bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prohibition of Child pornography: Enhancing Child Protection in Indonesia
Authors: Prameswari Zendy Wulan Ayu Widhi 
Published: September 2020

As many other countries in the world, Indonesia has serious problems with child pornography. The problems linked with the child pornography exist in Indonesia, involving both male and female children. In 2008, Law Number 44/2008 on Pornography was enacted. With regard to the widespread distribution and accessibility of child pornography through the Internet, Indonesia also has Law Number 11/2008 and its revision on Electronic Information and Transaction. At the international level, Indonesia has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Furthermore, in 2012, Indonesia ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OPSC). However, based on data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia/KPAI) from 2011 to 2016 there were 1709 cases of child pornography and cybercrime. The cases of child pornography are still increasing and seems impossible to stop. This paper will scrutinize how the existing Indonesian law concerning prohibition of child pornography protects the children. It will also examine whether the law are in compliance with the OPSC. This paper is a doctrinal research using statute, conceptual and comparative approaches. The existing Indonesian law will be compared with the OPSC. The study will show some of the compatibility issues of Indonesian respective national law with the OPSC. On the basis of the findings, the last part of the study will provide recommendations on how Indonesia shall enhance the fight against child pornography.
Micro/Nano Bubble Technology : Characteristics and Implications Biology Performance of Koi Cyprinus carpio in Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS)
Authors: Saputra Henry Kasmanhadi , Nirmala Kukuh , Supriyono Eddy , Rochman Nurul Taufiqu 
Published: September 2020

Technology for aquaculture is growing with the high demand of fish. Micro / nano bubble is one of technology that is developed to increase dissolved oxygen in water. This technology is used to increase Koi fish production in high density via RAS. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of micro / nano bubble technology and its effect on biology of koi fish (Cyprinus carpio). Lutor was used to introduce micro / nano bubble in the fish tank by using fish length (e.g. 7.49 ± 0.29 cm). This research used completely randomized design with one factor (fish density) and three replications. This factor was three densities of fish at 15 fish.60 L-1 (A), 30 fish.60 L -1 (B), and 45 fish. 60 L -1 (C). The result showed that there was the absolute length of each treatments was (0.52 ± 0.03a) cm for A, treatment B (0.36 ± 0.07ab) cm and C treatment (0.29 ± 0.08b) cm. The best treatment is A treatment (15 fish. 60 L -1) and different significant in statistic with C treatment (45 fish. 60 L-1) but not significant in statistic with B treatment (30 fish.­ 60 L -1).
Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Pada Olahraga Permainan Bolatangan
Authors: Rahayu Rochmat , Subroto Toto , Budiman Didin 
Published: September 2020

Peer teaching adalah sebuah model pembelajaran yang dapat mengembangkan aspek afektif seperti kerjasama, komunikasi dan mengembangkan rasa percaya diri sehingga Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar siswa dapat meningkat. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peningkatan Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar (JWAB) dalam pembelajaran bolatangan dengan menerapkan medel pembelajaran Peer Teaching. Metode menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), di SMA AL-Musyawarah Lembang, dengan sampel 33 orang dan terdiri dari 14 siswa putra dan 19 siswa putri. Hasil penelitian secara umum menunjukan siswa bergerak secara aktif sehingga meningkatkan Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar (JWAB) yang ditunjukan dari motivasi tinggi pada saat terlibat dalam pembelajaran permainan bolatangan. Tutor dan siswa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Kesimpulan penelitian bahwa model peer Teaching dapat gunakan pada pembelajaran bolatangan, karena secara bertahap dapat meningkatkan nilai kerjasama, komunikasi, menyampaikan informasi dan mengembangkan rasa percaya diri sehingga Jumlah Waktu Aktif Belajar (JWAB) sebagai indikator bahwa siswa terlibat secara aktif selama pembelajaran juga meningkat.
Analisis Tingkat Daya Tahan Aerobik Pada Atlet Futsal Putri AFKAB Indramayu
Authors: Kharisma Yudhi , Mubarok M. Zakky 
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini hendak mengkaji mengenai tingkat kondisi fisik pada atlet futsal putri AFKAB Indramayu tahun 2019. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode survei dan teknik pengumpulan datanya menggunakan tes dan pengukuran, sehingga memberikan gambaran mengenai apa yang akan diteliti berupa angka-angka dan diukur secara pasti. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah atlet futsal puteri AFKAB Indramayu yang berjumlah 20 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes kondisi fisik yakni tes multistage fitness atau tes lari multi tahap mengacu pada tes pengukuran Ismaryati (2008 : 86). Berdasarkan data penelitian futsal puteri AFKAB Indramayu yang berjumlah 20 atlet dengan menggunakan Tes Multi Tahap dari Ismaryati (2008 : 87). Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 30.94 dan Standar Deviasi ( simpangan baku ) sebesar 5.28. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan bahwa tingkat kondisi fisik dengan menggunakan Tes Multi Tahap masuk kategori sangat baik sebanyak 0 atlet, 1 atlet masuk kategori baik, 6 atlet kategori sedang, 11 atlet masuk kategori kurang dan sisanya 2 atlet masuk kategori sangat kurang. Prosentase tersebut terdapat 10% kategori sangat kurang, 55% kurang, 30% sedang, 5% baik dan 0% sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat Kondisi fisik futsal puteri AFKAB Indramayu dalam kategori Kurang
Using Real-Time PCR to Investigate Some of Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from ewe Mastitis cases in Nineveh province
Authors: Albanna Ayman Mohamed Jaber , Al-Layla Aseel A. H. 
Published: September 2020

In this study, from a total of 856 mastitis cases in lactating ewes, only 34 Streptococcus agalactiae isolates showed various types of resistance to three types of antibiotics (Penicillin, Erythromycin and Tetracycline). St. agalactiae isolates were identified according to the standard methods, including a new suggested technique called specific Chromogenic agar. It was found that antibiotic bacterial resistance was clearly identified by using MIC-microplate assay (dilution method). Also, by real-time PCR technique, it was determined that there were three antibiotics genes resistance ( pbp2b, tetO and mefA ). The high percentage of isolate carried of a single gene which was the Tetracycline (20.59%) followed by percentage Penicillin was (17.65%) and the lowest was in Erythromycin (11.77%). However, there were many isolates that carried two genes of antibiotics resistance represented by Penicillin and Erythromycin with collective present of 38.22%, and for the Penicillin and Tetracycline, the percentage was found to be 11.77%. In contrast, no common gene with two antibiotics (Erythromycin and Tetracycline) was detected. On the other hand, it was found that no bacterial sharing with three kinds of antibiotic resistance genes ( pbp2b, tetO and mefA ). This study has revealed that the St. agalactiae isolates did induce recurrent mastitis in lactating Iraqi's ewes.
Evaluation of Different Nitrogen Management on Yield and Some of the Yield Components of Rice (Shiroudi cultivar)
Authors: Modiri Elham , Barari Tari Davood , Amiri Ebrahim , Nicknejad Yousof , Fallah Hormoz 
Published: September 2020

Nitrogen (N) is a key growth and yield-limiting factor in cultivated rice areas. This study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of different conditions of N application on rice yield and yield components (Shiroudi cultivar) in Babol (Mazandaran, Iran) during the 2015- 2016 season. A factorial experiment executed of a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) used in three iterations. In the first factor, treatments were four N amounts (including 50, 90, 130, and 170 kg N ha-1), while in the second factor, the treatments consisted of four different fertilizer splitting methods, including T1:70 % at the basal stage + 30 % at the maximum tillering stage, T2:1/3 at the basal stage + 1/3 at the maximum tillering stage + 1/3 at the panicle initiation, T3: 25 % at the basal stage + 50 % at the maximum tillering stage + 25 % at the panicle initiation, and T4: 25 % at the basal stage + 25 % at the maximum tillering stage + 50 % at the panicle initiation. The results illustrate only the number of panicles (m2) which was significantly impacted by the year (at the CI of 0.99). Different levels of N had effects on the panicle length, the percentage of filled grain (PFG), whole grain in a plant, and yield (at the CI of 0.95). The panicle length, the PFG, and yield were also significantly affected by different methods of N splitting (at the P-v of 0.01). The interaction of N amount × N splitting had a significant effect on the panicle length, the PFG, and yield (at the CI of 0.95). In general, the most significant impact on the panicle length, the number of panicles (m2), the whole plant's grain, and yield observed after using 130 kg N ha-1. Besides, T3 showed the most notable effect on all the studied indices except for the panicle length.
EX-SITU Characterization of Luffa aegyptaica in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Ani Emmanuel , Adekunle A. A. , Aboluwade James B. , Ibrahim Olayide 
Published: September 2020

Luffa aegyptiaca is a plant of multi-purpose importance whose usefulness cuts across virtually all areas of life. This study has characterized L. aegyptiaca in Lagos state and determined the mineral, proximate, phytochemical as well as the heavy metal accumulation potential. Samples were collected from the 20 Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Lagos state at 2 samples per location. Genetic similarity and intra-specific variation in 40 samples of L. aegyptiaca were determined using 3 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers which yielded a total of 42 markers of which 25 was polymorphic. The maximum number of bands (14) was produced by OPC4 while the minimum (7) were produced by OPAF20. Percentage polymorphisms were 70% (OPAF20), 82.4% (OPC4) and 68.4% (OPC6) with an average value of 73.6%. The result from a genetic diversity study was scored to generate a dendrogram using NTsys (2.0j). Phytochemical, proximate, Mineral and the heavy metal study showed the presence of Flavonoid, Saponin; Carbohydrate, protein; Sodium (Na), Calcium (Ca) and Chromium, Iron, Copper, Zinc, Lead among others. The nutritional composition and the potentials of the RAPD marker in distinguishing intra-specific variation in Luffa aegyptiaca were highlighted in this study.
Improved throughput of Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) processor implementation over Koblitz curve k-163 on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)
Authors: Tawfeeq Firas Ghanim , Abdul-Hadi Alaa M. 
Published: September 2020

The widespread use of the Internet of things (IoT) in different aspects of an individual’s life like banking, wireless intelligent devices and smartphones has led to new security and performance challenges under restricted resources. The Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) is the most suitable choice for the environments due to the smaller size of the encryption key and changeable security related parameters. However, major performance metrics such as area, power, latency and throughput are still customisable and based on the design requirements of the device.
The present paper puts forward an enhancement for the throughput performance metric by proposing a more efficient design for the hardware implementation of ECDSA. The design raised the throughput to 0.08207 Mbit/s, leading to an increase of 6.95% from the existing design. It also includes the design and implementation of the Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) module. The present work is based on a 163-bit key-size over Koblitz curve k-163 and secure hash function SHA-1. A serial module for the underlying modular layer, high-speed architecture of Koblitz point addition and Koblitz point multiplication have been considered in this work, in addition to utilising the carry-save-multiplier, modular adder-subtractor and Extended Euclidean module for ECDSA protocols. All modules are designed using VHDL and implemented on the platform Virtex5 xc5vlx155t-3ff1738. Signature generation requires 0.55360ms, while its validation consumes 1.10947288ms. Thus, the total time required to complete both processes is equal to 1.66ms and the maximum frequency is approximately 83.477MHZ, consuming a power of 99mW with the efficiency approaching 3.39 * 10-6.
The Suggested Reciprocal Relationship between Maximum, Minimum and Optimum Usable Frequency Parameters Over Iraqi Zone
Authors: Hadi Khalid Abdul-Kareem , Abdulkareem Marwa D. 
Published: September 2020

In this work, the relationship between the ionospheric parameters (Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF), Lowest Usable Frequency (LUF) and Optimum working Frequency (OWF)) has been studied for the ionosphere layer over the Iraqi zone. The capital Baghdad (44.42oE, 33.32oN) has been selected to represent the transmitter station and many other cities that spread over Iraqi region have represented as receiver stations. The REC533 communication model considered as one of the modern radio broadcasting version of ITU has been used to calculate the LUF parameter, while the MUF and OWF ionospheric parameters have been generated using ASAPS international communication model which represents one of the most advanced and accurate HF sky wave propagation models. The study has been conducted for the annual and seasonal time periods of the years (2009 and 2014) of the solar cycle 24. The results of the seasonal and annual tests have indicated that the interrelationship between the MUF and OWF with LUF was a fourth order polynomial equation, while the reciprocal relationship between the MUF and OWF was a simple relationship that could be represented by a linear regression equation. The reciprocal relationships between MUF, LUF and OWF parameters (present values) have shown a good fitting with the data generated using the international models (predicted values) and theoretical values calculated from the criterion equation.
A Proposed Analytical Method for Solving Fuzzy Linear Initial Value Problems
Authors: Haydar Amal khalaf 
Published: September 2020

In this article, we aim to define a universal set consisting of the subscripts of the fuzzy differential equation (5) except the two elements and , subsets of that universal set are defined according to certain conditions. Then, we use the constructed universal set with its subsets for suggesting an analytical method which facilitates solving fuzzy initial value problems of any order by using the strongly generalized H-differentiability. Also, valid sets with graphs for solutions of fuzzy initial value problems of higher orders are found.
Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for high-normal blood pressure: study protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Wang Yu , Shi Guang-Xia , Tian Zhong-Xue , Liu Jun-Hong , Qi You-Sheng , Tu Jian-Feng , Yang Jing-Wen , Wang Li-Qiong , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:High-normal blood pressure (BP) is associated with increased all-cause, cardiovascular mortality and frequently progresses to hypertension. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) might be a non-pharmaceutical therapy option to control BP. This trial aims to determine the efficacy effectiveness and safety of TEAS combined with lifestyle modification for high-normal BP. Methods/design:This prospective, randomized and parallel clinical trial will be conducted in a community service center in China. Sixty participants with high-normal BP will be randomly allocated to receive TEAS plus lifestyle modification (intervention group) or lifestyle modification alone (control group) in a 1:1 ratio. In addition to lifestyle modification, the intervention group will receive TEAS at four acupoints for 30 minutes, 4 times weekly for 12 weeks for a total of 48 sessions at home. The control group will receive same lifestyle modification but no TEAS. The primary outcome will be the change in mean systolic blood pressure at 12-week from the baseline measurement. Secondary outcomes include the change of mean diastolic blood pressure, proportion of subjects with progression to hypertension, quality of life, physical activity, body mass index and waist circumference. Adverse events during the trial will be monitored.Discussion:This trial will explore the feasibility and provide potential evidence for the efficacy effectiveness and safety of TEAS plus lifestyle modification for high-normal BP. Furthermore, this pilot trial is being undertaken to determine the feasibility of a full scale definitive randomized controlled trial. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR 1900024982. Registered on August 6, 2019.
An Integrated Breathlessness Service Program in an Ambulatory Hospice Center- Sharing of Local Experience and Clinical Results
Authors: Leung Carmen Wai Lim , Wong Kam Hung , Kwok YL Irene , Leung WM , Chan WC , Wan Sally , Tse Tiffany , Yeung PS , Wong Harry , Huang Joe 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:To improve patients’ breathlessness and relieve their distress and anxiety. Methods:PROACTIVE group targets the lung cancer patients without significant breathlessness. These high-risk patients with their families will have proactive education on the measures for self-management on breathlessness so as to reduce its impact in due course. Patient’s self- efficacy in mastering breathlessness are related to their predominant place of care at their last 6 months of life, their frequency of unplanned hospital admission and emergency unit attendance for the management of breathlessness.THERAPEUTIC group recruits those cancer patients with significant breathlessness. The patient will have an Individual Comprehensive Breathlessness Assessment. Personalized pharmacological and non-pharmacological Interventions will be used. The care-givers will be empowered by providing relevant information and training up of their caring skills. Patient’s self-rating symptom control, stress and confident scores were regularly monitored on every visit. The absolute changes of self-rating scores during their disease course were recorded. Results:Total 292 patients have been recruited (Proactive 227; Therapeutic 65) and retrospective analyzed. In the Proactive group, 76.5% patients remained in community as their predominant place of care at their last 6 months of life. Their mean frequencies of unplanned hospital admission and emergency unit attendance per patient are 1.1 and 1.44, respectively (Corresponding local data were 2.5 and 3.4). In the Therapeutic group, 85% patients had moderate to high level breathlessness score at presentation which greatly affects their quality of life {significant emotion stress (34%) and unconfident feeling (50%)}. 78% patients had 3 or less attendances due to their rapid clinical deterioration. The interventions are effective in improving or stabilizing both breathless patient’s physical (44%/26%) and psychological status {emotional stress (17%/46%) and confident score (24%/28%)} despite their disease progressing.Conclusion:This Integrated Breathless Service Program is effective in improving both patients’ physical and psychological status. Adopting a proactive approach can equip the high-risk patients and their care-givers with knowledge and skills for handling breathlessness when in need. Hence this facilitates timely intervention especially when cancer patients tend to deteriorate rapidly that sometimes the therapeutic interventions may not have time to practice.
Identification and characterization of an immunodominant SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cell response
Authors: Gangaev Anastasia , Ketelaars Steven L. C. , Isaeva Olga I , Patiwael Sanne , Dopler Anna , Hoefakker Kelly , Biasi Sara De , Gibellini Lara , Mussini Cristina , Guaraldi Giovanni , Girardis Massimo , Ormeno Cami M. P. Talavera , Hekking Paul J. M. , Lardy Neubury M. , Toebes Mireille , Balderas Robert , Schumacher Ton N. , Ovaa Huib , Cossarizza Andrea , Kvistborg Pia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Global efforts are ongoing to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 causing COVID-19. While there is accumulating information on antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2, less is known about CD8 T-cell recognized SARS-CoV-2 epitopes and the functional state of SARS- CoV-2-specific CD8 T cells. To address these issues, we analyzed samples from 18 COVID- 19 patients for CD8 T-cell recognition of 500 peptide HLA class I complexes, restricted by 10 common HLA alleles. Several epitopes derived from ORF1ab were identified, including an immunodominant epitope restricted by HLA-A*01:01. The immunodominance was further supported by high TCR diversity within the CD8 T cells specific for this epitope. Noteworthy, the ORF1ab is not included in the majority of vaccine candidates in development, which may influence their clinical activity. In-depth characterization of identified SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 T cell responses revealed a lack of cytokine production and a gene expression profile inhibiting T cell re-activation and migration while sustaining cell survival.
Lipidomics Analysis Reveals the Effect of Light Intensity on Lipid Metabolism and Leaf Color in Light-Sensitive Albino Tea Plant (Camellia Sinensis cv. Baijiguan)
Authors: Zhou Zhe , Chen Mingjie , Lin Lin , Chen Zhidan , Wu Quanjin , Sun Weijiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Camellia sinensis cv. Baijiguan is a light-sensitive albino tea germplasm. Under light stress, the development of thylakoid membrane structure is not complete, leading to the white color of leaves. Previous studies have shown that the change of lipid can cause the change of thylakoid membrane structure. However, there is no study on the effect of lipid on the leaf color of light-sensitive albino tea germplasm. Thus, we hypothesized that the changes of lipid composition in Baijiguan could affect the leaf color.Results: In order to understand the mechanisms of its light sensitivity, Baijiguan and Rougui were grown under three different conditions: normal light, shading, shading followed by the resuming of light. The total lipids were isolated from the second leaf， 156 lipid species were identified and analyzed by lipidomics. We found that under normal light condition，the newly-developed leaves showed the yellow color with incomplete development of thylakoid membrane, the defense enzyme activity was maintained at a high level, accelerated degradation of chlorophyll. The ratio of MGDG to DGDG of Baijiguan was lower than that of Rougui which kept normal green leaf color. The shading treatment, reduced the content of MGDG and DGDG; meanwhile chlorophyll accumulated, and the thylakoid membrane formed, the leaves turned into green color. When shade-treated leaves were reexposed to light, the MGDG to DGDG ratio increased significantly, the lipid content decreased significantly, and the albinism emerged again. Conclusion: Our data demonstrated that the effect of light intensity on Baijiguan leaf color was realized by changing the lipid content and components in the leaves, and offered a new insight about the mechanisms of its leaf albinism.