bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum neurofilament light chain as outcome marker for intensive care unit patients
Authors: Fisse Anna Lena , Pitarokoili Kalliopi , Leppert David , Motte Jeremias , Pedreiturria Xiomara , Kappos Ludwig , Gold Ralf , Kuhle Jens , Yoon Min-Suk 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective
Neurofilament light chain (NfL) in serum indicates neuro-axonal damage in diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. Reliable markers to enable early estimation of clinical outcome of intensive care unit (ICU) patients are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate, whether serum NfL levels are a possible biomarker for prediction of outcome of ICU patients.

Methods
Thirty five patients were prospectively examined from admission to ICU until discharge from the hospital or death. NfL levels were measured longitudinally by a Simoa assay.

Results
NfL was elevated in all ICU patients and reached its maximum at day 35 of ICU treatment. Outcome determined by modified Rankin Scale at the end of the follow-up period correlated with NfL level at admission, especially in the group of patients with impairment of the central nervous system (n = 25, r = 0.56, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
NfL could be used as a prognostic marker for outcome of ICU patients, especially in patients with impairment of the central nervous system.
The acute physiological and perceptual effects of recovery interval intensity during cycling-based high-intensity interval training
Authors: Fennell Christopher R. J. , Hopker James G. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The current study sought to investigate the role of recovery intensity on the physiological and perceptual responses during cycling-based aerobic high-intensity interval training.

Methods
Fourteen well-trained cyclists ($$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$

V
˙

O
2peak

: 62 ± 9 mL kg−1 min−1) completed seven laboratory visits. At visit 1, the participants’ peak oxygen consumption ($$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$

V
˙

O
2peak

) and lactate thresholds were determined. At visits 2–7, participants completed either a 6 × 4 min or 3 × 8 min high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocol with one of three recovery intensity prescriptions: passive (PA) recovery, active recovery at 80% of lactate threshold (80A) or active recovery at 110% of lactate threshold (110A).

Results
The time spent at > 80%, > 90% and > 95% of maximal minute power during the work intervals was significantly increased with PA recovery, when compared to both 80A and 110A, during both HIIT protocols (all P ≤ 0.001). However, recovery intensity had no effect on the time spent at > 90% $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$

V
˙

O
2peak

(P = 0.11) or > 95% $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{{\text{2peak}}}}$$

V
˙

O
2peak

(P = 0.50) during the work intervals of both HIIT protocols. Session RPE was significantly higher following the 110A recovery, when compared to the PA and 80A recovery during both HIIT protocols (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Passive recovery facilitates a higher work interval PO and similar internal stress for a lower sRPE when compared to active recovery and therefore may be the efficacious recovery intensity prescription.
In plain sight: implicit priming of patterns and faces using change symmetry
Authors: Aksentijevic Aleksandar , Duffy Finbar , Mihailovic Anja , Mihailovic Dragutin T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAksentijevic–Gibson complexity is an original complexity measure based on the amount of change in a string or 2D array that has been successfully implemented on data from psychology to physics. The key ingredient to computing the measure is a change symmetry (CS)—a novel form of structure (also known as generalised palindrome) which represents a central or mirror symmetry based on the redundant arrangement not of symbols but of changes. This results in patterns that although globally symmetrical do not appear as such when inspected locally. We used this property to (a) affect the registration of a target, (b) prime the symmetry judgment of 2D arrays and (c) faces using 1D patterns possessing change symmetry. In Experiment 2, we applied the lock and key principle to complete the prime without showing its structure at once. In Experiments 3 and 4, we presented subjects with fast sequences of CSs such that the configuration of an individual pattern was masked by the subsequent pattern leaving only the structural “essence” of the prime symmetry. The results strongly support the contention that higher-level hidden structure of change symmetry successfully primes the symmetry perception of 2D arrays as well as facial attractiveness.
Molten steel temperature prediction using a hybrid model based on information interaction-enhanced cuckoo search
Authors: Yang Qiangda , Fu Yichuan , Zhang Jie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article presents a hybrid model for predicting the temperature of molten steel in a ladle furnace (LF). Unique to the proposed hybrid prediction model is that its neural network-based empirical part is trained in an indirect way since the target outputs of this part are unavailable. A modified cuckoo search (CS) algorithm is used to optimize the parameters in the empirical part. The search of each individual in the traditional CS is normally performed independently, which may limit the algorithm’s search capability. To address this, a modified CS, information interaction-enhanced CS (IICS), is proposed in this article to enhance the interaction of search information between individuals and thereby the search capability of the algorithm. The performance of the proposed IICS algorithm is first verified by testing on two benchmark sets (including 16 classical benchmark functions and 29 CEC 2017 benchmark functions) and then used in optimizing the parameters in the empirical part of the proposed hybrid prediction model. The proposed hybrid model is applied to actual production data from a 300 t LF at Baoshan Iron & Steel Co. Ltd, one of China's most famous integrated iron and steel enterprises, and the results show that the proposed hybrid prediction model is effective with comparatively high accuracy.
Surgery for IDH1/2 wild-type glioma invading the corpus callosum
Authors: Franco Pamela , Delev Daniel , Cipriani Debora , Neidert Nicolas , Kellner Elias , Masalha Waseem , Mercas Bianca , Mader Irina , Reinacher Peter , Weyerbrock Astrid , Fung Christian , Beck Jürgen , Heiland Dieter Henrik , Schnell Oliver 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma of the corpus callosum (ccGBM) are rare tumors, with a dismal prognosis marked by a rapid clinical deterioration. For a long time, surgical treatment was not considered beneficial for most patients with such tumors. Recent studies claimed an improved survival for patients undergoing extensive resection, albeit without integration of the molecular profile of the lesions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of biopsy and surgical resection on oncological and functional outcomes in patients with IDH wild-type ccGBM.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of our institution’s database of patients having been treated for high-grade glioma between 2005 and 2017. Inclusion criteria were defined as follows: patients older than 18 years, histopathological, and molecularly defined IDH wild-type glioma, major tumor mass (at least 2/3) invading the corpus callosum in the sagittal plane with a uni- or bilateral infiltration of the adjacent lobules. Surgical therapy (resection vs. biopsy), extent of resection according to the remaining tumor volume and adjuvant treatment as well as overall survival and functional outcome using the Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) were analyzed.

Results
Fifty-five patients were included in the study, from which the mean age was 64 years and men (n = 34, 61.8%) were more often affected than women (n = 21, 38.2%). Thirty (54.5%) patients were treated with stereotactic biopsy alone, while 25 patients received tumor resection resulting in 14.5% (n = 8) gross-total resections and 30.9% (n = 17) partial resections. The 2-year survival rate after resection was 30% compared to 7% after biopsy (p = 0.047). The major benefit was achieved in the group with gross-total resection, while partial resection failed to improve survival. Neurological outcome measured by KPS did not differ between both groups either pre- or postoperatively.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that in patients with corpus callosum glioblastoma, gross-total resection prolongs survival without negatively impacting neurological outcome as compared to biopsy.
Second-order agent-based models of emergent behaviour of Dictyostelium discoideum and their inspiration for swarm robotics
Authors: Parhizkar Mohammad , Serugendo Giovanna Di Marzo , Nitschke Jahn , Hellequin Louis , Wade Assane , Soldati Thierry 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBy studying and modelling the behaviour of Dictyostelium discoideum, we aim at deriving mechanisms useful for engineering collective artificial intelligence systems. This paper discusses a selection of agent-based models reproducing second-order behaviour of Dictyostelium discoideum, occurring during the migration phase; their corresponding biological illustrations; and how we used them as an inspiration for transposing this behaviour into swarms of Kilobots. For the models, we focus on: (1) the transition phase from first- to second-order emergent behaviour; (2) slugs’ uniform distribution around a light source; and (3) the relationship between slugs’ speed and length occurring during the migration phase of the life cycle of D. discoideum. Results show the impact of the length of the slug on its speed and the effect of ammonia on the distribution of slugs. Our computational results show similar behaviour to our biological experiments, using Ax2(ka) strain. For swarm robotics experiments, we focus on the transition phase, slugs’ chaining, merging and moving away from each other.
Die Begründetheit von Umweltrechtsbehelfen von Verbänden seit der UmwRG-Novelle 2017
Authors: Guckelberger Annette 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Angesichts der Ausweitung der umweltrechtsbehelfsfähigen Gegenstände sowie des partiellen
Entfallens der materiellen Präklusion gibt es seit der UmwRG-Novelle 2017 eine Reihe von Vorschriften
zur Eindämmung der daraus resultierenden Effekte, die bei der Prüfung der Begründetheit der
Rechtsbehelfe relevant werden.
A cross-sectional study investigating the relationships between self-management abilities, productive patient-professional interactions, and well-being of community-dwelling frail older people
Authors: Vestjens Lotte , Cramm Jane Murray , Nieboer Anna Petra 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWorldwide, the maintenance of well-being in ageing populations with associated frailty has become increasingly important. To maintain well-being during ageing, investment in frail older people’s self-management abilities and the fostering of productive interactions with healthcare professionals may lead to higher levels of well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between community-dwelling frail older people’s self-management abilities, productive patient-professional interactions and well-being, while controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. This cross-sectional study included 588 community-dwelling frail older people (aged ≥ 75 years) from 15 general practitioner (GP) practices in the Netherlands. Well-being (Social Production Function Instrument for the Level of well-being short), productivity of interactions with GPs (relational coproduction instrument), and self-management abilities (Self-Management Ability Scale short) were measured during in-home face-to-face interviews by trained interviewers. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and linear mixed-effects models. Significant relationships were detected between self-management abilities and the overall, social, and physical well-being of older people, and between productive interactions with GPs and overall and social well-being, but not physical well-being. In a time of ageing populations with associated frailty, investment in frail older people’s self-management abilities and the productivity of patient-professional interactions may be beneficial for this population’s well-being.
How Can Modifications of Meaning Influence Argumentation? The Concept and Typology of Semantic Arguments
Authors: Pruś Jakub 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this article is to show how modifications of meaning can influence argumentation. I present the basic concept of so-called ‘semantic argumentation,’ its definition, and its different variants. I analyse the various kinds of argument in which meanings of terms are modified in support of a persuasive goal. The analysis of different semantic arguments reveals certain structures and patterns that are needed to construct a typology of such arguments. I thus outline a basic concept of argumentation based on modifications of meaning, before presenting various examples of such arguments together with an analysis of their structures, and then, finally, constructing a typology for them.
Cryptic alternative male mating strategies in invasive alien round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) of the upper Danube River
Authors: Cerwenka Alexander F. , Brandner Joerg , Geist Juergen , Schliewen Ulrich K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMale alternative mating strategies are a widespread life history choice, yet they have hardly been assessed in the context of fish invasions. As established proxies for alternative life-history strategies, body length and sexual maturity of Ponto–Caspian round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) from the recently invaded upper Danube River were contrasted and differential trophic niche occupation was assessed. Only about 4% of analyzed gobies qualified as potential sneakers which may be explained by the recent and ongoing invasion process. This study provides evidence for the occurrence of sneaking behavior of invasive round goby in the upper Danube River.
Next-generation sequencing: a follow-up of 36,913 singleton pregnancies with noninvasive prenatal testing in central China
Authors: Lu Wan , Huang Ting , Wang Xin-Rong , Zhou Ji-Hui , Yuan Hui-Zhen , Yang Yan , Huang Ting-Ting , Liu Dan-Ping , Liu Yan-Qiu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) results of 36,913 cases in Jiangxi province of central China and explore its application value in prenatal screening and diagnosis.

Methods
This retrospective analysis included 36,913 singleton pregnant women who underwent NIPT because of moderate-/high-risk pregnancy or voluntary requirements between January 2017 and December 2019 in our hospital. Chromosomal abnormalities such as trisomies 21, 18, and 13 (T21, T18, T13) and sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) were judged by standard Z-score analysis. Positive NIPT results were confirmed by amniocentesis and karyotyping. Pregnancy outcomes were followed up via telephone interview.

Results
A total of 1.01% (371/36,913) positive cases were detected by NIPT, comprising 137, 46, 31, and 157 cases of T21, T18, T13, and SCAs, respectively. A total of 116 of T21, 27 of T18, 13 of T13, and 51 of SCAs were confirmed to be true positive; all normal cases that had been followed up were verified to be true negative. The NIPT sensitivity in T21, T18, T13, and SCAs was 100.00% individually, whereas the specificity was 99.94% (36,488/36,509), 99.95% (36,579/36,598), 99.95% (36,594/36,612), and 99.72% (36,472/36,574), respectively. Furthermore, the negative predictive values of T21, T18, T13, and SCAs were all 100%, while the positive predictive values were 84.67%, 58.70%, 41.94%, and 33.33%, respectively.

Conclusion
NIPT is highly sensitive and has a low false positive rate in testing clinically significant fetal aneuploidies of general reproductive women. However, this technique cannot substitute for amniocentesis and karyotyping, and detailed genetic counseling is also essential for the high-risk group of NIPT.
A novel view on bounding execution demand under mixed-criticality EDF
Authors: Mahdiani Mitra , Masrur Alejandro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we are concerned with scheduling a mix of high-criticality (HI) and low-criticality (LO) tasks under Earliest Deadline First (EDF) on one processor. To this end, the system implements two operation modes, LO and HI mode. In LO mode, HI tasks execute for no longer than their optimistic execution budgets and are scheduled together with the LO tasks. The system switches to HI mode, where all LO tasks are prevented from running, when one or more HI tasks run for longer than expected. Since these mode changes may happen at arbitrary points in time, it is difficult to find an accurate bound on carry-over jobs, i.e., those HI jobs that were released before, but did not finish executing at the point of the transition. To overcome this problem, we propose a technique that works around the computation of carry-over execution demand. Basically, the proposed technique separates the schedulability analysis of the transition between LO and HI mode from that of stable HI mode. We prove that a transition from LO to HI mode is feasible, if an equivalent task set derived from the original is schedulable under plain EDF. On this basis, we can apply approximation techniques such as, e.g., the well-known Devi’s test to derive further tests that trade off accuracy versus complexity/runtime. Finally, we perform a detailed comparison with respect to weighted schedulability on synthetic data illustrating benefits by the proposed technique.
HoloPointer: a virtual augmented reality pointer for laparoscopic surgery training
Authors: Heinrich Florian , Huettl Florentine , Schmidt Gerd , Paschold Markus , Kneist Werner , Huber Tobias , Hansen Christian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
In laparoscopic surgery training, experts guide novice physicians to desired instrument positions or indicate relevant areas of interest. These instructions are usually given via verbal communication or using physical pointing devices. To facilitate a sterile work flow and to improve training, new guiding methods are needed. This work proposes to use optical see-through augmented reality to visualize an interactive virtual pointer on the laparoscopic.

Methods
After an interdisciplinary development, the pointer’s applicability and feasibility for training was evaluated and it was compared to a standard condition based on verbal and gestural communication only. In this study, ten surgical trainees were guided by an experienced trainer during cholecystectomies on a laparoscopic training simulator. All trainees completed a virtual cholecystectomy with and without the interactive virtual pointer in alternating order. Measures included procedure time, economy of movement and error rates.

Results
Results of standardized variables revealed significantly improved economy of movement (p = 0.047) and error rates (p = 0.047), as well as an overall improved user performance (Total z-score; p = 0.031) in conditions using the proposed method.

Conclusion
The proposed HoloPointer is a feasible and applicable tool for laparoscopic surgery training. It improved objective performance metrics without prolongation of the task completion time in this pre-clinical setup.
An Epidemiological Study of Cut Throat Injury During COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Acharya Souvagini , Dash Rajat Kumar , Das Aurobinda , Hota Madhusmita , Mohapatra Chittaranjan , Dash Sarita 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo find out incidence, prevalence, various modes and pattern of cutthroat injury during COVID-19 pandemic and compare with prior non pandemic period. To find out the various factor influencing the suicidal cutthroat and establish the temporal association of suicidal cutthroat with COVID-19 pandemic. It is a retrospective study of cutthroat patients who were managed in ENT Dept. VIMSAR, Burla, Sambalur, Odisha, India from 1st September 2019 to 31st August 2020. Source of information are casualty, IPD and OT registers and online data. Total cases were divided into group-A (prior to COVID-19 pandemic) and group-B (during COVID-19 pandemic) and analysed. Total 24 cutthroat injury cases were treated over 1 year in department of ENT, VIMSAR, Burla, which was 0.054% of total cases attended at casualty and 2.371% of total IPD patients treated. In GROUP-A, total 10 cases with M:F = 9:1,suicidal 4 cases (40%), homicidal 6 cases (60%), and no accidental cases were recorded. While in GROUP-B, total 14 case with M:F = 14:0, suicidal 9 cases (64.28%), homicidal 3 cases (21.42%) and accidental 2 (14.28%) cases were recorded. In our study majority of cases were male with M:F = 23:1. Common age group belongs to 20–30 years with LSES and farmer by occupation. Zone II injury had incidence of 70.83%. Homicide cases proportionally high during non-COVID period while suicide cases high during COVID-19 pandemic. Association of COVID-19 pandemic with suicidal cut throat injury is seems to be significant. Among predisposing risk factors for suicidal, depression during COVID-19 pandemic had seen in 53.84% of total suicidal cases. Incidence and prevalence of Cut throat injury is comparatively high in western odisha which again increases during months of July and August parallel to COVID-19 pandemic. The common mode of cutthroat injury is homicidal, which suddenly changes to suicidal during COVID-19 pandemic. More vulnerable groups were young unemployed male, farmers and labours. Cutthroat injury cases definitely increases during COVID-19 pandemic with most common mode of injury being suicidal attempt, which may be due to economical and psychological imbalances, due to loss of job and fear and social stigma for COVID-19 diseases.
Sharp Sobolev Inequalities via Projection Averages
Authors: Kniefacz Philipp , Schuster Franz E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA family of sharp $$L^p$$

L
p

Sobolev inequalities is established by averaging the length of i-dimensional projections of the gradient of a function. Moreover, it is shown that each of these new inequalities directly implies the classical $$L^p$$

L
p

Sobolev inequality of Aubin and Talenti and that the strongest member of this family is the only affine invariant one among them—the affine $$L^p$$

L
p

Sobolev inequality of Lutwak, Yang, and Zhang. When $$p = 1$$

p
=
1

, the entire family of new Sobolev inequalities is extended to functions of bounded variation to also allow for a complete classification of all extremal functions in this case.
Does project focus influence challenges and opportunities of open online education? A sub-group analysis of group-concept mapping data
Authors: Schophuizen Martine , Kreijns Karel , Stoyanov Slavi , Rosas Scott , Kalz Marco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOpenness in education is not a consistent term or value since “open” is used to describe various things and often means different things to different individuals. In a research context, it is important to identify the many interpretation(s) and perspectives of openness being investigated, especially since the underlying ideas behind these different interpretations and contexts can yield different results. Not much empirical research on the implementation aspects of open education exists, especially comparing open educational resources (OER) and open online education (OOE). This empirical study addresses this gap, exploring identification and prioritization of organizational challenges and opportunities of two subgroups of projects (i.e. OER focused or OOE focused) within various higher education institutions in The Netherlands. The main research question in this study is: Does the project character (OER focus vs. OOE focus) of innovation projects lead to perceived differences by actors involved in their implementation? Findings indicate that there are differences in conceptual as well as practical representation between the two groups. These findings imply that higher education institutions need to internally adapt to the needs of various manifestations of “openness” to be able to fully benefit from opportunities and overcome challenges.