bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comunicação e mediação no processo de revisão do Plano Diretor participativo de Porto Velho - RO / Communication and mediation in the review process of the participatory Director Plan Porto Velho-RO
Authors: Zuin Aparecida Luzia Alzira , Dias Mariana Lira 
Published: December 2020

ResumoO objetivo deste artigo é discutir os modos como as comunidades e outros atores sociais participaram do processo de revisão do Plano Diretor Participativo de Porto Velho-RO, e demonstrar os mecanismos de comunicação utilizados pela gestão municipal para convocar a população a discutir a política pública inerente aos interesses da comunidade, e depois aprovar as deliberações durante o processo. Para os estudos foi realizada uma breve apresentação sobre o Plano Diretor e suas bases jurídicas, para em seguida proceder com a explanação sobre o processo de revisão e as etapas propostas, bem como a metodologia utilizada pela equipe responsável pela convocação e participação das comunidades. Dentre algumas premissas iniciais sobre o trabalho, o processo de revisão do Plano Diretor de Porto Velho (2018-2019) foi um exercício importante para os moradores, pois possibilitou melhores relações intersubjetivas entre o sujeito e a gestão municipal conforme previsto no Estatuto da Cidade, bem como no modelo de Educação Cidadã (Freire, Gadotti), para desenvolver o senso crítico dos cidadãos.Palavras-chave: Comunicação. Educação. Mediação. Plano Diretor. Participação Popular. AbstractThe purpose of this article is to discuss the ways in which the communities and other social actors have participated in the review process of the Participatory Master Plan of Porto Velho –state of Rondônia (Brazil), and to demonstrate how the communication mechanisms were used by municipal management to convene the population to discuss the public policy inherent to the community’s interests, and then to approve the deliberations during its process. For the studies, a brief presentation about the Master Plan and its legal bases is made, then an explanation of the review process and the proposed stages, as well as the methodology used by the team responsible for the invitation and participation of communities. Amongst some initial assumptions about the work, the review process of the Porto Velho Master Plan (2018-2019) was an important exercise for the inhabitants, because it enabled better inter-subjective relations between the subject and the municipal management (City Statute), as well as in the model of Citizen Education (Freire, Gadotti), in order to develop the critical sense of citizens.Keywords: Communication; Education; Mediation; Master Plan; Popular Participation.
As funções sociais da cidade e a Constituição federal de 1988: das Cartas de Atenas à ordem pluralista constitucional / The city’s social functions and the 1988 Federal Constitution: from Athens Letters to the constitutional pluralist order
Authors: Moura Emerson Affonso da Costa 
Published: December 2020

ResumoA identificação de uma noção e conteúdo das funções sociais da cidade diante da insuficiência da regulação normativa e da divergência doutrinária, que se adéque as finalidades da ordem política e a função promocional do Direito, bem como, aos bens e valores fundamentais tutelados pela ordem constitucional é o tema posto em debate. Verifica-se em que medida, as funções sociais da cidade não podem se limitar àquelas previstas nas Cartas de Atenas, mas devem abranger e concretizar igualmente os princípios, objetivos, programas, direitos e garantias constitucionais.Palavras-chave: Direito da cidade; política urbana; funções sociais da cidade; Carta de Atenas; Constituição de 1988. AbstractThe identification of a notion and content of the social functions of the city in face of the insufficiency of normative regulation and doctrinal divergence, which adapts the aims of the political order and the promotional function of Law, as well as to the fundamental goods and values protected by constitutional order is the subject of debate. It is verified to what extent, the social functions of the city cannot be limited to those provided for in the Letters of Athens, but must also encompass and concretize the constitutional principles, objectives, programs, rights and guarantees.Keywords: City law; urban policy; social functions of the city; Athens Charter; 1988 Constitution.
Moradia popular, ocupações e propriedade no centro de São Paulo: a trajetória de uma família e de um edifício / Low income housing, squatting and property in downtown São Paulo: the trajectory of a family and a building
Authors: Cymbalista Renato 
Published: December 2020

ResumoO artigo tem como objetivo problematizar a diversidade interna dentro da categoria “ocupação urbana”, apontando para um universo pouco explorado de ocupações não protagonizadas pelos movimentos organizados de luta por moradia. O trabalho levanta a literatura existente sobre as diferentes formas de ocupação e trata de um estudo de caso, a história de um edifício que em 2020 existe como uma ocupação, mas que não se encaixa na categoria de ocupação organizada. Recupera a história do edifício e das tensões em torno da propriedade e da gestão, mobilizando também a história de uma família migrante de baixa renda que optou por morar sempre no centro de São Paulo, e passou por diversas situações de moradia em sua trajetória, incluindo uma passagem por esse edifício. Dessa narrativa emergem sujeitos sociais com papéis mais fluidos e menos pré-definidos, edifícios que mudam de caráter conforme a micropolítica vai se transformando, apresentando desafios específicos para o Estado, as políticas públicas e os marcos interpretativos. Uma situação que exige olharmos para as franjas do mercado imobiliário e da propriedade urbana.Palavras-Chave: Moradia, Habitação, São Paulo, Ocupações Urbanas, Cortiços. AbstractThe article aims to problematize internal diversity within the category "ocupação urbana" (urban squatting), pointing to a little explored universe of occupations not involved in organized movements of struggle for housing. The work analyses the existing literature on the different forms of occupation and deals with a case study, the history of a building that in 2020 exists as a squatted house that does not fit into the category of organized occupation. It retrieves the history of the building and the tensions surrounding property and management, also mobilizing the story of a low-income migrant family who chose to live always in downtown São Paulo, and went through several housing situations along their trajectory, including a passage through that building. From this narrative, social subjects emerge with more fluid and less predefined roles, buildings that change their character as micropolitics changes, presenting specific challenges for the State, public policies and interpretative frameworks. A situation that requires looking at the fringes of the real estate market and urban property.Keywords: Housing, São Paulo, Urban squatting, Tenement Houses
Influência da habilidade comunicacional dos pais nas orientações de saúde ao filho surdo
Authors: Marquete Verônica Francisqueti , Reis Pamela Dos , Silva Eraldo Schunk , Marchini Kauana Borges , Costa Maria Antonia Ramos , Marcon Sonia Silva 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: verificar a influência da comunicação dos pais no recebimento de informações e comportamento de saúde de filhos surdos. Método: estudo transversal realizado com 110 pessoas surdas, selecionadas com a técnica snowball sampling, em municípios no Noroeste do estado do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados de fevereiro a agosto de 2019, mediante aplicação de instrumento estruturado. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a maioria dos surdos (95,4%) recebeu alguma orientação de saúde no núcleo familiar; ser orientado sobre a importância de consultas de rotina mostrou-se associado à realização da mesma pelos filhos no último ano (OR= 3,40). O pai que sabe se comunicar em Libras constituiu fator de proteção, pois, nestes casos, ocorreram mais orientações sobre o uso de drogas e consumo abusivo de açúcar. Conclusão: a habilidade comunicacional dos pais possibilita que eles realizem mais orientações relacionadas à saúde e isto influencia o comportamento em saúde de filhos surdos.
Gestão de risco e as estratégias do plano de contingência para COVID-19
Authors: Nassar Pedro Ruiz Barbosa , Moraes Érica Brandão , Souza Deise Ferreira , Braga André Luiz De Souza , Christovam Bárbara Pompeu , Neto Mercedes 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: analisar o plano de contingência para infecção humana pelo Covid-19 e apresentar um modelo conceitual de gestão de risco para o Covid-19. Método: A abordagem do estudo se deu através do método de avaliação executiva, que permitiu estabelecer o panorama geral acerca do Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus. Resultados: foram utilizados os passos metodológicos para apontar pontos positivos e fragilidades do plano de contingência e a construção de um modelo conceitual sobre a gestão de risco para o COVID-19. Conclusão: o cenário nacional enriquecido de condições socioambientais desfavoráveis, expõe o quão é vulnerável a nossa população e o sistema de saúde. Aspectos relacionados aos processos de gestão são essenciais, o estudo apontou para déficits de pessoal, materiais e preparação prévia para situações de risco como fatores a serem tratados dentro do processo de mitigação dos riscos.
Moving on from AAA: the 3Ps and 3Rs protocol for remote management of dental patients
Authors: Darwish Samy , El-Boghdadly Kariem , Abdelmajeed Maysoon , Belhaj Wala , Shembesh Tarik 
Published: December 2020

With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic limiting movement, and dental services being somewhat reduced, there is a need for remotely managing patients through teledentistry. The ‘advice, analgesics, antibiotics’ (AAA) protocol has become common practice but concerns have become apparent on its application, as some patients' needs are not met, sometimes with potentially serious consequences. Throughout different phases of the pandemic, there may, at times, continue to be a need to minimize direct clinical contact with a patient, while safely managing their care. We suggest an alternative protocol for the remote management of the dental patient: the 3Ps and 3Rs, namely phone, photo, prescription and record, refer, review. This modified protocol has the potential to improve safe patient care throughout the current crisis and beyond, by providing an enhanced structure to the remote management of the dental patient. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The current widely practised ‘AAA’ clinical protocol may be appropriate for some patients, but also has scope for much improvement. An alternative acronym is suggested, presenting an improved structure for how a dental patient could be managed remotely.
Percepção dos enfermeiros sore a (não) procura dos homens por Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Vieira Ueliton Alves , Araujo Mariana de Oliveira , Araujo Bianca de Oliveira , Paixão Gilvânia Patrícia do Nascimento 
Published: December 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivos analisar a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre os motivos da (não) procura dos homens aos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde e descrever as dificuldades, facilidades e perspectivas encontradas pelos enfermeiros para promover o acesso dos homens a esses serviços. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa realizada em unidades da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), situadas na sede de um município do interior da Bahia, Brasil. Os participantes foram dez enfermeiros. Utilizou-se como técnicas de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada e documentos, e para análise dos dados a Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Diante dos resultados, percebeu-se que a escassa busca dos homens pelos serviços de saúde está relacionada à resistência em cuidar da saúde como forma preventiva e entre as dificuldades foram citados fatores institucionais e culturais. Como fatores facilitadores, os enfermeiros elencarama realização de atividades educativas e oferta de serviços específicos. Conclui-se que o trabalho desenvolvido pelo enfermeiro e demais membros da equipe de saúde de cada unidade da ESF constitui-se de grande importância nosentido de sensibilizar os homens sobre a importância do cuidado à saúde. NURSES PERCEPTION ON THE (NOT) DEMAND FOR PRIMARY HEALTH CARE BY MENThis study aimed to analyze nurses’ perceptions of the reasons for men’s (non) demand for Primary Health Care services and describe the difficulties, facilities and perspectives found by nurses to promote men’s access to these services. This is a qualitative, descriptive research carried out in Family Health Strategies (FHS) Units, located at the headquarters of a municipality in the countryside of Bahia, Brazil. The participants were ten nurses. The data collection techniques used were semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Thematic Content Analysis Technique was used for data analysis. In view of the results, it is clear that the low demand of men for health services is related to resistance to takingcare of health as a preventive form, and institutional and cultural factors were mentioned among the difficulties. As facilitating factors, nurses listed the provision of lectures/educational activities and the provision of specific services. It is concluded that the work developed by the nurse and other members of the health team of each FHS is of great importance in the sense of sensitizing men about the importance of health care.
Dichroic laser mirrors with mixture layers and sandwich-like-structure interfaces
Authors: Zeng Tingting , Zhu Meiping , Chai Yingjie , Li Jingping , Shao Jianda 
Published: December 2020

The requirements for dichroic laser mirrors continue to increase with the development of laser technology. The challenge of a dichroic laser mirror coating is to simultaneously obtain spectral performance with significantly different reflection or transmission properties as well as a high laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) at two different wavelengths. Traditional dichroic laser mirrors composed of alternating high- and low-refractive-index pure materials often has difficulty achieving excellent spectral performance and high LIDTs at two wavelengths simultaneously. We propose to use a new design with mixture layers and sandwich-like-structure interfaces to meet the challenging requirements. An

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mixture-based dichroic laser mirror, which can be used as a harmonic separator in a fusion-class laser or a pump/signal beam separator in a petawatt-class Ti-sapphire laser system, is experimentally demonstrated using e-beam deposition. The mixture-based dichroic mirror coating shows good spectral performance, fine mechanical property, low absorption, and high LIDT. For the

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-polarized 7.7 ns pulses at a wavelength of 532 nm and the

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-polarized 12 ns pulses at a wavelength of 1064 nm, the LIDTs are almost doubled. The excellent performance of this new design strategy with mixture layers and sandwich-like-structure interfaces suggests its wide applicability in high-performance laser coating.
Comparative effectiveness of N95 respirators and surgical/face masks in preventing airborne infections in the era of SARS-CoV2 pandemic: A meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Barycka Katarzyna , Szarpak Lukasz , Filipiak Krzysztof Jerzy , Jaguszewski Milosz , Smereka Jacek , Ladny Jerzy Robert , Turan Oguz 
Published: December 2020

Background
Recently, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated the effect of N95 respirators compared with medical masks to protect against acute respiratory infections. However, these studies are limited by modest sample sizes and inconclusive results. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to review the relevant and available published RCTs with the aid of the increased power of meta-analytic methods in order to assess the effectiveness of medical masks and N95 respirators in reducing the risk of respiratory infections.

Methods
This meta-analysis follows the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement for conducting and reporting results. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases from inception through April 1, 2020 to identify potentially relevant studies. Two authors (LS and JS) independently searched the titles and abstracts of the potentially eligible articles. They independently retrieved required data from the eligible trials; the data were initially tabulated for statistical analysis. Two authors (JRL and LS) independently assessed the methodological quality of the included RCTs using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias.

Results
Six articles met the inclusion criteria. The pooled analysis showed that N95 respirators did not reduce the risk of infection with respiratory viruses compared with medical/surgical masks (5.7% vs. 7.9%; RR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.88–1.41; p = 0.36); however, there was no statistically significant difference in laboratory-confirmed influenza between N95 and medical masks (RR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.77–1.07; p = 0.26). Medical masks provided similar protection against other viruses, including coronavirus (RR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.32–1.73; p = 0.49). Respiratory illness, as well as influenza-like illness were less frequently observed with N95 respirators.

Conclusions
Our meta-analysis suggests that there are insufficient data to definitively determine whether N95 respirators are superior to medical masks in protection against transmissible acute respiratory infections. Further randomized trials are necessary to compare the above methods of respiratory protection in the context of COVID-19 incidence.
Individual- and country-level correlates of female permanent contraception use in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Olakunde Babayemi O. , Pharr Jennifer R. , Chien Lung-Chang , Benfield Rebecca D. , Sy Francisco S. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundFemale permanent contraception is a cost-effective contraceptive method that can help clients with the desire to limit childbearing achieve their reproductive intention. However, despite its benefits, the use of FPC remains low in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and limited studies have examined the correlates of its uptake. In this study, we assessed the individual- and country-level factors associated with the use of FPC among married or in-union women using modern contraceptive methods to limit childbearing in SSA.MethodsThis study was a secondary data analysis of individual- and country-level data obtained from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program and three open data repositories. The study included 29,777 married or in-union women aged 15–49 years using modern contraceptive methods to limit childbearing from DHS conducted in 33 sub-Sahara African countries between 2010 and 2018. We performed descriptive statistics and fitted multilevel logistic regression models to determine the predisposing, enabling, and need factors associated with the use of FPC.ResultsApproximately 13% of the women used FPC. About 20% of the variance in the odds of using FPC was attributable to between-country differences. In the full model, the significant individual-level factors associated with the use of FPC compared with other modern contraceptive methods were: age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10; 95%CI = 1.08–1.12), living children (OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.04–1.16), high household wealth (OR = 1.39, 95%CI = 1.18–1.64), rural residence (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.71–0.97), joint contraceptive decision with partner (OR = 1.68, 95% = 1.43–1.99), contraceptive decision by partner and others (OR = 2.46, 95% = 1.97–3.07), and the number of living children less than the ideal number of children (OR = 1.40, 95%CI = 1.21–1.62). The significantly associated country-level factors were births attended by skilled health providers (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.00–1.05) and density of medical doctors (OR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.01–1.85).ConclusionsOur results suggest that both individual- and country-level factors affect uptake of FPC in SSA. Increasing geographic, economic, and psychosocial access to FPC may improve its uptake in SSA.
Developing a national birth cohort for child health research using a hospital admissions database in England: The impact of changes to data collection practices
Authors: Zylbersztejn Ania , Gilbert Ruth , Hardelid Pia 
Published: December 2020

Background
National birth cohorts derived from administrative health databases constitute unique resources for child health research due to whole country coverage, ongoing follow-up and linkage to other data sources. In England, a national birth cohort can be developed using Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), an administrative database covering details of all publicly funded hospital activity, including 97% of births, with longitudinal follow-up via linkage to hospital and mortality records. We present methods for developing a national birth cohort using HES and assess the impact of changes to data collection over time on coverage and completeness of linked follow-up records for children.

Methods
We developed a national cohort of singleton live births in 1998–2015, with information on key risk factors at birth (birth weight, gestational age, maternal age, ethnicity, area-level deprivation). We identified three changes to data collection, which could affect linkage of births to follow-up records: (1) the introduction of the “NHS Numbers for Babies (NN4B)”, an on-line system which enabled maternity staff to request a unique healthcare patient identifier (NHS number) immediately at birth rather than at civil registration, in Q4 2002; (2) the introduction of additional data quality checks at civil registration in Q3 2009; and (3) correcting a postcode extraction error for births by the data provider in Q2 2013. We evaluated the impact of these changes on trends in two outcomes in infancy: hospital readmissions after birth (using interrupted time series analyses) and mortality rates (compared to published national statistics).

Results
The cohort covered 10,653,998 babies, accounting for 96% of singleton live births in England in 1998–2015. Overall, 2,077,929 infants (19.5%) had at least one hospital readmission after birth. Readmission rates declined by 0.2% percentage points per annual quarter in Q1 1998 to Q3 2002, shifted up by 6.1% percentage points (compared to the expected value based on the trend before Q4 2002) to 17.7% in Q4 2002 when NN4B was introduced, and increased by 0.1% percentage points per annual quarter thereafter. Infant mortality rates were under-reported by 16% for births in 1998–2002 and similar to published national mortality statistics for births in 2003–2015. The trends in infant readmission were not affected by changes to data collection practices in Q3 2009 and Q2 2013, but the proportion of unlinked mortality records in HES and in ONS further declined after 2009.

Discussion
HES can be used to develop a national birth cohort for child health research with follow-up via linkage to hospital and mortality records for children born from 2003 onwards. Re-linking births before 2003 to their follow-up records would maximise potential benefits of this rich resource, enabling studies of outcomes in adolescents with over 20 years of follow-up.