bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive and anxiety symptoms, quality of sleep, and coping during the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic in general population in Kashmir
Authors: Bhat Bilal Ahmad , Mir Rouf Ahmad , Hussain Arshad , Shah Iqra Rasheed 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundWith uncertainty surrounding the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic, there is no knowledge of the psychological impact of this pandemic on the general public from Kashmir. We aimed to understand the psychological impact in the form of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, quality of sleep, and coping during this pandemic.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted using social networking sites. The questionnaire meant for this study was sent as a link to a respondent. Initial part of questionnaire collected the socio-demographic details of the respondents. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the quality of sleep. There was also an open-ended question to look for coping skills used.ResultsThe majority of our respondents were below 45 years (around 95%) with 54.9% from 18 to 30 years age group. 72.3% were males and 27.7% were females. 58.7% were from rural background. 55.7% were employed, and 32.2% were students. In our respondents, 55% had anxiety symptoms, 55% had depressive symptoms, around 53% had poor quality of sleep, and around 30% of used maladaptive coping skills. Significant depressive symptoms were there in the younger age group, 18–30 years (p= 0.03). Significant depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms were present in females (p= 0.01 and 0.006, respectively). In urban population, significant anxiety symptoms (p= 0.03) were present. The mean score for anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms was 8.05 ± 4.53 and 8.07 ± 4.56, respectively. Mean global PSQI score was 6.90 ± 3.82 and was positively correlated with score on depressive symptom scale (p= 0.001) as well as score on anxiety symptom scale (p= 0.001).ConclusionYounger people, females, those living in urban conditions, and those using maladaptive coping skills are likely to have anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms as well as poor quality of sleep.
Scaling up newborn care technologies from tertiary- to secondary-level hospitals in Malawi: an implementation case study of health professional perspectives on bubble CPAP
Authors: Kinshella Mai-Lei Woo , Salimu Sangwani , Hiwa Tamanda , Banda Mwai , Vidler Marianne , Newberry Laura , Dube Queen , Molyneux Elizabeth M. , Goldfarb David M. , Kawaza Kondwani , Nyondo-Mipando Alinane Linda 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
While Malawi has achieved success in reducing overall under-five mortality, reduction of neonatal mortality remains a persistent challenge. There has, therefore, been a push to strengthen the capacity for quality newborn care at district hospitals through the implementation of innovative neonatal technologies such as bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). This study investigates tertiary- versus secondary-level hospital differences in capacities for bubble CPAP use and implications for implementation policies.

Methods
A secondary analysis of interviews was conducted with 46 health workers at one tertiary hospital and three secondary hospitals in rural Southern Malawi. Grounded theory was utilized to explore the emerging themes according to health worker cadres (nurse, clinician, district health management) and facility level (tertiary- and secondary-level facilities), which were managed using NVivo 12 (QSR International, Melbourne, Australia).

Results
We identified frequent CPAP use and the availability of neonatal nurses, physicians, and reliable electricity as facilitators for CPAP use at the tertiary hospital. Barriers at the tertiary hospital included initiation eligibility disagreements between clinicians and nurses and insufficient availability of the CPAP machines. At secondary-level hospitals, the use was supported by decision-making and initiation by nurses, involving caretakers to assist in monitoring and reliable availability of CPAP machines. Bubble CPAP was hindered by unreliable electricity, staffing shortages and rotation policies, and poor systems of accountability.

Conclusion
While this study looked at the implementation of bubble CPAP in Malawi, the findings may be applicable for scaling up other novel neonatal technologies in low-resource settings. Implementation policies must consider staffing and management structures at different health services levels for effective scale-up.
Oxidative stress and anti-oxidants in asymptomatic malaria-positive patients: a hospital-based cross-sectional Nigerian study
Authors: Babalola Ayodele S. , Jonathan J. , Michael Boluwatife E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic malaria is a threat to malaria eradication program. Host-related factors (e.g., immunity, oxidative stress, anti-oxidants activities) associated with asymptomatic malaria remain a gray area in research. This study seeks to determine the serum level of oxidative stress and anti-oxidants in 130 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with different intensities of malaria parasite infection from a hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Results
The prevalence of infection was 48.5% among the respondents. Most of the patients with parasitemia were asymptomatic (64.7%). The mean titer value of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among those with malaria infection (6.05 ± 0.60) compared with those who tested negative for malaria parasites (2.38 ± 0.28). Furthermore, the mean titer value of MDA was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among patients who showed symptoms of malaria (5.49 ± 0.77) compared with those without symptoms (2.93 ± 0.47). A strong positive relationship existed between MDA (r = 0.717, p < 0.05), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (r = 0.695, p < 0.05), and density of infection. On the other hand, a weak negative correlation existed between intensity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (r = − 0.115, p > 0.05) and glutathione (GSH) (r = − 0.278, p > 0.05). The level of SOD and GSH also decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with an increase in MDA level.

Conclusions
This study showed that lipid peroxidation did not only increase in positive patients, it also rises in patients with clinical symptoms of malaria. Furthermore, a similar level of anti-oxidant responses was observed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria patients. There is a need to inform health policies that encourage routine diagnosis and treatment of malaria in apparently healthy people if the malaria elimination goal is to be achieved in Africa.
Comparative study between fascia lata and temporalis fascia in myringoplasty
Authors: Abdel Fattah Ayman Ali , Elasy Abdel Hay Rashad , Hoseini Ahmed Helmy , Abdel Hafez Tarek Abdel Rahman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundRepair of a perforated tympanic membrane (myringoplasty) can facilitate normal middle ear function, resist infection, and help re-establish normal hearing. Autogenous graft materials are the most popular graft materials used in myringoplasty because of their easy acceptability by the body. This study is conducted to compare between temporalis fascia graft and fascia lata graft in myringoplasty for patients with tubo-tympanic dry perforation.ResultsA total of 60 patients with persistent dry tympanic membrane perforation were included in our study during the period from January 2018 to May 2020. Patients underwent myringoplasty with temporalis fascia (30 patients as group A) or fascia lata (30 patients as group B). Patients were scheduled for follow-up visits concerning graft status, ear discharge, and audiograms. The mean postoperative air-bone gap in group A was 17.5 ± 4 after 1 month and 8.6 ± 6.9 after 3 months, while in group B, the mean postoperative air-bone gap was 17.6 ± 4.9 after 1 month and 9.4 ± 7.5 after 3 months. There was 90% success in graft uptake in group A, while there was 80% success in group B.ConclusionUsing temporalis fascia is still the best and most trustworthy technique of myringoplasty compared to fascia lata graft. However, fascia lata can be a good alternative to temporalis fascia especially in cases of revision myringoplasty, ears having large perforation, or near-total perforation where the chances of residual perforation are high because of the limited margin of remnant tympanic membrane overlapping the graft.
Changes in subcellular structures and states of pumilio 1 regulate the translation of target Mad2 and cyclin B1 mRNAs
Authors: Takei Natsumi , Takada Yuki , Kawamura Shohei , Sato Keisuke , Saitoh Atsushi , Bormann Jenny , Yuen Wai Shan , Carroll John , Kotani Tomoya 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Temporal and spatial control of mRNA translation has emerged as a major mechanism for promoting diverse biological processes. However, the molecular nature of temporal and spatial control of translation remains unclear. In oocytes, many mRNAs are deposited as a translationally repressed form and are translated at appropriate times to promote the progression of meiosis and development. Here, we show that changes in subcellular structures and states of the RNA-binding protein pumilio 1 (Pum1) regulate the translation of target mRNAs and progression of oocyte maturation. Pum1 was shown to bind to Mad2 (also known as Mad2l1) and cyclin B1 mRNAs, assemble highly clustered aggregates, and surround Mad2 and cyclin B1 RNA granules in mouse oocytes. These Pum1 aggregates were dissolved prior to the translational activation of target mRNAs, possibly through phosphorylation. Stabilization of Pum1 aggregates prevented the translational activation of target mRNAs and progression of oocyte maturation. Together, our results provide an aggregation-dissolution model for the temporal and spatial control of translation.
SMARCA2 is regulated by NORFA–miR-29c, a novel pathway that controls granulosa cell apoptosis and is related to female fertility
Authors: Du Xing , Liu Lu , Wu Wangjun , Li Pinghua , Pan Zengxiang , Zhang Lifan , Liu Jiying , Li Qifa 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
SMARCA2, an evolutionarily conserved catalytic ATPase subunit of SWI/SNF complexes, has been implicated in development and diseases; however, its role in mammalian ovarian function and female fertility is unknown. Here, we identified and characterized the 3′-UTR of the porcine SMARCA2 gene and identified a novel adenylate number variation. Notably, this mutation was significantly associated with sow litter size traits and SMARCA2 levels, due to its influence on the stability of SMARCA2 mRNA in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). Immunohistochemistry and functional analysis showed that SMARCA2 is involved in the regulation of follicular atresia by inhibiting GC apoptosis. In addition, miR-29c, a pro-apoptotic factor, was identified as a functional miRNA that targets SMARCA2 in GCs and mediates regulation of SMARCA2 expression via the NORFA–SMAD4 axis. Although a potential miR-29c-responsive element was identified within NORFA, negative regulation of miR-29c expression by NORFA was not due to activity as a competing endogenous RNA. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that SMARCA2 is a candidate gene for sow litter size traits, because it regulates follicular atresia and GC apoptosis. Additionally, we have defined a novel candidate pathway for sow fertility, the NORFA–TGFBR2–SMAD4–miR-29c–SMARCA2 pathway.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Sensing the structural characteristics of surfaces: texture encoding by a bottom-dwelling fish
Authors: Hardy Adam R. , Hale Melina E. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The texture of contacted surfaces influences our perception of the physical environment and modulates behavior. Texture perception and its neural encoding mechanisms have traditionally been studied in the primate hand, yet animals of all types live in richly textured environments and regularly interact with textured surfaces. Here we explore texture sensation in a different type of vertebrate limb by investigating touch and potential texture encoding mechanisms in the pectoral fins of fishes, the forelimb homologs. We investigated the pectoral fins of the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), a bottom-dwelling species that lives on substrate types of varying roughness and whose fins frequently contact the bottom. Analysis shows that the receptive field sizes of fin ray afferents are small and afferents exhibit response properties to tactile motion that are consistent with those of primates and other animals studied previously. In response to a periodic stimulus (coarse gratings), afferents phase lock to the stimulus temporal frequency and thus can provide information about surface texture. These data demonstrate that fish can have the capability to sense the tactile features of their near range physical environment with fins.
Structure and Properties Characterization of Amphiphilic Dendrons Modified Lipid Membrane
Authors: Han Jin , Iimure Yosuke , Okamoto Yukihiro , Suga Keishi , Umakoshi Hiroshi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Coassembly of lipids and polyamidoamine amphiphilic dendrons (AD) is expected to provide desirable characteristics to drug delivery carriers. However, there have been few studies about structure and properties of these coassemblies. In this study, coassemblies (lipid-AD) were prepared by different generation and composition ratio of AD, and then the structure and their properties were characterized, especially fluidity and hydration state. In conclusion, generation of AD showed significant influence on coassembly structure and hydration state.
Phase Behavior, Ionic Conductivity, and Current-Voltage Response of Imogolite Gel Swelled in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Shikinaka Kazuhiro , Koike Honami , Tominaga Yoichi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, phase behavior, ionic conductivity, and current-voltage response were evaluated for gels consisting of imogolite nanotubes crosslinked by dicarboxylic acid in ionic liquid to obtain knowledge for designing their physical and electrochemical properties. The phase behavior and ionic conductivity of the gels vary depending on structure of dicarboxylic acid and polarity of solvent. Furthermore, definite current response of the gel was confirmed against voltage application.
The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on meeting needs for family planning: a global scenario by contraceptive methods used
Authors: Dasgupta Aisha , Kantorová Vladimíra , Ueffing Philipp 
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 crisis could leave significant numbers of women and couples without access to essential sexual and reproductive health care. This research note analyses differences in contraceptive method mix across Sustainable Development Goal regions and applies assumed method-specific declines in use (from 0 per cent to 20 per cent) to produce an illustrative scenario of the potential impact of COVID-19 on contraceptive use and on the proportion of the need for family planning satisfied by modern methods. Globally, it had been estimated that 77 per cent of women of reproductive age (15-49 years) would have their need for family planning satisfied with modern contraceptive methods in 2020. However, taking into account the potential impact of COVID-19 on method-specific use, this could fall to 71 per cent, resulting in around 60 million fewer users of modern contraception worldwide in 2020. Overall declines in contraceptive use will depend on the methods used by women and their partners and on the types of disruptions experienced. The analysis concludes with the recommendation that countries should include family planning and reproductive health services in the package of essential services and develop strategies to ensure that women and couples are able to exercise their reproductive rights during the COVID-19 crisis.
Visualization by P-flow: gradient- and feature-based optical flow and vector fields extracted from image analysis
Authors: Suzuki Wataru , Hiyama Atsushi , Ichinohe Noritaka , Yamashita Wakayo , Seno Takeharu , Takeichi Hiroshige 
Published: November 2020

We proposed a method for extracting the optical flow suitable for
visualization, pseudo-flow (P-flow), from a natural movie
[Exp. Brain
Res. 237, 3321
(2019)EXBRAP0014-481910.1007/s00221-019-05674-0]. The P-flow
algorithm comprises two stages: (1) extraction of a local motion
vector field from two successive frames and (2) tracking of vectors
between two successive frame pairs. In this study, we show that while
P-flow takes a feature (vector) tracking approach, it is also
classified as a gradient-based approach that satisfies the brightness
constancy constraint. We also incorporate interpolation and a corner
detector to address the shortcomings associated with the two
approaches.
Dos “Livros & Telas”: Possibilidades de Leitura na Era Digital
Authors: Przybylski Mauren Pavão 
Published: November 2020

Recensão de Aracy Alves Martins, Maria Zélia Versiani Machado, Graça Paulino e Célia Abicalil Belmiro (orgs), Livros & telas. Belo Horizonte: Editora da UFMG, 2011, 262 pp. 978-8570418791.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-2_15
Identification of the factors influencing the profitability of the Hungarian beer industry
Authors: Jantyik Lili , Török Áron , Balogh Jeremiás Máté 
Published: November 2020

Beer consumption and beer industry is an important beverage sector in Hungary because the beer is the most consumed alcoholic beverage in the country according to WHO studies. During history, breweries developed in different size and different values. The Hungarian beer industry can be divided into three groups of breweries: old large scale breweries, old microbreweries and new wave microbreweries. In this paper, we examine the factors influencing the economic performance of the Hungarian beer industry based on panel data of all active Hungarian breweries in 2018 (121 breweries), for the period of 2009-2017. The study applied panel-data linear models by using feasible generalized least squares with error structure with no cross-sectional correlation option. The economic performance is measured by companies’ turnover, EBIT and profit, which were used as dependent variables. The following explanatory variables were applied in the model: age of brewery (number of closed business years), Social Media activity (FB likes of company page), geographical location (distance from Budapest in km), direct sales (represent own pub/direct sales channel), impact of tax reduction (small beer companies pay 50% less tax since 2012). Regression results have shown a number of determinants of the economic performance of Hungarian breweries, and the estimations are valid for all profitability indicators included (turnover, EBIT and profit). As in previous research, we have come to the conclusion that if the company survives the early years of operation, we can expect profitable activity. Since the ratio of early bankruptcy among Hungarian brewers is still very high, the fluctuation between smaller breweries strongly determines the industry.The benefits of short food supply chains (both physical distance and number of intermediaries) are also prevalent in the beer industry. Breweries with direct sales channels (mostly their own pubs) showed significantly higher sales, EBIT and profits compared to those selling their products by third parties. Breweries situated in Budapest are the most profitable, because the capital city provides a higher demand for high-quality beer, in contrast, the distance from the capital city has a negative impact on the firm’s success.The Social Media activity, often used as the only promotion channel for the microbreweries, has a positive impact on the brewery’s profitability. Finally, tax reduction for small breweries introduced in 2012 by the Hungarian government had the most important positive impact on industrial profitability, especially in the case of microbreweries. It seems the government aim to support small scale beer production has been successful because it helped the survival of the Hungarian microbreweries.
Possible routes of the chinese new silk road - can the V4 countries benefit?
Authors: Maró Zalán Márk , Jámbor Attila , Török Áron 
Published: November 2020

The Ancient Silk Road was created 2100 years ago during the Han Dynasty (I-II century BC) to promote trade between China and Europe. The road was more than 7,000 km long and served as a catalyst for development for many centuries. After the 15th century, the Silk Road – and, at the same time, China's dominant role – lost its significance due to geographical discoveries. The dramatic fall in technology and the cost of transportation has led to the Silk Road being forgotten today.
The New Silk Road Initiative (also named ‘One Belt, One Road’ concept) has been China's greatest economic effort ever, with the main objective of stimulating economic development in Asia, Europe and Africa. It consists of two parts: the Belt will rely on major cities along the route that will carry some kind of central economic and commercial functions; while the Road is based on large ports, which together will result in a safe and efficient logistics route.The concept would affect 64% of the world's population (4.4 billion people) and would cover 30% of the world's GDP ($ 21 trillion). In recent years, China's economic growth has slowed down, and Chinese goods have become more and more expensive to rely on their main competitive advantage, the low price. This trend points to the need to examine the possibilities of making the transport of goods more efficient. Asia-Europe rail trade accounts for between 3% and 3.5% of total trade between the continents. It follows that 95-96% of the trade between the two continents is carried out at sea. The exact routes of the New Silk Road Initiative have not yet been fully defined but will consist of several land and sea transport routes. We made a systematic literature review to identify the possible paths of the New Silk Road. The initial search obtained 1.739 entries across all databases, which ended up in 49 relevant publications, but in this study we used only 17 publications due to the specificity of the topicAccording to the majority of the literature, the New Silk Road would consist of three general land routes. The first land route from China to Central Asia and Russia would reach Europe through the Baltic Sea. The second route would run through Central-, West Asia, the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean and Central Europe. This route would affect the V4 countries, especially Hungary. The third route would run through Southeast and South Asia to the Indian Ocean. The Maritime Silk Road would start from the coasts of China through the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean to Africa and Europe; as well as from the Chinese coastal ports through the South China Sea to the Pacific Ocean.