bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the long‐term outlook for young people following liver transplant? A single‐centre retrospective analysis of physical and psychosocial outcomes
Authors: Ruth Nicola , Sharif Khalid , Legarda Maria , Smith Monica , Lewis Philipa , Lloyd Carla , Mirza Darius , Kelly Deirdre 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLT is a successful treatment for end‐stage liver disease. The long‐term outcome of patients transplanted in childhood has not previously been widely reported. This project assessed the long‐term impact of transplantation in patients surviving >15 years. Retrospective data on growth, end‐organ damage and psychosocial development were collected in young people transplanted from 1985 to 2000 in a single centre. Clinical notes were reviewed, and patients interviewed at clinic follow‐up. 224 patients were transplanted between 1985 and 2000. 143 recipients (63.8%) survived >15 years with a median survival of 19.52 years. The majority were well, and only 10% had abnormal graft function (biochemical/synthetic), the main cause of which was chronic hepatitis (6%). Renal dysfunction and the necessity for renal transplant were identified in 32.8%, of whom 16.7% of patients had a cGFR <70 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 6% of patients had either undergone or awaiting renal transplant. This cohort was healthier than the average age‐matched UK population in terms of body mass index (9% obese), smoking and alcohol consumption. 92% of patients had completed or were in education (93/123 had completed education and 20/123 remained in school). 63.7% of patients had been transitioned into adult services, and 46.3% of these patients were employed. 67.5% were in a relationship, one patient was divorced, and 10.6% of patients had one or more children. 11 patients had symptoms that corresponded to a DSM IV diagnosis of depression. Four patients had anorexia nervosa. Developmental delay was identified in 9 out of 99 patients. The development of malignancy, including PTLD, occurred in 10/143 (7%) patients at a median time post‐transplant of 2.76 years (range 0.76‐9.06 years). Epstein‐Barr infection was implicated in 75% of these malignancies. We conclude the long‐term outcome of LT in childhood is good with 63.8% surviving into adulthood and over 60% transferring into adult services. Graft dysfunction and end organ damage are minimal. Our cohort is healthier than the general population, and the majority have completed education, sought employment and formed relationships with peers, contributing well to society.
Toward a better understanding: An exploration of provider perceptions in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant adherence
Authors: Skeens Micah A. , Gerhardt Cynthia A. , Bajwa Rajinder , Akard Terrah Foster 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPediatric HSCT patients endure complicated treatment regimens, lifestyle modifications, and a lifetime of long‐term follow‐up. Treatment adherence in this population is understudied and prevalence unknown. Providers (physicians and advanced practice nurses) in this study completed an online‐structured questionnaire about definition, assessment, and perceived rates of adherence. Researchers' extracted 187 statements from participants' responses. The majority (n = 12, 71%) of providers reported adherence as a primary concern in outpatient HSCT. The major concern for providers was the potential of non‐adherence to negatively affect outcomes. Providers also shared clinical examples of non‐adherence. This study contributes to a better understanding of providers' perceptions of adherence within pediatric HSCT. Additional research is needed to describe, define, and improve adherence in pediatric HSCT to ultimately improve outcomes and quality of life for this vulnerable population.
Uncommon presentation of a recurrent diaphragmatic hernia after pediatric liver transplantation
Authors: Cherukuru Ramkiran , Menon Jagadeesh , Patel Kinisha , Thambidurai Ravikumar , Subbiah Komalavalli , Shanmugam Naresh P , Reddy Mettu Srinivas , Rela Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDH is a rare but well‐recognized complication of PLT. However, a recurrent DH in the setting of PLT has not been reported. We report the case of a child who had previously undergone a DH repair early after PLT and presented more than two years later with atypical findings of severe sepsis and a tender abdominal swelling.
Geology and inclusion studies on the genesis of the Baolun gold deposit in Hainan Province, South China
Authors: Yu Liangliang , Xu Deru , Chen Weixin , Zhang Bo , Tian Lihui , Shan Qiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe late Triassic Baolun gold deposit hosted by Silurian phyllites is a large‐scale high‐grade gold deposit in Hainan Island, South China. The ores can be classified into quartz‐vein dominated type and less altered rock type. Three mineralization stages were recognized by mineral assemblages. The early stage, as the most important mineralization stage, is characterized by a quartz–native gold assemblage. The muscovite−quartz−pyrite−native gold assemblage is related to the intermedium mineralization stage. In late mineralization stage, native gold and Bi‐bearing minerals are paragenetic minerals. Microthermometry analyses show that the early mineralization stage is characterized by two types of fluid inclusions, including CO2‐rich inclusions (C‐type) and aqueous inclusions (W‐type). C‐type inclusions homogenize at 276–335°C with an averaged value of 306°C and have salinities of 1.0–10.0 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 4.9 wt% NaCl equivalent). W‐type inclusions homogenize at 252–301°C (mean value of 278°C) with salinity of 4.0–9.7 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 7.4 wt% NaCl equivalent). In intermedium mineralization stage, C‐type and W‐type inclusions homogenize at 228–320°C (mean value of 283°C) and 178–296°C (mean value of 241°C), with salinities of 2.4–9.9 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 6.5 wt% NaCl equivalent) and 3.7–11.7 wt% NaCl equivalent (mean value of 7.7 wt% NaCl equivalent), respectively. No suitable mineral, such as quartz or calcite, was found for fluid inclusion study from late mineralization stage. In contrast, only aqueous inclusions were found from post‐ore barren veins, which yielded lower homogenization temperatures ranging from 168–241°C (mean value of 195°C) and similar salinities (2.6–12.6 wt% NaCl equivalent with averaged value of 7.2 wt% NaCl equivalent). The different homogenization temperatures and similar salinities of C‐type and W‐type from each mineralization stage indicate that fluid immiscibility and boiling occurred. The Baolun gold deposit was precipitated from a CO2‐bearing mesothermal fluid, and formed at a syn‐collision environment following the closure of the Paleo‐Tethys.
Does economic globalisation affect income inequality? A meta‐analysis
Authors: Heimberger Philipp 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA large volume of econometric literature has studied the impact of economic globalisation on income inequality around the world. However, reported econometric estimates vary substantially, which makes it difficult to draw valid conclusions. This paper presents a quantitative summary and analysis of existing estimates regarding the globalisation–inequality relationship. We use a new data set consisting of 1,254 observations from 123 primary studies. By applying meta‐analysis and meta‐regression methods, we obtain several main findings. First, globalisation has a (small‐to‐moderate) inequality‐increasing effect. Second, while the effect of trade globalisation is small, financial globalisation shows a more sizeable and significantly stronger inequality‐increasing impact. Third, we find an average inequality‐increasing impact of globalisation in both advanced and developing countries. Fourth, education and technology moderate the impact of globalisation on income inequality.
The economic and social costs of globalisation: A target zone analysis
Authors: Della Posta Pompeo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper adopts a target zone approach to analyse and interpret the current phase of slowdown, if not retreat, of economic globalisation. A ‘honeymoon’ emerges when a credible limit is imposed on its economic and social costs. Conversely, if the upper cost threshold is not set credibly, a ‘divorce’ from economic globalisation emerges earlier than if no target is taken into account. Such a second case represents the recent events.
Systematic review of the treatment options for pericardial effusions in dogs
Authors: Scheuermann Logan M. , Gordon‐Evans Wanda J. , Nault André J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the evidence for the conservative and surgical management of pericardial effusions for neoplastic and idiopathic etiologies in dogs.Study designSystematic review.Sample populationPeer‐reviewed English‐language articles describing the treatment and outcome of naturally occurring pericardial effusion in domestic dogs.MethodsA literature search was performed with PubMed, Cab Abstracts, Scopus, and Agricola in August 2019 for articles describing pericardial effusion treatment in dogs. Inclusion criteria were applied, and articles were evaluated for reported outcome and level of evidence by using The Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence, a previously described hierarchical system, and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation).ResultsOne hundred eight of the 641 unique articles that were identified and evaluated met inclusion criteria. Most articles included were case studies (68.2%) or retrospective case series (25.2%), with all articles providing a low level of evidence. The articles had inconsistent inclusion criteria, outcome measures, and follow‐up, making comparison of outcomes difficult.ConclusionBecause of the low quality of evidence of the studies included in this systematic review and the variability of the outcomes, there is not sufficient evidence to recommend one treatment option rather than another.Clinical significanceThere is a requirement for higher quality evidence such as randomized controlled trials and prospective comparative cohort studies. Standardization of outcome measures reported for each treatment option and disease process studied will allow for better comparison of outcomes between studies.
Clinical use of computer‐assisted orthopedic surgery in horses
Authors: de Preux Mathieu , Klopfenstein Bregger Micaël D. , Brünisholz Hervé P. , Van der Vekens Elke , Schweizer‐Gorgas Daniela , Koch Christoph 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe clinical applications of computer‐assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS) in horses with a navigation system coupled with a cone beam computed tomography unit.Study designRetrospective clinical case series.AnimalsThirteen adult horses surgically treated with CAOS.MethodsMedical records were searched for horses that underwent CAOS between 2016 and 2019. Data retrieved included signalment, diagnosis, lameness grade prior to surgery, surgical technique and complications, anesthesia and surgery time, and information pertaining to the perioperative case management and outcome.ResultsIn 10 cases, surgical implants were placed in the proximal phalanx, third metatarsal bone, ulna, or medial femoral condyle. In one case, navigated transarticular drilling was performed to promote ankylosis of the distal tarsal joints. In another case, an articular fragment of the middle phalanx was removed with the help of CAOS guidance. In the final case, a focal osteolytic lesion of the calcaneal tuber was curetted with the aid of CAOS. In seven cases, a purpose‐built frame was used for the surgical procedure. All surgeries were performed successfully and according to the preoperative plan.ConclusionComputer‐assisted orthopedic surgery can be an integral part of the clinical case management in equine surgery. To optimize workflow and time‐efficiency, the authors recommend designating one team for operative planning and another for the execution of the surgical plan. Specialized equipment, such as the purpose‐built frame, will further improve CAOS applications in equine surgery.Clinical significanceAfter they have become familiar with the operational principles, equine surgeons can readily apply CAOS for a broad spectrum of indications.
Temperature-Rate-Dependent Thermoelasticity Theory With Memory-Dependent Derivative: Energy, Uniqueness Theorems, and Variational Principle
Authors: Singh Biswajit , Sarkar Indranil , Pal (Sarkar) Smita 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article is focused on developing a new mathematical model on the temperature-rate-dependent thermoelasticity theory (Green–Lindsay), using the methodology of memory-dependent derivative (MDD). First, the energy theorem of this model associated with two relaxation times in the context of MDD is derived for homogeneous, isotropic thermoelastic medium. Second, a uniqueness theorem for this model is proved using the Laplace transform technique. A variational principle for this model is also established. Finally, the results for Green–Lindsay model without MDD and coupled theory are obtained from the considered model.
Theoretical investigation of nano-photonic graphene-based waveguide
Authors: Wang Yupeng , Xiao Yawen , Wang Luning , Rong Haichen , Li Xin , Wang Fei 
Published: July 2020

This paper reports two design thoughts about nano-scale waveguides including parallel slot structure and vertical slot structure. According to the simulation results of different schemes, the design of parallel slot structure is demonstrated to exhibit better performance. Thus, we further explore its typical characteristics based on this scheme, such as electric field distribution, effective refractive index, non-linearity, dispersion and so on. Besides, we explore the properties of the waveguide under different thicknesses of the core material. On the other hand, combining with graphene layer applied to additional bias voltage, the tunable properties of the waveguide are realized. These results can provide significant reference for photoelectronic device field and lead to a deeper insight of the physical mechanisms of graphene-based waveguides.
Automatic global path generation for large-scale 3D scene exploration
Authors: Che Li , Kang F. J. 
Published: July 2020

Large-scale virtual scene exploration is still a challenging task. The novice users can easily get distracted and disorientated, which results in being lost in space. Assisted camera control technology is the most effective solution for virtual environment exploration problems which requires viewpoint computation and path planning. In this paper, a novel approach for large-scale virtual scene based on viewpoint scoring is proposed. First, the scene was adaptively divided into several meaningful and easily analyzed subregions according to the optimal view distance criterion. Second, a novel viewpoint scoring method based on visual perception and information entropy fusion was developed for optimal viewpoint determination and greedy N-Bestviewpoint selection algorithm was utilized for visual perceptibility calculation. Then evolutionary programming approach for the Traveling Salesman problem was applied for intra-subregion and inter-subregion exploring path optimization. Finally, the Cubic Hermite Curve was introduced to smoothen the inflection point on the exploration path. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively generate an automatic smooth, informative, aesthetic and non-intersecting path, with the characteristics of good exploring comfort, strong immersion and high scene information perception.
Does the Level of Confidence Exhibited by Dental Students Predict the Outcome of Complete Denture Therapy?
Authors: Thilakumara Indika P. , Prathibhani Kaumudi U. , Rasnayaka Sumudu G. K. , Abeysundara Sachith P. , Jayasinghe Rasika M. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose/Objectives.“It is very important for the corresponding author to have a linked ORCID (Open Researcher and Contributor ID) account on MTS. To register a linked ORCID account, please go to the Account Update page (http://mts.hindawi.com/update/) in our Manuscript Tracking System and after you have logged in click on the ORCID link at the top of the page. This link will take you to the ORCID website where you will be able to create an account for yourself. Once you have done so, your new ORCID will be saved in our Manuscript Tracking System automatically.”"?> Development of self-confidence is as important as competency in technical and clinical skills of a dental student. This study assessed the association of the level of confidence in dental students with the level of satisfaction of patients and the clinical outcome in the management of complete denture patients. Materials and Methods. Fifty-seven final-year dental students in the year 2019 and the first edentulous patient managed by them were recruited for the study. A fourteen-item questionnaire was given to the students to assess their level of confidence just before commencement of the treatment. Questionnaire for the patients was used to assess their satisfaction both with the operator and the dentures. Clinical outcome of dentures was assessed using ten criteria. Results. The average confidence level of the students was found to be 2.17 in a 4-point scale. A two-sample test indicated that there is a significant difference in the overall level of confidence between female and male students (p value = 0.004). Moreover, a nonparametric correlation analysis revealed that there is no significant correlation between the overall level of confidence of each student and patient satisfaction regarding student performance, level of satisfaction of patients regarding dentures, and the quality of dentures as assessed by the clinicians (p value = 0.545, 0.877, and 0.801, respectively). Conclusions. Students’ level of confidence in carrying out complete denture procedures is satisfactory. Male students exhibited a better overall level of confidence than female students. However, the level of confidence exhibited by the dental students does not predict patient satisfaction or clinical outcome.
Cardiac Ischemic Preconditioning Promotes MG53 Secretion Through H
2
O
2
-Activated Protein Kinase C-δ Signaling
Authors: Shan Dan , Guo Sile , Wu Hong-Kun , Lv Fengxiang , Jin Li , Zhang Mao , Xie Peng , Wang Yimei , Song Ying , Wu Fujian , Lan Feng , Hu Xinli , Cao Chun-Mei , Zhang Yan , Xiao Rui-Ping 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is the most powerful intrinsic protection against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. Previous studies have shown that a multifunctional TRIM family protein, MG53 (mitsugumin 53; also called TRIM72), not only plays an essential role in IPC-mediated cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury but also ameliorates mechanical damage. In addition to its intracellular actions, as a myokine/cardiokine, MG53 can be secreted from the heart and skeletal muscle in response to metabolic stress. However, it is unknown whether IPC-mediated cardioprotection is causally related to MG53 secretion and, if so, what the underlying mechanism is.

Methods:
Using proteomic analysis in conjunction with genetic and pharmacological approaches, we examined MG53 secretion in response to IPC and explored the underlying mechanism using rodents in in vivo, isolated perfused hearts, and cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. Moreover, using recombinant MG53 proteins, we investigated the potential biological function of secreted MG53 in the context of IPC and ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Results:

We found that IPC triggered robust MG53 secretion in rodents in vivo, perfused hearts, and cultured cardiac myocytes without causing cell membrane leakage. Mechanistically, IPC promoted MG53 secretion through H
2
O
2
-evoked activation of protein kinase-C-δ. Specifically, IPC-induced myocardial MG53 secretion was mediated by H
2
O
2
-triggered phosphorylation of protein kinase-C-δ at Y311, which is necessary and sufficient to facilitate MG53 secretion. Functionally, systemic delivery of recombinant MG53 proteins to mimic elevated circulating MG53 not only restored IPC function in MG53-deficient mice but also protected rodent hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injury even in the absence of IPC. Moreover, oxidative stress by H
2
O
2
augmented MG53 secretion, and MG53 knockdown exacerbated H
2
O
2
-induced cell injury in human embryonic stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes, despite relatively low basal expression of MG53 in human heart.

Conclusions:

We conclude that IPC and oxidative stress can trigger MG53 secretion from the heart via an H
2
O
2
–protein kinase-C-δ–dependent mechanism and that extracellular MG53 can participate in IPC protection against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury.
‘A Retrograde Tendency’: The Expropriation of German Property in the Versailles Treaty
Authors: Mulder Nicholas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article explores how the Versailles Treaty was shaped by the effects of economic warfare 1914–1919. The First World War was in part an Allied economic war waged against the Central Powers in conditions of advanced economic and financial globalization. This was reflected in the treaty’s expropriation mechanisms, which were used to take control of German property, rights, and interests around the world. Whereas Articles 297 and 298 of the treaty legalized wartime seizures, the Reparations Section of the treaty also contained a provision, paragraph 18, that gave the Allies far-reaching confiscatory powers in the future. The article places these mechanisms in a wider political, legal and economic context, and traces how they became a bone of contention among the former belligerents in the interwar period.
“A Worthless Reptile”
Authors: Quigley Gabriel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
During the 1960s and 70s, direct invocations of Beckett’s texts began to appear in works by writers belonging to a Turkish literary movement called bunalim edebiyati, or Literature of Despair. These writers were critical of the Turkish republic; their productions also coincided with the formation of social movements that sought to address the sociocultural effects of the Turkish language reforms. This paper argues that Beckett’s method and thematic engagement with self-translation informed how Turkish writers negotiated language reforms in their own writing. Writers examined include Adalet Ağaoğlu and Ferhan Şensoy as well as Beckett productions by Barbara Hutt.
Embedded upper end of double J stent at the site of renal pelvis injury following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a rare complication
Authors: Hammad Fayez T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Injury of the renal collecting system is a well-known complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Large injuries may cause excessive bleeding and fluid extravasation and require adequate drainage using several modalities such placement of JJ stents. Herein, we report on two cases in which the upper coil of the JJ stent got buried in the fibrous tissues which formed due to an injury of the collecting system during PNL.

Case presentation
40 years old male and 32 years old female underwent standard PNL for partial and total staghorn calculi, respectively. During the procedure in both cases, the renal pelvis was injured. In both cases, JJ stent was used to drain the collecting system. Trial to remove the JJ stent 6 weeks following the procedure failed because the upper coils of the stents were embedded in the fibrous tissues at the perforation site. Laser incision of the fibrous tissues and releasing the upper coil of the stents were performed using percutaneous approach in the first case and flexible ureterorenoscopy (fURS) in the second patient. The procedures were uneventful in both cases.

Conclusion
This is the first report of embedded JJ stents which got buried by fibrous tissues at the site of collecting system injury that occurred during PNL. To prevent this complication in such cases, we suggest draining the collecting system using nephrostomy tube instead of JJ stent. Alternatively, the upper coil of the stent should be placed away from the injury site.