bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Footwear and insole design features that reduce neuropathic plantar forefoot ulcer risk in people with diabetes: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ahmed Sayed , Barwick Alex , Butterworth Paul , Nancarrow Susan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn people with diabetes, offloading high‐risk foot regions by optimising footwear, or insoles, may prevent ulceration. This systematic review aimed to summarise and evaluate the evidence for footwear and insole features that reduce pathological plantar pressures and the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy ulceration at the plantar forefoot in people with diabetic neuropathy.MethodsSix electronic databases (Medline, Cinahl, Amed, Proquest, Scopus, Academic Search Premier) were searched in July 2019. The search period was from 1987 to July 2019. Articles, in English, using footwear or insoles as interventions in patients with diabetic neuropathy were reviewed. Any study design was eligible for inclusion except systematic literature reviews and case reports. Search terms were diabetic foot, physiopathology, foot deformities, neuropath*, footwear, orthoses, shoe, footwear prescription, insole, sock*, ulcer prevention, offloading, foot ulcer, plantar pressure.ResultsTwenty‐five studies were reviewed. The included articles used repeated measure (n = 12), case‐control (n = 3), prospective cohort (n = 2), randomised crossover (n = 1), and randomised controlled trial (RCT) (n = 7) designs. This involved a total of 2063 participants. Eleven studies investigated footwear, and 14 studies investigated insoles as an intervention. Six studies investigated ulcer recurrence; no study investigated the first occurrence of ulceration. The most commonly examined outcome measures were peak plantar pressure, pressure‐time integral and total contact area. Methodological quality varied. Strong evidence existed for rocker soles to reduce peak plantar pressure. Moderate evidence existed for custom insoles to offload forefoot plantar pressure. There was weak evidence that insole contact area influenced plantar pressure.ConclusionRocker soles, custom‐made insoles with metatarsal additions and a high degree of contact between the insole and foot reduce plantar pressures in a manner that may reduce ulcer occurrence. Most studies rely on reduction in plantar pressure measures as an outcome, rather than the occurrence of ulceration. There is limited evidence to inform footwear and insole interventions and prescription in this population. Further high‐quality studies in this field are required.
What a paediatrician should know about congenital clubfoot
Authors: Dibello Daniela , Di Carlo Valentina , Colin Giulia , Barbi Egidio , Galimberti Anna M. C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractClubfoot is the most frequent congenital malformation of the foot, affecting more than 1–2 subjects per 1.000 newborns. Without appropriate treatment, a child with congenital clubfoot will never be able to walk physiologically with a dramatic impact on the quality of life. In the last decades, different corrective solutions have been proposed, and there is rising scientific evidence that the Ponseti non-invasive method is safe and effective in the treatment of the clubfoot. So, what should a general paediatrician know about this condition and what should he concretely do in the suspect of a congenital clubfoot?
Measuring accuracy of plethysmography based respiratory rate measurement using pulse oximeter at a tertiary hospital in India
Authors: Alwadhi Varun , Sarin Enisha , Kumar Praveen , Saboth Prasant , Khera Ajay , Gupta Sachin , Kumar Harish 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Childhood pneumonia continues to be a major infectious killer in India. WHO recommended respiratory rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2) measurements are not well implemented in Indian public health outpatient facilities with the result that treatment decision-making rely on subjective assessments from variably trained and supervised healthcare providers. The introduction of a multi-modal pulse oximeter (POx) that gives reliable measurements would mitigate incorrect diagnosis. In light of future potential use of pulse oximeter in peripheral health centres, it becomes important to measure accuracy of respiratory rate and oxygen saturation of such an instrument. The current study measures accuracy of plethysmography based respiratory rate (RR) using a pulse oximeter (Masimo Rad-G) by comparing it with a gold standard (pediatrician) measurement.

Study design
A cross sectional study was conducted in the OPD and emergency ward of Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital over a 2 week period wherein a convenience sample of 97 children (2 to 59 months) were assessed by a pediatrician as part of routine assessment alongside independent measure by a consultant using pulse oximeter. The level of agreement between plethymography based RR and pediatrician measure was analyzed along with sensitivity and specificity of fast breathing of plethymography based RR measure.

Results
Both methods of measurement show strong association (97%, p < 0.001) and observed values, falling on line of unity, obtained either from pulse oximeter or by pediatrician are very close to each other. Fast breathing measured by POx has a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of nearly 94%.

Conclusion
The current study provides evidence of the accuracy of a plethysmography based RR using a pulse oximeter which can potentially be of use in planning of pneumonia management in public health facilities.
Value of endoscopic examination of airways and swallowing in tracheostomy decannulation
Authors: Youssef Gamal , Abdulla Kamal M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Tracheostomy decannulation decision is the major challenge in the clinical management of tracheostomy patients. Little evidence is available to guide the weaning process and optimal timing of tracheostomy tube removal. The purpose of the study was to investigate the value of endoscopic assessment in the tracheostomy decannulation decision.

Results
The study included 154 tracheostomized adult patients. Bedside assessment was done for 112 patients, and the other 42 patients were deceased. The results of bedside assessment lead to successful decannulation in 18 patients (16%), while 94 patients (84%) were unfit for decannulation. The most common cause of unfitness was aspiration and poor swallowing in 41% of patients. The endoscopic assessment was done for 59 patients out of 94 patients that were unfit for decannulation; thirteen patients of them were fit for decannulation (22%). The final status of the patients before discharge was decannulated in 31 cases and 81 patients were discharged with a tracheostomy.

Conclusions
The results indicated the importance of endoscopic assessment in the decannulation decision of tracheostomized patients. A large proportion of patients who are unfit for decannulation by bedside assessment could be fit after endoscopic assessment. Endoscopic assessment is essential particularly in tracheostomized patients who have failed to achieve decannulation through conventional protocols.
Patient perception of service quality in Ghana: an empirical study in Christian Health Association of Ghana Hospitals
Authors: Agyei Samuel Kofi , Kumah Emmanuel , Baffour Peter Agyei , Ankomah Samuel E 
Published: June 2020

Background/aims Understanding patients' views on healthcare quality allows healthcare managers and policy makers to address any gaps and promote a patient-centred approach in healthcare delivery. A study was carried out to evaluate patients' perception of the quality of services in hospitals affiliated with the Christian Health Association of Ghana. Methods The SERVQUAL scale was used to survey 540 patients in 18 Christian Health Association of Ghana hospitals. Using STATA software package (version 13.0), mean scores of the patients' expectations and perceptions of service quality were computed. A t-test was performed to determine the significance levels of the difference between the mean scores for expectation and perception. Results The patients' expectations were not met. The five SERVQUAL dimensions showed statistically significant negative mean service quality gap scores. Conclusions Further investigations into the reasons that the patients responded in this way are warranted to help in stepping up patient-focused interventions to bridge the perceived service quality gaps identified.
Ethnic Media in the Digital Age, Sherry S. Yu and Matthew D. Matsaganis (eds) (2019)
Authors: Bashri Maha 
Published: June 2020

Review of: Ethnic Media in the Digital Age, Sherry S. Yu and Matthew D. Matsaganis (eds) (2019)
New York: Routledge, 216 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13848-648-5, h/bk, $129.78
ISBN 978-1-351045-31-5, e-book, $57.95
Framework de gestión del conocimiento (FGC) basado en capas
Authors: Guevara B. Juan C. , Cavanzo N. Gloria A. , Pérez P. Miguel 
Published: June 2020

La investigación en el campo de la Gestion del Conocimiento (GC) ha crecido en acumuladoe importancia tanto en el mundo académico como empresarial. Sin embargo, no ha establecido apropiadamente cómo y cúando una iniciativa de GC debe ser aplicada. Por lo anterior, en el presente artículo se describe la estructura -basada en capas- de un framework de gestión del conocimiento (FGC) que permite la administración de los recursos de conocimiento articulando, por niveles, diferentes funciones y actividades para la administración de los recursos de conocimiento entre los integrantes de una organización. Se presenta a partir del FGC un prototipo de Sistema de Gestión del Conocimiento (SGC) orientado al manejo del conocimiento de grupos de investigación.
Intensidad informacional para la longitudinalidad asistencial en sistemas de salud
Authors: Caicedo Carlos H. , Smida Ali 
Published: June 2020

La intensidad informacional, entendida como el grado de penetración de las tecnologías de información que posee una organización, un sector, una región o un producto en los procesos, bienes y servicios, condiciona el tipo de arquitectura organizacional y deriva en la aparición de nuevas unidades estratégicas. Particularmente en el sector de la salud emergen las llamadas células clínicas, contexto en el que la longitudinalidad asistencial se considera como una relación entre un grupo clínico y sus pacientes, cuya atención se centra en la persona a lo largo de un periodo de una complejidad tal que se consideran múltiples valores y preferencias. El presente artículo revisa el papel de la tecnología y los sistemas de información en estructuras organizacionales intensas y longitudinales en el sector salud, y la propone como soporte fundamental de las actividades operativas y estratégicas de alto desempeño. Destaca que el producto de la articulación del recurso humano, el tecnológico y el procedimental se consolida como una oportunidad para personalizar recursos, servicios e intervenciones de salud en función de elevar la calidad de la atención a través de la participación creciente de los pacientes y del público; elementos críticos para resolver problemas recurrentes en sistemas de salud como el colombiano.
El tejido de la palma caraná como referente de sustentabilidad
Authors: Trujillo Londoño Adriana 
Published: June 2020

En la selva amazónica, las hojas de la palma caraná son la materia prima para la construcción de techumbres y por su aprovechamiento, proceso productivo y ciclo de vida, un ejemplo claro de sustentabilidad, posibilitando como producto innovador el paño tejido con esta hoja. El presente artículo reflexiona sobre estos conocimientos de comunidades indígenas, buscando despertar el interés por conservar las técnicas, procesos y saberes ancestrales como elementos para generar nuevos productos con un alto valor agregado que los convierta en haga competitivos en el mercado. Una iniciativa para orientar el aprendizaje universitario, en doble vía, como alternativa para la ingeniería colombiana
Implementaciones móviles sobre JVM: Lenguajes dinámicos versus lenguajes estáticos
Authors: Leguizamón Páez Miguel Ángel , Sosa Suarez Juan Camilo , Herrera Clavijo Leidy Marcela 
Published: June 2020

La implementación de aplicaciones móviles está evolucionando aceleradamente, por lo que se requiere optimizar el proceso de desarrollo de software. No obstante, Android, al ser una de las plataformas más aceptadas para aplicaciones en tecnologías móviles, presenta demoras en la ejecución de tareas pues el emulador virtual consume excesivos recursos físicos. Por lo anterior, lenguajes como Groovy ofrecen la versatilidad de programar para Java Virtual Machine (JVM, por sus siglas en inglés) en un lenguaje dinámico, permitiendo la optimización de tiempos de desarrollo y reducción de líneas de código. En el contenido del presente artículo, se exhibe la investigación que condujo a evidenciar los tiempos de desarrollo de Groovy frente a los de Java al probar una aplicación codificada que corre en memoria, con ingreso de texto, almacenamiento temporal, filtro, búsqueda y consulta de listas; de manera que el resultado muestra una reducción temporal de construcción y desarrollo que impacta el corrimiento, cercana al 33%, asunto que puede resultar favorable en tareas de mayor envergadura.
Sistema de detección de obstáculos para invidentes
Authors: Alvarado Juan David , Mosquera Víctor Hugo 
Published: June 2020

La movilidad para las personas invidentes presenta un alto grado de dificultad debido a las condiciones del ambiente, por esto se han desarrollado dispositivos de ayuda con el fin de mejorar su calidad de vida. El presente artículo describe la investigación que condujo al desarrollo de un sistema de detección de obstáculos para invidentes que tiene como objetivo detectar obstáculos por medio de sensores ultrasónicos. Los datos recibidos por los sensores son comunicados al invidente por medio de un módulo de sonido indicándole la presencia del objeto; los sensores van incorporados en un chaleco de fácil uso contribuyendo con la seguridad del usuario al caminar. En el desarrollo se muestra la implementación y funcionamiento del sistema, demostrando que la detección de obstáculos resulta de manera eficaz.
Business policy modeling and enforcement in databases
Authors: Ataullah Ahmed A. , Tompa Frank Wm. 
Published: June 2020

Database systems are the central information repositories for businesses and are subject to a wide array of policies, rules and requirements. The spectrum of business level constraints implemented within database systems has expanded from classical access control to include auditing, usage control, privacy management, and records retention. The lack of a systematic mechanism of integrating and reasoning about such a diverse set of policies manifested as database level constraints makes corporate policy management a chaotic process.
In this paper we propose a general purpose policy modeling and constraint management framework that can integrate numerous aspects of business level requirements within database systems. Our proposed solution relies on a finite state modeling language for business level policies, in which users can declaratively express rules related to the normal workflow of a business process as well as specifying any undesirable states of business objects contained in a database system. The proposed system is then able to translate these policies into low level temporal integrity constraints that prevent policy violations and ensure that business objects and artifacts follow their mandated lifecycles. A formal layer for reasoning allows policy makers to discover unenforceable and conflicting policies, providing the basis to guarantee compliance for a wide array of rules that may need to be enforced on complex business objects stored in relational database systems.
OXPath
Authors: Furche Tim , Gottlob Georg , Grasso Giovanni , Schallhart Christian , Sellers Andrew 
Published: June 2020

The evolution of the web has outpaced itself: The growing wealth of information and the increasing sophistication of interfaces necessitate automated processing. Web automation and extraction technologies have been overwhelmed by this very growth.
To address this trend, we identify four key requirements of web extraction: (1) Interact with sophisticated web application interfaces, (2) Precisely capture the relevant data for most web extraction tasks, (3) Scale with the number of visited pages, and (4) Readily embed into existing web technologies.
We introduce OXPath, an extension of XPath for interacting with web applications and for extracting information thus revealed. It addresses all the above requirements. OXPath's page-at-a-time evaluation guarantees memory use independent of the number of visited pages, yet remains polynomial in time. We validate experimentally the theoretical complexity and demonstrate that its evaluation is dominated by the page rendering of the underlying browser.
Our experiments show that OXPath outperforms existing commercial and academic data extraction tools by a wide margin. OX-Path is available under an open source license.
Microsoft codename "Montego"
Authors: Maine Stephen J. , Prem Lorenz , Szyperski Clemens , Terwilliger James F. 
Published: June 2020

A fundamental problem in database systems is deriving useful information from untold quantities of data fragments that exist in the web's data stores. Data is abundant, useful information is rare.
This problem space plays host to many successful and innovative solutions from industry (e.g., [2, 4, 5, 9]), and the open-source community (e.g., [11]). Each solution has its strengths and weaknesses based their balance of utility and usability. In this paper, we demonstrate the unique approach to data mashups that Microsoft Codename "Montego" brings to the space. The "Montego" tool allows non-technical users to create complex data queries in a familiar graphical environment, while making the full expressiveness of a query language available to professional users. "Montego" operates both as a standalone client, where a user can launch it from an application like Excel® to import and manipulate data into a spreadsheet, or as a cloud service, where a user can take the product of data transformation and publish its results into a database or to the web as an OData feed.
Optical and antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized via green route using honey
Authors: Kumar Anuja S. , Madhu Gayathri , John Elza , Kuttinarayanan Shinoj Vengalathunadakal , Nair Saritha K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmong the various green synthesis methods for nanoparticle synthesis, the honey-mediated green synthesis of nanoparticles is a fast, safe, biocompatible, and cost-effective method. In the present work, we demonstrate the sunlight-induced honey-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and report the effect of light intensity, its color, and exposure time on the formation of nanoparticles. The visual inspection followed by UV-Vis spectral studies was performed to confirm the formation of silver nanoparticles. The HRTEM measurement confirms the formation of polydispersed silver particles. We further report the excellent antimicrobial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles against various strains of bacteria, which is found to be comparable to that of the antibiotic drug of choice. Our study points to further research on the possibility of considering these green synthesized silver nanoparticles as an alternative to antibiotics.
Vertical land motion in the Iberian Atlantic coast and its implications for sea level change evaluation
Authors: Mendes V. B. , Barbosa S. M. , Carinhas D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, we estimate vertical land motion for 35 stations primarily located along the coastline of Portugal and Spain, using GPS time series with at least eight years of observations. Based on this set of GPS stations, our results show that vertical land motion along the Iberian coastline is characterized, in general, by a low to moderate subsidence, ranging from −2.2 mm yr−1 to 0.4 mm yr−1, partially explained by the glacial isostatic adjustment geophysical signal. The estimates of vertical land motion are subsequently applied in the analysis of tide gauge records and compared with geocentric estimates of sea level change. Geocentric sea level for the Iberian Atlantic coast determined from satellite altimetry for the last three decades has a mean of 2.5 ± 0.6 mm yr−1, with a significant range, as seen for a subset of grid points located in the vicinity of tide gauge stations, which present trends varying from 1.5 mm yr−1 to 3.2 mm yr−1. Relative sea level determined from tide gauges for this region shows a high degree of spatial variability, that can be partially explained not only by the difference in length and quality of the time series, but also for possible undocumented datum shifts, turning some trends unreliable. In general, tide gauges corrected for vertical land motion produce smaller trends than satellite altimetry. Tide gauge trends for the last three decades not corrected for vertical land motion range from 0.3 mm yr−1 to 5.0 mm yr−1 with a mean of 2.6 ± 1.4 mm yr−1, similar to that obtained from satellite altimetry. When corrected for vertical land motion, we observe a reduction of the mean to ∼1.9 ± 1.4 mm yr−1. Actions to improve our knowledge of vertical land motion using space geodesy, such as establishing stations in co-location with tide gauges, will contribute to better evaluate sea level change and its impacts on coastal regions.
„Womit aber hatten es dieKinder des Hauses verschuldet, daß er nur für dieKnechte sorgte?“
Authors: Stiening Gideon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn Schillerʼs On Grace and Dignity of 1794, his critique of the alleged ‘rigorism’ of Kantian ethics is particularly harsh: Kant has developed an ethic for “servants” that suppresses human nature for fear of it and does not reconcile it. The essay attempts to show that this critique is based on Schillerʼs double misunderstanding: a misunderstanding of the Kantian conception and a misunderstanding of its own alternative model. This analysis and interpretation of Schillerʼs critique of Kant’s ethics also leads to the realization that Schillerʼs idea of morality is ultimately more rigid than Kantʼs theory, which was so harshly criticized.
Kant, Schiller, and the Idea of a Moral Self
Authors: Deligiorgi Katerina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe paper examines Schiller’s argument concerning the subjective experience of adopting a morality based on Kantian principles. On Schiller’s view, such experience must be marked by a continuous struggle to suppress nature, because the moral law is a purely rational and categorically commanding law that addresses beings who are natural as well as rational. Essential for Schiller’s conclusion is the account he has of what it takes to follow the law, that is, the mental states and functions that encapsulate the idea of moral self contained in Kant’s ethics. Focusing on the fundamental psychological elements and processes to which Kant’s theory appeals and on which it depends to have application, the paper defends an alternative idea of moral self to the one Schiller attributes to Kant.