bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Toll‐like receptor 4 on depressive‐like behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress
Authors: Zhang Ke , Lin Wenjuan , Zhang Juntao , Zhao Yawei , Wang Xiaqing , Zhao Mei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionA growing body of evidence suggests that stress is an important factor in depression, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines contribute to the occurrence and development of depression in both animal models and human patients. Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been shown to be a key innate immune pattern recognition receptor involved in the regulation of stress responses and inflammation. However, the exact effects of TLR4 on depressive‐like behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) are not known.MethodsIn this study, the effects of TLR4 on depressive‐like behaviors were investigated in an animal model of depression induced by CSDS. The depressive‐like behaviors were assessed by forced swimming test (FST), social interaction test (SIT), and light–dark box test (LDT). The protein expressions of TLR4 and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) in the hippocampus were measured using Western blotting.ResultsWe found that CSDS increased TLR4 protein levels in the hippocampus and induced behavioral despair in FST, social avoidance in SIT, and anxiety‐like behavior in LDT. Fluoxetine normalized the increased expression of TLR4 and reversed behavioral despair, social avoidance, as well as anxiety‐like behavior induced by CSDS. However, directly blocking TLR4, by using either TLR4 inhibitor TAK‐242 or knockout of TLR4, only inhibited behavioral despair, but not social avoidance or anxiety‐like behavior induced by CSDS.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate a specific modulating role of TLR4 in behavioral despair induced by CSDS and suggest that TAK‐242 may be a beneficial treatment for patients with behavioral despair.
The impact of competition on vertical integration: The role of technological niche width
Authors: Khurshid Faisal , Park Woo‐Yong , Chan Felix T. S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite there being numerous studies exploring the relationship between competition and vertical integration, the empirical findings regarding the nature of this relationship are still unclear. The current study suggests that technological niche width mediates the relationship between competition and vertical integration. It also suggests that technological niche width and vertical integration play a complementary role in enhancing firm performance. These arguments have found empirical support in the examination of the U.S. hybrid electric vehicle market from 2008 to 2016. In so doing, this study provides an opportunity to better understand the relationship between competition, vertical integration, and technological niche width. In addition, it explains how firms can effectively manage fierce competition and achieve the goal of superior performance through strategic decisions regarding vertical integration and technological niche width.
Microfoundations of dynamic capabilities: Insights from circular economy business cases
Authors: Khan Owais , Daddi Tiberio , Iraldo Fabio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCircular economy is a key strategy to achieve corporate sustainability. However, so far, most firms are unable to translate the concept of circular economy into their corporate strategies, business models, and operations. Some scholars have argued that firms need to develop new (and dynamic) capabilities for circular economy implementation. Yet there is a little discussion on how firms can develop such capabilities. Notably, there is a paucity of research on specific skills, processes, and organizational activities (microfoundations of dynamic capabilities) that may facilitate circular economy implementation. To address this knowledge gap, using a multiple‐case studies approach, we explore microfoundations of dynamic capabilities in successful circular economy business cases. Our findings indicate that dynamic capabilities positively contribute to circular economy implementation. Our case studies show that case firms identified circular economy opportunities by using four microfoundations of sensing capability. Further, case firms acted on the identified opportunities by using simultaneously three microfoundations of seizing capability and four microfoundations of reconfiguring capability. This paper contributes to the literature on the relations between dynamic capabilities and corporate sustainability by providing insights on how sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring dynamic capabilities act in successful operationalization of circular economy strategies.
The impact of squamous cell carcinoma histology on outcomes in nonmetastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Gruhl Joshua D. , Garrido‐Laguna Ignacio , Francis Samual R. , Affolter Kajsa , Tao Randa , Lloyd Shane 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis for nonmetastatic, primary pancreatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is thought to be poor compared with adenocarcinoma (AC); however, this is based on limited data. Additionally, the optimal definitive treatment strategy for nonmetastatic pancreatic SCC is unknown.MethodsWe analyzed patients with nonmetastatic pancreatic cancer using the National Cancer Database for patients diagnosed from 2006 to 2014. Patients were analyzed according to histology—only AC, adenosquamous carcinoma (A‐SCC), and SCC were included. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) from the time of diagnosis.ResultsA total of 94 928 cases were included; 94 016 AC, 757 A‐SCC, and 155 SCC. Median OS was lower for SCC (8.67 months), compared to AC (13.93 months) and A‐SCC (12.71 months, P < .001). SCC was resected less often (25.5% vs 46.7% and 74.5%). On subgroup analysis of patients with pancreatic SCC, factors on multivariate analysis associated with improved survival included surgery (HR 0.19, P < .001), and chemotherapy (HR 0.22, P = .01). In 38 patients with SCC undergoing surgical resection, median OS improved (MS = 6.8 months without surgery vs 21.3 months with surgery, P < .001).ConclusionsNonmetastatic pancreatic SCC presents with more advanced disease, which is less often surgically resected or treated with any definitive local therapy. In contrast, AC and A‐SCC behave more similarly and have higher surgical resection rates and improved survival. In patients with nonmetastatic SCC of the pancreas, surgical resection provides the most significant survival benefit, with systemic chemotherapy providing a less significant benefit, and localized radiation providing no statistical benefit for any subgroup.
Novel N‐Acyl‐1H‐imidazole‐1‐carbothioamides: Design, Synthesis, Biological and Computational Studies
Authors: Aziz Hamid , Saeed Aamer , Khan Muhammad Aslam , Afridi Shakeeb , Jabeen Farukh , Ashfaq‐ur‐Rehman  , Hashim Muhammad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present study reports the convenient synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, bio‐assays and computational evaluation of a novel series of N‐acyl‐1H‐imidazole‐1‐carbothioamides. The screened derivatives displayed excellent antioxidant activity, moderate antibacterial and antifungal potential. The screened derivatives were found to be highly biocompatible against hRBCs. Molecular docking ascertained the mechanism and mode of action towards the molecular target delineating that ligands and complexes were stabilized at the active site by electrostatic and hydrophobic forces in accordance to the corresponding experimental results. Docking simulation provided additional information about the possibilities of inhibitory potential of the compounds against RNA. Computational evaluation predicted that N‐acyl‐1H‐imidazole‐1‐carbothioamides 5c and 5g can serve as potential surrogates for hit to lead generation and design of novel antioxidant and antibacterial agents.
Concomitant acute interstitial nephritis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia induced by omeprazole
Authors: Sharma Neetu , Ip Randy , Hadid Tarik 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProton pump inhibitors (PPI)—induced acute interstitial nephritis and autoimmune hemolytic anemia can occur concomitantly, which should prompt discontinuation of PPI. PPI should wisely be prescribed and discontinued when no longer needed.
[2+2] Photodimerization of Stilbazoles Promoted by Oxalic Acid in Suspension
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Binh , Nguyen Tuan Minh , Retailleau Pascal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, a very simple technique to perform efficiently photodimerization of some vinylpyridines is reported. By irradiating a stirred mixture of several stilbazoles with solid oxalic acid dihydrate dispersed in a nonpolar (i.e., cyclohexane) or moderately polar (benzene, dichloromethane, dioxane) solvent, the corresponding dimeric cyclobutane adducts were obtained in high yields and excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivities. The strategy could also be applied successfully to oily, waxy, or even insoluble stilbazoles. Moreover, the oxalic acid loading could be lowered to substoichiometric amounts. When further optimizations were needed, our strategy was found to be highly flexible to identify other oligocarboxylic acids as alternative additives to improve, or even overturn, the regioselectivity. Oxalic acid and other oligocarboxylic acids were found to be capable of orienting more than 50 stilbazoles toward photodimerization under these conditions.
CD304/neuropilin‐1 is a very useful and dependable marker for the measurable residual disease assessment of B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Gudapati Pratyusha , Khanka Twinkle , Chatterjee Gaurav , Ghogale Sitaram , Badrinath Yajamanam , Deshpande Nilesh , Patil Jagruti , Narula Gaurav , Shetty Dhanalaxmi , Banavali Shripad , Patkar Nikhil V. , Gujral Sumeet , Subramanian Papagudi G. , Tembhare Prashant R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMeasurable residual disease (MRD) assessment using multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) has become the center point of pediatric B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP‐ALL) risk stratification and therapeutic management. The addition of new markers can improve the accuracy and applicability of MFC‐based MRD assay further. Herein, we evaluated the utility of a new marker, CD304/neuropilin‐1, in the assessment of MFC‐based MRD.MethodsExpression patterns of CD304 were studied in leukemic blasts from BCP‐ALL patients and in normal precursor B cells (NPBC) from uninvolved non‐BCP‐ALL bone marrow samples using 10‐color MFC. MRD was monitored at end‐of‐induction (EOI; Days 35–40) and end‐of‐consolidation (Day 78–80) time points.ResultsWe studied CD304 expression in 300 pediatric BCP‐ALL patients and found it positive in BCP‐ALL blasts in 41.7% of diagnostic samples. It was significantly associated with ETV6‐RUNX1 (p < .001) as well as BCR‐ABL1 (p = .019) and inversely associated with TCF3‐PBX1 fusion gene (p = .0012). It was found clearly negative in NPBC. EOI‐MRD was detectable in 152/300 (50.7%; ≥0.01% in 35.33% and <0.01% in 15.33%) samples, in which CD304 was positive in 72/152 (47.4%) diagnostic and 63/152 (41.4%) MRD samples. It was positive in 45.7% (21/46) of low‐level (<0.01%) MRD samples. In comparison with diagnostic samples, its expression was retained in 68.06% (49/72), lost in 31.94% (23/72), and gained in 14/80 (17.5%) of EOI‐MRD samples.ConclusionsCD304 is commonly expressed in leukemic blasts of BCP‐ALL. It is very useful in distinguishing residual disease from hematogones and is a fairly dependable marker. Hence, it is a valuable addition for enhancing the sensitivity and applicability of MFC‐based MRD assay in BCP‐ALL.
Identification and characterization of chemically masked derivatives of pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, methamphetamine, and MDMA
Authors: Mayer Alexandra , Copp Brent , Bogun Ben , Miskelly Gordon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe emergence of chemically masked illicit drugs represents a challenge to global initiatives that are working to prevent their manufacture and distribution. Targeted analytical techniques currently used by law enforcement to identify unknown materials rely on spectroscopic and spectrophotometric databases that do not currently include some of these compounds, making their identification challenging. This study aimed to update compound spectral libraries to aid in the rapid detection and identification of these masked drugs, as well as to provide insight into their synthetic procedures. Five commonly employed protecting groups, acetyl, p‐tosyl, methoxycarbonyl, Fmoc, and t‐Boc, were appended to pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, methamphetamine, and MDMA. Characterization was carried out using NMR, GC‐MS, FTIR, high‐resolution LC‐MS/MS, and common screening color tests. Some of the methoxycarbonyl and t‐Boc derivatives and all of the Fmoc derivatives showed partial or full thermal degradation or rearrangement during GC‐MS analysis, while LC‐MS/MS analysis did not always show characteristic fragmentation that would allow unambiguous assignment of the structure. Restricted rotation in some of the derivatives meant that NMR assignments could only be made using NMR spectra acquired at elevated temperature. Therefore, GC‐MS and LC‐MS/MS analyses serve complementary roles for these derivatives, with NMR providing confirmation of structure for the pure materials if necessary.
Disparities in self‐reported eating disorders and academic impairment in sexual and gender minority college students relative to their heterosexual and cisgender peers
Authors: Simone Melissa , Askew Autumn , Lust Katherine , Eisenberg Marla E. , Pisetsky Emily M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the current study was threefold: (a) compare rates of self‐reported anorexia nervosa (AN), self‐reported bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating pathology‐specific academic impairment (EAI) by gender identity (cisgender men, cisgender women, transgender or genderqueer) and sexual orientation (gay or lesbian, bisexual, unsure, other), (b) examine associations between gender identity, sexual orientation, and eating outcomes, and (c) identify for whom rates of eating disorder diagnosis and impairment is greatest.MethodThe study includes a sample of Minnesota students (n = 13,906) who participated in the College Student Health Survey from 2015 to 2018. Chi‐square tests with bootstrapping examined differences in eating pathology rates between groups. Adjusted logistic regressions tested the association between gender identity, sexual orientation, and self‐reported eating outcomes.ResultsChi‐square results revealed heightened rates of self‐reported AN, self‐reported BN, and EAI in cisgender women, transgender or genderqueer, and sexual minority (e.g., lesbian or bisexual) students. Logistic regression analyses in cisgender men and cisgender women revealed higher odds of self‐reported AN, self‐reported BN, and EAI in sexual minority students relative their heterosexual peers. Chi‐square analyses indicated that bisexual cisgender women reported heightened rates of all three eating pathology measures relative to other sexual and/or gender (e.g., transgender) minority students.DiscussionIndividuals with marginalized gender and/or sexual orientation identities report heightened rates of eating pathology, with cisgender bisexual women reporting the poorest outcomes relative to individuals from other marginalized identities. Preventive efforts and more research are needed to understand the mechanisms driving this disparity and to reduce prevalence among marginalized groups.
RAPTURE (RAD capture) panel facilitates analyses characterizing sea lamprey reproductive ecology and movement dynamics
Authors: Sard Nicholas M. , Smith Seth R. , Homola Jared J. , Kanefsky Jeannette , Bravener Gale , Adams Jean V. , Holbrook Christopher M. , Hrodey Peter J. , Tallon Kevin , Scribner Kim T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGenomic tools are lacking for invasive and native populations of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). Our objective was to discover single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to conduct pedigree analyses to quantify reproductive contributions of adult sea lampreys and dispersion of sibling larval sea lampreys of different ages in Great Lakes tributaries. Additional applications of data were explored using additional geographically expansive samples. We used restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐Seq) to discover genetic variation in Duffins Creek (DC), Ontario, Canada, and the St. Clair River (SCR), Michigan, USA. We subsequently developed RAD capture baits to genotype 3,446 RAD loci that contained 11,970 SNPs. Based on RAD capture assays, estimates of variance in SNP allele frequency among five Great Lakes tributary populations (mean FST 0.008; range 0.00–0.018) were concordant with previous microsatellite‐based studies; however, outlier loci were identified that contributed substantially to spatial population genetic structure. At finer scales within streams, simulations indicated that accuracy in genetic pedigree reconstruction was high when 200 or 500 independent loci were used, even in situations of high spawner abundance (e.g., 1,000 adults). Based on empirical collections of larval sea lamprey genotypes, we found that age‐1 and age‐2 families of full and half‐siblings were widely but nonrandomly distributed within stream reaches sampled. Using the genomic scale set of SNP loci developed in this study, biologists can rapidly genotype sea lamprey in non‐native and native ranges to investigate questions pertaining to population structuring and reproductive ecology at previously unattainable scales.
An elusive endosymbiont: DoesWolbachiaoccur naturally inAedes aegypti?
Authors: Ross Perran A. , Callahan Ashley G. , Yang Qiong , Jasper Moshe , Arif Mohd A. K. , Afizah Ahmad Noor , Nazni Wasi A. , Hoffmann Ary A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWolbachiaare maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria found within many insect species.Aedesmosquitoes experimentally infected withWolbachiaare being released into the field forAedes‐borne disease control. TheseWolbachiainfections induce cytoplasmic incompatibility which is used to suppress populations through incompatible matings or replace populations through the reproductive advantage provided by this mechanism. However, the presence of naturally occurringWolbachiain target populations could interfere with both population replacement and suppression programs depending on the compatibility patterns between strains.Aedes aegyptiwere thought to not harborWolbachianaturally but several recent studies have detectedWolbachiain natural populations of this mosquito. We therefore review the evidence for naturalWolbachiainfections inA. aegyptito date and discuss limitations of these studies. We draw on research from other mosquito species to outline the potential implications of naturalWolbachiainfections inA. aegyptifor disease control. To validate previous reports, we obtained a laboratory population ofA. aegyptifrom New Mexico, USA, that harbors a naturalWolbachiainfection, and we conducted field surveys in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, where a naturalWolbachiainfection has also been reported. However, we were unable to detectWolbachiain both the laboratory and field populations. Because the presence of naturally occurringWolbachiainA. aegypticould have profound implications forWolbachia‐based disease control programs, it is important to continue to accurately assess theWolbachiastatus of targetAedespopulations.
Predictors of sudden cardiac death in high‐risk patients following a myocardial infarction
Authors: Docherty Kieran F. , Ferreira João Pedro , Sharma Abhinav , Girerd Nicolas , Gregson John , Duarte Kevin , Petrie Mark C. , Jhund Pardeep S. , Dickstein Kenneth , Pfeffer Marc A. , Pitt Bertram , Rossignol Patrick , Zannad Faiez , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsTo develop a risk model for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in high‐risk acute myocardial infarction (AMI) survivors.Methods and resultsData from the Effect of Carvedilol on Outcome After Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction trial (CAPRICORN) and the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT) were used to create a SCD risk model (with non‐SCD as a competing risk) in 13 202 patients. The risk model was validated in the Eplerenone Post‐AMI Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study (EPHESUS). The rate of SCD was 3.3 (95% confidence interval 3.0–3.5) per 100 person‐years over a median follow‐up of 2.0 years. Independent predictors of SCD included age > 70 years; heart rate ≥ 70 bpm; smoking; Killip class III/IV; left ventricular ejection fraction ≤30%; atrial fibrillation; history of prior myocardial infarction, heart failure or diabetes; estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2; and no coronary reperfusion or revascularisation therapy for index AMI. The model was well calibrated and showed good discrimination (C‐statistic = 0.72), including in the early period after AMI. The observed 2‐year event rates increased steeply with each quintile of risk score (1.9%, 3.6%, 6.2%, 9.0%, 13.4%, respectively).ConclusionAn easy to use SCD risk score developed from routinely collected clinical variables in patients with heart failure, left ventricular systolic dysfunction or both, early after AMI was superior to left ventricular ejection fraction. This score might be useful in identifying patients for future trials testing treatments to prevent SCD early after AMI.
A Fast and Green Extraction Method for Berry Seed Lipid Extraction Using CO2 Expanded Ethanol Combined with Sonication
Authors: Al‐Hamimi Said , Turner Charlotta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, a combination of sonication and carbon dioxide expanded liquid extraction (SA‐CXLE) is used for the first time for the extraction of lipids from berry seeds. Three solvents (ethanol, methanol and ethyl lactate) are screened for the best recoveries of total lipids. Ethanol is selected due to its efficiency, greenness and sustainability. The effects of operation variables including temperature, time and CO2 molar fraction on extraction performance are examined using a response surface methodology. The optimum conditions were found at 0.37 molar fraction of CO2 in ethanol, a temperature of 52 °C and an extraction time of 7 min for two cycles. The SA‐CXLE method extracts 323 ± 38 mg g−1 seed compared to 194 ± 23 using a conventional solid‐liquid extraction. SA‐CXLE is successfully applied to profile lipids from gooseberry, blackcurrant, chokeberry, red currant, and rowanberry seeds. More than 17 lipid classes are characterized and identified. Gooseberry shows the highest amount of oil of 352 mg g−1 seed.Practical Applications: The developed method provides a fast, efficient and simple approach to extract and profile lipids using a combination of green solvents. Total lipid content and fatty acids composition of the berry seeds are essential information in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and nutritional applications.