bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Existence and data-dependence theorems for fractional impulsive integro-differential system
Authors: Khan Hasib , Khan Zareen A. , Tajadodi Haleh , Khan Aziz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this article we have considered a fractional order impulsive integro-differential equation (IDE) in Caputo’s sense for the unique solution and data dependence results. We take help of the Banach fixed point theory and basic literature of fractional calculus. The results are examined with the help of an expressive numerical example for an application of the results.
What evidence exists on the impacts of chemicals arising from human activity on tropical reef-building corals? A systematic map protocol
Authors: Ouédraogo Dakis-Yaoba , Sordello Romain , Brugneaux Sophie , Burga Karen , Calvayrac Christophe , Castelin Magalie , Domart-Coulon Isabelle , Ferrier-Pagès Christine , Guillaume Mireille M. M. , Hédouin Laetitia , Joannot Pascale , Perceval Olivier , Reyjol Yorick 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Tropical coral reefs cover ca. 0.1% of the Earth’s surface but host an outstanding biodiversity and provide important ecosystem services to millions of people living nearby. However, they are currently threatened by both local (e.g. nutrient enrichment and chemical pollution of coastal reefs, arising from poor land management, agriculture and industry) and global stressors (mainly seawater warming and acidification, i.e. climate change). Global and local stressors interact together in different ways, but the presence of one stressor often reduces the tolerance to additional stress. While global stressors cannot be halted by local actions, local stressors can be reduced through ecosystem management, therefore minimizing the impact of climate change on reefs. To inform decision-makers, we propose here to systematically map the evidence of impacts of chemicals arising from anthropogenic activities on tropical reef-building corals, which are the main engineer species of reef ecosystems. We aim to identify the combinations of chemical and coral responses that have attracted the most attention and for which evidence can be further summarized in a systematic review that will give practical information to decision-makers.

Methods
The systematic map will follow the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence Guidelines and Standards for Evidence Synthesis in Environmental Management. We will search the relevant literature using English terms combined in a tested search string in two publication databases (Web Of Science Core Collection and Scopus). The search string will combine terms describing the population (tropical reef-building corals) and the exposure (chemicals). We will supplement this literature with some more obtained through search engines, specialist websites, and through a call to local stakeholders. Titles, abstracts, and full-texts will then be successively screened using pre-defined eligibility criteria. A list of pre-defined variables will then be extracted from full-texts. Finally, a database of all studies included in the map with coded metadata will be produced. The evidence will be described in a map report with text, figures and tables, and a matrix showing the distribution and frequency of included study into types of exposure and types of outcomes will be computed to identify potential knowledge gaps and knowledge clusters.
Regulation of metabolic reprogramming by tumor suppressor genes in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Liu Mengqi , Liu Wensheng , Qin Yi , Xu Xiaowu , Yu Xianjun , Zhuo Qifeng , Ji Shunrong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPancreatic cancer continues to be one of the most aggressive malignant tumors. Work in recent years in cancer molecular biology has revealed that metabolic reprogramming is an additional hallmark of cancer that is involved in the pathogenesis of cancers, and is intricately linked to gene mutations.Main textHowever, though oncogenes such asKRASandc-Mycplay important roles in the process, and have been extensively studied, no substantial improvements in the prognosis of pancreatic cancer have seen. Therefore, some scientists have tried to explain the mechanisms of abnormal cancer metabolism from the perspective of tumor suppressor genes. In this paper, we reviewed researches about how metabolic reprogramming was regulated by tumor suppressor genes in pancreatic cancer and their clinical implications.ConclusionAbnormal metabolism and genetic mutations are mutually causal and complementary in tumor initiation and development. A clear understanding of how metabolic reprogramming is regulated by the mutated genes would provide important insights into the pathogenesis and ultimately treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Earlier diagnosis in anorexia nervosa: better watch growth charts!
Authors: Marion Morgane , Lacroix Sylvie , Caquard Marylène , Dreno Laurence , Scherdel Pauline , Guen Christèle Gras Le , Caldagues Emmanuelle , Launay Elise 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
A better understanding of the healthcare pathway of children and adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) may contribute to earlier detection and better disease management. Here we measured and compared the symptomatic time to diagnosis (TTD) (time between the first symptoms, as reported by parents, and the diagnosis) and the auxological TTD (time between the deviation in the weight growth curve and the diagnosis).

Methods
We performed a monocentric retrospective study including all patients age 9 years to 16 years who were hospitalized in Nantes University Hospital for AN between 2013 and 2016. We analysed the two TTDs by medical record review and growth curve investigation. TTDs were described by medians and Kaplan-Meier curves. Two profiles of patients were compared according to the kinetics of growth deviation and the occurrence of symptoms.

Results
Among the 137 patients included, the median symptomatic and auxological TTDs was 7.0 months (IQR: 4.0–12.0) and 7.2 months (IQR: 2.0–18.0). TTDs were significantly different but clinically similar. For 48% of the patients, a deviation in the growth curve could have been noted at a median of 9.7 months (IQR: 3.0–18.0) before the first symptoms were reported by parents. Those patients showed significantly slower weight loss than did patients with first symptoms reported before growth deviation (weight loss rate 0.41% vs 1.90% per month, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Careful study of growth curves remains an essential step in detecting eating disorders, possibly allowing for earlier detection of the disease in nearly half of these patients.
A protein interaction map identifies existing drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Cava Claudia , Bertoli Gloria , Castiglioni Isabella 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), an emerging Betacoronavirus, is the causative agent of COVID-19. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), being the main cell receptor of SARS-CoV-2, plays a role in the entry of the virus into the cell. Currently, there are neither specific antiviral drugs for the treatment or preventive drugs such as vaccines.

Methods
We proposed a bioinformatics analysis to test in silico existing drugs as a fast way to identify an efficient therapy. We performed a differential expression analysis in order to identify differentially expressed genes in COVID-19 patients correlated with ACE-2 and we explored their direct relations with a network approach integrating also drug-gene interactions. The drugs with a central role in the network were also investigated with a molecular docking analysis.

Results
We found 825 differentially expressed genes correlated with ACE2. The protein-protein interactions among differentially expressed genes identified a network of 474 genes and 1130 interactions.

Conclusions
The integration of drug-gene interactions in the network and molecular docking analysis allows us to obtain several drugs with antiviral activity that, alone or in combination with other treatment options, could be considered as therapeutic approaches against COVID-19.
The burden and correlates of childhood undernutrition in Tanzania according to composite index of anthropometric failure
Authors: Khamis Ahmed Gharib , Mwanri Akwilina Wendelin , Kreppel Katharina , Kwesigabo Gideon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Undernutrition is a public health problem worldwide. Tanzania has made significant achievements in the reduction of childhood undernutrition over the past two decades. However, the exact burden of undernutrition was under-estimated when using conventional indices of stunting, wasting and underweight. The objective of this study was to determine the overall prevalence of undernutrition, describe the trends and examine the correlates associated with undernutrition among children under-five years using the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF). This study aims to understand the real burden and drivers of undernutrition to improve design, implementation and monitoring of appropriate interventions to ameliorate all form of childhood undernutrition in the country.

Methods
About 37,205 mother-child pairs were retrieved and analyzed from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Surveys (TDHS) conducted in various years from 1991, 1996, 1999, 2004–05, 2009–10, to 2015–16. The anthropometric data of children under-five years were used to determine the overall burden and trends of undernutrition using CIAF. The recent TDHS surveys from 2005 to 2015 were used to examine the correlates of CIAF. To determine the correlates, multivariate analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Poisson regression with robust variance.

Results
The prevalence of CIAF declined significantly from 50% in 1991 to 38.2% in 2015 (p < 0.001). The correlates of CIAF vary across surveys. The multivariate analysis of recent 2015 survey revealed that the prevalence of CIAF was significantly higher for older children (p < 0.001), children living in rural areas (p = 0.028), and those born with non-educated (p = 0.009) or single mothers (p = 0.008). The prevalence of CIAF was significantly lower for girls (p < 0.001), being born with overweight/obese mothers (p < 0.001), living with older head of the household (p < 0.001) or living in richest household (p < 0.001). Moreover, children who were born with low birth weight (p < 0.001), or having fever (p = 0.044) were most likely to have anthropometric failure. However, consumption of diversified diet was not found to be associated with anthropometric failure (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
About one in every three under-five years children are suffering from either one or multiple forms of anthropometric failure in Tanzania. There is a significant decline trends in overall burden of undernutrition in Tanzania from the past 25 years, as measured by CIAF. Multiple factors including those related to mothers, children and household socio-economic characteristics have the potential to influence childhood undernutrition. Efforts to reduce the burden of undernutrition should mainly focus on reducing poverty and raising people’s living standards.
Immunotherapy with heat shock protein 96 to treat gliomas
Authors: Li Chunzhao , Du Yifei , Zhang Yang , Ji Nan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHeat shock protein 96 (gp96) is a highly conserved protein in the endoplasmic reticulum. The functions of gp96 include promoting the oncogenesis and progression of glioma. In addition, tumor-derived gp96 can activate anti-tumor immune. Therefore, this protein was used to generate an anti-tumor vaccine and widely applied to glioma therapy. This review summarizes the mechanisms of gp96 in glioma oncogenesis and clinical trials of the gp96 tumor vaccine in glioma treatment.
Post-traumatic stress disorder risk and witnessing team members in acute psychological stress during combat
Authors: Adler Amy B. , Svetlitzky Vlad , Gutierrez Ian A. 
Published: September 2020

Background
Occupational groups operating in dangerous environments may witness the development of acute stress reaction (ASR) in team members. Witnessing ASR in team members may increase the risk of developing subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.

Aims
To describe ASR symptoms that individuals witness, assess the relationship between witnessing a team member exhibiting ASR symptoms and an individual's own PTSD symptoms, and describe common intervention responses by peers.

Method
Cross-sectional, anonymous surveys were conducted with US soldiers who were previously deployed (sample 1; n = 176) and currently deployed sample 2; n = 497). Surveys assessed combat experiences, PTSD (PTSD Checklist-5), ASR exposure and intervention responses. Analyses included frequencies and binary logistic regression.

Results
Witnessing at least one ASR symptom during a combat-related event was reported by 51.7% in sample 1 and 42.4% in sample 2; the most commonly observed symptoms were being unable to function or being detached. Controlling for combat experiences, high levels of witnessing a team member exhibit ASR symptoms was associated with increased risk of subthreshold PTSD or PTSD in sample 1 (odds ratio (OR) = 8.69, 95% CI 2.29–42.60) and approached significance in sample 2 (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 0.98–2.81). Common intervention responses included providing a directive or yelling; many also reported being unsure how to respond.

Conclusions
Witnessing team members who exhibit ASR symptoms appears to be associated with screening positive for subthreshold PTSD or PTSD. Results suggest the need for further research into how to prepare individuals to manage ASR in team members and to examine ASR in other high-risk occupations.
Variation in clinical care associated with weekend admission and discharge in psychiatric in-patient units: retrospective case-note review
Authors: Williams Ryan , Farquharson Lorna , Rhodes Ellen , Dang Mary , Lindsay Natasha , Quirk Alan , Baldwin David S. , Crawford Mike J. 
Published: September 2020

Background
Questions have been raised regarding differences in the standards of care that patients receive when they are admitted to or discharged from in-patient units at weekends.

Aims
To compare the quality of care received by patients with anxiety and depressive disorders who were admitted to or discharged from psychiatric hospital at weekends with those admitted or discharged during the ‘working week’.

Method
Retrospective case-note review of 3795 admissions to in-patient psychiatric wards in England. Quality of care received by people with depressive or anxiety disorders was compared using multivariable regression analyses.

Results
In total, 795 (20.9%) patients were admitted at weekends and 157 (4.8%) were discharged at weekends. There were minimal differences in quality of care between those admitted at weekends and those admitted during the week. Patients discharged at weekends were less likely to be given sufficient notification (48 h) in advance of being discharged (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.39–0.78), to have a crisis plan in place (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.46–0.92) or to be given medication to take home (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.30–0.66). They were also less likely to have been assessed using a validated outcome measure (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.50–0.97).

Conclusions
There is no evidence of a ‘weekend effect’ for patients admitted to psychiatric hospital at weekends, but the quality of care offered to those who were discharged at weekends was relatively poor, highlighting the need for improvement in this area.
Refugee mental health research: challenges and policy implications
Authors: Chaplin Lucia , Ng Lauren , Katona Cornelius 
Published: September 2020

Summary
Mental illness is common among forced migrant populations, and ongoing mental illness can hinder refugees’ ability to negotiate the asylum process. This editorial rehearses the challenges of undertaking research among forced migrant populations, exploring how they could be addressed in future research, and outlines differences between forced migrant groups. It points to the growing body of evidence that can be called on in advocating for systemic change in government policy and mental health services, with significant support for a sensitive and objective inquisitorial approach to gathering evidence in support of asylum claims.
Fluid Restriction Therapy for Chronic SIAD; Results of a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Garrahy Aoife , Galloway Iona , Hannon Anne Marie , Dineen Rosemary , O’Kelly Patrick , Tormey William P , O’Reilly Michael W , Williams David J , Sherlock Mark , Thompson Chris J 
Published: September 2020

AbstractContextFluid restriction (FR) is the recommended first-line treatment for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), despite the lack of prospective data to support its efficacy.DesignA prospective nonblinded randomized controlled trial of FR versus no treatment in chronic SIAD.Interventions and OutcomeA total of 46 patients with chronic asymptomatic SIAD were randomized to either FR (1 liter/day) or no specific hyponatremia treatment (NoTx) for 1 month. The primary endpoints were change in plasma sodium concentration (pNa) at days 4 and 30.ResultsMedian baseline pNa was similar in the 2 groups [127 mmol/L (interquartile range [IQR] 126-129) FR and 128 mmol/L (IQR 126–129) NoTx, P = 0.36]. PNa rose by 3 mmol/L (IQR 2-4) after 3 days FR, compared with 1 mmol/L (IQR 0-3) NoTx, P = 0.005. There was minimal additional rise in pNa by day 30; median pNa increased from baseline by 4 mmol/L (IQR 2-6) in FR, compared with 1 mmol/L (IQR 0-1) NoTx, P = 0.04. After 3 days, 17% of FR had a rise in pNa of ≥5 mmol/L, compared with 4% NoTx, RR 4.0 (95% CI 0.66-25.69), P = 0.35. After 3 days, 61% of FR corrected pNa to ≥130 mmol/L, compared with 39% of NoTx, RR 1.56 (95% CI 0.87-2.94), P = 0.24.ConclusionFR induces a modest early rise in pNa in patients with chronic SIAD, with minimal additional rise thereafter, and it is well-tolerated. More than one-third of patients fail to reach a pNa ≥130 mmol/L after 3 days of FR, emphasizing the clinical need for additional therapies for SIAD in some patients.
Systemic Corticosteroids and Mortality in Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan, China
Authors: Wu Jianfeng , Huang Jianqiang , Zhu Guochao , Liu Yihao , Xiao Han , Zhou Qian , Si Xiang , Yi Hui , Wang Cuiping , Yang Daya , Chen Shuling , Liu Xin , Liu Zelong , Wang Qiongya , Lv Qingquan , Huang Ying , Yu Yang , Guan Xiangdong , Li Yanbing , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah , Cheng KarKeung , Peng Sui , Xiao Haipeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Systemic corticosteroids are now recommended in many treatment guidelines, although supporting evidence is limited to 1 randomized controlled clinical trial (RECOVERY).

Objective
To identify whether corticosteroids were beneficial to COVID-19 patients.

Methods
A total of 1514 severe and 249 critical hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 2 medical centers in Wuhan, China. Multivariable Cox models, Cox model with time-varying exposure and propensity score analysis (inverse-probability-of-treatment-weighting [IPTW] and propensity score matching [PSM]) were used to estimate the association of corticosteroid use with risk of in-hospital mortality in severe and critical cases.

Results
Corticosteroids were administered in 531 (35.1%) severe and 159 (63.9%) critical patients. Compared to the non-corticosteroid group, systemic corticosteroid use was not associated with beneficial effect in reducing in-hospital mortality in either severe cases (HR = 1.77; 95% CI, 1.08-2.89; P = 0.023), or critical cases (HR = 2.07; 95% CI, 1.08–3.98; P = 0.028). Findings were similar in time-varying Cox analysis. For patients with severe COVID-19 at admission, corticosteroid use was not associated with improved or harmful outcome in either PSM or IPTW analysis. For critical COVID-19 patients at admission, results were consistent with multivariable Cox model analysis.

Conclusion
Corticosteroid use was not associated with beneficial effect in reducing in-hospital mortality for severe or critical cases in Wuhan. Absence of the beneficial effect in our study in contrast to that observed in the RECOVERY clinical trial may be due to biases in observational data, in particular prescription by indication bias, differences in clinical characteristics of patients, choice of corticosteroid used, timing of initiation of treatment, and duration of treatment.
Acceleration of Environmental Electrostatic Potential Using Cholesky Decomposition with Adaptive Metric (CDAM) for Fragment Molecular Orbital (FMO) Method
Authors: Okiyama Yoshio , Nakano Tatsuya , Watanabe Chiduru , Fukuzawa Kaori , Komeiji Yuto , Segawa Katsunori , Mochizuki Yuji 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The calculation speed of the ab initio fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method can and must be increased by applying approximations to the environmental electrostatic potential (ESP) and the dimer electrostatic potential (dimer-es). These approximations were previously implemented by introducing the Cholesky decomposition with adaptive metric (CDAM) method to the FMO (Okiyama et al., Chem. Phys. Lett.2010, 490, 84). In this study, a distributed memory algorithm of CDAM was introduced to reduce the necessary memory size. The improved version of CDAM was applied to the ESP approximation and was shown to give sufficiently precise energy values while halving the calculation time.
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25(OH)D concentrations and blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Farapti Farapti , Fadilla Chusnul , Yogiswara Niwanda , Adriani Merryana 
Published: September 2020

Background: Hypertension and vitamin D deficiency are prevalent among the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and blood pressure (BP) in the elderly (age > 60 years). Methods: Randomized controlled trials from electronic databases on the elderly taking oral vitamin D, until the end of March 2019, were selected. Two reviewers independently screened the literature on the basis of specific inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes were serum 25(OH)D level, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) changes. Results: Our analysis revealed significant differences in serum 25(OH)D concentrations changes between the vitamin D and control groups (mean difference [MD] = 13.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.21–17.47; P < 0.000). There were no significant differences in SBP and DBP changes between the vitamin D and control groups. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in SBP changes between the hypertensive and vitamin D-deficient subgroups (MD = –4.01; 95% CI = –7.45 to –0.57; P = 0.02 and MD = –1.91; 95% CI = –3.48 to –0.34; P = 0.02, respectively), and DBP changes only in the hypertensive subgroup (MD = –2.22; 95% CI = –4.1 to –0.34; P = 0.02). Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation significantly increases 25(OH)D concentrations and seems beneficial in lowering BP, specifically in the elderly with elevated BP and vitamin D deficiency.