bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting tumor cell-derived CCL2 as a strategy to overcome Bevacizumab resistance in ETV5+ colorectal cancer
Authors: Feng Haoran , Liu Kun , Shen Xiaonan , Liang Juyong , Wang Changgang , Qiu Weihua , Cheng Xi , Zhao Ren 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn our previous study, ETV5 mediated-angiogenesis was demonstrated to be dependent upon the PDGF-BB/PDGFR-β/Src/STAT3/VEGFA pathway in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the ability of ETV5 to affect the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy in CRC requires further investigation. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and a series of experiments were performed to identify the critical candidate gene involved in Bevacizumab resistance. Furthermore, the ability of treatment targeting the candidate gene to enhance Bevacizumab sensitivity in vitro and in vivo was investigated. Our results revealed that ETV5 directly bound to the VEGFA promoter to promote translation of VEGFA. However, according to in vitro and in vivo experiments, ETV5 unexpectedly accelerated antiVEGF therapy (Bevacizumab) resistance. GSEA and additional assays confirmed that ETV5 could promote angiogenesis by inducing the secretion of another tumor angiogenesis factor (CCL2) in CRC cells to facilitate Bevacizumab resistance. Mechanistically, ETV5 upregulated CCL2 by activating STAT3 to facilitate binding with the CCL2 promoter. ETV5 induced-VEGFA translation and CCL2 secretion were mutually independent mechanisms, that induced angiogenesis by activating the PI3K/AKT and p38/MAPK signaling pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In CRC tissues, ETV5 protein levels were positively associated with CD31, CCL2, and VEGFA protein expression. CRC patients possessing high expression of ETV5/VEGFA or ETV5/CCL2 exhibited a poorer prognosis compared to that of other patients. Combined antiCCL2 and antiVEGFA (Bevacizumab) treatment could inhibit tumor angiogenesis and growth more effectively than single treatments in CRCs with high expression of ETV5 (ETV5+ CRCs). In conclusion, our results not only revealed ETV5 as a novel biomarker for anti-angiogenic therapy, but also indicated a potential combined therapy strategy that involved in targeting of both CCL2 and VEGFA in ETV5+ CRC.
Estimation of pulsatile flow and differential pressure based on multi‐layer perceptron using an axial flow blood pump
Authors: Caixin Dang , Shuai Wang , Zheqin Yu , Weiqiang Wu , Kun Wu , Jianping Tan 
Published: October 2020

This study proposes a non‐invasive method for estimating the pulsating flow and pressure difference, which uses the blood pump estimation model based on a multi‐layer perceptron to calculate the flow and pressure difference under pulsating conditions. The model takes 11 parameters such as the rotational speed, power, and pulsation waveform of the blood pump as the input and uses the pressure difference and flow as the output. The experimental results of 119,590 sample data show that the flow error of the training set of the blood pump estimation model is 0.14 l/min and the pressure difference error is 7.50 mmHg; the flow error of the test set is 0.14 l/min and the pressure difference error is 7.50 mmHg. Compared with the traditional flow and pressure prediction method, this method has higher precision, which will provide a certain technical accumulation for accurately estimating the flow and pressure difference of the blood pump in the pulsating conditions.
Special equipment for processing inner holes in bending section of the main pipeline in nuclear power plant
Authors: Zhang Wenwu , Wang Jingbo , Xu Guangchen , Qian Lin 
Published: October 2020

Because of the special forging material and complex pipe structure of the main pipe of the AP1000 nuclear power plant, a single general equipment can not meet the requirements of machining the inner hole of the bending section. At present, most of them adopt the method of approaching theoretical dimension by manual grinding, which makes the labor intensity of workers large, the work cycle is long, and it is difficult to ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece. In view of the practical difficulties in processing the elbow inner hole of nuclear power main pipeline, the copying processing equipment is designed. The fixed circular arc guide rail is used in the equipment. The arc curvature of the guide rail is the same as that of the workpiece. The boring cutter head moves axially along the fixed circular arc curvature guide rail for copying boring. After testing, it fully meets the requirements of the shape, position and size accuracy of the inner hole in the bending section of the nuclear power main pipeline. The method is efficient, accurate and innovative, and provides reference for similar product processing schemes.
Precise radial velocities of giant stars
Authors: Pinto Marcelo Tala , Reffert Sabine , Quirrenbach Andreas , Stock Stephan , Trifonov Trifon , Mitchell David S. 
Published: October 2020

Context. More than 100 exoplanets have been discovered around K and G giant stars, and their properties differ considerably from those of the planets found orbiting Sun-like and late-type main-sequence stars. This allows us to study the properties of planetary systems after the host star has evolved off the main-sequence, and it helps us to constrain planetary formation and evolution models.
Aims. Our aim is to find out whether the long-period radial velocity variations observed in four giant stars of the Lick survey are caused by orbiting planets, and to study the properties of the planet population as a function of the stellar evolutionary stage.
Methods. We analyzed 12 yr of precise radial velocity data for four stars of the Lick sample. In addition, we compared the planet frequency as a function of the evolutionary stage for two surveys, Lick and Express, based on the evolutionary stages derived using Bayesian inference.
Results. We report the discovery of two new exoplanets and three exoplanet candidates orbiting giant stars. The best Keplerian fits to the data yield minimum masses of 2.5 MJ and 4.3 MJ for the planets orbiting HD 25723 and 17 Sco, respectively. The minimum masses of an additional candidate around HD 25723, and of planet candidates around 3 Cnc and 44 UMa, would be 1.3 MJ, 20.7 MJ, and 12.1 MJ, respectively. In addition, we compute planet frequencies for the Lick and Express samples as a function of the evolutionary stage. Within each sample, the planet frequency for the horizontal branch stars is the same as for the red giant branch stars.
Conclusions. We have discovered two new exoplanets and three new exoplanet candidates, one of them being the second planet in a possible multi-planetary system. Based on our derived planet frequencies, we conclude that stellar evolution does not affect the number of observable planets between the red-giant and horizontal-branch evolutionary stages.
Extended photometric survey of near-Earth objects
Authors: Ieva S. , Dotto E. , Mazzotta Epifani E. , Perna D. , Fanasca C. , Lazzarin M. , Bertini I. , Petropoulou V. , Rossi A. , Micheli M. , Perozzi E. 
Published: October 2020

Context. The near-Earth objects (NEOs), whose proximity makes them the most accessible bodies in the Solar System, allow us to sample asteroids from tens of kilometers down to objects of a few meters in size. However, while the physical properties for the largest bodies are mostly known, we have very little physical information regarding the small NEOs. These objects today represent the overall majority among the ~2500 new discoveries each year, but they are usually only bright enough to be observable during their close approaches.
Aims. Our aim was to extend our survey that started in 2015 on the NEO population, using ground-based observations to characterize the fainter (and typically smaller) NEOs observable each night.
Methods. We performed BVRIz photometry of NEOs, making use of the DOLORES instrument at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG, La Palma, Spain) and the Asiago Schmidt telescope (Italy), in order to derive visible color indexes and the taxonomic classification for each target in our sample.
Results. We taxonomically classified 51 new NEOs for the first time. Together with data obtained in our previous work and collected by other surveys available online, we analyzed an extended sample of 1081 individual NEOs. While the overall majority of them belong to the S-complex, our analysis of the taxonomic distribution found a larger contribution for dark bodies going toward larger H, suggesting that they could be more abundant among the fainter NEOs. Moreover, we find an interesting correlation between semi-major axis and diameter, which could be in part related to the Yarkovsky effect. Rapid characterization of the fainter NEO population shortly after their discovery will be crucial in the future, before those bodies become too faint to be observed, or lost forever.
Long-Term Antithrombotic Treatments Prescribed for Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients with Hemophilia: Results from the French Registry
Authors: Guillet Benoît , Cayla Guillaume , Lebreton Aurélien , Trillot Nathalie , Wibaut Bénédicte , Falaise Céline , Castet Sabine , Gautier Philippe , Claeyssens Ségolène , Schved Jean-François 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major issue in aging patients with hemophilia (PWHs). Antithrombotic agents are widely used in the general population for CVD treatment, but this recommendation is not fully applicable to PWHs. To improve treatment strategies, a prospective case–control study (COCHE) that analyzed CVD management and follow-up (2 years/patient) in PWHs was performed in France from 2011 to 2018. In total, 68 PWHs (median age: 65 years [39–89]; 48 mild, 10 moderate, and 10 severe hemophilia) were included (n = 50 with acute coronary syndrome, n = 17 with atrial fibrillation, n = 1 with both). They were matched with 68 control PWHs without antithrombotic treatment. In our series, bleeding was significantly influenced by (1) hemophilia severity, with a mean annualized bleeding ratio significantly higher in COCHE patients than in controls with basal clotting factor level up to 20%, (2) antihemorrhagic regimen (on-demand vs. prophylaxis) in severe (hazard ratio [HR] = 16.69 [95% confidence interval, CI: 8.2–47.26]; p < 0.0001) and moderate hemophilia (HR = 42.43 [95% CI: 1.86–966.1]; p = 0.0028), (3) type of antithrombotic treatment in mild hemophilia, with a significantly higher risk of bleeding in COCHE patients than in controls for dual-pathway therapy (HR = 15.64 [95% CI: 1.57–115.8]; p = 0.019), anticoagulant drugs alone (HR = 9.91 [95% CI: 1.34–73.47]; p = 0.0248), dual antiplatelet therapy (HR = 5.31 [95% CI: 1.23–22.92]; p = 0.0252), and single antiplatelet therapy (HR = 3.76 [95% CI: 1.13–12.55]; p = 0.0313); and (4) HAS-BLED score ≥3 (odds ratio [OR] = 33 [95% CI: 1.43–761.2]; p = 0.0065). Gastrointestinal bleeding was also significantly higher in COCHE patients than in controls (OR = 15 [95% CI: 1.84–268]; p = 0.0141). The COCHE study confirmed that antithrombotic treatments in PWHs are associated with increased bleeding rates in function of hemophilia-specific factors and also of known factors in the general population.
Venous Thromboembolism in COVID-19
Authors: Schulman Sam , Hu Yu , Konstantinides Stavros 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is our latest pandemic, preceded by the H1N1 swine flu in 2009, which lasted approximately 19 months. One of the special characteristics of COVID-19 is the propensity to cause venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thromboinflammation seems to play a prominent role in the pathogenesis. We will here review some mechanisms in the pathogenesis and discuss some hematological biomarkers, and also whether they serve as useful risk factors for VTE. The role of general risk assessment models for medically ill patients specifically in COVID-19 is appraised. The type of prophylaxis and particularly whether standard or augmented doses of chemoprophylaxis should be used is reviewed based on available evidence. We are also comparing recommendations from 10 different guidance or position/consensus statements. Treatment recommendations for patients with COVID-19 and pulmonary embolism are discussed with current general treatment guidelines as reference. Specifics for patients with COVID-19 are pointed out and the potential role of thrombolytic treatment is explored.
Simple transformations capture auditory input to cortex
Authors: Rahman Monzilur , Willmore Ben D. B. , King Andrew J. , Harper Nicol S. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Sensory systems are extremely complex, with diverse neurons and connections. However, this does not necessarily imply that the computations performed by these systems are also as complex. Here we examine the impact of processing in the ear and subcortical pathway on neural responses to natural sounds in the auditory cortex. We find that this can be described more consistently using simple spectral models. This suggests that there may be an underlying simplicity to the signal transformation from ear to cortex that is hidden among the detail. This hidden simplicity may be a feature of other sensory systems too.
Nearly free surface silanols are the critical molecular moieties that initiate the toxicity of silica particles
Authors: Pavan Cristina , Santalucia Rosangela , Leinardi Riccardo , Fabbiani Marco , Yakoub Yousof , Uwambayinema Francine , Ugliengo Piero , Tomatis Maura , Martra Gianmario , Turci Francesco , Lison Dominique , Fubini Bice 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Silica particles with a population of nearly free silanols damage cellular membranes and initiate inflammatory reactions. Nearly free silanols are found on the surface of both fractured quartz and amorphous silica particles, and their occurrence initiates the toxicity of silica, thus revisiting the ancient paradigm whereby crystallinity is critical for silica toxicity. This finding resolves the lingering questions about the origin and the variability of the toxicity of silica particles. The discovery of the biological activity of nearly free silanols opens perspectives for the prevention of silicosis through a safer-by-design approach, and will have an impact on other fields that involve interfacial phenomena, including biomaterial design, nanofabrication, and catalysis.
HLA tapasin independence: broader peptide repertoire and HIV control
Authors: Bashirova Arman A. , Viard Mathias , Naranbhai Vivek , Grifoni Alba , Garcia-Beltran Wilfredo , Akdag Marjan , Yuki Yuko , Gao Xiaojiang , O’hUigin Colm , Raghavan Malini , Wolinsky Steven , Bream Jay H. , Duggal Priya , Martinson Jeremy , Michael Nelson L. , Kirk Gregory D. , Buchbinder Susan P. , Haas David , Goedert James J. , Deeks Steven G. , Fellay Jacques , Walker Bruce , Goulder Philip , Cresswell Peter , Elliott Tim , Sette Alessandro , Carlson Jonathan , Carrington Mary 
Published: October 2020

SignificanceHLA class I molecules bind antigenic peptides and present them on the cell surface to cytotoxic T cells to initiate immune responses. The peptide selection process occurs intracellularly with the aid of a molecule called tapasin. HLA class I molecules are highly variable, which influences their structural characteristics and the level of tapasin involvement in peptide selection. We measured tapasin dependence levels of nearly 100 HLA variants and found that the level of tapasin dependence negatively correlates with the number of peptides that the HLA class I molecule presents to T cells, thereby affecting breadth of the immune response. Analysis of HLA genotypes in HIV cohorts reveals that greater tapasin independence associates with slower disease progression and lower viral load.
A framework for effective knowledge translation and performance delivery of Sport Scientists in professional sport
Authors: Bartlett Jonathan D. , Drust Barry 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSport Science is considered the study and application of scientific principles and techniques to improve sporting performance. Thus, a key role of the Sport Scientist is to translate complex information into usable and contextual performance solutions for a range of different stakeholders. These stakeholders consist of athletes, coaches, recruiting, performance support, medical, administration and operations staff and have varying interests and priorities meaning the information required can be vastly different. In addition to these different needs, sport is fast‐moving, diverse and complex meaning there are a number of potential translational barriers. Sport Science training programmes entail the development of technical knowledge and practical skills; however, little is considered in view of interpersonal craft skill development and knowledge translation (KT). Given the reported barriers and challenges to effective KT in sport, this lack of specific training may render KT as ineffective and suboptimal. Accordingly, in this article, we propose a framework and work‐based training model with the aim of developing the KT process and performance delivery of Sport Scientists operating in professional sport. Firstly, we define the current perspectives and challenges for Sport Scientists in the context of KT, before proposing a framework that focusses on Evidence‐Based‐Practice, Philosophy, Recipients and Facilitation, in which Sport Scientists can use to develop their interpersonal craft and subsequent KT approach. We finish by presenting a model of sport science practitioner training; the professional sport‐doctoral training programme, that combined with the framework, can be effective in developing Sport Scientists.
On the differential geometry of numerical schemes and weak solutions of functional equations
Authors: Magnot Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We exhibit differential geometric structures that arise in numerical methods, based on the construction of Cauchy sequences, that are currently used to prove explicitly the existence of weak solutions to functional equations. We describe the geometric framework, highlight several examples and describe how two well-known proofs fit with our setting. The first one is a re-interpretation of the classical proof of an implicit functions theorem in an inverse limit of branch setting, for which our setting enables us to state an implicit functions theorem without additional norm estimates, and the second one is the finite element method of a Dirichlet problem where the set of triangulations appears as a smooth set of parameters. In both cases, smooth dependence on the set of parameters is established. Before that, we develop the necessary theoretical tools, namely the notion of Cauchy diffeology on spaces of Cauchy sequences and a new generalization of the notion of tangent space to a diffeological space.
Upgrading and reuse of glass fibre recycled from end-of-life composites
Authors: Thomason J L , Yang L , Pender K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The value of recycled glass fibres is significantly reduced due to the loss of fibre strength and surface functionality that occurs during recycling. Results are presented from the ReCoVeR project on the regeneration of the strength of thermally conditioned glass fibres. Thermal recycling of end-of-life glass fibre reinforced composites or composite manufacturing waste delivers fibres with virtually no residual strength or value. Composites produced from such fibres also have extremely poor mechanical performance. Data is presented showing that a short hot alkali treatment of glass fibres which have been heat treated at typical composite recycling temperatures can more than triple their strength and restore their ability to act as an effective reinforcement in second life composite materials. Glass fibre recovered from fluidised bed recycling of composite materials exhibited much greater levels of mechanical abrasion damage. However, the strength of these fibres could also be increased to levels required in composite reinforcement by longer or more aggressive alkali treatment. The implications of these results for real materials reuse of recycled glass fibres as replacement for pristine reinforcement fibres are discussed.
Numerical and experimental analyses in composites processing: impregnation, heat transfer, resin cure and residual stresses
Authors: Bo Salling Filip , Sandberg Michael , Spangenberg Jon , Hattel Jesper H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This is a literature review of the published scientific results by the authors on numerical modelling and experimental characterization of composites processing with a focus on the resin injection pultrusion (RIP) process. Differential scanning calorimetry is used to obtain cure kinetic parameters for an epoxy resin system. The cure kinetic parameters are used for thermo-chemical simulations of the RIP process which are subsequently validated by temperature measurements. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) are used to characterize the microstructure of a glass fiber reinforced polyurethane profile. SEM was used to obtain the variation in cross-sectional fiber volume fraction and subsequently relating this variation to permeability. XCT was used to obtain individual fiber inclination and relating these inclinations to the observed reduction in longitudinal stiffness as proposed in literature by Herbert Krenchel. Considering multi-physics modelling of the RIP process two new state-of-the-art approaches are summarized in this work: i) a coupled flow-thermo-chemical model necessary for thick-section profiles, and ii) a steady state 3D-Eulerian approach for thermo-chemical-mechanical simulations showing a significant increase in computational performance compared with the traditional Lagrangian approach. Finally a study by Mortensen et al., on how to minimize residual stresses by minimizing the gelation temperature is reviewed.
Blade materials selection influence on sustainability: a case study through LCA
Authors: Chiesura G , Stecher H , Pagh Jensen J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study, the environmental influence that blade materials have on the entire wind turbine lifecycle is considered. In order to quantify and compare the effects that a specific material’s choice has with respect to one another, Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools are used. Specific focus is addressed on aspects related to the wind turbine rotor-blade and how that affects the whole turbine. The blade lifecycle is divided into five main stages: (1) raw material sourcing, (2) blade manufacturing, (3) blade installation, (4) Operation and Maintenance (O&M) and (5) End-of-Life (EoL). Materials sourcing is found responsible for the largest contribution in Green House Gas (GHG) emission in the turbine and blade lifecycle. Particularly, a case study on a representative blade production in Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy (SGRE) is disclosed and compared to a hypothetical blade production where a recyclable resin system is being used. The lifecycle assessment shows a 28% reduced amount of GHG emissions when the recyclable resin system is employed. By employing such resin system most of blade materials could be separated and re-used at the blade EoL, enabling a 90% blade recycling rate. An even greater advantage of achieving blade circularity is therefore envisioned.