bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High prevalence of Anaplasma marginale in the Crioula Lageana cattle
Authors: Casa Mariana da Silva , Vettori Julio de M , De Souza Ketriane M , Miletti Luiz Claudio , Vogel Carla Ivane Ganz , Lima André Luis Ferreira , Fonteque Joandes Henrique 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Bovine anaplasmosis is caused by the bacterium Anaplasma marginale; its transmission occurs through vectors such as ticks. Crioula Lageana is a native cattle breed from the South of Brazil used for beef production, with excellent meat quality. There are no studies of the epidemiology of this disease in Crioula Lageana even though tick damage is known to be frequent.
Methodology: Blood samples were collected from 311 Crioula Lageana cattle and subjected to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers for the Major Surface Protein 5 (msp5) gene for the detection of the bovine anaplasmosis agent. The animals were classified according to the gender, the category and the presence or absence of ticks at the time of collection. The animal owners completed an epidemiological questionnaire to determine factors that might be associated with anaplasma infection.
Results: The prevalence of A. marginale was 79.9%. The following factors were found to be protective against infection: I) the breeding objectives (whether animals were destined for beef production and trade or solely for beef production), II) tick control rate; and III) pregnant and lactating cows and calves as the categories least affected by the hemoparasite. The main risk factor for hemoparasite acquisition was the use of organophosphates and avermectins as acaricides.
Conclusions: Crioula Lageana cattle are in a situation of enzootic stability, with a high prevalence of A. marginale infection. The factors associated with the infection were: I) breeding objectives, II) tick control rate, III) the acaricides used, and IV) the most tick-parasitized categories of cattle.
Natural products and polysorbates: Potential Inhibitors of biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Miari Mariam , Rasheed Sari S , Haidar Ahmad Nathaline , Itani Dana , Abou Fayad Antoine , Matar Ghassan M 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: With all the challenges super bugs are imposing, biofilm formation opens the door against various more complicated challenges. Such issue may be highlighted with the ability of the latter to render the antibiotics hardly accessible to bacterial cells and sheds the light on the importance of finding antibiofilm formers. Therefore, we assessed the inhibitory effect of natural product extracts (ginger, wild blueberry) and polysorbates (PS20, PS80) on biofilm formation at the molecular level.
Methodology: Growth inhibition assay was performed to test the effect of ginger (Zingiber Officinale), wild blueberry (Vaccinium Angustifolium), and polysorbates on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAN14) growth. Transcription levels of biofilm exopolysaccharides encoding genes (ndvB, pelC, algC) and quorum sensing genes (lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR) for LasI/LasR and RhlI/ RhlR systems were evaluated by RT qPCR.
Results: The polysorbates and the extracts of both ginger and wild blueberry had no effect on the growth of P. aeruginosa. Biofilms’ examination has unraveled the effectiveness of treatments used in reducing its formation. Moreover, a significant reduction in the expression of all genes tested for biofilm exopolysaccharides and its quorum sensing system was observed.
Conclusion: The decrease in the relative gene expression of the exopolysaccharides and quorum sensing encoding genes sheds the light on the mechanism of action of ginger and wild blueberry’s constituents as well as polysorbates 20 and 80 on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. Future studies need to assess the antibiofilm effect of each fraction of herbal extracts separately.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) in a hospital from North China
Authors: Yang Yan , Liu Jian-Hua , Hu Xin-Xin , Zhang Wei , Nie Tong-Ying , Yang Xin-Yi , Wang Xiu-Kun , Li Cong-Ran , You Xue-Fu 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: The clinical and molecular characteristics of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) in various provinces of China have been reported, however, there have been few reports in Hebei Province, North China.
Methodology: The hvKp was identified by PCR amplification of hypervirulence-related genes, the hypermucoviscous phenotype was determined by the "string test", the drug susceptibility analysis was performed using the VITEK® 2 Compact Bacterial Identification and Monitoring System. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for hvKp infection. The molecular epidemiological characteristics of the strains were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and the capsular serotype of hvKp strain was detected by PCR.
Results: Overall, 52.21% (59/113) of K. pneumoniae isolates were hvKp, and the ratios of patients with older ages or a higher PMN cell count among hvKp infection were higher than those among classical Klebsiella pneumoniae (cKp) infection. hvKp are more susceptible to antibacterial drugs than cKp, and one ESBLs-producing hvKp strain was detected. The main capsular serotype of hvKp were K2, K57 and K1. PFGE indicated that the 59 strains of hvKp could be classified into 51 PFGE band types, forming 6 PFGE clusters.
Conclusions: In this study, the detection rate of hvKp was 52.21% (59/113) identified by virulence genes. People with older ages or a higher PMN cell count are more likely to gain hvKp infection. ESBLs-producing hvKp is emerging, indicating the importance of epidemiologic surveillance and clinical awareness of this pathogen in this region.
Activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against commonly encountered antimicrobial resistant Gram-negative bacteria in Lebanon
Authors: Araj George F , Berjawi Dana M , Musharrafieh Umayya , El Beayni Nancy K 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: In view of the continuous rise in Gram-negative bacterial resistance and limited treatment options, Ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) is a newly introduced antimicrobial agent in Lebanon for its demonstrated activity against resistant Gram-negative bacteria. However, in vitro data is not available about its activity against commonly isolated bacteria in this country.
Methodology: The analysis included clinical isolates, multidrug–resistant (MDR) and extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs), representing 124 Escherichia coli, 75 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 100 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, identified using the MALDI-TOF. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for C/T was determined by the Etest (Liofilchem, Roseto degli Abruzzi, Italy). In addition, the disk diffusion (DD) test was used to determine the activity of C/T and of the antimicrobials routinely used to test for such pathogens.
Results: The C/T activity against the ESBL producers E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were similar (MIC90 value of 1 and 1.5 µg/mL, respectively; susceptibility of 100% and 96%, respectively). However, the activity of C/T against the E. coli and K. pneumoniae MDR isolates was much lower (MIC90 value of 256 and 96 µg/mL, respectively; susceptibility of 54% for each). The C/T MIC90 value for the non-MDR P. aeruginosa isolates was 3 µg/mL and ≥ 256 µg/mL for the MDR P. aeruginosa isolates (susceptibility of 96% vs 42% respectively). Overall, the C/T activities show comparable or higher susceptibility to the routinely used antimicrobials.
Conclusion: The high in vitro activity of C/T points out its value as a possible alternative to the antimicrobials currently used for treatment of infections caused by such pathogens and would help in minimizing toxicity and bacterial resistance.
Delayed care-seeking and its underlying factors among patients with tuberculosis in Yangon, Myanmar
Authors: Oo May Chan , Tun Kyaw Zarni , Ko Kyaw Ko , Aung Pyae Linn 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Myanmar. Early care-seeking behaviors play a significant role in reducing TB transmission and speeding recovery. This study was conducted to estimate the proportion of patients with TB who delayed care-seeking and to identify underlying factors.
Methodology: The study population included patients with TB treated in a TB diagnostic center in April 2015. A total of 346 patients were chosen as eligible respondents. The data were collected using structured questionnaires and face-to-face interviews. In addition to descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression were performed to show any associations.
Results: The study revealed that 66.8% of patients delayed care-seeking, and the average duration of delay was 21 days. Using the chi-squared test, factors such as education, occupation, family income, knowledge of TB, possessing information about TB, having a family member or close friend contract TB, travel distance, and cost causing a burden were significantly associated with delayed care-seeking (p < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis found that 4 variables exhibited significant associations: low levels of education, occupation as government staff member, possessing information about TB, and having a family member or close friend contract TB (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The results from this study provide useful comprehensive information addressing underlying factors associated with delayed care-seeking behaviors. These can be used to advance health education interventions regarding TB and strengthen early diagnosis of TB within community settings.
Ventilator-associated Pneumonia: Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter vs. Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-producing Klebsiella
Authors: Salehi Mohammadreza , Jafari Sirous , Ghafouri Lida , Malekafzali Ardakani Hossein , Abdollahi Alireza , Beigmohammadi Mohammad Taghi , Dehghan Manshadi Seyed Ali , Feizabadi Mohammad Mehdi , Ramezani Masoud , Abtahi Hamidreza , Seifi Arash 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has been considered as a healthcare-associated infection with high mortality. Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the common causes of VAPs around the world.
Methodology: This research was a retrospective observational study in the intensive care unit (ICU) in a tertiary referral collegiate hospital in Tehran between March 2016 and May 2018. Patients who fulfilled VAP due to documented Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) or Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) criteria were enrolled. General demographic features, duration of hospital stay, antimicrobial treatment regimens, duration of ICU admission, the period of mechanical ventilation (MV) and 30-day mortality were documented and compared.
Results: 210 patients were found with clinical, microbiological and radiological evidence of VAP. In total, 76 patients with MDR-AB and 76 patients with ESBL-KP infections were matched in the final analysis. Duration of hospitalization in the patients with MDR-AB was significantly more than that of patients infected with ESBL-KP (p-value: 0.045). Patients diagnosed with MDR-AB VAP had a 65.8% mortality rate compared to 42.1% in the ESBL-KP infection group (p = 0.003).
Conclusions: Results of the present study demonstrated that VAPs caused by MDR-AB may be more hazardous than ESBL-KP VAPs because they could be accompanied by a longer hospitalization course and even a higher mortality.
Improving the early diagnosis of suspected patients with COVID-19: a retrospective study of 106 patients
Authors: Gao Xuesong , Yang Di , Yuan Zheng , Zhang Yijin , Li Hongjie , Gao Ping , Liu Xiaomin , Zhao Wenshan , Xiao Te , Guan Yanlin , Gao Guiju , Duan Xuefei 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. This study aimed to analyze the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients with COVID-19 to better differentiate the suspected patients in Beijing, China.
Methodology: This was a retrospective, single-center study. Clinical and epidemiologic data were collected from suspected patients with COVID-19 admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital from January 29 to February 21, 2020.
Results: One hundred and six patients (60 males and 46 females, median age 36 years) were enrolled. Thirty-six patients were ultimately laboratory confirmed. Fifty-three were excluded from the diagnosis of COVID-19. The remaining 17 patients were highly suspected, although their nucleic acid tests were repeatedly negative. The confirmed patients and highly suspected patients had a significantly higher proportion of epidemiologic history than the excluded patients (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in clinical symptoms or the underlying diseases among the three groups. The confirmed patients had a higher frequency of lymphopenia and eosinopenia than the highly suspected and excluded patients. Chest computed tomography scans showed bilateral lung involvement, and ground-glass opacity was more likely observed in the confirmed patients.
Conclusion: The clinical features of the confirmed patients with COVID-19 were insufficient for early diagnosis of COVID-19. The epidemiologic history was of great significance in the early diagnosis of COVID-19. More sensitive diagnostic methods are needed to aid the differential diagnosis of suspected patients with COVID-19.
PENGARUH ARUS KAS OPERASI, LIKUIDITAS, LEVERAGE, DIVERSIFIKASI, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS (Studi empiris pada perusahaan sektor aneka industri yang terdaftar di BEI 2014-2016)
Authors: Febriyan, Ari Hadi Prasetyo Febriyan 
Published: July 2020

Recent era technology development escalate competition among companies. Most companies that unable overcome competion will not maximaze their profit, even tend to experience operating loss and the other side put the firm into financial distress. This research aims examine whether cash flow from operation, liquidity, leverage, diversification, and size are predictors that can be use to analyze companies financial distress. The sample of this research are 22 company related to various industry sector listed on IDX for year 2014-2016, the sample obtained is 66 companies. Stattistical technic analysis used are descriptive analysis, pooling test, logistic regression test , Hosmer and Lemeshow’s Goodness, Wald Test, -2 Log Likelihood test, and Nagelkerke’s R Square test. The data collected from secondary data, downloaded from www.idx.co.id. The research results shows that there is not enough evidence that cash flow from operation, liquidity, diversification, and size give significant effect to financial distress of company. While leverage have enough evidence gives significant effect with positive direction to the possibilty of financial distress of a company. Keywords : Cash Flow From Operation, Liquidity, Leverage, Diversification, Size, and Financial Distress
Rhetorical interpreting from singular to plural & from plural to singular in Quran kareem
Authors: Khan Saltanat , Dr. Dost Muhammad  
Published: July 2020

The most eloquent book of Allah is the Holy Quran is. The Quranic Scholars have served its eloquent points, since its very beginning, because of their insist interpretation of and love with the Quranic language Arabic. So Quran is in the focus and epicenter of many rhetorical discourses discussed by the rhetoricians, and "iltifat" is one of these. The word "iltifat" means interpreting from one perspective or style or focus of meaning to another perspective or style or focus of meaning i.e. from first person to second or third person, or vice versa, similarly, from plural to singular, or vice versa, and from past to future, or vice versa, and from feminine to masculine or vice versa etc.
By an adequate understanding of Topic:"iltifat inter singular and plural, and its eloquent points in the Holy Quran ", we can easily infer that the Holy Quran is very eloquent and the most rhetorical book in all over the Arabic books. In this research paper the researcher has given eleven examples for this kind of “iltifat” from the Holy Quran, and proved that Quran is the very eloquent statements, through this rhetorical discourse "iltifat from singular to plural or vice versa ".
Research Analysis of Dr. Vid Parkash’s Opinion about Narashnis and the Last Prophet PBUH
Authors: Ullah Naseem , Alazhari Dr. Zia Ullah 
Published: July 2020

Dr. Vid Prakash book is a clear arguments for the fact that Islam is a true believer and the Prophet Peace Be Upon Him, and it is equally useful for every two parties .The good news of the Prophet peace be upon him is also present in the first heavenly books, and the former Prophets also gave good news to their own Ommah. A part from this, the good news of the Prophet PBUH is also present in the holy book of Hindu. We do not have any status”. Narashans and the last messenger of Allah Peace Be Upon Him” in which he has accepted the last messenger of Muhammad peace be upon him with many arguments from the holy books of Hindu. The original book of the learned author is in Hindi. And Wasi Iqbal has written a translation in Urdu .The learned writer Dr. Vid Prakash has clearly stated his opinion about the Narshanas, he writes that in Hindi it is used for the messenger of Allah peace be upon him , The learned writer writes that Narshanas means that the man is praised and Muhammad peace be upon him is praised
Jews Claim on Masjid Aqsa; Historical and Sharῑ’ah Perspective
Authors: Saeed Dr. Riaz Ahmad , Tarmizi Dr. Syed Muhammad Shahid 
Published: July 2020

Palestine’s issue has been one of the most vibrant issues of the Muslim Ummah thou out the Islamic history. It has contracted more attraction and reflection in contemporary era due to its sensitivity and global politics. Masjid Aqsa is considered as a scared and blessed place for Muslims due to prophets’ birth and death places, and also station of Isrā and M’erāj (A sacred journey of the Holy Prophet ﷺ) from Makah to Aqsa and Aqsa to heaven with Allah’s meeting of the last Prophet (ﷺ). Moreover, this place is equally significant for Muslims and Jews communities both for their religious claims and commitments. Jews made claim on Masjid Aqsa due to its historical and religious importance. Most interesting thing is that, where Masjid Aqsa is a blessed and sacred place as well as, it is a basic reason of conflict and dispute between Muslims and Jews since establishment of the State of Israel. Jews claim, here was temple of Suleiman (A.S) under the foundations of Masjid Aqsa and Muslims claim, it is blessed and sacred masjid which was first Qiblah of Muslims and Haram also. Historically and religiously it is right of Muslims and Jews are hurting the religious sentiments of the Muslim which is wrong and violations of the Muslims religious and human rights. This study is an effort to analyze the historical and religious arguments of Muslims and Jews about ownership of the Masjid Aqsa and presents a solution regarding Palestine issue in contemporary era. The analytical, historical and comparative approaches have been adopted in this research with qualitative approach.
Sources of completion of Proof (tmām al-ḥujjah) and Role of Promise of “Am I not (your Lord)” (Aid-e-Alast)
Authors: Ali Farhad , Nawaz Dr. Rab 
Published: July 2020

Allah gives human being the ability to find out their Creator and Sustainer and show them the evidence to identify the facts and truth as Allah Says: We will show them Our Signs in the universe and in their own selves until it becomes clear to them that this Quran is the Truth). This article is humble effort to identify the sources and causes of Hidayah, which leads a person to believe in Allah. Is Ahd-e-Alst (Allah covenant with the souls of humans before creation that I am your creator and Sustainer) should be consider a source of Itmam-e-Hujjat (Completion of Proof)? This paper will present and discuss the views and arguments of different scholars and exegetes and the role of this covenant in the reward and punishment of a human being and is this mere "pledge" enough to make a man Muslim or Pagan? We will explain the issues relates to this covenant also.
Analytical Review of Noel James Coulson Book’s A History of Islamic Law
Authors: Ilyas Dr. Muhammad , Ameen Dr. Zainab 
Published: July 2020

The Western Orientalism movement had resulted in the creation of a large academic asset of Islamic literature. The Orientalists had struggled in two ways; by introducing and editing old Islamic manuscripts, and by commenting on the various aspects of the Prophet’s (PBUH) life and his traditions. Moreover, some Orientalists had worked on the Islamic jurisprudence, too. As Coulson, have been discussed analytical studies of Islamic jurisprudence, in this regard his book, “ The History of Islamic Law”, is a sorely needed book; it will substantiate a highly impactful, direly beneficial and effective book; and above all, it is a remarkably well-constructed book.
Mr. Coulson’s compact volume is a clear, comprehensive, and authoritative treatment of the genesis and history of Islamic law in theory and practice, and of the central problem of legal reform now confronting Muslim society. Islamic law, the Sharia of medieval Islam, is for Muslims and the comprehensive catalogue of God’s commands and recommendations laid down for the guidance of man… In recent times, with the wholesome adoption by Muslim countries of western legal ideas and institutions, the Sharia has seemingly been all but forsaken and abandoned… Unless the idea of a law system based on religion is to be abandoned entirely… [Coulson] points out, the task for modern Muslims, like that of their medieval predecessors, is once more to ascertain and impose the central ethical criterion norms of Islam upon the functioning’s of their society. N. J. Coulson was a chair of oriental laws at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. In this article the analytical and critical review is discussed.
Research and critical study of famous chains of ibn Abbas in Hadith relating to the interpretation of the Quran
Authors: Ahmad Aziz , Dr. Zia Ur Rehman  
Published: July 2020

Ibn Abbas has many Hadiths in Tafseer. Most of these not sahih and authentic۔There is a book of tafseer attributed to him from these hadith which is known as “Tanvir Ul miqbas min tafseer e Inb Abbas”.It is Called “Tafsir Ibn Abbas”.in addition to this Tabri and Al talabi have also mentioned many hadiths from Ibn Abbas. But it is not certain that all the hadiths belong to Ibn Abbas as Imam Shafi said: “There is nothing more than a hundred authentic hadiths from Ibn Abbas in the Tafseer.” For this reason we need to recognize their becoming sahih, their weakness and their fabrication for separating some of the sahaih hadiths from these numerous hadiths. In this research article the chains of those hadiths are investigated and explained their credibility.