bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Depression and HIV Treatment Outcomes in a US Military Population with HIV Infection
Authors: Carney Brandon , Daniel Colton , Xu Xiaohe , Sunil Thankam , Ganesan Anuradha , Blaylock Jason , Kronmann Karl , Schofield Christina , Lalani Tahaniyat , Agan Brian , Okulicz Jason 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Depression is common among HIV-infected individuals and may contribute to suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and subsequent inability to attain viral load (VL) suppression. We evaluated longitudinal HIV treatment outcomes in US Military HIV Natural History Study (NHS) participants with depression. Methods: Male NHS participants with available ICD-9 data for mental health diagnoses, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) measures, and self-reported adherence (SRA) were included. ART use was defined as ART initiation between 2006-2010, with follow-up through 2015. SRA was defined as taking ³95% of ART doses and continuous ART was defined as longitudinal ART use with gaps <30 days. Continuous VL suppression was defined as maintaining VLs <200 c/mL on ART. To analyze the association between depression and HIV treatment outcomes, latent class analysis was used to create classes of depression trajectories: low depression (LD), recent onset depression (ROD) and high Depression (HD). Results: Participants had a mean age of 32 (±8.3) years at HIV diagnosis, and similar proportions were Caucasian (44.3%) or African American (40.8%). Overall, older participants at HIV diagnosis had greater odds of having 95% SRA (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.12), and African Americans had lower odds (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.22-0.76) compared to Caucasians (OR 1.49, 95% CI 0.52-4.28). However, there was no difference in SRA by depression trajectory. Participants with HD had a trend towards taking ART continuously (OR 1.75, 95% CI 0.99-3.09), and those with ROD had significantly higher odds of virologic failure (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38-0.91). Conclusions: Although there was no observed association between depression and SRA, participants with ROD had lower odds of attaining the HIV treatment goal of VL suppression. Continued efforts to identify and aggressively manage mental health disorders is important to success along the HIV care continuum.
Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Zhenwen , Xia Binlan , Wang Liping , Zhang Hengzhong , Zhu Yan , Liu Chao , Song Bin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. We aimed to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke.
Methods
A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013–2014. The subjects with a high risk of stroke were further selected (at least three of eight risk factors including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking, lack of exercise, overweight, and family history of stroke) or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke history. Carotid ultrasonography was then performed on the high stroke risk participants. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques.
Results
Overall, 839 subjects with a high risk of stroke were ultimately included in the analysis, and carotid plaques were identified in 341 (40.6%) of them. Participants in the highest non-HDLc/HDLc tertile group presented a higher proportion of carotid plaques than did those in the other two groups. After adjustment for other confounders, each unit increase in the non-HDLc/HDLc was significantly associated with carotid plaques (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28–1.88). In the subgroup analysis, the non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques in most subgroups. Additionally, the non-HDLc/HDLc interacted significantly with three stratification variables, including sex (OR 1.31 for males versus OR 2.37 for females, P interaction = 0.016), exercise (OR 1.18 for subjects without lack of exercise versus OR 1.99 for subjects with lack of exercise, P interaction = 0.004) and heart diseases (OR 1.40 for subjects without heart diseases versus OR 3.12 for subjects with heart diseases, P interaction = 0.033).
Conclusion
The non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and consistently associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a Chinese high stroke risk population.
Rapid review of the existing COVID-19 Case Definitions: A Bayesian Approach model to COVID-19 Case Definitions: A Research Article
Authors: Rad Emad Karimian , Yazdani Shahram , Foroughi Zeynab , Haghdoost Ali-Akbar , Jabali Hadi , Hajikhani Alireza , Abardeh Maryam Hoseini 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rapidly spread around the world leading to a pandemic with more than 3,000,000 infected people and more than 200,000 death. Several case definitions have been released and revised by countries and organizations. However, collectivization of case definitions has not been fully investigated.Methods In this study, we rapidly reviewed existing COVID-19 case definitions, finally a dynamic case definition algorithm was provided by using Bayesian theorem models of diagnosis.Results Our results showed categorization as suspected, probable, and confirmed cases, is used in majority of case definitions. Furthermore, the criteria for suspected cases and laboratory testing priority was a point of argument. Due to pandemic situation and resource limitation, diagnostic tests were rationed and mainly administered to a selected population, thus it was shown that the fraction of positive test results does not reflect the total infection rate of the population. Case definitions for COVID-19 is changing as we learn more about the disease. RT-PCR and CT Scan of lung seem to be beneficial in COVID-19 diagnosis and combing them with epidemiological criteria helps us in better understanding of the disease.Conclusion Based on our results, in the current case definitions, only symptomatic patients categorized and tested as a susceptible case. While the majority of COVID-19 cases are asymptomatic carriers of the disease, thus making the prevention more challenging. Dynamic statistical models can provide new insights into surveillance systems.
Loss of 908 Second Molars in Chinese adults: Consequences of the Presence of Their Neighboring Third Molars?
Authors: Sun Li-Juan , Tian Yi , Qu Hong-Lei , Yang Yang , Chen Fa-Ming 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Many studies have reported that the presence of third molars (M3s) can increase the risk of pathology in neighboring second molars (M2s). However, whether the presence of M3s can effect the mortality of M2s remains unknown. The main aim of this study was to reveal the reasons for M2 loss and how the M2 loss were related to their neighboring M3s. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. A review of the medical records and radiographic imagines of patients who had their M2(s) removed was undertaken to analyze the reasons for tooth extraction and how those reasons were related to the presence of M3s situated adjacent to the removed M2s. Results Clinical material (from January to March 2019) of 800 patients met the inclusion criteria were involved into this study. M2s in 908 quadrants (i.e. 908 M2s) were removed from these enrolled patients, wherein 382 quadrants were with the absence of M3s and the other 526 quadrants were with the presence of M3s. The average age of patients whose missing M2s had or had no neighboring M3s was 52.4 ± 14.8 years and 56.7 ± 14.9 years respectively (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.001). When the reasons for the 908 extracted M2s were traced, it was found that 433 teeth (47.7%) were removed due to caries and sequelae, while 300 teeth (33.0%) were lost for periodontal diseases. In addition, substantial evidence confirmed that 14.4% of the M2s with adjacent M3s were removed due to diseases mainly in the distal surface which were closely related to their neighboring M3s, and it was much higher than that was identified from removed M2s without adjacent M3s (1.8%). Except for residual roots, 42.2% M3s were removed along with neighboring M2s simultaneously. Conclusions The presence of M3s, no matter impacted or erupted M3s, was associated with an earlier loss of their neighboring M2s.
Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Pulmonary Function in Early Convalescence Phase
Authors: Huang Yiying , Tan Cui yan , Wu Jian , Chen Mei zhu , Wang Zhen guo , Luo Li yun , Zhou Xiao rong , Liu Xin ran , Huang Xiao ling , Yuan Chi can , Chen Chao lin , Gao Fen , Huang Jin , Shan Hong , Liu Jing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the influence of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on lung function in early convalescence phase. Methods: A prospective study of COVID-19 patients at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were conducted, with serial assessments including lung volumes (TLC), spirometry (FVC, FEV1), lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO),respiratory muscle strength, 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) and high resolution CT being collected at 30 days after discharged. Results: 57 patients completed the serial assessments. There were 40 non-severe cases and 17 severe cases. Thirty-one patients (54.3%) had abnormal CT findings. Abnormalities were detected in the pulmonary function tests in 43 (75.4%) of the patients. Six (10.5%), 5(8.7%), 25(43.8%) 7(12.3%), and 30 (52.6%) patients had FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio, TLC, and DLCO values less than 80% of predicted values, respectively. 28 (49.1%) and 13 (22.8%) patients had PImax and PEmax values less than 80% of the corresponding predicted values. Compared with non-severe cases, severe patients showed higher incidence of DLCO impairment (75.6%vs42.5%, p=0.019), higher lung total severity score（TSS）and R20, and significantly lower percentage of predicted TLC and 6MWD. No significant correlation between TSS and pulmonary function parameters was found during follow-up visit. Conclusion: Declining DLCO, lower respiratory muscle strength, and lung imaging abnormalities were detected in more than half of the COVID-19 patients in early convalescence phase. Compared with non-severe cases, severe patients had a higher incidence of DLCO impairment and encountered more TLC decrease and 6MWD decline.
Exploring the clinical association between neurological symptoms and COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: A systematic review of current Literature
Authors: Carlo Davide Tiziano Di , Montemurro Nicola , Petrella Giandomenico , Gabriele  , Ceravolo Roberto , Perrini Paolo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Object: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 outbreak has been declared a pandemic in March, 2020. An increasing body of evidence suggests that patients with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) might have a heterogeneous spectrum of neurological symptomsMethods. A systematic search of two databases was performed for studies published up to April 17th, 2020. PRISMA guidelines were followed.Results: We included 13 studies evaluating 2499 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infections. The median age of patients was 50.3 (IQR 9.6), and the rate of male patients was 50% (95% CI 47.9-52%). The most common reported comorbidities were hypertension and diabetes (18.7%, 95% CI 16.9-20.7% and 9%, 95% CI 7.4-11.3%, respectively). Headache was reported in 17.9% of patients (95% CI 16.1-19.8%), and dizziness in 13.9% (95% CI 10.7-18%). Fatigue or myalgia, hypo/anosmia, and gustatory dysfunction were reported in 24%, 55.2%, and 55.4%, of patients, respectively.Conclusions: These data support accumulating evidence that a significant proportion of patients with COVID-19 infection develop neurological manifestations, especially olfactory and gustatory dysfunction. The pathophysiology of this association is under investigation and warrants additional studies, Physicians should be aware of this possible association because during the epidemic period of COVID-19, early recognition of neurologic manifestations otherwise not explained would raise the suspect of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
The role of inflammation mechanisms in the development of predisposition to thrombosis and thromboembolism in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and concurrent obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Tseymakh I. Ya. , Shoykhet Ya. N. , Tseymakh A. E. 
Published: May 2020

The objective: to study the effect of sleep-related breathing disorders on the activation of blood coagulation reactions associated with systemic inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and concurrent obstructive sleep apnea.Subjects and methods. An open prospective comparative study analyzed thrombogenic risk factors, markers of inflammation and insulin resistance in 65 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and concurrent obstructive sleep apnea, 26 of them received non-invasive ventilation as a part of their therapy (main group).Results. The blood levels of homocysteine and prothrombin fragments 1+2 are closely associated with the duration of nocturnal hypoxemia, concentrations of C-reactive protein, C-peptide, and endothelial vascular growth factor and can be managed with CPAP therapy.The authors state that they have no conflict of interests.
Nutritional status and structure of macronutrient consumption in tuberculosis patients with different drug resistance profiles
Authors: Pasechnik O. A. , Vilms E. A. , Turchaninov D. V. , Yarusova I. V. , Batischeva T. L. , Sitnikova S. V. 
Published: May 2020

The objective: to assess the nutritional status and actual nutrition of respiratory tuberculosis patients with various drug resistance patterns.Subjects and methods. The actual nutrition of tuberculosis patients was assessed using a standard questionnaire containing questions about the amount of food and meals consumed at home in the last 30 days preceding the survey. Assessment of anthropometric indicators and the survey were carried out by medical workers when the patients were admitted to hospital. Patients were enrolled from April to August 2018 out of 300 respiratory tuberculosis patients who had a positive result of a sputum test for M. tuberculosis. The multidrug resistant tuberculosis group consisted of 222 patients, while the group of those drug susceptible or having mono- or polyresistance included 78 patients.Results. It was found out that the home diet of patients with active respiratory tuberculosis was imbalanced in respect of basic nutrients and energy. The following was detected: lack of protein in the diet (including the one of animal origin) in 80.6 ± 2.3% with a depth of more than 55.7%; excess unbalanced fat consumption in 66.6 ± 2.7%; insufficient consumption of dietary fiber in 45.0 ± 2.8%. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients consumed more energy and macronutrients (proteins, fats, dietary fiber, animal protein, cholesterol, and fatty acids) both in absolute terms and relative to individual needs, but at the same time they had worse nutritional status indicators; 37,2% of them had malnutrition of the 1st to 3rd degree. At the same time, patients with multidrug resistant tuberculosis were significantly more often HIV-positive, they had disseminated and chronic tuberculosis, the treatment of which itself lead to a decrease in appetite, malnutrition, metabolic and digestion disorders.
Paradigma Dakwah Kultural: Dimensi Sufisme dalam Kontruksi Karakter Bima pada Pewayangan Jawa
Authors: Hidayatullah Ahmad 
Published: May 2020

<p>Wayang as a pride of Javanese culture is well known not only for artistic dimension, but also for a spiritual dimension. It can be seen from a compositions of wayang characters, namely Bima. This research is a qualitative research that focuses on library research about Mahabharata books, Javanese culture (wayang), Walisongo, and dakwah. This research is data analysis that uses descriptive analysis, as an effort to describe and analyze the siprirtiual dimensions are manifested in aspects of dakwah and sufism in the construction of the Bima character. The results of this study indicate that the character of Bima shows the construction for dimensions of dakwah and Sufism. The dimension of dakwah lies in the process of islamization of Hindu that contained in wayang that finally changes the character and storyline of the wayang itself. While the dimension of Sufism is in the process of conveying the values of Sufism, such as in the depiction of the soul (nafs) and manunggaling Kawula Gusti in the Dewaruci play.</p><p> </p>
Magnetic field shielding in electric vehicles by vibration energy harvesting dampers
Authors: Nerubenko George , Panovko Grigory , Shokhin Alexander 
Published: May 2020

The passengers of electric vehicles are exposed to strong magnetic ﬁelds associating to the vehicle equipment, devices and electric motors. The aim of study is to demonstrate the necessity of an implementation of the authors US Patent which has 4 combined functions in electric vehicle application: mitigate the torsional vibrations of rotating part, serve as a flywheel improving the quality of rotation, generate additional electricity and shielding the magnetic fields. The mathematical modeling, simulation analysis and experimental study were done for electric vehicle. It is shown that the usage of proposed energy harvesting damper could generate up to 11 kW of additional electricity, while reducing the levels of torsional vibrations in driveline, improving the quality of rotation and eliminate the impact of magnetic fields.
Dynamic response of auxetic structures
Authors: Proffit Matthieu , Kennedy John 
Published: May 2020

Auxetic materials have been investigated since the 1990’s, they are defined by a negative Poisson’s ratio which gives them interesting capabilities in energy and shock absorption. They are usually lattice structures (2D or 3D array of unit cells), which gives them high stiffness to weight properties and their properties can be tuned to suit a given application. Several papers have been published on new auxetic designs, their static equivalent mechanical properties, shock absorption properties and their manufacturing. Their dynamic behavior has not been studied to date and this is the main purpose of this paper. We will present a novel design that facilitates 3D printing with SLA printers and then examine the dynamic behavior of an auxetic structure between 0 and 1 kHz. In order to explain the unusual behavior of the structure, an initial theoretical model of non-linear spring has been developed with partial success.
Electronic Government Rukun Tetangga Model
Authors: Antoni Darius , Akbar Muhamad , Fatoni Fatoni 
Published: May 2020

E-government is the one of facilities of government to interact and communicate with the citizen as the government's ability to improve service performance. However, not all citizen, including the poor, can benefit the e-government services. To answer the issue, this research developed e-government model of Rukun Tetangga (RT) based on eight factors consisting of Content providers, Direct-to-consumer, Value-net-Integrations, Full-service providers, Infrastructure service providers, Market, Collaboration and Virtual Communities. Quantitative research was used to collect data through interview with 24 participants including Head of RT, Citizen and Employees District Office in Palembang. The findings of this study showed that an e-government RT model was required to help Palembang Government to meet needs of the citizen, which had impacts to improve services to entire levels of society.
Strategy to Use Local Government’s Facebook Page to Improve Public Services
Authors: Puspitaningrum Ari cahaya 
Published: May 2020

The population of internet users in Indonesia increase continuously form year to year along with the development of information technology infrastructure in Indonesia. This underlies the management of social media in the government agencies. The government sector could communicated with the citizens through social media such as Facebook as a form of direct communication to disseminate information for the citizens. Through current government social media accounts, it could be seen that the posting of official government Facebook account were still rare. Based on existing studies, it has not yet been reviewed the relationship of post and comment categorization on Facebook to improve the government's Facebook management strategy and public service improvement strategy. Therefore, this study was conducted so that the results could help the local government to maximize the management of Facebook accounts to be right on target, provide trustful information, and get a good response from the citizens. There were 30 Local Government Facebook accounts that have been analysed, resulting number of statuses and comment ranks in last 2 months. Then performing frequency analysis on 30-often-used words which will be used as a trigger to categorize. The results of the study are in the form of strategic suggestions for local governments to improve the content of each category through Facebook. Local governments are suggested to convey information from many aspects in a balanced manner in accordance with the needs of the citizens.

Keywords– social media; categorization; strategy; local government
Copula-based drought severity-area-frequency curve and its uncertainty, a case study of Heihe River basin, China
Authors: Li Zhanling , Shao Quanxi , Tian Qingyun , Zhang Louie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Copulas are appropriate tools in drought frequency analysis. However, uncertainties originating from copulas in such frequency analysis have not received significant consideration. This study aims to develop a drought severity-areal extent-frequency (SAF) curve with copula theory and to evaluate the uncertainties in the curve. Three uncertainty sources are considered: different copula functions, copula parameter estimations, and copula input data. A case study in Heihe River basin in China is used as an example to illustrate the proposed approach. Results show that: (1) the dependence structure of drought severity and areal extent can be modeled well by Gumbel; Clayton and Frank depart the most from Gumbel in estimating drought SAF curves; (2) both copula parameter estimation and copula input data contribute to the uncertainties of SAF curves; uncertainty ranges associated with copula input data present wider than those associated with parameter estimations; (3) with the conditional probability decreasing, the differences in the curves derived from different copulas are increasing, and uncertainty ranges of the curves caused by copula parameter estimation and copula input data are also increasing. These results highlight the importance of uncertainty analysis of copula application, given that most studies in hydrology and climatology use copulas for extreme analysis.