bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teachers' Experiences, Attitudes, and Perceptions Towards Early Inclusion in Urban Settings
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Cambray-Engstrom Elizabeth , Wang Jing , Kang Veronica Y. , Choi Youn-Jeng , Coba-Rodriguez Sarai 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGiven that inclusion benefits all children, it is important to understand why there are discrepancies in its implementation. Understanding teachers' views on inclusion may help identify ways to improve its implementation and prevent disparities. Although teachers' beliefs about inclusion have been widely explored, the beliefs and experiences of early childhood general and special education teachers in urban settings remain relatively understudied. This study explored early childhood educators' perceptions of inclusion in urban schools, using a mixed-method approach. The results from the qualitative focus group interviews (n = 13) reveal that most teachers have positive beliefs about inclusion and that there are specific benefits, challenges, and needs concerning early inclusion in urban settings. The analysis of the survey data (n = 36) shows differences in beliefs about inclusion among teachers of different ages and/or years of experience. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.
Intrarectal Electromotive Botulinum Toxin Type A Administration in Children With Intractable Constipation: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kajbafzadeh Abdol-Mohammad , Sharifi-Rad Lida , Nabavizadeh Behnam , Ladi-Seyedian Seyedeh-Sanam , Alijani Maryam , Farahmand Fatemeh , Motamed Farzaneh , Alimadadi Hosein , Fallahi Arash , Fallahi Gholam-Hossein 
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Children with refractory constipation might not respond to conventional medical treatments. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of intrarectal botulinum toxin type A/electromotive drug administration (BoNTA/EMDA) on constipation in these children and compared its efficacy with routine intrasphincteric BoNTA injection.

METHODS:
From 2017 to 2019, 60 children aged 5–13 years who fulfilled Rome III criteria for intractable constipation were enrolled and randomly assigned into 2 treatment groups. EMDA group (n = 30) underwent BoNTA/EMDA, whereas the control group (n = 30) received injection of BoNTA into the internal anal sphincter. A complete bowel habit diary (with data on the frequency of defecation per week, stool form, and the number of fecal soiling episodes), a constipation score questionnaire, and a visual pain score were recorded before treatment and at 1 month and 6 months after treatment. In addition, children in both groups were assessed with a constipation-related quality of life questionnaire.

RESULTS:
After 1-month follow-up, treatment reduced the number of patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria in both EMDA (24/30, 80%) and injection (25/30, 83.3%) groups (P < 0.001). The stool form was normalized in 73.3% (22/30) in EMDA group and 80% (24/30) in injection group after treatment. The median of constipation score and pain score decreased significantly in both groups after treatment (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).

DISCUSSION:
BoNTA/EMDA seems to be as effective as intrasphincteric BoNTA injection for treatment of intractable constipation. In addition, this technique is associated with less comorbidity, is less costly, and can be performed in an office-based setting without general anesthesia.
Aplikasi Teori Kebutuhan Maslow dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab (Implementasi Pendekatan Humanistik)
Authors: Amalia Aam 
Published: September 2020

This research aims to describe the humanistic approach in Arabic learning. The method used in this research is library research which data comes from various sources, both from libraries and various websites that exist on the internet. The source is books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, journals, documents, magazines, and others. The results of this study attempt to illustrate that a humanistic approach is an approach that helps learners to enjoy learning on the subject matter in developing the potential of students themselves in a better direction. The humanistic approach can be used in Arabic language education, Humanistic approach emphasizes guidance education, develops and directs student's basic potential in terms of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan paradigma pendekatan humanistik dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode library research yang data-datanya berasal dari berbagai sumber,baik dari perpustakaan maupun berbagai website yang ada di internet meliputi buku,ensiklopedi, kamus, jurnal, dokumen, majalah, dan lain-lain. Hasil penelitian ini berusaha menggambarkan pendekatan humanistik merupakan sebuah pendekatan yang membantu peserta didik untuk senang belajar pada suatu objek atau materi pelajaran dalam mengembangkan potensi diri peserta didik ke arah yang lebih baik. Dengan demikian pendekatanhumanistik dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Pendekatan humanistik menekankan pada pendidikan membimbing, mengembangkan dan mengarahkan potensi dasar peserta didik baik dari segi kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor.
Kata kunci: Teori Kebutuhan Maslow, Pendekatan Humanistik, Bahasa Arab.
Knowing in interaction: An introduction
Authors: Grzech Karolina , Schultze-Berndt Eva , Bergqvist Henrik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article provides an introduction for the collection of methodologically oriented papers comprising this Special Issue. We define the concept of epistemicity as used in descriptive linguistics and discuss notions related to it – some well-established, some more recent – such as evidentiality, egophoricity, epistemic authority and engagement. We give a preliminary overview of the different types of epistemic marking attested in the languages of the world and discuss the recent developments in the field of epistemic research focussing on methodologies for investigating epistemic marking. In the second part of the paper, we focus on the more practical side of epistemic fieldwork; the types of data that can be used in documenting linguistic expressions of epistemicity and best practices for data collection. We discuss the experimental methods that are used in the description of epistemic systems, both those developed for this particular purpose and those adapted from other types of linguistic research. We provide a critical evaluation of those materials and stimuli and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, we introduce the contributions to the Special Issue, discussing the languages studied by the authors of the contributions and the fieldwork methods they used in their research.
Swedish modal particles as markers of engagement: Evidence from distribution and frequency
Authors: Bergqvist Henrik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe paper analyses the Swedish modal particlesjuandvälas markers of engagement. This analysis finds support in the distribution and frequency ofjuandvälin a corpus of spoken Swedish along with an examination of existing accounts concerning the semantics of the investigated forms. Engagement encodes differences in the distribution of knowledge and/or attention between the speaker and the addressee, where the basic semantic contrast consists of the speaker asserting an assumption about the addressee’s knowledge of/attention to an event as either shared, or non-shared with the speaker.Juandvälare paradigmatically contrastive in signaling shared access to an event from the point of view of the speaker, or the addressee:jusignals shared access to an event and at the same time places the epistemic authority with the speaker, andvälsignals shared access to an event, placing the epistemic authority with the addressee. Analytical support forjuandvälas markers of engagement comes from the distribution of both forms with first person (jag), second person (du), and generic (man) subject pronouns.
Mineralogy, mineral chemistry and thermobarometry of post-mineralization dykes of the Sungun Cu–Mo porphyry deposit (Northwest Iran)
Authors: Kamali Amin Allah , Moayyed Mohsen , Amel Nasir , Mohammad Fadaeian , Brenna Marco , Saumur Benoit M. , Santos José Francisco 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Sungun copper–molybdenum porphyry deposit is located in the north of Varzaghan, northwestern Iran. The Sungun quartz-monzonite is the oldest mineralized intrusive body in the region and was emplaced during the Early Miocene. Eight categories of the late and unmineralized dykes, which include quartz diorite, gabbrodiorite, diorite, dacite, microdiorite and lamprophyre (LAM), intrude the ore deposit. The main mineral phases in the dykes include plagioclase, amphibole and biotite, with minor quartz and apatite and secondary chlorite, epidote, muscovite and sericite. The composition of plagioclase in the quartz diorite dykes (DK1a, DK1b and DK1c) varies from albite-oligoclase to andesine and oligoclase to andesine; in the diorite, it varies from andesine to labradorite; in the LAM, from albite to oligoclase; and in the microdiorite (MDI), it occurs as albite. Amphibole compositions are consistent with classification as hornblende or calcic amphibole. Based on their AlIV value (less than 1.5), amphibole compositions are consistent with an active continental margin affinity. The average percentage of pistacite (P
s) in epidotes formed from alteration of plagioclase and ferromagnesian minerals is 27–23% and 25–30%, respectively. Thermobarometric studies based on amphibole and biotite indicate approximate dyke crystallization temperature of 850–750℃, pressure of 231–336 MPa and high fO2 (>nickel-nickel-oxide buffer). The range of mineral compositions in the postmineralization dyke suite is consistent with a genetic relationship with the subduction of the Neotethys oceanic crust beneath the continental crust of the northwest part of the Central Iranian Structural Zone. Despite the change from calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism, the dykes are likely related to the late stages of magmatic activity in the subduction system that also generated the porphyry deposit.
Ground state solutions for nonlinear fractional Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson systems
Authors: Wang Li , Han Tao , Cheng Kun , Wang Jixiu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we study the existence of ground state solutions for the following fractional Kirchhoff–Schrödinger–Poisson systems with general nonlinearities:

{

(

a
+
b

[
u
]

s
2

)

(

−
Δ

)

s

u
+
u
+
ϕ

(
x
)

u
=

(

|
x
|

−
μ

∗
F

(
u
)

)

f

(
u
)

in

ℝ
3

,

(

−
Δ

)

t

ϕ

(
x
)

=

u
2

in

ℝ
3

,

$$\left\{\begin{array}{ll}\left(a+b{\left[u\right]}_{s}^{2}\right)\,{\left(-{\Delta}\right)}^{s}u+u+\phi \left(x\right)u=\left({\vert x\vert }^{-\mu }\ast F\left(u\right)\right)f\left(u\right)\hfill & \mathrm{in}\text{\ }{\mathrm{&#x211d;}}^{3}\,\text{,}\hfill \\ {\left(-{\Delta}\right)}^{t}\phi \left(x\right)={u}^{2}\hfill & \mathrm{in}\text{\ }{\mathrm{&#x211d;}}^{3}\,\text{,}\hfill \end{array}\right.$$

where

[
u
]

s
2

=

∫

ℝ
3

|

(

−
Δ

)

s
2

u

|

2

d
x
=

∬

ℝ
3

×

ℝ
3

|

u

(
x
)

−
u

(
y
)

|

2

|

x
−
y

|

3
+
2
s

d
x
d
y

,

$${\left[u\right]}_{s}^{2}={\int }_{{\mathrm{&#x211d;}}^{3}}{\vert {\left(-{\Delta}\right)}^{\frac{s}{2}}u\vert }^{2}\,\mathrm{d}x={\iint }_{{\mathrm{&#x211d;}}^{3}{\times}{\mathrm{&#x211d;}}^{3}}\frac{{\vert u\left(x\right)-u\left(y\right)\vert }^{2}}{{\vert x-y\vert }^{3+2s}}\,\mathrm{d}x\mathrm{d}y\,\text{,}$$

s
,
t
∈

(

0
,
1

)

$s,t\in \left(0,1\right)$

with

2
t
+
4
s
>
3
,
0
<
μ
<
3
−
2
t
,

$2t+4s{ >}3,0{< }\mu {< }3-2t,$

f
:

ℝ
3

×
ℝ
→
ℝ

$f:{\mathrm{&#x211d;}}^{3}{\times}\mathrm{&#x211d;}\to \mathrm{&#x211d;}$

satisfies a Carathéodory condition and (−Δ)
s
is the fractional Laplace operator. There are two novelties of the present paper. First, the nonlocal term in the equation sets an obstacle that the bounded Cerami sequences could not converge. Second, the nonlinear term f does not satisfy the Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz growth condition and monotony assumption. Thus, the Nehari manifold method does not work anymore in our setting. In order to overcome these difficulties, we use the Pohozǎev type manifold to obtain the existence of ground state solution of Pohozǎev type for the above system.
Comparing Actions and Lessons Learned in Transportation and Logistics Efforts for Emergency Response to Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Harvey
Authors: Collier John , Balakrishnan Srijith , Zhang Zhanmin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Over the past years, the frequency and scope of disasters affecting the United States have significantly increased. Government agencies have made efforts in improving the nation’s disaster response framework to minimize fatalities and economic loss due to disasters. Disaster response has evolved with the emergency management agencies incorporating systematic changes in their organization and emergency response functions to accommodate lessons learned from past disaster events. Technological advancements in disaster response have also improved the agencies’ ability to prepare for and respond to natural hazards. The transportation and logistics sector has a primary role in emergency response during and after disasters. In this light, this paper seeks to identify how effective policy changes and new technology have aided the transportation and logistics sector in emergency response and identify gaps in current practices for further improvement. Specifically, this study compares and contrasts the transportation and logistical support to emergency relief efforts during and after two major Hurricane events in the U.S., namely Hurricane Katrina (which affected New Orleans in 2005) and Hurricane Harvey (which affected Houston in 2017). This comparison intends to outline the major steps taken by the government and the private entities in the transportation and logistics sector to facilitate emergency response and the issues faced during the process. Finally, the paper summarizes the lessons learned from both the Hurricane events and provides recommendations for further improvements in transportation and logistical support to disaster response.
Semiconductor quantum plasmons for high frequency thermal emission
Authors: Vasanelli Angela , Todorov Yanko , Dailly Baptiste , Cosme Sébastien , Gacemi Djamal , Haky Andrew , Sagnes Isabelle , Sirtori Carlo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPlasmons in heavily doped semiconductor layers are optically active excitations with sharp resonances in the 5–15 μm wavelength region set by the doping level and the effective mass. Here, we demonstrate that volume plasmons can form in doped layers of widths of hundreds of nanometers, without the need of potential barrier for electronic confinement. Their strong interaction with light makes them perfect absorbers and therefore suitable for incandescent emission. Moreover, by injecting microwave current in the doped layer, we can modulate the temperature of the electron gas. We have fabricated devices for high frequency thermal emission and measured incandescent emission up to 50 MHz, limited by the cutoff of our detector. The frequency-dependent thermal emission is very well reproduced by our theoretical model that let us envision a frequency cutoff in the tens of GHz.
Response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution of water bodies
Authors: Shevchenko Tatyana , Klochenko Peter , Nezbrytska Inna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Phytoplankton structure was studied in five ponds (located in the Oleksandriya Nature Park, Ukraine), which significantly differed in the level of their contamination. The concentration of ammonium (NH4
+-N) in the studied water bodies was 0.02–74.00 mg l−1, of nitrite (NO2
−-N) – 0.002–1.750 mg l−1, nitrate (NO3
−-N) – 0.13–58.00 mg l−1, inorganic compounds of phosphorus (Pinorg) – 0.041–0.160 mg l−1, chloride (Cl−) – 35.4–560.5 mg l−1, whereas the content of organic matter (PO and DO) – 4.4–10.4 and 18.0–81.0 mg O l−1, respectively. It has been found that the response of phytoplankton to heavy pollution consisted in changes in its species richness, taxonomic structure, species composition, quantitative indices, numbers and biomass structure, dimensional structure, pigment index, dominant complex, as well as changes in its ecological spectrum. Individual divisions of algae differed in their response to heavy pollution of water bodies, which was conditioned by the specificity of algae metabolism. Bacillariophyta and Cyanoprokaryota proved to be more sensitive to contamination, whereas Chlorophyta and Euglenophyta – more tolerant. The obtained data can be used to monitor the status of water bodies and their biota and to determine the type and intensity of contamination.
Entwicklung einer Cantileverkalibriereinrichtung
Authors: Dannberg Oliver , Kühnel Michael , Fröhlich Thomas 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Das Messen kleiner Kräfte ist in vielen wissenschaftlichen Bereichen, wie beispielsweise der Physik oder Biologie, erforderlich. Bei Kräften im Bereich von Nanonewton werden typischerweise AFM-Cantilever als Kraftsensoren genutzt. Die Steifigkeit des Cantilevers muss bekannt sein um von der Durchbiegung auf die Kraft zu schließen. Aufgrund von Fertigungsabweichungen kommt es zu einer großen Streuung der Cantileversteifigkeit. Für eine präzise Kraftmessung muss daher jeder einzelne Cantilever kalibriert werden. Das derzeit genauste Kalibrierverfahren basiert darauf die Kraft-Weg-Kennlinie des Cantilevers statisch zu messen und ihren Anstieg zu bestimmen. In diesem Artikel wird ein neuartiger Prüfstand beschrieben welcher nach diesem Prinzip arbeitet. Ein Interferometer misst die Position und eine neuartige, eingelenkige Wägezelle die Kraft des Cantilevers. Die Wägezelle wurde in zwei unabhängigen Experimenten mit übereinstimmendem Ergebnis kalibriert. Abschließend werden die Messergebnisse einer Cantileverkalibrierung präsentiert.
FİRMA RİSKİ VE YÖNETİŞİM KALİTESİNİN HİSSE SENEDİ VOLATİLİTESİNE ETKİSİ: PARKİNSON VOLATİLİTE MODELİ İLE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: LEVENT Cüneyd Ebrar 
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı firma riski ve yönetişim kalitesinin hisse senedi volatilitesine etkisini analiz etmektir. Bu etki, kurulan iki ayrı ekonometrik modelle incelenmiş, yöntem olarak panel veri analizi yöntemi seçilmiştir. Araştırma, 2008-2017 yılları arasında Borsa İstanbul’da sürekli olarak işlem gören ve finans sektörü dışındaki 64 şirketi kapsamaktadır. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni olan hisse senedi volatilitesi, varlık fiyatlarının Brownian hareketini izlediğini varsayan ve Parkinson (1980) tarafından önerilen volatilite modeline göre saptanmıştır. Araştırmanın ilk bağımsız değişkeni firma borç riskidir. Diğer bağımsız değişken olan yönetişim kalitesi ise iki farklı yöntemle belirlenerek ayrı modellerde yer almıştır. Modellere literatür ile uyumlu olarak çeşitli kontrol değişkenleri ilave edilmiştir. Panel veri analizi bulguları, firma riskinin artmasının volatiliteyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde arttırdığını göstermektedir. Bu araştırmada ayrıca firmaların yönetişim kalitesinin, hisse senetlerinin volatilitesini negatif yönde etkilediği de saptanmıştır. Buradan düşük borç riskine sahip, riski iyi yönetebilen ve kurumsal yönetimi iş süreçlerine dahil eden firmaların hisse senetlerinin, finansal piyasalardaki dalgalanmalardan daha az etkilendikleri sonucuna ulaşılmaktadır.
Identification of Genes Involved in the Differentiation of R7y and R7p Photoreceptor Cells inDrosophila
Authors: Earl James B , Vanderlinden Lauren A , Jacobsen Thomas L , Aldrich John C , Saba Laura M , Britt Steven G 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe R7 and R8 photoreceptor cells of the Drosophila compound eye mediate color vision. Throughout the majority of the eye, these cells occur in two principal types of ommatidia. Approximately 35% of ommatidia are of the pale type and express Rh3 in R7 cells and Rh5 in R8 cells. The remaining 65% are of the yellow type and express Rh4 in R7 cells and Rh6 in R8 cells. The specification of an R8 cell in a pale or yellow ommatidium depends on the fate of the adjacent R7 cell. However, pale and yellow R7 cells are specified by a stochastic process that requires the genes spineless, tango and klumpfuss. To identify additional genes involved in this process we performed genetic screens using a collection of 480 P{EP} transposon insertion strains. We identified genes in gain of function and loss of function screens that significantly altered the percentage of Rh3 expressing R7 cells (Rh3%) from wild-type. 36 strains resulted in altered Rh3% in the gain of function screen where the P{EP} insertion strains were crossed to a sevEP-GAL4 driver line. 53 strains resulted in altered Rh3% in the heterozygous loss of function screen. 4 strains showed effects that differed between the two screens, suggesting that the effect found in the gain of function screen was either larger than, or potentially masked by, the P{EP} insertion alone. Analyses of homozygotes validated many of the candidates identified. These results suggest that R7 cell fate specification is sensitive to perturbations in mRNA transcription, splicing and localization, growth inhibition, post-translational protein modification, cleavage and secretion, hedgehog signaling, ubiquitin protease activity, GTPase activation, actin and cytoskeletal regulation, and Ser/Thr kinase activity, among other diverse signaling and cell biological processes.
Justicia social para una vivencia afectiva y sexual en Costa Rica
Authors: Fallas Vargas Manuel Arturo , García Martínez José Antonio , Torres Victoria Nancy , Romero Hernández Adriana 
Published: September 2020

In this article, the authors meditate on social justice, sexuality and the link between this these two concepts towards a more inclusive and respectful society. Our approach responds to an educational model centered in the respect of the different types of sexual biographies, starting from the principle that the lack of social justice implies a decrease in the emotional and sexual experience of people. This paper is based on a review and consideration around Costa Rican theory and reality as seen in the current media. There is also a suggestion of a series of good practices and some conclusions for the strengthening of social justice and ergo an emotional and sexual well-being of people.
El desarrollo de habilidades académicas y emocionales adquiridas por el estudiantado con discapacidad durante el proceso de formación universitaria
Authors: Rodríguez Araya Roxana 
Published: September 2020

This essay refers to the social and academic abilities developed by the students with disabilities during their university years. Reflecting on the subject is part of the experience gained while working on an educational in-service program for this group of students at the Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica; at the same time, this essay aims to talk about the barriers these students encounter while at the university and the political and structural changes the university needs to do to make effective the social and educational participation of these students.
La escucha: el valor de la palabra hablada
Authors: Márquez-Fernández Álvaro B. 
Published: September 2020

The word wanders through infinite language communicative discourses.The word is never unique, absolute, or abstract, even when its silence seems absent. It is always a source that brings meaning to life. Any word means openness and expressive action. It is its way of talking because it becomes writing and a dialoguing verb (any sign, icon, graph, or shape) in order to create that visual and audible body that becomes meaningful to itself and to other receptors -its audio-listeners, video-listeners, radio-listeners, TV-listeners... phono-listeners-. lt is in this process of listening to a word or words where the reality of being becomes real. Leaming how to listen is leaming how to live from and with the word or words which are the ones that talk with all the reason senses.