bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vasodilator Therapy and Mortality in Nonocclusive Mesenteric Ischemia: A Nationwide Observational Study
Authors: Takiguchi Toru , Nakajima Mikio , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Sasabuchi Yusuke , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Kim Shiei , Yokota Hiroyuki , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: February 2020

Objectives:
Previous studies have suggested that vasodilator therapy may be beneficial for patients with nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia. However, robust evidence supporting this contention is lacking. We examined the hypothesis that vasodilator therapy may be effective in patients diagnosed with nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
The Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination inpatient database.

Patients:
A total of 1,837 patients with nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia from July 2010 to March 2018.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
We compared patients who received vasodilator therapy (vasodilator group; n = 161) and those who did not (control group; n = 1,676) using one-to-four propensity score matching. Vasodilator therapy was defined as papaverine and/or prostaglandin E1 administered via venous and/or arterial routes within 2 days of admission. Only patients who did not receive abdominal surgery within 2 days of admission were analyzed. The main outcomes were in-hospital mortality and abdominal surgery performed greater than or equal to 3 days after admission. After propensity score matching, in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the vasodilator group (risk difference, –11.6%; p = 0.005). The proportion of patients who received abdominal surgery at greater than or equal to 3 days after admission was also significantly lower in the vasodilator group (risk difference, –10.2%; p = 0.002).

Conclusions:
Vasodilator therapy with papaverine and/or prostaglandin E1 is associated with lower in-hospital mortality and prevalence of abdominal surgery in patients with nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia.
Increased cancer risk in male hunters compared to the general male population in Northern Sweden after the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident?
Authors: Tondel Martin , Nordquist Tobias , Isaksson Mats , Rääf Christopher , Wålinder Robert 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Male hunters in Swedish counties with high fallout of 137Cs after the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident have higher radiation exposure due to higher consumption of game compared with the general population.

Methods:
Cancer incidence in Sweden was studied in 9 counties with different 137Cs fallout after the Chernobyl NPP accident in 1986. In total, 9,267 cancer cases occurred in hunters and 138,909 cancer cases in non-hunters to 31 December 2015. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using unexposed hunters, or non-hunters, as reference to study internal radiation exposure or hunter life style, respectively.

Results:
Directly age standardized total cancer incidence showed an increasing trend in non-hunters. For hunters, the total cancer incidence was significantly lower up to 2001 when the total cancer incidence crossed over the weaker non-hunter trend and remained higher for the following 15 years. IRRs for total cancer in hunters versus non-hunters for each county did not show any clear exposure response pattern. IRRs for hunters versus non-hunters were higher regardless of rural/non-rural status with slightly higher risk estimates for the rural settings. The IRR for hunters was 1.06 (95% CI 1.04–1.08) 1986–2015, representing an excess of 531 cancer cases in hunters.

Conclusion:
An increased total incidence of cancer was identified for male hunters compared with male non-hunters. No obvious association between cancer and 137Cs from the Chernobyl NPP accident could be identified, although the exposure classification was too crude to exclude such an association.
Regenerative Effects and Development Patterns of Solid Neural Tissue Grafts Located in Gelatin Hydrogel Conduit for Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: Sukhinich Kirill K. , Dashinimaev Erdem B. , Vorotelyak Ekaterina A. , Aleksandrova Maria A. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The regeneration of the peripheral nerves after injuries is still a challenging fundamental and clinical problem. The cell therapy and nerve guide conduit construction are promising modern approaches. Nowadays, different sources of cells for transplantation are available. But it is little known about the interaction between fetal central nervous system cells and peripheral nerve tissue. In this study, we analyzed the development of the fetal neocortex and spinal cord solid grafts injected into the gelatin hydrogel conduits and their effects on sciatic nerve regeneration after cut injury.

Methods:
Frontal neocortex tissue was obtained from E19.5 and spinal cord tissue was obtained from E14.5 fetuses harvested from transgenic EGFP mice. The grafts were injected into the hydrogel conduits which were connected to the nerve stumps after cut injury. The recovery of motor function was estimated with walking track analysis at 2, 5, and 8 weeks after surgery. Then immunohistochemical study was performed.

Results:
The histological examination showed that only fetal neocortex solid graft cells had survived after implantation. Immunostaining revealed that some of the transplanted cells expressed neural markers such as neurofilament protein and NeuN. But the cells mostly differentiated in glial lineage, which was confirmed with immunostaining for GFAP and S100β. The walking-track analysis has shown that 8 weeks after surgery bioengineered conduit differed significantly from the control.

Conclusions:
We revealed that the hydrogel conduit is suitable for nerve re-growth and that the fetal neocortex grafted cells can survive and differentiate. Bioengineered conduit can stimulate functional recovery after the nerve injury.
PATIENT WITH UNILATERAL CHOROIDAL AND SEROUS RETINAL DETACHMENT WITH A HISTORY OF TREATED PROSTATE CANCER AND UNTREATED SARCOIDOSIS
Authors: Schönbach Etienne M. , Brodowska Katarzyna , Randhawa Jasmeen , Trichonas Georgios 
Published: February 2020

Background/Purpose:
To report a case of unilateral choroidal detachment and serous retinal detachment in a patient with a history of untreated sarcoidosis.

Methods:
Case report. The patient is a 67-year-old African American man with a history of nontreated sarcoidosis and prostate cancer. His prostate cancer was treated several years earlier with external beam radiation therapy. The patient presented with blurred visual acuity of 20/30 and floaters in the right eye. He was discovered to have several hypopigmented choroidal lesions, 360-degree choroidal detachment, and shallow serous retinal detachment in the right eye.

Results:
The patient was treated with subtenons kenalog and oral prednisone with subsequent improvement of vision and resolution of choroidal and retinal detachment.

Conclusion:
Ocular sarcoidosis can involve any part of the eye and its adnexal tissues and may cause uveitis, episcleritis, scleritis, eyelid abnormalities, conjunctival granuloma, optic neuropathy, lacrimal gland enlargement, and orbital inflammation. Most patients with ophthalmic sarcoidosis have evidence of systemic involvement at the time of the initial examination and have bilateral ocular presentation. We present here the unique case of a 67-year-old man with unilateral 360-degree choroidal detachment and serous retinal detachment as an ocular presentation of sarcoidosis.
Photorefractive intrastromal crosslinking for correction of hyperopia: 12-month results
Authors: Stodulka Pavel , Halasova Zuzana , Slovak Martin , Sramka Martin , Liska Karel , Polisensky Jaroslav 
Published: February 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy of epithelium-on photorefractive intrastromal crosslinking (PiXL), a noninvasive procedure to reduce refractive error in patients with low hyperopia.

Setting:
Gemini Eye Clinic, Zlin, Czech Republic.

Design:
Prospective single-center study.

Methods:
Twenty-two low hyperopic eyes were enrolled and underwent PiXL treatment according to a standardized treatment protocol. Visual acuity, subjective distance refraction, keratometry, topography, pachymetry, subjective discomfort, and endothelial cell density (ECD) were recorded during 12-month follow-up.

Results:
In 22 eyes, the median manifest refraction decreased significantly (P < .0001) from +0.75 diopters (D) (interquartile range [IQR], +0.63 to +1.06 D), median and IQR) diopters (D) preoperatively to +0.25 D (IQR, 0.0 to +0.50 D) at 12-month follow-up and remained stable. Seventy-seven percent of eyes achieved refraction within ± 0.50 D of emmetropia by 1 month postoperatively and was stable through 12-month follow-up. ECD was stable and did not show significant changes. There was low incidence of postoperative pain and dry eye.

Conclusions:
PiXL is a promising alternative to conventional laser refractive surgeries for low hyperopia. Further studies are warranted to optimize treatment parameters for a wider range of refractive errors and to evaluate the potential to improve precision.
Trauma-Informed Practices to Address Intersections Between HIV and Intimate Partner Violence Among Women: Perspective of Community Service Providers
Authors: Désilets Laura , Fernet Mylène , Otis Joanne , Cousineau Marie-Marthe , Massie Lyne , De Pokomandy Alexandra , Nengeh Mensah Maria 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The current study aimed to document intervention practices, challenges, and training needs concerning the intersections between HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV) among community service providers (n = 12). A direct content analysis using the Trauma-Informed Approach was performed. Results revealed that community service providers need to create a safe, trusting, and mutually collaborative environment in which the intersections between HIV and IPV trauma are recognized, screened, and discussed with women. These results also highlight the need to consolidate partnerships between HIV and IPV organizations to provide relevant services that consider traumatic experiences. Overall, these findings support the urgent need to develop, implement, and evaluate targeted community interventions that jointly address HIV and IPV.
Computed tomography–based skeletal segmentation for quantitative PET metrics of bone involvement in multiple myeloma
Authors: Takahashi Maria E.S. , Mosci Camila , Souza Edna M. , Brunetto Sérgio Q. , de Souza Cármino , Pericole Fernando V. , Lorand-Metze Irene , Ramos Celso D. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
Quantifications in nuclear medicine are occasionally limited by the lack of standardization for defining volumes of interest (VOIs) on functional images. In the present article, we propose the use of computed tomography (CT)–based skeletal segmentation to determine anatomically the VOI in order to calculate quantitative parameters of fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT images from patients with multiple myeloma.

Methods
We evaluated 101 whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CTs of 58 patients with multiple myeloma. An initial subjective visual analysis of the PET images was used to classify the bone involvement as negative/mild, moderate, or marked. Then, a fully automated CT–based segmentation of the skeleton was performed on PET images. The maximum, mean, and SD of the standardized uptake values (SUVmax, SUVmean, and SDSUV) were calculated for bone tissue and compared with the visual analysis.

Results
Forty-five (44.5%), 32 (31.7%), and 24 (23.8%) PET images were, respectively, classified as negative/mild, moderate, or marked bone involvement. All quantitative parameters were significantly related to the visual assessment of bone involvement. This association was stronger for the SUVmean [odds ratio (OR): 10.52 (95% confidence interval (CI), 5.68–19.48); P < 0.0001] and for the SDSUV [OR: 5.58 (95% CI, 3.31–9.42); P < 0.001) than for the SUVmax [OR: 1.01 (95% CI, 1.003–1.022); P = 0.003].

Conclusion
CT–based skeletal segmentation allows for automated and therefore reproducible calculation of PET quantitative parameters of bone involvement in patients with multiple myeloma. Using this method, the SUVmean and its respective SD correlated better with the visual analysis of 18F-FDG PET images than SUVmax. Its value in staging and evaluating therapy response needs to be evaluated.
Trends in Depressive Symptoms and Suicidality
Authors: Pontes Nancy M. H. , Ayres Cynthia G. , Pontes Manuel C. F. 
Published: February 2020

Background
Death by suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents globally. Healthy People 2020 set a goal to reduce by 10% the rate of suicide attempts that required treatment and designated the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) to measure this objective.

Objectives
This study used cross-sectional YRBS data (2009–2017) to (a) investigate whether gender moderates the linear time trend for the rate of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts among high school students within the United States; (b) estimate these same measures stratified by gender; and (c) investigate whether the Healthy People 2020 goal for reduction in suicide attempts was met in 2017 for males and females.

Methods
Secondary analysis of nationally representative high school students using YRBS data 2009–2017 were analyzed using R and the R survey package. Based on Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines (STROBE), additive interactions using rate difference were compared to multiplicative interactions using odds ratios.

Results
Additive interactions were identified between female gender and linear trends for depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts requiring treatment. Females, but not males, had positive linear trends for depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts requiring treatment. Suicide attempts requiring treatment among females was 36% higher in 2017 than in 2009 but decreased 13% in males during the same period.

Discussion
The Healthy People 2020 goal to reduce suicide attempts requiring treatment by 10% has not been met among females. The divergent trends by gender highlight the importance of surveillance measures by gender. Future research is needed to identify better suicide prevention strategies that address underlying factors and are gender specific.
Adherence to Life-Style Recommendations and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Population-Based Study of Children Aged 10 to 11 Years
Authors: Loewen Olivia K. , Maximova Katerina , Ekwaru John P. , Asbridge Mark , Ohinmaa Arto , Veugelers Paul J. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective
The incidence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children and youth is high, and temporal increases have been paralleled by deteriorating life-styles. Poor diet quality, physical inactivity, poor sleep habits, and sedentary behaviors have all been associated with ADHD. However, no earlier prospective study has examined the independent and combined importance of meeting established life-style recommendations in childhood for ADHD in adolescence. We examined the associations of adherence to life-style recommendations with the incidence of ADHD and the utilization of health services associated with ADHD.

Methods
Life-style survey among 10- and 11-year-old students (N = 3436) was linked to administrative health data. Associations between adherence to nine established life-style recommendations with ADHD diagnosis and number of physician visits for ADHD until age 14 years were examined using Cox proportional hazard and negative binomial regression.

Results
Before age 14 years, 10.8% of students received an ADHD diagnosis. Meeting recommendations for vegetables and fruit, meat and alternatives, saturated fat, added sugar, and physical activity was associated with fewer ADHD diagnoses. Compared with children who met one to three recommendations, meeting seven to nine recommendations was associated with substantially lower incidence of ADHD and fewer physician visits related to ADHD (hazard ratio = 0.42 [95% confidence interval = 0.28–0.61]; rate ratio = 0.38 [95% confidence interval = 0.22–0.65]).

Conclusions
Life-style recommendations exist to benefit development and physical health. Their promotion comes at no harm and may have benefits for ADHD. Experimental evidence is needed to clarify the potential bidirectional relationship between ADHD and adverse health behaviors.
Anxiety and Depression Symptom Comorbidity and the Risk of Heart Disease: A Prospective Community-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Deschênes Sonya S. , Burns Rachel J. , Schmitz Norbert 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective
The goal of this study was to examine the independent and joint associations between anxiety and depression symptoms with the risk of heart disease.

Methods
A total of 30,635 participants from the CARTaGENE community cohort study in Quebec who did not have heart diseases at baseline were included in the study. Baseline anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using validated questionnaires. Survey data were linked with diagnostic codes from a public insurance database to examine incident heart disease during a 7-year follow-up period. Cox regression analyses were conducted comparing groups with high anxiety only, high depression only, comorbid anxiety and depression, and no/low symptoms of both on the risk of heart disease. Additional analyses examined anxiety and depression using continuous questionnaire symptom scores, data-driven comorbidity groups, and diagnostic codes. Covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, diabetes, and hypertension.

Results
In the main analyses, we found that, although depression without anxiety symptoms was associated with an increased risk of heart disease (hazard ratio = 1.35, 95% confidence interval = 1.04–1.74), there was no significant association for anxiety without depression symptoms (hazard ratio = 1.00, 95% confidence interval = 0.71–1.41). High anxiety assessed with diagnostic codes or by examining latent classes was, however, associated with a higher risk of heart disease.

Conclusions
The association between anxiety and incident heart disease may be accounted for by comorbid depression, particularly when anxiety and depression symptoms are assessed using self-report questionnaires. Differing methods of assessment and analysis, and adjustment for comorbid depression may explain differences in findings across different studies on anxiety and the risk of heart disease.
Effect of Different Types of Messages on Readiness to Indicate Willingness to Register for Organ Donation During Driver’s License Renewal in Japan
Authors: Hirai Kei , Ohtake Fumio , Kudo Tadashi , Ito Takashi , Sasaki Shusaku , Yamazaki Goro , Eguchi Yuichiro 
Published: February 2020

Background.
In Japan, a recent opinion poll in 2017 showed that 41.9% of the respondents wished to donate their organs, but only 12.7% declared their intention to donate or not do so. Therefore, it is important to explore measures to prompt more individuals to register their intention about organ donation.

Methods.
A field experimental questionnaire survey was conducted to confirm the effect of a prompt message for registering intentions for organ donation, which was communicated at a driver’s license center. The study employed a prospective randomized control design. Seven thousand six hundred fifteen individuals visited the Tokyo Fuchu License Examination Center to update their driver’s license and received leaflets including a message prompting organ donation registration and the questionnaire. Of the participants who received leaflets, 3224 respondents provided complete responses to the questionnaire (valid response rate: 42.3%). Subsequently, a questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the participants’ willingness to register for organ donation. A control condition and the following types of messages were used: peer-framed, gain-framed, loss-framed, reciprocity-framed, and peer + reciprocity-framed.

Results.
The reciprocity message emerged as a significant predictor of increase in immediate decision response. The loss-framed message was a significant predictor of decrease in no intention to register.

Conclusions.
This study found that reciprocity and loss-framed messages promoted the readiness to register for organ donation among individuals from a Japanese urban area. Mandatory distribution of prompt messages at every driver’s license centers in Japan would be recommended.
Gamma frequency band shift of contralateral corticomuscular synchronous oscillations with force strength for hand movement tasks
Authors: Li Sujiao , Fan Mengxue , Yu Honggliu , Gao Lin 
Published: February 2020

Bilateral voluntary contractions involve functional changes in both primary motor cortices. However how the unilateral voluntary contraction of hand muscles influences the contralateral corticomuscular synchronous oscillations mechanisms remains unclear. In the bimanual tasks, nine healthy subjects were instructed to generate force by abducting their left-hand index finger against a force sensor and simultaneously the right-hand precise pinch task with visual feedback. They were divided into four conditions according to the two contraction force levels of the left-hand muscles 5% and 50% maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVC) and with/without visual feedback for the right hand. Corticomuscular synchronization of the right hand in the beta band was revealed when the subjects performed the bimanual exercise with 5% MVC of left-hand muscles, which is consistent with previous studies. As the contraction strength of the left-hand muscle increased to 50% MVC, the corticomuscular coherence (CMC) frequency of the right hand shifted to gamma band, and the CMC in beta band decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the electroencephalography→electromyography direction. This phenomenon suggests that the corticomuscular synchronous oscillation will shift from beta band to higher frequencies (principally gamma) as the contraction force of the contralateral hand increases, which may be due to the changes in the subject’s attention and more frequent synchronization of neuromuscular motor neurons oscillations. These findings will be helpful to explore the hand motion control and feedback mechanisms, and further provide a basis for the application of neuromuscular coupling in clinical rehabilitation evaluation.
Video abstract: http://links.lww.com/WNR/A571
TiFoSi: an Efficient Tool for Mechanobiology Simulations of Epithelia
Authors: Canela-Xandri Oriol , Anbari Samira , Buceta Javier 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAboutThis document is an extended version of the main text where some details and results are fleshed out. Further details can be also found in the manual of the code and atTiFoSi’s website:http://tifosi.thesimbiosys.com.MotivationEmerging phenomena in developmental biology and tissue engineering are the result of feedbacks between gene expression and cell biomechanics. In that context,in silicoexperiments are a powerful tool to understand fundamental mechanisms and to formulate and test hypotheses.ResultsHere we presentTiFoSi, a computational tool to simulate the cellular dynamics of planar epithelia.TiFoSiallows to model feedbacks between cellular mechanics and gene expression (either in a deterministic or a stochastic way), the interaction between different cell populations, the custom design of the cell cycle and cleavage properties, the protein number partitioning upon cell division, and the modeling of cell communication (juxtacrine and paracrine signalling).TiFoSifills a niche in the field of software solutions to simulate the mechanobiology of epithelia because of its functionalities, computational efficiency, and its user-friendly approach to designin silicoexperiments using XML configuration files.Availabilityhttp://tifosi.thesimbiosys.comContactjbuceta@lehigh.edu