bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DAYA TAMPUNG BEBAN PENCEMARAN SUNGAI SUMBERTELAK KABUPATEN JEMBER MENGGUNAKAN METODE STREETER-PHELPS
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Novita Elida , Afifah Sayyidatul Nahda 
Published: March 2020

Sungai Sumbertelak merupakan sungai yang terletak di Desa Gebang Timur hinga Desa Kaliwates, Kabupaten Jember. Daerah sekitar aliran Sungai Sumbertelak dekat dengan pemukiman warga dan lahan pertanian sehingga berperan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan air masyarakat sekitar sungai. Kegiatan masyarakat di sekitar sungai seperti mencuci, mandi, dan kegiatan pertanian akan menghasilkan limbah domestik dan limbah pertanian sehingga akan berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kualitas air sungai dan daya tampung beban pencemaran sungai. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menentukan beban pencemaran dan daya tampung beban pencemaran Sungai Sumbertelak menggunakan metode Streeter-Phelps. Pertimbangan yang digunakan pada metode Streeter-Phelps adalah kebutuhan oksigen pada kehidupan air (BOD) untuk mengukur terjadinya pencemaran di badan air dan dihasilkan grafik penurunan oksigen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai laju deoksigenasi Sungai Sumbertelak sebesar 4,14 mg/L.hari, rata-rata nilai laju reaerasi sebesar 19,36 mg/L.hari, rata-rata nilai DO aktual 6,98 mg/L, dan nilai beban pencemaran sisa 17,8 kg/hari. Berdasarkan tingginya nilai laju reaerasi dibandingkan dengan nilai laju deoksigenasi dan terdapat nilai beban pencemaran sisa dapat dinyatakan Sungai Sumbertelak masih dapat menampung beban pencemaran sebesar 30,89 kg/hari.
Kata kunci: Sungai Sumbertelak, beban pencemaran, daya tampung sungai
First Grade Teachers’ Expectations of Children’s Skills in Transition to Primary School
Authors: Fridani Lara 
Published: March 2020

This study investigated first grade primary school teachers’ expectations of children’s skills entering primary school in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. The aim of the study was to provide some reasons or beliefs that form teachers’ expectations regarding children’s competency and learning in their first year of primary school. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach which involved 30 first grade primary school teachers across Jakarta’s regions (Centre, East, West, South, and North). The Focus Group Discussion was used as an instrument that provides a forum for teachers to describe their expectations. The study employed the Ritchie and Spencer’s qualitative analysis framework analysis approach (1994) which involved five key stages: familiarization, identifying a thematic framework, indexing, charting and mapping, and interpretation. The results showed that expected academic skills, teachers’ competency, and educational policy were the key variables that informed teachers’ expectations. The findings of this study have demonstrated that it is crucial to support teachers professional development as their knowledge and expectation may greatly affect the way teachers treat their students.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK STAF DAN TIM KERJA DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT TIPE B TAHUN 2015
Authors: Hayat Nahrul Nahrul 
Published: March 2020

<p><em>Karakteristik staf dan tim kerja yang berbeda-beda dalam menyelesaikan suatu pekerjaan akan mengalami penurunan atau peningkatan kepuasan kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan karakteristik staf dan tim kerja dengan kepuasan kerja. Desian penelitin deskriptif analitik dengn pendekatan cross sectional, teknik pengambilan sampel simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 217 responden. </em><em>Hasil penelitian. </em><em>Karakteristik staf berjenis kelamin perempuan 95%, umur &gt;30 tahun 60%, berpendidikan vokasional 86,43%, dan lama bekerja &gt;5 tahun 67,14%. Tim kerja sebagian besar tidak baik (kerjasama 57,86%, kepercayaan 56,43, dan kekompakan 73,57%) dan 56,42% tidak puas dengan pekerjaan. Analisa Bivariat menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara kerjasama, kepercayaan, kekompakan dengan kepuasan kerja (P &lt; 0,05). Analisa multivariat hubungan yang paling bermakna adalah kekompakan dengan nilai OR 33,678</em><em>. Manajemen Rumah Sakit diharapkan dapat </em><em>menciptakan hubungan interpersonal yang baik dalam tim kerja sehingga tercipta kepuasan kerja yang tinggi.</em><em></em></p><p><em>Staff Characteristics and team work vary in finishing a job to be decreased or increased job satisfaction. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship characteristics of the staff and team work and job satisfaction. Desian research is conducted with less analytic descriptive cross sectional study, the sampling technique is simple random sampling with a sample of 217 respondents. Research result. Characteristics staff 95% female, age&gt; 30 years 60%, 86.43% vocational education, and long working&gt; 5 years 67.14%. Most of the work team is not good (cooperation 57.86%, 56.43 belief, and compactness 73.57%) and 56.42% were not satisfied with the work. Bivariate analysis showed a significant association between co-operation, trust, teamwork and job satisfaction (P &lt;0.05). Multivariate analysis of the most significant relationship is compactness with OR 33.678. Hospital management is expected to create good interpersonal relationships in work teams so as to create job satisfaction is high.</em><em></em></p>
Comparison of Rate of Infection during Hydroxyapatite and Allogenic Bone Graft Used In Jaw Cyst: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mamun Showkat , Haider Ismat Ara , Nasiruddin - , Rahman Tarin , Islam Sheikh Mohammad Jahidul , Diba Farah 
Published: March 2020

Background: Post-operative infection can occur after bone grafting among patietns with jaw cyst.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the rate of infection as postoperative outcomes after hydroxyapatite and allogenic bone graft among jaw cyst patients.
Methodology: This randomized clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2006 to June 2008. Patients presented with radicular and dentigerous cyst and relatively non infected cystic lesion were selected as study population. The study population were divided into two groups designed as Group A treated with with allogenic-bone graft and Group B treated with hydroxyapatite alloplastic material after enucleation of the cystic lesion. The rate of infection was recorded after surgery in both group A and B.
Result: A total number of 28 patients were recruited for this study of which 14 patients were treated with hydroxyapatite crystals bone graft in group A and 14 patients were treated with allogenic bone graft in group B. Post-operative infection was not found in group A and 5(35.7%) in group B (p<0.05). Infection occurred in 1(20.0%) case in one side intact and 4(80.0%) in both side lost. Infection was found in 1(20.0%) case and 4(80.0%) cases in average and poor oral hygiene status respectively.
Conclusion: In conclusion more infection occurs in allogenic bone graft group than the group treated with hydroxyapatite alloplastic material
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2019;6(2):29-33
Clinical Spectrum and Subtype Distribution Lymphoma : A Single Center, Hospital Based Analysis
Authors: Akter Mafruha , Khan Mohiuddin  Ahmed , Nazneen Shahela , Haq Qauzi Smita , Khan Abdullah Al Zubayer 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancy that varies in different subtypes according to geography, age, race and ethnicity. In this study, the different subtype of lymphoma according to WHO lymphoid tumor classification and clinical features of Non Hodgkins lymphoma will be analyzed and discussed at a tertiary care Hematology center.
Objectives: Our aims and objective is to observe and share the single center experience of specifically Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and to contribute in formation of national lymphoma registry in future to enhance the care of potentially curable lymphomas.
Materials and Method: A retrospective analysis of 226 diagnosed lymphoma cases were conducted at DMCH Hematology center from January 2016 to September 2017( total 21 months period). Data were reviewed and analyzed using simple frequency and percentage. Protocol was approved by institutional ethical review board (IRB) of DMCH.
Result: The mean age of NHL is 43 ( 12-90) years with majority of patients were in 31-55 years age group and M:F is 3:1. The mean age of HL is 30 (range 4-60) years without bimodal peak observed. Mixed cellularity classical HL were found higher than nodular sclerosis HL. Majority of NHL were B cell NHL ( 86.25%) and remaining were T cell NHL (13.75%). The most common variant found was aggressive diffuse large B cell lymphoma(DLBCL) (48%), followed by peripheral T cell lymphoma PTCL (~13%) and very aggressive lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) (11%), low grade follicular Lymphoma (11%) and others ( ~17%). 70% NHL had nodal presentation and 30% had extra nodal involvement with GIT and CNS most commonly involved. Extra nodal presentations were more observed in DLBCL and LBL. Majority (75%) of NHL presented at advanced stage with B symptoms observed in 86% and variable IPI score. In DLBCL cell of origin was detected as non-GCB in 25(41%), GCB in 04( 6%) and unclassifiable in 03(5%) cases according to Han’s algorithm, and cell of origin was not detected in remaining cases.
Conclusion: This is a small scale retrospective study, this can lead raising awareness of doing large scale national data registry for various lymphoma patients. The thorough clinical and diagnostic information about lymphoma is necessary for better management and outcome.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 23-28
Potentiality of Underutilized Crop Dioscorea Spp.: A Source of Nutraceutical
Authors: Jahan FN , Rahim MA , Bokhtiar SM , Samanta AK 
Published: March 2020

Good Health and Well-being is one of the important goals in the current decade of twenty first century. The people of current generation prefer the consumption of plant sourced bioactive molecules over the modern medicines because the former has no side effects and residue free. In order to mitigate the food requirement of growing global population during the previous century, the green revolution technologies focused on fewer crops leading to negligence of several important crops; popularly known as underutilized or neglected crops. In the list of underutilized crops, Dioscorea spp. occupies significant niche as it is rich in several phytochemicals and could be grown under multiple stress conditions faced by the modern agricultural practices. Besides, it has been known as prominent member under age old practices of “traditional health care system” to treat several malaises of human being during the early date of civilization. The tubers and bulbils of the Dioscorea spp. are rich in saponins, tannin, flavonoids, sterols, polyphenols, and glycosides in addition to its higher contents of basic essential nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals etc. Further, its tubers are staple food for indigenous people of several Asian and African countries. Therefore, the Dioscorea spp. signifies as an important crop both to the next generation population as well as underprivileged class of people in the coming decade for good health wellbeing and food security.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 1-13 (2019)
Biological Diversity Of Farm Animals In Bangladesh: A Review
Authors: Hamid MA 
Published: March 2020

The present study attempts to examine the scenario of farm animal’s genetic diversity and their distribution pattern in Bangladesh. The major components of farm animals in Bangladesh are cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, chicken and duck which are being raised in a mixed farming system integrated with crop agriculture. The biological diversity most of farm animals is of native origin. Cattle and chicken are the two major species which are being manipulated genetically either through inclusion of exotic blood and/or import of live animals and birds. Buffalo, goat, sheep and duck are also being crossed to some extent with exotic germplasms. Other species like pigeon, quail, and guinea fowl are also available in the country. This paper has also shown the population and list of different breed/type of farm animals available in Bangladesh which helps to meet the public priorities such as, their production and reproduction, their management practices, their survivability etc.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 15-29 (2019)
Management Of Thrips And Pod Borers Using Chemicals, Botanicals And Biopesticides In Mungbean
Authors: Islam KN , Khan MMH , Latif MA , Uddin MM , Islam MM 
Published: March 2020

The experiment was conducted to find out effective control measure against thrips and pod borers of mungbean by various means, including chemicals, botanicals and biopesticide. The mungbean variety, BARI Mung-6 was grown in the field and six treatments viz., T1 [Azadirachtin (Bioneem plus 1EC)], T2 [Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt. powder)], T3 [Spinosad (Tracer 45SC)], T4 [Chlorpyrifos + Cypermethrin (Nitro 505EC)], T5 [Thiamethoxam + Chlorantraniliprole (Voliam flexi 300SC)] and T0 [Untreated control (water spray)] were set in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The insecticidal treatment options showed significantly different performance against thrips (Megalurothrips distalis), gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) and legume pod borer (Maruca vitrata) on mungbean. The lowest population of thrips, gram pod borer and legume pod borer was found in Voliam flexi 300SC treated plot which showed maximum percent reduction of these pests. The lowest percent pod infestation by pod borers observed by the same treatment. Bioneem plus showed the intermediate results considering all the parameters. The maximum yield (1254.50 kg ha-1) and the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) (6.68) were obtained from Voliam flexi 300SC. Considering effectiveness and marginal benefit cost ratio, Voliam flexi 300SC was more effective among treatments for controlling thrips and pod borers of mungbean followed by Nitro 505EC.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 79-91 (2019)
Stress Tolerant Rice And On-Farm Seed Production Ensure Food Security And Livelihood To Small And Marginal Farmers Of Sundarbans (Indian Site)
Authors: Chattopadhyay K , Gayan S , Mondal I , Mishra SK , Mukherjee Ak , Reddy JN , Marndi BC , Sarkar RK 
Published: March 2020

Natural calamities have adverse effects on the life of marginal and small farmer practicing rice cultivation in Sundarban areas. Through discussion and questionnaires opinion of farmers were obtained that was applied to mitigate the problem of rice cultivation. Rice varieties tolerant to stagnant flooding, submergence and salinity had great promise to improve food security and livelihoods of the poor farmers of Sundarban area. The study revealed that small and marginal farmers accepted the new varieties very readily if seeds were produced locally. Informal seed systems had better promise for small and marginal farmers live in fragile ecosystem of Sundarban.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 127-139 (2019)
Prevalence Of Fungal Diseases In Medicinal Plants In Northern Region Of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman MA , Moni ZR , Hussen MA , Ansari TH 
Published: March 2020

A season wise survey was conducted on the fungal diseases of some important cultivated medicinal plants in two consecutive years 2014 and 2015 in the northern region of Bangladesh. Eleven fungal diseases namely root rot (Fusarium solani) and leaf blight (Alternaria alternata) of Ashwagandha, leaf spot (Curvularia lunata) and collar rot (Fusarium oxysporium) of Alovera, powdery mildew (Erysiphe sp.) and root rot (Fusarium oxysporium) of Tulsi, collar rot (Fusarium oxysporium) and leaf spot (Collettotrichum gloeosporioides) of Kalmegh, tuberous rot (Fusarium solani) and stem rot (Fusarium oxysporium) of Satamuli, and root rot (Fusarium solani) of Basak were recorded. Most of the diseases were found in the rainy season’s comparative to other seasons. Among all the above-mentioned diseases, the powdery mildew (Erysiphe sp.) of Tulsi was found mainly in winter season. With the spreading of these fungal diseases on medicinal plants could be a set back to the industry associated with the formulation of its medicinal products. Therefore, this work may encourage other researchers to study these diseases further for development of proper management.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 197-212 (2019)
Farming Practices And Livelihood Status Of Non-Saline And Saline Households In Southern Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin MT , Erskine W , Dhar AR , Shishir MI , Neogi MG 
Published: March 2020

The study examined the farming practices and livelihood status of farm households in seven districts of Southern Bangladesh. Majority of the farmers in non-saline and saline areas followed the cropping pattern of Fallow – Aman rice – Pulses and Fallow – Aman rice – Fallow, respectively. Cropping intensity was higher in non-saline areas (220.0%) compared to saline areas (101.7%). Profitability of major crops was much higher in non-saline areas compared to saline areas. Based on the poverty indicators, the proportion of deprived households was 41.7 and 56.0% in non-saline and saline areas, respectively. The study recommended that in saline areas, rain water reservoirs should be developed in cooperative way and availability of electricity use should be facilitated to use light irrigation pumps in the crop field from the nearest fresh water reservoir. In addition, canal reform should be done and leasing arrangement of water canals should be stopped to get farmers’ access for irrigation purpose. Moreover, salt-tolerant and short duration pulse and wheat should be introduced in order to improve livelihood of saline farm households in Bangladesh.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 227-238 (2019)
Assessment Of The Dairy Animal Feeding System Of Western Nepal: A Synthesis Of Focus Group Discussions
Authors: Paudel TP , Pokharel BR , Shrestha BS 
Published: March 2020

Livestock, the dairy sector in particular, has traditionally contributed to the Nepalese economy and livelihoods even though vegetarian centered food habits predominate. Despite a long chain of observations, discussions, and interventions, this sector has not realized substantial improvement. An International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) developed tool, Feed Assessment Tool (FEAST), has been deployed to precisely analyze the livestock feeding system in the Kapilvastu, Palpa and Arghakhachi districts of Nepal. A large proportion of the populations, especially the youth segment, have migrated, and as a result the area under agricultural production is ever decreasing. The typical crop production pattern does not reflect any dominance of fodder crops, which limits the availability of feed and posesa serious threat to the expansion of commercial dairy enterprises. Additional barriers to increased productivity include a limited supply of labor, competition for resources (i.e. labor, land) with rice production and the significant number of indigenous dairy animals in the national herd. Policy barriers that include unaffordable credit, limited access to inputs and inadequate government support further hinder potential growth of the dairy sector of this region. A dairy focused program to utilize the land and other resources to commercialize the dairy sector in order to tap the potential of this geography could be the only alternative to contribute toward meeting the national objective of making the country self-sufficient in milk and its products by 2020.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 253-266 (2019)
Farmers’ Fertilizer Application Gap In Ricebased Cropping System: A Case Studyof Nepal
Authors: Baral BR , Pande KR , Gaihr YK , Baral KR , Sah Sk , Thapa YB 
Published: March 2020

Low adoption of improved agricultural practices is one of the major challenges to improve food security. A case study was carried out to assist the farmer’s fertilizer application gap in rice cultivation in Nepal. To collect data a household survey was conducted in 2017 by selecting 90 households randomly from rice growing pocket area of Banke district of Nepal. The rates of fertilizers use were assessed in relation to farm size, crop variety, irrigation etc. The applications of both organic and mineral fertilizers vary highly by farmer type. Small and medium farmers applied twice the amount of organic manure compared to large farmers. For inorganic fertilizer use, large farmers applied higher amounts of nitrogen (N) fertilizer compared to medium and small farmers. Across farmer types, a higher amount of N and P fertilizers was used for hybrid varieties than inbred varieties and in irrigated fields than in rainfed fields. The use of potassium (K) fertilizer was low and not affected by farmer type or variety. Overall, farmers used a lower amount of N and K and a higher amount of P than the recommendation. The imbalanced use of fertilizers was associated with poor access to agricultural extension services. Variations of fertilizer use among farmers and the role of extension in the adoption of improved practices are still underresearched, and hence this study exposes the need to investigate indepth knowledge, determinants of fertilizer use and role of extension education. Results from this study could be important to develop an innovative extension program using multiple channels to increase farmers’ access to and awareness regarding balanced use of fertilizers to increase soil fertility and crop productivity.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 267-277 (2019)
Being for no-one
Authors: Letheby Chris 
Published: March 2020

Can there be phenomenal consciousness without self-consciousness? Strong intuitions and prominent theories of consciousness say “no”: experience requires minimal self-awareness, or “subjectivity”. This “subjectivity principle” (SP) faces apparent counterexamples in the form of anomalous mental states claimed to lack self-consciousness entirely, such as “inserted thoughts” in schizophrenia and certain mental states in depersonalization disorder (DPD). However, Billon & Kriegel (2015) have defended SP by arguing (inter alia) that while some of these mental states may be totally selfless, those states are not phenomenally conscious and thus do not constitute genuine counterexamples to SP.
I argue that this defence cannot work in relation to certain experiences of ego dissolution induced by potent fast-acting serotonergic psychedelics. These mental states jointly instantiate the two features whose co-instantiation by a single mental state SP prohibits: (a) phenomenal consciousness and (b) total lack of self-consciousness.
One possible objection is that these mental states may lack “me-ness” and “mineness” but cannot lack “for-me-ness”, a special inner awareness of mental states by the self. In response I propose a dilemma. For-me-ness can be defined either as containing a genuinely experiential component or as not. On the first horn, for-me-ness is clearly absent (I argue) from my counterexamples. On the second horn, for-me-ness has been defined in a way that conflicts with the claims and methods of its proponents, and the claim that phenomenally conscious mental states can totally lack self-consciousness has been conceded. I conclude with some reflections on the intuitive plausibility of SP in light of evidence from altered states.