bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical leadership in times of change: the role of change commitment and change information for employees’ dysfunctional resistance
Authors: Rahaman H.M. Saidur , Camps Jeroen , Decoster Stijn , Stouten Jeroen 
Published: July 2020

PurposeIn the present study, the authors draw on social exchange theory to argue that ethical leaders offer positive exchanges in times of change and thereby encourage employees’ change commitment, which subsequently reduces their dysfunctional resistance. Drawing on uncertainty management theory, the authors further hypothesize that employees’ perception of change information (i.e. a change-specific context) not only moderates the negative relationship between employees’ change commitment and dysfunctional resistance but also the indirect relationship between ethical leadership and dysfunctional resistance via change commitment.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a two-source cross-sectional survey involving 144 matched pairs of employees and coworkers from a range of organizations.FindingsEmployees’ change commitment mediates the relationship between ethical leadership and their dysfunctional resistance. Furthermore, employees’ perception of change information not only moderates the relationship between change commitment and dysfunctional resistance but, more importantly, also the indirect effect between ethical leadership and dysfunctional resistance via change commitment. More specifically, the effect of change commitment on employees’ dysfunctional resistance as well as the indirect effect of ethical leadership on employees’ dysfunctional resistance through change commitment are stronger when there is little change information.Research limitations/implicationsEthical leadership is able to reduce employees’ dysfunctional resistance, particularly when employees have limited information regarding the change.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates how change commitment acts as a mediator and change information serves as a moderator in the ethical leadership–dysfunctional resistance relationship in the time of organizational change.
Performance assessment of governance in Indian smart city development
Authors: Maurya Kranti Kumar , Biswas Arindam 
Published: July 2020

PurposeIndia is set to develop a hundred smart cities under Smart Cities Mission (SCM). New Special Purpose Vehicles (SPV) established at the city level are developing these cities. Cities around the globe do not use this system for city development yet. SCM was launched in 2015, and these companies are working in some of these cities since 2016. This paper is an attempt to investigate the traditional system and SPV system with global best practices.Design/methodology/approachThe method for investigation includes developing a framework with the governance principles (defined by the United Nations Development Programme) and measurement parameters. By this framework, the performance of these governance systems can be measured/ranked; analysing these results give the nodal points where one system is better than the other and highlighting features; those can be incorporated to develop an alternative comprehensive system.FindingsThe new service delivery mechanism (SPV) is still adapting and competing with the traditional system. There have been some positives as well as some criticism for SPVs in comparison to the traditional system.Research limitations/implicationsThe data for analysis is mostly from secondary sources and structured official interviews. The cases selected for the analysis are cities from different states of India and some leading global cities.Practical implicationsSmart cities development is still going on. As the analysis findings suggest, it needs a more efficient and converged implementation mechanism.Originality/valueThe analysis framework is solely developed for this paper. The paper compares five of the Indian traditional city development process, SCM implementation strategy and leading city development processes around the world.
Inversion‐based deblending using migration operators
Authors: Ibrahim Amr , Trad Daniel 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we compare the denoising‐ and inversion‐based deblending methods using Stolt migration operators. We use Stolt operator as a kernel to efficiently compute apex‐shifted hyperbolic Radon transform. Sparsity promoting transforms, such as Radon transform, can focus seismic data into a sparse model to separate signals, remove noise or interpolate missing traces. Therefore, Radon transforms are a suitable tool for either the denoising‐ or the inversion‐based deblending methods. The denoising‐based deblending treats blending interferences as random noise by sorting the data into new gathers, such as common receiver gather. In these gathers, blending interferences exhibit random structures due to the randomization of the source firing times. Alternatively, the inversion‐based deblending treats blending interferences as a signal, and the transform models this signal by incorporating the blending operator to formulate an inversion problem. We compare both methods using a robust inversion algorithm with sparse regularization. Results of synthetic and field data examples show that the inversion‐based deblending can produce more accurate signal separation for highly blended data.
How should a government finance pension benefits?
Authors: Yasuoka Masaya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBased on an earlier report by Ono (2010), this paper presents consideration of a consumption tax and examines how tax reform to maintain the neutrality of pension benefits affects the income growth rate and the employment rate. A decrease in the rate of worker contribution (labour income tax rate) with an increase in a consumption tax raises employment, but the effect on income growth is ambiguous. A decrease in the rate of firm contribution with an increase in the consumption tax decreases employment and facilitates income growth. Therefore, if the unemployment rate must be decreased, then pension reform with a decrease in the rate of worker contribution should be selected. The results derived through the study described in this paper are consistent with the empirical facts. Moreover, for these analyses, we assume the other production function and confirm the robustness of the obtained results.
The Transparency Paradox: Why Transparency Alone will not Improve Campaign Regulations
Authors: Power Sam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe role of new sources of data has become of increasing interest to those involved in political campaigning and a legislative focus of policy makers and regulators. Utilising Karl‐Heinz Nassmacher’s ‘magic quadrangle’ of ‘accounting, practicality, sanctions and transparency’ and a case study of the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000 this article unpicks how successful the ‘guiding philosophy’ of transparency was in delivering increased citizen confidence in the democratic process. I ultimately argue that at the heart of all discussions about what regulation in this area should look like, an uncomfortable paradox has to be accepted: that transparency may well help to quell actual instances of malfeasance and the misuse of data, but may at the same time increase citizen distrust in democratic processes. Any regulation should consider the ways in which transparency might be implemented such that it better supports the stated legislative aims.
Routes Towards The Irrealis
Authors: Sansò Andrea 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIrrealis markers are characterized by the rampant heterogeneity of their distributional patterns and by the tendency to appear as portmanteau morphemes encoding other grammatical categories (e.g. person). These and other characteristics may find an explanation in diachronic terms, by taking into account the sources from which irrealis markers derive. In this paper, the most frequent sources of irrealis markers are identified by means of a diachronic‐typological survey based on a 100–language sample: these include lexical verbs such as ‘go’, ‘want’ or ‘be’, former subordinate clauses that come to be used as main clauses through insubordination and deictic expressions that refer to distant elements. Considering the diachrony of irrealis markers allows us to explain some of their properties such as, among others (i) their distribution across the domain of non‐actualized situation types, (ii) the primacy of certain non‐actualized situation types that happen to work as bridgeheads in the diachronic development from the source to the target irrealis marker, (iii) the frequent co‐encoding of person and reality status by means of the same markers, and (iv) the existence of ergativity splits involving irrealis clauses. The diachronic‐typological survey conducted in this paper has some implications on the debate on the validity of reality status as a grammatical category with two opposite values of realis and irrealis: it will be argued that the diachronic scenarios leading to the emergence of irrealis markers are not substantially different from those known from the literature on the emergence of modal markers, which makes reality status superfluous as an independent grammatical category.
Units for vigilance of emerging diseases based on wastewater treatment plants (WWTP‐UVED)
Authors: Barros‐Rodríguez Adoración , Manzanera Maximino 
Published: July 2020

SummaryPandemics deeply affect the health and economy of the world population. A precise determination of affected communities is of great importance to establish containment measures and reduce the economic impact. Here, we propose the development of Units for Vigilance of Emerging Diseases based on the screening of pathogens released to wastewater treatment plants to follow the spread of the infectious agent to determine the location of infected people.
Clinical and laboratory clues of maturity‐onset diabetes of the young and determination of association with molecular diagnosis
Authors: Karaoglan Murat , Nacarkahya Gulper 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground/AimMaturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is often misdiagnosed as other types of diabetes because it is overlooked due to atypical clinical presentations. This study aims to reveal the clinical and laboratory clues and examine their compatibility with MODY genotypes.MethodsParticipants consisted of 230 children with atypical presentations for type1(T1DM) and type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MODY‐causing mutations were screened in the following genes:GCK‐HNF1A‐HNF4A‐HNF1B‐PDX1‐NEUROD1‐KLF11‐CEL‐PAX4‐INS‐BLK. Clinical and laboratory features were compared between children with MODY and children without MODY.ResultsThe most common reasons for MODY screening were as follows (n/%):low daily dose of insulin (DDI) requirement (122/53%), absence of beta‐cell antibodies(58/25.3%), coincidental hyperglycemia(26/11.3%), family history of diabetes (12/5.2%), hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia episodes(7/3%), hyperglycemia related to steroids(3/1.4%) and renal glycosuria(2/0.8%). The markers with the most likelihood to distinguish MODY from T1DM were determined as follows: measurable C‐peptide in follow‐up, family history of early‐onset diabetes and low DDI requirement (odds ratio:12.55, 5.53 and 3.43, respectively). The distribution of the most common causative genes in children with MODY(n = 24) is as follows (n/%):GCK(15/62.5%), HNF4A(7/29.1%), HNF1A(1/9.2%) and PDX1(1/9.2%).All children(n = 12) with GCK‐MODY(MODY2) were screened for low DDI requirement, while beta‐cell negativity was more common in HNF4A‐MODY(MODY1).ConclusionThe study shows that measurable C‐peptide in follow‐up, family history of early‐onset diabetes, and low DDI are still remarkable clues to predict MODY in children with misdiagnosed T1DM. In addition, the most common mutations were found in the GCK and HNF4A genes. Among children misdiagnosed with T1DM, a low DDI requirement was found more frequently in MODY2, whereas beta‐cell antibody negativity was more common in MODY1.
Cytoskeleton stiffness regulates cellular senescence and innate immune response in Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome
Authors: Mu Xiaodong , Tseng Chieh , Hambright William S. , Matre Polina , Lin Chih‐Yi , Chanda Palas , Chen Wanqun , Gu Jianhua , Ravuri Sudheer , Cui Yan , Zhong Ling , Cooke John P. , Niedernhofer Laura J. , Robbins Paul D. , Huard Johnny 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is caused by the accumulation of mutant prelamin A (progerin) in the nuclear lamina, resulting in increased nuclear stiffness and abnormal nuclear architecture. Nuclear mechanics are tightly coupled to cytoskeletal mechanics via lamin A/C. However, the role of cytoskeletal/nuclear mechanical properties in mediating cellular senescence and the relationship between cytoskeletal stiffness, nuclear abnormalities, and senescent phenotypes remain largely unknown. Here, using muscle‐derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from the Zmpste24−/− (Z24−/−) mouse (a model for HGPS) and human HGPS fibroblasts, we investigated the mechanical mechanism of progerin‐induced cellular senescence, involving the role and interaction of mechanical sensors RhoA and Sun1/2 in regulating F‐actin cytoskeleton stiffness, nuclear blebbing, micronuclei formation, and the innate immune response. We observed that increased cytoskeletal stiffness and RhoA activation in progeria cells were directly coupled with increased nuclear blebbing, Sun2 expression, and micronuclei‐induced cGAS‐Sting activation, part of the innate immune response. Expression of constitutively active RhoA promoted, while the inhibition of RhoA/ROCK reduced cytoskeletal stiffness, Sun2 expression, the innate immune response, and cellular senescence. Silencing of Sun2 expression by siRNA also repressed RhoA activation, cytoskeletal stiffness and cellular senescence. Treatment of Zmpste24−/− mice with a RhoA inhibitor repressed cellular senescence and improved muscle regeneration. These results reveal novel mechanical roles and correlation of cytoskeletal/nuclear stiffness, RhoA, Sun2, and the innate immune response in promoting aging and cellular senescence in HGPS progeria.
Alcohol policy in Chile: a systematic review of policy developments and evaluations
Authors: Peña Sebastián , Sierralta Paula , Norambuena Pablo , Leyton Felipe , Pemjean Alfredo , Román Francisca 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo comprehensively review enacted and proposed alcohol laws and existing impact evaluations of national alcohol policies in Chile.MethodsWe searched enacted laws in the Chilean National Library of Congress, proposed laws in the websites of the House of Deputies and Senate and impact evaluations in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Scielo, JSTOR, Epistemonikos and OpenGrey from inception to February 2019. Eligibility criteria included enacted laws and proposed laws on national alcohol policies and research studies evaluating the impact of national alcohol policies. One author screened enacted laws and proposed laws; two authors independently screened research records. We included any national alcohol policy intervention and classified policies according to 10 World Health Organization (WHO) alcohol policy domains. We used the Cochrane EPOC Review Group criteria to assess risk of bias of research records. We registered the review protocol in PROSPERO, registration record CRD42016050156.ResultsWe identified and screened 229 enacted laws, 138 proposed laws and 1538 research records. Of these, 72 enacted laws, 118 proposed laws and three research articles were eligible for synthesis. We found enacted policies in all WHO alcohol policy domains. Regarding the most cost‐effective policies, Chile has made limited use of taxation, has not regulated alcohol marketing and has weakened alcohol availability regulation. We found a large number of proposed laws, 79% of which would strengthen alcohol control. The few impact evaluation studies examined drink‐driving policies and found a short‐term reduction of alcohol‐related injuries and deaths.ConclusionsChile has enacted alcohol policies in all World Health Organization policy domains, but has not adopted policies with highest likely cost‐effectiveness. Only the impact of drink‐driving policies has been evaluated.
Young adult predictors of alcohol dependence to age 53: a 44‐year prospective cohort study of Danish men
Authors: Sørensen Holger J. , Manzardo Ann , Just‐Østergaard Emilie , Penick Elizabeth C. , Becker Ulrik M. D. , Mortensen Erik Lykke , Knop Joachim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo examine if (1) there is a positive association between drinking volume in young men and life‐time risk of alcohol dependence (AD) and (2) there are other associations between young adulthood factors and life‐time risk of AD.DesignProspective cohort study of sons of fathers with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and matched low‐risk controls without paternal AUD.Setting and participantsA total of 204 men, who were assessed at baseline in 1979 at age 19–20 years, were followed through record linkage with Danish registers and consecutive psychiatric interviews at the ages of 33, 43 and 53 years.MeasurementsAD diagnoses were interview‐based according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition, or made by treating clinicians according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) revision 8 (ICD‐8) until 1993 and revision 10 (ICD‐10) from 1994.We estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the development of AD after adjustment for confounders including smoking, social status and paternal AUD.FindingsThe following variables from the examination at age 19–20 independently predicted life‐time AD: alcohol consumption > 21 beverages/week versus 0–21 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.22–4.97], police contact (OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.28–5.28) and institutionalization related to the individual (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.39–6.02). Compared with < 1 beverages/week, the risk for AD did not increase significantly for drinking volume categories: 1–7, 8–14 or 15–21 beverages/week.ConclusionIndependently of other risk factors in young adulthood, young Danish men's risk for life‐time alcohol dependence appears to be predicted by a drinking volume at age 19–20 years exceeding 21 beverages per week.
4Gender, Masculinity, and Professional–Avocational Heritage Collaborations
Authors: Hart Siobhan M. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTProfessionals and avocationals often work side by side on archaeological sites, collaborate on research, and engage in mutual knowledge sharing. However, little attention has been paid to the way gender and social identities inflect these relationships. In this article I consider the gendered dimensions of avocational–professional relationships, drawing from experiences with a multi‐stakeholder collaborative project in New England. I examine how gender and masculinity are intertwined with social class and whiteness to reinforce and reproduce hierarchies and privilege in archaeological practice. I conclude that to realize democratizing goals, archaeologists must critically examine the assumptions, norms, and expectations of avocationals and recognize how gender, class, ethnicity, and race intersect and interact in collaborative contexts.
9Memory and Masculinity at Stanford's Arboretum Chinese Quarters
Authors: Lowman Christopher B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUsing archival, archaeological, and oral historical evidence, I explore how Chinese men living at Stanford University's Arboretum Chinese Quarters navigated changing attitudes toward gender and race at the end of the nineteenth century. Artifacts helped prompt an intersubjective process of oral history and stories shared by descendants of Chinese employees at Stanford and other members of the local Chinese American community in California's San Francisco Bay Area. Based on these interviews and further research into documents and objects, I highlight two intertwined social spheres for the Chinese population at Stanford, including networks based on business, family, or fraternal organizations, and competitive games and athletics. I show how these men may have forged new ways to perform an emergent Chinese American masculinity by combining practices from both sides of the Pacific. Research conducted between 2016 and 2019 helped produce new senses of heritage for the Chinese American communities at Stanford and elsewhere in the Bay Area.
Does it pay to cooperate? The case of cooperatives in the Mexican manufacturing sector
Authors: Cotler Pablo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVarious economic theories suggest cooperatives are an inefficient organizational form, but empirical evidence remains elusive. In Europe, the data does not necessarily support this view. There, a cooperative‐friendly environment and policy infrastructure may explain this outcome. So what happens to cooperatives’ performance in a country where this type of organization is little known and public policies do not support them? To answer this question I used the Economic Censuses of Mexico to compare cooperatives and private firms in the country's manufacturing sector. Using a propensity score matching and the Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition, several findings emerge. First, joint‐stock and individually owned firms do have a higher sales performance relative to cooperatives in Mexico. Second, as productive units mature and gain more experience, however, that sales gap declines. Within the different endowments that may explain these results, the population size of districts where productive units are located is a variable that appears on a recurring basis. Relative to private firms, cooperatives are located in smaller municipalities. Even though this may affect their sales, such location is the result of a strategy to safeguard the cooperative spirit.
Understanding the focal points and sentiment of learners in MOOC reviews: A machine learning and SC‐LIWC‐based approach
Authors: Geng Shuang , Niu Ben , Feng Yuanyue , Huang Miaojia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite the popularity of massive open online courses (MOOCs), only a small portion of the course participants successfully complete the course. The low completion rate can be partially attributed to the mismatch between the participants' expectations and value delivered by the courses. Therefore, this study leverages MOOC reviews to investigate the focal point and sentiment of the learners by combining machine learning techniques and statistical analysis. Several text mining methods (ie, simplified Chinese‐linguistic inquiry and word count dictionary, word embeddings, and bidirectional long short‐term memory model) are combined to automatically extract the emotional and cognitive aspects, review focal point, and sentiment from the learner discourse. Multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis is performed to examine the relationships between the learner sentiment and the extracted content features. Using a set of real data from NetEase online open courses, our results reveal that the MOOC reviews mostly pertain to teaching and platform rather than the course content. Furthermore, the social process and personal concerns appear more frequently in the learner discourse. Overall, the learners exhibit positive attitudes towards teaching and platform and negative attitudes towards issues related to the course content. This study contributes to the literature regarding the MOOC research methodologies and provides a deeper understanding of the learner discourse behaviour in MOOCs.