bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and Pregnancy Outcome: An Experience in ‘COVID-19 Management Designated’ Tertiary Care Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Authors: Syed Shazia , Noreen Humera , Masood Humaira , Batool Ismat , Gul Hina , Naheed Nighat 
Published: August 2020

Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost 17.3 million victims worldwide with mortality of almost 674K. Pregnancy is one of the most susceptible conditions for COVID-19 infection, but limited data is currently available about the clinical characteristics of pregnant women with the disease. Objective; to describe the clinical characteristics, co-morbidities, management, feto-maternal, and neonatal outcome in COVID-19 positive pregnant women.
Methodology: A descriptive case series study was conducted in Obs/Gynae dept of Benazir Bhutto Tertiary Care Hospital, Rawalpindi, including all asymptomatic/symptomatic COVID-19 positive pregnant women and clinical suspects (COVID-19 PCR negative women) delivered in our hospital from 01st April 2020 to 31st July 2020. Their medical records were reviewed for clinical characteristics, management, feto-maternal and neonatal outcomes. Continuous variables were expressed in Mean & Range and Categorical variables as number & Percentage. Results: During the study period a total of 17 cases were reviewed. The mean maternal age was 28.94 yrs. Primigravida (07), Multipara (10). Mean gestational age was 37 wks (range; 30-41wks). Presenting symptomatology was varied. Asymptomatic; (29%), COVID-19 specific symptoms; fever & flu (12%), fever&cough (6%), shortness of breath(SOB) alone (6%), fever & SOB(6%) and pregnancy-related manifestations were labour pains (17%), eclampsia(6%), hydrocephalous fetus (6%) and hepatic encephalopathy(6%). The commonest co-morbidity was Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (24%). Five women (29%) required ICU care. Lower segment caesarean sections(LSCS) (59%), vaginal delivery (41%). Eleven babies delivered with good Apgar score and birth weight. Two were early neonatal deaths (ENND) and 04 were received intra-uterine fetal deaths (IUDs). Fetal demise was associated with strong obstetric risk factors. Out of 13 live-born babies, RT-PCR Covid-19 testing was done in 10 (77%) cases and was negative. One mother was expired due to complications of hepatic encephalopathy, sepsis, and burst abdomen.
Conclusion; The clinical course of COVID-19 disease in pregnancy seems to be no different from non-pregnant women. Clinical manifestations are diverse and infection contracted in the third trimester of pregnancy is associated with good feto-maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Early African Christianity–A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Ahaligah Aidan Kwame 
Published: August 2020

This article is devoted to a thematic analysis of early or ancient African Christianity and its influence on ecclesial practices and thinking in contemporary Africa. Drawing on literature in the history of the church in antiquity this paper re-tells the story of how Africa and Africans in the first millennium developed and shaped World Christianity. Specifically, it discusses the contributions made to the early Church by the African Fathers of the faith, Origen and Augustine. The paper contest sentiments and perceptions that Christianity is a “white mans” religion and to reclaim African Christianity’s identity as a global religious culture which has existed since antiquity. Moreover, it argues that a lot is lost, with its attendant misinterpretations, when Christianity in Africa is only viewed as a result of the fruits of the nineteenth-century missionary activities. The paper contributes to the study of African Church history, the contextualisation/inculturation of the gospel, and African theology.
Adiabatic Mass Loss in Binary Stars. III. From the Base of the Red Giant Branch to the Tip of the Asymptotic Giant Branch
Authors: Ge Hongwei , Webbink Ronald F , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The distinguishing feature of the evolution of close binary stars is the role played by the mass exchange between the component stars. Whether or not the mass transfer is dynamically stable is one of the essential questions in binary evolution. In the limit of extremely rapid mass transfer, the response of a donor star in an interacting binary becomes asymptotically one of adiabatic expansion. We use the adiabatic mass-loss model to systematically survey the thresholds for dynamical timescale mass transfer over the entire span of possible donor star evolutionary states. We also simulate mass-loss process with isentropic envelopes, the specific entropy of which is fixed to be that at the base of the convective envelope, to artificially mimic the effect of such mass loss in superadiabatic surface convection regions, where the adiabatic approximation fails. We illustrate the general adiabatic response of

donor stars at different evolutionary stages. We extend our study to a grid of donor stars with different masses (from 0.1 to 100 M
⊙ with Z = 0.02) and at different evolutionary stages. We proceed to present our criteria for dynamically unstable mass transfer in both tabular and graphical forms. For red giant branch (RGB) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) donors in systems with such mass ratios, they may have convective envelopes deep enough to evolve into common envelopes on a thermal timescale, if the donor star overfills its outer Lagrangian radius. Our results show that the RGB and AGB stars tend to be more stable than previously believed, and this may be helpful to explain the abundance of observed post-AGB binary stars with an orbital period of around 1000 days.
Developing a Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Nursing Education Toolkit
Authors: Luctkar-Flude Marian , Tyerman Jane , Ziegler Erin , Carroll Benjamin , Shortall Chris , Chumbley Lily , Tregunno Deborah 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Current education lacks lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex, and two-spirit (LGBTQI2S) content for health care providers (HCPs). Providing HCPs with understanding of LGBTQI2S health issues would reduce barriers. The Innovative Thinking to Support LGBTQI2S Health and Wellness trainee award supported the development of a website with virtual simulation games (VSGs) about providing culturally humble care to LGBTQI2S individuals to address this need.

Method:
An online educational toolbox was developed that included VSGs and resources. Development processes included a visioning meeting, development of learning objectives, and using a decision-point map for script writing. Bilingual VSGs were filmed, and the website was developed.

Results:
The Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Nursing Toolkit was created to advance cultural humility in practice. Learning modules focus on encounters using cultural humility to meet the unique needs of the LGBTQI2S community.

Conclusion:

Our innovative educational toolkit can be used to provide professional development of nurses and other HCPs to care for LGBTQI2S individuals.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(9):412–419.]
Transition to Practice Experiences of New Graduate Nurses From an Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing Program: Implications for Academic and Clinical Partners
Authors: Wiersma Gretchen , Pintz Christine , Fraser Wyche Karen 
Published: August 2020

Background:
This study explored the transition to practice experiences of new graduate nurses and the effects of their education on their readiness to practice.

Method:
This phenomenological study used two focus groups to gain an in-depth understanding of the lived experiences of these graduate nurses during their first year of practice, their perceptions of the effectiveness of their academic experience in preparing them for professional nursing practice, and clinical agency support.

Results:
Three themes emerged from the focus group analysis: Practice Readiness, Work-Related Environmental Influences, and Being a Nurse.

Conclusion:

This study provides insight into the key issues surrounding the transition process experienced by new nurses and suggests ways to educate and successfully transition them into professional practice. Information gained from this study provides a beginning evidence base for other educators in both the academic and clinical settings interested in supporting successful transition to practice for new graduate nurses.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(9):433–440.]
Augmenting Local Bone With Grafton Demineralized Bone Matrix for Posterolateral Lumbar Spine Fusion: Avoiding Second Site Autologous Bone Harvest
Authors: Sassard Walter R , Eidman Dan K , Gray Paul Milton , Block Jon E , Russo Richard , Russell James L , Taboada Elma M 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
Mineralization and integrity of the bone graft mass were evaluated among patients having posterolateral fusion. Grafting consisted of a composite of Grafton and "local" autologous bone (n=56) or iliac crest autograft alone (n=52). Mineralization was rated radiographically at baseline and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Integrity was judged as fused or not fused. Mineralization ratings did not differ significantly between groups at any postoperative interval (P values of .25-1 .00). The percentage of patients fused was similar in both groups (60% and 56% for Grafton and controls, respectively; P=.83). Fifteen control patients reported donor site pain. These findings warrant further evaluation of this composite.
Deletion of Nemo-like Kinase in T Cells Reduces Single-Positive CD8+ Thymocyte Population
Authors: Daams Renée , Sime Wondossen , Leandersson Karin , Sitnicka Ewa , Massoumi Ramin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The β-catenin/Wnt signaling pathway plays an important role in all stages of T cell development. Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is an evolutionary conserved serine/threonine kinase and a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. NLK can directly phosphorylate histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), as well as T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer–binding factor (TCF/LEF), causing subsequent repression of target gene transcription. By engineering mice lacking NLK in early stages of T cell development, we set out to characterize the role NLK plays in T cell development and found that deletion of NLK does not affect mouse health or lymphoid tissue development. Instead, these mice harbored a reduced number of single-positive (SP) CD8+ thymocytes without any defects in the SP CD4+ thymocyte population. The decrease in SP CD8+ thymocytes was not caused by a block in differentiation from double-positive CD4+CD8+ cells. Neither TCR signaling nor activation was altered in the absence of NLK. Instead, we observed a significant increase in cell death and reduced phosphorylation of LEF1 as well as HDAC1 among NLK-deleted SP CD8+ cells. Thus, NLK seems to play an important role in the survival of CD8+ thymocytes. Our data provide evidence for a new function for NLK with regard to its involvement in T cell development and supporting survival of SP CD8+ thymocytes.
Spaces of knotted circles and exotic smooth structures
Authors: Arone Gregory , Szymik Markus 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSuppose that

$N_1$
and

$N_2$
are closed smooth manifolds of dimension n that are homeomorphic. We prove that the spaces of smooth knots,

$ \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, N_1)$
and

$ \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, N_2),$
have the same homotopy

$(2n-7)$
-type. In the four-dimensional case, this means that the spaces of smooth knots in homeomorphic

$4$
-manifolds have sets

$\pi _0$
of components that are in bijection, and the corresponding path components have the same fundamental groups

$\pi _1$
. The result about

$\pi _0$
is well-known and elementary, but the result about

$\pi _1$
appears to be new. The result gives a negative partial answer to a question of Oleg Viro. Our proof uses the Goodwillie–Weiss embedding tower. We give a new model for the quadratic stage of the Goodwillie–Weiss tower, and prove that the homotopy type of the quadratic approximation of the space of knots in N does not depend on the smooth structure on N. Our results also give a lower bound on

$\pi _2 \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, N)$
. We use our model to show that for every choice of basepoint, each of the homotopy groups,

$\pi _1$
and

$\pi _2,$
of

$ \operatorname {\mathrm {Emb}}(\mathrm {S}^1, \mathrm {S}^1\times \mathrm {S}^3)$
contains an infinitely generated free abelian group.
Spectral Transmission of Porcine Crystalline Lens at Post-Mortem Interval
Authors: Ojo Oluwasola M. , Ajayi Olajire B. , Musa Mutali J. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose: Determining the total spectral transmission of the porcine crystalline lens at various post mortem intervals.
Method: An experimental study conducted in the Department of chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of pharmacy, University of Benin. Twenty pairs of porcine eyes were obtained from an abattoir in Benin City. The crystalline lenses were carefully extracted from the enucleated porcine eyes at various post- mortem intervals (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48hours) and their spectral transmissions were measured using a T80 UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. Measurement at 0 hour was used as a control being the baseline.
Result: The result showed a strong negative correlation between increased post mortem intervals and transmission of the crystalline lens for both eyes, as the post-mortem time interval increases, the transmission of long wavelengths (r = -0.992, P = 0.001), mid wavelengths (r = -0.994, P = 0.000) and short wavelengths(r = -0.991, P = 0.001) decreases significantly. It was also observed there was no significant difference (P> 0.05) existed between both eyes in the different wavelength regions with increased post mortem interval.
Conclusion: The study shows that time after death has effect on the spectral transmission of crystalline lens which can serve as important information in forensic evaluation.
Key words: Post mortem interval, crystalline lens, spectral transmission, spectrophotometer and porcine.
Russia and China: Building a Trustful Partnership
Authors: Vorobyov V. 
Published: August 2020

This brief history of relations between the PRC and the Soviet Union (Russia) traces their evolution, starting with open hostility and ideology-driven debates of the 1960’s through normalization during the Gorbachev era, ending with trustful partnership and strategic cooperation at the turn of the 21st century under Yeltsin and Putin.The central topic is the negotiations of 1964-2004 for the delimitation along the western and eastern parts of the boundary between China and Russia, which ended with signing and ratifying an agreement resolving all territorial disputes and demarcating the boundaries at their full length. Establishment of cross-border cooperation on a broad range of issues is described as the main priority for both countries, taking into consideration the fact that large territory of Russia including its Far East and Far North is in the scope of the newest Chinese ‘One Belt, One Road’ initiative. The article analyses contents of this strategic initiative, its domestic and foreign economic implications. The history of military détente between China and Russia and confidence-building measures are described. Brief outline of the history of the SCO as well as the main concepts of its activities are also addressed. Several controversial questions concerning the possible trends of Sino-Russian cooperation in the current international situation are raised in the article.
SCO Forum: facing the enlargement
Authors: Bykov A. , Puzanova O. 
Published: August 2020

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization is on the verge of a new transformation into a more influential international organization, which is why the SCO Forum held in Tashkent this year has become one of the most r epresentative of the recent years. The forum has been held regularly since 2006 and always brought together leading experts from the member countries of the organization. Due to the arrangements made by the Institute for Strategic and Interregional Studies under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, this year the member countries and observer countries took part in productive discussions on such important matters as stability and security in the region, as well as discussed prospects for expanding the organization concluding that the process should not dilute the fundamental principles of the Organization’s activities.Experts have also agreed that bilateral contradictions between individual member countries should not hamper the achievement of general agreement and development of consensual decisions on key issues on the SCO agenda. The ‘Shanghai spirit’ enshrined in the Charter and based on the principles of mutual trust, benefit, equality, and prevention of any unlawful actions directed against the interests of other member states, should become an ethical code that emphasizes the high level of partnership and trust within the SCO framework. The inclusion of India and Pakistan in the SCO bears a special significance. Such enlargement will give the organization a completely different meaning, as well as lay out new tasks for member countries and open prospects for a new format of multilateral relations based on mutual consideration of interests within the institutional framework of the Organisation.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENCACAH RUMPUT UNTUK PAKAN TERNAK
Authors: Hanafie Ahmad , Fadhli Fadhli , Syahruddin Ilwan 
Published: August 2020

Peternak setiap hari harus menyediakan rumput dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak untuk dirajang sebagai bahan makan ternak. Peternak di daerah pinrang dan sekitarnya dalam mencacah rumput masih menggunakan sabit. Sehingga apabila rumput dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak maka dibutuhkan waktu dan tenaga yang lebih banyak. Tujuan perancangan mesin pencacah rumput pakan ternak ini adalah, Membuat alat pencacah rumput, dan kapasitas produksi dan efisiensi dari alat pencacah rumput. Data-data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengujian, dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode perbandingan, yaitu dengan membandingkan hasil dari tingkat produktifitas dari alat sebelumnya dengan alat yang telah dibuat. Dengan menggunakan metode ini, dapat diketahui peningkatan atau penurunan dibandingkan dengan alat sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian proses pencacaha mesin pencacah rumput menggunakan pisau berputar dengan menggunakan pisau berbentuk lurus dengan mata pisau berbentuk melengkung,sistem transmisi yang dipilih adalah transmisi tunggal yang terdari dari sepasang pulley berdiamete 5,6 mm untuk pulley motor dan 5,6 mm untuk pulley yang digerakkan. Kapasitas produksi Mesin pencacah rumput setiap 60 menit mampu memotong rumpur sebanyak 69,6 kg/jam,ketajaman pisau perajang mampu digunakan memotong dalam waktu 10-12 jam/hari,hasil ukuran dan panjang pemotongan rumput seragam.
MODEL DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI PRODUKSI AAC PADA PERUSAHAAN KALLA BLOCK
Authors: Suradi Suradi 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian dilakukan bertujuan : pemodel dalam upaya meningkatkan efisiensi produksi AAC pada perusahaan Kalla Block tanpa menambah atau mengurangi jumlah tenaga kerja. Hasil penelitian pengembangan model proses produksi AAC yang dianalisis dari Analisis beban kerja yang diinginkan adalah seberapa besar beban yang harus ditanggung oleh pekerja, apakah terjadi kelebihan tenaga kerja atau sebaliknya. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa pengukuran beban kerja metode WLA pada proses/section 1 diperoleh nilai beban kerja sebesar 101,2% (> 100%) ini berarti jumlah dan beban kerja operator di atas normal, atau terjadi kekurangan tenaga kerja. Sedangkan pengukuran beban kerja metode TW pada proses/section 1 diperoleh nilai beban kerja sebesar 94,35% (<100%) ini berarti jumlah beban kerja di bawah normal atau terjadi kelebihan tenaga kerja. Perbedaan hasil perhitungan beban kerja metode Work Load Analysis (WLA) dan Teori Wakui (TW) terletak pada faktor penyesuaian dimana metode WLA menggunakan faktor penyesuaian dengan menggunakan faktor penyesuaian Westinghouse dan faktor kelonggaran, faktor tersebut berdasarkan kondisi kerja seperti kondisi pencahayaan, suhu dan kebisingan ruangan. Sedangkan metode TW menggunakan faktor penyesuaian dengan berpendapat bahwa operator bekerja dengan wajar maka harga penyesuaian sama dengan 1 (p = 1).
PENGARUH HASIL PENGELASAN TERHADAP KEKUATAN DAN KEKERASAN
Authors: Muddin Saripuddin 
Published: August 2020

Proses pengelasan harus dititik beratkan pada proses yang paling sesuai untuk tiap-tiap sambungan las yang ada pada konstruksi. Dalam hal ini dasarnya adalah efisiensi yang tinggi, biaya yang murah, penghematan tenaga dan penghematan energi sejauh mungkin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah sifat mekanis material baja ST 42 yang mengalami proses perlakuan pengelasan dengan menggunakan las listrik, dan pengaruh pengelasan terhadap kekuatan dan kekerasan baja ST 42. Metode penelitian penilitan ini bahan uji yang digunakan adalah pelat baja St 42. dengan ukuran 200 mm × 40 mm × 4 mm dengan jumlah 8 (delapan) specimen dan ukuran 100 mm × 40 mm × 4 mm dengan jumlah 2 (dua) specimen. Hasil Penelitian diperoleh hasil material logam induk adalah baja ST 42 dengan sifat sifat mekanis sebagai berikut Kekuatan tarik: 43,802 Kg/mm2, Regangan patah: 4,833 % , Reduksi penempang patah: 6,45 %, Kekerasan Rockwall: 132,424 Karakter patahan : Patah getas dan Kekerasan yang terjadi akibat pengaruh pengelasan terdistribusi sesuai dengan jarak dari titik pusat las. Semakin jauh dari titik pusat las semakin kecil pengaruhnya, ini terjadi karena pengaruh panas pada daerah ini juga semakin kecil, semakin besar arus yang dipakai saat pengelasan, maka semakin kasar bentuk butiran logam.
ANALISA PERANCANGAN KAPASITAS PENYIMPANAN OPTIMAL GUDANG BARANG JADI (STUDI KASUS: PT. SAGATRADE MURNI SAMARINDA)
Authors: Andrie Andrie 
Published: August 2020

Meningkatnya permintaan pasar akan suatu produk memaksa perusahaan untuk lebih meningkatkan kuantitas produksinya. Seiring meningkatnya kuantitas produksi, maka perusahaan memikirkan hal terpenting mengenai kebutuhan adanya tempat penyimpanan yang baik dan optimal. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bagaimana menganalisa kapasitas penyimpanan
produk jadi pada perusahaan tersebut dengan menggunakan metode penyimpanan storage policy yaitu dedicated storage policy serta bagaimana menganalisa jalur lintas yang ada pada gudang. Hasil observasi lapangan memberikan hasil mengenai stok produk dari segi pengiriman dan
pengeluarannya serta dimensi pengemasannya. Sistem penyimpanan mengacu pada metode dedicated storage policy yang bersifat part number sequence storage. Selanjutnya, untuk penempatan area penyimpanan seluruh varian yang ada seluas 224 m2, dan gambaran hasil analisa untuk penempatan area dan penyimpanan produk pada bulan November 2016 adalah 145,38 m2. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa penempatan penyimpanan dapat memberikan perluasan area penyimpanan seluas 78,62 m2. Sedangkan hasil jalur lintas dengan menentukan aisle space potential ratio menghasilkan presentase penambahan sebanyak 15 % dari jalur yang ada. Hasil ini merupakan analisa jalur lintas yang dilalui dua kendaran forklift.