bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schizophrenia patients with a metabolically abnormal obese phenotype have milder negative symptoms
Authors: Wang Juan , Zhang Yulong , Liu Zhiwei , Yang Yating , Zhong Yi , Ning Xiaoshuai , Zhang Yelei , Zhao Tongtong , Xia Lei , Geng Feng , Tao Rui , Fan Mei , Ren Zhenhua , Liu Huanzhong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia patients with a metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) phenotype have been shown poor cardiovascular outcomes, but the characteristics of their current mental symptoms have not been characterized. This study mainly explored the psychiatric symptoms of schizophrenia patients with the MAO phenotype.Methods: A total of 329 patients with schizophrenia and 175 sex- and age-matched people without schizophrenia from Anhui Province in China were enrolled. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the mental symptoms of the schizophrenia patients. The MAO phenotype was defined as meeting 1-4 metabolic syndrome criteria (excluding waist circumference) and having a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m 2 . And, metabolically healthy normal-weight (MHNW) phenotype was defined as meeting 0 criteria for metabolic syndrome and 18.5 ≤ BMI < 24 kg/m 2.Results: Overall, 15.8% of the schizophrenia patients and 9.1% of the control group were consistent with the MAO phenotype, and the prevalence of MAO in the schizophrenia group was higher than that in the control group. Among the patients with schizophrenia, the MAO group had lower negative factor, cognitive factor and total PANSS scores than the MHNW group. However, when confounding factors were controlled, only the negative factor remained lower. The correlation analysis showed that the MAO phenotype was strongly correlated with C-peptide and insulin levels.Conclusion: we found that schizophrenia patients with the MAO phenotype had reduced negative symptoms, which may indicate an internal mechanism linking metabolic disorders and negative symptoms.Trial registration: This study was registered in the China Clinical Trial Registration Center (No. chiCTR 1800017044)
Patient and befriender experiences of participating in a befriending programme for adults with psychosis: A qualitative study.
Authors: Burn Erin , Chevalier Agnes , Leverton Monica , Priebe Stefan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Befriending is a popular form of volunteering in health care, and research suggests that it can be beneficial for people with mental illness. This study aimed to explore the experiences of a large sample of volunteer befrienders and patients who participated in the same befriending programme for individuals with psychosis.Methods A series of semi-structured interviews were conducted with 34 befrienders and 28 participating patients. All participants who had participated in at least one befriending session were invited to take part in an ending interview about their experiences. This aimed to include a wide range of views, including those who had withdrawn from the befriending programme. The data was analysed using Thematic Analysis.Results Four broad themes were developed from the analysis of the befriender and patient interviews: 1) Bridging the gap, 2) A genuine relationship that developed over time, 3) A big commitment, 4) A flexible approach.Conclusions The results indicate that a befriending programme for individuals with psychosis can be a worthwhile experience for both befrienders and patients. However it also requires perseverance, flexibility and patience. Different factors have to be considered in the development and management of a befriending programme to provide effective support to both befrienders and patients.Declaration of conflicting interests None
Further Development of the 12-item EDE-QS: Identifying a Cut-Point for Screening Purposes
Authors: Prnjak Katarina , Mitchison Deborah , Griffiths Scott , Mond Jonathan , Gideon Nicole , Serpell Lucy , Hay Phillipa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The Eating Disorder Examination – Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS) was developed as a 12-item version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) with a 4-point response scale that assesses eating disorder (ED) symptoms over the preceding 7 days. It has demonstrated good psychometric properties at initial testing. The purpose of this brief report is to determine a threshold score that could be used in screening for probable ED cases in community settings. Methods Data collected from Gideon et al. (2016) were re-analyzed. In their study, 559 participants (80.86% female; 9.66% self-reported ED diagnosis) completed the EDE-Q, EDE-QS, SCOFF, and Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA). Discriminatory power was compared between ED instruments using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Results A score of 15 emerged as the threshold that ensured the best trade-off between sensitivity (.83) and specificity (.85), and good positive predictive value (.37) for the EDE-QS, with discriminatory power comparable to other ED instruments. Conclusion The EDE-QS appears to be an instrument with good discriminatory power that could be used for ED screening purposes.
Evidence on the capacity of severe mental disorder patients to make well-founded decisions about their healthcare: a meta-review
Authors: Calcedo-Barba Alfredo , Fructuoso Ana , Raga José Martinez , Paz Silvia , de Carmona Manuel Sanchez , Pons Enric Vicens 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Determining the mental capacity of psychiatric patients for making decisions regarding treatment acceptance or refusal is crucial in clinical practice. This meta-review of review articles comprehensively examines the current evidence on the capacity of patients with a mental illness to make well-founded medical care decisions. Methods Systematic review of literature review articles following PRISMA recommendations. PubMed, Scopus and CINAHL were electronically searched up to 30 September 2019. Free text searches and medical subject headings in English were combined. Publications were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. The AMSTAR 2 tool was used to assess the quality of reviews. Results Thirteen publications were reviewed. In one review, up to 67% of patients in a mixed psychiatric population had capacity to decide about admissions; 71% (median) had capacity for making decisions about treatments. In another, community-dwelling or clinically stable psychiatric outpatients were close to non-psychiatric subjects in decision capacity performance. In a third review, people with psychosis had moderately impaired risk-reward decision-making ability compared with healthy individuals (g =-0.57, 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.48; I 2 45%), and were more likely to value rewards over losses (k = 6, N = 516, g = 0.38, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.70, I 2 64%) and to base decisions on recent rather than past outcomes (k = 6, N =516, g = 0.30, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.65, I 2 68%). In a fourth review, future care (crisis) planning led to a 40% reduction in the use of compulsory inpatient treatment over 15 to 18 months. In other reviews, patients with mental illness were able to provide valid preference measures and gave sufficiently consistent answers regarding their preferred treatments. Decision-making responded favourably to interventions. The publications complied satisfactorily with the AMSTAR 2 critical domains. Conclusions Whilst impairments in decision-making capacity may exist, most patients with a severe mental disorder are able to make rational decisions about their care. Best practice strategies should help mentally ill patients grow into voluntary and safe users of medications, enabling them to keep a sense of control over their lives and enhancing their health-related quality of life.
A meta-analysis of the association between RGS4 gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia
Authors: Xu Feng-ling , Wu Xue , Liu Li , Xia Xi , Li Ya , Yao Jun , Wang Bao-jie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Schizophrenia is a complex brain disorder, the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Regulator of G-protein signaling 4 ( RGS4 ) is regarded as a candidate gene for schizophrenia risk. The association between the RGS4 gene and the risk of schizophrenia is complicated and controversial, thus, an updated meta-analysis is needed. Methods: A search strategy using Medical Subject Headings was developed in English (PubMed, SZGene) and Chinese (CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu) databases. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to screen for eligible studies. Parameters, such as P -value of Hardy − Weinberg equilibrium ( P HWE ), odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), P -values of association ( P z ,), heterogeneity ( P h ), and publication bias ( P e ), were analyzed by the Stata software using a random effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed to detect heterogeneity. Results: There were 15 articles regarding rs10917670 (8,046 cases and 8,837 controls), 16 regarding rs951436 (8,990 cases and 10,568 controls), 15 regarding rs951439 (7,995 cases and 8,646 controls), 15 regarding rs2661319 (8,320 cases and 9,440 controls), and 4 regarding rs10759 (2,752 cases and 2,866 controls). The frequencies of rs10917670 and rs951439 were not significantly different between the case and control groups (p > 0.05). As shown by the East Asian and hospital-based subgroup analyses, the genotype TT of rs951436 might be related to the risk of schizophrenia. The genotypes CC+CT of rs2661319 and CC+CA of rs10759 were statistically different between the two groups, and the East Asian population contributed to these differences. Conclusion: The genotypes CC+CT of rs2661319 and CC+CA of rs10759 might be associated with the risk of schizophrenia.
Risk factors analysis and stratification for microscopically positive resection margin in gastric cancer patients
Authors: kumazu yuta , Hayashi Tsutomu , Yoshikawa Takaki , Yamada Takanobu , Hara Kentaro , Shimoda Yota , Nakazono Masato , Nagasawa Shinsuke , Shiozawa Manabu , Morinaga Soichiro , Rino Yasushi , Masuda Munetaka , Ogata Takashi , Oshima Takashi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer cells are often found postoperatively at surgical resection margins (RM) in patients with gastric cancer because of submucosal infiltration or hesitation to secure adequate RM. This study was designed to evaluate risk factors for microscopic positive RM and to clarify which patients should undergo intraoperative frozen section diagnosis (IFSD). Methods: Patients who underwent R0/1 gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma between 2000 and 2018 in a single cancer center in Japan were studied. We divided the patients into a positive RM group and negative RM group according to the results of definitive histopathological examinations. We performed multivariate analysis to analyze risk factors for positive RM by and used the identified risk factors to risk stratify the patients. Results: A total of 2757 patients were studied, including 49 (1.8%) in the positive RM group. The risk factors significantly associated with positive RM were remnant gastric cancer (odds ratio [OR] 4.7), esophageal invasion (OR 6.3), tumor size ≥80 mm (OR 3.9), and a histopathological diagnosis of undifferentiated type (OR 3.6), macroscopic type 4 (OR 3.7), or pT4 disease (OR 4.6). On risk stratification analysis, the incidence of positive RM was 0.1% without any risk factors, increasing to 0.4% with one risk factor, 3.1% with two risk factors, 5.3% with three risk factors, 21.3% with four risk factors, and 85.7% with five risk factors. Conclusions: The risk of macroscopically positive RM increased in patients who have risk factors. IFSD should be performed in patients who have four or more risk factors.
Asthma control level in Finland among asthmatics with smoking history: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Helin Timo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Surprisingly little is known about asthma control level of smoking asthmatics. The aim of this study was to investigate asthma control level, according to GINA guidelines, among asthmatics with smoking history.One hundred and ninety asthmatics from primary care were investigated. The patients were current or ex-smokers with history of 10 or more pack-years. They completed a questionnaire, with questions set according to the GINA guidelines, so that their asthma control level (well controlled, partly controlled, uncontrolled) according to GINA could be determined.According to GINA guidelines, 66 (34.7%) patients had their asthma well controlled, 81 (42.6%) had their asthma partly controlled, and 43 (22.6%) were uncontrolled. Current smokers had more often uncontrolled asthma than ex-smokers OR 2.54 (95%CI 1.25-5.14, p=0.01). Patients with asthma exacerbation during the previous year had uncontrolled asthma more often than the patients without exacerbation OR 2.17 (95%CI 1.06-4.47, p=0.04), and patients with FEV1 < 80% of predicted had their asthma more often uncontrolled than patients with FEV1 > 80% of predicted OR 2.04 (95%CI 1.02-4.08, p=0.04).Primary care asthmatic patients who are either current or ex-smokers, are often not well controlled. The asthma control level was associated with current smoking status. Therefore, every attempt should be made to get smoking asthmatics to quit smoking.
Value of visceral fat area in normal body mass index (BMI) patients is a predictive factor for peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer: A prospective study
Authors: Mao Chenchen , Shi Mingming , Chen Hui , Xu Libin , Huang He , Shen Xian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Although peritoneal metastasis (PM) is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC) patients, it is difficult to discriminate preoperatively. Our previous study has demonstrated visceral fat area (VFA) is a better obesity index than body mass index (BMI) in predicting abdominal metastasis. Aim This study aimed to further explore the relationship between obesity and PM. Methods VFA was retrieved for 859 consecutive patients undergoing radical gastrectomy between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2013. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the BMI-specific cutoff values for VFA. Univariate and multivariate analyses evaluating the risk factors for PM at different BMI levels were performed. Results The optimal cutoff values for VFA were 67.28, 88.03, and 175.32 cm 2 for low, normal, and high BMI patients, respectively, and 18 (15.52%), 220 (40.15%), and 61 (31.28%) patients were classified as having high VFA in each group. Univariate logistic regression revealed that the association between high VFA and PM was not dependent on BMI (odds ratio [OR]=9.048, P=0.007 for low BMI, OR=3.827, P<0.001 for normal BMI, and OR=2.460, P=0.049 for high BMI). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, high VFA (OR=3.816, P<0.001) and vascular invasion (OR=1.951, P=0.039) were independent risk factors for PM only in the normal BMI group. Conclusions VFA only effectively predicted PM for GC patients with normal BMI, rather than those with low and high BMI. More attentions should be paid to those GC patients with high VFA and normal BMI.
The prognostic value of long non-coding RNA PlncRNA-1 in patients with cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lei Lijun , Sheng Lianbing , Wu Lingyuan , Liu Jiaojing , Wei Bin , Liu Song , Xue Zhiwei , Yang Huijun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background We performed this meta-analysis to elucidate whether the expression of PlncRNA-1 might serve as an effective prognostic marker for various cancers. Methods We conducted a database search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Web of Science and CNKI database (up to Oct 31, 2019). The pooled hazard ratio (HR), odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the strength of the relationship between PlncRNA-1 expression and the clinical prognosis of cancer patients. Results The results showed that elevated PlncRNA-1 expression predicted a poor OS with pooled HRs of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.25-1.63, I 2 =63.1%, P=0.004). Likewise, we found that advanced tumour stages were associated with upregulated PlncRNA-1 expression in various cancer types (III–IV vs I–II: OR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.76-4.41, I 2 =0%, P=0.822),patients with high PlncRNA-1 expression might have an increased risk of large tumours (OR=2.03, 95% CI: 1.31-3.14, I 2 =67.1%, P=0.028). Conclusions PlncRNA-1 might be used as a prognostic biomarker and as a tool for the early detection of various tumours.
Prognostic factors and treatment strategy for metastatic myxoid liposarcoma
Authors: Shinoda Yusuke , Kobayashi Eisuke , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Mori Tomoaki , Asano Naofumi , Nakayama Robert , Morioka Hideo , Iwata Shintaro , Yonemoto Tsukasa , Ishii Takeshi , Hiruma Tohru , Kawai Akira , Kawano Hirotaka 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) has the tendency to metastasize extrapulmonary. Although prognostic factors at initial diagnosis of MLS have been reported, those at diagnosis of metastasis remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors for disease-specific survival at the initial diagnosis of metastasis. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted at three cancer centers and two university hospitals in Japan. Of 274 MLS patients pathologically diagnosed between 2001 and 2015, 48 metastatic patients were examined. Results Lung metastases were detected in nine patients (18.8%) and extrapulmonary metastases in 45 (93.8%). Interval from primary diagnosis to metastases was significantly shorter in patients with lung metastases than without ( p = 0.007). Median disease-specific survival after diagnosis of metastases was 52.5 months in all patients. In multivariable analysis, liver metastasis (hazard ratio (HR), 2.71 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00–7.09]) and no evidence of disease (NED) achieved by radical treatment (resection with or without radiation therapy, or radiation therapy ≥60 Gy) or semi-radical (radiation therapy ≥40 Gy) treatment were significantly related to survival (HR, 0.36; 95%CI [0.13–0.95]). The number of metastases (odds ratio (OR), 0.44; 95%CI [0.25–0.78]) and abdominal/retroperitoneal metastases (OR, 0.09; 95%CI [0.008–0.95]) were the significant inhibitory factors of achieving NED. Conclusions This is the first study to statistically demonstrate the importance of achieving NED with surgical resection or radiation therapy for longer survival in metastatic MLS patients. As number of metastases was a significant factor for achieving NED, early detection of metastases might be important.
Clinical features and laboratory&nbsp;inspection&nbsp;of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in Xiangyang, Hubei&nbsp;
Authors: Cao Weiliang , Shi Li , Chen Lin , Xu Xuemei , Wu Zirong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Since December 2019, a novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) rapidly spread in China, reached multiple continents currently.We aimed to reveal the infectious characteristics of COVID-19 that provide more information for the research of novel coronavirus. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on the clinical characteristics of 128 COVID-19 cases with laboratory-confirmed from Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital during January 2020 to 16 February 2020.Results: Female patients account for 53.1%. The aged below 20 years that accounts for 1.6% of overall patients. The aged in 21~50, 51~65, over 66 years were accounts for 44.5%, 35.1%,18.8%, respectively. In the difference age spectrum, all severe groups compared with non-severe groups were difference significantly ( P < 0.01 ). Fever ( 89.8% ) and Cough ( 67.2% ) were common clinical symptoms. The rate of patients with sore throats (14.1%) was rare. The rate of chest computed tomography scan showing ground glass opacity in overall, non-severe, severe groups were 63.3%, 60.7%, 76.2%, respectively. White blood cell counts in the normal range of overall patients, but severe group patients were increased significantly ( P < 0.01). Lymphocytes of overall patients were decreased. Alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in the normal range of overall patients, but its were elevated in the severe group. Creatinine (CR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of overall patients in the normal range. C-reactive protein (CRP) level of all patients were increased markedly, but it in the severe group was significantly higher than that in the non-severe group ( P < 0.01 ).Conclusions: Our data provide more information that advanced age, lower lymphocytes levels at the diagnosed COVID-19 patients may be a risk factor for unfavourable prognosis. The white blood cells and C-reactive protein level elevated in severe COVID-19 patients may be accompanying bacterial infection. 2019-nCov may be carries a risk factor of impaired liver and kidney function.
Preparation of multifunctional nanocomposites Fe3O4@SiO2–EDTA and its adsorption of heavy metal ions in water solution
Authors: Gong Tao , Tang Yongbai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Novel magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2-ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (adsorbent) CMS–COOH-modified magnetic materials, CMS was prepared by surface modification of amino-functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 (-NH2-modified magnetic materials, NMS) with EDTA using water-soluble carbodiimide as the cross-linker in deionized water solution. The phase structure, infrared spectra, thermal analysis and magnetic properties of were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry and its properties for removal of heavy metal ions under varied experimental conditions were also investigated. The results revealed that CMS had good tolerance to low pH and exhibited good removal efficiency for the metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacities of CMS were found to be 0.11 mmol g−1 for Cu(II) at pH5.0 (30 °C) and 0.14 mmol g−1 for Pb(II) ions at pH2.0 (30 °C).
Cellulose Nanofibrils-based Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Progresses and Challenges
Authors: Liu Huayu , Liu Kun , Han Xiao , Xie Hongxiang , Si Chuanling , Liu Wei , Bae Youngsoo 
Published: March 2020

Background:Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs) are natural nanomaterials with nanometer dimensions. Compared with ordinary cellulose, CNFs own good mechanical properties, large specific surface areas, high Young's modulus, strong hydrophilicity and other distinguishing characteristics, which make them widely used in many fields. This review aims to introduce the preparation of CNFs-based hydrogels and their recent biomedical application advances.Methods:By searching the recent literatures, we have summarized the preparation methods of CNFs, including mechanical methods and chemical mechanical methods, and also introduced the fabrication methods of CNFs-based hydrogels, including CNFs cross-linked with metal ion and with polymers. In addition, we have summarized the biomedical applications of CNFs-based hydrogels, including scaffold materials and wound dressings.Results:CNFs-based hydrogels are new types of materials that are non-toxic and display a certain mechanical strength. In the tissue scaffold application, they can provide a micro-environment for the damaged tissue to repair and regenerate it. In wound dressing applications, it can fit the wound surface and protect the wound from the external environment, thereby effectively promoting the healing of skin tissue.Conclusion:By summarizing the preparation and application of CNFs-based hydrogels, we have analyzed and forecasted their development trends. At present, the research of CNFs-based hydrogels is still in the laboratory stage. It needs further exploration to be applied in practice. The development of medical hydrogels with high mechanical properties and biocompatibility still poses significant challenges.