bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the stress-response of dental students to the dental school environment
Authors: Mocny-Pachońska Katarzyna , Doniec Rafał , Trzcionka Agata , Pachoński Marek , Piaseczna Natalia , Sieciński Szymon , Osadcha Oleksandra , Łanowy Patrycja , Tanasiewicz Marta 
Published: May 2020

Introduction and ObjectiveDentists experience high amounts of professional stress beginning with their student years in dental school. This stress, given its early onset, may negatively impact the personal and professional lives of these individuals, as well as the quality of their clinical work. We sought to create an objective scale to evaluate the levels of stress in students at different stages of their education, as well as in practicing physicians.Materials and MethodsThirty dental students participated in this study, with 10 students each selected from junior, mid-senior, and senior classes. They were randomly divided into two groups in which one group was subjected to stressors while the other group was not. JINS MEME ES_R (JINS) smart glasses and Garmin Vivoactive 3 smartwatches were used to obtain data, including electrooculography (EOG), heart rate (HR), and accelerometer (ACC) and gyroscope (GYRO) feedback, while the subjects performed a dental exercise on a phantom tooth.ResultsThe heart rates of more experienced students were lower than those of the junior students. The EOG, ACC, and GYRO signals showed multiple differences in the measurement of amplitudes and frequency of episodes.ConclusionOur pilot results show that electronic tools, like smart glasses with software and sensors, are useful for monitoring the stress levels of dental students in preclinical operating conditions. We would like to further assess the stress levels in students performing dental procedures on phantom teeth and in later clinical interactions with patients.
In-vitro Anti-lipoxygenase and Membrane Stabilization Activity of Crude Extracts of Euphorbia lateriflora (Schum and Thonn)
Authors: A. Olasunkanmi Adedoyin , Samuel Fadahunsi  Olumide , Sinbad Olorunnisola Olubukola 
Published: May 2020

Aims: This study was aimed at evaluating the in-vitro anti-inflammatory potential of crude extracts of Euphorbia lateriflora.
Place of Study: Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Methodology: The in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of E. lateriflora were evaluated via anti-lipoxygenase and red cell membrane stabilization assays using spectrophotometric technique.
Results: The aqueous and ethanol extracts demonstrated significant anti-lipoxygenase activity with the aqueous extracts (IC50: 0.34 mg/ml) and the ethanol extracts (IC50: 0.25 mg/ml), showing comparable activity with standard indomethacin (0.27 mg/ml). Contrary to what was observed in the anti-lipoxygenase study, the aqueous extract demonstrated a better membrane stabilization activity with IC50 (1.13 mg/ml) than the ethanol extracts (5.44 mg/ml). The standard diclofenac drug had an IC50 of 1.02 mg/kg. Both the aqueous and the ethanol extracts demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory activity.
Conclusion: Observation from this study established the considerable anti-inflammatory potential of this plant by inhibiting lipoxygenase activity and stabilization the membrane of the red blood cells.
A Proposal to Standardize Low Disease Activity Criteria in Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Minimal Disease Activity Definition
Authors: Yokogawa Naoto , Shimada Kota , Sugii Shoji , Komiya Akiko , Matsui Toshihiro , Nishino Jinju , Tohma Shigeto 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveWe aimed to standardize the definition of low disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) group's proposed definition of minimal disease activity.MethodBased on a nationwide RA database, we proposed new Boolean low disease activity criteria using OMERACT's core set definition of minimal disease activity that requires the fulfillment of at least five of the following seven core set measures: a pain score of 2 or less, a swollen joint count (SJC28) of 1 or fewer, a tender joint count of 1 or fewer, a Health Assessment Questionnaire score of 0.5 or less, a Physician's Global Assessment score of 1.5 or less, a Patient's Global Assessment score of 2 or less, and an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 20 mm/h or less. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, we determined the cutoffs for the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data 3 (RAPID3), and the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28)–ESR.ResultsOf 8298 patients, 56.2% met the proposed Boolean low disease activity criteria. We determined an SDAI score of 5.5 or less and a CDAI score of 5 or less to be the new cutoffs, and we chose a DAS28 of 2.85 or less (the original cutoff for DAS‐based minimal disease activity) and a RAPID3 score of 6 or less (the original cutoff for RAPID3‐based low disease activity) with or without a swollen joint count (SJC) (SJC of 2 or fewer) as the cutoffs for DAS28 and RAPID3. The agreement between the new cutoffs for DAS28 of 2.85 or less vs. CDAI score of 5 or less, CDAI score of 5 or less vs. RAPID3 score of 6 or less (with SJC of 2 or fewer), and DAS28 of 2.85 or less vs. RAPID3 score of 6 or less (with SJC of 2 or fewer), was 0.619, 0.612 (0.702), and 0.474 (0.531), respectively.ConclusionOMERACT's minimal disease activity definition may be used to standardize the criteria for low disease activity.
Bioinspired Protein‐Based Assembling: Toward Advanced Life‐Like Behaviors
Authors: Wang Xiaoliang , Liu Xiaoman , Huang Xin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe ability of living organisms to perform structure, energy, and information‐related processes for molecular self‐assembly through compartmentalization and chemical transformation can possibly be mimicked via artificial cell models. Recent progress in the development of various types of functional microcompartmentalized ensembles that can imitate rudimentary aspects of living cells has refocused attention on the important question of how inanimate systems can transition into living matter. Hence, herein, the most recent advances in the construction of protein‐bounded microcompartments (proteinosomes), which have been exploited as a versatile synthetic chassis for integrating a wide range of functional components and biochemical machineries, are critically summarized. The techniques developed for fabricating various types of proteinosomes are discussed, focusing on the significance of how chemical information, substance transportation, enzymatic‐reaction‐based metabolism, and self‐organization can be integrated and recursively exploited in constructed ensembles. Therefore, proteinosomes capable of exhibiting gene‐directed protein synthesis, modulated membrane permeability, spatially confined membrane‐gated catalytic reaction, internalized cytoskeletal‐like matrix assembly, on‐demand compartmentalization, and predatory‐like chemical communication in artificial cell communities are specially highlighted. These developments are expected to bridge the gap between materials science and life science, and offer a theoretical foundation for developing life‐inspired assembled materials toward various applications.
Application of holographic augmented reality for external approaches to the frontal sinus
Authors: Neves Caio A. , Vaisbuch Yona , Leuze Christoph , McNab Jennifer A. , Daniel Bruce , Blevins Nikolas H. , Hwang Peter H. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundExternal approaches to the frontal sinus such as osteoplastic flaps are challenging because they require blind entry into the sinus, posing risks of injury to the brain or orbit. Intraoperative computed tomography (CT)‐based navigation is the current standard for planning the approach, but still necessitates blind entry into the sinus. The aim of this work was to describe a novel technique for external approaches to the frontal sinus using a holographic augmented reality (AR) application.MethodsOur team developed an AR system to create a 3‐dimensional (3D) hologram of key anatomical structures, based on CT scans images. Using Magic Leap AR goggles for visualization, the frontal sinus hologram was aligned to the surface anatomy in 6 fresh cadaveric heads’ anatomic boundaries, and the boundaries of the frontal sinus were demarcated based on the margins of the fused image. Trephinations and osteoplastic flap approaches were performed. The specimens were re‐scanned to assess the accuracy of the osteotomy with respect to the actual frontal sinus perimeter.ResultsRegistration and surgery were completed successfully in all specimens. Registration required an average of 2 minutes. The postprocedure CT showed a mean difference of 1.4 ± 4.1 mm between the contour of the osteotomy and the contour of the frontal sinus. One surgical complication (posterior table perforation) occurred (16%).ConclusionWe describe proof of concept of a novel technique utilizing AR to enhance external approaches to the frontal sinus. Holographic AR‐enhanced surgical navigation holds promise for enhanced visualization of target structures during surgical approaches to the sinuses.
Blockade of Discoidin Domain Receptor 2 as a Strategy for Reducing Inflammation and Joint Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis Via Altered Interleukin‐15 and Dkk‐1 Signaling in Fibroblast‐Like Synoviocytes
Authors: Mu Nan , Gu Jin‐Tao , Huang Tong‐Lie , Liu Nan‐Nan , Chen Hui , Bu Xin , Zheng Zhao‐Hui , Jia Bo , Liu Jun , Wang Bao‐Long , Wang Ying‐Mei , Zhu Zhen‐Feng , Zhang Yong , Zhang Ying‐Qi , Xue Xiao‐Chang , Li Meng , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to uncover the pathophysiologic role of discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR‐2), a putative fibrillar collagen receptor, in inflammation promotion and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsIn synovial tissue from patients with RA and from mice with collagen antibody–induced arthritis (CAIA) (using Ddr2−/− and DBA/1 mice), gene and protein expression levels of DDR‐2, interleukin‐15 (IL‐15), and Dkk‐1 were measured by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Gene knockdown of DDR2 in human RA fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) was conducted via small interfering RNA. Interaction between the long noncoding RNA H19 and microRNA 103a (miR‐103a) was assessed in RA FLS using RNA pulldown assays. Cellular localization of H19 was examined using fluorescence in situ hybridization assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays were applied to verify H19 transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation by miR‐103a.ResultsDDR2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was significantly associated with the levels of IL‐15 and Dkk‐1 mRNA in the synovial tissue of RA patients (r2 = 0.2022–0.3293, all P < 0.05; n = 33) and with the serum levels of IL‐15 and Dkk‐1 in mice with CAIA (P < 0.05). In human RA FLS, activated DDR‐2 induced the expression of H19 through c‐Myc. Moreover, H19 directly interacted with and promoted the degradation of miR‐103a.ConclusionThese results indicate a novel role for activated DDR‐2 in RA FLS, showing that DDR‐2 is responsible for regulating the expression of IL‐15 and Dkk‐1 in RA FLS and is involved in the promotion of inflammation and joint destruction during pathophysiologic development of RA. Moreover, DDR‐2 inhibition, acting through the H19–miR‐103a axis, leads to reductions in the inflammatory reaction and severity of joint destruction in mice with CAIA, suggesting that inhibition of DDR‐2 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for RA.
Correspondence: Importance of the validated serum biochemistry and hemogram parameters for rapid diagnosis and to prevent false negative results during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Aydemir Duygu , Ulusu Nuriye Nuray 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCOVID‐19 threatens millions of lives, especially elderly population and people with chronic diseases including diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Rapid and effective diagnoses are vital for the isolation of infected people and starting treatment immediately to stop the spread of COVID‐19 virus. Bioinformatics techniques such as artificial intelligence should be used for collecting the hemogram and serum biochemistry data of all COVID‐19‐ infected people worldwide, even they do not show severe symptoms. These data may help find a biomarker that can be used in combination with the CT results for rapid and accurate diagnosis of COVID‐19.
The role of renewable chemicals and biofuels in building a bioeconomy
Authors: Chandel Anuj K. , Garlapati Vijay Kumar , Jeevan Kumar S. P. , Hans Meenu , Singh Akhilesh K. , Kumar Sachin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe emergence of lignocellulosic biorefineries (LBRs) over the past few decades has shown tremendous potential for the development of sustainable renewable resources. Lignocellulosic biorefineries not only meet energy needs but also mitigate environmental problems by replacing conventional petroleum sources. Round the year availability of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) with affordable price is a major factor in the development of biorefineries. It consists primarily of sugar polymers (cellulose and hemicellulose) and lignin, which can be used to produce second‐generation (2G) biofuels such as bioethanol, biohydrogen, biobutanol, and renewable chemicals like lactic acid, succinic acid, and 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of which is predicted to be 16.43% by 2025. Several multinational companies, such as Raizen, Du Pont, BASF AG, Cargill, Braskem, and others have embarked on bio‐based chemicals / biofuels production. However, biochemicals and even biofuels have not achieved the desired commercial goals due to a lack of feasibility and a lack of innovative techniques for bioprocessing or genetic engineering. Inappropriate feedstock logistics and lack of accurate life‐cycle analyses of processes / products were also major drawbacks in developing commercially viable technologies from LCB. In this paper, therefore, recent technological advancements in LBRs, the current bio‐renewable commercialization situation, and the intrinsic role of biorefinery in the circular bioeconomy have been elucidated. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Voluntary Adopters of Integrated Reporting – Evidence on Forecast Accuracy and Firm Value
Authors: Wahl Annika , Charifzadeh Michel , Diefenbach Fabian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study investigates how integrated reporting (IR) creates value for investors. It examines how providers of financial capital benefit from an improved firm information environment provided by IR. Specifically, this study investigates the effect of voluntary IR disclosure on analyst earnings forecast accuracy as well as on firm value. To do so, we use an international sample of 167 listed companies that voluntarily publish an integrated report. Our analysis shows no significant effect of a voluntary IR publication on analyst earnings forecast accuracy and no significant effect on firm value. We thus do not find evidence for the fulfillment of IR's promises regarding improved information environment and value creation of voluntary adopters. We conclude that such companies might already have a relatively high level of transparency leading to an absent additional effect of IR disclosure. Positive effects of IR appear to be more relevant in environments where IR is mandatory.
In‐hospital outcomes of percutaneous mitral valve repair in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: insights from the national inpatient sample database
Authors: Osman Mohammed , Khan Muhammad Zia , Farjo Peter D. , Khan Muhammad U. , Khan Safi U. , Benjamin Mina M. , Munir Muhammad Bilal , Balla Sudarshan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to assess the in‐hospital outcomes in patients with mitral regurgitation treated with percutaneous mitral valve repair (PMVR) among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).BackgroundThere is lack of data on the outcomes of PMVR for mitral regurgitation in patients with COPD.MethodsWe analyzed the national inpatient sample (NIS) database from January 2012 to December 2016.ResultsA total of 9125 patients underwent PMVR in the period between January 2012 and December 2016, of whom 2,495 (27.3%) patients had concomitant COPD. Comparing COPD patients to non‐COPD patients, COPD patients had higher proportion of females (48.3% vs. 46.6%, p = .16), were younger (75.8 ± 10.0 years vs. 76.4 ± 12.2 years; p = .04), had higher prevalence of peripheral vascular disease (17.4% vs. 13.5%; p < .01) and renal failure (39.3% vs. 37%; p < .01). After propensity matching, there was no significant difference in mortality among the COPD group versus non‐COPD patients (2.6% vs. 2.9%; p = .6). Patients with COPD had higher proportion of in‐hospital morbidities including St‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (1.8% vs. 1.0%; p = .02), cardiogenic shock (1.4% vs. 0.4%; p < .01), vascular complications (2% vs. 0.8; p < .01), pneumothorax (1% vs. 0.4%; p < .01), and septic shock (1.2% vs. 0.4%; p < .01). Moreover, surrogates of severe disability (mechanical intubation and non‐home discharges), cost of hospitalization, and length of stay were higher in the COPD group.ConclusionsThere was no difference in mortality between the COPD and non‐COPD patients after PMVR. Moreover, we observed higher rates of in‐hospital morbidities, surrogates of severe disability, and higher resources utilization by the COPD group.
Septic perimyocarditis due to a right‐sided infective endocarditis of atypical morphology in a 33‐year‐old woman
Authors: Wenzel Jan‐Per , Schrage Benedikt , Sinning Christoph , Blankenberg Stefan , Zengin‐Sahm Elvin , Lubos Edith 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPerimyocarditis should be considered in patients with endocarditis not improving with conventional therapy and without typical valvular abnormalities. Vegetations can be sited anywhere in the atrium or ventricle and exhibit multiple shapes.
Serotonin distribution in the brain of the plainfin midshipman: Substrates for vocal‐acoustic modulation and a reevaluation of the serotonergic system in teleost fishes
Authors: Timothy Miky , Forlano Paul M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSerotonin (5‐HT) is a modulator of neural circuitry underlying motor patterning, homeostatic control, and social behavior. While previous studies have described 5‐HT distribution in various teleosts, serotonergic raphe subgroups in fish are not well defined and therefore remain problematic for cross‐species comparisons. Here we used the plainfin midshipman fish, Porichthys notatus, a well‐studied model for investigating the neural and hormonal mechanisms of vertebrate vocal‐acoustic communication, to redefine raphe subgroups based on both stringent neuroanatomical landmarks as well as quantitative cell measurements. In addition, we comprehensively characterized 5‐HT‐immunoreactive (‐ir) innervation throughout the brain, including well‐delineated vocal and auditory nuclei. We report neuroanatomical heterogeneity in populations of the serotonergic raphe nuclei of the brainstem reticular formation, with three discrete subregions in the superior raphe, an intermediate 5‐HT‐ir cell cluster, and an extensive inferior raphe population. 5‐HT‐ir neurons were also observed within the vocal motor nucleus (VMN), forming putative contacts on those cells. In addition, three major 5‐HT‐ir cell groups were identified in the hypothalamus and one group in the pretectum. Significant 5‐HT‐ir innervation was found in components of the vocal pattern generator and cranial motor nuclei. All vocal midbrain nuclei showed considerable 5‐HT‐ir innervation, as did thalamic and hindbrain auditory and lateral line areas and vocal‐acoustic integration sites in the preoptic area and ventral telencephalon. This comprehensive atlas offers new insights into the organization of 5‐HT nuclei in teleosts and provides neuroanatomical evidence for serotonin as a modulator of vocal‐acoustic circuitry and behavior in midshipman fish, consistent with findings in vocal tetrapods.
A pilot in silico modeling‐based study of the pathological effects on the biomechanical function of tricuspid valves
Authors: Laurence Devin W. , Johnson Emily L. , Hsu Ming‐Chen , Baumwart Ryan , Mir Arshid , Burkhart Harold M. , Holzapfel Gerhard A. , Wu Yi , Lee Chung‐Hao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCurrent clinical assessment of functional tricuspid valve regurgitation relies on metrics quantified from medical imaging modalities. Although these clinical methodologies are generally successful, the lack of detailed information about the mechanical environment of the valve presents inherent challenges for assessing tricuspid valve regurgitation. In the present study, we have developed a finite element‐based in silico model of one porcine tricuspid valve (TV) geometry to investigate how various pathological conditions affect the overall biomechanical function of the TV. There were three primary observations from our results. Firstly, the results of the papillary muscle (PM) displacement study scenario indicated more pronounced changes in the TV biomechanical function. Secondly, compared to uniform annulus dilation, nonuniform dilation scenario induced more evident changes in the von Mises stresses (83.8‐125.3 kPa vs 65.1‐84.0 kPa) and the Green‐Lagrange strains (0.52‐0.58 vs 0.47‐0.53) for the three TV leaflets. Finally, results from the pulmonary hypertension study scenario showed opposite trends compared to the PM displacement and annulus dilation scenarios. Furthermore, various chordae rupture scenarios were simulated, and the results showed that the chordae tendineae attached to the TV anterior and septal leaflets may be more critical to proper TV function. This in silico modeling‐based study has provided a deeper insight into the tricuspid valve pathologies that may be useful, with moderate extensions, for guiding clinical decisions.Novelty StatementThe novelties of the research are summarized below:
A comprehensive in silico pilot study of how isolated functional tricuspid regurgitation pathologies and ruptured chordae tendineae would alter the tricuspid valve function;
An extensive analysis of the tricuspid valve function, including mechanical quantities (eg, the von Mises stress and the Green‐Lagrange strain) and clinically‐relevant geometry metrics (eg, the tenting area and the coaptation height); and
A developed computational modeling pipeline that can be extended to evaluate patient‐specific tricuspid valve geometries and enhance the current clinical diagnosis and treatment of tricuspid regurgitation.