bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lyapunov‐based EMPC of constrained nonlinear systems with changing economic costs
Authors: He Defeng , Xu Shan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere exist frequent economic cost changes in many process systems due to variations in price, market demand, disturbance, etc. This change switches the economic setpoint of processes throughout their operation and may cause a loss of feasibility and/or stability in economic model predictive control (EMPC). In this paper, we present a novel Lyapunov‐based EMPC scheme for optimization of changing economic costs of constrained nonlinear systems. The dual‐mode paradigm is used to guarantee stability and constraint satisfaction in the presence of changing economic costs. Parameterization control actions are also adopted to decrease the computational effort of solving EMPC optimization. An equilibrium manifold is introduced to unify the terminal regions of local control Lyapunov functions (CLFs) and this enlarges the domain of attraction of the closed‐loop system with EMPC. Moreover, the proposed controller is shown to be always feasible for any change in economic costs and asymptotic stable by providing some CLFs of the nonlinear system. Finally, an example of CSTR is exploited to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, compared with traditional EMPC.
Recent Progress in Calix[n]quinone (n=4, 6) and Pillar[5]quinone Electrodes for Secondary Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhang Yi , Huang Weiwei , Zhang Qichun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAttributing to the advantages of high theoretical specific capacity, good structural designability and environmental friendliness, organic quinone electrode materials have been applied in secondary batteries to achieve great electrochemical performances. At present, a series of researches about secondary batteries with quinone‐based compounds calix[4]quinone (C4Q), pillar[5]quinone (P5Q) and calix[6]quinone (C6Q) as cathodes have been carried out. In this review, we systematically summarize the applications of these three types of quinone compounds in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs), and magnesium‐ion batteries (Mg‐ion batteries). The optimizing methods for suppressing the dissolution of organic electrode materials such as quasi‐solid‐state electrolytes, all‐solid‐state electrolytes, ionic liquid electrolytes, aqueous electrolytes and carbon immobilization are concluded. This review could provide a good guideline to improve the electrochemical performances of secondary batteries using quinone compounds as cathodes in the future.
Enhanced production of Dopa‐incorporated mussel adhesive protein using engineered translational machineries
Authors: Jeong Ye Seul , Yang Byeongseon , Yang Byungseop , Shin Mincheol , Seong Jihyoun , Cha Hyung Joon , Kwon Inchan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMussel adhesive proteins (MAPs) have great potential as bioglues, particularly in wet conditions. Although in vivo residue‐specific incorporation of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa) in tyrosine‐auxotrophic Escherichia coli cells allows for production of Dopa‐incorporated bioengineered MAPs (dMAPs), the low production yield hinders the practical application of dMAPs. This low production yield of dMAPs is due to low translational activity of a noncanonical amino acid, Dopa, in E. coli cells. Herein, to enhance the production yield of dMAPs, we investigated the coexpression of Dopa‐recognizing tyrosyl‐tRNA synthetases (TyrRSs). To use the Dopa‐specific Methanococcus jannaschii TyrRS (MjTyrRS‐Dopa), we altered the anticodon of tyrosyl‐tRNA amber suppressor into AUA (MjtRNATyrAUA) to recognize a tyrosine codon (AUA). Co‐overexpression of MjTyrRS‐Dopa and MjtRNATyrAUA increased the production yield of Dopa‐incorporated MAP foot protein type 3 (dfp‐3) by 57%. Similarly, overexpression of E. coli TyrRS (EcTyrRS) led to a 72% higher production yield of dfp‐3. Even with coexpression of Dopa‐recognizing TyrRSs, dfp‐3 has a high Dopa incorporation yield (over 90%) compared to ones prepared without TyrRS coexpression.
Nonthermal Plasma‐Induced Degradation of Morin and Enhancement of Biological Activities
Authors: Jeong Gyeong Han , Kim Tae Hoon 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present study, non‐thermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma of induced structural changes of morin resulted in the isolation of one previously undescribed benzofuranone derivative, along with two known compounds. The chemical structures of these degradation products were elucidated by UV, NMR and FAB‐MS spectroscopic analyses. The isolated three compounds showed potent antioxidative activities in two different tests, with IC50 values in the range of 12.9–41.8 μm in the 2,2′‐azino‐bis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) radical scavenging activity, 19.0–71.9 μm for hydroxyl radical scavenging activity test. Furthermore, the new methoxylated benzofuranone exhibited enhancement of inhibitory effects against pancreatic lipase with an IC50 value of 90.7±1.6 μm, when compared to the parent morin. These results suggested that the degradation products isolated from plasma exposed morin might be beneficial for prevention of obesity and related diseases.
Assembly of a DNA Origami Chinese Knot by Only 15% of the Staple Strands
Authors: He Kai , Li Zhe , Liu Longfei , Zheng Mengxi , Mao Chengde 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs a giant leap in DNA self‐assembly, DNA origami has exhibited an unprecedented ability to construct nanostructures with arbitrary shapes and sizes. In typical DNA origami, hundreds of short DNA staple strands fold a long, single‐stranded (ss) DNA scaffold cooperatively into designed nanostructures. However, large numbers of DNA strands are expensive and would hinder applications such as pharmaceutical investigations because of the complicated components. Therefore, one challenge is how to reduce the number of staple strands needed to construct DNA origami. For a DNA origami structure, the scale‐free folding pattern of the scaffold strand is determined by staple strands at the branching vertexes. Simple duplex regions help to define the size‐related features of the origami geometry. In this study, we hypothesized that a scaffold strand can be correctly folded into a designed topology by using only staple strands involved in branching vertexes. After assembly, any remaining, flexible, single‐stranded regions of the scaffold could be converted into rigid duplexes by DNA polymerase to achieve the designed geometric structures. To demonstrate the concept, we used only 18 staple strands (covering 15 % of the scaffold strand) to assemble a porous DNA nanostructure, which was visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). This study helps understanding of the role of cooperativity in origami folding, and provides a cost‐effective approach for small‐scale prototyping DNA origami.
Resolution by Preferential Crystallization of Proxyphylline by Using Its Salicylic Acid Monohydrate Co‐Crystal
Authors: Harfouche Lina C. , Brandel Clément , Cartigny Yohann , Petit Samuel , Coquerel Gérard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe monohydrated co‐crystal composed of the chiral active pharmaceutical ingredient proxyphylline, salicylic acid, and water was successfully resolved by preferential crystallization from a water/ethanol mixture. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of preferential crystallization applied to such a system and the results reveal that unusually high enantiomeric excess values can be attained in the mother liquor. These robust and reproducible results underline the potential of preferential crystallization to resolve co‐crystal systems.
Polyacrylonitrile/α‐Fe2O3 Hybrid Photocatalytic Composite Adsorbents for Enhanced Dye Removal
Authors: Mohammadreza Miraboutalebi Seyed , Peydayesh Mohammad , Bagheri Maryam , Mohammadi Toraj 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe potential of a novel α‐Fe2O3/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hybrid composite adsorbent to eliminate methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution was evaluated. PAN was selected as the base composite. The presence of α‐Fe2O3 as nanophotocatalyst on the surface of PAN introduced an efficient photocatalytic hybrid composite adsorbent for degrading MB. Effects of α‐Fe2O3 nanopowder loading, pH, temperature, MB initial concentration, solar light, and contact time were investigated. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms were applied to analyze the adsorption behavior. The Freundlich equation provided the best correlation with experimental data. Pseudo‐first‐order, pseudo‐second‐order, and intraparticle models were employed. Thermodynamic studies indicated an endotherm and spontaneous adsorption process in a defined temperature range.
Creating Competitive Active Sites on CNTs Walls by N‐Doping and Sublayer Co4N Encapsulating for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Jiao Mingyang , Wang Zhiheng , Chen Zhipeng , Zhang Xinxin , Mou Kaiwen , Zhang Wei , Liu Licheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn excellent catalyst can be effectively designed by adjusting its electronic structure. In this paper, an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst, carbon nanotubes with N doping and sublayer Co4N encapsulating (N−CNTs@Co4N) supported on Ni foam (NF), was designed and prepared through a complementary electronic structure principle. The as‐prepared N−CNTs@Co4N@NF catalyst shows outstanding hydrogen evolution activity in 1.0 M KOH solution. DFT calculation indicated that carbon nanotubes wall of N−CNTs@Co4N@NF catalyst provided more competitive catalytic active sites for hydrogen evolution reaction than N doped CNTs and Co4N singly. The greatly improved catalytic ability was owing to the redistribution of electron density for N−CNTs after Co4N embeds in, leading to a moderate absorption energy of H. This study demonstrated the successful rational design and experimental verification on developing a novel non‐noble metal catalyst.
A Path to More Sustainable Catalysis: The Critical Role of LiBr in Avoiding Catalyst Death and its Impact on Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Eckert Philip , Organ Michael G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe role that LiBr plays in the lifetime of Pd‐NHC complexes has been investigated. A bromide ion is proposed to coordinate to Pd thereby preventing beta hydride elimination (BHE) (to form NHC‐H+) of the reductive elimination (RE) intermediate that normally completes with the desired cross‐coupling catalytic cycle. Coordinating groups, such as anilines, are able to bind suitably well to Pd to prevent this pathway from occurring, thus reducing the need for the added salt. The metal hydride formed from BHE is very unstable and RE of the hydride to the NHC ligand occurs very rapidly giving rise to the corresponding hydrido‐NHC (i.e., NHC‐H+). The use of the per deuterated dibutylzinc shows a significant deuterium isotope effect, shutting down catalyst death almost completely. The use of bis‐neopentylzinc, now possessing no hydrides, eliminates catalyst death all together leading to a very long‐lived catalytic cycle and confirming the untoward role of BHE.
Temperature‐Dependent Electrochemical Properties and Electrode Kinetics of Na3V2(PO4)2O2F Cathode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries with High Energy Density
Authors: Zhao Xin‐Xin , Gu Zhen‐Yi , Li Wen‐Hao , Yang Xu , Guo Jin‐Zhi , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhosphate cathode materials are practical for use in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) owing to their high stability and long‐term cycle life. In this work, the temperature‐dependent properties of the phosphate cathode Na3V2(PO4)2O2F (NVPOF) are studied in a wide temperature range from −25 to 55 °C. Upon cycling at general temperature (above 0 °C), the NVPOF cathode retains an excellent charge/discharge performance, and the rate capability is noteworthy, indicating that NVPOF is a competitive candidate as a temperature‐adaptive cathode for SIBs. Upon decreasing the temperature below 0 °C, the cell performance deteriorates, which may be caused by the electrolyte and Na electrode, based on the study of ionic conductivity and electrode kinetics. This work proposes a new breakthrough point for the development of SIBs with high performance over a wide temperature range for advanced power systems.
Para‐Selective Cyanation of Arenes by H‐Bonded Template
Authors: Pimparkar Sandeep , Bhattacharya Trisha , Maji Arun , Saha Argha , Jayarajan Ramasamy , Dutta Uttam , Lu Gang , Lupton David W. , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe significance of site selective functionalization stands upon the superior selectivity, easy synthesis and diverse product utility. In this work, we demonstrate the para‐selective introduction of versatile nitrile moiety, enabled by a detachable and reusable H‐bonded auxiliary. The methodology holds its efficiency irrespective of substrate electronic bias. The conspicuous shift in the step energetics was probed by both experimental and computational mechanistic tools, which heralds the inception of para‐deuteration. The synthetic impact of the methodology was highlighted with reusability of directing group and post synthetic modifications.
The enantioselective enrichment, metabolism, and toxicity of fenoxaprop‐ethyl and its metabolites in zebrafish
Authors: Xu Yangguang , Jing Xu , Zhai Wangjing , Li Xuefeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo investigate the impacts of the widely used chiral herbicide fenoxaprop‐ethyl (FE) on aquatic organisms, the enrichment, metabolism, acute toxicity, and oxidative stress of fenoxaprop‐ethyl and its main metabolites fenoxaprop (FA), ethyl‐2‐(4‐hydroxyphenoxy)propanoate (EHPP), 2‐(4‐hydroxyphenoxy)propanoic acid (HPPA), and 6‐chloro‐2,3‐dihydrobenzoxazol‐2‐one (CDHB) in zebrafish were studied. The enantioselectivity of fenoxaprop‐ethyl and its chiral metabolites was also determined. Fenoxaprop‐ethyl quickly degraded in zebrafish by aquatic exposure. FA, HPPA, and CDHB were the main metabolites that were enriched in the zebrafish. In the metabolism experiment, the half‐lives of the metabolites were 0.92–1.72 days in zebrafish. The R‐enantiomers of FA and HPPA were preferentially enriched and metabolized with enantiomeric fractions (EFs) of 0.65–0.85. According to the 96‐h acute toxicity, FA, HPPA, EHPP, and CDHB were less toxic to zebrafish than FE, following the order of FE > CDHB > EHPP > FA > HPPA. The S‐enantiomers of FE, FA, CDHB, and EHPP were more toxic than the R‐enantiomers. FE and its metabolites could significantly increase catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in gill and liver tissues, indicating their oxidative stress, and these effects were also enantioselective. This work could supply more information for evaluating the risks of fenoxaprop‐ethyl on aquatic organisms concerning their metabolites and enantiomers.
Surface Science and Electrochemical Model Studies on the Interaction of Graphite and Li‐Containing Ionic Liquids
Authors: Weber Isabella , Kim Jihyun , Buchner Florian , Schnaidt Johannes , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe process of solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation is systematically investigated along with its chemical composition on carbon electrodes in an ionic liquid‐based, Li‐containing electrolyte in a combined surface science and electrochemical model study using highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and binder‐free graphite powder electrodes (Mage) as model systems. The chemical decomposition process is explored by deposition of Li on a pre‐deposited multilayer film of 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([BMP][TFSI]) under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Electrochemical SEI formation is induced by and monitored during potential cycling in [BMP][TFSI]+0.1 m LiTFSI. The chemical composition of the resulting layers is characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), both at the surface and in deeper layers, closer to the electrode|SEI interface, after partial removal of the film by Ar+ ion sputtering. Clear differences between chemical and electrochemical SEI formation, and also between SEI formation on HOPG and Mage electrodes, are observed and discussed.
Limbostomy: Longitudinal Intravital Microendoscopy in Murine Osteotomies
Authors: Stefanowski Jonathan , Fiedler Alexander F. , Köhler Markus , Günther Robert , Liublin Wjatscheslaw , Tschaikner Martin , Rauch Ariana , Reismann David , Matthys Romano , Nützi Reto , Bixel Maria Gabriele , Adams Ralf H. , Niesner Raluca A. , Duda Georg N. , Hauser Anja E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBone healing involves the interplay of immune cells, mesenchymal cells, and vasculature over the time course of regeneration. Approaches to quantify the spatiotemporal aspects of bone healing at cellular resolution during long bone healing do not yet exist. Here, a novel technique termed Limbostomy is presented, which combines intravital microendoscopy with an osteotomy. This design allows a modular combination of an internal fixator plate with a gradient refractive index (GRIN) lens at various depths in the bone marrow and can be combined with a surgical osteotomy procedure. The field of view (FOV) covers a significant area of the fracture gap and allows monitoring cellular processes in vivo. The GRIN lens causes intrinsic optical aberrations which have to be corrected. The optical system was characterized and a postprocessing algorithm was developed. It corrects for wave front aberration‐induced image plane deformation and for background and noise signals, enabling us to observe subcellular processes. Exemplarily, we quantitatively and qualitatively analyze angiogenesis in bone regeneration. We make use of a transgenic reporter mouse strain with nucleargreen fluorescent protein and membrane‐bound tdTomato under the Cadherin‐5 promoter. We observe two phases of vascularization. First, rapid vessel sprouting pervades the FOV within 3–4 days after osteotomy. Second, the vessel network continues to be dynamically remodeled until the end of our observation time, 14 days after surgery. Limbostomy opens a unique set of opportunities and allows further insight on spatiotemporal aspects of bone marrow biology, for example, hematopoiesis, analysis of cellular niches, immunological memory, and vascularization in the bone marrow during health and disease. © 2020 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Outcomes of patients after successful left ventricular assist device explantation: a EUROMACS study
Authors: Antonides Christiaan F.J. , Schoenrath Felix , de By Theo M.M.H. , Muslem Rahatullah , Veen Kevin , Yalcin Yunus C. , Netuka Ivan , Gummert Jan , Potapov Evgenij V. , Meyns Bart , Özbaran Mustafa , Schibilsky David , Caliskan Kadir ,   the EUROMACS investigators
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsSufficient myocardial recovery with the subsequent explantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) occurs in approximately 1–2% of the cases. However, follow‐up data about this condition are scarcely available in the literature. This study aimed to report the long‐term outcomes and clinical management following LVAD explantation.Methods and resultsAn analysis of the European Registry for Patients with Mechanical Circulatory Support was performed to identify all adult patients with myocardial recovery and successful explantation. Pre‐implant characteristics were retrieved and compared with the non‐recovery patients. The follow‐up data after explantation were collected via a questionnaire. A Kaplan–Meier analysis for freedom of the composite endpoint of death, heart transplantation, LVAD reimplantion, or heart failure (HF) relapse was conducted. A total of 45 (1.4%) cases with myocardial recovery resulting in successful LVAD explantation were identified. Compared with those who did not experience myocardial recovery, the explanted patients were younger (44 vs. 56 years, P < 0.001), had a shorter duration of cardiac disease (P < 0.001), and were less likely to have ischaemic cardiomyopathy (9% vs. 41.8%, P < 0.001). Follow‐up after explantation could be acquired in 28 (62%) cases. The median age at LVAD implantation was 43 years (inter‐quartile range: 29–52), and 23 (82%) were male. Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction was 18% (inter‐quartile range: 10–20%), and 60.7% of the patients had Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support Profile 1 or 2. Aetiologies of HF were dilated cardiomyopathy in 36%, myocarditis in 32%, and ischaemic in 14% of the patients, and 18% had miscellaneous aetiologies. The devices implanted were HeartMate II in 14 (50%), HVAD in 11 (39%), HeartMate 3 in 2 (7%), and 1 unknown with a median duration of support of 410 days (range: 59–1286). The median follow‐up after explantation was 26 months (range 0.3–73 months), and 82% of the patients were in New York Heart Association Class I or II. Beta‐blockers were prescribed to 85%, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors to 71%, and loop diuretics to 50% of the patients, respectively. Freedom from the composite endpoint was 100% after 30 days and 88% after 2 years.ConclusionsThe survival after LVAD explantation is excellent without the need for heart transplantation or LVAD reimplantation. Only a minority of the patients suffer from a relapse of significant HF.
Cryptic and atypical KMT2A‐USP2 and KMT2A‐USP8 rearrangements identified by mate pair sequencing in infant and childhood leukemia
Authors: Blackburn Patrick R. , Smadbeck James B. , Znoyko Iya , Webley Matthew R. , Pitel Beth A. , Vasmatzis George , Xu Xinjie , Greipp Patricia T. , Hoppman Nicole L. , Ketterling Rhett P. , Baughn Linda B. , Lindsey Kathryn G. , Schandl Cynthia A. , Wolff Daynna J. , Peterson Jess F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInfant leukemias are a rare group of neoplasms that are clinically and biologically distinct from their pediatric and adult counterparts. Unlike leukemia in older children where survival rates are generally favorable, infants with leukemia have a 5‐year event‐free survival rate of <50%. The majority of infant leukemias are characterized by KMT2A (MLL) rearrangements (~70 to 80% in acute lymphoblastic leukemia), which appear to be drivers of early leukemogenesis. In this report, we describe three cases: a 9‐month‐old female infant with B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL), an 8‐month‐old female presenting with B/myeloid mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), and a 16‐month‐old male with B‐ALL. The first case had a normal karyotype and B‐ALL FISH results consistent with an atypical KMT2A rearrangement. The second case had trisomy 10 as the sole chromosomal abnormality and a normal KMT2A FISH result. Case 3 had trisomy 8 and a t(11;15)(q23;q21), an atypical KMT2A rearrangement by FISH studies, and a focal deletion of 15q with a breakpoint within the USP8 gene by chromosomal microarray. Mate pair sequencing was performed on all three cases and identified a KMT2A‐USP2 rearrangement (cases 1 and 2) or a KMT2A‐USP8 rearrangement (case 3). These recently characterized KMT2A fusions have been described exclusively in infant and pediatric leukemia cases where the incidence varies vary according to leukemia subtype, are considered high‐risk, with a high incidence of central nervous system involvement, poor response to initial prednisone treatment, and poor event free survival. Additionally, approximately half of cases are unable to be resolved using standard cytogenetic approaches and are likely under recognized. Therefore, targeted molecular approaches are suggested in genetically unresolved infant leukemia cases to characterize these prognostically relevant clones.