bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Journey from Two-Step to Multi-Step Phosphorelay Signaling Systems
Authors: Singh Deepti , Gupta Priyanka , Singla-Pareek Sneh Lata , Siddique Kadambot H.M. , Pareek Ashwani 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The two-component signaling (TCS) system is an important signal transduction
machinery in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, excluding animals, that uses a protein phosphorylation
mechanism for signal transmission.

Conclusion:
Prokaryotes have a primitive type of TCS machinery, which mainly comprises a membrane-
bound sensory histidine kinase (HK) and its cognate cytoplasmic response regulator (RR).
Hence, it is sometimes referred to as two-step phosphorelay (TSP). Eukaryotes have more sophisticated
signaling machinery, with an extra component - a histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPT)
protein that shuttles between HK and RR to communicate signal baggage. As a result, the TSP
has evolved from a two-step phosphorelay (His–Asp) in simple prokaryotes to a multi-step phosphorelay
(MSP) cascade (His–Asp–His–Asp) in complex eukaryotic organisms, such as plants, to
mediate the signaling network. This molecular evolution is also reflected in the form of considerable
structural modifications in the domain architecture of the individual components of the TCS
system. In this review, we present TCS system's evolutionary journey from the primitive TSP to advanced
MSP type across the genera. This information will be highly useful in designing the future
strategies of crop improvement based on the individual members of the TCS machinery.
Promoting Physical Activity in Japanese Older Adults Using a Social Pervasive Game: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Santos Luciano Henrique De Oliveira , Okamoto Kazuya , Otsuki Ryo , Hiragi Shusuke , Yamamoto Goshiro , Sugiyama Osamu , Aoyama Tomoki , Kuroda Tomohiro 
Published: January 2021

Background
Pervasive games aim to create more fun and engaging experiences by mixing elements from the real world into the game world. Because they intermingle with players’ lives and naturally promote more casual gameplay, they could be a powerful strategy to stimulate physical activity among older adults. However, to use these games more effectively, it is necessary to understand how design elements of the game affect player behavior.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate how the presence of a specific design element, namely social interaction, would affect levels of physical activity.

Methods
Participants were recruited offline and randomly assigned to control and intervention groups in a single-blind design. Over 4 weeks, two variations of the same pervasive game were compared: with social interaction (intervention group) and with no social interaction (control group). In both versions, players had to walk to physical locations and collect virtual cards, but the social interaction version allowed people to collaborate to obtain more cards. Changes in the weekly step counts were used to evaluate the effect on each group, and the number of places visited was used as an indicator of play activity.

Results
A total of 20 participants were recruited (no social interaction group, n=10; social interaction group, n=10); 18 participants remained active until the end of the study (no social interaction group, n=9; social interaction group, n=9). Step counts during the first week were used as the baseline level of physical activity (no social interaction group: mean 46,697.2, SE 7905.4; social interaction group: mean 45,967.3, SE 8260.7). For the subsequent weeks, changes to individual baseline values (absolute/proportional) for the no social interaction group were as follows: 1583.3 (SE 3108.3)/4.6% (SE 7.2%) (week 2), 591.5 (SE 2414.5)/2.4% (SE 4.7%) (week 3), and −1041.8 (SE 1992.7)/0.6% (SE 4.4%) (week 4). For the social interaction group, changes to individual baseline values were as follows: 11520.0 (SE 3941.5)/28.0% (SE 8.7%) (week 2), 9567.3 (SE 2631.5)/23.0% (SE 5.1%) (week 3), and 7648.7 (SE 3900.9)/13.9% (SE 8.0%) (week 4). The result of the analysis of the group effect was significant (absolute change: η2=0.31, P=.04; proportional change: η2=0.30, P=.03). Correlations between both absolute and proportional change and the play activity were significant (absolute change: r=0.59, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.77; proportional change: r=0.39, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.64).

Conclusions
The presence of social interaction design elements in pervasive games appears to have a positive effect on levels of physical activity.

Trial Registration
Japan Medical Association Clinical Trial Registration Number JMA-IIA00314; https://tinyurl.com/y5nh6ylr (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/761a6MVAy)
App-Based Salt Reduction Intervention in School Children and Their Families (AppSalt) in China: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Process Evaluation
Authors: Sun Yuewen , Luo Rong , Li Yuan , He Feng J , Tan Monique , MacGregor Graham A , Liu Hueiming , Zhang Puhong 
Published: January 2021

Background
The app-based salt reduction intervention program in school children and their families (AppSalt) is a multicomponent mobile health (mHealth) intervention program, which involves multiple stakeholders, including students, parents, teachers, school heads, and local health and education authorities. The complexity of the AppSalt program highlights the need for process evaluation to investigate how the implementation will be achieved at different sites.

Objective
This paper presents a process evaluation protocol of the AppSalt program, which aims to monitor the implementation of the program, explain its causal mechanisms, and provide evidence for scaling up the program nationwide.

Methods
A mixed methods approach will be used to collect data relating to five process evaluation dimensions: fidelity, dose delivered, dose received, reach, and context. Quantitative data, including app use logs, activity logs, and routine monitoring data, will be collected alongside the intervention process to evaluate the quantity and quality of intervention activities. The quantitative data will be summarized as medians, means, and proportions as appropriate. Qualitative data will be collected through semistructured interviews of purposely selected intervention participants and key stakeholders from local health and education authorities. The thematic analysis technique will be used for analyzing the qualitative data with the support of NVivo 12. The qualitative data will be triangulated with the quantitative data during the interpretation phase to explain the 5 process evaluation dimensions.

Results
The intervention activities of the AppSalt program were initiated at 27 primary schools in three cities since October 2018. We have completed the 1-year intervention of this program. The quantitative data for this study, including app use log, activity logs, and the routine monitoring data, were collected and organized during the intervention process. After completing the intervention, we conducted semistructured interviews with 32 students, 32 parents, 9 teachers, 9 school heads, and 8 stakeholders from local health and education departments. Data analysis is currently underway.

Conclusions
Using mHealth technology for salt reduction among primary school students is an innovation in China. The findings of this study will help researchers understand the implementation of the AppSalt program and similar mHealth interventions in real-world settings. Furthermore, this process evaluation will be informative for other researchers and policy makers interested in replicating the AppSalt program and designing their salt reduction intervention.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/19430
A DESIGUALDADE SOCIAL E O PERFIL DE SAÚDE DOS IDOSOS ATENDIDOS POR UM SERVIÇO DE ASSISTÊNCIA DOMICILAR DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Yonekura Tatiana , Silva Cintia Aparecida , Godoi Gislaine Aparecida 
Published: January 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde de idosos atendidos em um Serviço de Assistência Domiciliar (SAD). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa. A população de estudo (N=157) foi constituída por idosos usuários residentes no município de São Paulo, cadastrados em um SAD. Selecionou-se um conjunto de variáveis através de um formulário padronizado, relacionado a características demográficas, socioeconômicas, domiciliares e condições de saúde. Os usuários foram classificados em quatro grupos sociais (1, 2, 3 e 4) de acordo com o Índice de Desigualdade Social. Os resultados demostraram que a maioria dos usuários era do sexo feminino, com mais de 71 anos, com menos de sete anos de estudo, da cor branca e morava com três ou quatro membros da família. Em relação ao grupo social, notou-se que o grupo 4 (pior condição social) possuía a maioria dos usuários atendidos. O problema de saúde mais freqüente no grupo 1 (melhor condição social) foi a hipertensão arterial sistêmica, enquanto que o acidente vascular cerebral foi mais freqüente no grupo 4. Os resultados permitem conhecer as importantes diferenças sociais e de saúde dos usuários atendidos em um Serviço de Assistência Domiciliar, o que contribui para melhorar a qualidade da assistência prestada pelos trabalhadores e atender as necessidades de saúde identificadas. As desigualdades sociais presente no território devem ser consideradas para o planejamento de serviços e ações dos trabalhadores para a tenção integral à saúde dos idosos.
Anesthesia for Premature Infants and Micropremies
Authors: Ng Elaine 
Published: January 2021

Advances in medicine has led to the increased survival of micropremies and premature infants. The anesthetic management for these patients has unique considerations and should only be provided by experts at specialized pediatric centers. Technical procedures and monitoring can be challenging due to their small size. Related to the physiology and immaturity of the airway, respiratory, cardiac and neurologic systems, there is an increased perioperative risk that may be related to hypoxemia and apnea and rapid desaturation, reversal of intracardiac shunts, and intraventricular hemorrhage. Immature renal and hepatic systems are related to decreased drug metabolism and demand careful and accurate administration of medications. The patients are prone to hypothermia and hypoglycemia. In addition, there may be congenital anomalies, syndromes, or other metabolic issues that may not have been fully worked up at the time of presentation for anesthesia. Emerging information related to potential neurotoxicity related to exposure to anesthetic agents has led to continual research and understanding of these mechanisms in order to provide the safest care. A meticulous approach, careful planning, and collaborative approach with the multidisciplinary neonatal team are essential to ensure the best possible outcome for this unique patient population.
This review contains 3 figures, 4 tables, and 36 references.
Keywords: inguinal hernia repair, micropremies, prematurity, neonatal anesthesia, neurotoxicity, neonatal intensive care, necrotizing enterocolitis, preterm infants
Anesthetic Management of Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Hammer Matthew J , Hemmer Laura B 
Published: January 2021

Despite efforts in the past decades to improve outcomes, intracranial aneurysm surgery still carries a considerable mortality risk, and its complications can cause a marked disability. To optimize and safely anesthetize a patient for these high-risk surgeries, the anesthesiologist must have a detailed understanding of the natural history, systemic physiologic perturbations, and intraoperative and postoperative complications of intracranial aneurysms. Various grading scales are used to predict adverse events, such as vasospasm or mortality, and are outlined in this chapter. Endovascular coiling and open surgical clip ligation (clipping) are the two most commonly employed interventions for treatment of aneurysms. The anesthetic goals for these complex patients are summarized.

This review contains 2 tables and 59 references.
Key Words: adenosine, burst suppression, emergence hypertension, endovascular coiling, indocyanine green, intracranial aneurysm clipping, intraoperative hypothermia, motor evoked potentials
Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Schwarz Graham S , Duraes Eliana F R 
Published: January 2021

Breast reconstruction is an essential component of breast cancer multidisciplinary care. Restoring the breast form has repeatedly been shown to improve self-image, psychological well-being, and overall quality of life. Excellent aesthetic and functional results may be obtained with close collaboration between the breast surgical oncology and reconstructive plastic surgery teams. Plastic surgical consultation should be obtained for all women undergoing mastectomy and in selected women with anticipated contour deformity following breast conservation therapy. Most breast cancer patients will undergo reconstruction in stages coordinated with the individual’s multimodal oncologic therapy. In the majority of patients undergoing mastectomy, this reconstructive process may begin immediately at the time of breast tissue removal. Implant-based and autologous reconstructive approaches may both yield excellent results but need to be matched with patients’ goals, lifestyle, anatomy, and medical comorbidities.

This review contains 15 figures, 7 tables and 55 references
Key words: autologous reconstruction, breast implant, breast reconstruction, flap, microsurgical breast reconstruction, nipple-sparing mastectomy, oncoplastic, perforator flap, single stage
Intrauterine Fetal Demise
Authors: Wilkie Gianna L , Little Sarah E 
Published: January 2021

Intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD) and stillbirth are interchangeable terms to describe a fetal death in the second half of pregnancy. IUFD is defined as the delivery of a fetus showing no signs of life as indicated by the absence of heart rate, breathing, umbilical cord pulsation, or voluntary muscle movements. A thorough evaluation of maternal history and risk factors, fetal evaluation involving autopsy and genetic evaluation, and placental pathology should be offered at the time of IUFD diagnosis. Significant counseling should be provided to patients regarding future pregnancies and the risk of recurrence as well as the need for increased antenatal testing and delivery planning in subsequent pregnancies.
This review contains 5 tables, 10 figures and 55 references.
Keywords: fetal kick counts, intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), management of intrauterine fetal demise, microarray, placental pathology, risk factors for intrauterine fetal demise
CONSTRUÇÃO DE MATERIAL DIDÁTICO SOBRE CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO: UM OLHAR PARA O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Barreto Santos Lyvia , Almeida Portela da Silva Ana Paula de 
Published: January 2021

O PISA (2018) demonstrou que 55% dos estudantes brasileiros estão com um baixo rendimento em Ciências, evidenciando a necessidade de introduzir novas metodologias com vistas em ressignificar o ensino-aprendizagem da disciplina. Foi, então, proposta a construção de um livreto sobre o Controle Biológico de pragas pelos estudantes, temática que parte da realidade dos sujeitos. O objetivo foi construir conhecimento a partir da produção textual e ilustrativa sobre o tema, considerando o desenvolvimento dos indicadores de Alfabetização Científica: escrever em ciências, criar, articular ideias e problematizar. Foram realizados: levantamento bibliográfico; socialização; produção textual e ilustrativa em dupla; correção; produção textual e ilustrativa (segunda versão); organização e montagem do livreto para leitura complementar ao Livro Didático. Os estudantes demonstraram apropriação do conhecimento a partir das produções, corroborando que práticas de escrita e produção ilustrativa são favoráveis na disciplina de Ciências, sendo isto intensificado pela relação do conhecimento científico com conhecimento cotidiano.
Antibacterial Activity of Amine-Functionalized Silver-Loaded Natural Zeolite Clinoptilolite
Authors: Nik Malek Nik Ahmad Nizam , Mohd Hanim Siti Aishah 
Published: January 2021

The antibacterial activity of amine-functionalized silver-loaded natural zeolite clinoptilolite was analysed against Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 11229 and a comparison was made with raw clinoptilolite, silver-loaded clinoptilolite, and amine-functionalized clinoptilolite with APTES (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane. Results from the characterization of the samples using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the silver-loaded clinoptilolite was functionalized with APTES without affecting the original framework structure of the clinoptilolite. The antibacterial activity of the analysed samples based on disc diffusion technique (DDT) and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) showed that the silver-loaded clinoptilolite (150 % of cation exchange capacity of clinoptilolite) had the highest antibacterial activity, as compared to amine-functionalized silver-loaded zeolite. This study showed that the functionalization of silver-loaded clinoptilolite could affect the release and action of silver ions to kill or inhibit bacterial growth. However, it showed that the natural zeolite clinoptilolite could become a good carrier system for the antibacterial metal ion, especially silver ions.
Keywords: Zeolite, clinoptilolite, antibacterial agent, silver, amine-functionalization
Synthesis and characterization of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheet zinc aluminum layered double hydroxide (Zn/Al LDH) via an alkali-free route
Authors: Mohd Agus Rabiatul Adawiyah , Deraman Siti Khatijah , A. Tajuddin Nazrizawati 
Published: January 2021

The effect of different molar ratios on the synthesis of zinc aluminium layered double hydroxide (Zn/Al LDH) via an alkali-free route was carried out in this research. This method was prepared by mixing zinc nitrate solution, aluminium nitrate solution, and ammonium carbonate solution at a constant pH of 8.5 with a spanning ratio of Zn to Al from 4:1, 3:1, and 2:1. The XRD patterns showed crystal nanostructure of Zn/Al LDHs was successfully formed. The lattice parameters (a and c) were slightly increased with the increasing of Zn/Al molar ratio. A larger hexagonal platelet is observed in the SEM image align with the high molar ratio of Zn/Al synthesized. The same trend has been observed in the FTIR spectra.

Keywords: Zn/Al LDH, alkali-free route, different molar ratio, XRD, SEM, FTIR
Effectiveness of Topical Insulin Dressing in Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcer among Diabetic Patients
Authors: Meena P  , Monisha V  
Published: January 2021

Diabetes is previously known as the disease of the rich people, but now there is no partiality between the rich and poor and it has become the third leading cause of death. Diabetic Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic issue that is characteristics by chronic hyperglycemia; it is a typical and conceivably persistent disease. The aims of the present study to assess the effectiveness of insulin dressing of the diabetic foot ulcer among diabetic patients. A quasi-experimental research design with purposive sampling technique was adopted to conduct a study among 30 diabetic foot ulcer patients. Demography data was collected and wound was measured and insulin dressing was done. After one week the wound was measured. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the procedure. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Among 30 samples pretest mean score of wound healing among patients with diabetic foot ulcer in the topical insulin dressing was 2.67±0.66 and the post test mean score was 1.43±0.57. The calculated paired ‘t’ test value of t = 15.703 was found to be statistically highly significant at p<0.001 level. The above finding clearly infers that topical insulin dressing to patients with diabetic foot ulcer had significant effect which resulted in the improvement in the level of wound healing among patients with diabetic foot ulcer.
Proceso de enfermería aplicado a paciente en estado crítico con neumonía necrotizante
Authors: Romero-Solís Yaneth Viridiana , Rizo-Velasco Alejandro David 
Published: January 2021

En éste proceso de atención de Enfermería aplicado a paciente en Estado Crítico, con diagnóstico de neumonía necrotizante en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) de un Hospital de Tercer Nivel, se realizó una valoración exhaustiva con base en un instrumento de valoración sustentado en las 14 necesidades de Virginia Henderson, proporcionando previamente un consentimiento informado, siendo meramente con fines académicos, los diagnósticos fueron elaborados con formato Problema, Etiología y Sintomatología (PES), se implementó un plan de cuidados especializados fundamentado con Enfermería Basado en la Evidencia (EBE) para resolver las necesidades más afectadas. De acuerdo con informes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), a nivel global las Infecciones de Vías Respiratorias Bajas (IVRB) (incluida la neumonía necrotizante), en el año 2008 ocasionaron la muerte a 3.46 millones de personas, lo que corresponde al 6.1% del total de muertes para ese año, colocándola en el tercer lugar como causa de muerte después de la enfermedad isquémica del corazón y la enfermedad cerebrovascular1.
Pencarian Informasi Dakwah Islam melalui Media Online Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 bagi Komunitas Muslim
Authors: Prasanti Ditha , Karimah Kismiyati El 
Published: January 2021

Masa pandemi COVID-19 menjadikan individu memanfaatkan media sosial untuk mencari informasi terbaru, namun banyak informasi yang diperoleh tentang COVID-19 yang meresahkan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk 1) mengetahui alasan pencarian informasi dakwah islami melalui media online pada masa pandemi COVID-19, 2) mengungkapkan dampak masa pandemi COVID-19 bagi pencarian informasi dakwah islami bagi komunitas remaja muslim X, 3) mengetahui proses pencarian informasi dakwah islam yang dilakukan komunitas remaja muslim X melalui media online. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus COVID-19, dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi literatur, observasi, dan wawancara mendalam dengan komunitas remaja muslim di Bandung. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa: 1) alasan pencarian informasi dakwah islam berawal dari adanya kebanjiran informasi tentang pandemi COVID-19 sehingga mendorong komunitas tersebut untuk mencari solusinya, 2) dampak masa pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan komunitas remaja muslim aktif dan selektif dalam pencarian informasi dakwah islam melalui media online, 3) proses pencarian informasi dakwah islam tersebut mulai dari mengelompokkan kebutuhan, membuat jadwal dan kelompok diskusi online, menggunakan wadah atau platform diskusi online seperti Google Meet, Zoom Meeting, dan WA Video Call. Masa pandemi COVID-19 telah mendorong komunitas tersebut tetap aktif dalam pencarian informasi dakwah Islam. Substansi penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi berupa rekomendasi kebijakan baru para remaja dalam mencari informasi melalui media online harus selektif agar tidak merugikan lainnya.