bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Detailed Biological and Chemical Investigation of Sixteen Achillea Species’ Essential Oils via Chemometric Approach
Authors: Yener Ismail , Yilmaz Mustafa Abdullah , Olmez Ozge Tokul , Akdeniz Mehmet , Tekin Fetullah , Hasimi Nesrin , Alkan Mehmet Huseyin , Ozturk Mehmet , Ertas Abdulselam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRepresentatives of the Achillea genus are widely used as foods or nutraceuticals. Considering the increasing demand for herbal dietary supplements with health promoting effects, the objective of this research was to evaluate the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils obtained from sixteen Achillea species (A. biebersteinii, A. wilhelmsii subsp. wilhelmsii, A. aleppica subsp. zederbaueri, A. vermicularis, A. monocephala, A. nobilis, A. goniocephala, A. sintenisii, A. coarctata, A. kotschyi subsp. kotschyi, A. millefolium subsp. millefolium, A. lycaonica, A. spinulifolia, A. teretifolia, A. setacea, and A. schischkinii). Anticholinesterase, antiurease, antityrosinase enzymes inhibition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, toxic and cytotoxic activities of obtained essential oils were investigated. DPPH activities were found to be very low in all studied samples, while ABTS and CUPRAC antioxidant activities were found to be moderate. In addition, all samples were found to have moderate anticholinesterase and antimicrobial effects. It has been determined that the studied species have low cytotoxicity and high toxicity. Besides, chemical composition of the essential oils were determined by GC/MS and the results were chemometrically analyzed. The chemometric analyses of Achillea species collected from nine different regions were accomplished by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) techniques. According to the PCA analysis, A. nobilis subsp. neilreichii was found to be different from all studied species in terms of essential oil composition. The major components found in these species were piperitone, camphor, α‐terpinene, eucalyptol, artemisia ketone, endo‐borneol, β‐eudesmol and verbenol. The fact that camphor was toxic and found in majority of the studied species stands out as a remarkable result.
Antiepileptic drug optimization using ambulatory electrocorticographic data from an implanted brain‐responsive neurostimulator
Authors: Tjong Elysia , Peng Yen‐Yi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEffectiveness of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) has been traditionally monitored by patient‐reported seizures. A 31‐year‐old male patient was treated with a responsive neurostimulation system (RNS). The ambulatory electrocorticographic data were used to guide AED choice and dosing in achieving subsidence of disabling seizures and minimization of the adverse effects of polypharmacy.
An Aqueous Hybrid Zinc‐Bromine Battery with High Voltage and Energy Density
Authors: Yuan Xinhai , Mo Jun , Huang Jie , Liu Jun , Liu Canming , Zeng Xianxiang , Zhou Wenxin , Yue Junpei , Wu Xiongwei , Wu Yuping 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe zinc‐bromine redox flow battery (ZBB) is an ideal device of energy storage systems. Nevertheless, its energy density is relatively low compared to those of Li‐ion batteries, due to its low output voltage. Herein, a high‐voltage aqueous hybrid zinc‐bromine battery system (AHZBBs) was developed, where K+‐conducting membrane was used to segregate neutral‐alkaline hybrid electrolytes and redox couples of Br2/Br−and [Zn(OH)4]2−/Zn at the positive and negative electrode. Benefited from an efficient and stable cathode catalyst (carbon‐manganite nanoflakes), this AHZBB delivered a high average output voltage of 2.15 V and energy density of 276.7 Wh/kg without capacity attenuation after 200 cycles. More importantly, this work provides an efficient avenue to elevating the output voltage and energy density, and will strongly encourage studies on redox flow batteries.
Bipolar Electrochemistry Exfoliation of Layered Metal Chalcogenides Sb2S3 and Bi2S3 and their Hydrogen Evolution Applications
Authors: Tan Shu Min , Mayorga‐Martinez Carmen C. , Sofer Zdeněk , Pumera Martin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEfficient exfoliation and downsizing of Sb2S3 and Bi2S3 layered compounds by using scalable bipolar electrochemistry on their suspensions in aqueous media are here demonstrated. The resulting samples were characterized in detail by transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy; their electrochemistry toward hydrogen evolution was also investigated. Hydrogen evolution ability of exfoliated Sb2S3 and Bi2S3 was investigated and compared to the bulk counterparts.
Metallacarboranes as Photoredox Catalysts in Water
Authors: Guerrero Isabel , Kelemen Zsolt , Viñas Clara , Romero Isabel , Teixidor Francesc 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMetallacarboranes with the shape of the Greek letter θ, such as [Co(C2B9H11)2]−, were tested, for the first time, as efficient photoredox catalysts in the oxidation of aromatic and aliphatic alcohols in water. Their efficiency is linked to their high solubility in water, their high oxidizing power (Co4+/3+), and their absence of fluorescence on excitation, among others. In most of the studied examples, using a catalyst load of 0.4 mol % gave high yields of 90–95 % with selectivity greater than 99 %. By reducing the catalyst load to 0.01 mol %, quantitative conversion of reactants to products was achieved, in some cases with greater than 99 % yield, high catalyst efficiency reaching a turnover number of 10 000, and a higher yield with a 45 times lower concentration of catalyst. The metallacarboranes can be recovered easily by precipitation on addition of [NMe4]Cl. A pathway for the photoredox‐catalyzed oxidation of alcohols is proposed.
Hydrogen Production System by Light‐Induced α‐FeOOH Coupled with Photoreduction
Authors: Yamada Tetsuya , Suzuki Norihiro , Nakata Kazuya , Terashima Chiaki , Matsushita Nobuhiro , Okada Kiyoshi , Fujishima Akira , Katsumata Ken‐ichi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Tetsuya Yamada, Ken‐ichi Katsumata and co‐workers at Tokyo Institute of Technology and Tokyo University of Science. The image depicts rust producing hydrogen and purifying the pollutants at the same time by photocatalytic reaction. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201903642.
Chemical‐looping gasification of coal with CuFe2O4 oxygen carriers: The reaction characteristics and structural evolution
Authors: An Mei , Guo Qingjie , Ma Jingjing , Hu Xiude 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, coal gasification to produce synthesis gas by chemical looping was investigated with CuFe2O4 oxygen carriers (OCs), including the reaction characteristics and structural evolution process. It was found that the presence of a CuFe2O4 OC increases the gasification reaction rate of coal in comparison to the use of inert bed material (silica sand). The CuFe2O4 OC enhanced the performance of hematite and improved the ability to produce syngas of CuO OCs. During the chemical looping process, CuFe2O4 was reduced to Fe3O4 and Cu. Furthermore, N2 adsorption/desorption and scanning electron microscopy images verified that the released O2 and the generated CO2 by the CuFe2O4 OCs improved the carbon conversion and facilitated the pore opening and expansion shown by the increase in specific surface area. This can be used as a theoretical reference that can be used to gain a better understanding of the microscopic mechanism for how CuFe2O4 OCs can accelerate the chemical looping gasification of coal.
Blood‐based circulating tumor DNA mutations as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for lung cancer
Authors: Leung Maria , Freidin Maxim B. , Freydina Daria V. , Von Crease Charlotte , De Sousa Paulo , Barbosa Monica T. , Nicholson Andrew G. , Lim Eric 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe objectives of the current study were to develop an initial blood‐based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) gene signature and to validate the clinical test performance in patients with early primary and secondary lung cancer.MethodsBetween January 2009 and October 2014, a total of 211 patients with known or suspected lung cancer donated their blood prior to surgery and were followed up to May 2018. ctDNA was extracted from plasma and from corresponding formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissues. The blood was analyzed in a blinded manner and pathology reports were issued that were blinded to the blood test results. The reference standard was histopathology confirmed cancer in the resected surgical specimens as reported according to World Health Organization criteria and staged using the eighth edition of the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors criteria.ResultsOf 211 consenting patients, 19 (9.0%) were excluded, leaving 192 participants, consisting of 95 men (49%) and with a mean age of 63 years (SD, 15 years). The clinical test performance for the blood‐based diagnostic signature demonstrated a sensitivity of 75% (95% CI, 67%‐81%), specificity of 89% (95% CI, 70%‐98%), positive predictive value of 98% (95% CI, 93%‐100%), and negative predictive value of 35% (95% CI, 24%‐48%) when compared with conventional clinical histopathology reporting of the resected tissue.ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggested that blood‐based ctDNA analysis of cancer mutations is a specific, noninvasive test for the diagnosis of cancer.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of low‐dose direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) for the prevention of cancer‐associated thrombosis in the United States
Authors: Li Ang , Carlson Josh J. , Kuderer Nicole M. , Schaefer Jordan K. , Li Shan , Garcia David A. , Khorana Alok A. , Carrier Marc , Lyman Gary H. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that low‐dose direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), including rivaroxaban and apixaban, may help reduce the incidence of cancer‐associated venous thromboembolism (VTE).MethodsA cost‐utility analysis was performed from the health sector perspective using a Markov state‐transition model in patients with cancer who are at intermediate‐to‐high risk for VTE. Transition probability, relative risk, cost, and utility inputs were obtained from a meta‐analysis of the RCTs and relevant epidemiology studies. Differences in cost, quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs), and the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) per patient were calculated over a lifetime horizon. One‐way, probabilistic, and scenario sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsIn patients with cancer at intermediate‐to‐high risk for VTE, treatment with low‐dose DOAC thromboprophylaxis for 6 months, compared with placebo, was associated with 32 per 1000 fewer VTE and 11 per 1000 more major bleeding episodes over a lifetime. The incremental cost and QALY increases were $1445 and 0.12, respectively, with an ICER of $11,947 per QALY gained. Key drivers of ICER variations included the relative risks of VTE and bleeding as well as drug cost. This strategy was 94% cost effective at the threshold of $50,000 per QALY. The selection of patients with Khorana scores ≥3 yielded the greatest value, with an ICER of $5794 per QALY gained.ConclusionsLow‐dose DOAC thromboprophylaxis for 6 months appears to be cost‐effective in patients with cancer who are at intermediate‐to‐high risk for VTE. The implementation of this strategy in patients with Khorana scores ≥3 may lead to the highest cost‐benefit ratio.
P2X7 and A2A receptor endogenous activation protects against neuronal death caused by CoCl2‐induced photoreceptor toxicity in the zebrafish retina
Authors: Medrano Matías P. , Pisera‐Fuster Antonella , Bernabeu Ramón O. , Faillace María Paula 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInjured retinas in mammals do not regenerate and heal with loss of function. The adult retina of zebrafish self‐repairs after damage by activating cell‐intrinsic mechanisms, which are regulated by extrinsic signal interactions. Among relevant regulatory extrinsic systems, purinergic signaling regulates progenitor proliferation during retinogenesis and regeneration and glia proliferation in proliferative retinopathies. ATP‐activated P2X7 (P2RX7) and adenosine (P1R) receptors are involved in the progression of almost all retinopathies leading to blindness. Here, we examined P2RX7 and P1R participation in the retina regenerative response induced by photoreceptor damage caused by a specific dose of CoCl2. First, we found that treatment of uninjured retinas with a potent agonist of P2RX7 (BzATP) provoked photoreceptor damage and mitotic activation of multipotent progenitors. In CoCl2‐injured retinas, blockade of endogenous extracellular ATP activity on P2RX7 caused further neurodegeneration, Müller cell gliosis, progenitor proliferation, and microglia reactivity. P2RX7 inhibition in injured retinas also increased the expression of lin28a and tnfα genes, which are related to multipotent progenitor proliferation. Levels of hif1α, vegf3r, and vegfaa mRNA were enhanced by blockade of P2RX7 immediately after injury, indicating hypoxic like damage and endothelial cell growth and proliferation. Complete depletion of extracellular nucleotides with an apyrase treatment strongly potentiated cell death and progenitor proliferation induced with CoCl2. Blockade of adenosine P1 and A2A receptors (A2AR) had deleterious effects and deregulated normal timing for progenitor and precursor cell proliferation following photoreceptor damage. ATP via P2RX7 and adenosine via A2AR are survival extracellular signals key for retina regeneration in zebrafish.
Server‐aided revocable attribute‐based encryption for cloud computing services
Authors: Cui Hui , Hon Yuen Tsz , Deng Robert H. , Wang Guilin 
Published: January 2020

SummaryAttribute‐based encryption (ABE) has been regarded as a promising solution in cloud computing services to enable scalable access control without compromising the security. Despite of the advantages, efficient user revocation has been a challenge in ABE. One suggestion for user revocation is using the binary tree in the key generation phase of an ABE scheme, which enables a trusted key generation center to periodically distribute the key update information to all nonrevoked users over a public channel. This revocation approach reduces the size of key updates from linear to logarithmic in the number of users. But it requires each user to keep a private key of the logarithmic size, and asks each nonrevoked user to periodically update his/her decryption key for each new time period. To further optimize user revocation in ABE, a server‐aided revocable ABE (SR‐ABE) scheme has been proposed, in which almost all workloads of users incurred by the user revocation are outsourced to an untrusted server, and each user only needs to store a private key of the constant size. In addition, SR‐ABE does not require any secure channel for the key transmission, and a user only needs to perform a small amount of calculations to decrypt a ciphertext. In this paper, we revisit the notion of SR‐ABE, and present a generic construction of SR‐ABE, which can transform a revocable ABE (RABE) scheme to an SR‐ABE scheme. In addition, we give an instantiation of SR‐ABE by applying the generic construction on a concrete RABE scheme, and implement an instantiation of SR‐ABE and an RABE scheme to evaluate the performance of SR‐ABE.
The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology (TBSRTC): From look‐backs to look‐ahead
Authors: Baloch Zubair , LiVolsi Virginia A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) was formalized in October 2007 by experts in thyroidology at the National Institute of Health in Bethesda, Maryland. The first edition of the TBSRTC book was published in 2010 and the second edition in 2018. The TBSRTC is widely employed in cytology practices in the United States and has also served as a model for similar tiered classification schemes for reporting thyroid cytopathology specimens. The tremendous success of TBSRTC cannot be underscored, it has provided a diagnostic framework which is well aligned with the present and the future of thyroid nodule management.
Spatial and temporal patterns of environmental DNA detection to inform sampling protocols in lentic and lotic systems
Authors: Bedwell Mallory E. , Goldberg Caren S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe development of efficient sampling protocols for the capture of environmental DNA (eDNA) could greatly help improve accuracy of occupancy monitoring for species that are difficult to detect. However, the process of developing a protocol in situ is complicated for rare species by the fact that animal locations are often unknown. We tested sampling designs in lake and stream systems to determine the most effective eDNA sampling protocols for two rare species: the Sierra Nevada yellow‐legged frog (Rana sierrae) and the foothill yellow‐legged frog (Rana boylii). We varied water volume, spatial sampling, and seasonal timing in lakes and streams; in lakes we also tested multiple filter types. We found that filtering 2 L versus 1 L increased the odds of detection in streams 5.42X (95% CI: 3.2–9.19X) in our protocol, from a probability of 0.51–0.85 per technical replicate. Lake sample volumes were limited by filter clogging, and we found no effect of volume or filter type. Sampling later in the season increased the odds of detection in streams by 1.96X for every 30 days (95% CI: 1.3–2.97X) but there was no effect for lakes. Spatial autocorrelation of the quantity of yellow‐legged frog eDNA captured in streams ceased between 100 and 200 m, indicating that sampling at close intervals is important.
Predicting the stability of multitrophic communities in a variable world
Authors: Yeager Mallarie E. , Gouhier Tarik C. , Hughes A. Randall 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIdentifying the factors that destabilize communities is critical for predicting and mitigating the ecological impacts of environmental change. Although theory has shown that local ecosystem size and regional dispersal can determine biodiversity, less is known about the direct and indirect effects of these factors on community stability. Here we show that multitrophic community instability of invertebrates and fishes in coastal ponds is negatively related to local pond size and positively related to distance to the ocean, a proxy for dispersal limitation. Importantly, the effects of pond size and distance on instability were direct rather than indirectly mediated by species richness. This suggests that the diversity–stability relationship is an epiphenomenon whose resolution is neither necessary nor sufficient to understand the stability of these multitrophic communities. Instead, well‐established and easily measured local and regional factors historically linked to species richness can be used to predict multitrophic community stability in a variable world.
Inoculum handling alters the strength and direction of plant–microbe interactions
Authors: Peacher Madison D. , Meiners Scott J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe pooling of soil samples in plant–microbe interaction studies is commonly employed, but the impact of sample handling has rarely been explored experimentally. Concerns have been raised that sample pooling may reduce biological variation leading to inflated type I errors or may alter the magnitude of microbial effects observed, invalidating the results achieved. To assess the impact of inocula pooling on plant–microbe interactions, we examined the reciprocal influence of unpooled and pooled soil microbial inocula on growth ofSolidago altissimaandSchizachyrium scoparium, with and without inoculum sterilization. Soil pooling had no effect on the variance among replicates in either plant species. However, pooling dramatically altered the magnitude and direction of microbial impacts on plant performance. Pooling ofSolidago altissimasoil increased the antagonistic effects on growth of both target species. In contrast, pooling ofSchizachyrium scopariumsoil shifted impacts onSolidago altissimafrom effectively neutral to slightly positive. Pooling in this system altered both the strength and direction of plant–microbe interactions relative to unpooled soils. Therefore soil mixing should be avoided when the research goal is to determine naturally occurring interaction strengths, even within a single habitat.
Cost‐effectiveness of a cardiac contractility modulation device in heart failure with normal QRS duration
Authors: Witte Klaus , Hasenfuss Gerd , Kloppe Axel , Burkhoff Daniel , Green Michelle , Moss Joe , Peel Alison , Mealing Stuart , Durand Zaleski Isabelle , Cowie Martin R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsThe objective of this paper is to assess whether cardiac contractility modulation (via the Optimizer System) plus standard of care (SoC) is a cost‐effective treatment for people with heart failure [New York Heart Association (NYHA) III, left ventricular ejection fraction of 25–45%, and narrow QRS] compared against SoC alone from the perspective of the English National Health Service.Methods and resultsWe developed a regression equation‐based cost‐effectiveness model, using individual patient data from three randomized control trials (FIX‐HF‐5 Phases 1 and 2, and FIX‐HF‐5C) to populate the majority of parameters. A series of regression equations predicted NYHA class over time, mortality, all‐cause hospitalization rates, and health‐related quality of life. We conducted the analysis in line with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence reference case, modelling costs from an English National Health Service perspective, and considering outcomes in quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) over a patient lifetime perspective. Our base case analysis produced an incremental cost per additional QALY of GBP22 988 (€25 750) when comparing Optimizer + SoC to SoC alone. This result was not sensitive to parameter uncertainty but was sensitive to the time horizon over which costs and QALYs were captured and the duration over which a survival benefit with Optimizer + SoC can be assumed to apply.ConclusionsCardiac contractility modulation is likely to be cost‐effective in people with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, NYHA III, and narrow QRS, provided that the treatment benefit can be maintained beyond the duration of the existing clinical trial follow‐up. This analysis supports the current recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology that this therapy may be considered for such patients.
Changing “us” and hostility towards “them”—Implicit theories of national identity determine prejudice and participation rates in an anti‐immigrant petition
Authors: Bauer Christina Anna , Hannover Bettina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNational identity definitions determine who belongs to the national ingroup (e.g., “us Germans”) versus the “foreign” outgroup prone to hostile outgroup bias. We conducted five studies in two countries investigating if viewing the ingroup's national identity as fixed exacerbates the perceived divide between ingroup and outgroup and thus increases anti‐immigrant hostility, while a malleable view blurs the divide and reduces anti‐immigrant hostility. In a Prestudy (58 participants), an Implicit Theory of National Identity Scale was developed. In Studies 1 (154 participants) and 2 (390 participants), our scale predicted individuals’ prejudice and participation rates in a hypothetical referendum and a real petition against immigrants. In Studies 3 (225 participants) and 4 (225 participants), experimental evidence was obtained. Leading participants to believe that the definition of “a true compatriot” changes over time (rather than remaining the same) resulted in lower levels of prejudice and participation rates in an anti‐immigrant petition.