bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The race to disasters - is the international relief community ready for future disasters?
Authors: Peleg Kobi , Bodas Moran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Climate-related disasters have tripled in the past 30 years. Between 2006 and 2016, the global sea levels rose 2.5 times faster than the entire 20th century. More than 20 million people a year are forced out of their homes because of climate change impacts. Rapid urbanization and increasing population density in coastal mega-metropolitan areas will inevitably lead to more large-scale disasters due to extreme weather events, i.e., stronger storms and massive flooding. Despite the inevitability of these events, disaster risk reduction is still locally based in each country, many of which have scarce resources to devote to the activity. It is widely assumed that the global community will respond when a calamity occurs. This perspective article explores the appropriateness of the current international relief and aid paradigm in light of near and middle-term trends in global disasters.

Main body
After briefly summarizing the anticipated effects of global climate change, population growth, and progressive urbanization in low-lying coastal and riverine environments on the frequency and scale of future disasters, this paper examines how existing concepts of international relief following disasters are insufficient to address the challenges to come. Current paradigms are tested against selected case studies demonstrating the growing frequency of mega-disasters. For example, in 2010, the world saw a catastrophic earthquake in Haiti, very large-scale floods in Pakistan, a major earthquake in Chile, and heat waves that resulted in the death of tens of thousands of people in Russia and many more in other countries. However, the world exhausted most of its humanitarian aid, responding to Haiti in January of that year. The review closes with a proposition for a new paradigm to re-organize international relief to meet the challenge posed by our rapidly changing world – one that is more adaptable to the current challenges of climate change and other trends that will almost certainly increase the frequency and intensity of disasters.

Conclusion
The future of international disaster aid depends on our ability to foster greater cooperation between the various organizations and donor countries and more seamless cooperation between both groups and the affected countries or regions. Planning and relief operations should utilize new technologies and innovative financing where feasible. A holistic approach that focuses on building large-scale agreements and coordination mechanisms, teaching citizens how to help each other until aid arrives, and strengthening resilience at the local level will equip communities for adaptive action during a disaster, improve coping and long-term rehabilitation, will lead to a more efficient, fairer and more durable global aid system.
Unlocking lung regeneration: insights into progenitor cell dynamics and metabolic control
Authors: Yang Jiaying , Li Yawen , Huang Ying , Chen Huaiyong , Sui Pengfei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRegenerative responses are particularly important in the lungs, which are critical for gas exchange and frequently challenged by environmental insults. The lung progenitor cells play a central role in the lung regeneration response, and their dysfunction is associated with various lung diseases. Understanding the mechanisms regulating lung progenitor cell function is essential for developing new therapeutic approaches to promote lung regeneration. This review summarizes recent advancements in the field of lung regeneration, focusing on the metabolic control of lung progenitor cell function. We discuss cell lineage plasticity and cell–cell signaling under different physiological conditions. Additionally, we highlight the connection between progenitor cell dysfunction and lung diseases, emphasizing the need to develop new therapeutic strategies in regenerative medicine to improve lung regenerative capacity.
Acquiring complex concepts through classification versus observation
Authors: Corral Daniel , Carpenter Shana K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe report six experiments that examine how two essential components of a category-learning paradigm, training and feedback, can be manipulated to maximize learning and transfer of real-world, complex concepts. Some subjects learned through classification and were asked to classify hypothetical experiment scenarios as either true or non-true experiments; others learned through observation, wherein these same scenarios were presented along with the corresponding category label. Additionally, some subjects were presented correct-answer feedback (the category label), whereas others were presented explanation feedback (the correct answer and a detailed explanation). For classification training, this feedback was presented after each classification judgment; for observation training this feedback was presented simultaneously with the hypothetical experiment. After the learning phase, subjects completed a posttest that included one task that involved classifying novel hypothetical scenarios and another task comprising multiple-choice questions about novel scenarios, in which subjects had to specify the issue with the scenario or indicate how it could be fixed. The posttest either occurred immediately after the learning phase (Experiments 1–2), 10 min later (Experiments 3–4), two days later (Experiment 5), or one week later (Experiment 6). Explanation feedback generally led to better learning and transfer than correct-answer feedback. However, although subjects showed clear evidence of learning and transfer, posttest performance did not differ between classification and observation training. Critically, various learning theories and principles (e.g., retrieval practice, generation, active learning) predict a classification advantage. Our results thus call into question the extent to which such theories and principles extend to the transfer of learning.
High-salt–fat diet: a risk factor for elevated blood pressure associated with dyslipidemia, perturbation in cardio-renal anti-oxidant and pro-inflammatory status in Wistar rats
Authors: Fadahunsi Olumide Samuel , Olorunnisola Olubukola Sinbad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Fatty and salty diets are reported risk factors in the etiology of hypertension, renal and cardiac failure. Oxidative stress and inflammation are biochemical processes in the onset of most diseases. This study sought to evaluate the role of high-salt–fat diet (HS-HFD) on blood pressure (BP), cardio-renal function, redox and inflammatory status. Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into two groups and fed with normal chow and HS-HFD, respectively.

Results
After 12 weeks, HS-HFD-fed rats showed considerable weight reduction, elevated systolic and diastolic BP. Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were increased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triacylglycerol levels were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the HS-HFD-fed animals. Angiotensin 1-converting enzyme was elevated in the HS-HFD rats, with no difference in nitric oxide between the two groups. Urea, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, bicarbonate and chloride levels were elevated in the HS-HFD-fed group, while potassium, sodium and magnesium were reduced. Creatine kinase activity was reduced in the heart of HS-HFD rats, with no difference in serum troponin. The kidney of HS-HFD rats showed increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) with reduced catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA). Heart SOD, catalase and MDA levels were similar in the two groups, with GPx, GST and GSH elevated in the control. Kidney tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased in HS-HFD group, with no difference in the heart of the rats in the two groups. TGF-β decreased in the kidney and heart of the HS-HFD-fed rats.

Conclusions
HS-HFD elicited hypertension associated with perturbation in redox and pro-inflammatory status in the kidney and heart of the rats.
Exploiting susceptibility genes in rice: from molecular mechanism to application
Authors: Huang Zhicheng , Jiang Minxuan , Sun Liangpeng , Zhang Jialin , Jiang Cuiping , Lu Aozheng , Li Dayong , Nan Nan , Sun Wenxian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRice commercial production is seriously threatened by various pathogens. Generally, the susceptibility (S) genes in plants are exploited by phytopathogens to promote infection. Dysfunction of S genes may result in recessively inheritable durable and broad-spectrum disease resistance. In this review, we summarize the latest research on S genes that encode proteins contributing to pathogen infection in rice. The S genes in rice are prospective targets of genome engineering to create resistance germplasms. However, the potential pleiotropic effects resulting from the deletion of S genes limit their application in resistance breeding. The newly developed CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing system offers a promising approach for developing transgene-free rice varieties with durable disease resistance.
Anatomy and histology of the olfactory organ of the javelin goby Synechogobius hasta (Gobiiformes, Gobiidae)
Authors: Kim Hyun-Tae 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe olfactory organ of Synechogobius hasta was investigated with a focus on its environmental adaptation, using stereo microscopy and light microscopy. This research revealed the following anatomical and histological characteristics: (i) tubular anterior nostril, (ii) one longitudinal lamella, (iii) two accessory nasal sacs, (iv) lymphatic cells in the lower part of the sensory epithelium, (v) four to five villi of olfactory receptor neurons, (vi) abundant blood capillaries beneath the sensory epithelium, and (vii) rod-shaped erythrocytes. These findings hint that the olfactory organ of S. hasta has anatomical and histological adaptations to intertidal pools that undergo periodic hypoxia and increased temperature under stagnant water conditions due to the tidal cycle.
A comparative analysis of platelet-rich plasma alone versus combined with extracorporeal shockwave therapy in athletes with patellar tendinopathy and knee pain: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jhan Shun-Wun , Wu Kuan-Ting , Chou Wen-Yi , Chen Po-Cheng , Wang Ching-Jen , Huang Wen-Chiung , Cheng Jai-Hong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Patellar tendinopathy, also known as jumper’s knee, can significantly impact the quality of daily life for patients due to the associated pain. A randomized controlled trial was investigated the clinical, sonographic, and serum cytokine markers in patellar tendinopathy of athletes following platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or PRP with extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) treatments. Our aims to investigate and compare therapeutic effects of PRP versus a combination of PRP with ESWT for treating patellar tendinopathy.

Methods
A total of 33 athletes with patellar tendinopathy were randomized into two groups. PRP + Sham (PS) group received intraarticular injection of autologous PRP (5 mL) once and sham ESWT. PRP + ESWT (PE) group received intraarticular injection of autologous PRP once and after 1 week ESWT (0.2 mJ/mm2 energy flux density, 1350 impulses, 4 Hz) once. All patients were followed up for 1 year.

Results
Autologous PRP injection and its combination with ESWT are both effective treatments for chronic patellar tendinopathy in athletes. PRP combined with ESWT resulted in faster reduction of knee pain than PRP alone at the 1-month follow-up. Serum IL-33 showed no significant difference at the 12-month follow-up. Levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-15, and IL-17 increased at the 12-month follow-up, potentially due to the additional training. However, the athletes did not report any discomfort or injuries, and no abnormalities were detected by ultrasonography after study. We demonstrated improvements in pain and functional scores, as well as knee injury protection in athletes, following 12 months of PRP and PRP with ESWT treatments.

Conclusions
The study analyzed the therapeutic effect of PRP injection alone and combining PRP injection with ESWT for chronic patellar tendinopathy. Our results showed that combined treatment can facilitate the pain relief early than PRP alone and is a safety treatment modality. No adverse effect was noted in our study.
Trial registration Research registry and the registration number is researchregistry9518. Registered 14 September 2023. https://www.researchregistry.com/browse-the-registry#home/registrationdetails/650263e4f549fd00282a338c/. The level of evidence is level II.
Double trouble: how c-MET and HER2 fuel bladder cancer progression
Authors: Naguib E. M. , Ismail E. F. , Badran D. I. , Sherief M. H. , El-Abaseri T. B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Bladder cancer is still a prevalent, heterogeneous, and challenging disease. Most cases are non-muscle invasive and carry a significant risk of recurrence and progression despite current advances in therapeutic options.

Main
c-MET and HER2 belong to the receptor tyrosine kinase family, which has been intensively studied in cancer. Both receptors are upregulated in bladder cancer and have been connected to tumor development and progression by activating a variety of signaling pathways that control proliferation, migration, and metastasis. C-MET and HER2 are indicators of aggressive bladder cancer and possible therapeutic targets. This review will investigate the contributions of c-MET and HER2 in the genesis and progression of bladder cancer, the implications for therapy and ongoing research in this field.

Conclusion
Targeting c-MET and HER2 together, either as monotherapy or combined therapy, might become promising in managing aggressive bladder cancer.
A perspective on the genesis, diagnostics, and management of sickle cell disease
Authors: Hassan Md Samim , Nasrin Taslima , Mahalka Ajay , Hoque Mehboob , Ali Safdar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Hemoglobinopathies, including sickle cell disease (SCD), have been recognized as a major health problem globally. SCD is caused by a mutation in the GAG codon that converts glutamate to valine, resulting in sickle hemoglobin (HbS) and various clinical symptoms.

Main body
An estimated 300,000 new-borns are diagnosed with SCD every year which makes it a very important clinical manifestation to study. The present review aims to comprehensively explore the pathophysiology, diagnostics, and management approaches for populations affected by sickle cell disease. Different genetic forms of SCDs are also mentioned in this review.

Short conclusion
HbS polymerization contributes to the overall pathophysiological process of SCD. Several treatment options are available, though the US Food and Drug Administration-approved low-toxicity medication hydroxyurea is commonly used to treat SCD complications. Besides, hemopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy are also two potential curative approaches. For SCD management, genetic counseling and neonatal screening at different stages play a crucial role.
Adherence to home-based exercise programs among stroke survivors and perspectives of informal caregivers: a mixed method study
Authors: Odetunde Marufat Oluyemisi , Olaoye Olumide Ayoola , Obajobi Olamilekan Adegbemiro , Yusuf Abdullah Akinlabi , Awotidebe Taofik Oluwole 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Assessing adherence to home exercise programs (HEPs) concurrently from stroke survivors (SSVs) and their caregivers may address the existing evidence of conflicting perceptions about adherence to HEPs. This study assessed factors affecting SSVs' adherence to HEPs and caregivers’ perspectives, with consideration of cultural beliefs about stroke.

Method
This was a mixed-method design involving a quantitative assessment of 66 SSVs and a qualitative assessment of eight caregivers on enablers of and barriers to HEP adherence. Quantitative data on adherence, and its correlates, were obtained with a validated self-report adherence scale and a 12-item validated questionnaire on factors influencing HEP adherence. Qualitative data were assessed using in-depth interviews (IDIs). Eligible SSVs and their caregivers were purposively selected for this study. Consenting SSVs were screened for cognitive impairment using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, and those who scored ≤ 2 were assessed for functional independence using the Barthel index (BI). Informal caregivers of SSVs with BI scores of 0–80 participated in the IDI. Socio-demographic data of respondents were also obtained. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at the alpha level of P < 0.05. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically using descriptive and interpretative strategies.

Results
The majority 43 (65.2%) of respondents who were SSVs were non-adherent to HEPs. Among the 23 adherent respondents, the majority were males 19 (82.6%), aged 40 to 59 years 14 (60.7%), had right hemiparesis 15 (65.2%), one co-morbidity 18 (78.3%), BI score ≥ 80 21 (91.3%), and self-employed 13 (56.5%). Of respondents with over 6 months’ post-stroke history, 22 (33.3%) had the highest adherence level. Gender, smoking status, and BI scores were significantly associated with adherence level (P < 0.05). There were significant negative correlations between adherence level and factors influencing adherence to HEPs (r ranged from − 0.65 to − 0.21; P < 0.05). Caregivers identified knowledge, treatment consistency, simplification and progression of HEPs, motivation/support, and spirituality as enablers to HEPs, while barriers were caregiver burden, absence of support/care, and health status of the SSV.

Conclusion
Adherence to HEPs among SSVs is poor and associated with gender, smoking status, BI score, and attitude of SSVs towards prescribed exercise. From the perspective of the caregivers, enablers of HEP adherence are knowledge, treatment consistency, HEP simplification and progression, motivation, support, and spirituality, while barriers were SSV’s health status, lack of morale, support, and caregivers’ burden.
Association Between Mixed Exposure to Dioxins and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Obesity Among US Adults
Authors: Gao Zhao-Xing , Zhang Peng , Xu Shu-Zhen , He Yi-Sheng , Hu Xiao , Ge Man , Xu Yi-Qing , He Tian , Wang Peng , Pan Hai-Feng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Context
Evidence of mixed effects of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) on obesity is lacking.

Background
Previous studies have suggested the potential links between dioxins or DL-PCBs and obesity. However, the combined effects of dioxins and DL-PCBs on obesity are still unclear.

Methods
Nine kinds of dioxins and DL-PCBs were measured among 852 adults using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2003-2004. We conducted generalized linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models to evaluate the association of these chemicals with obesity, and mediation analysis was performed to explore the mediating effect of glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

Results
Dioxins and DL-PCBs were identified as risk factors for obesity according to logistic regression models. Both WQS and BKMR regression indicated that combined exposure to dioxins and DL-PCBs was linked to obesity, of which 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-hpcdd showed the greatest contributions. The results from mediation analyses suggested that the relationships of dioxins with obesity or obesity indices were mediated by HbA1c, with the proportion of mediation ranging from 5.21% to 9.04% and the beta estimates (95% CI) were 0.007 (0.002, 0.010), 0.007 (0.0005, 0.020), 0.380 (0.133, 0.800), 0.408 (0.132, 0.800).

Conclusion
Our findings revealed that mixed exposure to dioxins and DL-PCBs is positively correlated with obesity.
Age- and oxidative stress-induced centrosome amplification and renal stones in Drosophila Malpighian tubules
Authors: Na Hyun-Jin , Sung Mi-Jeong , Park Joung-Sun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Renal diseases, including cancer, are rapidly increasing worldwide, driven by rising temperatures and changing diets, especially among younger people. Renal stones, a major risk for chronic renal disease, are increasingly common due to various health issues. Research on the underlying mechanisms, drug discovery, and the effects of aging and stress is limited. We used Drosophila, due to its similarity to the human renal system and ease of use, to identify cancer hallmarks and renal stone formation related to aging and oxidative stress. Our results indicate that centrosome amplification and stone formation increase with age and oxidative stress, and high sucrose feeding also heightens stone formation in the renal system. Our results show a close relationship between these diseases and aging, reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress, and chronic diseases. We suggest that the Drosophila renal model could be a powerful tool to study the relationship between age and age-related diseases and to discovering new agents for nephropathy.
Exploring α−ψ−ϕ contractive mapping: novel fixed point theorems in complete b-metric spaces
Authors: Raji Tamene , Ali Nasir , Qousini Maysoon , Hanchalu Gudeta , Tolasa Fikadu Tesgera , Seboka Berhanu 
Published: December 2024

This paper explores the concept of α-ψ-ϕ contractive mappings, contributing to the advancement of self-map extensions and fixed-point theorems within b-metric spaces. We introduce a new class of contractive mappings and demonstrate how they extend traditional contraction principles, offering a broader framework for analyzing fixed points in non-standard spaces. The main result of this study is a generalization of existing fixed-point theorems, supported by comprehensive corollaries, illustrative examples, and rigorous proofs. These findings provide deeper insights into the structure of b-metric spaces and open avenues for further applications in fields such as optimization and machine learning.
Have Your Cake and Eat It Too? Understanding Leisure-Work Synergizing and Its Impact on Employee Thriving
Authors: Zipay Kate P. , Rodell Jessica 
Published: December 2024

As the world of work continues to evolve, employees are increasingly seeking to do more than manage the bifurcated domains of work and home. Instead, amid greater demands at work alongside greater valuation of leisure, employees are striving to thrive at work without sacrificing their free time. To explore this tension, we adopt an agentic, blended, and future-oriented perspective of the work-nonwork interface and examine leisure-work synergizing as a unique practice for employees to find synergies between leisure and work. Drawing on foundational theorizing on workplace thriving, we theorize that strategically integrating work into leisure activities in an attempt to build work-relevant competencies can inspire (via self-assurance) and hinder (via fatigue) employee thriving at work. To test these predictions, we first conducted a series of validation studies to demonstrate the conceptual relationship among leisure-work synergizing and other work and nonwork constructs. Then, using an experience sampling design, we generally found support for the bolstering effects of leisure-work synergizing on thriving through self-assurance. Moreover, segmentation preference—a theoretical moderator related to this unique boundary blurring practice—significantly influenced the proposed relationship between leisure-work synergizing and fatigue. Taken together, our research expands our understanding of the work-nonwork interface and the utility of leisure activities for working adults, integrates work-nonwork research with positive psychology to reveal nonwork agents of thriving, and highlights a novel blended practice to help scholars and managers better understand how employees can “have their cake and eat it too.” Funding: This work was supported by Terry College of Business at the University of Georgia.