bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Algorithms for Revealing Freight Vehicle Tours, Tour-Types, and Tour-Chain-Types from GPS Vehicle Traces and Stop Activity Data
Authors: Romano Alho André , Sakai Takanori , Chua Ming Hong , Jeong Kyungsoo , Jing Peiyu , Ben-Akiva Moshe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Freight vehicle tours and tour-chains are essential elements of state-the-art agent-based urban freight simulations as well as key units to analyse freight vehicle demand. GPS traces are typically used to extract vehicle tours and tour-chains and became available in a large scale to, for example, fleet management firms. While methods to process this data with the objective of analysing and modelling tour-based freight vehicle operations have been proposed, they were not fully explored with regard to the implication of underlying assumptions. In this context, we test different algorithms of stop-to-tour assignment, tour-type and tour-chain identification, aiming to expose their implications. Specifically, we compare the traditional stop-to-tour assignment algorithm using the location of a “base” as the start/end point of tours, against other algorithms using stop activities or payload capacity usage. Furthermore, we explore high-resolution tour-type/chain identification algorithms, considering stop types and recurrence of visits. For tour-chain identification, we explore two algorithms: one defines the day-level tour-chain-type based on the predominant tour-type identified for the period of 1 day and another defines the tour-chain-type based on the average number of stops per tour by stop type. For a demonstration purpose, we apply the methods to data from a large-scale GPS-based survey conducted during 2017–2019 in Singapore. We compare the algorithms in an assessment of freight vehicle operations day-to-day pattern homogeneity. Our analysis demonstrates that the predictions of tours, tourtypes, and tour-chain-types are highly dependent on the assumptions used, underlining the importance of carefully selecting and disclosing the methods for data processing. Finally, the exploration of day-to-day pattern homogeneity reveals operational differences across vehicle types and industries.
Good news regarding SSRI safety in Danish meta-analysis
Authors: Hieronymus Fredrik , Lisinski Alexander , Näslund Jakob , Eriksson Elias 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn two previous letters on an selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) meta-analysis conducted by the Copenhagen Trial Unit at Copenhagen University Hospital, we have commented on a large number of errors, almost all of which have tilted the results in an anti-drug direction, that unfortunately mar this publication. While the authors have acknowledged many of these mishaps, and may now be expected to submit an extensive errata list to the journal where their paper was once published, we regretfully note that also their latest contribution to this exchange is surprisingly inaccurate. However, its many shortcomings notwithstanding, their meta-analysis does add to the current literature by confirming that SSRIs do not seem to enhance the risk for suicide or death, and also that these drugs seem to enhance the risk of side effects categorised as serious only in the elderly.
Varves and mass-movement deposits record distinctly different sedimentation dynamics since the late glacial (Lake Szurpiły, northeastern Poland)
Authors: Kinder Małgorzata , Tylmann Wojciech , Rzeszewski Michał , Zolitschka Bernd 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe sedimentological and geochemical characteristics of sediments from Lake Szurpiły (northeastern Poland) can be used as a record of mass movement and climate dynamics since the Allerød. Late-glacial sediments suggest enhanced runoff conditions in the catchment after the retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet, while Holocene varved sediments are interrupted by mass-movement deposits (MMDs). We identified 85 thin (<10 cm) MMDs (type 1) that consist of autochthonous material and frequently occur during the Atlantic period. Mobilization of littoral zone and slope sediments caused redeposition in the deepest part of the lake and was likely related to climatic conditions. In contrasting, one sedimentary unit (>1-m-thick MMD type 2) consists of auto- and allochthonous material and represents multistage processes, including erosion and deformation of underlying varved sediments, rapid deposition of clastic material, and redeposition of previously eroded varved sediments. Seismic activity or permafrost degradation was responsible for the deposition of MMD type 2. Furthermore, varve-thickness variability suggests Gleissberg and Suess solar cycles before 850 BC, when human impact was limited. Additionally, 22 and 11 yr sunspot cycles are recognized in light/dark laminae-thickness ratios and reflect influences of solar irradiance on lacustrine productivity.
Comparison of epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics of bloodstream infection in children with solid tumours and haematological malignancies
Authors: Garrido M. M. , Garrido R. Q. , Cunha T. N. , Ehrlich S. , Martins I. S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a serious complication in immunocompromised hosts. This study compares epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics of BSI among children with haematological malignancies (HM) and solid tumours (ST). The study was conducted from October 2012 through to November 2015 at a referral hospital for cancer care and included the first BSI episode detected in 210 patients aged 18 years or less. BSI cases were prospectively detected by daily laboratory-based surveillance. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions for primary or secondary BSI were used. A higher proportion of use of corticosteroids (P = 0.02), chemotherapy (P = 0.01) and antibiotics (P = 0.05) before the BSI diagnosis; as well as of neutropenia (P < 0.001) and mucositis (P < 0.001) at the time of BSI diagnosis was observed in patients with HM than with ST. Previous surgical procedures (P = 0.03), mechanical ventilation (P = 0.01) and bed confinement (P < 0.001) were more frequent among children with ST. The frequency of use of temporary (P = 0.01) and implanted vascular lines (P < 0.01) was significantly higher in children with ST than with HM while the tunnelled line (P = 0.01) use was more frequent in children with HM as compared to ST. Most (n = 181) BSI cases were primary BSI. BSI associated with a tunnelled catheter was more frequent in children with HM (P < 0.01), whereas BSI associated with an implanted (P < 0.01) or temporary central line (P < 0.02) was more common in patients with ST. BSI associated with mucosal barrier injury was more frequent (P = 0.01) in children with HM. Indication for intensive care was more frequent in children (P = 0.05) with ST. Mortality ratio was similar in children with ST and HM, and length of hospital stay after BSI was higher in patients with HM than with ST (median of 19 vs. 13 days; P = 0.02). Infection caused by Gram-negative bacteria (P = 0.04) and polymicrobial infections (P = 0.05) due to Gram-positive cocci plus fungus was more common in patients with HM. These findings suggest that the characteristics of BSI acquisition and mortality can be cancer-specific.
Intakes of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients of a population in severe food insecurity risk in Brazil
Authors: Kubo Stefanie Eugênia dos Anjos Coelho , da Costa Teresa Helena Macedo , Gubert Muriel Bauermann 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjective:To analyse usual intakes of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients, and their percentage of inadequacy, in a Brazilian population at severe food insecurity (SFI) risk, determined from a predictive model using two national databases.Design:Cross-sectional study. Our study used a statistical model to predict SFI using the 2009 National Sample Household Survey, where the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale measured SFI.Setting:Brazil.Participants:The model was applied in a probabilistic sample of 34 003 Brazilians aged 10 years or older that participated in a national dietary survey during 2008–2009. The application of the model generated the probability of each individual being in SFI. The probability of SFI was grouped into quartiles (first quartile with the lowest SFI risk, fourth quartile with highest probability of SFI risk).Results:The intakes of macro- and micronutrients were associated with SFI. The amount of energy and nutrients in the diet tended to be lower among individuals in the fourth quartile, with highest probability of SFI. The average intake of all studied minerals (Ca, Fe, Na, Mg) was less in individuals in the fourth quartile. Only Na presented a higher percentage of inadequacy in the first quartile, the one with a lower chance of SFI.Conclusions:The food intake of the Brazilian population at higher SFI risk is characterized by energy reduction, reduced consumption of macronutrients and high prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intakes, as well as a lower mean intakes, when compared with the first quartile with the lowest SFI risk.
Aetiology and outcome of acute diarrhoea in children with severe acute malnutrition: a comparative study
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Shah Dheeraj , Das Shukla , Saha Rumpa , Gupta Piyush 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjective:To compare the microbiological profile, clinical course and outcome of acute diarrhoea in children aged <5 years having severe acute malnutrition (SAM) with those of children having normal nutritional status.Design:Cross-sectional comparative study.Setting:Tertiary-care hospital catering mainly to the urban poor of East Delhi, India.Participants:Children aged <5 years (n140; seventy with SAM (cases) and seventy with normal anthropometry (controls)) with acute diarrhoea (duration < 14 d). Stool samples were collected for conventional culture, microscopy, acid-fast staining, rotavirus andCryptosporidiumantigen detection, and subtyping of diarrhoeagenicEscherichia coli(DEC). We followed-up these children for persistent diarrhoea and subsequent diarrhoeal episode in the next 3 months.Results:Rotavirus was detected in six (9 %) cases and in fifteen (21 %) controls (P= 0·03; OR = 0·34; 95 % CI 0·12, 0·94). DEC was isolated significantly more in cases compared with controls (93v. 64 %;P< 0·001; OR = 7·25; 95 % CI 2·57, 20·4).Cryptosporidiumwas detected in seven (10 %) cases and five (7 %) controls. Total duration of diarrhoea and percentage change in weight after resolution of diarrhoea were comparable between cases and controls. At 3-month follow-up, number of subsequent episodes of diarrhoea and persistent diarrhoea were comparable between the two groups.Conclusions:Rotavirus was found significantly less frequently, whereas DEC was detected more frequently in children with SAM in comparison to non-malnourished children. To further reduce diarrhoea-related mortality, preventive and therapeutic interventions need to be designed against organisms causing diarrhoea in children with SAM.
Set-up variation in palliative radiotherapy: one versus three skin localisation marks
Authors: Cvetkova Jelizaveta , Craig Agnella , O’Donovan Theresa , Mullaney Laura 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground:Accuracy and reproducibility of the patient’s position is crucial for successful delivery of radiotherapy (RT). Data on palliative patients’ set-up uncertainties are sparse. The aim of this study was to calculate set-up errors observed for palliative patients positioned using one skin mark (Group 1) versus three skin marks (Group 2) and to assess the accuracy of both approaches.Methods:Displacements in the left–right (L–R) and superior–inferior (S–I) directions were retrospectively analysed for 175 sites treated with a course of fractionated palliative RT. Population mean, systematic and random errors were calculated in both directions for patients positioned with one and three skin marks. Frequency of deviations was also examined for both groups.Results:The population mean, systematic and random errors for Group 1 and 2 for the L–R direction were 0·0, 4·4, 4·8 and 0·4, 3·1 and 3·3 mm, respectively, and in the S–I direction: 0·1, 3·4, 4·2 and 1·2, 2·7 and 3·3 mm, respectively. Frequency of images within the clinical tolerance of 5 mm was 47·1% for Group 1 and 65·9% for Group 2.Conclusion:Three skin marks are recommended for patients receiving a fractionated course of palliative RT, as it reduces set-up error, reduces the number of gross displacements (>10 mm) and increases the number of displacements within the clinically acceptable tolerance of 5 mm.
GEOMETRY OF KOTTWITZ–VIEHMANN VARIETIES
Authors: Chi Jingren 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe study basic geometric properties of Kottwitz–Viehmann varieties, which are certain generalizations of affine Springer fibers that encode orbital integrals of spherical Hecke functions. Based on the previous work of A. Bouthier and the author, we show that these varieties are equidimensional and give a precise formula for their dimension. Also we give a conjectural description of their number of irreducible components in terms of certain weight multiplicities of the Langlands dual group and we prove the conjecture in the case of unramified conjugacy class.
Multidisciplinary staff perspectives on the integration of spiritual care in a new setting: Israel
Authors: Schultz Michael , Czamanski-Cohen Johanna , Bentur Netta , Mohsen-Byadsi Saidah , Artsieli Yoav , Bar-Sela Gil 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveIntegrating spiritual care into multidisciplinary care teams has seen both successful thoughtful collaboration and challenges, including feelings of competition and poor cross-disciplinary understanding. In Israel, where the profession is new, we aimed to examine how spiritual care is perceived by other healthcare professionals learning to integrate spiritual caregivers into their teams.MethodSemi-structured qualitative interviews of 19 professionals (seven physicians, six nurses, three social workers, two psychologists, and one medical secretary) working with spiritual caregivers in three Israeli hospitals, primarily in oncology/hematology. The interviews were transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsRespondents’ overall experience with adding a spiritual caregiver was strongly positive. Beneficial outcomes described included calmer patients and improved patient–staff relationships. Respondents identified reasons for a referral not limited to the end of life. Respondents distinguished between the role of the spiritual caregiver and those of other professions and, in response to case studies, differentiated when and how each professional should be involved.ConclusionDespite its relative newness in Israel, spiritual care is well received by a wide variety of professionals at those sites where it has been integrated. Steps to improve collaboration should include improving multidisciplinary communication to broaden the range of situations in which spiritual caregivers and other professionals work together to provide the best possible holistic care.
Scattering of the H-polarized plane wave by finite and semi-infinite multilayer systems of infinite graphene strip gratings in the THz range
Authors: Kaliberda Mstislav E. , Lytvynenko Leonid M. , Pogarsky Sergey A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe consider the scattering and absorption of the H-polarized plane wave by finite and semi-infinite systems of layers in the THz range. Every layer consists of an infinite graphene strip grating embedded into a dielectric slab. The solution of the problem we obtain in several steps. First, with the use of the method of singular integral equations we obtain scattering matrices of a single layer. Then, we present equations for the finite and semi-infinite systems of layers relatively the Fourier amplitudes of the scattered field. The frequency dependences of the reflection, transmission, and absorption coefficients demonstrate the variety of resonances: plasmon, slab-mode, grating-mode resonances, and resonances of the multilayer structure.
Building the foundation for comprehensive suicide prevention – based on intention and planning in a social–ecological context
Authors: Caine Eric D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
National suicide prevention programmes that have been successful in reducing rates or keeping them low have been intentional, with collective alignment of local, regional and national priorities. Prevention efforts must begin well before individuals become suicidal, complementing readily available clinical services that address the needs of acutely distressed persons. These efforts, which focus on the antecedent risks and vulnerabilities of key populations, have the potential to diminish premature mortality from multiple causes, even as reducing suicide is the outcome of primary interest. In this commentary, I consider four key challenges that must be confronted in order to develop effective, broadly reaching systemic strategies that, at once, can be adapted locally while being implemented nationally – challenges that are framed in a social–ecological context. They involve defining the scope of the problem, meeting essential data needs, developing and modelling measurable implementation strategies and building prevention efforts based on shared culture and values.
GOES‐16/ABI Thermal Emissive Band Assessments Using GEO‐LEO‐GEO Double Difference
Authors: Chang Tiejun , Xiong Xiaoxiong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGeostationary satellite (GOES)‐16/Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) and Himawari‐8/Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) represent a significant improvement over the imagers on board previous GOES. Their bands 7–16 are infrared channels covering the 3.9‐ to 13.3‐μm spectral range and with a subpoint spatial resolution of 2 km. Their spectral coverage of the thermal emissive bands (TEBs) is almost identical, and both instruments employ similar calibration strategies using an on‐board blackbody and a space look. The intercomparison between the two instruments will be very helpful for their calibration assessments and their product quality enhancements. GOES‐16 was launched on 19 November 2016, initially to a test position at 89.5° west and reached its operational position (longitude of 75.2° west) on 11 December 2017. The Himawari‐8 spacecraft was launched on 7 October 2014 and the observation focuses on Asia‐Pacific region. In this work, an intercomparison of their TEB measurement is performed using double difference with Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The same type of scenes are selected for the two instruments, and their measurements with the closest observation times are compared with Aqua MODIS matching bands. The view angle effect is corrected and their spectral mismatching effect is estimated. The dependence on the scene uniformity is analyzed. The ABI‐AHI differences are within 0.3K for bands 10 (7.35 μm), 11 (8.44 μm), 12 (9.64 μm), and 14 (11.24 μm), and up to 0.8K difference for bands 15 (12.38 μm) and 16 (13.28 μm). The ABI precision is better than AHI for all TEB and their image navigation and registration precisions are comparable. In general, the ABI performances before and after relocation are consistent.
Protracted Multipulse Emplacement of a Postresurgent Pluton: The Case of Platoro Caldera Complex (Southern Rocky Mountain Volcanic Field, Colorado)
Authors: Tomek F. , Gilmer A .K. , Petronis M. S. , Lipman P. W. , Foucher M. S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany eroded calderas expose associated postcollapse plutons, but detailed fieldwork‐supported studies have rarely focused on the internal structure that can contribute to understanding of emplacement dynamics. The Alamosa River monzonite pluton is a postcollapse intrusion at the Platoro caldera complex that erupted six large ignimbrites between 30.2 and 28.8 Ma in the Southern Rocky Mountains volcanic field. Magnetic fabrics in this intrusion indicate the pulsed emplacement of a vertically extensive pluton. The magmatic pulses are documented by three concentric domains of magnetic foliations elongated in ~NE‐SW direction, corresponding to structural trends at the Platoro caldera complex and preexisting regional structures. As no evidence for deformation of wall rocks and the adjacent resurgent block has been identified, we interpret the Alamosa River pluton as a postresurgent intrusion. The space‐opening process involved magmatic stoping and small‐scale magma wedging. New SHRIMP‐RG U/Pb zircon dates (28.98 ± 0.18, 27.42 ± 0.35, and 27.32 ± 0.38 Ma) suggest a magmatic lifespan of ~1.7 My for the Alamosa River pluton. Our results indicate that postcaldera magmatism includes pulsed and protracted activity from large intracaldera resurgent plutons to smaller postresurgent stocks and sheeted complexes. As demonstrated by the Alamosa River pluton, some intrusions are emplaced shortly after collapse and resurgence, but postcaldera volcano‐plutonic systems may remain active for several million years or more. We also suggest that subvolcanic magma bodies may be assembled incrementally and that the record of early composite magma lenses preserved as magma wedges are later obliterated by convective flowage and crystallization.
What Drives the Continental Crust To Be Extremely Hot So Quickly?
Authors: Huang Guangyu , Guo Jinghui , Jiao Shujuan , Palin Richard 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe widespread spatio‐temporal occurrence of ultrahigh‐temperature (UHT) metamorphism in continental crust has been widely documented, but the heat source responsible for generating these extreme conditions over a short period of time remains enigmatic. Here, garnet orthogneiss, spinel‐bearing granulite, and gabbronorite from the east Khondalite belt, China, have been analyzed via integrated geochemistry, U‐Pb zircon isotope geochronology, and phase equilibria modeling to shed light on the timing and nature of rapid UHT metamorphism in this area. Peak metamorphism is characterized in garnet orthogneiss by the assemblage garnet + orthopyroxene + plagioclase + K‐feldspar + quartz, which is calculated to represent pressure–temperature conditions of 0.83–0.88 GPa at 930–990 °C. Zircon ages from this sample yield an igneous (protolith) emplacement age of approximately 1.93–1.95 Ga, which matches the timing of metamorphism in adjacent (pre‐UHT) metapelites. These garnet orthogneiss were then metamorphosed to UHT conditions at approximately 1.92 Ga, coincident with emplacement of mantle‐derived gabbronorites, as supported by REE patterns in zircon, and evidence for a rapid thermal pulse in the east Khondalite belt lower crust at that time. Heat‐source and heat‐transfer calculations indicate that advected heat from mafic magmas is the most likely cause of this regional‐scale event, although ductile shearing might have contributed to a lesser degree.