bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusion Complexation in Sulfobutyl Ether Beta Cyclodextrin and Dispersion in Gelucire for Sustained Release of Nifedipine Employing Almond Gum
Authors: Ramesh Kanteti Venkata , Achamma Meena , Yadav Hemant Kumar , Elmarsafawy Tamer Salama , Islam Quamrul 
Published: November 2019

In the present research investigation, the utility of employing high dissolving forms of nifedipine for sustained release from matrix tablets with almond gum as major release retardant is explored. A poorly soluble BCS class II drug nifedipine is chosen as a model drug. Efforts were made to alter the dissolution characteristics of the drug before it is entrapped in the polymer matrix of almond gum. Inclusion complexation in sulfobutyl ether beta cyclodextrin or solid dispersion in gelucire (50/13) resulted in enhanced dissolution of nifedipine. The high dissolving forms are characterized by x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and infra-red spectroscopy. The matrix tablets prepared employing the high dissolving forms exhibited satisfactory characteristics such as hardness, friability, swelling index. The drug release is found to be slow and spread over a period of 12 hours and the release could be modified with changes in nature of high dissolving form and the proportion of almond gum as the major release retardant. Employing high dissolving forms in matrix tablets of almond gum is found to be a novel approach in obtaining slow and complete release of poorly soluble drug such as nifedipine.
Keywords: sulfobutyl ether beta cyclodextrin, solid dispersion, nifedipine
Formulation and evaluation of Lornoxicam loaded Lyotropic liquid crystalline gel
Authors: Thorat Kiran R. , Laware Ravindra B. 
Published: November 2019

GIT irritation is prominent limitation with the use of Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID’s). There is rising interest in designing formulations which will deliver the drug at the site of action as topical gels, to avoid GIT irritation and other systemic side effects. Liquid Crystal phase has emerged as a novel material for the preparation of topical drug delivery system. In present study the attempt is made to prepare Lornoxicam loaded lyotropic liquid crystalline gel using glycerol monooleate. Glycerol monooleate is biocompatible, bioadhesive, penetration enhancer and sustain release agent. It also promotes ceramide extraction and enhancement of lipid fluidity in the stratum corneum region of the skin. Five formulation of lornoxicam were prepared and evaluated for parameters like drug content, viscosity, spreadability, Extrudability In-vitro drug release along with in vivo study. In-Vitro and Ex-Vivo drug release kinetics showed that there was 72.85% and 77.98% drug release within 48 hrs. Skin irritation test suggested that prepared formulation was safe for human use. In-Vivo evaluation of this formulation was done by carrageenan induced rat paw edema anti-inflammatory model.
Keywords: Lornoxicam, GMO, Lyotropic liquid crystal, Anti-Inflammatory, Topical drug delivery
Clinical Appraisal on Therapeutic Efficacy of Tankana & Sphatika Bhasma With Madhu Pratisarana In Tundikeri
Authors: Sahoo Itishree , More Sanjay S , Jadhav Vinod , Dalai Sujit , Sahoo Manoj 
Published: November 2019

The clinical study was carried out to find out the efficacy of Tankana & Sphatika bhasma with Madhu pratisarana in Tundikeri (Chronic Tonsillitis).The study was an Open Labelled Randomized Comparative study with a pre- and post-test design at the outpatient level of S.V.M. Ayurvedic Medical College & R.P.K Ayurvedic Hospital, Ilkal, Karnatak, India. In accordance to inclusion and exclusion criteria 30 patients were treated with Tankana bhasma (Purified borax powder) along with Madhu (honey) pratisarana and Sphatika bhasma (purified potash alum) along with Madhu pratisarana on alternative days for 13 days to Group A and Group B respectively. Each group comprised with 15 patients. After assessment of all data, the result conforms that both the drug Tankana bhasma with Madhu pratisarana and Sphatika bhasma with Madhu pratisarana on Tundikeri have significant result. However, in overall assessment, the efficacy of Tankana bhasma pratisarana is more significant than Sphatika bhasma pratisarana in the management of Tundikeri.
Keywords: Tundikeri, Tonsillitis, Tankana, Borax, Sphatika, Alum, Madhu, Pratisarana
Evolocumab in treatment of acute pancreatitis induced by hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: El-Reshaid Kamel , Al-Bader Shaikha , Markova Zhaneta 
Published: November 2019

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common emergency resulting from inflammation of the pancreas. The mechanism involves premature activation of enzyme precursors in the acinar cells triggering a self-digestive inflammatory cascade. Hypertriglyceridemia is the most common etiology of pancreatitis after gall stones and alcohol. It usually follows a sudden surge such as diabetic ketoacidosis on top of hereditary hyperlipidemia. In the present case report; we describe a patient with type-I diabetes mellitus who had developed recurrent attacks of hypertriglyceridemia AP (HTG-AP) despite Fenfibrate-therapy and report on our experience with Evolocumab in his treatment and prophylaxis.
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, pancreatitis, prophylaxis, treatment.
Determining Benchmarks for Cargo Throughput Performances of Privatized Seaports in Nigeria
Authors: Nwokedi Theophilus Chinonyerem , Ezembu Chukwuemeka , Addah Gbasibo Lawrence , Nwokodi Nwoloziri Chinyeaka 
Published: November 2019

There exists the challenge of seeming lack of empirically determined cargo throughput benchmark models for the privatized West African port terminals particularly in Nigeria, as target benchmarks which terminal operators and port authorities must drive towards to ensure that the current improvement in port productivity experienced in the post concession era is sustained. The study was therefore aimed at developing benchmarks for the cargo throughput performances of the privatized five Nigeria ports of Apapa (Lagos), Port-Harcourt, Onne, Warri and Calabar. Such benchmarks developed for each seaport must be higher than the pre-privatization cargo throughput performances of the seaport. This became important following the improvements observed in the cargo throughput performances of the various ports from the year 2006 after the privatization of the ports and the recent recession faced in the Country which seems to have retarded the cargo throughput performances and other measures of seaport performance in the various Nigeria ports. Using Cp1, CL1, Cw1, Co1, Cc1, to represent the base year 2006 cargo throughput performances of Port-Harcourt, Lagos, Warri, Onne and Calabar seaport respectively; and n, d, to represent the number of post privatization years covered in the study and common difference in cargo throughput performances; the study used a historical design approach in which time series data on cargo throughput performances of the ports were obtained from the Nigeria ports Authority (NPA) annual statistical reports were analyzed using the converging and diverging arithmetic series mathematical modeling tool and MATLAB software, to determine benchmark models, for ensuring that the improved cargo throughput performances of the various seaports, are sustained to remain higher that the pre-privatization cargo throughput performances. The study developed the following Cargo throughput benchmark models for each seaport as findings. Lagos port = CL1 + (n – 1)d ≥ 15223340; Onne port = Co1 + (n -1)d ≥ 15820381; Port-Harcourt port = Cp1 + ( n -1)d ≥ 28016979; Warri = Cw1 + ( n-1)d ≥4643128; Calabar = Cc1 + (n-1)d ≥ 7963434. It was recommended that to improve port revenue which is a dependent factor on cargo throughput and vessel call rate, cargo throughput benchmarks model developed for the individual seaports should be used to empirically model quantum s of cargo throughput needed to economically sustain and improve the level of port operations. It should equally influence port marketing drives. This will ensure that the performance of the ports does not recede into the poor performance indices experienced in the pre-privatization era.
HUBUNGAN FREKUENSI MENGURAS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR PADA AIR BAK TOILET TEMPAT WISATA DI WILAYAH KOTA KEDIRI
Authors: Humairoh Durroh , Asmarani Endrik 
Published: November 2019

Tempat wisata merupakan suatu tempat menarik yang dituju bersama rekan, teman, ataupun keluarga untuk berlibur. Setiap tempat wisata selalu dilengkapi toilet yang bersih demi kenyamanan pengunjung. Pada tempat wisata yang menyediakan toilet umum harus selalu dibersihkan dengan teratur supaya tidak terinfeksi oleh mikroorganisme yang dapat membahayakan kesehatan. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan penelitian pada beberapa toilet tempat wisata di wilayah kota Kediri. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini dengan centrifugasi sebanyak 15 tempat wisata di kota Kediri. Hasil penelitian dengan uji korelasi spearman’s rho menunjukkan terdapat hubungan frekuensi menguras dengan jumlah jamur yang tumbuh pada air bak toilet dan hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama masa frekuensi menguras bak toilet, maka semakin tinggi pertumbuhan jamur yang muncul di air bak toilet tersebut. Kata kunci: frekuensi menguras, pertumbuhan kapang, tempat wisata
Uji Toksisitas Akut Kulit Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Terhadap Larva Artemia salina Leach Dengan Metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)
Authors: Kunsah Baterun 
Published: November 2019

Tanggal Submit:28 Januari 2019 Tanggal Review:30 April 2019 Tanggal Publish Online:17 Mei 2019 Potatoes are one of the vegetables that contain substances that are important for the formation of body tissues, such as protein and fat. Potatoes also form red blood cells or hemoglobin (Ca, P and Fe). In Indonesia tend to process potatoes using only meat. The skin is removed, even though the nutritional content of the skin is five times greater than the meat. Potato peels that supply querestin, antioxidants and flavonoids that act as free radical acceptors. (Free radicals are reactive molecules that cause damage to the body that can lead to diseases such as heart disease and cancer) in the skin of potatoes found also effective antioxidants, chlorogenic acid. Potato skin is also proven to increase hemoglobin levels (Khomsan, A, 2009). However, that does not mean potato skin does not have adverse side effects, if the use is not appropriate. In order to use it optimally, you need to know enough information about the advantages and disadvantages and the possibility of abuse. However, the level of toxicity from potato skin is still unknown. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) is one of the oxicity test methods that is widely used in tracing bioactive compounds that are toxic from natural materials. This research is an experimental research with post test-only control group design approach. Treatment with giving potato skin juice to Artemia salina Leach larvae with the aim to determine the potential of plant biological activity based on the toxicity of secondary metabolites contained in it, and at the same time as the initial screening test of anticancer activity of chemical compounds in potato skin juice. The results showed the LC50 value was at a concentration of 0.5% to 1% and based on the results of SPSS 21 analysis with probit analysis obtained LC50 price data of 0.746 gr / ml (7460 μgr / ml), based on the results of research and data analysis it can be concluded that potato skin has an LC50 value at a concentration of 0.746 gr / ml (7460 µgr / ml). With an LC50 price of more than 1000 µg / ml according to the BST method the potato skin does not have the potential for toxicity so the skin of the potato has the potential as an alternative to increasing hemoglobin levels.Keywords: potato skin, toxicity, BSlT
Uji Daya Serap Diapers Anti Ruam (Diapers Rash) Modifikasi Sabut Kelapa (Cocosnucifera)
Authors: Mardiyah Siti 
Published: November 2019

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in 2012 that the prevalence of skin irritation (diaper rash) in infants was quite high at 25% due to the use of diapers. One of the causes of diaper rash is caused by low diaper absorption. Increased absorption of diaper can be done by increasing the absorbent ability of diapers to absorb baby urine. The natural absorbent that can be modified in baby diapers is coconut fiber. Cellulose content in coconut fiber has the ability to absorb liquid high enough. This potential can be applied to absorb urine and sweat so that it can reduce moisture in baby diapers. Diapers that have high absorption can prevent the occurrence of rashes in infants. This study aims to examine differences in absorbency of diapers. Without coconut fiber and coconut husk modification diapers. This type of research is experimental. The population and sample of the study were baby diapers with a total sample of 32 which were divided into 2 groups namely baby diapers without coconut fiber and with modification of coconut fiber. Testing for diaper absorption is carried out in a laboratory manner by measuring the volume and time of absorption of fluids given to diapers to the saturation limit (leak). The data analysis technique uses the independent t-test. Based on the results of the independent t-test showed that there were significant differences in the amount of volume and time of absorption of fluids given to bunch diapers and with coconut fiber. Thus it can be concluded that there is a significant influence on the addition of coconut fiber to the absorption of fluid in baby diapers. Keywords: Diapers, Rash, Coconut Fiber.
Intentional Self-Harm and Personality Traits using Big Five Factor Model in Patients Presenting to a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Paudyal S , Ojha SP , Tulachan P , Dhungana S , Kafle R 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Suicide is an important, largely preventable public health problem. The occurrence of suicide and suicidal behavior has been increasing dramatically. There is a growing recognition that the personality traits is important risk factor for intentional self-harm (suicide/ purposely self-inflicted poisoning or injury). This study was done to assess the personality traits in patients presenting with intentional self-harm and relationship of intent of the self-harm with personality traits.
Material And Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in patients presenting with Intentional self-harm to tertiary hospital emergency department. Patients who met inclusion criteria and gave consent during six months period were included, Socio demographic information and detailed history was taken. The suicide intent scale and five factor model rating form were administered to the patients.
Results: Most patients who presented with intentional self –harm scored median score of 4 (high) in anger hostility, self-consciousness, impulsivity and altruism traits while in other traits they scored neutral score, which concluded that patients who presented with intentional self–harm were more bitter, short-tempered, timid, impulsive and sacrificial. The study showed that the relation of certain traits as anxiousness, impulsivity, vulnerability, gregariousness, ideas, trust, straightforwardness, altruism, competence, order and SIS grading was statistically significant (p=<0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that patients who presented with intentional self–harm were more bitter, short–tempered, timid, impulsive and sacrificial. Further patients who committed intentional self harm with low intent were more impulsive, vulnerable, outgoing, haphazard and sloppy as compared to those who committed with high intent who were rather more anxious and sacrificial.
Common Mental Disorders and Substance Use in School Children of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Sharma P , Sharma P , Thakur N , Sharma S , Pokharel M 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: School mental health is one of the important areas where early detection can lead to appropriate early intervention and burden of disease can be minimized. There is dearth of prevalence studies of common mental disorders on school going adolescents in Nepal. Considering this we aimed to study the prevalence of common mental health problems and substance use in school going adolescents.
Material And Method: We evaluated 240 students for common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) using translated version of PHQ-4 and substance use single validated question after taking consent from school authorities and assent from students.
Results: It was seen that 68.8 % students had psychological distress. 22.9 % and 27.5% of students had anxiety and depression respectively on screener and 23.3% students had use of substance at least once within a year. When compared male had significantly higher number of substance use as compared to female but no difference in PHQ-4 scores were seen when compared between gender and history of substance use.
Conclusion: The study shows the current scenario of school going adolescents in Nepal and highlights the need of prevalence data on more generalizable setting.
Assessment of Pre-Operative Anxiety among Patients in Selected Hospitals of Rupandehi, Nepal
Authors: Dhungana M , Limbu R , Shrestha M 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The prevalence of pre-operative anxiety among patients undergoing various surgeries is as high as 60% to 90%. The pre-operative anxiety have serious outcomes and can increase the risk of post-operative complications like pain, prolonged recovery, and longer hospitalization. Pre-operative anxiety may be transient or chronic and can lead to aggressive reactions and undue stress as well.
Material And Method: A descriptive study was designed to assess the level and contributing factors to anxiety among preoperative patients. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the patients from Devdaha Medical College and Research Institute, Bhaluhi and Mercy City Hospital, Butwal, Rupendehi district. Semi-structured interview schedule and Beck Anxiety Inventory Scale (BAI) were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.
Results: Among 150 respondents 57.3%, 26.6%, and 16% respondents had severe, moderate and low anxiety levels respectively. The contributing factors for pre-operative anxiety were respondents having no history of previous surgery (20.7%), less number of days of hospital admission (44% and 44%), had major surgery(48.7%). Respondents felt fear about the pain due to surgery in 91.3% cases, death in 36% and blood transfusion in 13.3% cases. 62.7% respondents had no any doubt regarding competency of health personnel.
Conclusion: Based on the study findings, there are varying levels of anxieties among preoperative patients. It is recommended to surgeon and other health personnel that information needs to be provided related to surgery before surgery to reduce pre-operative anxiety.
Problematic Alcohol Use in Pokhara, Nepal as Assessed by CAGE Questionnaire
Authors: Lamichhane N , Thapa DK , Timsina RR , Shrestha LV , Sharma R , Subedi A. 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Nepal is known to be a hub for alcohol lovers. There is no restriction in sales despite efforts by the government of Nepal. Homemade alcohol is another major problem in the country. Although production and sale has legal policy it is far from being regulated. There has been no survey to assess the extent of problematic alcohol use in the Pokhara Municipality. This was conducted with the Objectives of i) assessing prevalence of problematic alcohol use in the community of a different Wards in Pokhara Metropolitan city and ii) To correlate this with various socio-demographic characteristics.
Material And Method: The CAGE questionnaire was administered to all adult individuals above 20 years of age, in houses selected as convenience sampling in different wards of Pokhara Metropolitan city from Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. Nursing students in the community visit were trained and instructed to fill the preformed questionnaire as per the inclusion criteria after taking the consent. Individuals who were not currently undergoing treatment for alcohol use disorders were only included.
Results: Among 136 adults who were included in this study, the prevalence of problematic alcohol use was found to be 64.7% (CAGE ≥2). The extent of current alcohol use (n. 124, 91.2 %,) and problematic alcohol use (n. 82, 66.12%) were significantly high (P-value: 0.0001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of problematic alcohol use is too high in Pokhara, a tourist destination in Western Nepal. There is an urgent need to formulate a policy for alcohol use in the community taking into account the findings of this study. The distinction of traditional sanction of alcohol users and non users did not apply to this study. Problematic alcohol use was significantly high with no treatment initiate.
Diminishable parameterized problems and strict polynomial kernelization
Authors: Fernau Henning , Fluschnik Till , Hermelin Danny , Krebs Andreas , Molter Hendrik , Niedermeier Rolf 
Published: November 2019

Kernelization – a mathematical key concept for provably effective polynomial-time preprocessing of NP-hard problems – plays a central role in parameterized complexity and has triggered an extensive line of research. This is in part due to a lower bounds framework that allows to exclude polynomial-size kernels under the assumption of [Formula: see text]. In this paper we consider a restricted yet natural variant of kernelization, namely strict kernelization, where one is not allowed to increase the parameter of the reduced instance (the kernel) by more than an additive constant. Building on earlier work of Chen, Flum, and Müller [CiE 2009, Theory Comput. Syst. 2011], we underline the applicability of their framework by showing that a variety of fixed-parameter tractable problems, including graph problems and Turing machine computation problems, does not admit strict polynomial kernels under the assumption of [Formula: see text], an assumption being weaker than the assumption of [Formula: see text]. Finally, we study an adaption of the framework to a relaxation of the notion of strict kernels, where in the latter one is not allowed to increase the parameter of the reduced instance by more than a constant times the input parameter.