bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routine Preoperative Group Crossmatching and Postoperative Check Hemoglobin Is not Necessary in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Tay Adriel You Wei , Thever Yogen , Bin Abd Razak Hamid Rahmatullah , Hao Ying , Tan Andrew Hwee Chye 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aims to find out if routine preoperative group crossmatch and postoperative check hemoglobin for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients is necessary. A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent unilateral TKAs for osteoarthritis from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2014. The main outcome measures were postoperative hemoglobin levels and transfusion requirements. Patients' demographics, comorbidities, laboratory results, and surgical details were analyzed. A total of 955 TKAs were included in this study (males = 207, females = 748; mean age = 66.1 years, standard deviation [SD] = 7.7). A total of 79 (8.27%) cases required postoperative blood transfusion, and the crossmatch-transfusion ratio was 17.5. Significant predictors for postoperative transfusion included lower preoperative hemoglobin levels (p < 0.001) and advanced age (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Youden's Index analyses identified the preoperative hemoglobin cut-off value for females to be 12.1 g/dL (relative risk (RR): 5.65, p < 0.001) in predicting postoperative blood transfusion requirement, and 12.4 g/dL (RR: 11.71, p < 0.001) for males. For age, the identified cut-off value was 68 years (RR: 3.18, p < 0.001). The largest decline in hemoglobin levels was noted on postoperative day (POD) 3 (31.8%), and smallest on POD 1 (18.8%). The postoperative transfusion requirements in TKA are low and do not justify routine perioperative blood investigations. However, these investigations should be reserved for patients with the identified risk factors, in particular advancing age (68 years and above) and lower preoperative hemoglobin (below or equal to 12.1 and 12.4 g/dL for females and males, respectively). In the event that postoperative hemoglobin level needs to be checked, it should be performed beyond the first POD.
The Relationships between the Rotational Axes of the Distal Femur in the Arthritic Caucasian Knee: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis
Authors: Halai Mansur , Kooner Sahil , Jamal Bilal , McMillan Jacquelyn , Syme Brian , Holt Graeme 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFour distal femoral axes have been described to aid in the accuracy of transverse plane component alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). These include the surgical epicondylar axis (SEA), the posterior condylar axis (PCA), and the anteroposterior (AP) axis. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study is to identify the axial femoral relationship with the least variation in a Caucasian population awaiting TKA for osteoarthritis. Secondarily, we further plan to determine if these femoral axis relationships differ with respect to sex or preoperative coronal alignment. These anatomic relationships were measured using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, which was performed within 2 months of the planned operation date for patient specific instrumentation templating. In terms of our primary outcome, the mean SEA/AP angle was 92.8 degrees (standard deviation [SD]: 2.5 degrees), the mean PCA/AP angle was 95.7 degrees (SD: 2.8 degrees), and the mean PCA/SEA angle was 3.4 degrees (SD: 1.8 degrees). Overall, the PCA/SEA relationship had the smallest variance, while the PCA/AP had the most variance for all comparisons. In terms of our secondary outcome, there was no statistical difference between femoral axis relationships based on preoperative coronal plane alignment. In terms of sex differences, the PCA/SEA was significantly higher in female knees compared with males. Females had a PCA/SEA relationship of 4.7 degrees (SD: 1.3 degrees) compared with 2.6 degrees (SD: 1.2 degrees) for males (p < 0.05). By using the PCA/AP axes, the AP axis was externally rotated by 96.7 degrees (SD: 2.3 degrees) in females, compared with 93.2 degrees (SD: 2.1 degrees) in males, from the PCA. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the PCA/SEA relationship should be used to determine axial rotation in TKA as it shows the least variation. When using the PCA, approximately 5 degrees of external rotation for Caucasian women and 3 degrees of external rotation for the Caucasian men should be dialed into the femoral cutting block to restore anatomic axial rotation. Further evaluation is needed to determine to role of preoperative coronal alignment on distal femoral axial alignment.
Three-Dimensional-Printed Patient-Specific Osteotomy Guides, Repositioning Guides and Titanium Plates for Acute Correction of Antebrachial Limb Deformities in Dogs
Authors: Carwardine Darren R. , Gosling Mark J. , Burton Neil J. , O'Malley Ffion L. , Parsons Kevin J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to describe the use of patient-specific three-dimensional (3D)-printed osteotomy guides, repositioning guides and custom-printed titanium plates for acute correction of antebrachial limb deformities in four dogs.
Methods Retrospective review of antebrachial limb deformities in small breed chondrodystrophic dogs that were surgically corrected using a closing wedge ostectomy of the radius at a predetermined site using patient-specific osteotomy guides. Reduction was achieved without the need for intraoperative measurements using patient-specific 3D-printed repositioning guides secured and manipulated using temporary Kirschner wire fixation. The ostectomy of the radius was stabilized with a patient-specific 3D-printed titanium plate.
Results All limbs were corrected to within 3.5 degrees (standard deviation [SD]: 1 degree) and 7.5 degrees (SD: 3 degrees) of the pre-planned deformity correction in the frontal and sagittal planes, respectively. No complications were encountered. Owners completed a canine orthopaedic index survey at a median postoperative follow-up time of 19 months. Surgery eliminated the main presenting complaint of buckling over of the manus in all cases.
Clinical Significance The 3D-printed osteotomy repositioning guides and titanium plates facilitated accurate acute correction of antebrachial deformities in this case series. The methodology described simplifies intraoperative surgical decision-making on limb position with good clinical outcomes seen in a small number of clinical cases.
Gynecologic Oncology in the Department of Defense
Authors: Hamilton Chad A. , Maxwell George L. , Casablanca Yovanni 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGynecologic oncology existed within the Department of Defense (DOD) prior to its recognition as a separate subspecialty of obstetrics and gynecology. Military gynecologic oncologists were among the founders of the specialty and continue a tradition of leadership and engagement within the field at the national and international level. The full range of gynecologic oncology services is located at the military's largest medical centers, acknowledging the team approach with multiple subspecialties necessary to provide the highest standard of modern gynecologic cancer care. Gynecologic oncologists within the military receive training on par or exceeding that of their civilian counterparts, and their education extends beyond traditional training to prepare them for the unique challenges within military medicine as well. The clinical offerings from these practitioners and their facilities are state of the art, and each offers the full spectrum of care inclusive of surgery and chemotherapy. Closely coupled with expert clinical care is medical education and comprehensive cancer research. The gynecologic oncology research conducted by the DOD spans the scientific spectrum from basic laboratory investigations, to translational and molecular analyses, to all phases of clinical trials. This discussion will examine gynecologic oncology services in the DOD inclusive of infrastructure, personnel and training, clinical care and outcomes, as well as research contributions.
Mutation of a PER2 phosphodegron perturbs the circadian phosphoswitch
Authors: Masuda Shusaku , Narasimamurthy Rajesh , Yoshitane Hikari , Kim Jae Kyoung , Fukada Yoshitaka , Virshup David M. 
Published: May 2020

Significance
The speed of the circadian clock is regulated by phosphorylation-regulated degradation of the PER protein. However, this model has recently been challenged by genetic studies in mice and fungi. Here, we provide definitive genetic and biochemical evidence that strongly supports the importance of the phosphoswitch-regulated proteolysis of PER2 in regulating the clock. We generated two independent mouse lines with a point mutation in a casein kinase 1-dependent phosphodegron in PER2. These mice have longer circadian rhythms, increased accumulation of circadian proteins, and perturbed temperature compensation. The findings strongly support the phosphoswitch model of regulated PER2 degradation as a central mechanism controlling the speed of the circadian clock.
Addendum: Mapping electron dynamics in highly transient EUV photon-induced plasmas: a novel diagnostic approach using multi-mode microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy (2018 J. Phys: D. Appl. Phys. 52 034004)
Authors: Platier B , van de Wetering F M J H , van Ninhuijs M A W , Brussaard G J H , Banine V Y , Luiten O J , Beckers J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A new approach for an in-line beam monitor for ionizing radiation was introduced in a recent publication (Beckers J et al 2018 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
52 034004). Due to the recent detection and investigation of an additional third decay regime of the afterglow of an extreme ultraviolet photon-induced plasma described in a later article (Platier B et al 2020 Appl. Phys. Lett.
116 103703) there is an additional reason for a minimum number of photons for this approach to work. Near or below this threshold, we explain that the response time of the diagnostic method is a limiting factor. Further, a second limit for the number of photons within a pulse is formalized related to the trapping of highly energetic free electrons.
Enhancement of the lean stability and blow-off limits of methane-air swirl flames at elevated pressures by nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges
Authors: Di Sabatino Francesco , Lacoste Deanna A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper examines the ability of nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) plasma discharges to improve stabilization and extend the blow-off limit of lean premixed methane-air swirl flames at pressures up to 5 bar. The effect of two discharge regimes, NRP glows and NRP sparks, was investigated. The electrical characterization of the discharges was performed and direct images at 60 Hz of the flames, with and without NRP discharges, were collected to assess the effect of the discharges on flame stabilization. Results showed that NRP discharges efficiently extended the lean blow-off and stability limits of premixed methane-air swirl flames, at pressures up to 5 bar. These results were obtained for a ratio of NRP discharge power to flame thermal power of 0.7% or less. Moreover, the peak voltage necessary to maintain constant this power ratio did not increase linearly with increased pressure, even though the reduced electric field should linearly decrease with the pressure. It was also observed that the relative effectiveness of the NRP glows and NRP sparks changed by increasing the pressure. Based on discharge physics and current knowledge of the effect of pressure on the electrical properties of flames, explanations for these results are proposed.
Small animal PET: a review of what we have done and where we are going
Authors: Miyaoka Robert S , Lehnert Adrienne L 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Small animal research is an essential tool in studying both pharmaceutical biodistribution and disease progression over time. Furthermore, through the rapid development of in vivo imaging technology over the last few decades, small animal imaging (also referred to as preclinical imaging) has become a mainstay for all fields of biologic research and a center point for most preclinical cancer research. Preclinical imaging modalities include optical, MRI and MRS, microCT, small animal PET, ultrasound, and photoacoustic, each with their individual strengths. The strong points of small animal PET are its translatability to the clinic; its quantitative imaging capabilities; its whole-body imaging ability to dynamically trace functional/biochemical processes; its ability to provide useful images with only nano- to pico- molar concentrations of administered compounds; and its ability to study animals serially over time. This review paper gives an overview of the development and evolution of small animal PET imaging. It provides an overview of detector designs; system configurations; multimodality PET imaging systems; image reconstruction and analysis tools; and an overview of research and commercially available small animal PET systems. It concludes with a look toward developing technologies/methodologies that will further enhance the impact of small animal PET imaging on medical research in the future.
Modeling of streamer-to-spark transitions in the first pulse and the post discharge stage
Authors: Chen Xiancong , Zhu Yifei , Wu Yun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The streamer-to-spark transition in a point-to-plane configuration in atmospheric pressure air is studied using a 2D–0D combined approach. A validated fluid code is used and improved to model the spark stage. 2D modeling of discharges at three different temperatures, 300, 600 and 800 K, are conducted; the spark transition occurs when the temperature reaches 800 K in the first pulse. A conservative criteria of spark transition temperature is proposed based on analytical solution and compared with experiments. Kinetics modeling of the post discharge stage is conducted with consistent input values extracted from the 2D model. Results show that the streamer-to-spark transition can be initiated at a lower temperature (600 K) and lower field (50–75 Td), and the long-lifetime O-atoms formed in previous pulses play an important role in ‘knocking off’ the electrons from negative charged species and maintaining the electron density in the post discharge stage. The dominating processes for electron production are electron detachment reactions from

O

3

−

,

O

2

−

and O−. The ionizations from excited species only accelerate the production of electrons when the plasma is already dense.
Complying with conservation compliance? An assessment of recent evidence in the US Corn Belt
Authors: Holland Austin , Bennett David , Secchi Silvia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Conservation provisions of US farm bills since 1985 have been aimed at mitigating negative environmental impacts of US agriculture. One of the long term goals has been to protect against soil erosion, with a focus specifically on highly erodible land (HEL). Conservation Compliance (CC) mandates that, in order to receive federal subsidies, farmers who plant annual crops on HEL must implement a conservation plan, with practices such as rotating crops and no-till farming. When crop prices increase, however, the incentives not to follow the plan increase, as conservation activities can reduce farmers’ profits. This study is the first to assess the performance of conservation compliance between 2007 and 2019, a period of historically high and variable crop prices, using geographical information system tools and crop data in a critical agricultural production region, the US Corn Belt. Our results indicate there was a substantial increase in continuous corn on HEL, a proxy measure for non-compliance, in several portions of the study area in correspondence with higher crop prices following the 2007 Energy Bill. This mirrored the change in crop rotations on all cropland. The increase was positively correlated with both absolute and relative corn prices. While at the height of absolute and relative corn prices there were increases in continuous corn on HEL everywhere across the study region except parts of Missouri, some of the largest changes occurred in environmentally sensitive regions and areas which use irrigation, thereby potentially creating disproportionate environmental impacts. Similar changes in continuous corn also occurred in all cropland in the region, indicating that mandatory conservation programs are as vulnerable to periods of high crop prices as voluntary programs. Better monitoring for both CC and other conservation programs is critical to ensure the policies work as intended.
Generalized XOR non-locality games with graph description on a square lattice
Authors: Rosicka Monika , Mazurek Paweł , Grudka Andrzej , Horodecki Michał 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We propose a family of non-locality unique games for two parties based on a square lattice on an arbitrary surface. We show that, due to structural similarities with error correction codes of Kitaev for fault tolerant quantum computation, the games have classical values computable in polynomial time for d = 2 measurement outcomes. By representing games in their graph form, for arbitrary d and underlying surface we provide their classification into equivalence classes with respect to relabeling of measurement outcomes, for a selected set of permutations which define the winning conditions. A case study of games with periodic boundary conditions is presented in order to verify their impact on classical and quantum values of the family of games. It suggests that quantum values suffer independently from presence of different winning conditions that can be imposed due to periodicity, as long as no local restrictions are in place.
Sol-gel based coatings for the protection of cultural heritage textiles
Authors: Trovato V , Rosace G , Colleoni C , Sfameni S , Migani V , Plutino M R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the procedure for the development of sol-gel silica coatings for the protection of cultural heritage textiles, using a multistep approach, is described. With this aim, Tetraethoxysilane precursor was used at two different concentrations to realize coatings onto textile samples, using Dibutyltindiacetate as polycondensation catalyst for sol-gel reactions. The relationship between the presence of the catalyst, the number of coating layers deposited on cotton fabrics, and the influence of such architecture on several properties of treated textiles, were investigated. In particular, the chemical structure of thin films and their morphology were studied by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The thermo-oxidative properties and the abrasion resistance of sol-gel treated cotton fabrics were studied, as well as the durability of the coatings after different washing cycles. Both silica coatings provided high adhesion onto cotton textiles, while the higher silica concentration resulted in higher thermal stability and washing fastness of treated fabrics. An enhancement in the washing fastness and abrasion resistance for the two different concentrations of precursor in the presence of the catalyst was also observed. All experimental findings demonstrated the efficiency of sol-gel based materials specifically tailored to the protection and preservation of cultural heritage textiles.
Production of Tannin-based Natural Dye from Mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) Tree Bark Waste from Wood Chips Industry : A Feasibility Study
Authors: Mindaryani Aswati , Rahayuningsih E , Adriyanti D T , Parthasiwi L D , Widhiasih M S , Larasati F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The potential effect of synthetic textile dyes towards human health and environment is much severe. Currently available dye in national and global market is dominated by synthetic commercial dye from various producers. Meanwhile, Indonesia demand for textile dye is increasing, but is not followed by production rate of textile dye. Producing environmentally friendly natural dye, which can compete in the global market, may solve those problems. A potential natural dye may be produced from tannin which is extracted from Mangrove bark. It has high yield with purity of 95% tannin (w/w) with solvent extraction method under moderate temperature condition. Mangrove tree bark is obtained from the side product of wood chips production. There are four species of Mangrove available for wood logging and chips producing activities namely Rhizophora Apiculata, Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza, B., Bruguiera Parviflora, and Ceriops Tagal. Mangrove can spread out the seed through the sea water naturally, making this wood reproduces widely and quickly. With proper treatment and logging management, considering the growth rate of mangrove, the sustainability of raw material is assured. The production of tannin will take place nearby the wood chips production. From 540 tonnes/month of mangrove bark as raw material, a 67 tonnes/month product could be extracted. The process will be carried out in small scale plant on empty land with area of 3.6 Ha. This plant has three units: raw material preparation, synthesis, and product purification. The product has desired purity and specification, and can be sold commercially. It also has the expected cash flow, and the profitability analysis result is also stunning. With Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) of Rp 141,896,000,000.- and operational Expenditure (OPEX) of Rp 28,842,000,000.-, the plant has Return on Investment of 27%. It has pay out time of 2.77 year, 19.08% DCFRR, Break Even Point at 40.85%, Shutdown Point at 10.25 %, IRR of 9.90%, and Net Present Value at Rp7,601,000,000.-. This investment also proves that at 5% change of raw material and products cost, the plant still overcomes the change and defend its profit state, making this investment feasible.
Leaching of REY from Non-magnetic Coal Fly Ash with Acetic Acid
Authors: Manurung H , Rosita W , Anggara F , Petrus H B T M , Bendiyasa I M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The escalating demand of REY in various industrial applications becomes an important issue nowadays. REY has prominent evidence to improve material properties such as high electropositive and good conductivity. In addition REY can be classified as one of renewable and clean energy resources. Due to the increasing demand of REY, exploration of alternative sources such as red mud, spent catalyst, and coal fly ash has been conducted. Coal fly ash is one of the promising alternative sources of REY in regarding to the low radioactive material concentration. The conventional method to recover REY from coal fly ash using inorganic acids produces harmful by-product to the environment. In this research, two steps experimental methods were conducted. The first step was silicate digestion which was performed using sodium hydroxide 8 M in which REY is concentrated, with solid to liquid ratio of 1:4 and temperature of 90°C for 120 minutes. The second step was leaching the REY using citric acid. The variables studied were pH, temperature and solid to liquid ratio. The optimum condition was at the temperature of 90°C, pH 1.7 and solid to liquid ratio (15%) for each element. The maximum recovery for each elements are 77.33% Lanthanum (La), 83.47 % Cerium (Ce), 88.78% Dysprosium (Dy) and 55% Neodymium(Nd). In addition, temperature does not have any significant efect at pH 3.8.