bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trust, threats, and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway and Sweden – a comparative survey
Authors: Helsingen Lise , Refsum Erle , Gjøstein Dagrun Kyte , Løberg Magnus , Bretthauer Michael , Kalager Mette , Emilsson Louise 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Norway and Sweden have similar populations and health care systems, but different reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic. Norway closed educational institutions, and banned sports and cultural activities; Sweden kept most institutions and training facilities open. We aimed to compare peoples’ attitudes towards authorities and control measures, and effects on life in Norway and Sweden.Methods Anonymous web-based surveys for individuals age 15 or older distributed through Facebook using the snowball method, in Norway and Sweden from mid-March to mid-April, 2020. The survey contained questions about perceived threat of the pandemic, views on infection control measures, and impact on daily life. We performed descriptive analyses of the responses and compared the two countries.Results 3,508 individuals participated in the survey (Norway 3000; Sweden 508). 79% were women, the majority were 30–49 years (Norway 60%; Sweden 47%), and about 45% of the participants in both countries had more than four years of higher education.
Surgical management of ulnar styloid fractures: comparison of fixation with anchor suture and tension band wire
Authors: Chen Alvin Chao-Yu , Lin Yi-Hsuan , Weng Chun-Jui , Cheng Chun-Ying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Limited reference is available regarding surgical management in symptomatic ulnar styloid fractures with small bony avulsion. The study goal is to report the surgical outcomes using anchor suture fixation with comparison to traditional tension band wire fixation.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records in patients who underwent surgical repair for unilateral ulnar styloid fractures with distal radioulnar instability between 2004 and 2017. A total of 31 patients were enrolled including two kinds of fixation methods. Anchor suture fixation plus distal radioulnar joint pinning was performed in ten patients with tiny avulsion bony fragments (group A); tension band wire fixation was performed in 21 patients with big styloid fracture fragments (group B). Patient characteristics and 2-year treatment outcomes were compared between two groups based on Mayo Modified Wrist Score (MMWS), Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH), visual analog scale (VAS) and surgical complication. Descriptive statistics were used for calculation of key variables; a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Based on Gaulke classification, there were five subtypes in group A and three subtypes in group B. Incidence of concomitant distal radius fractures was significantly higher in group B; other patient characteristics including age, sex, injury side, and time to surgery showed no significant difference. Outcome assessment regarding MMWS, QuickDASH and VAS was comparable between two groups. Bone-related complications including nonunion, DRUJ subluxation and styloid resorption were analyzed; the difference was not significant. Incidence of implant-related complications including migration and secondary removal surgery was significantly higher in group B (p = 0.021). Conclusion: Surgical fixation in symptomatic ulnar styloid fractures yields comparable treatment outcomes in both fracture patterns. Implant-related complication with secondary removal surgery is more common in tension band wire group. Anchor suture fixation is a feasible option for tiny styloid avulsion fragments with limited surgical complication.
Impact of recent influenza A virus infection on clinical characteristics and outcomes in severe coronavirus disease 2019 adult inpatients
Authors: Gao Chang , Yang Xianjun , Chen Long , Xu Hongyang , Liu Jialin , Wang Shanshan , Niu Haitao , Yu Wenkui , Huang Jian-an , Zhang Xiuqin , Shen Bo , Tasdogan Alpaslan , Ubellacker Jessalyn M. , Chen Jiahao , Yang Ling , Zhan Qingyuan , Guo Qiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a current global pandemic. However, impact of recent influenza A virus infection on the clinical course and outcomes of severe COVID-19 adult inpatients needs to be further explored.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, severe, laboratory confirmed COVID-19 adult patients from Wuhan Tongji Hospital were included. Data were obtained from electronic medical records and compared between patients with and without recent influenza A virus infection.Results: 200 patients were included, 51.5% with recent influenza A virus infection. Recent influenza A virus infection group presented with longer persistence of cough and sputum from illness onset (35.0 vs. 27.0 days, P = 0.018) and (33.0 vs. 26.0 days, P = 0.015), respectively. Median time of progression to critical illness from illness onset was shorter (day 11.5 vs. day 16.0, P = 0.034). Time to clinical improvement and length of hospital stay were longer in recent infection group (23.0 vs. 19.0 days, P = 0.044) and (22.0 vs. 18.0 days, P = 0.030), respectively.Conclusions: Patients with recent influenza A virus infection showed a delay in time to clinical improvement and increased length of hospital stay. There is a high clinical need to improve the detection of common respiratory pathogens to identify co-infection during the epidemic of COVID-19.
Omadacycline efficacy against Streptococcus agalactiae&nbsp;isolated in China: in vitro activity, resistance analysis, clonality of MIC distribution, and the correlation between resistance and virulence gene and biofilm formation
Authors: Li Guiqiu , Wei Ying , Guo Yan , Lian Jie , Wu Shaoyuan , Yu Zhijian , Bai Bing , Deng Qiwei , Xu Guangjian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate activity，resistance, clonality of MIC distribution, and the correlation between virulence＆resistance gene and biofilm formation of omadacycline (OMC) in clinical for Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from China.Methods: 162 isolates were collected retrospectively in China from 2018 to 2019. The S. agalactiae were mainly collected from the body's cervical secretions, wound secretions, ear swab, secretions, semen, venous blood, cerebrospinal fluid, pee, urethral discharge, pus, umbilical secretions, wound secretions, reproductive tract secretions, sputum, gastric juice, throat swab, eye secretions and amniotic fluid. The MIC of OMC against S. agalactiae were determined by broth microdilution. Filter paper was used to measure the inhibition zone diameters of OMC and other common antibiotics. D-test detected the incidence of erythromycin resistance to inductively clindamycin. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST)，resistance＆virulence gene of the isolates were investigated using qRT-PCR. Biofilms were detected by crystal violet staining.Results: The OMC MIC of clinical S. agalactiae isolates ranged from ≤0.25 to 0.5 mg/L. 19.7% of the S. agalactiae isolates with an OMC MIC of 0.25 mg/L were found to be sequence type (ST) 17. The S. agalactiae had highly resistant to Minocyclin, Erytromycin, Solithromycin and Clindamycin and the resistance rate of OMA was 13.6%. The positive rate of D-test was 90.74 %. The formation of biofilm was related to scpB gene, and indicated the resistance of OMA may be related to the virulence gene scpB. Conclusion: OMC exhibited better activity against clinical S. agalactiae isolates from China than DOX or MIN, and scpB was related with biofilm formation in OMC- resistance S. agalactiae.
COVID Abdomen: SARS-CoV-2 Infection presenting as 'Acute Abdomen' in a Child
Authors: Periyakaruppan Muthiah , Kumar Sandip , Kandasamy Sasidaran , Thiagarajan Anand , Sangaralingam Thangavelu , Ganapathy Nandhini 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Despite lesser incidence and disease severity of COVID-19 in children, growing evidence of heterogeneity in clinical presentation viz., extra-pulmonary manifestations and inflammatory syndromes emphasize the importance to understand atypical presentations. We describe an 11-year-old boy presented with fever, loose stool, transient maculopapular rash over both feet, severe abdominal pain with guarding suggestive of the acute abdomen that later turned out to be COVID-19 positive in the second RT-PCR swab based on suggestive lab parameters and high clinical suspicion. The child didn't have respiratory symptoms, and both parents were tested negative for COVID. Our case brief depicts one of the uncommon presentations – 'Acute Abdomen' of this novel virus infection in children, unravels the difficulties in reaching the diagnosis and discuss the treatment dilemmas involved in these hyper-inflammatory presentations. We hope this case would sensitize the paediatricians, pediatric surgeons to suspect COVID-19 in such conditions, especially before proceeding for surgical exploration.
Dasatinib loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for effective treatment of corneal neovascularization
Authors: Li Qingqing , Yang Xianwei , Zhang Peipei , Mo Fei , Si Peiru , Kang Ximeng , Wang Menghan , Zhang Jiye 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Corneal neovasularization (CNV) is one of the most important causes of visual impairment worldwide. Dasatinib, a poorly water-soluble tyrosine kinase inhibitor with dual Src family kinase and platelet derived growth factor receptor inhibiting capability, has a great potential in the treatment of CNV. In this study, dasatinib was successfully encapsulated into a nanostructured lipid carrier (dasa-NLC) and the size was approximately 78 nm with a small polydispersity index. The NLC increased the solubility of dasatinib by more than 1220 times, sustained the drug release, reduced the ocular toxicity and facilitated its penetration into the cornea. Dasa-NLC significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVEC cells, the three most important angiogenesis-related cellular changes of the CNV. Next, the in vivo anti-CNV effect of dasa-NLC was evaluated by using an alkaline burned mice CNV model, in which the development of the CNV and pathological changes of the cornea were significantly inhibited. The immunohistochemistry analysis indicated that dasa-NLC could inhibit both the expression and activation of Src family kinase. Therefore, dasa-NLC showed considerable promise in the treatment of CNV.
Prevalence of Osteoarthritis and Health-Related Quality of Life in Stroke Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VII
Authors: Jeong Kil-Yong , Lee Hyun Jung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors affecting the prevalence of osteoarthritis and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of stroke patients from various angles, including demographic factors, socioeconomic factors, comorbidities, and lifestyle factors.Methods: A total of 13,959 patients ≥40 years of age (stroke group n = 416, non-stroke group n = 13,535) were identified from the 2016–2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for analysis. The European quality of life-5 dimensions questionnaire was used to compare the differences in stroke patient’s HRQoL according to the presence or absence of osteoarthritis. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the factors affecting the HRQoL of the stroke group.Results: The prevalence of osteoarthritis was 21.72% in the stroke group and 12.49% in the non-stroke group. The prevalence of osteoarthritis in female patients who had strokes was 35.95% and was significantly higher than that of male patients who had strokes (10.23%). The European quality of life-5 dimensions index indicating HRQoL was significantly lower in stroke group with osteoarthritis. Factors that significantly influenced the HRQoL in the stroke group were the presence of osteoarthritis, aerobic exercise, drinking status, types of health insurance, and educational levels.Conclusions: This study confirmed that the HRQoL was significantly lower in stroke group with osteoarthritis. Findings were taken to suggest that the active management of osteoarthritis in stroke patients are important.
Probiotics Effect on the Immune System
Authors: Ng Jonathan Cho Kin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Probiotics can provide health benefits to an individual by regulation of the immune system. Many clinical trials have found that probiotics can prevent upper respiratory tracts infections.Aim: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of available trials to investigate the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections in individuals of all ages.Methods: A database search was carried out with databases ScienceDirect, Wiley, Springer, Medline and Pubmed. Completed randomised double blind, placebo-controlled trials were selected.Selection criteria: Randomised placebo-controlled trials, with the objective of investigating probiotic effectiveness in preventing URTIs.Results: Five randomised controlled trials were included, as the extracted data could be meta-analysed. This included a total of 785 participants of different age groups, children and adults. It was found that probiotics were better compared to placebo in reducing the number of participants who experienced acute upper respiratory tract infections. Probiotics were found to reduce the mean duration of acute URTI episodes, antibiotic use compared to placebo and URTI or cold related absence. Side effects and adverse effects were found to be minor and not statistically significant.Conclusions: Probiotics were found to be better in reducing the number of participants who experienced acute URTI, the average duration per episode of acute URTI, use of antibiotics in URTI related cases and absence due to URTI. Side effects were found to be minor, making probiotics a good candidate for clinical use. This shows that probiotics are effective in preventing acute URTIs. However, due to limited studies and small sample size, the results are subjected to bias and should be interpreted with care.
Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction analysis for grain yield of early maturing sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] varieties in drought prone areas of Central Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Belay Fantaye , Meresa Hintsa , Syum Shambel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Shortage of widely adapted and high yielding variety is one of the major bottlenecks for production and productivity of sorghum in dry lowlands of Tigray region, northern Ethiopia. A field experiment was conducted during the main seasons of 2017and 2019 at four locations using randomized complete block design with three replications to evaluate the performance of ten early maturing sorghum genotypes for grain yield using AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) model. The combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P≤0.01) genotype (G), environment (E) and genotype × environment interaction (GEI). The significant genotype by environment interaction effects were further partitioned in to two significant interaction principal components by using AMMI model. The AMMI analysis of variance showed that the genotype, environment and interaction sum squares contributed 41.55 %, 28.67 % and 29.78 % to the treatment sum squares for grain yield respectively. In addition the first two IPCAs and interaction residual were significant. The first two IPCAs accounted for a total of 82.20 % of the interaction sum square. The results revealed that the observed yield variation among genotypes were due to genetic potential of genotypes and interaction rather than location differences. The highest yield was obtained from ESH-1 (3276 kg ha-1), while the lowest was from Grana-1 (2094 kg ha-1) and the average grain yield of genotypes was 2462 kg ha-1. Therefore, ESH-1 is selected as the best stable hybrid with consistent yielding performance across the testing environments in dry lowland areas of Abergelle and similar agro-ecologies in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia.
Persistent pneumonic consolidations due to secondary organizing pneumonia in a patient recovering from COVID-19 pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Bae In-Gyu , Hong Kyung-Wook , Yang Jung Wook , Moon Kyunglan , Kim Jong Duk , Ju Sunmi , Cho Min-Chul 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, radiographic pneumonic infiltrates may persist for several weeks, even after viral clearance, thereby making it difficult to decide on an appropriate treatment and infection control strategy.Case presentation: We describe a 46-year-old woman with COVID-19 pneumonia who had persistent radiographic pneumonic infiltration and respiratory symptoms for almost 4 weeks after illness onset, despite viral clearance, and was subsequently diagnosed with secondary organizing pneumonia using video-assisted thoracoscopic lung biopsy. Intravenous methylprednisolone was administered at an initial dose of 50 mg/day (1 mg/kg) for 7 days and was tapered to a dose of prednisolone 30 mg/day following improvement in the patient’s respiratory symptoms and chest radiographic findings. The patient was discharged from the hospital 14 days after initiation of corticosteroid treatment. The dose of prednisolone was tapered to 20 mg/day after a month at the outpatient clinic, with further reduction of pneumonic infiltrations seen in a follow-up CT scan on Day 46 of the illness.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of a pathologically confirmed secondary organizing pneumonia occurring during the convalescent period of COVID-19 pneumonia. Secondary organizing pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia with persistent respiratory symptoms and radiographic pneumonic infiltrations during the recovery phase. In such situations, treatment with steroids may be required, and prolonged isolation of patients with airborne precautions may be unnecessary.
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Xiangliang , Laurent Sarah , Onur Oezguer A. , Kleineberg Nina N. , Fink Gereon R. , Schweitzer Finja , Warnke Clemens 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: To study the frequency of neurological symptoms and complications in COVID-19 patients in a systematic review of the literature. Methods: Relevant studies were identified through electronic explorations of PubMed, medRxiv, and bioRxiv. Besides, three Chinese databases were searched. A snowballing method searching the bibliographies of the retrieved references was applied to identify potentially relevant articles. Articles published within one year prior to April 20th, 2020 were screened with no language restriction imposed. Databases were searched for terms related to SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and neurological manifestations, using a pre-established protocol registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database (ID: CRD42020187994).Results: A total of 2441 articles were screened for relevant content, of which 92 full-text publications were included in the analyses of neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Headache, dizziness, taste and smell dysfunctions, and impaired consciousness were the most frequently described neurological symptoms, the latter more often among patients with a severe or critical disease course. To date, only smaller cohort studies or single cases have reported cerebrovascular events, seizures, meningoencephalitis, and immune-mediated neurological diseases, not suitable for quantitative analysis. Conclusions: The most frequent neurological symptoms reported in association with COVID-19 are non-specific for the infection with SARS-CoV-2. Although SARS-CoV-2 may have the potential to gain direct access to the nervous system, so far, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid in two cases only. Standardized international registries are needed to clarify the clinical relevance of the neuropathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2.
Safety of urologic elective surgery in a Covid-hospital: our experience in Milan
Authors: Blezien Oskar , Signorini Claudia , Guzzo Sonia , Vaccaro Chiara , Molinari Filippo , Vizziello Damiano , Conti Andrea , Carmignani Luca 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose To demonstrate safety of a new internal protocol for patients and health workers adopted for elective urologic surgical activity during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods From March 9 to April 24, 2020 we have retrospectively evaluated 62 patients who underwent elective surgery in the urology department of IRCCS Policlinico San Donato which became a COVID-hospital. We identified non-deferrable patients that needed to be treated within one month. All patients followed a dedicated pathway from the day-hospital till the discharge. Clinical data, nasopharyngeal swabs, chest X-ray, type of anaesthesia, surgical procedure and days of hospitalization were collected. All patients were interviewed 14 days after surgery to check any Covid-related complications.Results The population included 48 (77.42%) men and 14 (22.58%) women, aged between 17 and 88 years old. We performed sixty-four (64) preoperative screenings and two (2) patients were excluded. 47 (75.81%) patients underwent oncological procedures while 15 (24.19%) patients underwent non-oncological surgery. The average hospitalization time was 2.39±2.21 days.After at least 14 postoperative days (25.00±10.35 days), we interviewed all patients to check their conditions. No patients showed symptoms related to COVID-19, except for 2 (3.23%) who manifested coryza, 28 and 35 days after discharge respectively. Neither patients nor hospital workers developed COVID-19 infection.Conclusion The duration of pandemic period is undefined; therefore, our protocol could be considered a good model for every type of surgery and its application could ensure a continuous treatment for non-deferrable conditions, in a safe way for both the patients and health workers.
O bordado Kalocsai: entre significados e ressignificações
Authors: Cabral Kosa Karolina , Pires Teixeira Débora , Morgado Pereira Carolina 
Published: June 2020

Na presente pesquisa analisa-se a ressignificação de um símbolo cultural Húngaro em território brasileiro, o bordado Kalocsai e sua aplicação em artigos do vestuário. Para tanto, foi utilizado como objeto de estudo uma toalha de mesa bordada à mão pela húngara Katalin Kosa, confeccionada no Rio de Janeiro, em 1972, que foi analisada em seus aspectos têxteis, técnicos e simbólicos. Conclui-se que, como um objeto da cultura material, o bordado Kalocsai realizado no Brasil apresenta aspectos têxteis e técnicos semelhantes aos produzidos em seu país de origem, no entanto foi ressignificado, funcionando como um elo cultural, a fim de perpetuar este aspecto que compõe a tradição húngara.