bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of polarization, reorientation, and coupling of dipole on electrocaloric effect in ferroelectrics
Authors: Chen Yong , Chen Ye , Du Yike , Liu Kanghui , Qin Lu , Jiang Chaobin , Cao Wanqiang , Zhao Jiang , Wang Wenfeng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractElectrocaloric effects due to entropy change and dipole coupling upon electric field in second‐order phase transition (tetragonal‐cubic) ferroelectrics are investigated by a three‐dimensional Devonshire's theory and statistic method. In diabatic condition, increase in vibration entropy to heat the ferroelectric is due to decreases in polarization entropy and configuration entropy of dipole reorientation in the specific directions. Coupling effect originated from the reorientation of dipoles accompany with electric hysteresis loop happens in the nearest neighbor dipoles parallel to electric field direction. Numerical simulations exhibit that polarization effect causes electrocaloric peak at the Curie's temperature independent of electric field, reorientation effect of dipole causes a shift of electrocaloric peak to high temperature with electric field, and coupling effect between dipoles gives rise to increase in electrocaloric effect with decreasing temperature. A method to predetermine the excellent electrocaloric effect of ferroelectrics from dielectric and/or polarization experimental results is proposed.
Nanowire‐decorated SiC foam from tissue paper and silicon powder by filter‐pressing
Authors: Wilson Praveen , Vijayan Sujith , Prabhakaran Kuttan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA facile and scalable method for the preparation of low‐density SiC foam from tissue paper and silicon powder is reported. The co‐dispersion of pulp‐containing tissue paper micro‐ribbons and silicon powder is coagulated by adjusting the pH to 3.5. The silicon particles adhere to the tissue paper micro‐ribbons during the coagulation. The coagulated co‐dispersion on filter‐pressing consolidates the silicon particle‐decorated tissue paper micro‐ribbons and orients them perpendicular to the filter‐pressing direction. The filter‐pressed body on drying followed by heat treatment at 1600°C in inert atmosphere produces SiC foam. The tissue paper micro‐ribbons retain their morphology during carbonization as well as high‐temperature reaction with the silicon. The enormous growth of carbon‐rich SiC nanowires is observed on the SiC micro‐ribbons. The random orientation of SiC micro‐ribbons in the X‐Y plane with the hairy nanowires on the surface and their stacking in the Z‐direction produces a porosity of ~94 vol.% with pore sizes in the range of 0.08 to 20 µm. The SiC foam shows a compressive strength and Young's modulus of 0.22 and 5.5 MPa, respectively. The thermal conductivity decreases from 0.11 to 0.07 W m−1 K−1 when temperature increases from 25°C to 350°C.
Balancing health, harmony and hegemony: Parents' goals and strategies in children's food related consumer socialization
Authors: Grønhøj Alice , Gram Malene 
Published: October 2019

AbstractParents play a pivotal role in socializing their children for healthy eating. The objectives of the present study were (1) to identify food socialization outcomes valued by parents, and (2) to study how parents socialize their children for (healthy) eating at home and during food shopping. Including both parents' perceptions of valued food socialization outcomes and associated processes addresses a significant gap in the food socialization literature. The study used semi‐structured, in‐depth interviews with parents of young children. Data were subsequently analysed by interpretive, thematic procedures. The sample consisted of middle‐ to high‐income families from two cities in Denmark. Findings reveal four main food socialization goals valued by parents: (1) Nutrition and Health, (2) Healthy Relationship with Food, (3) Food Assimilation and (4) Self‐Regulation and Autonomy. Parents prioritized children's acquisition of a healthy relationship with food which included preserving family relations and harmony, more than strictly attending a nutritious diet, contrasting the focus on the nutritional value of diet usually emphasised by public health authorities. The study therefore concludes that parents' notions of what constitutes healthy diets for their children is not completely aligned with common nutrition‐oriented recommendations. Also, fathers were found to play a very active role in their children's food‐related consumer socialization. The findings underline the importance of addressing the priorities and strategies of both mothers and fathers when marketers and policy makers target contemporary families regarding children's food socialization.
Dietary and metabolic factors in the pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review
Authors: Choi Franchesca , Lehmer Larisa , Ekelem Chloe , Mesinkovska Natasha A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a systemic recalcitrant inflammatory condition characterized by debilitating lesions with high morbidity. Its known association with obesity and smoking indicate correlation with other environmental factors, such as diet, suggesting a larger role for lifestyle modifications in disease treatment. This study seeks to assess the contribution of weight loss and dietary intake in HS management. A primary literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL in November 2018 to include association and intervention studies on the influence of diet and weight on HS. Twenty‐five articles were included. Meta‐analysis of nine case–control studies across Asia, Europe, and the United States showed that HS patients are four times more likely to be obese compared to the general population; random effects pooled odds ratio 4.022 (2.667–6.065), P < 0.001. Five articles assessed weight‐loss interventions and revealed mixed findings. The remaining articles included three association studies on micronutrient levels, eight dietary intervention studies, and one article analyzing both micronutrient association and dietary intervention. Included articles in this systematic review reveal that low serum zinc and vitamin D levels are associated with increased lesion count in HS. Supplementation of zinc, vitamin D, vitamin B12, or exclusion of dairy or brewer’s yeast can be effective in partial or complete lesion resolution. Reviewed data show that weight loss from bariatric surgery may lead to HS improvement but often results in more severe malnutrition that worsens or even leads to new onset HS post bariatric surgery. Future reporting is needed to conclusively determine the role of diet in HS.
Epidemiology, clinical features, and associated factors in 78 cases of lichen planus on black skin
Authors: Diop Assane , Ly Fatimata , Ndiaye Mame Tene , Seck Birame , El Omari Amal , Diouf Astou , Tajaoui Myriam , Diadie Saer , Ahy Diatta Boubacar , Ndiaye Maodo , Diallo Moussa , Niang Suzanne , Kane Assane , Thierno Dieng Mame 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe pathogenesis of lichen planus (LP) is mostly autoimmune, while psychological and infectious factors are recognized to trigger or aggravate the disease. An association with diabetes is reported. Our objective was to determine the epidemio‐clinical characteristics of LP and its associated factors.MethodsThis multicentric, prospective study was conducted over a 6‐month period. The histopathology was only performed for atypical forms. Patients with a notion of drug intake before the rash were excluded. Anti‐hepatitis C Virus (HCV) antibodies screening was systematical in case of mucosal damage. The data were analyzed using the SPSS IBM 20 software.ResultsThe average age was 38 years. Women represented 84.6% (n = 66) of the studied population. The patients were married in 61.5%. Obesity or overweight status was noted in 41%. A marital or relational conflict was found in 25.6%. History of LP was reported in 24.4% (n = 19). Pruritus was found in 96.2%. The locations were as follows: skin (97.4%), mucous membranes (15.4%), and hair and nails (5.1%). Lesions were diffuse in 56.4%. The clinical forms were as follows: typical (52.6%), erythematosquamous (17%), warty (14.5%), pigmented (14.5%), and blaschkolinear (one case). Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of LP in 91.4%. Blood sugar level was high in one case. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was positive in 3.03%. Anti‐HIV and anti‐HCV antibodies were negative.ConclusionLichen planus is a relatively rare disease in sub‐Saharan Africa and is seen more in adults. The clinical manifestations are polymorphic, but the mucosal damage is rarely isolated.
Effects of high pressure on biochemical properties and structure of myofibrillar protein from Tegillarca granosa
Authors: Lv Mingchun , Tan Beibei , Yang Rong , Xu Anqi , Zhang Jinjie , Xu Dalun , Yang Wenge 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe effects of high‐pressure (HP) treatment parameters (300 MPa for 5 min, 350 MPa for 3 or 5 min and 400 MPa for 1 min) on the biochemical properties and structure of myofibrillar protein (MP) from Tegillarca granosa were investigated. The results showed that HP significantly affected the biochemical properties of MP. Under the HP treatment at 400 MPa for 1 min, the MP extraction yield was reduced from 32.21 to 18.34 mg g−1, and its surface hydrophobicity was increased from 89.29 to 104.69 µg. Ca2+‐ATPase activity of MP decreased from 0.019 to 0.011 µmol (pi) mg−1 (pro) min−1, and both total and reactive sulfhydryl contents significantly declined. Furthermore, HP caused MP to undergo conformational changes. This study provides a reference data for the processing of T. granosa using HP treatment.
Vaccine protection against murid herpesvirus‐4 is maintained when the priming virus lacks known latency genes
Authors: Lawler Clara , Simas João Pedro , Stevenson Philip G 
Published: October 2019

Abstractγ‐Herpesviruses establish latent infections of lymphocytes and drive their proliferation, causing cancers and motivating a search for vaccines. Effective vaccination against murid herpesvirus‐4 (MuHV‐4)‐driven lymphoproliferation by latency‐impaired mutant viruses suggests that lytic access to the latency reservoir is a viable target for control. However, the vaccines retained the immunogenic MuHV‐4 M2 latency gene. Here, a strong reduction in challenge virus load was maintained when the challenge virus lacked the main latency‐associated CD8+ T‐cell epitope of M2, or when the vaccine virus lacked M2 entirely. This protection was maintained also when the vaccine virus lacked both episome maintenance and the genomic region encompassing M1, M2, M3, M4 and ORF4. Therefore, protection did not require immunity to known MuHV‐4 latency genes. As the remaining vaccine virus genes have clear homologs in human γ‐herpesviruses, this approach of deleting viral latency genes could also be applied to them, to generate safe and effective vaccines against human disease.
Functional crosstalk between non‐canonical caspase‐11 and canonical NLRP3 inflammasomes during infection‐mediated inflammation
Authors: Yi Young‐Su 
Published: October 2019

SummaryInflammation is a part of the body's immune response for protection against pathogenic infections and other cellular damages; however, chronic inflammation is a major cause of various diseases. One key step in the inflammatory response is the activation of inflammasomes, intracellular protein complexes comprising pattern recognition receptors and other inflammatory molecules. The role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in inflammatory responses has been extensively investigated; however, the caspase‐11 inflammasome has been recently identified and has been classified as a ‘non‐canonical’ inflammasome, and emerging studies have highlighted its role in inflammatory responses. Because the ligands and the mechanisms for the activation of these two inflammasomes are different, studies to date have separately described their roles, although recent studies have reported the functional cooperation between these two inflammasomes during an inflammatory response. This review discusses the studies investigating the functional crosstalk between non‐canonical caspase‐11 and canonical NLRP3 inflammasomes in the context of inflammatory responses; moreover, it provides insight for the development of novel anti‐inflammatory therapeutics to prevent and treat infectious and inflammatory diseases.
Endosomal toll‐like receptors play a key role in activation of primary human monocytes by cowpea mosaic virus
Authors: Albakri Marwah M. , Veliz Frank A. , Fiering Steven N. , Steinmetz Nicole F. , Sieg Scott F. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe plant virus, cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), has demonstrated a remarkable capacity to induce anti‐tumour immune responses following direct administration into solid tumours. The molecular pathways that account for these effects and the capacity of CPMV to activate human cells are not well defined. Here, we examine the ability of CPMV particles to activate human monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. Monocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures and purified CD14+ monocytes were readily activated by CPMV in vitro, leading to induction of HLA‐DR, CD86, PD‐L1, IL‐15R and CXCL10 expression. Monocytes released chemokines, CXCL10, MIP‐1α and MIP‐1β into cell culture supernatants after incubation with CPMV. DC subsets (pDC and mDC) and monocyte‐derived macrophages also demonstrated evidence of activation after incubation with CPMV. Inhibitors of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), endocytosis or endocytic acidification impaired the capacity of CPMV to activate monocytes. Furthermore, CPMV activation of monocytes was partially blocked by a TLR7/8 antagonist. These data demonstrate that CPMV activates human monocytes in a manner dependent on SYK signalling, endosomal acidification and with an important contribution from TLR7/8 recognition.
Sleep bruxism and oral health‐related quality of life in children: A systematic review
Authors: Rodrigues Jonas Almeida , Azevedo Claudia Britto , Chami Vitória Oliveira , Solano Marjana Patricia , Lenzi Tathiane Larissa 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSleep bruxism (SB) is a masticatory muscle activity during sleep that can cause several consequences to the stomatognathic system. This systematic review investigated the impact of SB on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) of 0‐ to 6‐year‐old children. Literature search was undertaken through PubMed/MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, TRIP, Livivo databases, and grey literature. The search was conducted with no publication year or language limits. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. The quality of evidence was assessed using GRADE. From 185 potentially eligible studies, three were included in the review. All studies were conducted in Brazil, published between 2015 and 2017, and used the B‐ECOHIS instrument to evaluate OHRQoL. Two studies found no association between SB and OHRQoL, whereas one showed a significant negative impact of SB on the OHRQoL of children. SB was associated with respiratory problems, presence of tooth wear, dental caries, malocclusion as well as income and pacifier use. Risk of bias ranged from moderate to high, and the quality of evidence was judged as very low. The evidence is currently insufficient for definitive conclusions about the impact of SB on OHRQoL of children.
Phase transition behavior of Pb(Hf, Sn, Ti, Nb)O3 ceramics at morphotropic phase boundary
Authors: Chao Wenna , Wei Jing , Yang Tongqing , Li Yongxiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe phase transition and dielectric properties of Pb0.988(Hf0.945SnxTi0.03‐xNb0.025)O3 ceramics (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.03, correspondingly abbreviated as H1, H2, H3, and H4) at the morphotropic phase boundary were systematically investigated. X‐ray diffraction results and P‐E hysteresis loops show that the dominate orthorhombic antiferroelectric phase and a small amount of the tetragonal FE phase coexist in Pb0.988(Hf0.945SnxTi0.03‐xNb0.025)O3 ceramics. As the Sn content increases, the antiferroelectricity is significantly enhanced, accompanied with an increased Curie temperature and sharply reduced peak dielectric constant. H1 and H2 experience an irreversible field‐induced AFE‐FE phase transition at the ambient temperature, and the transition from a metastable FE phase to the original AFE phase is observed in H2 when heated to 60°C. H3 and H4 experience an invertible AFE‐FE phase transition, along with an enhanced forward phase switching field EF. Moreover a decreased backward phase switching field EA for H4 is detected as the electric field increases due to the AFE/FE coexistence. These results reveal the unique phase transition characteristics of AFE materials near the phase boundary, which is helpful for better understanding of AFE/FE materials.
Substrate damage and incorporation of sapphire into barium hexaferrite films deposited by aerosol deposition
Authors: Ranjit Smriti , Law Ka Ming , Budhathoki Sujan , Allred Jared M. , Rosenberg Richard A. , Park Dong‐Soo , Johnson Scooter , Hauser Adam J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBarium Hexaferrite (BaM) grown on sapphire substrate by aerosol deposition is investigated in a subtractive wedge series to determine the extent of energetic substrate damage and indentation. Energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping reveals Al2O3 particulates ejected from the substrate surface during growth. The concentration of particles is higher at the substrate‐film interface but persists throughout the 6 µm thick film. An estimate of the indentation depth (~600 nm) was agreed upon using two EDS techniques (line scan analysis and substrate surface reconstruction by areal integration). X‐ray diffraction patterns show peak polycrystalline Al2O3 intensity in 1.5 µm thick wedges and a decrease at higher thicknesses, confirming that Al2O3 particulate density decreases further from the substrate. Magnetic characterization showed decreased magnetic moment compared to bulk and thickness dependence consistent with the fractional increase of Al2O3 content in the films. X‐ray absorption at the Fe L3 edge suggests a reduction of material close to the surface, but this reduction appears secondary in magnitude to the effect of damage from deposition.
Clinical severity measures and quality‐of‐life burden in patients with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome: comparison of generic and dermatology‐specific instruments
Authors: Herbosa C.M. , Semenov Y.R. , Rosenberg A.R. , Mehta‐Shah N. , Musiek A.C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundGiven the severe symptom burden and chronic nature of mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), effective assessment of quality of life (QoL) is essential to guiding patient‐centred care in this population. In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive assessment of QoL in early‐ and advanced‐stage MF/SS and to assess the correlation of traditional measures of clinical severity with QoL measures.MethodsBetween July 2017 and April 2019, outpatients at an academic medical centre with either MF/SS (n = 115) or general dermatology concerns (n = 115) completed generic and dermatology‐specific QoL instruments [Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3), RAND 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36), Skindex‐29, visual analogue scale for itch (VAS itch) and 5‐D pruritus scale]. The mean scores of MF/SS patients were compared to that of controls using multivariable regression models adjusted for demographics and medical comorbidities. Cluster analysis of the QoL instruments and clinical severity measures (e.g. stage and body‐surface‐area involvement) was performed.ResultsPatients with MF/SS scored significantly worse than controls on all QoL instruments used, with advanced‐stage (IIB–IVB) disease having the worst QoL impairment. Early‐stage (IA–IIA) and advanced‐stage MF/SS patients had significantly reduced overall health status (HUI3; P < 0.05), with largest decrements in social functioning and usual role functioning due to physical and emotional health (SF‐36; all P < 0.05). MF/SS had significantly worse skin‐specific impairment than controls, with advanced‐stage disease reporting the most severe skin‐specific burden (Skindex‐29, P < 0.05). Clinical severity measures had a weak correlation with generic (|rs| = 0.02–0.27) and moderate correlation with dermatology‐specific instruments (|rs| = 0.41–0.53).ConclusionsMF/SS have a significant impact on multiple domains of patients’ QoL, including social, emotional and physical functioning. Current clinical measures do not adequately address QoL outcomes, underscoring the need for integrating formal disease‐specific QoL assessment into the routine evaluation of MF/SS patients.
First record of the invasive woodwasp, Urocerus albicornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), from a local forest in Japan
Authors: Kuramitsu Kazumu , Yamamoto Takayuki , Yokoi Tomoyuki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe woodwasp Urocerus albicornis (Fabricius, 1781) (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) is a forest pest native to North America and occasionally introduced into European countries. One of these invasive woodwasps was collected in a local forest in Nagano Prefecture, Central Japan. The collected individual was an adult female ovipositing on a log from a Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière). Although several of these woodwasps have been found on imported logs in Japan, this is the first record of the alien woodwasp in a local forest within Japan and Asia. This finding indicates that a population of this invasive woodwasp may be established in Japanese forests.
Construction and reconstruction of brain circuits: normal and pathological axon guidance
Authors: Roig-Puiggros Sergi , Vigouroux Robin J. , Beckman Danielle , Bocai Nadia I. , Chiou Brian , Davimes Joshua , Gomez Gimena , Grassi Sara , Hoque Ashfaqul , Karikari Thomas K. , Kiffer Frederico , Lopez Mary , Lunghi Giulia , Mazengenya Pedzisai , Meier Sonja , Olguín‐Albuerne Mauricio , Oliveira Mauricio M. , Paraíso‐Luna Juan , Pradhan Jonu , Radiske Andressa , Ramos‐Hryb Ana Belén , Ribeiro Mayara C. , Schellino Roberta , Selles Maria Clara , Singh Shripriya , Theotokis Paschalis , Chédotal Alain 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPerception of our environment entirely depends on the close interaction between the central and peripheral nervous system. In order to communicate each other, both systems must develop in parallel and in coordination. During development, axonal projections from the CNS as well as the PNS must extend over large distances to reach their appropriate target cells. To do so, they read and follow a series of axon guidance molecules. Interestingly, while these molecules play critical roles in guiding developing axons, they have also been shown to be critical in other major neurodevelopmental processes, such as the migration of cortical progenitors. Currently, a major hurdle for brain repair after injury or neurodegeneration is the absence of axonal regeneration in the mammalian CNS. By contrasts, PNS axons can regenerate. Many hypotheses have been put forward to explain this paradox but recent studies suggest that hacking neurodevelopmental mechanisms may be the key to promote CNS regeneration. Here we provide a seminar report written by trainees attending the second Flagship school held in Alpbach, Austria in September 2018 organized by the International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN) together with the Journal of Neurochemistry (JCN). This advanced school has brought together leaders in the fields of neurodevelopment and regeneration in order to discuss major keystones and future challenges in these respective fields.
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