bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoplethysmography based atrial fibrillation detection: a review
Authors: Pereira Tania , Tran Nate , Gadhoumi Kais , Pelter Michele M. , Do Duc H. , Lee Randall J. , Colorado Rene , Meisel Karl , Hu Xiao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a cardiac rhythm disorder associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It is the leading risk factor for cardioembolic stroke and its early detection is crucial in both primary and secondary stroke prevention. Continuous monitoring of cardiac rhythm is today possible thanks to consumer-grade wearable devices, enabling transformative diagnostic and patient management tools. Such monitoring is possible using low-cost easy-to-implement optical sensors that today equip the majority of wearables. These sensors record blood volume variations—a technology known as photoplethysmography (PPG)—from which the heart rate and other physiological parameters can be extracted to inform about user activity, fitness, sleep, and health. Recently, new wearable devices were introduced as being capable of AF detection, evidenced by large prospective trials in some cases. Such devices would allow for early screening of AF and initiation of therapy to prevent stroke. This review is a summary of a body of work on AF detection using PPG. A thorough account of the signal processing, machine learning, and deep learning approaches used in these studies is presented, followed by a discussion of their limitations and challenges towards clinical applications.
Structure and dynamics of the E. coli chemotaxis core signaling complex by cryo-electron tomography and molecular simulations
Authors: Cassidy C. Keith , Himes Benjamin A. , Sun Dapeng , Ma Jun , Zhao Gongpu , Parkinson John S. , Stansfeld Phillip J. , Luthey-Schulten Zaida , Zhang Peijun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTo enable the processing of chemical gradients, chemotactic bacteria possess large arrays of transmembrane chemoreceptors, the histidine kinase CheA, and the adaptor protein CheW, organized as coupled core-signaling units (CSU). Despite decades of study, important questions surrounding the molecular mechanisms of sensory signal transduction remain unresolved, owing especially to the lack of a high-resolution CSU structure. Here, we use cryo-electron tomography and sub-tomogram averaging to determine a structure of the Escherichia coli CSU at sub-nanometer resolution. Based on our experimental data, we use molecular simulations to construct an atomistic model of the CSU, enabling a detailed characterization of CheA conformational dynamics in its native structural context. We identify multiple, distinct conformations of the critical P4 domain as well as asymmetries in the localization of the P3 bundle, offering several novel insights into the CheA signaling mechanism.
Anti-Zeno quantum advantage in fast-driven heat machines
Authors: Mukherjee Victor , Kofman Abraham G. , Kurizki Gershon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDeveloping quantum machines which can outperform their classical counterparts, thereby achieving quantum supremacy or quantum advantage, is a major aim of the current research on quantum thermodynamics and quantum technologies. Here, we show that a fast-modulated cyclic quantum heat machine operating in the non-Markovian regime can lead to significant heat current and power boosts induced by the anti-Zeno effect. Such boosts signify a quantum advantage over almost all heat machines proposed thus far that operate in the conventional Markovian regime, where the quantumness of the system-bath interaction plays no role. The present effect owes its origin to the time-energy uncertainty relation in quantum mechanics, which may result in enhanced system-bath energy exchange for modulation periods shorter than the bath correlation-time.
Mechanisms and consequences of protein cysteine oxidation: the role of the initial short-lived intermediates
Authors: Turell Lucia , Zeida Ari , Trujillo Madia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThiol groups in protein cysteine (Cys) residues can undergo one- and two-electron oxidation reactions leading to the formation of thiyl radicals or sulfenic acids, respectively. In this mini-review we summarize the mechanisms and kinetics of the formation of these species by biologically relevant oxidants. Most of the latter react with the deprotonated form of the thiol. Since the pKa of the thiols in protein cysteines are usually close to physiological pH, the thermodynamics and the kinetics of their oxidation in vivo are affected by the acidity of the thiol. Moreover, the protein microenvironment has pronounced effects on cysteine residue reactivity, which in the case of the oxidation mediated by hydroperoxides, is known to confer specificity to particular protein cysteines. Despite their elusive nature, both thiyl radicals and sulfenic acids are involved in the catalytic mechanism of several enzymes and in the redox regulation of protein function and/or signaling pathways. They are usually short-lived species that undergo further reactions that converge in the formation of different stable products, resulting in several post-translational modifications of the protein. Some of these can be reversed through the action of specific cellular reduction systems. Others damage the proteins irreversibly, and can make them more prone to aggregation or degradation.
Double boost‐flyback converter
Authors: Cardoso Vanderlei , Brockveld Junior Sergio Luis , Lazzarin Telles B. , Waltrich Gierri 
Published: January 2020

A high‐gain step‐up non‐isolated dc–dc converter is proposed in this study, named the double boost‐flyback converter. The topology combines two conventional boost‐flyback converters with input‐parallel and floating‐output connections. The new topology increases the static gain and reduces the input current ripple in relation to the conventional boost‐flyback topology. The proposed converter has the potential to be used in low input voltage applications that require a high gain, such as systems powered by photovoltaic panels, fuel cells, electric vehicles, and low voltage batteries. This study provides details on the principle of operation, static gain, control strategy, design guide and experimental verification. A 1 kW prototype was designed and built for an input voltage of 48 V and an output voltage of 800 V, reaching a static gain of 16.67. The maximum efficiencies obtained were 94.6% at 70% of load and 93.9% at rated load.
Underwater acoustic positioning with a single beacon and a varied baseline for a multi‐jointed AUV in the deep ocean
Authors: Liu Zubin , Yang Tao , Xu Wentao , Yu Jianan , McFarland Donald Michael , Lu Huancai 
Published: January 2020

The multi‐jointed autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) has higher manoeuvrability and a smaller turning radius in comparison with an AUV with a rigid body. It is able to implement spatially denser sample collection in three‐dimensional space in the deep ocean for scientific expeditions. As conventional positioning approaches, such as ultra‐short‐baseline and long‐baseline, cannot be employed to obtain the coordinates of a multi‐jointed AUV, because they only work with constant baselines, a novel underwater acoustic positioning system with a single beacon and a varied baseline is proposed. The coordinate transformation based on the angles of rotating joints and the geometry of the multi‐jointed AUV is mathematically modelled. Generalised cross‐correlation is applied to measure the time delays of sound signals between the beacon and the hydrophones on the AUV. Numerical simulations and experiments in an anechoic water tank were carried out, and the impacts of parameters on the accuracy of the estimated coordinates of the multi‐jointed AUV are examined. Accuracies of 0.86% in simulation and 0.2 m (at a range of 30 m) in experiments are demonstrated.
Satire as a genre
Authors: Bertuccelli Papi Marcella 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMany scholars have claimed that satire is a genre. At the same time, however, it is also widely acknowledged that satire has changed over the centuries, that it has taken various forms and that it still appears in a variety of other genres. Far from being a drawback in identifying satire as a genre, I will claim that variability is a natural property of genres if the latter are conceived of as dynamic cognitive categories that emerge out of a complex interplay of heterogeneous factors which cluster differently under the effect of different contextual and cotextual attractors. I will assume that, in satire, these factors include a range of linguistic and rhetorical devices which interact in different ways to dynamically bring about specifically intended effects. I will further claim that understanding satire is a context-sensitive complex process which implies setting up and maintaining multiple mental representations, and drawing pragmatic inferences.
Argumentation as a dimension of discourse
Authors: Labinaz Paolo , Sbisà Marina 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to explore the status of argumentative discourse. We argue that argumentation can contribute to instances of different discourse genres, regardless of whether it is functional to their purposes. By analyzing examples from the daily press in the light of an approach to discourse analysis inspired by pragmatics, we show that also texts that are not expected to be argumentative have underlying argumentative structures and that a text’s being argumentative is a matter of degree: the understanding of underlying argumentative structures contributes to a varying extent to the understanding of what a text as a whole means and of its point in the speech situation. This role of argumentative structures in text understanding suggests considering argumentation as a cognitively-based dimension of discourse, connected to human rationality.
Report on the APMP.PR-S6 : 2012-2013 supplementary comparison of spectral radiance from 250 nm to 2500 nm
Authors: Shin Dong-Joo , Park Seongchong , Lee Dong-Hoon , Caihong Dai , Zhifeng Wu , Yanfei Wang , Khlevnoy Boris , Solodilov Maxim , Kolesnikova Svetlana 
Published: January 2020

Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), National Institute of Metrology (NIM), and All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements (VNIIOFI)
started an international comparison on the spectral radiance over the spectral region from 250
nm to 2500 nm in 2012 and completed all measurements in 2016. The aim of this comparison was to assess the equivalence of the spectral radiance scales between the three laboratories.
This comparison was carried out according to the technical protocol listed in the KCDB under
the identifier APMP.PR-S6. The difference from the reference value (RV) and its uncertainty of each participant of this comparison were calculated by using the relative difference model recommended by the Guidelines for CCPR Comparison Report Preparation. A method (ratio method) to calculate the difference from the RV and its uncertainty was proposed to eliminate the pilot effects involved in the relative difference model. In the ratio method, spectral radiance ratios to the pilot and geometric means were used to calculate the difference from the RV and its uncertainty of each participant. Results of this comparison analyzed using the ratio method showed that differences from the RV of all participants were within their uncertainties (k = 2) except a few wavelengths for each participant.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCPR, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Relations between single and repeated qubit gates: coherent error amplification for high-fidelity quantum-gate tomography
Authors: Vitanov Nikolay V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In quantum computation the target fidelity of the qubit gates is very high, with the admissible error being in the range from 10−3 to 10−4 and even less, depending on the protocol. The direct experimental determination of such a tiny error is very challenging by standard quantum-process tomography. Instead, the method of randomized benchmarking, which uses a random sequence of Clifford gates, has become a standard tool for determination of the average gate error as the decay constant in the exponentially decaying fidelity. In this paper, the task for determining a tiny error is addressed by sequentially repeating the same gate multiple times, which leads to the coherent amplification of the error, until it reaches large enough values to be measured reliably. If the transition probability is p = 1 − ϵ with ϵ ≪ 1 in the single process, then classical intuition dictates that the probability after N passes should be

P

N

≈
1
−
N
ϵ

. However, this classical expectation is misleading because it neglects interference effects. This paper presents a rigorous theoretical analysis based on the SU(2) symmetry of the qubit propagator, resulting in explicit analytic relations that link the N-pass propagator to the single-pass one in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. In particular, the relations suggest that in some special cases the N-pass transition probability degrades as

P

N

=
1
−

N

2

ϵ

, i.e. dramatically faster than the classical probability estimate. In the general case, however, the relation between the single-pass and N-pass propagators is much more involved. Recipes are proposed for unambiguous determination of the gate errors in the general case for both Clifford and non-Clifford gates.
The metastable Q 3Δ2 state of ThO: a new resource for the ACME electron EDM search
Authors: Wu X , Han Z , Chow J , Ang D G , Meisenhelder C , Panda C D , West E P , Gabrielse G , Doyle J M , DeMille D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The best upper limit for the electron electric dipole moment was recently set by the ACME collaboration. This experiment measures an electron spin-precession in a cold beam of ThO molecules in their metastable

H

(

3

Δ

1

)

state. Improvement in the statistical and systematic uncertainties is possible with more efficient use of molecules from the source and better magnetometry in the experiment, respectively. Here, we report measurements of several relevant properties of the long-lived

Q

(

3

Δ

2

)

state of ThO, and show that this state is a very useful resource for both these purposes. The Q state lifetime is long enough that its decay during the time of flight in the ACME beam experiment is negligible. The large electric dipole moment measured for the Q state, giving rise to a large linear Stark shift, is ideal for an electrostatic lens that increases the fraction of molecules detected downstream. The measured magnetic moment of the Q state is also large enough to be used as a sensitive co-magnetometer in ACME. Finally, we show that the Q state has a large transition dipole moment to the

C

(

1

Π

1

)

state, which allows for efficient population transfer between the ground state

X

(

1

Σ

+

)

and the Q state via

X
−
C
−
Q

Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP). We demonstrate 90 % STIRAP transfer efficiency. In the course of these measurements, we also determine the magnetic moment of C state, the

X
→
C

transition dipole moment, and branching ratios of decays from the C state.
Diverse estimates of annual maxima daily precipitation in 22 state-of-the-art quasi-global land observation datasets
Authors: Bador Margot , Alexander Lisa V , Contractor Steefan , Roca Remy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Observational evidence of precipitation extremes is vital to better understand how these events might change in a future warmer climate. Over the terrestrial regions of a quasi-global domain, we assess the representation of annual maxima of daily precipitation (Rx1day) in 22 observational products gridded at 1° × 1° resolution and clustered into four categories: station-based in situ, satellite observations with or without a correction to rain gauges, and reanalyses (5, 8, 4 and 5 datasets, respectively). We also evaluate the interproduct spread across the ensemble and within the four clusters, as a measure of observational uncertainty. We find that reanalyses present a heterogeneous representation of Rx1day in particular over the tropics, and their interproduct spread is the highest compared to any other cluster. Extreme precipitation in satellite data broadly compares well with in situ-based data. We find a general better agreement with in situ-based observations and less interproduct spread for the satellite products with a correction to rain gauges compared to the uncorrected products. Given the level of uncertainties associated with the estimation of Rx1day in the observations, none of the datasets can be thought of as the best estimate. Our recommendation is to avoid using reanalyses as observational evidence and to consider in situ and satellite data (the corrected version preferably) in an ensemble of products for a better estimation of precipitation extremes and their observational uncertainties. Based on this we choose a subsample of 10 datasets to reduce the interproduct spread in both the representation of Rx1day and its timing throughout the year, compared to all 22 datasets. We emphasize that the recommendations and selection of datasets given here may not be relevant for different precipitation indices, and other grid resolutions and time scales.
Early adaptation to heat waves and future reduction of air-conditioning energy use in Paris
Authors: Viguié Vincent , Lemonsu Aude , Hallegatte Stéphane , Beaulant Anne-Lise , Marchadier Colette , Masson Valéry , Pigeon Grégoire , Salagnac Jean-Luc 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Some actions intended to adapt to climate change may do more harm than good, especially when they consume energy, making it more difficult to shift to decarbonized energy, or when, in meeting the needs of one group of people, they increase the vulnerability of others. Heat wave risk provides a typical example: air conditioning (AC) equipment may trigger large energy consumption and worsen outdoor heat stress. Alternative adaptation strategies exist, but it is not clear whether they can prevent the massive use of AC. Here, with an interdisciplinary modeling platform, taking Paris as a case study, we provide a first quantified analysis of the efficiency of adaptation strategies (large scale urban greening, building insulation policy, and generalized behavioral changes in AC use) in reducing future potential AC need. We find that even ambitious strategies do not appear sufficient to totally replace AC and ensure thermal comfort, under a median climate change scenario. They can, however, reduce AC energy use by half during heat waves and compensate for the heat released to the outdoor environment. Our results show that adaptation actions, implemented early, may play a key role if we are to remain on a low-carbon pathway.
The stoichiometry of soil microbial biomass determines metabolic quotient of nitrogen mineralization
Authors: Li Zhaolei , Zeng Zhaoqi , Tian Dashuan , Wang Jinsong , Fu Zheng , Wang Bingxue , Tang Ze , Chen Weinan , Chen Han Y H , Wang Changhui , Yi Chuixiang , Niu Shuli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Soil nitrogen (N) mineralization is crucial for the sustainability of available soil N and hence ecosystem productivity and functioning. Metabolic quotient of N mineralization (Q
min), which is defined as net soil N mineralization per unit of soil microbial biomass N, reflects the efficiency of soil N mineralization. However, it is far from clear how soil Q
min changes and what are the controlling factors at the global scale. We compiled 871 observations of soil Q
min from 79 published articles across terrestrial ecosystems (croplands, forests, grasslands, and wetlands) to elucidate the global variation of soil Q
min and its predictors. Soil Q
min decreased from the equator to two poles, which was significant in the North Hemisphere. Soil Q
min correlated negatively with soil pH, total soil N, the ratio of soil carbon (C) to N, and soil microbial biomass C, and positively with mean annual temperature and C:N ratio of soil microbial biomass at a global scale. Soil microbial biomass, climate, and soil physical and chemical properties in combination accounted for 41% of the total variations of global soil Q
min. Among those predictors, C:N ratio of soil microbial biomass was the most important factor contributing to the variations of soil Q
min (the standardized coefficient = 0.39) within or across ecosystem types. This study emphasizes the critical role of microbial stoichiometry in soil N cycling, and suggests the necessity of incorporating soil Q
min into Earth system models to better predict N cycling under environmental change.
Participatory mapping: Assessing problems and defined marine conservation planning and zoning in Jor Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Al Amin M A , Adrianto L , Kusumastanto T , Imran Z , Kurniawan F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Jor Bay Lombok is a marine protected area (MPA) which is initiated by local communities, which have a local-driven marine management regulation called Awiq-awiq. Unfortunately, the fisheries condition has continued to decline in the past decades, where the rate of exploitation of capture fisheries in Jor Bay shows an unbalanced condition because the harvest value is still higher than the recruitments and growth. Awiq-awiq regulates all existing utilization and protection of marine resources, but yet, has not included spatial aspects, leaving a situation that leads to unsustainability for fisheries resources and other resources. Balanced zoning of ecosystems and marine resources is needed in order to ensure the sustainability of the fisheries system in Jor Bay. This paper aims to illustrate how a marine spatial planning approach in a local MPA can be built with a community-based zoning system. The integration of local systems and formal-government systems is very effective and fast in the development of MPA zoning systems by considering the optimum allocation of the existence of ecosystems that guarantee the natural metabolic processes of the fisheries system in the Bay. The implementation of the MPA zoning system is expected to be able to support the guarantee of sustainable fisheries production for the surrounding region.
Revealed Comparative Advantage of selected ASEAN countries’ crustacean export to Japan
Authors: Lee S M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper examines the factors that influence the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) of selected Association of Southeast Asian (ASEAN) countries’ crustacean export to Japan, with particular interest in the effect of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND). AHPND was reported in China before spreading spread to Viet Nam, Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines. The data used in this study is for the period of 2010-2016 involving six ASEAN countries Japanese crustacean import partners (Viet Nam, Indonesia, Thailand, Myanmar, the Philippines and Malaysia). The dataset is a balanced panel dataset for the selected six countries in seven years, estimated using random-effect model. The findings show that AHPND and exchange rate of selected ASEAN exporters to Japan are significant towards the bilateral RCA of crustacean to Japan. Meanwhile, income per capita in Japan and domestic production of crustacean in Japan were not significant towards the bilateral RCA. It is suggested that ASEAN exporters continue to increase effort to address AHPND so that export to their major market (Japan) will not be affected. Future studies may explore more countries affected by AHPND RCA and exports, not limited to ASEAN countries only, but to more major crustacean importing countries (for example, United States, Japan, China, Spain and France which imports more than USD1 billion of crustacean in 2017 and collectively imports more than 60%) of crustaceans globally.