bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Secondary beryl in cordierite/sekaninaite pseudomorphs from granitic pegmatites – A monitor of elevated content of beryllium in the precursor
Authors: Gadas Petr , Novák Milan , Vašinová Galiová Michaela , Szuszkiewicz Adam , Pieczka Adam , Haifler Jakub , Cempírek Jan 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTCordierite-group minerals (cordierite and sekaninaite) from granitic pegmatites are often strongly to completely altered to a fine- or coarse-grained mixture of muscovite, chlorite and/or, biotite, along with several less common secondary minerals, including mainly paragonite, tourmaline, and secondary beryl. The mixture is a common product of early subsolidus hydrothermal alteration at the examined pegmatites of the beryl-columbite subtype – Věžná I and Drahonín (Moldanubian Zone, Czech Republic) and Mount Begbie (Shuswap Complex, Canada); of the beryl-columbite-phosphate subtype – Szklary (Góry Sowie Block, Poland); and of miarolitic intragranitic pegmatites – Zimnik (Massif Strzegom-Sobótka, Poland). We studied in detail (EPMA, LA-ICP-MS) relics of primary cordierite/sekaninaite: Věžná I (Crd77–72Sek27–22MnCrd2–1, Be = 0.39–0.25 apfu, Li = 0.06–0.04 apfu), Drahonín (Crd13–9Sek74–71MnCrd17–16, Be = 0.24–0.18 apfu, Li = 0.07–0.05 apfu), Szklary (Crd50–49Sek30–26MnCrd25–21, Be = 0.45–0.41 apfu, Li ≤ 0.02 apfu), Mount Begbie (Crd34–33Sek53–43MnCrd24–14, Be = 0.33–0.29 apfu, Li = 0.26–0.23 apfu), and Zimnik (Crd2–1Sek75–71MnCrd28–23, Be = 0.25–0.15 apfu, Li = 0.18–0.12 apfu). Secondary beryl has a similar Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratio to its cordierite/sekaninaite precursor but is Mn depleted. The mineral assemblages and textures of the pseudomorphs were examined with a focus on secondary beryl, which forms anhedral grains to subhedral elongated crystals, up to 0.3 mm in size, or aggregates of these in textural equilibrium with associated phyllosilicates and tourmaline. Tourmaline is known from Věžná I, Drahonín, Mount Begbie, and Zimnik, the last also with topaz and “zinnwaldite” (a mineral with chemical composition between siderophyllite and polylithionite). Secondary beryl in pseudomorphs after cordierite/sekaninaite from granitic pegmatites and more evolved granites may have been often overlooked; hence, we present its textures and morphology so that it can be recognized during routine EPMA study and to study the source of elevated concentrations of Be in primary cordierite/sekaninaite. The empirical limit of detection of secondary beryl in pseudomorphs is ∼500–1000 ppm Be, which corresponds to ∼1–2 vol.% of secondary beryl. The chemical composition of the secondary beryl and other minerals indicate that the fluids responsible for the alteration were exsolved from the residual pegmatite melt and were not contaminated by fluids from the host rocks.
Hostile attribution bias among offenders and non‐offenders: Making social information processing more adequate
Authors: Zajenkowska Anna , Prusik Monika , Jasielska Dorota , Szulawski Michał 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExploring the relationships between variables that predict hostile attributions is essential for understanding aggressive behaviours and for enabling the development of suitable aggression‐reduction interventions. The aim of this series of two studies was to investigate how ascribing intentionality and blame to other people are critical in predicting hostile attribution. In Study 1 (general sample: N = 163, 63.8% females; inmates: N = 109 people, 78.9% females), we hypothesized that people that are sensitive to provocation declare higher levels of anger and that this is serially mediated by perceived intentionality of the act and perceived blame of the harm‐doer. The results confirmed these assumptions. In Study 2, the participants took part in a 3‐month psycho‐educational training that included mentalization elements. We hypothesized that the level of hostile attributions among inmates (N = 8, females) would be lower after the training. Changes in the inmates' attributions were observed after a qualitative analysis of the results. This finding achieved the study's aim of demonstrating how such theoretical assumptions can be practically implemented.
Competency‐based curriculum transition: A conceptual framework
Authors: Carlgren Dave 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs the 21st century has just passed its 20th year, there have been some changes to educational policy and practice in domains in many countries around the world, including more than 4.1 million children in 137 countries participating in skill development programmes aimed at fundamental learning. Few of these have reached to secondary schools. The primary goal of this article was to present aspects of a framework that may be useful in designing curriculum to incorporate competencies to make changes to existing educational practice. The considerations presented are not knew to those with existing competency‐based education (CBE) frameworks, the orienting aspects of Integral Theory may provide some insights for ideal CBE implementation. Why is it that high schools globally are not adopting CBE within their districts? With the majority of the world population in China and India following traditional models of educational practice, perhaps a clear explanation of the necessary considerations for the implementation of CBE has not been represented. It is worthy of note that, based on research results, the majority of the educational reform in both of these populous nations occurs at the postsecondary level. As an attempt to encompass all that is required for an ideal implementation of CBE, three interconnected sets of recommendations are made as areas of implementation focus: ensuring a learner focus and various pathways from a Policy perspective, feedback and the role of the teacher from the Practice level, and communication from the Process level.
Changes in maxillary dental arch morphology after implant treatment in the alveolar cleft region
Authors: Ahn Kilwoo , Sato Hitoshi , Kurihara Yuji , Ogura Hiroshi , Shirota Tatsuo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundFew reports have examined dental arch morphology (DAM) after dental implant placement in cleft patients and its actual state is unclear.ObjectiveTo analyze the presence of changes in DAM and influencing factors in cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) patients who receive implant treatment in the alveolar cleft region.MethodsSubjects comprised 20 CLP patients in whom maxillary dental arch width (DAW) was evaluated before and after implant treatment based on computed tomography data. First, widths between the canines (W3), between the first premolars (W4), between the second premolars (W5), and between the first molars (W6) were measured before and after surgery. Changes in distance were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, revealing a significant increase in W6. Analysis of Co‐Variance was performed with the difference in W6 after implant treatment as the response variable, and the following six items as explanatory variables: sex; cleft type; age at alveolar bone graft; time to implantation after bone grafting; number of implants; and time after completion of the observation period.ResultsThe reduction in W6 was larger in the order of complete bilateral CLP, complete unilateral CLP, and unilateral cleft lip and alveolus, and the change decreased with an increasing number of implants.ConclusionsImplant treatment of the alveolar cleft region may result in a slight reduction in width of the dental arch after treatment completion.
Generalized Hailey–Hailey disease: Novel splice‐site mutations of ATP2C1 gene in Chinese population and a literature review
Authors: Yang Lu , Zhang Qianli , Zhang Shiyu , Liu Yuehua , Liu Yaping , Wang Tao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundHailey–Hailey disease (HHD; OMIM: 169600) is an autosomal dominate genodermatosis, characterized by recurrent blisters and erosions clinically and remarkable acantholysis pathologically. The underlying pathogenic factor is the mutation of ATP2C1 gene (OMIM: 604384), which encodes secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+‐ATPase (SPCA1). Skin folds are the predilection site of HHD. Atypical cases with a generalized pattern have rarely been reported, making it prone to misdiagnosis.MethodsIn this study, we presented three Chinese pedigrees of Hailey–Hailey disease with generalized skin lesions. ATP2C1 mutations were screened by DNA sequencing and their transcripts were further confirmed by minigene assay. We also performed a literature review of previously published generalized HHD over past two decades together with our cases.ResultsThree splice‐site mutations were identified: c.2487+1G>A, c.2126+1G>A, and c.1891‐2A>G, which resulted in an exon 25‐truncated transcript, two exon 22‐truncated transcripts, and two exon 21‐truncated transcripts, respectively. The c.2487+1G>A and the c.1891‐2A>G mutations are novel mutations which have not been reported before. No clustered mutations of ATP2C1 gene were found in generalized HHD patients in literature along with our novel mutations.ConclusionWe found no hot spot mutations in ATP2C1 correlated with the generalized pattern of HHD. Our study expanded the spectrum of ATP2C1 mutations, which would be useful for disease diagnosis and genetic counseling.
Master manipulator optimisation for robot assisted minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Feng Mei , Ni Zhi Xue , Li Ang , Lu Xiuquan , Fu Yi Li 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn robot‐assisted minimally invasive surgery, the surgeon controls a robot by operating a pair of master manipulators. Thus, the performance of a master manipulator directly affects the work of the surgeon physiologically and psychologically.AimsIn order to improve the operability and quality of operation, a structure optimisation method of master manipulator is proposed.Materials & MethodsThe optimisation index of workspace and dexterity of main manipulator based on ergonomics and kinematics is established, and the reasonable weight coefficient of optimisation index is determined by using combination weighting method.ResultsExperiments verified that the proposed optimisation method ensures a large workspace and good kinematic performance for the master manipulator.ConclusionThis improves the comfort of the surgeon and can effectively avoid the problem of cutting off master–slave communication to adjust the position of the master manipulator owing to the small workspace.
Micro‐ and Nano‐Devices for Studying Subcellular Biology
Authors: Siedlik Michael J. , Yang Zijian , Kadam Parnika S. , Eberwine James , Issadore David 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCells are complex machines whose behaviors arise from their internal collection of dynamically interacting organelles, supramolecular complexes, and cytoplasmic chemicals. The current understanding of the nature by which subcellular biology produces cell‐level behaviors is limited by the technological hurdle of measuring the large number (>103) of small‐sized (<1 μm) heterogeneous organelles and subcellular structures found within each cell. In this review, the emergence of a suite of micro‐ and nano‐technologies for studying intracellular biology on the scale of organelles is described. Devices that use microfluidic and microelectronic components for 1) extracting and isolating subcellular structures from cells and lysate; 2) analyzing the physiology of individual organelles; and 3) recreating subcellular assembly and functions in vitro, are described. The authors envision that the continued development of single organelle technologies and analyses will serve as a foundation for organelle systems biology and will allow new insight into fundamental and clinically relevant biological questions.
QChASM: Quantum chemistry automation and structure manipulation
Authors: Ingman Victoria M. , Schaefer Anthony J. , Andreola Laura R. , Wheeler Steven E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs the tools of computational quantum chemistry have continued to mature, larger and more complex molecular systems have become amenable to computational study. However, studies of these complex systems often require the execution of enormous numbers of computations, which can be a tedious and error‐prone process if done manually. We have developed a suite of free, open‐source tools to facilitate the automation of quantum chemistry workflows. These tools are collected under the organization QChASM (Quantum Chemistry Automation and Structure Manipulation) and include functionality for building and manipulating complex molecular structures and performing routine tasks (AaronTools), a toolkit for automating TS optimizations and predictions of the outcomes of selective homogeneous catalytic reactions, and a plug‐in for UCSF ChimeraX that provides a graphical interface for building complex molecular structures and representing output from quantum chemistry computations. These tools are described below, with a focus on the recent Python implementation of AaronTools.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
Software > Quantum Chemistry
Scavenging amphipods from the Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone: Extending the hadal paradigm beyond subduction trenches
Authors: Weston Johanna N. J. , Peart Rachael A. , Stewart Heather A. , Ritchie Heather , Piertney Stuart B. , Linley Thomas D. , Jamieson Alan J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOur understanding of the ecology of the hadal zone (> 6000 m depth) is based solely on subduction trenches, leaving other geomorphological features, such as fracture zones, troughs, and basins, understudied. To address this knowledge gap, the Wallaby-Zenith Fracture Zone, Indian Ocean (WZFZ; ~ 22°S, 102°E; maximum depth 6625 m measured during Expedition SO258) was studied using free-fall baited landers. We assessed the amphipod distribution and community assemblage of this non-subduction hadal feature and compared it to subduction hadal features. Eleven species were identified across the abyssal-hadal transition zone using a paired morphological and DNA barcoding approach. The community composition was found to change gradually from abyssal to hadal depths, which contrasts with the ecotone shift characteristic of subduction trenches. A large population of Bathycallisoma schellenbergi (Birstein & Vinogradov, 1958), a quintessential hadal amphipod, was present at the flat bottom of the WZFZ. Further, an mtDNA phylogeny resolved a degree of phylogeographic structure between the B. schellenbergi WZFZ population and four previously sampled Pacific Ocean subduction trench populations, indicating these features are not interconnected through ongoing gene flow. Combined, these data indicate that some amphipods have far broader distributions than previously understood, with some species present in both hadal subduction trenches and non-subduction fracture zones and basins interspersed across the abyssal plains. This initial exploration highlights that whilst non-subduction features are an overlooked minor fraction of the total hadal area, they are essential to our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary dynamics across the hadal zone.
In vitro performance evaluation of AnaConDaTM-100 and AnaConDaTM-50 compared to a circle breathing system for control and consumption of volatile anaesthetics
Authors: Bellgardt Martin , Drees Dominik , Vinnikov Vladimir , Georgevici Adrian I. , Procopiuc Livia , Weber Thomas P. , Meiser Andreas , Herzog-Niescery Jennifer 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo identify the better volatile anaesthetic delivery system in an intensive care setting, we compared the circle breathing system and two models of reflection systems (AnaConDa™ with a dead space of 100 ml (ACD-100) or 50 ml (ACD-50)). These systems were analysed for the parameters like wash-in, consumption, and wash-out of isoflurane and sevoflurane utilising a test lung model. The test lung was connected to a respirator (circle breathing system: Aisys CS™; ACD-100/50: Puriton Bennett 840). Set parameters were volume-controlled mode, tidal volume-500 ml, respiratory rate-10/min, inspiration time-2 sec, PEEP-5 mbar, and oxygen-21%. Wash-in, consumption, and wash-out were investigated at fresh gas flows of 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0 l/min. Anaesthetic target concentrations were 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5%. Wash-in was slower in ACD-100/-50 compared to the circle breathing system, except for fresh gas flows of 0.5 and 1.0 l/min. The consumption of isoflurane and sevoflurane in ACD-100 and ACD-50 corresponded to the fresh gas flow of 0.5-1.0 l/min in the circle breathing system. Consumption with ACD-50 was higher in comparison to ACD-100, especially at gas concentrations > 1.5%. Wash-out was quicker in ACD-100/-50 than in the circle breathing system at a fresh gas flow of 0.5 l/min, however, it was longer at all the other flow rates. Wash-out was comparable in ACD-100 and ACD-50. Wash-in and wash-out were generally quicker with the circle breathing system than in ACD-100/-50. However, consumption at 0.5 minimum alveolar concentration was comparable at flows of 0.5 and 1.0 l/min.
Micro-spectroscopy of Buried Short-Range Surface Plasmon Polaritons Supported by Thin Polycrystalline Gold Films
Authors: Großmann Malte , Black Maximilian , Jaruschewski Joris , Klick Alwin , Leißner Till , Fiutowski Jacek , Rubahn Horst-Günter , Bauer Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe dispersive properties of short-range surface plasmon polaritons are investigated at the buried interfaces in vacuum/Au/fused silica and vacuum/Au/SiO2/Si multilayer systems for different gold film thicknesses of up to 50 nm using two-photon photoemission electron microscopy. The experimental data agrees excellently with results of transfer matrix method simulations, emphasizing the sensitivity of the plasmonic wave vector to the thickness of the gold film and an ultrathin native substrate oxide layer. The results furthermore illustrate the exceptional qualification of low-energy electron photoemission techniques in studying electronic excitations at buried interfaces.
How SASE is defining the future of network security
Authors: Wood Michael 
Published: December 2020

Secure networking is one of the fastest-moving fields in technology. As digital transformation activity continues to dominate the business agenda, there is an ever-growing demand for infrastructure solutions that will enable organisations to connect more locations at higher speeds – while keeping everything secure. There is an ever-growing demand for infrastructure solutions that will enable organisations to connect more locations at higher speeds – while keeping everything secure. A recent development is secure access service edge (SASE) – a collection of existing services that are integrated as a common set of functions. SASE's ability to deliver multiple integrated secure networking solutions through a single service has huge potential for any organisation that must secure high-value data across multiple locations and use-cases, says Michael Wood of Versa Networks.
Changes in the recovery of insects in pitfall traps associated with the age of cow dung bait fresh or frozen at the time of placement
Authors: Bezanson G.A. , Dovell C.D. , Floate K.D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPitfall traps baited with cattle dung are commonly used to characterize local assemblages of coprophilous insects. Baits can be made fresh or be prepared in advance and kept frozen until needed. Insect recoveries are expected to decline with the age of the bait and may be affected by the use of fresh vs. frozen baits. To assess the effect of these two factors on insect recoveries, we performed a pitfall trap experiment that was repeated in four trials spanning 2 years and two locations in southern Alberta, Canada. The experimental design allowed us to minimize the potential confounding effect of short-term weather events. For results combined across trials, baits aged >3 days were largely ineffective for attracting coprophilous species. Frozen baits attracted significantly more insects than did fresh dung for the first 3 days after placement in the field with no difference thereafter. Our findings suggest that insect recoveries in dung-baited pitfall traps can be maximized with the use of frozen baits with replacement every 3–4 days.
Struggles for Recognition: The Liberal International Order and the Merger of Its Discontents
Authors: Adler-Nissen Rebecca , Zarakol Ayşe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Liberal International Order (LIO) is currently being undermined not only by states such as Russia but also by voters in the West. We argue that both veins of discontent are driven by resentment toward the LIO's status hierarchy, rather than simply by economic grievances. Approaching discontent historically and sociologically, we show that there are two strains ofrecognition strugglesagainst the LIO: one in the core of the West, driven by populist politicians and their voters, and one on the semiperiphery, fueled by competitively authoritarian governments and their supporters. At this particular moment in history, these struggles are digitally, ideologically, and organizationally interconnected in their criticism of LIO institutions, amplifying each other. The LIO is thus being hollowed outfrom withinat a time when it is also facing some of its greatest external challenges.
INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL SECTION: BORDERS, FRONTIERS, AND BOUNDARIES IN THE MAYA WORLD: CONCEPTS AND THEORY
Authors: Halperin Christina , Freiwald Carolyn , Iannone Gyles 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Maya area has long been characterized as a mosaic of polities large and small, with cultural connections, linguistic dialects, ethnicities, and economic networks that shifted, expanded, and contracted over time. In this paper, we examine different ways of constructing boundaries. From physical demarcations in the landscape to habitual practices of interaction and affiliation, the lines that tied and divided were both unstable and multiple. We draw on definitions and theories from anthropology, history, and geography to review the concepts of borders, frontiers, and boundaries and their implications for the Maya area over the long term.
Forging Aztecness: Twentieth-Century Mexican Musical Nationalism in Twenty-First Century Los Angeles
Authors: NIELSEN KRISTINA F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract (Spanish/English)Forjando el Aztecanismo: Nacionalismo Musical Mexicano del Siglo XX en el siglo XXI en Los ÁngelesHoy en día, un creciente número de músicos mexico-americanos en los Estados Unidos tocan instrumentos indígenas mesoamericanos y réplicas arqueológicas, lo que se conoce como “Música Azteca.” En este artículo, doy a conocer cómo los músicos contemporáneos de Los Ángeles, California, recurren a los legados de la investigación musical nacionalista mexicana e integran modelos antropológicos y arqueológicos aplicados. Al combinar el trabajo de campo etnográfico con el análisis histórico, sugiero que los marcos musicales y culturales que alguna vez sirvieron para unir al México pos-revolucionario han adquirido una nuevo significado para contrarrestar la desaparición del legado indígena mexicano en los Estados Unidos.Today a growing number of Mexican-American musicians in the United States perform on Indigenous Mesoamerican instruments and archaeological replicas in what is widely referred to as “Aztec music.” In this article, I explore how contemporary musicians in Los Angeles, California, draw on legacies of Mexican nationalist music research and integrate applied anthropological and archeological models. Pairing ethnographic fieldwork with historical analysis, I suggest that musical and cultural frameworks that once served to unite post-revolutionary Mexico have gained new significance in countering Mexican Indigenous erasure in the United States.