bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry Unveils Nsp10 Inhibitors with Antiviral Potential Against SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Jumde Ravindra P. , Jézéquel Gwenaëlle , Saramago Margarida , Frank Nicolas , Adam Sebastian , Cunha Marta V. , Bader Chantal D. , Gunesch Antonia P. , Köhler Natalie M. , Johannsen Sandra , Bousis Spyridon , Pietschmann Thomas , Matos Rute G. , Müller Rolf , Arraiano Cecília M. , Hirsch Anna K. H. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe development of antiviral drugs against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) responsible for the recent Covid‐19 pandemic is crucial, as treatment options remain limited and vaccination does not prevent (re)infection. Two relatively underexplored targets of this virus are the 3′‐5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN) and the 2’‐O‐methyltransferase (2′‐O‐MTase), both essential for viral viability. The non‐structural proteins Nsp14 and Nsp16 exhibit enzymatic activities for ExoN and 2′‐O‐MTase, respectively, especially when in complex with their co‐factor protein Nsp10. The study focuses on the use of target‐directed dynamic combinatorial chemistry (tdDCC) to identify binders of Nsp10, aiming to disturb the protein‐protein interactions (PPI) involving Nsp10‐Nsp14, as well as Nsp10‐Nsp16. We synthesised the hits and evaluated them to assess Nsp10 affinity, ExoN and 2′‐O‐MTase activities inhibition, and antiviral activity in hCoV‐229E and SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected whole‐cell settings. This study reports a novel class of ExoN and/or 2′‐O‐MTase inhibitors exhibiting antiviral activity against coronaviruses.
Heterogeneous Catalytic Oxidations with In Situ‐Generated Hypervalent Iodine‐Based Porous Organic Polymers
Authors: Tamuly Parag , Parida Keshaba Nanda , Quideau Stéphane , Narasimha Moorthy Jarugu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPorous organic polymers (POPs) are novel emergent materials for heterogeneous organocatalysis owing to their remarkable physicochemical stabilities. Through a bottom‐up approach entailing diligent design of twisted biaryl building blocks with in‐built o‐iodobenzoic acid (IA) moieties, a series of POP precatalysts, p‐OMeIA‐POP, DiMeIA‐POP, and m‐OMeIA‐POP, were synthesized by employing Friedel‐Crafts alkylation. These IA‐POP precatalysts can undergo in situ oxidation in the presence of Oxone® to generate hypervalent iodine(V) species (λ5‐iodanes), in particular, modified o‐iodoxybenzoic acid, popularly termed IBX, which mediates diverse oxidative transformations. The applications of m‐OMeIA‐POP as a heterogeneous precatalyst in the presence of Oxone® are demonstrated for facile oxidation of i) primary and secondary alcohols to carbonyl compounds, ii) cleavage of olefins, vicinal diols, and acyloins into carboxylic acids and iii) oxidation of diols to lactones; the in situ formation of the λ5‐iodane species in catalytic amounts precludes potential explosive attributes of IBX. It is shown that the IA‐precatalyst (m‐OMeIA‐POP) can be easily recycled without any loss of catalytic activity. The results constitute the first demonstration of the development of IA‐bearing POP precatalysts for in situ generation of hypervalent iodine(V) species and various heterogeneous oxidations mediated therefrom.
Insight into Stabilization of G‐Quadruplex in c‐MYC Region with Phenanthroimidazoisoindol‐Acrylates and their Binding Behaviour towards Human Serum Albumin
Authors: Thakur Rekha , Luxami Vijay , Paul Kamaldeep 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe interaction of G‐quadruplex (non‐canonical DNA) with suitable compounds for their stabilization at the promoter region of oncogenes has become a potential anticancer approach. We have studied the interaction of phenanthroimidazoisoindol‐acrylates derivatives with c‐MYC G‐quadruplex. A series of 20 compounds were evaluated for their anticancer activity against human cancer cell lines, where compounds 3 fa, 3 ha, and 3 ae have shown the broad‐spectrum anticancer activities against most of the cancer cell lines and inactive towards normal cell lines. Various spectroscopic techniques have been used to study the interaction of these compounds. The studies reveal the strong binding of all three compounds with c‐MYC G‐quadruplex with significant selectivity over dsDNA, with binding constant of the order of 106 M−1. All three compounds bind effectively with HSA, which is a carrier protein, with binding constant of the order of 105 M−1. These results show that phenanthroimidazoisoindol‐acrylate derivatives exhibit specificity towards G4 DNA, highlighting their potential as effective anticancer agents targeting the c‐MYC G‐quadruplex.
A US‐Based Consensus on Diagnostic Overlap and Distinction for Pediatric Feeding Disorder and Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Authors: Estrem Hayley H. , Pederson Jaclyn L. , Dodrill Pamela , Romeo Cuyler , Thompson Kelsey , Thomas Jennifer J. , Zucker Nancy , Noel Richard , Zickgraf Hana , Menzel Jessie , Lukens Colleen T. , Goday Praveen S. , MacLaughlin Sarah , Sharp William G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveAs diagnoses covering dysfunctional feeding and eating in pediatrics, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) contain inherent areas of overlap in their diagnostic criteria. Areas of overlap include criteria regarding nutritional consequences associated with feeding/eating dysfunction and shared emphasis on possible psychosocial impairment associated with restricted food intake. Complicating the differential diagnosis process is a lack of guidance regarding when the two conditions occur independently, co‐qualify, and/or transition into the other. Feeding Matters' Research Initiatives Task Force planned and hosted a PFD‐ARFID consensus meeting, with the aim of reaching a consensus regarding diagnostic clarity on PFD and ARFID.MethodCriteria for participation focused on US residents who either: (a) served as an author on the ARFID workgroup or PFD consensus papers, or (b) provided community representation via board or committee roles. The consensus process followed three stages: prework, the meeting, and post‐work/writing. Twelve participants were present for the meeting, with 14 involved in pre‐ and post‐work/writing.ResultsThe final panel included four psychologists representing the ARFID community and seven multidisciplinary members representing PFD's four domains (medical, nutrition, skill, and psychosocial) plus a Zero‐to‐Three community representative and two representatives from Feeding Matters. Results yielded 10 consensus statements and visuals to support the consensus statements.DiscussionThe consensus process and results underscore an ongoing need to improve diagnostic systems and reinforce calls for strengthening healthcare expertise for both PFD and ARFID. Community‐based participatory research is recommended to advance both diagnoses and reduce ambiguity in practice settings.
Virulence Evolution via Pleiotropy in Vector‐Borne Plant Pathogens
Authors: Woodruff Elise , Hardy Nate B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe dynamics of virulence evolution in vector‐borne plant pathogens can be complex. Here, we use individual‐based, quantitative‐genetic simulations to investigate how virulence evolution depends on genetic trade‐offs and population structure. Although quite generic, the model is inspired by the ecology of the plant‐pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, and we use it to gain insights into possible modes of virulence evolution in that group. In particular, we aim to sharpen our intuition about how virulence may evolve over short time scales via antagonistically pleiotropic alleles affecting pathogen performance within hosts and vectors. We find that even when pathogens find themselves much more often in hosts than vectors, selection in the vector environment can cause correlational and potentially non‐adaptive changes in virulence in the host. The extent of such correlational virulence evolution depends on many system parameters, including the pathogen transmission rate, the proportion of the pathogen population occurring in hosts, the strengths of selection in host and vector environments, and the functional relationship between pathogen load and virulence. But there is a statistical interaction between the strength of selection in vectors and the proportion of the pathogen population in hosts, such that if within‐vector selection is strong enough, over the short term, it can dominate virulence evolution, even when the host environment predominates.
How, What, and Where You Sample Environmental DNA Affects Diversity Estimates and Species Detection
Authors: Kirtane Anish , Howard Leif , Beaver Caitlin E. , Hunter Margaret E. , Luikart Gordon , Deiner Kristy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) is a complex mixture of DNA, varying in particle sizes and distributed heterogeneously in aquatic systems. Optimizing eDNA sampling is crucial for maximizing species detection, particularly in high‐risk scenarios like invasive species management. In this study, we compare two eDNA sampling methods ‐ namely tow net and grab sample, where the tow nets process large volumes of water (3500–7000 L) through a 64 μm pore size and the grab samples process 1 L sample at a single point through 0.45–1.2 μm pore size membranes. We compared these methods to ascertain what most influences (1) the detection of invasive species (Dreissena mussels and Burmese pythons) using qPCR or ddPCR and (2) total diversity monitoring of metazoan, protist, and fungi community using a COI marker and plant communities using the ITS marker. Sampling was conducted across a wide geography and diverse aquatic environments in Minnesota and Florida, USA, and Switzerland. The tow net samples had significantly higher eDNA yield compared to grab samples; however, they exhibited equal or lower alpha diversity of OTUs (Operational Taxonomic Units). The two sampling methods measured different beta diversity of communities detected with the COI marker across all three regions, highlighting the impact of the sampling method on the diversity of eDNA captured. In comparison, the beta diversity of plant eDNA was less impacted by the sampling method. We found no clear difference in detection for the invasive species targets based on the eDNA sampling method. These results underscore the need for pilot studies before conducting biodiversity inventory and monitoring, and a need for a greater understanding of not just how much, but also what, eDNA is captured depending on method choice, considering both spatial and particle size heterogeneity.
Effect of sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction across the age spectrum in PARAGON‐HF
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Vardeny Orly , Claggett Brian , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Hegde Sheila M. , Skali Hicham , Pabon Maria A. , Foà Alberto , Chatur Safia , Kosztin Annamaria , O'Meara Eileen , Rouleau Jean , Redfield Margaret , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Zile Michael , Packer Milton , Shah Amil M. , Cikes Maja , Gori Mauro , Merkely Bela , Pfeffer Marc A. , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. 
Published: December 2024

AimsTo evaluate clinical outcomes, echocardiographic features, and the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan compared to valsartan across age groups in the PARAGON‐HF trial.Methods and resultsA total of 4796 participants ≥50 years of age with chronic heart failure (HF) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥45% were divided into three age groups: <65 years (n = 825), 65–74 years (n = 1772), and ≥75 years (n = 2199). Echocardiograms of 1097 patients were analysed in a standardized fashion at a core imaging laboratory. The primary composite outcome was total HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular (CV) death. Older patients were more likely to experience primary composite outcomes (compared to patients <65 years, adjusted rate ratio [aRR] for ≥75 years: 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21–1.61), total HF hospitalization (aRR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09–1.49), and CV death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.04, 95% CI 1.44–2.87). Age did not modify the effect of sacubitril/valsartan compared to valsartan on primary composite endpoint (pinteraction = 0.79) in the overall population or in those with LVEF ≤57%. Older adults randomized to sacubitril/valsartan were more likely to develop hypotension compared to those receiving valsartan (pinteraction = 0.026). Older patients had smaller left ventricular chamber sizes, higher LVEF, and were more likely to have abnormal measures of diastolic function.ConclusionOlder patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction had higher event rates than younger patients, more adverse events overall, and more hypotension when treated with sacubitril/valsartan; however, the treatment benefits of sacubitril/valsartan were retained in older patients.
Enhancing Vehicle Trajectory Quality: A Two‐Step Data Reconstruction Method Using Wavelet Transform and Normal Acceleration Value
Authors: Zhang Xia , Gao Yacong , Zhou Chenjing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTData reconstruction is essential in enhancing the quality of vehicle trajectory data. Previous studies have identified the location of abnormal data inaccurately, resulting in poor trajectory reconstruction results. This study proposed a two‐step reconstruction method. The first step detected the locations of obviously abnormal speed data using wavelet transform. Then, the abnormal data were repaired by the cubic spline curve interpolation algorithm. The second stage identified the locations of abnormal acceleration data based on the general acceleration value. And the vehicle trajectory data were reconstructed using Lagrange interpolation and Kalman filter algorithms. The approach was utilized on NGSIM trajectory data. The results show that the acceleration values of the proposed method range from −6.69 m/s2 to 4.96 m/s2, with a standard deviation of 0.87. The reconstructed results are more closely matching drivers' physiological capabilities compared to other methods. These findings verify the reliability of the proposed approach and notably improve the quality of the trajectory data. It provides critical foundational data support for traffic planning, design, and management.
Effect of substituting water source on the methane production from lignocellulosic biowaste during anaerobic digestion
Authors: Chen Da , Song Chao , Jin Yan , Chen Chang , Liu Guangqing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe escalating global volume of sewage discharge presents a formidable challenge for sewage treatment facilities, necessitating the efficient utilization of sewage. Given the substantial demand on water resource during anaerobic digestion (AD), this study investigated the feasibility of substituting pure water with sewage as the main water source for AD using six diverse lignocellulosic wastes (rice straw, vinegar residue, cattle manure, sheep manure, napkin, and office wastepaper) as feedstocks. The results showed that the methane production of lignocellulosic waste + raw wastewater (WW) during AD increased by at least 5% compared with the control groups. Specially, the cumulative methane yield of napkin mixed with the WW reached to 218.3 mL/gVS with the increase of 47.8% compared with the control group (147.7 mL/gVS). The results indicated that the relative abundance of characteristic bacteria and methanogenic archaea during AD was closely related to the kinds of feedstocks and water source. The addition of WW increased the relative abundance of bacteria and archaea in the digester, which might be the main reason for the higher methane production with the addition of WW. Treated wastewater and reclaimed water had a relatively neglectable impact on the microbial community structure in AD. This study not only saved water resources in AD but also provided a strong reference for resource utilization of sewage and organic solid waste.
Home video review in a pediatric clinical neurophysiology led multidisciplinary team meeting
Authors: Rhys‐Potter Aneirin , Cunha Maria , Sparkes Matthew , Agirre‐Arrizubieta Zaloa , Goyal Sushma , Winston Joel S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveAssessment of the value of review of home videos by a pediatric multidisciplinary team (MDT) in a pediatric neurophysiology department.MethodsWe describe and evaluate the review of home videos alongside clinical history and previous investigations from patients referred to the Evelina pediatric EEG department at a twice‐monthly MDT meeting between 01/2021 and 09/2022. We retrospectively analyzed measures of video quality, quantity and duration, time taken from referral to MDT meeting, pre‐MDT and post‐MDT meeting proposed diagnosis and clinical outcomes. Feedback from referring doctors was obtained by a survey.ResultsThere were 36 referrals for 34 patients totalling 123 videos. There was a median delay of 10 days between video upload and final report. After the MDT meeting the number of referrals classified as uncertain fell from 15 to 2. The number of referrals classified as non‐epileptic events increased from seven to 18. The number classified as infantile spasms fell from six to two. Overall, 26 of 36 referrals had a change in diagnosis and 26 of 36 referrals were triaged away from the video‐EEG telemetry (VT) waiting list. Nine out of ten referring doctors reported that MDT discussion improved their understanding of the events.SignificanceHVR is a useful tool that has been successfully incorporated into our neurophysiology department's workflow. These early results suggest benefits from adopting an MDT meeting may include an early diagnosis and management approach based upon consensus. Using HVR in a pediatric population may help triage urgent cases, conserve specialized neurophysiological investigations and streamline workflows to improve the efficiency of pediatric referrals.
Measuring Indigenous food security—A case for Indigenous designed tools
Authors: Deen Caroline , Sherriff Simone , Shelling Madeline , Gall Alana , Cubillo Beau , Te Morenga Lisa , Brimblecombe Julie , Matthews Veronica 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFood insecurity disproportionately impacts Indigenous peoples, leading to significant health disparities. Indigenous peoples globally share a deep and interconnected relationship to their lands, waterways and seas that ensures optimum health, and cultural, spiritual, social and emotional wellbeing. However, food security definitions and assessment frameworks in research and policy predominantly stem from capitalist and colonial food system values. These frameworks often fail to recognise the Indigenous knowledge systems and cultural practices that support food security. Experiences of food security are culturally bound. Therefore, any instrument to measure the food security experiences of Indigenous peoples should be culturally grounded, appropriate and safe, plus include relevant dimensions such as access to traditional foods, community sharing practices and spiritual connections to the land.
The Immunosuppressive Functions of Eosinophils Are Compromised in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis, Particularly Concerning Rab27a Expression
Authors: Liao Yun , Li Minyao , Song Shuo , Xu Xuejie , Xiao Xiaojun , Liu Yu , Yang Gui , Yang Pingchang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEosinophils have been acknowledged to be involved in the induction of numerous inflammatory disorders. There is still a lack of knowledge about whether eosinophils play a role in immune regulation. The aim of this study is to uncover the immune regulatory functions of eosinophils.MethodsBlood samples were collected from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and healthy control subjects. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from blood samples. Eosinophils were purified from PBMCs using flow cytometry cell sorting and analyzed using immunological approaches.ResultsThe results showed that eosinophils from healthy subjects had immune regulatory functions on T cell proliferation and cytokine release. Impairment of eosinophil immune regulatory functions was found in AR patients, which was associated with AR responses. Elevated Rab27a expression in eosinophils was associated with their impaired immune regulatory functions and the increased AR responses. Rab27a controlled the release of mediators from eosinophils. Low concentrations of Eosinophil mediators could trigger immune regulatory responses, while high concentrations could trigger inflammatory responses. Regulating Rab27a restored the immune regulatory functions of eosinophils of AR patients.ConclusionsEosinophils have immune regulatory functions, which are controlled by the expression of Rab27a. Regulation of Rab27a can improve the immune regulatory functions of eosinophils. The data suggest that inhibition of Rab27a can be a drug candidate for the treatment of eosinophil‐related disorders.
Dyadic Resistance in Parent‐Adolescent Interactions During the Transition to High School
Authors: Ji Daniel , Marshall Sheila K. , Charles Grant 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAlthough prior research has examined adolescents' resistance to parental control, the dyadic level of analysis has been overlooked. This study attended to how a Canadian sample of parents and adolescents engaged in resisting one another by observing moment‐to‐moment actions as they discussed the upcoming transition to high school.MethodsA secondary analysis of data collected from 2010 to 2012 using the Action‐Project Method was conducted. The sample of 27 parent‐adolescent dyads (23 mothers; 4 fathers); 13 boys, 14 girls (Mean youth age = 13.3) was recruited from two urban centers. Videorecorded self‐directed conversations were immediately followed by open‐ended video recall interviews. A novel way of analyzing data at the dyadic level of analysis was developed based on critical reflexive thematic analysis guided by social constructionist theory.ResultsResistance was observed at least once in 23 of the 27 conversations (total = 97, range = 0−9, Mean = 3.63, SD = 2.69). Four distinct themes were developed: Reminding of and then defending the “constant battle” lines, Cautious avoidance, the Nudging match, and No point anymore and minimal responses. Dyads varied in frequency and number of themes in their conversations with 78.56% engaging in more than one theme. Most differences came to a trickling of resistance wherein members did not agree but continued to interact without extending the resistance further.ConclusionsA dyad‐centric approach to analysis was useful for observing how parents and adolescents engaged in resistance together. Our findings suggest that resistance can be seen as a dyadic concept that reflects a personalized relationship history that has implications for parent and youth identity development.
What's in a Name: Your PLEX or PEX Is Our TPE
Authors: Sahin Ziver , Christensen Aaron , Guarente Juliana , Vivero Angelica , Karp Julie Katz 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) guidelines, the abbreviation for therapeutic plasma exchange is standardized as TPE. However, the term PLEX (derived from PLasma EXchange), among others, is not infrequently encountered in clinical practice and in publications. Search queries were performed in PubMed using therapeutic plasma exchange, plasma exchange, “therapeutic plasma exchange,” “plasma exchange,” TPE plasma, PLEX plasma, PEX plasma, TPE, PLEX, and PEX. As compared to TPE, the term PLEX was more commonly used in articles related to neurology, nephrology, and rheumatology, while the term PEX was used in some hematology, apheresis, and medicine journals to a lesser extent. Unsurprisingly, the terms PLEX and PEX were rarely used in articles published in apheresis and transfusion medicine journals. The use of these differing terms may lead to confusion among patients and healthcare providers across medical specialties. Apheresis providers should advocate for the use of standard terminology.