bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review on nanomaterials for next‐generation batteries with lithium metal anodes
Authors: Ding Jun‐Fan , Xu Rui , Yan Chong , Xiao Ye , Xu Lei , Peng Hong‐Jie , Park Ho Seok , Liang Ji , Huang Jia‐Qi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStable lithium (Li) metal anode is highly pursued to accelerate the development of high‐energy‐density battery systems. In this article, the stable Li metal batteries boosted by nano‐technology and nano‐materials are comprehensively reviewed. Two emerging strategies, including nanostructured lithium metal frameworks and nano‐artificial solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) are particularly focused. First, typical conductive/non‐conductive nanostructured frameworks and the corresponding merits are introduced. The physical and chemical modifications of the traditional nano‐frameworks are further summarized. In addition, the nano‐artificial SEIs built by in situ regulation and ex situ fabrication strategies are involved, with the scientific and technologic issues concerned on the interface well discussed. This review mainly focuses on the fresh benefits brought by nano‐technology and nano‐materials on building better lithium metal batteries. The recent advances of nanostructured lithium metal frameworks and nanoscale artificial SEIs are concluded, and the challenges as well as promising directions for future research are prospected.
Obesity is Associated with Increased Risk for Mortality Among Hospitalized Patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Pettit Natasha N. , MacKenzie Erica L. , Ridgway Jessica P. , Pursell Kenneth , Ash Daniel , Patel Bhakti , Pho Mai T. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveObesity has been identified as a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus. This study sought to determine whether obesity is a risk factor for mortality among patients with COVID‐19.MethodsThe study was a retrospective cohort that included patients with COVID‐19 between March 1 and April 18, 2020.ResultsA total of 238 patients were included; 218 patients (91.6%) were African American, 113 (47.5%) were male, and the mean age was 58.5 years. Of the included patients, 146 (61.3%) had obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2), of which 63 (26.5%), 29 (12.2%), and 54 (22.7%) had class 1, 2, and 3 obesity, respectively. Obesity was identified as a predictor for mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.7 [1.1‐2.8], P = 0.016), as was male gender (OR 5.2 [1.6‐16.5], P = 0.01) and older age (OR 3.6 [2.0‐6.3], P < 0.0005). Obesity (OR 1.7 [1.3‐2.1], P < 0.0005) and older age (OR 1.3 [1.0‐1.6], P = 0.03) were also risk factors for hypoxemia.ConclusionsObesity was found to be a significant predictor for mortality among inpatients with COVID‐19 after adjusting for age, gender, and other comorbidities. Patients with obesity were also more likely to present with hypoxemia.
Hyperglycemia requiring insulin during acute lymphoblastic leukemia induction chemotherapy is associated with increased adverse outcomes and healthcare costs
Authors: McCormick Meghan C. , Sharp Eleanor , Kalpatthi Ramasubramanian , Zullo James , Gurtunca Nursen , Zhang Jun , Krafty Robert , Raman Sripriya 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHyperglycemia is a complication of induction chemotherapy in 10%‐50% of pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Though hyperglycemia in ALL patients is usually transient, it may be associated with adverse health outcomes. However, the risk factors for and consequences of hyperglycemia are poorly understood. We hypothesized that hyperglycemia significant enough to require insulin therapy during induction chemotherapy would be associated with increased morbidity and mortality in pediatric ALL patients during induction chemotherapy and in subsequent care.MethodsWe abstracted clinical and resource utilization data from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database utilizing ICD‐9 codes and medication charges. We used logistic regression analysis to predict the development of hyperglycemia. The effects of hyperglycemia on binary and count adverse outcomes following induction chemotherapy were modeled using mixed‐effect regression models.ResultsAn increased risk of hyperglycemia requiring insulin was associated with older age, female sex, higher risk group and trisomy 21. Patients on insulin for hyperglycemia had increased mortality following induction chemotherapy. These patients were more likely to have subsequent infectious complications, need for bone marrow transplant, and risk of disease relapse. They also had greater length of inpatient stay, higher cost of care, and were more likely to require intensive care unit admission during induction chemotherapy.ConclusionsHyperglycemia requiring insulin during induction chemotherapy in pediatric ALL is associated with an increased risk of short‐term and long‐term complications. Prospective studies are needed to analyze formal screening, preventive measures, and optimal management practices for hyperglycemia during ALL induction chemotherapy.
Outcomes of children with chronic myeloid leukemia: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Egan Grace , Athale Uma , Johnston Donna , Pole Jason D. , Silva Mariana , Zorzi Alexandra , Alexander Sarah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a rare disease in childhood. While hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) was the treatment of choice for CML prior to 2000, the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) changed the management of this disease. This population‐based analysis was conducted in the province of Ontario, Canada to gather information on treatment choices and outcomes of childhood CML.MethodUsing a provincial childhood cancer registry and retrospective review of patient medical records for patients < 18 years diagnosed with CML between 1985 and 2018, data on presenting features, treatment, and outcomes were collected from 52 patients.ResultsPatients treated before the introduction of TKIs (before 2002) mainly received HSCT and had an overall survival (OS) of 64% at a median follow up of 6 years. The OS of all patients treated in the TKI era (2002 and after) was 90% at a median follow up of 3 years. All three deaths in the TKI era were related to HSCT complications. Survival of patients who remained on a TKI was significantly improved compared to those who underwent HSCT post‐TKI therapy (100% vs 66%, P = .008). TKIs were well tolerated.ConclusionGiven the increased mortality associated with HSCT in our cohort, further advances in HSCT may be required to outweigh the benefits of a TKI monotherapy approach in the majority of childhood CML patients. We believe HSCT should be considered in only a limited subset of pediatric patients with CML.
Double yielding behavior of in situ microfibrillar polyolefin elastomer/poly(lactic acid) composites: Effect of microfibrillar morphology
Authors: Sun Jing , Luo Shanshan , Huang Anrong , Shi Min , Luo Heng , Wei Liangqiang , Sui Yuanming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn situ microfibrillar composites (MFCs), with polyolefin elastomer as matrix and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as dispersed phase, were successfully prepared using multistage stretching extrusion system. Interestingly, a peculiar phenomenon of double yielding was observed on the stress‐strain curves of MFCs under tensile loading for the first time. The MFCs with 20 wt% PLA microfibrils exhibited two distinct yield points, and a pronounced hump appeared on the stress‐strain curve of PLA‐20. Two‐dimensional small‐angle X‐ray scattering analyses showed that the equatorial streak scattering became stronger with increase in PLA microfibrillar content; the meridional scattering trace became stronger with increase in tensile strain for PLA‐20. The rheological analysis showed that the G′ of PLA‐20 had a plateau in the low frequency region and did not depend on frequency changes.
‘AlkarXL’, a new tall wheatgrass cultivar for use on saline semiarid lands
Authors: Jensen Kevin B. , Pearse Gordon , Larson Steve R. , Robins Joseph G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe USDA announces the release of cultivar ‘AlkarXL’ (Reg. no. CV‐286, PI 691611) tall wheatgrass [Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey] for use on semiarid rangelands and irrigated pastures that receive a minimum of 350 mm of average annual precipitation on alkali soils. AlkarXL is a 10‐clone synthetic that originated from 56 plant introductions from the National Plant Germplasm System plus the cultivar Alkar. AlkarXL has undergone phenotypic recurrent selection for visual plant vigor (first cycle), seed yield (first cycle), dry‐matter yield (DMY) (second cycle), and crude protein (second cycle). The 10 genotypes traced to PI 255146 (two genotypes; 30%, Turkey), PI 308592 (10%, Italy), PI 442631 (10%, Turkey), PI 109542 (10%, Turkey), PI 255443 (10%, Turkey), PI 383545 (10%, Turkey), PI 401006 (Turkey), PI 401009 (10%, Turkey), and W6 21870 (10%, Ukraine). Morphologically, AlkarXL has significantly wider lemmas and glumes and shorter glumes than cultivars Alkar, Greenstar, Jose, Largo, and Szarvasi‐1. AlkarXL had narrower flag leaves than Largo. AlkarXL had more seedlings (P < .05) emerge than Alkar at Lages Junction, NV. AlkarXL had greater (P < .05) plant persistence (plant frequency) 3 (2017), 4 (2018), and 5 (2019) yr after seeding at Lages Junction than did Alkar. Dry‐matter yield was less descriptive due to large variations in DMY among replications. AlkarXL had significantly (P < .10) more total DMY than Greenstar and Largo at Millville, UT, and similar DMY as Greenstar, Jose, and Savarsi‐1 at Panguitch, UT.
Preparation of polypseudorotaxane composed of linear and cyclic polyethylene oxides and its application to solid polymer electrolyte
Authors: Watanabe Ryuji , Noba Masashi , Uno Takahiro , Itoh Takahito , Kubo Masataka 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe mixture of linear polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 20,000 (l‐PEG20K) and cyclic polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 1,000 (c‐PEG1K) was ultrasonicated in acetonitrile. After evaporating the solvent, the residue was analyzed by DSC to show a remarkable decrease of crystallization temperature. Such a large crystallization suppression was not observed when linear polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 1,000 (l‐PEG1K) was added instead of c‐PEG1K. Further, the mixture of cyclic polyethylene glycols (c‐PEG6K and c‐PEG1K) did not exhibit a significant crystallization suppression. These experimental results indicated that formation of polypseudorotaxane through ultrasonication‐assisted ring penetration played an important role in the crystallization suppression. Ionic conductivities of the polypseudorotaxane‐based polymer electrolytes prepared from polyethylene oxide with molecular weight of 600,000 (PEO600K) and c‐PEG1K showed conductivity enhancement especially at low Li salt concentration.
Incursion pathways of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) into Australia contrast sharply with those of the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti)
Authors: Schmidt Thomas L , Chung Jessica , van Rooyen Anthony R , Sly Angus , Weeks Andrew R , Hoffmann Ary A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnderstanding pest incursion pathways is critical for preventing new invasions and for stopping the transfer of alleles that reduce the efficacy of local control methods. The mosquitoes Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Ae. aegypti (Linnaeus) are both highly invasive disease vectors, and through a series of ongoing international incursions are continuing to colonize new regions and spread insecticide resistance alleles among established populations. This study uses high‐resolution molecular markers and a set of 241 reference genotypes to trace incursion pathways of Ae. albopictus into mainland Australia, where no successful invasions have yet been observed. We contrast these results with incursion pathways of Ae. aegypti, investigated previously.RESULTSAssignments successfully identified China, Japan, Singapore and Taiwan as source locations. Incursion pathways of Ae. albopictus were entirely different to those of Ae. aegypti, despite broad sympatry of these species throughout the Indo‐Pacific region. Incursions of Ae. albopictus appeared to have come predominantly along marine routes from key trading locations, while Ae. aegypti was mostly linked to aerial routes from tourism hotspots.CONCLUSIONThese results demonstrate how genomics can help decipher otherwise cryptic incursion pathways. The inclusion of reference genotypes from the Americas may help resolve some unsuccessful assignments. While many congeneric taxa will share common incursion pathways, this study highlights that this is not always the case, and incursion pathways of important taxa should be specifically investigated. Species differences in aerial and marine incursion rates may reflect the efficacy of ongoing control programmes such as aircraft disinsection. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Improving convergence of experimental and computed vertical ionization energies using the ionization potential equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster with singles and doubles method
Authors: Buzzanca Marissa , Brummeyer Brandon , Gutow Jonathan H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractComparison of statistically evaluated experimental vertical ionization energies (IEs) for 53 medium‐sized molecules (6‐34 atoms) with ionization potential equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster with singles and doubles (IP‐EOMCCSD) computations shows that discrepancies between computed and experimental results can be accounted for with a combination of experimental and theoretical contributions. Discrepancies can be minimized by extrapolating computations to the complete basis set limit and correcting for vibrational zero‐point energy (ZPE) while comparing with experimental IEs calculated as the intensity‐weighted mean band position to account for band asymmetries. This procedure reduced the average discrepancy for ethylene, (E)‐2‐butene, 2,5‐dihydrofuran, and pyrrole from 0.25 to 0.05 eV. Agreement between reported vertical IEs and computations without either making adjustments as described in this paper or using complete simulation of the ionization spectrum should be considered fortuitous. The comparisons made in this work show that estimates of vertical and adiabatic IE made using IP‐EOMCCSD extrapolated to the complete basis set limit and corrected for vibrational ZPE can be used with reasonable confidence when experimental values are not available.
The conformational space of a flexible amino acid at metallic surfaces
Authors: Maksimov Dmitrii , Baldauf Carsten , Rossi Mariana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn interfaces between inorganic and biological materials relevant for technological applications, the general challenge of structure determination is exacerbated by the high flexibility of bioorganic components, chemical bonding, and charge rearrangement at the interface. In this paper, we investigate a chemically complex building block, namely, the arginine (Arg) amino acid interfaced with Cu, Ag, and Au (111) surfaces. We investigate how the environment changes the accessible conformational space of this amino acid by building and analyzing a database of thousands of structures optimized with the Perdew‐Burke‐Ernzerhof (PBE) functional, including screened pairwise van der Waals interactions. When in contact with metallic surfaces, the accessible space for Arg is dramatically reduced, while the one for Arg‐H+ is instead increased if compared to the gas phase. This is explained by the formation of strong bonds between Arg and the surfaces and by their absence and charge screening on Arg‐H+ upon adsorption. We also observe protonation‐dependent stereoselective binding of the amino acid to the metal surfaces: Arg adsorbs with its chiral CαH center pointing H away from the surfaces, while Arg‐H+ adsorbs with H pointing toward the surface.
Synthesis, Solution and Solid‐State Fluorescence of 2‐(N‐cycloamino)cinchomeronic Dinitrile Derivatives
Authors: Ershova Anastasia I. , Ievlev Mikhail Yu. , Maksimova Veronika N. , Belikov Mikhail Yu. , Ershov Oleg V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA facile approach to the synthesis of novel 2‐(N‐cycloamino)cinchomeronic dinitriles showing intense photoluminescence both in solution and solid state was developed. Absorption, fluorescence and solvatochromic properties were investigated. It was found that the 2‐(N‐cycloamino)cinchomeronic dinitrile derivatives containing conjugated aryl moiety show intense emission in nonpolar solvents with fluorescence quantum yield up to 0.8.
Chemoselective Hydrogenation of Functionalized Nitroarenes into Anilines by Supported Molybdenum Catalysts
Authors: Yan Shasha , Guo Yanzhu , Xiao Ling‐Ping , Chen Xiaohong , Sun Run‐Cang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnilines are the most important fine chemicals that have been widely used as the intermediates of industrial products. Herein, a new series of nanostructured Mo‐based catalysts were reported, such as MoOx/ZSM‐5(25), MoOx/ZSM‐5(50) and MoOx/SBA‐15, which can serve as efficient catalysts in the hydrogenation of nitroarenes by using hydrogen as the reducing reagent to afford functionalized anilines. Those catalysts showed both excellent activity and high chemoselectivity of the nitro group even though other reducible groups (C−X, C=C, C=O and C≡N) were exiting. This protocol constitutes an economically responsible pathway for the synthesis of anilines in high yields, good functional group compatibility and high chemselectivity.
High Throughput Screening of Cell Mechanical Response Using a Stretchable 3D Cellular Microarray Platform
Authors: Sakthivel Kabilan , Kumar Hitendra , Mohamed Mohamed G. A. , Talebjedi Bahram , Shim Justin , Najjaran Homayoun , Hoorfar Mina , Kim Keekyoung 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCells in vivo are constantly subjected to multiple microenvironmental mechanical stimuli that regulate cell function. Although 2D cell responses to the mechanical stimulation have been established, these methods lack relevance as physiological cell microenvironments are in 3D. Moreover, the existing platforms developed for studying the cell responses to mechanical cues in 3D either offer low‐throughput, involve complex fabrication, or do not allow combinatorial analysis of multiple cues. Considering this, a stretchable high‐throughput (HT) 3D cell microarray platform is presented that can apply dynamic mechanical strain to cells encapsulated in arrayed 3D microgels. The platform uses inkjet‐bioprinting technique for printing cell‐laden gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) microgel array on an elastic composite substrate that is periodically stretched. The developed platform is highly biocompatible and transfers the applied strain from the stretched substrate to the cells. The HT analysis is conducted to analyze cell mechano‐responses throughout the printed microgel array. Also, the combinatorial analysis of distinct cell behaviors is conducted for different GelMA microenvironmental stiffnesses in addition to the dynamic stretch. Considering its throughput and flexibility, the developed platform can readily be scaled up to introduce a wide range of microenvironmental cues and to screen the cell responses in a HT way.
A systematic approach to estimating traffic load effects on bridges using weigh‐in‐motion data
Authors: Sjaarda Matthew , Meystre Thierry , Nussbaumer Alain , Hirt Manfred A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn contrast to the Swiss load model used for new bridge structures (SIA 261), which has roots in a Europe‐wide weigh‐in‐motion (WIM) study and considers the full design life of new structures, the model for existing structures (SIA 269) from 2005 is derived from load effects produced by traffic measured by country‐specific WIM observations and considers a reduced return period.With growing concerns regarding the scarcity of resources, efforts should be made to ensure safety by increasing the knowledge of loads and load‐carrying mechanisms, rather than through overdesign. This paper presents the methodology employed to use WIM data for generating maximum expected load effects on bridges and thus give engineers a tool with which bridge load effects can be accurately derived from real traffic. A re‐evaluation using the methodology outlined here began this year. It is planned to use the results of this for the next revision of the Swiss National Annexes to the Eurocodes and SIA 269.
The Community Engaged Physician: Teaching Social Accountability Through Interprofessional Teamwork and Service‐Learning
Authors: Whisenant Ebony B. , Garba Nana Aisha , Schneider Gregory W. , Camps‐Romero Eduardo , Lage Onelia G. , Pedoussaut Maryse , Brown David R. , Greer Pedro J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes the goals and structure of a service‐learning experience integrated into a medical education curriculum. The curricular innovation fosters student understanding of social accountability, interprofessional teamwork as well as social determinants of health and can serve as an educational model for training future providers.
Redesigning Classroom and Experiential Teaching Peer Evaluation Tools to Strengthen the Peer Review Process
Authors: Eiland Lea S. , Helmer Allison M. , Kelley Kristi W. , Hester E. Kelly 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes the process of redesigning classroom and clinical experiential teaching peer evaluation tools to enhance formative peer review. The peer‐evaluation process is a commitment to improve teaching in all types of settings. Periodic peer evaluation is essential to ensure quality student education and growth of teachers.
Transitioning to a Competency‐Driven Curriculum
Authors: Hornsby Lori , Wright Bradley M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe role of the pharmacist is evolving with pharmacists’ taking more direct responsibility for patient outcomes. As a result, pharmacy education must be designed to ensure graduates are competent and prepared to function within a complex healthcare system. Transitioning to a competency‐driven curriculum, can ultimately place the focus of the learner and faculty on outcomes specific to the skills and abilities needed for graduates to provide desired levels of care.
Challenges to Health Professions Education and Strategies for Moving Forward
Authors: Ford Channing R. , Moseley Lindsey 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs the final chapter of this special issue, we recognize there are multiple challenges to working in the health professions that impact health professions educators’ abilities to teach and support learners. We provide a broad overview of the next generation of learners, in addition to exploring teaching and learning approaches for this population. Strategies include emerging best practices, learner expectations regarding technology, and mechanisms for supporting faculty as they transition to teaching Generation Z students.
Geometry on the lines of polar spine spaces
Authors: Petelczyc Krzysztof , Prażmowski Krzysztof , Żynel Mariusz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe concept of spine geometry over a polar Grassmann space is introduced. We determine conditions under which the structure of lines together with a binary coplanarity relation is a sufficient system of primitive notions for polar spine spaces. These assumptions also allow to characterize polar spine spaces in terms of the binary relation of being in one pencil of lines.