bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Procedural injustice, police legitimacy, and officer gender: A vignette‐based test of the invariance thesis
Authors: Brown Katharine L. , Reisig Michael D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRole congruity theory suggests that gender‐based stereotypes can result in female police officers paying a higher price (i.e., viewed as less legitimate) relative to male officers for mistreating people. The invariance thesis posits that the effect of (un)fair treatment by legal authorities on legal attitudes and beliefs is stable across situations, time, and space. This study tested the invariance thesis by assessing whether the effect of procedural injustice on police legitimacy differed across officer gender. A factorial vignette survey that consisted of two types of citizen‐initiated police encounters was administered to a university‐based sample (N = 525). The results showed that the effect of procedural injustice had a powerful and significant influence on participants' legitimacy perceptions. These effects were consistent regardless of whether the treatment was doled out by a male or a female police officer. The findings provide support for the invariance thesis.
Organocatalyzed Solvent Free and Efficient Synthesis of 2,4,5‐Trisubstituted Imidazoles as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Pervaiz Sania , Mutahir Sadaf , Ullah Islam , Ashraf Muhammad , Liu Xiao , Tariq Sidrah , Zhou Bao‐Jing , Khan Muhammad Asim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe catalytic potential of pyridine‐2‐carboxlic acid has been evaluated for efficient, green and solvent free synthesis of 2,4,5‐trisubstituted imidazole derivatives 3a–3m. The compounds 3a–3m were synthesized by one pot condensation reaction of substituted aromatic aldehydes, benzil, and ammonium acetate in good to excellent yields (74–96 %). To explore the potential of these compounds against Alzheimer's disease, their inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were evaluated. In this series of compounds, compound 3m, bearing one ethoxy and a hydroxy group on the phenyl ring on 2,4,5‐trisubstituted imidazoles, proved to be a potent AChE inhibitor (102.56±0.14). Structure–activity relationship (SAR) of these compounds was developed. Molecular dockings were carried out for the compounds 3m, 3e, 3k, 3c, 3a, 3d, 3j, and 3f in order to further investigate the binding mechanism. The inhibitor molecule was molecularly docked with acetylcholinesterase to further study its binding mechanism. The amino group of the compound 3m forms an H‐bond with the oxygen atom of the residue (i. e., THR121) which has a bond length of 3.051 Å.
New Tricks for Old Guys: Recent Developments in the Chemistry, Biochemistry, Applications and Exploitation of Selected Species from the Lamiaceae Family
Authors: Napoli Edoardo , Siracusa Laura , Ruberto Giuseppe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLamiaceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants comprising about 250 genera and over 7,000 species. Most of the plants of this family are aromatic and therefore important source of essential oils. Lamiaceae are widely used as culinary herbs and reported as medicinal plants in several folk traditions. In the Mediterranean area oregano, sage, rosemary, thyme and lavender stand out for geographical diffusion and variety of uses. The aim of this review is to provide recent data dealing with the phytochemical and pharmacological studies, and the more recent applications of the essential oils and the non‐volatile phytocomplexes. This literature survey suggests how the deeper understanding of biomolecular processes in the health and food sectors as per as pest control bioremediation of cultural heritage, or interaction with human microbiome, fields, leads to the rediscovery and new potential applications of well‐known plants.
Outcomes and safety of concurrent coronary and peripheral catheterization (REVascularization in concomitant PERIpheral artery disease and coronary artery disease REV‐PERICAD Study)
Authors: Koren Ofir , Abu Rajab Saaida Rasha , Rozner Ehud , Turgeman Yoav 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtherosclerosis affects various vascular beds, such as the coronary and carotid arteries and peripheral vessels, of the lower limbs. Current recommendations for treating multiple vascular beds include targeted catheterization at different intervals and are mainly intended to avoid kidney injury. We examined the efficacy and safety of simultaneous coronary and lower limb catheterization.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 121 patients who underwent catheterization between January 2008 and December 2016. Patients were divided into four groups: 20 (16.5%) simultaneously underwent coronary and peripheral vascular bed catheterization; 32 (26%) underwent separate procedures (time interval between procedures >2 months); 50 (41%) underwent staged procedure (time interval ≤2 months); and 19 (16%) underwent only peripheral catheterization (single procedure).ResultsNo significant between‐group differences were observed regarding demographic variables except for sex and diabetes and congestive heart failure incidences. Almost half of all the patients who underwent a single procedure were symptomatic. The successful peripheral catheterization rate was significantly higher in the single procedure group, with no significant difference among the other groups. There were no significant between‐group differences with respect to major cardiovascular events, 30‐day mortality, mortality within 1 year, and 24‐hr vascular complication rate/acute renal failure incidences.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of concurrent catheterization of coronary arteries and lower limb arteries, regardless of the time interval between these two procedures. Simultaneous catheterization of different vascular beds is an effective, timesaving, and safe option. Our findings should be verified in a large‐scale prospective study involving additional vascular beds.
Hydroxychloroquine‐induced erythema multiforme
Authors: Koumaki Dimitra , Koumaki Vasiliki , Bertsias George , Boumpoucheropoulos Sotirios , Katoulis Alexander , Stefanidou Maria , Miaris Orestis , Evangelou George , Zografaki Kyriaki , Krueger‐Krasagakis Sabine Elke , Krasagakis Konstantinos 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHydroxychloroquine is a commonly used medication and rarely may result in development of erythema multiforme. This potential cutaneous side effect should be highlighted in information given to patients prior to hydroxychloroquine commencement.
Fracture of an epicardial left ventricular lead implanted at open‐heart surgery in anticipation of future need for cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Larsen Jacob Moesgaard , Bashir Jamil , Laksman Zachary William 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEpicardial left ventricular leads can be implanted at open‐heart surgery for cardiac resynchronization therapy. We report a 2‐year‐old fractured epicardial left ventricular lead detected at generator implant. It highlights the importance of good surgical implant technique and of rigorous lead evaluation for signs of impending failure at generator implant.
Morphology Evolution of Hcp Cobalt Nanoparticles Induced by Ru Promoter
Authors: Liu Lili , Qin Chuan , Yu Mengting , Wang Qiang , Wang Jungang , Hou Bo , Jia Litao , Li Debao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe modification of the equilibrium morphology to expose active facets of cobalt nanoparticles is essential for tailoring and controlling its catalytic performance. Periodic density functional theory (DFT) was applied to systematically investigate the structure and stability of exposed facets of hcp Co nanoparticles induced by Ru promoter in order to clarify the facet‐dependent equilibrium morphology of hcp Co nanoparticles stabilized by Ru promoter. The adsorption and migration of Ru atom can give rise to the change of the surface energy of exposed facets, thus affecting the equilibrium morphology of the hcp Co nanoparticles. Selectively exposed the high Miller index facets, such as Co(10‐12), Co(11‐20) and Co(11‐21) surfaces, can be tuned by adding Ru promoter. Our theoretical calculation results show that Co(11‐21) becomes the predominantly exposed facet accompanied with the decrease of exposed Co(10‐10) and Co(10‐11) with the increase of Ru loading. Further experimental studies suggest that the area of selectively exposed the Co(10‐11) surface for uniform Co nanoplates loaded with 3.0 wt % Ru will be reduced, which is in agreement with the theoretical predicted result. This work is helpful to design the desired Co‐based FTS catalysts rationally with well‐controlled surface structure.
Yolk‐Shell‐Structured CuO−ZnO−In2O3 Trimetallic Oxide Mesocrystal Microspheres as an Efficient Catalyst for Trichlorosilane Production
Authors: Li Xin , Ji Yongjun , Li Jing , Zhang Yu , Liu Hezhi , Li Qiongguang , Jia Lihua , Guo Xiangfeng , Zhong Ziyi , Su Fabing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTrichlorosilane (TCS), the primary chemical feedstock for production of high‐purity Si used in Si‐based solar cells, is currently manufactured industrially via a non‐catalytic hydrochlorination of metallurgical Si. This process generates a huge amount of undesirable silicon tetrachloride (STC) byproduct. Here we report the synthesis of yolk‐shell‐structured CuO−ZnO−In2O3 trimetallic oxide mesocrystal microspheres that can be employed as an efficient catalyst to produce TCS catalytically. The CuO−ZnO−In2O3 microspheres with multiple hetero‐interfaces were prepared using a facile solvothermal reaction followed by calcination. We found that differing from a single CuO mesocrystal, the electronic density on Cu atoms in the CuO phase within CuO−ZnO and CuO−ZnO−In2O3 can be tuned by varying the composition. When used as a catalyst for Si hydrochlorination reaction to produce TCS, CuO−ZnO−In2O3 shows excellent catalytic performance with very high Si conversion and TCS selectivity. Under the same reaction conditions, the TCS yield increased 13 times relative to the catalyst‐free process. This work demonstrates the possibility to decrease the amount of STC needed for the catalytic manufacture of TCS, and provides an approach to the facile synthesis of multi‐component mesocrystal materials with a specific structure.
Hydrogen Production from Catalytic Steam Reforming of Bio‐Oils: A Critical Review
Authors: Zhao Zhongkai , Situmorang Yohanes A. , An Ping , Chaihad Nichaboon , Wang Jing , Hao Xiaogang , Xu Guangwen , Abudula Abuliti , Guan Guoqing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the future, hydrogen will be an important energy carrier and industrial raw material. Catalytic steam reforming of bio‐oils is a promising and economically viable technology for hydrogen production. However, during the reforming process, the catalysts are rapidly deactivated due to coke formation and sintering. Thus, maintaining the activity and stability of catalysts is the key issue in this process. Optimized operation conditions could extend the catalyst lifetime by affecting the coke morphology or promoting coke gasification. This article summarizes the recent developments in the field of catalytic steam reforming of bio‐oils, focusing on the operation conditions, the properties of the catalysts, and the effects of the catalyst supports. The expected insights into the catalytic steam reforming of bio‐oils will provide further guidance for hydrogen production from bio‐oils.
Studying the Effect of CuCo2S4 Morphology on the Oxygen Evolution Reaction using a Flexible Carbon Cloth Substrate
Authors: Lu Minglong , Cui Xia , Song Bo , Ouyang Hongzhen , Wang Kunliang , Wang Yuqiao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe different morphologies of CuCo2S4 have a significant effect on the electrocatalytic activity. However, the reasons for the activity difference of catalysts with multiple morphologies have raised little concern. Herein, we put forward the concept of “active edge perimeter” to evaluate the relative number of active sites. The morphologies are regulated by arranging NH4F from 0 to 3 mmol to prepare microsheet, tight‐binding microsheet, hybrid microsheet/wire, long microwire and short wire morphologies. The long‐perimeter microsheets can achieve a low Tafel slope (89 mV dec−1) and overpotential (283 mV) to reach a current density of 20 mA cm−2 for the oxygen evolution reaction. For microsheets, the charge‐transfer resistance is well under 50 % of the average values. The electrochemical surface area is above average area, owing to the high double‐layer capacitance. Therefore, for two‐dimensional microsheets, the long active perimeter is the main reason it ensures the high activity required for hierarchical catalysts.
Molecular Engineering of Isomeric Benzofurocarbazole Donors for Photophysical Management of Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters
Authors: Jung Mina , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBenzofurocarbazole moieties are commonly used donor structures in the design of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. However, only 5 H‐benzofuro[3,2‐c]carbazole (34BFCz) has been reported and, to the best of our knowledge, no other benzofurocarbazole derivatives have been covered in the literature. In the present study, two further benzofurocarbazole moieties, 12 H‐benzofuro[3,2‐a]carbazole (12BFCz) and 7 H‐benzofuro[2,3‐b]carbazole (23BFCz), have been synthesized to investigate the effect of the donor structure on the photophysics and device parameters of TADF emitters. Two benzofurocarbazole‐derived TADF emitters, 12‐(2‐(4,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐12 H‐benzofuro[3,2‐a]carbazole (o12BFCzTrz) and 7‐(2‐(4,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐7 H‐benzofuro[2,3‐b]carbazole (o23BFCzTrz), have been compared with 5‐(2‐(4,6‐diphenyl‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐5 H‐benzofuro[3,2‐c]carbazole (oBFCzTrz). The benzofurocarbazole donor structure governs the TADF characteristics, such as charge‐transfer property and emission color. The 12BFCz donor has proved to be effective in blue‐shifting the emission color, and 34BFCz has proven useful for improving the external quantum efficiency (EQE). The 12BFCz‐derived o12BFCzTrz showed blue‐shifted color coordinates of (0.159, 0.288), compared to (0.178, 0388) for o23BFCzTrz and (0.169, 0.341) for oBFCzTrz. The 34BFCz‐derived oBFCzTrz exhibited an EQE of 22.9 %, compared to 19.2 % for o12BFCzTrz and 21.1 % for o23BFCzTrz.
Prognostic value of sleep apnea and nocturnal hypoxemia in patients with decompensated heart failure
Authors: Huang Yuhui , Wang Yunhong , Huang Yan , Zhai Mei , Zhou Qiong , Zhao Xuemei , Tian Pengchao , Ji Shiming , Zhang Chen , Zhang Yuhui , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundNocturnal hypoxemia is an important factor underlying the impact of sleep apnea on heart failure. It remains unclear whether nocturnal hypoxemia has a greater prognostic value in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) compared with the frequency of sleep apnea.HypothesisNocturnal hypoxemia might be better than the frequency of sleep apnea in predicting the outcomes in ADHF.MethodsSleep studies were prospectively performed during an ADHF hospitalization from January 2015 to December 2017. Sleep apnea was defined as the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) ≥15/h. The severity of nocturnal hypoxemia was determined by the percentage of time with saturation below 90% (T90%). The endpoint was the first event of all‐cause death, heart transplantation, implantation of left ventricular assist device, unplanned hospitalization for worsening heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, significant arrhythmias, or stroke.ResultsOf 382 patients, 189 (49.5%) had sleep apnea. The endpoint incidence did not differ between AHI categories (≥15/h vs <15/h: 52.4% vs 44.6%, log rank P = .353), but did between T90% categories (≥3.6% vs <3.6%: 54.5% vs 42.4%, log rank P = .023). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that T90% was independently associated with the endpoint (hazard ratio [HR] 1.008, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001‐1.016, P = .033), whereas AHI was not; the risk of the endpoint increased by 40.8% in patients with T90% ≥3.6% (HR 1.408, 95%CI 1.030‐1.925, P = .032).ConclusionNocturnal hypoxemia had a greater prognostic value in ADHF than the frequency of sleep apnea.
A phase 1 trial of everolimus and bevacizumab in children with recurrent solid tumors
Authors: Santana Victor M. , Sahr Natasha , Tatevossian Ruth G. , Jia Sujuan , Campagne Olivia , Sykes April , Stewart Clinton F. , Furman Wayne L. , McGregor Lisa M. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe prognosis for children with recurrent solid tumors generally is poor. Targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and vascular endothelial growth factor A with everolimus and bevacizumab, respectively, synergistically improves progression‐free survival and is well tolerated in adults with solid tumors.MethodsIn the current phase 1 study, a total of 15 children with recurrent or refractory solid tumors were treated with bevacizumab and everolimus to establish the maximum tolerated dose, toxicity, and preliminary antitumor response (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00756340). The authors also evaluated everolimus‐mediated inhibition of the mTOR pathway in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of treated patients.ResultsTumors predominantly were soft tissue and/or bone sarcomas (8 cases) and brain tumors (5 cases). The first 2 patients enrolled at dose level 1 (10 mg/kg of bevacizumab and 4 mg/m2 of everolimus) experienced dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs). The next 5 patients were enrolled at dose level 0 (8 mg/kg of bevacizumab and 4 mg/m2 of everolimus), and DLTs occurred in 2 patients. The authors then modified the protocol to permit expansion of dose 0, and 8 additional patients were added, with no DLTs reported. Of all the patients, stable disease occurred in 4 patients (30.8%; median, 2 courses), and progressive disease occurred in 9 patients (69.2%). Overall survival was 0.59 years (95% CI, 0.24‐1.05 years). The mTOR biomarker phospho‐4EBP1 Thr/37/46 significantly decreased from baseline to day 27 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P = .045). Phospho‐AKT levels also decreased from those at baseline.ConclusionsThe maximum tolerated dose of cotreatment with bevacizumab and everolimus was 8 mg/kg of bevacizumab and 4 mg/m2 of everolimus in a 4‐week cycle for children with recurrent solid tumors.
Design of a CMOS 65‐nm inductor‐less VCO for ISM applications in the VHF band
Authors: Gaoding Ningcheng , Bousquet Jean‐François 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThis paper presents a design of a CMOS cross‐coupled voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) using active inductors (AIs) for wide‐band applications and can also be applied to various wireless technologies standards. The compatibility of this design to different wireless standards highlights its potential to be implemented at the core of the communication front end in the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed AI design employs a gyrator‐C topology as the basic structure to generate an inductance. The VCO uses a cross‐coupled oscillator structure with a pair of varactors to sweep the frequency. Two extra capacitors, between the AIs and the outputs of the VCO core tank, are employed to enhance the performance of the phase noise and make the VCO work similarly to a linear transconductance (LiT) oscillator. Both the AIs and the VCO are designed in the TSMC 65‐nm CMOS technology, and the performance is analyzed using postsimulation results, as well as through measurements. The fundamental frequency spans from 140 to 463 MHz. Thus, the relative tuning range of this design is approximately 107%. The optimal phase noise of the design is around −97 dBc/Hz at 1‐MHz offset. Furthermore, it achieves an excellent figure of merit (FOM) around −163 dBc/Hz with a direct current (DC) power consumption less than 3 mW. The proposed design shows an advantage in phase noise and power consumption in comparison with previous active inductor VCO and ring VCO designs, respectively. The final layout occupies only 0.4 × 0.62 mm2 including the pads. The proposed AI‐VCO shows a compact size, linear tuning, low power consumption, and good phase noise performance.
Contemporary College Students’ Attitudes about Deception in Research
Authors: Lasser Jon , Ryser Gail , Borrego Dora , Ham Emma , Fierros Karla Reyes , Pruin Julia , Randolph Peyton 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTGiven the widespread use of deception in psychological experiments and the frequent recruitment of college students as participants, scholars have taken an interest in the ways college students assess the potential costs and benefits of deception studies. It stands to reason that the engagement of participants not as mere subjects, but rather as participant partners, demands at least an awareness of how such participants consider the moral dimensions of deception. To this end, the present study replicates a project conducted almost 25 years ago to determine whether today's college students think about deception in research any differently than their counterparts did in the early 1990s. This article reviews some of the literature on deception, describes the original study conducted, and presents the results of the replication study.
Plant diversity effect on water quality in wetlands: a meta‐analysis based on experimental systems
Authors: Brisson Jacques , Rodriguez Mariana , Martin Charles A. , Proulx Raphaël 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe ecological literature reports little empirical evidence from biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) experiments in wetland systems, even though wetlands are widely known for their water filtering capacity. Experiments comparing the effect of plant monocultures and mixtures on water quality to improve pollutant removal efficiency in treatment wetlands share the characteristics of classicalBEFexperiments, and so could provide insights for wetland management. To add to our understanding ofBEFrelationships in wetlands, we evaluated plant diversity effects on water purification through a meta‐analysis of freshwater experimental wetlands comparing monocultures to mixtures. We found 28 studies that matched our criteria forBEFanalysis, for a total of 561 diversity effects on pollutant removal. Overall, the meta‐analysis shows no significant effect of plant richness on removal of total suspended solids, but a positive effect on chemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen removal, and a marginal effect on phosphorus removal. Thus, the results of this meta‐analysis are consistent with reports of an overall positive biodiversity effect on ecosystem properties. An analysis of moderator variables shows that the experimental context (size of the experimental units, nutrient load, duration of the experiment) does not explain much of the residual variance. For pollutants that benefit from a positive plant richness effects on removal, mixtures do not perform better than the best monoculture. We found no evidence that plant richness effects are due to functional complementarity among species rather than to the presence of particularly efficient species. Complementarity effects may be less prevalent in highly productive, nutrient‐rich wetlands, compared to nutrient‐limited environments such as natural grasslands. Although findings must be confirmed by long‐term field experiments under natural conditions, result from experimental wetland systems may contribute to a better understanding of biodiversity effect on ecosystem functions in wetlands, in addition to guide practices in natural wetland restoration and the use of constructed wetlands for water treatment.