bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
e-Tümlenmiş Modüllerin Torsiyon Teorisine Göre Genelleştirilmiş bir Versiyonu
Authors: SÖZEN Esra 
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı e-tümlenmiş modüllerin
torsiyon-teorik bir genelleştirmesini elde etmektir. Bunun için öncelikle bir modülün Te -küçük alt modülleri
tanımlanarak temel özelliklerine değinildi. Ardından Te -tümlenmiş modül ve Te -oyuk modül kavramlarına
yer verilerek bunlara ilişkin temel teorik özellikler irdelendi.
Skew lamda-cyclic Codes over Y_2
Authors: DERTLİ Abdullah , Çengellenmiş Yasemin 
Published: February 2020

In the
present paper, by defining two non-trivial automorphisms and Gray maps over Y_2=Z_4+uZ_4+vZ_4+uvZ_4 where u^2=0,v^2=0,uv=vu , the algebraic structcure of the skew lamda-cyclic codes and their Gray images over the finite ring Y_2 are determined, where a=1+u+v+uv.
Catalan Transform of The k-Lucas Numbers
Authors: ÖZKAN Engin , TAŞTAN Merve , GÜNGÖR Olcay 
Published: February 2020

Bu
çalışmada, k-Lucas
dizisinin Catalan
dönüşümünün tanımı
verildi. k-Lucas
dizisinin Catalan
dönüşümünün geren
fonksiyonu elde edildi. Ayrıca, Hankel
fonksiyonu kullanılarak oluşturulan
matrislerin determinantları hesaplandı.
Retrospective analysis of paediatric tracheostomy in Indian tertiary care centre
Authors: Patni Digant , Munjal Vishal R. 
Published: February 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tracheostomy is frequently performed surgical procedure. The present study was carried out to assess data on various indications, surgical issues if any, complications and outcomes of paediatric tracheostomy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study is a retrospective analysis of 32 paediatric patients between 1 to 12 years of age, who underwent tracheostomy at SAIMS, Indore between June 2015 to June 2019. Data was analysed in terms of patient age, sex, emergency or planned procedure, any surgical challenge, complications and post-operative follow up. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of patients were of prolonged intubation due to respiratory and laryngotracheobronchitis (15.6%) each, neuromuscular disease (15.6%), seizure disorder (9.4%), metabolic disease (9.4%) and neurological infection (6.3%). Obstructive causes included head injury (9.4%), sub-glottic stenosis (6.3%), malignancy (6.3%) and craniofacial anomaly (3.1%). Common complication encountered were partial blockage of tube, peri-stomal granulation and accidental decannulation. There was no tracheostomy related mortality in this study. Out of 32 patients, 16 were successfully decannulated, 6 were lost to follow up, 6 could not be decannulated and 4 expired due to worsening of primary disease.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is a changing trend in indications of tracheostomy and overall complications have reduced due to trained team and better care facility.</p>
Comparative study on the effect of various anterior nasal packing on ear compliance and ear canal volume
Authors: Pandit Jayeeta , Kumar Vignesh , Nath Amlanjyoti , Bhattacharjee Abhinandan 
Published: February 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Anterior nasal packing (ANP) is a commonly used procedure by otorhinolaryngologist for the control of post-operative bleeding post septoplasty and nasal surgery. However there remains an ambiguity regarding the effect of various nasal packings on the Eustachian tube dysfunctions. The present study intends to compare and evaluate the effects of ribbon gauge nasal packing (RNP), merocel nasal packing (MNP) and merocel with airway packing (MAP) on the eustachian dysfunction such as changes in the compliance and ear canal volume.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Ninety patients were selected for the study, and randomly divided into 3 groups of 30 patients each where the patients were treated with RNP, MNP and MAP. The pack was kept insitu for 48 hrs and the compliance and ear canal volume was measured at before pack is applied (pre pack), with ANP insitu at 48 hrs (with pack), and after removal of the nasal pack at 5th day (post pack). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The percentage of patients with abnormal compliance level as well as ear canal volume was found to be the highest among the patients in RNP group followed by patients from the MNP group. The least number of patients with abnormal compliance and ear canal volume was observed among the patients in the MAP groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> MAPs are better than ribbon gauge and MNPs in terms of maintaining the compliance level and ear canal volume.</p><p align="center"> </p>
Floating elbows in adults: epidemiology, clinical presentation, management and prognosis: Brazzaville Teaching Hospital experience
Authors: Marius Monka , Olivier Ohoya Etsaka Terence , Didace Massamba Miabaou , Albert Ngatse Oko , Armand Moyikoua 
Published: February 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical presentation, management and prognosis of classic floating elbows at the Brazzaville University hospital. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is retrospective descriptive study conducted in the Trauma-Orthopedics Department at Brazzaville University Hospital between January 2013 and December 2018. Four patients meeting the inclusion criteria underwent surgery. Open fractures were classified according to the classification of Gustilo and Anderson. Anatomical evaluation was based on the quality of fracture reduction and bone healing. The functional results were assessed according to the Mayo Clinic score. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The functional results were assessed according to the Mayo Clinic score of the 4 patients in our study, there were 3 men and 1 woman. The average age was 31 (28 and 34). They were all victims of traffic accidents. Three floating elbows were closed and one open at the humeral level with paralysis of the radial nerve. The closed fractures were treated by screwed plates and the open fracture by external fixator. Bone healing was achieved in 3 patients and we observed 1 case of aseptic nonunion of the radius. According to the Mayo Clinic score, 2 patients had a very good functional result, 1 patient an average result and 1 patient a poor result. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Classic floating elbows are rare and their prognosis remains unpredictable, especially when they involve musculo-cutaneous or neurovascular damages. Their treatment must be surgical in the adult to avoid a prolonged immobilization which may lead to stiffness of the elbow. A multidisciplinary approach should then be taken into consideration. </p>
Joint preservation surgery: a priority to be thought of in selective hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Narayanan Subramaian Kanthalu , Sellappan Rajesh 
Published: February 2020

<p class="abstract">Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is one of the causes of hip arthritis. If FAI diagnosed earlier and treated properly, arthritis of hip and eventual total hip replacement (THR) can be potentially avoided. We report 48 yr male who presented with left hip severe pain, limp, restricted movements and unable do daily day activities. He is diagnosed to have pincer type of lesion in the acetabular rim and we did arthroscopic excision of the protruding fragment. The patient now has a pain free joint and able to squat and sit cross leg. His pre-operative oxford hip score was 30 which improved to 54. </p>
“Turn back the course of a river / the course of life / that is my mission.” On the poems by Wincenty Różański
Authors: Nalepa Marek 
Published: February 2020

The article is an attempt at discussing the most important features of Wincenty Różański’s poetry written in the final years of his creative period. This poetry is strongly subjective, manifesting the poet’s Catholicism, and entrusting himself to the Blessed Virgin Mary, but it also tackled the subject of everyday life, routine behaviors and activities. In addition, the poet’s poems are characteristic in terms of their dialogical and stylistic relations compared to other cultural contexts, especially in the case of Grzegorz Ratajczyk’s paintings, as well as the prose and poems by Edward Stachura.
After Bereza. Polish literature towards the Confinement Centre in Bereza Kartuska. 1939–2018
Authors: Morawiec Arkadiusz 
Published: February 2020

The article concerns the inclusion in the broadly understood Polish literature of the theme and motif of the Confinement Centre in Bereza Kartuska (1934–1939). I discussed in it the formation of the image of the concentration camp since it ceased its operation (in 1939), mainly defined by ideology and politics, including the politics of memory. I particularly focussed on works of literature regarding the Confinement Centre created after the Centre ceased its operations. Those include both recollections, mainly by communists (e.g. by Michał Mirski and Jan Wójcik), and works of fiction, including the short story Jestem by Leon Pasternak, the play Bereziacy by Karol Obidniak and Roman Sykała, and novels: Wzbierająca fala by Czesław K. Domagała, Król by Szczepan Twardoch, and Szakale by Robert Żółtek.
Enhancement of heat exchangers with metal foams
Authors: Ozturk Mete , Dogan Bahadır 
Published: February 2020

Removal of the heat is becoming a vital issue for safer operations of todayâ€™s technological equipment. The necessity of heat exchangers is underlined at this stage for the sake of the emerging technologies, which are producing more heat than before by the increment of the higher energy demand during their operations. Several methods have been suggested to improve the efficiency of the heat exchangers in last decades by the researchers including the extension of the heat transfer surface by the larger surface areas surrounding the channels. In addition to this fundamental approach (extension of the surface area), alternate methods have been released too including the implementation of metal foams to the heat exchangers as for the extension of the surface.
Keywords: Heat exchangers, surface extension, metal foams.
La imagen de la mujer en el mundo burgués latinoamericano: una lectura de Blanca Sol de Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera
Authors: Monroy Leonardo 
Published: February 2020

Este artículo interpreta la imagen de la mujer en la mentalidad burguesa, basado en la lectura de Blanca Sol, una novela de la escritora peruana Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera. Este análisis está dividido en tres partes: en primer lugar, hay una comprensión de la forma como la narradora (un alter ego de la autora) observa la sociedad burguesa y las implicaciones del ascenso social y la igualdad. En una segunda parte, este artículo interpreta los acercamientos de Blanca Sol a los múltiples vicios de este nuevo estilo de vida burgués -como la hipocresía, la abyección y el deseo de dinero- y las implicaciones en el devenir de la mujer. Por último, se desarrolla un análisis sobre la forma como Cabello de Carbonera asume la secularización en Blanca Sol, una de las más importantes características de la sociedad moderna apalancada por la burguesía.
THE CHARACTERISTIC OF PATIENTS WITH FEMORAL FRACTURE IN DEPARTMENT OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND TRAUMATOLOGY RSUD DR. SOETOMO SURABAYA 2013 – 2016
Authors: Noorisa Riswanda , Apriliwati Dwi , Aziz Abdul , Bayusentono Sulis 
Published: February 2020

Fracture is a neuromuscular damage due to tissue trauma or discontinue of bones. Fractures of the lower limbs due to accidents have the highest prevalence among other fractures in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristic of patients with femoral fracture in Department of Orthopedic RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.This research is retrospective observational. We analyzed medical records of all stay in patient in Department of Traumatic and Orthopedic RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya during 1 January 2013 – 31 December 2016. Of the 972 enumerated, 112 subjects with femoral fracture were analyzed for study. The observed variable of patients’ profile include: sex, age, cause of fracture, type of wound, location of fracture, place of accident, time of accident.Our observational study during three years has concluded several findings as following. The most common cases of fracture is occurred at the age 15 – 24 with 40 cases (36%). Most of the cases is dominated by male gender (72%). Traffic accident (92%) is the major cause of fracture, which mostly occurred on the street (92%) at 06:01 A.M. until 12:00 A.M (28%). Closed wound (71%) is commonly found in femoral fracture. The most common type of femoral fracture has a closed wound (71%) and located in column of femur (46%). The most common cases of femoral fracture are occurred on male at the productive age due to traffic accident injury.
External Casing Corrosion Control
Authors: Sudbury J.D. , Landers J.E. , Shock D.A. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 204, 1955, pages 92–95.

Introduction
The external corrosion of casing is one of the most important problems facing the present day production man. A 1953 NACE report estimated the annual cost of casing corrosion at $2,200,000 in 22 fields studied. The fields represented only 10 per cent of the wells in the United States. It was significant that 77 per cent of the failures reported were due to external corrosion.
A variety of means for combatting the casing corrosion problem have been discussed in papers such as the NACE survey mentioned previously. No attempt to review these will be made in this paper. The scope of this paper has been limited to a discussion of the following major items:an instrument for studying external electrolytic corrosion;use of this instrument to determine the quantity of protective current required to prevent corrosion of casing; andproblem of accelerated external corrosion of the oil string at the base of the surface string.

Electrochemical Mechanism of Corrosion
It is generally believed that one major cause of external corrosion is the existence of electrolytic cells operating between various formation waters. A theoretical discussion of the role of earth potentials in casing corrosion has been presented by L. de Witte and F. J. Radd.
A brief picture of the electrolytic corrosion action between two different formations (A and B) is presented in Fig. 1. This picture is a review to many but is given to insure clarity. In the anode area, oxidation takes place as iron ions go into solution in formation A as a product of corrosion. In the cathode area, reduction takes place and hydrogen atoms are formed at the boundary between the pipe and formation B. The flow of electrons, as indicated, is into the pipe at the anode or corroding area and out of the pipe into the formation at the cathode. In order to conform with regulations of this journal, the flow of a conventional current (1) is also indicated in this sketch. All subsequent references will be to this so-called conventional current flow and will be indicated by the symbol (I). As this action takes place the layer of hydrogen developed on the cathode offers a resistance to the flow of current in the cell. It is said that the cathode has been polarized.
Development and Application of "Frac" Treatments in the Permian Basin
Authors: Hurst R.E. , Moore J.M. , Ramsey D.E. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 204, 1955, pages 58–65.

Abstract
The "frac" method of well stimulation has been applied successfully to all producing formations in the Permian Basin area. During the five years since its development, many changes and improvements have been made in treating materials, procedures, and equipment.
A number of fluid carrying agents, having different physical and chemical properties, have been developed to meet various well requirements. The current trend is toward larger gallonage treatments, employing higher injection rates. The use of "down-the-casing" techniques has greatly reduced high surface working pressures, attributable to friction losses resulting from injection through tubing.
Petrographic studies of various Permian Basin formations, coordinated with laboratory and well log data have been found a valuable guide in planning frac treatments. A knowledge of the extent and orientation of naturally occurring fractures and planes of weakness in the formation, aid in predicting the ultimate drainage pattern resulting from the frac treatment.

Introduction
The South Permian Basin covers an area in West Texas and New Mexico about one-half the size of the state of Texas. This vast region has been called the "Permian Basin" for so long that the term will be used here. It includes an area south of the Matador Arch, approximately 250 miles wide and 300 miles long. Structural features of importance within the basin are the Northwest Shelf, Eastern Platform, Midland Basin, Central Basin Platform, and Delaware Basin. The principal producing formations include sand, limestone and dolomite, with lesser amounts of shale, anhydrite, chert, and. various silicates.
All of the producing formations in the Permian Basin have responded to some type of frac treatment. Essentially, a frac treatment may be defined as the injection, into a formation, of a fluid carrying agent containing a particulated solid (usually sand), for the purpose of increasing production. The application of this method of well stimulation to many differing Permian Basin reservoirs has necessitated numerous changes and improvements in carrying agents, solids, service equipment, well equipment, and treating techniques.
Effects of Extensive Well Fracturing on a Waterflood Operation in the North Texas Strawn Sand
Authors: Roark Gene E. , Lindner J.D. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 204, 1955, pages 16–21.

Abstract
Waterflooding operations in the Langston-Kleiner field, Young County, Tex., are described. Widespread application of formation fracturing has been practiced in both producing and injection wells. Field performance data are cited which indicate that no detrimental effect on sweep efficiencies and that probable benefits in injectivity have resulted from the fracture treatments.

Introduction
This paper is a report on a waterflood operation which is being carried out in the Langston-Kleiner field located in Young County, Tex. The oil reservoir affected by this flood operation occurs in a Strawn sand member at an approximate depth of 3,550 ft subsurface. The operators of the project are Kleiner Estate, Turner, Fiske, and West who are hereinafter collectively referred to as the Operators. Although the operation is unusual in several respects, the distinctive feature of this flood has been the widespread application of hydraulic formation fracturing treatments as a means to improve productivity and injectivity of the wells. It shall be the purpose of this paper to present basic information regarding the reservoir characteristics, operating practices, and waterflood behavior so that conclusions may be drawn concerning the effects which the fracture treatments have had on the performance of this water flood to date.

Development
Development of the 3,550 ft Strawn sand reservoir occurred during 1951 and 1952. The early development occurred on the Langston and Davis leases which are in the northern region of the Operators' holdings and the wells were drilled on 20-acre proration units according to the field rules. However, studies of the economics of this program, coupled with the decision to proceed with pressure maintenance by water injection, resulted in the adoption of wider spacing in the later stages of development. This variation in spacing is apparent upon inspection of Fig. 1 upon which only the 3,550-ft Strawn sand producing and injection wells have been located on the Operators' properties. The development to the north of the Operators' leases is the Garvey Strawn field and that to the south is the Taylor Strawn field.
Radioactive Tracers in Oil Production Problems
Authors: Flagg A.H. , Myers J.P. , Campbell J.L.P. , Terry J.M. , Mardock E.S. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 204, 1955, pages 1–6.

Abstract
The development process for the use of radioactive tracers as a means of locating zones of permeability is discussed. The general techniques for the safe handling of radioactive materials is given as developed by the Lane-Wells Co. and Well Surveys, Inc. The problems and successes with tracers in waterflood systems, oil and gas injection profiles, fracture sand tracing, squeeze cement tracing, lost circulation, and cement top location are discussed and illustrated.

Introduction
The exact location of the permeable zones lying within the productive horizon has been a major problem faced by the petroleum engineer for decades, and it has been a problem which has seldom been solved with certainty. Reservoir engineers usually have to incorporate a question mark in their estimates of future reservoir performance because of blanks in the core data. Although the use of radioactivity or electrical logs for the estimation of porosity has been of great assistance in furnishing a record for the reservoir engineer, this application of logging data has not completely solved the problem. In short, the industry needs an in-situ well surveying method which can locate and estimate the permeability of the zones existing within a given pay section.
The initial development work with radioactive tracers has been towards filling the need for permeability information. Progress to date permits the location of permeable zones with a qualitative estimate of theirrelative importance with respect to permeability. The calibration of the method is still incomplete, but present development work on tracer preparations, borehole effect correction factors, and instrument limitations give a promise of quantitative "permeability profiles" in the near future.
The development work on the radioactive tracer method discussed here began several years ago in the laboratories of Well Surveys, Inc., in Tulsa.
Direct Calculation of Bottom-Hole Pressures in Natural Gas Wells
Authors: Sukkar Yusuf K. , Cornell David 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Vol. 204, 1955, pages 43–48.

Abstract
The fundamental differential equation for fluid flow has been rearranged, integrated numerically for natural gases, and the results presented in tabular and graphical form suitable for the direct calculation of vertical gas flow problems. The integration is rigorous except for the use of a constant average temperature. Both static and flowing bottom-hole pressures may be calculated by this method without resort to trial and error procedures.

Introduction
Bottom-hole pressures can be determined either by direct measurement with a bottom-hole pressure gauge or by calculation. Since measurement with a bottomhole pressure gauge is costly, calculation of bottom-hole pressures is to be preferred when possible. Calculation involves knowledge of the wellhead pressure, the properties of the gas, the depth of the well, the flow rate, the temperature of the gas, and the size of the flow line. These quantities must be combined in a suitable equation for vertical flow. Several equations have been developed for the purpose of calculating gas flow through both horizontal and vertical pipes. These equations all have the basic differential equation for flow as their starting point. They differ only in the assumptions which are made in order to simplify the integration step. The bottom-hole pressures calculated using any of the better known equations are in good agreement with bottom-hole pressures calculated by a more rigorous but considerably more tedious stepwise integration method. All of these methods, however, require a trial and error solution for the calculation of flowing bottom-hole pressures. The purpose of this paper is to present a method which provides a direct solution of static and flowing bottom-hole pressures without use of a trial and error solution. At the same time the method involves fewer simplifying assumptions than any of the previous methods used, except for the lengthy stepwise method.