bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change in mean salt intake over time using 24-h urine versus overnight and spot urine samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Santos Joseph Alvin , Li Ka Chun , Huang Liping , Mclean Rachael , Petersen Kristina , Di Tanna Gian Luca , Webster Jacqui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the capacity of overnight and spot urine samples to estimate changes in mean salt intake over time. The objective of this review was to compare the estimates of change in mean population salt intake based on 24-h urine and overnight/spot urine samples.

Methods
Studies were systematically identified through searches of peer-reviewed databases (Medline, Embase, Global Health, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) and grey literature. Studies that reported estimates of mean salt intake for at least two time points based on both 24-h and overnight/spot urines were deemed eligible. The capacity of overnight/spot urine samples to estimate the change in mean salt intake was assessed both at the individual-study level and overall through random-effects meta-analyses. The level of heterogeneity was assessed through the I2 statistic. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore possible sources of heterogeneity, and check the robustness of the findings from the primary analysis.

Results
A total of 1244 records were identified, 50 were assessed as full text, and 14 studies met the criteria, capturing data on 7291 participants from seven countries. Nine and five studies collected overnight and spot urines, respectively. The comparison of the change in mean salt intake between 24-h and overnight/spot urines showed some inconsistencies at the individual study-level. The pooled mean change in salt intake was − 0.43 g/day (95% CI − 1.16 to 0.30; I2 = 95%) using 24-h urines, and − 0.22 g/day (− 0.65 to 0.20; I2 = 87%) using overnight/spot urines, with a pooled difference-in-differences between the two methods of 0.27 g/day (− 0.23 to 0.77; I2 = 89%). Subgroup analyses showed substantial heterogeneity for most subgroups. Sensitivity analyses did not change the effect observed in the primary analysis.

Conclusion
The evidence for the capacity of overnight/spot urines to estimate changes in mean salt intake over time is uncertain. More research where overnight/spot urines are collected in parallel with 24-h urines is needed to enable a more in-depth evaluation of these alternative approaches to estimating change in mean salt intake.
Predictive value of clinical toxicities of chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidines and oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer by DPYD and GSTP1 gene polymorphisms
Authors: Deng Xunwei , Hou Jingyuan , Deng Qiaoting , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundFluoropyrimidines and platinum are still widely used for colorectal cancer (CRC) management. Several studies have reported that mutations of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) and glutathione S-transferase pi-1 (GSTP1) polymorphisms are related to chemotherapy-related adverse events. In the present study, we purposed to assess the impact ofDPYDandGSTP1variants on the toxicity of adjuvant chemotherapy risk among the Hakka population, minimize adverse events, and to maximize therapy outcome for individualized treatment.MethodsGenotyping was examined in 104 patients diagnosed with CRC cases and receiving fluoropyrimidine and platinum drug-based chemotherapy regimen by direct sequencing ofDPYDandGSTP1polymorphisms. ThreeDPYDvariants including *2A, *5A, *9A, andGSTP1c.313A>G were analyzed and clinical outcomes were assessed.ResultsThe data suggest that the incidence ofDPYD*5A,DPYD*9A, andGSTP1c.313A>G variants were 38.4%, 24%, and 32.7%, respectively.DPYD*2Avariant was not found. A total of 23 patients (22.1%) suffered severe vomiting and 19 patients (18.3%) suffered severe anemia.DPYD*5Apolymorphism was found significantly associated with grade 3/4 ulceration (p= 0.001).GSTP1was determined to be an independent risk factor for severe vomiting and skin ulceration (p= 0.042 andp= 0.018, respectively). Patients withGSTP1c. 313A>G mutant type contributed to a higher risk for grade severe toxicity compared with wild genotype (p= 0.027). Nevertheless, no significant difference was found between patients withDPYD*2A,*5A, and*9Afor chemotherapeutic toxicity.ConclusionsThe results demonstrated thatGSTP1polymorphisms were useful predictors of severe events. Screening of single-nucleotide polymorphisms ofGSTP1in colorectal cancer patients before chemotherapy may help to realize personalized therapy.
Experiences of loneliness: a study protocol for a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative literature
Authors: McKenna-Plumley Phoebe E. , Groarke Jenny M. , Turner Rhiannon N. , Yang Keming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Loneliness is a highly prevalent, harmful, and aversive experience which is fundamentally subjective: social isolation alone cannot account for loneliness, and people can experience loneliness even with ample social connections. A number of studies have qualitatively explored experiences of loneliness; however, the research lacks a comprehensive overview of these experiences. We present a protocol for a study that will, for the first time, systematically review and synthesise the qualitative literature on experiences of loneliness in people of all ages from the general, non-clinical population. The aim is to offer a fine-grained look at experiences of loneliness across the lifespan.

Methods
We will search multiple electronic databases from their inception onwards: PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Scopus, Child Development & Adolescent Studies, Sociological Abstracts, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, CINAHL, and the Education Resource Information Center. Sources of grey literature will also be searched. We will include empirical studies published in English including any qualitative study design (e.g. interview, focus group). Studies should focus on individuals from non-clinical populations of any age who describe experiences of loneliness. All citations, abstracts, and full-text articles will be screened by one author with a second author ensuring consistency regarding inclusion. Potential conflicts will be resolved through discussion. Thematic synthesis will be used to synthesise this literature, and study quality will be assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. The planned review will be reported according to the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) statement.

Discussion
The growing body of research on loneliness predictors, outcomes, and interventions must be grounded in an understanding of the lived experience of loneliness. This systematic review and thematic synthesis will clarify how loneliness is subjectively experienced across the lifespan in the general population. This will allow for a more holistic understanding of the lived experience of loneliness which can inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers working in this important area.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020178105.
A longterm prospective follow-up study of resurfacing miniprosthesis suitable for patients above sixtyfive years with localized cartilage lesions or early osteoarthritis in the knee
Authors: Laursen Jens Ole , Lind Martin , Mogensen Christian Backer , Skjøt-Arkil Helene 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the study was to investigate the long-term outcomes of the Focal Femoral Condyle Resurfacing Prosthesis for treatment of localized cartilage lesion in patients > 65 years.MethodsThis was a prospective case series study. Non-reopererated patients initially treated with resurfacing condylar miniprothesis (HemiCAP/UniCAP) were evaluated clinically and radiographically at 7–10 years follow-up (mean 9 years). The clinical examination included the Knee Society Score (KSS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain score and EQ5D. The radiographic examination included the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade for investigate of OA progression. A comparison analysis of the preoperative and follow-up subjective outcome data and a Kaplan-Meier implant survival analysis were performed.ResultsTwenty-three patients were included in the study (9 HemiCAP and 14 UniCAP). There were seven revisions (one HemiCap and six UniCap respectively) (30%) and three patients had died. Follow-up examinations were performed on 10 patients. When comparing follow-up with the preoperative state, there were significant increases in the KSS objective (50.0 ± 8.3) vs. 90.0 ± 6.3)) and KSS function (45.0 ± 11.7) vs. 85.0 ± 4.7)) scores, a decrease in the pain VAS score (7.0 ± 0.9) vs. (4.0 ± 1.9)). Radiographic evaluation demonstrated increase in osteoarthritis development with a KL medial score (2.0 ± 0.6) and KL lateral score (1.4 ± 0.6) vs. (2.0 ± 0.9)).The EQ5D-score was 86 ± 8.4 and patients Health-score was 85 ± 18).ConclusionsResurfacing implant treatment for early OA in patients above 65 years can require revision to knee arthroplasty in 30% of patients. But in patients that are not revised long-term improvements in subjective clinical outcome was demonstrated. This suggests that even elderly patients with isolated cartilage lesions or early OA might benefit from the limited invasive resurfacing implant treatment.Level of evidenceIV
Association between genetic polymorphism of XRCC6 T-991C and risk of varicocele
Authors: Namvaran Mohammad Reza , Beyzaei Zahra , Mokhtari Mohammad Javad , Geramizadeh Bita 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The DNA non-homologous end-joining repair gene XRCC6 (Ku70) plays an essential role in the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repairs. Defects in the DSB repair pathway results in genomic instability. Varicocele is characterized by high pressure and stasis in the veins of the testis. There is little knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying varicocele. One of the reasons for increased spermatozoa DNA damage is high concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to DNA-DSBs. We assumed that a promoter T-991C (rs5751129) polymorphism in the XRCC6 gene was associated with susceptibility to varicocele in infertile men. Therefore, 63 infertile varicocele men and 150 healthy controls were recruited in our study. The healthy controls had no history of varicocele, and they were matched with patients by age.

Results
Our results showed that infertile varicocele patients and control groups had significant differences in the distribution of their genotypic and allelic frequency (p = 0.00) in the XRCC6 promoter T-991C polymorphism. Men who carried CC genotype had a 5.22-fold increased odds ratio of developing infertile varicocele compared to those who carried the wild-type TT genotype (95% CI 2.31–11.81, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our results suggested that the CC genotype and the C allele in the promoter region of XRCC6 gene might play an important role in developing infertility in the varicocele men. Further research is needed to provide the effect of this polymorphism.
Prospect of Judicial Preview in the Constitutional Court Based on the Construction of Constitutional Law
Authors: Akmal Diya Ul , Muin Fatkhul , Karsa Pipih Ludia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Constitutional Court is a state institution that has the authority to reviewing laws against the Constitution (Judicial Review). Several times in issuing its decisions, the Constitutional Court has acted as a Positive Legislator. The potential for a legal vacuum as the implication of revoking a law is large. and also the slow formation of laws by the legislative body (DPR) and the lack of quality of regulations. The current law making does not pay attention to legal ideals based on Pancasila so that the resulting legal products lose their meaning. This has resulted in many people whose constitutional rights have been violated. The state should be present to give full constitutional rights to its citizens. The Constitutional Court needs an additional authority to maintain the supremacy of the constitution. additional authority as a preventive mechanism is Judicial Preview. The French state places Judicial Preview as an authority of the Constitutional Council. Austria and Germany apply Judicial Preview as a preventive measure for losses that can occur if the Draft Law is passed. A renewal of the Constitutional Law to perfect existing ones makes the prospect of Judicial Preview in Indonesia an Urgency for immediate implementation.Keywords: Constitutional Court, Authority, Judicial Preview AbstrakMahkamah Konstitusi merupakan lembaga negara yang memiliki kewenangan pengujian Undang-Undang terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar (Judicial Review). Dalam mengeluarkan putusannya Mahkamah Konstitusi beberapa kali bertindak sebagai Positif Legislator. Potensi terjadinya kekosongan hukum sebagai implikasi dicabutnya suatu Undang-Undang sangatlah besar. Ditambah dengan lambatnya pembentukan Undang-Undang oleh lembaga legislatif (DPR) serta kualitas peraturan yang kurang. Pembuatan Undang-Undang saat ini tidak memperhatikan cita hukum yang berakar pada Pancasila sehingga produk hukum yang dihasilkan kehilangan maknanya. Hal ini mengakibatkan banyak masyarakat yang dilanggar hak konstitusionalnya. Negara seharusnya hadir untuk memberikan hak konstitusional secara penuh kepada warga negaranya. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut maka Mahkamah Konstitusi membutuhkan suatu kewenangan tambahan untuk menjaga tegaknya supremasi konstitusi. Kewenangan tambahan sebagai mekanisme preventif tersebut berupa Pengujian Rancangan Undang-Undang (Judicial Preview). Perancis menempatkan Judicial Preview sebagai kewenangan dari Constitutional Council. Austria dan Jerman juga memberlakukannya sebagai tindakan pencegahan. Pembangunan Hukum Konstitusi untuk menyempurnakan yang sudah ada menjadikan prospek Pengujian Rancangan Undang-Undang di Indonesia menjadi urgensi untuk segera diterapkan.Kata Kunci: Mahkamah Konstitusi, Kewenangan, Judicial Preview
Исламские Религиозные Объединения В Правовом, Политическом И Социальном Контексте России (Islamic Religious Associations In The Legal, Political and Social Context Of Russia)
Authors: Maulana Amy , Yavorsky Dmitry 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the activities of Islamic spiritual administrations in Russia. The method used in writing this article is a method of descriptive analysis using data from the literature. The results of the study show that the Spiritual administration of Muslims represents the interests of all Muslims in Russia. The spiritual administration of Muslims is increasingly promoting Islamic education in Russia. It represents the rights of Russian Muslims as citizens and helps to overcome religious extremism, terrorism, xenophobia and Islamophobia in Russia. Interaction between Islam and the state has become a priority. For the state, Islam in Russia is a valuable diplomacy abroad. In the future, the role of the spiritual administration of Muslims should be strengthened, strive for unity and cooperation between the Spiritual administration of Muslims, and give priority to the interests of Russian Muslims Keywords: Muslim spiritual administration, Russian Muslims
E-government within Public Administration.
Authors: Tsybulnyk Nelli Yuriivna , Zadoia Ivanna Ivanivna , Kurbatova Iryna Serhiyivna , Povydysh Volodymyrovych 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the article is to determine the nature, content and characteristic features of e-government, as well as to analyze its impact on the implementation of public administration. While writing the article the following methods were used: logical, semantic, method of documentary analysis and comparative legal. Specific features of modern models of e-government in the world have been analyzed; the expediency of introduction of the optimal model of the specified kind of government into the state system of Ukraine has been researched. The influence of modern high-tech means of e-government on the existing public administration systems in the world has been studied. Author has suggested own definitions of «e-government», «public administration» and «e-governance». Authors have defined the perspective directions of the development of this sphere, which need to be developed for the purpose of improving the general situation in the field of public administration. A comparative analysis was carried out with the leading countries in this field. Particular attention has been paid to the successful experience of developed foreign countries in organizing the process of e-government as a perspective form of public administration. Keywords: public administration, e-government, high technologies, administrative activity, modern means, effective strategies, legal regulation.
The Integrated Prevention Model for Marijuana Smuggling in Land Border Region of Indonesia-Papua Nugini (Case: Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, Papua Province)
Authors: Maya Heni Batara , Dermawan Mohammad Kemal , Susanti Vinitia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper describes the need for an effective preventive model in preventing the smuggling of marijuana in the Indonesia- Papua New Guinea land border area in Muara Tami District, Jayapura Papua. The model applied so far is an outward looking model where this model implements an integrated cross-border inspection, supervision and security. The unstructured interview approach and the Delphi method were used in this study so that accurate data was obtained that in practice, the current model used still did not look professional and integrated, namely between cross-border service officers, Police and defense, Ondoaffi. (traditional leaders), religious leaders and border communities in the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea region. In addition, the integration between Ministries / Institutions related to programs and budgets in order to prevent marijuana smuggling in the Indonesia-Papua New Guinea border area in Muara Tami District, Jayapura City, Papua Province is also still weak. The reason of people who choose to smuggle marijuana is because they do not feel guilty and think that it is a profitable job with a strong social network, the behavior that neutralizes themselves that carrying marijuana is not a crime. In addition, the existence of problems such as geographic, demographic and disturbance from armed crime groups (OPM) that have not received serious action are also factors related to the above problems. Based on this background, this dissertation provides a strategic step, contained several policy recommendations that can strengthen this model so that it is expected to be maximized and more efficient than the previous model.Keywords: The Indonesian-Papua New Guinea Border Area, Rational considerations of profit and loss, Organized Crime, Social Networks, Neutralization and Delphi Methods, Marijuana Smuggling Crime Prevention Models
Avaliação do Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde no Hospital Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Prudentópolis-PR
Authors: Mehl Helluany , Uehara Silvia Carla da Silva Andre , Veiga Tatiane Bonametti 
Published: December 2020

Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o Gerenciamento de Resíduos do Hospital Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia do município de Prudentópolis-PR. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo, foi aplicado um Questionário de Avaliação do Gerenciamento dos Resíduos em Hospitais (QAGRH) aos sujeitos responsáveis por cada setor no estabelecimento. Os critérios e subcritérios do QAGRH foram classificados e analisados segundo os resultados obtidos. O hospital obteve um resultado considerado bom para o gerenciamento, pois os critérios avaliados de Manejo de Resíduos Sólidos e Segurança e Saúde do trabalhador obtiveram uma classificação considerada boa e os critérios de Biossegurança e Sistema de Gestão obtiveram classificação excelente. Os problemas encontrados no gerenciamento do hospital concentraram-se nos subitens do critério Manejo de Resíduos Sólidos (Segregação, Tratamento Preliminar, Transporte Interno, Armazenamento Temporário/Externo e Tratamento Externo) e no critério Segurança e Saúde do Trabalhador. A partir dos achados desse estudo, é possível que o hospital desenvolva capacitações para correção de possíveis falhas. Com isso, nota-se que o QAGRH é uma ferramenta de metodologia rápida a qual pode apresentar informações essenciais para elaboração de um diagnóstico atualizado da situação do gerenciamento em ambientes hospitalares, trazendo subsídios para que esses estabelecimentos possam promover ações que minimizem os riscos existentes nas questões ambientais e de saúde.
Trânsito e meio ambiente: como entender e problematizar o atropelamento de fauna por meio da metodologia ativa
Authors: Seabra Lucas Aníbal Faria , Liberato Vanderleia das Dores Silva , Heitor Bárbara Cristina 
Published: December 2020

É necessário que um discente seja capaz de olhar para sua volta e entender o máximo possível as relações que ali se concretizam, para isso é interessante que haja alguém que o oriente por meio de questionamentos, impulsionando o pela busca do saber. Docentes são pontes para situações que envolva a construção ou transformação do conhecimento de determinado local, desse modo o projeto objetivou em sua centralidade trazer em números as espécies de animais da fauna brasileira atropelados, suas causas, consequências e possíveis meio de ‘‘Valorizar a vida’’ de animais silvestres que estão intensamente relacionados com a nossa vida humana e o trânsito. O trabalho foi desenvolvido com o Ensino Fundamental II (EFII), 6º ao 9º ano da Escola Estadual Padre José Espíndola, em Pimenta - MG , havendo parceria com a Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA) que apoiou e doou materiais junto a AB Nascentes das Gerais para uma complementação do projeto em questão. Como meio de desenvolver as atividades com os/as estudantes o professor fez uso da metodologia ativa de aprendizagem, fazendo com que o discente seja o agente principal por seu aprendizado. Nesse intuito foi problematizado os animais atropelados e apresentado um aplicativo que monitora o atropelamento dessa fauna, foi construído um calendário de etapas a longo prazo para que estudantes fotografassem animais nessa situação . A culminância aconteceu junto com toda a comunidade escolar, demonstrando como resultado o potencial da atividade para despertar uma consciência crítica dos impactos que surgem da relação trânsito e meio ambiente.
Geri çekildi: İslam ve Batı İlişkilerine Bir Neşter: Medeniyetler Çatışması’ndan İslamofobi’ye Açılan Yol
Authors: AKYUZ Fatih 
Published: December 2020

Sovyetler Birliği’nin çöküşünün ardından Batı’nın bizatihi kendisine yeni bir “öteki” yaratma çabası İslam ve Batı dünyasını yeniden karşı karşıya getirmiştir. Buna katkıda bulunan en önemli gelişmelerden biri ise ‘Medeniyetler Çatışması’ tezi olmuştur. Harvard Üniversitesi’nden Profesör Samuel Huntigton’un kaleme almış olduğu bu tez İslam ile Batı arasındaki çatışmayı meşru gören en temel araçlardan biri olarak kullanılmıştır. Bu kurama göre Soğuk Savaş’tan sonra artık uluslararası arenada veya yeni dünya sisteminde cereyan edecek olan çatışma ve mücadeleler ideolojik, ekonomik değil kültürel nedenlerden doğacaktır. Çatışmanın merkezinde ise İslam ve Batı medeniyeti olacaktır. Ortaya atılan bu tez dünya genelinde büyük ses getirmiş ve yoğun tartışmalara sebebiyet vermiştir. Öyle ki, kuram tartışılırken araştırmalar, özellikle ABD ve Avrupa ülkelerinde, ayrımcılık ve hoşgörüsüzlük ekseninde şekillenen; Müslümanlara karşı İslamofobi olarak adlandırılan olgunun yükselişe geçtiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmamızda AB ülkelerinde yükselmekte olan İslamofobi ve Medeniyetler Çatışması tezi arasındaki ilişki irdelenecektir.Bu makale 28-06-2021 tarihinde geri çekildi. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/anemon/issue/62926/955693