bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Spoils of War
Authors: Parasidis Efthimios 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter details America’s post-World War II efforts to capitalize on the scientific riches of Germany and Japan, the proliferation of the post-WWII research enterprise, and the post-WWII development of legal and ethical guidelines for human experimentation. Under Operation Paperclip, the US government recruited Nazi scientists to work in key areas of military science, and via a separate program, the United States granted Japanese biowarfare experts immunity from war crimes prosecution in exchange for biological warfare secrets. American officials debated the ethics and legality of the programs. National security—and the drive for military science progress—trumped any moral concerns. While recruitment of German and Japanese scientists under the post-WWII programs helped progress the US research enterprise, the science-at-any-cost philosophy underlying the programs influenced the US research ethos and contributed to a culture that largely disregarded research subject protections. Thousands of Americans—including children, prisoners, and individuals receiving care in state institutions—were coopted into hazardous research, often without their knowledge or consent.
Twenty-First-Century Conflicts and the Military Biomedical Complex
Authors: Parasidis Efthimios 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes how the military biomedical complex has co-evolved with twenty-first-century conflicts. It details the health challenges of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, including the signature injuries of post-9/11 conflicts: war lung injury, traumatic brain injury, and affiliated mental and physical health concerns. It discusses how the sweeping justifications for the war on terror have influenced legal and ethical deliberations regarding war preparations, intelligence operations, and military missions—in particular, policies and practices for rendition, detention, interrogation, and drone surveillance and strikes. It further analyzes how scientific and technological advances have expanded the domain of warfare into cyberspace, leading to comprehensive surveillance programs and cyberprojects that leverage biometric data, artificial intelligence, and biomedical techniques. Other cybertools are structured to disrupt critical infrastructure and engage in cyberattacks. These new means and methods of war have raised novel questions regarding the legal and ethical limits of the national security state.
Jus in Praeparatione Bellum
Authors: Parasidis Efthimios 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the concept of jus in praeparatione bellum—justice in war preparations—which represents a scholarly expansion of just war theory. Whereas other elements of just war theory focus primarily on justice in how one nation treats another before, during, or after war, jus in praeparatione bellum is inward looking for each nation and evaluates justice principles in how a nation treats its own service members and citizens in the context of war preparations. The chapter discusses how the concept of jus in praeparatione bellum is grounded in just war theory but also draws on key elements of liberal internationalism and realism, two doctrines of international relations that have substantially influenced US foreign policy and military affairs for over a century. It then explains how jus in praeparatione bellum can be applied to military science and can help guide laws and ethical codes applicable to the military biomedical complex.
Pre-drinking is Associated with Possible Alcohol Dependence in UK Trans and Non-Binary Communities
Authors: Connolly Dean J , Ezquerra-Romano Ivan , O’Callaghan Stewart , Bayliss Jacob , Thayne Beth , Holloway Zhi , Davies Emma 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In an analytical sample of 462 UK-based trans and non-binary respondents to a co-produced survey, 23.2% reported drinking with a higher risk of dependence (AUDIT scores ≥16), and 26.2% reported that they mostly drank at home alone. Pre-drinking and drinking mostly at home alone were associated with high-risk drinking and may be appropriate behaviours to address in harm reduction interventions.
Experiencing Athenian pasts on Delos: Resource depletion, embodied cognition, and synchronized arousal in the geranos dance
Authors: Cassell Ben S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The geranos dance, which imitated Theseus’ mimetic replication of the labyrinth’s winding passages, was the central component of an annual theōric delegation dispatched to Delos. From the fifth century BCE, this delegation and dance are illustrated as media by which Athenian hegemony on the island could be retrojected and legitimized. In this paper, the geranos is considered from the perspective of its experiential impact on both performers and audience. Adopting particular models drawn from the Cognitive Science of Religion, this examination takes account of the contingent results of how executing/observing the dance would result in Athenian claims on Delos being embedded at an embodied level. Indeed, by taking account of the archaeological, phenomenological, and physical aspects of the dance’s performance, we are better able to understand how as a ritual act, the geranos would facilitate cognitive conditions by which the memory of Theseus dancing on Delos would be varyingly experienced.
The molecular evolution of the haustorium formation genes Pirin and QR1 in parasitic Orobanchaceae
Authors: Hollis Madison M , Quigley Sarah L , Conn Caitlin E 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Parasitic plants use invasive haustoria to penetrate the tissues of host plants and steal resources. For many root parasites in the family Orobanchaceae, haustorium formation closely follows seed germination, and detection of nearby hosts is important for both of these developmental processes. While KAI2, a parasite gene involved in host-responsive seed germination, has been heavily studied, comparatively less is known about haustorium formation genes. Therefore, we investigated the molecular evolution of two such genes in parasitic Orobanchaceae, Pirin and QR1, and compared their copy number and patterns of natural selection to those of KAI2. In contrast to KAI2, we detected a lower average copy number for both Pirin and QR1 in parasitic plants relative to nonparasites. As with KAI2 proteins, we found an elevated rate of molecular evolution for some parasitic Pirin proteins; however, we detected higher conservation of QR1 in parasites and relatives than in other plants. These results complement gene expression and population genetics studies that have begun to uncover the evolutionary and functional details of haustorium formation genes. Furthermore, they shed light on the ways in which parasites evolve to detect and exploit hosts.
Imperiled Great Basin terminal lakes: Synthesizing ecological and hydrological science gaps and research needs for waterbird conservation
Authors: Herring Garth , Whipple Ashley L , Aldridge Cameron L , Pulver Bryce A , Eagles-Smith Collin A , Inman Rich D , Matchett Elliott L , Monroe Adrian P , Orning Elizabeth K , Robb Benjamin S , Shyvers Jessica E , Tarbox Bryan C , Van Schmidt Nathan D , Smith Cassandra D , Holloran Matthew J , Overton Cory T , O'Leary David R , Casazza Michael L , Frus Rebecca J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Terminal lakes are declining globally because of human water demands, drought, and climate change. Through literature synthesis and feedback from the resource and conservation community, we review the state of research for terminal lakes in the Great Basin of the United States, which support millions of waterbirds annually, to prioritize ecological and hydrologic information needs. From an ecological perspective, research priorities include measuring the underlying differences in waterbird resource selection and distribution, migratory connectivity, abiotic factors that interact with prey densities to affect prey availability, and waterbird fitness or demography. Integrated links between water availability, water quality, and food webs are lacking in the literature. Scarce water availability data hinder the current knowledge of water extraction and evapotranspiration rates. Research that can address these priorities would help advance our understanding of how the Great Basin terminal lakes function as an interrelated system and support conservation efforts to reverse the decline of these critical lakes.
The ERA Registry Annual Report 2022: Epidemiology of Kidney Replacement Therapy in Europe, with a focus on sex comparisons
Authors: Boenink Rianne , Bonthuis Marjolein , Boerstra Brittany A , Astley Megan E , Montez de Sousa Iris R , Helve Jaakko , Komissarov Kirill S , Comas Jordi , Radunovic Danilo , Buchwinkler Lukas , Hommel Kristine , Gjorgjievski Nikola , Galvão Ana A , Mitsides Nicos , Vidas Maria Marques , Dębska-Ślizień Alicja M , Ambrus Csaba , Slon-Roblero Maria F , ten Dam Marc A G J , Lassalle Mathilde , Guidotti Rebecca , Marín Sánchez Inmaculada , Kuzema Viktorija , Trujillo Alemán Sara , Ziginskiene Edita , Santhakumaran Shalini , Valentin Maria O , Sarrión Auñón Antonio , Indridason Olafur S , Seyahi Nurhan , Artamendi Larrañaga Marta , Kravljaca Milica , Okša Adrián , García López Héctor , Åsberg Anders , Rychlik Ivan , Ots-Rosenberg Mai , Beckerman Pazit , Godanci-Kelmendi Vjollca , Stendahl Maria , Lakey Joe , Jager Kitty J , Ortiz Alberto , Kramer Anneke , Stel Vianda S 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The European Renal Association (ERA) Registry collects data on kidney replacement therapy (KRT) in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). This paper summarizes the ERA Registry Annual Report 2022, with a special focus on comparisons by sex. The supplement of this paper contains the complete ERA Registry Annual Report 2022. Data was collected from 53 national and regional KRT registries from 35 countries. Using this data, incidence, and prevalence of KRT, kidney transplantation rates, survival probabilities, and expected remaining lifetimes were calculated. In 2022, 530 million people of the European general population were covered by the ERA Registry. The incidence of KRT was 152 per million population (pmp). In incident patients, 54% were 65 years or older, 64% were male, and the most common primary renal disease (PRD) was diabetes mellitus (22%). At KRT initiation, 83% of patients received haemodialysis, 12% received peritoneal dialysis, and 5% underwent pre-emptive kidney transplantation. On 31 December 2022, the prevalence of KRT was 1074 pmp. In prevalent patients, 48% were 65 years or older, 62% were male, the most common PRD was of miscellaneous origin (18%), 56% of patients received haemodialysis, 5% received peritoneal dialysis, and 39% were living with a functioning graft. In 2022, the kidney transplantation rate was 40 pmp, with most kidneys coming from deceased donors (66%). For patients starting KRT between 2013 to 2017, 5-year survival probability was 52%. Compared with the general population, the expected remaining lifetime was 66% and 68% shorter for males and females, respectively, receiving dialysis, and 46% and 49% shorter for males and females, respectively, living with a functioning graft.
Breaking the Echo Chambers of Transitional Justice and TWAIL: An Intellectual and Policy Exchange
Authors: Aboueldahab Noha 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT∞
Transitional justice and Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL) converge and diverge in ways that make an exchange between them worthwhile. Despite their continuous academic development, they increasingly confront themselves with existential questions that retain their insular echo chambers. While they center the importance of addressing historical legacies of injustice to build more just futures, their approaches differ. They straddle the worlds of policy prescription (transitional justice) and scholarly praxis (TWAIL) in ways that confine them to their margins. Both fields’ circular introspection is fed through unrepresentative knowledge production and the absence of theories of justice and resistance that appeal to diverse political communities. This article argues that transitional justice should adopt TWAILian indeterminacy and that TWAIL could benefit from transitional justice’s more policy-oriented goals. Ultimately, it argues that rigorous scholarly exchanges between both fields present questions that begin to make cracks in their respective echo chambers.
Five-year analysis of hospital complaints at a Japanese tertiary teaching hospital
Authors: Uramatsu Masashi , Andoh Yutaka , Kojima Takako , Mishima Shiro , Takahashi Megumi , Uchida Koutaro , Wada Jun , Oto Tomoko , Ishikawa Takashi , Barach Paul , Fujisawa Yoshikazu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Patient complaint taxonomies strongly support the use of healthcare complaints as a powerful tool to improve the quality and safety of patient care. Hospitals use complaint data at the organizational level to address quality variation across service lines and departments.

Methods
We applied a validated typology method to identify where the complaints occured and gained deeper insights about how they can be more effectively utilized to drive and implement continuous quality and service improvement activities within a tertiary hospital. We included all complaints and opinions from patients and their families over a 5-year period at a large tertiary teaching hospital in Japan. Two analysts categorized the opinions into complaints and gratitude expressions, with complaints classified using Reader et al.’s taxonomy. We performed statistical tabulations and determined the number of complaints across hospital sectors using the chi-squared test, residual analysis, and Cramer’s V tests to check for significant correlations between the variables.

Results
A total of 6607 complaints and comments were received. Of these, 5401 related to the Clinical, Administrative, and Human Relations domains, respectively (11.1%, 56.1%, and 32.8%). At the domain level, the most common complaints are related to the Relationships domain in both the Medical and Nursing departments. However, a detailed analysis of the category levels demonstrated that the Medicine department received the most complaints in the Communication and Patient Rights category, whereas in the Nursing department, the Humanness/Caring and Patient Rights categories were the most common sources for complaints. The Administrative department complaints were mostly related to the Management domain, with the largest number of complaints related to the Institutional Issues category.

Conclusions
We used a validated taxonomy to identify and address trends in patient complaints and identified the key hospital departments that required remedial improvement actions. All hospital departments received direct and targeted feedback on how to effectively improve the quality, safety and services of their clinical service lines.
Seeking Structure in Collections: Desire for Control Motivates Engagement in Collecting
Authors: Cao C Clark , Brucks Merrie , Reimann Martin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Across six studies, we provide converging and robust lab and field evidence that the fundamental human desire for control motivates consumer engagement in collecting, defined as the act of acquiring items that belong to an existing collection. This is because consumers who desire control seek structure, which is created when interconnected components form a holistic entity. A collection can provide such a structure, as it comprises related items that together create a whole set. Hence, as consumers add items to a collection, they are also manifesting a structure. Indeed, we demonstrate that desire for control’s motivating effect on engagement diminishes when structure-seeking is hindered or when the collection is far from completion. This work contributes to extant consumer research by identifying desire for control as a fundamental motivation of collecting behavior, explaining when and why consumers work toward completing their collections, and explicating the structured nature of collecting. Of practical relevance, we provide implications for the enhancement of consumer well-being; the design, positioning, and communication of collectible products; and the creation of policies regulating the collectibles market.
The Attorney–Client Privilege in Antitrust: Unravelling the Transatlantic Debate
Authors: Pantelidis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Attorney–Client Privilege constitutes an essential and widely recognized right in judicial systems worldwide, aiming to protect the confidentiality of communications between a lawyer and their clients. However, there is no single understanding among jurisdictions on the scope of the privilege, which stems from different approaches between legal traditions as to the role of the lawyer within the judicial system. In adversarial systems, an attorney is an agent and zealous representative of their client, whereas inquisitorial systems consider the lawyer primarily an instrument to the administration of justice and the search for the truth. On this basis, while the US courts recognize the privilege for in-house lawyers, the European Court of Justice has refused such recognition holding that in-house lawyers are not sufficiently independent to safely fulfil their judicial functions. In an environment of increased international trade between the US and the EU it has become ever-more important to understand and scrutinize both approaches. Issues regarding legal professional privilege become increasingly complicated in cases with extraterritorial elements, where foreign interests rise as a crucial element in the assessment.
Energy conservation or expense? A possible dilemma under combined stresses of salinity and submergence in rice
Authors: Chakraborty Koushik , Mondal Subhankar , Tripathy Swagatika , Jena Priyanka , Bose Lotan Kumar , Chattopadhyay Krishnendu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Salinity and flooding are two major impediments to production affecting rice cultivation in coastal agro-ecosystems. We investigated how rice plants use two contrasting strategies, energy conservation (for submergence tolerance) and energy expenditure (for ion exclusion), to acclimate to the combined stresses of saline water submergence (SWS). Pot and hydroponic experiments were conducted using four selected rice genotypes carrying Sub1 (Submergence1) and/or Saltol (Salinity tolerance) quantitative trait loci in their genetic background and exposed them to salinity and submergence stresses individually and combined under controlled experimental conditions. We found that Sub1-containing submergence-tolerant lines performed better under SWS, where the Saltol-containing Na+ excluder could not survive. The presence of a thicker leaf gas film (LGF) and higher content of epicuticular wax helped longer underwater retention of the LGF in Sub1-lines, supporting survival under SWS. A thicker LGF significantly delayed Na+ entry into the leaves under anoxic conditions. Genotypes having high Na+ exclusion potential, but a thinner LGF, ultimately accumulated more Na+ in the leaf tissue under SWS. The lowest leaf carbohydrate depletion was observed in FR13A, whereas non-Sub1-associated escape coupled with ion exclusion utilized the highest carbohydrate reserve in FL478 under SWS treatment. Overall, this study uncovers that the Sub1-mediated quiescence strategy complemented by higher tissue tolerance ability is a more suitable mechanistic acclimation than ion exclusion under SWS in rice.
A guide to the community management of paediatric eating disorders
Authors: Coret Marian , Vyver Ellie , Harrison Megan , Toulany Alene , Vandermorris Ashley , Agostino Holly 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs) are a group of serious, potentially life-threatening illnesses that typically have their onset during adolescence and can be associated with severe medical and psychosocial complications. The impact of EDs on caregivers and other family members can also be significant. Health care providers (HCPs) play an important role in the screening and management of adolescents and young adults with EDs. This position statement assists community-based HCPs with recognizing, diagnosing, and treating EDs in the paediatric population. Screening modalities, indications for hospitalization, medical complications, and monitoring of young people with EDs are summarized. Current evidence supports the use of family-based treatment (FBT) as the first-line psychological therapeutic modality for adolescents with restrictive EDs. While the provision of FBT may be beyond the scope of practice for some community physicians, this statement reviews its core tenets. When an ED is diagnosed, early application of these principles in the community setting by HCPs may slow disease progression and provide guidance to families.
Diversity and cross-species transmission of viruses in a remote island ecosystem: implications for wildlife conservation
Authors: French Rebecca K , Anderson Sandra , Cain Kristal , Digby Andrew , Greene Terry C , Miskelly Colin M , Muller Chris G , Taylor Michael W , Recovery Team Kākāpō , Geoghegan Jemma L , Holmes Edward C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The ability of viruses to emerge in new species is influenced by aspects of host biology and ecology, with some taxa harbouring a high diversity and abundance of viruses. However, how these factors shape virus diversity at the ecosystem scale is often unclear. To better understand the pattern and determinants of viral diversity within an ecosystem, and to describe the novel avian viruses infecting an individual avian community, we performed a metagenomic snapshot of the virome from the entire avian community on remote Pukenui/Anchor Island in Aotearoa New Zealand. Through total RNA sequencing of 18 bird species, we identified 50 avian viruses from 9 viral families, of which 96% were novel. Of note, passerines (perching birds) exhibited high viral abundance and diversity, with viruses found across all nine viral families identified. We also identified numerous viruses infecting seabirds on the Island, including megriviruses, hepaciviruses, and hepatoviruses, while parrots exhibited an extremely low diversity of avian viruses. Within passerines, closely related astroviruses and hepatoviruses, and multiple identical hepe-like viruses, were shared among host species. Phylogenetic reconciliation analysis of these viral groups revealed a mixture of co-divergence and cross-species transmission, with virus host-jumping relatively frequent among passerines. In contrast, there was no evidence for recent cross-species virus transmission in parrots or seabirds. The novel pegiviruses and a flavivirus identified here also pose intriguing questions regarding their origins, pathogenicity, and potential impact on vertebrate hosts. Overall, these results highlight the importance of understudied remote island ecosystems as refugia for novel viruses, as well as the intricate interplay between host ecology and behaviour in shaping viral communities.