bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antipsychotic Discontinuation and Suicide in Schizophrenia Patients A Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Choi Young , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Schizophrenia patients have shorter life expectancy relative to that of the general population, and their suicide risk is reportedly higher. Although antipsychotic discontinuation rates are high, antipsychotic treatment has been associated with lower suicide mortality, and patients who do not use antipsychotics are at greater risk of suicide relative to those who use the medication. Furthermore, maintenance treatment with antipsychotic drugs protects schizophrenia patients from relapse. However, little is known about antipsychotic discontinuation, suicide risk, or the time during which suicide risk is highest following antipsychotic discontinuation. Therefore, this study investigated whether discontinuity of antipsychotics is associated with suicide in schizophrenia patients.Methods A population-based nested case-control study was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance claims database (2002-2013). From the study population of 7,519 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia and at least one antipsychotics described, we identified 154 suicide cases and 760 matched controls. We calculated the days after last prescribed medication so that discontinuity of antipsychotics was defined. Conditional logistic regression were used to examine the association between discontinuity of antipsychotics and suicide adjusting for possible confounding covariates.Results Suicide risk was particularly high during the first thirty days after discharge after stopping antipsychotics compared with current user after adjusting all covariates (AOR: 4.667, 95% CI: 2.425–8.984).Conclusion Maintenance treatment with antipsychotics could help to reduce suicide risk. The results indicated that there is a need to monitor schizophrenia patients following antipsychotic discontinuation.
Bushenhuoxue formula inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption on rabbit steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head by suppressing NF-κB/NFATc1 pathway
Authors: Zhang Peng , Hu Songfeng , Xu Huihui , Yuan Wenhua , Xia Chenjie , Shi Zhenyu , Xu Rui , Fang Liang , Ge Qinwen , Mao Qiang , Wang Pinger , Tong Peijian , Jin Hongting 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Bushenhuoxue formula (BSHXF) on steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). Methods：Seventy-five male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups: control group, model group and BSHXF group. Rabbit SONFH was induced by methylprednisolone (MPS) combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At week 2 and 6 post induction, the corresponding number of rabbits were sacrificed, and the femoral heads were harvested for tissue analyses, including histopathology, mechanical test of femoral heads, micro-CT, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, immunohistochemistry for p-P65 and co-staining of TRAP and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Additionally, the serum TRACP5b level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Meanwhile, we also evaluated the effect of BSHXF treatment on osteoclastogenesis in vitro. The protein level of cathepsin K (CTSK), P65, p-P65 and NFATc1 in rabbit femoral heads and RAW264.7 cells were detected, respectively.Results: At weeks 2 and 6 post induction, the elevated TRAP, p-P65 expression and reduced ALP expression were observed in the model group, with decreases in weight-bearing capacity of femoral heads and bone mass. After BSHXF treatment, the ratio of empty lacuna and the incidence of osteonecrosis in BSHXF group were markedly lower than that in model group. Micro-CT evaluation indicated that BSHXF has a preventive effect on bone loss in rabbit SONFH. In addition, BSHXF treatment increased weight-bearing capacity of femoral heads and reduced TRAP+ osteoclasts and serum TRACP5b level. Interestingly, CTSK, p-P65 and NFATc1 upregulation in necrotic femoral head could be reversed by BSHXF treatment, which also effectively inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and down-regulated CTSK, p-P65 and NFATc1 expression in vitro.Conclusions: BSHXF could inhibit osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption on rabbit steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head by suppressing NF-κB/NFATc1 pathway.
Biotechnological Improvement of Nutritional Value of Rice straw using Fungi
Authors: Salem Mohamed F. , gaafar khalid mahmoud mohamed , elkhair Reham Nabil Abo , Abonama Osama M. , Yasseen Asmaa Abd-Elrasol , Abouelkhair Ahmed Adel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Effect of the Slope Angle and Its Classification on Landslide
Authors: Çellek Seda 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The preparation of landslide susceptibility maps is a complex process with regards to the selection of the study field, parameters, and methods. The phase after the determination of the landslide distribution in landslide susceptibility studies is the selection of the methods and parameters to be used. However, first, as in this study, a comprehensive literature search is required. A review of approximately 1500 randomly selected publications revealed that it was necessary to select a parameter based on the area, and the research showed that, in each study, the most preferred parameter was the slope angle. Moreover, there is nearly a consensus of opinion among researchers regarding the use of the slope angle. The current research included the definitions of the slope angle put forth by different researchers, the advantages and disadvantages of its use, the different classifications that have been used, the intervals of the landslides, its use together with other parameters, and its effect on landslides. Generally, it was observed that automatic slope angle classifications have been used in the preparation of landslide maps in the literature. Therefore, there is no standard in slope angle maps nor in the class range that is referenced when preparing them. In this study, the class ranges and slope angle values of areas where landslides have occurred were determined from the literature, and of these, 40 landslides areas were selected in Turkey and their slope angle maps were created. These were evaluated according to the slope angle classes determined in the literature. The effects of the slope angle on the landslide were determined, and an understanding was gained of how important it was to be careful when determining the classification of the slope angle. When smaller class ranges were selected, different results were obtained. This showed that following parameter selection, the selection of the range of classes was vital in the preparation of landslide susceptibility maps.
Mood Symptoms and Other Maternal Factors in Pregnancy and Adverse Neonate Outcomes
Authors: Li Hua , Bowen Angela , Bowen Rudy , Muhajarine Nazeem , Balbuena Lloyd 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Antenatal women experience a higher level of mood symptoms, which have negative effects on mothers’ mental and physical health and their newborns. The relation of maternal moods including depression and anxiety and other maternal factors in pregnancy and neonate outcomes are well-studied with inconsistent findings. Although antenatal women experience a higher level of mood instability (MI), the association between antenatal MI and neonatal outcomes has not been investigated. We aimed to address this gap and to contribute to the pregnancy-neonate outcomes literature by examining the relationship between antenatal mood symptoms and other maternal factors and neonatal outcomes.Methods A prospective cohort of women (n = 555) participated in this study at early pregnancy (T1, 17.4 ± 4.9 weeks) and late pregnancy (T2, 30.6 ± 2.7 weeks). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess antenatal depressive symptoms, the EPDS anxiety subscale was utilized to measure anxiety symptoms, and mood instability was measured using a visual analogue scale. These mood states together with stress, social support, as well as healthy and unhealthy behaviours were also examined in relation to neonatal outcomes using chi-square tests and logistic regression models. Results Depression and MI were unrelated to adverse neonatal outcomes and anxiety was related to Apgar score with marginal statistical significance. Higher stress, lack of partner support, smoking, and primiparous status were associated with some adverse outcomes.Conclusions The current study identified no associations between antenatal mood symptoms and neonatal outcomes. Our findings further support and extend previous evidence on smoking abstinence or cessation, and the provision of resources for stress management and social support that could help prevent or alleviate adverse neonatal outcomes.
Disorder-induced splitting in quasiparticle
interference of Bi2Te3 Dirac electrons
Authors: Stolyarov Vasily , Sheina Valeria , Khokhlov Dmitrii , Vlaic Sergio , Pons Stéphane , Aubin Herve , Akzyanov Ramil , Vasenko Andrey , Menshchikova Tatiana , Chulkov Evgueni , Golubov Alexander , Cren Tristan , Roditchev Dimitri 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Inelastic interactions of quantum systems with environment usually wash coherent effects out. In the case of Friedel oscillations, the presence of disorder leads to a fast decay of the oscillation amplitude. Here we show both experimentally and theoretically that in the three-dimensional topological insulator Bi2Te3 the finite lifetime of the Dirac electrons due to disorder causes a splitting of coherent scattering vectors which follows a peculiar evolution in energy. Not only this splitting enables evaluating the lifetime of Dirac quasiparticles in topological insulators, but this general phenomenon can be in play in other quantum systems, leading to non-trivial modifications of their coherent properties.
Retrospective analysis of the effects induced by maternal thyroid dysfunction on obstetrical complications and outcomes
Authors: Sun Manna , Wang Xinghe , Fang Yunyong , Lou Jiwu , Liu Chenning , Dai Bingmei , Chen Jingsi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Abnormal concentrations of maternal thyroid hormones are risk factors for some obstetrical complications. However, the influence induced by different types of maternal thyroid dysfunction on obstetrical complications and outcomes is still controversial.Methods: A total of 17219 pregnant women were drawn for a thyroid function test, including TSH and fT4. All participants were divided into 7 groups, on the basis of their blood tested results, and their pregnancy outcomes were followed up. The isolated hypothyroxinemia group was further divided into 2 cohorts, according to whether they receive levothyroxine. Pregnant complications and outcomes in two cohorts were observed and analyzed.Results: A total of 2621 (15.22%)were identified to have abnormal thyroid function, including 1150 with subclinical hypothyroidism, 526 with gestational transient thyrotoxicosis (GTT), 419 with subclinical hyperthyroidism, 336 with isolated hypothyroxinemia, 78 with hyperthyroidism and 76 with hypothyroidism. Compare to control group, subclinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, isolated hypothyroxinemia and hypothyroidism groups presented higher incidence in one or more complications of pregnancy, while, GTT and drug-controlled hyperthyroidism had little significant effect on pregnancy complications. In isolated hypothyroxinemia group, there were no significant difference outcomes between cohorts using levothyroxine and not treatment.Conclusions: Our results showed a high incidence rate of thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women, and subclinical hypothyroidism is most common, followed by GTT. In general, pregnant women with thyroid dysfunction presented high risk of pregnancy complications. Isolated hypothyroxinemia in pregnant women is a matter of concern and treatment with levothyroxine couldn’t improve pregnancy outcomes and obstetrical complications.
“Shrinking Lung” Radiation Technique in Hodgkin’s Disease
Authors: Joseph Sanjay , King III Maurice , Jackson James , Milner Carter , Elkins Stephanie , Vijayakumar Srinivasan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present a case of Classical Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis subtype, Stage IIB EX presenting with a large left lung mass, mediastinal lymph nodes, night sweats, 19% weight loss, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of 110 ml/hr and a suboptimal response to 6 cycles of ABVD (Adriamycin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Dacarbazine) chemotherapy. The patient then underwent radiation to the left lung followed by radiation to residual disease using what we describe as a “shrinking lung” radiation technique. A PET-CT done 8 months after radiation treatment was completed demonstrated a complete response. This case highlights the use of a traditional radiation technique in treatment of chemotherapy refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma to achieve a complete remission.
Immunologic Biomarkers, Morbidity and Mortality Among HIV Patients Hospitalized in a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Mota Wellington Gama , Almeida Taynná Vernalha Rocha , Santos Daniel Silva dos , Chaves Yury Oliveira , Silva Danielle Furtado da , Orlandi Patrícia Puccinelli , Pereira Flávio Ribeiro , Magalhães Gleicienne , Baptista Bárbara Jóse , Frank Carlos Henrique Michiles , Silva Viviane Lago de Oliveira , Balieiro Antônio Alcirley da Silva , Santana Monique Freire , Gonçalves Roberta Lins , Costa Allyson Guimarães da , Santos Marcelo Cordeiro dos , Ferreira Luís Carlos de Lima , Lacerda Marcus Vinicius Guimaraes , Nogueira Paulo Afonso 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved survival rates of people living with HIV, some regions in Brazil still show a linear trend of growth in the opportunistic infections that cause HIV-associated mortality. We aimed to describe HIV-associated morbidity and mortality among hospitalized medical patients in a tertiary care hospital in Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon, by investigating clinical data and immunologic biomarkers in order to assess predictive factors of mortality in this patient group. Methods: We prospectively measured concentrations of cytokines Th1/Th2/Th17 and soluble CD14 (sCD14) and reviewed the laboratory parameters and opportunistic infections in outcomes of either death or discharge of eighty-three HIV/AIDS patients who were admitted in 2017-2018 to the Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD) in Manaus. Results: The mortality in the sample studied was 20.5%. Tuberculosis (TB) showed a relative risk (RR) =1.86 (confidence interval (CI) 1.14 to 2.81: and p = 0.026), and weight loss was the symptom (RR=1.81; CI: 1.21 to 2.53 and p = 0.007) most highly associated with the death outcome in HIV/AIDS inpatients. Univariable analyses showed that the eosinophil count, platelet distribution width (PDW), and alanine aminotransferase were the only laboratory parameters that differed among patients who died. In relation to cytokines and sCD14 levels, no differences were found between those who died or were discharged. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to predict mortality and showed that individuals with no digestive syndrome (especially the absence of oropharyngeal candidiasis), nor TB are 63% to 76% less likely to die, respectively. In addition, increases in PDW values also decreased the probability of death. Curiously, patients who were discharged showed a trend towards a concomitant increase in PDW and mean platelet volume (MPV) in relation to those who died.Conclusions: Opportunistic infections continue to be major events in morbidity and mortality of HIV/AIDS patients, and the relationship between increased PDW and the likelihood of survival suggests the need for future studies on innate immune response of platelets in HIV/AIDS inpatients.
Intention to Breastfeed Among Female Students of Tertiary Institutions In Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.
Authors: Ogundare Olatunde Olatunde , Babatola Adefunke Olarinre , Omoyajowo Adefunke Christianah , Ajite Adebukola Bidemi , Adeniyi Adewuyi Temidayo , Fatunla Odunayo Adebukola , Olubosede Omolayo Adebukola , Taiwo Adekunle Bamidele , Oluyi Adedayo Adewumi , Ajibola Ayotunde Emmanuel , Komolafe Akinwumi Kolawole , Airemionkhale Alfred , Oluwayemi Isaac Oludare , Olatunya Oladele Simeon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Breastfeeding is a public health practice that is critical for the survival of infants and young children. Despite the well documented advantages of breastfeeding to both the child and mother, it is surprising to note that the rate of breastfeeding especially exclusive breastfeeding is quite low in many countries. The possible reason may be because most of the efforts and activities directed at improving the breastfeeding rate and duration are targeted at pregnant women and post-partum period.This study aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude, beliefs, and future intention to breastfeed among female undergraduates in tertiary institutions in Ekiti State, South West Nigeria.Methods: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted among female students of tertiary institutions in Ekiti State. By convenience sampling, female students were invited to participate in the study after giving verbal consent and those that were thirty years old and above, medical or nursing students were excluded. The questionnaire used for this study was self-administered. The proforma was designed to assess the students’ knowledge about breastfeeding, attitude, beliefs, and future intention towards breastfeeding.Data analysis was with SPSS version 25 using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results were summarized as percentages. Consensus index was calculated for the questions on the knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding and the perception of breastfeeding.Result: One thousand, three hundred and twelve (1312) students participated in the study. Only 58% of the respondents defined exclusive breastfeeding correctly. The participants displayed a particularly good knowledge of the importance of breast milk for the brain growth as 93% of the respondents agreed that breast milk is important for the development of the infant’s brain. As much as 51% of the respondents agreed that breast milk is not needed after infancy. Only 34% of the respondents indicated their intention to breastfeed their future babies, 6.5% said no.Conclusion: This study revealed that most of the future mothers have poor knowledge and beliefs about breastfeeding as well as negative attitude toward breastfeeding, hence there is need to step up awareness about breastfeeding and its benefits among this huge population of future mothers.
Comparative Study of Histological and Histochemical Image Processing in Muscle Fibre Sections of Broiler Chicken
Authors: Achouri Abdelhamid , Melizi Mohamed , Belbedj Hamid , Azizi Abdennour 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Image processing of muscular fibre has significantly improved over the last decades, from light microscopy acquisition to virtual microscopy and from manual segmentation and fibre typing to automatic. The study aims to discuss main tools used in different histoenzymological image processing ‎phases of muscle fibre, which are consecutively, acquisition, segmentation and fibre typing and theirs ‎efficacy in morphometric parameters’ determination. Firstly, the acquisition, optical microscopic image with different magnifications ‎‎(x100, x200, x250 and x400) were compared with virtual slides digitized by Slide Scanner, in ‎muscle fibre sections, for cell number counting. Secondly, the segmentation, three software ‎‎(Fiji «Digitizing pen, Mouse», Image Pro Plus 10 -semi-automatic- and Cytoinformatics LLC -automatic-) were compared ‎for image segmentation quality and fibbers number determination. Thirdly, manual fibre typing with Fiji of segmented images using three software cited previously were performed to calculate the accuracy of morphometric parameter (CSA, perimeter and DMF). Results of acquisition showed that scanner slide have ‎a better resolution and detected a higher number of cells compared to optical microscopic with ‎different magnifications. For this latter, the processing can be performed only with an ‎acceptable resolution, where the number of cells is lesser, which requires unfortunately several ‎repetitions and exhausting work. Our findings regarding segmentation indicate that ‎Cytoinformatics LLC showed the best processing time and the highest quality followed by IP ‎and Fiji. For the last step, morphometric parameter calculation showed the best accuracy using Fiji followed by Cytoinformatics and finally by IP. ‎ The findings of this study suggest that Fiji (semi-automatic) showed the best quality/price ratio (open access software) for segmentation and fibre typing, but time consuming compared to ‎ Image Pro Plus 10 (semi-automatic) and Cytoinformatics LLC‎ (automatic) which are a paid service.
Reliability of a computational model for evaluating thoracoabdominal mobility in newborns: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gomes Danielle Cristina , Azevedo Ingrid Guerra , Araújo Ana Gabriela Figueiredo , Holanda Norrara Scarlytt de Oliveira , Magalhães Fabrício Anicio , Pereira Silvana Alves 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Thoracoabdominal mobility (TAM) in newborns (NB) is an important respiratory function parameter in clinical assessment. Different systems have been proposed to assess compartmental mobility in a number of pathologies and age ranges. The present study aimed to verify the inter and intra-examiner reliability of an interactive custom-made MATLAB® App for bio-photogrammetric analysis of thoracoabdominal mobility in newborns (NB) and compare the respiratory rate (RR) results between the automatic MATLAB® App and its manual counterpart. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 27 healthy NB of both sexes (gestational age between 37 and 41 weeks and up to 72 hours of life) who did not cry during data acquisition. Chest and abdominal areas of the NB in the supine position were analyzed through 60s videos, totaling 30,714 photograms. All photograms were analyzed by three examiners on three different occasions. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were applied, adopting a 95% confidence interval and significance level of α = 0.05.Results: Reliability was excellent for intra (ICC 0.81 – 0.96) and inter-examiner correlations (ICC 0.84– 0.99) between the chest and abdominal areas, in both inspiration and expiration, with no differences between them.Conclusions: Evaluation of NB thoracoabdominal mobility using the custom-made MATLAB® App for bio-photogrammetric analysis exhibited good to excellent intra- and inter-examiner reliability and an excellent correlation between manual and automatic models for measuring RR. Thus, it proved to be an objective and practical tool for bedside thoracoabdominal mobility assessment in different clinical situations involving neonatal care.