bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Instability of Individuals Exposed to Storm‐Induced Coastal Flooding: Vulnerability of New Yorkers During Hurricane Sandy
Authors: Wang Yifan , Marsooli Reza 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFlood risk assessment requires a quantitative understanding of hazards and vulnerability. In the coastal built environment, the human's vulnerability to combined hazards due to the floodwater and winds is an integral component of flood risks. The present study aims to reveal the human vulnerability to storm‐induced coastal flooding, focusing on New York City during Hurricane Sandy. We develop a physics‐based model to quantify individuals' physical vulnerability, both adults and children, to compound hazards of floodwater and winds. The model accounts for the failure of individuals caused by physical instability due to slipping and toppling. The governing equations consider the balance between the driving and resisting forces and moments applied to an individual concurrently exposed to floodwater and winds. We first calibrate the model using existing measurements in the literature and then implement it to study the vulnerability of New York residents in Manhattan to coastal flooding during Hurricane Sandy. Model results indicate that when combined floodwater and wind hazards were at their highest‐level during Sandy, the majority of flooded areas were mainly a hazardous zone for adults and either a failure or drowning zone for children. About 5.4% and 47.4% of the total flooded area became a failure zone, and 19.9% and 42.4% became a drowning zone for adults and children, respectively. We conclude that winds can have a significant impact on the physical instability of individuals. For example, model results for children show that neglecting winds results in a reduction of 97.7% in the area of the failure zone.
Secure information broadcasting analysis in an indoor VLC system with imperfect CSI
Authors: Ambrish  , Garg Parul , Sharma Prabhat Kumar , Gupta Akash 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the physical layer security of an indoor visible light communication system, that consists of two transmission light‐emitting diodes to broadcast the information towards the legitimate user, is investigated. Further, a secure LED selection scheme is proposed to select an LED that can perform secure information broadcasting, in the presence of an active and/or passive eavesdropper. The probability of secure information broadcasting is obtained in terms of the positive secrecy rate which is defined under the constraints of known or unknown imperfect channel state information of both legitimate and eavesdropping links. The channel state information (CSI) knowledge of each transmitting link is estimated with the use of a minimum mean square error technique. The performance metrics of the system are defined in terms of the average secrecy capacity and secrecy outage probability parameters. Further, the performance of the system is compared with the conventional stand‐alone VLC system by varying various physical parameters. Further, analytical results are corroborated with the computer simulation results.
Analysis and optimization of a 12/14 double‐stator flux‐switching machine using low cost magnet
Authors: Kazemi Sangdehi Seyed Milad , Asadi Farough , Abdollahi Seyed Ehsan , Gholamian Sayyed Asghar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFlux‐switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine attracted a great deal of attention for industrial applications owing to its high efficiency and high torque/power densities. However, on the downside, it suffers from high cost of rare‐earth permanent magnets (REPMs). Although employing ferrite magnets remarkably reduces the cost of material, ferrite magnet lower energy product will negatively affect the electromagnetic performance of this machine. As a solution, the double‐stator flux‐switching permanent magnet (DSFSPM) machine has been presented in this paper to improve the electromagnetic performance of a conventional ferrite based FSPM counterpart. In this regard, a new analytical approach followed by a brief discussion of the influence of rotor pole number on the electromagnetic performance of two DSFSPM machines with 10‐ and 14‐pole rotors are studied. It is shown that 12/14 DSFSPM machine with ferrite magnets generates almost 30% more developed torque than the other with 10‐pole rotor. Then, a comprehensive comparison on the electromagnetic performances of a 12/14 DSFSPM machine with ferrite magnets, and two 12/14 FSPM machines with REPMs and ferrite magnets are investigated by finite element method. Besides, a cost study highlights the monetary beneficial of the proposed 12/14 DSFSPM machine for the competitive EVs market. Furthermore, a laboratory scale 12/14 DSFSPM machine is designed based on analytical approach, optimized by Taguchi optimization method, and experimentally tested to validate both analytical and FEM results.
A method of inpainting moles and acne on the high‐resolution face photos
Authors: Li Xuewei , Li Xueming , Zhang Xianlin , Liu Yang , Liang Jiayi , Guo Ziliang , Zhai Keyu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith the rapid development of mobile phones, more and more high‐resolution photos are taken. The demand for high‐resolution image inpainting is becoming increasingly urgent. In order to repair high‐resolution face images automatically and quickly, this paper proposes an improved generative adversarial networks method. Firstly, we made a high‐resolution dataset for training and testing, and abandoned the traditional 256256 size data. Secondly, since the existing methods can only repair the mask with fixed size and shape on the image, when the global average pooling layer is used in the network, the improved network can repair the moles and acne with arbitrary sizes and shapes on the human face photos. Finally, in order to achieve optimal performance of the network, a mixed loss function is used in training. The experimental results prove that our method has not only achieved good results in qualitative results, but also achieved excellent results in quantitative results.
Vietnamese expletive between grammatical subject and subjectivity
marker
Authors: Dao Huy Linh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we undertake a systematic
investigation of the peculiar behavior of the optional expletive
subject pronoun nó

expl
in spoken Vietnamese. The first part of our study consists of
an in-depth examination of its syntactic and semantic properties in
comparison to those of its referential counterpart. From this
overview, it appears that the distribution of nó

expl
is jointly determined by syntactic and discourse factors. We
then critically appraise the recent analysis by Greco
et al. (2018a, b),
according to which nó

expl
imposes a specificity requirement on sentences containing it.
We suggest to reinterpret this requirement as a corollary of the
assessment by the speaker of a given state of affairs against her
epistemic background. Pursuing the line of argumentation developed
in Dao (2014) and
integrating insights from Speas-Tenny’s syntactic approach to
Evidentiality (Speas & Tenny
2003; Speas
2004; Tenny
2006), we argue that nó

expl
is best treated as an ego-evidential marker. We further show
that nó

expl
does not intrinsically encode evidentiality but acquires its
evidential import via syntactic processes.
Eragrostis atrovirens (thalia lovegrass).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Eragrostis atrovirens is a C4 grass cultivated for pasture and hay in tropical and subtropical regions (USDA-ARS, 2016). It has escaped from cultivation and once naturalized it behaves as a weed in roadsides, disturbed sites, waste areas, riparian areas, and grasslands (Barkworth et al., 2004; Flora of China Editorial Committee, 2016; PIER, 2016; PROTA, 2016). This perennial grass has the capability to tolerate drought and high saline conditions as well as seasonally waterlogged conditions. Thus, it can be found growing in floodplain grassland and swampy grassland (Flora of Pakistan, 2016). Currently, it is listed as invasive in Australia, Micronesia, Palau, Chagos Islands, Cuba, and Mexico (Villaseñor and Espinosa-Garcia, 2004; Oviedo Prieto et al., 2012; Simon and Alonso, 2016; PIER, 2016).
Distance measures in gravitational-wave astrophysics and cosmology
Authors: Chen Hsin-Yu , Holz Daniel E , Miller John , Evans Matthew , Vitale Salvatore , Creighton Jolien 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present quantities which characterize the sensitivity of gravitational-wave observatories to sources at cosmological distances. In particular, we introduce and generalize the horizon, range, response, and reach distances. These quantities incorporate a number of important effects, including cosmologically well-defined distances and volumes, cosmological redshift, cosmological time dilation, and rate density evolution. In addition, these quantities incorporate unique aspects of gravitational wave detectors, such as the variable sky sensitivity of the detectors and the scaling of the sensitivity with inverse distance. An online calculator (https://users.rcc.uchicago.edu/~dholz/gwc/) and python notebook (https://github.com/hsinyuc/distancetool) to determine GW distances are available. We provide answers to the question: ‘How far can gravitational-wave detectors hear?’
Crystal plasticity modeling of non-Schmid yield behavior: from Ni3Al single crystals to Ni-based superalloys
Authors: Ranjan Devraj , Narayanan Sankar , Kadau Kai , Patra Anirban 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) framework is proposed for modeling the non-Schmid yield behavior of L12 type Ni3Al crystals and Ni-based superalloys. This framework relies on the estimation of the non-Schmid model parameters directly from the orientation- and temperature-dependent experimental yield stress data. The inelastic deformation model for Ni3Al crystals is extended to the precipitate (γ′) phase of Ni-based superalloys in a homogenized dislocation density based crystal plasticity framework. The framework is used to simulate the orientation- and temperature-dependent yield of Ni3Al crystals and single crystal Ni-based superalloy, CMSX-4, in the temperature range 260–1304 K. Model predictions of the yield stress are in general agreement with experiments. Model predictions are also made regarding the tension–compression asymmetry and the dominant slip mechanism at yield over the standard stereographic triangle at various temperatures for both these materials. These predictions provide valuable insights regarding the underlying (orientation- and temperature-dependent) slip mechanisms at yield. In this regard, the non-Schmid model may also serve as a standalone analytical model for predicting the yield stress, the tension–compression asymmetry and the underlying slip mechanism at yield as a function of orientation and temperature.
Time–frequency decomposition-assisted improved localization of proximity of damage using acoustic sensors
Authors: Barbosh Mohamed , Sadhu Ayan , Sankar Girish 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nondestructive testing (NDT) technique has emerged as a valuable tool for detecting damage and evaluating the overall structural condition, leading to enhanced safety and optimized maintenance of large-scale structures. The acoustic emission (AE) approach is one of the powerful NDT techniques that can be suitable for damage detection due to its high sensitivity to localized damage. In this paper, an improved method based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and Shannon entropy (E) is proposed to localize the structural damage using AE sensors without considering any manual feature extraction of standalone AE parameters. EMD is first applied to eliminate the noise from the measured AE data and extract the key AE components, and then the E value of each AE component is estimated and used to identify the potential location of a crack in structural elements. The proposed method is validated using a suite of experimental studies and AE data obtained from a full-scale concrete dam located in Ontario, Canada. The results show the capability of the proposed method for identifying the approximate location of the damages and prove that the proposed method can be suitable for robust damage or crack localization.
Seismic mitigation performance of periodic foundations with inertial amplification mechanism considering superstructure-foundation interaction
Authors: Sun Feifei , Dai Xiaoxin , Liu Yue , Xiao Lei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The periodic foundation is a novel seismic isolation technology which uses the filtering characteristics of periodic structures. In order to solve the shortcomings of the existing attenuation mechanism, and to have a better attenuation effect on the main frequency band of ground motions, a periodic foundation based on the inertial amplification mechanism (IAPF) is proposed. The seismic mitigation performance of IAPF is studied by frequency response analysis. The sensitivity analysis and optimization of the interactive system which is composed of IAPF and superstructure are also carried out. The performance of the IAPF interactive system is compared with that of the interactive system composed of the local resonance periodic foundation and superstructure. The results show that IAPF does not require a large resonator mass to mitigate structural response. In addition, proper additional damping can significantly reduce the resonance peak and has negligible effect on the attenuation depth, which makes up for the shortcoming that the periodic foundation will amplify the response at the resonance peaks outside the attenuation zone to some extent.
Fitness consequences of seasonally different life histories? A match–mismatch experiment
Authors: Guenther Anja , Eweleit Lucienne , Trillmich Fritz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo survive and reproduce successfully, animals have to find the optimal time of breeding. Species living in nontropical environments often adjust their reproduction plastically according to seasonal changes of the environment. Information about the prevailing season can be transmitted in utero, leading to the adaptation of the offspring to the prevailing season. After birth, animals acquire additional personal information about the environment, which allows them to adjust their reproductive investment. Here, we tested in a full-factorial match–mismatch experiment the influence of reproductive adjustments according to maternal and personal information. We bred wild cavies (Cavia aperea), a precocial rodent, either into increasing (spring) or decreasing (autumn) photoperiod and, subsequently, after weaning, transferred female offspring to the matching or mismatching season. We measured growth, specific metabolic rate (sRMR) and reproductive events across six months. Although sRMR was elevated for females primed for good (spring) conditions when transferred to the mismatching autumn condition, we found no maternal effects on reproduction. Females adjusted their reproductive decisions according to the season they personally experienced, thereby implying a potentially high level of plasticity. Females reproducing in spring started reproduction earlier with a lower reproductive effort than females reproducing in autumn but, ultimately, the two groups did not differ in survival, growth, or reproduction. These data suggest important developmental plasticity, highlight the use of personal information acquired after weaning over early information provided until weaning, and point out the potential value of multiple cues, such as food abundance and quality and temperature besides photoperiod.
The functional role of sibling aggression and “best of a bad job” strategies in cichlid juveniles
Authors: Satoh Shun , Nishida Yuusuke , Saeki Taiga , Kawasaka Kento , Kohda Masanori , Awata Satoshi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSiblings often compete for limited resources, such as food provided by their parents. However, although several functions of nonlethal sibling (nonsiblicidal) aggression have been proposed, there is currently little empirical evidence for these, apart from food monopolization. Here, we investigated the functions of nonlethal sibling aggression in the biparental-caring territorial herbivorous cichlid Varibilichromis moorii. We found that the juveniles of this species are highly aggressive and that larger juveniles are more aggressive toward their smaller siblings. Larger juveniles feed on algae more frequently than smaller siblings, thereby indicating a dominance hierarchy. Sibling aggression decreased when algae in the nest was experimentally removed. Furthermore, the removal of smaller juveniles decreased sibling aggression among the remaining larger juveniles, whereas the removal of larger juveniles increased aggression among smaller juveniles. The algal feeding rate of juveniles only increased when larger individuals were removed from the nest. Moreover, larger juveniles attained higher growth rates and remained in natal nests longer than smaller individuals. Our results indicate that sibling aggression may facilitate the monopolization of resources by larger juveniles and extend the parental care period. Interestingly, a small subset of juveniles was observed to migrate to other nests. These juveniles were larger than those of the host brood, and their growth rate increased within the new nests. We suggest that subordinate juveniles may disperse from natal nests and sneak into new nests to enhance their rank, which may represent a novel example of a “best of a bad job” strategy associated with sibling competition.
Concomitant diabetes with atrial fibrillation and anticoagulation management considerations
Authors: Kreutz Reinhold , Camm A John , Rossing Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is a highly prevalent cardiac arrhythmia. It is associated with numerous co mobilities. Approximately 30% of diabetic patients have atrial fibrillation and 15% of atrial fibrillation regulation patients have diabetes mellitus. Diabetes increases the likelihood of the development of atrial fibrillation and contributes to the high risk of thromboembolism seen in patients with both diabetes and atrial fibrillation. Chronic kidney disease is often a consequence of diabetes and presents an additional challenge to the management of patients with both atrial fibrillation and diabetes. All non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants are partially eliminated via the kidney and must be carefully prescribed according to strict dosing schedules to avoid anticoagulation overdose. However, NOACs have the advantage of being associated with less progressive impairment of renal function compared with vitamin K antagonist therapy in both diabetics and non-diabetics. Otherwise, diabetic patients benefit from NOAC therapy as opposed to vitamin K antagonists to a similar extent as patients without diabetes. This review deals with anticoagulation treatment in patients with fibrillation and diabetes mellitus, often complicated by progressive renal impairment.
Glyco-engineered HEK 293-F cell lines for the production of therapeutic glycoproteins with humanN-glycosylation and improved pharmacokinetics
Authors: Uhler Rico , Popa-Wagner Ruth , Kröning Mario , Brehm Anja , Rennert Paul , Seifried Annegrit , Peschke Madeleine , Krieger Markus , Kohla Guido , Kannicht Christoph , Wiedemann Philipp , Hafner Mathias , Rosenlöcher Julia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractN-glycosylated proteins produced in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cells often carry terminal N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and only low levels of sialylation. On therapeutic proteins, such N-glycans often trigger rapid clearance from the patient's bloodstream via efficient binding to asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) and mannose receptor (MR). This currently limits the use of HEK 293 cells for therapeutic protein production. To eliminate terminal GalNAc, we knocked-out GalNAc transferases B4GALNT3 and B4GALNT4 by CRISPR/Cas9 in FreeStyle 293-F cells. The resulting cell line produced a coagulation factor VII-albumin fusion protein without GalNAc but with increased sialylation. This glyco-engineered protein bound less efficiently to both the ASGP-R and MR in vitro and it showed improved recovery, terminal half-life and area under the curve in pharmacokinetic rat experiments. By overexpressing sialyltransferases ST6GAL1 and ST3GAL6 in B4GALNT3 and B4GALNT4 knock-out cells, we further increased factor VII-albumin sialylation; for ST6GAL1 even to the level of human plasma-derived factor VII. Simultaneous knock-out of B4GALNT3 and B4GALNT4 and overexpression of ST6GAL1 further lowered factor VII-albumin binding to ASGP-R and MR. This novel glyco-engineered cell line is well-suited for the production of factor VII-albumin and presumably other therapeutic proteins with fully human N-glycosylation and superior pharmacokinetic properties.
Innovating the Personalization of Stratified Survivorship Care Pathways: Using a Cancer Data Ecosystem to Improve Care Access, Outcomes, Efficiency, and Costs
Authors: Alfano Catherine M , Suarez-Almazor Maria , Rodriguez Maria Alma , Palos Guadalupe R , Gilmore Katherine R 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNew models of survivorship care are needed that improve outcomes for the growing number of cancer survivors, address the increasing complexity of their health needs, and deal with the shortage of clinicians and rising costs of this care. Technology can aid the delivery of personalized, stratified survivorship care pathways where the intensity of care, the care setting, and the providers required for that care vary with survivors’ needs. Building a cancer data ecosystem of connected data streams that supports and learns from each patient can be used to streamline care, enhance efficiency, reduce costs, and facilitate research. This manuscript describes the input, analytics, and output components of the cancer data ecosystem that must be built and connected and also provides a real-world use case of how such a system could transform care in a large US comprehensive cancer center.