bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospects for using “Smart House” technology in Africa
Authors: Tangning Jiogap F , Abdryashitova A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study aims to present / illustrate that thanks to the growth of new technologies, the effective use of natural resources can be an important factor for the economic development of several African regions. Africa is a continent with the lowest share of “Smart House” construction technology usage. From this study, the minimum requirements for a “Smart House” were determined depending on the level of income of a person in Africa. The parameters of mobile communications for controlling the elements of a “Smart House” are presented. An algorithm of the “Smart House” element power supply system and its various accessories was formed. The use of a “Smart House” construction technology in Africa will reduce financial costs, improve living conditions and increase the population welfare. The technologies implemented will significantly reduce the daily and monthly costs of running a home in African countries. A general analysis of approaches to data transmission over the Internet is also presented, as this is a very important factor in the control and security of “Smart Houses” in remote access mode via mobile phones or computers. Of course, an indispensable condition is the access to this digital technology.
Formation of optimal performance of works during establishment of the complex of objects optimal sequence of establishing objects complex building
Authors: Mailyan Alexander , Afanasiev Grigoriy , Antoniadi Diana , Petrosyan Rima 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the complex development of urbanized areas, construction objects differ in spaceplanning and design solutions, construction volume, total area, and cost of construction. In this regard, in the construction of a facility complex, an important factor is the rational choice of the sequence of facility construction to ensure the optimal duration of construction of the entire complex. This problem is solved by the method of organizational and technological modeling, taking into account the availability of a sufficient amount of resources necessary for the parallel construction of several objects simultaneously. The erection of the construction object includes the underground part, the above-ground part, roofing and finishing construction work, which can be organized into rhythmic specialized flows at individual worksites. This allows you to reduce the duration of the construction of each facility and complex as a whole, as well as to determine the temporary reserves and use them to reduce construction time and optimal provision of material and financial resources. The methods of organizational and technological modeling solve the problem of choosing the optimal sequence of work during the construction of a facility complex to reduce construction time. With limited resources, there is an alternative to attracting additional resources or increasing the overall construction time.
Energy consumption of modern residential houses of the same energy efficient classes
Authors: Navaseltsau Uladzimir , Khaletski Vitali , Melnikov Vladimir 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study is to identify and to compare the design and operation demands of thermal energy for heating and ventilation, the search for the reasons of increased energy consumption. For the study, energy-efficient class B houses were selected in terms of specific heat energy consumption for heating and ventilation, which were put into operation in Brest (Belarus Republic) in 2014-2015. The main method for determining the reasons of increased energy consumption was to study the functioning of the heating and ventilation systems of the discussed houses and to survey residents to analyze how they use heating and ventilation systems. The calculated and operation values of the specific consumption of thermal energy for heating and ventilation are determined. Operational specific heat energy consumption for heating and ventilation turned out to be higher than the project ones by 7.2% to 44.7%. A mismatch was found in the energy consumption of houses of the same class in energy efficiency. The main reasons for this are moisture in building structures, a malfunction in the automation of an individual heating unit, and non-use of installed thermostatic valves to regulate the heat transfer of heating devices. Studies have shown that currently in the Republic of Belarus there is no ground to build residential buildings of a higher energy efficiency category than the considered houses.
Multi-span composite beam
Authors: Sergeev M , Rimshin V , Lukin M , Zdralovic N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of wooden structures tends to create systems, types, elements and types of connection that would allow you to save wood while increasing the load-bearing capacity and best take into account its physical and mechanical features. One of the priority directions is the creation of lightweight composite bent structures based on wood. The scientific novelty of the article consists in the study of multi-span continuous composite beams, the use of which is possible both in new construction and reconstruction. Composite multi-span wood-glued beams with the proposed reinforcement scheme are an experimental design and to date, their work is poorly studied. The essence of the proposed design is to strengthen the lower zones in the spans of the beam and the upper zones of the beam at the location of the support with fiberglass on an epoxy oligomer. To perform the calculations, we set a model of a beam with three spans of 1.5 m. the Load is assumed to be evenly distributed along the entire length of the beam. A comparison of the structure to assess its rationality was carried out with an unreinforced glued beam with the same design scheme. The study found that, in contrast to wooden beams, the strength of composite beams with rational reinforcement of stretched zones increases by 24-27 %, and the deformability decreases by 8-13 %. From the point of view of the work, it is proposed to use the method of vacuum infusion, which is proven, which has a positive effect on technical and economic indicators.
Energy-efficient indicators of panel housing mass construction in the climatic conditions of central Russia
Authors: Modin Artem , Lukin Mikhail , Vlasov Anton , Hisham Ezzy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
For the design of energy-efficient buildings, it is only necessary to ensure balanced energy consumption. The definition of energy efficiency is inextricably linked to compliance with requirements and economic costs. The concept of energy efficiency does not only apply to a new building. The new design used all the necessary elements. The use of single-layer prefabricated panels in new construction allows for external insulation taking into account the overlap of all monolithic joints. One of the potentially promising methods of thermal insulation of outdoor structures is the use of liquid-ceramic (thermal insulation) coatings. In the course of the study, it was concluded that the surface temperature of the reinforced concrete panel when using two different insulation options has similar indicators. But the difference in the values of the heat flux is 36.2%, i.e. when using liquid-ceramic insulation, the amount of heat transferred through the wall panel is more by 9.67 W / m2. Economic calculation shows that the use of liquid-ceramic insulation has a positive economic effect in comparison with the classical method of wall insulation by 19.56%.
Reasons of cracks in floor slab panel
Authors: Barabanshchikov Yu G , Belkina T V , Semenov K V , Zimin S S , Akimov S V , Vatin N I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article considers the problem of the formation of temperature and cracks in a reinforced concrete floor in thin 400 mm, connected by reinforcing outlets with internal reinforced concrete walls and the outer ring wall of the core of a high-rise building. During the hardening of the laid concrete, the formation of through cracks in the overlapping, extending from the walls and located across the corridor formed by the walls, was observed. The paper analyzes the possible causes of cracking. Cracking occurs due to the restriction of free temperature and shrinkage deformation of the floor slab by a rigid connection with the walls. The direction of the cracks indicates that tensile shrink stresses act along the walls. Cracks form during the cooling of the concrete floor, when the directions of the vectors of shrinkage and thermal deformation coincide. The work gives recommendations for the care of concrete floor structures.
Stressed deformed condition of orthotropic spherical shell, lowered by two circular hole
Authors: Rakhmankulova Barna , Noraliev Nurulla , Djamalov Kamol , Ziyaeva Sholpan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Methods of calculating the shell structures from composite materials and studying the concentration of strains near the holes are devoted to a rather large number of works. However, most of the research was carried out within the framework of the classical Kirchhoff-Love hypothesis, which does not take into account the interlayer and lateral shifts characteristic of composite materials. Application of finite elements method to solve the problems on orthotropic shells of composites, weakened by several holes is reported within the improved theory of Timoshenko type. A numerical algorithm has been developed using the finite element method and a software package has been implemented on a computer that makes it possible to solve problems of stress concentration near two apertures in shells of composite materials. Shearing parameter has been studied for its influence on stress concentration near two circular holes internal pressure for orthotropic spherical shells. Specific results are presented for the cases of large and small holes, taking into account the rigidity of the reinforcing elements. Thus, this software package can be applied to the calculation of the elements of shell structures from orthotropic composite materials weakened by several holes.
Conjugated mathematical model for optimal location of industrial objects
Authors: Ravshanov Z , Abdullaeva B , Kubyashev K 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The urgent problem related to solving the problems of monitoring and predicting the ecological state of the air basin in industrial regions is considered in the paper. It provides a brief review of scientific publications devoted to these problems. A mathematical model has been developed to study, predict and monitor the concentration of harmful substances in the atmosphere. The model takes into account weather and climate conditions, soil erosion, physicomechanical properties of aerosol particles, and other factors affecting the process under consideration as a whole; it is designed for optimal location of newly constructed production facilities.
Thermal aging of bitumen mixtures with crushed sand
Authors: Salikhov Mukhammat , Veyukov Evgeniy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Public roads with advanced types of coatings are mainly constructed of asphalt concrete. Along with good performance, they have some disadvantages. One of them is temperature aging. The aging process is inevitable. However, to increase the stability of bituminous mixtures, it is important to study the structure formation and aging processes of bitumen films on the surface of all components separately, including the areas of contact with crushed sand. In order to study the aging processes, the methods of studying the aging of bituminous mixtures have been critically analyzed. Considering the shortcomings of the methods available, a new method has been developed. Based on the experiments performed using this method, we studied the aging processes of bituminous mixtures at the temperature of +150° C for various periods of time. The resulting mathematical models describe the aging process based on the considered factors. The experimental results were analyzed in accordance with the theoretical concepts of the interaction of bitumen films on the surfaces of crushed sand particles of amorphous rocks. The conducted research has practical conclusions.
Ground-penetrating radar survey for the prevention and elimination of emergency situations
Authors: Zakrevskaya L V , Gandelsman I A , Lubin P A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study analyses the results of a survey of an object in emergency state of a building, identifies the causes of damage, proposes a method for eliminating the consequences, draws conclusions about the possibility of preventing such situations and solutions at all stages of identifying defects. According to the results of a georadar inspection of the underground part of the building, it was found that under the concrete slab there is an air gap zone with a capacity of up to 10-30 mm. In this work, to eliminate the emergency situation, is proposed to utilize a complex solution based on clay and a binder. The work identifies the most effective method for diagnosing the state of bases in case of their discontinuity under the erected construction object. According to the results of the study, the sizes of these zones are determined. A clay suspension fills the voids between the particles of sandy soil and creates conditions that exclude the possibility of further penetration of water into the soil mass. The result of the research allowed to save the object for continued operation.
Physical and chemical bases, structural and technological models of constructional thermal insulating lightweight concrete creating
Authors: Yarmakovsky Vyacheslav N , Kadiev David Z 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Research object is constructional and thermal-insulating lightweight concrete (STILC) with a modified matrix in the direction improving of thermotechnical quality and durability indicators of such concrete, produced with use of porous aggregates of various petrogenesis. Motivation: the development relevance of STILC new modifications with high performance of thermotechnical quality and durability is determined by the fact that the STILC usage in the enclosing structures of buildings will significantly improve their thermal insulation function, operational reliability. Research method: the developed physical and chemical bases, structural and technological models of the modified matrix of STILC are used in researches. Research results: physical and chemical bases, structural and technological models for creating of STILC with high indicators of thermotechnical quality and weather resistance; technologies for manufacturing STILC with rational usage of technogenic formations recycling products; results of determination of thermophysical characteristics, indicators of weather resistance and other indicators of STILC operational quality. Conclusion: fundamentally new modifications of STILC with high indicators of thermal quality and weather resistance, and the main provisions of their manufacturing technology also have been developed. Based on the results of STILC samples testing, the thermophysical and mechanical properties, as well as weather resistance indicators, were determined for use in the calculations and design of enclosing structures with high thermal protection function and reliability in operation.
Formation of phase composition of aluminum matrix composites during mechanical activation and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis
Authors: Prusov E S , Panfilov A A , Kechin V A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The authors investigated the effect of mechanical activation and self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) on the phase composition of composite materials of Al-TiO2-B system. It has been shown that with increasing the duration of mechanical activation of initial powders the amount of crystalline boron-containing phases in the mixture increases. X-ray diffraction analysis of powder mixtures after SHS allows making conclusion about necessity of activation for at least 45 min to obtain a target compounds. Experimental results allow reasonably choosing the modes of mechanical activation for production of aluminium matrix composites with specified composition and controllable properties.
Functional materials based on the effect of mechanoluminescence for monitoring the state of load-bearing structures
Authors: Pavlov D D , Tatmyshevskiy K V , Krylov V P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Researches of light-generating converters based on zinc sulfide allowed us to describe the physical nature of the light signal. The description of the physical nature of light generation by semiconductors is based on the band theory of conductivity. This allowed us to determine the conditions for the possibility of registering mechanical impacts using mechanoluminescent pulse pressure sensors. One of the important conditions, as it turned out, is the presence of manganese impurities in the material, which become centers of light emission. Also a necessary condition for the appearance of luminescence is the hardness of the sensor element, it facilitates the transfer of mechanical stress to the crystal lattice of mechanoluminescent material and the changes in it with the release of energy as light. This property of these materials allows them to operate in generator mode and convert mechanical action into an optical signal without additional energy sources. As a result, theoretical and experimental data on the possibility of detecting pulsed mechanical action using distributed mechanoluminescent converters were obtained. As one of the directions of application of such converters, it is proposed to create composite materials with the insertion of light-conducting fibers with longitudinal light transmission, covered with mecanoluminophore particles. This will allow to create composite materials with a self-diagnosis function and the ability to connect to optical data channels for continuous monitoring of the technical condition of load-bearing structures of buildings. Such materials are devoid of such disadvantages as: the need for power supply or a reference light stream, sensitivity to electromagnetic interference, and a low degree of embeddability in the structure, inherent in the devices currently used.
Modified heavy concrete based on activated micro-silica for sleepers of high-speed highways
Authors: Tkach E V , Temirkanov R I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A method has been developed for the synthesis of a complex additive based on ultrafine silica and superplasticizer “Plasticite RK”, which allows to obtain modified concrete with a given set of operational properties. The problem of reducing the consumption of micro-silica and increasing its efficiency in cement concretes due to chemical activation is solved. The effect of activation of microcosm in an acidic medium (pH =2.1) enriched with oxonium H3O+ ions and h+ cations is experimentally confirmed, and in an alkaline medium(pH=10-11) enriched with hydroxyl groups of OH-anions of OH-, with the production of dimers of orthosilic acid Si(OH)4, formed during chemical dispersion of microcosm are additional centers of crystallization, which concentrate new formations around themselves, forming a stable colloidal system. It has self-reinforcing processes associated with the recrystallization of colloidal size neoplasm particles into larger ones that participate in the construction of a spatial framework, which is compacted and strengthened due to prolonged hydration, contributing to an increase in the strength characteristics of cement stone and, accordingly, concrete. The use of chemical activation of micro-silica with water treated by electrolysis and enriched with hydroxyl ions OH- with pH=10-11, introduced into the matrix of the concrete mixture, in a comparative analysis showed an increase in strength by 58.8 % in comparison with the control sample of the factory composition without the use of micro-silica as part of a complex additive.
Heat conductivity of aerogel-based rolled materials for high-thermal isolation for equipment and pipelines
Authors: Pastushkov P P , Gutnikov S I , Pavlenko N V , Zheldakov D Yu , Stolyarov M D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this article, the general information about aerogels as well as application areas of materials based on them are presented. Scientific and technical review on heat conductivity of aerogel-based thermal insulation materials was made. It was determined, that among the Russian studies the results of behaviour of these materials under high temperatures are not presented. Comprehensive studies of thermal characteristics, including heat conductivity values in temperature range of 10–650 °C (where 650 °C is the maximal operating temperature) for the thermal insulation rolled materials based on TiO2-aerogel DRT06-Z (Alison Aerogel) were carried out. The mathematical relationship between heat conductivity and operating temperature in range of 10–650 °C was determined. Using the obtained results, the calculation of thickness of insulation for the studied aerogel-based rolled materials was realized according to the construction rules SP 61.13330.2010, that can be applied for design of high-heat insulation for equipment and pipelines.
Polymer composite material for the manufacture of molds in the production of evaporative patterns
Authors: Sharshin Vladimir , Sukhorukov Denis , Sukhorukova Elena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The results of research on the development of a polymer composite material from a two-component polyurethane compound for the manufacture of foundry equipment for the production of gasified models and other products from expanded polystyrene by blowing with hot steam are presented. The requirements for the material of the molds in terms of heat capacity and thermal conductivity are indicated. Selected additives in the form of powders of copper, aluminum, iron and graphite. Samples of polymer composite materials were obtained. The research were carried out according to a specially developed technique based on the well-known method for determining thermophysical properties by eliminating variables. The result is a composition based on a polyurethane compound with 54.5 wt.% aluminum powder, meeting the specified requirements for both technological and thermophysical properties.
Effect of heat treatment of beryllium bronzes on the quality of critical engineering parts
Authors: Kartonova L , Ivanova M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper considers the peculiarities of thermal hardening of beryllium bronzes (Cu + 2% Be) and the feasibility of stepwise aging on BrB2 alloy parts with different requirements for their geometry. The factors determining the occurrence of stresses in beryllium bronzes parts are described. Attention is drawn to the fact that stepwise aging does not help to straighten the details as it happens during aging in special devices. Studies have shown that for cylindrical parts, when controlling deviations in straightness, stepwise aging minimizes warpage even during heat treatment without special devices. For flat parts with stringent geometry requirements, the processing of which is carried out in devices, dispersion hardening in a free state is not acceptable. For parts made of BrB2 alloy, heat treatment of which is not economically feasible in devices, but the geometry is significant, it is recommended to introduce an operation to “relieve stress” at a temperature of 210±5°C for one hour (step aging) before the operation “dispersion hardening”, that will minimize distortion during heat treatment without the use of special devices. It is shown that in each particular case, analysis is necessary on the feasibility of using staged aging, since in some cases its use can lead to a more expensive process without a significant effect in terms of reducing warpage of parts.