bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Metaphor as an Important Tool for Understanding Oppression
Authors: Hillock Susan 
Published: June 2020

Using an anti-oppressive practice (AOP) theoretical framework and an exploratory qualitative research design, featuring semi-structured interviews and written assignments, a group of ten social workers were asked to describe their understandings of the concept of oppression. The study found that, in the case of these particular social workers, they used metaphor as a key conceptualization process to more vividly describe and understand the concept of oppression within their social work practice. This article analyzes eight categories of metaphor themes the participants used to explain their understanding of oppression: (a) pressure; (b) earth; (c) quest; (d) nature of society; (e) seeing; (f) building; (g) dancing; and (h) water. The research findings are intended to open up dialogue and thinking about the concept of oppression, increase our knowledge base and understandings of oppression within social work practice, and assist the social work profession to build a stronger conceptual framework for understanding and naming oppression with the end goal of assisting social workers to better respond to and resist systems of domination.
Institutional Racism and Individual Agency
Authors: Lavoie Carmen 
Published: June 2020

Institutional racism is a principal factor in the exclusion and oppression of racialized groups. Social work scholars have examined the organizational indicators, attitudes, and actions of staff that contribute to institutional racism in order to elucidate its function. However, an understanding of the interplay between institutions and individuals within institutional racism has remained largely elusive. This paper aims to address this gap. Using the work of French philosopher Michel Foucault and his theorization of disciplinary power, this paper presents a case study of one social worker’s efforts to address racism in her organization. The result is a unique understanding of institutional racism that considers the dynamic interactions between institutional constraints and individual agency. Such an analysis enables those in direct practice as well as in leadership roles who are committed to anti-oppression social work to understand the barriers and routes to anti-racist institutional change.
Review Piece
Authors: Liechty Daniel 
Published: June 2020

Boston University sociologist Peter L. Berger recently published a memoir, under the telling title Adventures of an Accidental Sociologist (Berger, 2011). Although somewhat eclipsed now, during the 1970s and 1980s, Berger was one of the most widely read contemporary sociologists, and reading this book has often felt like reminiscing with an old friend. To be sure, I only know Berger through his books and other writings; I have never met the man personally. Yet in many ways (as any bibliophile will understand) I do feel like he is an old friend, one with whom I have had a troubled, on-again off-again relationship.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Haiti Earthquake Recovery in New York Times articles
Authors: Pyles Loretta , Svistova Juliana 
Published: June 2020

The social constructions of the media after the 2010 Haiti earthquake arguably influenced disaster recovery, especially how and what projects were conceived, implemented, and evaluated. In this study of New York Times articles, we sought to learn how Haitians and foreign actors who are engaged in recovery are portrayed in print media. Our findings suggest the presence of hegemonic, disempowering discourse through themes that emphasize the expertise of outsiders and the proliferation of disaster capitalism. A counter-hegemonic, empowering discourse is evident through the acknowledgement of post-colonialist realities and the participation of Haitians in recovery. We discuss the meaning of these findings for social welfare policies, such as those set forth by the United States Agency on International Development (USAID), as well as social work practice and education.
Do we Always Practice What we Preach? Real Vampires’ Fears of Coming out of the Coffin to Social Workers and Helping Professionals
Authors: Williams D. J. , Prior Emily E. 
Published: June 2020

Helping professionals in multiple disciplines, including social workers, are commonly taught to embrace human diversity, think critically, empower clients, and respect client self-determination. Indeed, much of clinical practice with clients is predicated on such professional values, which are important to the establishment of a strong therapeutic alliance and an effective treatment outcome. This study applies qualitative measures, such as an open-ended questionnaire and creative analytic practice (CAP) strategy in the form of poetic representation, to provide insights into how people with a specific nontraditional identity, that of “real vampire,” feel about disclosing this salient identity to helping professionals within a clinical context. As a CAP method, poetic representation is valuable in acknowledging participants’ subjective realities and preserving emotional intensity in participants’ responses. Results suggest that nearly all participants were distrustful of social workers and helping professionals and preferred to “stay in the coffin” for fear of being misunderstood, labeled, and potentially having to face severe repercussions to their lives.
Laser Influence on Dental Sensitivity Compared to Other Light Sources Used During In-office Dental Bleaching: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Casado BGS , Pellizzer EP , Souto Maior JR , Lemos CAA , Vasconcelos BCE , Moraes SLD 
Published: June 2020

Clinical Relevance
The use of laser light during bleaching will not reduce the incidence or severity of sensitivity and will not increase the degree of color change compared with nonlaser light sources.

SUMMARY
Objective: To evaluate whether the use of laser during in-office bleaching promotes a reduction in dental sensitivity after bleaching compared with other light sources.
Methods: The present review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and is registered with PROSPERO (CDR42018096591). Searches were conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles published up to August 2018. Only randomized clinical trials among adults that compared the use of laser during in-office whitening and other light sources were considered eligible.
Results: After analysis of the texts retrieved during the database search, six articles met the eligibility criteria and were selected for the present review. For the outcome dental sensitivity, no significant difference was found favoring any type of light either for intensity (mean difference [MD]: −1.60; confidence interval [CI]: −3.42 to 0.22; p=0.09) or incidence (MD: 1.00; CI: 0.755 to 1.33; p=1.00). Regarding change in tooth color, no significant differences were found between the use of the laser and other light sources (MD: −2.22; CI: −6.36 to 1.93; p=0.29).
Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, laser exerts no influence on tooth sensitivity compared with other light sources when used during in-office bleaching. The included studies demonstrated that laser use during in-office bleaching may have no influence on tooth color change.
Clinical Efficiency of Self-etching One-Step and Two-Step Adhesives in NCCL: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: de Assis CPP , Lemos CAA , Gomes JML , Vasconcelos BCE , Moraes SLD , Braz R , Pellizzer EP 
Published: June 2020

Clinical Relevance
One-step self-etch adhesive systems provide a clinical time gain, decreasing the number of clinical steps. When a clinician is able to follow a simpler process of adhesion there is less chance of adhesive failure.

SUMMARY
Objective: A systematic review and meta-analyses were performed to evaluate whether one-step self-etching (1SSE) adhesive systems are as effective as two-step self-etching (2SSE) adhesives in noncarious cervical lesion (NCCL) restorations.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and recorded in the PROSPERO (CRD42018096747). Electronic systematic searches were conducted in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library for published articles. Only randomized clinical trials that compared 1SSE with 2SSE adhesives systems were selected. The outcomes were retention, postoperative sensitivity, secondary caries, color match, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, and anatomical form.
Results: The searches resulted in 476 studies. After applying the eligibility criteria, five randomized controlled trials were selected in which 822 restorations in NCCLs were distributed in 237 patients. The results showed no statistical difference between 1SSE and 2SSE in relation to retention (p=0.23; relative risk [RR]=1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.76, 3.19), postoperative sensitivity ( p=0.50; RR=3.00; 95% CI=0.13, 70.64), Secondary caries (p=0.63; RR=0.68; 95% CI=0.14, 3.31), color match (p=0.41; RR=0.64; 95% CI=0.23, 1.83), marginal discoloration (p=0.93; RR=1.02; 95% CI=0.65, 1.61), and anatomical form (p=0.56; RR=1.38; 95% CI=0.46, 4.13). However there was statistical difference in relation to marginal adaptation ( p=0.01; RR=1.95; 95% CI=1.14, 3.34).
Conclusion: This systematic review with meta-analysis revealed that both 1SSE and 2SSE adhesive systems have comparable clinical effectiveness in a follow-up period of 12 to 24 months, except in relation to marginal adaptation.
Thermal Analyses of Briquette Fuels Produced from Coal Dust and Groundnut Husk
Authors: Ikelle Ikelle I. , Sunday Nworu J. , Sunday Nworie F. , John Jedidiah , Okechukwu Ogbuagu J. , Elom Nwabueze I. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This work involved the production and thermal characterization of biomass briquettes produced by blending a major agricultural waste with coal dust. In the work, nine different compositions of coal dust/groundnut husk briquettes were produced using starch as the binder while Ca(OH2) was incorporated as the de-sulphurizing agent. The ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, moisture content, compressive strength, ignition time, calorific value, water boiling test and burning rate were carried out to determine the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the briquettes produced. The results showed that moisture content values are in the range 2.43 - 6.44%, for compressive strength 7.72 - 10.85 N/mm3, for ash content 24.18 - 29.15 %, for calorific value 21714.17 - 25027.18 kJ/kg, for fixed carbon 16.77-53.22 %, for ignition time 22.23-45.20 s, for water boiling test 1.50-4.99 min and burning rate 16.10-28.32 g/min. These are appreciable values for the thermal properties of the bio-briquettes. Therefore, the agro-wastes briquettes are beneficial for heating purposes rather than open incineration of the wastes.
Focus on Common Small Animal Vector-Borne Diseases in Central and Southeastern Europe
Authors: Michael Leschnik 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Vector-borne diseases are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in small animals in Europe. Many of these diseases are well-known among veterinary practitioners and some of them are called emerging diseases as prevalence, temporal and spatial distribution seem to increase in Europe. The number of newly recognized pathogens, transmitted by a variety of arthropod vectors, that are relevant for dogs and cats, is also increasing every year. The prevalence among infected vectors and hosts is a hot topic in veterinary science throughout the entire continent, as well as the development of efficient diagnostic procedures, therapy and prophylactic measures. Companion animal vector-borne diseases comprise a large group of pathogens including viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths. These pathogens are mainly transmitted by bloodsucking arthropods (ticks, fleas, mosquitos, sand flies), and more seldom by direct transmission between vertebrate hosts. Vector prevalence and activity is influenced by local climate conditions, host species density, changes in landscape and land use. Human parameters such as poverty and migration affect the use of prophylactic measures against pathogen transmission and infection as well as increasing the zoonotic risk to introducing pathogens by infected humans. Small animal associated factors such as pet trade and pet travel spread infection and certain vectors such as ticks and fleas. All these factors pose several complex and significant challenges for veterinarians in clinical practice to decide on efficient laboratory work-up and constructive diagnostic procedures.
Pancreatic Evaluation in Dogs using Different Ultrasonographic Techniques – Preliminary Results
Authors: Avante Lopes Michelle , Rossi Feliciano Marcus Antônio , Ramirez Uscategui Ricardo Andres , Cristina Maronezi Marjury , Aguila Silva Priscila Del , Ricardo Pozzobon , Rodrigues Simões Ana Paula , Priscila Silva , Beatriz Gasser , Letícia Pavan , Nogueira Aires Luiz Paulo , Carlos Canola Júlio 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to describe the preliminary results on the accuracy of ultrasonographic techniques such as elastography, contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and Doppler in determining pancreatic changes. Twenty-five dogs, males and females, aged 1-14 years, were studied. Sixteen animals had no clinical signs of pancreatic disease (GS) and nine presented signs of pancreatic disorders (GD). All animals from GD presented sonographic changes in B-mode and qualitative elastography, with shear-wave velocity (SWV) higher (2.4±0.5m/s) in GD (p=0.014) than GS (1.9±0.3m/s) resulting in 78% sensitivity and 69% specificity in the identification of pancreatic changes. Regarding Doppler mode, no differences were observed between groups with color mapping or pulsed wave Doppler. The values obtained with CEUS did not differ between groups. Elastography is a promising technique for differential diagnosis of pancreatic changes because of its sensitivity and specificity, while the other techniques did not show diagnostic accuracy.
Numerical Simulations of Temperature and Velocity Fields in the Storage Tank with the Three-Coil Heat Exchanger
Authors: Smusz Robert , Wilk Joanna , Bałon Paweł 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article presents the results of the numerical investigation of the thermal stratification in the hot water storage tank. The exchanger consists of three tube coils that are immersed in the storage tank of hot water. Two coils—lower and upper—are designed to warm the water in the tank using the water as a heating medium. Another coil—uses the refrigerant for the waste heat transfer. The temperature stratification device is mounted in the thermal storage tank. The device’s task is to improve the thermal stratification level of heated water. The performed numerical simulations allowed us to obtain the temperature and velocity fields in the storage tank under the conditions of the work of coils filled with water. Calculations were made in the case of the use of the stratification device under the operating conditions of the upper and lower coils with water.
Improving the Rabbit Semen Cryopreservation Protocol: Comparison Between Two Extenders and Inseminating Doses
Authors: Di Iorio Michele , Rusco Giusy , Colonna Maria Antonietta , Schiavitto Michele , D’Andrea Maria Silvia , Cerolini Silvia , Iaffaldano Nicolaia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study has been designed to optimize the semen freezing protocol in rabbits, in this regard we compared a Tris-citrate-glucose (TCG) extender with a commercial one (Cortalap®), that to the best of our knowledge has never been used up to now on the in vitro freezability and fertilizing ability of cryopreserved rabbit semen. Two different inseminating semen doses were considered. Five pooled semen samples were divided into two subsamples and each of them were diluted to a ratio 1:1 (v:v) with a freezing extender composed of TCG or Cortalap® containing 16% of dimethylsulfoxide and 0.1 mol/L of sucrose. The extended semen was filled into 0.25 mL plastic straws and frozen above a liquid nitrogen surface. After thawing (50°C/10 seconds) we determined sperm motility, viability, membrane functionality, acrosome and DNA integrity. Our results showed that the Cortalap® extender significantly improved the in vitro post-thaw sperm quality, in comparison to TCG. When we compared the extenders in vivo, no significant differences in the reproductive performances were observed independently by inseminating doses used. In this study we demonstrated that Cortalap® extender can be used as an alternative to TCG. Thus, the Cortalap® being a ready to use extender, implies a reduction of time, mistakes and microbial contaminations during its preparation. This discovery results as significant because it provides beyond an important contribution to the creation of the first Italian semen cryobank of rabbit breeds and also for livestock rabbit farms based on artificial insemination (AI) program.
A Review on Bovine Mastitis with Special Focus on CD4 as a Potential Candidate Gene for Mastitis Resistance – A Review
Authors: Rasheed Arsalan , Usman Tahir , Niaz Kamal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mastitis is аn inflammation оf thе mammary gland, caused by the invasion and duplication оf Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus uberis (S. uberis) аnd Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) аnd а wide variety оf оthеr microorganisms thrоugh teat оr damaged nipple, decreasing potential milk production іn thе affected quarter оf mammary gland. Economic, animal productivity, international trade and animal welfare issues associated with mastitis play an important role in the agricultural industry. Therefore, worldwide dairy cattle breeding programmes are trying to breed cows wіth improved resistance tо mastitis. Mastitis can’t be eliminated but can be reduced to a low level. It can be achieved by breeding strategies, reducing the exposure to pathogen and increasing the resistance to intramammary infection. Numerous therapeutic, prophylactic аnd management techniques аrе uѕеd аѕ control and reduce the mastitis. However, а widely proposed strategy marker assisted selection uѕіng candidate gene approach which іѕ based оn improving thе host genetics. One of them is cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) gene, which is а glycoprotein located оn receptors оf immune cells. CD4 exhibit аn essential role іn a variety of inflammation related conditions іn mаnу species. Therefore, CD4 as a candidate gene for resistance to mastitis has received considerable attention. The review is based on a study of CD4 in association with improving resistance to mastitis and it may be helpful in formulating breeding programmes and marker assisted selection to lower the mastitis.
Effect of Hybrid Rye and Maize Grain Processing on Ruminal and Postruminal Digestibility Parameters
Authors: Rajtar Patrycja , Górka Paweł , Schwarz Tomasz , Micek Piotr 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the method of fragmentation of hybrid rye and maize grain on digestibility parameters for ruminants. Varying degrees of fragmentation – none (whole grains; WG), crushed (CG) or ground to pass through a 4.0 (GG4.0) or 1.5 mm (GG1.5) screen – were estimated by the in sacco nylon bag technique, in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), and the in vitro gas production (GP) technique. WG, CG, GG4.0 and GG1.5 were categorized as none, slight, moderate and extensive fragmentation of the grain kernel, respectively. Three non-lactating cows fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were used to determine the effective rumen degradability (ERD) and intestinal and total tract digestibility (ID and TTD, respectively) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and starch. IVTD was determined with an ANKOM DaisyII Incubator, and GP and in vitro organic matter digestibility were determined with an ANKOMRF Gas Production System. Dry matter, CP and starch of hybrid rye grain were rapidly degraded in the rumen, and this degradability as well as ID and TTD was only marginally affected by the method of kernel fragmentation; however, among the methods used, the ERD of GG4.0 rye was the lowest. On the other hand, the greater the degree of kernel fragmentation, the higher ERD, ID and TTD were obtained for the DM, CP and starch of maize grain. In summary, rye grain is more susceptible to fermentation in the rumen than maize grain, but the means of grain processing may alter the rate, extent and site of their digestion, particularly for maize grain.
Genome-Wide Association Study and Pathway Analysis for Female Fertility Traits in Iranian Holstein Cattle
Authors: Mohammadi Ali , Alijani Sadegh , Rafat Seyed Abbas , Abdollahi-Arpanahi Rostam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Female fertility is an important trait that contributes to cow’s profitability and it can be improved by genomic information. The objective of this study was to detect genomic regions and variants affecting fertility traits in Iranian Holstein cattle. A data set comprised of female fertility records and 3,452,730 pedigree information from Iranian Holstein cattle were used to predict the breeding values, which were then employed to estimate the de-regressed proofs (DRP) of genotyped animals. A total of 878 animals with DRP records and 54k SNP markers were utilized in the genome-wide association study (GWAS). The GWAS was performed using a linear regression model with SNP genotype as a linear covariate. The results showed that an SNP on BTA19, ARS-BFGL-NGS-33473, was the most significant SNP associated with days from calving to first service. In total, [69] significant SNPs were located within 27 candidate genes. Novel potential candidate genes include OSTN, DPP6, EphA5, CADPS2, Rfc1, ADGRB3, Myo3a, C10H14orf93, KIAA1217, RBPJL, SLC18A2, GARNL3, NCALD, ASPH, ASIC2, OR3A1, CHRNB4, CACNA2D2, DLGAP1, GRIN2A and ME3. These genes are involved in different pathways relevant to female fertility and other characteristics in mammals. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that thirteen GO terms had significant overrepresentation of genes statistically associated with female fertility traits. The results of network analysis identified CCNB1 gene as a hub gene in the progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation pathway, significantly associated with age at first calving. The candidate genes identified in this study can be utilized in genomic tests to improve reproductive performance in Holstein cattle.