bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a Combination of Three-Dimensional Virtual Reality and Hands-on Horticultural Therapy on Institutionalized Older Adults’ Physical and Mental Health: Quasi-Experimental Design
Authors: Lin Tsung-Yi , Huang Chiu-Mieh , Hsu Hsiao-Pei , Liao Jung-Yu , Cheng Vivian Ya-Wen , Wang Shih-Wen , Guo Jong-Long 
Published: August 2020

Background
Institutionalized older adults have limited ability to engage in horticultural activities that can improve their physical and mental health.

Objective
This study explored the effects of a combination of 3D virtual reality and horticultural therapy on institutionalized older adults’ physical and mental health.

Methods
The study used a quasi-experimental design. A total of 106 older adults from 2 long-term care facilities were recruited and assigned to the experimental (n=59) or control (n=47) group. The experimental participants received a 9-week intervention. Both groups completed 3 assessments: at baseline, after the intervention, and 2 months later. The outcome variables included health status, meaning in life, perceived mattering, loneliness, and depression.

Results
The experimental group demonstrated significantly improved health status (P<.001), meaning in life (P<.001), and perceived mattering (P<.001) as well as significantly reduced depression (P<.001) and loneliness (P<.001) compared to the control group immediately after the intervention; these effects persisted for up to 2 months.

Conclusions
This study verified the beneficial effects of a combination of 3D virtual reality and hands-on horticultural therapy on older adults’ health. These results could support the future successful implementation of similar programs for institutionalized older adults on a larger scale.
Determinants of Scale-up From a Small Pilot to a National Electronic Immunization Registry in Vietnam: Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Dang Huyen , Dao Sang , Carnahan Emily , Kawakyu Nami , Duong Hong , Nguyen Trung , Nguyen Doan , Nguyen Linh , Rivera Maya , Ngo Tuan , Werner Laurie , Nguyen Nga 
Published: August 2020

Background
Digital health innovations can improve health system performance, yet previous experience has shown that many innovations do not advance beyond the pilot stage to achieve scale. Vietnam’s National Immunization Information System (NIIS) began as a series of digital health pilots, first initiated in 2010, and was officially launched nationwide in 2017. The NIIS is one of the few examples of an electronic immunization registry (EIR) at national scale in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective
The aim of this study was to understand the determinants of scale-up of the national EIR in Vietnam.

Methods
This qualitative study explored the facilitators and barriers to national scale-up of the EIR in Vietnam. Qualitative data were collected from October to December 2019 through in-depth key informant interviews and desk review. The mHealth Assessment and Planning for Scale (MAPS) Toolkit guided the development of the study design, interview guides, and analytic framework. MAPS defines the key determinants of success, or the “axes of scale,” to be groundwork, partnerships, financial health, technology and architecture, operations, and monitoring and evaluation.

Results
The partnership and operations axes were critical to the successful scale-up of the EIR in Vietnam, while the groundwork and monitoring and the evaluation axes were considered to be strong contributors in the success of all the other axes. The partnership model leveraged complementary strengths of the technical working group partners: the Ministry of Health General Department of Preventive Medicine, the National Expanded Program on Immunization, Viettel (the mobile network operator), and PATH. The operational approach to introducing the NIIS with lean, iterative, and integrated training and supervision was also a key facilitator to successful scale-up. The financial health, technology and architecture, and operations axes were identified as barriers to successful deployment and scale-up. Key barriers to scale-up included insufficient estimates of operational costs, unanticipated volume of data storage and transmission, lack of a national ID to support interoperability, and operational challenges among end users. Overall, the multiple phases of EIR deployment and scale-up from 2010 to 2017 allowed for continuous learning and improvement that strengthened all the axes and contributed to successful scale-up.

Conclusions
The results highlight the importance of the measured, iterative approach that was taken to gradually expand a series of small pilots to nationwide scale. The findings from this study can be used to inform other countries considering, introducing, or in the process of scaling an EIR or other digital health innovations.
Releituras de Gilberto Freyre pelo cinema brasileiro
Authors: Zan Vitor 
Published: August 2020

Críticos, cineastas e acadêmicos fazem incontáveis referências ao livro Casa-grande & Senzalaao comentarem filmes como O som ao redor, Doméstica, Que horas ela volta?e Aquarius. Entretanto, a maioria dessas alusões não condiz com a perspectiva de Gilberto Freyre, e tampouco leva em conta aquilo que distancia os filmes do pensamento do sociólogo. Restringindo-se à esfera do conteúdo, tais aproximações deixam inexploradas uma vasta gama de correspondências possíveis.
Uma sinfonia silenciosa: A cidade contemporânea segundo Harun Farocki
Authors: Flores Luís , Guimarães César 
Published: August 2020

Em Contra-música (2004), ao elaborar uma singular figuração da cidade de Lille, o cineasta Harun Farocki põe em questão a superfície visível que hoje constitui o espaço urbano, construída com os novos recursos das tele-tecnologias. Em contraste com as sinfonias pioneiras compostas por Vertov e Ruttman, essa nova partitura contemporânea baseia-se não mais na multiplicidade dos desejos e dos gestos daqueles que percorrem e habitam a cidade, mas nas imagens que correm silenciosas nas veias de um organismo monitorado pelas câmeras que o perscrutam. Esvaziadas de sentido, reduzidas a operações técnicas ou a esquemas numéricos, tais imagens perdem a potência da invenção (cinematográfica) e acumulam-se incessantemente umas sobre as outras, produzidas pelo olhar maquínico das câmeras de vigilância. Neste artigo, buscamos compreender as peculiaridades do espaço urbano mapeado por Farocki e de que maneira seu trabalho de montagem restitui às imagens da cidade uma secreta dose de legibilidade.
Bone Mass and Density in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and Healthy Weight
Authors: Kindler Joseph M. , Kelly Andrea , Khoury Philip R. , Levitt Katz Lorraine E. , Urbina Elaine M. , Zemel Babette S. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
Youth-onset type 2 diabetes is an aggressive condition with increasing incidence. Adults with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk despite normal areal bone mineral density (aBMD), but the influence of diabetes on the growing skeleton is unknown. We compared bone health in youth with type 2 diabetes to control patients with obesity or healthy weight.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Cross-sectional study of youth (56% African American, 67% female) ages 10–23 years with type 2 diabetes (n = 180), obesity (BMI &gt;95th; n = 226), or healthy weight (BMI &lt;85th; n = 238). Whole-body (less head) aBMD and lean mass as well as abdominal visceral fat were assessed via DXA. Lean BMI (LBMI) and aBMD SD scores (z scores) were computed using published reference data.

RESULTS
We observed age-dependent differences in aBMD and LBMI z scores between the healthy weight, obese, and type 2 diabetes groups. In children, aBMD and LBMI z scores were greater in the type 2 diabetes group versus the obese group, but in adolescents and young adults, aBMD and LBMI z scores were lower in the type 2 diabetes group versus the obese group (age interactions P &lt; 0.05). In the type 2 diabetes group and the obese group, aBMD was about 0.5 SDs lower for a given LBMI z score compared with healthy weight control patients (P &lt; 0.05). Further, aBMD was lower in those with greater visceral fat (β = −0.121, P = 0.047).

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that type 2 diabetes may be detrimental to bone density around the age of peak bone mass. Given the increased fracture risk in adults with type 2 diabetes, there is a pressing need for longitudinal studies aimed at understanding the influence of diabetes on the growing skeleton.
Content Analysis of Primary School Mathematics Textbooks and its Relationship with Pupils Achievement
Authors: Aperar Singh Parmjit Singh , Mohd Yusoff NurulHudha , Teoh Sian Hoon 
Published: August 2020

Malaysia has undergone several changes in its education policy from KBSR to KSSR over the decades and the changes in school textbooks follow suit. The current KSSR Math textbooks used were developed in 2014/15 and millions of Ringgits has been spent by the government to provide quality education for all. However, the findings from International studies such as TIMSS and PISA have shown a low level of attainment, especially in word problems, among Malaysian pupils in the learning of mathematics. Is there a possibility that this low attainment in mathematics education in schools, among other factors, have something to do with the content analysis of the textbook’s pupils use in the classroom? A three-phase descriptive-correlational content analysis design was utilized for the study. In the first phase of the research, a total of eleven mathematics texts (4 textbooks and 7 activity books) from Primary One to Primary Four were analyzed according to eleven types of categories as modelled by the Van de Walle (1998) framework. The findings show that the problem categories were not represented in a systematic manner throughout Year One to Year Four mathematics texts. Some categories were overrepresented while others were underrepresented. The next phase finding depicts a significant relationship between pupils’ achievement in the Word Problem Test categories and the distribution of word problem categories across all grade levels. In other words, results showed that pupils face more difficulty on the problems that were underrepresented and least difficulty that were overrepresented. As mathematics syllabuses in KSSR keep expanding and focus more on high order thinking skills among pupils, it is important to make sure that the sources are well prepared for the cause. Therefore, the curriculum and textbook developer should consider taking input from research to provide up to date information related to curriculum matters and in this case to the variety of word problem categories in ration that benefit pupils across levels.
The Effects of Perceived Leadership Styles and Emotional Intelligence on Attitude toward Organizational Change among Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Ahmad Mukhtar Nusrah , Yuen Fook Chan 
Published: August 2020

This study employed a descriptive-correlational research design to investigate the relationships of perceived leadership styles and emotional intelligence on attitude toward organizational change in Malaysian secondary school context. The study involved a total of 360 teachers chosen randomly from five secondary schools in Selangor. The study was conducted based on the three-stage planned change from Lewin’s (1947). This study only focuses on the unfreezing stage as a guide to study the potential relationships of the three research variables. In this study, the leadership styles were derived from Bass and Avolio’s (2000) model of transformational and transactional leadership, while emotional intelligence has been referred to Wong and Law’s (2002) theory. However, the dependent variable of attitude toward organizational change was referred to Dunham, Grube, Gardner, Cummings & Pierce (1989). The conceptual framework of this study proposed an impact of leadership styles and emotional intelligence on the attitude toward organizational change. The correlation analysis shows that leadership styles and emotional intelligence are positively linked to attitude toward organizational change. Basically, the findings have practical implications toward the improvement of principals’ leadership and enhancement of emotional intelligence of teachers. Besides, it also has implications on the attitude toward organizational change in Malaysian education system.
Moderating Effects of Student Motivation on the Relationship between Learning Styles and Student Engagement
Authors: Mat Halif Mazuin , Hassan Narehan , Sumardi Nur Athirah , Shekh Omar Aida , Ali Sharrifah , Abdul Aziz Rozilah , Abdul Majid Afiza , Salleh Nor Fazalina 
Published: August 2020

This research examined both the relationship and the effects of learning styles and student engagement at three selected Universiti Teknologi MARA, (UiTM) Malaysia state campuses using the VARK learning style model. The effects of students’ learning styles and their relationships to classroom engagement were analyzed. Three categories of students’ majors which were Social Science (SS), Technical Science (TS) and Pure Science (PS) were segregated to identify the moderating effects of student motivation on the relationship between learning styles and student engagement. The results revealed that only visual learning style was found to influence all three dimensions (behavioral, cognitive and emotional) elements of student engagement. These results also showed that visual learners had higher classroom engagement as opposed to both auditory and kinesthetic learners. It was also reported that all elements of student motivation (achievement, recognition, relationship with peers and relationship with lecturers) did significantly moderate the relationship between learning styles and student engagement. It is recommended that instructors should employ varieties of teaching methods to encourage student engagement according to their fields of study. It is further suggested that motivation should be enriched among students to yield higher student classroom engagement.
Keywords: Homogenous Group, Learning Styles, Student Engagement, University Students,
The Role of Relatedness in Student Learning Experiences
Authors: Yusof Norhafezah , Awang-Hashim Rosna , Kaur Amrita , Abdul Malek Marzura , Suppiah Shanmugam S. Kanageswari , Abdul Manaf Nor Aziah , Seow Voon Yee Angelina , Zubairi Ainol Madziah 
Published: August 2020

Failure in addressing students’ needs in the context of student learning experiences may lead to negative impact on the image of higher education. Framed in self-determination theory, this study examined students’ relatedness on most satisfying experiences in their respective universities. Participants’ (N=1974) responses to open-ended questions were inductively coded to understand relatedness principles of student learning experiences to emerge from the data. The findings revealed that students valued the role of lecturers in professional and personal contexts, peers for friendship and teamwork and academic and non-academic experiences resulted from projects and activities. Given this, to provide a positive learning environment for students, university management needs to address and support lecturers’ well-being, pay attention to student relations on campus and support academic and non-academic activities. By understanding the roles of connecting students to lecturers, students to students and students to administrative staff, we could build a dynamic and functional campus environment for each party to live and care about each other.
Keywords: Learning environment, Learning experience, Relatedness, Student engagement
Gendered Teaching Identities and Chinese Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of Teacher Efficacy in the English Language Classroom
Authors: Lovett Trevor 
Published: August 2020

This qualitative narrative study asked Chinese undergraduate students to identify characteristics of teacher effectiveness and whether or not gender affected an individual’s teaching performance. The investigation raises questions about ways in which teachers’ contemporary classroom practices are evaluated. The research findings not only challenge current market-oriented teacher competency models but also contradict previous studies concerning the effects of gender on teaching efficacy. The study revealed the teacher character traits that this particular cohort of students considered the most influential on their learning.
Keywords: competency, good teachers, narrative, neoliberalism, Chinese students
Crisis Management at the Commune Level in Poland
Authors: Bąk Tomasz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the issues of crisis management at the community level in Poland. It contained information on a number of hazards caused by rapid technological development, frequent weather anomalies, or progressive degradation of the natural environment. It was noticed that due to constantly changing threats, the crisis management process was being evaluated. This situation requires a well-organized crisis management system at every administrative level. It was emphasized that crisis management was the activity of public administration bodies as part of managing national security.
The A2/AD Concept in the Fifth Operational Domain
Authors: Bobric George-Daniel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the last decade, the world has faced a major change of the security balance, new directions of action being drawn by the main actors of the global scene. States are trying to expand their spheres of influence, to invest in research and technological development, especially to achieve the military superiority in different operational domains, to train their armies following the evolution of the security environment and the changing trends of conducting the armed struggle and to improve their military capabilities to gain or to maintain control over certain areas of interest. This is why, in the last years, the states have invested in military assets that can assure a complete implementation of the anti-access/area denial concept. Starting from the ideas that the A2/AD concept can be applied to all operational environments and that the cyberspace is the fifth domain of the armed struggle, in this paper, after a short glance at the increased interest of three powerful countries in this particular concept, a fastidious excogitation on it will be performed in the second part, while the third part will contain information regarding the cyber operations and their role in implementing the A2/AD concept in the battlefield characterized by 0s and 1s and, lastly, the main objectives of pursuing cyber attacks will be analyzed.
The Afghan “Fog of War”
Authors: Bojor Laviniu , Cîrdei Ionuț Alin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The terrorist attacks of 9/11 took the USA and NATO by surprise, as they are still under the euphoric effect of celebrating the fall of the Eastern European ideological walls and the collapse of the communist bloc. The immediate response of the military operations led to the neutralization of the Taliban forces or more precisely to their removed from political power and denial the influence of Al Qaeda. The purely military approach dominated the initial kinetic clashes and conquered the physical terrain but failed to dominate the society marked by perennial conflicts, widespread corruption, poverty and multiple ethnic and tribal fragmentations. The Afghan insurgency that formed seems to have managed to slow down and finally block the reconstruction and development effort made by the strong NATO-centred coalitions. The article examines the causes of the Afghan “fog of war” that led to this great failure and makes recommendations that must be taken into account in future military conflicts.
Public Relations – A Key Aspect in Countering Terrorism
Authors: Dimitrov Mitko , Yankov Alexander 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Today the security environment is characterized by a continuous increase in uncertainty - we are faced with numerous non-traditional threats and challenges. Regardless of time and place, these threats have an impact not only on individual regions and countries. They are generating different risks and negative consequences on a global scale. The radically altered security environment has increased the need to improve ways and mechanisms for interaction between institutions throughout the security sector. Developing coordinated policies and a strategic conceptual framework for countering new threats, including hybrids, has proved to be a key task in security. Obviously, all of this can’t happen without the help of the communication experts in the structure. In almost all security-related institutions, units have been set up to support and inform the public of all actions of the security authorities. It is clear that the PR in the security sector must derive from the specific nature of the sector in which they take place. In crisis situations, activities related to PR include speaking to members of the media, crisis communication, etc. The goal in PR is to have interaction between the organization, the media and the society. It is generally good that the PR activity is proactive, not reactive, to outpace events, not to run after them.
Development of the Concepts for Providing Close Air Support
Authors: Manush Hristov 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The main objective of the study is to trace the perceptions of the task of an aviation component to provide direct aviation support to both ground and naval forces. Part of the study is devoted to tracing the combat experience gained during the assignment by the Bulgarian Air Force in the final combat operations against the Wehrmacht during the Second World War 1944-1945. The state of the conceptions at the present stage regarding the accomplishment of the task in conducting defensive and offensive battles and operations is also considered. Emphasis is also placed on the development of the perceptions of the task in the armies of the United States and Russia.
Using Weaponized Machine Learning in Cyber Offensive Operations
Authors: Nica Constantin , Tănase Tiberiu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Using Machine Learning in cyber defensive operations has proved to be highly efficient especially for fast pattern detection. There is yet an application in using Machine Learning in cyber offensive operations in order to improve existing skill set of human operators, or enable large scale offensive operations, otherwise hard to do, without extensive manpower. Machine Learning can be a solution to the complexity of present-day world structure, it can support full autonomous work mode operations and can support asymmetric operations by being the perfect invisible enemy. Having a fully autonomous system that can launch multiple attacks in multiple domains (social, infrastructure, telecoms) simultaneously, can be valuable in a world of interconnected networks. For military operations, it’s obvious that in the era of 4th generation warfare, such solutions might give an advantage over the other combatants. Furthermore, Machine Learning can become a formidable weapon if used right in the era of 5th generation conflicts, where it can target the individual itself, escalating effects to groups of people. The paper presents a generic framework in using Machine Learning in offensive cyber operations as a solution to the present-day expansion of cyber operations on foreign and national territory.
Levels of Logistic Support in Un-Multinational Operations
Authors: Pînzariu Sorin , Pleşanu Toma 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The way in which the logistical support is organized, planned and ensured in the multinational operations carried out under the aegis of the UN and the command of this organization, represents not only a main objective of the structures for planning and conducting the logistical support, but also a center of gravity for these military actions.. In this sense, the knowledge of the structures, their role and their responsibilities, from a logistical point of view, is just as important as the knowledge of the policies, strategies or regulations of this extremely important field.