bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solving Her Problems? Beyond the Seductive Appeal of Specialist Problem-Solving Courts for Women Offenders in England and Wales
Authors: BIRKETT GEMMA 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAt the nexus of the social and penal policy fields, problem-solving justice promises to punish offenders while working to address the complex issues that drive their law-breaking behaviour. Appealing to the left and right due to its dual focus on pragmatism and welfarism, the concept has floated in and out of political fashion for the past two decades. Recent years have heralded a renewed political interest in the approach, closely aligned to the Conservative government’s commitment to ‘transforming justice’. With a focus on empowerment and collaboration, the problem-solving model has much to offer women offenders in particular. Drawing on data from a large-scale study into the sentencing and punishment of women under the new probation arrangements, this article reveals a divergence of views on gender-specific courts among sentencers, probation officers and third sector workers. Moral concerns about up-tariffing sit alongside the practical barriers of government bureaucracy and hindering legislation. With data pertaining to effectiveness (rather than potential) still required, this article argues that specialist problem-solving courts for women present a risky strategy, however seductive their promise.
Risk factors for adverse events within one year after atrial septal closure in children: a retrospective follow-up study
Authors: Tanghöj Gustaf , Liuba Petru , Sjöberg Gunnar , Naumburg Estelle 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroduction:Secundum atrial septal defect is one of the most common congenital heart defects. Previous paediatric studies have mainly addressed echocardiographic and few clinical factors among children associated with adverse events. The aim of this study was to identify neonatal and other clinical risk factors associated with adverse events up to one year after closure of atrial septal defect.Methods:This retrospective case–control study includes children born in Sweden between 2000 and 2014 that were treated surgically or percutaneously for an atrial septal defect. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between major and minor adverse events and potential risk factors, adjusting for confounding factors including prematurity, neonatal sepsis, neonatal general ventilatory support, symptomatic atrial septal defects, and pulmonary hypertension.Results:Overall, 396 children with 400 atrial septal defect closures were included. The median body weight at closure was 14.5 (3.5–110) kg, and the median age was 3.0 (0.1–17.8) years. Overall, 110 minor adverse events and 68 major events were recorded in 87 and 49 children, respectively. Only symptomatic atrial septal defects were associated with both minor (odds ratio (OR) = 2.18, confidence interval (CI) 95% 1.05–8.06) and major (OR = 2.80 CI 95% 1.23–6.37) adverse events.Conclusion:There was no association between the investigated neonatal comorbidities and major or minor events after atrial septal defect closure. Patients with symptomatic atrial septal defects had a two to four times increased risk of having a major event, suggesting careful management and follow-up of these children prior to and after closure.
Social determinants, lifestyle and diet quality: a population-based study from the 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Mello Aline Veroneze de , Pereira Jaqueline Lopes , Leme Ana Carolina Barco , Goldbaum Moises , Cesar Chester Luiz Galvao , Fisberg Regina Mara 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjective:To investigate the association among social determinants, lifestyle variables and diet quality in São Paulo, Brazil.Design:Cross-sectional study, 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo (Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo (2015 ISA-Capital)) with Focus on Nutrition Study (2015 ISA-Nutrition).Setting:Population-based study, with a representative sample of adults living in São Paulo, Brazil.Participants:Adults (aged 20–59 years, n 643) and older adults (aged ≥60 years, n 545).Results:We observed differences in the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) by education, income, occupation, sex and race. Whole grains (0·63 points, 12·6 % of the maximum score), sodium (2·50 points, 25·0 %) and solid fat, alcohol and added sugars (9·28 points, 46·4 %) components had the lowest BHEI-R scores. Factors positively associated with diet quality included the presence of one disease or more (e.g. diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, hypercholesterolaemia: β = 0·636, P < 0·001), income (middle income: β = 0·478, P < 0·001; high income: β = 0·966, P < 0·001) and occupation (other: β = 1·418, P < 0·001). Energy (β = –0·001, P < 0·001), alcohol consumption (β = –0·207, P = 0·027), education level (middle education: β = –0·975, P < 0·001; high education: β = –1·376, P < 0·001), races other than white (β = –0·366, P < 0·001) and being unemployed (β = –0·369, P < 0·046) were negatively associated with diet quality.Conclusions:Groups affected by socio-economic inequalities need better diet quality. Governmental actions should be implemented to reduce the consumption of energy-dense and sodium-rich foods, facilitate access and information on healthy eating, and conduct nutritional education.
A scoping review of ‘big data’, ‘informatics’, and ‘bioinformatics’ in the animal health and veterinary medical literature
Authors: Ouyang Zenhwa , Sargeant Jan , Thomas Alison , Wycherley Kate , Ma Rebecca , Esmaeilbeigi Rosa , Versluis Ali , Stacey Deborah , Stone Elizabeth , Poljak Zvonimir , Bernardo Theresa M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractResearch in big data, informatics, and bioinformatics has grown dramatically (Andreu-Perez J, et al., 2015, IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 19, 1193–1208). Advances in gene sequencing technologies, surveillance systems, and electronic medical records have increased the amount of health data available. Unconventional data sources such as social media, wearable sensors, and internet search engine activity have also contributed to the influx of health data. The purpose of this study was to describe how ‘big data’, ‘informatics’, and ‘bioinformatics’ have been used in the animal health and veterinary medical literature and to map and chart publications using these terms through time. A scoping review methodology was used. A literature search of the terms ‘big data’, ‘informatics’, and ‘bioinformatics’ was conducted in the context of animal health and veterinary medicine. Relevance screening on abstract and full-text was conducted sequentially. In order for articles to be relevant, they must have used the words ‘big data’, ‘informatics’, or ‘bioinformatics’ in the title or abstract and full-text and have dealt with one of the major animal species encountered in veterinary medicine. Data items collected for all relevant articles included species, geographic region, first author affiliation, and journal of publication. The study level, study type, and data sources were collected for primary studies. After relevance screening, 1093 were classified. While there was a steady increase in ‘bioinformatics’ articles between 1995 and the end of the study period, ‘informatics’ articles reached their peak in 2012, then declined. The first ‘big data’ publication in animal health and veterinary medicine was in 2012. While few articles used the term ‘big data’ (n = 14), recent growth in ‘big data’ articles was observed. All geographic regions produced publications in ‘informatics’ and ‘bioinformatics’ while only North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia/Oceania produced publications about ‘big data’. ‘Bioinformatics’ primary studies tended to use genetic data and tended to be conducted at the genetic level. In contrast, ‘informatics’ primary studies tended to use non-genetic data sources and conducted at an organismal level. The rapidly evolving definition of ‘big data’ may lead to avoidance of the term.
The Magnitude of Surface Ocean Acidification and Carbon Release During Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM‐2) and the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM)
Authors: Harper D. T. , Hönisch B. , Zeebe R. E. , Shaffer G. , Haynes L. L. , Thomas E. , Zachos J. C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM‐2; 54.1 Ma) was the second largest Eocene hyperthermal. Like the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), ETM‐2 was characterized by massive carbon emissions and several degrees of global warming and thus can serve as a case study for assessing the impacts of rapid CO2 emissions on ocean carbonate chemistry, biota, and climate. Marine carbonate records of ETM‐2 are better preserved than those of the PETM due to more subdued carbonate dissolution. As yet, however, the magnitude of this carbon cycle perturbation has not been well constrained. Here, we present the first records of surface ocean acidification for ETM‐2, based on stable boron isotope records in mixed‐layer planktic foraminifera from two midlatitude ODP sites (1210 in the North Pacific and 1265 in the SE Atlantic), which indicate conservative minimum global sea surface acidification of −0.20 +0.12/−0.13 pH units. Using these estimates of pH and temperature as constraints on carbon cycle model simulations, we conclude that the total mass of C, released over a period of 15 to 25 kyr during ETM‐2, likely ranged from 2,600 to 3,800 Gt C, which is greater than previously estimated on the basis of other observations (i.e., stable carbon isotopes and carbonate compensation depth) alone.
Identifying Critical Input Parameters for Improving Drag‐Based CME Arrival Time Predictions
Authors: Kay C. , Mays M. L. , Verbeke C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCoronal mass ejections (CMEs) typically cause the strongest geomagnetic storms, so a major focus of space weather research has been predicting the arrival time of CMEs. Most arrival time models fall into two categories: (1) drag‐based models that integrate the drag force between a simplified CME structure and the background solar wind and (2) full magnetohydrodynamic models. Drag‐based models typically are much more computationally efficient than magnetohydrodynamic models, allowing for ensemble modeling. While arrival time predictions have improved since the earliest attempts, both types of models currently have difficulty achieving mean absolute errors below 10 hr. Here we use a drag‐based model ANTEATR (Another Type of Ensemble Arrival Time Results) to explore the sensitivity of arrival times to various input parameters. We consider CMEs of different strengths from average to extreme size, speed, and mass (kinetic energies between
and
erg). For each scale CME, we vary the input parameters to reflect the current observational uncertainty in each and determine how accurately each must be known to achieve predictions that are accurate within 5 hr. We find that different scale CMEs are the most sensitive to different parameters. The transit time of average strength CMEs depends most strongly on the CME speed, whereas an extreme strength CME is the most sensitive to the angular width. A precise CME direction is critical for impacts near the flanks but not near the CME nose. We also show that the Drag‐Based Model has similar sensitivities, suggesting that these results are representative for all drag‐based models.
TLR5: A prognostic and monitoring indicator for triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Shi Dai , Zhao Shanshan , Jiang Wen , Zhang Chao , Liang Ting , Hou Guihua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA novel, highly selective biomarker is urgently needed to predict and monitor triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) because targeting molecules are not currently available. Although associated with various malignant tumors, the role of toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) in TNBC remains uncertain. We aimed to define the effects of TLR5 in TNBC to determine whether it could serve as a prognostic and monitoring indicator for TNBC. We established TNBC cell line 4T1 with low TLR5 expression (GFP tag; TLR5−4T1) and with normal TLR5 expression (GFP tag; TLR5+4T1) using lentivirus-shRNA-TLR5 knockdown transfection and negative lentivirus transfection, respectively. Detected by western blot and qPCR, we found knockdown of TLR5 resulted in decreased expression of TLR5 and E-cadherin and increased expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, fibronectin, TRAF6, SOX2, and Twist1, which were related to EMT (epithelial–mesenchymal transition). In addition, downregulation of TLR5 increased the invasion and migration of 4T1 cells in vitro, which were investigated by CCK-8 and wound healing, as well as transwell assay and colony formation. Furthermore, the metastatic ability of TLR5−4T1 cells to the lungs was also increased compared to TLR5+4T1 cells in vivo. To verify the effect of TLR5 as a monitor indicator, mice bearing TLR5+and TLR5−4T1 tumors injected with125I-anti-TLR5 mAb or isotype125I-IgG were assessed by whole body phosphor-autoradiography and fluorescence imaging in vivo. Phosphor-autoradiography of model mice revealed early tumors at 6 days after inoculation with TLR5+4T1, but not TLR5−4T1 cells. Intratumoral accumulation of radioactivity positively correlated with TLR5 expression, and fluorescence imaging in vivo revealed both TLR5+and TLR5−4T1 tumors. Our results suggested that downregulation of TLR5 in TNBC increased tumor invasiveness and EMT expression via TRAF6 and SOX2 pathway and TLR5 could serve as a prognostic and monitoring indicator for TLR5-positive tumors.
The apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) genome elucidates Rosaceae evolution and beta-carotenoid synthesis
Authors: Jiang Fengchao , Zhang Junhuan , Wang Sen , Yang Li , Luo Yingfeng , Gao Shenghan , Zhang Meiling , Wu Shuangyang , Hu Songnian , Sun Haoyuan , Wang Yuzhu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractApricots, scientifically known asPrunus armeniacaL, are drupes that resemble and are closely related to peaches or plums. As one of the top consumed fruits, apricots are widely grown worldwide except in Antarctica. A high-quality reference genome for apricot is still unavailable, which has become a handicap that has dramatically limited the elucidation of the associations of phenotypes with the genetic background, evolutionary diversity, and population diversity in apricot. DNA fromP. armeniacawas used to generate a standard, size-selected library with an average DNA fragment size of ~20 kb. The library was run on Sequel SMRT Cells, generating a total of 16.54 Gb of PacBio subreads (N50 = 13.55 kb). The high-qualityP. armeniacareference genome presented here was assembled using long-read single-molecule sequencing at approximately 70× coverage and 171× Illumina reads (40.46 Gb), combined with a genetic map for chromosome scaffolding. The assembled genome size was 221.9 Mb, with a contig NG50 size of 1.02 Mb. Scaffolds covering 92.88% of the assembled genome were anchored on eight chromosomes. Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs analysis showed 98.0% complete genes. We predicted 30,436 protein-coding genes, and 38.28% of the genome was predicted to be repetitive. We found 981 contracted gene families, 1324 expanded gene families and 2300 apricot-specific genes. The differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis indicated that a change in the expression of the 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) gene but not lycopene beta-cyclase (LcyB) gene results in a low β-carotenoid content in the white cultivar “Dabaixing”. This complete and highly contiguousP. armeniacareference genome will be of help for future studies of resistance toplum pox virus(PPV) and the identification and characterization of important agronomic genes and breeding strategies in apricot.
Hippocampal clock regulates memory retrieval via Dopamine and PKA-induced GluA1 phosphorylation
Authors: Hasegawa Shunsuke , Fukushima Hotaka , Hosoda Hiroshi , Serita Tatsurou , Ishikawa Rie , Rokukawa Tomohiro , Kawahara-Miki Ryouka , Zhang Yue , Ohta Miho , Okada Shintaro , Tanimizu Toshiyuki , Josselyn Sheena A. , Frankland Paul W. , Kida Satoshi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCognitive performance in people varies according to time-of-day, with memory retrieval declining in the late afternoon-early evening. However, functional roles of local brain circadian clocks in memory performance remains unclear. Here, we show that hippocampal clock controlled by the circadian-dependent transcription factor BMAL1 regulates time-of-day retrieval profile. Inducible transgenic dominant negative BMAL1 (dnBMAL1) expression in mouse forebrain or hippocampus disrupted retrieval of hippocampal memories at Zeitgeber Time 8–12, independently of retention delay, encoding time and Zeitgeber entrainment cue. This altered retrieval profile was associated with downregulation of hippocampal Dopamine-cAMP signaling in dnBMAL1 mice. These changes included decreases in Dopamine Receptors (D1-R and D5-R) and GluA1-S845 phosphorylation by PKA. Consistently, pharmacological activation of cAMP-signals or D1/5Rs rescued impaired retrieval in dnBMAL1 mice. Importantly, GluA1 S845A knock-in mice showed similar retrieval deficits with dnBMAL1 mice. Our findings suggest mechanisms underlying regulation of retrieval by hippocampal clock through D1/5R-cAMP-PKA-mediated GluA1 phosphorylation.
MLL-AF9 initiates transformation from fast-proliferating myeloid progenitors
Authors: Chen Xinyue , Burkhardt Daniel B. , Hartman Amaleah A. , Hu Xiao , Eastman Anna E. , Sun Chao , Wang Xujun , Zhong Mei , Krishnaswamy Smita , Guo Shangqin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCancer is a hyper-proliferative disease. Whether the proliferative state originates from the cell-of-origin or emerges later remains difficult to resolve. By tracking de novo transformation from normal hematopoietic progenitors expressing an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) oncogene MLL-AF9, we reveal that the cell cycle rate heterogeneity among granulocyte–macrophage progenitors (GMPs) determines their probability of transformation. A fast cell cycle intrinsic to these progenitors provide permissiveness for transformation, with the fastest cycling 3% GMPs acquiring malignancy with near certainty. Molecularly, we propose that MLL-AF9 preserves gene expression of the cellular states in which it is expressed. As such, when expressed in the naturally-existing, rapidly-cycling immature myeloid progenitors, this cell state becomes perpetuated, yielding malignancy. In humans, high CCND1 expression predicts worse prognosis for MLL fusion AMLs. Our work elucidates one of the earliest steps toward malignancy and suggests that modifying the cycling state of the cell-of-origin could be a preventative approach against malignancy.
Blood transcriptome profile induced by an efficacious vaccine formulated with salivary antigens from cattle ticks
Authors: Maruyama Sandra R. , Carvalho Benilton , González-Porta Mar , Rung Johan , Brazma Alvis , Gustavo Gardinassi Luiz , Ferreira Beatriz R. , Banin Tamy M. , Veríssimo Cecília J. , Katiki Luciana M. , de Miranda-Santos Isabel K. F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTicks cause massive damage to livestock and vaccines are one sustainable alternative for the acaricide poisons currently heavily used to control infestations. An experimental vaccine adjuvanted with alum and composed by four recombinant salivary antigens mined with reverse vaccinology from a transcriptome of salivary glands from Rhipicephalus microplus ticks was previously shown to present an overall efficacy of 73.2% and cause a significant decrease of tick loads in artificially tick-infested, immunized heifers; this decrease was accompanied by increased levels of antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies, which were boosted during a challenge infestation. In order to gain insights into the systemic effects induced by the vaccine and by the tick challenge we now report the gene expression profile of these hosts’ whole-blood leukocytes with RNA-seq followed by functional analyses. These analyses show that vaccination induced unique responses to infestations; genes upregulated in the comparisons were enriched for processes associated with chemotaxis, cell adhesion, T-cell responses and wound repair. Blood transcriptional modules were enriched for activation of dendritic cells, cell cycle, phosphatidylinositol signaling, and platelets. Together, the results indicate that by neutralizing the tick’s salivary mediators of parasitism with vaccine-induced antibodies, the bovine host is able to mount normal homeostatic responses that hinder tick attachment and haematophagy and that the tick otherwise suppresses with its saliva.
The water lily genome and the early evolution of flowering plants
Authors: Zhang Liangsheng , Chen Fei , Zhang Xingtan , Li Zhen , Zhao Yiyong , Lohaus Rolf , Chang Xiaojun , Dong Wei , Ho Simon Y. W. , Liu Xing , Song Aixia , Chen Junhao , Guo Wenlei , Wang Zhengjia , Zhuang Yingyu , Wang Haifeng , Chen Xuequn , Hu Juan , Liu Yanhui , Qin Yuan , Wang Kai , Dong Shanshan , Liu Yang , Zhang Shouzhou , Yu Xianxian , Wu Qian , Wang Liangsheng , Yan Xueqing , Jiao Yuannian , Kong Hongzhi , Zhou Xiaofan , Yu Cuiwei , Chen Yuchu , Li Fan , Wang Jihua , Chen Wei , Chen Xinlu , Jia Qidong , Zhang Chi , Jiang Yifan , Zhang Wanbo , Liu Guanhua , Fu Jianyu , Chen Feng , Ma Hong , Van de Peer Yves , Tang Haibao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWater lilies belong to the angiosperm order Nymphaeales. Amborellales, Nymphaeales and Austrobaileyales together form the so-called ANA-grade of angiosperms, which are extant representatives of lineages that diverged the earliest from the lineage leading to the extant mesangiosperms1–3. Here we report the 409-megabase genome sequence of the blue-petal water lily (Nymphaea colorata). Our phylogenomic analyses support Amborellales and Nymphaeales as successive sister lineages to all other extant angiosperms. The N. colorata genome and 19 other water lily transcriptomes reveal a Nymphaealean whole-genome duplication event, which is shared by Nymphaeaceae and possibly Cabombaceae. Among the genes retained from this whole-genome duplication are homologues of genes that regulate flowering transition and flower development. The broad expression of homologues of floral ABCE genes in N. colorata might support a similarly broadly active ancestral ABCE model of floral organ determination in early angiosperms. Water lilies have evolved attractive floral scents and colours, which are features shared with mesangiosperms, and we identified their putative biosynthetic genes in N. colorata. The chemical compounds and biosynthetic genes behind floral scents suggest that they have evolved in parallel to those in mesangiosperms. Because of its unique phylogenetic position, the N. colorata genome sheds light on the early evolution of angiosperms.