bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fostering team innovation and learning by means of team‐centric transformational leadership: The role of teamwork quality
Authors: Klaic Anamarija , Burtscher Michael Josef , Jonas Klaus 
Published: June 2020

Team innovation is an important factor for organizational effectiveness. However, fostering innovation in teams remains a major challenge for team leaders. In particular, we still have an incomplete understanding of (1) the effects of team‐centric leadership and (2) the role of teamwork for the relationship between leadership and innovation and learning. Integrating team‐centric transformational leadership and the teamwork quality (TWQ) model with frameworks for team innovation, the current study addresses this issue. Specifically, we investigated TWQ as a team‐level mediator of the relationship between team‐centric transformational leadership, team innovation, and individual members’ learning. We tested our hypotheses using lagged, multi‐source data from a sample of 79 scientific teams. Our findings show that team‐centric transformational leadership is positively related to both team innovation and individual members' learning. Furthermore, the positive relationship between team‐centric transformational leadership and learning is mediated by specific aspects of TWQ. Our study helps to clarify the processes underlying the effects of team‐centric leadership on innovation and learning.Practitioner points

Innovation and learning are crucial drivers of success in organizations in knowledge‐intensive industries such as science. Transformational leadership is a key factor for enhancing innovation and learning in scientific teams.

By engaging in team‐centric transformational leadership behaviours including emphasizing group identity, communicating a group vision, and fostering team‐building, scientific team leaders can improve innovation and learning

However, leaders of scientific teams should also be aware of potential negative effects of high team cohesion on team innovation, because it may undermine divergent thinking and critical discussions in teams.
Pooled analysis of the efficacy and safety of intraoperative dexmedetomidine on postoperative catheter‐related bladder discomfort
Authors: Shi Hongbin , Zhang Huaping , Pan Weizhong , Lu Youyi , Zhang Yong , Chen Linjing , Wei Chunxiao , Cui Yuanshan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe goal of the pooled analysis was to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of intraoperative dexmedetomidine in postoperative catheter‐related bladder discomfort (CRBD).MethodsMEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) were used to pick out randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used intraoperative dexmedetomidine in postoperative CRBD. This study was carried out using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and pooled analysis. We used RevMan version 5.3.0. to analyze the data.ResultsSeven RCTs involving 607 patients were brought into in the analysis. The incidence of CRBD and the incidence of moderate to severe CRBD were assessed at 0 hours, 0.5 or 1 hour, 2 or 3 hours, 6 hours, and 12 or 24 hours postoperatively. The analysis proved that both the incidence of CRBD (P < .00001) and the incidence of moderate to severe CRBD had a statistically significant reduction at 0 hours, 0.5 or 1 hours, 2 or 3 hours, and 6 hours postoperatively (P < .00001, P <.00001, P <.00001, P = .003, respectively). The postoperative pain score was lower in the dexmedetomidine group at 0 hours (P < .00001) and 1 hour (P = .002). Safety assessments indicated that there were no statistical differences between dexmedetomidine and control for side effects, mainly including dry mouth (P = .99) and postoperative vomiting and nausea (P = .77).ConclusionsThe pooled analysis demonstrates that intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration decreases the rate and severity of early postoperative CRBD without causing significant side effects.
Patterns of environmental variability influence coral‐associated bacterial and algal communities on the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef
Authors: Speare Lauren , Davies Sarah W. , Balmonte John P. , Baumann Justin , Castillo Karl D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA coral's capacity to alter its microbial symbionts may enhance its fitness in the face of climate change. Recent work predicts exposure to high environmental variability may increase coral resilience and adaptability to future climate conditions. However, how this heightened environmental variability impacts coral‐associated microbial communities remains largely unexplored. Here, we examined the bacterial and algal symbionts associated with two coral species of the genus Siderastrea with distinct life history strategies from three reef sites on the Belize Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System with low or high environmental variability. Our results reveal bacterial community structure, as well as alpha‐ and beta‐diversity patterns, vary by host species. Differences in bacterial communities between host species were partially explained by high abundance of Deltaproteobacteria and Rhodospirillales and high bacterial diversity in Siderastrea radians. Our findings also suggest Siderastrea spp. have dynamic core bacterial communities that likely drive differences observed in the entire bacterial community, which may play a critical role in rapid acclimatization to environmental change. Unlike the bacterial community, Symbiodiniaceae composition was only distinct between host species at high thermal variability sites, suggesting that different factors shape bacterial versus algal communities within the coral holobiont. Our findings shed light on how domain‐specific shifts in dynamic microbiomes may allow for unique methods of enhanced host fitness.
N‐terminal heterogeneity of parenchymal and vascular amyloid‐β deposits in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zampar S. , Klafki H. W. , Sritharen K. , Bayer T. A. , Wiltfang J. , Rostagno A. , Ghiso J. , Miles L. A. , Wirths O. 
Published: June 2020

AimsThe deposition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptides in the form of extracellular plaques in the brain represents one of the classical hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In addition to ‘full‐length’ Aβ starting with aspartic acid (Asp‐1), considerable amounts of various shorter, N‐terminally truncated Aβ peptides have been identified by mass spectrometry in autopsy samples from individuals with AD.MethodsSelectivity of several antibodies detecting full‐length, total or N‐terminally truncated Aβ species has been characterized with capillary isoelectric focusing assays using a set of synthetic Aβ peptides comprising different N‐termini. We further assessed the N‐terminal heterogeneity of extracellular and vascular Aβ peptide deposits in the human brain by performing immunohistochemical analyses using sporadic AD cases with antibodies targeting different N‐terminal residues, including the biosimilar antibodies Bapineuzumab and Crenezumab.ResultsWhile antibodies selectively recognizing Aβ1–x showed a much weaker staining of extracellular plaques and tended to accentuate cerebrovascular amyloid deposits, antibodies detecting Aβ starting with phenylalanine at position 4 of the Aβ sequence showed abundant amyloid plaque immunoreactivity in the brain parenchyma. The biosimilar antibody Bapineuzumab recognized Aβ starting at Asp‐1 and demonstrated abundant immunoreactivity in AD brains.DiscussionIn contrast to other studied Aβ1–x‐specific antibodies, Bapineuzumab displayed stronger immunoreactivity on fixed tissue samples than with sodium dodecyl sulfate‐denatured samples on Western blots. This suggests conformational preferences of this antibody. The diverse composition of plaques and vascular deposits stresses the importance of understanding the roles of various Aβ variants during disease development and progression in order to generate appropriate target‐developed therapies.
Health state utilities for economic evaluation of bariatric surgery: A comprehensive systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Xia Qing , Campbell Julie A. , Ahmad Hasnat , Si Lei , de Graaff Barbara , Otahal Petr , Palmer Andrew J. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryHealth state utilities (HSUs) are health economic metrics that capture and assess health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). They are essential in health‐economic evaluations when calculating quality‐adjusted life years. We investigated published studies reporting bariatric surgery‐related HSUs elicited through direct or indirect (multiattribute utility instrument [MAUI]) patient‐reported methods (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019131725). Mean HSUs for different time points and HSU changes over time (where feasible) were meta‐analysed using random‐effects models. Of the 950 potentially relevant identified studies,n= 28 (2004–2018) qualified for data extraction, withn= 85 unique HSUs elicited mainly from the EQ‐5D (88%). Most (75%) studies were published after 2013. The follow‐up duration varied between studies and was often limited to 12 months. The pooled mean HSU was 0.72 (0.67–0.76) at baseline/presurgery (n= 18) and 0.84 (0.79–0.89) one‐year postsurgery (n= 11), indicating a 0.11 (0.09–0.14) utility unit increment. EQ‐5D showed the similar results. This positive difference can be partially explained by BMI and/or co‐morbidities status improvement. This study provides a valuable summary of HSUs to future bariatric surgery‐related cost‐utility models. However, more well‐designed higher‐quality bariatric‐related HSU studies are expected for future reviews to improve the available evidence. We suggest that researchers select an MAUI that is preferentially sensitive to the study population.
Natural variation of photosynthetic efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana accessions under low temperature conditions
Authors: Prinzenberg Aina E. , Campos‐Dominguez Lucia , Kruijer Willem , Harbinson Jeremy , Aarts Mark G. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLow, but non‐freezing, temperatures have negative effects on plant growth and development. Despite some molecular signalling pathways being known, the mechanisms causing different responses among genotypes are still poorly understood. Photosynthesis is one of the processes that are affected by low temperatures. Using an automated phenotyping platform for chlorophyll fluorescence imaging the steady state quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) electron transport (ΦPSII) was measured and used to quantify the effect of moderately low temperature on a population of Arabidopsis thaliana natural accessions. Observations were made over the course of several weeks in standard and low temperature conditions and a strong decrease in ΦPSII upon the cold treatment was found. A genome wide association study identified several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that are associated with changes in ΦPSII in low temperature. One candidate for a cold specific QTL was validated with a mutant analysis to be one of the genes that is likely involved in the PSII response to the cold treatment. The gene encodes the PSII associated protein PSB27 which has already been implicated in the adaptation to fluctuating light.
Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease after non‐kidney solid organ transplantation
Authors: Menon Shina , Pollack Ari H. , Sullivan Erin , Murphy Tasha , Smith Jodi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSOT is the treatment of choice for end‐stage organ disease. Improved long‐term survival after NKSOT has uncovered chronic morbidity including CKD. AKI is common after NKSOT and may be associated with long‐term CKD.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study looking at AKI and CKD after pediatric heart (n = 109) or liver (n = 112) transplant. AKI was defined using KDIGO creatinine‐based criteria. pAKI was AKI ≤ 7 days post‐transplant; CKD3‐5 was eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 by modified Schwartz formula for > 3 months. We looked at the incidence of CKD3‐5 and the effect of perioperative pAKI on the slope of eGFR post‐transplant.ResultspAKI was seen in 63% (n = 69) after heart and 38% (n = 43) after liver transplant. pAKI was associated with longer ICU and hospital stays. Cumulative incidence (95% CI) of CKD3‐5 at 60 months post‐heart transplant was 40.9% (27.9%‐57.1%) in patients with AKI vs 35.8% (17.1%‐64.8%) in those without (P = NS). Post‐liver transplant, the cumulative incidence of CKD3‐5 at 60 months was 0% in those without pAKI vs 10% (3.2%‐29.3%) in those with (P = .01). Patients with pAKI had lower eGFR at last follow‐up.ConclusionpAKI and CKD are common after NKSOT. Incidence of CKD is higher in those with pAKI. AKI episodes are associated with a drop in eGFR during follow‐up. Identifying patients who have had AKI is an important first step in identifying those at risk of repeated AKI episodes. These patients would benefit from closer monitoring for CKD, lower nephrotoxic drug use, and follow‐up with nephrology.
LGBT youth in foster care and the critical advocacy role of Public Health Nurses
Authors: Carabez Rebecca , Kim Jung Eun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe the role of public health nurses working with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) children in foster care in the San Francisco Bay Area.BackgroundLGBT youth are disproportionately represented in foster care and experience poor health and education outcomes. Foster care public health nurses (FCPHN) are in a unique position to address disparities with timely and appropriate referrals and advocate for policy changes.DesignAn online survey was developed to describe FCPHN responsibilities in case managing LGBT children.MethodIn all, 39 FCPHNs completed the survey.ResultsMost FCPHN did not know the number of LGBT youth in their caseload and reported that there was no systematic method of collecting this data. Few FCPHN had received training in LGBT health issues.ConclusionThis study confirms reports from other studies regarding lack of systematic data collection to deliver appropriate services to LGBT youth. It reports FCPHN lack of training as well as their assessment of the most important needs of this population.Relevance to clinical practiceFCPHNs are in a unique position to advocate by promoting gender inclusive forms in child welfare agencies and addressing disparities in access to care.
CRISPR/Cas9 gene drive technology to control transmission of vector‐borne parasitic infections
Authors: Nateghi Rostami Mahmoud 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGene drive is the process of copying of an endonuclease‐containing cassette that leads to increased frequency of inheritance of the desired traits in a targeted population. CRISPR/Cas9 technology is advancing genetic manipulation of insects in the field of gene drive experiments. The CRISPR/Cas9 drive could be engineered for genetic manipulation of parasites and/or vectors for disease control. A number of promising CRISPR/Cas9‐based gene drive strategies that interfere with parasite development or impairs the reproductive capability of the insect vector have been proposed in the laboratory for blocking transmission of malaria and leishmaniasis. Still several technical and ethical challenges remain to be addressed, and none appear insuperable in this field.
Cyber Security Responsibilization: An Evaluation of the Intervention Approaches Adopted by the Five Eyes Countries and China
Authors: Renaud Karen , Orgeron Craig , Warkentin Merrill , French P. Edward 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGovernments can intervene to a greater or lesser extent in managing the risks that citizens face. They can adopt a maximal intervention approach (e.g., COVID‐19) or a hands‐off approach (e.g., unemployment), effectively “responsibilizing” their citizens. To manage the cyber risk, governments publish cyber‐related policies. This article examines the intervention stances the governments adopt in supporting individual citizens managing their personal cyber risk. The authors pinpoint the cyber‐related responsibilities that several governments espouse, applying a “responsibilization” analysis. Those applying to citizens are identified, thereby revealing the governments' cyber‐related intervention stances. The analysis reveals that most governments adopt a minimal cyber‐related intervention stance in supporting their citizens. Given the increasing number of successful cyber attacks on individuals, it seems time for the consequences of this stance to be acknowledged and reconsidered. The authors argue that governments should support individual citizens more effectively in dealing with cyber threats.
Tonsillar Kaposi sarcoma in a renal transplant patient
Authors: Howard John H. , Darrow Morgan , Chen Ling‐Xin , Alnimri Muna , Jen Kuang‐Yu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractKaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm caused by human herpesvirus‐8 (HHV‐8) infection. KS is most often seen in individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome but can occur in patients who are on immunosuppressive therapy. While the skin and oral mucosa are the typical sites for KS, lesions of the tonsil are quite rare with only a few reported cases. Here, we present a case of tonsillar KS occurring in a renal transplant patient. He presented with dysphagia, odynophagia, and weight loss. Oral examination revealed tonsillar hypertrophy with purple discoloration. Imaging revealed diffuse enlargement of Waldeyer's ring with enlarged right cervical lymph nodes, worrisome for post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Microscopic examination of the tonsillectomy specimen showed a vascular proliferation positive for HHV‐8, consistent with KS. The patient was subsequently treated with immunosuppression reduction and the addition of sirolimus, which resulted in complete resolution of oropharyngeal and cervical lesions.
Efficacy of oral sarolaner againstLynxacarus radovskyiin naturally infested cats
Authors: Campos Diefrey R. , Chaves Jéssica K. O. , Assis Rayane C. P. , Fernandes Júlio I. , Scott Fabio B. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundLynxacarus radovskyiis a fur mite of cats. Several classes of ectoparasiticides have shown success for treatment, including an isoxazoline.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of a single oral dose of sarolaner for the treatment ofL. radovskyimites in naturally infested cats.AnimalsFourteen adult cats (six males and eight females), naturally infested withL. radovskyi.Methods and materialsAnimals were randomized according to sex and average pretreatment mite count. The cats were assigned to two groups of seven cats each. The treated group received one 10 mg sarolaner tablet,corresponding to a dose of 2–4 mg/kg body weight, and the control group received no treatment. From each cat, three trichograms consisting of approximately 50 hairs each were collected from the dorsal neck, lateral thigh and perineum/tail region (total of nine samples per cat). The severity of infestation was scored on a scale of 0 (no parasites) to 4 (>50 mites) at baseline and days 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 post‐treatment. Efficacy was compared between the treatment and control groups using the arithmetic mean reduction of the mite score; results were analysed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by the Student–Newtman–Keuls test, with significance set atP < 5%.ResultsThe efficacy of oral sarolaner was >95% at Day 30 post‐treatment. Statistical differences were first observed between the means of the control and treated groups 15 days post‐treatment.ConclusionA single oral dose of sarolaner effectively eliminatedL. radovskyiin most cats.
“Not Everybody’s an Athlete, But They Certainly Can Move”: Facilitators of Physical Activity Maintenance in Older Adults in a Northern and Rural Setting
Authors: Ward Kirsten , Pousette Anne , Pelletier Chelsea A. 
Published: June 2020

Although the benefits of maintaining a physical activity regime for older adults are well known, it is unclear how programs and facilities can best support long-term participation. The purpose of this study is to determine the facilitating factors of physical activity maintenance in older adults at individual, program, and community levels. Nine semistructured interviews were conducted with individuals aged 60 years and older and long-term participants (>6 months) in community-based group exercise at a clinical wellness facility in northern British Columbia, Canada. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via inductive thematic analysis. Themes identified as facilitators of physical activity included (a) social connections, (b) individual contextual factors, and (c) healthy aging. Older adults are more likely to maintain physical activity when environments foster healthy aging and provide opportunity for social engagement.
Female genital mutilation (FGM) in UK children: a review of a dedicated paediatric service for FGM
Authors: Ali Sakaria , Patel Roshnee , Armitage Alice Jane , Learner Hazel Isabella , Creighton Sarah M , Hodes Deborah 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo describe the presentation and management of children with suspected or confirmed female genital mutilation (FGM) referred to a specialist paediatric clinic.MethodsData collected included referral source, age, ethnicity, circumstances of FGM and clinical findings in accordance with the WHO FGM classification.ResultsBetween September 2014 and January 2019, 148 children attended the clinic of whom 55 (37.2%) had confirmed FGM. Police or social care referred 112 (76%) children. The proportion of looked-after children (LAC) was significantly higher in the group with confirmed FGM (17/55, 31%) compared with children where FGM was not confirmed (5/93, 5%). In almost all children where FGM was confirmed, FGM was initially disclosed by the child or family (53/55, 96%) and of these 48/55 (87%) underwent FGM prior to UK entry. The remaining seven cases were British children, potentially meeting legal criteria under the FGM Act, and one resulted in a successful prosecution.ConclusionsThe number of children with FGM was significantly lower than expected based on UK prevalence estimates. Most children had undergone FGM prior to UK entry, and the majority of cases were initially disclosed by the child or family themselves. These results reflect the lack of large-scale proof of the practice of FGM in the UK and are consistent with growing evidence of the abandonment of FGM among communities after migration.