bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and optical properties of monocrystalline and polycrystalline gold plasmonic nanorods
Authors: Kejík Lukáš , Horák Michal , Šikola Tomáš , Křápek Vlastimil 
Published: October 2020

The quality of lithographically prepared structures is intimately related to the properties of the metal film from which they are fabricated. Here we compare two kinds of thin gold films on a silicon nitride membrane: a conventional polycrystalline thin film deposited by magnetron sputtering and monocrystalline gold microplates that were chemically synthesised directly on the membrane’s surface for the first time. Both pristine metals were used to fabricate plasmonic nanorods using focused ion beam lithography. The structural and optical properties of the nanorods were characterized by analytical transmission electron microscopy including electron energy loss spectroscopy. The dimensions of the nanorods in both substrates reproduced well the designed size of

240
×
80

n

m
2

with the deviations up to 20 nm in both length and width. The shape reproducibility was considerably improved among monocrystalline nanorods fabricated from the same microplate. Interestingly, monocrystalline nanorods featured inclined boundaries while the boundaries of the polycrystalline nanorods were upright. Q factors and peak loss probabilities of the modes in both structures are within the experimental uncertainty identical. We demonstrate that the optical response of the plasmonic nanorods is not deteriorated when the polycrystalline metal is used instead of the monocrystalline metal.
KI schlägt Mensch?!
Authors: Theobald Elke , Malthaner Maren , Föhl Ulrich 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie wachsende Bedeutung des eCommerce macht automatisierte Anwendungen im Shop-Management immer relevanter. Sehr hohes Potenzial wird der automatisierten Texterstellung in Online-Shops zugeschrieben. Der Beitrag stellt wichtige Merkmale der Produktbeschreibungen zusammen und vergleicht in einer empirischen Analyse automatisch und menschlich erstellte Produkttexte. Das Untersuchungsdesign berücksichtigt ein breites Spektrum an Erfolgskriterien für Produktbeschreibungen.
Problembereiche verteilter agiler Teams: Literaturanalyse und Praxisimplikationen
Authors: Haslinger Lukas , Sikora Hermann , Riedl René 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungSeit Bestehen des Agilen Manifests 2001 bildeten sich vermehrt agile Softwareentwicklungs-Teams, die sich in Aufbau und Funktionsweise voneinander unterscheiden. Viele dieser Teams verteilen sich auf mehrere Standorte. Der Grad der Verteilung kann dabei von „in unterschiedlichen Gebäuden auf einem Firmengelände“ bis hin zu „anderer Kontinent“ reichen. Da das Agile Manifest auf stetige informelle Kommunikation (kurze, unbürokratische Wege) und vergleichsweise wenig Dokumentation setzt, sind bei verteilten Teams Schwierigkeiten und Probleme zu erwarten, wenn die Werte des Manifests konsequent verfolgt werden. Ein verteiltes Softwareentwicklungs-Projekt birgt an sich bereits Risiken (z. B. im Wissenstransfer zwischen den Entwicklern), wobei bei einem verteilten agilen Projekt zusätzliche Probleme auftreten können. Die Fachliteratur befasst sich seit rund 15 Jahren mit dieser Problematik. Befunde empirischer Studien beschreiben verschiedene Problembereiche; zudem werden Lösungswege erläutert. Im gegenständlichen Beitrag wird der aktuelle Stand der Literatur analysiert, um die wichtigsten Problembereiche herauszuarbeiten. Die Beschreibung dieser Problembereiche hilft insbesondere Handlungs- und Entscheidungsträgern in der Praxis, potenzielle Schwierigkeiten verteilter agiler Teams zu erkennen. Dies ist eine wesentliche Grundlage für proaktives Management, um die möglichen negativen Wirkungen zu vermeiden.
Taper models for black locust in west Poland
Authors: Bronisz Karol , Zasada Michał 
Published: October 2020

The diameter at any point on a stem and tree volume are some of the most important types of information used in forest management planning. One of the methods to predict the diameter at any point on a stem is to develop taper models. Black locust ( L.) occurs in almost all forests in Poland, with the largest concentration in the western part of the country. Using empirical data obtained from 13 black locust stands (48 felled trees), seven taper models with different numbers of estimated parameters were analysed for section diameters both over and under bark using fixed and mixed-effects modelling approaches. Assuming a lack of additional measurements, the best fitted taper models were used for the prediction of over bark volume using both methods. The predicted volume was compared with the results from different volume equations available for black locust. The variable-form taper model with eight estimated parameters fitted the data the best. The lowest root mean square error for volume prediction was achieved for the elaborated fixed-effects taper model (0.0476), followed by the mixed-effects taper model (0.0489). At the same time, the difference between the volume relative errors achieved based on the taper models does not differ significantly from the results obtained using the volume equations already available for black locust (two of the three analysed).Robinia pseudoacacia
Purifikasi Alami Sungai Bedadung Hilir Menggunakan Pemodelan Streeter-Phelps
Authors: Wahyuningsih Sri , Dharmawan Agus , Novita Elida 
Published: October 2020

Latar Belakang: Sungai Bedadung hilir berada di Kabupaten Jember dan merupakan bagian sungai utama di DAS Bedadung. Sungai ini berperan penting bagi kehidupan masyarakat Jember. Kegiatan pengunaan lahan mengubah fungsi sungai menjadi saluran pembuang limbah. Limbah organik masuk ke badan air Sungai Bedadung dan menurunkan oksigen terlarut di perairan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh dengan melakukan pengukuran debit dan kualitas air (Temperatur, DO dan BOD) sungai di lima titik pantau. Data tersebut kemudian diolah dan digunakan sebagai input variabel persamaan Streeter-Phelps.Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan laju deoksigenasi dan reoksigenasi Sungai Bedadung hilir tertinggi berada pada BDG02 masing-masing 7.997 mg/L.hari dan 19.168 mg/L/hari. Purifikasi alami yang dimodelkan dengan persamaan Streeter-Phelps, pada BDG02 tidak menunjukkan tren penurunan oksigen terlarut, sedangkan empat titik yang lain cenderung turun, mencapai kondisi kritis dan saturai di waktu yang berbeda. Hasil pembuktian model menunjukkan terjadi perbedaan nilai DO model terhadap kondisi lapangan (DO aktual).Simpulan: Aplikasi pemodelan Streeter-Phelps untuk menganalisis purifikasi alami Sungai Bedadung tidak dapat menunjukkan kesesuaian dengan kondisi lapang, karena proses deoksigenasi dan reoksigenasi di sepanjang sungai selalu berbeda dengan model bergantung pada tambahan pencemar dan hidraulik sungai. ABSTRACTTitle :Background: Bedadung Downstream, at Jember Region, is the primary river of Bedadung basin. The river has its meaningful advantages to public activities. Change of land uses the stream functions to a big drainage channel. Organic pollutants entrance to the water body and decrease the concentration of dissolved oxygen.Methods: This research was descriptive. The primary data was obtained by measuring stream flows and water quality (Temperature, DO, and BOD) at five observed stations. The data were processed and used as variable inputs to the Streeter-Phelps equation.Results: Based on the research conducted, BDG02 had the highest values of deoxygenation and reoxygenation rates, which were 7.997 mg/L.day and 19.168 mg/L.day respectively. DOmod at BDG02 tends to line up, whereas DOmod at four stations had a tendency to declined to critical conditions and rise to the saturation condition at different times. DO sag model was different from actual DO, which measured directly in the water body.Conclusions: The use of the Streeter-Phelps equation to analyze the self-purification of Bedadung downstream wasn’t appropriate with the field conditions. Deoxygenation and reoxygenation process in the river body was typically difference with the model applied, which were affected by organic pollutants and stream hydraulics.
Antioxidant activity as a response to cadmium pollution in three durum wheat genotypes differing in salt-tolerance
Authors: Pastuszak Jakub , Kopeć Przemysław , Płażek Agnieszka , Gondek Krzysztof , Szczerba Anna , Hornyák Marta , Dubert Franciszek 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDurum wheat is commonly used in various food industry industries and cultivated worldwide. A serious problem with the species cultivation is its capability to accumulate cadmium (Cd) in the grains. The aim of this study is to investigate whether antioxidant activity may be used as a marker of Cd tolerance in durum wheat. The experiment involved three durum wheat genotypes/lines differing in salt tolerance. The plant response to Cd was appraised based on the activity of ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle enzymes, ascorbate-to-dehydroascorbate ratio, reduced-to-oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH:GSSG), as well as Cd content in the seeds. The highest activity of dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase was noted in control plants of salt-sensitive cultivar “Tamaroi.” In the presence of Cd, activity of these enzymes was considerably reduced. “Tamaroi” plants demonstrated also the highest Cd content in the grain. In conclusion, we identified the cultivar “Tamaroi” as most susceptible to cadmium, and the level of durum wheat sensitivity to the element can be evaluated based on a significant decrease in the activity of AsA–GSH cycle enzymes and GSH:GSSG ratio.
Obstruction to a Higman embedding theorem for residually finite groups with solvable word problem
Authors: Rauzy Emmanuel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We prove that, for a finitely generated residually finite group, having solvable word problem is not a sufficient condition to be a subgroup of a finitely presented residually finite group.
The obstruction is given by a residually finite group with solvable word problem for which there is no effective method that allows, given some non-identity element, to find a morphism onto a finite group in which this element has a non-trivial image.
We also prove that the depth function of this group grows faster than any recursive function.
Changing one’s mind: The limits of rationality?
Authors: Ben-Menahem Yemima 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study, I juxtapose the views of Edna Ullmann-Margalit and Menachem Fisch on radical changes of mind. I note in particular the common aspects of their proposal that typically, radical change is not, indeed, cannot be justified by reasons. Their responses to and arguments for this threat to rationality are critically examined. Hili Razinsky’s analysis of ambivalence is shown to contribute to the understanding of change by providing a broader perspective on the rationality of belief. Her work thus provides a promising alternative to the above positions and the impasse they confront.
Ὦ Φαληρεύς: Plato,Symp. 172a
Authors: Allen Archibald 
Published: October 2020

AbstractScholarly efforts to detect playfulness in the address to Apollodorus at Pl.Symp. 172a are reviewed and found unsatisfactory. In keeping with the dialogue’s erotic theme and comic spirit, a small supplemental emendation of the address’s Φαληρεύς is proposed to effect a phallic mock-demotic à la Aristophanes, Φαλ<λ>ηρεύς.
Ein Laboratorium des Ausnahmezustands
Authors: Keil André , Stibbe Matthew 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Der Beitrag untersucht Kontinuitäten im Einsatz von Schutzhaft als Mittel des Ausnahmezustands zwischen 1914 und 1923 mit einem Fokus auf die beiden größten deutschen Staaten, Preußen und Bayern. Er behandelt Schutzhaft nicht nur als juristisches Konstrukt, sondern als einen neuen, experimentellen Raum für exekutives Handeln gegen eine Bandbreite von imaginierten, sowohl sozialen wie politischen „internen Feinden“. Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass Unterschiede zwischen den formalen rechtlichen Ordnungsrahmen bezüglich der Schutzhaft in Preußen und Bayern wenig Auswirkungen auf ihre praktische Anwendung oder ihre politische Zielsetzung hatten. Weiterhin erzeugte die Schutzhaft in beiden Staaten Mentalitäten, die lange nach Ende des Kriegs selbst weiterbestanden und dabei halfen, die gewaltorientierten Fundamente der frühen Weimarer Jahre zu legen. Jedoch sorgten eine Reihe von Kontrollmechanismen – auch im rechtlichen und politischen Bereich – dafür, dass es sich hier nicht um direkte Vorboten des Naziterrors von 1933/34 handelt.
Induction of Short-Term Sensitization by an Aversive Chemical Stimulus in Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Roberts Adam C. , Alzagatiti Joseph B. , Ly Duy T. , Chornak Julia M. , Ma Yuqi , Razee Asif , Zavradyan Gohar , Khan Umair , Lewis Julia , Natarajan Aishwarya , Baibussinov Alisher , Emtage Jasmine , Komaranchath Meghna , Richards Jared , Hoang Michelle , Alipio Jason , Laurent Emma , Kumar Amit , Campbell C. S. , Stark Rebecca , Carmona Javier , Hussain Anjum , Scaramella Courtney , Husain Jenan , Buck Reed , Jafarpour Ava , Garcia Miguel , Mendoza Steve , Sandoval Gerardo , Agundez Brandon , Fink Amanda , Osadi Felicia , Deutsch Emily , Hernandez Sarah C. , Arisaka Katsushi , Glanzman David L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLarval zebrafish possess a number of molecular and genetic advantages for rigorous biological analyses of learning and memory. These advantages have motivated the search for novel forms of memory in these animals that can be exploited for understanding the cellular and molecular bases of vertebrate memory formation and consolidation. Here, we report a new form of behavioral sensitization in zebrafish larvae that is elicited by an aversive chemical stimulus [allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)] and that persists for ≥30 min. This form of sensitization is expressed as enhanced locomotion and thigmotaxis, as well as elevated heart rate. To characterize the neural basis of this nonassociative memory, we used transgenic zebrafish expressing the fluorescent calcium indicator GCaMP6 (Chen et al., 2013); because of the transparency of larval zebrafish, we could optically monitor neural activity in the brain of intact transgenic zebrafish before and after the induction of sensitization. We found a distinct brain area, previously linked to locomotion, that exhibited persistently enhanced neural activity following washout of AITC; this enhanced neural activity correlated with the behavioral sensitization. These results establish a novel form of memory in larval zebrafish and begin to unravel the neural basis of this memory.
Thermo-emf anisotropy and thermoefficiency parameter of the elastically deformed germanium and silicon with different doping levels
Authors: Gaidar G.P. 
Published: October 2020

The thermo-emf anisotropy and the thermoefficiency parameter are the most important characteristics that determine the suitability of thermoelectrically anisotropic materials for their practical use. Such characteristics determine the voltage generated by the anisotropic thermoelement, and the second one determines its efficiency coefficient. In this work, the features of changes in the thermo-emf anisotropy and the thermoefficiency parameter of the elastically deformed germanium and silicon crystals at 85 K depending on their doping level were investigated. It was revealed that in the case of a low doping level, the thermo-emf anisotropy of the deformed n-Si crystals exceeds Da of n-Ge crystals more than 4 times. It was shown that a rapid decrease in Da for n-Si is observed with an increase in the doping level. A qualitative similarity is obtained between the changes in the thermoefficiency parameter for elastically deformed germanium and for silicon with an increase in the charge carrier concentration; although in the case of n-Ge the maximum Za is much larger and is achieved at the higher doping level than in the case of n-Si. The results obtained can be useful in calculating effects based on the theory of anisotropic scattering in a wide range of concentrations.
Meep, a Novel Regulator of Insulin Signaling, Supports Development and Insulin Sensitivity via Maintenance of Protein Homeostasis inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Pereira Matthew T , Brock Katia , Musselman Laura Palanker 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInsulin signaling is critical for developmental growth and adult homeostasis, yet the downstream regulators of this signaling pathway are not completely understood. Using the model organism Drosophila melanogaster, we took a genomic approach to identify novel mediators of insulin signaling. These studies led to the identification of Meep, encoded by the gene CG32335. Expression of this gene is both insulin receptor- and diet-dependent. We found that Meep was specifically required in the developing fat body to tolerate a high-sugar diet (HSD). Meep is not essential on a control diet, but when reared on an HSD, knockdown of meep causes hyperglycemia, reduced growth, developmental delay, pupal lethality, and reduced longevity. These phenotypes stem in part from Meep’s role in promoting insulin sensitivity and protein stability. This work suggests a critical role for protein homeostasis in development during overnutrition. Because Meep is conserved and obesity-associated in mammals, future studies on Meep may help to understand the role of proteostasis in insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes.
VALIDACIÓN DE UN INSTRUMENTO SOBRE CONOCIMIENTO TÁCTICO-OFENSIVO PARA JUGADORES CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL
Authors: Muñoz-Cutuli L. , De la Vega-Marcos R. , Díaz-del-Cueto M. 
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo se centra en construir y validar una herramienta que permita, de forma fiable, evaluar el conocimiento de base de jugadores con discapacidad intelectual leve en aspectos de táctica ofensiva en FS, permitiendo usarlo como evaluación inicial complementaria que guíe el proceso de entrenamiento. El tamaño muestral fue de 68 jugadores (Medad=27; SDedad=9.06 y Mexperiencia=11.78; SDexperiencia=1,29). Los resultados muestran valores adecuados de consistencia interna y de fiabilidad (?=0.64, ?=0.74, ICC=0.64 y test-retest). De manera complementaria, se realizó un análisis cualitativo, mediante una entrevista colectiva a un grupo de expertos, sobre la utilidad del instrumento en esta población de deportistas. Los resultados permiten establecer una sólida base para el empleo de este instrumento en futuros estudios.
Trends in the Use of Noninvasive and Invasive Ventilation for Severe Asthma
Authors: Smith Alla , França Urbano L. , McManus Michael L. 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES:
To explore and define contemporary trends in the use of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in the treatment of children with asthma.

METHODS:
We performed a serial cross-sectional analysis using data from the Pediatric Health Information System. We examined 2014–2018 admission abstracts from patients aged 2 to 17 years who were admitted to member hospitals with a primary diagnosis of asthma. We report temporal trends in IMV use, NIV use, ICU admission, length of stay, and mortality.

RESULTS:
Over the study period, 48 hospitals reported 95 204 admissions with a primary diagnosis of asthma. Overall, IMV use remained stable at 0.6% between 2014 and 2018 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.3%–1.1% and 0.2%–1.3%, respectively), whereas NIV use increased from 1.5% (IQR: 0.3%–3.2%) to 2.1% (IQR: 0.3%–5.6%). There was considerable practice variation among centers, with NIV rates more than doubling within the highest quartile of users (from 4.8% [IQR: 2.8%–7.5%] to 13.2% [IQR: 7.4%–15.2%]; P &lt; .02). ICU admission was more common among centers with high NIV use, but centers with high NIV use did not differ from lower-use centers in mortality, IMV use, or overall average length of stay.

CONCLUSIONS:
The use of IMV is at historic lows, and NIV has replaced it as the primary mechanical support mode for asthma. However, there is considerable variability in NIV use. Increased NIV use was not associated with a change in IMV rates, which remained stable. Higher NIV use was associated with increased ICU admissions. NIV’s precise contribution to the cost and quality of care remains to be determined.
Nuevo ejemplar de <i>Cuvieronius hyodon</i>(Proboscidea: Gomphotheriidae) del Pleistoceno de Costa Rica
Authors: Acuña Mesén Rafael , García-Díaz Elmer 
Published: October 2020

A lower mastodont molar was found in Nacaome river, Nicoya, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. It is a Pleis- . tocene specimen of Cuvieronius hyodon .C. hyodon and Haplomastodon waringi, mountain and savanna mastodonts respectively, have been found in the same place. This evidence and the dental morphology suggest that they were seasonaly simpatric species with different alimentary niches. Probably H. waringi fed on savanna or prairie plants (very ligneous with high silíca concentration, e.g,Cyperaceae) whereas C. hyodon consumed sQfter plants (the enamel is less damaged).
Analisis Kualitas Air dan Kualitas Lingkungan untuk Budidaya Ikan di Danau Laimadat, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Kulla Obed Lepa Saba , Yuliana Ernik , Supriyono Eddy 
Published: October 2020

Danau Laimadat merupakan danau terbesar di Kabupaten Sumba Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Timur, dan menjadi lokasi utama budidaya ikan air tawar. Kualitas air dalam budidaya ikan memegang peran penting dan membutuhkan monitoring. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kesesuaian kualitas air dan kualitas lingkungan Danau Laimadat untuk budidaya ikan air tawar. Waktu penelitian adalah Januari-Mei 2018 berlokasi di Danau Laimadat, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan pengukuran parameter kualitas air di lapangan. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada empat stasiun pengamatan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan kualitas air Danau Laimadat dengan Standar Baku Mutu perairan untuk budidaya ikan air tawar (PP No. 82 Tahun 2001). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air Danau Laimadat sesuai dengan standar baku mutu untuk parameter suhu, pH, dan oksigen terlarut. Parameter kedalaman dan kecerahan air tidak terdapat pada baku mutu, namun kedalaman dan kecerahan sesuai persyaratan budidaya ikan di perairan tawar. Secara visual, tidak terjadi pencemaran pada perairan Danau Laimadat. Dengan demikian, Danau Laimadat layak dijadikan lokasi budidaya ikan air tawar.