bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMBUATAN PHANTOM RADIOLOGI BERBAHAN DASAR KAYU LOKAL SEBAGAI PENGGANTI TULANG MANUSIA
Authors: Mufida Widya , Utami Asih Puji , Dewi Sofie Nornalita 
Published: February 2020

Background: Phantom radiology is used as a medium of learning as a substitute for human bones. In its use this phantom radiology has economic value high enough to be an obstacle to the learning process. Therefore, it is necessary to make a phantom with basic materials that are easily accessible and have the same density value as human bones.Methods: the method used throughout this study is through an experimental approach. The research stage involves testing the density of wood by comparing the density value of the sample used, determining the composition of the mixture between wood, contrast media and adhesives that produces phantom with the density that most closely resembles bone phantom.Results: From the results of the research, the density value of the anthropomorphic phantom humerus was 9034, and the information obtained for the density value of the four wood phantoms with basal values. Based on the results of the calculation of the density value obtained the highest value on phantom 1 with a density value of 12775, phantom with the lowest density value of 7682, namely the second phantom, the value of wood phantom density is quite close to the density value of anthropomorphic humerus phantom, namely phantom 3 with a density of 8986 and Phantom 4 density which is slightly above the wood Phantom 2 density value is 7773.Conclusions: In this study to produce wood phantom with a density that resembles bone phantom is carried out with local wood base material mixed with BaSO4 contrast media, so that the average density value is 8986 close to the density value in anthropomorphic bone phantom humerus.
Region growing algorithm combined with morphology and skeleton analysis for segmenting airway tree in CT images
Authors: Duan Hui-Hong , Gong Jing , Sun Xi-Wen , Nie Sheng-Dong 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: Automatic segmentation of pulmonary airway tree is a challenging task in many clinical applications, including developing computer-aided detection and diagnosis schemes of lung diseases. OBJECTIVE: To segment the pulmonary airway tree from the computed tomography (CT) chest images using a novel automatic method proposed in this study. METHODS: This method combines a two-pass region growing algorithm with gray-scale morphological reconstruction and leakage elimination. The first-pass region growing is implemented to obtain a rough airway tree. The second-pass region growing and gray-scale morphological reconstruction are used to detect the distal airways. Finally, leakage detection is performed to remove leakage and refine the airway tree. RESULTS: Our methods were compared with the gold standards. Forty-five clinical CT lung image scan cases were used in the experiments. Statistics on tree division order, branch number, and airway length were adopted for evaluation. The proposed method detected up to 12 generations of bronchi. On average, 148.85 branches were extracted with a false positive rate of 0.75%. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that our method is accurate for pulmonary airway tree segmentation. The strategy of separating the leakage detection from the segmenting process is feasible and promising for ensuring a high branch detected rate with a low leakage volume.
NATO adaptation to current challenges and mechanisms of Ukraine’s cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Authors: Poshedin Oleh 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the article is to describe the changes NATO undergoing in response to the challenges of our time. Today NATO, as a key element of European and Euro-Atlantic security, is adapting to changes in the modern security environment by increasing its readiness and ability to respond to any threat.
Adaptation measures include the components required to ensure that the Alliance can fully address the security challenges it might face. Responsiveness NATO Response Force enhanced by developing force packages that are able to move rapidly and respond to potential challenges and threats. As part of it, was established a Very High Readiness Joint Task Force, a new Allied joint force that deploy within a few days to respond to challenges that arise, particularly at the periphery of NATO’s territory. NATO emphasizes, that cyber defence is part of NATO’s core task of collective defence. A decision as to when a cyber attack would lead to the invocation of Article 5 would be taken by the North Atlantic Council on a case-by-case basis.
Cooperation with NATO already contributes to the implementation of national security and defense in state policy. At the same time, taking into account that all decision-making in NATO based on consensus, Ukraine’s membership in the Alliance quite vague perspective. In such circumstances, in Ukraine you often can hear the idea of announcement of a neutral status. It is worth reminding that non-aligned status did not save Ukraine from Russian aggression. Neutral status will not accomplish it either. All talks about neutrality and the impossibility of Ukraine joining NATO are nothing but manipulations, as well as recognition of the Ukrainian territory as Russian Federation area of influence (this country seeks to sabotage the Euro-Atlantic movement of Ukraine). Think about it, Moldova’s Neutrality is enshrined in the country’s Constitution since 1994. However, this did not help Moldova to restore its territorial integrity and to force Russia to withdraw its troops and armaments from Transnistria.
Formation and implementation of the State Policy in the sphere of European integration of Ukraine: problems and contradictions
Authors: Rieznikov Valerii 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the article is to identify the problems and contradictions of the state policy in the sphere of European integration of Ukraine and to justify the ways of overcoming them in the current conditions.
The main internal problem that hinders the European integration course of Ukraine, experts consider, first of all, inefficiency of the public administration system – insufficient level of competence of civil servants, excessive bureaucracy, unreformed and corrupt public administration system. The top five major internal problems also include: the situation in the Donbas (including both armed conflict and public sentiment), high levels of corruption in Ukrainian society, ineffective policy of informing the population about European integration, lack of consensus in the political and social issues.
The opinion that aggression, pressure and all-out hindrance from Russia will be a major external challenge for Ukraine’s European course, is shared by all experts interviewed. Among the major external obstacles, experts also cite internal problems of the EU itself, opposition or waiting position on the part of some EU members who do not want to break their ties with Russia, as well as the lack of a unified position in the European Union regarding the European perspective of Ukraine and the EU enlargement in general. Experts consider that the most effective factor contributing to the increase of the support of European integration in Ukrainian society is the successful implementation of internal reforms and the positive effect of ordinary citizens on them.
In today’s context, Ukraine’s accession to the EU remains a goal for which it is active in political, legal, economic and other spheres. Conclusions from this research and perspectives of future development in current area. At the present stage of social development the process of forming and implementing effective and effective state policy in the field of European integration is of particular importance. Ukraine’s accession to the EU is a long-term issue, which depends on both the effectiveness of internal reforms and the transformation processes in the EU. However, Ukraine already needs to insist on giving it a formal EU membership perspective.
FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN UKRAINE IN 1917‒1921: HISTORIOGRAPHICAL OVERVIEW
Authors: Kondratiuk Dmytro 
Published: February 2020

The aim of the work is to analyze the range of scientific works on the problem of formation and activities of local authorities in Ukraine in 1917–1921 in domestic and foreign historiography. Research methodology. The methodology is based on the basic principles of historical knowledge. We have been able to research the scientific literature from the time of creation of local authorities in the years of the Ukrainian Revolution to the present, thanks to the principles of comprehensiveness and systematic approach, in particular. Using a specific search method, we have formed a scientific literature on the subject for analyzing to address the goals and objectives of the article. Using the typological and problem and chronological method, we have made a chronological and thematic classification of the existing historiographic base. The method of comparativism allowed us to compare the views of different researchers and to clarify the content of specific works on the problem under study.
Scientific novelty. For the first time, a comprehensive review of available research has been conducted to highlight the specifics and trends of the creation and functioning of the local authorities in the era of the Ukrainian Revolution. Summarizing the disparate and fragmentary data, it was possible to determine the conceptual vision of the problem under study in the current historiography.
Summary. On the basis of the analysis of the historiographic base of the problem of formation and activities of local authorities in Ukraine during the Ukrainian Revolution in 1917‒1921 we have made the general classification and divided the available materials into three groups. The first group consists of the works of statesmen and direct participants in the events of the Ukrainian Revolution, in which they characterized the practice of creating local authorities. Soviet historians ignored this topic, considering in their studies the Bolshevik Councils, neglecting the importance of the activities of the authorities of the UNR and the Ukrainian state. The analysis of a range of the scientific achievements of contemporary domestic and foreign scientists attests to the considerable attention of historians to the period of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1921. However, it is necessary to note the extreme lack of elaboration of the theme of organization and activities of local authorities during the Ukrainian Revolution and to acknowledge the lack of structured comprehensive studies on this issue.
Social-political activity of O. Bobrinsky in the last quarter of the nineteenth century.
Authors: Карпань І. С. , Чернікова Н. С. 
Published: February 2020

The article deals with problems of the noble class in post-reform period in Russia (70–90-ies XIXth cent.) through A. Bobrinsky’s activity as the Leader of the St. Petersburg nobility. The study analyzed his activities towards the Nobility consolidation and involvement their representatives into development of Russian state policy. A. Bobrinsky belonged to the family of large landowners and successful sugar-growers of the Russian Empire. It greatly influenced to the formation of his political worldview and contributed to the growth of the young Count’s authority among the Nobility and Gentry. In the last quarter of the XIXth cent. A. Bobrinsky defended the dominant position of the Nobility as the provincial Governor (the Leader) of the St. Petersburg nobility. A. Bobrinsky’s main efforts were aimed to the consolidation of the Gentry to defend their own rights and privileges and their involvement to the Russian state authorities. He promoted the idea of founding a representative institution – the Duma or Zemsky Sobor – in Russian Empire. However, the purpose of its creation he was seen in the count in the redistribution of executive, judicial and punitive powers between government representatives and elected people from the Nobility. He was convinced that only the Gentry was worthy to represent the interests of Russian society in the state authorities. During this period, the young Bobrinsky attempted to unite the St. Petersburg nobility into the organization of «Svyataya Druzhyna». It was a semi-secret organization which established to protect of the Russian Tsar from possible terrorist acts. The purpose of the organization was rather limited and local, so it disintegrated soon. However, it contributed to the growth of A. Bobrysky’s authority as a loyal to the Tsar and autocracy personality. It had a great importance in the conditions of the economic and political crisis of the noble class. In the 90’s of the XIX cent. A. Bobrinsky took an active part in nobility meetings devoted to problems of the privileged class. Here he defended an idea of preserving the privileges and dominant position of the estate Nobility. He opposed the provision of political rights and state support to the estateless nobles-homeowners and representatives of the bourgeoisie. A. Bobrinsky didn’t reject an idea to create conditions for the nobility replenishment by the new social classes, but he saw it possibility only in the distant future. However, even government support didn’t contribute to consolidation processes and politicization among the nobility class. A. Bobrinsky with sadness stated that the meetings of the noble leaders continued to be only like private talks about preserving the nobility former positions in the social structure. So he had to change strategy and initiated the founding in 1906 a new organization – the United Nobility. During the next decade its existence largely predetermined the main directions of Russian government policy and as a whole.
Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair (TEVAR): A Case Report
Authors: Hossain GM Mokbul , Bashar AHM , Hakim Mohammad Enamul , Hossain Md Fidah , Dey Nirmal Kanti , Mamun Abdullah Al , Sarker Swadesh Ranjan , Arif Ashfaq , Mandal Naresh Chandra 
Published: February 2020

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is generally a disease of the elderly which remains mostly asymptomatic. It is often detected incidentally with imaging studies of the chest done for other reasons. We present a 55year-old smoker, normotensive and non-diabetic male patient who was diagnosed as a case of TAA and treated by endovascular means with thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) technique. Due to small caliber femoral artery, thoracic endograft was deployed through a Dacron graft conduit of 10 mm diameter which was anastomosed to the common iliac artery. It was a hybrid procedure done in cardiac catheterization laboratory under general anesthesia. Completion angiogram revealed good technical success with no endoleak or neurological deficit. Patient improved symptomatically after TEVAR.
Bangladesh Heart Journal 2019; 34(2) : 146-150
MENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SAINS SISWA KELAS V SD TUNAS BARITO SIDANGOLI MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL EMBELAJARAN THINK PHAIR SHARE (TPS) PADA KONSEP PERUBAHAN SIFAT BENDA
Authors: Majid Ilham 
Published: February 2020

Model pembelajaran Think Phair Share (TPS) adalah suatu model pembelajaran kooperatif yang memberi siswa waktu untuk berfikir dan merespon serta saling bantu satu sama lain. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar sains siswa kelas V SD Tunas Barito Sidangoli melalui penerapan model pembelajaran think pair share (TPS) pada konsep perubahan sifat benda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, terdapat Peningkatan aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar siswa dalam menggunakan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) Peningkatan aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar siswa tersebut terdlihat: Aktivitas siswa dalam hubungan kerja kelompok meningkat sebesar 55,5%. Dari siklus I dan Siklus II, peningkatan aktivitas siswa pada siklus I sebesar 42,5 % dan menjadi 97,75% pada siklus II. Hasil ketuntasan belajar siswa meningkat dari 82,75% pada siklus I menjadi 96,55% pada siklus II. Peningkatan aktivitas guru sebesar 87,49% pada siklus I dan menjadi 100% pada siklus II.Kata kunci: Think Phair Share ( TPS), Hasil Belajar, aktivitas siswa
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI EKSPONEN MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRI (Suatu Penelitian Pada Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 10 Kota Ternate)
Authors: Bani Asmar 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen yang bertujuan mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan hasil belajar siswa pada materi Eksponen melalui model pembelajaran Inquiri.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas SMA Negeri 10 Kota Ternate yang tersebar di tiga kelas dengan jumlah 122 siswa. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XA berjumlah 30 siswa yang dijadikan sebagai kelas kontrol dan siswa kelas XB berjumlah 32 siswa yang dijadikan sebagai kelas eksperimen, tekhnik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara Sampling purposive. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes hasil belajar siswa dengan 5 butir soal sebagai instrument yang telah divalidasi oleh validator. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah PAP skala 5, uji homogenitas, uji normalitas, uji t dan analisis peningkatan kemampuan hasil belajar siswa dengan N.Gain.Hasil pengujian hipotesis atau uji t diperoleh tHitung > tTabel atau 3,63 > 1,65 dengan demikian terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa antara kelas eksperimen yang diterapkan model pembelajaran Inquiri dengan kelas kontrol yang diterapkan pembelajaran Biasa.Hasil analis peningkatan kemampuan hasil belajar siswa kales eksperimen dengan N. Gain secara individu diperoleh 24 siswa mengalami peningkatan kemampuan hasil belajar tinggi, 8 siswa mengalami Peningkatan kemampuan hasil belajar sedang dan tidak ada siswa yang mengalami peningkatan kemampuan hasil belajar rendah, sedangkan secara klasikal hasil belajar siswa pada kelas eksperimen mengalami peningkatan kemampuan yang tinggi. Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Inquri, Peningkatan Kemampuan Hasil Belajar Siswa, Ekspone.
TEACHING VOCABULARY THROUGH GRAMMAR- TRANSLATION METHOD
Authors: Hi.Usman Abdurrahman 
Published: February 2020

As a traditional teaching method, Grammar-Translation Mehtod is still currently used nowadays. Although it is very suitable to teach grammar, but it is suitable for certain materials in certain places as well. One of the suitable materials is vocabulary. Vocabulary is very important all languages because there is no language without vocabulary. Every language is bulit up by the smallest meaningful unit that is called morpheme. Morphemes bulid up words, and the words listed in certain groups are called vocabulary. However, vocabulary has a very close relationship with grammar. Vocabulary is derived from morphology, and morphology is categorized grammar. Therefore, teaching vocabulary through Grammar-Translation Mehtod is possibly effective. Key words: teaching, vocabulary, words, language Grammar-Translation Mehtod
PENERAPAN METODA PEMBELAJARAN DISKUSI DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR BIOLOGI DENGAN MATERI POKOK EKOSISTEM DAN KOMPONEN PENDUKUNGNYA BAGI SISWA KELAS X SEMESTER II SMA NEGERI 5 KOTA TERNATE TAHUN PELAJARAN 2013/2014
Authors: Bessy Emmi 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada Peningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Melalui Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Diskusi Dalam Belajar Biologi Kelas X Semester II SMA Negeri 5 Kota Ternate. Sampel penelitian adalah kelas X dengan jumlah 30 siswa yang terambil dengan teknik Cluster Random sampling. Instrumen Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Tes Uji Kompetensi, Angket siswa, Lembar observasi, Wawancara dan Refleksi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif hasil Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), yaitu studi yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, mendeskripsikan, mengolah, menganalisa, menafsirkan dan menyimpulkan data sehingga diperoleh gambaran yang sistematis.Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga siklus, tiap siklus dalam penelitian meliputi empat langkah yaitu (1) perencanaan (planning), (2) pelaksanaan (acting), (3) observasi (observing), (4) refleksi (reflecting). Indikator keberhasilan penelitian ini adalah selama proses pembelajaran dan dilakukannya refleksi ternyata adanya peningkatan prestasi mata pelajaran biologi di kelas X Semester II SMA Negeri 5 Kota TernateHasil belajar mata pelajaran biologi dengan materi Ekosistem dan Komponen Pendukungnya melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran Diskusi dapat disajikan sebagai berikut:1. Hasil belajar pada siklus I nilai rata –rata menunjukkan.75,132. Hasil belajar pada siklus II nilai rata-rata menunjukkan.77,263. Hasil pada siklus III, nilai rata-rata menunjukkan.83,16 Dengan hasil tesebut menunjukan bahwa ada upaya peningkatan secra positif terhadap Prestasi Belajar Biologi Dengan Materi Pokok Ekosistem dan Komponen Pendukungnya Melalui Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Diskusi Bagi siswa kelas X Semester II SMA Negeri 5 Kota Ternate Maluku Utara. Kata Kunci: Prestasi Belajar Biologi, Ekosistem dan Komponen Pendukung, Metoda Diskusi.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA PADA SISWA SD KELAS IV SD 48 KOTA TERNATE
Authors: Mahmud Nurhamsa , Samad Rita 
Published: February 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah dapat meningkatkan aktivitas kreativitas peserta didik.penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA melalui penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada siswa kelas 4 SD 48 Kota Ternate dengan jumlah siswa 31 orang metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan keas yang terdiri dari dua siklus, setiap siklus terdiri 4 tahap yakni: 1. Tahap perencanaan, 2. Tahap pelaksanaan, 3. Tahap pengamatan, 4. Tahap refleksi. Untuk data hasil belajar melaui tes kemudian dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif dan presentase. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan menunjukkan penerapan pembelajran berbasis masalah mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dilihat dari siklus I tindakan I pada penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah mencapai nilai 45,25% kemudian pada hasil tes belajar belum ada siswa yang mencapai nilai KKM. Kemudian pada tindakan II siklus I pada penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalahmencapai nilai51,29, dan pada tes hasil belajar 9,42%. Selanjutnya pada siklus II pada tindakan I pada penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah mencapai nilai 58,52dan padahasil tes belajar mencapai 35,87%.kemudian pada siklus II tindakan II pada penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah mencapai nilai 49,13% danpada tes hasilbelajar sudah mencapai nilai 80,16%.sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah dapatmeningkatkanhasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 42 Kota Ternate.Kata Kunci: pembelajaran berbasis masalah, hasil belajar.