bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of intimate partner violence among married women in Uganda: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Gubi Derrick , Nansubuga Elizabeth , Wandera Stephen Ojiambo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In Uganda, just like in many sub-Saharan countries, studies on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) among married women are limited. The aim of this paper was to determine the correlates of emotional, sexual, physical IPV and any form of IPV among married women in Uganda.

Methods
The 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) data was used, and a weighted sample of 6879 married women were selected from the Domestic Violence module. Frequency distributions were used to describe the characteristics of respondents. Chi-square tests were used to establish the association between IPV and the explanatory variables. Binary logistic regressions were used to establish the factors that were associated with IPV among married women in Uganda.

Results
More than half (56%) of the married women experienced some form of IPV. Sexual IPV was the least prevalent (23%) and 4 in 10 women (41 and 40%) experienced physical and emotional IPV, respectively. Factors associated with all the different forms of IPV included, age, region, witnessing parental violence, partner’s controlling behaviors, duration of the relationship, and frequency of intoxication of the male partner.

Conclusion
IPV among Ugandan married women is far too common. This calls for collective efforts to reduce IPV in Uganda by addressing excessive alcohol consumption, controlling behaviors, and lack of awareness of the issue. Interventions aimed at preventing perpetration and tolerance of violence in the home settings should be promoted.
Physical inactivity, non-participation in sports and socioeconomic status: a large population-based study among Norwegian adolescents
Authors: Heradstveit Ove , Haugland Siren , Hysing Mari , Stormark Kjell Morten , Sivertsen Børge , Bøe Tormod 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Physical activity in adolescence is found to promote both immediate and long-term health, as well as school- and work performance. Previous studies suggest that parental socioeconomic status (SES) may influence the level of activity, although the results are inconsistent. The objective of this study was to examine the overall level of low physical activity/sports participation and the associations with parental SES and adolescent school program in a population-based study of older adolescents.

Methods
The youth@hordalandy study, a large population-based study in Hordaland county, Norway, conducted in 2012, included 10,257 adolescents aged 16–19 years (53% girls). Physical activity was examined by self-reported overall activity, and participation in organized team- and individual sports. Predictor variables were parental SES measured by youth self-reports of family economic well-being, parental education and work affiliation and self-reported current high school program (vocational versus general studies). Age, ethnicity, and family structure were included as covariates.

Results
Girls who reported lower parental education had small, but significant higher risk for physical inactivity and non-participation in individual sports compared with their counterparts who reported higher family education (RRs ranging from 1.04 to 1.12, p < 0.01). There were some, but inconsistent, evidence of an increased risk for physical inactivity and non-participation in sports among those (and particularly boys) with lower family economic well-being. Parental work status was largely unrelated with physical inactivity/non-participation in sports. Adolescents in vocational studies had a small but significantly increased risk of physical inactivity and non-participation in sports compared with individuals in general studies (RRs ranging from 1.03 to 1.05, all p < 0.05).

Conclusions
We found some evidence of a social gradient for lower physical inactivity and non-participation in sports for adolescents. Although effect sizes were small, vocational studies was the most robust correlate for physical inactivity/non-participation in sports among the SES-variables, while the corresponding associations with parental education and family economic well-being differed by gender.
Barriers and facilitators of patient centered care for immigrant and refugee women: a scoping review
Authors: Filler Tali , Jameel Bismah , Gagliardi Anna R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Migrants experience disparities in healthcare quality, in particular women migrants. Despite international calls to improve healthcare quality for migrants, little research has addressed this problem. Patient-centred care (PCC) is a proven approach for improving patient experiences and outcomes. This study reviewed published research on PCC for migrants.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review by searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library for English-language qualitative or quantitative studies published from 2010 to June 2019 for studies that assessed PCC for adult immigrants or refugees. We tabulated study characteristics and findings, and mapped findings to a 6-domain PCC framework.

Results
We identified 581 unique studies, excluded 538 titles/abstracts, and included 16 of 43 full-text articles reviewed. Most (87.5%) studies were qualitative involving a median of 22 participants (range 10–60). Eight (50.0%) studies involved clinicians only, 6 (37.5%) patients only, and 2 (12.5%) both patients and clinicians. Studies pertained to migrants from 19 countries of origin. No studies evaluated strategies or interventions aimed at either migrants or clinicians to improve PCC. Eleven (68.8%) studies reported barriers of PCC at the patient (i.e. language), clinician (i.e. lack of training) and organization/system level (i.e. lack of interpreters). Ten (62.5%) studies reported facilitators, largely at the clinician level (i.e. establish rapport, take extra time to communicate). Five (31.3%) studies focused on women, thus we identified few barriers (i.e. clinicians dismissed their concerns) and facilitators (i.e. women clinicians) specific to PCC for migrant women. Mapping of facilitators to the PCC framework revealed that most pertained to 2 domains: fostering a healing relationship and exchanging information. Few facilitators mapped to the remaining 4 domains: address emotions/concerns, manage uncertainty, make decisions, and enable self-management.

Conclusions
While few studies were included, they revealed numerous barriers of PCC at the patient, clinician and organization/system level for immigrants and refugees from a wide range of countries of origin. The few facilitators identified pertained largely to 2 PCC domains, thereby identifying gaps in knowledge of how to achieve PCC in 4 domains, and an overall paucity of knowledge on how to achieve PCC for migrant women.
The association between cystatin C and COPD: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Chai Limin , Feng Wei , Zhai Cui , Shi Wenhua , Wang Jian , Yan Xin , Wang Qingting , Zhang Qianqian , Li Manxiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In recent years, many studies have discovered that cystatin C (Cys C) may play an important role in respiratory diseases, especially in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the findings of these studies were inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between serum Cys C and COPD.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang databases, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The standardized mean difference (SMD), Fisher’s Z-value and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to investigate the effect sizes. Subgroup analyses were performed on disease status, ethnicity, assay method, and study design. Sensitivity was performed, and publication bias was assessed.

Results
A total of 15 studies, including 4079 COPD patients and 5949 controls, were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that serum Cys C levels in patients with COPD were significantly higher than those in controls (SMD = 0.99, 95% CI =0.62–1.37, P < 0.001), especially in AECOPD (SMD = 1.59, 95% CI =1.05–2.13, P < 0.001), and there were statistically different among AECOPD and SCOPD (SMD = 0.35, 95% CI =0.10–0.59, P = 0.005). The serum Cys C levels were negatively correlated with FEV1%pre (Z = − 0.45, 95%CI = -0.58--0.32, P = 0.011) and FEV1/FVC (Z = − 0.32, 95%CI = -0.50--0.14, P = 0.006). The serum Cys C levels were independent of ethnicity, assay method, and study design.

Conclusion
Serum Cys C levels were associated with COPD and COPD exacerbation, and they were inversely correlated with FEV1%pre and FEV1/FVC.
Evaluation of Judet view radiographs accuracy in classification of acetabular fractures compared with three-dimensional computerized tomographic scan: a retrospective study
Authors: Tazeabadi Sepideh Abdi , Noroozi Shima Ghafourian , Salehzadeh Meysam , Bahardoust Mansour , Farahini Hossein , Hajializade Mikaiel , Yeganeh Ali 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In the current diagnostic procedure, generally, both plain radiographs and 3D-CT scans are used for the diagnosis of acetabular fractures. There is no consensus regarding the value of a three-dimensional computerized tomographic (3D-CT) scan alone in the classification of acetabular fractures. In this study, we compared the accuracy of 3D-CT scan and plain radiography through the evaluation of their agreement with the intraoperative surgeon’s classification.

Method
In a retrospective study, patients who were referred to our center with an acetabular fracture and underwent surgical treatment were included. The classification of acetabular fractures was performed once using Judet view plain radiographs and once using a 3D-CT scan by the corresponding one Experienced musculoskeletal radiologist one independent trauma fellowship-trained orthopaedic who routinely treat acetabular fractures and based on Letournel and Judet classification (17 and 23 years of experience respectively). Cohen’s kappa value was used for the assessment agreement between the two imaging modalities, as well as between the imaging modalities and intraoperative classification.

Results
Medical files of 152 patients with acetabular fracture were retrospectively reviewed. A kappa value of 0.236 was obtained as the agreement level between radiographs and intraoperative findings (p < 0.001). A kappa value of 0.943 was obtained as the agreement level between 3D-CT and intraoperative classification (p < 0.001). An agreement level of 0.264 was found between the Judet radiographs and 3D-CT scans (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
3D-CT scans are reliable enough in the classification of acetabular fractures, and plain radiographs could be omitted to avoid radiation exposure as well as to reduce the cost for patients who sustain acetabular fractures.
Guideline-adherence in the treatment of symptomatic urolithiasis in children and adolescents in southwestern Germany
Authors: Blasl-Kling Felix , Dold Simone Katrin , Klein Jan-Thorsten , Wakileh Gamal Anton , Humke Ulrich , Ebert Anne-Karoline 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Approximately 1% of urolithiasis cases in Germany affect children. Interdisciplinary groups have agreed on national and international guidelines for children to recommend appropriate treatment pathways. The aim of this retrospective and preliminary study is to analyze whether adherence to current guidelines for pediatric stone disease in southwestern Germany is feasible.

Methods
During 2014 to 2017 24 children and adolescents (nine female, 15 male, median age 9.7 years), were treated for symptomatic urolithiasis in our institutions. We retrospectively collected clinical and operative courses. Clinical pathways were compared to previous guideline recommendations of the EAU 2014 and the German S2k guideline 2015.

Results
17 of the 24 patients were treated according to guideline recommendations (71%). Non-adherency was based on parental decisions in two and technical/medical considerations in five cases. In 11 children (45.8%) secondary or adjunctive treatments were necessary, in three of the seven non-adherently treated (43%) and in eight of the 17 adherently treated children (47%).

Conclusion
Our daily treatment approach seems to comply well with current pediatric stone guidelines. Nevertheless, guideline-non-adherent decision making emphasizes their strength and limitations, as specific clinical situations in children may require an individual treatment plan, as non-predictable conditions may occur.
Promoting positive perceptions of and motivation for research among undergraduate medical students to stimulate future research involvement: a grounded theory study
Authors: Ommering Belinda W. C. , Wijnen-Meijer Marjo , Dolmans Diana H. J. M. , Dekker Friedo W. , van Blankenstein Floris M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Research is of great value to make advancements within the medical field and, ultimately, offer the best possible patient care. Physician-scientists are key in contributing to the development of medicine, as they can bridge the gap between research and practice. However, medicine currently faces a physician-scientist shortage. A possible solution to cultivate physician-scientists is to engage medical students in research in early phases of medical school. Evidence-based strategies to stimulate positive perceptions of and motivation for research among students could help to enhance research engagement. Consequently, understanding of students’ perceptions of and motivation for research is needed. Therefore, this study aimed to identify conditions under which students develop positive perceptions of and motivation for research by answering the following sub-questions: 1) how do first-year medical students perceive research? and 2) which factors contribute to motivation or demotivation for conducting research?

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study with individual interviews using a grounded theory approach, involving 13 purposively sampled first-year medical students at Leiden University Medical Center.

Results
Our results suggest that first-year students are already able to identify many aspects of research. Students elaborated on the relevance of research for professional practice and personal development. Furthermore, our results suggest a relationship between perceptions of and motivation for research. Some perceptions were identical to motivating or demotivating factors to conduct research, like the relevance of research for practice and performing statistics respectively. Other motivating factors were, among others, acknowledgment, autonomy, and inspiring role models. Demotivating factors were, among others, lack of autonomy and relevance, and inadequate collaboration.

Conclusions
Our results contribute to the idea that perceptions of research are related to motivation for research, which offers possibilities for interventions to promote motivation for research by making use of student perceptions of research. Consequently, practical implications to stimulate research engagement in early phases of medical school are provided. Moreover, the results contribute to existing motivational theories like Theory of Planned Behavior and Self-Determination Theory within this specific domain.
Supporting Australian clinical learners in a collaborative clusters education model: a mixed methods study
Authors: van de Mortel Thea F. , Armit Lyn , Shanahan Brenton , Needham Judith , Brown Candy , Grafton Eileen , Havell Michelle , Henderson Amanda , Grealish Laurie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Nursing student numbers have risen in response to projected registered nurse shortfalls, increasing numbers of new graduates requiring transitional support and pressure on clinical placements. A Collaborative Clusters Education Model, in which Entry to Practice facilitators coach ward-based registered nurses to support students’ and new graduates’ learning, may address placement capacity. The research aim was to evaluate the acceptability of the Collaborative Clusters Education Model to stakeholders by examining their perceptions of the facilitators and barriers to the model in its implementation.

Methods
A convergent mixed methods evaluation approach was adopted. The study took place in a large Australian health service in south-east Queensland. Participants included Bachelor of Nursing students, Entry to Practice facilitators, ward-based registered nurses, academics and new graduates. A mixed methods design was used. Elements included an online survey of nursing students, and interviews with new graduates, Entry to Practice facilitators, ward-based registered nurses, and academics. Descriptive statistics were calculated on quantitative data. Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data.

Results
Participants included 134 (of 990) nursing students (response rate 13.5%), five new graduates, seven Entry to Practice facilitators, four registered nurses, and three nurse academics. Students rated facilitators’ effectiveness highly (4.43/5 ± 0.75), although this finding is tempered by a low response rate (13.5%). For learners, the model provided access to learning experiences, although preferences for sources of support differed between students and new graduates, and further clarification of responsibilities was required. For other stakeholders, three themes emerged: students’ and new graduates’ integration into the workplace can promote learning; tensions arise in new ways to approach performance assessment; and aligning expectations requires high levels of communication.

Conclusions
This evaluation found that acceptability was good but at risk from limited clarity around roles and responsibilities. Further research into this model is recommended.
The Greek versions of the TeamSTEPPS teamwork perceptions questionnaire and Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire “short form”
Authors: Lakatamitou Ioanna , Lambrinou Ekaterini , Kyriakou Martha , Paikousis Lefkios , Middleton Nicos 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Teamwork and job satisfaction are important among the multidisciplinary team who care patients with chronic illnesses such as heart failure (HF) patients. TeamSTEPPS teamwork perceptions questionnaire (T-TPQ) and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire “short form” (MSQ-short) are both self-report questionnaires which examine multiple dimensions of perceptions of teamwork and job satisfaction within healthcare settings, respectively. The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Greek versions of the TeamSTEPPS Teamwork perceptions questionnaire (Gr-T-TPQ) and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire “short form” (Gr-MSQ-short).

Methods
A methodological study was contacted in order to assess the construct validity and reliability of the Gr-T-TPQ and Gr-MSQ-short. For that reason, 292 questionnaires were administrated to Greek-Cypriot health care professionals (HCPs). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted for the data collected with the GrT-TPQ and Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and CFA were also conducted for the data collected with the GrMSQ-short questionnaire. Cronbach’s a was calculated as well.

Results
CFA of the data collected with Gr-T-TPQ confirmed the initial scale structure with excellent fit indices (× 2 (df) 1124.75 (550), p < 0.0001, AGFI = 0.986, TLI = 0.994, CFI = 0.994, RMSEA = 0.06, 90%, C.I.[0.055–0.065]). Furthermore, all dimensions were found to be correlated (r = 0.65 to r = 0.88) and internal consistency was found adequate (Cronbach’s α = 0.96). Subscales also, demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.87–0.95). CFA for the data collected with Gr-MSQ-short, did not confirm the initial scale’s dimensions. In EFA items 1, 5, 6, 12 and 18 were eliminated from the analysis due to low communalities and multiple components loading. The oblimin rotation with two factors was explaining 58% of the variance. These two factors identified were Supervisor/Autonomy and Task Enrichment.

Conclusions
In general, the Gr-T-TPQ and Gr-MSQ-short are construct-valid instruments for measuring perceptions of teamwork and job satisfaction in Greek speaking HCPs’ population.
A genome-wide survey of copy number variations reveals an asymmetric evolution of duplicated genes in rice
Authors: Zhao Fengli , Wang Yuexing , Zheng Jianshu , Wen Yanling , Qu Minghao , Kang Shujing , Wu Shigang , Deng Xiaojuan , Hong Kai , Li Sanfeng , Qin Xing , Wu Zhichao , Wang Xiaobo , Ai Cheng , Li Alun , Zeng Longjun , Hu Jiang , Zeng Dali , Shang Lianguang , Wang Quan , Qian Qian , Ruan Jue , Xiong Guosheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCopy number variations (CNVs) are an important type of structural variations in the genome that usually affect gene expression levels by gene dosage effect. Understanding CNVs as part of genome evolution may provide insights into the genetic basis of important agricultural traits and contribute to the crop breeding in the future. While available methods to detect CNVs utilizing next-generation sequencing technology have helped shed light on prevalence and effects of CNVs, the complexity of crop genomes poses a major challenge and requires development of additional tools.ResultsHere, we generated genomic and transcriptomic data of 93 rice (Oryza sativaL.) accessions and developed a comprehensive pipeline to call CNVs in this large-scale dataset. We analyzed the correlation between CNVs and gene expression levels and found that approximately 13% of the identified genes showed a significant correlation between their expression levels and copy numbers. Further analysis showed that about 36% of duplicate pairs were involved in pseudogenetic events while only 5% of them showed functional differentiation. Moreover, the offspring copy mainly contributed to the expression levels and seemed more likely to become a pseudogene, whereas the parent copy tended to maintain the function of ancestral gene.ConclusionWe provide a high-accuracy CNV dataset that will contribute to functional genomics studies and molecular breeding in rice. We also showed that gene dosage effect of CNVs in rice is not exponential or linear. Our work demonstrates that the evolution of duplicated genes is asymmetric in both expression levels and gene fates, shedding a new insight into the evolution of duplicated genes.