bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research capacity of Australian and New Zealand emergency medicine departments, 2019 survey
Authors: Walker Katie , Tan Shijie Ian , Fatovich Daniel , Watkins Gina , Stephenson Melanie , Ting Joseph , Whittome Richard , Wang Wei , Knott Jonathan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Large, multicentre studies are required in emergency medicine to advance clinical care and improve patient outcomes. The Australasian College for Emergency Medicine clinical trials network is available to researchers to assist with facilitating large, multicentre research. However, there is no current information about the research capacity of emergency departments (EDs) in Australia and New Zealand. Methods All EDs accredited for emergency medicine training in Australia and New Zealand were eligible to participate. Research leads or ED directors were invited via email and telephone to complete a survey. Data were collected regarding the presence of a research lead, their research experience; available research resources including colleagues, funding, departmental paid research time; publications and research culture. Results One hundred and twelve responses were received on behalf of 122 (84%) sites (10 satellite plus main) from a possible 143 sites with all types of hospitals and regions represented. Research leads were identified at 66 (59%) sites, 32 (29%) had a director of emergency medicine research. A wide range of research was underway. Ninety-six sites (66%) contributed data to multicentre projects. Twenty-one centres (17%), were highly productive with multiple resources (skilled colleagues, funding, staffing), a positive research culture and high volume output. Sixty to seventy centres (50-58%) had limited resources, experienced an unsupportive research culture and authored manuscripts infrequently. Paid time for research directors was associated with increased research outputs. Discussion ACEM sites have capacity to undertake large multicentre studies with a varied network of sites and researchers. While some sites are well equipped for research, the majority of EDs had minimal research output.
Perceptions and experiences of organizational justice among healthcare professionals in academic hospitals in South-eastern Nigeria
Authors: Ghasi Nwanneka Chidinma , Ogbuabor Daniel Chukwuemeka , Onodugo Vincent Aghaegbunam 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Research on organizational justice in hospitals in African countries are limited despite being important for workforce performance and hospital operational efficiency. This paper investigated perception and experiences of organizational justice among health professionals in academic hospitals in South-east Nigeria. Methods The study was conducted in two teaching hospitals in Enugu State, South-east Nigeria using mixed-methods design. Randomly sampled 360 health professionals (doctors = 105, nurses = 200 and allied health professionals, AHPs = 55) completed an organizational justice (OJ) scale. Additionally, semi-structured, in-depth interview (IDI) with purposively selected 18 health professionals were conducted. Univariate and bivariate statistics and multivariable linear regression were used to analyse quantitative data. Statistical significance was set at alpha 0.05 level. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using NVivo 11 software. Results The findings revealed moderate to high perception of different dimensions of OJ. Doctors showed the highest perception, whereas AHPs had the least perception. Among doctors, age and education predicted distributive justice (adjusted R 2 = 22%); hospital ownership and education predicted procedural justice (adjusted R 2 = 17%); and hospital ownership predicted interactional justice (adjusted R 2 = 42%). Among nurses, age, gender and marital status predicted distributive justice (adjusted R 2 = 41%); hospital ownership, age and gender predicted procedural justice (adjusted R 2 = 28%); and hospital ownership, age, marital status and tenure predicted interactional justice (R 2 = 35%). Among AHPs, marital status predicted distributive justice (adjusted R 2 = 5%), while hospital ownership and tenure predicted interactional justice (adjusted R 2 =15%). Qualitative findings indicate that nurses and AHPs perceive as unfair, differences in pay, access to hospital resources, training, work schedule, participation in decision making and enforcement of policies between doctors and other health professionals due to medical dominance. Overall, supervisors have a culture of limited information sharing with, and disrespectful treatment of, their junior colleagues. Conclusion Addressing specific set of socio-demographic factors that significantly influenced perception of OJ among different categories of health professionals and departure from physician-centred culture would improve perceptions and experiences of organizational justice among health professionals in Nigeria and similar settings.
Concurrent high-intensity aerobic and resistance exercise modulates systemic release of alarmins (HMGB1, S100A8/A9, HSP70) and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy young men: a pilot study
Authors: Goh Jorming , Hofmann Peter , Aw Ning Hong , Tan Poh Ling , Tschakert Gerhard , Mueller Alexander , Wong Siew Cheng , Tan Frankie , Gan Linda Seo Hwee 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Intense exercise is a systemic stressor associated with the release of “danger” molecules – alarmins, by damaged or dying cells into systemic circulation to evoke a sterile inflammatory response. Compared with research in clinical diseases, physiological responses of alarmins to exercise and training are not well studied. Short-term responses to exercise and training using a panel of alarmins – HMGB1, S100A8/A9, HSP70 and sRAGE may reveal unique aspects of stress responses to strenuous exercise with important ramifications when prescribing exercise to generally healthy adults. Methods: A 3-week, high-intensity training program was performed by healthy young men (N = 7). Concurrent aerobic and resistance exercises were performed on 3 consecutive days each week. Blood and saliva were collected before (Pre), immediately after (Post), and 30 min (30 min) after exercise each week, and 24 h after the final exercise session in week 3 (24 h). Results: Plasma HMGB1, S100A8/A9 and HSP70 increased from Pre to Post (P < 0.05), although at different timepoints during the study, and displayed different kinetics from IL-10, IL-8 and IFN-γ, suggesting unique mechanisms involved in modulating their release and clearance. CD14+CD16- monocytes increased from Pre to Post across 3 weeks; CD14+CD16+ monocytes increased from Pre to Post in week 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). ΔHMGB1 and ΔHSP70 correlated positively with ΔMCP-1 during 3 weeks of training, while ΔHMGB1 correlated positively with CD14+CD16- monocytes, suggesting higher alarmin release after strenuous exercise may involve increase in circulating monocytes. Conclusions: Perturbations in systemic alarmins are novel biological signatures for assessing the inflammatory milieu of healthy adults during high-intensity exercise.
Concurrent Modified Constant Modulus Algorithm and Decision Directed Scheme with Barzilai-Borwein Method
Authors: Xu Tongtong , Xiang Zheng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this work, concurrent modified constant modulus algorithm and decision-directed scheme with the Barzilai-Borwein method is proposed for blind equalization of wireless communications systems. The Barzilai-Borwein method, the two-step gradient method, is usually used to solve multidimensional unconstrained optimization problems. The proposed algorithm concurrently operates a modified constant modulus algorithm equalizer and a decision directed equalizer, it then adaptively adjusts the step size of the decision directed equalizer using Barzilai-Borwein method. Theoretical analysis is provided to illustrate that the proposed algorithm has a faster convergence speed, and better equalization performance than the original one. Simulation results support the new proposed technique.
A novel C-terminal degron identified in bacterial aldehyde decarbonylases using directed evolution
Authors: liu yilan , chen jinjin , Khusnutdinova Anna N. , Correia Kevin , Diep Patrick , Batyrovaa Khorcheska A. , Nemr Kayla , Flick Robert , Stogios Peter , Yakunin Alexander F. , Mahadevan Radhakrishnan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Aldehyde decarbonylase (AD), which converts acyl aldehydes into alkanes, supplies promising solution for producing alkanes from renewable feedstock. However the instability of AD impeded its further application. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the degradation mechanism of AD and engineer it towards high stability. Results: Here, we describe the discovery of a degradation tag (degron) in the AD from marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus marinus via error-prone PCR based directed evolution system. Bioinformatic analysis revealed this C-terminal degron is common in the family of bacterial ADs and identified a conserved C-terminal motif, RMSAYGLAAA, representing the AD degron (ADcon). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the ATP-dependent proteases ClpAP and Lon are involved in the degradation of AD-tagged proteins in E. coli , thereby limiting alkane production. Deletion or modification of the degron motif increased alkane production in vivo . Conclusions: This work revealed the presence of a novel degron in bacterial ADs responsible for its instability. The in vivo experiments proved eliminating or modifying the degron could stabilize AD, thereby producing higher titers of alkanes.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare workers towards Hepatitis B virus infection in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Moussa Ayan Aden , Abdi Abdkeren Abdullahi , Abdullahi Sharif Alhassan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is globally distributed with its attendant complications such as chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Somalia is among the countries with high prevalence of HBV infection. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of healthcare workers (HCW) towards HBV infection in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted on HCW to assess KAP towards HBV infection. Standardized questionnaires were distributed to 470 HCW recruited for the study from five hospitals. Data for demographic characteristics were described using percentages. Scores for KAP were presented as mean ±standard deviation. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used deduce inferences between the mean KAP and demographic characteristics of the participants. Spearman’s rho correlation was used to determine any association between the KAP of the HCW. Results Of the 470 distributed questionnaire, 430 questionnaires were returned with a response rate of 91.5%. Majority (73%) of the participants had tertiary education. The mean scores for KAP were 16.3±4.4, 6.9±0.4, 7.03±1.5 respectively. Significant ( P<0.01 ) positive correlation between the KAP variables were observed. Professional cadre and marital status were found to be associated with mean KAP ( P<0.001 ). Conclusion This study revealed an acceptable level of KAP among the HCW and a potential source of participants for awareness campaign against HBV infection in Somalia.
Simulation and optimisation of homogeneous permanent magnet for portable NMR applications
Authors: Poulichet Patrick , Fakri Abdennasser , Delabie Christophe , Phuc Hung Dang , Cong Tien Truong , Fakri-Bouchet Latifa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on the magneto static simulation of magnet arrangement used for portable NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) apparatus. In NMR experiments, a very homogeneous magnetic field is required in a large sample volume. In our case, NdFeB magnets are used to generate a homogeneous field, with a Halbach arrangement. The homogeneity of the magnetic field B0 can be improved by dividing a long configuration of magnets into several rings. The size of useful volume is dependent on both the gap between each ring and some others shim magnets. Our aim is to enhance the sensitive volume size while maintain the highest magnetic field. In this goal, we optimized the gap between the two rings and put two shim magnets rings in the bore of the structure. Optimizing the position of the shim magnets allow drastic improvement. The homogeneity of the magnetic field B0 is optimized with the help of CAD and mathematical software. Our results were confirmed with a Finite Element Method. As a result the method described here achieves a significant improvement of the homogeneity in the particular case of Halbach arrangement.
Feasibility Study on Estimating Visual Attention using Electrodermal Activity
Authors: Yoshida Ryuichi , Nakayama Tomohiro , Ogitsu Takeki , Takemura Hiroshi , Mizoguchi Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Etsuji , Inagaki Shigenori , Takeda Yoshiaki , Namatame Miki , Sugimoto Masanori , Kusunoki Fusako 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Electrodermal Activity (EDA) refers to change in the electrical properties of skin during mental exertion caused by tension and agitation. In recent studies, it has been revealed that there is an overlap between the brain activation area where emotion occurs and the brain activation area responsible for attentiveness. Consequently, in this paper we test our hypothesis that, given these findings, visual attention can be estimated via EDA. The results of experiments conducted verify that EDA can be used as an attention index.
Detection of microbial contamination in potable water by Nanowire technology
Authors: Carmona Estefanía Núñez , Sberveglieri Veronica , Ponzoni Andrea , Zappa Dario , Pulvirenti Andrea 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
It is well known that the lack of control and sanitation of water in developing countries has cause very significant epidemiological events. In the last decades the situation of water supplies and sanitation has improve all over the world. Despite of it, in the European Union there are a considerable number of confirmed cases of water-borne infections even though the restrictive law. Electronic Noses (ENs) has shown to be a very effective and fast tool for monitoring microbiological spoilage and quality control. The aim of this study was test the ability of a novel EN for the detection of bacterial presence in potable water in cooperation with analytical (pH) and optical (photometer) techniques. The achieved results notably advocate the use of EN in industry laboratories as a very important tool in water quality control.
Inspection of Packaged Integrated Circuits using Terahertz Radiation
Authors: Fritz Andreas , Arnold Thomas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A non-destructive, non-contact inspection system for packaged integrated circuits using terahertz (THz) radiation is tested. Our results show that we are able to reconstruct the internal structure of the IC, like the microelectronic chip and the interconnections. Due to the limitation of the system and the wavelength of THz radiation the fine bonding wires could not be detected. However, we show that the THz technology will be a valuable tool for the automatic online inspection of packaged integrated circuits.
Acoustic emission testing of electrical stressed copper trace
Authors: Florian Daniela , Wiesner Thomas , Zagar Bernhard G. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Copper becomes more and more important in the electronic industry. This metal is more resilient than conventional materials (like aluminium) due to the higher electrical and thermal conductivity. During several electrical stress pulses the copper changes. The surface can melt up and cracks and voids can develop inside the copper specimen.
In this paper we use acoustic emission testing to analyse copper degradation especially of copper and copper traces. It is evaluated if an acoustic wave excited by a thermo-electrical stress pulse can be detected by a simple measurement setup and if a correlation between the acoustic signal and the degradation exists. The idea is that during the degradation, the behaviour of the material changes which in turn influences the emitted acoustic signal.
Study on Monitoring Method for Laser Welding Process by using UV and IR sensors
Authors: Kang Heeshin , Choi Jiyeon 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a process inspection technology for laser and laser hybrid welding processes. It proposes a quality monitoring method and the laser hybrid welding system with industrial robot for approving the welding speed and accuracy of conventional spot and laser welding systems. The laser hybrid welding process is consisted of the laser and arc welding process. The hybrid welding system has the cost efficiency of arc welding and good performance of laser welding. The laser generator, arc welding and the industrial robotic systems are consisted of laser hybrid welding systems with monitoring system. The laser hybrid welding system with robot was equipped with a laser head and arc welding gun for laser hybrid welding process. The welding joints are butt and Fillet joints. The welding specimens are made from the steel plate and aluminium plate. The quality of welding specimens is tested by observing the shape of the beads on the plate after hybrid welding. The cross-section of the welded parts is observed by using metallography method. The mechanical tensile test is carried out for analysing the performance of welding strength. The monitoring results of the plasma intensity by using UV and IR sensor are used for finding the correlation with the results of the mechanical and metallurgical test.
Smart Home: Recognition of activities of elderly for 24/7; Coverage issues
Authors: Nag Anindya , Mukhopadhyay Subhas Chandra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A smart home has been designed and developed to monitor elderly people who lives alone and needs assistance to perform their daily living activities. The system monitors different activities of the elderly and determine the wellness of the person. It is a challenge to recognize different activities of the elderly over 24 hours for the seven days a week. The coverage issues in terms of monitoring the elderly are discussed in the paper.
The feasibility of using electromagnetic waves in determining the moisture content of building fabrics and the cause of the water ingress.
Authors: Kot P. , Shaw A. , Jones K. O. , Cullen J. D. , Mason A. , Al-Shamma’a A. I. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the feasibility of using electromagnetic (EM) waves is determining the moisture content of building fabrics and the case of water ingress in experimentally assessed. This paper will concentrate on investigating the propagation of EM waves through typical structures and their interaction with concealed pipework, wiring and timber. All current methods are overviewed and analysed. Novel microwave sensor described in this paper operates in 6 GHz to 12 GHz frequency range using Marconi 6200A microwave test set. Results of experimental test confirm that microwaves can be used as an alternative non- destructive method for identifying different object behind the walls.
Testing the applicability of physiographic classification methods toward improving precipitation phase determination in conceptual models
Authors: Grigg Laurie D. , Feiccabrino James , Sherenco Frederick 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Regions with a large percentage of precipitation occurring near freezing experience high percentages (&gt;10%) of misclassified precipitation events (rain versus snow) and necessitate efforts to improve precipitation phase determination schemes through the use of more accurate surface air temperature thresholds (Trs). Meteorological data from 169 sites in Scandinavia were used to test the applicability of using physiographic categories to determine Trs. Three classification methods involving varying degrees of automation were evaluated. The two automated methods tested did not perform as well as when tested on a smaller region, showing only 0.16% and 0.20% reduction in error. A semi-manual method produced the largest average reduction in misclassified precipitation (0.53%) across all sites. Further refinement of classification criteria for mountain and hill stations showed that at mesoscales (&gt;5 km), maximum elevation is a better predictor of Trs (0.89% average reduction in error) than terrain relief (0.22%), but that relief becomes increasingly important at microscales (0.90%). A new method for categorizing mountainous stations based on upslope or downslope air movement increased the average reduction in error up to 0.53%. These results provide a framework for future landscape classification methods and confirm the importance of microscale topography for determining Trs in alpine regions.
Potential of waste activated sludge to accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoates and glycogen using industrial wastewater/liquid wastes as substrates
Authors: Ike Michihiko , Okada Yukihiro , Narui Takaaki , Sakai Kosuke , Kuroda Masashi , Soda Satoshi , Inoue Daisuke 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Recovery of the organics in industrial wastewaters/liquid wastes as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and/or glycogen (GLG) in waste activated sludge is a useful strategy to not only improve the resource value of waste activated sludge but also reduce the energy and cost of waste disposal and wastewater treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of activated sludge to accumulate PHA and GLG using complex substrates (actual and simulated industrial wastewaters/liquid wastes) in addition to various simple organic substrates (organic acids, saccharides, and glycerol). The 24 h PHA and GLG accumulation experiments resulted in the accumulation of up to 25.5%, 6.0% and 14.1% of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) and GLG, respectively, from simple substrates, and up to 9.8%, 0.1% and 14.6%, respectively, from complex substrates. The results indicated that activated sludge can accumulate PHA and GLG even from complex wastewater substrates, although the accumulated PHA and GLG levels were not sufficiently high. The results also indicated that the PHA and GLG accumulation abilities of activated sludge from complex substrates can be drastically enhanced by a short-term acclimation to the corresponding substrate. This study will present the practical implications for value-added resource production through the combined use of waste activated sludge and industrial wastewaters.
Recovery of cutting oil from wastewater by pervaporation process using natural clay modified PVA membrane
Authors: Unlu D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this study, the pervaporative dehydration of the cutting oil ‘diethylene glycol’ (DEG) through a hydrophilic PVA membrane was investigated at various operation temperatures in the range of 333–363 K with a feed mixture containing 0.5–2.0 wt% water. The pervaporation (PV) performance of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) is enhanced by the addition of natural clay kaolin into the pristine membrane. The thermal stability of the membranes was analyzed by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The morphological analysis of the membranes was performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Separation success was determined by calculation of flux, selectivity, and PSI. These values were investigated as functions of the clay amount, feed concentration and feed temperature. The obtained results show that PV is an effective method for recycling waste cutting oil from wastewater.