bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of preventive maintenance of vehicles
Authors: Bulgakov N F , Kovalenko V V , Gorbaneva A V , Shalimov S N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the issue of the application and improvement of the control system and decision-making when servicing vehicles. For more effective management of the vehicles technical condition, a complex of programs developed at the Department of “Transport” of the PI SFU is proposed. Their use will help to reduce the time spent on decision making, increase the level of reliability and durability of vehicle components, study the patterns of changes in reliability indicators and monitor the effectiveness of decisions made.
Software for automated supervisory control of navigation system and accounting of road transport for the Northern regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Filippova N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nowadays there is the following mechanism for collecting information on imported cargo: information from a way-bill; cargo receipt; way-bills per day; transmission of information to accounting department. This collection mechanism does not ensure the convenience of their use and processing. In addition, the efficiency of the data is not ensured, since the necessary information is received for processing only the next day. The aim of the work is to develop a standard configuration of workstations and justification of their functions. Methods of collecting and analyzing data on the operation of automated systems, as well as methods of configuration and rationalization are used in the work. The result of the work is a compiled and justified model of the configuration of the automated control system and justification of the importance of its application.
On the development trends of the machine-tractor park of the agro-industrial complex of Russia
Authors: Drovnikov A N , Yu Kalmykov B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Currently, agricultural machinery is characterized by low technical level and high wear. The tractor fleet is basically based on outdated machines that do not meet modern requirements for the consumption of operating (fuel and oil) and construction materials, reliability, environmental impact (water and air basins, soil, the content of harmful impurities in exhaust gases), working conditions and level of automation and other indicators. The wide use of combined harvesters shows significant shortcomings typical of currently produced combine harvesters. Extremely high concentration of operations in one machine, typical of modern self-propelled combines, with high productivity, severe restrictions on harvesting, loss and damage to grain, with high requirements for durability and reliability leads to an increase in machine weight. As a result, there are problems to increase its cost, soil compaction during harvesting, reducing crop yields, and highly qualified personnel for operation, maintenance and repair. The article analyzes the trends of further development of agricultural machinery, based on the solutions proposed in the Russian-Belarusian patents, aimed at solving these problems.
The effect of soaking and tempering temperatures on high vanadium alloys for grinding media
Authors: Mabeba AD , Siyasiya CW 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Vanadium produces the hardest carbides and can influence wear properties positively. However, due to the minerals’ price fluctuations as a result of the current economic climate, vanadium is currently expensive and seldom used in wear resistant materials despite its valuable properties. Nevertheless, it is still important to study the effects of vanadium carbides on wear properties and later compare the cost/durability ratio to the other currently used industrial alloys. Vanadium has been used as a secondary alloying element in high chromium cast iron and has produced positive results through the influence of orientation and morphology of the eutectic carbide M7C3. Vanadium carbides are known to be discontinuous, which is helpful with regards to impact properties. Vanadium carbides alone cannot maintain high macro-hardness values and for improved results carbon is needed to increase the strength of the matrix. In this paper, the influence of the soaking and tempering temperatures on hardness and wear properties in a high vanadium alloy, 1.91C-0.82Mn-0.96Si-0.90Ni-1.35Cr-0.25Mo-6.12V, were investigated. The soaking temperatures were 1150 and 1250°C while the tempering temperatures were varied at 100°C interval from 300 °C to 600 °C. It was found that soaking at 1250°C increased the amount of retained austenite, but at the same time also improved the wear resistance in as quenched condition as well as after tempering up to 500 °C.
Influence of Impeller Diameter on the Performance of Centrifugal pumps.
Authors: Matlakala M E , Kallon D V V , Mogapi K E , Mabelane I M , Makgopa D M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The impeller is the most important part of the centrifugal pump because it determines the flow or efficiency of the pump. The design of the impeller and its diameter are very essential when considering pump efficiency. The capacity of the pump is determined from the impeller vanes and channels. The three types of impellers include open impeller, enclosed impeller and semi-open impeller are each designed for a specific application. Impellers are made of cast iron or carbon steel and special alloys depending on their application. The research involves the study of the application of impellers in the centrifugal pumps used by Rand Water Company in Johannesburg. The paper considers how variations in the impeller diameter affect the performance of the centrifugal pump. Simulations were conducted at different diameters of the impeller. The impeller was modelled using AutoCAD and simulated using ANSYS software to determine the performance of the centrifugal pump on different diameters. Calculations were done to compare the results of simulation of the different diameters of 2000mm, 2200mm, and 2400mm. The results show that changing the diameter of a pump impeller affects the flow, head and input brake horsepower of the pump in different proportions. The centrifugal pump gives a high flow rate as the diameter of the impeller increases.
Influence of sintering temperature on densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Ni alloy developed via spark plasma sintering
Authors: Rominiyi A L , Shongwe M B , Maledi N B , Jeje S O , Babalola B J , Lepele P F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Titanium is used extensively in various engineering applications as a result of its unique physical, chemical and mechanical properties. However, the difficulty encountered in fabricating a fully densified titanium sample informed the introduction of alloying elements into the matrix in order to form a liquid phase and enhance sinterability. This work explored the influence of sintering temperature on the densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Ni alloy developed via spark plasma sintering at varying temperature from 850 °C to 1200 °C in a vacuum, under isothermal holding time, heating rate and applied pressure of 10 min, 100 °C/min and 50 MPa respectively. Characterization of the mixed powder and bulk sintered sample were carried out with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Relative density and hardness of the samples were determined following the Archimedes and Vickers method respectively. The SEM results indicated the presence of multiple phases in the microstructure of the sintered samples. These phases were confirmed by the EDS and XRD analysis results, as the intermetallics of Ti-Ni. Densifications above 98%, was achieved and the hardness values were found to vary with the densification of the sintered alloy, across the investigated sintering temperatures.
The effect of ternary alloying with vanadium on Ti-Pt shape memory alloys
Authors: Daswa P , Chikosha S , Mahlatji M L , Siyasiya C W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ti-Pt alloys have attracted much research due to high transformation temperatures (1050°C) which makes them suitable for high temperature applications in automotive and aerospace industries. The binary alloy exhibits negligible shape memory effect and the amount of platinum (Pt) required to produce this alloy makes it very expensive which limits its practical application and commercialization. Ternary alloying of Ti-Pt could lead to solid solution strengthening and improved shape memory properties. Furthermore, ternary alloying by replacing Pt could reduce the cost of the alloy. However, it could lead to changes in the microstructure, crystal structure, transformation temperatures and transformation temperature hysteresis that would significantly affect the shape memory behaviour of the alloy. This paper investigates the effect of ternary alloying of Ti-Pt with varying vanadium contents (0-18.25 at.%) on the as-cast condition. The effect of ternary alloying on the microstructure, transformation temperature and transformation temperature hysteresis were studied. The Ti50-Pt50-x-Vx (x = 6.25 to 18.25 at.%) alloys were produced by the button arc melting method using elemental powders of titanium, platinum and vanadium. Results showed the formation of martensitic a-Ti50(Pt,V)50 with Ti3Pt, (Ti,V)3Pt, Ti4Pt3-like and oxide phases in Ti-Pt-(V) alloys. The phase transformation temperature of Ti-Pt alloys decreased with increasing vanadium content up to 10.2 at.% V.
Effect of powder bed preheating on distortion and mechanical properties in high speed selective laser melting
Authors: Motibane L P , Tshabalala L C , Mathe N R , Hoosain S , Knutsen R D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is known to cause residual stresses due to the inherent large thermal gradients from high heating and cooling rates during manufacturing. The residual stresses tend to induce distortion, delamination of parts from the base plate as well as cracking because they reduce the threshold flaw size required for crack initiation. These challenges form a barrier to the use of this additive manufacturing method for structural applications for the aerospace industry where high part integrity is a critical requirement. The aim of the study was to evaluate the degree of distortion and crack growth resistance during increasing monotonic loading and cyclic loading of As-built Ti6Al4V parts produced on the Aeroswift high speed SLM process preheated at 200°C. The monotonic loading results are comparable to those of commercial SLM systems but are lower when compared conventional manufacturing methods. The crack growth resistance of the As-built specimen is lower than that of heat treated specimen. Distortion at this preheating temperature is evident at from 12cm away from the base of the cantilever and spreads to height of 3.2mm.
Influence of stress relieving thermal cycles on AISI10Mg specimens produced by selective laser melting
Authors: Mfusi B J , Mathe N R , Popoola P A I , Tshabalala L C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The AlSi10Mg alloy is known for its castability, corrosion resistance, high heat conductivity, low weight and good weldability. Applications of the aluminium alloy components includes heat exchangers that are subjected to high temperatures and corrosive environments. The production process of AlSi10Mg alloy using selective laser melting has been extensively explored because of its hypoeutectic composition of Al and Si. However, it has been observed that stress relieve has a negative consequence on tensile properties of SLM built samples, while retaining and improving ductility. The thermal behaviour of AlSi10Mg alloy fabricated by selective laser melting with the specimen heat treated at 300°C for 2 hours investigated in this work. The specimens exhibited mass gain during the thermalgravimetric analysis as a result of the precence of oxygen as one of the elements present as detected by the elemental analysis. The fatigue results post thermal treatment demonstrated improved fatigue resistance qualities comparable to die-casted AlSi10Mg.
Study of the relationship between stacking fault energy and microstructure in different compositions of Fe-Mn steels produced by weld deposit
Authors: Ribamar G G , Andrade T C , Miranda H C , Abreu H F G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The properties of high manganese steels are usually related to the mechanism of austenite deformation, either martensite or twin formation during deformation. This deformation mechanism is often related to the stacking fault energy (SFE) that the material possesses. Studies show that SFE values between 0 and 8 mJ/m2; provide formation of ε martensite during deformation, whereas only twins are formed for energies above 18 mJ/m2. Intermediate values provide the formation of both ε martensite and twins. In this way, it is possible to predict the microstructure and, consequently, mechanical properties with the knowledge of the material’s SFE. In this work, a weld consumable with high manganese content was deposited on a SAE 1012 carbon steel plate with the flux-cored arc welding process producing different chemical compositions and consequently different SFE that varied as a function of the dilution. Low dilution conditions led to austenite and ε martensite formation in the molten zone, while in high dilution conditions, α’ martensite were found, besides those other two. Manganese was found to be the most influential element in the phase formation change, based on SFE and SFE components analysis.
Measuring the dislocation density of VT1-0 titanium alloys with different content of hydrogen by x-ray diffraction method
Authors: Xu S P , Kudiiarov V N , Li K , Larionov V V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, the distributions of dislocation density with hydrogen concentration in titanium VT1-0 were obtained. The samples with different hydrogen concentrations was carried out by using the Sieverts method. The dislocation densities were obtained by using the full width at height medium calculations from the XRD results of Gaussian approximation fitting. For accurate calculation of the dislocation density in titanium alloys, the double-line separation phenomenon of the XRD results and the variation of the Burgers vector in different lattice directions were considered. The phenomenon of the double-line separation is more evident when the diffraction angle 2θ is larger than 40°. The mean value of dislocation density for the different hydrogen concentrations is about 1013 ∼ 1014 m−2. Moreover, as the increases of hydrogen content in the titanium alloy, the dislocation density also increases.
Mechano-chemical synthesis of crystalline superionic conductors CsAg4Br3-xI2+x (0<x<1) and their silver-conducting properties
Authors: Zuo W B , Pelenovich V O , Tolstogouzov A B , Fu D J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Silver ion conductive materials attract numerous interest of research nowadays, due to their high potentiality in the solid electrolyte ion source (SEIS) intended for the application in the ionic thruster. In the work, mechano-chemical synthesis of crystalline superionic conductors CsAg4Br3-xI2+x (0<x<1) was performed by means of high-energy ball milling for the first time. The structure, morphology, and elemental composition were investigated and the effects of iodine content on these properties were studied. Silver-conducting properties were characterized based on the generation of Ag+ ion beams. The ion current of about 15 nA was obtained at 152°C and 15 kV.
Federalism in Rights Cases
Authors: Martenet Vincent 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This Article examines whether and how, in a federal state, the federated entities’ constitutions, laws, case law, and practices may impact federal fundamental rights cases. Such bottom-up influence may occur in particular when (i) the federated entities have jurisdiction over the relevant area of law and enjoy broad autonomy; (ii) the question raised is controversial, relates to conflicting values, and is linked to the diversity which the constitution protects; (iii) the applicable federal fundamental right is “unenumerated” or not clearly grounded in the constitution; and (iv) the scope of this right is vague. In this respect, federated entities in a federal state may become “constitutional indicators” or even “trailblazers.” They indeed have the potential to indicate a future federal path when, for constitutional reasons, many of them have made similar decisions or choices, or when one or a few pioneering entities wander through unexplored constitutional fields.
Nondeterminacy, cycles and rational choice
Authors: Herlitz Anders 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A notorious problem that has recently received increased attention in axiology, normative theory and population ethics is the apparent ubiquity of what can be generally called nondeterminacy. This paper illustrates how nondeterminacy can spawn cyclical rankings. So, accepting that practical reasons can admit of nondeterminacy challenges the widely held idea that ‘better than’ is transitive. As a result, standard approaches to rational choice under nondeterminacy fail to be action-guiding, since in some situations all options are dominated, that is, impermissible according to standard rational choice criteria.
Institutional Barriers to Healthy Workplace Environments: From the Voices of Social Workers Experiencing Compassion Fatigue
Authors: Kreitzer Linda , Brintnell Sharon E , Austin Wendy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe good health and well-being of health care professionals is increasingly an important issue and one that is under threat due to dominant neo-liberal economic factors. These factors influence health care service delivery which in turn focuses less on employee workplace satisfaction and more on profit-making corporate business models. More work with less pay/benefits, less time to work with clients and the focus on outcomes has created workplaces in which employees are experiencing negative organisational cultures that, in turn, affects their health and well-being. One negative effect is compassion fatigue (CF). In Canada, a national inter-disciplinary research project was conducted for health professionals (n = 52) who self-identified as experiencing CF. From this research, an analysis of a sub-sample of the data of fourteen social workers was conducted identifying specific institutional factors that participants described as creating conditions for their CF. These factors are presented including: (i) cost-effective services within time constraints and political climates; (ii) erosion of relationship building; (iii) lack of communication between managers and front line workers; (iv) cutbacks in services; (v) climate of fear; and (vi) outcome measurement requirements. These concerns related to workplace environments and the health and well-being of health professionals are discussed.
The misdirection of bankers’ moral compass in the organizational field of banking
Authors: van Staveren Irene 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article presents the results of a survey on banking culture in the Netherlands. It shows that despite behavioural regulation by the state, bankers continue to be driven by the underlying rationalization in the banking field which is characterized by utility maximization. Moreover, the downsizing of the sector has turned the incentives of targets from positive to negative, while distrust and lack of moral leadership further constrain bankers’ use of their moral compass. An increase in state regulation leads to extensive compliance procedures but does not act as a support for ethical guidance in addressing client interests in a complex and uncertain environment. Bankers feel squeezed between increased legal constraints and ever more detailed rationalization in the banking field, which reduces the space to use their moral compass. This study argues that a change in banking culture should therefore address the field’s rationalization itself, rather than adding more behavioural regulation.
Practical Key-Recovery Attacks On Round-Reduced Ketje Jr, Xoodoo-AE And Xoodyak
Authors: Zhou Haibo , Li Zheng , Dong Xiaoyang , Jia Keting , Meier Willi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new conditional cube attack was proposed by Li et al. at ToSC 2019 for cryptanalysis of Keccak keyed modes. In this paper, we find a new property of Li et al.’s method. The conditional cube attack is modified and applied to cryptanalysis of 5-round Ketje Jr, 6-round Xoodoo-AE and Xoodyak, where Ketje Jr is among the third round CAESAR competition candidates and Xoodyak is a Round 2 submission of the ongoing NIST lightweight cryptography project. For the updated conditional cube attack, all our results are shown to be of practical time complexity with negligible memory cost, and test codes are provided. Notably, our results on Xoodyak represent the first third-party cryptanalysis for Xoodyak.
Optimal data collection for randomized control trials
Authors: Carneiro Pedro , Lee Sokbae , Wilhelm Daniel 
Published: November 2019

Summary
In a randomized control trial, the precision of an average treatment effect estimator and the power of the corresponding t-test can be improved either by collecting data on additional individuals, or by collecting additional covariates that predict the outcome variable. To design the experiment, a researcher needs to solve this trade-off subject to her budget constraint. We show that this optimization problem is equivalent to optimally predicting outcomes by the covariates, which in turn can be solved using existing machine learning techniques using pre-experimental data such as other similar studies, a census, or a household survey. In two empirical applications, we show that our procedure can lead to reductions of up to 58% in the costs of data collection, or improvements of the same magnitude in the precision of the treatment effect estimator.
LONG-TERM GAIT SPEED TELEMONITORING IN OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT OR MILD DEMENTIA. THE DECI STUDY
Authors: Donini Lorenzo M , Rainoldi Alberto , Feletti Luca C , Zia Gianluca , Poggiogalle Eleonora , Signore Susanna Del ,   Monika Jurkeviciute on behalf of DECI Consortium
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Non-intrusive telemonitoring of physical activity in Older Adults suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), or Mild Dementia (MD), was implemented as part of a 6-month multicomponent digital intervention in the DECI study (EU Horizon2020 grant No 643588). Methods: To estimate gait speed long-term trajectory, a processing algorithm was applied on individual accelerometry data continuously recorded via the ADAMO wrist-watch accelerometer. Speed Trend Analysis was performed if patients wore the device ≥90 days. Only outdoor activity was analyzed to reflect patients’ own natural gait speed. Only time spent in high or very-high-activity level is used, to eliminate rest periods (e.g. sitting on a bench, on a bus or driving). A raw mean walking speed was computed. Stride was computed from gender and height and walked distance from stride and step count. Mean walking speed was estimated by walking distance and duration. A rolling mean algorithm was applied to the computed mean 15-day baseline series, resulting in a new series representing normalized patient’s gait speed trajectory during the study. Results: Baseline characteristics: F/M=21/19; MCI/MD=36/4; age=75.4±6.0 years; BMI= 24.6±5,2; MMSE=26.5±2.4; education=8.9±4.0 years. Monitoring days=147±29. Overall three main patterns of gait speed trajectory were identified: “relative stability”, “improving trend” and “progressive decline”: No evident correlation with cognitive status was observed in the sample. Examples of individual patterns are shown. Conclusions: Gait Speed Analysis can describe physical function trajectory over time and identify decliners from stable or improving older adults. Further analyses may clarify the relationship between physical function changes and cognitive status.