bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A national discussion of COVID-19 on Twitter
Authors: Diaz Marlon I , Lehmann Christoph U , Lam Philip W , Medford Richard J 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media became increasingly relied upon for health information in Canada. By analyzing georeferenced tweets using natural language processing, we aimed to understand regional discussions and concerns about school closures, masking, vaccines, and lockdowns during the pandemic's first two years. Methods: Using Twitter's application programming interface, we collected English-language tweets with keywords related to COVID-19 posted between January 1, 2020 and February 22, 2022 from Canadian users. Results: Out of all retained tweets, 2,851,951 (47.9%) were about vaccines, 1,344,008 (22.6%) about lockdowns, 1,011,909 (17%) about schooling, and 752,014 (12.6%) about masking. Tweets on schooling received the most engagement, with the highest rates of likes (17.3%), retweets (18.7%), replies (10%), and quotes (6.8%). The most common emotions expressed were trust, fear, and anticipation, with lockdown tweets showing greater fear and sadness. Overall, sentiment was negative, particularly regarding lockdowns in the Northwest Territories and Alberta. Discussion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Twitter became an essential tool for analyzing public sentiment regarding government actions. Users showed the most interest in vaccines, followed by lockdowns, schooling, and masking, with the highest engagement on schooling tweets. Our analysis of sentiment, emotion, and content revealed valuable insights into public beliefs about COVID-19 in Canada, highlighting regional differences and shifts in sentiment, particularly negative reactions to school closures as government recommendations evolved. Our study adds to the growing evidence supporting the use of natural language processing for real-time analysis of social media content to early identify public health concerns.
Intensive care unit–onset bloodstream infections represent a distinct category of hospital–onset infections: A multicentre, retrospective cohort study. Queensland Critical Care Network (QCCRN)
Authors: Tabah Alexis , Edwards Felicity , Ramanan Mahesh , White Kyle C , Shekar Kiran , McIlroy Philippa , Attokaran Antony , Senthuran Siva , McCullough James , Kumar Aashish , Luke Stephen , Bhadange Neeraj , Garrett Peter , Laupland Kevin B 
Published: December 2024

Background: The location of onset of bloodstream infections (BSIs) associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission may influence their clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Methods: A multicentre, retrospective cohort study was conducted in Queensland, Australia, and BSIs associated with ICU admission were identified and classified as community-onset, hospital-onset, or ICU-onset if first isolated within, after 48 hours but within 48 hours of ICU admission, or after 48 hours following ICU admission, respectively. Results: We included 3,540 episodes of ICU-associated BSI, with 1,693 classified as community-onset, 663 hospital-onset, and 1,184 ICU-onset. Compared with hospital-onset BSIs, patients with ICU-onset BSIs were younger, had fewer comorbidities, had lower APACHE II scores, and were more likely male. Patients with ICU-onset BSI were more likely to be surgical admissions and have a primary cardiovascular or neurological diagnosis. The distribution of infective agents varied significantly among community-, hospital-, and ICU-onset BSI groups. The all-cause 30-day case-fatality rates for first-episode community-onset, hospital-onset, and ICU-onset BSIs were 17.1%, 21.7%, and 23.5%, respectively ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: With different epidemiological features and causal pathogens, ICU-onset BSI represents a distinct BSI group arising in hospitalized patients.
Projects as an Iterative Pursuit
Authors: Rommel Carl 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines imaginaries of the social agency of the project form in contemporary Egypt. Drawing on long-term fieldwork with lower-middle class men in Cairo who contrive small-scale investment projects, it demonstrates how projects are envisioned to (1) create the world anew, (2) shape the ‘near future’ and (3) fashion platforms of relative stability amid unpredictability, hustling and making do. The article also illustrates how the project form's normative temporalities are often distorted, materialising in iterative sequences of never fully completed projects that nonetheless ‘make the world move’. In conclusion, I suggest that the same iterative temporality is recognisable in the Egyptian regime's current push for spectacular megaprojects, and that an imaginary of social and temporal agency undergirds the attraction to Egyptian projects across scales.

Résumé
Cet article examine les imaginaires de l'agentivité sociale liés à la forme de projet en Égypte contemporaine. En s'appuyant sur un travail de terrain à long terme avec des hommes de la petite classe moyenne au Caire qui mènent des projets d'investissement à petite échelle, nous montrons comment ces projets sont envisagés comme ayant trois objectifs : 1) créer le monde à nouveau, 2) façonner ‘l'avenir proche’, et 3) fabriquer des plateformes de la stabilité relative, malgré les conditions d'incertitude, les pratiques de l'arnaque, et débrouille. L'article montre aussi comment les temporalités normatives de la forme de projet sont souvent dénaturées, et se matérialisent en séquences itératives de projets qui ne sont jamais achevés mais qui, malgré tout, ‘faire bouger des choses’. En guise de conclusion, nous suggérons que la même temporalité itérative est reconnaissable dans la politique actuelle du régime égyptien de créer des mégaprojets spectaculaires, et un imaginaire de l'agentivité sociale et temporale est à la base de l'attraction aux projets égyptiens à toutes les échelles.
Minor Genealogies of Palestine
Authors: Roy Arpan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article investigates kinship responsibilities in a Palestine ravaged by war and conflict. It is centred around Françoise Héritier's observation that having a ‘fixed’ position in a set of possible siblings is an unchangeable condition of life. That is, no known kinship system allows an ego to move temporally from the birth order. I explore how perpetual conflict interferes with responsibilities that come with being born in a fixed kinship order. How does biopolitics interrupt or undo generational roles? What happens to the subject of biopolitical instability who is unable to fulfil kinship obligations? I explore these questions through cases of Palestinian Romani families from Gaza who since 2007 have been migrating to the West Bank – migrations that sometimes cause relatives to disappear and later reappear, effectively remaking kinship responsibilities. A ‘minor’ register of perpetual war and conflict that is often neglected in favour of narratives of trauma.

Résumé
Cet article examine les responsabilités de parenté en Palestine, un territoire dévasté par la guerre et le conflit. À la base de notre analyse est l'observation faite par Françoise Héritier que chaque membre d'un groupe de frères et sœurs possède une position stable qui ne change pas au cours de la vie. C'est-à-dire, il n'existe aucun système de parenté connu qui permet à quelqu'un de changer sa position dans l'ordre de naissance. Nous explorons comment le conflit perpétuel empiète sur les responsabilités générées par la naissance dans un ordre de parenté immuable. Les rôles générationnels sont-ils interrompus ou décomposés par la biopolitique ? Qu'est ce qui se passe à quelqu'un qui n'a plus la capacité de remplir les obligations de parenté ? Nous considérons ces questions au travers des études de cas sur des familles palestiniennes du peuple tsigane de Gaza qui, depuis 2007, ont essayé de migrer en Cisjordanie. Parfois, au cours de ces migrations, leurs proches disparaissent et puis reparaissent, ce qui entraine une renouvellement des responsabilités de parenté. L'article examine ce registre ‘mineur’ du conflit et de la guerre perpétuelle − un registre qui est souvent négligé parce que les narratives de traumatisme dominent.
Rethinking Beauvoir
Authors: Kirkpatrick Kate 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
I have been invited to respond to Rethinking Existentialism's engagement with the work of Simone de Beauvoir, and I do so in three parts. First, I introduce Webber's Beauvoir, moral theorist, and raise some textual and conceptual objections to his argument for a ‘categorical imperative for authenticity’ in Chapter 10. Second, I turn to historical and conceptual challenges to Webber's definition of existentialism, including meta-philosophical questions about his use of literature in general and Beauvoir's novel She Came to Stay in particular. Finally, I conclude with a trio of broad questions relating to what I will call the ‘missing materiality’ in Webber's Beauvoir: Where's the ambiguity? Where's the tragedy? Where's the tension?
Black Orpheus, Fanon and the Negritude Movement
Authors: Romdenh-Romluc Komarine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In Rethinking Existentialism, Jonathan Webber examines Fanon's engagement with the Negritude movement, focusing on his discussion in Black Skin, White Masks. A portion of Fanon's text discusses an interpretation of the movement advanced by Sartre in his essay ‘Black Orpheus’. Here, I raise some difficulties for what I will call Webber's ‘black agency’ reading of Fanon, before presenting an alternative. I argue that Fanon accepted certain important Negritude ideas, particularly Césaire's conception of a therapeutic method called the nekyia, and that this is crucial to understanding Fanon's response to Sartre.
Book Reviews
Authors: Betschart Alfred , van den Hoven Adrian , Fox Nik Farrell , Tripaldelli Luca 
Published: December 2024

Elizabeth A. Bowman and Robert V. Stone, Reading Sartre's Second Ethics: Morality, History, and Integral Humanity, ed. Matthew C. Ally (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2023), xxv +397 pp., $125.00 (hardback), ISBN: 9781793646514, $50.00 (EPUB), ISBN: 9781793646521
Catalano, Joseph, ed. An Abridged Edition of Jean-Paul Sartre's, The Family Idiot,: Gustave Flaubert, 1821-–1857, An Abridged Edition (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2023), 292 pp. ISBN: 13978-0-226-8232-x
Marcel Siegler, Needful Structures: The Dialectics of Action, Technology, and Society in Sartre's Later Philosophy (Bielefeld: Transcript, 2023), 209 pp., $37.56 (paperback), ISBN: 978-3-8376-6282-5
Jennifer Anna Gosetti-Ferencei, On Being and Becoming: An Existentialist Approach to Life (New York: Oxford University Press, 2021), $18.95 (hardback), ISBN: 978-0-19-091365-6
Peg Brand Weiser (ed.), Camus's The Plague: Philosophical Perspectives (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2023), 256 pp., £77.00 (hardback), ISBN: 978-0197599327, £16.99 (paperback), ISBN: 978-0197599334
Effectiveness of Simultaneous Combined Intervention for Enhancing Cognitive Function in Patients with Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ben Ayed Ines , Ammar Achraf , Aouichaoui Chirine , Naija Salma , Ben Amor Sana , Glenn Jordan M. , Chtourou Hamdi , Jahrami Haitham , Trabelsi Khaled , Trabelsi Yassine , El Massioui Farid 
Published: December 2024

Background: The evidence supporting the effectiveness of combined interventions in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients remains inconclusive. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mid- and long-term effectiveness of physical training, alone or combined with cognitive games, on cognitive performance in patients with moderate AD. Methods: Seventy-nine AD patients (≈73% females, age of ≈70±1 years) were randomly divided into three groups: aerobic-based training (AT-group, n = 27), aerobic-based training plus cognitive games (ACT-group, n = 25), and a control group engaged in reading (CG, n = 26), two sessions per week. Cognitive performance was evaluated at the start, 4th week (W4), end of the 8th week (W8), and after a 4-week detraining period (W12), using problem-solving (Tower-of-Hanoi), selective attention (Stroop-test), and working memory (Digit-Span-test) assessments. Stress levels and quality of life were also evaluated. Results: Aerobic and combined training induced a positive effect on all cognitive functions tested at W4 (except problem-solving) and W8 (all p < 0.001) with greater improvements in working-memory and problem-solving in ACT-group ( p < 0.05). Depression levels also decreased significantly, and quality of life improved at W8 ( p < 0.001) in both groups. After 4 weeks of detraining, the beneficial effect of AT and ACT was still observed. The CG did not show any significant improvements at all time points. Conclusions: Physical and cognitive interventions appear effective for improving cognitive-functions, quality-of-life, and reducing depression in AD patients. Combined training emerges as a more effective strategy to mitigate AD progression. Further research is necessary to validate these results and explore their potential for preventing early cognitive decline.
Study of amyloid-β peptide functional brain networks in AD, MCI and HC
Authors: Jiang Jiehui , Duan Huoqiang , Huang Zheming , Yu Zhihua , The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative  
Published: December 2024

Abstract One medical challenge in studying the amyloid- β (A β) peptide mechanism for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is exploring the law of beta toxic oligomers’ diffusion in human brains in vivo. One beneficial means of solving this problem is brain network analysis based on graph theory. In this study, the characteristics of A β functional brain networks of Healthy Control (HC), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and AD groups were compared by applying graph theoretical analyses to Carbon 11-labeled Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (11C PiB-PET) data. 120 groups of PiB-PET images from the ADNI database were analyzed. The results showed that the small-world property of MCI and AD were lost as compared to HC. Furthermore, the local clustering of networks was higher in both MCI and AD as compared to HC, whereas the path length was similar among the three groups. The results also showed that there could be four potential A β toxic oligomer seeds: Frontal_Sup_Medial_L, Parietal_Inf_L, Frontal_Med_Orb_R, and Parietal_Inf_R. These four seeds are corresponding to Regions of Interests referred by physicians to clinically diagnose AD.
Exploiting TFET-based technology for energy-efficient STT-MRAM cells
Authors: Pérez Santiago S. , Bedoya Alessandro , Prócel Luis Miguel , Taco Ramiro 
Published: December 2024

Spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory (STT-MRAM) has been demonstrated to be a leading candidate for on-chip memory technology. In this work, double-barrier magnetic tunnel junction (DMTJ) is exploited to define STT-MRAMs at the circuit-level (i.e. at the bitcell level). The DMTJ-based bitcells are built from tunnel-FET technology and benchmarked against a calibrated 10 nm-FinFET technology model. STT-MRAM bitcells operate in the ultra-low voltage domain, and are evaluated in terms of energy-efficiency and area. Simulation results points out that the tunnel-FET based solution is the most energy-efficient alternative, in terms of energy-delay-product (EDP), when evaluated at the 6σ corner. Quantitatively, when compared against the FinFET-based design, the TFET-based bitcell exhibits 58% lower EDP, 40% better delay and 34% reduced writing energy. Finally, a leakage analysis was also carried out, showing that TFET-based STT-MRAM bitcells have lower leakage current as compared to the FinFET-based counterpart.
Amphetamine fails to facilitate motor performance and to enhance	motor recovery among stroke patients with mild arm paresis: Interim analysis	and termination of a double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Platz T. , Kim I.-H. , Engel U. , Pinkowski C. , Eickhof C. , Kutzner M. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose. To assess the effects of d-amphetamine on motor facilitation and recovery in stroke patients with mild arm paresis receiving the Arm Ability training. Methods. Thirty-one stroke patients with mild arm paresis were randomly assigned to either (a.) receiving placebo or (b.) d-amphetamine twice a week 2 hours before Arm Ability training sessions for three weeks. Main outcome measure: time needed to perform TEMPA tasks, a measure of upper extremity performance reflecting everyday life tasks. Secondary measures: aimed movements, tapping, and a 10 m walkway as well as motor performance during training sessions. Results. The interim efficacy analysis of 26 stroke patients who completed the study intervention showed overall arm motor recovery both from pre to post test after 3 weeks of training and from pre test to follow-up 1 year later. No superior effect of d-amphetamine over placebo could be substantiated for either motor facilitation during training or motor recovery (post training or long-term). D-amphetamine exerted mild effects on blood pressure. Serious adverse events were not observed. Conclusions. d-Amphetamine failed to facilitate motor performance during training sessions, to promote skill acquisition with training tasks, and most importantly to enhance motor recovery among patients with mild arm paresis after stroke.
Training the "less-affected" forelimb after unilateral cortical	infarcts interferes with functional recovery of the impaired forelimb in	rats
Authors: Allred R.P. , Maldonado M.A. , Hsu and J.E. , Jones T.A. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Unilateral lesions of the sensorimotor cortex (SMC) in adult rats cause major behavioral changes in the ipsilesional, "less-affected" forelimb. An increase in function and reliance on this forelimb can aid compensation for contralesional impairments, but may also promote disuse and reduced functionality of the impaired forelimb. We hypothesized that training focused on the ipsilesional forelimb following a unilateral SMC lesion would reduce the efficacy of later motor rehabilitative training of the impaired forelimb. Methods: Rats with ischemic SMC lesions were trained on a skilled reaching task with the ipsilesional forelimb (PriorT) or received control procedures (Cont) for 10 days. Both groups were then trained with the impaired forelimb on the same reaching task for 10 days. Results: In comparison with Cont, PriorT rats had little improvement on the reaching task with the impaired forelimb and had a more enduring disuse of the impaired forelimb for postural support behaviors. Lesion sizes were similar between groups. Conclusions: Behavioral experience with the less-affected forelimb early after unilateral SMC lesions has the potential to increase disuse and dysfunction of the impaired forelimb, consistent with a training-induced exacerbation of learned non-use. These findings are suggestive of competitive processes in experience-dependent neural restructuring after brain damage.
Erythropoietin enhances neurological recovery after experimental	spinal cord injury
Authors: Boran Burak O. , Colak Ahmet , Kutlay Murat 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Erythropoietin is a hematopoietic growth factor. It is also involved in neurodevelopment and neuroprotection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of erythropoietin in enhancing the neurological recovery following experimental spinal cord injury. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group 1 received only laminectomy. Group 2, 3, and 4 have undergone a spinal contusion injury of 50 gr/cm. Group 2 received no medication. Group 3 received 30 mg/kg methylprednisolone. Group 4 received 5000 IU/kg recombinant human erythropoietin. Following injury, neurological recovery was evaluated for 14 days, using a swimming test. Results: At day 1, there was no difference between mean motor scores of group 2, 3, and 4. Following day 1, rats in group 4 exhibited a marked improvement in motor score, and this was maintained throughout the study. When compared to group 2, mean motor score of group 4 was significantly higher at day 4, 7, 10, and 14. When compared to group 3, mean motor score of group 4 was significantly higher at day 7, 10, and 14. Conclusion: These findings suggest that erythropoietin enhances neurological recovery following spinal cord injury and it seems to be more effective than methylprednisolone at the given doses.
Alterations in conduction characteristics of crushed peripheral	nerves
Authors: Mert Tufan , Gunay Ismail , Polat Sait 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Nerve crush injury results in the incapability to maintain conduction of an impulse. Disruption in the myelin sheath causes very important changes in the activities of ion channels. Therefore, crushed and intact sciatic nerves were researched with both histological and electrophysiological methods in this study. Methods: Electron and light microscopy for histological examinations, a sucrose-gap recording techniques for electrophysiological examinations were used. 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and Tetraethylammonium (TEA) were used to functional separation of the fast and slow K $^+$ channels. Results: The number of damaged myelinated nerve fiber was counted as 750 ± 3.5. Lamellar separation and disruption in myelin sheath was frequently observed in these fibers. Conduction velocity of crushed nerves (19 ± 2 m/s) was half of the intact nerves. The relationship between equally spaced interstimulus interval and their responses demonstrated that 4-AP and 4-AP plus TEA have more pronounced effects on crushed nerves than on intact nerves. After 4-AP, TEA application caused an efficiently depolarization in the membrane potential. Conclusions: The effects of 4-AP and 4-AP plus TEA suggest the involvement of slow and fast K $^+$ channels and slow Na $^+$ currents in membrane potential and action potential repolarization. Minimal myelin damage may significantly influence the subsequent impulse generation and the patterning of action potential activity.
ρ-NeRF: Leveraging Attenuation Priors in Neural Radiance Field for 3D Computed Tomography Reconstruction
Authors: Zhou Li , Yu Hengyong 
Published: December 2024

This paper introduces \(\rho\)-NeRF, a self-supervised approach that sets a new standard in novel view synthesis (NVS) and computed tomography (CT) reconstruction by modeling a continuous volumetric radiance field enriched with physics-based attenuation priors. The \(\rho\)-NeRF represents a three-dimensional (3D) volume through a fully-connected neural network that takes a single continuous four-dimensional (4D) coordinate—spatial location \((x,y,z)\) and an initialized attenuation value \((\rho)\)—and outputs the attenuation coefficient at that position. By querying these 4D coordinates along X-ray paths, the classic forward projection technique is applied to integrate attenuation data across the 3D space. By matching and refining pre-initialized attenuation values derived from traditional reconstruction algorithms like Feldkamp-Davis-Kress algorithm (FDK) or conjugate gradient least squares (CGLS), the enriched schema delivers superior fidelity in both projection synthesis and image reconstruction, with negligible extra computational overhead. The paper details the optimization of \(\rho\)-NeRF for accurate NVS and high-quality CT reconstruction from a limited number of projections, setting a new standard for sparse-view CT applications.