bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACTN3 R577X Genotype in Professional and Amateur Tennis Players
Authors: Moreno-Pérez Victor , Machar Reid , Sanz-Rivas David , Del Coso Juan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Moreno-Pérez, V, Machar, R, Sanz-Rivas, D, and Del Coso, J. ACTN3 R577X genotype in professional and amateur tennis players. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 952–956, 2020—Several investigations have concluded that the RR genotype in the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism is overrepresented in elite athletes of strength- and power-based sports when compared with nonelite populations, suggesting a positive role of this genotype on physical performance. However, no investigation has been geared to determine the distribution of this polymorphism in elite tennis players. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency distribution of the ACTN3 R577X genotype in professional and nonprofessional tennis players to determine whether this polymorphism has an association with tennis performance. A total of 128 tennis players volunteered to participate in this study. From the total, 56 were professional tennis players (16 were top 10 in Women Tennis Association/Association of Tennis Professionals [WTA/ATP] rankings, 22 were top 100 in WTA/ATP rankings, and 18 were ranked > top 100 in the WTA/ATP rankings), and the remaining 72 were categorized as nonprofessional. Chi-squared tests were used to assess differences in the distribution of RR, RX, and XX genotypes between the different performance categories. The distribution of the RR, RX, and XX genotypes was similar in professional (33.9, 48.2, and 17.9%) and nonprofessional tennis players (37.5, 40.3, and 22.2%; p = 0.650). Furthermore, the distribution of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism was not different in top 10 (25.0, 50.0, and 25.0%), top 100 (31.8, 50.0, and 18.2%), and WTA/ATP-ranked players (44.4, 44.4, and 11.2%; p = 0.847). These results indicate that the distribution of the ACTN3 R577X genotype is similar in tennis players of very different performance levels. This outcome suggests that the ACTN3 genotype was not associated with elite tennis performance.
Characterization of Alkali-Activated Palm Oil Fuel Ash Pastes as a Function of Calcination Temperatures of Raw Precursor
Authors: Daud Flora Anak Albert , Ismail Idawati , Ahmadi Raudhah , Abdul Samat Nur Amalina Shairah Binti 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This research investigates the influence of calcination temperatures of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) on the properties of the raw precursor and its hardened binder after alkali activation. The raw POFA obtained from palm oil mill is treated at 500°C, 600°C, and 700°C for approximately 6 h. The treated POFA (TPOFA) is characterized for particle size distributions and chemical compositions by X-ray fluorescence (XRF); microstructural properties by observing through scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for molecular functional groups. Pastes of alkali-activated POFA (AAPOFA) are synthesized with 12 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as alkali activator where the liquid to binder ratio is 0.4. Calcination temperatures are observed to have some influences on the physical properties (such as color, texture, particle size and fineness) and chemical properties (such as composition and reactivity) of the raw precursor. These properties control microstructural evolution of hardened pastes, compressive strength and capillary sorptivity properties of the hardened pastes. Overall results show 500°C is the optimum calcination temperature for POFA that contributes to comparable strength and lowest permeability of AAPOFA binders.
Increased number of retinal vessels in acromegaly
Authors: Füchtbauer Laila , Olsson Daniel S , Coopmans Eva C , Bengtsson Bengt-Åke , Norrman Lise-Lott , Neggers Sebastian J C M M , Hellström Ann , Johannsson Gudmundur 
Published: January 2020

Objective
Excess of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), as in acromegaly, is associated with increased risk of diabetes, but whether retinal vessels are altered is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate retinal vessel morphology in patients with acromegaly at diagnosis and after treatment and to describe the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in patients with long-standing acromegaly and diabetes.

Design
Two independent observational studies, one being prospective and the other retrospective and cross-sectional.

Methods
Retinal vessel morphology of 26 patients with acromegaly was examined at diagnosis and 1 year after treatment and compared to 13 healthy controls. Cross-sectional evaluation of 39 patients with long-standing acromegaly and diabetes was performed. Fundus photographs were digitally analyzed for vessel morphology.

Results
Patients with acromegaly had a median (interquartile range) of 34.3 (30.0–39.0) vessel branching points compared to 27.0 (24.0–29.0) for healthy controls (P < 0.001). Tortuosity of arterioles and venules remained unchanged. Vessel morphology did not change significantly after treatment. Patients with acromegaly and diabetes for a median of 14 years also had a high number of branching points (34.2 (32.5–35.6)), but the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was not higher than expected in diabetic patients without acromegaly.

Conclusions
Patients with acromegaly have an increased number of vascular branching points in the retina without an alteration of macroscopic vessel morphology. This is consistent with an angiogenic effect of GH/IGF-1 in humans. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was not increased in patients with acromegaly and diabetes.
Fractionated radiotherapy and radiosurgery in acromegaly: analysis of 352 patients from the German Acromegaly Registry
Authors: Knappe U J , Petroff D , Quinkler M , Schmid S M , Schöfl C , Schopohl J , Stieg M R , Tönjes A , _ _ 
Published: January 2020

Background
If biochemical control of acromegaly is not achieved by operation and medication, radiotherapy may be indicated.

Objective
To describe fractionated radiotherapy (FRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) regarding excess of IGF-1 and pituitary function.

Design and methods
A retrospective analysis of 352 patients (4126 patient-years) from the German Acromegaly Registry was performed. Follow-up was 1.0–45.1 years after radiotherapy. Therapeutic success was defined by low or normal IGF-1 according to center-specific reference ranges without (= remission) or on (= controlled disease) suppressive medication.

Results
Time between radiotherapy and last follow-up was 13.0 ± 8.2 years for FRT (n = 233) and 8.9 ± 5.0 years for SRS (n = 119, P < 0.001). Median (IQR) basal growth hormone before radiotherapy was 6.3 (2.9–16.2) ng/mL for FRT and 3.5 (1.8–6.9) ng/mL for SRS (P < 0.001). Mean time in uncontrolled state was 3.0 years after FRT and 2.1 years after SRS (95% CI for the difference is 0.1 to 1.6 years, P = 0.021). The 10-year calculated remission rate was 48% for FRT and 52% for SRS (95% CI for the difference is −18 to 26% age points, P = 0.74) and the respective controlled disease rate was 23 and 26%. The odds ratio for adrenocorticotropic or thyreotropic insufficiency was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.30–1.00, P = 0.049) in SRS compared to FRT patients.

Conclusion
Both after FRT and SRS about 75% of patients with acromegaly are in remission or controlled after 10 years. A slightly faster achievement of target values was observed after SRS. The rate of pituitary insufficiency in FRT patients is significantly higher.
ESTIMASI POTENSI DAN TINGKAT PEMANFAATAN SUMBERDAYA LOBSTER PASIR (Panulirus homarus) DI PERAIRAN PRIGI KABUPATEN TRENGGALEK
Authors: Nurfiarini Amula , Wijaya Danu 
Published: January 2020

Spiny lobster atau dikenal dengan sebutan udang karang merupakan komoditas perikanan unggulan yang pemanfaatannya cukup intensif di Teluk Prigi, Kabupaten Trenggalek. Sejauh ini informasi mengenai status stok sebagai dasar pengelolaannya masih sangat terbatas. Salah satu pendekatan untuk menduga status stok yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan penandaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi sumberdaya lobster pasir dan dinamika pemanfaatanya di Perairan Prigi. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan tandai-lepas-tangkap kembali (Capture-Mark-Recapture/CMR), sedangkan analisis potensi lobster mengacu pada Petersen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perikanan lobster termasuk kategori perikanan artisanal (small scale fisheries) yang dijalankan paruh waktu dan dilakukan secara one day fishing. Alat tangkap yang digunakan meliputi; jaring insang (gillnet), krendet (trap net) dan bubu (trap net). Penyebaran lokasi penangkapan di sepanjang tebing pantai berkarang di pesisir Teluk Prigi. Musim puncak penangkapan terjadi pada bulan Oktober-Maret. Karakteristik hasil tangkapan yang didaratkan masih didominasi oleh ukuran larang tangkap yakni mempunyai panjang karapas < 8 cm atau pada kisaran bobot 200-300 g per ekor yang mana proporsi ini mencapai 84,79% dari total tangkapan. Potensi Lobster Pasir di Teluk Prigi adalah 1,19 ton/th dengan tingkat pemanfaatannya baru sekitar 44,53 %. Spiny lobster is a superior fishery commodity that is utilized quite intensively in Prigi, Trenggalek Regency. However information about the status of stocks as a basis for management is still very limited. One approach to estimating stock status that can be done is by marking. This study aims to determine the potential of spiny lobster resources from type of sand lobster, and the dynamics of its utilization in the Prigi Bay waters. The research method uses the Capture-mark-recapture (CMR) approach, while the analysis of lobster stock potential refers to Petersen. The results showed that lobster fisheries were categorized as artisanal fisheries (small scale fisheries) which were run part-time and carried out one day fishing. The fishing gear used includes; net (gillnet), trap net is called as krendet and bubu. Distribution of fishing location along the rugged coastal cliffs on the coast of Prigi waters. The peak for catching season occurs in October-March. The characteristics of the landed catches are still dominated by the no-take size carapace length <8 cm or in the weight range of 200-300 g per tail which reaches 84,79% of the total catch. Sand Lobster Potential in Prigi is 1.19 tons per year with a new utilization rate of around 44,53%.
Injured Podocytes Are Sensitized to Angiotensin II–Induced Calcium Signaling
Authors: Binz-Lotter Julia , Jüngst Christian , Rinschen Markus M. , Koehler Sybille , Zentis Peter , Schauss Astrid , Schermer Bernhard , Benzing Thomas , Hackl Matthias J. 
Published: January 2020

Significance Statement
Although the effects of angiotensin II (AngII) on glomerular perfusion pressure are well characterized, the relevance of AngII signaling in podocytes remains elusive. The authors’ in vivo study demonstrates that AngII elicits only a limited calcium response in podocytes in healthy mice. In contrast, in mice subjected to chemical injury or genetic deletion of the podocin-encoding gene Nphs2, the resultant podocyte damage and proteinuria rendered podocytes responsive to pronounced AngII-induced calcium transients. These findings may explain clinical trial results in humans that demonstrated beneficial renal effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in proteinuric patients, but not in patients with nonproteinuric kidney disease. This study also underscores the importance of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system in patients with podocyte damage and proteinuria.

Background
Inhibition of angiotensin II (AngII) signaling, a therapeutic mainstay of glomerular kidney diseases, is thought to act primarily through regulating glomerular blood flow and reducing filtration pressure. Although extravascular actions of AngII have been suggested, a direct effect of AngII on podocytes has not been demonstrated in vivo.

Methods
To study the effects of AngII on podocyte calcium levels in vivo, we used intravital microscopy of the kidney in mice expressing the calcium indicator protein GCaMP3.

Results
In healthy animals, podocytes displayed limited responsiveness to AngII stimulation. In contrast, in animals subjected to either adriamycin-induced acute chemical injury or genetic deletion of the podocin-encoding gene Nphs2, the consequent podocyte damage and proteinuria rendered the cells responsive to AngII and resulted in AngII-induced calcium transients in significantly more podocytes. The angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker losartan could fully inhibit this response. Also, responsiveness to AngII was at least partly mediated through the transient receptor potential channel 6, which has been implicated in podocyte calcium handling. Interestingly, loss of a single Nphs2 allele also increased podocytes’ responsiveness to AngII signaling. This direct effect of AngII on injured podocytes results in increased calcium transients, which can further aggravate the underlying kidney disease.

Conclusions
Our discovery that podocytes become sensitized to AngII-induced calcium signaling upon injury might explain results from large, randomized, controlled trials in which improved renal outcomes occur only in the subgroup of patients with proteinuria, indicating podocyte damage. Our findings also emphasize the need to treat every patient with a glomerular disease with either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker.
Learning in Crisis: Training Students to Monitor and Address Irresponsible Knowledge Construction by US Federal Agencies under Trump
Authors: Tirrell Chris , Senier Laura , Wylie Sara Ann , Alder Cole , Poudrier Grace , DiValli Jesse , Beck Marcy , Nost Eric , Brackett Rob , Gehrke Gretchen 
Published: January 2020

Immediately after President Trump’s inauguration, US federal science agencies began deleting information about climate change from their websites, triggering alarm among scientists, environmental activists, and journalists about the administration’s attempt to suppress information about climate change and promulgate climate denialism. The Environmental Data & Governance Initiative (EDGI) was founded in late 2016 to build a multidisciplinary collaboration of scholars and volunteers who could monitor the Trump administration’s dismantling of environmental regulations and science deemed harmful to its industrial and ideological interests. One of EDGI’s main initiatives has been training activists and volunteers to monitor federal agency websites to identify how the climate-denialist ideology is affecting public debate and science policy. In this paper, we explain how EDGI’s web-monitoring protocols are being incorporated into college curricula and how, in this way, EDGI’s work aligns with STS work on “critical making” and “making and doing.” EDGI’s work shows how STS scholars can establish new modes of engagement with the state that demand a more transparent and trustworthy relationship with the public, creating spaces where the public can define and demand responsible knowledge practices and participate in the process of creating STS inspired forms of careful, collective, and public knowledge construction.
Tratamiento de las definiciones de los conectores discursivos en la lexicografía didáctica cubana. El caso del Diccionario básico escolar
Authors: Linares Terry Kelly 
Published: January 2020

El interés que despiertan los marcadores del discurso (MD) dentro del proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje de lenguas; el escaso análisis de su tratamiento en los diccionarios escolares hispanoamericanos y la carencia de investigaciones lexicográficas sobre MD en Cuba han motivado la realización de la presente investigación que tiene como objetivo principal examinar los tipos definicionales empleados para un grupo de MD, los conectores, en un diccionario escolar cubano. En él se repasan las características semántico-pragmáticas, señaladas por autores de referencia como Portolés Lázaro, Martín Zorraquino, Fuentes Rodríguez, Montolío Durán, de cada conector registrado en el diccionario con la finalidad de valorar si se incluyen o no en las definiciones objeto de análisis. Además, se evalúa en qué medida se ajusta el tratamiento de los conectores al desiderátum teórico de que como unidades léxicas con significado de procesamiento sus definiciones han de ser funcionales o explicativas.
Los nombres de oficios del ámbito minerometal´úrgico en los Siglos de Oro
Authors: Cantillo Nieves María Teresa 
Published: January 2020

La consolidación del castellano como vehículo de divulgación científica se hace patente en la España del siglo xvi con la publicación de una amplia serie de tratados técnicos que reflejan, junto a los avances tecnológicos de la época, un notable incremento del léxico que los componen.
Los autores de estos tratados, para expresar conceptos anteriormente comunicados sobre todo en latín, o incorporar a su tecnolecto la denominación de nuevas realidades de origen americano, han de recurrir a métodos diversos, como el préstamo de términos ya existentes o la creación directa de unos tecnicismos específicos en castellano.
Algunas de las técnicas practicadas en este período son la metalurgia y la minería, cuyos avances y vocabulario específico se recogen en obras como De re metallica (1568), de Bernardo Pérez de Vargas, el Quilatador de la plata, oro y piedras (1572), de Juan de Arphe, el Diccionario y maneras de hablar que se usan en las minas (1609-11), de García de Llanos o el Arte de los metales (1640), de Álvaro Alonso Barba. En ellas, junto a las denominaciones de metales y minerales, sus técnicas de extracción y beneficio o instrumentos utilizados, encontramos numerosas voces con que se designan los diferentes oficios relacionados con ambas artes.
Nuestro propósito es dar cuenta de estos términos, que sobrepasan la cincuentena, con los que se nombraban a los trabajadores de las minas y a los encargados de la fundición y labrado de metales y minerales, algunos de los cuales se documentan en estos textos por vez primera. A continuación, los clasificaremos en función de los procedimientos morfológicos de formación que operan en ellos y de las técnicas de adaptación al castellano que han experimentado tras tomarse en préstamo de otras lenguas, especialmente las indígenas con las que entran en contacto.
Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Akran Aracılı Uygulamalar: Alanyazın Taraması
Authors: ODLUYURT Serhat , ORUM ÇATTIK Esra 
Published: January 2020

Akran aracılı uygulamalar, normal gelişim gösteren çocuklara, aynı yaşta ya
da benzer gelişim düzeyindeki özel gereksinimli akranlarını akademik ya da
sosyal beceriler yönünden desteklemeyi amaçlayan sistemler olarak
tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan bireylere
farklı akran aracılı uygulamaların kullanıldığı araştırmalara ilişkin güncel
bilgi sunmak ve sonuçlara dayalı önerilerde bulunmaktır. Bu amaçla; OSB olan bireyleri
farklı gelişim alanlarında desteklemek üzere kullanılan akran aracılı
uygulamaların etkililiğini değerlendiren ve uluslararası hakemli dergilerde
2007-2017 yılları arasında yayımlanmış toplam 26 makale incelenmiştir.
Araştırmalara ERIC, Akademik Search Complete ve Google Scholar veri
tabanlarında yapılan elektronik taramalar sonucu ulaşılmıştır. Belirlenen
makaleler temel betimsel özellikler, yöntemsel özellikler ve makalelerin amaç
ve sonuç bulguları kategorileri açısından incelenmiştir. Sonuçta, akran aracılı
uygulamaların erken çocukluk döneminden yetişkinliğe geçiş dönemine kadar olan
süreçte OSB olan bireylere çoğunlukla sosyal etkileşim, iletişim, oyun
becerilerin öğretiminde doğal ya da yapılandırılmış öğretim ortamlarında etkili
olarak kullanılabilen, uygulamalar
olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra akran aracılı uygulamalar kullanılarak
öğretim fırsatlarının daha fazla kullanılabileceği ve öğrenilen becerilerin
genellenme olasılığının arttığı doğal ortamlarda ve büyük grup düzenlemeleriyle
gerçekleştirilen araştırmalara gereksinim olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Akran Koçluk Uygulamasının Fen Bilgisi Öğretmen Adaylarının Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisine Etkisi
Authors: KARAKAYA CIRIT Didem , AYDEMİR Selçuk 
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı akran
koçluk uygulamasının fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan
Bilgisi (TPAB) ve TPAB’ı oluşturan öğelerin gelişimine etkisini incelemektedir.
Bu amaçla çalışmaya 37 fen bilgisi öğretmen adayı (27 kız ve 10 erkek)
katılmıştır. Çeşitli türleri olan koçluk uygulamasının “karşılıklı akran
koçluğu” bu çalışmada kullanılmıştır. 10 haftalık araştırma sürecinin ilk iki
haftasında, öğretmen adaylarına akran koçluğu eğitimi verilmiştir. Kalan 8
haftada ise öğretmen adaylarından sınıf içi öğretim süreçlerinde akran koçluğu
uygulamasını kullanmaları istenmiştir. Ayrıca her hafta “Öğretmenlik
Uygulaması” dersi kapsamında en az bir saatlik teorik dersler işlenmiş ve bu
derslerde öğretmen adaylarına öğretim uygulamaları ve akran koçluğu formlarına
yönelik dönütler verilmiştir.
Dolayısıyla çalışma kapsamında 296 form incelenmiştir. Çalışmada elde
edilen verilerin analizinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada elde
edilen veriler; 1-Bilimsel açıklama, 2-Kısmen bilimsel açıklama ve 3-Bilimsel
olmayan açıklama olmak üzere üç kategoride incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular,
öğretmen adaylarının TPAB ve öğelerinde gelişim olduğunu göstermiştir. Öğretmen
adaylarının ilk haftalarda üç bilgi alanında (alan, pedagojik ve pedagojik alan
bilgisi) ön görüşme aşamasında kısmen bilimsel açıklama düzeyinde bulundukları
sadece teknolojik ve teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisinde bilimsel olmayan
düzeyde yoğunlaşmanın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Son haftalara doğru ise pedagojik
bilgi, teknolojik bilgi ve teknolojik pedagojik alan bilgisinde gelişimin
bilimsel düzeyde yoğunlaşmaya doğru olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gözlem aşamasında
ise öğretmen adaylarının ilk haftalarda beş bilgi alanında da kısmen bilimsel
açıklamada yoğunlaştıkları son haftalara doğru bilimsel açıklama düzeyine doğru
bir geçiş olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Son görüşme aşamasında ise, dört bilgi
alanında ilk haftalarda bilimsel olmayan açıklama düzeyinde yoğunlaşan öğretmen
adayları sonlara doğru kısmen bilimsel açıklamaya doğru gelişim gösterdiği
tespit edilmiştir. Sadece pedagojik bilgide ilk haftalarda kısmen bilimsel
düzeyde yer alan öğretmen adayları son haftalara doğru da aynı düzeyde kaldığı
belirlenmiştir.
Социокультурный феномен эффективной коммуникации на примере детских эмигрантских журналов в Маньчжурии
Authors: Головин Юрий Алексеевич , Коханая Ольга Евгеньевна 
Published: January 2020

<p>Авторы рассматривают специфику создания и функционирования детских эмигрантских периодических изданий в китайской Маньчжурии, в частности, одного из самых популярных эмигрантских изданий Дальнего Востока журнала «Ласточка». Он выходил в г. Харбине с 1926 по 1945 г. Журнал расценивается как самобытный социокультурный институт, который стал охранителем русских культурных традиций, созидателем их в новой культурной среде, неким механизмом социализации, инкультурации и аккультурации юных читателей.</p><p>Подробно рассматриваются этапы становления данного журнала, анализируется деятельность главного редактора издания Е. С. Кауфмана. Он принадлежал еще к первой волне эмигрантов из России, имел несомненный журналистский талант и недюжинные организаторские способности. Опираясь на материалы Государственного архива Хабаровского края, авторы анализируют деятельность Е. А. Васильевой, самого популярного автора детского журнала, отмечают ее поистине миссионерскую деятельность по сохранению русского культурного кода в среде юного поколения русской эмиграции. </p><p>Подчеркивается важная роль православной культуры, которая ярко выразилась в деятельности эмигрантских изданий для детей. Проанализированы различные аспекты взаимодействия редакции журнала с детской аудиторией, оригинальная концепция функционирования журнала, его благотворительные и рекламные акции. Рассмотрены ценностные доминанты политики издания.</p>