bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using stable isotopes to assess population connectivity in the declining European Turtle Dove (Streptopelia turtur)
Authors: Marx Melanie , Rocha Gregorio , Zehtindjiev Pavel , Peev Strahil , Bakaloudis Dimitris , Metzger Benjamin , Cecere Jacopo G. , Spina Fernando , Cianchetti‐Benedetti Marco , Frahnert Sylke , Gamauf Anita , Voigt Christian C. , Quillfeldt Petra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEuropean Turtle Doves (Streptopelia turtur) are long‐distance migrants and have experienced a population decline of more than 78% since 1980. Their conservation depends on refined knowledge of breeding origins and population connectivity. Feathers collected at stopover sites, but molted at breeding grounds, provide an opportunity to assign birds to potential regions of origin using tissue stable hydrogen isotope values and relate those to a European feather hydrogen isoscape. Here, 101 feather samples from 13 different breeding countries were analyzed to calibrate the European hydrogen isoscape and 101 feather samples from Spanish, Italian, Maltese, Greek, and Bulgarian stopovers were assigned to potential regions of origin. The assigned range of origin for all 101 individuals grouped together agreed with known distribution patterns. Bulgarian samples were mostly assigned to Russian areas. Possible origins of Greek, Italian, Maltese, and Spanish samples ranged from central to southern Europe. Individual assignments highlighted four broad regions of origin, corresponding to a cool/humid to hot/dry temperature gradient. Proportions of birds assigned to these regions varied among birds sampled at different stopover sites. Therefore, our results provide important information about population connectivity and may be useful to evaluate possible influences of hunting on Turtle Dove populations.
Content analysis of websites selling alcohol online in Australia
Authors: Colbert Stephanie , Thornton Louise , Richmond Robyn 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroduction and AimsOnline alcohol sales have experienced rapid growth in Australia in recent years, averaging 14% annual growth over the last 5 years. This study aims to provide information about the advertised sales and delivery practices of online alcohol retailers in Australia and the potential implications for alcohol‐related harm.Design and MethodsA cross‐sectional website content analysis of the 65 most visited Australian alcohol delivery websites. Data extracted for content analysis from each of the included websites fell under six broad categories: product range; average prices; promotions and discounting; payment and delivery; age verification methods; and policy statements.ResultsOnline alcohol retailers offer a variety of alcohol products cheaply, with around 20% selling a 750 mL bottle of wine for under AUD$5. Most (81.5%) offered discounts for purchasing greater quantities and (89.2%) offered visitors an opportunity to sign up to receive discounts and promotions directly via email. Concerningly, 13.8% of websites allowed customers to purchase alcohol using a ‘buy now, pay later’ scheme such as AfterPay or Zip Pay. Delivery in under two hours was available from 12% of retailers. Most retailers (75.4%) advertised a willingness to leave alcohol unattended at an address.Discussion and ConclusionsOnline alcohol retailers offer a variety of alcohol products cheaply, accompanied by heavy promotions and discounting. Most retailers advertise a willingness to leave alcohol unattended at an address without having verified the purchasers age, which raises concerns about access to minors. Improved regulation of this growing industry in Australia is required. [Colbert S, Thornton L, Richmond R. Content analysis of websites selling alcohol online in Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2020]
Calculation of the thermal conductivities of fine‐textured soils based on multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks
Authors: Wen Haiyan , Bi Jun , Guo Ding 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe thermal conductivity of soils is an important parameter in environment, earth science and engineering applications. A new thermal conductivity model based on the Fredlund and Xing model was proposed to mimic the thermal conductivity of fine‐textured soils from dryness to full saturation. However, the use of a measured thermal conductivity value at a certain saturation to calculate the parameter of the thermal conductivity model reduces the ease of use. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) to improve the thermal conductivity model. The performances of the MLR‐based model and ANN‐based model were evaluated and compared with measured data and three existing empirical models at different saturation ranges. The results showed that the MLR‐based model and ANN‐based model performed best at low saturations, the ANN‐based model performed best at saturations between 0.01 and 0.6, and the Johansen model showed the best fit to the measured data at saturations of above 0.6. In general, among the models, the ANN‐based model performed best from dryness to full saturation (root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.098 Wm−1K−1and average absolute deviation (AAD) = 0.071 Wm−1K−1), followed by the MLR‐based model (RMSE = 0.110 Wm−1K−1and AAD = 0.081 Wm−1K−1). The MLR‐based model and ANN‐based model are promising for the accurate calculation of the thermal conductivity of fine‐textured soils from dryness to full saturation and can be incorporated into the numerical modelling of heat and mass transfers.HighlightsThe ANN‐based model performed best among five models from dryness to full saturation, followed by the MLR‐based model.The MLR‐based model and ANN‐based model showed the best fit to the measured data at low saturations.The ANN‐based model showed the best fit to the measured data at saturations between 0.01 and 0.6.The Johansen (1975) model showed the best fit to the measured data at saturations of above 0.6.
A review of regional limb perfusion for distal limb infections in the horse
Authors: Biasutti S. A. , Cox E. , Jeffcott L. B. , Dart A. J. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryRegional limb perfusion (RLP) is a technique widely used for the treatment of limb infections in horses. The objective is to deliver high concentrations of an antimicrobial to a focal region to optimise the bacterial kill with minimal systemic effects. However, experimentally, realising these objectives has been unreliable because conflicting methodologies have produced highly variable results. The aim of this study is to review all of the experimental and clinical literature on RLP between 1990 and 2019 to determine whether there is evidence that RLP has a consistent and practical application for the treatment of distal limb infections in equine practice. A large number of reports have been published on RLP in the horse; however, there are many variations in the technique including the drug used, dose, volume and concentration of perfusate, dosing interval, the type, method and duration of application of the tourniquet and whether the procedure is performed standing or anaesthetised. Prospective clinical studies are lacking, retrospective studies are limited by their nature, while wide differences in treatment regimen and methodology in retrospective and experimental studies have complicated the interpretation of the findings and make it difficult to rationalise an approach that provides a reliable and repeatable outcome. The optimal method of performing RLP has not been established, so the apparent clinical benefits of the technique are often difficult to confirm and quantify. Future studies need to standardise methodologies to enable meaningful comparisons.
The Caenorhabditis elegans INX‐4/Innexin is required for the fine‐tuning of temperature orientation in thermotaxis behavior
Authors: Tsukamoto Satomi , Emmei Taishi , Nakano Shunji , Nishio Nana , Sasakura Hiroyuki , Mori Ikue 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInnexins in invertebrates are considered to play roles similar to those of connexins and pannexins in vertebrates. However, it remains poorly understood how innexins function in biological phenomena including their function in the nervous systems. Here, we identified inx‐4, a member of the innexin family in C. elegans, by a forward screening of thermotaxis‐defective mutants. The inx‐4 mutants exhibited abnormal migration to a temperature slightly higher than the cultivation temperature, called mild thermophilic behavior. Rescue experiments revealed that INX‐4 acts in the major thermosensory neuron AFD to regulate thermotaxis behavior. INX‐4::GFP fusion protein localized exclusively along axons in AFD neurons. In addition, over‐expression of INX‐4 in AFD neurons induced a cryophilic behavior, which is opposite to inx-4 mutants. Our findings suggest that INX‐4/Innexin in AFD may fine‐tune the execution of thermotaxis behavior when moving to desired temperatures.
Evolutionary history of the Pectoral Sparrow Arremon taciturnus: evidence for diversification during the Late Pleistocene
Authors: Carneiro de Melo Moura Carina , Fernandes Alexandre M. , Aleixo Alexandre , Farias Pereira de Araújo Helder , de Freitas Mariano Erich , Wink Michael 
Published: January 2020

We focus on reconstructing a spatiotemporal scenario of diversification of a widespread South American species, the Pectoral Sparrow Arremon taciturnus (Aves: Passerellidae). This species is widely distributed in both the humid and the dry forests of South America and therefore provides an interesting model for understanding the connection between different biomes of South America. We examined nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial genes Cytochrome b (cyt‐b) and NADH subunit 2 (ND2) from 107 specimens, and one nuclear marker (intron 7 of the β‐fibrinogen gene) from a subset of samples collected across the distribution ranges of A. t. taciturnus and A. t. nigrirostris. Six major lineages were recovered in the phylogenies that displayed high levels of variance of allele frequencies and corresponded to distinct geographical locations. The estimation of divergence times provided evidence that diversification of the six lineages of the Pectoral Sparrow occurred throughout the Late Pleistocene across major cis‐Andean biomes and Amazonian interfluves. Our dataset for A. taciturnus provides further evidence that rivers in Amazonia constitute barriers promoting allopatric speciation, with occasional sharing of alleles among lineages, particularly those with adjacent distributions.
Promoter methylation of Bax and Bcl2 genes and their expression in patients with Behcet’s disease
Authors: Asadi Shahin , Khabbazi Alireza , Alipour Shahriar , Abolhasani Somayeh , Haji Jafar , Amjadi Hossein , Sakhinia Ebrahim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBCL2 and BAX genes are a group of signalling inducer and inhibitor genes playing a key role in the process of cellular physiological death (apoptosis). These genes, through the JAK/STAT signalling pathway, affect different cytokines on cell function and subsequently lead to the pathophysiology of diseases, especially autoimmune diseases. In addition, altering the methylation of genes can affect their expression. Since the aetiology and pathology of Behcet's disease is not fully understood, the aim of this study was to determine the methylation pattern of BCL2 and BAX genes in patients with Behcet's disease and compare it with those of control group. This was a case–control study on 51 patients with Behcet and 61 control subjects. Blood samples were received from all subjects. Subsequently, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated by Ficoll method and the methylation of the sites was investigated using quantitative methylation specific PCR (qMS‐PCR) technique after extraction of DNA by salting out method and its examination with Nano drop. The results of methylation and expression of Bax gene suggest that the methylation level in the patient group significantly increased compared to the healthy individuals (p‐value < .05). Furthermore, the results related to Bax gene expression revealed that the mean of gene expression in the patient group has decreased compared to the healthy group, and this decrease was statistically significant (p‐value < .05). The rate of expression and methylation of Bcl2 did not indicate any change in the two patient and healthy groups. Given the results of this study, it can be guessed that perhaps DNA methylation is involved in certain conditions of the disease and it may result in regulation of the expression of the involved genes such as Bax gene, in the pathogenesis of the disease.
High performance of 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced fluorescent selective upper tract urinary cytology
Authors: Yamamichi Gaku , Nakata Wataru , Yoshimura Akihiro , Tsujimura Go , Tsujimoto Yuichi , Nin Mikio , Mimura Akihiro , Miwa Hideaki , Tsujihata Masao 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the efficacy of selective upper tract urinary cytology using extracorporeal 5‐aminolevulinic acid for the diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.MethodsWe evaluated 104 patients who underwent radical nephroureterectomy and were diagnosed pathologically as having upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma between March 2013 and May 2019 in Osaka Rosai Hospital. Preoperatively, we collected upper tract urinary cytology from both sides, and compared the sensitivity and specificity between conventional urine cytology and 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced fluorescent urine cytology.ResultsThe sensitivity of 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced fluorescent selective upper tract urinary cytology was significantly higher than conventional cytology (90.4% vs 66.3%, P < 0.001), whereas the specificity was equally high (100% vs 98.2%, P = 1.0). In more detailed analysis, the sensitivity of 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced fluorescent selective upper tract urinary cytology was significantly higher than that of conventional cytology unrelated to patients’ age (<76 years: 90.2% vs 68.6%, P = 0.013; ≥76 years: 90.6% vs 64.2%, P = 0.021), sex (male: 89.2% vs 67.5%, P = 0.001; female: 95.2% vs 61.9%, P = 0.02) or pT stage (pT1 or less: 91.4% vs 69.0%, P = 0.005; pT2 or more: 89.1% vs 63.0%, P = 0.006), tumor grade (high grade: 91.0% vs 70.5%, P = 0.002; low grade: 88.5% vs 53.8%, P = 0.013), and tended to be more efficacious for tumors that could not be detected by imaging techniques (83.3% vs 50.0%, P = 0.075).Conclusions5‐Aminolevulinic acid‐induced fluorescent selective upper tract urinary cytology is more sensitive than conventional cytology for the diagnosis of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma, regardless of pT stage and tumor grade.
Incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing urological surgery: A multi‐institutional prospective study
Authors: Matsuki Masahiro , Tanaka Toshiaki , Takahashi Atsushi , Inoue Ryuta , Hotta Hiroshi , Itoh Naoki , Taguchi Keisuke , Kato Ryuichi , Kobayashi Ko , Masumori Naoya 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium among patients aged ≥65 years undergoing elective urological surgery.MethodsFrom April 2015 through December 2016, 1023 consecutive patients aged ≥65 years who received transurethral, laparoscopic (with or without robot assistance) or open surgery in eight institutions were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Their preoperative cognitive status was assessed with the Hasegawa Dementia Scale‐Revised score. The treating physician or nurse assessed delirium using the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictive factors for postoperative delirium.ResultsWe analyzed 946 patients whose median age was 74 years (range 65–95 years). Postoperative delirium was observed in 32 patients (3.4%). Multivariate analysis showed that a history of cerebrovascular disease (odds ratio 5.24, 95% confidence interval 2.05–13.40), low Hasegawa Dementia Scale‐Revised score <20 points (odds ratio 3.50, 95% confidence interval 1.36–9.02), low serum albumin level <3.5 g/dL (odds ratio 3.12, 95% confidence interval 1.25–7.83) and long surgery duration >4 h (odds ratio 4.94, 95% confidence interval 2.20–11.10) were independent risk factors for the development of postoperative delirium.ConclusionsThe preoperative medical history, cognitive status, low serum albumin level and operative duration were associated with the development of postoperative delirium, although the incidence was just 3.4% in elective urological surgery. The present results suggest that the Hasegawa Dementia Scale‐Revised is a useful tool for assessment of the risk for delirium.
Resilience of African migrant women: Implications for mental health practice
Authors: Babatunde‐Sowole Olutoyin O. , DiGiacomo Michelle , Power Tamara , Davidson Patricia M. , Jackson Debra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMigrants from areas affected by war, especially refugee migrants, are susceptible to mental health issues. In addition to recognising trauma, health professionals, such as mental health nurses, need to be aware of the strength and resilience of refugees and migrants. The capacity to provide trauma‐informed care that is shaped by the recognition of clients’ strength and resilience is required/paramount to meet the current demand of multiculturalism emanating from an increased global migration. To facilitate increased awareness about West African women’s resilience prior to migration and support trauma‐informed care, we used a qualitative strength‐based storytelling approach with 22 West African women residing in Sydney, Australia. Thematic analysis of the women’s stories identified two major themes: When the World Falls Apart and Battered but Strong. Findings revealed that past personal experiences significantly influenced participants’ strength and resilience and contributed to their mental health. Mental health professionals such as nurses can play an important role by incorporating knowledge about the resilience of migrants and refugees into providing appropriate trauma‐informed care.
Respiratory syncytial virus acute respiratory infection‐associated hospitalizations in preterm Mexican infants: A cohort study
Authors: Benítez‐Guerra Daniela , Piña‐Flores Cecilia , Zamora‐López Miguel , Escalante‐Padrón Francisco , Lima‐Rogel Victoria , González‐Ortiz Ana María , Guevara‐Tovar Marcela , Bernal‐Silva Sofía , Benito‐Cruz Beatriz , Castillo‐Martínez Fernanda , Martínez‐Rodríguez Luz E. , Ramírez‐Ojeda Vianney , Tello‐Martínez Nallely , Lomelí‐Valdez Rodrigo , Salto‐Quintana Jack , Cadena‐Mota Sandra , Noyola Daniel E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of severe acute respiratory infections (ARI) in preterm infants. The incidence of RSV‐associated hospitalizations has not been defined in Mexico.ObjectivesTo determine the incidence of ARI‐ and RSV‐associated hospitalizations in preterm infants during the first year of life.MethodsProspective cohort study of 294 preterm infants followed up through monthly telephone calls and routine outpatient visits. Hospitalized children were identified through daily visits to pediatric wards of participating hospitals and through telephone calls. Respiratory samples were tested for RSV by RT‐PCR.ResultsMean gestational age of participating infants was 33 weeks. Ninety‐six infants were diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and 17 with congenital heart disease (CHD); 11 had both conditions. There were 71 hospitalization episodes in 53 infants. Respiratory samples for RSV detection were available in 44 hospitalization episodes, and the result was positive in 16 (36.3%). At least one hospitalization for ARI was recorded in 33 of 96 participants with BPD, in seven of 17 with CHD, and 18 of 192 infants without these diagnoses. Five (71.4%) of CHD infants who required admission also had BPD. RSV‐confirmed hospitalization rates were 9.4%, 5.9%, and 2.6% for infants with BPD, CHD, and otherwise healthy preterm infants, respectively. Attributable RSV admission frequencies were estimated to be 13.6%, 16.5%, and 4.1%, respectively.ConclusionsMexican preterm infants, particularly those with BPD, have high rates of ARI‐ and RSVassociated hospitalizations. Specific interventions to reduce the incidence of severe infections in this highrisk group are required.
Impact of a nurse‐led limited risk factor modification program on arrhythmia outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing catheter ablation
Authors: Yaeger Amaryah , Keenan Brendan T. , Cash Nancy R. , Parham Tara , Deo Rajat , Frankel David S. , Schaller Robert D. , Santangeli Pasquale , Nazarian Saman , Supple Gregory E. , Arkles Jeffrey , Kumareswaran Ramanan , Hyman Matthew C. , Riley Michael P. , Garcia Fermin C. , Lin David , Epstein Andrew E. , Callans David J. , Mora Jorge I. , Amaro Anastassia , Schwab Richard , Pack Allan , Marchlinski Francis E. , Dixit Sanjay 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe have previously demonstrated the feasibility of a nurse‐led risk factor modification (RFM) program for improving weight loss and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) care among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).ObjectiveWe now report its impact on arrhythmia outcomes in a subgroup of patients undergoing catheter ablation.MethodsParticipating patients with obesity and/or need for OSA management (high risk per Berlin Questionnaire or untreated OSA) underwent in‐person consultation and monthly telephone calls with the nurse for up to 1 year. Arrhythmias were assessed by office ECGs and ≥2 wearable monitors. Outcomes, defined as Arrhythmia control (0‐6 self‐terminating recurrences, with ≤1 cardioversion for nonparoxysmal AF) and Freedom from arrhythmias (no recurrences on or off antiarrhythmic drugs), were compared at 1 year between patients undergoing catheter ablation who enrolled and declined RFM.ResultsBetween 1 November 2016 and 1 April 2018, 195 patients enrolled and 196 declined RFM (body mass index, 35.1 ± 6.7 vs 34.3 ± 6.3 kg/m2; 50% vs 50% paroxysmal AF; P = NS). At 1 year, enrolled patients demonstrated significant weight loss (4.7% ± 5.3% vs 0.3% ± 4.4% in declined patients; P < .0001) and improved OSA care (78% [n = 43] of patients diagnosed with OSA began treatment). However, outcomes were similar between enrolled and declined patients undergoing ablation (arrhythmia control in 80% [n = 48] vs 79% [n = 38]; freedom from arrhythmia in 58% [n = 35] vs 71% [n = 34]; P = NS).ConclusionDespite improving weight loss and OSA care, our nurse‐led RFM program did not impact 1‐year arrhythmia outcomes in patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation.