bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining Critical Weeding Period in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Under Rain Fed Condition in Western Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Teame Goitom , Gebregergs Gebremedhin , Gebremedhin Zerabruk , Gramy Darge 
Published: January 2020

Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) belongs to the order of Fabales, Faboideae sub family and Fabaceae or Leguminosae family. The field experiment was carried out in 2014-2016 main growing seasons at Humera and Kebabo with the aim of determining critical weeding period. The experiment was conducted in RCBD design replicated three times and consists of 15 treatments. The crop was kept weed-free for the first 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after sowing and then remained weedy till harvest or kept weedy for the same periods and then remained weed- free till harvest. Weed free and weedy treatments till harvest were included as controls for comparison. Mungbean variety of Arkeb was sown at a distance of plant to plant 5 cm and row to row 40 cm and the plot area was 10 m2. The combine analysis of three winter seasons revealed that unrestricted weed growth significantly reduce yield of mungbean by 52% compared to completely weed free. Mungbean seed yield increased when the duration of weed infestation period decreased. Yield components such as number of pods per plant didn’t show significant difference, while number of seeds per pod and 100 seed weight shown significant difference. The critical weeding period for mungbean was 10-20 and 30-40 days after sowing.
The Effect of Aqueous Extract of Artemisia aucheri Seed on Acanthamoeba In vitro
Authors: Pazoki Ramin , Raeeni Mansooreh Ghasemi Nejad , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh , Saryazdi Amir Karimipour , Bineshian Farahnaz 
Published: January 2020

Aim: Acanthamoeba cause dangerous diseases in humans such as encephalitis and keratitis as an opportunistic pathogen. Due to the antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-Acanthamoeba and anti-leishmania activities of Artemisia, the aim of this study is investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Artemisia aucheri seed on Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts in vitro.
Materials and Methods: Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts were propagated in appropriate culture medium. Aqueous extract of Artemisia aucheri were prepared at concentrations of 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 125 and 62.5 μg/ml and were added to both protozoa forms (trophozoites and cysts). Then, three techniques including trypan blue, MTT and flowcytometry were used to investigate the effect of this extract on Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts.
Results: It was found that increasing the time and concentration of aqueous extract of Artemisia aucheri seed significantly reduced the number of live Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts (P ≤0.05). At the concentration of 2000 µg/ml the number of live trophozoites was 0% and at the concentration of 62.5 µg/ml the number of live trophozoites was 57.7%.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the aqueous extract of Artemisia aucheri has anti-acanthamoeba activity and seems to have beneficial pharmacological effects on some diseases and complications caused by Acanthamoeba. Further research is needed to determine this issue.
NF‐kB signaling in cardiomyocytes is inhibited by sevoflurane and promoted by propofol
Authors: Oda‐Kawashima Keiko , Sedukhina Anna S. , Okamoto Naoki , lytvyn Mariya , Minagawa Kimino , Iwata Teppei , Kumai Toshio , Sato Eri , Inada Eiichi , Yamaura Ayako , Sakamoto Miki , Roche‐Molina Marta , Bernal Juan A. , Sato Ko 
Published: January 2020

Both inhalational and intravenous anesthetics affect myocardial remodeling, but the precise effect of each anesthetic on molecular signaling in myocardial remodeling is unknown. Here, we performed in silico analysis to investigate signaling alterations in cardiomyocytes induced by inhalational [sevoflurane (Sevo)] and intravenous [propofol (Prop)] anesthetics. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐kB) signaling was inhibited by Sevo and promoted by Prop. Moreover, nuclear accumulation of p65 and transcription of NF‐kB‐regulated genes were suppressed in Sevo‐administered mice, suggesting that Sevo inhibits the NF‐kB signaling pathway. Our data demonstrate that NF‐kB signaling is inhibited by Sevo and promoted by Prop. As NF‐kB signaling plays an important role in myocardial remodeling, our results suggest that anesthetics may affect myocardial remodeling through NF‐kB.
PVDF‐based composites containing PZT particles: How processing affects the final properties
Authors: Brunengo Elisabetta , Castellano Maila , Conzatti Lucia , Canu Giovanna , Buscaglia Vincenzo , Stagnaro Paola 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTPoly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)‐based composites containing up to 30 vol % of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) particles were prepared by: (a) different techniques, melt blending and solvent casting; and (b) different molding procedures, a single‐step and a two‐step hot‐pressing method. The obtained samples were characterized in order to study how the processing affects their final properties. Results indicate that the different molding processes have a strong effect on polymorphism and molecular relaxations of PVDF as well as on dielectric response of the composite materials, that results enhanced by the two‐step molding. The preparation technique influences the filler dispersion and, consequently, the elastic modulus of the composites, but without remarkably impacting on other properties. This suggests the possibility of preparing performing composites by a solvent‐free and easily scalable technique (i.e., melt blending) and obtaining suitable dielectric characteristics, very important for application of such kind of materials, just by tuning the molding conditions. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48871.
Hippocampal Neuroimaging‐Informed Clinical Trial Enrichment Tool for Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Using Open Data
Authors: Conrado Daniela J. , Burton Jackson , Hill Derek , Willis Brian , Sinha Vikram , Stone Julie , Coello Neva , Wang Wenping , Chen Danny , Nicholas Timothy , Gold Michael , Hartley Emily , Kern Volker D. , Romero Klaus 
Published: January 2020

Our goal was to assess the enrichment utility of hippocampal volume (HV) as an enrichment biomarker in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) clinical trials, and, hence, develop an HV neuroimaging‐informed clinical trial enrichment tool. Modeling of integrated longitudinal patient‐level data came from open‐access natural history studies in patients diagnosed with aMCI—the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)‐1 and ADNI‐2—and indicated that a decrease of 1 cm3 with respect to the analysis dataset median baseline intracranial volume‐adjusted HV (ICV‐HV; ~ 5 cm3) is associated with > 50% increase in disease progression rate as measured by the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale–Sum of Boxes. Clinical trial simulations showed that the inclusion of aMCI subjects with baseline ICV‐HV below the 84th or 50th percentile allowed an approximate reduction in trial size of at least 26% and 55%, respectively. This clinical trial enrichment tool can help design more efficient and informative clinical trials.
Establishing the need for a low‐cost Canadian debt relief procedure
Authors: Schwartz Saul , Ben‐Ishai Stephanie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCanada does not have a low‐cost bankruptcy option for debtors with low incomes and low assets. In this article, we present empirical evidence of the need for such an option by estimating the number of debtors who might benefit from it. We then review the successful low‐cost bankruptcy options in operation in New Zealand and in the United Kingdom and recommend that Canada adopt a similar system.
Rituximab utilization for approved and off‐label nononcology indications and patients’ experiences with the Patient Alert Card
Authors: Sarsour Khaled , Beckley‐Kartey Senam , Melega Simone , Odueyungbo Adefowope , Kirchner Petra , Khalife Natasha , Bangs Joanne 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study used retrospective chart review and survey data to evaluate: (1) off‐label use of rituximab (MabThera®/Rituxan®) in autoimmune conditions and (2) patients’ receipt and knowledge of the Patient Alert Card (PAC), a risk minimization measure for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and serious infections. Anonymized patient data were collected from infusion centers in Europe from December 2015 to July 2017. Adults receiving rituximab in the same centers were provided a self‐administered survey. Outcomes included patterns of off‐label rituximab use for nononcology indications, and evaluation of patients’ receipt and knowledge of the PAC and its impact. Of 1012 patients in the retrospective chart review, 70.2% received rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis or granulomatosis with polyangiitis/microscopic polyangiitis, and 29.8% received rituximab off label. Among 524 survey participants, 32.8% reported receiving the PAC, 59.3% reported not receiving the PAC and 7.9% did not know whether they received the PAC. A total of 72.4% of patients reported that they were unaware that some patients receiving rituximab experience PML. A higher proportion of PAC recipients identified PML as a potential risk of rituximab than nonrecipients (37.8% vs 19.9%); 58.3% of PAC recipients had poor awareness of PML. Most PAC recipients (90.0%) and nonrecipients (85.5%) correctly answered that they should seek medical attention for infection symptoms. In conclusion, approximately 30% of patients received off‐label rituximab. Most patients reported not receiving the PAC or having knowledge of PML but demonstrated understanding of the recommended action in the event of infection symptoms, regardless of PAC receipt.
Filter bank‐based multiple access in next‐generation satellite uplinks: A DVB‐RCS2‐based experimental study
Authors: Dalakas Vassilis , Kofidis Eleftherios 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn the context of the on‐going evolution of satellite communications (SatCom) systems to their next generation, and in the direction of their integration with fifth generation (5G) terrestrial networks, it is of interest to study in depth the applicability in realistic SatCom of waveforms that have shown promise to meet the 5G requirements. This paper presents a comparative study, based on total degradation (TD) over a range of output back‐off (OBO) values, on out‐of‐band emission and spectral efficiency, of frequency division multiple access (FDMA) schemes employing offset quadrature amplitude modulation‐based filter bank multi‐carrier (FBMC /OQAM), classical orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), and their single‐carrier counterparts to illustrate the potential gains from the integration of the FBMC waveforms in the satellite context and standards. The air interface simulated follows the digital video broadcasting (DVB) family of standards for the satellite uplink, considering both time and frequency synchronization impairments and two typical input constellations. Our results confirm the superiority of the single‐carrier (SC) schemes in such a nonlinear environment. The SC‐FBMC waveform is shown to be the most practical candidate since it is shown to attain a TD performance similar to that of SC‐OFDM at absolutely no cost in spectral efficiency.
Enhanced removal of cationic dye by eco-friendly activated biochar derived from rice straw
Authors: Abd-Elhamid A. I. , Emran Mohamed , El-Sadek M. H. , El-Shanshory Ahmed A. , Soliman Hesham M. A. , Akl M. A. , Rashad Mohamed 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis report deals with converting the agriculture waste (rice straw) to environmental cleaner materials (biochar) using airless pyrolysis followed by eco-friendly activation. The biochar (p-Biochar) obtained after pyrolysis step (poorly active material) was activated using wet attrition method to give m-Biochar (highly active materials). The both p-Biochar and m-Biochar were characterized in detail and utilized for MB and CV dye removal from aqueous solution. Various parameters affecting the adsorption process such as dye concentration, adsorbent dose, contact time, temperature, NaCl dose and pH were investigated. The adsorption isotherm was well fitted using Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacity is 90.91 and 44.64 mg/g, for MB and CV dyes, respectively. The contact time data obtained showed that the two dyes were poorly adsorbed over p-Biochar. The equilibrium was reached quickly in 15 min for MB dye and 20 min for CV dye using the m-Biochar, and removal percent was 94.45 and 92.70% for MB and CV dyes, respectively. Moreover, the kinetic isotherm presented very well fitted by pseudo-second-order model. In addition, the adsorption percent increases with further increasing the pH value. Finally, we observed that m-Biochar highly adsorbs the MB dye compared with the CV dye over all experimental conditions.
Family Member Search Algorithms for Peridynamic Analysis
Authors: Vazic Bozo , Diyaroglu Cagan , Oterkus Erkan , Oterkus Selda 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPeridynamic equation of motion is usually solved numerically by using meshless approaches. Family search process is one of the most time-consuming parts of a peridynamic analysis. Especially for problems which require continuous update of family members inside the horizon of a material point, the time spent to search for family members becomes crucial. Hence, efficient algorithms are required to reduce the computational time. In this study, various family member search algorithms suitable for peridynamic simulations are presented including brute-force search, region partitioning, and tree data structures. By considering problem cases for different number of material points, computational time between different algorithms is compared and the most efficient algorithm is determined.
The subjective experience of recollection and familiarity in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kapogiannis Dimitrios , El Haj Mohamad 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Although the integrative memory model proposed by Bastin et al. is interesting, particularly for Alzheimer's disease, it may benefit from incorporating the subjective experience of recollection. We therefore offer complementary lines of interpretation to explain how recollection and familiarity in Alzheimer's disease can be dissociated based not only on accounts of their neural correlates but, critically, on the subjective experience of memory in patients.
How do memory modules differentially contribute to familiarity and recollection?
Authors: Hakobyan Olya , Cheng Sen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe fully support dissociating the subjective experience from the memory contents in recognition memory, as Bastin et al. posit in the target article. However, having two generic memory modules with qualitatively different functions is not mandatory and is in fact inconsistent with experimental evidence. We propose that quantitative differences in the properties of the memory modules can account for the apparent dissociation of recollection and familiarity along anatomical lines.
Cognitive control constrains memory attributions
Authors: Kelley Colleen M. , Jacoby Larry L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Cognitive control constrains retrieval processing and so restricts what comes to mind as input to the attribution system. We review evidence that older adults, patients with Alzheimer's disease, and people with traumatic brain injury exert less cognitive control during retrieval, and so are susceptible to memory misattributions in the form of dramatic levels of false remembering.
Understanding misidentification syndromes using the integrative memory model
Authors: Patchitt Joel , Shergill Sukhi S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Misidentification syndromes occur commonly in neuropsychiatric practice and can be explained through aberrant integration of recollection and familiarity, in keeping with a dysfunction at the level of the attributional system in the new integrative memory model. We examine neuroimaging findings associated with Fregoli and Capgras syndromes and compare these with the proposed neural substrate of the integrative memory model supporting the core and attribution functions.
On the origin of N in galaxies with galaxy evolution models
Authors: Vincenzo Fiorenzo , Kobayashi Chiaki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNitrogen is among the most abundant chemical elements in the cosmos, and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are fundamental nucleosynthetic sources of N in galaxies. In this work, we show how the observed N/O versus O/H chemical abundance diagram, both in extragalactic systems and in our own Galaxy, can be used to constrain the nucleosynthetic origin of N in the cosmos. In particular, we review the results of our studies with chemical evolution models, embedded in full cosmological chemodynamical simulations.
A Review of Potential Public Health Impacts Associated With the Global Dairy Sector
Authors: Grout Leah , Baker Michael G. , French Nigel , Hales Simon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractStrong demand for dairy products has led to a global increase in dairy production. In many parts of the world, dairy systems are undergoing rapid intensification. While increased production may contribute to food security, higher dairy stocking rates in some regions have resulted in increased pressure on natural resources with the potential to affect public health and wellbeing. The aim of this review was to identify and describe the potential health harms and benefits associated with dairy production and consumption. Electronic databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched for published literature that investigated human health impacts of dairy production and consumption. Occupational hazards, environmental health impacts, ecosystem health impacts, foodborne hazards, and diet‐related chronic diseases were identified as potential public health hazards. Some impacts, notably climate change, extend beyond directly exposed populations. Dairy production and consumption are also associated with important health benefits through the provision of nutrients and economic opportunities. As the global dairy sector increases production, exposure to a range of hazards must be weighed with these benefits. The review of impacts presented here can provide an input into decision making about optimal levels of dairy production and consumption, local land use, and identification and management of specific hazards from this sector. Future research should consider multiple exposure routes, socioeconomic implications, and environmental factors, particularly in regions heavily dependent on dairy farming.
Seasonal and Long‐Term Groundwater Unloading in the Central Valley Modifies Crustal Stress
Authors: Carlson G. , Shirzaei M. , Werth S. , Zhai G. , Ojha C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChanges in terrestrial water content cause elastic deformation of the Earth's crust. This deformation is thought to play a role in modulating crustal stress and seismicity in regions where large water storage fluctuations occur. Groundwater is an important component of total water storage change in California, helping to drive annual water storage fluctuations and loss during periods of drought. Here we use direct estimates of groundwater volume loss during the 2007–2010 drought in California's Central Valley obtained from high resolution Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar‐based vertical land motion data to investigate the effect of groundwater volume change on the evolution of the stress field. We show that GPS‐derived elastic load models may not capture the contribution of groundwater to terrestrial water loading, resulting in an underestimation of nontectonic crustal stress change. We find that groundwater unloading during the drought causes Coulomb stress change of up to 5.5 kPa and seasonal fluctuations of up to 2.6 kPa at seismogenic depth. We find that faults near the Valley show the largest stress change and the San Andreas fault experiences only ~40 Pa of Coulomb stress change over the course of a year from groundwater storage change. Annual Coulomb stress change peaks dominantly in the fall, when the groundwater level is low; however, some faults experience peak stress in the spring when groundwater levels are higher. Additionally, we find that periods of increased stress correlate with higher than average seismic moment release but are not correlated with an increase in the number of earthquakes. This indicates groundwater loading likely contributes to nontectonic loading of faults, especially near the Valley edge, but is not a dominant factor in modulation of seismicity in California because the amplitude of stress change declines rapidly with distance from the Valley. By carefully quantifying and spatially locating groundwater fluctuations, we will improve our understanding of what drives nontectonic stress and forces that modulate seismicity in California.
Complex Deformation at Shallow Depth During the 30 October 2016Mw6.5 Norcia Earthquake: Interference Between Tectonic and Gravity Processes?
Authors: Delorme A. , Grandin R. , Klinger Y. , Pierrot‐Deseilligny M. , Feuillet N. , Jacques E. , Rupnik E. , Morishita Y. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe relation between slip at the near surface and at depth during earthquakes is still not fully resolved at the moment. This deficiency leads to large uncertainties in the evaluation of the magnitude of past earthquakes based on surface observations, which is the only accessible evidence for such events. A better knowledge of the way slip distributes over distinct rupture strands within the first few kilometers from the surface would contribute greatly to reduce these uncertainties. The 30 October 2016Mw6.5 Norcia earthquake has been captured by a variety of geodetic techniques, which provide access to the slip distribution both at depth and at the ground surface, with an unprecedented level of detail for a normal‐faulting earthquake. We first present coseismic surface offset measurements from correlation of optical satellite images of submetric resolution, which are compared to field observations made shortly after the earthquake. Based on a joint inversion of optical data together with InSAR and GPS data, we then propose a rupture model that explains the observations both at far‐field and near‐field scales. Finally, we explore different rupture geometries at shallow depth, in an attempt to better explain the near‐field deformation (i.e., within the first hundreds of meters around the fault) observed at the surface. Despite the fact that the solution is not unique, several lines of evidence suggest that gravity processes could be locally involved, which interfere with the dominant tectonic processes.