bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared leadership and team creativity
Authors: Lyndon Shiji , Pandey Ashish , Navare Ajinkya 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend the theoretical understanding and conceptualization of shared leadership by examining the impact of cognitive trust as an antecedent of shared leadership. Further, the study examines the mediating effect of team learning on relationship between shared leadership and team creativity.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a mixed method approach with sequential explanatory research strategy. Using a survey questionnaire, data from 44 teams were collected at two different time points. Semistructured interviews were carried out with 22 teams to explain the results that emerged from the quantitative study.FindingsThe study found that cognitive trust positively influences shared leadership. Further, team learning fully mediates the relationship between shared leadership and team creativity. The major themes that emerged from the qualitative study are participant's experiences of shared leadership in team, reasons to exert leadership, reasons to accept leadership and consequences of shared leadership.Practical implicationsOrganizations can enhance team creativity by promoting shared leadership in the organization.Originality/valueThis study examines the mediating process of team learning between shared leadership and team creativity. Mixed method approach adopted in the study explains the shared leadership process by building on both quantitative and qualitative research.
Exploiting online environment to engage customers: social commerce brand community
Authors: Cuomo Maria Teresa , Mazzucchelli Alice , Chierici Roberto , Ceruti Francesca 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
Taking jointly into account social commerce and online brand community, this paper aims to investigate how the growth of social commerce and the fast adoption of online brand communities have given firms the opportunity to establish a new kind of community, namely, the social commerce brand community. Adopting a managerial perspective, the research aims to identify the core dimensions of social commerce brand community and shed light on how they contribute in engaging customers and transform them into brand advocates.

Design/methodology/approach
Five social commerce retailers operating into five different sectors of activity have been involved in a multiple case study. Data retrieved from semi-structured interviews have been triangulated with information gathered from different sources to provide depth to the cases and enhance data validity.

Findings
This study substantiates the rise of social commerce brand community as a new phenomenon that differs from traditional online brand communities and provides firms with concrete support in selling activities and in managing relationships with customers. The multiple case study allows also to detect social commerce brand community core pillars, namely, participants’ identification, participation, conversation and social support. These four elements turned out to be crucial to develop an effective social commerce brand community.

Research limitations/implications
This study extends existing theory on social commerce and online brand community by investigating the social commerce brand community as a new phenomenon and clarifying the fundamental pillars on which it relies.

Originality/value
This study extends existing theory on social commerce and online brand community by investigating the social commerce brand community as a new phenomenon and clarifying the fundamental pillars on which it relies.
Development aid and the governance of global value chains the case of the Bangladesh accord on fire and building safety
Authors: Beierlein Laurence 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relevance and contradictions of development aid in crafting governance responses for enabling long term social upgrading in global garment value chains. Since governance responses are multilevel, we propose to analyse the interrelation between the global and the local level through the case study of a private regulatory initiative of a new type: the Accord on Fire and Building Security in Bangladesh, operationally run like a development aid programme. We aim at explaining the reasons why it has been banned from operating in the country.

Design/methodology/approach
We use the framework of the Global Value Chain (GVC) approach since it is operationally used in development aid and has broadened its focus to investigating the link between economic and social upgrading. It further helps to understand multilevel and multiactor governance responses. Using multiple secondary sources we describe the context in which the Accord emerged, explore its provisions and operations, and analyse the contestation pertaining to its termination. We analyse the Accord both as a global governance tool and a field-level development aid actor that addresses social issues in GVCs.

Findings
As an ILO led operational programme, the Accord, since its inception, has proven globally effective at improving workplace safety for many workers. However it has been resented for being hegemonic and, as a governance tool, it has neither succeeded in addressing the flaws of private regulatory initiatives nor changed existing power relationships in GVCs.

Originality/value
The early termination of the Accord has not yet been analysed. In light of this, we propose new insights on the rising role of development aid in private governance responses.
Random sampling in metagenomic sequencing leads to overestimated spatial scaling of microbial diversity
Authors: Tu Qichao 
Published: March 2020

SummaryRevealing the spatial scaling patterns of microbial diversity is of special interest in microbial ecology. One critical question is whether the observed spatial turnover rate truly reflect the actual spatial patterns of extremely diverse microbial communities. Using simulated mock communities, this study suggested that the currently observed microbial spatial turnover rates were overestimated by random sampling processes associated with high‐throughput metagenomic sequencing. The observed z values were largely contributed by accumulated microbial taxa due to cumulative number of samples. This is a crucial issue because microbial communities already have very low spatial turnover rate due to the small size and potential cosmopolitism nature of microorganisms. Further investigations suggested a linear relationship between the observed and expected z values, which can be applied to remove random sampling noises from the observed z values. Adjustment of z values for data sets from six American forests showed much lower spatial turnover rate than that before adjustment. However, the patterns of z values among these six forests remained unchanged. This study suggested that our current understanding of microbial taxa–area relationships could be inaccurate. Therefore, cautions and efforts should be made for more accurate estimation and interpretation of microbial spatial patterns.
(Non)Urban Humans: Questions for a Research Agenda (the Work the Urban Could Do)
Authors: Simone Abdoumaliq 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis interventions essay deploys the notion of the (non)urban human to address the conundrums associated with identifying spaces, operations and entities outside of urbanization's planetary encompassment. In the piece, the objective of which is to call for a programme of prospective research collaborations, it seeks to explore domains of intersection among that which appears ‘left out’ of urbanization's purported advantages, that whose time has yet to come, and forms of the human that exceed the possibilities of self‐reflexive consciousness and free will. The essay draws upon the temporalities, rhythms, spatial arrangements and sensoria generated through histories of blackness and ‘natural worlds’ and their interactions, to posit extensionality—a dispersal of bodies and their capacities into more reciprocal and mutual enactments with the earthly surrounds—as a generative by‐product of extended urbanization.
Volatile organic compound profiles of yoghurt produced from cow's milk with different somatic cell counts
Authors: Ivanov Galin , Bilgucu Ertugrul , Ivanova Ivelina , Dimitrova Milena 
Published: March 2020

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) of raw cow's milk on the volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles of yoghurt. Test yoghurt samples were produced from three batches of cow's milk with low, medium and high SCC, respectively. The VOCs were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. A lower diacetyl and acetoin content and a higher content of 2‐heptanone, and butanoic and hexanoic acids were established in the yoghurt samples from batches with high SCC of above 1 000 000 cells/cm3. The increased SCC of cow's milk had a negative effect on the volatile organic compound profiles of yoghurt.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes and subsequent development of connective tissue disease in the UK: an epidemiological study
Authors: Kither H , Heazell A , Bruce IN , Tower C , Crocker I 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveThis study assessed prevalence of connective tissue disease (CTDs), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in women with previous adverse pregnancy outcome compared with uncomplicated livebirths.DesignRetrospective case–control study.SettingUK Primary Care.Population or sampleRecords of women, 18 years and older, within the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) (1 January 2000–31 December 2013).MethodsClinical Practice Research Datalink was searched for pregnancy terms to identify adverse pregnancy outcome. Each identified case was matched to five livebirths.Main outcome measuresDiagnosis of SLE, CTD, APS or autoimmune antibodies. Poisson regression was performed to calculate relative risk ratios (RR), comparing adverse pregnancy outcome with livebirth cohorts.ResultsClinical Practice Research Datalink identified 20 123 adverse pregnancy outcomes matched to 97 323 livebirths, with a total of 875 590 person‐years follow up. Median follow up from study entry was 7.29 years (SD 4.39). Compared with women with an uncomplicated livebirth, women with adverse pregnancy outcome had an increased risk of developing CTD or autoimmune antibodies (RR 3.20, 95% CI 2.90–3.51). Risk was greatest following a stillbirth (RR 5.82, 95% CI 4.97–6.81). For CTD and SLE, the risk was greatest within the first 5 years of adverse pregnancy outcome. Risk for aPL and APS diagnosis was highest ≥5 years from adverse pregnancy outcome.ConclusionsAdverse pregnancy outcome is associated with increased risk of developing maternal CTD, including SLE. Either immunological factors predispose women to adverse pregnancy outcome and subsequent CTD diagnosis or, alternatively, adverse pregnancy outcome initiates autoimmune events which culminate in CTD in later life.Tweetable abstractStillbirth is associated with increased maternal risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Paper Versus Practice: A Field Investigation of Integrity Hotlines
Authors: SOLTES EUGENE 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIn an effort to motivate firms to more rapidly detect potential misconduct, legislators, regulators, and enforcement agencies incentivize firms to have integrity or “whistleblowing” hotlines. These hotlines provide individuals an opportunity to report alleged misconduct and seek guidance about how to appropriately respond. Beyond some isolated examples, little is known about the responsiveness of hotlines to actual claims of alleged misconduct. I undertake a field study to investigate how hotlines function in practice by making four different inquiries involving alleged misconduct to nearly 250 firms. I find that one‐fifth of firms have impediments (e.g., phone line disconnected, email bounce back, direct to incorrect website) that hinder reporting and approximately 10% of firms do not respond in a timely manner. Overall, this investigation illuminates several differences between integrity hotlines “on paper” and how they actually perform in practice.
Mucosectomy device‐assisted endoscopic resection of gastric subepithelial lesions
Authors: Li Lian Yong , Li Bai Wen , Mekaroonkamol Parit , Chen Hui Min , Shen Shan Shan , Luo Hui , Dacha Sunil , Xue Yue , Cristofaro Sarah , Keilin Steven , Willingham Field , Cai Qiang 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveSome gastrointestinal subepithelial tumors (SETs) have malignant potential and complete resection may be required. However, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) can be a tedious procedure and requires a long and extensive training to master. Devices for endoscopic full‐thickness resection (EFTR) are limited and are not widely available. We report here a simpler endoscopic method to resect small SETs using a commercially available endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) kit and enucleation technique.MethodsAll patients with SET who underwent device‐assisted resection at our tertiary care hospital from April 2015 to November 2016 were enrolled in this retrospective study. All procedures were performed by a single expert endoscopist with an advanced endoscopy trainee. A mucosectomy and a limited dissection under mucosa were performed to preserve the mucosa before a device‐assisted enucleation of the tumor to facilitate endoscopic closure of the defect closure in all cases.ResultsA total of 12 patients aged 38–70 y, of whom six were males, were included. Most of the tumors originated from the muscularis propria and were located at the proximal gastric body. The mean procedural duration was 53 minutes (range 23‐91 min). The average size of the lesions was 13 mm (range 9–21 mm). The mean duration of hospitalization was 1.3 days. Bleeding and intentional perforation were all successfully managed during the procedure and did not result in any clinically significant adverse event.ConclusionA device‐assisted EFTR using a commercially available EMR kit is a safe and feasible method for the endoscopic resection of small gastric extrovert SETs.
Trend analysis of lung cancer mortality and years of life lost (YLL) rate from 1999 to 2016 in Tianjin, China: Does the lung cancer burden in rural areas exceed that of urban areas?
Authors: Zheng Wenlong , Zhang Hui , Shen Chengfeng , Zhang Shuang , Wang Dezheng , Li Wei , Jiang Guohong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the trends in the mortality rate and years of life lost (YLL) rate of lung cancer in Tianjin, China, during the period from 1999 to 2016.MethodsLung cancer death data were obtained from Tianjin residents' all‐cause death monitoring system, which covers the whole population of Tianjin. Crude mortality rate, age‐standardized mortality rate, truncated rate (35–64 years), YLL and age‐standardized YLL rate data were calculated and trends examined.ResultsFrom 1999 to 2016, a total of 93 358 lung cancer deaths were reported in Tianjin, which accounted for 38.0% of all cancer deaths (93 358/245744). The crude mortality rate of lung cancer had increased 58.5% from 1999 (40.15/100000) to 2016 (63.64/100000), average annual percent change (AACP) = 2.9%, P < 0.01. However, the age‐standard YLL rate had decreased to 13.3% in 2016 than in 1999, AACP = –0.8%, P < 0.01, with a stable trend in males (AACP = –0.2%), and noticeable decreasing trend in females (AACP = –1.4%). The lung cancer mortality rate (ASRW) in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas in 1999, with a ratio of 1.99:1. However, it was lower in 2016, with the ratio of 0.98:1. For the truncated rate (35–64 years), it had decreased in urban areas compared with rural areas since the year 2013.ConclusionLung cancer remains the most fatal cancer in Tianjin. However, the age‐standard YLL rate of lung cancer has decreased considerably accompanied by a decline in smoking rate years ago, especially in women and people living in urban areas. Considerable attention is therefore needed in the rural areas where cases of lung cancer are still rapidly increasing.
Patterns of response in metastatic NSCLC during PD‐1 or PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy: Comparison of the RECIST 1.1 and iRECIST criteria
Authors: Liang Hongge , Xu Yan , Chen Minjiang , Zhong Wei , Wang Mengzhao , Zhao Jing 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundImmunotherapy plays an important role in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, radiological evaluation is challenging due to the potential inflammatory effects of immunotherapy, which can lead to atypical response patterns. Identifying these atypical responses is critical to making treatment decisions and prognostication.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy (alone or in combination). We collected patients' clinical and pathological data, analyzed the proportion of patients who continued immunotherapy beyond progressive disease (PD) per RECIST 1.1, and compared the differences in response patterns between the RECIST 1.1 and iRECIST criteria.ResultsA total of 43 patients treated at the Peking Union Medical College, China from January 2018 to April 2019 were included. Continued immunotherapy beyond PD per RECIST 1.1 was observed in 10 (33.3%, 10/30) patients, of which there were discordant assessments (30%, 3/10) between the RECIST 1.1 and iRECIST, which were evaluated as PD by RECIST 1.1 and immune unconfirmed PD by iRECIST. Among seven patients with immune confirmed PD, one (1/30, 3.3%) had pseudoprogression. Patients who continued immunotherapy beyond PD (n = 10) experienced significantly prolonged overall survival (not reached vs. 8.1 months: hazard ratio, 2.8; 95% confidence interval: 2.7–13.6, P = 0.03) compared with patients who did not continue immunotherapy beyond PD (n = 20).ConclusionsRECIST 1.1 evaluation underestimated the benefit of immunotherapy. Further research is required to optimize iRECIST and establish some criteria for selecting patients who will benefit from continued immunotherapy beyond PD per RECIST 1.1.
The effect of four materials on direct pulp capping: An animal study
Authors: Zaen El‐Din Ahmed M. , Hamama Hamdi H. , Abo El‐Elaa Mohammed A. , Grawish Mohammed E. , Mahmoud Salah H. , Neelakantan Prasanna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of direct pulp capping performed with two types of tricalcium silicate‐based materials (mineral trioxide aggregate/MTA and Biodentine/BD); nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHAP) crystals or calcium hydroxide (CH) in dogs. Following mechanical exposure, the pulps were randomly capped with one of the four materials. Histological analyses were performed to examine the outcomes after 7 days or 3 months. At 7 days, BD and nHAP showed significantly less inflammatory cell response than MTA and CH. At 3 months, the inflammatory cell response and tissue necrosis were significantly higher in the CH group. There was no significant difference between the tested materials in the calcific bridge formation after 7 days; however, a significant difference was noticed at the 3‐month period. Tricalcium silicate‐based cements and nHAP are potential alternatives to CH in vital pulp therapy following accidental pulp exposure.
Colorectal cancer in the United States and a review of its heterogeneity among Asian American subgroups
Authors: Gu Mofan , Thapa Susan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States. Established risk factors include older age, unhealthy lifestyle (high consumptions of red/preserved meat, low consumptions of fruit and vegetables, smoking, high alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activities), personal and family medical histories and low socioeconomic status (low insurance coverage, education and income). Asian American subgroups vary significantly in terms of culture, socioeconomic status, and health behaviors, yet most registries and researches aggregate all Asian Americans as one group. In this review, we summarized and compared colorectal cancer incidence among different Asian American subgroups, and to explore the reasons behind the heterogeneity. Based on limited literatures, we found that Japanese Americans have the highest colorectal cancer incidence among all Asian Americans. The incidence is decreasing among most Asian American subgroups except for Korean Americans. Such heterogeneity is influenced by lifestyle factors related to the country of origin and the United States, as well as colorectal cancer screening.
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 3 months of life may reduce the risk of respiratory allergies and some asthma in children at the age of 6 years
Authors: Bigman Galya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimWe examined the associations between breastfeeding and respiratory allergies and types of asthma in American children.MethodsThis longitudinal study used data from mother‐infant pairs who took part in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II in 2005‐2007 and the Year 6 Follow‐Up Study in 2012. The mothers reported breastfeeding practices on a monthly basis for the first year of life, childhood asthma and allergies at age 6 years, and associated factors. Generalised linear models were used in statistical analyses.ResultsOverall, 1177 mother‐infant pairs were included in the sample. A third (32.9%) of the children were exclusively breastfed until the age of 3 months and by the age of 6 years 20.8% had been diagnosed with respiratory allergies and 11.3% with asthma. In the multivariable analyses, exclusive breastfeeding for 3 months was associated with a reduced relative risk of respiratory allergies of 0.77 at the age of 6 years. It also reduced the relative risk of asthma to 0.66, but only if the children did not have a family history of asthma.ConclusionThis longitudinal study provided evidence that exclusive breastfeeding for the first 3 months may reduce the risk of respiratory allergies and asthma in children 6 years of age, but concerning asthma, statistical significance was reached only in children without a family predisposition to asthma.
Androgen therapy in inherited bone marrow failure syndromes: analysis from the Canadian Inherited Marrow Failure Registry
Authors: Català Albert , Ali Salah S. , Cuvelier Geoffrey D. E. , Steele MacGregor , Klaassen Robert J. , Fernandez Conrad V. , Pastore Yves D. , Abish Sharon , Rayar Meera , Jardine Lawrence , Breakey Vicky R. , Brossard Josee , Sinha Roona , Silva Mariana , Goodyear Lisa , Lipton Jeffrey H. , Michon Bruno , Corriveau‐Bourque Catherine , Sung Lillian , Lauhasurayotin Supanun , Zlateska Bozana , Cada Michaela , Dror Yigal 
Published: March 2020

SummaryProgressive cytopenia is a serious complication among paediatric patients with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS). Androgens have been used to improve blood counts in different bone marrow failure conditions. Little is known about efficacy and toxicity with new androgens (i.e., danazol) in different types of IBMFS. We identified 29 patients from the Canadian Inherited Marrow Failure Registry, who received oxymetholone or danazol. Sixteen (55%) had haematological response including patients with unclassified IBMFS (45%). Danazol showed a better toxicity profile and similar efficacy compared to oxymetholone. Androgens are an effective and safe option to ameliorate bone marrow failure in IBMFS.