bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between risk stratification for pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities
Authors: Wang Xiao‐Hui , Cui Long‐Biao , Liu Yuliang , Han Xiaoli , Chi Jing , Yang Bijun , Chen Hong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe association of clinical risk factors, in particular deep vein thrombosis (DVT), with risk stratification for pulmonary embolism (PE) remains to be identified. We therefore aimed to establish the relationship between risk stratification of PE patients and DVT of lower extremities.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 93 out of 485 PE patients with uncompleted clinical data were excluded, resulting in 392 patients included for analysis. Based on the ESC criteria, 24, 171, and 197 patients were categorized into high (6.1%), intermediate (43.6%), and low risk (50.3%) subgroups, respectively.ResultsDVT was detected in 304 patients (77.6%). The incidence of DVT in patients with high and intermediate risk PE was much lower than in those patients with low risk PE (67.2% vs 87.8%, P < .0001). Further analyses of the 304 patients with DVT showed higher incidence of high and intermediate risk PE in patients with isolated distal DVT than proximal DVT (59.0% vs 39.1%, P = .005), with asymptomatic DVT than symptomatic DVT (63.0% vs 36.8%, P < .0001), and with bilateral DVT than unilateral DVT (54.5% vs 39.9%, P = .03). Stepwise logistic regression showed that symptomatic or asymptomatic DVT was an independent risk factor for risk stratification of PE patients with DVT (0.320, 95% confidence interval, 0.186‐0.550).ConclusionsPatients with high and intermediate risk PE presented lower incidence of DVT compared with patients with low risk PE. In PE patients with comorbid DVT, asymptomatic DVT is an independent risk factor for high and intermediate risk of PE.
A standard set of person‐centred outcomes for diabetes mellitus: results of an international and unified approach
Authors: Nano J. , Carinci F. , Okunade O. , Whittaker S. , Walbaum M. , Barnard‐Kelly K. , Barthelmes D. , Benson T. , Calderon‐Margalit R. , Dennaoui J. , Fraser S. , Haig R. , Hernández‐Jimenéz S. , Levitt N. , Mbanya J. C. , Naqvi S. , Peters A. L. , Peyrot M. , Prabhaharan M. , Pumerantz A. , Raposo J. , Santana M. , Schmitt A. , Skovlund S. E. , Garcia‐Ulloa A. C. , Wee H.‐L. , Zaletel J. , Massi‐Benedetti M. ,   the Diabetes Working Group of the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM)
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsTo select a core list of standard outcomes for diabetes to be routinely applied internationally, including patient‐reported outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a structured systematic review of outcome measures, focusing on adults with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. This process was followed by a consensus‐driven modified Delphi panel, including a multidisciplinary group of academics, health professionals and people with diabetes. External feedback to validate the set of outcome measures was sought from people with diabetes and health professionals.ResultsThe panel identified an essential set of clinical outcomes related to diabetes control, acute events, chronic complications, health service utilisation, and survival that can be measured using routine administrative data and/or clinical records. Three instruments were recommended for annual measurement of patient‐reported outcome measures: the WHO Well‐Being Index for psychological well‐being; the depression module of the Patient Health Questionnaire for depression; and the Problem Areas in Diabetes scale for diabetes distress. A range of factors related to demographic, diagnostic profile, lifestyle, social support and treatment of diabetes were also identified for case‐mix adjustment.ConclusionsWe recommend the standard set identified in this study for use in routine practice to monitor, benchmark and improve diabetes care. The inclusion of patient‐reported outcomes enables people living with diabetes to report directly on their condition in a structured way.
Incretin‐based drugs and risk of lung cancer among individuals with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rouette J. , Yin H. , Yu O. H. Y. , Bouganim N. , Platt R. W. , Azoulay L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTo assess whether dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists are associated with an increased lung cancer risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We identified 130 340 individuals newly treated with antidiabetes drugs between January 2007 and March 2017, with follow‐up until March 2018. We used a time‐varying approach to model use of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists compared with use of other second‐ or third‐line antidiabetes drugs. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the adjusted hazard ratios, with 95% CIs, of incident lung cancer associated with use of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists, separately, by cumulative duration of use, and by time since initiation.ResultsA total of 790 individuals were newly diagnosed with lung cancer (median follow‐up 4.6 years, incidence rate 1.5/1000 person‐years, 95% CI 1.4–1.6). Compared with use of second‐/third‐line drugs, use of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists was not associated with an increased lung cancer risk (hazard ratio 1.07, 95% CI 0.87–1.32, and hazard ratio 1.02, 95% CI 0.68–1.54, respectively). There was no evidence of duration–response relationships.ConclusionsIn individuals with type 2 diabetes, use of incretin‐based drugs was not associated with increased lung cancer risk.
Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and Guillain‐Barré Syndrome: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Dardiotis Efthimios , Sokratous Maria , Tsouris Zisis , Siokas Vasileios , Mentis Alexios‐Fotios A. , Aloizou Athina‐Maria , Michalopoulou Amalia , Bogdanos Dimitrios P. , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Deretzi Georgia , Kountouras Jannis , Hadjigeorgiou Georgios M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H pylori) is a Gram‐negative bacterium, considered to trigger autoimmune gastrointestinal disorders. This pathogen has also been linked to the autoimmune sequelae in extra‐gastrointestinal diseases and peripheral neuropathies. Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) is a serious autoimmune demyelinating disorder of peripheral nerves, usually with a post‐infectious onset. About 30% of cases of GBS attributed to by Campylobacter jejuni, so, H pylori, could be also involved. Growing evidence suggests the likely involvement of H pylori infection in the development of GBS. The aim of the current study was to therefore estimate the prevalence of H pylori antibodies in GBS.MethodsA search of the literature was performed, using the PUBMED database, until December 2018. Data were extracted from six case‐control studies, and a stratification analysis was conducted according to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum detection material.ResultsAmong 29 records found, 6 studies met in the inclusion criteria for the meta‐analysis. In the CSF subgroup, 105 participants were involved (40 GBS patients and 65 controls), while the serum subgroup included 325 participants (152 GBS and 173 controls). Data were combined using a fixed‐effects model. Anti‐H pylori IgG were significantly more prevalent in GBS patients compared to controls, in both CSF (95% CI: 9.66‐186.56, OR: 42.45, Pz < .00001) and serum (95% CI: 1.30‐4.11, OR: 2.31, Pz: .004) subgroups.ConclusionThe present meta‐analysis showed a strong association between GBS and the presence of H pylori antibodies, especially in CSF, thereby suggesting a role of H pylori infection in the pathophysiology of GBS.
Genetic analysis redraws the management boundaries for the European sprat
Authors: Quintela María , Kvamme Cecilie , Bekkevold Dorte , Nash Richard D. M. , Jansson Eeva , Sørvik Anne Grete , Taggart John B. , Skaala Øystein , Dahle Geir , Glover Kevin A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSustainable fisheries management requires detailed knowledge of population genetic structure. The European sprat is an important commercial fish distributed from Morocco to the Arctic circle, Baltic, Mediterranean, and Black seas. Prior to 2018, annual catch advice on sprat from the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) was based on five putative stocks: (a) North Sea, (b) Kattegat–Skagerrak and Norwegian fjords, (c) Baltic Sea, (d) West of Scotland—southern Celtic Seas, and (e) English Channel. However, there were concerns that the sprat advice on stock size estimates management plan inadequately reflected the underlying biological units. Here, we used ddRAD sequencing to develop 91 SNPs that were thereafter used to genotype approximately 2,500 fish from 40 locations. Three highly distinct and relatively homogenous genetic groups were identified: (a) Norwegian fjords; (b) Northeast Atlantic including the North Sea, Kattegat–Skagerrak, Celtic Sea, and Bay of Biscay; and (c) Baltic Sea. Evidence of genetic admixture and possibly physical mixing was detected in samples collected from the transition zone between the North and Baltic seas, but not between any of the other groups. These results have already been implemented by ICES with the decision to merge the North Sea and the Kattegat–Skagerrak sprat to be assessed as a single unit, thus demonstrating that genetic data can be rapidly absorbed to align harvest regimes and biological units.
Agent‐based modelling reveals strategies to reduce the fitness and metastatic potential of circulating tumour cell clusters
Authors: Campenni Marco , May Alexander N. , Boddy Amy , Harris Valerie , Nedelcu Aurora M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetastasis—the ability of cancer cells to disperse throughout the body and establish new tumours at distant locations—is responsible for most cancer‐related deaths. Although both single and clusters of circulating tumour cells (CTCs) have been isolated from cancer patients, CTC clusters are generally associated with higher metastatic potential and worse prognosis. From an evolutionary perspective, being part of a cluster can provide cells with several benefits both in terms of survival (e.g. protection) and reproduction (group dispersal). Thus, strategies aimed at inducing cluster dissociation could decrease the metastatic potential of CTCs. However, finding agents or conditions that induce the dissociation of CTC clusters is hampered by the fact that their detection, isolation and propagation remain challenging. Here, we used a mechanistic agent‐based model to (a) investigate the response of CTC clusters of various sizes and densities to different challenges—in terms of cell survival and cluster stability, and (b) make predictions as to the combination of factors and parameter values that could decrease the fitness and metastatic potential of CTC clusters. Our model shows that the resilience and stability of CTC clusters are dependent on both their size and density. Also, CTC clusters of distinct sizes and densities respond differently to changes in resource availability, with high‐density clusters being least affected. In terms of responses to microenvironmental threats (such as drugs), increasing their intensity is, generally, least effective on high‐density clusters. Lastly, we found that combining various levels of resource availability and threat intensity can be more effective at decreasing the survival of CTC clusters than each factor alone. We suggest that the complex effects that cluster density and size showed on both the resilience and stability of the CTC clusters are likely to have significant consequences for their metastatic potential and responses to therapies.
The highs and lows of herring: A meta‐analysis of patterns and factors in herring collapse and recovery
Authors: Trochta John T. , Branch Trevor A. , Shelton Andrew O. , Hay Douglas E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPacific and Atlantic herring populations (genus Clupea) commonly experience episodic collapse and recovery. Recovery time durations are of great importance for the sustainability of fisheries and ecosystems. We collated information from 64 herring populations to characterize herring fluctuations and determine the time scales at low biomass and at high and low recruitment, and use generalized linear models and Random Survival Forests to identify the most important bottom‐up, top‐down and intrinsic factors influencing recovery times. Compared to non‐forage fish taxa, herring decline to lower minima, recover to higher maxima and show larger changes in biomass, implying herring are more prone to booms and busts than non‐forage fish species. Large year classes are more common in herring, but occur infrequently and are uncorrelated among regionally grouped stocks, implying local drivers of high recruitment. Management differs between Pacific and Atlantic herring fisheries, where at similarly low biomass, Pacific fisheries tend to be closed while Atlantic fisheries remain open. This difference had no apparent effect on herring recovery times, which averaged 11 years, although most stocks with longer recovery periods had not yet recovered at the end of the observation period. Biomass recovery is best explained by median recruitment and variability in sea surface height anomalies and sea surface temperatures—higher variability leads to shorter recovery times. In addition, the duration of recruitment failure is closely linked with low biomass. While recovery times rely on the nature of the relationship between spawning biomass and recruitment, they are still largely governed by complex and uncertain processes.
Platelet function defects and sertraline‐induced bleeding: a case report
Authors: Strumia Mathilde , Guerrero Felipe , Maurel‐Ribes Agnès , Garcia Cédric , Payrastre Bernard , Bagheri Haleh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA 71‐year‐old man is admitted for nose bleeds recurring for several days. His medical background shows in particular major depression for which he has been receiving sertraline for several years. The workup shows anemia, and no anomalies on head and neck CT angiography. However, further explorations suggest an acquired thrombopathy that could have contributed to the bleeding. During sertraline exposure, platelet functional exploration and platelet secretion were abnormal. Sertraline is often used as first‐line treatment of depression. Pharmacological data and spontaneous notifications suggest increased potential risk with sertraline. It appears necessary to pay attention to bleeding with sertraline use.
The application of recreational fishing survey data for ecological research, a case study from Western Port, Australia
Authors: Jenkins Gregory P. , Ball David , Coleman Rhys A. , Conron Simon 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is a world‐wide need for information on the ecology and habitat dependencies of important fish species. Recreational fishing surveys represent a potential source of data to increase our knowledge of fish distribution and habitat relationships. Here, a case study is provided on two key recreational species, King George Whiting Sillaginodes punctatus (Cuvier) and Snapper Chrysophrys auratus (Forster). The data came from a recreational fishing survey where 10,978 interviews were conducted from 1998 to 2013 in Western Port, Victoria, Australia. Spatial mapping of catch rate in relation to depth and habitat showed that S. punctatus distribution was related to seagrass cover while C. auratus distribution was related to deeper reef habitat. Juveniles of both species were more abundant in the south‐eastern section of the bay, where water quality is affected by catchment inputs. Overall, the study showed that the inclusion of spatial and habitat information in the design of recreational fishing surveys can significantly increase understanding of the ecology of key species.
Enhanced regional terrestrial carbon uptake over Korea revealed by atmospheric CO2 measurements from 1999 to 2017
Authors: Yun Jeongmin , Jeong Sujong , Ho Chang‐Hoi , Park Hoonyoung , Liu Junjie , Lee Haeyoung , Sitch Stephen , Friedlingstein Pierre , Lienert Sebastian , Lombardozzi Danica , Haverd Vanessa , Jain Atual , Zaehle Sönke , Kato Etsushi , Tian Hanqin , Vuichard Nicolas , Wiltshire Andy , Zeng Ning 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnderstanding changes in terrestrial carbon balance is important to improve our knowledge of the regional carbon cycle and climate change. However, evaluating regional changes in the terrestrial carbon balance is challenging due to the lack of surface flux measurements. This study reveals that the terrestrial carbon uptake over the Republic of Korea has been enhanced from 1999 to 2017 by analyzing long‐term atmospheric CO2 concentration measurements at the Anmyeondo Station (36.53°N, 126.32°E) located in the western coast. The influence of terrestrial carbon flux on atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ΔCO2) is estimated from the difference of CO2 concentrations that were influenced by the land sector (through easterly winds) and the Yellow Sea sector (through westerly winds). We find a significant trend in ΔCO2 of −4.75 ppm per decade (p < .05) during the vegetation growing season (May through October), suggesting that the regional terrestrial carbon uptake has increased relative to the surrounding ocean areas. Combined analysis with satellite measured normalized difference vegetation index and gross primary production shows that the enhanced carbon uptake is associated with significant nationwide increases in vegetation and its production. Process‐based terrestrial model and inverse model simulations estimate that regional terrestrial carbon uptake increases by up to 18.9 and 8.0 Tg C for the study period, accounting for 13.4% and 5.7% of the average annual domestic carbon emissions, respectively. Atmospheric chemical transport model simulations indicate that the enhanced terrestrial carbon sink is the primary reason for the observed ΔCO2 trend rather than anthropogenic emissions and atmospheric circulation changes. Our results highlight the fact that atmospheric CO2 measurements could open up the possibility of detecting regional changes in the terrestrial carbon cycle even where anthropogenic emissions are not negligible.
Habitat patchiness, ecological connectivity and the uneven recovery of boreal stream ecosystems from an experimental drought
Authors: Truchy Amélie , Sarremejane Romain , Muotka Timo , Mykrä Heikki , Angeler David G. , Lehosmaa Kaisa , Huusko Ari , Johnson Richard K. , Sponseller Ryan A. , McKie Brendan G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOngoing climate change is increasing the occurrence and intensity of drought episodes worldwide, including in boreal regions not previously regarded as drought prone, and where the impacts of drought remain poorly understood. Ecological connectivity is one factor that might influence community structure and ecosystem functioning post‐drought, by facilitating the recovery of sensitive species via dispersal at both local (e.g. a nearby habitat patch) and regional (from other systems within the same region) scales. In an outdoor mesocosm experiment, we investigated how impacts of drought on boreal stream ecosystems are altered by the spatial arrangement of local habitat patches within stream channels, and variation in ecological connectivity with a regional species pool. We measured basal ecosystem processes underlying carbon and nutrient cycling: (a) algal biomass accrual; (b) microbial respiration; and (c) decomposition of organic matter, and sampled communities of aquatic fungi and benthic invertebrates. An 8‐day drought event had strong impacts on both community structure and ecosystem functioning, including algal accrual, leaf decomposition and microbial respiration, with many of these impacts persisting even after water levels had been restored for 3.5 weeks. Enhanced connectivity with the regional species pool and increased aggregation of habitat patches also affected multiple response variables, especially those associated with microbes, and in some cases reduced the effects of drought to a small extent. This indicates that spatial processes might play a role in the resilience of communities and ecosystem functioning, given enough time. These effects were however insufficient to facilitate significant recovery in algal growth before seasonal dieback began in autumn. The limited resilience of ecosystem functioning in our experiment suggests that even short‐term droughts can have extended consequences for stream ecosystems in the world's vast boreal region, and especially on the ecosystem processes and services mediated by algal biofilms.
Trauma stabilization as an effective treatment for children with post‐traumatic stress problems in South‐East Asia
Authors: Mattheß Cordula , Farrell Derek , Mattheß Marcel , Bumke Peter , Sodemann Ute , Mattheß Helga 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHigh numbers of children and adolescents in South‐East Asia are traumatized by either natural disasters or human‐made violence. Addressing traumatic sequelae in local populations with empirically based trauma treatments is challenged by the insufficiency inappropriately trained mental health provision. To meet this need for qualified therapists, the humanitarian/trauma capacity‐building organization, Trauma Aid Germany, trained 37 therapists in psychotraumatology, including trauma stabilization. This study analyses the impact of trauma stabilization as a sole treatment intervention for post‐traumatic stress (PTS) problems in children and adolescents. Each client was screened for PTS problems pre‐ and post‐treatment using the Child Behaviour Checklist. Trauma stabilization (including psychoeducation) was the focus for subsequent data analysis. Those excluded were clients in receipt of trauma confrontation interventions. Trauma stabilization, as a sole treatment intervention, appeared to be sufficiently effective in reducing the PTS problems. The data set suggests that trauma stabilization has the potential to be effective, efficient, and sufficient treatment intervention for PTS problems in children and adolescents. Trauma stabilization techniques have the advantage of being relatively straightforward to teach and easy to integrate into practice. They are clinically safe, flexible, adaptable to the development stage and age of the client, and culturally and spiritually sensitive. A further advantage of trauma stabilization interventions is that they are bespoke – adjusted and adapted to the specific needs of the client. The discussion considers the implications for the potential utilization of mental health nurses and paraprofessionals in low‐ and middle‐income countries in trauma stabilization interventions.
Reprogramming fibroblasts and peripheral blood cells from a C9ORF72 patient: A proof‐of‐principle study
Authors: Bardelli Donatella , Sassone Francesca , Colombrita Claudia , Volpe Clara , Gumina Valentina , Peverelli Silvia , Catusi Ilaria , Ratti Antonia , Silani Vincenzo , Bossolasco Patrizia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs for the majority of neurodegenerative diseases, pathological mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been challenging to study due to the difficult access to alive patients' cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a useful in vitro system for modelling human diseases. iPSCs can be theoretically obtained by reprogramming any somatic tissue although fibroblasts (FB) remain the most used cells. However, reprogramming peripheral blood cells (PB) may offer significant advantages. In order to investigate whether the choice of starting cells may affect reprogramming and motor neuron (MNs) differentiation potential, we used both FB and PB from a same C9ORF72‐mutated ALS patient to obtain iPSCs and compared several hallmarks of the pathology. We found that both iPSCs and MNs derived from the two tissues showed identical properties and features and can therefore be used interchangeably, giving the opportunity to easily obtain iPSCs from a more manageable source of cells, such as PB.