bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilização de benzodiazepínicos em Estratégias Saúde da Família
Authors: Reis e Souza Janaina Ketelly , Pereira Alarcon Patricia , De Mattos Magda , Souza Castro Ludiele 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: Alterações de humor, ansiedade e insônia são os transtornos mentais que mais acometem a população, sendo identificadas com maior frequência na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Para o tratamento desses transtornos, é comum a prescrição de benzodiazepínicos. Objetivo: Quantificar e estabelecer o perfil de utilização de benzodiazepínicos na população adultade duas unidades de Estratégia Saúde da Família em município do Mato Grosso. Métodos: Os dados foram coletados em prontuários que continham registro de uso de psicotrópicos, durante o ano de 2018. Resultados: Foram encontrados 164 pacientes em uso de benzodiazepínicos, dos quais, 82,9% (n=136) eram mulheres. A associação de benzodiazepínicos com outros psicotrópicos representou 66,5%, sendo a amitriptilina a mais prescrita (35,8%). Com relação ao tempo de uso foi observado que a maioria dos pacientes faz uso há mais de 6 meses (93,0%). O clonazepam foi o benzodiazepínico mais prescrito, com 70,7% (n=116) dos registros de uso, nos prontuários. A Dose Diária Definida (DDD) de clonazepam resultou em 3,19 DDD/1.000hab./dia, quando se utiliza a DDD de 8mg, e 25,57 DDD/1.000hab./dia com DDD de 1mg. Conclusão: O uso crônico de benzodiazepínicos em unidades daEstratégia Saúde da Família se mantém como problema de saúde pública, sendo que o acompanhamento adequado destes pacientes é necessário para evitar o uso indiscriminado. Além disso, intervenções que visem proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida aos usuários destes medicamentos devem ser incentivadas. Introduction: Mood swings, anxiety and insomnia are the most common mental disorders that affect the population and are most frequently identified in Primary Health Care. For the treatment of these disorders, it is common to prescribe benzodiazepines. Objective: Quantify and establish the profile of benzodiazepine use in the adult population of two units of the Family Health Strategy in a municipality in Mato Grosso. Methods: Data were collected from medical records that contained a record of psychotropic use during 2018. Results: Of the 164 patients using benzodiazepines found, 82.9% (n=136) were women. The association of benzodiazepines with other psychotropics represented 66.5%, with amitriptyline being the most prescribed (35.8%). Regarding the duration of benzodiazepine use, it was observed that most patients have been using it for more than 6 months (93.0%). Clonazepam was the most prescribed, with 70.7% (n=116) of the records of use in the medical records. The Defined Daily Dose (DDD) of clonazepam resulted in 3.19 DDD/1,000hab/day, when using DDD 8mg, and 25.57 DDD/1,000hab/day with DDD of 1mg. Conclusion: The chronic use of benzodiazepines in the Family Health Strategy Unitsremains as apublic health problem, and adequate monitoring of these patients is necessary to avoid indiscriminate use. In addition, interventions aimed at providing a better quality of life to users of these drugs should be encouraged.
Highly efficient 2.3  µm thulium lasers based on a high-phonon-energy crystal: evidence of vibronic-assisted emissions
Authors: Loiko Pavel , Kifle Esrom , Guillemot Lauren , Doualan Jean-Louis , Starecki Florent , Braud Alain , Aguiló Magdalena , Díaz Francesc , Petrov Valentin , Mateos Xavier , Camy Patrice 
Published: December 2020

We report on highly efficient and power-scalable laser operation in a thulium-doped high-phonon-energy crystal [monoclinic double tungstate,

K
L
u

(

W
O

4

)
2

] on the

3

H

4

→

3

H

5

T
m

3
+

transition giving rise to the short-wave infrared emission at

∼

2.3

µ

m

. A 3 at. % Tm-doped crystal generated a maximum continuous-wave output power of 1.12 W at

∼

2.22

and 2.29 µm with a record-high slope efficiency of 69.2% (versus the absorbed pump power), a slightly multimode beam (

M

x
,
y

2

=

2.2

and 2.6), and a linear laser polarization. The

∼

2.3

µ

m

laser outperformed the one operating on the conventional

3

F

4

→

3

H

6

transition (at

∼

1.95

µ

m

). The effect of the Tm concentration on the

∼

2.3

µ

m

laser performance indicates a gradually increasing pump quantum efficiency for the

3

H

4

upper laser level with the Tm doping. For the 3 at. % Tm-doped crystal, it reached

1.8

±

0.1

(almost two-for-one pump process), which is attributed to efficient energy-transfer upconversion. We discuss the physical nature of the laser emissions occurring at intermediate wavelengths between the electronic

3

H

4

→

3

H

5

and

3

F

4

→

3

H

6

transitions and highlight the role of electron-phonon coupling (vibronic processes) in the appearance of such laser lines. This allowed us to better understand the near- and mid-infrared emission from thulium ions, which can be used in broadly tunable and fs mode-locked 2–2.3 µm lasers.
Electro-optic frequency combs for rapid interrogation in cavity optomechanics
Authors: Long D. A. , Reschovsky B. J. , Zhou F. , Bao Y. , LeBrun T. W. , Gorman J. J. 
Published: December 2020

Electro-optic frequency combs were employed to rapidly interrogate an optomechanical sensor, demonstrating spectral resolution substantially exceeding that possible with a mode-locked frequency comb. Frequency combs were generated using an integrated-circuit-based direct digital synthesizer and utilized in a self-heterodyne configuration. Unlike approaches based upon laser locking, the present approach allows rapid, parallel measurements of full optical cavity modes, large dynamic range of sensor displacement, and acquisition across a wide frequency range between DC and 500 kHz. In addition to being well suited to measurements of acceleration, this optical frequency comb-based approach can be utilized for interrogation in a wide range of cavity optomechanical sensors.
Integrated optical chip for a high-resolution, single-resonance-mode x-ray monochromator system
Authors: Chang Ying-Yi , Tsai Yi-Wei , Weng Shih-Chang , Chen Shih-Lun , Chang Shih-Lin 
Published: December 2020

An integrated optical chip that minimizes the size of the energy-tuning single-resonance-mode x-ray monochromator system into a

3

c
m

×
5

c
m

silicon wafer is proposed. A Fabry–Perot x-ray resonator and two back-reflecting Si mirrors are employed on the wafer as the optical components, where Si(12 4 0) back reflection is used for both Fabry–Perot resonance and re-diffraction of the x-ray beams from the resonator in the incident direction. We can achieve an energy bandwidth of 3.4 meV in single-mode x rays and tune the energy by temperature variation. Such Si chips can be readily employed at the synchrotron beamlines and conventional x-ray laboratories for high-resolution investigations.
Nanosecond optical parametric oscillator with midinfrared intracavity difference-frequency mixing in orientation-patterned GaAs
Authors: Wang Li , Chen Weidong , Schunemann Peter , Schirrmacher André , Büttner Edlef , Boyko Andrey A. , Ye Ning , Zhang Ge , Zhao Yongguang , Petrov Valentin 
Published: December 2020

We report on efficient midinfrared difference-frequency generation (DFG) in orientation-patterned GaAs by intracavity mixing the signal and idler pulses of a narrowband nanosecond optical parametric oscillator based on periodically poled

L
i
N
b

O

3

. The maximum average DFG output power reached 215 mW at 8.15 µm for a repetition rate of 35 kHz. The temperature tuning range spanned over 8026–8710 nm. The maximum overall conversion efficiency from 1 to 8 µm amounted to

∼

1.3

%

.
Comparison of the within-reader and inter-vendor agreement of left ventricular circumferential strains and volume indices derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Mansell Doyin S. , Frank Evelyn G. , Kelly Nathaniel S. , Agostinho-Hernandez Bruno , Fletcher James , Bruno Vito D. , Sammut Eva , Chiribiri Amedeo , Johnson Thomas , Ascione Raimondo , Bartlett Jonathan W. , Gill Harinderjit S. , Fraser Katharine H. , Cookson Andrew N. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeVolume indices and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are routinely used to assess cardiac function. Ventricular strain values may provide additional diagnostic information, but their reproducibility is unclear. This study therefore compares the repeatability and reproducibility of volumes, volume fraction, and regional ventricular strains, derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, across three software packages and between readers.MethodsSeven readers analysed 16 short-axis CMR stacks of a porcine heart. Endocardial contours were manually drawn using OsiriX and Simpleware ScanIP and repeated in both softwares. The images were also contoured automatically in Circle CVI42. Endocardial global, apical, mid-ventricular, and basal circumferential strains, as well as end-diastolic and end-systolic volume and LVEF were compared.ResultsBland-Altman analysis found systematic biases in contour length between software packages. Compared to OsiriX, contour lengths were shorter in both ScanIP (-1.9 cm) and CVI42 (-0.6 cm), causing statistically significant differences in end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, and apical circumferential strain (all p<0.006). No differences were found for mid-ventricular, basal or global strains, or left ventricular ejection fraction (all p<0.007). All CVI42 results lay within the ranges of the OsiriX results. Intra-software differences were found to be lower than inter-software differences.ConclusionOsiriX and CVI42 gave consistent results for all strain and volume metrics, with no statistical differences found between OsiriX and ScanIP for mid-ventricular, global or basal strains, or left ventricular ejection fraction. However, volumes were influenced by the choice of contouring software, suggesting care should be taken when comparing volumes across different software.
Effect of intentional restriction of venous return on tissue oxygenation in a porcine model of acute limb ischemia
Authors: Kim Wonho , Choi Donghoon , Jang Yangsoo , Nam Chung Mo , Hur Seung-Ho , Hong Myeong-Ki 
Published: December 2020

Introduction
A sufficient oxygen supply to ischemic limb tissue is the most important requirement for wound healing and limb salvage. We investigated whether partial venous occlusion in the common iliac vein (CIV) causes a further increase of venous oxygenation in a porcine model of acute hindlimb ischemia.

Materials and methods
In 7 pigs, the model of acute hindlimb ischemia was created with intra-vascular embolization of the common iliac artery (CIA). The arterial and venous oxygen saturation was evaluated at different moments. Oxygen saturation was evaluated at baseline (T0), just after the arterial embolization (T1), at 10 minutes (T2), at 20 minutes (T3), and at 40 minutes (T4). Next, an intentional partial venous occlusion was achieved by inflating the vascular balloon at the level of the right CIV. Then, blood sampling was repeated at 5 minutes (T5), at 15 minutes (T6), and at 25 minutes (T7).

Results
The arterial oxygen saturation in the right SFA was similar during all phases. In contrast, after arterial embolization, an immediate reduction of venous oxygen saturation was observed (from 85.57 ± 1.72 at T0 to 71.86 ± 7.58 at T4). After the partial venous occlusion, interestingly, the venous oxygen saturations (T5-T7) were significantly increased, again. The venous oxygen saturations evaluated in the hindlimb ischemia with partial venous occlusion and in the control limb (without partial venous occlusion) were significantly over time. Venous oxygen saturations in the experimental limbs were higher than those in the control limbs (79.28 ± 4.82 vs 59.00 ± 2.82, p-value <0.001, 79.71 ± 4.78 vs 60.00 ± 4.24 at T7, p-value <0.001).

Conclusions
Partial venous occlusion results in an increase of venous oxygen saturation in the ischemic limb, while significant changes in venous oxygen saturation are not observed in the control limb. An explanation for this may be that the oxygen consumption in the limb tissue is increased because it gets congested with the partial venous occlusion in the right CIV.
Prevalence of enteric pathogens, intestinal parasites and resistance profile of bacterial isolates among HIV infected and non-infected diarrheic patients in Dessie Town, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Assefa , Ashagrie Melaku , Seyoum Berhanu , Alemu Mekuanent , Tsegaye Aster 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundEnteric pathogens likeSalmonellaandShigellaspecies as well as intestinal parasites (IPs) are among the main causative agents of diarrhea in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), particularly in low income countries like Ethiopia. Antimicrobial resistance against commonly prescribed drugs has become a major global threat. This study, therefore, aimed at determining the magnitude ofSalmonella,Shigellaand IPs infections, their predicting factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among HIV infected and non-infected diarrheic patients in Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted at three health facilities in Northeast Ethiopia between January 2018 and March 2018. Data on socio-demographic and associated risk factors were collected using structured questionnaire from 354 HIV infected and non-infected diarrheic outpatients. Fresh stool specimen was processed according to standard operating procedures. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics was used to determine frequency, Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predicting factors associated with the outcome variable. P-value <0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.ResultsAmong 354 diarrheic patients, 112 were HIV infected and 242 were HIV non-infected. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasite and bacterial infection among HIV infectedversusnon-infected, respectively, was 26 (23.2%) and 8 (7.1%)versus50 (20.7) and 16 (6.6%).Salmonellawas the highest in both groups, 6 (5.4%) vs 11 (4.5%). Most prevalent parasite wasC.parvum, 9 (8%) among HIV+ whileE.histolytica/dispar39 (16.1%) among HIV-. Having bloody plus mucoid diarrhea, not utilizing latrine and drinking river or spring water were factors significantly associated with bacterial infection. Whereas, being illiterate or having primary level education, diarrhea lasting for 6–10 days, CD4 level between 200–500 cells/μl, not washing hand with soap showed significant association with IPs. The bacterial isolates were 100% susceptible to Ceftriaxone and 95.4% to Ciprofloxacin, while 100% resistant to Ampicillin and Amoxicillin. MDR was observed among 19 (79.2%) isolates.ConclusionPreventing and controlling infection by enteric pathogens as well as IPs require strengthening intervention measures. The 100% resistance of isolates to commonly prescribed antibiotics calls for expanding antimicrobial susceptibility testing so as to select appropriate antimicrobial agent and prevent emergence of drug resistant bacteria.
Soil-transmitted helminth infections among pre-school aged children in Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia: Prevalence, intensity and intervention status
Authors: Asfaw Mekuria Asnakew , Gezmu Tigist , Wegayehu Teklu , Bekele Alemayehu , Hailemariam Zeleke , Masresha Nebiyu , Gebre Teshome 
Published: December 2020

Background
Soil-transmitted helminths (STH), i.e., Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms are among the most prevalent Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) in Ethiopia. Although pre-school aged children pay a high morbidity toll associated with STH infections, evidence on prevalence, intensity and intervention status is lacking in Ethiopia. This study, therefore, aimed to address these gaps to inform decision made on STH.

Methods
We did a community-based cross-sectional study in five districts of Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia; in January 2019. Data were collected using pre-tested questionnaire, and the Kato-Katz technique was used to diagnose parasites eggs in stool. Then, collected data were edited and entered into EpiData 4.4.2, and exported to SPSS software (IBM, version 25) for analysis.

Results
A total of 2462 PSAC participated in this study. Overall, the prevalence of STH was 23.5% (578/2462) (95% confidence interval (CI) = 21.8%–25.2%). As caris lumbricoides was the most prevalent (18.6%), followed by Trichuris trichiura (9.2%), and hookworms (3.1%). Of the total, 7.4% PSAC were infected with two STH species. Most of the positive cases with STH showed low infection intensities, while 15.1% ascariasis cases showed moderate infection intensities. The study found that 68.7% of PSAC were treated with albendazole. Also, household’s level data showed that 39.4% used water from hand-dug well; 52.5% need to travel ≥30 minutes to collect water; 77.5% did not treat water, and 48.9% had no hand washing facility. In addition, almost 93% care givers achieved less than the mean knowledge and practice score (≤5) on STH prevention.

Conclusions
This study showed that significant proportions of pre-school aged children are suffering from STH infections despite preventive chemotherapy exist at the study area. Also, gaps in the interventions against STH were highlighted. Thus, a call for action is demanding to eliminate STH among PSAC in Ethiopia by 2030.
Frailty and depression predict instrumental activities of daily living in older adults: A population-based longitudinal study using the CARE75+ cohort
Authors: Coventry Peter A. , McMillan Dean , Clegg Andrew , Brown Lesley , van der Feltz-Cornelis Christina , Gilbody Simon , Ali Shehzad 
Published: December 2020

Objectives
To evaluate if depression contributes, independently and/or in interaction with frailty, to loss of independence in instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults with frailty.

Methods
Longitudinal cohort study of people aged ≥75 years living in the community. We used multi-level linear regression model to quantify the relationship between depression (≥5 Geriatric Depression Scale) and frailty (electronic frailty index), and instrumental activities of daily living (Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living scale; range: 0–66; higher score implies greater independence). The model was adjusted for known confounders (age; gender; ethnicity; education; living situation; medical comorbidity).

Results
553 participants were included at baseline; 53% were female with a mean age of 81 (5.0 SD) years. Depression and frailty (moderate and severe levels) were independently associated with reduced instrumental activities of daily living scores. In the adjusted analysis, the regression coefficient was -6.4 (95% CI: -8.3 to -4.5, p<0.05) for depression, -1.5 (95% CI: -3.8 to 0.9, p = 0.22) for mild frailty, -6.1 (95% CI: -8.6 to -3.6, p<0.05) for moderate frailty, and -10.1 (95% CI: -13.5 to -6.8, p<0.05) for severe frailty. Moreover, depression interacted with frailty to further reduce instrumental activities of daily living score in individuals with mild or moderate frailty. These relationships remained significant after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusion
Frailty and depression are independently associated with reduced independence in instrumental activities of daily living. Also, depression interacts with frailty to further reduce independence for mild to moderately frail individuals, suggesting that clinical management of frailty should integrate physical and mental health care.
Association between meat intake and mortality due to all-cause and major causes of death in a Japanese population
Authors: Saito Eiko , Tang Xiaohe , Abe Sarah Krull , Sawada Norie , Ishihara Junko , Takachi Ribeka , Iso Hiroyasu , Shimazu Taichi , Yamaji Taiki , Iwasaki Motoki , Inoue Manami , Tsugane Shoichiro ,   for the JPHC Study Group
Published: December 2020

Purpose
We examined the association between meat intake and mortality due to all-cause and major causes of death using a population-based cohort study in Japan.

Methods
87,507 Japanese aged between 45 and 74 years old at 5-year follow-up study were followed for 14.0 years on average. Associations between meat intake and mortality risk were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
A heavy intake of total meat was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality relative to the lowest quartile intake in men (Q4: HR,1.18; 95%CIs, 1.06–1.31). A higher intake of total meat was associated with a lower risk of stroke mortality in women (Q2: HR, 0.70; 95%CIs, 0.51–0.94, Q3: HR, 0.68; 95%CIs, 0.50–0.95, Q4: HR, 0.66; 95%CIs, 0.44–0.99). A heavy intake of red meat was also associated with all-cause mortality (Q4: HR, 1.13; 95%CIs, 1.02–1.26) and heart disease mortality (Q4: HR, 1.51; 95%CIs, 1.11–2.06) in men but not in women. Heavy intake of chicken was inversely associated with cancer mortality in men.

Conclusions
Heavy intakes of total and red meat were associated with an increase in all-cause and heart disease mortality in men, while total meat intake was associated with a lower risk of stroke mortality in women.
Freight trip generation to buildings under construction: a comparative analysis with linear regression and generalised linear regression
Authors: De Oliveira Leise Kelli , Herédia Rafael Tagliatti , Bertoncini Bruno Vieira , De Oliveira Renata Lúcia Magalhães 
Published: December 2020

A estimativa do número de viagens geradas por uma empresa é parte essencial do processo de modelagem da demanda de carga. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo compara modelos de viagens de carga para edifícios em construção (BUC) estimados por regressão linear generalizada e regressão linear, em um estudo de caso para Belo Horizonte. As principais contribuições deste artigo estão relacionadas aos modelos para estimar viagens de carga para BUC, a verificação das premissas de linearidade dos modelos lineares e a comparação de diferentes técnicas de modelagem para oa geração de viagens de carga. As suposições de linearidade permitiram avaliar a confiabilidade dos resultados dos modelos de regressão linear. Os resultados indicam que os modelos com melhor acurácia na previsão de viagens de carga ao BUC são os modelos lineares que utilizam a área como variável explicativa.
Truck routing cut and fill problem in roadworks using integer programming
Authors: Falcão Viviane Adriano , Nobre Júnior Ernesto Ferreira , Prata Bruno De Athayde 
Published: December 2020

Planejar as atividades de distribuição de materiais em obras de terraplenagem pode representar um ganho na obra como um todo. Uma das formas de fazer isso é minimizar a distância total percorrida pelos veículos, por exemplo caminhões na movimentação de terra entre as zonas de corte e aterro. Há muitos estudos e trabalhos que focam a otimização da distribuição de materiais entre zonas de corte e aterro, porém poucos aplicaram em projetos reais com a consideração de múltiplos equipamentos, além de não terem feito uma análise baseada na distância entre estacas. Este artigo tem como objetivo desenvolver um modelo de Programação Inteira que minimize a distância percorrida pelos caminhões basculantes em atividades de distribuição de materiais na terraplenagem. O modelo elaborado com princípios da Programação Linear Inteira foi baseado no problema de roteamento, cujo objetivo é minimizar o caminho percorrido. O modelo foi aplicado em dois estudo de casos cujos resultados destacam ganhos significativos, em termos de flexibilidade do processo de planejamento. Engenheiros, planejadores e analistas têm uma importante ferramenta computacional que facilitará a tomada de decisão.
Book Review: Moving Critical Literacies Forward: A New Look at Praxis across Contexts, edited by Jessica Zacher Pandya and JuliAnna Ávila, New York: Routledge, 2014
Authors: Shah Jennifer K. 
Published: December 2020

Review of Moving Critical Literacies Forward: A New Look at Praxis across Contexts, edited by Jessica Zacher Pandya and JuliAnna Ávila, New York: Routledge, 2014.