bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between the predatorXylocoris sordidusandBacillus thuringiensisbioinsecticides
Authors: dos Santos Nathália A. , Ramalho Dagmara G. , Marques Hortência M. , Godoy Joana D.S. , De Bortoli Caroline P. , de Magalhães Gustavo O. , Vacari Alessandra Marieli , De Bortoli Sergio A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractXylocorisspecies (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) are known to occur in various habitats and attack a diversity of agriculturally important prey. Other groups of organisms, such as strains ofBacillus thuringiensisBerliner (Bt) bacteria, also have been extensively studied and applied as biological control agents. The use of theseBt‐bioinsecticides in association with predators may be a good strategy in integrated pest management. This work had the objective to study predator behaviour, predatory capacity, and functional response of fifth‐instar nymphs ofXylocoris sordidus(Reuter) to eggs ofPlutella xylostella(L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) andCorcyra cephalonica(Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) treated with one of three commercialBt‐bioinsecticides. The predator presented a type II functional response to untreatedP. xylostellaeggs (control) and to eggs treated with Agree, whereas the response was type III toP. xylostellaeggs treated with Xentari and Dipel. However, on a diet ofC. cephalonicaeggs the predator displayed a type II response curve on eggs treated with each of the three bioinsecticides, and a type III response on untreated eggs. Bioinsecticides based onB. thuringiensismay be used in association withX. sordiduspredators to control lepidopterous pest species.
Detection and characterization of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum infecting Eucalyptus sp. in Brazil
Authors: Freitas Rodrigo G. , Hermenegildo Pollyane S. , Guimarães Lúcio M. S. , Zauza Edival A. V. , Badel Jorge L. , Alfenas Acelino C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRalstonia solanacearum sensu lato causes bacterial wilt in many agronomic crops and tree species economically important worldwide. It is a species complex that has been divided into phylotypes and sequevars, commonly related to geographic distribution. Knowledge of the phylotype composition and genetic variability in populations of this phytopathogenic bacterium is useful for implementing effective control measures. In a survey conducted in 2019, six bacterial strains were obtained from wilted Eucalyptus urophylla trees in plantations located in the municipality of Dom Eliseu, Pará state, Brazil. Multiplex PCR based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) indicated that the bacterial strains belonged to two different species, namely R. pseudosolanacearum (phylotype I) and R. solanacearum (phylotype II). In a phylogenetic analysis, the nucleotide sequence of the endoglucanase (egl) gene from eucalypt strains of phylotype I clustered together with sequevar 18 sequences from GenBank. Separation of the strains into two different species was confirmed by repetitive element palindromic PCR (rep‐PCR). Pathogenicity tests demonstrated that the R. solanacearum and R. pseudosolanacearum strains recovered from E. urophylla cause disease in both tomato and eucalypt plants. Until now, only R. solanacearum (Phylotype II) has been reported causing wilt symptoms on Eucalyptus spp. in Brazil. Therefore, the presence of R. pseudosolanacearum and a need for better understanding of its genetic and aggressiveness variability as well as possible differences between the two species should be considered in breeding programmes aimed at the deployment of host resistance.
Drug‐induced vitiligo: a case/non‐case study in Vigibase®, the WHO pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Anthony Norah , Bourneau‐martin Delphine , Ghamrawi Sarah , Lagarce Laurence , Babin Marina , Briet Marie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVitiligo is a common depigmenting disorder ensuing the loss of epidermal melanocytes. It is a multifactorial disease with immunological, genetic and environmental factors including drug exposure. The purpose of the study was to investigate the drugs and therapeutic subclasses associated with vitiligo occurrence reported in VigiBase®, the WHO pharmacovigilance database. A case/non‐case study was carried out by defining cases as vitiligo reports and non‐cases as all other reports. The reporting odds ratio (ROR) was calculated for the ‘suspected’ drugs and drug classes according to ATC level 4. During the study period, 741 cases of vitiligo were registered. Mean age was 49 ± 20 years. The disproportionality analysis showed an association between vitiligo and pembrolizumab (ROR 116.9, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 94.8, 144.3), nivolumab (ROR 22.6, 95% CI 15.8, 32.4), ipilimumab (ROR 41.7, 95% CI 25.0, 69.7), imiquimod (ROR 152.8, 95% CI 103.0, 226.7), adalimumab (ROR 3.8, 95% CI 2.5,5.8), infliximab (ROR 2.6, 95% CI 1.65, 4.01), alemtuzumab (ROR 27.8, 95% CI 17.6, 43.9), and ustekinumab (ROR 9.3, 95% CI 5.6, 15.6). Concerning the pharmacological classes ATC level 4, a significant association was found with monoclonal antibodies, interferons, selective immunosuppressants, TNF‐alpha inhibitors, interleukin inhibitors, and topical antivirals. This study confirmed the expected associations between vitiligo and immune checkpoint inhibitors and strengthened the emerging signal about the association between vitiligo and imiquimod, TNF‐alpha inhibitors and interferons. New signals were shown with selective immunosuppressants including alemtuzumab and interleukin inhibitors.
Migraine and Ischemic Stroke in Women. A Narrative Review
Authors: Tietjen Gretchen E. , Maly Emily F. 
Published: April 2020

Objective/BackgroundMigraine is associated with ischemic stroke. Women are 3‐fold as likely as men to have migraine, and high estrogen states increase the risk of migraine with aura (MWA), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and of stroke. We review the epidemiological and mechanistic evidence of the migraine‐stroke relationship and its risk factors, with a focus on women and conditions that exclusively or predominantly affect them. MethodsWe performed a search of MEDLINE/PubMed database, then a narrative review of the epidemiological evidence of the migraine‐stroke relationship as well as the evidence for arterial, thrombophilic, and cardiac mechanisms to explain this connection. We examine the implications of this evidence for the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of MWA.ResultsMWA is associated with multiple stroke risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking, atrial fibrillation, and patent foramen ovale. In women, MWA is also associated with biomarkers of endothelial activation, hormonal contraceptive use, pregnancy, and VTE. This suggests that a subset of auras may be secondary, that is, induced by ischemia related to microemboli or in situ thrombosis. MWA‐associated ischemic stroke is more common in young (<45 years old) women with high frequency of migraine attacks, hormonal contraception use, and with pregnancy and preeclampsia. There is increasing evidence that cardioembolism, often in conjunction with thrombophilia, plays a prominent role in MWA‐associated cerebral infarction.ConclusionThe commonality of factors associated with MWA and with MWA‐associated stroke suggest that persons with secondary, ischemia‐induced aura may be at elevated risk of stroke. Although further research is needed, we recommend consideration of a diagnostic evaluation of MWA that mirrors the evaluation of transient ischemic attack, given that prophylactic treatment targeting the ischemic origin of secondary aura may prevent migraine as well as stroke.
The regulation effects of anger rumination on different foci of anger
Authors: Ding Xinfang , Qian Mingyi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that anger rumination plays a critical role in increasing anger. The present study examined whether these effects were different with respect to different foci of anger. In Study 1, 96 participants were asked to ruminate about their shame‐related or shame‐unrelated anger experiences either in an analytical or an experiential way after recalling an autobiographical anger memory. In Study 2, either shame‐related or shame‐unrelated anger was evoked in participants (n = 176) by an accomplice, and then the participants were instructed to ruminate in one of the following ways: self‐distanced analytical, self‐distanced experiential, self‐immersed analytical, and self‐immersed experiential rumination. Study 1 showed significant interaction effects between the foci of anger and the mode of processing. Study 2 showed significant three‐way interaction effects among the foci of anger, the mode of processing and the vantage perspective of rumination. Specifically, the results indicated that self‐immersed analytical rumination was more useful than the other types of rumination in reducing shame‐unrelated anger, while no difference was found regarding shame‐related anger. These findings indicated that the effects of anger rumination are different regarding the foci of anger.
Periodontitis and airflow limitation in older Swedish individuals
Authors: Winning Lewis , Polyzois Ioannis , Sanmartin Berglund Johan , Renvert Stefan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate whether there was an association between periodontitis and airflow limitation in older Swedish individuals.Materials and MethodsStudy individuals were randomly selected from the Swedish civil registration database representing the ageing population in Karlskrona, Sweden. Clinical and radiographic examinations were performed, alongside which participants completed questionnaires gathering information on their medical history, social circumstances, demographic background and tobacco use. A physical examination assessed anthropometric measures. Standard spirometry was performed to identify subjects with airflow limitation. Periodontitis was defined based on radiographic periodontal bone loss. Analysis included multiple logistic regression with adjustment for various confounders.ResultsA total of 826 Caucasian dentate subjects were included in the analysis. The median age of participants was 73.2 (IQR 66–81) years, and 443 (54.6%) subjects were female. Eighty‐six (10.4%) individuals presented with airflow limitation. The proportion of participants presenting with periodontitis in the airflow limitation group was 65.1% compared to 41.5% with normal respiratory function (p < .001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that periodontitis was independently associated with airflow limitation with an odds ratio of 2.31 (95% CI 1.27–4.22) p < .01.ConclusionIn this group of older dentate individuals, periodontitis was significantly associated with airflow limitation independent of other known risk factors.
Efficacy and safety of direct acting antiviral regimens for hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus co‐infection: systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Zheng Yi‐Xiang , Ma Shu‐Juan , Xiong Ying‐hui , Fan Xue‐Gong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and AimVarious all‐oral direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) regimens are being widely used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) co‐infected patients; however, the comparative efficacy and safety of different types and combinations of DAAs are not completely clear. There is still a lack of integration of evidence for optimized therapies for HIV/HCV co‐infection.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search in several databases up to January 1, 2020. All the studies that reported the sustained virologic response (SVR) and adverse events of DAAs in HIV/HCV co‐infected patients were included. The Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo method was used for the pooled estimates of network meta‐analysis.ResultsWe identified 33 eligible articles with 7 combinations of all‐oral DAAs for the analyses of efficacy and safety. Grazoprevir–elbasvir ± ribavirin (GZR/EBR ± RBV: 95.6%; 95% CrI, 91.7–98.1%), ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir ± ribavirin (3D ± RBV: 95.3%; 95% CrI, 93.4–96.9%), sofosbuvir–ledipasvir ± ribavirin (SOF/LDV ± RBV: 95.2%; 95% CrI, 93.7–96.6%), and sofosbuvir–daclatasvir ± ribavirin (SOF/DCV ± RBV: 94.8%; 95% CrI, 92.5–96.6%) were the most effective combinations for HIV/HCV co‐infected patients, with SVR rates of approximately 94% and above while severe adverse events were rare. However, the SVR rates of sofosbuvir–ribavirin (SOF/RBV) and sofosbuvir–simeprevir ± ribavirin (SOF/SMV ± RBV) both failed to reach 90%, and the incidences of adverse events were higher than 5%.ConclusionsEfficacy and safety of all‐oral DAAs were in prospect for HIV/HCV co‐infection patients. GZR/EBR ± RBV was the optimal combination recommended for HIV/HCV co‐infected patients based on the excellent treatment effects and insignificant adverse events.
Serial serologic changes of hepatitis D virus in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving nucleos(t)ides analogues therapy
Authors: Jang Tyng‐Yuan , Wei Yu‐Ju , Hsu Cheng‐Ting , Hsu Po‐Yao , Liu Ta‐Wei , Lin Yi‐Hung , Liang Po‐Cheng , Hsieh Meng‐Hsuan , Ko Yu‐Min , Tsai Yi‐Shan , Chen Kuan‐Yu , Lin Ching‐Chih , Tsai Pei‐Chien , Wang Shu‐Chi , Huang Ching‐I , Yeh Ming‐Lun , Lin Zu‐Yau , Chen Shinn‐Cherng , Chuang Wan‐Long , Huang Jee‐Fu , Dai Chia‐Yen , Huang Chung‐Feng , Yu Ming‐Lung 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe serial serologic changes of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection among chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients who received oral nucleotide/nucleoside analogues are elusive.MethodsSerum anti‐HDV and HDV RNA among chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients were tested at the time of initiating anti‐HBV therapy and subsequently during the follow‐up period.ResultsThe seropositive rate of anti‐HDV and HDV RNA among 2850 CHB patients, was 2.7% and 0.9%, respectively. Factors associated with anti‐HDV seropositivity were platelet counts (odds ratio [OR]/95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.995/0.992–0.999; P = 0.006), HBV DNA levels (OR/CI: 0.81/0.70–0.94; P = 0.005), and hepatitis B e‐antigen (HBeAg) seropositivity (OR/CI: 0.22/0.05–0.95; P = 0.04). The only factor associated with HDV RNA positivity among anti‐HDV seropositive patients was age (OR/CI: 0.95/0.90–1.00; P = 0.03). The spontaneous clearance rate of serum anti‐HDV antibody was 3.0 per 100 person‐years with a median follow‐up period of 3.5 years (range 2–12 years), whereas the seroclearance rate of HDV RNA was 4.3 per 100 person‐years among anti‐HDV seropositive patients after a median follow‐up period of 6.0 years (range 2–11 years). A baseline anti‐HDV titer < 0.5 cut‐off index was the only factor predictive of anti‐HDV seroclearance (hazard ratio [HR]/CI: 30.11/3.73–242.85; P = 0.001).ConclusionsHDV infection was not common among patients treated for HBV in Taiwan. Seroclearance of anti‐HDV and HDV RNA did occur over time, albeit the chance is rare.
A contribution to the ontology of the Fundamentals of Care framework from a wonder‐based approach
Authors: Hansen Finn Thorbjørn , Jørgensen Lene Bastrup 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAim and objectivesTo critically discuss the ontological framework of Fundamentals of Care (FoC), as developed by Uhrenfeldt, et al. (2018), Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27, 3197–3204; to suggest theoretical improvements by taking a wonder‐based approach; and to show how this approach can be applied in healthcare sectors.BackgroundBased on a critical discussion of a discursive study on the ontology of FoC, studies in phenomenology of wonder and two action research projects involving “Wonder Labs,” this article discusses whether the ontology and reflective practices behind FoC can be qualified further by an existential phenomenology of wonder and with practices of “Wonder Labs.”DesignThis is a discursive study critically discussing Uhrenfeldt et al.'s primary focus on dyadic and relational openness and person‐oriented attentiveness in a nurse–patient relationship. This is done by unfolding the phenomenology of wonder and wonder experiences at a hospice and a hospital, and by critically examining the psychologically influenced interpretation of Heidegger.ConclusionThe first attempts by Uhrenfeldt et al. to identify the philosophical roots and ontology of FoC by pointing to existential phenomenology and philosophy are acknowledged. However, in this article, we further elaborate this attempt by focusing on the phenomenology of wonder. We show that Heidegger speaking about “existential homecoming” referred to a philosophical practice focusing on the resonance with being, rather than on interpersonal and psychological relations. In conclusion, the article recognises the importance of integrating these two approaches described on the one hand as a person‐oriented and lifeworld‐led approach, and on the other hand as a being‐ and phenomenon‐oriented approach to the nurse–patient relationship.Relevance to clinical practiceTo be open to the “musicality” of the being dimension, as the core values of FoC, a wonder‐based approach to value clarifications and phenomenological dialogues is pivotal for the presence of openness, trust and attentiveness of the nurse–patient relationship. The practices of the “Wonder Lab” may be an approach for training nurses in hearing the call of this “ontological resonance.”
Tuberculosis and ovarian malignancy: Sometimes mimics, sometimes coexists
Authors: Saini Arunima , Yadav Garima , Gothwal Meenakshi , Singh Pratibha , Kathuria Priyanka , Elhence Poonam 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTuberculosis is a disease prevalent all over the world with India contributing to a larger share. Pulmonary tuberculosis presents with generalized symptoms of malaise, low grade fever and cough. On the other hand, genital tuberculosis presents with a variety of symptoms in each age group and is often underdiagnosed and missed. In an unmarried female, the usual presentations are menstrual complaints or presence of a solid cystic mass and ascites. In reproductive age group, patients may present with primary or secondary infertility or rarely with tubo‐ovarian masses with peritoneal deposits, omental thickening and lymph node enlargement, hence mimicking ovarian carcinoma. In postmenopausal females, it can present as postmenopausal bleeding, leucorrhea or pyometra giving suspicion of endometrial carcinoma. We hereby report two cases operated with provisional diagnosis of ovarian malignancy but final histopathology ruled out malignancy in first and confirmed coexistence of malignancy and tuberculosis in another.
Pyoluteorin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human triple-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231
Authors: Ding Ting , Yang Luo-Jie , Zhang Wei-Dong , Shen Yun-Heng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To screen the cytotoxic activity of six secondary metabolites isolated from soil fungus Aspergillus niger. Importantly, to investigate the mechanism that pyoluteorin induced human triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells apoptosis in vitro.

Methods
The cell viability assay was tested with CTG assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production assay were tested with flow cytometry. Additionally, intracellular ROS production assay and mitochondrial membrane potential assay were determined with laser scanning confocal microscopy. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was determined with Western blot.

Key findings
Pyoluteorin displayed significantly selective cytotoxicity against human triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 = 0.97 µm) with low toxicity against human breast epithelial cell MCF-10A. It was found that pyoluteorin could arrest MDA-MB-231 cells cycle at G2/M phase and induce cell apoptosis. Further experiments demonstrated that the apoptosis-inducing effect of pyoluteorin was related to reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, accumulation of ROS and change of apoptosis-related protein expressions.

Conclusion
Our studies revealed that pyoluteorin had potent proliferation inhibition against MDA-MB-231 cells through arresting cell cycle at G2/M phase and inducing caspase-3-dependent apoptosis by mitochondrial pathway, implying that pyoluteorin may be a potential lead compound for drug discovery of human triple-negative breast cancer.
Understanding the dynamics of forest understorey: Combination of monitoring and legacy data reveals patterns across temporal scales
Authors: Hédl Radim , Chudomelová Markéta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsThe dynamics of plant communities varies across temporal scales. A correct understanding of temporal patterns is crucial for the interpretation of monitoring outputs. Focusing on the understorey community of an ancient coppice at three temporal scales, our aims were to: (a) assess the link between year‐to‐year variations and a decadal successional change; (b) estimate how seasonal cyclical dynamics could interfere with the changes at interannual and decadal scales; and (c) account for the effects of coppicing restoration.LocationMt Děvín, S Moravia, Czech Republic.MethodsComposition of a temperate forest understorey was monitored in 26 permanent plots on a year‐to‐year basis for a decade (2008–2018) and monthly (2015–2016). Adjacent semi‐permanent plots (23 in total) were resurveyed in 1953–2003. The three scales of temporal variation were statistically analyzed and compared looking at the vascular plant diversity (species richness) and compositional turnover (dissimilarity measures and patterns in multivariate space).ResultsEach of the three temporal scales captures specific patterns in herbaceous understorey species richness and turnover. The interannual variation shows fluctuations rather than trends and is lower than the magnitude of changes on a decadal scale. However, canopy thinning was responsible for rapid changes compatible with the long‐term trend of biodiversity decline following the abandonment of coppicing decades ago. The seasonal dynamics showed a distinct cyclical development typical of temperate forests. It exceeded the magnitude of interannual changes, pointing at the potentially significant source of error from the timing of data collection.ConclusionsComparison of the monitoring and legacy data revealed complex patterns in the forest understorey dynamics. Contrary to general assumptions, the short‐term dynamics of forest understorey can be significant. It is recommended that monitoring designs consider not only permanent plots but also resurveys of semi‐permanent plots. Considering more than one temporal scale will improve our understanding of the plant community dynamics.
Multiple chromosomal inversions contribute to adaptive divergence of a dune sunflower ecotype
Authors: Huang Kaichi , Andrew Rose L. , Owens Gregory L. , Ostevik Kate L. , Rieseberg Loren H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBoth models and case studies suggest that chromosomal inversions can facilitate adaptation and speciation in the presence of gene flow by suppressing recombination between locally adapted alleles. Until recently, however, it has been laborious and time‐consuming to identify and genotype inversions in natural populations. Here we apply RAD sequencing data and newly developed population genomic approaches to identify putative inversions that differentiate a sand dune ecotype of the prairie sunflower (Helianthus petiolaris) from populations found on the adjacent sand sheet. We detected seven large genomic regions that exhibit a different population structure than the rest of the genome and that vary in frequency between dune and nondune populations. These regions also show high linkage disequilibrium and high heterozygosity between, but not within, arrangements, consistent with the behaviour of large inversions, an inference subsequently validated in part by comparative genetic mapping. Genome–environment association analyses show that key environmental variables, including vegetation cover and soil nitrogen, are significantly associated with inversions. The inversions colocate with previously described “islands of differentiation,” and appear to play an important role in adaptive divergence and incipient speciation within H. petiolaris.