bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicentric primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in genitourinary tract detected on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography: An uncommon presentation of a common malignancy
Authors: Patel Asra , Muthukrishnan Indirani , Kurian Ann , Amalchandra Jaykanth , Sampathirao Nikita , Simon Shelley 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrimary extranodal lymphomas (ENLs) are lymphomas with no or minor nodal involvement and a dominant extranodal component originating from any organ. Primary ENL originating in the genitourinary tract is extremely rare. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent histological subtype in primary genitourinary lymphoma. Lymphomatous involvement of genitourinary system organs is common in the setting of disseminated disease. Herein, we present a unique case of primary multicentric extranodal DLBCL of the urogenital system involving ureter, seminal vesicle, and penis detected on 18fluro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography, and to the best of our knowledge, it is the first case report with multiorgan involvement within a single (urogenital) organ system in a patient without disseminated disease, i.e., with no other nodal or extranodal organ system involvement.
Diffuse pleural metastases of osteosarcoma detected by bone scan
Authors: Ribeiro André , Lima Eduardo , Lima Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is a fast-growing tumor, with a high risk of local recurrence and distant metastases, with the lung and bone being the most common sites of dissemination occurring in approximately 80% of cases. Pleural metastases rarely occurs and the appearance of diffuse pleural thickening with ossification is not usual, with few such cases reported due to the current state-of-art treatment protocols. A 29-year-old woman, diagnosed with a proximal left tibial OS underwent planar and single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography bone scan scintigraphy with 99mtechnetium methylene diphosphonate showing bilateral pleural uptake, corresponding to multiple calcified foci of thickening and nodules.
Determination of the optimal cut-off value of serum prostate-specific antigen in the prediction of skeletal metastases on technetium-99m whole-body bone scan by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis
Authors: Manohar P , Rather Tanveer , Khan Shoukat 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Radionuclide whole-body bone scan is a useful investigation of choice to detect the skeletal metastases in prostate cancer. It is indicated in patients having elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (Sr. PSA) or patients with bone pain. Elevated Sr. PSA levels have high predictive value for skeletal metastases; however, there is no consensus regarding cut-off value of Sr. PSA above which bone scan is indicated. This study was performed to find out the accuracy of Sr. PSA test and to know the optimal cut-off value of Sr. PSA with high sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of skeletal metastases on bone scan in prostate cancer patients. A retrospective analysis of medical records of 307 prostate cancer patients referred to the department of nuclear medicine for bone scan between June 2009 and June 2014 was done. Of 307 patients, 15 cases were excluded due to nonavailability of Sr. PSA. Bone scan was performed 3 h after administration of 20 mCi Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate intravenously. Whole-body sweep imaging was performed and spot views were taken wherever required. Of 292 cases, 174 (59.58%) patients had positive bone scan for metastases and 118 (40.41%) patients had negative bone scan for metastases. Maximum and minimum Sr. PSA levels in positive and negative bone scan patients were 1260 and 0.02 ng/ml and 198.34 ng/ml and 0.01 ng/ml, respectively. On comparison of the mean Sr. PSA levels between positive and negative groups, we found significant Sr. PSA levels (P < 0.05). We used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses to find out the accuracy of Sr. PSA test and to know the optimal cut-off value of Sr. PSA with maximum sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of skeletal metastases on bone scan. Area under ROC curve was 0.878 (87%). This indicates that the accuracy of Sr. PSA test in the prediction of skeletal metastases on bone scan was good. The optimal cut-off value of Sr. PSA in the prediction of positive bone scan for skeletal metastases in the management of prostate cancer was 29.16 ng/ml, with sensitivity and specificity of 89.0% and 74.6%, respectively. In this study, we conclude that the accuracy of Sr. PSA test in the prediction of skeletal metastases is good. ROC-derived optimal cut-off value of Sr. PSA for positive skeletal metastases on bone scan is >29.16 ng/ml; thus, the chances of getting positive bone scan for skeletal metastasis are less in prostate cancer patients with Sr. PSA <29.16 ng/ml. ROC-derived sensitivity and specificity of different possible cut-off points of Sr. PSA help reduce the false positive results and increase the diagnostic accuracy of bone scan in the detection of skeletal metastases in prostate cancer patients.
The hot embolus of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose
Authors: Hussain Riffat , Mahmood Tariq 
Published: September 2020

AbstractScanning oncological patients with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) for their disease staging, evaluation of treatment response, and monitoring/management has become a standard of care. The use of the radioactive fluorine in the FDG molecule helps establish cell/tissue lines high on glucose consumption and hence metabolically active. Abnormalities are detected on the scan as areas of increased uptake. However, these areas of increased (hot) uptakes do not necessarily translate into a pathological finding. A comprehensive knowledge of the uptakes of the tracer and the potential “pitfalls” that may be associated with them should be known and kept in mind during scan reading. One such pitfall is the “hot clot” or “pulmonary emboli,” and we report two such cases encountered at our setup and discuss their causes and how they should be identified and avoided.
Precision Radiotherapy: 18F-FDG PET-based radiotherapy planning in Head and Neck cancers
Authors: Subramanyam Padma , Palaniswamy Shanmuga , Numani Shah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrecision medicine is gaining importance in this era of molecular imaging where the molecular features of a disease can be noninvasively assessed and treated with personalized medicine. This is especially suited for head and neck cancers (HNCa). Early stage HNCa are ideally managed with radiotherapy (RT) or surgery. Head and neck (HN) is a complex region and its tumors respond to RT differently due to dissimilar structures and moving organs such as tongue. Radiation oncologists are always in the process of trying and investigating newer RT techniques in order to achieve precise and targetted therapy to tumour/s. One such innovation is Intensity modulated RT (IMRT) using 3 Dimensional conformal RT (3DCRT). This 3DCRT resizes the radiation beams to match the shape of the tumor. Such focused dose escalation may improve local control in HNCa. Image guided RT in conjunction with IMRT is the most advanced form of RT planning being used these days. Simulation computerized tomography (CT) images are usually incorporated into RT planning module. But limitations of CT such as poor soft tissue contrast than magnetic resonance imaging and inability to clearly define solid / cystic / necrotic areas and viable tumour exist. Functional imaging such as Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has established its superiority over CT in delineating the actual site and extent of HN tumors. A combination of IMRT with BTV (Biological Tumour Volume) may be the most ideal technique to deliver a homogeneous radiation boost to tumour. This review shall discuss PET based RT planning, challenges, practical tips, and how to optimize therapy with the least side effects to the normal surrounding tissues.
Primary pancreatic lymphoma camouflaged under the umbrella of spectrum of neuroendocrine tumors in somatostatin receptor imaging
Authors: Sampathirao Nikita , Indirani M , Shelley S 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrimary pancreatic lymphomas are very rare as compared to other pancreatic neoplasms. However, unlike carcinomas, pancreatic lymphoma is treatable with satisfactory cure rates. Somatostatin receptor (SSTR) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 68Ga-DOTANOC is a well-established diagnostic modality in the management of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Over the years, it has been evident that any neoplasm with SSTR expression shows increased tracer uptake, lymphoma, being the most prominent one. Herein, we report a case of pancreatic mass, suggested as NET on fine-needle aspiration cytology referred to us for staging. Whole-body 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT scan showed a large pancreatic mass with peripancreatic nodes, level I cervical nodes, cardiac, and left testicular masses which were initially thought to be possibly metastatic from pancreatic NET. However, immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the specimen was suggestive of B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. The present case emphasizes that pancreatic lymphoma is one of the potential differentials for pancreatic masses apart from NET on SSTR imaging. Noteworthy is the fact, that IHC plays a poignant role in the evaluation and is a mandatory tool for the management of tumors. Moreover, the whole imaging picture and clinical scenario ought to be given utmost importance for giving an affirmative diagnosis on imaging. SSTR expression in lymphomas may further obviate a remote fact that peptide receptor radionuclide therapy can be considered as an end of the line treatment for refractory lymphomas.
Interstitial Pneumonia with Autoimmune Features
Authors: Santhanam Sham , Mohanasundaram Kavitha , Krishnan Shanmuganandan 
Published: September 2020

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is an umbrella term for lung disease characterised by inflammation and fibrosis of the interstitium. ILD can be idiopathic or secondary to connective tissue disorders, drugs or environmental exposures. Before labelling it as idiopathic we have to rule out secondary causes. ILD is one of the most common extra-articular manifestations of connective tissue diseases (CTDs), causing significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with pre-existing CTD can develop ILD; some patients develop ILD against the background of either one or two clinical features of a CTD or isolated auto-antibody positivity. The current terminology for such an entity is interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF). The current criterion is based on three domains: clinical, serologic and morphologic. To satisfy the IPAF classification criteria, one needs to satisfy the mandatory criterion with one feature from two of the three domains. Classifying patients with this criterion helps in early initiation of immunosuppression and in monitoring them closely for development of features of a well defined CTD. There are a few limitations like the clinical domain being more skewed towards systemic sclerosis and inflammatory myositis, exclusion of antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and cytoplasmic pattern in antinuclear antibody (ANA). There are no clear protocols for treatment of IPAF and most of the data has been extrapolated from the management of systemic sclerosis (SSc) ILD and idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). Progressive disease in spite of treatment demands stronger immunosuppressive agents. Studies on the role of antifibrotics in IPAF are underway, with few small studies showing positive outcomes. There are conflicting reports on the survival and outcome of the IPAF cohort. Certain studies suggest that they have better survival compared with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) though other studies contradict this statement.
Electronic Health Records: A Critical Appraisal of Strengths and Limitations
Authors: Kataria Suchitra , Ravindran Vinod 
Published: September 2020

Electronic health record (EHR) was hailed as a major step towards making healthcare more transparent and accountable. All the developed nations digitised their health records which were meant to be safe, secure and could be accessed on demand. This was intended to benefit all stakeholders. However, the jury is still out if the EHR has been worth it. There have been incidences of data breaches despite cybersecurity checks and of manipulation compromising clinicians’ integrity and patients’ safety. EHRs have also been blamed for doctor burnout in overloading them with a largely avoidable administrative burden. The lack of interoperability amongst various EHR software systems is creating obstacles in seamless workflow. Artificial intelligence is now being used to overcome deficiencies of the EHR. Emerging data from real-world usage of EHR is providing useful inputs which would be helpful in making it a better system. This review critically appraises the current status and issues with the EHR and provides an overview of the key innovations which are being implemented to make the system more efficient for health care providers leading to a reduction in their administrative burden.
Inclusion of Medical Fitness to Drive in Medical Postgraduate Training Curricula
Authors: Azawi Laith Al , O'Byrne Aisling , Roche Lily , O'Neill Desmond , Ryan Margaret 
Published: September 2020

Background Transport mobility and access to driving are important factors in social inclusion and wellbeing. Doctors have an important role to play in supporting safe mobility through applying the knowledge developed in the field of traffic medicine and incorporating state of the art national and international medical fitness to drive (MFTD) guidelines. Little is known about the profile of MFTD in postgraduate curricula for core and higher specialist training. Aims We profiled the inclusion of MFTD in the curricula of postgraduate core, higher and streamlined medical and surgical specialties in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and the UK. Methods All publicly available syllabi of basic and higher/ streamlined specialist training in postgraduate medical and surgical colleges in both jurisdictions were analysed (n = 122). Results In Ireland 25% of basic training schemes included MFTD in the curriculum. Two-thirds of curricula of higher specialty and streamlined training schemes also included MFTD. For the UK 44% of core and 36% of higher training scheme curricula included MFTD. Just under one-quarter of all curricula reviewed included MFTD for more than one medical condition or treatment. Common topics in both Irish and UK curricula included seizures/epilepsy, syncope and visual disturbances. Conclusion There are notable deficits in MFTD training for specialists in Ireland and the UK. Common conditions which can significantly impair MFTD such as stroke, diabetes and alcohol use disorders are severely underrepresented and curricula should be revisited to include relevant training and guidance on MFTD for trainees.
Production Sound Mixing
Authors: Murphy John J. 
Published: September 2020

The latest hot camera is pretty irrelevant if one can’t understand what’s happening on screen. The key to any narrative is in the dialogue and voice over, but if this is unintelligible or difficult to hear, viewers will soon lose interest. With real world applications and a narrative to keep the reader’s interest, Production Sound Mixing is the indispensable guide for film and video audio recording. Written by veteran sound mixer John J. Murphy, the book offers a step by step collaborative journey through the basic physics of sound, concluding with a practical guide of the latest techniques and equipment available to all who are interested in the best audio for their projects.
Structured to mimic a 14-week semester, each chapter begins with an audio problem to be solved and ends with a solution drawn from information gleaned from past chapters. Suggested movie scenes that demonstrate the relevant audio techniques will also be included. Equally applicable to studio and location recording, the book is oriented toward commonly accessible environments such as conference rooms, hallways, beaches, car interiors, bathrooms, and so on. The intent is to allow the student to make the best of a location no matter how challenging it might be. Most importantly, this book will make one aware of the potential of sound on screen, for it is truly 50% of the viewing experience.
Making Short Films
Authors: Thurlow Clifford , Thurlow Max 
Published: September 2020

Making Short Films: The Complete Guide from Script to Screen is a practical and inspirational guide to students and independent film-makers. This is the only book to describe and explain the whole process - from creating an original or adapted script, through producing and directing to finance and distribution.
Whether you are embarking on a short film project by yourself or are planning a more ambitious, collaborative project, Making Short Films gives you the low-down on everything you need to know.
Making Short Films includes:
• A detailed, structured guide to the whole film-making process
• Information on new, digital technology
• A range of complete scripts for award-winning shorts with commentaries by the film-makers
• Insider tips on making deals, renting equipment, securing funding and getting your short shown
• Details on the all major film festivals
• A glossary of film terms
• A web-page with supporting information: www.making-short-films.com
The Soul of Screenwriting
Authors: Cunningham Keith 
Published: September 2020

Uniquely inspired by the work of mythologist Joseph Campbell and psychologist Jean Houston, The Soul of Screenwriting demonstrates how the "screenwriting by numbers" approach that offers templates into which the writer may mechanically drop his or her story idea is fundamentally incomplete. Keith Cunningham maintains that in doing so, one ignores the process of writing. Screenwriting is a long journey and even the most gifted screenwriters get lost along the way. Getting lost, Cunningham reminds us, is part of the process too.
What the writer experiences in the act of writing has never been taken into account, yet this is where the screenplay comes from: the writer's here-and-now experience while working on the story. Information-left-brain concepts and techniques about plot structure, character development and orchestration, the dynamics of scenes and sequences-is all necessary. But it is what one does with the information that makes a truly great screenplay. In The Soul of Screenwriting, Cunningham demonstrates that good screenwriting is more than hitting the big "plot points" with exciting action. Good screenwriting also has integrity and authenticity. It has a "voice," and because it has a voice it speaks to the audience. To gain a voice, the writer needs the heat of creative imagination: passion, commitment, enthusiasm, a drive to know the truth of the characters, and an urge to get to the core of the dramatic conflict without resorting to escapism. These are qualities of the heart, and as Cunningham argues, screenwriting can indeed be, in Carlos Castañeda's phrase, a path with heart.
Fernández Vázquez, Guillermo (2019) Qué hacer con la extrema derecha en Europa. El caso del Frente Nacional. Madrid: Contextos – Lengua de Trapo. 196 pp. ISBN: 978-84-8381-238-9
Authors: Fouce Rodríguez Héctor 
Published: September 2020

Reseña del libro de Fernández Vázquez, Guillermo (2019) Qué hacer con la extrema derecha en Europa. El caso del Frente Nacional. Madrid: Contextos – Lengua de Trapo. 196 pp. ISBN: 978-84-8381-238-9
Olhares psicossociais para a prática docente: elaboração de uma estratégia investigativa
Authors: Novaes Adelina , De Souza Érika Kulessa , Sant´Anna Paulo Afranio 
Published: September 2020

A análise sistemática das produções vinculadas aos projetos abrigados pelo Centro Internacional de Estudos em Representações Sociais e Subjetividade – Educação (CIERS-ed) da Fundação Carlos Chagas apontou para a necessidade de desenvolvimento de uma pesquisa que buscasse uma compreensão contextualizada sobre representações sociais associadas à ação de professores. O Projeto “Olhares psicossociais para a prática docente” foi construído com o intuito de ampliar a possibilidade de estabelecer conexões entre representações sociais e práticas educacionais a partir da consideração de distintas formas de linguagem. Sua abordagem etnográfica e sua configuração em rede levaram à elaboração de um protocolo, consensuado com os 44 grupos de pesquisa associados ao Centro. O processo e o resultado da criação desse documento são apresentados no artigo, que visou ainda discutir os desafios da realização de um estudo multissituado e de se ambicionar uma generalização analítica com a conclusão do Projeto.
Representações sociais do trabalho em tensão: narrativas de agentes e professores de Educação Infantil
Authors: Lima Raquel Garcia Braga de , Lima Rita de Cássia Pereira 
Published: September 2020

O estudo investigou representações sociais de agentes e professores de Educação Infantil a respeito do trabalho que desenvolvem nesse segmento educacional. A Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS), em diálogo com a abordagem (auto)biográfica, enfatizando narrativas de vida, foi o arcabouço teórico-metodológico do estudo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma creche localizada na zona norte do Rio de Janeiro e envolveu dezesseis mulheres, oito agentes e oito professoras. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas/conversa, analisadas com apoio da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que, para os dois grupos, a natureza do trabalho é a mesma. No entanto, agentes reivindicam o reconhecimento da categoria como professoras e estas, apesar de reconhecerem que realizam as mesmas tarefas, acreditam terem maior responsabilidade que as agentes junto às demandas da direção da instituição e da Secretaria Municipal de Educação. Esta diferença está na origem de tensões vivenciadas pelos dois grupos em seu cotidiano de trabalho. As narrativas demonstraram que as histórias de vida são basilares à construção e compreensão das representações sociais dos grupos e revelaram que a tensão velada reforça a dicotomia do binômio cuidar-educar.
Um estudo sobre famílias de alunos de escola pública nas representações sociais construídas por docentes
Authors: Lima Andreza Maria , Machado Laêda Bezerra 
Published: September 2020

No Brasil, a universalização do acesso à escola pública desestabilizou a relação família-escola. Neste artigo, recorte de uma pesquisa de Doutorado em Educação, analisamos as representações sociais das famílias dos alunos de escola pública construídas por professoras dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental e como essas representações orientam suas práticas. Constituíram-se referenciais teóricos para estudos de família e da relação família-escola autores como Scott (2011), Goldani (1993; 2005), Silva (2003; 2012), Nogueira (2006) e Thin (2006). A Teoria das Representações Sociais, originada por Moscovici, orientou a pesquisa. O estudo, de natureza qualitativa, foi realizado na Rede Municipal de Ensino do Recife-PE. A coleta de informações foi dividida em duas fases. Da primeira, participaram 15 professoras ; e da segunda, três dessas docentes. Na primeira fase, utilizamos a entrevista semiestruturada, procedimento de coleta de base. Na segunda, realizamos a observação de Plantões Pedagógicos, procedimento complementar. Para análise dos dados, usamos a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Categorial Temática. Nas representações sociais, construídas pelas professoras na confluência de saberes de origens diversas, as famílias dos alunos delegam funções à escola por serem, em sua maioria, “desestruturadas”. As representações revelam que há resistência à ampliação de funções da escola, mas mostram que essa ampliação orienta práticas. Nessas representações sociais, predomina um conteúdo representacional negativo que orienta práticas das docentes. A pesquisa poderá suscitar novas reflexões no âmbito das práticas formadoras, das práticas pedagógicas e docentes e das políticas educacionais.