bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison Of Prevalence Of Nosocomial Infections In Opioid Addicts And Non- Addicts AdmittedTo Intensive Care Units
Authors: M. Ahmadinejad  , M. Ahmadipour  , SM. Sohrevardi  
Published: June 2020

Acquired nosocomial infections include all clinical infections that the patient does not have at the time of admission to the hospital and hours after admission, the patient's natural flora acquires characteristics that become the source of bacterial infections for the patient himself. Nosocomial infections dramatically cause illness and death and impose high costs on the hospitalized patient. Hence, this study tends to compare the prevalence of nosocomial infections in opium consumers and healthy patients admitted to intensive care units in Bahonar hospital of Kerman in 2018.This cohort study was performed on two groups of 100 patients including one group of opioid addicts and one group of non-addicts hospitalized in intensive care units of Bahonar hospital in Kerman. The two groups were compared in terms of nosocomial infections, site of infection, and type of infectious agent, while in intensive care units. In this study, 197 patients were studied, of whom 161 (81.7%) were male and 36 (18.3%) were female; 98 (49.75%) had a history of opioid addiction, while 99 (50.25%) of them had no drug use. Of 197 patients studied, 118 (59.9%) had no infection while 79 (40.1%) had nosocomial infections. Of 98 addicted patients, 41 (41.8%) were uninfected and 57 (58.2%) were infected. Out of 99 non-addict patients, 77 (77.8%) were uninfected and 22 (22.2%) were infected. Fisher exact test showed that incidence of infection was significantly higher in addicted patients (p-value = 0.001) but there was no significant difference between the two groups in type of infection agent (p-value = 0.547). The results of our study showed that prevalence of nosocomial infections in opium addict patients was significantly higher than non-addict patients, with the highest frequency being pneumonia, UTI, wound infection and sepsis, respectively.
Formulation and Characterization of Piroxicam Emulgel for Topical Drug Delivery
Authors: Dr. Shaikh Siraj N  , Shahid Raza Mohd Aslam  Ansari  , Dr.G.J.Khan  , M. Siddik N. Patel  , Irshad Ahmad Mohd. Salim  , Dr. Rahul Laxman Jadhav  
Published: June 2020

The aim and objective of this research work was to formulate and evaluate Piroxicam Emugel for topical drug delivery. Various concentration of gelling agent were used for preparation of Piroxicam Emugel along with emulsifiers Tween-80 and Span-80 with glycerine as a humectants. The Clove oil and eucalyptus oil were used as permeation enhancer. The formulated Emulgel was characterized for their physical appearance, pH determination, spreadability, extrudability, drug content, in vitro drug release and stability studies. According to our results, the range of pH of the formulations was from 5.6±0.2 to 6.8±0.3 for final batches which is considered acceptable. Formulation F3, F4, F6 and F7 spreadability was found to be 32.03 ± 0.54 g.cm/sec, 30.79±0.2 g.cm/sec, 26.41±0.51 g.cm/sec and 30.44±0.6 g.cm/sec respectively. The Formulation F5 and F8 was prepared with higher concentration of carbopol i.e. 1.5 g were of in stiff category and the spreadabilty value found to be 18.14±0.36 g.cm/sec and 20.30±0.34 g.cm/sec respectively. The percentage swelling index was (F5, F6, F7 and F8) found to be 44.24 %, 27.35%, 31.98 % and 46.38 respectively. Extrudability of Formulation F5 and F8 was less i.e. 17.32± 0.5 gm/cm2 and 20.39±0.58 gm/cm2 respectively as containing higher concentration of polymer. Formulation F3, F4, F6, F7 having optimum concentration of polymer extrudability was good i.e. 30.47±0.52 gm/cm2, 27.39±0.6 gm/cm2, 29.49±0.56 gm/cm2 and 26.90±0.6 gm/cm2 respectively. Extrudability was decreased with an increase in concentration of Carbopol. Invitro drug release (98.45% in 8h) from the Emulgel, batch F7 was concluded as optimized batch. Drug release was in following order F5< F1< F3< F2< F4< F8 < F6 < F7. Presence of two Penetration enhancer’s Clove oil and Eucalyptus oil has resulted in better performance as compared to other formulations. All these developed emugel formulation have acceptable physical properties, hence F7 can be considered as the optimized formulation. From this research, the formulated Emulgel of Piroxicam would be an effective alternative to conventional delivery of Piroxicam for the management of pain and inflammation.
Tasmim al-Wasail al-Ta’limiyyah li Maharati al-Istima’ khilala Android
Authors: Kholis Muhammad Nur , Ghofur Abdul , Zaenuri Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Listening is a skill that has not received much attention in Arabic learning and teaching. This can be seen that only a small number of media is made for teaching listening. Whereas media such as sound recordings are very important for students to get used to listen to Arabic utterances.The purpose of this study is to determine the ideal android application design for Arabic learning focused on listening in the IAIN Surakarta language development center. And then the research method is research and development follow Sadiman model:1. Needs analysis, 2. Setting goals, 3. Developing material, 4. Developing evaluation tools, 5. Products, 6. Validating material and design experts, 7. Final results. The result of this study are the discovery of an ideal design based on Android learning applications with design expert validation of 93.75 and the results of material expert validation of 87.5%. The results of the validation explained that the application of learning skills in Arabic listening was appropriate to be used as a learning media. The application consists of the main components, namely the strategy page, material page and training page. The strategy page contains strategies to answer listening questions about TOSA (Test Of Standart Arabic). The material page contains four audio material related to the type of questions in the TOSA. while the practice page contains the question exercises in accordance with the types already discussed on the material page.
PEMBERDAYAAN POKDARWIS TAZGK DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA DI KADUENGANG
Authors: Umam Chotibul , Pangesti Frebhika Sri Puji , Yuslistyari Eka Indah 
Published: June 2020

Kelompok Sadar Wisata (POKDARWIS) Taman Alam Ziarah Gunung Karang (TAZGK) adalah kelompok yang mengelola wisata di Desa Kaduengang, Kecamatan Cadasari, Kabupaten Pandeglang. Daya Tarik Wisata yang ada di desa Kaduengang adalah Wisata Alam, Budaya dan Religi. Dominasi Wisatawan adalah wisatawan Nusantara (Wisnus) dengan data kunjungan pada tahun 2017 mencapai 1000 wisatawan perminggunya. Permasalahan pada kelompok Pokdarwis TAZGK adalah wisatawan hanya melakukan aktifitas pada dua daya tarik wisata saja yaitu Ziarah ke Sumur Tujuh dan Pendakian ke Gunung Karang, Disisi lain adalah aggotanya belum dibekali pelatihan kepemanduan wisata, Permasalahan lainnya adalah pembuatan produk paket wisata desa Kaduengang. Solusi dalam pengabdian ini adalah dengan memberikan pelatihan pemandu wisata lokal bagi pokdarwis TAZGK, sehingga dalam melayani tamu memiliki standar sesuai SKKNI kepemanduan wisata. Pokdarwis juga dibekali pengetahuan dalam pengembangan produk Paket Wisata Desa Kaduengang yang akan dipromosikan melalui website Pokdarwis TAZGK maupun media online. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan pelatihan dengan mitra, dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, curah pendapat dan simulasi. Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) Taman Alam Ziarah Gunung Karang (TAZGK), is a group that manages tours at Desa Kaduengang, Kecamatan Cadasari, Kabupaten Pandeglang. Attractions in Desa Kaduengang are Natural, Cultural and Religious Tourism. Tourist Domination is a local tourist with data on visits in 2017, reaching 1000/week. The problem of Pokdarwis TAZGK is that tourists only carry out activities on two tourist attractions, Pilgrimage to Sumur Tujuh and Climbing to Gunung Karang. on the other hand, the members are not yet equipped with tour guide training, another problem is the manufacture of Kaduengang village tourism package products. The solution in this dedication is to provide local tour guide training for Pokdarwis TAZGK so that in serving guests they have standards according to the SKKNI tour guide. Polaris is also equipped with knowledge in the development of the Kaduengang Village Tourism Package product which will be promoted through the Pokdarwis TAZGK website and online media. Methods of implementing activities by training with partners by lecturing, discussion, brainstorming and simulation methods
Fintech and Financial Stability Potential Influence of FinTech on Financial Stability, Risks and Benefits
Authors: Vučinić Milena 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Since the last global financial crisis supervisory mechanisms and regulations have become more stringent which have significantly improved resilience of banks therefore positively affecting financial stability. Apart from traditional financial institutions which have been supervised according to strict regulations and standards technological development in financial services commonly called FinTech have introduced new trends providing fast peer to peer lending which directly matches lenders and borrowers thus putting more pressure to policymakers and supervisors.
This paper presents potential implications of FinTech developments to financial stability, while explaining FinTech influence to market structure as well as benefits and risks of technologically driven financial innovations to financial stability.
The paper stresses out an importance of international cooperation of regulators in order to preserve financial stability in the recent world of technological changes and innovations. FinTech has changed consumers’ expectations and preferences while increasing the number of users expecting fast and easily accessible services available on mobile phones and other electronic devices. The paper shows that new technology provides the space for expanding financial services but it also poses additional risks to financial system in terms of microfinancial and macrofinancial risks.
Denoised Inflation: A New Measure of Core Inflation
Authors: Hanif Muhammad Nadim , Iqbal Javaid , Ali Syed Hamza , Salam Muhammad Abdus 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Existing measures of core inflation ignore a part of ‘should be’ the core inflation. Exclusion based measures ‘exclude’ a part of persistent inflation inherently existing in the excluded part whereas filter based measures ‘filter-out’ the cyclical part also rather than the irregular component only. This study proposes a new idea to define and measure core inflation – noise free inflation or denoised inflation. As against considering only trend to define core inflation, this study proposes using cyclical component also to be part of core inflation. If core inflation is to be useful, for monetary policy making, as an indicator of underlying inflation, it has to include demand related component of inflation associated with current economic cycle. By using wavelet analysis approach to decompose seasonally adjusted price index into noise, cyclical component and trend, we estimate a denoised inflation series for Pakistan for the period July 1992 to June 2017. Since denoised inflation passes ‘statistical’ as well as ‘theoretical’ tests necessary for a series to be core inflation, we think it can be used as a new core inflation measure for Pakistan. This can also be estimated and tested for any country.
Reliability of Sports Medical Solutions Handgrip and Jamar Handgrip Dynamometer
Authors: Marković Stefan , Dopsaj Milivoj , Veljković Veljko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to determine inter-reliability, concurrent validity, and interchangeability of the SMS HG dynamometric system and a Jamar digital dynamometer for hand grip strength measurements performed in two relevant positions of the elbow joint, i.e. 90 ° flexion and 180 ° (full) extension. The sample in this research consisted of 61 participants and included 27 women and 34 men. Statistically significant differences in the results found between two positions in the elbow joint indicate that the results must be evaluated separately. However, regarding both testing positions, i.e. 90 ° flexion and 180 ° extension in the elbow joint, it was determined that SMS HG and Jamar instruments have a very high level of inter-reliability (ICC 0.948 to 0.980), but lack concurrent validity. The established mean difference of the results was higher for the 90 ° than for the 180 ° position but in both cases was considered to have a practical significance, thus not supporting the interchangeability of the instruments.
Recovering the Reformation’s Ecumenical Vision of Redemption as Deification and Beatific Vision
Authors: Mosser Carl 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The beatific vision is widely perceived as a Roman Catholic doctrine. Many continue to view deification as a distinctively Eastern Orthodox doctrine incompatible with the Western theological tradition, especially its Protestant expressions. This essay will demonstrate that several Reformers of the first and second generation promoted a vision of redemption that culminates with deification and beatific vision. They affirmed these concepts without apology in confessional statements, dogmatic works, biblical commentaries, and polemical treatises. Attention will focus on figures in the Reformed tradition though one could produce similar surveys for the Lutheran and Anglican branches of the Reformation as well. John Calvin will receive extended treatment because some scholars dispute whether he affirmed deification. This essay presents important evidence thus far overlooked which should settle the question.
PELAKSANAAN PENYALURAN ZAKAT OLEH BAITUL MAL ACEH SEBAGAI PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 11 TAHUN 2006 TENTANG PEMERINTAHAN ACEH
Authors: Hastuti Ristyana Tri , Redi Ahmad 
Published: June 2020

Aceh is a province in Indonesia granted with a special authority to govern and manage its own government affairs. Among the special authorities is to include zakat into the locally-generated revenues. The provisions of zakat as locally-generated revenues are set out in Law No. 11 of 2006 on Aceh Government. The Baitul Maal is established by the Qanun to manage the zakat funds. The currently emerging issue is Article 10 of Governor Regulation No. 2015 stating that zakat can be distributed prior to the passage of APBA (Aceh local budget). The central issues are whether zakat can be distributed without passing through the APBA mechanism and what is the ideal arrangement for the zakat. The present study used the normative research method by utilizing secondary data supported by interviews. Results showed that the zakat funds could not be distributed prior to the approval of APBA since the officials in charge of it were reluctant to act accordingly. Furthermore, zakat should ideally be regulated to be special locally-generated revenues, rather than including it into the locally-generated revenues, in order not to delay its distribution.
SUSCEPTIBILIDADE CLIMÁTICA PARA A TRASMISSÃO DA MALÁRIA EM QUELIMANE, ZAMBÉZIA – MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Gina Amélia Albino Sitoe  
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho procura determinar o grau de susceptibilidade para a transmissão da malária na cidade de Quelimane como um caminho para caracterizar o risco climático num país com elevada vulnerabilidade social, o que faz com que um clima seja um importante condicionante da sua transmissão. A metodologia baseou-se na proposta de Craig, Snow e Sueur (1999) e Small, Goetz e Hay (2003) e adaptada para o presente trabalho, na qual a susceptibilidade é dada por:
Onde: Xt é a temperatura média observada no mês; Ut = 33ºC e St = 22ºC (limiares de temperatura considerados ótimos para que a transmissão da malária ocorra) e é a pluviosidade total mensal observada; Up = 0 mm (ausência de pluviosidade no mês) e Sp = 80 mm (pluviosidade total mensal considerada ótima para que a transmissão ocorra). Constatou-se que os meses de Outubro a Março são os que apresentam a maior susceptibilidade de transmissão da malária sugerindo -se que dada à elevada vulnerabilidade social que caracteriza esta cidade, devam se intensificar as actividades preventivas neste período.Palavras-chave: Malária. Susceptibilidade Climática. Quelimane.
TRILHA DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Tatiara Ho-a-chuck dos Santos  , Jonatas de Oliveira Cesar  , Regina Maria Guilhermina de Jesus  , Adenilda Ribeiro de Moura  
Published: June 2020

O objetivo principal é apresentar e sensibilizar os estudantes dos problemas ambientais de grande ocorrência no município do Oiapoque de maneira lúdica. Todo o sistema ecológico planetário está a mercê dos riscos ambientais promovidos pelo homem, devido a constante exploração dos recursos naturais e o descaso dos órgãos públicos. O jogo foi confeccionado para alunos do 8º ano da Escola Estadual Joaquim Caetano da Silva, no município do Oiapoque/AP. O jogo Trilha do conhecimento foi apresentado a 32 alunos, formado por 4 grupos com 8 estudantes cada grupo. Para dar partida ao jogo foi confeccionado dois dados, um para iniciar a partida e outro para as perguntas. Para cada tema abordado o dado era lançado e em seguida feito a pergunta ao grupo sobre os 5 temas: queimada, lixão, desmatamento, poluição dos rios e sustentabilidade, sendo 5 perguntas sobre os temas abordados como pré-teste (aplicação antes do jogo), totalizando 25 questões. As queimadas, mesmo sendo um assunto muito relevante no município do Oiapoque, os grupos ainda apresentavam poucos conhecimentos sobre a sua origem. Os Grupos 2 e 3 acertaram todas as perguntas sobre o lixão. É importante salientar que o tema sobre a poluição voltada aos rios fez com que os estudantes discutissem mais sobre esse assunto, demostrando poucos conhecimentos. Dessa forma, a importância da conservação dos mananciais para as futuras gerações foi proativo, haja vista que os estudantes se colocaram como causadores dessa poluição ambiental. As temáticas fazem parte também do contexto sustentabilidade. Portanto, o jogo foi uma ferramenta aplicada em sala de aula que serviu como força motriz para a construção da aprendizagem, individualmente e coletivamente típica da proposta lúdica. Esperamos que os professores possam dar continuidade às atividades voltadas as praticas pedagógicas, usando como ferramenta os jogos no contexto mais amplo de sustentabilidade.
ANÁLISE DA COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DE PLANTAS MEDICINAIS NO MUNICÍPIO DE LARANJAL DO JARI- AMAPÁ-BRASIL
Authors: Claudeni da Conceição Sena  , Claudiane da Conceição Sena Santos  , Kariane da Silva Oliveira  , Regis Rodrigues Almeida  
Published: June 2020

A amazônia é uma das maiores florestas tropicais do mundo e boa parte do seu território encontra-se no Brasil, por esse motivo o país se destaca na perspectiva da exploração econômica de sua flora nativa, ssencialmente no que confere as plantas medicinais, pois na atualidade mais de 70% da população mundial as utilizam, devido ao baixo custo, eficácia e fácil modo de preparo. Dessa forma o presente estudo tem como objetivo análisar o comércio de plantas medicinais no município de Laranjal do Jari-Amapá-Brasil. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho procedeu-se mediante a pesquisa de campo, realizou-se visita in lócus aos estabelecimentos que comercializam plantas medicinais no qual as informações foram coletadas mediante a aplicação de formulários, foram sujeitos da pesquisa comerciantes que trabalham no ramo de venda de plantas medicinais na cidade. Os dados foram tabulados de forma qualitativa-descritiva. Diante da pesquisa verificou-se que os sujeitos da pesquisa tem idade entre 34 e 73 anos, e todos são do sexo masculino, e residem no município de Laranjal do Jari há mais de 20 anos, e o principal motivo que os levaram a atuarem no ramo, foi devido ao conhecimento passados por seus ancestrais, os mesmo conseguem obter em média um salario mínimo com a venda dos produtos, segundo os mesmos a venda de plantas medicinais, nos últimos anos aumentou, eles atribuem esse fato, devido as pessoas na atualidade estarem mais preocupado com a sua saúde e bem estar, desse modo preferem produtos naturais, extraídos diretamente da natureza. Foram identificadas noventa e três plantas medicinais sendo comercializadas no município, o que mostra que esse comércio é dinâmico, e além de ser uma forma de preservarem esse conhecimento Etnobotânicos, que é de suma importância para as ciências , pois através desse conhecimento empírico é possível a criação de fármacos que curam determinadas doenças.
Application of Reservoir Performance Indices on Kainji Reservoir System
Authors: Mamman Mohammed Jiya , Matins Otache Y 
Published: June 2020

Resilience may be defined as a yardstick that specifies the extent a reservoir recuperates when it fails previously. A reliable water resource system speedily returns to an acceptable state after a failure. Vulnerability measures severity or extent of failures or letdowns, if and once they occur. Sustainability index (SI) provides a sign of fundamental nature with respects to probable unwanted repercussions if imbalance of waters occurs. Sustainability index (SI) can also be expressed as a mean of reliability, resilience and vulnerability. This study employs commonly used indices (reliability, resilience, and Vulnerability) to assess the performance of Kainji reservoir system. To attain this, rain fall and river flow data were obtained from Kainji Hydrological station in New Bussa Nigeria. Analysis using MAKESENS software was used on the rainfall and river flows to look at the extreme events. In order to determine the performance of the reservoir system some reservoir performance indices were employed, these are; vulnerability, resilience, and sustainability index. This is achieved by adopting relevant existing equations. Reservoir flows and storages ware employed, different draft ratios were considered (0.3- 1.0). Varying demand levels were also chosen (0 – 0.8) as against the coefficient of variation to look at the monotonic behaviour of resilience against the various levels of demand. Volume reliability falls repeatedly as draft/ MAR upsurges and bigger values were attained as S/MAR rises. The analysis on the reservoir shows that as demand decreases the sustainability increases and also the higher the storage ratio the higher the sustainability index. It also shows that as draft ratio increases the resilience decreases, and because the draft ratio decreases the resilience increases. The reservoir system was classified as within year system, which suggests high resilience, less vulnerable and sustainable. The operation rule shows the need for optimization.
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Climate
Authors: Smirnov Boris.M. 
Published: June 2020

Atmospheric radiative fluxes are evaluated for the line-by-line model of spectral lines in considering the atmosphere as a weakly nonuniform plane layer and altitude profiles of its parameters are taken from the model of standard atmosphere. Concepts of molecular spectroscopy are combined with the local thermodynamic equilibrium for greenhouse gases and with information from HITRAN data base for parameters of radiative transitions. In addition, the energetic balance of the Earth allows one to determine the radiative flux from clouds. As a result, the algorithm is worked out for evaluation of the atmospheric radiative flux toward the Earth depending on its composition. We below concentrate on the change of atmospheric radiative fluxes as a result of doubling of the concentration of CO2 molecules. It is shown that the change of the global temperature in this case according to the above algorithm in 5-6 times exceeds that followed from climatological models which are based on old spectral data, rather than those from HITRAN data base. These codes ignore overlapping of spectral lines of atmospheric radiators.