bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O7C.5 Assessing the impact of intervention on future lung cancer burden among construction workers
Authors: Song Chaojie , Jardine Kate , Arrandale Victoria , Jung Young , Mofidi Amir , Tompa Emile , Tenkate Thomas , Davies Hugh , Demers Paul A 
Published: May 2020

Background and objectivesConstruction workers are exposed to several carcinogens at work. Implementing intervention methods may reduce workers’ exposure, which should subsequently reduce the number of cancer cases attributable to the exposure. The current study estimates the future lung cancer burden due to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure among Ontario construction workers, and assesses the impact of implementing interventions on this burden.MethodsThe annual number of new cancer cases attributable to RCS was estimated from 2030 to 2060 using Levin’s equation based on the prevalence of exposure (PrE) and the risk of cancer (RR) associated with RCS exposure. The RR was selected from a review of the epidemiologic literature. The PrE was estimated using CAREX Canada’s estimates of prevalence and level of exposure, combined with historical and projected employment data, labour force characteristics, and survival probabilities. The intervention methods (personal protective equipment, wet cutting) were assumed to be fully implemented from 2020, and incorporated into the model by adjusting prevalence and level of exposure downwards.ResultsWe estimated that without intervention, 107 lung cancers would be attributable to RCS exposure in Ontario construction workers in 2030.This number increased to 181 in 2060. If intervention methods were applied, the reduction in the attributable cases became evident from 2040 onward, with a maximum reduction of 51 cancers in 2060. Overall, 481 cancers would be prevented between 2030 and 2060, which is 11% of the total cases if the interventions were not implemented.ConclusionsFuture work-related cancers can be prevented by reducing workers’ exposure. Combining the economic assessment of both the cancer burden and the costs of implementing exposure controls will help to assess the cost-benefit of different intervention methods, which can be used to direct intervention strategies in construction workplace.
O7D.2 Health-related educational differences in duration of working life and loss of paid employment: working life expectancy in the netherlands
Authors: Burdorf Alex , Robroek Suzan 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesThis study aims to provide insight into health-related educational differences in duration of working life by working life expectancy (WLE) and working years lost (WYL) through disability benefits and other non-employment states in the Netherlands.MethodsMonthly information on employment status of the Dutch population (n=4,999,947) between 16 and 66 year from 2001 to 2015 was used to estimate working life courses. Across educational groups monthly transitions between paid employment and non-employment states were calculated with a Markov model with transitional probabilities. Using this multistate model (R-package mstate) the WLE and WYL due to disability benefits and other non-employment states were estimated, stratified by educational groups.ResultsDespite starting in paid employment much earlier, low educated men and low educated women had a 4.17 (men) and 9.50 (women) years lower WLE at age 16 than high educated men and women. Among low educated men 3.59 WYL were due to disability benefit compared to 0.78 WYL among high educated men, resulting in a WYL gap 2.81 years. Low educated women had 3.47 WYL due to disability benefit compared to 1.38 WYL among high educated women introducing a WYL gap of 2.09. Educational inequalities in premature death added to this WYL gap another 0.7 years among men and 0.3 years among women.ConclusionsThe working life course showed large educational differences. A considerable amount of the lost working time is health-related due to disability benefits and premature death. In comparison to high educated workers, those with a low educational level lose a substantial part of their working life due to disability benefit, unemployment, and no income. The metrics of WLE and WYL provide useful insights into the life-course perspective of working careers.
O7D.3 Working conditions and health behaviour as causes of educational inequalities in self-rated health: an inverse odds weighting approach
Authors: Schram Jolinda , Groeniger Joost Oude , Schuring Merel , Proper Karin , Oostrom Sandra van , Robroek Suzan , Burdorf Alex 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundThis study aims to estimate to what extent working conditions and health behaviours mediate the increased risk of low educated workers to report a poor health.MethodsRespondents of the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in 18 European countries were selected aged between 50 years and 64 years, in paid employment at baseline and with information on education and self-rated health (n=15,126). Health behaviours and physical and psychosocial work characteristics were measured at baseline, while self-rated health was measured at 2 year follow up. We used loglinear regression models and Inverse Odds Weighting causal mediation analysis to estimate the total effect of low education on self-rated health and to decompose the effect into natural direct (NDE) and natural indirect effects (NIE).ResultsLower educated workers were more likely to be in poor health compared to higher educated workers. The total effect of low education on self-rated health was RR=1.81 [95% CI 1.66–1.97]. For work conditions, having a physical demanding job was the strongest mediator, followed by lack of job control and lack of job rewards. NIE through working conditions was RR=1.16 [95% CI 1.06–1.25], explaining about 30% of educational inequalities in self-rated health. For health behaviour, body mass index and alcohol were the strongest mediators, followed by smoking. NIE though health behaviour was RR=1.14 [95% CI 1.07–1.20], explaining about 27% of educational inequalities in self-rated health.ConclusionsPreventive interventions focusing on reducing physical work demands as well as improving health behaviour may contribute to reducing educational inequalities in self-rated health among workers in Europe.
O1C.3 Nightshift work and risk of lymphoma subtypes
Authors: Cocco Pierluigi , Satta Giannina , Meloni Federico , Betti Claudia , Zucca Mariagrazia , Padoan Marina , Piro Sara , Gambelunghe Angela , Miligi Lucia , Ferri Giovanni Maria , Magnani Corrado , Muzi Giacomo , Cabras Maria Giuseppina , Latte Gian Carlo 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionIn 2010, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified ‘Shiftwork that involves circadian disruption’ as a probable human carcinogen (group 2A), based on limited evidence from epidemiological studies and sufficient evidence from experimental animal studies. The epidemiological results were consistent for breast cancer. More recent publications suggested an increase in risk for ovarian and endometrial cancer, prostate cancer, and colorectal cancer.Sleep deprivation is common in shift workers, and it leads to disruption of the transcription of genes implicated in the regulation of the immune response.ObjectivesAs depression of the immune system is a known risk factor for lymphomas, we explored the association between risk of lymphoma subtypes and nightshift work with a case-control study design.Materials and methodsBased on the lifetime occupational history available for 323 cases and 463 controls who participated in a case-control study on lymphoma etiology conducted in Sardinia (Italy) in 1998–2006, expert occupational physicians assessed nightshift work for each job entry of each study subject. We calculated risk of major lymphoma subtypes, namely diffuse large B cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma and Hodgkin lymphoma, associated with cumulative days of nightshift work with unconditional logistic regression, adjusting by age, gender, and education.ResultsNone of the lymphoma subtypes we investigated showed an association with lifetime cumulative days of nightshift work. Contrary to our expectation, risk of all lymphomas combined tended to decrease with cumulative days of nightshift work.ConclusionsFurther studies are warranted to investigate in more detail whether sleep deprivation resulting from nightshift work might be implicated in lymphomagenesis. Future investigations should include information on the chronotype of study subjects, the specific shift rotation schedule applied in each workplace, usual hours of sleep per day, and occurrence of daytime sleepiness.
O8B.4 Exploring occupational injury experiences during hot weather: a national survey of health and safety professionals
Authors: Varghese Blesson , Pisaniello Dino , Hansen Alana , Williams Susan , Bi Peng 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionExposure to extreme heat can lead to adverse health effects and contribute to work-related injuries. However, there is limited understanding of how physical injuries arise in hot weather. A study of the perspectives of stakeholders such as occupational health and safety professionals (HSPs) on injury risk factors during hot weather may assist in informing injury prevention efforts.MethodsA national online survey of HSPs was undertaken. Collected data included perspectives on injury experiences, current preventive measures, training, policies and guidelines, and barriers for prevention. Results were analyzed descriptively and a log-poisson regression was used to identify risk factors associated with reported injuries during hot weather at workplaces the HSPs visited/managed.ResultsIn total there were 307 respondents, the majority of who acknowledged the potential for increased risk of occupational injuries in hot weather. A variety of injury types and mechanisms were reported, including manual handling injuries, hand injuries, wounds or lacerations and loss of control of power tools.Work factors significantly associated with reported injuries included problems with personal protective equipment; lack of shade; inadequate hydration and rest breaks, and problems with supervision.Less than half (42%) of HSPs stated the availability of adequate heat training for staff and 54% reported the provision for outdoor work to cease if temperatures are extreme as a preventive measure in workplaces they visited/managed. HSPs recommended ‘heat stress training’ as the most important preventive measure for outdoor and indoor workers. Reported barriers for prevention include: lack of awareness by workers and supervisors of injury risks, and management concerns about productivity loss and/or deadlines.ConclusionThese findings point to a range of modifiable work and organisational risk factors for injury during hot weather. More attention to these factors, in conjunction with traditional interventions for heat-induced illness, could enhance injury prevention in the workplace.
O8B.6 Occupational heat stress due to climate change: estimating future heat wave hazards
Authors: Otto Matthias , Kjellstrom Tord , Lemke Bruno 
Published: May 2020

Exposure to extreme heat negatively affects occupational health. Heat stress indices like Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) combine temperature and humidity and allow quantifying the climatic impact on human physiology and clinical health. Multi-day periods of high heat stress (aka. heat waves) affect occupational health and productivity independently from the absolute temperature levels; e.g. well-documented heat-waves in Europe caused disruption, hospitalisations and deaths (2003 French heat wave: more than 1000 extra deaths, 15–65 years, mainly men) even though the temperatures were within the normal range of hotter countries.Climate change is likely to increase frequency and severity of periods of high heat stress. However, current global grid-cell based climate models are not designed to predict heat waves, neither in terms of severity or frequency.By analysing 37 years of historic daily heat index data from almost 5000 global weather stations and comparing them to widely used grid-cell based climate model outputs over the same period, our research explores methods to assess the frequency and intensity of heat waves as well as the associated occupational health effects at any location around the world in the future.Weather station temperature extreme values (WBGT) for the 3 hottest days in 30 years exceed the mean WBGT of the hottest month calculated from climate models in the same grid-cell by about 2 degrees in the tropics but by 10 degrees at higher latitudes in temperate climate regions.Our model based on the relationship between actual recorded periods of elevated heat-stress and grid-cell based climate projections, in combination with population and employment projections, can quantify national and regional productivity loss and health effects with greater certainty than is currently the case.
P.1.03 Mortality analysis in different exposure groups of coal miners in rostov region of the russian federation
Authors: Bukhtiyarov Igor , Pictushanskaya Tatyana , Tikhonova Galina , Gorchakova Tatyana , Bryleva Maria , Churanova Anastasya , Kovalevskiy Evgeny 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe Rostov region was one of the largest centers of coal mining in Russia during XIX–XX centuries. The long-term effects of work in coal mines were investigated with the use of database of the Rostov regional center of occupational health.AimAssessment of mortality risks in different exposure groups of coal miners.MethodsA cohort of 9980 coal miners with established occupational diseases was formed by the Rostov regional center of occupational health. The follow-up period was 26 years (01.01.1990–31.12.2015). By the end of the follow-up period 1898 miners were alive and 8082 died. In result there were 1 38 768 person-years of follow-up. The male population of Rostov region was used as reference group.Two different exposure groups were created. First one included main professions – clearing face miners and shaft miners (5941 persons, 79 978 person-years). Maximum dust concentrations reached 270–300 mg/m3, vibration levels – 130 dB, noise levels – 130 dBA. The second one included miners of auxiliary professions (shot-firers, wiremen, loco drivers, etc.) – 4039 persons, 58 790 person-years. The maximum exposure levels were lower, 100–130 mg/m3, 110 dB, 105 dBA, respectively.ResultsThe standardized mortality ratio in the cohort (SMR) was 1.47 (CI 1.42–1.51). In the group with length of service up to 10 years, SMR=1.01 (0.91–1.13), 10–19 years SMR=1.33 (1.27–1.39), 20 years and more SMR=1.91 (1.80–2.02).In both groups the SMR was higher than in reference population. SMR=1.57 (1.50–1.63) and SMR=1.32 (1.25–1.39) respectively. The difference between subgroups was also statistically significant SMR=1.19 (1.14–1.24)ConclusionResults of follow up demonstrated elevated risks of mortality for former coal miners. A ‘dose (time) – effect’ relationship for mortality levels were also established.
P.1.04 Correlation between scalp hair lead levels and blood lead levels of lead battery manufacturing workers
Authors: Chaivatcharaporn Kate 
Published: May 2020

A group of 107 lead battery manufacturing workers, whose blood lead levels were above 30 mcg/dl, have been monthly tested for blood lead levels due to the company health policy since 2016. In 2018, 83 workers were enrolled in the scalp hair lead analysis project using cloud point extraction (CPT), ultrasonic acid digestion (UAD) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). This study aimed at finding correlation between hair lead levels and serial blood lead levels. Data were obtained with permission from each workers and were analyzed using paired t-test.All subjects were male workers at the age of 25–58. The working period in this factory ranged from 1–34 years. Latest blood lead levels range from 31.22–58.7 mcg/dl. Hair lead levels ranged from 10.79–712.09 mcg/g in proximal hair segment (n=83) and 41.47–688.64 mcg/g in distal hair segment (n=15). Mean hair lead levels were 163.98 and 259.18 mcg/g in proximal and distal hair segment.The correlation between hair lead levels and 5 consecutive months blood lead levels before the time of hair sample collection were found to be statistically significant (p 0.008, p 0.030, p 0.021, p 0.009, p 0.019). Lead levels of distal hair segment were 9.72 mcg/g higher than proximal hair segment (p 0.002). Furthermore, significant correlation between distal hair segment lead levels and blood lead levels at some months during 3 year-period were found, but not for the prior 5 consecutive months.
P.1.18 Factors related to lower urinary tract symptoms of female workers in the electronic parts industry in khon kaen province
Authors: Krisorn Phanumas , Chaiear Naesinee , Songsrichainun Pattranit , Laitrakul Suchanaree , Keerativorasakul Wipawee , Jiraudomrat Ratchanon , Intarachai Jirath , Saelim Thitipong 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundThe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are more common in women than men. The causes of LUTS come from many factors. Working factor might be one of them. Leading to a study of working factors and non-working factors related to LUTS at electronic parts factory in Khon Kaen province.MethodsThe case-control study was performed. The total of 236 cases (female worker who has at least one symptom of LUTS) and 236 controls (female workers who don’t have the symptoms) was done by simple random sampling. Research tool is the self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS Version 19, EpiInfo for calculate odds ratio, 95% CI , Pearson’s chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test.ResultsConveyor does not statistically significant related to LUTS(AOR=0.88, 95% Cl (0.59,1.30). Factors that significantly related to LUTS are 1.History of LUTS in a last year [AOR=4.80, 95% CI (2.64,8.73)] 2. inadequate number of drinking water glasses [AOR=2.15, 95% CI (1.06,4.36)] 3. inadequate number of toilet [AOR=1.97, 95% CI(1.24,1.97)] 4. Holding bladder [AOR=1.56, 95% CI(1.24,1.97)].ConclusionConveyor is not a statistically significant factor for LUTS. Statistically significant factors related to LUTS are history of LUTS in a last year, insufficient number of glasses, insufficient number of toilet and holding bladder.
P.1.20 Trends in prevalence of obesity according to occupational group: the korean national health and nutrition examination survey
Authors: Lee Jea-Yong , Kang Mo-Yeol , Kim Hyoung-Ryoul , Myoung Jun-Pyo 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesThis study was designed to provide recent trends of obesity among workers in Korea, and identify whether there was difference across occupational group.MethodsWe used data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination survey phase I to VI (1998–2015) to analyze trends in prevalence of obesity in Korean adult workers. Obesity was defined as a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher. Occupation was classified into 3 groups; a) non-manual worker, b) service/sales worker, c) manual worker.ResultDuring the period from KNHANES phase I to VI, the prevalence of obesity in male workers increased in all occupations as a whole (31.1% to 39.5% in manual worker, 32.3% to 38.2% in service/sales worker, 25.3% to 39.7% in manual worker). In contrast, female workers did not show a particular tendency except for a significantly decreasing in the prevalence rate in service/sales workers (30.8% to 23.9%, p for trend 0.0048).ConclusionsThe trends of obesity prevalence by gender and occupation were different. Especially for male manual-workers, the prevalence rate has increased steadily during the period, while it has decreased steadily in female sales/service workers. These results can be used to select vulnerable groups that can be applied to obesity prevention programs first.
P.1.25 The effect of variations air pollution concentration on ischemic stroke
Authors: Lin Gwan-Ling , Wu Wei-Te , Liou Saou-Hsing , Wu Trong-Neng 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundStroke is the third most common cause of death in Taiwan. However, the reasonable range in time scale of air pollution concentration for inducing ischemic stroke has not been clear. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine the effect of time scale air pollution concentration and stroke risk.MethodsWe recruited 256 ischemic stroke patients in emergency department and 98 healthy controls from a Taiwan Medical Center between 2012 and 2013. The subjects were interviewed in person and completed the demographic, disease history questionnaires. Each participant provided blood samples for metal and oxidative stress measurements. We used the geographic information system (GIS) and the Inverse distance weighting (IDW) model to estimate the concentrations of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, O3) at home address from 75 monitoring stations in Taiwan at different time scales (1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 1 month, 7 months, 1 year) before blood drawing. Logistic regression models were performed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for stroke risk.ResultsThe interquartile range (IQR) PM2.5 concentrations were 17.5, 16.3, 14.5, 14.4, 12.0, 9.2, 6.6, and 1.9 µg/m3 respectively, for different time scales within 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 1 month, 7 months, 1 year period before stroke onset. We found that the 7 days, 14 days, 1 month PM2.5 concentrations were significantly increased risk of stroke, after adjustment for smoking, environmental tobacco smoke, ever stroke, family history of stroke, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, heart disease history, temperature, and relative humidity. The results also showed that elevated stroke risks with 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 1 month PM10, and with 7 days, 14 days, and 1 month O3.
P.2.07 Times of sick leave due to temporary disability related to a non-work-related illness and re-adaptation to work
Authors: Dias Adriano , Bernardes João Marcos , Gomez-Salgado Juan , Ruiz-Frutos Carlos 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate if the times of sick leave due to temporary disability related to a non-work-related illness (NWRI) depends on whether or not the workers have required a vocational rehabilitation.MethodHistorical cohort study of university workers in São Paulo, Brazil, between 2010 and 2015. Data were obtained from work institutional databases that recorded personal, occupation, physician’s examination and vocational rehabilitation data. The Charlson Comorbidity Index was obtained from medical history according to the most prevalent diagnoses in each physician’s assessment report and respective sick leave episode duration. Associations between variables were analyzed by simple and multiple Cox regression models.ResultsDepressive disorders, convalescences and back pain were responsible for 70% of all sick leaves due to non-work-related conditions that caused temporary disability. Follow-up time was decreased when the number of NWRI per worker increases, follow-up times until readaptation between 4 and 320 days and great variability within the same disease. The CCI weight was of 0 in 96.2% of sick leaves. In the Cox model, the number of physician’s examinations (HR=0.96), non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (HR=0.40) and primary essential hypertension (HR=0.29) were found to be significant protective factor for sick leave duration until vocational rehabilitation. Recurrent depressive disorders (HR=1.5), conjunctivitis (HR=2.78), acute sinusitis (HR=4.99), skin conditions (HR=3, 80), back pain (HR=1.62), kidney and ureter calculus (HR=2.31), pelvic abdominal pain (HR=2.33) and falls at the same level (HR=3.71) were risk factors to longer sick leave duration until vocational rehabilitation.ConclusionWhen there was more medical assessment during the period of sick leave the times were reduced and some diseases such as upper airways, eyes and skin, pain and depression require longer times until vocational rehabilitation.