bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of FATF on financial systems of countries: successes and challenges
Authors: Nanyun Nankpan Moses , Nasiri Alireza 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the extent of successes and challenges of adoption and implementation of Financial Action Task Force (FATF) codes in member states by highlighting the influence of the FATF anti-money laundering policy framework on money laundering (ML) and the way forward in heightening the fight against the fast-evolving nature of ML and terrorist financing activities.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper, based on a purely qualitative desktop study, is drawn on historical information from FATF’s recommendations, its periodic reports, publications and other secondary sources such as books, journal articles on financial systems and scholarly literature.

Findings
The challenges found include difficulty in domestic coordination, capacity constraints of countries, inadequate operational resources and assessment complexities in the implementation of FATF standards. Nonetheless, FATF has chalked some successes such as the harmonization of legislation and enforcement efforts through the provision of coordination points. Other successes include flexibility in response to new threats, adoption of the mutual evaluation process, which advanced peer pressure on defaulting members, enhancement of the international financial space and the enhancement of the legitimization of FATF’s processes.

Originality/value
This paper provides a description of the successes and challenges of the FATF’s 40 + 9 recommendations since its establishment. The outcome would alert countries and players within the international financial space to invest more in capacity building and the entrenchment of the recommendations into their domestic laws.
The South African government's response to COVID-19
Authors: de Villiers Charl , Cerbone Dannielle , Van Zijl Wayne 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper provides a critical analysis of the South African government's response to the COVID-19 crisis and its effect on state finances and budgets.Design/methodology/approachThe paper critically analyses publicly available data.FindingsThe South African government's initial health response was praised by the international community, given the early lockdown and extensive testing regime. The lockdown devastated an already precarious economy, which led to negative social consequences. The initial lockdown delayed the epidemic, but subsequently, the infection rate climbed, requiring new restrictions, suggesting further economic disruption. The government has had to increase its borrowings, while the future tax take is forecast to be significantly reduced, a combination which will lead to a severely constrained public purse for many years to come. This will limit the government's ability to address the basic social needs that predated the COVID-19 crisis.Originality/valueThis is one of the first academic papers to critically assess the effect of the South African government's response to the COVID-19 crisis on state finances and budgets.
Will college students take a stand? Effects of health orientations on purchase decision factors for standing desks
Authors: Goodrich Kendall , Benden Mark , Munch James , Wamwara Wakiuru 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of college students’ health and wellness orientations on the perceived importance of health benefits for an innovative new brand of standing desk, which is hypothesized to positively affect students’ attitudes and intentions. Research in this domain for the college student market is sparse.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey was conducted among business students at a large Midwestern US University, with class credit offered for completion. Of the 325 students given the opportunity to participate, 210 completed the survey.

Findings
Health motivation is positively related to calorie reduction importance, whereas wellness orientation is positively related to back health and cognitive enhancement. Calorie reduction and potential cognitive benefits significantly affect attitudes toward standing desks, which positively impact intentions to use, pay a school usage fee and buy the product.

Research limitations/implications
Different health orientation factors are associated with specific health benefits, providing greater insight into consumer attitudinal motivations for health-related products. Future research can further evaluate the generalizability of the results.

Practical implications
Marketers can tailor more effective communications based on underlying consumer motivations for health-related product benefits, resulting in better marketing outcomes.

Social implications
Obesity is a growing societal issue, which could be ameliorated by improved daily behaviors, including the use of standing desks to assist in countering sedentarism.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, neither academic research has yet examined standing desk purchase decision factors for the college student market, nor the effects of different health orientations on perceived health benefits.
South African accounting academics’ conceptualisations of the teaching-research nexus
Authors: Lubbe Ilse , Duff Angus 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
Accounting academics in South Africa (SA) have been criticised for their lack of focus on research, stating that their primary responsibility is the teaching of prospective professional accountants. The purpose of this paper is to empirically evaluate the relationship between research and teaching and to consider why accounting academics in SA prioritise teaching over research.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses a questionnaire developed in the UK to assess SA accounting academics’ views of the teaching-research nexus. Cluster analysis is undertaken to identify and describe the patterns of responses of respondents.

Findings
The findings identify three clusters. The largest subgroup indicates an equal awareness of both the potential benefits and pitfalls of integrating teaching and research. A second subgroup views teaching and research as symbiotic, while the third subgroup sees the two activities as working against each other and competing for scarce resources. This study finds that conflict exists between professional membership and academic research, and a focus on teaching a professionally orientated accounting curriculum remains dominant in SA.

Research limitations/implications
The attitudes to teaching and research within SA are likely to be dynamic and subject to change. The findings have implications for the development of accounting academics and potentially, for addressing the gap between accounting research, practice and education.

Originality/value
This research contributes to a significant corpus of work considering the teaching-research nexus and a nascent body of work considering the relationship of research to teaching in accounting. The findings may be of interest to policymakers, practitioners and academics.
Firm efficiency and the investment anomalies
Authors: Koh Kyungyeon (Rachel) , Nawalkha Sanjay K. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate whether firm efficiency can explain the investment anomaly. The investment anomaly refers to the persistent negative relation between firm growth and future risk-adjusted returns. When firms grow by investing heavily, the market often takes the growth as positive news initially but will correct prices downward subsequently if the firms lack skills to materialize value from the investments.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducts portfolio sorting and Fama–Macbeth regression analyses with three different measures of efficiency and four variables for firm investment: net stock issuance (NSI), total asset growth (dAA), fixed asset and inventory growth (IA) and net operating assets (NOA).FindingsThe author finds that the NSI, dAA and IA anomalies are concentrated in firms with low overall efficiency. In addition, there is strong evidence that manager-driven efficiency is closely related to the NSI anomaly and limited evidence that NOA efficiency plays a role in the NSI, IA and NOA anomalies.Originality/valueThe research contributes to the literature by employing advanced efficiency measures developed by Demerjian et al. (2012) to resolve extant asset pricing puzzles. Also, the findings offer important implications for corporate managers and investors by demonstrating the effect of firm investments and efficiency on future profitability of stocks.
Our lives in three parts: an autoethnographic account of two undergraduates and their respective psychiatric careers
Authors: Voyce Andrew , Carson Jerome 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an autoethnographic account of the stories of a mental health professional and a mental health survivor.

Design/methodology/approach
Using the autoethnographic approach, the authors provide summaries of their respective psychiatric careers in three parts.

Findings
The authors studied at the same University, Reading. Voyce failed his Politics finals and embarked on a trajectory as a mental patient. Carson graduated in Psychology and trained as a clinical psychologist. The recovery movement brought them together, and they have now established an educational and personal bond.

Research limitations/implications
These are of course only two accounts, yet both authors have played a role in developing the recovery model in Britain. The accounts and story show the benefits of adopting a partnership approach between professional and service user.

Practical implications
Both accounts are recovery journeys in their own way. Both highlight the value of education for recovery.

Social implications
There is no doubt that clinical psychologists are both highly valued and well paid for their expertise. However, the expertise gained through Andrew’s life experience is equally invaluable for today’s mental health professionals to learn from, but perhaps not as well remunerated.

Originality/value
Both accounts stretch back over 45 years and have covered the move from institutional to community care. This paper presents two contrasting perspectives on these changes and the lives of the two people involved.
The effects of transformational leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour: the role of organisational justice and affective commitment
Authors: Khaola Peter , Rambe Patient 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
Even though the influence of transformational leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) has been extensively studied in human resource management, evidence on the mechanisms through which transformational leadership affects OCB is only beginning to emerge. In view of the ambivalence about strategies of advancing OCB, this paper aims to establish whether and the extent to which the relationship between transformational leadership and OCB was mediated by organisational justice and affective commitment.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was based on a random survey of 300 employees from a medium-sized public university, and 122 employees from public and private sector organisations in Lesotho. Partial least squares structural equation modelling and process macro techniques were used to analyse data.

Findings
The results confirmed significant paths between transformational leadership and organisational justice; organisational justice and affective commitment; and affective commitment and OCB. The results further suggested that perceived justice and affective commitment were significant serial mediators between transformational leadership and OCB.

Practical implications
Elucidation of the nature of mediating factors between leadership and OCB would leverage organisations’ level of understanding of why transformational leadership is critical to promoting OCB, and hence encourage them to design programmes that would equip supervisors with skills necessary to enhance it.

Originality/value
This is one of the few theory-driven primary studies that examine the serial mediating roles of organisational justice and affective commitment in the transformational leadership – OCB relationship.
Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy (Re‐ART) Improves Executive Functioning in Adolescents and Young Adults with Severe Aggression Problems: A Pilot Study
Authors: Schippers Eveline E. , Hoogsteder Larissa M. , Stams Geert Jan J.M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis pilot study (N = 25) compared the effects of a short, four‐month version of Responsive Aggression Regulation Therapy Outpatient (Re‐ART Compact) and the entire, ten‐month intervention (Re‐ART Complete) on specific executive functioning (EF) and the risk of violent recidivism in adolescents and young adults (13–23 years). Re‐ART is a cognitive behavioral‐based intervention for adolescents and young adults with severe aggression problems. The Re‐ART Compact and Re‐ART Complete groups were comparable on the EF measures inhibition, flexibility, emotion regulation, self‐evaluation, and self‐control, but the Re‐ART Complete group showed more improved risk of violent recidivism. We conclude that Re‐ART Compact can be used as a compact, short intervention for EF, which is a valuable addition to the field of forensic mental health care where many problem behaviors relate to poor EF.
Severity of COVID‐19 in pregnancy: A review of current evidence
Authors: Kucirka Lauren M. , Norton Alexandra , Sheffield Jeanne S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) has recently emerged as a major threat to human health. Infections range from asymptomatic to severe (increased respiratory rate, hypoxia, significant lung involvement on imaging) or critical (multi‐organ failure or dysfunction or respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation or high‐flow nasal cannula). Current evidence suggests that pregnancy women are at increased risk of severe disease, specifically the need for hospitalization, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation, and the already complex management of infection with an emerging pathogen may be further complicated by pregnancy. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of what is known about the clinical course of COVID‐19 in pregnancy, drawing on (a) experience with other coronaviruses such as SARS and MERS, (b) knowledge of immunologic and physiologic changes in pregnancy and how these might impact infection with SARS‐CoV‐2, and (c) the current literature reporting outcomes in pregnant women with SARS‐CoV‐2. We also briefly summarize considerations in management of severe COVID‐19 in pregnancy.
Celiac disease and reproductive failures: An update on pathogenic mechanisms
Authors: Di Simone Nicoletta , Gratta Matteo , Castellani Roberta , D’Ippolito Silvia , Specchia Monia , Scambia Giovanni , Tersigni Chiara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that occurs in genetically predisposed people in which the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine that clinically presents with malabsorption‐related symptoms. CD can also be the underlying cause of several non‐gastrointestinal symptoms. This review summarizes evidence on the relationship between CD and gynecological/obstetric disorders like reproductive failures. Although much has been reported on such a linkage, the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear, especially those underlying extra‐gastrointestinal clinical manifestations. Studies conducted on celiac subjects presenting gynecological/obstetric disorders have pointed to intestinal malabsorption, coagulation alterations, immune‐mediated tissue damage, and endometrial inflammation as the main responsible pathogenic mechanisms. Currently, however, the knowledge of such mechanisms is insufficient, and further studies are needed to gain a more thorough understanding of the matter.
Female cigarette smoking and successful fertility treatment: A Danish cohort study
Authors: Lyngsø Julie , Kesmodel Ulrik S. , Bay Bjørn , Ingerslev Hans J. , Pisinger Charlotta H. , Ramlau‐Hansen Cecilia H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionDespite smoking being a well‐established risk factor for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, a substantial proportion of women of reproductive age smoke. Previously, meta‐analyses have indicated a significantly negative impact of female smoking on outcomes of assisted reproduction, yet most of the included studies have several, essential methodological limitations. We aimed to investigate whether female cigarette smoking may affect the chance of achieving a clinical pregnancy and live birth among women and couples receiving medically assisted reproduction treatment.Material and methodsA cohort study with longitudinally and repeatedly collected exposure information from 1 January 2010 to 31 August 2015, including data on 1708 women and potential partners initiating either intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or frozen embryo transfer treatment cycles at the public Fertility Clinic, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Smoking was assessed from self‐reported questionnaires completed before treatment. Outcomes were a clinical pregnancy and a live birth. Information on these was obtained from the Danish national health registries, allowing complete follow‐up. To evaluate associations between female occasional/daily cigarette smoking and successful medically assisted reproduction treatments, a modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors was used.ResultsFemale occasional/daily cigarette smoking was not associated with the chance of achieving a clinical pregnancy or a live birth in all intrauterine insemination or IVF/ICSI treatment cycles. When compared with nonsmokers, the adjusted relative risk for obtaining a live birth for those reporting smoking was 1.22 (0.70‐2.12) among women initiating 1456 intrauterine insemination treatment cycles. Among women initiating 2788 IVF/ICSI treatment cycles, those reporting occasional/daily smoking had a relative risk for obtaining a live birth of 1.15 (0.82‐1.60) when compared with nonsmokers.ConclusionsOccasionally/daily cigarette smoking women had similar chance of achieving a clinical pregnancy or a live birth as the nonsmokers when receiving medically assisted reproduction treatments. However, tobacco use before and during pregnancy remains a major cause of reduced fertility as well as maternal, fetal, and infant morbidity and mortality, and should strongly be discouraged.
Association between IVF/ICSI treatment and preterm birth and major perinatal outcomes among dichorionic‐diamnionic twin pregnancies: A seven‐year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lin Dongxin , Li Pengsheng , Fan Dazhi , Chen Gengdong , Wu Shuzhen , Ye Shaoxin , Ma Huiting , Rao Jiaming , Zhou Zixing , Zeng Meng , Huang Zheng , Guo Xiaoling , Liu Zhengping 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the preterm birth and additional perinatal outcomes between spontaneous and in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) dichorionic‐diamnionic (DCDA) twin pregnancies.Material and methodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary university‐affiliated medical center. All women with DCDA twin pregnancies were considered for inclusion. The primary outcome of interest was preterm birth <37 weeks of gestation and secondary outcomes included spontaneous preterm birth, iatrogenic (induced) preterm birth, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy‐induced hypertensive disorder, preeclampsia, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, placenta previa, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, birthweight discordance, small for gestational age, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, ventilator support, and perinatal death and/or severe morbidity. These outcomes were compared between IVF/ICSI and spontaneous twin pregnancies. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to adjust for confounders. General estimated equation models were used to address intertwin correlation.ResultsA total of 1297 twin pregnancies, including 213 spontaneous and 1084 IVF/ICSI DCDA pregnancies, met the inclusion criteria. Women with IVF/ICSI pregnancies were older and had higher body mass index, adherence with prenatal care and proportion of nulliparity. After adjustment for confounders, IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a slight increase in preterm birth <37 weeks of gestation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.72; 95% CI 1.24‐2.39), iatrogenic preterm birth <37 weeks of gestation (aOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.00‐1.97) as well as NICU admission (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.00‐1.80). IVF/ICSI pregnancies were associated with a decrease in PPROM (aOR 0.64; 95% CI 0.42‐0.99). There were no differences between IVF/ICSI and spontaneous DCDA pregnancies in terms of spontaneous preterm birth, gestational diabetes mellitus, pregnancy‐induced hypertensive disorder, preeclampsia, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, placenta previa, birthweight discordance, small for gestational age, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, ventilator support, and perinatal death and/or severe morbidity.ConclusionsIVF/ICSI DCDA twin pregnancies were associated with a slight increase in preterm birth <37 weeks of gestation, iatrogenic preterm birth <37 weeks of gestation, and NICU admission but with a decrease in PPROM. Other outcomes were comparable between IVF/ICSI and spontaneous DCDA twin pregnancies. Multicenter studies with adequate power remain warranted.
Hydrophobic interactions between the HA helix and S4‐S5 linker modulate apparent Ca2+ sensitivity of SK2 channels
Authors: Nam Young‐Woo , Cui Meng , Orfali Razan , Viegas Adam , Nguyen Misa , Mohammed Eman H. M. , Zoghebi Khalid A. , Rahighi Simin , Parang Keykavous , Zhang Miao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimSmall‐conductance Ca2+‐activated potassium (SK) channels are activated exclusively by increases in intracellular Ca2+ that binds to calmodulin constitutively associated with the channel. Wild‐type SK2 channels are activated by Ca2+ with an EC50 value of ~0.3 μmol/L. Here, we investigate hydrophobic interactions between the HA helix and the S4‐S5 linker as a major determinant of channel apparent Ca2+ sensitivity.MethodsSite‐directed mutagenesis, electrophysiological recordings and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were utilized.ResultsMutations that decrease hydrophobicity at the HA‐S4‐S5 interface lead to Ca2+ hyposensitivity of SK2 channels. Mutations that increase hydrophobicity result in hypersensitivity to Ca2+. The Ca2+ hypersensitivity of the V407F mutant relies on the interaction of the cognate phenylalanine with the S4‐S5 linker in the SK2 channel. Replacing the S4‐S5 linker of the SK2 channel with the S4‐S5 linker of the SK4 channel results in loss of the hypersensitivity caused by V407F. This difference between the S4‐S5 linkers of SK2 and SK4 channels can be partially attributed to I295 equivalent to a valine in the SK4 channel. A N293A mutation in the S4‐S5 linker also increases hydrophobicity at the HA‐S4‐S5 interface and elevates the channel apparent Ca2+ sensitivity. The double N293A/V407F mutations generate a highly Ca2+ sensitive channel, with an EC50 of 0.02 μmol/L. The MD simulations of this double‐mutant channel revealed a larger channel cytoplasmic gate.ConclusionThe electrophysiological data and MD simulations collectively suggest a crucial role of the interactions between the HA helix and S4‐S5 linker in the apparent Ca2+ sensitivity of SK2 channels.