bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoid Excess in Patients with Pheochromocytoma Compared with Paraganglioma and Other Forms of Hypertension
Authors: Constantinescu Georgiana , Langton Katharina , Conrad Catleen , Amar Laurence , Assié Guillaume , Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule , Blanchard Anne , Larsen Casper K , Mulatero Paolo , Williams Tracy Ann , Prejbisz Aleksander , Fassnacht Martin , Bornstein Stefan , Ceccato Filippo , Fliedner Stephanie , Dennedy Michael , Peitzsch Mirko , Sinnott Richard , Januszewicz Andrzej , Beuschlein Felix , Reincke Martin , Zennaro Maria-Christina , Eisenhofer Graeme , Deinum Jaap 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Context
Catecholamines and adrenocortical steroids are important regulators of blood pressure. Bidirectional relationships between adrenal steroids and catecholamines have been established but whether this is relevant to patients with pheochromocytoma is unclear.

Objective
This study addresses the hypothesis that patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) have altered steroid production compared with patients with primary hypertension.

Design
Multicenter cross-sectional study.

Setting
Twelve European referral centers.

Patients
Subjects included 182 patients with pheochromocytoma, 36 with paraganglioma and 270 patients with primary hypertension. Patients with primary aldosteronism (n = 461) and Cushing syndrome (n = 124) were included for additional comparisons.

Intervention
In patients with PPGLs, surgical resection of tumors.

Outcome measures
Differences in mass spectrometry–based profiles of 15 adrenal steroids between groups and after surgical resection of PPGLs. Relationships of steroids to plasma and urinary metanephrines and urinary catecholamines.

Results
Patients with pheochromocytoma had higher (P &lt; .05) circulating concentrations of cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone, and corticosterone than patients with primary hypertension. Concentrations of cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, and corticosterone were also higher (P &lt; .05) in patients with pheochromocytoma than with paraganglioma. These steroids correlated positively with plasma and urinary metanephrines and catecholamines in patients with pheochromocytoma, but not paraganglioma. After adrenalectomy, there were significant decreases in cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, corticosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, aldosterone, and 18-oxocortisol.

Conclusions
This is the first large study in patients with PPGLs that supports in a clinical setting the concept of adrenal cortical–medullary interactions involving an influence of catecholamines on adrenal steroids. These findings could have implications for the cardiovascular complications of PPGLs and the clinical management of patients with the tumors.
p21-Activated Kinases in Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Bautista Luis , Knippler Christina M , Ringel Matthew D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The family of p21-activated kinases (PAKs) are oncogenic proteins that regulate critical cellular functions. PAKs play central signaling roles in the integrin/CDC42/Rho, ERK/MAPK, PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, functioning both as kinases and scaffolds to regulate cell motility, mitosis and proliferation, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and other cellular activities. PAKs have been implicated in both the development and progression of a wide range of cancers, including breast cancer, pancreatic melanoma, thyroid cancer, and others. Here we will discuss the current knowledge on the structure and biological functions of both group I and group II PAKs, as well as the roles that PAKs play in oncogenesis and progression, with a focus on thyroid cancer and emerging data regarding BRAF/PAK signaling.
School's contribution to prevention of earthquakes
Authors: Drakoulakou Georgia 
Published: July 2020

Greece is a highly seismogenic country. To be more specific, it is the 6th most seismically active country worldwide, as well as the very most earthquake-prone country in Europe. Undoubtedly, earthquakes is a natural phenomenon that people can't prevent, or forecast. What we can do, is take appropriate measures in order to be shielded against this phenomenon. We should try to be informed enough and be active to protect ourselves. Prevention is the key word to this venture. And what can school do to make a difference? Of course, educate us the best way possible and care not only for our academic knowledge, but also for the growing of abilities, skills and qualifications that will contribute in our adaptation to the constant social changes, and will help us develop characteristics that will be proven useful in our future. After all we, students, are the future citizens of our world, and the only way to make it it is to be gifted enough.
Rewolucja urbanistyczna na terenie Île de la Cité w Paryżu w XIX w.
Authors: Hryszko Barbara 
Published: July 2020

Urban Revolution Of Paris’s Île De La Cité In The 19th Century
Urban changes in Paris taking place in the time of the second Empire were generally viewed as positive. First of all, they solved the problem of old, non-hygienic, overpopulated, and dirty districts of the city and enabled the police to control the area in case of revolutionary movements. Moreover, they created the possibility of placing central, most important offices in prestigious locations, which added authority and splendor to them. As a result, the center of Paris became hygienic, utilitarian, safe and representative. However, these positive aspects of urban changes introduced under Napoleon III soon received severe criticism. The location of the Cité and the island on which it was located proved to be a curse for its urban development. Seeking to squeeze as many monumental governmental objects as possible on a small area resulted in almost complete destruction of the mediaeval urban structure of the district. The urban revolution which changed the Cité became a dramatic symbol of the authoritarian power of the Second Empire.
Józef Piłsudski na progu niepodległości Polski
Authors: Gaul Jerzy 
Published: July 2020

Józef Piłsudski At The Wake of Poland's Independence. An Successful Statesman And Lost Politician
Piłsudski’s engagement in the creation of the Polish military and independence movement in the years 1914-1922 established his position not only as a commander, leader, ‘moral dictator’, but also a statesman. Yet, the more Piłsudski let himself be driven by high reasons, instead of personal issues, the more he lost as a soldier and politician. He paid a high price for his moral convictions, which limited the margin of loyalty and the possibility of compromise, as well as removed the possibility of resigning from the program of struggle for the Polish state and its army.
Nazizm w encyklice Piusa XI Mit brennender Sorge
Authors: Szuppe Paweł 
Published: July 2020

Nazism in Pius XI's Encyclical Mit brennender Sorge
The article presents Nazism in Pius XI’s encyclical Mit brennender Sorge. The genesis and context of this papal document, which was written in the German language and directed to the German nation, are presented, as well as reactions from the German state it evoked. This encyclical constitutes a synthesis of numerous statements by the Church in its struggle against the anti-Christian ideology and practice. In it we find references to the breaches in the concordatbetween Germany and the Holy See, and falsifications of Church teachings and language undermining the moral order, hope and love, as well as natural law. It is addressed to young people, the clergy and the laity. In it we find attempts to uncover the Nazi bestiality in the time when Hitler was admired and praised by many contemporary politicians. It does express hope that the German nation will return to the true faith and mission prepared for it by God
Small-Data, Large-Scale Linear Optimization with Uncertain Objectives
Authors: Gupta Vishal , Rusmevichientong Paat 
Published: July 2020

Optimization applications often depend on a huge number of uncertain parameters. In many contexts, however, the amount of relevant data per parameter is small, and hence, we may only have imprecise estimates. We term this setting—in which the number of uncertainties is large but all estimates have low precision—the small-data, large-scale regime. We formalize a model for this new regime, focusing on optimization problems with uncertain linear objectives. We show that common data-driven methods, such as sample average approximation, data-driven robust optimization, and certain regularized policies, may perform poorly in this new setting. We then propose a novel framework for selecting a data-driven policy from a given policy class. As with the aforementioned data-driven methods, our new policy enjoys provably good performance in the large-sample regime. Unlike these methods, we show that in the small-data, large-scale regime, our data-driven policy performs comparably to an oracle best-in-class policy under some mild conditions. We strengthen this result for linear optimization problems and two natural policy classes, the first inspired by the empirical Bayes literature and the second by regularization techniques. For both classes, the suboptimality gap between our proposed policy and the oracle policy decays exponentially fast in the number of uncertain parameters even for a fixed amount of data. Thus, these policies retain the strong large-sample performance of traditional methods and additionally enjoy provably strong performance in the small-data, large-scale regime. Numerical experiments confirm the significant benefits of our methods. This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Does prenatal attachment increase over pregnancy?
Authors: Close Charlotte , Bateson Karen , Douglas Hazel 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundPrenatal measurement can highlight early attachment issues in mothers and prenatal attachment could be a predictor of postnatal attachment. It is necessary to better understand prenatal attachment trends in both genders to identify and intervene quicker when attachment issues are present.AimsThis paper explores the changes in parent-fetal attachment throughout pregnancy, examining attachment score changes and differing gender trends.MethodsOf the participants, 101 parents (59 female, 42 male) completed the respective Maternal/Paternal Antenatal Attachment Scale ( Condon, 1993 ) at two administrations during pregnancy.FindingsPaired t-tests revealed a significant increase in female scores (p<0.0001) and a non-significant increase in male scores (p=0.102) from first to second administration.ConclusionFemale attachment increased in strength as pregnancy progressed, while male attachment remained relatively stable throughout. Further research is needed to examine gender differences across trimesters, the impact of interventions designed to improve attachment and attachment in more diverse populations.
Clinicians' involvement in data collection for portfolio research: impact on their clinical practice and perception of research
Authors: Sweeting David , Daniell Helena , Chester Rachel 
Published: July 2020

Background/Aims Physiotherapists generally have a positive view of research, but have identified a number of barriers to taking part, and have expressed challenges when attempting to integrate research findings into their practice. The aim of this study was to describe the self-reported impact of collecting data for a multicentre research study on physiotherapists' clinical practice. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select three of 11 NHS trusts involved in the original data collection. A questionnaire was emailed to the 28 of 34 physiotherapists working within these three Trusts who collected data and for whom contact details were available. Results A total of 21 (75%) physiotherapists completed the questionnaire. Out of the 21 physiotherapists, 15 stated they were aware of the study results; all of whom reported subsequent changes in their beliefs about prognostic factors for shoulder pain (subject of the original study) and some alteration in clinical practice. However, barriers to integrating further changes into practice were reported, including lack of time and a perception that patients would not engage with a more (bio)psychosocial approach. Overall, 85% of responders stated data collection had changed their understanding of the research process. Conclusions Clinicians' participation in the research process positively influenced practice. However, 29% were unaware of the results and only 33% of physiotherapists accessed the published article. There were perceived barriers to integrating results into practice.
Discoid meniscus: current concepts
Authors: Saavedra Manuel , Sepúlveda Matías , Jesús Tuca María , Birrer Estefanía 
Published: July 2020

Discoid meniscus is the most frequent congenital malformation of the menisci, and primarily affects the lateral meniscus; it is highly prevalent in the Asian population. The anatomic, vascular, and ultrastructural features of the discoid meniscus make it susceptible to complex tears. Discoid meniscus anomalies are described according to their shape; however, there is consensus that peripheral stability of the meniscus should also be defined. Initial workup includes plain X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging, while arthroscopic evaluation confirms shape and stability of the meniscus. Clinical presentation is highly variable, depending on shape, associated hypermobility, and concomitant meniscal tears. Treatment seeks to re-establish typical anatomy using saucerization, tear reparation, and stable fixation of the meniscus.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:371-379. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190023
Examining the Specificity of Forms and Functions of Aggressive Behavior in Boys With Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Britton Tobias C. , Wilkinson Ellen H. , Hall Scott S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Limited information is available concerning the specificity of the forms and functions of aggressive behavior exhibited by boys with fragile X syndrome (FXS). To investigate these relationships, we conducted indirect functional assessments of aggressive behavior exhibited by 41 adolescent boys with FXS and 59 age and symptom-matched controls with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) and compared the data between groups. Results showed that boys with FXS were more likely to exhibit specific forms of aggressive behavior (i.e., scratching others and biting others) compared to controls, but the sources of reinforcement identified for aggression were similar across groups. Boys with FXS who were prescribed psychotropic medications were more likely to be older and to exhibit more forms of aggression. The implications for the treatment of aggressive behavior during this critical developmental period in FXS are discussed.
A Cross-Sectional Comparison of the Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Symptoms in Adults With Down Syndrome in Scotland and Japan
Authors: Hill Elizabeth A. , Sawatari Hiroyuki , Nishizaka Mari K. , Fairley Donna M. , Chishaki Akiko , Funakoshi Kouta , Riha Renata L. , Ando Shin-ichi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Small studies in Western populations report a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults with Down syndrome. To date, ethnic differences have not been explored. A questionnaire sent to 2,752 adults with Down syndrome aged ≥16 years in Scotland and Japan (789 valid responses) estimated OSA prevalence based on reported symptoms. Symptoms were common in both countries, with snoring (p = 0.001) and arousals (p = 0.04) more prevalent in Japan. Estimated OSA prevalence in adults with Down syndrome was similar in the two countries, and raised in comparison with the general adult population (19.6% in Scotland and 14.3% in Japan; p = 0.08), though BMI was a confounder. Identification and treatment of OSA is recommended in adults with Down syndrome, regardless of ethnicity.
Evaluation of a Safety Awareness Group Program for Adults With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Hughes Rosemary B. , Robinson-Whelen Susan , Davis Leigh Ann , Meadours James , Kincaid Olivia , Howard Lisa , Millin Mary , Schwartz Michelle , McDonald Katherine E. ,   The Safety Project Consortium
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Using a participatory research approach, we enlisted 12 U.S. Centers for Independent Living (CILs) to recruit and enroll 170 adults with intellectual disability (ID) to be randomized to either The Safety Class, an abuse prevention group program, or usual care. Participants were asked to complete pre, post, and 3-month follow-up questionnaires. CIL staff members facilitated the eight-session, interactive program. Quantitative and qualitative findings suggest that participation in a brief safety program may improve safety protective factors among men and women with ID. The Safety Class serves as one model for delivering an abuse prevention and education intervention to adults with significant safety needs but extremely limited access to relevant community resources.
Children, Media, and American History, Margaret Cassidy (2017)
Authors: Petricini Tiffany Alana 
Published: July 2020

Review of: Children, Media, and American History, Margaret Cassidy (2017)
New York: Routledge, 136 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-31572-511-6, h/bk, $107.98, p/bk, $46.95, Kindle, $19.43
New Nonfiction Film: Art, Poetics, and Documentary Theory, Dara Waldron (2018)
Authors: Kobzowicz Keara 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

New Nonfiction Film: Art, Poetics, and Documentary Theory, Dara Waldron (2018)
New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 224pp., ISBN: 978-1501322495 (hbk), $120.00
The precariat’s downfall
Authors: Sinanović Muanis 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The piece is a review of the Slovenian edition of the book The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class by British economist Guy Standing. In addition to the standard review process – the presentation of the topic and evaluation – the text encompasses a broader interpretation of theses in the local political context and attempts to develop them and engage in a dialogue with them. Particular emphasis is placed on the issue of invisibility and establishing ‘the voice of the precariat’ with regard to cultural criticism. The situation of the precariat in Great Britain is compared to that in Slovenia, which has undergone a rather benevolent transition, and the difficulty of the search for solutions to the described state of affairs is pointed out.
New wave of playwriting
Authors: Hrvatin Varja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

New Wave of Playwriting is a compilation of two editions of the theatre segment Teritorij teatra (The Territory of Theatre) that were broadcast on Radio Študent. In the play of the introductory drama-radio form of the dialogue between the young female playwright and the young male director, it enters the field of exploring the contemporary playwriting of the youngest generation and its current position. For the starting point of the topical-structural analysis of concrete plays, the author takes the call for the Slavko Grum Award for Young Playwright and dedicates her attention to its recipients up to the year 2018. As a counterpoint, she presents various educational, staging or publication initiatives that open the doors for young playwrights. Through a short review of playwrights and their texts, the contribution offers an insight into the new generation of contemporary playwriting; by treating the topics, styles and forms that are popular among playwrights, the article aims to close the gap in the area of reflective analysis.
A serious prolegomenon to joyful poetry
Authors: Bešter Vid 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
By analysing an example of self-published (some would call it amateur) poetry, this article attempts to position the concept of joy in the conceptual apparatus of literary criticism. In the polemical debate, it stands on the side of materialism, idiotism and silliness as opposed to certain unreflected criteria – idealism, intellectualism, seriousness – that define which works of poetry are considered artworks worthy of discussion even before they have actually been critically discussed. Being polemic, the article does not develop joy as a fully-fledged tool of literary criticism, but tries to serve as an introduction to the possibility of including the usually overlooked elements of poetic language into the field of artistic work and expression.
Pateras al Sur. El discurso de una mirada a cualquier lugar del mundo, conversando desde el Sur
Authors: Barrientos-Báez Almudena 
Published: July 2020

El número 148 de la colección Cuadernos Artesanos de Comunicación supuso la inauguración de una nueva colección titulada “Del blog al bloc: anales de nuestra época”, una apuesta por llevar al papel impreso las “tribulaciones” plasmadas en los diarios digitales que son los blogs.Este nuevo recorrido empieza con Pateras al Sur. El discurso de una mirada a cualquier lugar del mundo, conversando desde el Sur, una selección de las entradas al blog Pateras al Sur, obra del profesor, investigador y periodista Iñaki Chaves en el que presenta su “diario público de navegación” a bordo de esas embarcaciones artesanales en las que boga por los mares que constituyen sus miradas, sus inquietudes, sus fobias y sus filias. Las noventa y una entradas de este libro blog están acompañadas por el prólogo del maestro y teórico de la comunicación Jesús Martín Barbero, quien lo presenta como un “cuasi diario casi contemporáneo”, equiparando el blog con “un bloc de páginas en el que las hojas se superponen en la memoria virtual para ir construyendo la memoria electrónica del sitio, una réplica de la memoria psíquica de quien lo escribe”.
TEATRO PRETO DE CANDOMBLÉ
Authors: Barbosa Fernanda Júlia 
Published: July 2020

RESUMO
O presente artigo trata de uma explanação acerca dos princípios que orientam a poética cênica Teatro Preto de Candomblé. Pesquisa desenvolvida pela encenadora Onisajé desde 2009 quando estreou Siré Obá – A festa do Rei, primeiro espetáculo resultante da metodologia proposta por esta poética artística. O artigo toma como exemplo para a apresentação e definição do Teatro Preto de Candomblé a mais recente montagem da pesquisadora pela Cia de Teatro da UFBA, o espetáculo Pele Negra, máscaras brancas, adaptação do mais famoso livro homônimo do psiquiatra e pesquisador martiniquenho Franz Fanon. O artigo tem por objetivo apresentar aos leitores as questões fundamentais que levaram a pesquisadora a cunhar o termo Teatro Preto de Candomblé e em que medida a citada montagem contribuiu para o seu amadurecimento teórico e prático.
PALAVRAS CHAVES: Teatro Preto de Candomblé, Teatro, Candomblé, Encenação, Teatro Negro.
Historical Reality and Political Aesthetics after Jacques Derrida and Bernard Stiegler
Authors: Cecchi Dario 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe article aims at showing how far the technologies of audiovisual registration affect not only the ontology of images but also our sense of realism in politics and history. As argue Jacques Derrida and Bernard Stiegler, historical events have become “tele-events” after the birth of these technologies. Our handling with images has changed accordingly. As argues Pietro Montani, we no longer consider them as “copies” of real objects but rather as “occasions” for initiating processes of “validation” of history. Hannah Arendt’s opposition between the ancient concept of history being based onpraxisand the modern concept of history as “fabrication” (poiesis) of the humankind must be therefore reconsidered. History is rather the negotiation between these two attitudes (praxisandpoiesis): cinema might be one of the exemplary sources of this negotiation, as epitomized by the documentary work in the audiovisual archives conducted by Esfir Shub (1927) and Harun Farocki (1992). Representation (Louis Martin) becomes thus a dynamical power of imagination dealing with historical and political reality; consequently, the “ideal spectator”, just as the “ideal reader” for novels (Umberto Eco), is charged with a new task of actualizing the sense of images with regard to their historical and political references.