bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OCORRÊNCIA DE PARASITAS GASTROINTESTINAIS EM CÃES E GATOS ATENDIDOS NO HOSPITAL VETERINÁRIO DA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ SETOR PALOTINA
Authors: Torres Bruna Ávila , Souza Laura Zanella , Candeias Ana Paula Molinari , Fernandes Nelson Luis Mello 
Published: December 2020

Os parasitos que mais infectam os cães e gatos são: Ancylostoma sp., Toxocara sp., Dipylidium sp., os sinais clínicos são caracterizados por diarreia, anorexia, apatia e perda de peso, acometem mais os filhotes onde o maior problema é a enterite hemorrágica aguda, podendo ser fatal (RIBEIRO, 2016). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a predominância dos principais endoparasitos na região noroeste do Paraná, utilizando como foco de estudo os cães e gatos atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Paraná, setor Palotina, no período entre 2019 a 2020. Utilizou-se as técnicas de flutuação simples (Willis-mollay, 1921) e centrífugo-flutuação (Sheather, 1923) para identificar ovos e oocistos dos parasitos. Foram avaliados 82 cães e 25 gatos, machos e fêmeas, com idade entre 1 mês a 15 anos, de diferentes raças, sendo mais predominante os sem raça definida. Dentre os cães, 21,95% foram positivos nos exames através de flutuação simples, destes 14,63% positivos para Ancylostoma sp., 7,32% Toxocara sp. e 2,44% Cystoisopora sp. Para os exames através de centrífugo-flutuação, 29,27% obtiveram resultados positivos, destes 14,63% positivos para Giardia sp., 7,32% Ancylostoma sp., 4,88% Toxocara sp. e 3,66% Cystoisospora sp. Durante os exames também foram encontrados oocistos de coccídeos em dois animais. Nos gatos, para a técnica de flutuação simples 12% foram positivos, destes 8% para Ancylostoma sp., 4% para Cytoisospora sp. e um animal com presença de proglotes de Dipylidium sp. nas fezes. Para centrífugo-flutuação 20% foram positivos, destes 12% positivos para Giárdia sp., 4% Ancylostoma sp., 4% Cystoisospora sp. Outros trabalhos corroboram com estes resultados como o de Ribeiro (2016), onde foram identificados 24,91% de positividade, sendo encontrado com maior prevalência do Ancylostoma sp.; presente em 12,22%, seguido de Toxocara sp. com 7,71%. Ferraz et al. (2019) em um estudo com amostras analisadas pela técnica de centrífugo-flutuação, sendo que destas, 12,7% e 35,3% foram positivas para oocistos de Giardia sp. em cães e gatos, respectivamente. Esses gêneros tem uma grande importância na saúde pública, pois são zoonoses, como o Ancylostoma sp., que infectam pela penetração na pele (larva migrans cutânea), causando uma dermatite pruriginosa e o Toxocara sp. que causa migração em órgãos através da circulação sanguínea (larva migrans visceral), assim como o género Giardia que inclui espécies com potencial zoonótico de distribuição mundial, sendo considerado um dos parasitas mais comuns no homem e uma das principais causas de diarreia não viral em humanos e animais. Pelo fato de serem zoonoses, é necessário adotar medidas sanitárias que visem à diminuição da contaminação dos animais e do ambiente, diminuindo consequentemente a exposição a este protozoário, assim como os outros parasitos (RIBEIRO, 2016).
POTENTIAL OF ILMENITE AS A SOLAR ABSORBER
Authors: Sousa G. C. P. , Gomes K. C. , Júnior W. F. A. , Duarte R. N. C. 
Published: December 2020

Titanium is considered the fourth most widely used material in industry worldwide. Titanium minerals are currently being applied in various branches of industry, mainly in the field of pigmentation. Ilmenite (FeTiO3) is an iron and titanium oxide of more common and abundant occurrence, with theoretical composition of Fe (36.8%), Ti (31.6%) and O (31.6%). Having regard to the potential of titanium minerals and the abundance of ilmenite, together with the importance of validating direct applications of this ore, since the processing of titanium is still complex and expensive, it is necessary to study this mineral and the knowledge of its main characteristics. This work brings thermal, chemical and mineralogical characterizations of ilmenite, in order to know the potential of application of this ore as a solar absorbing material. The characterization techniques used were: X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement for phase quantification, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), optical spectroscopy in the middle infrared region with Fourier Transformation by Transmittance (FTIR) and thermogravimetric thermal analysis (TGA). The analyzed sample obtained X-ray diffractogram, ilmenite (80.6%) and rutile (19.4%) as significant phases, corroborating the FRX results that indicated greater presence of Fe and titanium oxide in the ilmenite chemical composition under study. The TGA, DTA and DSC analyses indicated good thermal stability of the material in medium and high temperatures. The integration of the obtained data shows that the application of this ore as a precursor material of absorber films for selective purposes is considerable.
Breast Fine-Needle Aspiration Practice in 2019: Results of a College of American Pathologists National Survey
Authors: Li Zaibo , Souers Rhona J. , Tabbara Sana O. , Natale Kristen E. , Nguyen Lananh N. , Booth Christine N. 
Published: December 2020

Context.—
The College of American Pathologists surveys provide national benchmarks of pathology practice for laboratories.

Objective.—
To investigate breast fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy practice in domestic and international laboratories in 2019.

Design.—
We analyzed data from the College of American Pathologists Breast FNA Practice Supplemental Questionnaire that was distributed to laboratories participating in the 2019 College of American Pathologists Non-Gynecologic Cytopathology Education Program.

Results.—
Sixty-one percent (499 of 816) of respondent laboratories routinely evaluated breast FNAs. Cystic lesions were the most common indication, and radiologists primarily performed FNAs in most settings. Forty-five percent (220 of 491) of laboratories performed ancillary studies on breast FNA samples, but 33.8% (70 of 207) did not report fixation time for breast biomarker studies. Only 54.5% (271 of 497) of laboratories had a standardized reporting system and only 16.8% (82 of 488) were aware of the International Academy of Cytology Yokohama Breast FNA Biopsy Cytology Reporting System. There were significant differences among different types of institutions in several aspects of breast FNA practice, including frequency of concurrent FNA and core needle biopsy for the same lesion, primary personnel who performed the FNA, etc. Significant differences existed between domestic and international laboratories in slide preparation, ancillary studies, fixation time reporting, standardized/descriptive diagnosis, and International Academy of Cytology Yokohama Reporting System awareness.

Conclusions.—
This is the first survey from the College of American Pathologists Cytopathology Committee to investigate breast FNA practices. The data reveal significant differences in breast FNA practice among different types of institutions and between domestic and international laboratories, and provide a baseline for future breast FNA studies in a variety of practice settings.
Phosphonium Bromides Regulating Solid Electrolyte Interphase Components and Optimizing Solvation Sheath Structure for Suppressing Lithium Dendrite Growth
Authors: Qi Shihan , He Jian , Liu Jiandong , Wang Huaping , Wu Mingguang , Li Fang , Wu Daxiong , Li Xin , Ma Jianmin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractElectrolyte additives play important roles in suppressing lithium dendrite growth and improving the electrochemical performance of long‐life lithium metal batteries (LMBs), however, it is still challenging to design individual additive for adjusting the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) components and changing lithium ion solvation sheath in the electrolyte at the same time for optimizing electrochemical performance. Herein, alkyl‐triphenyl‐phosphonium bromides (alkyl‐TPPB) are designed as the electrolyte additive to enhance the stability of metallic Li anode under the guidance of multi‐factor principle for electrolyte additive molecule design (EDMD). Both alkyl‐TPP cations and Br− anions produce positive influences on suppressing Li dendrite growth and stabilizing the unstable interphase between metallic Li anode/electrolyte. As expected, the optimized solvation sheath structure, and the stable SEI suppress Li dendrite growth. As a result, the Li||Li4Ti5O12 cell reveals a long stable life over 1000 cycles with high Coulombic efficiency (99.9%). This work provides an insight on stabilizing SEI and optimizing solvation sheath structure with novel approach to develop long‐term stability and safety LMBs.
Copper‐Free Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Triazolo[1,5‐a][1,4]diazepin‐6‐ones
Authors: Kriegelsteinová Patricia , Lemrová Barbora , Ručilová Veronika , Soural Miroslav 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSynthesis of triazolo[1,5‐a][1,4]diazepin‐6‐ones on solid support is reported in this article. Amino acids immobilized on Wang resin were nosylated and alkylated with propargyl alcohol, but‐2‐yn‐1‐ol or different 3‐phenylprop‐2‐yn‐1‐ols using Mitsunobu alkylation conditions. After denosylation, acylation with Fmoc‐azidoalanine yielded linear precursors that were thermally cyclized on resin to give immobilized triazolodiazepinones. After cleavage from the polymer support, the target compounds were obtained in high crude purities and good overall yields. Furthermore, the synthetic approach was applied to convenient solid‐phase synthesis of oligopeptide containing the triazolodiazepinone moiety as the peptidomimetic heterocyclic constraint.magnified image
Nonfluorinated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries: Ionic Conduction, Electrochemistry, and Interphase Formation
Authors: Karimi Niyousha , Zarrabeitia Maider , Mariani Alessandro , Gatti Daniele , Varzi Alberto , Passerini Stefano 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCyano‐based ionic liquids (ILs) are prime candidates for the manufacturing of cheaper and safer batteries due to their inherently low‐volatility and absence of expensive fluorinated species. In this work, N‐methyl‐N‐butylpyrrolidinium (Pyr14)‐based ILs featuring two different cyano‐based anions, i.e., dicyanamide (DCA) and tricyanomethanide (TCM), and their mixture with the respective Li salts (1:9 salt:IL mole ratio), alongside their combination (DCA–TCM), are evaluated as potential electrolytes for lithium metal batteries (LMBs). The electrolytes display significant ionic conductivity at room temperature (5 mS cm−1) alongside an electrochemical stability window up to 4 V, suitable for low‐voltage LMBs such as Li–sulfur, as well as promising cycling stability. In addition to the detailed physicochemical (viscosity, conductivity) and electrochemical (electrochemical stability window, stripping/plating, and impedance test in symmetrical Li cells) characterization, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed in this class of ionic liquids is studied for the first time. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provides evidence for an SEI dominated by a polymer‐rich layer including carbon–nitrogen single, double, and triple bonds, which provides high ionic conductivity and mechanical stability, leading to the aforementioned cycling stability. Finally, a molecular insight is achieved by density functional theory (DFT) and classic molecular dynamics simulations both supporting the experimental evidence.
Ethical guidance for geriatric clinical research in China
Authors: Yu Lingling , Li Xiaoling , Zhang Pengjun , Zhang Guojun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn China, the population is aging rapidly, and the elderly have enormous medical needs. However, the elderly are underrepresented in clinical research, potentially forcing them to use medical devices and treatments that may be not suitable for them. Elderly patients are characterized by multiple comorbidities, concomitant treatments, and high incidence of cognitive impairment, and consequently are at increased risk of participating in clinical research. To reduce the risks involved with the elderly participating in clinical research, guidance on the ethical review of geriatric research is necessary. Based on a literature review and panel discussion, we have developed the Ethical Guidance for Geriatric Clinical Research, aiming to provide guidance on the ethical review of geriatric clinical research.
Does local label bias consumer taste buds and preference? Evidence of a strawberry sensory experiment
Authors: He Chenyi , Liu Ruifeng , Gao Zhifeng , Zhao Xin , Sims Charles A. , Nayga Rodolfo M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPrevious research mainly focuses on the impact of locality information/labels on consumer preference as a credence attribute that is not observable even after purchasing the products. We hypothesize that locality information on food may also influence consumer perception of the three types of attributes of food products: search (i.e., color, size, freshness, and shape), experience (i.e., flavor and texture), and other credence attributes (i.e., nutritional value). We conduct an experiment with a total of 100 participants. We combine the consumer sensory analysis with the CVM to determine the impact of locality information on consumers' perception of strawberry search, experience, and credence attributes, and how these three types of attributes affect consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) at different consumption stages. Results show that providing locality information affects the sensory attributes of color perceived by consumers. Color, size, and freshness have a significant impact on consumers' WTP before consumers taste the strawberries, while flavor and texture exhibit an influential impact on consumers' WTP after tasting. Locality information is not a significant factor in determining consumers' WTP before and after they taste the strawberries. However, for some consumers, it significantly affects their WTP if locality is perceived to be associated with improved nutritional quality and food safety comparing to people who perceive local food to be fresher.
The character of parietal and orbital alterations in the superfamily Hominoidea (families Hominidae [exclusive of Homo] and Hylobotidae)
Authors: Rothschild Bruce 
Published: December 2020

AbstractParietal external surface disruption routinely referred to as porotic hyperostosis, and orbital alterations (cribra orbitalia), have been attributed to anemia‐related bone marrow hyperplasia in humans. A recent study in humans identified that they were actually vascular in nature. Skeletons were examined and epi‐illumination surface microscopy was performed on the parietal region and orbit of 156 Hominidae and 123 Hylobotidae to assess if these phenomena were trans‐phylogenetic. Trans‐cortical channels were recognized on the basis of visualized ectocranial surface defects penetrating the parietal; cribra orbitalia, by alteration of the normally smooth orbital roof appearance. Trans‐cortical parietal channels, ranging in size from 20 to 100 µm, are rare in Gorilla and Pan troglodytes and absent in Pan paniscus. They are universally present in adult Pongo abeli and in Hylobatidae, independent of species. Cribra orbitalia was common in Hylobotidae, Pongo pygmaeus and P. abelii, less prevalent in adult P. troglodytes, and not recognized in any Gorilla gorilla or P. paniscus examined. The proliferative form predominated, with the exception of Hylobates concolor and muelleri, in which uncalcified vascular grooves predominated. No correlation was observed between the presence of either trans‐cortical channels or cribra orbitalia and fractures, osteoarthritis, or inflammatory arthritis. Parietal alterations observed in apes are trans‐cortical channels, analogous to those observed in humans, and do not represent porosity. Similarly, cribra orbitalia in apes is confirmed as vascular in nature. The proliferative form apparently represents calcification of blood vessel walls, indistinguishable from observations in humans. Predominant presence in adults rather than in juveniles suggests that both forms are acquired rather than developmental in derivation. Sex and bone alteration/disease‐independence suggests that mechanical, endocrine, and inflammatory phenomena do not contribute to the development of either. Further, independent occurrence of trans‐cortical channels and cribra orbitalia suggests that they do not have a shared etiology.
A Pseudotetrahedral Terminal Oxoiron(IV) Complex: Mechanistic Promiscuity in C−H Bond Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Warm Katrin , Paskin Alice , Kuhlmann Uwe , Bill Eckhard , Swart Marcel , Haumann Michael , Dau Holger , Hildebrandt Peter , Ray Kallol 
Published: December 2020

AbstractS=2 oxoiron(IV) species act as reactive intermediates in the catalytic cycle of nonheme iron oxygenases. The few available synthetic S=2 FeIV=O complexes known to date are often limited to trigonal bipyramidal and very rarely to octahedral geometries. Herein we describe the generation and characterization of an S=2 pseudotetrahedral FeIV=O complex 2 supported by the sterically demanding 1,4,7‐tri‐tert‐butyl‐1,4,7‐triazacyclononane ligand. Complex 2 is a very potent oxidant in hydrogen atom abstraction (HAA) reactions with large non‐classical deuterium kinetic isotope effects, suggesting hydrogen tunneling contributions. For sterically encumbered substrates, direct HAA is impeded and an alternative oxidative asynchronous proton‐coupled electron transfer mechanism prevails, which is unique within the nonheme oxoiron community. The high reactivity and the similar spectroscopic parameters make 2 one of the best electronic and functional models for a biological oxoiron(IV) intermediate of taurine dioxygenase (TauD‐J).
Prevalence of structural birth defects among infants with Down syndrome, 2013–2017: A US population‐based study
Authors: Heinke Dominique , Isenburg Jennifer L. , Stallings Erin B. , Short Tyiesha D. , Le Mimi , Fisher Sarah , Shan Xiaoyi , Kirby Russell S. , Nguyen Hoang H. , Nestoridi Eirini , Nembhard Wendy N. , Romitti Paul A. , Salemi Jason L. , Lupo Philip J. ,   for the National Birth Defects Prevention Network
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundDown syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder at birth and is often accompanied by structural birth defects. Current data on major structural defects in this population are limited.MethodsStates and territorial population‐based surveillance programs submitted data on identified cases of Down syndrome and identified structural birth defects during 2013–2017. We estimated prevalence by program type and maternal and infant characteristics. Among programs with active case ascertainment, we estimated the prevalence of birth defects by organ system and for specific defects by maternal age (<35, ≥35) and infant sex.ResultsWe identified 13,376 cases of Down syndrome. Prevalence among all programs was 12.7 per 10,000 live births. Among these children, 75% had at least one reported co‐occurring birth defect diagnosis code. Among 6,210 cases identified by active programs, 66% had a cardiovascular defect with septal defects being the most common: atrial (32.5%), ventricular (20.6%), and atrioventricular (17.4%). Defect prevalence differed by infant sex more frequently than by maternal age. For example, atrioventricular septal defects were more common in female children (20.1% vs. 15.1%) while limb deficiencies were more prevalent in male children (0.4% vs. 0.1%).ConclusionsOur study provides updated prevalence estimates for structural defects, including rare defects, among children with Down syndrome using one of the largest and most recent cohorts to date. These data may aid clinical care and surveillance.
Guidelines for botulinum neurotoxin injections in piriformis syndrome
Authors: Yi Kyu‐Ho , Lee Kyu‐Lim , Lee Ji‐Hyun , Hu Hye‐Won , Lee Kangwoo , Seo Kyle K. , Kim Hee‐Jin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe piriformis muscle is normally involved in piriformis syndrome and can be treated with botulinum neurotoxin using several different injection methods. However, definitive injection guidelines for the muscle have not been reported previously.AimsThis study aimed to determine the ideal area for injections based on the intramuscular nerve distribution as obtained using a modified Sihler's staining technique.Materials and MethodsA modified Sihler's method was applied to the piriformis muscle in 15 specimens. The intramuscular arborization areas were identified based on two anatomical landmarks: (a) the lateral border of the sacrum bone and (b) the greater trochanter.ResultsThe nerve entry point for both piriformis muscles was found in the area between the lateral border of the sacrum and one‐fifth of the distance toward the greater trochanter. The intramuscular nerve distribution for the piriformis muscle had the largest arborization patterns between one‐fifth and two‐fifths of the distance from the sacrum to the greater trochanter. The piriformis muscle was tendinous from two‐fifths of the distance to the greater trochanter.DiscussionThis study has yielded suggested optimal injection locations for the piriformis muscle relative to external anatomical landmarks.ConclusionClinicians can use these guidelines to ensure the effectiveness of not only botulinum neurotoxin injections but also other agents such as steroids, anesthetics, and normal saline. These guidelines will also help to avoid adverse outcomes of injection treatments.
Covalent Functionalization of Graphene for the Enhancement of Thermophysical Properties in Nanofluids
Authors: Selvaraj Vishnuprasad , Senthilkumar Karthick , Krishnan Haribabu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCovalent functionalization of graphene nanoparticles by autoclave, reflux‐condensation, and microwave‐assisted methods was performed. Nanofluids prepared by acidic functionalized graphene exhibit a higher dispersion stability than raw graphene. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids obtained by the microwave‐assisted method was higher than with other functionalization methods, and a signifcant maximum thermal conductivity enhancement compared to deionized water was achieved. Microwave‐assisted thermochemical synthesis is a highly effective energy‐saving method over other conventional approaches.
Preparation of Functionalized Carbon‐Coated Cobalt Nanoparticles with Sulfonated Arene Derivatives, a Study on Surface Functionalization and Stability
Authors: Doswald Simon , Stark Wendelin J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles has been an important field in the last decade due to the versatile applications in catalysis and biomedicine. Generally, a high degree of functionalities on the surface of the nanoparticles is desired. In this study, covalent functionalization of various aromatic sulfonic acids on carbon‐coated cobalt nanoparticles are investigated on surface functionalization yield and stability. The nanoparticles are prepared via covalent linkage of an in situ generated diazonium on the graphene‐like surface. Adsorption and wash experiments were performed to confirm a covalent bonding of the naphthalene derivatives on the nanoparticle surface. With an increased number of sulfonic acid groups on the aromatic compound a significantly lower loading is observed on the corresponding functionalized nanoparticles. This can be counteracted by a change of nitrite species. With this method, nanoparticles with a high number of sulfonic acid groups can be produced.