bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinico-pathologic determinants of non-e-curative outcome&nbsp;following en-bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection in patients with early gastric neoplasia
Authors: Embaye Kidane Siele , Zhang Chao , Ghebrehiwet Matiwos Araya , Wang Zhihao , Zhang Fengdi , Liu Liwei , Qin Shenghui , Qin Lingzhi , Wang Jun , Wang Xi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is gaining enormous popularity in the treatment of early gastric cancers (EGCs) across many institutions in the world. However, appropriate selection of patients for endoscopic resection is crucial to sufficiently mitigate non-e-curative (NEC) resection. This study aims at identifying the various clinico-pathologic factors that independently predict the depth of submucosal invasion and NEC resection following ESD in patients with EGCs.Methods: Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate factors that independently predict the level of submucosal invasion and NEC resection in patients with early gastric neoplasia. Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences version 23 was used for analysis.Results: A total of 162 EGCs underwent en-bloc ESD for which the rate of complete resection and non-e-curative outcomes were 95% and 22.2%, correspondingly. Multivariate analysis depicted that tumor location in the upper two third of stomach (odds ratio [OR] 5.46, confidence interval [CI] 95%, 1.65-18.12, p = 0.006), tumor size > 2 cm (OR 7.63, CI 95%, 2.29-25.42, p = 0.001), histologically undifferentiated tumor (OR 15.54, CI 95%, 1.65-146.22, p = 0.001), and tumors with 0-IIa/0-IIc or their mixed variants with predominant 0-IIa/0-IIc (OR 9.77, CI 95%, 1.23-77.65, p = 0.031) were all independent predictors of NEC resection for early gastric tumors. Additionally, location in the upper two third of stomach (OR 8.88, CI 95%, 2.90-27.17, p < 0.001), ulcerated lesions (OR 3.70, CI 95%, 1.15-11.90, p = 0.028), lesions with > 2 cm (OR 2.94, CI 95%, 1.08-8.02, p = 0.036) and those with poor differentiation (OR 6.51, CI 95%, 2.23-18.98, p = 0.001) were found to have significant association with submucosal invasion.Conclusions: Tumors located in the upper two third of stomach having larger size (> 2 cm), poor histo-differentiation and a gross type of 0-IIa/0-IIc or their mixed variants with predominant 0-IIa/0-IIc are significantly associated with a risk of NEC after ESD procedure. Thus, early gastric tumors displaying these features need to be handled carefully during endoscopic resection. Our findings may provide some insights about the factors that determine non-curability in patients with EGC in relation to ESD procedure.
Quick BSI Score to Identify Bloodstream Infection at the Emergency Department
Authors: Phungoen Pariwat , Lerdprawat Nunchalit , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak , Chotmongkol Verajit , Ienghong Kamonwon , Sumritrin Sumana , Apiratwarakul Korakot 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a common and urgent condition at the emergency department (ED). In order to diagnose BSI, the current guideline fails to mention the juncture at which blood cultures ought to be taken. The decision whether or not to obtain hemoculture is solely based upon clinical judgment and outcomes pertaining to inappropriately ordered blood culture. This study aimed to develop predictive bloodstream infection scoring at the ED employing only clinical factors presented on ED arrival.Methods: This study was conducted retrospectively at the ED, Khon Kaen University Hospital, Thailand. Inclusion criteria encompassed adult patients suspected of infection defined by blood culture collection presented at the ED with intravenous antibiotics initiated during ED visits. Independent positive predictors for positive blood culture were used to create the Quick Bloodstream Infection score (qBSI score) through logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 169578 patients visited the ED during the study period. Of those, 12556 patients (7.40%) were suspected of infection. 8177 cases met the study criteria and were categorized according to positive blood culture results, i.e. bloodstream infection (741 patients; 9.06%). Probability of positive blood culture was calculated via aged over 55 years + moderate to severe CKD + solid organ tumor + (2 x liver disease) + (2 x history of fever with chills) + (2 x body temperature of over 38.3oC). A score of 1 or over rendered 92.98% sensitivity, 15.40% specificity, 9.87% positive predictive value, 95.66% negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio of 1.10, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.46.Conclusions: The qBSI score may be a helpful tool to perform blood culture in patients at the ED suspected of infection. Employing this score may facilitate in the determining of those needing blood culture at the ED.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Practice in Iran: A questionnaire-based report
Authors: Ahmadi Hanie , Ebrahimi Alireza , Ghorbani Farhad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The highly contagious nature of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), besides the fact that dental procedures commonly generate blood and saliva droplets that could lead to the contagion have resulted in the closure of many dental clinics. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on dental practice by conducting an online questionnaire among the Iranian dental practitioners and finding their perspectives on the subject.Methods: This report is based on a questionnaire that was conducted among Iranian dentists. The survey included questions that evaluate the dentists’ perceptions and attitudes toward the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on their personal life, financial status, and the quality of dental services for patients.Results: Overall, 240 dentists contributed to this study (214 general dentists and 26 specialists). The majority of the participants (n=170, 70%) did not perform non-emergency procedures during the pandemic. The dental practitioners have suggested several strategies to decrease the risk of contagion, such as reducing treatment sessions (n=90, 37%), strict triage of patients (n=156, 64%), and using personal protective equipment (n=108, 45%). However, most of the dentists (n=210, 87%) had problems, providing personal protective equipment during the pandemic. Moreover, 97% (n=234) of the participants reported that they encountered a decrease in their financial income since the eruption of the pandemic.Conclusion: Dental health care workers are at the highest risk of contracting COVID-19. Thus dental practioners ought to execute the standard protocols more cautiously during the pandemic. They could also lower their work hours and limit dental procedures to emergency treatments to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Besides, the public organizations should provide proper equipment for the dental practitioners to decrease the risk of contagion.
One-year results of half-dose versus one-third-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic or recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Jirarattanasopa Pichai , Vanchalerm Banchasakjaroen , Mansing Ratanasukon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is characterized by an accumulation of subretinal fluid (SRF) in the macula. It is usually treated by laser photocoagulation or photodynamic therapy (PDT) with different doses and power. This study is to compare the efficacy of half-dose PDT and one-third-dose PDT in chronic or recurrent CSC.Methods: A retrospective review of patients with chronic or recurrent CSC who were treated with half-dose or one-third-dose PDT and followed for 12 months afterwards. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) and resolution of subretinal fluid (SRF) at baseline and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-PDT were assessed.Results: Forty-six eyes and 20 eyes received half-dose and one-third-dose PDT, respectively. The study showed efficacy of the one-third-dose PDT compared with half-dose PDT in BCVA improvement (0.10±0.04 logMAR for one-third-dose versus 0.17±0.04 for half-dose, P=0.148) and CRT improvement (125.6±24.6 µm for one-third-dose versus 139.1±16.54 for half-dose, P=0.933) at 12 months. The SRF recurrence rate was significantly higher in the one-third-dose PDT group compared with the half-dose PDT group (40.0% versus 15.2%, P=0.027) at 12-months.Conclusion: At 12 months, the one-third-dose PDT was effective in term of BCVA and CRT improvement, when compared with half-dose PDT. However, this study showed that one-third-dose PDT had a higher recurrence rate of SRF.
Decontamination methods for respiratory protection mask model N95: a rapid review
Authors: Probst Livia Fernandes , Guerrero Ana Tereza Gomes , Cardoso Andréia Insabralde de Queiroz , Grande Antônio José , Croda Mariana Garcia , Venturini James , Fonseca Maria Cristina de Camargo , Paniago Anamaria Mello Miranda , Barreto Jorge Otávio Maia , de Oliveira Sandra Maria do Valle Leone 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: N95 respiratory protection masks are used by healthcare professionals to prevent contamination with infectious microorganisms transmitted by droplets or aerosols.Methods: We conducted a rapid review of the literature analyzing the effectiveness of decontamination methods for mask reuse. The review was carried out in September 2020 using a simplification of the formal systematic review process, which simplified the stages of a complete systematic review, including the exclusion of an assessment of study methodology.Results: A total of 563 articles were retrieved of which 48 laboratory-based studies were selected. Fifteen decontamination methods were included in the studies. Hydrogen peroxide was evaluated by 19 laboratory studies, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation by 21, ethylene oxide by 4, dry heat by 11, moist heat by 9, ethanol by 5, isopropanol solution by 2, microwave oven by 11, sodium hypochlorite by 10, autoclave by 7, electric rice cooker by 3, cleaning wipes by 1, bar soap and water 1, multi-Purpose High-Level Disinfection Cabinet by 1 and chlorine dioxide by 1. Five methods appear promising: hydrogen peroxide vapor, ultraviolet irradiation, dry heat, wet heat/pasteurization, and microwave ovens.Conclusions: Positive results should be considered with caution as they represent a small number of studies, reflect ideal laboratory conditions, and may have limited applicability in realistic situations and for health systems.
Analysis of the expression and potential molecular mechanism of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) in papillary thyroid cancer via bioinformatics methods
Authors: Xie Zhenyu , Li Xin , He Yuzhen , Wu Song , Wang Shiyue , Sun Jianjian , He Yuchen , Lun Yu , Xin Shijie , Zhang Jian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) has been reported as a biomarker of many cancers. However, the biological function of IL1RN in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains undetermined.Methods: We obtained IL1RN expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Enrichment analysis of coexpressed genes and IL1RN methylation analysis were performed via LinkedOmics. The correlations between IL1RN and immune infiltrates were investigated via ESTIMATE, TIMER and TISIDB. We analyzed the association of IL1RN expression with pancancer overall survival (OS) via Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA).Results: IL1RN showed higher expression levels and lower methylation levels in PTC tissues than in normal tissues. Higher IL1RN expression was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS), advanced tumor stage, tumor metastasis, increased incidence of BRAF mutations, and decreased incidence of N-RAS and H-RAS mutations. Genes coexpressed with IL1RN participate primarily in immune-related pathways. IL1RN expression positively correlated with immune infiltration, tumor progression and poor OS for all cancers.Conclusions: IL1RN is a good prognostic and diagnostic biomarker for PTC. IL1RN may promote thyroid cancer progression through immune-related pathways. Methylation may act as an upstream regulator of IL1RN expression and biological function. Additionally, IL1RN was shown to have broad prognostic value in a pancancer cohort.
COVID-TRACK: WORLD AND USA SARS-COV-2 TESTING AND COVID-19 TRACKING
Authors: Zohner Ye Emma Mariam , Morris Jeffrey S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major health and socio-economic disruptions worldwide. Accurate investigation of emerging data is crucial to inform policy makers as they construct viral mitigation strategies. Complications such as variable testing rates and time lags in counting cases, hospitalizations and deaths make it challenging to accurately track and identify true infectious surges from available data, and requires a multi-modal approach that simultaneously considers testing, incidence, hospitalizations, and deaths. Although many websites and applications report a subset of these data, none of them provide graphical displays capable of comparing different states or countries on all these measures as well as various useful quantities derived from them. Here we introduce a freely available graphical application that allows the user to simultaneously assess time trends in these measures and compare various states or countries, equipping them with a tool to investigate the potential effects of the different mitigation strategies and timelines used by various jurisdictions. Findings: COVID-TRACK is a Python based web-application that provides a platform for tracking testing, incidence, hospitalizations, and deaths related to COVID-19 along with various derived quantities. Our application makes the comparison across states or countries in the world easy to explore, with useful transformation options including per capita, log scale, and/or moving averages. We illustrate its use by assessing various viral trends in the USA and Europe. Conclusion: The COVID-TRACK web-application is a user-friendly analytical tool to compare data and trends related to the COVID-19 pandemic across areas in the United States and worldwide. Our tracking tool provides a unique platform where trends can be monitored across geographical areas in the coming months to watch how the pandemic waxes and wanes throughout the summer and into a potential second wave in the fall.
A controlled study on the diagnostic accuracy of panoramic and peri-apical radiography for detecting furcation involvement
Authors: Berghuis Gijsbrecht Jan , Cosyn Jan , De Bruyn Hugo , Hommez Geert , Dierens Melissa , Christiaens Véronique 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of panoramic and peri-apical radiography for detecting furcation involvement (1) and to evaluate the possible impact of clinical experience on these diagnostic parameters (2).Methods: Periodontitis patients in need of an implant were retrospectively selected. Inclusion criteria were the presence of a CBCT, panoramic and peri-apical radiograph of the site of interest within a one-year time frame. All furcation sites were classified on the basis of CBCT using Hamp’s index (1975). These data were considered gold standard. Ten experienced examiners and 10 trainees were asked to assess furcation involvement for the same defects on the basis of corresponding panoramic and peri-apical radiographs. Absolute agreement, Cohen’s weighted kappa, sensitivity and specificity were calculated. In addition, ROC-curves were constructed.Results: The study sample included 60 furcation sites in 29 multi-rooted teeth from 17 patients (10 females; mean age 62). On average 20/60 furcations were correctly classified on the basis of panoramic radiography, corresponding to weighted kappa of 0.209 indicative of slight agreement. Respective data for peri-apical radiography were 19/60 and 0.221. When recategorizing FI Grades into ‘no to limited FI’ (FI Grade 0 and I) and ‘advanced FI’ (FI Grade II and III), panoramic and peri-apical radiography showed low sensitivity (0.558 and 0.441, respectively), yet high specificity (0.791 and 0.790, respectively) for identifying advanced FI. Both showed diagnostic value given the area under the ROC-curve amounting to 0.79 and 0.69 for panoramic and peri-apical radiography, respectively. There was no significant difference between experienced periodontists and trainees (P = 0.257 versus P = 0.880).Conclusion: Panoramic and peri-apical radiography are relevant in the diagnosis of FI given high specificity. These are best combined with furcation probing showing high sensitivity. Clinical experience does not seem to improve the accuracy of a radiological diagnosis of furcation sites.Trial Registration: Patients were retrospectively registered.
A multilevel analysis of the importance of oral health instructions for preventing tooth loss: The 8020 Promotion Foundation Study of Japanese Dental Patients
Authors: Saito Mizuki , Shimazaki Yoshihiro , Fukai Kakuhiro , Furuta Michiko , Aida Jun , Ando Yuichi , Miyazaki Hideo , Kambara Masaki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Many studies have reported risk factors for tooth loss. Oral health instruction is considered effective at improving oral health behavior and oral health. However, few studies have examined the relationship of dental clinic factors, such as the number of dental hygienists and implementation of oral health instructions, with tooth loss. Here, we conducted a multilevel analysis to clarify the dental clinic risk factors associated with tooth loss.Methods: Baseline surveys were conducted at 1,216 dental clinics in 46 prefectures in Japan, and 12,399 dental patients aged 20 years and over underwent oral examinations and completed a questionnaire. The dental clinics also completed a questionnaire at baseline. A 3-year follow-up survey included 2,488 patients in 585 dental clinics. Multilevel multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the risk of tooth loss at the patient and clinic levels.Results: Of the patient variables, older age, higher mean probing pocket depth, current or past smoking, and bleeding during tooth brushing were associated with higher risks of tooth loss. Individuals with many teeth who visited dental clinics for maintenance were at significantly lower risk of tooth loss. Of the clinic variables, patients attending dental clinics with four or more dental hygienists had a significantly lower risk of tooth loss (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.50–0.99). Patients attending dental clinics that provide oral health instructions for 20 min or more had a significantly lower risk of tooth loss (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.50–0.96).Conclusions: In addition to individual risk factors for tooth loss, dental clinic factors such as length of oral health instruction and number of dental hygienists are associated with tooth loss. In dental clinics, ensuring sufficient time for dental hygienists to provide oral health instructions can help prevent tooth loss in dental patients.
Factors Influencing the Deterioration from Cognitive Decline of Normal Aging to Dementia among Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Hayajneh Audai A. , Rababa Mohammad , Alghwiri Alia A. , Masha'al Dina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: A dearth of differential research exists regarding the determinants of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia among nursing home residents. This study aimed to identify and examine the association between medical factors (number of comorbidities, hospitalization, disability, depression, frailty and quality of life) and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia in nursing homes residents.Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Convenience sampling of 182 participants was conducted in nursing homes located in the central part of Jordan. Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) was used to screen both MCI and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia. Bivariate analysis, including t-test and ANOVA test, and logistic and linear regression models were used to examine and identify the medical factors associated with moderate cognitive impairment or dementia compared to mild cognitive impairment.Results: Most nursing home residents had MCI (87.4%) compared to a few with moderate cognitive impairment or dementia. Age (t = -2.773), number of comorbidities (t = -4.045), depression (t = -4.809), frailty (t = -4.038), and quality of life physical (t = 3.282) and mental component summaries (t = 2.469) were significantly different between the stages of cognitive impairment. Marital status (t = -4.050, p < 0.001), higher-income (t = 3.755, p < 0.001), recent hospitalization (t = 2.622,p = 0.01), depression (t = -2.737, p = 0.007), and frailty (t = 2.852, p = 0.005) were significantly associated with mental ability scores among nursing home residents.Conclusion: The coexistence of comorbidities and depression among nursing home residents with MCI necessitates prompt management by healthcare providers to combat depressive symptoms in order to delay the dementia trajectory among at-risk residents.Trail registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04589637, October 15,2020, Retrospectively registered.
Maternal Health Care Service utilization among Young Married Women in India, 1992-2016: Trends and determinants
Authors: Singh Pooja , Singh Kaushalendra Kumar , Singh Pragya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Maternal deaths among young women (15-24 years) shares 38% of total maternal mortality in India. Utilizing maternal health care services can reduce a substantial proportion of maternal mortality. However, there is a paucity of studies focusing on young women in this context. This paper therefore aimed to examine the trends and determinants of full antenatal care (ANC) and skilled birth attendance (SBA) utilization among young married women in India.Methods: The study analysed data from the four rounds of National Family Health Surveys conducted in India during the years 1992–93, 1998–99, 2005–06 and 2015–16. Young married women aged 15-24 years with at least one live birth in the three years preceding the survey were considered for analysis in each survey round. We used descriptive statistics to assess the prevalence and trends in full ANC and SBA use. Pooled multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify the demographic and socioeconomic determinants of the selected maternity care services. Results: The use of full ANC among young mothers increased from 27% to 46% in India, and from 9% to 28% in EAG (Empowered Action Group) states during 1992-2016. SBA utilization was 88% and 83% during 2015-16 by showing an increment of 20% and 50% since 1992 in India and EAG states, respectively. Findings from multivariate analysis revealed significant difference in the use of selected maternal health care services by maternal age, residence, education, birth order and wealth quintile. Additionally, Muslim women, women belonging to scheduled caste (SC)/ scheduled tribe (ST) social group, and women unexposed to mass media were less likely to utilize both the maternal health care services. Concerning the time effect, the odds of the utilization of full ANC and SBA among young women was found to increase over time.Conclusions: Utilization of full ANC remained unacceptably low, specifically in EAG states. Programmatic interventions, targeting women residing in EAG states, adolescents, illiterate, poor and Muslim and SC/ST women would help to increase full ANC utilization and to maintain the increasing trend of SBA use.