bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Polymeric Diet Rich in Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 Does Not Reduce Inflammation in Chronic 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid Colitis in Pre-pubertal Rats
Authors: Dupont-Lucas Claire , Marion-Letellier Rachel , Pala Mathilde , Guérin Charlène , Amamou Asma , Jarbeau Marine , Bôle-Feysot Christine , Nicol Lionel , David Amelyne , Aziz Moutaz , Colasse Elodie , Savoye-Collet Céline , Savoye Guillaume 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Pediatric Crohn’s disease is characterized by a higher incidence of complicated phenotypes. Murine models help to better understand the dynamic process of intestinal fibrosis and test therapeutic interventions. Pre-pubertal models are lacking. We aimed to adapt a model of chronic colitis to pre-pubertal rats and test if a polymeric diet rich in TGF-β2 could reduce TNBS-induced intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. Methods: Colitis was induced in 20 five-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats by weekly rectal injections of increasing doses of TNBS (90 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg and 180 mg/kg) for 3 weeks, while 10 controls received phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Rats were anesthetized using ketamine and chlorpromazine. After first administration of TNBS, 10 rats were fed exclusively MODULEN IBD® powder, while remaining rats were fed breeding chow. Colitis was assessed one week after last dose of TNBS by histopathology and magnetic resonance colonography (MRC). Results: Histological inflammation and fibrosis scores were higher in TNBS group than controls (p<0.05 for both). MRC showed increased colon wall thickness in TNBS group compared to controls (p<0.01), and increased prevalence of strictures and target sign (p<0.05). Colon expression of COL1A1, CTGF, α-SMA and COX-2 did not differ between TNBS rats and controls. TNBS colitis was not associated with growth failure. Treatment with MODULEN IBD® was associated with growth failure, increased colon weight/length ratio (p<0.01), but did not affect histological scores or MRI characteristics. Colon expression of α-SMA was significantly lower in the MODULEN group vs. controls (p=0.005).Conclusion: Features of chronic colitis were confirmed in this model, based on MRC and histopathology. Treatment with MODULEN did not reverse inflammation or fibrosis.
COVID-19: Epidemiology and Preventive Measures in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Chen Yi , Liu Jiashu , Yang Changrui , Zhang Aihong , Ai Zisheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background To discuss the epidemiological features of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) and prevention measures in Jiangsu Province. Methods Information on all novel coronavirus pneumonia confirmed cases in Jiangsu was collected from the official website of Jiangsu Commission of Health. All data are entered into Excel and Python3 for statistical analysis. Epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia confirmed cases from January 10, 2020 to March 18th in Jiangsu province were retrospectively analyzed. Meanwhile, the preventive measures of Jiangsu Commission of Health and the people's Government of Jiangsu Province were also analyzed. Results 631 COVID-19 cases were diagnosed in Jiangsu Province, covering 13 districts in Jiangsu. Before February 1, the confirmed cases were mainly imported cases, and after February 1, community transmission cases became main part of confirmed cases. There were more male patients than females, and most patients were in the group of 30-70 years old, 49 patients (7.8%) with mild symptom and 572 patients (90.6%) with common type accounted for the majority. The cumulative mortality rate was 0% and the cure rate was 100%. Reasonable treatment, timely and effective preventive measures were taken to effectively improve cure rate and to prevent the spread of the epidemic, all measures ensure the health and life safety of the people. Conclusion The preventive measures in Jiangsu Province were timely and effective, the epidemic situation in Jiangsu Province had been well controlled and cured.
Predicting&nbsp;COVID-19 Disease Progression with Chest CT Images
Authors: Liang Hongqin , Qiu Xiaoming , Zhu Liqiang , Chen Lihua , Hu Xiaofei , Liu Chen , Chen Wei , Wang Jian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Some mild patients can deteriorate to moderate or severe within a week with the natural progression of COVID-19.it has been crucial to early identify those mild cases and give timely treatment . The chest computed tomography (CT) has shown to be useful to assist clinical diagnosis of COVID-19.In this study, machine learning was used to develop an early-warning CT feature model for predicting mild patients with potential malignant progression.Methods：The total of 140 COVID-19 mild patients were collected. All patients at admission were divided into groups (alleviation group and exacerbation group) with or without malignant progression.The clinical and laboratory data at admission, the first CT, and the follow-up CT at critical stage of the two groups were compared with Chi-square test,.The CT features data (distribution, morphology,etc) were used to establish the prediction model by Fisher's linear discriminant method and Unconditional logistic regression algorithm. And the model was validated with 40 exception data.and the Area Under ROC curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the models.Results：The model filtered out three variables of CT features including distal air bronchogram, fibrosis,and reversed halo sign. Notably, the distal air bronchograms was less common in alleviation group, while the fibrosis and reversed halo sign were more common.The sensitivity, specificity and Youden index of unconditional logistic regression were 86.1%, 92.6% and 78.7%, For the analysis of Fisher's linear discriminant, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index were 83.3%, 94.1% and 77.4%. The generalization ability of both models were consistent with sensitivity of 95.89%, specificity of 100%, and Youden index of 83.33%.Conclusions: The CT imaging features-based machine learning model has a high sensitivity for finding out the mild patients who are easy to deteriorate into severe/critical cases efficiently so that timely treatments came true for those patients,while largely help to relieve the medical pressure.
Molecular electrocatalysts transform CO into C2+ products effectively in a flow cell
Authors: Ren Shaoxuan , Fink Arthur , Lees Eric , Zhang Zishuai , Wu Wen Yu , Dvorak David , Berlinguette Curtis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The highest performance flow cells capable of electrolytically converting CO2 into higher value chemicals and fuels pass a concentrated hydroxide electrolyte across the cathode. A major problem for CO2 electrolysis is that this strongly alkaline medium converts the majority of CO2 into unreactive HCO3– and CO32– rather than CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) products. The electrolysis of CO (instead of CO2) does not suffer from this same problem because CO does not react with hydroxide. Moreover, CO can be more readily converted into products containing two or more carbon atoms (i.e., C2+ products). While several solid-state electrocatalysts have proven competent at converting CO into C2+ products, we demonstrate here that molecular electrocatalysts are also effective at mediating this transformation in a flow cell. Using a molecular copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) electrocatalyst, CO was electrolyzed into C2+ products at high rates of product formation (i.e., current densities J ≥200 mA/cm2), and at high Faradaic efficiencies for C2+ production (FEC2+; 72% at 200 mA/cm2). These findings present a new class of electrocatalysts for making carbon-neutral chemicals and fuels.
Climate warming explains half of the magnitude of temporal changes in life-history traits
Authors: McLean Nina , Kruuk Loeske E. B. , Jeugd Henk van der , Leech Dave , Turnhout Chris van , Pol Martijn van de 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Many wild populations are showing changes in phenotypic traits. However, the common assumption that such changes are driven by climate change relies on three conditions: that local climate is changing over time, that trait(s) are sensitive to climate variability, and that other causal agents are not also changing. We used long-term datasets on 60 bird species to test these conditions and to quantify the contribution of warming temperatures to changes in three important life-history traits. Across species, approximately half of the magnitude of changes in traits could be attributed to a single temperature window, with averages of 50% for laying date, 40% for body condition and 56% for offspring numbers. Thus, although warming temperatures were a key driver of change, other unknown factors contributed substantially to temporal trends (typically reinforcing change). Further analyses showed that these non-temperature-driven contributions explained most of the inter-specific variation in trait changes.
Quantum total reflection of single-photon in imaging
Authors: Jie Yuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This work theoretically considers the quantum tunneling effect on total reflection of single-photon with frequency v in single-photon imaging. We find 1) that there exists a critical potential barrier Vc (in unit J) , above which total reflection definitely occurs, for the photon in a square barrier with arbitrary width and 2) that the critical barrier has a linear relationship with the frequency of lights from infrared to ultraviolet: Vc= hv +1.113437609582533e-20where h is the Planck constant and Vo = 1.113437609582533e-20 J is defined as the quantum total reflection constant of single-photon. This relationship could be used to choose light for practical single-photon imaging and laser detecting techniques.
The Ttg2 ABC system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa functions as a general glycerophospholipid transporter between the two cell membranes
Authors: Yero Daniel , Díaz-Lobo Mireia , Costenaro Lionel , Conchillo-Sole Oscar , Mayo Adrià , Ferrer-Navarro Mario , Vilaseca Marta , Gibert Isidre , Daura Xavier 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Ttg2D is the soluble periplasmic phospholipid-binding component of an ABC transport system thought to be involved in maintaining the asymmetry of the outer membrane. The crystallographic structure of Ttg2D at 2.5 Å resolution reveals that this protein can accommodate four acyl chains. Analysis of the available structures of Ttg2D orthologs shows that they conform a new substrate-binding-protein structural cluster. Native and denaturing mass spectrometry experiments confirm that Ttg2D, produced both heterologously and homologously and isolated from the periplasm, can carry two diacyl glycerophospholipids as well as one cardiolipin. Binding is notably promiscuous, allowing the transport of various molecular species. In vitro binding assays coupled to native mass spectrometry show that binding of cardiolipin is spontaneous. Gene knockout experiments in P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant strains reveal that the Ttg2 system is involved in low-level intrinsic resistance against certain antibiotics that use a lipid-mediated pathway to permeate through membranes.
Managing Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support During The COVID-19 Pandemic – A Proposal for A Nursing Standard Operating Procedure
Authors: Puslecki Mateusz , Dabrowski Marek , Baumgart Konrad , Ligowski Marcin , Dabrowska Agata , Stefaniak Sebastian , Szarpak Lukasz , Friedrich Tammy , Szlanga Lidia , Skorupa Paulina , Steliga Aleksandra , Hebel Kazimiera , Andrejanczyk Blazej , Ladzinska Malgorzata , Wieczorek Magdalena , Ziemak Piotr , Smereka Jacek , Tukacs Monika , Swol Justyna , Jemielity Marek , Perek Bartlomiej 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy is proven to be efficient in a selected critically ill patient population and is showing promising results in refractory hypoxemia in the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, it necessitates specialized clinicians and advanced technological resources. While COVID-19 is an ongoing global emergency, there is no evidence-based practice in preparedness. This article proposes an innovative and optimized nursing care protocol, the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), that increase safety, and prevents overuse of personal protective equipment (PPE) without interfering with therapy during ECMO in COVID-19 patients. Methods: A high-fidelity simulation scenario was developed. It included practicing safe and proper PPE donning and doffing during work organization, ECMO cannulation and ECMO-related procedures, and routine daily nursing care and management of patients on ECMO over nine hours. Results: Results were collected in three parts – proposal of nursing standardized operating procedures. They provide including work organization, work load references, competences and infrastructural conditions. Additionally, the cannulation equipment checklist proposal and daily routine nursing algorithm with other procedures during extracorporeal support were created.Conclusions: High-fidelity medical simulation can play an important role in staff training, improvement in previously gained proficiency, and development of optimal SOP for nursing care and management during ECMO in patients with COVID-19. Optimal SOPs may further guide multidisciplinary teams including intensive care units and interventional departments.
Southwestward growth of plateau surfaces in eastern Tibet
Authors: Cao Kai , Replumaz Anne , Tian Yuntao , Husson Laurent , Wang Guo-can , Shen Tianyi , Reiners Peter , Bernet Matthias , Beek Peter van der 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Both the kinematics and dynamics for topographic growth of the Tibetan Plateau remain debated despite their significance for understanding the evolution of continental lithospheric geodynamics, climate, and biodiversity in Asia. Morphometric analysis reveals the continuity of high-elevated peneplains through the Songpan-Garze-Yidun, Qiangtang and Lhasa terranes in eastern Tibet. Inverse thermal-history modeling of thermochronological data indicates slow cooling of these terranes since 80-60 Ma, 40-35 Ma and 20-5 Ma, respectively, which is interpreted as marking tectonic and topographic stabilization of the plateau surfaces. The diachronous stabilization of flat plateau surfaces and early encroachment suggests decoupling of plateau surface formation from Neogene river incision and tectonics. This southwestward piecemeal expansion of small plateaus suggests that the high-elevation, low-relief landscape of eastern Tibet has been constructed during distinct orogenic episodes prior and during the early stages of India-Asia collision. A late stage of tectonic activity during Neogene only moderately remodeled the outer rims of the plateaus and the valleys that delineate the transcurrent faults, while lower crustal channel flow only leveled the distinct plateaus to a unique elevation, thereby triggering river incision in eastern Tibet.
AI Business Model: An Integrative Business Approach
Authors: Mishra Shrutika , Tripathi AR 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence is the ecosphere’s prevalent and most comprehensive general knowledge and common-sense cognitive engine. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) business platform model is virtually at affluence with cloud SaaS model. It concerns AI solutions that can work together on top layer of the other digital systems, like a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) business system. AI admittances in digital data fluid through these coordination, fueling business enhancements over phase. In this business model, the business will safekeeping a recurrent subscription. This study endeavors to emphasis on the preemptive side of the use of AI and Machine learning (ML) technology to enterprise digital platform business model innovation and business dynamics.
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Revealed Novel Potential Therapeutic Targets Of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Pinggan-Qianyang Decoction) On Vascular Remodeling In Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Yao Jia-Mei , Zhang Cui , Yang Yu-Shu , Fang Xia , Chen Qiong , Zhong Guangwei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Both experimental and clinical studies have revealed satisfactory effects with the traditional Chinese formula Pinggan Qianyang decoction (PGQYD) for improving vascular remodeling caused by essential hypertension. The present study explored various therapeutic targets of PGQYD using mRNA transcriptomics. Methods: In this study, rats were randomly divided into three groups: Wistar-Kyoto (WKY; normal control), spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), and PGQYD-treated rat groups. After 12 weeks of PGQYD treatment, behavioral tests were employed and the morphology of thoracic aortas were examined with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining and electron microscopy. The mRNA expression profiles were identified with RNA-Seq and quantitative real-time PCR to validate changes in gene expression observed with microarray analysis. The gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were carried out to predict gene function and gene co-expressions. Pathway networks were constructed to identify the hub biomarkers, which were further validated by western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. Results: After PGQYD treatment, the behavioral tests and histological and morphological findings of vascular remodeling were obviously meliorated compared with the SHR group. In the rat thoracic aorta tissues, 626 mRNAs with an exact match were identified. A total of 129 of mRNAs (fold change >1.3 and P-value <0.05) were significantly changed in the SHR group compared to the WKY group. Among them, 16 mRNAs were markedly regulated by PGQYD treatment and validated with quantitative real-time PCR. Additionally, target prediction and bioinformatics analyses revealed that these mRNAs could play therapeutic roles through biological processes for regulating cell metabolic processes (such as glycation biology), biological adhesions, rhythmic processes, and cell aggregation. The cellular signaling pathways involved in glycosylation may be AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.Conclusion: The present study provides novel insights for future investigations to explore the mechanisms by which PGQYD may effectively inhibit vascular remodeling by activating the AGE-RAGE signal pathway in glycation biology.
Simultaneous Determination of Luteoloside, Apigetrin, And Hesperidin In Rat Plasma By UHPLC-MS/MS: Application to A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Investigation After Oral Administration Of Schizonepeta Tenuifolia Aqueous Extract With And Without Its Volatile Oil
Authors: Liu Siting , Jiang Yulan , Shan Mingqiu , Yu Sheng , Cheng Fangfang , Chen Peidong , Bao Beihua , Cao Yudan , Zhang Li , Wu Qinan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq. (ST) has been used as an aromatic exterior-releasing medicine in clinical practice for thousands of years in China. Previous researches have revealed both volatile oil (STVO) and aqueous extract (STAE) from ST showed significant pharmacological activities. However, the influence between each other was still unknown. Methods: This study was designed to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of three main flavonoids (luteoloside, apigetrin, and hesperidin) in STAE to illustrate the influence of STVO. So, an ultra-flow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) method was established to quantitatively analyze the three absorbed ingredients in the plasma of healthy rats. Biological samples were analyzed on an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 column (3.0 mm × 150 mm, 3.5 μm) with gradient mobile phase (containing 0.2% formic acid and acetonitrile) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. All the analytes and quercitrin (IS) were investigated with an electrospray ionization source (ESI) using multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) in negative ionization mode. Results: This quantitative method showed good linearities (r ≥0.9995) and the lower limits of quantification were 0.590~1.19 ng/ml. The intra- and inter-day precisions ranged 3.47~10.45% and 4.29~11.28% for the three analytes. The mean extraction recoveries were in the range of 77.41~109.79% and the average matrix effects were within 83.41~112.67%. The validated method has been fully applied to compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of the three flavonoid glycosides in rat plasma after oral administration of STAE and STAE+STVO. In comparison of luteoloside, apigetrin, and hesperidin in STAE group, it was found that different degree of increasing existed for the time to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax), elimination half-life time (T1/2), the area under the concentration curves (AUC0→t and AUC0→∞) and the maximum concentrations (Cmax) in STAE+STVO group. Conclusions: As can be seen from above, STVO could improve the absorption and bioavailability of the three analytes. These findings would provide some active and strong basis of safe clinical application for ST and further exploitation for STVO from the perspective of drug-drug interaction.
Quantitative Study on the Efficacy of Acupuncture in the Treatment of Menopausal Hot Flashes and Its Comparison with Non-Hormonal Drugs
Authors: Li Ting , Zhang Yi , Cheng Qingqing , Hou Mengyuan , Zheng Xijun , Zheng Qingshan , Li Lujin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of menopausal hot flashes has always been controversial, which limited the use of acupuncture. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of acupuncture to that of sham acupuncture (SA), placebo pills, and non-hormonal drugs to provide the necessary quantitative information for establishing medication guidelines for menopausal hot flashes.Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed using public databases. Randomized clinical studies on acupuncture therapy for the treatment of hot flashes in menopausal women were identified. A time-course model was established to describe the efficacy characteristics of acupuncture and SA, which were compared with the efficacy of non-hormonal drugs and placebo pills reported in the literature. Results A total of 17 studies involving 1123 subjects were included. It was found that the baseline number of hot flashes was an important factor affecting the efficacy of acupuncture and SA. After correcting the baseline to eight hot flashes per day, the frequency of hot flashes decreased from baseline for traditional acupuncture (TA), electro-acupuncture (EA), TA&EA (merger analysis of TA and EA), and SA were 3.1 (95% CI: 2.8, 3.4), 3.6 (95% CI: 3.2, 4.0), 3.2 (95% CI: 2.9, 3.5), and 2.6 (95% CI: 2.2, 3.0) times/day at week 8, respectively. Compared with findings reported in the literature, we found the efficacy of EA was comparable to that of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs/SNRIs) and neuroleptic agents such as gabapentin and escitalopram. Furthermore, the efficacy of TA&EA was significantly higher than that of placebo pills (2.3, 95% CI: 1.8, 2.9). Conclusions The efficacy of TA&EA was higher than that of SA and significantly higher than that of placebo pills. The efficacy of EA was higher than that of TA, significantly higher than that of SA, and comparable to that of SSRIs/SNRIs and neuroleptic agents.