bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Wälder der Antarktis
Authors: Zacher Katharina , Bischof Kai , Wiencke Christian 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie Antarktis ist ein Kontinent der Extreme, der den dort lebenden Organismen einiges an Anpassungen abfordert. Antarktische Makroalgen, als wichtiger Bestandteil der Küstenökosysteme des Südpolarmeers, haben ihren Metabolismus an dauerhafte Kälte und lange Dunkelperioden adaptiert. Durch die lange Kaltwasserhistorie und die Abgeschiedenheit des Kontinents entwickelten sich in der Antarktis besonders viele endemische Arten. Makroalgen sind wichtige Primärproduzenten in der Antarktis und dienen vielen Organismen als Nahrung. Ihre genauere Erforschung begann relativ spät und ist noch lange nicht abgeschlossen. Der Klimawandel ist auch in der Antarktis zu spüren und birgt Gefahren für das empfindliche Ökosystem. Die erhöhte UV‐Strahlung kann z. B. zu Veränderungen der Tiefenzonierung sowie Temperaturerhöhungen zu Veränderungen der geographischen Verbreitung einzelner Makroalgenarten führen.
LncRNA NEAT1 knockdown attenuates autophagy to elevate 5‐FU sensitivity in colorectal cancer via targeting miR‐34a
Authors: Liu Fen , Ai Fei‐Yan , Zhang De‐Cai , Tian Li , Yang Zhen‐Yun , Liu Shao‐Jun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundsColorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common malignant tumor. Increasing evidences indicated that CRC showed a resistance to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and further resulted in a poor prognosis. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (LncRNA NEAT1) on cell viability, sensitivity to 5‐FU, and autophagy of CRC cell lines.MethodsMTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐Htetrazolium bromide) was used to detect cell viability, immunofluorescent staining was used to detect autophagy puncta, and luciferase reporter system was used to determine binding ability between miR‐34a and NEAT1 or putative targets. Additionally, indicated mRNAs and protein expressions were determined by qRT‐PCR or western blotting, respectively.ResultsWe found that NEAT1 expression was increased in CRC tissues and cells, which showed a negative correlation with miR‐34a expression. In addition, NEAT1 knockdown noticeably inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells and enhanced 5‐FU sensitivity. It revealed that NEAT1 knockdown suppressed the LC3 puncta and the expressions of Beclin‐1, ULK1, and ratio of LC3II/I. Overexpression of miR‐34a showed similar trends with NEAT1 knockdown. miR‐34a was validated to target the putative binding sites in 3′‐UTR of HMGB1, ATG9A, and ATG4B, which are involved in the activation of autophagy. Inhibition of miR‐34a or overexpression of HMGB1 could effectively reverse elevated 5‐FU sensitivity upon NEAT1 knockdown. In addition, 3‐MA reversed NEAT1 overexpression‐induced resistance in HT29 cells.ConclusionThese findings indicate that LncRNA NEAT1 could target miR‐34a and promote autophagy to facilitate 5‐FU chemoresistance in CRC.
Failure to launch: Obstacles to developing a graduate executive leadership degree in a competency‐based education format
Authors: Takamine Kurt 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCompetency‐based education (CBE) is an approach that evaluates the mastery of learning from a performance basis, rather than aseat‐timebasis. A CBE learner can capitalize on his or her experience from educational settings, work environments, or avocational background to demonstrate proficiency through prescribed academic and industrial outcomes. Utilizing a case study approach, this paper explores the obstacles to implement a graduate executive leadership CBE program at a faith‐based, adult‐learner institution in California. Budget implications, psychometric structures, assessment protocols, and competency identification are evaluated and described. In particular, this disruptive innovation highlights the topics of senior‐level support, infrastructural investment, and faculty and staff involvement.
Effectiveness of high flow‐volume intermittent hemodiafiltration during and after intervention to prevent contrast‐induced nephropathy in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: A pilot study
Authors: Oyamada Naofumi , Hamanaka Ichiro , Fujioka Ayumu , Iwasaku Toshihiro , Minami Takeya , Fujie Hiroaki , Ueda Kinzo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe analyzed the effect of high flow‐volume intermittent hemodiafiltration (HF‐IHDF) on patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing procedures requiring administration of contrast medium.BackgroundThere is no effective method for preventing contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN), especially in patients with advanced CKD. We established HF‐IHDF as a renal protective therapy with a filtration flow rate up to 5 times greater than standard continuous HDF. In this study, we tested whether HF‐IHDF could prevent CIN in patients with advanced CKD more effectively than saline hydration only.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the incidence of CIN and clinical outcomes up to 1 year after performance of a procedure in 76 patients with advanced CKD. HF‐IHDF was performed from just before the procedure until 2.5 hr after it. Hydration with 0.9% saline was also administered.ResultsThe incidence of CIN was significantly lower in the HF‐IHDF group than the saline group 2–3 days (0%, 0/76 patients vs. 9.3%, 5/54 patients; p < .05) and 1 month (3.9%, 3/76 patients vs. 14.8%, 8/54 patients; p < .05) after intervention. No difference between the two groups was detected in the proportion of patients requiring permanent hemodialysis within 1 year after intervention or the 1 year mortality rate. However, the number of patients free from progression of renal dysfunction after 1 year of follow‐up was significantly higher in the HF‐IHDF group (86.8%, 66/76 patients vs. 64.8%, 35/54 patients; p < .01).ConclusionsHF‐IHDF during and after interventional procedure requiring administration of contrast medium may prevent CIN in patients with advanced CKD.
Numerical analysis of chemical reaction processes in different anode attachments of a high‐intensity argon arc
Authors: Sun Su‐Rong , Wang Hai‐Xing , Zhu Tao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe attachment mode of arc on anode is closely related to the non‐equilibrium chemical kinetics process of the anode region of arc. In this paper, the detailed chemical reaction mechanisms in the flow‐affected region for both diffuse and constricted argon arc attachments are investigated by means of one‐dimensional discharge coupled with a single‐fluid, two‐temperature model. The collisional‐radiative model is used to examine the chemical reaction processes occurring in the anode region, including the arc centreline and fringe region. The numerical results are validated by comparison with available experimental data. The obtained radial distributions of electron temperature, electron density, excited states densities, ionization, and recombination processes reveal that different mechanisms dominate the diffuse and constricted arc‐anode attachments.
The chameleon of cardiology: cardiac sarcoidosis before and after heart transplantation
Authors: Sedaghat‐Hamedani Farbod , Kayvanpour Elham , Hamed Sonja , Frankenstein Lutz , Riffel Johannes , Gi Weng‐Tein , Amr Ali , Shirvani Samani Omid , Haas Jan , Miersch Tobias , Herpel Esther , Kreusser Michael M. , Ehlermann Philipp , Katus Hugo A. , Meder Benjamin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCardiac sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with a large spectrum of symptoms that can mimic diseases such as dilated, hypertrophic, or arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies. It can be asymptomatic but can also present with ventricular arrhythmias, conduction disease, and heart failure (HF) or even sudden cardiac death (SCD). We present here the case of a patient transplanted due to end‐stage arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), fulfilling the task force criteria. A few years after successful heart transplantation (HTX), the patient developed similar symptoms and morphofunctional changes of the heart, which led to critical re‐evaluation of his primary diagnosis.
Modulation of the humoral immune response by constitutively active STAT6 expression in murine B cells
Authors: Haase Paul , Mokada‐Gopal Lavanya , Radtke Daniel , Voehringer David 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe transcription factor STAT6 regulates gene expression in response to IL‐4 and IL‐13. To further investigate how activated STAT6 modulates B cells development and function in vivo, we characterized mice that express a constitutively active version specifically in B cells. CD19Cre_STAT6vt mice show spontaneous phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT6 in B cells. About 80 genes were more than twofold up‐ or downregulated in splenic B cells from CD19Cre_STAT6vt as compared to control mice. B cell development, tissue localization, and populations of follicular and marginal zone B cells, B1 B cells, GC B cells, and plasma cells (PCs) appeared to be normal. However, the number of IgE+ and IgG1+ GC B cells and PCs as well as serum IgE and IgG1 levels were increased in CD19Cre_STAT6vt mice. Infection with Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus associated with high levels of TNF and IFN‐γ did not prevent the development of a significantly increased IgE and IgG1 response against the virus in CD19Cre_STAT6vt mice. These results suggest that prolonged STAT6 activation during chronic allergic inflammation may result in IgE responses during subsequent viral or bacterial infection that could further stimulate mast cell activation even in the absence of the initial allergic response.
A New Chemometric Strategy in Electrochemical Method Optimization for the Quantification of Cefdinir in Tablets, Effervescent Tablets and Suspension Samples
Authors: Dinç Erdal , Dermiş Saadet , Can Akcasoy Seda , Ceren Ertekin Zehra 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA new voltammetric method, based on the use of single‐use pencil graphite electrode, was developed for the quantitative determination of cefdinir by square wave voltammetry. Chemometric optimization strategy was used to select the suitable values for three experimental parameters (pH of the supporting electrolyte, frequency and square wave amplitude) by applying a 33 full factorial design model. The optimal voltammetric conditions were found to be pH 5.0 for supporting electrolyte (Britton‐Robinson buffer), 43 mV for square wave amplitude and 108 Hz for frequency. Square wave voltammograms of calibration, validation and unknown samples were recorded between 0.0–1400 mV under the optimized voltammetric conditions. Linear regression equation was computed in the linear working range of 0.5–20 μg/mL by using the relationship between the concentration and peak current at 600 mV. The optimized voltammetric method was validated by assessing the analysis results of validation samples. Then the proposed method was applied for the quantitative determination of cefdinir in three different pharmaceutical preparations, namely film‐coated tablets, effervescent tablets and powder for oral suspension. It was concluded that the proposed voltammetric method was suitable for the quantitative analysis of commercial pharmaceutical preparations containing cefdinir.
New approaches to determine the interface height of fire smoke based on a three‐layer zone model and its verification in large confined space
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liu Zhiyang , Lin Yifan , Fu Ming , Chen Yue 
Published: December 2019

SummaryLarge confined space has high incidence of fires, which seriously threatens the safety of people working there. Understanding the distribution of smoke in such large space is critical to fire development prediction and smoke control. Three improved methods for the stratification interface prediction of fire smoke are developed, including of improved intra‐variance, integral ratio and N‐percentage methods. In these methods, the interface height is determined by the vertical temperature distribution based on a three‐layer smoke zone model, which is an improvement of a two‐layer zone model. Thereafter, the three improved methods are applied to several typical fire cases simulated CFD to predict the smoke interface, and their applicability and reliability are verified by comparison of the smoke stratification results with the filed simulation results. Results show that the three improved methods can effectively determine the location of the three‐layer zone model's interface, and they have the ability to predict smoke interface for fires with different fire source types and ventilation conditions.
Characterizing complex flows using adaptive sparse dynamic mode decomposition with error approximation
Authors: Lai Xuefang , Wang Xiaolong , Nie Yufeng , Li Qian 
Published: December 2019

SummaryDynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is a powerful data‐driven method for analyzing the coherent structures of dynamical systems. This work develops an adaptive sparse DMD with error approximation for the sparse reconstruction of complex flow fields. First, we propose a new sparse DMD model by redefining the penalty function, where adaptive weights are assigned to penalize different DMD modes. With the adaptive weights, the sparse DMD model is more capable of extracting important DMD modes and discarding unimportant ones. Second, we develop a novel error prediction model for the proposed sparse DMD. The key idea is to construct a multiple regression model between the sparse model and its error by employing the partial least squares regression. The error of the sparse DMD model can be reduced by integrating the error prediction model. Finally, we assess the proposed method by means of test cases, including a nonlinear parameterized function, a cylinder bundle flow, and the transient state of square cylinder flow. The results show that the proposed method can be used to capture the dominant modes and substantially increase the accuracy of flow reconstruction.
Investigating the effect of chitosan, nanopackaging, and modified atmosphere packaging on physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of button mushroom during storage
Authors: Gholami Rashid , Ahmadi Ebrahim , Ahmadi Shervin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of chitosan coating, nanopackaging, and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) to increase the shelf life and improve the quality of the white button mushroom. Uncoated and coated button mushrooms were stacked in three types of packages (normal, nano, and nano + MAP). The atmosphere inside the nano + MAP packages contained 10% oxygen and 10% carbon dioxide. The physical, chemical, mechanical properties and the evolution of oxygen and carbon dioxide inside the packages were investigated. The results showed that the triple interaction had significant effect (at 1% and 5% levels) on physical, mechanical properties and gas composition. The use of nanofilm (due to the low permeability to oxygen and carbon dioxide), as well as the modification of atmosphere had a positive effect on the control of mushroom respiration rate and the improvement in its physical, chemical, and mechanical properties.
Evaluation of Graphene Nanoplatelets as a Microporous Layer Material for PEMFC: Performance and Durability Analysis
Authors: Mariani M. , Latorrata S. , Gallo Stampino P. , Dotelli G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, the effect of different carbonaceous phases in microporous layers (MPLs) for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is reported. A conventional ink with carbon black (CB) powder and an innovative one featuring graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) have been produced and used to coat carbon cloth gas diffusion layers (GDLs). Morphological and electrical properties of these samples have been assessed and then compared to determine which characteristics contribute to a possible enhancement of the fuel cell performance. Static contact angle measurements have revealed a similar hydrophobic character for both samples. Through‐plane water permeability and porosity of the samples have been correlated to the optimal working temperature: GNPs‐based MPLs provide the best performance in dry condition (T = 80 °C, RH = 60%), while CB‐based samples work better in more humid conditions. Instead, the electrical conductivity of the samples have not displayed a strong influence on the polarization curve of the cell. In addition, an ex situ mechanical accelerated stress test (AST) has been performed on both samples to assess their durability and understand which factors could lengthen their lifetime. GNPs‐based samples resisted better under the harsh conditions imposed during the AST and a possible optimization of this ink composition is proposed for future development.
DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES TO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE LOWER KUBAN TO ENSURE WATER USER REQUIREMENTS IN LOW‐WATER YEARS†
Authors: Buber A.L. , Bondarik I.G. , Buber A.A. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe Lower Kuban River Basin experiences an acute shortage of water resources during the growing season. Every third year is a low‐water period. The complex layout of rice irrigation systems requires reliable forecasting and skilful management. This article presents the results and methodology for determining the optimal operational modes of the Lower Kuban irrigation and drainage systems based on multi‐criteria analyses and trade‐off theory that ensure the reliable functioning of the water resource system taking into account contradictory requirements of water users and restrictions aimed at preserving the Kuban River Basin ecosystem.The methodology is based on multi‐criteria analysis and hydrodynamic modelling with the application of the ‘operating structures' module, which, according to a given hierarchy of priorities, allows the water users to fulfil the requirements for discharges and water levels during the determined time period at water intake sites and outlets within the river network. The developed computational technology allows a reasonable compromise to be reached in the process of negotiations between water users and water basin authorities. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of human immunodeficiency virus medication errors in a community hospital following the implementation of a pharmacist‐led antiretroviral stewardship program
Authors: Bunn Haden T. , Hester E. Kelly , Maldonado Ricardo A. , Childress Darrell 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionCombination antiretroviral therapy has greatly improved survivability in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH); however, medication‐related problems can attenuate virologic suppression and lead to therapeutic failure and drug resistance. The prevalence of antiretroviral (ARV) medication errors in hospitalized PLWH is highly variable, but it is clear that the potential for errors increases with the transition to inpatient care. Pharmacist‐led ARV stewardship programs in large, academic institutions have demonstrated reductions in ARV errors during hospitalizations, but the feasibility of such programs in smaller, community hospitals in the Deep South remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective quasi‐experimental study of non‐pregnant, adult PLWH admitted to a community hospital between 2014 and 2018. The primary objective was to compare the percentage of admissions associated with a composite of ARV medication errors (inappropriate regimens, inaccurate dosing, delayed dosing, and major drug‐drug interactions [DDIs]) before and after implementation of an ARV stewardship program.ResultsThe percentage of admissions associated with the primary composite of ARV medication errors decreased by 70% between the pre‐intervention (56 [70%] of 80 admissions) and post‐intervention period (13 [21.3%] of 61 admissions). The percentage of admissions associated with inappropriate ART regimens, major DDIs, and multiple ARV errors all decreased by more than 80%. There was no significant difference in the percentage of admissions associated with renal, non‐renal, or delayed dosing errors despite an overall decrease in error frequency.DiscussionA significant reduction in ARV medication error rates comparable to those reported in similar studies conducted at large, academic institutions was observed. The impact of this innovative pharmacist‐led ARV stewardship program provides additional evidence of the effectiveness of such programs in community hospitals with modest personnel resources.
Enhanced titanium dioxide photocatalyst embolized on micropores silicon wafer: an experimental approach
Authors: Basheer Esmail AM , Abdulbari Hayder A , Mahmood Wafaa K 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe wide bandgap and low activity under visible light of titanium dioxide (TiO2) have limited its use in many industrial processes. This limitation is associated with the inadequate solar spectrum that activates its surface, where most of the photoexcited electron–hole pairs recombine thus, leading to a drop in the photocatalytic performance. Immobilization of TiO2 on the surface of other materials such as silicon is a suitable approach to overcome these drawbacks. However, the known immobilization methods require either high‐temperature or high‐pressure conditions. The objective of the present work is to introduce and evaluate a low power‐consumption electrodeposition method for creating a new photocatalyst that can act in visible light using electrochemical anodization for immobilizing the TiO2 on a silicon wafer surface. Two methods were utilized for immobilization which is electrodeposition and sol–gel. The prepared photocatalyst surface and composition were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).RESULTSThe laser‐aided electrodeposition method created a unique porous silicon surface after the itching process, where the TiO2 was successfully immobilized on the silicon surface. The resulting SEM images confirmed the formation of three‐dimensional (3D)‐like structures on the silicon surface that resulted in a higher light absorption efficiency. The methylene blue degradation rate was higher by 60% using the 3D structured surface when compared with that prepared by the sol–gel method.CONCLUSIONUnique microstructures were created on the silicon surface by the laser‐aided electrodeposition method that enables photocatalysis in visible light. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry