bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B031: Mediating factors for perceived impact of prostate cancer survivors
Authors: Davis Kimberly E. , Richards Antoine , Gooden Reginald 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: An estimated 29,530 new cases of prostate cancer (PCa) are expected in 2018. It is estimated that 1 in 5 African-American men will be diagnosed with PCa in their lifetime. The overall 5-year relative survival rate for PCa among African Americans is 96%, compared to nearly 100% among whites. PCa patients are living longer and are confronted with increasingly complex therapeutic decisions. Frequently, patients are not fully prepared to appraise their PCa diagnosis and treatment consequences for perceived impact.
Design Methods: The Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development (CCRTD) at Clark Atlanta University (CAU) registered over 468 survivors to the Prostate Cancer Registry (www.pcregistry.cau.edu), an online registry designed to capture the epidemiologic profile, clinical disease information, and data regarding the experiences of PCa survivors throughout the PCa continuum.
Results/Expected Results: General: Participants (n=468) median age was 66 years; 100% male; 63% Caucasian, and 30% African American. 78% reported they were married and 36% attended college. Total annual income: 19% &lt;$25K; 19% &lt;$50K; 18% &lt;$75K and 35% &lt;$100K. 93% were insured when diagnosed. Mediating factors: Based on the Cognitive Health Appraisal Scale, most survivors reported that prostate cancer is not a challenge, they can beat cancer, and expected positive outcomes. Most men disagreed that PCa has damaged their life, identifying a relatively positive mindset to overcoming PCa. Neutral areas, where men tended to not favor or disfavor, were related to stress, functional limitation, and assessing physical harm associated with PCa.
Discussion/Conclusion: Stress and the loss of functionality are areas of cognitive health concern for PCa survivors. Throughout the assessment, there were no “strongly agree” or “strongly disagree” consensuses, which could denote that men do not feel absolution about their cognitive choices. This could be contributed to a multitude of factors that affect cognitive processes throughout the PCa continuum.
Citation Format: Kimberly E. Davis, Antoine Richards, Reginald Gooden. Mediating factors for perceived impact of prostate cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B031.
Abstract B050: Identification of differentially expressed and spliced genes between breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancer from African American and white patients
Authors: Abo Muthana Al , George Daniel J. , Freedman Jennifer A. , Patierno Steven R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Racial/ethnic disparity in cancer refers to the disproportionate incidence of and/or mortality from various cancers among population groups. In addition to differences in social, lifestyle and structural determinants of health, there is accumulating evidence for a biologic contribution to racial/ethnic disparity in cancer. To understand further the biologic mechanisms underlying racial/ethnic disparity in cancer, the analysis of differential aggregate gene expression and mutation among cancer patients of different population groups is important. Our recently published work reported differential RNA splicing as a critical mechanism underlying prostate cancer aggressiveness and drug response in African American (AA) patients. Here, we use R to analyze the Genomic Data Commons for differential aggregate gene expression (2-fold mean change, p &lt; 0.001, Wilcoxon rank sum test) and TCGASpliceSeq to analyze TCGA for differential RNA splicing (20% median change, percent spliced in) between breast (BRCA, 183 AA and 761 white), colon (COAD, 56 AA and 194 white), squamous and adenocarcinoma lung (LUSC and LUAD, 34 and 57 AA and 392 and 444 white, respectively), and prostate (PRAD, 49 AA and 307 white) cancer specimens from AA and white patients. Our analysis identified 698 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 114 alternative RNA splicing events (ARSs) in BRCA, 107 DEGs and 57 ARSs in COAD, 25 and 117 DEGs and 115 and 53 ARSs in LUSC and LUAD, respectively, and 25 DEGs and 71 ARSs in PRAD from AA and white patients. Notably, comparing the lists of DEGs or ARSs from each cancer type with each of the other cancer types yields a minority of overlapping DEGs or ARSs among cancer types, indicating that race-related DEGs and ARSs are largely specific to cancer type. Pathway analysis of DEGs and ARSs reveals that the majority of these genes function in pathways relevant to cancer development and progression, such as programmed cell death, DNA repair, signal transduction, gene expression and metabolism. These analyses increase understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying racial/ethnic disparity in cancer. Upon further study of the function of these variants, such DEGs and ARSs have the potential to become candidates for development of new precision medicine interventions.
Citation Format: Muthana Al Abo, Daniel J. George, Jennifer A. Freedman, Steven R. Patierno. Identification of differentially expressed and spliced genes between breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancer from African American and white patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B050.
Abstract B066: SCUBE3 inhibition improves doxorubicin response in breast cancer
Authors: Onyeagucha Benjamin C. , Dhillon Kashish , Rajamanickam Subapriya , Panneerdoss Subbarayalu , Eedunuuri Vijay K. , Mohammad Tabrez A. , Timilsina Santosh , Chen Yidong , Rao Manjeet K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of novel targeted therapies is urgently required for improving the outcome of breast cancer patients. Chemotherapy is the common treatment option for malignant breast cancer. However, resistance and toxicity remain the major obstacles hindering the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer patients. Therefore, identifying genes/factors that sensitize breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents could improve treatment outcome in patients. Using an unbiased high-throughput screen, we identified Signal peptide CUB domain EGF-like 3 (SCUBE3) genes as a novel therapeutic adjuvant that can improve the efficacy of doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used in treating breast cancer patients. Our findings demonstrated that SCUBE3 promotes breast cancer cells' progression as knockdown of SCUBE3 inhibited the ability of breast cancer cells to form colony, migrate, and invade, while overexpression of SCUBE3 promoted tumor growth in preclinical mouse models. Our results revealed that SCUBE3 mediates its protumor effects by regulating genes involved in growth and survival in the MAPK pathway, DNA damage surveillance pathway including RAD51 and FOXM1, and apoptotic pathway including Mcl-1. Using interaction studies, we demonstrated that EGFR is a true receptor of SCUBE3 as EGFR and SCUBE3 interact and this interaction mediated progrowth signaling of SCUBE3. These findings underline the importance of SCUBE3 as a potent therapeutic target for treating breast cancer patients.
Citation Format: Benjamin C. Onyeagucha, Kashish Dhillon, Subapriya Rajamanickam, Subbarayalu Panneerdoss, Vijay K. Eedunuuri, Tabrez A. Mohammad, Santosh Timilsina, Yidong Chen, Manjeet K. Rao. SCUBE3 inhibition improves doxorubicin response in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B066.
Abstract B104: [Advocate Abstract] Evaluating the impact of strategic partnerships
Authors: Brent Beaulah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Despite progress in reducing racial disparities in breast cancer mortality, black women in Chicago are still more than twice as likely to die from the disease than white women. For sixteen years, Sisters Working It Out (SWIO), a 501c3 nonprofit, has utilized peer education and patient navigation as evidence-based methods to increase breast cancer knowledge and access to and utilization of quality breast health care for underserved women across the city. Strategic partnerships have been an invaluable resource for the organization. The aim of this study is to evaluate the programmatic impact of an academic-nonprofit partnership in improving breast health knowledge for women on Chicago's Southside.
Citation Format: Beaulah Brent. [Advocate Abstract] Evaluating the impact of strategic partnerships [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B104.
Abstract B117: Analysis of luminal breast cancer tumor microenvironment using seqFISH
Authors: Polonsky Michal , Round Krista , Seewaldt Victoria , Cai Long 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Women with luminal breast cancers generally have a good prognosis (92% five-year survival). However, Latina/Hispanic women with luminal breast cancer are 30% more likely to present with advanced luminal breast cancer and twice as likely to die. Disparities persist even when accounting for socioeconomic factors. Whether this is due to a more aggressive biologic subtype remains unclear. Here, we aim to identify the signaling networks and intercellular interactions that drive poor prognosis in luminal breast cancer patients and use this data to tailor therapeutic interventions to improve survival. The tumor microenvironment, which is highly heterogeneous, plays an essential role in cancer progression. An additional layer of information lies in the spatial organization of the tissue, with cells coming in close proximity in order to exchange signals over short distances. Thus, to understand the network of interactions and signaling between cells, there is a need for single-cell measurements of multiple cellular features in the intact tissue. Sequential Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (seqFISH), developed in the lab of Dr. Long Cai, enables precise quantification of several hundreds to several thousands of mRNA transcripts in single cells, preserving the structure of the tissue. In this methodology, fluorescently labeled probes are hybridized onto the fixed tissue, giving rise to a fluorescent signal whenever the corresponding mRNA is present. The tissue is sequentially imaged, washed and re-hybridized, resulting in a unique barcode for each mRNA. seqFISH has been demonstrated both on cell cultures and on whole organs and has been shown to be highly accurate and repetitive. We will use this methodology and combine it with multiplex antibody staining to line mRNA expression with protein localization and modifications. Combining these experimental methodologies with advanced image analysis tools developed by the Long lab will allow an in-depth investigating of the cellular stated and signaling pathways within malignant tissues. Correlating findings between patients, as well as between samples from the same patient taken over time, could potentially provide a deep understanding of the factors leading to poor prognosis, which can in turn improve diagnostics of luminal breast cancer.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference.
Citation Format: Michal Polonsky, Krista Round, Victoria Seewaldt, Long Cai. Analysis of luminal breast cancer tumor microenvironment using seqFISH [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B117.
Abstract B122: Racial and ethnic disparities and reverse disparities in HPV vaccination: A meta-analysis
Authors: Spencer Jennifer C. , Calo William , Brewer Noel T. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Importance: Studies disagree about whether human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake differs meaningfully among racial and ethnic groups, an important issue given large disparities in some HPV-associated cancers.
Objective: To comprehensively characterize racial and ethnic differences in HPV vaccine initiation and follow-through.
Data Sources: We systematically searched PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science to identify US studies from 2006 through mid-2017 reporting the association of race and ethnicity with HPV vaccination. We identified 118 studies (n=3,095,486) that met inclusion criteria.
Study Selection: Included studies were published in English and reported HPV vaccine initiation or follow-through in the US with at least one comparison by race or ethnicity.
Data Extraction and Synthesis: We synthesized effect sizes using random effects meta-analysis for Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians as well as for all minority groups combined. We stratified results by source of vaccination data (self-reported or provider-verified). We used meta-regression to identify study characteristics associated with the size and direction of racial/ethnic differences in vaccination.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The effect size was the risk difference, the percentage point difference between White and one or more racial or ethnic minority groups in HPV vaccine initiation and in follow-through.
Results: HPV vaccine initiation showed no racial or ethnic differences overall. However, among studies of provider-verified vaccination, minorities were 6.1% [3.3%-8.8%] more likely than Whites to initiate HPV vaccination. This reverse disparity was larger for Hispanics, males, and younger samples (age &lt;18). In contrast, minorities were 8.6% (5.6%, 11.7%) less likely than Whites to follow-through with the full HPV vaccine series, a disparity present across all participant and study characteristics.
Conclusions and Relevance: Racial and ethnic minorities are more likely to initiate but less likely to follow through with HPV vaccination, a clear finding that self-report studies have obscured. Efforts to promote HPV vaccination should be broad, as uptake remains low across all racial and ethnic groups. Nevertheless, higher initiation among minorities offers potential for future reductions in HPV cancer disparities and may provide insights for reducing disparities in uptake of other preventive services.
Citation Format: Jennifer C. Spencer, William Calo, Noel T. Brewer. Racial and ethnic disparities and reverse disparities in HPV vaccination: A meta-analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B122.
Abstract C003: A machine learning-based approach to identify biomarkers of environmental toxicant exposures relevant to liver cancer disparities in rural Illinois
Authors: Smith Brandi Patrice , Madak-Erdogan Zeynep 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although there have been nationwide reductions in cancer death recently, liver cancer mortality remains a problem in rural Illinois. Research scientists anticipate that exposure to environmental toxicants in rural Illinois may be possible causes of increased liver cancer mortality in females. The purpose of our study is to identify potential biomarkers that are related to early liver toxicity through machine learning. We accessed gene expression data from the open source Toxicogenomics Project-Genomics Assisted Toxicity Evaluation System (TG-GATES) database from rats that had been exposed to over 170 toxicants relevant to liver cancer. We performed a differential gene expression analysis to identify significant features or genes that are related to hepatotoxicity endpoints (e.g., necrosis, centrilobular hypertrophy, and hepatocellular hypertrophy). Then we performed a feature selection method to decrease the dimensionality of the gene set. We then used classification modeling to identify specific genes related to our hepatotoxicity endpoints. Lastly, we built a predictive model by random splitting of the complete gene set by one of the endpoints and used the complete differentially expressed gene set to predict this particular endpoint. Our model predicted specific genes that were highly related to liver toxicant exposure. In the next phase of our studies, we will use these biomarkers to associate geospatial toxicant exposures with health effects in wild mice caught from areas with high liver cancer incidence in the state of Illinois. Our approach identifies biomarkers of potential environmental exposures from wildlife liver gene expression data and associates presence of such compounds in environment soil and water sources in counties with high liver cancer incidence.
Citation Format: Brandi Patrice Smith, Zeynep Madak-Erdogan. A machine learning-based approach to identify biomarkers of environmental toxicant exposures relevant to liver cancer disparities in rural Illinois [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C003.
Abstract C015: Social network analysis with respondent driven sampling data: A study of ethnic and geographic integration on Guam and Hawaii
Authors: Badowski Grazyna , Dulana Louis , Somera Lilnabeth P. , Cassel Kevin , Lee Hye-ryeon , Roman Janessa , Morales Jayson 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
US Pacific Islanders are one of the fastest-growing population groups in the US, and serious disparities in health outcomes exist in this group, with cancer being the leading cause of death. Limited knowledge about the cancer communication practices and risk behaviors of US Pacific Islanders, as well as their social network structure and integration, makes effective cancer prevention interventions difficult, and contributes to disparities. In 2017, we conducted a survey on health communication on Guam and Hawaii using the respondent-driven sampling method (RDS) to recruit participants (N=733 for Hawaii, and N=533 for Guam). RDS is a network-based sampling technique where initial seed respondents recruit others from their social networks. The recruiting process repeats iteratively, thereby forming long referral chains. RDS provides a viable data for making inferences about the underlying network structure. During the sampling process two pieces of information are gathered. First, each recruiter-recruit dyad is documented. Second, respondents are asked how many other members of the target population they know and interact with. In this study, we used this information to create recruitment chains and test the quantity and quality of cross-gender, cross-ethnicity, cross-generation ties. We also analyzed the geographic distribution and spatial clustering of the samples. Self-reported network size (degree) was used to estimate of a homophily, a measure of the strength of association to one's own group beyond random mixing. In general, strong homophily was found for different ethnic groups (with values ranging from 0.7 to 0.8), whereas gender and age had weak homophily. Even though the participants tended to recruit spatially proximal peers, both samples in Guam and Hawaii eventually covered the whole catchment area.
Citation Format: Grazyna Badowski, Louis Dulana, Lilnabeth P. Somera, Kevin Cassel, Hye-ryeon Lee, Janessa Roman, Jayson Morales. Social network analysis with respondent driven sampling data: A study of ethnic and geographic integration on Guam and Hawaii [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C015.
Abstract C064: Hormone-related risk factors and breast cancer subtype in African American women
Authors: Davis Jennifer , Jimenez Cecilia , Clinton Chrystina , Fadden Mary Kay , Lipworth Loren , Sanderson Maureen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association between hormone-related risk factors and breast cancer subtype in African American women. We hypothesized that African American women with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) would have a lower prevalence of hormone-related risk factors than women with other breast cancer subtypes (1) hormone receptor [HR +/-] and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2-] or (2) HR +/- and HER2+.
Methods: African American women ages 25-75 years diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer in 2009-2013 in Tennessee, South Carolina, and Georgia were eligible for the study. A total of 629 women (premenopausal n=175; postmenopausal n=454) provided information on hormone-related risk factors in a telephone interview and consented to review of tumor tissue; breast cancer subtype was obtained from pathology reports.
Results: Although not significantly different, pre- and postmenopausal women with TNBC were more likely to have early age at menarche than women with other subtypes. Obesity was higher among pre- and postmenopausal women with HR+/- HER2+ disease and intermediate among women with TNBC relative to women with HR+/- HER2- disease. Oral contraceptive use was less likely among women with TNBC, significantly so for postmenopausal women (odds ratio=0.70, 95% confidence interval=0.53-0.91) than women with other subtypes.
Conclusions: Histologic subtyping is currently being performed on collected tissue to confirm the reported breast cancer subtypes in the pathology reports. The large number of African American women participating in our study can further our understanding of hormone-related risk factors and their relationship with breast cancer subtypes in this population.
Citation Format: Jennifer Davis, Cecilia Jimenez, Chrystina Clinton, Mary Kay Fadden, Loren Lipworth, Maureen Sanderson. Hormone-related risk factors and breast cancer subtype in African American women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C064.