bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new polymorph of tetrakis(dimethylammonium) catena-poly[tetrakis(μ
2-sulfato-κ
2
O:O′)dizinc(II)], Zn2C8H32N4O16S4
Authors: Meng Gaoxiang , Li Zhou , Yang Yongming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Zn

2

C
8

H

32

N
4

O

16

S
4

${\text{Zn}}_{2}{\text{C}}_{8}{\text{H}}_{32}{\text{N}}_{4}{\text{O}}_{16}{\text{S}}_{4}$

, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 9.0313(9) Å, b = 9.6075(14) Å, c = 15.3044(15) Å, α = 89.933(2)°, β = 78.579(1)°, γ = 68.878(1)°, V = 1210.6(2) Å3, Z = 2,

R

g
t

${R}_{gt}$

(F) = 0.0323,

w

R

ref

$w{R}_{\mathit{ref}}$

(F
2) = 0.1043, T = 100(2) K.
The crystal structure of 5H-dibenzo[b,e]azepine-6,11-dione, C14H9NO2
Authors: Wang Li-Hua , Zhou Xiao-Jing , Liu Li-Li , Zhang Ai-Ling , Tai Xi-Shi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
C14H9NO2, orthorhombic, Pca21 (no. 29), a = 27.190(4) Å, b = 4.3317(6) Å, c = 17.297(2) Å, V = 2037.2(5) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0524, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1122, T = 150.0(1) K.
The crystal structure of 2,4-dimethylimidazole monohydrate, C5H10N2O
Authors: Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
C5H10N2O, monoclinic, Ia (no. 9), a = 4.7212(4) Å, b = 11.1424(8) Å, c = 12.8211(9) Å, β = 94.349(3)°, V = 672.52(9) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0280, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0821, T = 200 K.
The crystal structure of 1,2-dimethylimidazole, C5H8N2
Authors: Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
C5H8N2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.2492(6) Å, b = 7.2496(5) Å, c = 9.2882(7) Å, β = 99.214(2)°, V = 548.30(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0477, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1400, T = 200 K.
Interactive effects of Potato virus Y and Potato leafroll virus infection on potato yields in Uganda
Authors: Byarugaba Arinaitwe Abel , Mukasa Settumba B. , Barekye Alex , Rubaihayo Patrick R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Potatoes are prone to attack by multiple viruses, which contribute greatly to yield and quality decline depending on the cultivar and the virus involved. This study investigated the effect of co-infection involving Potato virus Y (potyvirus) and Potato leafroll Virus (pelero virus) on productivity of five potato cultivars in Uganda and the nature of virus interaction during co-infection process. Variety response to virus infection by PVY, PLRV and co-infection (PVY + PLRV) varied across different varieties. The plants that were infected with PLRV had leaf rolling, stuntedness, leaf distortion, reduction in leaf size and mottling and light yellow mosaics, and in some cases, purple or red margins were observed, while single infection of PVY induced necrosis, leaf rugosity, crinkling, stunting, interveinal necrosis, blotching of the margins, leaf distortion and mottling. When the two viruses were combined during co-infection with PVY + PLRV, the symptoms were characterized by bright blotching and necrotic leaf margins with purpling of the leaf tips and leaf margins, stuntedness and leaf distortions. The virus disease severity was higher under mixed infected plants than single infected plants. The high disease severity culminated in a significant effect on yield, marketable tuber number per plant, plant growth height and plant vigor, which were different across the varieties. Co-infection involving PVY and PLRV caused a reduction in the marketable yield of 95.2% (Kinigi), 94% (Victoria), 89.5 (Rwagume), 45.3% (Royal) and 23.7% (Sifra). Single infection by PLRV caused a reduction in a marketable yield in Victoria (91.8%), Kinigi (84.8%), Rwagume (73.3%), Royal (47.2%) and Sifra 22.1%, while PVY caused a marketable yield reduction in Victoria (87.2%), Rwagume (85.9.7%), Kinigi (85.1%), Royal (37.4%) and Sifra (14.1%). The effects associated with the co-infection of PVY and PLRV were lower than the combined value of the single infections, suggesting that the two viruses were interacting to affect the potato productivity. The high yield loss suggested that effective resistance strategy targeting PVY, PLRV and their combination was required to save the potato industry in Uganda.
Why the Hardship? Islam, Christianity, and Instrumental Affliction
Authors: Pieper Christopher Nicolas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractViewing hardship through the Western tradition of theodicy, Western theologians and philosophers sometimes approach their Muslim neighbors with questions about the Islamic perspective on suffering. But merely by asking about “suffering,” these Western friends already project a theological category foreign to most Muslims, particularly those from a non-Western background. In order for Christian and post-Christian Westerners to understand the Islamic approach to hardship, they must first learn to distinguish between affliction and suffering. This requires a careful look at the creation narratives each tradition tells: for example, does God initiate human affliction? And what does the answer to this question say about the nature of affliction, if God is also good? Answering these queries helps one to distinguish Christian and Islamic responses to catastrophe, pain, and even violence. Furthermore, examining the koranic reply may redirect Western persons to teachings within the biblical tradition, which Christians often overlook or avoid. The instrumental role of affliction is relatively unpopular in the West, but dialogue with Islam uncovers the fact that it is a concept neither alien nor unimportant to biblical teaching. In fact, God’s repurposing of affliction is vital to Christian doctrine. Dialogue with Islam may help to recover this Christian lesson.
Calculation of focal values for first-order non-autonomous equation with algebraic and trigonometric coefficients
Authors: Akram Saima , Nawaz Allah , Abdeljawad Thabet , Ghaffar Abdul , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article concerns with the development of the number of focal values. We analyzed periodic solutions for first-order cubic non-autonomous ordinary differential equations. Bifurcation analysis for periodic solutions from a fine focus {\mathfrak{z}}=0 is also examined. In particular, we are interested to detect the maximum number of periodic solutions for various classes of higher order in which a given solution can bifurcate under perturbation of the coefficients. We calculate the maximum number of periodic solutions for different classes, namely, {C}_{10,5} and {C}_{12,6} with trigonometric coefficients, and they are found with nine and eight multiplicities at most. The classes {C}_{8,3} and {C}_{8,4} with algebraic coefficients have at most eight limit cycles. The new formula {\varkappa }_{10} is developed by which we succeeded to find highest known multiplicity ten for class {C}_{\mathrm{9,3}} with polynomial coefficient. Periodicity is calculated for both trigonometric and algebraic coefficients. Few examples are also considered to explain the applicability and stability of the methods presented.
Possible role of Unani Pharmacology in COVID-19 – a narrative review
Authors: Alam Md Anzar , Gani Mohd Abdul , Shama G. , Sofi Ghulamuddin , Quamri Mohd Aleemuddin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), viral diseases continue to rise, and pose a significant public health problem. Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is close to Amraz-e-Wabai (epidemic diseases) which was described by Hippocrates, Galen, Aristotle, Razes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna, Jurjani etc. Presently, there is no specific or challenging treatment available for COVID-19. Renowned Unani Scholars recommended during epidemic situation to stay at home, and fumigate the shelters with aromatics herbs like Ood kham (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb.), Kundur (Boswellia serrata Roxb), Kafoor (Cinnamomum camphora L.), Sandal (Santalum album L), Hing (Ferula foetida L.) etc. Use of specific Unani formulations are claimed effective for the management of such epidemic or pandemic situation like antidotes (Tiryaqe Wabai, Tiryaqe Arba, Tiryaqe Azam, Gile Armani), Herbal Decoction (Joshandah), along with Sharbate Khaksi, Habbe Bukhar, Sharbate Zanjabeel, Khamira Marwareed, Jawarish Jalinus, and Sirka (vinegar). Such drugs are claimed for use as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, cardiotonic, and general tonic actions. The study enumerates the literature regarding management of epidemics in Unani medicine and attempts to look the same in the perspective of COVID-19 prevention and management.
COVID-19 in age-related neurodegenerative diseases: is there a role for vitamin D3 as a possible therapeutic strategy?
Authors: de Barros Viana Milena , Rosário Bárbara dos Anjos , de Fátima Santana de Nazaré Maria , Estadella Débora , Ribeiro Daniel Araki , Socorro de Barros Viana Glauce 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19), identified in Wuhan, China, on December 2019, was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, on March, 2020. Since then, efforts have been gathered to describe its clinical course and to determine preventive measures and treatment strategies. Adults older than 65 years of age are more susceptible to serious clinical symptoms and present higher mortality rates. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a major receptor for some coronavirus infection, including SARS-COV-2, but is also a crucial determinant in anti-inflammation processes during the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) functioning – converting angiotensin II to angiotensin 1–7. The decline in ACE2 expression that occurs with aging has been associated to the higher morbidity and mortality rates in older adults. These observations highlight the importance of investigating the association between COVID-19 and age-related neurodegenerative disorders, i.e., Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. A possible option to reduce the risk of COVID-19 is vitamin D supplementation, due to its anti-inflammatory and immune-system-modulating effects. It has also been suggested that vitamin D supplementation plays a role in slowing progression of Parkinson and Alzheimer. The present study is a literature review of articles published on the theme COVID-19, Parkinson and Alzheimer’s diseases, and the role played by vitamin D. PUBMED, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases were consulted. Results confirm neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory effects of COVID-19, aggravated in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s patients, and the important role of vitamin D as a possible therapeutic strategy. Nevertheless, randomized controlled trials and large population studies are still warranted.
Does an Inclusive Citizenship Law Promote Economic Development?
Authors: Imam Patrick Amir , Kpodar Kangni 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of citizenship laws on economic development. We first document the evolution of citizenship laws around the world, highlighting the main features of jus soli, jus sanguinis as well as mixed regimes, and shedding light on the channels through which they could have differentiated impact on economic development. We then compile a data set of citizenship laws around the world. Using cross-country regressions, panel-data techniques, as well as the synthetic control method and subjecting the results to a battery of tests, we find robust evidence that jus soli laws—being more inclusive—lead to higher income levels than alternative citizenship rules in developing countries, though to a less extent in countries with stronger institutional environment.
Sigmund von Birken, der Literaturbetrieb, Netzwerke und Werkpolitik
Authors: Mahlmann-Bauer Barbara 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sigmund von Birken belongs to the »Trio of poets from Nürnberg«, together with Georg Philipp Harsdörffer and Johann Klaj whose posthumous fame is mainly due to their pastoral poetry with fullsounding verses in praise of peace and love. Birken started his career with an enormous upshot as organizer of multi-media spectacles during the peace ceremony in Nürnberg in 1650. Apart from his hymns and pastoral love poems, Birken’s poetry does not belong to the canon of early modern literature in Germany. If he had lived longer, he would probably have edited later all those poems which he had written on demand for special occasions and immediately published as separate brochures or leaflets in at least four huge volumes. He would have properly arranged love poems, odes in praise of friendship, poems dedicated to noblemen and civilians, hymns and secular songs, starting like his famous predecessors with his Latin verses. This ambitious publication project is outlined in his manuscript collections, but was not realized during Birken’s lifetime. To correct for this oversight, the commented edition of Birken’s complete poetic manuscripts, which was recently finished by Hartmut Laufhütte, gives a broad impression of his talents as a playful virtuoso in all kinds of genres, teacher of poetry, advisor, ›ghostwriter‹ and promotor of young poets, male and female alike. His diaries and correspondence account for his enormous productivity and versatility, thus enabling modern readers to watch him during the creative procedure more closely than any other German poet of his time. The edition of Birken’s manuscripts is on the same scale as a few other recently completed long term editions of early modern German ego-documents and poetry and sets high standards for further editions.
Literatur und Problemdenken
Authors: Berning Matthias 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With the term ›problem thinking‹ Nicolai Hartmann points to a core idea - not only of modern philosophy: In addition to paradoxes and aporias, there are many unsolvable problems that need to be described precisely, because they can make the limits of possible knowledge or the finding of consent in discourses visible. A literary history of problems can identify such unsolved problems in literary texts and attempt to reconstruct the historical context. This essay demonstrates this technique through the example of two of Brecht's Geschichten von Herrn Keuner.
Fabrication and performance of PNN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics obtained by low-temperature sintering
Authors: Zhang Jing , Zhang Yuansong , Yan Zhoumin , Wang Anjiu , Jiang Ping , Zhong Min 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-Pb(Zr
x
Ti1−x
)O3 (PNN-PZT) piezoelectric ceramics with CuO and LiBiO2 doping were successfully fabricated by the low-temperature solid-state reaction to effectively restrain the PbO volatilization. The microstructure and electrical properties of the PNN-PZT ceramics were characterized. The experimental results reveal that the PNN-PZT ceramics are composed of a pure perovskite structure in which the rhombohedral and tetragonal phases coexist. Meanwhile, the good electric properties, including low dielectric loss, outstanding diffusion phase transition and palpable dielectric relaxation, are exhibited in PNN-PZT ceramics with 0.2 wt.% CuO and 1 wt.% LiBiO2 addition. This piezoceramic composition possibly provides a reference for the application of multi-layer piezoelectric actuators.
The ‘sun’ shinning upon the ‘ever-lasting’ country: a diachronic analysis of Iranian national anthems during the 20th century
Authors: Adibeik Arezoo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Iran has undergone a metamorphosis in its ideological and national identity due to its historical upheavals in the past century, e.g. the Persian Constitutional Revolution (1906–11), Islamic Revolution (1979), Iran-Iraq War (1980–1988). This paper aims to present the diachronic changes in the Iranian official national anthems’ lyrics. Through a critical discourse lens, I demonstrate how the socio-political changes have influenced these anthems and how such transformations have shaped the ideological identities of Iranians’ pre- and post-Islamic revolution to outsiders via lyrics. More specifically, I show how these identities are constructed through texts and via intertextual means. The findings display that the changes in Iranian anthems not only index a socio-historical transformation, but also a kind of acceleration in terms of political developments in contemporary Iran, and the ways in which the leaders may have employed their own ideological views to project Iranian identities.
Role of prefrontal cortex during Sudoku task: fNIRS study
Authors: Ashlesh Patil , Deepak Kishore K. , Preet Kochhar Kanwal 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Sudoku is a popular cognitively stimulating leisure-time activity. Many studies have been directed toward finding an algorithm to solve Sudoku, but the investigation of the neural substrates involved in Sudoku has been challenging.

Methods
Sudoku task was divided into two steps to understand the differential function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) while applying heuristic rules. PFC activity was recorded at 16 optode locations using functional near infrared spectroscopy. Classical two-way analysis of variance as well as general linear model-based approach was used to analyze the data from 28 noise-free recordings obtained from right-handed participants.

Results

Post hoc analysis showed a significant increase in oxyhemoglobin concentrations and decrease in deoxyhemoglobin concentrations at all 16 optode locations during step 1 (3 × 3 subgrids) and step 2 (easy level 9 × 9 Sudoku) when compared with the rest (p < 0.0001). Contrasting the step 2 – step 1 revealed that medial regions of PFC were preferentially activated.

Conclusion
Both the medial and lateral regions of PFC are activated during Sudoku task. However, the medial regions of PFC play a differential role, especially when we consider searching and selecting the heuristic rules. Thus, Sudoku may be used for cognitive remediation training in neuropsychiatric disorders involving PFC.
From Bab el-Nasr to Matariya
Authors: Connor Simon , Al-Ella Khaled Abou 
Published: November 2020

Summary
In Autumn 2018, the decision was taken to remove two quartzite sphinxes from a modern reconstruction of a postern next to Bab el-Nasr, Cairo. The two statues were thus moved to the open-air museum of Matariya, where they were most probably standing in the first place, on the site of the ancient Heliopolis. This article intends to provide documentation concerning the journey of these two pieces that await to be published. They represent key pieces in the understanding of the fate of the sculptural material once adorning the ancient city of Heliopolis.
Rekonstruktion des Ursprungs und Neudatierung zweier magischer Gemmen mit Hilfe einer Zauberzeichensequenz
Authors: Dzwiza Kirsten 
Published: November 2020

Summary
There are only a few sequences of ancient magic signs known to us today that have been preserved on multiple artefacts. A previously unnoticed sequence of 17 signs on a gem in the Museum of Fine Arts in Vienna occurs with minor but significant variations on two other gems in the State Museum of Egyptian Art in Munich. The Viennese gem is dated to the 16th century and is documented as a drawing in a 17th century publication. The first Munich gem has been assigned to the Graeco-Roman period. The second gem, which, according to the inventory card of the museum, also belongs to the Graeco-Roman period, is published here for the first time. A comparative study of the three gems and the drawing has lead to a number of new findings, including the re-dating of the Munich gems.
Notes on Coptic Possessive Predication
Authors: Speransky Nina 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The aim of this paper is to present a linguistically valid description of Coptic (or, more precisely, Sahidic) possessive predication construction, both from the diachronic and the synchronic points of view. The first section treats the complex possessive predication system in Demotic, largely based upon Quack 2020 with some additional observations. The second section discusses possible causes for the shift of the possessor-argument, introduced by the preposition mtw-, to the immediate proximity of the existential verboid wn-. Section 3 aims to explain the origin and the usage of the double suffix possessive pattern (ⲉⲧⲉⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ-ⲓ-ϥ). Section 4 deals with argument marking in the Sahidic possessive predication, looking for the features that speak for or against the ‘have-drift’. Section 5 discusses the syntactic alternatives of the ⲟⲩⲛⲧⲁ-pattern. The final section attempts to find the semantic mechanisms behind the use of the adverb ⲙⲙⲁⲩ in the basic possessive predication pattern.
Studies on birefringence, order parameter and image analysis of liquid crystalline p-n butyloxy/butyl benzoic acid with dispersed ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Jayaprada P. , Pardhasaradhi P. , Madhav B. T. P. , Reddy K. Krishna , Sekhara Reddy D. Rama , Giridhar G. , Rao M. C. , Manepalli R. K. N. R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractZnO nanoparticles (nps) have wide range of applications and improve the optical parameters of molecules of soft liquid crystalline (LC) materials. The present paper mainly discusses the optical studies on LC materials regarding p-n-butyloxybenzoic acid (4oba) and p-n-butylbenzoic (4ba) compound along with homogeneous dispersion of ZnO nps in lower weight concentration, i.e., 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 wt%. The existence and size of ZnO nps in LC compounds are well determined through spectroscopic techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The temperatures of LC compounds and phase transitions are determined by using polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) which is found to decrease with increasing concentration of dispersed ZnO nps. Image enhancement with visual quality matrix method is used to improve the quality of the image. Specially designed wedge-shaped modified spectrometer is used to determine the refractive indices with different wavelengths (460, 500, 570 and 635 nm). The refractive indices measured are fitted with two and three coefficient Cauchy model. Further, the order parameterSof the molecules of 4ba and 4oba with dispersed ZnO nps are determined by molecular field models namely Kuczynski, Vuks and effective geometry model, respectively. From the data, it is found that the values of birefringence (δn) and order parameter (S) of the molecules of 4oba and 4ba are enhanced with the dispersion of ZnO nps with increasing weight concentrations in the stabilized nematic thermal region.
Synergistic impact of cellulose nanocrystals with multiple resins on thermal and mechanical behavior
Authors: Zheng Jieyuan , Aziz Tariq , Fan Hong , Haq Fazal , Ullah Khan Farman , Ullah Roh , Ullah Bakhtar , Saeed Khattak Noor , Wei Jiao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) surface modified with phenolic and acrylic resins were investigated for different properties such as thermally stability and adhesive property, the mechanical properties of CNCs and interactions of the resulting materials at a micro-level are very important. Phenolic resins are of great interest due to their smooth structure, low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation. However, the high spray rates and poor mechanical properties limit its use for external insulation of buildings. Acrylic resins are used as a matrix resin for adhesives and composites due to their adhesion, mechanical properties, and their good chemical resistance. The brittleness of acrylic resins makes them less attractive than the structural materials, being much harder. For this reason, most of the resins are modified with suitable elastomers, which act as hardeners. Therefore, treatment of these compounds is necessary. In this research paper, the effect of CNCs surface on phenolic and acrylic resins were investigated to obtain an optimized surface using three different weight (wt%) ratios of CNCs. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-rays diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the structure, and investigate different properties of CNCs. Furthermore, the Zwick/Roell Z020 model was used to investigate the adhesion properties of the phenolic and acrylic resins with CNCs.