bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity of admixtured concrete using tree model M5P
Authors: Kocamaz Adnan Fatih , Ayaz Yaşar , Karakoç Mehmet Burhan , Türkmen İbrahim , Demirboğa Ramazan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe quality of concrete was assessed based on measurements of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and compressive strength. Portland cement (PC) was substituted with silica fume (SF), fly ash (FA) and blast furnace slag (BFS) as mineral admixtures. The compressive strength and UPV of concrete mixtures were estimated with classifiers alongside the tree model M5P in the data mining field. The compressive strength and UPV were modeled as a function of five input variables: day, cement, SF, FA, and BFS. It was found that UPV and compressive strength had an exponential correlation with SF, FA, BFS, SF + FA, SF + BFS and FA + BFS. However, additive‐free admixture and PC‐free substitution levels had a different constant in empirical work. According to the results obtained, both compressive strength and UPV of concrete mixtures could be reliably anticipated with the tree model M5P in a proportion of 97%. Hence, this model could be a potential new method for modeling mineral admixture concrete.
Local resident perceptions of water reuse in Northern Utah
Authors: Flint Courtney G. , Koci Kristen R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe reuse of municipal wastewater is increasingly implemented in cities to mitigate intensifying water supply problems. Public acceptance of water reuse is integral to successful implementation. This study uses survey research to explore local perspectives and uses of secondary (nonpotable) water for irrigation in two northern Utah cities—one that has implemented water reuse and one that has not. Findings revealed few differences between cities, suggesting that experience with water reuse may not influence acceptance or risk perception levels as long as it is limited to certain less direct purposes. In line with previous research, general support was found for water reuse for irrigation with relatively low health risk perceptions. Water reuse support was higher (and health risk perceptions lower) for those agreeing with the environmental and economic responsibility of water reuse. Having heard of water reuse was not related to health risk perceptions in either city. However, in the city with water reuse, those more familiar with the system had lower health risk perceptions and higher levels support for reuse for irrigation. Results suggest public acceptance of water reuse may not always be a barrier to local implementation, though continued communication about water reuse systems is important.Practitioner points

Risk perception of water reuse for irrigation was relatively low, particularly for more indirect uses such as irrigation.

Public perspectives on water reuse for irrigation did not differ significantly between a community with water reuse for irrigation and one without.

Environmental and economic motivations for water reuse offset risk perceptions, suggesting that public opposition to water reuse may not be a barrier in contexts in which water is understood to be a scarce resource.

Awareness of local water reuse was not high and influenced risk perception, suggesting the need for ongoing communication.
Estimation of Lesser Antilles Vertical Velocity Fields Using a GNSS-PPP Software Comparison
Authors: Sakic Pierre , Männel Benjamin , Bradke Markus , Ballu Valérie , Chabalier Jean-Bernard de , Lemarchand Arnaud 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVertical land motion in insular areas is a crucial parameter to estimate the relative sea-level variations which impact coastal populations and activities. In subduction zones, it is also a relevant proxy to estimate the locking state of the plate interface. This motion can be measured using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS). However, the influence of the processing software and the geodetic products (orbits and clock offsets) used for the solution remains barely considered for geophysics studies.In this study, we process GNSS observations of Guadeloupe and Martinique network (Lesser Antilles). It consists of 40 stations over a period of 18 years for the oldest site. We provide an updated vertical velocity field determined with two different geodetic software, namely EPOS (Gendt et al, GFZ analysis center of IGS–Annual Report. IGS 1996 Annual Report, pp 169–181, 1998) and GINS (Marty et al, GINS: the CNES/GRGS GNSS scientific software. In: 3rd International colloquium scientific and fundamental aspects of the Galileo programme, ESA proceedings WPP326, vol 31, pp 8–10, 2011) using their Precise Point Positioning modes. We used the same input models and orbit and clock offset products to maintain a maximum of consistency, and then compared the obtained results to get an estimation of the time series accuracy and the software influence on the solutions. General consistency between the solutions is noted, but significant velocity differences exist (at the mm/yr level) for some stations.
Ecological Functioning of the Seine River: From Long-Term Modelling Approaches to High-Frequency Data Analysis
Authors: Garnier J. , Marescaux A. , Guillon S. , Vilmin L. , Rocher V. , Billen G. , Thieu V. , Silvestre M. , Passy P. , Raimonet M. , Groleau A. , Théry S. , Tallec G. , Flipo N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAt the start of the PIREN-Seine program, organic pollution by the effluent of the Parisian conurbation was responsible for episodic anoxia in the lower Seine River, while nutrients from both point and diffuse sources are used to cause eutrophication, a nuisance for drinking water production from surface water and biodiversity. The implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive led to a drastic decrease of organic carbon, phosphorus and ammonium concentrations in surface waters starting in the early 2000s and to a reduction of the frequency and the amplitude of phytoplankton blooms. However, nitrate contamination from fertiliser-intensive agriculture continued to increase or at best levelled off, threatening groundwater resources and causing unbalanced nutrient ratios at the coastal zone where eutrophication still results in harmful algal blooms. High-frequency O2 data combined with models, which have been developed for 30 years, can help discriminate the contribution of auto- vs. heterotrophic metabolism in the CO2 supersaturation observed in the Seine River. Despite the impressive improvement in water quality of the Seine River, episodic crises such as summer low-flow conditions still threaten the good ecological status of both river and coastal waters. Modelling scenarios, including further wastewater treatments and structural changes in agriculture and future changes in hydrology under climate changes, provide the basis for a future vision of the ecological functioning of the Seine River network.
Experience Gained from Ecotoxicological Studies in the Seine River and Its Drainage Basin Over the Last Decade: Applicative Examples and Research Perspectives
Authors: Bonnard M. , Barjhoux I. , Dedourge-Geffard O. , Goutte A. , Oziol L. , Palos-Ladeiro M. , Geffard A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Seine River and its drainage basin are recognised as one of the most urbanised water systems in France. This chapter gathers typical applications of complementary ecotoxicological tools that were used in PIREN-Seine programmes for a decade to reflect the Seine River contamination as well as its biological repercussions on organisms. Ecotoxicological studies focused on both (1) specific bioassays and (2) (sub)-individual biological responses (i.e. biomarkers) measured in diverse taxa (i.e. crustaceans, mussels and fishes) representative of the trophic network. Experience gained from these studies made it possible to establish reference and threshold values for numerous biological endpoints. They now can be combined with chemical measurements within integrated models (i.e. the Weight of Evidence [WOE] approach) generating a global index of waterbody pollution. These biological endpoints today appear sufficiently relevant and mature to be proposed to water stakeholders as efficient tools to support environmental management strategies.
When a Cause Cannot Be Found
Authors: Anjum Rani Lill , Rocca Elena 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis chapter offers a philosophical diagnosis of the challenges that medicine is facing, regarding medically unexplained symptoms and complex illnesses. We propose that a crucial problem comes from applying a Humean regularity theory of causality, in which a cause is understood as something that always provokes the same effect under ideal conditions, to the clinical reality, where no ideal condition, or average patient, can ever be found. A dispositionalist understanding of causality proposes instead to start from the particular and unique situation of the single case in order to understand causality. The medical evidence, including causally relevant evidence, must then be generated starting from the single patient. This includes not only the patient’s medical data, but also the patient’s condition, narrative and perspective. This is fundamental in order to generate causal hypotheses about the complex situation and all the dispositions that influence the medical condition. Ultimately, evidence from the clinical encounter could assist the design of experiments both in the lab and in the clinics. The best approach to causality, we argue, is to use a plurality of methodologies. We also explain how, when starting from a dispositional theory of causality, heterogeneity, unexpected results and outlier cases actually represent an epistemological advantage, instead of an obstacle, for the causal enquiry.
Gender Differences in Parental Well-being After Separation: Does Shared Parenting Matter?
Authors: Köppen Katja , Kreyenfeld Michaela , Trappe Heike 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA large body of literature has examined how separation and divorce influence social and economic well-being. One consistent finding of the literature is that women and men are affected differently by divorce and separation. Women, and particularly mothers, are likely to suffer from a loss of income. Fathers frequently suffer from having reduced contact with their children, who usually continue to live with their mother after a union dissolution. This chapter uses 10 years of data from the German Family Panel (pairfam) to examine more closely the gender differences in life satisfaction after separation. In line with previous research, we show that following a separation, satisfaction with family life declines more among fathers than among mothers, and that mothers tend to experience a greater decline in their satisfaction with their financial situation than fathers. We also examine the role of shared parenting (Wechselmodell) in parents’ life satisfaction. Our findings indicate that shared parenting is positively associated with well-being, but also that the association is not stable to the inclusion of socio-economic characteristics that explain the selection into shared parenting. The results are discussed in the context of the current German policy debate on shared parenting.
The Politics of Metrics in Education: A Contribution to the History of the Present
Authors: Normand Romuald 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPolicy instruments are linked to the development of new modes of governance. They provide cognitive and normative frameworks for policy-makers to advocate changes, to implement new programmes, and to create new types of public interventions (Lascoumes and Le Galès 2007). They contribute to the transformation of the State through the invention of new tools and devices, particularly metrics, which give legitimation to political aims, values, and ideologies. It corresponds to New Public Management which pretends reinventing tools of government and overcoming bureaucracy sometimes by reusing recipes from the past (Hood 1986). The instruments participate also in a kind of depoliticization and re-politicization of decision-making whereas policy-makers face many contestations and oppositions from different interest groups. As Michel Foucault demonstrated, these technical procedures of power and instrumentation are central to the art of governing and the development of a rationalizing State (Foucault 1977). Governmentality is not only based on measuring devices but also on intellectual and scientific technics, ways of thinking, epistemologies which become operational through metrics (Miller and Rose 2008). New relationships are established between science, expertise and politics that impact on the ownership, selectivity and choices of tools and instruments.
RNN Based Trajectory Control for Manipulators with Uncertain Kinematic Parameters
Authors: Zhou Xuefeng , Xu Zhihao , Li Shuai , Wu Hongmin , Cheng Taobo , Lv Xiaojing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmong tracking control of redundant manipulators, potential limitations such as model uncertainties and physical limitations may exist. Conventional solutions may fail when model parameters differ from nominal ones. In this chapter, a novel kinematic controller with the capability of self-adaptation is proposed to address this challenging issue. Based on the coordinate feedback, a Jacobian adaption strategy is firstly built by updating kinematic parameters online. Using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, the redundancy solution problem is then turned into a quadratic optimization one, and a recurrent neural network based controller is designed to derive the optimal solution recurrently. Theoretical analysis demonstrates the global convergence of the tracking error. Compared with existing methods, kinematic model uncertainty of the robot is allowed in this chapter, and the pseudo-inverse of Jacobian matrix is avoided, with the consideration of physical limitation in a joint framework. Numerical experiments based on Kinova JACO$$_2$$2 show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Effect of hypofractionation on the incidental axilla dose during tangential field radiotherapy in breast cancer
Authors: Borm Kai J. , Oechsner Markus , Düsberg Mathias , Buschner Gabriel , Wolfgang Weber , Combs Stephanie E. , Duma Marciana N. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective
Tangential field irradiation in breast cancer potentially treats residual tumor cells in the axilla after sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). In recent years, hypofractionated radiotherapy has gained importance and currently represents the recommended standard in adjuvant breast cancer treatment for many patients. So far, the impact of hypofractionation on the effect of incidental lymph node irradiation has not be addressed.

Materials and methods
Biological effective dose (BED) and tumor control probability (TCP) were estimated for four different hypofractionated radiation schemes (42.50 Gy in 16 fractions [Fx]; 40.05 Gy in 15 Fx; 27 Gy in 5 Fx; and 26 in 5 Fx) and compared to conventional fractionation (50 Gy in 25 Fx). For calculation of BED and TCP, a previously published radiobiological model with an α/β ratio of 4 Gy was used. The theoretical BED and TCP for incidental irradiation between 0 and 100% of the prescribed dose were evaluated. Subsequently, we assessed BED and TCP in 431 axillary lymph node metastases.

Results
The extent of incidental lymph node irradiation and the fractionation scheme have a direct impact on BED and TCP. The estimated mean TCP in the axillary nodes ranged from 1.5 ± 6.4% to 57.5 ± 22.9%, depending on the patient’s anatomy and the fractionation scheme. Hypofractionation led to a significant reduction of mean TCP of lymph node metastases for all schedules.

Conclusion
Our data indicate that hypofractionation might affect the effectiveness of incidental radiotherapy in the axilla. This is particularly relevant for patients with positive sentinel lymph nodes who receive SLNB only.
QTL mapping for field resistance to wheat blast in the Caninde#1/Alondra population
Authors: He Xinyao , Kabir Muhammad Rezaul , Roy Krishna K. , Anwar Md. Babul , Xu Kaijie , Marza Felix , Odilbekov Firuz , Chawade Aakash , Duveiller Etienne , Huttner Eric , Singh Pawan K. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Key message
Wheat blast resistance in Caninde#1 is controlled by a major QTL on 2NS/2AS translocation and multiple minor QTL in an additive mode.

Abstract
Wheat blast (WB) is a devastating disease in South America, and it recently also emerged in Bangladesh. Host resistance to WB has relied heavily on the 2NS/2AS translocation, but the responsible QTL has not been mapped and its phenotypic effects in different environments have not been reported. In the current study, a recombinant inbred line population with 298 progenies was generated, with the female and male parents being Caninde#1 (with 2NS) and Alondra (without 2NS), respectively. Phenotyping was carried out in two locations in Bolivia, namely Quirusillas and Okinawa, and one location in Bangladesh, Jashore, with two sowing dates in each of the two cropping seasons in each location, during the years 2017–2019. Genotyping was performed with the DArTseq® technology along with five previously reported STS markers in the 2NS region. QTL mapping identified a major and consistent QTL on 2NS/2AS region, explaining between 22.4 and 50.1% of the phenotypic variation in different environments. Additional QTL were detected on chromosomes 1AS, 2BL, 3AL, 4BS, 4DL and 7BS, all additive to the 2NS QTL and showing phenotypic effects less than 10%. Two codominant STS markers, WGGB156 and WGGB159, were linked proximally to the 2NS/2AS QTL with a genetic distance of 0.9 cM, being potentially useful in marker-assisted selection.
Glossary of terms for musculoskeletal radiology
Authors: Palmer William , Bancroft Laura , Bonar Fiona , Choi Jung-Ah , Cotten Anne , Griffith James F. , Robinson Philip , Pfirrmann Christian W.A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMembers of the International Skeletal Society compiled a glossary of terms for musculoskeletal radiology. The authors also represent national radiology or pathology societies in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the USA. We provide brief descriptions of musculoskeletal structures, disease processes, and syndromes and address their imaging features. Given the abundance of musculoskeletal disorders and derangements, we chose to omit most terms relating to neoplasm, spine, intervention, and pediatrics. Consensus agreement was obtained from 19 musculoskeletal radiology societies worldwide.
A multifractal boundary spectrum for $${{\,\mathrm{SLE}\,}}_\kappa (\rho )$$
Authors: Schoug Lukas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe study $${{\,\mathrm{SLE}\,}}_\kappa (\rho )$$

SLE

κ

(
ρ
)

curves, with $$\kappa $$
κ
and $$\rho $$
ρ
chosen so that the curves hit the boundary. More precisely, we study the sets on which the curves collide with the boundary at a prescribed “angle” and determine the almost sure Hausdorff dimensions of these sets. This is done by studying the moments of the spatial derivatives of the conformal maps $$g_t$$

g
t

, by employing the Girsanov theorem and using imaginary geometry techniques to derive a correlation estimate.
Co-Working-Spaces als Treffpunkte – Impulse für die Quartiersentwicklung? Das Beispiel Heidelberg
Authors: Growe Anna , Henn Sebastian , Scheffer Christine 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungCo-Working-Spaces fungieren mittlerweile in vielen Städten als neue Arbeitsorte für Wissens- und Kreativarbeit. Dieser Beitrag setzt sich am Beispiel Heidelberg mit möglichen Wechselwirkungen von Co-Working-Spaces und dem Quartier auseinander und unterscheidet dazu zwei Typen von Co-Working-Spaces: Solche, die durch Offenheit und Zugänglichkeit als Third Spaces und somit als Treffpunkt im Quartier wirken, sowie jene, die sich – einer High-Investment-Logik folgend – primär an den geschlossenen NutzerInnenkreis der Co-Working-Spaces selbst richten und somit keine Treffpunktfunktion für das Quartier haben. Aus Sicht der Quartiersentwicklung können beide Typen die lokale Ökonomie stärken, da sie neue Angebote für die Wissens- und Kreativarbeit bereitstellen und ihre NutzerInnen zusätzliche Nachfrage im Quartier generieren. Co-Working-Spaces, die als Third Spaces fungieren, können darüber hinaus Anknüpfungspunkte für die Quartiersentwicklung bieten, da ihre BetreiberInnen ein gesteigertes Interesse an einem engen Austausch mit der lokalen Ökonomie und an der Entwicklung ihrer unmittelbaren Umgebung haben.
Market makers activity: behavioural and agent based approach
Authors: Czupryna Marcin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe goal of this paper is to verify how behavioural and social features influence the decisions of market makers and to identify the impact that such decisions have on the trade volume, price levels and bid-ask spreads observed in the market. Many classical microstructural models explain the rational behaviour of market makers. We can distinguish two main groups of such models: information-based models and inventory-based ones. On the one hand, information-based models emphasise the role of the informational asymmetry between market makers and informed traders. On the other hand, inventory-based models relate the behaviour of market makers to the current status of inventories. In particular, the objective of the market maker is to either avoid bankruptcy or merely maintain an inventory balance. It is known, however, that it is not just rational factors which may influence economic behaviour. In particular, based on the literature, we stipulate that such personal traits as risk attitude, impulsivity, social behaviour and sense of fairness may influence market makers’ behaviour. To verify this, we conducted a series of experiments with the goal of analysing the relation between these factors and market maker behaviour. Participants in these experiments played the role of a market maker in the simulated options market. Experimental data enabled us to analyse how the behavioural traits influence individual decisions. However, due to missing interactions among market makers during the experiment, the data did not enable us to analyse how these traits influence the aggregated observed markets parameters, such as trading volume and mean spread in a competitive market. Therefore, we propose a formal agent-based model that makes it possible to investigate how behavioural factors influence market variables such as price and volume by means of the simulation.
Is it possible to store spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor) sperm by refrigeration?
Authors: González-López W.A. , Patel D.M. , Duncan N. , Beirão J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSpotted wolffishAnarhichas minorreproduction in captivity is dependent on in vitro fertilization. However, it is often challenging to acquire sufficient fresh sperm to fertilize the eggs that are obtained. In this study, we evaluate the possibility to store spotted wolffish sperm by refrigeration. Spotted wolffish sperm has the particularity that is already motile on stripping, and currently it is not possible to immobilize and reactivate. Thus, sperm refrigeration protocols should focus in extending this motility period that usually lasts up to 2 days. In a first experiment, we evaluated the possibility that the motility period of the sperm was limited by contamination with urine. The urea concentration in the sperm obtained both by stripping (17.10 ± 1.98 mg/dL) and directly from the testis (12.59 ± 2.37 mg/dL) was similar (p > 0.05), which indicate that the sperm collection method used avoid contamination with urine. Afterwards, we tested the possibility that the sperm motility period was limited by energy stores. The ATP concentration (initial value 5.65 ± 0.86 nmol/109cells) remained stable (p = 0.099) during 30 h after sperm collection, and similar values (p = 0.329) were recorded at end of sperm storage in both diluted (3.88 ± 1.35 nmol/109cells) and undiluted samples (4.76 ± 1.08 nmol/109). This indicates that the low intracellular ATP consumption, derived from the slow sperm motility, can probably be compensated rapidly enough by mitochondrial synthesis of ATP in the spotted wolffish sperm. In both experiments, diluted sperm kept higher percentage of motile cells during the storage time.