bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cleaning control of stencil printing subject to performance deterioration
Authors: Xi Rui , Yu Jiangyou , Cao Le , Zheng Xiaojiang , Guo Jun 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Most solder paste printers are configured to periodically clean the stencil to maintain printing quality. However, a periodical cleaning control may result in excessive cleaning operations. The purpose of this paper is to develop a control method to schedule stencil cleaning operations appropriately.

Design/methodology/approach
A hybrid failure rate model of the stencil printing process with age reduction factor and failure rate increase factor is presented. A stencil cleaning policy based on system reliability is introduced. An optimization model used to derive the optimal stencil cleaning schedule is provided.

Findings
An aperiodic stencil cleaning control with good adaptability is achieved. A comparative analysis indicates that aperiodic control has better printing system reliability than traditional periodical control under the same cleaning resource consumption.

Originality/value
Periodical cleaning control commonly used in industrial printing process often results in excessive cleaning operations. By incorporating the printing system reliability, this paper develops an aperiodic stencil cleaning control method based on hybrid failure rate model of the stencil printing process. It helps to reduce unnecessary cleaning operations while keeping printing quality stable.
Evaluation and modeling of changes in color, firmness, and physicochemical shelf life of cut pineapple (Ananas comosus) slices in equilibrium‐modified atmosphere packaging
Authors: Gómez José M. , Mendoza Sandra M. , Herrera Aníbal O. , Castellanos Diego A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study cut, pineapple slices of 1 cm thick were packaged and stored at different temperatures and equilibrium modified atmosphere packages (EMAPs) to determine changes of color and firmness over time to represent physicochemical shelf life. From the experimental data, a variance analysis was performed to determine the effect of temperature and O2 level on the evolution of color (CIELAB coordinates) and firmness. It was observed that the evolution in L*, a*, and b* coordinates is independent on O2 concentration in the EMAP system. After that, suitable models were adjusted to represent the change of the quality properties as a function of temperature by using first‐order models to represent color and a power model for firmness. Likewise, a modified normal distribution function was adjusted to represent the coefficient of firmness loss depending on the O2 level besides the temperature effect. The firmness model was used to obtain a suitable equation to predict shelf life of the pineapple slices for different EMAP systems. Finally, a validation experiment was performed at 8 °C obtaining a high capacity of prediction (R2adj > 0.90) compared with the experimental data. The adjusted model can be used to configure a satisfactory EMAP system for the best preservation of minimally processed pineapple from the predicted evolution of color, firmness, and shelf life depending on temperature and O2 concentration.Practical ApplicationIn this work, we built a mathematical model to simulate the shelf life of pineapple cut into slices based on changes in color and firmness and as a function of temperature and oxygen level. These properties are truly relevant because they are very clear evidence of the fruit deterioration, and for that reason, we chose them for the model. The model we developed can be applied in retail and supermarket systems to determine precisely how long the product on the shelf can last before being disposed of, reducing material losses.
Multi‐modular engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for high‐titre production of tyrosol and salidroside
Authors: Liu Huayi , Tian Yujuan , Zhou Yi , Kan Yeyi , Wu Tingting , Xiao Wenhai , Luo Yunzi 
Published: September 2020

SummaryTyrosol and its glycosylated product salidroside are important ingredients in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and cosmetics. Despite the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to naturally synthesize tyrosol, high yield from de novo synthesis remains a challenge. Here, we used metabolic engineering strategies to construct S. cerevisiae strains for high‐level production of tyrosol and salidroside from glucose. First, tyrosol production was unlocked from feedback inhibition. Then, transketolase and ribose‐5‐phosphate ketol‐isomerase were overexpressed to balance the supply of precursors. Next, chorismate synthase and chorismate mutase were overexpressed to maximize the aromatic amino acid flux towards tyrosol synthesis. Finally, the competing pathway was knocked out to further direct the carbon flux into tyrosol synthesis. Through a combination of these interventions, tyrosol titres reached 702.30 ± 0.41 mg l−1 in shake flasks, which were approximately 26‐fold greater than that of the WT strain. RrU8GT33 from Rhodiola rosea was also applied to cells and maximized salidroside production from tyrosol in S. cerevisiae. Salidroside titres of 1575.45 ± 19.35 mg l−1 were accomplished in shake flasks. Furthermore, titres of 9.90 ± 0.06 g l−1 of tyrosol and 26.55 ± 0.43 g l−1 of salidroside were achieved in 5 l bioreactors, both are the highest titres reported to date. The synergistic engineering strategies presented in this study could be further applied to increase the production of high value‐added aromatic compounds derived from the aromatic amino acid biosynthesis pathway in S. cerevisiae.
Aspirin overcomes cisplatin resistance in lung cancer by inhibiting cancer cell stemness
Authors: Zhao Maoyuan , Wang Ting , Hui Zhouguang 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and is commonly treated by cisplatin. Although cisplatin treatment may initially be successful, its effectiveness usually reduces significantly in disease‐recurrent patients. Aspirin, a nonselective COX inhibitor, has been shown to help reverse the status of cisplatin sensitivity in recurrent human ovarian cancer cells. This study aimed to explore the effect of aspirin on cisplatin resistance through the perspective of cancer cell stemness.MethodsWe used clustering analysis to predict the H460 cisplatin resistance from the GSE21656 dataset. The increased lung cancer cell stemness may contribute to enhanced tolerance. In this study, we used aspirin, a nonselective COX inhibitor, with cisplatin for several hours in cells and days in vivo, and studied the inhibition against human cisplatin‐resistant H460 cells. H460 cisplatin‐sensitive and H460 cisplatin‐resistant cells were treated with 16 μM aspirin or/and 0.3 μg/mL cisplatin for 72 hours.ResultsH460 cisplatin‐resistant cells showed stronger resistance, stemness, and invasiveness than H460 cisplatin‐sensitive, and cisplatin significantly reduced the survival of cisplatin‐sensitive cells, while cisplatin with aspirin dramatically reduced the surviving fractions of cisplatin‐resistant cells.ConclusionsThis study revealed that stemness is a latent inhibitor of the resistance of lung cancer cisplatin‐resistant cells and might be effectively inhibited by aspirin.
Effect of ventilator modes on neonatal cerebral and peripheral oxygenation using near‐infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Ericksen Kristina , Alpan Gad , La Gamma Edmund F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThe effect of ventilator modes on regional tissue oxygenation in premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) has yet to be delineated. Previous studies have looked at global oxygen delivery and have not assessed the effects on regional tissue oxygenation. Our aim in this study was to assess such tissue oxygenation in premature babies with RDS in relation to differing modes of ventilation using near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).MethodsIn 24 stable preterm infants with RDS, undergoing elective wean in ventilator mode, cerebral and muscle tissue oxygenation were assessed using NIRS. Infants were weaned from high‐frequency oscillator or jet ventilator to conventional invasive ventilation (CV) or extubated from CV to non‐invasive mechanical ventilation. Data at 30 minutes prior and at one hour after change in ventilator mode were compared (paired t test).ResultsIn babies changed from high‐frequency oscillation to CV, jet to CV and CV to non‐invasive ventilation, the differences in cerebral NIRS (mean ± SD) were 1.7 ± 9.9%, 2.3 ± 5.7% and 2.1 ± 8.4%, respectively. The concomitant changes in muscle NIRS were −2.9 ± 8.5%, 8.1 ± 9.7% and 3.6 ± 22.4%, respectively. No changes were statistically significant.ConclusionOur data suggest that there is no alteration in regional tissue oxygenation related to ventilator mode in stable preterm infants with improving RDS.
Making sense of young people’s digital practices in informal contexts: The Digital Practice Framework
Authors: Twining Peter 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is a growing body of research looking at young people’s use of digital technology in informal contexts. However, there is a gap in the literature about how to describe and categorise young people’s digital practices in such contexts. This gap is important because in order to be able to understand the differences between young people’s digital practices in informal contexts and how these differences arise, you first need to be able to describe and categorise those differences in meaningful ways. You need to be able to answer the question “How do young people use digital technology in informal contexts?” in order to be able to answer questions such as “How do children’s digital practices in informal contexts vary?” and “Why do children’s digital practices vary?”. This paper is significant because it introduces The Digital Practice Framework, an original, theoretically informed, tool to fill this critical gap in the literature. It goes on to indicate how this framework has been used to analyse the factors that facilitate or hinder the development of young people’s digital practices in informal contexts.
COVID‐19 and Venous Thromboembolism in Intensive Care or Medical Ward
Authors: Avruscio Giampiero , Camporese Giuseppe , Campello Elena , Bernardi Enrico , Persona Paolo , Passarella Christian , Noventa Franco , Cola Marco , Navalesi Paolo , Cattelan Annamaria , Tiberio Ivo , Boscolo Annalisa , Spiezia Luca , Simioni Paolo ,   for the COVID‐VTE Study Group
Published: September 2020

Despite thromboprophylaxis, patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) exhibit hypercoagulability and higher venous thromboembolic risk, although its real incidence is still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with COVID‐19 admitted to both intensive care units (ICUs) and medical wards (MWs). Consecutive patients admitted for COVID‐19 to the MW and the ICU at Padua University Hospital, all receiving thromboprophylaxis, underwent systematic ultrasonography of the internal jugular, and the upper and lower limbs veins every 7 days (± 1 day) after the admission; and, if negative, once‐weekly until discharge or death. In case of suspected pulmonary embolism, a multidetector computed tomographic angiography was performed. The primary outcome was the proportion of any deep‐vein thrombosis (DVT) and symptomatic pulmonary embolism in both groups. An extended blood coagulative test was performed as well. From March 4 to April 30, 2020, a total of 85 patients were investigated, 44 (52%) in MWs and 41 (48%) in the ICU. Despite thromboprophylaxis, VTE occurred in 12 patients in the MWs (27.3%) and 31 patients in the ICU (75.6%) with an odds ratio of 9.3 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.5–24.5; P < 0.001). Multiple‐site DVT occurred in 55.6% of patients (95% CI 39.6–70.5). Increased D‐dimer levels significantly correlated with VTE (P = 0.001) and death (P = 0.015). Summarizing, patients with COVID‐19 admitted to the MW or ICU showed a high frequency of venous thromboembolism, despite standard‐dose or high‐dose thromboprophylaxis. Whether thrombosis, particularly asymptomatic events, may play a role in the morbidity and mortality of patients with COVID‐19 remain to be clarified.
Hypersensitivity reactions to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – a retrospective study
Authors: Angeletti Flavia , Meier Franziska , Zöller Nadja , Meissner Markus , Kaufmann Roland , Valesky Eva Maria 
Published: September 2020

SummaryBackgroundThe aim of this study was to verify the validity of clinical history and oral provocation challenges of patients with NSAID hypersensitivity and to identify safe alternatives. The COX‐2 inhibitor etoricoxib, in particular, was studied.Patients and methodsIn all, 104 patients with confirmed diagnoses of NSAID hypersensitivity treated at the Department of Dermatology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Germany between 2004 and 2012 were retrospectively studied.ResultsThe medical history and hypersensitivity symptoms during oral provocation testing (OPT) largely coincided and were mostly mild to moderate. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was the most frequent trigger both anamnestically (27.9 %) and during OPT (47.8 %). Etoricoxib caused the fewest reactions during OPT (4.2 %). Acetaminophen led to reactions in only 6.7 % of the cases studied although it was named more often in clinical histories (14 %).ConclusionsOPT should be the aim whenever possible as most symptoms are mild to moderate. To distinguish between selective and cross‐hypersensitivity reactions, ASA should be part of the test protocol. Furthermore, the findings of this study indicate that etoricoxib and acetaminophen are safe treatment alternatives in case of NSAID hypersensitivity. However, these drugs should not be administered without prior OPT in an inpatient setting, as severe symptoms can occur.
The use of contrast‐enhanced transthoracic echocardiography for spiral‐variant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Begg Andrew , Dahiya Garima , Kyvernitakis Andreas , Biederman Robert W. W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a common heritable cardiomyopathy with various clinical phenotypes. A rare spiral variant has been recently reported that has been associated with adverse outcomes and has traditionally been diagnosed using cardiac magnetic resonance. We report a case of the rare variant spiral hypertrophic cardiomyopathy where we used transthoracic echocardiography with an ultrasound enhancing agent to demonstrate the geometry of spiral hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and compared to simultaneous cardiac MRI images. The use of echocardiography with ultrasound enhancing agents may prove to be a valuable tool in identifying the geometry of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy variants in selected patients.
Phenological and isotopic evidence for migration as a life history strategy in Aeshna canadensis (family: Aeshnidae) dragonflies
Authors: Schilling Emily Gaenzle , Kardynal Kevin J. , Kundel Holly , Crews‐Erjaveck Zephyr , Zobitz John M. , Hobson Keith A. 
Published: September 2020

1. Investigating dragonfly migration is important for understanding species' life history strategies, migratory connectivity, terrestrial‐aquatic linkages, and for successful species conservation. While migration patterns are well‐documented for some species (e.g., Anax junius), questions remain about potential migratory behaviour of others.2. We investigated the potential for migration of Aeshna canadensis (Walker, 1908; Canada darner) using phenological observations in three study ponds in central Minnesota, 2017–2019. We also conducted probabilistic assignment to natal origins by measuring stable hydrogen isotope values of wing tissue (δ2Hw) of dragonflies collected in Minnesota and acquired through Canadian museum collections.3. This species emerged May–June from study ponds in central Minnesota, with a 10–15 week lag after onset of emergence before mature adults were observed flying and ovipositing in late summer. The probabilistic assignment depictions of emerging tenerals overlapped with the sampling location, confirming accuracy of isotopic assignments of natal origin.4. Late‐flying mature adults collected at our study ponds likely originated from southern Manitoba, suggesting a north–south migration pathway. We found further evidence for migration by analysing δ2Hw of adult dragonflies collected in northern Minnesota and south‐central Canada. Their likely origins were farther north in central Canada (Manitoba/Quebec) or the northeastern reaches of this species' range in eastern Canada.5. We provide the first conclusive evidence of Aeshna migration in North America and demonstrate a robust approach, combining field observations with probabilistic assignment to origin using stable isotope analysis, which can test for migration in other dragonfly populations.
Long‐term coexistence of a hybridization‐derived population of Drosophila parapallidosa with closely related Drosophila ananassae (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Authors: Hama Yosuke , Lee Chow‐Yang , Matsuda Muneo , Kamimura Yoshitaka , Sawamura Kyoichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA 2012–13 survey on Penang Island, Malaysia, revealed the existence of both Drosophila ananassae and Drosophila parapallidosa, the latter of which carries chromosomes Y and 4 from D. ananassae and thus is of hybrid origin. We collected the flies again from the same location in 2018. The hybrid population remained present, which suggests that the D. parapallidosa of hybrid origin does not represent a mere transient population but is stable. Why do these two species coexist irrespective of gene flow? We realized that body size is generally larger in D. ananassae than in D. parapallidosa, which constitutes a new character with which to discriminate these species; previously the number of sex comb teeth was the only diagnostic trait. Character displacement was not detected, however, for those traits. We crossed these two species, which resulted in offspring that had an altered genomic constitution. The body size of D. ananassae was dominant, and the presence of chromosomes Y and 4 did not have a significant effect on body size. By contrast, the presence of chromosome 4 from D. ananassae significantly affected the number of sex comb teeth. Even flies having a genomic constitution similar to that of the Penang D. parapallidosa exhibited a number of sex comb teeth that was intermediate between the two species. We propose that the D. parapallidosa sex comb character underwent selection during evolution of the Penang Island population. Reproductive interference between the species, presumably caused by signal jamming, was detected.
Biofilm removal from a simulated isthmus and lateral canal during syringe irrigation at various flow rates: a combined experimental and Computational Fluid Dynamics approach
Authors: Pereira T. C. , Boutsioukis C. , Dijkstra R. J. B. , Petridis X. , Versluis M. , de Andrade F. B. , van de Meer W. J. , Sharma P. K. , van der Sluis L. W. M. , So M. V. R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAim(i) To quantify biofilm removal from a simulated isthmus and a lateral canal in an artificial root canal system during syringe irrigation with NaOCl at different concentrations and delivered at various flow rates (ii) to examine whether biofilm removal is further improved by a final high‐flow‐rate rinse with an inert irrigant following irrigation with NaOCl. (iii) to simulate the irrigant flow in these areas using a computer model (iv) to examine whether the irrigant velocity calculated by the computer model is correlated to biofilm removal.MethodologyNinety‐six artificial root canals with either a simulated isthmus or lateral canal were used. A dual‐species in vitro biofilm was formed in these areas using a Constant Depth Film Fermenter. NaOCl at various concentrations (2, 5 and 10%) or adhesion buffer (control) was delivered for 30 s by a syringe and an open‐ended needle at 0.033, 0.083, or 0.166 mL s−1 or passively deposited in the main root canal (phase 1). All specimens were subsequently rinsed for 30 s with adhesion buffer at 0.166 mL s−1 (phase 2). The biofilm was scanned by Optical Coherence Tomography to determine the percentage of the remaining biofilm. Results were analysed by two 3‐way mixed‐design ANOVAs (α = 0.05). A Computational Fluid Dynamics model was used to simulate the irrigant flow inside the artificial root canal system.ResultsThe flow rate during phase 1 and additional irrigation during phase 2 had a significant effect on the percentage of the remaining biofilm in the isthmus (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001). Additional irrigation during phase 2 also affected the remaining biofilm in the lateral canal significantly (P ≤ 0.007) but only when preceded by irrigation at medium or high flow rate during phase 1. The effect of NaOCl concentration was not significant (P > 0.05). Irrigant velocity in the isthmus and lateral canal increased with increasing flow rate and it was substantially correlated to biofilm removal from those areas.ConclusionsThe irrigant flow rate affected biofilm removal in vitro more than NaOCl concentration. Irrigant velocity predicted by the computer model corresponded with the pattern of biofilm removal from the simulated isthmus and lateral canal.
Comparison of efficacy of noncultured hair follicle cell suspension and noncultured epidermal cell suspension in repigmentation of leukotrichia and skin patch in vitiligo: a randomized trial
Authors: Gunaabalaji D. R. , Pangti Rashi , Challa Apoorva , Chauhan Suman , Sahni Kanika , Arava Sudheer Kumar , Sethuraman Gomathy , Vishnubhatla Sreenivas , Sharma Vinod Kumar , Gupta Somesh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo manifests as hypo‐ to de‐pigmented macules, which are sometimes associated with leukotrichia. For complete cosmetic improvement, the repigmentation of leukotrichia is an important component.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial included patients with stable vitiligo with leukotrichia. Two vitiligo patches in each patient were randomized to receive either of the two procedures. The patients were followed up for 9 months posttransplantation. The efficacy of hair follicle cell suspension (HFCS) with epidermal cell suspension (ECS) in repigmentation of leukotrichia and skin in vitiligo was compared.ResultsA total of 20 patients underwent the procedure, and 19 completed the follow‐up. The area of the vitiligo patch and the number of leukotrichia in the patches were comparable between the two groups. There was a significant difference in the mean ± S.D. number of cells transplanted between the two groups (5.06 × 105 in HFCS vs. 39.8 × 105 in ECS, P < 0.0001). The percentage viability of cells and proportion of melanocytes were comparable between the two groups. A total of 10 patients in HFCS and eight patients in ECS had repigmentation of leukotrichia. The mean ± S.D. percentages of depigmented hair showing repigmentation at nine months were 7.42 ± 11.62% in HFCS and 11.42 ± 17.90% in ECS (P = 0.4195), whereas the mean ± S.D. percentage repigmentation of vitiligo patches was 61.58 ± 42.68% in HFCS and 78.68 ± 30.03% in ECS (P = 0.1618).ConclusionsThe mean number of cells transplanted in the HFCS group was about eight times less than those in ECS. ECS was better than HFCS in repigmentation of leukotrichia and vitiligo, although the difference was not statistically significant.