bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memory‐Efficient Bijective Parameterizations of Very‐Large‐Scale Models
Authors: Ye Chunyang , Su Jian‐Ping , Liu Ligang , Fu Xiao‐Ming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs high‐precision 3D scanners become more and more widespread, it is easy to obtain very‐large‐scale meshes containing at least millions of vertices. However, processing these very‐large‐scale meshes is still a very challenging task due to memory limitations. This paper focuses on a fundamental geometric processing task, i.e., bijective parameterization construction. To this end, we present a spline‐enhanced method to compute bijective and low distortion parameterizations for very‐large‐scale disk topology meshes. Instead of computing descent directions using the mesh vertices as variables, we estimate descent directions for each vertex by optimizing a proxy energy defined in spline spaces. Since the spline functions contain a small set of control points, it significantly decreases memory requirement. Besides, a divide‐and‐conquer method is proposed to obtain bijective initializations, and a submesh‐based optimization strategy is developed to reduce distortion further. The capability and feasibility of our method are demonstrated over various complex models. Compared to the existing methods for bijective parameterizations of very‐large‐scale meshes, our method exhibits better scalability and requires much less memory.
Fast Out‐of‐Core Octree Generation for Massive Point Clouds
Authors: Schütz Markus , Ohrhallinger Stefan , Wimmer Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe propose an efficient out‐of‐core octree generation method for arbitrarily large point clouds. It utilizes a hierarchical counting sort to quickly split the point cloud into small chunks, which are then processed in parallel. Levels of detail are generated by subsampling the full data set bottom up using one of multiple exchangeable sampling strategies. We introduce a fast hierarchical approximate blue‐noise strategy and compare it to a uniform random sampling strategy. The throughput, including out‐of‐core access to disk, generating the octree, and writing the final result to disk, is about an order of magnitude faster than the state of the art, and reaches up to around 6 million points per second for the blue‐noise approach and up to around 9 million points per second for the uniform random approach on modern SSDs.
Procedural Physically based BRDF for Real‐Time Rendering of Glints
Authors: Chermain X. , Sauvage B. , Dischler J.‐M. , Dachsbacher C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhysically based rendering of glittering surfaces is a challenging problem in computer graphics. Several methods have proposed off‐line solutions, but none is dedicated to high‐performance graphics. In this work, we propose a novel physically based BRDF for real‐time rendering of glints. Our model can reproduce the appearance of sparkling materials (rocks, rough plastics, glitter fabrics, etc.). Compared to the previous real‐time method [ZK16], which is not physically based, our BRDF uses normalized NDFs and converges to the standard microfacet BRDF [CT82] for a large number of microfacets. Our method procedurally computes NDFs with hundreds of sharp lobes. It relies on a dictionary of 1D marginal distributions: at each location two of them are randomly picked and multiplied (to obtain a NDF), rotated (to increase the variety), and scaled (to control standard deviation/roughness). The dictionary is multiscale, does not depend on roughness, and has a low memory footprint (less than 1 MiB).
Monocular Human Pose and Shape Reconstruction using Part Differentiable Rendering
Authors: Wang Min , Qiu Feng , Liu Wentao , Qian Chen , Zhou Xiaowei , Ma Lizhuang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSuperior human pose and shape reconstruction from monocular images depends on removing the ambiguities caused by occlusions and shape variance. Recent works succeed in regression‐based methods which estimate parametric models directly through a deep neural network supervised by 3D ground truth. However, 3D ground truth is neither in abundance nor can efficiently be obtained. In this paper, we introduce body part segmentation as critical supervision. Part segmentation not only indicates the shape of each body part but helps to infer the occlusions among parts as well. To improve the reconstruction with part segmentation, we propose a part‐level differentiable renderer that enables part‐based models to be supervised by part segmentation in neural networks or optimization loops. We also introduce a general parametric model engaged in the rendering pipeline as an intermediate representation between skeletons and detailed shapes, which consists of primitive geometries for better interpretability. The proposed approach combines parameter regression, body model optimization, and detailed model registration altogether. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves balanced evaluation on pose and shape, and outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art approaches on Human3.6M, UP‐3D and LSP datasets.
Colorization of Line Drawings with Empty Pupils
Authors: Akita K. , Morimoto Y. , Tsuruno R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany studies have recently applied deep learning to the automatic colorization of line drawings. However, it is difficult to paint empty pupils using existing methods because the convolutional neural network are trained with pupils that have edges, which are generated from color images using image processing. Most actual line drawings have empty pupils that artists must paint in. In this paper, we propose a novel network model that transfers the pupil details in a reference color image to input line drawings with empty pupils. We also propose a method for accurately and automatically colorizing eyes. In this method, eye patches are extracted from a reference color image and automatically added to an input line drawing as color hints using our pupil position estimation network.
Slice and Dice: A Physicalization Workflow for Anatomical Edutainment
Authors: Raidou Renata G. , Gröller M. Eduard , Wu Hsiang‐Yun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDuring the last decades, anatomy has become an interesting topic in education—even for laymen or schoolchildren. As medical imaging techniques become increasingly sophisticated, virtual anatomical education applications have emerged. Still, anatomical models are often preferred, as they facilitate 3D localization of anatomical structures. Recently, data physicalizations (i.e., physical visualizations) have proven to be effective and engaging—sometimes, even more than their virtual counterparts. So far, medical data physicalizations involve mainly 3D printing, which is still expensive and cumbersome. We investigate alternative forms of physicalizations, which use readily available technologies (home printers) and inexpensive materials (paper or semi‐transparent films) to generate crafts for anatomical edutainment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first computer‐generated crafting approach within an anatomical edutainment context. Our approach follows a cost‐effective, simple, and easy‐to‐employ workflow, resulting in assemblable data sculptures (i.e., semi‐transparent sliceforms). It primarily supports volumetric data (such as CT or MRI), but mesh data can also be imported. An octree slices the imported volume and an optimization step simplifies the slice configuration, proposing the optimal order for easy assembly. A packing algorithm places the resulting slices with their labels, annotations, and assembly instructions on a paper or transparent film of user‐selected size, to be printed, assembled into a sliceform, and explored. We conducted two user studies to assess our approach, demonstrating that it is an initial positive step towards the successful creation of interactive and engaging anatomical physicalizations.
Short‐term outcomes after transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer in Denmark – a prospective multicentre study
Authors: Klein Mads Falk , Seiersen Michael , Bulut Orhan , Bech‐Knudsen Flemming , Jansen Jens Erik , Gögenur Ismail 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the short‐term surgical and oncological outcomes after transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for rectal cancer during the implementation phase of this procedure in Denmark.MethodThis is a retrospective review of prospectively recorded data. Registration was initiated by the Scientific Council of the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group (DCCG.dk) in order to assess the quality of care during the implementation of TaTME. Pre‐, intra‐ and postoperative data including early recurrences were recorded at the operating centres.ResultsFrom August 2016 to April 2019, 115 TaTME procedures were registered. Patients were predominantly male (74%) with mid‐rectal (88%) tumours. The level of surgical complications was comparable to previous nationwide results. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 6/109 (5.5%). One urethral injury occurred. The plane of dissection was mesorectal in 60% of cases, intramesorectal in 28% and muscularis in 12%. Nonmicroradicality was seen in 8% (R1, 6%; R2, 2%). Four local recurrences occurred after a median of 23 months of follow‐up. One of these was multifocal.ConclusionIn an implementation phase where patient selection is expected, surgical and oncological results after TaTME were comparable to those of other approaches reported in the literature.
Industry submissions on alcohol in the context of Australia's trade and investment agreements: A content and thematic analysis of publicly available documents
Authors: Miller Mia , Wilkinson Claire , Room Robin , O'Brien Paula , Townsend Belinda , Schram Ashley , Gleeson Deborah 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction and AimsAlcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, responsible for 3 million deaths in 2016. The alcohol industry is a powerful player in shaping trade and investment rules in ways that can constrain the ability of governments to regulate alcoholic beverages to reduce harm. This paper analyses publicly available submissions about alcohol in the context of Australia's free trade agreements to determine the key themes put forward by industry.Design and MethodsWe searched for submissions made to the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade by alcohol industry trade associations, alcohol manufacturers, distributors and retailers, general industry association, and government agencies with responsibilities for alcohol trade, about specific free trade agreements involving Australia. Thirty‐one submissions in relation to eight trade agreements were included for analysis. The analysis involved both descriptive content analysis and thematic analysis.ResultsFindings suggest that industry is actively seeking to shape trade negotiations around alcohol. Priority issues for the industry include improving market access, harmonising regulation, improving clarity and transparency, reducing the burden of regulation and preventing monopolies on product names.Discussion and ConclusionThe alcohol industry and associated business and government organisations are actively working to influence trade agreement negotiations for industry economic gain, arguing for rules which may undermine public health goals. The analysis suggests that public health experts should pay attention to trade and investment agreements and develop counter frames to ensure agreements do not create barriers for coherent health policies.
Independent walking and cognitive development in preschool children with Dravet syndrome
Authors: Verheyen Karen , Wyers Lore , Del Felice Alessandra , Schoonjans An‐Sofie , Ceulemans Berten , Van de Walle Patricia , Hallemans Ann 
Published: November 2020

AimTo investigate the relation between cognitive and motor development in preschool aged children with Dravet syndrome, in particular between the age of independent walking and cognitive development.MethodResults of cognitive and motor developmental assessments and the age of independent walking were retrieved retrospectively from the medical records of 33 children (17 males, 16 females; mean age at last evaluation 33.2mo, SD 8.2mo, range 9–48mo) diagnosed with Dravet syndrome. Cognitive and motor developmental age, derived from the Bayley Scales of Infant Development or through standardized neurodevelopmental assessment, were converted into cognitive and motor developmental quotients. Multiple test scores per child were included.ResultsA strong positive relation was found between cognitive and motor developmental quotient (Pearsonr=0.854;p<0.001) in 20 children (slope=0.75; 95% CI: 0.54–0.95). A later age of independent walking was associated with a lower cognitive developmental quotient (28 children;p<0.001; slope=−1.01; 95% CI: −1.53 to −0.49). A higher cognitive developmental quotient was seen in children with an age at testing younger than 24 months. The cognitive developmental quotient of children with a delay in independent walking (>17.6mo) was significantly lower than those without a delay (p=0.006).InterpretationA strong relation exists between cognitive and motor development. Furthermore, the age of independent walking might be an important indicator of the development of children with Dravet syndrome.What this paper addsCognitive and motor development are strongly related in children with Dravet syndrome.Later age of independent walking is associated with worse cognitive development in children with Dravet syndrome.
Exploring the crosstalk of glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism in psychiatric disorders and brain tumours
Authors: Vlaikou Angeliki‐Maria , Nussbaumer Markus , Komini Chrysoula , Lambrianidou Andromachi , Konidaris Constantinos , Trangas Theoni , Filiou Michaela D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDysfunction of metabolic pathways characterises a plethora of common pathologies and has emerged as an underlying hallmark of disease phenotypes. Here, we focus on psychiatric disorders and brain tumours and explore changes in the interplay between glycolysis and mitochondrial energy metabolism in the brain. We discuss alterations in glycolysis versus core mitochondrial metabolic pathways, such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, in major psychiatric disorders and brain tumours. We investigate potential common patterns of altered mitochondrial metabolism in different brain regions and sample types and explore how changes in mitochondrial number, shape and morphology affect disease‐related manifestations. We also highlight the potential of pharmacologically targeting mitochondria to achieve therapeutic effects.
Mutation analysis of MFSD8 in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cohort from mainland China
Authors: Huang Ling , Liu Zhen , Yuan Yanchun , Shen Lu , Jiang Hong , Tang Beisha , Wang Junling , Lei Lifang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that rare variants in MFSD8 contribute to risk for frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Considering the common underlying pathogenesis and the shared genetic risk between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and FTD, we screened the coding region of MFSD8 in 551 unrelated patients with ALS (510 unrelated sporadic ALS and 41 familial ALS probands) from mainland China by whole‐exome sequencing to assess its mutation frequency in patients with ALS and evaluate its association. Two rare deleterious variants, c.343G>A (p. V115M) and c.695T>C (p.L232P), were identified in this study. The variant c.695T>C (p.L232P) has not been previously reported and the carrier of this variant exhibits a relatively younger age of disease onset. Our studies provide some independent evidence showing that the rare variant p.L232P in MFSD8 might be a candidate risk factor for ALS. However, the relatively small sample size and the lack of patient‐derived cells limit the power of the genetic exploration of this study, further robust multicenter studies with larger sizes and biological experiments with patient‐derived cells are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of the rare variant in MFSD8 in ALS.
Severe hypertensive flare‐up after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab for retinal venous branch occlusion
Authors: Tournon Nicolas , Bertrand Laura , Bagheri Haleh , Amar Jacques 
Published: November 2020

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins are involved in the regulation of angiogenesis. Systemic adverse effects of some anti‐VEGF include hypertension, proteinuria and cardiovascular complications which could involve lower systemic VEGF levels. However, the question regarding intravitreal administration of anti‐VEGF remains controversial given that the patients receiving these drugs are often elderly and present cardiac risk factors such as arterial hypertension or atrial fibrillation. We report a case of hypertensive flare‐up following intravitreal injection of ranibizumab for retinal vein occlusion. The outcome was favourable after adapted antihypertensive treatment. This case report adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that intravitreal administration of anti‐VEGF, regardless of agents, may result in hypertensive episodes in some predisposed patients. Listing this adverse effect should help to minimize risks by heightening clinician and patient awareness and to improve blood pressure monitoring following the intravitreal administration of anti‐VEGF agents.
Digastric muscle mass and intensity in older patients with sarcopenic dysphagia by ultrasonography
Authors: Ogawa Nami , Wakabayashi Hidetaka , Mori Takashi , Fujishima Ichiro , Oshima Fumiko , Itoda Masataka , Kunieda Kenjiro , Shigematsu Takashi , Nishioka Shinta , Tohara Haruka , Ohno Tomohisa , Nomoto Akiko , Shimizu Akio , Yamada Minoru , Ogawa Sumito 
Published: November 2020

AimThe aim of this study was to investigate digastric muscle mass and intensity between no sarcopenic dysphagia and sarcopenic dysphagia.MethodsPatients aged ≥65 years were enrolled. According to the diagnostic algorithm for sarcopenic dysphagia, the patients were divided into two groups, no sarcopenic dysphagia and sarcopenic dysphagia. Handgrip strength, gait speed, skeletal muscle mass, tongue pressure, Mini Nutritional Assessment‐Short Form and Food Intake LEVEL Scale were investigated. Digastric muscle mass and intensity were examined by ultrasonography. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent factors for the presence of sarcopenic dysphagia. To estimate the accuracy of diagnosing sarcopenic dysphagia, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for digastric muscle mass and intensity.ResultsForty‐five patients (mean ± SD, 84.3 ± 7.8 years, 22 men, 23 women) including 19 no sarcopenic dysphagia and 26 sarcopenic dysphagia were examined. In sarcopenic dysphagia, lower BMI, Food Intake LEVEL Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment‐Short Form and smaller muscle mass and greater muscle intensity were found compared with no sarcopenic dysphagia. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, digastric muscle mass and intensity were identified as independent factors for sarcopenic dysphagia. The cut‐off value of muscle mass was 75.1 mm2 (area under curve: 0.731, sensitivity: 0.692, specificity: 0.737) and muscle intensity was 27.8 (area under curve: 0.823, sensitivity: 0.923, specificity: 0.632).ConclusionsDigastric muscle mass was smaller and muscle intensity was greater in sarcopenic dysphagia than no sarcopenic dysphagia. Ultrasonography of digastric muscle, as well as the tongue and geniohyoid muscle, is useful. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 14–19.
What are the underlying reasons behind socioeconomic differences in doctor‐patient communication in head and neck oncology review clinics?
Authors: Allen Sarah , Rogers Simon N. , Brown Steven , Harris Rebecca V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo explore socioeconomic status (SES) differences in patterns of doctor‐patient communication within head and neck cancer clinics and why such differences exist.MethodsThirty‐six head and neck cancer review appointments with five Physicians were observed and audio‐taped, along with follow‐up interviews involving 32 patients. Data were analysed using Thematic Analysis, and compared by patient SES (education, occupation and Indices of Multiple Deprivation).ResultsThree main themes were identified: (a) Physicians used more humour and small talk in their consultations with high SES patients; (b) Low SES patients were more passive in their participation, engaged in less agenda setting and information‐seeking, and framed their clinical experience differently; (c) Low SES patients had different preferences for involvement, defining involvement differently to high SES patients and were seen to take a more stoical approach.ConclusionLow SES patients take a more passive role in medical consultations, engage in less relational talk and are less likely to raise concerns, but were satisfied with this. Physicians may adapt their communication behaviour in response to low SES patients’ expectations and preferences.Practice ImplicationsA question prompt list may help low SES patients to raise concerns during their consultations. This may reduce inequalities in communication and health.
Reintegrating agency, regulation and the economy into histories of child emigration from North West England to Canada, 1860–1930
Authors: Moss Eloise , Wildman Charlotte , Lamont Ruth 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this article we bring the records of Liverpool‐based child emigration agencies into conversation with the archives of ‘Home’ children held at Libraries and Archives Canada, the Archives of Ontario (Toronto) and the Catholic Archdiocese of Toronto Archives. Our aim is to provide the first study to consider why the North West emerged as the British centre of child emigration during the period 1860–1930, and examine the shared emigration infrastructure between its institutions and agents with those in Canada, through which we hope to advance comparative transnational research into child separation as a feature of welfare systems since the late‐nineteenth century. Our key claims are the following: (1) that children and their families DID challenge, resist and question the system, though not always expressed through their limited ability to give consent to emigration; (2) that the purported welfarist impulses of child emigration schemes were frequently in tension with the everyday administrative and financial concerns that characterised exchanges over child migrants between state and institution, bespeaking a broader economy of child emigration schemes that has thus far been under‐examined in the scholarship.
The role of dermoscopy in diagnostics of dermatological conditions of the eyelid, eyelashes, and conjunctiva – a literature review
Authors: Kozubowska Karolina , Sławińska Martyna , Sobjanek Michał 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe role of dermoscopy in dermatology is constantly evolving. Relatively little is known about its application in diagnosis of dermatological conditions of the eyelid, eyelashes, and conjunctiva. The aim of the study is to summarize the existing knowledge in this field.