bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Renormalization and matching for the Collins-Soper kernel from lattice QCD
Authors: Ebert Markus A. , Stewart Iain W. , Zhao Yong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Collins-Soper kernel, which governs the energy evolution of transverse- momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs), is required to accurately predict Drell-Yan like processes at small transverse momentum, and is a key ingredient for extracting TMDPDFs from experiment. Earlier we proposed a method to calculate this kernel from ratios of the so-called quasi-TMDPDFs determined with lattice QCD, which are defined as hadronic matrix elements of staple-shaped Euclidean Wilson line operators. Here we provide the one-loop renormalization of these operators in a regularization-independent momentum subtraction (RI′/MOM) scheme, as well as the conversion factor from the RI′/MOM-renormalized quasi-TMDPDF to the $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

scheme. We also propose a procedure for calculating the Collins-Soper kernel directly from position space correlators, which simplifies the lattice determination.
Building sophisticated sensors of extracellular cues that enable mammalian cells to work as “doctors” in the body
Authors: Kojima Ryosuke , Aubel Dominque , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMammalian cells are inherently capable of sensing extracellular environmental signals and activating complex biological functions on demand. Advances in synthetic biology have made it possible to install additional capabilities, which can allow cells to sense the presence of custom biological molecules and provide defined outputs on demand. When implanted/infused in patients, such engineered cells can work as intrabody “doctors” that diagnose disease states and produce and deliver therapeutic molecules when and where necessary. The key to construction of such theranostic cells is the development of a range of sensor systems for detecting various extracellular environmental cues that can be rewired to custom outputs. In this review, we introduce the state-of-art engineering principles utilized in the design of sensor systems to detect soluble factors and also to detect specific cell contact, and we discuss their potential role in treating intractable diseases by delivering appropriate therapeutic functions on demand. We also discuss the challenges facing these emerging technologies.
Full-Scale Crustal Interpretation of Kokkola–Kymi (KOKKY) Seismic Profile, Fennoscandian Shield
Authors: Tiira Timo , Janik Tomasz , Skrzynik Tymon , Komminaho Kari , Heinonen Aku , Veikkolainen Toni , Väkevä Sakari , Korja Annakaisa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Kokkola–Kymi Deep Seismic Sounding profile crosses the Fennoscandian Shield in northwest-southeast (NW–SE) direction from Bothnian belt to Wiborg rapakivi batholith through Central Finland granitoid complex (CFGC). The 490-km refraction seismic line is perpendicular to the orogenic strike in Central Finland and entirely based on data from quarry blasts and road construction sites in years 2012 and 2013. The campaign resulted in 63 usable seismic record sections. The average perpendicular distance between these and the profile was 14 km. Tomographic velocity models were computed with JIVE3D program. The velocity fields of the tomographic models were used as starting points in the ray tracing modelling. Based on collected seismic sections a layer-cake model was prepared with the ray tracing package SEIS83. Along the profile, upper crust has an average thickness of 22 km average, and P-wave velocities (Vp) of 5.9–6.2 km/s near the surface, increasing downward to 6.25–6.40 km/s. The thickness of middle crust is 14 km below CFGC, 20 km in SE and 25 km in NW, but Vp ranges from 6.6 to 6.9 km/s in all parts. Lower crust has Vp values of 7.35–7.4 km/s and lithospheric mantle 8.2–8.25 km/s. Moho depth is 54 km in NW part, 63 km in the middle and 43 km in SW, yet a 55-km long section in the middle does not reveal an obvious Moho reflection. S-wave velocities vary from 3.4 km/s near the surface to 4.85 km/s in upper mantle, consistently with P-wave velocity variations. Results confirm the previously assumed high-velocity lower crust and depression of Moho in central Finland.
Selbst berichtete Infektionen in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie – Einordnung in die gegenwärtige Forschungslandschaft
Authors: Hassenstein Max J , Aarabi Ghazal , Ahnert Peter , Becher Heiko , Franzke Claus-Werner , Fricke Julia , Krause Gérard , Glöckner Stephan , Gottschick Cornelia , Karch André , Kemmling Yvonne , Kerrinnes Tobias , Lange Berit , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Nieters Alexandra , Ott Jördis J , Ahrens Wolfgang , Berger Klaus , Meinke-Franze Claudia , Gastell Sylvia , Günther Kathrin , Greiser Karin Halina , Holleczek Bernd , Horn Johannes , Jaeschke Lina , Jagodzinski Annika , Jansen Lina , Jochem Carmen , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Kaaks Rudolf , Krist Lilian , Kuß Oliver , Langer Susan , Legath Nicole , Leitzmann Michael , Lieb Wolfgang , Loeffler Markus , Mangold Nina , Michels Karin B. , Meisinger Christa , Obi Nadia , Pischon Tobias , Schikowski Tamara , Schipf Sabine , Schulze Matthias B. , Stang Andreas , Waniek Sabina , Wirkner Kerstin , Willich Stefan N. , Castell Stefanie 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Infektionen spielen für das Krankheitsempfinden, für gesundheitsökonomische Überlegungen sowie Public Health in Deutschland weiterhin eine wichtige Rolle. Sie wurden in den letzten Jahren außerdem mit der Entstehung von nichtübertragbaren Erkrankungen in Zusammenhang gebracht. Die NAKO Gesundheitsstudie kann Erkenntnisse auf diesem Gebiet vertiefen und damit zielgenaueren präventiven Ansätzen den Weg bereiten.

Ziel
Die infektionsbezogenen Erhebungsinstrumente sollen beschrieben und in Bezug zu Erhebungsarten anderer deutscher Studien gesetzt werden. Zudem werden erste Daten zur Häufigkeit von Infektionskrankheiten berichtet.

Methoden
Fragen zu Infektionskrankheiten wurden in der NAKO-Basiserhebung sowohl im Interview als auch im Selbstausfüllerfragebogen (Touchscreen) gestellt. Es wurden die Daten der ersten 101.787 Teilnehmenden ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Das Auftreten von Herpes Zoster (HZ), Post-Zoster-Neuralgie (bei Angabe von HZ), Hepatitis B/C, HIV/Aids und Tuberkulose im Sinne einer ärztlichen Diagnose bzw. von Sepsis als Grund für eine stationäre Behandlung wurde von 0,2 % (HIV/Aids) bis 8,6 % (HZ) der Befragten im Interview angegeben. Im Touchscreenmodul wurde das mindestens einmalige Auftreten einer Infektion der oberen Atemwege (IOA), der unteren Atemwege, des Magen-Darm-Traktes, der Harnblase oder von Fieber in den letzten 12 Monaten von 12 % (Zystitis) bis 81 % (IOA) berichtet.

Ausblick
Weitere Ergebnisse anhand von Daten aus den hier vorgestellten Fragebögen sind im Querschnittsdesign – beispielsweise zu Determinanten der Anfälligkeit für selbst berichtete Infektionen – ab 2021 zu erwarten. Die Bearbeitung darüber hinausgehender Forschungsfragen der Infektionsepidemiologie wird insbesondere nach Analysen von NAKO-Bioproben möglich sein.
Competing ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer and intersystem crossing of [Re(CO)$$_3$$(Dmp)(His124)(Trp122)]$$^+$$ in Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin: a nonadiabatic dynamics study
Authors: Mai Sebastian , Menger Maximilian F. S. J. , Marazzi Marco , Stolba Dario L. , Monari Antonio , González Leticia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe present a computational study of sub-picosecond nonadiabatic dynamics in a rhenium complex coupled electronically to a tryptophan (Trp) side chain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin, a prototypical protein used in the study of electron transfer in proteins. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the photoinduced processes in this system, we have carried out vertical excitation calculations at the TDDFT level of theory as well as nonadiabatic dynamics simulations using the surface hopping including arbitrary couplings (SHARC) method coupled to potential energy surfaces represented with a linear vibronic coupling model. The results show that the initial photoexcitation populates both singlet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and singlet charge-separated (CS) states, where in the latter an electron was transferred from the Trp amino acid to the complex. Subsequently, a complex mechanism of simultaneous intersystem crossing and electron transfer leads to the sub-picosecond population of triplet MLCT and triplet CS states. These results confirm the assignment of the sub-ps time constants of previous experimental studies and constitute the first computational evidence for the ultrafast formation of the charge-separated states in Re-sensitized azurin.
I-waves in motor cortex revisited
Authors: Ziemann Ulf 
Published: March 2020

AbstractI-waves represent high-frequency (~ 600 Hz) repetitive discharge of corticospinal fibers elicited by single-pulse stimulation of motor cortex. First detected and examined in animal preparations, this multiple discharge can also be recorded in humans from the corticospinal tract with epidural spinal electrodes. The exact underpinning neurophysiology of I-waves is still unclear, but there is converging evidence that they originate at the cortical level through synaptic input from specific excitatory interneuronal circuitries onto corticomotoneuronal cells, controlled by GABAAergic interneurons. In contrast, there is at present no supportive evidence for the alternative hypothesis that I-waves are generated by high-frequency oscillations of the membrane potential of corticomotoneuronal cells upon initial strong depolarization. Understanding I-wave physiology is essential for understanding how TMS activates the motor cortex.
Why some size illusions affect grip aperture
Authors: Smeets Jeroen B. J. , Kleijn Erik , van der Meijden Marlijn , Brenner Eli 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is extensive literature debating whether perceived size is used to guide grasping. A possible reason for not using judged size is that using judged positions might lead to more precise movements. As this argument does not hold for small objects and all studies showing an effect of the Ebbinghaus illusion on grasping used small objects, we hypothesized that size information is used for small objects but not for large ones. Using a modified diagonal illusion, we obtained an effect of about 10% on perceptual judgements, without an effect on grasping, irrespective of object size. We therefore reject our precision hypothesis. We discuss the results in the framework of grasping as moving digits to positions on an object. We conclude that the reported disagreement on the effect of illusions is because the Ebbinghaus illusion not only affects size, but—unlike most size illusions—also affects perceived positions.
On Restricted Colorings of $$\text{(d,s)}$$-Edge Colorable Graphs
Authors: Pham Lan Anh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA cycle is 2-colored if its edges are properly colored by two distinct colors. A (d, s)-edge colorable graphG is a d-regular graph that admits a proper d-edge coloring in which every edge of G is in at least $$s-1$$s-1 2-colored 4-cycles. Given a (d, s)-edge colorable graph G and a list assigment L of forbidden colors for the edges of G satisfying certain sparsity conditions, we prove that there is a proper d-edge coloring of G that avoids L, that is, a proper edge coloring $$\varphi$$φ of G such that $$\varphi (e) \notin L(e)$$φ(e)∉L(e) for every edge e of G. Additionally, this paper also contains a discussion of graphs belonging to the family of (d, s)-edge colorable graphs.
Comprehensive characterization and gene expression patterns of LBD gene family in Gossypium
Authors: Yu Jingwen , Xie Qianwen , Li Cheng , Dong Yating , Zhu Shuijin , Chen Jinhong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMain conclusionA comprehensive account of theLBDgene family ofGossypiumwas provided in this work. Expression analysis and functional characterization revealed thatLBDgenes might play different roles inG. hirsutumandG. barbadense.AbstractThe Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain (LBD) proteins comprise a plant-specific transcription factor family, which plays crucial roles in physiological processes of plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. In the present work, a systematical analysis ofLBDgene family from two allotetraploid cotton species,G. hirsutumandG. barbadense, together with their genomic donor species,G. arboreumandG. raimondii, was conducted. There were 131, 128, 62, and 68LBDsidentified inG. hirsutum,G. barbadense,G. arboreumandG. raimondii, respectively. The LBD proteins could be classified into two main classes, class I and class II, based on the structure of their lateral organ boundaries domain and traits of phylogenetic tree, and class I was further divided into five subgroups. The gene structure and motif composition analyses conducted in bothG. hirsutumandG. barbadenserevealed thatLBDgenes kept relatively conserved within the subfamilies. Synteny analysis suggested that segmental duplication acted as an important mechanism in expansion of the cottonLBDgene family. Cis-element analysis predicated the possible functions ofLBDgenes. Public RNA-seq data were investigated to analyze the expression patterns of cottonLBDgenes in various tissues as well as gene expression under abiotic stress treatments. Furthermore, RT-qPCR results found thatGhLBDshad various expression regulation under MeJA treatments. Expression analysis indicated the differential functions of cottonLBDgenes in response to abiotic stress and hormones.
The Amsterdam Wrist Rules: how much money can they save?
Authors: Mulders Marjolein A. M. , Walenkamp Monique M. J. , Sosef Nico L. , Ouwehand Frank , van Velde Romuald , Goslings J. Carel , Schep Niels W. L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To allow physicians to be more selective in their request for a radiograph of the wrist and to potentially reduce costs, the Amsterdam Wrist Rules (AWR) have been developed, externally validated, and recently also implemented. The aim of this study was to conduct an incremental cost analysis and budget impact analysis of the implementation of the AWR at the emergency department (ED) in the Netherlands.

Methods
A cost-minimisation analysis to determine the expected cost savings for implementation of the Amsterdam Wrist Rules. The incremental difference in costs before and after implementation of the AWR was based on the reduction in costs for radiographs, the cost savings due to reduction of ED consultation times and the costs of a re-evaluation appointment by a physician.

Results
In the Netherlands, implementation of the AWR could potentially result in 6% cost savings per patient with a wrist injury. In addition, implementation of the AWR resulted in €203,510 cost savings annually nationwide. In the sensitivity analysis, an increase in physician compliance to 100% substantially increased the potential total amount of annual cost savings to €610,248, which is 6% of total costs before implementation. Variation in time spent at the ED, a decrease and increase in costs and patients presenting annually at the ED did not change the cost savings substantially.

Conclusion
Implementation of the AWR has been shown to reduce direct and indirect costs and can, therefore, result in considerable savings of healthcare consumption and expenditure.
The pedogenic Walker and Syers model under high atmospheric P deposition rates
Authors: Gallardo Antonio , Fernández-Palacios José María , Bermúdez Alfredo , de Nascimento Lea , Durán Jorge , García-Velázquez Laura , Méndez Javier , Rodríguez Alexandra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Walker and Syers model predict that phosphorus (P) availability decreases with time leading to a final stage known as retrogression. We tested the validity of the Walker and Syers model in the Canary Islands, a soil chronosequence ranging from 300 years to 11 million years under recurrent episodes of atmospheric dust-containing P inputs. In particular, we compared our results with those from the volcanic soil chronosequences described in the Hawaii Islands and in Arizona, as they share key biological and/or geological characteristics. In three islands of the Canarian Archipelago, we selected 18 independent sites dominated by mature Pinus canariensis forests and grouped them into six age classes. For each site, soil samples were analyzed for known proxies of soil nitrogen (N), P and cations availability. We also analyzed the P. canariensis needles for N, P and cation contents. We found tendencies similar to those observed in other soil chronosequences: maximum N and P concentrations at intermediate ages and lower P concentrations in the older soils. The nutrient dynamics suggested that the older sites may indeed be approaching the retrogression stage but at lower rates than in other similar chronosequences. Differences from other chronosequences are likely due to the drier Canarian climate, the higher P deposition rates originating from the nearby Sahara Desert and the top soil horizon studied. Our results confirm the validity of the Walker and Syers model for the Canary Islands despite the influence that the high P deposition rates and the seasonally dry climate may have on soil development and P pools in P. canariensis ecosystems.
Evaluating the implementation of cervical cancer screening programs in low-resource settings globally: a systematized review
Authors: Dykens J. Andrew , Smith Jennifer S. , Demment Margaret , Marshall E. , Schuh Tina , Peters Karen , Irwin Tracy , McIntosh Scott , Sy Angela , Dye Timothy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Cervical cancer disproportionately burdens low-resource populations where access to quality screening services is limited. A greater understanding of sustainable approaches to implement cervical cancer screening services is needed.

Methods
We conducted a systematized literature review of evaluations from cervical cancer screening programs implemented in resource-limited settings globally that included a formal evaluation and intention of program sustainment over time. We categorized the included studies using the continuum of implementation research framework which categorizes studies progressively from “implementation light” to more implementation intensive.

Results
Fifty-one of 13,330 initially identified papers were reviewed with most study sites in low-resource settings of middle-income countries (94.1%) ,while 9.8% were in low-income countries. Across all studies, visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (58.8%) was the most prevalent screening method followed by cytology testing (39.2%). Demand-side (client and community) considerations were reported in 86.3% of the articles, while 68.6% focused scientific inquiry on the supply side (health service). Eighteen articles (35.3%) were categorized as “Informing Scale-up” along the continuum of implementation research.

Conclusions
The number of cervical cancer screening implementation reports is limited globally, especially in low-income countries. The 18 papers we classified as Informing Scale-up provide critical insights for developing programs relevant to implementation outcomes. We recommend that program managers report lessons learnt to build collective implementation knowledge for cervical cancer screening services, globally.
The impact of high stakes oral performance assessment on students’ approaches to learning: a case study
Authors: Iannone Paola , Czichowsky Christoph , Ruf Johannes 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper presents findings from a case study on the impact of high stakes oral performance assessment on third year mathematics students’ approaches to learning (Entwistle and Ramsden, Understanding student learning, 1983). We choose oral performance assessment as this mode of assessment differs substantially from written exams for its dialogic nature and because variation of assessment methods is seen to be very important in an otherwise very uniform assessment diet. We found that students perceived the assessment to require conceptual understanding over memory and were more likely to employ revision strategies conducive to deep learning (akin to conceptual understanding) when preparing for the oral performance assessment than when preparing for a written exam. Moreover, they reported to have engaged and interacted in lectures more than they would have otherwise, another characteristic conducive to deep learning approaches. We conclude by suggesting some implications for the summative assessment of mathematics at university level.
Maternal healthful dietary patterns during peripregnancy and long-term overweight risk in their offspring
Authors: Strohmaier Susanne , Bogl Leonie Helen , Eliassen A. Heather , Massa Jennifer , Field Alison E. , Chavarro Jorge E. , Ding Ming , Tamimi Rulla M. , Schernhammer Eva 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAdherence to healthful dietary patterns is associated with lower body mass index (BMI) in adults; however, whether maternal diet quality during peripregnancy is related to a lower overweight risk in the offspring remains to be elucidated. We investigated the associations between the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) during peripregnancy and offspring weight outcomes in a study including 2729 mother–child pairs from the Nurses’ Health Study II and offspring cohort Growing Up Today Study II. Children, 12–14 years at baseline were 21–23 years at the last follow-up. Overweight or obesity was defined according to International Obesity Task Force (< 18 years) and World-Health-Organization guidelines (18 + years). Maternal dietary patterns were calculated from food frequency questionnaires. Log-binomial models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals. In models adjusted for sex, gestational age at delivery and maternal total energy intake, greater maternal adherence to aMED and DASH, but not AHEI, was associated with lower overweight risk in the offspring (RRQ5 vs Q1 = 0.82 [0.70–0.97] for aMED and 0.86 [0.72–1.04] for DASH, P for trend < 0.05 for both). After additional adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy lifestyle factors and socio-demographic characteristic, none of the diet quality scores were significantly associated with offspring overweight risk. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI did not modify any of these associations. In this population of generally well-nourished women, maternal healthful dietary patterns during the period surrounding pregnancy were not independently associated with offspring overweight risk at ages 12–23 years.
Pelagic seabird density and vulnerability in the Gulf of Mexico to oiling from the Deepwater Horizon/MC-252 spill
Authors: Haney J. C. , Hemming J. M. , Tuttle P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUsing ship-based surveys, the Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA) Trustees assessed the external oiling of offshore and pelagic marine birds inhabiting the northern Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) in the year following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DWH spill). Study objectives were to (1) collect data on pelagic seabirds that were visibly oiled, (2) collect data to estimate abundance of seabirds in offshore and pelagic waters, and 3) document the location and condition of any bird carcasses encountered. Methods employed included strip line transects and station point counts. Surveys were conducted within a study area bound by the Texas-Mexico border and the Dry Tortugas of Florida to the south, and the nearshore coastal waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico. A total of 5665 strip line transects and 386 station point-counts of variable duration were collected during the study. More than 23,000 individual seabirds comprising 45 estuarine, coastal, offshore, and pelagic species were tallied. Average daily abundance of seabirds detected varied from a low of approximately 7 birds/day in November 2010 along regions of the mid- and outer continental shelf to a high of more than 580 birds/day in June 2011 within the near-shore, coastal waters of the northern Gulf.