bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell Heat Generation and Dissipation: From Experimentation to Application for Cell Design.
Authors: Bravo Diaz Laura , Hales Alastair , Zhao Yan , Marzook Mohamed W , Patel Yatish , Offer Gregory James 
Published: February 2020

Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are increasingly important in ensuring sustainable mobility and reliable energy supply, storing and managing energy from renewable sources [1]. Temperature is a critical factor in LIBs performance optimisation where large temperature deviations within the cell could lead to accelerated degradation and in extreme cases, thermal runaway. Thermal management has therefore become the focus of intensive research in an attempt to improve battery performance and lifespan [2-5]. Despite the growing research interest in this area, cell heat generation and heat dissipation pathways are not usually considered when designing a cell. This typically leads to cells with thermal bottlenecks prone to internal thermal gradients. With the goal of improving performance and lifetime, a two-dimensional electro-thermal model has been developed to simulate cell performance and internal states under complex thermal boundary conditions [6]. This model can be used to assess different cooling strategies and parameters such us tab position and dimensions can be optimised from the thermal performance perspective for a particular cell chemistry and geometry.
In this study, a novel experimental procedure is employed to evaluate cell heat generation and dissipation for various operation conditions. The two-dimensional electro-thermal model was employed to assess the internal temperature distribution during the measurements and to verify the heat dissipation patterns observed during the experiments. As a result, a new metric, the Cell Cooling Coefficient (CCC) is proposed to evaluate the thermal pathways of a cell cooled via its tabs.

International Energy Agency. Tracking Clean Energy Progress 2017. 1–82 (2017). doi:10.1787/energy_tech-2014-en

Bandhauer, T. M., Garimella, S. & Fuller, T. F. A Critical Review of Thermal Issues in Lithium-Ion Batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 158, R1–R25 (2011).

Troxler, Y., Wu, B., Marinescu, M., Yufit, V., Patel, Y., Marquis, J.A., Brandon, N.P. & Offer, G. J. The effect of thermal gradients on the performance of lithium-ion batteries. J. Power Sources 247, 1018–1025 (2014).

Hunt, I. A., Zhao, Y., Patel, Y. & Offer, G. J. Surface Cooling Causes Accelerated Degradation Compared to Tab Cooling for Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells. J. Electrochem. Soc. 163, A1846–A1852 (2016).

Khan, M. R., Swierczynski, M. J. & Kær, S. K. Towards an Ultimate Battery Thermal Management System : A Review. (2017). Batteries 3, 9 (2017)

Zhao, Y., Patel, Y., Zhang, T. & Offer, G. J. Modeling the Effects of Thermal Gradients Induced by Tab and Surface Cooling on Lithium Ion Cell Performance. J. Electrochem. Soc. 165, A3169–A3178 (2018).
Characterizing Thermodynamic Properties in Concentrated Binary Electrolytes: Combined Differential Reference Concentration Cell and Hittorf Methods
Authors: Wang Andrew , Hou Tianhong , Monroe Charles W 
Published: February 2020

Accurate models of ion transport in isothermal binary solutions require measurements of various properties, including ionic conductivity, salt diffusivity, cation transference number (t+
0), and the thermodynamic Darken factor (χ). In this work a novel method is proposed to quantify composition-dependent values of χ(1-t+
0 ).
Recent studies of highly concentrated “solvent-in-salt” electrolytes suggest a strong variation of transference number with respect to composition. In fact t+
0 for electrolyte systems may double in magnitude in the highly concentrated regimes.1

Previous studies have quantified the Darken factor by assuming that t+
0 is relatively constant across the concentration range of interest. Furthermore, concentration-cell experiments typically fix arbitrary reference concentrations that may be far from the test concentration across the liquid junction. Such methods employ integral values of t+
0; the accuracy of thermodynamic properties, and thereby numerical models, may be compromised if there are substantial concentration differences and concomitant local changes in t+
0.2 An alternative approach to concentration-cell experiments would apply differential forms of the equations relating potential difference, composition, thermodynamic factor, and cation transference number.3

We propose a novel approach to concentration-cell experiments in which a matrix of liquid-junction potentials banded about a variable reference concentration is employed. When coupled with independent Hittorf-cell measurements of t+
0, this 3-dimensional surface for potential difference can be numerically fitted to reliably and accurately determine differential values of the thermodynamic factor χ across the solubility range of an electrolyte. We demonstrate this method with the electrolyte lithium hexafluorophosphate in propylene carbonate (LiPF6:PC) to determine concentration-cell liquid-junction potential (U) across a wide the solubility range. Transference-number measurements from Hittorf experiments are then used to isolate χ from differential measurements of χ(1-t+
0 ) as a function of electrolyte particle fraction (y).

Suo, L., Hu, Y. S., Li, H., Armand, M. & Chen, L. A new class of Solvent-in-Salt electrolyte for high-energy rechargeable metallic lithium batteries. Nat. Commun.
4, 1–9 (2013).

Lundgren, H., Scheers, J., Behm, M. & Lindbergh, G. Characterization of the Mass-Transport Phenomena in a Superconcentrated LiTFSI:Acetonitrile Electrolyte. J. Electrochem. Soc.
162, A1334–A1340 (2015).

Newman, J. & Thomas-Alyea, K. E. Electrochemical Systems. (John Wiley & Sons, 2004).

Figure 1
Investigating the Grain Boundary Transport and Resulting Effective Bulk Properties for Polycrystalline Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Neumann Anton , Becker-Steinberger Katharina , Danner Timo , Hein Simon , Hamann Tanner R. , Wachsman Eric D. , Latz Arnulf 
Published: February 2020

All-solid-state batteries (ASSB) are candidates for the next-generation of safe and high energy density storage systems. In order to reach the full potential in terms of energy and power density the current limiting processes on the microscopic interface level as well as the macroscopic cell level need to be overcome. In this contribution, we explore the working principle of ASSBs and their interfaces in a multi-scale approach. We combine our 3D microstructure-resolved simulation tool BEST [1,2] with a supplementary thermodynamically consistent modelling framework [3] to capture the electrochemical performance and gain insight on - homogeneous solid-solid interface processes. Through this combined approach we are able to provide additional microscopic interface and bulk properties which are transferred as theory-based input parameters to our 3D microstructure-resolved simulations.
Our focus lies on the transport limiting phenomena occurring at the homogeneous solid-solid interface e.g. grain boundary resistance in the polycrystalline electrolyte. On the microscopic level we resolve the formation of space charge layers in the solid electrolyte under the influence of grains and grain boundaries. This local electrostatic perturbation of the system through the additional polarization of the crystal grain boundaries is approximated by a mean-field approach to derive an effective dielectric constant for the polycrystalline bulk solid electrolyte. The new effective material parameter depends on the magnitude of the induced polarization and therefore relies on the material specific parameters e.g. grain size, grain width, grain volume fraction. This approach provides a link between microscopic material parameters and macroscopic electrochemical transport phenomena on cell level.
Besides the effective material parameter estimation of the system, the three dimensional resolved transport through the granular solid electrolyte e.g., the grain and grain boundary transport is of special interest. In order to account for the lithium ion hopping probability between two neighbouring particles we introduce a modified interface flux at the grain interfaces. By explicit modelling of the polycrystalline electrolyte, the experimentally observed impedance characteristics are reproduced and identified. In an extended study for oxidic garnet type systems the correlation between grain size and grain impedance as well as the varying transport properties between boundary and core phase are presented. The comparison between simulations and experiments demonstrates the importance of interfacial processes and gives directions for the development of future ASSBs.
(Invited) Electrochemical “Zinc-Ion” Storage at Nanostructured Manganese Oxides: Mechanistic Insights from 2D Interfaces to Advanced 3D Electrode Architectures
Authors: Long Jeffrey W. , Ko Jesse S. , Sassin Megan B. , Chervin Christopher N. , Parker Joseph F. , Jeon Seokmin , So Christopher R , Rolison Debra R. 
Published: February 2020

Alkaline Zn/MnO2 cells remain a popular energy-storage technology due to their low cost and benign components, yet they lack the long-term rechargeability and high-power capability required in many present and emerging applications. The benefits inherent to the coupling of zinc and manganese oxide (MnOx) electrodes can be translated to a new generation of rechargeable “zinc-ion” batteries that incorporate mild-pH Zn2+-containing electrolytes. By pairing such electrolytes with particular nanostructured forms of MnOx that undergo reversible Zn2+-based redox reactions, the rechargeability of Zn/MnOx systems can be extended to hundreds or thousands of cycles. We are exploring two particular MnOx polymorphs—layered, birnessite-type and cubic-spinel ZnMn2O4—for zinc-ion storage, where these oxides are expressed as nanoscale coatings on 3D carbon nanofoam (CNF) architectures. Such electrode designs enable high oxide-normalized capacity delivered at moderate-to-high rates and over hundreds of charge–discharge cycles. When Na+ or Li+ salts are added to the Zn2+-based aqueous electrolyte, pseudocapacitive reactions at the MnOx become active to provide pulse-power functionality at time scales approaching those for electrochemical capacitors [1]. Electrochemical charge storage in zinc-ion electrolytes may follow multiple pathways, including direct Zn2+ insertion/association at MnOx or via proton-insertion reactions that drive the formation of Znx(OH)y(SO4)z salts at the MnOx surface. We use ex situ characterization (diffraction, spectroscopy, and microscopy) of electrochemically conditioned MnOx–CNF electrodes to show that the latter reaction is dominant for birnessite-type MnOx, where the reversibility of Znx(OH)y(SO4)z formation/dissolution is promoted by the pore–solid architecture of the CNF [2]. These findings are further confirmed by scanning-probe microscopy and quartz-crystal microbalance techniques at planar MnOx–carbon electrodes that mimic the interfaces in MnOx–CNF. Insights from these investigations inform the design of advanced electrode architectures for high-performance, rechargeable zinc-ion batteries.
[1] “Combining Battery-Like and Pseudocapacitive Charge Storage in 3D MnOx@Carbon Electrode Architectures in Zinc-Ion Cells.” J.S. Ko, M.B. Sassin, J.F. Parker, D.R. Rolison, and J.W. Long, Sustain. Energy Fuels, 2 (2018) 626–636.
[2] J.S. Ko, M.D. Donakowski, M.B. Sassin, J.F. Parker, D.R. Rolison, and J.W. Long, MRS Comm., in press (2019).
The Study of Nicofe-Ternary Layered Double Hydroxide As Electrode for Supercapacitors
Authors: Ni Chung Sheng , Chen Han-Yi , Huang Jin-Hua 
Published: February 2020

The transition metal hydroxides are well-known electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs) due to their high theoretical specific capacitances. Nevertheless, low electronic conductivity of those hydroxides limits their real applications. To improve the electronic conductivity, ternary NiCoFe layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with different composition ratios were synthesized via a simple electrodeposition method in this study.
The microstructure and morphology of the as-prepared NiCoFe LDH samples were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Comparing with the binary NiCo LDHs, the ternary NiCoFe LDHs show a different nanosheet structure which is beneficial to provide high specific surface area. Among these samples, the best NiCoFe LDH has performed a specific capacitance of ~ 950 F/g at 5 mV/s and a high rate retention of ~50 % at 500 mV/s, owing to the improvement in conductivity which was mainly attributed to the addition of Fe ions. The electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) of all LDH samples were also measured and analyzed. This finding reveals the possibility of exploring the NiCoFe LDH as an effective electrode material for high-performance SCs.
A Water-in-Salt Electrolyte for High-Voltage Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Reber David , Kühnel Ruben-Simon , Battaglia Corsin 
Published: February 2020

The inherent safety and potential low cost make rechargeable batteries based on aqueous electrolytes a promising option for large-scale energy storage for grid applications. So far, operational voltages of aqueous batteries have been too low to enable market penetration due to the narrow electrochemical stability window of water (~1.23 V). Using a highly-concentrated aqueous sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI) (35 molal) electrolyte we recently reported a stability window of 2.6 V [1] and further developed a highly-concentrated ternary aqueous sodium-ion electrolyte which is robust against crystallization even at low temperatures and allows long term cycling of full-cells well below 0 °C. A 2 V class cell, based on this electrolyte, NaTi2(PO4)3 [2] and Na3(VOPO4)2F [3], displays excellent cycling stability between 30 and -10 °C with an energy density of 64 Wh kg-1, based on the active masses of both electrodes. This is almost twice as high as that of previously reported aqueous sodium-ion batteries [4]. At elevated temperatures however, the FSI-anion is susceptible to hydrolysis. As most so called water-in-salt electrolytes reported to date are based on fluorinated sulfonylimides we investigated LiFSI and NaFSI as model systems over a wide concentration and temperature range. We find that highly concentrated NaFSI electrolytes are significantly more stable than their lithium analogues. For 35m LiFSI solutions we observe complete degradation after storage at 60 °C for one week, whereas 35m NaFSI only exhibits a small decrease in pH. We suggest that FSI-destabilizing, strong anion-cation interactions in such highly concentrated electrolytes are cation dependent and relate the stability of the anion to the charge density of the cation.
References:

Kühnel, R. S.; Reber, D.; Battaglia, C., A High-Voltage Aqueous Electrolyte for Sodium-Ion Batteries. ACS Energy Lett.
2, 2005 (2017).

Li, Z.; Young, D.; Xiang, K.; Carter, W. C.; Chiang, Y.-M., Towards High Power High Energy Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries: The NaTi2(PO4)3/Na44MnO2 System. Adv. Energy Mater.
3, 290 (2013).

Qi, Y.; Mu, L.; Zhao, J.; Hu, Y. S.; Liu, H.; Dai, S., Superior Na-Storage Performance of Low-Temperature-Synthesized Na3(VO(1-x)PO4)2F(1+2x) (0≤x≤1) Nanoparticles for Na-Ion Batteries. Chem. Int. Ed.
54, 9911 (2015).

Kumar, P. R.; Jung, Y. H.; Wang, J. E.; Kim, D. K., Na3V2O2(PO4)2F-MWCNT nanocomposites as a stable and high rate cathode for aqueous and non-aqueous sodium-ion batteries. Power Sources
324, 421 (2016).
(Invited) Ionic Liquid Electrolytes and Ionogel Composites That Enable High Capacity Anodes for Lithium and Sodium Batteries
Authors: Forsyth Maria , Howlett Patrick C , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Mecerreyes David , Girard Gaetan , Ferdousi Shammi Akter , Armand Michel , Wang Xiaoen 
Published: February 2020

Traditional electrolytes currently used for Li-ion and Na-ion devices are not compatible with higher energy-density anodes required for next generation devices, such as Li metal and Na metal anodes. In addition, there is now a recognition that operation at elevated temperatures is desirable for some applications. Therefore, new electrolyte materials are currently actively being investigated for beyond Li-ion technologies. It has recently been shown that, by using an ultra-high concentration of lithium or sodium salt in an ionic liquid (or indeed some organic solvents),it is possible to achieve stable cycling of Li metal and Na metal anodes, often at high rates and current densities, and even in the presence of water. These electrolytes indicate a decoupling of the alkali metal ion dynamics from the bulk with tLi+ or tNa
+ transport numbers approaching or even exceeding 0.5. We will discuss the structure and transport in these superconcentrated IL systems and the importance of clustering and structural rearrangement in the transport mechanism of the alkali metal cation.
It has also been demonstrated that polymerized ionic liquids, such as poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PDADMA), with either TFSI or FSI counterions, are capable of dissolving even higher concentrations of lithium salt leading to highly conductive solid electrolytes. These materials have high tLi+ and improved mechanical properties and also enable stable Li metal cycling, thus offering exciting opportunities for all solid state lithium batteries. These materials will also be discussed in terms of their phase behavior, conductivity and electrochemical behavior.
Airway narrowing and response to simulated deep inspiration in bronchial segments from subjects with fixed airflow obstruction
Authors: Cairncross Alvenia , Jones Robyn L. , Elliot John G. , McFawn Peter K. , James Alan L. , Noble Peter B. 
Published: February 2020

The volume fraction of extracellular matrix (ECM) within the layer of airway smooth muscle (ASM) is increased in subjects with fixed airflow obstruction. We postulated that changes in ECM within the ASM layer will impact force transmission during induced contraction and/or in response to externally applied stresses like a deep inspiration (DI). Subjects were patients undergoing lung resection surgery who were categorized as unobstructed ( n = 12) or “fixed” obstructed ( n = 6) on the basis of preoperative spirometry. The response to a DI, assessed by the ratio of isovolumic flows from maximal and partial inspirations (M/P), was also measured preoperatively. M/P was reduced in the obstructed group ( P = 0.02). Postoperatively, bronchial segments were obtained from resected tissue, and luminal narrowing to acetylcholine and bronchodilation to simulated DI were assessed in vitro. Airway wall dimensions and the volume fraction of ECM within the ASM were quantified. Maximal airway narrowing to acetylcholine ( P = 0.01) and the volume fraction of ECM within the ASM layer ( P = 0.02) were increased in the obstructed group, without a change in ASM thickness. Whereas bronchodilation to simulated DI in vitro was not different between obstructed and unobstructed groups, it was correlated with increased M/P (bronchodilation/less bronchoconstriction) in vivo ( P = 0.03). The volume fraction of ECM was inversely related to forced expiratory volume in 1 s FEV1 %predicted ( P = 0.04) and M/P ( P = 0.01). Results show that in subjects with fixed airflow obstruction the mechanical behavior of the airway wall is altered and there is a contemporaneous shift in the structural composition of the ASM layer. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cartilaginous airways from subjects with fixed airflow obstruction have an increase in the volume fraction of extracellular matrix within the airway smooth muscle layer. These airways are also intrinsically more reactive to a contractile stimulus, which is expected to contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness in this population, often attributed to geometric mechanisms. In view of these results, we speculate on how changes in extracellular matrix may impact airway mechanics.
Dasatinib Is an Effective Treatment for Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Nguyen Tran B. , Sakata-Yanagimoto Mamiko , Fujisawa Manabu , Nuhat Sharna Tanzima , Miyoshi Hiroaki , Nannya Yasuhito , Hashimoto Koichi , Fukumoto Kota , Bernard Olivier A. , Kiyoki Yusuke , Ishitsuka Kantaro , Momose Haruka , Sukegawa Shinichiro , Shinagawa Atsushi , Suyama Takuya , Sato Yuji , Nishikii Hidekazu , Obara Naoshi , Kusakabe Manabu , Yanagimoto Shintaro , Ogawa Seishi , Ohshima Koichi , Chiba Shigeru 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Recurrent hotspot (p.Gly17Val) mutations in RHOA encoding a small GTPase, together with loss-of-function mutations in TET2 encoding an epigenetic regulator, are genetic hallmarks of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Mice expressing the p.Gly17Val RHOA mutant on a Tet2-null background succumbed to AITL-like T-cell lymphomas due to deregulated T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Using these mice to investigate therapeutics for AITL, we found that dasatinib, a multikinase inhibitor prolonged their survival through inhibition of hyperactivated TCR signaling. A phase I clinical trial study of dasatinib monotherapy in 5 patients with relapsed/refractory AITL was performed. Dasatinib was started at a dose of 100 mg/body once a day and continued until days 10–78 (median day 58). All the evaluable patients achieved partial responses. Our findings suggest that AITL is highly dependent on TCR signaling and that dasatinib could be a promising candidate drug for AITL treatment.

Significance:
Deregulated T-cell receptor signaling is a critical molecular event in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and can be targeted with dasatinib.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a 6-Month Low-Carbohydrate Intervention on Disease Progression in Men with Recurrent Prostate Cancer: Carbohydrate and Prostate Study 2 (CAPS2)
Authors: Freedland Stephen J. , Allen Jenifer , Jarman Aubrey , Oyekunle Taofik , Armstrong Andrew J. , Moul Judd W. , Sandler Howard M. , Posadas Edwin , Levin Dana , Wiggins Emily , Howard Lauren E. , Wu Yuan , Lin Pao-Hwa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Both weight loss and low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) without weight loss prolong survival in prostate cancer models. Few human trials have tested weight loss or LCD on prostate cancer.

Experimental Design:
We conducted a multi-site randomized 6-month trial of LCD versus control on PSA doubling time (PSADT) in patients with prostate cancer with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after local treatment. Eligibility included body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2 and PSADT 3 to 36 months. The LCD arm was instructed to eat \le $20 g/carbs/day; the control arm instructed to avoid dietary changes. Primary outcome was PSADT. Secondary outcomes included weight, lipids, glucose metabolism, and diet.

Results:
Of 60 planned patients, the study stopped early after an interim analysis showed futility. Twenty-six LCD and 19 control patients completed the study. At 6 months, although both arms consumed similar protein and fats, the LCD arm reduced carbohydrates intake (−117 vs. 6 g, P &lt; 0.001) and lost weight (−12.3 vs. −0.60 kg, P &lt; 0.001). The LCD arm increased HDL and reduced triglycerides and HbA1c with no difference in total cholesterol or glucose. Mean PSADT was similar between LCD (22 months) and control (15 months, P = 0.313) arms. In a post hoc exploratory analysis accounting for prestudy PSADT, baseline PSA, primary treatment, and hemoconcentration, PSADT was significantly longer in LCD versus control (30 vs. 13 months, P = 0.007) arms. Adverse events were few, usually mild, and returned to baseline by 6 months.

Conclusions:
Among BCR patients, LCD induced weight loss and metabolic benefits with acceptable safety without affecting PSADT, suggesting LCD does not adversely affect prostate cancer growth and is safe. Given exploratory findings of longer PSADT, larger studies testing LCD on disease progression are warranted.