bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Underwater navigation with 2D forward looking SONAR: An adaptive unscented Kalman filter‐based strategy for AUVs
Authors: Franchi Matteo , Ridolfi Alessandro , Allotta Benedetto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOne of the most significant challenges in the underwater domain is to retrieve the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) position within the surrounding environment. Indeed, reliable navigation systems are fundamental to perform complex tasks and missions. Most of the navigation filters for AUVs are based on Bayesian estimators such as the linear Kalman Filter (KF), the extended KF, the unscented KF, or the particle filter where, usually, different instruments including a Doppler velocity log (DVL) contribute to the localization task. The usage of forward‐looking SONARs (FLS) in navigation‐aiding is, most of the time, devoted to limiting the navigation drift of the AUV by using simultaneous localization and mapping methods. Therefore, these devices are commonly employed with a standard navigation sensors set comprising an attitude heading reference system and a DVL. In this contribution, the authors propose a novel navigation strategy specifically tailored to AUVs based on an adaptive unscented KF, where linear speed estimations are obtained with a 2D FLS instead of with a DVL and therefore promoting the employment of FLSs as an aid for underwater navigation. The marine robotics community could gain significant benefits from reliable navigation achieved with an FLS‐based navigation architecture. Most importantly, a single FLS can be used for imaging‐related applications (i.e., sonograms acquisition) and navigation, where, instead, different dedicated devices are currently employed for the two tasks. Smaller AUVs usually possess reduced payload carrying capabilities; thus, multitasking use of onboard sensors, which leads to compactness, is a desirable feature. Navigation data obtained during sea trials performed in La Spezia (Italy) at the NATO STO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation has been used for offline validation. Afterward, the online results of real autonomous underwater missions undertaken in La Spezia (Italy) and at Vulcano Island, Messina (Italy), are reported.
Development of Silver Nanoparticles Decorated on Functional Glass Slide as Highly Efficient and Recyclable Dip Catalyst
Authors: Majhi Shukla , Sharma Keshav , Singh Renuka , Ali Mohd , Tripathi Chandra Shekhar Pati , Guin Debanjan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of a highly reusable and extremely efficient catalyst is still a fundamental as well as technological problem. Here, we report on the preparation and catalytic applications of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) immobilized on amine terminated glass slide as a dip catalyst for the transformation of nitrophenol, intramolecular cascade reaction and synthesis of 5‐Phenyl‐1H‐tetrazole. The dip catalyst system consists of AgNPs stabilized on microscopic glass slide as the support. AgNPs were decorated on the glass slide by modifying the glass surface with (3‐Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The dip catalyst was characterized using SEM, EDX, FTIR, and TEM, and AFM. This system is found to be stable in both organic and aquous solvents and exhibits excellent recyclability even at high temperatures. The catalyst was used for 20 cycles of nitrophenol reduction reaction and 5 cycles for other reactions in this study to test its efficiency. No any significant decrease was observed in the activity of the catalyst. We have also investigated the applicability of the AgNPs immobilized on functional glass slide as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate to understand the catalytic reduction reaction mechanism.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG‐400) Mediated One‐pot Green Synthesis of 4,7‐Dihydro‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines Under Catalyst‐free Conditions
Authors: Kerru Nagaraju , Gummidi Lalitha , Maddila Suresh , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolyethylene glycol (PEG‐400) was proved a highly efficient and green solvent reaction medium for the synthesis of series of novel 3,6‐dimethyl‐4,7‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine derivatives with excellent yields by a three‐component reaction of 1H‐pyrazol‐3‐amino‐5‐methyl, various aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes and chosen CH‐active compounds under catalyst‐free conditions via one‐pot strategy. This transformation is compatible with a broad diversity of functional group tolerance. Rapid synthesis, mild reaction conditions, high yields, no catalyst or column chromatography, cost‐effectiveness and green solvent are the benefits of this protocol.
Competitive CuAAC Reaction between Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Alkynes with Azides in Water
Authors: Shin Jung‐Ah , Jung Haeji , Lim Yeong‐Gweon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed azide alkyne 1,3‐cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction has received enormous attention as a powerful tool to form 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles easily and conveniently. Particularly, an efficient protocol of the CuAAC reaction for regioselective double ligation through differentiating the reactivity of an azide or alkyne group is interesting for application in chemical biology, material science and pharmaceutical research. Herein, a simple competitive CuAAC reaction in water using miscibility difference of alkynes with water was discovered. Under conventional CuSO4‐NaAsc catalysts, the CuAAC reaction between a water‐insoluble alkyne and an organic azide furnished a wide range of triazole adducts primarily based on a hydrophobic effect in good‐to‐excellent yields even in the presence of a water‐soluble alkyne. This protocol provides environmentally friendly conditions for aqueous medium, easy and convenient access to triazoles without specially designed ligands for the activation and stabilization of the Cu catalyst and thus is applicable to various fields of chemistry.
Structure‐Activity Relationship of Indolylkojylmethane Based on Antiproliferative Activity against Breast Cancer
Authors: Koli Papita , Reena  , Mehra Rukmankesh , Sharma Deepak K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA series of indolylkojylmethane (IKM) derivatives (1–23) was synthesized using a multicomponent one‐pot reaction under solvent‐free condition using a heterogeneous catalyst. The synthesized compounds were screened against breast cancer cell lines MDA‐MB‐231, MCF7, and T47D. The structure‐activity relationship revealed that IKM synthesized from aliphatic aldehydes (9–11) were active against all three cell lines and showed IC50 value of 0.15 μM–3.93 μM. IKM synthesized from aromatic aldehydes having electron‐donating group (1, 5, and 6) specifically inhibited the proliferation of the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line. The effect of various substituted indoles (12–17) was also studied and observed that compound 14 synthesized from 5‐cyanoindole, specifically inhibited T47D cell line proliferation. Replacing indole (1) with nucleophiles (18–23) in IKM decreased the antiproliferative activity. Compound 10 synthesized from kojic acid, indole and octanal was found to be most potent with IC50 values of 0.21, 0.15, and 3.45 μM against MDA‐MB‐231, MCF7, and T47D, respectively.
OPE of Green functions of chiral currents
Authors: Kadavý Tomáš , Kampf Karol , Novotný Jiří 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the high-energy behavior of two-point and three-point Green functions of the QCD chiral currents and densities using the framework of the operator product expansion in the chiral limit. In detail, we study the contributions of the quark, gluon, quark-gluon and four-quark condensates to all the relevant non-vanishing three-point correlators.
Covariant phase space with boundaries
Authors: Harlow Daniel , Wu Jie-qiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The covariant phase space method of Iyer, Lee, Wald, and Zoupas gives an elegant way to understand the Hamiltonian dynamics of Lagrangian field theories without breaking covariance. The original literature however does not systematically treat total derivatives and boundary terms, which has led to some confusion about how exactly to apply the formalism in the presence of boundaries. In particular the original construction of the canonical Hamiltonian relies on the assumed existence of a certain boundary quantity “B”, whose physical interpretation has not been clear. We here give an algorithmic procedure for applying the covariant phase space formalism to field theories with spatial boundaries, from which the term in the Hamiltonian involving B emerges naturally. Our procedure also produces an additional boundary term, which was not present in the original literature and which so far has only appeared implicitly in specific examples, and which is already nonvanishing even in general relativity with sufficiently permissive boundary conditions. The only requirement we impose is that at solutions of the equations of motion the action is stationary modulo future/past boundary terms under arbitrary variations obeying the spatial boundary conditions; from this the symplectic structure and the Hamiltonian for any diffeomorphism that preserves the theory are unambiguously constructed. We show in examples that the Hamiltonian so constructed agrees with previous results. We also show that the Poisson bracket on covariant phase space directly coincides with the Peierls bracket, without any need for non-covariant intermediate steps, and we discuss possible implications for the entropy of dynamical black hole horizons.
Mental health consequences of urban air pollution: prospective population-based longitudinal survey
Authors: Bakolis Ioannis , Hammoud Ryan , Stewart Robert , Beevers Sean , Dajnak David , MacCrimmon Shirlee , Broadbent Matthew , Pritchard Megan , Shiode Narushige , Fecht Daniela , Gulliver John , Hotopf Matthew , Hatch Stephani L. , Mudway Ian S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The World Health Organisation (WHO) recently ranked air pollution as the major environmental cause of premature death. However, the significant potential health and societal costs of poor mental health in relation to air quality are not represented in the WHO report due to limited evidence. We aimed to test the hypothesis that long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with poor mental health.

Methods
A prospective longitudinal population-based mental health survey was conducted of 1698 adults living in 1075 households in South East London, from 2008 to 2013. High-resolution quarterly average air pollution concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 10 μm (PM10) and < 2.5 μm (PM2.5) were linked to the home addresses of the study participants. Associations with mental health were analysed with the use of multilevel generalised linear models, after adjusting for large number of confounders, including the individuals’ socioeconomic position and exposure to road-traffic noise.

Results
We found robust evidence for interquartile range increases in PM2.5, NOx and NO2 to be associated with 18–39% increased odds of common mental disorders, 19–30% increased odds of poor physical symptoms and 33% of psychotic experiences only for PM10. These longitudinal associations were more pronounced in the subset of non-movers for NO2 and NOx.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that traffic-related air pollution is adversely affecting mental health. Whilst causation cannot be proved, this work suggests substantial morbidity from mental disorders could be avoided with improved air quality.
Experimental investigation into material removal mechanisms in High Speed Wire EDM
Authors: Oßwald Kai , Brandl Lukas , Lochmahr Ingo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHigh Speed Wire EDM (HSWEDM) is characterized by high relative velocities between its electrodes which appear in almost no other field of electrical discharge machining (EDM). Also, it previously has been described as a hybrid process. Consequently, material removal mechanisms show significant differences compared with other EDM processes. In this research, single discharge craters of HSWEDM processes were examined, and their geometrical features were associated with the underlying parameters. Discharge crater geometries on the workpiece electrode (anode) could be investigated by measurements whilst those on the wire electrode (cathode) were calculated. Results show that the high wire velocity leads to moving foot points on both electrodes. Pulse duration and the type of working medium influence the generation of discharge craters and thus their geometry and the modes of material removal. Static discharges and anodic dissolution could also be identified as material removal mechanisms and characterized in their geometrical properties. However, they are of secondary importance.
Monte Carlo sampling processes and incentive compatible allocations in large economies
Authors: Hammond Peter J. , Qiao Lei , Sun Yeneng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMonte Carlo simulation is used in Hammond and Sun (Econ Theory 36:303–325, 2008. 10.1007/s00199-007-0279-7) to characterize a standard stochastic framework involving a continuum of random variables that are conditionally independent given macro shocks. This paper presents some general properties of such Monte Carlo sampling processes, including their one-way Fubini extension and regular conditional independence. In addition to the almost sure convergence of Monte Carlo simulation considered in Hammond and Sun (2008), here we also consider norm convergence when the random variables are square integrable. This leads to a necessary and sufficient condition for the classical law of large numbers to hold in a general Hilbert space. Applying this analysis to large economies with asymmetric information shows that the conflict between incentive compatibility and Pareto efficiency is resolved asymptotically for almost all sampling economies, following some similar results in McLean and Postlewaite (Econometrica 70:2421–2453, 2002) and Sun and Yannelis (J Econ Theory 134:175–194, 2007. 10.1016/j.jet.2006.03.001).
β-catenin signaling, the constitutive androstane receptor and their mutual interactions
Authors: Braeuning Albert , Pavek Petr 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAberrant signaling through β-catenin is an important determinant of tumorigenesis in rodents as well as in humans. In mice, xenobiotic activators of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), a chemo-sensing nuclear receptor, promote liver tumor growth by means of a non-genotoxic mechanism and, under certain conditions, select for hepatocellular tumors which contain activated β-catenin. In normal hepatocytes, interactions of β-catenin and CAR have been demonstrated with respect to the induction of proliferation and drug metabolism-related gene expression. The molecular details of these interactions are still not well understood. Recently it has been hypothesized that CAR might activate β-catenin signaling, thus providing a possible explanation for some of the observed phenomena. Nonetheless, many aspects of the molecular interplay of the two regulators have still not been elucidated. This review briefly summarizes our current knowledge about the interplay of CAR and β-catenin. By taking into account data and observations obtained with different mouse models and employing different experimental approaches, it is shown that published data also contain substantial evidence that xenobiotic activators of CAR do not activate, or do even inhibit signaling through the β-catenin pathway. The review highlights new aspects of possible ways of interaction between the two signaling cascades and will help to stimulate scientific discussion about the crosstalk of β-catenin signaling and the nuclear receptor CAR.
Busulfan-cyclophosphamide versus cyclophosphamide-busulfan as conditioning regimen before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a prospective randomized trial
Authors: Seydoux Claire , Medinger Michael , Gerull Sabine , Halter Joerg , Heim Dominik , Chalandon Yves , Levrat Stavroula Masouridi , Schanz Urs , Nair Gayathri , Ansari Marc , Simon Patrick , Passweg Jakob R. , Cantoni Nathan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBusulfan and cyclophosphamide (BuCy) is a frequently used myeloablative conditioning regimen for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Theoretical considerations and pharmacological data indicate that application of busulfan prior to subsequent cyclophosphamide (BuCy) may trigger liver toxicity. Reversing the order of application to cyclophosphamide-busulfan (CyBu) might be preferable, a hypothesis supported by animal data and retrospective studies. We performed a prospective randomized trial to determine impact of order of application of Bu and Cy before allo-HCT in 70 patients with hematological malignancy, 33 patients received BuCy and 37 CyBu for conditioning. In the short term, there were minimal differences in liver toxicity favoring CyBu over BuCy, significant only for alanine amino transferase at day 30 (p = 0.03). With longer follow-up at 4 years, non-relapse mortality (6% versus 27%, p = 0.05) was lower and survival (63% versus 43%, p = 0.06) was higher with CyBu compared to BuCy. Other outcomes, such as engraftment (p = 0.21), acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (p = 0.40; 0.36), and relapse (p = 0.79), were similar in both groups. We prospectively show evidence that the order of application of Cy and Bu in myeloablative conditioning in allo-HCT patients has impact on outcome.
Individual cognitive changes in subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease using the reliable change index methodology
Authors: Rosas Anna Garcia , Stögmann Elisabeth , Lehrner Johann 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Objective
The development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be assessed using the neuropsychological test battery Vienna (NTBV). The objective of this study was to investigate whether the NTBV test scores of a diagnostic group have changed significantly over time and whether this change is due to disease progression.

Methods
In this study 358 patients referred to a memory outpatient clinic because of cognitive deterioration were analyzed. The same patients were surveyed in a follow-up assessment after a mean interval of 25.96 months to examine cognitive performance and disease progression. Patients were divided into the subgroups healthy controls (HC), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD on the basis of the test results. Reliable change index methodology was used to assess improvement or deterioration in test scores in diagnostic groups compared to HC.

Results
Deterioration in the SCD group ranged from 0% to 18.8%. The MCI group showed declines between 1.6% and 29.1%. Patients who developed AD deteriorated between 0% and 54.2%. Improvements ranged from 0% to 73.4% in the SCD group and from 0% to 25.1% for the MCI group. The improvement in the AD group ranged between 0% and 44.0%.

Conclusion
The results reflect the cognitive deterioration of patients during the disease progression. Nevertheless, improvements in diagnostic groups could be detected. The significantly positive changes might be due to practice effects, also a lack of motivation or attention in the first test could have yielded “improvement” in the retest.
Clinical efficacy of an antibody-based detection system for human papilloma virus infection in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Blatt Sebastian , Pabst Andreas , Zimmer Stefanie , Walter Christian , Al-Nawas Bilal , Krüger Maximilian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesThere is an increasing number of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) associated with HPV-16. However, p16 expression by immunohistochemistry as the current gold standard for a surrogate marker for virus infection reveals unsatisfying diagnostic accuracy. The aim of this study was to investigate a new rapid test for L1 antibody detection (Prevocheck®) and to validate its diagnostic performance.Materials and methodsIn a prospective study, the HPV 16 association of all consecutive patients with an OSCC treated between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed by L1 seropositivity (via PrevoCheck®), p16 immunostaining, and partly multiplex PCR for subtype analysis.ResultsOverall (n= 107), p16 expression was positive in 17 cases (15.9%), and L1 antibody seropositivity in 7 cases (6.5%). In PCR analysis, two cases of HPV35 and 50 were found. Total HPV prevalence was 8.4% overall and 6.5% for HPV-16. An inferior diagnostic accuracy for HPV-16-associated OSCC in comparison to PrevoCheck® was revealed.ConclusionThe rapid test for L1 antibodies showed an optimal sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and an overall diagnostic accuracy of 100%. However, HPV prevalence seems low in OSCC.Clinical relevanceL1 rapid test may represent an additional diagnostic staging method to detect HPV-16 association rather than p16 immunohistochemistry.
Underscreening and undertreatment? Periodontal service provision in very old Germans
Authors: Krois Joachim , Krasowski Aleksander , Rossi Jesus Gomez , Paris Sebastian , Kuhlmey Adelheid , Meyer-Lückel Hendrik , Schwendicke Falk 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to assess periodontal services utilization in very old Germans.

Methods
A comprehensive sample of very old (≥ 75 years), insured at a large Northeastern statutory insurer was followed over 6 years (2012–2017). We assessed periodontal service provision, entailing (1) periodontal screening index (PSI), (2) periodontal status/treatment planning, (3) periodontal therapy (scaling and root planning with or without access surgery), (4) postoperative reevaluation, and (5) any of these four services groups. Association of utilization with (1) sex, (2) age, (3) region, (4) social hardship status, (5) ICD-10 diagnoses, and (6) diagnoses-related groups was explored.

Results
404.610 individuals were followed; 173,733 did not survive follow-up. The mean (SD) age was 81.9 (5.4) years. 29.4% (119,103 individuals) utilized any periodontal service, nearly all of them the PSI. Periodontal status/treatment planning, treatment provision, and reevaluation were provided to only a small fraction (1.54–1.57%, or 6224–6345) of individuals. The utilization of the PSI increased between 2012 and 2017; no such increase was observed for treatment-related services. Utilization decreased with age; those aged > 85 years received nearly no services at all. Decreases were more pronounced for treatment-related services. Utilization was lower in rural than urban areas, those with hardship status, and those severely ill (e.g., dementia, heart insufficiency). In multivariable analysis, a previous PSI measurement tripled the odds of receiving treatment-related services (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 3.0-3.4).

Conclusions
Periodontal services utilization was low. Screening for periodontal disease significantly increased therapy provision. Social, demographic, regional, and general health aspects were associated with utilization.

Clinical significance
The utilization of periodontal services in the very old in Northeast Germany was low, and even screening was only performed in a minority of individuals. Policies to increase identification and management of periodontitis especially in the most vulnerable individuals are needed.