bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abbreviated MRI protocol for colorectal liver metastases: How the radiologist could work in pre surgical setting
Authors: Granata Vincenza , Fusco Roberta , Avallone Antonio , Cassata Antonino , Palaia Raffaele , Delrio Paolo , Grassi Roberta , Tatangelo Fabiana , Grazzini Giulia , Izzo Francesco , Petrillo Antonella 
Published: November 2020

Background
MRI is the most reliable imaging modality that allows to assess liver metastases. Our purpose is to compare the per-lesion and per-patient detection rate of gadoxetic acid-(Gd-EOB) enhanced liver MRI and fast MR protocol including Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) and T2-W Fat Suppression sequence in the detection of liver metastasis in pre surgical setting.

Methods
One hundred and eight patients with pathologically proven liver metastases (756 liver metastases) underwent Gd-EOBMRI were enrolled in this study. Three radiologist independently graded the presence of liver lesions on a five-point confidence scale assessed only abbreviated protocol (DWI and sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) fat suppressed sequence) and after an interval of more than 2 weeks the conventional study (all acquired sequences). Per-lesion and per-patient detection rate of metastases were calculated. Weighted к values were used to evaluate inter-reader agreement of the confidence scale regarding the presence of the lesion.

Results
MRI detected 732 liver metastases. All lesions were identified both by conventional study as by abbreviated protocol. In terms of per-lesion detection rate of liver metastasis, all three readers had higher detection rate both with abbreviated protocol and with standard protocol with Gd-EOB (96.8% [732 of 756] vs. 96.5% [730 of 756] for reader 1; 95.8% [725 of 756] vs. 95.2% [720 of 756] for reader 2; 96.5% [730 of 756] vs. 96.5% [730 of 756] for reader 3). Inter-reader agreement of lesions detection rate between the three radiologists was excellent (k range, 0.86–0.98) both for Gd-EOB MRI and for Fast protocol (k range, 0.89–0.99).

Conclusion
Abbreviated protocol showed the same detection rate than conventional study in detection of liver metastases.
The epidemiology, clinical presentation, and predictors of severe Tick-borne encephalitis in Lithuania, a highly endemic country: A retrospective study of 1040 patients
Authors: Radzišauskienė Daiva , Urbonienė Jurgita , Kaubrys Gintaras , Andruškevičius Saulius , Jatužis Dalius , Matulytė Elžbieta , Žvirblytė-Skrebutienė Karolina 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionIn recent decades, the incidence of Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has been increasing and posing a growing health problem because of the high costs to the healthcare system and society. The clinical manifestations are well studied but there is a lack of research analyzing the severity of the disease.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiology and clinical presentation of severe TBE, to identify the predictors for a severe disease course, and also predictors for meningoencephalomyelitic and severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic forms.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted in the Center of Infectious Diseases and the Center of Neurology at Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos in the years 2005–2017 to describe the clinical and epidemiological features of TBE in adults.Results1040 patients were included in the study. A total of 152/1040 (14.6%) patients had a severe course. The highest proportion of severe cases, reaching 41.2%, was reported in the 70–79 year-old age group. A total of 36/152 (23.7%) severe patients presented meningoencephalomyelitis. Myelitic patients were older, were frequently infected in their living areas, and usually reported a monophasic disease course compared with severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic patients. Severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic patients, compared with non-severe meningoencephalitic/encephalitic, were older, less often noticed the tick bite, and often had a monophasic course. The sequelae on discharge were observed in 810/1000 (81%) of patients.ConclusionsThe prognostic factors associated with a severe disease course and severe meningoencephalitic form are: older age, comorbidities, a monophasic course, a fever of 40˚C and above, CRP more than 30 mg/l, CSF protein more than 1 g/l, delayed immune response of TBEV IgG, pathological findings in CT. Age above 60 years, presence of CNS disease, bulbar syndrome, pleocytosis 500x106/l and above, and delayed immune response of TBEV IgG are predictors of the most severe myelitic form.
Evaluating the integration of tuberculosis screening and contact investigation in tuberculosis clinics in Ethiopia: A mixed method study
Authors: Ketema L. , Dememew Z. G. , Assefa D. , Gudina T. , Kassa A. , Letta T. , Ayele B. , Tadesse Y. , Tegegn B. , Datiko D. G. , Negeri C. , Bedru A. , Klinkenberg E. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundAligned with global childhood tuberculosis (TB) road map, Ethiopia developed its own in 2015. The key strategies outlined in the Ethiopian roadmap are incorporating TB screening in Integrated Maternal, Neonatal and Child Illnesses (IMNCI) clinic for children under five years (U5) and intensifying contact investigations at TB clinic. However, these strategies have never been evaluated.ObjectiveTo evaluate the integration of tuberculosis (TB) screening and contact investigation into Integrated Maternal, Neonatal and Child Illnesses (IMNCI) and TB clinics in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsThe study used mixed methods with stepped-wedge design where 30 randomly selected health care facilities were randomized into three groups of 10 during August 2016-November 2017. The integration of TB screening into IMNCI clinic and contact investigation in TB clinic were introduced by a three-day childhood TB training for health providers. An in-depth interview was used to explore the challenges of the interventions and supplemented data on TB screening and contact investigation.ResultsOverall, 180896 children attended 30 IMNCI clinics and145444 (80.4%) were screened for TB. A total of 688 (0.4%) children had presumptive TB and 47(0.03%) had TB. During the pre-intervention period, 51873 of the 85278 children (60.8%) were screened for TB as compared to 93570 of the 95618 children (97.9%) in the intervention (p<0.001). This had resulted in 149 (0.30%) and 539 (0.6%) presumptive TB cases in pre-intervention and intervention periods (p<0.001), respectively. Also, nine TB cases (6.0%) in pre-intervention and 38 (7.1%) after intervention were identified (p = 0.72). In TB clinics, 559 under-five (U5) contacts were identified and 419 (80.1%) were screened. In all, 51(9.1%) presumed TB cases and 12 (2.1%) active TB cases were identified from the traced contacts. TB screening was done for 182 of the 275 traced contacts (66.2%) before intervention and for 237 of the 284 of the traced (83.5%) under intervention (p<0.001). Isoniazid prevention therapy (IPT) was initiated for 69 of 163 eligible contacts (42.3%) before intervention and for 159 of 194 eligible children (82.0%) under intervention (p<0.001). Over 95% of health providers indicated that the integration of TB screening into IMNCI and contact investigation in TB clinic is acceptable and practical. Gastric aspiration to collect sputum using nasogastric tube was reported to be difficult.ConclusionsIntegrating TB screening into IMNCI clinics and intensifying contact investigation in TB clinics is feasible improving TB screening, presumed TB cases, TB cases, contact screening and IPT coverage during the intervention period. Stool specimen could be non-invasive to address the challenge of sputum collection.
Nasal povidone-iodine implementation for preventing surgical site infections: Perspectives of surgical nurses
Authors: Hammond Eric N. , Brys Nicole , Kates Ashley , Musuuza Jackson S. , Haleem Ambar , Bentz Michael L. , Safdar Nasia 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionPreoperative nasal decolonization of surgical patients with nasal povidone-iodine (PI) has potential to eliminate pathogenic organisms responsible for surgical site infections. However, data on implementation of PI for quality improvement in clinical practice is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation feasibility, fidelity and acceptability of intranasal PI solution application by surgical nurses using the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) conceptual framework.Materials and methodsUsing the i-PARIHS framework to frame questions and guide interview content areas, we conducted 15 semi-structured interviews of pre- and post-operative care nurses in two facilities. We analyzed the data using deductive content analysis to evaluate nurses’ experience and perceptions on preoperative intranasal PI solution decolonization implementation. Open coding was used to analyze the data to ensure all relevant information was captured.ResultsEach facility adopted a different quality improvement implementation strategy. The mode of facilitation, training, and educational materials provided to the nurses varied by facility. Barriers identified included lack of effective communication, insufficient information and lack of systematic implementation protocol. Action taken to mitigate some of the barriers included a collaboration between the study team and nurses to develop a systematic written protocol. The training assisted nurses to systematically follow the implementation protocol smoothly to ensure PI administration compliance, and to meet the goal of the facilities. Nurses’ observations and feedback showed that PI did not cause any adverse effects on patients.ConclusionsWe found that PI implementation was feasible and acceptable by nurses and could be extended to other facilities. However further studies are required to ensure standardization of PI application.
Analysis of biliary MICRObiota in hepatoBILIOpancreatic diseases compared to healthy people [MICROBILIO]: Study protocol
Authors: Nascimento Fernanda Sayuri do , Suzuki Milena Oliveira , Taba João Victor , de Mattos Vitoria Carneiro , Pipek Leonardo Zumerkorn , D’Albuquerque Eugênia Machado Carneiro , Iuamoto Leandro , Meyer Alberto , Andraus Wellington , Pinho João Renato Rebello , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux , Setubal João Carlos , Carneiro-D’Albuquerque Luiz Augusto 
Published: November 2020

Background
The performance of the microbiota is observed in several digestive tract diseases. Therefore, reaching the biliary microbiota may suggest ways for studies of biomarkers, diagnoses, tests and therapies in hepatobiliopancreatic diseases.

Methods
Bile samples will be collected in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography patients (case group) and living liver transplantation donors (control group). We will characterize the microbiome based on two types of sequence data: the V3/V4 regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene and total shotgun DNA. For 16S sequencing data a standard 16S processing pipeline based on the Amplicon Sequence Variant concept and the qiime2 software package will be employed; for shotgun data, for each sample we will assemble the reads and obtain and analyze metagenome-assembled genomes.

Results
The primary expected results of the study is to characterize the specific composition of the biliary microbiota in situations of disease and health. In addition, it seeks to demonstrate the existence of changes in the case of illness and also possible disease biomarkers, diagnosis, interventions and therapies in hepatobiliopancreatic diseases.

Trial registration
NCT04391426. Registered 18 May 2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04391426.
Effectiveness of community health workers involvement in smoking cessation programme: A systematic review
Authors: Zulkiply Siti Hafizah , Ramli Lina Farhana , Fisal Zul Aizat Mohamad , Tabassum Bushra , Abdul Manaf Rosliza 
Published: November 2020

Background
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) has set the target to reduce premature mortalities from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by one-third. One of the ways to achieve this is through strengthening the countries’ implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC). Community health workers (CHWs) involvement has shown promising results in the prevention of NCDs. This systematic review is aimed at critically evaluating the available evidence on the effectiveness of involving CHWs in smoking cessation.

Materials and methods
We systemically searched PubMed and CENTRAL up to September 2019. We searched for published interventional studies on smoking cessation interventions using the usual care that complemented with CHWs as compared to the usual or standard care alone. Our primary outcome was abstinence of smoking. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study risks of bias.

Result
We identified 2794 articles, of which only five studies were included. A total of 3513 smokers with 41 CHWs were included in the studies. The intervention duration range from 6 weeks to 30 months. The studies used behavioral intervention or a combination of behavioral intervention and pharmacological treatment. Overall, the smoking cessation intervention that incorporated involvement of CHWs had higher smoking cessation rates [OR 1.95, 95% CI (1.35, 2.83)]. Significant smoking cessation rates were seen in two studies.

Conclusion
Higher smoking cessation rates were seen in the interventions that combined the usual care with interventions by CHWs as compared to the usual care alone. However, there were insufficient studies to prove the effectiveness. In addition, there was high heterogeneity in terms of interventions and participants in the current studies.
PSYCHOLOGICAL TIME AND SELF-EFFICACY OF THE INDIVIDUAL
Authors: Kravtsova Yana Viktorovna , Dubovitskaya Tatyana Dmitrievna , Abdullin Asat Giniatovich 
Published: November 2020

Background: The article presents the features of psychological time as one of the factors of self-efficacy of the individual. The belief in the efficacy of one’s own actions is an indicator of the potential success of a person. Attention is paid to various aspects of psychological time, which provide a high subject and interpersonal self-efficacy of the individual. Aim. This paper aims to determine the relationship between the self-efficacy of the individual and the components of psychological time, including the features of time perspective, personal competence in time and exposure to time disruptors. Materials and methods. The following questionnaires were used: the subject and interpersonal self-efficacy test, the time perspective questionnaire, the diagnostics of personal disorganizers and personal competence in time. The data obtained were subjected to correlation analysis with the Spearman coefficient. Results. The self-efficacy of a person is higher in the following conditions: goals and plans for the future are more expressed; perception of ones own past as filled with negativity and disappointments is less pronounced; the attitude to the present as independent of the subject's will is less pronounced. Interpersonal self-efficacy of a person is promoted by: orientation to setting life goals and future prospects; ability to getting one’s affairs in order, problem concentrating, showing interest in life and work. Conclusion. Subjects with high indicators of self-efficacy in both the subject and interpersonal spheres are characterized by: a high level of personal competence in time; low indicators of time disruptors. Subjects with high self-efficacy only in subject activities are characterized by: a high level of focus on the future; acceptance of their past without pain and frustration; perception of their present as dependent on their will and aspirations. Subjects with primary self-efficacy in interpersonal relationships are characterized by: the formation of life goals and intentions, the ability to see personal perspectives, an indifferent attitude to work, and the desire for activity. The results of the study can be used for correctional, developmental, and advisory psychological support for improving self-efficacy in individuals.
PSYCHOLOGY STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ABOUT THE PERSONALITY OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITH LIMITED HEALTH OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Rassudova Lyudmila Anatolevna 
Published: November 2020

Background. The modern education system needs competent and qualified specialists, including psychologists who work with students with disabilities. Training psychologists who are able to work in a modern system of inclusive education is becoming the most important task of higher education. Professional training involves the formation of objective ideas about a person with disabilities. Aim. The paper aims to identify the ideas of psychology students about the personality of an individual with disabilities. Materials and methods. The study involved 53 3rd-year psychology and pedagogy students of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Content analysis was used to analyze students essays. Three categories were identified and characterized: “Perceptions of a person with limited health opportunities”, “Perceptions of oneself”, “Perceptions of the social environment”. Results. It has been established that the highest frequency is inherent in the category “Perceptions of a person with limited health opportunities”, which reflects well-formed representations of students about the personal qualities and psychological needs of people with disabilities. The ideas about the social environment of persons with disabilities, as well as about their own personality, were formed to a lesser extent. Conclusion. The obtained results allow us to draw general conclusions regarding the fragmentation of ideas about a person with limited health opportunities. The psychology students have the right ideas about the psychological resources needed by people with impaired development for successful social integration and partially correct ideas regarding the needs of this category of people. The obtained data reveal new information about the features of the formation of professional ideas in psychology students specializing in the psychological and pedagogical support of people with limited health opportunities.
Challenges and Benefits of ‘Work from Home’ for employees in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Moovala Vijayalaxmi 
Published: November 2020

COVID-19 ushered in a range of strategic, structural, and operational changes in organisations. Significant among these changes being the work from home (WFH) arrangement. The main aim of this study was to identify the challenges and benefits that the WFH arrangement brought in its wake, for employees in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The similarities and differences in the challenges faced, and benefits reaped by different demographic segments of respondents, namely; male and female, managers and non-managers, and the four generations [Baby-boomers, Gen X, Millennials, and Gen Z] were examined. The study revealed that the major challenges faced by respondents of these segments were receiving work requests from managers and colleagues after scheduled work hours and/or at their convenience, keeping a regular schedule, keeping family members away from workspace- especially during virtual meetings, not having access to the tools or information needed for the job, not having workspace/workstation at home, and communication with colleagues being hard. The major benefits listed were saving commute time, flexible working, work life balance, personal and family care, and more focus. The general preference of majority of the respondents was to continue with WFH arrangement - half the time in the future. The findings of this study threw light on the need for organisations to formulate policies for overcoming the challenges faced by respondents during WFH. This would result in better productivity and contribute to the employees’ well-being.
Tratamiento de fracturas de falanges y metacarpianos con tornillos endomedulares compresivos
Authors: Layús Macarena , Pasetto Pablo 
Published: November 2020

Objetivos: Evaluar los resultados clínicos y radiográficos de pacientes con fracturas extrarticulares de falanges y metacarpianos de la mano, tratados mediante osteosíntesis mininvasiva con tornillos endomedulares compresivos retrógrados.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio prospectivo que incluyó a pacientes >18 años con fracturas cerradas transversales u oblicuas cortas, extrarticulares, de falanges y metacarpianos tratadas entre noviembre de 2016 y junio de 2019. La serie estaba integrada por 47 pacientes, con 76 fracturas (28 de metacarpianos, 27 de falange proximal y 21 de falange media). Se evaluaron los resultados clínicos y funcionales con goniometría, registrando el rango de movilidad activa total. La evaluación radiográfica se realizó sobrela base de los criterios establecidos por Pun y cols. Todos los pacientes completaron el cuestionario QuickDASH en el examen final.
Resultados: El tiempo promedio de seguimiento fue de 24.5 meses. El rango de movilidad activa total promedio fue de 238° para todas las fracturas, 252° para las de metacarpianos y 230° para las de falanges. Se observó la consolidación radiográfica de todas las fracturas. El tiempo promedio de retorno a la actividad habitual fue de 79 días. El resultado final del cuestionario QuickDASH fue 4,5. No hubo complicaciones ni cirugías secundarias.
Conclusiones: La osteosíntesis mininvasiva con tornillos endomedulares compresivos retrógrados resultó una alternativa eficaz para el tratamiento de fracturas extrarticulares de falanges y metacarpianos.
Palabras clave: Fractura; metacarpianos; falanges; tornillos endomedulares compresivos.Nivel de Evidencia: II
Differential species traits of Trichostrongylus tenuis (Nematoda, Trichostrongylidae)
Authors: Yevstafieva V. O. , Starodub Y. S. , Pisarenko V. M. , Barabolia O. V. , Nikiforova O. V. 
Published: November 2020

Trichostrongylus tenuis Mehlin, 1846 is a helminth species that parasitizes in the gastrointestinal tract of birds and causes trichostrongylosis. Research on the differential features of the pathogen at various stages of development facilitates timely finding of the foci of infection and providing recommendations for prevention and control. In the present study, the differential species traits of male and female Trichostrongylus nematodes parasitizing in the domestic goose were examined. The nematodes were obtained in helminthological dissection of the intestine of birds kept at farms and private households in Poltava region, Ukraine. It was revealed that the morphological features of T. tenuis females that should be considered in species identification include the structural specifics of the reproductive system and the tail end. 22 metric parameters were suggested for species identification, including the female body measurements for different parts, specifics of vulva and anus location, sizes of the ovijector, sphincter, ejector and vulval area. Differences were found in the metric parameters of the lateral crests of the cuticle in female nematodes in relation to the position of crests on the parasite’s bodies. The cuticular crests were absent at 0.1 mm from the head and tail ends, and the length of crests was 9.3 mm in total. The longest and widest crests were observed in the middle of the body, the shortest were found in the anus area, and the narrowest crests were from the anterior part of esophagus to its middle. The distance between crests varied 0.2–3.0 μm, the longest at the transition of esophagus into the intestine and the shortest in area between the vulva and the anus. The metric parameters of T. tenuis eggs obtained from bird feces and in the nematode uterus differed significantly by 5 characters. The collected data on the morphological and metric parameters of females and eggs of T. tenuis can be used in species identification and understanding of the taxonomic position of that species.