bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency Data of Nine Y-Chromosomal STR Loci in a Sample from Central Spain
Authors: López-Parra AM , Alvarez S , Mesa M-S , Bandrés F , Arroyo-Pardo E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A sample of 91 blood specimens from unrelated apparently healthy males was collected from individuals autochthonous to the geographic region of Vera-Jerte Valleys, Central Spain (the four grandparents were born within the region). DNA was recovered using a standard phenol/chloroform procedure and typed in an ALF-Sequencer (Pharmacia) according to protocols and alleles kindly supplied by Peter de Knijff (1) for DYS390, DYS391, DYS393, DYS19 loci. DYS434, DYS437, and DYS439 systems were typed according to Hou et al. (2) and DYS389I and DYS389II were typed according to Schultes et al. (3) using allelic ladders from our laboratory. Frequencies were calculated through the gene counting method and gene diversity was estimated according to Nei (4).
Fatal and Nonfatal Poisoning by Hydrogen Sulfide at an Industrial Waste Site
Authors: Kage S , Kashimura S , Ikeda H , Kudo K , Ikeda N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
An adult man (A) entered a pit to collect seepage at an industrial waste site in Japan. As he suddenly lost consciousness, three colleagues (B, C, D) entered the pit to rescue him. All of these men lost consciousness in the pit. Two workers (A and B) died soon after the accident, one worker (C) died 22 days after the accident, and one worker (D) survived. Since hydrogen sulfide gas was detected in the atmosphere of the pit, gas poisoning was suspected. Toxicological analyses of sulfide and thiosulfate, a metabolite of sulfide, in blood and urine of the victims were made using the extractive alkylation technique combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Sulfide was detected in the blood of A and B at levels of 0.13 and 0.11 mg/L, respectively, somewhat higher than in healthy persons. Thiosulfate was detected in whole blood of deceased victims A and B, in the plasma of deceased victim C, at concentrations of 10.53, 4.59, and 4.14 mg/L, respectively. These values were similar to those found in fatal cases of hydrogen sulfide poisoning. Thiosulfate was not detected in the plasma of survivor D. With respect to urine samples, thiosulfate was the highest in the non-acute death victim C (137.20 mg/L), followed by that in the survivor D (29.34 mg/L), and low (0.90 mg/L) and not detected in the acute death victims, A and B, respectively.
Based on these results, all four patients were victims of hydrogen sulfide poisoning. The concentrations of thiosulfate in blood and urine were more useful than that for sulfide for determining hydrogen sulfide poisoning. Thiosulfate in urine was the only indicator of hydrogen sulfide poisoning in the non-fatal victim.
D1S80 Population Data in Eight Predominant Populations of India
Authors: Trivedi R , Chattopadhyay P , Dutta R , Sarkar N , Sharma AK , Kashayp VK 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
DNA Extraction: From blood by phenol chloroform method (1), from buccal swab by chelex method (Bio-rad chelex 100 resin).
The Application of NIST's Fire Dynamics Simulator to the Investigation of Carbon Monoxide Exposure in the Deaths of Three Pittsburgh Fire Fighters
Authors: Christensen AM , Icove DJ 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A case is reported in which computer fire modeling was used to reevaluate a fire that killed three fire fighters. NIST's Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) was employed to model the fire in order to estimate the concentration of carbon monoxide present in the dwelling, which was the immediate cause of death of two of the fire fighters, who appear to have removed their face pieces in order to share available air. This estimate, along with an assumed respiration volume and known blood carboxyhemoglobin, was plugged into a standard equation to estimate the time of exposure. The model indicated that 27 min into the fire, the carbon monoxide concentration had already reached approximately 3600 ppm. At this concentration, and a respiration of 70 L/min, an estimated 3 to 8 min of exposure would have been required to accumulate the concentrations of carboxyhemoglobin (49, 44, and 10%) measured on the fire fighters at autopsy.
Lugol's Test Reexamined again: Buccal Cells
Authors: Jones EL , Leon JA 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lugol's iodine staining technique was used to examine oral samples from 10 men and 10 women. Examination of saliva samples before and after extraction with water shows that the low levels (49 positive cells and 3,951 negative cells) of glycogen in buccal epithelial cells become even lower after water extraction (0 positive cells and 4,000 negative cells). In addition to the 20 samples used in this paper, 40 oral swabs extracted with water were examined under classroom conditions with much less than 1% of the epithelial cells being positive for glycogen. Furthermore, 119 saliva samples from chewed gauze in sexual assault kits were extracted with water and all of them yielded less than 1% glycogen positive cells. This paper proposes that when more than 1% of the nucleated squamous epithelial cells are glycogen positive with Lugol's test after extraction in water, it is reasonable to eliminate the mouth as a source of these glycogen positive cells.
Under-5 Mortality in Central America: 1990–2016
Authors: Castro Franz , Benavides Lara Adriana , Garcés Ana , Moreno-Velásquez Ilais , Odell Chris , Pérez Wilton , Ortiz-Panozo Eduardo 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
We aimed to calculate the change in under-5 mortality rates (U5MRs) (1990–2016), to assess countries’ status regarding Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.2.1 (reducing the U5MR to ≤25 deaths per 1000 live births by 2030), to list the most important causes of death (1990, 2016), and to examine the association between selected SDG indicators and U5MRs using a linear mixed-effects regression.

METHODS:
Ecological study in which we used estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 for Central American countries. Results were expressed as U5MRs (deaths per 1000 live births), cause-specific mortality rates (deaths per 100 000 population &lt;5 years of age), and regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS:
U5MRs decreased 65% (1990–2016), and in 2016, all countries but Guatemala had met SDG 3.2.1. The main causes of death were diarrheal diseases (1990; 311.1 per 100 000) and lower respiratory infections (LRIs) (2016; 78.1 per 100 000). When disaggregated by country (2016), congenital birth defects were the most important cause of death in all countries except for in Honduras (neonatal preterm birth) and Guatemala (LRIs). Nutritional status; availability of water, sanitation, and hygiene services; coverage of vaccines; and coverage of contraception were associated with a reduction in U5MRs.

CONCLUSIONS:
Central America has achieved a large reduction in U5MRs. Countries must address both the high mortality caused by LRIs and the rising mortality caused by noncommunicable causes of death through an improvement of SDG indicators that guarantees equitable progress in child survival in the region.
Site-Level Variation in the Characteristics and Care of Infants With Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal
Authors: Young Leslie W. , Hu Zhuopei , Annett Robert D. , Das Abhik , Fuller Janell F. , Higgins Rosemary D. , Lester Barry M. , Merhar Stephanie L. , Simon Alan E. , Ounpraseuth Songthip , Smith P. Brian , Crawford Margaret M. , Atz Andrew M. , Cottrell Lesley E. , Czynski Adam J. , Newman Sarah , Paul David A. , Sánchez Pablo J. , Semmens Erin O. , Smith M. Cody , Turley Christine B. , Whalen Bonny L. , Poindexter Brenda B. , Snowden Jessica N. , Devlin Lori A. ,   EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT NEONATAL RESEARCH NETWORK AND THE NIH ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON CHILD HEALTH OUTCOMES (ECHO) PROGRAM INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT AWARDS STATES PEDIATRIC CLINICAL TRIALS NETWORK
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Variation in pediatric medical care is common and contributes to differences in patient outcomes. Site-to-site variation in the characteristics and care of infants with neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) has yet to be quantified. Our objective was to describe site-to-site variation in maternal-infant characteristics, infant management, and outcomes for infants with NOWS.

METHODS:
Cross-sectional study of 1377 infants born between July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2017, who were ≥36 weeks’ gestation, with NOWS (evidence of opioid exposure and NOWS scoring within the first 120 hours of life) born at or transferred to 1 of 30 participating hospitals nationwide. Site-to-site variation for each parameter within the 3 domains was measured as the range of individual site-level means, medians, or proportions.

RESULTS:
Sites varied widely in the proportion of infants whose mothers received adequate prenatal care (31.3%–100%), medication-assisted treatment (5.9%–100%), and prenatal counseling (1.9%–75.5%). Sites varied in the proportion of infants with toxicology screening (50%–100%) and proportion of infants receiving pharmacologic therapy (6.7%–100%), secondary medications (1.1%–69.2%), and nonpharmacologic interventions including fortified feeds (2.9%–90%) and maternal breast milk (22.2%–83.3%). The mean length of stay varied across sites (2–28.8 days), as did the proportion of infants discharged with their parents (33.3%–91.1%).

CONCLUSIONS:
Considerable site-to-site variation exists in all 3 domains. The magnitude of the observed variation makes it unlikely that all infants are receiving efficient and effective care for NOWS. This variation should be considered in future clinical trial development, practice implementation, and policy development.
Feltehetően traumás eredetű sérülések egy ókori egyiptomi múmiafejen
Authors: Szvák Enikő , Győry Hedvig , Sklánitz Antal , Szabó Lénárd , Rosendahl Wilfried , Zesch Stephanie , Scheffer Krisztina , Szikossy Ildikó , Simek Ágnes , Pálfi György , Pap Ildikó 
Published: December 2020

Összefoglaló.
Bevezetés: Egy traumás eredetű sérüléseket mutató, ókori
egyiptomi koponya vizsgálatát ismertetjük a Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum
gyűjteményéből. A jelen cikkben egy mumifikált fej elemzését emeltük ki, ennek
átfogó vizsgálatát és részletes eredményeit közöljük.
Célkitűzés: Célunk egy multidiszciplináris vizsgálatsorozat
megvalósítása volt, amelyen keresztül képet kapunk az egykor Egyiptom területén
élt emberek egészségi állapotáról. Módszer: A kutatás során a
múmiákon szerves és szervetlen kémiai analíziseket, komputertomográfiai és
röntgenvizsgálatot, szénizotópos kormeghatározást végeztünk, és felhasználtunk
biológiai antropológiai módszereket is. Eredmények: A koponya
igazoltan az ókori Egyiptomból származik, és mivel sebei gyógyulásnak indultak,
véleményünk szerint az egyén túlélte a fejét ért behatást. Ez meglepő
eredménynek minősül, hiszen ilyen jellegű életveszélyes traumás sérüléseket csak
akkor lehet nagy valószínűséggel túlélni, ha megfelelő orvosi ellátás áll
rendelkezésre. Következtetés: Úgy gondoljuk, ebben az esetben
is ez történt, bizonyítva, hogy az egyiptomi orvosi ismeretek valóban igen
fejlettek és az orvoslás magas színvonalú volt. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(51):
2162–2170.
Summary.
Introduction: We are presenting the analysis of an ancient
Egyptian mummified head from the collection of the Hungarian Natural History
Museum, which shows special traumatic injuries. The examination of this artefact
nicely demonstrates the procedures we usually apply in our research on the
Egyptian mummies of the Museum. Objective: Our aim was to
implement a series of multidisciplinary studies to get a picture of the health
condition of these people once living in the territory of Egypt.
Method: When researching the mummies, we performed organic
and non-organic chemical analyses, computed tomography, X-ray examinations,
radiocarbon isotope dating as well as biological anthropological methods.
Results: In this article, we report on the comprehensive
examination of the skull and the detailed results we got. The skull is proven to
originate from ancient Egypt. Conclusion: As the wounds began
to heal, we can conclude that the individual survived the impact on his head.
This is quite surprising as such life-threatening traumatic injuries can only be
survived if adequate medical care is available. We believe this was the case
also here, i. e., ancient Egyptian medicine was highly
developed and of really high standards. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(51): 2162–2170.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Tunisian, France and Austrian Laurus nobilis (Lauraceae) essential oils
Authors: MKADDEM GUEDRI Mounira , ROMDHANE Mehrez , LEBRIHI Ahmed , MATHIEU Florence , BOUAJILA Jalloul 
Published: December 2020

Essential oil (EO) of Laurus nobilis, from Tunisian, France and Austrian were screened for their chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and compared. GC-MS analysis showed that leaves of Tunisian L. nobilis had camphor (34.43%), 1,8-cineole (20.21%) and α-terpineol (7%) as major components. France and Austrian EOs had a high content of 1,8-cineole (45.8% and 43.4%, respectively) followed by bornyl acetate (13.8% and 17.7% respectively) and methyl eugenol (7.7% and 10.9% respectively). Antioxidant potential was measured by ABTS and DPPH tests. Tunisian L. nobilis EO showed greater radical scavenging by ABTS activity (IC50=44.8±0.1 mg/L) than the France and Austrian EOs (76.4±3.2 mg/L and 81.4±4.0 mg/L, respectively). However, for DPPH test system, French and Austrian EOs activities were excellent (IC50=176.1±5.1 mg/L and 236.3±2.9 mg/L respectively) then Tunisian L. nobilis EO (IC50=2859.7±99.0 mg/L). A good Antimicrobial activity was observed on the yeasts and fungi for all EOs. Tunisian laurel EO show a better antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonial, E. coli and Salmonella enterica CMI: 0.004 mg/ml) than gram-positive ones (Bacilus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes CMI: 0.01 mg/ml). A significant antifungal activity of Tunisian EO was also observed against fungi and yeasts species (CMI: 0.004 mg/ml). France essential oil shows better activities against all organisms tested wail Austrian oil activity is more important against yeasts species tested and Mucor ramannianus (fungi). Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Tunisian L. nobilis essential oil, were different from that of France and Austrian and it give the opportunity for its uses in new pharmaceuticals and natural therapies of infectious diseases.
DESIGN OF THE TAJUR KAHURIPAN TOURISM VILLAGE IN PURWAKARTA DISTRICT, WEST JAVA PROVINCE WITH THE INSPIRATION SUNDANESE TRADITIONAL OF ARCHITECTURE
Authors: NURYANTO NURYANTO NURYANTO , Surasetja Irawan , Ahdiat Dadang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract – Research PPKBK 2014 (phase II) as acontinuation of the previous. The research focus is the planning and design of the tourism village of Kampung Tajur Kahuripan. This research into the link between the desire of the Government of Purwakarta Regency Village Tajur Kahuripan plans to develop into a tourist village in West Java support the Visit Year and Visit Indonesia Year 2014-2015. This research aims to make the planning and design of the tourist village based Sundanese Traditional of Architecture. Research sites in Kampung Tajur Kahuripan Bojong District of Purwakarta. Research method using descriptive-qualitative approach, by observing and exploring the potential of Kampung Tajur Kahuripan and communities to provide inputin the planning and designing tourist village. These results have two important formulas, namely: (1) Planning tourist village which includes: master plan, site plan which involves a series of provision of facilities for tourists, development potential, zoning functions, as well as reforestation; (2) The design of the tourist village which include: the design of the building occupants and visitors typology based on Sundanese Traditional of Architecture, such as: imah panggung, leuit, saung lisung, bale sarwaguna, homestay, and so forth. The shape of the roof of the building which includes: julang ngapak, jolopong, capit gunting, sontog, badak heuay, and tagog anjing. The concept of planning and design of Village Tourism of Tajur Kahuripan with the inspiration Sundanese Traditional of Architectural. Social and cultural life of the community is an important factoras an attraction for tourists, such as: the process of working the fields, the attitude of mutual cooperation, protecting the environment, tolerance between people, traditional arts, as well as atraditional ceremonies implementation life cycle. Keywords – tourism village, inspiration, planning-design, attraction, facilities
Levantamento clínico-epidemiológico de acidentes escorpiônicos na região de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil.
Authors: Paula Lucas Guilherme Gomide de , Moreira Gisela Cipullo , Castiglioni Lilian , Mendes Carlos Alberto Caldeira 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O escorpionismo configura importante e crescente problema de saúde pública no Brasil, sendo o principal causador de acidentes por animais peçonhentos. A espécie Tityus serrulatus (escorpião-amarelo) já foi largamente associada a maior gravidade dos casos em decorrência da toxicidade de seu veneno. No estado de São Paulo, em 2016, foram notificados 91.476 acidentes e 10 óbitos, sendo este o estado com a segunda maior quantidade de picadas. Objetivo: Realizar o levantamento clínico-epidemiológico dos acidentes escorpiônicos na região de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2010 a 2016. Métodos: Análise de prontuários dos pacientes atendidos pelo Centro de Assistência Toxicológica (CEATOX-21) do complexo Hospital de Base/Hospital da Criança e Maternidade (HB/HCM), de 2010 a 2016. Resultados: Observou-se um aumento de 111% no número de atendimentos por picadas de escorpião em 2016 com relação a 2010. A maioria das picadas ocorreu na própria residência do paciente (82%), em homens (54,9%), entre 24 e 60 anos de idade (24,9%). Em 29,11% dos casos, os pacientes eram menores de 12 anos – grupo associado a maior gravidade. As cidades com maior número de eventos foram São José do Rio Preto (36,8%); Mirassol (5,31%); e Nova Granada (4,31%). As solicitações de avaliação pelo CEATOX foram originadas principalmente pelo complexo HB/HCM (47,5%), seguido por 18,55% de hospitais particulares, 14,9% de serviços de urgência e emergência e 10,5% de hospitais filantrópicos/públicos/centros de saúde. O total de casos moderados e graves foi 20,7%, sendo a espécie T. serrulatus o responsável por ocasionar a imensa maioria dos acidentes por escorpiões peçonhentos na região. Conclusão: O escorpionismo apresenta crescimento importante durante o tempo analisado, em especial da espécie Tityus serrulatus. Em razão da manifestação clínica diversa e mutável, há a necessidade de avaliação constante dos pacientes picados para correta indicação de soroterapia.
Selling a Story: A Case Study of Five Book Covers for Victor Pelevin’s Generation “P”
Authors: Carlström Malin Podlevskikh 
Published: December 2020

In this article, book-cover design is studied in relation to translation and marketing. The discussion is centered on a case study of the Russian, British, American, Danish, and Norwegian editions of Victor Pelevin’s Generation “P” (Babylon in the U.K. and Homo Zapiens in the U.S.). The analysis of the book covers focuses on marketing strategy and argues that the cover of a translation affects how a novel is read and understood in the target culture.
Introduction of 5G as a Next-generation Mobile Network
Authors: Amin Ruhul 
Published: December 2020

5G aren't just about significantly improving network connectivity. It's a next-generation mobile network that promises to be a game changer in the way we live. The true breakthrough of 5G is the capacity of up to 1,000 5G connected devices per person. It covers all 7 billion people worldwide. One of the great expectations for the future is that not only will all humans be connected to the Internet, but most items of our lives will also be connected. With 5G, coverage will be improved, capacity will be increased, latency will be reduced, and data speed will significantly improve. Future 5G solutions will outperform current 4G mobile networks in several ways. Significant improvements in device density, transfer speeds and latencies, and a 90% reduction in power consumption are just a few of the 5G goals.
On the other hand, the harmful effects of frequency radiation have already been proven. Even before 5G was proposed, dozens of petitions and appeals by international scientists, including the Flyberger appeal signed by more than 3,000 doctors, stopped the expansion of wireless technology and made new base stations. Requested a moratorium. Negative microbiological effects have also been recorded. Government regulators will consider deploying 5G, especially with the additional infrastructure needed to expand their networks. 5G deployments need to address both standard and advanced cybersecurity threats. It is the responsibility of the carrier and network consortium to provide customers with digital safety nets, except that customer complacency can be an issue as well.
СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИКИ ОЦІНЮВАННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ ДИСКУРС
Authors: Медведь Яна 
Published: December 2020

Досліджено питання природи спроможності до конкуренції національних економік і макроекономічних суб’єктів, яким чином здійснюються вимірювання конкурентоспроможності різних учасників діяльності та які сучасні методи дозволяють оцінити спроможність до конкуренції між різними одиницями діяльності в геоекономічній діяльності.
Розглянуто феномен конкурентоспроможності, яким чином вона формується на різних рівнях фінансово-економічної діяльності, як відбулася зміна способів дослідження наукових аспектів здатності до конкуренції від появи перших економічних робіт до сучасних систем оцінювання від провідних наукових і фінансових інститутів.
Дослідження сучасних методик оцінювання конкурентоспроможності стосувалося трьох найбільш впливових світових агенцій та інститутів — Світовий економічний форум, Світовий Банк і Міжнародний інститут розвитку менеджменту. Кожна із зазначених інституцій вивчає національні економіки за власними розробленими критеріями, до складу яких входять як неекономічні фактори (політичний вплив, соціальні проблеми, стан законодавства), так і фінансово-економічні параметри (показники боргу, стан форфейтингових і кредитних послуг, вплив діяльності держави).
Вивчення та аналіз сучасних методик оцінювання конкурентоспроможності від міжнародних агенцій дозволяє враховувати всі фактори економічної діяльності конкретної держави, брати до уваги всі аспекти ефективної діяльності країни з усіма перевагами і недоліками, що призводять до певної оцінки в рейтингу конкурентоспроможності між державами.