bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs
Authors: González-Álvarez E. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Caballero J. A. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Béjar V. J. S. , González-Cuesta L. , Dreizler S. , Bauer F. F. , Rodríguez E. , Tal-Or L. , Zechmeister M. , Montes D. , López-González M. J. , Ribas I. , Reiners A. , Quirrenbach A. , Amado P. J. , Anglada-Escudé G. , Azzaro M. , Cortés-Contreras M. , Hatzes A. P. , Henning T. , Jeffers S. V. , Kaminski A. , Kürster M. , Lafarga M. , Morales J. C. , Pallé E. , Perger M. , Schmitt J. H. M. M. 
Published: March 2020

Aims. We report on radial velocity time series for two M0.0 V stars, GJ 338 B and GJ 338 A, using the CARMENES spectrograph, complemented by ground-telescope photometry from Las Cumbres and Sierra Nevada observatories. We aim to explore the presence of small planets in tight orbits using the spectroscopic radial velocity technique.
Methods. We obtained 159 and 70 radial velocity measurements of GJ 338 B and A, respectively, with the CARMENES visible channel between 2016 January and 2018 October. We also compiled additional relative radial velocity measurements from the literature and a collection of astrometric data that cover 200 a of observations to solve for the binary orbit.
Results. We found dynamical masses of 0.64 ± 0.07 M⊙ for GJ 338 B and 0.69 ± 0.07 M⊙ for GJ 338 A. The CARMENES radial velocity periodograms show significant peaks at 16.61 ± 0.04 d (GJ 338 B) and 16.3−1.3+3.5 d (GJ 338 A), which have counterparts at the same frequencies in CARMENES activity indicators and photometric light curves. We attribute these to stellar rotation. GJ 338 B shows two additional, significant signals at 8.27 ± 0.01 and 24.45 ± 0.02 d, with no obvious counterparts in the stellar activity indices. The former is likely the first harmonic of the star’s rotation, while we ascribe the latter to the existence of a super-Earth planet with a minimum mass of 10.27−1.38+1.47 M⊕ orbiting GJ 338 B. We have not detected signals of likely planetary origin around GJ 338 A.
Conclusions. GJ 338 Bb lies inside the inner boundary of the habitable zone around its parent star. It is one of the least massive planets ever found around any member of stellar binaries. The masses, spectral types, brightnesses, and even the rotational periods are very similar for both stars, which are likely coeval and formed from the same molecular cloud, yet they differ in the architecture of their planetary systems.
The GRAVITY young stellar object survey
Authors:   GRAVITY Collaboration, Caratti o Garatti A. , Fedriani R. , Garcia Lopez R. , Koutoulaki M. , Perraut K. , Linz H. , Brandner W. , Garcia P. , Klarmann L. , Henning T. , Labadie L. , Sanchez-Bermudez J. , Lazareff B. , van Dishoeck E. F. , Caselli P. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Bik A. , Benisty M. , Dougados C. , Ray T. P. , Amorim A. , Berger J.-P. , Clénet Y. , Coudé du Foresto V. , Duvert G. , Eckart A. , Eisenhauer F. , Gao F. , Gendron E. , Genzel R. , Gillessen S. , Gordo P. , Jocou L. , Horrobin M. , Kervella P. , Lacour S. , Le Bouquin J.-B. , Léna P. , Grellmann R. , Ott T. , Paumard T. , Perrin G. , Rousset G. , Scheithauer S. , Shangguan J. , Stadler J. , Straub O. , Straubmeier C. , Sturm E. , Thi W. F. , Vincent F. H. , Widmann F. 
Published: March 2020

Context. The inner regions of the discs of high-mass young stellar objects (HMYSOs) are still poorly known due to the small angular scales and the high visual extinction involved.
Aims. We deploy near-infrared spectro-interferometry to probe the inner gaseous disc in HMYSOs and investigate the origin and physical characteristics of the CO bandhead emission (2.3–2.4 μm).
Methods. We present the first GRAVITY/VLTI observations at high spectral (ℛ = 4000) and spatial (mas) resolution of the CO overtone transitions in NGC 2024 IRS 2.
Results. The continuum emission is resolved in all baselines and is slightly asymmetric, displaying small closure phases (≤8°). Our best ellipsoid model provides a disc inclination of 34° ±1°, a disc major axis position angle (PA) of 166° ± 1°, and a disc diameter of 3.99 ± 0.09 mas (or 1.69  ±  0.04 au, at a distance of 423 pc). The small closure phase signals in the continuum are modelled with a skewed rim, originating from a pure inclination effect. For the first time, our observations spatially and spectrally resolve the first four CO bandheads. Changes in visibility, as well as differential and closure phases across the bandheads are detected. Both the size and geometry of the CO-emitting region are determined by fitting a bidimensional Gaussian to the continuum-compensated CO bandhead visibilities. The CO-emitting region has a diameter of 2.74±0.070.08 mas (1.16  ±  0.03 au), and is located in the inner gaseous disc, well within the dusty rim, with inclination and PA matching the dusty disc geometry, which indicates that both dusty and gaseous discs are coplanar. Physical and dynamical gas conditions are inferred by modelling the CO spectrum. Finally, we derive a direct measurement of the stellar mass of M* ∼ 14.7−3.6+2 M⊙ by combining our interferometric and spectral modelling results.
Validity of Caloric Expenditure Measured from a Wheelchair User
Smartwatch
Authors: Moreno Daniel , Glasheen Evan , Domingo Antoinette , Panaligan Van Brian , Penaflor Taylor , Rioveros Andrew , Kressler Jochen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the validity of measured caloric
expenditure from a fitness smartwatch designed to measured values in wheelchair
users against criterion values from a portable metabolic system. 15 wheelchair
users and 15 able-bodied participants completed multiple tasks; wheelchair
treadmill routine at 30, 45, and 60 strokes per minute, arm cycle ergometry at
45, 60, and 80 revolutions per minute, and arm cycle ergometry
VO2Peak test. There were no interactions for device or task and group
(wheelchair users vs. able bodied, p=0.375-0.944) therefore results were
pooled across groups for all measures. The smartwatch exhibited poor to moderate
caloric expenditure association during wheelchair treadmill routine
(ICC<0.39) and arm cycle ergometry (ICC<0.541). Smartwatch
underestimated caloric expenditure during the wheelchair treadmill task (Mean
differences (Limits of Agreement)) (−2.11 (−8.19–3.96),
−3.68 (−12.64–5.28), and −4.51
(−15.05–6.02)) and overestimated during the arm cycle ergometry
task (0.89 (−3.10–4.88), 3.40 (−0.31–7.12), and
2.81 (−1.71–7.32)). The smartwatch is currently not well suited
to calculate caloric expenditure when performing exercise tasks on a wheelchair
treadmill and arm cycle ergometry.
Kognitive und affektive Prozesse bei Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID): Eine Pilotstudie
Authors: Behrens Carolin , Friel Pauline , Grocholewski Anja , Dombert Elisa , Brühl Antonia , Kasten Erich , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungPersonen mit Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID) haben den starken Wunsch nach einer Amputation (BID-A) oder Lähmung (BID-L). Erkenntnisse über psychische Aspekte von BID basieren fast ausschließlich auf Selbstberichten. Diese Pilotstudie soll anhand experimenteller Paradigmen Erkenntnisse zu kognitiven und affektiven Prozessen, die über den Verbalbericht der Betroffenen hinausgehen, gewinnen. Dafür wurden n=5 Personen mit BID-A, n=3 mit BID-L, n=22 psychisch gesunde Personen und n=8 Personen mit körperdysmorpher Störung (KDS, eine andere Gruppe mit starken Körpermodifikationswünschen) erhoben. Es wurde die selektive Aufmerksamkeit (Eyetracking-Paradigma), die Anfälligkeit für fehlerhafte Erinnerungen (DRM-Paradigma) und die affektive Nichtbeteiligung am unerwünschten Körperteil (Induzierung und Zerstörung einer Rubber-Hand/Foot-Illusion) untersucht. Im deskriptiven Vergleich blickten die hier teilnehmenden Personen mit BID-A schneller und länger auf abgebildete Amputationsstümpfe als alle anderen Gruppen und zeigten eine geringere Schreckreaktion auf die Zerstörung ihrer Körperillusion. Für eine erhöhte Anfälligkeit für fehlerhafte Erinnerungen gab es keine Hinweise. Die kleine Stichprobengröße lässt keine Generalisierung zu. Trotzdem zeigen die Ergebnisse dieser Pilotstudie, dass Symptome von BID und darunter liegende Prozesse auch über Selbstberichte hinaus erfassbar sind und sie geben erste Hinweise darauf, dass die selektive Aufmerksamkeit und die affektive Beteiligung am unerwünschten Körperteil bei Personen mit BID-A im Vgl. zu Personen, die sich keine Amputation wünschen (inkl. Personen mit BID-L), abweicht. Die zugrundeliegenden Prozesse besser zu verstehen, könnte dabei helfen ein Störungsmodell zu entwickeln, Subgruppen zu identifizieren und Behandlungsansätze abzuleiten.
Vaccinations and Screening Examinations – Prevention Awareness Among Children of Childhood Cancer Survivors in Germany
Authors: Schuster Theresa , Borgmann-Staudt Anja , König Charlotte Jessica , Sommerhäuser Greta , Korte Elisabeth , Hölling Heike , Schilling Ralph , Balcerek Magdalena 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Immunisation levels and attendance of preventive screening examinations indicate primary health prevention awareness. We investigated participation among German childhood cancer survivors’ (CCS’) offspring in our national offspring study.
Patients and methods CCS with biological children were surveyed on their offspring’s vaccination levels and attendance of preventive screening examinations by questionnaire. Data from the German general population was available for matched-pair analysis (KiGGS study, Robert Koch-Institute, n=17,641).
Results Overall, 852/1,299 (65,6%) CCS completed 1,340 questionnaires regarding their childrenʼs health. In comparison with the general population, coverage of tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis inoculations were similar (tetanus 99,1 vs. 98,4%). Measles, mumps and rubella vaccinations were carried out significantly more often by CCS’ offspring (rubella 96,1 vs. 91,7%). Throughout all age groups, preventive screening examinations were attended significantly more often by CCS’ offspring. Parentʼs anxiety regarding their offspring’s health was identified to be a confounding variable for vaccination rates.
Discussion and conclusion CCS’ offspring showed comparable to significantly higher participation levels of recommended vaccinations and screening examinations than their peers from the German general population. In contrast to the general population the attendance of CCS’ offspring did not decrease with rising age. CCS’ own experiences and increased worry about their children’s health may lead to a higher prevention awareness. This should be considered in counselling parents with a cancer history.
Synthetic Approaches to Contemporary Drugs that Contain the Cyclopropyl Moiety
Authors: Časar Zdenko 
Published: March 2020

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved 18 new drugs that incorporate the cyclopropyl structural motif in the time frame from 2012 to 2018. This review provides an overview of synthetic approaches to these drugs with emphasis on the construction of the cyclopropyl moiety or its incorporation into the key building blocks for assembly of the highlighted drugs. Based on the structural diversity of these drugs, synthetic approaches for the construction and introduction of the cyclopropyl moiety into their structure are diverse and include: cycloalkylation (double alkylation) of CH-acids, catalytic cyclopropanation of alkenes with diazo compounds, the Simmons–Smith reaction, the Corey–Chaykovsky reaction, the Kulinkovich reaction, the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction, and cycloaddition. In addition, the cyclopropyl structure was also introduced into the drug substance intermediates via simple cyclopropyl-moiety-containing building blocks, such as cyclopropylamine, cyclopropanesulfonamide, cyclopropanecarbonyl chloride, and cyclopropylmagnesium bromide.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Recently Approved Cyclopropyl-Moiety-Containing Drugs2.1	Cabozantinib2.2	Trametinib2.3	Simeprevir2.4	Ledipasvir2.5	Olaparib2.6	Tasimelteon2.7	Finafloxacin2.8	Paritaprevir2.9	Lenvatinib2.10	Lumacaftor2.11	Lesinurad2.12	Grazoprevir2.13	Glecaprevir2.14	Ozenoxacin2.15	Voxilaprevir2.16	Naldemedine2.17	Tezacaftor2.18	Tecovirimat3	Conclusion
Liver Matrix in Benign and Malignant Biliary Tract Disease
Authors: Fabris Luca , Cadamuro Massimiliano , Cagnin Silvia , Strazzabosco Mario , Gores Gregory J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe extracellular matrix is a highly reactive scaffold formed by a wide array of multifunctional molecules, encompassing collagens and noncollagenous glycoproteins, proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, and polysaccharides. Besides outlining the tissue borders, the extracellular matrix profoundly regulates the behavior of resident cells by transducing mechanical signals, and by integrating multiple cues derived from the microenvironment. Evidence is mounting that changes in the biostructure of the extracellular matrix are instrumental for biliary repair. Following biliary damage and eventually, malignant transformation, the extracellular matrix undergoes several quantitative and qualitative modifications, which direct interactions among hepatic progenitor cells, reactive ductular cells, activated myofibroblasts and macrophages, to generate the ductular reaction. Herein, we will give an overview of the main molecular factors contributing to extracellular matrix remodeling in cholangiopathies. Then, we will discuss the structural alterations in terms of biochemical composition and physical stiffness featuring the “desmoplastic matrix” of cholangiocarcinoma along with their pro-oncogenic effects.
Electrically powered motions of toron crystallites in chiral liquid crystals
Authors: Sohn Hayley R. O. , Smalyukh Ivan I. 
Published: March 2020

SignificanceTopological solitons exhibit particle-like behavior and, similar to colloids, allow one to model out-of-equilibrium processes like crystallization, melting, and defect motions in molecular and atomic systems. We now show that such soft solitonic particles can also exhibit dynamics not accessible to their atomic and molecular counterparts. These dynamics arise from facile responses of the liquid crystal host medium to external fields, causing nonreciprocal shearing-like deformations of quasi-hexagonal lattices of torons in a periodically tilted director background. Collective motions of crystallites of these solitons prompt fascinating evolution of grain boundaries and five–seven defects within them. Our findings reveal rich active-matter behavior of topologically protected objects at both the building-block and crystal lattice scales.
Suppression of age-related salivary gland autoimmunity by glycosylation-dependent galectin-1-driven immune inhibitory circuits
Authors: Martínez Allo Verónica C. , Hauk Vanesa , Sarbia Nicolas , Pinto Nicolás A. , Croci Diego O. , Dalotto-Moreno Tomás , Morales Rosa M. , Gatto Sabrina G. , Manselle Cocco Montana N. , Stupirski Juan C. , Deladoey Ángel , Maronna Esteban , Marcaida Priscila , Durigan Virginia , Secco Anastasia , Mamani Marta , Dos Santos Alicia , Catalán Pellet Antonio , Pérez Leiros Claudia , Rabinovich Gabriel A. , Toscano Marta A. 
Published: March 2020

SignificanceDifferent immune inhibitory circuits act in concert to prevent and limit the extent of deleterious autoimmune reactions occurring during the aging process. An in-depth understanding of these pathways is critical for implementation of more selective and powerful immunomodulatory modalities capable of attenuating autoimmune inflammation. Here we show that lack of galectin-1 (an endogenous β-galactoside-binding protein) or specific N-glycosylated ligands leads to a gradual breakdown of tolerogenic programs and to the establishment of age-related salivary gland autoimmunity. This study emphasizes the role of lectin–glycan interactions in the maintenance and restoration of immune tolerance and highlights their clinical relevance and therapeutic potential in chronic inflammatory disorders.
Learning to perceive, produce and recognise words in a non-native language
Authors: Elvin Jaydene , Williams Daniel , Escudero Paola 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This chapter investigates three important skills that facilitate L2 communication: (1) perception (listening), (2) spoken word recognition (understanding) and (3) production (speaking) and their interrelation. In Part One, we present a review of the literature pertaining to L2 acquisition in Portuguese, with a particular focus on phonological acquisition. In Part Two, we review a series of recent studies that investigated the acquisition of Brazilian Portuguese vowels by naïve Australian English (AusE) and European Spanish (ES) listeners at the initial stage of learning. Each study targets one of the aforementioned skills and we will discuss the interrelation between them at the initial stage of L2 acquisition. We conclude the chapter by discussing the implications of this research for second-language learners and teachers of Portuguese.
The changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish
Authors: Michnowicz Jim , Hyler Alex 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This is a real time sociolinguistic analysis of the changing rhythm of Yucatan Spanish (YS), measured by four rhythm metrics: %V, ΔC, Vnpvi and Crpvi. We compare apparent time data, previously collected in 2005, with real time data collected 11 years later, in 2016, analyzing the prosodic rhythm of YS across three age groups (2005 older vs. younger; 2016 younger) and two language groups (Maya-Spanish bilinguals vs. Spanish monolinguals). Results indicate that younger speakers are moving away from the Maya-influenced rhythm of traditional YS, and are instead adopting a rhythm similar to Mexico City Spanish. These changes are explained as a process of new dialect formation/koineization, as the dialect stabilizes after a period of intense dialect and language contact.
The unstressed vowel system of Asturian Spanish
Authors: Barnes Sonia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Influenced by the minority language of the region, speakers of Asturian Spanish vary in their production of final back vowels in the masculine singular morpheme, with realizations that range from Spanish [-o] (e.g., perro) to Asturian [-u] (e.g., perru). In this study, I compare the acoustic properties of [o] and [u] in unstressed final and non-final position using the Pillai-Barlett Statistic in R. The results show that young speakers and women have significantly lower pillai scores word-finally, indicating a higher degree of merger between the two vowels in that position. I propose that these speakers are producing a “neutral” variant that allows them to minimize the social risk of using a stigmatized form, while being able to index regional identity.
Portuguese remnants in the Spanish of Olivenza (Extremadura)
Authors: Gabriel Christoph , Grünke Jonas , Kireva Elena 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Olivenza Spanish (OS), spoken in the border zone between Extremadura and Alentejo, is characterized by salient phonological features that can plausibly be interpreted as long-term effects of Portuguese-Spanish bilingualism. We present the results of a formant analysis of unstressed /o/, which is raised to [u] in a quarter of OS cases, and discuss selected outcomes of recent (supra)segmental studies on the variety in question. It is argued that the respective findings speak in favor of interpreting OS as the result, first, of L1 transfer that occurred during the processes of L2 acquisition by the inhabitants of Olivenza after its incorporation into Spain in 1801, and second, of the local dialect’s subsequent convergence with the dominant variety, Castilian Spanish.
A cognitive approach to the grammaticalization of the epistemic marker
fijo
Authors: Lavale-Ortiz Ruth María 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present paper has as its aim to show the semantic
evolution of the form fijo through which it has acquired
increasingly pragmatic uses and functions until it became an epistemic
marker. Within this grammaticalization process, the cognitive procedures of
metaphor and metonymy, as well as the general mechanism of subjectification,
explain the semantic change experienced by this unit thanks to its
appearance in certain contextual patterns which have conventionalized the
epistemic value. Taking de fijo que, de fijo, and a
punto fijo/fixo as our reference, the corpus study reveals that
the variants of fijo code both the speaker’s epistemic
commitment and evidential contents, even though each one of them
conceptualizes the scene from a different perspective.
Identification and functional characterization of Penicillium marneffei major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporters
Authors: Utami Setyowati T , Indriani Carissa I , Bowolaksono Anom , Yaguchi Takashi , Chen Xinyue , Niimi Kyoko , Niimi Masakazu , Kajiwara Susumu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Penicillium marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungus that causes penicilliosis, and become the third-most-common opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients in Southeast Asia. Azoles and amphotericin B have been introduced for the treatment, however, it is important to investigate possible mechanisms of azole resistance for future treatment failure. We identified 177 putative MFS transporters and classified into 17 subfamilies. Among those, members of the Drug:H+ antiporter 1 subfamily are known to confer resistance to antifungals. Out of 39 paralogs, three (encoded by PmMDR1, PmMDR2, and PmMDR3) were heterologously overexpressed in S. cerevisiae AD∆ conferred resistance to various drugs and compounds including azoles, albeit to different degrees. PmMDR1-expressing strain showed resistance to the broadest range of drugs, followed by the PmMDR3, and PmMDR2 conferred weak resistance to a limited range of drugs. We conclude that PmMDR1 and PmMDR3, may be able to serve as multidrug efflux pumps.
Polymer compaction and bridging-induced clustering of protein-inspired patchy particles
Authors: Brackley C A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
There are many proteins or protein complexes which have multiple DNA binding domains. This allows them to bind to multiple points on a DNA molecule (or chromatin fibre) at the same time. There are also many proteins which have been found to be able to compact DNA in vitro, and many others have been observed in foci or puncta when fluorescently labelled and imaged in vivo. In this work we study, using coarse-grained Langevin dynamics simulations, the compaction of polymers by simple model proteins and a phenomenon known as the ‘bridging-induced attraction’. The latter is a mechanism observed in previous simulations [Brackley et al 2013 Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA
110 E3605], where proteins modelled as spheres form clusters via their multivalent interactions with a polymer, even in the absence of any explicit protein–protein attractive interactions. Here we extend this concept to consider more detailed model proteins, represented as simple ‘patchy particles’ interacting with a semi-flexible bead-and-spring polymer. We find that both the compacting ability and the effect of the bridging-induced attraction depend on the valence of the model proteins. These effects also depend on the shape of the protein, which determines its ability to form bridges.