bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salvage surgery for Stage IVa thymic carcinoma combined with aortic arch resection-Case report
Authors: Yamato Hiroyuki , Funaki Soichiro , Shimamura Kazuo , Kin Keiwa , Kuratani Toru , Sawa Yoshiki , Shintani Yasushi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Although complete surgical resection of thymic carcinoma is a prognostic factor, extended surgery combined with a major blood vessel procedure remains controversial because of the increased risk of mortality. We report a case of Stage IVa thymic carcinoma successfully resected with a pneumonectomy along with aortic arch replacement after chemotherapy.

Case presentation

A 45-year-old male was diagnosed with thymic carcinoma invasion to the aortic arch and left pulmonary artery. Malignant pericardial effusion was also noted, though disappeared after chemotherapy, thus surgical options were considered. A radical resection procedure including left pneumonectomy, aortic arch replacement with total rerouting of the supra-arch vessels, and right pulmonary artery plication was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient has been disease-free for 3 years.

Conclusion

Extended salvage surgery might be a valuable option for advanced thymic carcinoma.
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Studies: A Rapid Review
Authors: Chess Kathryn , Jacobson Tyler A , Smith Lauren E , Miller Corinne , Hirschhorn Lisa R , Huffman Mark D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 serology tests have been used to understand the extent to which populations have been infected. The objective of this study was to synthesize literature on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies, including sampling frames, study characteristics, assay test performance characteristics, and proportion of participants with IgG and IgM SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.Methods: Bibliometric databases, trial registers, pre-print servers, and grey literature were searched through May 27, 2020 using a published protocol to identify eligible studies. Title and abstract screening and full-text reviewing were performed in duplicate. Study-level data were extracted, and a narrative synthesis was performed. Results: Of the 4,049 studies screened for inclusion, 27 published reports were included, and 85 studies are ongoing. Most (52%) published reports were available through pre-print servers. Sample sizes ranged from 200 to 113,033 participants. Healthcare worker (n=9 studies, 33%) and non-representative, general population (n=10 studies, 37%) sampling frames were more commonly used than representative, general population sampling frames (n=7, 26%). Mean age ranged from 18 up to 69 years, and the proportion of females ranged from 25% to 85%. Test performance characteristics varied, including IgG sensitivity (range: 63.3% to 100%) and IgG specificity (range: 97.0% to 100%). IgG seroprevalence estimates ranged from 0.5% to 21.0%, and IgM seroprevalence ranged from 1.1% to 18.9%.Conclusion: More high-quality SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies using validated assays with larger sample sizes from representative and targeted sampling frames are needed to better understand the true burden of disease, differential spread of the virus, and infection fatality rate.
Eye Care Practices, Knowledge and Attitude of Glaucoma Patients at Community Eye Screening Outreaches in Nigeria.
Authors: Olawoye Olusola , Fawole Olufunmilayo , Ashaye Adeyinka 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To assess the eye care practices, knowledge and attitudes of glaucoma patients identified at community eye outreaches (CEO) in Nigeria. Methodology: This was a mixed method study. The quantitative component was a cross sectional survey of patients with suspected glaucoma identified at routine CEO in South West Nigeria. Surveys were administered by trained personnel and gathered information on knowledge and attitudes toward glaucoma. The qualitative component consisted of structured interviews with providers to assess their knowledge and perspectives of glaucoma patients’ attitudes and behaviors. Results: A total of 1881 patients were screened at 24 outreaches in South West Nigeria, among which 120 glaucoma cases/suspects were identified. Fifty-six (46.7%) of the glaucoma patients were aware of glaucoma and only 39 (32.5%) patients could answer at least one knowledge question correctly. Predictors of awareness of glaucoma were minimum of secondary school education (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 9.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.18-29-92) and having had an eye check-up in the past (adjusted OR 6.22; 95% CI 1.96 – 19.78). More than half 55.8% had attended an eye outreach in the past and 34.2% did not follow up at the main hospital. Patients said cost and ‘not knowing the disease was serious’ were reasons for not following up at the main hospital. Health workers interviewed said cost and poor knowledge were the main reasons glaucoma patients frequently attended free screening outreach events rather than seeking definitive care.Conclusion: Although community eye outreaches improves access to eye care, provision of appropriate health education programs and strengthening of the health insurance scheme are needed to improve its impact in glaucoma care.
Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Predict Cotton Production: A Case Study in Diyarbakır Province, Turkey
Authors: Mikail Nazire , BARAN Mehmet Fırat 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Cultivators are always curious about the factors affecting yield in plant production. Determining these factors can provide information about the yield in the future. The reliability of information is dependent on a good prediction model. According to the operating process, artificial neural networks imitate the neural network in humans. The ability to make predictions for the current situation by combining the information people have gained from different experiences is designed in artificial neural networks. Therefore, in complex problems, it gives better results than artificial neural networks.In this study, we used an artificial neural network method to model the production of cotton. From a comprehensive datum collection spanning 73 farms in Diyarbakır, Turkey, the mean cotton production was 559.19 kg da-1. There are four factors that are selected as pivotal inputs into this model. As a result, the ultimate ANN model is able to forshow cotton production, which is built on elements such as farm states (cotton area and irrigation periodicity), machinery usage and fertilizer consumption.At the end of the study, cotton yield was estimated with 84% accuracy.
High Purity and High Density Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 Composites&nbsp;Were Prepared at High Temperature
Authors: Wang Xuye , Qi Fangfang , Ji Jun , Shi Guopu , Li Qinggang , Wang Zhi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites were prepared via in-situ hot pressing sintering at 1550 °C. Al used as a sintering aid reduced the production of TiC impurity phase and stabilized the crystal lattice of Ti3SiC2 to inhibit its decomposiition at high temperature. This is because Al replaced some of the Si atoms to form Ti3(Si1 − xAlx)C2, which showed a crystal structure similar to that of Ti3SiC2. The addition of Al is a prerequisite for the formation of high density Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites at high temperature. Laminar Ti3SiC2 grains and granular Al2O3 grains were densely packed and tightly bonded, furthermore, unique mosaic structure of Ti3SiC2-Al2O3 created at high temperatures improve the mechanical properties such as hardness, bending strength and fracture toughness of Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites, with the highest reaching 16.97 GPa, 553.38 MPa and 9.63 MPa·m1/2, respectively. The mechanism responsible for improved mechanical properties for Ti3SiC2/Al2O3 composites were the synergistic action of grain pullout, microcrack deflection, and extend the crack growth from two different kinds of grains.
Effects of Bioaerosol Aerodynamic Size on Biodiversity in Three Kindergartens in Taiwan
Authors: Lai Chane-Yu , Chou Ying-Hsiang , Hsu Tzu-Yu , Hung Chun-Hui , Lin Tzu-Hsien 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Human-associated bacteria (HAB) in the microbiome can become airborne bacterial aerosols (bioaerosols). The aerodynamic sizes of bioaerosols demonstrated may significantly affect their behaviors, respiratory deposition and biodiversity.Methods: The bacterial size, biodiversity and the HAB were evaluated at three kindergartens in central Taiwan in winter and spring. Kindergartens A, B, and C were in urban, semi-urban, and rural areas, respectively. A six-stage viable Andersen cascade impactor was used to collect bioaerosols and to determine their size distributions. A BD Phoenix-100 automated interpretation system was used to identify the species in those bioaerosols. The uniformity transformation was applied to verify the distributions of bacterial concentrations in different sampling rounds.Results: The results revealed 1,425 colonies (97.6%) that corresponded to 63 species in 29 genera and 35 colonies (2.4%) that were unidentified. The most abundant phylum was Actinobacteria (56.6+22.2%), Staphylococcus spp. was found in all sampling rounds, with a range of abundance between 2.0 and 70.0%. In all rounds, the geometric mean diameter of the bioaerosol and the geometric standard deviation of the bioaerosol size ranged from 2.19 to 5.42 µm and from 1.66 to 2.70, respectively. The Shannon diversity (H) and inverse Simpson diversity index (D) of the bioaerosols at each kindergarten were positively correlated with bioaerosol size, as larger bioaerosols had higher values of the biodiversity metrics. The Pearson correlations of H with the urbanization of the area of the kindergarten, temperature, RH and CO2 concentration were statistically significant (P < 0.05), indicating that the environmental variables and biodiversity covaried. The biodiversity in the rural area exceeded that in the urban area. Multiple and stepwise regression revealed that bioaerosol size was statistically significant with H (P = 0.001) and D (P = 0.002). The study may improve our understanding of the mechanisms and epidemiological spread of airborne infections.
Religious Moderation as a New Approach to Learning Islamic Religious Education in Schools
Authors: Husna Ulfatul , Thohir Muhammad 
Published: September 2020

Islam as a religion with a slogan that brings grace to the universe, however historically not all religious articulations are compatible. One example is extreme attitudes in religion. The most important element in realizing the peace mission in schools is learning Islamic Religious Education (PAI). This study was conducted to reveal how to maintain religious moderation in schools in preventing extremism. This field study at SMA Negeri 1 (Senior High School) Krembung, East Java, Indonesia uses a qualitative descriptive method. The results showed that school moderation uses three main principles, namely tawassuth, ta'adul and tawazun. These principles are able to create a moderate situation, create a school of peace, progress, and form a generation with moderate views. Abstrak Islam sebagai agama dengan semboyan pembawa rahmat bagi alam semesta, namun secara historis tidak semua artikulasi agama itu cocok. Salah satu contohnya adalah sikap ekstrim dalam beragama. Elemen terpenting dalam mewujudkan misi perdamaian tersebut di sekolah adalah pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengungkap bagaimana mempertahankan moderasi beragama di sekolah dalam mencegah ekstrimisme. Studi lapangan di SMA Negeri 1 Krembung, Jawa Timur, Indonesia ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa moderasi beragama sekolah menggunakan tiga prinsip utama yaitu tawassuth, ta’adul dan tawazun. Prinsip-prinsip ini mampu menciptakan situasi yang moderat dan mewujudkan sekolah damai, berkemajuan dan membentuk generasi yang berpandangan moderat.
Enfoque multivariado en experimentos de extracción de madera en plantaciones forestales
Authors: Guera Ouorou Ganni Mariel , Da Silva José Antônio Aleixo , Ferreira Rinaldo Luiz Caraciolo , Álvarez Lazo Daniel Alberto , Barrero Medel Héctor , Díaz Pita Andrés Loreto 
Published: September 2020

El presente trabajo fue realizado con el objetivo de evaluar, técnica y económicamente la extracción de El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar, técnica y económicamente la extracción de madera en plantaciones de Pinus caribaea var. caribaea de la empresa forestal Macurije, ubicada en la provincia de Pinar del Río, Cuba. Para ello, se llevaron a cabo estudios de tiempos y movimientos teniendo como criterios de evaluación "productividad" y "costo unitario" de extracción de la madera. La evaluación del desempeño de los tractores articulados (skidders) y de las yuntas de bueyes en diferentes sistemas de aprovechamiento y clases de pendiente se realizó por medio de experimentos factoriales (3 × 3 × 2) univariados y multivariados (costo unitario e/o productividad), siguiendo un diseño al azar en bloques (B1 = 21 años y B2 = 32 años), con los factores "maquinaria" y "pendiente" con tres niveles y "sistema de aprovechamiento" con dos niveles. Se evidenciaron la viabilidad y la utilidad del enfoque multivariado en la evaluación de la extracción de madera; es más viable extraer la madera con el sistema de tronco entero en plantaciones de 32 años. La interacción maquinaria-pendiente tuvo influencia significativa en la variación del conjunto costo-productividad. El skidder John Deere 548E, por presentar menor costo unitario y mayor productividad que el J-80A, es el recomendado para la extracción semimecanizada de la madera. El más viable es la yunta de bueyes por su mayor rentabilidad. Sin embargo, por su baja productividad, solo podrá ser utilizado en combinación con otras máquinas o en periodos de producción desacelerada. Su uso exclusivo no es práctico ya que implicaría aumentar significativamente su cantidad para compensar su baja productividad.
Modelos altura-diámetro con efectos mixtos para Lysiloma latisiliquum (L) Benth. en Quintana Roo, México
Authors: Hernández-Ramos Jonathan , Valdez-Hernández Juan Ignacio , García-Cuevas Xavier , Quiñonez-Barraza Gerónimo , Reyes-Hernández Valentín José , Hernández-Ramos Adrián 
Published: September 2020

El objetivo fue determinar el modelo alométrico con efectos mixtos que mejor describe la relación altura total-diámetro normal (A-d) para árboles de Lysiloma latisiliquum en Quintana Roo, México. Con 2214 pares de datos A-d obtenidos del Inventario Nacional Forestal y de Suelos (2004-2009), se calculó el índice de esbeltez (IE: A/d) y se ajustaron seis modelos locales; posterior a la elección del mejor modelo se incluyeron bajo el enfoque de modelos de efectos mixtos las covariables de conglomerado, diámetro de copa (dc), altura de fuste limpio (Af), municipio (M), tipo vegetación primaria (Vp) y altitud, para mejorar el ajuste. El IE disminuye a medida que aumentan las dimensiones del arbolado. El modelo de Hossfeld (1822) con la inclusión de la covariable de conglomerado en el parámetro resulto ser el mejor para describir la relación A-d, ya que explica más de 70% de la variabilidad muestral y tiene un sesgo de 0.00013 m. Además, al contrastar las estimaciones con datos de una muestra independiente, no se observaron diferencias significativas a un nivel de 99% de confiabilidad. La inserción de las diferentes condiciones ambientales y de crecimiento, modifican la relación alométrica A-d en Lysiloma latisiliquum en los bosques tropicales de Quintana Roo, México y los modelos mixtos mostraron ser una opción de mejora estadística y precisión en la estimación.
The Needs of Older Adults With Disabilities With Regard to Adaptation to Aging and Home Care: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Li Laiyou , Sun Ning , Yu Libo , Dong Xiaoxin , Zhao Jing , Ying Yuchen 
Published: September 2020

Background
The home environment is an important means of support in home-based care services for older people. A home environment that facilitates healthy aging can help older adults maximize their self-care abilities and integrate and utilize care resources. However, some home environments fail to meet the needs of older adults with disabilities.

Objective
This paper aimed to study the needs of older adults with disabilities with respect to adaptation to aging, and to analyze the associations of individual factors and dysfunction with those needs.

Methods
A questionnaire survey was administered to 400 older adults with disabilities from 10 communities in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China. The survey was conducted from August 2018 to February 2019.

Results
A total of 370 participants completed the survey. The proportion of participants with mild dysfunction was the highest (128/370, 34.59%), followed by those with extremely mild (107/370, 28.92%), moderate (72/370, 19.46%), and severe (63/370, 17.03%) dysfunction. The care needs of older adults with extremely mild and mild dysfunction pertained primarily to resting, a supportive environment, and transformation of indoor activity spaces. The care needs of older adults with moderate dysfunction pertained mainly to resting and renovation of bathing and toilet spaces. Factors influencing the needs of older adults with disabilities were dysfunction (P=.007), age (P=.006), monthly income (P=.005), and living conditions (P=.04).

Conclusions
The needs of older adults with disabilities varied by the degree of dysfunction, and many factors influenced these needs in the community. These findings may provide a scientific basis for developing community-specific aging-related adaptation services for older adults with disabilities in the future.
Development of an Intervention Targeting Multiple Health Behaviors Among High School Students: Participatory Design Study Using Heuristic Evaluation and Usability Testing
Authors: Müssener Ulrika , Thomas Kristin , Linderoth Catharina , Löf Marie , Åsberg Katarina , Henriksson Pontus , Bendtsen Marcus 
Published: September 2020

Background
Mobile electronic platforms provide exciting possibilities for health behavior promotion. For instance, they can promote smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption, healthy eating, and physical activity. Young adults in Sweden are proficient in the use of technology, having been exposed to computers, smartphones, and the internet from an early age. However, with the high availability of mobile health (mHealth) interventions of varying quality, it is critical to optimize the usability of mHealth interventions to ensure long-term use of these health promotion interventions.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the usability of an mHealth intervention (LIFE4YOUth) targeting health behaviors among high school students through heuristic evaluation and usability testing.

Methods
A preliminary version of the LIFE4YOUth mHealth intervention, which was aimed at promoting healthy eating, physical activity, smoking cessation, and nonrisky drinking among high school students, was developed in early 2019. We completed a total of 15 heuristic evaluations and 5 usability tests to evaluate the usability of the mHealth intervention prototype to improve its functioning, content, and design.

Results
Heuristic evaluation from a total of 15 experts (10 employees and 5 university students, both women and men, aged 18-25 years) revealed that the major usability problems and the worst ratings, a total of 17 problems termed usability catastrophes, concerned shortcomings in displaying easy-to-understand information to the users or technical errors. The results of the usability testing including 5 high school students (both girls and boys, aged 15-18 years) showed that the design, quality, and quantity of content in the intervention may impact the users’ level of engagement. Poor functionality was considered a major barrier to usability. Of the 5 participants, one rated the LIFE4YOUth intervention as poor, 2 rated as average, and 2 assessed it as good, according to the System Usability Scale.

Conclusions
High school students have high expectations of digital products. If an mHealth intervention does not offer optimal functions, they may cease to use it. Optimizing the usability of mHealth interventions is a critical step in the development process. Heuristic evaluation and usability testing in this study provided valuable knowledge about the prototype from a user’s perspective. The findings may lead to the development of similar interventions targeting the high school population.
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Counseling- and mHealth-Based Physical Activity Intervention for Pregnant Women With Diabetes: The Fit for Two Pilot Study
Authors: Larsen Britta , Micucci Stephanie , Hartman Sheri J , Ramos Gladys 
Published: September 2020

Background
Diabetes during pregnancy poses serious health risks to both mother and child. Regular physical activity can reduce these risks, yet few clinic-based interventions of physical activity for pregnant women with diabetes have been attempted.

Objective
The purpose of this single-arm pilot trial is to assess the feasibility and acceptability, and explore the potential efficacy of a counseling- and mobile health–based physical activity intervention for pregnant women with diabetes.

Methods
Participants (N=17) who had type 2 or gestational diabetes, could read and speak in English or Spanish, and were between 10 and 27 weeks of gestation were recruited from the University of California San Diego Diabetes and Pregnancy Program. Participants engaged in a one-on-one counseling and goal-setting session immediately following a clinic visit with their physician. They were given a Fitbit and shown how to use the Fitbit app, including entering personalized step goals, and were encouraged to build up to 10,000 daily steps. Daily steps were recorded for 12 weeks, until they were 36 weeks’ gestation, or until 1 week before they gave birth, whichever came first. Feasibility was measured by recruitment, retention, and adherence, and acceptability was measured using consumer satisfaction questionnaires and follow-up interviews. Potential efficacy was explored by examining changes in daily steps over time.

Results
The participants were primarily Hispanic (13/17, 76%), had public insurance (15/17, 88%), and had type 2 diabetes (12/17, 71%). Of the 17 patients who began the intervention, 76% (13/17) completed a follow-up visit, and 71% (12/17) continued wearing the Fitbit regularly after 8 weeks in the intervention. Adherence in wearing the Fitbit was relatively high, with a median wear adherence of 90% of days. The intervention was generally well accepted, with 85% (11/13) indicating that they were motivated to exercise more following the counseling session, 85% (11/13) indicating that the Fitbit helped increase their activity, and 92% (12/13) recommending the program overall. Mean daily steps increased from baseline (mean 6122, SD 2439) to week 3 (mean 6269, SD 2166) and then decreased through week 12 (mean 4191, SD 2228).

Conclusions
High acceptability, retention, and adherence suggest that this may be a promising approach to delivering a simple, low-burden intervention in a clinical setting to a high-risk, underserved population. A randomized controlled trial is needed to determine whether this approach is effective in slowing the reduction in activity typically seen throughout pregnancy.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03302377; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03302377