bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Database Traffic Interception for Graybox Detection of Stored and Context-sensitive XSS
Authors: Steinhauser Antonín , Tůma Petr 
Published: August 2020

Cross site scripting (XSS) is a type of a security vulnerability that permits injecting malicious code into the client side of a web application. In the simplest situations, XSS vulnerabilities arise when a web application includes the user input in the web output without due sanitization. Such simple XSS vulnerabilities can be detected fairly reliably with blackbox scanners, which inject malicious payload into sensitive parts of HTTP requests and look for the reflected values in the web output.
Contemporary blackbox scanners are not effective against stored XSS vulnerabilities, where the malicious payload in an HTTP response originates from the database storage of the web application, rather than from the associated HTTP request. Similarly, many blackbox scanners do not systematically handle context-sensitive XSS vulnerabilities, where the user input is included in the web output after a transformation that prevents the scanner from recognizing the original value but does not sanitize the value sufficiently. Among the combination of two basic data sources (stored vs. reflected) and two basic vulnerability patterns (context sensitive vs. not so), only one is therefore tested systematically by state-of-the-art blackbox scanners.
Our work focuses on systematic coverage of the three remaining combinations. We present a graybox mechanism that extends a general purpose database to cooperate with our XSS scanner, reporting and injecting the test inputs at the boundary between the database and the web application. Furthermore, we design a mechanism for identifying the injected inputs in the web output even after encoding by the web application and check whether the encoding sanitizes the injected inputs correctly in the respective browser context. We evaluate our approach on eight mature and technologically diverse web applications, discovering previously unknown and exploitable XSS flaws in each of those applications.
Load power and energy management system using proteus visual design software
Authors: Venugopal Chitra , Govender Thershen 
Published: August 2020

At present, there is a serious energy crisis around the globe which impacts greatly on the power grid. A smart and user friendly energy management system can control the energy consumption. In this paper, load power and energy management system is developed and simulated using Proteus Visual Design software. The load analysis and measurement techniques are developed for single phase and three phase loads and implemented using Arduino Mega 2560 board. User friendly controls are developed using the visual design feature of the software to control the energy consumption. The load power management system is simulated by measuring the power consumed by various residential loads such as lights, fans, air-conditioners, heaters. The industrial loads are simulated by squirrel cage induction motor. The load analysis summary is displayed on the Arduino 2.8 inch TFT display shield in a table format. The simulaion model is created for future hardware implementation and is tested under various practical input conditions. The Proteus Visual Design software is chosen in this resesarch due to its advantages such as professional PCB layout package, availability of nearly 800 microcontrollers in the library package etc.The developed model successfully measured the energy consumption of several loads and assist the user in controlling the energy usage through automation control techniques. The accuracy of the results shows that the technique and the model developed in this research can be used by engineers, students and hobbyists who are working with energy monitoring systems and smart home applications directly. This is an ongoing project where in the next stage, the hardware design of the simulation model will be implemented and tested in real time application.
Electrical breakdown and chemical properties of polypropylene/calcium carbonate nanocomposites
Authors: Azmi A. , Lau K. Y. , Ahmad N. A. , Abdul-Malek Z. , Tan C. W. 
Published: August 2020

<span>Calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3</sub>) is an inorganic material which has been introduced in polymeric insulation to improve the thermal and electrical properties of insulation. In this research, a comparative study was performed between unfilled polypropylene (PP) and PP nanocomposites containing 5 wt% of CaCO<sub>3</sub> nanofiller. The electrical breakdown performances of unfilled PP and nanocomposites were investigated. The chemical content of the material was carried out using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The findings showed that the introduction of CaCO<sub>3</sub> to the PP altered the chemical bonding of the material, where two additional characteristic absorption bands appeared in the FTIR spectra of PP/CaCO<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites. In addition, PP/CaCO<sub>3</sub> nanocomposites had slight changes on the AC breakdown strength compared to unfilled PP. Meanwhile, the DC breakdown performance of the nanocomposites was apparently lower than that of unfilled PP. These were attributed to the agglomeration of CaCO<sub>3</sub>. </span>
Fuzzy control scheme for energy efficiency and demand management in airports using 3D simulator
Authors: Raouf Shafei Mohamed Abdul , Abdelazeem Tawfik Mohamed , Khalil Ibrahim Doaa 
Published: August 2020

As the building sector has the largest share of energy consumption in most countries of the world, this paper focused on the study of one of the most important of the buildings which are the airports. Airports can play a major role in reducing the burden on the electrical grid as they have several factors that make them optimum models for applying energy efficiency strategies. Accordingly, the contribution in this paper is achieved by applying a Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) scheme to improve the energy efficiency of the Egyptian airports without compromising the comfort level of the occupants and validating the obtained results by the aid of “DesignBuilder” software conducted with the “EnergyPlus” simulator, which is a state-of-the-art 3D simulator tool for checking building energy, carbon, lighting, and comfort performance. The applied 3D simulator evaluates the impacts of implementing the proposed fuzzy control system instead of ON/OFF control schemes or Building Management System (BMS). In this context, case studies were conducted at three different Egyptian airports as a high, medium, and low occupancy level airports respectively to discuss the opportunities and challenges of applying the fuzzy logic scheme in airports according to the occupancy level.
Smart home appliances scheduling considering user comfort level
Authors: Ming Hoe Hui , Pauzi Abdullah Md 
Published: August 2020

<a name="_Hlk38174666"></a><span>Smart home appliances scheduling, employing optimization optimization algorithms to reduce utility costs, is gaining traction under the introduction of time-of-use tariffs and the development of Internet of Things (IoT). The prior electricity cost reduction scheduling algorithms, however, causes substantial discomfort to users for restricting users from using the appliances at their desired times. To address the problem, a novel versatile systematic method is proposed by pricing the mismatch of proposed schedule with users’ usage preference pattern to quantify discomfort, coupled with comfort-cost weight factor. The method employing customizable user preference patterns, user-perceived pricing of mismatch and user-specified comfort-savings weightage, not only captures the complex dependence of comfort to individual preference, but the evolution with time by continuous user survey. The proposed method, formulated to be simple enough to be applied on an Excel spreadsheet, demonstrates substantial reduction of electricity cost and users’ discomfort simultaneously. Studies on the algorithm found it to be robust against of fluctuations of parameters, with optimization performance comparable to prior work. The work demonstrates that despite the complex nature of comfort to users’ behaviors and perception, simple pricing surveys can be used to accurately quantify, compare and optimize users’ comfort together with economic savings. </span>
Control of a variable speed asynchronous wind turbine dedicated to isolated site
Authors: Ouchbel Taoufik , Zouggar Smail , L. Elhafyani M. , Mokhtari Mohammed , Oukili Mohamed , Zahra Kadda Fatima 
Published: August 2020

<p>This paper focuses on the study of the asynchronous generator self-excited during operation in isolated mode. It concerns the analysis of a robust control of the asynchronous machine in order to improve the quality of the electrical energy produced in different environmental circumstances, and to promote the use of renewable energies in rural areas to improve education, the supply of drinking water, livestock and agriculture, access to information and communication. The present work concerns the description and modeling of the various mechanical parts of the wind turbine. It also tackles the steady-state and transient modeling of the asynchronous generator under self-excitation conditions. The practical results and the simulation ones have shown the influence of the self-excitation capacity on the output quantities of the wind system (voltage, current and torque) in vacuum and under charge (resistive and inductive). In the case where the asynchronous wind turbine is connected to a network, it imposes amplitude, waveform and frequency. But in the case of isolated sites, the asynchronous machine has a low power factor, what means it requires reactive energy. To correct this irregularity, we can improve the power factor by using variable capacitors. The excitation current (reactive power) must be permanently supplied according to the load connected. This requires an intelligent system that regulates the electrical energy produced. </p>
Mathematical analysis of cost function and reliability condition for new proposed multilevel inverter topology
Authors: Karthikeyan D. , Vijayakumar K. , Senthil Kumar D. , Krishnachaitanya Daki 
Published: August 2020

<span>In this paper cost function and reliability analysis of classic novel symmetric multilevel inverter topology has been presented. Cost function and reliability analysis are the economical factors of the effieciency of an inverter, this made the intrest in this area.cost function deneotes the cost of the inverter based on the power flow, reliability explain the mean time failure propotional to the life span. Firstly the cost function of the novel topology has been proposed using mathematical calculation using various current rating and the results are validated compared with exiting topology. Secondly reliability approach is used to evaluate the reliability of the switch with respect to the failure rate and mean time period of the switch using fedis and markow reliability analysis equations and the results are evaluated for all the switches present in the topology. And the results are the compared with the conventional multilevel inverter, cost function and reliability analysis of the proposed multilevel inverter.</span>
NULP1 Alleviates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Suppressing NFAT3 Transcriptional Activity
Authors: Zhang Xin , Lei Fang , Wang Xiao‐Ming , Deng Ke‐Qiong , Ji Yan‐Xiao , Zhang Yan , Li Hongliang , Zhang Xiao‐Dong , Lu Zhibing , Zhang Peng 
Published: August 2020

Background
The development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy involves the coordination of a series of transcription activators and repressors, while their interplay to trigger pathological gene reprogramming remains unclear. NULP1 (nuclear localized protein 1) is a member of the basic helix‐loop‐helix family of transcription factors and its biological functions in pathological cardiac hypertrophy are barely understood.

Methods and Results

Immunoblot and immunostaining analyses showed that NULP1 expression was consistently reduced in the failing hearts of patients and hypertrophic mouse hearts and rat cardiomyocytes.
Nulp1
knockout exacerbates aortic banding‐induced cardiac hypertrophy pathology, which was significantly blunted by transgenic overexpression of
Nulp1
. Signal pathway screening revealed the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway to be dramatically suppressed by NULP1. Coimmunoprecipitation showed that NULP1 directly interacted with the topologically associating domain of NFAT3 via its C‐terminal region, which was sufficient to suppress NFAT3 transcriptional activity. Inactivation of the NFAT pathway by VIVIT peptides in vivo rescued the aggravated pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy resulting from
Nulp1
deficiency.

Conclusions
NULP1 is an endogenous suppressor of NFAT3 signaling under hypertrophic stress and thus negatively regulates the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. Targeting overactivated NFAT by NULP1 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Budgets for Decadal Variability in Pacific Ocean Heat Content
Authors: Hu Zeyuan , Hu Aixue , Hu Yongyun , Rosenbloom Nan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA slowdown in the rate of surface warming in the early 2000s led to renewed interest in the redistribution of ocean heat content (OHC) and its relationship with internal climate variability. We use the Community Earth System Model version 1 to study the relationship between OHC and the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO), a major mode of decadal sea surface temperature variability in the Pacific Ocean. By comparing the relative contributions of surface heat flux and ocean dynamics to changes in OHC for different phases of the IPO, we try to identify the underlying physical processes involved. Our results suggest that during IPO phase transitions, changes of 0–300-m OHC across the northern extratropical Pacific are positively contributed by both surface heat flux and oceanic heat transport. By contrast, oceanic heat transport appears to drive the OHC changes in equatorial Pacific whereas surface heat flux acts as a damping term. During a positive IPO phase, weakened wind-driven circulation acts to increase the OHC in the equatorial Pacific while the enhanced evaporation acts to damp OHC anomalies. In the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension region, a dipole anomaly of zonal heat advection amplifies an OHC dipole anomaly that moves eastward, while strong turbulent heat fluxes act to dampen this OHC anomaly. In the northern subtropical Pacific, both the wind-driven evaporation change and the change of zonal heat advection along Kuroshio Extension contribute to the OHC change during phase transition. For the northern subpolar Pacific, both surface heat flux and enhanced meridional advection contribute to the positive OHC anomalies during the positive IPO phase.
Memory Effect of the Southern Atlantic Subtropical Dipole
Authors: Santis Wlademir , Castellanos Paola , Campos Edmo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe South Atlantic subtropical dipole is the dominant mode of coupled variability in the South Atlantic, connecting sea level pressure and sea surface temperature. Previous studies have shown its great relevance to the climate conditions over South America and West Africa. We have used several numerical experiments with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model to investigate the effects that an austral winter–spring dipole asserts on the South Atlantic. We explore the interaction between SST anomalies and the formation of the fossilized mixing region, which preserve temperature anomalies underneath the summer mixed layer, until they feed back to SST after the next autumn. It was found that, through this process, there is a memory effect that restores temperature anomalies from an austral winter–spring dipole back to the austral winter of the following year. The dominant mechanisms are the contribution from entrainment and surface net heat flux (NHF). Entrainment is mostly controlled by vertical temperature gradient anomalies, while surface NHF is controlled by interactions of climatological ocean heat loss and anomalies of mixed layer thickness. Our results suggest that the combined effect of entrainment and surface NHF is different in the southwest and northeast dipole regions, leading to differences in both intensity and timing of SST anomalies. Turbulent and nonlinear processes are most important to reduce entrainment in the southwest dipole region and to increase the memory effect asymmetry.
Mutual Interaction between Surface Waves and Langmuir Circulations Observed in Wave-Resolving Numerical Simulations
Authors: Fujiwara Yasushi , Yoshikawa Yutaka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWave-resolving simulations of monochromatic surface waves and Langmuir circulations (LCs) under an idealized condition are performed to investigate the dynamics of wave–current mutual interaction. When the Froude number (the ratio of the friction velocity of wind stress imposed at the surface and wave phase speed) is large, waves become refracted by the downwind jet associated with LCs and become amplitude modulated in the crosswind direction. In such cases, the simulations using the Craik–Leibovich (CL) equation with a prescribed horizontally uniform Stokes drift profile are found to underestimate the intensity of LCs. Vorticity budget analysis reveals that horizontal shear of Stokes drift induced by the wave modulation tilts the wind-driven vorticity to the downwind direction, intensifying the LCs that caused the waves to be modulated. Such an effect is not reproduced in the CL equation unless the Stokes drift of the waves modulated by LCs is prescribed. This intensification mechanism is similar to the CL1 mechanism in that the horizontal shear of the Stokes drift plays a key role, but it is more likely to occur because the shear in this interaction is automatically generated by the LCs whereas the shear in the CL1 mechanism is retained only when a particular phase relation between two crossing waves is kept locked for many periods.
Brain–Machine Interfaces as Commodities: Exchanging Mind for Matter
Authors: Reilly Christopher M. 
Published: August 2020

Brain–machine interfaces (BMIs), which enable a two-way flow of signals, information, and directions between human neurons and computerized machines, offer spectacular opportunities for therapeutic and consumer applications, but they also present unique dangers to the safety, privacy, psychological health, and spiritual well-being of their users. The sale of these devices as commodities for profit exacerbates such issues and may subject the user to an unequal exchange with corporations. Catholic healthcare professionals and bioethicists should be especially concerned about the implications for the essential dignity of the persons using the new BMIs. Summary: The commercial sale of brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) generates and exacerbates problems for end-users' safety, psychological health, and spiritual well-being.
The Utility of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Examination Versus Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography in the Detection of Second Primary Lesions in Korean Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Kim Min-Su , Song In Sik , Oh Kyoung Ho , Cho Jae-Gu , Baek Seung-Kuk , Woo Jeong-Soo , Jung Kwang-Yoon , Kwon Soon Young 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Head and neck cancer often accompany a synchronous secondary primary lesion in the digestive tract. The aim of this study was to compare detection rates between positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET-CT) and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (G-fiber) or colonoscopy (C-fiber) in the initial staging and to analyze risk factors for premalignant, malignant, and total synchronous secondary primary lesions. Methods: A total of 739 patients with head and neck cancer who underwent PET-CT, G-fiber, or C-fiber were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Positron emission tomography–CT did not definitely detect any premalignant synchronous secondary primary lesions (0 [0%] of 739) but definitely detected 10 malignant synchronous secondary primary lesions (10 [1.35%] of 739). Esophagogastroduodenoscopy or C-fiber detected all 20 premalignant synchronous secondary primary lesions (20 [2.71%] of 739) and all 37 malignant synchronous secondary primary lesions (37 [5.00%] of 739). The patients with nasopharynx cancer tended to have premalignant synchronous secondary primary lesions (odds ratio [OR]: 3.793; 95% CI: 1.414-10.171; P = .008). Those with distant metastasis tended to have premalignant (OR: 4.743; 95% CI: 1.508-14.916; P = .009), malignant (OR: 3.803; 95% CI: 1.486-9.731; P = .005), and total synchronous secondary primary lesions (OR: 2.753; 95% CI: 1.159-6.538; P = .022). Conclusions: Premalignant or malignant synchronous secondary primary lesions that were not definitely detected by PET-CT could be found in the endoscopic examination.
Effects of Occlusion and Conductive Hearing Loss on Bone‐Conducted cVEMP
Authors: Rotem Betito Hadar , Himmelfarb Mordechai , Handzel Ophir 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of conductive hearing loss and occlusion on bone‐conducted cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs).Study DesignProspective cohort study conducted in the year 2018. The right ear of each volunteer was evaluated under 3 conditions by using bone‐conducted cVEMPs: normal (open external auditory canal), occluded (conductive hearing loss with occlusion effect), and closed (conductive hearing loss without the occlusion effect).SettingSingle academic center.Subjects and MethodsThe study comprised 30 healthy volunteers aged 20 to 35 years (16 women, 14 men). All had normal hearing and no vestibular or auditory pathologies. The thresholds and amplitudes of cVEMP responses were recorded for the 3 conditions. The results of each condition for a particular participant were compared.ResultsAs compared with the open condition, the conductive condition increased thresholds by 2.8 dB (P =. 01), and the occluded condition decreased thresholds by 3.8 dB (P =. 008). The amplitude in the occluded condition was larger than the normal condition and the conductive condition (mean difference: 20.64 [P =. 009] and 31.76 [P <. 001], respectively)ConclusionThe occlusion effect is present in cVEMP responses. The mechanism is not due to the conductive hearing loss induced. Clinical implications include potentially altering vestibular function with sealed hearing aids and in the surgically modified ears (ie, obliterated ears and open cavity mastoidectomy).
Segmental saphenous ablation for chronic venous disease treatment
Authors: Gianesini Sergio , Menegatti Erica , Occhionorelli Savino , Grazia Sibilla Maria , Mucignat Marianna , Zamboni Paolo 
Published: August 2020

Background Endovenous thermal ablation for chronic venous disease treatment is recommended over traditional surgery. The present investigation compares endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) with radiofrequency (RF) for segmental endovenous sapheno–femoral junction ablation. Methods This is a retrospective study in which 79 patients underwent a 6 cm great saphenous vein ablation by RF or by EVLA. Primary outcome was occlusion rate. Secondary outcomes included Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire (AVVQ) score, peri-procedural pain, aesthetic satisfaction. Results At 12 ± 1 months recanalization of shrunk tract was recorded in 5/85 (5.8%) cases (2 RF, 3 EVLA) [OR: 1.6; 95%CI: 0.2–10.4; P = 0.6689]. Two cases (1/44 RF group and 1/38 EVLA group) also showed reflux recurrence [OR: 1.0; 95%CI: 0.06–17.8; P = 1.0000]. No significant differences between groups were found in AVVQ, VCSS, peri-procedural pain, or aesthetic satisfaction. Conclusion Saphenous sparing is feasible and effective by means of both EVLA and RF, representing a possible alternative to surgery.