bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen management impact on winter wheat grain yield and estimated plant nitrogen loss
Authors: Dhillon Jagmandeep , Eickhoff Elizabeth , Aula Lawrence , Omara Peter , Weymeyer Gwen , Nambi Eva , Oyebiyi Fikayo , Carpenter Tyler , Raun William 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMethod of N application in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its impact on estimated plant N loss has not been extensively evaluated. The effects of the pre‐plant N application method, topdress N application method, and their interactions on grain yield, grain protein concentration (GPC), nitrogen fertilizer recovery use efficiency (NFUE), and gaseous N loss was investigated. The trials were set up in an incomplete factorial within a randomized complete block design and replicated three times for 5 site‐years. Data collection included normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), grain yield, and forage and grain N concentration. The NDVI before and after 90 growing degree days (GDD) were correlated with final grain yield, grain N uptake, GPC, and NFUE. At Efaw location, NDVI after 90 GDDs accounted for 58% of variation in grain yield and 51% variation in grain N uptake. However, NDVI was found to be a poor indicator of both GPC and NFUE. Grain yield was not affected by the method and timing of N application at Efaw. Alternatively, at Perkins, topdress applications resulted in higher yields. The GPC and NFUE were improved with the topdress applications. Generally, topdress application enhanced GPC and NFUE without decreasing the final grain yield. The difference method used in calculating gaseous N loss did not always reveal similar results, and estimated plant N loss was variable by site‐year, and depended on daily fluctuations in the environment.
Small bowel ischemia as an unusual complication of Henoch‐Schönlein purpura in an adult: A case report
Authors: Ko Meng‐Yu , Yen Chi‐En , Hsu Yu‐Chun , Chen Chih‐Jung , Yen Hsu‐Heng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHenoch‐Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a systemic vasculitis affecting small vessels. It is the most common systemic vasculitis in children and is rare in adults. Serious gastrointestinal complications are more common in children than in adults. We describe a case of new‐onset HSP in a previously healthy 63‐year‐old male who required an emergency laparotomy for acute small bowel ischemia.
Four children with postnatally diagnosed mosaic trisomy 12: Clinical features, literature review, and current diagnostic capabilities of genetic testing
Authors: Hu Jie , Ou Zhishuo , Surti Urvashi , Kochmar Sally , Hoffner Lori , Madan‐Khetarpal Suneeta , Arnold Georgianne L. , Walsh Leslie , Acquaro Roxanne , Sebastian Jessica , Yatsenko Svetlana A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChildren or adults with mosaic trisomy 12 diagnosed postnatally are extremely rare. Only a small number of patients with this mosaicism have been reported in the literature. The clinical manifestation of mosaic trisomy 12 is variable, ranging from mild developmental delay to severe congenital anomaly and neonatal death. The trisomy 12 cells are not usually able to be detected by phytohemagglutinin stimulated peripheral blood chromosome analysis. The variability of phenotypes and the limited number of patients with this anomaly pose a challenge to predict the clinical outcomes. In this study, we present the phenotypes and laboratory findings in four patients and review the 11 previously reported patients with mosaic trisomy 12 diagnosed postnatally, as well as 11 patients with mosaic trisomy 12 diagnosed prenatally. The findings of this study provide useful information for laboratory diagnosis and clinical management of these patients.
Advancing RAS/RASopathy therapies: An NCI‐sponsored intramural and extramural collaboration for the study of RASopathies
Authors: Gross Andrea M. , Frone Megan , Gripp Karen W. , Gelb Bruce D. , Schoyer Lisa , Schill Lisa , Stronach Beth , Biesecker Leslie G. , Esposito Dominic , Hernandez Edjay Ralph , Legius Eric , Loh Mignon L. , Martin Staci , Morrison Deborah K. , Rauen Katherine A. , Wolters Pamela L. , Zand Dina , McCormick Frank , Savage Sharon A. , Stewart Douglas R. , Widemann Brigitte C. , Yohe Marielle E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRASopathies caused by germline pathogenic variants in genes that encode RAS pathway proteins. These disorders include neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Noonan syndrome (NS), cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFC), and Costello syndrome (CS), and others. RASopathies are characterized by heterogenous manifestations, including congenital heart disease, failure to thrive, and increased risk of cancers. Previous work led by the NCI Pediatric Oncology Branch has altered the natural course of one of the key manifestations of the RASopathy NF1. Through the conduct of a longitudinal cohort study and early phase clinical trials, the MEK inhibitor selumetinib was identified as the first active therapy for the NF1‐related peripheral nerve sheath tumors called plexiform neurofibromas (PNs). As a result, selumetinib was granted breakthrough therapy designation by the FDA for the treatment of PN. Other RASopathy manifestations may also benefit from RAS targeted therapies. The overall goal of Advancing RAS/RASopathy Therapies (ART), a new NCI initiative, is to develop effective therapies and prevention strategies for the clinical manifestations of the non‐NF1 RASopathies and for tumors characterized by somatic RAS mutations. This report reflects discussions from a February 2019 initiation meeting for this project, which had broad international collaboration from basic and clinical researchers and patient advocates.
Production of Hydroxy Acids: Selective Double Oxidation of Diols by Flavoprotein Alcohol Oxidase
Authors: Martin Caterina , Trajkovic Milos , Fraaije Marco W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFlavoprotein oxidases can catalyze oxidations of alcohols and amines by merely using molecular oxygen as the oxidant, making this class of enzymes appealing for biocatalysis. The FAD‐containing (FAD=flavin adenine dinucleotide) alcohol oxidase from P. chrysosporium facilitated double and triple oxidations for a range of aliphatic diols. Interestingly, depending on the diol substrate, these reactions result in formation of either lactones or hydroxy acids. For example, diethylene glycol could be selectively and fully converted into 2‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)acetic acid. Such a facile cofactor‐independent biocatalytic route towards hydroxy acids opens up new avenues for the preparation of polyester building blocks.
Generation and Reactivity of Amidyl Radicals: Manganese‐Mediated Atom‐Transfer Reaction
Authors: Liu Run‐Zhou , Li Jinxia , Sun Jun , Liu Xian‐Guan , Qu Shuanglin , Li Ping , Zhang Bo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA simple and efficient protocol to generate amidyl radicals from amine functionalities through a manganese‐mediated atom‐transfer reaction has been developed. This approach employs an earth‐abundant and inexpensive manganese complex, Mn2(CO)10, as the catalyst and visible light as the energy input. Using this strategy, site‐selective chlorination of unactivated C(sp3)−H bonds of aliphatic amines and intramolecular/intermolecular chloroaminations of unactivated alkenes were readily realized under mild reaction conditions, thus providing efficient access to a range of synthetically valuable alkyl chlorides, chlorinated pyrrolidines, and vicinal chloroamine derivatives. These practical reactions exhibit a broad substrate scope and tolerate a wide array of functional groups, and complex molecules including various marketed drug derivatives.
Structural changes of polyacrylonitrile fibers in the process of wet spinning
Authors: Sun Lihao , Shang Lei , Xiao Linghan , Zhang Mengjie , Li Ming , Ao Yuhui 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIn this article, the structural changes of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers at the key stages of wet spinning are systemically studied. According to the X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis, the as‐spun fibers show a homogeneous three‐dimensional fibrillar network structure with random crystallite orientation, low crystallinity, and abundant pores. As the draw ratio increases, the crystallite orientation and crystallinity increase firstly in the skin and then in the core. The uneven force distribution in fiber is responsible for the inhomogeneous change of fibrillar network. According to the X‐ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy analysis, the size, shape, and volume fraction of pores are strongly dependent on the compactness degree of fibrillar network. As the fibrillar network inhomogeneously shrinks, the total pore volume decreases, and the volume fraction of small‐sized pores increased considerably from 25 to 96%, leaving a handful of large‐sized pores in the core. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48905.
Solubility parameters and solvent affinities for polycaprolactone: A comparison of methods
Authors: Boucher David S. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntrinsic viscosity measurements were used in combination with the functional solubility parameter (FSP) and Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) fitting methods to determine the solubility parameters (SPs) of polycaprolactone (PCL). Despite using only eight solvents, a simple similarity criteria approach showed that the HSPs and FSPs were good predictors of the relative solvent‐PCL affinity compared to HSPs available in the literature and SPs calculated using additive group contribution methods. Three complementary computational methodologies—Conductor‐like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents (COSMO‐RS), partial solvation parameters (PSPs), and a thermodynamic quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) approach—were used to substantiate the relative solvent–PCL affinities revealed by the intrinsic viscosity measurements. The solvent affinities predicted by all three techniques were in good agreement with the trend observed in the experimental intrinsic viscosity data, but the COSMO‐RS activity coefficients, ln(γPCL), were slightly superior to the PSP and thermodynamic QSPR methods, particularly when incorporating the Elbro free‐volume combinatorial correction in the COSMO‐RS calculations. As part of this study, the FSP fitting algorithm was modified to obtain the PSPs for PCL in terms of the intrinsic viscosity data, thereby, presenting a promising new way to calculate the PSPs of polymers from empirical solubility and solvent affinity data. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48908.
An exponential type control design for autonomous vehicle platoon systems
Authors: Zhao Xiaomin , Ju Jinxin , Dong Fangfang , Chen Ye‐Hwa , Zhang Liang , Zhang Bingzhan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGrouping vehicles into platoon is an effective method of increasing the road capacity of vehicles. Thereby there are autonomous vehicle platoon systems. In this paper, a platoon system consisting of a leading vehicle and N following vehicles is considered. The dynamic model containing the uncertainty is established subject to the physical laws. The uncertainty is time‐varying and bounded with unknown bound. Our objective is to design a control to guarantee uniform ultimate boundedness and collision avoidance. This is then formulated as a one‐sided constraint‐following control problem. Employing swarm properties, Udwadia‐Kalaba theory and a state transformation, an exponential type adaptive robust control approach for each following vehicle is brought forward. The proposed control renders the platoon system uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness in the presence of the uncertainty. The performances of compact formation and collision avoidance are also achieved.
Minimal viable sugar yield of biomass pretreatment
Authors: Marks Caroline , König Andrea , Mitsos Alexander , Viell Jörn 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe pretreatment of biomass and the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis to sugars play an important role in the production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. However, the influence of pretreatment and hydrolysis yields on the production pathway performance of biofuels is rarely researched from the beginning. Moreover, a clear trade‐off between economic efficiency and environmental impact exists. Production pathways can be evaluated with reaction network flux analysis (RNFA) ( Voll A and Marquardt W, Reaction network flux analysis: Optimization‐based evaluation of reaction pathways for biorenewables processing. AIChE J 58(6):1788–1801 (2012)). Utilizing RNFA, this study explores the influence of biomass pretreatment, focusing on changes in biomass composition, fractionation efficiency, and sugar yield after hydrolysis on the production performance of biofuels for several pretreatment concepts and several wood sources. The results show that, for ethanol and ethyl levulinate production, specific fuel costs and carbon loss correlate reciprocally with the yields of pretreatment and hydrolysis. For a constant biofuel output, the main cost driver is the feed stream of biomass, which decreases with an improved overall sugar yield after pretreatment. Furthermore, above a threshold value, specific fuel costs increase strongly with carbon loss. As a result, a minimal yield of 40% carbohydrates from wood seems to be the limit of viable production in the processes that were considered. We therefore developed a facile strategy to assess the performance of pretreatment and hydrolysis in biomass processing © 2020 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts, and Biorefining published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysing the importance of sustainability‐oriented service quality in competition environment
Authors: Ozbekler Turkan Muge , Ozturkoglu Yucel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe logistics sector is one of the most important domains in the service sector in understanding the increasing scale of business activities along with globalization. Due to the nature of the service sector, where competition is increasingly concentrated, the main objective of firms is the creation of their strategy on competitive advantage in regard with knowing the level of quality of the services offered and the firm's image from the customers' point of view. Trying to adapt to the changing conditions of the market drives firms to integrate their competing areas into their sustainability dimensions (economic, social, and environmental) with the aim of increasing their perceived quality through differentiating their business to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. The aim of this study is to examine the quality level perceived by logistics service providers in terms of triple bottom line approach and to determine the relationship between them for sustainable competition. In line with exploratory methods, factor analysis was used with the aim of finding out a new scale to the literature about the examination of the relationship between quality perception and corporate sustainability in the frame of competition. In this context, data of 120 logistics service providers were collected and analysed. According to the results, the content of the subject consists of nine factors and 29 interrelated subdimensions. As a result of the research, firms have emphasized on the importance of reaching the competition by expanding their quality perceptions within the scope of corporate sustainability in parallel with the increasing customer demands and expectations.
Prisoners with neurodevelopmental difficulties: Vulnerabilities for mental illness and self‐harm
Authors: McCarthy Jane , Chaplin Eddie , Forrester Andrew , Underwood Lisa , Hayward Hannah , Sabet Jess , Young Susan , Mills Richard , Asherson Philip , Murphy Declan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundResearch into neurodevelopmental disorders in adult offenders has tended to be disorder specific, so hindering service planning for a group of offenders with similar vulnerabilities.AimTo examine vulnerabilities for mental illness and self‐harming behaviours among male prisoners screening positive for a range of neurodevelopmental difficulties—including but not confined to disorders of intellectual ability, attention deficit hyperactivity, and in the autistic spectrum.MethodIn a cross‐sectional study, prisoners who screened positive for neurodevelopmental difficulties were compared to prisoners who screened negative for the same on indicators of suicide‐related and self‐harm behaviours, mental illness, and substance misuse using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).ResultsOf 87 prisoners who screened positive for neurodevelopmental difficulties, 69 had full MINI mental health data. In comparison with 69 neurotypical men in the same prison, the neurodevelopmental difficulties group was significantly more likely to have thought about self‐harm and suicide in the last month and to have significantly higher rates of concurrent mental disorders including psychosis, anxiety, depression, personality disorder, and substance dependency disorders.ConclusionsThis is one of the first studies to examine the mental health of adults with neurodevelopmental difficulties in a prison setting. This group, unlike those who meet diagnostic threshold, is not routinely considered by mental health or correctional services. The study found prisoners with neurodevelopmental difficulties showed greater vulnerability to mental disorder and thoughts of suicide and suicide‐related behaviours than other prisoners. Accordingly, we recommend routine early screening across the criminal justice system for any neurodevelopmental difficulties to inform decision‐making on the most appropriate disposal and support.
Gamma‐glutamyl transferase to albumin ratio as a novel predictor of bleeding events and mortality in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zheng Ying‐Ying , Wu Ting‐Ting , Chen You , Hou Xian‐Geng , Yang Yi , Ma Xiang , Ma Yi‐Tong , Zhang Jin‐Ying , Xie Xiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo determine whether gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) to albumin ratio (GAR) independently predicts mortality and bleeding events in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundSerum GGT and albumin levels have been associated with CAD risk and mortality. However, more analysis is needed to determine their predictive relationship with adverse outcomes.MethodsIn total, 5,638 patients from a large retrospective cohort study were enrolled from January 2008 to December 2016 and divided into two groups (GAR <0.62, n = 2,712 and GAR ≥0.62, n = 2,926). The average follow‐up time was 35.9 ± 22.6 months. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the risk of all‐cause mortality and bleeding events associated with GAR.ResultsThe low‐GAR group had a significantly higher number of all‐cause mortality (p = .016) and bleeding events (p = .010) than the high‐GAR group. Multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the risk of all‐cause death and bleeding events decreased by 23.8% (hazard risk [HR] = 0.762 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.601–0.966, p = .025) and 39.4% (HR = 00.616, 95% CI: 0.446–0.852, p = .003), respectively, in the high‐GAR group. In patients with acute coronary syndrome, the risk of bleeding events decreased by 57.3% in the high‐GAR group (HR = 0.427, 95% CI: 0.234–0.781, p = .006). In patients with stable coronary heart disease, the risk of all‐cause death decreased 28.6% (HR = 0.714, 95% CI: 0.540–0.944, p = .018) in the high‐GAR group.ConclusionGAR was an independent and novel predictor of mortality and bleeding events in CAD patients who underwent PCI.
Remote ischemic preconditioning reduces the incidence of contrast‐induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography/intervention: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Pranata Raymond , Tondas Alexander E. , Vania Rachel , Toruan Mangiring P. L. , Lukito Antonia A. , Siswanto Bambang B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundContrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We aimed to assess the latest evidence on the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on the incidence of CIN in patients undergoing CAG/PCI.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive search on topics assessing RIPC and CIN in CAG/PCI patients from inception up until July 2019 through several electronic databases.ResultsThere were a total of 1,925 subjects from 14 randomized controlled trials. Remote ischemic preconditioning was associated with reduced CIN incidence in patients undergoing CAG/PCI (OR 0.41 [0.30, 0.55], p < .001; I2: 22%). The nephroprotective effect was also demonstrated in those at moderate‐high risk for CIN subgroup (OR 0.41 [0.29, 0.58], p < .001; I2: 26%) and PCI‐only subgroup (OR 0.41 [0.29, 0.58], p < .001; I2: 0%). Time from RIPC to CAG/PCI has similar effectiveness among ≤45, ≤60, and ≤120 min. Mortality, rehospitalization, hemodialysis, and major adverse events were lower in the RIPC group (OR 0.50 [0.33, 0.76], p = .001; I2: 0%). Grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) assessment showed that RIPC has high evidence certainty for reducing CIN in patients undergoing PCI/CAG, moderate‐high risk subgroup, and PCI‐only subgroup with absolute reduction of 97 per 1,000, 129 per 1,000, and 121 per 1,000, respectively. Harbord test showed no evidence for the presence of small‐study effects (p = .157).ConclusionsRemote ischemic preconditioning is an effective procedure to reduce the risk of CIN and should be considered in patients with moderate‐high risk at developing CIN.
Preparation of Water‐in‐Oil‐in‐Water Multiple Emulsions with Potential Use in Food Industry
Authors: Klojdová Iveta , Feldeková Eva , Kumherová Monika , Veselá Kristina , Horáčková Šárka , Štětina Jiří 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWater‐in‐oil‐in‐water (w/o/w) emulsions were prepared using commonly available raw materials and a two‐step emulsification process. Several combinations of milk proteins and hydrocolloids were tested as internal water phases. Emulsions prepared with milk or colostrum exhibited the highest encapsulation efficiencies. In particular, w/o/w emulsions with internal water phases composed of colostrum, without addition of hydrocolloids, were the most stable. However, the addition of xanthan gum proved to be synergistic in stabilizing w/o/w whey emulsions.
Energy‐Efficient 2‐Ethylhexyl Acetate Synthesis with a Nano‐Sn‐Hydroxyapatite Photocatalyst
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Punam , Chakraborty Rajat 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA nano‐tin oxide grafted natural‐hydroxyapatite photocatalyst was fabricated using a greener approach involving sequential application of solar‐type and ultrasound‐wave energy (STUWE). The protocol provided 76 % higher surface area, 59 % more surface acidity, and 15 % reduced band gap energy than conventionally prepared photocatalysts (CPPCs). The efficacy of the STUWE‐promoted photocatalyst (STUWEPC) was optimized for maximization of 2‐ethylhexyl acetate yield (97 %) employing an energy‐efficient solar‐type/ultrasound synergistic batch reactor. A considerably lower activation energy, estimated by Langmuir‐Hinshelwood kinetics, and higher reusability characteristics (upto 8 recycles) of the STUWEPC than CPPC highlights the superiority of the STUWE procedure.