection.
High fat worsens olanzapine induced metabolic abnormalities in rats
Authors: Jamaluddin Sahara Juita , Nilugal Kiran C. , Kulkarni Nagaraj M. , Fattepur Santosh , Abdullah Ibrahim , Ugandar Rajan Ethiraj 
Published: September 2020

PurposeOlanzapine is widely prescribed in the treatment of schizophrenia and various psychiatric illnesses. Schizophrenia patients have been reported to eat a diet that contain higher in fat and lower in fiber. High dietary fat intake can predispose to the development of metabolic abnormalities and exacerbate hepatic changes. The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of olanzapine and high fat diet on blood glucose, lipid profile and the liver in rats.Design/methodology/approachTwenty-four healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into following groups: group I was given normal diet, group II was given high fat diet, group III was given high fat diet and olanzapine (5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally twice daily) and group IV was given normal diet and olanzapine (at same dose). After 30 days, the blood samples were collected to assess levels of blood glucose and total lipid profile. Also, liver specimens were processed for histological study by using light microscope.FindingsGroup III showed significant increase in weight, blood glucose (p < 0.05), total cholesterol (p < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p < 0.05) and decrease in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p < 0.05) when compared to group II. While group III revealed several histological changes including, dilatation and congestion of central veins and blood sinusoids as well some hepatocytes appeared damaged and were replaced by inflammatory cellular infiltrate.Originality/valueThese results suggest that olanzapine and high fat diet greatly increased the blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-C and considerable decreased HDL-C as well as mild inflammatory changes
Does the university curriculum impact the level of students' food safety knowledge?
Authors: Smigic Nada , Lazarov Tijana , Djekic Ilija 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate food handling practices and food safety knowledge among undergraduate students in the Republic of Serbia. It was also to determine whether the university curriculum influences the food safety outcome among participating students.Design/methodology/approachA structured, self-administrative questionnaire was designed and used to assess the level of food handling practices and food safety knowledge among undergraduate students in the Republic of Serbia. In total, 240 students were involved in this study. For each participating student, the food handling practice score (FHPS) and food safety knowledge score (FSKS) was calculated by dividing the sum of correct answers by the total number of correct responses. Additionally, knowledge gaps among students of food/health related and non-food/health related faculties were identified.FindingsThe average FHPS for all students was 46%, while the average FSKS was 56%. Both FHPS and FSKS scores were significantly associated with the education, and students of food/health related faculties (Food Technology, Veterinary Medicine and Medicine) obtained better scores compared to students of non-food/health related faculties (Faculty of Agriculture, Economics and Faculty of Philology). Only 12.5% of all students and only 3.3% of non-food/health related students knew that food contaminated with food poisoning bacteria cannot be recognized by visual, olfactory or taste checks. The results indicated that 95% of students apply good practice of hand hygiene before preparing food, while only 52.5% of all students declared that they wash their hands for at least 20 s.Originality/valueThis is the first research aimed to investigate the food handling practices and food safety knowledge among undergraduate students in this part of Europe. Identifying knowledge gaps can help identifying at-risk populations and knowledge-based interventions. Also, novelty of this research was the connection between students' knowledge and curriculum of different food/health related faculties.
Feminine? Masculine? Androgynous leadership as a necessity in COVID-19
Authors: Blake-Beard Stacy , Shapiro Mary , Ingols Cynthia 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between leaders’ expressed traits and their impact on their country’s COVID-19 outcomes. Some leaders are over relying on masculine traits and dismissing feminine traits. An alternative – androgynous leadership – supports leaders in drawing from the full portfolio of behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper has a theoretical approach using an extensive review of the literature.FindingsLeaders can take a number of actions to fully embrace androgynous leadership. These actions include building a diverse “tempered” team, communicating with respect, recognizing the impact of framing and moving from autopilot to realizing their best androgynous self.Research limitations/implicationsResearch limitations include a critique of Bem’s framework as outdated and dichotomous; a categorization of feminine, masculine and neutral behaviors that is determined by the authors; and a focus on leadership style that does not take other dimensions, such as health-care systems, into account.Practical implicationsThe authors propose that an “androgynous” leadership style has been used effectively by some political leaders around the globe in the COVID-19 crisis. The COVID-19 context has provided a laboratory for developing and building competence as androgynous leaders.Social implicationsThe mental capacity to look at a situation, pause and explicitly select effective behavior is necessary, but oftentimes, it is not put into practice. By not drawing from a larger portfolio of androgynous behaviors, the opportunity for leaders to their best work is missed.Originality/valueThere is an acknowledgement of the benefits of the combination of masculine and feminine leadership traits. There are also clear recommendations supporting leaders in developing their androgynous leadership skills.
Does role conflict influence discontinuous usage intentions? Privacy concerns, social media fatigue and self-esteem
Authors: Fan Xiaojun , Jiang Xinyu , Deng Nianqi , Dong Xuebing , Lin Yangxi 
Published: September 2020

PurposeUsing WeChat moments as an example, this article explores the impact of user role conflict on privacy concerns, social media fatigue and the three dimensions of discontinuous usage intention: control activities, short breaks and suspend usage intentions. Moreover, the moderating function of self-esteem in this process is examined.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model includes role conflict, privacy concerns, social media fatigue, discontinuous usage intention and self-esteem. Three hundred and thirty-one questionnaires were collected using an online survey, and the data were analyzed with structural equation and hierarchical regression modeling.FindingsThe results show that (1) role conflict positively affects privacy concerns and social media fatigue; (2) privacy concerns also positively affect social media fatigue; (3) privacy concerns positively affect control activities intentions, although their impact on short breaks and suspend usage intentions is not significant, whereas social media fatigue significantly influences control activities, short breaks and suspend usage intentions; and (4) self-esteem negatively moderates the influence of role conflict on privacy concerns.Research limitations/implicationsA key limitation of this research is that it is designed for WeChat. Therefore, the question of whether other social media platforms face role conflict or discontinuous usage problems should be explored in the future.Originality/valueThe article is interesting in that it focuses on the discontinuous usage of social media and identifies factors that contribute to the discontinuous usage of social media. The findings make some theoretical contributions to, and have practical implications for, research into social media usage.
How does appreciation lead to higher job satisfaction?
Authors: Pfister Isabel Barbara , Jacobshagen Nicola , Kälin Wolfgang , Semmer Norbert Karl 
Published: September 2020

PurposeBuilding on the “Stress-as-Offense-to-Self” theory, this study investigates appreciation as a predictor of job satisfaction over time, mediated by subjective success and feelings of resentment towards one's organization.Design/methodology/approachAnalyses are based on a three-wave study with two-month time intervals, with a sample of 193 employees from six Swiss organizations.FindingsDouble mediation by subjective success and feelings of resentment was confirmed; no mediation was found in a reversed mediation model. Results highlight the importance of appreciation for employees' feelings of success and job satisfaction, but also for affect related to the organization as a whole.Practical implicationsOrganizations should recognize the role of appreciation in satisfaction, affective reactions toward the organization, and information about one's standing. Appreciation can be expressed in multiple ways; it not only increases job satisfaction but also helps employees to validate their judgments about their own performance.Originality/valueAppreciation is a promising resource for employee well-being. The present study is one of few focusing on appreciation as a resource in its own right, rather than as part of broader constructs, such as social support. Our results not only confirm the importance of appreciation but also shed light on mechanisms through which it may exert its influence. They complement a multilevel analysis based on the same data showing an association of appreciation with different indicators of well-being on the interpersonal as well as the intrapersonal level.
Corporate governance and corporate social responsibility synergies: evidence from New Zealand
Authors: Zaman Rashid , Nadeem Muhammad , Carvajal Mariela 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to provide exploratory evidence on corporate governance (CG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) interfaces. Although there remains a voluminous literature on CG and CSR, very little effort has been put forward to explore the nature of this relationship.Design/methodology/approachUsing interviews with Senior Executives of New Zealand Stock Exchange listed firms, this research assesses CG and CSR practices, identifies barriers for CG and CSR adoption and investigates the nature of the relationship between CG and CSR.FindingsThe results indicate a moderate level of CG and CSR practices, with a lack of resources and cost-time balance as common barriers for CG and CSR adoption. However, despite these barriers, we note that the majority of executives appreciate the increasing convergence between CG and CSR, and believe that a more robust CG framework will lead to more sustainable CSR practices.Originality/valueThese findings have important implications for managers and policymakers interested in understanding the CG-CSR nexus and promoting responsible business practices.
Efficacy and safety of first‐line nivolumab plus ipilimumab in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Tanaka Toshikazu , Hatakeyama Shingo , Numakura Kazuyuki , Kido Koichi , Noro Daisuke , Oikawa Masaaki , Hosogoe Shogo , Tokui Noriko , Yamamoto Hayato , Narita Shintaro , Ito Hiroyuki , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Kawaguchi Toshiaki , Habuchi Tomonori , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the efficacy and safety of first‐line nivolumab plus ipilimumab for patients treated with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 52 metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients who were treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab between August 2015 and January 2020. Data on patient characteristics, treatment parameters and adverse events were obtained. Oncological outcomes were assessed according to the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium prognostic model. Furthermore, differences in treatment parameters between patients with objective response (responders) and non‐responders were compared.ResultsThe median age and follow‐up periods were 69 years and 8.2 months, respectively. The 1‐year progression‐free survival and overall survival rates were 55% and 75%, respectively. The objective response rate was 39%, and it was significantly different between the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium intermediate‐ and poor‐risk groups (52% vs 24%). We observed 36 (69%) any immune‐related adverse events, and 19 (37%) severe immune‐related adverse events (grades III–V). The International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium poor‐risk group and higher value of initial C‐reactive protein (≥1.0 mg/dL) were significantly associated with non‐responders. Patients with two factors (the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium poor‐risk group plus C‐reactive protein ≥1.0 mg/dL) had a significantly poor overall survival than those with none or a single factor.ConclusionsIn our experience, treatment response to nivolumab plus ipilimumab is comparable with that of the CheckMate 214 clinical trial, but the incidence of treatment‐related adverse events is lower. The International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium poor‐risk group and initial C‐reactive protein value might have a prognostic value for poor survival.
Using Algebraic Inequalities to Reduce Uncertainty and Risk
Authors: Todinov Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper discusses applications of the domain-independent method of algebraic inequalities, for reducing uncertainty and risk. Algebraic inequalities have been used for revealing the intrinsic reliability of competing systems and ranking the systems in terms of reliability in the absence of knowledge related to the reliabilities of their components. An algebraic inequality has also been used to establish the principle of the well-ordered parallel-series systems which, in turn, has been applied to maximize the reliability of common parallel-series systems. The paper introduces linking an abstract inequality to a real process by a meaningful interpretation of the variables entering the inequality and its left- and right-hand parts. The meaningful interpretation of a simple algebraic inequality led to a counterintuitive result. If two varieties of items are present in a large batch, the probability of selecting randomly two items of different variety is smaller than the probability of selecting randomly two items of the same variety.
Soot Emission Simulations of a Single Sector Model Combustor Using Incompletely Stirred Reactor Network Modeling
Authors: Gkantonas Savvas , Foale Jenna M. , Giusti Andrea , Mastorakos Epaminondas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe simulation of soot evolution is a problem of relevance for the development of low-emission aero-engine combustors. Apart from detailed CFD approaches, it is important to also develop models with modest computational cost so that a large number of geometries can be explored, especially in view of the need to predict engine-out soot particle size distributions (PSDs) to meet future regulations. This paper presents an approach based on Incompletely Stirred Reactor Network (ISRN) modeling that simplifies calculations, allowing for the use of very complex chemistry and soot models. The method relies on a network of incompletely stirred reactors (ISRs), which are inhomogeneous in terms of mixture fraction but characterized by homogeneous conditional averages, with the conditioning performed on the mixture fraction. The ISRN approach is demonstrated here for a single sector lean-burn model combustor operating on Jet-A1 fuel in pilot-only mode, for which detailed CFD and experimental data are available. Results show that reasonable accuracy is obtained at a significantly reduced computational cost. Real fuel chemistry and a detailed physicochemical sectional soot model are consequently employed to investigate the sensitivity of ISRN predictions to the chosen chemical mechanism and provide an estimate of the soot PSD at the combustor exit.
Case Study of the Puna Geothermal Power Plant and Proposed Retrofit H2S Gas Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Anderson Kevin R. , Yassine Wael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents modeling of the Puna Geothermal Venture as a case study in understanding how the technology of geothermal can by successfully implemented. The paper presents a review of the Puna Geothermal Venture specifications, followed by simulation results carried out using NREL SAM and RETSCREEN analysis tools in order to quantify the pertinent metrics associated with the geothermal powerplant by retrofitting its current capacity of 30 MW to 60 MW. The paper closes with a review of current state-of-the art H2S abatement strategies for geothermal power plants, and presents an outline of how these technologies can be implemented at the Puna Geothermal Venture.
The Importance of Renewable Energy Systems in Meeting Rising Energy Needs of Megacities in a Sustainable Way: Case Study of Greater Cairo
Authors: Abd Alla Sara , Bianco Vincenzo , Simoes Sofia G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Megacities are mainly located in developing countries and face challenges in building infrastructures to ensure modern and clean energy access to citizens while coping with lifestyle changes. This paper assesses the renewables impact on energy transition for megacities (supply and all demand sectors) using the Greater Cairo megacity as case study.
The MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES) model is applied to the Greater Cairo region to investigate how energy supply and demand will evolve till 2050, and what are the impacts in terms of final energy consumption, GHG emissions, as well as share of renewable energy sources consumption in total final energy consumption considering two different emissions mitigation caps, namely 50% and 80%.
Compared to the business as usual scenario, the final energy consumption decreases of 46 PJ and 57 PJ respectively in the scenarios with the CO2 cap of 50% and 80%. Besides, the TIMES-Greater Cairo shows that the fossil free energy options are limited and thus, in order to meet the emission cap, it is necessary to deploy more energy efficient technologies than in the scenarios without the cap. Transport is the sector with the higher CO2 emissions contribution and the optimization results show that it may lower the environmental impact of 28% by 2050 with the sole deployment of more efficient technologies.