bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Deep Learning in Global 24/7 Real-Time Earthquake Monitoring at the National Earthquake Information Center
Authors: Yeck William Luther , Patton John M. , Ross Zachary E. , Hayes Gavin P. , Guy Michelle R. , Ambruz Nick B. , Shelly David R. , Benz Harley M. , Earle Paul S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMachine-learning algorithms continue to show promise in their application to seismic processing. The U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) is exploring the adoption of these tools to aid in simultaneous local, regional, and global real-time earthquake monitoring. As a first step, we describe a simple framework to incorporate deep-learning tools into NEIC operations. Automatic seismic arrival detections made from standard picking methods (e.g., short-term average/long-term average [STA/LTA]) are fed to trained neural network models to improve automatic seismic-arrival (pick) timing and estimate seismic-arrival phase type and source-station distances. These additional data are used to improve the capabilities of the NEIC associator. We compile a dataset of 1.3 million seismic-phase arrivals that represent a globally distributed set of source-station paths covering a range of phase types, magnitudes, and source distances. We train three separate convolutional neural network models to predict arrival time onset, phase type, and distance. We validate the performance of the trained networks on a subset of our existing dataset and further extend validation by exploring the model performance when applied to NEIC automatic pick data feeds. We show that the information provided by these models can be useful in downstream event processing, specifically in seismic-phase association, resulting in reduced false associations and improved location estimates.
Occurrence of possible drug related interactions in medical patients in out-patient departments of Pakistan
Authors: Butt Hammad A. , Khan Ammara , Suleman Naveed 
Published: September 2020

Background: Data regarding occurrence of drug-drug interactions in Pakistan is rare. In the current study, we have tried to find out the clinical adversity and frequency witnessed in prescriptions of a medical outpatient department.Methods: Patient prescriptions were analyzed for potential drug-drug interactions. A sample of 364 patients, visited outpatient department who were being prescribed at least two drugs simultaneously using a drug interaction program website.Results: The 364 patients (72.8% male, mean age 57.9±15.2 years) were prescribed a median of six drugs (range 2-13) at OPD visit. Three hundred forty nine patients (95.8%) had at least one potentially interacting drug combination. 2636 potential interactions were seen in the visiting patients. Out of these 124 (4.7%) were of major severity, 1730 (65.6%) moderate and 515 (19.5%). Out of 124 patients with a potential DDI with major severity, no patient was re-hospitalized within 2 months after discharge due to a probable drug-related problem associated with the potential DDI.Conclusions: A large percentage of patients were detected having one or more potential drug-drug interactions, using drug interaction detection program. However, the percentage of patients having clinically adverse consequences due to drug-drug interactions appears to be very low.
Pharmacotherapeutic audit meetings as a tool of improving prescribing practices
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Kant Ravi , Handu Shailendra , Charturvedi Jaya , Bhadoria Ajeet Singh , Dhamija Puneet 
Published: September 2020

Background: Pharmacotherapeutic audit meeting (PTAM) is a good tool to review prescriptions for rationality and suggest measures for improving quality of prescriptions. To promote this, World Health Organization (WHO) and International Network for Rational Use of Drugs (INRUD) provided drug prescribing and drug use indicators. To assess the impact of PTAMs as an intervention for improving quality and rationality of prescriptions.Methods: This was a single centre, prospective study conducted from December 2018-February 2020. Prescriptions from outpatient surgical departments were collected, screened using WHO/INRUD core indicators and discussed in PTAMs. The same process was repeated over next 2 months to assess change in prescribing patterns after PTAM. Chi-square and Student’s t-test was used for statistical analysis.Results: The difference in proportions for antibiotic prescribing was 8.7% [95% CI (1.0%-16.7%), p=0.02]; injectable preparation use was 0.7% [95% CI (-0.4%-2.3%) p=0.23]; prescriptions with generic name drugs was 10.9% [95% CI (5.6-16.2%) p<0.0001] and prescriptions from Essential drug list (EDL) was 8.1% [95% CI (2.5%-13.5%) p=0.0046].Conclusions: Our research showed PTAM could be an effective tool to implement WHO/INRUD drug prescribing indicators robustly. Hence, it could be included in WHO/INRUD policies as an intricate part of institutional healthcare delivery system.
Corona virus response: narrative on how the virus transformed lives in the rural areas of Abia state, Nigeria
Authors: Enwereji E. E. , Ezeama M. C. 
Published: September 2020

Background: Many people in communities especially children and elderly are at risk of losing their lives to pneumonia, diarrhoeal diseases, malaria, HIV and other preventable diseases unless urgent action is taken to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. For instance, disruptions in immunization services for fear of getting infected with the virus will result in more children dying from pneumonia, which already kills many children in rural areas. Limited resources in rural areas may result to lack of basic hand washing facilities at home which form the fundamental mechanism to prevent COVID-19, thereby, expose already vulnerable people in rural areas to infection. Study assessed the extent to which individuals in rural areas effectively practiced preventive measures of COVID-19 infection as outlined by centre for disease control (CDC).Methods: This is qualitative study that utilized collaborative information from 36 health care professionals under the aegis of members of COVID-19 committee working together in partnership with state government to ensure that best quality services are available to control, prevent and cushion effects of COVID-19 during and after the COVID-19 crisis. This study is therefore, snapshot of activities individuals in rural areas take to prevent COVID-19 infection. Results: Findings showed that preventive measures like lockdown and social distancing rules, wearing of face mask, hand washing with soap, and environmental cleanliness were slightly observed thereby, exposing the rural areas to COVID-19 infection. The study observed that public and private life like sexual life, marital life, income, education, employment and social interaction were negatively affected.Conclusion: From the findings of the study, governments’ financial support during the lockdown was insignificant. Therefore, there is need for the governments to provide social amenities to alleviate the numerous socio-economic problems of individuals in the rural areas.
A study of acute coronary syndrome in post-menopausal women
Authors: Nandyal Sharanabasappa , Indikar Mudassir , . Sangappa 
Published: September 2020

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the most common, serious, chronic, life-threatening illness. Account for around half of the global burden from these conditions, i.e. around 17.9 million lives each year, 2020 WHO. Although many factors can influence an individual’s risk for coronary artery disease (CAD), some factors are unique to women, including reproductive status. Menopause is associated with significant elevations in serum cholesterol levels and a threefold increase in risk of CAD. It has been suggested that these changes result from a reduction in the level of estrogen. One in every two women will die of heart disease and stroke, compared with only 1 in 28 who will die of breast cancer. Contrary to the belief that CAD is a man’s disease. So, this study was undertaken to study the risk factors, clinical profile and Complications (in hospital) of Acute coronary syndrome in post-menopausal women. Methods: An observational study conducted in 100 patients with post-menopausal women admitted in Basaveshwar hospital, Kalaburgi, for a period of 6 months. Study subjects selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: 100 post-menopausal women, 80% were above 50 years, mean age was 59.05 years (±9.97 years). The following risk factors were noted, Hypertension (52%), diabetes (36%), obesity (20%), dyslipidaemia (10%), family history of IHD. Chest pain was the most common presenting complaint in 92%. 39% of the patients were admitted after 12 hours of onset of chest pain.Conclusion: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is common in post-menopausal women and they generally present late. Because of the late presentation, the beneficial effects of thrombolytic therapy are denied.
Representation and The Portrayal of Older Characters in 1st and 2nd cycle Student’s Text Books: Policy Implication
Authors: Garuma Desalegn , Shume Bonsa , Mekonnin Dereje 
Published: September 2020

Students often see pictures before reading a text. Hence, pictures in the textbooks influence the attitude of students toward a group that were represented with the pictures. The main objective of this research was to investigate the representation and portrayal of old people in 1st and 2nd cycle students’ textbooks of Ethiopia with its policy implication. A total of 32 primary school textbooks were analyzed within the scope of this study. Document analysis were used as a major data collection method. It was found out that old people were portrayed with positive character that describe their activity in the society, have normal physical appearance, have minimum wrinkles, and socially cooperative. Parent role and grandparent role was used in the portrayal of old people while describing old people in the text books. All these show that variables associated with parental role like love and care were used as unique character of parents and grandparents indicate positive meaning given for the elderly in these text books. Finally, was recommended that curriculum planners should give due attention to pictures in text books since they have hidden agenda that they message to students. Moreover, since male and female were not equally represented in these text books it was recommended to consider it during textbook preparation.
Enfermedades médicas y depresión en el adulto mayor: características comunes y relación etiológica
Authors: Bastidas-Bilbao Hamer 
Published: September 2020

La revisión sistemática de 51 artículos en inglés publicados a partir del año 2000 en las bases de datos PsycNet, Ebsco y Science Direct, revela una alta comorbilidad de depresión en adultos mayores. Asimismo, se observa que los adultos mayores presentaban también enfermedad cerebrovascular, diabetes, Alzheimer y parkinsonismo, con sintomatología similar a la depresión debido al deterioro que provocan. El análisis permitió observar que estas enfermedades pueden anteceder a la depresión sin necesidad de un vínculo anatómico - funcional directo, por cuanto a las implicaciones psicosociales que conllevan. La depresión es también un factor de riesgo para la incidencia de enfermedad cerebrovascular y diabetes. Se recomienda la realización de más estudios longitudinales, con el fin de caracterizar pormenorizadamente el curso etiológico de la depresión.
Consenso y divergencias en las representaciones sociales de la dirigencia política
Authors: Torres Stöckl Cynthia María , Mercedes Zubieta Elena 
Published: September 2020

Se analiza descriptivamente la faceta consensual y diferencial de las representaciones socialessobre la dirigencia política, en base a una muestra de estudiantes de la Facultad de Psicología y en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT)-Argentina. Los resultados muestran un universo representacional en tensión caracterizado por componentes nucleares contrarios: Liderazgo y Representación versus Poder y Corrupción; y por dimensiones opuestas: Características/Aspectos Políticos Positivos versus Características/Aspectos Políticos Negativos, así como por conglomerados primordiales concordantes con estas últimas. Se observan también diferencias en función de variables como año de cursado, militancia en agrupaciones políticas estudiantiles, antecedentes de participación política en la Universidad y cargos/figuras políticas de diversa índole.
Recepción fílmica y la formación de identidades sociales vinculadas a la categoría nación
Authors: Pérez Sánchez Rolando , Alfaro Chavarría Diana , Mora Pineda Melissa 
Published: September 2020

Este estudio cualitativo aborda las relaciones entre la recepción fílmica y la construcción de la identidad social asociada a la categoría nación ante filmes evocadores de comparación intergrupal. Se seleccionaron dos películas estadounidenses que facilitaron la tarea de contraste intergrupal. Se organizaron cinco grupos de discusión de cuatro a seis personas. Cada grupo observó los dos filmes. Los resultados indican la presencia de favoritismo endogrupal luego de la exposición a ambos filmes. Se distinguió un núcleo común de la identidad asociada a la categoría nación. Sin embargo, se presentan diferencias en la descripción de la identidad social atribuibles al encuadre narrativo de ambos filmes. Las evidencias aportan alestudio contextualista de la categorización social asociados a la recepción fílmica.
Transparencia en la actividad contractual de los ayuntamientos de la Comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Nebot Carmen Pineda , Pinheiro de Andrade Herbert Cristhiano , Corecha de Souza Ailton 
Published: September 2020

Este artículo analiza la transparencia contractual en 87 ayuntamientos de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, comparándolos, identificando su incidencia en la gestión contractual y presentando su situación municipal. A los 23 indicadores recogidos por ayuntamiento se les aplicó un análisis factorial lo que permitió la construcción del Índice de Transparencia en Contratación de los Ayuntamientos (ITCA). Además, se testaron tres hipótesis que relacionan este índice a los partidos políticos, la adscripción política y el tamaño de población. Los resultados demuestran el modelo teórico del ITCA y la valoración por ayuntamiento. También, se comprobó estadísticamente que cuanto mayor es la población municipal, mayor será el ITCA de este municipio. Sin embargo, no se encontró diferencia entre índices por partidos políticos y adscripciones políticas. Al considerar el intervalo entre 0 e 1 se observa que el 86% de las ciudades tiene un ITCA por debajo de 0,40. Concluyendo que a la transparencia contractual le queda un largo camino para desarrollarse en esta Comunidad.
Ormond’s disease accompanied by ankylosing spondylitis – a case report
Authors: Żukowska Paulina , Świerkot Jerzy , Szmyrka Magdalena , Sokolik Renata , Wiland Piotr , Brzosko Marek 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, or Ormond’s disease, is a rare syndrome which is in essence the deposition of pathological fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneal space. In most cases, it is initially asymptomatic, but as the disease progresses, clinical symptoms develop. The main complaint are abdominal pain and symptoms resulting from the involvement of ureters, arterial and venous vessels. Diagnosis is based on computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, demonstrating a fibrotic tissue mass accumulated in the retroperitoneal space. Due to the typically late presentation of clinical symptoms, a diagnosis is difficult and is often made after complications occur. In our article, we present the case of a 71-year-old patient in whom coexisting ankylosing spondylitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis were diagnosed 15 years after non-specific abdominal pain occurred.
The effect of prolactin concentration on the efficacy of storing isolated porcine kidneys in a modified Biolasol solution
Authors: Ostróżka-Cieślik Aneta , Dolińska Barbara , Ryszka Florian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Biolasol is a solution developed in Poland for flushing the kidneys, liver, heart and pancreas by simple hypothermia method prior to transplantation. The solution supports the cellular integrity of grafts during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of the concentration of prolactin added to Biolasol on selected biochemical parameters of kidney injury.

Materials and methods: Biolasol was modified by the addition of prolactin at 1 μg/L, 10 μg/L and 100 μg/L and by ascorbic acid at 0.5 mmol/L. After 2 h and 48 h of storage, the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase enzymes, sodium and potassium concentrations, pH and osmolarity parameters were assessed in the perfusates.

Results: The addition of prolactin to Biolasol significantly improves the biochemical parameters of grafts in the models of rinsing, perfusion and reperfusion of isolated porcine kidneys.

Conclusions: The study indicates the nephroprotective role of Biolasol with the addition of vitamin C and prolactin at a 100 μg/L.
Seniors’ Campus Continuums: Local Solutions for Broad Spectrum Seniors Care
Authors: Morton-Chang Frances Margaret , Majumder Shilpi , Berta Whitney 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: As demand and desire to “age-in-place” grows within an aging population, and new areas of need emerge, governments nationally and internationally are focusing effort and attention on innovative and integrative approaches to health and well-being. Seniors’ Campus Continuums are models of care that seek to broaden access to an array of services and housing options to meet growing health and social needs of aging populations. The objective of this study is to increase understanding of this model and factors that influence their evolution, development, ongoing functioning and capacity to integrate care for older adults wishing to age in their own home and community.Methods: This research uses a comparative case study approach across six-bounded cases offering four geographically co-located components (mixed housing options, internal and external community supports, and a long-term care home) in various contexts across Ontario. Onsite in-person and phone interviews with senior campus staff (N=30), and campus partners (N=11), enhanced by direct observation at campuses explored historical and current efforts to offer health, housing and social care continuums for older adults.Results: Analysis highlighted eight key factors. Enabling factors include i. rich historical legacies of helping people in need; ii. organizational vision and readiness to capitalize on windows of opportunity; iii. leveraging organizational structure and capacity; iv. intentional physical and social design; v. broad services mix, amenities and innovative partnerships. Impeding factors include vi. policy hurdles and rigidities; vii. human resources shortages and inequities; and viii. funding limitations. A number of benefits afforded by campuses at different levels were also observed. Conclusion: Findings from this research highlight opportunities to optimize campus potential on many levels. At an individual level, campuses increase local access to a coordinated range of health and social care services, supports and housing options. At an organizational level, campuses offer enhanced collaboration opportunities across providers and partners to improve consistency and coordination of care, access to shared resources, expertise and infrastructure among other benefits. At a system level, campuses can address a diversity of health, social, financial, and housing needs to help seniors avoid premature or inappropriate use of higher intensity care settings.
Assessment of choriocapillary blood flow changes in response to half-dose PDT in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy using OCTA
Authors: Liu Juejun , Chen Changzheng , Li Lu , Xu Yishuang , Yi Zuohuizi , He Lu , Zheng Hongmei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a principally new imaging technique that provide quantitative method to analyze choriocapillaris (CC) flow changes, while assessment of CC in vivo could be valuable in understanding the pathological mechanism of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) and the therapeutic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we sought to quantify blood flow changes in CC of CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT using OCTA.Methods: A total of 28 affected eyes and 24 unaffected eyes of 26 CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT, and 40 eyes of 20 healthy gender- and age-matched subjects were retrospectively enrolled. The proportion of total areas of flow signal voids (FSV, %) in CC level of OCTA was assessed in both eyes of the CCSC patients at baseline and repeated in multiple sections at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month intervals after PDT. In addition, CC patterns in response to PDT at early stage and their subsequent morphologic changes were qualitatively documented using OCTA. Results: For affected eyes, significant decrease in FSV was found at 6-m follow-up when compared with that at 1-m follow-up (p=0.036). When compared to normal control eyes, FSV in affected eyes was significantly higher at 1-m, 3-m and 6-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all), while FSV in unaffected eyes was significantly higher at baseline, 1-w, 1-m and 3-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all). Three CC patterns of early response to PDT were identified, including signs of recovery with more even flow signals, transient appearance of worse ischemia and secondary neovascularization within CC level.Conclusion: Abnormal CC flow attenuation remains in completely resolved eyes of CCSC patients treated with half-dose PDT.
Wounds at risk of tetanus: an unexpected level of underimmunization in an Italian patient cohort
Authors: Piccini Gaia Bavestrello , Cavenaile Jean-Christophe , Bressan Maria Antonietta 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Tetanus is an acute and potentially fatal disease caused by Clostridium tetani, an extremely resilient pathogen. Approximately 5% of all visits to the Emergency Department are due to traumatic wounds and Clostridium tetani can infect these. According to several surveillance programs, the incidence of clinical tetanus in Italy is tenfold higher than in other industrialised countries. In 2010, Italy accounted for 57 (77%) of the 74 confirmed cases reported within the European Union. We decided to conduct a study to assess the proportion of patients immunised against tetanus in the Emergency Department (ED). Methods: Data from patients who presented to the Emergency Department of the Fondazione IRRCS Policlinico San Matteo between April 2016 and November 2017 with wounds potentially at risk of infection with Clostridium tetani were analysed. Tetanus Quick Stick (TQS) was used to identify patients immunized again tetanus. Results: Of the total of 1094 patients included, 506 had all the necessary data for analysis. Of these, 432 patients (85%) had no protection against tetanus. When stratified for age, underimmunization was 92% in patients above 60 years, 81% in patients between 46 and 60 years, 80% in patients between 19 and 45 years and 73% in children up to 18 years. In patients above 60 years of age, men are less underimmunized than women (80 vs 96%, p = 0.0095). Conclusions: This study highlights a very low level of immunization against tetanus. This occurs at all age. It could explain the higher incidence of tetanus in Italy in comparison to other European countries. The analysed data suggests the need of conducting awareness campaigns to increase the percent of patients vaccinated against Clostridium tetani.