bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of growth media and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on growth and flowering indices of China Aster
Authors: Mohammadi Sana , Arghavani Masoud , Aelaei Mitra , Farahani Elham , Sayyad-Amin Pegah , Esmaeili Somayeh 
Published: December 2024

Our work focused on applying different growth media and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) treatments on growth parameters of China Aster as a worldwide ornamental plant. This plant has many uses such as medicinal plant, seasonal and cut flower and green spaces or landscaping. The treatments included four types of growth media (soil (S), soil+perlite (SP), soil+cocopeat (SC) and soil+cocopeat +perlite (SCP)) and three types of incubation status included incubation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) of Bacillus subtilis (B.subtilis) and Pseudomonas putida (P.putida), and no-bacterial incubation with three replicates. Regardless of growth media, P.putida had greater plant height than B.subtilis. SCP with or without bacterial incubation had the highest plant height and numbers of axillary shoots among the applied growth media. SCP with P.putida had the greatest chlorophyll content (1.29 mg.g-1 FW) and leaf area (1495.05 mm2). SCP with or without bacterial incubation had the highest number and diameters of flowers among other treatments. SCP plus P.putida showed maximum leaf nitrogen (N), SC and SP plus B.subtilis had highest leaf phosphorous (P) and potassium (K), respectively. Our results demonstrated that applying SCP as a compound growth media, with or without bacterial incubation, had best effects on growth and flowering indices.
Gestational hypercholanemia suppresses pregnancy‐associated adipose mass increase and stimulates a pro‐inflammatory environment in mice
Authors: Nikolova Vanya , Mitchell Alice L. , Bellafante Elena , Jansen Eugene , Papacleovoulou Georgia , Bergh Per‐Olof , Marshall Hanns‐Ulrich , Williamson Catherine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWomen with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) have hypercholanemia alongside an increased risk of dyslipidemia. We investigated how cholic acid (CA) supplementation in murine pregnancy impacts adipose tissue function. Mice were fed normal or 0.5% CA‐supplemented chow from identification of copulatory plug until gestational day 14 or 15 (n = 10–11/group) and were matched experimentally with nonpregnant mice (n = 7/group). Tissue weights were measured alongside plasma bile acids, glucose, lipids, reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM), and adipokines. Subcutaneous and gonadal adipocyte mRNA expression was evaluated. CA supplementation inhibited pregnancy‐associated adipose tissue expansion and decreased fetal weight. CA diet in pregnancy increased LDL‐cholesterol and reduced HDL‐cholesterol. Pregnancy and CA diet reduced lipid metabolism transcript expression in adipocytes. CA supplementation during pregnancy increased plasma ROM by 1.24‐fold and suppressed inflammatory‐modulating pentraxin‐2/3 and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) levels by >50% and >80%, respectively. Together, we show that hypercholanemia disturbs pregnancy‐associated adipose tissue expansion and mRNA expression in late gestation concomitant with reduced IGF‐1, altered lipid availability and increased inflammation and oxidation, which could impact fetal growth. This work highlights the need to better understand adipose tissue and redox stress changes in ICP pregnancies and the potential implications for fetal health.
An experimental investigation by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the study of mechanism of copper electrodeposition from an acidic bath
Authors: Parida Sudeshna , Mallik Archana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The mechanism of copper electrodeposition with varying potential investigated by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been reported in this current study. The bath of the deposit has limited and unlimited supply of copper ions to the substrate by using two counter electrodes i.e., platinum (Pt) and copper (Cu) respectively. The electrodeposition of copper on graphite electrodes was investigated by utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV), potentiostatic and EIS methods. On the Nyquist plots, copper ion charge transfer is represented by a single capacitive constant at high frequencies while copper ion diffusion from the solution to the electrode surface is represented by a Warburg-type contribution at low frequencies. The corresponding Bode plots represent a decent matching between the experimental and fitting data. The effect of potential on double-layer capacitance, diffusion coefficient, and diffusion layer thickness along the interface of electrode and electrolyte has been discussed extensively. The morphologies of the copper particles depositing on the surface of the electrode were also studied and it shows a transition from spherical to dendritic structure as a function of deposition potential.
Samuel Rutherford (1600–1661) and Adiaphora: The Regulative Principle of Worship and the Rule of Christ
Authors: Lee Jaekook 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper explores seventeenth-century Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherford’s (1600–1661) views on adiaphora and the regulative principle of worship (RPW). Rutherford criticised those who endorsed the authority of civil magistrates and church government to legislate ecclesiastical laws concerning indifferent matters in worship. Scholars have focussed on the RPW of the Westminster Standards, but the theological and philosophical controversies surrounding the RPW and its relationship with adiaphora in early modern Britain remain understudied. While the Scottish Presbyterian understanding of the RPW and its relationship with adiaphora has faced criticism for perceived inconsistency, this paper argues that Rutherford’s view on the RPW and adiaphora is coherent. It further asserts that Rutherford’s RPW and his notion of adiaphora were rooted in the Reformation emphasis on Scripture and grace given through Christ. Also, the study highlights that Rutherford’s RPW was supported by his Two Kingdoms doctrine, emphasising Christ’s evangelical rule in the Church.
“Capite nobis vulpes” (Song 2:15): The Struggle of Libertus Fromondus (1587–1653) with Leonardus Lessius’ Theological Legacy
Authors: De Preter Anton , François Wim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This essay takes its starting point in the critique the Leuven theologian Libertus Fromondus (1587–1653) formulated against the theological legacy of Leonardus Lessius (1554–1623) a quarter of a century after the Jesuit’s death. This criticism is part of the long-standing controversy that raged in the Leuven theological milieu between the professors of the University, on the one hand, and the Jesuits, on the other. The former, following the anti-Pelagian Augustine, stressed the overwhelming necessity of God’s grace for the salvation of humanity, fundamentally corrupted after the Fall, while the latter gave more space to the contribution of humans’ free will and agency in their attaining eternal salvation. This article first situates Fromondus’ engagement with Lessius’ theological legacy in the setting of this decades-long debate in the Leuven theological milieu from the sixteenth century onwards. It then focuses on how the controversy between the aforementioned key figures was reflected in their commentaries on three scriptural passages, specifically Song 5:2–6, Rom 8:29–32, and 1Tim 2:4–6. When relevant, we also include references to the Augustinus of Cornelius Jansenius “the younger” (1585–1638), Fromondus’ predecessor as Royal professor of Sacred Scripture in Leuven.
Effects of casting mold temperature on tensile properties of Pb–Sn–Ca alloys for negative grids of lead-acid batteries
Authors: Dzenzerskiy Victor Olexander , Tarasov Serhii Vasyl , Sukhova Olena Victor , Ivanov Volodymyr Anatoliy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this work grain structure and tensile properties of as-cast and aged Pb–Sn–Ca alloys (with tin-to-calcium content ratio ranged from 2.6 to 3.3) used to produce negative grids for lead-acid batteries were determined. The microstructure of the alloys was studied by scanning microscopic and quantitative metallographic analyses. Mechanical properties in terms of ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation were estimated at room temperature using TIRAtest 2,300 universal testing machine. Based on the tensile test results, average stress-strain curves for aged Pb–Sn–Ca alloys were plotted for the subsequent age-strengthening analysis. The studies showed that the significant casting process parameter was the mold temperature that markedly affected grain structure of the alloys. With mold temperature rising from 60 °C to 170 °C, an average grain size was increased by as much as two-fold. As a result, elongation increased by 55 %, but ultimate tensile strength decreased by 25 %. Ageing time affected grain structure of the alloys to a much lesser degree since the change in average grain size was negligible. Strengthening occurred rapidly within first 3 days of ageing during storage at ambient temperature. With ageing time prolonged up to 35 days no appreciable differences in the tensile properties’ values were found.
Thermodynamic modeling, metallothermic synthesis, and characterization of ferrotitanium
Authors: Oncel Levent 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ferrotitanium is widely used in alloying stainless steels to enhance their strength, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance. Ferrotitanium’s advantages over pure titanium – such as better solubility in the liquid steel bath and lower cost – have made it the preferred choice in stainless steel alloying. In this study, it was aimed to produce ferrotitanium alloy through the metallothermic reduction of Fe2O3 and TiO2. The system’s thermodynamic modeling was performed using HSC Chemistry 6.12 and FactSage 7.1. The experimental studies investigated the effect of using aluminum as a reductant with varying stoichiometries on the total metal recovery yield, hardness, and microstructure. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and hardness measurement techniques were employed in characterization studies. The results of the experimental studies showed that the highest metal recovery yields were obtained with 105 % stoichiometric aluminum as 97.9 % for Fe and 100 % for Ti.
Government-Foundations Partnerships: Rationales and Influence on Policy
Authors: Feit Galia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study explores the perceptions of senior professionals from government ministries and philanthropic foundations regarding the potential to influence public policies through regulated “joint venture” partnerships. Through interviews, the study highlights the reflections of these stakeholders on precautions to prevent disproportionate influence by philanthropic foundations. The findings indicate that both sectors recognize the complementary advantages each party brings to the partnership, including flexibility and innovation from foundations and the authority and resources of the government. However, the study also underscores the need for further research to clearly define and evaluate the concerns and boundaries for influence. By providing insights into the dynamics of these partnerships, the study contributes to understanding the balance of power and the mechanisms required to ensure ethical partnerships.
Sacrifice as Necessity and the Ascetic Principle of Filmmaking: Andrei Tarkovsky Reconsidered
Authors: Radovic Milja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article focuses on sacrifice as a necessity and as an ascetic principle of the artistic process of creation. Examining the thought of Andrei Tarkovsky and the ways in which it manifests in his films, the article focuses on two concepts: ascetic iconography and sacrifice. In investigating the concept of sacrifice, not as intellectualised exercise but rather as a creative, authentic act, this article argues that sacrifice as necessity is an ascetic principle. This principle involves self-sacrificial life, which is visibly manifested through iconographic language, shaped by ascetic experience, whose final aim is to invite the observer into an active state-of-being (as being-with), the participation in historical–ontological reality in the eternal presence of God. The inverse perspective of ascetic language centralises the human being, one’s heart, as the foci point for metanoia – sacrifice – the circumcision. The transformation of the heart offers a radically new experience of reality and consequently humanity. A similar linguistic–experiential principle is applied in the film language of Andrei Tarkovsky whose originality, which though cannot be “decoded,” can be examined closer in the light of the ascetic iconographic tradition that moulded him, as well as his cultural context, influencing greatly the film language of many other notable film artists, including Sergei Eisenstein. For Andrei Tarkovsky (self) sacrifice was the only possible manifestation of ontological freedom, the state of joyful sorrow, in man’s striving for eternal love. Tarkovsky’s thought is inseparable from its iconographic tradition in the sense of “seeing the world by denying oneself.”
Working memory updating in the macaque lateral prefrontal cortex
Authors: Qian Yichen , Herikstad Roger , Libedinsky Camilo 
Published: December 2024

Working memory updating is an important executive process. Here, we study the single-neuron mechanisms involved in updating versus protecting memory from distractors in the macaque prefrontal cortex. We recorded single-neuron activity from the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) and prearcuate cortex (PAC) while male monkeys performed a task that required them to update their memory of target locations while ignoring distractors. Our findings revealed that neurons in the PAC signaled updated memory locations approximately ∼100 ms after stimulus onset, significantly faster than the ∼400 ms observed in the LPFC. Additionally, PAC neurons exhibited longer encoding of distractor information. Population decoding analyses further indicated that distractor information was maintained in orthogonal subspaces from target information in both regions, minimizing interference. These results demonstrate the distinct temporal dynamics in memory updating processes between the PAC and LPFC and highlight the interplay between robust memory maintenance and updating, suggesting that local neural mechanisms may contribute to these processes.Significance StatementWorking memory is a fundamental cognitive function. It stored information in the short term, and this information can be manipulated to allow intelligent behaviors. The lateral prefrontal cortex is involved in this process, but the mechanisms of working memory manipulation remain unclear. Here, we studied one type of manipulation; working memory updating, which refers to the exchange of one memory for another. We found that two adjacent regions in the lateral prefrontal cortex show different updating times: while a posterior region updates memory content very fast, the more anterior region takes significantly longer. These results show that working memory updating may involve multiple operations, such as updating of memory or attention versus updating of motor plans.
CONTRIBUCIONES DE LA ESPAÑA INTERIOR A LAS INFRAESTRUCTURAS HOSPITALARIAS DEL SIGLO XX
Authors: García-Lozano Rafael Ángel 
Published: December 2024

Para comprender de forma más integral el desarrollo de la sanidad en España resulta decisivo acercarnos a los equipamientos sanitarios construidos en la última etapa de nuestra historia, singularmente durante el tercer cuarto del siglo XX, y más alejados de las grandes capitales. A pesar de su relativa modestia, estos centros hospitalarios, tuvieron una relevancia decisiva en las zonas más apartadas de los núcleos de investigación y desenvolvimiento de la medicina y la ciencia españolas, especialmente en las regiones menos desarrolladas. Junto a los medios aportados por el Sistema Nacional de Salud, la contribución de las Diputaciones en cuanto a infraestructuras hospitalarias consiguió garantizar una cobertura prácticamente universal a los ciudadanos de estos territorios, no obstante la cierta contención formal y dotacional de sus edificios. Atentemos al caso de Zamora como ejemplo de las moderadas aportaciones de la España interior. Para ello recurrimos al estudio de la documentación producida por órganos del ministerio gubernamental y la propia Diputación provincial, así como al análisis de los distintos proyectos arquitectónicos del hospital promovido por la corporación en la década de los 60. Abordamos así la respuesta contextualizada de esta dotación hospitalaria, incorporada posteriormente al sistema sanitario autonómico, hasta su derribo en 2015.
Ad-hoc-Publizität bei zeitlich gestreckten Vorgängen nach der VO (EU) 2024/2809 (Listing Act-VO)
Authors: Sajnovits Alexander 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die am 4. Dezember 2024 in Kraft getretene Verordnung (EU) 2024/2809 (Listing Act-VO) reformiert das Ad-hoc-Publizitätsregime der Marktmissbrauchsverordnung (Market Abuse Regulation – MAR) für Zwischenschritte in zeitlich gestreckten Vorgängen mit Wirkung zum 5. Juni 2026 grundlegend. Der Beitrag analysiert die durch die Listing Act-VO eingeführten Neuerungen der Ad-hoc-Publizität bei solchen Vorgängen. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Einführung einer Ausnahme von der Veröffentlichungspflicht für Zwischenschritte zugunsten einer neuen Geheimhaltungspflicht sowie die damit einhergehende partielle Entkopplung von Insiderrecht und Ad-hoc-Publizität. Der Beitrag untersucht, ob die Reform die Zielkonflikte zwischen Marktpreiseffizienz und der Prävention von Insiderhandel auflöst und ob die angestrebte Entlastung der Emittenten tatsächlich realisiert werden kann.
Studienfinanzierung durch Bildungsfonds – Rechtsformfragen und Refinanzierung
Authors: Möller Matthias , Vogel Hans-Gert 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Neben der staatlichen Förderung nach dem BAföG haben unter den studentischen Geldquellen in den letzten Jahren auch herkömmliche Studienkredite, wie sie etwa von der Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW), den Darlehenskassen einzelner Studierendenwerke oder gewerblichen Kreditinstituten vergeben werden, an Bedeutung verloren (vgl. dazu etwa Studie des CHE, Studienfinanzierung in Deutschland 2022). Die entstehende Lücke in der externen Finanzierung Studierender in Deutschland wird zunehmend durch Studienfinanzierungsverträge sog. Bildungsfonds geschlossen. Deren Geschäftsmodell, das inzwischen auch auf das Interesse der gewerblichen Kreditwirtschaft stößt, besteht nicht in der Vergabe von Gelddarlehen an Studierende, sondern in deren Förderung durch laufende Zahlungen und sonstige (immaterielle) Unterstützungsleistungen während ihrer akademischen Ausbildung. Basierend auf dem Prinzip einer Solidargemeinschaft der Geförderten, leisten diese nach Abschluss ihres Studiums und erfolgreichem Berufseinstieg während einer bestimmten und im Voraus definierten Zeitspanne „Rückzahlungen“ in Höhe eines bestimmten Prozentsatzes ihres Bruttoeinkommens, sofern dieses einen bestimmten Mindestbetrag übersteigt. Während die zivil- und aufsichtsrechtliche Beurteilung entsprechender Studienfinanzierungsverträge Gegenstand eines früheren Beitrags der Verfasser in dieser Zeitschrift waren (ZBB 2024, 194 ff.), befasst sich der nachstehende Aufsatz mit Fragen der Rechtsform und Organisationsstruktur von Bildungsfonds sowie mit der Refinanzierung ihres (Aktiv-) Geschäfts am Kapitalmarkt.
Diseño ficción para futuros preferibles: un análisis del caso Gastrografías neourbanas
Authors: Carrero Ángel Laura Natalia 
Published: December 2024

Concebirnos en la cotidianidad como usuarios pasivos del futuro es sencillo cuando asumimos —enajenadamente— que la responsabilidad de crearlo recae en un dedicado comité de mentes encargadas de anunciarnos cuándo y de qué manera debemos adaptarnos para desatar esa perpetua sensación de que el futuro es hoy. Pero, ¿qué pasaría si aceptáramos que el futuro es simplemente una cadena de decisiones tomadas diariamente por quienes asumen la posibilidad de liberar sus ideas de la fugacidad de un pensamiento invasivo? Pues tal es la premisa que motiva al diseño ficción como metodología para la proposición de escenarios futuros y la toma de decisiones. El presente artículo se propone dar cuenta del resultado del trabajo investigativo denominado Gastrografías neourbanas, el cual tuvo por objeto plantear una serie de productos y servicios conceptuales haciendo uso del diseño ficción como metodología aplicada a la cocina. No se aplica como una dependencia arquitectónica, sino como un elemento esencial para la función social del ser humano entorno a la ingesta. Además, las propuestas toman como principal referente estético e ideológico al género utópico de clima ficción conocido como solarpunk, y su característica integración de lo ambientalmente sostenible con lo tecnológicamente innovador.
Principales factores de la inclusión financiera en países de América del sur.
Authors: Caro Norma Patricia , Hernández María 
Published: December 2024

La inclusión financiera es el acceso generalizado a servicios financieros y su utilización efectiva como medio para mejorar el bienestar de la población. En esta investigación se confirman los principales factores de la inclusión financiera en países de ingresos medios – altos y altos de América del Sur, según la definición del Banco Mundial a través de la aplicación de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales generalizados (GSEM) con base en tres dimensiones: el acceso (o uso tradicional), el uso digital y la educación financiera como variables latentes que poseen relaciones causales entre ellas y explican un conjunto de indicadores.
Linfoma de Burkitt de localización inusual en pacientes con VIH. Reporte de dos casos
Authors: Solorzano-Torrejano Federico , Cubides-Cruz Cristian Leonardo , Ortiz-Roa Cynthia , Parra-Medina Rafael , Cuervo-Maldonado Sonia Isabel 
Published: December 2024

Introducción. El linfoma de Burkitt (LB) es un tipo de linfoma no Hodgkin poco frecuente y de rápido crecimiento. Se ha reportado una mayor incidencia de LB en pacientes con VIH.
Presentación de los casos. Caso 1: hombre de 42 años con VIH (estadio A2) en terapia antirretroviral (TARV) que ingresó al servicio de urgencias de un hospital oncológico de cuarto nivel de Bogotá D. C. (Colombia) por dolor abdominal e ictericia y fue diagnosticado con síndrome biliar obstructivo. En estudios de imagen se identificó masa en el páncreas que luego fue diagnosticada como LB mediante estudio histopatológico, por lo que se inició quimioterapia con protocolo R-DA EPOCH, el cual posteriormente fue cambiado a Hyper-CVAD debido a evidencia de compromiso del sistema nervioso central, ajustando también la TARV a disoproxil fumarato/emtricitabina/dolutegravir por la presencia de interacciones farmacológicas. Actualmente, el paciente está a la espera de iniciar terapia de trasplante autólogo de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas para consolidar el manejo del LB. Caso 2: mujer de 28 años con VIH (estadio C3) en TARV (mala adherencia) inicialmente diagnosticada con cáncer de mama. Ante la pobre respuesta al esquema inicial de quimioterapia, se realizó un nuevo análisis histológico y con base en los hallazgos se diagnosticó con LB en mama; la paciente también presentó criptococosis pulmonar. Una vez completó el tratamiento para la criptococosis pulmonar, se inició nuevo esquema de quimioterapia (R-CHOP) y se ajustó la TARV a Tenofovir/Emtricitabina y Raltegravir, logrando la resolución completa del LB luego de 6 ciclos de quimioterapia.
Conclusión. En pacientes con VIH y masas en localizaciones atípicas se debe tener un alto índice de sospecha de neoplasias linfoproliferativas de alto grado como el LB. Mediante los casos aquí reportados esperamos ampliar el conocimiento de este tipo de presentaciones inusuales del LB y, de esa forma, mejorar las probabilidades de un diagnóstico oportuno en esta población.