bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production Logging Techniques Enable Appraising Emulsified Horizontal Boreholes Equipped with Inflow Control Devices
Authors: Ghanmi Ahmed , Bawazir Mustafa , Zaouali Zouhir 
Published: January 2020

The goals of reducing excess water production appear challenging. An inflow control device (ICD) is completion hardware that is included as a part of a downhole completion across the reservoir section and that helps in distributing the inflow evenly. Production logging after the installation of ICDs can be performed to determine the flow profile and understand the downhole productivity to help with future development, and calibration of reservoir model. However, evaluating fluid flow through these complex completions with the presence of emulsion could include uncertainties.
Two investigations were conducted in two emulsified horizontal wells that were ICD-completion oil producers. The presence of downhole emulsion during the operations was limiting the identification of the downhole flow rates of both oil and water. In the first example, three horizontal production logs (HPLs) were acquired before and after the ICD installation. The initial two acquisitions were to monitor and support the ICD completion design, respectively. Challenges encountered in the third horizontal production logging tool (HPLT), deployed by tractor, required evaluating the adaptive ICD performance and closing the ports that are producing water. To minimize chances of emulsion, flowing data were acquired at high, medium, and low choke settings. This was observed by electric-probe water detection and the separation of minispinners with well deviation at lower choke sizes. The other logging operation was an attempt to acquire an inflow profile along the length of 3,000 ft in the horizontal well. Due to the presence of emulsion, three-phase holdup and water-flow logs from the pulsed neutron logging tool (PNLT) were integrated with the production log to appraise the ICD performance and identify the water entry zones. Each of the investigation actions were interpreted independently before combining the data to conclude the results.
The presented production logging techniques solved challenges in horizontal wells. The solution focused on reducing the requirements for evaluating complex emulsified boreholes completed with ICDs, with the goals of restoring and maximizing production, saving the operator time and money for complex interventions, and getting the maximum return on investment.
Ayurveda Explorations on Consequences of Excessive physical activity (Ativayayama) and Dose of Physical activity
Authors: Vandana Verma  
Published: January 2020

Despite the well-established evidence of health benefits of moderate dose physical activity, there are evolving evidences which suggest that a high dose of long duration excessive physical activity may be associated with adverse health effects like dehydration, hyponatremia, exertional heat illness, musculoskeletal trauma, immune and hormonal deregulation, metabolic derangements, CV stress disorders, etc. However, ancient scholars of Ayurveda have well documented the harmful biological effects of excessive exercise (Ativyayama) and considered it under the category of etiological factors of several disorders. Various clinical conditions have been mentioned in which exercise is contraindicated or should be avoided. The harmful effect of excessive physical activity (Ativyayama) described by Ayurveda scholars are thirst (Trishna), altered taste perception, nausea (Aruchi), vomiting (Charddi), dizziness, exercise-related syncope (Bhrma), exertion (Shrma), cough (Kasa), dysponea (Svasha), injury in the chest (Ksata), weight loss (Kshaya), bleeding disorders (Raktapitta), cachexia (Sosha), exercise-induced heat injury, fever (Jvara), exertional dysponea in asthamatics (Pratamak svasha). Ayurveda scholars have described Physical activity (Vyayama ) in Daily routine (Dincharya), and advocated to performed daily in moderate-intensity only, to get the beneficial effects while the severe grade of exercise is contraindicated. It should be performed after considering the age, diet, season, psychosomatic constitution, psychological state, physiological state of females, disease state, treatment procedures, etc. There are very few recent scientific studies on type and dose of exercise in view of the above-mentioned factors by Ayurveda scholars as per the health state or particular type of disorders and its stage. So it is highly needed to appreciate the perspective of Ayurveda scholars in research, which will be helpful in exploration of a dose of physical activity in the form of mild, moderate and severe grade and its overall effect on health to ascertain that how much activity is needed to get the optimal health benefits.
Erditze ondorengo gernu-inkontinentzia ekidin edo tratatzeko zoru pelbikoko muskulaturaren entrenamenduaren eraginkortasuna: berrikuspen sistematikoa
Authors: Bidaurrazaga-Letona Iraia , Amundarain Olatz , Hormaetxe Ane , Duñabeitia Iratxe 
Published: January 2020

Gernu-inkontinentzia nahi gabeko edozein gernu-ihesek sortutako gaitza da. Batez ere emakumeek pairatzen dute eta zoru pelbikoko muskulaturaren disfuntzioaren ondorioz sortzen da, eragile nagusia erditze baginala izanik. Hiru inkontinentzia mota ezberdintzen dira, baina haurdunaldiarekin erlaziorik handiena duena esfortzuak eragindako gernu-inkontinentzia da. Gernu-inkontinentzia tratatzeko hainbat teknika sortu dira. Teknika horien artean ikertuena “Kegel” ariketak diren arren, desadostasuna dago teknika horren eraginkortasunaren inguruan. Hori dela eta, berrikuspen sistematiko honen xedea erditze ondorengo zoru pelbikoko muskulaturaren entrenamenduak, “Kegel” ariketak alegia, gernu-inkontinentzia ekidin edo tratatzeko duen eraginkortasuna aztertzea izan da. Hori lortzeko Pubmed eta PEDro datu-baseetan bilaketa sistematikoa egin zen barneratze- eta kanporatze-irizpideak kontuan izanda. PEDro eskalaren bitartez ikerketen kalitate metodologikoa balioztatu zen. Oro har, berrikuspenean 9 entsegu kliniko aztertu ziren. Ikerlan guztietan emakumeek zoru pelbikoko muskulaturaren entrenamendua egin zuten interbentzio-taldean, gehienetan zortzi astez, eta ebaluazioa interbentzioaren aurretik eta amaitu ondoren egin zitzaien. Orokorrean, fisioterapeutak gainbegiratutako eskola jasotzeaz gain, emakumeek etxean egin zituzten ariketak ia egunero. Hala ere, uzkurketen mota, serie eta errepikapenei dagokienez, protokoloak desberdinak izan ziren ikerketetan. Ikerlan gehienetan emakumeen % 10ek baino gutxiagok utzi zuten bertan behera tratamendua, erabilitako atxikidura-estrategiei esker. Halaber, errehabilitazioaren ostean, interbentzio-taldeetan gernu-inkontinentzia adierazgarriki gutxitu zen; gainera, emakume batzuen zoru pelbikoko muskulaturaren indar-, erresistentzia- eta uzkurketa-ahalmena ere adierazgarriki hobetu zen. Ondorioz, esan dezakegu zoru pelbikoko muskulaturaren entrenamendua eraginkorra dela gernu-inkontinentzia ekidin edo tratatzeko eta, era berean, bertako muskulatura indartzeko. Hala ere, ezin izan da entrenamenduaren protokolorik egokiena zein den zehaztu.
Teoria da Perda de uma Chance – Perspectiva de Uniformização no STJ Quando da Prestação Jurisdicional
Authors: Ramos Mariana Rezende , De Menezes Júnior Eumar Evangelista 
Published: January 2020

O escrito científico se propõe investigar a Teoria da Perda de uma Chance, fenômeno jurídico presente na prestação jurisdicional do Superior Tribunal de Justiça (STJ). Transcendendo às decisões de tribunais europeus chega-se à aparição da chance perdida como ato gerador de um quantum indenizatório de quarta classe, um produto jurisprudencial do STJ. Investigando o objeto no campo processual civil brasileiro o presente estudo confirma a aplicabilidade da Teoria e sua efetividade, mesmo não havendo códex regulatório e disciplinador. A pesquisa foi guiada por uma análise jurisprudencial (abordagem indutiva e procedimentos bibliográfico e documental – método fenomenológico-jurídico), que serviu à apresentação de um retrato no âmbito do STJ que torna possível a aplicação da Teoria no Brasil, estando alimentada uma perspectiva de uniformização da matéria pelo guardião das leis infraconstitucionais.
THE USE OF CLASSICAL AND MODERN METHODS IN RAPESEED (BRASSICA NAPUS) BREEDING AT VNIIMK
Authors: Gorlova L. A. , Bochkaryova E. B. , Strelnikov E. A. , Serdyuk V. V. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Rapeseed is a facultative autogamous plant; its percentage of cross-pollination is 10–50%, so rapeseed breeding engages the line and population breeding methods as well as the development of hybrids and all innovative research approaches.Material and methods. Among the main techniques used for the development of parent material and, eventually, cultivars at the Pustovoit Institute (VNIIMK) is the pedigree method (individual selection from intraspecific and interspecific hybrid populations, combined with inbreeding). Physical and chemical mutagenesis is also employed in rapeseed breeding at VNIIMK. The material with yellow-colored seed coat has been obtained by exposing rapeseed seeds to various doses of gamma rays (50, 100 and 150 kR). Seed treatment with chemical mutagens is primarily aimed at changing the fatty acid composition of oil.Results. Breeding achievements for winter and spring rapeseed, registered by VNIIMK in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation over the past 15 years, are highly productive line cultivars with a seed yield of 4–5 t/ha for winter rapeseed, and 2–3 t/ha for spring rapeseed. Promising experimental interline hybrids, significantly exceeding the reference in seed yield (by 1.61–2.26 t/ha), have been developed. Yellowseeded lines, which exceed the black-seeded reference cv. ‘Tavrion’ in seed yield by 0.08–0.15 t/ha, have been selected. We developed the material with an oleic acid level of 78.9– 80.5%.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOGRAPHIC STUDY OF BETANIN ACCUMULATION IN PROMISING RED BEET ACCESSIONS FROM THE VIR COLLECTION
Authors: Sokolova D. V. 
Published: January 2020

Background. Table beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a source of ‘betanin’, a natural food dye known as food additive E-162. The VIR collection holds a large diversity of red beet accessions. It is the base for obtaining source material to breed cultivars with high betanin content.Materials and methods. In the framework of this study, which lasted from 2015 to 2018, a group of 29 accessions identified during the screening was analyzed. The pigment was assessed at the laboratory of the ECO RESOURCE Joint-Stock Company using Spectrophotometer SF-2000. Field experiments were performed according to VIR’s guidelines in 2015–2017 at Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR, Volgograd Experiment Station of VIR, and Maikop Experiment Station of VIR.Results. Environmental and geographic tests demonstrated that the ability to accumulate the pigment was variable among the red beet accessions, and its concentrations were notably different. The research showed that accumulation of betanin is primarily associated with agroclimatic growing conditions. The dynamics of pigment accumulation can be both positive and negative. The optimal zone for growing the studied accession is Leningrad Province, where the highest content of betanin was observed. Mid-ripening and cold-resistant old landraces were a reference point in the search for the desired genotypes.Conclusion. The process of pigment accumulation is extremely responsive to weather conditions, soil water balance, and watering uniformity. The negative impact of these factors would smooth down the crop’s varietal polymorphism. Diseases and insect pests have led to slowing and stopping the accumulation of betanin. As a result of the comprehensive agroecological study of prototypes, promising accessions were identified and recommended for cultivation in Leningrad Province with the aim of betanin production.
Preliminary assessment of knee laxity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using bone patellar tendon bone and hamstring graft
Authors: Pandey Chakra Raj , Baral Rajiv , Dahal Sunit , Sharma Sushil , Bajracharya Aayush , Thapa Ram 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Laxity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is one of the troublesome problems lasting many years. Laxity can be tested by clinical and arthrometer preoperatively as well as postoperatively. The purpose of this study is to evaluate postoperative laxity in Nepalese population.
Materials & methods: This retrospective study was carried out in Grande International Hospital, Kathmandu. All cases which had completed six-months follow up and presented in outpatient department were included in the study. Laxity was tested by Karl Storz Arthrometer using anterior force in 20 degrees of knee flexion with maximum manual force by the same doctor. The statistical significance level was set at p=0.05. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 16.
Results: 21 cases operated via arthroscopic method were eligible for the study. Mean age was 28.3±10.44. There were 14 (66.7%) male 7 (33.3%) female. A total of eight cases of laxity (36.36%) were identified - six males (75%) and two females (25%). Hamstring grafts accounted for three cases of laxity (37.5%) while Bone Patellar Tendon Bone Graft (BPTB) accounted for five cases (62.5%). The mean follow-up was one and half years. Hamstring and bone patellar tendon bone graft were used in 6 (28.6%) and 15 (71.4%) cases respectively.
Conclusion: Previous studies have concluded that >3mm of laxity difference is associated with difficulties in vigorous activities. However, our patients were comfortable in their daily activities without significant clinical outcome.
Surgical outcome of intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumors - Our experience at a tertiary health care center
Authors: Joshi Gyanendra , Bijukachhe Binod , Khan Javed Ahmad 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: To report the treatment results of 19 patients who underwent excision of intradural extramedullary (IDEM) spinal tumors.
Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective study. Patients’ records were retrieved from the electronic database of Grande International Hospital. There were 19 IDEM spinal tumors excised over a period of 6 years between January 2013 and August 2019 by a single surgeon. There were 11 (57.9%) males and 8 (42.1%) females with an average age of 48.37±21.87 years (range, 5-79 years). The mean postoperative follow-up period was 12.87±14.88 months (range, 15 days - 60 months). The histopathological findings, locations of the tumors, and clinical results were analyzed. Neurological findings were evaluated using ASIA grading system and pain was evaluated using VAS score.
Results: Histopathologically the tumors were: 8 meningioma (42.1%), 4 schwannoma (21.1%), 4 neurofibroma (21.1%), 1 dermoid cyst (5.3%), 1 lipoma (5.3%), and 1 myxopapillary ependymoma (5.3%). Tumor locations were: dorsal in 10 (52.6%), lumbar in 5 (26.3%), lumbosacral in 2 (10.5%), dorsolumbar in 1 (5.3%), and cervical in 1 (5.3%) patient. Neurologic status of 7 patients was normal and 12 had neurologic involvement with 3 patients having Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) preoperatively. At the final follow-up, 3-grade, 2-grade and 1-grade improvement in ASIA score was observed in 1, 6 and 1 cases, respectively. There was no change in the ASIA grade in 1 case. All 3 cases of CES achieved full neural recovery. Preoperative VAS score was 9.21±1.08 and improved significantly to 0.74±1.62 after surgery. Neurological improvement was seen in 91.67% with complete recovery in 75% of the cases and not a single case deteriorated neurologically post-surgery.
Conclusion: Most intradural-extramedullary spinal cord tumors are mostly benign and good clinical results can be obtained when adequately treated with surgery.
Clinico-Pathological Correlation in the Classification of Leprosy
Authors: Poudel Anuj , Shah Anita , Khatiwada Sulochana , Samdurkar Ashok 
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION:- Leprosy is one of the major health problems in Nepal, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Histopathological examination is considered as important tool for proper classification of the disease. This study was carried out to study the histopathological features of leprosy in skin biopsies and classify based on microscopy, bacterial index to correlate with clinical presentations.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:- A retrospective observational study was done at Department of Pathology of Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) Bhairahawa for 2 years from 1st November 2015 to 31stOctober 2017 and total 68 cases were analysed. Cases in which histopathological diagnosis of leprosy was made or considered differential diagnosis were selected for study. Ridley and Jopling classification was used histologically to make diagnosis of leprosy. Copies of issued histopathology reports, that are preserved in the department routinely were used to obtain data pertaining to age, sex, clinical information and histopathological findings.
RESULTS:- This study included 68 patients diagnosed histologically as leprosy. Histopathological examination of the skin biopsies of 68 patients revealed that, the maximum histopathological cases 28 (41.17%) are BT followed by 15 cases (22.05%) of IL (15) and 9 (13.23%) of TT. Complete parity between clinical diagnosis and histopathology was observed in 55.88 % and disparity was seen in 44.12%.
CONCLUSION:- For proper classification of Leprosy, correlation of clinical and histopathological features along with bacterial index is more useful than considering any of the single parameter.
Critical Thinking in Nursing Education and Nursing practice
Authors: Kachapati Anuja , Ghimire Sulochana 
Published: January 2020

Critical thinking is an essential component to competent nursing practice. Although critical thinking has been widely studied among student nurses.
Nursing education consists of the theoretical and practical training provided to nurses with the purpose to prepare them for their duties as nursing care professionals.
Nurse educators are under pressure to show critical thinking as a program outcome. Many different strategies have been suggested for developing critical thinking among nursing students. It is easy to believe these strategies increase critical thinking, but not all have actually been measured for reliability or validity. Based on an exhaustive literature search, the author attempted to identify teaching strategies that are being used to increase critical thinking and how effective those strategies have been.
Cultura, peruanidad y Bicentenario
Authors: Arroyo Laguna Eduardo 
Published: January 2020

ResumenEste artículo diverge sobre la tendencia a considerar la peruanidad como caracterizada por la ociosidad de la gente, la poca creatividad, así como un trasfondo depresivo que consideramos es un enfoque criollo aristocratizante. En contraparte, este ensayo plantea que el peruano promedio es un personaje feliz, sumamente trabajador, muy creativo, fuerte físicamente, de amplias familias y espíritu patriarcal. La peruanidad se forja en la historia.Palabras clave: cultura, nación, personalidad peruana.
AbstractDiffering with the aristocratic and creole conception of peruanidad that depicts Peruvian people as idle, unimaginative and depressed, this paper states that an average Peruvian person is cheerful, hardworking, creative, physically strong, with large families and a patriarchal spirit. Either way, we build our Peruvian personality throughout history.Keywords: culture, nation, Peruvian personality.
EXPERIMENTAL SUBSTANTIATION OF CARBOXYTHETERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF PAIN SYNDROME
Authors: Kononenko A.V. , Drogovoz S. M. , Butko Ya. O. , Zupanets M. V. 
Published: January 2020

Almost every person can felt the pain syndrome; it has different mechanisms of formation, which must be taken into account when determining the principles of treatment. The causes of pain are inflammation, ischemia, hypoxia, oxidative stress, etc. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most common painkillers, but the problem of expected efficiency and their potential risks is not fully resolved despite their huge assortment. Therefore, the search for alternative effective and safer methods of anelgesia, one of which is carboxytherapy (treatment of CO2). Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an inalienable component of the metabolism and pacemaker of the respiratory processes. The objective of the work was to study the analgesic effect of carboxytherapy (subcutaneous injections of carbon dioxide). For this purpose, we used a combined model of hyperalgesia (with a central component): carrageenan inflammation in combination with a modification of the tail immersion test. The animals (40 rats) used in the experiment were divided into five groups: I – control pathology; II – rats receiving injections of diclofenac sodium comparator at a dose of 8 mg / kg; III – animals that were subcutaneously injected with CO2 into the hind paw at a dose of 0.5 ml; IV – animals that were injected with CO2 into the hind paw at a dose of 1 ml; V – rats that received 4 mg/kg of diclofenac in combination with subcutaneous injection of CO2 into the hind paw at a dose of 1 ml. In the experiment on rats was found that subcutaneous injections of carboxytherapy at a dose of 0.5 ml and 1 ml have analgesic properties (at the level of 18.9 and 31.1 %), but the most perspective method is the complex purpose of analgesics (diclofenac sodium at a dose of 4 mg/kg) and injection of carboxytherapy (at a dose of 1 ml), which helps to reduce the degree of analgesia by 38.7 %, which correlates with the action of diclofenac sodium (at a dose of 8 mg/kg). Thus, the inclusion of carboxytherapy in conventional therapies will enhance the analgesic effect of a traditional drug and improve the safety profile of the latter.
THE RESULT OF LAPAROSCOPIC AND LAPAROTOMIC TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH EXTERNAL GENITAL ENDOMETRIOSIS USING IMMUNE RESPONSE MODIFIER
Authors: Malanchuk L. M. , Krasnyanska L. O. , Kuchma Z. M. , Martynuik V. M. 
Published: January 2020

The objective of the work was to make a comparative analysis of the result of external genital endometriosis treatment with the use of traditional surgical intervention and hormone therapy together with the use of low-molecular-weight metabolic immune response modifier 5-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-1,4-dione of sodium salt. Materials and methods: the experimental part of the study was previously conducted on 50 female rats which consisted of studying the influence of the immune response modifier on the course of experimentally induced endometriosis in experimental animals, in particular on changes in the estrous cycle. Injection of the immune response modifier caused retrogression of endometrioid heterotopias and normalization of the estrous cycle in the animals. The comparative analysis of the results of external genital endometriosis treatment in 66 women was conducted on the basis of experimental research. 34 women, apart from surgical intervention and hormone therapy, were injected with the immune response modifier 5-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophthalazine-1,4-dione of sodium salt during the post surgical period. Cellular immunity, T- and B-lymphocytes, and equipment and instrumental methods, such as medical ultrasound of the organs of the lower pelvis and laparoscopy, were used to assess the results of treatment. As a result of the treatment with the use of the immune response modifier the indicators of cells immunity changed, pain severity decreased, menstrual function normalized, relapse frequency reduced, and the overall quality of life for patients improved. Socially significant effect of treatment of external genital endometriosis using metabolic immune response modifier is manifested in implementation of reproductive function ‒ elimination of infertility in 50 % of women during the first year of observation.