bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma metabolites associated with biomarker evidence of neurodegeneration in cognitively normal older adults
Authors: Chatterjee Pratishtha , Cheong Yeo‐Jin , Bhatnagar Atul , Goozee Kathryn , Wu Yunqi , McKay Matthew , Martins Ian J. , Lim Wei L. F. , Pedrini Steve , Tegg Michelle , Villemagne Victor L. , Asih Prita R. , Dave Preeti , Shah Tejal M. , Dias Cintia B. , Fuller Stephanie J. , Hillebrandt Heidi , Gupta Sunil , Hone Eugene , Taddei Kevin , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Sohrabi Hamid R. , Martins Ralph N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that currently has no cure. Identifying biochemical changes associated with neurodegeneration prior to symptom onset, will provide insight into the biological mechanisms associated with neurodegenerative processes, that may also aid in identifying potential drug targets. The current study therefore investigated associations between plasma neurofilament light chain (NF‐L), a marker of neurodegeneration, with plasma metabolites that are products of various cellular processes. Plasma NF‐L, measured by ultrasensitive Single molecule array (Simoa) technology (Quanterix) and plasma metabolites, measured by mass‐spectrometry (AbsoluteIDQ® p400HR kit, BIOCRATES), were assessed in the Kerr Anglican Retirement Village Initiative in Ageing Health (KARVIAH) cohort comprising 100 cognitively normal older adults. Metabolites belonging to biogenic amine (creatinine, symmetric dimethylarginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine; ADMA, kynurenine, trans‐4‐hydroxyproline), amino acid (citrulline, proline, arginine, asparagine, phenylalanine, threonine) and acylcarnitine classes were observed to have positive correlations with plasma NF‐L, suggesting a link between neurodegeneration and biological pathways associated with neurotransmitter regulation, nitric oxide homoeostasis, inflammation and mitochondrial function. Additionally, after stratifying participants based on low/high brain amyloid‐β load (Aβ ±) assessed by positron emission tomography, while creatinine, SDMA and citrulline correlated with NF‐L in both Aβ‐ and Aβ+ groups, ADMA, proline, arginine, asparagine, phenylalanine and acylcarnitine species correlated with NF‐L only in the Aβ+ group after adjusting for confounding variables, suggesting that the association of these metabolites with neurodegeneration may be relevant to AD‐related neuropathology. Metabolites identified to be associated with plasma NF‐L may have the potential to serve as prognostic markers for neurodegenerative diseases, however, further studies are required to validate the current findings in an independent cohort, both cross‐sectionally and longitudinally.
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Divorce, Economic Resources, and Survival among Older Black and White Women
Authors: Wolfe Joseph D. , Thomeer Mieke Beth 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study identifies which midlife economic resources reduce the association between divorce and mortality risk among older Black and White women.BackgroundDespite evidence that divorce increases mortality risk due to economic losses, research has not established which among several common economic resources related to divorce are most important for older women's survival. There is also relatively little research on why marital inequalities in mortality are smaller among older Black women. Drawing from diverse areas of scholarship, we hypothesize that group differences in multiple economic resources explain this finding.MethodFractional logistic regression and Gompertz proportional hazards models were estimated with data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women (N = 4,668;
nlsinfo.org) to examine the associations between divorce, economic resources, and mortality among older Black and White women (born 1923–1937).ResultsDivorced White women had significantly less housing and financial wealth than their continuously married counterparts, and both Black and White divorcées had less vehicle wealth and higher probabilities of indebtedness. With respect to survival, net worth and housing wealth accounted for the largest reductions in marital and racial differences in survival.ConclusionFindings suggest that wealth—home wealth in particular—is key to understanding the greater longevity of married White women compared to Black women and divorced White women. Interventions aimed at reducing health disparities must first address the social practices creating economic inequalities.
Hypertension, retinopathy, and acute kidney injury in dogs: A prospective study
Authors: Cole Laura Pearl , Jepson Rosanne , Dawson Charlotte , Humm Karen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSystemic hypertension (SH) is a potential complication of acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs.ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of SH and hypertensive retinopathy in dogs with AKI, to investigate the relationship between SH and severity of AKI and to assess possible factors associated with SH.AnimalsFifty‐two dogs with AKI.MethodsProspective observational study of dogs presenting to a tertiary referral center that fulfilled the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines for the diagnosis of AKI. Systolic blood pressure measurement, urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR), urine output, presence of hypertensive retinopathy and fluid overload (FO), survival to discharge and duration of hospitalization were subsequently assessed. The prevalence of SH was calculated and the relationship between SH and recorded factors was examined by nonparametric statistics.ResultsThe prevalence of SH (≥160 mm Hg) on admission or during hospitalization was 75% (39/52) and in 56% (22/39) of cases this was severe (≥180 mm Hg). Sixteen percent (7/43) of dogs had evidence of hypertensive retinopathy and 77% (24/31) dogs had UPCR >0.5. Forty‐two percent (22/52) dogs had FO on admission or during hospitalization. There was no association between SH and IRIS AKI grade, oligo/anuria, survival to discharge, duration of hospitalization or proteinuria. Dogs with FO on presentation were more likely to be hypertensive at admission compared to dogs without FO (P= .02). Dogs that did not survive to discharge were more likely to have FO (P= .007).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSystemic hypertension is common in dogs with AKI. Systemic hypertension might be associated with FO, which itself is associated with nonsurvival. Monitoring for SH and FO is therefore warranted in dogs with AKI.
Effects of relative humidity and elevated oxygen concentrations on egg‐hatching success of American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis
Authors: Reigh Robert C. , Williams Millie B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTwo experiments were conducted to determine effects of relative humidity (RH) and atmospheric oxygen concentration on hatching success of artificially incubated alligator eggs. In one study, 216 eggs were subjected to one of four treatments involving two levels of RH (80 or 93% RH) and two atmospheric oxygen concentrations (21 or 28% O2). Hatching success of eggs in the 80/21 and 80/28 treatments, combined, totaled only 1.8% (one hatchling produced in each treatment), while hatching success of eggs in the 93/21 and 93/28 treatments averaged 83.3% in both groups, with no significant difference (p > .05) between treatments. In a second study, 300 alligator eggs were incubated at 93% RH and one of three atmospheric oxygen concentrations (21, 25, or 28% O2). Hatching success averaged 66.3, 56.3, and 62.5% in the 21, 25, and 28% oxygen treatments, respectively, with no significant difference (p > .05) among treatments. Results of the two experiments indicated that 80% RH reduced egg‐hatching success to nearly zero, regardless of atmospheric oxygen concentration, while 93% RH produced good hatching success. Elevated atmospheric oxygen concentrations up to one‐third higher than ambient air had no effect on egg‐hatching success under the conditions of either study.
Factors associated with acute malnutrition among children 6‐59 months in rural Mozambique
Authors: Zaba Tomás , Buene Dino , Famba Elda , Joyeux Mathieu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFactors associated with acute malnutrition are complex and wide‐ranging particularly in developing countries. In Mozambique, contextual factors associated to children acute malnutrition are yet to be fully investigated and the evidences used to better inform prevention programme. The objective of this study is to identify key factors associated with acute malnutrition among 6‐ to 59‐month‐old children living in nine districts in rural Mozambique assessed in the 2018 seasonal nutrition assessment. We analysed Standardized Monitoring and Assessment for Relief and Transition (SMART) nutrition survey data of 1,116 children from three districts and rapid nutrition assessment (RNA) data of 3,884 children from six districts of Mozambique. We used a multiple logistic regression analysis to respond to the research question. Experiencing diarrhoea [odds ratio (OR) = 4.54; P = 0.001] was the only variable associated with acute malnutrition from the SMART survey dataset, whereas in the RNA, fever (OR = 3.0; P = 0.000) access to sanitation (OR = 0.118; P = 0.037), experiencing shock in the household (OR = 0.5; P = 0.020), diarrhoea (OR = 2.41; P = 0.001) and cough (OR = 1.75; P = 0.030) were the variables with significant association to acute malnutrition. We believe that the findings were influenced by the proportion of acute malnutrition in each survey type. Study findings confirm the association between acute malnutrition and child's health outcomes that are generally linked to poor living conditions and independent effects of shocks. This highlights the need for policy and programme to implement integrated, cross‐sectoral approaches to tackling child acute malnutrition, particularly addressing community level conditions such as water and sanitation.
Celebrating nationhood: Negotiating nationhood and history in Finland's centenary celebrations
Authors: Sakki Inari , Hakoköngäs Eemeli 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNational celebrations are one of the ways by which nations attempt to maintain connectedness with the past and strengthen national identities. Centenary celebrations, in particular, make identity questions visible and bring them to the centre of public debate and, thus, provide an opportunity to examine question such as ‘where do we come from’ and ‘where are we going’. In this research, we examine conceptions of nationhood and history in the year of the Finnish centenary 2017. As the Finnish centenary programme was simultaneously organised ‘from above’ as an elite‐driven and ‘from below’ as citizen‐driven collective endeavour, it provided unique material for exploring the construction, meanings and negotiations of social representations of nationhood and history. Our analysis brings forth the power struggle of meanings, the ways in which hegemonic narratives are challenged and contested and the ways in which affects and emotions are entangled with the meaning‐making in commemoration and nation‐building practices, for example, by employing narrative empathy in commemorations. Different projects of the centenary programme make different subject positions available for the participants, such as a position of hardworking Finn or brave Finn in hegemonic narratives and, respectively, a position of emancipated women or fragile and traumatised soldiers in alternative narratives.
Quality of measures on respectful and disrespectful maternity care: A systematic review
Authors: Dhakal Prativa , Gamble Jenny , Creedy Debra K. , Newnham Elizabeth 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis systematic review aimed to critique the process of development and psychometric properties of tools measuring respectful or disrespectful maternity care experienced by women during labor and birth in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were systematically searched from their inception to February 2020. Methodological quality was assessed using the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments checklist. Six tools measuring respectful maternity care during the intrapartum period were identified. Measurement error, cross‐cultural validity, and responsiveness were not evaluated by any tool developers, while structural validity, internal consistency, and hypothesis testing were the most frequently assessed measurement properties. Interestingly, this review could not identify any measures of disrespectful care even though most included measures focused on disrespect and abuse. No measure was of sufficient quality to determine women's experiences of disrespectful and respectful maternity care in low‐ and middle‐income countries. New valid and reliable measures using rigorous approaches to tool development are required.
Quality of work among part‐time nurses and its relationship to job satisfaction and work values: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Komagata Marie , Takemura Yukie , Ichikawa Naoko , Takehara Kimie , Kunie Keiko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study compared the quality of work between part‐time and full‐time nurses and investigated the relationship between quality of work and satisfaction with the work itself among part‐time nurses. Quality of work was measured by specific work content and job characteristics. It was hypothesized that work content would affect satisfaction mediated by job characteristics. Furthermore, the moderating effects of intrinsic work values on the relationship between job characteristics and satisfaction were examined. A cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 444 part‐time and 795 full‐time nurses working in Japanese hospital wards in 2017. The Mann–Whitney U test, χ2 test, and hierarchical multiple regressions were used. Work content differed between part‐time and full‐time nurses; however, job characteristics and satisfaction showed little difference. Work content was not associated with satisfaction mediated by job characteristics. Within the job characteristics, autonomy and feedback had positive effects on the satisfaction of part‐time nurses, whereas interaction with work values was insignificant. When assigning work, it is important to allow part‐time nurses to experience higher levels of autonomy and feedback regardless of their intrinsic work values.
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder symptoms are frequent in patients presenting for symptoms of gastroparesis
Authors: Burton Murray Helen , Jehangir Asad , Silvernale Casey J. , Kuo Braden , Parkman Henry P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionPatients with symptoms of gastroparesis/dyspepsia often avoid foods or restrict eating for symptom management. There is growing interest in understanding risk for feeding/eating disorders (FEDs) like avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). Among patients presenting with gastroparesis/dyspepsia symptoms, we aimed to determine: (a) FED symptom frequency, and (b) relation of FED symptoms to gastrointestinal symptom severity and gastric retention abnormalities.MethodsAdult patients (N = 288; 78% female) referred for gastroparesis/dyspepsia symptoms at two academic medical centers from January 2018—February 2019 completed self‐report surveys for gastrointestinal symptom severity and FED symptoms. Gastric retention data were available for 210 patients, using 4‐hour EggBeater gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES).ResultsClinically significant FED symptoms were present in 158 patients (54.9%). Interestingly, 115 patients (39.9%) met conservative self‐report cutoff for ARFID symptoms, with 67 (23.3%) patients having documented psychosocial/medical impairment. Of those with survey data for other FEDs (n = 239), only 28 patients (11.7%) had restrictive eating disorders (anorexia nervosa; unspecified FED). Likelihood of having FED symptoms was significantly associated with greater gastroparesis symptom severity (OR = 2.23,P< .001), but not GES. In addition, gastroparesis symptom severity was moderately and significantly associated with greater ARFID symptom severity (b= 0.45,P< .001), but neither GES nor other FED symptoms.DiscussionIn patients presenting with gastroparesis/dyspepsia symptoms, FED symptoms were frequent (55%), particularly ARFID, and were associated with greater gastrointestinal symptom severity, but not gastric retention. Gastroparesis/dyspepsia symptoms may mimic FEDs, particularly ARFID. Clinicians should be cautious about diagnosing ARFID in gastroparesis/dyspepsia patients, and screening for ARFID could assist behavioral treatment referral.
Wound closure and alveoplasty after preventive tooth extractions in patients with antiresorptive intake—A randomized pilot trial
Authors: Ristow Oliver , Rückschloß Thomas , Moratin Julius , Müller Michael , Kühle Reinald , Dominik Horn , Pilz Maximilian , Shavlokhova Veronika , Otto Sven , Hoffmann Jürgen , Freudlsperger Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare success rates between the sub‐periosteal prepared (SPP) muco‐periosteal flap and the epi‐periosteal prepared (EPP) mucosa flap and the feasibility of alveoplasty after surgical tooth extractions in patients undergoing/after antiresorptive treatment.SubjectsPatients with an indication for preventive tooth extraction undergoing/after antiresorptive treatment were enrolled over a 24‐month period in a parallel‐group randomized clinical pilot trial and randomly assigned for primary wound closure to either the SPP or the EPP group. The primary outcome was treatment failure 8 weeks after surgery. To assess the feasibility of alveoplasty, necrotic bone changes at the time point of tooth extraction were evaluated.ResultsOne hundred and sixty patients were randomized to the SSP (n = 82) or the EPP (n = 78) group. One hundred and fifty‐seven patients met the primary endpoint 8 weeks after surgery with five treatment failures for the SPP group (6.3%) and 18 (23.4%) for the EPP group (p = .004). A significant relationship (p < .0001) was observed between symptomatic teeth and non‐vital bone found in 54.8% of all biopsies.ConclusionsThe strong superiority of the muco‐periosteal flap as primary wound closure revealed the feasibility and effectiveness of the study. The large number of necrotic biopsies emphasizes the importance of alveoplasty as a preventive measure.
Age effect of antipsychotic medications on the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with schizophrenia: A nationwide case–crossover study
Authors: Chen Pao‐Huan , Tsai Shang‐Ying , Pan Chun‐Hung , Chang Chi‐Kang , Su Sheng‐Shiang , Chen Chiao‐Chicy , Kuo Chian‐Jue 
Published: July 2020

AimResearch regarding the effects of age in patients with schizophrenia taking antipsychotics on the risk of sudden cardiac death is lacking. We determined the effect of patient age on the association between exposure to antipsychotics and the risk of sudden cardiac death in a nationwide schizophrenia cohort.MethodsFrom the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and Department of Health Death Certification System, data of 1836 patients with schizophrenia who had experienced sudden cardiac death between 2000 and 2016 were included. A case–crossover design by using a 14‐day window was applied, and subgroup analyses were performed by stratifying patients into three age subgroups (<45, 45–65, and >65 years) to assess the effect of age on the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients taking antipsychotics.ResultsNo association between exposure to antipsychotic agents and sudden cardiac death risk was found in patients aged >65 years who were characterized by a high burden of medical illnesses. However, zotepine significantly increased the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients aged <45 years (adjusted relative risk [RR] = 2.68, P = 0.046). Flupentixol (adjusted RR = 5.30, P = 0.004) and risperidone (adjusted RR = 1.68, P = 0.01) significantly elevated the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients aged 45–65 years.ConclusionThis study suggests that individual antipsychotics pose different risks of sudden cardiac death in patients with schizophrenia across their lifespan. Clinicians should consider patient age when evaluating the risks and benefits of antipsychotic treatment.
Enteral iron absorption in patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Augsburger Bret D. , Lucky Anne W. , Marathe Kalyani , Tarango Cristina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesTo determine whether iron was being enterally absorbed in anemic patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB).MethodsAnemic patients with RDEB who were refractory or had poor adherence to oral or gastrostomy‐given iron underwent enteral iron absorption challenges. Subjects were given 2 mg/kg of elemental iron. Successful iron absorption was defined as a two‐ to threefold increase of serum iron or a rise to above 100 µg/dL.ResultsNine of 12 iron challenges did not show increased iron absorption. Only three of the ten subjects demonstrated elevated iron absorption. All patients had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C‐reactive protein (CRP), low serum albumin, and hemoglobin levels. Eight challenges were in patients with elevated soluble transferrin receptor (STFR)/log ferritin levels, indicating iron deficiency. The three challenges with elevated iron absorption also had elevated STFR/log ferritin as well as elevated ESR and CRP, but these inflammatory markers were, in general, less elevated than those in non‐absorbers.ConclusionsEnteral iron is routinely prescribed for anemic patients with RDEB assuming a component of iron deficiency. Adherence to enteral iron tends to be unreliable due to unpalatable taste and gastrointestinal complaints. Enteral iron absorption tests are relatively noninvasive and appear to be well tolerated. Poor gastrointestinal iron absorption may be an important factor in failure to improve anemia in RDEB enterally. It may be prudent to test patients with RDEB who are anemic and not responding well to conventional iron supplements with iron absorption tests and to consider replacement with intravenous iron in iron‐deficient patients.
Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma with overlapping features of rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma and a delayed complication of necrotizing fasciitis
Authors: Belmesk Lina , Dubois Josée , Caouette‐Laberge Louise , David Michèle , Bortoluzzi Patricia , Kokta Victor , Hatami Afshin , McCuaig Catherine C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report the case of a male infant born at term with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) of the right forearm and coagulopathy. Our case was unusual as it involuted leaving subcutaneous atrophy and prominent veins, which are more commonly observed in rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma. At 3 years of age, the child developed recurrent superficial thrombophlebitis localized to the area where the KHE had regressed. Subsequently, he developed necrotizing fasciitis and thrombotic veins in the same location and group A streptococcal septic shock.
Exserohilum rostratum, a rare cause of opportunistic skin infection in children: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Gracia‐Darder Inés , Garcías‐Ladaria Joan , Salinas Sanz José Antonio , Saus Sarrias Carles , Martín‐Santiago Ana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractExserohilum species are environmental molds that may rarely cause skin and nasal infections, especially in immunocompromised children. We present a 3‐year‐old girl with acute leukemia who presented with a skin infection caused by Exserohilum rostratum. Previously published cases of skin infections by Exserohilum spp. in children are reviewed.