bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual red cells in blood components: A multisite study of fully automated enumeration using a hematology analyzer
Authors: Cavagnetto Chloe , Alejo Blanco Richard , McKenna Hollie , Willmott Laura , Aydogdu Elif , Akinyemi Nicola , Standring Helena , Procter Simon , Lagerberg Johan W. , Johansson Elin , Croxon Harry , de Korte Dirk , Garner Stephen F. , Shirakami Atsushi , Saker Jarob , Linssen Joachim , Cardigan Rebecca 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundManufacture of platelet concentrates (PCs) and plasma may fail to remove all residual red blood cells (rRBCs). Measuring rRBCs for compliance to guidelines has proven challenging, leading to an absence of a consensus methodology. Sysmex hematology analyzers with the Blood Bank mode (BB mode) analysis option offer the potential for automated rRBC counting. We therefore performed a two‐site appraisal of the system.Study Design and MethodsPerformance characteristics were determined using platelet and plasma samples spiked with RBCs. Sample stability (n = 47) and the impact of sample type were also assessed. Components (platelets, n = 1474; plasma, n = 77) prepared using different routine manufacturing methods were tested to assess variation in rRBC concentration.ResultsLinearity studies up to 19 000 RBCs/μL demonstrated good correlation between expected and observed results (R2 ≥ 0.9731), and flow cytometric results also correlated well with BB mode (R2 = 0.9400). Precision analysis gave a limit of quantitation of 6 to 7 RBCs/μL, and carryover was 0.03%. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and plain tube results were not significantly different (P ≥ 0.10), and samples were stable up to 24 hours. Apheresis PCs produced at two sites had lower rRBC concentrations (medians, 17 and 13 RBCs/μL) than those produced with the buffy coat method either manually (median, 681 RBCs/μL) or with the automated Terumo Automated Centrifuge and Separator Integration process (median, 81 RBCs/μL). All PCs failing visual inspection as having RBCs ≥4000 RBCs/μL were also detected by the BB mode.ConclusionThe BB mode had acceptable performance characteristics and has the potential for integration into a fully automated process control system for rRBC enumeration in plasma and PCs.
Antimicrobial use data collection in animal agriculture
Authors: Bright‐Ponte Susan J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAntimicrobial drug use can contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial drug‐resistant organisms; therefore, judicious use of this important category of drugs is critical in both human and animal medicine to slow the development and spread of resistance. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) is committed to advancing efforts to implement good antimicrobial stewardship practices in veterinary settings as part of our mission to protect human and animal health. In order to understand the drivers of resistance in veterinary settings and assess the impact of interventions designed to slow the development and spread of resistance, it is vital to have access to scientifically sound data on antimicrobial use and resistance. In 2016, FDA awarded funds in the form of cooperative agreements to support pilot projects for the collection of farm‐level antimicrobial use data in animal agriculture. These funded data collection efforts are intended to provide needed information on antimicrobial use practices in various animal production settings and to inform the development of long‐term strategies for collecting and reporting such data in a sustainable and nationally representative manner. Data were collected from records of participating dairy and feedlot cattle operations, swine companies, and broiler and turkey companies. Information from the first 2 years of the pilot projects is presented in this special issue, along with discussions related to challenges of collecting and reporting antimicrobial use data.
Scalable Adaptive Batch Sampling in Simulation-Based Design With Heteroscedastic Noise
Authors: van Beek Anton , Ghumman Umar Farooq , Munshi Joydeep , Tao Siyu , Chien TeYu , Balasubramanian Ganesh , Plumlee Matthew , Apley Daniel , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, we propose a scalable batch sampling scheme for optimization of simulation models with spatially varying noise. The proposed scheme has two primary advantages: (i) reduced simulation cost by recommending batches of samples at carefully selected spatial locations and (ii) improved scalability by actively considering replicating at previously observed sampling locations. Replication improves the scalability of the proposed sampling scheme as the computational cost of adaptive sampling schemes grow cubicly with the number of unique sampling locations. Our main consideration for the allocation of computational resources is the minimization of the uncertainty in the optimal design. We analytically derive the relationship between the “exploration versus replication decision” and the posterior variance of the spatial random process used to approximate the simulation model’s mean response. Leveraging this reformulation in a novel objective-driven adaptive sampling scheme, we show that we can identify batches of samples that minimize the prediction uncertainty only in the regions of the design space expected to contain the global optimum. Finally, the proposed sampling scheme adopts a modified preposterior analysis that uses a zeroth-order interpolation of the spatially varying simulation noise to identify sampling batches. Through the optimization of three numerical test functions and one engineering problem, we demonstrate (i) the efficacy and of the proposed sampling scheme to deal with a wide array of stochastic functions, (ii) the superior performance of the proposed method on all test functions compared to existing methods, (iii) the empirical validity of using a zeroth-order approximation for the allocation of sampling batches, and (iv) its applicability to molecular dynamics simulations by optimizing the performance of an organic photovoltaic cell as a function of its processing settings.
Towards Automatic Modeling of Volleyball Players’ Behavior for Analysis, Feedback, and Hybrid Training
Authors: Salim Fahim A. , Haider Fasih , Postma Dees , van Delden Robby , Reidsma Dennis , Luz Saturnino , van Beijnum Bert-Jan 
Published: November 2020

Automatic tagging of video recordings of sports matches and training sessions can be helpful to coaches and players and provide access to structured data at a scale that would be unfeasible if one were to rely on manual tagging. Recognition of different actions forms an essential part of sports video tagging. In this paper, the authors employ machine learning techniques to automatically recognize specific types of volleyball actions (i.e., underhand serve, overhead pass, serve, forearm pass, one hand pass, smash, and block which are manually annotated) during matches and training sessions (uncontrolled, in the wild data) based on motion data captured by inertial measurement unit sensors strapped on the wrists of eight female volleyball players. Analysis of the results suggests that all sensors in the inertial measurement unit (i.e., magnetometer, accelerometer, barometer, and gyroscope) contribute unique information in the classification of volleyball actions types. The authors demonstrate that while the accelerometer feature set provides better results than other sensors, overall (i.e., gyroscope, magnetometer, and barometer) feature fusion of the accelerometer, magnetometer, and gyroscope provides the bests results (unweighted average recall = 67.87%, unweighted average precision = 68.68%, and κ = .727), well above the chance level of 14.28%. Interestingly, it is also demonstrated that the dominant hand (unweighted average recall = 61.45%, unweighted average precision = 65.41%, and κ = .652) provides better results than the nondominant (unweighted average recall = 45.56%, unweighted average precision = 55.45, and κ = .553) hand. Apart from machine learning models, this paper also discusses a modular architecture for a system to automatically supplement video recording by detecting events of interests in volleyball matches and training sessions and to provide tailored and interactive multimodal feedback by utilizing an HTML5/JavaScript application. A proof of concept prototype developed based on this architecture is also described.
Efficacy of quadruple regimen with polaprezinc for gastric Helicobacter pylori infection eradication: protocol for a single-centre, single-blind, non-inferiority, randomised clinical trial
Authors: Wu Dingkun , Sun Zhen , Li Tingyuan , Tan Qinwen , Sun Yue , Chen Tingting , Liu Yujing , Li Jun , Jiang Haidong , Yuan Zhiqiang , Zhao Yuqian , Chen Wen 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most well-known risk factor for gastric cancer. At present, H. pylori shows varying levels of resistance to different treatments, leading to a lower rate of H. pylori eradication. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of polaprezinc-containing quadruple therapy (PQT) for the eradication of H. pylori infection and, thus, to provide more evidence to inform the clinical treatment of H. pylori infection in China.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre, single-blind, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial, enrolling 158 patients with H. pylori infection. Patients are randomised (1:1) to the two groups for a 14-day therapy. Treatment group: PQT (esomeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg, polaprezinc 75 mg) two times per day; control group: bismuth-containing quadruple therapy (esomeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg, bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg) two times per day. The primary outcome is the rate of H. pylori eradication. Secondary outcomes are the incidence of adverse events and the gastrointestinal microbiota distribution. The 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) next-generation sequencing (NGS) is used to evaluate the effect of two different therapies on the distribution of the gastrointestinal microbiota.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sichuan Cancer Center & Hospital (No. SCCHEC-02-2019-015). Any amendment to the research protocol will be submitted for ethical approval. All participants must provide informed consent. On completion, the results of the study will be published in the appropriate peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberChiCTR1900025800; preresults.
Impact of secondhand smoke exposure on cognitive function among middle-aged and older women in China: findings from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Bai Anying , Jin Yinzi , Huang Yangmu 
Published: November 2020

ObjectivesTo examine the association between secondhand smoke (SSH) and women’s global cognitive function and cognitive subdomains.DesignCohort study.ParticipantsData for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2013-2015), and pooled analysis was applied to wave 1 and wave 2 (2011–2013), wave 2 and wave 3 (2013–2015) and wave 1 and wave 3 (2011–2015). Data from a total of 6875 Chinese women with normal cognitive function at baseline were selected for analysis, including 2981 who were interviewed in 2011, 2471 in 2013, and 1894 in 2015.Main outcome measures and methodsSHS was classified based on the number of exposed years (<25 years, ≥25 years to <30 years, ≥30 years to <40 years, ≥40 years). Global cognitive function, visuospatial ability, orientation and attention, and episodic memory function were used as measures of cognitive function. Three waves of data were pooled using a dummy variable to differentiate between 2-year and 4-year groups. LDV models were used to examine independent associations between SHS and cognitive function. Demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, baseline cognitive functioning and health conditions were controlled for in our models.ResultsSSH was found to be inversely and significantly associated with cognitive function. Compared with those who had not been exposed to household SSH, women who had lived with a smoking husband had a significantly faster cognition decline, especially in global cognitive function (β=−0.33, 95% CI=−0.66 to −0.01, p<0.01), visuospatial ability (β=−0.04, 95% CI=−0.08 to −0.01, p<0.05) and episodic memory function (β=−0.16, 95% CI=−0.31 to −0.01, p=0.031).ConclusionsHousehold SSH exposure for more than 40 years was associated with a more significant decline in global cognitive function, visuospatial ability and episodic memory function, but not in orientation and attention function among older Chinese women.
Motivational Interviewing for Maternal Immunisation (MI4MI) study: a protocol for an implementation study of a clinician vaccine communication intervention for prenatal care settings
Authors: Brewer Sarah E. , Cataldi Jessica R. , Fisher Mary , Glasgow Russell E. , Garrett Kathleen , O'Leary Sean T. 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionVaccination against influenza and pertussis in pregnancy offers a ‘two-for-one’ opportunity to protect mother and child. Pregnant patients have increased risk of severe disease from influenza and newborns have increased risk of severe disease from both influenza and pertussis. Obstetricians need communication tools to support their self-efficacy and effectiveness in communicating the importance of immunisation during pregnancy and ultimately improving maternal vaccination rates.Methods and analysisWe describe the protocol for a pragmatic study testing the feasibility and potential impact of a clinician communication strategy on maternal vaccination uptake. This study will be conducted in five prenatal care settings in Colorado, USA. The Motivational Interviewing for Maternal Immunisation strategy involves training prenatal care providers to use motivational interviewing in the vaccine conversation with pregnant patients. Our primary outcomes will be the adoption and implementation of the intervention measured using the Enhanced RE-AIM/Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model for dissemination and implementation. Secondary outcomes will include provider time spent, fidelity to Motivational Interviewing and self-efficacy measured through audio recorded visits and provider surveys, patients’ visit experience based on audio recorded visits and follow-up interviews, and maternal vaccine uptake as measured through chart reviews.Ethics and disseminationThis study is approved by the following institutional review boards: Colorado Multiple Institutional Review Board. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed manuscripts and conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT04302675.
Dietary patterns and oesophageal cancer: a multi-country latent class analysis
Authors: Dalmartello Michela , Vermunt Jeroen , Serraino Diego , Garavello Werner , Negri Eva , Levi Fabio , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe considerable differences in food consumption across countries pose major challenges to the research on diet and cancer, due to the difficulty to generalise and reproduce the dietary patterns identified in a specific population.MethodsWe analysed data from a multicentric case-control study on oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) carried out between 1992 and 2009 in three Italian areas and in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland, which included 505 cases and 1259 hospital controls. Dietary patterns were derived applying LCA on 24 food groups, controlling for country membership, and non-alcoholic energy intake. A multiple logistic regression model was used to derive odds ratio (ORs) and corresponding 95% CIs for ESCC according to the dietary patterns identified, correcting for classification error.Results and ConclusionWe identified three dietary patterns. The ‘Prudent’ pattern was distinguished by a diet rich in fruits and vegetables. The ‘Western’ pattern was characterised by low consumption of these food groups and higher intakes of sugar. The ‘Lower consumers-combination pattern’ exhibited a diet poor in most of the nutrients, preferences for fish, potatoes, meat and a few specific types of vegetables. Differences between Italy and Switzerland emerged for pattern sizes and for specific single food preferences. Compared to the ‘Prudent’ pattern, the ‘Western’ and the ‘Lower consumers-combination’ patterns were associated with an increased risk of ESCC (OR=3.04, 95% CI=2.12–4.38 and OR=2.81, 95% CI=1.65–4.76).
Love during lockdown: findings from an online survey examining the impact of COVID-19 on the sexual health of people living in Australia
Authors: Coombe Jacqueline , Kong Fabian Yuh Shiong , Bittleston Helen , Williams Henrietta , Tomnay Jane , Vaisey Alaina , Malta Sue , Goller Jane L , Temple-Smith Meredith , Bourchier Louise , Lau Andrew , Chow Eric P F , Hocking Jane S 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionAustralia recorded its first case of COVID-19 in late January 2020. On 22P March 2020, amid increasing daily case numbers, the Australian Government implemented lockdown restrictions to help ‘flatten the curve’. Our study aimed to understand the impact of lockdown restrictions on sexual and reproductive health. Here we focus on sexual practices.MethodsAn online survey was open from the 23PP April 2020 to 11P May 2020. Participants were recruited online via social media and other networks and were asked to report on their sexual practices in 2019 and during lockdown. Logistic regression was used to calculate the difference (diff) (including 95% CIs) in the proportion of sex practices between time periods.ResultsOf the 1187 who commenced the survey, 965 (81.3%) completed it. Overall, 70% were female and 66.3% were aged 18–29 years. Most (53.5%) reported less sex during lockdown than in 2019. Compared with 2019, participants were more likely to report sex with a spouse (35.3% vs 41.7%; diff=6.4%; 95% CI 3.6 to 9.2) and less likely to report sex with a girl/boyfriend (45.1% vs 41.8%; diff=−3.3%; 95% CI −7.0 to -0.4) or with casual hook-up (31.4% vs 7.8%; 95% CI −26.9 to -19.8). Solo sex activities increased; 14.6% (123/840) reported using sex toys more often and 26.0% (218/838) reported masturbating more often. Dating app use decreased during lockdown compared with 2019 (42.1% vs 27.3%; diff= −14.8%; 95% CI −17.6 to -11.9). Using dating apps for chatting/texting (89.8% vs 94.5%; diff=4.7%; 95% CI 1.0 to 8.5) and for setting up virtual dates (2.6% vs 17.2%; diff=14.6%; 95% CI 10.1 to 19.2) increased during lockdown.ConclusionAlthough significant declines in sexual activity during lockdown were reported, people did not completely stop engaging in sexual activities, highlighting the importance of ensuring availability of normal sexual and reproductive health services during global emergencies.
Influence of quintessence dark energy on the shadow of black hole
Authors: Zeng Xiao-Xiong , Zhang Hai-Qing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe investigate the effects of quintessence dark energy on the shadows of black hole, surrounded by various profiles of accretions. For the thin-disk accretion, the images of the black hole comprises the dark region and bright region, including direct emission, lensing rings and photon rings. Although their details depend on the form of the emission, generically, direct emission plays a major role for the observed brightness of the black hole, while the lensing ring makes a small contribution and the photon ring makes a negligible contribution. The existence of a cosmological horizon also plays an important role in the shadows, since the observer in the domain of outer communications is near the cosmological horizon. For spherically symmetric accretion, static and infalling matters are considered. We find that the positions of photon spheres are the same for both static and infalling accretions. However, the observed specific intensity of the image for infalling accretion is darker than for static accretion, due to the Doppler effect of the infalling motion.
Fatigue Characteristics and Numerical Modelling Prosthetic for Chopart Amputation
Authors: Abbas Saif M. , Kubba Ammar I. 
Published: November 2020

This research is looking for three laminated composite material groups. These three groups were utilized in experimental investigation to find their mechanical properties. These properties have been used to design and manufacture a socket for a partial foot prosthesis using an ANSYS model. This socket was manufactured with a vacuum pressure device to improve its properties. The socket composite material was tested for tensile and fatigue properties; then, its results were used in the ANSYS model. The composite material matrix was laminated in an 80 : 20 ratio, and there were three types of reinforcement lamination material (Perlon, glass fiber, and carbon fiber). The mechanical property results of these tests were found as follows: using only-Perlon reinforcement, the properties are

σ

y

=
33.6

MPa

,

σ

ult

=
35.6

MPa

, and

modulus

of

elasticity
=
1.03

GPa

; using (3Perlon +2carbon fiber +3perlon) layers, the properties were

σ

y

=
65.5

MPa

,

σ

ult

=
92.5

MPa

, and

modulus

of

elasticity
=
1.99

GPa

; and using (3Perlon + 2 glass fiber + 3perlon) layers, the results were

σ

y

=
40

MPa

,

σ

ult

=
46.6

MPa

, and

modulus

of

elasticity
=
1.4

GPa

. The ANSYS model used the boundary condition from the measured contact pressure between the socket and the patient’s stump. The MatScan (F-socket) pressure sensor utilized these interface pressure measurements. The maximum values for the pressure were found as follows: 190 kPa and 164 kPa, which are recorded in the posterior and lateral locations, respectively. The calculated factor of safety for the prosthesis that has been made from a selected composite material with the following layers (3 Perlon+2 carbon fiber+3 Perlon) is 1.037 which is safe for design prosthetic applications. From this study, more prosthetic designs can be modelled and manufactured using this approach. Prosthetics and orthotics are usually custom-made for each patient according to its specific requirements. So, it will be very helpful to find a procedure to analyze the prosthetics before manufacturing it.
Paciente con amputación transfemoral derecha, clavo gamma y síndrome hemimotor derecho: valoración y manejo del proceso de protetización.
Authors: Cuenca Gonzalez Concepcion , Chiesa Estomba Rossana , Robledo García Miriam , Granja Requena Arsenio , Monleón  llorente Luis , Garvín  Ocampos Lucia 
Published: November 2020

Introducción la decisión de protetizar a un paciente amputado depende de: la etiología, nivel de amputación, uni o bilateralidad, comorbilidades, soporte sociofamiliar, capacidad funcional y motivación del paciente. Observación clínica varón, 83 años, diabético, cardiopatía isquémica, accidente cerebrovascular con paresia braquial derecha residual en año 2000. Clavo gamma por fractura pertrocantérea derecha en 2012 y amputación transfemoral derecha en 2018 de causa vascular. Se protetiza mediante encaje de contención isquiática CAT-CAM, sistema de suspensión tipo Kiss, rodilla de bloqueo a la extensión con adaptación del sistema de desbloqueo en porción antero-interna del encaje y pie Sach. Tras tratamiento fisioterápico, consigue deambulación autónoma con ayuda de un bastón y tercera persona por dificultad para agarre de MSD. Conclusión los médicos rehabilitadores debemos apostar por dotar a nuestros pacientes de autonomía y funcionalidad, siempre que sea viable.