bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causes and challenges of males’ rhinoplasty in Iranian population: Qualitative study
Authors: Ghafari Zeinab , Jalali Amir , Abasi Parvin , Yousefi-Labani Javad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Rhinoplasty is a cosmetic surgery for which the society and the individual incur heavy costs. The present study is an attempt to elaborate on the causes and challenges of males’ rhinoplasty in Iranian population.Methods: The study was carried out as a qualitative study using content analysis method. Totally, 20 participants (16 clients, one family member, and three care-givers) were selected purposefully and participated in semi-structured and in-depth interviews. With 20 interviews, data saturation was achieved. Data analysis process was conducted manually along with the interviews following Lundman and Graneheim method.Results: Data analysis revealed 614 primary codes and the continuous examination and removal or repetitious codes left 417 codes, nine sub-themes, and two themes namely the reasons for rhinoplasty (lack of confidence, hope for a better face, seeking attention, keeping up with the Joneses, and persuasion by others) and challenges (family challenge, social atmosphere, financial problems, and unwanted consequence).Conclusion: The lack of confidence and the hope of having a more beautiful face were the motivators. Family challenges, financial problem and the negative side effects of the surgery were challenges in the way of men for having rhinoplasty.
Effects of Moderate Aerobic Training on Cognitive Performance and Dyslipidemia in Sedentary Older Adults
Authors: Alghadir Ahmad H. , Gabr Sami 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of 24 weeks of moderate aerobic exercise on the levels of lipids and lipoprotein; Lipo(a) markers and its association with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Methods: A total of 150 healthy subjects (100 males, 50 females; age range; 65-95Yrs) were recruited for this study. Based up on LOTCA test score, subjects were classified randomly into two groups control group (n= 50) and cognitive impairment group (n=100).Cognitive functioning, Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), lipid profile; total cholesterol, TG, HDL-c, LDL-C, and Lipo(a) were assessed at baseline and post- 24 week aerobic exercise interventions using LOTCA battery, pre validated PA questionnaire, colorimetric and immunoassay techniques respectively. Results. Significant improvements in the cognitive function and modulation in lipid profile and lipoprotein (a) markers were reported in all older subjects following 24 week of moderate exercise. LOTCA-7-sets scores showed a significant correlation with physical activity status and the regulation of lipids and lipo(a) markers. Physically active persons showed a higher cognitive performance along with reduction in the levels of T-Cholest., TG, LDL-C, Lipo(a) , and increase in the levels of HDL-C and aerobic fitness VO2max compared with sedentary participants. Cognitive performance correlated positively with the increase in aerobic fitness, HDL-C, and negatively with T-Cholest.,TG, LDL-C, Lipo(a) respectively. However, a significant increase, in the improvement of motor praxis, vasomotor organization, thinking operations, attention and concentration was reported among older adults. Conclusions: The data concluded that supervised moderate aerobic training for 24 weeks plays a positive significant effect in improving cognitive functions via modulating lipid profile and lipoprotein (a) of older adults.
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-related Interstitial Lung Disease-a Clinical Retrospective Study
Authors: Niu Qian , Tao Xiaonan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There is no conclusion about the correlation between autoantibodies in SLE patients and ILD. In order to help early diagnosis of SLE-ILD, here we will compare the differences in clinical data of SLE-ILD and SLE-NILD patients and explore the clinical features of SLE-ILD and the value of indicators related to the diagnosis of SLE-ILD and independent risk factors. Methods: A clinical retrospective study. Select 89 SLE-ILD patients and 187 SLE-NILD patients, collect all patients' age of onset, smoking history, sex, and autoantibodies, and compare the differences between the two. Additionally collect respiratory manifestations, pulmonary auscultation signs, pulmonary computer tomography and pulmonary function of SLE-ILD patients. Rely on the above clinical data to carry out relevant summary and statistical analysis, and explore the correlation between pulmonary function and autoantibodies in SLE-ILD patients, the value of autoantibodies in the diagnosis of SLE-ILD and the independent risk factors of SLE-ILD. Results：SLE-ILD patients have a higher ANA positive rate than SLE-NILD patients. There is no correlation found between pulmonary function indexes and autoantibodies in SLE-ILD patients. The diagnostic sensitivity of ANA for SLE-ILD is 97.8%, specificity only 3.2%. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of Ro-52 are 61.8% and 52.9%. Age, ANA, SM, and Ro-52 are independent risk factors for the onset of SLE-ILD.Conclusions: Age, ANA, SM, and Ro-52 are meaningful and notable indicators for SLE patients when in doubt whether they are accompanied by ILD.
Comparison of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy and Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Revision Surgery for the Recurrent Lumbar Disc Herniation After Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Authors: Wang Anqi , Yu Zhengrong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) has become a feasible alternative to the conventional open surgery for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH), but PELD is associated with a certain rate of recurrence. Therefore, a good choice of surgical approach for recurrent lumbar disc herniation (rLDH) is important. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes between PELD and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) for revision surgery for the rLDH after primary PELD surgery.Methods: This study retrospectively assessed 46 patients who suffered from rLDH after PELD surgery in Peking University First Hospital from January 2015 to June 2019, and patients were divided into two groups, PELD group (n=24) and MIS-TLIF group (n=22), according to different revision surgical methods. Preoperative data, perioperative conditions, complications, recurrence condition, and clinical outcomes were compared between these two groups.Results: Compared with the MIS-TLIF group, the PELD group was associated with shorter operative time, less intraoperative hemorrhage, and shorter post-operative hospitalization, but higher recurrence rate. Complication rates were comparable between two groups. Both the two groups could provide patients with satisfactory clinical outcomes at the 12-month follow-up after revision surgery. Compared with MIS-TLIF, PELD was associated with visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores of back pain, and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at the 1-month follow-up, whereas this effect was equalized after 6 months postoperatively.Conclusions: Either PELD or MIS-TLIF surgery could provide satisfactory clinical outcomes for revision surgery for the rLDH after primary PELD. PELD brought advantages in shorter operative time, less intraoperative hemorrhage, and shorter post-operative hospitalization over MIS-TLIF, however, higher postoperative recurrence rate of PELD couldn’t be ignored. Surgeons must weigh advantages against disadvantages of these surgical methods and fully informed patients preoperatively.
Treatment of patient with cirrhosis-ascites by the mineral pulse light stimuli on LV acupoints-a case report
Authors: Cha YongChol , Choe Hyok , Oh SongJin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Decompensated cirrhosis is an illness that causes tremendous suffering. The incidence of cirrhosis is increasing and rates of liver transplant, the only cure, remain stagnant. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to perform the clinical trial on cirrhosis-ascites patient by the mineral pulse light stimuli on LV acupoints without any drugs use.Methods: Hepatic cirrhosis patient was stimulated by mineral pulse light stimulator (MPLS). Stimulus acupoints; LV3. LV14. SP6. The selected acupoints were stimulated by MPLS for 50~60 minutes once a day. The same method was performed on the patient for 40days without any drugs use (diuretics, Albumin, etc.).Results: After treatment, all the laboratory indicators and patient conditions were become normal.Conclusions: Cirrhosis-ascites patient was recovered by mineral pulse light stimulus on LV acupoints without any drugs use.
The Extent of Participation in Urban Agriculture and Its Effect on Food Security in Africa and Asia: Evidence from Ghana and India
Authors: Bannor Richard Kwasi , Sharma Mohit , Oppong-Kyeremeh Helena 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study examined the factors that influence the extent of urban agriculture participation and its effect on food security in Ghana and India. A total of six hundred and fifty urban agriculture farmers were interviewed for this study in Ghana and India. Food security status of urban households was assessed by the use of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale whereas the determinants of the extent of urban agriculture and its effect on food security were analysed by the use of the heteroskedastic linear regression and the Seemingly Unrelated Regression models, respectively. From the study on average, households in Ghana were mildly food insecure, but that of India was moderately food insecure. The results further revealed that, various demographic, economic, institutional and health and nutrition factors differently influenced urban food security and urban agriculture. Also, the extent of urban agriculture participation positively influenced food security. It is recommended that, Governments and NGOs interested in the reduction of urban food insecurity should aggressively advocate for urban agriculture in urban households through extension education. Interests could be stimulated by gleaning on health benefits of urban agriculture such as producing safe and nutritious food, the opportunity to consume chemical-free food and pursue urban agriculture as a business. The implication for research is that similar studies can be conducted in other emerging urban cities in Africa and Asia for the advocacy for specific urban food security policies and programmes.
Psychological Violence and Associated Factors Among Housemaid’s in Northwest Ethiopia.
Authors: Azanaw Kefyalew , Gelagay Abebaw Addis , Lakew Ayenew Molla 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: psychological violence often called emotional violence is a form of violence that may result in psychological trauma. Psychological violence can destroy intimate relationships, friendships and even our relationship with us. The majority of human beings may have been a victim of some form of psychological violence at some point of their life. Therefore this study expected to assess the magnitude of Psychological violence and its associated factors among housemaids.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1-30/ 2018. About 688 study participants were selected using cluster sampling. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2.2.6 and analyzed with SPSS version 20 then, mainly analyzed using descriptive statistic and Binary logistic regression.Result: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1-30/ 2018 among 688 randomly selected housemaids. From 688 participated in the study, about 387(56.3%) (95%CI: 52.6 - 60.2) housemaids had experienced at least one form of psychological violence in their life time. From those who had experienced violence, 175(25.4%) (95%CI: 22.1%-28.6%) had experienced in the last 12 months. No formal education (AOR=3.13, 95%CI: 1.76, 5.57), primary education (AOR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.12, 3.90), being rural (AOR=2.04, 95%CI: 1.13, 3.71), and family live situation and alcohol consumption of employers had significant association with housemaid psychological violence. Conclusion: n this study,high prevalence of housemaid psychological violence has been reported. To resolve the problem, it is important to expand information education communication and behavioral change to empower housemaid.
Treatment experience of large intraventricular central neurocytoma: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Chaocai , Yu Lanbing , Hao Shuyu , Fang Yehong , Jia Heyuan , Wang Junling , Ji Nan , Cen Bo , Zhao Jiannong , Gao Zhixian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Central neurocytoma is a rare intracranial tumor. Due to the limited number of reported cases, the treatment strategy for central neurocytomas, especially large central neurocytomas, remains controversial. This paper discusses our clinical experience in the treatment of large central neurocytomas.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 29 patients with intraventricular central neurocytomas diagnosed and treated by the same surgeon between April 2012 and September 2019 at the Neurosurgery Departments of Beijing Tiantan Hospital and Hainan General Hospital was performed. The clinical characteristics, treatment plans and prognoses of these patients were reviewed.Results: Among the 29 patients, the average age of onset was 31.93 (17-61) years, and the average maximum tumor diameter was 54.17 ± 15.62 mm. Twenty-three patients (79.3%) had an average maximum diameter greater than 50 mm. Twenty-seven patients (93.1%) underwent transcortical tumor resection. Twenty-seven patients (93.1%) underwent gross total tumor resection. Five patients (17.2%) received radiotherapy after the first operation, and 3 patients (10.3%) had tumor recurrence. None of the patients died.Conclusions: Surgical resection via transcortical fistulotomy is a reliable approach for removal of large central neurocytomas in the ventricle. Patients should be closely observed postoperatively, and MRI of the head should be performed regularly. If a tumor shows progression, then radiotherapy should be considered.
Response inhibition alterations in migraine: An event-related potential study
Authors: Chen Guoliang , Li Yansong , Zhao Dong , Wang Rongfei , Zhao Dengfa , Obeso Ignacio , Yu Shengyuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Migraine is characterized by a hypersensitivity to environmental stimulation which climaxes during headache attacks but persists during attack-free period. Despite ongoing debates about the nature of the mechanisms giving rise to this abnormality, the presence of deficient inhibitory cortical processes has been proposed to be one possible mechanism underlying its pathogenesis. Empirical evidence supporting this notion is mainly based on previous findings showing functional cortical hyperexcitability in the sensory domain. Considering that a general inhibitory control process can play an important role across early to later stage of information processing, this may in turn indicate the important role other dimensions of inhibitory control can play in migraine disability. To this end, the present study was designed to examine the pathophysiological basis of inhibitiory control that takes place during suppression of prepotent responses.
Methods
Twenty-two patients with migraine without aura (mean age = 30.86 ± 5.69 years; 19 females) during the interictal period and 25 healthy controls (mean age = 30.24 ± 3.52 years; 18 females) were recruited. We employed a stop signal task in combination with event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine participants’ neural activity supporting response inhibition.
Results
Behaviorally, migraineurs exhibited prolonged reaction times to the stop signal relative to healthy controls. At the neural level, the amplitude of the stop-N2, a component of the ERPs related to conflict monitoring during early, non-motoric stages of inhibition, was significantly increased in migraineurs. Meanwhile, the amplitude of the stop-P3, a component of the ERPs reflecting late-stage inhibition of the motor system itself and cognitive evaluation of motor inhibition, was also significantly increased in migraineurs. Moreover, our time-frequency analysis has further revealed increased delta activity in the time window used to extract the mean amplitude of the stop-P3 in migraineurs relative to healthy controls.
Conclusions
Consistent with the theory that cortical hyperexcitability is a key signature of migraine, these findings revealed a decrease in suppressing prepotent responses in migraineurs, which can be attributable to cortical hyperexcitability. These novel findings imply the existence of dysfunctional inhibitory control at later stage of information processing.
A streamlined clinical metagenomic sequencing protocol for rapid pathogen identification
Authors: Jia Xiaofang , Hu Lvyin , Wu Min , Ling Yun , Wang Wei , Lu Hongzhou , Yuan Zhenghong , Yi Zhigang , Zhang Xiaonan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) holds promise as a diagnostic tool for unbiased pathogen identification and precision medicine. However, its medical utility depends largely on the assay simplicity and reproducibility. In the current study, we aimed to develop a streamlined Illumina and Oxford Nanopore-based DNA/RNA library preparation protocol and rapid data analysis pipeline. The Illumina sequencing based mNGS method was first developed and evaluated using a set of samples with known etiology. Its sensitivity for RNA virus (Influenza A, H1N1) was <6.4×102 EID50/mL, and a good correlation between viral loads and mapped reads was observed. Then the rapid turnaround time of Nanopore sequencing was testified by sequencing of an Influenza A virus and Adenoviruses. Further, 11 respiratory swabs or sputum samples pre-tested for a panel of pathogens were analyzed and the pathogens identified by illumina sequencing showed 81.8% concordance with qPCR-based results. Additional sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from HIV-1 positive patients with meningitis/encephalitis detected HIV-1 RNA and toxoplasma gondii sequences. In conclusion, we have developed a simplified protocol which realized facile metagenomic sequencing of a variety of clinical samples and pathogen identification in a clinically meaningful time frame.
Children's Enjoyment, Perceived Competency, and Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity During High-Intensity Interval Training in Physical Education
Authors: Burford Katie , Gillespie Kathryn , Bartholomew John , Jowers Esbelle 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Little is known about children’s experience with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) during elementary school. Perceptions of enjoyment, perceived competence, and motivation are likely to drive long-term adherence and are, therefore, critical to understanding how HIIT might be implemented in this setting. The purpose of this study was to describe children’s physical activity levels, enjoyment, and perceived competency of HIIT activities within a Self-Determination Theory (SDT) framework (autonomy) in elementary school physical education (PE) classes. Methods: Participants were 402 children from a single, diverse elementary school (49.4% female, 59.6% Non-Hispanic white). Student enjoyment and perceived competency were collected following teacher- (non-autonomous) and student- led (autonomous) conditions. A sub-set of 201 children wore accelerometers to measure percent of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). This mixed factorial design was assessed through a series of repeated measures ANOVAs. Results: While children reported generally positive enjoyment and perceived competence in both condition (rating over 4.0 on a 5-point scale), children significantly enjoyed (d = 0.44) and felt more competent (d = 0.12) during the autonomous HIIT condition compared to the nonautonomous HIIT condition. In contrast, the percent of time in MPVA (d=1.09) was significantly lower in the autonomous condition. Conclusions: These data illustrate a challenging trade-off with the design of HIIT trials. Increasing autonomy through the inclusion of student choice increased enjoyment and perceived competence of HIIT, which are likely to improve adherence, but lowered physical activity intensity, which is likely to reduce impact.
Macrophage Therapy Activates Endogenous Muscle Stem Cells and Accelerates Muscle Regeneration
Authors: Castillo Adrián , Rodriguez Ana , Martín Jorge , Ginesta Xavier , Sola Anna , Hotter Georgina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The effects of macrophage therapies on muscle regeneration and stem cell activation after injury remains unclear. This study aims to know the effect of macrophage therapies on muscle l regeneration and endogenous stem cell activation towards new muscleMethods: Adult male Swiss mice were subjected to an injury in the gastrocnemius, close to the myotendinous junction, using a 2-mm biopsy tube. Animals were assigned to the following groups: 1.- Injury; 2.- Injury+ clodronate. Macrophages were depleted 24 hours after injury by clodronate injection. 3. - Injury+ clodronate+ macrophage therapy. Macrophage depleted mice were treated with an intramuscularl injection of 1 million peritoneal macrophages modified with intermittent anoxia reoxygenation. Animals were sacrificed at 4, and 15 days after the injury, (n = 8 per study time). Gene expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and Ki67 as cell proliferating markers, mannose receptor Ecotype 1(MRC1) and Interleukin10(IL-10) as anti-inflammatory markers, PAX7, MYOD as stem cell abundance and activation markers were evaluated by RT-PCR. Immunofluorescence analysis of PAX7, MYOD and histological scores of regeneration were performed. Results: Macrophage depletion provoked an increase in anti-inflammation (IL-10, , MRC1), cell proliferation (Ki67, PCNA) and stem cell abundance(PAX7), indicating that during injury, endogenous macrophages are inducers of inflammation, anti-proliferation and inhibitors of stem cell abundanceAdoptive transfer of intermittent anoxia treated macrophages (M2 macrophages) to previously depleted animals increased cell proliferation (Ki67 and PCNA), stem cell activation (MyoD) and abundance (Pax7). Immunofluorescence revealed increases in positive PAX7 fluorescence, indicating that M2 are inducers of proliferation, anti-inflammation and stem cell proliferation and activation.. Conclusion: This study indicates that infusion of intermittent anoxia treated macrophages to injured muscle reduces inflammation, promotes cell proliferation and stem cell activation and proliferation, leading to muscle regeneration. Intermittent hypoxia/reoxygenation induced macrophages, promote muscle regeneration without the addition of any external inducer agent, which simplifies the process and should allow to obtain a safer regenerative product from a clinical point of view.