bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Study of Metallographic Testing of Welding Joint of Welding in High Alloy Steel Installation of Power Station Boiler
Authors: Zhang Bing , He Peng , Wang Jinqing , Jin Zhangmin , Pan Xinmin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Two disputes about the metallographic testing of welding joints of the high alloy steel on-site installation welding of the current power plant boiler are discussed. This thesis analyzes the reasons for the two dispute. On this basis, the accordance for the detection, detection method, qualification assessment standard and the ratio of detected parts to quantity are defined. This paper can provide reference for strengthening the quality of welding joints for high alloy steel installation welding of power station boilers.
Parametric Analysis and Optimization of Rotary Ultrasonic Machining of Zirconia (ZrO2) Ceramics
Authors: Abdo Basem M. A. , El-Tamimi Abdulaziz , Alkhalefah Hisham 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Micro-channels are considered as the essential part of several medical applications such as microfluidics devices, lab on a chip, microbiology, etc. In most applications, fluid flow is required to pass through certain microchannels. The fluid flow characteristics such as flow rate and fluid dynamics are mainly accomplished based on the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the microchannels. In this study, the microchannels are fabricated on zirconium oxide (ZrO2) using rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM). A full factorial design of experiments is employed in order to detect the influences of key input parameters of RUM including cutting speed (S), feed rate (FR), depth of cut (DOC), frequency (F) and amplitude (A) on surface roughness (Ra), edge chipping (EC), depth error (DE) and width error (WE) of the milled microchannels. Multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) was employed to determine the optimal parametric conditions for minimizing the values of Ra, EC, DE, and WE of the fabricated microchannels. Results revealed that the minimum value of Ra = 0.26 μm, EC = 10.1 μm, DE = 4.2% and WE = 7.2% can be accomplished through the multi-objective optimization at higher levels of frequency and amplitude and lower levels of feed rate, depth of cut and cutting speed.
Effects of lateral and vertical ultrasonic vibrations on the microstructure and microhardness of Stellite-6 coating deposited on Inconel 718 superalloy through laser metal deposition
Authors: Hosseini-Tayeb Hossein , Rafiaei Seyed Mahdi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this research work, Stellite-6 was deposited on an Inconel 718 substrate via laser metal deposition (LMD) process. Lateral and vertical ultrasonic vibrations were applied during the LMD process at 150 W and 250 W to achieve improved properties. The resultant coatings were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyzer and optical microscopy. Also, the microhardness values of two samples (without vibration and with vertical vibration) were measured. The results showed that applying ultrasonic vertical vibrations led to significant changes in the microstructure of the coatings and the coating/substrate interface i.e. a better distribution of alloying elements of the coating was achieved, the number of the secondary arms increased, and the porosity percentage decreased significantly. Moreover, the microhardness value in the sample synthesized at 150 W and under vertical vibrations were higher than that in the sample produced without vibrations.
Theoretical calculation of the optical absorption property of nanoparticles composed of an Au Core and Si shell embedded in silica
Authors: Chaiyachate Panuwat , Dasri Thananchai , Chingsungnoen Artit 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Combining multiple materials in a single nanoparticle has gained much attention in recent years. In this work, the optical absorption property of gold-silicon (Au@Si) core–shell nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in a silica matrix were are theoretically demonstrated in the wavelength range from 400 to 800 nm, based on a discrete-dipole approximation method. For a single core–shell nanoparticle, the study revealed the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) showed a regular redshift with an increase in its Si shell thickness. The observed redshifts in the LSPR peaks were in agreement with the experimental results. The optical absorption property was also observed for two Au@Si core–shell NPs separated, on average, by a distance as small as a few nanometers. The results suggest that the shifts in spectral peak position depend on both the interparticle distance and geometric configuration of the nanoparticles. The obtained results also suggest that this nanomaterial, with a strong wavelength-tuneable absorption property, could be an attractive candidate for applications in biomedicine, nanocatalysis, optical devices, and future functional devices.
Effect of Betanin, a Beetroot Component, on Vascular Tone in Isolated Porcine Arteries
Authors: Tawa Masashi , Masuoka Takayoshi , Yamashita Yuka , Nakano Katsuya , Ishibashi Takaharu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Beetroot has attracted much attention because of its blood pressure-lowering properties. Although beetroot contains various nutritional compounds, including inorganic nitrate, some of their physiological properties are not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether betanin, a beetroot component, has a regulatory effect on vascular tone.

METHODS
Mechanical responses of isolated porcine coronary, mesenteric, and pulmonary arteries were assessed by organ chamber technique. In some cases, the vascular reactivity was observed in the presence of a physiological concentration of betanin (10 µM).

RESULTS
Betanin did not induce vasorelaxation at physiological concentrations both in endothelium-intact and -denuded coronary, mesenteric, and pulmonary arteries. The endothelium-dependent agonists, bradykinin and A23187 induced vasorelaxation of endothelium-intact coronary arteries, both of which were not affected by exposure to betanin. Likewise, endothelium-independent vasorelaxation induced by sodium nitrite and sodium nitroprusside was also not affected by the presence of betanin. In addition, exposure of endothelium-intact coronary arteries to betanin did not attenuate prostaglandin F2α- and endothelin-1-induced vasocontraction.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that betanin does not have a vasorelaxant activity. It is unlikely that betanin is a component directly responsible for the beetroot-induced acute blood pressure-lowering effect in a nitrate-independent manner.
Accuracy of and prescriber perceptions related to documenting antibiotic indications during order entry at an academic medical center
Authors: Beardsley James , Vestal Mark , Rosario Norbert , Meosky Kalyn , Johnson James , Luther Vera , Ohl Christopher , Williamson John 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the accuracy of antibiotic indication documentation provided during order entry and prescriber perceptions of the requirement to specify indications.

Methods
Patients who received 1 of 6 selected antibiotics from May 1 through June 30, 2017, were identified. Records of 30 randomly selected patients who received each study antibiotic were retrospectively reviewed. The primary endpoint was indication accuracy, defined as agreement of the indication entered during order entry with that documented in progress notes at the time of order entry. Secondary endpoints included correlation of entered indication and final diagnosis for empiric antibiotics. A brief survey was emailed to prescribers to assess the burden and perceptions of requiring an indication during order entry.

Results
Four thousand five hundred twenty-four patients received 1 or more doses of a study antibiotic. For the 180 patients selected for evaluation, 89.4% of indications were accurate. Indications for antibiotics ordered for prophylaxis were more likely to be inaccurate than those for empiric or definitive antibiotics (accuracy rates of 46%, 94%, and 92%, respectively, p &lt; 0.05). For empiric antibiotics, 78.5% of indications documented at order entry matched the final diagnosis. Two hundred fifty-four of 863 prescribers (29%) responded to the survey request. Most respondents felt that documenting the indication took no more than 20 seconds, was a “minor nuisance” or “occasionally burdensome,” and had no impact on their consideration of antibiotic appropriateness.

Conclusion
With the exception of prophylaxis, the indications documented during order entry were sufficiently accurate to assist antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Although indication documentation was perceived as a minor burden, surveyed prescribers indicated it had only a minimal beneficial effect on antibiotic prescribing.
Neuron-autonomous susceptibility to induced synuclein aggregation is exacerbated by endogenous Lrrk2 mutations and ameliorated by Lrrk2 genetic knock-out
Authors: MacIsaac Sarah , Quevedo Melo Thaiany , Zhang Yuting , Volta Mattia , Farrer Matthew J , Milnerwood Austen J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Neuronal aggregates containing α-synuclein are a pathological hallmark of several degenerative diseases; including Parkinson’s disease, Parkinson’s disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Understanding the process of α-synuclein aggregation, and discovering means of preventing it, may help guide therapeutic strategy and drug design. Recent advances provide tools to induce α-synuclein aggregation in neuronal cultures. Application of exogenous pre-formed fibrillar α-synuclein induces pathological phosphorylation and accumulation of endogenous α-synuclein, typical of that seen in disease. Genomic variability and mutations in α-synuclein and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 proteins are the major genetic risk factors for Parkinson’s disease. Reports demonstrate fibril-induced α-synuclein aggregation is increased in cells from leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 pathogenic mutant (G2019S) overexpressing mice, and variously decreased by leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 inhibitors. Elsewhere in vivo antisense knock-down of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 protein has been shown to protect mice from fibril-induced α-synuclein aggregation, whereas kinase inhibition did not. To help bring clarity to this issue, we took a purely genetic approach in a standardized neuron-enriched culture, lacking glia. We compared fibril treatment of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 germ-line knock-out, and G2019S germ-line knock-in, mouse cortical neuron cultures with those from littermates. We found leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 knock-out neurons are resistant to α-synuclein aggregation, which predominantly forms within axons, and may cause axonal fragmentation. Conversely, leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 knock-in neurons are more vulnerable to fibril-induced α-synuclein accumulation. Protection and resistance correlated with basal increases in a lysosome marker in knock-out, and an autophagy marker in knock-in cultures. The data add to a growing number of studies that argue leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 silencing, and potentially kinase inhibition, may be a useful therapeutic strategy against synucleinopathy.
Characterization of Five Oxidative Degradation Impurities and One Process Impurity of Suvorexant Drug Substance by LC-MS/MS, HR-MS and 1D, 2D NMR: Validation of Suvorexant Drug Substance and Process Impurities by HPLC and UPLC
Authors: Rajana Nagaraju , Devi Dharamasoth Rama , Kumar Reddy Dinne Naresh , Babu J Moses , Basavaiah K , Balakumaran K 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
During the oxidative (10% H2O2) degradation of suvorexant drug substance, around 1.0% of one impurity and less than 1.0% four impurities were found by a new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay and related substance method. The mass numbers of 1.0% impurity was 469 [M + H]+, remaining four impurities were 172 [M + H]+, 467 [M + H]+, 483 [M + H]+ and 485 [M + H]+. The 469 [M + H]+, 485[M + H] and 172 [M + H]+ impurities were characterized by using the LC-MS/MS, HR-MS and 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The 172 [M + H]+ impurity was prepared synthetically and co-injected in HPLC. The retention time of synthesized 172 [M + H]+ impurity was matching with the unknown degradation impurity in HPLC. The developed mass compatible HPLC and ultra performance liquid chromatography methods were validated for drug substance and process impurities by following ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines.
Evidence-Based Assessment Tools for Common Mental Health Problems: A Practical Guide for School Settings
Authors: Andrews Jack H , Cho Evelyn , Tugendrajch Siena K , Marriott Brigid R , Hawley Kristin M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Evidence-based assessment, which requires the use of reliable and valid measurement tools, is an essential component of many services that school social workers provide to promote the social, emotional, and behavioral health of students. A wide variety of psychometrically sound assessment tools exist to choose from, but it can be difficult for school personnel to identify and access the tools best suited to meet their needs. In an effort to reduce these barriers, the authors of this article provide a concise guide to free, validated measurement tools that are feasible for routine use in school settings for the most common youth mental health concerns (anxiety, depression, and disruptive behavior). The psychometric properties and other practical characteristics of 37 measurement tools are reviewed, accompanied by links to access each tool and suggestions to help social workers identify which may best fit any particular combination of the diverse goals, school settings, and student populations they serve.
GXD’s RNA-Seq and Microarray Experiment Search: using curated metadata to reliably find mouse expression studies of interest
Authors: Smith Constance M , Kadin James A , Baldarelli Richard M , Beal Jonathan S , Blodgett Olin , Giannatto Sharon C , Richardson Joel E , Ringwald Martin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Gene Expression Database (GXD), an extensive community resource of curated expression information for the mouse, has developed an RNA-Seq and Microarray Experiment Search (http://www.informatics.jax.org/gxd/htexp_index). This tool allows users to quickly and reliably find specific experiments in ArrayExpress and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) that study endogenous gene expression in wild-type and mutant mice. Standardized metadata annotations, curated by GXD, allow users to specify the anatomical structure, developmental stage, mutated gene, strain and sex of samples of interest, as well as the study type and key parameters of the experiment. These searches, powered by controlled vocabularies and ontologies, can be combined with free text searching of experiment titles and descriptions. Search result summaries include link-outs to ArrayExpress and GEO, providing easy access to the expression data itself. Links to the PubMed entries for accompanying publications are also included. More information about this tool and GXD can be found at the GXD home page (http://www.informatics.jax.org/expression.shtml).Database URL: http://www.informatics.jax.org/expression.shtml
Development of Deaf Adults with Intellectual Disability in a Therapeutic Living Community
Authors: Fellinger Johannes , Linzner Doris , Holzinger Daniel , Dall Magdalena , Fellinger Maria , Fogler Jason 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities who are deaf face obstacles participating in social environments that do not take into account their need for accessible visual communication. In the present case series, we describe the development of the adaptive skills profiles of eight participants in a fully inclusive therapeutic living community, designed specifically for people with developmental disabilities who are deaf and focused on supporting communication, social relationships, conflict resolution, and work satisfaction. Adaptive skills ratings collected at enrollment and twelve years later suggest increases in social awareness and community living, whereas personal care and homemaking showed relatively little change.
Classification of Injurious Fall Severity in Hospitalized Adults
Authors: Burns Zoe , Khasnabish Srijesa , Hurley Ann C , Lindros Mary Ellen , Carroll Diane L , Kurian Susan , Alfieri Lois , Ryan Virginia , Adelman Jason , Bogaisky Michael , Adkison Lesley , Ping Yu Shao , Scanlan Maureen , Herlihy Lisa , Jackson Emily , Lipsitz Stuart R , Christiansen Taylor , Bates David W , Dykes Patricia C 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany hospital systems in the United States report injurious inpatient falls using the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators categories: None, Minor, Moderate, Major, and Death. The Major category is imprecise, including injuries ranging from a wrist fracture to potentially fatal subdural hematoma. The purpose of this project was to refine the Major injury classification to derive a valid and reliable categorization of the types and severities of Major inpatient fall-related injuries.MethodsBased on published literature and ranking of injurious fall incident reports (n = 85) from a large Academic Medical Center, we divided the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators Major category into three subcategories: Major A—injuries that caused temporary functional impairment (eg, wrist fracture), major facial injury without internal injury (eg, nasal bone fracture), or disruption of a surgical wound; Major B—injuries that caused long-term functional impairment or had the potential risk of increased mortality (eg, multiple rib fractures); and Major C—injuries that had a well-established risk of mortality (eg, hip fracture). Based on the literature and expert opinion, our research team reached consensus on an administration manual to promote accurate classification of Major injuries into one of the three subcategories.ResultsThe team tested and validated each of the categories which resulted in excellent interrater reliability (kappa = .96). Of the Major injuries, the distribution of Major A, B, and C was 40.3%, 16.1%, and 43.6%, respectively.ConclusionsThese subcategories enhance the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators categorization. Using the administration manual, trained personnel can classify injurious fall severity with excellent reliability.
An Integrated Hospital Protocol for Persons With Injection-Related Infections May Increase Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Use but Challenges Remain
Authors: Eaton Ellen F , Lee Rachael A , Westfall Andrew O , Mathews R E , McCleskey Brandi , Paddock Cayce S , Lane Peter S , Cropsey Karen L 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Hospital-based strategies that link persons with infectious complications of opioid use disorder (OUD) to medications for OUD (MOUD) are of great interest. The objective of this study is to determine whether a hospital-based protocol would increase the use of MOUD and to identify barriers to MOUD during admission and at the time of discharge.

Methods
This study included participants with a documented or suspected history of injection drug usage receiving care for an infection at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospital from 2015 to 2018. The protocol, the intravenous antibiotic and addiction team (IVAT), included Addiction Medicine and Infectious Diseases consultation and a 9-item risk assessment. We quantified MOUD use before and after IVAT and used logistic regression to determine factors associated with MOUD. We explored barriers to MOUD uptake using chart review.

Results
A total of 37 and 98 patients met criteria in the pre- and post-IVAT periods, respectively. With IVAT, the percentage with OUD receiving MOUD significantly increased (29% pre-IVAT and 37% post-IVAT; P = .026) and MOUD use was higher in “high risk” participants (62%). Clinical and sociodemographic factors were not associated with MOUD receipt.

Conclusions
A hospital-based protocol may increase the use of MOUD; however, the uptake of MOUD remains suboptimal (&lt;50%).
Whither Whiteness and Religion?: Implications for Theology and the Study of Religion
Authors: Schneider Rachel C , Bjork-James Sophie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWithin the broad interdisciplinary domain of religious studies, explicit attention to whiteness remains limited. Not only does this situation reinforce an analytic division between race and religion, it also works to obscure the racial dimensions of dominant Western forms of religion, particularly Protestant Christianity in the United States, as well as the religious dimensions of white supremacy. Tracing the contours of a body of scholarship on whiteness and religion that has been scattered across a number of fields and disciplinary boundaries, this article explores the role that the racial category of whiteness has played in US religious life and what is gained analytically by exploring the co-imbrication of whiteness and religion. Given persisting racial inequality and white extremism, we argue that whiteness itself needs to be theorized and discussed within the study of religion in ways that do not shy away from explicit discussions of power and racism.
AACC Guidance Document on Biotin Interference in Laboratory Tests
Authors: Li Danni , Ferguson Angela , Cervinski Mark A , Lynch Kara L , Kyle Patrick B 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Laboratory tests that use streptavidin–biotin binding mechanisms have the potential to be affected by high circulating biotin concentrations, which would produce positive and negative interference in biotinylated competitive and noncompetitive (sandwich) immunoassays, respectively. Consumption of high-dose biotin supplements for cosmetic or health-related reasons has drawn attention to biotin interference in clinical laboratory tests. Case reports and in vivo studies show that ingestion of supplemental biotin can cause clinically significant errors in select biotinylated immunoassays.

Content
This AACC Academy document is intended to provide guidance to laboratorians and clinicians for preventing, identifying, and dealing with biotin interference. In vivo and in vitro spiking studies have demonstrated that biotin concentrations required to cause interference vary by test and by manufacturer. This document includes discussion of biotin’s mechanisms for interference in immunoassays, pharmacokinetics, and results of in vitro and in vivo studies and cites examples of assays known to be affected by high biotin concentrations. This document also provides guidance recommendations intended to assist laboratories and clinicians in identifying and addressing biotin interference in laboratory testing.

Summary
The recent increase in the use of high-dose biotin supplements requires laboratorians and clinicians to be mindful of the potential for biotin interference in biotinylated immunoassay-based laboratory tests. Laboratories, clinicians, regulators, and patients should work together to ensure accurate laboratory results. Laboratories have several options for identifying suspected biotin interference in specimens. Alternatively, the relatively fast elimination of biotin allows the potential for rapid follow-up specimen analysis if necessary.