bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A viscous switch for liquid-liquid dewetting
Authors: Edwards A. M. J. , Ledesma-Aguilar R. , Newton M. I. , Brown C. V. , McHale G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe spontaneous dewetting of a liquid film from a solid surface occurs in many important processes, such as printing and microscale patterning. Experience suggests that dewetting occurs faster on surfaces of higher film repellency. Here, we show how, unexpectedly, a surrounding viscous phase can switch the overall dewetting speed so that films retract slower with increasing surface repellency. We present experiments and a hydrodynamic theory covering five decades of the viscosity ratio between the film and the surrounding phase. The timescale of dewetting is controlled by the geometry of the liquid-liquid interface close to the contact line and the viscosity ratio. At small viscosity ratio, dewetting is slower on low film-repellency surfaces due to a high dissipation at the edge of the receding film. This situation is reversed at high viscosity ratios, leading to a slower dewetting on high film-repellency surfaces due to the increased dissipation of the advancing surrounding phase.
Prolonged use of finasteride-induced gonadal sex steroids alterations, DNA damage and menstrual bleeding in women
Authors: Albasher Gadah , Bin-Jumah May , Alfarraj Saleh , Al-Otibi Fatimah , Al-Sultan Nouf K. , Alarifi Saud , Alkahtani Saad , Alharthi Nahed S. , Al-Qahtani Wedad S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of prolonged use of finasteride on serum levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), estradiol (E2), progesterone, testosterone and androstenedione in women during the menstrual period. Further, to screen and compare the 5α-reductase activities through the expression of SRD5A1, SRD5A2 and AR gene and to determine the level of VEGF, VKOR and SAA gene expression and DNA damage. A total of 30 Saudi women aged between 25 and 35 years were enrolled in the study. The selected women were divided into two groups. The first group (n = 15) received 5 mg finasteride/day for prolonged period of one year and second group (n = 15) was taken as a healthy control. ELISA technique was used for measuring the serum levels of the targeted hormones, and Comet assay was used for checking the DNA integrity. Our findings revealed significant decrement of DHT, E2, progesterone and androstenedione levels and elevated levels of testosterone in group treated with daily oral doses of 5 mg finasteride/day compared with the control subjects. mRNA expression suggested that finasteride has concrete effects on the gene expression of the selected genes from the treated group in comparison with the control group. In addition, finasteride induced DNA damage, and heavy menstrual bleeding was noted in women treated with finasteride. In conclusion, the present findings revealed that finasteride has adverse health effects in women associated with gonadal sex steroids alterations, DNA damage and heavy menstrual bleeding with no consensus in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women.
Palliativmedizin meets Intensivmedizin
Authors: Ferner Marion , Nauck Friedemann , Laufenberg-Feldmann Rita 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Bedeutung moderner Intensivmedizin für schwerstkranke Patienten ist unbestritten. Dennoch stellt sich die Frage nach der Sinnhaftigkeit maximaler Intensivtherapie, wenn sie zwar eine Lebensverlängerung erreicht, aber die Lebensqualität stark beeinträchtigt. Mit dem Wissen und der Akzeptanz, realistische Therapieziele im Sinne des Patienten festzulegen, gewinnen palliativmedizinische Aspekte auf der Intensivstation zunehmend an Bedeutung.
Injury Occurrence in Male Handball Players and its Impact on Physical
Constitution
Authors: Salzer Saskia , Heansel Raffaela , Rey Julia , Maltry Laura , Holzgreve Fabian , Lampe Jasmin , Wanke Eileen M. , Groneberg David A. , Ohlendorf Daniela 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn male handball, limited knowledge exists about the body posture and postural
control in correlation to their injury occurrence and their impact on physical
constitution. 91 male handball players participated and were asked about playing
position and years, NSAIDs intake, sustained injuries and therapy duration. A
three-dimensional back scanner and a pressure measuring plate were used.
Shoulder injuries cause a differing scapular height and increase the vertebrae
rotation in correlation to playing years. Lower limb injuries lead to a decrease
on the Centre of Pressure (CoP) with growing game experience. Wing players show
the lowest injury risk. Lower limb and shoulder girdle are mostly affected
regarding the incidence of injuries. Pivot players suffer most injuries in the
lower limb area (59%), whereas wing players mostly have shoulder
injuries (19%). Being injured, 21% of the players continue
playing, 79% pause for a minimum of six months (25%). No
correlation can be determined between level of profession, use of NSAIDs and
body posture or postural control. Playing position, employment situation or
NSAIDs have no influence on type of injury, body posture or postural control.
While shoulder injuries can be recognized in the vertebrae area, lower limb
injuries can affect the CoP.
Antireflux mucosectomy band in treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a pilot study for safety, feasibility and symptom control
Authors: Monino Laurent , Gonzalez Jean-Michel , Vitton Véronique , Barthet Marc 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Antireflux mucosectomy band ligation (ARM-b) is an endoscopic procedure that mimics a fundoplication for managing gastroesophoageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of this study was to assess safety and feasibility of ARM-b.
Patients and methods This was a single-center study on consecutive patients operated between June 2017 and January 2019 with refractory GERD, confirmed with pH-metry and without motility disorder at high-resolution manometry. A piecemeal mucosectomy of three quarters of circumference of esophagogastric junction was performed using a band ligation system and a hexagonal snare. The primary objective was to assess procedural safety and feasibility. The secondary objective was to document the clinical improvement at 3 and 6 months based on patient satisfaction, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) intake, symptoms, and quality of life scores.
Results Twenty-onepatients (11 men) with mean age 56.9 ± 14.4 years were analyzed. The technical success rate was 100 % (mean duration 35 ± 11 min). Four patients (19 %) had mild adverse events: one delayed bleeding at Day 1 managed conservatively, and three dysphagia endoscopically managed. Mean follow-up was 10 ± 5 months. Decrease/discontinuation of PPI intake was 76 % at 3 months and 72 % at 6 months. Improvement in mean symptoms and quality of life scores (GERD-Q and GERD-HQL) were statistically significant. One patient required laparoscopic fundoplication after ARM-b failure without complication.
Conclusion ARM-b is safe, feasible, and symptom-effective for treating refractory GERD, and it can be performed in the ambulatory setting. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these promising outcomes.
Bilateral variations in the origin of testicular artery from renal artery - case report of a rare variant
Authors: Savithri P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBilateral variations in the origin of testicular arteries from renal arteries along with multiple renal arteries were observed in an embalmed middle aged male cadaver during routine dissection for the under graduates. Since the urogenital system has a complicated embryological development, the congenital anomalies and variations in these structures are common. Testicular arterial anatomy is important for testicular and renal surgeries. Anatomical variations of testicular arteries have been reported as 4.7%. Presence of aberrant renal arteries have been seen in 13-16% of cases only. Knowledge of variations in the renal vasculature is of importance not only for the surgeons but also for the radiologist, especially in the interventional and radiological investigations of abdominal region.
Congenital absence of the left thumb in a surviving twin - a genetic disorder
Authors: Sinha D N 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCongenital absence of left thumb with deformities of carpal bones in a twin bom adult woman is reported here. The subject is the only surviving twin aged forty years reported to the hospital with a complaint of weakness of left hand. On examination, left hand did not possess the thumb and appeared to be less muscular. A single prominent crease like Simian crease was noticed on the left palm without other features of Down’s syndrome. No radial pulse was palpable on the left side at its usual position on the wrist. Associated developmental anomalies of carpal bones and radius on left side were noted in radiograph: Scaphoid and lunate were shortened. Trapezoid was absent. Metacarpals were shorter and lower end of the radius was less expanded when compared to right side. Genetic disorders associated with twin pregnancy might have resulted in the absence of left thumb. Orthopaedic surgeons should be aware of these associations to avoid complications during surgery.
Correlative study of coronary dominance in human cadaveric hearts, foetal hearts and cine angiograms
Authors: Kannan Usha , Rao Sudha ,   Jeyapriya K,   Amirtha Ganesh B,   Anbalagan J
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: The term right or left dominance is used to describe which coronary branch irrigates the diaphragmatic surface of the heart. Since this concept is misleading, now that coronary artery which gives the posterior inter ventricular artery is considered as dominant one. Right coronary block in left dominance and left coronary block in right dominance are prone for less mortality. But right coronary block in right dominance and left coronary block in left dominance are prone for more mortality. In co-dominance either right or left coronary block are prone for less mortality. Hence a thorough knowledge of coronary dominance is essential for interventional cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons to plan proper intervention/ surgery for patients with coronary artery disease. The aim of the study was to study and compare the coronary dominance in hearts obtained from adult cadavers (30), still bom foetuses (10) and cine angiograms (30) done on symptomatic patients. Materials and methods : Adult and foetal cadaveric hearts were studied by dissection and painting method. Cine angiogram was done though radial /femoral artery. Results and conclusion: Out of 30 adult cadaveric hearts, 26 (86.66%) showed right dominance, 2 (6.66%) left dominance and 2 (6.66%) had co-dominance. Out of 10 foetal hearts, 7 (70%) showed right dominance, 1 (10%) had left dominance, and 2 (20%) had co-dominance. Out of 30 cine coronary angiograms done through radial/femoral artery, 21 (70%) showed right dominance, 5 (16.66%) had left dominance and 4 (13.33%) had co-dominance. These results were compared with similar studies and discussed.
The Current Understanding of Molecular Pathogenesis of Quantitative von Willebrand Disease, Types 1 and 3
Authors: Yadegari Hamideh , Oldenburg Johannes 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVon Willebrand disease (VWD), the most prevalent congenital bleeding disorder, arises from deficiencies in quantity or quality of von Willebrand factor (VWF). The quantitative deficiencies of VWF are considered to be either VWD type 1 (mild/moderate reduction of VWF) or type 3 (virtual absence of VWF). Following cloning of the VWF gene (VWF) in the 1980s, significant progress has been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of VWD. The genetic basis of type 3 VWD is well defined. VWF causative variations comprising predominantly null alleles have been identified in more than 85% of cases. In contrast, the molecular mechanisms in type 1 disease are only partially characterized. The VWF sequence variations, including mostly missense alterations, are found in only approximately 65% of type 1 VWD patients. It appears that genetic elements outside of VWF may contribute to the pathophysiology of type 1 VWD. This review discusses in detail the current understandings of the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms causing quantitative deficiencies of VWF.
Morphology of flexor digitorum brevis muscle in northern Tamil Nadu region-an anatomical study with phylogenetic perspective
Authors: Gugapriya T S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims : "Arches of foot" formed by the combination of skeletal and a muscular element is a unique feature of evolution as an adaptation to habitual erect posture in humans. Flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) is the most superficial intrinsic muscle of the sole that present with variations frequently. The objective of this study was to find out the pattern of presentation of FDB in northern Tamil Nadu region. Material and methods: Thirty soles of 12 male and three female embalmed cadavers were dissected and FDB was observed for variations. A comparative analysis was done with previous studies. Results: Twenty five soles showed absence of FDB tendon to little toe. Three soles confirmed to the classical book description. The soles of a 62 years old male cadaver presented with a variation of FDB. It showed a separate deep slip to the 5th toe arising from intermuscular septum and from long flexor tendon with the slip found to get inserted at the base of middle phalanx bilaterally. The incidence of 83.3% absence of FDB tendon to 5th toe in the present study was significantly higher when compared to many previous reports. Conclusion: Variations of FDB are clinically significant because FDB musculocutaneos flap is used in the reconstruction of the heel pad and FDB tendons are used in tendon transfer surgeries for claw or hammer toe deformities. The absence of FDB tendon to the 5th toe shows clustering around Asian region, which signifies possibility of occurrence of evolutionary changes in specific topographic region
Double superficial palmar arch - a case report
Authors: Gindha Gurbachan Singh , Aggarwal Bindu , Baidwan Sukhinder 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe superficial palmar arch is formed predominantly by the ulnar artery with a contribution from the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery. However, the arch formation is highly variable. The knowledge of the relationship, course and variations of the arch are important in various surgical procedures. Incomplete ligation of vessels in cases of variable arterial arch can lead to serious secondary hemorrhage in the depth of the wounds of hand. In the present study, a case of double superficial palmar arch is reported in the right hand of a male cadaver. The radio-ulnar type of arch had a proximal and a distal part from where the common palmar digital arteries arose.
Axillary arch: a variation of latissimus dorsi muscle
Authors: Joshi Mohini M , Wabale Rajendra N 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe axillary arch of Langer (Axillopectoral muscle) is the most common anatomical variant of the axillary musculature. During the dissection of a 63 year old male cadaver, an unusual muscle band was encountered bilaterally and identified as an axillary arch. We here describe the morphology and relationships of the axillary arch in the light of previous such reports. The knowledge of this muscle variation is important for the clinicians, with regards to its potential to cause significant iatrogenic functional defects. Anatomical variations of the axilla are of relevance to surgeons, neurologist, radiologists and cosmetic surgeons due to the increasing surgical importance of this region during axillary surgery for breast cancer, reconstruction procedures, and axillary bypass operations. It is important that surgeons operating in the axilla be aware of this common anatomic variant.
Variations in the course and branching pattern of musculocutaneous nerve
Authors: A. Amar Jayanthi , G. Arunkumar K 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aim: The variations in the course and communicating branches of musculocutaneous nerve is of clinical importance in the treatment of recurrent compression neuropathies and in the diagnosis of median nerve lesions. Most of the reports on anatomical variations of musculocutaneous nerve are single case studies and such studies with emphasis on gender difference in a sample of Keralite population are rarely reported. The objective of the present study is to observe the variations in the course of musculocutaneous nerve with special reference to communications with other nerves of the arm and to study the correlation between gender and variations of the nerve. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and sixty four arms were dissected in the department of Anatomy, Government medical college, Thrissur and studied for variations of muculocutaneous nerve. Analysis was done with epi info, using proportions, confidence interval and Chi Square test. The communications noted were classified using the available classifications of Le Minor, Venieratos and Anagnostopoulou and Choi et al. Results: Nerve variations were seen in 24.2 % cases which include, absence of the nerve (3.4%), nerve not piercing coracobrachialis (12.4%) and communication to median nerve (15.1 %). All the variations observed were statistically not significant. The embryological basis for the axonal pathfinding is considered as a result of both guidance molecules and electrical activity that change the calcium homeostasis within the growth cone to regulate growth cone turning. Conclusion: Variations that were observed in the present study may give sufficient and relevant data on the nerves, among Keralite population in which studies are few.
Cytological grading of breast carcinomas correlating with ultrasonographic findings, histopathologic grade and Her2neu oncogene status in women of age group thirty to sixty five years
Authors: Dowerah Ena , Talukdar K L 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is a malignant disease with a heterogeneous prognosis. It is the most common cancer in the urban Indian population. Women over 30 years of age are especially prone to develop this type of cancer. There are various prognostic factors that have been studied in invasive ductal carcinomas to predict the tumour behaviour. As fine needle aspiration cytology is an important investigation for diagnosis and grading of the tumour, preoperative evaluation of the tumour behaviour can be studied. Aim: The aim of the study was to diagnose and grade the tumours cytologically by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), to study the tumour behaviour by ultrasonography, by histo pathological examination and also to study the her2neu oncogene overexpression of the malignant tumours. Materials & methods: The present study was carried out in Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam from May, 2010 to July, 2012. The patients presenting with breast lumps were selected for the study. FNAC smears were stained by Papaniculaou and May Grunwald Giemsa stain. Ultrasonography of the breast lumps were done. Histopathological examination was done using the H & E stain. Immunohistochemical study was done to know the her2neu oncogene overexpression by the tumours. Results & observations: The age of patients with malignant tumours were found in the pre and perimenopausal age group. 48% of the malignant tumours were infiltrating duct carcinoma and of high grade. Her2neu overexpression was seen in 35% of the malignant tumours. Conclusion: A good correlation exists between the cyto-histopathologic grade of the tumours (85.3%), BIRADS 5 category on ultra sonography with histopathologic grade (98.5%) and her2neu oncogene overexpression along with histopathologic grade (93.3%). Therefore, cytological grading indicates an important prognostic marker to know the behaviour of breast carcinomas.
Variations in origin, course and termination of anterior interventricular artery
Authors: Das Hirak 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Coronary arteries are known for their wide variations which are not readily covered in the standard Anatomy textbooks. Unpreparedness about these variations can lead to diagnostic misinterpretations and therapeutic catastrophes. Therefore a thorough knowledge of the coronary anatomy with demographic variations is highly essential. The Anterior interventricular artery or Left Anterior Descending artery is one of the most common site of coronary infarction and has been named as 'the artery of coronary occlusion' and 'the artery of sudden death'. Therefore, this study is focused on the variations of this artery with special reference to its origin, course and termination. Materials and methods: One hundred hearts were studied, using standard methods of dissection. The anterior interventricular artery was dissected out and its origin, course and termination were noted. Results: The anterior interventricular artery originated as a terminal branch from the left coronary artery, descended along the anterior interventricular sulcus and terminated near the apex or up the posterior interventricular sulcus. It terminated anterior to the apex in 12%, 2-5 cm up the posterior interventricular sulcus in 57% and >5cm up the sulcus in 31 % cases. Conclusion: The present study contributes to the increasing database of coronary artery variations and would help clinicians in better understanding of coronary anatomy and in better patient management.
Patau syndrome - a case report
Authors: Saikia Bishwajeet , Das Bipul Kumar , Sarma Amitav 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPatau syndrome is a rare and one of the most severe forms of autosomal trisomies. Having a karyotype of trisomy 13, it is associated with high rate of pregnancy loss and poor infant survival rate. The incidence is 1 in 20,000 live births. The common features associated with Patau syndrome are mental retardation, congenital heart defects, cleft lip and palate, eye defects, polydactyly, scalp defects and holoprosencephaly. We report a newborn with most of the clinical features consistent with Patau syndrome. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique was used to determine the karyotype and confirm the diagnosis.
A case report of aponeurotic origin of rectus abdominis
Authors: Prabha Challa Ratna , Parimala Namburu Bhanu Sudha 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRectus abdominis is a long strap like muscle that extends along the entire length of anterior abdominal wall. Normally the rectus abdominis arises by two tendons. The larger lateral tendon attached to the crest of the pubis, pubic tubercle up to pectineal line. The medial tendon is attached to the pubic symphysis. The fleshy fibers of rectus abdominis replaced by aponeurosis below the umbilicus was found during the routine dissections of a middle aged female cadaver at Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Medical College, Chinnavutapalli, Andhra Pradesh, India. The knowledge of partial or complete absence of rectus abdominis and other anterior abdominal wall musculature is of immense importance for the General surgeon, Anatomist and the Gastroenterologist.
A study on supracondylar spur (process) of humerus - a case report
Authors: Mahima Sophia M. , R. Kalpana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe supracondylar spur of humerus is one of the rare anatomic variation of distal end of humerus. The overall incidence is 0.3-2.7 % of the general population, here the authors report a case of supracondylar spur of humerus that was observed during a study of 100 humeri. The spur was found in the antero-medial aspect of the left humerus, 5.4 cm above the medial epicondyle. It was triangular in shape and measured about 0.8 cm in length and was directed medially and forwards. The spur was 6.5 cm above the tip of the trochlea and 23.6 cm inferior to the highest point of head of humerus. A knowledge of this anatomic variation is essentially important for clinicians, surgeons and anaesthetists, as this spur if associated with Struthers' ligament will lead to a compression of the median nerve and the brachial artery. A knowledge of this variation is also important for the radiologists during image interpretation.