bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient experience of health care system hassles: Dual‐system vs single‐system users
Authors: Noël Polly H. , Barnard Jenny M. , Barry Frances M. , Simon Alissa , Lee Martin L. , Olmos‐Ochoa Tanya T. , Chawla Neetu , Rose Danielle E. , Stockdale Susan E. , Finley Erin P. , Penney Lauren S. , Ganz David A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare health care system problems or “hassles” experienced by Veterans receiving VA health care only versus those receiving dual care from both VA and non‐VA community providers.Data SourcesWe collected survey data in 2017‐2018 from 2444 randomly selected Veterans with four or more primary care visits in the prior year at one of 12 VA primary care clinics located in four geographically diverse regions of the United States.Study DesignWe used baseline surveys from the Coordination Toolkit and Coaching quality improvement project to explore Veterans’ experience of hassles (dependent variable), source of health care, self‐rated physical and mental health, and sociodemographics.Data CollectionParticipants responded to mailed surveys by mail, telephone, or online.Principal FindingsThe number of reported hassles ranged from 0 to 16; 79 percent of Veterans reported experiencing one or more hassles. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and self‐rated physical and mental health, zero‐inflated negative binominal regression indicated that dual care users experienced more hassles than VA‐only users (adjusted predicted average 5.5 [CI: 5.2, 5.8] vs 4.3 [CI: 4.1, 4.6] hassles [P < .0001]).ConclusionsAnticipated increases in Veterans accessing community‐based care may require new strategies to help VA primary care teams optimize care coordination for dual care users.
Does the length of uniportal video‐assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy affect postoperative pain? Results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Menna Cecilia , Poggi Camilla , Andreetti Claudio , Maurizi Giulio , Ciccone Anna Maria , D'Andrilli Antonio , Vanni Camilla , Vestri Anna Rita , Fiorelli Alfonso , Santini Mario , Venuta Federico , Rendina Erino Angelo , Ibrahim Mohsen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundUniportal video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy has become a common approach for the treatment of early stage lung cancer. Here, we aimed to establish whether the length of uniportal incision could affect postoperative pain and surgical outcomes in consecutive patients undergoing uniportal VATS lobectomy for early stage lung cancer.MethodsThis was a unicenter Randomized Control Trial (NCT 03218098). Consecutive patients undergoing uniportal VATS lobectomy for Stage I lung cancer were randomly assigned to a Small Incision group or Long Incision group in 1:1 ratio based on whether patients received a 4 cm or 8 cm incision. The endpoints were to compare the intergroup difference regarding (i) postoperative pain measured by brief pain inventory (BPI) questionnaire (first endpoint); (ii) operative time; (iii) length of chest drainage; (iv) length of hospital stay; (v) postoperative complications; and (vi) pulmonary functional status (secondary endpoints).ResultsA total of 48 patients were eligible for the study. Four patients were excluded; the study population included 44 patients: 23 within the Small Incision group, and 21 within the Long Incision group. The 11 BPI scores between the two groups showed no significant difference. Small Incision group presented higher operative time than Long Incision group (138.69 vs. 112.14 minutes; P = 0.0001) while no significant differences were found regarding length of hospital stay (P = 0.95); respiratory complications (P = 0.92); FEV1% (P = 0.63), and 6‐Minute Walking Test (P = 0.77).ConclusionsA larger incision for uniportal VATS lobectomy significantly reduced the operative time due to better exposure of the anatomical structures without increasing postoperative pain or affecting the surgical outcome.Key points
A larger incision for uniportal VATS lobectomy significantly reduced the operative time due to better exposure of the anatomical structures without increasing postoperative pain or affecting the surgical outcome.
To perform a larger incision could be a valuable strategy, particularly in nonexpert hands or when the patient's anatomy or tumor size make exposure of anatomic structures through smaller incisions difficult.
Diagnostic inflammatory markers of acute cholangitis in liver transplant recipients
Authors: Beliaev Andrei M. , Bartlett Adam , Bergin Colleen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcute cholangitis (AC) after liver transplantation occurs in 8–12% patients and remains a significant cause of patients' morbidity and mortality. The 2018 Tokyo guidelines use white blood cell count and C‐reactive protein (CRP) as diagnostic criteria in AC. However, these and other common inflammatory markers have not been assessed in immunosuppressed liver transplant (LT) recipients with AC. The aims of this study were to compare the discriminative powers of common inflammatory markers, define the best inflammatory marker and determine the diagnostic cut‐off values for the inflammatory markers in LT recipients with AC.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. Over 16 years 212 LT recipients who underwent endoscopic biliary decompression were identified from hospital records. Thirty LT recipients with AC and 30 LT recipients without AC were randomly drawn in a 1:1 ratio.ResultsAmong inflammatory markers, CRP had the highest discriminative power for diagnosing AC. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves for CRP, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio were 95% (95% confidence interval (CI): 91–98), 59% (95% CI: 50–68), 65% (95% CI: 53–77) and 70% (95% CI: 59–80), respectively. The cut‐off value of CRP for diagnosing AC was equal to or above 9.5 mg/L.ConclusionCRP has the best discriminative power compared with other commonly used inflammatory markers for diagnosing AC in LT recipients. The optimal cut‐off value for CRP concentration in diagnosing AC is equal to or above 9.5 mg/L.
Solo single‐incision laparoscopic liver resection: a cohort series
Authors: Saad Mohamed Rabie , Choi YoungRok , Han Ho‐Seong , Yoon Yoo‐Seok , Cho Jai Young , Lee Jun Suh , Lee Bo Ram 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐incision laparoscopic liver resection (SILLR) is still challenging due to the unstable surgical view, the crowding instruments and its crossover. In this study, we present a new option of solo SILLR for various liver tumours in order to overcome those difficulties.MethodsSolo SILLR is indicated for liver tumours located in the left liver or in the superficial right liver. Data for 54 consecutive patients, who underwent solo SILLR between October 2015 and October 2018, were collected and analysed prospectively.ResultsA total of 30 patients (55.5%) underwent non‐anatomical resection. Left hemi‐hepatectomy was performed in 11 patients (20.4%) and left lateral was performed in 13 patients (24.1%). The median operative time was 114 (range 30–335) min with median blood loss of 400 (50–750) mL with no need of blood transfusion and no intraoperative complications. The median length of hospital stay was 3 (range 1–19) days. There was one case of post‐operative intra‐abdominal fluid collection and one case of incisional hernia during the follow‐up.ConclusionSolo SILLR is more feasible and safer for liver tumours located in the superficial right liver or in the left one. Therefore, solo surgery can be an option in SILLR.
Effect of bile duct clamping versus no clamping on surgical site infections in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy: a randomized controlled study
Authors: Singh Harjeet , Krishnamurthy Gautham , Kumar Hemanth , Gorsi Ujjwal , Kumar‐M Praveen , Mandavdhare Harshal , Sharma Vishal , Yadav Thakur D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundInfectious complications cause significant morbidity after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). The impact of uncontrolled spillage of bile during PD has not been systematically studied.MethodsPatients undergoing PD for malignant lesions between March 2017 and May 2019 were considered for inclusion. All patients underwent standard pre‐operative preparation and antibiotic prophylaxis. After confirmation of resectability, the patients were randomized into one of the two groups: common hepatic duct clamping using atraumatic bulldog clamp after biliary division (Group I) or no clamping (Group II). Post‐operative outcomes including surgical site infection (SSI) were compared.ResultsFifty‐two patients were assessed for eligibility and eventually 40 were randomized (median age: 53.5 years, 28 (70%) males). Twenty patients were randomized into each group and 14 in each group had undergone pre‐operative biliary drainage. Incidence of co‐morbidities, operative time and blood loss were comparable between the two groups. SSI was significantly lower in Group I (4 (20%) versus 11 (55%), P = 0.02). Number needed to treat to prevent one SSI was 3. Incidence of intra‐abdominal collections was higher in Group II, though, not statistically significant (2 (10%) versus 6 (30%), P = 0.23). The duration of post‐operative antibiotics was significantly higher in Group II (7 IQR 4 versus 11 IQR 7 days, P = 0.04). Among the risk factor evaluated in the entire population, higher incidence of SSI was seen in patients with positive bile culture (13 (65%) versus 2 (10%), P = 0.04).ConclusionBile duct clamping during PD reduces risk of superficial SSI.
Effect of topical Phenylephrine on the upper eyelid crease position
Authors: Queirós Tatiana Sofia Monteiro , Won‐Kim Hae‐Ryung , Sales‐Sanz Andrea , Sales‐Sanz Marco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of Phenylephrine test on the upper eyelid crease position.Material and MethodsThis study follows a prospective and analytical design and included patients with unilateral acquired involutional ptosis recruited between January 2015 and January 2018. In the Phenylephrine test, 1 drop of Phenylephrine 10% was instilled on the inferior fornix of the ptotic eye and the eyelid crease position was evaluated 10 min after.ResultsA total of 60 patients were included in the final sample. The mean Margin‐to‐reflex distance 1 (MRD1) of the ptotic eye was 2.1 ± 1.0 and 3.8 ± 0.6 mm before and 10 min after the instillation of Phenylephrine, respectively. The difference between the means was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Ninety‐five per cent of the eyes had a positive Phenylephrine test result. Of this, 100% showed a decrease in the height of eyelid crease after the drop. There was a statistically significant decrease in the height of eyelid crease from 10.3 ± 2.5 to 7.8 ± 2.0 mm (p < 0.001).ConclusionPhenylephrine test not only affects the eyelid position but also the eyelid crease height. We show a significative decrease in eyelid crease height to a symmetrical level with the contralateral lid in all patients that had a positive Phenylephrine test result. This effect is probably due to a posterior lamella shortening secondary to Müller’s muscle contraction and suggests that the eyelid crease is not only determined by the projections of levator aponeurosis, but also by the entire force vector of the upper eyelid retractors.
Salvia officinalis hydroalcoholic extract improved reproduction capacity and behavioral activity in rats exposed to immobilization stress
Authors: Bagheri Yasin , Keshtmand Zahra , Rahbarghazi Reza , Gharamaleki Mehrdad N. , Barati Alireza , Bagheri Sara , Rezaie Jafar , Rezabakhsh Aysa , Ahmadi Mahdi , Delashoub Masoud 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the Salvia officinalis hydroalcoholic extract on fertility capacity and behavioral features in rats exposed to immobilization stress. Male rats were randomly divided into five groups; Control; Stressed rats; and Stressed rats received 50, 100 and/or 200 mg/kg bw S. officinalis hydroalcoholic extract. To induce stress, rats were immobilized for 49 days and received S. officinalis extract orally. On day 56, we analyzed behavioral tests and evaluated reproduction capacity by measuring LH, FSH, and testosterone. Sperm parameters such as motility, viability, and total count were also determined. Bodyweight changes were also calculated on day 56. Male rats from different groups were mated with healthy female rats. Data showed that the use of 100 and 200 mg/kg bw S. officinalis extract in stressed rats increased bodyweight gain and improved behavioral disorders compared to control‐matched groups (p < .05). Besides, administration of 100 and 200 mg/kg bw S. officinalis extract had the potential to improve sperm parameters and fertility capacity in stressed rats (p < .05). Decreased testosterone levels were blunted in the stressed rats that received plant extract coincided with the reduction of LH and FSH compared to control‐matched stressed rats (p < .05). We found neutral effects in stressed rats that received 50 mg/kg bw plant extract. Collectively, the hydroalcoholic extract of S. officinalis could improve the fertility capacity and behavioral features under stressful conditions in a dose‐dependent manner.
Not a journal about people with learning disabilities without people with learning disabilities
Authors: Nind Melanie 
Published: May 2020

Accessible summary

This is my first editorial as chief editor. It is an honour to be editor. The journal supports the rights of people with learning disabilities. It works to improve their lives.

Editors before me helped to make the journal special. They encouraged people with learning disabilities to get involved in writing papers. One special issue of the journal was edited by researchers with learning disabilities in an inclusive research group.

Self‐advocates have said “if it's about us we should be able to write in it, otherwise what's the point?” Thanks to them we now have easy read guidance on how to write a paper and how to submit it to the journal.

I will make sure we have good guidance on how to review or quality check papers. We want papers that are good at involving and respecting people with learning disabilities. We want papers to be good research that says something new too.

I will also introduce In Response papers, where people with learning disabilities respond to the issues in other papers. This will help us to see where the papers are relevant to people's lives.

You can now write up to 7,000 words in papers for the journal. Before it was just 5,000 words.

There are new editors: Alex Kaley, Edurne Garcia Iriate, Elisabeth Olin, Lucy Series, Tim Stainton, Vasilis Strogilos, Iva Strnadová, Liz Tilley, Ben Simmons and Simo Vehmas.
I end with a word about COVID‐19. It means we need to hear the voices of people with learning disabilities like never before. We need to challenge the prejudice in who gets medical help. We should be proud of the great easy read information that people are sharing. And the creative ways people are finding to stay connected, and to stay safe and calm.
Literacy and Child Development in a Contemporary African Society
Authors: Serpell Robert 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this article, I propose a theoretical framework for understanding relations between literacy and child development: The literacy practices of a community map the cognitive affordances of script onto particular speech varieties in a sociocultural system. This leads to developmental goals and optimizing technologies situated in enabling institutional contexts. In many parts of Africa, institutionalized public basic schooling historically was imposed by Christian missionaries and sustained by colonial administration. Contemporary systems remain deeply infused with Western cultural hegemony. Most research on children’s literacy in Zambia has focused on individual literacy as a set of measurable competencies that can be assessed independently of context, construing language variety or instructional input as extraneous variables. A more integrated focus on literacy as a socially distributed practice in the context of a multilingual African society highlights cooperative learning and flexible communication across language boundaries. I suggest implications for bilingual education policy and planning for progressive social change.
Seeds of Success: A conservation and restoration investment in the future of U.S. lands
Authors: Barga Sarah C. , Olwell Peggy , Edwards Fred , Prescott Leah , Leger Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSeeds of Success (SOS) is a national seed collection program led by the Bureau of Land Management. SOS represents the most comprehensive native seed repository in the United States, supporting native plant restoration, management, and research. Since inception in 2000, SOS has collected seeds from over 24,400 native plant populations from ~5,600 taxa from 43 states. Collections include species important to wildlife, pollinators, and indigenous people, and over 10,000 collections have been shared for restoration and research use. We asked how many SOS sites have burned since collection, and identified 662 fires at 631 sites. If fire continues at the pace observed since 2011, an estimated 14% of collection sites will burn by 2050 and over 24% by 2080, putting genetic diversity at risk in areas where fire is linked with invasion. Analysis of 14 native forb species from the western United States found that many collections were from the warmest and driest portions of their range, areas at the highest risk of wildfire, subsequent invasion, and local extinction. SOS provides an opportunity to understand change in natural populations, and represents a critical repository of native plant genetic resources for conservation and future use.
Fibrinogen/Albumin ratio: A more powerful prognostic index for patients with end‐stage renal disease
Authors: Zou Yaowei , Zhu Zhaohua , Zhou Jingxuan , Wu Xiaoyu , Li Hongying , Ning Xiaoqun , Shi Yue , Niu Hongxin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicroinflammation is linked to an increased risk of death due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). Although the fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR), a novel inflammatory marker, has been shown to predict mortality in various diseases, limited evidence is available for its role in ESRD. The purpose of this study is to explore the prognostic value of the FAR in ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD).MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, we enrolled patients with ESRD who underwent PD therapy in our hospital between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2017. The Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the contact between the FAR level and mortality.ResultsA total of 562 patients were enrolled in our research. The median FAR was 0.12, and patients were divided into two groups (low FAR group: FAR < 0.12, n = 250, and high FAR group: FAR ≥ 0.12, n = 312) according to the median FAR. Kaplan‐Meier curves showed that the cumulative incidences of both all‐cause mortality and CVD mortality were significantly higher in patients with FAR ≥ 0.12 (both P < .001). In multivariable analysis, the high FAR group had an important increased risk of all‐cause and CVD mortality (HR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.03‐3.14, P = .038 and HR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.17‐4.59, P = .016, respectively).ConclusionsOur results suggest that a high baseline FAR value is an independent prognostic factor in ESRD patients on PD.
Systemic transsulfuration pathway thiol concentrations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Zinellu Angelo , Zinellu Elisabetta , Sotgiu Elisabetta , Fois Alessandro G. , Paliogiannis Panagiotis , Scano Valentina , Piras Barbara , Sotgia Salvatore , Mangoni Arduino A. , Carru Ciriaco , Pirina Pietro 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt is amply reported that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent evidence suggests that COPD patients have elevated concentrations of plasma homocysteine (Hcy), a transsulfuration pathway analyte that is commonly regarded as a CVD risk factor.DesignWe comprehensively investigated the plasma concentrations of transsulfuration pathway analytes, and their relationship with markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, to identify which low molecular thiols might play a pathophysiological role both in CVD and in COPD. Hcy, cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH), cysteinylglycine (CysGly), glutamylcysteine (GluCys), taurine (Tau), oxidative stress markers (TBARS and protein‐SH, PSH) and the inflammation marker kynurenine/tryptophan (Kyn/Trp) ratio were measured in 54 COPD patients and 54 control subjects.ResultsWe found increased concentrations of total Hcy (P < .01) and total CysGly (P < .05) in COPD patients when compared to controls. Total Hcy and CysGly were also significantly associated with abnormal lung function parameters and COPD severity. In COPD patients, total Hcy was significantly associated with the Kyn/Trp ratio (P = .0017) whereas total CysGly was significantly associated with both PSH (P = .0298) and the Kyn/Trp ratio (P = <.0001).ConclusionBoth total Hcy and CysGly concentrations were significantly associated with the presence and severity of COPD and with markers of oxidative stress (total CysGly) and inflammation (total Hcy and CysGly). This suggests that specific low molecular mass thiols might play a role in the inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways involved in both CVD and COPD.
Usefulness of saliva for perampanel therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Kim Do‐Yong , Moon Jangsup , Shin Yong‐Won , Lee Soon‐Tae , Jung Keun‐Hwa , Park Kyung‐Il , Jung Ki‐Young , Kim Manho , Lee SeungHwan , Yu Kyung‐Sang , Jang In‐Jin , Song KaHeon , Chu Kon , Lee Sangkun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) helps optimize drug management for patients with epilepsy. Salivary testing is both noninvasive and easy, and has several other advantages. Due to technical advances, salivary TDM has become feasible for several drugs, including AEDs, and its value has been investigated. Until recently, saliva TDM of perampanel (PER) had not been reported. The purpose of our study was to confirm whether saliva is a biological substitute for plasma in PER TDM.MethodsAdult patients diagnosed with epilepsy who received PER from August 2018 to March 2019 at Seoul National University Hospital were enrolled. Total and free PER were measured in simultaneously obtained plasma and saliva samples using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) and high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC). We examined the correlations between saliva and plasma PER concentrations and whether the use of concomitant medications classified as cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 inducers affected the correlations.ResultsThirty patients were enrolled, aged 16 to 60; 10 (33%) were women. Patients received 2 to 12 mg (mean, 6 mg) of PER. The average total and free concentrations of PER were 343.02 (46.6‐818.0) and 1.53 (0.51‐2.92) ng/mL in plasma and 9.74 (2.21‐33.0) and 2.83 (1.01‐6.8) ng/mL in saliva, respectively. A linear relationship was observed between the total PER concentrations in saliva and the total and free PER concentrations in plasma (both P < .001; r = .678 and r = .619, respectively). The change in the PER concentration caused by the CYP3A4 inducer did not affect the correlation between saliva and plasma concentrations (all P < .001).SignificanceThe PER concentration in saliva was correlated with that in plasma. This correlation was not affected by CYP3A4 inducers. Our results demonstrate for the first time that PER is measurable in saliva and suggest the potential for the clinical application of the saliva PER TDM matrix.