bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic imaging of Drosophila embryos with light sheet fluorescence microscopy on chip
Authors: Memeo Roberto , Paiè Petra , Sala Federico , Castriotta Michele , Guercio Chiara , Vaccari Thomas , Osellame Roberto , Bassi Andrea , Bragheri Francesca 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present a microscope on chip for automated imaging of Drosophila embryos by light sheet fluorescence microscopy. This integrated device, constituted by both optical and microfluidic components, allows the automatic acquisition of a 3D stack of images for specimens diluted in a liquid suspension. The device has been fully optimized to address the challenges related to the specimens under investigation. Indeed, the thickness and the high ellipticity of Drosophila embryos can degrade the image quality. In this regard, optical and fluidic optimization has been carried out to implement dual‐sided illumination and automatic sample orientation. In addition, we highlight the dual color investigation capabilities of this device, by processing two sample populations encoding different fluorescent proteins. This work was made possible by the versatility of the used fabrication technique, femtosecond laser micromachining, which allows straightforward fabrication of both optical and fluidic components in glass substrates.
Variation of the optical properties with size and composition of small, isolated CdxSey+ clusters
Authors: Jäger Marc , Schäfer Rolf 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGlobal energy minimum structures and optoelectronic properties are presented for isolated CdxSey+ clusters with x + y ≤ 26. The compositional‐ and size‐dependent variation of optical, electronic and geometric properties is systematically studied within the framework of ground state and time‐dependent density functional theory. The applied methods are justified by benchmarks with experimental data. It is shown that the optical gap can be tuned by more than 2 eV by only changing the composition for a fixed number of atoms. The stoichiometric species reveal an unexpected size‐dependent behavior in comparison to larger colloidal CdSe quantum dots, that is, a redshift of the optical gap was observed with decreasing cluster size in contrast to predictions by quantum‐size effects. This unexpected result is discussed in detail taking the positive charge of the clusters into account.
Retracted: A porous Co(II)‐containing metal–organic framework: Selective CO2 capture and clinical nursing values on the myocardial infarction by regulating the mi‐RNA16 expression
Authors: Zhang Yan , Lv Lian‐Shuang , Li Wen‐Jing , Zhang Yue , Lu Ning , Han Xia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the present research, a porous metal–organic framework (MOF) has been synthesized via utilizing 2‐amino[1,1:3,1‐terphenyl]‐4,4,5‐tricarboxylic acid, the amino‐functionalized ligand as the raw material under the solvothermal conditions, and its chemical formula is {[Co3(OH)(ATTCA)2(H2O)]·C2H6NH2·4DMF·H2O} (1). At 273 K, activated MOF (1a) reflects highly selective adsorption of CO2 over CH4 (11.7) and N2 (292.5) and strong CO2‐skeleton interaction. It is significant that the exposure of water vapor does not influence the several carbon dioxide cycles on absorption and release and/or surface area, indicating porous structures have the latent capacity of long‐term use in the wet conditions. In biological research, its therapeutic activity on the myocardial infarction was assessed, and at the same time, the detailed mechanism was investigated. Firstly, real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) method was conducted to determine the mi‐RNA16 expression levels in the cardiomyocytes. Then, the expression level of the target protein of the mi‐RNA16, XOSC was evaluated with western blotting assay. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation shows that the carboxyl function groups are the origin of the biological activity, which could form multiple binding interactions to the protein.
The impact of social media on self‐evaluations of men striving for a muscular ideal
Authors: Piatkowski Timothy M. , White Katherine M. , Hides Leanne M. , Obst Patricia L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper describes an innovative approach combining a content analysis of commentary and images on a Facebook page with a thematic analysis of the subjective experience expressed in interviews of those impacted by the text and images. Interview participants were asked about their perceptions of the representation of the muscularity‐focused identity on social media, including the specific Facebook page. Content analysis of the Facebook page comments showed that very muscular male images attracted predominantly negative feedback from the public, a trend supported by the interview participants. Thematic analysis of the interviews indicated that a negative social media representation and commentary can affect young men's self‐esteem and increase body concern. Some men represented on the Page found it humorous, which could serve as a form of bonding for the muscularity‐focused online community. Other young men acknowledged how harmful such negative feedback can be on their self‐evaluations and body image, consistent with the sociocultural framework whereby negative representations can lead to increased body dissatisfaction.
An intact membrane is essential for small extracellular vesicle‐induced modulation of α‐synuclein fibrillization
Authors: Ugalde Cathryn L. , Gordon Shane E. , Shambrook Mitch , Nasiri Kenari Amirmohammad , Coleman Bradley M. , Perugini Matthew A. , Lawson Victoria A. , Finkelstein David I. , Hill Andrew F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe misfolding and fibrillization of the protein, α‐synuclein (αsyn), is associated with neurodegenerative disorders referred to as the synucleinopathies. Understanding the mechanisms of αsyn misfolding is an important area of interest given that αsyn misfolding contributes to disease pathogenesis. While many studies report the ability of synthetic lipid membranes to modulate αsyn folding, there is little data pertaining to the mechanism(s) of this interaction. αSyn has previously been shown to associate with small lipid vesicles released by cells called extracellular vesicles (EVs) and it is postulated these interactions may assist in the spreading of pathological forms of this protein. Together, this presents the need for robust characterisation studies on αsyn fibrillization using biologically‐derived vesicles. In this study, we comprehensively characterised the ability of lipid‐rich small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to alter the misfolding of αsyn induced using the Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA) assay. The biochemical and biophysical properties of misfolded αsyn were examined using a range of techniques including: Thioflavin T fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, analytical centrifugation and western immunoblot coupled with protease resistance assays and soluble/insoluble fractionation. We show that sEVs cause an acceleration in αsyn fibrillization and provide comprehensive evidence that this results in an increase in the abundance of mature insoluble fibrillar species. In order to elucidate the relevance of the lipid membrane to this interaction, sEV lipid membranes were modified by treatment with methanol, or a combination of methanol and sarkosyl. These treatments altered the ultrastructure of the sEVs without changing the protein cargo. Critically, these modified sEVs had a reduced ability to influence αsyn fibrillization compared to untreated counterparts. This study reports the first comprehensive examination of αsyn:EV interactions and demonstrates that sEVs are powerful modulators of αsyn fibrillization, which is mediated by the sEV membrane. In doing so, this work provides strong evidence for a role of sEVs in contributing directly to αsyn misfolding in the synucleinopathy disorders.
The use of Kampo medications that may cause heart failure in hospitalized acute heart failure patients in a Japanese hospital
Authors: Komagamine Junpei , Kaminaga Miho , Omori Toshikazu , Tatsumi Shinpei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of Kampo medications (Japanese traditional herbal medications) is common in Japan. However, some Kampo medications may cause heart failure. Given that the incidence of heart failure has increased in past decades, investigating the prevalence of the use of Kampo medications that may cause heart failure in patients with acute heart failure is important.MethodA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted. All 437 consecutive hospitalized patients with acute heart failure from April 2017 to October 2019 were included. The primary outcome was the use of Kampo medications, including ephedra, licorice, aconite, or ginseng, which were defined as those that may cause heart failure. The causality between these medications and the index of acute heart failure was determined by clinical pharmacists based on the Naranjo criteria.ResultsThe mean patient age was 81.1 years old, and 199 (54.5%) were women. Kampo medications that may cause heart failure were used in 30 patients (6.9%), and in four of these patients, acute heart failure was judged to be caused by Kampo medications. In the multivariable analysis, the number of non‐Kampo medications used regularly (OR 1.13) and female sex (OR 2.23) were the only independent predictive factors for the use of Kampo medications that may cause heart failure.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of acute heart failure patients in Japanese hospitals use Kampo medications that may cause heart failure. Further study is warranted to investigate the causal link between the incidence of acute heart failure and the use of these herbal medications.
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of the Hippocampal Fimbria in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Au Chun Ki Franklin , Abrigo Jill , Liu Chunlei , Liu Wanting , Lee Jack , Au Lisa Wing Chi , Chan Queenie , Chen Sirong , Leung Eric Yim Lung , Ho Chi Lai , Ko Ho , Mok Vincent Chung Tong , Chen Weitian 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe fimbria is a small white matter bundle that connects the hippocampus to the rest of the brain. Damage to the hippocampal gray matter is established in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the hippocampal fimbrial status in the pathogenesis of AD is unclear. AD‐related demyelination and iron deposition alter the diamagnetic and paramagnetic composition of tissues, which can be measured by quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).HypothesisAD is associated with microstructural changes in the fimbria that might be detected by QSM.Study typeRetrospective cross‐sectional study.SubjectsIn all, 53 adults comprised of controls (n = 30), subjects with early stage AD (n = 13), and late stage AD (n = 10) who were classified according to their amyloid and tau status and presence of hippocampal atrophy.Field Strength / Sequence3T; 3D fast‐field echo sequence for QSM analysis and 3D T1‐weighted MP‐RAGE sequence for anatomical analysis.AssessmentSegmentation of the left hippocampal fimbria subfield was performed on T1‐weighted images and was applied to the coregistered QSM map for extraction of the mean, median, minimum, and maximum values of QSM.Statistical testsGroup comparison of QSM values using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post‐hoc Tukey's test, accuracy of binary differentiation using receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and individual classification using discriminant analysis.ResultsQSMmean and QSMmedian values were significantly different among the three groups (P < 0.05) and showed a shifting from negative in the control group to positive in the AD group. The control and early AD subjects, who have normal hippocampal volumes, were differentiated by the QSMmean value (area under the curve [AUC] 0.744, P < 0.05) and the QSMmedian value (AUC 0.782, P < 0.05). Up to 76% of subjects (inclusive of 26 controls and six with early AD) were correctly classified using a model incorporating clinical and radiologic data.Data ConclusionThe fimbria showed higher magnetic susceptibility in AD compared with controls.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage3
Aerobic exercise prescription in heart failure patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Tedjasukmana Deddy , Triangto Kevin , Radi Basuni 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExercise for heart failure patients had been shown to be beneficial in improving functional status, and was reviewed to be safe. In cases of advanced heart failure, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) is a promising medical option before being a heart transplant candidate. CRT itself is a biventricular pacing device, which could detect electrical aberrance in the failing heart and provide a suitable response. Studies have shown that exercise has clear benefits toward improving an overall exercise capacity of the patients. Despite its impacts, these randomized clinical trials have varying exercise regime, and until now there has not been a standardized exercise prescription for this group of patients. The nature of CRT as a pacemaker, sometimes with defibrillator, being attached to a heart failure patient, each has its own potential exercise hazards. Therefore, providing detailed exercise prescription in adjusting to the medical condition is very essential in the field of physical medicine and rehabilitation. Being classified as a high‐risk patient group, exercise challenges for the complex heart failure with CRT patients will then be discussed in this literature review, with a general aim to provide a safe, effective, and targeted exercise regime.
Evidence‐Based Practices Reduce Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Improve Nutrition Outcomes in Very Low‐Birth‐Weight Infants
Authors: Chandran Suresh , Anand Amudha Jayanthi , Rajadurai Victor Samuel , Seyed Ehsan Saffari , Khoo Poh Choo , Chua Mei Chien 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal emergency in preterm infants. Survivors may suffer both short‐ and long‐term morbidities. Current evidence suggests that the incidence of NEC can be reduced by standardizing the care delivery in addressing key risk factors including an altered gut microbiome, use of formula milk, hyperosmolar feeds, and unrestricted use of high‐risk medicationsMethodsSince 2014, the department has a workgroup who analyzed all cases of NEC within a month of diagnosis to identify preventable risk factors. Existing evidence‐based quality improvement strategies were revised and new ones were implemented sequentially over the next 4 years. These strategies include (1) a standardized feeding protocol, (2) early initiation of enteral feeding using human milk, (3) optimization of the osmolality of preterm milk feeds using standardized dilution guidelines for additives, and (4) promotion of healthy microbiome by use of probiotics, early oral care with colostrum and by restricting high‐risk medications and prolonged use of empirical antibioticsResultsBaseline characteristics of the patients including sex, gestational age, and birth weight were similar during the study period. After implementing the evidence‐based practices successively over 4 years, the incidence of NEC in very‐ low birth‐weight (VLBW) infants dropped from 7% in 2014 to 0% (P < .001) in 2018. The duration of parenteral nutrition, use of central line, and days to full feeds were also reduced significantly (P < .05)ConclusionAdopting evidence‐based best practices resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of NEC and improved the nutrition outcomes in VLBW infants.
The effect of place personality on resident welcoming tourist through positive and negative impacts of tourism
Authors: Unurlu Çiğdem 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to identify residents' place personality attitudes regarding the place in which they live and to determine the effects of this attitude on attitudes to positive and negative impacts of tourism and residents' welcoming of tourists. Results of the analysis reveal that the sincerity and excitement dimensions of place personality affected residents welcoming tourists through attitudes to positive impacts of tourism; however, the sophistication dimension affected residents welcoming tourists through attitudes to negative impacts of tourism. Additionally, the influence of the sophistication dimension on attitudes to negative impacts of tourism is relatively higher.
Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation: Outcomes in Veterans with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Common Comorbid Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Dhanda Patil Reena , Sarber Kathleen M. , Epperson Madison V. , Tabangin Meredith , Altaye Mekibib , Mesa Franklin , Ishman Stacey L. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives/HypothesisVeterans have an increasing prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and high levels of intolerance to positive airway pressure (PAP). The hypoglossal nerve stimulator (HNS) is a promising alternative surgical treatment for OSA in these patients, many of whom suffer from mental health conditions such as post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that may negatively affect their ability to use PAP. Our aims were: 1) to assess postoperative changes in OSA severity and sleepiness in a veteran only population after HNS; 2) to compare postoperative changes in OSA severity, sleepiness and HNS adherence between veterans with and without PTSD; and 3) to compare HNS adherence in our population to HNS adherence in the current literature as well as published PAP adherence data.Study DesignRetrospective and prospective case series.MethodsClinical data on consecutive patients undergoing HNS in a Veterans Affairs hospital were examined for demographic data as well as medical, sleep, and mental health comorbidities. The overall cohort as well as subsets of patients with and without PTSD were examined for postoperative changes in OSA severity (apnea hypopnea index [AHI], lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT]), and sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale [ESS]), as well as for device adherence. PTSD and depression symptomatology were measured using the PTSD Checklist 5 (PCL‐5) and Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ‐9).ResultsForty‐six veterans were included. Forty‐four patients were male (95.6%), 45 were white (97.8%), and the mean age was 61.3 years. Twenty‐six patients met PCL‐5 criteria for PTSD and 17 did not. OSA severity and sleepiness improved significantly in the overall cohort after HNS; median (IQR) AHI decreased from 39.2 (24.0, 63.0) to 7.4 (1.2, 20.8) events/hour (P < .0001), mean LSAT increased from 81% to 88% (P < .0001) and mean ESS decreased from 10.9 to 6.7 (P < .0001). These improvements were similar between patients with and without PTSD (P = .434–.918). Overall device adherence was 6.1 hours/night for the overall cohort and was not significantly different between patients with and without PTSD (P = .992).ConclusionsHNS is an efficacious therapy in a veteran population, providing patients with significant improvements in OSA severity and sleepiness. Veterans with and without PTSD benefited similarly from HNS when comparing improvements in sleep apnea severity and sleepiness as well as device usage. Adherence was similar to previously published HNS adherence data and better than PAP adherence reported in the literature.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:S1–S11, 2021
From forests to fish: Mercury in mountain lake food webs influenced by factors at multiple scales
Authors: Chiapella Ariana M. , Eagles‐Smith Collin A. , Strecker Angela L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMountain lakes, while seemingly pristine, have been subjected to historical fish stocking practices and exposure to atmospherically deposited contaminants like mercury. Mercury bioaccumulation in these ecosystems varies widely due to strong environmental gradients, and there are complex, hierarchical factors that affect mercury transport and loading, methylmercury production, and food web biomagnification. We sought to assess how representative variables associated with watershed, lake, and food web‐scale processes—specifically, catchment tree cover, lake benthic primary production, and fish diet, respectively—are associated with mercury concentrations in mountain lake fish. Mean fish mercury concentrations varied threefold between lakes, with nearshore tree cover and fish diet accounting for the most variance in fish mercury. Tree cover was likely positively correlated to fish Hg due to its contributions to local deposition and its effect on lake biogeochemistry. Fish with benthic diets tended to have higher mercury concentrations, illustrating that food web processes are an important consideration when investigating drivers of contaminant bioaccumulation. Our results suggest that both landscape and ecological factors are determinants of fish mercury bioaccumulation, and thus variables at multiple scales should be considered when managing mountain lake food webs for mercury exposure risk.
Effects of Pressure from High‐Pressure Homogenization on the Performance of Soybean Flour Based‐Adhesive
Authors: Zhang Yi , Shi Ruiqing , Zhan Xianxu , Zhang Jieyu , Li Jianzhang , Luo Jing , Gao Qiang , Shi Sheldon Q. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA green and sustainable soybean flour (SF) adhesive is considered as a potential alternative to toxic formaldehyde‐based resins. Nevertheless, poor bond stability and low bonding strength is caused by the uneven size distribution and low reactivity of SF. Herein, SF adhesives with excellent and stable performance are synthesized via the synergistic action of high‐pressure homogenization (HPH) treatment by incorporating a green crosslinker. Specifically, an even distribution of the SF particles is obtained after the HPH treatment, from which large soy protein molecules are broken to several small and even single protein molecules. In this way, the adhesion stability is improved. Additionally, more active groups buried in proteins are exposed after the HPH treatment due to the unfolding of the protein molecules. Therefore, a more reactive SF is obtained and thus forms a denser crosslinking structure of resultant the adhesive, providing an increase in bonding strength. Particularly, the effects of homogenizing pressure on the adhesive performance are investigated. The results show that a 215.6% increase of wet bonding strength (1.01 MPa) is obtained after the HPH treatment with a homogenizing pressure of 20 MPa, meeting the standards (GB/T 9846‐2015) for interior applications.
Visualized analysis of trends and hotspots in global oral microbiome research: A bibliometric study
Authors: Liao Ga , Wu Jinyun , Peng Xian , Li Yuqing , Tang Li , Xu Xin , Deng Dongmei , Zhou Xuedong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe oral microbiome contains numerous bacteria, which directly or indirectly participate in various human functions and continuously exchange signals and substances with the human body, significantly affecting human life cycle, health, and disease. This study aimed to conduct bibliometric studies on the scientific outputs of global oral microbiome research by Citespace software. The data were obtained from the Thomson Reuters' Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), from the first relevant literature published until December 31st, 2019, and a total of 2225 articles and reviews were identified. The top country and institutions are the United States and Harvard University. Keywords analysis showed that periodontal disease, oral microbes, and dental plaque are research hotspots. The burst word analysis indicates that early childhood caries, squamous cell carcinoma, gut microbiome, Helicobacter pylori, Candida albicans, and dysbiosis are likely to become the research hotspots of the next era. We also recommend the use of knowledge mapping methods to track specific knowledge areas efficiently and objectively regularly, which can accurately identify hotspots and frontiers and provide valuable information for practitioners in the field, including related scientists, students, journals, and editors.