bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased circulating CXCR3 + CCR9+T helper cells are associated with elevated levels of their ligands CXCL10 and CCL25 in the salivary gland of patients with Sjögren’s syndrome to facilitate their concerted migration
Authors: Blokland Sofie L. M. , Kislat Andreas , Homey Bernhard , Smithson Glennda M. , Kruize Aike A. , Radstake Timothy R. D. J. , van Roon Joel A. G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCCR9 + T helper (Th) cells can induce Sjögren‐like symptoms in mice and both CCR9 + Th cells and their ligand CCL25 are increased in the salivary glands of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients. Increased circulating CCR9 + Th cells are present in pSS patients. CCR9 + Th cells are hyperresponsive to IL‐7, secrete high levels of IFN‐γ, IL‐21, IL‐17 and IL‐4 and potently stimulate B cells in both patients and healthy individuals. Our aim was to study co‐expression of chemokine receptors on CCR9 + Th cells and whether in pSS this might differentially affect CCR9 + Th cell frequencies. Frequencies of circulating CCR9 + and CCR9‐ Th cells co‐expressing CXCR3, CCR4, CCR6 and CCR10 were studied in pSS patients and healthy controls. CCL25, CXCL10, CCL17, CCL20 and CCL27 mRNA and protein expression of salivary gland tissue of pSS and non‐Sjögren's sicca (non‐SS) patients was assessed. Chemotaxis assays were performed to study migration induced by CXCL10 and CCL25. Higher expression of CXCR3, CCR4 and CCR6 but not CCR10 was observed on CCR9 + Th cells as compared to cells lacking CCR9. Decreased frequencies of circulating memory CCR9 + CXCR3+ Th cells were found in pSS patients, which was most pronounced in the effector memory subset. Increased salivary gland CCL25 and CXCL10 expression significantly correlated and both ligands functioned synergistically based on in vitro induced chemotaxis. Decreased memory CXCR3 + CCR9+ Th cells in blood of pSS patients may be due to a concerted action of overexpressed ligands at the site of inflammation in the salivary glands facilitating their preferential migration and positioning in the lymphocytic infiltrates.
Toward an organic policy sociology
Authors: Graizbord Diana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccording to many, sociology is facing a crisis of relevance. Of particular concern is sociology's inability to impact policy. Sociologists, who should be the go‐to on major policy issues have been sidelined as other social scientists take up roles as policy advisors. Recent efforts aimed at encouraging public engagement have focused on disseminating research and producing more policy‐relevant knowledge. These are welcome resources, but they reflect a deep ambivalence toward policy sociology and a tendency to conflate participation in public discussions with policy impact. In contrast, this essay draws on recent findings about the power of policy experts to develop an organic policy sociology. Organic policy sociology depends on co‐designing and carrying out research with policymakers with whom we share critical and professional commitments. By working collaboratively with policymakers, sociologists can foster equity‐promoting policy, change how policymakers understand social problems, and improve how citizens experience policy on the ground. To that end, I offer six orienting strategies for developing and maintaining organic policy sociology projects, from finding the right partner to assessing the impact of our work.
Antenatal care and skilled delivery service utilisation in Somali pastoral communities of Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Umer A. , Zinsstag J. , Schelling E. , Tschopp R. , Hattendof J. , Osman K. , Yuya M. , Ame A. , Zemp E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess maternal health care service utilisation and associated factors in Somali pastoral communities of eastern Ethiopia.MethodsCommunity‐based cross‐sectional study complemented by qualitative assessments in Adadle district, Somali region, eastern Ethiopia, among 450 women in six kebeles from August to September 2016. Logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with antenatal care use and skilled delivery care use, controlling for confounders.ResultsAbout 27% [95%CI 22.8–31.2%] of women used antenatal care, and 22.6% [95%CI 18.7–26.5%] received skilled delivery service. None of the respondents reported post‐natal care. About 43% reported that they had no knowledge of antenatal care, and 46% did not perceive delivery at a health facility as important. Pastoral lifestyle, husband’s educational status, women’s attitude towards health care service and financial support from the husband were significantly associated with antenatal care utilisation. Health professionals’ attitudes, perceptions of institutional delivery, antenatal care utilisation and information about exemptions from maternal health care fees were associated with skilled delivery service utilisation.ConclusionImproving community awareness of antenatal care, employing female health professionals and culturally adapted guidelines could improve skilled delivery utilisation. In a patriarchal society, involving male partners in all maternal health issues is essential to increase use of maternal health services and to decrease maternal mortality.
The cloning and characterization of hypersensitive to salt stress mutant, affected in quinolinate synthase, highlights the involvement of NAD in stress‐induced accumulation of ABA and proline
Authors: Wei Ming , Zhuang Yong , Li Hui , Li Penghui , Huo Heqiang , Shu Dan , Huang Weizao , Wang Songhu 
Published: November 2019

SummaryNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a ubiquitous coenzyme, is required for many physiological reactions and processes. However, it remains largely unknown how NAD affects plant response to salt stress. We isolated a salt‐sensitive mutant named hypersensitive to salt stress (hss) from an ethyl methanesulfonate‐induced mutation population. A point mutation was identified by MutMap in the encoding region of Quinolinate Synthase (QS) gene required for the de novo synthesis of NAD. This point mutation caused a substitution of amino acid in the highly‐conserved NadA domain of QS, resulting in an impairment of NAD biosynthesis in the mutant. Molecular and chemical complementation have restored the response of the hss mutant to salt stress, indicating that the decreased NAD contents in the mutant were responsible for its hypersensitivity to salt stress. Furthermore, the endogenous levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and proline were also reduced in stress‐treated hss mutant. The application of ABA or proline could alleviate stress‐induced oxidative damage of the mutant and partially rescue its hypersensitivity to salt stress, but not affect NAD concentration. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the NadA domain of QS is important for NAD biosynthesis, and NAD participates in plant response to salt stress by affecting stress‐induced accumulation of ABA and proline.
Iris biopsy to investigate feline iris hyperpigmentation
Authors: Featherstone Heidi J. , Scurrell Emma J. , Rhodes Mike , Pinheiro de Lacerda Rodrigo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the benefit of iris biopsy in cats with iris hyperpigmentation to differentiate melanosis from early feline diffuse iris melanoma (FDIM).MethodsThe medical records of cats with unilateral iris hyperpigmentation that had undergone iris biopsy between February 2013 and September 2016 at Willows Veterinary Centre & Referral Service were reviewed.ResultsSeven cats with unilateral iris hyperpigmentation were included in this retrospective study. The biopsy procedure was performed under general anesthesia (n = 7) with neuromuscular blockade (n = 6) following pre‐operative topical miotic therapy (n = 5). One to six biopsy samples per eye were harvested from areas of hyperpigmentation. The samples were partial thickness (n = 4 eyes) and full thickness (n = 3 eyes). Complications were minor: mild intra‐operative hemorrhage (n = 4), fibrin clot (n = 2), corneal ulcer (n = 1), post‐operative ocular hypertension (n = 1), dyscoria (n = 1), and pseudopolycoria (n = 2). The first biopsy was diagnostic in six cats; a repeat biopsy was necessary in one cat. Histopathology was consistent with melanosis in five cats and with early FDIM in two cats. Screening for signs of metastatic disease (thoracic computed tomography and abdominal ultrasonography) was negative in the two cats with a preliminary diagnosis of early FDIM. Subsequent enucleation and histopathology confirmed the initial diagnosis in both cases.ConclusionsIris biopsy in cats with iris hyperpigmentation can be beneficial to differentiate melanosis from early FDIM and thereby help to justify the decision for early enucleation.
A retrospective analysis of lipid‐laden aqueous humor in dogs: Thirty cases
Authors: Schechtmann Simone A. , Stine Jessica M. , Miller Thomas R. , Welihozkiy Anja , Michau Tammy M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical presentation and outcome of canine patients that present with lipid‐laden aqueous humor (LLA) and to evaluate its association with other ocular and systemic disorders.MethodsMedical records were identified and reviewed of 30 dogs presenting with clinical signs of LLA between 2013 and 2017 and compared to the canine referral population during the same time period. The percentage of dogs affected by LLA and potential risk factors were compared between groups.ResultsThere were 40 eyes in 30 dogs with LLA out of 8011 (0.4%) referrals. The mean age of dogs with LLA was significantly younger than dogs without LLA (P = .0334). Sex was not associated with LLA. Miniature Schnauzers were more likely to have LLA than mixed breeds (P < .0001). Incidence of LLA was significantly higher in eyes also affected by corneal ulceration (P = .0018) or phacoemulsification (P = .0001). Sixty‐two percent and 51% of dogs with LLA had concurrent diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia, respectively. Average triglyceride level of dogs with LLA was 1087 mg/dL (±544) (reference 50‐150 mg/dL) and average cholesterol level was 575 mg/dL (±232) (reference 125‐300 mg/dL). Complete resolution of LLA was achieved in all dogs re‐examined with an average of 20.2 days (range 4‐175 days) after diagnosis. There were 6/30 dogs lost to follow‐up. Recurrence of LLA occurred at least once in 4/24 dogs (16.7%) after resolution.ConclusionsLipid‐laden aqueous humor occurs more frequently in Miniature Schnauzers. Corneal ulceration and phacoemulsification are risk factors. Complete resolution was seen in all cases with a low incidence of recurrence.
Comfortable environment for blood donation lowers the rate of vasovagal reactions
Authors: Hashizume Tatsuma , Ishimaru Fumihiko , Kondo Gaku , Namba Noriko , Miura Yoshiko , Aota Seiko , Nishitani Yumiko , Kunii Noriko , Misawa Hiromi , Shibata Reiko , Sawamura Yoshihiro , Matsuzaki Koji , Nakajima Kazunori , Kato Tsuneo 
Published: November 2019

Background and ObjectivesTo evaluate the possible effects of environmental surroundings on blood donor reactions, we analysed vasovagal reaction rates before and after renovation of the Yurakucho Blood Donation Center in Tokyo.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study based on data stored in a computerized database. The vasovagal reaction rates associated with blood donation during two separate 3‐year periods were compared, that is prior to (October 2007 to September 2010) and after (October 2010 to September 2013) the renovation of the Yurakucho Blood Donation Center. The renovation included the following interventions: (1) expansion of the phlebotomy area from 188·0 to 322·4 m2 to accommodate 22 beds; (2) expansion of the reception/lounge area from 155·2 to 267·1 m2 with modification for a more relaxed atmosphere; and 3) addition of well‐controlled air conditioning.ResultsThe total reaction rate decreased from 0·65% (1302 reactions/200 181 donations) to 0·32% (606 reactions/191 966 donations) before and after the renovation, respectively, representing a 51% reduction (P < 0·001). During the pre‐intervention period, reaction rates in winter were higher than those in other seasons, and the reaction rate was correlated with room temperature. It was also suggested that environmental factors other than room temperature might play an important role. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors demonstrated that the male gender was the strongest favourable factor and young age was the next to strongest favourable factor.ConclusionOur results suggest that providing a comfortable environment for blood donation may lead to fewer vasovagal reactions.
Beam steering performance of bent silicon crystals irradiated with high-intensity and high-energy protons
Authors: Scandale W. , Calviani M. , D’Andrea M. , Esposito L. S. , Garattini M. , Gilardoni S. , Montesano S. , Natochii A. , Rossi R. , Smirnov G. I. , Martin C. L. Torregrosa , Zhovkovska V. , Bagli E. , Bandiera L. , Guidi V. , Mazzolari A. , Romagnoni M. , Murtas F. , Galluccio F. , Addesa F. , Iacoangeli F. , Kovalenko A. D. , Taratin A. M. , Gavrikov Yu. A. , Ivanov Yu. M. , Koznov M. A. , Malkov M. V. , Malyarenko L. G. , Mamunct I. G. , Borg J. , James T. , Hall G. , Pesaresi M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBeam steering performance of bent silicon crystals irradiated with high-intensity and high-energy protons has been studied. In particular, crystals of the type used for collimation and extraction purposes in the Large Hadron Collider and the Super Proton Synchrotron at CERN have been irradiated at the HiRadMat CERN facility with $$2.5 \times 10^{13}$$2.5×1013 440 GeV/c protons, with a pulse length of 7.2 $$\upmu $$μs. The purpose is to study possible changes in bending angle and channeling efficiency due to thermo-mechanical stresses in case of accidental irradiation during accelerator operations. A comparison between measurements performed before and after the irradiation does not show any appreciable performance reduction in either crystal.
Characteristics of Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Older Adults: A National Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lv Fang , Cai Xiaoling , Hu Dayi , Pan Changyu , Zhang Danyi , Xu Jie , Ji Linong 
Published: November 2019

Aim. To investigate the metabolic profiles of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (NEW2D) in Chinese older adults (≥65 years) and assess the proportion of patients who achieved the targeted goals of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid. Methods. NEW2D study was an observational, longitudinal, prospective cohort study involving patients who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D) within the past 6 months and had a follow-up of 12 months. Participants were divided into younger NEW2D group (aged 20-65 years old) and older NEW2D group (aged ≥65 years old) according to age of diabetes onset. The baseline metabolic profiles were compared and the proportion of patients achieving adequate control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids in reference to target goals were assessed during treatment. Results. The older NEW2D (n=1362) had a lower BMI, HbA1c%, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol, higher systolic blood pressure, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels at baseline. 47.8%, 66.7%, and 39.4% reached the target of HbA1c<7.0%, BP<140/90 mmHg, and LDL−C<2.6 mmol/L, respectively. After 12 months, the proportion achieving above three targets increased to 70.2%, 76.1%, and 47.5%, respectively. The proportions of patients achieving three combined therapeutic targets doubled from 13.5% to 26.7%. Conclusion. The older NEW2D patients have special metabolic profiles compared with younger patients. The control of cardiovascular disease risk factors was suboptimal in older adults with type 2 diabetes.
Estudo retrospectivo de fatores de risco materno, pré e perinatal para paralisia cerebral na rede pública de saúde
Authors: Felice Thamires Máximo Neves , Santos Jair Licio Ferreira , Pfeifer Luzia Iara 
Published: November 2019

Estudo retrospectivo. Objetivo: Verificar os fatores de risco para paralisia cerebral no período de 5 anos (2010-2014) no município de Ribeirão Preto – SP, buscando identificar a proporção de crianças nascidas na rede pública e que foram identificadas como apresentando risco de atraso de desenvolvimento e, dentre estas, as diagnosticadas com paralisia cerebral, além de identificar os fatores de riscos mais prevalentes e associá-los ao diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral contribuindo, desta forma, para o desenvolvimento de estratégias locais de prevenção e assistência no município. Metodologia: A coleta de dados identificou os bebês de risco e os riscos materno, pré e perinatais nos prontuários das crianças que frequentaram o serviço de referência, onde o desfecho final era o diagnóstico de paralisia cerebral Foram realizadas análises descritivas e testes de associação. Resultados: Dos nascidos vivos no período, 23,3% foram considerados com risco de atraso do desenvolvimento. Foram analisados 481 prontuários e em 76,92% não havia informação da saúde prévia da mãe e a maioria não planejou a gravidez. Cerca de 65% das crianças apresentavam indícios de alterações neurológicas e 73,4% tiveram alta por abandono. Conclusão: O estudo identificou as crianças que tiveram risco de atraso e verificou os riscos mais frequentes e o perfil das características pré e perinatais. Devido ao número de altas por abandono, não foi possível verificar o desfecho, comprometendo as análises de associação, estimativa da prevalência de paralisia cerebral e uma intervenção mais direcionada no período de maior neuroplasticidade e melhor prognóstico, sendo necessárias adequações no serviço.
A política de produção das áreas verdes municipais: análise histórica e projetual
Authors: Casimiro Matheus De Vasconcelos , Lima Ana Gabriela Godinho 
Published: November 2019

A partir do século XX, a Administração Municipal de São Paulo passou a formular planos que norteavam a política para as áreas verdes públicas. Neste artigo discutimos as modificações observadas em duas experiências distintas, ocorridas, respectivamente, em 1974 e 2014. A análise desdobra-se em duas perspectivas: 1. com base em indicadores históricos, fundamentada na leitura de documentos oficiais; e 2. a partir de indicadores projetuais, nos quais são examinadas as práticas projetuais dos arquitetos envolvidos em cada experiência analisada. Para tanto, são descritos os modos como os indicadores foram formulados, bem como seu emprego nesta análise. Os resultados mostram uma tendência histórica de ênfase progressiva nos valores de conservação e recuperação ambiental, e diminuição da importância do papel social dos parques e áreas verdes urbanas, levando a modificações significativas na função do projeto arquitetônico para essas áreas.
Impact of Sapien 3 Balloon-Expandable Versus Evolut R Self-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Deharo Pierre , Bisson Arnaud , Herbert Julien , Lacour Thibaud , Saint Etienne Christophe , Grammatico-Guillon Leslie , Porto Alizée , Collart Frederic , Bourguignon Thierry , Cuisset Thomas , Fauchier Laurent 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Two competing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) technologies are currently available. Head-to-head comparisons of the relative performances of these 2 devices have been published. However, long-term clinical outcome evaluation remains limited by the number of patients analyzed, in particular, for recent-generation devices.

Methods:
Based on the French administrative hospital-discharge database, the study collected information for all consecutive patients treated with a TAVR device commercialized in France between 2014 and 2018. Propensity score matching was used for the analysis of outcomes during follow-up. The objective of this study was to analyze the outcomes of TAVR according to Sapien 3 balloon-expandable (BE) versus Evolut R self-expanding TAVR technology at a nationwide level in France.

Results:

A total of 31 113 patients treated with either Sapien 3 BE or Evolut R self-expanding TAVR were found in the database. After matching on baseline characteristics, 20 918 patients were analyzed (10 459 in each group with BE or self-expanding valves). During follow-up (mean [SD], 358 [384]; median [interquartile range], 232 [10–599] days), BE TAVR was associated with a lower yearly incidence of all-cause death (relative risk, 0.88; corrected
P
=0.005), cardiovascular death (relative risk, 0.82; corrected
P
=0.002), and rehospitalization for heart failure (relative risk, 0.84; corrected
P
<0.0001). BE TAVR was also associated with lower rates of pacemaker implantation after the procedure (relative risk, 0.72; corrected
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions:
On the basis of the largest cohort available, we observed that Sapien 3 BE valves were associated with lower rates of all-cause death, cardiovascular death, rehospitalization for heart failure, and pacemaker implantation after a TAVR procedure.
Metastable Atrial State Underlies the Primary Genetic Substrate for MYL4 Mutation-Associated Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ghazizadeh Zaniar , Kiviniemi Tuomas , Olafsson Sigurast , Plotnick David , Beerens Manu E. , Zhang Kun , Gillon Leah , Steinbaugh Michael J. , Barrera Victor , Sui Shannan Ho , Werdich Andreas A. , Kapur Sunil , Eranti Antti , Gunn Jarmo , Jalkanen Juho , Airaksinen Juhani , Kleber Andre G. , Hollmén Maija , MacRae Calum A. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinical arrhythmia and is associated with heart failure, stroke, and increased mortality. The myocardial substrate for AF is poorly understood because of limited access to primary human tissue and mechanistic questions around existing in vitro or in vivo models.

Methods:

Using an
MYH6:mCherry
knock-in reporter line, we developed a protocol to generate and highly purify human pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes displaying physiological and molecular characteristics of atrial cells. We modeled human
MYL4
mutants, one of the few definitive genetic causes of AF. To explore non–cell-autonomous components of AF substrate, we also created a zebrafish
Myl4
knockout model, which exhibited molecular, cellular, and physiologic abnormalities that parallel those in humans bearing the cognate mutations.

Results:

There was evidence of increased retinoic acid signaling in both human embryonic stem cells and zebrafish mutant models, as well as abnormal expression and localization of cytoskeletal proteins, and loss of intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + hydrogen. To identify potentially druggable proximate mechanisms, we performed a chemical suppressor screen integrating multiple human cellular and zebrafish in vivo endpoints. This screen identified Cx43 (connexin 43) hemichannel blockade as a robust suppressor of the abnormal phenotypes in both models of MYL4 (myosin light chain 4)–related atrial cardiomyopathy. Immunofluorescence and coimmunoprecipitation studies revealed an interaction between MYL4 and Cx43 with altered localization of Cx43 hemichannels to the lateral membrane in
MYL4
mutants, as well as in atrial biopsies from unselected forms of human AF. The membrane fraction from MYL4-/- human embryonic stem cell derived atrial cells demonstrated increased phospho-Cx43, which was further accentuated by retinoic acid treatment and by the presence of risk alleles at the Pitx2 locus. PKC (protein kinase C) was induced by retinoic acid, and PKC inhibition also rescued the abnormal phenotypes in the atrial cardiomyopathy models.

Conclusions:
These data establish a mechanistic link between the transcriptional, metabolic and electrical pathways previously implicated in AF substrate and suggest novel avenues for the prevention or therapy of this common arrhythmia.