bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decitabine Reverses CSC-Induced Docetaxel Resistance via Epigenetic Regulation of DAB2IP in TNBC.
Authors: Xiong Zhenchong , Yang Lin , Yang Lu , Fu Jianchang , Liu Peng , Sun Peng , Tang Hailin , Xie Xiaoming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Although docetaxel (DOC)-based chemotherapy, the standard of care for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), has greatly improved cancer survival, chemoresistance invariably evolves. Methods: Using TNBC and docetaxel-resistant TNBC cell lines, we established murine breast cancer xenograft models to evaluate the impact of decitabine on DOC resistance. The methylation status of DAB2IP was evaluated in 226 TNBC patients and TNBC cell lines by BSP analysis. A limiting dilution assay was performed to evaluate the tumorigenic capacity in vivo. Cellular and molecular mechanisms were demonstrated using in vivo and in vitro biochemical methods.Results: Here, we observed that a low dose of DAC significantly prevented the evolution of DOC resistance via inhibition of cancer stem cell (CSC) enrichment in TNBC. The bisulfite sequencing PCR analysis showed that DAC treatment increased DAB2IP expression via inhibition of DNA methylation in both DOC-resistant TNBC cells and tumorspheres. Loss of DAB2IP boosted the enrichment of CSCs through activation of Erk/β-catenin signaling in vitro and facilitated tumor initiation in vivo. In mouse model, TNBC tumors with inhibition of DAB2IP exhibited poor response to DOC and DOC-resistant tumors were resensitized to DOC treatment by low-dose DAC treatment in vivo. Finally, hypermethylation of DAB2IP was correlated with low expression of DAB2IP and poor outcome of TNBC patients treated with DOC-based chemotherapy. Conclusions: Collectively, we discovered that epigenetic silencing of DAB2IP is a driver of CSC enrichment, which results in the evolution of DOC resistance, and a low dose of DAC reverses DOC resistance through epigenetic re-expression of DAB2IP.
Chitosan-sodium alginate-fatty acid nanocarrier composite: lutein bioavailability, absorption pharmacokinetics in diabetic rat and protection of retinal cells against H2O2 induced oxidative stress in vitro
Authors: Toragall Veeresh B , V Baskarn 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aiming to enhance therapeutic efficiency of lutein, lutein loaded chitosan-sodium alginate (CS-SA) based nanocarrier composite (LNCs) were prepared and evaluated for lutein bioavailability and pharmacokinetics in diabetic rats in comparison to micellar lutein (control). Further, cytotoxicity, cellular uptake and protective activity against H2O2 induced oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cells were studied. Results revealed that LNCs displayed maximal lutein AUC in plasma, liver and eye respectively in normal (3.1, 2.7 and 5.2 folds) and diabetic (7.3, 3.4 and 2.8 folds) rats. Lutein from LNCs exhibited a higher half-life time, mean residence time and slow clearance from the plasma, indicating prolonged circulation compared to control. In ARPE-19 cells, pre-treatment with LNCs (10 µM) have significantly attenuated H2O2 induced cell death, intracellular ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential compared to control. In conclusion, LNCs improve the lutein bioavailability in conditions like diabetes, diabetic retinopathy and cataract to curtail oxidative stress in retinal cells.
Biomarkers Associated With Metastasis and Prognosis of Lung Cancer Based on Microarray Databiomarkers Associated With Metastasis and Prognosis of Lung Cancer Based on Microarray Data
Authors: Du Jiang , Qiao Han , Xie Dalong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: We attempted to discover the biomarker associated with lung cancer metastasis and prognosis.Methods: The mRNA/lncRNA expression profiles were downloaded from the publicly available database, which included three highly metastatic and three weakly metastatic samples. The differentially expressed genes and lncRNAs were analyzed and survival analysis were performed based on the TCGA database. The prognosis associated protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and mRNA-lncRNA coexpression network were constructed followed by the function and pathway enrichment analysis.Results: Total 256 differentially expressed genes and 2 lncRNAs were found to be closely related with prognosis. PPI network was constructed with 222 nodes and 1464 edges. Two modules were divided from PPI network. Genes in Module A were significantly enriched in cell cycle checkpoint, chromosome segregation, and mitotic cell cycle checkpoint. The Module B was closely related with pyridine nucleotide metabolic process, nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic process and carbon metabolism. Coexpression network revealed lncRNA H19 and lncRNA SNHG12 were significant nodes. SNHG12 was closely related with GO:0006260~DNA replication, GO:0055114~oxidation-reduction process and hsa00010:Glycolysis/ Gluconeogenesis. H19 was enriched in GO:0006555~methionine metabolic process, and GO:0046655~folic acid metabolic process.Conclusion: TTK, CCNB1 and lncRNA SNHG12 may be the biomarker associated with metastasis and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
Investigation of Immune‐related Makers Associated with Tumor-infiltrating T Cells in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Liao Haihong , Han Shuwen , Pan Yuefen , Xu Jiamin , Qi Quan , Jiang Yizhen , Yang Xi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumor-infiltrating T cells in the tumor microenvironment are the biological basis of immunotherapy and promising predictors of cancer prognosis. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate immune‐related RNAs associated with tumor-infiltrating T cells in ovarian cancer (OV).Methods: The gene expression data of patients with OV were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The immune and stromal scores were calculated and the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) were screened. The abundance of six types of infiltrating immune cells was investigated, and the immune-related DEGs associated with tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were explored by correlation analyses. Subsequently, multiple analyses, i.e., protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA; lncRNA-miRNA-target) network analysis, and small-molecule target network analysis, were performed. Results: In total, 37 and 49 immune-related DEGs of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were screened, respectively. PPI network results showed that granzyme B (GZMB) was a hub node in the two PPI networks constructed by immune-related DEGs of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Moreover, the ceRNA chr22-38_28785274-29006793.1/has-miR-1249-5p/CD3E was obtained from the two constructed ceRNA networks related to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Survival analysis revealed that key immune-related DEGs of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, such as GZMB and CD3E, were positively correlated with patient prognosis. Conclusion: GZMB and ceRNAs, such as chr22-38_28785274-29006793.1/has-miR-1249-5p/CD3E, may mediate the role of tumor-infiltrating T cells in OV. GZMB and CD3E may be used as promising T cell-related biomarkers with prognostic value in OV.
Influence of Host and Geographical Regions on the Rumen Methanogens Diversity in Indian Cattle and Buffaloes
Authors: Trivedi Shraddha , Malik Pradeep Kumar , Kolte Atul Purushottam , Thirumalaisamy Govindasamy , Kumar Vanitha Shyamili , Veerasamy Sejian , Dhali Arindam , Bhatta Raghavendra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Archaea belong to the domain Euryarchaeota, represents only 3-5% of the rumen microbiota; however, they play a central role in maintaining the H2 pressure. Host species in conjunction with geographical regions may lead to the variable distribution of rumen methanogens. Indian cattle and buffaloes represent 13 and 53% of the global population, respectively. However, the influence of host species (bovine) and geographical regions on the methanogens distribution has not been investigated in Indian subcontinent. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to explore the rumen methanogens diversity in the cattle and buffaloes native to the two distinct geographical regions of India. Results Next generation sequencing of 16S rRNA gene from 36 rumen fluid samples corresponding to cattle and buffaloes revealed that Methanobrevibacter (Mbr.) genus constituted largest fraction (55-62%) of the rumen archaeal community. Furthermore, Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii was the most prominent methanogens with the significantly higher abundance in cattle. Methanomassiliicoccales represented <10% of the total archaeal community and was found to be the most variable between these two host species. In north region, the distribution of Methanomassiliicoccales, such as Methanosphaera sp., Group 4, Group 8, Group 12 sp. and Group 9 sp. was significantly higher in cattle. The distribution of prominent methanogens, such as Mbr. gottschalkii and Mbr. ruminantium did not differ between two host species in the north region. However, Mbr. gottschalkii was significantly higher in buffaloes as compared to cattle in south region. Mbr. wolinii was exclusively detected in the cattle. Inter-region comparison established that Methanomassiliicoccales were the most variable between the two regions. Conclusions Host species did not affect the distribution of hydrogenotrophic methanogens except for Mbr. gottschalkii. Methylotrophic methanogens, in spite of their limited representation, were most influenced by the host species and geographical regions. Overall, the Methanomassiliicoccales distribution was higher in cattle, and the environmental conditions in north region were conducive for their higher distribution. The variable distribution of methanogens indicated that host and geographical region oriented strategies needs to be developed for the reduction of enteric methane emission. Further studies are warranted to explore the impact of diet on the distribution of rumen methanogens between the host species within and across different environmental conditions.
An Assessment of the Feasibility and Effectiveness of Distance Learning for Students with Severe Developmental Disabilities and High Behavioral Needs
Authors: Tomaino Melaura Andree Erickson , Greenberg Alissa L. , Kagawa Sarah , Doering Sagui A. , Miguel Edward Steven 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
School across the country closed their doors during the COVID-19 pandemic. These measures impacted all students, as schools, educators, and families grappled with the realities of transitioning to distance learning platforms. The research on distance learning is still in its early phases. However, almost no research exists on educating students with severe disabilities and high behavioral needs using this technology. Study 1 collected survey data from students’ families and their teachers on the feasibility and effectiveness of distance learning programs when working with students with severe developmental disabilities and high behavioral needs. Results indicated that parents and educators alike reported that distance learning was beneficial for most students but that in person education is more effective with this population. Study 2 further examined the effects of a transition to distance learning on students’ IEP goal progress. Analyses revealed that, overall, students maintained skills addressed in their IEP (i.e., no significant regression or progress). Findings contribute to a much needed literature base suggesting that while distance learning is better than no education, in person instruction is more effective and preferred for most students with severe developmental disabilities and high behavioral needs.
Iodine-Mediated Multi-Component Reactions: Readily Access to Tetrazoles and Guanidines
Authors: Shaik Bajivali , Seelam Mohan , Tamminana Ramana , Kammela Prasad Rao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract:Environmentally benign syntheses of One-pot sequential reactions of benzoyl chloride with amines followed by the treatment of molecular I2 reagent under basic conditions provide benzoyl tetrazoles and guanidines in moderate to excellent yields. This one-pot synthesis has several advantages such as mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, convenient workup, high yields, using cheap and readily available reagent molecular Iodine. In addition, functional group tolerance has been explored.
4-Aminosalicylic Acid-based Hybrid Compounds: Synthesis and In vitro Antiplasmodial Evaluation
Authors: Nqoro Xhamla , Jama Siphesihle , Morifi Eric , Aderibigbe Blessing Atim 
Published: August 2020

Background:Malaria is a deadly and infectious disease responsible for millions of death worldwide, mostly in the African region. The malaria parasite has developed resistance to the currently used antimalarial drugs, and it has urged researchers to develop new strategies to overcome this challenge by designing different classes of antimalarials.Objectives:A class of hybrid compounds containing 4-aminosalicylic acid moiety was prepared via esterification and amidation reactions and characterized using FTIR, NMR and LC-MS. In vitro antiplasmodial evaluation was performed against the asexual NF54 strain of P. falciparum parasites.Methods:In this research, known 4-aminoquinoline derivatives were hybridized with 4- aminosalicylic acid to afford hybrid compounds via esterification and amidation reactions. 4- aminosalicylic acid, a dihydrofolate compound inhibits DNA synthesis in the folate pathway and is a potential pharmacophore for the development of antimalarials.Results:The LC-MS, FTIR, and NMR analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of the compounds. The compounds were obtained in yields in the range of 63-80%. The hybrid compounds displayed significant antimalarial activity when compared to 4-aminosalicylic acid, which exhibited poor antimalarial activity. The IC50 value of the most potent hybrid compound, 9 was 9.54±0.57 nm.Conclusion:4-aminosalicylic has different functionalities, which can be used for hybridization with a wide range of compounds. It is a potential pharmacophore that can be utilized for the design of potent antimalarial drugs. It was found to be a good potentiating agent when hybridized with 4- aminoquinoline derivatives suggesting that they can be utilized for the synthesis of a new class of antimalarials.
Synthesis and Biological Activity Evaluation of Polyfunctionalized Anthraquinonehydrazones
Authors: Lozynskyi Andrii , Holota Serhii , Yushyn Ihor , Sabadakh Oksana , Karpenko Olexandr , Novikov Volodymyr , Lesyk Roman 
Published: August 2020

Background :
Anthraquinone derivatives, frequently occurring motifs in many various
natural compounds, have attracted a great deal of interest as compounds with a wide spectrum of
biological activities.

Introduction:
The hybrid pharmacophore approach has become an object of considerable interest
due to the incorporation of a five- or six-membered heterocyclic rings in the structure of various
natural compounds, especially anthraquinone derivatives.

Methods:
A series of polyfunctionalized anthraquinonehydrazones have been synthesized via the
azo-coupling reaction between anthraquinone-based triazenes and methylene active compounds. The
structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectral data. Some of the synthesized
compounds were screened for their in vitro anticancer activity according to US NCI protocols. The
screening of antimicrobial and antifungal activities against Candida albicans and Lactobacillus sp.
was carried out. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant (DPPH free radical
scavenging assay) and herbicidal activity.

Results:
The synthesized 1-[N'-(5-oxo-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-ylidene)-hydrazino]-anthraquinone
1.5 displayed a high level of antimitotic activity against tested human tumor cells with mean
GI50/TGI values 4.06/78.52μM. The screening of antimicrobial and antifungal activities led to the
identification of 1.8 and 1.9 with a moderate effect on Candida albicans and Lactobacillus sp. Antioxidant
activity evaluation allowed the identification of 1-[N'-(3-methyl-5-oxo-1-phenyl-1,5-
dihydropyrazol-4-ylidene)-hydrazino]-anthraquinone 1.8 with an IC50 value of 3.715 mM. The herbicidal
activity screening led to compound identification 1.8 with growth inhibition of Agrostis stolonifera
at 25 %.

Conclusion:
The obtained anthraquinonehydrazones constitute an interesting template for the design
of new synthetic agents with polypharmacological activities.
Microwave Assisted, Antimicrobial Activity and Molecular Modeling of Some Synthesized Newly Pyrimidine Derivatives Using 1, 4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane as a Catalyst
Authors: Elkanzi Nadia Ali Ahmed , Bakr Rania Badaway 
Published: August 2020

Background:Pyrimidine ring is one of the most important heterocyclic scaffolds due to its biological benefits as antimicrobial agents via acting as competitive suppressors of dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) enzyme, inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase or glucosamine N-phosphate synthase.Objective:The objective of this work is preparing twenty four derivatives of pyrimidine heterocycle 1a-f, 2a-f, 3a-f and 4a-f via a facile one step reaction with antimicrobial potential.Methods:Novel twenty four derivatives of pyrimidine heterocycle 1a-f, 2a-f, 3a-f and 4a-f were prepared via a facile one step reaction by treating substituted aldehydes, urea and / or thiourea and active methylene derivatives (diethyl malonate and / or ethyl cyanoacetate) using 1,4- diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as a basic catalyst. The chemical structures of all these novel targets were proved by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, MS and elemental analyses. All the twenty four new targets 1a-f, 2a-f, 3a-f and 4a-f were assessed for their antimicrobial activity towards bacteria as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli and against fungi represented by Aspergillus flavus and Candida albicans.Results:Most of the compounds exhibited very good antimicrobial activity, especially; compound (1c) exhibited the most activity against three types of bacteria Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, this derivative 1c displayed similar antifungal activity towards Candida albicans as that exhibited by amphotericin B.Conclusion:All the screened compounds 1a-f, 2a-f, 3a-f and 4a-f showed antibacterial activity with inhibition zone diameter range 6-21 mm/mg, while, regarding the antifungal activity, all the novel derivatives except 2b, 2d, 3a, 3c, 3e did not have any effect towards Aspergillus flavus and 3d did not reveal any inhibitory activity towards both fungal species.
Evaluation of α-amylase Inhibition and Cytotoxic Activities of the Arachis hypogaea and Cinnamomum tamala
Authors: Sani Deedarul H. , Munna Ali N. , Alam Md. Jahangir , Salim Mohammad , Alam Md. Jahangir 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is the most occurring non-communicable disease resulting
in a high blood glucose level. There has been an immense interest in the development of alternative
medicines for diabetes treatment, specifically screening functional foods for phytochemicals
with the capability of delaying or preventing glucose absorption through digestive enzymes (e.g.
α-amylase) inhibition. So, the development of α-amylase inhibitors derived from natural food products
is an alternative way to prevent diabetes mellitus.

Objective:
In this study, organic solvent extracts of the Arachis hypogaea (Peanut) and Cinnamomum
tamala (Indian bay leaf/Tejpata) were used to investigate their potential α-amylase inhibition
and cytotoxic activities through α-amylase inhibition assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay respectively.

Methods:
The α-amylase inhibition assay was performed using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method
for different concentrations of plant extracts. The optical density (OD) of the solutions were measured
to determine the inhibition activity at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer. The cytotoxicity of
the plant extracts was measured using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay.

Results:
Among the different organic solvent extracts, peanut seed ethanol extract showed the highest
α-amylase inhibition activity (67.68±8.67%) at 1.25 μg/mL concentration with an IC50 value of
0.61 μg/mL which is very close to standard α-amylase inhibitor Acarbose (72.34±4.23%) with an
IC50 value of 0.32 μg/mL while acetone extract of Indian bay leaf exhibited the lowest inhibition
activity (47.75±1.63%) with an IC50 value of 1.42 μg/mL at the same concentration. Besides, the
maximum cytotoxic activity was found in acetone extract of peanut shell with an LC50 value of
57.87 μg/mL, whereas ethanol extract of peanut seed showed the lowest cytotoxicity with an LC50
value of 413.90 μg/mL.

Conclusion:
The result of the present work clearly indicates the potentiality of peanut seed ethanol
extract to be used in the management of hyperglycemia as it significantly inhibits α-amylase activity
while showing less cytotoxic activities.
Surface Modification of Electrospun Polyethylenimine/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanofibers Immobilized with Silver Nanoparticles for Potential Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Xiao Yunchao , Ma Hui , Fang Xu , Huang Yunpeng , Liu Pengchao , Shi Xiangyang 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
In order to investigate the potential biomedical applications of silver nanoparticle
(Ag NP)-immobilized electrospun nanofibers with different surface functionalities.

Methods:
Silver nanoparticles were immobilized within water-stable electrospun polyethylenimine
(PEI)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers by an in-situ reduction method after complexing Ag+. ions
with the free PEI amine groups. The obtained Ag NP-incorporated PEI/PVA nanofibers were then
hydroxylated, carboxylated, and acetylated to generate different surface functionalities. Different
techniques were employed to characterize the Ag NP-containing nanofibers with different surface
functionalities.>

Results:
In vitro antibacterial activity tests show that Ag NP-containing nanofibrous mats have high
antibacterial activity and are capable of inhibiting the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli bacteria.
Cell viability assay data show that the Ag NP-containing nanofibers are cytocompatible, and those
treated by hydroxylation and acetylation display better cytocompatibility than those treated by carboxylation
and the pristine non-modified fibers to promote cell adhesion and proliferation.

Conclusion:
Therefore, the hydroxylated or acetylated Ag NP-containing PEI/PVA nanofibers have
a great potential for wound dressing, biological protection and tissue engineering applications.
Characterization of GeSbSe Based Slot Optical Waveguides
Authors: Iqbal Muddassir , Ma YouQiao , Zhao Delin , Parvaei Babak 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Among various chalcogenides, GeSbSe shows a good transmittance in the
visible, NIR and, midIR spectrum from 1-20 μm and also demonstrates excellent moldability.

Objective:
In current work, we have characterized GeSbSe glass for use in sensor mechanism and for
adaptive polarization control.

Methods:
After analysing an earlier work regarding GeSbSe based Silicon on insulator optical waveguide,
we implemented GeSbSe in a low refractive index slot region of SOI slot optical waveguide.
Change in waveguide geometry can cause a shift in the dispersion profile, but a relatively distinct
pattern has been observed. T-slot waveguide structure has also been analysed, where GeSbSe has
been implemented in low refractive index slot regions with the Graphene layer beneath the horizontal
slot region for enhancement in tailoring ability of the birefringence parameters.

Results:
Literature review led to the presence of absorption resonance wavelength in SOI slot optical
waveguide with our proposed composition, which is attributed to the single average harmonic oscillator
property of the chalcogenides. In the T-slot waveguide structure, it was found that a shift in
Fermi energy and Mobility values can bring a change in birefringence, even with constant waveguide
geometry and operating wavelength.

Conclusion:
Absorption resonance wavelength in GeSbSe slot optical waveguide has been exploited
for proposing the refractive index dispersion sensor. Our design approach regarding T-slot waveguide
may lead to the provision of automated polarization management sources for the light on chip
circuits.