bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An examination of the e-government service value chain
Authors: Kumar Rajiv , Kumar Ritu , Sachan Amit , Gupta Piyush 
Published: June 2020

PurposeE-government quality (e-GovQual) and e-government user value (e-GUV) are multidimensional concepts. While previous studies have identified apparent factors influencing e-government satisfaction (e-GovSat) and e-government adoption intention (e-GovAI), such as e-GovQual and e-GUV, but they have neglected to explain the influence of the dimensions of these two concepts. The purpose of this research is to study e-government service value chain (e-GSVC) one-GovQual dimensions, e-GUV dimensions, e-GovSat and e-GovAI.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs a quantitative method to test the hypotheses and validate the proposed model. Data are collected from 378 e-government users across different parts of India comprising of different demographic characteristics. The model is analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings highlight the impact of the dimensions of e-GovQual (efficiency, trust, reliability and citizen support) on the dimensions of e-GUV (functional, economic, social and emotional value) as e-GUV dimensions affect e-GovSat, which in turn influences e-GovAI. The results validate the e-GSVC and also stress the partial mediating role of the dimensions of e-GUV on the relationship between the dimensions of e-GovQual and e-GovSat.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size of 378 may not be a proper representation of a country like India, which has huge diversity within its vast population.Practical implicationsThe study offers practitioners a clear picture and a useful guide to better understand the drivers of value, satisfaction and adoption in the case of e-government users.Originality/valueThis study is probably the first attempt toward demonstrating the process influencing e-GovSat via e-GUV dimensions originating from excellent e-GovQual dimensions to ultimately trigger e-GovAI.
The effects of self-reflection on individual intellectual capital
Authors: Wang Zhining , Cai Shaohan , Liu Mengli , liu Dandan , Meng Lijun 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to develop a tool measuring individual intellectual capital (IIC) and investigate the relationship between self-reflection and IIC.Design/methodology/approachThis study developed a theoretical model based on social cognitive theory and the literature of self-reflection and intellectual capital (IC). This research collected responses from 502 dyads of employees and their direct supervisors in 150 firms in China, and the study tested the research model using structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsThe results indicate that three components of self-reflection, namely, need for self-reflection, engagement in self-reflection and insight, significantly contribute to all the three components of IIC, such as individual human capital, individual structural capital and individual relational capital. The findings suggest that need for self-reflection is the weakest component to impact individual human capital and individual relationship capital, while insight is the one that mostly enhances individual structural capital.Practical implicationsThis paper suggests that managers can enhance employees' IIC by facilitating their self-reflection. Managers can develop appropriate strategies based on findings of this study, to achieve their specific goals.Originality/valueFirst, this study develops a tool for measuring IIC. Second, this study provides an enriched theoretical explanation on the relationship between self-reflection and IIC – by showing that the three subdimensions of self-reflection, such as need, engagement and insight, influence the three subdimensions of IIC, such as individual human capital, individual structural capital and individual relational capital.
Analysis on the operation mechanism of the ecosystem of crowd innovation space based on grounded theory
Authors: Wei Wu , Ni Hui 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the operation mechanism of the ecosystem of crowd innovation space. Though the crowd innovation space is a new product of China's innovation-driven strategy, there are some barriers in operation. So, this problem is worthy of study.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, data were obtained through four-month field investigation and semistructured interview, then classified and analyzed through grounded theory, because grounded theory is conducive to the exploration and discovery of new theories.FindingsThis study finds that the relationship between makerspace and entrepreneurs is strong social relational embeddedness. The relationship between crowd innovation space and governments and investment institutions is economic relational embeddedness. Under these social network ties, entrepreneurs, crowd innovation space, social investment institutions and so on can interact directly with each other to different degrees, carry out value cocreation activities and improve the benefits of all elements in the ecosystem and the ecosystem itself.Originality/valueThis study researches the operation mechanism of crowd innovation space ecosystem and identifies the ties between various elements in the ecosystem on the perspective of social network, which is conducive to improve the self-generating capacity of crowd innovation space and enhance the success rate of entrepreneurship.
Customer journey analyses in digital media: exploring the impact of cross-media exposure on customers' purchase decisions
Authors: Klein Jan F. , Zhang Yuchi , Falk Tomas , Aspara Jaakko , Luo Xueming 
Published: June 2020

PurposeIn the age of digital media, customers have access to vast digital information sources, within and outside a company's direct control. Yet managers lack a metric to capture customers' cross-media exposure and its ramifications for individual customer journeys. To solve this issue, this article introduces media entropy as a new metric for assessing cross-media exposure on the individual customer level and illustrates its effect on consumers' purchase decisions.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on information and signalling theory, this study proposes the entropy of company-controlled and peer-driven media sources as a measure of cross-media exposure. A probit model analyses individual-level customer journey data across more than 25,000 digital and traditional media touchpoints.FindingsCross-media exposure, measured as the entropy of information sources in a customer journey, drives purchase decisions. The positive effect is particularly pronounced for (1) digital (online) versus traditional (offline) media environments, (2) customers who currently do not own the brand and (3) brands that customers perceive as weak.Practical implicationsThe proposed metric of cross-media exposure can help managers understand customers' information structures in pre-purchase phases. Assessing the consequences of customers' cross-media exposure is especially relevant for service companies that seek to support customers' information search efforts. Marketing agencies, consultancies and platform providers also need actionable customer journey metrics, particularly in early stages of the journey.Originality/valueService managers and marketers can integrate the media entropy metric into their marketing dashboards and use it to steer their investments in different media types. Researchers can include the metric in empirical models to explore customers' omni-channel journeys.
Uncertain risk: assessing open data signals
Authors: Washington Anne L. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeOpen data resources contain few signals for assessing their suitability for data analytics. The purpose of this paper is to characterize the uncertainty experienced by open data consumers with a framework based on economic theory.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on information asymmetry theory about market exchanges, this paper investigates the practical challenges faced by data consumers seeking to reuse open data. An inductive qualitative analysis of over 2,900 questions asked between 2013 and 2018 on an internet forum identified how a community of 15,000 open data consumers expressed uncertainty about data sources.FindingsOpen data consumers asked direct questions that expressed uncertainty about the availability, interoperability and interpretation of data resources. Questions focused on future value and some requests were devoted to seeking data that matched known sources. The study proposes a data signal framework that explains uncertainty about open data within the context of control and visibility.Originality/valueThe proposed framework bridges digital government practice to information signaling theory. The empirical evidence substantiates market aspects of open data portals. This paper provided a needed case study of how data consumers experience uncertainty. The study integrates established theories about risk to improve the reuse of open data.
Insecticidal activity of Origanum majorana L. essential oil as anti‐cholinergic agent
Authors: Prabu Sivaprasath , Jing Dapeng , Chandran Viswanathan , Mathew Preethy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present study was focused on exploring the presence of active compounds in Origanum majorana essential oil (OmEO), and its various knock‐down effects against the rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica. GC–MS analysis detected the existence of major compounds such as monoterpenes, cis‐β‐terpineol and terpinen‐4‐ol with the total proportion of 52.16%. Fumigant toxicity against adult and larvae was calculated with an LC50 value of 11.31 and 49.83 μL/L air, respectively. The contact toxicity against adult, pupa, larvae and eggs was observed with LC50 value 2.54, 0.95, 2.78, and 0.49 μL/L, respectively. Furthermore, the influential repellent behavior against adults has been observed. Acetylesterase (AChE) inhibition activity of OmEO was observed against adult and larvae of C. cephalonica with an IC50 value of 35.89 and 118.54 μL/mL, respectively. Moreover, computational docking study revealed the binding affinity of Cis‐β‐terpineol and terpinen‐4‐ol towards the active binding sites of AChE. On the other hand, Fluorescence‐assisted cytometry and comet assay confirmed the cytotoxic and genotoxic effect of OmEO at various concentrations on C. cephalonica. Altogether, the results showed the knock‐down effect of OmEO against C. cephalonica, and it could be a potential biocontrol measure against the stored product pest.
Wild bee (Apiformes) communities in contrasting habitats within agricultural and wooded landscapes: implications for conservation management
Authors: Twerd Lucyna , Sobieraj‐Betlińska Anna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Semi‐natural habitats are characterized by a high diversity of wildlife. However, other areas, e.g. old fields, can also play an important role in biodiversity conservation.
We assessed the species richness, abundance, and diversity of wild bees (Apiformes), including species of various functional groups in two contrasting and differently managed landscape types. For this study, we selected 15 xerothermic or sandy grasslands or extensively managed fresh meadows located in agricultural landscapes as well as 15 old fields located in wooded landscapes. The study sites differed in area, stage of succession, and management regime.
We did not detect any significant differences in total species richness, abundance, and diversity of Apiformes between the two landscape types, which suggests that both semi‐natural habitats and old fields are highly attractive to bees. The two habitat types, however, differed in species composition and proportions of functional groups. We found that in wooded landscapes, eusocial, hive‐nesting, and large‐sized species increased in abundance.
The collected information on the preferences of Apiformes in respect of various habitats and landscapes makes it possible to protect and restore valuable habitats through the implementation of suitable methods of management, both locally and on the scale of landscapes.
A systematic review and trial sequential analysis of intravenous vs. oral peri‐operative paracetamol
Authors: Mallama M. , Valencia A. , Rijs K. , Rietdijk W. J. R. , Klimek M. , Calvache J. A. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryPostoperative pain might be different after intravenous vs. oral paracetamol. We systematically reviewed randomised controlled trials in patients >15 years that compared intravenous with oral paracetamol for postoperative pain. We identified 14 trials with 1695 participants. There was inconclusive evidence for an effect of route of paracetamol administration on postoperative pain at 0–2 h (734 participants), 2–6 h (766 participants), 6–24 h (1115 participants) and >24 h (248 participants), with differences in standardised mean (95%CI) pain scores for intravenous vs. oral of −0.17 (−0.45 to 0.10), −0.09 (−0.24 to 0.06), 0.06 (−0.12 to 0.23) and 0.03 (−0.22 to 0.28), respectively. Trial sequential analyses suggested that a total of 3948 participants would be needed to demonstrate a meaningful difference in pain or its absence at 0–2 h. There were no differences in secondary outcomes. Intravenous paracetamol is more expensive than oral paracetamol. Substitution of oral paracetamol in half the patients given intravenous paracetamol in our hospital would save around £ 38,711 (€ 43,960 or US$ 47,498) per annum.
Semiparametric regression calibration for general hazard models in survival analysis with covariate measurement error; surprising performance under linear hazard
Authors: Wang Ching‐Yun , Song Xiao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObservational epidemiological studies often confront the problem of estimating exposure‐disease relationships when the exposure is not measured exactly. Regression calibration (RC) is a common approach to correct for bias in regression analysis with covariate measurement error. In survival analysis with covariate measurement error, it is well known that the RC estimator may be biased when the hazard is an exponential function of the covariates. In the paper, we investigate the RC estimator with general hazard functions, including exponential and linear functions of the covariates. When the hazard is a linear function of the covariates, we show that a risk set regression calibration (RRC) is consistent and robust to a working model for the calibration function. Under exponential hazard models, there is a trade‐off between bias and efficiency when comparing RC and RRC. However, one surprising finding is that the trade‐off between bias and efficiency in measurement error research is not seen under linear hazard when the unobserved covariate is from a uniform or normal distribution. Under this situation, the RRC estimator is in general slightly better than the RC estimator in terms of both bias and efficiency. The methods are applied to the Nutritional Biomarkers Study of the Women's Health Initiative.
Communication behaviours of children with cerebral palsy who are minimally verbal
Authors: Mei Cristina , Fern Bethany , Reilly Sheena , Hodgson Madeleine , Reddihough Dinah , Mensah Fiona , Morgan Angela 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is a lack of population‐based studies exploring the communicative behaviours of minimally verbal children with cerebral palsy (CP), with factors associated with superior and poorer communication outcomes unknown. This study aimed to examine the communication behaviours of minimally verbal children with CP recruited from a representative community sample and to identify factors associated with communication outcomes.MethodsTwenty minimally verbal children aged 5–6 years, recruited through the Victorian Cerebral Palsy Register, completed the Communication and Symbolic Behaviour Scales–Developmental Profile (CSBS‐DP). Linear regressions examined child‐related and environmental factors associated with communication outcomes.ResultsCSBS‐DP total raw scores ranged from 0 to 113. Strengths were the use of conventional gestures and understanding of language. Challenges were noted in using sequential action schemes during play. Communication typically served to regulate the behaviour of others. All participants demonstrated reduced functional communication (Communication Function Classification System levels III–IV). In the multivariable regression model adjusted for cognition, poorer communication skills were associated with Manual Ability Classification System levels IV–V (P = 0.004).ConclusionsAlthough some children with CP who are minimally verbal use a variety of communication functions, significant functional limitations may be apparent. Severe upper limb impairment may provide an early indication of greater communication difficulties.
Vemurafenib‐related photosensitivity
Authors: Eberlein Bernadette , Biedermann Tilo , Hein Rüdiger , Posch Christian 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIncreased photosensitivity is a common cutaneous adverse effect associated with the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib. Clinically, it presents as an immediate sensation of heat and edematous erythema during sun exposure, as well as a sunburn reaction in terms of a late reaction. Phototesting has shown that the UVA range (320 nm to 400 nm), triggers both the immediate and the late reaction. In terms of pathogenesis, photochemical studies have suggested that exposure of vemurafenib to UVA radiation produces an UVA‐absorbing photoproduct. In vitro studies on various cell models have also demonstrated that the phototoxic effects of vemurafenib are exclusively caused by UVA irradiation. This latter mechanism is probably responsible for the photosensitivity clinically observed in patients receiving vemurafenib.In addition, vemurafenib is able to inhibit ferrochelatase. The resulting increase in protoporphyrin IX has also been observed in some human studies involving the drug. However, it is yet unproven whether porphyrins actually contribute to the immediate skin reactions seen in individuals on vemurafenib, even though the clinical presentation is similar to that found in erythropoietic protoporphyria with a comparable pathomechanism.Other BRAF inhibitors, such as dabrafenib and encorafenib, are associated with significantly lower photosensitivity. It is essential that patients treated with vemurafenib are informed about immediate and delayed reactions potentially caused even by low doses of UVA. This includes counseling on photoprotective measures.
The Influence of Various Cerebral and Extracerebral Pathologies on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values in the Fetal Brain
Authors: Schönberg Nadja , Weisstanner Christian , Wiest Roland , Bonél Harald M. , Piechowiak Eike I. , Cullmann Jennifer L. , Raio Luigi , Pastore‐Wapp Manuela , Slavova Nedelina 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe changing MRI signal accompanying brain maturation in fetal brains can be quantified on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Deviations from the natural course of ADC values may reflect structural pathology. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fetal pathologies on the ADC values in different regions of the fetal brain and their evolution with increasing gestational age.METHODSThis was a retrospective study of 291 fetuses evaluated between the 14th and the 40th week of gestation using diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI). Fetuses with normal MRI findings but sonographically suspected pathology or fetuses with abnormalities not affecting the brain were analyzed in the control group and compared to fetuses suffering from different pathologies like hydrocephalus/ventriculomegaly, brain malformations, infections, ischemia/hemorrhage, diaphragmatic hernias, and congenital heart disease. Pairwise ADC measurements in each side of the white matter (WM) of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes, in the basal ganglia and the cerebellum, as well as a single measurement in the pons were performed and were plotted against gestational age.RESULTSIn the control group, brain maturation followed a defined gradient, resulting in lower ADC values in the most mature regions. Each disorder group experienced abnormal patterns of evolution of the ADC values over time deviating from the expected course.CONCLUSIONSThe ADC values in different regions of the fetal brain and their evolution with increasing gestational age are influenced by pathologies compromising the cerebral maturation.
Drift, selection and adaptive variation in small populations of a threatened rattlesnake
Authors: Ochoa Alexander , Broe Michael , Moriarty Lemmon Emily , Lemmon Alan R. , Rokyta Darin R. , Gibbs H. Lisle 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn important goal of conservation genetics is to determine if the viability of small populations is reduced by a loss of adaptive variation due to genetic drift. Here, we assessed the impact of drift and selection on direct measures of adaptive variation (toxin loci encoding venom proteins) in the eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus), a threatened reptile that exists in small isolated populations. We estimated levels of individual polymorphism in 46 toxin loci and 1,467 control loci across 12 populations of this species, and compared the results with patterns of selection on the same loci following speciation ofS. catenatusand its closest relative, the western massasauga (S. tergeminus). Multiple lines of evidence suggest that both drift and selection have had observable impacts on standing adaptive variation. In support of drift effects, we found little evidence for selection on toxin variation within populations and a significant positive relationship between current levels of adaptive variation and long‐ and short‐term estimates of effective population size. However, we also observed levels of directional selection on toxin loci among populations that are broadly similar to patterns predicted from interspecific selection analyses that pre‐date the effects of recent drift, and that functional variation in these loci persists despite small short‐term effective sizes. This suggests that much of the adaptive variation present in populations may represent an example of “drift debt,” a nonequilibrium state where present‐day levels of variation overestimate the amount of functional genetic diversity present in future populations.
Infant peripherally inserted central catheter insertion without general anesthesia
Authors: Laing Sarah , Burgoyne Laura L. , Muncaster Michele , Taranath Ajay , Taverner Fiona J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAvoiding anesthesia for infant peripherally inserted central catheter insertion beyond the neonatal period has been the subject of very little research despite this being a high‐risk age group. In our institution, we introduced a “Fast, Feed, and Wrap” technique, previously described for magnetic resonance imaging scans, for infants up to 6 months and weighing under 5.5 kg undergoing peripherally inserted central catheter insertion.AimsThe aim was to report our experience using “Fast, Feed, and Wrap,” in particular the success rate and proportion of qualifying infants who were managed this way.MethodsA retrospective study was undertaken using electronic records and case notes to determine patient age, weight, indication for procedure, anesthetic technique (general anesthesia or “Fast, Feed, and Wrap”), peripherally inserted central catheter details (site of insertion, gauge, and number of lumens), and length of procedure.ResultsFifty‐one infants qualified for “Fast, Feed, and Wrap” over a 42‐month period, 43 were attempted this way and 40 were successful. All infants were greater than 40 weeks postconceptual age at the time of peripherally inserted central catheter insertion under “Fast, Feed, and Wrap,” though 26% were preterm. The average age of babies undergoing “Fast, Feed, and Wrap” was 35 days (IQR 18‐55), and the median weight was 3.78 kg (IQR 3.48‐4.77).ConclusionsInfants younger than 6 months and under 5.5 kg can be managed without general anesthesia for peripherally inserted central catheter insertion using a Fast, Feed, and Wrap technique.