bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A screening-level assessment of the pollinator-attractiveness of ornamental nursery stock using a honey bee foraging assay
Authors: Sponsler Douglas B. , Grozinger Christina M. , Richardson Rodney T. , Nurse Andrea , Brough Dalton , Patch Harland M. , Stoner Kimberly A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn urban and suburban landscapes characterized by extensive designed greenspaces, the support of pollinator communities hinges significantly on floral resources provided by ornamental plants. The attractiveness of ornamental plants to pollinators, however, cannot be presumed, and some studies suggest that a majority of ornamental plant varieties receive little or no pollinator visitation. Here, we harness the sampling power of the western honey bee, a generalist pollinator whose diet breadth overlaps substantially with that of other pollinators, to survey the utilization of ornamental plants grown at three commercial nurseries in Connecticut, USA. Using a combination of DNA metabarcoding and microscopy, we identify, to genus-level, pollen samples from honey bee colonies placed within each nursery, and we compare our results with nursery plant inventories to identify the subset of cultivated genera that were visited during pollen foraging. Samples were collected weekly from May to September, encompassing the majority of the growing season. Our findings show that some plant genera known to be cultivated as ornamentals in our system, particularly ornamental trees and shrubs (e.g.Hydrangea,Rosa,Spiraea,Syringa,Viburnum), functioned as major pollen sources, but the majority of plants inventoried at our nurseries provided little or no pollen to honey bees. These results are in agreement with a growing body of literature highlighting the special importance of woody plants as resources for flower-visiting insects. We encourage further exploration of the genera highlighted in our data as potential components of pollinator-friendly ornamental greenspace.
Capsid-specific removal of circulating antibodies to adeno-associated virus vectors
Authors: Bertin Berangere , Veron Philippe , Leborgne Christian , Deschamps Jack-Yves , Moullec Sophie , Fromes Yves , Collaud Fanny , Boutin Sylvie , Latournerie Virginie , van Wittenberghe Laetitia , Delache Benoit , Le Grand Roger , Dereuddre-Bosquet Nathalie , Benveniste Olivier , Moullier Philippe , Masurier Carole , Merten Otto , Mingozzi Federico 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNeutralizing antibodies directed against adeno-associated virus (AAV) are commonly found in humans. In seropositive subjects, vector administration is not feasible as antibodies neutralize AAV vectors even at low titers. Consequently, a relatively large proportion of humans is excluded from enrollment in clinical trials and, similarly, vector redosing is not feasible because of development of high-titer antibodies following AAV vector administration. Plasmapheresis has been proposed as strategy to remove anti-AAV antibodies from the bloodstream. Although safe and relatively effective, the technology has some limitations mainly related to the nonspecific removal of all circulating IgG. Here we developed an AAV-specific plasmapheresis column which was shown to efficiently and selectively deplete anti-AAV antibodies without depleting the total immunoglobulin pool from plasma. We showed the nearly complete removal of anti-AAV antibodies from high titer purified human IgG pools and plasma samples, decreasing titers to levels that allow AAV vector administration in mice. These results provide proof-of-concept of a method for the AAV-specific depletion of neutralizing antibodies in the setting of in vivo gene transfer.
Introducing national osteopathy practice-based research networks in Australia and New Zealand: an overview to inform future osteopathic research
Authors: Steel Amie , Peng Wenbo , Sibbritt David , Adams Jon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBoth the Osteopathic Research Innovation Network (ORION) and the Osteopathy Research Connect-New Zealand (ORC-NZ) are practice-based research networks (PBRNs) recently established in Australia and New Zealand. This paper highlights the profile of the osteopaths participating in each PBRN in order to encourage and facilitate further related research in osteopathy. All registered osteopaths in Australia and New Zealand were invited to participate in the ORION and ORC-NZ PBRNs, respectively. This paper presents practice and sociodemographic characteristics of the osteopaths that elected to join the PBRN in their country. A total of 253 registered osteopaths in New Zealand (48.7%) agreed to join ORC-NZ while 992 registered osteopaths in Australia (44.5%) joined ORION. Membership of both PBRNs reflect national geographical spread, and diverse personal and practice characteristics. Combined membership of both PBRNs represents 45.3% of all registered osteopaths in Australasia and 7.7% of the global osteopathic profession. The PBRNs, independently and in combination, hold much potential to advance the evidence-base and capacity of osteopathy research. Both ORION and ORC-NZ PBRNs are powerful, innovative resources available to other interested parties to help conduct further osteopathy research in Australia and New Zealand.
Microstructural evolution during heating of CNT/Metal Matrix Composites processed by Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Aristizabal Katherine , Katzensteiner Andreas , Bachmaier Andrea , Mücklich Frank , Suárez Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCarbon nanotube reinforced nickel matrix composites (Ni/CNT) with different CNT compositions were fabricated by solid state processing and subjected to severe plastic deformation (SPD) by means of high pressure torsion (HPT). A thorough study on the microstructural changes during heating and on the thermal stability was performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). Furthermore, the formation and dissolution of the metastable nickel carbide Ni3C phase was evidenced by DSC and HT-XRD in composites, where sufficient carbon atoms are available, as a consequence of irreversible damage on the CNT introduced by HPT. Finally, it was shown that the composites exhibited an improved thermal stability with respect to nickel samples processed under the same conditions, with a final grain size dependent on the CNT volume fraction according to a VCNT−1/3 relationship and that lied within the ultrafine grained range.
Identification of growth stage-specific watering thresholds for drought screening in Solanum aethiopicum Shum
Authors: Nakanwagi Mildred Julian , Sseremba Godfrey , Kabod Nahamya Pamela , Masanza Michael , Kizito Elizabeth Balyejusa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEffective phenotyping for drought resistance is a pre-requisite for identification of modest crop varieties for farmers. For neglected and underutilized crops such as Solanum aethiopicum Shum group, no drought screening protocol based on rigorous iterations has been documented. A split-plot nested treatment structure was arranged in an experiment to identify growth stage-specific watering thresholds for this crop. Three plant growth stages (main plot; seedling, vegetative and flowering), watering regime at plant growth stage (2 regimes; well-watered and drought stressed) and day since last watering at plant growth stage were evaluated for soil moisture content (SMC), leaf wilting score (LWS), number of green leaves per plant (LPP) and leaf blade width (LBW). Highly significant differences (p < 0.001) were found at the different plant growth stages, watering regime (WR) within plant growth stage, and day within WR and plant growth stage. Under drought stress treatment, SMC declined exponentially at each stage. The earliest leaf wilting, reduction in LPP and LBW were generally observed at flowering followed by vegetative and slowest at the seedling stage. For future effective drought phenotyping studies in S. aethiopicum Shum and related crops, we recommend setting minimum drought stress treatments below 18% SMC at which the LWS is ≥2 at the vegetative.
Mice adaptively generate choice variability in a deterministic task
Authors: Belkaid Marwen , Bousseyrol Elise , Durand-de Cuttoli Romain , Dongelmans Malou , Duranté Etienne K. , Ahmed Yahia Tarek , Didienne Steve , Hanesse Bernadette , Come Maxime , Mourot Alexandre , Naudé Jérémie , Sigaud Olivier , Faure Philippe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCan decisions be made solely by chance? Can variability be intrinsic to the decision-maker or is it inherited from environmental conditions? To investigate these questions, we designed a deterministic setting in which mice are rewarded for non-repetitive choice sequences, and modeled the experiment using reinforcement learning. We found that mice progressively increased their choice variability. Although an optimal strategy based on sequences learning was theoretically possible and would be more rewarding, animals used a pseudo-random selection which ensures high success rate. This was not the case if the animal is exposed to a uniform probabilistic reward delivery. We also show that mice were blind to changes in the temporal structure of reward delivery once they learned to choose at random. Overall, our results demonstrate that a decision-making process can self-generate variability and randomness, even when the rules governing reward delivery are neither stochastic nor volatile.
Two-tone distortion in reticular lamina vibration of the living cochlea
Authors: Ren Tianying , He Wenxuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that isolated auditory sensory cells, outer hair cells, can generate distortion products at low frequencies. It remains unknown, however, whether or not motile outer hair cells are able to generate two-tone distortion at high frequencies in living cochleae under the mechanical loads caused by surounding tissues and fluids. By measuring sub-nanometer vibration directly from the apical ends of outer hair cells using a custom-built heterodyne low-coherence interferometer, here we show outer hair cell-generated two-tone distortion in reticular lamina motion in the living cochlea. Reticular-lamina distortion is significantly greater and occurs at a broader frequency range than that of the basilar membrane. Contrary to expectations, our results indicate that motile outer hair cells are capable of generating two-tone distortion in vivo not only at the locations tuned to primary tones but also at a broad region basal to these locations.
The OTELO survey
Authors: Bongiovanni Ángel , Ramón-Pérez Marina , Pérez García Ana María , Cerviño Miguel , Cepa Jordi , Nadolny Jakub , Pérez Martínez Ricardo , Alfaro Emilio J. , Castañeda Héctor O. , Cedrés Bernabé , de Diego José A. , Ederoclite Alessandro , Fernández-Lorenzo Mirian , Gallego Jesús , de Jesús González José , González-Serrano José Ignacio , Lara-López Maritza A. , Oteo Gómez Iván , Padilla Torres Carmen P. , Pintos-Castro Irene , Pović Mirjana , Sánchez-Portal Miguel , Heath Jones D. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Cabrera-Lavers Antonio 
Published: January 2020

Context.The OSIRIS Tunable Filter Emission Line Object (OTELO) survey is a very deep, blind exploration of a selected region of the Extended Groth Strip and is designed for finding emission-line sources (ELSs). The survey design, observations, data reduction, astrometry, and photometry, as well as the correlation with ancillary data used to obtain a final catalogue, including photo-zestimates and a preliminary selection of ELS, were described in a previous contribution.Aims.Here, we aim to determine the main properties and luminosity function (LF) of the [O III] ELS sample of OTELO as a scientific demonstration of its capabilities, advantages, and complementarity with respect to other surveys.Methods.The selection and analysis procedures of ELS candidates obtained using tunable filter pseudo-spectra are described. We performed simulations in the parameter space of the survey to obtain emission-line detection probabilities. Relevant characteristics of [O III] emitters and the LF ([O III]), including the main selection biases and uncertainties, are presented.Results.From 541 preliminary emission-line source candidates selected aroundz = 0.8, a total of 184 sources were confirmed as [O III] emitters. Consistent with simulations, the minimum detectable line flux and equivalent width in this ELS sample are ∼5 × 10−19erg s−1cm2and ∼6 Å, respectively. We are able to constrain the faint-end slope (α = −1.03 ± 0.08) of the observed LF ([O III]) at a mean redshift ofz = 0.83. This LF reaches values that are approximately ten times lower than those from other surveys. The vast majority (84%) of the morphologically classified [O III] ELSs are disc-like sources, and 87% of this sample is comprised of galaxies with stellar masses ofM⋆ <  1010M⊙.
Impact of a companion and of chromospheric emission on the shape of chromosome maps for globular clusters
Authors: Martins F. , Morin J. , Charbonnel C. , Lardo C. , Chantereau W. 
Published: January 2020

Context. Globular clusters (GCs) host multiple populations of stars that are well-separated in a photometric diagram – the chromosome map – built from specific Hubble Space Telescope (HST) filters. Stars from different populations feature at various locations on this diagram due to peculiar chemical compositions. Stars of the first population, with field star-like abundances, sometimes show an unexpected extended distribution in the chromosome map.
Aims. We aim to investigate the role of binaries and chromospheric emission on HST photometry of globular clusters’ stars. We quantify their respective effects on the position of stars in the chromosome map, especially among the first population.
Methods. We computed atmosphere models and synthetic spectra for stars of different chemical compositions, based on isochrones produced by stellar evolution calculations with abundance variations representative of first and second populations in GCs. From this we built synthetic chromosome maps for a mixture of stars of different chemical compositions. We subsequently replaced a fraction of stars with binaries, or stars with chromospheric emission, using synthetic spectroscopy. We studied how the position of stars is affected in the chromosome map.
Results. Binaries can, in principle, explain the extension of the first population in the chromosome map. However, we find that given the binary fraction reported for GCs, the density of stars in the extended part is too small. Another difficulty of the binary explanation is that the shape of the distribution of the first population in the chromosome map is different in clusters with similar binary fractions. Also, the decrease of the binary fraction with radius is not mirrored in the shape of the chromosome map. Additionally, we find that the contribution of chromospheric emission lines to the HST photometry is too small to have an observable impact on the shape of the chromosome map. Continuum chromospheric emission has an effect qualitatively similar to binaries.
Conclusions. We conclude that binaries do have an impact on the morphology of the chromosome map of GCs, but they are unlikely to explain entirely the shape of the extended distribution of the first population stars. Uncertainties in the properties of continuum chromospheric emission of stars in GCs prevent any quantitative conclusion. Therefore, the origin of the extended first population remains unexplained.
Utilization of a zero power reactor for examination of operator influence on reactor control
Authors: Bily Tomas , Alice Darbyshire , Huml Ondrej 
Published: January 2020

The reactor operator is an inseparable part of reactor safety and his actions influence the course of the reactor transients. Understanding the operator’s effect on reactor control thus contributes to the knowledge of the safe operation of nuclear reactors. Complementary to studies performed on simulators, or utilizing standard reactor or plant operational data, the dedicated experiments at research reactors can help to improve the insight into human aspects of reactor control. The potential of research reactors to study the human operator aspects of reactor control is broad; the related activities thus may also help to increase the utilization of research reactor facilities.
The paper summarizes the considerations that had to be assessed during the implementation of such experiments at the VR-1 research reactor from the viewpoint of the reactor facility. Further, it recapitulates the activities that have been performed in this field at the VR-1 reactor in the collaboration of the Czech Technical University in Prague with the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom in the previous years.
Estimation of fissile material content in irradiated In-Pile Sections using neutron coincidence counters
Authors: Rossa Riccardo , Borella Alessandro , Boden Sven , Broeckx Wouter 
Published: January 2020

A set of In-Pile Sections (IPS) has been irradiated in the BR2 reactor at SCK•CEN in Belgium during the 1970’s and 1980’s. The primary goal of the IPS was to replicate the thermo-hydraulic loop of a sodium-cooled fast reactor in order to study severe accident scenarios. The top part of the IPS contained the sodium-cooled loop whereas the lower part contained the fuel element. Due to the experimental conditions, the rupture of the fuel pins contained in the IPS occurred and fuel fragments may have been deposited in the rest of the IPS loop. The part of the IPS containing the fuel pins has been cut from the rest of the IPS and underwent post-irradiation examinations at specialized EU laboratories, while the top parts remained stored at SCK•CEN. To prepare for future transport, dismantling and conditioning, a reliable estimation of the total fissile content in the stored parts of the IPS is indispensable.
In this framework, two IPS were measured with a Canberra WM3400 neutron coincidence counter with customized electronics. The measurements of the IPS were challenging due their length (roughly 6 m) and intense gamma-ray radiation background. For each IPS an axial scan was carried out with a series of short measurements (600-700 s each) recording the Totals rate and Reals rate. Based on the results of the axial scans, measurements with longer measurement time were conducted for the axial positions with the larger values of Reals rates.
A system of equations was then established to quantify the 240Pu content in the different sections of the IPS from the Reals rates in each measurement position and account for cross-talk between the neutron emission associated to the different sections. A set of Monte Carlo simulations was carried out to estimate the probability to record a Real count in the detector due to spontaneous fission events occurring in a given section of the IPS. The 240Pu content in each section of the IPS was calculated by combining the measured Reals rates and the detection probabilities calculated with the simulations. The total fissile content in the IPS was then determined with scaling factors based on burnup calculations for the irradiated fuel assemblies in the IPS. The results indicate that both IPS measured with the neutron coincidence counters have a fissile content lower than the limit for transport. It is expected that the envisaged segmentation of the IPS in shorter sections required to fit into 200L drums will provide an additional safety margin on this limit.
Die primäre Radiusfrakturprothese bei nicht rekonstruierbaren osteoporotischen distalen Radiusfrakturen
Authors: Kaiser Peter , Arora Rohit 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel beschreibt die Anwendung der Cobra-Prothese zur Verwendung bei nicht-rekonstruierbaren distalen Radiusfrakturen. Es wird deren Einbau samt Fallballspiel dargestellt. Zudem wird die aktuelle Datenlage in der Literatur erörtert.
Effect of Lower Body Negative Pressure on Phase I Cardiovascular Responses at
Exercise Onset
Authors: Fagoni Nazzareno , Bruseghini Paolo , Adami Alessandra , Capelli Carlo , Lador Frederic , Moia Christian , Tam Enrico , Bringard Aurélien , Ferretti Guido 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe hypothesised that vagal withdrawal and increased venous return interact in determining the
rapid cardiac output (CO) response (phase I) at exercise onset. We used lower body negative
pressure (LBNP) to increase blood distribution to the heart by muscle pump action and reduce
resting vagal activity. We expected a larger increase in stroke volume (SV) and smaller for
heart rate (HR) at progressively stronger LBNP levels, therefore CO response would remain
unchanged. To this aim ten young, healthy males performed a 50 W exercise in supine
position at 0 (Control), −15, −30 and −45 mmHg LBNP exposure.
On single beat basis, we measured HR, SV, and CO. Oxygen uptake was measured breath-by-breath.
Phase I response amplitudes were obtained applying an exponential model. LBNP increased SV
response amplitude threefold from Control to −45 mmHg. HR response amplitude
tended to decrease and prevented changes in CO response. The rapid response of CO explained
that of oxygen uptake. The rapid SV kinetics at exercise onset is compatible with an increased
venous return, whereas the vagal withdrawal conjecture cannot be dismissed for HR. The rapid CO
response may indeed be the result of two independent yet parallel mechanisms, one acting on SV,
the other on HR.
Insulintherapie bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2: patientenzentriert, rechtzeitig, nutzen-risiko-bilanziert; Standortbestimmung 2019 nach dem ADA/EASD-Konsensus 2018
Authors: Hanefeld Markolf , Fleischmann Holger , Siegmund Thorsten , Seufert Jochen 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungErhöhte Blutzucker- und Fettsäurespiegel schädigen die residuale B-Zell-Regeneration und -Funktion (Glukolipotoxizität) und vermindern die Insulinempfindlichkeit von Muskulatur, Fettgewebe, Leber und Endothel der Gefäßwand. Chronische Hyperglykämie triggert in einem komplexen circulus vitiosus proatherogene und inflammatorische Prozesse, die die Morbidität und Mortalität erhöhen. Die rechtzeitige nutzen-risiko-basierte Therapie mit Insulin schützt nachhaltig die B-Zellen und kann die Progression des Diabetes wesentlich verzögern. Damit verbunden ist eine signifikante Senkung der Inzidenz diabetesbezogener Komplikationen. Langzeitstudien mit intensivierter Glykämiekontrolle und Insulin haben zu der Empfehlung geführt, den HbA1c-Wert von Anfang an unter 6,5–7,0 % zu halten, unter Vermeidung von Hypoglykämien. Die Zielkorridore für Blutzucker und HbA1c-Wert sollten an die individuelle Lebenssituation, eine realistische Einschätzung der Nutzen-Risiko-Bilanz und die Möglichkeiten des Patienten angepasst werden. Langwirksame Basalinsuline ermöglichen einen einfachen Einstieg in die Diabeteskontrolle zu jedem Zeitpunkt der Entgleisung. Dies gilt, wenn Metformin, orale duale oder Triple-Therapien und GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten nicht länger ausreichen, um die Zielkorridore für Blutzucker und HbA1c-Wert einzuhalten. Rechtzeitiger Einsatz von Insulin ist besonders indiziert für Subtypen mit schwerem Insulinmangel, Patienten mit diabetesbezogenen Komplikationen sowie Individuen mit chronischen Infekten und/oder Sarkopenie. Rechtzeitiger Einsatz von Insulin ist effektiver, sicherer und auch kostengünstiger, da dies hilft, Polypharmazie zu vermeiden.
Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome Type IX with Subfoveal Drusenoid Deposit
Authors: You Jong In , Bang Seul Ki , Yu Seung-Young , Jin Kyung Hyun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe describe a patient with oral-facial-digital syndrome (OFDS) with the following anomalies: cleft lip, cleft palate, micrognathia, hypertelorism, nasal septum deviation, thumb polydactyly in the right hand, and partial agenesis of the corpus callosum. In addition, the patient had optic disc coloboma in the left eye and subfoveal drusenoid deposit in the right eye, features of OFDS type IX. Subfoveal drusenoid deposit has not been previously reported in OFDS type IX. Evaluation of the fundus is necessary for diagnosis of OFDS.