bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A life-saving endeavor: The meanings and strategies of coping in patients with ectopic pregnancy in Iran
Authors: Shadman Setareh Sarshad , Vedadhir AbouAli 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAim of this study was to explore the experienced coping strategies by patients with an ectopic pregnancy in order to ameliorate the quality of treatment. This is a qualitative study based on a phenomenological tradition in which data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth phenomenological interviews with twenty-five married women, experienced ectopic pregnancy. Data were analyzed through an interpretative phenomenological analysis. “Life-saving endeavor” was the main theme that emerged from the participants’ experiences. It refers to a set of strategies used by women to cope with Ectopic Pregnancy. Life-saving endeavor consists of four subthemes, that is ‘submission to destiny’, ‘the blue sky after the storm’, ‘karma; the world’s supervisor’ and ‘setting foot on earth’. The results of this study reveal that women with ectopic pregnancy have implemented various strategies to cope with this complication of pregnancy, based on their life worldviews and beliefs. However, only those women who had a realistic angle to the disease were able to adapt to life again. As a result, accurate identification of these strategies and real comprehension of their life experiences by medical care providers, and applying positive experiences including a realistic attitude promotion to the other patients are recommended.
Parental Investment After the Birth of a Sibling: The Effect of Family Size in Low-Fertility China
Authors: Chen Shuang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA large body of research has examined the relationship between family size and child well-being in developing countries, but most of this literature has focused on the consequences of high fertility. The impact of family size in a low-fertility developing country context remains unknown, even though more developing countries are expected to reach below-replacement fertility levels. Set in China between 2010 and 2016, this study examines whether an increase in family size reduces parental investment received by the firstborn child. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study improves on previous research by using direct measures of parental investment, including monetary and nonmonetary investment, and distinguishing household-level from child-specific resources. It also exploits the longitudinal nature of the CFPS to mediate the bias arising from the joint determination of family size and parental investment. Results show that having a younger sibling significantly reduces the average household expenditure per capita. It also directly reduces parental investment received by the firstborn child, with two exceptions: (1) for firstborn boys, having a younger sister does not pose any competition; and (2) for firstborn children whose mothers have completed primary education or more, having a younger brother does not reduce parental educational aspirations for them. Findings from this study provide the first glimpse into how children fare as China transitions to a universal two-child policy regime but have wider implications beyond the Chinese context.
Performance characterization of high-strength steel and quenched and tempered steels and their joints for structural applications
Authors: Aguiari Martina , Palombo Marco , Rizzo Cesare Mario 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough in the last decades the applicable regulations for the design of steel structures have been deeply improved accounting for modern design approaches and technologies, in a few industrial fields, concepts and formulations derived from centuries-old experience are even nowadays the governing rule. This very often limits the potential offered by the technological innovations in high-performance material, such as quenched and tempered (QT) steels. After having verified in the scientific literature, in the commercial one and in several open material databases that some main data necessary to the comprehensive characterization of QT steel used in building large metal structures are lacking, an extensive experimental campaign was undertaken to achieve an updated and specific fatigue strength characterization for certain types of materials. The aim is to overcome the strict requirements of current regulations on the application of both parent QT materials and welded homogeneous and heterogeneous joints between different steel strength. The experimental campaign allowed filling the knowledge gap as well as providing further understanding whether the use of high-strength steel is effective in the improvement of performances of large steel structures, whose fabrication procedures are typical of building sites rather than workshops. Their extensive application in current building practice is expected to be highly beneficial in terms of weight and costs.
Ontological Transparency, (In)visibility, and Hidden Curricula: Critical Pedagogy Amidst Contentious Edtech
Authors: Gallagher Michael , Breines Markus , Blaney Myles 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe steady migration of higher education online has accelerated in the wake of Covid-19. The implications of this migration on critical praxis—the theory-in-practice of pedagogy—deserve further scrutiny. This paper explores how teacher and student-led educational technology research and development can help rethink online critical praxis. The paper is based on a recent research project at the University of Edinburgh that speculatively explored the potential for automation in teaching, which generated insights into current and future pedagogical practice among both teachers and students. From this project emerged a series of pedagogical positions that were centred around visions of the future of teaching in response to automation: the pedagogical potential of visibility and invisibility online, transparency, and interrogating the hidden curricula of both higher education and educational technology itself. Through the surfacing of these pedagogical positions, this paper explores how critical pedagogy can be built into the broader teacher function and begins to identify the institutional structures that could potentially impede or accelerate that process.
Relationship Between Magnetic Resonance T2-Mapping and Matrix Metalloproteinase 1,3 in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Shi Lei , Wang Kexin , Yu Jinghong , Li Mingkai , Men Guangmei , Ma Gang , Wang Xing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between quantitative analysis of MRI (T2-mapping) and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-3) in osteoarthritis of the knee joint and the role of MMP-1,3 in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.MethodsThirty cases of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA) (lesion group) and 30 healthy adult volunteers (control group) were scanned with 1.5 T routine MR and T2-mapping, and their T2 values were measured and statistically analyzed. The pathological examination of the knee cartilage that was replaced during the operation and the immunohistochemical assay were used to measure the expression of MMP-1,3. The correlation between the T2 value of magnetic resonance imaging and the expression of MMP-1,3 was analyzed.Results(1) According to the Recht grading standard for magnetic resonance, the T2 value of magnetic resonance increased significantly with the increase of cartilage degeneration. The differences in T2 values between each level and the normal group were statistically significant (P  < 0.05). (2) The T2 value of magnetic resonance imaging increased with the severity of the cartilage degeneration pathological Mankin grading, and the difference was statistically significant (P  <  0.05). (3) The expression of MMP-1,3 increased with cartilage degeneration. (4) The T2 value and the expression of MMP-1 in cartilage showed a linear trend. The result of Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression of MMP-1,3 increased as the cartilage T2 value increased. There was a positive linear correlation between the two.ConclusionThe T2 value of magnetic resonance increased with the degeneration of KOA cartilage. The expression of MMP-1,3 increased with the severity of articular cartilage destruction. The T2 value of KOA magnetic resonance was positively correlated with the expression of MMP-1,3.
Description and molecular analysis of an Italian population of Centrorhynchus globo caudatus (Zeder, 1800) Lühe, 1911 (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from Falco tinnunculus (Falconidae) and Buteo buteo (Accipitridae)
Authors: Amin O.M. , Heckmann R.A. , Dallarés S. , Constenla M. , Rubini S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Centrorhynchus globocaudatus (Zeder, 1800) Lühe, 1911 (Centrorhynchidae) was reported in birds of prey. Our population from Falco tinnunculus Linnaeus (Falconidae) and Buteo buteo Linnaeus (Accipitridae) in northern Italy was morphologically distinct from others described elsewhere. The worms are elongate and cylindrical. Proboscis long, apically truncated and bare, with wider base and variably faint constriction at point of attachment of receptacle. Large anterior hooks well rooted; posterior spiniform hooks with reduced roots; transitional hooks with scutiform roots in-between. Four tubular cement glands extend into prominent ducts overlapping a large Saefftigen's pouch. Bursa large, with sensory plates. Vagina with laterally slit orifice in sub-ventral pit of globular terminal extension. Thick-shelled eggs ovoid without polar prolongation of fertilization membrane. In our specimens, proboscis hooks, receptacle, male reproductive system, and lemnisci especially in males varied in size from those from Ukraine, India, Egypt, Kyrgystan, Russia, Georgia, Armenia and Asian Soviet Republics. Our description of the Italian specimens includes new morphological information supported by scanning electron microscopy and microscope images, molecular analysis and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) of hooks. Additional new details of proboscis hook roots, micropores and micropore distribution are described. Metal composition of hooks (EDXA) demonstrated high levels of calcium and phosphorous, and high levels of sulphur in core and cortical layers of eggs. The molecular profile based on sequences of 18S and cytochrome c oxidase 1 genes is also provided, as well as phylogenetic reconstructions including all available sequences of the family Centrorhynchidae, although further sequences are needed in order to clarify their phylogenetic relationships.
First record of the Lessepsian fishParexocoetus mentoin Italian waters and GIS-based spatial and temporal distribution in Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Falautano Manuela , Perzia Patrizia , Castriota Luca 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Strait of Sicily in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea is considered a crossroads between the western and the eastern basins for species immigrating from the Atlantic Ocean and Lessepsian species. Among the latter, the African sailfin flyingfishParexocoetus mentowas recently collected from Lampedusa Island in November 2017, and represents the first documented record in Italian waters. In this paper, the morphological and meristic characteristics of this specimen are reported and discussed, compared with the other species of the genusParexocoetus. Furthermore, as mapping and monitoring the distribution of invasive species is crucial to understanding their establishment and spread and then to manage the invasion process, the occurrences distribution ofP. mentoin the Mediterranean Sea was studied. The application of GIS-based spatial statistics allowed to identify significant clustering areas and dispersion areas of the species, summarizing the key characteristics, and underlining directional trends of distribution. GIS analysis identified two similar groups of records (1935/1966 and 1986/2017 time period), showing a change of distribution spatial pattern over time. An earlier spread direction in the Mediterranean east coast and a settled area ofP. mentowere found. The analysis also includes the specimen caught in Italian waters.
Exploring the resident gut microbiota of stranded odontocetes: high similarities between two dolphin species Tursiops truncatus and Stenella coeruleoalba
Authors: Abdelrhman Khaled F. A. , Ciofini Alice , Bacci Giovanni , Mancusi Cecilia , Mengoni Alessio , Ugolini Alberto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe evaluation of symbiotic microbial communities occurring in the intestinal tract of animals has received great interest in recent years. However, little is known about gut microbial communities in cetaceans, despite their relevance in the ecology of marine communities. Here, we report an investigation using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the resident gut microbiota of the two cetacean species Stenella coeruleoalba and Tursiops truncatus by sampling intestinal mucosa from specimens retrieved stranded along the Tyrrhenian coast of Tuscany (Italy). We found an abundance of members from Clostridiaceae and Fusobacteriaceae, which in total accounted for more than 50% of reads, in agreement with gut microbiota composition of other carnivorous mammals. Probably due to the limited number of samples available, sex, preservation status and also species, did not correlate with overall differences in the microbiota. Indeed, a high similarity of the taxonomic (family-level) composition between the gut microbiota of the two species was found. However, Pedobacter spp. was found abundant in amplicon sequencing libraries from S. coeruleoalba, while clostridia were more abundant from T. truncatus samples. Our results shed some light on the gut microbiota composition of two dolphin (S. coeruleoalba and T. truncatus) species, with specimens collected in the wild. Studies with a larger number of individuals are now needed to confirm these first results and evaluate the interspecific differences in relation to sex and age.
A NEW TYPE OF MASKED FORM PRIMING
Authors: Taft Marcus , Li Junmin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMonolingual English speakers and Chinese–English bilinguals were compared on their lexical decision performance in a masked priming experiment where the prime and target ended in the same embedded word. All primes were nonwords where the letters in addition to the embedded word did not form a morpheme (e.g., the sab of sabagree or the ple of plerough). The targets were of two types. In one condition they were prefixed words (as in sabagree–DISAGREE) and in the other they were nonprefixed words (as in plerough–THOROUGH). With an unrelated prime as the baseline, the native speakers showed priming for the prefixed words but not the nonprefixed words, whereas the nonnative speakers showed priming for both types of word. It was concluded from these results that nonnative speakers focus more on the individual letters of a complex word than do native speakers when reading, and the specific processing mechanisms that might underlie this are discussed.
12-Lead Electrocardiograms Acquired and Transmitted by Emergency Medical Technicians are of Diagnostic Quality and Positively Impact Patient Care
Authors: Kotelnik Vladimir , Pesce Kevin , Masterton William M. , Marshall Robert T. , Pigott Gregson , Bialek Nathaniel , Winslow Jason , Maloney Lauren M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroduction:Existing peer-reviewed literature describing emergency medical technician (EMT) acquisition and transmission of 12-lead electrocardiograms (12L-ECGs), in the absence of a paramedic, is largely limited to feasibility studies.Study Objective:The objective of this retrospective observational study was to describe the impact of EMT-acquired 12L-ECGs in Suffolk County, New York (USA), both in terms of the diagnostic quality of the transmitted 12L-ECGs and the number of prehospital percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)-center notifications made as a result of transmitted 12L-ECGs demonstrating a ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods:A pre-existing database was queried for Emergency Medical Services (EMS) calls on which an EMT acquired a 12L-ECG from program initiation (January 2017) through December 31, 2019. Scanned copies of the 12L-ECGs were requested in order to be reviewed by a blinded emergency physician.Results:Of the 665 calls, 99 had no 12L-ECG available within the database. For 543 (96%) of the available 12L-ECGs, the quality was sufficient to diagnose the presence or absence of a STEMI. Eighteen notifications were made to PCI-centers about a concern for STEMI. The median time spent on scene and transporting to the hospital were 18 and 11 minutes, respectively. The median time from PCI-center notification to EMS arrival at the emergency department (ED) was seven minutes (IQR 5-14).Conclusion:In the event a cardiac monitor is available, after a limited educational intervention, EMTs are capable of acquiring a diagnostically useful 12L-ECG and transmitting it to a remote medical control physician for interpretation. This allows for prehospital PCI-center activation for a concern of a 12L-ECG with a STEMI, in the event that a paramedic is not available to care for the patient.
Culturally adapted and lay-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for older adults with depressive symptoms in rural China: a pilot trial
Authors: Yuan Jiaqi , Yin Yi , Tang Xinfeng , Tang Tan , Lian Qinshu , Yang Xuemei , Xiao Yun , Yang Fahui , Qu Zhiyong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground:Late-life depression issues in developing countries are challenging because of understaffing in mental health. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is effective for treating depression.Aim:This pilot trial examined the adherence and effectiveness of an eight-session adapted CBT delivered by trained lay health workers for older adults with depressive symptoms living in rural areas of China, compared with the usual care.Method:Fifty with screen-positive depression were randomly assigned to the CBT arm or the care as usual (CAU) arm. The primary outcomes were the session completion of older adults and changes in depressive symptoms, assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).Results:The majority (19/24) of participants in the CBT arm completed all sessions. Mixed-effect linear regression showed that the CBT reduced more GDS scores over time compared with CAU.Conclusion:Lay-delivered culturally adapted CBT is potentially effective for screen-positive late-life depression.
Involvement of the food industry in nutrition conferences in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Mialon Mélissa , Jaramillo Ángela , Caro Patricia , Flores Mauricio , González Laura , Gutierrez-Gómez Yareni , Lay Lina , López-Arana Sandra , López-Bautista Fabiola , Mata Claret , Moliterno Paula , Palomares Lita , Páramo Kenia , Rauber Fernanda , Rivas-Mariño Gabriela 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:Identify and characterise the food industry’s involvement in nutrition and dietetics national and regional events in Latin America and the Caribbean.Design:Between February and April 2020, we conducted desk-based searches for nutrition and dietetics events held in the region between January 2018 and December 2019. Online freely accessible, publicly available information was collected on the involvement of the food industry through: sponsorship of events; sponsorship of sessions; speakers from the food industry; scholarships, fellowship, grants, awards and other prizes and; exhibition space/booths.Setting:Nutrition and dietetics events in Latin America and the Caribbean.Results:Thirty-one events held in twenty countries of the region had information publicly available online at the period of data collection. There was a lack of transparency on the involvement of industry actors in these events. When information was publicly available, we found that a total of ninety-two food industry actors sponsored 88 % of these events.Conclusions:There is a mostly unreported, but likely extensive, involvement of food industry actors in nutrition and dietetics events in Latin America and the Caribbean.
NOTES ON VANISHING CYCLES AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: MAXIM LAURENŢIU G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVanishing cycles, introduced over half a century ago, are a fundamental tool for studying the topology of complex hypersurface singularity germs, as well as the change in topology of a degenerating family of projective manifolds. More recently, vanishing cycles have found deep applications in enumerative geometry, representation theory, applied algebraic geometry, birational geometry, etc. In this survey, we introduce vanishing cycles from a topological perspective and discuss some of their applications.
Prevalence, growth rate and complications of splenic artery aneurysms in chronic liver disease patients
Authors: Rocha Marcelo Assis , Marques Eduardo Saltão Silva , Leão Layra Ribeiro de Sousa , Magdalena Thiago Raspa Freitas , Dórea Aline Andrade , Yamauchi Fernando Ide , Wolosker Nelson , Tachibana Adriano 
Published: October 2020

Summary: Background: Chronic liver disease (CLD) patients are at greater risk for developing splenic artery aneurysm (SAA). Treatment for aneurysms > 2.5 cm in this population is considered. However, the procedure might be challenging in CLD patients, and complications may interfere in liver transplantation. We, therefore, sought to estimate the prevalence, growth rate and complications of SAA in patients with CLD. As secondary objective, we sought to evaluate whether those features differ in pre and post transplantation follow-up and among aneurysms with diameters greater or less than 2.5 cm at diagnosis. Patients and methods: We searched for the terms “SAA” and “CLD” on CT or MRI reports from January 2009 to December 2016. Patients with single examination or less than 6 months follow-up were excluded. Results: Fifty nine out of 2050 CLD patients presented SAA (prevalence of 2.9%). Fifteen patients were excluded (due to exclusion criteria). Forty-four CLD patients (mean age 55.9 years) presented 76 SAA (follow-up median of 27.2 months). Aneurysms presented mean size of 1.5 ± 0.74 cm at diagnosis and growth rate of 0.12 ± 0.14 cm/y. Two (4.5%) patients presented mild complications (aneurysm thrombosis). No significant differences were observed in the growth rates of aneurysms < 2.5 cm and ≥ 2.5 cm or in the initial size and growth rates of aneurysms of patients submitted to and not submitted to liver transplantation. Conclusions: The estimated prevalence of SAA in patients with DLC in the Brazilian population is 2.9% (CI95% 2.2–3.6%). Although SAA in CLD patients are less likely to remain stable and grow faster than in general population, aneurysms are usually diagnosed at smaller size and complications are rare. These findings might support conservative management with close surveillance, especially in smaller aneurysms.