bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stem rust in Western Siberia – race composition and effective resistance genes
Authors: Shamanin V. P. , Pototskaya I. V. , Shepelev S. S. , Pozherukova V. E. , Salina E. A. , Skolotneva E. S. , Hodson D. , Hovmøller M. , Patpour M. , Morgounov A. I. 
Published: April 2020

Stem rust in recent years has acquired an epiphytotic character, causing significant economic damage for wheat production in some parts of Western Siberia. On the basis of a race composition study of the stem rust populations collected in 2016–2017 in Omsk region and Altai Krai, 13 pathotypes in Omsk population and 10 in Altai population were identified. The race differentiation of stem rust using a tester set of 20 North American Sr genes differentiator lines was carried out. The genes of stem rust pathotypes of the Omsk population are avirulent only to the resistance gene Sr31, Altai isolates are avirulent not only to Sr31, but also to Sr24, and Sr30. A low frequency of virulence (10–25 %) of the Omsk population pathotypes was found for Sr11, Sr24,Sr30, and for Altai population – Sr7b,Sr9b,Sr11,SrTmp, which are ineffective in Omsk region. Field evaluations of resistance to stem rust were made in 2016–2018 in Omsk region in the varieties and spring wheat lines from three different sources. The first set included 58 lines and spring bread wheat varieties with identified Sr genes – the so-called trap nursery (ISRTN – International Stem Rust Trap Nursery). The second set included spring wheat lines from the Arsenal collection, that were previously selected according to a complex of economically valuable traits, with genes for resistance to stem rust, including genes introgressed into the common wheat genome from wild cereal species. The third set included spring bread wheat varieties created in the Omsk State Agrarian University within the framework of a shuttle breeding program, with a synthetic wheat with the Ae. tauschiigenome in their pedigrees. It was established that the resistance genes Sr31, Sr40,Sr2 complexare effective against stem rust in the conditions of Western Siberia. The following sources with effective Srgenes were selected: (Benno)/6*LMPG-6 DK42, Seri 82, Cham 10, Bacanora (Sr31), RL 6087 Dyck (Sr40), Amigo (Sr24,1RS-Am), Siouxland (Sr24,Sr31), Roughrider (Sr6, Sr36), Sisson (Sr6,Sr31,Sr36), and Fleming (Sr6,Sr24,Sr36,1RS-Am), Pavon 76 (Sr2 complex) from the ISRTN nursery; No. 1 BC 1F2 (96 × 113) × 145 × 113 (Sr2,Sr36,Sr44), No. 14а F 3(96 × 113) × 145 (Sr36,Sr44), No. 19 BC 2F3(96 × 113) × 113 (Sr2, Sr36, Sr44), and No. 20 F 3 (96 × 113) × 145 (Sr2,Sr36,Sr40, Sr44) from the Arsenal collection; and the Omsk State Agrarian University varieties Element 22 (Sr31,Sr35), Lutescens 27-12, Lutescens 87-12 (Sr23,Sr36), Lutescens 70-13, and Lutescens 87-13 (Sr23,Sr31,Sr36). These sources are recommended for inclusion in the breeding process for developing stem rust resistant varieties in the region.
Septoriablotch epidemic process on spring wheat varieties
Authors: Toropova E. Yu. , Kazakova O. A. , Piskarev V. V. 
Published: April 2020

The Septoriablotch of spring wheat leaves and ears is one of the most economically significant infections in the Siberian region. In the control systems of Septoriablotch the main ecologically safe element is resistant varieties, which are designed to slow down the pathogens reproduction rate and slow down or stop the development of the epiphytotic process. The purpose of the work was to clarify the species composition of Septoriablotch pathogens for West Siberian regions and spring wheat varieties, to study the epiphytotic process of Septoriadifferentially on the leaves and ears of varieties, and to evaluate the activity of seed transmission of Parastagonospora nodorum. Studies were carried out in 2016–2018 according to generally accepted methods. Septorialeaf and ear blotch of spring wheat is widespread in West Siberia and the Trans-Urals, causing a decrease in yield by up to 50 % or more with the deterioration in grain quality. The causative agents of the disease are P. nodorum, Septoria tritici, and P. avenaef. sp. triticae, and the species ratio varied across the regions and varieties, and within plant organs. In Novosibirsk Region, P. nodorumcompletely dominated; S. triticiwas 13.8 times less common; and P. avenae f. sp. triticaewas a singleton. In Tyumen Region, the dominance of P. nodorumwas disrupted in some geographic locations by S. triticiand P. avenaef. sp. triticae. In Altai Krai, P. nodorumpredominated at all points studied; S. tritici and P. avenaef. sp. triticaewere found everywhere, but 5.6 and 8.6 times less often, respectively. The study of spring wheat varieties of different origins has not revealed any samples immune to Septoriablotch. A differen tiated manifestation of resistance to Septorialeaf and ear disease has been established. Some varieties show complex resistance, combining reduced susceptibility to Septorialeaf and ear disease. Seed infection with P. nodorumin the regions of Siberia reached 7 thresholds and was largely (52.5 %) determined by the August weather conditions. The study of the collection of spring wheat varieties from three Siberian regions has revealed the following trend. Transmission of P. nodorumwith the seeds of varieties was the most active (7.6 %) in Novosibirsk Region and somewhat weaker in Omsk Region (5.7 %). The most favorable phytosanitary situation was in Kurgan Region, where varieties transmitted P. nodorumto a low degree (2.1 %), below the threshold.
Whole-genome association studies of distribution of developmental abnormalities and other breeding-valuable qualitative traits in offspring of the Russian large-white boars
Authors: Traspov A. A. , Kostyunina O. V. , Belous A. A. , Karpushkina T. V. , Svejenceva N. A. , Zinovieva N. A. 
Published: April 2020

Identifying genome regions that are directly or indirectly associated with developmental defects and malformations in domesticated pigs can help identify genomic traits used as biomarkers of the structural and functional composition of the body, their metabolic status and genetic diseases as well. Such studies are directly related to the improvement of the economic efficiency, as they allow identification and exclusion of defect animals, who may carry target genes not appearing phenotypically, from the breeding process. In the current work, we have searched for these kind of target genes and genome regions with conducting the genome-wide association studies using PorcineSNP60K BeadChips (Illumina, San Diego, USA). A total of 48 boars of a large white breed of the nucleus farm “Znamenskoe” were analyzed for 21 traits of indicated shortcomings of the exterior and defects of development in 39,153 their offspring. Calculations were made using a mixed type linear model in package GEMMA. In this study, we selected only 36,704 polymorphic SNPs from an initial 61,000-strong SNP set. After GWAS, we obtained 24 alleles in 11 corresponding genes (P < 0.1) in the genome of pigs, which are significantly correlated with traits of developmental abnormalities such as anal atresia (ARMC7,FANCC,RND3,ENSSSCG00000017216), limb problems (PAWR,NTM,OPCML,ENSSSCG00000040250, ENSSSCG00000017018) and tremor of piglets (RIC3,ENSSSCG00000032665). Also, co-expression of the NTM,OPCMLand RND3genes was revealed. This study confirms the relevance of using the single SNP detection according to the single trait approach in associative studies, even for small sample numbers.
Modern classification and molecular-genetic aspects of osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Zaripova A. R. , Khusainova R. I. 
Published: April 2020

Osteogenesis imperfecta (imperfect osteogenesis in the Russian literature) is the most common hereditary form of bone fragility, it is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease with a wide range of clinical severity, often leading to disability from early childhood. It is based on genetic disorders leading to a violation of the structure of bone tissue, which leads to frequent fractures, impaired growth and posture, with the development of characteristic disabling bone deformities and associated problems, including respiratory, neurological, cardiac, renal impairment, hearing loss. Osteogenesis imperfecta occurs in both men and women, the disease is inherited in both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive types, there are sporadic cases of the disease due to de novomutations, as well as X-linked forms. The term “osteogenesis imperfecta” was coined by W. Vrolick in the 1840s. The first classification of the disease was made in 1979 and has been repeatedly reviewed due to the identification of the molecular cause of the disease and the discovery of new mechanisms for the development of osteogenesis imperfecta. In the early 1980s, mutations in two genes of collagen type I (COL1A1and COL1A2) were first associated with an autosomal dominant inheritance type of osteogenesis imperfecta. Since then, 18 more genes have been identified whose products are involved in the formation and mineralization of bone tissue. The degree of genetic heterogeneity of the disease has not yet been determined, researchers continue to identify new genes involved in its pathogenesis, the number of which has reached 20. In the last decade, it has become known that autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked mutations in a wide range of genes, encoding proteins that are involved in the synthesis of type I collagen, its processing, secretion and post-translational modification, as well as in proteins that regulate the differentiation and activity of bone-forming cells, cause imperfect osteogenesis. A large number of causative genes complicated the classical classification of the disease and, due to new advances in the molecular basis of the disease, the classification of the disease is constantly being improved. In this review, we systematized and summarized information on the results of studies in the field of clinical and genetic aspects of osteogenesis imperfecta and reflected the current state of the classification criteria for diagnosing the disease.
Yaşlanma ve Karar Verme Süreçleri: Duygu Düzenlemenin Rolü
Authors: ÖZDEŞ Aylin 
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada duygu düzenlemenin karar verme mekanizmaları üzerindeki
etkilerinin ve bu etkilerin yaşlılık döneminde
uğradığı değişikliklerin, alan yazındaki çalışmalar ışığında incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Duygu düzenleme bireylerin olumsuz bir tecrübe karşısında duygularını kontrol
ederek olumlu duygu durumunu muhafaza edebilme becerisi olarak tanımlanır.
Duygu düzenleme becerisinin bireylerin kararları üzerinde yadsınamaz bir etkisi
bulunur. Karar verme sürecinde duygu düzenleme becerisi kullanıldığında karar öncesinde
algılanan risk ve kazanç-kayıp algısı değişir. Karar sonrasında ise hissedilen
memnuniyet artarken, yas süreci daha çabuk atlatılır. Dolayısıyla karar verme
süreci birden fazla aşamada duygu düzenlemeden etkilenir. Bu etki, mantıksal
çıkarım yerine duygu ve dürtülere bağlı kararlarda daha güçlü bir biçimde görülür.
Yaşamın ilerleyen yıllarında bireylerin duygu düzenleme becerileri gelişir ve bu
değişim duygu düzenleme ile karar verme ilişkisini daha güçlü kılar. Yaşlılar olumlu duygulara odaklandığı için
daha fazla risk alır. Ancak kararlarının sonucundan daha fazla tatmin olarak iyi
oluş düzeylerini yüksek tutabilirler. Bu durum sağlıklı yaşlılarda daha
belirginken sağlıksız yaşlılarda duygu düzenleme becerisinin kararlar
üzerindeki etkisi daha zayıftır. Mevcut çalışmada yaşlılık sürecinde duygu düzenleme
becerisinin karar öncesi ve sonrasındaki süreçler üzerindeki etkisi sistematik
bir biçimde ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmada
gelecek araştırmalar için teorik bir altyapı sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca bu
ilişkilerin bilinmesi klinik alanda müdahale programları oluşturularak
yaşlıların yaşam kalitelerini arttırmada kullanılabilir.
AMBIVALENCIJA U KREATIVNOJ PRODUKCIJI STUDENATA UMETNOSTI
Authors: Ristić Irena J. , Milošević Miloš 
Published: April 2020

Savremeni autori produbljuju uvide o kreativnom procesu ispitujući homospacijalno mišljenje zasnovano na ukrštanju udaljenih asocijacija koje su suprotstavljene u razvoju novih ideja. Upitno je da li se ukrštanje zasniva isključivo na pretpostavkama semiotičke raznorodnosti, ili pak emocije imaju izvesnu ulogu u povezivanju različitih asocijacija. Cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitati razlike između sadržaja koji izazivaju kongruentne i nekongruentne emocionalne doživljaje u pogledu njihovog delovanja na kreativnu produkciju. Stepen kongruentnosti emocionalnog doživljaja kontrolisan je na dimenzijama valence i pobuđenosti. U eksperimentu su učestvovali studenti dramskih umetnosti (N = 32), a za vizuelnu stimulaciju korišćena je IAPS baza (International Affective Picture System): Ukrštanjem 32 fotografije napravljeno je 56 superponiranih vizuelnih kompozicija u kojima su vrednosti valence i pobuđenosti sistematski varirane, tako da se uzorak sastojao od kompozicija izrazitog, umerenog i odsutnog kontrasta kako na dimenziji valence tako i pobuđenosti, kao i kompozicija koje su u potpunosti neutralne jer imaju srednje vrednosti na obe dimenzije. Nakon izlaganja od studenata je traženo da za svaku kompoziciju smisle kreativan naslov, dok je kreativnost merena pomoću koeficijenata zasnovanih na proceni originalnosti i intencionalnosti odgovora. Analizom varijanse potvrđen je efekat kontrasta na dimenziji valence, ali ne i pobuđenosti. Kontrast valence pozitivno je koreliran sa kreativnošću i može biti njen prediktor. Rezultati proširuju uvide o homospacijalnom mišljenja i delimično mogu biti objašnjeni psihodinamskim konceptom reparacije, potvrđujući pritom značajnu ulogu ambivalencije u generativnim procesima.
IMPORTÂNCIA DAS CUIDADORAS NA CONSTITUIÇÃO PSÍQUICA DE CRIANÇAS INSTITUCIONALIZADAS
Authors: C. R. Silva Marjorie , A. Fiamenghi-Jr Geraldo , T. Martins Jessica , T. Martins Nellie , F. Xavier Maria 
Published: April 2020

O vínculo é uma das formas de se demonstrar a afetividade e permite um desenvolvimento psíquico mais saudável. Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo compreender a importância do cuidado e acolhimento realizado por parte das cuidadoras na construção do vínculo, visando reduzir o sofrimento de crianças institucionalizadas. Foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com nove cuidadoras de uma Associação localizada numa cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados mostraram que as cuidadoras desenvolvem vínculo afetivo com as crianças, e contribuem na amenização dos impactos da institucionalização, uma vez que realizam o papel de figura materna. Em contrapartida, as cuidadoras demonstraram um descontentamento com a instituição referente ao número reduzido de funcionárias, destacando a alta rotatividade como um fator que prejudica o cuidado das crianças. Além disso, apresentaram dificuldades em compreender o limite de envolvimento afetivo com as crianças, para que seja uma relação saudável para ambas as partes. Espera-se que os resultados desta pesquisa forneçam conhecimento às cuidadoras, referente à importância no processo de cuidar, e o papel do vínculo no desenvolvimento psíquico ao longo do processo de abrigamento.
Palavras-chave: desenvolvimento psíquico; cuidadoras; vínculo.
AVALIAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES PRÉ-TRATAMENTOS QUÍMICOS EM BIOMASSAS DE BARU PARA OBTENÇÃO DE BIOPRODUTOS
Authors: Santana Junior Claudio Carneiro , Rambo Magale Karine Diel , De Melo Polyana Morais , Katharine Souza Romano Joelma , Rambo Michele Cristiane Diel 
Published: April 2020

O baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) possui grande potencial energético para a produção de bioprodutos, a partir do pericarpo e mesocarpo. O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a biomassa residual (endocarpo e mesocarpo) de baru para a obtenção de bioprodutos em processos de biorrefinarias. Cada amostra foi analisada em duplicata e o espectro médio foi utilizado. Foram realizadas análises aproximadas de umidade, cinzas, VMC, FC e matéria orgânica. As biomassas foram pré-tratadas com peroxidativos e solução alcalina submetidos à hidrólise ácida para produção de açúcares. As caracterizações físico-químicas mostraram que, em geral, as biomassas do endocarpo e mesocarpo de baru podem fornecer uma gama de produtos de valor agregado, pois seus parâmetros se encaixam nas exigências da biorrefinaria, tais como: alto teor de carboidratos, baixo teor de umidade, extrativos e cinzas. Maiores teores de lignina contribuem para a obtenção de insumos aromáticos e carvão, do qual foram obtidos para o epicarpo bruto.
Quem tem notável saber jurídico? O papel da Presidência da República e do Senado Federal no processo de nomeação dos ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal na Constituição Federal de 1988
Authors: Silveira Daniel Barile da 
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo busca desvendar qual o papel exercido pela Presidência da República e pelo Senado Federal no processo de nomeação dos Ministros do Supremo Tribunal Federal. A partir do marco constitucional, o estudo busca desvendar quais os processos que se realizam na prática política brasileira que caracterizam o modelo de escolha da mais alta cúpula judicial. Diante de que a Constituição de 88 orienta que são estes dois órgãos os responsáveis por indicar e nomear estas autoridades, é importante compreender como que o Supremo Tribunal Federal está sendo escolhido desde então, evidenciando o potencial uso de instrumentos de controle para que a decisão democrática possa adquirir a legitimidade devida e desejada. A partir de uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa, busca-se medir o comportamento político destes órgãos, de maneira a demonstrar as tendências de uso estratégico do poder para a escolha do Ministro do STF.
A self-administered, artificial intelligence (AI) platform for cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis (MS)
Authors: Khaligh-Razavi Seyed-Mahdi , Sadeghi Maryam , Khanbagi Mahdiyeh , Kalafatis Chris , Nabavi Seyed Massood 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Cognitive impairment is common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Accurate and repeatable measures of cognition have the potential to be used as markers of disease activity. Methods We developed a 5-minute computerized test to measure cognitive dysfunction in patients with MS. The proposed test – named the Integrated Cognitive Assessment (ICA) – is self-administered and language-independent. 91 MS patients and 83 healthy controls (HC) took part in Substudy 1, in which each participant took the ICA test and the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS). We assessed ICA’s test-retest reliability, its correlation with BICAMS, its sensitivity to discriminate patients with MS from the HC group, and its accuracy in detecting cognitive dysfunction. In Substudy 2, we recruited 48 MS patients, 38 of which had received an 8-week physical and cognitive rehabilitation programme and 10 MS patients who did not. We examined the association between the level of serum neurofilament light (NfL) in these patients and their ICA scores and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) scores pre- and post-rehabilitation. Results The ICA demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (r=0.94), with no learning bias, and showed a high level of convergent validity with BICAMS. The ICA was sensitive in discriminating the MS patients from the HC group, and demonstrated high accuracy (AUC = 95%) in discriminating cognitively normal from cognitively impaired participants. Additionally, we found a strong association (r=-0.79) between ICA score and the level of NfL in MS patients before and after rehabilitation. Conclusions The ICA has the potential to be used as a digital marker of cognitive impairment and to monitor response to therapeutic interventions. In comparison to standard cognitive tools for MS, the ICA is shorter in duration, does not show a learning bias, and is independent of language.
Development of a computer-based quantification method for immunohistochemically-stained tissues and its application to study mast cells in equine wound healing (proof of concept)
Authors: Dubuc Valerie , Laverty Sheila , Richard Hélène , Doré Monique , Theoret Christine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : There is a growing interest in the scientific community to use computer-based software programs for the quantification of cells during physiological and pathophysiological processes. Drawbacks of computer-based methods currently used to quantify immunohistochemical staining are the complexity of use, expense of software and overly-simplified descriptions of protocol thereby limiting reproducibility. The precise role of mast cells in equine cutaneous wound healing is unknown. Given the contribution of mast cells to the chronic inflammation observed in human keloid, a pathology similar to exuberant granulation tissue (EGT) in horses, mast cells might be present in high numbers in equine limb wounds predisposed to EGT. The main goal of this study was to develop a reliable and reproducible quantification method for immunostained tissues using a computer software that is widely available, at no cost, to the scientific community. A secondary goal was to conduct a proof of concept using the newly-established method to quantify mast cells during wound healing at different anatomical sites (body and limb) in horses to see if a different pattern is observed in limb wounds , which are predisposed to EGT. Results : A good intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC, 0.67 p < 0.05) was found between the computer-based ImageJ method and manual counting. An excellent intra-operator ICC of 0.90 (p < 0.01) was found for the ImageJ quantification method while a good interoperator ICC of 0.69 (p < 0.01) was measured. No significant difference was observed between the variation of the ImageJ and that of the manual counting method. Mast cells were localized below the epidermis, around cutaneous appendages and blood vessels. Mast cell numbers did not differ significantly in relation to anatomical location or time of healing. Conclusions : The computer-based quantification method developed is reliable, reproducible, available, cost-free and could be used to study different physiological and pathological processes using immunohistochemistry.