bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Music, mining and colonisation: Sámi contestations of Sweden’s self-narrative
Authors: Rosamond Annika Bergman 
Published: May 2020

Sweden’s dominant self-narrative has tended to marginalise its historical colonisation of Sápmi. This aspect of Swedish history sits uncomfortably with prevalent understandings of that self-identity. Indeed, there has been little emphasis on the historical subordination of Sámi people in political science scholarship on Swedish exceptionalism and internationalism. This article problematises this absence by centring the analysis on Sámi musician Sofia Jannok’s efforts to decolonise Sápmi through her music. The first part examines Sweden’s colonisation of Sápmi and the tensions between Sámi reindeer herding communities, mining interests and the Swedish state. This is followed by an exploration of the constitutive relationship between music, politics and celebrity, as sites of political communication. A two-step analysis follows, investigating the broad themes in Sofia Jannok’s personal narrative and the discursive markers defining her music and politics. The analysis shows how her narrative intersects with the discursive themes of her musical expression and other engagements.
La segregación por género en la Formación Profesional (FP). Hallazgos y propuestas a partir de un proceso participativo de diseño de políticas públicas de juventud en Ontinyent, Valencia, España
Authors: Ortega Javier , Piciucchi Danny , Ruiz-Callado Raúl , De-Gracia-Soriano Pablo 
Published: May 2020

La Formación Profesional (FP) es uno de los campos sobre los que más debate está habiendo en la actualidad. Se trata de una modalidad formativa vinculada expresamente al mercado laboral y que tiene, por tanto, efectos sustanciales en el desarrollo profesional de la juventud. Este artículo pretende ofrecer reflexiones y propuestas que surgen de la juventud que participó en el proceso de investigación y en el diseño del I Plan de Juventud de Ontinyent (Valencia). En concreto, se presenta la Formación Profesional desde una perspectiva de género y desde la mirada de la juventud, con un enfoque participativo que permite la reflexión, el debate, la deliberación y el diseño bottom-up de ejes estratégicos para la ejecución de políticas públicas. A partir del consenso en la existencia de un escenario actual con una clara segregación por género en la FP, se ponen en relación tres ideas-fuerza sobre las cuáles se profundiza, desde un marco cualitativo, en las causas, los efectos y las posibles propuestas que deberían programarse para revertir dicha problemática. Estas ideas-fuerza son: la estigmatización de la FP, la segregación por género en la FP en función de las familias profesionales y los procesos de orientación formativa. En definitiva, se presenta una investigación que atiende a nuevas tendencias emergentes en este campo, tratando al mismo tiempo de contribuir a valorar la FP, resituar el debate desde la perspectiva de género y, además, visibilizar las potencialidades de los procesos participativos en el marco del diseño de políticas públicas de juventud.
Current Knowledge on the Pathogenesis of and Therapeutic Options against SARS-CoV-2: An Extensive Review of the Available Evidence
Authors: Adesanya Oluwafolajimi A. , Adewale Boluwatife A. , Ebengho Ikponmwosa G. , Okwunze Kenechukwu F. , Ebengho Judith O. , Fakorede Olayinka A. , Olugbamigbe Ifeoluwa D. , Igwe Hilda A. 
Published: May 2020

Background: By May 16, 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus had spread to 188 countries, infecting over 4.6 million people and causing 310,520 fatalities. A major factor responsible for the voracious spread of the virus is the lack of specific therapeutics for treatment. Current efforts have focused on repurposing existing agents with proven antiviral properties for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of the virus; the current standard of care and state of knowledge on the antiviral effect of some of the therapeutic options, including Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine, Remdesivir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir combination and Convalescent Plasma; and examine the efforts so far towards the development of a vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2.
Main Body: The current standard of care which includes supportive treatment and oxygen therapy are crucial in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Convalescent plasma has a strong immunotherapeutic potential for the treatment of both MERS- CoV and SARS-CoV infections, which many clinical studies have shown to be applicable for treating SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (GS-5734), an experimental Ebola virus drug effectively inhibited SARS-CoV-2 in-vitro and in-vivo, and has recently been given emergency use authorization by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) following early signs of success in human clinical trials. The therapeutic potential of the Lopinavir/Ritonavir combination has been extensively explored, and though promising; it had no significant effect on viral clearance and has been associated with severe adverse reactions. Chloroquine & Hydroxychloroquine have been shown to effectively inhibit the infection in-vitro and in animal models, and had a significant viral clearance. Most vaccine development efforts remain in Phase I stage of development.
Conclusion: The current state of knowledge about the therapeutic options against SARS-CoV-2 shows great promise, however, more structured clinical studies are needed to provided much needed evidence to support the establishment of proper guidelines of therapy to curb the pandemic.
Overview of the Management of COVID-19 Efficacy and Doubts
Authors: Ayodeji O. A. , Stanley C. N. , Stanley P. C. 
Published: May 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is defined as an illness caused by a novel coronavirus now called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2. It was first identified during an outbreak of respiratory illness cases in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Management of COVID-19 is still unspecific as there are no vaccine or specific antiviral drugs are available for its treatment. This paper reviews the management efficacy and doubt of COVID-19.
Methods: A comprehensive search from relevant literatures, World Health Organization (W.H.O), Centre for Disease Control and prevention (CDC) official websites and announcements was performed between 1 March 2020 to 10:30 am 22 April 2020 (Nigerian time). A latest summary of 2019- nCoV and the current outbreak was drawn.
Conclusion: The covid-19 pandemic is spreading rapidly and several researchers are making efforts to discover drugs for its treatment. Chloroquine phosphate, vaccines and other forms of management strategies have been employed. However, preventive measures like social distancing, washing of hands with soap and water, wearing of face masks and psychosocial treatment should be adopted while waiting for pharmacological treatments.
Cathode Architectures for Rechargeable Ion Batteries: Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Ni Jiangfeng , Li Liang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo satisfy the rising demand for energy, battery electrodes with higher loading, to simultaneously increase areal energy and power, are necessary. Nevertheless, in conventional thin‐film electrodes, there is mutual exclusion between energy (capacity) and power. Increasing the thickness of electrodes alone is not feasible since this will lead to reductions in ion‐diffusion efficiency, as well as electrode flexibility. To address this difficulty, 3D electrode architectures, especially cathode architectures, are proposed to pave a new path for the design and optimization of battery devices. Recent research suggests that 3D cathode architectures may optimize the configuration and engineering processes of battery technologies. Herein, the state‐of‐the‐art progress of cathode architectures in various rechargeable‐ion‐battery technologies is summarized. Emphasis is placed on the different architecture strategies, areal loading, and mechanical understanding of 3D electrodes. Upcoming research directions are further outlined for future development in this field.
Self‐Stratifying Porous Silicones with Enhanced Liquid Infusion and Protective Skin Layer for Biofouling Prevention
Authors: Vena Alex , Kolle Stefan , Stafslien Shane , Aizenberg Joanna , Kim Philseok 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLiquid‐infused silicones are a promising solution for common surface adhesion problems, such as ice accumulation and biofilm formation, yet they generally lack the tunability, mechanical durability and/or longevity essential for industrial applications. Self‐stratifying porous silicones (SPS) infused with compatible silicone oil are developed as a passive strategy to address these shortcomings. Through emulsion templating, porosity is formed in the bulk polymer, providing increased free volume for oil infusion, while a non‐porous skin layer is formed at the surface. The bulk porosity and pore size distribution of SPS are independently controlled by varying water and surfactant concentration respectively, leading to a higher volume of oil infusion and improved oil retention relative to an unmodified silicone. Despite a higher oil loading and bulk porosity, the skin layer provides liquid‐infused SPS with a comparable surface elasticity to liquid‐infused silicones. The potential of liquid‐infused SPS as a nontoxic fouling release coating for marine applications is demonstrated using laboratory assays against a variety of soft and hard fouling organisms.
AIE Bioconjugates for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Liu Haixiang , Xiong Ling‐Hong , Kwok Ryan Tsz Kin , He Xuewen , Lam Jacky Wing Yip , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFluorescence‐based techniques have found potential biomedical applications owing to their high sensitivity, rapid response, and in situ characteristics. Traditional fluorescent probes suffer from aggregation‐caused quenching effects, which limit their usage at high concentrations or in nanoparticles. Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE), on the other hand, is a phenomenon wherein luminogens are non‐emissive in dilute solutions but highly emissive in the aggregate and solid states. AIE bioconjugates formed by covalent linkage of AIE luminogens to biomolecules are especially promising candidates for biomedical applications because they show excellent biocompatibility, good water solubility, high specificity to the target of interest, wide functionality, and smart responsiveness. This review summarizes the methodologies in synthesizing AIE bioconjugates and their intricate applications in biosensing, bioimaging, image‐guided therapy, and “Lab‐in‐cell” over the past 20 years. Perspectives are also shared to inspire enthusiasm and motivate researchers to further develop this emerging field.
Oxytrifluoromethylthiolation of 2,3‐Allenoates with Trifluoromethanesulfinyl Chloride: A Synthetic Approach to Trifluoromethylthiolated 4‐Oxo‐2(E)‐alkenoates and Furans
Authors: Yan Jun , Jiang Min , Song Li‐Ping , Liu Jin‐Tao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe trifluoromethylthiolation‐based bifunctionalization of 2,3‐allenoates is demonstrated. Using trifluoromethanesulfinyl chloride as cheap and easily available SCF3 source, trifluoromethylthiolated 4‐oxo‐2(E)‐alkenoate and furan derivatives were synthesized via oxytrifluoromethylthiolation under different conditions, respectively. A possible mechanism was proposed based on reaction results and control experiments.magnified image
Advances in Antimicrobial Organic and Inorganic Nanocompounds in Biomedicine
Authors: Wang Chen‐yu , Makvandi Pooyan , Zare Ehsan Nazarzadeh , Tay Franklin R. , Niu Li‐na 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBacterial resistance to antibiotics is an important issue in contemporary society. To date, infection‐related problems persist despite intensive research efforts by chemists and biologists. Much effort has been devoted over the last decade to the development of organic/nonmetallic inorganic nanocompounds with antimicrobial activities for overcoming human infections and illnesses produced by antibiotic‐resistant pathogens. Both organic nanomaterials such as chitosan nanoparticles and conductive‐based polymer nanocompounds, as well as nonmetallic inorganic nanomaterials such as carbon‐based nanocompounds and modified nanoceramics, have been manufactured and employed in medicine for treating multidrug‐resistant infections. This review describes the most recent advances in the biomedical applications of antibacterial organic/nonmetallic inorganic nanocompounds.
CNT‐Assembled Octahedron Carbon‐Encapsulated Cu3P/Cu Heterostructure by In Situ MOF‐Derived Engineering for Superior Lithium Storage: Investigations by Experimental Implementation and First‐Principles Calculation
Authors: Lin Jia , Zeng Chenghui , Lin Xiaoming , Xu Chao , Su Cheng‐Yong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractConspicuously, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) serve as homogenously and periodically atom‐dispersed self‐sacrificial template for in situ engineering of hierarchical porous carbon‐encapsulated micro/nanoheterostructure materials, integrating the merits of micro/nanostructure to high‐volumetric energy storage. Copper phosphide represents a promising candidate due to its compact material density compared to commercial graphite. Herein, micro/nanostructured Cu3P/Cu encapsulated by carbon‐nanotube‐assembled hierarchical octahedral carbonaceous matrix (Cu3P/Cu@CNHO) is constructed by an in situ MOF‐derived engineering for novel anode material in LIBs, which achieves an extraordinary cycling stability (a well‐maintained gravimetric/volumetric capacity of 463.2 mAh g−1/1878.4 mAh cm−3 at 1 A g−1 up to 1600 cycles) and distinguished rate capability (an ameliorated capacity of 317.7 mAh g−1 even at 10 A g−1), together with unprecedented heat‐resistant capability (an elevated temperature of 50 °C for 1000 cycles maintaining 434.7 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1). The superior electrochemical performance of Cu3P/Cu@CNHO is credited to the large specific surface area, conductive carbon matrix and metallic copper dopants, synergistic effects of the intrinsic Cu3P/Cu heterostructure, and well‐defined micro/nanostructure, facilitating a boosted electrochemical conductivity and accelerated diffusion kinetics.
Gradient 2D/3D Perovskite Films Prepared by Hot‐Casting for Sensitive Photodetectors
Authors: Loi Hok‐Leung , Cao Jiupeng , Guo Xuyun , Liu Chun‐Ki , Wang Naixiang , Song Jiajun , Tang Guanqi , Zhu Ye , Yan Feng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites have attracted wide attention recently because of tunable optoelectronic properties and have been used as alternatives to their 3D counterparts in various optoelectronic devices. Here, a series of (PEA)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1 perovskite thin films is designed and fabricated by a convenient hot‐casting method to obtain gradient n in the films, which leads to the formation of vertical heterojunctions that can enhance charge separation in the films under light illumination. Based on a single gradient perovskite film, a highly sensitive and stable photodetector with a responsivity up to 149 AW−1 and a specific detectivity of 2 × 1012 Jones is obtained. This work paves a way to realizing high‐performance optoelectronic devices with enhanced charge separation by introducing compositional gradient in a perovskite film.
Mn‐Rich P′2‐Na0.67[Ni0.1Fe0.1Mn0.8]O2 as High‐Energy‐Density and Long‐Life Cathode Material for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Choi Ji Ung , Jo Jae Hyeon , Park Yun Ji , Lee Kug‐Seung , Myung Seung‐Taek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHerein, P′2‐type Na0.67[Ni0.1Fe0.1Mn0.8]O2 is introduced as a promising new cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) that exhibits remarkable structural stability during repetitive Na+ de/intercalation. The ONiOMnOFeO bond in the octahedra of transition‐metal layers is used to suppress the elongation of the MnO bond and to improve the electrochemical activity, leading to the highly reversible Na storage mechanism. A high discharge capacity of ≈220 mAh g−1 (≈605 Wh kg−1) is delivered at 0.05 C (13 mAg−1) with a high reversible capacity of ≈140 mAh g−1 at 3 C and excellent capacity retention of 80% over 200 cycles. This performance is associated with the reversible P′2–OP4 phase transition and small volume change upon charge and discharge (≈3%). The nature of the sodium storage mechanism in a full cell paired with a hard carbon anode reveals an unexpectedly high energy density of ≈542 Wh kg−1 at 0.2 C and good capacity retention of ≈81% for 500 cycles at 1 C (260 mAg−1).
Is Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder a Risk Factor for Impulse Control Disorder in Parkinson Disease?
Authors: Fantini Maria Livia , Fedler Janel , Pereira Bruno , Weintraub Daniel , Marques Ana‐Raquel , Durif Franck 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo assess the association between rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) and other determinants and incident impulse control disorder behaviors (ICBs) in patients with early Parkinson disease (PD) using longitudinal data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative.MethodsFour hundred one newly diagnosed PD patients were prospectively evaluated at baseline (BL), month 6, and annually for 5 years. Probable RBD (pRBD) was assessed with the RBD Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ) and dichotomized using a cutoff value of ≥6. The association of BL and time‐dependent (TD) pRBD and other covariates with the development of ICB symptoms was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression and general estimating equation logistic regression. Models considered adjustment for age, sex, Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐15), RBD medication use, total levodopa equivalent daily dose, and dopamine agonist (DA) and antidepressant medication use.ResultsBoth BL pRBD and TD pRBD were not associated with an increased risk for incident ICB symptoms after adjustment for covariates (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.17, p = 0.458 and HR = 1.27, p = 0.257, respectively). In a modified TD pRBD model (ie, considering subjects as pRBD onward from the first time point with RBDSQ score ≥ 6), the risk for incident ICB symptoms was higher in pRBD in unadjusted (HR = 1.48, p = 0.038) but not adjusted (HR = 1.29, p = 0.203) models. TD DA use (HR = 1.64, p = 0.039), TD GDS‐15 score (HR = 1.12, p < 0.001), and male sex (year 3: HR = 2.10, p = 0.009; year 4: HR = 3.04, p = 0.006; year 5: HR = 4.40, p = 0.007) were associated with increased ICB symptom risk.InterpretationpRBD is not clearly associated with ICB symptom development in early PD, in contrast to DA use, depression, and male sex. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:759–770
Catalytically Active Hollow Fiber Membranes with Enzyme‐Embedded Metal–Organic Framework Coating
Authors: Bell Daniel Josef , Wiese Monika , Schönberger Ariel Augusto , Wessling Matthias 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are suitable enzyme immobilization matrices. Reported here is the in situ biomineralization of glucose oxidase (GOD) into MOF crystals (ZIF‐8) by interfacial crystallization. This method is effective for the selective coating of porous polyethersulfone microfiltration hollow fibers on the shell side in a straightforward one‐step process. MOF layers with a thickness of 8 μm were synthesized, and fluorescence microscopy and a colorimetric protein assay revealed the successful inclusion of GOD into the ZIF‐8 layer with an enzyme concentration of 29±3 μg cm−2. Enzymatic activity tests revealed that 50 % of the enzyme activity is preserved. Continuous enzymatic reactions, by the permeation of β‐d‐glucose through the GOD@ZIF‐8 membranes, showed a 50 % increased activity compared to batch experiments, emphasizing the importance of the convective transport of educts and products to and from the enzymatic active centers.
Influence of screw configuration and processing parameters on the dissolution of ketoprofen in polymer blends
Authors: Restrepo‐Uribe Laura , Ioannidis Nicolas , Noriega Escobar María del Pilar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe solubility and dissolution enhancement of the poorly soluble drug ketoprofen (KTO) in polymer blends prepared by hot melt extrusion was studied using two different screw configurations while changing extrusion processing conditions. A number of different Soluplus and Kollidon SR blends were used as solid dispersion excipients. A design of experiments with three melt temperatures, three screw rotation speeds, and three fill factors was performed, and a phase‐gate methodology was implemented. Different characterization techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, optical and polarized light microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, and dissolution testing were used. The results from differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction showed an amorphous solid solution. The characterization by solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance indicated that KTO could interact with the polymer blend by hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces. An optimal processing window was found for each screw configuration achieving more than 80% drug release in 8 hr.
Anticancer activity of bisindole alkaloids derived from natural sources and synthetic bisindole hybrids
Authors: Zhang Yue , Hu Chunhong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe bisindole moiety, as a versatile pharmacophore, is one of the widespread heterocycles in naturally occurring and synthetic bioactive compounds. The bisindole alkaloids derived from natural sources possess structural and mechanistic diversity, and they were found to be generally more active than monoindole alkaloids against various cancer cell lines. Moreover, some bisindole alkaloids such as the tubulin inhibitors, vinorelbine and vinblastine, have already been approved for cancer therapy, suggesting that bisindole alkaloids are a significant source of anticancer agents and lead hits. Bisindole hybrids have the potential to overcome drug resistance, enhance efficiency, and reduce severe side effects. The bisindole–lactam hybrid midostaurin has already been approved for the treatment of adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia who are FLT3 mutation‐positive, highlighting the importance of bisindole hybrids in the development of novel anticancer agents. In this review, we present a brief account of the bisindole alkaloids derived from nature and of synthetic hybrids with potential anticancer activity developed in the recent 10 years.
Der Traglastindex zur Bewertung struktureller Eigenschaften von Straßenbrücken
Authors: Marzahn Gero , Mertzsch Olaf , Kramer Lisa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSeit Jahrzehnten wird der Zustand von Brückenbauwerken auf der Grundlage der Zustandsnote als Ergebnis einer Bauwerksprüfung bewertet. Jedoch zeigen durchgeführte Nachrechnungen von Brückenbauwerken, dass strukturellen Defizite, z. B. geringe oder nicht ausreichende Tragkapazitäten, durch Zustandsnoten nicht oder nur unzureichend abgebildet werden, solange keine entsprechenden Schäden oder ungewöhnliches Verhalten erkennbar sind. So sind Beispiele bekannt, bei denen defizitäre Brücken ersetzt werden müssen, obwohl die Zustandsnote auf eine gute Erhaltung schließen lässt und umgekehrt. Zur besseren Erfassung und Bewertung der strukturellen Eigenschaften einer Brücke, also der tragfähigkeitsrelevanten Eigenschaften eines Tragwerks, wurde ein weiterer, neuer Kennwert entwickelt. Der Traglastindex erlaubt eine andere Sicht, weil er anhand verschiedener Kriterien vermutete Defizite unabhängig vom baulichen Zustand benennt, denen im Weiteren nachzugehen ist. Insofern beschreiben beide Kennwerte, sowohl die Zustandsnote als auch der Traglastindex, den Zustand und die Nutzungsfähigkeit eines Bauwerks mit unterschiedlicher Blickrichtung und erlauben somit eine Vervollständigung des Gesamtbilds vom Bauwerk.