bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ingestion et digestion comparées des fourrages chez différentes espèces d’herbivores
Authors: DULPHY J.P. , MARTIN-ROSSET W. , JOUANY J.P. 
Published: July 2020

Dans cet article de synthèse les quantités de matière sèche ingérées de fourrages distribués à l’auge, ainsi que leur digestibilité, sont comparées chez différentes espèces d’herbivores domestiques (ovins, caprins, bovins, cerfs, lamas, chevaux).
Par rapport au poids vif des animaux c’est avec les fourrages pauvres que les écarts de quantités ingérées sont les plus importants, à l’avantage surtout des cervidés et des caprins. Pour les foins tardifs de graminées des écarts notables se maintiennent. Pour les foins de bonne qualité, toutes les espèces comparées, sauf les lamas, donnent des résultats identiques. Les résultats sont aussi exprimés par rapport au poids métabolique (PV0,75). Des éléments d’information et d’explication sont donnés à travers la durée journalière d’ingestion, le contrôle physiologique de l’ingestion, la durée de rumination, le mécanisme de comminution des aliments et la salivation.
Pour ce qui concerne les digestibilités il existe des différences notables entre espèces. Ces différences, faibles pour les fourrages de bonne qualité, s’accroissent au fur et à mesure que la qualité des fourrages comparés diminue. Le classement des espèces est alors net, dans l’ordre décroissant : lamas, bovins, caprins, ovins, cerfs, chevaux. Les différences observées sont expliquées à partir de l’importance relative des différents sites de digestion, de l’intensité variable de la digestion microbienne, des temps de séjour des digesta dans le tube digestif, et de l’efficacité des recyclages d’azote et de minéraux.
L’ingestion de matière organique digestible exprimée par rapport au poids métabolique des animaux donne une bonne idée des possibilités de couverture de leurs besoins par les différentes espèces. De ce point de vue les animaux à grand format sont largement avantagés, bovins et chevaux étant comparables. Parmi les animaux à petit format les ovins sont théoriquement désavantagés par rapport aux caprins, aux cerfs et aux lamas.
Lorsqu’ils sont en liberté, les petits ruminants sont donc obligés d’ingérer des aliments plus digestibles que les gros ruminants.
Appropriate timing for performing abdominal ultrasonography and termination of observation follow-up for antenatal grades 1or 2 hydronephrosis
Authors: Nakane Akihiro , Mizuno Kentaro , Kato Taiki , Nishio Hidenori , Kamisawa Hideyuki , Kurokawa Satoshi , Maruyama Tetsuji , Yasui Takahiro , Hayashi Yutaro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Most cases of antenatal Society of Fetal Urology (SFU) grades 1 or 2 hydronephrosis (HN) improve or resolve spontaneously with conservative treatment. However, there is no consensus on the duration of follow-up for grades 1 or 2 HN. The aim of this study was to determine the need for a continuous follow-up period and to propose a new follow-up protocol for children with antenatal grades 1 or 2 HN.Methods: Subjects underwent ultrasonography examination according to the SFU classification. We retrospectively evaluated data from 112 patients with postnatal grade 1 HN and 69 with grade 2 HN diagnosed between January 2010 and December 2017. We examined the change in HN grades using serial ultrasonography. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to show the effect of HN grade on the rate of HN changes.Results: The mean follow-up duration was 44.9 ± 36.4 months (range, 12–274 months). Initial SFU grade 1 HN disappeared in 47.0% of cases at 12 months, 66.4% at 24 months and 73.2% at 48 months. Initial SFU grade 2 HN improved in 74.7% of cases at 12 months, 88.3% at 24 months and 89.5% at 48 months. However, 14.6% of SFU grade 1 and 2.8% of SFU grade 2 cases increased in grade, and 99.3% of these cases worsened within the first 6 months. No cases with increased grade required pyeloplasty. Initial disappearance and later reappearance of HN occurred in 40.5% of SFU grade 1 and 2 cases. The mean duration of later reappearance was 39.1 ± 36.2 months (range, 12–137 months). No reappearance was detected after more than 1 year.Conclusions: Ultrasonography within the first 6 months was necessary for management of children with antenatal grades 1 or 2 HN because some patients showed worsening. Thereafter, it was considered safe to increase the follow-up intervals for stable cases. Most cases resolved spontaneously; however, a few cases reappeared within 1 year. Therefore, ultrasonography after 1 year was necessary for children with HN that had spontaneously disappeared. The appropriate time to terminate follow-up was considered to be 1 year or more after HN disappearance was confirmed.
A systematic review of interventions to improve acute hospital care for people with dementia
Authors: Karrer Melanie , Schnelli Angela , Zeller Adelheid , Mayer Hanna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: People with dementia are confronted with negative consequences due to hospital stays. When developing new interventions to improve care for people with dementia in acute care hospitals (by intervention we understand organisational strategies, programmes, and/or treatments and actions performed by healthcare professionals), it is crucial to have a comprehensive overview of previous interventions tested in this field and to know the outcomes.Methods: We conducted a systematic review to provide an overview of interventions targeting the care situation of patients with dementia in acute care hospitals. We included trials with interventional study designs and systematic reviews without restrictions regarding the outcomes. We searched five electronic databases, conducted a hand search of journals and performed forward and backward citation tracking of included studies. For risk of bias assessment, we used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials, ROBANS (for non-randomised controlled trials) and AMSTAR (for systematic reviews). We provide tabular and narrative summaries of the findings. Results: Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicated a broad range of interventions and outcomes. We categorised the interventions into eight intervention types: educational programmes, special non-pharmacological interventions, delirium management programmes, inpatient rehabilitation interventions, family-/person-centred programmes, use of specially trained nurses, volunteer programmes and special care units. Staff outcomes were investigated in most of the studies, followed by patient outcomes. Outcomes concerning relatives were reported in four studies. Educational programmes were the most commonly reported intervention type and resulted in improved staff outcomes. Family-/person-centred care programmes, use of specially trained nurses and delirium management programmes were effective in improving patient-related outcomes, e.g. delirium severity and functional performance. Rehabilitation interventions after hip fractures and special care units for people with dementia hardly showed any significant effects. Conclusions: Although the included interventional studies reported improved outcomes concerning patients, relatives and staff, the evidence is insufficient to declare which interventions are effective in improving care for people with dementia in acute care hospitals. Future research should focus on relevant patient and family caregiver outcomes. Thereby, it is necessary to consider the complexity of the interventions. Interventions addressing relatives, interprofessional collaboration and the entire practice culture are needed. Trial registration: PROSPERO: CRD42018111032.
Investigating knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 outbreak among Bangladeshi young adults: A web-based cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Banik Rajon , Rahman Mahmudur , Sikder Md. Tajuddin , Rahman Quazi Maksudur , Pranta Mamun Ur Rashid 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 among young adults in Bangladesh. Subject and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 5th May to 25th May 2020. Young adults aged between 18-35 years were approached via social media to complete an online questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic characteristics and KAP towards COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple logistic regression were conducted.Results: Of the 707 survey participants, the majority were male (57.1%), with a mean age of 25.03 (SD: 4.26) years, 60.3% were students, 57% had a bachelor's degree, and 64.4% were urban residents. Participants gather information on COVID-19 mostly through Social media (70.4%). Overall, 61.2% had adequate knowledge with 78.9% having a positive attitude towards COVID-19 and only 51.6% had good practices. Most (86.8%) of the participants were confident that COVID-19 will be successfully controlled and Bangladesh was handling the COVID-19 health crisis well (84.20%). Only 75.2% of participants always washed hands with soap or hand-sanitizer and 70.6% wore a mask when going outside the home in recent days. Factors associated with adequate knowledge were being female, having a master's degree and above, and living in an urban area (𝑝 < 0.05). Participants having adequate knowledge of COVID-19 had higher likelihood of positive attitudes (OR: 6.41, 95% CI = 2.34-25.56, 𝑝 = 0.000) and good practices (OR: 8.93, 95% CI = 3.92-38.42, 𝑝 = 0.000).Conclusion: Introducing effective COVID-19 Health campaigns incorporating factors to influence KAP is urgently needed.
Targeting dendritic cells with a PD-L1 based bispecific antibody rejuvenates specific anti-tumor T cells
Authors: Liu Longchao , Chen Jiahui , Bae Joonbeom , Liu Zhida , Hsu Eric , Han Chuanhui , Lu Changzheng , Qiao Jian , fu yang-xin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) that preferentially target tumor-associated antigens (TAA) to reengage CD3 signaling have been approved to treat acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. However, their applications in solid tumors have been hampered due to short half-life, weak anti-tumor activity, and severe toxicity at therapeutic doses. To explore new targets, we designed a bispecific antibody (BsAb) which simultaneously targets CD3 and immune checkpoint PD-L1. Compared with conventional TAA based targeting, PDL1xCD3 generates far superior anti-tumor immune responses in vivo. Mechanistically, blockade of PD-L1 on dendritic cells instead of tumor cells can potently rejuvenate preexisting tumor reactive CD8 T cells in a B7-1/2 dependent manner for a durable anti-tumor responses. This study argues that targeting DC-T cell instead of current tumor-T cell can achieve much better T cell rejuvenation in BsAb therapy.
The Karyotype Analysis of Sex Chromosome Mosaicism in Prenatal Diagnosis and Their Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Hu Shuang , Lu Ning , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective To analyze the karyotype of sex chromosome mosaicism in our prenatal diagnosis of 14034 pregnant women in their second trimester, and report the rate of sex chromosome mosaicism and their clinical outcomes.Methods A retrospective analysis of cytogenetic studies of 14043 cases of pregnant women from the Genetic Counseling Clinic from May 2017 to January 2020 by amniocentesis, were performed. Results A total of 46 cases of sex chromosome mosaicism were found, and the sex chromosome mosaicism rate was 0.328%, mainly including four types of mosaicism: mos45,X/46,XX(12); mos45,X/46,XY (11); mos47XXX(or XXY or XYY)/46XX(or XY)(11); and other types of complex abnormal karyotype mosaic(12). Among the 46 fetuses with sex chromosome mosaicism, the indications of prenatal diagnosis includes the numerical abnormality of sex chromosome by NIPT(23/46)，the high risk of trisomy 21 by serum screening(12/46)，abnomal ultrosound(4/46), the advanced maternal age(age ≥35)(4/46), and the histories of abnormal pregnancy(3/46). According to the results of cytogenetic analysis and genetic counseling, the pregnant women would decide to continue or terminate their pregnancy. Conclusion Prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis by amniocentesis is an accurate and convenient method and helps to avoid the delivery of fetuses with chromosomal diseases and reduce the risk of fetal malformation.
Geometrical congruence and efficient greedy navigability of complex networks
Authors: Cannistraci Carlo , Muscoloni Alessandro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Hyperbolic networks are supposed to be congruent with their underlying latent geometry and following geodesics in the hyperbolic space is believed equivalent to navigate through topological shortest paths (TSP). This assumption of geometrical congruence is considered the reason for nearly maximally efficient greedy navigation of hyperbolic networks.
Here, we propose a complex network measure termed geometrical congruence (GC) and we show that there might exist different TSP, whose projections (pTSP) in the hyperbolic space largely diverge, and significantly differ from the respective geodesics. We discover that, contrary to current belief, hyperbolic networks do not demonstrate in general geometrical congruence and efficient navigability which, in networks generated with nPSO model, seem to emerge only for power-law exponent close to 2. We conclude by showing that GC measure can impact also real networks analysis, indeed it significantly changes in structural brain connectomes grouped by gender or age.
Four dimensions characterizing comprehensive trait judgments of faces
Authors: Lin Chujun , Keles Umit , Adolphs Ralph 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
People readily attribute many traits to faces: some look beautiful, some competent, some aggressive. Modern psychological theories argue that the hundreds of different words people use to describe others from their faces are well captured by only two or three dimensions, such as valence and dominance, a highly influential framework that has been the basis for numerous studies across social and developmental psychology, social neuroscience, and engineering applications. However, all prior work has used only a small number of words (12 to 18) to derive underlying dimensions, limiting conclusions to date. Here we employed deep neural networks to select a comprehensive set of 100 words that are representative of the trait words people use to describe faces, and to select a set of 100 faces. In two large-scale, preregistered studies we asked participants to rate the 100 faces on the 100 words (obtaining 2,850,000 ratings from 1,710 participants), and discovered a novel set of four psychological dimensions that best explain trait judgments of faces: warmth, competence, femininity, and youth. We reproduced these four dimensions across different regions around the world, in both aggregated and individual-level data. These results provide a new and most comprehensive characterization of face judgments.
Rapid and Visual Detection of the Emerging Novel Duck Reovirus by Using a Specific and Sensitive Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Method
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Zhang Yan , Huang Yu , Chen Guo , Shi Mengya , Huang Teng , Wei Tianchao , Mo Merlan , He Xiumiao , Wei Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Duck spleen necrosis disease (DSND) caused by Novel Duck Reovirus (NDRV), is an emerging infectious disease that causes severely threaten to duck industry. Currently, the popular conventional PCR technique for detecting NDRV is time consuming. So, it is essential to develop a rapid and accurate molecular diagnosis techniques of viral pathogens for the purpose to prevent further disease transmission or outbreaks. Recombinase polymerase Amplification (RPA) is a new generation of simple, rapid and cost-effective molecular diagnosis technology, which has been applied to the molecular detection of various pathogens.
Methods
In our study, a simple, rapid and reliable detection method was developed target NDRV by an isothermal reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA). The RT-RPA primers were designed based on the S3 gene of NDRV, and a series of other waterfowl-origin pathogens were detected by RT-RPA. A total of 20 field and experimental infected samples were tested by RT-RPA and compared with the results of conventional RT-PCR and quantitative RT-PCR simultaneously.
Results
The RT-RPA method proved to be repeatable and could detect as little as 3.48 × 10− 6 ng/µl of the standard plasmid DNA inserted with the viral S3 gene. This was a 10 × higher sensitivity rate than that of conventional RT-PCR. The major advantage of this RT-RPA method is that it could be performed as an isothermal reaction at 37 ℃ and completed within 20 min. In addition, no cross-reactivity was detected with other waterfowl-origin viruses. Also, the amplified products could be visualized faster, without the gel electrophoresis, by adding the SYBR Green I and observing them under an ultraviolet light.
Conclusions
This newly developed RT-RPA method offers a simple, rapid and accurate for rapid detection of NDRV, which especially useful in on-site facilities and resource-limited areas.
Higher locoregional recurrence in hormone receptor-negative breast cancer patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment undergoing breast conservation surgery
Authors: Chou Hsu-Huan , Chung Wei-Shan , Ding Rong-Yao , Kuo Wen-Ling , Yu Chi-Chang , Tsai Hsiu-Pei , Shen Shih-Che , Chu Chia-Hui , Lo Yung-Feng , Chen Shin-Cheh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been the standard treatment for locally advanced breast cancer for the purpose of downstaging or for conversion from mastectomy to breast conservation surgery (BCS). Locoregional recurrence (LRR) rate is still high after NAC. The aim of this study was to determine predictive factors for locoregional recurrence (LRR) in breast cancer patients in association with the operation types after NAC.
Methods
Between 2005 and 2017, 1047 breast cancer patients underwent BCS or mastectomy after NAC in Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou. We obtained data regarding patient and tumor characteristics, chemotherapy regimens, clinical tumor response, tumor subtypes and pathological complete response (pCR), type of surgery, and recurrence.
Results
The median follow-up time was 45.1 months (range 0.1-160.3 months). The mean initial tumor size was 4.89 cm (SD ± 2.95 cm). Of the 1047 NAC patients, 232 (22.2%) achieved pCR. The BCS and mastectomy rates were 41% and 59%, respectively. Overall, 240 patients experienced tumor recurrence (22.9%). Thirty-five cases of LRR (14.3%) were noted following BCS, of which 4.3% achieved pCR. Multivariate analysis indicated that independent factors for the prediction of LRR included hormone receptor negative/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HR-/HER2+) subtype, HR-/HER2- subtype, and failure to achieve pCR. Further investigation according to the molecular subtype showed that following BCS, HR-/HER2 + non-pCR group had significantly increased LRR compared with the HR+/HER2 + pCR group (22.2% vs 6.3%, p < 0.05), and the HR-/HER2-non-pCR group had significantly increased LRR compared with the HR-/HER2-pCR group (0% vs 20.4%, p < 0.005).
Conclusion
Pathological response after NAC is related to the risk of developing LRR. The LRR rate was higher in non-pCR patients after NAC, especially in hormone receptor-negative patients undergoing BCS. Therefore, both the pathological response status and molecular subtype should be carefully considered when considering candidates for BCS after NAC.
Comprehensive transcriptional analysis reveals salt stress-regulated key pathways, hub genes and time-specific response categories in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) roots
Authors: Shao An , Wang Wei , Fan Shugao , Xu Xiao , Yin Yanling , Amombo Erick , Li Xiaoning , Wang Guangyang , Wang Hongli , Fu Jinmin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the salt-tolerance quality of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), the key pathways and genes involving in salt response and their temporal response pattern have not been deeply identified. Therefore, a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of the bermudagrass roots was conducted in this study to understand the underlying regulatory mechanism following the different period of salt exposure.Results: The transcripts that commonly and specifically regulated following 1 h, 6 h, or 24 h of hydroponic exposure to 200 mM NaCl in the roots of bermudagrass were investigated and analysed. The salt-responsive transcripts were mainly divided into 16 distinct temporal expression profiles by analysing the time series dataset. Enrichment analysis identified groups of stress response themes which are consistent or distinctive with generally observed stress response themes, such as hormonal metabolic (e.g. ABA, Auxin, JA, CTK, ethylene), secondary metabolism (e.g. carotenoid, phenylalanine, flavonoid, phenols, glucosinolates), misc (e.g. UDP glucosyl and glucoronyl transferases, oxidases-copper, peroxidases, plastocyanin-like), lipid metabolism (e.g. ω-3 FA desaturase), cell wall (e.g. cellulose synthesis MUR4, hemicellulose synthesis, cell wall proteins AGPs), transcription factors (e.g. MYB, HB, AP2, EREBP) and genes encoded a series of transporters (e.g. amino, sugars, nitrate, major intrinsic proteins). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that lavenderblush2 and brown4 modules showed significant positive correlations with proline content and peroxidase activity and hub genes within these two modules were further determined. In addition, after 1 h of salt treatment, categories such as signalling receptor kinase, transcription factors, tetrapyrrole synthesis, lipid metabolism were immediately and specifically up-enriched compared to the following time points, suggesting a fast-acting and immediate physiological responses. Other specific categories involved in secondary metabolite biosynthesis such as simple phenols, glucosinolates, isoflavones and tocopherol biosynthesis were specifically up-regulated after 24 h salt treatment, suggesting longer-term reactions of metabolic adjustment.Conclusion: This study revealed salt response themes that were commonly or differentially expressed in earlier or later salt exposure phases, suggesting adaptive salt response mechanisms in the roots of bermudagrass. In addition, the distinctive salt-response pathways and potential salt-tolerant hub genes investigated can provide useful references to study the salt response of bermudagrass in the future.