bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multisource Feedback in the Trauma Context: Priorities and Perspectives
Authors: Garcia Popov Andrei , Hall Andrew K. , Chaplin Timothy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesTrauma resuscitations require competence in both clinical and nonclinical skills but these can be difficult to observe and assess. Multisource feedback (MSF) is workplace‐based, involves the direct observation of learners, and can provide feedback on nonclinical skills. We sought to compare and contrast the priorities of multidisciplinary trauma team members when assessing resident trauma team captain (TTC) performance. Additionally, we aimed to describe the nature of the assessment and perceived the utility of incorporating MSF into the trauma context.MethodsA convenience sample of 10 trauma team activations were observed. Following each activation, the attending physician trauma team leader (TTL), TTC, and a registered nurse (RN) participated in a semistructured interview. MSF was not provided to the TTC for the purpose of this study because MSF was not part of the assessment process of TTCs at the time of this study and maintaining anonymity may have encouraged more honest interview responses. Transcripts from each assessor group (TTL, TTC, RN) were coded and assigned to one of the five crisis resource management skills: leadership, communication, situational awareness, resource utilization, and problem‐solving. Comments were also coded as positive, negative, or neutral as interpreted by the coder.ResultsAll assessor groups mentioned communication skills most frequently. After communication, the RN and TTC groups commented on situational awareness most frequently, comprising 15 and 29% of their total responses, respectively, whereas 31% of the TTL comments focused on leadership skills. The RN and TTL groups provided positive assessments, with 51 and 42% of their respective comments coded as positive. Forty‐five percent of self‐assessment comments in the TTC group were negative. All (100%) of the TTC and TTL respondents felt that incorporating MSF would add to the quality of feedback, only 66% of the RN group felt that way.ConclusionsWe found that each assessor group brings a unique focus and perspective to the assessment of resident TTC performance. The future inclusion of MSF in the trauma team context has the potential to enhance the learning environment in a clinical arena that is difficult to directly observe and assess.
Endangerment of Ostrya rehderiana Chun and its relationship with rhizosphere soil microflora
Authors: Tong Xiaxiu , Wang Keyun , Chen Zhehao , Wang Lilin , Xiang Taihe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOstrya rehderiana Chun (Or) is an endangered plant in China. The rhizosphere microbial community is one of the key factors influencing the growth and development of plants. Soil samples in the rhizosphere of wild Or (W_Or), cultivated Or (C_Or) and the predominant plant species Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Diet (CfH) all growing in the same habitat were investigated. We performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 16S rDNA region for bacteria and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA regions for fungi in the rhizosphere. At genus level the predominant bacteria in the rhizosphere of both W_Or and CfH were higher, and the species distribution profiles exhibited higher similarities. The distribution profiles of fungal species at the genus level in the rhizosphere of W_Or and C_Or also exhibited higher similarities. The similarity in bacterial diversity at the genus levels between W_Or and C_Or exhibited higher similarities, whereas that of fungal diversity at the genus levels between W_Or and CfH exhibited higher similarities. There existed Rhizophlyctis and Termitomyces species capable of degrading cellulose and lignin in the rhizosphere of both W_Or and C_Or. These species may affect the normal formation of the cell wall of Or. Bacterial species Mycena were capable of enhancing the growth of plant root system, Suillus, Geomyces, Gigaspora and Phlebia were capable of degrading many types of wastes were only present in CfH. The absence of these beneficial strains in both W_Or and C_Or may be one of the causes of the growth and development retardation of Or.
Sleep disordered breathing and daytime hypoventilation in a male with MECP2 mutation
Authors: Cacciatori Elena , Lelii Mara , Russo Silvia , Alari Valentina , Masciadri Maura , Guez Sophie , Patria Maria Francesca , Marchisio Paola , Milani Donatella 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRett syndrome (RTT, MIM * 312750) is an X‐linked neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic variants at the Xq28 region involving the gene methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2, MIM * 300005). The spectrum of MECP2‐related phenotypes is wide and it ranges from asymptomatic female carriers to severe neonatal‐onset encephalopathy in males. Abnormal breathing represents one of the leading features, but today little is known about polysomnographic features in RTT females; no data are available about males. We report the case of a male of Moroccan origins with a MECP2 pathogenic variant and a history of encephalopathy and severe breathing disturbances in the absence of dysmorphic features. For the first time we describe in detail the polysomnographic characteristics of a MECP2‐mutated male and we show the relevance of severe central apneas, which may represent a new clinical clue to suggest the diagnosis. Moreover, we want to highlight the importance to maintain a high index of suspicion for MECP2‐related disorders in the presence of severe hypotonia, apneic crises, and respiratory insufficiency in males to permit an earlier diagnosis and the consequent definition of recurrence risk of the family and to avoid other useless and invasive exams.
TWAS pathway method greatly enhances the number of leads for uncovering the molecular underpinnings of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Chatzinakos Chris , Georgiadis Foivos , Lee Donghyung , Cai Na , Vladimirov Vladimir I. , Docherty Anna , Webb Bradley T. , Riley Brien P. , Flint Jonathan , Kendler Kenneth S. , Daskalakis Nikolaos P. , Bacanu Silviu‐Alin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGenetic signal detection in genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) is enhanced by pooling small signals from multiple Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), for example, across genes and pathways. Because genes are believed to influence traits via gene expression, it is of interest to combine information from expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTLs) in a gene or genes in the same pathway. Such methods, widely referred to as transcriptomic wide association studies (TWAS), already exist for gene analysis. Due to the possibility of eliminating most of the confounding effects of linkage disequilibrium (LD) from TWAS gene statistics, pathway TWAS methods would be very useful in uncovering the true molecular basis of psychiatric disorders. However, such methods are not yet available for arbitrarily large pathways/gene sets. This is possibly due to the quadratic (as a function of the number of SNPs) computational burden for computing LD across large chromosomal regions. To overcome this obstacle, we propose JEPEGMIX2‐P, a novel TWAS pathway method that (a) has a linear computational burden, (b) uses a large and diverse reference panel (33 K subjects), (c) is competitive (adjusts for background enrichment in gene TWAS statistics), and (d) is applicable as‐is to ethnically mixed‐cohorts. To underline its potential for increasing the power to uncover genetic signals over the commonly used nontranscriptomics methods, for example, MAGMA, we applied JEPEGMIX2‐P to summary statistics of most large meta‐analyses from Psychiatric Genetics Consortium (PGC). While our work is just the very first step toward clinical translation of psychiatric disorders, PGC anorexia results suggest a possible avenue for treatment.
Stabilisierung von Pentaphospholen als η5‐koordinierende Liganden
Authors: Riesinger Christoph , Balázs Gábor , Bodensteiner Michael , Scheer Manfred 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDie elektrophile Funktionalisierung von [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)] (1) ergibt die ersten Übergangsmetallkomplexe von Pentaphospholen (cyclo‐P5R). Die Silylierung von 1 mit [(Et3Si)2(μ‐H)][B(C6F5)4] führt zur Bildung der ionischen Spezies [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5SiEt3)][B(C6F5)4] (2), deren Folgereaktion mit H2O die Stammverbindung [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5H)][B(C6F5)4] (3) ergibt. Die Synthese eines kohlenstoffsubstituierten Derivates [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5Me)][X] ([X]−=[FB(C6F5)3]− (4 a), [B(C6F5)4]− (4 b)) kann durch die Methylierung von 1 durch Verwendung von [Me3O][BF4] und B(C6F5)3 oder einer Kombination aus MeOTf und [Li(OEt2)2][B(C6F5)4] ausgeführt werden. Die strukturelle Charakterisierung dieser Verbindungen zeigt eine leicht gewinkelte Struktur für den cyclo‐P5R‐Liganden. Detaillierte NMR‐spektroskopische Untersuchungen deuten auf ein hochdynamisches Verhalten hin und damit auf eine unterschiedliche Labilität für 2 und 3 in Lösung. DFT‐Rechnungen geben Aufschluss über die elektronische Struktur und die Bindungssituation dieser neuartigen Klasse von Verbindungen.
Stabilization of Pentaphospholes as η5‐Coordinating Ligands
Authors: Riesinger Christoph , Balázs Gábor , Bodensteiner Michael , Scheer Manfred 
Published: September 2020

AbstractElectrophilic functionalisation of [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)] (1) yields the first transition‐metal complexes of pentaphospholes (cyclo‐P5R). Silylation of 1 with [(Et3Si)2(μ‐H)][B(C6F5)4] leads to the ionic species [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5SiEt3)][B(C6F5)4] (2), whose subsequent reaction with H2O yields the parent compound [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5H)][B(C6F5)4] (3). The synthesis of a carbon‐substituted derivative [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5Me)][X] ([X]−=[FB(C6F5)3]− (4 a), [B(C6F5)4]− (4 b)) is achieved by methylation of 1 employing [Me3O][BF4] and B(C6F5)3 or a combination of MeOTf and [Li(OEt2)2][B(C6F5)4]. The structural characterisation of these compounds reveals a slight envelope structure for the cyclo‐P5R ligand. Detailed NMR‐spectroscopic studies suggest a highly dynamic behaviour and thus a distinct lability for 2 and 3 in solution. DFT calculations shed light on the electronic structure and bonding situation of this unprecedented class of compounds.
Water‐born 3D nanofiber mats using cost‐effective centrifugal spinning: comparison with electrospinning process: A complex study
Authors: Rihova Martina , Ince Ahmet Erdem , Cicmancova Veronika , Hromadko Ludek , Castkova Klara , Pavlinak David , Vojtova Lucy , Macak Jan M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA comparison of the electrostatic and centrifugal spinning of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) is shown in terms of the resulting fiber morphology and the process conditions. Specific parameters of centrifugal spinning, such rotational speed of spinneret and the relative humidity, were extensively investigated in details. Morphologies and diameters of resulting fiber mats were investigated by a scanning electron microscopy and compared between the two spinning techniques. The results revealed that formation of fibers is mainly affected by the initial polymer concentrations (and resulting viscosities) of polymeric solutions, which is in line with previous reports. However, the key novel finding of this work is that increasing relative humidity during centrifugal spinning process leads to greatly reduced fiber diameters to the levels typical for electrospinning. The obtained comparison is discussed and clearly shows technological advantages of the centrifugal spinning over electrospinning, enabling quantitative production of fibers with same or similar diameters.
Nafion® reinforced with polyacrylonitrile/ZrO2 nanofibers for direct methanol fuel cell application
Authors: Sigwadi Rudzani , Mokrani Touhami , Dhlamini Simon , Msomi Phumlani Fortune 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNafion® membrane blended with polyacrylonitrile nanofibers decorated with ZrO2 was successfully fabricated. The composite membrane showed improved proton conductivity, swelling ratio, thermal and mechanical stability, reduced methanol crossover, and enhanced fuel cell efficiency. The nanocomposite membranes achieved a reduced methanol crossover of 5.465 × 10−8 cm2 S−1 compared to 9.118 × 10−7 cm2 S−1 of recast Nafion® membrane using a 5 M methanol solution at 80°C. The composite membrane also showed an ion conductivity of 1.84 compared to 0.25 S cm−1 recast Nafion® at 25°C. The composite membranes showed a peak power density of 68.7 mW·cm−2 at 25°C, these results show a promising composite membrane for fuel cell application.
Development of a reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of propranolol in different skin layers
Authors: Cunha‐Filho Marcilio , Rocha Jessika Layane , Duarte Natane C.B. , Sa‐Barreto Lívia L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method using HPLC for the determination of propranolol in the different layers of the skin to be used in kinetic studies of skin permeation. The development of the method was based on the suitability of the chromatogram, and the validation followed the international health regulation for bioanalytical methods. In addition, the method was tested in an in vitro permeation assay using porcine skin. The drug was determined using an RP‐C18 column at 30°C, a mobile phase comprising acidic aqueous phase:acetonitrile (75:25 v/v), at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min−1, and UV detection at 290 nm. The method was demonstrated to be selective against skin contaminants, linear in a wide range of concentrations (3–20 μg mL−1), sensitive enough to quantify less than 0.1% of the drug dosage in skin matrices, and precise regardless of analysis variations such as day of analysis, analyst, or equipment. In addition, the method presented a high drug extraction capacity greater than 90% for all skin layers (stratum corneum, hair follicle, and remaining skin). Finally, the method was successfully tested in skin permeation assays, proving its value in the development of topical formulations containing propranolol.
Neural correlates of verbal recognition memory in obese adults with and without major depressive disorder
Authors: Restivo Maria R. , Hall Geoffrey B. , Frey Benicio N. , McKinnon Margaret C. , Taylor Valerie H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundObesity and major depressive disorder (MDD) independently contribute to memory impairment. Little is known about shared neural mechanisms that may result in the cognitive impairment experienced by these populations. This study's aim was to determine how obesity impacts neural activity during a verbal recognition memory task in individuals both with and without MDD.MethodsFunctional magnetic resonance imaging was employed to examine whether differences in neural activation patterns would be seen across three groups during the Warrington's Recognition Memory Test. Three study groups are reported: 20 subjects with obesity but without MDD (bariatric controls), 23 subjects with past or current MDD and obesity, and 20 normal BMI controls (healthy controls).ResultsThree‐group conjunction analyses indicated that overlapping neural regions were activated during both encoding and retrieval processes across all groups. However, second‐level 2‐group t‐contrasts indicated that neural activation patterns differed when comparing healthy and bariatric controls, and when comparing bariatric controls and bariatric MDD participants.DiscussionResults indicate that obesity in conjunction with MDD confers a subtle impact on neural functioning. Given high rates of obesity and MDD comorbidity, and the role of cognition on ability to return to premorbid level of functioning, this association should inform treatment decisions.
Expression profile and bioinformatics analysis of circular RNA in intestinal mucosal injury and repair after severe burns
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Yan Hao , Deng Yuequ , Lou Jiaqi , Zhang Pan , Cui Qingwei , Sun Han , Tang Hao , Sun Yuan , Yang Juan , Li Dan , Sun Yong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCircular RNA (circRNA) is a novel noncoding RNA that is mostly found in humans and animals. Although the flux of circRNA research has increased in recent years, its precise function is still unclear. Some studies demonstrate that circRNAs can function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges involved in the regulation of competitive endogenous RNAs networks and play a crucial role in many biological processes. Other studies show that circRNAs play multiple biological roles in gastrointestinal diseases. However, the expression characteristics and function of circRNA in intestinal mucosal injury and repair after severe burn have not been reported. This study aims to screen differentially expressed circRNAs in intestinal mucosal injury and repair after severe burns and understand their underlying mechanisms. To test our hypothesis that circRNA may play a role in promoting repair in intestinal mucosa injury after severe burns, we collected the intestinal tissues of three severely burned mice and three pseudo‐scalded mice and evaluated the expression of circRNAs via microarray analysis. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was also used to validate the circRNA microarray data by selecting six based on different multiples, original values, and p values. The host genes of all differentially expressed circRNAs and the downstream target genes of six selected DEcircRNAs were identified by Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. Meanwhile, we also created a circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA network to predict the role and function of circRNAs in intestinal mucosal injury and repair after severe burns.
In Situ Self‐Supporting Cobalt Embedded in Nitrogen‐Doped Porous Carbon as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts
Authors: Gao Yuan , Gong Xiaoman , Zhong Haihong , Li Dianqing , Tang Pinggui , Alonso‐Vante Nicolas , Feng Yongjun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA facile two‐step chemical route using cobalt ions coordinated with EDTA (CoII/EDTA chelate complex supported on glucose mixture), followed by the in situ pyrolysis process, from 500 to 900 °C, was developed to prepare Co embedded in N‐doped porous carbon hybrids (Co@C−T). The EDTA chelating agent served as both the N source and pore former. The physicochemical characterization results revealed that the pore structure, graphitization degree, and relative content of active centers, e. g., cobalt‐based components and nitrogen species, for Co@C−T electrocatalysts, were tailored by controlling the temperature of pyrolysis. The optimized material generated at 600 °C (Co@C‐600), showed an excellent oxygen reduction reaction activity with an onset potential of 0.91 V vs. RHE, and a half‐wave potential of 0.80 V vs. RHE. In addition, the Co@C‐600 catalyst showed superior durability and stability compared to the benchmark Pt/C.
Siloxyaluminate and Siloxygallate Complexes as Models for Framework and Partially Hydrolyzed Framework Sites in Zeolites and Zeotypes
Authors: Dombrowski James P. , Ziegler Micah S. , Phadke Neelay M. , Mansoor Erum , Levine Daniel S. , Witzke Ryan J. , Head‐Gordon Martin , Bell Alexis T. , Tilley T. Don 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAnionic molecular models for nonhydrolyzed and partially hydrolyzed aluminum and gallium framework sites on silica, M[OSi(OtBu)3]4− and HOM[OSi(OtBu)3]3− (where M=Al or Ga), were synthesized from anionic chlorides Li{M[OSi(OtBu)3]3Cl} in salt metathesis reactions. Sequestration of lithium cations with [12]crown‐4 afforded charge‐separated ion pairs composed of monomeric anions M[OSi(OtBu)3]4− with outer‐sphere [([12]crown‐4)2Li]+ cations, and hydroxides {HOM[OSi(OtBu)3]3} with pendant [([12]crown‐4)Li]+ cations. These molecular models were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, vibrational spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Upon treatment of monomeric [([12]crown‐4)Li]{HOM[OSi(OtBu)3]3} complexes with benzyl alcohol, benzyloxide complexes were formed, modeling a possible pathway for the formation of active sites for Meerwin–Ponndorf–Verley (MPV) transfer hydrogenations with Al/Ga‐doped silica catalysts.
A Photoclick‐Based High‐Throughput Screening for the Directed Evolution of Decarboxylase OleT
Authors: Markel Ulrich , Lanvers Pia , Sauer Daniel F. , Wittwer Malte , Dhoke Gaurao V. , Davari Mehdi D. , Schiffels Johannes , Schwaneberg Ulrich 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEnzymatic oxidative decarboxylation is an up‐and‐coming reaction yet lacking efficient screening methods for the directed evolution of decarboxylases. Here, we describe a simple photoclick assay for the detection of decarboxylation products and its application in a proof‐of‐principle directed evolution study on the decarboxylase OleT. The assay was compatible with two frequently used OleT operation modes (directly using hydrogen peroxide as the enzyme's co‐substrate or using a reductase partner) and the screening of saturation mutagenesis libraries identified two enzyme variants shifting the enzyme's substrate preference from long chain fatty acids toward styrene derivatives. Overall, this photoclick assay holds promise to speed‐up the directed evolution of OleT and other decarboxylases.
Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties of a Quinoxalino‐Phenanthrophenazine (QPP) Extended Tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ)
Authors: Ueberricke Lucas , Punja Benke Bahiru , Kirschbaum Tobias , Hahn Sebastian , Rominger Frank , Bunz Uwe H. F. , Mastalerz Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA six‐step synthesis towards a tribenzotriquinacene (TBTQ) bearing three quinoxalinophenanthrophenazine (QPP) units is presented. The optoelectronic properties are investigated and the effect of the three‐dimensional arrangement of the individual QPP planes is examined using optical spectroscopy, electrochemical analysis and quantum‐chemical calculations.
Synthesis of Low‐Valent Dinuclear Group 14 Compounds with Element–Element Bonds by Transylidation
Authors: Mohapatra Chandrajeet , Darmandeh Heidar , Steinert Henning , Mallick Bert , Feichtner Kai‐Stephan , Gessner Viktoria H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDinuclear low‐valent compounds of the heavy main group elements are rare species owing to their intrinsic reactivity. However, they represent desirable target molecules due to their unusual bonding situations as well as applications in bond activations and materials synthesis. The isolation of such compounds usually requires the use of substituents that provide sufficient stability and synthetic access. Herein, we report on the use of strongly donating ylide‐substituents to access low‐valent dinuclear group 14 compounds. The ylides not only impart steric and electronic stabilization, but also allow facile synthesis via transfer of an ylide from tetrylene precursors of type RY2E to ECl2 (E=Ge, Sn; RY=TolSO2(PR3)C with R=Ph, Cy). This method allowed the isolation of dinuclear complexes amongst a germanium analogue of a vinyl cation, [(PhY)2GeGe(PhY)]+ with an electronic structure best described as a germylene‐stabilized GeII cation and a ylide(chloro)digermene [CyY(Cl)GeGe(Cl)CyY] with an unusually unsymmetrical structure.