bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of mutual support and a culture of blame among staff in acute care units on the frequency of physical restraint use in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation
Authors: Unoki Takeshi , Hamamoto Miya , Sakuramoto Hideaki , Shirasaka Masako , Moriyasu Megumi , Zeng Hong , Fujitani Shigeki 
Published: December 2019

AimReducing the use of physical restraint in intensive care units is challenging, and little is known about the influence of culture on physical restraint use in this setting. The present study aims to verify the hypothesis that mutual support and a culture of blame among staff are associated with higher physical restraint use for mechanically ventilated patients.MethodsWe undertook a survey of nurses in intensive care units caring for mechanically ventilated patients in acute care units. The perceived frequency of physical restraint, mutual support, and culture of blame were measured. We predefined a high frequency physical restraint use group and compared the institutional characteristics, human resources, mutual support, and culture of blame between this group and the others (the control).ResultsThree hundred and thirty‐three responses were analyzed. The mean number of beds per nurse was not significantly different between the groups; the mean and percentage of positive responses about mutual support and a culture of blame were significantly lower in the high frequency physical restraint use group. After adjusting variables in a multivariable regression analysis, a less positive response about the culture of blame was the only independent factor to predict high frequency physical restraint use.ConclusionThe study suggests that changing the culture of blame, rather than increasing the number of nurses, is important for reducing physical restraint use.
Chirality‐Driven Transportation and Oxidation Prevention by Chiral Selenium Nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Yanyu , Fu Yuanting , Li Mengting , Jiang Dawei , Kutyreff Christopher J. , Engle Jonathan W. , Lan Xiaoli , Cai Weibo , Chen Tianfeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe chirality of nanoparticles directly influences their transport and biological effects under physiological conditions, but the details of this phenomenon have rarely been explored. Herein, chiral GSH‐anchored selenium nanoparticles (G@SeNPs) are fabricated to investigate the effect of their chirality on their transport and antioxidant activity. G@SeNPs modified with different enantiomers show opposite handedness with a tunable circular dichroism signal. Noninvasive positron emission tomography imaging clearly reveals that 64Cu‐labeled l‐G@SeNPs experience distinctly different transport among the major organs from that of their d‐and dl‐counterparts, demonstrating that the chirality of the G@SeNPs influences the biodistribution and kinetics. Taking advantage of the strong homologous cell adhesion and uptake, l‐G@SeNPs have been shown here to effectively prevent oxidation damage caused by palmitic acid in insulinoma cells.
Synthesis and Characterization of Potential Bio‐Based Lubricant Basestocks via Epoxidation Process
Authors: Marques João Paulo C. , Rios Ítalo C. , Parente Expedito J.S. , Quintella Solange A. , Luna F. Murilo T. , Cavalcante Célio L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChemical modifications of vegetable oils may be applied for the purpose of improving their physicochemical properties in their usage for the bio‐based lubricants. The vegetable oils with a high percentage of oleic acid, such as soybeans and rapeseed oils, are important raw materials to obtain the biolubricants. In this particular study, the oleic acid was esterified with 1‐octanol, followed by epoxidation. The oxirane ring opening reaction was performed using different alcohol structures (linear, branched, and cyclic), in order to evaluate their influence on the final physicochemical properties with the synthesized samples. These aforesaid reaction steps were followed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and the main physicochemical properties in the intermediate and final samples were assessed. The highest oxidative stability was observed for the samples obtained, using a cyclic alcohol at the oxirane ring opening reaction (230 min), followed by the linear alcohols with the branched alcohol presenting the lowest oxidative stability (124 min). The pour point values for the samples synthesized with the branched alcohol were slightly better than those with the linear and cyclic alcohols. All the synthesized samples showed high viscosity indexes (>130) and kinematic viscosities at 40 °C, ranging from 30 to 33 cSt (application degree ISO VG‐32), which are adequate for their use in the formulation of bio‐based lubricants.
Quartz halogen‐ultrasonication integrated rotating reactor for efficient photocatalytic‐thermocatalytic synthesis of glyceryl monocaprin: Kinetics of heterogeneous esterification
Authors: Karan Poulami , Mukhopadhyay Punam , Chakraborty Rajat 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA pioneering intensification protocol for glyceryl monocaprin (GMC) synthesis deploying coactive electromagnetic energies,viz. quartz halogen radiation (QHR) and ultrasonication (US) is explored. Concurrently, Amberlyst 15 (A15) and nano‐TiO2 P25 (NT‐P25) were applied to achieve capric acid (CA) conversion of 97% ± 0.5%, employing the integrated QHR‐US energized rotating reactor (QHRUERR), which was 7.5% ± 0.5% higher than QH energized rotating reactor (QHERR) and 20% ± 1% greater compared to an ultrasonically energized rotating reactor (USERR). Optimal factors, viz., 0.35:1 CA:glycerol mole ratio, 343K temperature, 0.67:1 A15:P25(wt./wt.) dose, resulted maximum GMC selectivity (95% ± 0.3%). Langmuir–Hinshelwood model (R2 = .99) could best represent the esterification kinetics in QHRUERR under optimal condition. Significantly, reaction activation energy was found minimum in QHRUERR (9.63 kJ/mol) compared with a rotating reactor equipped either with QHR (27.5 kJ/mol) or the US (32.74 kJ/mol), thus implying promising synergy and energy efficiency of QHRUERR. Ultraviolet‐visible diffuse reflectance spectra and photoluminescence analyses exhibited the photoactivity of ATO (A15 : NT‐P25=0.67: 1 w/w) catalyst possessing lower band gap energy (2.98 eV). The optimal product GMC demonstrated appreciable food preservative attributes toward Aspergillus Niger food pathogen. An energy‐efficient and sustainable reactor could, thus, be explored in this study for proficient green synthesis of valuable food preservatives.
Flame retardant and mechanical properties of epoxy composites with ammonium polyphosphate and hyperbranched silicon‐containing polymers
Authors: Cheng Kuo‐Chung , Kuo Tzu‐Hsuan 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe epoxy resin was mixed with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and hyperbranched silicon‐containing polymers (HBP‐B2). The cured composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, Underwriters Laboratory standard for the flammability properties under vertical burning (UL‐94V), and limited oxygen index (LOI) test methods. The LOI of 43.5 and could be obtained at the weight ratio of 70:25:5 for the epoxy resin:APP:HBP‐B2, Sample A25B5, and the LOI was higher than that of the composite with 30 wt % APP only, Sample A30B0, of which the LOI was 34.5. It suggested that the HBP‐B2 could cooperate with the epoxy/APP composite to form a more effective protection layer during combustion, which resulted in a higher second‐stage thermal degradation temperature. During the UL‐94V test, the flame was extinguished immediately once the burner was removed. Furthermore, the tensile and impact strength of the epoxy/APP composite could also be improved by using HBP‐B2 compound as the toughening agent. The composite containing 20% of APP and 10% of HBP‐B2, Sample A20B10, still had excellent flame retardant properties with a V‐0 rating. Moreover, the tensile strength and impact strength of that composite got 19 and 25% increases compared with the Sample A30B0, which contained 30% of APP only. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48857.
Preparation of PBT/POE‐g‐GMA/PP ternary blends with good rigidity–toughness balance by core–shell particles
Authors: Shang Mengyao , Cheng Henglun , Shentu Baoqing , Weng Zhixue 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTCompared with poly(butylene terephthalate)/glycidyl methacrylate grafted poly(ethylene–octene) (PBT/POE‐g‐GMA) binary blends, supertough PBT‐based ternary blends with little rigidity loss were successfully obtained by adding rigid polypropylene (PP) into PBT/POE‐g‐GMA blends to construct core–shell particles during melt blending. The effects of PP content and type on the phase morphology and mechanical properties of the blends were systematically investigated. Theoretical predictions and scanning electron microscopy observation showed that a core–shell structure was formed in PBT matrix with PP as the core and POE‐g‐GMA as the shell. The mechanical property tests showed that POE‐g‐GMA and PP had significant synergistic toughening effect. When PP with high melt flow index (H‐PP) was used, PBT/POE‐g‐GMA/H‐PP (70/15/15) blends possessed the highest Izod notched impact strength, which was 1.9‐fold compared with PBT/POE‐g‐GMA (70/30) binary blends, while the tensile performance loss was little. The essential work of fracture tests was performed to evaluate the fracture resistance of different samples. The results demonstrated that PBT/POE‐g‐GMA/PP ternary blends possessed much better resistance to crack propagation than PBT/POE‐g‐GMA binary blends. The decrease of interparticle distance and the fibrillation of core–shell particles activated intense matrix shear yielding, which was the reason for the high crack resistance of ternary blends. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48872.
Fabrication of antifouling membranes by blending poly(vinylidene fluoride) with cationic polyionic liquid
Authors: Shen Shusu , Zhang Linbin , Zhang Yiyuan , Zhang Ganwei , Yang Jingjing , Bai Renbi 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTMembrane fouling problem is now limiting the rapid development of membrane technology. A newly synthesized cationic polyionic liquid (PIL) [P(PEGMA‐co‐BVIm‐Br)] was blended with poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to prepare antifouling PVDF membranes. The PVDF/P(PEGMA‐co‐BVIm‐Br) exhibited an increased surface hydrophilicity, the water contact angle was reduced from 77.8° (pristine PVDF) to 57.9°. More porous membrane structure was obtained by adding PIL into the blending polymers, as high as 478.0 L/m2·h of pure water flux was detected for the blend PVDF membrane in comparison with pristine PVDF (17.2 L/m2·h). Blending of the cationic PIL with PVDF gave a more positive surface charge than pristine PVDF membrane. Blend membranes showed very high rejection rate (99.1%) and flux recovery rate (FRR, 83.0%) to the positive bovine serum albumin (BSA), due to the electrostatic repulsion between the membrane surface and proteins. After three repeated filtration cycles of positive BSA, the blend PVDF membranes demonstrated excellent antifouling performance, the permeation flux of the membranes was recovered very well after a simple deionized water washing, and as high as 70% of FRR was obtained, the water flux was maintained at above 350 L/m2·h. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48878.
Congenital Middle Ear Malformation with Common Deafness Gene Mutation Analysis: A Review of 813 Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss Child Patients
Authors: Dong Yunpeng , He Xiangbo , Wu Weijing , Yang Shu , Peng Anquan , Xiao Zian , Liu Yuyuan , Gao Shuichao , Tan Donghui , Liu Xue Zhong , Xie Dinghua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDeafness gene variants play a key role in inner ear malformations. However, the relationship between congenital middle ear malformations and common deafness genes (GJB2, SLC26A4, and mtDNA) in profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) child patients remains poorly investigated. Here we showed that there was no statistical significance in the total mutation frequency of the three common deafness genes in the middle ear malformation group (21.2%, 41/193) in comparison with the normal middle ear and inner ear group (21.0%, 116/553) (χ2 = 0.0061, p = 0.940). Moreover, the mutation ratio of GJB2 and SLC26A4 in the middle ear malformation group (18.7%, 36/193; 2.6%, 5/193) was not significantly different from that in the normal middle ear and inner ear group (17.7%, 98/553; 2.4%, 13/553) (χ2 = 0.084, p = 0.772; χ2 = 0.0000, p = 1.000). The mutation ratio of GJB2 235delC and GJB2 79G>A in the middle ear malformation group (8.8%, 17/193; 8.8%, 17/193) was almost the same to that in the normal middle ear and inner ear group (8.6%, 48/553; 6.7%, 37/553) (χ2 = 0.0030, p = 0.957; χ2 = 0.9556, p = 0.328). The high jugular bulb subgroup analysis also showed the same results. Our findings suggested that GJB2, SLC26A4, and mtDNA mutations might not be related to the middle ear malformations in profound SNHL child patients. Anat Rec, 303:594–599, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy
Tracing pathways: writing archaeology in Nyiyaparli country
Authors: BIRD CAROLINE , HOOK FIONA , RHOADS JAMES W. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTTheAboriginal Heritage Act 1972(WA) uniquely placed Aboriginal perspectives at the heart of assessing significance and protecting Aboriginal places, alongside “historical, anthropological, archaeological and ethnographic” interests. In practice, however, archaeological and anthropological assessments have been routinely separated in development surveys. A narrow “scientific” paradigm has come to provide the overarching model for significance assessments and, thereby, archaeological survey and site recording. Arguably, WA Aboriginal heritage management now embodies an impoverished discourse that depersonalises the archaeological record and undervalues Aboriginal archaeological places. In this paper, we explore alternative ways to weigh up archaeological evidence through an interweaving of Aboriginal understandings about archaeology, sites and country with our own archaeological understandings. We describe and analyse connections between different components of the archaeological record along Kakutungutanta Creek in Nyiyaparli Country in the eastern Chichester Range. This analysis suggests an alternative approach to assessing the significance of these sites, based on landscape and Ingold's (1993) concept of the “taskscape”. This, we argue, better reflects Nyiyaparli and archaeological understandings of place and provides a sound basis for communicating the significance and meaning to clients, government and the wider community.
Poly(ADP‐Ribose) Polymerase Enhances Infiltration of Mononuclear Cells in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Through Interferon‐Induced Protein With Tetratricopeptide Repeats 1–Mediated Up‐Regulation of CXCL10
Authors: Tian Qingqing , Zhao Han , Ling Hanzhi , Sun Li , Xiao Chipeng , Yin Guoyu , Wang Xiaobing , Wu Gan , Yang Chenglin , Chen Mu , Jin Shengwei , Yang Xinyu , Wang Jianguang 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveMononuclear cell infiltration and type I interferon (IFN) system activation play an important role in primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS). We undertook this study to investigate the mechanism of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase family member 9 (PARP‐9) on mononuclear cell infiltration triggered by type I IFN.MethodsA proteomic study was conducted in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with primary SS (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 30) to determine differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) (P < 0.05; fold change >1.20). Labial salivary glands (LSGs) were isolated for hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis. CD19+ B cells were purified by magnetic cell sorting for immunofluorescence staining, lentivirus–PARP‐9 transfection, and IFNα treatment experiments. PARP‐9 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and DTX3L siRNA were delivered into female NOD/LtJ female mice to determine their effect.ResultsThe overexpression of PARP‐9 and CXCL10 as well as their colocalization was confirmed in primary SS. PARP‐9 levels in LSGs rose with increased Chisholm scores in patients with primary SS. PARP‐9 and DTX3L were present in the infiltrating mononuclear cells from salivary glands in female NOD/LtJ mouse models. Additionally, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis networks of DEPs demonstrated that PARP‐9, STAT1, and IFN‐induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (IFIT‐1) participated in the IFN‐related pathway. Furthermore, PARP‐9 could up‐regulate the expression of IFIT1 and CXCL10 in B cells. Moreover, PARP‐9 and CXCL10 could be induced by IFNα in B cells.ConclusionThis study is the first to implicate PARP‐9 as a regulator of infiltration of mononuclear cells in primary SS progression and to reveal that PARP‐9 increases CXCL10 expression through up‐regulating IFIT‐1, which is mediated by the phosphorylation of STAT1. PARP‐9 might therefore be a novel therapeutic target for primary SS.
Unscented Kalman filtering for nonlinear systems with sensor saturation and randomly occurring false data injection attacks
Authors: Lu Jiyong , Wang Weizhen , Li Li , Guo Yanping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, an unscented Kalman filtering problem is studied for a nonlinear system with sensor saturation and randomly occurring false data injection attacks. A random variable obeying the Bernoulli distribution is employed to characterize the phenomena of the randomly occurring false data injection attacks. The aim of this paper is to design a modified unscented Kalman filter by minimizing an upper bound of filtering error covariance. Furthermore, a sufficient condition is provided to ensure an exponentially bounded filtering error in the mean square sense. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the validity of the proposed filter.
Learning of skilled movements via imitation in ASD
Authors: McAuliffe Danielle , Zhao Yi , Pillai Ajay S. , Ament Katarina , Adamek Jack , Caffo Brian S. , Mostofsky Stewart H. , Ewen Joshua B. 
Published: December 2019

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists of altered performance of a range of skills, including social/communicative and motor skills. It is unclear whether this altered performance results from atypical acquisition or learning of the skills or from atypical “online” performance of the skills. Atypicalities of skilled actions that require both motor and cognitive resources, such as abnormal gesturing, are highly prevalent in ASD and are easier to study in a laboratory context than are social/communicative skills. Imitation has long been known to be impaired in ASD; because learning via imitation is a prime method by which humans acquire skills, we tested the hypothesis that children with ASD show alterations in learning novel gestures via imitation. Eighteen participants with ASD and IQ > 80, ages 8–12.9 years, and 19 typically developing peers performed a task in which they watched a video of a model performing a novel, meaningless arm/hand gesture and copied the gesture. Each gesture video/copy sequence was repeated 4–6 times. Eight gestures were analyzed. Examination of learning trajectories revealed that while children with ASD made nearly as much progress in learning from repetition 1 to repetition 4, the shape of the learning curves differed. Causal modeling demonstrated the shape of the learning curve influenced both the performance of overlearned gestures and autism severity, suggesting that it is in the index of learning mechanisms relevant both to motor skills and to autism core features. Autism Res 2020, 13: 777–784.. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryImitation is a route by which humans learn a wide range of skills, naturally and in therapies. Imitation is known to be altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but learning via imitation has not been rigorously examined. We found that the shape of the learning curve is altered in ASD, in a way that has a significant impact both on measures of autism severity and of other motor skills.
International classification of abdominal wall planes (ICAP) to describe mesh insertion for ventral hernia repair
Authors: Parker S G , Halligan S , Liang M K , Muysoms F E , Adrales G L , Boutall A , Beaux A C , Dietz U A , Divino C M , Hawn M T , Heniford T B , Hong J P , Ibrahim N , Itani K M F , Jorgensen L N , Montgomery A , Morales-Conde S , Renard Y , Sanders D L , Smart N J , Torkington J J , Windsor A C J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Nomenclature for mesh insertion during ventral hernia repair is inconsistent and confusing. Several terms, including ‘inlay’, ‘sublay’ and ‘underlay’, can refer to the same anatomical planes in the indexed literature. This frustrates comparisons of surgical practice and may invalidate meta-analyses comparing surgical outcomes. The aim of this study was to establish an international classification of abdominal wall planes.

Methods
A Delphi study was conducted involving 20 internationally recognized abdominal wall surgeons. Different terms describing anterior abdominal wall planes were identified via literature review and expert consensus. The initial list comprised 59 possible terms. Panellists completed a questionnaire that suggested a list of options for individual abdominal wall planes. Consensus on a term was predefined as occurring if selected by at least 80 per cent of panellists. Terms scoring less than 20 per cent were removed.

Results
Voting started August 2018 and was completed by January 2019. In round 1, 43 terms (73 per cent) were selected by less than 20 per cent of panellists and 37 new terms were suggested, leaving 53 terms for round 2. Four planes reached consensus in round 2, with the terms ‘onlay’, ‘inlay’, ‘preperitoneal’ and ‘intraperitoneal’. Thirty-five terms (66 per cent) were selected by less than 20 per cent of panellists and were removed. After round 3, consensus was achieved for ‘anterectus’, ‘interoblique’, ‘retro-oblique’ and ‘retromuscular’. Default consensus was achieved for the ‘retrorectus’ and ‘transversalis fascial’ planes.

Conclusion
Consensus concerning abdominal wall planes was agreed by 20 internationally recognized surgeons. Adoption should improve communication and comparison among surgeons and research studies.
Cost of coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and 30‐day unplanned readmission in the United States
Authors: Kwok Chun Shing , Amin Amit P. , Shah Binita , Kinnaird Tim , Alkutshan Raed , Balghith Muhammad , Ratib Karim , Nolan James , Bagur Rodrigo , Mamas Mamas A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the cost of coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and 30‐day unplanned readmissions.BackgroundThere is limited understanding of the hospital cost of index PCI and 30‐day unplanned readmissions.MethodsPatients undergoing PCI between 2010 and 2014 in the U.S. Nationwide Readmission Database were included. The primary outcome was total cost defined by cost of index PCI and first unplanned readmission within 30 days.ResultsThis analysis included 2,294,244 patients who underwent PCI, and the mean cost was $23,541 ± $20,730 (~$10.8 billion/year). There was a modest increase in cost over the study years of 17.5%. Of the 9.4% with an unplanned readmission within 30 days, the mean total cost was $35,333 ± 24,230 versus $22,323 ± 19,941 for those not readmitted. The variables most strongly associated with the highest quartile of cost were heart failure (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 25.60 [95% CI 21.59–30.35]), need for circulatory support (aOR 11.62 [10.13–13.32]), periprocedural coronary artery bypass graft (CABG, aOR 585.08 [357.85–956.58]), and readmission within 30 days (aOR 24.49 [22.40–26.77]). An acute kidney injury (AKI; 8.5%), major bleed (0.8%), vascular injury (0.8%), or need for periprodedural CABG (1.4%) had an average increased cost of $21,935; $30,898; $27,875; and $43,005, respectively, compared to PCI without adverse outcome.ConclusionsThe annual 30‐day hospital cost of PCI is approximately $10.8 billion, and the costs associated with in‐hospital adverse events, particularly the need for AKI and periprocedural CABG, were significant.