bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of reliability of measurements among fetal facial profile parameters by operators with different levels of experience at 15-23 weeks of gestation
Authors: Suwanrath Chitkasaem , Sawaddisan Rapphon , Booncharoen Pitchaya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Mandible anomalies are associated with many syndromes. Various methods have been proposed to assess fetal mandibles with different reliability. This study aimed to compare the reliability of measurements among five fetal facial profile parameters by operators with different levels of experience, at 15–23 weeks of gestation in Thai fetuses.
Methods

An observational study was prospectively conducted. The inferior facial angle (IFA), anteroposterior mandibular diameter (APD), mandible width (MD), maxilla width (MX) and mandible length (ML) were measured in 123 normal fetuses, using 2D ultrasonography, by 3 operators with different levels of experience. Each participant was examined by 2 operators. Each operator performed three independent measurements for each parameter and was blinded to the results of the other. Reliability of measurement was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient for both intraobserver and interobserver variabilities. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate the agreement between operators’ measurements.
Results

The success rate of ML measurement was highest (100%) among the five parameters for all operators. Failure of MX measurement was high in fetuses at a gestational age of less than 18 weeks. Intraobserver variabilities of APD, MD, MX and ML measurements were excellent for all operators (ICC 0.958–0.986), while those of IFA measurement was moderate to excellent (0.560–0.923), depending on the operators’ experience. Interobserver variabilities varied between pairs of operators; only 2 parameters, APD and ML, showed excellent interobserver variabilities for both pairs of operators (ICC > 0.9) with good agreement. Interobserver variabilities of MX measurements for both pairs of operators were good (ICC 0.606–0.709), while MD was excellent for operator 1 and 2 (ICC 0.867), but moderate for operator 1 and 3 (ICC 0.576) and IFA was good for operator 1 and 2 (ICC 0.602), but poor for operator 1 and 3 (ICC 0.128).
Conclusions

The reliability of ML measurement was the highest, followed by APD, while IFA was the lowest, among the 5 parameters. ML and APD measurements were feasible and reproducible, whereas MX measurement was limited in fetuses with a gestational age of less than 18 weeks. Additionally, reliability of IFA measurement depended on the operator’s experience.
Primary anatomic reconstruction in upper and lower lips: case report
Authors: Hadad Henrique , Jesus Laís Kawamata de , Santos Ana Flávia Piquera , Capalbo-Silva Rodrigo , Mendes Bruno Coelho , Reis Breno Fernandes dos , Mulinari-Santos Gabriel , Souza Francisley Ávila de 
Published: July 2020

Extensive lip injuries reconstructions require a strategy of treatment. First, the strategy can follow the anatomical references in order to closure the injury reestablishing the lip functions. This article report a reconstruction of an extensive lip injury after a convulsion and a fall in height in a male patient. The lip reconstruction by anatomical reconstruction was effective for immediate structural maintenance and allowed a favorable healing for the second surgical stage.Descriptors: Lip; Wounds and Injuries; Surgery, Oral.ReferencesMatin MB, Dillon J. Lip reconstruction. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2014;26(3):335-57.Lubek JE, Ord RA. Lip reconstruction. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2013;25(2):103-14.Cakmak MA, Cinal H, Barin EZ, Sakat MS, Karaduman H, Tan O. Total lower lip. reconstruction with functional gracilis free muscle flap. J Craniofac Surg. 2018;29(3):735-37.Larrabee YC, Moyer JS. Reconstruction of mohs defects of the lips and chin. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2017;25(3):427-42.Coppit GL, Lin DT, Burkey BB. Current concepts in lip reconstruction. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;12(4):281-87.Daraei P, Calligas JP, Katz E, Etra JW, Sethna AB. Reconstruction of upper lip avulsion after dog bite: case report and review of literature. Am J Otolaryngol. 2014;35(2):219-25.Sanniec KJ, Carboy JA, Thornton JF. Simplifying Lip Reconstruction: An Algorithmic Approach. In Semin Plast Surg. 2018;32(2):69-74.Neligan PC. Strategies in lip reconstruction. Clin Plast Surg. 2009;36(3):477-85.Bai S, Li RW, Xu ZF, Duan WY, Liu FY, Sun CF. Total and near-total lower lip reconstruction: 20 years experience. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2015;43(3):367-72.Ogawa R. Surgery for scar revision and reduction: from primary closure to flap surgery. Burns Trauma. 2019;7:7 doi: 10.1186/s41038-019-0144-5.Siqueira EJ, Alvarez GS, Laitano FF, Martins PDE, Oliveira MP. Estratégias em reconstrução do lábio inferior. Rev Bras Cir Plást.2012;27(4):536-41.Estlander JA. Eine methode aus der einen lippe substanzverluste der anderen zu erstzen. Arch Klin Chir. 1872;14:622. Reprinted in English in Plast Reconstr Surg. 1968;42:361.Robotti E, Righi B, Carminati M, Ortelli L, Bonfirraro PP, Devalle L et al. Oral commissure reconstruction with orbicularis oris elastic musculomucosal flaps. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2010;63(3):431-39.Yamauchi M, Yotsuyanagi T, Ezoe K, Saito T, Yokoi K, Urushidate S. Estlander flap combined with an extended upper lip flap technique for large defects of lower lip with oral commissure. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2009;62(8):997-1003.
Investigation of paracetamol degradation using LED and UV-C photo-reactors
Authors: Nascimento Graziele Elisandra do , Soares Oliveira Marcos André , da Rocha Santana Rayany Magali , Ribeiro Beatriz Galdino , Silva Sales Deivson Cesar , Rodríguez-Díaz Joan Manuel , Napoleão Daniella Carla , da Motta Sobrinho Mauricio Alves , Duarte Marta Maria Menezes Bezerra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This work investigates the efficiency of LED and UV-C photo-reactors for paracetamol degradation using advanced oxidative processes. Among the evaluated processes, photo-Fenton was the most efficient for both radiations. Degradations greater than 81% (λ 197 nm) and 91% (λ 243 nm) were obtained in the kinetic study. These degradations were also observed by means of the reduction in the peaks in both spectral scanning and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The good fit of the Chan and Chu kinetic model shows that the degradation reaction has pseudo-first order behavior. Toxicity tests did not indicate the inhibition of growth of Lactuca sativa seeds and Escherichia coli bacterium. However, the growth of strains of the Salmonella enteritidis bacterium was inhibited in all the samples, demonstrating that only this bacterium was sensitive to solutions. The proposed empirical models obtained from the 24 factorial designs were able to predict paracetamol degradation. These models could, at the same levels assessed, be used to predict the percentage of degradation in studies using other organic compounds. The LED and UV-C photo-reactors were, when employing the photo-Fenton process, able to degrade paracetamol, thus highlighting the efficiency of LED radiation when its power (three times smaller) is compared to that of UV-C radiation.
Clavulanic Acid in the Scope of Helicobacter pylori Treatment: A Literature Review and Beyond
Authors: Alrabadi Nasr , Albustami Iyad S. , Abuhayyeh Husam A. , El-Muwalla Khaled M. , Alawneh Rama J. , AL-Eitan Laith N. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Masadeh Majed , Khabour Omar F. , Haddad Razan 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common cause of
peptic ulcer disease and it can be associated with many complications, including malignancies. In
clinical practice, some clinicians may use Clavulanic Acid (CA) in combination with amoxicillin or
other beta-lactams as an addition to the standard treatment regimens. This practice may be done by
habitual mistake, non-evidence based hypothetical assumptions, or by prescribing it as an alternative
treatment. This review aims to expose the effect of CA against H. pylori infection and to review
the possible mechanisms that may contribute to that effect.

Methods:
A PubMed and Google Scholar literature search was obtained on both pre-clinical and clinical studies related to
CA and H.pylori infection.

Results:
Available clinical studies showed improvement in the eradication of H. pylori by about 10-
20% when CA was added to the treatment regimens. This effect for CA could be related to several
mechanisms including inhibition of H. pylori growth by binding to Penicillin-Binding Proteins
(PBPs), the transformation of H. pylori from the active filamentous form into coccoidal form, induction
of the release of dopamine, modulation of immunological response towards H. pylori infection
and its relationship with other microbiota. Randomized-controlled studies on patients with
resistance to H. pylori are needed. Moreover, in vitro studies to evaluate the mechanisms by which
CA may influence H. pylori are warranted.

Conclusion:
The presented literature suggests potential avenues for the use of CA in the management of peptic ulcer disease
and H.pylori infection.
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Potential of Helenalin
Authors: Kriplani Priyanka , Guarve Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Arnica montana, containing helenalin as its principal active constituent, is
the most widely used plant to treat various ailments. Recent studies indicate that Arnica and helenalin
provide significant health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antioxidant,
cholesterol-lowering, immunomodulatory, and most important, anti-cancer properties.

Objective:
The objective of the present study is to overview the recent patents of Arnica and its
principal constituent helenalin, including new methods of isolation, and their use in the prevention
of cancer and other ailments.

Methods:
Current prose and patents emphasizing the anti-cancer potential of helenalin and Arnica,
incorporated as anti-inflammary agents in anti-cancer preparations, have been identified and reviewed
with particular emphasis on their scientific impact and novelty.

Results:
Helenalin has shown its anti-cancer potential to treat multiple types of tumors, both in
vitro and in vivo. It has also portrayed synergistic effects when given in combination with other anti-
cancer drugs or natural compounds. New purification/isolation techniques are also developing
with novel helenalin formulations and its synthetic derivatives have been developed to increase its
solubility and bioavailability.

Conclusion:
The promising anti-cancer potential of helenalin in various preclinical studies may
open new avenues for therapeutic interventions in different tumors. Thus clinical trials validating
its tumor suppressing and chemopreventive activities, particularly in conjunction with standard
therapies, are immediately required.
DyPO4·1.5H2O Microcrystals: Microwave/Ultrasound/ Ultraviolet Light- Assisted Synthesis, Characterization and Formation Mechanism
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Huang Shuang , Zhang Hang , Wang Lei , Zhong Shengliang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Researchers have pursued the new synthesis method. As a newly developed
method, microwave (MW), ultrasound (US) and ultraviolet light (UV) assisted synthesis has drawn
increasing interests. Under the synergistic effect, many materials with new structure, morphology and
properties may be found. As an important rare-earth phosphate, DyPO4 was selected and the effect of
MW, US and UV on the preparation was investigated.

Method:
The DyPO4·1.5H2O nanostructures were prepared by MW, US, UV and their combination.

Results:
Hexagonal DyPO4·1.5H2O microcrystals obtained under MW irradiation were broomstick
bundles. Needle-shaped products were formed in the presence of MW and US. Interestingly, the
broom-sheaf-like structures can self-assemble into flower-shaped structures upon the irradiation of
MW and UV. Whereas, MW/UV/US synergetic heating results in mixed morphologies of flower-like
and needle-shaped structures.

Conclusion:
The growth of DyPO4 nanostructures can be tuned by selecting the combination of heating
method of MW, US and UV.
Adverse Effects of Natural Products: A Brief Pre-Systematic Review
Authors: Pires Carla , Fernandes Ana S. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Natural products are commonly used for treating health problems. These
products may be associated with adverse events, which are defined as "noxious and unintended
response to a medicinal product" by the European Medicine Agency.

Objective:
To identify studies describing at least one adverse event (or with potential to promote
an adverse event) related to the use of natural products, as well as to describe the involved
product(s) and adverse event(s).

Methods:
A pre-systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic
Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Keywords: "natural product(s)" and ["adverse drug
reaction(s)" or "adverse effect(s)"]. Screened databases: PubMed, SciELO, DOAJ and Google
Scholar. Inclusion criteria: Papers describing at least one adverse event associated with the use of
natural products and published between 2017 and 2019. Exclusion criteria: Repeated studies,
reviews and papers written in other languages than English, Portuguese, French or Spanish.

Results:
104 studies were identified (20 PubMed; 0 SciELO; 2 DOAJ; 82 Google Scholar), but
only 10 were selected (4 PubMed and 6 Google Scholar): 1 in-vitro study; 2 non-clinical studies, 1
study reporting in-vitro and clinical data and 5 case reports. Globally, 997 reports of adverse drug
reactions with natural products were identified, mainly non-severe cases.

Conclusion:
Since a limited number of studies was found, we conclude that adverse events due to
natural products may be underreported or natural products may have a good safety profile. This
review contributes to assuring the safety of natural products consumers by evaluating the
knowledge/information on the potential adverse events and interactions of these products.
Epidemiology and characteristics of urinary tract dysfunction in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Ziryanov A. V. , Bazhenov I. V. , Philippova E. S. , Ustinov G. S. , Turova E. L. , Toreyev I. O. , Leushin E. K. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Data on the epidemiology and nature of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) in multiple sclerosis (MS) are contradictory: the prevalence rate ranges from 50 to 90% according to different authors.Purpose of the study. To assess the frequency and nature of urination disorders in patients with various forms of multiple sclerosis.Materials and methods. We analyzed the data of patients observed in the Regional Centre of Multiple sclerosis at Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1. The study included 160 patients aged 42.6±12.3 years, of which 64% were men and 36% were women. The primary progressive course of the disease occurred in 5% of patients, the secondary progressive course in 39%, and remitting in 56%. The average score according to the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was 3.94±2.10. The nature of neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract was evaluated using questionnaires (NBSS, SF-Qualiveen) and urodynamic studies.Results. NLUTD were detected in 65% of MS patients. The average score according to the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Scale (NBSS) in patients with NLUTD was 26.93±13.12, which was significantly (p < 0.001) exceed than the value of this indicator among patients without pelvic disorders (6.43±2.34). Symptoms of emptying were noted in more than half of patients with a neurogenic bladder in the presence of multiple sclerosis: poor urine flow (63%), abdominal straining during urination (76%). Complaints of storage symptoms, such as urgency and frequency, were presented by 98% of patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction. Urinary incontinence was diagnosed in 84% of cases. The values of the «incontinence», «storage and voiding» and «complications» domains of NBSS were 8.66±7.17, 12.18±3.7 and 3.48±4.21, respectively. The total score of SF-Qaliveen questionnaire in patients with MS with urinary disorders was 2.93±1.13, in patients without NLUTD, 1.03±0.91 (р < 0,001).Conclusions. Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction occurs in patients with multiple sclerosis with a frequency of 65%. These urinary disorders have a significant impact on the patients` quality of life.
The ureaplasma biovars clinical significance in the practice of a urologist
Authors: Savzikhanov R. T. , Alibekov M. M. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction. The presence of Ureaplasmas in the body of healthy men has been proved by many studies. The ability to assess their effect on the male body from a different perspective appeared with the advent of modern quantitative diagnostic methods.Purpose of the study. Определить распространённость уреаплазм у мужчин без репродуктивных нарушений, а также распространённость биоваров уреаплазм и их влияние на урологическую симптоматику.Materials and methods. There was analyzed 249 patient surveys in the clinic, divided into 2 groups: men who had various urological complaints and clinically healthy men.Results. We found Ureaplasmas in 76 (30.5%) men based on a survey of 249 men. In the group of clinically healthy men (n = 129), microorganisms were found in 24 (18.6%) cases, in the group of men with urological symptoms (n = 129) in 52 (43.3%) cases. U. Urealyticum was observed in 28 (36.8%) patients, U. parvum were in 45 (59.2%). The combination of both strains was detected in 3 (4%) cases.Conclusion. The total prevalence of Ureaplasmas in men without reproductive disorders was 30% of cases. The prevalence of Ureaplasmas in the group of men with urological symptoms was more than 2 times higher. U. parvum and U. urealyticum are usually found in isolation from each other. We found both taxa in 4% of cases only. The prevalence of ureaplasmas was 19% among clinically healthy men. Both strains can develop symptoms, but U. urealyticum does it to a greater extent if both are present at the same time.
Results of the nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy in obese patients
Authors: Sokolov E. A. , Veliev E. I. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction. According to several studies, an increased body mass index (BMI) may be one of the unfavorable prognostic factors of prostate cancer (PC) associated with lower oncological and functional outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP).Purpose of the study. To evaluate pathomorphological characteristics, recurrence-free survival, and restoration of erectile function (EF) after RP with nerve-sparing technique (NST) in obese patients.Materials and methods. The study group consisted of 91 patients with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 , the control group consisted of 356 patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 who underwent RP with unilateral or bilateral NST from January 2012 to December 2019. A comparative analysis of pathomorphological results, the rate of complications, recurrence-free survival, and the dynamics of EF restoration in both groups was performed.Results. Obese patients had a larger prostate volume, a higher score for the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire. Unilateral and bilateral NST was used in both groups in equal proportions: 50.5% and 49.5% in the group with BMI ≥ 30 and 51.4% and 48.6% in the group with BMI < 30 (p = 0.88 ) There were no significant differences between the groups in the rate of adverse pathomorphological characteristics, serious postoperative complications and the volume of intraoperative blood loss. The five-year recurrence-free survival after RP was 93.1% in the BMI group ≥ 30 and 95.1% in the BMI group < 30 (p = 0.55). The total rate of EF recovery after RP with NST after 24 months was 75% and 78.5% (p = 0.24). The restoration of EF in obese patients was slower: sufficient for sexual intercourse EF after 6 and 12 months was observed in 17.9% and 32.1% versus 35.4% and 53.8% in the group with BMI < 30, and the meantime to recovery was 10.9 (± 1) and 8.6 (± 0.6) months, respectively (p = 0.04).Conclusions. Obesity does not affect the pathomorphological and oncological results of RP with NST. EF recovery in patients with a BMI of ≥ 30 is slowed down, however, 24 months after surgery, the results are comparable with the potency level in patients with a BMI < 30. The data obtained may be of value in counselling and planning surgical intervention in obese patients with PC.
Pyelonephritis during pregnancy (opinion of the editor-in-chief about the problem)
Authors: Kogan M. I. 
Published: July 2020

The editorial board concludes the discussion on the problem of acute pyelonephritis in a pregnant woman. As editor-in-chief, I express my gratitude to the authors of publications on this subject [1–8]. At the same time, I want to draw attention to the weak activity of urologists in reaction to the discussion. In my opinion, one of the reasons for this is the lack of large-scale research on this issue in Russian Federation. Although, in the world, things are the same way for the most part. Therefore, it is extremely difficult in current medical practice to solve tactical tasks and make inferences in many clinical situations.I do not intend to comment in any way on the scientific publications of respected colleagues who spoke on the pages of the journal “Urology Herald”. Nevertheless, I want to give my considerations based solely on my own clinical experience in emergency urology and based on many scientific studies with my fellows in the Rostov-on-Don City Emergency Hospital and Rostov State Medical University.
Oligometastatic prostate cancer: diagnosis and preliminary results of radiation therapy
Authors: Dzhabarov F. R. , Alnikin A. B. , Tolmachev V. G. 
Published: July 2020

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most pressing problems of modern oncology, which is primarily associated with the high prevalence of this pathology. Of course, the appearance of metastases is an unfavourable factor in the course of the disease. However, PCa metastases is a very heterogeneous condition. «Oligometastatic cancer» is considered as a special disease with other properties of the tumour, i.e. as a transitional state between the localized and disseminated stage of the disease. Diagnosis of oligometastatic cancer is an extremely difficult task associated with the accurate determination of the number and localization of metastases, both hematogenous and lymphogenous, which in turn requires differentiation with regional lesions of the lymph nodes of a locally advanced tumour process. Currently, radiotracers are widely used to diagnose metastatic lymph node lesions that have high specificity for PCa, targeting a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA; also known as glutamate carboxypeptidase), such as 11C-choline, 18F-fluoroethylcholine, 68Ga.9 patients with prostate cancer with the oligometastatic lesion were treated. All patients underwent external beam radiation therapy. Total focal dose on the visualized lymph collector of the affected lymph node amounted to 44.0 Gr. Total focal dose with the method of radiotherapy treatment «field in the field» on the node 70.0 Gr. In all patients, a PSA was reduced to a level below 1.0 ng/ml 6 weeks after completion of the course of radiation therapy and levelling the severity of adverse reactions. None of the treated patients showed signs of a PCa recurrence.