bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Profiling of Wen-Dan Decoction by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS/MS and Variation Analysis between Different Processes Based on Chemometric
Authors: Gao Ximei , Luo Zichen , Qiao Ping , Zhang Wen , Zhao Xiaoli , Di Liuqing , Chi Yumei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Wen-Dan decoction (WDD) is a traditional Chinese medical prescription composed of six herbs for the treatment of neurological diseases. The research of classic prescription (CP) is the hotspot in China which aims to develop the ancient and highly effective prescriptions into modern formulations under the condition of ancient dosage. In order to clarify the effects of ancient and modern techniques on WDD in the research of CP, the compounds in WDD should be systematically studied first, and the issue whether there are significant differences on components even efficacy between different preparation processes has to be explored.Methods: In this study, ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was employed to analyze the components of WDD rapidly in both positive and negative ion mode. The analysis methods of chemometric, such as partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), was innovatively adopted to compare three typical processes (ancient decoction process, modern decoction process and modern alcohol precipitation process).Results: The 121 compounds were identified in WDD, including 23 organic acids, 69 flavonoids, 4 amino acids, 5 phenylpropanoids, 6 triterpenoid saponins and 14 other components, and most of them were from Zhishi (Immature orange fruit), Chenpi (Dried tangerine peel) and Gancao (Liquorice root). Additionally, significant differences between three processes were proved in this study, and 24 components were considered to be related to the differences between ancient and modern technology, as well as 18 compounds could be affected in the process of alcohol precipitation. The relative content of compounds in modern decoction process was higher than that in ancient decoction process, indicating the extraction efficiency of modern technology was greater than that of ancient process. Conclusion: The chemical profiling of WDD provided the bases for the study of active components and quality control. The obvious differences among three processes suggested that the content of active ingredients in the study of CP should be strictly controlled to ensure the transfer of significant efficacy from ancient prescriptions to modern formulations.
Chest CT imaging of pediatric COVID-19 infection: a case report
Authors: Xu Huayan , Hou Keke , Zhang Na , Yang Ming , Guo Yingkun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China spreading rapidly worldwide. Over 100 countries have reported surpassing 100,000 laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID- 19, and in which 2.1% were under aged 19 years. However, little is known about the imaging features about pediatric COVID-19 patients. Herein, we report two cases about COVID-19 involving the clinical data as well as chest images.Case presentation: Two pediatric patients admitted to hospital because of high fever or dry cough. Both children had been recent exposure to the COVID-19 confirmed patients of their family members. Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) test of these two patients’ sputum were positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, and diagnosed as COVID-19 infection. Laboratory tests indicate normal white cell count (5.02 x10^9/L) and neutrophils (40.8%) in one case, and slightly increased white cell count (11.86 x10^9/L) and normal neutrophils (16.1%)in the other one. CRP of both cases were within the normal range. Computed tomography (CT) was used to evaluate the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) of these two pediatric patients. Small nodule was found in the upper right lobe of one case; and bilateral peripheral ground-glass opacities were observed in the other patient.Conclusion: In summary, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory tests and chest CT images of pediatric patients were untypical. Epidemic exposure history and RT-PCR results still play an important role in the precise diagnosis of COVID-19 children.
Die Auflösung der Automatisierungspyramide
Authors: Grefen Kilian , Strommer Walter 
Published: April 2020

Kurzfassung
Planung, Steuerung und Analyse einer wandelbaren und flexiblen Produktion in Echtzeit – ist das nicht der Traum eines jeden Produktionsverantwortlichen? Der ASCon Digital Twin ermöglicht dies durch ein übergreifendes Informationsmodell und eine hoch performante Ausführungs-Architektur. Damit werden alle an der Produktion beteiligten Informationen aus PLM, ERP/MES und Shopfloor zu einem durchgängigen Informationsmanagement verknüpft, ohne vorab die einzelnen semantischen und ontologischen Beziehungen festlegen zu müssen. Damit wird der Produktionsprozess übergreifend, vollständig und jederzeit anpassbar abgebildet und gesteuert, die modellierten Wertschöpfungsketten werden direkt ausgeführt, auch Betriebsmittel können ohne Änderungen in der Steuerungslogik ausgetauscht werden.
Digitaler Zwilling in der Fertigung
Authors: Streicher Dietmar 
Published: April 2020

Kurzfassung
Für Produktion und Fertigung bedeutet der Einsatz von Digitalen Zwillingen einen deutlichen Schub in Richtung Automation. Der folgende Beitrag von Tebis geht der Frage nach, was fertigungsnahe Unternehmen rund um das Arbeiten mit dem Digitalen Zwilling beachten sollten und welche konkreten Vorteile sie sich davon erwarten können.
EFETIVIDADE DO TRATAMENTO FISIOTERAPÊUTICO NA DISFUNÇÃO FEMOROPATELAR: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA.
Authors: Mendes Paloma Gonçalves , Dos Santos Júlia Maria , De Carvalho Caio Augusto Mendes , Felício Lilian Ramiro 
Published: April 2020

RESUMO
A disfunção femoropatelar é descrita como uma condição de dor anterior no joelho, agravada por movimentos que aumentam as forças compressivas na articulação femoropatelar. Acomete principalmente mulheres jovens fisicamente ativas e sabe-se que sua etiologia é multifatorial, e fatores extrínsecos e intrínsecos ao corpo estão envolvidos. Em virtude da complexidade e inúmeras intervenções fisioterapêuticas, o objetivo dessa revisão sistemática foi discutir as evidências de maior relevância clínica na prática fisioterapêutica para intervenção baseada em exercícios nos pacientes com disfunção femoropatelar. O procedimento de busca e avaliação seguiu o método recomendado pelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols e dessa forma, realizou-se uma consulta a base eletrônica de dados PubMed, no idioma inglês, entre os anos de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2017, com as palavras-chave: “patellofemoral pain syndrome”, “physiotherapy”, “exercise” e “treatment”. Para os critérios de inclusão adotou-se apenas ensaios clínicos randomizados, caracterizados por tratamento fisioterapêutico e intervenção baseada em exercícios e classificação maior ou igual a 7/10 na escala Physiotherapy Evidence Datebase. Foram encontrados na busca 269 ensaios clínicos randomizados, com 177 artigos selecionados por títulos relacionados ao tema. Após o processo de seleção e avaliação dos artigos, 11 estudos foram selecionados para discussão. Desses, 7 ensaios clínicos randomizados abrangeram exercícios de estabilização de quadril e joelho, sendo que 2 desses estudos acrescentaram exercícios de estabilização de tronco a intervenção. Portanto, o tratamento conservador é uma estratégia eficaz e uma intervenção baseada em exercícios envolvendo fatores proximais e locais ao joelho promovem alívio da dor e melhora da função em indivíduos com disfunção femoropatelar.
Os estudos de xeografía na primeira metade so s. XX en Galicia
Authors: Durán Villa Francisco R. 
Published: April 2020

O proceso de institucionalización da xeografía foi tardío en España e particularmente en Galicia. O desenvolvemento do paradigma rexional estivo á marxe da Universidade. Na década de 1920 o Seminario de Estudos Galegos, con Otero Pedrayo, Fraguas e Risco, iniciou os estudos de xeografía de Galicia nun contexto de interdisciplinariedade e de consolidación do nacionalismo galego. A paisaxe fortemente humanizada, a parroquia, base da organización territorial, a raza e a lingua propia serán os principais elementos para definir Galicia como nación. O profesorado non universitario iniciou a renovación pedagóxica, apoiado nos anos 1930 polos formadores dos mestres que procedían da Escola Superior de Maxisterio de Madrid, precursora dos estudos de pedagoxía.
Magnetic Connectivity between the Light Bridge and Penumbra in a Sunspot
Authors: Feng Song , Miao Yuhu , Yuan Ding , Qu Zhongquan , Nakariakov Valery M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A light bridge is a prominent structure commonly observed within a sunspot. Its presence usually triggers a wealth of dynamics in a sunspot and has a lasting impact on sunspot evolution. However, the fundamental structure of light bridges is still not well understood. In this study, we used the high-resolution spectropolarimetry data obtained by the Solar Optical Telescope on board the Hinode satellite to analyze the magnetic and thermal structure of a light bridge at AR 12838. We also combined the high-cadence

channel data provided by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory to study the dynamics on this bridge. We found a pair of blue and red Doppler shift patches at two ends of this bridge; this pattern appears to be the convective motion directed by the horizontal component of the magnetic field aligned with the spine of the bridge. Paired upward and downward motions imply that the light bridge could have a two-legged or undulating magnetic field. Significant 4 minute oscillations in the emission intensity of the

bandpass were detected at two ends, which overlapped the paired blue- and redshift patches. The oscillatory signals at the light bridge and the penumbra were highly correlated with each other. Although they are separated in space at the photosphere, the periodicity seems to have a common origin from underneath the sunspot. Therefore, we infer that the light bridge and penumbra could share a common magnetic source and become fragmented at the photosphere by magnetoconvection.
Lack of Efficacy of Dilated Screening for Retinoblastoma
Authors: Khan Arif O. , Al-Mesfer Saleh 
Published: April 2020

Purpose:
To assess red reflex testing of the pharmacologically dilated pupil in screening for retinoblastoma.

Patients and Methods:
Children with a family history of retinoblastoma or a history of treated retinoblastoma who were admitted to our institution for examination using anesthesia during a 3-month period underwent red reflex testing of the pharmacologically dilated pupil in a masked fashion. Red reflexes were classified as normal (unremarkable), abnormal (in brightness or color), or absent (no reflex, black pupil). The results of the screenings were later compared with actual retinal findings.

Results:
Red reflex testing of the dilated pupil failed to identify all 13 eyes that harbored retinoblastoma lesions (all 13 were classified as normal). The 3 eyes that were identified as having abnormal red reflexes had neither disease nor significant refractive error.

Conclusion:
Red reflex testing of the dilated pupil is a poor screening technique for retinoblastoma.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
2005;42:205–210.
Caracterização das pacientes com incontinência urinária atendidas em um serviço de fisioterapia ambulatorial
Authors: Tavares Deise Iop , Kurtz Manuella Chagas , Schlemmer Gessica Bordin Viera , Souza Cora Da Gama , Santos Tamires Daros dos , Vendrusculo Alecsandra Pinheiro , Pivetta Hedioneia Maria Foletto , Braz Melissa Medeiros 
Published: April 2020

Introdução: A Incontinência urinária (IU) é considerada uma das novas epidemias associada com aumento da sobrevida, sendo mais frequente nas mulheres. Objetivo: Caracterizar as pacientes com incontinência urinária que foram atendidas no serviço de Fisioterapia de um serviço secundário de média complexidade no período de 2015 a 2017. Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo, quantitativo realizado a partir de uma análise documental de prontuários de Fisioterapia de um serviço secundário de média complexidade durante o período de 2015 a 2017. Resultados: A IU esteve presente em mulheres com média de idade de 58,2 anos, casadas, com hipertensão ou constipação associadas, não praticavam atividade física, com prevalência de parto vaginal e com episiotomia, As perdas ocorreram mais durante o dia, em forma de jato, ao esforço e após a tosse ou espirros. Conclusão: Espera-se que com estes dados se tenha um maior conhecimento sobre a incontinência urinária e seus agravos e se possam elaborar ações para desmistifica-las.
Potencial antioxidante in vitro, conteúdo de fenóis e flavonóides nos ramos de Scutia buxifolia Reissek
Authors: Boligon Aline Augusti , Magoga Bruna Ribeiro , Feltrin Andrieli Cassel , Janovik Vanessa , Athayde Margareth Linde 
Published: April 2020

O presente trabalho descreve a avaliação da atividade antioxidante pela metodologia do radical livre DPPH, o doseamento de polifenóis pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteau e teor de flavonóides no extrato bruto e nas frações dos ramos de Scutia buxifolia (coronilha). O conteúdo de polifenóis e flavonóides variaram de 102,02 ± 0,71 a 318,82 ± 1,62 miligrama de ácido pirogálico por grama de planta seca e 83,47 ± 0,93 a 140,71 ± 2,14 miligrama de rutina por grama de planta seca, respectivamente. O IC50, concentração necessária para inibir a atividade do DPPH em 50% foi: extrato bruto > CH2Cl2 > AcOEt > n-BuOH. No presente estudo foi possível estabelecer uma alta correlação positiva entre compostos fenólicos das frações e a atividade antioxidante destas (0,99). Estes resultados indicam que S. buxifolia possui Substâncias químicas capazes de capturarem radicais livres, compostos promissores na busca de fármacos antioxidantes contra doenças decorrentes do estresse oxidativo, sendo as frações n-BuOH e AcOEt as mais efetivas.
Topology analysis and routing algorithms design for PTNet network
Authors: Han Zhijie , Zhang Qingfang , Du Xiaoyu , Guo Kun , He Mingshu 
Published: April 2020

SummaryData center network (DCN) is used for transmission, storage, and processing of big data, which plays an important role in cloud computing and CDN distribution. Network topology and routing algorithm are its core research content and key technical issues. The traditional network topology is difficult to guarantee the quality of service in scalability and fault tolerance. The server‐centric DCN topology can ensure the scale of the DCN by recursively increasing the number of network nodes and links. Relative to the Dcell, BCube, and BCCC typical network topology, PTNet network as a typical representative of a new type of the server‐centric DCN topology, which has more advantages in scalability, fault tolerance, and so on. The PTNet network topology is theoretically analyzed in terms of network diameter, bottleneck throughput, and total number of links in the network. Based on the deep research of PTNet network, this article analyzes and studies the network topology, multicast, and broadcast routing algorithm.
Geometry of principal stress trajectories for piece‐wise linear yield criteria under axial symmetry
Authors: Alexandrov Sergei , Jeng Yeau‐Ren 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRigid‐ and elastic‐ plastic solids obeying quite a general yield criterion represented by linear functions of the principal stresses are considered. A general axisymmetric state of stress satisfying the hypothesis of Haar and von Karman is analyzed in quasi‐static flow. The circumferential velocity vanishes. A superimposed restriction on the yield criterion is that the system of stress equations is hyperbolic. The primary objective of this study is to select optimal coordinates and unknowns for deriving the integrable differential relations in their most convenient form for numerical treatments. It is shown that there exists a simple relation between the scale factors of the principal lines coordinate system (the coordinate curves of this coordinate system coincide with the trajectories of the principal stresses). Another simple relation exists between the scale factors and the principal stresses. The mapping between the principal lines and cylindrical coordinates is determined by a system of hyperbolic differential equations.
Strategic Strengthening of the Armed Forces
Authors: Hirsch Ballin Ernst , Dijstelbloem Huub , de Goede Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAgainst the background of the profound changes in the Netherlands’ security environment and increased instability in the region around Europe and the challenges that need to be addressed by defence policy sketched in the previous chapter, the question is whether the armed forces are capable of adequately performing their tasks. This chapter investigates the state of the armed forces and defence policy and considers what the focus should be and what investments are needed. The discussion centres on the following questions:
Close-up view of an ongoing merger between the NGC 4839 group and the Coma cluster
Authors: Lyskova Natalia , Churazov Eugene , Zhang Congyao , Forman William , Jones Christine 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe analyse archival XMM-Newton observations of the massive galaxy group NGC 4839 falling into the Coma cluster core, which reveal a complex morphology for the merger. By comparing high quality X-ray maps of the merging subcluster with SPH simulations, we propose an infall scenario which qualitatively reproduces the observed structure of the NGC 4839 tail.
A wide and collimated radio jet in 3C 84
Authors: Giovannini Gabriele 
Published: April 2020

AbstractI report observations of 3C84 (NGC 1275), the central galaxy of the Perseus cluster, made with an interferometric array including the orbiting radio telescope of the RadioAstron mission. The data transversely resolve the edge-brightened jet in 3C84 only 0.03 mas from the core, which is ten times closer to the central engine than was possible in previous ground-based observations. To better understand physical properties of this peculiar source, I will discuss its present properties in comparison to the past and more recent evolution in the radio band of 3C 84.
Why only a small fraction of quasars are radio loud?
Authors: Cao Xinwu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt is still a mystery why only a small fraction of quasars contain relativistic jets. A strong magnetic field is a necessary ingredient for jet formation. Gas falls from the Bondi radius RB nearly freely to the circularization radius Rc, and a thin accretion disk is formed within Rc We suggest that the external weak magnetic field threading interstellar medium is substantially enhanced in this region, and the magnetic field at Rc can be sufficiently strong to drive outflows from the disk if the angular velocity of the gas is low at RB. In this case, the magnetic field is efficiently dragged in the disk, because most angular momentum of the disk is removed by the outflows that lead to a significantly high radial velocity. The strong magnetic field formed in this way may accelerate jets in the region near the black hole, either by the Blandford-Payne or/and Blandford-Znajek mechanisms. If the angular velocity of the circumnuclear gas is low, the field advection in the thin disk is inefficient, and it will appear as a radio-quiet (RQ) quasar.
Extragalactic relativistic jets
Authors: Orienti Monica 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRelativistic jets are one of the most powerful manifestations of the release of energy produced around supermassive black holes at the centre of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Their emission is observed across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, from the radio band to gamma rays. Despite decades of efforts, many aspects of the physics of relativistic jets remain elusive. In particular, the location and the mechanisms responsible for the high-energy emission and the connection of the variability at different wavelengths are among the greatest challenges in the study of AGN. Recent high resolution radio observations of flaring objects locate the high energy emitting region downstream the jet at parsec scale distance from the central engine. Furthermore, monitoring campaigns of the most active blazars indicate that not all the high energy flares have the same characteristics in the various energy bands, even from the same source, making the interpretation of the mechanism responsible for the high-energy emission not trivial. Here I will discuss gamma-ray properties of blazars obtained by Fermi Large Area Telescope observations and the connection between radio and high-energy emission in relativistic jets, and I will focus on the importance of high angular resolution observations.
Characterizing the Outburst of the Supermassive Black Hole in M87
Authors: Forman William , Churazov Eugene , Heinz Sebastian , Jones Christine , Nulsen Paul , Kraft Ralph , Randall Scott , Vikhlinin Alexey 
Published: April 2020

AbstractM87, in the Virgo cluster, allows us to study the interaction of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) with its hot gaseous atmosphere. Deep Chandra observations reveal a nearly circular shock front with a Mach number of 1.2 and a radius of 13 kpc which is driven by a central cavity inflated by an SMBH outburst began 12 million years ago. An outburst with an energy of a ~5×57 ergs and a duration of ~2 Myrs provides a good match to all the constraints. For an outburst repetition rate of about 12 Myrs (the outburst age), the outburst energy is sufficient to balance the radiative cooling of the gas. The outburst duration in M87 argues for a “gentle” (long duration) outburst that does not generate strong shocks and where much of the outburst energy is deposited in the cavities that then transfer energy to the surrounding gas as they buoyantly rise.
Molecular recognition and specificity of biomolecules to titanium dioxide from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Sampath Janani , Kullman Andrew , Gebhart Rachel , Drobny Gary , Pfaendtner Jim 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTitania (TiO2) is used extensively in biomedical applications; efforts to boost the biocompatibility of TiO2 include coating it with the titania binding hexamer, RKLPDA. To understand the binding mechanism of this peptide, we employ molecular dynamics simulations enhanced by metadynamics to study three amino acids present in the peptide—arginine (R), lysine (K), and aspartate (D), on four TiO2 variants that have different degrees of surface hydroxyl groups. We find that binding is a function of both sidechain charge and structure, with R binding to all four surfaces, whereas the affinity of K and D is dependent on the distribution of hydroxyl groups. Informed by this, we study the binding of the titania binding hexamer and dodecamer (RKLPDAPGMHTW) on two of the four surfaces, and we see strong correlations between the binding free energy and the primary binding residues, in agreement with prior experiments and simulations. We propose that the discrepancies observed in prior work stem from distribution of surface hydroxyl groups that may be difficult to precisely control on the TiO2 interface.