bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Insights into the H ii Region G18.88–0.49: Hub–Filament System and Accreting Filaments
Authors: Dewangan L. K. , Ojha D. K. , Sharma Saurabh , Palacio S. del , Bhadari N. K. , Das A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present an analysis of multiwavelength observations of an area of 0.°27 × 0.°27 around the Galactic H ii region G18.88−0.49, which is powered by an O-type star (age ∼ 105 yr). The Herschel column density map reveals a shell-like feature of extension ∼12 pc × 7 pc and mass ∼2.9 × 104
M
⊙ around the H ii region; its existence is further confirmed by the distribution of molecular (12CO, 13CO, C18O, and NH3) gas at [60, 70] km s−1. Four subregions are studied toward this shell-like feature and show a mass range of ∼0.8–10.5 × 103
M
⊙. These subregions associated with dense gas are dominated by nonthermal pressure and supersonic nonthermal motions. The shell-like feature is associated with the H ii region, Class I protostars, and a massive protostar candidate, illustrating the ongoing early phases of star formation (including massive stars). The massive protostar is found toward the position of the 6.7 GHz methanol maser, and is associated with outflow activity. Five parsec-scale filaments are identified in the column density and molecular maps and appear to be radially directed to the dense parts of the shell-like feature. This configuration is referred to as a “hub–filament” system. Significant velocity gradients (0.8–1.8 km s−1 pc−1) are observed along each filament, suggesting that the molecular gas flows toward the central hub along the filaments. Overall, our observational findings favor a global nonisotropic collapse scenario as discussed in Motte et al., which can explain the observed morphology and star formation in and around G18.88−0.49.
Le perspectivisme est soluble dans le réalisme
Authors: Ehrsam Raphaël 
Published: October 2020

Dans cet article, je défends l’idée selon laquelle l’affirmation d’une compatibilité entre le perspectivisme de Nietzsche et le réalisme constitue une option philologique et philosophique théoriquement plus satisfaisante que la mobilisation de Nietzsche sous la bannière de l’antiréalisme – aux côté de penseurs tels que Quine, Rorty ou Derrida). Il devient en effet alors possible de voir comment Nietzsche met place une critique stratégique des valeurs, une écriture gouvernée par ce que je propose de nommer le « trope du redoublement », et une conception originale du rapport entre sens, intérêts et états de choses.
PESQUISA DE POLÍTICA EDUCACIONAL A PARTIR DO MUNICÍPIO
Authors: Feldman Ariel 
Published: October 2020

O artigo objetiva realizar reflexões que possam subsidiar pesquisas que investiguem as interfaces entre disputa pelo poder político local e gestão municipal da educação. Sugere-se a realização de estudos que tenham como recorte espacial municípios interioranos do Brasil, contextualizados no período histórico da vigência da política de fundos (1996-2020). Pondera-se sobre a utilização do conceito de clientelismo numa abordagem interdisciplinar de pesquisa entre diversas áreas das ciências sociais, a antropologia, a sociologia e a pesquisa educacional. Argumenta-se que as elites locais têm um papel ativo na gestão municipal da educação, notadamente em três aspectos, a contratação de professores temporários, a lotação e distribuição de carga horária de docentes concursados e a indicação política de diretores escolares. Municípios do estado do Pará foram utilizados como base empírica para as reflexões teóricas realizadas.
A APROPRIAÇÃO CRISTÃ DOS MITOS CLÁSSICOS
Authors: Amarante José 
Published: October 2020

Partindo de considerações de Quintiliano (inst. 8,3,1) sobre a natureza retórica das figuras de ornamento e a sua relação com a sua utilidade, o presente texto discute os usos de estruturas comparativas e recursos retóricos fronteiriços em um mitógrafo tardo-antigo que viveu entre meados do século V e meados do século VI, chamado Fábio Plancíade Fulgêncio, especialmente em sua obra Mythologiarum libri tres (ou Mythologiae), que é uma espécie de compilação de mitos clássicos interpretados alegoricamente, num momento em que o Cristianismo já se encontrava assentado, mas os elementos do mundo clássico ainda eram valorizados culturalmente e serviam de base para a formação das gerações que se seguiam. Nas Mitologias fulgencianas, para o confronto entre duas realidades ainda em convivência: a pagã e a cristã, a comparação –– em emergência como figura retórica –– se torna um expediente por excelência a esse autor já do período cristão, que escreve para interpretar o conteúdo mitológico pagão, enquadrando-o a sua nova realidade.
Palavras-chave: Mitologia clássica; Cristianismo; Fulgêncio; Comparação.
Abstract: Based on Quintilian's considerations (inst. 8,3,1) on the rhetorical nature of ornament figures and their relation to their usefulness, this text discusses the uses of comparative structures and related rhetorical resources in an late antique mythographer who lived between the middle of the 5th century and the middle of the 6th century and is called Fabius Planciadis Fulgentius, especially in his work Mythologiarum libri tres (or Mythologiae), which is a kind of compilation of classic myths interpreted allegorically, at a time when Christianity was already settled, but the elements of the classical world were still culturally valued and served as a basis for the formation of the generations that followed. In the Fulgentian mythologies, for the confrontation between two realities still coexisting (the pagan and the Christian worlds), the comparison – in emergence as a rhetorical figure – becomes an expedient par excellence to this author already from the Christian period, who writes to interpret the pagan mythological content, framing it to its new reality.
Keywords: Classical mythology; Christianity; Fulgentius; Comparation.
Histomorphological patterns of hepatoblastoma in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chaudhary Dimple , Gupta Latika , Agarwal Radhika , Mallya Varuna , Tomar Reena , Mandal Shramana , Khurana Nita , Sarin Y. K. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Hepatoblastoma (HB), rare malignancy in itself, is the most common primary liver tumor in children. Most common presenting features are abdominal distension or abdominal mass. Several patterns are associated with HB with different prognosis. Furthermore, some patterns have overlapping features with other childhood tumors.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this study is to discuss various patterns of HB which we came across in a tertiary care hospital during our study. H and E slides were reviewed with respect to different patterns, postchemotherapy changes including extramedullary hematopoiesis, necrosis, osteoid metaplasia, necrosis, and fibrosis.

Conclusion:
Different patterns of HB should be kept in mind by the pathologists to avoid any misdiagnosis.
Single-center outcomes of image-guided radiotherapy in the management of vertebral hemangioma with daily kilovoltage cone-beam computerized tomography
Authors: Uysal Bora , Gamsiz Hakan , Dincoglan Ferrat , Sager Omer , Demiral Selcuk , Dirican Bahar , Beyzadeoglu Murat 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Vertebral hemangiomas are defined as benign proliferation of blood vessels. Vertebral hemangiomas are generally found incidentally by computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging; however, they may also cause pain and quality-of-life impairment in some circumstances with reference to their location and association with the spinal cord. In this study, we assessed the utility of image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) in the management of patients with painful vertebral hemangioma.

Materials and Methods:
Patients receiving IGRT for the management of painful vertebral hemangioma were evaluated. The total dose was 24 Gy delivered in 12 daily fractions. The verbal numeric scale (VNS) was used for the assessment of pain relief. The median follow-up duration was 13 months (range: 6–24 months).

Results:
Median preradiotherapy VNS score was 8 (range: 6–10) and median postradiotherapy VNS score was 1 (range: 0–2) for the total 135 patients treated with IGRT at our department for painful vertebral hemangioma. Reduction in VNS scores after IGRT was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our single-center study revealed that IGRT resulted in substantial relief of pain from vertebral hemangioma. Randomized prospective multicenter trials are needed to shed light on the optimal management of patients suffering from pain due to vertebral hemangioma.
A prospective randomized trial comparing accelerated concurrent chemoradiotherapy with conventional concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced carcinoma cervix (IIA–IVA)
Authors: Vias Poorva , Angural Harpreet , Seam Rajeev Kumar , Gupta Manoj Kumar , Gupta Manish , Fotedar Vikas , Negi Anup 
Published: October 2020

Introduction:
Cervical cancer ranks fourth in women worldwide. The management requires a multidisciplinary approach. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin, followed by brachytherapy, is the standard approach. Accelerated radiotherapy (ART) can be used to decrease the treatment duration which can further lead to better outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
Stages II, III, and IVA of carcinoma cervix were studied for 1 year. Ninety patients were randomized in control and study arms, 45 patients in each arm. The total dose of radiation was 50 Gy/25#/5 weeks from Monday to Friday in the control arm and 50 Gy/25#/4 weeks from Monday to Saturday in the study arm, with injection cisplatin 40 mg/m2 intravenous infusion weekly in both the arms.

Results:
The response was similar in both the arms at the first follow-up as well as at median follow-up. However, acute toxicities in the ART arm were more, but they were managed conservatively.

Conclusion:
ART can be used in patients of cervical cancers to decrease the total treatment time. The results were similar in both the groups but need to be studied over more number of patients.
Effet du temps de chauffage des graines de palmier à huile (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq.) sur quelques métabolites au cours du processus de la germination
Authors: Beugré Martine Manéhonon , Konan François Kouakou Yao , Yapo Salomé Edwige Sopie , Konan Eugène Kouakou , Kouadio Justin Yatty 
Published: October 2020

Pour une bonne disponibilité des graines germées sélectionnées et dans un court délai, une technique de "germination par chaleur sèche" modifiée a été initiée. À cet effet les graines ont été traitées à différentes durées de chauffage. Les dosages des polyphénoloxydases (PPO), de la phénylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), des composés phénoliques totaux et des protéines ont été réalisés pour 40, 60 et 80 jours à 40 oC. Les résultats obtenus au niveau des albumens sont négligeables. Chez les embryons, les activités enzymatiques et la teneur des protéines ont diminué avec l’augmentation de la durée de chauffage avec respectivement de 177,7 à 35,07 DO/min/g M.S pour les PPO, de 928,54 à 334 mM d’acide cinnamique/min/g M.S pour la PAL et de 92,4 à 50,73 mg/M.S pour les protéines. Quant aux teneurs phénoliques, elles sont significativement plus faibles pour 60 jours (20,64 mg/g M.S). Une durée de chauffage de 40 jours, avec un pourcentage de germination de 49,2%, a entrainé de fortes activités enzymatiques et de fortes teneurs en protéines et en composés phénoliques comparativement à 60 jours (66,3%) et 80 jours (63,73%). Le métabolisme observé varie selon la durée de chauffage.Mots clés : Traitement, durée de chauffage, polyphénoloxydases, phénylalanine ammonia-lyase, composés phénoliques, protéines. English Title: Effect of heating time of oil palm seeds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) On some metabolites during the germination processFor a good availability of the selected germinated seeds and within a short time, a modified'''' germination by dry heat'' technique was initiated. For this purpose the seeds were treated at different heating times. Determinations of polyphenoloxidases (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), total phenolic compounds and proteins were performed for 40, 60 and 80 days at 40 oC. The results obtained with albumens are negligible. In embryos, enzymatic activities and protein content decreased with increasing heating time, with respectively 177.7 to 35.07 DO/min/g M.S for PPOs, 928.54 to 334 mM cinnamic acid/min/g M.S for PAL and 92.4 to 50.73 mg/M.S for proteins. Phenolic levels are significantly lower for 60 days (20.64 mg/g M.S.). A 40-day heating period, with a germination rate of 49.2%, resulted in high enzymatic activity and high levels of protein and phenolic compounds compared to 60 days (66.3%) and 80 days (63.73%). The observed metabolism varies according to the duration of heatKeywords: Treatment, heating time, polyphenoloxidases, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, phenolic compounds, proteins.
Facteurs influençant les performances de croissance de quelques types génétiques de veaux dans les hautes terres de l’Ouest-Cameroun
Authors: Ngoucheme A. , Manjeli Y. , Etchu Kingsley A. , Youchaou P.M. , Ko Awono P.M.D. , Bayemi H.P. , Mbiadjeu-Lawou S.P. , Sonka V. , Ngoko Z. , Poné D.K. , Germanus S.B. , Isabelle L.N. , Lougbou N.D.D. , Hakoueu N.B.F. , Ntam F. 
Published: October 2020

Dans le cadre de l’amélioration de la productivité des bovins, une étude sur les facteurs influençant les performances de croissance de quelques types génétiques de veaux a été réalisée à Bambui sur 374 animaux de 1998 à 2008. L’objectif étant d’évaluer les effets des principaux facteurs influençant les performances de croissance et d’en déduire les contraintes et les moyens de contrôle. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de la procédure ANOVA du logiciel SAS et les moyennes significatives ont été séparées par le test de Student-Newman-Keul. Au terme de ce travail, il a été déterminé que tous les facteurs ont une influence significative sur tous les traits pré sevrage, tandis que le troupeau n’a pas été significatif sur le poids à la naissance au seuil 5%. Quant à l’évolution du poids et gain moyen quotidien (GMQ) après sevrage, ils ne sont influencés significativement que par la race et le sexe du veau, la race et l’âge de ses parents, l’année, le mois et la saison de naissance et le troupeau. Par ailleurs, certains facteurs environnementaux peuvent masquer les différences génétiques entre les animaux lors de la sélection et le gain génétique ne peut pas être déterminé avec précisionMots clés: Facteurs, croissance, veaux, croisements, races locales. English Title: actors affecting growth performance of terminal crossbred calves in the western highlands of CameroonAs part of the improvement of cattle productivity, a study on the factors influencing the growth performance of some genetic types of calves was conducted at Bambui on 374 animals from 1998 to 2008. The objective being to evaluate the effects of the main factors influencing growth performance and to deduce the constraints and means of control. Data was analyzed using the SAS software ANOVA procedure were separed by the Student-Newman-Keul test. At the end of this work, it has been determined that all factors have a significant influence on all pre-weaning traits,while the flock was not significant on birth weight at the 5% threshold. Mean weight gain and mean daily gain ( ADG) after weaning were significantly influenced only by breed and sex of calf, race and age of parents, year, month and year birth season and the flock. In addition, some environmental factors may mask genetic differences between animals during breeding and genetic gaincan not be determineb accurately.Keywords: Factors, growth, calves, crosses, indigenous breeds.
Revue bibliographique sur la composition chimique et les activités biologiques de <i>Guiera senegalensis</i> J.F. Gmel. (Combretaceae)
Authors: Tine Yoro , Diop Moussa , Ndoye Idrissa , Diallo Alioune , Wele Alassane 
Published: October 2020

Cette étude avait pour objectif de faire le point sur la composition chimique et les activités biologiques de G. senegalensis, une plante médicinale largement utilisée en Afrique par les guérisseurs traditionnels pour le traitement de divers troubles. La plupart de ces études chimiques ont porté sur le criblage phytochimique des extraits de feuilles, de racines, de tiges et de galles. Elles ont montré la présence d'hydrates de carbone, de stéroïdes, de saponines, de flavonoïdes, d’alcaloïdes, de tanins, de saponines, de glycosides cardiaques, de coumarines, d’anthraquinones, d’acide ascorbique, d’hétérosides cardiotoniques, de cyanogènes et de terpénoïdes. Les potentialités thérapeutiques des extraits de G. senegalensis rapportées dans plusieurs travaux scientifiques ont porté sur les activités antibactériennes, antitussives, antidiarrhéiques, cytotoxiques, anti-inflammatoires antipaludiques, antitrypanosomiques, antihelminthiques, antivirales et antioxydantes. Des études de toxicité sur ces extraits ont été aussi réalisées. Ainsi, des études de caractérisation chimique (variabilité chimique), de formulation galénique et aussi de toxicité clinique sur G. senegalensis doivent être menées afin de mettre en place des produits de phytothérapie moderne.Mots clés: Phytochimie, pharmacologie, feuilles, Guiera senegalensis. English Title: Review on the chemical composition and biological activities of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel. (Combretaceae)The aim of this study was to review the chemical composition and biological activities of G. senegalensis, a medicinal plant widely used in Africa by traditional healers for the treatment of various disorders. Most of these chemical studies have focused on the phytochemical screening of leaf, root, stem and gall extracts. They showed the presence of carbohydrate, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, anthraquinones, ascorbic acid, cardiotonic glycosides, cyanogens and terpenoids. The therapeutic potentialities of extracts of G. senegalensis reported in several scientific studies have focused on antibacterial, antitussive, antidiarrheal, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitrypanosomal, anthelmintic, antiviral and antioxidant activities. Toxicity studies on these extracts have also been carried out. Thus, chemical characterization studies (chemical variability), galenic formulation and clinical toxicity studies on G. senegalensis must be carried out in order to implement modern phytotherapy products.Keywords: Phytochemistry, pharmacology, leaves, Guiera senegalensis.
Perceptions of the Relationship between Cultural Biases and Farmer-Herder Conflicts in Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Mahmood Hamid U. , Azuaga Chia I. 
Published: October 2020

This study examined the relationship between cultural biases and farmer-herder conflicts in Taraba State, Nigeria. The population was made up of 973 respondents comprising the households of selected farmers and herders in Taraba State. The sample size of210 was selected using purposive sampling procedure. The instrument for data collection was an 18-item questionnaire. One hundred and ninety-five (195) copies of the questionnaire were successfully retrieved and analysed. Mean and standard deviation was used to summarise the data. Findings indicated that cultural barriers which spots nomads as strangers in farming communities is among some aspects of cultural biases that promote farmer-herder conflicts in Taraba State. Government should come up with policies that will reduce the vegetative impact of cultural preferences and barriers.
Keywords: Cultural biases, farmer-herder conflicts, socio-economic activities
Sustainable Water Conservation Practices and Challenges among Smallholder Farmers in Enyibe Ermelo Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Authors: Agholor Azikiwe Isaac , Nkosi Mzwakhe 
Published: October 2020

The study examined the adoption of water conservation practices and challenges encountered by smallholder farmers in water resource conservation in Enyibe, Ermelo South Africa. The data were collected using structured questionnaires, observation and focus group discussion. Frequency, mean and logistics regression were used for data analysis. Age (β=1.238), sex (β=-1.497), level of education (β=-1.062), access to irrigation facilities (β=1.690), payment of water tariff (β=1.369) and agricultural extension advice (β=-.631) were significant and associated with adoption of water conservation practice. The identified constraints in the adoption process were inadequate technical guidelines, financial, government policies, and inadequate knowledge of water conservation practices. There is need to improve information, showcase the benefits of water conservation, and ensure maintenance of water conservation infrastructure. Concerted effort must be made to establish robust database on water resource conservation and sources of water utilised in the area.
Keywords: Sustainable, water conservation, constraints, adoption
Institutional Factors Influencing Diary Farmers Participation in Formal and Informal Milk Markets in Maseru Urban, Lesotho, South Africa
Authors: Rantlo Ashby Montoeli , Tsoako Molulela , Muroyiwa Brian 
Published: October 2020

The study assessed institutional factors influencing participation in milk markets in Maseru urban. Thirty (30) diary farmers were selected using structured questionnaires. Data were analysed using percentage and logit regression model. Results showed that dairy farmers (60%) used formal market channels more than informal market channels (40%). Market information (0.083), membership in organization and collective action (0.088), government support (0.036) and contractual agreements (0.034) influence participation in formal markets while social capital (0.036), path dependency (0.043), delayed payments (0.084) and distance to milk collection centres (0.054) influence participation in the informal markets. Advance payments should be introduced; institutional support system developed as well as the decentralisation of the milk collection centers or points.
Keywords: Market participation, institutional factors, milk markets, dairy farmers
Socio- Economic Characteristics of Urban Extension Workers Influencing Empowerment of Farmers in Nairobi County, Kenya
Authors: Mwaura Mary Njoki , Wangia Sabina Mukoya , Origa Japheth Ododa , Oliver Lee Ernest Mbatia 
Published: October 2020

The study examined the influence of socio-economic characteristics of urban extension workers on farmers’ empowerment. Purposive and simple random sampling methods were used to select 64 extension workers by utilizing the Yamane formula. Data were collected by the use of questionnaires. Frequencies, percentiles and multiple linear regressions were utilised to analyse the data. The extension workers’ socio - economic characteristics were found to positively influence the choice of extension methods. The findings revealed that 37.2% of farmer empowerment could be explained by the choice of extension methods influenced by the characteristics of extension workers. However, 49.9% of the extension workers were not aware of the adult learning principles (ALPs) that are employed in the appropriate choice of extension methods. The study recommends that extension workers in Nairobi County be trained in competencies to consider ALPs and information communication and technology (ICT) techniques in choices of extension methods. These competencies can ultimately lead to an extension system design transformation that will assist the few extension workers to serve more farmers efficiently and effectively leading to farmer empowerment.
Key words: Extension worker characteristics, farmer empowerment, Nairobi, urban and peri-urban agriculture.