bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide range of droplet jetting angles by thin-film based surface acoustic waves
Authors: Li Jie , Biroun Mehdi H , Tao Ran , Wang Yong , Torun Hamdi , Xu Na , Rahmati Mohammad , Li Yifan , Gibson Desmond , Fu Chen , Luo Jingting , Dong Linxi , Xie Jin , Fu Yongqing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Nozzleless jetting of droplets with different jetting angles is a crucial requirement for 2D and 3D printing/bioprinting applications, and Rayleigh mode surface acoustic waves (SAWs) could be a potential technique for achieving this purpose. Currently, it is critical to vary the jetting angles of liquid droplets induced by SAWs and control the liquid jet directions. Generally, the direction of the liquid jet induced by SAWs generated from a bulk piezoelectric substrate such as LiNbO3 is along the theoretical Rayleigh angle of ∼22°. In this study, we designed and manufactured thin-film SAW devices by depositing ZnO films on different substrates (including silicon and aluminium) to realize a wide range of jetting angles from ∼16° to 55° using propagating waves generated from one interdigital transducer. We then systematically investigated different factors affecting the jetting angles, including liquid properties, applied SAW power and SAW device resonant frequency. Finally, we proposed various methods using thin-film SAW devices together with different transducer designs for realizing a wide range of jetting angles within the 3D domain. A nozzleless jetting method is proposed using thin-film based surface acoustic wave devices to achieve a wide range of jetting angles for droplets.
Flow pressure evaluation on generic surfaces by robotic volumetric PTV
Authors: Jux C , Sciacchitano A , Scarano F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
An experimental approach for the measurement of the time-average fluid flow pressure over the surface of generic three-dimensional objects is presented. The method is based on robotic volumetric PTV measurements followed by the integration of the pressure gradient. The domain for pressure evaluation is subdivided in two parts: in the irrotational region the static pressure is obtained following Bernoulli relation; in the turbulent wake and close to the object the pressure gradient is integrated. An approach based on the total pressure distribution is proposed to estimate the boundary between these two regions. The method is first assessed with experiments around a sphere equipped with pressure taps. A criterion for minimum spatial resolution is formulated in terms of maximum ratio between bin size and local radius of curvature of the object. An experimental database from a three-dimensional problem of higher geometrical complexity is considered: the time-averaged flow field around a full-scale cyclist. The surface pressure distribution is discussed in connection to the topological features of near-surface streamlines and streamwise vortices.
Comparative characteristics of the fuel and energy balances of Algeria and Russia and directions for improving their structure
Authors: Pulyaeva V N , Kharitonova N A , Messaoudene A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study discovers the problem of stable and reliable functioning of the Algerian and Russian energy and fuel complexes. The analysis of structural changing in the composition of the energy and fuel balances of the countries under consideration allowed the authors of the article to conclude that there is a need for a wider use of secondary energy resources, which requires government support measures aimed at attracting investments and switching to providing own secondary energy resources. The possibilities of Algeria in the development of solar and wind energy are shown. For Russia, the relevance of the wider use of biomass, in particular, wood processing waste, was noted. At the end of the work, the conditions are defined, compliance with which will allow the governments of both countries to carry out the necessary transformation of national fuel and energy complexes.
Potential Scenarios and Hazards in the Work of the Future: A Systematic Review of the Peer-Reviewed and Gray Literatures
Authors: Schulte Paul A , Streit Jessica M K , Sheriff Fatima , Delclos George , Felknor Sarah A , Tamers Sara L , Fendinger Sherry , Grosch James , Sala Robert 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt would be useful for researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers to anticipate the hazards that workers will face in the future. The focus of this study is a systematic review of published information to identify and characterize scenarios and hazards in the future of work. Eleven bibliographic databases were systematically searched for papers and reports published from 1999 to 2019 that described future of work scenarios or identified future work-related hazards. To compile a comprehensive collection of views of the future, supplemental and ad hoc searches were also performed. After screening all search records against a set of predetermined criteria, the review yielded 36 references (17 peer-reviewed, 4 gray, and 15 supplemental) containing scenarios. In these, the future of work was described along multiple conceptual axes (e.g. labor market changes, societal values, and manual versus cognitive work). Technology was identified as the primary driver of the future of work in most scenarios, and there were divergent views in the literature as to whether technology will create more or fewer jobs than it displaces. Workforce demographics, globalization, climate change, economic conditions, and urbanization were also mentioned as influential factors. Other important themes included human enhancement, social isolation, loneliness, worker monitoring, advanced manufacturing, hazardous exposures, sustainability, biotechnology, and synthetic biology. Pandemics have not been widely considered in the future of work literature, but the recent COVID-19 pandemic illustrates that was short-sighted. Pandemics may accelerate future of work trends and merit critical consideration in scenario development. Many scenarios described ‘new’ or ‘exacerbated’ psychosocial hazards of work, whereas comparatively fewer discussed physical, chemical, or biological hazards. Various preventive recommendations were identified. In particular, reducing stress associated with precarious work and its requirements of continual skill preparation and training was acknowledged as critical for protecting and promoting the health and well-being of the future workforce. In conclusion, the future of work will be comprised of diverse complex scenarios and a mosaic of old and new hazards. These findings may serve as the basis for considering how to shape the future of work.
Tacit knowledge, cultural values and agential possibility in rural Haiti
Authors: Stephenson Max , Zanotti Laura 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article recounts the efforts of a group of subsistence farmers (earning approximately $1.00 per day in income) in a mountainous rural part of Haiti who, working with a young social entrepreneur from their community, have self-organized to develop more economic opportunities by improving their farming practices communally. We posit that they have done so on the basis of the Haitian value of konbit, a form of social sharing and solidarity, and thus, on a foundation of what Michael Polanyi has termed tacit knowledge of their situational context. We suggest that efforts to secure development be rooted in initiatives aimed at catalyzing residents’ self-mobilization capacities and tacit communal knowledge and values, even if, or when, such an approach requires more time or resources to obtain desired outcomes. We also highlight critical perspectives of the now ubiquitous concept of resilience to explore the possibilities and limitations of agency that emerge from tacit knowledge in the context of continuing neoliberalism and its accompanying structural violence. We conclude that Polanyi’s ideas of freedom and agency provide a much more robust foundation on which to build a conceptualization of development and political–economic change than is offered by today’s prevailing neoliberal ‘resilience’ imaginary.
Brain Wiring and Supragranular-Enriched Genes Linked to Protracted Human Frontal Cortex Development
Authors: Hendy Jasmine P , Takahashi Emi , van der Kouwe Andre J , Charvet Christine J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The human frontal cortex is unusually large compared with many other species. The expansion of the human frontal cortex is accompanied by both connectivity and transcriptional changes. Yet, the developmental origins generating variation in frontal cortex circuitry across species remain unresolved. Nineteen genes that encode filaments, synapse, and voltage-gated channels are especially enriched in the supragranular layers of the human cerebral cortex, which suggests enhanced corticocortical projections emerging from layer III. We identify species differences in connections with the use of diffusion MR tractography as well as gene expression in adulthood and in development to identify developmental mechanisms generating variation in frontal cortical circuitry. We demonstrate that increased expression of supragranular-enriched genes in frontal cortex layer III is concomitant with an expansion in corticocortical pathways projecting within the frontal cortex in humans relative to mice. We also demonstrate that the growth of the frontal cortex white matter and transcriptional profiles of supragranular-enriched genes are protracted in humans relative to mice. The expansion of projections emerging from the human frontal cortex arises by extending frontal cortical circuitry development. Integrating gene expression with neuroimaging level phenotypes is an effective strategy to assess deviations in developmental programs leading to species differences in connections.
Risk Factors Associated With Clinical Outcomes in 323 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalized Patients in Wuhan, China
Authors: Hu Ling , Chen Shaoqiu , Fu Yuanyuan , Gao Zitong , Long Hui , Ren Hong-wei , Zuo Yi , Wang Jie , Li Huan , Xu Qing-bang , Yu Wen-xiong , Liu Jia , Shao Chen , Hao Jun-jie , Wang Chuan-zhen , Ma Yao , Wang Zhanwei , Yanagihara Richard , Deng Youping 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundWith evidence of sustained transmission in more than 190 countries, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a global pandemic. Data are urgently needed about risk factors associated with clinical outcomes.MethodsA retrospective review of 323 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan was conducted. Patients were classified into 3 disease severity groups (nonsevere, severe, and critical), based on initial clinical presentation. Clinical outcomes were designated as favorable and unfavorable, based on disease progression and response to treatments. Logistic regression models were performed to identify risk factors associated with clinical outcomes, and log-rank test was conducted for the association with clinical progression.ResultsCurrent standard treatments did not show significant improvement in patient outcomes. By univariate logistic regression analysis, 27 risk factors were significantly associated with clinical outcomes. Multivariate regression indicated age &gt;65 years (P &lt; .001), smoking (P = .001), critical disease status (P = .002), diabetes (P = .025), high hypersensitive troponin I (&gt;0.04 pg/mL, P = .02), leukocytosis (&gt;10 × 109/L, P &lt; .001), and neutrophilia (&gt;75 × 109/L, P &lt; .001) predicted unfavorable clinical outcomes. In contrast, the administration of hypnotics was significantly associated with favorable outcomes (P &lt; .001), which was confirmed by survival analysis.ConclusionsHypnotics may be an effective ancillary treatment for COVID-19. We also found novel risk factors, such as higher hypersensitive troponin I, predicted poor clinical outcomes. Overall, our study provides useful data to guide early clinical decision making to reduce mortality and improve clinical outcomes of COVID-19.
Use of the Endoscopic Healing Index for Monitoring of Disease Activity in Patients With Crohn’s Disease in the COVID Era
Authors: Abreu Maria T , Okada Lauren , Dervieux Thierry , Luo Allison , Jain Anjali , Ritter Timothy , Hanauer Stephen B 
Published: May 2020

Lay SummaryManagement of Crohn’s disease (CD) during COVID-19 is challenging when colonoscopy is not feasible. This study describes a blood-based test that has been validated against colonoscopy in patients with CD as an alternative even in patients with high inflammation from infections.
The Days of Wine and Roses
Authors: Klabbers Jan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This review essay takes an in-depth look at the most recent addition to the Oppenheim family, a two-volume work on the law and practice of the United Nations, prepared by Rosalyn Higgins and a dream team composed of some of her former students. The essay not only zooms in on the merits of the work but also aims to place it in context in a changing world, wistfully noting a little nostalgia (on the side of the reviewer as well as that of the authors perhaps) for, well, the days of wine and roses.
Plastid Genome Evolution in the Subtribe Calypsoinae (Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae)
Authors: Li Zhang-Hai , Jiang Yan , Ma Xiao , Li Jian-Wu , Yang Jun-Bo , Wu Jian-Yong , Jin Xiao-Hua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Calypsoinae is a small subtribe in Orchidaceae (Epidendroideae) characterized by diverse trophic strategies and morphological characters. Calypsoinae includes 13 genera, four of which are leafless and mycoheterotrophic. Mycoheterotrophic species in the leafless genus Corallorhiza are well suited to studies of plastome evolution. However, the lack of plastome sequences for other genera in Calypsoinae limits the scope of comparative and phylogenetic analyses, in particular our understanding of plastome evolution. To understand plastid genome evolution in Calypsoinae, we newly sequenced the plastomes of 12 species in the subtribe, including representatives of three mycoheterotrophic genera as well as five autotrophic genera. We detected two parallel photosynthetic losses in Corallorhiza. Evolutionary analyses indicated that the transition to obligate mycoheterotrophy leads to the relaxation of selection in a highly gene-specific pattern.
A Local Limit Theorem and Delocalization of Eigenvectors for Polynomials in Two Matrices
Authors: Ho Ching-Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We propose a boundary regularity condition for the $M_n({\mathbb{C}})$-valued subordination functions in free probability to prove a local limit theorem and delocalization of eigenvectors for self-adjoint polynomials in two random matrices. We prove this through estimating the pair of $M_n({\mathbb{C}})$-valued approximate subordination functions for the sum of two $M_n({\mathbb{C}})$-valued random matrices $\gamma _1\otimes C_N+\gamma _2\otimes U_N^*D_NU_N$, where $C_N$, $D_N$ are deterministic diagonal matrices, and $U_N$ is Haar unitary.
In vitro dynamics and mechanisms of resistance development to imipenem and imipenem/relebactam in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Gomis-Font María A , Cabot Gabriel , Sánchez-Diener Irina , Fraile-Ribot Pablo A , Juan Carlos , Moya Bartolome , Zamorano Laura , Oliver Antonio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe analysed the dynamics and mechanisms of resistance development to imipenem alone or combined with relebactam in Pseudomonas aeruginosa WT (PAO1) and mutator (PAOMS; ΔmutS) strains.MethodsPAO1 or PAOMS strains were incubated for 24 h in Mueller–Hinton Broth with 0.125–64 mg/L of imipenem ± relebactam 4 mg/L. Tubes from the highest antibiotic concentration showing growth were reinoculated in fresh medium containing concentrations up to 64 mg/L of imipenem ± relebactam for 7 days. Two colonies per strain, replicate experiment and antibiotic from early (Day 1) and late (Day 7) cultures were characterized by determining the susceptibility profiles, WGS and determination of the expression of ampC and efflux-pump-coding genes. Virulence was studied in a Caenorhabditis elegans infection model.ResultsRelebactam reduced imipenem resistance development for both strains, although resistance emerged much faster for PAOMS. WGS indicated that imipenem resistance was associated with mutations in the porin OprD and regulators of ampC, while the mutations in imipenem/relebactam-resistant mutants were located in oprD and regulatoras of MexAB-OprM. High-level imipenem/relebactam resistance was only documented in the PAOMS strain and was associated with an additional specific (T680A) mutation located in the catalytic pocket of ponA (PBP1a) and with reduced virulence in the C. elegans model.ConclusionsImipenem/relebactam could be a useful alternative for the treatment of MDR P. aeruginosa infections, potentially reducing resistance development during treatment. Moreover, this work deciphers the potential resistance mechanisms that may emerge upon the introduction of this novel combination into clinical practice.
Reconstruction of Severe Burns to the Breast in Pediatric Patients: A 10-Year Experience
Authors: Sadeq Farzin , Cauley Ryan , Depamphilis Matthew A , Driscoll Daniel N , Ehrlichman Richard 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The breast and anterior chest are the most commonly burned part of the trunk. Burn injuries to the breast can be associated with pain, asymmetries, and significant social stigma. Burns to the breast bud in the young female may inhibit normal breast development and result in either significant asymmetries or amastia, making the treatment of breast burn injuries challenging. A retrospective chart review was conducted on all female patients under the age of 21 years admitted to our institution for breast burn injuries from January 1, 2008 to December 30, 2018. Patients were included if they had follow-up reconstructive procedures for breast burn injuries many days after their acute-phase treatment. Ninety-six patients aged 1 to 20 years have been admitted to our institution with burned breast injuries. The mean age of this cohort (n = 96) was 6.4 ± 4.8 years with a mean percent TBSA of 36.3 ± 21.4 and a mean time since injury from admission of 2279.1 ± 2284.1 days. Flame burns (66.8 percent) were the most common etiology for breast burn injuries, followed by scald burns (22.8 percent), in this cohort. The mean body mass index was 22.7 ± 6.3 kg/m2. Follow-up for reconstructive procedures was 7.2 ± 5.6 years after injury date. Our institution’s 10-year experience of 96 female patients with severe burn injuries has enhanced our understanding of reconstructive techniques. The location, size, anatomic extent, type of deformity, and symmetry must all be assessed before any treatment plans, which may need to include a combination of modalities.
Interdependence of Narrative Characters: Implications for Media Theories
Authors: Grizzard Matthew , Francemone C Joseph , Fitzgerald Kaitlin , Huang Jialing , Ahn Changhyun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Affective disposition theory suggests that viewers of narratives develop dispositions toward characters through various cues, including appearance and behavior. Despite its predictive utility, the theory has yet to account for an essential component of narratives: character interdependence. Extant models treat disposition formation toward individual characters as an independent process. In the current paper, we posit that affective dispositions formed toward one character (e.g., a protagonist) are interdependent with affective dispositions formed toward others (e.g., an antagonist). We present two experimental studies that provide evidence of character interdependence. We show that dispositions toward a single character account for unique variance in dispositions toward another, and that the same character can be perceived as highly moral or immoral, depending on a comparison character. In the discussion section, we integrate our character interdependence model with extant theories to generate novel predictions for affective disposition theory and other areas of research relevant to communication.
Role of magnetically dominated disc-outflow symbiosis on bright hard-state black hole sources: ultra-luminous X-ray sources to quasars
Authors: Mondal Tushar , Mukhopadhyay Banibrata 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTWe present optically thin solutions for magnetized, advective disc-outflow symbiosis around black holes (BHs). The main objective is to explain the bright, hard-state observations of accreting systems with stellar mass-to-supermassive BHs. We include the effects of magnetic fields and radiation counterpart in entropy gradient based on the first law of thermodynamics to represent energy advection. The cooling process includes bremsstrahlung, synchrotron radiation, and inverse Comptonization process. One of our main ventures is to explain some long-standing issues of ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs). The existing physical scenarios to explain their unusual high luminosity are either the existence of the missing class of intermediate-mass BH (IMBH) or super-Eddington accretion around a stellar-mass BH. However, most ULXs with steep power-law spectrum can be well explained through super-Eddington accretion, while the existence of IMBH is indeed disputed extensively. Nevertheless, the interpretation of ULXs with a hard power-law-dominated state remains mysterious. Here we show that our magnetically dominated disc-outflow symbiosis around rapidly spinning stellar-mass BHs can achieve such large luminosity even for sub-Eddington accretion rate. The magnetic field at the outer zone of the advective flow is more than the corresponding Eddington limit. Such a field becomes dynamically dominant near the BH through continuous accretion process due to flux freezing, but maintaining its Eddington limit. This unique field configuration enhances the synchrotron and synchrotron self-Comptonization process to achieve very large luminosity. Through the same mechanism, our solutions for supermassive BHs can explain the unusual large luminosity of ultra-luminous quasars.
Improving galaxy clustering measurements with deep learning: analysis of the DECaLS DR7 data
Authors: Rezaie Mehdi , Seo Hee-Jong , Ross Ashley J , Bunescu Razvan C 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Robust measurements of cosmological parameters from galaxy surveys rely on our understanding of systematic effects that impact the observed galaxy density field. In this paper, we present, validate, and implement the idea of adopting the systematics mitigation method of artificial neural networks for modelling the relationship between the target galaxy density field and various observational realities including but not limited to Galactic extinction, seeing, and stellar density. Our method by construction allows a wide class of models and alleviates overtraining by performing k-fold cross-validation and dimensionality reduction via backward feature elimination. By permuting the choice of the training, validation, and test sets, we construct a selection mask for the entire footprint. We apply our method on the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Emission Line Galaxies (ELGs) selection from the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS) Data Release 7 and show that the spurious large-scale contamination due to imaging systematics can be significantly reduced by up-weighting the observed galaxy density using the selection mask from the neural network and that our method is more effective than the conventional linear and quadratic polynomial functions. We perform extensive analyses on simulated mock data sets with and without systematic effects. Our analyses indicate that our methodology is more robust to overfitting compared to the conventional methods. This method can be utilized in the catalogue generation of future spectroscopic galaxy surveys such as eBOSS and Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) to better mitigate observational systematics.