bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Ag‐photodeposited TiO2/cordierite honeycomb monolith photoreactors for 2‐naphthol degradation
Authors: Vo Ngoc‐Quoc‐Duy , Huynh Ngoc‐Diem‐Trinh , Le Minh‐Vien , Vo Kieu‐Duyen , Vo Dai‐Viet N 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives have harmful effects on organisms and the environment. As a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 2‐naphthol is a persistent, highly toxic organic pollutant that biodegrades very slowly and thus its elimination is of high priority.RESULTSAg‐deposited TiO2/cordierite honeycomb monoliths (CHMs) have been successfully applied to the photocatalytic degradation of 2‐naphthol. The physical properties of the catalyst were characterized using various techniques. Deposition of metallic silver on a thin layer of TiO2 adhering to the inner walls of the CHM reduces the bandgap energy and lowers the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes. The optimal photocatalyst (0.4Ag‐deposited S700‐ST) exhibits a first‐order degradation rate of k = 0.048 min−1 with 91.0% decomposition of 2‐naphthol after 240 min of irradiation with 12 W, 395 nm LED light. The 0.4Ag‐deposited S700‐ST material is stable throughout four photocatalytic reaction cycles.CONCLUSIONSThe work presented describes the development of a robust, stable TiO2‐coated CHM that overcomes the recovery drawbacks of nano‐TiO2‐based slurries in photocatalytic wastewater treatment. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Lung ultrasound as a tool to guide respiratory physiotherapy
Authors: Vieira Rui , Segura‐Grau Elena , Magalhães Juliana , dos Santos Joseph , Patrão Luís 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLung ultrasound (LUS) is becoming an invaluable tool in the management of critically ill patients. We report two cases showing the importance of LUS as a guide to optimize respiratory physiotherapy in the intensive care unit, allowing a successful lung donation process and to redirect the physiotherapist's approach. The use of LUS requires an adequate training but it is becoming an important tool in management algorithms for critically ill patients.
Cell lineage tracing and functional assessment of supraspinatus tendon healing in an acute repair murine model
Authors: Moser Helen L. , Abraham Adam C. , Howell Kristen , Laudier Damien , Zumstein Matthias A. , Galatz Leesa M. , Huang Alice H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRotator cuff supraspinatus tendon injuries are common with high rates of anatomic failure after surgical repair. The purpose of the study was to define clinically relevant features of a mouse model of supraspinatus tendon injury to determine painful, functional, and structural outcomes; we further investigated two cell populations mediating healing using genetic lineage tracing after full detachment and repair of the supraspinatus tendon in mice. The pain was assessed using the mouse grimace scale and function by gait analysis and tensile testing. Histological and microCT analyses were used to determine enthesis/tendon and bone structure, respectively. Lineage tracing was carried out using inducible Cre lines for ScxCreERT2 (tendon cells) and αSMACreERT2 (myofibroblasts and mesenchymal progenitors). Mice only expressed pain transiently after surgery despite long‐term impairment of functional and structural properties. Gait, tensile mechanical properties, and bone properties were significantly reduced after injury and repair. Lineage tracing showed relatively few Scx

lin
tendon cells while αSMA

lin
cells contributed strongly to scar formation. Despite surgical reattachment of healthy tendon, lineage tracing revealed poor preservation of supraspinatus tendon after acute injury and loss of tendon structure, suggesting that tendon degeneration is also a key impediment of successful rotator cuff repair. Scar formation after surgery is mediated largely by αSMA

lin
cells and results in permanently reduced functional and structural properties.
A Spore‐Forming Probiotic Supplement Improves the Intestinal Immune Response and Protects the Intestinal Health During Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Colonization in Mice
Authors: Ramezani Kapourchali Fatemeh , Glueck Bryan , Han Yingchun , Shapiro David , Fulmer Clifton G. , Cresci Gail A. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAround 15%–30% of patients develop recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) as conventional therapies disrupt protective gut microbiota. We tested if supplementation with a spore‐forming probiotic would
protect intestinal health in a mouse model of recurrent CD colonization.MethodsMethods: Female CF‐1 mice were exposed to CD spores (4‐log10 colony‐forming units/10 μL) and then randomly assigned to receive either saline (CD‐S) or probiotic (CD‐PRO). Control mice received only saline (control). Following confirmation of initial CD colonization, mice were treated with vancomycin (10 days). After 5 days, mice recolonized with CD were treated again with vancomycin (10 days) and euthanized 5 days later. Fecal samples were collected at select time points for bacterial analysis. Following euthanasia, blood samples, cecum contents, and the intestine were collected for analysis.ResultsProbiotic supplementation mitigated the antibiotic‐induced changes in cecum weight (P < .001). Probiotic‐supplemented mice had increased messenger RNA expression of several immune parameters, accompanied by lower serum iron levels compared with CD‐S mice (P < .05). Lower expressions of TNF α and calprotectin (P ≤ .05) were observed in CD‐PRO mice compared with CD‐S. The probiotics also supported the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins, which were diminished in the proximal colon of CD‐S mice (P < .05).ConclusionMice supplemented with targeted spore‐forming probiotics exhibited improved immune responses and nutrition immunity properties, which were linked with less inflammation and enhanced intestinal barrier proteins during recurrent CD colonization.
Themes of Stressors, Emotional Fatigue, and Communication Challenges Found in Mobile Care Discussion Sessions With Patients Requiring Lifelong Home Parenteral Nutrition Infusions
Authors: Smith Carol E. , Yadrich Donna , Wright Shawna , Ridder Lavonne , Werkowitch Marilyn , Bruce Amanda , Bonar Jaime Rachelle M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this article is to examine themes and topics that emerged from 35 discussion sessions with teens and young adults requiring long‐term home parenteral nutrition (HPN) intravenous infusions. The goal was to gain a more detailed understanding of participants’ challenges and successes of living with HPN.MethodsThese patients were invited to attend 3 discussion group sessions facilitated by health professionals. A secure iPad Mini was selected as the mobile tablet device for hosting these encrypted audio‐visual group discussions. Content analysis, a standard research data‐sorting technique, was used to summarize the anonymous data. Words, phrases, and topics in patients’ discussions were coded and grouped together with similar concepts and subsequently categorized into themes.ResultsThemes in these discussions were related to patients’ daily, complex management of HPN. These “themes” included having multiple repetitive illness‐related stressors and how those stressors were managed; managing emotions; communication challenges with professionals, family, friends, and using social media; and lastly, the least frequent but no less important theme discussed was how HPN effects their daily lives.ConclusionTeens and young adults living with lifelong HPN face a variety of unique psychological, physical, and emotional stressors and may benefit from numerous methods for managing these challenges.
First record of the Eurasian jaguar in southern Asia and a review of dental differences between pantherine cats
Authors: Jiangzuo Qigao , Liu Jinyi 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTFelid material from the middle Early Pleistocene Haro River quarry, northern Pakistan, is described. Most of the material is referred to the Eurasian jaguar, Panthera gombaszogensis georgica, representing the first record of the jaguar in southern Asia. A systematic review of dental morphology of all living species of Pantherinae is made to provide a better background for studying the evolution of pantherine cats. A renewed dispersal scenario of the jaguar in Eurasia is provided. Panthera gombaszogensis georgica is suggested to be a distinct subspecies distributed in central, western and southern Asia during the Early Pleistocene, characterized by relatively small body size and slender dentition. The Eurasian jaguar does not possess the derived dental characters of the living jaguar Panthera onca (e.g. weak or no canine vertical groove, robust premolars), and presumably did not specialize on hard‐shelled prey, and therefore should be viewed as a distinct species from the living P. onca. Two additional felids from the Haro River Quarry, the large sabre‐toothed felid? Megantereon sp. and a small undetermined feline, are also reported. The Felidae faunal composition of southern Asia during the Early Pleistocene is generally similar to that of northern Eurasia, and the paleoenvironment is probably slightly more closed.
Rapid characterization the chemical constituents of Bergenia purpurascens and explore potential mechanism in treating osteoarthritis by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry combined with network pharmacology
Authors: Qu Yuxia , Zhang Chenning , Liu Runhua , Wu Hao , Sun Yu , Zhang Na , Nima Ciren , Danpei Quzeng , Zhang Shuofeng , Sun Yikun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn recent years, direct and indirect evidence has been found of the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine Bergenia purpurascens in treating arthritis and osteoarthritis. Several major components, such as bergenin and 11‐O‐galloylbergenin, have good anti‐inflammatory activity. Since research on the chemical components of Bergenia purpurascens and related mechanisms for the treatment of osteoarthritis has never been performed, this study aimed to analyze the chemical components of Bergenia purpurascens through ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry technology and the UNIFI screening platform to predict the underlying mechanisms in treating osteoarthritis by analyzing the network pharmacology. In total, 43 chemical constituents were identified, mainly flavonoids (18), phenolic glycosides (13), and organic acids (7). Among them, 16 components were found in Bergenia purpurascens for the first time. Through the analysis of network pharmacology, several potential candidate targets and pathways were initially predicted, including AKT1, MAPK1, and MAPK3, as well as the apoptosis, estrogen, and MAPK signaling pathways. Bergenin, 11‐O‐galloylbergenin, arbutin, catechin‐3‐O‐gallate, and other components play a synergistic role in treating osteoarthritis. This study analyzed the chemical components of Bergenia purpurascens and preliminarily revealed potential mechanisms of treating osteoarthritis, providing a basis for further evaluating the drug's efficacy.
Behavior and Movement of Wild Turkey Broods
Authors: Chamberlain Michael J. , Cohen Bradley S. , Bakner Nicholas W. , Collier Bret A. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTBehavioral and movement ecology of broods are among the most poorly understood aspects of wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) reproductive ecology. Recent declines in wild turkey productivity throughout the southeastern United States necessitate comprehensive evaluations of brood ecology across multiple spatial scales. We captured and marked 408 female wild turkeys with global positioning system (GPS)‐transmitters across 9 pine (Pinusspp.)‐dominated study sites in the southeastern United States during 2014–2019. We evaluated various aspects of the behavioral and movement ecology of 94 brood‐rearing females until brood failure or 28 days after hatch (i.e., when poults are classified as juveniles). We found that 34 (36.2%) females had broods (≥1 poult) survive to 28 days after hatch. Broods moved >500 m away from nest sites the day after hatching, and then moved progressively farther away from nest sites over time. Daily movements increased markedly the first 3 days after hatching, and broods moved >1,000 m/day on average thereafter. Females roosted broods an average of 202 m away from nest sites the first night after hatching, but distances between consecutive ground or tree roosts were variable thereafter. Daily core areas increased from 0.8 ha the day of hatch to 4.6 ha by day 28, and range sizes increased from 6.9 ha to 27.9 ha by day 28. Broods tended to consistently select open land cover types, whereas selection for other land cover types varied temporally after hatch day. Broods spent 89% of their time foraging. Predicted daily survival for broods decreased rapidly with increasing distance moved during the initial 3 days after hatching and showed less variation during the subsequent 2 weeks post‐hatch. Our findings parallel previous researchers noting that the most critical period for brood survival is the first week after hatch day. Previous researchers have attempted to identify vegetative communities used by broods under the assumption that these communities are a primary factor influencing brood success; however, our results suggest that brood survival is influenced by behavioral decisions related to movements during early brooding periods. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Vestibular function after cochlear implantation: A test battery and case‐by‐case approach
Authors: Piker Erin G. , Riska Kristal , Garrison Doug , Kaylie David M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the effects of cochlear implantation on the functional integrity of the horizontal semicircular canal using multiple methodologies, and to discuss and highlight the limitations of using isolated vestibular tests to assess vestibular function in surgical ears.MethodsTen cochlear implant patients were consented to undergo a preoperative and 3‐month postoperative vestibular assessment. The horizontal semicircular canal (SCC) was assessed using three different vestibular test measures that assess function using different stimuli and at different frequencies ranges: caloric testing, sinusoidal harmonic acceleration testing in the rotary chair, and video head impulse testing in the plane of the horizontal SCC. Data was analyzed using different methods: descriptive, statistical, and by an examination of individual case studies.ResultsEach analysis method yielded a different interpretation. Statistical analysis showed no significant group mean differences between baseline pre‐op vestibular test results and 3‐month post‐op vestibular test results. Descriptive analysis showed 30% of individuals presented with postoperative abnormal vestibular testing findings. A case study examination showed that only one patient presented with a post‐op decrease in vestibular function in the implanted ear.ConclusionsThere are several limitations of conventional vestibular testing in postsurgical cochlear implant patients. A test‐battery approach, including case history, and test interpretation made on a case‐by‐case basis is needed to determine whether the patient has undergone vestibular damage, is at risk for falling, or in need of further management.Level of Evidence2b individual cohort study.
Hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1β suppresses the stemness and migration of colorectal cancer cells through promoting miR‐200b activity
Authors: Wang Yuhui , Wei Chengqiong , Yang Yingying , Luo Ailin , Zhang Xiyang , Zheng Dongxuan , Lu Xi , Zhang Kefeng , Duan Xiaoqun , Xu Xiaotian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe effects of hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs) have been established in various tumors; however, the roles of HNF‐1β in colorectal cancer progression are never been found. In the present study, HNF‐1β expression was initially detected in clinical tissue samples and online datasets and HNF‐1β was found to be highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues. In addition, a positive correlation existed between HNF‐1β expression and the overall survival of patients with colorectal cancer. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that HNF‐1β suppressed the stemness and migration of colorectal cancer cells. Combined with microRNAs (miRNAs) based on transcriptome‐sequencing analysis, mechanistic studies showed that HNF‐1β directly bound to miR‐200b promoter and thus promoted miR‐200b expression, this HNF‐1β/miR‐200b resulted in the downregulation of the expression of miR‐200b downstream effectors. Furthermore, HNF‐1β inhibits the stemness and migration of colorectal cancer cells through miR‐200b. This study reveals a novel HNF‐1β/miR‐200b axis responsible for the stemness of colorectal cancer cells.
V‐band vector mm‐wave signal generation enabled by a dual‐parallel Mach‐Zehnder modulator without precoding and optical filter
Authors: Wang Dongfei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present a novel and simple scheme to generate high‐quality V‐band (50‐75GHz) vector millimeter‐wave (mm‐wave) based on dual‐parallel Mach‐Zehnder modulators (DPMZM) without resorting to adopting optical filter and precoding. By controlling the bias voltage of the DPMZM and phase shift between the two beams of each sub‐MZM, we can obtain a higher frequency optical vector mm‐wave signal. We have discussed the feasibility of this scheme and achieved the generation of V‐band vector mm‐wave with the frequency at 65 GHz by simulation. According to bit‐error‐ratio curves, we can demonstrate the validity of the presented scheme to generate V‐band QPSK/16QAM vector mm‐wave signal.
Fiber curvature sensor based on concave‐heterotypic cascaded fiber Sagnac interferometer
Authors: Ruan Juan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA fiber optical curvature sensor comprising a concave‐heterotypic cascaded fiber structure built into Sagnac loop is demonstrated experimentally. A section of multimode fiber is sandwiched between the single mode fiber and polarization maintaining fiber in order to construct the concave‐heterotypic cascaded fiber structure. The concave structure presented is used to effectively excite guided modes. The spectra of the proposed bending sensor will shift toward long wavelength with curvature. The measured the curvature sensitivity of 11.6 nm/m−1 has been achieved. The proposed curvature sensor characterizes cost‐efficient, simple fabrication process and can be used for health monitoring in civil engineering.
Proximal femur fractures among a medieval Christian population of northern Sudan: prevalence and aetiology
Authors: Ciesielska Joanna A. , Stark Robert J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current paper investigates the prevalence and aetiology of proximal femur fractures in two temporally distinctive groups of medieval Christian Nubia: the monastic community (ca. late 7th to half of 13th c. AD) and a later group of post‐monastic, intrusive interments (ca. 13th c. AD) from Cemetery 2 at Ghazali, northern Sudan. Four cases of proximal femur fractures were identified macroscopically among the skeletal remains of 86 adult individuals and subjected to detailed investigation of underlying aetiology due to the unusual demographic characteristics of the individuals. The proximal femora were subjected to radiographic examination and classification of trauma using the AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) system, and the prevalence of fractures was calculated. Among the 77 adult individuals examined from the Monastic Phase of Cemetery 2, three cases of hip fractures were identified, a prevalence of 3.9%, whereas only one was identified among the nine post‐monastic individuals, which accounts for 11.1% of the total sample. All of the recognized fractures belong to the extracapsular type. Analysis of the mechanisms of fracture in the four studied individuals from Ghazali, despite the relatively young age of male individuals, does not exclude osteoporotic background resulting in stress‐induced fragility trauma. Considering the demographic profile of the deceased and observed comorbidities, it is concluded that sustained fractures were the result of high‐impact injuries connected with demanding physical activity in the harsh Bayuda desert environment.
Nonsacrificial violence at the Huacas de Moche, north coastal Peru
Authors: Gagnon Celeste Marie , Uceda Santiago 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe analysis of traumatic injuries provides bioarchaeologists with unique insight into patterns of violence among past human societies. This analysis explores antemortem and perimortem skeletal trauma and what it suggests about the experiences of violence among the Moche of north coastal Peru (A.D. 200–900). Violence among the Moche has been well documented, both by the Moche themselves in their iconographic communications and through the analysis of the skeletal remains of those they sacrificed. These sources provided us with an incomplete view. What has not been studied are the patterns of traumatic injury that affect those who were not among the sacrificed and what these patterns can tell us about the risk of violence among other Moche dead. To this end, the skeletal remains of 96 individuals interred in the Huacas de Moche site were examined. Excavations at this paramount urban centre have recovered remains from tombs located in two distinct contexts, Huaca de la Luna and the urban sector. Given the material investment made into the construction of Huaca de la Luna and its ritual importance particularly as a space where violence was enacted and memorialized, it is hypothesized that those buried within its precincts would have different lived experiences of skeletal trauma than those buried throughout the urban sector. This work finds that although both groups experienced very little accidental trauma, individuals buried in Huaca de la Luna experienced significantly more trauma resulting from interpersonal violence than did those interred in the urban sector. This may suggest that variation in risk of violence was among the biosocial distinctions that defined these groups.
Artificial Signal Transduction
Authors: Bekus Robert , Schrader Thomas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCommunication between and inside cells as well as their response to external stimuli relies on elaborated systems of signal transduction. They all require a directional transmission across membranes, often realized by primary messenger docking onto external receptor units and subsequent internalization of the signal in form of a released second messenger. This in turn starts a cascade of events which ultimately control all functions of the living cell. Although signal transduction is a fundamental biological process realized by supramolecular recognition and multiplication events with small molecules, chemists have just begun to invent artificial models which allow to study the underlying rules, and one day perhaps to rescue damaged transduction systems in nature. This review summarizes the exciting pioneering efforts of chemists to create simple models for the basic principles of signal transduction across a membrane. It starts with first attempts to establish molecular recognition events on liposomes with embedded receptor amphiphiles and moves on to simple transmembrane signaling across lipid bilayers. More elaborated systems step by step incorporate more elements of cell signaling, such as primary and secondary messenger or a useful cellular response such as cargo release.