bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Gaze Fixation Location and Duration Between Resident and Fellowship Sonographers Interpreting a Focused Assessment With Sonography in Trauma
Authors: Bell Colin R. , Szulewski Adam , Walker Melanie , McKaigney Conor , Ross Graeme , Rang Louise , Newbigging Joseph , Kendall John 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe quantified the gaze fixation duration of resident and fellowship sonographers interpreting a prerecorded focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST). We hypothesized that all sonographers would fixate on each relevant anatomic relationship but that the duration of fixation would differ.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study collecting and analyzing the gaze fixations of a convenience sample of current resident and fellowship sonographers. All sonographers viewed a standardized FAST video, and their gaze fixations were recorded using a Tobii X3‐120 eye‐tracking bar. Gaze fixations over nine anatomic regions of interest (ROIs) were identified. These were assessed for normality and analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank sum test at an alpha of 0.05 and Bonferroni correction p value of <0.0034. The chi‐square test and Pearson’s correlation were performed to assess statistical association.ResultsThe gaze fixation recordings of 24 resident and eight fellowship sonographers were suitable for analysis. Fourteen of the 24 resident sonographers viewed all ROIs in the FAST, whereas all eight fellowship sonographers viewed each of the nine relevant ROIs. Five ROIs were identified over which at least one resident sonographer did not have a gaze fixation. No statistically significant difference was identified between groups. Resident sonographers gaze fixated over the left upper quadrant (LUQ) splenorenal interface for a median (interquartile range) of 10.64 (9.73–11.60) seconds. The fellowship group viewed the same ROI for 8.43 (6.64–8.95) seconds (p < 0.003). All participants viewed this ROI. No other ROIs had a statistical difference.ConclusionFive ROIs were identified that were not visually interrogated by all resident sonographers. Only 14 of 24 resident sonographers visually interrogated every area in the FAST, whereas all fellowship sonographers interrogated every ROI. A statistically significant difference was found in gaze fixation duration between resident and fellowship sonographers in one ROI. Further study is required for gaze fixation assessment to become a tool for the interpretation component of point‐of‐care ultrasound.
Response of kiwifruit yield and fruit quality to chloride‐containing fertilizers
Authors: Yang Lili , Zhu Zhijun , Zhang Jinshui , Gao Yimin , Wang Xingmei , Liu Gaoyuan , Li Na , Ma Long , Tong Yan‐an 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA 3‐yr field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of chloride‐containing fertilizer application on the yield and fruit quality of kiwifruit and the distribution of chloride ions (Cl–) in plants and soil. Five chlorine treatments were applied in a 10‐yr‐old kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa ‘Hayward’) orchard: (1) CO(NH2)2 + Ca(H2PO4)2 + K2SO4 (control, 0 kg Cl ha−1); (2) CO(NH2)2 + Ca(H2PO4)2 + 1/2KCl + 1/2K2SO4 (170 kg Cl ha−1); (3) CO(NH2)2 + Ca(H2PO4)2 + KCl (340 kg Cl ha−1); (4) 1/2CO(NH2)2 + 1/2NH4Cl + Ca(H2PO4)2 + KCl (910 kg Cl ha−1); and (5) NH4Cl + Ca(H2PO4)2 + KCl (1480 kg Cl ha−1). In terms of the 3‐yr average (2015–2017), a higher yield of kiwifruit was obtained under chlorine treatments at levels of 170 and 340 kg Cl ha−1, which increased by 18 and 12.5% compared with the control. Despite no significant differences in fruit soluble solids, titratable acid, and soluble sugar contents, all chlorine treatments, especially 910 and 1480 kg Cl ha−1, resulted in less vitamin C content after 3 yr of application compared with the control. Increasing chlorine application increased Cl– concentrations in both the plants and soil; however, maximum concentrations did not exceed the safe concentrations (<20 g kg−1 and < 400 mg kg−1, respectively). In conclusion, applying a restricted amount of chloride‐containing fertilizers (170–340 kg Cl ha−1) could increase kiwifruit yield under the experimental conditions, with no harm to plant leaves or soil.
SCN8Aheterozygous variants are associated with anoxic‐epileptic seizures
Authors: Ranza Emmanuelle , Z'Graggen Werner , Lidgren Mathias , Beghetti Maurice , Guipponi Michel , Antonarakis Stylianos E. , Absoud Michael , Goyal Sushma , Pal Deb K. , Korff Christian M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAnoxic‐epileptic seizures (AES) are rare outcomes of common childhood reflex anoxic syncope that trigger a true epileptic seizure. The term AES was coined by Stephenson in 1983, to differentiate these events from convulsive syncopes and the more common reflex anoxic syncopes. A genetic susceptibility for AES has been postulated; but, its molecular basis has up to now been elusive. We report here two illustrative cases and show the association of de novoSCN8Avariants and AES. One of them had focal or generalized seizures and autonomic symptoms triggered by orthostatism; the second had breath‐holding spells triggered by pain or exercise leading to tonic–clonic seizures; both had repeatedly normal EEGs and a family history of reflex syncope. The data of three additional AES patients further suggest, for the first time, a link betweenSCN8Apathogenic variants and AES. The neurodevelopment of four patients was abnormal. Four of the fiveSCN8Amutations observed here were previously described in patients with seizure disorders. Seizures responded particularly well to sodium channel blockers. Our observation enriches the spectrum of seizures linked withSCN8Apathogenic variants.
Suitability of the woodchuck HCC as a preclinical model for evaluation of intra‐arterial therapies
Authors: Kim Alexander Y. , Yacoub Joseph H. , Field David H. , Park Byoung Uk , Kallakury Bhaskar , Korolowicz Kyle E. , Menne Stephan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe most commonly used preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited for use in testing of intra‐arterial therapies such as transarterial chemoembolization and radioembolization. Issues encountered with the more commonly used animal models include dissimilarity in their disease development compared with humans and the size of the vasculature which can make intra‐arterial therapy testing difficult or impossible. Here we describe the suitability of the woodchuck HCC model for testing of intra‐arterial therapies. We describe the techniques for pre‐embolization imaging assessment using CT and MRI, technical tips on performing angiography and embolization, and pathological assessment of treated liver.
Association of Visceral Adiposity With Pain but Not Structural Osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Shanshan , Schwartz Ann V. , LaValley Michael P. , Wang Na , Desai Nancy , Sun Xianbang , Neogi Tuhina , Nevitt Michael , Lewis Cora E. , Guermazi Ali , Roemer Frank , Segal Neil , Felson David ,   for the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study Group
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveOsteoarthritis (OA) and pain are both made more severe by low‐grade inflammation. This study was undertaken to examine whether visceral fat, a major source of inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, is associated with an increased risk of knee OA or musculoskeletal pain.MethodsSubjects in the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study cohort, who were age 50–79 years and had or were at high risk of knee OA, underwent whole‐body dual x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline. At baseline, 30 months, and 60 months radiographs and magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of the knees were obtained, and patients were asked to score the severity of their knee pain and to identify sites of joint pain using a body homunculus. Baseline DXA scans were used to measure total body fat and visceral and subcutaneous fat in the torso. The association of fat depot size with structural outcomes (incident radiographic OA and cartilage loss and synovitis on MRI) and with pain outcomes (worsening knee pain, number of painful joints, and widespread pain) was assessed. Regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, education level, smoking status, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and depressive symptoms.ResultsOf the 2,961 participants at baseline, 60.7% were women. The mean age was 62.5 years and mean BMI was 30.5 kg/m2. After adjustment for covariates, no fat measures were associated with any structural outcomes. However, total and visceral, but not subcutaneous, fat were positively associated with worsening knee pain (P = 0.0005 for total fat and P = 0.007 for visceral fat) and widespread pain (P = 0.001 for total fat and P = 0.02 for visceral fat), and the amount of visceral fat was associated with the number of painful joints (P = 0.07).ConclusionOur findings indicate that visceral fat is associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal and widespread pain.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative ortho‐C(sp2)−H Aroylation of N‐Sulfoximine Benzamides at Room Temperature
Authors: Das Prasenjit , Biswas Promita , Guin Joyram 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed method for the decarboxylative ortho C−H acylation of N‐sulfoximine benzamides is developed at room temperature. The catalytic method enables easy access to various functionalized 2‐aroylaromatic carboxylic acid derivatives in good isolated yields. Based on our mechanistic studies, a Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalytic cycle that involves aroyl radical intermediate is proposed for the reaction.
Preparations, Structures and Luminescence Properties of Penta‐rare‐earth Incorporated Tetravacant Dawson Selenotungstates and Their Ho3+/Tm3+ Co‐doped Derivatives
Authors: Zhang Yan , Liu Yi‐Fan , Xu Xin , Chen Li‐Juan , Zhao Jun‐Wei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA family of penta‐rare‐earth incorporated tetravacant Dawson selenotungstates [H2N(CH3)2]10H3[SeO4RE5(H2O)7(Se2W14O52)2] ⋅ 40H2O [RE=Ho3+ (1), Er3+ (2), Tm3+ (3), Tb3+ (4)] were synthesized. It should be noted that a penta‐RE [SeO4RE5(H2O)7]11+ central core connecting two tetra‐vacant Dawson‐type [Se2W14O52]12− subunits generates a dimeric assembly of [SeO4RE5 (H2O)7(Se2W14O52)2]13− in the structures of 1–4. Meanwhile, a class of Ho3+/Tm3+ co‐doped derivatives based on 1 with a Ho3+/Tm3+ molar ratio of 0.75:0.25–0.25:0.75 were also prepared and characterized by energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses. Moreover, their luminescence properties were systematically investigated, which indicate that Tm3+ ions can sensitize the emission of Ho3+ ions in the visible region and prolong the fluorescence lifetime of Ho3+ ions to some extent. Energy transfer from Tm3+ ions to Ho3+ ions was probed by time‐resolved emission spectroscopy (TRES), and the CIE 1931 diagram has been applied to evaluate all possible luminescence colors.
Ein Gruß aus der Vergangenheit
Authors: Kahn Julian‐Niklas , Walz Marcus 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDie Instandsetzungsarbeiten in der Tiefgarage am Hofgarten in Bonn stellten das ausführende Unternehmen, die Ed. Züblin AG, Direktion Bauwerkserhaltung, vor besondere Herausforderungen. Neben einer umfangreichen Betoninstandsetzung der Tiefgaragenkonstruktion galt es den Rohbau für eine bis dato nicht vorhandene Aufzugsanlage zu realisieren. Im Zuge von Ausschachtungsarbeiten für die Rohbauerstellung wurden historische Mauerwerksüberreste im Boden vorgefunden. Es stellte sich heraus, dass es sich bei den Funden um Überreste der alten Stadtmauer Bonns handelt. Im Folgenden galt es die Fragmente der Stadtmauer in den Rohbau für die neue Aufzugsanlage zu integrieren und für den späteren Publikumsverkehr sichtbar zu machen. Dies brachte zahlreiche planerische sowie bauausführungstechnische Änderungen mit sich, die im Verlauf der Baumaßnahme erfolgreich umgesetzt werden konnten.
Detection and destruction of HER2‐positive cancer cells by Ultra Quenchbody‐siRNA complex
Authors: Dong Jinhua , Oka Yuya , Jeong Hee‐Jin , Ohmuro‐Matsuyama Yuki , Ueda Hiroshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUltra Quenchbody (UQ‐body) is a biosensor that utilizes the quenching behavior of the fluorescent dye linked to the antibody V region. When the corresponding antigen is bound to the UQ‐body, the fluorescence is restored and allows the detection of target molecules easily and sensitively. In this paper, we constructed UQ‐bodies to sensitively detect the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) cancer marker in solution or on cancer cells, which was further used to kill the cancer cells. A synthetic Fab fragment of anti‐HER2 antibody Fab37 with many Trp residues at hypervariable region was prepared and labeled with fluorescent dyes to obtain the UQ‐bodies. The UQ‐body could detect HER2 in solution at concentrations as low as 20 pM with an EC50 of 0.3 nM with a fourfold response. Fluorescence imaging of HER2‐positive cells was successfully performed without any washing steps. To deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) to cancer cells, a modified UQ‐body with C‐terminal 9R sequence was also prepared. HER2‐positive cancer cells were effectively killed by polo‐like kinase 1 siRNA intracellularly delivered by the UQ‐body‐9R. The novel approach employing siRNA‐empowered UQ‐body could detect and image the HER2 antigen easily and sensitively, and effectively kill the HER2‐positive cancer cells.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Primary and Secondary β‐Fluoro‐arylamines using Reductive Aminases from Fungi
Authors: González‐Martínez Daniel , Cuetos Aníbal , Sharma Mahima , García‐Ramos Marina , Lavandera Iván , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Grogan Gideon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of chiral amines is of central importance to pharmaceutical chemistry, and the inclusion of fluorine atoms in drug molecules can both increase potency and slow metabolism. Optically enriched β‐fluoroamines can be obtained by the kinetic resolution of racemic amines using amine transaminases (ATAs), but yields are limited to 50 %, and also secondary amines are not accessible. In order to overcome these limitations, we have applied NADPH‐dependent reductive aminase enzymes (RedAms) from fungal species to the reductive amination of α‐fluoroacetophenones with ammonia, methylamine and allylamine as donors, to yield β‐fluoro primary or secondary amines with >90 % conversion and between 85 and 99 % ee. In addition, the effect of the progressive introduction of fluorine atoms to the α‐position of the acetophenone substrate reveals the effect of mono‐, di‐ and tri‐fluorination on the proportion of amine and alcohol in product mixtures, shedding light on the promiscuous ability of imine reductase (IRED)‐type dehydrogenases to reduce fluorinated acetophenones to alcohols.
Structural Origins of the Enhancement in Ionic Conductivity of a Chalcogenide Compound by Adding AgI
Authors: Qiao Wanchun , Qiao Ang , Tao Yunhang , Gu Shaoxuan , Yue Yuanzheng , Tao Haizheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThrough a chemo‐mechanical milling process, we prepared a highly conductive (1.1×10−3 S ⋅ cm−1) amorphous 0.5AgI ⋅ 0.5 Ag3PS4 conductor, which is much higher than that of pure amorphous Ag3PS4 (8.5×10−4 S ⋅ cm−1). Detailed structural characterizations indicate that compared to the ionic conductivity of the amorphous Ag3PS4 conductor, the enhancement can be ascribed to the formation of mixed polymeric anions {[PS4]mIn} around Ag+ ions. Through heat‐treatment at 370 °C for 20 minutes, the room temperature ionic conductivity of the 0.5AgI ⋅ 0.5 Ag3PS4 conductor is further enhanced by about 4 times. This enhancement can be ascribed to the following two aspects: 1) the existence of residual amorphous phase with higher ionic conductivity; 2) the connection of the fast ionic conductive interfaces between the deposited Ag7PS6 nano‐crystals and the residual amorphous phase. This work reveals the key roles of both disorder and interface in improving the ionic conductivity of solid‐state electrolytes.
Gold Redox Catalysis with a Selenium Cation as a Mild Oxidant
Authors: Wang Jin , Wei Chiyu , Li Xuming , Zhao Pengyi , Shan Chuan , Wojtas Lukasz , Chen Hao , Shi Xiaodong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGold‐catalyzed alkyne and allene diselenations were developed. Excellent regioselectivity (trans) and good to excellent yields were achieved (up to 98 % with 2 % catalyst loading) with a wide range of substrates. Mechanistic investigation revealed the formation of a vinyl gold(I) intermediate followed by an intermolecular selenium cation migration, suggesting that a gold(I/III) redox process was successfully implemented under mild conditions.
A randomized controlled trial of a physiology‐guided percutaneous coronary intervention optimization strategy: Rationale and design of the TARGET FFR study
Authors: Collison Damien , McClure John D. , Berry Colin , Oldroyd Keith G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPost‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) fractional flow reserve (FFR) ≥0.90 confers an improved cardiac prognosis. There are currently limited data available to determine how often it is possible to improve an angiographically acceptable but physiologically suboptimal result. A physiology‐guided optimization strategy can achieve a clinically meaningful increase in the proportion of patients achieving a final post‐PCI FFR ≥0.90 compared to standard care. Following angiographically successful PCI procedures, 260 patients will be randomized (1:1) to receive either a physiology‐guided incremental optimization strategy (intervention group) or blinded post‐PCI coronary physiology measurements (control group). Patients undergoing successful, standard‐of‐care PCI for either stable angina or non‐ST‐segment‐elevation myocardial infarction who meet the study's inclusion and exclusion criteria will be eligible for randomization. The primary endpoint is defined as the proportion of patients with a final post‐PCI FFR result ≥0.90. Secondary endpoints include change from baseline in Seattle Angina Questionnaire and EQ‐5D‐5L scores at 3 months and the rate of target vessel failure and its components (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, unplanned rehospitalization with target vessel revascularization) at 3 months and 1 year. 260 individual patients were successfully randomized between March 2018 and November 2019. Key baseline demographics of the study population are reported within. TARGET FFR is an investigator‐initiated, prospective, single‐center, randomized controlled trial of an FFR‐guided PCI optimization strategy. The study has completed recruitment and is now in clinical follow‐up. It is anticipated that primary results will be presented in Autumn 2020. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03259815. [Correction added on Apr 3 2020, after first online publication: Clinical Trials identifier added.]
Coumarin‐Rasagiline Hybrids as Potent and Selective hMAO‐B Inhibitors, Antioxidants, and Neuroprotective Agents
Authors: Matos Maria J. , Herrera Ibatá Diana M. , Uriarte Eugenio , Viña Dolores 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe frequency, complexity and morbidity of neurodegenerative diseases make them a great challenge for nowadays medicine. Most of the treatments currently used for Parkinson's disease – the second most prevalent – are only symptomatic. Therefore, it is urgent to develop drugs that are able to act simultaneously on different targets, being able to stop neuronal death and promote the recovery of neuronal populations already affected. In this work, we studied the activity of a series of hybrid molecules, which combine the structure of both coumarin and an alkynylamine group inspired on rasagiline, as MAO inhibitors, antioxidants and neuroprotective agents. Half of the studied hybrids turned out to be selective monoamine oxidase B (hMAO‐B) inhibitors in the low micro/nanomolar range, demonstrating that positions 3 (compounds 1–3) and 7 (compounds 8 and 10) of the coumarin scaffold are the most suitable for the incorporation of the alkynylamine chain. All the studied compounds proved to be capable of neutralizing free radicals (DPPH). Finally, the 4‐(but‐2‐yn‐1‐ylamino)coumarin (5) showed neuroprotective effects on glial cells and the 4‐methyl‐7‐(pent‐2‐yn‐1‐ylamino)coumarin (8) inhibited intraneuronal ROS production as well.
Purification of T Cell Populations
Authors: Fuss Ivan J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article describes a procedure for isolating T cell subpopulations using various methods including indirect panning and immunopanning by microarray. In these methods, cells are selected by their capacity to bind to antibody‐coated plates (or slides) on the basis of particular cell‐surface markers. Such methods can be superior to the antibody/complement lysis method (Alternate Protocol), as they can select additional cell population for analysis. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of T cell populations by indirect panningBasic Protocol 2: Immunopanning with microarrayAlternate Protocol: Isolation of T cell populations by antibody/complement–mediated cytotoxicity
Interplay between Mesocrystals of CaTiO3 and Edge Sulfur Atom Enriched MoS2 on Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheets: Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance under Sunlight Irradiation
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Navakoteswara Rao Vempuluru , Kumar Ajay , Venkatakrishnan Shankar Muthukonda , Krishnan Venkata 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, an attempt has been made to strategically and systematically design novel and multifunctional nanocomposite photocatalysts by coupling mesocrystals of CaTiO3 with edge‐sulfur‐atoms‐enriched MoS2 and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets. A remarkable enhancement in photocatalytic activity could be evidenced with an optimized content (20 %) of MoS2−RGO nanosheets coupled with CaTiO3 mesocrystals. This nanocomposite showed a 33‐fold enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in comparison to bare CaTiO3, with apparent quantum efficiencies of 5.4 %, 3.0 % and 17.7 % at 365, 420 and 600 nm monochromatic wavelengths. In addition, the excellent adsorptive degradation of different organic pollutants was also achieved with these photocatalysts, which revealed their multifunctional behavior. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be accredited mainly to following factors: (i) Intimate contact between constituent materials and efficient charge transfer across the ternary heterojunction, which suppresses photogenerated charge recombination; (ii) The high surface area provides abundant sites for reactant adsorption and further reaction; (iii) Defect‐rich MoS2 with sulfur atoms on the exposed edges provide sticky sites for H+ ions and hence enhance the hydrogen generation. The design strategy employed in this work can be adopted to improve the properties and performance of other mesocrystals, which can lead to the fabrication of low‐cost and multifunctional catalysts for diverse applications.