bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proactive repair crew deployment to improve transmission system resilience against hurricanes
Authors: Bian Yiheng , Bie Zhaohong , Li Gengfeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExtreme weather events, such as hurricanes, impose severe impacts on power systems. A rapid repair for power systems is desired after hurricanes pass to mitigate load‐shedding losses. This study proposes a proactive repair crew deployment model to prepare for post‐disaster repair and restoration. A two‐stage stochastic optimisation framework is designed. In the first stage, the repair crews are allocated to candidate locations ahead of a hurricane. In the second stage, the repair dispatch and load restoration are implemented under several damage scenarios to support the first‐stage decision‐making. A novel repair crew routing method is proposed which considers repair crew cooperation on important damaged components to enable earlier restoration of critical load. A linear‐programming approximation of AC power flow is applied to model the restoration of the transmission system in which the generator start‐up characters and security constraints are incorporated. A scenario‐based decomposition algorithm is applied to solve the stochastic problem and a preprocessing method to identify necessary components is proposed to further reduce computation time. Case studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed model in improving transmission system resilience.
An optimised state‐of‐charge balance control strategy for distributed energy storage units in islanded DC microgrid
Authors: Mi Yang , Ma Yuchen , Yu Si , Cai Pengcheng , Ji Liang , Fu Yang , Yue Dong , Jin Chi , Wang Peng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe optimised droop control method is proposed to achieve the state‐of‐charge (SoC) balance among parallel‐connected distributed energy storage units in islanded DC microgrid, which considers the difference of line impedance, initial state‐of‐charge values and capacities among distributed energy storage units. Since the droop control is the basic control strategy for load sharing in DC microgrid applications, however, the load sharing accuracy is degraded under conventional droop control method due to the unmatched line impedance in reality. Meanwhile, the initial state‐of‐charge values and capacities of each distributed energy storage unit are usually different. Hence, the state of charge for distributed energy storage units cannot be balanced. In order to prolong the lifetime of the distributed energy storage units and avoid the overuse of a certain distributed energy storage unit, the optimised droop control strategy based on sample and holder is designed, by modifying the droop coefficient adaptively, the accurate load sharing and balanced state of charge among distributed energy storage units are both obtained. Finally, the performance of the proposed control scheme is accessed through a series cases on technologies real‐time digital simulator (RTDS) and its effectiveness is verified.
Non‐invasive measurement of intensive power‐frequency electric field using a LiNbO3‐integrated optical waveguide sensor
Authors: Zhang Jiahong , Yang Li , Li Yingna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA LiNbO3‐integrated optical waveguide sensor with segmented shielding electrode are designed, fabricated and experimentally investigated. The segmented shielding electrode is designed to improve the sensor response at low frequency and simultaneously to have a larger half‐wave electric field. The minimum and maximum detectable power‐frequency electric fields of the sensor with 10 electrode elements in the time domain are 600 V/m and 139.8 kV/m, respectively, which results in a linear dynamic range of 47.3 dB. The minimum detectable electric field of the sensor with four electrode elements is 5.7 kV/m, while the maximum electric field that can be detected is more than 240 kV/m. By applying the 1.2/50 s lightning electromagnetic pulse, the frequency response of the sensor is calculated from DC to 200 kHz with variations of less than ±2 dB. All these results investigate that such sensor has potential capability to become a portable instrument for the non‐invasive measurement of intensive power‐frequency electric field in high‐voltage power system.
Design and Analysis of Filler Slab
Authors: Mahananda R K , Mendi Vikas , Raveesh R M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Filler slab technology is an innovative and cost effective technology where the dead load of slab is reduced by replacing the concrete with filler material. The concept behind the use of filler-slab technology is to reduce a substantial portion of concrete in the tension zone, since all the concrete in the tension zone does not contribute to the tensile properties. This concrete is replaced with lightweight, inert and inexpensive filler without compromising with the quality and structural stability of the structure. Two-way slab is designed; the filler blocks are placed between the reinforcement spacing by providing a cover of 20mm. The filler materials are granite dust and foundry sand. This filler slab is analyzed using STAAD.Pro and ANSYS software. Filler slab is compared with the conventional slab of same size. This study describes the Structural behavior and cost effectiveness of filler slab when compared to the standard slab.
Analysis of Traffic Congestion Impacts of Urban Road Network under Indian Condition
Authors: Samal S R , Gireesh Kumar P , Cyril Santhosh J , Santhakumar M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Traffic congestion has been an area of major bother across the globe. The existing infrastructure is not able to cope with the new traffic demand. Furthermore the restriction of the space and outside activities influencing the traffic congestion. The emerging country like India, where the traffic conditions comprise heterogeneous traffic with no lane discipline, further creates more complicated scenarios for the researcher. A substantial portion of working hours is getting wasted on the roads because of traffic congestion, which imposes the negative effect on the overall economy. There has been numerous of literature and studies for analysis of the traffic congestion and its impacts. However, the result has not been much satisfying. In the present study congestion forecast is aimed under mixed traffic with no lane discipline towards identifying the inherent viability of the diversified traffic situation and presents better recommendations in controlling and evading these prolonged traffic jams. The urban highway systems were considered as a study area. Required particulars were collected by a License Plate Matching method using video graphic survey for the day rush timing considered from 8:00 AM to 10:00 AM and off peak hours to estimate the travel time of a distinct class of motorized vehicles for selected sections of the urban roadway. Congestion indices for both the up and down traffic of a particular road were evaluated from the data collected from the video recording. Traffic congestion impacts were analyzed and possible mitigation measures have been suggested. The study mainly focused on traffic jam indices with regarded to travel time reliability measures to observe the functional effectiveness of the urban road network.
Case Study and Analysis of Ecological Restoration Plan of Lakes in Coimbatore
Authors: Natarajan M , Johnpaul V , Sindhu R , Jayalakshmi K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lakes provide both humans and animals with great interest in water conservation because it contributes to their survival. Lakes have many applications, including leisure purposes, related to human activities. The lakes in India need to be protected and restored directly. Owing to unsustainable human activity, much of the lake landscape is a waste water collection storage area. Given this troubling failure of urban water bodies to function, it is essential that the lakes are kept free of pollution and accessible. The proposed work aims to advance the conservation of urban water systems in Coimbatore. The case study on lake rehabilitation (Periyakulam and Valankulam Lake) was examined. The approval and cooperation by Coimbatore City Corporations enhanced the hygienic condition and the ecosystem of the lakes in and around Coimbatore City. As a result, various approaches for restoring water bodies have been suggested.
An Experimental Study on Rehabilitation of Concrete Beam
Authors: Sindhu R , Johnpaul V , Sunil Gulab Singh , Subash P , Sohail Ahamed Z 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The theoretical work explains the structural behaviour of a beam reinforced with Aramid warp on repaired structures with its advantages and disadvantages. The final flexural potential of the AFRP is estimated. Experiments were performed to establish the distribution of load-deflection cracks and the width of cracks of the beams. In this work, four numbers of standard beams of the size 1500x150x100 mm are cast with the main rod diameter of 8 mm and a stirrup diameter of 8 mm with a spacing of 150 mm. After curing, the deflection is measured, and the beams under deflected condition are then wrapped in aramid fibre to improve the strength after a deflection by the epoxy resin coated on the surface. It is checked to verify the increased load capacity and is compared to the traditional beam. The result analogy is studied for the reinforcement of the Aramid fibre with the standard beam.
A Comparative Study on Various Stages of Level of Details in Advanced 3D Building Construction Using BIM Tools
Authors: Tejaswini V , Kesava Rao P , Jaya Shankar G , Nagaraja R , Sinha S K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Building Information Modelling is one of the most emerging technologies that provide productivity, efficiency and compliance in the construction industry. There are various platforms on which the 3D buildings can be created with large viewing capabilities. The current paper concentrates not only on the construction of 3D buildings with extrusions but also compares the various levels of details in two different BIM based 3D softwares namely ESRI City Engine and Revit Architecture. A 3D building object can be represented basically with four LOD levels at each stage of the building construction. The focal point of the current study also reflects the creation of building interiors and their corresponding attribute information to each element of the building. In City Engine software developed by ESRI, CGA codes are modified and customized to enhance the advancement in the building construction such as generation of building mass, segments, Roofs, Facade Creation, and other Architectural elements. These basic blocks of the building are produced by using Rule based pseudo codes in City Engine. The study illustrates a sample building and incorporates these codes to generate the 3D Building and the interiors are designed with more detailed components in Revit software. Hence, BIM is a path that provides effective monitoring, coordination and collaboration in construction field.
A Study on the Consolidation and Permeability Behaviour of Soils of State of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Jayalekshmi S , Elamathi V 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn order to study the consolidation behavior, clay soil samples from 20 various locations of Tamil Nadu, India were collected and subjected to one dimensional consolidation tests. Coefficient of consolidation cv, coefficient of volume change mv, and coefficient of permeability k were plotted against consolidation pressureσfor all the soils. The results showed that the variation of cv with pressureσis not constant for all the soils. It was observed that various soils have shown various trends. Hence, the trends obtained in the study were compared with the literature. From the study, it was found that the variations in the trends were due to mineralogical effects. The consolidation behavior of soil is found to be influenced by clay mineralogy. Similarly k-σ, mv-σtrends were also compared. The study shows that clay mineralogy has reasonable effects on the consolidation and permeability behavior of soil.
Flexural Behavior of Quaternary Blended Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete Slabs Using Mineral Admixtures
Authors: Lakshmi Devi G Sree , Srinivasa Rao Dr P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Greatly used material in the construction industry is concrete in the world environmental concern. The use of SCM’s (Supplementary Cementitious Materials) in concrete is popular in these days and enlarged along with the amassment of concrete industry, due to the discussion of problems associated with the manufacture of cement like taking out of raw material, co2 emission etc. These effects brought pressures to minimize cement consumption by utilization supplemental cementitious materials are Fly ash, Micro Silica, Rice Husk Ash (RHA), GGBS, etc., use of these byproducts facilitates sustainable development at present world scenario. Developing of self-compacting concrete has brought a positive Perception due to several advantages as reduction in pollution of noise due to vibration, decreases in construction time and power consumption through the utilization of supplemental materials. If binder content in concrete is more it leads to environmental impacts. By incorporating maximum cement content with mineral admixtures it improvises properties along with self-compacting concrete. In this Study an experiment made to study the behavior of QBSCC slabs such as Flexural strength, load Vs deflection curves with addition of crimped steel fibers 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%.
Forecasting Future Traffic Trend by Short-Term Continuous Observation
Authors: Mendi Vikas , Srinivasula Reddy I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) is a key parameter to understand the traffic flow rates, traffic density and to design any highway. Generally, short period observed traffic data mainly depends on that season in which the traffic surveys were conducted, which may be high or low compared to the other seasons. So, the behavior of seasonal variation of traffic must be considered for the AADT analysis. These seasonal variations can be found out using the past recorded data of that selected location. But in the case of a location where the past annual traffic data is not available, an alternative method is required to calculate the seasonal variation of the traffic data. The present study deals with the analysis of seasonal variation factors to estimate the AADT from the fuel sale data collected from the nearby petrol stations at the traffic survey point. This work explains how Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) can be estimated from a week’s limited traffic data when there is a scarcity of automatic traffic data collecting systems.
Studies of Concrete Mechanical Properties with Basalt Fibers
Authors: V Biradar Sangmesh , Dileep M Sai , Vijaya Gowri Dr T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Current situation of construction industry demands competency in inventing new materials to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete in its strength point of view as well as durability. Basalt fibers are formed due to melting crushed volcanic basalt rock in a single stage phase. These are non-toxic and environmentally safe. Basalt fibers (BF) are highly resistant to heat, and possess insulating properties apart from having an elastic structure. In this context, the present study has been taken up to study the performance of concrete blended with basalt fibers and their influence on mechanical properties of concrete. The Basalt fibers of different proportions 0%, 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% in volume of concrete added to M40-grade concrete (BFRC)and tested for compressive strength, tensile strength and bending strengths. The results showed that concrete with 0.3% fibers exhibited maximum strength values.
Laboratory Evaluation of Engineering and Strength Properties for Semi Rigid Mixtures
Authors: Sunil S , Naga kumar M S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Semi rigid mixture is a unique type of mixture in recent years, which has two components:Open graded bituminous mix and cement mortar grout. In this study, engineering and strength properties of semi rigid mixtures with three selected gradations are investigated. The flowability, compressive strength and flexural strength are identified to measure the optimum cement mortar grout. Meanwhile for Open graded bituminous mix, volumetric analysis, drain down and cantabro abrasion loss tests are carried out for selected gradations by varying binder content to obtain optimum mixture. Further the compressive strength, flexural strength, stability, tensile strength and durability tests are evaluated for the selected gradations of optimised Semi Rigid mixtures. The results showed that cement mortar grout containing cement to M-Sand ratio of 1:1, water-cement ratio of 0.35 with super plasticizer (polycarboxylic ether polymer) dosage of 0.45% resulted in desired flow of 12 seconds, compressive strength and flexural strength of 27 MPa and 3.5 MPa respectively. The optimum binder contents of Open graded bituminous mix for the selected gradations are found to be in the range of 4.5-5.0%. Furthermore the obtained 4.5% binder content in Semi Rigid mixture have higher engineering and strength properties compared to 5.0% binder content .
Study of HSC by Using Fly Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement & Incorporating of Steel Fibers
Authors: Srinivasa Rao Kotharu , Srinivasa Rao Kuppala 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Concrete is one in all the foremost common building materials used. The current study deals with high strength concrete by adding steel (metallic) fiber material in different volume fractions 0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2% and 1.5% to strengthen the engineering concrete properties and partial replacement of OPC with fly ash in percentages of 0-25% in various ratios. The specimen’s exposure periods of 7, 28 and 56 days on numerous tests like compressive, flexural and split tensile strengths. The research has focused on mechanical and durability properties of high strength concrete. It was observed that 20% fly ash replacement produces the max compressive strength parameters with 1.2% crimped steel fibers, but, the split tensile and flexural strength of concrete was maximum at 25% fly ash along with 1.5% steel fibers. Furthermore, the durability of concrete has conducted such as acid attack due to HCl and H2SO4. The minimum loss of weight produces at the 25% fly ash is 2.98% and 2.81% by HCl and H2SO4.
Dynamics of steppe arable land in zones of oil fields development (Orenburg region)
Authors: Grudinin D A , Myachina K V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The reported paper presents the analysis data on the arable land dynamics in oil extraction zones. The long-term development of oil fields leads inevitably to farmland losses for a variety of destructive processes and, as a consequence, to withdrawal of lands from a turnover, and land abandonment. Our study was carried out on two sample territories in the steppe zone of Orenburg region with two key land utilization sectors – agriculture and long-term oil extraction. To reveal the dynamics of agricultural lands and oil fields we adapted time series of satellite (Landsat) imagery. An analysis was divided into several phases dealing with quantity-related assessment of fields withdrawn from the farmland turnover and tracing the relationship between their position and objects of oil extraction infrastructure. A period of interest covered 40 years – from 1980 to 2020. The research has highlighted a thirteen and eightfold increase of zones with oil production facilities on the first and second territory, respectively. Recently, 24% and 26% oil fields are located on arable lands. Another outcome of the study is that the expansion of territories designated for subsurface use is the reason that both directly abandoned areas and neighboring lands are removed from the farmland turnover. Agricultural lands affected by oil fields are at a high risk of being withdrawn from the turnover – losses may range to the firth of arable lands.
Arctic Reindeer Herding and Ecology: When Economy is Impossible without Safeguarding Ethnocultural Distinctiveness
Authors: Gorbunova A. , Zadorin M. , Kuprikov N. , Saveliev I. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper considers environmental issues related to the field of agriculture in the Russian Arctic exemplified by the research into statutory regulation of economic, cultural and ecological aspects of reindeer herding by a small-numbered indigenous people called the Nenets. Using the example of the Nenets Autonomous Area, the authors provide insight into the measures implemented to control the deer-feeding capacity of pastures for the purposes of sustainable use. The article gives an estimate as to the promptness of actions taken to prevent the loss of cattle across the Yamal Peninsula due to the spread of Siberian plague. While giving prominence to the successful regional practices of Yakutia, the authors also emphasize the necessity for the introduction of amendments to the Russian legislation regarding the procedure of ethnological expert examination to the extent that it shall include the opinions given by the officials of organizations representing the interests of small-numbered indigenous peoples inhabiting the territory in question. A legislative gap in the above-mentioned field results in emergency measures replacing preventive measures in the face of potential anthropogenic disasters similar to the one which took place in Norilsk in the summer of 2020. One of the authors was born in the Kanin tundra of the Nenets Autonomous Area and represents an indigenous and nomadic Nenets people.
Environmental Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils in the Kamyshlovskaya Valley and Revival of Natural Grassland Efficiency
Authors: Kuzmin A I , Tusupbekov Zh A , Ryapolova N L , Nadtochiy V S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Agricultural use of saline soils is possible only through implementing reclamation measures on their desalinization. The removal of salt from soils is a cost-demanding and time-consuming process. Expenses related to the treatment of saline soils are connected with a desalinization method and include costs of water supply to a saline area and its drainage. A reasonable project cost, as well as efficient water consumption depends on the use of natural environment conditions. The reported paper presents the assessment of water recourses in the drainage area of the valley valley, it is focused on the restoration of water bodies in the Kamyshlovsky log, stabilization of their balance, and environmental improvement; the study suggests economic perspectives of saline and alkali soils. The latter is essential to revive the efficiency of natural grasslands in the valley and its use as a disposal of production and household waste water from surrounding rural settlements.
Formalized model of agricultural insurance development strategy as an element of industry management digitalization
Authors: Zhichkin K , Nosov V , Zhichkina L , Tarakanov A , Zhenzhebir V , Sterlikov F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the possibilities of agricultural production management digitalization with formalized models, using the example of state support for agricultural insurance. The aim of the study is to adapt the BCG model for use as a tool for designing a development strategy for agricultural insurance with state support. Tasks: - determine the possibilities of using the BCG model to design an agricultural insurance development strategy; - offer a model parameters system; - define a set of strategies in the framework of the goal. Putting the model into practice will make the existing state support system more transparent and predictable, depending mainly on the objectives of state policy and the actual indicators achieved by the industry. At the costs high level offered by these measures, the system involves the creation of a sustainable market for insurance services, regulated by both economic and administrative mechanisms. The presence of such decisions totality will automate the decision-making process at the industry management level; ensure the agricultural policy continuity in the long term.