bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite element modeling ofCFRPcomposite tubes under low velocity axial impact
Authors: Karagiozova Dora , Ataabadi Pouria B. , Alves Marcilio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe dynamic axial crushing response of circular tubes made of unidirectional carbon fiber‐epoxy composite was investigated numerically applying a new approach to the modeling of the delamination process. In the proposed approach, delamination (interface damage) was modeled by inserting isotropic resin plies capable of damage. They are tied to the adjacent laminae and replace the commonly used surface‐based cohesive model. Two multi‐layer models of laminated tubes having cross‐ply and angle‐ply stacking sequences were simulated using stacked conventional shell elements layers to capture the crushing response and intralaminar and interlayer damage of laminated tubes. The progressive failure analysis in Abaqus/Explicit was utilized to model the successive damage of both the interface and laminae. Both the intralaminar layers and isotropic resin layers were modeled by the conventional reduced integration shell element (S4R). The suggested modeling technique offers some advantages compared to the main‐stream interface modeling of the axial impact of laminated tubes. The computational cost is reduced and yet accurate predictions are obtained. The FE models based on the proposed delamination approach were validated by experimental test results obtained by the authors for cross‐ply and angle‐ply tubes subjected to a low‐velocity impact.
Postoperative inpatient utilization of opioid and opioid‐sparing analgesics in the United States hospitals, 2007–2017
Authors: Bykov Katsiaryna , Patorno Elisabetta , Franklin Jessica M. , Vine Seanna M. , Bateman Brian T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate recent trends in inpatient postoperative utilization of opioid and non‐opioid analgesics in US hospitals.MethodsUsing Premier Research database (October 2007–September 2017), we identified adults who were hospitalized for inpatient surgical procedures (N = 6 068 133). For each month, we calculated proportion of patients admitted that month who were administered (1) opioids, (2) acetaminophen, (3) non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSADs), and (4) gabapentinoids (gabapentin or pregabalin) during the postoperative period, defined as inpatient postoperative days 1–7, unless discharged earlier. For patients administered opioids, we estimated total and average daily postoperative opioid dose in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs). Monthly measures were standardized to the distribution of surgeries and the length of postoperative stay within each surgery during the last year of available data.ResultsOverall, 90.8% of patients were administered opioids postoperatively; mean total postoperative dose was 304 MMEs (median 130). Both the frequency and the amount of opioids administered remained stable over 2007–2017. Postoperative use of acetaminophen increased from mean standardized monthly prevalence of 78% in 2007–2008 to 85% in 2017, while the use of NSAIDs remained stable at a standardized mean of 37%. The use of gabapentinoids increased from below 10% in 2007–2008 to the mean standardized monthly prevalence of 23% in 2017.ConclusionDespite growing awareness of risks associated with postoperative opioid use, we observed no change in postoperative utilization of opioids in US hospitals. Increasing the use of non‐opioid pain management approaches could constitute an important target in our efforts to curtail US opioid epidemic.
Registration of ‘CP 11‐1956’ sugarcane
Authors: Sandhu H.S. , Zhao D. , Davidson R.W. , Gordon V.S. , Islam M. , McCord P.H. , Sood S. , Baltazar M. , Singh M.P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) cultivar ‘CP 11‐1956’ (Reg. no. CV‐198, PI 695075) was released in June 2018 for commercial cultivation on organic (muck) soils in Florida. This cultivar was developed through a collaborative cultivar development program of the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, based at Canal Point, FL. The parents of CP 11‐1956 are CP 03‐2188 (female) and CP 01‐2459 (male). CP 11‐1956 was released because of its excellent combination of disease resistance against major sugarcane diseases and cane and sugar yields that are similar to reference cultivars that are major commercial cultivars in Florida. CP 11‐1956 is considered resistant to brown rust, orange rust, ratoon stunting disease, smut, and mosaic. This cultivar is also moderately resistant to leaf scald and yellow leaf disease. Cane and sugar yields of CP 11‐1956 are similar to the reference cultivar CP 96‐1252 that has occupied the largest acreage in Florida for several years. CP 11‐1956 had poor freeze tolerance compared with several reference cultivars.
Weyl Law on Asymptotically Euclidean Manifolds
Authors: Coriasco Sandro , Doll Moritz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe study the asymptotic behaviour of the eigenvalue counting function for self-adjoint elliptic linear operators defined through classical weighted symbols of order (1, 1), on an asymptotically Euclidean manifold. We first prove a two-term Weyl formula, improving previously known remainder estimates. Subsequently, we show that under a geometric assumption on the Hamiltonian flow at infinity, there is a refined Weyl asymptotics with three terms. The proof of the theorem uses a careful analysis of the flow behaviour in the corner component of the boundary of the double compactification of the cotangent bundle. Finally, we illustrate the results by analysing the operator$$Q=(1+|x|^2)(1-\varDelta )$$Q=(1+|x|2)(1-Δ)on$$\mathbb {R}^d$$Rd.
On the drawback of local detrending in universal kriging in conditions of heterogeneously spaced regional TEC data, low-order trends and outlier occurrences
Authors: Jarmołowski Wojciech , Wielgosz Paweł , Ren Xiaodong , Krypiak-Gregorczyk Anna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe study intercompares three stochastic interpolation methods originating from the same geostatistical family: least-squares collocation (LSC) known from geodesy, as well as ordinary kriging (OKR) and universal kriging (UKR) known from geology and other geosciences. The objective of this work is to assess advantages and drawbacks of fundamental differences in modeling between these methods in imperfect data conditions. These differences primarily refer to the treatment of the reference field, commonly called ‘mean value’ or ‘trend’ in geostatistical language. The trend in LSC is determined globally before the interpolation, whereas OKR and UKR detrend the observations during the modeling process. The approach to detrending leads to the evident differences between LSC, OKR and UKR, especially in severe conditions such as far from the optimal data distribution. The theoretical comparisons of LSC, OKR and UKR often miss the numerical proof, while numerical prediction examples do not apply cross-validation of the estimates, which is proven to be a reliable measure of the prediction precision and a validation of empirical covariances. Our study completes the investigations with precise parametrization of all these methods by leave-one-out validation. It finds the key importance of the detrending schemes and shows the advantage of LSC prior global detrending scheme in unfavorable conditions of sparse data, data gaps and outlier occurrence. The test case is the modeling of vertical total electron content (VTEC) derived from GNSS station data. This kind of data is a challenge for precise covariance modeling due to weak signal at higher frequencies and existing outliers. The computation of daily set of VTEC maps using the three techniques reveals the weakness of UKR solutions with a local detrending type in imperfect data conditions.
Determination of the lunar body tide from global laser altimetry data
Authors: Thor Robin N. , Kallenbach Reinald , Christensen Ulrich R. , Gläser Philipp , Stark Alexander , Steinbrügge Gregor , Oberst Jürgen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe use global data from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) to retrieve the lunar tidal Love number $$h_2$$

h
2

and find $$h_2 = 0.0387\pm 0.0025$$

h
2

=
0.0387
±
0.0025

. This result is in agreement with previous estimates from laser altimetry using crossover points of LOLA profiles. The Love numbers $$k_2$$

k
2

and $$h_2$$

h
2

are key constraints on planetary interior models. We further develop and apply a retrieval method based on a simultaneous inversion for the topography and the tidal signal benefiting from the large volume of LOLA data. By the application to the lunar tides, we also demonstrate the potential of the method for future altimetry experiments at other planetary bodies. The results of this study are very promising with respect to the determination of Mercury’s and Ganymede’s $$h_2$$

h
2

from future altimeter measurements.
Log smooth deformation theory via Gerstenhaber algebras
Authors: Felten Simon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe construct a $$k\left[ \!\left[ Q\right] \!\right] $$

k

Q

-linear predifferential graded Lie algebra $$L^{\bullet }_{X_0/S_0}$$

L

X
0

/

S
0

∙

associated to a log smooth and saturated morphism $$f_0: X_0 \rightarrow S_0$$

f
0

:

X
0

→

S
0

and prove that it controls the log smooth deformation functor. This provides a geometric interpretation of a construction in Chan et al. (Geometry of the Maurer-Cartan equation near degenerate Calabi-Yau varieties, 2019. arXiv:1902.11174) whereof $$L^{\bullet }_{X_0/S_0}$$

L

X
0

/

S
0

∙

is a purely algebraic version. Our proof crucially relies on studying deformations of the Gerstenhaber algebra of polyvector fields; this method is closely related to recent developments in mirror symmetry.
Fetal Echocardiographic Dimension Indices: Important Predictors of Postnatal Coarctation
Authors: Fricke Katrin , Liuba Petru , Weismann Constance G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study is to identify reliable quantitative fetal echocardiographic predictors for postnatal development of coarctation (CoA). In this retrospective study, we included 65 fetuses with a prenatally suspected, isolated CoA, born 2010–2018. Dimensions of the cardiac structures, aortic, and ductal arches expressed as ratios and Z-scores were analyzed in relation to outcome. Fetuses that developed CoA postnatally (34%) exhibited significantly smaller Z-scores of left cardiac structures from the mitral valve to the aortic isthmus. The most sensitive and specific predictors were a carotid-subclavian artery index (CSAI) of < 0.78 (92.3% sensitivity, 96.8% specificity) or a product of isthmus-to-duct ratio in the three-vessel trachea view (3VT) and the mitral-to-tricuspid valve ratio (I/D3VTxMV/TV) of < 0.37 (100% sensitivity, 94.6% specificity). When comparing different Z-score datasets, we observed large and highly significant differences. Postnatal CoA can be predicted with high accuracy during fetal life using CSAI or I/D3VTxMV/TV. The latter may be particularly useful if adequate sagittal aortic arch images cannot be obtained. As significant and clinically unacceptable differences in Z-scores were observed for the same measurements, this calls for a large multi-center collaboration to generate reliable fetal echocardiographic Z-scores.
Current state of perinatal postmortem magnetic resonance imaging: European Society of Paediatric Radiology questionnaire-based survey and recommendations
Authors: Whitby Elspeth , Offiah Amaka C. , Shelmerdine Susan C. , van Rijn Rick R. , Aertsen Michael , Klein Willemijn M. , Perry David , Goergen Stacy K. , Abel Christian , Taranath Ajay , Gascho Dominic , Miller Elka , Arthurs Owen J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Postmortem magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in perinatal and childhood deaths is increasingly used as a noninvasive adjunct or alternative to autopsy. Imaging protocols vary between centres and consensus guidelines do not exist.

Objective
Our aim was to develop practical, standardised recommendations for perinatal postmortem MRI.

Materials and methods
Recommendations were based on the results of two surveys regarding local postmortem MRI practices sent electronically to all 14 members of the European Society of Paediatric Radiology (ESPR) Postmortem Imaging Task Force and 17 members of the International Society of Forensic Radiology and Imaging Task Force (25 different centres).

Results
Overall, 11/14 (78.6%) respondents from different institutions perform postmortem MRI. All of these centres perform postmortem MRI for perinatal and neonatal deaths, but only 6/11 (54.5%) perform imaging in older children.

Conclusion
We propose a clinical standard for postmortem MRI sequences plus optional sequences for neuroimaging and cardiac anatomy depending on available scanning time and referral indications.
Clinical Outcomes of Ambulatory Endovascular Treatment Using 4-French and 6-French Femoral Access Strategies: The Bio4amb Multicentre Trial
Authors: Brodmann Marianne , Deloose Koen , Steinmetz Eric , Regnard Olivier , Ritter Jens C. , Berger Ludovic , Dahm Johannes B. , Jansen Shirley , Mwipatayi Bibombe P. , Desgranges Pascal , Hausegger Klaus , van den Berg Jos C. ,   on behalf of the BIO4AMB investigators
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Ambulatory peripheral vascular interventions have been steadily increasing. In ambulatory procedures, 4F devices might be particularly useful having the potential to reduce access-site complications; however, further evidence on their safety and efficacy is needed.

Materials and Methods
BIO4AMB is a prospective, non-randomized mulitcentre, non-inferiority trial conducted in 35 centres in Europe and Australia comparing the use of 4F- and 6F-compatible devices. The main exclusion criteria included an American Society of Anaesthesiologists class ≥ 4, coagulation disorders, or social isolation. The primary endpoint was access-site complications within 30 days.

Results
The 4F group enrolled 390 patients and the 6F group 404 patients. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. Vascular closure devices were used in 7.7% (4F group) and 87.6% (6F group) of patients. Patients with vascular closure device use in the 4F group were subsequently excluded from the primary analysis, resulting in 361 patients in the 4F group. Time to haemostasis was longer for the 4F group, but the total procedure time was shorter (13.2 ± 18.8 vs. 6.4 ± 8.9 min, p < 0.0001, and 39.1 ± 25.2 vs. 46.4 ± 27.6 min, p < 0.0001). Discharge on the day of the procedure was possible in 95.0% (4F group) and 94.6% (6F group) of patients. Access-site complications were similar between the groups (2.8% and 3.2%) and included predominantly groin haematomas and pseudoaneurysms. Major adverse events through 30 days occurred in 1.7% and 2.0%, respectively.

Conclusions
Ambulatory peripheral vascular interventions are feasible and safe. The use of 4F devices resulted in similar outcomes compared to that of 6F devices.
Impact of chest wall deformity on cardiac function by CMR and feature-tracking strain analysis in paediatric patients with Marfan syndrome
Authors: Lam Hy Van , Groth Michael , Mir Thomas , Bannas Peter , Lund Gunnar K. , Jahnke Charlotte M. , Warncke Malte , Maas Kai-Jonathan , Adam Gerhard , Herrmann Jochen , Tahir Enver 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate systolic cardiac dysfunction in paediatric MFS patients with chest wall deformity using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and feature-tracking strain analysis.

Methods
Forty paediatric MFS patients (16 ± 3 years, range 8−22 years) and 20 age-matched healthy controls (16 ± 4 years, range 11−24 years) were evaluated retrospectively. Biventricular function and volumes were determined using cine sequences. Feature-tracking CMR was used to assess global systolic longitudinal (GLS), circumferential (GCS) and radial strain (GRS). A dedicated balanced turbo field echo sequence was used to quantify chest wall deformity by measuring the Haller index (HI).

Results
LV volumes and ejection fraction (EF) were similar in MFS patients and controls. There was a trend for lower right ventricular (RV) volume (75 ± 17 vs. 81 ± 10 ml/m2, p = 0.08), RV stroke volume (41 ± 12 vs. 50 ± 5 ml/m2, p < 0.001) and RVEF (55 ± 10 vs. 62 ± 6%, p < 0.01) in MFS patients. A subgroup of MFS patients had an increased HI compared to controls (4.6 ± 1.7 vs. 2.6 ± 0.3, p < 0.001). They demonstrated a reduced RVEF compared to MFS patients without chest wall deformity (50 ± 11% vs. 58 ± 8%, p = 0.01) and controls (p < 0.001). LV GLS was attenuated when HI ≥ 3.25 (- 16 ± 2 vs. - 18 ± 3%, p = 0.03), but not GCS and GRS. LV GLS (p < 0.01) and GCS (p < 0.0001) were attenuated in MFS patients compared to controls, but not GRS (p = 0.31). RV GLS was attenuated in MFS patients compared to controls (- 21 ± 3 vs. - 23 ± 3%, p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Chest wall deformity in paediatric MFS patients is associated with reduced RV volume, ejection fraction and GLS. Feature-tracking CMR also indicates impairment of systolic LV function in paediatric MFS patients.

Key Points
• Paediatric Marfan patients demonstrate reduced RV volume and ejection fraction compared to healthy controls.
• A concordant attenuation in RV global longitudinal strain was observed in Marfan patients, while the RV global circumferential strain was increased, indicating a possible compensatory mechanism.
• Subgroup analyses demonstrated alterations in RV ejection fraction and RV/LV global strain parameters, indicating a possible association of severe chest wall deformity with biventricular dysfunction in paediatric Marfan patients.
The CMIP6 Historical Simulation Datasets Produced by the Climate System Model CAMS-CSM
Authors: Rong Xinyao , Li Jian , Chen Haoming , Su Jingzhi , Hua Lijuan , Zhang Zhengqiu , Xin Yufei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper describes the historical simulations produced by the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS) climate system model (CAMS-CSM), which are contributing to phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). The model description, experiment design and model outputs are presented. Three members’ historical experiments are conducted by CAMS-CSM, with two members starting from different initial conditions, and one excluding the stratospheric aerosol to identify the effect of volcanic eruptions. The outputs of the historical experiments are also validated using observational data. It is found that the model can reproduce the climatological mean states and seasonal cycle of the major climate system quantities, including the surface air temperature, precipitation, and the equatorial thermocline. The long-term trend of air temperature and precipitation is also reasonably captured by CAMS-CSM. There are still some biases in the model that need further improvement. This paper can help the users to better understand the performance and the datasets of CAMS-CSM.
Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) for the treatment of ileocolonic Crohn’s disease: a propensity score–matched analysis
Authors:   SICCR Current status of Crohn’s disease surgery collaborative, Celentano Valerio , Pellino Gianluca , Rottoli Matteo , Colombo Francesco , Sampietro Gianluca , Spinelli Antonino , Selvaggi Francesco 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Single-incision laparoscopic surgery (SILS) aims to minimize the surgical access trauma by reducing the number of abdominal incisions to a single site, potentially offering better cosmetic results and decreased postoperative pain. In this study, we compare the results of SILS ileocolic resection for Crohn’s disease (CD) to conventional laparoscopy and open surgery using a propensity score–matched analysis in a retrospective national multicentre study.

Methods
All consecutive patients undergoing elective SILS ileocaecal or redo ileocolic resection for primary and recurrent CD from 1 June 2018 to 31 May 2019 were included. Patients were matched 1:1:1 with laparoscopy and open surgery according to perianal disease, recurrent disease, penetrating phenotype of CD, history of previous abdominal surgery, preoperative medical treatment with steroids and anti-TNF. Postoperative morbidity within 30 days of surgery was the primary endpoint.

Results
Fifty-eight patients were included in each group, for a total of 174 patients. The conversion rate for SILS and laparoscopy was 10.3% and 12%, respectively, with no difference in the incidence of postoperative complications (13.8% and 12%, p = 0.77), whilst open surgery demonstrated a worse morbidity profile, with a complication rate of 25.9% (p < 0.0001). Median length of hospital stay following SILS ileocolic resection was 5 days, significantly shorter compared to 7 days for laparoscopy and 9 for open surgery (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
SILS ileocolonic resection for CD demonstrated a comparable morbidity profile compared to laparoscopy in selected patients, with a reduced length of postoperative hospital stay.
Formation of Bushveld anorthosite by reactive porous flow
Authors: Maier W. D. , Barnes S.-J. , Muir D. , Savard D. , Lahaye Y. , Smith W. D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBushveld anorthosites commonly contain the so-called “mottles” comprising irregular, typically centimetric domains of oikocrystic pyroxene or olivine enclosing small, embayed plagioclase grains. The mottles were traditionally interpreted to result from solidification of trapped intercumulus liquid or via in situ crystallisation at the top of the crystal mush. Here, we present microtextural and compositional data of a mottle to place further constraints on the formation of anorthosite layers. Element maps generated by scanning electron microscopy reveal that plagioclase within and around the mottle has markedly elevated An contents (up to An95) relative to the host anorthosite and is strongly reversely zoned. Other unusual features, some of which were reported previously, include a halo of sub-vertically oriented, acicular phlogopite around the mottle, elevated contents of disseminated sulfides, and relatively evolved yet Ni-rich olivine (Fo71–75, 3000 ppm Ni). These features are interpreted to result from reactive porous flow of hot, acidic fluid enriched in nickel and sulfur through proto norite. The fluids dissolved mafic minerals and leached alkalis from the outer rims of plagioclase grains. Reconnaissance studies suggest that reversed zoning of plagioclase is a common feature in Bushveld norite and anorthosite. This implies that reactive porous flow could have been far more pervasive than currently realised and that Bushveld anorthosite layers formed through recrystallisation of norites.
Investigation of anodic behaviour of phenylethers in non-aqueous solvents on platinum and glassy carbon electrodes
Authors: Kiss László , Kovács Ferenc , Kunsági-Máté Sándor 
Published: December 2020

AbstractElectrooxidation of selected phenylethers was investigated (2-phenoxyethanol, anisole, o-nitrophenyl octyl ether, diphenylether, fenoxycarb) on platinum and glassy carbon electrodes. The chosen solvents were acetonitrile, dimethyl sulphoxide, 1-propanol and mesityl oxide. In acetonitrile, at around 2 V characteristic voltammetric peaks appeared for all compounds. In dimethyl sulphoxide and 1-propanol, no relevant peak appeared due to the high overlapping with solvent electrooxidation. During anodic oxidation of o-nitrophenyl octyl ether and fenoxycarb, a bimolecular reaction takes place predominantly. In mesityl oxide due to its unsaturated bond, identical behaviour was observed for majority of compounds and the differences between the two electrodes are also highlighted in the surface studies. The images made with the aid of an optical microscope showed the formation of islands of products for each substrate after deposition from mesityl oxide.