bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pollutant removal and growth dynamics of macrophyte species for faecal sludge treatment with constructed wetland technology
Authors: Osei Agyemang Richard , Konate Yacouba , Abagale Felix Kofi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractConstructed wetland technology is an innovative engineering technique for faecal sludge (FS) management. The presence of emergent macrophytes enhances the important processes of evapotranspiration, sludge mineralisation, and contaminant reduction. Consequently, selecting a species that can withstand the difficult sludge contaminated conditions within a local context is vital. This study monitored the pollutant removal potentials and growth dynamics of Bambusa vulgaris and Cymbopogon nardus as promising macrophytes for the constructed wetland technology in the Sudano-Sahelian context. The experiment, at pilot scale, consisted of plastic reactors (27 litre) filled with filter media of sand and fine gravels at the base, and planted with the selected species. Pollutant removal efficiencies were evaluated based on differences between influent and effluent concentrations, and physiological growth parameters of plant height, number of leaves and number of plants were monitored monthly. Total annual sludge loading rate of 31.4 and 103.4 kg TS/(m2·yr) (TS: total solids) were determined for FS + wastewater (acclimatisation phase) and FS load respectively. Both species recorded appreciable pollutant removal efficiency &gt;80% for the organic (chemical oxygen demand), nutrients (PO43_P and NH4-N) and solid (total suspended solids and total volatile solids) contents. The species thus demonstrated satisfactory performance of resistance for faecal polluted wetland conditions.
Involute the reactivity of persulfate with zero-valent iron for enhanced removal of arsenic (V) in aspect involvement of Fe2+ or Fe3+
Authors: Wang Yue , Chang Tianying , Zhang Zhengchao , Pei Kaijie , Fu Jie , Liu Tingyi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Being a fundamental issue regarding sewage treatment, heavy metals removal from industrial effluents has been subject to intense scrutiny in both the academic and practical worlds. The removal of pentavalent arsenic (As(V)), one of the most poisonous pollutants, was investigated using a sodium persulfate and iron powder system activated by ferrous ions (Fe2+-ZVI-PS). As(V) could be effectively removed by an Fe2+-ZVI-PS system in a timely fashion (minute scale) with high removal rates (more than 90.0%) over a wide range of pH (1–9) and concentration (20–100 mg/L). The removal of As(V) by the Fe2+-ZVI-PS system integrated favorably with the pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics. Researches on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) demonstrated that the Fe2+-ZVI-PS system enables the removal of As(V) through the process of co-precipitation and adsorption. Our findings thus emphasized that the Fe2+-ZVI-PS system should be an effective trigger to purifying arsenic from the environment. Our results indicated that the Fe2+-ZVI-PS system could be an effective candidate for remediation of arsenic in the environment.
A farm-scale grass biorefinery concept for combined pig feed and biogas production
Authors: Tampio Elina , Winquist Erika , Luostarinen Sari , Rinne Marketta 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study assessed the nutrient flows and the economic viability of a farm-scale grass biorefinery concept for a pig farm. Grass silage was separated into liquid and solid fractions; the liquid fraction was used as pig feed and the solid fraction was directed to biogas production together with pig slurry. The addition of grass to the farm's crop rotation and its use in feed and biogas production slightly increased the share of nitrogen (N) circulating within the farm (by 2%), thus decreasing phosphorus circulation by 3%. Despite the positive effect on N balance, the economy of the farm-scale concept had challenges. However, upgrading biogas to vehicle fuel and selling it on farm was more economically viable than combined heat and power production. The proposed concept could be economically viable with a slight increase in the price of vehicle fuel, a moderate increase in the price of the grass liquid fraction, or better optimization of the system, starting with grass cultivation and processing. Moreover, profitable production could also be reached by increasing the scale of production by increasing farm size or by two or more farms working together.
Novel Treatment for the Most Resistant Schizophrenia: Dual Activation of NMDA Receptor and Antioxidant
Authors: Lin Chieh-Hsin , Chen Yu-Ming , Lane Hsien-Yuan 
Published: October 2019

:
Clozapine has been regarded as the last-line antipsychotic agent for patients with refractory
schizophrenia. However, many patients remain unresponsive to clozapine, referred to as “clozapineresistant”,
“ultra-treatment-resistant”, or remain in incurable state. There has been no convincing evidence
for augmentation on clozapine so far. Novel treatments including numerous N-methyl-Daspartate
(NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) enhancers, such as glycine, D-serine, D-cycloserine, and Nmethylglycine
(sarcosine) failed in clinical trials.

:
Earlier, the inhibition of D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) that may metabolize D-amino acids and activate
NMDAR has been reported to be beneficial for patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotics
except for clozapine. A recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial found
that add-on sodium benzoate, a DAAO inhibitor, improved the clinical symptoms in patients with clozapine-
resistant schizophrenia, possibly through DAAO inhibition (and thereby NMDAR activation)
and antioxidation as well; additionally, sodium benzoate showed no obvious side effects, indicating
that the treatment is safe at doses up to 2 g per day for 6 weeks. More studies are warranted to elucidate
the mechanisms of sodium benzoate for the treatment of schizophrenia and the etiology of this
severe brain disease. If the finding can be reconfirmed, this approach may bring new hope for the
treatment of the most refractory schizophrenia.

:
This review summarizes the current status of clinical trials and related mechanisms for treatmentresistant,
especially, clozapine-resistant schizophrenia. The importance of understanding the molecular circuit
switches is also highlighted which can restore brain function in patients with schizophrenia. Future
directions in developing better treatments for the most difficult to cure schizophrenia are also discussed.
A Series of New Hydrazone Derivatives: Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Anticholinesterase Activity Studies
Authors: Bozbey İrem , Özdemir Zeynep , Uslu Harun , Özçelik Azime Berna , Şenol Fatma Sezer , Orhan İlkay Erdoğan , Uysal Mehtap 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are known to
be serine hydrolase enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of acetylcholine (ACh), which is a significant
neurotransmitter for regulation of cognition in animals. Inhibition of cholinesterases is an effective
method to curb Alzheimer’s disease, a progressive and fatal neurological disorder.

Objective:
In this study, 30 new hydrazone derivatives were synthesized. Then we evaluated their anticholinesterase
activity of compounds. We also tried to get insights into binding interactions of the synthesized
compounds in the active site of both enzymes by using molecular docking approach.

Methods:
The compounds were synthesized by the reaction of various substituted/nonsubstituted benzaldehydes
with 6-(substitute/nonsubstituephenyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone-2-yl propiyohydrazide. Anticholinesterase
activity of the compounds was determined using Ellman’s method. Molecular docking
studies were done by using the ADT package version 1.5.6rc3 and showed by Maestro. RMSD values
were obtained using Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm and scoring function of AutoDock 4.2 release
4.2.5.1 software.

Results:
The activities of the compounds were compared with galantamine as cholinesterase enzyme
inhibitor, where some of the compounds showed higher BChE inhibitory activity than galantamine.
Compound F111 was shown to be the best BChE inhibitor effective in 50 μM dose, providing 89.43%
inhibition of BChE (IC50=4.27±0.36 μM).

Conclusion:
This study supports that novel hydrazone derivates may be used for the development of
new BChE inhibitory agents.
Assessment of Persistent, Bioaccumulative and Toxic Organic Environmental Pollutants in Liver and Adipose Tissue of Alzheimer’s Disease Patients and Age-matched Controls
Authors: Manivannan Bhagyashree , Yegambaram Manivannan , Supowit Samuel , Beach Thomas G. , Halden Rolf U. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Lifetime exposure to environmental (neuro) toxicants may contribute to the
pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Since many contaminants do not cross the blood-brain
barrier, brain tissue alone cannot serve to assess the spectrum of environmental exposures.

Methods:
We used liquid and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to monitor, in postmortem
liver and adipose tissues of AD patients and age-matched controls, the occurrence and
concentrations of 11 environmental contaminants.

Results:
Seven toxicants were detected at 100% frequency: p,p'-DDE, dieldrin, triclosan,
methylparaben, bisphenol A, fipronil and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). Intra-individual, tissuedependent
differences were detected for triclosan, methylparaben, fipronil and TBBPA. High
concentrations of p,p’-DDE and dieldrin were observed in adipose tissue when compared to liver values
for both AD cases and controls.

Conclusion:
This study provides vital data on organ-specific human body burdens to select analytes and
demonstrate the feasibility of analyzing small sample quantities for toxicants suspected to constitute AD
risk factors.
Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review
Authors: Talaei Ali , Forouzanfar Fatemeh , Akhondzadeh Shahin 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic and disabling mental
disorder encountered in neurologic practice. In spite of the several classes of drugs that are
available for the treatment of OCD, full remission remains challenging. Research on herbal remedies
has grown over the last decade.

Objective:
This present review article provides information regarding the plants that exhibited
protective effects on OCD.

Methods:
To retrieve articles related to the study, Web of Science, PubMed (NLM), Open Access
Journals, LISTA (EBSCO), and Google Scholar, with keywords including Medicinal plants, Psychiatric
disorders, Obsessive-compulsive disorder and Phytomedicine were used.

Results:
The plants which are used for the treatment of OCD are: Citrus aurantium, Crocus sativus,
Benincasa hispida, Withania somnifera, Colocasia esculenta, Hypericum perforatum, Valeriana
officinalis, Lagenaria siceraria and Echium amoenum.

Conclusion:
This review suggests that some medicinal plants can be potential drug candidates for
the treatment of OCD. Aside from this, the future focus should be on the standardization of herbal
extracts, and further research is required to be performed on the concept of mechanism. Clinical
research in this area is in its infancy and warrants further clinical research.
Development of the Modified Ocimum gratissimum Seeds for Orally Disintegrating Tablets
Authors: Dang Yen N.T. , Tran Phuong H.L. , Tran Thao T.D. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Natural materials have been encouraged in controlled drug release and improved
drug bioavailability.

Objective:
This study aimed to develop a modification process for the use of a natural material,
Ocimum gratissimum seeds (OGS), in Orally Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs).

Methods:
The OGS was investigated with four different modification processes including only milling,
swelling, swelling/milling, and swelling/milling/incubation. The ODTs containing the modified OGS
as a disintegrant were prepared by the wet granulation method. Furthermore, an evaluation to assess
parameters of tablets, such as weight variation, hardness, friability, wetting time, disintegration time,
drug content, and dissolution studies, was performed.

Results:
The modification of OGS using the swelling/ milling process resulted in a completion of OGS
modification, leading to an ideal wetting time, disintegrating time, and dissolution rate. The OGS concentrations
also affected the wetting and disintegrating time with the optimal range of ODTs from 15%
to 20%. On the other hand, the modification with the incubation processes varied by temperature and
time increased the wetting time and disintegrating time.

Conclusions:
The modified OGS demonstrated that it is a potential material with the advantages of
cost-effectiveness, non-toxicity and easy manufacture in the preparation of ODTs.
Understanding and Addressing Variation in Health Care–Associated Infections After Durable Ventricular Assist Device Therapy: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Chandanabhumma P Paul , Fetters Michael D , Pagani Francis D , Malani Preeti N , Hollingsworth John M , Funk Russell J , Aaronson Keith D , Zhang Min , Kormos Robert L , Chenoweth Carol E , Shore Supriya , Watt Tessa M F , Cabrera Lourdes , Likosky Donald S 
Published: October 2019

Background
Durable ventricular assist device (VAD) therapy is reserved for patients with advanced heart failure who have a poor estimated 1-year survival. However, despite highly protocolized management processes, patients are at a unique risk for developing a health care–associated infection (HAI). Few studies have examined optimal strategies for HAI prevention after durable VAD implantation, despite variability in rates across centers and their impact on short- and long-term outcomes.

Objective
The objective of this study is to develop recommendations for preventing the most significant HAIs after durable VAD implantation. The study has 3 specific aims: (1) identify determinants of center-level variability in HAI rates, (2) develop comprehensive understanding of barriers and facilitators for achieving low center-level HAI rates, and (3) develop and disseminate a best practices toolkit for preventing HAIs that accommodates various center contexts.

Methods
This is a sequential mixed methods study starting with a cross-sectional assessment of current practices. To address aim 1, we will conduct (1) a systematic review of HAI prevention studies and (2) in-depth quantitative analyses using administrative claims, in-depth clinical data, and organizational surveys of VAD centers. For aim 2, we will apply a mixed methods patient tracer assessment framework to conduct semistructured interviews, field observations, and document analysis informed by findings from aim 1 at 5 high-performing (ie, low HAIs) and 5 low-performing (ie, high HAI) centers, which will be examined using a mixed methods case series analysis. For aim 3, we will build upon the findings from the previous aims to develop and field test an HAI preventive toolkit, acquire stakeholder input at an annual cardiac surgical conference, disseminate the final version to VAD centers nationwide, and conduct follow-up surveys to assess the toolkit’s adoption.

Results
The project was funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality in 2018 and enrollment for the overall project is ongoing. Data analysis is currently under way and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2019.

Conclusions
This mixed methods study seeks to quantitatively assess the determinants of HAIs across clinical centers and qualitatively identify the context-specific facilitators and barriers for attaining low HAI rates. The mixed data findings will be used to develop and disseminate a stakeholder-acceptable toolkit of evidence-based HAI prevention recommendations that will accommodate the specific contexts and needs of VAD centers.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/14701
RELIGIÃO CÍVICA, RELIGIÃO CIVIL, RELIGIÃO PÚBLICA: CONTINUIDADES E DESCONTINUIDADES
Authors: Montero Paula 
Published: October 2019

Este texto visa trabalhar analítica e comparativamente três expressões
comumente utilizadas pela literatura das ciências humanas e da história para tratar das relações entre religião e política: “religião cívica”, “religião civil” e, mais recentemente “religião pública”. Partimos do suposto que essas diferentes abordagens, mais do que descrever e qualificar relações possíveis entre essas duas esferas, “esferas de valor”, como diria Weber, iluminam modos distintos de apreender o político e o religioso. Veremos que essa variação está em parte relacionada com o modo como a literatura trabalha com o conceito de Igreja. Nosso recorte se centrará para o conceito de “religião cívica” nos trabalhos publicados no volume La Religion Civique à l’Époque Mediévale et Moderne resultante do Colóquio organizado pelo Centre de Recherche Histoire Sociale et Culturelle de l’Occident em 1993 e, para os conceitos de “religião civil” e “religião pública”, nos trabalhos de Robert Bellah e de José Casanova.
REKAYASA DAN RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PILIN PLAT
Authors: Faihz Eka Sigit Naharudin , Sugito Bibit 
Published: October 2019

Rumah adalah salah satu kebutuhan pokok manusia setelah sandang (pakaian) dan pangan (makanan). Pembangunan perumahan suatu daerah tentunya tidak lepas dari peningkatan pertumbuhan penduduk di daerahnya. Sehingga tidak dipungkiri lagi bahwa semakin banyak penduduk maka dengan otomatis akan bertambahnya kebutuhan papan (rumah). Sehingga tidak dipungkiri lagi kebutuhan akan properti rumah akan meningkat. Oleh sebab itu kami merangcang desain mesin pilin untuk teralis model spiral. Yang bertujuan untuk memudahkan dan memenuhi kebutuhan dari konsumen.Dinilai dari sudut pandang ekonomi dapat disimpulkan bahwa bisnis dalam bidang properti memiliki nilai eksistensi yang cukup besar. Beberapa bisnis properti perumahan selain bidang konsultan dan pembangunan adalah desain interior dan eksterior. Desain interior mencakup penataan ruang dan seluruh kebutuhan di dalam rumah. Sedangkan desain eksterior lebih menitik beratkan pada tampilan rumah dari luar seperti area taman, pagar rumah dan lain sebagainya. Desain interior rumah selain menggunakan unsur kayu, saat ini mulai banyak ditambah logam. Alasannya adalah karena sifat logam yang kuat tahan lama dan mudah dalam perawatannya. Bisnis interior dan eksterior rumah yang berhubungan dengan logam adalah teralis jendela, tangga rumah, meja, kursi, dan lain sebagainya. Jenis logam yang digunakan bermacam-macam antara lain adalah besi pipa, besi beton, besi profil kotak, dan besi plat strip. Salah satu model besi yang menarik saat ini adalah besi model spiral atau sering disebut juga besi ulir tempa. Besi model spiral adalah hasil inovasi dari besi kotak. Seperti yang dilakukan oleh beberapa industri kecil menengah (UKM) atau bengkel-bengkel las. Inovasi tersebut dilakukan untuk menghasilkan produk baru yang berbeda serta meningkatkan daya jualnya.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Cu SURFACE IN THE LAMINATED STRUCTURE OF Cr-Cu COATINGS
Authors: Riyadi Tri Widodo Besar 
Published: October 2019

A laminated structure of Cr-Cu coating was produced by electroplating on a carbon steel substrate. Two baths of chromium and copper electrolyte solutions were prepared to respectively deposit Cr and Cu as the first and second layer. The Cr was plated using the same plating time of 60 minutes, whereas Cu was deposit using plating time of 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 3 hours and 3.5 hours. The effect of plating time on the thickness, hardness and specific wear rate of the Cu surface was investigated. The formed phase, thickness, hardness and specific wear rate of the Cu surface were observed using XRD, optical microscope, Vickers microhardness tester and Ogoshi wear rate tester, respectively. The results show that Cu was formed on the surface. An increase of the Cu plating time increased the thickness and the specific wear rate of the Cu surface, but reduced the hardness of Cu surface. Cu layer was observed denser than that of Cr. This study showed that the use of Cu can be a potential candidate to laminate Cr for use in corrosive environment. Keywords
PERAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER SISWA DI ERA REVOLOSI INDUSTRI 4.0 DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH NEGERI 1 BANYUMAS
Authors: Ningsih Tutuk 
Published: October 2019

The role of Islamic education is a very strong foundation and becomes a reference of developing studentsâ€™ character to face the Industrial Revolution 4.0 Era, and Islam is a source of truth and strength that can deliver ways on daily lives to achieve human character formation. Therefore, Islamic education is an important part of preparing the quality students. In other words, Islamic Education has a major contribution in the process of building students who have good character, have the ability to compete in the industrial revolution 4.0 era, have the ability to use global technology, and have the ability to adapt to the rapid development of technology. Islamic education is also expected to facilitate students to study hard consistently in order to face this era and students are expected to master sophisticated global technology without limits.

This study aims to describe and analyze the role of Islamic Education in building studentsâ€™ character in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. To achieve the purposes of the study, this study used a qualitative method with a qualitative-naturalistic approach. Various data collection techniques used in this study are observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation.
The results shows that the role of Islamic Education in building students' character was carried out through the following activities; 1) Intra-curricular activities: in this activity, the teacher inserts characters in the teaching and learning process of all subjects namely Qu'ran hadith, Fiqh, History of Islamic Culture, Arabic, and Aqeedah Akhlak. The teacher connects directly with material of akhlaq or character 2) Extra-curricular activities include: Tilawatil Qur'an (reading the Qur'an) using digital literacy methods, Tahfidzul Qur'an (memorizing the Qur'an), Qitobha, Hadroh (Islamic Music) and Calligraphy. Through these two types of activities built several characters: religious, honest, fond of reading, responsible, independent, appreciating achievements, caring socially and hard work. By having the character, the students are ready to face the industrial era 4.0.