bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerated long‐term forgetting over three months in asymptomatic APOE ɛ4 carriers
Authors: Tort‐Merino Adrià , Laine Matti , Valech Natalia , Olives Jaume , León María , Ecay‐Torres Mirian , Estanga Ainara , Martínez‐Lage Pablo , Fortea Juan , Sánchez‐Valle Raquel , Rami Lorena , Rodríguez‐Fornells Antoni 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccelerated long‐term forgetting (ALF) refers to a rapid loss of information over days or weeks despite normal acquisition/encoding. Notwithstanding its potential relevance as a presymptomatic marker of cognitive dysfunction, no study has addressed the relationship between ALF and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers. We examined ALF in APOE ɛ4 carriers versus noncarriers, and its relationships with AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. We found ALF over three months in APOE ɛ4 carriers (F(1,19) = 5.60; P < 0.05; Cohen’s d = 1.08), and this performance was associated with abnormal levels of the CSF Aβ42/ptau ratio (r = −.614; P < 0.01). Our findings indicate that ALF is detectable in at‐risk individuals, and that there is a relationship between ALF and the pathophysiological processes underlying AD.
Effects of think‐aloud on students' multiple‐documents comprehension
Authors: Tarchi Christian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study explored the impact of the think‐aloud research methodology on multiple‐documents comprehension outcomes. The participants in this study were 168 University students. The procedure included three steps. First, students were administered the tests measuring prior topic beliefs, topic interest, and topic knowledge. Then, students were given six documents to read, and were randomly assigned to two conditions, think‐aloud versus silent‐reading. Finally, students were asked to write an argumentative essay, judge the trustworthiness of the six documents and report to what extent they had used specific justification criteria. No significant differences were found in the argumentative essay, whereas the think‐aloud condition partially influenced participants' trustworthiness judgments and use of justification criteria. Implications of the results are discussed.
Selectivity in the Elaboration of Bicyclic Borazarenes
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ayan , Davies Geraint H. M. , Saeednia Borna , Wisniewski Steven R. , Molander Gary A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmong aromatic compounds, borazarenes represent a significant class of isosteres in which carbon‐carbon bonds have been replaced by B−N bonds. Described herein is a summary of the selective reactions that have been developed for known systems, as well as a summary of computationally‐based predictions of selectivities that might be anticipated in reactions of yet unrealized substructures.magnified image
Pathogenic paternally inherited NLGN4X deletion in a female with autism spectrum disorder: Clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular characterization
Authors: Kopp Nathan , Amarillo Ina , Martinez‐Agosto Julian , Quintero‐Rivera Fabiola 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNeuroligin 4 X‐linked (NLGN4X) is an X‐linked postsynaptic scaffolding protein, with functional role in excitatory synapsis development and maintenance, that has been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders such as intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Tourette's syndrome. Chromosomal microarray analysis identified a paternally inherited, 445 Kb deletion on Xp22.3 that includes the entire NLGN4X in a 2.5 year old female (46,XX) with congenital hypotonia, strabismus, ASD, and increased aggressive behavioral issues. Her family history is significant for a mother with learning disabilities, a father with anxiety, major depressive disorder, and substance abuse, as well as two maternal half‐brothers with developmental delays. X‐inactivation studies in the proband's blood showed random X‐inactivation despite the presence of an abnormal X chromosome. Furthermore, trio exome sequencing did not reveal any other deleterious variant that could explain her phenotype. Our report describes the first example of a paternally inherited NLGN4X microdeletion as the genetic etiology of ASD in a female proband, and the psychiatric phenotypes in the father. It also provides further evidence that NLGN4X is sensitive to dosage changes in females, and can contribute to a variety of psychiatric features within the same family.
Alagille syndrome and risk for hepatocellular carcinoma: Need for increased surveillance in adults with mild liver phenotypes
Authors: Schindler Emma A. , Gilbert Melissa A. , Piccoli David A. , Spinner Nancy B. , Krantz Ian D. , Loomes Kathleen M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem autosomal dominant developmental disorder caused predominantly by pathogenic variants in JAGGED1 (JAG1), and also by pathogenic variants in NOTCH2 in a much smaller number of individuals. Clinical presentation is highly variable and includes liver, heart, eye, skeleton, and facial abnormalities, with a subset of individuals also presenting with kidney, vascular, and central nervous system phenotypes. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare complication of ALGS, though little is known about its incidence or etiology among affected individuals. Previous reports have identified HCC occurrence in both pediatric and adult cases of ALGS. We present a case report of HCC in a 58‐year‐old woman with a pathogenic JAG1 variant and no overt hepatic features of ALGS. Through a comprehensive literature review, we compile all reported pediatric and adult cases, and further highlight one previously reported case of HCC onset in an adult ALGS patient without any hepatic disease features, similar to our own described patient. Our case report and literature review suggest that ALGS‐causing variants could confer risk for developing HCC regardless of phenotypic severity and highlight a need for a cancer screening protocol that would enable early detection and treatment in this at‐risk population.
Aortoduodenal fistula successfully treated with endovascular repair
Authors: Fuchigami Junya , Miyamoto Kyohei , Shibata Naoaki , Yonemitsu Takafumi , Ueda Kentaro , Kato Seiya 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAortoduodenal fistula is a rare cause of life‐threatening upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Accurate diagnosis is essential to initiate definitive treatment because endoscopic hemostasis, which is the usual initial intervention for upper gastrointestinal bleeding, may be ineffective. This case underscores timely intervention using endovascular treatment for achieving hemostasis in aortoduodenal fistula.
De Novo Design of Selective Quadruplex–Duplex Junction Ligands and Structural Characterisation of Their Binding Mode: Targeting the G4 Hot‐Spot
Authors: Díaz‐Casado Laura , Serrano‐Chacón Israel , Montalvillo‐Jiménez Laura , Corzana Francisco , Bastida Agatha , Santana Andrés G. , González Carlos , Asensio Juan Luis 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTargeting the interface between DNA quadruplex and duplex regions by small molecules holds significant promise in both therapeutics and nanotechnology. Herein, a new pharmacophore is reported, which selectively binds with high affinity to quadruplex–duplex junctions, while presenting a poorer affinity for G‐quadruplex or duplex DNA alone. Ligands complying with the reported pharmacophore exhibit a significant affinity and selectivity for quadruplex–duplex junctions, including the one observed in the HIV‐1 LTR‐III sequence. The structure of the complex between a quadruplex–duplex junction with a ligand of this family has been determined by NMR methods. According to these data, the remarkable selectivity of this structural motif for quadruplex–duplex junctions is achieved through an unprecedented interaction mode so far unexploited in medicinal and biological chemistry: the insertion of a benzylic ammonium moiety into the centre of the partially exposed G‐tetrad at the interface with the duplex. Further decoration of the described scaffolds with additional fragments opens up the road to the development of selective ligands for G‐quadruplex‐forming regions of the genome.
Improving Antibody‐Tubulysin Conjugates through Linker Chemistry and Site‐Specific Conjugation
Authors: Hamilton Joseph Z. , Pires Thomas A. , Mitchell Jamie A. , Cochran Julia H. , Emmerton Kim K. , Zaval Margo , Stone Ivan J. , Anderson Martha E. , Jin Steven , Waight Andrew B. , Lyon Robert P. , Senter Peter D. , Jeffrey Scott C. , Burke Patrick J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTubulysins have emerged in recent years as a compelling drug class for delivery to tumor cells via antibodies. The ability of this drug class to exert bystander activity while retaining potency against multidrug‐resistant cell lines differentiates them from other microtubule‐disrupting agents. Tubulysin M, a synthetic analogue, has proven to be active and well tolerated as an antibody‐drug conjugate (ADC) payload, but has the liability of being susceptible to acetate hydrolysis at the C11 position, leading to attenuated potency. In this work, we examine the ability of the drug‐linker and conjugation site to preserve acetate stability. Our findings show that, in contrast to a more conventional protease‐cleavable dipeptide linker, the β‐glucuronidase‐cleavable glucuronide linker protects against acetate hydrolysis and improves ADC activity in vivo. In addition, site‐specific conjugation can positively impact both acetate stability and in vivo activity. Together, these findings provide the basis for a highly optimized delivery strategy for tubulysin M.
Defining vitamin D receptor expression in the brain using a novel VDRCre mouse
Authors: Liu Hailan , He Yang , Beck Jessie , da Silva Teixeira Silvania , Harrison Keisha , Xu Yong , Sisley Stephanie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVitamin D action has been linked to several diseases regulated by the brain including obesity, diabetes, autism, and Parkinson's. However, the location of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the brain is not clear due to conflicting reports. We found that two antibodies previously published as specific in peripheral tissues are not specific in the brain. We thus created a new knockin mouse with cre recombinase expression under the control of the endogenous VDR promoter (VDRCre). We demonstrated that the cre activity in the VDRCre mouse brain (as reported by a cre‐dependent tdTomato expression) is highly overlapping with endogenous VDR mRNAs. These VDR‐expressing cells were enriched in multiple brain regions including the cortex, amygdala, caudate putamen, and hypothalamus among others. In the hypothalamus, VDR partially colocalized with vasopressin, oxytocin, estrogen receptor‐α, and β‐endorphin to various degrees. We further functionally validated our model by demonstrating that the endogenous VDR agonist 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D activated all tested tdTomato+ neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus but had no effect on neurons without tdTomato fluorescence. Thus, we have generated a new mouse tool that allows us to visualize VDR‐expressing cells and to characterize their functions.
A temporally resolved transcriptome for developing “Keller” explants of the Xenopus laevis dorsal marginal zone
Authors: Kakebeen Anneke D. , Huebner Robert J. , Shindo Asako , Kwon Kujin , Kwon Taejoon , Wills Andrea E. , Wallingford John B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundExplanted tissues from vertebrate embryos reliably develop in culture and have provided essential paradigms for understanding embryogenesis, from early embryological investigations of induction, to the extensive study of Xenopus animal caps, to the current studies of mammalian gastruloids. Cultured explants of the Xenopus dorsal marginal zone (“Keller” explants) serve as a central paradigm for studies of convergent extension cell movements, yet we know little about the global patterns of gene expression in these explants.ResultsIn an effort to more thoroughly develop this important model system, we provide here a time‐resolved bulk transcriptome for developing Keller explants.ConclusionsThe dataset reported here provides a useful resource for those using Keller explants for studies of morphogenesis and provide genome‐scale insights into the temporal patterns of gene expression in an important tissue when explanted and grown in culture.
Anti‐heart antibodies levels and their correlation with clinical symptoms and outcomes in patients with confirmed or suspected diagnosis COVID‐19
Authors: Blagova Olga , Varionchik Nadezhda , Zaidenov Vladimir , Savina Polina , Sarkisova Natalia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the blood level of anti‐heart antibodies (AHA) and its correlation with clinical outcomes in patients with severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). The study included 34 patients (23 males; mean age 60.2 ± 16.6 years) with COVID‐19 pneumonia. Besides standard medical examination, the AHA blood levels were observed, including antinuclear antibodies, antiendothelial cell antibodies, anti‐cardiomyocyte antibodies (AbC), anti‐smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA), and cardiac conducting tissue antibodies. Median hospital length of stay was 14 [13; 18] days. AHA levels were increased in 25 (73.5%) patients. Significant correlation (p < 0.05) of AHA levels with cardiovascular manifestations (r = 0.459) was found. AbC levels correlated with pneumonia severity (r = 0.472), respiratory failure (r = 0.387), need for invasive ventilation (r = 0.469), chest pain (r = 0.374), low QRS voltage (r = 0.415), and levels of C‐reactive protein (r = 0.360) and lactate dehydrogenase (r = 0.360). ASMA levels were found to correlate with atrial fibrillation (r = 0.414, p < 0.05). Antinuclear antibodies and AbC levels correlated with pericardial effusion (r = 0.721 and r = 0.745, respectively, p < 0.05). The lethality rate was 8.8%. AbC and ASMA levels correlated significantly with lethality (r = 0.363 and r = 0.426, respectively, p < 0.05) and were prognostically important. AHA can be considered as part of the systemic immune and inflammatory response in COVID‐19. Its possible role in the inflammatory heart disease requires further investigation.
A unified model for multi‐turn closed‐loop pulsating heat pipe
Authors: Sarangi Radha K. , Swain Abhilas , Rane Milind V. , Kar Satya P. , Sekhar Polymersetty C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNumerical modeling of the multi‐turn closed‐loop pulsating heat pipe (CLPHP) in the bottom, horizontal, and top heat mode is presented in this paper, with water as working fluid. Modeling is carried out for 2‐mm ID CLPHP having 5, 16, and 32 turns at different orientations for 10 different cases. Momentum and heat transfer variations with time are investigated by numerically solving the one‐dimensional governing equations for vapor bubble and liquid plugs. Instead of considering all the vapor bubble at saturation temperature, vapor bubbles are allowed to remain in super‐heated condition. Film thickness is found using a correlation. Two‐phase heat transfer coefficient is calculated by considering conduction through the thin film at liquid–vapor interface. Liquid plug merging and splitting result in continuous variation in the number of liquid plugs and vapor bubble with time, which is also considered in the code. During the merging of liquid plugs, a time step‐adaptive scheme is implemented and this minimum time step was found to be 10−7 s. Model results are compared with the experimental results from literature for heat transfer and the maximum variation in heat transfer for all these cases is below ±39%.
Urban soils research: SUITMA 10
Authors: Cheng Zhongqi , Hettiarachchi Ganga M. , Kim Kye‐Hoon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractResearch on Soils in Urban, Industrial, Traffic, Mining and Military Areas (SUITMA) has been presented at biennial SUITMA conferences held in cities around the world. Soils from these areas often present environmental, ecological, and health risks and can limit ecological functions and ecosystem services. However, as with all soils, they are an integral part of the local ecosystem. In urban areas in particular, soil is a critical resource and can play a key role in the long‐term sustainability and resiliency of cities. This special section contains five papers from the SUITMA 10 conference held in Seoul, South Korea, in 2019. They cover diverse topics that include urban soil properties, risk from contaminated soils, biological indicators for ecological functions, air deposition in urban gardens, and international summer field school opportunities. This section highlights research on anthropogenic soils conducted by the SUITMA community to promote better understanding and management of these soils.
Evaluation of ERA5 precipitation over the eastern periphery of the Tibetan plateau from the perspective of regional rainfall events
Authors: Hu Xuelin , Yuan Weihua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe eastern periphery of the Tibetan Plateau (EPTP), which connects the Tibetan Plateau in the west and the Sichuan Basin in the east, is a typical area with steep terrain. The performance of the ERA5 reanalysis data in revealing the regional rainfall events (RREs) over the EPTP was evaluated by conducting a comparison with the rain‐gauge data. The results showed that the ERA5 precipitation could capture the general spatiotemporal features of the evolution of the observed RREs with spatial correlation coefficients greater than 0.8, but obvious bias still existed. The rainfall frequency was generally greater and the rainfall intensity was weaker in the ERA5 precipitation from the Tibetan Plateau to the Sichuan Basin, with the rainfall amount being smaller over the EPTP and Sichuan Basin and larger over the eastern Tibetan Plateau. ERA5 precipitation tended to start earlier and end later relative to the RREs in the gauge data. During the RREs, the distribution of the precipitation intensity in ERA5 was weaker and more uniform than that of the gauge records, and the spatial ranges were larger, which responded well to the higher rainfall frequency but weaker intensity in ERA5 when compared with the gauge data. These findings remind us that attention should be paid when using reanalysis precipitation, especially over complex terrain such as that of the EPTP. Moreover, the incorrect timing of the ERA5 precipitation and the underestimation of the precipitation intensity indicated that problems still exist in the state‐of‐the‐art model system.
Assessment of surface exchange coefficients in the Noah‐MP land surface model for different land‐cover types in China
Authors: Zhang Xia , Chen Liang , Ma Zhuguo , Gao Yanhong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe parameterization of surface exchange coefficients (Ch) representing land–atmosphere coupling strength plays a key role in land surface modelling. Previous studies have found that land–atmosphere coupling in land surface models (LSMs) is largely overestimated, which affects the predictability of weather and climate evolution. To improve the representation of land–atmosphere interactions in LSMs, this study investigated the impact of dynamic canopy‐height‐dependent coupling strength in an offline Noah LSM with multi‐parameterization options (Noah‐MP) when applied to China. Comparison with the default Noah‐MP LSM showed that the dynamic scheme significantly improved the Ch calculations and realistically reduced the biases of simulated surface energy and water components against observations. It is noteworthy that the improvements brought about by the dynamic scheme differed across land‐cover types. The scheme was superior in reproducing the observed Ch as well as surface energy and water variables for short vegetation (grass, crops, and shrubs), whereas the improvement for tall canopy vegetation (forest) was not significant although the estimations were reasonable. The improved version benefits from the treatment of the roughness length for heat. Further, the scheme can better reproduce the observed surface thermal components, while the improvement in hydraulic variables (such as soil moisture) remains limited. Overall, the dynamic coupling scheme markedly affects the simulation of land–atmosphere interactions, and altering the dynamics of surface coupling has the potential to improve the representation of land–atmosphere interactions and, thus, the further development of LSM.
Fabrication and maturation of integrated biphasic anatomic mesenchymal stromal cell‐laden composite scaffolds for osteochondral repair and joint resurfacing
Authors: Fryhofer George W. , Zlotnick Hannah M. , Stoeckl Brendan D. , Farrell Megan J. , Steinberg David R. , Mauck Robert L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractArticular cartilage injury can lead to joint‐wide erosion and the early onset of osteoarthritis. To address this, we recently developed a rapid fabrication method to produce patient‐specific engineered cartilage tissues to replace an entire articular surface. Here, we extended that work by coupling a mesenchymal stromal cell‐laden hydrogel (methacrylated hyaluronic acid) with the porous polycaprolactone (PCL) bone integrating phase and assessed the composition and mechanical performance of these constructs over time. To improve initial construct stability, PCL/hydrogel interface parameters were first optimized by varying PCL pretreatment (with sodium hydroxide before ethanol) before hydrogel infusion. Next, cylindrical osteochondral constructs were formed and cultured in media containing transforming growth factor β3 for up to 8 weeks, with constructs evaluated for viability, histological features, and biochemical content. Mechanical properties were also assessed in axial compression and via an interface shear strength assay. Results showed that the fabrication process was compatible with cell viability, and that construct biochemical content and mechanical properties increased with time. Interestingly, compressive properties peaked at 5 weeks, while interfacial shear properties continued to improve beyond this time point. Finally, these fabrication methods were combined with a custom mold developed from limb‐specific computed tomography imaging data to create an anatomic implantable cell‐seeded biologic joint surface, which showedmaturation similar to the osteochondral cylinders. Future work will apply these advances in large animal models of critically sized osteochondral defects to study repair and whole joint resurfacing.