bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Certain interleukin polymorphisms might influence predisposition to lung cancer: A meta‐analysis of 35 published studies
Authors: Gao Juwei , Ying Yinyin , Wang Jue , Cui Yiyi , Zhang Weiping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInterleukin polymorphisms might influence predisposition to lung cancer (LC), but the results of already published studies regarding the relationship between interleukin polymorphisms and LC were still controversial and ambiguous. So the authors designed this meta‐analysis to more precisely estimate relationship between interleukin polymorphisms and LC by pooling the results of already published related studies. The authors searched Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI for already published studies. Thirty‐five already published studies were pooled and analyzed in this meta‐analysis. The pooled meta‐analyses results showed that distributions of IL‐4 rs2243250 polymorphism among patients and controls from Asian countries differed significantly (dominant comparison: OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.07–1.55; overdominant comparison: OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.73–0.95; allele comparison: OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.03–1.54), and distributions of IL‐10 rs1800872 polymorphism among patients and controls from Caucasian countries also differed significantly (recessive comparison: OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.35–0.83; overdominant comparison: OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.05.1.51). No genotypic distribution differences were observed for IL‐4 rs2070874, IL‐6 rs1800795, IL‐6 rs1800796, IL‐8 rs4073, IL‐10 rs1800871, and IL‐10 rs1800896 polymorphisms in pooled meta‐analyses. This meta‐analysis suggested that IL‐4 rs2243250 might influence predisposition to LC in Asians, whereas IL‐10 rs1800872 polymorphism might influence predisposition to LC in Caucasians.
Good, better, best? The effects of polarization on photobiomodulation therapy
Authors: Tripodi Nicholas , Feehan Jack , Husaric Maja , Kiatos Dimitrios , Sidiroglou Fotios , Fraser Sarah , Apostolopoulos Vasso 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhotobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a widely adopted form of phototherapy used to treat many chronic conditions that effect the population at large. The exact physiological mechanisms of PBMT remain unsolved; however, the prevailing theory centres on changes in mitochondrial function. There are many irradiation parameters to consider when investigating PBMT, one of which is the state of polarization. There is some evidence to show that polarization of red and near‐infrared light may promote different and/or increased biological activity when compared to otherwise identical non‐polarized light. These enhanced cellular effects may also be present when the polarized light is applied linear to the tissue direction. Herein, we synthesize the current experimental and clinical evidence pertaining to polarized photobiomodulation therapy; ultimately, to better inform future research into this area of phototherapy.
Red and White Blood Cell Counts Are Associated With Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue, Bone Mineral Density, and Bone Microarchitecture in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Polineni Sai , Resulaj Megi , Faje Alexander T , Meenaghan Erinne , Bredella Miriam A , Bouxsein Mary , Lee Hang , MacDougald Ormond A , Klibanski Anne , Fazeli Pouneh K 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) resides within the bone marrow microenvironment where its function remains poorly understood. BMAT is elevated in anorexia nervosa, a disease model of chronic starvation, despite depletion of other fat depots. In addition to BMAT, the marrow microenvironment also consists of osteoblast and hematopoietic progenitors. BMAT is inversely associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in multiple populations including women with anorexia nervosa, and regulates hematopoiesis in animal models. We hypothesized that BMAT would be associated with circulating populations of hematopoietic cells (red and white blood cells) in humans and performed a post hoc analysis of two studies—a cross-sectional study and a longitudinal study—to investigate this hypothesis. We studied 89 premenopausal women cross-sectionally (median age [interquartile range], 27 [24.5, 31.7] years), including 35 with anorexia nervosa. We investigated associations between red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts and BMAT assessed by 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, BMD assessed by DXA, and bone microarchitecture assessed by HR-pQCT. In addition, we analyzed longitudinal data in six premenopausal women with anorexia nervosa treated with transdermal estrogen for 6 months and measured changes in BMAT and blood cell counts during treatment. Cross-sectionally, BMAT was inversely associated with WBC and RBC counts. In contrast, BMD and parameters of bone microarchitecture were positively associated with WBC and RBC. In women with anorexia nervosa treated with transdermal estrogen for 6 months, decreases in BMAT were significantly associated with increases in both RBC and hematocrit (rho = −0.83, p = 0.04 for both). In conclusion, we show that BMAT is inversely associated with WBC and RBC in premenopausal women, and there is a potential association between longitudinal changes in BMAT and changes in RBC. These associations warrant further study and may provide further insight into the role and function of this understudied adipose depot. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Prospective Changes in the Distribution of Movement Behaviors Are Associated With Bone Health in the Elderly According to Variations in their Frailty Levels
Authors: Rodríguez-Gómez Irene , Mañas Asier , Losa-Reyna José , Rodríguez-Mañas Leocadio , Chastin Sebastien FM , Alegre Luis M , García-García Francisco J , Ara Ignacio 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Frailty is associated with poor bone health and osteoporosis, and physical activity (PA) is one of the best treatments for both pathologies in older adults. Nonetheless, because daily time is limited, how the time is distributed during the waking hours is critical. The waking hours are spent according to different movement behaviors: sedentary behaviors (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The aim of this study was to use compositional data analyses to examine the effects of the change in movement behaviors on bone health during aging in older people, related to the changes in their frailty levels. We analyzed 227 older people aged 65 to 94 (125 women and 102 men) over a 4-year period. Movement behaviors were assessed using accelerometry. Both bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were determined using bone densitometry. The Frailty Trait Scale was used to divide the sample by frailty level evolution during aging. The R statistical system was used for the compositional data analysis and, in addition, all models were adjusted for several covariates. The changes in the distribution of all movement behaviors within a waking hour period were significantly associated with spine and femoral neck BMD changes in the subgroup with a positive change in frailty level and spine BMC in the subgroup with no change in frailty level (p ≤ .05). Likewise, MVPA relative to the change in other movement behaviors was also associated in both subgroups with higher BMD and BMC, respectively, in the same body areas (p ≤ .05). No significant associations were found in the negative change in frailty level subgroup. Older people who achieved a positive change in frailty level during a 4-year period showed higher BMD changes compared to those with no changes or increases in their frailty level. Therefore, increasing MVPA relative to the change in the other movement behaviors during a 4-year period could perhaps produce bone health improvements in the elderly that do not worsen their frailty level. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
MicroRNA‐497/fibroblast growth factor‐23 axis, a predictive indictor for decreased major adverse cardiac and cerebral event risk in end‐stage renal disease patients who underwent continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Liu Dianjun , Zhou Silian , Mao Huihui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed at exploring the correlation of microRNA (miR)‐497/fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF‐23) axis with major adverse cardiac and cerebral event (MACCE) occurrence in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who underwent continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).MethodsTotally, 360 ESRD patients who underwent CAPD were enrolled. Their plasma samples were collected to detect miR‐497 expression by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and FGF‐23 level by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. All patients were followed up for 36 months, and the occurrence of MACCE during the follow‐up was documented.ResultsMiR‐497 expression negatively correlated with FGF‐23 level in ESRD patients who underwent CAPD (P < .001). The MACCE occurrence rate at 1, 2, and 3‐year was 5.6%, 11.9%, and 15.0%, respectively. Furthermore, miR‐497/FGF‐23 axis high level (P < .001) and miR‐497 high expression (P = .034) correlated with reduced accumulating MACCE occurrence, whereas FGF‐23 high level (P = .008) correlated with increased accumulating MACCE occurrence. Forward stepwise multivariate Cox's regression disclosed that miR‐497/FGF‐23 axis high level (P = .008) was an independent predictive factor for lower accumulating MACCE occurrence, whereas age (≥55 years) (P < .001), body mass index (≥21.7 kg/m2) (P = .006), peritoneal dialysis duration (≥61.0 months) (P < .001), C‐reactive protein (≥4.7 mg/L) (P = .001), serum uric acid (≥409.4 μmol/L) (P = .009), β‐fibrinogen (≥5.8 mmol/L) (P < .001), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (≥2.7 mmol/L) (P = .003) were independent factors for predicting higher accumulating MACCE occurrence.ConclusionMiR‐497/FGF‐23 axis holds clinical significance for predicting attenuated MACCE risk in ESRD patients who underwent CAPD.
Bayesian estimation and sensitivity analysis of toluene and trichloroethylene biodegradation kinetic parameters
Authors: Yu Feng , Munoz Breda , Bienkowski Paul R. , Sayler Gary S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParameter estimation is needed for process management, design, and reactor scaling when values from the literature vary tremendously or are unavailable. A Bayesian approach, implemented via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations using SAS software, was used to estimate the kinetic parameters of toluene and trichloroethylene (TCE) biodegradation by the microorganism Pseudomonas putida F1 in batch cultures. The prediction capabilities of Bayesian estimation were illustrated by comparing predicted and observed data and reported in goodness‐of‐fit statistics. The sensitivity analysis showed that the parameters obtained using this approach were consistent under the designated toluene and TCE concentration range. Moreover, the impact of TCE on toluene degradation kinetics was numerically exhibited, verifying the fact that TCE was able to stimulate toluene degradation; hence, TCE's presence increased the apparent maximum toluene‐specific rate. Various kinetic models were explored at different degrees of complexity. At a low TCE concentration range (e.g., <2 mg L−1), a simplified Michaelis–Menten model (i.e., substrate half‐saturation parameters approximated the inhibition parameters) was adequate to describe the reaction kinetics. However, at a higher TCE range (e.g., 5 mg L−1), a full‐scale Michaelis–Menten model was needed to discriminate among the inhibition parameters in the model. The results demonstrated that a Bayesian estimation method is particularly useful for determining complex bioreaction kinetic parameters in the presence of a small volume of experimental data.
Detection of enzyme‐triggered peptide self‐assembly via laser confocal Raman microscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy in cellular environment
Authors: Anwar Shahzad , Ovais Muhammad , Hassan Nouman , Aslam Sonia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVibrational spectroscopy of peptides and peptide‐based self‐assembled macromolecules plays key role in early stage detection of cancerous and viral diseases. We provide here a rapid and accurate trace detection system for enzyme‐triggered peptide self‐assembly by taking a snapshot of peptide nanostructures to identify specific domains based on amino acid vibrational bands. The enzyme‐triggered peptides present in both aqueous solution and human umbilical vein endothelial cells along with controlled cell lines were excited by a laser line of 543 nm, and intensities of Raman bands were recorded from 500 to 1,800 cm−1. The spectra consisted of several well‐resolved peaks located at 655, 1,081, and 1670 cm−1 for peptide and at 834, 851, 896, and 915 cm−1 for enzyme, indicating vibrational bands of their functional groups. Raman signatures at 768, 1,144, 1,297, 1,305, and 1,571 cm−1 appeared in case of self‐assembled peptides at new positions, indicating the presence of highly stable secondary structure of beta sheets. We studied here the 0.78 μg/ml limit of detection of peptide self‐assembly with this technique in aqueous solution. These self‐assembled nanomachines in cellular environment can be used to monitor and regulate the cellular processes for the diagnosis of biological diseases incorporated with our label‐free laser confocal Raman microscopy methodology.
Prospects for sustainability of pig production in relation to climate change and novel feed resources
Authors: Rauw Wendy M , Rydhmer Lotta , Kyriazakis Ilias , Øverland Margareth , Gilbert Hélène , Dekkers Jack CM , Hermesch Susanne , Bouquet Alban , Gómez Izquierdo Emilio , Louveau Isabelle , Gomez‐Raya Luis 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPig production systems provide multiple benefits to humans. However, the global increase in meat consumption has profound consequences for our earth. This perspective describes two alternative scenarios for improving the sustainability of future pig production systems. The first scenario is a high input–high output system based on sustainable intensification, maximizing animal protein production efficiency on a limited land surface at the same time as minimizing environmental impacts. The second scenario is a reduced input–reduced output system based on selecting animals that are more robust to climate change and are better adapted to transform low quality feed (local feeds, feedstuff co‐products, food waste) into meat. However, in contrast to the first scenario, the latter scenario results in reduced predicted yields, reduced production efficiency and possibly increased costs to the consumer. National evaluation of the availability of local feed and feedstuff co‐product alternatives, determination of limits to feed sourced from international markets, available land for crop and livestock production, desired production levels, and a willingness to politically enforce policies through subsidies and/or penalties are some of the considerations to combine these two scenarios. Given future novel sustainable alternatives to livestock animal protein, it may become reasonable to move towards an added general premium price on ‘protein from livestock animals’ to the benefit of promoting higher incomes to farmers at the same time as covering the extra costs of, politically enforced, welfare of livestock animals in sustainable production systems. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
The transcription factors regulating intervertebral disc development
Authors: Nakamichi Ryo , Asahara Hiroshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDamage to the intervertebral discs (IVDs) occurs due to aging or excessive mechanical stress, causing a series of IVD‐related degenerative diseases, such as spinal disc herniation and spondylosis. These IVD‐related diseases are difficult to cure, partially because the regeneration ability of IVDs is not sufficient. As a novel strategy for treatment of IVD‐related diseases, mesenchymal stem cell transplantation to the damaged discs has been reported in animal studies. To further develop and improve this approach, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the molecular network regulating IVD development by critical transcription factors. Recent findings reveal that during IVD development, nucleus pulposus and annuls fibrosus differentiation is coordinated by a series of transcription factors, such as Mkx, Pax1, 9, Shh, Foxa1, 2, T‐Brachyury, and Sox5, 6, 9. The combination of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation with the regulation of these molecules may provide a novel strategy for treatment of degenerative disc diseases.
The Safety and Efficacy of Transnasal Humidified Rapid‐Insufflation Ventilatory Exchange for Laryngologic Surgery
Authors: Nekhendzy Vladimir , Saxena Amit , Mittal Brita , Sun Eric , Sung Kwang , Dewan Karuna , Damrose Edward J. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesTransnasal humidified rapid‐insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) is an intraoperative ventilatory technique that allows avoidance of tracheal intubation (TI) or jet ventilation (JV) in selected laryngologic surgical cases. Unimpeded access to all parts of the glottis may improve surgical precision, decrease operative time, and potentially improve patient outcomes. The objective of this prospective, randomized, patient‐blinded, 2‐arm parallel pilot trial was to investigate the safety and efficacy of THRIVE use for adult patients undergoing nonlaser laryngologic surgery of short‐to‐intermediate duration.MethodsTwenty adult, American society of anesthesiology class 1‐3 patients with body mass index (BMI) < 35 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to either an experimental THRIVE group or active comparator conventional ventilation group (TI or supraglottic high‐frequency JV [SHFJV]). Primary outcomes included intraoperative oxygenation, anesthesia awakening/extubation time, time to laryngoscopic suspension, number of intraoperative suspension adjustments, and operative time. Secondary patient outcomes including postanesthesia and functional patient recovery were investigated.ResultsCompared to TI/SHFJV, THRIVE use was associated with significantly lower intraoperative oxygenation (SpO2 93.0 ± 5.6% vs. 98.7 ± 1.6%), shorter time to suspension (1.8 ± 1.1 minutes vs. 4.3 ± 2.1 minutes), fewer suspension adjustments (0.4 ± 0.5 vs. 1.7 ± 0.9), and lower postoperative pain scores on recovery room admission (1.3 ± 1.9 vs. 3.7 ± 2.9) and discharge (0.9 ± 1.3 vs. 2.7 ± 1.8). The study was underpowered to detect other possible outcome differences.ConclusionWe confirm the safe intraoperative oxygenation profile of THRIVE for selected patients undergoing nonlaser laryngologic surgery of short‐to‐intermediate duration. THRIVE facilitated surgical exposure and improved early patient recovery, suggesting a potential economic benefit for outpatient laryngologic procedures. The results of this exploratory study provide a framework for designing future adequately powered THRIVE trials.Trial RegisterClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03091179).Level of EvidenceII Laryngoscope, 2020
Unlocking the black‐box of inorganic carbon‐uptake and utilization strategies among coral endosymbionts (Symbiodiniaceae)
Authors: Ros Mickael , Camp Emma F. , Hughes David J. , Crosswell Joseph R. , Warner Mark E. , Leggat William P. , Suggett David J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDinoflagellates within the family Symbiodiniaceae are widespread and fuel metabolism of reef‐forming corals through photosynthesis. Adaptation in capacity to harvest and utilize light, and “safely” process photosynthetically generated energy is a key factor regulating their broad ecological success. However, whether such adaptive capacity similarly extends to how Symbiodiniaceae species and genotypes assimilate inorganic carbon (Ci) remains unexplored. We build on recent approaches exploring functional diversity of fitness traits to identify whether Ci uptake and incorporation could be reconciled with evolutionary adaptation among Symbiodiniaceae. We examined phylogenetically diverse Symbiodiniaceae cultures (23 isolates, 6 genera) to track how carbon was invested into cellular uptake, excretion, and growth (cell size, division, storage). Gross carbon uptake rates (GPC) over 1 h varied among isolates grown at 26°C (0.63–3.08 pg C [cell h]−1) with no evident pattern with algal phylogeny. Intriguingly, net carbon uptake rates (24 h) were often higher (1.01–5.54 pg C [cell h]−1) than corresponding values of GPC—we discuss how such GPC measurements may reflect highly conserved biological characteristics for cultured cells linked to high metabolic dependency on photorespiration and heterotrophy. Three isolates from different genera (Cladocopium goreaui, Durusdinium trenchii, and Effrenium voratum) were additionally grown at 20°C and 30°C. Here, Ci uptake consistently decreased with temperature‐driven declines in growth rate, suggesting environmental regulation outweighs phylogenetic organization of carbon assimilation capacity among Symbiodiniaceae. Together, these data demonstrate environmental regulation and ecological success among Symbiodiniaceae likely rests on plasticity of upstream photosynthetic processes (light harvesting, energy quenching, etc.) to overcome evolutionary‐conserved limitations in Ci functioning.
Antimicrobial and Wound Treatment Aspects of Micro‐ and Nanoformulations of Carboxymethyl, Dialdehyde, and TEMPO‐Oxidized Derivatives of Cellulose: Recent Advances
Authors: Alavi Mehran , Nokhodchi Ali 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe remedy for infected chronic wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers is more complicated particularly in the case of patients with an inefficient immune system. Also, fighting against microbial infections in the wound site by available antibiotics may not be effective because of emerging antibiotic resistance properties among pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Recently, applications of micro‐ and nanoformulations of biomaterials have demonstrated improved therapeutic abilities for wound dressings. In this way, carboxymethyl, dialdehyde, and 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine‐1‐oxyl‐oxidized celluloses are common biomaterials having outstanding physicochemical and therapeutic properties compared to unmodified cellulose. Therefore, in this review, recent progress in the field of wound healing and antimicrobial activities of these derivatives are presented and discussed.
Evaluation of 3D Printed Gelatin‐Based Scaffolds with Varying Pore Size for MSC‐Based Adipose Tissue Engineering
Authors: Tytgat Liesbeth , Kollert Matthias R. , Van Damme Lana , Thienpont Hugo , Ottevaere Heidi , Duda Georg N. , Geissler Sven , Dubruel Peter , Van Vlierberghe Sandra , Qazi Taimoor H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAdipose tissue engineering aims to provide solutions to patients who require tissue reconstruction following mastectomies or other soft tissue trauma. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) robustly differentiate into the adipogenic lineage and are attractive candidates for adipose tissue engineering. This work investigates whether pore size modulates adipogenic differentiation of MSCs toward identifying optimal scaffold pore size and whether pore size modulates spatial infiltration of adipogenically differentiated cells. To assess this, extrusion‐based 3D printing is used to fabricate photo‐crosslinkable gelatin‐based scaffolds with pore sizes in the range of 200–600 µm. The adipogenic differentiation of MSCs seeded onto these scaffolds is evaluated and robust lipid droplet formation is observed across all scaffold groups as early as after day 6 of culture. Expression of adipogenic genes on scaffolds increases significantly over time, compared to TCP controls. Furthermore, it is found that the spatial distribution of cells is dependent on the scaffold pore size, with larger pores leading to a more uniform spatial distribution of adipogenically differentiated cells. Overall, these data provide first insights into the role of scaffold pore size on MSC‐based adipogenic differentiation and contribute toward the rational design of biomaterials for adipose tissue engineering in 3D volumetric spaces.