bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AS NOVAS METODOLOGIAS DE ENSINO E A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE
Authors: Pinheiro Maria Deuceny da Silva Lopes Bravo , Pinheiro Alfredo Bravo Marques 
Published: August 2020

A contemporaneidade nos invoca para um olhar diferenciado para a escola, exigindo novas concepções desse espaço e do processo educativo, acompanhadas por fundamentos teóricos, desenvolvidas por intelectuais que lutam por uma política pública que ultrapasse o discurso, e que possibilitem conceber esse outro formato de sistema educativo que vem sendo desenhado. Buscam com isso, fortalecer não somente o discurso, mas a prática para uma educação mais sustentável. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo faz uma reflexão sobre a configuração da escola atual, destacando a necessidade se novas metodologias de ensino e de um projeto educativo arrojado, com num sólido compromisso entre os distintos atores que compõem o território onde a escola está inserida. Finaliza fazendo uma reflexão das teorias pedagógicas apresentadas por Bertran; Valois (1994), sobre projeto educativo e nos estudos de Garcia (1992, 1999), Tardif (2002), Anastasiou; Alves (2004), Perrenoud (2000, 2002) e Zabalza (2004, 2007) sobre a docência e a formação docente. Pautado nesses autores, destacamos a importância do professor começar a (re)pensar em suas próprias ações, em suas práticas no cotidiano em sala de aula, enfatizando o papel da formação continuada para seu aprimoramento profissional. Esperamos que o presente estudo suscite reflexões que colaborem com a construção dos projetos educativos locais e para a formação docente, com metodologias que aproximem mais o discurso da prática docente.
Dynamic modeling, simulation and experimental investigation on cycling-trainers equipped with suspensions considering human biomechanical characteristics
Authors: Zhao Leilei , Yu Yuewei , Zhou Changcheng 
Published: August 2020

At present, to meet the innervation and the comfort of cycling-trainers, the trend of deploying suspension system is still upwards. However, there is no reliable dynamic model for cycling-trainers equipped with suspension systems, and the influence of the suspension damping on the dynamic responses needs to be explored. In this paper, based on a commercially available cycling-trainer with suspension systems, a non-linear dynamic model of trainer-human coupled system was established. According to the bench test, the damping coefficient of suspension dampers was measured. By the cycling test, the dynamic model was validated. The test values of the vertical acceleration of the human lower trunk are in agreement with the simulation values, in which the maximum deviation is less than 15.0 % and the root mean square deviation is less than 8.0 %. Based on the model, the influences of the damper damping on the dynamic responses were analyzed. The results show that the influence laws of the suspension damping characteristics on the human body responses vary greatly under the different riding frequencies, and an optimal damping exists to avoid excessive fatigue caused by vibration under the medium and low frequency riding conditions. The established model and the revealed rules can provide useful reference for the suspension design and optimization of cycling-trainers.
Effects of blunt trailing-edge optimization on aerodynamic characteristics of NREL phase VI wind turbine blade under rime ice conditions
Authors: Zhang Xu , Zhang Xiaoyao , Wang Gege , Li Wei 
Published: August 2020

To reduce the adverse effects of the ice on aerodynamic characteristics, a new NREL Phase VI wind turbine blade which is suitable to rime ice environments is developed through the blunt trailing-edge optimization. The parametric control equations of blunt trailing-edge airfoil are established by adopting the airfoil profile integration theory and B-spline curve, and the curve fitting of the airfoil’s rime ice from LEWICE software is carried out using the linear interpolation algorithm with equidistant and equiangular step lengths. The S809 airfoil under rime ice conditions is optimized to maximize the lift coefficient by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) coupled with GAMBIT and FLUENT, and a NREL Phase VI blade is formed with the optimized airfoil S809-BT (with BT the blunt trailing-edge). The blade’s rime ice is obtained through using the polynomial fitting to deal with projection point coordinates of airfoils’ ice shapes in lagging and flapping surfaces, and the pressure coefficient, flow characteristics, torque and output power of icy sharp and blunt trailing-edge blades are investigated. The results indicate that in rime ice conditions, compared with those of sharp trailing-edge blade, the pressure difference and vortex size of blunt trailing-edge blade become larger, and the torque and output power increase by 4.36 %, 1.55 % and 2.88 % at v= 7 m/s, 15 m/s and 20 m/s, respectively. The research provides significant guidance for improving the aerodynamic performance of wind turbine blade considering the icing effects.
Method and device to investigate the behavior of large rotors under continuously adjustable foundation stiffness
Authors: Viitala Risto , Viitala Raine 
Published: August 2020

Vibration problems have been observed after the installation of large rotating machines, such as electric machines and generators and paper machine rolls. One possible cause can be differences between the foundation stiffness of the installation location and the testing platform where the machine is balanced and optimized. Foundation stiffness exerts a significant effect on the behavior of a rotating system, and the above-mentioned differences can cause major unexpected changes at natural frequencies, and thus resonance. The problem is typical for large machines due to their large mass, which leads to low natural frequencies. This induces situations where these natural frequencies coincide with rotor excitations and cause excessive vibration. This study presents a novel method and a device for adjusting the foundation stiffness of a large rotor system, consequently enabling the investigation of the effect of foundation stiffness on rotor behavior. However, this investigation is restricted to the horizontal axis. The characteristics of the device were analyzed together with a rotor behavior measurement that consisted of versatile measurements of acceleration, force and displacement in different locations inside the rotating system. The device in the presented form is best applied in R&D laboratories and factory acceptance test cells, in which it can be used to predict the behavior of various rotors on different foundations. With the dynamic rotor behavior measurement performed with the device, the natural frequencies and their harmonic components can be presented as a function of foundation stiffness. This information can be used both to optimize rotor behavior in an installation location and also to improve the rotor system behavior in the design phase. The method and device presented in this study can be considered effective and successful, since the natural frequencies of the first two rotor modes could be manipulated freely at a range of 50-100 % by changing the stiffness.
Simulation method of impact load for vehicle drivetrain on durability test rig
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Li Jianbo , Li Wenli 
Published: August 2020

Fatigue and durability tests are important to develop or to optimize the vehicle drivetrain system. Using the vehicle drivetrain road load simulation test rig to reproduce the longitudinal driving load of the vehicle on the real road and the vertical impact load caused when the vehicle is on a bumpy pavement. In order to improve the control accuracy and convergence speed, an iterative learning control (ILC) method is presented. After 10 times of learning, the control error of iterative learning control method is 4.8 %, it is better than the 7.1 % error achieved by proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control. The simulation results demonstrate that the ILC can improve the convergence rate and increase the tracking accuracy than the PID control method.
Induction of Microspore Embryogenesis of Eggplant (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.) ‘Gelatik’
Authors: Pagalla Devi Bunga , Indrianto Ari , Maryani Maryani , Semiarti Endang 
Published: August 2020

The haploid or double haploid plant of eggplants could be produced from microspore culture (embryogenesis of microspores). In the breeding programs, microspore can be developed into an embryo directly after exposure to stress treatment during cultured. Stress (temperature and starvation medium) is an important factor in the induction of embryogenesis microspore. This study aims to induced embryogenic microspores from eggplant CV. Gelatik. The stage late-uninucleate microspore (Vacuolate Microspore/VM) and early binucleate (Young Bicellular Pollen/YBP) are the suitable stages to induce multinucleate structure. There are 3 methods used in this research; 1) Determination of the stage development of microspore based on flower buds length and anther length. 2) Induction of embryogenic microspore on the pre-treatment and starvation medium. 3) After giving pre-treatment for 4 days, micropores were transferred to culture medium A2 at 28oC in dark conditions to induce the multicellular structures. This study reported that 50-68.51% of the VM+YBP stage obtained in the range of flower bud lengths of 10-17 mm, and 5.0-6.9 mm, the range of anther length containing VM+YBP of 50-77.48%. The pre-treatment heat shock at 33oC in the medium B for 2 days, produced embryogenic microspores with a high percentage, that is about 50.19%, while microspores at 25oC and 4oC respectively 46.17% and 49.28%. Pre-treatment for 4 days at 4 oC, 25 oC, and 33oC with the percentage of embryogenic microspores apiece 32.87%, 27.45%, and 37.34%. The multicellular (starlike) structure begins forming on the fifth day of incubation in culture medium (A2) after pre-treatment in B medium at 33oC.
Autecology of An Endemic Palm <i>Pinanga arinasae</i> J.R.Witono in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Iryadi Rajif , Sutomo Sutomo 
Published: August 2020

Nyabah, or Jabah (Pinanga arinasae J.R.Witono) is pinanga or palm which is endemic to Bali. This study aimed to determine the distribution, abundance patterns, and habitat preferences of P. arinasae, and also its natural microclimate on Mount Pengelengan, Bali, on which the species occurred. Field observations were conducted using systematic sampling method. 20 x 20 m plots were made along a transect of forest path on the right and the left, with 100 m distance between plots. Results showed P. arinasae distribution in Mount Pengelengan grows clumped with different abundance in each plot. Microclimate observations (light intensity, humidity relative, and air temperature) each plot varies the effect on the distribution and abundance of P. arinasae. Light intensity is the main factor that regulates the abundance and distribution of P. arinasae and this species has the most abundant on the limited canopy cover area which has high the light intensity at 1319 lux. Autecological data is the first step in conservation efforts.
Risk of Anemia With Metformin Use in Type 2 Diabetes: A MASTERMIND Study
Authors: Donnelly Louise A. , Dennis John M. , Coleman Ruth L. , Sattar Naveed , Hattersley Andrew T. , Holman Rury R. , Pearson Ewan R. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the association between metformin use and anemia risk in type 2 diabetes, and the time-course for this, in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and real-world population data.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin measure of &lt;11 g/dL. In the RCTs A Diabetes Outcome Progression Trial (ADOPT; n = 3,967) and UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS; n = 1,473), logistic regression was used to model anemia risk and nonlinear mixed models for change in hematological parameters. In the observational Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside Scotland (GoDARTS) population (n = 3,485), discrete-time failure analysis was used to model the effect of cumulative metformin exposure on anemia risk.

RESULTS
In ADOPT, compared with sulfonylureas, the odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) for anemia was 1.93 (1.10, 3.38) for metformin and 4.18 (2.50, 7.00) for thiazolidinediones. In UKPDS, compared with diet, the OR (95% CI) was 3.40 (1.98, 5.83) for metformin, 0.96 (0.57, 1.62) for sulfonylureas, and 1.08 (0.62, 1.87) for insulin. In ADOPT, hemoglobin and hematocrit dropped after metformin initiation by 6 months, with no further decrease after 3 years. In UKPDS, hemoglobin fell by 3 years in the metformin group compared with other treatments. At years 6 and 9, hemoglobin was reduced in all treatment groups, with no greater difference seen in the metformin group. In GoDARTS, each 1 g/day of metformin use was associated with a 2% higher annual risk of anemia.

CONCLUSIONS
Metformin use is associated with early risk of anemia in individuals with type 2 diabetes, a finding consistent across two RCTs and replicated in one real-world study. The mechanism for this early fall in hemoglobin is uncertain, but given the time course, is unlikely to be due to vitamin B12 deficiency alone.
Karakteristik Pulp Hasil Pemutihan Dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Hasil Pemasakan Yang Menggunakan Limbah Lindi Hitam Siklus Ketiga
Authors: Sri Hidayati  , Ribut Sugiharto  , Ahmad Sapta Zuidar  
Published: August 2020

Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah agroindustri yang mengandung selulosa sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan pulp. Proses pembuatan pulp dari TKKS secara formacell menghasilkan pulp dengan warna yang masih gelap sehingga memerlukan proses bleaching atau pemutihan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh lama waktu pemutihan dengan menggunakan H2O2 dengan konsentrasi 35% dalam media asam asetat terhadap karakteristik pulp dari TKKS yang dimasak menggunakan proses formacell. Lama waktu pemutihan yang digunakan adalah 0,5, 1, 1,5, 2 dan 2,5 jam dengan menggunakan suhu pemasakan 80oC. Penelitian diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan yang terbaik terjadi pada lama pemutihan selama 2 jam yang menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 79,6%, selulosa 51,08%, bilangan permanganat 6,8 dan skor terhadap warna adalah 4,5 (putih).
Peningkatan Produksi Bawang Merah Dan Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Ultisol Akibat Aplikasi Vermikompos Dan Pupuk Pelengkap
Authors: Nisya Aryani  , Kus Hendarto  , Didin Wiharso  , Ainin Niswati  
Published: August 2020

Tanah Ultisol yang miskin hara menghendaki pupuk organik dan pupuk lengkap untuk memperbaiki pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pemberian pupuk vermikompos, pupuk pelengkap dan interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi bawang merah dan pH tanah, C-organik dan N-total pada tanah Ultisol yang ditanami bawang merah (A. ascalonicum L.). Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK), yang terdiri dari dua faktor, faktor pertama dosis vermikompos dan faktor kedua dosis pupuk pelengkap, seluruh perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pemberian vermikompos 80 g media tanam (4%) lebih baik dibandingkan dengan 40 g per media tanam (2%) mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah serta terjadi peningkatan pH tanah, C-organik dan N-total pada tanah Ultisol. (2) Pemberian pupuk pelengkap dengan konsentrasi 0,5 g L-1 mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah serta terjadi peningkatan pH tanah dan N-total pada tanah Ultisol. (3) Terdapat interaksi antara pemberian vermikompos dan pupuk pelengkap. Pada pemberian vermikompos 80 g per media tanam dan pupuk pelengkap dengan konsentrasi 0,5 g L-1 menghasilkan produksi tertinggi sebesar 112,97 g setara dengan 45 t ha-1. Jika konsentrasi pupuk pelengkap ditingkatkan, maka produksi menurun. Pada pemberian vermikompos 40 g per media tanam dengan konsentrasi pupuk pelengkap semakin tinggi sampai dengan 1,5 g L-1 semua variabel pengamatanakan meningkat.
Kesediaan Petani Melakukan Kemitraan Dimasa Datang: Analisis Heckprobit Pada Petani Ubi Kayu Di Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Wan Abbas Zakaria  , Teguh Endaryanto  , Muhammad Ibnu  , Lina Marlina  
Published: August 2020

Agribisnis ubi kayu memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia (terutama pada sektor pertanian). Namun, agribisnis ubi kayu masih memiliki berbagai tantangan yang perlu diatasi mulai dari subsistem penyediaan sarana produksi, budidaya atau produksi, panen dan pasca panen termasuk pengolahan hasil, kelembagaan, hingga subsistem pemasaran. Kemitraan/partnership antar pelaku dalam agribisnis diyakini sebagai salah satu pendekatan yang berpotensi mendukung pengembangan agribisnis ubi kayu secara berkelanjutan. Beberapa model kemitraan pernah dilakukan, namun saat ini tidak ditemukan lagi adanya kemitraan antar pelaku agribisnis ubi kayu (terutama antara petani dan pabrik) di Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis sebab-sebab berakhirnya kemitraan yang pernah dilakukan, dan (2) menganalisis determinan yang menjadi penentu kesediaan petani untuk melakukan kemitraan dimasa datang. Penelitian dilakukan di sentra produksi ubikayu Provinsi Lampung yakni di Kabupaten Lampung Timur dan Lampung Tengah. Responden diambil secara simple random sampling sebanyak 63 orang petani ubi kayu yang pernah melakukan kemitraan dan 63 orang petani ubi kayu yang belum pernah melakukan kemitraan, Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kuantitatif yang kredibel (regresi heckprobit) dikombinasikan dengan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemitraan pada umumnya berakhir atas kehendak petani dengan alasan petani tidak ingin memiliki beban hutang, sudah banyak agen penjualan ubikayu, kemitraan tidak sesuai dengan isi perjanjian, dan administrasi kemitraan yang buruk. Kesediaan petani untuk melakukan kemitraan dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh variabel ‘hambatan melakukan penjualan ke non-pabrik’ dan ‘jenis komoditi yang ditanam’
The Moderating Role of Dividend Policy on The Influence of Liquidity, Profitability, Leverage, and Investment Opportunity Set Against Stock Return Registered in The Jakarta Islamic Index
Authors: Mufidah Nailul , Sucipto Agus 
Published: August 2020

<p>Stock return is an advantage expected by the investor in the latter days to the number of funds he/she has invested. There are two factors that affect the stock return, namely external and internal factors. The purpose of this study is to analyze the moderating role of dividend policy in the relationship between liquidity, profitability, leverage, and investment opportunity set against the stock return. This research uses a descriptive quantitative method with the population is service companies registered in the Jakarta Islamic Index for 2014-2018 periods. By implementing a purposive sampling technique, this study ended-up with 7 service companies as a sample. Moreover, data analysis is processed with partial least square analysis techniques using the Application WarpPLS 6.0. The results showed that liquidity has significant negative impact on the stock return, profitability and investment opportunity set significantly positively affect the stock return, and leverage has no significant effect on stock return. While the dividend policy strengthens the liquidity relationship to stock return, the dividend policy weakens the leverage relation to the stock return, otherwise, the dividend policy is unable to moderate the profitability relationship and investment opportunity set against the stock return.</p>
STUDY ON CAPACITY OF A TRICKLING FILTER USING BIOCHAR MEDIUM FOR TREATING WASTEWATER FROM AN CUU MARKET IN HUE CITY, VIETNAM
Authors: Cam Yen Nguyen Thi 
Published: August 2020

Pollution caused by market wastewater has occurred for many years in Vietnam. In particular, untreated wastewater from a riverside market is often directly discharged into a river, increasing loads of pollutants for the river. Every day, An Cuu market wastewater is averagely discharged about 19 cubic metres into An Cuu river. However, a wastewater treatment system has not been yet built at the market due to many reasons including the lack of investment capital. A Trickling filter (TF) consisting of a fix bed of biochar is a cost acceptable technology, effectively treating parameters like organic pollutants, nutrients and suspended solids. In this study, a model of TF using biochar medium for An Cuu market wastewater treatment were effectively operated with the organic loading rate (OLR) varying from 188 to 550 gBOD5.m-3.day-1 and the hydraulic loading rate (HLR) from 532 to 1899 L.m-2.day-1. The biochar trickling filter showed high removal efficiencies: 97% BOD5, 92% COD, 97% TSS, 66% PTot and 62% NTot.
HIỆN TRẠNG CANH TÁC VÀ THÀNH PHẦN CÔN TRÙNG TRÊN CÂY CÓI (Cyperus malaccensis Lam) TẠI HUYỆN CÀNG LONG, TỈNH TRÀ VINH
Authors: Ửng Nguyễn Hồng , Thái Đặng Hòa , Nam Phan Quốc , Nương Nguyễn Hồng , Thủy Nguyễn Thị Hồng 
Published: August 2020

Nghiên cứu này nhằm xác định hiện trạng canh tác và thành phần côn trùng trên ruộng cói tại huyện Càng Long, tỉnh Trà Vinh. Phương pháp nghiên cứu gồm điều tra 100 nông hộ đang canh tác cây cói của huyện Càng Long và khảo sát ngoài đồng. Kết quả cho thấy mỗi nông hộ có 2-3 lao động với nhiều kinh nghiệm canh tác (6-20 năm). Trong kỹ thuật canh tác, 100% nông hộ chỉ sử dụng phân hóa học với liều lượng trung bình 280N + 140P2O5 + 110 K20 (kg ha-1) và không sử dụng phân hữu cơ. Dịch hại quan trọng đối với cây cói là sâu đục thân (98% nông hộ) và bệnh đốm vàng (100% nông hộ) với khả năng làm chết cây cói ở tỉ lệ cao và xuất hiện quanh năm và 100% nông hộ sử dụng thuốc hóa học để quản lý. Cây cói cho thu nhập tương đối cao và phần lớn nông hộ không có ý định chuyển sang cây trồng khác (95% nông hộ). Việc canh tác cây cói có nhiều thuận lợi như nông hộ có nhiều kinh nghiệm, thu nhập ổn định và đất đai thích hợp, khó khăn chủ yếu là vấn đề dịch hại và thiếu nước vào mùa khô. Kết quả cũng cho thấy có 11 loài côn trùng gồm 08 loài côn trùng gây hại (0,04 – 51,5 con/m2) và 03 loài côn trùng có ích (0,26 - 1,63 con/m2).
NGHIÊN CỨU MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM SINH HỌC CÁ RÔ CỜ (OSPHRONEMUS EXODON ROBETS, 1994)
Authors: Anh Phan Thị Lệ , Phương Dương Tuấn 
Published: August 2020

Tóm tắt: Nghiên cứu một số đặc điểm sinh học cá Rô cờ (Osphronemus exodon Roberts, 1994) được thực hiện với mẫu cá thu thập ở sông Srêpốk (huyện Buôn Đôn và Ea Súp, tỉnh Đắk Lắk) từ tháng 11/2017 đến tháng 4/2018. Tổng số mẫu là 60 con, khối lượng cá dao động từ 90,9–1.756,1 g/con. Kết quả cho thấy, thân cá hình bầu dục, trên thân có phủ vảy. Răng hàm mở rộng và nằm trên bề mặt của hàm. Tương quan giữa chiều dài và khối lượng của cá là rất chặt chẽ với phương trình W = 0,0178 x L3,0242 (R2 = 0,9881). Cá ăn tạp thiên về động vật, tỷ lệ thực vật chiếm cao nhất 45,9%, đến mùn bả hữu cơ 17,7%, động vật đáy và giáp xác 17,4%, cá 9,2%, và thực vật phù du 1,9%. Độ béo thấp nhất vào tháng 12 là 1,75% (độ béo Fulton) và 1,61% (độ béo Clark), và cao nhất vào tháng 3 đạt 2,10% (độ béo Fulton) và 1,93% (độ béo Clark). Cá thành thục ở tuổi 2+. Chiều dài và khối lượng của cá đực nhỏ nhất thành thục là 37,2 cm và 988,7 g, ở cá cái là 36,5 cm và 875,8 g/con. Mùa vụ sinh sản là mùa mưa, từ tháng 5–9. Sức sinh sản tuyệt đối và tương đối trung bình là 4.069 trứng/cá cái và 2.504 trứng/kg cá cái. Đường kính trứng từ 1,8–2,0 mm.