bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainability and financial performance of small and medium sized enterprises: A bibliometric and systematic literature review
Authors: Bartolacci Francesca , Caputo Andrea , Soverchia Michela 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBased on a 20‐year dataset collected from the Web of Science database, this study aims to present a comprehensive knowledge map of the intellectual structure of the field of study of sustainability and financial performances in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). A bibliometric analysis and a systematic literature review method were employed by analyzing articles published between 1999 and 2018, using the VOSViewer software. The study provides an overview of articles, authors, the most influential journals, and themes of research. The results reveal the existence of three themes in research: the role of innovation and entrepreneurship and their impact on sustainability in SMEs (cluster 1), corporate social responsibility in the context of SMEs (cluster 2), and green management and environmental issues for SMEs (cluster 3). In sum, this paper discusses prominent insights from the research analyses and recommends future research directions for the field.
Survival of stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with or without concurrent chemotherapy: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Liu Di‐Han , Zhou Xiao‐Yu , Pan You‐Guang , Chen Si , Ye Zheng‐Hao , Chen Gang‐Dong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo ascertain if concurrent chemotherapy (CCT) benefits people with stage II nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with two‐dimensional radiotherapy (2DRT) or intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).MethodsA total of 4157 patients diagnosed with stage II NPC were evaluated. Patients received radiotherapy (RT) with/without CCT. Patients were divided into 2DRT and IMRT subgroups. After propensity score matching, the role of CCT was explored in these two subgroups. Overall survival (OS) was the primary endpoint and progression‐free survival (PFS), locoregional relapse‐free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS) were secondary endpoints.ResultsIn the 2DRT subgroup, CCT addition to RT benefited cases with T1N1/T2N1 in OS, PFS and LRFS (P < .001, P = .003 and P = .003, respectively) significantly, but no difference was observed in patients with T2N0. DMFS were similar in the two arms. CCT was a significant protective factor for OS, PFS, and LRFS for patients with stage N1. In the IMRT subgroup, RT alone could maintain equivalent OS, PFS, LRFS and DMFS (P = .209, .448, .477 and .602 respectively) and cause less acute toxicity compared with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).ConclusionCCRT was better than 2DRT alone among patients with T1‐2N1M0 stage. CCT application for NPC patients receiving IMRT led to no survival benefit and greater toxic effects.
Unexpected NADPH Hydratase Activity in the Nitrile Reductase QueF from Escherichia coli
Authors: Jung Jihye , Braun Jan , Czabany Tibor , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe nitrile reductase QueF catalyzes NADPH‐dependent reduction of the nitrile group of preQ0 (7‐cyano‐7‐deazaguanine) into the primary amine of preQ1 (7‐aminomethyl‐7‐deazaguanine), a biologically unique reaction important in bacterial nucleoside biosynthesis. Here we have discovered that the QueF from Escherichia coli—its D197A and E89L variants in particular (apparent kcat≈10−2 min−1)—also catalyze the slow hydration of the C5=C6 double bond of the dihydronicotinamide moiety of NADPH. The enzymatically C6‐hydrated NADPH is a 3.5:1 mixture of R and S forms and rearranges spontaneously through anomeric epimerization (β→α) and cyclization at the tetrahydronicotinamide C6 and the ribosyl O2. NADH and 1‐methyl‐ or 1‐benzyl‐1,4‐dihydronicotinamide are not substrates of the enzymatic hydration. Mutagenesis results support a QueF hydratase mechanism, in which Cys190—the essential catalytic nucleophile for nitrile reduction—acts as the general acid for protonation at the dihydronicotinamide C5 of NADPH. Thus, the NADPH hydration in the presence of QueF bears mechanistic resemblance to the C=C double bond hydration in natural hydratases.
Analyzing the Substrate Specificity of a Class of Long‐Horned‐Beetle‐Derived Xylanases by Using Synthetic Arabinoxylan Oligo‐ and Polysaccharides
Authors: Pauchet Yannick , Ruprecht Colin , Pfrengle Fabian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractXylophagous long‐horned beetles thrive in challenging environments. To access nutrients, they secrete plant‐cell‐wall‐degrading enzymes in their gut fluid; among them are cellulases of the subfamily 2 of glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5_2). Recently, we discovered that several beetle‐derived GH5_2s use xylan as a substrate instead of cellulose, which is unusual for this family of enzymes. Here, we analyze the substrate specificity of a GH5_2 xylanase from the beetle Apriona japonica (AJAGH5_2‐1) using commercially available substrates and synthetic arabinoxylan oligo‐ and polysaccharides. We demonstrate that AJAGH5_2‐1 processes arabinoxylan polysaccharides in a manner distinct from classical xylanase families such as GH10 and GH11. AJAGH5_2‐1 is active on long oligosaccharides and cleaves at the non‐reducing end of a substituted xylose residue (position +1) only if: 1) three xylose residues are present upstream and downstream of the cleavage site, and 2) xylose residues at positions −1, −2, +2 and +3 are not substituted.
A rare case of pseudotumor cerebri in adult Lyme disease
Authors: Nørreslet Gimsing Louise , Lunde Larsen Line Sofie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is important to recognize the rare manifestations of chronic Lyme disease to prevent permanent disabilities. We present an adult case of chronic Lyme disease, who developed pseudotumor cerebri and who needed supplementary surgical treatment. We compare it to the existing published literature, reviewed by a systematic approach.
Kinetics of Triphase Extractive Oxidative Desulfurization of Benzothiophene with Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by HPA‐5
Authors: Claußnitzer Johannes , Bertleff Benjamin , Korth Wolfgang , Albert Jakob , Wasserscheid Peter , Jess Andreas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe triphasic aerobic extractive desulfurization of benzothiophene (BT) using an aqueous H8[PV5Mo7O40] solution as catalyst and O2 as oxidant was investigated. A time‐resolved analysis of all reaction products in the gas, organic and aqueous phase, is given. The organic sulfur in BT is mainly converted to sulfuric acid. Mass transport limitations can be excluded. The reaction orders are 1 with regard to BT, and 0.5 both for HPA‐5 and O2. Calculated data derived from this mechanism with a power law kinetic approach show good agreement to the experimental data for conversions below 60 %. At higher BT conversions, significant deviations are found, suggesting that acidic products formed in the BT oxidation affect the catalyst and therefore the initial kinetics of the BT oxidation.
Electrochemical‐Induced Ring Transformation of Cyclic α‐(ortho‐Iodophenyl)‐β‐oxoesters
Authors: Strehl Julia , Kahrs Christoph , Müller Thomas , Hilt Gerhard , Christoffers Jens 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCyclic α‐(ortho‐iodophenyl)‐β‐oxoesters were converted in a ring‐expanding transformation to furnish benzannulated cycloalkanone carboxylic esters. The reaction sequence started by electrochemical reduction of the iodoarene moiety. In a mechanistic rationale, the resulting carbanionic species was adding to the carbonyl group under formation of a strained, tricyclic benzocyclobutene intermediate, which underwent carbon–carbon bond cleavage and rearrangement of the carbon skeleton by retro‐aldol reaction. The scope of the reaction sequence was investigated by converting cyclic oxoesters with different ring sizes yielding benzocycloheptanone, ‐nonanone and ‐decanone derivatives in moderate to good yields. Furthermore, acyclic starting materials and cyclic compounds carrying additional substituents on the iodophenyl ring were submitted to this reaction sequence. The starting materials for this transformation are straightforwardly obtained by conversion of β‐oxoesters with phenyliodobis(trifluoroacetate).
Millistructured Reactor as Tool for Investigating the Kinetics of Maleic Anhydride Synthesis
Authors: Müller Mauritio , Junge Kira , Mestl Gerhard , Turek Thomas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA nearly isothermal millistructured fixed‐bed reactor was used to investigate the kinetics of the selective oxidation of n‐butane to maleic anhydride. In addition to the investigation of a broad range of industrially relevant conditions, the focus was on the influence of the reaction products on the kinetics. For this purpose, a saturator for the accurate dosing of the target product MA was developed. The experimental data were used to derive a reaction network comprising the by‐products acetic and acrylic acid. Additionally, the inhibition of the associated reactions by reactants and products was investigated.
An Efficient, Robust New Scheme for Establishing Broadband Homonuclear Correlations in Biomolecular Solid State NMR
Authors: Wi Sungsool , Frydman Lucio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn efficient mixing scheme is introduced for establishing two‐dimensional (2D) homonuclear correlations based on dipolar couplings. This mixing scheme achieves broadband dipolar recoupling using remarkably low powers even under ultrafast magic‐angle spinning (MAS) rates. This Adiabatic Linearly FREquency Swept reCOupling (AL FRESCO) method applies a series of weak frequency‐chirped pluses on the 1H channel, for performing efficient 13C−13C magnetization transfers leading to cross peaks between sites separated over small or large chemical shift differences. The mixing scheme is nearly free from dipolar truncation effects, and thanks to the low RF powers it involves it can act over long mixing times (≥1.5 sec). Key considerations required for optimizing this chirped pulse mixing scheme are discussed, and the new kind of correlations that can emerge from this method are demonstrated using uniformly 13C‐labeled Barstar as test protein sample.
Elimination of Yellow Phase: An Effective Method to Achieve High Quality HC(NH2)2PbI3‐based Perovskite Films
Authors: Xu Xiaoxiao , Zheng Haiying , Liu Guozhen , Zhu Liangzheng , He Dingchao , Xu Shendong , Xu Huifen , Zhang Liying , Zhang Xianxi , Pan Xu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFormamidinium lead iodide‐based (FAPbI3) perovskite is widely used in the field of photovoltaics, owing to its suitable bandgap (ca. 1.45 eV) and better thermal stability. FAPbI3 has two polymorphs (black α‐FAPbI3 and yellow δ‐FAPbI3) at ambient temperature. The yellow δ‐FAPbI3, which has no photoactivity, has a chain‐like structure that likely hinders electron transport and reduces photovoltaic performance. However, pure‐phase black α‐FAPbI3 without any yellow phase is difficult to obtain and the underlying mechanism of the phase transition is rarely investigated. In this study, a facile bi‐additive method (BA method) has been developed to completely eliminate the yellow δ‐FAPbI3 phase by inducing a phase transition from δ‐FAPbI3 to α‐FAPbI3. HI and Pb(SCN)2 were employed as dual additives. Based on the investigation of the annealing time and temperature, we determined that the BA method can induce the phase transition and enhance the stability of α‐FAPbI3. Owing to the enhanced crystallization as well as uniform morphology of the BA film, the perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibited an increased power conversion efficiency (PCE). Furthermore, the optimal devices displayed excellent stability and maintained over 80 % of initial PCE after aging for 400 h in air. This work provides a new insight into the fabrication of high‐quality pure α‐FAPbI3 perovskite films and makes high efficiency photovoltaic devices a reality.
The impact of local population genetic background on the spread of the selfish element Medea‐1 in red flour beetles
Authors: Cash Sarah A. , Robert Michael A. , Lorenzen Marcé D. , Gould Fred 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSelfish genetic elements have been found in the genomes of many species, yet our understanding of their evolutionary dynamics is only partially understood. A number of distinct selfish Medea elements are naturally present in many populations of the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum). Although these Medea elements are predicted by models to increase in frequency within populations because any offspring of a Medea‐bearing mother that do not inherit at least one Medea allele will die, experiments demonstrating an increase in a naturally occurring Medea element are lacking. Our survey of the specific Medea element, M1, in the United States showed that it had a patchy geographic distribution. From the survey, it could not be determined if this distribution was caused by a slow process of M1 colonization of discrete populations or if some populations lacked M1 because they had genetic factors conferring resistance to the Medea mechanism. We show that populations with naturally low to intermediate M1 frequencies likely represent transient states during the process of Medea spread. Furthermore, we find no evidence that genetic factors are excluding M1 from US populations where the element is not presently found. We also show how a known suppressor of Medea can impair the increase of M1 in populations and discuss the implications of our findings for pest‐management applications of Medea elements.
Relationship between heart rate and outcomes in patients in sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Docherty Kieran F. , Shen Li , Castagno Davide , Petrie Mark C. , Abraham William T. , Böhm Michael , Desai Akshay S. , Dickstein Kenneth , Køber Lars V. , Packer Milton , Rouleau Jean L. , Solomon Scott D. , Swedberg Karl , Vazir Ali , Zile Michael R. , Jhund Pardeep S. , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsTo investigate the relationship between heart rate and outcomes in heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) patients in sinus rhythm (SR) and atrial fibrillation (AF) adjusting for natriuretic peptide concentration, a powerful prognosticator.Methods and resultsOf 13 562 patients from two large HFrEF trials, 10 113 (74.6%) were in SR and 3449 (25.4%) in AF. The primary endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization. Heart rate was analysed as a categorical (tertiles, T1–3) and continuous variable (per 10 bpm), separately in patients in SR and AF. Outcomes were adjusted for prognostic variables, including N‐terminal prohormone of B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), and also examined using change from baseline heart rate to 1 year (≤ −10 bpm, ≥ +10 bpm, < ±10 bpm). SR patients with a higher heart rate had worse symptoms and quality of life, more often had diabetes and higher NT‐proBNP concentrations. They had higher risk of the primary endpoint [T3 vs. T1 adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35–1.66; P < 0.001; per 10 bpm: 1.12, 95% CI 1.09–1.16; P < 0.001]. In SR, heart rate was associated with a relatively higher risk of pump failure than sudden death (adjusted HR per 10 bpm 1.17, 95% CI 1.09–1.26; P < 0.001 vs. 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.13; P = 0.011). Heart rate was not predictive of any outcome in AF.ConclusionsIn HFrEF, an elevated heart rate was an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients in SR, even after adjustment for NT‐proBNP. There was no relationship between heart rate and outcomes in AF.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers NCT01035255 and NCT00853658.
Tritiated Water Exposure in Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Effects on the Early-Life Stages
Authors: Gagnaire Béatrice , Arcanjo Caroline , Cavalié Isabelle , Camilleri Virginie , Simon Olivier , Floriani Magali , Orjollet Daniel , Adam-Guillermin Christelle 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen of natural and anthropogenic origin, is ubiquitously present in the environment. Effluents of nuclear centers of production are significant anthropogenic sources. With the upcoming project of thermonuclear fusion, tritium releases in the environment may increase. It is therefore important to characterize the ecological risk linked to tritium. The effects of tritiated water (HTO) were therefore studied in zebrafish larvae exposed for 10 d to different dose rates, 1.1 × 102, 4.1 × 102, and 3.8 × 103 µGy/h for larvae corresponding, respectively, to a water contamination of 104, 105, and 106 Bq/mL of HTO. Those dose rates were higher than 10 μGy/h, which is the threshold recommended to start monitoring ecosystems where radiological contaminants are present. Mortality, embryo-larval development, immune toxicity, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and alterations of tissues were investigated. The results showed that HTO exposure induced DNA damage and reactive oxygen species production and modulated the expression of genes involved in detoxification processes. Moreover, modifications of the muscular tissues (degradation of myofibrils at 4 d post fertilization and disorganization of mitochondria at later stages) were observed. The results differed with HTO dose rates and with developmental stages. These results will drive future research for the development of new HTO-sensitive biomarkers and will allow us to progress in the characterization of the modes of action of tritium in fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:648–658. © 2019 SETAC
A Mesocosm Assessment of the Effect of Bioturbation by the Ghost Shrimp (Lepidophthalmus louisianensis) on the Fate of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Intertidal Zone
Authors: Klerks Paul L. , Kascak Alex , Cazan Alfy M. , Franco Marco E. , Louka Febee R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To fully assess the long-term impacts of oil spills like the 2010 Deepwater Horizon incident in the northern Gulf of Mexico, the potential for organisms other than microbes to affect the fate and distribution of the oil may have to be considered. This influence could be substantial for abundant bioturbating benthic animals like the ghost shrimp Lepidophthalmus louisianensis. An assessment of the influence of these ghost shrimp on petroleum hydrocarbons was conducted in laboratory micro- and mesocosms containing coastal Gulf of Mexico sediment, seawater, and oil or the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pyrene. In an experiment with pyrene added to the water column, the ghost shrimp presence lowered water-column pyrene concentrations. In an experiment with oil added to the sediment surface, the ghost shrimp presence decreased PAH concentrations in the sediment surface layer but increased these in the water column and subsurface sediment. A companion study and a mass-balance analysis indicated a net loss of PAHs through an enhancement of microbial degradation. In an experiment in which oil was added as a narrow subsurface layer in the sediment, the ghost shrimp presence appeared to broaden the oil's depth distribution. Taken together, these results demonstrate that ghost shrimp can significantly influence the biodegradation and distribution of spilled oil in coastal ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:637–647. © 2019 SETAC
Oblique projection: An interference mitigation for MIMO multihop full‐duplex relay
Authors: Madani Fadoul Moubachir , Nour Hindia MHD , Dimyati Kaharudin , Hanafi Effariza , Sadegh Amiri Iraj 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFull‐duplex (FD) assisted multiple‐input–multiple‐output relaying increases the spectral efficiency through efficient spectrum utilization. The major concerns for the FD assisted relay system are the cancellation of inter‐relay interference (IRI) and relay self‐interference (RSI). Previous works were idealized only on the basis of either RSI or IRI; hence, all other realistic models to overcome the RSI or IRI were unappreciated. This paper aims to reduce the interference‐to‐signal ratio. We propose the joint relay's receive beamforming based on oblique projection to mitigate the RSI and IRI in multihop environments. Applying first orthogonal projectors to the relay's received signal, the relay's received signals are divided into interference subspace and signal subspace. Then, the desired signal is recovered from signal subspace by using oblique projection that cancels out the RSI and IRI. The geometric interpretation of oblique projection is analyzed to understand its properties. The major merit of this method is that it can be adopted even when the RSI and IRI channels are unknown. In comparison to the existing interference cancellation methods, the signal‐to‐interference ratio of our proposed method does not deteriorate even when the transmit power is high. Additionally, we demonstrate that the oblique projection output is equivalent to an orthogonal projection using geometrical interpretation, simulation, and theoretical derivation.
Cost‐ and comfort‐aware aggregated modified least slack time–based domestic power scheduling for residential communities
Authors: Silva Bhagya Nathali , Lee Kyuchang , Yoon Yongtak , Han Jihun , Cao ZhenBo , Han Kijun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEmergence of smart grid notion has revolutionized energy consumption patterns and energy conservation strategies of end users by addressing the broadening gap between electricity demand and supply. Accordingly, domestic appliance scheduling came into the play, gaining phenomenal popularity owing to its consideration on sustainable energy, user behaviors, and varying electricity tariff. To maximize the desired benefits of appliance scheduling, herein, we propose a least slack time (LST)–based scheduling algorithm embedded with consumption thresholds, which minimizes cost on grid electricity, while maximizing user comfort and sustainable energy usage. A modified LST (M‐LST) algorithm was experimented for a multiple‐house scenario with 100 houses. Simulated results were compared with an instance without scheduling and an instance of an existing scheduling scheme based on value on lost load. Renewable energy sources aggregated to M‐LST further improves performance through aggregated M‐LST (M‐LST(A)). Results confirmed the remarkable superiority of the proposed M‐LST(A) in reducing electricity bill, waiting time, peak load, and peak‐to‐average ratio.
Effect of passive protection on fire propagation of electrical cables
Authors: Zeng Dong , Wang Yi , Boardman Daniel 
Published: December 2019

SummaryFlame retardant cable coatings are applied to grouped electrical cables as a passive protection means to reduce the fire hazard. This work studied the flammability of cable coatings and developed a fire test method to evaluate the fire propagation propensity of grouped cables protected by cable coatings. Firstly, ignition tests of 12 cable coatings were conducted and showed that all cable coatings are ignitable. Secondly, three selected cable coatings and a cable bandage, as an alternative passive protection method, were evaluated along with two types of electrical cables in ASTM E‐2058/ISO 12136 by measuring the fire propagation index (FPI). The FPI values of coated cables do not demonstrate a monotonous change relative to the FPI of uncoated cables, and the FPI trend is cable dependent. Thirdly, two selected cable coatings and a cable bandage were further examined in the 2.4‐m parallel panel fire test (PPT) along with an electrical cable with an FPI value of 30 (m/s1/2)/(kW/m)2/3. The cables coated by both tested cable coatings showed fire propagation while the bandaged cables did not propagate. The consistent fire propagation propensities between the PPT and small‐scale fire tests support using the FPA tests to examine the flammability of cable coatings.