bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing a drift and diffusion framework for childhood growth research
Authors: Lewis Fraser I , Guga Godfrey , Mdoe Paschal , Mduma Esto , Mahopo Cloupas , Bessong Pascal , Richard Stephanie A , McCormick Benjamin J J 
Published: November 2020

Background: Growth trajectories are highly variable between children, making epidemiological analyses challenging both to the identification of malnutrition interventions at the population level and also risk assessment at individual level. We introduce stochastic differential equation (SDE) models into child growth research. SDEs describe flexible dynamic processes comprising: drift - gradual smooth changes – such as physiology or gut microbiome, and diffusion - sudden perturbations, such as illness or infection.Methods: We present a case study applying SDE models to child growth trajectory data from the Haydom, Tanzania and Venda, South Africa sites within the MAL-ED cohort. These data comprise n=460 children aged 0-24 months. A comparison with classical curve fitting (linear mixed models) is also presented.Results: The SDE models offered a wide range of new flexible shapes and parameterizations compared to classical additive models, with performance as good or better than standard approaches. The predictions from the SDE models suggest distinct longitudinal clusters that form distinct ‘streams’ hidden by the large between-child variability.Conclusions: Using SDE models to predict future growth trajectories revealed new insights in the observed data, where trajectories appear to cluster together in bands, which may have a future risk assessment application. SDEs offer an attractive approach for child growth modelling and potentially offer new insights.
Updating Ravenstein: Internal Migration as a Driver of Regional Population Change in the Wider South East of England
Authors: Champion Tony 
Published: November 2020

Key among Ravenstein’s “laws”, derived from extensive analysis of mid-19th century migration patterns in the British Isles, are that the majority of migrants go only a short distance and that migration proceeds stepwise as a sequence of localised population shifts towards the principal centres of commerce and industry. This paper tests these two laws in the 21st century context of counterurbanisation by reference to migration taking place within the Wider South East (WSE) of England, being the region dominated by deconcentration pressures emanating from London. It comprises two sets of empirical analyses using migration data for the period 2001-2016. Firstly, these data are aggregated to a set of broadly concentric rings around this core and analysed to reveal how much of the net outward shifts of population produced by this migration arises from net movement taking place between adjacent rings as a type of cascade as opposed to leapfrogging directly from the core into a non-adjacent ring. Cascading is found to predominate at this scale, confirming the continued importance of shorter-distance moving. Secondly, the migration data are rendered into a Travel to Work Area (TTWA) framework to examine the extent to which these subdivisions of the WSE perform a type of entrepôt role in helping to shift population outwards from London. Drawing on Ravenstein’s concepts of counties of “transfer” and “absorption”, two measures are developed for revealing how the net inflow to a particular TTWA from rings closer to the core compares numerically with the net outflow from that TTWA to the rings further away from it. The derived transfer and absorption rates are then used to classify the TTWAs into four groups according to whether their scores on each are above or below average. It is found that a TTWA’s role varies according to two main dimensions: the concentric zone to which it belongs and the radial sector out of London in which it is located, notably whether the sector has a coastal or landward border.
* This article belongs to a special issue on “Internal Migration as a Driver of Regional Population Change in Europe: Updating Ravenstein”.
Effects of permeable barriers on total ecosystem carbon stocks of mangrove forests and abandoned ponds in Demak District, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Ardhani Trialaksita Sari Priska , MURDIYARSO DANIEL , KUSMANA CECEP 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Authors. 2020. Effects of permeable barriers on total ecosystem carbon stocks of mangrove forests and abandoned ponds in Demak District, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5298-5307. In this study, we observed the effects of constructing permeable barriers in the low-lying coastal zone and severely eroded coast of Demak District, Central Java, Indonesia in the context of mangrove forest structures and carbon (C) dynamics. Forest structures were characterized by stand density, basal area, and ecological indices. The dynamics of C, expressed as total ecosystem carbon stocks (TECS), were compared in mangrove forests, abandoned ponds, and productive ponds by estimating C pools from above- and belowground biomass, dead organic matter, and soil. We found that permeable barriers, whether or not protect mangroves, results in the similarity of above- and belowground C due to no considerable difference in basal area. By contrast, soil properties in terms of bulk density, N concentration, and C:N ratio statistically varied among sites. We discovered that changes in soil properties were associated with duration of permeable barriers, resulting in an increase of soil C in mangrove sites, i.e., 618.84±30.39 Mg C ha−1; 704.13±17.73 Mg C ha−1; and 759.88±15.26 Mg C ha−1 in 0-, 1-, and 4-year-old permeable barriers, respectively. Moreover, these barriers were proved not only could enrich soil C in mangroves but also provide a habitat for Avicennia sp. seedlings in the newly reclaimed coastline.
Towards a model and strategy for transformational change
Authors: El-Amin Abeni , George Babu 
Published: November 2020

Leaders must ask critical questions when deciding to initiate change such as: Where to begin? What and how to organize resources? How to distribute responsibilities within the organization? These questions are especially important when an organization faces the need to change in the instance of a crisis. Leaders must develop objectives, which accomplish strategic goals. Logically, these goals categorize into explicit actions: the organization should clarify how they sequence and correlate a change strategy. Articulating precisely which capacities, structures, and product offerings influence how stakeholders perceive change within organizations is vital. This article sketches key processes and pathways that make transformational change possible.
Decoupling of economic activity and freight transport volume: An evidence for short sea shipping future in the ECOWAS sub-region
Authors: Elem T. R. , Ogwude I. C. , Ibe C. C. , Nnadi K. U. , Ejem Ejem Agwu 
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the decoupling trend between GDP and freight volumes in the ECOWAS states to develop short sea shipping model for the ECOWAS sub-region aimed at reducing the cost per transported unit within the sub-region. The research is based on cross-sectional data from ECOWAS countries spanning from 2000 to 2013 and sourced from the ECOWAS Commission and National Bureaus of Statistics of some member countries. The data were analysed using arc elasticity which is a transport demand modelling tool, to determine the level of variations among trade volumes in the ECOWAS sub-region. It was discovered that total freight volume improved proportionally with growth in GDP for most of the periods in the ECOWAS member countries. This is confirmed by the coefficients of elasticity close 1 or higher than 1. In certain periods, however, the coefficient of elasticity of total freight volumes was found to be approximately zero, thus, indicating that considerable potential freights were lost. More stable values have the coefficients of general elasticity below 1. In most of the ECOWAS countries, the coefficients of general elasticity are unstable, both negative and positive values have a range of values (from -43.709 to 52.364). Hence, freight traffic volume and GDP in the ECOWAS region is highly decoupled. This has raised a serious question as to the prudence of continued dominance of road transport mode for intra-regional freight movement in the ECOWAS sub-region. The result of the study revealed a strong correlation between GDP, the population of member states and the volume of freight in the ECOWAS member countries. The research also showed that the development of short sea shipping model in the sub-region would depend considerably on growth in GDP, improvement in the productivity of the population and increase in seaport corridors of the ECOWAS sub-region.
Invasive aspergillosis in adult patients with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Mazurov V. I. , Lila A. M. , Shadrivova O. V. , Tonkoshkur M. S. , Shostak M. S. , Martynova L. V. , Inamova O. V. , Petrova M. S. , Fonturenko A. Yu. , Desyatik E. A. , Borzova Yu. V. , Melekhina Yu. E. , Bogomolova I. S. , Ignatyeva S. M. , Klimko N. N. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: to study risk factors for invasive aspergillosis (IA), its etiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment efficiency in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD).Patients and methods. The first study of proven and probable IA (EORT/MSGERC, 2019) was conducted in 18 patients with RD, who accounted for 3% of all adult IA patients (n=699) included in the 1998–2020 registry of the Department of Clinical Mycology, Allergology, and Immunology, I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University (Group 1). This group comprised 56% women; the median age was 59 [21; 75] years. Group 2 (a comparison group) included 610 adult hematology patients with IA (median age, 45 [18; 79] years; 42% women). A prospective case-control study was conducted to identify risk factors for IA in patients with RD: 36 rheumatic patients without IA (median age, 58 (18–79) years; 61% women) (a control group).Results and discussion. Patients with RD were found to often develop IA in the presence of anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis) and systemic lupus erythematosus (50 and 16%, respectively). It was shown for the first time that the likelihood of IA in patients with RD increases with prolonged (median 14 days) lymphocytopenia during RD treatment (odds ratio 13.0; 95% confidence interval, 3.3–50.3). The main causative agents of IA were A. fumigatus (50%) and A. niger (29%). IA was more severe in Group 1 than in Group 2: in the resuscitation and intensive care units, there were 44 and 18%, respectively (p=0.01). Group 1 versus Group 2 more frequently had respiratory failure (61 and 37%, respectively; p=0.03), hemoptysis (28 and 7%; p=0.0001), chest pain (17 and 7%; p=0.04), and cardiac involvement (11 and 1%; p=0.0001), and less frequently had fever (67 and 85%; p=0.01). The common site of IA was the lung (83%); the characteristic feature detected by computed tomography (CT) is pulmonary cavitation (44%). Antifungal therapy was used in 89% of Group 1 patients; the overall 12-week survival was 69%.Conclusion. In patients with RD, it is difficult to differentiate between the progression of the underlying disease, adverse drug reactions, infectious complications, or a combination of these disorders due to the similarity of their clinical manifestations. When RD patients with infectious syndrome and respiratory failure develop prolonged lymphocytopenia during combination therapy, AI should be suspected and lung CT, bronchoscopy, and mycological examination of the material obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage be done.
Representações sociais sobre sexualidade entre adolescentes no contexto amazônico
Authors: Carla Santos de Vasconcelos Chaves Alessandra , Hasegawa Farias Samantha , Miranda Farias Gesiany , Augusto Pinho de Vasconcelos Chaves Túlio , Da Silva Rosa Anderson , Vieira da Silva Ohara Conceição 
Published: November 2020

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar uma estrutura das representações sociais sobre sexualidade entre adolescentes no contexto Amazônico. Método: Estudo descritivo, abordagem qualitativa, tendo como base a Teoria do Núcleo Central de Representações Sociais, desenvolvida com 101 jovens de uma escola pública de Belém do Pará nos meses de setembro e outubro de 2018. Os dados foram coletados por meio de evocações livres ao termo indutor “sexualidade” e analisados pelo software openEvoc 0.84. Resultados: O núcleo central foi integrado pelos elementos “gravidez e doenças”. O sistema periférico constituído em maior frequência por: “sexo e transar”, na primeira periferia; “Camisinha e prazer”, na segunda periferia; “Esperma e pênis, na zona de contraste. Discussão: Para os adolescentes, os principais elementos são “sexo”, “transar” e “orgasmo”. Nenhum núcleo representativo de adolescentes como palavras evocadas mais rapidamente foram “gravidez”, “doenças” e “primeira vez”. Conclusão: Cabe aos enfermeiros pensar em estratégias de educação em saúde junto aos jovens.
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING DEFECTS IN THE SURFACE LAYER OF SUBSTRATES OF MOEMS’ FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS
Authors: NEVLIUDOV İgor , OMAROV Murad , CHALA Olena 
Published: November 2020

A mathematical model of the development of manufacturing defects, with the prediction of the random component of the model in the substrates of functional components of MOEMS, which are made of semiconductors, in particular, silicon, are developed in the article.
The main manufacturing defects that arise in the surface layer of the substrates of the MOEMS functional components taking into account the technological processes of their production and dynamic processes were used when developing the model.
The developed mathematical model takes into account the occurrence of a random component of the model with its predictive ability.
The possibility of such control is the basis for the development of the scientific direction of technology and equipment for the production of semiconductors, materials and electronic devices - defect engineering, based on the management and forecasting of defect formation processes.
Analysis of the subject of lifelong education : feature and organic connection
Authors: Zhou Wei 
Published: November 2020

<p>Summary : The subject of lifelong education is the provision of school premises for lifelong education , Teaching Activities , Administrative Services , Policies and Systems , a variety of organizational machines such as theoretical research construct, Show distinct diversity, Open Features; in lifelong education, School ,Government , Community , Enterprise and library , Museums and other principals The has A new change in its meaning, features and so on ; in the people-centered concept , lifelong education principals need to break through the system , Resource Open , Organization Innovation and tool selection to achieve mutual communication and organic connections , To build an open , flexible,, Effective lifelong education system .</p>
THE EFFECT OF BURNOUT SYNDROME ON TURNOVER INTENTION USING ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AS AN INTERMEDIATE VARIABLE
Authors: Santi Maya Weka , Nandini Nurhasmadiar , Alfiansyah Gamasiano 
Published: November 2020

Background: The average of employee turnover rate in Surabaya Surgical Hospital was quite high roughly about 16.21% in 2011 until 2015. Employees’ negative behavior or feelings due to long exposure to an emotional stressor are called burnout syndrome which could trigger turnover in an organization.Aims: This study analyzed the effect of burnout syndrome towards turnover intention using organizational commitment as an intermediate variable.Methods: This study was cross-sectional research by involving 126 respondents as samples according to the proportion of each unit at Surabaya Surgical Hospital. Data were analysed statistically using multiple linier regression.Results: Respondents were mostly female (65.1%) and in the age group of 26-35 years (62.7%). Most of them were early adults, permanent employees (95.2%), and undergraduates (89.7%). While the minority have worked for 3 up to 4 years (40.5%). Burnout syndrome had a significant effect on employees’ organizational commitment. Organizational commitment showed a significant effect on turnover intention, while burnout syndrome did not show a significant effect on turnover intention.Conclusion: Burnout syndrome did not directly affect turnover intention but became a possible cause of turnover intention through organizational commitment as the intermediate variable. The results of this study could be the basis for hospital managers to decrease employee’s turnover intention by minimizing burnout syndrome and increasing organizational commitment with a better reward system. Keywords: burnout syndrome, organizational commitment, turnover intention, hospital.
THE EFFECT OF ORGANIZATION’S STRUCTURE AND TASK CHARACTERISTICS ON TEAM EFFECTIVENESS IN TUBERCULOSIS PREVENTION PROGRAM
Authors: Lestyoningrum Sinta Dewi , Rochmah Thinni Nurul , Suminar Dewi Retno , Safira Ulfia Hazna 
Published: November 2020

Background: A team is a vital element for an organization. An organization should put efforts to improve team performance even though they might face some obstacles. Organization’s structure and task characteristics resulted in different team effectiveness of primary healthcare centres in preventing tuberculosis (TB) cases in Surabaya.Aims: This study aimed to identify the effect of organization’s structure and task characteristics on team effectiveness of primary healthcare centers in TB prevention program in Surabaya.Methods: The reasearch was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional approach. Questionnaires were disseminated to 43 respondents as the samples selected with a proportional stratified random sampling technique based on the success rate. The respondents consisted of doctors, nurses, and health analysts who were directly involved in the Tuberculosis prevention program. This study used a linear multivariable regression test to confirm the most significant model for the independent variable.Results: The span of control and centralization had a significant effect on task characteristics (sig 0.00; sig 0.017). The dimensions of task characteristics that had a significant effect on team effectiveness were task variety, task identity, and task significance.Conclusion: There was a significant effect of span of control and centralization on task characteristics. The primary healthcare centers should provide access to technology to upgrade the span of control and centralization and their understanding of task characteristics. Keywords: health services, organization’s structure, task characteristics, team effectiveness, tuberculosis.
Effect of the content and type of binder on the strength of glass fiber paper
Authors: Дубовый В.К. , Криницин Н.А. 
Published: November 2020

Проведено исследование композиционного материала на основе минерального волокна с использованием в качестве связующего полиядерных комплексов металлов. Новизной и особенностью данного исследования является использование в качестве связующего для композиционного материала на основе стеклянных волокон полиядерных комплексов титана. Добавление связующего на основе полиядерных комплексов в композицию целесообразно в интервале 5–30% от массы волокна. Исследованный композиционный материал с добавлением в качестве связующего полиядерных комплексов титана имеет прочностные характеристики при рН отлива 10 и 12 выше, чем у материалов с добавлением полиядерных комплексов алюминия и обладает достаточной технологической прочностью. Полиядерные комплексы титана можно использовать как перспективные связующие для композиционных фильтровальных материалов на основе стеклянных волокон.
The study of composite material based on mineral fiber using polynuclear metal complexes as a binder was carried out. The novelty and feature of this study is the use of polynuclear complexes of titanium as a binder for a composite material based on glass fibers. Adding a binder based on polynuclear complexes to the composition is advisable in the range of 5-30% by weight of the fiber. The studied composite material with the addition of polynuclear complexes of titanium as a binder has strength characteristic at pH levels 10 and 12, higher, than that of materials with the addition of polynuclear complexes of aluminum and has sufficient technological strength. Polynuclear complexes of titanium can be used as promising binders for composite filter materials based on glass fibers.
Regulatory interventions to sustain circular economy in the water sector. insights from the Italian Regulatory Authority (ARERA)
Authors: Guerrini A. , Manca J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the circular economy system, the water sector is increasingly becoming a field of concrete experimentation and application on an industrial scale of techniques intended to save and produce energy and to produce materials from water treatment cycles. The water cycle itself represents a ‘circular economy system’ connected to the use of water resources and to the processes of recovery of ‘secondary’ resources, such as energy and raw materials. This paper aims to identify the measures that can be taken by the institutions responsible for regulating the sector to encourage operators to invest in the circular economy and to develop corporate policies based on environmental sustainability and efficiency. It describes: the main actions for the recovery of energy and matter in the management of the water cycle; the current configuration of the regulatory measures adopted in Italy by the Italian Regulatory Authority of Energy, Networks and the Environment (ARERA); and some future developments in regulation policies. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of ARERA.
Identification of Crucial Genes and Diagnostic Value Analysis in Major Depressive Disorder Using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Gao Yao , Zhao Huiliang , Xu Teng , Tian Junsheng , Qin Xuemei 
Published: November 2020

Aim and Objective:
Despite the prevalence and burden of major depressive disorder
(MDD), our current understanding of the pathophysiology is still incomplete. Therefore, this paper
aims to explore genes and evaluate their diagnostic ability in the pathogenesis of MDD.

Methods:
Firstly, the expression profiles of mRNA and microRNA were downloaded from the
gene expression database and analyzed by the GEO2R online tool to identify differentially
expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed microRNAs (DEMs). Then, the DAVID tool
was used for functional enrichment analysis. Secondly, the comprehensive protein-protein
interaction (PPI) network was analyzed using Cytoscape, and the network MCODE was applied to
explore hub genes. Thirdly, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the core gene was
drawn to evaluate clinical diagnostic ability. Finally, mirecords was used to predict the target genes
of DEMs.

Results:
A total of 154 genes were identified as DEGs, and 14 microRNAs were identified as
DEMs. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in hematopoietic
cell lineage, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine
signaling pathway, and JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Three important modules are identified and
selected by the MCODE clustering algorithm. The top 12 hub genes, including CXCL16, CXCL1,
GNB5, GNB4, OPRL1, SSTR2, IL7R, MYB, CSF1R, GSTM1, GSTM2, and GSTP1, were
identified as important genes for subsequent analysis. Among these important hub genes, GSTM2,
GNB4, GSTP1 and CXCL1 have the good diagnostic ability. Finally, by combining these four
genes, the diagnostic ability of MDD can be improved to 0.905, which is of great significance for
the clinical diagnosis of MDD.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that GSTM2, GNB4, GSTP1 and CXCL1 have potential
diagnostic markers and are of great significance in clinical research and diagnostic application of
MDD. This result needs a large sample study to further confirm the pathogenesis of MDD.