bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure of adhesively bonded single lap joints with MWCNT and Fullerene C60 in the adhesive due to tensile loading
Authors: Amit Kumar R , Asokan R , Jhanji Kanu Priya , Nagapavan Battula , Sujith Kumar Reddy P , Venkata Gireesh M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
To create a better and stronger single lap joint that has the potential of sustaining the damage load to a greater extent, nano particles like multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and Fullerene C60 were dispersed in the adhesive. Though the joints made by adhesive bonding are stronger in themselves but the use of nano particle can further increase the damage load carrying capacity. The current research focuses on developing adhesively bonded single lap joints (ABSLJ’s) by dispersing MWCNT and Fullerene C60 in the adhesive at a weight percentage of 1% and 3% by ultrasonication. Carbon fiber fabric was used as adherend and a two part epoxy system was used as an adhesive. By using the metallic shims, the thickness of adhesive was retained at 0.5 mm and 1 mm. Results reveals that the joints made with the use of MWCNT showed better load bearing capacity compared to that of the joints made with Fullerene C60. It was even revealed that with the rise in the thickness of the adhesive, the joint strength decreased. An increase of 154% in the joint strength was obtained for joint sample with 3 wt % MWCNT and 0.5 mm adhesive thickness compared to non doped joints. As the adhesive thickness was raised to 1 mm, for the same weight percentage the joint strength dipped by 16%. While for Fullerene C60, increase in the joint strength was seen at 1 wt % with 0.5 mm adhesive thickness followed by a 15% dip in strength at 1 mm adhesive thickness.
Modeling and analysis of residual stresses in castings using AlSi12(Fe) and NiCu30(Fe) materials
Authors: Sandeep Manikyam , Sandeep M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Two individual high-pressure die-casting geometries were developed in order to study the influence of process parameters and different alloys on the distortion behavior of castings. These geometries were a stress lattice and a V-shaped sample tending to form residual stress due to different wall thickness respectively by a deliberate massive gating system. In the exploratory castings impact most significant procedure parameters, for example, pass on temperature and bite the dust opening time and cooling system was inspected. The time advancement of procedure temperatures was estimated utilizing warm imaging. The warmth move coefficients were adjusted to watched temperature circulations. Castings were created from the two compounds AlSi12 and AlSi10MnMg. The contortion castings was estimated by methods for material estimating gadget. For compound AlSi10MnMg thermo physical and thermo-mechanical information were gotten utilizing differential filtering calorimetry, laser streak strategy, dilatometry and pliable testing at raised temperatures. These information were utilized for displaying material conduct AlSi10MnMg amalgam in numerical model while for compound AlSi12(Fe) writing information were utilized. Procedure and stress reenactment were led utilizing business FEM programming ANSYS Workbench. A study on aftereffects examination among reenactment and analysis is given for both compounds. In this task we are doing material enhancement to build holding quality for two materials. Here 3D model structured in professional C programming and investigation done on ANSYS programming.
A study on influence of peak current and ultrasonic vibration during powder mixed electrical discharge machining process
Authors: Rajesh J V , Giridharan Abimannan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the influence of peak current and induced ultrasonic vibration into the dielectric medium during powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) process. Molybdenum-di-sulphide powder of 90nm size is used as conductive particle mixed in hydrocarbon based dielectric medium during EDM process. Peak current is varied at 0.5A, 2A, 9A and 21A; parameters such as pulse duration 10μs, gap voltage 20V and duty factor 2 were maintained constant. Two set of experiments were conducted by varying peak current; one by induced ultrasonic vibration during PMEDM and another without ultrasonic vibration. The effect of peak current and ultrasonic vibration on material removal rate, surface roughness and crater diameter were analysed. Scanning electron microscope images and 2D roughness profile were used to analyse surface integrity. It is observed that the induced ultrasonic vibration improves MRR by 6 times, surface roughness (Ra) of 1.464 µm, small crater diameter and debris free surface is achieved.
Rectification of the improper mating of the rack and valve assembly using Six Sigma methodology at a steering manufacturing & assembly plant.
Authors: Pathan Aftab A. , Vijayaragavan E 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrecision automobile components and the automobile assembly systems are found to be the building element of any automobile, thus it is evident for the stakeholders to take utmost care and ensure that the most superior quality is delivered to the market. The minus cost principle says that when the quality is assured the time taken for the production is more which results in low volumes and where the volume is concerned the quality is compromised. Thus, focusing on one parameter results in the disturbance of the other. Hence, it should be balanced in such a way that the quality achieved is superior and with high volumes. While concentrating on the two parameters the parameter which is often neglected is the cost and it is found to be one of the most significant parameters for which the stakeholders have to focus upon. The following study illustrates how the quality factor was accounting for the heavy loss in a steering manufacturing company and how was the problem addressed with the most optimized solution thus eliminating the cost of poor quality. During the assembly of the steering system, three major components; the rack gear, the pinion gear and the housing are clustered and allowed to fit perfectly according to the design specification. Thus the method adopted to achieve the results was Six Sigma DMAIC Methodology. The DMAIC is an acronym for the Define Measure Analyze Improve and Control which is widely used in industries to address the problems when the problem is not easily identifiable.
Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys by stir casting process
Authors: Razal Rose A , Harris Samuel R , Makawana Tirth , Makawana Raj , Pal Somnath 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Magnesium alloys are light metal for weight reduction without compromising its overall strength to weight ratio. Mg Alloys containing Zinc, Manganese and Aluminum were found to be suitable for automobile and aerospace applications and is also cheaper to produce. Aluminum improves cast ability. Stir casting is one of the most economical processes suitable for the production of metal alloys due to its simplicity. Zinc contributes towards improvement of strength at ambient temperatures. Manganese offers corrosion resistance, but has low solubility. Change in composition of an alloy could change its properties, depending on the property imparted by the metal. In this paper, the detailed characterization of magnesium alloys was analyzed and results showed that there is a significant improvement in mechanical and metallurgical properties in novel magnesium alloys.
Experimental Studies of Different thick Steel sheets and variable clearance in MIG Brazing
Authors: Muthuraju K , LakshmanKumar Abburi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Current automotive industry trend is developing the new materials and technologies for automobile BIW to enhance the latest stringent requirements like safety, weight and safer body. Main aim is to reduce the weight of body without compromising the targeted quality and safety norms. One of the solutions is different grades of steel sheets and different thickness combination are used combinedly to weld depend on the function of the designed structural component. Reduction of weight is searched most in the recent high strength steels. Target is to reduce dead load and reduce the cost. In this scenario roof outer and inner panel which is having closed ring type assembly. For ring panel assembly different thickness materials and variable clearance joinery is welded by MIG brazing tags. As per benchmark study the strongest joint 930.8 Mpa is achieved when the joint clearance is .038mm. When the clearance is narrower than it’s harder for the filler metal to distribute itself adequately throughout the joint and joint strength is weakened. Conversely, if the gap is wider than necessary, the strength of the joint will be reduced almost to that of the filler metal itself. But in ordinary day-to-day brazing, need not this much precise to get a sufficiently strong joint. In this study analyzing the tensile shearing strength of the joinery with respect to the thickness and variable clearance. Also, parameters contributing to the strength variation. MIG brazing welding processes is using CMT machine and CuSi3 of brazing wire.
Product Design & development of High-Pressure moulding machine and analysis of various mould properties
Authors: Lavakumar M , Arokya Agustin S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Although there are many advanced technologies for metal casting, green sand casting is one of the most commonly used casting processes today due to its low cost of raw materials, and ability to produce a variety of castings both in size and composition, and the ability to recycle the moulding sand. The green sand-casting process is one of the most versatile processes in manufacturing because it is used for most metals and alloys even with high melting temperatures such as iron, copper, and nickel. Understanding the conventional and modern green sand moulding method can help redesign for manufacturability and utilize processes for modernization of foundry; that meet specific requirements. The flexibility of moulding is demonstrated by the number of moulding processes currently available. This wide range of choices offers design engineers and component users’ enormous flexibility in their metal forming needs. Each process offers distinct advantages and benefits when matched with the proper product application. This project is to design a high-pressure moulding machine and study, compare mould properties achieved by different moulding methods, that help improve product quality.
Effect of heat input on TIG welding of hastelloy C-276
Authors: Mahidhar Vasareddy , Sampreet K R , Vinay Chiguluri Shai , Maheswaran C B , Deepan Bharathi Kannan T 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, an attempt is made to study the effect of heat input on mechanical and metallurgical properties of Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welded Hastelloy C-276 sheets. Hastelloy C-276 sheets of thickness 1.6mm were used throughout this study. Three butt joints were made by varying the values of welding current in the steps of 1 Ampere. The weld quality was assessed by measuring bead geometry, tensile strength and microhardness. From the experimental results, it was found that the hardness proportionally varied with the change in welding current whereas tensile strength first increased and then decreased with increase in welding current. The weld property variation is discussed with the aid of microstructures taken from Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffractometer (XRD).
A Detailed Review on Electric Vehicles Battery Thermal Management System
Authors: Katoch Sourav Singh , Eswaramoorthy M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Conventional fuels operated an internal combustion engines are the major sources of carbon emissions and it causes environmental degradation. Electric Vehicles (EVs) offers best efficient and cost effective solution for the above said issue, if the battery charging done by renewable energy conversion base routes when compared to conventional based route. EVs are using lithium-ion batteries for energy storage and it have many challenges like low efficiency at low and high temperatures, decline of electrode’s life at high temperature and safety concerns related to thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries are the directly impact on performance, reliability, cost and safety of the vehicle. Overheating caused by electron’s movements during chemical reactions during the charging and discharging process in elevated temperatures can lead to fatal destruction of the batteries. Hence an efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is one of the most necessary technologies for success of the electric vehicles in the long term. Hence, in this review paper, various types of battery thermal management system along with opportunities for advancement are reviewed. It is concluded that there is a lot of scope for future research in the BTMS for electric vehicles.
Effect of Nozzle Hole Number on Diesel Engine Using Diesel and Biodiesel Blends
Authors: Sabareesh Kumaran S , Raghu P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this work the experiment was carried out to investigate the performance, combustion and emissions by changing the number of nozzle holes of the injector such as 3 hole, 4 hole and 5 hole by maintaining the hole diameter as 0.25mm. The experiments are executed on Kirloskar 4-stroke computerized single cylinder air cooled and electrical dynamometer coupled DI diesel engine with diesel, Rubber seed methyl ester and B20 Blend as fuels at 1500 rpm, with the injection timing of 23.4°BTDC with an injection pressure of 240 bar maintained constant throughout the experiment. It is found that 4 hole nozzle gives higher brake thermal efficiency, lower specific fuel consumption, CO, HC, for Diesel, Biodiesel and B20 Blend compared with other two nozzle holes. However the NOX got increased which is more for all the tested fuels by varying a number of nozzle hole diameter.
Experimental investigation of effect of CI-engine fuelled with camphor-oil diesel blend with additive of DTE (Diethyl-Ether)
Authors: Sharma Aditya , Shukla Harshit , Sathish Kumar A , Manikandaraja G , Malarmannan S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A Test Rig consisting of Combustion Ignition engine fuelled with camphor oil blended in the ratio B50 with 5% and 10% DTE (Diethyl ether) is guided for varying loads in the range of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The result illustrates that increase in concentration camphor oil increases the Brake thermal efficiency with lower values of Brake specific fuel consumption. Also better emissions were recorded with notable decrease in parameters such as CO, HC and increase in the CO2. The introduction of DTE in the blended fuel has been tested and obtained comparable results to that of addition of pure camphor oil in varying proportions, with increases in brake thermal efficiency and limiting in specific fuel consumption values, the effect on the emission characteristics by addition of DTE results in a lower CO, HC, NOX and Smoke with an increase in the CO2. The effective mixing of camphor oil and DTE yield satisfactory result on the performance characteristics at lower load as well as in higher loads.
Solidification characteristics of phase change material in a rectangular finned spherical capsule
Authors: Premnath D , Chandrasekaran P , Ganapathy Subramanian L R 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis work investigates the solidification characteristics of deionized water in a stainless steel spherical capsule fitted with rectangular fins immersed in a constant temperature bath. Experiments are carried at three different bath temperatures (-6,-9, and -12°C). Four rectangular fins of size 20.6mm length, width 10.6 mm, and 1mm thick made of copper are fixed on the inner surface of the spherical capsule. Results indicated that fin had a significant reduction in total solidification time. A reduction of 13% in total solidification duration is achieved at -9 and -12°C. However a decrease of 87-90 % in freezing duration is observed while considering 50% of PCM mass at bath temperatures of -6°C,-9°C, and -12°C. It is concluded that fins can be employed in CTES systems at lower bath temperatures to achieve expected energy savings of 9-12% under the partial charging method.
Investigation of Cu-ZSM5 catalyst for the Emission Reduction in ethanol-gasoline blends using iso-butanol as an additive in SI engine
Authors: Elavarasan G. , Karthikeyan D. , Rajasekeran T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this experimental work, the Gasoline engine was used to find out the effects of Cu-ZSM5 zeolite coated catalytic convertor on the emission characteristics of iso-butanol additive in ethanol-gasoline blends. The engine was tested under three speeds namely 2000rpm, 3000rpm, and 4000rpm. The volumetric proportion of the fuel samples taken for testing were gasoline (pure gasoline), E10 (90% gasoline, 10%ethanol), IB5 (95% E10, 5% Iso-butanol) and IB10 (90% E10, 10% Iso-butanol). The physiochemical properties of the fuels like heating value, kinematic viscosity, and density were analyzed for these samples as these values influence the emission formation characteristics. The heating value of the samples was decreased with the gasoline concentration in the fuel samples. E10, IB5, and IB10 produced the heating values of 2.34%, 3.13% and 5.05% respectively less than that of the gasoline. However the fuel properties like density, kinematic viscosity tens to increase with the alcohol concentration in the samples. From the performance results, the Brake specific fuel consumption decreased for E10, IB5 and IB10 of about 3.57%, 5.14%, and 7.13% respectively when compared to gasoline. Brake thermal efficiency of the fuel increased to a noticeable level with the addition of the alcohol in gasoline. Initially, the engine was tested by fitting the commercially purchased catalytic converter in the exhaust system and the emissions values were measured with the help of AVL 444 gas analyzer. Then the engine was fitted with the Cu-ZSM5 coated in-house fabricated catalytic convertor and the emission values were measured. At 3000rpm, it has been found that the zeolite coated catalytic convertor reduces HC, CO and NOX emissions by 33%, 9% and 8.3% more than that of the commercial catalytic convertor.
Efficiency improvement in thermal power plants using waste heat recovery of flue gas – simulation study.
Authors: Nemade Aniket Chandrakant , Ponsankar S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper an Organic Rankine cycle is used as waste heat recovery cycle for a 250 x 2 MW thermal power plant. The exhaust flue gas (80 to 130°C) in the thermal power plant is often released into the atmosphere as waste heat. This waste heat can be utilized as a form of heat source for the Organic Rankine Cycle. The treated flue gas form the Flue Gas Desulphurization plant will be fed to the heat exchanger where the heat transfer between the flue gas and the working fluid (e.g.: Ammonia, R245A) will take place. The working fluid will be fed to the (low pressure) turbine where the work done can obtained. After the expansion of the working fluid in the turbine, the working fluid is cooled in the condenser using water. Then this fluid is again sent to the heat exchanger using pump. The flue gas from the heat exchanger after the heat transfer will be then supplied to the stack. The cooling of the condenser water can be done using a cooling tower. As the load varies for the thermal power plant the temperature of the flue gas also changes and hence the turbine shaft output also changes this may result in tripping of the generator. In order to avoid this, a turbine governing system is designed with a step-up gear box and a torque converter. This governing system will keep the generating shaft in motion at constant speed even during low loads and high loads. This cycle will help the thermal power plants to obtain extra power output and will increase the efficiency of the plants.
Heat and mass transfer studies in a finned tube heat exchanger employed with evaporative cooling technique
Authors: Suresh M. , Viveknath S. , Karthikayan B. , Krishnan V. , Sowmya K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Fin and tube heat exchangers are air cooled, cross flow heat exchangers, which have shown broad prospects in places where there is lack of water resources. Research is focused on improving the heat rejection capacity of these exchangers and various enhancement techniques have been studied. Evaporative cooling is one of the techniques employed to improve the performance. Air cooled heat exchangers with evaporative cooling techniques perform better compared to conventional fin and tube heat exchangers. In the present work, a numerical simulation has been developed to investigate heat transfer enhancement in a fin and tube heat exchanger incorporated with evaporative cooling technique. An experimental setup has been built to test the modified heat exchanger and to validate the numerical results. Results indicate 40 to 60% increase in heat duty and effectiveness of enhanced heat exchanger, for cooling water flow rates in the range of 150 to 450 LPH and air flow rate of 300 CFM. Experimental values of heat transfer rate and outlet temperatures of hot water and air are compared with those of numerical simulation and the agreement is generally good.
Experimental investigation of light weight cementitious material for thermal insulation
Authors: Pradeep S , Anuwar Husain S , Nithish Kumar M D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Light weight – thermal insulation concrete has a growing demand in energy efficient building. It can be used in places where there is a requirement for thermal insulation in the form of tiles and weathering coarse for roof as well as in places where there is a need for thermal lining. For the preparation of light weight – thermal insulation concrete, a cement replacement mix consisting of Silica fume, Metakaolin, Egg shell powder, Alccofine were used along with different particle sizes of Cenospheres as a fine aggregate replacement. The test concrete samples were tested for their physical and mechanical parameters like compressive strength and its thermal conductivity were investigated. The light weight – thermal insulation concrete has a reliable compressive strength and a satisfactory thermal insulation property.
Combustion and propulsive characteristics of potential hybrid rocket propellant
Authors: Sunil Rahul , Virkar Aditya , Vignesh Kumar M , Krishnamoorthy Iynthezhuthon , Malhotra Vinayak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Presently, the advancements in the field of rockets and rocket propulsion has been done to such an extent where the mission success rate is surely more than its failure. This has also led to a need for much better efficient materials (propellants) that form a major part of the rockets. The project deals with the combustion and the propulsion characteristics of the rockets. In combustion part, the experiments are conducted on normal paraffin wax candle, coated with different energetic materials in order to calculate the burn rate with the help of videography. This addition of energetic materials enhances the regression rate of candle. The propulsive characteristics, like the specific impulse and characteristic velocity, are studied through simulations carried on the NASA-CEA software in which a base composite propellant (AP/HTPB/Al) is present along with highly energetic materials. The energetic materials considered here are either fuel, binder or oxidiser which helps us to study the variance in the specific impulse and the characteristic velocity. The key parameters here are pressure, temperature, the oxidiser to fuel ratio and the composition of the material. One of the novelties of this study is to create a relation between the combustive and propulsive characteristics as there is not existing correlation between them. Other importance of this study is the concept of Hybridisation put forth to simplify the addition of material in the propellant. This concept has been studied extensively come up with a better hybrid propellant that can be used to improve the efficiency of the rocket.