bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learn from your environment: A visual literacy learning model
Authors: Guinibert Matthew 
Published: September 2020

Based on the presupposition that visual literacy skills are not usually learned unaided by osmosis, but require targeted learning support, this article explores how everyday encounters with visuals can be leveraged as contingent learning opportunities. The author proposes that a learner’s environment can become a visual learning space if appropriate learning support is provided. This learning support may be delivered via the anytime and anywhere capabilities of mobile learning (m-learning), which facilitates peer learning in informal settings. The study propositioned a rhizomatic m-learning model of visual skills that describes how the visuals one encounters in their physical everyday environment can be leveraged as visual literacy learning opportunities. The model was arrived at by following an approach based on heuristic inquiry and user-centred design, including testing prototypes with representative learners. The model describes one means visual literacy could be achieved by novice learners from contingent learning encounters in informal learning environments, through collaboration and by providing context-aware learning support. Such a model shifts the onus of visual literacy learning away from academic programmes and, in this way, opens an alternative pathway for the learning of visual skills.

Implications for practice or policy:

This research proposes a means for learners to leverage visuals they encounter in their physical everyday environment as visual literacy learning opportunities.
M-learning software developers may find the pedagogical model useful in informing their own software.
Educators teaching visual skills may find application of the learning model’s pedagogical assumptions in isolation in their own formal learning settings.
Leibniz and the ‘petites réflexions’
Authors: Bender Sebastian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this article, I defend the thesis that Leibniz’s rational substances always have higher-order perceptions, even when they are, say, in a dreamless sleep. I argue that without this assumption, Leibniz’s conception of reflection would introduce discontinuities into his philosophy of mind which (given his Principle of Continuity) he cannot allow. This interpretation does not imply, however, that rational beings must be aware of these higher-order states at all times. In fact, these states are often unconscious or ‘small’ (analogous to Leibniz’s famous petites perceptions) and only count as reflections when they become distinct or heightened enough. Reflections thus arise out of ‘petites réflexions’ just as conscious perceptions arise out of petites perceptions. I argue, furthermore, that an analysis of some aspects of Leibniz’s theory of memory shows that he is not only committed to the thesis that rational beings always have higher-order states but that he also accepts it. I conclude by considering whether my interpretation is at odds with Leibniz’s doctrine of transcreation and also whether it has any consequences for which theory of consciousness we should ascribe to Leibniz.
Marginal quantile regression for longitudinal data analysis in the presence of time-dependent covariates
Authors: Chen I-Chen , Westgate Philip M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhen observations are correlated, modeling the within-subject correlation structure using quantile regression for longitudinal data can be difficult unless a working independence structure is utilized. Although this approach ensures consistent estimators of the regression coefficients, it may result in less efficient regression parameter estimation when data are highly correlated. Therefore, several marginal quantile regression methods have been proposed to improve parameter estimation. In a longitudinal study some of the covariates may change their values over time, and the topic of time-dependent covariate has not been explored in the marginal quantile literature. As a result, we propose an approach for marginal quantile regression in the presence of time-dependent covariates, which includes a strategy to select a working type of time-dependency. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that our proposed method has the potential to improve power relative to the independence estimating equations approach due to the reduction of mean squared error.
Convexity properties of the normalized Steklov zeta function of a planar domain
Authors: Jollivet Alexandre 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We consider the zeta function

ζ
Ω

\zeta_{\Omega}

for the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator of a simply connected planar domain Ω bounded by a smooth closed curve of perimeter

2
⁢
π

2\pi

.
We name the difference

ζ
Ω

-

ζ
D

\zeta_{\Omega}-\zeta_{\mathbb{D}}

the normalized Steklov zeta function of the domain Ω, where 𝔻 denotes the closed unit disk.
We prove that

(

ζ
Ω

-

ζ
D

)

′′

⁢

(
0
)

≥
0

(\zeta_{\Omega}-\zeta_{\mathbb{D}})^{\prime\prime}(0)\geq 0

with equality if and only if Ω is a disk.
We also provide an elementary proof that, for a fixed real 𝑠 satisfying

s
≤

-
1

s\leq-1

, the estimate

(

ζ
Ω

-

ζ
D

)

′′

⁢

(
s
)

≥
0

(\zeta_{\Omega}-\zeta_{\mathbb{D}})^{\prime\prime}(s)\geq 0

holds with equality if and only if Ω is a disk.
We then bring examples of domains Ω close to the unit disk where this estimate fails to be extended to the interval

(
0
,
2
)

(0,2)

.
Other computations related to previous works are also detailed in the remaining part of the text.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the perinatal mental health of women
Authors: Farrell Tom , Reagu Shuja , Mohan Suruchi , Elmidany Riham , Qaddoura Feras , Ahmed Ebtehag Elfadil , Corbett Gillian , Lindow Stephen , Abuyaqoub Salwa Mohammed , Alabdulla Majid Ali 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The physical health impact of the coronavirus disease infection (COVID-19) has received attention worldwide; however, data around the psychological impact of the pandemic is still emerging and little has been reported on psychological effects among vulnerable groups. This study was undertaken with the aim of studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions on perinatal mental health among women in Qatar.

Methods
A cross- sectional survey of women accessing maternity services in Qatar was carried out during the months of June and July 2020 at the local peak of the pandemic. Background data including relevant demographic details, pregnancy and mental health history, concerns, as well as helpful stress-reducing factors reported by women was collected. Depression and anxiety symptomatology was studied using the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS).

Results
The survey results revealed a high prevalence of anxiety and Depressive symptomatology (34.4 and 39.2% respectively), based on PHQ-ADS scoring. These rates appeared much higher than the reported pre-pandemic prevalence and were not affected by occupation, previous mental health problems or pregnancy complications. Women’s most commonly reported concerns as well as coping factors are discussed.

Conclusions
Results indicate a marked increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, among pregnant and puerperal individuals, who constitute a vulnerable group with respect to mental health morbidity. These findings can be used to inform public health interventions, among which, consideration should be given to routine mental health screening of vulnerable groups during major health crises.
Actuality bias in verb learning: The case of sublexically modal transfer verbs
Authors: Kazanina Nina , Baker Sara , Seddon Hayley 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe study investigates semantic development of sublexically modal verbs of transfer,throwandsend, in English-speaking children. For adults, sublexical modality of these verbs can be seen in the fact that the subevent of transfer of the object to the recipient need not take place in the actual world, e.g.Mary sent/threw a book to Johndoes not entail a successful transfer of the book to John. Yet in two experiments (Experiment 1: 3–4 year-olds,N = 59; Experiment 2: 3–6 year olds,N = 120) young English-speaking children often misinterpretedMary sent a book to Johnas entailing successful transfer. We show that such non-adultlike interpretations were present despite the children’s conceptual ability to entertain possible worlds. We propose that children may initially construct verb meanings on the basis of actual events, and later adjust them to include a modal component.
Must Realists Be Pessimists About Democracy? Responding to Epistemic and Oligarchic Challenges
Authors: Arlen Gordon , Rossi Enzo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper we show how a realistic normative democratic theory can work within the constraints set by the most pessimistic empirical results about voting behaviour and elite capture of the policy process. After setting out the empirical evidence and discussing some extant responses by political theorists, we argue that the evidence produces a two-pronged challenge for democracy: an epistemic challenge concerning the quality and focus of decision-making and an oligarchic challenge concerning power concentration. To address the challenges we then put forward three main normative claims, each of which is compatible with the evidence. We start with (1) a critique of the epistocratic position commonly thought to be supported by the evidence. We then introduce (2) a qualified critique of referenda and other forms of plebiscite, and (3) an outline of a tribune-based system of popular control over oligarchic influence on the policy process. Our discussion points towards a renewal of democracy in a plebeian but not plebiscitarian direction: Attention to the relative power of social classes matters more than formal dispersal of power through voting. We close with some methodological reflections about the compatibility between our normative claims and the realist program in political philosophy.
Homogeneous quantum cascade lasers operating as terahertz frequency combs over their entire operational regime
Authors: Di Gaspare Alessandra , Viti Leonardo , Beere Harvey E. , Ritchie David D. , Vitiello Miriam S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report a homogeneous quantum cascade laser (QCL) emitting at terahertz (THz) frequencies, with a total spectral emission of about 0.6 THz, centered around 3.3 THz, a current density dynamic range Jdr = 1.53, and a continuous wave output power of 7 mW. The analysis of the intermode beatnote unveils that the devised laser operates as an optical frequency comb (FC) synthesizer over the whole laser operational regime, with up to 36 optically active laser modes delivering ∼200 µW of optical power per optical mode, a power level unreached so far in any THz QCL FC. A stable and narrow single beatnote, reaching a minimum linewidth of about 500 Hz, is observed over a current density range of 240 A/cm2 and even across the negative differential resistance region. We further prove that the QCL FC can be injection locked with moderate radio frequency power at the intermode beatnote frequency, covering a locking range of 1.2 MHz. The demonstration of stable FC operation, in a QCL, over the full current density dynamic range, and without any external dispersion compensation mechanism, makes our proposed homogenous THz QCL an ideal tool for metrological applications requiring mode-hop electrical tunability and a tight control of the frequency and phase jitter.
Sine Topp-Leone-G family of distributions: Theory and applications
Authors: Al-Babtain Abdulhakim A. , Elbatal Ibrahim , Chesneau Christophe , Elgarhy Mohammed 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent studies have highlighted the statistical relevance and applicability of trigonometric distributions for the modeling of various phenomena. This paper contributes to the subject by investigating a new trigonometric family of distributions defined from the alliance of the families known as sine-G and Topp-Leone generated (TL-G), inspiring the name of sine TL-G family. The characteristics of this new family are studied through analytical, graphical and numerical approaches. Stochastic ordering and equivalence results, determination of the mode(s), some expansions of distributional functions, expressions of the quantile function and moments and basics on order statistics are discussed. In addition, we emphasize the fact that the sine TL-G family is able to generate original, simple and pliant trigonometric models for statistical purposes, beyond the capacity of the former sine-G models and other top models of the literature. This fact is revealed with the special three-parameter sine TL-G model based on the inverse Lomax model, through an efficient parametric estimation and the adjustment of two data sets of interest.
Sales – Response Model in Marketing Revisited in the Times of Uncertainty and Global Turmoil
Authors: Roy Debasish 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The marketing performance models, regardless of their nature and applications, should ultimately lead to creation of cash flows efficiently. This common objective emphasizes on a basic proposition: the output (dependent) variable must be intrinsically correlated to the financial behavior of the firm at the micro level. The four criteria for marketing performance and evaluation are Financial relevance, Actionable, Stable behavior, and Reliable long-term guidance respectively. By using those four criteria as the cornerstone, the Core Sales – Response Model was formulated under the Process perspective (the marketing procedure which helps to generate cash flows along with other antecedents of financial performance). This research paper is aimed at restructuring the fundamental Sales – Response model with the dependent variable Sales and three independent variables, namely, Marketing Support, Firm – controlled factors, and Uncontrolled factors in view of uncertainties related to global turmoil and widespread economic recession into a three – dimensional model by dropping ‘Marketing Support’ to fit the foundation of mathematical chaos theory and try to test its impact in the real world scenario by two ways: first, whether it can accurately define the current nature of functioning of a business firm under chaotic business environment, and second, given the condition of chaos; if the firm fails to prove its stability, what actions should be taken to stabilize its position in the feasible space. In order to serve the purposes, the manufacturing giant Apple, Inc. ® has been considered as the sample firm for the time – series study of 10 years (2009–2018).
Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the deformable cement adhesives
Authors: Karpiesiuk Jacek , Chyzy Tadeusz 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article outlines the methods, which has designated Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio of deformable cement adhesives. These indicators are necessary for the strength calculation of the lightweight floor systems (LFS), that do not require screeds with and without heating, using the finite element method. It was noticed that the diagrams of the dependence the stress on deformation in deformable cement adhesives are similar to the model of the ‘Madrid parabola’ used in testing concrete and cement mortar. In order to determine that the theory of ‘Madrid parabola’ is correct, calculations were performed using the least amount of squares approximation method. The data of the experimental studies combined with the formula calculations, allowed the study to achieve a reliable result, together to determine whether the theory of relative approximation is correct or not. All these actions have allowed determining the smallest deformations εc

2 in deformable cement adhesives type C2S1 and C2S2 and their compressive strength. Thanks, these two methods (experimental and calculation) the functions describing deformable cement adhesives are defined. They were named S1 and S2 Evola and can be used by designers and producers of floor systems that do not require screeds.
Design and synthesis of novel n-butyphthalide derivatives as promising botanical fungicides
Authors: Luo Zhongfu , Deng Yu , Luo Bilan , Li Yong , Lan Qing , Fan Judi , Xue Wei , Tang Lei , Fan Lingling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to obtain novel botanical fungicides, three series of novel 6-substituted n-butyphthalide derivatives have been designed and synthesized via nucleophilic addition, reduction, nitrification, amination, sulfonation, Sandmeyer and Suzuki reaction. The mycelium growth rate method was used to evaluate the inhibition activity against eight phytopathogenic fungi in vitro. Preliminary bioassay tests showed that compounds 6f, 6n, 6p, 6r and 7a exhibited better activity for some fungi at 50 μg/mL than the positive drug hymexazol and lead compound n-butyphthalide (NBP). The preliminary structure–activity relationships indicated that the antifungal activity is significantly affected by the substituents on the benzene ring.
A Comparison of Two Methods for Measuring the Chloride Ion Permeability of Concrete
Authors: Detwiler RJ , Fapohunda CA 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The AASHTO T 277 test (recently adopted as ASTM C 1202) for chloride permeability is widely used. However, a number of researchers have criticized it for various reasons: (1) it is sensitive to differences in pore solution chemistry and therefore exaggerates the effectiveness of supplementary cementing materials in reducing permeability; (2) the relation between electrical conductivity and ion diffusion varies with the type of diffusion, making the test sensitive to small defects in the concrete; and (3) the measurement is taken before steady-state flow is achieved. This paper reports the results of parallel tests on 18 different concretes using both AASHTO T 277 and a modified version called the Norwegian test. The latter test provides a direct measure of the migration of chloride ions over time. The results show that although both tests lead to the same broad conclusions, they do not rank a series of concretes in the same order. The differences can be attributed largely to differences in pore solution chemistry. However, the AASHTO T 277 test has several advantages over the Norwegian test. Provided the results are interpreted correctly, it could be the more appropriate method in many cases.
Formulation Policy of Weekend Detention In Indonesia Criminal Law Reform
Authors: Hidayat Muhammad Thaufik , Widyawati Anis 
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to explain and describe how the formulation policy of weekend detention in Indonesia's positive law and how the formulation policy of weekend detention in the Indonesian criminal law reform in the future (ius constituendum). This research uses normative juridical method of research which is legal research conducted by examining the library material in the form of secondary data such as law or library material as well as other documents that support and data retrieval technique used is library research techniques and analysis of data used is interactive analysis model. The results showed that (1) criminal formulation policy the weekend detention in Indonesia's positive law of the arrangement in the correctional Institution is not regulated about the policy of weekend detention. However, in Indonesian positive law formulation has an assimilation program which is one of the programs in the actual criminal implementation almost resembles a weekend detention system. (2) The policy formulation of the weekend detention in the renewal of Indonesian criminal law (penal policy) can be done by the study of the law comparative countries such as France, Portugal, Vanuatu, Queensland and New South Wales that have implemented a relatively advanced prison system that is the weekend detention. The formulation of weekend detention that is expected to be valid in Indonesia in the future is to develop it firmly in the draft Penal code and paste it in article 65 the Draft Penal code or if the government is about to arrange codification in the law of criminal implementation, the weekend detention is entered in one of the types of criminal sanctions.
Molecular profile of Hürthle cell carcinomas: recurrent mutations in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Santana Nathalie Oliveira , Lerario Antonio Marcondes , Schmerling Cláudia Kliemann , Marui Suemi , Alves Venancio Avancini Ferreira , Hoff Ana O , Kopp Peter , Danilovic Debora Lucia Seguro 
Published: September 2020

Objective
Genomic alterations in Hürthle cell carcinomas (HCC) include chromosomal losses, mitochondrial DNA mutations, and changes in the expression profile of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. This study aimed at characterizing the mutational profile of HCC.

Methods
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 40 HCC using a 102-gene panel including, among others, the MAPK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch pathways. HCC was widely invasive in 57.5%, and lymph node and distant metastases were diagnosed in 5% and 7.5% of cases. During follow-up, 10% of patients presented with persistent/recurrent disease, but there were no cancer-related deaths.

Results
Genetic alterations were identified in 47.5% of HCC and comprised 190 single-nucleotide variants and 5 insertions/deletions. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway was most frequently affected (30%), followed by MAPK (27.5%) and PI3K-AKT-mTOR (25%). FAT1 and APC were the most frequently mutated genes and present in 17.5%. RAS mutations were present in 12.5% but no BRAF mutation was found. There was no association between the mutational profile and clinicopathological features.

Conclusions
This series of HCC presents a wide range of mutations in the Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathways. The recurrent involvement of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, particularly mutations in APC and FAT1, are of particular interest. The data suggest that mutated FAT1 may represent a potential novel driver in HCC tumorigenesis and that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a critical role in this distinct thyroid malignancy.
Prediction of hyperaldosteronism subtypes when adrenal vein sampling is unilaterally successful
Authors: Burrello Jacopo , Burrello Alessio , Pieroni Jacopo , Sconfienza Elisa , Forestiero Vittorio , Amongero Martina , Rossato Denis , Veglio Franco , Williams Tracy A , Monticone Silvia , Mulatero Paolo 
Published: September 2020

Objective
Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is the gold standard to discriminate patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism (UPA) from bilateral disease (BPA). AVS is technically demanding and in cases of unsuccessful cannulation of adrenal veins, the results may not always be interpreted. The aim of our study was to develop diagnostic models to distinguish UPA from BPA, in cases of unilateral successful AVS and the presence of contralateral suppression of aldosterone secretion.

Design
Retrospective evaluation of 158 patients referred to a tertiary hypertension unit who underwent AVS. We randomly assigned 110 patients to a training cohort and 48 patients to a validation cohort to develop and test the diagnostic models.

Methods
Supervised machine learning algorithms and regression models were used to develop and validate two prediction models and a simple 19-point score system to stratify patients according to their subtype diagnosis.

Results
Aldosterone levels at screening and after confirmatory testing, lowest potassium, ipsilateral and contralateral imaging findings at CT scanning, and contralateral ratio at AVS, were associated with a diagnosis of UPA and were included in the diagnostic models. Machine learning algorithms correctly classified the majority of patients both at training and validation (accuracy: 82.9–95.7%). The score system displayed a sensitivity/specificity of 95.2/96.9%, with an AUC of 0.971. A flow-chart integrating our score correctly managed all patients except 3 (98.1% accuracy), avoiding the potential repetition of 77.2% of AVS procedures.

Conclusions
Our score could be integrated in clinical practice and guide surgical decision-making in patients with unilateral successful AVS and contralateral suppression.