bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sacubitril/valsartan versus candesartan in women with heart failure receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer - is there any antiarrhythmic effect?
Authors: Kanorskii S. G. , Pavlovets V. P. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose. To compare the effects of sacubitril/valsartan and candesartan on the occurrence and course of heart arrhythmias in the standard treatment of heart failure (HF) in patients with breast cancer receiving anthracycline antibiotics as part of adjuvant polychemotherapy. Methods. The study involved 127 women aged 53 to 65 who received radical surgical and subsequent treatment for breast cancer in the MAMME clinic in Krasnodar in 2017-2020. Patients were prescribed adjuvant polychemotherapy, including anthracyclines, from 6 cycles. After randomization, standard HF therapy was carried out simultaneously with chemotherapy using sacubitril/valsartan (n=63) or candersartan (n=64). Initially, after the first, third and last courses of special cancer therapy, the heart rate was assessed using standard electrocardiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring of the electrocardiogram, transthoracic echocardiography, a 6-minute walk test were performed, and the level of the N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I, the Minnesota Quality of Life Questionnaire for patients with chronic HF was completed.Results. According to the 24-hour Holter monitoring of the electrocardiogram, the burden of ventricular premature contraction significantly decreased in the sacubitril/valsartan group (p=0.018), but not in candesartan group (p=0.326). The proportion of patients with persisting episodes of unstable ventricular tachycardia was also significantly reduced in patients randomized to take sacubitril/valsartan (p=0.027), but practically did not change in the candesartan group (p=0.785). Physical exercise tolerance, a 6-minute walk distance, and a quality of life indicator significantly improved only in the sacubitril/valsartan group. According to echocardiography, sacubitril/valsartan improved systolic function of the left ventricle, and candesartan only prevented its decline under the influence of the damaging effects of chemotherapy.Conclusion. The efficacy and safety of treating patients who received cardiotoxic adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, a decrease in the burden of ventricular arrhythmias, noted in the sacubitril/valsartan group, were a consequence of the intensification of treatment for HF. The cardiotoxic effect of anthracyclines can be overcome thanks to the pronounced positive neurohumoral effects of modern pharmacotherapy of HF using sacubitril/valsartan, which leads to a limitation of myocardial remodeling.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PEMBELAH PINANG
Authors: Sukadi Sukadi , Kurniawan Ari 
Published: October 2020

Buah pinang terdiri dari biji, serabut dan batok yang memiliki tingkat kekerasan tertentu. petani masih menggunakan pembelahan buah pinang secara manual dengan alat yang sederhana sebagai pembelah. Pembelahan buah pinang yang secara manual ini sangat lambat dan beresiko kecelakaan sangat besar. Dengan proses manual tersebut maka petani mengalami permasalahan yaitu harga yang lebih rendah jika hasil panennya dijual tanpa dibelah. Jika ingin menjual setelah dibelah maka kapasitas hasil buah pinang terbelah juga masih kecil. penelitian ini bertujuan membuat mesin pembelah pinang untuk meningkatkan kapasitas produksi buah pinang yang terbelah. Dari Analisa mesin pembelah pinag didapatkan hasil bahwa mesin ini mampu membelah buah pinang 120 kg/jam, dimana 75 % hasilnya terbelah dengan sempurna.

Kata kunci: Buah Pinang, harga jual, Kapasitas produksi
PENGARUH DIRECT DAN IN-DIRECT QUENCHING DENGAN MEDIA AIR TERHADAP KEKERASAN HASIL HARDFACING BAJA KARBON
Authors: Budhi Susetyo Ferry , Basori Imam , Maryanto Dwi 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh direct-quenching dan furnace-quenching dengan media air terhadap nilai kekerasan dan struktur makro hasil hardfacing menggunakan elektroda HV 600. Proses direct quenching satu dilakukan hardfacing dua lapis dengan satu kali quenching menggunakan air, pada proses direct quenching dua dilakukan hardfacing dua lapis dengan dua kali quenching menggunakan air. Selanjutnya pada spesimen furnace quenching dilakukan proses hardfacing dua lapis, kemudian dilanjutkan proses heat treatment dengan variasi holding time (10, 20 dan 30 menit) lalu dilakukan quenching menggunakan air. Kekerasan furnace quenching lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan direct quenching. Pada spesimen furnace quenching semakin lama holding time dalam furnace maka nilai kekerasannya akan menurun. Penggunaan direct quenching sangat menjanjikan, karena dapat meningkatkan nilai kekerasan tanpa mengeluarkan biaya untuk pemanasan ulang dalam tungku (furnace heat treatment).
Behavior of critical nuclei of pentacene formed on a substrate surface based on the results of molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Ikeda Susumu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the author’s last paper [Ikeda, Appl. Phys. Express 13, 015508 (2020)], it was suggested that the number of molecules that constitute a critical nucleus of pentacene is about ten based on the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations performed to investigate the stability of clusters comprising standing pentacene molecules on substrate surfaces. In this study, the author carried out additional MD simulations of clusters comprising ten pentacene molecules and found that these molecular clusters of critical size show stochastic behavior, which can be understood based on curves of free energy change. The discrepancy in the number of molecules that constitute a critical nucleus of pentacene between previous reports and this study is also discussed.
Ribeirinhos em Resistência à Gestão Biocêntrica de Unidades de Conservação Pública e Privada no Pantanal
Authors: Bicalho Ana Maria De Souza Mello , Hoefle Scott William , De Araújo Ana Paula Correia 
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho analisa o conflito socioambiental no qual a população ribeirinha é ameaçada por unidades de conservação ambiental pública e privadas no norte de Mato Grosso do Sul e limite com Mato Grosso. O Parque Nacional do Pantanal Matogrossense e reservas particulares de patrimônio natural – RPPN – articulam-se em uma forte rede de conservação biocêntrica e ameaçam a população tradicional ribeirinha gerando conflito. O objetivo é analisar e avaliar o conflito, quanto a questões fundiárias e a restrições que são impostas pelas unidades de conservação sobre a população limitando o modo de vida de legado histórico. Ribeirinhos resistem e alianças extra local são formadas visando a permanência no lugar. Abordagem teórico baseia-se na História Ambiental Radical e na Ecologia Política Crítica, questionando injustiça social em ações ambientais discriminatórias de populações rurais vulneráveis.
The Application of Sugarcane Bagasse Compost and Effectiveness of N-Fertilizer on Vegetative Growth for Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Firmansayah Muhammad , Wahyudi Erfan , Putra Irwan Agusnu , Kurniawan Dedi 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: This research was determined the growth response of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in N-fertilizer and sugarcane bagasse compost.
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted at agricultural area of ​​Sejati Street, Sari Rejo Village, Medan Polonia Sub-District, Medan. This research was conducted from August until December 2015. This research used therandomized block design in factorial. The first factor was N-fertilizer with 4 rates, 0 g.polybag-1 (P0), 2 g.polybag-1 (P1), 4 g.polybag-1 (P2),and 6 g.polybag-1 (P3). The second factor was the provision of sugarcane bagasse compost with 4 rates, 0 g.polybag-1 (K0), 2 g.polybag-1 (K1), 4 g.polybag-1 (K2) and 6 g.polybag-1 (K3). The observed data were analyzed by the F-test, and continued with the DMRT at level of 5%.
Results: Composting bagase significantly affected the leaf area of cocoa seedling at 2 and 4 weeks after planting. The application of N-fertilizer had significant affected the number of leaves for cocoa seedling. The interaction of P2K2 (6 g.polybag-1 N and 4 g.polybag-1 of bagasse compost) showed the highest fresh- and dry-weight of cocoa seedling compared to other interactions, although the effect was not significant.
“Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Nurses during Corona Lockdown in a Selected Teaching Hospital, Kaski, Nepal"
Authors: Silwal Muna , Koirala Dipti , Koirala Sabita , Lamichhane Anju 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Mental health is as important as physical health to respond to COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has increased social isolation and fear regarding health and well-being as well as a dilemma which can lead to mental health problems among general people and health workers.Thus the main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with depression, anxiety and stress among nurses working in a hospital of Nepal during the period of Corona lockdown.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 152 nurses working at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre of Kaski district of Nepal. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic items and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-42) scale from 11 April to 18 April, 2020. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 applying descriptive statistics and inferential statistical method.
Results: Respondent's mean age and SD was 24.09 + 3.19 years. The sample mean score of DASS-42 was 29.46 (SD 25.37). Depression, anxiety and stress were prevalent among 39.5%, 50% and 25.7% of the respondents respectively. There was significant association of depression with education level (χ2 =6.597; p=0.01) and working unit (χ2 =8.187; p=0.004). Anxiety was significantly associated with working unit (χ2 =6.973; p=0.008) and children status (χ2 =4.199; p=0.040). Stress was significantly associated with age (χ2 =4.906; p=0.027), working unit (χ2 =4.984; p=0.026) and children status (χ2 =5.653; p=0.017).
Conclusion: Based on findings, it can be concluded that some degree of depression, anxiety and stress were prevalent among nurses during COVID-19 pandemic. Further assessment should be made to confirm the respective diagnoses. Stress and anxiety relieving sessions and psychological support programs may help for the nurses with higher than cut-offs.
Differential Attainment in Leadership Roles in the UK NHS
Authors: Sait Saif , Nayar Vijay , Chauhan Dev , Rao Sahana , Menon Geeta 
Published: October 2020

Aim – to review the evidence on differential attainment in leadership positions in the NHS and develop an expert consensus
In this review we will explore in-depth, the current data surrounding differential attainment in leadership roles in the UK NHS, possible reasons for these disparities, and what interventions may address this inequality. This scoping review forms part of the Alliance for Equality in Healthcare Professions project on DA chaired by the British Association of Physicians of Indian Origin (BAPIO) and will be integrated into the Bridging the Gap project undertaken by BAPIO Institute for Health Research (BIHR).
Flare Statistics for Young Stars from a Convolutional Neural Network Analysis of TESS Data
Authors: Feinstein Adina D. , Montet Benjamin T. , Ansdell Megan , Nord Brian , Bean Jacob L. , Günther Maximilian N. , Gully-Santiago Michael A. , Schlieder Joshua E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
All-sky photometric time-series missions have allowed for the monitoring of thousands of young (t
age < 800 Myr) stars in order to understand the evolution of stellar activity. Here, we developed a convolutional neural network (CNN), stella, specifically trained to find flares in Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) short-cadence data. We applied the network to 3200 young stars in order to evaluate flare rates as a function of age and spectral type. The CNN takes a few seconds to identify flares on a single light curve. We also measured rotation periods for 1500 of our targets and find that flares of all amplitudes are present across all spot phases, suggesting high spot coverage across the entire surface. Additionally, flare rates and amplitudes decrease for stars t
age > 50 Myr across all temperatures T
eff ≥ 4000 K, while stars from 2300 ≤ T
eff < 4000 K show no evolution across 800 Myr. Stars of T
eff ≤ 4000 K also show higher flare rates and amplitudes across all ages. We investigate the effects of high flare rates on photoevaporative atmospheric mass loss for young planets. In the presence of flares, planets lose 4%–7% more atmosphere over the first 1 Gyr. stella is an open-source Python toolkit hosted on GitHub and PyPI.
MHA Herbarium: Eastern European collections of vascular plants
Authors: Seregin Alexey , Stepanova Nina 
Published: October 2020

World herbaria with 387.5M specimens (Thiers 2019) are being rapidly digitised. At least 79.9M plant specimens (20.6%) are already databased throughout the globe in the standard form of GBIF-mediated data. The contribution of smaller herbaria has been steadily growing over the last few years due to cost reduction, usage of platforms and solutions developed by the leaders. A web-resource the Moscow Digital Herbarium (Seregin 2020b) was launched by the Lomonosov Moscow State University in October, 2016 for publication of specimens imaged and databased in the Moscow University Herbarium (MW). As of 31 December 2018, the web-portal included 968,031 images of 971,732 specimens digitised in MW. This dataset is available in GBIF (Seregin 2020). The global trend is largely the same in Russia, where a dozen herbaria started to scan their holdings after imaging of the nation’s second largest herbarium (Kislov et al. 2017, Kovtonyuk et al. 2019, Seregin 2020a). In 2019, we started to use Moscow Digital Herbarium as a web-repository for digitised herbarium specimens from some Russian collections, starting with the Herbarium of Tsitsin Main Botanical Gaden, Russian Academy of Sciences (MHA). Due to this, a single-university system became a multi-institutional consortium in April 2019 (Seregin 2020a). The dataset of the Moscow collections and partly of the Eastern European collections of the MHA Herbarium is now available in GBIF (Seregin and Stepanova 2020).
MHA Herbarium imaged 64,008 specimens from Moscow Region and partly from other regions of Eastern Europe at 600 dpi and provided key metadata. These data are now fully available in the Moscow Digital Herbarium and GBIF. Complete georeferencing of the specimens from the City of Moscow was a key task in 2020. As of May 2020, 50,324 specimens, including 49,732 specimens from Russia, have been georeferenced (78.6%) and 39,448 specimens have fully-captured label transcriptions (61.6%). Based on these data, we give a detailed overview of the collections including spatial, temporal and taxonomic description of the dataset.
Juvenile, but Not Adult, Mice Display Increased Myeloid Recruitment and Extracellular Matrix Remodeling during Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Authors: Kellar Gerald G. , Reeves Stephen R. , Barrow Kaitlyn A. , Debley Jason S. , Wight Thomas N. , Ziegler Steven F. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Early life respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been linked to the onset of asthma. Despite this association, our knowledge of the progression of the initial viral infection is limited, and no safe or effective vaccine currently exists. Bronchioalveolar lavage, whole-lung cellular isolation, and gene expression analysis were performed on 3-wk- (juvenile) and 8-wk-old (adult) RSV-infected C57BL/6 mice to investigate age-related differences in immunologic responses; juvenile mice displayed a sustained myeloid infiltrate (including monocytes and neutrophils) with increased RNA expression of Ccl2, Ccl3, and Ccl4, when compared with adult mice, at 72 h postinfection. Juvenile mice demonstrated αSma expression (indicative of myofibroblast activity), increased hyaluronan deposition in the lung parenchyma (attributed to asthma progression), and a lack of CD64 upregulation on the surface of monocytes (which, in conjunction with serum amyloid P, is responsible for clearing residual hyaluronan and cellular debris). RSV infection of human airway epithelial cell, human lung fibroblast, and U937 monocyte cocultures (at air-liquid interface) displayed similar CCL expression and suggested matrix metalloproteinase-7 and MMP9 as possible extracellular matrix modifiers. These mouse data, in conjunction with our findings in human monocytes, suggest that the sustained influx of myeloid cells in the lungs of juvenile mice during acute RSV infection could potentiate extracellular matrix remodeling, facilitating conditions that support the development of asthma.
Imaging spectrum of pulmonary infections in renal transplant patients
Authors: Ahmad Zohra , Bagchi Soumita , Naranje Priyanka , Agarwal S K , Das Chandan J 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the post renal transplant setting, pulmonary infections comprise an important set of complications. Microbiological diagnosis although specific is often delayed and insensitive. Radiography is the most common and first imaging test for which patient is referred, however it is relatively insensitive. HRCT is a very useful imaging tool in the scenario where radiography is negative or inconclusive and high clinical suspicion for infection is present. HRCT features vary among the various pathogens and also depend on the level of immunocompromise. Certain HRCT findings are characteristic for specific pathogens and may help narrow diagnosis. In this review article , we will summarize the imaging findings of various pulmonary infections encountered in post renal transplant patients.
Ratios of internal doses deposited in different organs to the whole body when such organ is adopted as source of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose, a Monte Carlo Geant4 study on a male medical internal radiation dose phantom
Authors: Bakkali Jaafar , Doudouh A , Biyi A , Bouyakhlef K , Sahel O , Benameur Y 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the present study, the last stable version of Monte Carlo Geant4 code known as Geant4.10.3 has been used for measuring internal dose ratios to the whole body for about 40 organs. This, by performing a Monte Carlo model of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) inside different organs of medical internal radiation dose male phantom, mimics a human male adult of 70 kg. A dedicated Geant4 user code has been developed in the top of one offered by Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit and so-called human phantom. Several Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out, and in each of them, we have taken up such organ as source of 18F-FDG with a small amount of radioactivity, evenly distributed across its volume, and we measure ratios of absorbed doses deposited in organs to the whole body. The results have shown that there are radiation dose contributions from surrounding organs and their gravities are so variable; some organs have near-local character; thus, almost all radiations are locally deposited, which generally do not affect surrounding ones mainly including adrenals, thyroid, clavicles, thymus, testes, bladder, pancreas, scapula and upper spine; whereas, it is not the case for many other organs in which radiation doses are deposited outside of their parent volumes. In addition, absorbed doses in some organs that have high-tissue weighting factors, namely colon, lungs, stomach, bladder, thyroid, and liver are seriously affected by radioactivity of surrounding muscle organs, the gravity of such affectation is mainly growth when a patient is identified as having hyperglycemia or undergoing a hard physical activity.
Modern Trends in Ownership and Acquisition of Large-scale Lands in Teshie and Kasoa, Ghana
Authors: Miller Appau Williams , Tannor Oliver , Peres Ofori 
Published: October 2020

With the rising urbanisation of some parts of Ghana, the demand for land for various purposes is inevitable. The article assesses current trend of large-scale land acquisition in Teshie and Kasoa. The study used semi-structured interviews to solicit primary data from key informants such as chiefs at Nyanyano-Kasoa and Tsie-We family head at Teshie, land guards, and investors who acquire large scale lands in these areas to identify the trends in such acquisitions between 2014 to 2019.The study uncovered that though there are variations in the nature of land ownership in Teshie and Kasoa, multiple sale of lands, poor land management practices, litigation and land guarding are common practices in both areas. The study found that there is an institutional gap as both the state and traditional institutions have not really done much to deal with the challenges confronting LSLAs in these areas. It is recommended that land owning groups be engaged and educated by the Lands Commission in collaboration with Customary Lands Secretariat on proper ways to manage and sell their lands to avoid multiple sales and the conflicts that it brings. The Ghana police service should crackdown on land guarding which is an illegal activity.
Keywords: Large-scale, Land Acquisition, Land Ownership, Customary Land Secretariat, Traditional Authorities
Substance Abuse among In-School and Out-Of-School Youth in Sokoto, Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Sarkingobir Y. , Dikko M. 
Published: October 2020

The objective of this study was to investigate substance abuse amongst in-school and out-of-school youth in Sokoto, northwestern Nigeria using cross-sectional descriptive survey. In the course of the survey, the commonly use substances, causes, effects, and protection were assessed. The data obtained show that, most of the respondents were males (93%), only few were females (6.7%). All the respondents were Muslims. Most of the out-of-school youth (OSY) were married (80%) and only 6.7% are married among in-school youth (ISY).The respondent’s age was within 18-22 years in most cases. Most (80%) of ISY were at senior secondary classes, 46.7% of OSY left school after primary education, 26.7% never attended school. Most of the respondents have more than 2 kids (93.3%), only 6.7% have about 10 kids. Commonly cited drugs are: cigarette, cannabis, alcohol, inhalants, tranquilizers, opiates, and hallucinogens. Reasons for substance abuse were: social/ peer pressure, rebellion, overwork/learning, shyness, fear, parental influence, fun and lack of role model. It also revealed that ISY started drug use earlier than the OSY. Friends, drug pushers, curiosity introduced youth to drugs. Effects of substance abuse are: bad temper, disturbed sleep, ill-health, depression, anxiety, tiredness, disrespect, failure at workplace/school on individual. At family level the effects include: disgrace, breakdown of relationship, loss of confidence in child, and ill-health. While at friend’s level, the effects include: breakdown of relationship, fear, anxiety. And at community or society levels, the effects listed were: crime, reduced productivity, violence, ill-health, high cost of treatment, accidents. To protect youth from substance abuse diverse efforts by governmentand NGOs and interventions are required.
Keywords: Substance abuse, drug, out-of-school youth, in-school youth, key informants, public health