bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide detection of copy number variants in European autochthonous and commercial pig breeds by whole‐genome sequencing of DNA pools identified breed‐characterising copy number states
Authors: Bovo S. , Ribani A. , Muñoz M. , Alves E. , Araujo J. P. , Bozzi R. , Charneca R. , Di Palma F. , Etherington G. , Fernandez A. I. , García F. , García‐Casco J. , Karolyi D. , Gallo M. , Gvozdanović K. , Martins J. M. , Mercat M. J. , Núñez Y. , Quintanilla R. , Radović Č. , Razmaite V. , Riquet J. , Savić R. , Schiavo G. , Škrlep M. , Usai G. , Utzeri V. J. , Zimmer C. , Ovilo C. , Fontanesi L. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this study, we identified copy number variants (CNVs) in 19 European autochthonous pig breeds and in two commercial breeds (Italian Large White and Italian Duroc) that represent important genetic resources for this species. The genome of 725 pigs was sequenced using a breed‐specific DNA pooling approach (30–35 animals per pool) obtaining an average depth per pool of 42×. This approach maximised CNV discovery as well as the related copy number states characterising, on average, the analysed breeds. By mining more than 17.5 billion reads, we identified a total of 9592 CNVs (~683 CNVs per breed) and 3710 CNV regions (CNVRs; 1.15% of the reference pig genome), with an average of 77 CNVRs per breed that were considered as private. A few CNVRs were analysed in more detail, together with other information derived from sequencing data. For example, the CNVR encompassing the KIT gene was associated with coat colour phenotypes in the analysed breeds, confirming the role of the multiple copies in determining breed‐specific coat colours. The CNVR covering the MSRB3 gene was associated with ear size in most breeds. The CNVRs affecting the ELOVL6 and ZNF622 genes were private features observed in the Lithuanian Indigenous Wattle and in the Turopolje pig breeds respectively. Overall, the genome variability unravelled here can explain part of the genetic diversity among breeds and might contribute to explain their origin, history and adaptation to a variety of production systems.
Gross anatomical study of the thoracolumbar primary dorsal branches and their course from the spinal cord to the skin in the cat
Authors: Röhrmann Nicole , Mülling Christoph K. W. , Bernigau Dora 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe course of spinal nerves and the corresponding cutaneous areas are fundamental for numerous therapeutic approaches used in complementary veterinary medicine. Positive effects of these methods are primarily based on segmental reflex arcs which are associated with the course of the spinal nerves. In this morphological study, the lateral cutaneous branches of the thoracolumbar dorsal branches from Th9 to L7 were examined in cats with special regard to their anatomical course. A four‐layer dissection was carried out to reveal the course of nerves between the intervertebral foramina and their point of entry into the skin, starting in the dorsal midline. Dorsal branch courses and covered distances were documented and measured in each layer. The covered distance was evaluated by the Caudal Shift Index (CSIn) on both body sides and within each layer. The ‘back region’ was used as relative dimensional unit, describing the distance between the cranial tips of two consecutive spinous processes. Overall, the mean CSIn for dorsal branches of Th9 to L7 amounted to three back regions from the intervertebral foramen to the skin entry point of a dorsal nerve branch. This provides therapists with clues and should be put into practice, by extending the treatment area up to three segments caudally from the nerve exit point. Furthermore, the results of this study present new data on inferred lumbar dermatomes in cats, data which until now have only been transferred from other species. These results may serve as an anatomical foundation for manual therapies.
Women’s epidural decision‐making in labour: A Townsville perspective
Authors: Quach Diane , Woolley Torres , Pandit Tarsh , Rane Ajay , Ray Robin A. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundDespite being an efficacious means of pain relief, there is a broad range of usage rates of epidural analgesia among countries worldwide. Australia sits between common usage in North America and more conservative usage in the UK. The reason for this is unclear, raising the question of whether there is a difference between Australia and other Western countries in pregnant women’s attitudes toward epidural use, or the hospital context.AimTo explore predictors for epidural analgesia request among pregnant women in Townsville, Australia.Materials and MethodsA three‐phase mixed methods exploratory study design, with Phase One involving 12 one‐on‐one interviews with pregnant and post‐partum women regarding attitudes toward labour analgesia decision‐making and epidural preferences. Interview data were analysed thematically to develop a survey distributed to 265 third‐trimester women in Phase Two. Phase Three involved a chart review of survey participants to record delivery mode, epidural request and indication. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis of Phases Two and Three data were used to develop predictive models for epidural decision‐making.ResultsInterviews revealed several themes influencing analgesia preferences in Townsville women: concerns regarding personal safety, trust in health professionals, and previous experiences with labour. The logistic regression identified epidural request in labour to be predicted by: primiparity, epidural experience, induction or augmentation of labour, and perceived sense of control associated with epidural use.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the most significant influencers on Townsville women’s epidural decision‐making were parity, induction or augmentation of labour, previous experience of epidurals and attitude toward epidurals.
Non‐operative management of small post‐appendicectomy intra‐abdominal abscess is safe and effective
Authors: Collins Geoffrey , Allaway Matthew G. R. , Eslick Guy D. , Cox Michael R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntra‐abdominal abscess (IAA) post‐appendicectomy occurs in 1.4–4.4% of cases. Non‐operative management of small (<4 cm) post‐appendicectomy IAA in children is well established, but minimal evidence exists in adults. Percutaneous catheter drainage is considered standard treatment for IAA, yet outcome data for post‐appendicectomy IAA are sparse. The aims of this study were to assess the effectiveness of non‐operative management of small (<4 cm diameter) IAA and the outcomes of percutaneous drainage for larger (>4 cm) IAA post‐appendicectomy.MethodsA retrospective case note review of a series of patients with a post‐appendicectomy IAA between 2006 and 2017 was conducted. IAAs were treated selectively; small (<4 cm) IAAs were managed non‐operatively and larger IAAs were managed with percutaneous drainage .ResultsA total of 4901 patients had an appendicectomy. Forty‐two (0.9%) developed a post‐operative IAA. Sixteen (38%) had a percutaneous drainage and 26 (62%) had non‐operative management. The percutaneous drainage group had a higher proportion of complicated appendicitis (75%) compared to the non‐operative group (42%, P = 0.04). The percutaneous drainage group had a significantly higher leucocytosis (P = 0.01) and C‐reactive protein (P = 0.02). All patients managed non‐operatively resolved without the need for invasive procedures. In the percutaneous drainage group, six had aspiration alone, nine had a percutaneous drain and one was abandoned. Three required repeat percutaneous drainage and four (25%) required operative drainage. Seven patients (34%) of the percutaneous drainage group had grade II or III complications.ConclusionThis case series study provides support that small (<4 cm) IAA post‐appendicectomy can be safely and effectively managed non‐operatively.
A scoring system for predicting downgrading and resolution of high‐grade infant vesicoureteral reflux
Authors: Sjöström Sofia , Pivodic Aldina , Abrahamsson Kate , Sixt Rune , Stokland Eira , Hansson Sverker 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimAim of the study was to provide a scoring system for predicting downgrading and resolution of infantile high‐grade vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).MethodsEighty‐nine infants (65 boys) with high‐grade VUR (grade 4‐5) diagnosed at median age 2.5 months and followed to 39 months had repeated investigations of VUR grade, renal damage/function and bladder function. Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) were registered. Risk variables collected at 1 year were analysed as independent factors for spontaneous resolution to grades ≤2 and 0, using univariable/multivariable logistic regression.ResultsA scoring system was built with a total of 14 points from four independent risk factors (sex, breakthrough UTI, type of renal damage and subnormal glomerular filtration rate). Children with persistent VUR (grade 3‐5) had higher scores compared with the group with spontaneous resolution (grade 0‐2) (mean 7.9 vs. 4.5, P < .0001). A score of ≥8 points indicated a low probability of VUR resolution (≤14%). The model was considered excellent based on area under the ROC curve (0.82) and showed satisfactory internal validity.ConclusionThis model provides a practical tool in the management of infants born with high‐grade reflux. High scores at one year of age indicate a high risk of persistent dilated reflux.
Completely laparoscopic repair for recurrent inguinal hernia that developed after open posterior mesh repair
Authors: Morioka Daisuke , Izumisawa Yusuke , Ohyama Norio , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Horii Nobutoshi , Asano Fumio , Miura Masaru , Sato Yoshiki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSurgeons tend to avoid performing completely laparoscopic repair (CLR) for recurrent inguinal hernia (RIH) that developed after the open posterior mesh repair (OPMR). For many, totally extraperitoneal repair or transabdominal preperitoneal repair after OPMR seems difficult because the previously placed mesh may pose an obstacle during the exfoliation of the parietal peritoneum. Moreover, these procedures could cause chronic pain if the “trapezoid of disaster” is injured. In this small case series, we describe our operative technique for CLR for RIH after OPMR, including modified transabdominal preperitoneal repair and modified intraperitoneal onlay mesh repair. The short‐term and midterm outcomes of this procedure are also reported. Although we recognize the need for further analysis involving many more cases and a longer follow‐up period, we will continue to perform CLR for RIH after OPMR because the results of this small case series were favorable.
Validation of the RHL30 digital gene expression assay as a prognostic biomarker for relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Calvente Lourdes , Tremblay‐LeMay Rosemarie , Xu Wei , Chan Fong Chun , Hong Michael , Zhang Tong , Yhim Ho‐Young , Kuruvilla John , Crump Michael , Kukreti Vishal , Prica Anca , Regier Dean , Marra Marco A. , Karsan Aly , Steidl Christian , Scott David W. , Sabatini Peter , Kridel Robert 
Published: June 2020

SummaryDespite continuing improvements in the management of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), relapse remains associated with a risk of lymphoma‐related mortality. The biological composition of relapse tumour biopsies shows interpatient variability, which can be leveraged to design prognostic biomarkers. Here, we validated the RHL30 assay, a previously reported gene expression model in an independent cohort of 41 patients with relapsed cHL. Patients classified as high‐risk by the RHL30 assay had inferior failure‐free survival (FFS) after autologous stem cell transplantation (2‐year FFS 41% vs. 92%, P = 0·035). The RHL30 model is a robust biomarker that risk‐stratifies patients considered for autologous stem cell transplantation.
Preoperative frailty and outcome in patients undergoing radical cystectomy
Authors: van der Vlies Ellen , Los Maartje , Stijns Pascal E.F. , van Hengel Marike , Blaauw Nynke M.S. , Bos Willem Jan W. , van Dongen Eric P.A. , van Melick Harm H.E. , Noordzij Peter G. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the value of preoperative frailty screening in predicting postoperative severe complications and 1‐year mortality in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).Patients and MethodsProspective cohort single‐centre study in patients undergoing RC from September 2016 to December 2017. Preoperative frailty screening was implemented as standard care and was used to guide shared decision‐making during multidisciplinary team meetings. Frailty screening consisted of validated tools to assess physical, mental and social frailty. Patients were considered frail when having two or more frailty characteristics.The primary endpoint was the composite of a severe complication (Clavien–Dindo Grade III–V) within 30 days and 1‐year all‐cause mortality. The secondary endpoints included any complication (Clavien–Dindo II–V), length of stay, readmission within 30 days, and all‐cause mortality. Logistic regression analysis and the concordance statistic (c‐statistic) were used to describe the association and predictive value of preoperative frailty screening.ResultsA total of 63 patients were included; 39 (61.9%) were considered frail. Preoperative frailty was associated with a seven‐fold increased risk of a severe complication or death 1 year after RC [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 7.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–31.8; 22 patients]. Compared to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score and Charlson Comorbidity Index, frailty showed the best model performance (Nagelkerke R2 0.20) and discriminative ability(c‐statistic 0.72, P < 0.01) for the primary endpoint. After adding frailty to the conventional ASA risk score, the c‐statistic improved by 11% (P < 0.01). Overall survival was significantly worse in frail patients (23.2 months, 95% CI 18.7–30.1) vs non‐frail patients (32.9 months, 95% CI 30.0–35.9; P = 0.01).ConclusionsFrail patients undergoing RC are at high risk of postoperative adverse outcomes including death. Preoperative frailty screening improves preoperative risk stratification and may be used to guide patient selection for RC.
Children's experiences of food poverty in Portugal: Findings from a mixed‐method case study approach
Authors: Ramos Vasco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile observers acknowledge that the 2007–2008 crisis increased food insecurity, few studies considered how being food poor affects children's daily lives. In this paper, I discuss how children from low‐income families in Portugal experience food and deal with food scarcity. I draw on data from a larger European study, which employed a case study approach with a combination of semi‐structured interviews and photo‐elicitation. Children's accounts reveal how food poverty is embedded in their lives, affecting the quality and quantity of food, reducing opportunities to socialize with kin and friends and creating emotional stress. Visual methods added depth to our understanding.
Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Zhang Xuemei , Yin Changchun , Tian Wuguo , Lu Dongbing , Yang Xiumu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveSymptoms such as depression and anxiety are common psychiatric symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is still controversial in the treatment of anxiety and depression in patients with COPD. We conducted a meta‐analysis and systematic review to evaluate the effect of CBT on anxiety and depression in patients with COPD, with a view to providing some guidance for clinical application.Materials and methodsComputer search Web of Science, EMbase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, search time limit from the establishment of the library to August 2019. Collect the randomized controlled trial (RCT) for this topic. Two investigators independently screened the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. Meta‐analysis using RevMan5.3 software.ResultsA total of 10 studies were included in a total of 1278 patients. Meta‐analysis shows that CBT can improve depression and anxiety in patients with COPD. Subgroup analysis showed that intervention time ≥8 weeks had significant differences in improving anxiety, while intervention time <8weeks had significant differences in improving depression.ConclusionsCognitive behavioral therapy may possibly relieve depression in COPD patients in a short period of time, and it takes longer to improve anxiety. Therefore, clinical practice can choose the appropriate intervention time according to the patient’s psychological condition.
Predictive value of mixed antigen screen beads in pre‐transplant assessment of HLA immunization in solid organ transplant recipients
Authors: Snanoudj Renaud , Siemowski Jérémy , Amankwa Elizabeth , Kheav Vissal‐David , Arzouk Nadia , Galichon Pierre , Matignon Marie , Legendre Christophe , Delahousse Michel , Caillat‐Zucman Sophie , Taupin Jean‐Luc 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPre‐transplant serum screening of anti‐HLA antibodies is recommended for solid organ transplantations. Many laboratories use the less expensive bead‐based screening assay as the main technique and, if positive, turn to single‐antigen beads (SAB). We studied the correlations between these two immunoassays. We re‐analyzed the raw data of the two assays in 3030 first organ transplant recipients, explored with the two tests. We performed a ROC curve analysis of the screening ratio to predict a positive SAB assay. The AUC were 0.72 and 0.64 for class I and class II. The optimal thresholds of screening ratios were 3.28 (class I) and 2.11 (class II). Whatever the class, the negative predictive value was low, around 40%, with 36% of discordant sera, as defined by negative screening and positive SAB. Testing class I discordant sera on acid‐treated SAB showed that 54% of antibodies reacted against denatured HLA molecules. However, these screening‐negative sera may contain donor‐specific antibodies in 13.9% and 28.7% of cases for class I and class II, respectively, involved in antibody‐mediated rejection with the same frequency as non‐discordant sera. Given the low predictive value of screening, both assays should be performed at least once on the same serum before transplantation.
Outcome implications of benzodiazepine and opioid co‐prescription in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Lam Ngan N. , Schnitzler Mark A. , Axelrod David A. , Xiao Huiling , McAdams‐DeMarco Mara , Segev Dorry L. , Massie Allan B. , Dharnidharka Vikas R. , Naik Abhijit S. , Muzaale Abimereki D. , Hess Gregory P. , Kasiske Bertram L. , Lentine Krista L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe outcomes of benzodiazepine and opioid co‐prescription are not well‐defined in transplant populations. We examined linked national transplant registry and pharmaceutical records to characterize benzodiazepine and opioid use in the years before and after transplant in large US cohort of kidney transplant recipients (2007‐2016; N = 98 620), and associations (adjusted hazard ratio, LCLaHRUCL) with death and graft failure. Among the cohort, 15.6% filled benzodiazepine prescriptions in the year before transplant, and 14.0% filled benzodiazepine prescriptions in the year after transplant (short‐acting, 9.5%; long‐acting, 3.3%; both 1.1%). Use of short‐acting benzodiazepines in the year before transplant was associated with a 22% increased risk of death in the year after transplant (aHR, 1.081.221.38), while use of all classes in the year after transplant was associated with increased risk of death from >1 to 5 years (aHR: short‐acting 1.291.391.48; long‐acting 1.121.251.40; both 1.461.742.07). Recipients who used benzodiazepines were also more likely to fill opioid prescriptions. Recipients who filled both classes of benzodiazepine and the highest level of opioids had a 2.9‐fold increased risk of death compared to recipients who did not use either. Co‐prescription of benzodiazepines and opioids in kidney transplant recipients is associated with increased mortality. Ongoing research is needed to understand mechanisms of risk relationships.
Improving Outcomes Among Young Adults with type 1 diabetes: The D1 Now Randomised Pilot Study Protocol
Authors: Casey B. , Byrne M. , Casey D. , Gillespie P. , Hobbins A. , Newell J. , Morrissey E. , Dinneen S. F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundYoung adults (18‐25 years old) living with type 1 diabetes mellitus often have sub‐optimal glycaemic levels which can increase their risk of long term diabetes complications. Informed by health psychology theory and using a (public and patient involvement) young adult‐centred approach, we have developed a complex intervention, entitled D1 Now, to improve outcomes in this target group. The D1 Now intervention includes three components; 1) a support‐worker, 2) an interactive messaging system and 3) an agenda setting tool for use during clinic consultations.AimsThe aim of the D1 Now pilot study is to gather and analyse acceptability and feasibility data to allow us to (1) refine the D1 Now intervention, and (2) determine the feasibility of a definitive Randomised Control Trial (RCT) of the intervention.MethodsDiabetes clinics on the island of Ireland will be recruited and randomised to a D1 Now intervention arm or a usual care control arm. For a participant to be eligible they should be 18‐25 years old and living with type 1 diabetes for at least 12 months. Participant outcomes (influenced by a Core Outcome Set) include change in HbA1c, clinic attendance, number of episodes of severe hypoglycaemia and of diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetes distress, self‐management, quality of life and perceived level of control over diabetes; these will be will be measured at baseline and after 12 months follow‐up for descriptive statistics only. An assessment of treatment fidelity, a health economic analysis and a qualitative sub‐study will also be incorporated into the pilot study. ISRCTN (ref: ISRCTN74114336).
Complication rate among people with diabetes at low risk of foot ulceration in Fife, UK: an analysis of routinely collected data
Authors: Heggie R. , Chappell F. , Crawford F. , Martin A. , Gupta S. , Hawkins N. , Horne M. , Leese G. P. , Lewsey J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsTo estimate the rate at which people with diabetes and a low risk of foot ulceration change diabetic foot ulceration risk status over time, and to estimate the rate of ulceration, amputation and death among this population.MethodsWe conducted an observational study of 10 421 people with diabetes attending foot screening in an outpatient setting in NHS Fife, UK, using routinely collected data from a national diabetes register, NHS SCI Diabetes. We estimated the proportion of people who changed risk status and the cumulative incidence of ulceration, amputation and death, respectively, among people with diabetes at low risk of diabetic foot ulceration at 2‐year follow‐up.ResultsAt 2‐year follow‐up, 5.1% (95% CI 4.7, 5.6) of people with diabetes classified as low risk at their first visit had progressed to moderate risk. The cumulative incidence of ulceration, amputation and death was 0.4% (95% CI 0.3, 0.6), 0.1% (95% CI 0.1, 0.2) and 3.4% (95% CI 3.1, 3.8), respectively.ConclusionsAt 2‐year follow‐up, 5% of people at low risk of diabetic foot ulceration changed clinical risk status and <1% of people experienced foot ulceration or amputation. These findings provide information which will help to inform the current debate regarding optimal foot screening intervals.