bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Durability studies of an indirect diesel engine run on raw palm kernel oil
Authors: Ayetor Godwin K. , Parbey Joseph , Osei Gabriel 
Published: October 2020

This works considered the possibility of using raw palm kernel oil as an alternative to petroleum diesel fuel in a VW engine. At present, very little results on engine durability tests of palm kernel oil use as a fuel has been recorded in literature. A Four-stroke indirect injection diesel engine with capacity of 314,280x 10³mm³ and compression ratio 20.1:1 with constant water cooler was used for the investigation. The engine used for the experimentation is an indirect diesel engine, which is normally the type installed on agricultural engines. The engine was run alternatively for 100 hours on petroleum diesel and palm kernel oil respectively. After the durability test, sample of the lubricating oil was collected and sent for laboratory test. Viscosity, additives and metallic debris was analysed during the laboratory test for both fuel cases to determine wear. Visual inspection was also carried out to determine the state of the engine before and after each run. The engine run with petroleum diesel fuel was compared with that of the engine with palm kernel oil based on their fuel supply system and the lubricating oil analysis. The results showed that raw palm kernel oil can be used as a substitute to petroleum diesel in an indirect diesel engine without any significant damage. In terms wear, the vegetable oil even showed better performance due to its high lubricity compared with petroleum diesel fuel. It is recommended that a heating system be installed on the engine to run on palm kernel oil.
Keywords: palm kernel oil; raw vegetable oil; straight vegetable oil; durability; lubrication oil.
Digital Textile Printing: A New Alternative to Short-Run Textile Printing in Ghana
Authors: Ntim Charles K. , Ocran Sophia P. , Acquaye Richard 
Published: October 2020

This paper is a part of a broader research into textile design technology and trends across the world and their reflection on the local Ghanaian textile industry. It places conventional manual screen printing and digital textile printing technologies side by side and discusses the various drawbacks of screen printing as against the advantages of digital textile printing to illustrate a path for a wider consideration of the latter in Ghanaian small to medium scale textile production. Short-run textile printing commissions are the main source of jobs for small to medium scale textile producers in Ghana. And manual screen printing is the main process employed by these small-scale textile printers. However, screen printing has various layers of limitations such as poor registration of the design, stains, pinholes, colour correctness, colour consistency, colour smear, dye migration, scorching, improper curing, amongst others. These layers of limitations negatively affect the overall outcome of the prints. So, as it stands now, short-run textile printing commissions are either produced manually, of course, with several inconsistencies or outsourced to China and other countries at a higher production cost. This is because, the large-scale textile factories in Ghana could print a minimum of 2400 yards due to their machine settings, calibration and running cost to make the least returns. This study highlights some of the milestones in the development of digital textiles print machines and examines some of the key aspects of their tremendous production aptitudes for short-run textile commissions. The case study research method is used because data comes largely from documentation, archival records, interviews and physical artefacts.
Keywords: Textile Design, Digital Textile Printing, Screen Printing, Short-run Prints.
Assessment of Work-Based Competencies Required of Secondary School Teachers in Undergraduate Business Education Curriculum in South-West, Nigeria.
Authors: Okeke Blessing O. , Mojekwu J. N. 
Published: October 2020

Business Education graduates are expected to acquire high level of competencies in all aspects of human endeavour. However, this expectation seems to be lacking in the job performances of these graduates in the world of work. This study assessed the work-based competencies of Business Education teachers in public secondary schools in South-West Nigeria. The theoretical underpinnings of this study were premised on CIPP Evaluation Model. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study comprised all Business Education teachers in public secondary schools in South-West, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 420 Business Education teachers as a study sample. Two research questions were raised and answered while one hypothesis was formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The research instrument used for data collection were structured Questionnaire. The data generated were analysed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Furthermore, t-test was used to test the hypotheses. Findings showed that teachers acquired competencies from Business Education programme were lower than work-based required competencies. Based on the findings, this study concluded that the contents of Business Education programme do not provide students with adequate job competencies for them to perform at the level expected of them after graduation. The study recommends that Business Education programme should be reviewed and restructured so as to enable the graduates respond to social goals, economic realities and future life challenges.
Citation: Okeke Blessing O, Mojekwu J. N. Assessment of Work-Based Competencies Required of Secondary School Teachers in Undergraduate Business Education Curriculum in South-West, Nigeria. 2020; 5 (2): 1－9.
Received: August, 2018 Accepted: June 30, 2020
Use of Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species (NUCS) in some farming communities in the Upper Afram and Upper Dayi River Basins in Ghana
Authors: Baa-Poku F. , Asante I. K. 
Published: October 2020

The study examined Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species (NUCS) in two agro-ecologically diverse zones in Ghana with the view to highlighting the varieties, their important benefits and uses among rural households in the Upper Afram and Upper Dayi basins. Qualitative data was gathered from two hundred and seventy-one (271) respondents in six farming communities within the middle belt of Ghana through focused group discussions, interviews and questionnaires. A total of one hundred and twelve (112) NUCS were identified during the study. The diversity of NUCS in the study areas provide an indication of the existence of a valuable plant resource that can be exploited to help address food inadequacy challenges among rural households within the Upper Afram and Upper Dayi basins. Apart from their use as food, medicine, dyes, soap making, fuel wood and livestock feed, some NUCS found within the study basins play very important roles in the cultural practices and traditional ceremonies. These findings demonstrate the untapped potential of NUCS in addressing food and nutritional insecurity among rural households in the country. Institution of regular NUCS focused food fairs at the local (village), district and regional levels to promote local dishes prepared from the indigenous food crops; as well as increased NUCS related research are recommended.
Citation: F. Baa-Poku and I. K. Asante. Use of Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species (NUCS) in some farming communities in the Upper Afram and Upper Dayi River Basins in Ghana, 2020; 5(2): 48－63. Received: April 3, 2020 Accepted: June 30, 2020
Densificación en los vacíos urbanos del distrito de Buenaventura; Para propender por una ciudad compacta y sostenible
Authors: Lerma Bonilla Lides Leonardo 
Published: October 2020

Este artículo, pretende demostrar cómo se determinaron y unificaron las densidades urbanas que requiere el Distrito de Buenaventura; para convertirla en una ciudad sostenible, que permita generar más unidades habitacionales. La misma, posee una zona insular altamente densificada contraria a la continental, que tradicionalmente ha tenido una morfología urbana, caracterizada por la dispersión de sus asentamientos; permitiendo la existencia de varios vacíos urbanos periféricos.
Por lo tanto, a través de un proceso matemático, y tomando de base la información estadística de 11 anteproyectos de modelación urbana; se determinaron las densidades propuestas, acordes a las características y normativas de la ciudad. Esto permitió generar 4.400 viviendas más, dentro de estos vacíos urbanos, creando una regeneración urbana que aprovecha toda la infraestructura existente. Sería pertinente, que las autoridades locales consideren estos resultados; para implementarlos en la actualización del Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial.
Sistematización de experiencia aprendizajes con anclaje en la convivencia ciudadana
Authors: Castrillón Cordovez Juan Diego 
Published: October 2020

Este escrito ofrece una sistematización de experiencias docentes que se ordenó a identificar estrategias de aprendizaje para promover la convivencia ciudadana en contexto de conflictos.
Las experiencias tienen en cuenta enfoques determinados tanto por principios como resultados esperados desde consideraciones al estudiantado como centro del proceso de aprendizaje. Se ofrece como referente inmediato la reseña de actividades realizadas en tiempo de pandemia del Coronavirus con la invitación a la escucha activa grupos musicales y de cantantes con mensajes para favorecer la convivencia, como contextos para aplicar perspectivas de Pierre Bourdieu y Gianni Vattimo en particular orientados en clave global a quitarle el velo a prejuicios y estereotipos considerando que éste fue un objetivo modular.
IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN KESISWAAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI NON AKADEMIK DI SMP KREATIF ‘AISYIYAH REJANG LEBONG
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Larasati Sandya Suci , Fathurrochman Irwan 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) bagaimana manajemen kesiswaan yang dilaksanakan di SMP Kreatif ‘Aisyiyah Rejang Lebong; (2) upaya manajemen kesiswaan unutk meningkatkan prestasi non akademik siswa SMP Kreatif ‘Aisyiyah; (3) faktor pendukung dan penghambat dari pelaksanaan manajemen kesiswaan di SMP Kreatif ‘Aisyiyah.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Data kualitatif dianalisis melalui pengidentifikasian data, pengklafikasian data, penganalisisan data, dan penyimpulan data.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen kesiswaan mengatur siswa untuk meningkatkan prestasi non akademik mulai dari perencanaan kesiswaan, penerimaan kesiswaan, pengorganisasian siswa, orientasi siswa, absensi siswa, pembinaan dan pelayanan siswa, organisasi siswa, penilaian siswa, mutasi dan alumni siswa. Upaya manajemen kesiswaan untuk meningkatkan pretasi non akademik siswa yaitu merencanakan prestasi non akademik siswa, mengelompokkan siswa sesuai bakat dan minat yang dipilihnya, dan pembinaan prestasi non akademik dengan baik. Faktor pendukung manajemen kesiswaan dalam meningkatkan prestasi non akademik siswa SMP Kreatif ‘Aisyiyah terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu dorongan dari dalam (sikap terhadap belajar, motivasi belajar, konsentrasi, menyimpan perolehan hasil belajar, rasa percaya diri, intelegensi, kebiasaan dan cita-cita siswa) dan dorongan dari luar (orang tua, guru atau pembina, sarana dan prasarana, lingkungan sosial), sedangkan faktor penghambatnya sarana prasarana dan siswa.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENYUSUN RPP BERKARAKTER MELALUI PEMBINAAN INTENSIF PADA GURU SD NEGERI PANCURWENING KECAMATAN WONOSOBO SEMESTER I TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Authors: Subiakti Sri 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang Peningkatan Kemampuan guru dalam menyusun rencana pelaksanaan RPP berkarakter melalui pembinaan intensif di SD Negeri Pancurwening Kecamatan Wonosobo Kabupaten Wonosobo Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Subjek dan sumber data penelitian sebanyak 6 guru. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, dokumentasi, dan praktik penyusunan rencana pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kritis dan komparatif. Indikator keberhasilan menggunakan batas minimal sebesar 76 dan target ketuntasan 100%. Prosedur penelitian menggunakan siklus.
Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan diketahui bahwa hasil observasi, dokumentasi, dan praktik penyusunan rencana pelaksanaan RPP berkarakter yang dilaksanakan oleh guru melalui pembinaan intensif secara rinci dapat diuraikan bahwa dari 24 menjadi 31,83 pada siklus I dan 42,33 pada siklus II. Total kenaikan skor sebesar 18,3 atau 38,1%. Tindakan pembinaan intensif oleh peneliti dari kondisi awal belum dilaksanakan (0), menjadi 21 pada siklus I dan 27,5 pada siklus II, sehingga total kenaikan sebesar 27,5 atau 91,7%. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka hipotesis tindakan yang menyatakan: ”Pembinaan intensif dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menyusun RPP Berkarakter pada guru SD Negeri Pancurwening semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2019/2020” maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa mulai dari prasiklus ke siklus II terjadi kenaikan secara signifikan.
Combining low-cost, surface-based aerosol monitors with size-resolved satellite data for air quality applications
Authors: deSouza Priyanka , Kahn Ralph A. , Limbacher James A. , Marais Eloise A. , Duarte Fábio , Ratti Carlo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Poor air quality is the world's single largest environmental health risk,
and air quality monitoring is crucial for developing informed air quality
policies. Efforts to monitor air pollution in different countries are
uneven, largely due to the high capital costs of reference air quality
monitors (AQMs), especially for airborne particulate matter (PM). In
sub-Saharan Africa, for example, few cities operate AQM systems. It is thus
important to examine the potential of alternative monitoring approaches.
Although PM measurements can be obtained from low-cost
optical particle counters (OPCs), data quality can be an issue. This paper develops a new method using raw aerosol size distributions from
multiple, surface-based low-cost OPCs to
constrain the Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR)
component-specific, column aerosol optical depth (AOD) data, which contain
some particle-size-resolved information. The combination allows us to derive
surface aerosol concentrations for particles as small as
∼0.1 µm in diameter, which MISR detects but are below the OPC detection limit
of ∼0.5 µm. As such, we obtain better constraints on the
near-surface particulate matter (PM) concentration, especially as the
smaller particles tend to dominate urban pollution. We test our method using data from five low-cost OPCs deployed in the city
of Nairobi, Kenya, from 1 May 2016 to 2 March 2017. As MISR passes over
Nairobi only once in about 8 d, we use the size-resolved MISR AODs to
scale the more frequent Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer
(MODIS)-derived AODs over our sites. The size distribution derived from MISR
and MODIS agrees well with that from the OPCs in the size range where the
data overlap (adjusted-R2∼0.80). We then calculate
surface-PM concentration from the combined data. The situation for this
first demonstration of the technique had significant limitations. We thus
identify factors that will reduce the uncertainty in this approach for
future experiments. Within these constraints, the approach has the potential
to greatly expand the range of cities that can afford to monitor long-term
air quality trends and help inform public policy.
Front Cover
Authors: Zygowska Alexandra 
Published: October 2020

The cover art displays several tools and equipment associated with clinicians and clinical practice. Physicians employ various utensils to facilitate the physical examination, investigation, and ultimately the diagnosis and treatment of patients. However, proper training is necessary for the appropriate utilization of these tools and for interpretation of meaningful results. The tools themselves do not make a whole physician. A competent physician uses these tools along with their acquired knowledge and clinical experience to guide patient care.
A Field Map for Untangling the Entangled Sea
Authors: Harris Cline Diane 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article is situated at the intersection of ships, the sea, humans, and the nonhuman things on board and ashore. It explores the role of objects in maintaining social relations, inspired by materiality studies, entanglement, and Actor-Network Theory. The seafarer-thing relationship is the primary focus of this study through which I argue that archaeologists must not only catalog and classify the artifacts they find but also consider their object biographies, use-lives, and the stories, which can be told in the space between human-thing and thing-thing codependencies. The visualizations model the entanglement inside the complex systems of a merchant ship, the things carried on board, the humans, and activities on the ship, using the Polyaigos shipwreck as the protagonist in our thought experiment. I introduce “field maps,” which combine network sociograms with an interpretive layer of fields (economic, social, technological, infrastructure, religious) to analyze the ways humans and things are entangled.
Tangled Myths and Moral Networks: Pacific Comparanda and the Samothracian Sea
Authors: Blakely Sandra 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolitical and spiritual ecologies provide a framework for comparative analysis between the Melanesian kula and the civic and ritual institutions around the mystery cult of the Great Gods of Samothrace. These ecologies recognize the role of cosmology and cultural narrative in organizing social behavior into resilient responses that enable social and economic needs. This study utilizes three categories F. H. Damon has established for exploring the kula: collective thinking, social organizations, and the coupling of nature and culture in complex adaptive systems. Both Greek and Melanesian systems are characterized by asymmetrical exchange, a role for prominent families, identity, trust, and emotional intensity. Analogies at the cosmological level, legible in three Samothracian myths, suggest that the Greek systems rendered the natural world a model of the moral forces stipulated by proxenia grants that mitigated the anthropogenic risks of maritime travel, making myth as critical as civic institutions in realizing maritime safety.
Cockles, Mussels, Fishing Nets, and Finery: The Relationship between Cult, Textiles, and the Sea Depicted on a Minoan-Style Gold Ring from Pylos
Authors: Tully Caroline 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Griffin Warrior Ring No. 2 is a gold Minoan-style engraved signet ring from Pylos dating to the Late Helladic IIA (1580–1490 BCE). The ring's bezel depicts a seascape with a columnar tree shrine flanked by palm trees situated on a rocky outcrop. Five elaborately dressed female figures stand on either side of the shrine. The tree shrine features a net pattern in the space between its stone or brick piers. I argue that this represents a fishing net and that the structure is a sea altar dedicated to an unnamed Minoan tree deity. The ring's hoop is decorated with cockleshells, further emphasizing its marine theme. I propose that the iconography alludes to marine food resources, practical and luxury textile fibers, sea trade, transculturality, and cult and is testament to the importance of the sea in the Aegean Bronze Age.
Ernst Platner e a história pragmática da alma
Authors: Garcia Luis Fellipe 
Published: October 2020

Este estudo é uma exploração da concepção de lógica como uma “história pragmática da alma [pragmatische Seelengeschichte]”, tal como ela é formulada pelo médico e filósofo alemão Ernst Platner. Da análise dessa fórmula, pretende-se extrair um esboço do modo como ele concebe as noções de: alma, história, lógica e filosofia. Para tanto, o argumento será estruturado como uma análise: (i) da alma enquanto objeto de estudo da lógica; (ii) da história pragmática enquanto método de estudo da lógica; e (iii) da compreensão da relação entre lógica e filosofia extraída por Platner dessa abordagem. O objetivo deste trabalho não é fazer uma avaliação crítica da teoria de Platner, mas antes fazer um esboço do horizonte de questões que se abre a partir dessa compreensão da porta de entrada da filosofia – a lógica – como uma espécie de história da alma.
Incumbent’s Bane or Gain? Renewable Support and Strategic Behavior in Electricity Markets
Authors: Darudi Ali , Weigt Hannes 
Published: October 2020

Incumbent firms play a decisive role in the success of renewable support policies. Their investments in renewables as well as their operational strategies for their conventional CO2 emitting technologies affect the transition to a sustainable energy system. We use a game theoretical framework to analyze incumbents’ reactions to different renewable support policies, namely feed-in tariff (FIT), feed-in premium (FIP), and auction-based policies. We show that a regulator should choose a support scheme based on concerns about either market power or emission abatement: in FIP-based policies, the incumbent’s strategic behavior leads to lower CO2 emissions, but a higher market price compared to FIT-based policies. Furthermore, for FIP-based policies, the regulator might want to incentivize incumbents directly (to further reduce CO2 emissions) or newcomers (to further reduce market power). Particularly in FIP-based auctions, incumbents have the incentive to obtain all auctioned capacity, which could lead to an unchanged market price despite the entrance of new capacity into the market.
La representación del patrimonio arqueológico en los libros de texto de Educación Primaria: El contexto indígena canario como estudio de caso
Authors: Farrujía de la Rosa A. José , Ascanio Sánchez Carmen , Martín Hernández Ulises , Hernández Gómez Cristo Manuel 
Published: October 2020

En este artículo analizamos el tratamiento didáctico que recibe el patrimonio arqueológico canario de la etapa indígena en los libros de texto de Ciencias Sociales de Primaria de Canarias, con un especial foco de atención en la representación de género. A partir de un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo, centrado en los libros de texto de cuatro editoriales, en el marco de la LOMCE, nuestra investigación analiza qué se considera patrimonio arqueológico en la enseñanza, cómo y qué se enseña, y cuál es el rol de las mujeres en el contenido educativo y en el hecho histórico. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan la reproducción de miradas eurocéntricas, la inexistencia de una definición explícita de los vestigios arqueológicos y, por tanto, del propio concepto de patrimonio, así como el predominio de la hegemonía cultural androcéntrica. Esta realidad presenta claras afinidades con la constatada en otros estudios afines del estado español.
In this article we analyze the didactic approach for the Canarian archaeological heritage from the indigenous period within the Primary textbooks of Social Sciences in the Canary Islands, paying also attention to the representation of gender. From a qualitative and quantitative approach, focused on the textbooks from four different publishers, and within the framework of LOMCE, our research analyzes what is considered archaeological heritage in teaching, how and what is taught, and what is the role of women in the historic fact and in the educational content. The main results show the predominance of the androcentric cultural hegemony, the reproduction of Eurocentric views, the absence of an explicit definition for the archaeological remains and, therefore, for the concept of heritage. This panorama presents clear affinities with the one documented in other parts of Spain.