bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based diagnosis and clinical practice guidelines for intestinal Behçet’s disease 2020 edited by Intractable Diseases, the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants
Authors: Watanabe Kenji , Tanida Satoshi , Inoue Nagamu , Kunisaki Reiko , Kobayashi Kiyonori , Nagahori Masakazu , Arai Katsuhiro , Uchino Motoi , Koganei Kazutaka , Kobayashi Taku , Takeno Mitsuhiro , Ueno Fumiaki , Matsumoto Takayuki , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Suzuki Yasuo , Hisamatsu Tadakazu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBehçet's disease (BD) is an intractable systemic inflammatory disease characterized by four main symptoms: oral and genital ulcers and ocular and cutaneous involvement. The Japanese diagnostic criteria of BD classify intestinal BD as a specific disease type. Volcano-shaped ulcers in the ileocecum are a typical finding of intestinal BD, and punched-out ulcers can be observed in the intestine or esophagus. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors were first approved for the treatment of intestinal BD in Japan and have been used as standard therapy. In 2007 and 2014, the Japan consensus statement for the diagnosis and management of intestinal BD was established. Recently, evidence-based JSBD (Japanese Society for BD) Clinical Practice Guidelines for BD (Japanese edition) were published, and the section on intestinal BD was planned to be published in English. Twenty-eight important clinical questions (CQs) for diagnosis (CQs 1–6), prognosis (CQ 7), monitoring and treatment goals (CQs 8–11), medical management and general statement (CQs 12–13), medical treatment (CQs 14–22), and surgical treatment (CQs 23–25) of BD and some specific situations (CQs 26–28) were selected as unified consensus by the members of committee. The statements and comments were made following a search of published scientific evidence. Subsequently, the levels of recommendation were evaluated based on clinical practice guidelines in the Medical Information Network Distribution Service. The degree of agreement was calculated using anonymous voting. We also determined algorithms for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for intestinal BD. The present guidelines will facilitate decision making in clinical practice.
Bioefficacy of Some Aqueous Phytoextracts Against Clavibacter Michiganensis Subsp. Michiganensis (Smith), the Cause of Bacterial Canker of Tomato
Authors: Siddique Muhammad , Din Naseerud , Ahmad Musharaf , Ali Asad , Naz Ishrat , Alam Syed Sartaj , Ullah Najeeb 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe ability of some medicinal plants was explored to control bacterial canker of tomato caused byClavibacter michiganensissubsp.michiganensis. The plants tested includedPeganum harmala, Allium sativum, Withania somnifera, Melia azedarach, Calotropis procera, Mentha piperitaandNerium oleander. Aqueous extracts ofP. harmalaandM. piperitaproved to be very effective underin vitroconditions againstClavibacter michiganensissubsp.michiganensis. Inin vivostudies, the highest dose of dried powder ofP. harmalaandM. piperitakg−1of soil decreased disease severity significantly. Other yield-contributing parameters were also enhanced by the application of dried powder and no phytotoxicity was observed at given concentrations. Alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids and saponins were detected in aqueous extracts ofP. harmala, W. somnifera, M. azedarach, C. proceraandM. piperita. Dried powders ofP. harmalaandM. piperitacould be incorporated as an integral part in the integrated disease management programs againstClavibacter michiganensissubsp.michiganensis.
The Environmental Impacts of the Coronavirus
Authors: Helm Dieter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Covid-19 coronavirus pandemic has resulted in global lockdowns, sharply curtailing economic activity. It is a unique experiment with substantial impacts that will form the agenda for research. There are five sets of questions: the short-term impacts on emissions, the natural environment and environmental policy, including regulations and COP26; longer-term consequences from the deployment of macroeconomic monetary and fiscal stimuli, and investment in green deals; possible further deglobalisation and its impact on climate change and nature; intergenerational environmental impacts including debt and pollution burdens on future generations; and possible behavioural changes to the environment, both positive and negative.
Quantum Secure Multi-party Private Set Intersection Cardinality
Authors: Liu Bai , Zhang Mingwu , Shi Runhua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs we know that data sharing, a critical element in social networks, has the benefits of exploring important information, while also has the disadvantage of information leakage. Therefore, without the reliable third party arbitration agency, it is impossible to share information privately by distrustful multi-party. In this paper, we proposed a protocol called Quantum Secure Multi-party Private Set Intersection Cardinality (QSMS-IC), which has the capability of resisting quantum attacks. QSMS-IC, the extension of two-parity private set intersection cardinality which was proposed in Information Sciences(2016,147-158), utilizes quantum transformation, quantum measurements and quantum parallelism to solve multi-party private set intersection cardinality problems. Compared with two-party PSI-CA protocols, our proposed protocol can solve the data sharing among multi-party without the reliable third party arbitration agency. It also can be used in numerous applications and more suitable to the actual cases. For instance, large-scale social networks and privacy-preserving data ming.
Access and allocation in food governance, a decadal view 2008–2018
Authors: Azizi Dona 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAchieving food security worldwide raises a number of issues with regard to the distribution of global resources. On the one hand, access to resources and ecospace is essential for individuals in order to survive; on the other hand, the allocation of the earth’s resources as well as risks and responsibilities are relevant for the global community. Yet, elements of access and allocation are various and complex, encompassing social, environmental, and economic dimensions in an increasingly fragmented global governance structure. Drawing on the multidisciplinary governance framework on access and allocation by Gupta and Lebel, this paper provides a synoptical review of the literature on food security of the past decade from the perspective of the earth system governance scholarship. This article addresses the question: what have we learnt about access and allocation issues in the area of food governance and its implications for food security? In addressing this question, this review examines how institutions, norms and power affect access to and allocation of resources. The paper draws out key trends and lessons from the literature to conclude that research needs to be sensitive to the complexity and intersectionality of food, the systemic challenges that it poses, and the broader political economy around it.
The effect of artificial light at night on the biomass of caterpillars feeding in urban tree canopies
Authors: Péter Áron , Seress Gábor , Sándor Krisztina , Vincze Ernő , Klucsik Krisztián Pál , Liker András 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlternation of day and night is the oldest cycle on Earth, which is increasingly disturbed by the accelerating rate of urbanization and technological development. Despite the ubiquity of light pollution in cities, many aspects of its influence on urban ecosystems are still poorly understood. Here we studied the effect of artificial light at night (ALAN) on the biomass of arboreal caterpillar populations, which are a major component of the diet of many insectivorous animals. We predicted that increasing ALAN intensity is associated with reduced caterpillar biomass, because ALAN may increase predation risk for both caterpillars and adult lepidopterans (i.e. moths), and can also hinder the moths’ reproductive rate. We estimated caterpillar biomass from frass samples (n = 3061) collected from 36 focal trees in two cities in Hungary during four consecutive years. To quantify ALAN we measured light intensity during night at each focal tree (range of illumination: 0.69–3.18 lx). We found that caterpillar biomass of individual trees was repeatable over the four years. This temporal consistency in prey biomass production may be important for birds because it can help predict territory quality, especially in cities where caterpillar abundance is generally low. Our results did not support the negative effect of ALAN on urban caterpillar populations, because ALAN intensity was not related to caterpillar biomass, and this lack of effect was consistent between study sites and tree species. We suggest that the effect of ALAN on urban caterpillar biomass is either weak and thus can be masked by other, local environmental factors, or light pollution may have antagonistic effects acting during different stages of the lepidopteran life cycle. Another explanation could be that even the lower levels of our sites’ public lighting are strong enough to cause serious detrimental effects for caterpillars, resulting in their uniformly low biomass.
The Problem of Over-Inclusive Offenses: A Closer Look at Duff on Legal Moralism and Mala Prohibita
Authors: Bero Stephen , Sarch Alex 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere are sometimes good reasons to define a criminal offense in a way that is over-inclusive, in the sense that the definition will encompass conduct that is not otherwise wrongful. But are these reasons ever sufficient? When, if ever, can such laws justifiably be made and enforced? When, if ever, can they permissibly be violated? In The Realm of Criminal Law, Antony Duff tackles this challenge head on. We find Duff’s strategy promising in many ways as an effort to reconcile over-inclusive offenses with the wrongness constraint on criminalization. Nonetheless, we aim to move the discussion forward by raising questions about Duff’s solution and highlighting some limitations and costs. We begin in Part 2 by sketching the contours of Duff’s position; then in Part 3 we propose one refinement and offer two practical observations; and finally, in Part 4 we raise broader concerns. In particular, we question whether the problem of over-inclusive offenses is one that can or ought to be solved, or whether it is better conceived as a difficulty to be managed and mitigated. Of course, we should avoid undue harshness in the law where we can, and Duff’s approach is guided by this worthy ambition. But there may also be a limit to this. To the extent that the harshness cannot be avoided, perhaps this should be acknowledged and faced up to, rather than obscured or finessed.
Identification of yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium) WRKY transcription factor family and analysis of abiotic stress response model
Authors: Liu Zhi , Saiyinduleng  , Chang Qiaoying , Cheng Chuwen , Zheng Zhimin , Yu Song 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWRKY transcription factors are widely distributed in higher plants and play important roles in many biological processes, including stress resistance. The recently published genome sequence of yellowhorn, an oil tree with robust resistance to cold, drought, heat, salt and alkali, provides an excellent opportunity to identify and characterize the entire yellowhorn WRKY protein family and a basis for the study of abiotic stress resistance of WRKY gene family in forest species. In the present comprehensive analysis of WRKY transcription factors in yellowhorn, 65 WRKY genes were identified and defined based on their location on the chromosome. According to their structure and phylogenetic relationships, XsWRKY genes clustered into WRKY groups I–III. Segmental duplication events played a significant role in the expansion of WRKY gene family. Furthermore, transcriptomic data and real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that expression of XsWRKY genes responding to salt and drought stresses and a hormone treatment. We also determined structures of the encoded proteins, cis-elements of the promoter region, and expression patterns. These results provide a foundation for the study of the biological function of WRKY transcription factors in yellowhorn.
Impact of Peak Material Volume of Polycrystalline CVD Diamond Coatings on Dry Friction Against Aluminum
Authors: Prieske M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor economic and environmental reasons, dry forming is of increasing interest due to the shortening of process chains, cost savings and reduction of environmental pollution. The aim of these investigations is to examine to what extent chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond coatings are suitable for dry forming of aluminum and to identify the surface topology requirements for a low friction coefficient and low wear. Nine different surface topologies of CVD diamond coatings were tested in an oscillating ball-on-plate tribometer test against aluminum balls with a Hertzian contact stress of 759 MPa and 99,900 cycles. It could be concluded that the peak material volume (Vmp) of the diamond coating is the most important factor for achieving a low abrasion of aluminum as well as a low friction coefficient against aluminum. The Vmp should be smaller than 0.04 ml/m2. Microcrystalline CVD diamond with a post-treated surface has great potential for dry forming of aluminum.
The role of siblings in the process of forming life satisfaction among young adults – moderating function of gender
Authors: Szymańska Paulina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe main aim of the study was to explore the relationship between life satisfaction and sibling bond quality, with gender playing a moderating role. The sample consisted of 276 young adults with a single biological sibling. The participants completed three questionnaires: a sociodemographic survey, the STQ-Now (quality of the sibling relationship) and the SWLS (level of life satisfaction). No difference was observed between men and women regarding life satisfaction; however, the gender constellation in a sibling dyad was found to be statistically significant. Same-sex pairs scored higher on life satisfaction than cross-sex siblings. A positive relationship with a brother or a sister based on mutuality correlated with high overall satisfaction with life, while criticism, competition and apathy were associated with lower general satisfaction. Additionally, two of these relations (i.e. mutuality and apathy) were moderated by gender. Lastly, representatives of the Supportive type of relationships obtained higher levels of life satisfaction than the Ambivalent or the Reluctant types. The findings suggest that siblings play an essential role in shaping psychological well-being. As early adulthood is a stage characterised by multitasking and various challenges, the formation of positive, adaptive and supportive sibling bond may maintain good life satisfaction. The findings also underline the significance of gender combination in the relationship.
Treatment options in early triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Suppan Christoph , Balic Marija 
Published: May 2020

SummaryWith a main focus on the early stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), new data on immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy, the role of capecitabine, the potential of circulating tumor DNA as a predictive tool in the postneoadjuvant setting and new treatment approaches were presented and discussed at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (SABCS) 2019.
Magnetic Nanoparticles as MRI Contrast Agents
Authors: Avasthi Ashish , Caro Carlos , Pozo-Torres Esther , Leal Manuel Pernia , García-Martín María Luisa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). They have been extensively investigated as CAs due to their high biocompatibility and excellent magnetic properties. Furthermore, the ease of functionalization of their surfaces with different types of ligands (antibodies, peptides, sugars, etc.) opens up the possibility of carrying out molecular MRI. Thus, IONPs functionalized with epithelial growth factor receptor antibodies, short peptides, like RGD, or aptamers, among others, have been proposed for the diagnosis of various types of cancer, including breast, stomach, colon, kidney, liver or brain cancer. In addition to cancer diagnosis, different types of IONPs have been developed for other applications, such as the detection of brain inflammation or the early diagnosis of thrombosis. This review addresses key aspects in the development of IONPs for MRI applications, namely, synthesis of the inorganic core, functionalization processes to make IONPs biocompatible and also to target them to specific tissues or cells, and finally in vivo studies in animal models, with special emphasis on tumor models.
The global existence and attractor for p-Laplace equations in unbounded domains
Authors: Farwig Reinhard , Qian Chenyin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe asymptotic behavior for a class of parabolic p-Laplace equations in an open bounded or unbounded domain of $${\mathbb{R}}^N$$

R

N

is investigated. Based on a general condition on the nonlinearity f(x, u) and the invading domain technique, the global well-posedness of the equation is established. By proving the $$\omega$$
ω
-limit compactness of the continuous semigroup, the existence of the global attractor for the equation is obtained. Besides, in case of bounded domains, we also get estimates of the finite fractal dimension of the global attractor based on the classical method of $$\ell$$
ℓ
-trajectories.
Uniform convergence to equilibrium for a family of drift–diffusion models with trap-assisted recombination and the limiting Shockley–Read–Hall model
Authors: Fellner Klemens , Kniely Michael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we establish convergence to equilibrium for a drift–diffusion–recombination system modelling the charge transport within certain semiconductor devices. More precisely, we consider a two-level system for electrons and holes which is augmented by an intermediate energy level for electrons in so-called trapped states. The recombination dynamics use the mass action principle by taking into account this additional trap level. The main part of the paper is concerned with the derivation of an entropy–entropy production inequality, which entails exponential convergence to the equilibrium via the so-called entropy method. The novelty of our approach lies in the fact that the entropy method is applied uniformly in a fast-reaction parameter which governs the lifetime of electrons on the trap level. Thus, the resulting decay estimate for the densities of electrons and holes extends to the corresponding quasi-steady-state approximation.
Health-Related Lifestyles, Substance-Related Behaviors, and Sexual Habits Among Italian Young Adult Males: An Epidemiologic Study
Authors: Flesia Luca , Cavalieri Francesca , Angelini Stefano , Bottesi Gioia , Ghisi Marta , Tonon Enrico , Roldan Agustina Perez , Di Nisio Andrea , Garolla Andrea , Ferlin Alberto , Foresta Carlo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Young adult males are more likely to demonstrate health-risk behaviors than other individuals. The use of specific data about health-risk behaviors within this population might be important to promote effective preventive psychosocial and educational programs and interventions.

Aim
To provide a detailed description of health-related lifestyles, substance-related behaviors, and sexual habits that can negatively affect fertility, sexual sphere, and health in a large sample of Italian young adult males.

Methods
A sample comprising 2,170 males aged 18–21 years, attending the last year of high school, was administered an online questionnaire made up of 39 multiple-choice questions. The questionnaire explored health-related lifestyles, substance-related behaviors, and sexuality and sexual habits. Descriptive analyses were conducted.

Main outcome measure
The outcome measures included data about health-related lifestyles, substance-related behaviors, and sexuality and sexual habits reported by Italian young adult males.

Results
Health-related lifestyles: 92.9% of the sample reported practicing some physical activity during the week. 90.3% declared a Mediterranean diet and 8.1% a hyperproteic diet. Substance-related behaviors: 33.8% of the sample reported having smoked tobacco at least once in their lives; among them, 71% reported current daily smoking. 40.2% declared drinking alcohol from 5 to 7 days in a week. 32.9% of the sample reported currently using a substance. Sexuality and sexual habits: 97.1% of the sample self-defined themselves as heterosexual. 73.3% of participants rated their knowledge about sexuality as “excellent/good,” 58.7% about sexually transmitted infections. Only 4.8% reported having had a seminal liquid examination. Half of the sample (52.2%) declared having had sexual intercourses, in the largest proportion protected sex. 14.7% of the sample reported having at least one sexual dysfunction. 88.6% of participants reported having used pornography, 18.7% every day.

Conclusion
The present study highlighted the need to empower the number and efficacy of preventive interventions to promote health-related behaviors among Italian young male population.
The effects of teenage childbearing on education, physical health, and mental distress: evidence from Mexico
Authors: Gunes Pinar Mine , Tsaneva Magda 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper estimates the effects of teenage childbearing on education, working, physical and mental health, and physical activity of young girls in Mexico using two waves of the nationally representative Mexican Family Life Survey. We employ a propensity score matching model that accounts for a rich set of baseline covariates that predict teenage childbearing to attempt to reduce the bias due to confounding variables associated with teenage childbearing. The results demonstrate that teenage childbearing is associated with an increase in the probability of being overweight, and reductions in physical activity and the probability of high school completion. Moreover, the results are consistent when we employ sibling fixed effects to account for unobservable family background.
Incorporating Issues of Elderly Loneliness into the Coronavirus Disease–2019 Public Health Response
Authors: Patel Sonny S. , Clark-Ginsberg Aaron 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTAs the systems that people depend on are increasingly strained by the coronavirus disease–2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, public health impacts are manifesting in different ways beyond morbidity and mortality for elderly populations. Loneliness is already a chief public health concern that is being made worse by COVID-19. Agencies should recognize the prevalence of loneliness among elderly populations and the impacts that their interventions have on loneliness. This letter describes several ways that loneliness can be addressed to build resilience for elderly populations as part of the public health response to COVID-19.
Initial Coronavirus Disease–2019 Closure Strategies Adopted by a Convenience Sample of US School Districts: Directions for Future Research
Authors: Schlegelmilch Jeff , Douglas Claire 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTSchool closures are an important strategy to mitigate the impacts of a pandemic. But an optimal approach to transitioning from in-person to distance learning approaches is lacking. We analyzed a convenience sample of public K-12 schools in the early weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. This initial snapshot provides some insights to inform future research into the variation of strategies across school districts, and would benefit from more rigorous methods to determine true correlations between demographic and geographic factors. Additionally, many of these strategies have evolved in response to ongoing and prolonged public health social distancing measures implemented after this analysis was conducted.