bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical, Biochemical, and Radiologic Characteristics of Filipino Patients with Glutaric Aciduria Type 1
Authors: Maceda Ebner Bon G. , Abacan Mary Ann R. , Chiong Mary Anne D. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Glutaric Aciduria Type 1 (GA1) is an inborn error of metabolism included in the expanded newborn screening of the Philippines. This inborn error of metabolism is caused by glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency which is important in the catabolism of lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan.Objective. This paper aimed to present the baseline data of patients with GA1 in the Philippines by describing the clinical, biochemical, and radiologic characteristics of Filipino patients with biochemically-confirmed GA1 seen at the Philippine General Hospital from January 2010 to December 2017. The cases of this condition have been increasing and are expected to increase even more with the full coverage of the expanded newborn screening.Methods. This study was a review of the medical records of the GA1 patients managed by the Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics of the Philippine General Hospital (PGH). Biochemical parameters, developmental assessment, neurologic assessment, and radiologic features of the patients were reviewed and analyzed.Results. There were a total of 7 patients with GA1 at the PGH from January 2010 to December 2017. Of the 7 patients, 4 were diagnosed by expanded newborn screening (ENBS) and 3 patients had disease onset prior to diagnosis. Clinical features noted in screened patients include global developmental delay (75%), seizures (50%), dystonia (50%), truncal hypotonia (25%) and macrocephaly (25%). In unscreened patients, macrocephaly was present in 66.67 %, while the other clinical features were present in all of them. Four of the 7 patients had infection and one had vaccination, which may have led to a metabolic crisis and subsequent onset of symptoms. The plasma levels of glutarylcarnitine (C5DC) range from 2.81 to 4.58 umol/L. Grossly elevated urinary excretion of glutarylcarnitine were noted in all patients. Urinary glutaconic acid and 3-hydroxyglutaric acid were also detected in all patients. Both striatal and extra-striatal abnormalities were present in screened and unscreened patients on neuroimaging. The most common being the widening of the sylvian fissure, cerebral atrophy, and white matter abnormalities.Conclusion. Although newborn screening of GA1 and initiation of early management of this condition have been seen important, it is still prudent to continue the appropriate management and to provide timely aggressive emergency treatment in order to improve outcome of patients with GA1. With the recent Philippine Health Insurance (PhilHealth) coverage of the expanded newborn screening, it is expected that physicians will encounter more of the metabolic disorders, including GA1. Hence, it is important that physicians be more aware of the presenting signs and symptoms of this disorder, as well as its management, which can further improve the neurologic and developmental outcomes of these patients.
Competências docentes frente a tarefas matemáticas inspiradas no MATHTASK®
Authors: Felcher Carla Denize Ott , Folmer Vanderlei 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as competências docentes frente às tarefas Matemáticas (MathTASK®). O MathTASK® é um programa de pesquisa desenvolvido de maneira colaborativa entre os países, Reino Unido, Brasil e Grécia e trata dos discursos matemáticos e pedagógicos dos professores de Matemática, bem como sobre as transformações e aspirações dos professores em relação as práticas pedagógicas. A metodologia trata, portanto, de uma tarefa matemática envolvendo o GeoGebra, desenvolvida por três professores de Matemática, usuários do referido software. Esses professores também foram entrevistados e os dados produzidos submetidos a análise de conteúdo. Trabalhar com o MathTASK® pressupõe contribuir para a produção de dados mais reais, mais próximos do que realmente o professor sabe e também mais alinhados com o objetivo da investigação. Desse modo, percebeu-se que os professores demonstraram conhecimento dos conceitos matemáticos e da tecnologia, porém, no momento articulá-los e utilizá-los de forma pedagógica, em prol da aprendizagem, percebe-se alguma dificuldade. Concluiu-se que propostas com o MathTASK® são importantes por apresentarem um panorama das competências dos professores frente a situações específicas. Também, por possibilitar a formação inicial e continuada, fundamental para o uso das tecnologias digitais como potencializadoras dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de Matemática.
Revisiting the relationship between Atlantic dust and tropical cyclone activity using aerosol optical depth reanalyses: 2003–2018
Authors: Xian Peng , Klotzbach Philip J. , Dunion Jason P. , Janiga Matthew A. , Reid Jeffrey S. , Colarco Peter R. , Kipling Zak 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Previous studies have noted a relationship between African dust and Atlantic
tropical cyclone (TC) activity. However, due to the limitations of past dust
analyses, the strength of this relationship remains uncertain. The emergence
of aerosol reanalyses, including the Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction
System (NAAPS) aerosol optical depth (AOD) reanalysis, NASA Modern-Era
Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2),
and ECMWF Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service reanalysis (CAMSRA),
enables an investigation of the relationship between African dust and TC
activity over the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean in a consistent temporal
and spatial manner for 2003–2018. Although June–July–August (JJA) 550 nm
dust AOD (DAOD) from all three reanalysis products correlates significantly
over the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean, the difference in DAOD magnitude
between products can be as large as 60 % over the Caribbean and 20 %
over the tropical North Atlantic. Based on the three individual reanalyses,
we have created an aerosol multi-reanalysis consensus (MRC). The MRC
presents overall better root mean square error over the tropical Atlantic
and Caribbean compared to individual reanalyses when verified with
ground-based AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) AOD measurements. Each of the
three individual reanalyses and the MRC have significant negative
correlations between JJA Caribbean DAOD and seasonal Atlantic accumulated
cyclone energy (ACE), while the correlation between JJA tropical North
Atlantic DAOD and seasonal ACE is weaker. Possible reasons for this regional
difference are provided. A composite analysis of 3 high-JJA-Caribbean-DAOD years versus 3 low-JJA-Caribbean-DAOD years reveals large differences in overall Atlantic TC
activity. We also show that JJA Caribbean DAOD is significantly correlated
with large-scale fields associated with variability in interannual Atlantic
TC activity including zonal wind shear, mid-level moisture, and sea surface temperature (SST), as well
as the El Niño–Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) and the Atlantic Meridional Mode (AMM), implying confounding effects
of these factors on the dust–TC relationship. We find that seasonal Atlantic
DAOD and the AMM, the leading mode of coupled Atlantic variability, are
inversely related and intertwined in the dust–TC relationship. Overall, DAOD
in both the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean is negatively correlated with
Atlantic hurricane frequency and intensity, with stronger correlations in
the Caribbean than farther east in the tropical North Atlantic.
Aerosol-enhanced high precipitation events near the Himalayan foothills
Authors: Choudhury Goutam , Tyagi Bhishma , Vissa Naresh Krishna , Singh Jyotsna , Sarangi Chandan , Tripathi Sachchida Nand , Tesche Matthias 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Particulate emissions can alter the physical and dynamical properties of cloud systems and, in turn, amplify rainfall events over orographic regions downwind of highly polluted urban areas. The Indo-Gangetic Plain, one of the most polluted regions of the world, is located upwind of the Himalayan foothills. The region, therefore, provides an opportunity for studying how aerosol effects, in connection with orographic forcing, affect extreme rainfall events. This study uses 17 years (2001–2017) of observed rain rate, aerosol optical depth (AOD), meteorological reanalysis fields and outgoing long-wave radiation to investigate high precipitation events on the foothills of the Himalayas. Composite analysis of all these co-located data sets for high precipitation events (daily rainfall > 95th percentile) is done to understand the inherent dynamics and linkages between the AOD and extreme events. Clear and robust associations are found between high precipitation events, high aerosol loading and high moist static energy values. Results show an average increase in AOD by 36 %, along with an average increase in low-level moist static energy (1000–850 hPa) by ≈ 1500 J kg−1 inside the selected domain for high precipitation events. The finding highlights the crucial role of the aerosol direct radiative effect on high precipitation events over the Himalayan region.
Sea ice dynamics in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctic Peninsula, during the past 240 years: a multi-proxy intercomparison study
Authors: Vorrath Maria-Elena , Müller Juliane , Rebolledo Lorena , Cárdenas Paola , Shi Xiaoxu , Esper Oliver , Opel Thomas , Geibert Walter , Muñoz Práxedes , Haas Christian , Kuhn Gerhard , Lange Carina B. , Lohmann Gerrit , Mollenhauer Gesine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. In the last decades, changing climate conditions have had a severe
impact on sea ice at the western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), an area rapidly
transforming under global warming. To study the development of spring sea
ice and environmental conditions in the pre-satellite era we investigated
three short marine sediment cores for their biomarker inventory with a
particular focus on the sea ice proxy IPSO25 and micropaleontological
proxies. The core sites are located in the Bransfield Strait in shelf to
deep basin areas characterized by a complex oceanographic frontal system,
coastal influence and sensitivity to large-scale atmospheric circulation
patterns. We analyzed geochemical bulk parameters, biomarkers (highly
branched isoprenoids, glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers, sterols), and diatom abundances and diversity over the past 240 years and
compared them to observational data, sedimentary and ice core climate
archives, and results from numerical models. Based on biomarker
results we identified four different environmental units characterized by
(A) low sea ice cover and high ocean temperatures, (B) moderate sea ice
cover with decreasing ocean temperatures, (C) high but variable sea ice
cover during intervals of lower ocean temperatures, and (D) extended sea ice
cover coincident with a rapid ocean warming. While IPSO25
concentrations correspond quite well to satellite sea ice observations for
the past 40 years, we note discrepancies between the biomarker-based sea ice
estimates, the long-term model output for the past 240 years, ice core
records, and reconstructed atmospheric circulation patterns such as the El
Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM). We
propose that the sea ice biomarker proxies IPSO25 and PIPSO25 are
not linearly related to sea ice cover, and, additionally, each core site
reflects specific local environmental conditions. High IPSO25 and
PIPSO25 values may not be directly interpreted as referring to high
spring sea ice cover because variable sea ice conditions and enhanced
nutrient supply may affect the production of both the sea-ice-associated and
phytoplankton-derived (open marine, pelagic) biomarker lipids. For future
interpretations we recommend carefully considering individual biomarker
records to distinguish between cold sea-ice-favoring and warm sea-ice-diminishing environmental conditions.
Data generated during the 2018 LAPSE-RATE campaign: an introduction and overview
Authors: de Boer Gijs , Houston Adam , Jacob Jamey , Chilson Phillip B. , Smith Suzanne W. , Argrow Brian , Lawrence Dale , Elston Jack , Brus David , Kemppinen Osku , Klein Petra , Lundquist Julie K. , Waugh Sean , Bailey Sean C. C. , Frazier Amy , Sama Michael P. , Crick Christopher , Schmale III David , Pinto James , Pillar-Little Elizabeth A. , Natalie Victoria , Jensen Anders 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) offer innovative capabilities for
providing new perspectives on the atmosphere, and therefore atmospheric
scientists are rapidly expanding their use, particularly for studying the
planetary boundary layer. In support of this expansion, from 14 to 20 July 2018
the International Society for Atmospheric Research using Remotely piloted
Aircraft (ISARRA) hosted a community flight week, dubbed the Lower
Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation – a Remotely-piloted Aircraft
Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE; de Boer et al., 2020a). This field campaign
spanned a 1-week deployment to Colorado's San Luis Valley, involving over
100 students, scientists, engineers, pilots, and outreach coordinators.
These groups conducted intensive field operations using unmanned aircraft
and ground-based assets to develop comprehensive datasets spanning a variety
of scientific objectives, including a total of nearly 1300 research flights
totaling over 250 flight hours. This article introduces this campaign and
lays the groundwork for a special issue on the LAPSE-RATE project. The
remainder of the special issue provides detailed overviews of the datasets
collected and the platforms used to collect them. All of the datasets
covered by this special issue have been uploaded to a LAPSE-RATE community
set up at the Zenodo data archive (https://zenodo.org/communities/lapse-rate/, last access: 3 December 2020).
The Common Law Remedy of Habeas Corpus Through the Prism of a Twelve-Point Construct
Authors: Okpaluba Chuks , Nwafor Anthony 
Published: December 2020

The Common Law Remedy of Habeas Corpus Through the Prism of a Twelve-Point Construct
Long before the coming of the Bill of Rights in written Constitutions, the common law has had the greatest regard for the personal liberty of the individual. In order to safeguard that liberty, the remedy of habeas corpus was always available to persons deprived of their liberty unlawfully. This ancient writ has been incorporated into the modern Constitution as a fundamental right and enforceable as other rights protected by virtue of their entrenchment in those Constitutions. This article aims to bring together the various understanding of habeas corpus at common law and the principles governing the writ in common law jurisdictions. The discussion is approached through a twelve-point construct thus providing a brief conspectus of the subject matter, such that one could have a better understanding of the subject as applied in most common law jurisdictions.
Optimization, Validation and Standardization of ELISA
Authors: Minic Rajna , Zivkovic Irena 
Published: December 2020

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a commonly used analytical immunochemistry assay based on the specific bond between the antigen and the antibody. The application of this test has significantly changed the practice of medical laboratories in which it is used for detection and quantification of molecules such as hormones, peptides, antibodies, and proteins. Various technical variants of this test can detect antigen (native or foreign) or antibody, determine the intensity of the immune response whether pathological or not; the type of induced immune response as well as the innate immunity potential; and much more. These capabilities, as well as the high sensitivity and robustness of the test and a small price, make it possible to quickly and reliably diagnose diseases in most laboratories. Besides, ELISA is a test that is also used in veterinary medicine, toxicology, allergology, food industry, etc. Despite the fact that it has existed for almost 50 years, different ELISA tests with different technical solutions are still being developed, which improves and expands the application of the this exceptional test. The aim of this chapter is to empower the rider to optimize, standardize and validate an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
Effect of Serum Progesterone (P4) Level at the Day of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) Administration on the Outcome of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection and Fresh Embryo Transfer
Authors: Masry Yasmine El- , Gharib Ashraf Elmohamdy , Allah Manal Moustafa Abd 
Published: December 2020

Our aim was to investigate the effect of different progesterone (P4) at day of triggering HCG on the outcomes of ICSI with fresh embryo transfer in cases who underwent controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). Pituitary desensitization done either with long agonist or antagonist pituitary desensitization protocols, then analyzing the effect of serum P4-hCG level on ICSI-fresh embryos transfer outcome including; number and quality of retrieved oocytes (OR), embryo number (ER) & quality and ongoing pregnancy outcomes. The cases are which continued their pregnancy till 12 weeks, aborted cases, ectopic pregnancy & cancelled cases (for different reasons).
Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was carried on 120 cases who underwent ICSI cycles for different causes and types of infertility. Controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocol and pituitary down-regulation either by; GnRH long agonist /antagonist protocols then, fertilization, embryo grading, embryo transfer and hormonal luteal support was done. Blood samples were taken on the day of hCG administration to measure P4 in all cases. All patients who got pregnant and continue till 12 weeks, they were categorized into 3 subgroups as regard serum P4 level: Group A: (P4< 0.5 ng/ml), Group B: (P4=O.5-I.5 ng/ml) & Group C: (P4 >I.5 ng/ml) and correlated with their ICSI outcome. The outcomes of ICSI-ET cycles in those cases were compared with 3 groups of P4 levels in the controlled ovarian stimulation with two protocols.
Results: P4 level had insignificant relation with number and quality of retrieved oocytes, fertilized embryo number and quality and endometrial thickness regardless the protocol of COS. The low and high levels of P4 both, had a detrimental effect on CPR, meanwhile, with no harmful impact on the ongoing pregnancy rate was noticed, regardless the protocol of ovarian stimulation. P4-hCG isn’t considered to be the only predictive measure of ICSI outcome. Highest CRP was noticed in cases with P4 level (0.5-I.5 ng/ mI) regardless the type of protocol used.
Advanced Identification and Characterization of Listeria Species in Egyptian Local Soft Cheese
Authors: Dapgh Amany N. , ELGedawy A. A. , Abouelhag Hussien A. , Mansour Asmaa S. , Gaber E. S. , Farahat Engy 
Published: December 2020

Aims: one of the most important foodborne microorganisms is the Gram’s positive environmental wide spread Listeria spp. As the Listeria may be considered a public health concern so there is in needing to rapid, precise and reliable diagnosis of the organism in consumed food. The present study aimed to survey the presence of Listeria spp. among two popular consuming Egyptian white soft cheese using advanced biochemical, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular techniques.
Methodology: Listeria spp. was investigated in 155 samples of two white soft cheeses (70 kareish cheese and 85 Damietta cheese) collected from street vendors and retail markets in Giza. The existence of Listeria spp. was tested through cultural and the identification was confirmed biochemically by Vitek2 compact system as well as molecular identification via diplex real time PCR using species specific primers.
Results: The results of the study revealed the isolation of two Listeria spp. in a total number of 22 from155 samples (14.19%); 14 isolate out of 70 (20%) Kareish cheese while 8 isolates out of 85 (9.4%) Damietta cheese's samples. The 22 Listeria spp. isolates were differentiated into L. innocua 15 (68.18%), and L. monocytogenes 7 (31.81%) also their antimicrobial susceptibility was declared using advanced Vitek-2 compact system. The two Listeria spp. isolates were definitely confirmed by using diplex DNA hybridization real PCR technique.
Conclusion: Soft raw milk based cheese is a popular food in Egypt and looked on as a risk for foodborne bacteria contamination. The data of this study pointed out that there is a potential risk of infection with Listeria, especially the public health concern L. monocytogenes. The current study presented Vitek-2 compact system as advanced technique for not only for identification and differentiation of Listeria strains but also for their antimicrobial susceptibility. Furthermore the using of diplex real PCR technique gives a chance for quick and precise identification.
Methods for Retrospective Detection of Exposure to Toxic Scheduled Chemicals. Part B: Mass Spectrometric and Immunochemical Analysis of Covalent Adducts to Proteins and DNA
Authors: Noort Daan , van der Schans Marcel J. , Black Robin M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this article, an overview is presented of the methods that are currently available for retrospective detection of exposure to a number of chemical warfare agents (CWAs), based on adducts formed with macromolecules such as proteins. These methods can be applied for various purposes, e.g. diagnosis and dosimetry of exposure of casualties, confirmation of nonexposure, and verification of nonadherence to the Chemical Weapons Convention, health surveillance, and forensic purposes. The advantage of using protein adducts as biomarkers in comparison with free metabolites is that they are potentially much more long‐lived. The methods are predominantly based on liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis of enzymatic digests of the (modified) proteins or on selective removal of the specific adduct moiety from the protein, followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or LC–MS. Several of the methods have been successfully applied to actual cases and were shown to be highly retrospective.
Elemental and Isotopic Analyses in Forensic Sciences
Authors: Irrgeher Johanna , Bandoniene Donata , Draxler Johannes , Prohaska Thomas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe focus of this work is a comprehensive overview of analytical techniques for elemental and isotopic analyses applied in forensic science (i.e. linking crime scene evidence to a crime by applying analytical techniques). The article provides a short description of the spectroscopic techniques and an overview of selected applications. In addition to general forensics, applications in nuclear forensics, environmental forensics, and food forensics are covered. Selected applications are linked to reviews and selected publications, which should allow for an overview of the current approaches in forensic analytical chemistry. This is an update article of its first version published in 2014 by Prohaska and Draxler.1
Ambient Ionization for the Detection of Chemical Warfare Agents and Related Chemistries
Authors: McBride Ethan M. , Mach Phillip M. , Dhummakupt Elizabeth S. , Hollinshead Donna E. , Glaros Trevor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The generation of ions outside of a mass spectrometer in the absence of a vacuum, under normal atmospheric conditions, is referred to as ambient ionization. Although many ionization techniques meet this broad definition, the term ‘ambient ionization’ is typically reserved for ionization techniques that allow for in situ sample analysis requiring little to no sample preparation. This cascade of techniques was first realized in 2004 with the introduction of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Since then, a whole host of ambient ionization techniques, each with categorical applications, have been developed. This article focuses on the most popular ambient ionization techniques: DESI, direct analysis in real time (DART), and paper spray (PS) ionization as they relate to the analysis of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and related chemistries.