bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological stability of varieties of black currant against Cecidophyopsis ribis Westw. of the Polish Ukraine
Authors: Bakalova A. , Tkalenko H. , Derecha O. , Borzykh O. , Hrytsiuk N. , Podziubanchuk V. 
Published: January 2020

Goal. Study of the biological stability of different varieties of black currant against currant bud mite and determination of its number.
Methods. The assessment of resistance was carried out in response to signs of damaging bud spherical in shape, resembling a method of histological cut of the bud. Determination of the population of each species of currant mite was conducted on a scale of 9 points in the conditions of the Eexperimental field of Zhytomyr National Agroecological University.
Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the Titania variety is more resistant to the renal mite, and therefore, the total population density versus the standard variety is 1.46 units. The investigated varieties of black currant were conventionally divided into stable, medium-stable and unstable. By Medium-resistant include varieties Chernech and Vorskla’s Daughter, the coefficient of their population is from 0.80—0.86 units. Compared with the variat of standard, the Amethyst variety was unstable to the tick, the total coefficient of its population was close to 2.0 units. Comparing the results of histological sections of the buds of each varietie, the number of mites in comparison with the variet of standard was from 720 to 1786 units./ bud. In the course of studies on the biological resistance of different varieties of black currant to cinnamon bud mite, it was found that the varieties studied in the experiment are not persistent.
Conclusions. The highest density was detected on an unstable Amethyst variety — 1340 specimens/bud, which exceeds the economic threshold of harm and leads to the need for appropriate protection. Taking into account resistant varieties of black currant against cinnabar bud mite, we have developed a biologized defense system. It contributes to limiting the migration of larvae of travelers in the formation of the fetuses, regulates the size of the population, increases the resistance of plants, and is the most important element of intensive technology of raising berries with a high level of payback and competitiveness.
Representaciones de la corporalidad abyecta en la narrativa sobre migración centroamericana en México
Authors: Gálvez Cuen Marissa 
Published: January 2020

Este artículo explora y analiza la representación de los personajes centroamericanos migrantes en las novelas mexicanas La fila india (2013) de Antonio Ortuño, Amarás a Dios sobre todas las cosas (2013) de Alejandro Hernández y Las tierras arrasadas (2015) de Emiliano Monge, con enfoque en la configuración de la corporalidad, la construcción de la alteridad y el distanciamiento social basados en la xenofobia y en la relación de discursos de odio con violencias de carácter político, estructural y simbólico. A partir de la propuesta de necropolítica de Achille Mbembe y el concepto de abyección de Julia Kristeva se desarrollan varias lecturas sobre las dinámicas de agresión del cuerpo migrante y la asimilación de la violencia en la sociedad mexicana en la literatura del último lustro, como una crítica a las frágiles políticas en materia de protección a los derechos humanos de la población migrante, así como a la normalización de la práctica y el discurso de la violencia. Este análisis busca así señalar las lógicas del poder en el ejercicio de la agresión, así como señalar la invisibilización de los sujetos migrantes abordada por estos autores.
AS FASES DA LUA E OS ACONTECIMENTOS TERRESTRES: A CRENÇA DE DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE INSTRUÇÃO
Authors: Darroz Luiz Marcelo , Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner da , Vizzotto Patrick Alves , Rosa Álvaro Becker da 
Published: January 2020

Apresenta-se neste artigo o resultado de uma pesquisa realizada no primeiro semestre de 2013 junto a um grupo de 80 sujeitos de diferentes níveis de instrução. Nesta pesquisa, buscou-se averiguar os acontecimentos terrestres que esse grupo de pessoas atribui ao fenômeno das fases lunares. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, foram empregadas entrevistas semiestruturadas guiadas por questões que buscavam manter a atenção dos entrevistados no objeto de investigação. As entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas, e os resultados, após serem analisados quanti e qualitativamente, foram confrontados com estudos científicos da área. Os dados da pesquisa demonstram que a Lua e suas fases continuam fascinando e despertando o interesse da população. No entanto, a falta de conhecimentos para proferir explicações corretas relativas aos fenômenos que ocorrem com o astro acaba originando uma série de crenças na população sobre sua influência nos acontecimentos terrestres.
Eating Planets for Lunch and Dinner: Signatures of Planet Consumption by Evolving Stars
Authors: Stephan Alexander P. , Naoz Smadar , Gaudi B. Scott , Salas Jesus M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Exoplanets have been observed around stars at all stages of stellar evolution, in many cases orbiting in configurations that will eventually lead to the planets being engulfed or consumed by their host stars, such as hot Jupiters or ultrashort period planets. Furthermore, objects such as polluted white dwarfs provide strong evidence that the consumption of planets by stars is a common phenomenon. This consumption causes several significant changes in the stellar properties, such as changes to the stellar spin, luminosity, chemical composition, or mass-loss processes. Here, we explore this wide variety of effects for a comprehensive range of stellar and planetary masses and stages of stellar evolution, from the main sequence over red giants to white dwarfs. We determine that planet consumption can cause transient luminosity features that last on the order of centuries to millennia, and that the post-consumption stellar spins can often reach breakup speeds. Furthermore, stellar mass loss can be caused by this spin-up, as well as through surface grazing interactions, leading to to the formation of unusual planetary nebula shapes or collimated stellar gas ejections. Our results highlight several observable stellar features by which the presence or previous existence of a planet around a given star can be deduced. This will provide future observational campaigns with the tools to better constrain exoplanet demographics, as well as planetary formation and evolution histories.
Machine-learning Inference of the Interior Structure of Low-mass Exoplanets
Authors: Baumeister Philipp , Padovan Sebastiano , Tosi Nicola , Montavon Grégoire , Nettelmann Nadine , MacKenzie Jasmine , Godolt Mareike 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We explore the application of machine-learning based on mixture density neural networks (MDNs) to the interior characterization of low-mass exoplanets up to 25 Earth masses constrained by mass, radius, and fluid Love number, k
2. We create a data set of 900,000 synthetic planets, consisting of an iron-rich core, a silicate mantle, a high-pressure ice shell, and a gaseous H/He envelope, to train a MDN using planetary mass and radius as inputs to the network. For this layered structure, we show that the MDN is able to infer the distribution of possible thicknesses of each planetary layer from mass and radius of the planet. This approach obviates the time-consuming task of calculating such distributions with a dedicated set of forward models for each individual planet. While gas-rich planets may be characterized by compositional gradients rather than distinct layers, the method presented here can be easily extended to any interior structure model. The fluid Love number k
2 bears constraints on the mass distribution in the planets’ interiors and will be measured for an increasing number of exoplanets in the future. Adding k
2 as an input to the MDN significantly decreases the degeneracy of the possible interior structures. In an open repository, we provide the trained MDN to be used through a Python Notebook.
Habitable Zones around Almost Extremely Spinning Black Holes (Black Sun Revisited)
Authors: Bakala Pavel , Dočekal Jan , Turoňová Zuzana 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We analyzed the thermodynamics of hypothetical exoplanets at very low Keplerian circular orbits in close vicinity of rapidly spinning supermassive black holes. Such black hole exoplanets are heated by strongly blueshifted and focused flux of the incoming cosmic microwave background (CMB) and cooled by the cold part of the local sky containing the black hole shadow. This gives rise to a temperature difference, which can drive processes far from thermodynamic equilibrium in a hypothetical life form inhabiting black hole exoplanets, similar to the case of a planet heated by the radiation of the parent star and cooled by the night sky. We found that for a narrow range of radii of very low Keplerian circular orbits and for very high spin of a supermassive black hole, the temperature regime of the black hole exoplanets corresponds to the habitable zone around standard stars. The thermodynamics of black hole exoplanets therefore, in principle, does not exclude the existence of life based on known biology. The peak of the multiblackbody spectral profile of the CMB heating the exoplanet is located in the ultraviolet band, but a significant fraction of the flux comes also in the visible and infrared bands. The minimum mass of a black hole ensuring the resistance to tidal disruption of an Earth-like exoplanet orbiting in the habitable zone is estimated to 1.63 · 108
m
⊙.
Distribution des emplois et identification des sous-centres d’affaires dans l’agglomération lilloise
Authors: Aboubacar Amir , Hammadou Hakim , Kilani Moez 
Published: January 2020

Nous étudions la distribution des emplois sur la métropole lilloise afin d’identifier les principaux sous-centres d’affaires et caractériser la forme urbaine de cette agglomération. Il ne s’agit pas seulement de repérer les communes avec des niveaux d’emplois élevés, mais celles qui exercent aussi une influence significative sur la distribution des emplois. L’identification des sous-centres d’affaires est importante car ces zones d’emplois influencent les décisions de localisation des acteurs économiques, et sont donc à prendre en compte dans l’élaboration des politiques urbaines. La difficulté technique consiste à séparer l’effet du centre-ville (le principal centre d’affaires) de l’effet des multiples sous-centres. Les méthodes statistiques que nous utilisons permettent de prendre en compte ce problème. Nos résultats confirment la structure polycentrique de l’agglomération lilloise et nous trouvons que la commune de Roubaix (parfois accompagnée par Tourcoing) se distingue par une centralité importante. En moyenne, l’éloignement d’un sous-centre d’affaires d’un kilomètre diminue la densité d’emploi de près de 20 %.
Le « rêvalisable » : entreprendre l’innovation au service du territoire ?
Authors: Glémain Pascal 
Published: January 2020

En 2010, le cluster culturel des Articulteurs est lauréat du prix « grappes d’entreprises » décerné par la DATAR. Il ambitionne alors de donner corps au concept du « rêvalisable » en soutenant un projet de laboratoire expérimental d’entrepreneuriat collectif solidaire au service du développement du territoire rural. À l’étude de ce cas particulier, nous cherchons à comprendre comment un collectif peut entreprendre une innovation au service du territoire en « milieu solidaire ». Pour ce faire, nous démontrons que si la géographie de l’innovation est susceptible de nous apporter des éléments de compréhension, elle nécessite en complément une étude de la nature et des conditions d’évolution de l’entrepreneuriat collectif. Cet article rejoint, pour partie, une analyse critique des travaux de l’École de la Géographie Economique Evolutionniste.
Recovery From Suppression With Successful Motor Alignment After Surgery for Intermittent Exotropia
Authors: Huh Jungah , Ha Suk-Gyu , Kim Seung-Hyun 
Published: January 2020

Purpose:
To investigate recovery from suppression when the target motor alignment is achieved following surgery for intermittent exotropia.

Methods:
The medical records of 237 patients who underwent surgery for exotropia were retrospectively reviewed. The age at surgery, sex, preoperative angle of deviation, suppression status, and near stereopsis were investigated. Suppression status was classified as no, alternate, or constant suppression. Target motor alignment was defined as 10 prism diopters (PD) or less of exodeviation or 2 PD of esodeviation at the final visit.

Results:
The mean age at surgery was 8.2 ± 3.2 years and 115 (48.5%) patients were male. The preoperative angle of deviation was 26.3 ± 5.9 PD and the follow-up postoperative period was 21.6 ± 7.6 months. The preoperative suppression status included 23 (9.7%), 55 (23.2%), and 159 (67.1%) patients who showed no, alternate, or constant suppression, respectively. Two hundred fifteen (90.7%) patients obtained the target motor alignment by the final visit. Of the 144 patients who demonstrated constant suppression preoperatively but achieved the target motor alignment postoperatively, 12 (8.3%) patients demonstrated residual suppression. All 12 of these patients had a preoperative angle of exotropia of greater than 20 PD.

Conclusions:
Most patients undergoing surgery for intermittent exotropia obtained both successful motor alignment and fusion postoperatively. However, successful motor alignment did not guarantee recovery of suppression when the preoperative angle of exotropia was greater than 20 PD. The preoperative factors and functional implications underlying this finding are unclear and merit further study.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57(1):21–26.]
Influence of Axial Length on Intraocular Pressure Measurement With Three Tonometers in Childhood Glaucoma
Authors: Mendez-Hernandez Carmen , Arribas-Pardo Paula , Sanchez Jean Ruben , Garcia-Feljoo Julian 
Published: January 2020

Purpose:
To determine the agreement between intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained using the handheld version of the Goldmann applanation (Perkins; Clement-Clarke, Haag-Streit, Harlow, United Kingdom), rebound Icare-Pro (Icare, Tiolat Oy, Helsinki, Finland), and Tonopen XL (Reichert Inc., Depew, NY) tonometers in children with childhood glaucoma and to identify factors that may affect those measurements.

Methods:
Ninety-one eyes of 46 children with early-onset childhood glaucoma were included in this cross-sectional study in which IOP, ocular axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous length, and central corneal thickness measurements were obtained under general anesthesia. Agreement between tonometers was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and the Bland–Altman method. The influence of ocular biometric parameters and central corneal thickness on IOP measurements was analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.

Results:

The mean age of the children in the current study was 29.1 months (range: 13 to 31 months). The Icare-Pro and Tonopen XL overestimated IOP measurements compared to the Perkins tonometer (Icare-Pro–Perkins mean IOP difference: 2.2 ± 3.4 mm Hg,
P
< .0001, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5 to 2.9 vs Tonopen XL–Perkins mean IOP difference: 6.7 ± 7.1 mm Hg,
P
< .0001, 95% CI: 5.2 to 8.2). The Icare-Pro showed greater agreement with the Perkins tonometer than the Tonopen XL (ICC: 0.789, 95% CI: 0.697 to 0.856,
P
< .0001 vs 0.453, 95% CI: 0.272 to 0.603,
P
< .0001). Ocular axial length affected IOP measurements the most, finding increased impact on Tonopen XL (slope: 0.086, 95% CI: 0.013 to 0.16,
P
= .022 vs 0.997, 95% CI: 0.369 to 1.625,
P
= .002 vs 1.571, 95% CI: 0.541 to 2.602,
P
< .0001 for Perkins, Icare-Pro, and Tonopen XL IOP measurements, respectively).

Conclusions:
Ocular axial length affects IOP measured by the Perkins, Icare-Pro, and Tonopen XL devices in patients with childhood glaucoma. The Icare-Pro shows more agreement with the Perkins tonometer than the Tonopen XL; therefore, it seems to be a more suitable option for these patients.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57(1):27–32.]
Instructions for kidney recipients and donors (In English for medical providers and in Arabic for patients and donors)
Authors: Arabi Ziad , Ghalib Basmeh , Asmari Ibrahim , Gafar Mohammed , Alam Syed , Abdulgadir Mohamad , AlShareef Ala , Rashidi Awatif , Alruwaymi Mohammed , Altheaby Abdulrahman 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMedical providers are often asked by their kidney recipients and donors about what to do or to avoid. Common questions include medications, diet, isolation, return to work or school, pregnancy, fasting Ramadan, or hajj and Omrah. However, there is only scant information about these in English language and none in Arabic. Here, we present evidence-based education materials for medical providers (in English language) and for patients and donors (in Arabic language). These educational materials are prepared to be easy to print or adopt by patients, providers, and centers.
Metrizability of Holonomy Invariant Projective Deformation of Sprays
Authors: Elgendi S. G. , Muzsnay Zoltán 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider projective deformation of the geodesic system of Finsler spaces by holonomy invariant functions. Starting with a Finsler spray $S$ and a holonomy invariant function ${\mathcal{P}}$, we investigate the metrizability property of the projective deformation $\widetilde{S}=S-2\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}{\mathcal{P}}{\mathcal{C}}$. We prove that for any holonomy invariant nontrivial function ${\mathcal{P}}$ and for almost every value $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\in \mathbb{R}$, such deformation is not Finsler metrizable. We identify the cases where such deformation can lead to a metrizable spray. In these cases, the holonomy invariant function ${\mathcal{P}}$ is necessarily one of the principal curvatures of the geodesic structure.
Lability classification of soil organic matter in the northern permafrost region
Authors: Kuhry Peter , Bárta Jiří , Blok Daan , Elberling Bo , Faucherre Samuel , Hugelius Gustaf , Jørgensen Christian J. , Richter Andreas , Šantrůčková Hana , Weiss Niels 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The large stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) in soils
and deposits of the northern permafrost region are sensitive to global
warming and permafrost thawing. The potential release of this carbon (C) as
greenhouse gases to the atmosphere does not only depend on the total
quantity of soil organic matter (SOM) affected by warming and thawing, but it
also depends on its lability (i.e., the rate at which it will decay). In this study
we develop a simple and robust classification scheme of SOM lability for the
main types of soils and deposits in the northern permafrost region. The
classification is based on widely available soil geochemical parameters and
landscape unit classes, which makes it useful for upscaling to the entire
northern permafrost region. We have analyzed the relationship between C
content and C-CO2 production rates of soil samples in two different
types of laboratory incubation experiments. In one experiment, ca. 240 soil
samples from four study areas were incubated using the same protocol (at 5 ∘C, aerobically) over a period of 1 year. Here we present C
release rates measured on day 343 of incubation. These long-term results are
compared to those obtained from short-term incubations of ca. 1000 samples
(at 12 ∘C, aerobically) from an additional three study areas. In
these experiments, C-CO2 production rates were measured over the first
4 d of incubation. We have focused our analyses on the relationship
between C-CO2 production per gram dry weight per day (µgC-CO2 gdw−1 d−1) and C content (%C of dry weight) in the
samples, but we show that relationships are consistent when using C ∕ N ratios or
different production units such as µgC per gram soil C per day (µgC-CO2 gC−1 d−1) or per cm3 of soil per day
(µgC-CO2 cm−3 d−1). C content of the samples is
positively correlated to C-CO2 production rates but explains less than
50 % of the observed variability when the full datasets are considered. A
partitioning of the data into landscape units greatly reduces variance and
provides consistent results between incubation experiments. These results
indicate that relative SOM lability decreases in the order of Late Holocene
eolian deposits to alluvial deposits and mineral soils (including
peaty wetlands) to Pleistocene yedoma deposits to C-enriched pockets in cryoturbated soils to peat deposits. Thus,
three of the most important SOC storage classes in the northern permafrost
region (yedoma, cryoturbated soils and peatlands) show low relative SOM
lability. Previous research has suggested that SOM in these pools is
relatively undecomposed, and the reasons for the observed low rates of
decomposition in our experiments need urgent attention if we want to better
constrain the magnitude of the thawing permafrost carbon feedback on global
warming.
Whose Body, Whose Life, Whose Decision? A Wesleyan Reflection on Personal Autonomy, Interdependence, and Human Flourishing
Authors: McEwan David B. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The belief that human beings are rational, autonomous creatures, whose well-being is largely defined by their ability to make personal choices, dominates much of Western culture. Human dignity and the quality of life are largely seen in terms of individual rights and personal choice, valuing people's independence and freedom to act for their own welfare. This model negatively impacts those suffering from dementia. This paradigm is challenged by the Christian claim of being created in the image of God, defined within a Wesleyan framework of relational and interdependent connections. There is a solid body of evidence that persons flourish best in relationships that embody mutual care. The challenge for the church is to be involved in practical, quality care for all persons.
Response surface for sugars extracted from lignocellulosic material providing low energy expenditure
Authors: Pieta Fabiana da Silva , Bariccatti Reinaldo Aparecido 
Published: January 2020

Objetivou-se com esse trabalho a extração de açúcares do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar a partir do pré-tratamento químico com ácido sulfúrico diluído, com um planejamento fatorial de 3 fatores com dois níveis cada. Foram adotados os níveis de 5 e 15 g para massa da amostra, duas variações de concentração do ácido 5 e 10% e a variação de temperatura 25 e 50 oC. A caracterização do hidrolisado se deu através do índice de refração e por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Para o índice de refração, os ensaios 3, 7 e 8 tiveram maior quantidade de sólidos solúveis extraído, sendo 13,005; 13,025 e 13,010 oBrix, respectivamente. Segundo os efeitos obtidos a partir dos resultados do índice de refração, o único efeito principal significativo é o aumento da concentração de ácido, que aumenta o índice de refração. Nos resultados obtidos por cromatografia líquida, conseguimos identificar a presença de glicose, xilose e celobiose nas soluções e a condição que resultou numa maior extração de açúcares foi: 15 g de biomassa, 10% de concentração de ácido e temperatura a 50 oC. Com a concentração do ácido no limite superior (10%) a extração de açúcares nesse trabalho foi significativa com 13,025 gL -1.