bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Avidity Responses in COVID-19 Patients and Convalescent Plasma Donors
Authors: Benner Sarah E , Patel Eshan U , Laeyendecker Oliver , Pekosz Andrew , Littlefield Kirsten , Eby Yolanda , Fernandez Reinaldo E , Miller Jernelle , Kirby Charles S , Keruly Morgan , Klock Ethan , Baker Owen R , Schmidt Haley A , Shrestha Ruchee , Burgess Imani , Bonny Tania S , Clarke William , Caturegli Patrizio , Sullivan David , Shoham Shmuel , Quinn Thomas C , Bloch Evan M , Casadevall Arturo , Tobian Aaron A R , Redd Andrew D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Convalescent plasma therapy is a leading treatment for conferring temporary immunity to COVID-19–susceptible individuals or for use as post-exposure prophylaxis. However, not all recovered patients develop adequate antibody titers for donation and the relationship between avidity and neutralizing titers is currently not well understood.

Methods
SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike and anti-nucleocapsid IgG titers and avidity were measured in a longitudinal cohort of COVID-19 hospitalized patients (n = 16 individuals) and a cross-sectional sample of convalescent plasma donors (n = 130). Epidemiologic correlates of avidity were examined in donors by linear regression. The association of avidity and a high neutralizing titer (NT) were also assessed in donors using modified Poisson regression.

Results
Antibody avidity increased over duration of infection and remained elevated. In convalescent plasma donors, higher levels of anti-spike avidity were associated with older age, male sex, and hospitalization. Higher NTs had a stronger positive correlation with anti-spike IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.386; P &lt; .001) than with anti-nucleocapsid IgG avidity (Spearman ρ = 0.211; P = .026). Increasing levels of anti-spike IgG avidity were associated with high NT (≥160) (adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.58 [95% confidence interval = 1.19–2.12]), independent of age, sex, and hospitalization.

Conclusions
SARS-CoV-2 antibody avidity correlated with duration of infection and higher neutralizing titers, suggesting a potential alternative screening parameter for identifying optimal convalescent plasma donors.
Correlation between compensated patient claims and 30-day mortality
Authors: Skyrud Katrine Damgaard , Bukholm Ida Rashida Khan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo test if compensation claims from patients (reported to the Norwegian System of Patient Injury Compensation) are correlated with the existing quality indicator of 30-day mortality (based on data from Norwegian Patient Registry). This correlation has not been previously evaluated.DesignThe association between patient claims and 30-day mortality at hospital trust level was assessed by the Pearson correlation coefficient.SettingThe Norwegian System of Patient Injury Compensation is a governmental agency under the Ministry of Health and Care Services and deals with patient-reported complaints about incorrect treatment in the public and private healthcare services. Patient-reported claims may be an indicator of healthcare quality, as 30-day mortality.ParticipantsAll 19 Norwegian hospital trusts.Interventions: None.Main outcome measurePatient claims rates, 30-day mortality and Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsBoth number of deaths within 30 days and number of claims have declined over time. High correlation (0.77, P &lt; 0.001) was found between number of deaths within 30 days and the total number of claims. In addition, an even stronger association was found with approved claims, with a correlation coefficient of 0.83 (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, adjusted 30-day mortality was significantly correlated with the patient-claim rate using number of bed-days as denominator, but not when using number of discharges.ConclusionsThe results from the present study indicate an association between compensation claims from patients and 30-day mortality, suggesting that both parameters reflect the latent quality of care for the hospital trusts, but they may capture different aspects of care.
Michelangelo Gualandi (1793–1887) and the National Gallery: an unofficial ‘Travelling Agent’ for Sir Charles Eastlake
Authors: Avery-Quash Susanna , Mazzaferro Giovanni 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Over one hundred letters between the Bolognese art agent, archivist and local historian Michelangelo Gualandi (1793–1887) and Sir Charles Eastlake (1793–1865), first director of the National Gallery, London, have recently been discovered in the University Library at Frankfurt. The correspondence charts the pair’s relationship during Eastlake’s decade in office from 1855 and demonstrates the diverse ways in which Gualandi assisted Eastlake, from sourcing books and undertaking archival research to helping to purchase pictures for the National Gallery and Eastlake’s own private collection. It also presents new data concerning the paintings that eluded them and the state of the international art market in the middle of the nineteenth century. We contend that their collaboration-cum-friendship deserves greater recognition and, given the extent of his assistance, that Gualandi might justifiably be repositioned within the gallery’s institutional history as, in many ways, a figure comparable in importance to Otto Mündler, the gallery’s official Travelling Agent.
Orthogonal Learning Firefly Algorithm
Authors: Kadavy Tomas , Senkerik Roman , Pluhacek Michal , Viktorin Adam 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The primary aim of this original work is to provide a more in-depth insight into the relations between control parameters adjustments, learning techniques, inner swarm dynamics and possible hybridization strategies for popular swarm metaheuristic Firefly Algorithm (FA). In this paper, a proven method, orthogonal learning, is fused with FA, specifically with its hybrid modification Firefly Particle Swarm Optimization (FFPSO). The parameters of the proposed Orthogonal Learning Firefly Algorithm are also initially thoroughly explored and tuned. The performance of the developed algorithm is examined and compared with canonical FA and above-mentioned FFPSO. Comparisons have been conducted on well-known CEC 2017 benchmark functions, and the results have been evaluated for statistical significance using the Friedman rank test.
Extensions in graph normal form
Authors: Walicki Michał 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Graph normal form, introduced earlier for propositional logic, is shown to be a normal form also for first-order logic. It allows to view syntax of theories as digraphs, while their semantics as kernels of these digraphs. Graphs are particularly well suited for studying circularity, and we provide some general means for verifying that circular or apparently circular extensions are conservative. Traditional syntactic means of ensuring conservativity, like definitional extensions or positive occurrences guaranteeing exsitence of fixed points, emerge as special cases.
A subterranean ecosystem-engineering rodent influences plant emergence and reproductive strategy in a high-altitude cold desert
Authors: Borghi Carlos E , Rodríguez Navas Alicia , Andino Natalia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPlant emergence from seed banks and from asexual reproduction could be strongly influenced by environmental and biological factors. Among environmental factors, animal disturbances deserve special consideration. In this study we test the hypothesis that disturbances resulting from the burrowing activity of Ctenomys affect plant emergence (sexual and asexual) in the south of the cold Puna desert. Richness and abundance of seedlings and sprouts growing in areas disturbed or undisturbed by Ctenomys were recorded at the beginning and at the end of the vegetative season. In general terms, the activity of Ctenomys does not affect richness of emerging species, but does have a significant influence on the type of emergence. Analyses between areas revealed that seedling emergence was significantly higher than sprout emergence in areas showing Ctenomys activity, whereas no significant differences were found between types of emergence in undisturbed areas. Although vegetative emergence was important, plant emergence from seeds appears to be relevant to the recolonization of areas disturbed by Ctenomys.
Advances in cryo-EM and ED with a cold-field emission beam and energy filtration —Refinements of the CRYO ARM 300 system in RIKEN SPring-8 center—
Authors: Maki-Yonekura Saori , Hamaguchi Tasuku , Naitow Hisashi , Takaba Kiyofumi , Yonekura Koji 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We have designed and evaluated a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) system for higher-resolution single particle analysis and high-precision electron 3D crystallography. The system comprises a JEOL CRYO ARM 300 electron microscope—the first machine of this model—and a direct detection device camera, a scintillator-coupled camera, GPU clusters connected with a camera control computer and software for automated-data collection and efficient and accurate operation. The microscope provides parallel illumination of a highly coherent 300-kV electron beam to a sample from a cold-field emission gun and filters out energy-loss electrons through the sample with an in-column energy filter. The gun and filter are highly effective in improving imaging and diffraction, respectively, and have provided high quality data since July 2018. We here report on the characteristics of the cryo-EM system, updates, our progress and future plan for running such cryo-EM machines in RIKEN SPring-8 Center.
Transport of intensity equation method and its applications
Authors: Mitome Masanori 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A phase retrieval technique based on a transport of intensity equation (TIE) is one of the defocus series reconstruction techniques in microscopy. Since it does not require any dedicated devices like a biprism, and only three defocus images are enough to retrieve phase information, it has been applied to observe magnetic fields, magnetic domains, electrostatic potentials and strains. It is also used to improve image resolution by correcting spherical aberration. This technique is simple and easy to use, but some artifacts often appear in the retrieved phase map. One should pay careful attention to the experimental conditions and the algorithms and boundary conditions used to solve the TIE. This paper reviews the principle of the TIE method, the algorithms used to solve it and application results in materials science.
Time dependence of advection-dominated accretion flow around a rotating compact object
Authors: Habibi Fahimeh 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Time evolution of advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) around a rotating compact object is presented. The time-dependent equations of fluid including the Coriolis force along with the centrifugal and pressure gradient forces are derived. In this research, it is assumed that angular momentum transport is due to viscous turbulence and the α-prescription is used for the kinematic coefficient of viscosity. Moreover, the general relativistic effects are neglected. In order to solve the equations, we have used a self-similar solution. The solutions show that the behaviour of the physical quantities in a dynamical ADAF is different from that for a steady accretion flow. Our results indicate that the physical quantities are dependent of rotation parameter which is defined as the ratio of the intrinsic angular velocity of the central body to the angular velocity of disc. Also, the effect of rotation parameter on these quantities is different for co and counter-rotating flows. The solution shows that by increasing the rotation parameter a, inflow–outflow region approaches the central object for co-rotating flow and moves outwards for counter-rotating flow. We find that when flow is fully advection dominated (f → 1), the entire gas has positive Bernoulli function. Also, we suggest that the Bernoulli function becomes more positive when the effect of rotation on the structure of disc decreases.
A PSF-based Approach to TESS High quality data Of Stellar clusters (PATHOS) – III. Exploring the properties of young associations through their variables, dippers, and candidate exoplanets
Authors: Nardiello D 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Young associations in star-forming regions are stellar systems that allow us to understand the mechanisms that characterize the stars in their early life and what happens around them. In particular, the analysis of the discs and of the exoplanets around young stars allows us to know the key processes that prevail in their evolution and understand the properties of the exoplanets orbiting older stars. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite mission is giving us the opportunity to extract and analyse the light curves of association members with high accuracy, but the crowding that affects these regions makes difficult the light curve extraction. In the PATHOS project, cutting-edge tools are used to extract high-precision light curves and identify variable stars and transiting exoplanets in open clusters and associations. In this work, I analysed the light curves of stars in five young (≲10 Myr) associations, searching for variables and candidate exoplanets. Using the rotational periods of the association members, I constrained the ages of the five stellar systems (∼2–10 Myr). I searched for dippers, and I investigated the properties of the dust that forms the circumstellar discs. Finally, I searched for transiting signals, finding six strong candidate exoplanets. No candidates with radius RP ≲ 0.9 RJ have been detected, in agreement with the expectations. The frequency of giant planets resulted to be ∼2–3 per cent, higher than that expected for field stars (≲ 1 per cent); the low statistic makes this conclusion not strong, and new investigations on young objects are mandatory to confirm this result.
Formation of C4H4 from photolysis of icy C2H2 with 175 nm at 60 K
Authors: Lo Jen-Iu , Peng Yu-Chain , Chou Sheng-Lung , Lu Hsiao-Chi , Cheng Bing-Ming 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The absorption spectrum of solid acetylene (C2H2) at 10 K was measured in wavelength range 107–250 nm with UV light from a synchrotron source. Based on the absorption spectrum, we irradiated at 175 nm the icy acetylene at 60 K; the results yielded a new set of IR absorption lines with similar temporal profiles of production during the photolysis periods. From icy 12C2H2, these new features were recorded at 3276.8, 1598.7, 963.0, 936.3, and 671.3 cm−1, which are assigned to modes ν1, ν6, ν14, ν15, and ν11 (mixing with ν17), respectively, of vinylacetylene (C4H4) based on the results of 13C- and D-isotopic experiments and quantum-chemical calculations. These calculations using density-functional theory (B3LYP/6–311++G**) predict vibrational wavenumbers and IR intensities of vinylacetylene that agree satisfactorily with our experimental results. This work enhances our understanding of the photochemistry of icy acetylene in cold astronomical environments; for instance, the present result can be applied directly to the photochemical processes on Titan's surface.
Radial variation of the stellar mass functions in the globular clusters M15 and M30: clues of a non-standard IMF?
Authors: Cadelano M , Dalessandro E , Webb J J , Vesperini E , Lattanzio D , Beccari G , Gomez M , Monaco L 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
We exploit a combination of high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope and wide-field ESO-VLT observations to study the slope of the global mass function (αG) and its radial variation (α(r)) in the two dense, massive and post core-collapse globular clusters M15 and M30. The available data set samples the clusters’ main sequence down to ∼0.2 M⊙ and the photometric completeness allows the study of the mass function between 0.40 M⊙ and 0.75 M⊙ from the central regions out to their tidal radii. We find that both clusters show a very similar variation in α(r) as a function of clustercentric distance. They both exhibit a very steep variation in α(r) in the central regions, which then attains almost constant values in the outskirts. Such a behaviour can be interpreted as the result of long-term dynamical evolution of the systems driven by mass-segregation and mass-loss processes. We compare these results with a set of direct N-body simulations and find that they are only able to reproduce the observed values of α(r) and αG at dynamical ages (t/trh) significantly larger than those derived from the observed properties of both clusters. We investigate possible physical mechanisms responsible for such a discrepancy and argue that both clusters might be born with a non-standard (flatter/bottom-lighter) initial mass function.
Testing dark energy models with a new sample of strong-lensing systems
Authors: Amante Mario H , Magaña Juan , Motta V , García-Aspeitia Miguel A , Verdugo Tomás 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Inspired by a new compilation of strong-lensing systems, which consist of 204 points in the redshift range 0.0625 &lt; zl &lt; 0.958 for the lens and 0.196 &lt; zs &lt; 3.595 for the source, we constrain three models that generate a late cosmic acceleration: the ω-cold dark matter model, the Chevallier–Polarski–Linder, and the Jassal–Bagla–Padmanabhan parametrizations. Our compilation contains only those systems with early-type galaxies acting as lenses, with spectroscopically measured stellar velocity dispersions, estimated Einstein radius, and both the lens and source redshifts. We assume an axially symmetric mass distribution in the lens equation, using a correction to alleviate differences between the measured velocity dispersion (σ) and the dark matter halo velocity dispersion (σDM) as well as other systematic errors that may affect the measurements. We have considered different subsamples to constrain the cosmological parameters of each model. Additionally, we generate a mock data of SLS to asses the impact of the chosen mass profile on the accuracy of Einstein radius estimation. Our results show that cosmological constraints are very sensitive to the selected data: Some cases show convergence problems in the estimation of cosmological parameters (e.g. systems with observed distance ratio Dobs &lt; 0.5), others show high values for the χ2 function (e.g. systems with a lens equation Dobs &gt; 1 or high velocity dispersion σ &gt; 276 km s−1). However, we obtained a fiduciary sample with 143 systems, which improves the constraints on each tested cosmological model.
Virtual Music Therapy: Developing New Approaches to Service Delivery
Authors: Knott David , Block Seneca 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As the global Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic transforms our society, music therapists must adapt service delivery models that ensure client safety. Given the prevalence of COVID-19 in our communities and lack of personal protective equipment in many settings, music therapists are faced with the need to shift delivery models in order to provide safe and relevant services. Telehealth is one solution to these current service delivery challenges. Music therapists possess a depth of practice-based knowledge and understanding of client populations, which enables them to develop virtual services, matching both the clinicians’ and clients’ technical capabilities. Developed during the initial wave of COVID-19 infections in the United States, this article describes the coauthors’ three-tiered scaffold model intended to support the program development and deployment of virtual music therapy (VMT) services. The model describes an approach to developing VMT services that directs the clinician’s goals of care in formats that are accessible, appropriate, and best meet the patient/client’s needs and abilities. The severity and lasting nature of this worldwide health crisis and its disruption of traditional service delivery models require clinicians and researchers to develop the most effective uses of VMT while considering its limits with regard to clinical populations and need areas.
CALCULATION OF CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS FOR VOXELIZED PHANTOMS FOR CRITICALITY ACCIDENT DOSIMETRY
Authors: Chevallier M-A , Pontier J B , Morin H , Duluc M , Evo S , Letang E , Trompier F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the event of a criticality accident, not only the maximal doses received by the victims must be determined but it is also crucial to evaluate the doses to the different organs. With a neutron component, morphology is a key parameter in the organ dose calculation. As the simulation tools can be time consuming to proceed, especially if morphology is taken into account, for all the victims, it may be very useful to have a database of conversion coefficients that allow to obtain the organ doses from the dose measured in the dosemeter for different kinds of morphology. In this paper, we present a study performed to evaluate such conversion coefficients using voxelized anthropomorphic phantoms. These coefficients take into account two crucial parameters having an impact on the dose at the organs: the orientation of the victim in the radiation field and the morphology, that is to say the body mass index of the different victims.
Governing Marginality: Coercion and Care in Probation
Authors: Phelps Michelle S , Ruhland Ebony L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
While the scale and consequences of mass incarceration in the United States have been well-documented over the past two decades, sociologists have focused less attention on mass probation and the expansion of community supervision. Originally designed as a rehabilitative alternative to imprisonment, probation represents the largest form of penal control and a critical intersection between criminal justice and welfare—two systems that govern citizens at the margins. We analyze qualitative data from over 100 focus groups conducted in 2016-2017 with adults on probation and probation officers in several jurisdictions across the country to show the enmeshing of coercion and care in probation. Drawing on the concept of carceral citizenship, we detail the duties, burdens, and perverse benefits of supervision across four domains: relationships with probation officers, access to services and programs, time and financial constrictions, and the threat of revocation (or incarceration for non-compliance). We argue that probation provides barebones welfare services for some of the most vulnerable adults, while also imposing the unique harms of a criminal record, burdens of supervision, and risk of incarceration.
Comparison of Fractional Picosecond 1064-nm Laser and Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser for Treating Atrophic Acne Scars: A Randomized Split-Face Trial
Authors: Sirithanabadeekul Punyaphat , Tantrapornpong Ploypailin , Rattakul Bheeratida , Sutthipisal Nalinee , Thanasarnaksorn Wilai 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND
To date, no studies have compared the fractional picosecond 1064-nm laser (FxPico) and fractional carbon dioxide laser (FxCO2) for the treatment of acne scars.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy and safety between FxPico and FxCO2 for treating facial atrophic acne scars.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-five Asian patients with mild to moderate atrophic acne scars underwent single sessions of randomized split-face treatment with FxPico and FxCO2. Clinical efficacy was assessed by photographs, skin imaging analysis, and patient satisfaction. The adverse events were recorded on every visit. Skin biopsies were performed immediately and 3 months after treatment.

RESULTS
The physician improvement scores for skin texture and atrophy significantly increased on the FxPico sides, but no significant difference was observed between FxPico and FxCO2. Skin imaging also showed significant improvement on both sides for scar volume. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) was not reported on FxPico sides, whereas 6 patients (24%) experienced mild PIH on FxCO2 sides. Immediate post-FxPico skin biopsy revealed laser-induced optical breakdown with photoacoustic columns. Collagen and elastic fibers increased at 3 months after both treatments.

CONCLUSION
FxPico was as effective as FxCO2 in treating atrophic acne scars, correlating with evidence of tissue remodeling with more safety profiles.