bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophils Mediated Multistage Nanoparticle Delivery for Prompting Tumor Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Qiao Jianou , Ye Bo , Zhao Bao , Wang Kun , Guo Yilong , Lu Qinguo , Zheng Longpo , Li Ang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Neutrophil-based drug delivery system possesses excellent advantages in targeting at tumour because neutrophils are easily recruited by chemotactic factor in tumor microenvironment. Herein, we developed a novel tactic of multistage neutrophils-based nanoparticle delivery system for promoting photothermal therapy (PTT) of lung cancer.
Results
Au nanorod (AuNR) was successfully modified with bovine serum albumin (AuNRB) and further conjugated with RGD (AuNRBR), followed by neutrophil internalisation to obtain neutrophils-based delivery system (AuNRBR/N). The engineered neutrophils efficiently migrated across the epithelial cells due to inflammatory signal. They exhibited better toxicity against Lewis cells with laser irradiation in vitro. Moreover, AuNRBR/N showed significantly more targetability to tumour tissue compared with cell carrier-free AuNRBR, as demonstrated in Lewis tumour-bearing mice. The enhanced tumour homing efficiency of AuNRBR/N together with subsequently released AuNRBR from the neutrophils was favourable for further deep tissue diffusion and contributed to the inhibition of the tumour growth in PTT and improved survival rate (over 120 days).
Conclusions
Overall results illustrated that the design of cell-based nanoparticle delivery system for PTT of cancer is promising.
Machine learning-based CT radiomics model Distinguishes COVID-19 from other viral pneumonia
Authors: Chen Hui Juan , Chen Yang , Yuan Li , Wang Fei , Mao Li , Li Xiuli , Cai Qinlei , Qiu Jie , Tian Jie , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose To develop a machine learning-based CT radiomics model is critical for the accurate diagnosis of the rapid spread Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods In this retrospective study, a machine learning-based CT radiomics model was developed to extract features from chest CT exams for the detection of COVID-19. Other viral-pneumonia CT exams of the corresponding period were also included. The radiomics features extracted from the region of interest (ROI), the radiological features evaluated by the radiologists, the quantity features calculated by the AI segmentation and evaluation, and the clinical parameters including clinical symptoms, epidemiology history and biochemical results were enrolled in this study. The SVM model was built and the performance on the testing cohort was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity. Results For the SVM model that built on the radiomics features only, it reached an AUC of 0.688(95% CI 0.496 to 0.881) on the testing cohort. After the radiological features were enrolled, the AUC achieved 0.696(95% CI 0.501 to 0.892), then the AUC reached 0.753(95% CI 0.596 to 0.910) after the quantity features were included. Our final model employed all the features, reached the per-exam sensitivity and specificity for differentiating COVID-19 was 29 of 38 (0.763, 95% CI: 0.598 to 0.886]) and 12 of 13 (0.923, 95% CI: 0.640 to 0.998]), respectively, with an AUC of 0.968(95% CI 0.911 to 1.000). Conclusion The machine learning-based CT radiomics models may accurately detect COVID-19 and differentiate it from other viral pneumonia.
Enhancing scour protection in river bends: a novel slotted bank-attached vane
Authors: Azizipour Mohamad , Meymani Farshid Amirsalari , Shooshtari Mohammad Mahmoodian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
One of the most effective approaches for bank control erosion is using bank-attached vanes. In spite of the superiority of the bank-attached vanes to spur dikes, the vanes' tips are still vulnerable to local scour caused by flow–structure interaction. In this study, slotted bank-attached vanes are proposed to reduce local scour at the tip of the triangular submerged vane. For this, a rectangular slot is created parallel to the chord of the vane with an area of ten percent of the effective area of the vane surface. Two types of conventional vanes and slotted vanes were installed at different angles of attack of 23, 30, 40 and 60 degrees in an arch flume. Experiments were carried out in clear water conditions with different flow regimes with Froude numbers of Fr = 0.287, 0.304 and 0.322. The results show that the slotted vane outperforms the conventional vane by reducing maximum scour depth by about 70, 20, 17 and 54 percent for different angles of attack of 23, 30, 40 and 60 degrees, respectively. The proposed slotted vane also resulted in reduction of scour hole volume around the vane and formed the scour hole away from the outer bank.
A Phase I Study of OMN54 (Aneustat™) in Patients with Advanced Malignancies
Authors: Gelmon Karen A. , Kollmannsberger Christian , Chia Stephen , Tinker Anna V. , Mitchell Teresa , Lam Stephen , Joshi Teresa , Kwok David , Ostrem John , Sutcliffe Simon , Renouf Daniel J. 
Published: June 2020

Background/Objective:
With the increasing interest in natural products, a phase I openlabel
study of OMN54 (Aneustat™) in patients with advanced malignancies was initiated to determine
toxicity, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose limiting toxicities (DLT), and pharmacokinetics (PK).
OMN54 is a multitargeted agent, combining three Chinese botanicals; Ganoderma lucidium, Salvia
miltiorrhiza and Scutellaria barbata.

Methods:
Eligible patients (pts) were >18 years of age with advanced solid tumors, able to swallow
oral capsules, ECOG performance status < 2, measurable disease as defined by RECIST 1.1 and adequate
organ function.

Results:
Twenty-two patients were enrolled in 6 dose levels, 2 with daily dosing and 4 with twicedaily
dosing ranging from 1 to 5 grams daily. All were evaluated for toxicity and 20 for response. No
treatment-related dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were reported and the recommended phase II dose
(RP2D) was determined to be 2.5 g twice daily. Seven adverse events in 5 patients were reported as
possibly drug-related; 6 were GI toxicity and 1 was a skin disorder. All were grade 1 except one grade
2 vomiting. No RECIST responses were seen. Six pts were treated with > 2 cycles; one for 8 cycles.
Four patients had reductions in TGF –β and EGF, exploratory biomarkers possibly suggestive of a
drug effect. Plasma half-lives of 1 -2 hours were noted for all parent drug chemical markers with no
accumulation over time.

Conclusion:
OMN54 was well tolerated, with no DLTs observed. Further studies at the RP2D will assess
the biological activity.
Development, Characterization and Pharmacological Evaluation of Antiblemish Cream Containing Herbal Oils
Authors: Krishnaraj Sathiya , Mahadevappa Komala , Narayanaswamy Radhika Muniyappa , Kamnoore Devanand , Lingutla Ramya , Ghosh Tanmoy 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Many topical agents are available in the market, which interfere with the pigmentation
process at different levels. They are often known to cause side effects ranging from irritation
to tumor over chronic use.

Objective:
The present study was designed to develop and characterize an anti blemish cream containing
herbal oils.

Methods:
A herbal cream was formulated using dill, nagarmotha and black cumin oil and subjected to
evaluation of its anti blemish potential against stress augmented UV-B rays-induced hyperpigmentation.
Topical oil in water type of creams containing 2%, 4% and 6% of each oil was formulated using
herbal oils. The formulated cream was characterized for solubility, pH, particle size, grittiness, viscosity,
stability, phase separation, shelf life and spreadability, and found to be stable. Acute dermal toxicity
was carried out individually for dill, nagarmotha and black cumin oil according to the OECD guidelines
402. Hyperpigmentation was induced in all the experimental animals by stress-augmented UV-B
irradiation method. The animals were treated for 30 days (twice daily) with standard and test formulations
by topical administration, whereas the disease group was left untreated. The skin of the animals
was subjected to photographical study as well as grading for pigmentation and irritation before and
after treatment. After the treatment period, the serum antioxidant levels were estimated and histopathology,
histochemical studies of skin were performed.

Results:
The animals treated with test formulations containing 2%, 4%, and 6% of herbal oil showed
significant improvement in pigmentation compared to disease control as it is evident in photographic
biochemical, histopathological and histochemical studies.

Conclusion:
Thus, it was concluded that the developed anti-blemish cream containing herbal oils possesses
significant anti-blemish potential. This study necessitates further evaluations in human subjects
as it could have a high positive therapeutic value in the treatment of hyperpigmentation.
The Alcoholic Bark Extract of Terminalia Arjuna Exhibits Cytotoxic and Cytostatic Activity on Jurkat Leukemia Cells
Authors: Greco Giulia , Turrini Eleonora , Tacchini Massimo , Maresca Immacolata , Fimognari Carmela 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Natural products are characterized by a complex chemical composition and
are capable of concurrently modulate several signalling pathways. Considering the biological complexity
of carcinogenesis, natural products represent key components of the therapeutic armamentarium
for oncological diseases. The bark of Terminalia arjuna is used in traditional Ayurvedic
medicine for its astringent, expectorant, cardiotonic, styptic, and antidysenteric properties. Alongside
its traditional uses, Terminalia arjuna exhibits different biological activities including antimutagenic
and anticarcinogenic.

Objective:
This study was designed to evaluate the toxic effects of an alcoholic extract obtained
from the bark of T. arjuna on a human T-lymphoblastic cell line (Jurkat). We explored the phytochemical
composition and investigated the cytotoxic, cytostatic, genotoxic, and anti-genotoxic effects.

Methods:
The phytochemical composition was analyzed using spectrophotometric methods; all the
biological endpoints were assessed through flow cytometry.

Results:
The phytochemical screening showed that polyphenols represent about 64% of the extract.
Moreover, the extract was cytotoxic on Jurkat cells by inducing both apoptosis and necrosis, and
blocked the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Additionally, it was found that the extract lacks any genotoxic
effect, but was not effective in protecting Jurkat cells from the DNA damage induced by H2O2
and etoposide.

Conclusion:
The results of our study show the toxic effects of Terminalia arjuna on Jurkat cells
and confirm the pivotal role played by natural compounds in the oncological field. Further studies
should be performed to better understand its clinical potential and deepen its toxicological profile.
Reseña del libro A lomo de mula. Viaje al corazón de las FARC de Alfredo Molano
Authors: Cardona-Rodas Hilderman 
Published: June 2020

Alfredo Molano escribe desde la polifonía de las experiencias de la guerra en Colombia. Cada uno de sus relatos explora, desde la subalternidad, las huellas de la violencia y el teatro de la crueldad y el dolor que ha significado el conflicto armado colombiano. Por ello, el libro A lomo de mula. Viaje al corazón de las Farc, publicado en 2016, es un vivo ejemplo del compromiso de la crítica en el acto político de la escritura. Molano, sociólogo y periodista, relata en su libro las condiciones de posibilidad y existencia del nacimiento del movimiento guerrillero Farc.
(Reseña elaborada en coautoría con estudiantes del pregrado en Ciencia Política de la Universidad de Medellín).
Tensiones discursivas entre formación y empleo en el doctorado en Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit
Authors: Palacios-Lozano Felipe 
Published: June 2020

Partiendo de las categorías de discurso y significante, mediante un análisis interpretativo de distintas fuentes documentales bibliográficas y entrevistas con recursos metodológicos de la investigación cualitativa, se realiza una revisión de las distintas posiciones discursivas, institucionales y subjetivas, sobre la relación entre formación académica y expectativas laborales en estudiantes del doctorado en ciencias sociales de la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit y las áreas de ocupación laboral promovidas por el programa de posgrado y en las políticas para la educación superior en México. Se exponen resultados que identifican diversas relaciones entre el trabajo de tesis, el discurso de la calidad y aquellas proyecciones que los estudiantes elaboran sobre posibles escenarios laborales en la etapa de egreso, entrando en tensión con los discursos institucionales y globales.
Responsabilidad social universitaria en la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias: Los stakeholder internos
Authors: Mamani-Huanca Amelia Cristina , Portugal-Tellería Juan José , Rubira-Otárola David Gonzalo 
Published: June 2020

La investigación tuvo como objetivo, evaluar el nivel de responsabilidad social universitaria y la percepción de sus stakeholders (involucrados), internos de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann de Tacna. Se diseñaron dos instrumentos para analizar la gestión de la responsabilidad social universitaria y el nivel de percepción de los stakeholders internos. Mediante una muestra representativa de 26 stakeholders internos. Los resultados indicaron que, el 58% mencionó que los recursos destinados a la universidad son bien aprovechados, 63 % valoró la posibilidad de desarrollar habilidades como investigadores durante su formación, 50 % del alumnado participó en actividades que organizó la universidad. En la lista de chequeo se obtuvo un puntaje promedio de: 72,18; 70,00 y 58,2 para estudiantes, docentes y administrativos.
Panorama da educação médica no Brasil: uma oficina do Projeto FELLOWS
Authors: Pavan Maria Valéria , Barretto Camila Azeredo Pereira , Mello Júlia Brum de , Costa Rafael De Madureira Ribas , Rena Jacqueline Alves , Pessoa Henrique Alvares , Caramori Ugo 
Published: June 2020

Obs.: A partir dessa experiência, foi gravado um vídeo com as informações contidas nesse slide. Esse vídeo tem sido usado como material de consulta e enviado aos alunos iniciantes do Projeto FELLOWS como uma atividade preparatória para o programa de formação.
FUNGICIDAL ACTIVITY OF GARLIC (Allium sativum) BULBS EXTRACTS AGAINST PLANTS PHATOGENIC FUNGI
Authors: Khairan Khairan , Aulina Aulina , Bahi Muhammad , Nova Eriana Cut , Sriwati Rina 
Published: June 2020

Fungicidal activity of garlic (Allium sativum) bulbs extracts against plants phatogenic fungi. Garlic (Allium sativum Linn) has been known to containing organosulphur compounds. These compounds are convinced to possess antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. The aim of this study is to determine fungicidal activity of garlic bulb extracts against some plants phatogenic fungi. The paper disc agar difussion technique was used to determine fungicidal activity of garlic bulbs extracts. The results showed that in general garlic bulbs extracts provides fungicidal activities. Calculated EC50 values indicated that ethyl acetate garlic bulbs extract was most active against Colletotrichum capsici, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.capsici, and Sclerotium rolfsi by EC50 values of 48,6; 50,3; and 51.3% respectively. Meanwhile methanolic garlic bulbs extract was the most active against Sclerotium rolfsi with EC50 values of 24,3%.
ASPECTS OF BIOLOGY OF Acerophagus papayae Noyes & Schauff (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE), PARASITOID OF THE PAPAYA MEALYBUG
Authors: Wati Mega , Rauf Aunu , Pudjianto Pudjianto 
Published: June 2020

Aspects of biology of Acerophagus papayae Noyes & Schauff (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), parasitoid of papaya mealybug. Acerophagus papayae Noyes & Schauff (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is an important parasitoid of the papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). The study was conducted with the objective to determine various aspects of the biology of A. papayae which include the effect of diet on adult longevity, fecundity and progeny, host stage susceptibility and preference, the effect of host stages on immature development, body size, and sex ratio of progenies. Effects of diet on adult longevity was done in the absence of hosts. Fecundity was measured by the number of mealybugs parasitized. Host stage susceptibility and preference were carried out by exposing 2nd and 3rd nymphal instars and pre-reproductive adults of mealybugs to parasitoids. Results showed adult parasitoids fed with 10% honey solution lived almost fourfold longer than those provided only water. A. papayae parasitized 30.1±4.92 mealybugs, with a range of 13-60 mealybugs, during 5.8 days of adult life. In no-choice (susceptibility) and paired-choice (preference) tests, the percentage of parasitized hosts were significantly greater in 2nd and 3rd instar nymphs than in adults. The mean immature developmental time of A. papayae was longer when the parasitoids develop in large host. Developmental time of male parasitoids was shorter than the females. Female wasps which emerged from hosts parasitized at the 3rd instar nymphs and adults were significantly larger than those from the 2nd instar nymphs. Sex ratios of the offspring emerged from hosts that were parasitized as 2nd instars were strongly male-biased, while the later stages yielded more females than males.
DECREASE IN PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF GRAIN DUE TO NECK BLAST DISEASE IN SOME LOWLAND RICE VARIETIES
Authors: Subiadi Subiadi , Sipi Surianto , Basundari Fransiska Renita Anon 
Published: June 2020

Decrease in production and quality of grain due to neck blast disease in some lowland rice varieties. Neck blast disease of rice causes a decrease in yields both in quantity and quality. The study was conducted to see the effect of neck blast disease on the characteristics of grain and yields of several high yielding varieties of lowland rice. The varieties used were Ciherang, Inpari 4, Inpari 7, Inpari 8, and Inpari 9. The parameters observed were the incidence and severity of neck blast disease, the ratio of the size of the seeds of healthy and sick panicles and the estimated production. The analysis showed that all varieties planted were infected by neck blast disease, but based on Disease Incident rate in the Necks, Ciherang and Inpari 8 varieties reacted susceptible to neck blast disease, Inpari 7 and 9 were moderate and Inpari 4 was resistant to neck blast disease. The quality of panicle grain infected by neck blast disease has decreased the size of grain width and was significantly different from grain of healthy panicles in all varieties. The highest estimated productivity was Inpari 4 variety of 10,378 kg/ha which experienced a decrease in production by 35.86% and the lowest was Ciherang variety of 8,367 kg/ha which experienced a decrease in production by 48.37% when they were infected by neck blast disease.
RESISTANCE OF SOME NEW CLONES OF EUCALYPTUS TO INSECTS CAUSES GALL IN MOUNT MUTIS, NTT
Authors: Safitri Betari , Hidayat Purnama , Buchori Damayanti 
Published: June 2020

Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) is a fast-growing tree native in Australia, Papua, and Eastern part of Indonesia. It is valued for its timber, oil, gum, and resin, and as an ornamental tree. Many eucalyptus clones have been developed and planted for timber production in Sumatera. Several galls caused by insects are known as serious pests of eucalyptus and can reduce the quality and quantity of the timber production. This study was aimed to identify the gall inducers and describe the galls that formed on the eucalyptus clones which planted in Mt. Mutis, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The research was conducted from October 2017 to July 2018. A total of 855 seedlings consisting of 57 clones and 15 plants for each clone were planted in Mt. Mutis. Observations of the gall symptoms were done biweekly on each plant. Gall symptoms were directly observed and identified, included the form, size, location, color, and insect that caused the gall. There were four types of gall forms were recorded. One type of gall caused by Ophelimus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) which similar to the gall recorded in Sumatera and Java. The other three gall forms were never been reported in Indonesia. The insects that associated with galls were Hymenoptera and Diptera orders. The type of gall that mostly found in the eucalyptus clones was the big clustered leaf gall caused by Fergusonina sp. (Diptera: Fergusoninidae). There are only two clones which are included as susceptible clones based on the type of gall formed, C35 and C53. There were 27 eucalyptus clones with no gall infestations which were considered as the good candidate of resistance eucalyptus clones to the gall infestations.
Genç Çiftçilerin Çiftçilik Yapma Eğilimlerinin ve Çiftçilik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi: Isparta İli Örneği
Authors: BAŞARANOĞLU Cansu , YILMAZ Hasan 
Published: June 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışma Isparta ilinde tarımsal faaliyette bulunan genç çiftçilerin çiftçilik özelliklerinin ve çiftçilik yapma eğilimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.Tasarım/metodoloji /yaklaşım: Çalışmanın ana materyali 18-40 yaş aralığında 110 genç çiftçi ile yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılarak elde edilmiştir. Veriler, bitkisel ve hayvansal üretimi birlikte yapan genç çiftçiler (40 çiftçi) ve yalnızca bitkisel üretim yapan genç çiftçiler (70 çiftçi) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılarak analiz edilmiştir. Gruplar arasındaki farklılığı analiz etmek için ki-kare testi kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Analiz sonuçları göstermiştir ki genç çiftçilerin ikamet ettikleri yer (köy, ilçe merkezi ve il merkezi), çiftçi aile büyüklüğü ve işletme geliri değişkenleri ile gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir farklılığın olduğu saptanmıştır. Genç çiftçilerin; tarımsal faaliyet dışı iş teklifi alırsam çiftçiliği bırakırım, tarım sektörü gençler için hala önemli bir istihdam alanıdır, genç çiftçilere yönelik tarımsal destekler gençler için önemli bir motivasyon kaynağıdır ve genç çiftçilerin sosyo- ekonomik koşullarının iyileştirilmesi gençlerin köyde kalma ve çiftçilik yapma eğilimlerini artırır, faktörleri çiftçilik yapma eğilimlerini etkileyen ana faktörler olarak belirlenmiştir. Genç çiftçilerin çiftçilik yapma eğilimlerini etkileyen bu faktörler ile gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak önemli bir farklılığın olduğu saptanmıştır.Özgünlük/değer: Genç çiftçilerin çiftçilik özellikleri ve çiftçilik yapma eğilimleri belirlenmiştir.