bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First results of the differential cross sections of 9Be(d,d0) at energies and angles suitable for Elastic Backscattering Spectroscopy
Authors: Ntemou E. , Kokkoris M. , Lagoyannis A. , Lungu C. , Mergia K. , Preketes-Sigalas K. , Tsavalas P. 
Published: February 2020

The differential cross sections of the 9Be(d,d0) elastic scattering were determined in the present work in the energy range of Ed,lab = 740 - 2200 keV in variable steps, mainly 20 keV at five backscattering angles (120o, 140o, 150o, 160o and 170o). The measurements were performed at the 5.5 MV TN11 HV Tandem Accelerator of the N.C.S.R. “Demokritos” implementing a high precision goniometer. The target used was a thin Si3N4 target with a Beryllium layer on top. The obtained differential cross section values are compared to the ones existing in literature and the observed similarities and discrepancies are discussed.
An improved method to determine neutron fluence in high energy medical accelerators using activation detectors
Authors: Papadopoulos K. , Siltzovalis G. , Savva M. I. , Vasilopoulou T. , Georgolopoulou P. , Karaiskos P. , Kalef-Ezra J. , Stamatelatos I. E. 
Published: February 2020

Scope of the present work was to test the hypothesis that a generic simulation geometry can adequately describe a high energy medical accelerator head for the purpose of estimating the parasitic neutron fluence levels at the position of the isocenter. The experiment was performed using an Elekta Synergy 18 MV linear accelerator. Gold, cobalt, indium and copper activation foils were used. Activation measurements were performed using a calibrated HPGe detector based spectrometry system. Four generic accelerator head models were considered. Neutron spectrum averaged cross-section data for each foil were derived for the examined configurations using the Monte Carlo code MCNP5 in conjuction with cross section data obtained from the International Reactor Dosimetry and Fusion File (IRDFF). It was concluded that the accelerator head can be adequately described either as a solid tungsten sphere of 10 cm radius or a spherical tungsten shell 20 cm in external diameter and 10 cm in thickness. This work contributes towards the development of a simple and computationally cost effective method for the determination of neutron fluence around high energy medical accelerators and therefore the optimization of the radiation protection of the patients and staff in radiation therapy.
Extending the UoA Nuclear Physics Laboratory capabilities with low-γ and α spectrometers
Authors: Vasileiou Polytimos , Mertzimekis Theo J. 
Published: February 2020

In this project the steps taken toward the characterization, calibration and testing of two spectroscopy stations are presented. The first one is suitable for alpha spectroscopy, consisting of a large-window silicon surface barrier detector (SSB), a goniometric arm and a movable multiple source-holder inside a dark vacuum chamber. The second station contains two small-size, thin-window NaI(Tl) scintillators, and it is suitable for low-γ ray spectroscopy.
CAMP? CAUBY! ENTRE O CONCEITO E O ENCANTO
Authors: Matos Cláudia Neiva de 
Published: February 2020

No ensaio "Notes on camp", de 1964, Susan Sontag trouxe para os debates acadêmicos a noção e o termo “camp”, designando um conjunto de práticas e valores da estética visual e performática então em voga no universo gay de Nova York. A cultura camp desenvolveu-se nas décadas seguintes e parece ter ganho novo vigor nos últimos anos, como mostrou o Met Gala de 2019, ao eleger o tema “Camp in Fashion”. É difícil definir precisamente essa noção, atravessada por fatores subjetivos, como o gosto, e por questões ligadas à inserção sociocultural de objetos e observadores. O presente ensaio baseia-se principalmente no texto de Sontag e no “Terceiro manifesto camp” (2002), de Denilson Lopes, para elaborar aproximações ao conceito de camp. Por outro lado, a fim de perceber o modo como o estilo considerado camp é capaz de seduzir seus receptores, analisa o caso do cantor Cauby Peixoto, com seu amaneiramento, seus excessos e ambiguidades, sua voz privilegiada e suas fãs enlouquecidas. Com base em dados teóricos e históricos, mas também na experiência pessoal de assistir ao intérprete em cena, tento analisar a arte de Cauby e discutir se a noção de camp é adequada para caracterizá-la. Os impasses e aporias dessa discussão podem levar-nos a repensar certas posturas e funções da crítica diante dos objetos que pesquisa: como lidar com os encantos que problematizam e desafiam conceitos estéticos academicamente consagrados, sem rejeitar o encantamento nem renunciar à conceituação?
SHAKESPEARE: criador e criatura
Authors: Santos Marlene Soares dos 
Published: February 2020

No auge da popularidade e prestígio do teatro elisabetano-jaimesco, William Shakespeare (1564-1616) era um autor como muitos outros. Depois que ele se aposentou em 1611, outros dramaturgos continuaram produzindo peças que asseguravam a merecida fama de excelência desse teatro. Em 1623, a publicação do chamado First Folio, que reunia todas as peças shakespearianas, reacendeu o interesse pelo dramaturgo. Entretanto, o fechamento dos teatros pelo governo puritano em 1642 causou um enorme dano à arte teatral, que só se recuperou em 1660, com a volta de Charles II ao poder. Entretanto, as peças shakespearianas não eram as preferidas na Restauração. Paulatinamente, a partir de 1769, com as famosas comemorações do Jubileu do aniversário de Shakespeare em Stratford promovidas pelo ator David Garrick se inicia a ascensão de Shakespeare como poeta nacional e, com o passar do tempo, como poeta global. Ele é aclamado como um excepcional criador de personagens que marcaram indelevelmente as literaturas e as culturas anglo-saxônicas e mundiais. O próprio Shakespeare passa de criador a criatura na literatura popular, anunciante dos mais diversos produtos e vendedor de outros como os vários tipos de souvenirs. Este ensaio propõe traçar a mudança de status de Shakespeare como autor, do seu relativo esquecimento no período da Restauração para o seu atual prestígio nacional e global devido à sua excepcional capacidade criativa, e apontar para a outra fase da sua trajetória – a de criador de várias obras à criatura de vários criadores.
O Deslocado Interno como conceito: da formação de uma categoria às implicações do termo
Authors: Araújo de Jesus Raquel 
Published: February 2020

Dentre cerca de 68 milhões de pessoas no mundo que foram forçadas a abandonar suasasas e meios de sustento em busca de proteção, em torno de 40 milhões foram internamente deslocadas dentro dos seus países de origem (ACNUR, 2019). Estes indivíduos que não atravessaram uma fronteira reconhecida internacionalmente são categorizados como deslocados internos e, devido a sua condição supostamente ontológica, são frequentemente esquecidos e marginalizados nos âmbitos político e epistemológico das Relações Internacionais. Desta forma, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar tanto a criação do conceito de deslocado interno, no seio Nações Unidas (ONU), quanto a maneira pela qual esse processo de categorização, e rotulação, se insere em um escopo global e local de proteção e assistência. Como base empírica, são utilizados documentos oficiais e demais produções científicas sobre a temática, bem como o caso do deslocamento interno forçado de pessoas na Colômbia.Palavras-chave: Deslocados Internos; Conceitualização; Colômbia; FumigaçãoABSTRACTAmong the 68 million people in the world who were forced to abandon their homes and livelihoods for protection, around 40 million were internally displaced within their countries of origin (UNHCR, 2019). These individuals who have not crossed an internationally recognized border are categorized as internally displaced and, because of their supposedly ontological condition, are often forgotten and marginalized in the political and epistemological realms of International Relations. Thus, this article aims to analyze both the creation of the concept of internally displaced person, within the United Nations (UN), and the way in which this process of categorization, and labeling, fits into a global and local scope of protection and assistance. As an empirical basis, official documents and other scientific papers on the subject are used, as well as the case of forced internal displacement of people in Colombia.Keywords: Internally Displaced; Conceptualization; Colombia; Fumigation. Recebido em: 09 abr. 2019 | Aceito em: 18 dez. 2019.
A Política Externa dos Estados Unidos para a Venezuela: Mudanças e Continuidades entre os Governos Bush e Obama
Authors: Dorneles Ferreira da Costa Gabriela 
Published: February 2020

Diante do desafio representado aos EUA pela ascensão de Hugo Chávez à presidência da Venezuela, analisa-se o histórico da política externa dos Estados Unidos da América (EUA) para a Venezuela desde o início dos anos 2000. O objetivo é verificar as mudanças e as continuidades da política externa dos EUA para a Venezuela conforme as mudanças de governo estadunidense e o contexto político venezuelano no período recente. Para tanto, a análise compreende os governos de George W. Bush (2001-2009) e Barack H. Obama (2009-2017). Nesse ínterim, o trabalho situa a política dos respectivos governos a três conjunturas venezuelanas: a tentativa de golpe de Estado contra Hugo Chávez em 2002, a consolidação do discurso antiestadunidense do governo chavista e a eclosão da crise generalizada instaurada na Venezuela após a morte de Chávez em 2013.Palavras-chave: Estados Unidos, Política Externa, Venezuela. ABSTRACTIn face of the challenge posed to the US by the rise of Hugo Chávez to Venezuela's presidency, this study aims to analyze the historical pattern of US foreign policy toward Venezuela since early 2000s. It seeks to verify shifts and continuities of US foreign policy toward Venezuela considering US government changes and Venezuelan political context. Therefore, the analysis comprises George W. Bush’s (2001-2009) and Barack H. Obama’s (2009-2017) administrations. Through this period, the research encompasses three different Venezuelan contexts: the Coup D’état attempt in 2002, the consolidation of Chávez’s government and his anti-American discourse e the outbreak of the crisis after Chávez’s death in 2013.Keywords: United States, Foreign Policy, Venezuela. Recebido em: 14 jan. 2020 | Aceito em: 23 jan. 2020.
Plano Diretor de cidades-gêmeas: análise sob a ótica da teoria institucional de Douglass North.
Authors: Nantes Rosalina Alves , Xavier Delson Fernando Barcellos , Oliveira Saiera Silva de 
Published: February 2020

A Portaria 213/2016 do Ministério da Integração Nacional, reconhece 32 cidades gêmeas em razão do território municipal fazer limite com o país vizinho e sua sede se localizar no limite internacional. Fundamentando-se no path dependence, onde as influências históricas são responsáveis pela manifestação das instituições no instrumento normativo, destaca-se o Plano Diretor Municipal, obrigatório para cidades com mais de 20 mil habitantes e requisito para obtenção de determinados recursos junto ao Governo Federal. A metodologia tem perspectiva exploratória descritiva ao analisar o conteúdo de cada instrumento normativo dos municípios de fronteira que instituíram o Plano Diretor, na interpretação das características individuais, utilizando do aporte teórico da teoria institucional. Analisou-se os Planos Diretores de doze cidades-gêmeas de fronteira, para verificar se o modelo adotado contemplou a realidade dos municípios. Os resultados apontaram a não enfatização às questões históricas que influenciam no desenvolvimento das cidades, concluindo que os Planos Diretores de cidades-gêmeas de fronteira podem explorar em seu instrumento normativo nessa variável identificada, recomendando que em pesquisas futuras se investigue o motivo pelo qual mais de 66% dos municípios de fronteira não consideram relevantes a serem incluídas no Plano Diretor as potencialidades históricas que marcam a região de fronteira gêmea.
Utilização do facebook pelos governos locais para promoção de accountability com participação social
Authors: Siena Osmar , Carvalho Erasmo Moreira de , Borba Priscila De Oliveira 
Published: February 2020

Considerando a popularidade das mídias sociais, suas funcionalidades e o déficit de accoutability e participação social nas esferas governamentais, apontado por estudos acadêmicos e perceptível pelo senso comum, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar em que medida a gestão dos governos locais estão se utilizando do Facebook enquanto canal de comunicação para a promoção e fortalecimento de accountability com participação social. Para o cumprimento desse propósito, o pressuposto filosófico que rege a pesquisa é o pós-positivismo, sendo o método de pesquisa qualitativo descritivo e como estratégia a pesquisa de campo virtual. O processo de coleta de dados se deu por meio de observação não participante on-line e os dados foram analisados utilizando a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados da pesquisa apresentam indícios de que as gestões municipais fazem uso do Facebook, limitadamente para fins de informação pública, praticando um tipo de comunicação assimétrica e de mão única. Os achados demonstram que estas administrações municipais não se aproveitam dos affordances da mídia social em estudo para promoção e fortalecimento da participação social e para viabilização de uma comunicação simétrica e de mão dupla.
Geostatistics and Stochastic Modeling
Authors: Coburn T. C. , Yarus J. M. , Chambers R. L. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
There has been a remarkable expansion in the fields of geostatistics and spatiostochastic modeling during the decades spanning the advent of the new millennium. The nearly ubiquitous nature of spatial relationships across all disciplines and all walks of life is one of the most important scientific, social, and philosophical realizations of the era; and the evolution of thought and practice in geostatistics and spatiostochastic model reflects this newfound understanding. This chapter traces some of the major developments in these fields during this time frame, particularly in the geoscience context. It also presents a glimpse into the future regarding what geostatistics and spatiostochastic modeling might look like in the coming years.
Proof of the feasibility of a nanocell-based wide-range optical magnetometer
Authors: Klinger Emmanuel , Azizbekyan Hrayr , Sargsyan Armen , Leroy Claude , Sarkisyan David , Papoyan Aram 
Published: February 2020

We present an experimental scheme performing scalar magnetometry based on the fitting of Rb

D

2

line spectra recorded by derivative selective reflection spectroscopy from an optical nanometric-thick cell. To demonstrate its efficiency, the magnetometer is used to measure the inhomogeneous magnetic field produced by a permanent neodymium––iron–boron alloy ring magnet at different distances. The computational tasks are realized by relatively cheap electronic components: an Arduino Due board for external control of the laser and acquisition of spectra, and a Raspberry Pi computer for the fitting. The coefficient of variation of the measurements remains under 5% in the magnetic field range of 40–200 mT, limited only by the size of the oven and translation stage used in our experiment. The proposed scheme is expected to operate with high measurement precision also for stronger magnetic fields (

>

500

m
T

) in the hyperfine Paschen–Back regime, where the evolution of atomic transitions can be calculated with high accuracy.
Durable infrared optical coatings based on pulsed DC-sputtering of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H)
Authors: Gibson Des , Song Shigeng , Fleming Lewis , Ahmadzadeh Sam , Chu Hin On , Sproules Stephen , Swindell Ryan , Zhang Xiaoling , Navabpour Parnia , Clark Caspar , Bailey Mark 
Published: February 2020

Optical properties of low-temperature pulsed DC-sputter deposited (

≤

70

°

C

) hydrogenated carbon are presented. Increasing hydrogen incorporation into the sputter deposited carbon significantly decreases infrared optical absorption due to a decrease in deep absorptive states associated with dangling bonds. Hydrogen flow is optimized (hydrogen flow 3 sccm), achieving the best compromise between increased infrared transmittance and hardness for durable coating performance. Optical, environmental, and durability performance of pulsed DC-sputtered carbon incorporated in multilayer (a-C:H/Ge) infrared antireflective coatings indicates suitability as a durable infrared optical coating for commonly used infrared substrates, including temperature sensitive chalcogenide glass.
Wpływ metody in vitro na zdrowie i funkcjonowanie kobiety oraz relacje małżeńskie
Authors: Warzecha Monika 
Published: February 2020

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie funkcjonowania kobiety w programie in vitro oraz wpływ tej metody na relacje wewnątrzmałżeńskie. Autorka poszukuje odpowiedzi na pytania: czym kierują się osoby decydujące się na procedurę sztucznego zapłodnienia, jakie są moralne dylematy osób podchodzących do programu in vitro itp. W celu znalezienia odpowiedzi autorka sporządziła ankietę i udostępniła ją na portalach: abrahamisara.pl, babyboom.pl, kafeteria.pl, gazeta.pl, popieram in vitro – Facebook i inne. Badania trwały około jednego roku (2014). Ujawniły one liczne zagrożenia zarówno dla matki, jak i dziecka, związane z niektórymi praktykami klinicznymi związanymi z praktyką in vitro, które uwłaczają godności zarówno osoby ludzkiej, jak i małżeństwa.
Variability of morphometric characteristics of Betula pendula lamina under technogenic conditions of Dnipro city
Authors: Yusypiva T. I. , Zadesenets A. O. , Karas A. V. 
Published: February 2020

The response of a plant organism to the effects of negative environmental factors, including the effects of multicomponent pollution, can be determined using a morphometric approach, setting the range of variability of biometric indicators of assimilation organs. The obtained data allow us to identify the directions of evolution of leaf shape and parameters under conditions of anthropogenic environment. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the variability of morphometric characteristics of lamina of Вetula pendula Roth. under technogenic conditions of the city of Dnipro. Leaf samples were collected in September – October 2018 at five test areas in the city of Dnipro (100 sheets each), which differed in the level of environmental pollution. For each leaf according to the method, five dimensions were measured on the left and right sides: width of the left and right halves of the leaf; the length of the vein of the second order, the second from the base of the leaf; the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order; the distance between the ends of the first and second veins of the second order; the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order. It is shown that by the degree of increase of variation in the conditions of influence on the plants of B. pendula under conditions of multicomponent contamination of the environment the investigated signs of the lamina can be arranged as follows: 5 < 2 < 1 < 4 < 3. It is established that the most stable feature of the B. pendula lamina in the conditions of technogenesis is the angle between the main vein and the second vein from the base of the leaf of the second order, and the most variable one is the distance between the bases of the first and second veins of the second order. A tendency was found for the differences in the reactions of plants from the relatively clean area and contaminated territories: the control trees had a coefficient of variation higher for the right half of the leaf (right-sided asymmetry), whereas plants of the technogenic zones had left-sided asymmetry.
The formation of herbage cover in forty-year-old plantation of black locust on the reclaimed dump in the Western Donbass
Authors: Masiuk O. M. , Spekhovа E. S. 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this paper is to study the formation of herbage cover in forty-year-old plantation of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), which has been growing under various forest growth conditions of artificial edaphotopes, which differed in stratigraphy and dumping depth on the reclaimed dump in the Western Donbass. The dump consisted of «empty» carefully planned mine rock; on its surface one-, two- and three-tiered structures of reclaimed land have been artificially formed. The maximum number of species in grass canopy of the black locust plantations has been recorded on technosol with typical chernozem. The formation of the grass canopy in plantations growing on technosol, consisted only of mine rock, the number of species depended on the power of edaphotope: with a decrease in dumping, a decrease in plant species has been observed. All studied variants are dominated by perennials. Under more favorable soil conditions, (variants 1 and 2) plants without vegetative movement dominate. With a decrease in the depth of dumping, the percentage of plants with slight vegetative movement increases. The representatives of plants with vegetative movement can be found under all forest growth conditions created on reclaimed lands. A specific trait of lithosol (variants 2, 3, 4) is an increase in mesoxerophytes, xerophytes and oligamegatrophs with a decrease in the power of dumping. Heliophytes predominate on studied variants with chernozem and loam with a dumping of one meter. Species partially demanding light have a significant advantage with the decrease in the power of dumping on lithosol variants with depth less than 0.6–0.3 meters. Among the coenomorphs, the dominance of ruderal and steppe complexes have been revealed. In the first case it is explained by the influence of anthropogenic factors (fire), –followed by the first stage of the restoration, namely colonization by weed plants; in the second case, it is caused by the influence of surrounding phytocenosis of undisturbed land and presence of herbal plants seeds from fertile soil level in pedosoil, which set the direction of succession towards the formation of zonal communities. Meadow and psammophytic coenotypes involved in the formation of flora indicate different types of forest growth conditions created by artificial soils.