bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redefining Adverse and Reverse Left Ventricular Remodeling by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Following ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Their Implications on Long-Term Prognosis
Authors: Bulluck Heerajnarain , Carberry Jaclyn , Carrick David , McEntegart Margaret , Petrie Mark C. , Eteiba Hany , Hood Stuart , Watkins Stuart , Lindsay Mitchell , Mahrous Ahmed , Ford Ian , Oldroyd Keith G. , Berry Colin 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Cut off values for change in left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance following ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction have recently been proposed and 4 patterns of LV remodeling were described. We aimed to assess their long-term prognostic significance.

Methods:
A prospective cohort of unselected patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction with paired acute and 6-month cardiovascular magnetic resonance, with the 5-year composite end point of all-cause death and hospitalization for heart failure was included. The prognosis of the following groups (group 1: reverse LV remodeling [≥12% decrease in LVESV]; group 2: no LV remodeling [changes in LVEDV and LVESV <12%]; group 3: adverse LV remodeling with compensation [≥12% increase in LVEDV only]; and group 4: adverse LV remodeling [≥12% increase in both LVESV and LVEDV]) was compared.

Results:

Two hundred eighty-five patients were included with a median follow-up was 5.8 years. The composite end point occurred in 9.5% in group 1, 12.3% in group 2, 7.1% in group 3, and 24.2% in group 4. Group 4 had significantly higher cumulative event rates of the composite end point (log-rank test,
P
=0.03) with the other 3 groups showing similar cumulative event rates (log-rank test,
P
=0.51). Cox proportional hazard for group 2 (hazard ratio, 1.3 [95% CI, 0.6–3.1],
P
=0.53) and group 3 (hazard ratio, 0.6 [95% CI, 0.2–2.3],
P
=0.49) were not significantly different but was significantly higher in group 4 (hazard ratio, 3.0 [95% CI, 1.2–7.1],
P
=0.015) when compared with group 1.

Conclusions:
Patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction developing adverse LV remodeling at 6 months, defined as ≥12% increase in both LVESV and LVEDV by cardiovascular magnetic resonance, was associated with worse long-term clinical outcomes than those with adverse LV remodeling with compensation, reverse LV remodeling, and no LV remodeling, with the latter 3 groups having similar outcomes in a cohort of stable reperfused patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction.

Registration

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02072850.
Predictors of Atrial Fibrillation During Long‐Term Implantable Cardiac Monitoring Following Cryptogenic Stroke
Authors: Riordan Michael , Opaskar Amanda , Yoruk Ayhan , Younis Arwa , Ali Adil , McNitt Scott , Sahin Bogachan , Rosero Spencer , Goldenberg Ilan , Aktas Mehmet K. 
Published: July 2020

Background
Following cryptogenic stroke, guidelines recommend cardiac monitoring for occult atrial fibrillation (AF). We aimed to evaluate predictors of AF during long‐term implantable cardiac monitoring.

Methods and Results

We studied 293 consecutive patients who underwent implantable cardiac monitor implant (Medtronic LINQ) following hospitalization for cryptogenic stroke at the University of Rochester Medical Center from January 2013 to September 2018. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to identify predictors of AF during long‐term monitoring. At 36 months of follow‐up, the cumulative rate of implantable cardiac monitor–detected AF events was 32% in the total study population. Multivariable analysis identified age ≥70 years as the most powerful predictor of the development of AF events during follow‐up (hazard ratio, 2.28 [95% CI, 1.39–3.76];
P
=0.001). Replacing age with the CHA
2
DS
2
‐VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age, diabetes mellitus, stroke, vascular disease, age, sex category) score resulted in a weaker association, for which each 1‐point increment in the CHA
2
DS
2
‐VASC score was associated with an 18% increased risk of developing AF (95% CI, 1.00–1.38;
P
=0.047). Consistent results were shown using Kaplan–Meier analysis by age and by the CHA
2
DS
2
VASc score.

Conclusions
Cryptogenic stroke patients continue to develop AF episodes during 36 months of implantable cardiac monitoring following the index event. Age is the most powerful predictor of occult AF in this population.
Corporate-startup Collaboration: Its Diffusion to and within the Firm
Authors: Steiber Annika 
Published: July 2020

In an age of digital transformation, startup collaboration as an avenue for corporate innovation has increased in importance. However, the diffusion of corporate-startup collaboration models, to and within firms, is not well researched. The purpose of this article is to view a corporate-startup collaboration model as an organizational innovation and thereby, by using an established framework for the diffusion of innovations on a real case, “FirstBuild”, improve our understanding of how this type of organizational innovation is diffused to and within firms. The theoretical contribution of the article is to be the first study to investigate the diffusion of a corporate-startup collaboration model and thereby fill an existing knowledge gap on how this type of innovation is diffused to and within a firm. This is of relevance for both corporations as well as policy makers in an ongoing digital transformation of countries and their large firms.
Environmental hazard testing of nanobiomaterials
Authors: Amorim M. J. B. , Fernández-Cruz M. L. , Hund-Rinke K. , Scott-Fordsmand J. J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe European Medicines Agency (EMA) regards the potential risks of human medicinal products to the environment and their impacts are assessed, as well as management to limit this impact. Hazard assessment of novel materials, which differ from conventional chemicals, e.g. nanobiomaterials, poses testing challenges and represents a work-in-progress with much focus on the optimization of required methodologies. For this work-in-progress, we here highlight where changes/updates are required in relation to the main elements for international testing based on OECD guidelines, supported by knowledge from the nanotoxicity area. The outline describes two major sections, nanobiomaterials and environmental hazards, including its challenges and learned lessons, with recommendations for implementation in OECD guidelines. Finally, the way forward via a testing strategy is described.
Bilateral patellar tendon rupture on lupus undergoing corticosteroids: a case report
Authors: El Ouali Zakaria , Nassar Kawtar , Bassa Elie , Taoussi Reda , Sabiri Mouna , Rafai Mohamed , Janani Saadia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Patellar tendon rupture is a rare condition, especially when it is bilateral. The most frequent associated pathologies are systemic lupus erythematosus, chronic renal failure, or treatments like corticosteroids. The aim of this case report is to draw attention to the non-specific clinical aspect of this condition, to recall its radiological signs, and highlight the diagnostic contribution of musculoskeletal ultrasound.

Case presentation
A 39-year-old man was diagnosed with a systemic lupus erythematosus with cutaneous, pulmonary, cardiac, hematological, renal, and immunological manifestations. He was treated with high-dose corticosteroids. Within 3 months he presented with a total functional impotence of the knees. On physical examination, there was a gap in the right infrapatellar region, his patellae were abnormally ascended, and his left knee was swollen. Insall-Salvati ratio on knees conventional radiographies was 2.5 in the right and 2.25 in the left knee, assessing bilateral patella alta. Ultrasound revealed a complete and bilateral patellar tendon rupture. The treatment consisted in a surgical repair and physiotherapy. The patient was able to mobilize independently after 6 months.

Conclusions
Bilateral patellar tendon rupture is exceptional. Systemic lupus erythematosus and corticosteroids are among trigger factors. Careful examination of the patellae should be done in front of knee extension deficit. Ultrasound plays a determining role in the diagnosis.
Using blockchain to log genome dataset access: efficient storage and query
Authors: Gürsoy Gamze , Bjornson Robert , Green Molly E. , Gerstein Mark 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Genomic variants are considered sensitive information, revealing potentially private facts about individuals. Therefore, it is important to control access to such data. A key aspect of controlled access is secure storage and efficient query of access logs, for potential misuse. However, there are challenges to securing logs, such as designing against the consequences of “single points of failure”. A potential approach to circumvent these challenges is blockchain technology, which is currently popular in cryptocurrency due to its properties of security, immutability, and decentralization. One of the tasks of the iDASH (Integrating Data for Analysis, Anonymization, and Sharing) Secure Genome Analysis Competition in 2018 was to develop time- and space-efficient blockchain-based ledgering solutions to log and query user activity accessing genomic datasets across multiple sites, using MultiChain.

Methods
MultiChain is a specific blockchain platform that offers “data streams” embedded in the chain for rapid and secure data storage. We devised a storage protocol taking advantage of the keys in the MultiChain data streams and created a data frame from the chain allowing efficient query. Our solution to the iDASH competition was selected as the winner at a workshop held in San Diego, CA in October 2018. Although our solution worked well in the challenge, it has the drawback that it requires downloading all the data from the chain and keeping it locally in memory for fast query. To address this, we provide an alternate “bigmem” solution that uses indices rather than local storage for rapid queries.

Results
We profiled the performance of both of our solutions using logs with 100,000 to 600,000 entries, both for querying the chain and inserting data into it. The challenge solution requires 12 seconds time and 120 Mb of memory for querying from 100,000 entries. The memory requirement increases linearly and reaches 470 MB for a chain with 600,000 entries. Although our alternate bigmem solution is slower and requires more memory (408 seconds and 250 MB, respectively, for 100,000 entries), the memory requirement increases at a slower rate and reaches only 360 MB for 600,000 entries.

Conclusion
Overall, we demonstrate that genomic access log files can be stored and queried efficiently with blockchain. Beyond this, our protocol potentially could be applied to other types of health data such as electronic health records.
Tension pneumoperitoneum caused by intestinal perforation from underlying colon cancer: a case report
Authors: Joo Woo Jin , Kuwahara Yusuke , Asaka Yoko , Mizu Daisuke , Hara Shigeo , Ariyoshi Koichi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Tension pneumoperitoneum, a form of abdominal compartment syndrome, is an important clinical condition. Increased pressure in the intraperitoneal cavity leads to respiratory and circulatory instability. Most of the reported cases include complications due to active air infusion into the peritoneal cavity or trauma; however, few reports are available on tension pneumoperitoneum caused by perforation from colon cancer. We present a case of a patient with tension pneumoperitoneum caused by gastrointestinal perforation owing to colon cancer.

Case presentation
A 63-year-old Japanese man with altered mental state was brought to our emergency department. He was in shock, and an abdominal radiograph suggested gastrointestinal perforation. Despite rapid fluid infusion and inotropic support, his condition deteriorated. His abdomen was tensely distended; abdominal computed tomography showed significant intra-abdominal gas. Following immediate needle decompression, his circulatory status improved. Emergent laparotomy revealed an approximately 10-cm tumor (adenocarcinoma) in the colon, which caused the perforation.

Conclusions
A perforated wall or the surrounding omental fat that acts as a one-way valve could lead to tension pneumoperitoneum without active air infusion. Although tension pneumoperitoneum is a life-threatening condition, it is reversible if prompt diagnosis and immediate decompression are performed. Physicians should always consider this condition as one of the causes of shock or cardiopulmonary arrest, even without an apparent medical history of active air infusion or trauma.
Revisiting sequential attributable fractions
Authors: Ferguson John , O’Connell Maurice , O’Donnell Martin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
In 1995, Eide and Gefeller introduced the concepts of sequential and average attributable fractions as methods to partition the risk of disease among differing exposures. In particular, sequential attributable fractions are interpreted in terms of an incremental reduction in disease prevalence associated with removing a particular risk factor from the population, having removed other risk factors. Clearly, both concepts are causal entities, but are not usually estimated within a causal inference framework.

Methods
We propose causal definitions of sequential and average attributable fractions using the potential outcomes framework. To estimate these quantities in practice, we model exposure-exposure and exposure-disease interrelationships using a causal Bayesian network, assuming no unmeasured latent confounders. This allows us to model not only the direct impact of removing a risk factor on disease, but also the indirect impact through the effect on the prevalence of causally downstream risk factors that are typically ignored when calculating sequential and average attributable fractions. The procedure for calculating sequential attributable fractions involves repeated applications of Pearl’s do-operator over a fitted Bayesian network, and simulation from the resulting joint probability distributions.

Results
The methods are applied to the INTERSTROKE study, which was designed to quantify disease burden attributable to the major risk factors for stroke. The resulting sequential and average attributable fractions are compared with results from a prior estimation approach which uses a single logistic model and which does not properly account for differing causal pathways.

Conclusions
In contrast to estimation using a single regression model, the proposed approaches allow consistent estimation of sequential, joint and average attributable fractions under general causal structures.
Ecological succession of benthic organisms on niche-type artificial reefs
Authors: Toledo María-Isabel , Torres Pamela , Díaz Cristina , Zamora Victor , López Jesús , Olivares Germán 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAs part of efforts to restore fishery resources and recover damaged coastal ecosystems, artificial reefs are often anchored on the seafloor in coastal zones, to provide new habitats for marine organisms. The aim of the study was to describe the structure of a community of benthic invertebrates colonising a niche-type artificial reef (AATN in Spanish). Nine structures were anchored at depths of 16 ± 1.5 m for 99 weeks (22 months) in the Area of Benthic Resource Management and Exploitation (AMERB) in coastal waters of the Region of Bio Bio, Chile.The results showed that, at 3 months from submersion of the NTAR, much of the artificial substrate remained bare and there were only low levels of specimens ofBalanussp. barnacles, showing mean coverage of 11.26%, and even lower proportions of Rhodophyta, with mean coverage of 0.34%. At 6 months, the presence of hydrozoans was seen, decreasing the coverage of the barnacles, which was aided further at 8 months with the arrival of barnacle predatory invertebrates. At 8 months, new benthic invertebrates appeared and competed for the substrate. These included sponges and algae. At 99 weeks, the hydrozoans dominated the substrate, followed by barnacles and Rhodophyta, the first colonising organisms, leading to colonisation by motile macro-invertebrates, mainly consisting of crustaceans, echinoderms and molluscs.The AATN artificial system provides an ideal substrate for the development of early ecological succession and the use of this technology should be feasible in the recovery process of habitat damaged by anthropogenic actions and climate change.
Biomechanical behavior of three different types of internal tapered connections after cyclic and static loading tests: experimental in vitro
Authors: de Moura Marcos Boaventura , Loureiro Karine Regina Tolesano , Lima Livia Bonjardim , Felippi Christian , Júnior Paulo Cézar Simamoto 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn the long-term success of a dental implant, the reliability and stability of the implant-abutment interface are important. Studies of maximum force of dental implants with different loading values have been used. This study aims to evaluate the influence of the oblique cyclic loading on the maximum force supported in one-piece and two-piece abutments installed on internal tapered implants.FindingsSixty implants and sixty prosthetic abutments were divided into six groups (n= 10): G1 and G2 (two-piece abutments with 16°), G3 and G4 (two-piece abutments with 11.5°), and G5 and G6 (one-piece abutments with 11.5°). A 2-Hz cyclic loading was applied to specimens of G2, G4, and G6, with a number of cycles of 2,400,000. All specimens were inclined by 30° from the vertical axis, and a vertical loading was applied over the tapered connections (ISO 14801). Then, the maximum force was tested by applying a static compression load on the specimens of the 6 groups tested (30°) at a rate of 0.5 mm/s. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk (p> 0.05) and Levene (p= 0.789) tests to determine if the data presented homoscedasticity and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons. Tukey test showed that the maximum force supported by G1 and G2 was not affected by the cyclic load, while in G3 and G4 it decreased significantly when subjected to the cyclic load. The G5 and G6 had a significant increase in maximum force supported when subjected to cyclic load.ConclusionsCyclic loading influenced the maximum force supported of G4 and G6 but did not influence G2.
A single-arm feasibility study of community-delivered Baduanjin (Qigong practice of the eight Brocades) training for frail older adults
Authors: Liu Xiao , Seah Jean Wei Ting , Pang Benedict Wei Jun , Tsao Mary Ann , Gu Falong , Ng Wai Chong , Tay Junie Ying Ru , Ng Tze Pin , Wee Shiou Liang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundFrailty is a common geriatric syndrome, characterized by reduced physiologic reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors, due to cumulative decline in multiple physiological systems. We studied the feasibility of a community-delivered Baduanjin (BDJ) training program among pre-frail/frail community-dwelling older people. We examined (1) safety (adverse events) and physical and psychological effects; and (2) feasibility of recruitment, retention, adherence; recruitment efforts, and any program challenges, so as to inform future studies.MethodsOur study was a single arm pre-post study in a community setting. Sixteen-week group BDJ training (2×/week in the first 4 weeks and 3×/week thereafter) was co-designed and implemented by community-based providers in Singapore. Recruitment, attendance, and adverse events were recorded throughout the training. A participants’ survey was also administered after the training program. Effects of the intervention on physical and functional outcomes (hand grip strength, knee extension strength, Time Up and Go (TUG), Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA), 30-s Sit-to-Stand test, 6-m fast gait speed test), frailty outcomes (frailty score and status), and other outcomes (Maastricht Questionnaire (MQ), Fall Efficacy Scale (FES), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and EQ-5D-5L) were examined before and after the program.ResultsOf 31 older adults screened to be frail, 15 met inclusion criteria and 3 refused participation, resulting in 12 older adults (9 women) enrolled into the program. During the program, one participant was hospitalized (unrelated to BDJ training) and the other 11 (aged 77 ± 6 years; 2 frail, 9 prefrail at baseline) completed the program with average overall attendance of 89%. Most (89%) of the 44 training sessions had attendance > 80%. The program received positive feedback with no training-related adverse events. Participants either reversed (n= 2) or maintained (n= 9) their frailty statuses. There post-training outcomes in hand grip strength, knee extension strength, TUG, MQ, FES, MoCA, GDS, and EQ-5D-5L index score appeared to be better. The reduction of frailty and PPA fall risk scores was of moderate-to-large effect size.ConclusionsCommunity-delivered BDJ training program was safe and feasible for prefrail/frail older adults with the potential to improve physical and cognitive function, reduce fall risk, improve psychological well-being, and reverse frailty status.
What can an echocardiographer see in briefly presented stimuli? Perceptual expertise in dynamic search
Authors: Carrigan A. J. , Stoodley P. , Fernandez F. , Wiggins M. W. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Experts in medical image perception are able to detect abnormalities rapidly from medical images. This ability is likely due to enhanced pattern recognition on a global scale. However, the bulk of research in this domain has focused on static rather than dynamic images, so it remains unclear what level of information that can be extracted from these displays. This study was designed to examine the visual capabilities of echocardiographers—practitioners who provide information regarding cardiac integrity and functionality. In three experiments, echocardiographers and naïve participants completed an abnormality detection task that comprised movies presented on a range of durations, where half were abnormal. This was followed by an abnormality categorization task.

Results
Across all durations, the results showed that performance was high for detection, but less so for categorization, indicating that categorization was a more challenging task. Not surprisingly, echocardiographers outperformed naïve participants.

Conclusions
Together, this suggests that echocardiographers have a finely tuned capability for cardiac dysfunction, and a great deal of visual information can be extracted during a global assessment, within a brief glance. No relationship was evident between experience and performance which suggests that other factors such as individual differences need to be considered for future studies.