bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges in English‐medium instruction (EMI) at a Japanese university
Authors: Toh Glenn 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper concerns English‐medium instruction (EMI) and begins with an overview of issues relating to EMI initiatives in higher education as documented in the literature. Following this, the case of a Japanese university's attempt to introduce EMI into the curriculum of a newly setup liberal arts faculty is discussed. Conclusions about challenges that can follow policy initiatives to introduce EMI are drawn from this discussion. Outcomes and implications of different ways of understanding and/or conceptualizing the role of English in higher education and EMI are examined critically. The issues surfaced have implications for EMI policy making and implementation, bearing in mind the negotiations that need to take place given the workings of opposing forces: (1) those which reify homogenizing discourses about language, power and education; versus (2) those which accommodate the contextually particularized aspects of teaching and learning and the characteristically heterogeneous and intersectional nature of teacher and learner subjectivities.
Risk analysis of alien plants recorded in thermal waters of Serbia
Authors: Zlatković B K , Bogosavljević S S 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis paper presents an overview of introduced alien plant species inhabiting natural thermal waters of Serbia. We recorded the presence of six naturalised aquatic plant species, also recognised as weeds in several regions of the world. This was the first time that Heteranthera zosterifolia (Pontederiaceae), Lemna minuta (Araceae) and Rotala rotundifolia (Lythraceae) were recorded in the aquatic ecosystems of Serbia. In addition, the presence of H. zosterifolia and R. rotundifolia was previously unknown in other countries of Southeastern Europe. The study includes detailed habitat descriptions and impact assessments for all introduced aquatic species in thermal waters in Serbia. All species were prioritised for pest risk analysis using a modified version of the EPPO prioritisation process within the framework of the EU regulation for invasive species. As a result, four alien species may be considered invasive (three at EU and one at national level), while two other species did not show strong invasiveness, but still need to be monitored. In addition, risk management measures were proposed for all invasive species from this study, and they may provide implications for the theory and practical management of weeds.
Investigating the Influence of Different Coating Surface Densities of Electrodes on Electrochemical Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Dang Yanping , Liu Wangyu , Xie Weigui , Qiu Weiping 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The anode and cathode pieces are vital components of lithium-ion batteries. The coating surface density of active material is a significant parameter involved during the fabrication of electrodes and has considerable impact on battery performance. In this paper, anode and cathode pieces are prepared with different surface densities within the allowable range. The anode and cathode pieces are first graded respectively and then matched up according to different surface density ranges. Afterward, the electrodes are assembled with commercial polypropylene separator in 18,650 cell case and infused with electrolyte. The cathode is constituted with a mixture of nickel cobalt manganese (NCM) ternary material and lithium manganese oxide coated on aluminum foil, while the anode is composed of graphite coated on copper foil. The electrochemical performance and safety properties were tested to investigate the influence of the coating surface density of electrodes and optimize the electrochemical performance by regulating the matching surface density of electrodes. The results indicate that larger surface density of both cathode and anode can provide better battery consistency, while smaller surface density can contribute to better specific capacity and smaller capacity loss after cycling. Modest cost and superior properties can be achieved for lithium-ion batteries by reasonably matching the surface density of anodes and cathodes pieces.
Determination of Simultaneous Steady-State Movements Using Blade Tip Timing Data
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Elsayed , Bonello Philip , Russhard Peter 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Blade tip timing (BTT) includes a number of uncertainties that discourage its use. One of the main ones is the shift in the equilibrium position of the blade tip due to steady (non-oscillatory) bending and/or twisting of the blade, and axial movement of the bladed disk (blisk)-shaft system. This results in a shift in the effective measurement position of the probe relative to the blade chord, resulting in errors in the tip vibration measurement which can translate to a huge error in the corresponding stress estimate, which relies on calibration against finite element (FE) models. Previous experimentally validated research by the authors introduced a method for quantifying steady movement of a single type (axial, lean, or untwist), using BTT data from not more than two probes. In this paper, a development of the previous method is presented that provides a solution for the case of simultaneous types of blade steady movements. Additional probes are used for determining the direction, but these can be placed at any angular positions. The developed method is validated using a BTT simulator of a blisk, and accurate results obtained. The simultaneous axial and lean movements can be accurately determined when the untwist is negligible, and an uncertainty level can be specified when the untwist is not negligible. The untwist itself can be calculated accurately in all cases of simultaneous movements. Guidelines for the use of the method in different scenarios are provided.
Preliminary Design of Small-Scale Supercritical CO2 Radial Inflow Turbines
Authors: Unglaube Tina , Chiang Hsiao-Wei D. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In recent years, supercritical CO2 (sCO2) Brayton cycles have drawn the attention of researchers due to their high cycle efficiencies, compact turbomachinery, and environmental friendliness. For small-scale cycles, radial inflow turbines (RIT) are the prevailing choice and one of the key components. A mean line design procedure for sCO2 RIT is developed and design space exploration conducted for a 100 kW-class turbine for a low-temperature waste-heat utilization sCO2 Brayton cycle. By varying the two design parameters, specific speed and velocity ratio, different turbine configurations are setup and compared numerically by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Results are analyzed to conclude on optimum design parameters with regard to turbine efficiency and expansion ratio. Specific speeds between 0.2 and 0.5 are recommended for sCO2 RIT with small though flow (3 kg/s). The higher the velocity ratio, the bigger the turbine expansion ratio. Pairs of optimum design parameters that effectuate maximum efficiency are identified, with smaller velocity ratios prevailing for smaller specific speeds. The turbine simulation results for sCO2 are compared to well-established recommendations for the design of RIT from literature, such as the Balje diagram. It is concluded that for the design of sCO2 RITs, the same principles can be used as for those for air turbines. By achieving total-to-static stage and rotor efficiencies of 84% and 86%, respectively, the developed mean line design procedure has proven to be an effective and easily applicable tool for the preliminary design of small-scale sCO2 RIT.
Daily Surface Solar Radiation Prediction Mapping Using Artificial Neural Network: The Case Study of Reunion Island
Authors: Li Peng , Bessafi Miloud , Morel Beatrice , Chabriat Jean-Pierre , Delsaut Mathieu , Li Qi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper focuses on the prediction of daily surface solar radiation maps for Reunion Island by a hybrid approach that combines principal component analysis (PCA), wavelet transform analysis, and artificial neural network (ANN). The daily surface solar radiation over 18 years (1999–2016) from CM SAF (SARAH-E with 0.05 deg × 0.05 deg spatial resolution) is first detrended using the clear sky index. Dimensionality reduction of the detrended dataset is secondly performed through PCA, which results in saving computational time by a factor of eight in comparison to not using PCA. A wavelet transform is thirdly applied onto each of the first 28 principal components (PCs) explaining 95% of the variance. The decomposed nine-wavelet components for each PC are fourthly used as input to an ANN model to perform the prediction of day-ahead surface solar radiation. The predicted decomposed components are finally returned to PCs and clear sky indices, irradiation in the end for re-mapping the surface solar radiation's distribution. It is found that the prediction accuracy is quite satisfying: root mean square error (RMSE) is 30.98 W/m2 and the (1 − RMSE_prediction/RMSE_persistence) is 0.409.
Validity of a Wrist-Worn Activity Monitor During Resistance Training Exercises at Different Movement Speeds
Authors: Conger Scott A. , Montoye Alexander H.K. , Anderson Olivia , Boss Danielle E. , Steeves Jeremy A. 
Published: October 2019

Speed of movement has been shown to affect the validity of physical activity (PA) monitors during locomotion. Speed of movement may also affect the validity of accelerometer-based PA monitors during other types of exercise. Purpose: To assess the ability of the Atlas Wearables Wristband2 (a PA monitor developed specifically for resistance training [RT] exercise) to identify the individual RT exercise type and count repetitions during RT exercises at various movement speeds. Methods: 50 male and female participants completed seven sets of 10 repetitions for five different upper/lower body RT exercises while wearing a Wristband2 on the left wrist. The speed of each set was completed at different metronome-paced speeds ranging from a slow speed of 4 sec·rep−1 to a fast speed of 1 sec·rep−1. Repeated Measures ANOVAs were used to compare the actual exercise type/number of repetitions among the seven different speeds. Mean absolute percent error (MAPE) and bias were calculated for repetition counting. Results: For each exercise, there tended to be significant differences between the slower speeds and the fastest speed for activity type identification and repetition counting (p < .05). Across all exercises, the highest accuracy for activity type identification (91 ± 1.8% correct overall), repetition counting (8.77 ± 0.17 of 10 reps overall) and the lowest MAPE (14 ± 1.7% overall) and bias (−1.23 ± 0.17 reps overall) occurred during the 1.5 sec·rep−1 speed (the second fastest speed tested). Conclusions: The validity of the Atlas Wearables Wristband2 to identify exercise type and count repetitions varied based on the speed of movement during RT exercises.
Rift- and subduction-related crustal sequences in the Jinshajiang ophiolitic mélange, SW China: Insights into the eastern Paleo-Tethys
Authors: Hu Wen-Jun , Zhong Hong , Zhu Wei-Guang , Bai Zhong-Jie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Paleozoic Jinshajiang ophiolitic mélange in southwest China marks an important branch ocean (i.e., the Jinshajiang Ocean) of the Paleo-Tethys. Basic-intermediate rocks are widespread features in the mélange; their formation age is well known, but the petrogenesis has not been well studied, which means that the evolutionary history of the Jinshajiang Ocean is not well constrained. To understand the nature of the mélange and the ocean, we present a set of elemental and isotopic data from two typical crustal sequences in two areas of the Jinshajiang ophiolitic mélange, Zhiyong and Baimaxueshan. The basalts in the ca. 343 Ma Zhiyong crustal sequence show mid-ocean-ridge basalt–like geochemical compositions with Nb/La ratios of 0.98–1.15 and εNd(t) values of +6.5 to +7.7, indicating that the basalts formed in the spreading ridge of the ocean. In contrast, the 283 Ma Baimaxueshan crustal sequence consists of gabbros and basaltic-andesitic lavas, which have an arc affinity with Nb/La ratios of 0.54–0.67 and εNd(t) values of +5.1 to +6.5. The geochemical differences were not caused by crustal assimilation but reflect mantle metasomatism by fluids dehydrated from the subducting slab. Therefore, we propose that the Zhiyong and Baimaxueshan crustal sequences formed in seafloor spreading and subduction settings, which were related to the opening and closure of the ocean, respectively.
Phenotypic and genetic spectrum of alveolar capillary dysplasia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jourdan-Voyen Laurélia , Touraine Renaud , Masutti Jean-Pierre , Busa Tiffany , Vincent-Delorme Catherine , Dreyfus Lelia , Molin Arnaud , Savey Baptiste , Mounzer Abraham , Assaf Ziad , Atallah Veronique , da Cruz Vanessa , Gaillard Dominique , Leroy-Terquem Elise , Mouton Jean-Baptiste , Ghoumid Jamal , Picaud Jean-Charles , Dijoud Frederique , Bouquillon Sonia , Baumann Cédric , Lambert Laetitia 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveAlveolar capillary dysplasia (ACD) is one of the causes of pulmonary hypertension. Its diagnosis is histological but new pathogenetic data have emerged. The aim of this study was to describe a French cohort of patients with ACD to improve the comprehension and the diagnosis of this pathology which is probably underdiagnosed.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted in French hospitals. Patients born between 2005 and 2017, whose biological samples were sent to the French genetic reference centres, were included. Clinical, histological and genetic data were retrospectively collected.ResultsWe presented a series of 21 patients. The mean of postmenstrual age at birth was 37.6 weeks. The first symptoms appeared on the median of 2.5 hours. Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed in 20 patients out of 21. Two cases had prolonged survival (3.3 and 14 months). Histological analysis was done on lung tissue from autopsy (57.1% of cases) or from percutaneous biopsy (28.6%).FOXF1was found abnormal in 15 patients (71.4%): 8 deletions and 7 point mutations. Two deletions were found by chromosomal microarray.ConclusionThis study is one of the largest clinically described series in literature. It seems crucial to integrate genetics early into diagnostic support. We propose a diagnostic algorithm for helping medical teams to improve diagnosis of this pathology.
Using telehealth in motor neuron disease to increase access to specialist multidisciplinary care: a UK-based pilot and feasibility study
Authors: Hobson Esther V , Baird Wendy O , Bradburn Mike , Cooper Cindy , Mawson Susan , Quinn Ann , Shaw Pamela J , Walsh Theresa , McDermott Christopher J 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesCare of patients with motor neuron disease (MND) in a specialist, multidisciplinary clinic is associated with improved survival, but access is not universal. We wanted to pilot and establish the feasibility of a definitive trial of a novel telehealth system (Telehealth in Motor neuron disease, TiM) in patients with MND.DesignAn 18-month, single-centre, mixed-methods, randomised, controlled pilot and feasibility study.InterventionTiM telehealth plus usual care versus usual care.SettingA specialist MND care centre in the UK.ParticipantsPatients with MND and their primary informal carers.Primary and secondary outcome measuresRecruitment, retention and data collection rates, clinical outcomes including participant quality of life and anxiety and depression.ResultsRecruitment achieved the target of 40 patients and 37 carers. Participant characteristics reflected those attending the specialist clinic and included those with severe disability and those with limited experience of technology. Retention and data collection was good. Eighty per cent of patients and 82% of carer participants reported outcome measures were completed at 6 months. Using a longitudinal analysis with repeated measures of quality of life (QoL), a sample size of 131 per arm is recommended in a definitive trial. The methods and intervention were acceptable to participants who were highly motivated to participate to research. The low burden of participation and accessibility of the intervention meant barriers to participation were minimal. However, the study highlighted difficulties assessing the associated costs of the intervention, the challenge of recruitment in such a rare disease and the difficulties of producing rigorous evidence of impact in such a complex intervention.ConclusionA definitive trial of TiM is feasible but challenging. The complexity of the intervention and heterogeneity of the patient population means that a randomised controlled trial may not be the best way to evaluate the further development and implementation of the TiM.Trial registration numberISRCTN26675465.
Process evaluation and exploration of telehealth in motor neuron disease in a UK specialist centre
Authors: Hobson Esther , Baird Wendy , Bradburn Mike , Cooper Cindy , Mawson Susan , Quinn Ann , Shaw Pamela J , Walsh Theresa , McDermott Christopher J 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the processes involved in using a novel digitally enabled healthcare system (telehealth in motor neuron disease (TiM)) in people living with motor neuron disease (MND) and their informal carers. We examined TiM implementation, potential mechanisms of impact and contextual factors that might influence TiM implementation or impact.DesignAn 18-month, single-centre process evaluation within a randomised, pilot and feasibility study.InterventionTiM plus usual care versus usual care alone.SettingA specialist UK MND care centre.Participants40 patients with MND and 37 primary informal carers.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPatient, carer and staff outcomes and experiences using semistructured interviews. Descriptive data on implementation and use of TiM.ResultsThe TiM was acceptable and accessible to patients, carers and staff. Intervention uptake and adherence were good: 14 (70%) patients completed a TiM session at least fortnightly. Barriers to TiM use (such as technology experience and disability) were overcome with well-designed technology and face-to-face training. Reported potential benefits of TiM included improved communication and care coordination, reassurance, identification of complications and the potential for TiM to be an alternative or addition to clinic. Benefits depended on patients’ current level of needs or disability. The main challenges were the large number of alerts that were generated by TiM, how the clinicians responded to these alerts and the mismatch between patient/carer expectations and nurses actions. This could be improved by better communication systems and adjusting the alerts algorithm.ConclusionTiM has the potential to facilitate access to specialist care, but further iterative developments to the intervention and process evaluations of the TiM in different services are required.Trial identifier numberISRCTN26675465.
Combining cognitive bias modification training (CBM) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to treat binge eating disorder: study protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Gordon Gemma , Brockmeyer Timo , Schmidt Ulrike , Campbell Iain C 
Published: October 2019

IntroductionBinge eating disorder (BED) is a common mental disorder, closely associated with obesity. Existing treatments are only moderately effective with high relapse rates, necessitating novel interventions. This paper describes the rationale for, and protocol of, a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT), evaluating the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and a computerised cognitive training, namely approach bias modification training (ABM), in patients with BED who are overweight or obese. The aim of this trial is to obtain information that will guide decision-making and protocol development in relation to a future large-scale RCT of combined tDCS+ABM treatment in this group of patients, and also to assess the preliminary efficacy of this intervention.Methods and analysis66 participants with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 diagnosis of BED and a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: ABM+real tDCS; ABM+sham tDCS or a wait-list control group. Participants in both intervention groups will receive six sessions of ABM+real/sham tDCS over 3 weeks; engaging in the ABM task while simultaneously receiving bilateral tDCS to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. ABM is based on an implicit learning paradigm in which participants are trained to enact an avoidance behaviour in response to visual food cues. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, post-treatment (3 weeks) and follow-up (7 weeks post-randomisation). Feasibility outcomes assess recruitment and retention rates, acceptability of random allocation, blinding success (allocation concealment), completion of treatment sessions and research assessments. Other outcomes include eating disorder psychopathology and related neurocognitive outcomes (ie, delay of gratification and inhibitory control), BMI, other psychopathology (ie, mood), approach bias towards food and surrogate endpoints (ie, food cue reactivity, trait food craving and food intake).Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the North West-Liverpool East Research Ethics Committee. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberISRCTN35717198
Experiencing the care of a family member with Crohn’s disease: a qualitative study
Authors: García-Sanjuán Sofía , Lillo-Crespo Manuel , Cabañero-Martínez María José , Richart-Martínez Miguel , Sanjuan-Quiles Ángela 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesTo explore the experiences of caregivers living with relatives affected by Crohn’s disease (CD) in a context in which the family provides social support.DesignA qualitative study based on a phenomenological approach was conducted through in-depth interviews.SettingParticipants living in Alicante (Spain) were recruitedParticipantsEleven family caregivers of people with CD were interviewed.MethodsThe in-depth interviews took place in the participants’ homes and were audio recorded and then transcribed for a qualitative thematic analysis.ResultsFive themes and accompanying subthemes were identified: (1) adaptation to the caring experience, (2) dichotomy ‘with or without me’, (3) unending burden, (4) need for knowledge and control of the disease, and (5) getting used to CD and normalising life.ConclusionThe findings contribute to an increase in the knowledge and comprehension of the experience of being the caregiver of a relative with CD, which could be useful for professionals towards improving the quality of the CD caring process. Due to the temporal dimension of CD with frequent bouts of exacerbation and remission, family caregivers must adapt and acquire skills during chronic illness evolution. Moreover, the lack of family caregivers’ inclusion and follow-up within the Spanish health system makes them feel invisible and useless, which may contribute to caregivers’ burdens.