bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: MiR‐191‐5p inhibits lung adenocarcinoma by repressing SATB1 to inhibit Wnt pathway
Authors: Zhou Lai‐yong , Zhang Fu‐wei , Tong Jian , Liu Fang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the function of miR‐191‐5p in lung adenocarcinoma and its possible mechanism.MethodsQRT‐PCR was adopted for the detection of the expression levels of miR‐191‐5p and SATB1 (HGNC: 10541). The effects of miR‐191‐5p and SATB1 on cell proliferation and migration were examined through the CCK‐8 and Transwell assays. Subsequently, the binding relationships between miR‐191‐5p and SATB1 were confirmed by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Finally, the potential mechanisms of action of miR‐191‐5p were explored through a serious of in vivo and in vitro experiments.ResultsLung adenocarcinoma patients had a notably lower expression level of miR‐191‐5p than controls, patients with metastasis had a lower level than those without metastasis, and the level in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in stage III‐IV was lower than that in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in stage I‐II. Overexpression of miR‐191‐5p repressed the migration and proliferation of lung cancer A549/H1650 cells. According to the reporter gene assay, miR‐191‐5p could bind to SATB1. Besides, SATB1 was significantly overexpressed in cancer tissues of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and SATB1 overexpression accelerated the migration and proliferation of A549/H1650 cells and reversed inhibition on cell migration and proliferation by miR‐191‐5p.ConclusionOverexpression of miR‐191‐5p is capable of blocking the migration and proliferation of lung cancer cells, and its mechanism may be through targeting SATB1 thus downregulating Wnt signaling.
Stem‐cell–based therapies to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Kubiak Carrie A. , Grochmal Joey , Kung Theodore A. , Cederna Paul S. , Midha Rajiv , Kemp Stephen W.P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPeripheral nerve injury remains a major cause of morbidity in trauma patients. Despite advances in microsurgical techniques and improved understanding of nerve regeneration, obtaining satisfactory outcomes after peripheral nerve injury remains a difficult clinical problem. There is a growing body of evidence in preclinical animal studies demonstrating the supportive role of stem cells in peripheral nerve regeneration after injury. The characteristics of both mesoderm‐derived and ectoderm‐derived stem cell types and their role in peripheral nerve regeneration are discussed, specifically focusing on the presentation of both foundational laboratory studies and translational applications. The current state of clinical translation is presented, with an emphasis on both ethical considerations of using stems cells in humans and current governmental regulatory policies. Current advancements in cell‐based therapies represent a promising future with regard to supporting nerve regeneration and achieving significant functional recovery after debilitating nerve injuries.
Quantifying the Monetary Value of Alaska National Forests to Commercial Pacific Salmon Fisheries
Authors: Johnson Adelaide C. , Bellmore J. Ryan , Haught Stormy , Medel Ronald 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Forested landscapes support a diversity of ecological processes and organisms having direct value to society. Assessments placing monetary value on forest processes and organisms can help inform management actions affecting these ecosystem services. The temperate rain forest ecoregion along the west coast of North America is home to five species of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. that support subsistence, personal-use, sport, and commercial fisheries. This study aimed to quantify the number and monetary value of commercially caught Pacific salmon originating from Alaska's Tongass and Chugach national forests, two adjacent national forests containing some of the world's largest remaining tracts of intact temperate rain forest. The proportion of commercially harvested wild Pacific salmon originating from streams and lakes within national forest boundaries was estimated by subtracting hatchery salmon and salmon originating outside national forest areas from the total commercial catch. The Tongass and Chugach national forests were major contributors to the overall number and value of commercially caught Pacific salmon in southeastern and southcentral Alaska. From 2007 to 2016 these national forests contributed an average of 48 million Pacific salmon annually to commercial fisheries, with a dockside value averaging US$88 million (inflation adjusted to the base year 2017). These “forest fish” represented 25% of Alaska's commercial Pacific salmon catch for this time period and 16% of the total commercial value. These findings emphasize the importance of Alaska's forest rivers and lakes for sustaining Pacific salmon and can contribute to discussions about alternative land management strategies that might impact Pacific salmon populations and associated commercial salmon fisheries.
Comparison of dynamic features of pelvic floor muscle contraction between men with and without incontinence after prostatectomy and men with no history of prostate cancer
Authors: Stafford Ryan E. , Coughlin Geoff , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo compare features of pelvic floor muscle function between men with and without incontinence after prostatectomy and men with no history of prostate cancer.MethodsThe study included men with incontinence postprostatectomy (PPI; n = 20), continent men postprostatectomy (PPC; n = 23) and a control group (CC; n = 20). Transperineal ultrasound imaging recorded motion associated with contraction of the striated urethral sphincter (SUS), puborectalis (PR) and bulbocavernosus (BC) muscles during maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), submaximal efforts, evoked coughing and bearing down. Anatomical landmark displacements were compared between groups and receiver operating characteristics were calculated to determine the threshold displacements that best differentiated PPI and PPC.ResultsPPC demonstrated greater SUS, PR, and BC displacement than PPI during MVC (All: P < .01). During cough, PPC had less bladder neck descent (PR lengthening), and greater BC shortening (P = .003) than both PPI and CC. PPC also achieved greater SUS displacement (P = .025) than PPI during cough. The best discrimination between PPI and PPC was achieved when men exceeded threshold displacement for both SUS (≥4.1 mm) and PR (≥2.4 mm) during MVC. The urethral length was not different between PPC and PPI.ConclusionsMen who were continent postprostatectomy achieved greater shortening of the SUS, PR, and BC muscles than incontinent men during voluntary contractions and demonstrated better PR and BC function than control participants during coughing. The capacity to shorten the SUS ≥4.1 mm and the PR ≥2.4 mm best distinguished between PPI and PPC and might be a useful clinical target for conservative treatment programs.
How do nurse managers describe clinical nurses' work arrangements? A qualitative study
Authors: Gan Ivan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimThe researcher sought to understand how nurse managers describe nurses in alternative work arrangements.DesignThe researcher conducted this study using grounded theory.MethodSemi‐structured interviews. A theoretical sample of 26 baccalaureate‐prepared nurse managers located across the United States participated in the study.ResultsA typology of five work arrangements provides descriptors that contribute toward greater conceptual clarity on nurses' work arrangements. The data reveal that the typology is fluid because nurses can easily switch across work arrangements. Because the rise in alternative work arrangements means that nurses can leave permanent positions—or explore different work arrangements—when circumstances permit or necessitate, nurses who do not receive continued mentoring will likely bring their deficiencies in skill and/or knowledge to facilities where they find future employment. Hence, inadequate mentoring at the unit level has practical consequences for the quality of patient care at the institutional level.
The Future of Positioning Technology Unfolds
Authors: Jordan Scott 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOver the span of forty years, the field of precision positioning has vaulted forward in broadly beneficial ways. For example, submicron‐resolution linear encoders, once available only in the costliest stages, are now affordably integrated into mechanisms as large as gantries and as small as matchbook‐sized nanopositioners. New motor concepts abound, ranging from the familiar DC servo, stepper and linear motors to include novel technologies like high‐speed, ultra‐stable resonant piezomotors and diminutive stick‐slip stages with nanoscale positionability over many millimeters of travel.
Visual Perception System Guides Robots
Authors: Vaitulevičius Linas , Breyer Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe perception abilities of industry robots and service robots alike need to be improved in order to enable man‐machine collaboration in the smart factory and reach higher autonomy of unmanned service vehicles. However, integration of intelligent computer vision solutions into robots still poses challenges, despite major developments such as the miniaturization of vision components. Therefore, the task is to develop an easy‐to‐integrate robot vision system that not only provides “eyes” to see anywhere, but also has a “brain” to create visual perception.
Preparation of carboxyl‐functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane by a structural transformation reaction from soluble rod‐like polysilsesquioxane
Authors: Kozuma Tomoya , Kaneko Yoshiro 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTCarboxyl‐functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (SQ; POSS‐COOH) was successfully prepared by a structural transformation reaction, that is, a process of heating and concentrating soluble carboxyl‐functionalized rod‐like polySQ (PolySQ‐COOH) using the aqueous superacid trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (HOTf) as the catalyst and solvent. The obtained POSS‐COOH was a mixture of a cage‐like decamer (T10‐POSS), which was the main product, and an octamer (T8‐POSS) and a dodecamer (T12‐POSS), which were the minor products. The product obtained by heating and concentrating PolySQ‐COOH using aqueous hydrochloric acid (HCl) as the catalyst and solvent was soluble polySQ rather than POSS. For comparison, heating and concentrating POSS‐COOH in aqueous HOTf and HCl were performed, which yielded POSS‐COOH and PolySQ‐COOH, respectively. Based on these results, the process of heating and concentrating each starting material (PolySQ‐COOH and POSS‐COOH) in aqueous HOTf afforded POSS‐COOH, and a similar process in aqueous HCl yielded PolySQ‐COOH. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2511–2518
Structure‐activity relationship in the case of intramolecular ortho‐cyclization of aromatic nitroso oxides: Inverted steric effect of substituent in the 2‐R‐C6H4NOO transformation
Authors: Yusupova Alfia R. , Chainikova Ekaterina M. , Safiullin Rustam L. , Khursan Sergey L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA systematic theoretical study at the M06L/6‐311+G(d, p) level of theory was carried out to calculate the activation barriers ΔH≠ for the intramolecular ortho‐cyclization of aromatic nitroso oxides 2‐R‐C6H4NOO and to reveal the effect of substituent nature and position in the benzene ring on the nitroso oxides reactivity. A set of 24 substituents with widely differing spatial and electronic properties (inductive, resonant, steric effects of R) was studied. The para‐substituent was shown to have little effect on the ΔH≠ value. The full set of effects of the R substituent contributes to the reactivity of ArNOO for 3‐substituted aromatic nitroso oxides. In the case of 5‐substituted ArNOO the Hammett‐type relationship was obtain to describe inductive and resonant effects of R on the ortho‐cyclization reactivity. The ortho‐cyclization for 2‐substituted nitroso oxides is a nontrivial example of the existence of an “inverted” steric effect, when an increase in substituent size accelerates intramolecular transformation. The substituent in position 6 also exhibits an “inverted” steric effect, but it is noticeably weaker than that for 2‐R‐C6H4NOO.
Robust distributedH∞filtering over an uncertain sensor network with multiple fading measurements and varying sensor delays
Authors: Hedayati Mohammad , Rahmani Mehdi 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of robust distributedH∞filtering is investigated for state‐delayed discrete‐time linear systems over a sensor network with multiple fading measurements, random time‐varying communication delays, and norm‐bounded uncertainties in all matrices of the system. The diagonal matrices, whose elements are individual independent random variables, are utilized to describe the multiple fading measurements. Furthermore, the Bernoulli‐distributed white sequences are introduced to model the random occurrence of time‐varying communication delays. In the proposed filtering approach, the stability of the estimation error system is first shown by the Lyapunov stability theory and theH∞performance is then achieved using a linear matrix inequality method. Finally, two numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and performance of the proposed approach.
A new approach to stabilization of high‐order nonlinear systems with an asymmetric output constraint
Authors: Chen Chih‐Chiang , Chen Guan‐Shiun 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the problem of state feedback stabilization for a class of high‐order nonlinear systems with an asymmetric output constraint. A novel asymmetric barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) is first proposed by deliberating the characteristics of the system nonlinearities. Then, the presented BLF, together with a skillful manipulation of sign functions, is utilized to delicately revamp the technique of adding a power integrator, thereby developing a systematic approach that guides us in constructing a continuous state feedback stabilizer and preventing the violation of a pre‐specified asymmetric output constraint during operation. The novelty of this paper is attributed to the development of a unified method that is able to simultaneously tackle the problem of stabilization for high‐order nonlinear systems with and without output constraints in a constructive fashion, without changing the controller structure. An illustrative example is presented to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach.
Design and Excellent HER Performance of a Novel 3D Mo–Doped Ni3S2/Ni Foam Composite
Authors: Chen Guoli , Chen Xiaoshuang , Song Kun , Zhao Nan , Wang Wenbo , Yin Guangming , Liu Yongzhi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA new method was applied to facilitate Mo doping in Ni3S2, which successfully fabricated Mo‐doped Ni3S2/Ni foam composite. The results of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) manifest that Mo element was triumphantly introduced into Ni3S2. The Mo‐doped Ni3S2/Ni foam composite possesses three‐dimensional (3D) hierarchical structure with column type characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The diameter of the column is ∼300 nm. Each of these columns is made up of many nanopetals. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) test results exhibit that the products have outstanding HER performance. The Tafel slope of the optimal Mo‐doped Ni3S2/Ni foam composite is 131.7 mV dec−1. The overpotentials are 97.1 mV and 392.1 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2 and 100 mA cm−2, respectively. Moreover, the products show good stability.
Combinatorial Delivery of miRNA‐Nanoparticle Conjugates in Human Adipose Stem Cells for Amplified Osteogenesis
Authors: Abu‐Laban Mohammad , Hamal Prakash , Arrizabalaga Julien H. , Forghani Anoosha , Dikkumbura Asela S. , Kumal Raju R. , Haber Louis H. , Hayes Daniel J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt is becoming more apparent in tissue engineering applications that fine temporal control of multiple therapeutics is desirable to modulate progenitor cell fate and function. Herein, the independent temporal control of the co‐delivery of miR‐148b and miR‐21 mimic plasmonic nanoparticle conjugates to induce osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs), in a de novo fashion, is described. By applying a thermally labile retro‐Diels–Alder caging and linkage chemistry, these miRNAs can be triggered to de‐cage serially with discrete control of activation times. The method relies on illumination of the nanoparticles at their resonant wavelengths to generate sufficient local heating and trigger the untethering of the Diels–Alder cycloadduct. Characterization of the photothermal release using fluorophore‐tagged miRNA mimics in vitro is carried out with fluorescence measurements, second harmonic generation, and confocal imaging. Osteogenesis of hASCs from the sequential co‐delivery of miR‐21 and miR‐148b mimics is assessed using xylenol orange and alizarin red staining of deposited minerals, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction for gene expression of osteogenic markers. The results demonstrate that sequential miRNA mimic activation results in upregulation of osteogenic markers and mineralization relative to miR‐148b alone, and co‐activation of miR‐148b and miR‐21 at the same time.
Switchable Adhesion of Micropillar Adhesive on Rough Surfaces
Authors: Tan Di , Wang Xin , Liu Quan , Shi Kui , Yang Baisong , Liu Sheng , Wu Zhong‐Shuai , Xue Longjian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSwitchable structured adhesion on rough surfaces is highly desired for a wide range of applications. Combing the advantages of gecko seta and creeper root, a switchable fibrillar adhesive composed of polyurethane (PU) as the backing layer and graphene/shape memory polymer (GSMP) as the pillar array is developed. The photothermal effect of graphene (under UV irradiation) changes GSMP micropillars into the viscoelastic state, allowing easy and intimate contact on surfaces with a wide range of roughness. By controlling the phase state of GSMP via UV irradiation during detachment, the GSMP micropillar array can be switched between the robust‐adhesion state (UV off) and low‐adhesion state (UV on). The state of GSMP micropillars determines the adhesion force capacity and the stress distribution at the detaching interface, and therefore the adhesion performance. The PU‐GSMP adhesive achieves large adhesion strength (278 kPa), high switching ratio (29), and fast switching (10 s) at the same time. The results suggest a design principle for bioinspired structured adhesives, especially for reversible adhesion on surfaces with a wide range of roughness.
Effect of load reduction mechanisms on loads and blade bearing movements of wind turbines
Authors: Stammler Matthias , Thomas Philipp , Reuter Andreas , Schwack Fabian , Poll Gerhard 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe power control of wind turbines is usually realized via a change in the pitch angle of the rotor blades. Pitching facilitates the exact control of the turbines and the reliable deceleration of the rotor when required. Pitch movements can moreover be used for load control. One of these methods is called individual pitch control (IPC). IPC controls the blades individually and brings about a significant reduction in the fatigue loads and extreme loads placed on the structural components, while at the same time reducing the yield of the turbine only slightly. The lower loads reduce material costs, and thus, the cost of energy (CoE) is reduced, despite the slight reduction in yield. The method is nevertheless not used everywhere since the additional movement cycles put the rotor blade bearings in particular under stress. Special attention must be paid to small amplitude oscillating movements, which carry a high risk of inducing surface damage in the rolling contacts of the blade bearings. This paper uses a cycle analysis of the IWT7.5‐164 reference turbine to illustrate the differences in the movement patterns of wind turbine blade bearings with and without IPC. Moreover, model calculations with single contacts are used to show which of the movement patterns carries a risk of inducing surface damage. The use of IPC leads to the expected load reduction at the blade root. In current literature, IPC is usually assumed to have a negative influence on the life expectancy of blade bearings, but the findings of this study contradict this. The summed blade bearing movement is increased, although the number of very small pitch angles occurring is reduced. This reduction reduces the risk of wear in the blade bearings.
Bounds on slow roll and the de Sitter Swampland
Authors: Garg Sumit K. , Krishnan Chethan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The recently introduced swampland criterion for de Sitter [17] can be viewed as a (hierarchically large) bound on the smallness of the slow roll parameter 𝜖V. This leads us to consider the other slow roll parameter ηV more closely, and we are lead to conjecture that the bound is not necessarily on 𝜖V, but on slow roll itself. A natural refinement of the de Sitter swampland conjecture is therefore that slow roll is violated at $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(1) in Planck units in any UV complete theory. A corollary is that 𝜖V need not necesarily be $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(1), if $$ {\eta}_V\lesssim -\mathcal{O}(1) $$

η
V

≲
−
O

1

holds. We consider various tachyonic tree level constructions of de Sitter in IIA/IIB string theory (as well as closely related models of inflation), which superficially violate [17], and show that they are consistent with this refined version of the bound. The phrasing in terms of slow roll makes it plausible why both versions of the conjecture run into trouble when the number of e-folds during inflation is high. We speculate that one way to evade the bound could be to have a large number of fields, like in N -flation.
Macronutrient intake and frailty: the Rotterdam Study
Authors: Verspoor Eline , Voortman Trudy , van Rooij Frank J. A. , Rivadeneira Fernando , Franco Oscar H. , Kiefte-de Jong Jessica C. , Schoufour Josje D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the longitudinal association between the macronutrient composition of the diet and frailty.

Methods
Data were obtained from 5205 Dutch middle-aged and older adults participating in the Rotterdam Study. Frailty was measured using a frailty index based on the accumulation of 38 health-related deficits, score between 0 and 100, and a higher score indicating more frailty. Frailty was assessed at baseline and 11 years later (range of 23 years). Macronutrient intake was assessed using food-frequency questionnaires. The association between macronutrients and frailty over time was evaluated using multivariable linear regression, adjusted for the frailty index at baseline, energy intake, and other relevant confounders. All analyses were performed in strata of BMI.

Results
Median frailty index score was 13.8 points (IQR 9.6; 19.1) at baseline and increased by a median of 2.3 points (IQR − 2.0; 7.6) after 11 years. Overall, we found no significant associations between intake of carbohydrates or fat and frailty over time. We did observe a significant positive association between an iso-energetic intake of 10 g protein and frailty over time (β 0.31 (95% CI 0.06; 0.55)) which was mainly driven by animal protein (β 0.31 (95% CI 0.07; 0.56)). It did not depend on whether it was substituted fat or carbohydrates.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that a reduction in the intake of animal protein may improve the overall health status over time in a relatively healthy population. More research is needed on the optimal macronutrient composition of the diet and frailty in more vulnerable populations.