bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Inland and Coastal Fisheries: Key Lessons Drawn from Community-based Fisheries Management in Bangladesh
Authors: Mustafa Md. Golam 
Published: March 2020

Aim: To build an appropriate basis for inland and coastal fisheries co-management through the involvement of key government agencies, fishers, traders and relevant stakeholders.
Study Design: Literature review of the community-based fisheries management projects in Bangladesh during 1995-2017 and examine fisher’s perceptions of co-management approaches from an inclusive cross-section of fishing households.
Place and Duration of Study: The study sites are located in six riverine districts in Bangladesh, namely Bhola, Chandpur and Laxmipur within fish sanctuary areas and Barisal, Pirojpur and Jhalokathi outside fish sanctuary areas.
Methodology: The study included community-based fisheries management project’s knowledge in different inland and coastal habitat types in Bangladesh. The study comprised on lessons learned from field activities, workshops on fisheries co-management with the public, NGOs, experts, civil society, fisher’s organizations, traders and related stakeholders, and reviews of several reports on other community-based fisheries management initiatives in Bangladesh. The study also examined stakeholder perceptions of co-management approaches from a cross-section of 1200 fishing households in 24 fishing villages.
Results: Results indicated that performance of community-based fisheries management in Bangladesh varied widely to improve natural fish production, fish abundance and biodiversity and, with the nature of the community involved. These include the development capabilities of user groups through formation of village level Conservation Groups and fish landing center-based organizations, and capabilities of the key government agencies and law enforcing agencies for enhancing compliance.
Conclusions: This paper proposes a co-management arrangement for fishery management along the fish sanctuary areas of the Padma-Meghna River systems in Bangladesh. These findings provided the scientific basis of community managed fisheries management and its applications.
Enhancement‐Mode PEDOT:PSS Organic Electrochemical Transistors Using Molecular De‐Doping
Authors: Keene Scott T. , van der Pol Tom P. A. , Zakhidov Dante , Weijtens Christ H. L. , Janssen René A. J. , Salleo Alberto , van de Burgt Yoeri 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) show great promise for flexible, low‐cost, and low‐voltage sensors for aqueous solutions. The majority of OECT devices are made using the polymer blend poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), in which PEDOT is intrinsically doped due to inclusion of PSS. Because of this intrinsic doping, PEDOT:PSS OECTs generally operate in depletion mode, which results in a higher power consumption and limits stability. Here, a straightforward method to de‐dope PEDOT:PSS using commercially available amine‐based molecular de‐dopants to achieve stable enhancement‐mode OECTs is presented. The enhancement‐mode OECTs show mobilities near that of pristine PEDOT:PSS (≈2 cm2 V−1 s−1) with stable operation over 1000 on/off cycles. The electron and proton exchange among PEDOT, PSS, and the molecular de‐dopants are characterized to reveal the underlying chemical mechanism of the threshold voltage shift to negative voltages. Finally, the effect of the de‐doping on the microstructure of the spin‐cast PEDOT:PSS films is investigated.
PVP Treatment Induced Gradient Oxygen Doping in In2S3 Nanosheet to Boost Solar Water Oxidation of WO3 Nanoarray Photoanode
Authors: Tian Wei , Chen Cheng , Meng Linxing , Xu Weiwei , Cao Fengren , Li Liang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe photoelectrochemical performance of the WO3 photoanode is limited by the severe charge recombination in the bulk phase and at the WO3/electrolyte interface. Herein, In2S3 nanosheets are integrated onto the surface of the WO3 nanowall array photoanode, followed by a facile polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution treatment. The PVP treatment results in sulfur vacancies and a gradient oxygen doping into In2S3 from surface to interior, which induces the formation of a gradient energy band distribution. The gradient band structured In2S3 and type II band alignment at the WO3/In2S3 interface simultaneously create a channel that favors photogenerated electrons to migrate from the surface to the conductive substrate, thereby suppressing bulk carrier recombination. Meanwhile, the sulfur vacancies and oxygen doping contribute to increased charge carrier concentration, prolonged carrier lifetime, more active sites, and small interfacial transfer impedance. As a consequence, the PVP treated WO3/In2S3 heterostructure photoanode exhibits a significantly enhanced photocurrent of 1.61 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and negative onset potential of 0.02 V versus RHE.
Dryland crop production and economic returns for crop residue harvest or grazing
Authors: Archer David W. , Liebig Mark A. , Kronberg Scott L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile crop residues could provide an additional source of revenue for agricultural producers, there are concerns that harvesting these residues could have negative effects on productivity and economic returns. Although crop residue harvest effects have been studied in wetter areas, including the U.S. Corn Belt and Southeast, there have been few studies in more arid areas. The objective of this analysis was to quantify intermediate‐term (6‐yr) effects of crop residue harvest on crop productivity and economic returns for different biomass harvest intensities and methods, and for different practices aimed at mitigating negative effects of residue harvest in the U.S. Northern Great Plains. Crop rotation treatments included spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), W–P; spring wheat–dry pea/cover crop mix, W–P/CC; and spring wheat–dry pea–corn (Zea mays L.), W–P–C. Biomass removal treatments included no biomass removal, bale and remove wheat straw, bale and remove residues from each crop, and graze all crop residues. Significant corn yield reductions occurred when baling crop residues, but not with grazing. However, significant spring wheat yield reductions occurred with grazing in the W–P rotation. Grazing may be more suited to the W–P–C rotation than the W–P or W–P/CC rotations as the breakeven grazing price was lower in this rotation, and the grazing treatment in this rotation had both relatively high economic returns and low economic risk over the study period.
Diketopyrrolopyrrole Derivatives Functionalized with N‐Annulated PDI and Se‐Annulated PDI by Direct (Hetero)Arylation Methods
Authors: Welsh Thomas A. , Nazari Maryam , Welch Gregory C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report on the synthesis of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives functionalized with N‐annulated and Se‐annulated perylene diimide (NPDI and SePDI, respectively) via direct (hetero)arylation methods. DPP is symmetrically bifunctionalized with SePDI (SePDI−DPP−SePDI) and unsymmetrically functionalized with SePDI and NPDI (SePDI−DPP−NPDI). The effects of Se substitution compared to N substitution on physical, electrochemical, and optical properties are investigated along with performance as non‐fullerene acceptors in photovoltaic devices. It is found that Se substitution increases the electron affinity of the π‐conjugated molecule and blue shifts the optical absorption spectra, observations that were supported by computational analysis. Steric strain between the PDI endcap and DPP core prevent complete electronic communication along the π‐conjugated backbone and results in the unsymmetrical compound, SePDI−DPP−NPDI, having electronic and optical properties that are a linear combination of both the symmetrical SePDI and NPDI based compounds. The SePDI−DPP−NPDI compound has a distinct melt observed at 343 °C and organic photovoltaic devices based on this compound had lower than expected open‐circuit voltages, suggesting a unique solid‐state packing arrangement. SePDI‐based compounds performed worse than the NPDI‐based compound in organic photovoltaic devices using the donor polymer PTB7‐Th.
Realized distribution patterns of crowned lemurs (Eulemur coronatus) within a human‐dominated forest fragment in northern Madagascar
Authors: Mercado Malabet Fernando , Peacock Heather , Razafitsalama Jeremi , Birkinshaw Christopher , Colquhoun Ian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDue to the impact of anthropogenic activities on forest extent and integrity across Madagascar, it is increasingly necessary to assess how endangered lemur populations inhabiting human‐dominated forest fragments can effectively sustain themselves ecologically. Our research addresses this concern by exploring how the distribution patterns of a small population of crowned lemurs (Eulemur coronatus), occupying a degraded forest fragment at Oronjia Forest New Protected Area in northern Madagascar, are impacted by the availability of key ecological and anthropogenic factors. We hypothesize that the distribution of E. coronatus within the fragment is limited by the availability of critical ecological resources and conditions and the intensity of anthropogenic features and activities. To examine this, we used MaxEnt to develop a species distribution model using presence‐only occurrence records and 10 independent background covariates detailing the site's ecological and anthropogenic aspects. The results indicate that the realized distribution patterns of E. coronatus within human‐dominated forest fragments are strongly associated with sections of forest that contain sparsely and sporadically distributed resources, such as freshwater and continuous hardwood vegetation. We conclude that the distribution of E. coronatus at Oronjia is shaped by their need to maximize foraging opportunities in a degraded forest landscape where they are subject to both environmental and anthropogenic stressors.
Dynamical Bonding Driving Mixed Valency in a Metal Boride
Authors: Robinson Paul J. , Munarriz Julen , Valentine Michael E. , Granmoe Austin , Drichko Natalia , Chamorro Juan R. , Rosa Priscila F. , McQueen Tyrel M. , Alexandrova Anastassia N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSamarium hexaboride is an anomaly, having many exotic and seemingly mutually incompatible properties. It was proposed to be a mixed‐valent semiconductor, and later a topological Kondo insulator, and yet has a Fermi surface despite being an insulator. We propose a new and unified understanding of SmB6centered on the hitherto unrecognized dynamical bonding effect: the coexistence of two Sm−B bonding modes within SmB6, corresponding to different oxidation states of the Sm. The mixed valency arises in SmB6from thermal population of these distinct minima enabled by motion of B. Our model simultaneously explains the thermal valence fluctuations, appearance of magnetic Fermi surface, excess entropy at low temperatures, pressure‐induced phase transitions, and related features in Raman spectra and their unexpected dependence on temperature and boron isotope.
A Transient‐Directing‐Group Strategy Enables Enantioselective Reductive Heck Hydroarylation of Alkenes
Authors: Oxtoby Lucas J. , Li Zi‐Qi , Tran Van T. , Erbay Tuğçe G. , Deng Ruohan , Liu Peng , Engle Keary M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetal‐coordinating directing groups have seen extensive use in the field of transition‐metal‐catalyzed alkene functionalization; however, their waste‐generating installation and removal steps limit the efficiency and practicality of reactions that rely on their use. Inspired by developments in asymmetric organocatalysis, where reactions rely on reversible covalent interactions between an organic substrate and a chiral mediator, we have developed a transient‐directing‐group approach to reductive Heck hydroarylation of alkenyl benzaldehyde substrates that proceeds under mild conditions. Highly stereoselective migratory insertion is facilitated by in situ formation of an imine from catalytic amounts of a commercially available amino acid additive. Computational studies reveal an unusual mode of enantioinduction by the remote chiral center in the transient directing group.
Künstliche Enzymkaskaden angetrieben mittels elektrischer Energie
Authors: Al‐Shameri Ammar , Petrich Marie‐Christine , junge Puring Kai , Apfel Ulf‐Peter , Nestl Bettina M. , Lauterbach Lars 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWir haben eine skalierbare Plattform entwickelt, bei der die Elektrolyse für eine synthetische Enzymkaskade in einem Durchflussreaktor eingesetzt wird. Sowohl H2 als auch O2 wurden durch Elektrolyse hergestellt und über eine gasdurchlässige Membran in das Durchflusssystem überführt. Die Membran ermöglichte die Trennung des Elektrolyten von den Biokatalysatoren im Durchflusssystem, wobei H2 und O2 als Elektronenvermittler für die Biokatalysatoren dienten. Darüber hinaus demonstrierten wir die Herstellung methylierter N‐Heterozyklen aus Diaminen mit bis zu einer 99 % Produktbildung sowie einer ausgezeichneten regioselektiven Markierung mit stabilen Isotopen. Diese entwickelte Plattform kann für ein breites Spektrum von Oxidoreduktasen eingesetzt werden, um elektrische Energie für die Synthese von Feinchemikalien zu nutzen.
Iridium‐katalysierte C‐H‐Borylierung von Heteroarenen: Eine Balance zwischen sterischer and elektronischer Regiokontrolle
Authors: Wright Jay S. , Scott Peter J. H. , Steel Patrick G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDie Ir‐katalysierte Borylierung aromatischer C‐H‐Bindungen ist heute die bevorzugte Methode zur Synthese aromatischer Organoborverbindungen. Sie ist hocheffizient, toleriert vielzählige Substituenten und kann bei carbo‐ wie auch heterocyclischen Substraten angewendet werden. Die Regioselektivität der C‐H‐Aktivierung beruht hauptsächlich auf sterischen Überlegungen, und in den letzten Jahren gab es erhebliche Bemühungen, selektivere Prozesse für weniger eingeschränkte Substrate zu entwickeln. Allerdings haben sich viele Arbeiten auf benzoide Arene konzentriert, wogegen Heteroarene begehrte und anspruchsvolle Substrate bleiben, in denen die Reaktivität und Regioselektivität von der Stellung und/oder Art der Heteroatome abhängt. Dieser Aufsatz gibt einen Überblick über die Borylierung von Heteroarenen und konzentriert sich auf den Einfluss sterischer und elektronischer Effekte auf das regiochemische Ergebnis. Außerdem soll er durch Verknüpfung mit dem derzeitigen mechanistischen Verständnis einen Einblick in die momentanen Möglichkeiten und Richtungen für weitere notwendige Entwicklungen bieten.
Constructing a Super‐Saturated Electrolyte Front Surface for Stable Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc Batteries
Authors: Yang Huijun , Chang Zhi , Qiao Yu , Deng Han , Mu Xiaowei , He Ping , Zhou Haoshen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc batteries (RAZB) have been re‐evaluated because of the superiority in addressing safety and cost concerns. Nonetheless, the limited lifespan arising from dendritic electrodeposition of metallic Zn hinders their further development. Herein, a metal–organic framework (MOF) was constructed as front surface layer to maintain a super‐saturated electrolyte layer on the Zn anode. Raman spectroscopy indicated that the highly coordinated ion complexes migrating through the MOF channels were different from the solvation structure in bulk electrolyte. Benefiting from the unique super‐saturated front surface, symmetric Zn cells survived up to 3000 hours at 0.5 mA cm−2, near 55‐times that of bare Zn anodes. Moreover, aqueous MnO2–Zn batteries delivered a reversible capacity of 180.3 mAh g−1and maintained a high capacity retention of 88.9 % after 600 cycles with MnO2mass loading up to 4.2 mg cm−2.
Messungen an μm‐Proben – ein alternativer Weg zur Untersuchung intrinsischer Eigenschaften von Festkörper‐Materialien am Beispiel des Halbleiters TaGeIr
Authors: Antonyshyn I. , Wagner F. R. , Bobnar M. , Sichevych O. , Burkhardt U. , Schmidt M. , König M. , Poeppelmeier K. , Mackenzie A. P. , Svanidze E. , Grin Yu. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEine korrekte Materialuntersuchung wird häufig durch mikro‐ und makroskopische Einschlüsse von Sekundärphasen verhindert. In einigen Fällen können aufwändige Syntheseverfahren dieses Problem lösen; in anderen gelingt jedoch keine Herstellung einphasiger Materialien. Ein Beispiel ist TaGeIr, dessen Eigenschaften stark probenabhängig sind. Eine Erklärung dafür ist das Auftreten mehrerer Phasen, die den elektronischen Transport im Material beeinflussen. Dieser Einfluss der Minoritätsphasen konnte vermieden werden, indem mithilfe eines fokussierten Ionenstrahls μm‐große Messkörper präpariert wurden, die nur eine einzelne Phase – TaGeIr – enthielten. Wir liefern hier einen Nachweis der intrinsischen Halbleitereigenschaften von TaGeIr als Beispiel für die selektive Präparation einphasiger Messkörper. Die Verwendung von μm‐großen Messkörpern bietet einen Zugang zu intrinsischen Eigenschaften von Verbindungen, die nicht einphasig synthetisierbar sind, und reduziert dadurch teure und zeitaufwändige Bemühungen zur Materialsynthese.
Electrochemical Phase Evolution of Metal‐Based Pre‐Catalysts for High‐Rate Polysulfide Conversion
Authors: Zhao Meng , Peng Hong‐Jie , Li Bo‐Quan , Chen Xiao , Xie Jin , Liu Xinyan , Zhang Qiang , Huang Jia‐Qi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn situ evolution of electrocatalysts is of paramount importance in defining catalytic reactions. Catalysts for aprotic electrochemistry such as lithium–sulfur (Li‐S) batteries are the cornerstone to enhance intrinsically sluggish reaction kinetics but the true active phases are often controversial. Herein, we reveal the electrochemical phase evolution of metal‐based pre‐catalysts (Co4N) in working Li‐S batteries that renders highly active electrocatalysts (CoSx). Electrochemical cycling induces the transformation from single‐crystalline Co4N to polycrystalline CoSx that are rich in active sites. This transformation propels all‐phase polysulfide‐involving reactions. Consequently, Co4N enables stable operation of high‐rate (10 C, 16.7 mA cm−2) and electrolyte‐starved (4.7 μL mgS−1) Li‐S batteries. The general concept of electrochemically induced sulfurization is verified by thermodynamic energetics for most of low‐valence metal compounds.
Micro‐Scale Device—An Alternative Route for Studying the Intrinsic Properties of Solid‐State Materials: The Case of Semiconducting TaGeIr
Authors: Antonyshyn I. , Wagner F. R. , Bobnar M. , Sichevych O. , Burkhardt U. , Schmidt M. , König M. , Poeppelmeier K. , Mackenzie A. P. , Svanidze E. , Grin Yu. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn efficient application of a material is only possible if we know its physical and chemical properties, which is frequently obstructed by the presence of micro‐ or macroscopic inclusions of secondary phases. While sometimes a sophisticated synthesis route can address this issue, often obtaining pure material is not possible. One example is TaGeIr, which has highly sample‐dependent properties resulting from the presence of several impurity phases, which influence electronic transport in the material. The effect of these minority phases was avoided by manufacturing, with the help of focused‐ion‐beam, a μm‐scale device containing only one phase—TaGeIr. This work provides evidence for intrinsic semiconducting behavior of TaGeIr and serves as an example of selective single‐domain device manufacturing. This approach gives a unique access to the properties of compounds that cannot be synthesized in single‐phase form, sparing costly and time‐consuming synthesis efforts.
A data‐driven approach for flow corrosion characteristic parameters prediction in an air cooler
Authors: Jin Haozhe , Wu Xiangyao , Liu Xiaofei , Zhang Lin , Gu Yong , Quan Jianxun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA data‐driven soft measurement method based on a multiunit back propagation neural network (MBPNN) is presented in this study. This model aims to estimate the characteristic parameters that can reflect the flow corrosion of the reactor effluent air cooler (REAC). Flow corrosion failure during the hydrogenation process presents a serious concern to the petrochemical industry. In this paper, a safety evaluation of flow corrosion failure for a petrochemical diesel hydrogenation unit is first carried out. During the investigation, it is found that there is a risk of NH4Cl crystallization at around 187°C. Then, considering flow‐induced corrosion and ammonium salt deposition, main characteristic parameters are determined, including NH4Cl crystallization temperature (TC), air cooler tube bundle minimum and maximum flow rate (VminandVmax), air cooler inlet liquid water content (CW), and NH4HS concentration (CA). Finally, the data‐driven model based on a multiunit back propagation neural network (MBPNN) is constructed. An improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach is employed to initialize the main parameters of the model. Compared with a multioutput back propagation neural network (BPNN) model and MBPNN model without an optimization algorithm, the presented data‐driven model is proved to have high accuracy, a fast convergence rate, and high reliability.
Absorption of CO2 in aqueous blend of methyldiethanolamine and arginine
Authors: Talkhan Ahmed Gomaa , Benamor Abdelbaki , Nasser Mustafa , El‐Naas Muftah H. , El‐Tayeb Sayed Ahmad , El‐Marsafy Sahar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe objective of this research is to study for the first time the effect of adding l‐arginine (Arg) amino acid on the solubility of carbon dioxide in aqueous solution of N‐methyldiethanolamine (MDEA). The study was carried out at different mixing ratios of MDEA and Arg at a total concentration of 2 moles per litre. The CO2 partial pressure varied from about 10 to 100 kPa, and the temperature varied from 293 K to 323 K. The experimental results showed improved solubility of CO2 with the addition of Arg at CO2 partial pressures below 20 kPa. However, for CO2 partial pressure of above 20 kPa, the addition of Arg caused a decrease in the solubility of CO2. The obtained loading data were correlated using a semiempirical (SE) vapour liquid equilibrium (VLE) model with an average absolute deviation (AAD) less than 4.1% between the predicted and the experimental values. An estimation of the heat of CO2 absorption in the solution was obtained using an analytical expression for ΔHabs derived from the SE model and was found to be in the range of 29‐ to 40‐kJ/mole CO2. From the finding of this work, it is anticipated that the studied novel blended solvent will effectively reduce CO2 capture costs as the CO2 content of most gas streams is less than 20% by volume, which is specifically true for natural gas and a large number of industrial flue gas streams.