bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of proliferation, differentiation potential, and gene expression among clonal cultures of human dental pulp cells
Authors: Kobayashi Tomoko , Torii Daisuke , Iwata Takanori , Izumi Yuichi , Nasu Masanori , Tsutsui Takeo W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells are a highly promising source of cells for regeneration therapy because of their multilineage differentiation potential. However, distinct markers for mesenchymal stem cells are not well-established. To identify new candidate marker genes for multipotent human dental pulp stem cells, we analyzed the characteristics and gene expression profiles of cell clones obtained from a single dental pulp specimen derived from an 11-year-old female patient. Fifty colony-forming single cell-derived clones were separately cultured until the cessation of growth. These clones varied in their proliferation abilities and surface marker (STRO-1 and CD146) expression patterns, as well as their odontogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation potentials. Four clones maintained their original differentiation potentials during long-term culture. Gene expression profile by DNA microarray analysis of five representative clones identified 1227 genes that were related to multipotency. Ninety of these 1227 genes overlapped with genes reportedly involved in ‘stemness or differentiation’. Based on the predicted locations of expressed protein products and large changes in expression levels, 14 of the 90 genes were selected as candidate dental pulp stem cell markers, particularly in relation to their multipotency characteristics. This characterization of cell clones obtained from a single specimen of human dental pulp provided information regarding new candidate marker genes for multipotent dental pulp stem cells, which could facilitate efficient analysis or enrichment of multipotent stem cells.
Impact of the quality of food sources on the wing beating of honey bee dancers
Authors: Łopuch Sylwia , Tofilski Adam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe waggle dances of honey bees provide information about the location of food sources and their quality. This study aimed to investigate how the quality of food sources affects different components of the dance. For the first time, we analysed in detail both the waggle phase and the return phase of the dance using a high-speed camera. The frequency of wing beats in the waggle phase and the frequency of wing-beating pulses in the return phase were significantly higher in foragers collecting more concentrated honey compared with foragers collecting less-concentrated honey, whereas the duration of the return phase was significantly shorter. Discriminant function analysis allowed correct classification of 88.1% of dances as referring to 60 or 40% honey concentration. In conclusion, information about the quality of food sources can be contained both in the waggle phase and in the return phase; however, the return phase appears to transfer more information about the quality of food sources.
Using a Mixed Methods Approach to Examine the Effectiveness of Inpatient Rehabilitation Services Following a Programme of Planned Bed Closures
Authors: Mutale Gabriella J. , de Motte Claire , Bailey Di 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examined inpatient rehabilitations service in one area in England following a programme of planned bed closures in parts of the service. The study examined changes to admission rates and length of stay in the parts of the service that existed prior to and after the bed closure programme. A mixed method evaluation design was used. Quantitative data relating to admissions and length of inpatients stays bed days was compared for the 3 years up to the bed closures and for the 3 years afterwards. Similarly use of mental health sections for service users being admitted, and contacts with community mental health teams were also compared for the same 3-year pre and post period. Qualitative data from service users, carers of service users, and staff were analyzed thematically to provide an insight into any changes in rehabilitation service usage as a result of the closure programme. In the rehabilitation services that existed before and after bed closures in other parts of the service quantitative findings showed a significant reduction post-rehabilitation stay in all measures except contact with community teams. Qualitative analysis revealed that this is because rehabilitation enables a successful transition into the community and allows for effective relationships to be built between staff and service user. The reduction seen in service utilization suggests rehabilitation has the potential to reduce the revolving door to inpatient metal health care.
Comparing Provider-Led Sexual Health Counseling of Male and Female Patients Undergoing Radical Cystectomy
Authors: Gupta Natasha , Kucirka Lauren M. , Semerjian Alice , Wainger Julia , Pierorazio Phillip M. , Herati Amin S. , Bivalacqua Trinity J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Sexual dysfunction is a common quality-of-life issue among patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer, but patients report deficiencies in sexual health counseling.

Aim
We sought to characterize provider-led sexual health counseling of patients undergoing RC and whether provider practice differs by patient gender.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of members of the Society of Urologic Oncology to assess topics included in provider-led sexual health counseling and barriers to counseling.

Outcomes
Nonroutine counseling regarding each sexual health topic was compared for female vs male patients using chi-squared tests. Modified Poisson regression was used to examine associations between provider characteristics and nonroutine counseling of female patients.

Results
Among 140 urologists, the majority did not routinely counsel patients about sexual orientation, partner sexual dysfunction, or referral options to sexual health services. Providers were significantly more likely to not provide routine counseling to female patients compared to male patients about the following topics: baseline sexual activity (20.6% vs 9.7%, respectively, P = 0.04), baseline sexual dysfunction (60.8% vs 20.2%, respectively, P &lt; 0.05), the risk of sexual dysfunction after RC (20.0% vs 6.5%, respectively, P = 0.006), the potential for nerve-sparing RC (70.8% vs 35.5%, respectively, P = 0.002), and postoperative sexual health and dysfunction (42.6% vs 21.1%, respectively, P = 0.01). Overall, 41.2% of providers did not routinely discuss the potential for pelvic organ-preserving RC with sexually active female patients. Provider sex, age, practice type, urologic oncology fellowship training, years in practice, or female RC volume were not predictive of nonroutine or disparate counseling of female patients. The most common barriers to counseling female patients were older patient age (50.7%), inadequate time (47.1%), and uncertainty about baseline sexual function (37.1%).

Clinical Implications
Urologists acknowledge key deficiencies and gender disparities in sexual health counseling of patients undergoing RC.

Strengths and Limitations
Although cross-sectional, to our knowledge, this is the first study to examine provider practice patterns regarding sexual health counseling of patients undergoing RC.

Conclusion
Future efforts should be directed towards reducing barriers to sexual health counseling of patients undergoing RC to improve deficiencies and gender disparities.
Endoscopic endonasal approaches to the craniovertebral junction: The Otolaryngologist's perspective
Authors: Husain Qasim , Kim Matthew H. , Hussain Ibrahim , Anand Vijay K. , Greenfield Jeffrey P. , Schwartz Theodore H. , Kacker Ashutosh 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo review indications and techniques for the endoscopic endonasal approach to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ), analyze postoperative outcomes, and discuss important technical considerations.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on all patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic approaches to the CVJ from May 2007 to June 2017. Demographic information, presenting symptoms, imaging results, treatment course, postoperative functional status, and follow‐up were recorded.ResultsThere was a total of 30 patients in this series, with a mean follow‐up of 11.7 months. The average age was 33.6 years (range, 5–75 years), with 18 females and 12 males. The majority of patients (n = 22, 73.3%) had Chiari malformation type 1 with basilar invagination and symptomatic cervicomedullary compression as the indication for surgery. Intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF) was noted in 3 cases of odontoid resection and a single case of skull base resection. There were no postoperative CSF leaks. Overall, 81% of patients resumed regular diet by post‐operative day 2 (range, 0–8 days). Severe postoperative dysphagia occurred in two cases with one requiring gastrostomy tube placement and another utilizing total parenteral nutrition for support prior to eventual gastrostomy. On average, patients were extubated by postoperative day 0.93 (range 0–3 days), with 85% extubated by postoperative day 1. A tracheotomy was required in one patient.ConclusionThe endonasal endoscopic approach is a valuable technique for access to the CVJ with minimal disruption of respiratory and alimentary function.
A single-blind clustered randomised controlled trial of daily record-keeping for reducing smoking tobacco expenditure among adult male household heads in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Fakir Adnan M. S. , Karim Afraim , Mubde Mutasim Billah , Aziz Mustahsin , Ahmad Azraf Uddin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to assess the impact of a behavioural intervention, in the form of a self-monitoring record-keeping logbook, in reducing smoking tobacco expenditure amongst adult male household heads in rural Bangladesh.MethodThe experiment was designed as a single-blind clustered randomised controlled trial utilising two-stage random sampling. A total of 650 adult male household heads were sampled from 16 chars (riverine islands) from Gaibandha, Northern Bangladesh, with eight chars in treatment and control groups each, between November 2018 and January 2019. The intervention consisted of a logbook to record daily smoking tobacco intake for 4 weeks provided only to participants in treatment chars (n = 332) while households in control chars received nothing (n = 318).ResultsFinal analysis was conducted using 222 and 210 households in the treatment and control chars respectively. The logbook intervention had a significant impact (P-value = 0.040) on reducing daily tobacco expenditure by 14% (α = 95%; CI: −0.273, −0.008) for the treatment group relative to the control group based on a difference-in-difference estimator. This is equivalent to a reduction of 20 cigarettes or 140 bidis smoked in a month.ConclusionOur minimal contact intervention successfully induced a reduction in smoking tobacco expenditure, which could effectively be incorporated with existing programs in the char regions of Bangladesh.
Glacial events during the last glacial termination in the Pagele valley, Qiongmu Gangri peak, southern Tibetan Plateau, and their links to oceanic and atmospheric circulation
Authors: Xu Xiangke , Yao Tandong , Xu Baiqing , Yi Chaolu , Sun Yong , Zeng Xuezhen , Dong Guocheng , Pan Baolin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDuring the last glacial termination, a warming trend was generally interrupted by rapid millennium-scale cold reversals, such as the Greenland (Isotope) Stadial 1 (GS-1) and GS-2a events. To understand how glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) responded to these rapid climate events, this study constrained the timing and extent of three glacial events during the late-glacial period. Specifically, using a cosmogenic 10Be exposure dating method, we dated three prominent glacial moraines (PM1, PM2, PM3) back to 15,850 ± 980, 14,140 ± 880, and 12,430 ± 790 yr in the Pagele valley, southern TP, corresponding to GS-2a, Greenland Interstadial 1 (GI-1), and GS-1, respectively. By simulating glacial extents forced by different climate scenarios, the study constrained the temperature decreases relative to present to be 2.6°C–2.9°C, ~1.6°C, and 1.4°C–1.5°C during the GS-2a, GI-1, and GS-1 periods in the region, with precipitation values of 60%–80%, ~100%, and 80%–90% of present value, respectively. Considering information from oceanic and atmospheric circulation, the study suggested that on the TP, the glacial events during the last glacial termination were well connected with the millennium-scale climate events in the North Atlantic region through the westerlies, while the Indian summer monsoon played a positive role in sustaining the glaciers under the warming climate trend.
Integrated Dating of the Construction and Restoration of the Modena Cathedral Vaults (Northern Italy): Preliminary Results
Authors: Tirelli G , Lugli S , Galli A , Hajdas I , Lindroos A , Martini M , Maspero F , Olsen J , Ringbom Å , Sibilia E , Caroselli M , Silvestri E , Panzeri L 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTAfter the last damaging earthquake in 2012, an anti-seismic reinforcement project of the cathedral of Modena was designed giving us the opportunity to investigate and date the building materials. Radiocarbon (14C), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), and thermoluminescence (TL) dating techniques were performed on the vaults with the aim to (1) clarify the construction timing, (2) define the history of the restorations, and (3) explore the possible correlation of the main restoration works to the earthquake chronology deduced from the historic catalog. Preliminary results show that medieval older bricks were reused for most of the original construction. Only lime and non-gypsum mortar was used for the original construction in the 15th century and for later repair of damage caused by earthquakes in the 16th and 17th centuries. Gypsum mortar was used for later repair in the 18th century. The results show much stronger damage due to earthquakes than previously thought.
(WEAK) INCIDENCE BIALGEBRAS OF MONOIDAL CATEGORIES
Authors: KRÄHMER ULRICH , ROTHERAY LUCIA 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIncidence coalgebras of categories in the sense of Joni and Rota are studied, specifically cases where a monoidal product on the category turns these into (weak) bialgebras. The overlap with the theory of combinatorial Hopf algebras and that of Hopf quivers is discussed, and examples including trees, skew shapes, Milner’s bigraphs and crossed modules are considered.
The effect of iron on Trichomonas vaginalis TvCP2: a cysteine proteinase found in vaginal secretions of trichomoniasis patients
Authors: Rivera-Rivas Luis Alberto , Lorenzo-Benito Sebastián , Sánchez-Rodríguez Diana Belén , Miranda-Ozuna Jesús FT , Euceda-Padilla Esly Alejandra , Ortega-López Jaime , Chávez-Munguía Bibiana , Lagunes-Guillén Anel , Velázquez-Valassi Beatriz , Jasso-Villazul Lidia , Arroyo Rossana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTrichomonas vaginalis (Tv) induces host cell damage through cysteine proteinases (CPs) modulated by iron. An immunoproteomic analysis showed that trichomoniasis patient sera recognize various CPs, also some of them are present in vaginal washes (VWs). Thus, the goal of this work was to determine whether TvCP2 is expressed during infection and to assess the effect of iron on TvCP2 expression, localization and contribution to in vitro cellular damage. Western-blotting (WB) assays using TvCP2r and vaginitis patient serum samples showed that 6/9 Tv (+) but none of the Tv (−) patient sera recognized TvCP2r. WB using an anti-TvCP2r antibody and VWs from the same patients showed that in all of the Tv (+) but none of the Tv (−) VWs, the anti-TvCP2r antibody detected a 27 kDa protein band that corresponded to the mature TvCP2, which was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Iron decreased the amount of TvCP2 mRNA and the protein localized on the parasite surface and cytoplasmic vesicles concomitant with the cytotoxic effect of TvCP2 on HeLa cells. Parasites pretreated with the anti-TvCP2r antibody also showed reduced levels of cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in HeLa cell monolayers. In conclusion, these results show that TvCP2 is expressed during trichomonal infection and plays an important role in the in vitro HeLa cell cytotoxic damage under iron-restricted conditions.
The jumping to conclusions reasoning bias as a cognitive factor contributing to psychosis progression and persistence: findings from NEMESIS-2
Authors: Rauschenberg Christian , Reininghaus Ulrich , ten Have Margreet , de Graaf Ron , van Dorsselaer Saskia , Simons Claudia J. P. , Gunther Nicole , Henquet Cécile , Pries Lotta-Katrin , Guloksuz Sinan , Bak Maarten , van Os Jim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundContemporary models of psychosis implicate the importance of affective dysregulation and cognitive factors (e.g. biases and schemas) in the development and maintenance of psychotic symptoms, but studies testing proposed mechanisms remain limited. This study, uniquely using a prospective design, investigated whether the jumping to conclusions (JTC) reasoning bias contributes to psychosis progression and persistence.MethodsData were derived from the second Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS-2). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview and an add-on instrument were used to assess affective dysregulation (i.e. depression, anxiety and mania) and psychotic experiences (PEs), respectively. The beads task was used to assess JTC bias. Time series analyses were conducted using data from T1 and T2 (N = 8666), excluding individuals who reported high psychosis levels at T0.ResultsAlthough the prospective design resulted in low statistical power, the findings suggest that, compared to those without symptoms, individuals with lifetime affective dysregulation were more likely to progress from low/moderate psychosis levels (state of ‘aberrant salience’, one or two PEs) at T1 to high psychosis levels (‘frank psychosis’, three or more PEs or psychosis-related help-seeking behaviour) at T2 if the JTC bias was present [adj. relative risk ratio (RRR): 3.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8–18.6, p = 0.101]. Similarly, the JTC bias contributed to the persistence of high psychosis levels (adj. RRR: 12.7, 95% CI 0.7–239.6, p = 0.091).ConclusionsWe found some evidence that the JTC bias may contribute to psychosis progression and persistence in individuals with affective dysregulation. However, well-powered prospective studies are needed to replicate these findings.
Sustained benefit of cognitive behaviour therapy for health anxiety in medical patients (CHAMP) over 8 years: a randomised-controlled trial
Authors: Tyrer P. , Wang D. , Crawford M. , Dupont S. , Cooper S. , Nourmand S. , Lazarevic V. , Philip A. , Tyrer H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHealth anxiety is an under-recognised but a frequent cause of distress. It is particularly common in general hospitals.MethodsWe carried out an 8-year follow-up of medical out-patients with health anxiety (hypochondriasis) enrolled in a randomised-controlled trial in five general hospitals in London, Middlesex and Nottinghamshire. Randomisation was to a mean of six sessions of cognitive behaviour therapy adapted for health anxiety (CBT-HA) or to standard care in the clinics. The primary outcome was a change in score on the Short Health Anxiety Inventory, with generalised anxiety and depression as secondary outcomes. Of 444 patients aged 16–75 years seen in cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, neurology and respiratory medicine clinics, 306 (68.9%) were followed-up 8 years after randomisation, including 36 who had died. The study is registered with controlled-trials.com, ISRCTN14565822.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the HAI score in favour of CBT-HA over standard care after 8 years [1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.25–3.40, p = 0.023], between group differences in generalised anxiety were less (0.54, 95% CI −0.29 to 1.36), p = 0.20, ns), but those for depression were greater at 8 years (1.22, 95% CI 0.42–2.01, p < 0.003) in CBT-HA than in standard care, most in standard care satisfying the criteria for clinical depression. Those seen by nurse therapists and in cardiology and gastrointestinal clinics achieved the greatest gains with CBT-HA, with greater improvement in both symptoms and social function.ConclusionsCBT-HA is a highly long-term effective treatment for pathological health anxiety with long-term benefits. Standard care for health anxiety in medical clinics promotes depression. Nurse therapists are effective practitioners.
Double elevation: Autonomous weapons and the search for an irreducible law of war
Authors: Kalpouzos Ioannis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhat should be the role of law in response to the spread of artificial intelligence in war? Fuelled by both public and private investment, military technology is accelerating towards increasingly autonomous weapons, as well as the merging of humans and machines. Contrary to much of the contemporary debate, this is not a paradigm change; it is the intensification of a central feature in the relationship between technology and war: double elevation, above one’s enemy and above oneself. Elevation above one’s enemy aspires to spatial, moral, and civilizational distance. Elevation above oneself reflects a belief in rational improvement that sees humanity as the cause of inhumanity and de-humanization as our best chance for humanization. The distance of double elevation is served by the mechanization of judgement. To the extent that judgement is seen as reducible to algorithm, law becomes the handmaiden of mechanization. In response, neither a focus on questions of compatibility nor a call for a ‘ban on killer robots’ help in articulating a meaningful role for law. Instead, I argue that we should turn to a long-standing philosophical critique of artificial intelligence, which highlights not the threat of omniscience, but that of impoverished intelligence. Therefore, if there is to be a meaningful role for law in resisting double elevation, it should be law encompassing subjectivity, emotion and imagination, law irreducible to algorithm, a law of war that appreciates situated judgement in the wielding of violence for the collective.
Animal agriculture exposures among Minnesota residents with zoonotic enteric infections, 2012–2016
Authors: Klumb CA , Scheftel JM , Smith KE 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Prospective, population-based surveillance to systematically ascertain exposures to food production animals or their environments among Minnesota residents with sporadic, domestically acquired, laboratory-confirmed enteric zoonotic pathogen infections was conducted from 2012 through 2016. Twenty-three percent (n = 1708) of the 7560 enteric disease cases in the study reported an animal agriculture exposure in their incubation period, including 60% (344/571) of Cryptosporidium parvum cases, 28% (934/3391) of Campylobacter cases, 22% (85/383) of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 cases, 16% (83/521) of non-O157 STEC cases, 10% (253/2575) of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica cases and 8% (9/119) of Yersinia enterocolitica cases. Living and/or working on a farm accounted for 61% of cases with an agricultural exposure, followed by visiting a private farm (29% of cases) and visiting a public animal agriculture venue (10% of cases). Cattle were the most common animal type in agricultural exposures, reported by 72% of cases. The estimated cumulative incidence of zoonotic enteric infections for people who live and/or work on farms with food production animals in Minnesota during 2012–2016 was 147 per 10 000 population, vs. 18.5 per 10 000 for other Minnesotans. The burden of enteric zoonoses among people with animal agriculture exposures appears to be far greater than previously appreciated.