bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effects of immersion thawing methods on quality of blueberries
Authors: Cao Xuehui , Zhang Fangfang , Zhu Danshi , Zhao Dongyu , Zhao Yuting , Li Jianrong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe changes on food quality during thawing process has attracted significant attention of the frozen food industry. The effects of immersion thawing on the quality changes of blueberries were investigated. Blueberries were stored in freezing temperature for 3 days after quick freezing, and then, they were thawed using four methods: water immersion thawing (WIT), sugar immersion thawing (SIT), ultrasound‐assisted water immersion thawing (UAWIT), and ultrasound‐assisted sugar immersion thawing (UASIT). Later, texture profile, physiochemical characteristics, and sensory evaluation analysis were conducted to evaluate quality changes of blueberry after thawing. The thawing procedure employed significantly affected the quality of fruits. The shortest duration for total thawing was observed for the UASIT process. The anthocyanins and total solid content were better retained when blueberries were thawed using SIT and UASIT processes. There was no benefit of using UASIT with respect to protecting the blueberry tissue structure. However, the consumer acceptability of blueberries was not significantly difference among the four thawing conditions. Each method had advantages and disadvantages, and we should choose the suitable means according to consumer and production demand.Practical applicationThis work was aimed at determining if there were any changes on the quality of blueberries when subjected to various thawing treatments. The sugar immersion thawing could be beneficial to nutrient retention in the freezing and thawing processing of fruits.
Effect of continuous nursing based on wechat platform on postoperative rehabilitation of patients with lumbar disc herniation
Authors: He Qiuxia , Zhao Jiehua , Fan Maoping , Wang Feifei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe present randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effect of continuous nursing based on wechat platform on postoperative rehabilitation of patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH).MethodsA total of 95 patients with LDH who underwent surgery in Suzhou BenQ Medical Center from March 2, 2016 to June 23, 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into the control group (routine continuous nursing) and the study group (continuous nursing based on wechat platform). During the follow‐up, the patients’ compliance and the effectiveness were recorded. The 36‐Item Short‐Form Health Survey scale (SF‐36 score) was used to evaluate quality of life. The spinal nerve function was evaluated with Japanese Orthopedics Association (JOA) score while the lumbar function was determined with Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI).ResultsThere were 48 patients in the control group and 47 patients in the study group. The results showed that the compliance rate of the study group was 89.36%, significantly higher than that of the control group (60.42%). The effective rate of the study group was 95.74%, significantly higher than that of the control group (81.25%). Further, continuous nursing based on wechat platform brought more obvious improvement in the SF‐36 scores as well as the JOA score and ODI.ConclusionThe compliance rate and the effectiveness rate of patients received continuous nursing based on wechat platform were higher than those of patients who received routine continuous nursing, which further brought more obvious improvement in the quality of life as well as the JOA scores and ODI.
Hybrid phase equilibria modelling with conventional and trace element thermobarometry to assess the P–T evolution of UHT granulites: An example from the Highland Complex, Sri Lanka
Authors: Dharmapriya Prasanna L. , Malaviarachchi Sanjeewa P. K. , Galli Andrea , Kriegsman Leo M. , Osanai Yasuhito , Sajeev K. , Su Ben‐Xun , Tsunogae Toshiaki , Zhang Chengli , Adachi Tatsuro , Dissanayake Chandrasekara B. , Subasinghe Nalaka Deepal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHere we attempt to constrain the P–T evolution of ultrahigh‐temperature granulites using textures coupled with multiple thermobarometric approaches. Sapphirine‐bearing granulites were collected from a quarry in the central part of the Highland Complex of Sri Lanka. Three sapphirine‐bearing domains were selected and petrographically studied. Homogeneous sample domains were thermodynamically modelled using their bulk compositions (forward phase equilibria modelling). One heterogeneous sample from a single domain, composed of irregularly distributed residuum and melt, was also used. The bulk composition of its residual part was calculated using mineral compositions and their respective modes. Equilibrium T–X(Fe2O3) phase diagrams were constructed in the chemical system NCKFMASHTO to estimate the bulk ferric/ferrous iron ratio, and conventional geothermometers (garnet–orthopyroxene and Al in orthopyroxene) were applied. The Ti in zircon trace element thermometer was also applied to calculate peak metamorphic conditions. Modal abundance isopleths of each mineral in equilibrium phase diagrams and textural observations were combined to constrain the retrograde P–T path. Our hybrid approach of forward and inverse phase equilibria modelling and conventional thermobarometric calculations indicate that the sapphirine‐bearing granulites have reached their peak T of 920–940°C at P ~10 kbar under relatively highly oxidizing conditions. Subsequently, the rocks followed a near‐isobaric cooling path down to 890–860°C, prior to near‐isothermal decompression up to 6 kbar. The results highlight the importance of dealing with Fe3+. Multiple thermobarometric approaches on carefully observed mineral textures are required to retrieve the most reliable P–T conditions of HT/UHT mineral assemblages.
Effects of ovariectomy on inputs from the medial preoptic area to the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus of young adult rats
Authors: Pereira Laís da Silva , Gobbo Denise Ribeiro , Ferreira Jozélia Gomes Pacheco , Horta‐Junior José de Anchieta de Castro e , Sá Susana Isabel , Bittencourt Jackson Cioni 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPuberty is an important phase of development when the neural circuit organization is transformed by sexual hormones, inducing sexual dimorphism in adult behavioural responses. The principal brain area responsible for the control of the receptive component of female sexual behaviour is the ventrolateral division of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMHvl), which is known for its dependency on ovarian hormones. Inputs to the VMHvl originating from the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) are responsible for conveying essential information that will trigger such behaviour. Here, we investigated the pattern of the projection of the MPN to the VMHvl in rats ovariectomized at the onset of puberty. Sprague Dawley rats were ovariectomized (OVX) at puberty and then subjected to iontophoretic injections of the neuronal anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin into the MPN once they reached 90 days of age. This study analysed the connectivity pattern established between the MPN and the VMH that is involved in the neuronal circuit responsible for female sexual behaviour in control and OVX rats. The data show the changes in the organization of the connections observed in the OVX adult rats that displayed a reduced axonal length for the MPN fibres reaching the VMHvl, suggesting that peripubertal ovarian hormones are relevant to the organization of MPN connections with structures involved in the promotion of female sexual behaviour.
The Effect of Expanded Parental Benefits on Union Dissolution
Authors: Margolis Rachel , Choi Youjin , Holm Anders , Mehta Nirav 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to examine whether gender equality‐focused parental benefits affect the union stability of couples.BackgroundGenerous, flexible, and gender equality‐focused parental benefits have been shown to increase fathers' use of parental leave and time with children. Even though these policies have no explicit aims regarding relationship stability, two longstanding theoretical perspectives (traditionalist and egalitarian) offer potential mechanisms through which this type of policy can shift relationship dynamics either to increase or to decrease union dissolution.MethodUsing Canadian administrative data, we estimate difference‐in‐differences and local average treatment effects to examine the effects of the Québec Parental Insurance Plan (QPIP 2006) on union dissolution. Then we examine whether the policy had heterogenous effects on couples which are likely to be either traditional or egalitarian.ResultsWe find that QPIP decreased the separation rate by half of a percentage point overall, a 6% decrease. The greatest reductions in union dissolution are found among couples likely to be more egalitarian in orientation.ConclusionThe large negative effects of this family policy on union dissolution are significant, as they show one clear way in which family policies can encourage egalitarianism and stabilize families during the second phase of the gender revolution.
COVID‐19 and Ischemic Stroke: Clinical and Neuroimaging Findings
Authors: Naval‐Baudin Pablo , Rodriguez Caamaño Isabel , Rubio‐Maicas Cecilia , Pons‐Escoda Albert , Fernández Viñas Maria Montserrat , Nuñez Ana , Cardona Pere , Majos Carles , Cos Monica , Calvo Nahum 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSESARS‐CoV‐2 causes multiorgan disease due to altered coagulability and microangiopathy. Patients may have an increased risk of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). Our objective was to analyze clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of patients with ischemic CVA during the pandemic peak in our region, in order to identify atypical presentations.METHODSWe performed a cross‐sectional analysis of patients admitted under code‐stroke protocol to our center with a final diagnosis of ischemic brain infarction. We analyzed the main imaging and demographic characteristics and reviewed neuroimaging for atypical presentations.RESULTSOne‐hundred patients with confirmed ischemic CVA were included. Nineteen had positive polymerase chain reaction testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 on admission. These patients had a lower prevalence of proximal arterial occlusion on imaging, higher in‐hospital mortality, and worse baseline disability. No differences were identified in affected vascular territory, volume of infarction, initial CT stroke score, prevalence of hemorrhagic transformation, gender, age, cardiovascular risk factors, time to admission, symptom severity on entry, or decision to treat with thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy. Prevalence of COVID‐19 in our code‐stroke sample was higher than that for our province during this time period.CONCLUSIONThe COVID‐19 group had more in‐hospital mortality, less proximal arterial occlusion on CT or MR angiography, and lower baseline modified Rankin Scale score. We suggest a possibly higher proportion of microangiopathic involvement or undetected distal large‐vessel occlusion in the COVID‐19 stroke group. Excess mortality was explained by severe respiratory failure. Otherwise, stroke patients with COVID‐19 did not differ demographically or clinically from those without the illness.
Paediatric periorbital cellulitis: A 10‐year retrospective case series review
Authors: Murphy Declan C , Meghji Sheneen , Alfiky Mohamed , Bath Andrew P 
Published: September 2020

AimTo identify the predictors of poor outcome and need for surgical management in paediatric patients with periorbital cellulitis. To assess the adherence to local guidelines in the management of periorbital cellulitis.MethodsRetrospective descriptive analysis of clinical, laboratory and radiological characteristics of 175 paediatric periorbital cellulitis presentations at a UK teaching hospital over a 10‐year period. Regression investigated correlations for continuous and categorical variables.ResultsA total of 175 paediatric presentations were diagnosed as periorbital infections over the 10‐year period. Of these, 139 had pre‐septal cellulitis, 27 had a subperiosteal abscess, 6 had an orbital cellulitis, 1 had an orbital abscess, 1 a cavernous sinus thrombosis and 1 an extradural abscess. Median age at presentation was 5 years (range: 1 month–17 years). In total, 169 (97%) cases received systemic antimicrobial treatment. Cross‐sectional imaging occurred in 30% of cases and 18% required surgical intervention. Increasing C‐reactive protein was associated with greater risk of post‐septal disease and requiring surgery. The best predictors of post‐septal disease in the multivariate analysis (R2= 0.49,P= ≤0.001) were ophthalmoplegia (P= 0.009), proptosis (P= 0.016) and pain on eye movement (P= 0.046). Proptosis was the single most significant predictor of surgical management (R2= 0.53,P= <0.001).ConclusionMultidisciplinary involvement and early medical management can improve outcomes for most patients. Those who deteriorate despite medical management should be considered for prompt imaging and surgical management to avoid serious life‐threatening or sight‐threatening complications.
Small‐area socioeconomic status and children's oral health in a safety‐net care delivery setting
Authors: Rubin Marcie S. , Clouston Sean A. P. , Edelstein Burton L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo better understand the impact of small‐area socioeconomic status (SES) on caries experience and sealant presence among children receiving services through a comprehensive community‐based safety‐net oral health program.MethodsCensus‐tract level household data from the American Community Survey was utilized to construct an index that reflects the small‐area socioeconomic environments in which children receive oral health services. This area SES index was entered into a logistic model with sociodemographic participant data collected by the community‐based oral health program to consider its association with outcomes (caries and sealant experience) at first program visit, among children older and younger than 5 years.ResultsAmong poor children older than 5 years of age, higher census‐tract level SES was associated with lesser caries experience and greater sealant experience at presentation for care to a community‐based oral health program. Each standard deviation increase in census‐tract level SES index was associated with reduced odds of any caries experience (aOR = 0.92; 95 percent CI 0.85, 0.99; P = 0.021) and increased odds of sealants (aOR = 1.20; 95 percent CI 1.05, 1.37; P = 0.009). Among children 5 years and under, only grade was associated with both outcomes.ConclusionsWithin an inner city area of poverty, the greater a census tract's socioeconomic risks to health, the greater the odds that children over age five experience caries and the lesser their odds of having dental sealants. While associations between SES and oral health outcomes across the full spectrum of SES have been recognized, this study suggests that within lower SES areas, SES‐associated gradients exist in children's oral health.
Shikonin ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) via immunomodulatory, anti-apoptotic and antioxidative activity
Authors: Nasrollahzadeh Sabet Mehrdad , Biglari Sajjad , Khorram Khorshid Hamid Reza , Esmaeilzadeh Emran 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Multiple sclerosis is a common autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. There are several underlying mechanisms for the pathogenesis of the disease, including inflammation, oligodendrocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress.

Methods
The mechanism of action of shikonin was investigated in the C57BL/6 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis.

Key findings
The results revealed that EAE induction significantly increased the extent of demyelination in the corpus callosum tissues of the animals, while treatment of the mice with shikonin significantly decreased the extent of demyelination. Real-time polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of the brain samples from the EAE mice revealed significant enhancement in the expression levels of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and Bax genes as well as a reduction in the expression levels of transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-β) and Bcl2. But, shikonin treatment significantly reduced the expression levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ and Bax. On the other hand, the expression levels of TGF-β and Bcl2 as well as the activity of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX-1) enzyme were significantly increased following the shikonin treatment.

Conclusions
This study emphasized the immune-modulatory and antioxidative effects of shikonin, which may have an important healing effect on the severity of EAE.
Umbelliprenin relieves paclitaxel-induced neuropathy
Authors: Shahraki Jafar , Rezaee Ramin , Mohammadzehi Kenar Sabereh , Setoodeh Nezhad Samaneh , Bagheri Gholamreza , Jahantigh Hosseinali , Tsarouhas Konstantinos , Hashemzaei Mahmoud 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Umbelliprenin (UMB) is a prenylated coumarin that acts as an in vitro antioxidant and inhibits lipoxygenase managing the inflammation pathways, while in vivo it exerts anti-inflammatory activities.

Methods
In this study, neuropathic pain was induced by four intraperitoneal doses of 2 mg/kg per day of paclitaxel (PTX) on days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Here, 49 male mice were randomly divided in the following groups: sham (not treated animals), negative control (PTX-treated receiving normal saline), single-dose UMB 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg groups (PTX-treated receiving UMB 6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg, respectively), prevention (PTX-treated receiving PTX along with UMB 12.5 mg/kg on days 1, 3, 5 and 7) and positive control group (PTX-treated receiving imipramine 10 mg/kg as acute treatment). Hot-plate test was done to assess response to heat. Finally, interleukin (IL)-6 levels in the sciatic nerve and lipid peroxidation in sera were assessed.

Key findings
Umbelliprenin was found equally effective for acute treatment with imipramine, when comparing the prevention group and the positive control group. Single, 25 mg/kg UMB effectively attenuated hyperalgesia, lipid peroxidation and IL-6 levels.

Conclusions
Umbelliprenin alleviated neuropathic pain, and decreased serum IL-6 levels and oxidative stress. UMB deserves further investigations, especially in clinical settings.
“He Would Take My Shoes and All the Baby's Warm Winter Gear so We Couldn't Leave”: Barriers to Safety and Recovery Experienced by a Sample of Vermont Women With Partner Violence and Opioid Use Disorder Experiences
Authors: Stone Rebecca , Campbell Julia K. , Kinney Diane , Rothman Emily F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeThis qualitative study explored themes about barriers to substance use treatment for women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) and opioid use in rural Vermont. The goal was to collect descriptive information to aid in the development of intervention ideas to facilitate better treatment access for women in this situation.MethodsOne‐on‐one telephone interviews with 33 rural Vermont women who experienced both IPV and opioid use took place between February and August 2019.FindingsThere were 5 main themes that emerged as barriers to accessing needed services: (1) geographic isolation and transportation difficulties, (2) inaccessibility of existing services, (3) lack of integrated substance use treatment and domestic violence services, (4) social isolation, and (5) amplification of stigma in small rural communities.ConclusionsImproved access to care and increased collaboration between IPV and substance use service providers are required to better serve rural communities in which IPV and opioid use disorder are concurrent problems.
Symmetric dimethylarginine concentrations in dogs with hypothyroidism before and after treatement with levothyroxine
Authors: Di Paola A. , Carotenuto G. , Dondi F. , Corsini A. , Corradini S. , Fracassi F. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) and serum creatinine concentrations in a population of hypothyroid dogs at the time of diagnosis and after treatment.Materials and MethodsSerum SDMA and serum creatinine were measured in serum samples of 24 healthy dogs and 24 hypothyroid dogs, at the time of diagnosis (T0) and after supplementation with levothyroxine (T1).ResultsThe mean SDMA concentrations (reference intervals [RI] <18 μg/dL and <14 μg/dL depending on the source) were 11.7 ± 3.5 μg/dL, 13.8 ± 3.1 μg/dL and 11.83 ± 2.87 μg/dL in healthy dogs, and in the hypothyroid dogs at T0 and T1, respectively. The SDMA concentrations were higher in the hypothyroid dogs at T0 in comparison with the healthy dogs. Of the hypothyroid dogs, 1 out of 24 had an SDMA concentration above 18 μg/dL and 12 out of 24 above 14 μg/dL at T0. At T1, none of the hypothyroid dogs had SDMA concentrations above 18 μg/dL and two of them had SDMA concentrations above 14 μg/dL. The serum creatinine concentration was higher in the hypothyroid dogs at T0 as compared to the healthy dogs. At T0, 8 out of 24 hypothyroid dogs had serum creatinine concentrations above the RI (>1.4 mg/dL). In all but one dog, serum creatinine normalised after treatment.Clinical SignificanceThe SDMA and serum creatinine concentrations were higher in hypothyroid dogs at diagnosis as compared to healthy dogs. Serum creatinine concentrations were increased in one‐third of the hypothyroid dogs and in the majority of cases normalised after levothyroxine supplementation. SDMA concentrations were rarely above the upper limit of the RI when the higest (<18 μg/dL) cut‐off was employed. The diagnostic accuracy of SDMA in dogs with thyroid dysfunction requires additional evaluation.
The use of hydrolysed diets for vomiting and/or diarrhoea in cats in primary veterinary practice
Authors: Kathrani A. , Church D. B. , Brodbelt D. C. , Pegram C. , O'Neill D. G. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo describe responses of cats prescribed a hydrolysed diet with or without concurrent medication for chronic vomiting and/or diarrhoea of undetermined aetiology.Materials and MethodsAnonymised records of 512,213 cats under UK veterinary care in 2016 from the VetCompass database were searched using relevant terms for hydrolysed diets. The records of 5000 (90%) of 5569 cats with evidence of receiving a hydrolysed diet were randomly reviewed for gastrointestinal indication, prior and concurrent medication and response after hydrolysed dietary intervention. A poor response was defined as evidence of receiving antibiotic or glucocorticoid treatment for vomiting/diarrhoea at visits after the onset of the diet or death from gastrointestinal signs for at least 6 months follow‐up.ResultsOf 977 cats prescribed a hydrolysed diet for chronic vomiting/diarrhoea, 697 (71%) were first prescribed the diet without concurrent antibiotics or glucocorticoids while 280 (29%) first received the diet with these medications. Thirty‐four per cent of cats in the former group and 61% in the latter had a poor response. Cats older than 6 years and cats prescribed antibiotic and/or glucocorticoid for vomiting/diarrhoea before and concurrently with the diet had higher odds of poor response.Clinical SignificanceAlthough variations in our observations may reflect severity of signs or prescribing habits of primary‐care veterinary surgeons, our study suggests there is merit in trialling a hydrolysed diet first as a sole therapy in cats with chronic vomiting/diarrhoea when diagnostic investigations do not reveal a cause, before resorting to antibiotic and/or glucocorticoid therapy for cases that respond poorly.