bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positively selected variants in functionally important regions ofTLR7inAlouatta guariba clamitanswith yellow fever virus exposure in Northern Argentina
Authors: Torosin Nicole S. , Webster Timothy H. , Argibay Hernán , Sanchez Fernandez Candelaria , Ferreyra Hebe , Uhart Marcela , Agostini Ilaria , Knapp Leslie A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn 2007–2009, a major yellow fever virus (YFV) outbreak in Northern Argentina decimated the local howler monkey (Alouatta) population.AimsTo evaluate whether the surviving howler monkeys possess advantageous genetic variants inherited from monkeys alive prior to the YFV outbreak, we explored the relationship between Toll‐like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR8 gene variation and YFV susceptibility.MethodsWe used samples from Alouatta individuals in Misiones, Argentina alive before the YFV outbreak, individuals that died during the outbreak, and individuals that survived the outbreak and are alive today. We measured genetic divergence between Alouatta YFV exposure groups and evaluated Alouatta‐specific substitutions for functional consequences.ResultsWe did not find different allele frequencies in the post‐YFV exposure Alouatta group compared to the pre‐exposure group. We identified three nonsynonymous variants in TLR7 in Alouatta guariba clamitans. Two of these substitutions are under positive selection in functionally important regions of the gene.Discussion and ConclusionsOur results did not indicate that surviving howler monkey spossess advantageous genetic variants at greater frequency than those alive before the YFV outbreak. However, the positively selected unique coding differences in A. guariba clamitans are in the region important in pathogen detection which may affect YFV resistance. Morework is necessary to fully explore this hypothesis
NMDAR Antibodies Alter Dopamine Receptors and Cause Psychotic Behavior in Mice
Authors: Carceles‐Cordon Marc , Mannara Francesco , Aguilar Esther , Castellanos Aida , Planagumà Jesús , Dalmau Josep 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe aim was to demonstrate that antibodies from patients with anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis alter the levels of dopamine 1 receptor (D1R) and dopamine 2 receptor (D2R) and cause psychotic‐like features in mice.MethodsCultured rat hippocampal neurons were treated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with anti‐NMDAR encephalitis or controls, and the effects on clusters of D1R and D2R were quantified. In vivo studies included 71 C57BL/6J mice that were chronically infused with CSF from patients or controls through ventricular catheters connected to subcutaneous osmotic pumps. Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startling reflex (PPI; a marker of psychotic‐like behavior), memory, locomotor activity, and the density of cell‐surface and synaptic D1R, D2R, and NMDAR clusters were examined at different time points using reported techniques.ResultsIn cultured neurons, CSF from patients, but not from controls, caused a significant decrease of cell‐surface D1R and an increase of D2R clusters. In mice, CSF from patients caused a significant decrease of synaptic and total cell‐surface D1R clusters and an increase of D2R clusters associated with a decrease of PPI. These effects were accompanied by memory impairment and a reduction of surface NMDARs, as reported in this model. The psychotic‐like features, memory impairment, and changes in levels of D1R, D2R, and NMDAR progressively improved several days after the infusion of CSF from patients stopped.InterpretationIn addition to memory deficits and reduction of NMDARs, CSF antibodies from patients with anti‐NMDAR encephalitis cause reversible psychotic‐like features accompanied by changes (D1R decrease, D2R increase) in cell‐surface dopamine receptor clusters. ANN NEUROL 2020 ANN NEUROL 2020;88:603–613
Anti‐migraine Calcitonin Gene–Related Peptide Receptor Antagonists Worsen Cerebral Ischemic Outcome in Mice
Authors: Mulder Inge A. , Li Mei , de Vries Tessa , Qin Tao , Yanagisawa Takeshi , Sugimoto Kazutaka , van den Bogaerdt Antoon , Danser A. H. Jan , Wermer Marieke J. H. , van den Maagdenberg Arn M. J. M. , MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , Ferrari Michel D. , Ayata Cenk 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveCalcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) pathway inhibitors are emerging treatments for migraine. CGRP‐mediated vasodilation is, however, a critical rescue mechanism in ischemia. We, therefore, investigated whether gepants, small molecule CGRP receptor antagonists, worsen cerebral ischemia.MethodsMiddle cerebral artery was occluded for 12 to 60 minutes in mice. We compared infarct risk and volumes, collateral flow, and neurological deficits after pretreatment with olcegepant (single or 10 daily doses of 0.1–1mg/kg) or rimegepant (single doses of 10–100mg/kg) versus vehicle. We also determined their potency on CGRP‐induced relaxations in mouse and human vessels, in vitro.ResultsOlcegepant (1mg/kg, single dose) increased infarct risk after 12‐ to 20‐minute occlusions mimicking transient ischemic attacks (14/19 vs 6/18 with vehicle, relative risk = 2.21, p < 0.022), and doubled infarct volumes (p < 0.001) and worsened neurological deficits (median score = 9 vs 5 with vehicle, p = 0.008) after 60‐minute occlusion. Ten daily doses of 0.1 to 1mg/kg olcegepant yielded similar results. Rimegepant 10mg/kg increased infarct volumes by 60% after 20‐minute ischemia (p = 0.03); 100mg/kg caused 75% mortality after 60‐minute occlusion. In familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 mice, olcegepant 1mg/kg increased infarct size after 30‐minute occlusion (1.6‐fold, p = 0.017). Both gepants consistently diminished collateral flow and reduced reperfusion success. Olcegepant was 10‐fold more potent than rimegepant on CGRP‐induced relaxations in mouse aorta.InterpretationGepants worsened ischemic stroke in mice via collateral dysfunction. CGRP pathway blockers might thus aggravate coincidental cerebral ischemic events. The cerebrovascular safety of these agents must therefore be better delineated, especially in patients at increased risk of ischemic events or on prophylactic CGRP inhibition. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:771–784
Crosslinking of a Single Poly(ionic liquid) by Water into Porous Supramolecular Membranes
Authors: Shao Yue , Wang Yong‐Lei , Li Xiangshuai , Kheirabad Atefeh Khorsand , Zhao Qiang , Yuan Jiayin , Wang Hong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReversible regulation of membrane microstructures via non‐covalent interactions is of considerable interest yet remains a challenge. Herein, we discover a general one‐step approach to fabricate supramolecular porous polyelectrolyte membranes (SPPMs) from a single poly(ionic liquid) (PIL). The experimental results and theoretical simulation suggested that SPPMs were formed by a hydrogen‐bond‐induced phase separation of a PIL between its polar and apolar domains, which were linked together by water molecules. This unique feature was capable of modulating microscopic porous architectures and thus the global mechanical property of SPPMs by a rational design of the molecular structure of PILs. Such SPPMs could switch porosity upon thermal stimuli, as exemplified by dynamically adaptive transparency to thermal fluctuation. This finding provides fascinating opportunities for creating multifunctional SPPMs.
Photoinduced Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Decarboxylative Alkynylation with Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Xia Hai‐Dong , Li Zhong‐Liang , Gu Qiang‐Shuai , Dong Xiao‐Yang , Fang Jia‐Heng , Du Xuan‐Yi , Wang Li‐Lei , Liu Xin‐Yuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe describe a photoinduced copper‐catalyzed asymmetric radical decarboxylative alkynylation of bench‐stable N‐hydroxyphthalimide(NHP)‐type esters of racemic alkyl carboxylic acids with terminal alkynes, which provides a flexible platform for the construction of chiral C(sp3)−C(sp) bonds. Critical to the success of this process are not only the use of the copper catalyst as a dual photo‐ and cross‐coupling catalyst but also tuning of the NHP‐type esters to inhibit the facile homodimerization of the alkyl radical and terminal alkyne, respectively. Owing to the use of stable and easily available NHP‐type esters, the reaction features a broader substrate scope compared with reactions using the alkyl halide counterparts, covering (hetero)benzyl‐, allyl‐, and aminocarbonyl‐substituted carboxylic acid derivatives, and (hetero)aryl and alkyl as well as silyl alkynes, thus providing a vital complementary approach to the previously reported method.
Non‐Diazo C−H Insertion Approach to Cyclobutanones through Oxidative Gold Catalysis
Authors: Zheng Zhitong , Wang Youliang , Ma Xu , Li Yuxue , Zhang Liming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCyclobutanones are synthetically versatile compounds that often require extensive effort to access. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of cyclobutanones based on the C(sp3)−H insertion chemistry of oxidatively generated gold carbenes. Various cyclobutanones were obtained in synthetically useful yields from substrates with minimal structural prefunctionalization. This discovery reveals new synthetic utilities of gold‐catalyzed oxidative transformations of alkynones.
Stimuli‐Responsive Cycloaurated “OFF‐ON” Switchable Anion Transporters
Authors: Fares Mohamed , Wu Xin , Ramesh Deepthi , Lewis William , Keller Paul A. , Howe Ethan N. W. , Pérez‐Tomás Ricardo , Gale Philip A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnion transporters have shown potential application as anti‐cancer agents that function by disrupting homeostasis and triggering cell death. In this research article we report switchable anion transport by gold complexes of anion transporters that are “switched on” in situ in the presence of the reducing agent GSH by decomplexation of gold. GSH is found in higher concentrations in tumors than in healthy tissue and hence this approach offers a strategy to target these systems to tumors.
Beeinflussbarkeit einer Staubentwicklung bei der maschinellen Rückholung tiefengelagerter Abfallgebinde
Authors: Gabor Nadine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDie weltweite Tiefenlagerung von radioaktiven Abfällen in der Tiefe war in der Vergangenheit nicht auf eine Rückholbarkeit der Abfälle ausgelegt, sondern auf eine Endlagerung dieser. Entsprechend wurden die nach der Einlagerung verbleibenden Hohlräume tw. mit Versatzmaterial verfüllt, welches u. a. der Stabilisierung des Grubengebäudes dient. Sollen die Abfälle trotzdem wieder rückgeholt werden – oder rückgeholt werden müssen – stellt ebendieses Versatzmaterial ein beachtenswertes Problem dar. Vorversuche am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) konnten bereits aufdecken, dass die Staubentwicklung bei der Bearbeitung des Versatzmaterials Salzbeton die Arbeiten nicht nur im Hinblick auf die Fernhantierbarkeit behindert. Auch besteht im evtl. kontaminierten Bereich unter Tage die Gefahr einer Kontaminationsverschleppung, sollte dieser Staub nicht direkt am Entstehungsort aufgefangen werden. Vor dem Hintergrund einer notwendigen Rückholung von Abfallgebinden aus einem Tiefenlager wurden kleinmaßstäbliche Versuche an nachgebildeten Versatzmaterialien durchgeführt, um Erkenntnisse über die Beeinflussbarkeit der Staubentwicklung bei der Bearbeitung von Salzbeton gewinnen zu können.
Circular RNA DOCK1 downregulates microRNA‐124 to induce the growth of human thyroid cancer cell lines
Authors: Cui Wei , Xue Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundBoth circular RNA DOCK1 (circDOCK1) and microRNA‐124 (miR‐124) are implicated in carcinogenesis, but functional association between these two molecules remains uncharacterized. Here, we aimed to ascertain the role of circDOCK1‐miR‐124 node in thyroid cancer cells.MethodscircDOCK1 in thyroid cancer specimens from 25 patients was quantified by qRT‐PCR. FTC‐133 and TPC‐1 cells were enforced to overproduce circDOCK1 and miR‐124 which were confirmed by qRT‐PCR. The alteration in viability, migration and invasion was monitored. Cellular lysis was subjected to Western blot for detecting cyclin D1, p53, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP‐9), and vimentin. The phosphorylation of JAK1, STAT3, and AMPK was determined by Western blot.ResultsResults from qRT‐PCR showed circDOCK1 was enriched in thyroid carcinoma tissues. circDOCK1 fortified the viability of FTC‐133 and TPC‐1 cells, as well as their activities to migrate and invade. circDOCK1 increased cyclin D1 and decreased p53, and meanwhile induced the accumulation of MMP‐9 and vimentin. miR‐124 conferred a reverse effect on the abovementioned alteration. Besides, miR‐124 blockaded the phosphorylation of JAK1, STAT3, and AMPK which was induced by circDOCK1.ConclusioncircDOCK1 contributed to thyroid carcinogenesis through inhibition of miR‐124 in thyroid cancer cells with dampening signaling transduction of JAK/STAT/AMPK in virtue of miR‐124 downregulation.
Neuro‐Sjögren: Uncommon or underestimated problem?
Authors: Jaskólska Marta , Chylińska Magdalena , Masiak Anna , Siemiński Mariusz , Ziętkiewicz Marcin , Czuszyńska Zenobia , Smoleńska Żaneta , Zdrojewski Zbigniew 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesSjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune background with possible complications from peripheral (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS). The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and to describe the phenotype of peripheral neuropathies in patients with SS.Materials & MethodsWe studied fifty patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome for peripheral nervous system involvement. All patients underwent neurological and rheumatological examination followed by nerve conduction studies (NCS) of nine peripheral nerves.ResultsThirty‐six patients (72%) fulfilled the criteria for the diagnosis of neuropathy. Carpal tunnel syndrome (54%) and axonal sensorimotor neuropathy (22%) were the most common. Neurological symptoms preceded the diagnosis of SS in eight patients.ConclusionsPeripheral neuropathies are frequent in SS patients. Neurologists should be aware of possible autoimmune causes of neuropathies because clinical manifestations of neuropathy may precede the development of other symptoms of the autoimmune disease.
Prostate cancer cells modulate the differentiation of THP‐1 cells in response to etoposide and TLR agonists treatments
Authors: Malekghasemi Somaiyeh , Majidi Jafar , Baradaran Behzad , Aghebati‐Maleki Leili 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the polarization of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment, as well as the effect of soluble factors secreted from these polarized macrophages on etoposide‐induced cancer cell apoptosis. We investigated the effect of soluble factors secreted from the supernatant of PC3 cells treated with TLR4 and TLR8 agonists, and etoposide on macrophage polarization at the protein level through flow cytometry and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. We further explored the cell cycle distribution and phagocytic activity of THP‐1 cells by flow cytometry. To imitate the relationship between cancer cells and tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), we cocultured macrophages with etoposide‐treated PC3 cells. After the incubation, the apoptosis in cancer cells was assessed through FACS analysis and by annexin V and PI staining. Our results demonstrate that protein expression of M1 and M2 markers confirmed the upregulation of M1 markers upon etoposide treatment, and mixed M1/M2 phenotype upon treatment with TLR agonists‐treated PC3 supernatant. In coculture methods, our results demonstrate that the apoptosis of etoposide‐treated cancer cells increases in the presence of M0 macrophages and THP‐1 cells incubated with the supernatant of TLR4 agonists‐treated PC3 cells. These results indicate clear protective effects of M0 macrophages and THP‐1 cells incubated with the supernatant of PC3 cells treated with TLR4 agonists (THP‐1 + SUP +  TLR4a) on etoposide‐induced cancer cell apoptosis.
Antineoplastic drug‐loaded polymer‐modified magnetite nanoparticles: Comparative analysis of EPR‐mediated drug delivery
Authors: Javid Amaneh , Ghani Madiha Javeed , Shahzad Sughra , Rezaei‐Zarchi Saeed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to design and evaluate enhanced permeation and retention (EPR)‐mediated anticancer effect of polymer‐modified and drug‐loaded magnetite nanocomposites. The preformulated bare (10 nm), chitosan‐superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO; 69 nm), heparin‐SPIO (42 nm), and (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane‐polyethylene glycol‐SPIO (17 nm) nanocomposites were utilized to evaluate the EPR‐mediated localized cancer targeting and retention of doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTX) in human ovarian cancer cell lines, A2780 and OVCAR‐3 in vitro and in the tumor‐baring Balb/c mice in vivo. Fluorescence microscopy showed that DOX‐ and PTX‐loaded SPIO nanoparticles caused long‐term accumulation and cytoplasmic retention in A2780 and OVCAR‐3 cells, as compared to free drugs in vitro. In vivo antiproliferative effect of present formulations on immunodeficient female Balb/c mice showed a tremendous amount of ovarian tumor shrinkage within 6 weeks. The present nanocomposite systems of targeted drug delivery proved to be efficient drug carrier with sustained drug release and long‐term retention with enhanced cytotoxic properties in vitro and in vivo.
Microbial Fuel Cell Membrane Bioreactor in Wastewater Treatment, Electricity Generation and Fouling Mitigation
Authors: Ibrahim Rabialtu Sulihah Binti , Zainon Noor Zainura , Baharuddin Nurul Huda , Ahmad Mutamim Noor Sabrina , Yuniarto Adhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMembrane bioreactors (MBR) have gained much attention due to their ability to achieve higher treatment efficiency. However, high external energy consumption in aeration for membrane fouling mitigation has been limiting their application. Microbial fuel cells (MFC) can ideally extract energy from wastewater in the form of electricity and reduce membrane fouling. Thus, the use of MFC‐MBR is rapidly expanding. However, the MFC‐MBR design and operation is not fully mature and further research is needed to optimize the process efficiency and enhance the applicability. This review gives an overview of recent studies on the performances of MFC‐MBR systems, regarding the design and configuration of the integrated system, irrespective of whether optimization was done or not in the operating system.
Challenges and Opportunities of Modeling Biomass Gasification in Aspen Plus: A Review
Authors: Mutlu Özge Çepelioğullar , Zeng Thomas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAspen Plus has become one of the most common process simulation tools for both academia and industrial applications. In the last decade, the number of the papers on Aspen Plus modeling of biomass gasification has significantly increased. This review focuses on recent developments and studies on modeling biomass gasification in Aspen Plus including key aspects such as tar formation and model validation. Accordingly, challenges in modeling due to specific assumptions and limitations will be highlighted to provide a useful basis for researchers and end‐users for further process modeling of biomass gasification in Aspen Plus.
Synthesis, Structure, Reactivity and Catalytic Implications of a Cationic, Acetylide‐Bridged Trigold–JohnPhos Species
Authors: Grirrane Abdessamad , Álvarez Eleuterio , García Hermenegildo , Corma Avelino 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe cationic complex [(JohnPhos–Au)3(acetylide)][SbF6] (JohnPhos=(2‐biphenyl)di‐tert‐butylphosphine, L1) has been characterised structurally and features an acetylide–trigold(I)–JohnPhos system; the trinuclear–acetylide unit, coordinated to the monodentate bulk phosphines, adopts an unprecedented μ,η1,η2,η1 coordination mode with an additional interaction between distal phenyl rings and gold centres. Other cationic σ,π‐[(gold(I)L1)2] complexes have also been isolated. The reaction of trimethylsilylacetylene with various alcohols (iPrOH, nBuOH, n‐HexOH) catalysed by cationic [AuIL1][SbF6] complexes in CH2Cl2 at 50 °C led to the formation of acetaldehyde acetals with a high degree of chemo‐ and regioselectivity. The reaction mechanism was studied, and several organic and inorganic intermediates have been characterised. A comparative study with the analogous cationic [CuIL1][PF6] complex revealed different behaviour; the copper metal is lost from the coordination sphere leading to the formation of cationic vinylphosphonium and copper nanoparticles. Additionally, a new catalytic approach for the formation of this high‐value cationic vinylphosphonium has been established.
Characterization of Locally Excited and Charge‐Transfer States of the Anticancer Drug Lapatinib by Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Computational Studies
Authors: Vayá Ignacio , Andreu Inmaculada , Lence Emilio , González‐Bello Concepción , Consuelo Cuquerella M. , Navarrete‐Miguel Miriam , Roca‐Sanjuán Daniel , Miranda Miguel A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLapatinib (LAP) is an anticancer drug, which is metabolized to the N‐ and O‐dealkylated products (N‐LAP and O‐LAP, respectively). In view of the photosensitizing potential of related drugs, a complete experimental and theoretical study has been performed on LAP, N‐LAP and O‐LAP, both in solution and upon complexation with human serum albumin (HSA). In organic solvents, coplanar locally excited (LE) emissive states are generated; they rapidly evolve towards twisted intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT) states. By contrast, within HSA only LE states are detected. Accordingly, femtosecond transient absorption reveals a very fast switching (ca. 2 ps) from LE (λmax=550 nm) to ICT states (λmax=480 nm) in solution, whereas within HSA the LE species become stabilized and live much longer (up to the ns scale). Interestingly, molecular dynamics simulation studies confirm that the coplanar orientation is preferred for LAP (or to a lesser extent N‐LAP) within HSA, explaining the experimental results.
Discrete π Stack of a Tweezer‐Shaped Naphthalenediimide–Anthracene Conjugate
Authors: Keshri Sudhir Kumar , Nakanishi Waka , Takai Atsuro , Ishizuka Tomoya , Kojima Takahiko , Takeuchi Masayuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe design and synthesis of a tweezer‐shaped naphthalenediimide (NDI)–anthracene conjugate (2NDI) are reported. In the structure of the closed form (πNDI⋅⋅⋅πNDI stack) of 2NDI, which was elucidated by single‐crystal XRD, the existence of C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonding involving the nearest carbonyl oxygen atom of an NDI unit was suggested. The tunability of πNDI⋅⋅⋅πNDI interactions was studied by means of UV/Vis absorption, fluorescence and NMR spectroscopy and molecular modelling. This revealed that the πNDI⋅⋅⋅πNDI interactions in 2NDI affect the absorption and emission properties depending on the temperature. Furthermore, in polar solvents, 2NDI prefers the stronger πNDI⋅⋅⋅πNDI stack, whereas the πNDI⋅⋅⋅πNDI interaction is diminished in nonpolar solvents. Importantly, the conformational variations of 2NDI can be reversibly switched by variation in temperature, and this suggests potential application for fluorogenic molecular switches upon temperature changes.
Aqueous Precursor Induced Morphological Change and Improved Water Stability of CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals
Authors: Shankar Hari , Bansal Parul , Yu William W. , Kar Prasenjit 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the literature, lead halide perovskites are very notable for their degradation in the presence of polar solvents, such as water. In contrast, in this research, it is observed that adding a minor amount of water into the precursor solution can improve the stability and photoluminescence quantum yield of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals through a ligand‐assisted reprecipitation (LARP) method. In this way, the shape and phase transformation from CsPbBr3 nanoplates to CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanorods and Cs4PbBr6 nanowires can be controlled with increasing water content in the precursor solution. Upon adding water up to an ideal amount, CsPbBr3 maintains its phase and nanoplate morphology. The key role of water amount for tuning the crystallinity, stability, morphology, optical properties, and phase transformation of cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals will be beneficial in the future commercialization of optoelectronics.