bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of sivelestat and N-acetylcysteine alleviates the inflammatory response and exceeds standard treatment for acetaminophen-induced liver injury
Authors: Raevens Sarah , Van Campenhout Sanne , Debacker Pieter-Jan , Lefere Sander , Verhelst Xavier , Geerts Anja , Van Vlierberghe Hans , Colle Isabelle , Devisscher Lindsey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hepatocyte death during acetaminophen (APAP) intoxication elicits a reactive inflammatory response, with hepatic recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes, which further aggravates liver injury. Neutrophil elastase (NE), secreted by activated neutrophils, carries degradative and cytotoxic functions and maintains a proinflammatory state. We investigated NE as a therapeutic target in acetaminophen-induced liver injury (AILI). C57BL/6 mice were administered a toxic dose of APAP, 2 h prior to receiving the NE inhibitor sivelestat, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), or a combination therapy, and were euthanized after 24 and 48 h. Upon APAP overdose, neutrophils and monocytes infiltrate the injured liver, accompanied by increased levels of NE. Combination therapy of NAC and sivelestat significantly limits liver damage, as evidenced by lower serum transaminase levels and less hepatic necrosis compared to mice that received APAP only, and this to a greater extent than NAC monotherapy. Lower hepatic expression of proinflammatory markers was observed in the combination treatment group, and flow cytometry revealed significantly less monocyte influx in livers from mice treated with the combination therapy, compared to untreated mice and mice treated with NAC only. The potential of NE to induce leukocyte migration was confirmed in vitro. Importantly, sivelestat did not impair hepatic repair. In conclusion, combination of NE inhibition with sivelestat and NAC dampens the inflammatory response and reduces liver damage following APAP overdose. This strategy exceeds the standard of care and might represent a novel therapeutic option for AILI.
Enterovirus detection and serotyping of fecal material collected from three children living on the outskirts of Belém city, Amazon region, Brazil, during the first 3 years of life (1983‐1986)
Authors: Coutinho Carla Rafaela Monteiro , Siqueira Jones Anderson Monteiro , Machado Raiana Scerni , Bandeira Renato Da Silva , Ferreira James Lima , Alves Jainara Cristina Dos Santos , Gabbay Yvone Benchimol , Tavares Fernando Neto 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the current investigation, fecal material was obtained during a community‐based longitudinal study conducted from 1983 to 1986. This study consisted of 71 children aged newborn to 3 years. A total of 216 samples from three of these children were screened by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) for the presence of enteroviruses, and positive samples were serotyped by VP1 and VP3 sequencing of the viral genome. Of these, 12 (5.6%) came from symptomatic cases, and the remaining asymptomatic cases were collected fortnightly during the 3 years of study. A positivity of 63.4% (137/216) was obtained by RT‐qPCR, with 58.3% (7/12) in relation to the symptomatic group and 63.7% (130/204) in relation to the asymptomatic group. The 137 positive samples were inoculated into the RD, HEp2C, and L20B cell lines, and the cytopathic effect was observed in 37.2% (51/137) samples. It was also possible to identify 40.9% (56/137), between isolated (n = 46) and nonisolated (n = 10). Enterovirus serotype diversity (n = 25) was identified in this study, with the predominant species being B (80.3%), followed by C (16.1%) and A (3.6%). Cases of reinfection by different serotypes were also observed in the three children studied. Analyses involving different age groups of these minors confirmed that the most affected age was between 12 to 24 months, with a prevalence of 77.6% (52/67). The enterovirus (EV) circulated in the 3 years of research, showed peaks in some months, without defined seasonality. This study demonstrated a high circulation and serotype diversity of EV in fecal samples, collected over 30 years ago. This endorsed the evaluation of important points of the epidemiology of these viruses, such as the presence of coinfection and reinfection of the same individual by different circulating serotypes. Understanding the frequency and duration of EV infections is important in determining their association with persistent diarrhea.
Murine maternal dietary restriction affects neural Humanin expression and cellular profile
Authors: Baldauf Claire , Sondhi Monica , Shin Bo‐Chul , Ko Young Eun , Ye Xin , Lee Kuk‐Wha , Devaskar Sherin U. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo understand the cellular basis for the neurodevelopmental effects of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), we examined the global and regional expression of various cell types within murine (Mus musculus) fetal brain. Our model employed maternal calorie restriction to 50% daily food intake from gestation day 10–19, producing IUGR offspring. Offspring had smaller head sizes with larger head:body ratios indicating a head sparing IUGR effect. IUGR fetuses at embryonic day 19 (E19) had reduced nestin (progenitors), β‐III tubulin (immature neurons), Glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocytes), and O4 (oligodendrocytes) cell lineages via immunofluorescence quantification and a 30% reduction in cortical thickness. No difference was found in Bcl‐2 or Bax (apoptosis) between controls and IUGR, though qualitatively, immunoreactivity of doublecortin (migration) and Ki67 (proliferation) was decreased. In the interest of examining a potential therapeutic peptide, we next investigated a novel pro‐survival peptide, mouse Humanin (mHN). Ontogeny examination revealed highest mHN expression at E19, diminishing by postnatal day 15 (P15), and nearly absent in adult (3 months). Subanalysis by sex at E19 yielded higher mHN expression among males during fetal life, without significant difference between sexes postnatally. Furthermore, female IUGR mice at E19 had a greater increase in cortical mHN versus the male fetus over their respective controls. We conclude that maternal dietary restriction‐associated IUGR interferes with neural progenitors differentiating into the various cellular components populating the cerebral cortex, and reduces cerebral cortical size. mHN expression is developmental stage and sex specific, with IUGR, particularly in the females, adaptively increasing its expression toward mediating a pro‐survival approach against nutritional adversity.
Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with acacia trees in southwestern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mahdhi Mosbah , Tounekti Taieb , Abada Emad , Al‐Faifi Zarraq , Khemira Habib 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAcacia species produce extensive, deep root systems with a capacity to develop mycorrhizal symbioses that facilitate plant nutrition via enhanced soil nutrient absorption. This study aimed to evaluate the mycorrhizal status and the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with acacia trees in southwestern Saudi Arabia. The mycorrhizal status varied greatly between species. The highest values of AMF root colonization and spore density were observed in the roots and in the rhizospheric soil of Acacia negrii. DNA was extracted from plant roots and the AMF large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) was amplified by a nested polymerase chain reaction. A total of 274 LSU rDNA cloned fragments from roots of the three acacia trees were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a high AMF diversity, especially in Acacia tortilis. On the basis of LSU rDNA sequences, AMF was grouped into five genera: Glomus, Claroideoglomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, and Scutellospora. The genus Glomus fungi were the dominant colonizers of all three acacia species, while the genus Scutellospora fungi were found only in A. tortilis roots. The high AMF‐acacia diversity suggests that AMF plays an important role in the sustainability of acacia species in the arid environment.
Distinct biotite‐weathering activities of Arthrobacter pascens F74 under different contact conditions
Authors: Sun Yue , Wang Yuanli , Li Lei , Sun Lijing , He Linyan , Sheng Xiafang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBacteria play important roles in mineral weathering and soil formation. However, little is known regarding the interactions between biotite and Arthrobacter strains. In this study, the mineral–mineral activities of the Arthrobacter pascens F74 isolated from a weathered rock surface were evaluated for its weathering behavior under direct contact and no contact with biotite. No contact was obtained by using dialysis bags. When directly in contact with biotite, Al and Fe concentrations increased by 9‐ to 47‐fold compared with the controls in the presence of strain F74. Furthermore, strain F74 increased mobilized Al by 106% to 175% and Fe by 29% to 123% under direct contact than under no contact conditions. During biotite dissolution, significantly higher cell numbers and lower pH in the culture medium were observed in the presence of strain F74 under direct contact conditions than under no contact conditions. Significantly higher gluconic acid concentration and glucose dehydrogenase activity were found under direct contact conditions than under no contact and no biotite conditions. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed cell adhesion on the biotite surface. These results demonstrated that strain F74 behaved differently with respect to biotite‐weathering effectiveness and mechanisms under different contact conditions. The results also suggested that direct contact between biotite and strain F74 was important for the production of gluconic acid, cell adhesion on the mineral surface, and the mineral dissolution of the strain.
A statistical prediction model for summer extreme precipitation days over the northern central China
Authors: Han Tingting , Li Shangfeng , Hao Xin , Guo Xinyi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe characteristics of summer precipitation over northern central China (NC China) and its associated atmospheric circulation have been documented in many previous studies. However, the prediction of extreme precipitation events, which is vital for water resource management and agricultural yield, has received little attention. In this study, we attempted to establish a statistical model to predict mid‐summer extreme precipitation days (EPDs) over NC China, based on a year‐to‐year increment (DY) approach. Three variables—preceding early‐spring snow cover DY over western China, previous early‐summer sea surface temperature (SST) DY in the North Pacific, and SST DY differences between the equatorial western and eastern Pacific—were selected as potential predictors. The first predictor exerted an impact on precipitable water content anomalies, South Asian high and vertical movement anomalies over NC China through anomalous soil moisture over northern China. The latter two predictors affected the EPDs over NC China via modulating moisture transport originating from tropical oceans. Further results showed that the prediction model performed well in predicting the inter‐annual variation of EPDs, with respective correlation coefficients of .79/.67 between the predicted and observed EPDs DY/EPDs for 1980–2014. The agreement index of the prediction model was 0.67 and the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency was 0.37, suggesting good capabilities of the prediction model. Both the one‐year‐out cross‐validation test for 1980–2014 and independent hindcast for 1995–2014 demonstrated that these three predictors showed skilful predictions of EPDs over NC China. The cross‐validation (hindcast) simulated EPDs DY achieved a significant correlation coefficient of .74 (.78) with the observations, along with positive Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency values. Notably, the decadal shift of EPDs around the 2000s was successfully replicated in both cross‐validation and hindcast results.
Exposure to radial extracorporeal shockwaves induces muscle regeneration after muscle injury in a surgical rat model
Authors: Langendorf Eva K. , Klein Anja , Drees Philipp , Rommens Pol M. , Mattyasovszky Stefan G. , Ritz Ulrike 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe leading cause of training interruption in sport is a muscle injury, for which the standard treatment is nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). To find alternative treatments, we investigated whether the radial extracorporeal shockwave application (rESWT) could stimulate muscle regeneration. A lesion with complete rupture (grade III muscle tear) was set in the musculus rectus femoris of 12‐week‐old Wistar rats, and the NSAID diclofenac, rESWT, or a combined therapy were applied on day 0, 3, and 5 directly following the surgery. Rats were euthanized at 2, 4, and 7 days after surgery and the area of muscle lesion was excised for histological and gene expression analysis to determine the progress in the healing of damaged fibers and tissue regeneration. The best effect on muscle regeneration was observed in the group treated with rESWT alone. Monotherapy by diclofenac showed a smaller but still positive effect and lowest effects were detected when both therapies were applied. rESWT alone demonstrated a significant upregulation of the muscle markers MyoD and myosin. The presence of myosin gene expression indicated newly formed muscle fibers, which was confirmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Seven days after injury the amount of mononucleated cell decreased and regenerating fibers could be detected. This effect is most pronounced in the group treated with rESWT alone. In our study, shockwaves demonstrated the best effect on muscle regeneration. Therefore, we recommend prospective clinical studies to analyze the effect of rESWT after sports trauma to improve muscle regeneration and to shorten the rehabilitation.
Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy regimen on survival outcomes in immunohistochemical subtypes of ampullary carcinoma
Authors: Al Abbas Amr I. , Falvello Virginia , Zenati Mazen , Mani Ashika , Hogg Melissa E. , Zeh Herbert J. , Singhi Aatur , Bahary Nathan , Zureikat Amer H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAmpullary adenocarcinoma (AA) is classified by immunohistochemical (IHC) subtypes into intestinal (IN), pancreatobiliary (PB), and ambiguous (AM). The impact of adjuvant therapy on IHC subtype and disease stage is unclear. We examined the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy regimen on survival of ampullary cancers by IHC subtype and disease stage.MethodsReview of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) performed for AA between 2005 and 2013 at a single center. The impact of regimen on IHC subtype and stage was analyzed.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐one patients were subtyped: IN = 32%, PB = 48%, and AM = 20% with overall survival of 45.6, 31.3, and 46.9 months, respectively. PB had higher pathologic T‐stage, positive lymph node disease, and perineural and lymphovascular invasion (P < .05). 5‐Fluorouracil (FU)–based adjuvant therapy improved survival compared to no treatment (87.4 vs 32.1 months; P = .046), and receipt of 5‐FU emerged as an independent predictor of improved survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.244; P = .031) regardless of subtype. 5‐FU was superior to Gemcitabine in advanced‐stage disease (stage IIB and III vs I+IIA, HR: 0.35; P < .05).ConclusionsAdjuvant therapy with 5‐FU confers a survival benefit in patients with advanced‐stage AA regardless of subtype. The impact of various chemotherapy regimens on subtypes of ampullary cancer warrants further investigation.
Magnetic detection of sentinel nodes in oral squamous cell carcinoma by means of superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast
Authors: Hernando Josué , Aguirre Pablo , Aguilar‐Salvatierra Antonio , Leizaola‐Cardesa Ignacio Osoitz , Bidaguren Ainhoa , Gómez‐Moreno Gerardo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim was to evaluate sentinel node detection capacity by means of a magnetic probe in 11 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma at stages T1‐T2 received submucosal injections of a superparamagnetic iron oxide contrast agent (SPIO). A magnetic probe was used for sentinel node biopsy. The use of SPIO and magnetic probes in the early stages of oral cancer may offer an alternative to conventional radioisotope techniques and/or elective neck dissection.
Gastronomy experiential traits and their effects on intentions for recommendation: A fuzzy set approach
Authors: Correia Antonia , Kim Seongseop (Sam) , Kozak Metin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLocal food is a motivation that drives international tourists to visit a certain destination and to enrich their experiential quality. Although considerable effort has been exerted in investigating the relationship between the importance of local food and satisfaction and future intentions, no study has explored gastronomical experience by using fuzzy set analysis. The present study aims to explore the influence of local food attributes on customer satisfaction and intentions to recommend through a fuzzy set analysis. This study uses empirical data from 1,376 international tourists visiting Hong Kong. Findings suggest that the attributes of local food and their influence on the intentions to recommend vary in accordance with the type of restaurants operating in Hong Kong. The results of this study shed practical implications, such as the development of different symbolic meanings of gastronomy and service for international diners at different restaurants.
Endoscopic Nasopharyngectomy Combined with a Nerve‐sparing Transpterygoid Approach
Authors: Geltzeiler Mathew , Turner Meghan , Rimmer Ryan , Zenonos George , Hebert Andrea , Snyderman Carl , Gardner Paul , Fernandez‐Miranda Juan , Wang Eric W. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives/HypothesisSurgical management of nasopharyngeal tumors has evolved in the endoscopic era. Lateral exposure remains difficult especially near the petrous internal carotid artery and bony Eustachian tube (ET). Our study examines the need to sacrifice the vidian and greater palatine nerves in order to successfully perform en bloc endoscopic nasopharyngectomy.MethodsFour cadaveric specimens (eight sides) were dissected bilaterally using a binarial, extended, endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA). Nasopharyngectomy was completed including an extended transptyergoid approach for resection of the cartilaginous ET at its junction with the bony ET. Dissection was attempted without sacrifice of the vidian or palatine nerves.ResultsSuccessful en bloc nasopharyngectomy combined with a nerve‐sparing transpterygoid approach was achieved in all specimens with successful preservation of the palatine and vidian nerves. The approach provided exposure of foramen lacerum, the petrous carotid, foramen spinosum, and foramen ovale as well as all segments of the cartilaginous Eustachian tube, Meckel's cave and the parapharyngeal carotid. There was no inadvertent exposure or injury of the internal carotid artery.ConclusionEndoscopic nasopharyngectomy combined with a nerve‐sparing transpterygoid approach allows for en bloc resection of the cartilaginous Eustachian tube and nasopharyngeal contents with broad skull base exposure and preservation of the internal carotid artery, vidian and palatine nerves.Level of EvidenceVI Laryngoscope, 130:2343–2348, 2020
The effect of duration metrics on consumer satisfaction
Authors: Dagogo‐Jack Sokiente W. , Beck Joshua T. , Kaju Alex 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConsumers increasingly feel that time is scarce. To guide time expectations, many marketers have begun communicating duration metrics—information about how long most consumers typically spend on a given activity. Despite the rising prevalence of duration metrics, little is known about how they shape consumption experiences. Five experiments and an analysis of digital engagement data from articles on a popular online publishing platform show that longer (vs. shorter) duration metrics enhance satisfaction and word‐of‐mouth after an activity is completed. Subjective time perceptions underlie these effects, such that longer duration metrics make consumers feel like they have spent more time on a given activity, and consumers infer their ex‐post satisfaction from the amount of time they feel they have invested. Thus, this research provides insight into how duration metrics operate and challenges the intuition that consumers prefer activities that demand less of their time.
Glial Cell Line–Derived Neurotrophic Factor Receptor Rearranged During Transfection Agonist Supports Dopamine Neurons In Vitro and Enhances Dopamine Release In Vivo
Authors: Mahato Arun Kumar , Kopra Jaakko , Renko Juho‐Matti , Visnapuu Tanel , Korhonen Ilari , Pulkkinen Nita , Bespalov Maxim M. , Domanskyi Andrii , Ronken Eric , Piepponen T. Petteri , Voutilainen Merja H. , Tuominen Raimo K. , Karelson Mati , Sidorova Yulia A. , Saarma Mart 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundMotor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are caused by degeneration and progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons. Currently, no cure for this disease is available. Existing drugs alleviate PD symptoms but fail to halt neurodegeneration. Glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is able to protect and repair dopamine neurons in vitro and in animal models of PD, but the clinical use of GDNF is complicated by its pharmacokinetic properties. The present study aimed to evaluate the neuronal effects of a blood‐brain‐barrier penetrating small molecule GDNF receptor Rearranged in Transfection agonist, BT13, in the dopamine system.MethodsWe characterized the ability of BT13 to activate RET in immortalized cells, to support the survival of cultured dopamine neurons, to protect cultured dopamine neurons against neurotoxin‐induced cell death, to activate intracellular signaling pathways both in vitro and in vivo, and to regulate dopamine release in the mouse striatum as well as BT13's distribution in the brain.ResultsBT13 potently activates RET and downstream signaling cascades such as Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase and AKT in immortalized cells. It supports the survival of cultured dopamine neurons from wild‐type but not from RET‐knockout mice. BT13 protects cultured dopamine neurons from 6‐Hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) and 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+)–induced cell death only if they express RET. In addition, BT13 is absorbed in the brain, activates intracellular signaling cascades in dopamine neurons both in vitro and in vivo, and also stimulates the release of dopamine in the mouse striatum.ConclusionThe GDNF receptor RET agonist BT13 demonstrates the potential for further development of novel disease‐modifying treatments against PD. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.