bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the entomopathogen concentration of Beauveria Bassiana [Bals] Vuil for biological control of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner [Lepidoptera : Noctuidae]
Authors: Nelly N , Reflin R , Hidayat Y A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus found in the rhizosphere, known to affect the mortality of H. Armigera. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biological Control, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, from January 2019 to March 2019. The aim of this study, therefore, is to obtain an effective concentration with the optimal characteristics of controlling H. armigera, utilizing a completely randomized design, with 4 treatments and 5 replications. In addition, the treatment required the application of B. bassiana suspension, at a concentration of [A] 5×107 conidia/ml, [B] 1×108 conidia/ml, [C] 5×108 conidia/ml and [D] control [distilled water]. The results showed the treatment with the highest concentration [5×108 conidia/ml] possessed the ability to increase the mortality rate by 68% in the larvae of H. armigera, at an LT50 of 5.82 days. Hence, a higher concentration affects the lifespan, and nature of pupae, and adult pests formed.
West Sumatera brown rice resistance to brown planthopper
Authors: Busniah M , Kasim M , Winarto W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rice is the main staple food for half of the world’s global population. One of the superior rice variety indicators is resistance to brown planthopper. The study was aimed to analyze several West Sumatera rice varieties against brown planthopper. The research was conducted in the screen house, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia from April to October 2018. A completely randomized design was used in this study. Nine rice genotypes and one control variety were used in this assay. The treatment was replicated three times. The result showed that Batang Sungkai was the best genotype in resistance based on the attack intensity.
Effectiveness of the combination of attractants and colors in trapping fruit flies [Bactrocera spp] on chili plant [Capsicum annuum L.]
Authors: Suwinda S , Wilyus W , Novalina N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The research was carried out to examine the effect of attractants and the color of traps in trapping fruit flies [Bactrocera spp.]. The research was done by using Randomized Block Design [RBD] with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the type of attractants consisted of 3 levels; A0 [methyl eugenol + water], A1 [methyl eugenol + guava juice], and A2 [methyl eugenol + starfruit juice]. The second factor was the colors of trap consisted of 4 levels; B0 [without color [transparent]], B1 [red], B2 [yellow], and B3 [green]. The result shows that: trap A1B3 [methyl eugenol and guava juice as an attractant, green trap] was a type of trap that has the broadest spectrum to attract and trap various species of fruit flies. There was no significant effect of adding color to traps in attracting and trapping male fruit flies. Male fruit flies generally were more attracted and more trapped in traps with methyl eugenol as attractants than the traps added with fruit juice. Female fruit flies were attracted and trapped only in a trap with attractants containing fruit juice as an attractant.
Diversity of Hymenopteran parasitoid in agricultural and primary forest in Lubuk Kilangan, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Busniah M , Hakiki A , Martinius M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A hymenopteran parasitoid is an important natural enemy for many orders of insect pests. This group can control pests specifically in the agricultural ecosystem. The research aimed to study the diversity of hymenopteran parasitoids in the agricultural and primary forest ecosystems. A purposive random sampling method was used to determine the research location. Malaise and yellow trap were used to collect the samplings. The research location was agricultural and primary forest ecosystems. The result showed that families of the hymenopteran parasitoid in the dominant number of individuals and morphospecies were Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae. According to the result, the diversity index in both ecosystems was high [4.879 for primary forest and 4.675 for agricultural]. The evenness index in both ecosystems was also high [0.905 for primary forest dan 0.887 for agricultural forest]. The similarity index in both ecosystems was classified as high [0.607 respectively].
Application of solid and liquid organic matter to increase P availability in Inceptisol
Authors: Banamtuan E , Suwardi S , Iskandar I , Sumawinata B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth, but its supply in the soil is limited by two constraints, namely small in amount and small in its availability. In acidic soil, P is tied up by Al and Fe, while in high soil pH, P is bound by Ca. Thus, to increase the availability of P in the soils, prepared organic matter may be added. The quality of prepared organic matter depends on the type of source material, composting process, and the method of application. To find out the effects of applying solid and liquid organic matter on the availability of P in the soil, this glasshouse experiment involving the application of five treatments of organic matter on corn, which was planted in Inceptisol, was conducted. Two organic matters used were solids: cow manure compost [CMC] and goat manure compost [GMC]; and the other three were in liquid form: composted cow manure extract [CCME], composted goat manure extract [CGME], and humic substance [HS]. Based on the results on the observed parameters, at 7 weeks after planting, the application of CMC produced the highest increase in available-P in the soil, followed by GMC, HS, CGME, and CCME, in that order. In either solid or liquid form, the applied organic matter significantly raised available-P, total-N, organic-C, cation exchange capacity [CEC], soil electrical conductivity [EC], and exchangeable bases in the soil, with the solid organic matters performing better, overall, than their liquid counterparts. Future research on closely related technical and economic aspects is recommended.
Organic carbon sequestration at different age of tea [Camelia sinensis] plantation under the wet tropical area
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Y , Yasin S , Haris Z A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Soil organic carbon [OC] sequestration is affected by some factors, one of which is the vegetation living on it. Tea is a crop on which the part being harvested is the leaves, which are supposed to contribute to soil OC. The objective of the research was to determine the amount of OC sequestered at different crop age under tea plantation in wet tropical areas. The soil samples were taken from 3 different crop ages [36, 21, and 9 years old] under the same slope [>45%] and soil [volcanic] at ≥ 1,400 m asl. As a comparison, the soil was also sampled from the secondary forest around the research site. At each crop age and the forest, the soil was sampled for 100 cm depth with a 20 cm increment. Undisturbed soil samples were taken for soil BD and disturbed soil samples for OC. The result showed that SOC content decreased by soil depth, and the soil BD was not significantly different among the depths. Therefore, the amount of OC sequestered declined by decreasing soil depth. The SOC sequestration rate decreased by increasing the age of tea crop from 1.67 to 0.49 Mg/Ha/y/1-m depth respectively between 9-21 and 21-36 years old. Compared to the secondary forest, however, the OC sequestration under tea plantation improved by 1.50, 1.71, and 1.79 times as the age of tea crop increased from 9, to 21, and to 36 years old, respectively. It seems that tea cultivation is the potential to sequester OC even though the leaves are regularly harvested.
Effect of biochar from young coconut waste to improve chemical properties of ultisols and growth coffee [Coffea arabica L.] plant seeds
Authors: Herviyanti H , Maulana A , Prima S , Aprisal A , Crisna S D , Lita A L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of biochar from young coconut [Cocus nucifera L.] waste to improve the chemical properties of Ultisols and the growth of coffee [Coffea arabica] plant seeds. The research has been carried out at the Laboratory of Chemistry and Soil Fertility and Experimental wirehouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang. This research used a Completely Randomized Design [CRD] with 3 replications. The formulation is biochar of young coconut waste/8 kg of soil ie: A = 0.0%; B = 0.5% [173 g]; C = 1.0% [348 g]; D = 1.5% [520 g]; and E = 2.0% [693 g]. The results of the utilization of young coconut waste as a source of biochar could improve the chemical properties of Ultisols. Addition 2% [693 g.8kg/lof soil] of biochar young coconut waste can increase pH and decrease Al and H-exch, so that increase available P, organic C and CEC by 1.70 ppm; 0.99% and 9.12 cmol[+].kg−1; compared to 0% of biochar. Application 1.5% [520g.8kg/lof soil] almost the same 2% of biochar young coconut waste to increase total N and exchangeable of the cation [K, Ca, and Mg]. Whereas addition up to 2% of biochar young coconut waste has not shown a significant increase in growth coffee [Coffee arabica L.] plant seed at the age of 3 months [12 after week planting].
Soybean seed [Glycine max L.] coated by fertile soil-applied sodium bicarbonate at alluvial soil
Authors: Jamilah J , Irawan N , Thesiwati A S , Ernita M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Soybean yields in Indonesia tend to be low, on average <1.5 Mg ha−1 and many of the needs are met through soybean imports. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of seed coating and sodium bicarbonate on the growth and yield of soybeans in alluvial soils. The experiment was carried out at Alluvial soil in Padang, with an altitude of 10 m above sea level. The experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design in the factorial form. The first-factor was the application of coating material to soybean seeds consisting of 2 levels; uncoated and coated. The second factor was the application of sodium bicarbonate in the leaves of the plant consisting of 4 concentrations; 0%; 0.125%; 0.250% and 0.375%, with 3 replications. Data were analyzed statistically using F-tests 5% significance level. If the treatment had a significant effect, it will continue using the LSD test 5% significance level. The parameters of observations were made; plant height when the generative phase, the number of primary branches, the number of nodules, the number of pith pods, the weight of 100 seeds, dry weight of seeds per plot. The result showed that the application of coating materials on soybean seeds and 0.125% sodium bicarbonate sprayed on the leaves increase the growth and yield of soybean Anjasmoro variety with the highest seed yield was 1.90 Mg ha−1.
Soil chemical characteristics at three slope positions in the smallholder’s Piper nigrum L. in Lhokseumawe City, Aceh Province
Authors: Yusra Y , Khusrizal K , Diannastiti F A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The spatial variation of soil properties is significantly influenced by several factors. Slope position belongs to a component of topography as one soil-forming factor which would be influenced by soil development. The purpose of this study is to understand the pedogenesis of soil chemical characteristics on the diversity of slope positions in the smallholder’s Piper nigrum L. in Lhokseumawe City Aceh Province, start from October to December 2017. The research was conducted using the descriptive survey method and fifteen soil samples from three slope positions, i.e. upper slope position [33%], middle slope position [22%], and lower slope position [6.6%] were collected. The soil samples were analyzed using appropriate methods such as soil pH using pH meter, soil organic carbon using Walkley and Black, total nitrogen using Kjehdahl, available phosphorus using Bray II, and potassium exchangeable using Morgan. This research has studied the correlation between soil chemical properties and the differentiation of soil chemical characteristics at each slope position by the DMRT test method. The result showed that the slope position affected soil chemical properties. The slope position had affected water movement from the upper to the lower slope position and this process caused variation of soil chemical characteristic formation. The value of soil pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium exchangeable was higher in the lower slope position than those in the middle and upper slope positions.
Palm Oil Fuel Ash [POFA]: innovative potential applications as heavy metal removal materials in gold mining wastewater
Authors: Riduan A , Rainiyati R , Heraningsih S F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Gold mining wastewater contains heavy metals hazardous to the environment. The alternative solution to overcome the contamination problems was using adsorbent to reduce the amount of heavy metal content in the wastewater. Palm oil fuel ash [POFA] as a potential adsorbent to absorb the heavy metal content. This current study focused on the application of palm oil fuel ash [POFA] for the removal of heavy metal in the environment. The technology used in this study was the combination of adsorption and precipitation methods. Gold mining wastewater and supernatant were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma [ICP] mass spectrometers. The result of this study showed that the level of heavy metals in the gold mining wastewater was successfully reduced at large amounts and that the POFA had a good adsorption capability.
Marketing performance of Kopi Solok Radjo in industrial revolution 4.0 [a case study of Solok Radjo cooperative in Solok District
Authors: Yusmarni Y , Putri A , Paloma C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The concept of marketing is currently experiencing development along with the advancement of society and technology. A company needs to be transformed into an intelligent organization to achieve the best business results. Nowadays we enter the digital transformation of the industry which is called Industry 4.0. In terms of marketing, recently digital technology plays a significant role in expanding the market and increasing the company sale. A company can advertise and sell their product using various internet platforms such as social media, websites, blogs, and online market application that can reach consumers all over the world. This research aimed to describe the performance of the marketing mix of Kopi Solok Radjo from the consumers’ point of view and to analyze the effect of the marketing mix on the consumers’ decision to purchase. The study finds that the performance of Kopi Solok Radjo’s marketing mix is good, where a score of all variables is in the category of high. Moreover, this study used multiple regression analysis to assess the effect of the marketing mix on consumers’ decision to purchase Kopi Solok Radjo. The research finds that all variables simultaneously affect the consumers’ decision to purchase. However, a partially only variable of promotion affects the purchasing decision. Solok Radjo Cooperative has employed digital promotion to reach the wider market. The digital marketing and promotion employed by the cooperative are the website, social media application [Instagram, Twitter and Facebook], and online marketing applications [Tokopedia and Shopee]. Ever since the cooperative used online promotion, the market has reached international markets such as Singapore, Australia, and the USA.
The existence of traditional medicinal plants in megapolitan city communities
Authors: Siregar R S , Pulungan D R , Khairani L , Lubis S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explain and analyze people’s perceptions of medicinal plants in Medan seen from personal factors, group influence factor, cultural factor, cultivation and marketing of medicinal plants in Medan. The population was all people of Medan who used traditional medicinal plants that were randomly selected to be used as research samples. Primary data were obtained using a questionnaire and using a Likert Scale analysis tool and confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS software. The results showed that people’s perception of traditional medicinal plants in the city of Medan was positive. All factors that support people’s perception of medicinal plants are proven to be accepted and approved. People of Medan believe in medicinal plants in curing various diseases and increasing body immunity. This has an impact on the use of home yards and agricultural land as a location for the cultivation of traditional medicinal plants, as well as selling to various districts in the Province of North Sumatra.
The influences of driving forces on behaviors of Na+ and H2O in cyclic octa-peptide nanotube: investigated by steered molecular dynamics
Authors: Shan Tianjiao , Zhao Xiaoguang , Liang Haihai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The behaviors of Na+ and H2O in cyclic peptide nanotube (CPN) under different conditions are important for their applications. In this study, a series of driving forces has been applied to Na+ and H2O constrained in the self-assembled nanotube of {cyclo[(-D-Ala-L-Ala)4-]}10, to understand the influence on the transport properties and behaviors of Na+ and H2O using steered molecular dynamics (SMD). The results show that H2O need less driving force (0.4 kcal mol−1 Å−1) to migrate in the nanotube than that of Na+ (2.3 kcal mol−1 Å−1). Under the same driving force, the transport speed of H2O is about 135 times faster than that of Na+. The instantaneous velocity curves reveal that water adopts a kind of irregular hopping transport mode which does not change with the driving force, while Na+ transports in an obvious hopping mode changing with driving force in three different types. Particularly, the instantaneous velocity curves of Na+ under the driving force of 3.2–5.2 kcal mol−1 Å are roughly similar to the pulse signal, which is of great significance to the treatment of human diseases and the detection of electrolytes. The transport resistance mainly comes from electrostatic interaction. Results in this work show that cyclic octa-peptide nanotubes have excellent performance sensitive to external driving forces and are good potential materials for drug design, biosensors, ion transmembrane transport and ion probe for the detection of Na+ in organisms.
Synthesis of Mn-doped CsPbClxBr3−x perovskite nanocrystals using ultrasonic irradiation-promoted with decrease of reaction order
Authors: Xu Shuhong , Zhang Ruohu , Wu Hao , Cui Yiping , Wang Chunlei , Shao Haibao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The incorporation of impurity cation as a way of introducing various novel functionalities provides an additional level of control over the electronic and optical properties of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs). However, the conventional post-synthetic cation exchange approaches suffer from large time and energy consumption. In this work, we developed a novel one-pot method to synthesize Mn-doped CsPbClxBr3−x NCs by merit of sonochemical technique, achieving dramatically rapid reduce of time and energy consumption. The localized hot spots with high transient temperature, pressure, and cooling rate, as well as an excellent stirring action of ultrasonic preparation facilitate the diffusion of Mn2+ in perovskite lattice. Besides, further reaction kinetics investigation reveals an apparent decrease of reaction order from original method (2.4) to our ultrasound-assisted method (1.0).
Metabolic networks of the Nicotiana genus in the spotlight: content, progress and outlook
Authors: Foerster Hartmut , Battey James N D , Sierro Nicolas , Ivanov Nikolai V , Mueller Lukas A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Manually curated metabolic databases residing at the Sol Genomics Network comprise two taxon-specific databases for the Solanaceae family, i.e. SolanaCyc and the genus Nicotiana, i.e. NicotianaCyc as well as six species-specific databases for Nicotiana tabacum TN90, N. tabacum K326, Nicotiana benthamiana, N. sylvestris, N. tomentosiformis and N. attenuata. New pathways were created through the extraction, examination and verification of related data from the literature and the aid of external database guided by an expert-led curation process. Here we describe the curation progress that has been achieved in these databases since the first release version 1.0 in 2016, the curation flow and the curation process using the example metabolic pathway for cholesterol in plants. The current content of our databases comprises 266 pathways and 36 superpathways in SolanaCyc and 143 pathways plus 21 superpathways in NicotianaCyc, manually curated and validated specifically for the Solanaceae family and Nicotiana genus, respectively. The curated data have been propagated to the respective Nicotiana-specific databases, which resulted in the enrichment and more accurate presentation of their metabolic networks. The quality and coverage in those databases have been compared with related external databases and discussed in terms of literature support and metabolic content.
DeepEventMine: end-to-end neural nested event extraction from biomedical texts
Authors: Trieu Hai-Long , Tran Thy Thy , Duong Khoa N A , Nguyen Anh , Miwa Makoto , Ananiadou Sophia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Recent neural approaches on event extraction from text mainly focus on flat events in general domain, while there are less attempts to detect nested and overlapping events. These existing systems are built on given entities and they depend on external syntactic tools.

Results
We propose an end-to-end neural nested event extraction model named DeepEventMine that extracts multiple overlapping directed acyclic graph structures from a raw sentence. On the top of the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers model, our model detects nested entities and triggers, roles, nested events and their modifications in an end-to-end manner without any syntactic tools. Our DeepEventMine model achieves the new state-of-the-art performance on seven biomedical nested event extraction tasks. Even when gold entities are unavailable, our model can detect events from raw text with promising performance.

Availability and implementation
Our codes and models to reproduce the results are available at: https://github.com/aistairc/DeepEventMine.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.