bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRRX1‐induced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma activates the metabolic reprogramming of free fatty acids to promote invasion and metastasis
Authors: Jiang Ya‐ping , Tang Ya‐ling , Wang Sha‐sha , Wu Jia‐shun , Zhang Mei , Pang Xin , Wu Jing‐biao , Chen Yu , Tang Ya‐Jie , Liang Xin‐hua 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesIncreasing evidences demonstrate a close correlation between epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction and cancer lipid metabolism. However, the molecular mechanisms have not been clarified.Materials and methodsIn our study, the relative expression level of PRRX1 was detected, its relationship with free fatty acid (FFA) and PPARG2 was analysed in 85 SACC tissues and 15 salivary glands from the benign salivary tumours. We also compared the FFAs composition and levels in these SACC cells. PPARG2 was detected in PRRX1‐induced FFAs treatment as well as Src and MMP‐9 were detected in FFAs treatment–induced invasion and migration of SACC cells, and ChIP test was performed to identify the target interactions.ResultsOur data showed that overexpression of PRRX1 induced EMT and facilitated the invasion and migration of SACC cells, and PRRX1 expression was closely associated with high FFAs level and poor prognosis of SACC patients. Furthermore, PRRX1 silence led to the increase of PPARG2 and the reduction of FFAs level and the migration and invasion of SACC cells. And inhibition of PPARG2 rescued FFAs level and migration and invasion capabilities of SACC cells. Free fatty acids treatment induced an increase of Stat5‐DNA binding activity via Src‐ and MMP‐9‐dependent pathway.ConclusionsCollectively, our findings showed that the PRRX1/PPARG2/FFAs signalling in SACC was important for accelerating tumour metastasis through the induction of EMT and the metabolic reprogramming of FFAs.
BEVA primary care clinical guidelines: Analgesia
Authors: Bowen I. M. , Redpath A. , Dugdale A , Burford J. H. , Lloyd D. , Watson T. , Hallowell G. D. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryPrimary care guidelines provide a reference point to guide clinicians based on a systematic review of the literature, contextualised by expert clinical opinion. These guidelines develop a modification of the GRADE framework for assessment of research evidence (vetGRADE) and applied this to a range of clinical scenarios regarding use of analgesic agents. Key guidelines produced by the panel included recommendations that horses undergoing routine castration should receive intratesticular local anaesthesia irrespective of methods adopted and that horses should receive NSAIDs prior to surgery (overall certainty levels high). Butorphanol and buprenorphine should not be considered appropriate as sole analgesic for such procedures (high certainty). The panel recommend the continuation of analgesia for 3 days following castration (moderate certainty) and conclude that phenylbutazone provided superior analgesia to meloxicam and firocoxib for hoof pain/laminitis (moderate certainty), but that enhanced efficacy has not been demonstrated for joint pain. In horses with colic, flunixin and firocoxib are considered to provide more effective analgesia than meloxicam or phenylbutazone (moderate certainty). Given the risk of adverse events of all classes of analgesic, these agents should be used only under the control of a veterinary surgeon who has fully evaluated a horse and developed a therapeutic, analgesic plan that includes ongoing monitoring for such adverse events such as the development of right dorsal colitis with all classes of NSAID and spontaneous locomotor activity and potentially ileus with opiates. Finally, the panel call for the development of a single properly validated composite pain score for horses to allow accurate comparisons between medications in a robust manner.
Age‐related severity and distribution of haemophilic arthropathy of the knee, ankle and elbow among Chinese patients with haemophilia
Authors: Liu Sha , Zhou Rong‐fu , Jin Zhi‐bin , Wu Min , Zhang Ping‐yang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroduction and aimsAge‐related severity and distribution of haemophilic arthropathy (HA) among Chinese patients with haemophilia using the Haemophilia Early Detection with Ultrasound (HEAD‐US) system have not been extensively studied.MethodsIn our study, 89 patients with moderate and severe haemophilia were recruited. A total of 534 joints (knees, ankles and elbows on both sides included) were evaluated using musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) and scored using the HEAD‐US system.ResultsPrevalence and average number of HA were 39.1% and 0.7, 90.6% and 3.2, 94.1% and 4.5, and 100% and 4.3 for ages ≤10, 11‐20, 21‐30 and 31‐40 years, respectively. Prevalence and mean number of knee, ankle and elbow arthropathies also increased with age, although joint damages progressed in unparallel patterns. A significant difference in synovium subscores was observed between patients aged <10 and >10 years. An increasing tendency was observed in cartilage and subchondral bone subscores along with age before 30 years. No significant difference in mean joint scores was found between patients receiving on‐demand therapy and those receiving on‐demand to low‐dose prophylactic therapy.ConclusionsHaemophilic arthropathy developed in early childhood and progressed mainly before 30 years of age among Chinese patients with haemophilia, although in different ways among the knee, ankle and elbow.
Genetic characterization of 15 autosomal STRs in the interior Sindhi population of Pakistan and their phylogenetic relationship with other populations
Authors: Adnan Atif , Rakha Allah , Nazir Shahid , Rehman Ziaur , Lu Jie , Xuan Jin‐Feng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGenetic structure of a population can be influenced by evolutionary processes and cultural histories which can alter the frequencies of different variants at particular genetic markers. These characteristics make DNA evidence suitable for forensic applications. Little relevant data are available from the interior Sindhi population; thus, in the current study, we have investigated 15 autosomal STRs in 181 unrelated individuals belonging to the interior parts of Sindh Pakistan, to establish its lineage and parameters of forensic interest. These STRs revealed a high power of discrimination (CPD), power of exclusion (CPE) and matching probability (CMP) are 0.9999999999999999968997, 0.99998612 and 3.1003 × 10–18 respectively. The genetic distances, neighbour‐joining (NJ) tree, interactivity test and principal component analysis (PCA) based on 15 autosomal STR loci showed that the interior Sindhi population had a closer genetic relationship with Pakistani populations and distant relationships with regional (India and Afghanistan) populations. The present findings exhibited that STRs included in AmpFLSTR Identifiler kit (Applied Biosystems) are genetically polymorphic in the interior Sindhi population of Pakistan. This study provides valuable population genetic data for the genetic information study, forensic human individual identification and paternity testing.
A longitudinal study on psychological reactions and resilience among young survivors of a burn disaster in Taiwan 2015–2018
Authors: Wu Chia‐Yi , Lee Ming‐Been , Lin Chi‐Hung , Kao Shu‐Chen , Tu Chung‐Chieh , Chang Chia‐Ming 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo investigate the long‐term psychological reactions and resilient process of the young survivors after a large‐scale burn disaster of the Formosa Color Dust Explosion in Taiwan.DesignLongitudinal study with follow‐up interviews using standardized questionnaire during November 2015–June 2018.MethodsThe burn survivors received structured assessment in the four‐wave interviews including the five‐item Brief Symptom Rating Scale, nine‐item Concise Mental Health Checklist, and two‐item Patient Health Questionnaire for depressive symptoms and suicide risk assessment. Post‐traumatic psychological symptoms were assessed through the four‐item Startle, Physiological Arousal, Anger, and Numbness Scale, and six‐item Impact of Event Scale.FindingsThe response rates were 65.1%, 74.2%, 76.9%, and 78.5% across the four‐wave interviews among 484 burn survivors. The participants were mean‐aged 23.1 years with just over half having 40% or more burn wounds in total body surface area. The respondents at each wave were similar in gender, age, and per cent of total body surface area burned. In the first 2 years of recovery, the respondents showed resilience in coping with stress of trauma under family and social support. While there was a decreasing trend of psychological symptoms over the first 2 years, hypnotic use and alcohol consumption remained at about 10% in the final interview, which were accompanied by psychological symptom recurrence.ConclusionYoung burn survivors recovered both psychologically and physically under supportive care and personal resilience in 2 years after the burn event, yet post‐traumatic mental distress and coping efforts after 2 years during community reintegration should be detected and managed. Early prevention and detection of mental health deterioration is needed even after 2 years of burn disasters.ImpactThe study demonstrated post‐burn longitudinal changes on psychological reactions. Nursing staffs may help young burn survivors identify mental distress and stress management needs in the long‐term psychological adaptation process.
Advancement of global health: Recommendations from the Global Advisory Panel on the Future of Nursing & Midwifery (GAPFON®)
Authors: Klopper Hester C. , Madigan Elizabeth , Vlasich Cynthia , Albien Anouk , Ricciardi Richard , Catrambone Cathy , Tigges Elizabeth 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimsTo discuss nurses' contributions to global health through their participation in GAPFON®.DesignDiscussion paper that reviews literature related to global health, global nursing and midwifery based on the contributions of the GAPFON® report.Data sourcesA literature search of electronic databases was conducted for published articles during 2014–2018 in English focusing on the main themes of the GAPFON® report. Manual searches of relevant journals and internet sites were also undertaken.ResultsRecommendations and strategies were discussed that could have an impact on the advancement of the nursing profession's contribution to global health based on the GAPFON® report outcomes.Implications for NursingGAPFON® provides a framework to synergize and converge our activities to address professional issues around the globe, through implementation of the suggested strategies identified in the GAPFON® report. GAPFON® has engaged with nursing and midwifery leaders around the globe to determine both the most pressing health issues and professional issues in regions and the report is a synthesis of all the data, reflecting regional and global challenges. This article explores ways of how the report can be used as a basis for engagement with decision makers in global health.ConclusionAdvances in the professional areas embedded in the GAPFON® Model are expected to lead to capacity building, evidence‐based practice and ultimately improved quality of global health care. The strategies for implementation identified by regional stakeholders can have an impact on the global health agenda by focusing on nurses and midwives as the drivers of this change.
An EMT‐related gene signature for the prognosis of human bladder cancer
Authors: Cao Rui , Yuan Lushun , Ma Bo , Wang Gang , Qiu Wei , Tian Ye 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe transition from non–muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is detrimental to bladder cancer (BLCA) patients. Here, we aimed to study the underlying mechanism of the subtype transition. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) revealed the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) signalling pathway with the most positive correlation in this transition. Then, we built a LASSO Cox regression model of an EMT‐related gene signature in BLCA. The patients with high risk scores had significantly worse overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) than those with low risk scores. The EMT‐related gene signature also performed favourably in the accuracy of prognosis and in the subtype survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses demonstrated that the EMT‐related gene signature, pathological N stage and age were independent prognostic factors for predicting survival in BLCA patients. Furthermore, the predictive nomogram model was able to effectively predict the outcome of BLCA patients by appropriately stratifying the risk score. In conclusion, we developed a novel EMT‐related gene signature that has tumour‐promoting effects, acts as a negative independent prognostic factor and might facilitate personalized counselling and treatment in BLCA.
Monetary Policy Uncertainty and the Response of the Yield Curve to Policy Shocks
Authors: TILLMANN PETER 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper studies the nonlinear response of the term structure of interest rates to monetary policy shocks and presents a new stylized fact. We show that uncertainty about monetary policy changes the way the term structure responds to monetary policy. A policy tightening leads to a significantly smaller increase in long‐term bond yields if policy uncertainty is high at the time of the shock. We also look at the decomposition of bond yields into expectations about future policy and the term premium. The weaker response of yields is driven by the fall in term premia, which fall more strongly if uncertainty about policy is high. Conditional on a monetary policy shock, higher uncertainty about monetary policy tends to make securities with longer maturities relatively more attractive to investors. As a consequence, investors demand even lower term premia. These findings are robust to the measurement of monetary policy uncertainty, the definition of the monetary policy shock, and to changing the model specification.
Does class size matter in postgraduate education?
Authors: Gaggero Alessio , Haile Getinet 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe paper examines the impact of class size on postgraduate (PG) grades using administrative data from one of the largest Schools of a Russell Group University in the UK. As well as estimating fixed effects models on the population of PG candidates in the School, we exploit a policy change aimed at reducing class size to implement a regression discontinuity design. We find that class size does impact overall grades adversely; and the policy aimed at reducing class size impacts grades favourably. Our findings are robust to alternative specifications as well as being supported by the validity tests we conducted.
Fiscal rule compliance, poverty and social exclusion in the Eurozone
Authors: Bonasia Mariangela , Canale Rosaria Rita , Capasso Salvatore , D’Uva Marcella 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper develops a simple model of the effects of fiscal adjustments on poverty. Our theory suggests that in richer countries the effects of fiscal adjustment are stronger the more complex is the poverty measure. By examining a panel of 16 EU countries in the period 2005–2015, the paper finds that structural public balance adjustments may harm the welfare of poorer individuals. The empirical estimation hinges on a comprehensive index of poverty and social exclusion, the AROPE index. The results suggest that rigid fiscal rules require specific alternative policies to sustain the welfare of poorer individuals during downturns.
Factors contributing to clinical nurse compliance with infection prevention and control practices: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kim Hyunjung , Hwang Young Hui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough healthcare‐associated infection is preventable, low compliance with infection prevention and control practices has been a significant issue for hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, perceived safe environment, and compliance of clinical nurses and to identify the factors contributing to compliance with infection prevention and control practices. A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 197 nurses who worked in university hospitals in Korea. Data were collected using a self‐administrated questionnaire. Nurses correctly answered 67.4% of the questions regarding infection prevention and control knowledge, with the lowest correct scores (55%) related to multidrug‐resistant organisms. Nurses demonstrated favorable attitudes toward infection prevention and control (6.5 of 8) and favorable perceptions regarding safe environment (7.75 of 9). The overall compliance score was 87.41 of 100. Nurses' attitudes, perceived safe environment, and period of clinical experience had significant positive contributions to compliance. Among employment departments, the intensive care unit was associated with higher compliance. Our findings indicate that institutional support for safe environments should be combined with ongoing education for improving knowledge and attitudes of nurses, especially in general wards.
Exacerbation of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms after discontinuation of proton pump inhibitors is not associated with increased esophageal acid exposure
Authors: Hoshikawa Yoshimasa , Nikaki Kornilia , Sonmez Shirley , Nakagawa Kenichiro , Yazaki Etusro , Sifrim Daniel , Woodland Philip 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundDiscontinuation of long‐term proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) on patients with reflux symptoms can be challenging, as symptoms often exacerbate after stopping. The mechanism remains unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of stopping long‐term PPIs on patients with heartburn, and its association with esophageal acid exposure.MethodsPatients with heartburn on long‐term PPIs underwent symptom questionnaire, high‐resolution manometry, and 24h ambulatory impedance‐pH studies, following a 7‐day PPIs discontinuation. We investigated the association between exacerbation of symptoms and findings on ambulatory reflux studies.Key ResultsWe studied 37 patients. After stopping PPIs, 27 patients (73%) had exacerbation of heartburn. Esophageal acid exposure time% (AET) in patients with exacerbation of heartburn was not significantly higher than in patients without (3.5% [1.3‐9.7] vs 2.5% [1.3‐8.7], NS). Fourteen of 27 patients with exacerbation had physiological AET (<4%) as compared with 6 of 10 patients with physiological AET (NS). All questioned symptoms (heartburn, regurgitation, epigastric discomfort/pain, bloating/belch) worsened after stopping PPIs (NS).Conclusions & InferencesExacerbation of heartburn after discontinuation of PPIs does not appear to be due to increased esophageal acid exposure.
Kidney transplant practice patterns and outcome benchmarks over 30 years: The 2018 report of the NAPRTCS
Authors: Chua Annabelle , Cramer Carl , Moudgil Asha , Martz Karen , Smith Jodi , Blydt‐Hansen Tom , Neu Alicia , Dharnidharka Vikas R. ,   the NAPRTCS investigators
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe NAPRTCS has collected clinical information on children undergoing renal transplantation since 1987 and now includes information on 12 920 renal transplants in 11 870 patients. Since the first data analysis in 1989, NAPRTCS reports have documented marked improvements in patient and allograft outcomes after pediatric renal transplantation in addition to identifying factors associated with both favorable and poor outcomes. The registry has served to document and influence practice patterns, clinical outcomes, and changing trends in renal transplantation and also provides historical perspective. This report highlights current practices in an era of major changes in DD kidney allocation and continuing steroid minimization. This report presents outcomes of the patients in the NAPRTCS transplant registry up to end of 2017. In particular, an increase in the cumulative incidence of late first AR has occurred in the most recent cohort, while all prior cohorts had a lower cumulative incidence of late first AR.
Use of intravenous immunoglobulin in a highly sensitized pediatric renal transplant recipient with severe BK DNAemia and rising DSA
Authors: Piburn Kim Huynh , Al‐Akash Samhar 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBK DNAemia in renal transplant recipients is a significant cause of allograft dysfunction and can lead to graft loss due to BK polyomavirus–associated nephropathy or to graft rejection due to immunosuppression reduction. Currently, the first‐line treatment for BK DNAemia is immunosuppression reduction. Second‐line treatment for BK DNAemia has not been well‐established. In this report, we present a case of a highly sensitized second‐time pediatric renal transplant recipient with severe and persistent BK DNAemia and rising DSA, who was treated with IVIG and subsequently found to have clearance of BK viremia with concomitant reduction in DSA.
Nurses’ Kangaroo Mother Care practice implementation and future challenges: an integrative review
Authors: Maniago Jestoni D. , Almazan Joseph U. , Albougami Abdulrhman S. 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundNurses play a crucial role in Kangaroo Mother Care practice, but their application in specific policies and practices involves challenges. A comprehensive literature review is needed to improve understanding of specific barriers that are most relevant to nurses and the improvement of this practice. This review investigates nurses’ barriers in implementing Kangaroo Mother Care, in order to illustrate directions for future research.MethodsThis study was based on integrative review method and exploring nurses’ barriers in implementing Kangaroo Mother Care, strategies to reduce its barriers.CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Database, PubMed and Science Direct Taylor & Francis databases were searched for the following: (i) studies with no year restrictions, (ii) peer‐reviewed journal articles, (iii) original research and (iv) articles written in English. Each article was appraised for methodological validity review using critical appraisal checklist.ResultsThe search revealed 19 articles from diverse countries. Four main themes were generated from the synthesis of the findings: (i) barriers related to nurses’ perspective and emotion towardsKMC, (ii) healthcare institution barriers towardsKMC, (iii) barriers related to parental experience in providingKMCand (iv) strategy to improveKMCimplementation.ConclusionsNurses experience several barriers in successfully implementingKMCin healthcare settings. This review reported strategies to reduceKMCbarriers and to improve its utilisation in healthcare settings. Hospitals should establish adequate manpower, clear guidelines, sufficient supplies and equipment, capacity building among staff and proper Kangaroo Mother Care information dissemination for patients.