bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Landfill Using Refraction Seismic Method in LIPI Area - Bandung
Authors: Syifa Resi Wasilatus , Sumardani Nur Ichsan , Dewi Nur Amalia , Febrianti Teti , Arifin Jauhari , Nuryadin Bebeh Wahid 
Published: August 2020

Research has been carried out using seismic refraction in the LIPI area - Bandung, which aims to determine the land of embankment in the area. Retrieval of field data was carried out using geometric Es-3000 tool along 46 meters with a spacing of 2 meters and a 7 shoot punch consisting of 2 phantom shoots beginning and ending. Data processing is done by the first step, namely by geometric editing so that data can be read by the computer. The inversion process is done by seismimager software which consists of pickwin to extract data and plotera for modeling the subsurface layer. The results of the data interpretation show the P wave velocity from 315 - 435 m / s. layer grouping based on P wave velocity is at the first color layer having a wave velocity of about 315 - 342 m / s, the second color layer has a wave speed of 355-382 m / s, and the third color layer has a speed of 359 - 422 m / s and thick layer more than 435. Based on the lithological classification of subsurface rock layers, this study area tends to have a layer of soil type with a depth of 5 meters, and can be said to be a layer of soil deposits because of the formation of soil structures that tend to be new
STUDI TEOLOGIS TERHADAP MAKNA UNGKAPAN “Aku Adalah” (ego eimi) MENURUT INJIL YOHANES
Authors: Sahari Gunar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract: This research is a theological study of the meaning of the phrase Jesus "ego eimi" or "I am" which appears seven times in the Gospel of John. By using a qualitative approach specifically to the literature review, the meaning is obtained. Actually this phrase would emphasize two urgent things, namely: about the divinity of Jesus and about Jesus' mission in the world.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini tentang studi teologis terhadap makna ungkapan Yesus “ego eimi” atau “Aku adalah” yang muncul tujuh kali dalam Injil Yohanes. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang secara spesifik kepada kajian pustaka, maka diperolehlah maknanya. Sebenarnya ungkapan ini hendak menekankan dua hal yang urgen, yakni: tentang keilahian Yesus dan tentang misi Yesus di dunia.
PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN TERHADAP TEOLOGI KEBENCANAAN DAN PERAN GEREJA DALAM MENGHADAPI PENDEMIC COVID 19
Authors: Tefbana Abraham , Rantung Djoys Anneke 
Published: August 2020

Abstrak
Artikel ini dimaksudkan untuk menjelaskan sebuah perspektif Pendidikan Agama Kristen terhadap Teologi Kebencanaan dan peran gereja. Penulis mendefenisikan dan berusaha menjelaskan mengenai bencana baik bencana alam maupun bencana non-alam dan factor-faktor penyebabnya. Selanjutnya menjelaskan perspektif Pendidikan Agama Kristen tentang pandemik covid 19 dan peran gereja-gereja dalam menghadapinya. Kajian ini dipandang perlu dan penting, sebagai pencerahan dan pembelajaran bagi masyarakat pada umumnya dan khususnya orang Kristen bahwa bencana merupakan bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari kehidupan manusia. Bahkan Alkitab menjelaskan tentang berbagai bencana terjadi dalam kehidupan umat pilihan Allah, sebagai bagian dari kehadiran Allah dalam mendidik dan menghukum umat-Nya.
Het ‘niet-fascistische leven’: identiteit, subjectiviteit, verzet
Authors: Cornelissen Lars 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

‘Non-Fascist Living’: Identity, Subjectivity, Resistance

This article explores a recent form of academic and artistic resistance to contemporary modalities of fascism. This form of resistance is premised upon the argument that fascism lodges itself in the deepest recesses of the self, manifesting as fascist desires and beliefs. As such, traces of fascism are present in everyone, including people who do not otherwise hold fascistic ideas. This position goes on to argue that any critic of fascism must accordingly identify and eradicate such traces inside her own subjectivity, by means of an ethics of ‘non-fascist living’. Critically examining the philosophical presuppositions of this position, the article asks what implicit conception of the subject and its relation to resistance is at work here. It brings this position into conversation with Michel Foucault, upon whose work it draws but whose understanding of resistance, it is argued, it reconceptualises. The article concludes by reflecting on the implications of this form of resistance for critical philosophical practice.
Heideggers geofilosofie
Authors: van Peperstraten Frans 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Heidegger’s geophilosophy

In Heidegger’s ‘Black Notebooks’, his geophilosophy, the fact that he attributes a crucial importance to different places, becomes more evident than in his other works. The effect of this geophilosophy is that ontological difference – the key point of Heidegger’s thinking – is mixed up with, or replaced by, ontic differences. If in Being and Time Dasein’s ‘ground’ is an openness to Being, later this word often refers to Germany as a specific country. In 1939, just before the start of World War II, Hölderlin’s view of the relationship between ‘the own’ and ‘the foreign’ inspires Heidegger to see the possibility of a complementary relationship between the German and the Russian people. During and after World War II, Heidegger’s criticism of ‘Western’ metaphysics is strongly colored by his hostility to England, France and the U.S.A. In response to metaphysical universalism he relates different types of it to specific regions on earth. Remarkably, his criticism of metaphysics brings him to both support and criticize the notion of race.
Sea surface temperature in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean over the Late Glacial and Holocene
Authors: Orme Lisa Claire , Crosta Xavier , Miettinen Arto , Divine Dmitry V. , Husum Katrine , Isaksson Elisabeth , Wacker Lukas , Mohan Rahul , Ther Olivier , Ikehara Minoru 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Centennial- and millennial-scale variability of Southern
Ocean temperature over the Holocene is poorly known, due to both short
instrumental records and sparsely distributed high-resolution temperature
reconstructions, with evidence for past temperature variations in the region
coming mainly from ice core records. Here we present a high-resolution
(∼60 year), diatom-based sea surface temperature (SST)
reconstruction from the western Indian sector of the Southern Ocean that
spans the interval 14.2 to 1.0 ka (calibrated kiloyears before present). During the late deglaciation, the new SST record shows cool temperatures at 14.2–12.9 ka and gradual warming between 12.9 and 11.6 ka in phase with atmospheric temperature evolution. This supports the evolution of the
Southern Ocean SST during the deglaciation being linked with a complex
combination of processes and drivers associated with reorganisations of
atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns. Specifically, we suggest that
Southern Ocean surface warming coincided, within the dating uncertainties,
with the reconstructed slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning
Circulation (AMOC), rising atmospheric CO2 levels, changes in the
southern westerly winds and enhanced upwelling. During the Holocene the
record shows warm and stable temperatures from 11.6 to 8.7 ka followed by a slight cooling and greater variability from 8.7 to 1 ka, with a
quasi-periodic variability of 200–260 years identified by spectral analysis. We suggest that the increased variability during the mid- to late Holocene reflects the establishment of centennial variability in SST connected with changes in the high-latitude atmospheric circulation and Southern Ocean convection.
A multirate mass transfer model to represent the interaction of multicomponent biogeochemical processes between surface water and hyporheic zones (SWAT-MRMT-R 1.0)
Authors: Fang Yilin , Chen Xingyuan , Gomez Velez Jesus , Zhang Xuesong , Duan Zhuoran , Hammond Glenn E. , Goldman Amy E. , Garayburu-Caruso Vanessa A. , Graham Emily B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Surface water quality along river corridors can be modulated by hyporheic zones (HZs) that are ubiquitous and biogeochemically active. Watershed management practices often ignore the potentially important role of HZs as a natural reactor. To investigate the effect of hydrological exchange and biogeochemical processes on the fate of nutrients in surface water and HZs, a novel model, SWAT-MRMT-R, was developed coupling the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) watershed model and the reaction module from a flow and reactive transport code (PFLOTRAN). SWAT-MRMT-R simulates concurrent nonlinear multicomponent biogeochemical reactions in both the channel water and its surrounding HZs, connecting the channel water and HZs through hyporheic exchanges using multirate mass transfer (MRMT) representation. Within the model, HZs are conceptualized as transient storage zones with distinguished exchange rates and residence times. The biogeochemical processes within HZs are different from those in the channel water. Hyporheic exchanges are modeled as multiple first-order mass transfers between the channel water and HZs. As a numerical example, SWAT-MRMT-R is applied to the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River, a large river in the United States, focusing on nitrate dynamics in the channel water. Major nitrate contaminants entering the Hanford Reach include those from the legacy waste, irrigation return flows (irrigation water that is not consumed by crops and runs off as point sources to the stream), and groundwater seepage resulting from irrigated agriculture. A two-step reaction sequence for denitrification and an aerobic respiration reaction is assumed to represent the biogeochemical transformations taking place within the HZs. The spatially variable hyporheic exchange rates and residence times in this example are estimated with the basin-scale Networks with EXchange and Subsurface Storage (NEXSS) model. Our simulation results show that (1), given a residence time distribution, how the exchange fluxes to HZs are approximated when using MRMT can significantly change the amount of nitrate consumption in HZs through denitrification and (2) source locations of nitrate have a different impact on surface water quality due to the spatially variable hyporheic exchanges.
Insights into the recurrent energetic eruptions that drive Awu, among the deadliest volcanoes on Earth
Authors: Bani Philipson ,   Kristianto, Kunrat Syegi , Syahbana Devy Kamil 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The little-known Awu volcano (Sangihe Islands, Indonesia) is among the
deadliest, with a cumulative death toll of 11 048. In less than 4 centuries, 18 eruptions were recorded, including two VEI 4 and three VEI 3 eruptions with worldwide impacts. The regional geodynamic setting is controlled by a divergent-double-subduction collision and an arc–arc collision. In that context, the slab stalls in the mantle, undergoes an increase in temperature, and becomes prone to melting, a process that sustained the magmatic supply. Awu also has the particularity of hosting alternatively and simultaneously a lava dome and a crater lake throughout its activity. The lava dome passively erupted through the crater lake and induced strong water evaporation from the crater. A conduit plug associated with this dome emplacement subsequently channeled the gas emission to the crater wall. However, with the lava dome cooling, the high annual rainfall eventually reconstituted the crater lake and created a hazardous situation on Awu. Indeed with a new magma injection, rapid pressure buildup may pulverize the conduit plug and the lava dome, allowing lake water injection and subsequent explosive water–magma interaction. The past vigorous eruptions are likely induced by these phenomena, possible scenarios for future events.
Menstruation: Is a Normal Phenomenon Perceived Normally in Early Adolescents: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Sancheti Poonam Vijay , Shinde Rupeshkumar Dattatray 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Most Indian women believe that menstruation contaminates the body and makes it unholy. With this background, present study was proposed.
Objectives: 1. To assess the effects of menstruation on routine activities in early adolescent girl students.

To describe the perceptions regarding menstruation in early adolescent girl students.

Methods: Present study was a cross sectional study carried out in slum and non-slum schools of a Sholapur city. Total study duration was 6. Total 172 school going adolescent girls were taken from slum and non-slum school each. Information regarding awareness, perceptions during menstruation was taken.
Results: Average correct score for perceptions regarding menstruation was 5.26 out of 8. 81.96% students used sanitary pads during their menstrual periods followed by 28 students used cotton cloth. 127 students missed playing sport activities while 123 missed normal daily activities. 35 students felt that they were a failure, during menstrual periods.
Conclusions: There are lacunae in knowledge and perception of girls regarding menstruation. The results reinforce need to encourage safe practices among the adolescent girls and bring them out of misconceptions, myths regarding menstruation. Menstruation affects self-esteem of girls.
Risk Assessment of Selenium and Boron Pollutants in Environment
Authors: Almutari Mohammad M. 
Published: August 2020

According to the literature, there are increasingly more scientific data regarding the environmental pollution of selenium(Se) and the boron(B). The purpose of this review is to give an overview of environmental pollutants for Se andB and the use of plants to alleviate worldwide problems associated with Se and B toxicity. Selenium is an essential element for many species, plant, as well as humans, but it is toxic at higher levels. Boron is relatively soluble in water and commonly causes environmental problems, especially for surface waters where most of the discarded B will end up. Using phytoremediation plants can address this problem. To prevent Se and B toxicity due to excess environmental Se or B, plants may be used to phytoremediate to take up Se and B from soil or water. Research in the past decades had provided a riches ofknowledge regarding the mechanisms by which plants uptake, metabolize, and accumulate Se or B. Moreover, environment studies have revealed the important effects for plantsuptake of Se or B and interactions with herbivores, pollinators, neighbouring vegetation.
Fatal Human Babesiosis in a Nine-Year Old Nigerian Girl
Authors: Ahmad Murtala Muhammad , Mohammed Yahaya , Jiya Nma Muhammed , Jibrin Baba , Zainu Sabitu Muhammad , Legbo Joy Fatima , Abubakar Fatima , Jimoh Ahmed Kolawole 
Published: August 2020

Background: Babesiosis is a rare emerging opportunistic disease in humans. It is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Babesia and transmitted by Ixodid tick vector. It is often incidentally diagnosed because of its rarity but may be severe or fatal in presentation, particularly in immunocompromised hosts.
Aim: To reportthe clinical presentationof a fatal case of human babesiosis in a nine-year old girlwith retroviral disease, in Sokoto, Northern Nigeria.
Case Report: A nine-year old girl presented with a month history of unremitting fever, cough and weight loss, There was no history of contact with someone with chronic cough and no diarrhoea. She was diagnosed to have retroviral disease (RVD) at age of three (3) years consequent to her mother’s positive test but only the mother was on antiretroviral treatment, due to the claim that the child had remained healthy. Review of her blood film during third week of admission revealed characteristic tetrads (maltese-cross formation) pathognomonic of babesial infection. She was started on anti-babesial treatment with quinine and clindamycin. She succumbed to the illness within second week of anti-babesial treatment.
Conclusion: This report suggested that babesiosis should be a high index of suspicion especially in immunocompromised patients with persistent fever.
Carbon Based Kajal Formulations: Antimicrobial Activity and Feasibility as a Semisolid Base for Ophthalmics
Authors: Randive Dheeraj S. , Bhinge Somnath D. , Jadhav Namdeo R. , Bhutkar Mangesh A. , Shirsat Mrunal K. 
Published: August 2020

Study aimed to prepare and evaluate carbon based kajal formulation and carry out its comparative evaluation with the marketed formulations of kajal.
Initially, carbon soot was deposited on Aloe vera mucilage spreaded on a copper plate, in specifically designed apparatus. Subsequently, sun dried plate was allowed to expose to the flame of cow ghee for 1 hr. Soot which was deposited on the copper plate was scrapped and Characterization of Soot by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD and EDX was carried out and kajal was prepared by adding few drops of cow ghee to it. The kajal was compared with the five marketed kajal formulations available in India, on the basis of physical characteristics their antibacterial potential was also assessed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
All the formulations exhibited almost similar physical characteristics. The prepared kajal showed pH (7.06±0.13). The antimicrobial activity of the marketed formulations was comparatively less than that of freshly prepared exhibiting zone of inhibition 13.05±0.11, 20.08± 0.13 and 22.06±0.18 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli respectively. EDX spectra, revealed that the cow ghee soot have the weight percentage of carbon and copper as 79.20 and 17.10% respectively and Confirmed the absence of Lead (Pb). The eye irritation test (OECD 405) also showed no any irritation, redness, watering of the eye or swelling was not observed for prepared formulation in test animal. Prepared Kajal can be safely used for beatification and also in the treatment of eye diseases especially in pediatrics.
Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bouaké, Côte D´Ivoire
Authors: Diarrassouba A. , Toure S. F. , Karidioula Y. L. C. , Konan A. M. , Traoré A. , Monemo P. , Anoh E. A. , Karidioula S. , Tadet J. O. N. , Adon S. D. , Asse R. , Koffi C. Akoua- 
Published: August 2020

Aim: Determine the prevalence of serological markers and identify risk factors associated with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection in patients screened at the Bouake teaching hospital.
Study Design: Retrospective cross sectional study was conducted
Study Site and Period: Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory/Bouake teaching hospital, Côte d´Ivoire, from April 2016 to January 2018.
Methodology: In all 1076 study participants, venous blood sample was collected and screened for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), by electrochemical-luminescence following the manufacturer protocols. Additionally, questionnaires were used to collect information regarding sociodemographic variables and possible risk factors for hepatitis B infection. Data were processed and analyzed using EPI INFO 7 software.
Results: A total of 1076 participants were included in this study with a median age of 30.0 years (range: 3 months; 82 years). Of which, 514 (48%) were female and 562 (52%) were male with female / male ratio 1.09. HBsAg was detected in 24,3% of participants and 82 1 (76,3%) were exposed to the risk of HBV infection (anti-HBc positive). High rate of HBV infection was detected in male (27.93%) (p=0.003). The age group of 15–45 years were more infected (27.18%) (p<0.0001). The detection rate of HBe antigen (HBeAg), anti-HBe and anti-HBc (total antibodies) were respectively 12%; 86% and 7%. Of 938 participants who were not vaccinated against HBV, 240 (25.58%) were HBsAg-positive. HBV vaccine uptake was protective against HBV infection (AOR =0.580; 95% CI 0.359-0.938; p=0.024).
Conclusion: The rate of carriage of HBs antigen was higer than national rate, which confirms that Bouake is a highly endemic area for HBV infection. Vaccination against Hepatitis B virus is the only way to prevent and to fight effectively against this infection. It is therefore important to encourage the screening and vaccination in the general population.
Congenital Rubella Infections among the Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Sattar Madiha , Ibrahim Urooj , Ilyas Sehrish , Bibi Safia , Fatima Ghulam 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Rubella virus is an important human pathogen that causes an acute and contagious disease known as rubella and also, causes congenital rubella syndrome more commonly occur during the first trimester of pregnancy. The incidence of CRS varies in different populations and the highest burden found in developing countries where rubella vaccination is not included in their national immunization programs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the burden of CRS-related birth defects and its incidence in the pre-vaccine era in Karachi Pakistan.
Objective: The aim of the study to determine the rate of congenital rubella infection among the pregnant women at a Tertiary Care Hospital.
Methods: The retrospective descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in different departments of Dr Ruth PFAU Civil Hospital Karachi, including Eye OPD and Pediatric units from Jan 2016 till December 2019. The medical records of clinically suspected infants or confirmed cases were reviewed. The confirmed cases were positive for maternal IgM rubella antibodies and tested by ELISA (Enzyme Linked immunosorbant assay) where as the rubella IgM antibodies in suspected infants were lost to follow. Inclusion criteria were infants admitted less than or equal to 1 year of age with history of either congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma, pigmented retinopathy, congenital heart defects like (patent ductus arteriosus, periphery pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defects), hearing impairment, deafness or microcephaly were included in the study.
Results: Out of total 142 infants that were admitted in the hospital during 4 years period from 2016 to 2019 only 7 (4.93%) infants were diagnosed as confirmed cases of congenital rubella infection where as 14 (9.86%) infants were found to be clinically suspected. The ocular manifestation were more common among 6 infants which presented with cataract (85.7%) and 2 infants presented with pigmented retinopathy (28.6%). Besides this other manifestations like developmental delay were seen in only 2 patients DD (28.6%) and 3 infants presented with congenital heart diseases CHD (42.9%). The combinations of clinical features of congenital heart defect with cataract and developmental delay were seen in only 1 infant whereas cataract with pigmented retinopathy and developmental delay was seen in 1 infant and 2 infants presented with combination of congenital heart defects and cataracts.
Conclusion: Our study reported the rate of congenital rubella infection was 4.93% in a four years study period. Therefore, with a rising trend in congenital rubella infections in the last past years there is a need to built strong surveillance system and to introduce a childhood immunization in the national immunization program to eliminate the Rubella infection.