bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of cortical bone plate allografts combined with LISS plates for fixation of comminuted distal femur fractures
Authors: Guo Zhimin , Shi Conghui , Liu Hui , Chen Zhida , Lin Yongzhi , Wu Jin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: At present, the management of comminuted distal femur fractures remains challenging for orthopedic surgeons. The aim of this study is to report a surgical treatment for comminuted distal femur fractures using supplementary medial cortical bone plate allografts in conjunction with the lateral less invasive stabilization system (LISS) plates, and to discuss the therapeutic effects of this treatment after long-term follow-up with patients. Patients and methods: From January 2009 to January 2014, the records of thirty-three patients who underwent supplementary medial cortical bone plate allografts combined with lateral LISS plate fixation were reviewed. Twenty-nine patients suffered from closed fractures and four had open fractures. Clinical and radiographic data were collected during regular post-operative follow-up visits. Functional outcomes were determined according to the special surgery knee rating scale (HSS) used at the hospital. Results: Thirty patients were followed for 13 to 73 months after surgery, with an average follow-up time of 31.3 months. The mean time to bone union was 5.4 months (range of 3-12 months) and the mean range of knee flexion was 105.6º (range of 80º-130º). Of the remaining patients, 10 had a score of “Excellent” while 10 had a score of “Good” (the proportion of “Excellent” and “Good” scores was 67.7%). Three patients had superficial or deep infections, one patient had nonunion that required bone grafting and one patient had post-traumatic knee arthritis. No loosening of fixation or refracture had occurred in any patient at the time of the last follow-up appointment. Conclusions: Based on these promising results, we propose that supplementary medial cortical bone plate allografts combined with lateral LISS plates fixation may be a good treatment option for comminuted distal femur fractures. This treatment choice not only resulted in markedly improved stability on the medial side of the femur, but also satisfactory outcomes for distal femoral fractures.
Using of Digital Droplet PCR in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA with FFPE and Cytological samples
Authors: Cao Ziyang , Wu Wei , Wei Haiting , Gao Caixia , Zhang Liping , Wu Chunyan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Accurate diagnosis for TB is essential for TB control. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a technology that has high sensitivity. However, the use of ddPCR for the detection of TB pathogen in pathological samples is not been fully studied.Methods: A total of 88 samples from the patients who were suspected of tuberculosis were involved in this study, including 65 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens and 22 cytological samples. Digital Droplet PCR was used to compare the sensitivity with Real-time PCR. The real-time PCR ct value and ddPCR TB abundant ratio were analyzed by SPSS software.Results: Among the 62 samples that were “possible TB” detected by real-time PCR, 34 samples were ddPCR-positive, 18 samples were ddPCR-negative, and 10 samples were in “gray area” by ddPCR. 26 patients that were ddPCR-positive received anti-tuberculosis therapy and 14 cases of them benefit from the treatment.Conclusions: ddPCR is more sensitive in the detection of TB than Real-time PCR. ddPCR methods can be used as an additional means for the diagnosis of TB from pathological samples.
Interpreting Discordant Monosomy 3 FISH and Chromosomal Microarray Analysis Results in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Coley Nicholas , Long Christopher , Sennik Simrin , Thorson John , Lin Jonathan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Uveal melanoma is the most common primary ocular tumor in adults and causes morbidity through lymphovascular metastasis. The presence of monosomy 3 in uveal melanomas is one of the most important prognostic indicators for metastasis. Two major molecular pathology testing modalities to assess monosomy 3 are fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). Here, we report two cases of discordant monosomy 3 test results in uveal melanoma enucleation specimens using these molecular pathology tests.Case presentation: The first case is a uveal melanoma from a 51-year-old male that showed no evidence of monosomy 3 by CMA, but was subsequently detected by FISH. The second case is a uveal melanoma from a 49-year-old male that showed monosomy 3 at the limit of detection by CMA that was not detected by subsequent FISH.Conclusions: These two cases underscore the differences of each testing modality for monosomy 3. The high percentage of cells with one chromosome 3 signal requisite for a positive monosomy 3 FISH result may not be sensitive enough to detect a low level of monosomy 3 that CMA can detect. Conversely, a small uveal melanoma with monosomy 3 may be missed by CMA owing to background DNA from cytologically normal retina and other ocular tissues. Our cases suggest that both testing methods should be pursued for uveal melanoma, with a single positive result for either test interpreted as presence of monosomy 3.
New evidence on the effect of smoking on the obesity risk among adults, Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, 1991-2015)
Authors: Zhao Jian , Sun Jian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: To estimate the approximately causal effects of smoking on the obesity risk among Chinese adults.Methods: Using China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) datasets from 1991 to 2015, this study consisted of 35,907 males and 39,441females aged 18-65 years. Using ordinary-least squares and probit models to investigate the effects of smoking on risk of obesity among Chinese adults.Results: Male current smokers had a higher dietary energy intake (23.28 unit), percentage of dietary energy intake from fat (0.47 unit), physical activity (9.96 unit), drinking (0.61 unit) but less likely to be general obesity (0.17 unit) and abdominal obesity (0.12 unit) than nonsmokers. Female current smokers less likely to be general obesity (0.03 unit) and abdominal obesity (0.12 unit) than nonsmokers. Male heavy smokers (>25 cigarettes/d) had higher dietary energy intake (89.65 unit), physical activity (15.31 unit), drinking (0.08 unit) and more likely to be general obesity (0.18 unit) and abdominal obesity (0.10 unit) than other smokers.Conclusions: Compared with nonsmokers, current smokers had lower probability of being general obesity and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults regardless of gender. Male heavy smokers increased the risk of obesity than other smokers. These findings may improve the understanding on how cigarette smoking affects fat distribution and provide scientific evidence regarding intervention in smoking and obesity, especially for male heavy smokers
Seasonality in tuberculosis occurrence in the Federal District, Brazil
Authors: Paz Leidijany Costa , oliveira Silvano Barbosa , Fernandes Fernanda Monteiro de Castro , Júnior Antonio Felipe Couto , Evangelista Maria do Socorro Nantua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although tuberculosis (TB) is an endemic infectious disease in Brazil, the Federal District has a different epidemiology from other Brazilian locations. Investigation of disease seasonality, which needs to be further explored in tropical regions, may indicate risk factors specific to peak incidence seasons that could be controlled if better understood. To investigate the influence of seasonality (SA) in the occurrence of tuberculosis in the Federal District (FD) of Brazil. METHODS: This is an ecological time series (TS) study based on secondary data. The unit of analysis was the month of TB diagnosis from 2001 to 2018. We used the X-13ARIMA-SEATS (X-13) seasonal adjustment software in automatic mode with additive decomposition. Seasonality was analyzed using the Friedman test (0.001) and Kruskal-Wallis test (0.01) for stable seasonality. Moving seasonality was verified by Friedman test (0.05), and the identifiable seasonality was constructed from the combination of the three tests. The annual average seasonal amplitude was calculated from the isolated seasonal factors. RESULTS: 6,161 TB cases were diagnosed in the Federal District, 28 cases per month on average (± 6.6). We observed peaks in April and August and decreased detection in November and December, with an average annual seasonal amplitude of 34.0%. The F test and the Kruskal-Wallis test revealed evidence of SA at 0.001 and 0.01, respectively. Moving SA was not identified at a significance level of 0.5 neither in the combination of the three tests. CONCLUSION: the TS tends to suggest a limited seasonality of TB in the FD. Some incidence peaks were observed in some specific months, showing a relevance of seasonality at the local level, which may reflect an influence of access to health service patterns from the onset of symptoms to the diagnostic elucidation of the disease.
Using field-portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to identify the origin of Linqing brick: Considering for impact factors, assessing reliability and providing scientific advices
Authors: Chen Zexuan , Zhang Long , Hou Feng , Xie Jialiang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Linqing brick is very famous in Chinese history. In 2008, "The manufacturing process of Linqing brick" was selected as the intangible cultural heritage list in China. Now in China, how to identify the origin of Linqing brick is an important issue in archeology and architectural history research. It can be used to verify some assumptions about the history of heritage buildings which cannot be solved only by historical documents. It can also be used to study the history of Linqing brick. Field portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (FPXRF) can quickly and non-destructively determine the main elements and concentrations of Linqing brick in situ. It may be significant for identifying the origin of Linqing brick. But FPXRF could be affected by many factors and it can only measure the element concentrations of surface. Which method we use can provide the most reliable data is an important issue. The aim of this study was to verify the reliability of FPXRF and to systematically evaluate different influential factors on measurement precision and accuracy, which can help with scientific advice for its use. We set up four experiments to determine the influential factors and assess reliability by cross validation using ICP-OES. Finally, we ensured that the FPXRF was reliable and determined the scientific advice required to use it to measure the main elements and concentrations of Linqing brick.
The ADAMTS9 gene is associated with mandibular retrusion in a Chinese population
Authors: Cai Ying , Ni Zhenyu , Chen Weiting , Zhou Yu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Many studies suggest that genetics plays an important role in mandibular retrusion. In this study, we hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ADAMTS9 gene is associated with mandibular retrusion in a Han Chinese population.Methods: Saliva samples from 60 patients undergoing orthodontic for correction of malocclusion were collected. 130 SNPs genotyping of ADAMTS9 was used to asses the association of polymorphisms with the mandibular retrusion. The general linear model using age,gender and ANB as covariates weighed the relationship between SNP and mandibular retrusion. Additionally we leveraged the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method to investigate SNP-SNP interactions. The significance level was set at P < 0.05 in this study.Results: The general linear model results showed that four SNPs (rs1014640,rs7648540,rs75839462 and rs4605539 ) in the ADAMTS9 gene may be related to the occurrence of mandibular retrusion,even after Bonferroni correction. In addition, we further found that the interaction between the ADAMTS9 rs75839462 and ADAMTS9 rs80118777 promoted the occurrence of mandibular retrusion.Conclusion: Our finding suggest that the ADAMTS9 gene may cause mandibular retrsusion independently and through SNP-SNP interactions.
Comparative analysis of microbiome of bladder cancer patients
Authors: Ishaq Ayesha , Zahid Saman , Mukhtar Salma , Azim Muhammad Kamran , Akhtar Saleem , Irfan Muhammad , Malik Kauser Abdulla 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: It has been studied that the urinary tract, which was once considered to be sterile retains a unique microbiome. The current study was performed to explore the microbiome of male and female cancerous bladder tissue, including 01 control sample and 09 cancer samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In previous studies, the significance of microbiome has been found to be associated with the bladder cancer. For diversity analysis, V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA were used for PCR and later sequencing was carried out through Illumina, Miseq platform. The metadata generated was analyzed on QIIME 1.9.1.Result: The bacterial diversity detected showed that five of the phyla; namely Proteobacteria (38.1%), Firmicutes (37.8%), Actinobacteria (5.9%), Thermi (4.9%) and Tenericutes (2.5%) were more abundant in all samples as compared to other phyla. The genera found in all samples were Enterobacter (18.3%), Bacillus (13.9%), Meiothermus (4.9%), Methylotenera (1.2%), Ralstonia (3.6%) and Streptocococcus (1.4%). Ralstonia and Streptococcus were absent in BLC 10 and BLC 2, respectively, while present in the rest. The results of alpha and beta diversity showed that female samples had more bacterial diversity and uniformity as compared to male samples. Conclusion: The present study used biopsy samples of newly diagnosed cancer patients without taking into account any treatment given to the cancer patients. Our analysis showed insignificant differences in alpha and beta diversity of male and female samples. The genus Meiothermus detected in this study was firstly reported in a bladder microbiome analysis. The data generated from such preliminary futuristic study can help in devising new diagnostic tools and therapies.
Intestinal Parasitic Infection and Its Associated Factors among Food Handlers in Ginnir Town, Bale Zone, Southeast, Ethiopia
Authors: Taye Solomon , Negero Asfaw , Benti Tomas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are the most common infections in the developing world. Globally, out of the 1.5 billion annual cases of diarrhea, about 70% or 1.05 billion cases are thought to be caused by biological contamination of food. In Ethiopia, due to poor environmental sanitation, low awareness about personal hygiene, lack of pure potable water, and improper faecal disposal, intestinal parasitic infections are highly prevalent. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitosis among food handlers working in food and drinking establishments in Ginnir town, southeast, Ethiopia.Method: Cross-sectional study design was employed from May 1 to May 29, 2014 in food and drinking establishments in Ginnir town. A total of 348 food handlers were selected using simple random sampling method. Stool specimens were collected and examined using direct saline and formol-ether concentration methods. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. A P-value <0.05 was considered as an indicator of statistical significance.Result: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among food handlers was 48/348(13.8%). Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 23/348(6.6%) followed by Giardia lamblia 16/348(4.6%), Ascaris lumbricoides 7/348(2.0%) and Strongyloides stercolaris 2/348(0.6%) were the most prevalent parasites. Moreover, comparable proportions of parasites were detected in males (52%) and females (48%). Habit of eating raw/under cooked vegetables (AOR=2.6, 95% CI=2.94-8.67) and poor personal hygiene (AOR=3.39, 95% CI=1.51-10.23) were factors significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections.Conclusion: The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among food handlers is relatively low. Though the prevalence rate is low; regular medical check-up, training and health education on safe food handling and processing should be given for all food handlers.
Short stem hip arthroplasty provides a more physiological load transfer: a comparative finite element analysis study
Authors: Yan Shuang G , Chevalier Yan , Liu Fanxiao , Hua Xingyi , Schreiner Anna , Jansson Volkmar , Schmidutz Florian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Short stem total hip arthroplasty (SHA) preserves femoral bone stock and is supposed to provide a more natural load transfer compared to standard stem total hip arthroplasty (THA). As comparative biomechanical reference data are rare we used a finite element analysis (FEA) approach to compare cortical load transfer after implantations of a cementless short and standard stem in native biomechanical femora.Methods: The subject specific finite element models of biomechanical femora, one native and two with implanted SHA (Metha, B.Braun Aesculap) and standard THA (CLS, Zimmer-Biomet), were generated from computed tomography datasets. The loading configuration was performed with an axial force of 1400 N. Von Mises stress was used to investigate the change of cortical stress distribution.Results: Compared to the native femur, a considerable reduction of cortical stress was recorded after implantation of SHA and standard THA. The SHA showed less reduction proximally with a significant higher metaphyseal cortical stress compared to standard THA. Moreover, the highest peak stresses were observed metaphyseal for the SHA stem while for the standard THA high stress pattern was observed more distally.Conclusions: Both, short and standard THA, cause unloading of the proximal femur. However, SHA features a clearly favorable pattern in terms of a lower reduction proximally and improved metaphyseal loading, while standard THA shows a higher proximal unloading and more distal load transfer. These load pattern implicate a reduced stress shielding proximally for SHA and might be able to translate in a better bone preservation.
Impacts of Stone Bund on Soil Quality in Masha-Deniba Micro-water Shed Loma woreda Dawuro Zone of Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Danano Kero Alemu , Laikemariam Fanuel Laikemariam 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: - Land degradation is one of the major challenges in agricultural production Ethiopia. To combat the problem different Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) measures were introduced. Methods: - This research was conducted in the Masha Deniba micro-watershed, Dawuro Zone, Southern Ethiopia aimed to assess impact of stone bund conservation on soil properties. This study compared the effects of stone bund age along landscape positions. Surface soil sample from 17 farms were collected and analyzed for soil bulk density (BD), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil. Result:- Results showed that farms treated with stone bunds showed improvement in soil chemical properties. For most parameters, the peak was obtained from stone bunds having 10 years age. The non- conserved plots had the lowest soil nutrients contents. Lower topographic position had shown higher nutrients contents than farms in upper topographic position. Overall, OC, TN, S and B contents were low in the watershed. Conclusion: - From the finding we can conclude that stone bunds improved soil nutrient when compared to non-treated farm with the respect of age and landscape position. But constructing physical structures alone does not restore the soil fertility to the level that the crop is demanding. Thus, integration of physical conservation with agronomic and biological measures is highly recommended.
The effect of a theory- informed behavior change techniques incorporated into a pedometer-based intervention on physical activity and weight of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: sabzmakan leila , Rajapour Razieh , Kordasiabi Mosharafeh Chaleshgar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Increasing physical activity plays an important role in the promotion of the quality of life of women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). This study examined the impact of a theory- informed behavior change techniques intervention in conjunction with a pedometer-based intervention on physical activity and weight of women with PCOS. Method : This research is an unmasked controlled trial study. 88 women with PCOS referred to Mahdieh hospital Tehran, Iran and met the inclusion criteria were assigned by random assignment method to the intervention (12-week pedometer-based intervention plus a theory- informed behavior change intervention) and the comparison (12-week pedometer-based intervention) group. The primary outcome was physical activity that was measured in two ways. Step-counts were measured using pedometer, and self-reported physical activity was measured via the international physical activity questionnaire. The secondary outcomes were predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors that were measured through a psychometric self-administered questionnaire. Weight was also measured as a secondary outcome. All outcomes were measured at baseline and after 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using STATA software version 13. Data analysis was performed on an intention to treat basis using Independent T-Test, ANOVA ANCOVA test, Repeated Measure ANOVA, and post-hoc analysis. Results : After adjusted mean, significant increases with a strong and moderate effect size were found in the intervention group relative to the comparison group for step-counts (P= 0.000, d = 2.01), walking (P=0.000, d=0.92), predisposing factors (P=0.000, d=1.05), enabling and reinforcing factors (P <0.05, d= 0.54 - 0.60). Significant decrease was found in the intervention group compared to the comparison group for weight (P=0.005) with a moderate effect size (d = 0.66). Conclusion : This pedometer-based intervention that applied behavior change techniques on the basis of predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors of the PRECEDE framework was affective to enhance physical activity and diminish the weight of women with PCOS. Therefore, it is suggested to incorporate theory- informed behavior change techniques into pedometer-based interventions for promoting physical activity. Trial registration : Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20161116030923N3. Keywords: Physical activity, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Theoretical framework, Behavior change techniques, Pedometer