bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tenascin‐C aggravates ventricular dilatation and angiotensin‐converting enzyme activity after myocardial infarction in mice
Authors: Santer David , Nagel Felix , Gonçalves Inês Fonseca , Kaun Christoph , Wojta Johann , Fagyas Miklós , Krššák Martin , Balogh Ágnes , Papp Zoltán , Tóth Attila , Bánhegyi Viktor , Trescher Karola , Kiss Attila , Podesser Bruno K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTenascin‐C (TN‐C) is suggested to be detrimental in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of TN‐C on extracellular matrix organization and its haemodynamic influence in an experimental mouse model of MI and in myocardial cell culture during hypoxic conditions.Methods and resultsMyocardial infarction was induced in TN‐C knockout (TN‐C KO) and wild‐type mice. Six weeks later, cardiac function was studied by magnetic resonance imaging and under isolated working heart conditions. Myocardial mRNA levels and immunoreactivity of TN‐C, TIMP‐1, TIMP‐3, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9, as well as serum and tissue activities of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE), were determined at 1 and 6 weeks after infarction. Cardiac output and external heart work were higher, while left ventricular wall stress and collagen expression were decreased (P < 0.05) in TN‐C KO mice as compared with age‐matched controls at 6 weeks after infarction. TIMP‐1 expression was down‐regulated at 1 and 6 weeks, and TIMP‐3 expression was up‐regulated at 1 week (P < 0.01) after infarction in knockout mice. MMP‐9 level was lower in TN‐C KO at 6 weeks after infarction (P < 0.05). TIMP‐3/MMP‐9 ratio was higher in knockout mice at 1 and 6 weeks after infarction (P < 0.01). ACE activity in the myocardial border zone (i.e. between scar and free wall) was significantly lower in knockout than in wild‐type mice 1 week after MI (P < 0.05).ConclusionsTenascin‐C expression is induced by hypoxia in association with ACE activity and MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 elevations, thereby promoting left ventricular dilatation after MI.
Comprehensive Triacylglycerol Characterization of Oils and Butters of 15 Amazonian Oleaginous Species by ESI‐HRMS/MS and Comparison with Common Edible Oils and Fats
Authors: Fasciotti Maíra , Monteiro Thays V. C. , Rocha Werickson F. C. , Morais Luiz R. B. , Sussulini Alessandra , Eberlin Marcos N. , Cunha Valnei S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Amazon rain forest encompasses an extraordinary source of vegetable oils with many applications, especially for food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. In this work, the main composition of fifteen Amazonian oils and butters are investigated via gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI‐HRMS). Triacylglycerols (TAG) are characterized by their fragmentation spectra and comparison with the LIPID MAPS database, resulting in a detailed compendium of TAG composition of these samples. Over 70 different TAG are putatively annotated per sample and the occurrence of isomers is remarkable, showing that TAG complexity in these samples is considerably higher than ever reported. The TAG composition of the Amazonian samples are also statistically evaluated using principal component analysis (PCA) for comparison to common edible oils such as soybean, corn, coconut, and olive oil. Some tendencies of grouping are observed: butters with medium chain fatty acids (FA); butters with high oleic FA; and oils with high oleic and high linoleic FA contents. This study provided profiles that ensure Amazonian oils and butters authenticity, quality and also aids in understanding their properties and the best applications for each.Practical Applications: It is expected that this comprehensive set of data on the TAG composition of Amazonian oils and butters will help guide the use and applications of these products, providing consumers with the best benefits from a nutritional perspective. Moreover, adulterations could be more easily detected when a database is available, since the chemical composition of certified samples is investigated in this work. Ultimately, this study can encourage the sustainable production and applications of Amazonian oils and appropriate use of Amazon rain forest resources.
Spatial migration of human reward processing with functional development: Evidence from quantitative meta‐analyses
Authors: Yaple Zachary A , Yu Rongjun , Arsalidou Marie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown notable age‐dependent differences in reward processing. We analyzed data from a total of 554 children, 1,059 adolescents, and 1,831 adults from 70 articles. Quantitative meta‐analyses results show that adults engage an extended set of regions that include anterior and posterior cingulate gyri, insula, basal ganglia, and thalamus. Adolescents engage the posterior cingulate and middle frontal gyri as well as the insula and amygdala, whereas children show concordance in right insula and striatal regions almost exclusively. Our data support the notion of reorganization of function over childhood and adolescence and may inform current hypotheses relating to decision‐making across age.
Multiparameter mapping of relaxation (R1, R2*), proton density and magnetization transfer saturation at 3 T: A multicenter dual‐vendor reproducibility and repeatability study
Authors: Leutritz Tobias , Seif Maryam , Helms Gunther , Samson Rebecca S , Curt Armin , Freund Patrick , Weiskopf Nikolaus 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMulticenter clinical and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) studies require a high degree of reproducibility across different sites and scanner manufacturers, as well as time points. We therefore implemented a multiparameter mapping (MPM) protocol based on vendor's product sequences and demonstrate its repeatability and reproducibility for whole‐brain coverage. Within ~20 min, four MPM metrics (magnetization transfer saturation [MT], proton density [PD], longitudinal [R1], and effective transverse [R2*] relaxation rates) were measured using an optimized 1 mm isotropic resolution protocol on six 3 T MRI scanners from two different vendors. The same five healthy participants underwent two scanning sessions, on the same scanner, at each site. MPM metrics were calculated using the hMRI‐toolbox. To account for different MT pulses used by each vendor, we linearly scaled the MT values to harmonize them across vendors. To determine longitudinal repeatability and inter‐site comparability, the intra‐site (i.e., scan‐rescan experiment) coefficient of variation (CoV), inter‐site CoV, and bias across sites were estimated. For MT, R1, and PD, the intra‐ and inter‐site CoV was between 4 and 10% across sites and scan time points for intracranial gray and white matter. A higher intra‐site CoV (16%) was observed in R2* maps. The inter‐site bias was below 5% for all parameters. In conclusion, the MPM protocol yielded reliable quantitative maps at high resolution with a short acquisition time. The high reproducibility of MPM metrics across sites and scan time points combined with its tissue microstructure sensitivity facilitates longitudinal multicenter imaging studies targeting microstructural changes, for example, as a quantitative MRI biomarker for interventional clinical trials.
Assessing water footprint of large cardamom and developing management strategy in Sikkim, India*
Authors: Kusre B.C. , Bora Pradip K. , Rai Deependra , Gajmer Lochan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe term ‘water footprint’ refers to the quantity of water used to produce each of the goods and services we use. It is a decision support tool that can account for and manage water‐related risk within a production system. In the present study the water footprint of large cardamom was estimated for the state of Sikkim (India). Large cardamom is the principal cash crop of the state. In the study it was observed that the yearwise crop water requirement (CWR) was 143, 92.9, 134, 125 and 109 mm. As large cardamom is grown under unirrigated conditions, a green water footprint (WFproc,green)was estimated. The estimated WFproc,greenfor production of 1 kg of cardamom (2012–2016) varied from 27.5 to 32.6 m3. The effective rainfall varied from 1290 mm (in 2012) to 1470 mm (in 2013), which was higher than the CWR (785–807 mm). Although the effective rainfall is more than CWR most of it is concentrated in 6 rainy months only. During November to March CWR varied from 92.9 to 143 mm. The study indicated scope for taking up large cardamom intensively by adopting appropriate water and crop management practices making it more profitable.
Does predation by the omnivorous Gammarus fossarum affect small‐scale distribution of macroinvertebrates? A case study from a calcareous spring fen
Authors: Georgievová Berenika , Zhai Marie , Bojková Jindřiška , Šorfová Vanda , Syrovátka Vít , Polášková Vendula , Schenková Jana , Horsák Michal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOur understanding of functional roles of aquatic invertebrate taxa is still limited even for common species, although being crucial for explanations of patterns observed in natural communities. As only recently shown, the common native European amphipod Gammarus fossarum, traditionally treated as a shredder of leaf litter, shows predatory behaviour which may influence the composition of invertebrate assemblages. However, the evidence for the predation effect of G. fossarum on natural assemblages at the within‐site scale is still lacking. Therefore, we collected 50 quantitative samples of macroinvertebrates along with the important environmental variables within a heterogeneous calcareous spring fen. Using linear regression, we explored the relationships between the abundance of G. fossarum (separately adult and juvenile) and the abundance and number of taxa for two groups of invertebrates differing in their susceptibility to predation, (a) hard‐bodied taxa with protective body structures, such as shells and calcified cuticles, and (b) soft‐bodied taxa without those protections. We separated the effect of G. fossarum from that of environmental conditions using variation partitioning. Our results showed that only the abundance of soft‐bodied invertebrates was negatively correlated with the abundance of adult G. fossarum. However, the proportion of variation explained purely by predation (5.5%) was much lower than the one explained by the environment (33.8%). Both G. fossarum and soft‐bodied invertebrates were positively associated with organic matter. Although hard‐bodied invertebrates consisted of only a few taxa, they were more numerous than soft‐bodied invertebrates, and only environmental control was confirmed for them. Despite the limitations of the used correlative approach, we conclude that G. fossarum can significantly control the abundance of vulnerable taxa in natural assemblages. Its predatory effects, however, may be relatively low and easily confounded by the effect of environmental control.
Associations of Breastfeeding, Maternal Smoking, and Birth Weight With Bone Density and Microarchitecture in Young Adulthood: a 25-Year Birth-Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Yi , Wu Feitong , Dwyer Terry , Antony Benny , Winzenberg Tania , Jones Graeme 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We have found that early-life exposures are associated with areal bone mineral density (aBMD) at ages 8 and 16 years. This study aimed to assess whether these associations persist into young adulthood when peak bone mass (PBM) is achieved and extend this analysis to microarchitecture. Participants were followed from perinatal period to 25 years old (n = 201). Outcomes were total body, spine, and hip aBMD (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]), and cortical and trabecular bone measures at the distal radius and tibia (by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography [HRpQCT]). Early-life exposures including breastfeeding, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and birth weight. Sex, weight, height, vegetables, fruit and calcium intake at age 25 years were regarded as potential confounders in the analysis. There were significant interactions between period of gestation and early-life exposures for bone measures, so all analyses were stratified by period of gestation. Breastfeeding was beneficially associated with hip and total body aBMD, total, cortical and trabecular volumetric BMD (vBMD), cortical thickness, porosity, trabecular number (Tb.N), separation (Tb.Sp), and bone volume fraction (Tb.BV/TV) at radius and/or tibia at age 25 years in participants born prematurely (β ranged from −0.92 to 0.94), but there were no associations in those born at term. Maternal smoking had no association with any DXA/HRpQCT measures in those born prematurely but was detrimentally associated with inner transitional zone porosity and Tb.N (β = 0.40 and β = −0.37, respectively) in those full-term participants. Associations of birth weight with bone measures did not persist after adjustment for weight gain since birth. Breastfeeding was associated with a lower risk of lower limb fractures and maternal smoking had a deleterious association with upper limb fractures. In conclusion, breastfeeding and maternal smoking may have effects on peak bone microarchitecture whereas the association with birth weight is countered by subsequent growth. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Pilot study of a new online extracorporeal photopheresis system in patients with steroid refractory or dependent chronic graft vs host disease
Authors: Radwanski Katherine , Burgstaler Edwin , Weitgenant Jennifer , Dale Heather , Heber Cheryl , Winters Jeffrey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundA new protocol has been developed on the Amicus Separator that enables the device to perform online extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) procedures when used in conjunction with the Phelix photoactivation device and associated disposable kit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and performance of the Amicus ECP System in adult subjects with steroid‐refractory or dependent chronic graft vs host disease (cGVHD).Study Design and MethodsEight subjects with mild to severe cGVHD underwent 31 procedures. Subject safety evaluations were performed pre and post procedure and adverse events (AEs) were recorded during treatment and 24 hours after the last procedure. In vitro evaluations of the treated cells included hematology counts and lymphocyte apoptosis, viability and proliferation as measures for ECP procedure validation.ResultsFor n = 23 evaluable procedures, median (range) procedure time was 88 (78‐110) minutes, during which 2.9 (0.6‐4.7) × 109 TNCs (approximately 90% MNCs) were treated and reinfused to the subjects. All subject safety evaluations (vitals, cell counts, plasma hemoglobin and bacterial and endotoxin testing) were within expected ranges. All device or procedure related AEs were mild in nature. After 24 hours in culture, 86 (52‐98)% of treated lymphocytes were apoptotic compared to 27 (15‐51)% in controls. Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation was >91% in all procedures.ConclusionECP procedures were safely completed in adult subjects with SR‐cGVHD treated using the new online Amicus ECP system.
Exploring the role of microRNAs in axolotl regeneration
Authors: Abo‐Al‐Ela Haitham G. , Burgos‐Aceves Mario A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum, is used extensively for research in developmental biology, particularly for its ability to regenerate and restore lost organs, including in the nervous system, to full functionality. Regeneration in mammals typically depends on the healing process and scar formation with limited replacement of lost tissue. Other organisms, such as spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus), salamanders, and zebrafish, are able to regenerate some damaged body components. Blastema is a tissue that is formed after tissue injury in such organisms and is composed of progenitor cells or dedifferentiated cells that differentiate into various cell types during regeneration. Thus, identifying the molecules responsible for initiation of blastema formation is an important aspect for understanding regeneration. Introns, a major source of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), have characteristic sizes in the axolotl, particularly in genes associated with development. These ncRNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), exhibit dynamic regulation during regeneration. These miRNAs play an essential role in timing and control of gene expression to order and organize processes necessary for blastema creation. Master keys or molecules that underlie the remarkable regenerative abilities of the axolotl remain to be fully explored and exploited. Further and ongoing research on regeneration promises new knowledge that may allow improved repair and renewal of human tissues.
The thermal ecology and physiology of reptiles and amphibians: A user's guide
Authors: Taylor Emily N. , Diele‐Viegas Luisa M. , Gangloff Eric J. , Hall Joshua M. , Halpern Bálint , Massey Melanie D. , Rödder Dennis , Rollinson Njal , Spears Sierra , Sun Bao‐jun , Telemeco Rory S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractResearch on the thermal ecology and physiology of free‐living organisms is accelerating as scientists and managers recognize the urgency of the global biodiversity crisis brought on by climate change. As ectotherms, temperature fundamentally affects most aspects of the lives of amphibians and reptiles, making them excellent models for studying how animals are impacted by changing temperatures. As research on this group of organisms accelerates, it is essential to maintain consistent and optimal methodology so that results can be compared across groups and over time. This review addresses the utility of reptiles and amphibians as model organisms for thermal studies by reviewing the best practices for research on their thermal ecology and physiology, and by highlighting key studies that have advanced the field with new and improved methods. We end by presenting several areas where reptiles and amphibians show great promise for further advancing our understanding of how temperature relations between organisms and their environments are impacted by global climate change.
Dark world rises: The emergence of cavefish as a model for the study of evolution, development, behavior, and disease
Authors: McGaugh Suzanne E. , Kowalko Johanna E. , Duboué Erik , Lewis Peter , Franz‐Odendaal Tamara A. , Rohner Nicolas , Gross Joshua B. , Keene Alex C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA central question in biology is how naturally occurring genetic variation accounts for morphological and behavioral diversity within a species. The Mexican tetra, Astyanax mexicanus, has been studied for nearly a century as a model for investigating trait evolution. In March of 2019, researchers representing laboratories from around the world met at the Sixth Astyanax International Meeting in Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico. The meeting highlighted the expanding applications of cavefish to investigations of diverse aspects of basic biology, including development, evolution, and disease‐based applications. A broad range of integrative approaches are being applied in this system, including the application of state‐of‐the‐art functional genetic assays, brain imaging, and genome sequencing. These advances position cavefish as a model organism for addressing fundamental questions about the genetics and evolution underlying the impressive trait diversity among individual populations within this species.
Long non‐coding RNA AGAP2‐AS1 accelerates cell proliferation, migration, invasion and the EMT process in colorectal cancer via regulating the miR‐4,668‐3p/SRSF1 axis
Authors: Li Hesheng , Guo Song , Zhang Mingkai , Li Lin , Wang Feng , Song Bingtan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a frequently occurring tumor. Although a number of long noncoding RNAs have been researched in CRC, the expression, function and mechanism of AGAP2‐AS1 remains poorly investigated.MethodsGene expression was analyzed by a quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain rreaction and western blot analyses. Cell counting kit‐8, colony formation and Transwell assays were utilized to explore the functional role of AGAP2‐AS1 in CRC. Luciferase reporter, RNA pull down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were implemented to verify relationships between RNA molecules.ResultsIn the present study, AGAP2‐AS1 was unveiled as highly expressed in CRC cell lines compared to normal cells. AGAP2‐AS1 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and the epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition process. Interestingly, AGAP2‐AS1 sponges miR‐4,668‐3p to release SRSF1 in CRC. Furthermore, in the rescue functional assay, miR‐4,668‐3p down‐regulation exacerbated the malignant behaviors of AGAP2‐AS1‐depleted CRC cells, whereas such effects were further offset by SRSF1 knockdown.ConclusionsAGAP2‐AS1 facilitates cell proliferation, motility and EMT in CRC via targeting the miR‐4,668‐3p/SRSF1 axis. AGAP2‐AS1 or SRSF1 may have potential as underlying therapeutic targets for CRC patients.
Prognostic implication of high grade biliary intraepithelial neoplasia in bile duct resection margins in patients with resected perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Shin Dakyum , Lee Sojung , Lee Jae Hoon , Hong Seung‐Mo , Park Seo Young , Yoo Changhoon , Lee Woohyung , Song Ki Byung , Hwang Dae Wook , Kim Song Cheol 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn surgery for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHCC), it is still controversial as to whether additional resection of the bile duct is needed on high grade (HG) biliary intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN) margin.MethodsPatients who underwent surgery for PHCC with curative intent between 2001 and 2015 were stratified by resection margin, and were analyzed comparing the clinical outcomes.ResultsOf the 306 study participants, 217 patients had negative margins (R0), 18 patients had HG BilIN, and 71 patients had positive margins (R1). The median overall survival was 36.0 months in the R0 group, 41.0 months in the HG BilIN group, and 25.0 months in the R1 group while overall survival rates at 5 years were 34.5% in the R0 group, 44.4% in the HG BilIN group, and 21.0% in the R1 group. The median disease‐free survival was 15.0 months in the R0 group, 16.5 months in the HG BilIN group, and 12.0 months in the R1 group.ConclusionsAlthough the HG BilIN group had neoplasia with malignant potential, survival and recurrence outcomes were comparable to those of the R0 group, which suggests that no additional resection is needed when the maximal bile duct margin in PHCC surgery contains HG BilIN.