bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between white blood cell count and insulin resistance, glucose effectiveness, and first- and second-phase insulin secretion in young adults
Authors: Kuo Ting-Ya , Wu Chung-Ze , Lu Chieh-Hua , Lin Jiunn-Diann , Liang Yao-Jen , Hsieh Chang-Hsun , Pei Dee , Chen Yen-Lin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been observed in younger adults. Insulin resistance [IR], decreased first-, second-phase insulin secretion, and glucose effectiveness (GE) (IR, first phase insulin secretion [FPIS], second phase insulin secretion [SPIS], and GE), denoted as diabetes factors (DF), are core for developing T2DM. A body of evidence has shown that inflammation contributes to the development of diabetes. In the present study, our goals were first, evaluate the relationships between white blood cell (WBC) count and, second, examine the relative tightness between the 4 DFs to WBC count. Thus, the pathophysiology of T2DM in Chinese young men could be more understood.
21112 non-obese males between 18 to 27 years old were recruited (mean age: 24.3 ± 0.017), including 1745 subjects with metabolic syndrome. DFs were calculated by the published equations by our groups as follows:
The association between DFs and WBC count was analyzed using a simple correlation. The r-values of the simple correlation are regarded as the tightness of the relationships.
Higher WBC, FPIS, SPIS, IR, age, BMI, blood pressure, FPG, TG, Cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lower HDL-C and GE were observed in subjects with metabolic syndrome. A similar trend was seen across the quartiles of WBC levels. Among the 4 DFs, GE has the highest r-value (r = -0.093, P < .001), followed by IR (r = 0.067, P < .001), SPIS (r = 0.029, P < .001) and FPIS (r = 0.027, P < .001).
Elevated WBC count is significantly associated with all the 4 DFs and the relative order of the tightness, from the highest to the lowest, are GE, IR, SPIS, and FPIS in Chinese young men.
Platinum versus immunotherapy for early resectable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tong Zhangwei , Luo Fei , Yang Xiaojie , Kang Mingqiang , Lin Jiangbo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Non-small cell Lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of the total lung cancer. For patients with resectable early NSCLC, conventional postoperative adjuvant therapy can significantly prolong the overall survival of patients and reduce the risk of tumor recurrence. With the emergence and maturity of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the strategy of postoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer patients has changed greatly. To evaluate the efficacy of postoperative chemotherapy (platinum based chemotherapy and immunotherapy) with or without radiotherapy for NSCLC patients, we will conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published or unpublished randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
We will search Pubmed (Medline), Embase, Google Scholar, Cancerlit, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for related studies published without language restrictions before June 20, 2021. Two review authors will search and assess relevant studies independently. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials studies will be included. we will perform subgroup analysis in different methods of postoperative adjuvant therapy for patients with resectable early NSCLC. Because this study will be based on published or unpublished records and studies, there is no need for ethics approval. INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202080064.

Results:
The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
This study will compare the efficacy of platinum chemotherapy and immunotherapy in patients with resectable early NSCLC. Since the large sample randomized trials that meet the inclusion criteria of this study may be inadequate, we will consider incorporating some high quality small sample related tests, which may lead to heterogeneity and affect the reliability of the results.
The effectiveness of moxibustion for treating of low back pain
Authors: Zhu Siyuan , Xiong Jun , Chen Jun , Tang Genhua , Zhong Zhiying , Lu LunBin , Zhou Xingchen , Guo Han , Fan Hao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Low back pain is a common clinical chronic disease with symptoms of back soreness, numbness, and pain. The incidence of low back pain is high, and gradually increases with age. It is mainly middle-aged and has a high recurrence rate. It is considered to be one of the common diseases with the highest disability rate. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion therapy for low back pain.

Methods:
Two reviewers will electronically search the following databases: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL);PubMed; EMBASE; China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI); Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM); Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP database); and Wan–Fang Database from the inception, without restriction of publication status and languages. Additional searching including researches in progress, the reference lists and the citation lists of identified publications. Study selection, data extraction, and assessment of study quality will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. If it is appropriate for a meta-analysis, RevMan 5.4 statistical software will be used; otherwise, a descriptive analysis will be conducted. Data will be synthesized by either the fixed-effects or random-effects model according to a heterogeneity test. The results will be presented as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dichotomous data and weight mean difference (WMD) or standard mean difference (SMD) 95% CIs for continuous data.

Results:
This study will provide a comprehensive review of the available evidence for the treatment of moxibustion with low back pain.

Conclusions:
The conclusions of our study will provide an evidence to judge whether moxibustion is an effective and safe intervention for patients with low back pain.

Trial registration number:
INPLASY202080027.
Evolution of an obstetrics and gynecology interprofessional simulation-based education session for medical and nursing students
Authors: Ogunyemi Dotun , Haltigin Christopher , Vallie Stephanie , Ferrari Thomas M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Simulation and Objective Structured Clinical Examination assessment of learners can teach clinical skills proficiency in a safe environment without risk to patients. Interprofessional simulation-based education (IPSE) contributes to a transformation in students’ understanding of teamwork and professional roles. Long term outcomes for stimulation and IPSE sessions, are less well studied. We hypothesized that a progressive interprofessional education simulation program incorporating both faculty and interprofessional student collaboration would improve medical students’ knowledge retention, comfort with procedural skills, positive teamwork and respectful interaction between students.
An Obstetrics and Gynecology IPSE for medical and nursing students (NS) was developed in collaboration between a school of medicine and a school of nursing from 2014 to 2017. By 2017, content included
From 2014 to 2016, medical students completed attitude, knowledge, and perception surveys both pre and immediately post simulation, at 4 months, and 8 months. In 2017; all students completed self-assessments and received faculty-assessments.
The program trained 443 medical and 136 NS. Medical students’ knowledge, comfort, and interest increased significantly post simulation. Outcome scores decreased but were still significantly improved at 4 months but nearly dissipated by 8 months. There were no significant differences between medical and NS self-assessment or faculty-assessment scores regarding IUD insertion, cervical examination, or contraception quiz scores. Medical students’ birth simulation self-assessment versus faculty-assessment scores were 8.6 vs 8.9, P < .001.
Simulation improved students’ short-term medical knowledge, comfort, and perception with some long-term persistence at 4–8 months. Medical and NS learned obstetrics and gynecology skills in a collaborative environment and in role-specific situations. Medical students had the opportunity to learn from NS. Positive teamwork and respectful interaction occurred between the students.
Nutrition screening tools for risk of malnutrition among hospitalized patients
Authors: Cortes Regina , Bennasar-Veny Miquel , Castro-Sanchez Enrique , Fresneda Sergio , de Pedro-Gomez Joan , Yañez Aina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Malnutrition is a clinical problem with a high prevalence in hospitalized adult patients. Many nutritional screening tools have been developed but there is no consensus on which 1 is more useful. The purpose of this review protocol is to provide an overview of which nutritional screening tool is most valid to identify malnutritional risk in hospitalized adult patients and to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of the different tools.

Methods:
The protocol of this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered on the INPLASY website (https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2020-9-0028/) and INPLASY registration number is INPLASY202090028. We will perform a systematic literature search of main databases: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science and the Cochrane database. Also, grey literature will be search. Peer-reviewed studies published in English, Portuguese or Spanish language will be selected. Screening of titles, abstract and full text will be assessed for eligibility by 2 independent blinded reviewers and any discrepancies will be resolved via consensus. After screening the studies, a meta-analysis will be conducted, if it is possible.

Results:
Results from this systematic review will help health professionals to identify malnutrition in hospitalized patients and to make decisions to prevent or treat it as well as provide new clues to researchers.

Conclusion:
Our systematic review will provide aknowledge about the most valid malnutrition risk screening tool in hospitalized adult patients.
The epidemiological characteristics and profile of drug-resistant tuberculosis among children with tuberculosis in Sichuan, China, 2015–2018
Authors: Xu Yuanhong , Li Qingfeng , Zhu Ma , Wu Xueqi , Wang Dongmei , Luo Jia , Li Yingjie , Zhong Jing , Zeng Peibin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and profile of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) among children with TB in Sichuan province of China.
From January 2015 to December 2018, microbiological culture-confirmed child TB cases (aged <15 years old) were enrolled retrospectively. Epidemiological and clinical information from these cases, and the drug susceptibility testing results of the isolates were collected and analyzed.
Of 317 culture-confirmed child TB cases, 16.7% (53/317) were aged under 5 years old. 54.9% were Tibetans, and 31.9% had clear history of contact with TB patients. More than half (53.9%) were not vaccinated by Calmette–Guérin bacillus (BCG). Thirty percent (n = 95) were diagnosed as severe TB, and 92.4% (n = 293) were new cases. The ratio of severe TB in BCG vaccinated group was significant lower than that observed in unvaccinated group (P < .01). Significantly higher proportion of severe TB among Tibetans than Han child TB cases was observed in BCG unvaccinated group (P < .01). The overall rate of DR-TB in this study was 24.3% (77/317) and 17 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases were identified with rate of MDR-TB at 5.4% (17/317). No extensively drug-resistant case was found. Thirteen out of 17 MDR-TB cases (76.4%) were Tibetan children. The ratio of any resistance to 4 first-line drugs identified were: isoniazid (INH), 15.5%; rifampicin (RIF), 9.1%; ethambutol, 0.6% and streptomycin, 6.0%, respectively. More than half of MDR patterns were resistant to INH + RIF (9/17), followed by at least resistance to INH + RIF + streptomycin (n = 7).
This was the first investigation on the epidemiological characteristics and profiles of DR-TB among child TB cases in Southwest of China. Our findings indicated a potentially high risk of TB infection to Tibetan children in the concentrated Tibetan communities of Sichuan.
Tumor necrosis factor antagonists for paradoxical inflammatory reactions in the central nervous system tuberculosis
Authors: Santin Miguel , Escrich Cristina , Majòs Carles , Llaberia Mariona , Grijota Maria D. , Grau Imma 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Paradoxical reaction/immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is common in patients with central nervous system tuberculosis. Management relies on high-dose corticosteroids and surgery when feasible.

Patient concern:
We describe 2 cases of HIV-negative patients with corticosteroid-refractory paradoxical reactions of central nervous system tuberculosis.

Diagnoses:
The 2 patients experienced clinical impairment shortly after starting therapy for TB, and magnetic resonance imaging showed the presence of tuberculomas, leading to the diagnosis of a paradoxical reaction.

Interventions:
We added infliximab, an anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha monoclonal antibody, to the dexamethasone.

Outcomes:
Both patients had favorable outcomes, 1 achieving full recovery but 1 suffering neurologic sequelae.

Lessons:
Clinicians should be aware of the risk of paradoxical reactions/immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome when treating patients with tuberculosis of the central nervous system and should consider the prompt anti-TNF-α agents in cases not responding to corticosteroids.
Clinical study on acupuncture acupoints around the eyes in treating myopia in children and adolescents
Authors: Huang Qun , Yang Yang , Huang Hui , Zheng Yanlin , Wang Wanjie , Liao Tingting , Xiao Xili , Wang Jing , Zou Weiwen , Wang Juan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Myopia is the most common cause of avoidable visual impairment worldwide, which causes huge economic burden and social burden. There are several ways to treat and reduce myopia, but all have drawbacks; this reality drives us to search for additional effective and low-risk interventions of treatment for myopia. Acupuncture is an ancient therapy with a history of thousands of years and is now widely used in the medical system. Some randomized controlled trials have reported that acupuncture, as an adjuvant therapy, can effectively improve the diopter and vision in the sense of myopic children. Deqi is a long-standing belief to ensure the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of myopia, but this belief has not been confirmed by sufficient evidence of randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
This clinical study is a parallel-group, randomized controlled, and single blind study. Three hundred eligible adolescents will randomly be divided into acupuncture Deqi group, acupuncture without Deqi group, and waiting list group. All groups will be given frame glasses for corrective treatment; patients in the acupuncture Deqi group will be treated with acupuncture at acupoints around the eyes and flat puncture to Deqi, while acupuncture without Deqi group will not flat puncture to Deqi. The waiting list group will not receive acupuncture treatment. The primary outcome will be diopter measurement. Adverse events and safety indexes will be recorded throughout the study.

Discussion:
Our study will compare acupuncture Deqi with acupuncture without Deqi, and place it in a control group for the treatment of myopia. The results of this trial are expected to provide solid evidence for the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture combined with Deqi in the treatment of myopia, and hope to provide a reference for clinical practice. The primary outcome will be diopter measurement of the patients before treatment.

Trial registration:
ChiCTR2000037874, registered September 3, 2020.
Yishentongluo decoction in treatment of idiopathic asthenozoospermia infertility
Authors: Zhang Qi , Fan Lipeng , Li Fangyuan , Sun Zixue , Zhang Chenming , Chen Rubing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
The reproductive dilemma faced by men has always been the focus of the whole society. Idiopathic asthenozoospermia (AZS), as one of the common causes of male infertility, lack of specific treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine has shown potential benefits in the management of male infertility. Yishentongluo decoction (YSTL) is a representative Chinese herbal formula; however, there is still no rigorous clinical trial supporting its application. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of YSTL for patients with idiopathic AZS and explain the possible action mechanisms of YSTL in improving sperm motility.

Methods:
In this randomized controlled study, a total of 160 eligible patients will be assigned to YSTL group or the Levocarnitine oral solution group in a 1:1 ratio. The treatment period will be 12 weeks and the follow-up period will last 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be the the progressive (motility), sperm rate (%). Secondary outcomes will include the progressive (motility) + non-progressive (motility) sperm rate(%), total effective sperm count, inner mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in spermatozoa, and spouse pregnancy rate (%). Safety outcomes will cover electrocardiogram , blood tests (including blood routine test, hepatic function, and renal function), urine routine test, and stool routine test. The semen parameters, sperm MMP test, and all the safety outcomes will be performed at the baseline, 4th, 8th and 12th week. The pregnancy outcome will be evaluated at 4 weeks after treatment.

Discussion:
This study will provide initial evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of YSTL in the treatment of idiopathic AZS with kidney deficiency and blood stasis pattern. In addition, potential mechanisms of YSTL in improving sperm motility will be explored based on sperm MMP test.

Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trials Register identifier, ChiCTR2000033290, registered on 26 May 2020.
The relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus and interleukin 1beta gene polymorphisms in southwest of China
Authors: Liu Ting , Deng Jia-min , Liu Yan-ling , Chang Li , Jiang Yong-mei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a kind of chronic inflammatory condition with carbohydrate metabolism disorder. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) plays an important role in inflammatory response, but its role in GDM development remains unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between Interleukin 1beta (IL1B) rs1143623 and rs16944 polymorphisms and susceptibility to GDM.
In total, 300 pregnant women with GDM and 261 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. In both groups, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1143623 and rs16944 were analyzed by using snapshot technology. IL-1β serum values were determined by ELISA.
Serum IL-1β levels involvement in GDM development. According to the results, we found the association between the IL1B rs1143623 polymorphism and susceptibility to GDM. In further analysis, IL1B rs1143623 GG genotype had a higher level of total cholesterol (TCHO) and lower level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in GDM patients compared with the CC/GC genotypes. However, there were no statistically significant difference between the GDM and healthy control groups in terms of rs16944 polymorphism.
Our results indicated that rs1143623 in IL1B gene may lead to GDM in the southwest of china. However, no significant difference was found between GDM and rs16944. The rs1143623 genotype may significantly impact the fat metabolism, especially the levels of TCHO and HDL. We believe that our findings will contribute to understanding of the etiology and possible novel prognostic markers for GDM.
A randomized controlled trial for the effect of Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder on delaying the illness progress of COPD stable phase patients (GOLD 1–2 stages)
Authors: Liu Yufei , Xie Xiaohong , Wang Wujun , Zhao Keni , Xiao Wei , Xiao Jing , Chen Jianqin , Zeng Jurong , Chen Keling 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
As one of the most prominent public health and medical problems, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has a serious impact on the quality of life of participants and may even be life-threatening. While modern medicine has worked well to alleviate the symptoms of COPD, the current situation with this chronic disease is not encouraging. Lung-spleen qi deficiency syndrome is one of the common forms of COPD and the traditional Chinese medicine formula Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder is very frequently used in the treatment of this syndrome. However, no direct evidence is available to support the efficacy and safety of Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder for COPD treatment.

Methods:
The study is a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in which 270 eligible participants will be randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group in a 1:1 ratio. Both groups will receive the standard Western medication. Meanwhile, participants in the experimental group will undergo Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder, while those in the control group will undergo a matched placebo. The course of treatment is 6 months with 12 months of follow-up. Primary outcome is the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) after bronchodi-lator use. The secondary outcomes include the declines and the between-group difference in the change from baseline to 18 months in FEV1 before bronchodilator use; the forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, FEV1%pred after bronchodilator use, modified British medical research council, COPD Assessment Test, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ); frequency, interval, duration and severity of COPD exacerbations; time to first COPD exacerbation; administration of rescue medication and a cost-effectiveness analysis; Smoking status. A safety assessment will also be performed during the trial.

Discussion:
The results of this trial will provide comprehensive evidence of the efficacy of Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder for early-stage COPD and the potential mechanism by which Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder acts, which may provide reference for the treatment plan of COPD participants.

Trial registration:
ChiCTR2000037873, Registered 2 September 2020