bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global well-posedness and analyticity for the fractional stochastic Hall-magnetohydrodynamics system in the Besov–Morrey spaces
Authors: Khaider Hassan , Azanzal Achraf , Raji Abderrahmane 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper studies the existence and uniqueness of solution for the fractional Hall-magnetohydrodynamics system (HMH) and with two stochastic terms (SHMH). Based on the theory of Besov–Morrey spaces and the contraction principle, we will demonstrate tow main result. The first result shows the existence, uniqueness and the analyticity of solution for (HMH) in Besov–Morrey spaces $$\textrm{N}_{p,\lambda }^{s}$$

N

p
,
λ

s

. The second result prove the existence and uniqueness of solution for (SHMH) in $${\mathcal {L}}_0^1\big (\Omega \times (0,T),{\mathcal {P}};{\mathcal {M}}_p^\lambda \big ) \cap \textrm{N}_{p,\lambda }^{s}$$

L
0
1

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0
,
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)

,
P
;

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.
Development of a carbon equivalent formula for underwater wet welding
Authors: Vaccari Leandro , Klett Jan , Scheithauer Thomas , Hassel Thomas , Maier Hans Jürgen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Steel structures play a vital role in the marine industry for application in ships, platforms, wind turbines, bridges, or pipelines. This leads to challenges if parts made from higher strength steels have to be repaired underwater. Underwater wet welding is the most common underwater repair method and highly prone to hydrogen-assisted cold cracking, especially in higher strength steels. A common method to access this risk in dry welding is based on the calculation of the carbon equivalent (e.g., CE or CET) representing the behavior of the parent metal based on its composition. However, these formulas were not specifically developed for wet welding conditions, and the applicability of these formulas on the special requirements of wet weldments has not been validated. In the present study, the effectiveness of existing CE formulas for underwater wet welding was evaluated. It is demonstrated that the conventional approaches designed for conventional welding under dry atmospheric conditions are hardly applicable to underwater wet welding. Based on comprehensive experimental data, a mathematical model leading to improved hardness and CE formulas dedicated to underwater wet welding was developed. The new formulas demonstrated greater efficiency in predicting hardness and carbon equivalent within the analyzed data, when compared to the existing formulas used for welding under dry atmospheric conditions.
Dephosphorization Behavior of Monazite Concentrates Through Carbothermal Treatment at High Temperatures: Thermodynamic Assessment and Experimental Study
Authors: Nababan Deddy C. , Pownceby Mark I. , Bruckard Warren J. , Rhamdhani M. Akbar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe high-temperature, carbothermal treatment of REE-bearing monazite concentrates to remove P in preparation for REE extraction was investigated. The study comprised a series of thermodynamic assessments followed by laboratory-scale experiments at 1400 °C and 1500 °C at 1 atm pressure. Two monazite concentrates with different compositions were used; a RE flotation concentrate from Australia and a high-grade Korean monazite concentrate. The Australian sample contained 38% total RE (49% monazite) as well as goethite (32 wt%) and aluminosilicate gangue constituents. The Korean sample was higher grade, containing 58% RE (91% monazite) with minor gangue components. The P level in the high-grade Korean monazite concentrate was reduced from 27.1% P2O5 to 1.9% P2O5 (93% reduction) following carbothermal reduction at 1400 °C. For the lower grade Australian concentrate and using the same conditions, the P level was lowered from 19.4 to 15.8% P2O5, i.e., only a 19% reduction. Characterization of the calcine for the Australian sample revealed that the remaining P was mainly associated with iron, as Fe2P, whereas the REs were tied up as REE-bearing silicates and aluminosilicates. For the Korean calcine, the REs were mainly present as REE-oxides and REE- silicates. These results indicated that impurities in the monazite concentrate such as Fe, Al, and Si significantly impact P removal during carbothermal treatment via the formation of unwanted metallics, phosphides, and REE-bearing aluminosilicate phases. Based on the results, a generalized monazite carbothermic dephosphorization mechanism, encompassing the effects of various feed impurities, is proposed. Further, the strategic implications for the dephosphorization of monazite using carbothermal treatment at high temperatures are discussed.
Graphical Abstract
Molecular characterization and insilico expression analysis of ammonium transporter genes family in Sorghum bicolor
Authors: Sarkar Tanushree , Bakshi Suman 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants, primarily absorbed from the soil as ammonium (NH₄⁺) through Ammonium Transporters (AMTs), which are plasma membrane proteins. This study involved the genome-wide identification, characterization, and insilico expression analysis of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) AMT genes (SbAMTs) in different tissues, including flowers, meristems, embryos, roots, and shoots, as well as under treatments with abscisic acid (ABA) and 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG). Structural analyses revealed conserved transmembrane domains, though SbAMT2.2 and SbAMT3.3 exhibited fewer domains due to their small protein size. Gene structure analysis showed significant intron variation between AMT1 and AMT2 families, while motif analysis suggested evolutionary divergence. Secondary and 3D structure analysis indicated that AMTs are predominantly composed of alpha-helices. Synteny analysis revealed strong gene conservation among Poaceae family members, especially with Zea mays. Gene ontology analysis (GO) and protein–protein interaction analysis highlighted roles in ammonium transport, nitrogen metabolism, and stress responses. Cis-element analysis of AMT promoter regions revealed regulatory elements responsive to light, hormones (eg. auxin, gibberellin, abscisic acid), and environmental stresses like drought and anaerobic conditions, suggesting AMTs’ involvement in growth, development, and stress adaptation. Expression profiling revealed tissue-specific patterns, with SbAMT1.2 being highly expressed in roots, and SbAMT3.3 broadly expressed across tissues. Stress-induced upregulation of SbAMT genes under ABA and PEG treatments suggests their involvement in drought tolerance. These findings provide valuable insights into the structure, function, and evolution of AMTs in S. bicolor, with potential applications for improving nitrogen use efficiency and stress resilience in crops.
Navigating performance measures for ambulatory antimicrobial stewardship: a review of HEDIS® and other metrics the steward should know
Authors: Arena Christen J. , Veve Michael P. , Fried Steven T. , Ware Felisa , Lee Patricia , Shallal Anita B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ambulatory antimicrobial stewardship can be challenging due to disparities in resource allocation across the care continuum, competing priorities for ambulatory prescribers, ineffective communication strategies, and lack of incentive to prioritize antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) initiatives. Efforts to monitor and compare outpatient antibiotic usage metrics have been implemented through quality measures (QM). Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS®) represent standardized measures that examine the quality of antibiotic prescribing by region and across insurance health plans. Health systems with affiliated emergency departments and ambulatory clinics contribute patient data for HEDIS measure assessment and are directly related to value-based reimbursement, pay-for-performance, patient satisfaction measures, and payor incentives and rewards. There are four HEDIS® measures related to optimal antibiotic prescribing in upper respiratory tract diseases that ambulatory ASPs can leverage to develop and measure effective interventions while maintaining buy-in from providers: avoidance of antibiotic treatment for acute bronchitis/bronchiolitis, appropriate treatment for upper respiratory infection, appropriate testing for pharyngitis, and antibiotic utilization for respiratory conditions. Additionally, there are other QM assessed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), including overuse of antibiotics for adult sinusitis. Ambulatory ASPs with limited resources should leverage HEDIS® to implement and measure successful interventions due to their pay-for-performance nature. The purpose of this review is to outline the HEDIS® measures related to infectious diseases in ambulatory care settings. This review also examines the barriers and enablers in ambulatory ASPs which play a crucial role in promoting responsible antibiotic use and the efforts to optimize patient outcomes.
The history of science, the ‘big picture’ and the politics of scale
Authors: Poskett James 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhat does it mean to write the history of science and the ‘big picture’? In this introduction, I argue that ‘scale’ is a crucial but relatively underutilized concept for addressing this question. Rather than taking ‘big’ as a transparent category, I develop a detailed theoretical account of scale in the history and historiography of science. Following work in political geography, I argue that there is a ‘politics of scale’, one that the sciences have played a key role in shaping. Following work in the philosophy of history, I argue that scale should be thought of in its temporal dimension as well as its more traditional spatial dimension. And following work in cultural anthropology, I argue that scale should be understood as an actor's category just as much as an analytic category. The sciences, it turns out, have been one of the principal means through which scale is made and contested. More broadly, this volume of BJHS Themes encourages a creative and open-ended approach to scale in the history of science.
The transfer learning of uncertainty quantification for industrial plant fault diagnosis system design
Authors: Blair J. , Amin O. , Brown B. D. , McArthur S. , Forbes A. , Stephen B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The performance and confidence in fault detection and diagnostic systems can be undermined by data pipelines that feature multiple compounding sources of uncertainty. These issues further inhibit the deployment of data-based analytics in industry, where variable data quality and lack of confidence in model outputs are already barriers to their adoption. The methodology proposed in this paper supports trustworthy data pipeline design and leverages knowledge gained from one fully-observed data pipeline to a similar, under-observed case. The transfer of uncertainties provides insight into uncertainty drivers without repeating the computational or cost overhead of fully redesigning the pipeline. A SHAP-based human-readable explainable AI (XAI) framework was used to rank and explain the impact of each choice in a data pipeline, allowing the decoupling of positive and negative performance drivers to facilitate the successful selection of highly-performing pipelines. This empirical approach is demonstrated in bearing fault classification case studies using well-understood open-source data.
Advancing psychosocial disability and psychosocial rehabilitation research through large language models and computational text mining
Authors: Amirian Soheyla , Kekre Ashutosh , Loganathan Boby John , Chavan Vedraj , Kandula Punith , Littlefield Nickolas , Franco Joseph R. , Tafti Ahmad P. , Ebuenyi Ikenna D. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Psychosocial rehabilitation and psychosocial disability research have been a longstanding topic in healthcare, demanding continuous exploration and analysis to enhance patient and clinical outcomes. As the prevalence of psychosocial disability research continues to attract scholarly attention, many scientific articles are being published in the literature. These publications offer profound insights into diagnostics, preventative measures, treatment strategies, and epidemiological factors. Computational text mining as a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI) can make a big difference in accurately analyzing the current extensive collection of scientific articles on time, assisting individual scientists in understanding psychosocial disabilities better, and improving how we care for people with these challenges. Leveraging the vast repository of scientific literature available on PubMed, this study employs advanced text mining strategies, including word embeddings and large language models (LLMs) to extract valuable insights, automatically catalyzing research in mental health. It aims to significantly enhance the scientific community’s knowledge by creating an extensive textual dataset and advanced computational text mining strategies to explore current trends in psychosocial rehabilitation and psychosocial disability research.
Constitutional Recency and Support for Judicial Review
Authors: Brown Adam R. , Krewson Christopher N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Under what conditions are people more likely to support judicial invalidation of legislative acts? We theorize that constitutional recency confers greater democratic legitimacy on constitutional provisions, reducing concerns that judges may use dated language to impose their own will on a living majority. Exploiting differences among US state constitutions, we show in a pre-registered vignette experiment and conjoint analysis that Americans are more supportive of judicial review and original intent interpretation when presented with a younger constitutional provision or constitution. These results imply that Americans might alter their approach to the US Constitution if it were changed as easily and as often as a typical state constitution.
Bypassing the IMF: Banco do Brasil and International Finance, 1964–1982
Authors: Alvarez Sebastian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The preponderance and influence of the public sector in the financial system have long been a defining characteristic of Brazilian capitalism. While exerting control over the national credit system through targeted lending policies and other regulatory tools, the federal government also wields significant weight through its state-owned institutions. This article delves into the role of Banco do Brasil (BB), a prominent financial institution and policymaking instrument of the Brazilian government, during the zenith of the developmental state between 1964 and 1982. In contrast to the prevailing focus on financing public spending, this study investigates the international engagements of BB and unveils its participation in managing the country’s external imbalances. BB’s financing proved crucial in bypassing the IMF and reinforcing the government’s commitment to industrialization and developmentalism. The article offers new insights into the forces of Brazil’s state-led finance and the political economy shaping its current banking and regulatory landscape.
Turkish version of the renal inpatient nutrition screening tool: validity and reliability for haemodialysis patients
Authors: Ersoy Söke Nursena , Karademir Emine , Bayrak Ebru , Körez Muslu Kazım , Yardımcı Hülya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the renal inpatient nutrition screening tool (Renal iNUT) for haemodialysis patients. The Renal iNUT and the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) were used in adult haemodialysis patients at two different centres to identify malnutrition. The subjective global assessment (SGA), regarded as the gold standard for nutritional status assessment, was utilised for comparison. Structural validity was assessed using biochemical values and anthropometric measurements, while reliability was assessed using repeated the Renal iNUT assessment. Of the 260 patients admitted, 42·3 % were malnourished (SGA score was B or C). According to the Renal iNUT, 59·6 % of the patients were at increased risk for malnutrition (score ≥ 1) and 3·8 % required referral to a dietitian (score ≥ 2). According to the MUST, 13·1 % of the patients were at increased risk for malnutrition and 8·5 % required referral to a dietitian. The Renal iNUT was found to be more sensitive in detecting increased risk of malnutrition in haemodialysis patients compared with the MUST (59·6 % v. 13·1 %). According to the SGA, the sensitivity of the Renal iNUT is higher compared to the MUST (89 % and 45 %, respectively). Kappa-assessed reliability of the Renal iNUT was 0·48 (95 % CI, 0·58, 0·9) and a moderate concordance was observed. The Renal iNUT is a valid and reliable nutritional screening tool for evaluating haemodialysis patients to determine their nutritional status. The use of the Renal iNUT by dietitians will contribute to the identification of malnutrition and its treatment.
Research into practice: Digital multimodal composition in second language writing
Authors: Yu Shulin , Zhang Emily Di , Liu Chunhong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Digital multimodal composing (DMC) has been valued as an engaging pedagogy in language teaching and learning in recent decades. Although research on DMC is flourishing and evidences its benefits for students' development as second language (L2) users and writers, there are some missing links between research findings and classroom practices. In this article, we examine three kinds of relationships between research and practice with regard to DMC: areas in which research findings have not been well applied, areas in which research findings have been reasonably well applied, and areas in which research findings have been usefully applied. As recent research–practice frameworks in education research emphasize a collaborative relationship between researchers and practitioners, we argue that L2 writing researchers' and teacher educators' reflections and experiences are crucial to facilitate the dialogue between DMC research and practice in writing contexts. We suggest that DMC should be incorporated into L2 teacher education programs so that instructors are equipped with the necessary knowledge and competence to design, implement, and assess students' DMC productions.
Acyclic population ethics and menu-dependent relations
Authors: Cato Susumu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
It has been shown that the Mere Addition Paradox occurs in a choice-functional approach with Path Independence (Stewart R.T., 2021, Path independence and a persistent paradox of population ethics, Journal of Philosophy, forthcoming). The present study is a three-part response to this finding. First, I show that Path Independence is not an essential property leading to this paradox and that logically weaker properties can get the same result. Second, I present a rationalizable choice function that does not yield the paradox. And third, I argue that menu-dependent relations are nicely examined if Path Independence is relaxed to Property

$\alpha $

(or equivalently, Contraction Consistency).
Global (re-)framing of cybercrime: An emerging common interest in flux of competing normative powers?
Authors: Wang Xin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article studies how ‘cybercrime’ is framed under the pre-existing regional prohibition regimes and how it would be reshaped under the auspices of the UN. This article adopts a sociolegal approach by integrating transnational criminal law (TCL) and the conceptual framework of recursivity. Observations and analyses show that (i) only the Budapest Convention has institutional capacity to shape ‘cybercrime’, while state behaviour of framing ‘cybercrime’ is actually subject to human rights instruments; (ii) states reach an exceptional compromise in transforming ‘cybercrime’ at the global level during the negotiations under the UN; and (iii) protection from cybercrime is emerging as a common interest. This author proposes that the normative changes of framing ‘cybercrime’ reflect the competition of states for normative power on the international plane; therefore, a pursuit of a universalist formula for countering cybercrime would not succeed owing to a lack of a global commitment to what basic norms and rules govern state behaviour in cyberspace. Lastly, this author proposes that transnational criminalization of cybercrime should seek a minimum public order at the first place because it is premature to provide any real global regulation at this moment.
The Lion Statue of Ain Dara: Revealing the Fate of an Icon of Syrian Archaeology Looted During the Conflict
Authors: Kannawi Ammar , Al Quntar (Al Kuntar) Salam , Gahli Dareen , Brodie Neil 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDuring the Syrian war, many archaeological sites were subjected to systematic looting and destruction, often on a massive scale. Among the casualties of this looting is a colossal basalt statue of a lion that was located at the archaeological site of Ain Dara in northwest Syria. The lion of Ain Dara is a prominent local symbol and of great importance for the collective memory of northwest Syria, especially for the people of Wadi Afrin. Its disappearance will also have serious repercussions for the local economy as it was, in the past, an important tourist attraction. In this article, we investigate how the statue was stolen, why it was stolen, and where it is now. By using the lion statue of Ain Dara as a case study, we aim to shed more general light on the networks responsible for looting and trafficking Syrian antiquities, the factors that have enabled their growth during the conflict, and the role of civil society organizations in reducing their harmful impact on the cultural community of the Syrian people.
Digging deep for nutrients and metabolites derived from high dietary protein intake and their potential functions in metabolic health
Authors: Gilsenan Sarah , Leong Dara , Cotter Paul D. , Brennan Lorraine , Nilaweera Kanishka N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Intake of high quantities of dietary proteins sourced from dairy, meat or plants can affect body weight and metabolic health in humans. To improve our understanding of how this may be achieved, we reviewed the data related to the availability of nutrients and metabolites in the faeces, circulation and urine. All protein sources (≥20% by energy) increased faecal levels of branched-chain fatty acids and ammonia and decreased the levels of butyrate. Some metabolites responded to dairy and meat proteins (branched-chain amino acids) as well as dairy and plant proteins (p-cresol), which were increased in faecal matter. Specific to dairy protein intake, the faecal levels of acetate, indole and phenol were increased, whereas plant protein intake specifically increased the levels of kynurenine and tyramine. Meat protein intake increased the faecal levels of methionine, cysteine and alanine and decreased the levels of propionate and acetate. The metabolite profile in the faecal matter following dairy protein intake mirrored availability in circulation or urine. These findings provide an understanding of the contrasting gut versus systemic effects of different dietary proteins, which we know to show different physiological effects. In this regard, we provide directions to determining the mechanisms for the effects of different dietary proteins.