bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metode Couple Linear Congruential Generator (CLCG) untuk Ujian Sekolah Berbasis Web
Authors: Wadisman Cendra , Nozomi Irohito 
Published: February 2020

IN SMA N 2 Kota Pariaman school exams still use the answer sheet media at the time of publication. After the exam is complete the answer sheet of the exam will also be corrected by the subject teacher who will discuss the students' problems, each student also receives the same question. SMA N 2 Kota Pariaman was chosen as a research location because this school has not used the Application during school exams, it is easy to achieve and economical. The application to be used can randomize randomly so that exam questions can be varied and dynamic. With the application of the application that is expected to carry out school examinations will be better and obtained optimally by students, teachers, school management and parents / guardians of students. For this reason, the authors will conduct research consisting of the design of Computer Based Test applications using the Coupled Linear Congruential Generator (CLCG) method. The development of the Computer Based Test (CBT) model by using a Coupled Linear Congruent Generator (CLCG) can prevent the questioning of questions for students. CLCG is a random number generator based on the Linear Congruent Generator (LCG). CLCG uses the xj matrix to get random numbers. organized by rows and columns. The matrix prefers a range of numbers and has no arithmetic relationship between its elements. The matrix will have different row and column addresses. The value of the elements of the matrix obtained from the process with the Linear Congruent Generator to get as many random numbers as is done. CBT is one way of overcoming questions in each student. The use of LCG in the matrix value element can have a more complicated random pattern. Reducing the question answer key by entering the answer key time after the exam is finished. Languages supported using the CLCG method can optimize student abilities and reduce the level of cheating. Reducing the question answer key by entering the answer key time after the exam is finished.
Keywords: CBT Appliaction, Couple Linear Congruential Generator, Linear Congruential Generator, Random Number, School Exam.
Penggunaan Aplikasi Software Geometer`S Sketchpad pada Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Peningkatan Pemahaman Konsep Transformasi Siswa
Authors: Asmawati Asmawati 
Published: February 2020

The research objective is to improve the ability to understand the concept of material transformation through the implementation of ICT-based learning using the Sketchpad Geometer software for Karai 1 Tebat Middle School students in Kepahiang District. Method, this research is a comparative descriptive study. The sample is grade IX students totaling 30 people. Data analysis uses descriptive comparative analysis. After descriptive comparative continued reflective. The results of the study, an increase from the initial conditions the average value of students from 44.67 to 65.83 in the first cycle and rose to 77.42 in the second cycle. So that from the initial conditions to the first cycle, increased by 44.37%, from the initial conditions to the second cycle increased by 73.33% and classified as high category. The results of observations of student activity increased in the learning process with a high category. Conclusion, the use of ICT-based media using the Sketchpad Geometer Software can improve students' conceptual understanding skills in the transformation of material, and can improve student activities.
Keywords: Geometer`s Sketchpad Software, Concept Understanding
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (Air) terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Luthfiana Maria , Wahyuni Reny 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the completeness of mathematics learning outcomes of VIII grade students of SMP Negeri Selangit after applying the Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR) learning model. The research method, is a quantitative research with quasi-experimental research design (quasi experiment). The sample in this study was grade VIII.4 students consisting of 30 students. Data collection was carried out using test techniques. The test data collected was analyzed using t-test. The results of the study, based on t-test analysis with a significant level α = 0.05, obtained an average test score before the application of the Auditory, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR) learning model was 22.15 and after the application of the Auditory learning model, Intellectually, Repetition (AIR) obtained an average test score of 73.94 with tcount> ttable (2,821)> (1,699). Conclusion, student mathematics learning outcomes after VIII SMP Negeri Selangit after the application of the Auditory, Intellectually, Repitition (AIR) model are significantly completed.
Keywords: Auditory, Learning Outcomes, Intellectually, Repetition
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Matematika Menggunakan Media Berbasis E-Learning
Authors: Lutfiyah Lutfiyah , Sulisawati Dwi Noviani 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to see the effectiveness of the use of e-learning based media in mathematics learning at the Raudlatuth Thalabah Vocational School. Research methods, namely quantitative research with descriptive research designs where data collection uses the test, observation, and questionnaire methods. Data analysis was performed descriptively quantitatively involving 25 students of class X-A. The results of the research and analysis of the data obtained obtained information that each aspect of the ability to manage the learning process, and student activities during learning, learning outcomes of students and the responses students have after participating in learning are good criteria. It can be concluded that mathematics learning using e-learning based media is significantly effective.
Keywords: Effectiveness, E-learning Media, Mathematics Learning
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Menggunakan Pendekatan Matematika Realistik Indonesia Berbasis Konteks Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Adha Idul , Refianti Rani 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to produce student worksheets (LKS) that are validity and practical, and have potential effects on student learning outcomes. The method in this study uses the modified Dick and Carey development method. LKS developed valid based on expert and practical response questionnaires based on student response questionnaires. The potential effects of LKS developed can be seen from the activities of students in working on the questions on the LKS, where students more easily understand the mathematical concepts contained in the LKS and use the concepts appropriately in solving the problems given. The results of the study Of the 23 students who were the subjects of the study obtained 11 people were in the excellent category or around 47.82%. Whereas there are 5 people in katerogy or around 21.73%, enough categories are obtained by 4 people or around 17.39% and the poor category is obtained by 3 people or around 13.04%. It can be concluded that LKS designed using a realistic Indonesian mathematical approach based on the context of South Sumatra has a potential effect on student learning outcomes.
Keywords: PMRI, Student worksheet, Development
Identifikasi Konsep Matematika Melalui Aktivitas Etnomatematika Petani Sawah
Authors: Aulia Laksmi , Rista Lia 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the mathematical concepts through ethnomatematics activities of rice farmers in the community in Blang Jrun village, North Aceh. This research is a type of qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. The subjects of this study were 8 people who work as farmers in Blang Jruen Village, North Aceh Regency. Data collection methods used were interviews, documentation and observation. The results showed that community farmers in Blang Jruen Village indirectly used ethnomatematics activities in rice farming. Ethnomatematic activities used include counting, counting and measuring activities. The most common activity in rice farmers is counting activity. In counting activities many mathematical concepts emerge by the farmers. Like addition; reduction; multiplication; division; worth comparison; and the comparison turned value. Whereas the spelling activity only appears in the mention of the vast rice fields. Measuring activity arises when estimating the distance between one crop and another and estimating the size of rice fields and yields. Conclusion, there are a lot of ethnomatematics activities in farming activities carried out by the Blang Jruen Village community in North Aceh Regency. Ethnomatematics activities include counting, counting and measuring activities. These concepts can be used as inspiration and contextual learning reference material.
Keywords: Ethnomatematics Activities, Mathematical Concepts, Rice Farmers
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS) Menggunakan Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Berbasis Kota Lubuklinggau
Authors: Refianti Rani , Marisa Z Marisa Z , Mandasari Novianti 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop student worksheets (LKS) using the Lubuklinggau city-based Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) on the set material in class VII according to the 2013 curriculum and find out the quality of worksheets developed from the validity, practicality and potential effects of using LKS. The research method used is Research and Development (R&D) research. Development of worksheets using a 4-D model that was modified to a 3-D model. This model consists of 3 stages, namely: the stage of defining (Define), design (Development) and development (Develop) without including the spread (Disseminate) due to time constraints. The results of the study are based on the assessment analysis by the three experts namely: linguists, material experts, and media experts showing that the worksheet fulfills valid criteria with an average score of 3.12. While the results of the analysis of student response questionnaire assessments obtained that the student worksheets meet practical criteria with an average score of 3.55 and have a potential effect of 27 students (84.37%) whose grades reach mastery learning, while 5 students (15.63%) not reached mastery learning. In conclusion, the development of student worksheets using the contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) based on the city of Lubuklinggau is declared valid, practical and has a potential effect on students' mastery learning.
Keywords: Contextual Teaching and Learning, Student Worksheet
Pengembangan LKS Berbasis PMRI Menggunakan Konteks Etnomatematika pada Materi SPLDV
Authors: Prabawati Rini , Yanto Yufitri , Mandasari Novianti 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop a realistic worksheet using the Ethnomatematics on SPLDV material and to determine the quality of worksheets in terms of validity and practicality. The method used in this study is the Research and Dependency (R&D) method which is a developmental study referring to the 4-D development model, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate modified to 3-D. The instruments used to measure the quality of worksheets that were developed include validation sheets, and practicality questionnaires. The product of this research is a realistic worksheet using ethnomatematics context on SPLDV material with the advice of eighth grade students of junior high school. The results showed that: (1) the quality of worksheets seen from the validity aspects included in the valid category with an overall average score of 3.06; and (2) the quality of worksheets seen from the practical aspect is categorized very practical with an overall average score of 3.5. Conclusion, the development of PMRI-based worksheets in the context of ethnomatematics in SPLDV material was declared valid and practically used by students.
Keywords: Ethnomatematics worksheet, PMRI, SPLDV
COOPERATIVE LEARNING DESIGN IN WEB MEDIA: CONCEPTUAL REVIEW
Authors: Sjafei Irna , Muslim Suyitno , Soekardjo Moch. 
Published: February 2020

This paper proposes the conceptual feasibility of designing cooperative learning on web media. Web-based cooperative learning is done by incorporating elements of cooperative learning on the web. Various cooperative learning studies are used as a basis for building cooperative learning steps designed. Preparation before implementing cooperative learning on a website plays an important role. The initial process of preparing cooperative learning on the web: 1) Preparing data about students, 2) Developing an activity plan including objectives, 3) Determining teaching materials, 4) Organizing groups of students, 5) Planning weight values, 6) Determining action instruments (observation sheets, learning outcomes test, questionnaire about learning responses).
The results of the study formulate cooperative learning steps on the web using forum chat facilities: 1) Present goals and instruction sets; 2) Arrange students to become learning teams; 3) Helping team work and learning; 4) Test material; 5) Give recognition.
Perioperative pain management in elderly patients with а proximal femoral fracture: evidence review
Authors: Romanenko Anastasiia , Кучин Юрій , Бєлка Катерина , Токар Ігор 
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this article is to compare different methods of analgesia during perioperative period in elderly patients with а proximal femoral fracture. The incidence of hip fracture is high and also rises with the age, for example, In Great Britain, number of patients with a hip fracture will be approximately 100 000 in 2033, and it’s also associated with significant healthcare financing. Nevertheless, effective pain management is a big challenge for clinicians because of considerable problems in geriatric patients, including age, physiological changes in the elderly, preexisting comorbidities, cognitive impairment, high risk of delirium, problems with rehabilitation and probability of an independent life [12]. Opioids are still the main option for hip fracture pain management, despite differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in elderly patients, which are correlated with high frequency of side effects. Opioid-related adverse drug events are associated with worse patient outcomes such as morbidity, mortality and length of stay increase. Therefore, peripheral nerve blocks as part of multimodal analgesic technique can provide more effective pain control after hip fracture. Comprehensive literature searches focus on the use of peripheral nerves blocks as preoperative analgesia, as postoperative analgesia or as a supplement to general anesthesia for hip fracture surgery.
Early postoperative MRI and detection of residual adenoma after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery
Authors: Alhilali Lea M. , Little Andrew S. , Yuen Kevin C. J. , Lee Jae , Ho Timothy K. , Fakhran Saeed , White William L. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVECurrent practice guidelines recommend delayed (≥ 3 months after operation) postoperative MRI after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas, although this practice defers obtaining important information, such as the presence of a residual adenoma, that might influence patient management during the perioperative period. In this study, the authors compared detection of residual adenomas by means of early postoperative (EPO) MRI (< 48 hours postsurgery) with both surgeon intraoperative assessment and late postoperative (LPO) MRI at 3 months.METHODSAdult patients who underwent microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas with MRI preoperatively, < 48 hours after the operation, 3 months postoperatively, and yearly for 4 years were included. The presence or absence of residual tumor was assessed intraoperatively by a single surgeon and postoperatively by 2 neuroradiologists blinded to the intraoperative assessment and other postoperative imaging studies. The presence of residual tumor was confirmed by reresection, tumor growth on imaging, or hormonal evidence. Interreader reliability was calculated at each imaging time point. Specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for EPO and LPO imaging and intraoperative assessment were determined.RESULTSIn total, 102 consecutive patients who underwent microscopic transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary adenoma were included. Eighteen patients (18%) had confirmed residual tumors (12 confirmed by tumor growth, 5 by surgery, and 1 by biochemical evidence of persistent disease). Interreader reliability for detecting residual tumor on EPO MRI was almost perfect (κ = 0.88) and significantly higher than that for LPO MRI (κ = 0.69, p = 0.03). EPO MRI was highly specific for residual tumor (98%), a finding similar to that for intraoperative assessment (99%, p = 0.60) and significantly higher than that for LPO MRI (81%, p < 0.001). Notably, EPO MRI was significantly more sensitive for residual tumor (100%) than both intraoperative assessment (78%, p = 0.04) and LPO MRI (78%, p = 0.04). EPO MRI had a 100% negative predictive value and was used to find 4 residual tumors that were not identified intraoperatively. Residual tumors found on EPO MRI allowed for reresection during the same hospitalization for 3 patients.CONCLUSIONSEPO MRI after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery can be reliably interpreted and has greater sensitivity for detecting residual tumor than intraoperative assessment and LPO MRI. This result challenges current guidelines stating that delayed postoperative imaging is preferable to early imaging. Pituitary surgeons should consider performing EPO MRI either in addition to or instead of delayed imaging.
Cranial flap fixation in sheep using a resorbable bone adhesive
Authors: Foley Kevin T. , Woodard Eric J. , Slotkin Jonathan R. , Mayotte Cassandra K. , Baldwin Abigail C. , Brown Michael C. , Hess Brian J. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEThe authors’ goal in this study was to investigate the use of a novel, bioresorbable, osteoconductive, wet-field mineral-organic bone adhesive composed of tetracalcium phosphate and phosphoserine (TTCP-PS) for cranial bone flap fixation and compare it with conventional low-profile titanium plates and self-drilling screws.METHODSAn ovine craniotomy surgical model was used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of TTCP-PS over 2 years. Bilateral cranial defects were created in 41 sheep and were replaced in their original position. The gaps (kerfs) were completely filled with TTCP-PS (T1 group), half-filled with TTCP-PS (T2 group), or left empty and the flaps fixated by plates and screws as a control (C group). At 12 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years following surgery, the extent of bone healing, local tissue effects, and remodeling of the TTCP-PS were analyzed using macroscopic observations and histopathological and histomorphometric analyses. Flap fixation strength was evaluated by biomechanical testing at 12 weeks and 1 year postoperatively.RESULTSNo adverse local tissue effects were observed in any group. At 12 weeks, the bone flap fixation strengths in test group 1 (1689 ± 574 N) and test group 2 (1611 ± 501 N) were both statistically greater (p = 0.01) than that in the control group (663 ± 385 N). From 12 weeks to 1 year, the bone flap fixation strengths increased significantly (p < 0.05) for all groups. At 1 year, the flap fixation strength in test group 1 (3240 ± 423 N) and test group 2 (3212 ± 662 N) were both statistically greater (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively) than that in the control group (2418 ± 1463 N); however, there was no statistically significant difference in the strengths when comparing the test groups at both timepoints. Test group 1 had the best overall performance based on histomorphometric evaluation and biomechanical testing. At 2 years postoperatively, the kerfs filled with TTCP-PS had histological evidence of osteoconduction and replacement of TTCP-PS by bone with nearly complete osteointegration.CONCLUSIONSTTCP-PS was demonstrated to be safe and effective for cranial flap fixation in an ovine model. In this study, the bioresorbable, osteoconductive bone adhesive appeared to have multiple advantages over standard plate-and-screw bone flap fixation, including biomechanical superiority, more complete and faster bony healing across the flap kerfs without fibrosis, and the minimization of bone flap and/or hardware migration and loosening. These properties of TTCP-PS may improve human cranial bone flap fixation and cranioplasty.
Objective quantification of contrast enhancement of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a high-resolution vessel wall imaging validation study
Authors: Roa Jorge A. , Zanaty Mario , Osorno-Cruz Carlos , Ishii Daizo , Bathla Girish , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Hasan David M. , Samaniego Edgar A. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEHigh-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) has emerged as a valuable tool in assessing unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). There is no standardized method to quantify contrast enhancement of the aneurysm wall. Contrast enhancement can be objectively measured as signal intensity (SI) or subjectively adjudicated. In this study, the authors compared the different methods to quantify wall enhancement of UIAs and determined the sensitivity and specificity of each method as a surrogate of aneurysm instability. They also compared SI quantification between scanners from different manufacturers.METHODSThe University of Iowa HR-VWI Project database was analyzed. This database compiles patients with UIAs who prospectively underwent HR-VWI using a 3T MRI scanner. The mean and maximal SI values of the aneurysm wall, pituitary stalk, and genu of the corpus callosum were used to compare 3 different measurement methods: 1) aneurysm enhancement ratio AER = (SIwall post − SIwall pre)/SIwall pre; 2) aneurysm-to–pituitary stalk contrast ratio CRstalk = SIwall post/SIstalk post; and 3) aneurysm enhancement index AEI = ([SIwall post/SIbrain post] − [SIwall pre/SIbrain pre])/(SIwall pre/SIbrain pre) (where “pre” indicates precontrast images and “post” indicates postcontrast images). Size ≥ 7 mm was used as a surrogate of aneurysm instability for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. To determine if the objective quantification of SI varies among scanners from different manufacturers, 9 UIAs underwent the same HR-VWI protocol using a 3T General Electric (GE) scanner and a 3T Siemens scanner. Three UIAs also underwent a third scanning procedure on a unit with a different magnet strength (7T GE).RESULTSEighty patients with 102 UIAs were included in the study. The mean age was 64.5 ± 12.2 years, and 64 (80%) patients were women. UIAs ≥ 7 mm had significantly higher SIs than smaller UIAs (< 7 mm): AER = 0.82 vs 0.49, p < 0.001; CRstalk = 0.84 vs 0.61, p < 0.001; and AEI = 0.81 vs 0.48, p < 0.001. ROC curves demonstrated optimal sensitivity of 81.5% for CRstalk ≥ 0.60, 75.9% for AEI ≥ 0.50, and 74.1% for AER ≥ 0.49. Intermanufacturer correlation between 3T GE and 3T Siemens MRI scanners for CRstalk using mean and maximal SI values was excellent (Pearson coefficients > 0.80, p < 0.001). A similar correlation was identified among the 3 UIAs that underwent 7T imaging.CONCLUSIONSCRstalk using maximal SI values was the most reliable objective method to quantify enhancement of UIAs on HR-VWI. The same ratios were obtained between different manufacturers and on scans obtained using magnets of different strengths.