bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Layer-By-Layer Coating of Sesame Oil in Alginate-Chitosan Beads for Enteric Coating and Sustained Release
Authors: Abueta Somaia , Ab Hadi Hazrina , Doolaanea Abd Almonem , Aloqyli Abdullah Mohammed 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Medical uses of alginate-chitosan beads have been growing widely in recent years due to their varied applications in pharmaceutical and biomedical technology. Moreover, a variety of research have used drug encapsulation in the alginate-chitosan matrix to facilitate the enteric coating and sustained release of therapeutic molecules. Sesame oil has various medical applications as it contains a significant amount of lignans, which enhance its antioxidant function and anti-inflammatory effects for external or internal medical uses. In addition, it has contributed to the treatment of several inflammatory bowel diseases. Layer-by-layer assembly provides an effective coating for drugs, improving the oil instability in the gastric media, preventing drug leakage, and elongating the release time for sesame oil. This study aims to encapsulate sesame oil in alginate-chitosan beads and to optimize the formulation for enteric coating.
Method: Consuming sesame oil directly will not enable gastrointestinal tract to obtain the desired quantity of active ingredients in the oil due to the early degradation of oil. Therefore, the beads were prepared by using the external gelation method with layer-by-layer technique to provide multicoated layers. To illustrate, the usage of layer-by-layer assembly for the encapsulated alginate-sesame oil beads was accomplished by alginate and chitosan polysaccharides. A stability test was held to ensure the formulation stability during the study. In addition, the beads were characterized for particle size, roundness, and in-vitro drug release in different simulated buffers.
Results: This study revealed that the layer-by-layer approach is a viable method to obtain a sesame oil alginate-chitosan bead formulation for enteric coating and sustained release. Formulation coated layer-by-layer provided a successful pass of the stomach system whereas 68% of cumulative drug release occurred in the intestine within 5 h. To illustrate, during 135 min uncoated beads showed a cumulative drug release of 65% while the same percentage was achieved in 255 min for coated beads.
Conclusion: Sesame oil alginate-chitosan beads could be introduced as a promising carrier for encapsulating essential oils with favourable features.
PVA-PEG Hydrogel Incorporated with Cellulose Nanofibril of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches and Antibacterial Agent Curcumin
Authors: Jafri Nur Huda Syazwani , Asri Arif , Jimat Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dzun Noraini , Syed Shaharuddin Sharifah Imihezri 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The compelling characteristics of hydrogel films, resembling biological tissues, have sparked significant interest for their use in wound healing dressings.
Materials and methods: Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and antibacterial agent of curcumin was incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel prepared via few cycles of freeze-thaw methods. The CNFs were extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) using alkaline-deep eutectic solvent (alkaline-DES) assisting with ultrasonication. The inclusion of CNFs and curcumin were optimized by varying their concentrations and moisture retention content (MRC) was determined as a response.
Results: The PVA-PEG/CNF-curcumin hydrogel achieved a 44.84% MRC via an optimal hydrogel composition comprising 6% (v/w) CNF and 5% (v/w) curcumin. Other physio-chemical properties of the developed hydrogel such as swelling behaviours, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), hydrogel porosity, chemical structural, and antimicrobial resistance were determined as well to observe the effect of incorporating of CNFs and curcumin. The optimized PVA-PEG/CNF-curcumin hydrogel formulation demonstrated a swelling capacity of 26.44%, enhanced porosity of 48%, and a WVTR of 76.73 g/m²h, showed its potential as a promising dressing material with improved characteristics. The PVA-PEG/CNFs-curcumin hydrogel was observed to have high moisture retention content and demonstrated good resistance to gram-positive bacteria (B. subtilis) and lower resistance to gram-negative bacteria (E. coli).
Conclusion: In conclusion, the incorporation of CNFs and curcumin into PVA-PEG hydrogel demonstrated promising characteristics, highlighting its potential as an effective and versatile wound healing dressing with notable antimicrobial properties.
Fabrication, Applications and Future Prospects of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Zohera Fatema , Mohamed Farahidah , Abul Kalam Azad  , May Kyaw Oo  
Published: December 2024

In past decades, nanomedicine has become a prominent area of focus within the discipline of nanotechnology, eliciting significant anticipation within the field of biomedical research. Scientists are creating unique nanoparticles for diagnosis, utilising techniques for imaging as well as therapy applications using medication delivery techniques. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), a recent addition to this area, serve as a sterling example of innovative nanostructures that offer distinctive and exceptional features. These features make them valuable for developing drug delivery systems with consistent and positive advancements in preclinical. MSNs efficiently encapsulate, control, and sometimes deliver biologic agents intracellularly for clinical use due to their distinct physicochemical characteristics, such as high porosity, large surface area, adjustable pore size and dimensions, good biocompatibility, and significant loading capacity. In this article, we discuss the latest advancements in fabrication, their presumed usefulness in delivering medications, and their application as diagnostic tools. It has been demonstrated that silica can store and release therapeutics, such as antibiotics, in a sustained and controlled manner. The desirable properties of MSNs have been further enhanced by modifying the surface of the siliceous frameworks through incorporating supramolecular assemblies and various metal species and their conjugates. These substantial advancements in innovative colloidal inorganic nanocontainers have driven researchers to explore their use in novel applications, such as stimuli (light/ultrasound/ magnetic)-responsive delivery-associated therapies with exceptional in vivo performance. This article provides a brief overview of the fabrication of siliceous frameworks and discusses significant advances in the engineering of MSNs. The precise control of the shape, dimension, homogeneity, and dispersity of MSNs is crucial, as these characteristics are critical quality attributes necessary for regulatory approval. Currently, explicit FDA guidelines for developing nanomaterial-based formulations intended for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes are lacking. Therefore, establishing standardised protocols and techniques for the synthesis and characterisation of nanoparticles, particularly for their use as theranostics, is essential for future commercial potential.
ประสิทธิผลและปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อกระบวนการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบลีน ในห้องพักฟื้น โรงพยาบาลสงขลานครินทร์ :การศึกษาย้อนหลัง
Authors: Oearsakul Maliwan , Siripan Niranuch , Oofuvong Maliwan 
Published: December 2024

บทคัดย่อ
วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อศึกษาประสิทธิผลและปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการเพิ่มเวลาในกระบวนการดูแลผู้ป่วยแบบลีน ในห้องพักฟื้น โรงพยาบาลสงขลานครินทร์
วิธีวิจัย: เป็นการศึกษาย้อนหลังในผู้ป่วยอายุ 15-60 ปี สุขภาพดี มารับบริการผ่าตัดแบบผู้ป่วยใน โดยการให้ยาระงับความรู้สึกแบบทั่วตัว ช่วงเดือน ม.ค. - ธ.ค. 2563 จำนวน 2004 ราย ใช้กระบวนการดูแลผู้ป่วยในห้องพักฟื้นที่พัฒนาด้วยแนวคิดการจัดการแบบลีน (ภาพ 1) ซึ่งผู้วิจัยศึกษาพัฒนาจากงานวิจัยก่อนหน้า(1) ที่ใช้เป็นวัฒนธรรม รวบรวมข้อมูลโดยใช้แบบบันทึกที่ปรับปรุงจากงานวิจัยเดิม
ผลการศึกษา: พบประสิทธิผลด้านต้นทุน มีค่ามัธยฐานระยะเวลารวมดูแลผู้ป่วยในห้องพักฟื้น (Total lead time (TLT)) 45(15,210) นาที มีผู้ป่วยใช้ TLT 30 นาที ร้อยละ 19.6(393) ใช้ TLT ≤ 45 นาที ร้อยละ 57.8(1,158) และใช้ TLT > 45 นาที ร้อยละ 42.2(846) พบการใช้ออกซิเจนแรกรับในห้องพักฟื้นร้อยละ 30.2(605) ลดค่าการใช้ออกซิเจน 272,805 บาท/ปี ประสิทธิผลด้านความปลอดภัย พบอุบัติการณ์ภาวะแทรกซ้อนในระบบทางเดินหายใจในห้องพักฟื้นและใน 24 ชั่วโมงหลังจำหน่ายกลับหอผู้ป่วยร้อยละ 8.8(177) และ2.9(58) ตามลำดับ ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อประสิทธิผลด้านต้นทุน (ใช้ TLT ในห้องพักฟื้น > 45 นาที) อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P<0.05, 95% CI) ประกอบด้วย ตำแหน่งผ่าตัด, การใช้ออกซิเจนแรกรับที่ห้องพักฟื้น, ภาวะแทรกซ้อนในระบบทางเดินหายใจในห้องพักฟื้น, ภาวะคลื่นไส้-อาเจียน ภาวะหนาวสั่น ภาวะแทรกซ้อนอื่นๆในห้องพักฟื้น และภาวะปวด
สรุป: แนวคิดลีนเป็นแนวคิดที่นำเสนอสามารถนำมาใช้ปรับกระบวนการทำงานด้านสุขภาพ(1,16) ช่วย ลดความสูญเปล่า ลดต้นทุนการบริการ เพิ่มผลิตภาพงาน ภายใต้มาตรฐาน คุณภาพ ความปลอดภัยขององค์กร
Dynamic Behaviour of a U-Type Tuned Liquid Damper
Authors: Shyu K.L. , Kuo H.C. 
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the results of a study on a tuned liquid damper (TLD). The TLD uses air and liquid inside a U-shape tank as the mass of dynamic damper of a structure. By using the Lagrange method, the dynamic equation of motion for the fluid inside the structure with this U-shape tuned liquid damper is derived. The natural frequency of the U-shape TLD is determined by finding the peak value of displacements of the liquid versus exciting accelerations. Vibration behaviours of the structure with and without U-shape TLD subjected to a simple harmonic excitation are examined in the time domain. Effects of mass ratio (mass of U-shape TLD/mass of structure) on vibration reduction are also studied.
Time-Domain Motion Computations of Twin- and Mono-Hull Ships in Head Seas
Authors: Ye H.K. , Hsiung C.C. 
Published: December 2024

Wave exciting forces on a restrained body with steady forward speed in the time-domain were computed by the authors (1995). As one step further, radiation forces and ship motions in regular waves are computed in the present paper. With impulse response functions, the integral-differential equations of motions are solved in the time-domain. The same method is also applied to compute the radiation forces of a catamaran with forward speed. The results show that the time-domain computation for ship motions is particularly meaningful in the cases where the forward speed effect is considered. Added mass and damping coefficient of a catamaran with the Lewis-form demi-hull are computed for Froude numbers 0.15 and 0.30. Good agreements with experimental results for heave and pitch motions are obtained. A Wigley hull and a Series 60, CB=0.7 hull are also adopted for the motion computation. The computed results for Froude number 0.20 are compared with experimental results.
Viscous-flow calculations for bare hull DARPA SUBOFF submarine at incidence
Authors: Toxopeus Serge 
Published: December 2024

As part of a multi-nation study regarding CFD validation, conducted by the Submarine Hydrodynamics Working Group, viscous-flow calculations on the unappended hull-form of the DARPA SUBOFF sailing straight ahead and at oblique motion were conducted in order to verify the accuracy of the predictions. The study shows good general agreement with the experiments for local field values as well as for global quantities.
Penggunaan Metode Artificial Neural Network dalam Pembuatan Peta Kerentanan Longsor Wilayah Kabupaten Karanganyar
Authors: Salwa Atilla , Dananjaya Raden Harya , Surjandari Niken Silmi 
Published: December 2024

Tanah longsor menjadi bencana alam yang marak terjadi di Indonesia. Selama sepuluh tahun terakhir terdapat 2975 kejadian tanah longsor yang terjadi di Jawa Tengah, di mana 101 kejadian tanah longsor berada di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat peta kerentanan longsor pada wilayah Kabupaten Karanganyar. Peta kerentanan akan dibagi menjadi lima kelas, yaitu sangat rendah, rendah, sedang, tinggi dan sangat tinggi dengan menggunakan metode natural breaks (jenk’s). Penelitian ini menggunakan 9 faktor pengondisi longsor yaitu jarak terhadap jalan sekunder, jarak terhadap jalan tersier, slope, topographic wetness index (TWI), elevasi, tata guna lahan (landuse), litologi, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), dan hujan. Pembuatan peta dilakukan dengan menggunakan Artificial Neural Network dengan bantuan modul scikit learn dan metode ten-folds cross validation digunakan sebagai metode validasi model yang dihasilkan. Nilai landslide density dihitung pada penelitian ini untuk evaluasi performa dari hasil klasifikasi kerentanan longsor. Parameter machine learning yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah hidden layer sizes, activation, maximum iteration dan random state. Performa model Artificial Neural Network yang dihasilkan menggunakan parameter tersebut menunjukkan hasil yang excellent. Nilai AUC yang didapat pada penelitian ini sebesar 0,9140 dengan nilai ten-folds cross validation 0,7444.
المتغيرات الفيزيائية للمياه والهواء في البصرة ، جنوب العراق
Authors: عبد الله أ. صادق سالم , لفته علي عبد الرضا 
Published: December 2024

يعد نهر شط العرب من الأنهار الحيوية في جنوب العراق كونه مصدرا مهما في مصدر المياه العذبة للبصرة، شط العرب هو نهر مدي ونوع المد من النوع المختلط السائد النصف اليومي، تختلف الخصائص الفيزيائية للمياه والهواء وفقا للموقع الجغرافي في أي موقع من النهر، حيث بينت النتائج بوجود اختلاف في قيم هذه الخصائص في الجزء الشمالي للنهر ما عليه في الجزء الاوسط منه، الرياح الشمالية الغربية هي السائدة في منطقة الدراسة وتليها الرياح الجنوبية الشرقية، تصل أعلى قيمة للرياح 26.1 كم/ساعة وهذه القيمة تسبب توليد امراج في شط العرب وكذلك تعمل على ذوبان الاوكسجين في المياه النهر . تشير قيم درجات الحرارة في منطقة الدراسات بأنها مرتفعة جدا ومنها المتطرفة والتي تجاوزت الخمسين درجة مئوية ، حيث تعد عاملا سلبيا في فقدان كميات من مياه النهر بسبب التبخر . وفقا لتغيرات الملوحة في المحطتين يمكن اعتبار محطة القرنة محطة نهرية عذبة المياه بينما محطة العشار يمكن اعتبارها في كثير من الفترات جزء من رأس مصب شط العرب ، تأثير ظاهرة المد والجزر كان اكثر وضوحا في محطة العشار عما عليه في محطة القرنة .
عهد التسامح الديني في انكلترا 1553-1554 - الملكة ماري انموذجاً
Authors: الزهيري م.م. ناصر ثجيل منصور حسين 
Published: December 2024

تضمن البحث نبذهَّ مختصرة عن حركة الإصلاح الديني في إنكلترا وعهد التسامح فيها, إذ شهدت إنكلترا في القرن السادس عشر, وفي عهدي الملكين هنري الثامن وادوارد السادس حركة إصلاح ديني , وتحول الدين الرسمي فيها من المذهب الكاثوليكي إلى المذهب البروتستانتي ورافقت تلك الإصلاحات اجراءاتً منها إلغاء مراسيم الكاثوليك , واعتقال رجال الدين وسجنهم ونفيهم خارج إنكلترا كذلك إعدام المتشددين منهم وتغير إبرز تعاليم المذهب الكاثوليكي في الكنائس وإصدار كتاب جديد أصبح بموجبة المذهب البروتستانتي المذهب الرئيسي لإنكلترا , وقد لاقت تلك الإصلاحات حركة مقاومة من الكاثوليك الذين تزعمتهم الأميرة ماري الاولى ولي عهد انكلترا , كذلك تضمن البحث عهد التسامح الديني في بداية عهد الملكة ماري وأهم الخطوات التي اتبعتها في تنفيذ سياستها , إذ كان من المتوقع بسبب عقيدتها الكاثوليكية أن تبدأ عهدها باضطهاد البروتستانت وقمعهم لكنها أظهرت خلاف ذلك , واتبعت سياسة التسامح الديني التي تمثلت في إعادة البابا رئيساً للكنيسة الإنكليزية والإعفاء عن البروتستانت والحفاظ على مناصبهم السابقة مقابل تخليهم وارتدادهم عن المذهب البروتستانتي والعدوة للكاثوليكية , فضلاً عن ذلك سمحت للمتمسكين بالبروتستانتية مغادرة إنكلترا مع ممتلكاتهم , وأعدت برنامج لتثقيف الكاثوليك لجعلهم قادرين على العمل لمواجهة البروتستانت وإعادة الكاثوليكية لإنكلترا بدل اتباع سياسة القمع لتحقيق ذلك .
Teachers and students navigating urban violence in Honduras: A view from a school on the margins of El Progreso
Authors: McGrath Antonia 
Published: December 2024

Honduras has some of the highest homicide rates in the world, accompanied by rife criminal violence and organised crime. Recent research has explored links between the state and organised crime, bringing into view Honduras’ political economy of violence (Dudley, 2011, 2016, 2017; Puerta & Dudley, 2017). Yet despite having become foci of urban violence, schools have largely been left out of the picture. This ethnographic research, based on three months of fieldwork at a public high school on the urban margins of the city of El Progreso, explores how the political economy of Honduras’ urban violence is understood and navigated by people at the school through their daily lives. I focus on two examples: first, a police-run gang prevention programme implemented at the school, and second, navigations of the reflections and reproductions of gang structures and dynamics from the barrio at the school. The findings generate insights into how teachers and students respond to the ongoing enmeshment between state and non-state actors in urban violence in Honduras.
Resumen: Profesores y alumnos navegando la violencia urbana en Honduras: Una visión desde una escuela en los márgenes de El Progreso
Honduras tiene una de las tasas de homicidio más altas del mundo, acompañada de una violencia criminal y un crimen organizado muy extendidos. Investigaciones recientes han explorado los vínculos entre el Estado y el crimen organizado, resaltando la economía política de la violencia en el país (Dudley, 2011, 2016, 2017; Puerta y Dudley, 2017). Sin embargo, a pesar de haberse convertido en focos de violencia urbana, las escuelas han quedado en gran medida al margen. Esta investigación etnográfica, basada en tres meses de trabajo de campo en una escuela secundaria pública en los márgenes urbanos de la ciudad de El Progreso, explora cómo la economía política de la violencia urbana de Honduras es entendida y navegada por la gente en la escuela a través de su vida cotidiana. Centrándose en dos ejemplos: en primer lugar, un programa de prevención de pandillas dirigido por la policía e implementado en la escuela y, en segundo lugar, las reflexiones y reproducciones de las estructuras y dinámicas de las pandillas del barrio en la escuela. Los resultados permiten comprender cómo profesores y alumnos responden a la actual interrelación entre actores estatales y no estatales en la violencia urbana de Honduras.
Resident Wild Birds: A Potential Source for Fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli
Authors: Neloy Fahim Haque , Rana Md Liton , Punom Sadia Afrin , Rahman Md Tanvir 
Published: December 2024

Antibiotic resistance, commonly known as antimicrobial resistance, is a major global health concern. In Bangladesh, resident wild birds such as the house crow, common myna, and house sparrow can be found near human settlements all year. As a result, these birds could carry fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli. We collected 134 freshly dropped fecal samples for this study. E. coli was confirmed using morphological characteristics from culture plates as well as PCR. The Antibiogram of the target isolates was determined by a disk diffusion method and the presence of any resistant genes in the isolates was determined by PCR. About 83% of the common wild birds were found positive for E. coli in their fecal samples. In the antibiogram study about 16 to 40% of isolates were found resistant to different fluoroquinolones. Forty-five percent of isolates were found to carry the fluoroquinolone-resistant gene qnrA, whereas the qnrS gene was absent in all the isolates. All of the isolates examined were found to be resistant to ampicillin and ceftazidime. There are no published data on fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolated from common resident wild birds in Bangladesh. Our data imply that house crow, common myna, and house sparrow could be a possible source for the spread of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli in the environment.
J. of Sci. and Tech. Res. 6(1): 83-88, 2024
Does the modified shuttle test exhibit a ceiling effect in healthy and cystic fibrosis children and adolescents?
Authors: Amor-Barbosa Marta , Salazar-Pérez Fernanda , Vendrusculo Fernanda Maria , Bagatini Maria Amélia , Aquino Evanirso da Silva , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The modified shuttle test-15 (MST-15) is a valid alternative for assessing exercise capacity when a cardiopulmonary exercise testing is not feasible. This study aims to describe the percentage of healthy and cystic fibrosis (CF) children and adolescents reaching the MST-15 ceiling. Additionally, it examines associations between MST-15 distance and demographic, anthropometric, and lung function data.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study involved 286 healthy volunteers (11.5 ± 3.3 years) and 70 CF patients (11.9 ± 4.4 years). Data on age, gender, weight, height, body mass index, lung function, and MST-15 were collected. The ceiling effect was determined by the absolute and relative number of participants reaching the 15th level. Univariate linear regression and correlation analyses were conducted to explore associations with MST-15 distance.
Results: A ceiling effect for the MST-15 was found in 19 healthy participants (6.6%) and 1 CF patient (1.4%). The ceiling effect was correlated with age (r = 0.777 for healthy; r = 0.538 for CF), with no cases under 10 years and reaching 25% in healthy participants aged 17-19. Regression analysis showed significant associations between age and MST-15 distance in healthy participants (β = 53.6) and CF patients (β = 32.1). Additionally, sex was significantly associated with MST-15 distance in healthy participants (β = 107.0), and FEV1 with MST-15 distance in CF patients (β = 31.0).
Conclusions: The ceiling effect on the MST-15 is age-dependent, with no occurrences observed in children under 10 years and a gradual increase in incidence as participants age.
Screening for diabetes and hypertension in adult dental patients: the experience in a Nigerian dental center
Authors: Nnawuihe Ukachi Chiwendu , Adelusi Emmauel Adetolu , Salami Afolake Shakirat , Adebayo Ezekiel Taiwo , Ahaji Lilian Ejije 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to examine the presentation of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in dental patients.MethodsDental patients were screened for hypertension and elevated blood sugar using a sphygmomanometer and a glucometer, respectively.ResultsA total of 102 men and 129 women participated in the study. In total, 69 (29.9%) and 20 (8.7%) participants reported a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, respectively. Adherence to taking hypertensive and diabetic medications as advised by a clinician was reported by 68.0% and 85.0% of patients with known hypertension and diabetes, respectively, of whom 29.8% had uncontrolled hypertension and 29.4% had high blood sugar in the diabetic range (&gt;200 mg/dl). In patients with no history of these diseases, 42 (25.9%) had elevated blood pressure, while 5 (2.4%) had high blood sugar in the diabetic range. The prevalence of hypertension was 37.3% and high blood sugar in the diabetic range was 5.2% in the sample. Individuals with diabetes were 31 times more likely to have hypertension than those without diabetes (odds ratio = 31.06, 95% confidence interval 5.68–169.98, p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionScreening was helpful in the detection of undiagnosed cases and suboptimal control of both diseases in patients. Recommendations for dental practice guidelines include routine screening with mandatory screening for hypertension in patients with diabetes.