bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal Osteoarthritis Is Associated With Stature Loss Independently of Incident Vertebral Fracture in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Nakano Masaki , Nakamura Yukio , Suzuki Takako , Takahashi Jun , Shiraki Masataka 
Published: August 2020

Study Design.
Retrospective observational study from the Nagano Cohort Study.

Objective.
Clarify the association between spinal osteoarthritis and loss of stature in postmenopausal women.

Summary of Background Data.
Loss of stature with aging is known to deteriorate health-related quality of life and has been implicated with increased mortality. Although the association of vertebral fracture with height loss has been well documented, the relationship between stature loss and spinal osteoarthritis remains unclear.

Methods.
We retrospectively investigated Japanese postmenopausal women recruited from the Nagano Cohort Study. The participants were outpatients at a primary care institute in Nagano prefecture, Japan. A total of 977 postmenopausal patients (mean age: 65.8 yr) completed a minimum of 1 year of follow-up, with an average observation period of 7.6 years. Quartile analysis on the prevalence of spinal osteoarthritis and occurrence of incident fracture was performed based on the rate of stature change per year (Δ cm/yr). Multiple regression analysis was also conducted to identify the determinants of stature change.

Results.
The lower quartiles of stature change rate (i.e., more rapid stature loss) displayed a significantly higher prevalence of spinal osteoarthritis (P < 0.001) and incident vertebral fracture (P < 0.001). A statistically significant independent negative association for spinal osteoarthritis prevalence with change in stature was revealed by multiple regression analysis after adjusting for confounders including incident vertebral fracture. The partial regression coefficient for spinal osteoarthritis was −0.18 (95% confidence interval −0.33 to −0.03; P = 0.016).

Conclusion.
This study demonstrated an independent association of spinal osteoarthritis with stature loss in postmenopausal women. Adequate understanding of this relationship and appropriate treatment approaches will help improve health-related quality of life in elderly patients.

Level of Evidence: 3
Management of Metastatic Pure Teratoma in Chemotherapy Naive Patients With Testicular Primaries
Authors: Cary Clint , Kern Sean Q. , Jacob Joseph M. , Calaway Adam C. , Foster Richard S. , Einhorn Lawrence H. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction:
Patients diagnosed with stage II nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) often receive chemotherapy as primary treatment which exposes patients to immediate and long-term risks of chemotherapy. These risks can be avoided by proceeding to primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) when a high suspicion of pure metastatic teratoma in the retroperitoneum (RP) exists. We propose that all stage II NSGCT patients with pure testicular teratoma, normal serum tumor markers, and with RP cystic metastases on imaging can safely be treated with primary RPLND.

Methods:
We identified 14 patients found to have 100% teratoma in orchiectomy specimens, negative serum tumor markers, and with metastatic cystic RP disease. Disease recurrence was also evaluated to establish efficacy of treatment.

Results:
All 14 patients were chemotherapy naive and found to have pure metastatic teratoma. All patients were IGCCCG good risk with stage IIA (21.4%), IIB (35.7%), and IIC (42.9%) disease. Median RP mass size was 4.9 cm (1.8 to 24 cm). All patients underwent a RPLND finding 100% teratoma in the RP. Median follow-up was 6.9 years. One patient (7.1%) who received a right modified template RPLND relapsed in the left RP 10.2 years later who underwent treatment and has been disease free for over 5.5 years.

Conclusions:
Primary surgical treatment in this cohort of pure metastatic teratoma resulted in good clinical outcomes and the ability to avoid unnecessary induction chemotherapy. It is important that contrary to previous suppositions, patients with pure teratoma of the testis can independently metastasize with teratoma only, without metastatic carcinoma.
Meta-analysis of Postoperative Mortality and Morbidity After Total Abdominal Colectomy Versus Loop Ileostomy With Colonic Lavage for Fulminant Clostridium Difficile Colitis
Authors: Felsenreich Daniel Moritz , Gachabayov Mahir , Rojas Aram , Latifi Rifat , Bergamaschi Roberto 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND:
Emergency surgery is often required for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis. Total abdominal colectomy has been the treatment of choice despite high morbidity and mortality.

OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate postoperative mortality and morbidity after total abdominal colectomy and loop ileostomy with colonic lavage in patients with fulminant C difficile colitis.

DATA SOURCES:
Studies comparing total abdominal colectomy to loop ileostomy for fulminant C difficile colitis were identified by a systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and CINAHL.

STUDY SELECTION:
Relevant records were detected and screened using a cascade system (title, abstract, and/or full text article).

INTERVENTION(S):
Total abdominal colectomy (rectal-sparing resection of the entire colon with end ileostomy) was compared to loop ileostomy (exteriorization of an ileal loop not far from the ileocecal junction for colonic lavage).

MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES:
This meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidelines. Primary outcome was postoperative mortality, defined as death occurring within 30 days after the intervention. Secondary end points were the rates of ostomy reversal, deep venous thrombosis/embolism, surgical site infection, urinary tract infection, respiratory complications, reoperations, and adverse events. Mantel–Haenszel method with random-effects model was used for meta-analysis.

RESULTS:
Five observational studies (3 cohort and 2 database analysis studies) totaling 3683 patients were included. Postoperative mortality rate was 31.3% after total abdominal colectomy and 26.2% after loop ileostomy (OR = 1.36 (95% CI, 0.83–2.24); p = 0.22; number needed to treat/harm = 20; I
2 = 55%). Ostomy reversal rate was both statistically and clinically significantly higher after loop ileostomy as compared with total abdominal colectomy (80% vs 25%; OR = 0.08 (95% CI, 0.02–0.30); p = 0.002; number needed to treat/harm = 2) with low heterogeneity (I
2 = 0%).

LIMITATIONS:
A limitation is the observational nature of the included studies introducing an overall high risk of selection bias.

CONCLUSIONS:
This meta-analysis suggests that loop ileostomy with colonic lavage for fulminant C difficile colitis may be associated with similar survival and decreased surgical site infection rates as compared with total abdominal colectomy. Although loop ileostomy with colonic lavage was associated with higher ostomy reversal rates, this finding was based on the data from only 2 studies.
Light and Laser Treatments for Keratosis Pilaris: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kechichian Elio , Jabbour Samer , El Hachem Lena , Tomb Roland , Helou Josiane 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
Keratosis pilaris (KP) is a common hereditary keratinization disorder. Keratosis pilaris rubra and KP atrophicans faciei are less frequent variants of the disease. Topical treatments often yield ineffective and temporary results.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this article is to review and assess all the studies that used light and laser devices to treat KP and its variants.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
On January 15, 2017, an online search of the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases was performed using the following combination of keywords: “keratosis pilaris” and “treatment.”

RESULTS
Seventeen studies related to light and laser treatments were retained for analysis. The total number of treated patients was 175. Of which, 22 patients had KP atrophicans faciei, 17 patients had KP rubra, and 136 patients had KP.

CONCLUSION
Light and laser devices have been emerging as promising therapeutic options for a disfiguring disease that still lacks, until today, an effective long-term treatment.
To Tie or Not to Tie-Over Full-Thickness Skin Grafts in Dermatologic Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Marsidi Nick , Boteva Kristin , Vermeulen Sofieke A.M. , van Kester Marloes S. , Genders Roel E. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
Tie-over dressings are frequently used for skin grafts. Although a dressing is necessary for split-thickness skin grafts, their use in full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) is questionable.

OBJECTIVE
This review was conducted to investigate the influence of different tie overs and dressings on graft take for FTSGs in cutaneous surgery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic database search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library. The following search terms and comparable were used: skin transplantation, tie-over, fixation, sutures, and take.

RESULTS
Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies describe no use of a tie-over dressing for FTSGs. Dressing types included antibacterial dressings, foam or sponges, and bolsters. The lowest graft take was 80% (with a tie-over dressing). The highest graft take was 100% (with and without a tie-over dressing).

CONCLUSION
The results show that, regardless of the technique used, the overall graft success rate is high. Although a definite recommendation could not be made, it seems that a graft without a tie-over dressing can suffice in certain circumstances.
Modified Buried Vertical Mattress Suture Versus Buried Intradermal Suture: A Prospective Split-Scar Study
Authors: Liu Zonghui , Tang Zhishui , Hao Xiaoyan , Liu Xiangyu , He Lin , Yu Xueyuan , Wang Rui , He Youcheng , Guo Yuan , Shu Maoguo 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
The modified buried vertical mattress suture (MBVMS) is believed to provide excellent outcomes by relieving the tension on wound edges. However, clinical data on the topic remain sparse and inadequate.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the cosmetic results of the MBVMS and the buried intradermal suture (BIS) in chest wounds using a split-scar model.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty patients participated in the study. One randomly selected half of each chest wound was closed with the MBVMS; the other half was closed with the BIS. Immediately, postoperatively, the maximum degree of wound eversion was obtained. After 3 months, the wound complication rates were recorded, and the aesthetic appearance of each scar was evaluated by the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS), the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), the visual analog scale (VAS), and scar width.

RESULTS
The MBVMS yielded a greater mean postoperative eversion height and width (p < .05); lower POSAS, VSS, and VAS scores (p < .05); and a narrower scar width (p < .05) than did the BIS.

CONCLUSION
Compared with the BIS, the MBVMS provided significantly increased wound eversion immediately, postoperatively, and improved aesthetic outcomes at the end of the 3-month follow-up period.
Nail Unit Melanoma In Situ Treated With Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Matsumoto Andrew , Strickland Nicole , Nijhawan Rajiv I. , Srivastava Divya 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is under used in the treatment of nail unit melanoma in situ (MIS), with limited studies in the literature.

OBJECTIVE
Report clinical outcomes for nail unit MIS using MMS with melanoma antigen recognized by T cells-1 (MART-1) immunostaining.

METHODS
A retrospective observational study at a single academic institution of patients with a diagnosis of nail unit MIS treated with MMS with MART-1 immunostaining from January 1, 2006, to December 30, 2016. The primary outcome measure was the recurrence rate after MMS.

RESULTS
Fourteen patients were identified. With an average follow-up of 6.0 years (71.6 months; range = 5–139 months), 1 patient developed recurrence 6.6 years after undergoing initial MMS, requiring amputation with no further treatment or recurrence thereafter.

CONCLUSION
Mohs micrographic surgery for nail unit MIS offers a high cure rate similar to other surgical modalities and can reduce the need for digital amputation. The evolution of the Mohs technique over time, namely, using MART-1 immunostaining, has led to improvement in treatment outcomes. Performing complete nail unit excision with nail plate remaining intact attached to the nail bed may also contribute to improved outcomes. Further refinement in technique and more data are necessary to continue to advance this treatment.
Skewed Distribution of Medical Spas and Aesthetic Physician Practices: A Cross-Sectional Market Analysis
Authors: Wang Jordan V. , Albornoz Christian A. , Noell Claire , Friedman Paul M. , Zachary Christopher B. , Saedi Nazanin 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND
Medical spas have experienced a recent rise in popularity by consumers. Their regulations vary from state to state, especially concerning oversight and credentialing. A majority of aesthetic physicians were shown to have a medical spa within 5 minutes of their workplace.

OBJECTIVE
Our study investigated the current market distribution of medical spas and physician practices in the aesthetic field.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
For the 30 most populous cities, data were collected for medical spas and aesthetic physicians. Descriptive ratios were calculated, and various local factors were examined.

RESULTS
The cities with the greatest number of medical spas were New York (374), Houston (297), and Los Angeles (227). The cities with the greatest number of aesthetic physicians were New York (365), Houston (135), and Chicago (122). Population size had significant relationships with number of medical spas (p < .000001) and aesthetic physicians (p < .000001). For ratio of medical spas to aesthetic physicians, the top cities were Las Vegas (9.17), Denver (3.86), and San Jose (3.65). In total, 73.3% of cities had more medical spas than aesthetic physicians.

CONCLUSION
Certain cities have experienced an unequal distribution of medical spas. Further research should examine how this affects consumer decision-making for the selection of practice settings.
AUTOFLUORESCENCE AND YELLOWING SUBHYALOID BLOOD WITH PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
Authors: Bloom Steven M. , Spaide Richard F. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
To present a patient with a subhyaloid hemorrhage from proliferative diabetic retinopathy who showed a unique contrast between the fundus autofluorescent patterns of yellow with red blood.

Methods:
Analysis of color and autofluorescence fundus photographs of a patient with an aging subhyaloid hemorrhage.

Results:
The remnants of a resorbing subhyaloid hemorrhage had two layers, a superior yellow portion that was intensely hyperautofluorescent and an inferior relatively hypoautofluorescent red portion. We argue that the yellow appearance of the devitalized blood and fluorophores imaged are related to free-base porphyrins.

Conclusion:
Fundus autofluorescence is a useful modality to image subhyaloid blood and may lend important insights into the fluorophores that hyperfluoresce. The blood breakdown products are potentially toxic and autofluorescence imaging may offer clues to their presence.
Efficacy and safety of sotagliflozin adjuvant therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chen Mao-Bing , Xu Rui-Jun , Zheng Qi-Han , Zheng Xu-Wen , Wang Hua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of sotagliflozin (SOTA) adjuvant therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).

Methods:
Through April 2019, the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were electronically searched to identify randomized controlled trials exploring SOTA adjuvant therapy for T1DM. Strict screening and quality evaluations of the obtained literature were performed independently by 2 researchers. Outcome indexes were extracted, and a meta-analysis of the data was performed using Revman 5.3 software.

Results:
A total of 7 randomized controlled trials were included. The meta-analysis results showed that compared with the patients in the placebo group, the patients in the SOTA group had a lower hemoglobin A1c (mean difference [MD] = −0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.34, −0.22], P < .01), lower total daily insulin use (MD = −8.89, 95% CI [−11.64, −6.13], P < .01), faster weight loss (MD = −3.03, 95% CI [−3.79, −2.26], P < .01), better fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose control (MD = −0.75, 95% CI [−1.04, −0.45], P < .01; MD = −2.42, 95% CI [−3.17, −1.67], P < .01), and a higher rate of well-controlled glucose levels (relative risk = 1.75, 95% CI [1.55, 1.99], P < .01), while no significant difference in the incidence of severe hypoglycemic events was found between the SOTA and placebo groups (risk difference [RD] = −0.01, 95% CI [−0.02, 0.00], P = .13). The incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis was higher in the SOTA group than in the placebo group (RD = 0.03, 95% CI [0.02, 0.04], P < .01). The incidence of genital mycotic infection was higher in the SOTA group than in the placebo group (RD = 0.06, 95% CI [0.05, 0.08], P < .01). No significant difference in the incidence of urinary tract infections was detected between the SOTA group and the placebo group (RD = 0.00, 95% CI [−0.01, 0.01], P = 0.97).

Conclusions:
SOTA is a potential drug for the treatment of T1DM and is effective for controlling blood sugar. The main adverse reactions to SOTA are genital mycotic infections and diabetic ketoacidosis. We must further assess the severity of diabetic ketoacidosis caused by SOTA.
Vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of type 2 diabetic microangiopathy
Authors: Chen Junmin , Gong Xiayu , Liu Jie , Wang Tingting , Shi Xiaoyan , Zhang Xiaoran , Chen Qiu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
The number of people with diabetes is growing exponentially.Human studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation is beneficial for type 2 diabetic microangiopathy. However, owing to the low quality, small sample size, and methodological heterogeneity of these studies, this conclusion is not convincing. Consequently, in order to determine whether vitamin D supplementation is effective and safe in type 2 diabetic microangiopathy, it is necessary to conduct a meta-analysis of high-quality clinical trials.

Methods:
We will search each database from the built-in until March 2020. The English literature mainly searches Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, while the Chinese literature comes from CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wangfang database. Simultaneously we will retrieval clinical registration tests and grey literatures. In this study, only the clinical randomized controlled trials were selected to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin D in the treatment of type 2 diabetic microangiopathy. The two researchers independently conducted literature selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Statistical heterogeneity among studies will be evaluated using the Cochran Q test (x2) and the I2 statistical value. We will utilize the Review Manage software V5.3.0 (The Nordic Cochrane Center, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark) to statistically analyze all data.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethics and dissemination: This study is a systematic review of vitamin D supplementation as a treatment of type 2 diabetic microangiopathy.

Results:
This study will provide high-quality synthesis of effectiveness and safety of vitamin D supplementation for type 2 diabetic microangiopathy.

Conclusion:
This systematic review aims to provide new options for vitamin D treatment of type 2 diabetic microangiopathy in terms of its efficacy and safety.

Registration number:
LNPLASY202050055
The prophylactic effects of vitamin K supplementation on coagulopathies associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mokgalaboni Kabelo , Dludla Phiwayinkosi V. , Nkambule Bongani B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
The impact of vitamin K in ameliorating diabetes-associated complications, especially those linked with platelet activation and coagulation remains unclear. The current study aims to systematically explore and discuss the available evidence on the impact of vitamin K on the diabetes-cardiovascular disease (CVD)-associated complications.

Methods:
A systematic review of studies published on the MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and Google Scholar electronic database will be conducted. The review will include studies published from inception until May 25, 2020, reporting on the effect of vitamin K on CVD-related markers, especially coagulation factors and platelet activation in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Before the full-text screening, all studies will be screened by title, abstract, and keywords. The Downs and Black checklist will be used to assess the quality of the studies. Additionally, the Cochrane collaboration tool will also be used to evaluate the risk of bias across the included studies. Kappa Cohen's calculator will be used to assess the level of agreement between the authors.

Discussions:
This systematic review will not require ethical approval, and the results will be distributed through conference and peer-reviewed publications. Our results will assist current and future research scientists on the potential use of vitamin K as a protective therapy against CVD-related complications.

Systematic review registration:
This protocol is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration number: CRD42020151667.
Hypoplastic coronary arteries in a child with a mutation in Notch1
Authors: Shi Xiaoqing , Liu Jianxin , Wu Jinlin , Hua Yimin , Zhou Kaiyu , Li Yifei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Coronary artery abnormalities are usually of major significance in clinical cardiology and cardiac surgery departments due to associated myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Among them, anatomical malformations account for most coronary artery abnormalities. However, hypoplasia of the coronary artery is a rare type of coronary artery without any genetic screening information.

Patient concerns:
A 10-year-old boy suffered severe chest pain, and a subsequent syncope occurred.

Diagnosis and intervention:
The boy complained of significant chest pain with syncope. Computerized tomography (CT) angiography scanning showed that the left coronary artery was dominated by abnormal origins and dramatically narrow artery lesions. Moreover, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed myocardial ischemia. Cardiac catheterization confirmed that this was an extremely rare hypoplastic coronary case. Finally, a mutation was identified in NOTCH1 c.1023C>A for the first time.

Outcomes:
The boy was discharged after completing all examinations and was forbidden to play any kind of sport activity while waiting for heart transplantation.

Lessons:
Hypoplastic coronary artery diseases have only been reported within very limited cases. This is the only report that has identified hypoplasia in 3 epicardial major coronary arteries. In addition, this is the first case to provide evidence between NOTCH1 genetic disorder and hypoplastic coronary artery disease in the clinic.