bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geomorphic response to the Lateglacial–Holocene transition in high Alpine regions (Sanetsch Pass, Swiss Alps)
Authors: Serra Elena , Valla Pierre G. , Gribenski Natacha , Guedes Magrani Fabio , Carcaillet Julien , Delaloye Reynald , Grobéty Bernard , Braillard Luc 
Published: October 2020

Several palaeoclimatic archives have documented the pronounced climatic and environmental change associated with the Lateglacial–Holocene transition in the European Alps. However, the geomorphic response to this major environmental transition has only been punctually investigated. In this study, we propose a detailed reconstruction of post‐Last Glacial Maximum palaeoenvironmental conditions and geomorphic connectivity in the Sanetsch Pass area (2252 m a.s.l., western Swiss Alps) based on a multi‐method approach combining geomorphological and sedimentological field investigations with quantitative sedimentology and geochronology. Samples for sediment characterization (grain size, micromorphology and X‐ray diffraction) and geochronology (optically stimulated luminescence and 10Be surface exposure dating) were collected from three representative landforms of the study area: a high‐elevation silty deposit covered by patterned ground, an alluvial fan, and a hummocky moraine covered by rockfall deposits. Our results reveal the geomorphic history of the three deposits and their connectivity through sediment cascade. These results highlight the development of rapid and most probably transient landscape changes in high Alpine regions during the Lateglacial–Holocene transition, with an increase in sediment flux and the establishment of paraglacial and periglacial geomorphic processes.
Asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes free of cardiovascular disease and its relationship with clinical characteristics: The DIACAR cohort study
Authors: Antakly‐Hanon Yara , Ben Hamou Adrien , Garçon Philippe , Moeuf Yoann , Banu Isabela , Fumery Maxime , Voican Adela , Abassade Philippe , Oriez Constance , Chatellier Gilles , Dupuy Olivier , Cador Romain , Komajda Michel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsTo assess the prevalence, type and clinical factors associated with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by performing a comprehensive echocardiographic Doppler assessment including speckle tracking.MethodsTwo hundred T2DM patients without overt cardiovascular disease were prospectively enrolled in a single‐centre cohort study between 2018 and 2019.ResultsLeft ventricular mass was increased in 24 patients (12%) and relative wall thickness (h/r) was increased in 46 patients (23%). Left atrial (LA) enlargement was observed in 27 patients (13.6%) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) was reduced in 38 patients (20.3%). In univariate analysis, LV hypertrophy (LVH) or increased h/r were associated with age, renal function, hypertension and B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) plasma level. LA dilation was associated with age, history of hypertension, diabetes duration and complications, insulin treatment, BNP level and renal function. GLS was associated with body mass index (BMI) and, in a borderline manner, with diabetes duration. In multivariate analysis, hypertension was associated with LVH and with h/r and a borderline relationship was observed for female gender (LVH), age and insulin treatment (h/r). Age, hypertension and, in a borderline manner, insulin treatment were associated with LA dilation. BMI and shorter diabetes duration were associated with reduced GLS.ConclusionA high prevalence of asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction/structural abnormalities was observed in patients with T2DM without overt cardiac disease and was associated with either age, diabetes duration or treatment and with comorbidities including hypertension and obesity. Whether these preclinical abnormalities are associated with poor outcomes warrants further study.
Altitudinal migration of insects
Authors: Kimura Masahito T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA number of insects have been suggested to perform seasonal migration between low‐ and high‐altitude areas. In these insects, support for the occurrence of migration mainly came from observations that focal insects disappeared from a certain range of altitudes but appeared at different altitudes with short time lags. In some insects, further support was obtained by mark–recapture studies, analyses of the seasonal change of age structure or reproductive conditions in individuals from different altitudes and studies on dormancy or temperature tolerance. Other means that can be used to assess the occurrence of altitudinal migration are briefly mentioned. Two types of migration, the dormancy‐associated and dormancy‐independent types, are discriminated. In the former type, insects usually breed in spring, migrate to high‐altitude areas in late spring or early summer, usually for aestivation, and return to low‐altitude areas in autumn. In this type, the same individuals perform upward and downward migration. In the latter type, insects also perform upward migration in late spring or early summer and downward migration in autumn, but they breed both in low‐ and high‐altitude areas. The adaptive and evolutionary aspects of altitudinal migration are briefly mentioned.
The molecular mechanisms that determine different degrees of polyphagy in the Bemisia tabaci species complex
Authors: Malka Osnat , Feldmesser Ester , van Brunschot Sharon , Santos‐Garcia Diego , Han Wen‐Hao , Seal Susan , Colvin John , Morin Shai 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a closely related group of >35 cryptic species that feed on the phloem sap of a broad range of host plants. Species in the complex differ in their host‐range breadth, but the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. We investigated, therefore, how six different B. tabaci species cope with the environmental unpredictability presented by a set of four common and novel host plants. Behavioral studies indicated large differences in performances on the four hosts and putative specialization of one of the species to cassava plants. Transcriptomic analyses revealed two main insights. First, a large set of genes involved in metabolism (>85%) showed differences in expression between the six species, and each species could be characterized by its own unique expression pattern of metabolic genes. However, within species, these genes were constitutively expressed, with a low level of environmental responsiveness (i.e., to host change). Second, within each species, sets of genes mainly associated with the super‐pathways “environmental information processing” and “organismal systems” responded to the host switching events. These included genes encoding for proteins involved in sugar homeostasis, signal transduction, membrane transport, and immune, endocrine, sensory and digestive responses. Our findings suggested that the six B. tabaci species can be divided into four performance/transcriptomic “Types” and that polyphagy can be achieved in multiple ways. However, polyphagy level is determined by the specific identity of the metabolic genes/pathways that are enriched and overexpressed in each species (the species' individual metabolic “tool kit”).
Performance and rideability issues in horses as a manifestation of pain: A review of differential diagnosis and diagnostic approach
Authors: Kjærulff L. N. R. , Lindegaard C. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryNonspecific performance and rideability issues are more likely a manifestation of pain in the ridden horse rather than a true behavioural problem. A systematic and thorough investigation focusing on the potential presence of pain‐related conditions is thus crucial in horses with such complaints. It can, however, be challenging to determine whether the complaint is indeed related to pain, where the pain is located, and what the underlying cause is. This review describes the challenges of pain recognition in ridden horses and summarises the recently developed ridden horse ethograms that might enable pain to be assessed in an objective, valid and reliable way. Furthermore, the differential diagnosis and diagnostic approach to horses presenting potentially pain‐related performance and rideability issues are discussed.
BRN2 and MITF together impact AXL expression in melanoma
Authors: Simmons Jacinta L. , Neuendorf Hannah M. , Boyle Glen M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe inverse relationship between transcription factor MITF and receptor tyrosine kinase AXL has received much attention recently. It is thought that melanoma tumors showing AXLhigh/MITFlow levels are resistant to therapy. We show here that a population of cells within melanoma tumors with extremely high expression of AXL are negative/low for both MITF and the transcription factor BRN2. Depletion of both transcription factors from cultured melanoma cell lines produced an increase in AXL expression greater than depletion of MITF alone. Further, re‐expression of BRN2 led to decreased AXL expression, indicating a role for BRN2 in regulation of AXL levels unrelated to effects on MITF level. As AXL has been recognized as a marker of therapy resistance, these cells may represent a population of cells responsible for disease relapse and as potential targets for therapeutic treatment.
Headache in Medical Residents: A Cross‐Sectional Web‐Based Survey
Authors: de Mélo Silva Júnior Mário Luciano , Melo Thayanara Silva , de Sousa Menezes Neila Clediane , Valença Marcelo Moraes , Sampaio Rocha‐Filho Pedro Augusto 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundAlthough a common complaint and related to factors frequently present in medical residency such as psychological distress, depression, and anxiety, headache is an issue poorly explored among medical residents.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study enrolling medical residents from all geographic regions of Brazil. We applied an online structured survey with demographic and residency program‐related questions, as well as validated tools to assess burnout, diurnal somnolence, anxiety, depression, and migraine.ResultsThe link to the survey received 1989 clicks, of which 1421 individuals completed the questionnaire (71.4% of all clicks). The prevalence of at least 1 headache attack in the last 3 months was 1236/1419 (87.1%); migraine occurred in 400/1419 (28.2%). Frequent headache attacks (headaches occurring daily or often) were associated with female sex (OR = 1.80 [95%CI = 1.36‐2.37]), substantial weight gain (1.93 [1.38‐2.70]), migraine (5.49 [4.16‐7.24]), anxiety (1.45 [1.06‐1.98]), depression (1.98 [1.47‐2.67]), emotional exhaustion domain of burnout (1.49 [1.09‐2.04]), and diurnal somnolence symptoms (1.32 [1.00‐1.76]). Headaches with functional impact were associated with female sex (1.39 [1.10‐1.74]), clinical training areas (1.32 [1.06‐1.65]), anxiety (1.74 [1.38‐2.21]), an unsatisfactory work‐life balance (1.57 [1.17‐2.09]), the emotional exhaustion component of burnout (1.49 [1.14‐1.94]), and an unsatisfactory subjective learning curve (1.30 [1.02‐1.67]). Migraine was associated with female sex (3.10 [2.34‐4.13]), anxiety (2.53 [1.94‐3.31]), more than 60 hours duty‐hours in residency (1.66 [1.29‐2.15]), psychological abuse from patients (1.42 [1.06‐1.90]) and a clinical training area (1.34 [1.04‐1.73]).ConclusionHeadaches among medical residents are frequent and are related not only to depression, anxiety, burnout, and diurnal somnolence, but also to aspects closely related to residency training such as the occurrence of mistreatment, longer duty‐hours, a poor work‐life balance, and an unsatisfactory learning curve.
Single nucleus transcriptomics data integration recapitulates the major cell types in human liver
Authors: Diamanti Klev , Inda Díaz Juan Salvador , Raine Amanda , Pan Gang , Wadelius Claes , Cavalli Marco 
Published: October 2020

AimThe aim of this study was to explore the benefits of data integration from different platforms for single nucleus transcriptomics profiling to characterize cell populations in human liver.MethodsWe generated single‐nucleus RNA sequencing data from Chromium 10X Genomics and Drop‐seq for a human liver sample. We utilized state of the art bioinformatics tools to undertake a rigorous quality control and to integrate the data into a common space summarizing the gene expression variation from the respective platforms, while accounting for known and unknown confounding factors.ResultsAnalysis of single nuclei transcriptomes from both 10X and Drop‐seq allowed identification of the major liver cell types, while the integrated set obtained enough statistical power to separate a small population of inactive hepatic stellate cells that was not characterized in either of the platforms.ConclusionsIntegration of droplet‐based single nucleus transcriptomics data enabled identification of a small cluster of inactive hepatic stellate cells that highlights the potential of our approach. We suggest single‐nucleus RNA sequencing integrative approaches could be utilized to design larger and cost‐effective studies.
Laugier‐Hunziker syndrome: a case report of the pediatric patient and review of the literature
Authors: Sputa‐Grzegrzolka Patrycja , Wozniak Zdzislaw , Akutko Katarzyna , Pytrus Tomasz , Baran Wojciech , Calik Jacek , Glatzel‐Plucinska Natalia , Domagala Zygmunt , Podhorska‐Okolow Marzenna , Stawarski Andrzej , Dziegiel Piotr 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLaugier‐Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is a rare, idiopathic pigmentary disorder especially affecting the lips and oral mucosa. At present, no more than 200 cases of patients diagnosed with LHS syndrome have been described worldwide. To date, three patients under the age of 20 have been described, including the youngest patient who is a 12‐year‐old child. The exact etiology of LHS still remains uncertain, as there is no evidence of systemic symptoms or increased cancer risk. The final diagnosis of LHS is possible after the exclusion of other, more serious diseases involving skin‐mucosal hyperpigmentation, mainly Peutz‐Jeghers syndrome (PJS) and Addison's disease (AD). Herein, we present a 16‐year‐old patient who has been diagnosed with oral hyperpigmentation since the age of 13. We reviewed the clinical and histological findings. In addition, we discussed the differential diagnosis of mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation.
A bibliometric analysis of publication of funded studies in nursing research from Web of Science, 2008–2018
Authors: Zhu Ruifang , Liu Mengyue , Su Yanbing , Meng Xin , Han Shifan , Duan Zhiguang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo analyse the current status and publication trends of funded studies in nursing‐related research from 2008 to 2018, available in the Web of Science.DesignA longitudinal bibliometric analysis of publications of funded studies in nursing‐related research, obtained from the Web of Science, was conducted.MethodsOn 10 May 2019, we accessed 77,772 funded studies (2008–2018) from the Web of Science. Bibliometric methods and indicators were used to classify the publications and summarize the overall number, countries/regions, institutions, journals, and other parameters of the publications.ResultsThe global output of nursing‐related funded research publications increased significantly over time. The three leading countries with the highest number of funded publications were the United States, Australia, and the United Kingdom, with the United States accounting for 15 of the top 20 institutions associated with funded publications, which mostly included institutions of higher education. The most common disciplines of these publications were oncology, psychiatry, and paediatrics. The top three journals that published the largest number of nursing‐related funded publications were the Journal of Clinical Nursing, the Journal of Advanced Nursing, and the International Journal of Nursing Studies. Keywords with the highest frequency of occurrence included “nurses,” “qualitative research,” “older people,” “quality of life,” “depression,” “cancer,” and “children.”ConclusionsNursing‐related research has been drawing increasing attention over the years. Analysing the output of funded publications and monitoring the new dynamics of the international development of academic research in the field of nursing are crucial for determining future directions of nursing‐related research development.ImpactThe results of this study will provide a reference for scholars to evaluate the current utilization efficiency of global nursing‐related research funding and demonstrate the development and trends in nursing‐related research.
Commentary: Splitting and lumping brain and childhood adversity measures – a commentary on Gheorghe, Li, Gallacher, and Bauermeister (2020)
Authors: Tiemeier Henning 
Published: October 2020

The article by Gheorghe, Li, Gallacher & Bauermeister (2020) reports a neuroimaging study of childhood adversity assessed retrospectively in persons aged, on average, 62 years. Severe child maltreatment has repeatedly been related to enduring alterations in brain structure. These studies are typically conducted in high‐risk samples, often combining different forms of adversity that co‐occur in one adversity score. The authors chose to separately analyse each of three adversity questions that tap into emotional abuse, neglect and physical abuse. In contrast, the brain structural measures are combined to several latent variables. In this commentary, I argue that this analytical strategy, which runs counter to the common practice, is a strength of the study. As such, it provides important evidence of long‐term brain developmental consequences of early adversities. The results suggest that memories of emotional abuse, but not other common adversities, are associated with differences in the cerebellum and part of the striatum only.
Wear debris released by hip prosthesis analysed by microcomputed tomography
Authors: CHAPPARD D. , RONY L. , DUCELLIER F. , STEIGER V. , HUBERT L. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryTotal hip arthroplasty uses commercial devices that combine different types of biomaterials. Among them, metals, ceramics and metal oxides can be used either in the prosthesis itself or in the cement used to anchor them in the bone. Over time, all of these materials can wear out and release particles that accumulate in the periprosthetic tissues or can migrate away. We used histology blocks from 15 patients (5 titanium metallosis, 5 alumina prostheses, 5 with altered methacrylic cement) to perform a microCT study and compare it with conventional histology data. An EDS‐SEM analysis was done to characterise the atomic nature of the materials involved. A morphometric analysis was also performed in 3D to count the particles and assess their density and size. The metallic particles appeared to be the largest and the ceramic particles the finest. However, microCT could not reveal the wear particles of radiolucent biomaterials such as polyethylene and the very fine zirconia particles from cement fragmentation. MicroCT analysis can reveal the extent of the accumulation of these debris in the periprosthetic tissues.Layout DescriptionHip prostheses progressively degrade in the body by releasing wear debris. They accumulate in the periprosthetic tissues. Microcomputed tomography was used to image three types of radio‐opaque wear debris: metal, ceramic and zirconia used in the bone cements.
Desert truffle genomes reveal their reproductive modes and new insights into plant–fungal interaction and ectendomycorrhizal lifestyle
Authors: Marqués‐Gálvez José Eduardo , Miyauchi Shingo , Paolocci Francesco , Navarro‐Ródenas Alfonso , Arenas Francisco , Pérez‐Gilabert Manuela , Morin Emmanuelle , Auer Lucas , Barry Kerrie W. , Kuo Alan , Grigoriev Igor V. , Martin Francis M. , Kohler Annegret , Morte Asunción 
Published: October 2020

Summary

Desert truffles are edible hypogeous fungi forming ectendomycorrhizal symbiosis with plants of Cistaceae family. Knowledge about the reproductive modes of these fungi and the molecular mechanisms driving the ectendomycorrhizal interaction is lacking.

Genomes of the highly appreciated edible desert truffles Terfezia claveryi Chatin and Tirmania nivea Trappe have been sequenced and compared with other Pezizomycetes. Transcriptomes of T. claveryi × Helianthemum almeriense mycorrhiza from well‐watered and drought‐stressed plants, when intracellular colonizations is promoted, were investigated.

We have identified the fungal genes related to sexual reproduction in desert truffles and desert‐truffles‐specific genomic and secretomic features with respect to other Pezizomycetes, such as the expansion of a large set of gene families with unknown Pfam domains and a number of species or desert‐truffle‐specific small secreted proteins differentially regulated in symbiosis. A core set of plant genes, including carbohydrate, lipid‐metabolism, and defence‐related genes, differentially expressed in mycorrhiza under both conditions was found.

Our results highlight the singularities of desert truffles with respect to other mycorrhizal fungi while providing a first glimpse on plant and fungal determinants involved in ecto to endo symbiotic switch that occurs in desert truffle under dry conditions.
Studying the probability of spruce beetle caused mortality in Colorado's spruce forests using Bayesian hierarchical models
Authors: Suksavate Warong , Wei Yu , Lundquist John 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe association between environmental factors and Engelmann spruce mortality in western Colorado was investigated using Bayesian hierarchical zero‐and‐one inflated beta regressive model. The results indicated that the probability of mortality occurrence rate was positively associated with moderate to warm temperature zones, moderate precipitation, and single canopy stands with the smaller size class of spruce within stands. The probability of full mortality rate was positively associated with warm and humid climate zones with spruce as subdominant species in the vertically complex stands. On the other hand, higher mortality rate was more associated with local stand characteristics than climate factors that low mortality rate associated with stands dominated by spruce of a large size classes. The correlation model offers an approach to create predicted risk map for probability and rate of spruce mortality that could help manager in precedent planning for the upcoming outbreak events.Recommendations for Resource Managers

This study aims to investigate the environmental association of spruce bark beetle caused mortality in landscape context with binomial‐beta hierarchical framework.
Both regional‐scale climate and stand‐level characteristics should be considered to assess the risk and severity of outbreak caused mortality at a large spatial scale.
The mortality risk is higher and more severe in warmer zones, especially the stands with spruce as subdominant tree species should be more concerned.
Predicted map could improve the ability to spatially assess the risk of spruce mortality assisting managers to be better prepared for the future outbreaks, particularly in the risky area.