bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical tweezers-based velocimetry: a method to measure microscale unsteady flows
Authors: Dehnavi P. Ghoddoosi , Wei D. , Aubin-Tam M.-E. , Tam D. S. W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the study of micro-scale biological flows, velocimetry methods based on passive tracers, such as micro-PIV and micro-PTV, are well established to characterize steady flows. However, these methods become inappropriate for measuring unsteady flows of small amplitude, because, on these scales, the motion of passive tracers cannot be distinguished from Brownian motion. In this study, we use optical tweezers (OTs) in combination with Kalman filtering, to measure unsteady microscopic flows with high temporal accuracy. This method is referred to as optical tweezers-based velocimetry (OTV). The OTV method measures the nanometric displacements of a trapped bead, and predicts the instantaneous velocity of the flow by employing a Kalman filter. We discuss the accuracy of OTV in measuring unsteady flows with 1.5–70 $$\upmu$$
μ
m s$$^{-1}$$

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1

amplitudes and 10–90 Hz frequencies. We quantify how the bead size and the laser power affect the velocimetry accuracy, and specify the optimal choices for the bead size and laser power to measure different unsteady flows. OTV accurately measures unsteady flows with amplitudes as small as 3–6 $$\upmu$$
μ
m s$$^{-1}$$

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1

. We compare the accuracy of OTV and micro-PTV, and characterize the flow regime for which OTV outperforms micro-PTV. We also demonstrate the robustness of OTV by measuring the unsteady flow created by the cilia of green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and comparing with numerical predictions based on Stokes equations. An open-source implementation of the OTV software in Matlab is available through the 4TU.Centre for Research Data.

Graphic abstract
Gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases: moving from basic science to clinical applications
Authors: Collij Valerie , Klaassen Marjolein A. Y. , Weersma Rinse K. , Vila Arnau Vich 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn recent years, large efforts have been made to unravel the role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastro-intestinal tract. Considering the heterogeneity patients with IBD display in their disease course and response to treatment, there is a big need in translating these findings towards clinical practise. In this perspective article, we discuss strategies to facilitate the transition from basic science on gut microbiota in IBD to clinical applications. We suggest that setting gold standards, improving and increasing the biobanking efforts, and studying other members of the gut microbiota are a necessary step to reveal the exact role of the gut microbiota in IBD. In addition, we discuss the potential of the gut microbiome as a clinical tool for the diagnoses, prediction and/or treatment of the disease. We believe that the growing interest in the gut microbiota will reveal its potential in the management of IBD in a not too distant future.
Current distribution and voltinism of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, in Switzerland and its response to climate change using a high-resolution CLIMEX model
Authors: Stoeckli Sibylle , Felber Raphael , Haye Tim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractClimate change can alter the habitat suitability of invasive species and promote their establishment. The highly polyphagous brown marmorated stinkbug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is native to East Asia and invasive in Europe and North America, damaging a wide variety of fruit and vegetable crops. In Switzerland, crop damage and increasing populations have been observed since 2017 and related to increasing temperatures. We studied the climatic suitability, population growth, and the number of generations under present and future climate conditions for H. halys in Switzerland, using a modified version of the bioclimatic model package CLIMEX. To address the high topographic variability in Switzerland, model simulations were based on climate data of high spatial resolution (approx. 2 km), which significantly increased their explanatory power, and identified many more climatically suitable areas in comparison to previous models. The validation of the CLIMEX model using observational records collected in a citizen science initiative between 2004 and 2019 revealed that more than 15 years after its accidental introduction, H. halys has colonised nearly all bioclimatic suitable areas in Switzerland and there is limited potential for range expansion into new areas under present climate conditions. Simulations with climate change scenarios suggest an extensive range expansion into higher altitudes, an increase in generations per year, an earlier start of H. halys activity in spring and a prolonged period for nymphs to complete development in autumn. A permanent shift from one to two generations per year and the associated population growth of H. halys may result in increasing crop damages in Switzerland. These results highlight the need for monitoring the spread and population development in the north-western part of Switzerland and higher altitudes of the valleys of the south.
Evolution of orbit and clock quality for real-time multi-GNSS solutions
Authors: Kazmierski Kamil , Zajdel Radoslaw , Sośnica Krzysztof 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHigh-quality satellite orbits and clocks are necessary for multi-GNSS precise point positioning and timing. In undifferenced GNSS solutions, the quality of orbit and clock products significantly influences the resulting position accuracy; therefore, for precise positioning in real time, the corrections for orbits and clocks are generated and distributed to users. In this research, we assess the quality and the availability of real-time CNES orbits and clocks for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou-2 separated by satellite blocks and types, as well as the product quality changes over time. We calculate the signal-in-space ranging error (SISRE) as the main orbit and clock quality indicator. Moreover, we employ independent orbit validation based on satellite laser ranging. We found that the most accurate orbits are currently available for GPS. However, Galileo utmost stable atomic clocks compensate for systematic errors in Galileo orbits. As a result, the SISRE for Galileo is lower than that for GPS, equaling 1.6 and 2.3 cm for Galileo and GPS, respectively. The GLONASS satellites, despite the high quality of their orbits, are characterized by poor quality of clocks, and together with BeiDou-2 in medium and geosynchronous inclined orbits, are characterized by SISRE of 4–6 cm. BeiDou-2 in geostationary orbits is characterized by large orbital errors and the lowest availability of real-time orbit and clock corrections due to a large number of satellite maneuvers. The quality of GNSS orbit and clock corrections changes over time and depends on satellite type, block, orbit characteristics, onboard atomic clock, and the sun elevation above the orbital plane.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of free and restrained dried paper: a comprehensive investigation
Authors: Urstöger Georg , Kulachenko Artem , Schennach Robert , Hirn Ulrich 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe influence of strain during drying is known to have a large effect on its mechanical properties like tensile strength, Young’s modulus and hygroexpansion. In this study we investigate free and restrained dried paper and investigate the relation between the paper microstructure and its mechanical properties. The first part of the work investigates the development of the mechanical properties as well as paper internal stresses and strains (elastic-, inelastic- and hygrostrain) at different moisture contents during the drying process. Emphasis is put on the changes of hygrostrains and the paper hygroexpansion coefficient during drying. One main finding was that in constrained drying the drying stresses are considerably below the yield stress and, as a consequence, the deformations are mainly inelastic (creep) and only marginally elastic. In the second part we are analyzing the microstructure of free and restrained dried sheets by X-ray microtomography ($$\mu$$μ-CT). From the$$\mu$$μ-CT analysis relevant network parameters such as number of contact points, fiber bond area, free fiber length and fiber curl were extracted. Also a novel method to investigate the interface angle of the fibers in the vicinity of the bond sites was established. The results showed that the major difference from the drying procedure manifests itself in the out-of-plane curl of the fibers. Statistically number of contact points, bond area and in-plane curl were not different whereas in-plane curl and free fiber length were different. The interface angle appears to be slightly affected by the drying procedure but is overall very low.
A Shape Theorem for a One-Dimensional Growing Particle System with a Bounded Number of Occupants per Site
Authors: Bezborodov Viktor , Di Persio Luca , Krueger Tyll 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe consider a one-dimensional discrete-space birth process with a bounded number of particle per site. Under the assumptions of the finite range of interaction, translation invariance, and non-degeneracy, we prove a shape theorem. We also derive a limit estimate and an exponential estimate on the fluctuations of the position of the rightmost particle.
Mössbauer and Raman characterization of ash produced by burning ancient buried Japanese cedar and investigation for its unusual color tone
Authors: Yamauchi Shigeru , Kurimoto Yasuji , Takayama Tsutomu , Sakai Yoichi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMössbauer and Raman spectroscopic characterization of colored ash samples made by combustion of ancient buried Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) was carried out, and the factors governing the color tones were investigated mainly in terms of the chemical species of Fe. The ash samples displayed various unusual colors, depending clearly on the individual ancient tree and the part of it. Some of Mössbauer spectra of the ash samples showed magnetic hyperfine splittings due to internal magnetic fields. The Mössbauer and Raman spectra suggested that the primary Fe-containing species in all the ash samples was calcium ferrite, Ca2Fe2O5.
Microwave enhanced synthesis of halogenated derivatives of L-tyrosine labeled with deuterium in aromatic ring
Authors: Pająk Małgorzata 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThree halogenated derivatives of L-tyrosine, selectively labeled with deuterium in aromatic ring, i.e., 3′-fluoro-[5′-2H]-, 3′-chloro-[5′-2H]-, and 3′-iodo-[2′,5′-2H2]-L-tyrosine, were synthesized using microwave assisted acid-catalyzed isotope exchange between 3′-fluoro-, 3′-chloro- and 3′-iodo-L-tyrosine and heavy water. The degree of deuterium incorporation was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The spectroscopic data indicate that isotope exchange depends on the method of heating and the power of microwaves. The deuterium enrichment of 3′-fluoro-[5′-2H]- and 3′-chloro-[5′-2H]-L-tyrosine amounted to 70% and 60%, respectively, while for 3′-iodo-[2′,5′-2H2]-L-tyrosine this value was about 50% and 95% for the 2′- and 5′-position. The isotopomers were obtained in good chemical yields of 50–70%.
Comprehensive analytical characteristics of N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1- (cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (ACHMINACA)
Authors: Dybowski Michal P. , Holowinski Piotr , Typek Rafal , Dawidowicz Andrzej L. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to clarify the most essential analytical features of N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamide (one of the newest cannabimimetics called ACHMINACA), to make them useful for analytical identification of this compound.

Methods
The compound was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, high-resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, crystal X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman, and infrared spectroscopies.

Results
Detailed and comprehensive analytical data have been acquired for ACHMINACA.

Conclusions
Although brief descriptions of the partial data of ACHMINACA have appeared recently, this article provides the most detailed and comprehensive analytical data of ACHMINACA to our knowledge. Our data will significantly broaden the knowledge about the compound structure extending the possibility of its orthogonal analysis. The gathered data are useful for forensic, toxicological, and clinical purposes.
High Number of Daily Steps Recorded by Runners Recovering from Bone Stress Injuries
Authors: Toresdahl Brett G. , Nguyen Joseph , Goolsby Marci A. , Drakos Mark C. , Lyman Stephen 
Published: August 2020

Background Bone stress injuries (BSIs) are common among runners for which activity modification is the primary treatment. The clinical utility of measuring activity during recovery has not been evaluated. Questions/Purposes We sought to measure the physical activity of runners recovering from BSIs and determine if activity can be correlated with symptoms. Methods A prospective observational pilot study was performed of runners with a new lower extremity BSI treated non-surgically. For 30 days, activity of runners was measured with a physical activity tracker and daily pain scores were collected. Results We enrolled 18 runners (average age, 33 years; 72% female). Twelve had stress fractures and six had stress reactions. The average daily steps of all runners during the observation period was 10,018 ± 3232, and the runner with the highest daily steps averaged 15,976. There were similar average daily steps in those with stress fractures versus reactions, 10,329 versus 9965, respectively. There was no correlation between daily steps or relative change in daily steps with pain or relative change in pain scores. Conclusion Runners with BSIs averaged over 10,000 steps per day during early recovery. Clinicians may not be aware of the amount of activity runners maintain after being diagnosed with a BSI. Although daily steps and symptoms could not be correlated in this study, objectively measuring activity may assist clinicians in guiding runners recovering from BSIs.
The influence of motor tasks and cut-off parameter selection on artifact subspace reconstruction in EEG recordings
Authors: Anders Phillipp , Müller Helen , Skjæret-Maroni Nina , Vereijken Beatrix , Baumeister Jochen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAdvances in EEG filtering algorithms enable analysis of EEG recorded during motor tasks. Although methods such as artifact subspace reconstruction (ASR) can remove transient artifacts automatically, there is virtually no knowledge about how the vigor of bodily movements affects ASRs performance and optimal cut-off parameter selection process. We compared the ratios of removed and reconstructed EEG recorded during a cognitive task, single-leg stance, and fast walking using ASR with 10 cut-off parameters versus visual inspection. Furthermore, we used the repeatability and dipolarity of independent components to assess their quality and an automatic classification tool to assess the number of brain-related independent components. The cut-off parameter equivalent to the ratio of EEG removed in manual cleaning was strictest for the walking task. The quality index of independent components, calculated using RELICA, reached a maximum plateau for cut-off parameters of 10 and higher across all tasks while dipolarity was largely unaffected. The number of independent components within each task remained constant, regardless of the cut-off parameter used. Surprisingly, ASR performed better in motor tasks compared with non-movement tasks. The quality index seemed to be more sensitive to changes induced by ASR compared to dipolarity. There was no benefit of using cut-off parameters less than 10.
A simple tool to automate the insertion process in cochlear implant surgery
Authors: Rau Thomas S. , Zuniga M. Geraldine , Salcher Rolf , Lenarz Thomas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Automated insertion of electrode arrays (EA) in cochlear implant surgery is presumed to be less traumatic than manual insertions, but no tool is widely available in the operating room. We sought (1) to design and create a simple tool able to automate the EA insertion process; and (2) to perform preliminary evaluations of the designed prototype.

Methods
A first prototype of a tool with maximum simplicity was designed and fabricated to take advantage of hydraulic actuation. The prototype facilitates automated forward motion using a syringe connected to an infusion pump. Initial prototype evaluation included: (1) testing of forward motion at different velocities (2) EA insertion trials into an artificial cochlear model with force recordings, and (3) evaluation of device handling, fixation and positioning using cadaver head specimens and a surgical retractor. Alignment of the tool was explored with CT imaging.

Results
In this initial phase, the prototype demonstrated easy assembly and ability to respond to hydraulic actuation driven by an infusion pump at different velocities. EA insertions at an ultra-slow velocity of 0.03 mm/s revealed smooth force profiles with mean maximum force of 0.060 N ± 0.007 N. Device positioning with an appropriate insertion axis into the cochlea was deemed feasible and easy to achieve.

Conclusions
Initial testing of our hydraulic insertion tool did not reveal any serious complications that contradict the initially defined design specifications. Further meticulous testing is needed to determine the safety of the device, its reliability and clinical applicability.
Interactions of Antibodies to the Gram-Negative Gastric Bacterium Helicobacter pylori with the Synaptic Calcium Sensor Synaptotagmin 5, Correlate to Impaired Vesicle Recycling in SiMa Human Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Kleine Aaron David , Reuss Bernhard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDue to molecular mimicry, maternal antibacterial antibodies are suspected to promote neurodevelopmental changes in the offspring that finally can cause disorders like autism and schizophrenia. Using a human first trimester prenatal brain multiprotein array (MPA), we demonstrate here that antibodies to the digestive tract bacteria Helicobacter pylori (α-HPy) and Campylobacter jejuni (α-CJe) interact with different synaptic proteins, including the calcium sensor synaptotagmin 5 (Syt5). Interactions of both antisera with Syt5 were confirmed by Western blot with a HEK293-cells overexpression lysate of this protein. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting revealed SiMa cells to express Syt5, which also co-migrated with a band/spot labeled by either α-HPy or α-CJe. Functionally, a 12-h pretreatment of SiMa cells with 10 μg/ml of either α-HPy or α-CJe resulted in a significant reduction of acetylcholine(ACh)-dependent calcium signals as compared to controls. Also ACh-dependent vesicle recycling was significantly reduced in cells pretreated with either α-HPy or α-CJe. Similar effects were observed upon pretreatment of SiMa cells with Syt5-specific antibodies. In conclusion, the present study supports the view that prenatal maternal antibacterial immune responses towards HPy and by this to Syt5 are able to cause functional changes, which in the end might contribute also to neurodevelopmental disorders.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The POU2F1/miR-4490/USP22 axis regulates cell proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer
Authors: Xiao Yizhi , Liu Side , Li Jiaying , Dai Weiyu , Tang Weimei , Xiang Li , Zhang Wenjing , Lin Jianjiao , Wang Jing , Wu Xiaosheng , Liu Guangnan , Liu Yuyang , Chen Yaying , Zhu Huiqiong , Wang Yusi , Lin Zhizhao , Yang Qiong , Chen Tianming , Sun Yong , Li Aimin , Xiong Jing , Wang Jide 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Growing evidence indicates that aberrant expression of microRNAs
contributes to tumor development. However, the biological role of microRNA-4490
(miR-4490) in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be clarified.

Methods
To explore the function of miR-4490 in GC, we performed colony
formation, EdU incorporation, qRT-PCR, Western blotting, in situ hybridization
(ISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), flow cytometry, ChIP and dual-luciferase
reporter assays. In addition, the growth, migration and invasion capacities of
GC cells were evaluated.

Results
We found that miR-4490 was significantly downregulated in primary GC
samples and in GC-derived cell lines compared with normal controls, and that
this expression level was negatively correlated with GC malignancy. Exogenous
miR-4490 expression not only reduced cell cycle progression and proliferation,
but also significantly inhibited GC cell migration, invasion and
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that
miR-4490 directly targets USP22, which mediates inhibition of GC cell
proliferation and EMT-induced metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we
found through luciferase and ChIP assays that transcription factor POU2F1 can
directly bind to POU2F1 binding sites within the miR-4490 and USP22 promoters
and, by doing so, modulate their transcription. Spearman’s correlation analysis
revealed a positive correlation between USP22 and POU2F1 expression and negative
correlations between miR-4490 and USP22 as well as miR-4490 and POU2F1
expression in primary GC tissues.

Conclusion
Based on our results we conclude that miR-4490 acts as a tumor
suppressor, and that the POU2F1/miR-4490/USP22 axis plays an important role in
the regulation of growth, invasion and EMT of GC cells.
Economic pulse electrodeposition for flexible CuInSe2 solar cells
Authors: Mandati Sreekanth , Misra Prashant , Boosagulla Divya , Rao Tata Naransinga , Sarada Bulusu V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractElectrodeposition is one of the leading non-vacuum techniques for the fabrication of CuInSe2 (CIS)-based solar cells. In the present work, pulse electrodeposition, an advanced technique, is utilized effectively for CIS absorber preparation devoid of any additives/complexing agents. An economic pulse electrodeposition is employed for the deposition of Cu/In stack followed by selenization to fabricate CIS absorbers on flexible and glass substrates. The approach uses a two-electrode system suitable for large area deposition and utilizes the fundamentals of pulse electrodeposition with appropriate optimization of parameters to obtain smooth Cu/In precursors. The selenized CIS absorbers are of 1 µm thick while possessing copper-poor composition (Cu/In ≈ 0.9) and tetragonal chalcopyrite phase. The fabricated devices have exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 5.2%. The technique can be further improved to obtain low-cost CIS solar cells which are suitable for various small-scale energy applications.
High catalytic activity for formaldehyde oxidation of an interconnected network structure composed of δ-MnO2 nanosheets and γ-MnOOH nanowires
Authors: Tao Ying , Li Rong , Huang Ai-Bin , Ma Yi-Ning , Ji Shi-Dong , Jin Ping , Luo Hong-Jie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAmong the transition metal oxide catalysts, manganese oxides have great potential for formaldehyde (HCHO) oxidation at ambient temperature because of their high activity, nontoxicity, low cost, and polybasic morphologies. In this work, a MnO2-based catalyst (M-MnO2) with an interconnected network structure was successfully synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. The M-MnO2 catalyst was composed of the main catalytic agent, δ-MnO2 nanosheets, dispersed in a nonactive framework material of γ-MnOOH nanowires. The catalytic activity of M-MnO2 for HCHO oxidation at room temperature was much higher than that of the pure δ-MnO2 nanosheets. This is attributed to the special interconnected network structure. The special interconnected network structure has high dispersion and specific surface area, which can provide more surface active oxygen species and higher surface hydroxyl groups to realize rapid decomposition of HCHO.