bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Development of Novel Berberine Derivatives against Bacteria
Authors: Jamshaid Faisal , Dai Jun , Yang Li Xi 
Published: January 2020

:
Many berberine derivatives have been synthesized for their antibacterial activity in the past
years. In order to elucidate their new Structural Activity Relationship (SAR), the recently synthesized
berberine derivatives are reviewed. The newly synthesized berberine derivatives are reported in this
review with novel modifications on the berberine structure at various positions. It is hoped that this article
would help scientists to design and synthesize new berberine derivatives with high potency and a
broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities, more effectiveness and lower toxicity for improved antimicrobial
therapy. These berberine derivatives could be developed as novel antibacterial agents to treat
patients with infectious diseases, especially caused by resistant bacteria.
Development and In vitro Evaluation of Nifedipine Gel Formulations for Anorectal Applications
Authors: Bagci Nuray , Bayindir Zerrin Sezgin , Inal Ozge , Altanlar Nurten , Yuksel Nilufer 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
Current study focuses on the formulation and characterization of lipophilic and
hydrophilic gel formulations of nifedipine to treat anal fissure via anodermal application.

Methods:
Lipophilic gels were prepared with Aerosil grades as gelling agents in bulk oils. Polyethylene
glycols, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and Carbopol® 974P were used as gelling agents in water and
propylene glycol for forming hydrophilic gels. The effect of repeated Freeze-Thaw Cycles (FT-C) on
microstructures of the gels was investigated by examining viscosity, rheology and textural properties.
Aerosil 200 containing lipophilic gels exhibited thixotropic behavior with plastic flow properties and
higher viscosities.

Result:
Accordingly, their compressibility and adhesiveness increased. FT-C caused notable changes in
microstructures and textural properties of the lipophilic gels excluding the formulation containing
Aerosil 200-in-isopropyl myristate. Among the hydrophilic gels, the viscosity of Carbopol® 974P gels
increased depending on the amount of polymer, triethanolamine and water; these gels featured plastic
flow without thixotropic behavior. Their compressibility and adhesiveness were higher than other gel
formulations with stable post-FT-C characteristics. The higher flux values of nifedipine were observed
from water containing Carbopol® 974P gel.

Conclusion:
The results of the stability tests showed that the Carbopol® 974P gel had a longer shelf life
than the Aerosil 200-in-isopropyl myristate gel.
Increased Prevalence of Vestibular Loss in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Wei Eric X. , Oh Esther S. , Harun Aisha , Ehrenburg Matthew , Xue Qian-Li , Simonsick Eleanor , Agrawal Yuri 
Published: January 2020

Background/Aims::
Recent evidence has shown that Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients have
reduced vestibular function relative to healthy controls. In this study, we evaluated whether patients with
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) also have reduced vestibular function relative to controls, and compared
the level of vestibular impairment between MCI and AD patients.

Methods::
Vestibular physiologic function was assessed in 77 patients (26 MCI, 51 AD) and 295
matched controls using 3 clinical vestibular tests. The association between vestibular loss and cognitive
impairment was evaluated using conditional logistic regression models.

Results::
Individuals with vestibular impairment had a 3 to 4-fold increased odds of being in the MCI vs.
control group (p-values < 0.05). MCI patients had a level of vestibular impairment that was intermediate
between controls and AD.

Conclusion::
These findings suggest a dose-response relationship between vestibular loss and cognitive
status, and support the hypothesis that vestibular loss contributes to cognitive decline.
Association of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Chinese Adults: A Case-control Study
Authors: An Peilin , Zhou Xuan , Du Yue , Zhao Jiangang , Song Aili , Liu Huan , Ma Fei , Huang Guowei 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Inflammation plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment
in previous studies. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a reliable measure of systemic inflammation.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NLR and mild cognitive
impairment (MCI), and further to explore the diagnostic potential of the inflammatory markers NLR for
the diagnosis of MCI in elderly Chinese individuals.

Methods:
186 MCI subjects and 153 subjects with normal cognitive function were evaluated consecutively
in this study. Neutrophil (NEUT) count and Lymphocyte (LYM) count were measured in fasting
blood samples. The NLR was calculated by dividing the absolute NEUT count by the absolute LYM
count. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the potential association between NLR and
MCI. NLR for predicting MCI was analyzed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve
analysis.

Results:
The NLR of MCI group was significantly higher than that of subjects with normal cognitive
function (2.39 ± 0.55 vs. 1.94 ± 0.51, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher NLR
was an independent risk factor for MCI (OR: 4.549, 95% CI: 2.623-7.889, P < 0.001). ROC analysis
suggested that the optimum NLR cut-off point for MCI was 2.07 with 73.66% sensitivity, 69.28% specificity,
74.48% Positive Predictive Values (PPV) and 68.36% negative predictive values (NPV). Subjects
with NLR ≥ 2.07 showed higher risk relative to NLR < 2.07 (OR: 5.933, 95% CI: 3.467-10.155, P <
0.001).

Conclusion:
The elevated NLR is significantly associated with increased risk of MCI. In particular,
NLR level higher than the threshold of 2.07 was significantly associated with the probability of MCI.
The Impact of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Hsieh Sun-Wung , Liu Ming-Wei , Huang Ling-Chun , Wu Meng-Ni , Yang Yuan-Han 
Published: January 2020

Background:The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) gene has drawn attention for its possible role in regulating the degradation of β-amyloid (Aβ), yet its role in affecting the cognitive and psychiatric symptoms of Alzheimer`s Disease (AD) patients has yet to be elucidated.Objective:This study aimed to investigate whether the ACE gene acts as a risk factor of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) in the AD population.Method:The genotyping of ACE and Apolipoprotein E gene with allele ε4(APOEε4) was determined among 360s clinically diagnosed AD patients. Symptoms and severity of BPSD were evaluated annually via Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).Results:At the base measurement of the first year of patient recruitment, there were no significant contributory risk factors to NPI score. In the two-year follow-up, ACE insertion polymorphism showed a significant risk (adjusted odds ratio=1.65, 95% CI=1.1- 2.5, p=0.019) of progression of NPI total score.Conclusion:ACE gene is involved in aggravating BPSD among AD patients.
Hypermethylation of Single CpG Dinucleotides at the Promoter of CXCL13 Gene Promoting Cell Migration in Cervical Cancer
Authors: Ma Dong , Fan Shao-Bei , Hua Na , Li Guo-Hua , Chang Quan , Liu Xiao 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Chemokine 13 (CXCL13) and its chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) are involved
in the onset of various types of cancer. However, their role in cervical cancer (CC) remains
unknown.

Objective:
To investigate the role of chemokine 13 (CXCL13) and its receptor in CC.

Methods:
The expression of CXCL13/CXCR5 and the infiltration of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells in CC,
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), normal cervical epithelial (NCE) tissues, and in CC cell
lines were analysed and the associated clinical significance was determined. In vitro, CXCL13 overexpression
and DNA methyltransferase inhibition (through S110) were used to investigate the biological
function and the underlying mechanism that regulates CXCL13 expression. Tumor growth
and liver metastasis were also evaluated in the xenogenous subcutaneously implant model.

Results:
CXCL13/CXCR5 expression levels and the infiltration of CXCR5+CD8+ T cells were significantly
decreased in CC tissues compared with CIN and NCE tissues. CXCL13 downregulation
was significantly correlated with the FIGO stages, lymph node metastasis, interstitial infiltration
depth, and pathological grade. The overexpression of CXCL13 suppressed CC cell migration.
CXCL13 downregulation was associated with hypermethylation in CC cell lines, and primary tumor
biopsies. Furthermore, a CpG dinucleotide at the HIF-1a transcription factor motifs in the promoter
element of CXCL13 was consistently methylated in CC cells and associated with HIF-1a. CXCL13
overexpression and S110 treatment dramatically repressed tumor growth and liver metastasis in the
xenograft model; whereas it’s low expression increased the risk of death in CC patients.

Conclusion:
DNA methylation-dependent CXCL13 downregulation may promote cervical carcinogenesis
and progression.
3D Shared Matting Method for Directly Extracting Standard Organ Models from Human Body Color Volume Image
Authors: Liu Bin , Niu Xiaolei , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhang Song , Zhang Jianxin , Qi Wen , Yang Liang 
Published: January 2020

Background:
In some medical applications (e.g., virtual surgery), standard human organ
models are very important and useful. Now that real human body slice image sets have been
collected by several countries, it is possible to obtain real standard organ models.

Introduction:
Understanding how to abandon the traditional model construction method of Photoshop
sketching slice by slice and directly extracting 3D models from volume images has been an
interesting and challenging issue. In this paper, a 3D color volume image matting method has
been proposed to segment human body organ models.

Methods:
First, the scope of the known area will be expanded by means of propagation. Next,
neighborhood sampling to find the best sampling for voxels in an unknown region will be performed
and then the preliminary opacity using the sampling results will be calculated.

Results:
The final result will be obtained by applying local smoothing to the image.

Conclusion:
From the experimental results, it has been observed that our method is effective for
real standard organ model extraction.
Computer-Aided Detection System for the Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Lesions using SVM
Authors: Jain Shruti 
Published: January 2020

Introduction:
Lung carcinoma is the most commonly cancer causing deaths throughout
the world that mainly occurs due to smoking. Small cell lung cancer and Non-small cell lung cancer
(NSCLC) are the two different types of Lung cancer. For the detection and classification of
lung cancer, there are different techniques in the literature.

Methods:
This paper emphasis on the three class classification of the Adenocarcinomas, Squamous
cell carcinomas, and large cell carcinomas of NSCLC. For precise and superior results,
Computer Aided Detection (CADe) system has been designed so that the radiologist can diagnose
carcinoma in the ultrasonic images conveniently. CADe analyses the quality of the images, selects
the region of interest, preprocesses the data, extracts the features and classifies the cancer.

Methods:
This paper emphasis on the three class classification of the Adenocarcinomas, Squamous
cell carcinomas, and large cell carcinomas of NSCLC. For precise and superior results,
Computer Aided Detection (CADe) system has been designed so that the radiologist can diagnose
carcinoma in the ultrasonic images conveniently. CADe analyses the quality of the images, selects
the region of interest, preprocesses the data, extracts the features and classifies the cancer.

Results:
After exhaustive literature survey, Laws’ mask features and SVM classifier with Gaussian
RBF kernels have been used in this paper. The experimentation was performed on 92 images using
50% - 50% training and testing criteria.

Conclusion:
Comparative study reveals that our system for separating three class lung cancer provides
95.65% average accuracy for Laws' mask 3 dimensions using the SVM classifier that is maximum
among the existing methods reported in the literature using the same dataset.
Molecular Modelling, Synthesis and Evaluation of Flavone and Flavanone Scaffolds as Anti-inflammatory Agents
Authors: Kiruthiga Natarajan , Alagumuthu Manikandan , Selvinthanuja Chellappa , Srinivasan Kulandaivel , Sivakumar Thangavel 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
The objective of the study was to develop new Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors as
anti-inflammatory agents from the synthetic route.

Materials and Methods:
The 2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one and 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromenone
hybrids were synthesised and characterised by using UV, IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectrometry.
An attempt was made for consolidated lead flavones and flavanones scaffolds by determining ADME/
T properties. Molecular docking simulations were performed by using Autodock.4 to understand
the binding interaction over the targeted enzyme Cyclooxygenase-2. The titled compounds were
evaluated for various in-vitro models for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and based upon
the IC50 values, the selected compounds were screened for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity by both
acute and chronic models.

Results:
Twenty titled compounds were synthesised and elucidated their structure
for confirmation of their functional groups by various spectroscopic techniques. Among the synthesized
compounds, flavone derivatives such as HFc (7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxy phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-
one), HFd (2-(2,4-di methoxy-phenyl)-7-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one) and HFe (7-hydroxy-2-
(thiophen-2-yl)-4H-chromen-4-one) produced higher potency. Flavanone derivatives HFAc (7-
hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one), HFAb (7-hydroxy-2-(4-
methoxy phenyl)-2,3-dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one) and HFAd (7-hydroxy-2-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,3-
dihydro-4H-chromen-4-one) showed significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to the standard
COX-2 inhibitors.

Conclusions:
The flavone and flavanone scaffolds possess their excellent inhibitory action over the
Cyclooxygenase-2 and act as a potential anti-inflammatory agent. The results of computational studies
were also significantly correlated and concluded that those naturally mimicking flavonoid analogues
were tremendous candidates to fight against the inflammatory diseases in drug discovery.
PENGARUH TIPE KEPRIBADIAN TERHADAP SELF-DISCLOSURE PADA DEWASA AWAL PENGGUNA MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Fauzia Alya Zachra , Maslihah Sri , Ihsan Helli 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tipe kepribadian terhadap self-disclosure pada dewasa awal pengguna instagram di Kota Bandung. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Jumlah partisipan yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 400 orang dewasa awal pengguna instagram. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Revised Self-Disclosure Scales (RSDS) untuk mengukur self-disclosure dan Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Brief version (EPQ-BV) untuk mengukur tipe kepribadian. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan tipe kepribadian terhadap self-disclosure. Extraversion dan neuroticism memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap self-disclosure pada dewasa awal pengguna instagram di Kota Bandung. Rekomendasi untuk peneliti selanjutnya adalah menambahkan variabel lain yang dapat mempengaruhi self-disclosure serta menggunakan metode lain.
Note On Jakimovski-Leviatan Operators Preserving e
–x
Authors: Acar Ecem , İzgi Aydın , Serenbay Sevilay Kirci 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the present article, a modification of Jakimovski-Leviatan operators is presented which reproduce constant and e
–x
functions. We prove uniform convergence order of a quantitative estimate for the modified operators. We also give a quantitative Voronovskya type theorem.
New iterative schemes for solving variational inequality and fixed points problems involving demicontractive and quasi-nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces
Authors: Sow T.M.M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we suggest and analyze a new iterative method for finding a common element of the set of fixed points of a quasi-nonexpansive mapping and the set of fixed points of a demicontractive mapping which is the unique solution of some variational inequality problems involving accretive operators in a Banach space. We prove the strong convergence of the proposed iterative scheme without imposing any compactness condition on the mapping or the space. Finally, applications of our theorems to some constrained convex minimization problems are given.
Current advancements in the management of spinal cord injury: A comprehensive review of literature
Authors: Shah Manan , Peterson Catherine , Yilmaz Emre , Halalmeh Dia Radi , Moisi Marc 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) carries debilitating lifelong consequences and, therefore, requires careful review of different treatment strategies.

Methods:
An extensive review of the English literature (PubMed 1990 and 2019) was performed regarding recent advances in the treatment of SCI; this included 46 articles written over 28 years.

Results:
Results of this search were divided into five major modalities; neuroprotective and neuroregenerative pharmaceuticals, neuromodulation, stem cell-based therapies, and various external prosthetic devices. Lately, therapeutic strategies were mainly focused on two major areas: neuroregeneration and neuroprotection.

Conclusion:
Despite recent advancements, more clinical trials on a larger scale and further research are needed to provide better treatment modalities of this devastating neurological disease.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) BERBASIS PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Nursan Muhammad , Utama FR Aeko Fria 
Published: January 2020

One of the efforts to develop village economic in West Sumbawa Regency is to establish and develop Village Owned Enterprise (Bumdes) based on agriculture. The purpose of this research is to find out internal and external factors of Bumdes based on agriculture; and formulating strategies for developing Bumdes based on agriculture in West Sumbawa Regency. This research was conducted in West Sumbawa Regency. 40 respondents were selected by purposive sampling. This research method is survey method. The instrument validity test was carried out with the Pearson Product Moment correlation technique, and for the reliability test with the Cronbach Alpha formula. Data collected were analysed using SWOT analysis. The results show that internal factors in the form of the main strength of Bumdes based on agriculture is the business managed by Bumdes serving the basic needs of community, while the main weakness is the capacity of managers managing Bumdes still lacking, and the absence of marketing networks. For external factors, the main opportunities of Bumdes based on agriculture are the support of local and central government regulations, the area and potential of agriculture can be developed optimally as well as the development and expansion of agricultural businesse, while the main threats of Bumdes are the lack of community participation in Bumdes activities. Results of SWOT analysis, the strategy Bumdes based on agriculture in West Sumbawa Regency can be done using the W-O (Weakness-opportunity) strategy, which is a strategy that minimizes the weaknesses that are owned to seize opportunities. Keywords: Analysis. SWOT, Agriculture, Development Strategy, Village Owned Enterprise, West Sumbawa Regency
Grain-size mineral analysis of verdete rock coarse and fine aggregates and adjustment to two granulometric distribution models
Authors: Madeira Aline Amaral 
Published: January 2020

The supremacy of the mineral industry added to the necessity to supply the world market demand justifies the continuous research efforts for optimizing of the activities of mineral resource utilization. In an approach of mineral characterization, a grain-size analysis study of coarse and fine aggregates of verdete rock was presented in this work. The particle size distribution (PSD) of two samples of aggregates with granulometry < 2.36 mm was experimentally obtained using sieving techniques and adjustment to Rosin-Rammler-Bennet (RRB) and Gates-Gaudin-Schuhmann (GGS) granulometric distribution models. Both RRB and GGS models regressed well to the experimental data, presenting correlation coefficient values were extremely close between them approximately 0.99. The PSD’s results indicated that 65.97% dry aggregates and 67.68% wet aggregates had a particle size with mean diameter > 0.0050 mm; a similar behavior of the grain-size distributions presented by dry and wet aggregates; and a tiny presence of fine particles natural in the analyzed ore sample. The results suggested the suitability of the methodology to predict the grain-size performance the verdete ore beyond to show itself as a contribution to the enriching of the mineral characterization of the studied rock, as a potassium potential source for the mineral processing Brazilian industry.
Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Padilla-García Clara Inés , Jaimes-Valencia Mary Luz , Fajardo-Nates Socorro , Ramos-Franco Ana María 
Published: January 2020

Introducción: Se reconoce que los principales factores de riesgo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares son: la obesidad, la hipertensión arterial, el consumo de tabaco, la falta de actividad física y la alimentación poco saludable, entre otros. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares cada vez se hacen más frecuentes a temprana edad considerándose un problema de salud pública que afecta al sujeto que la padece, a su familia y al sistema de salud por el incremento de costos que acarrea al sistema. Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo cardiovascular y los estilos de vida en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo observacional de carácter transversal. La muestra fue no asignada al azar sino por conveniencia, constituida por 323 estudiantes que participaron de una jornada de salud en una universidad privada de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Se administró un cuestionario que permitió valorar las características sociodemográficas, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y estilos de vida de los estudiantes universitarios. Resultados: La edad media de la población estudiada fue de 20 años, siendo el 73.7% mujeres y el 26.3% hombres. En general, el 13.8% de los estudiantes se encontraron con sobrepeso y el 5% en obesidad. El 1.9% presentó pre hipertensión sistólica y el 2.2% pre hipertensión diastólica. Por género, el 24.8% de las mujeres y 7.3% de hombres presentaron circunferencia abdominal en riesgo. De los estudiantes, el 49.8% tenían antecedentes familiares de enfermedad crónica. El 13% de los estudiantes señalaron haber sufrido de enfermedad crónica como diabetes, hipertensión y cardiopatía. Respecto a los estilos de vida, el 46.7% de los estudiantes refirieron consumir alcohol, el 9.28% tenían el hábito del consumo de tabaco y el 41.8% refirieron no tener actividad física durante la semana. Conclusiones: Existen factores de riesgo cardiovascular presentes en los estudiantes universitarios. Dentro de los más relevantes riesgos modificables están la obesidad y el sedentarismo que con un adecuado acompañamiento podrían disminuir. A pesar de que la mayoría de los jóvenes universitarios entran en el rango de adulto joven, se encuentran casos de hipertensión. [Padilla CI, Jaimes ML, Fajardo S, Ramos AM. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y estilos de vida de estudiantes universitarios. MedUNAB 2014; 17(2):81-90]