bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retraction: Analysis of air quality data in the city of Bogotá through clustering techniques (IOP
Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering
872 012027)
Authors: Silva Jesús , Londoño Luz Adriana , Varela Noel , Pineda Lezama Omar Bonerge , Lozano Ayarza Liliana Patricia , Mojica Herazo Julio Cesar 
Published: September 2020

Published 15 September 2020
This article, and others within this volume, has been retracted by IOP Publishing following clear evidence of plagiarism and citation manipulation.
This work was originally published in Spanish (1) and has been translated and published without permission or acknowledgement to the original authors. IOP Publishing Limited has discovered other papers within this volume that have been subjected to the same treatment. This is scientific misconduct.
Misconduct investigations are ongoing at the author’s institutions. IOP Publishing Limited will update this notice if required once those investigations have concluded.
IOP Publishing Limited request any citations to this article be redirected to the original work (1).
Anyone with any information regarding these papers is requested to contact conferenceseries@ioppublishing.org.
Designing the Fault-Detection and Troubleshooting Tests For the Troubleshooting Target Flowchart
Authors: Khusnutdinova E M , Filina O A , Khusnutdinov A N , Yashagina A V , Osetinskiy G V , Andreev N K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper covers the matter of troubleshooting in urban electric transport and electrical equipment. The solution to this issue requires transferring the qualitative determination of the health of the equipment to some quantitative basis. The formalization of qualitative definitions is a prerequisite for constructing formal (computable) troubleshooting algorithms.
To the question of automation of the injection molding process
Authors: Pankratov D L , Gavariev R V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the features of the injection molding process (IMP) from the point of view of the possibility of process automation. The main factors of the casting process that provide a good opportunity for process automation are indicated. The range of tasks of the injection molding process is determined, for the solution of which it is advisable to use an expert system (ES). The ES model for injection molding is proposed, which provides high-quality castings.
Recycling components made of polyurethane foam
Authors: Shafigullin L N , Romanova N V , Gabrakhmanov A T , Korchagin O P , Shamsutdinov I R , Agashkin D A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper studies the influence of recyclable materials and waste (that are sandwich structures of polyurethane foam products) on physical mechanical properties of polyurethane foam products. It was established that indentation load deflection changed by 11 percent, thermal conductivity coefficient - by 12.5 percent, and the strength of bond between face layer and flexible PU foam remains the same (0.3 N/mm) when compared with PU foam products.
To quantum or not to quantum: towards algorithm selection in near-term quantum optimization
Authors: Moussa Charles , Calandra Henri , Dunjko Vedran 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) constitutes one of the often mentioned candidates expected to yield a quantum boost in the era of near-term quantum computing. In practice, quantum optimization will have to compete with cheaper classical heuristic methods, which have the advantage of decades of empirical domain-specific enhancements. Consequently, to achieve optimal performance we will face the issue of algorithm selection, well-studied in practical computing. Here we introduce this problem to the quantum optimization domain. Specifically, we study the problem of detecting those problem instances of where QAOA is most likely to yield an advantage over a conventional algorithm. As our case study, we compare QAOA against the well-understood approximation algorithm of Goemans and Williamson on the Max-Cut problem. As exactly predicting the performance of algorithms can be intractable, we utilize machine learning (ML) to identify when to resort to the quantum algorithm. We achieve cross-validated accuracy well over 96%, which would yield a substantial practical advantage. In the process, we highlight a number of features of instances rendering them better suited for QAOA. While we work with simulated idealised algorithms, the flexibility of ML methods we employed provides confidence that our methods will be equally applicable to broader classes of classical heuristics, and to QAOA running on real-world noisy devices.
The impact of COVID-19 on adjusted mortality risk in care homes for older adults in Wales, UK: a retrospective population-based cohort study for mortality in 2016–2020
Authors: Hollinghurst Joe , Lyons Jane , Fry Richard , Akbari Ashley , Gravenor Mike , Watkins Alan , Verity Fiona , Lyons Ronan A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
mortality in care homes has had a prominent focus during the COVID-19 outbreak. Care homes are particularly vulnerable to the spread of infectious diseases, which may lead to increased mortality risk. Multiple and interconnected challenges face the care home sector in the prevention and management of outbreaks of COVID-19, including adequate supply of personal protective equipment, staff shortages and insufficient or lack of timely COVID-19 testing.

Aim
to analyse the mortality of older care home residents in Wales during COVID-19 lockdown and compare this across the population of Wales and the previous 4 years.

Study Design and Setting
we used anonymised electronic health records and administrative data from the secure anonymised information linkage databank to create a cross-sectional cohort study. We anonymously linked data for Welsh residents to mortality data up to the 14th June 2020.

Methods
we calculated survival curves and adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the risk of mortality. We adjusted HRs for age, gender, social economic status and prior health conditions.

Results
survival curves show an increased proportion of deaths between 23rd March and 14th June 2020 in care homes for older people, with an adjusted HR of 1.72 (1.55, 1.90) compared with 2016. Compared with the general population in 2016–2019, adjusted care home mortality HRs for older adults rose from 2.15 (2.11, 2.20) in 2016–2019 to 2.94 (2.81, 3.08) in 2020.

Conclusions
the survival curves and increased HRs show a significantly increased risk of death in the 2020 study periods.
Clinicopathologic Features of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Fitzpatrick Megan J , Sayed Shahin , Moloo Zahir , Kayembe Mukendi K A , Roberts Drucilla J , Pham Thu-Anh , Xi Liqiang , Raffeld Mark , Louissaint Abner , Sohani Aliyah R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are heterogeneous, clinically aggressive, and rare. Subtype distribution varies by geographic location; however, data from sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are lacking. We sought to elucidate clinicopathologic features of PTCL in SSA.

Methods
We reviewed PTCL consultation cases from three SSA countries. PTCL subtype was determined per 2017 World Health Organization classification. Cases with sufficient material were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction for human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and T-cell receptor γ (TCRG) rearrangement.

Results
Among 32 cases, median age was 45 years and male-to-female ratio was 1.7. Thirty (94%) of 32 cases required additional workup for subclassification. PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) was the most common subtype (13/32, 41%), followed by PTCL with T-follicular helper phenotype (6/32, 19%) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (6/32, 19%). Four (16%) of 25 cases were Epstein-Barr virus positive (EBV+) (2/2 extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, 1/13 PTCL-NOS, and 1/4 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma with EBV+ immunoblasts). Two (15%) of 13 patients with PTCL-NOS were human immunodeficiency virus positive. No cases with evaluable DNA (0/15) were HTLV-1 positive, and 9 of 10 showed clonal TCRG rearrangements.

Conclusions
In comparison to Western studies, PTCLs from SSA show similar subtype distribution and male predominance but a younger age at diagnosis. Appropriate diagnosis of PTCL requires extensive ancillary testing not readily available in low-income countries, including much of SSA.
Overall Survival Among Chemotherapy-Naive Patients With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Under Abiraterone Versus Enzalutamide: A Direct Comparison Based on a 2014–2018 French Population Study (the SPEAR Cohort)
Authors: Scailteux Lucie-Marie , Campillo-Gimenez Boris , Kerbrat Sandrine , Despas Fabien , Mathieu Romain , Vincendeau Sébastien , Balusson Frédéric , Happe André , Nowak Emmanuel , Oger Emmanuel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAbiraterone acetate (ABI) and enzalutamide (ENZ) are considered to be clinically relevant comparators among chemotherapy-naive patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. No clinical trials comparing overall survival with ABI versus ENZ in a head-to-head approach have been published so far. A few observational studies with low power suggested a potential benefit of ENZ. We used the French National Health Data System to compare overall survival of new users of ABI and ENZ among chemotherapy-naive patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer in 2014–2017, followed through 2018 (the SPEAR cohort, a 2014–2018 cohort study). With an intent-to-treat approach, a survival analysis was performed, estimating hazard ratios for overall survival with the inverse probability weighted Cox model method. Among 10,308 new users, 64% were treated with ABI and 36% with ENZ. The crude mortality rate was 25.2 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval (CI): 24.4, 26.0) for ABI and 23.7 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 22.6, 24.9) for ENZ. In the weighted analysis, ENZ was associated with better overall survival compared with ABI (hazard ratio = 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.96) with a median overall survival of 31.7 months for ABI and 34.2 months for ENZ). When restricting to 2015–2017 new users, the effect estimate shifted up to a hazard ratio of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.01).
Differences in Adolescent Symptom Reporting Following Motor Vehicle Accident Versus Sport-Related Concussion
Authors: Tarkenton Tahnae , Caze II Todd , Silver Cheryl H , Hynan Linda S , Didehbani Nyaz , Miller Shane , Batjer Hunt , Bell Kathleen , Cullum C Munro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
To characterize potential differences in youth concussion sustained in motor vehicle accident (MVA) versus sport-related concussion (SRC), hypothesizing that youth who sustain concussion in a MVA would endorse higher initial and persistent symptom scores compared to those with SRC, despite similar injury severity levels.

Methods
Participants age 12–18 who sustained a concussion (i.e., Glasgow Coma Scale = 13–15) in a MVA (n = 35) were matched with SRC participants (n = 35) by sex, age, and days since injury. ANCOVA comparing initial postconcussion total symptom scores between the MVA and SRC groups were performed. Chi-square analysis with injury group by recovery time was used to determine whether youth who sustained concussion from MVA were more likely to endorse symptoms persisting &gt;30 days at 3 months postinjury, and ANCOVA compared 3-month total symptom scores.

Results
On average, the MVA group reported significantly higher initial postconcussion and more frequent persistent symptom scores compared to the SRC group.

Conclusions
This is the first known study to examine context of injury in youth concussion while matching for injury severity, age, sex, and days since injury. Findings suggest the context of injury is an important clinical variable related to initial reporting of symptoms and endorsement of symptoms lasting more than 30 days. Tailored interventions that consider the context of injury may facilitate symptom resolution.
Social Work Students’ Experiences of Ethical Difficulties in Field Placements: A Qualitative Study in China
Authors: Wu Lei , Huang Yunong , Chen Qiang , Shi Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Field placements provide social work students with opportunities to learn to handle ethical difficulties in a professional manner. In many developed countries, field staff are generally employed to supervise social work students’ field placements. ‘Code of Ethics’ and other ethics documents have also been developed to guide students’ professional activities. However, there is a lack of field staff, ‘Code of Ethics’ and other ethics documents in China, which may lead to ethical difficulties amongst students during their field placements. Based on the interviews of twenty-four social work students who completed field placements in 2016 at a university in China, this research revealed that students encountered many ethical difficulties in field placements. They tried to handle the difficulties in the beginning, but gradually adapted to the difficulties passively due to the lack of support. Most students also reported that they adhered to social work values and ethics in field placements and learned from field placements. The findings suggested that social work profession associations, Departments or Schools of Social Work, social work agencies and social work academia in China need to collaborate to create a more professional and supportive environment for students’ field placements.
Recalibrating the epigenetic clock: implications for assessing biological age in the human cortex
Authors: Shireby Gemma L , Davies Jonathan P , Francis Paul T , Burrage Joe , Walker Emma M , Neilson Grant W A , Dahir Aisha , Thomas Alan J , Love Seth , Smith Rebecca G , Lunnon Katie , Kumari Meena , Schalkwyk Leonard C , Morgan Kevin , Brookes Keeley , Hannon Eilis , Mill Jonathan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Human DNA methylation data have been used to develop biomarkers of ageing, referred to as ‘epigenetic clocks’, which have been widely used to identify differences between chronological age and biological age in health and disease including neurodegeneration, dementia and other brain phenotypes. Existing DNA methylation clocks have been shown to be highly accurate in blood but are less precise when used in older samples or in tissue types not included in training the model, including brain. We aimed to develop a novel epigenetic clock that performs optimally in human cortex tissue and has the potential to identify phenotypes associated with biological ageing in the brain. We generated an extensive dataset of human cortex DNA methylation data spanning the life course (n = 1397, ages = 1 to 108 years). This dataset was split into ‘training’ and ‘testing’ samples (training: n = 1047; testing: n = 350). DNA methylation age estimators were derived using a transformed version of chronological age on DNA methylation at specific sites using elastic net regression, a supervised machine learning method. The cortical clock was subsequently validated in a novel independent human cortex dataset (n = 1221, ages = 41 to 104 years) and tested for specificity in a large whole blood dataset (n = 1175, ages = 28 to 98 years). We identified a set of 347 DNA methylation sites that, in combination, optimally predict age in the human cortex. The sum of DNA methylation levels at these sites weighted by their regression coefficients provide the cortical DNA methylation clock age estimate. The novel clock dramatically outperformed previously reported clocks in additional cortical datasets. Our findings suggest that previous associations between predicted DNA methylation age and neurodegenerative phenotypes might represent false positives resulting from clocks not robustly calibrated to the tissue being tested and for phenotypes that become manifest in older ages. The age distribution and tissue type of samples included in training datasets need to be considered when building and applying epigenetic clock algorithms to human epidemiological or disease cohorts.
Lewis Blood-group Antigens Are Associated With Altered Susceptibility to Shigellosis
Authors: Leslie Jhansi L , Weddle Erin , Yum Lauren K , Lin Ye , Jenior Matthew L , Lee Benjamin , Ma Jennie Z , Kirkpatrick Beth D , Nayak Uma , Platts-Mills James A , Agaisse Herve F , Haque Rashidul , Petri William A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In a cohort of infants, we found that lack of the Lewis histo-blood group antigen was associated with increased susceptibility to shigellosis. Broadly inhibiting fucosylation in epithelial cells in vitro decreased invasion by Shigella flexneri. These results support a role for fucosylated glycans in susceptibility to shigellosis.
Anaemia and acute kidney injury: the tip of the iceberg?
Authors: Lombardi Yannis , Ridel Christophe , Touzot Maxime 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common disorder that complicates the hospital course of many patients. AKI is linked with an independent risk of death, hospital length of stay and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several preoperative predictors are found to be associated with AKI after surgery independent of its origin (cardiac versus non-cardiac). Among these, anaemia has been widely recognized and studied. Anaemia is more common within the surgical population for various reasons (iron deficiency, blood loss, anaemia of chronic disease such as inflammatory state, malignancy or CKD). Both pre- and postoperative anaemia have a deleterious impact on different clinical outcomes including AKI. In this issue, Nishimoto et al. investigated whether AKI could be a risk factor for anaemia (and not the opposite) and whether anaemia could be an independent mediator of mortality after AKI.
An efficient dynamic Bayesian network classifier structure learning algorithm: application to sport epidemiology
Authors: Peterson Kyle D 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExposing an athlete to intense physical exertion when their organism is not ready for the mobilization of such resources can lead to musculoskeletal injury. In turn, sport practitioners regularly monitor athlete readiness in hopes of mitigating these tragic events. Rapid developments in athlete monitoring technologies has thus resulted in sport practitioners aspiring to siphon meaningful insight from high-throughput datasets. However, revealing the temporal sequence of biological adaptation while yielding accurate probabilistic predictions of an event, demands computationally efficient and accurate algorithms. The purpose of the present study is to create a model in the form of the intuitively appealing dynamic Bayesian network (DBN). Existing DBN approaches can be split into two varieties: either computationally burdensome and thus unscalable, or place structural constraints to increase scalability. This article introduces a novel algorithm ‘rapid incremental search for time-varying associations’ $(Rista)$, to be time-efficient without imposing structural constraints. Furthermore, it offers such flexibility and computational efficiency without compromising prediction performance. The present algorithm displays comparable results to contemporary algorithms in classification accuracy while maintaining superior speed.
Old wine in new wineskins? Understanding the cooperative movement: Catalonia, 1860–1939
Authors: Medina-Albaladejo Francisco J , Añón Higón Dolores , Díez-Minguela Alfonso , Lana-Berasain José-Miguel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDifferent factors have been proposed to explain why in some regions there is a greater tendency to form cooperatives. The debate remains open. In this study, we look at the spread of cooperativism within Catalonia from 1860 to 1939. Catalonia was not just the leading industrial region in Spain but also where cooperatives first emerged and had a greater presence. In line with the existing evidence, we find that cooperativism spread from coastal municipalities to the hinterland. In particular, it seems that local conditions (literacy and social capital) facilitated this process, while accessibility to the transport network and neighbouring effects also played a significant role.
On exact controllability of linear perturbed boundary systems: a semigroup approach
Authors: Lasri Marieme , Bounit Hamid , Hadd Said 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the robustness of exact controllability of perturbed linear systems in Banach spaces. Under some conditions, we prove that the exact controllability is preserved if we perturb the generator of an infinite-dimensional control system by appropriate Miyadera–Voigt perturbations. Furthermore, we study the robustness of exact controllability for perturbed boundary control systems. As application, we study the robustness of exact controllability of neutral equations. We mention that our approach is mainly based on the concept of feedback theory of infinite-dimensional linear systems.
Wayfinding in Virtual Environments With Landmarks on Overview Maps
Authors: Chen Chien-Hsiung , Chen Meng-Xi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aims to improve users’ positive experiences in wayfinding in virtual environments through empirical research on the influence of different designs of landmarks on overview maps. The experiment adopted a four (landmark) x two (gender) between-subjects design. Landmarks with symbols, symbols and images, symbols and text, and symbols, images and text were examined. Fifty-six participants were invited to complete three wayfinding tasks and fill out questionnaires. The generated results indicated that: (1) Landmark presentation styles significantly affect wayfinding performance on overview maps in virtual environments. (2) Concerning subjective rationality, system usability and perceived usefulness, the use of text in landmark design can significantly improve users’ evaluations of overview maps. (3) In terms of gender, females’ system usability evaluations and subjective intentions of using overview map with landmarks are significantly more positive than males’.
Topical Review: Crowdsourcing as a Novel Approach to Qualitative Research
Authors: Sood Erica , Wysocki Tim , Alderfer Melissa A , Aroian Karen , Christofferson Jennifer , Karpyn Allison , Kazak Anne E , Pierce Jessica 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
To describe a novel, five-phase approach to collecting qualitative data from hard-to-reach populations using crowdsourcing methods.

Methods
Drawing from experiences across recent studies with type 1 diabetes and congenital heart disease stakeholders, we describe five phases of crowdsourcing methodology, an innovative approach to conducting qualitative research within an online environment, and discuss relevant practical and ethical issues.

Results
Phases of crowdsourcing methodology are: (I) Preparing; (II) Forming Crowds; (III) Collecting Crowdsourced Data; (IV) Coding and Analyzing Crowdsourced Data; and (V) Generating and Disseminating Findings. Iterative feedback from stakeholders is obtained in all five phases. Practical and ethical issues include accessing diverse stakeholders, emotional engagement of crowd participants, responsiveness and transparency of crowdsourcing methodology, and limited personal contact with crowd participants.

Conclusions
Crowdsourcing is an innovative, efficient, feasible, and timely approach to engaging hard-to-reach populations in qualitative research.