bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthy Pain-Free Individuals with a History of Distal Radius Fracture Demonstrate an Expanded Distribution of Experimental Referred Pain Toward the Wrist
Authors: Doménech-García Víctor , Palsson Thorvalur S , Boudreau Shellie A , Bellosta-López Pablo , Herrero Pablo , Graven-Nielsen Thomas 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
Nociception caused by injuries may sensitize central mechanisms causing expanded pain areas. After recovery, the status of such pain distribution and sensitivity mechanisms is unknown. The present study investigated whether individuals who have fully recovered from a distal radius fracture demonstrate increased pain sensitivity and expanded distribution of pressure-induced pain.

Design
Cross-sectional single-blinded study.

Setting
Clinical setting.

Subjects
Twenty-three pain-free individuals with a history of painful distal radius fracture and 22 nonfractured, age/gender-matched controls participated in two experimental sessions (day 0, day 1) 24 hours apart.

Methods
Pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were recorded bilaterally at the extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL), infraspinatus, and gastrocnemius muscles. Spatial distribution of pain was assessed following 60-second painful pressure stimulation at the ECRL (bilateral) and the infraspinatus muscles on the fractured or dominant side. Participants drew pain areas on a body map. After day 0 assessments, prolonged pain was induced by eccentric exercise of wrist extensors on the fractured/dominant side.

Results
Compared with controls, pressure-induced ECRL pain in the fracture group referred more frequently toward the distal forearm (P &lt; 0.005) on day 0. Both groups showed larger pain areas on day 1 compared with day 0 (P &lt; 0.005), although the fracture group showed a larger relative change between days (P &lt; 0.005). The fracture group showed larger pain areas on the fracture side compared with the contralateral side on both days (P &lt; 0.005).

Conclusions
Prolonged pain and recovered prior painful injuries like fractures may sensitize pain mechanisms manifested as expanded pain distribution. Pressure-induced referred pain can be a simple pain biomarker for clinical use.
Identification and prediction of novel classes of long-term disease trajectories for patients with juvenile dermatomyositis using growth mixture models
Authors: Deakin Claire T , Papadopoulou Charalampia , McCann Liza J , Martin Neil , Al-Obaidi Muthana , Compeyrot-Lacassagne Sandrine , Pilkington Clarissa A , Tansley Sarah L , McHugh Neil J , Wedderburn Lucy R , De Stavola Bianca L ,   for the Juvenile Dermatomyositis Research Group
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesUncertainty around clinical heterogeneity and outcomes for patients with JDM represents a major burden of disease and a challenge for clinical management. We sought to identify novel classes of patients having similar temporal patterns in disease activity and relate them to baseline clinical features.MethodsData were obtained for n = 519 patients, including baseline demographic and clinical features, baseline and follow-up records of physician’s global assessment of disease (PGA), and skin disease activity (modified DAS). Growth mixture models (GMMs) were fitted to identify classes of patients with similar trajectories of these variables. Baseline predictors of class membership were identified using Lasso regression.ResultsGMM analysis of PGA identified two classes of patients. Patients in class 1 (89%) tended to improve, while patients in class 2 (11%) had more persistent disease. Lasso regression identified abnormal respiration, lipodystrophy and time since diagnosis as baseline predictors of class 2 membership, with estimated odds ratios, controlling for the other two variables, of 1.91 for presence of abnormal respiration, 1.92 for lipodystrophy and 1.32 for time since diagnosis. GMM analysis of modified DAS identified three classes of patients. Patients in classes 1 (16%) and 2 (12%) had higher levels of modified DAS at diagnosis that improved or remained high, respectively. Patients in class 3 (72%) began with lower DAS levels that improved more quickly. Higher proportions of patients in PGA class 2 were in DAS class 2 (19%, compared with 16 and 10%).ConclusionGMM analysis identified novel JDM phenotypes based on longitudinal PGA and modified DAS.
Genetic Variation in the Microfibril Angle of Loblolly Pine From Two Test Sites
Authors: Myszewski Jennifer H. , Bridgwater Floyd E. , Lowe William J. , Byram Thomas D. , Megraw Robert A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In recent years, several studies have examined the effect of microfibril angle (MFA) on wood quality. However, little research has been conducted upon the genetic mechanisms controlling MFA. In this study, we examined the heritability of MFA in loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L.,and its genetic relationships with height, diameter, volume, and specific gravity. Increment cores were collected at breast height from 20 to 25 progeny from each of 12 to 17 crosses (among 11 parents) in two modified partial-diallels in different locations in southern Arkansas. Specific gravitywas measured on segments containing rings 1 through 5 and on segments containing rings 6 through 20. MFA was measured on the earlywood and latewood sections of rings 4, 5, 19, and 20. Rings 4 and 5 were chosen as representative of core wood and rings 19 and 20 as representative of outer wood. Analyses of variance revealed statistically significant genetic and environmental influences on MFA. Significant general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and SCA × block effects indicated that there are both additive and nonadditive genetic influences on MFA. Individual-tree, narrow-sense heritability estimates were variable, ranging from 0.17 for earlywood (ring) 4 MFA to 0.51 for earlywood (ring) 20 MFA. Genetic correlations between MFA, specific gravity, and the growth traits were nonsignificant due to large estimated standard errors. South.J. Appl. For. 28(4):196–204.
An albino mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced using high-fat liquid “Lieber-DeCarli” diet: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Ore Ayokanmi , Ugbaja Regina Ngozi , Adeogun Abideen Idowu , Akinloye Oluseyi Adeboye 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Experimental diet models have proven to be vital to understanding the pathophysiology and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Lieber-DeCarli high-fat, liquid diet have been used to produce NAFLD in rat models. There is, however, currently no information on the effects of this diet in the mouse model.

Methods:
Ten (n = 10) male albino mice (27.7 ± 2.0 g) were divided into 2 diet groups (n = 5/group). Animals from group 1 were fed with standard chow diet (CD group) and those from group 2 were fed with Lieber-DeCarli high-fat, liquid diet (high-fat diet or HFD group) ad libitum for a period of 4 weeks.

Results:
Data obtained show insulin resistance in the HFD group with a significant increase in plasma lipid profile. Level of cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver and plasma increased significantly (P
< .05) in the HFD group compared with the CD group. Plasma level of tumor necrosis factor alpha increased significantly in the HFD group compared to control. Also, indicators of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls) increased significantly coupled with a significant reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) level and activity of glutathione peroxidase in the liver of mice in the HFD group compared to CD group. Histopathological evaluation of liver sections reveals steatosis with ballooned hepatocytes.

Conclusions:
Data from the present study suggest that the Lieber-DeCarli high-fat, liquid diet may be vital in the study of fatty liver disease in albino mouse. This model may also produce the features of NAFLD in a shorter time in albino mice.
Dietary patterns and gestational hypertension in nulliparous pregnant Chinese women
Authors: Chen Xiaoju , Ding Yiling , Shi Lei , Wu Dongcai , Wang Li , Chen Fangrong , Mo Yuqiao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It has been well established that dietary patterns play important roles in the pathogenesis and development of hypertension. Our aim was to investigate the association between pregnancy dietary patterns and the risk of hypertension among nulliparous pregnant Chinese women.
A cross-sectional, case-control study.
Three hospitals in Haikou, the capital of Hainan Province, South China.
A total of 2580 participants who reported dietary intake using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
Four primary dietary patterns were identified by principal component factor analysis and labeled as traditional Chinese, animal food, Western food, and salty snacks patterns. Women with high scores on pattern characterized by salty snacks were at increased risk.
This study suggests that dietary pattern characterized by salty snack increases the risk of hypertension during pregnancy.
High serum OX40 ligand correlates with severity and mortality in patients with massive cerebral infarction
Authors: Mao Lun-Lin , Chen Wen-Ya , Ma Ai-Jin , Ji Li-Li , Huang Ting-Ting 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
OX40 ligand (OX40L) is a member of tumor necrosis factors (TNF)/TNFR superfamily and is mainly expressed in activated T cells and participates in various inflammatory reactions. However, it remains unclear about the role of serum OX40L as a biomarker of cerebral infarction (CI). This study aimed to explore the possibility of serum OX40L as a meaningful predictor in mortality of CI. Severe CI patients were included to collect clinicopathological and laboratory data and measure serum OX40L level. Patients were followed up after discharge and 60-day survival rate was used as the study endpoint. The results showed that of all 294 patients, 123 (41.8%) died within 60 days after admission. Serum OX40L levels were significantly higher in patients with severe CI compared to healthy controls, and were significantly higher in nonsurvivors compared to survivors (P < .05). The levels of OX40L were correlated with Glasgow Coma Scale score, serum creatinine and high-sensitive C-reactive protein. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum OX40L level was an independent prognostic factor for 60-day mortality, after control of pulmonary infection, glasgow coma scale score and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (odds ratio = 1.089; 95% confidence interval = 1.053–1.126; P < .001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to predict the best cut-off of serum OX40L for 60-day survival as 35.5 ng/mL. Patients with high serum OX40L levels (>35.5 ng/mL) had a significantly higher mortality within 60 days (hazard ratio = 2.885; 95% confidence interval = 1.901–4.378). In conclusion, OX40L is a serum biomarker of patients with CI and associated with severity and mortality of this disease.
Treatment outcomes in children with Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with versus without coexisting Down's syndrome
Authors: Liao Wenjun , Liu Ying 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Down syndrome (DS) also known as Trisomy 21, is a chromosomal disorder affecting approximately 1 in 732newborns annually in the United States. Children with DS are more likely to develop acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). For the management of pediatric ALL, different treatment protocols have been set up since years. However, ALL children with coexisting DS have shown to have increased therapy-related toxicities compared to those without DS. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to systematically analyze the treatment outcomes in acute ALL children with versus without coexisting DS.

Methods:
Electronic databases including the Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google scholar were searched for publications reporting treatment related outcomes in ALL children with versus without co-existing DS. Several treatment protocols were used accordingly. This study had a long-term follow-up time period ranging from 5 to 10 years. The RevMan 5.3 software was used to carry out this analysis. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to represent the results post analysis.

Results:
A total number of 31,476 children with ALL enrolled between the years 1981 and 2011 were included. Among the total number of children with ALL, 1303 had coexisting DS. Our results showed that event-free survival was similar in ALL children with versus without DS (odds ratio [OR]: 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51–3.50; P = .55). Overall mortality (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 0.86–3.10; P = .13) and participants who achieved clinical remission (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.12–9.29; P = .97) were also similarly manifested. However, treatment-related mortality (OR: 4.29, 95% CI: 2.90–6.36; P = .00001) and induction failure (OR: 2.77, 95% CI: 1.08–7.07; P = .03) were significantly higher in the DS group. Also, total (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.02–1.88; P = .04) and bone marrow relapses (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.00–1.67; P = .05) were significantly higher in ALL children with DS. Nevertheless, central nervous system relapse (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.60–2.20; P = .67), testicular relapse (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.38–1.85; P = .87), and other relapses (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.27–4.62; P = .88) were not significantly different when these outcomes were separately analyzed.

Conclusion:
Based on this analysis of the treatment outcomes in ALL children with versus without DS, event-free survival, overall mortality, and patients who achieved clinical remission were similar during this long-term follow-up time period. However, due to the significantly higher treatment-related mortality, induction failure, and certain relapses in ALL children with DS, new guidelines might have to focus on reconsidering or modifying treatment regimens for ALL children with DS.
A meta-analysis of the safety and effectiveness of pemetrexed compared with gefitinib for pre-treated advanced or metastatic NSCLC
Authors: Lu Xiaoxin , Li Shengshu , Chen Weizong , Zheng Dongyang , Li Yuzhu , Li Fang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
The purpose of the current meta-analysis was to compare the oncological outcomes of pemetrexed versus gefitinib in pre-treated advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods:
Search the online electronic databases on comparison the effectiveness and adverse effects of pemetrexed versus gefitinib in therapy outcomes of pre-treated NSCLC to September 2019. All studies analyzed the summary odds ratios (ORs) of the main outcomes, including survival efficacy and toxicity complications.

Results:
In all, 5 trials involving 676 subjects were included, with 332 receiving pemetrexed and 344 using gefitinib. The pooled analysis of overall survival (OS) (OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.77–1.21, P = .76) and progression-free survival (PFS) (OR = 1.17, 95%CI = 0.60–2.30, P = .65) showed that pemetrexed did not achieve benefit when compared with gefitinib. In the results of subgroup analysis among the EGFR mutation-positive patients, the comparison of gefitinib therapy versus pemetrexed did show PFS benefit 0.35 (95%CI 0.12–1.01; P = .05). In terms of grade 3 or 4 side effects, a similar toxicity profile of both pemetrexed and gefitinib was shown in the incidence rate of rash (P = .045), fatigue (P = .97), thrombocytopenia (P = .68) and anemia (P = .21) between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
Pemetrexed was not associated with survival benefit than gefitinib therapy among pre-treated NSCLC patients. While, gefitinib showed superior PFS efficacy than pemetrexed for patients with EGFR mutation-type. Future investigations are required to identify relevant biomarkers in selected patients that would most likely benefit from pemetrexed or gefitinib treatment in pre-treated advanced NSCLC patients.
The effect of early dual antiplatelet timing on the microvascular resistance and ventricular function in primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Firman Doni , Taslim Imammurahman , Wangi Surya Buana , Yonas Emir , Pranata Raymond , Alkatiri Amir Aziz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Although dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) has been shown to improve index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), the importance of the early DAPT administration on IMR and left ventricular function has not been clearly defined. In this study, we aimed to assess whether early DAPT administration affect IMR, epicardial flow, and left ventricular function in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
This was a prospective non-randomized study on STEMI receiving primary PCI in a tertiary hospital. All subjects received loading dose DAPT (Aspirin + Clopidogrel) before primary PCI. Patients were then divided into 2 groups, the first group consists of patients receiving DAPT time ≤2 hours and the second group consists of those with DAPT time >2 hours. The primary endpoint of this study was IMR, a microvasculature function index measured quantitatively by pressure-/temperature-tipped guidewire after balloon dilatation. The secondary endpoint was the mean difference of global longitudinal strain (GLS) change at 6 months follow-up, TIMI flow before, and after PCI between the 2 groups.
There were 40 subjects qualified for the study, 20 subjects in each group. There was no significant difference in IMR (50.90 [34.66] vs 58.06 [45.56], P = .579) between the 2 groups. Early administration of DAPT improved ventricular function at 6 months, reflected by statistically significant greater improvement in terms of ΔGLS (–3.48 [2.61] vs –1.23 [2.87], P = .013) and Δejection fraction (10.65% [8.74] vs –0.75% [12.83], P = .002) in the DAPT time ≤2 hours group compared with DAPT time >2 hours group. TIMI flow before PCI (P = .653) and TIMI flow after PCI (P = .205) were similar in the 2 groups.
Early DAPT administration ≤2 hours may improve left ventricular function, but not IMR and TIMI flow.
Interdialytic blood pressure variability and the risk of stroke in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Cheng Yue , Li Yunming , Zhang Fan , Zhu Jun , Wang Tao , Wei Meng , Mo Liwen , Li Yi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Studies on nondialysis populations have linked visit-to-visit blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) to cerebrovascular events and mortality. In view of the high prevalence of hypertension in hemodialysis patients, the predictive values of numerous factors for stroke, especially visit-to-visit BPV, were evaluated in this prospective cohort study.
A total of 151 patients were enrolled in this study. The demographic features and various laboratory parameters were analyzed. At each routine hemodialysis visit, the predialysis, intradialysis, and post-dialysis BP measurements were systematically performed. We defined BPV using 4 metrics: standard deviation of the BP, coefficient of variation, average real variability (ARV), and variability independent of mean (VIM). Differences in the predialysis BPs from one treatment to the next (ie, interdialytic variability) and differences in the BPs from predialysis to post-dialysis (ie, intradialytic variability) were both studied in this work.
Twenty-one patients developed stroke and 25 patients died. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed a significant relationship between stroke and the interdialytic BPV (both predialysis systolic BP variability and predialysis diastolic BP variability) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C).
Our results indicate that a high interdialytic BPV is associated with an increased risk for stroke that is independent of several factors, including age, sex, antihypertensive medication use, and mean BP over time. There is potential that the optimal treatment goal for hemodialysis patients may be to reduce the interdialytic BPV rather than either the mean BP or the intradialytic BPV.
Vinegar and Its Active Component Acetic Acid Inhibit SARS-CoV-2 InfectionIn VitroandEx Vivo
Authors: Pagani Isabel , Ghezzi Silvia , Clementi Massimo , Poli Guido , Bussi Mario , Pianta Luca , Trimarchi Matteo , Vicenzi Elisa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEffective and economical measures are needed to either prevent or inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, in the upper respiratory tract. As fumigation of vinegar at low concentration (0.34%) ameliorated the symptoms of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection, we testedin vitrothe potential antiviral activity of vinegar and of its active component, acetic acid. We here demonstrate that both vinegar and acetic acid indeed strongly inactivate SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in Vero cells. Furthermore, vinegar treatment caused a 90% inhibition of the infectious titer when directly applied to a nasopharyngeal swab transfer medium of a COVID-19 patient. These effects were potentiated if conduced at a temperature of 45 °C vs. 37 °C, a condition that is transiently generated in the upper respiratory tract during fumigation. Our findings are consistent and extend the results of studies performed in the early and mid-20thcentury on the disinfectant capacity of organic acids and can provide an affordable home-made aid to prevent or contain SARS-CoV-2 infection of the upper respiratory tract.
Persistent lymphocytopenia does not increase nosocomial infection risk in the ICU
Authors: Varkila Meri R.J. , Marrec Louise , Daix Thomas , Hoefer Imo E , Haitjema Saskia , Bonten Marc J.M. , Cremer Olaf L. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundLymphocytopenia is frequent in critically ill patients and has been associated with an increased risk of nosocomial infections and death in the ICU. Immunotherapies to promote recovery of lymphocyte counts have therefore been proposed. However, it is unknown if lymphocytopenia is a direct cause of ICU-acquired infections and death, or merely a marker of disease severity. We set out to study the prevalence, temporal evolution, and clinical correlates of lymphocytopenia in ICU patients, and estimate the attributable risk of lymphocytopenia in ICU-acquired infections.MethodsWe assessed the association between persistent lymphocytopenia (absolute lymphocyte counts <1×10^9/L on day 4) and ICU-acquired infections using multivariable competing risk Cox-regression analyses.ResultsAmong 2302 patients admitted to a Dutch tertiary ICU having sepsis, trauma, or major surgery between 2011 and 2018, persistent lymphocytopenia was observed in 980 (42.6%) subjects. Lymphocyte counts remained relatively stable during early ICU admission, and the median duration of lymphocytopenia was 3 (IQR 1-6) days among exposed patients. ICU-acquired infections occurred in 239 (18.1%) patients without and 214 (21.8%) patients with persistent lymphocytopenia (p=0.03). However, in multivariable survival analysis persistent lymphocytopenia was not associated with infection occurrence, either directly (adjusted cause-specific HR 1.08, 95% CI, 0.90–1.31) or indirectly (subdistribution HR 1.09, 95% CI, 0.91–1.32). Sensitivity analyses did not alter these findings.ConclusionPersistent lymphocytopenia was not associated with a higher incidence rate of nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. This challenges the rationale for using absolute lymphocyte counts as a therapeutic target to prevent ICU-acquired infections.