bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computationally Derived Adaptive Inspirational Stimuli for Real-Time Design Support During Concept Generation
Authors: Goucher-Lambert Kosa , Gyory Joshua T. , Kotovsky Kenneth , Cagan Jonathan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Design activity can be supported using inspirational stimuli (e.g., analogies, patents, etc.), by helping designers overcome impasses or in generating solutions with more positive characteristics during ideation. Design researchers typically generate inspirational stimuli a priori in order to investigate their impact. However, for a chosen stimulus to possess maximal utility, it should automatically reflect the current and ongoing progress of the designer. In this work, designers receive computationally selected inspirational stimuli midway through an ideation session in response to the state of their current solution. Sourced from a broad database of related example solutions, the semantic similarity between the content of the current design and concepts within the database determine which potential stimulus is received. Designers receive a particular stimulus based on three experimental conditions: a semantically near stimulus, a semantically far stimulus, or no stimulus (control). Results indicate that adaptive inspirational stimuli can be determined using Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) and that semantic similarity measures are a promising approach for real-time monitoring of the design process. The ability to achieve differentiable near vs. far stimuli was validated using both semantic cosine similarity values and participant self-response ratings. As a further contribution, this work also explores the impact of different types of adaptive inspirational stimuli on design outcomes. Here, near inspirational stimuli increase the feasibility of design solutions. Results also demonstrate the significant impact of the overall inspirational stimulus innovativeness on final design outcomes, which may be greater than differences across individual sub-dimensions.
Towards Selective Volumetric Additive Manufacturing and Processing of Ceramics
Authors: Iliopoulos A. P. , Michopoulos J. G. , Steuben J. C. , Birnbaum A. J. , Graber B. D. , Rock B. Y. , Johnson L. A. , Gorzkowski E. P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The development of advanced additive manufacturing (AM) and material processing techniques is currently a topic of great interest to broad communities of scientists and engineers. In particular, there is a need for AM processes capable of producing functional and high-quality components at a faster rate than is currently achievable. In response to this demand, the present work introduces the initial steps of a novel spatially-resolved and selective approach for processing volumetric regions of ceramic materials. The proposed method utilizes microwave radiation to heat material at desired locations within a domain filled with ceramic powder. Using this principle of operation, a number of methods for implementation of this process are proposed. As a first step, a multiphysics computational methodology and an associated model that allows for the analysis and design of relevant processing systems is introduced. Additionally, a number of simulations demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed methodology are presented. Based on these preliminary results, we conclude with a discussion of ongoing and future efforts to fully realize this technology.
Evaluating Idea Quantity and Variety When Using Digital Collaboration Tools to Support Brainstorming in Non-Collocated Teams
Authors: Kaweesa Dorcas V. , McComb Christopher , Menold Jessica , Ritter Sarah , Meisel Nicholas A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The advent of modern digital communication technology has enabled engineers to effectively collaborate regardless of team members’ geographic locations. As such, introducing engineering students to virtual environments and collaborative tools is particularly important to prepare them for careers in increasingly digital environments. This study investigates how integrating online collaboration tools in students’ idea generation activities impacts the i) quantity and ii) variety of ideas generated after a peer-feedback session. Students from five sections of a first-year engineering design course were assigned to either a collocated design team or a non-collocated design team to participate in a collaborative design feedback activity. Students individually generated an idea set using an online brainstorming tool (Stormboard), received peer-feedback via one of two delivery conditions (in-person or virtual through video conferencing), and revised their idea set based on the received feedback. Each final idea set was analyzed and compared to identify any differences in the final idea quantity and variety due to the assigned feedback delivery condition. Results revealed a statistically significant difference, but with minimal realistic impact on the final quantity of ideas (equivalent to a difference of one idea between groups). No statistically significant difference was found in the final variety of ideas generated between collocated and non-collocated design teams after the peerfeedback session. This suggests that feedback provided through digital collaboration tools may be used to support idea generation in non-collocated teams without being detrimental to ideation solutions. The implications of these findings are significant for faculty or students who may be involved in online learning activities centered on engineering design.
Renormalization Group Method for Singular Perturbed Systems Driven by Fractional Brownian Motion
Authors: Guo Lihong , Shi Shaoyun , Chen YangQuan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this article, we use the renormalization group method to study the approximate solution of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) driven by fractional Brownian motion with Hurst parameter H∈12,1. We derive a related reduced system, which we use to construct the separate scale approximation solutions. It is shown that the approximate solutions remain valid with high probability on large time scales. We also expect that our general approach can be applied to the fields of physics, finance, and engineering, etc.
Thinking About Design Thinking: Toward Capturing Students’ Metacognition in Solving Design Problems
Authors: Olewnik Andrew , Stuhlmiller Brian , Yerrick Randy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this short-paper we describe the ongoing development of a research methodology toward accessing how students think about design. Consideration of the formulation of a design problem statement that is suitable for supporting discussion with students from multiple disciplines at various points in their engineering education is the specific focus. The discussion draws from work on problem typology, design thinking, and metacognition as a theoretical basis that informs the problem formulation and planned approach for analysis.
Conducting Non-Adaptive Experiments in a Live Setting: A Bayesian Approach to Determining Optimal Sample Size
Authors: Sudarsanam Nandan , Chandran Ramya , Frey Daniel D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This research studies the use of predetermined experimental plans in a live setting with a finite implementation horizon. In this context, we seek to determine the optimal experimental budget in different environments using a Bayesian framework. We derive theoretical results on the optimal allocation of resources to treatments with the objective of minimizing cumulative regret, a metric commonly used in online statistical learning. Our base case studies a setting with two treatments assuming Gaussian priors for the treatment means and noise distributions. We extend our study through analytical and semi-analytical techniques which explore worst-case bounds and the generalization to k treatments. We determine theoretical limits for the experimental budget across all possible scenarios. The optimal level of experimentation that is recommended by this study varies extensively and depends on the experimental environment as well as the number of available units. This highlights the importance of such an approach which incorporates these factors to determine the budget.
Satisfactory Optimization Design for Fractional Order PID Controller
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Jia Yuanjun , Jin Weidong , Wang Yong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a new parameters optimization approach for fractional order PID controllers, which uses a satisfactory optimization model. To fulfill different design performance specfications and constrains of systems, the application of multi-criterion satisfactory optimization to fractional control systems is considered. At the same time, the performance of fractional control systems controlled by fractional order controller and integer order controller is discussed. The simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed method and the superiority of the fractional order controller in both time domain and frequency domain.
Multi-Parameter Coupling Effect of Wearable Energy Harvesting Backpack From Human Motion
Authors: Hou Zehao , Cao Junyi , Zuo Lei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The main purpose of wearable energy harvesting devices is to replace the chemical battery and supply enough power for portable devices. Therefore, this paper derives the function expression of harvested energy via frequency ratio (excitation frequency/natural frequency) and external resistance, aiming to optimize running conditions directly in practical matters. It proposes that when energy harvesting devices work at direct force excitation the optimal condition is the frequency ratio equal to one. But the optimal excitation frequency is related to damping at base excitation, When the value of the damping ratio is less than 0.258, there is a local peak output power. Conversely, the larger excitation frequency is the larger output power is. The optimal external resistance is related with back EFM constant of the electromagnetic transducer at both cases. In the end, some experiment was conducted to study the relationship between output and some parameters.
From Idea to Production: A Retrospective and Longitudinal Case Study of Prototypes and Prototyping Strategies
Authors: Arndt Hansen Camilla , Özkil Ali Gürcan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study explores the value of visualizing the prototyping activities in a new product development process from idea to production. Through a case study of a hardware startup, we present a visualization of their prototyping processes, from early idea to the introduction of several product versions to market. Analyzing qualitative and quantitative parameters of the visualization allows us to understand how prototyping strategies can change over the course of a product development process. Specifically, we focus on the prototyping of parallel concepts, iterations of concepts, manufacturing processes used for prototypes as well as prototyping of isolated or integrated systems. Based on this longitudinal analysis, we present a number of insights that are otherwise difficult to extract. We observe how parallel prototypes of isolated systems can be used to explore the solution space and later be synthesized into prototypes for integrated systems. Furthermore, we understand how the need to scale up production can lead to increased prototyping activities, as several parts of a product must be redesigned. This study illustrates the utility of a retrospective visualization approach and serves as the first step in formulation of generalized guidelines for prototyping strategies for holistic product development, through further case studies.
Spacecraft Failure Analysis From the Perspective of Design Decision-Making
Authors: Kattakuri Vikranth , Panchal Jitesh H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Space mission-related projects are demanding and risky undertakings because of their complexity and cost. Many missions have failed over the years due to anomalies in either the launch vehicle or the spacecraft. Projects of such magnitude with undetected flaws due to ineffective process controls account for huge losses. Such failures continue to occur despite the studies on systems engineering process deficiencies and the state-of-the-art systems engineering practices in place. To further explore the reasons behind majority of the failures, we analyzed the failure data of space missions that happened over the last decade. Based on that information, we studied the launch-related failure events from a design decision-making perspective by employing failure event chain-based framework and identified some dominant cognitive biases that might have impacted the overall system performance leading to unintended catastrophes. The results of the study are presented in this paper.
Precision Measurement and Comprehensive Analysis of Dielectrophoretic Crossover Behavior of Micro-Particles
Authors: Kao Ying-Chuan , Lu Yun-Wei , Sun Chieh , Hung Chia-Ling , Juang Jia-Yang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To be one of the hottest topics recent years, a huge amount of diverse applications of the Dielectrophoresis (DEP) phenomenon have been discovered and published. The DEP force mainly comes from the difference in dielectric polarizability between the suspended particles and the suspending medium and it only occurs when the applied AC electric field is non-uniform in space. There are many important parameters that affect the magnitude, direction and the crossover frequency of the DEP force, such as the applied AC electric field frequency, electric field distribution, applied voltage, medium conductivity, particle permittivity, particle size, the electric double layer of particles and so on. Variation of each of the above mentioned parameters could cause great difference in the dielectrophoretic behavior of particles. People have made great efforts in quantifying the influence of them but there are still a lot of uncertain relations and mechanisms to be verified. Therefore, we present a comprehensive analysis of the crossover behavior of micro-particles due to DEP and several concurrent phenomena through both experiments and finite element simulations and provides an important foundation for further insight into electrical properties of micro-particles and for more advanced Lab-on-chip devices developments.
Hybrid Lubricant Film With High Bonding Ratio and High Coverage
Authors: Tani Hiroshi , Uesaraie Yuki , Lu Renguo , Koganezawa Shinji , Tagawa Norio 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The frictional properties of a hybrid lubricant film composited from perfluoropolyether (PFPE) lubricant (Moresco DDOH) with single end group and PFPE film deposited from HT170 (Solvay) via photoelectron-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) were evaluated using a pin-on-disk tester and compared with that of a Z-tetraol dip-coated film. The frictional coefficient of only the HT170 film deposited via PACVD was considerably high; however, the hybrid lubricant film without the mobile fraction showed a friction coefficient equivalent to that of the Z-tetraol film with a mobile fraction of 40%.
Design and Implementation of a High Accuracy Interpolation Encoder IC for Magnetic Sensor
Authors: Chen Wen-Yu , Zhang Yi-Feng , Chao Paul C.-P. , Pribadi Eka Fitrah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The magnetic encoder (ME) always employs sensor passing through periodic and equal distance grating and then generates periodic quadrature scaling signals for displacement measurement. The phase is relative to the movement. To improve encoder accuracy or resolution, electronic interpolation technique had been developed to subdivide the phase of quadrature scaling signals. According to the trends, this paper proposed a specific method with excellent noise immunity characteristic and a complete calibration process to improve the accuracy of the system. The designed circuit is taped-out using TSMC 0.18-μm CMOS process, where the active area is 1643 μm × 1676 μm. The chip has the specification of 3.3 V supply voltage, 20 MHz clock frequency, and 0.0859 mW power consumption. The accuracy of the measurement system is 1.065um.
Air Bearing Pushback in Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording
Authors: Xiong Shaomin , Smith Robert , Nguyen Chanh , Zhang Youfeng , Yoon Yeoungchin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The air bearing surface is critical to the spacing control in current hard disk drives (HDDs). Thermal protrusions, including thermal flying height control (TFC) and writer coil protrusion, drive the reader/writer elements closer to the magnetic media. The spacing control actuation efficiency depends on the air bearing push back response after the TFC or writer protrudes. In the next generation hard disk drive technology, heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), laser induced protrusions further complicate the spacing control. The laser induced protrusions, such as the localized NFT protrusion and a wider change of the crown and camber, have very different dimensions and transient characteristics than the traditional TFC and writer protrusion. The dimension of the NFT protrusion is relatively smaller, and the transient is much faster than the TFC protrusion. However, it is found that the NFT protrusion is large enough to generate an air bearing push back effect, which changes the read and write spacing when the laser is powered on. To accurately control spacing in HAMR, this push back effect has to be taken into account.
Laser Current Studies in Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording
Authors: Trinh Tan D. , Rajauria Sukumar , Smith Robert , Schreck Erhard , Dai Qing , Talke Frank E. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), optical power from a laser diode mounted on the slider is used to heat up a nanometer scale area on the disk surface to approximately 450°C, facilitating the writing process. Controlling optical power or current that is applied to the laser diode in HAMR is a critical task. In this study, a fully integrated system of HAMR heads and disks is used to study laser current as a function of the magnetic write width (MWW), the operating radius, and the head-disk clearance. Our experimental results show that the laser current is a linear function of the magnetic write width and the head-disk clearance. As the operating radius increases from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the disk, the laser current increases by approximately 20%.
Snap Load Induced by Slack-Taut Process in a Taut Mooring Line
Authors: Qiao Dongsheng , Tang Wei , Suo Yunfei , Yan Jun , Li Yugang , Zhou Daocheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The large amplitude motion of floating structures could cause slack-taut transformation in the taut mooring system, which may result in snap load. The dynamic finite element analysis model is established to simulate the slack-taut process through adding a series of sinusoidal excitation with different amplitudes and frequencies to the upper end of a taut mooring line. During the slack-taut process, the minimum dynamic tension could be close to zero, and the maximum dynamic tension could come up to several times of pretension. The change laws of dynamic tension during the slack-taut process are compared and summarized. The calculation results show that the phenomenon of slack-taut could occur when the amplitude and frequency of excitation reach some certain value. The mooring line tension spectra show that the doubling and higher frequency components appear in addition to the frequency of excitation. The results could provide a reference for further investigating on the mechanism of snap load and the design of mooring system.
An Approach for Estimating the Corrosion Rates on Aging FPSO Hull Structures
Authors: Larangeira Vicente d’Orema Albuquerque , Videiro Paulo Maurício , Júnior José Alfredo Ferrari , Sagrilo Luis Volnei Sudati 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a methodology to estimate the thickness loss on hulls of Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) platforms under general corrosion. The main purpose is to define characteristic corrosion rates for structural reassessment of the extension of life of FPSOs considering results of previous in-life inspections.
The steel wear generates sectional loss and capacity reduction, possibly leading to structural failure. Being capable of estimating FPSO’s plates and stiffeners thickness along the operational life would be a considerable safety improvement for the whole industry, benefiting operators and classifications societies.
During this research, different models were investigated to define the proposed methodology: (a) Model A (Garbatov and Soares [1,2]); (b) Model B (Melchers et al. [3–11] and, the one considered more appropriate to this study, Model C (Paik et al. [12,16]).
The proposed approach, based on Paik et al (2003), considers that the results of thickness loss readings in inspections during the operational life of the FPSO may be modeled by the Weibull model. Then, this model is applied to estimate the characteristic corrosion rate for the structural reassessment of FPSO extension life.
Results of the proposed methodology are presented for four structural components of a typical converted FPSO single hull in operation at Campos Basin, Brazil offshore.
Comparison of the Environmental Contour Method and Response-Based Analysis Using Response Emulator for Estimating Extreme Ship Responses
Authors: Vanem Erik , Guo Bingjie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Environmental contours are often applied in probabilistic structural reliability analysis to identify extreme environ-mental conditions that may give rise to extreme loads and responses. They facilitate approximate long term analysis of critical structural responses in situations where computationally heavy and time-consuming response calculations makes full long-term analysis infeasible. The environmental contour method identifies extreme environmental conditions that are expected to give rise to extreme structural response of marine structures. The extreme responses can then be estimated by performing response calculations for environmental conditions along the contours.
Response-based analysis is an alternative, where extreme value analysis is performed on the actual response rather than on the environmental conditions. For complex structures, this is often not practical due to computationally heavy response calculations. However, by establishing statistical emulators of the response, using machine learning techniques, one may obtain long time-series of the structural response and use this to estimate extreme responses.
In this paper, the contour method will be compared to response-based estimation of extreme vertical bending moment for a tanker. A response emulator based on Gaussian processes regression with adaptive sampling has been established based on response calculations from a hydrodynamic model. Long time-series of sea-state parameters such as significant wave height and wave period are used to construct N-year environmental contours and the extreme N-year response is estimated from numerical calculations for identified sea states. At the same time, the response emulator is applied on the time series to provide long time-series of structural response, in this case vertical bending moment of a tanker. Extreme value analysis is then performed directly on the responses to estimate the N-year extreme response. The results from either method will then be compared, and it is possible to evaluate the accuracy of the environmental contour method in estimating the response.