bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneously stimulating both brain hemispheres by rTMS in patients with unilateral brain lesions decreases interhemispheric asymmetry
Authors: He Renhong , Zhong Yuhua , Zhang Jimin , Fan Jianzhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Interhemispheric asymmetry is common in brains with lesions and can be an adverse factor in the recovery of patients from neurological deficits. This study aimed to investigate the influence of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on EEG power in patients with unilateral brain lesions by simultaneously stimulating both brain hemispheres and to elucidate asymmetrical changes in neurophysiological activity induced by rTMS. Methods: Fourteen patients with unilateral brain lesions were treated with one session of 10 Hz rTMS over the vertex. Resting-state EEGs were recorded before and immediately after rTMS. The brain symmetry index (BSI), calculated from a fast Fourier transform, was used to quantify the power asymmetry in both hemispheres and paired channels over the whole frequency range and five frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands). Results: The results indicated that rTMS significantly reduced the BSI in patients with unilateral brain lesions over the entire frequency range (t=2.767, P=0.016). Among the five frequency bands, rTMS only induced a noticeable decrease in the BSI in the delta band (t=2.254, P=0.042). An analysis of different brain regions showed that significant changes in the BSI of the alpha band were found only in the posterior parietal lobe. EEG topographic mapping was employed to identify changes in cortical oscillations across brain regions, and demonstrated a decreased power of delta oscillations in the ipsilesional hemisphere and distinct cortical oscillations in the alpha band around the parietal-occipital lobe in the contralesional hemisphere. Conclusions: When both brain hemispheres are activated simultaneously, rTMS decreases interhemispheric asymmetry primarily through reducing the delta wave in the lesioned hemisphere.
A Digital Survey on the Acceptance and Affordability of COVID 19 Vaccine among the People of West Bengal, India- A Survey Based Study
Authors: Gautam Arunodaya , Dhara Bikram , Mukherjee Dattatreya , Mukhopadhyay Debraj , Roy Sayan , Ganguly Soumya Sarathi , Chowdhury Ankita Dutta , Goswami Shubham , Dey Swapnil , Basu Srishti , Banerjee Deboshmita , Chatterjee Soumi , Roy Ishita , Mitra Arup Kumar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Overview: Currently, multiple vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are in clinical trials. In Oct-Nov 2020, 1078 individuals in West Bengal surveyed to evaluate possible acceptance rates, affordability and factors affecting the acceptance of a vaccine for COVID-19.Result: 77.27 percent of respondents reported that they would be very or very likely to take a vaccine for COVID-19, 5.3 percent don’t want to take vaccine and 12.24 don’t know about their decision. In that 58 percent respondents want to take Indian Vaccine; 19 percent respondents want to take foreign vaccine. Other respondents can take any vaccine. The affordability, 40 percent respondents want a vaccine bellow 500 INR, 25 percent respondents want a vaccine of 500-1000 INR. 11 percent respondents want vaccine of over 1000 INR.Method of Study: The google form is prepared with the questions on acceptance and affordability of vaccines. The form is circulated digitally among the people and then we have collected the data in excel. Based on the result we have prepared our statistical graphs.Conclusion: Majority of Responders want a COVID 19 vaccine. Majority responders want Indian COVID19 Vaccine. Majority responders want a vaccine in a cost of below 500 INR.
Comparison of crushed rock sand and natural river sand as filter media for rapid filtration
Authors: da Silva Bruno Moreno Ramos , Bastos Rafael Kopschitz Xavier , Bastos Pedro Kopschitz Xavier 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the crushed rock sand (CRS) as a filter bed in rapid filtration for water treatment. The experiments were carried out using pilot-scale filtration units: one with a CRS filter bed and the other with natural river sand (NRS). Both filter media were prepared in accordance with typical standards for rapid sand filtration (particle size range and distribution, and filter bed depth), and were further characterized in terms of chemical composition, particles and bulk density, porosity, acid solubility and sphericity coefficient. Over four months, 14 filter runs using filtration rates of 90, 180, 270 and 360 m3 m−2 d−1 were monitored and characterized in terms of run length, head loss increase along filter bed depth, turbidity removal along filter bed depth. Overall, the performance of the CRS filter was similar to or even better than that of the NRS filter, producing filtered water with turbidity lower than 0.50 NTU along the entire run, with head loss increasing rates and run length similar to those of the NRS filter. It is concluded that CRS presents a high potential for use as filter media for rapid filtration in water treatment, without technical or operational disadvantages.
Effect of Maternal Education on Prenatal Adherence of Iron-folic Acid Supplementation in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Mengesha Meresa Berwo , Hidru Hagos Degefa , Welay Fissaha Tekulu , Gebremedhin Tsige Shushay 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Iron-folic acid supplementation is a central preventive measure for maternal
anemia, so considering the factors leading to or deterring from adherence is important. This review
aims to establish if there is a correlation between increasing maternal education and adherence
to iron-folic acid supplementation in Ethiopia.

Methods:
An electronic database search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane
Library and African Journals Online. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistical Assessment
and Review Instrument was used for quality appraisal of the included studies. The extracted
data were entered into Microsoft™ Excel sheet and exported to R-software version 3.6.1 for analysis.
Maternal education on adherence of iron-folic acid supplementation was analyzed and subgroup
analyses of difference between regions and time of study period were conducted.

Results:
The online search yielded a total of 936 articles, and based on inclusion/exclusion criteria
nine were included in this study with a total of 3263 participants. Applying the random effect model,
the analysis revealed that the odds of prenatal adherence of iron-folic acid supplementation
were 2.89 times higher in mothers with secondary school education and above as compared to
those who had not received formal education.

Conclusions:
This review identified that increased maternal education leads to improved adherence
of iron-folic acid supplementation amongst women across Ethiopia. This information may inform
efforts of government and non-government organizations to encourage maternal education in order
to sustained adherence of iron-folic acid supplementation. Further research is required in this critical
area at regional, national, and global levels.
The Anti-Proliferative Effect of a Newly-Produced Anti-PSCA-Peptide Antibody by Multiple Bioinformatics Tools, on Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Chizari Milad , Fani-Kheshti Sajad , Taeb Jaleh , Farajollahi Mohammad M. , Mohsenzadegan Monireh 
Published: November 2020

Background::Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) is a small cell surface protein, overexpressed in 90% of prostate cancers. Determination of epitopes that elicit an appropriate response to the antibody generation is vital for diagnostic and immunotherapeutic purposes for prostate cancer treatment. Presently, bioinformatics B-cell prediction tools can predict the location of epitopes, which is uncomplicated, faster, and more cost-effective than experimental methods.Objective::We aimed to predict a novel linear peptide for Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) protein in order to generate anti-PSCA-peptide (p) antibody and to investigate its effect on prostate cancer cells.Methods::In the current study, a novel linear peptide for PSCA was predicted using in silico methods that utilize a set of linear B-cell epitope prediction tools. Polyclonal antibody (anti-PSCA-p antibody “Patent No. 99318”) against PSCA peptide was generated. The antibody reactivity was determined by the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and its specificity by immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western Blotting (WB) assays. The effect of the anti-PSCA-p antibody on PSCA-expressing prostate cancer cell line was assessed by Methylthiazolyldiphenyl- Tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results::New peptide-fragment of PSCA sequence as “N-CVDDSQDYYVGKKN-C” (PSCA-p) was selected and synthesized. The anti-PSCA-p antibody against the PSCA-p showed immunoreactivity with PSCA-p specifically bound to PC-3 cells. Also, the anti-PSCA-p antibody strongly stained the prostate cancer tissues as compared to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and normal tissues (P < 0.001). As the degree of malignancy increased, the staining intensity was also elevated in prostate cancer tissue (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the anti-PSCA-p antibody showed anti-proliferative effects on PC-3 cells (31%) with no growth inhibition effect on PSCA-negative cells.Conclusion::In this study, we developed a new peptide sequence (PSCA-p) of PSCA. The PSCA-p targeting by anti-PSCA-p antibody inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, suggesting the potential of PSCA-p immunotherapy for future prostate cancer studies.
The Fraction of the Snake Venom, Its Leishmanicidal Effect, and the Stimulation of an Anti-Leishmania Response in Infected Macrophages
Authors: Nikpour Saeideh , Tabatabaie Fatemeh , Sharifi Iraj , Mostafavi Mahshid , Oliaee Razieh T. , Sharifi Fatemeh , Babaei Zahra , Jafari Elham , Salarkia Ehsan , Shahbazzadeh Delavar 
Published: November 2020

Background and Aims::
Due to the lack of an effective vaccine and complexity of the control
measures against vectors and reservoir hosts, the control of leishmaniasis depends primarily on
chemotherapy. This study was aimed to assess the snake venom, Naja naja oxiana fraction 11(NNOVF11)
on Leishmania infantum and its broad mode of action.

Methods::
A wide range of in vitro advanced assays including high-performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC), MTT (3-[4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5diphenyltetrazolium bromide; Thiazolyl blue),
macrophage assays, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), flow cytometry and enzyme-
linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on L. infantum promastigote and amastigote stages were
used. IC50 values of L. infantum stages, CC50 value, and apoptosis were also analyzed.

Results::
The NNOV-F11 demonstrated strong antileishmanial activity against L. infantum stages in a
dose-dependent manner compared to the untreated control group. Interleukin (IL)-12, TNF-α, and
iNOS genes expression as the indicators of T helper(h)1 response significantly increased; in contrast,
the expression level of IL-10, as the representative of Th2 response significantly decreased (p < 0.001).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) after treatment
with different concentrations of NNOV-F11, unlike arginase (ARG) activity, which displayed a significant
reduction (p < 0.001).

Conclusion::
NNOV-F11 possessed a potent inhibitory effect on L. infantum stages with the multifunctional
and broad mode of actions, which promoted the immunomodulatory role, induced ROS production,
stimulated apoptotic–like mechanisms, and inhibited L-ARG activity, which collectively led to
the parasite death. Further studies are crucial to assess the effect of the NNOV-F11 on animal models
or clinical settings.
Pentingnya mendidik problem solving pada anak melalui bermain
Authors: Lestari Lina Dani 
Published: November 2020

Masalah yang dihadapi anak tidak sama dengan masalah yang dihadapi orang dewasa, tetapi anak harus memiliki kemampuan problem solving yang bisa membantu mereka mengatasi masalah tersebut dengan baik, sehingga kemampuan tersebut akan terus berkembang, salah satunya dalam kemampuan kognitif. Anak usia dini perlu memiliki kemampuan problem solving yang bertujuan untuk membantu mereka mengatasi persoalan dengan baik dalam mengatasi permasalahan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seperti masalah berebut mainan dengan teman sebaya, kesulitan memahami aturan bermain dan lain-lain. Problem solving tidak hanya berguna untuk menyelesaikan masalah mereka sehari-hari, tetapi keterampilan problem solving juga bermanfaat saat anak harus mengeksplorasi dunianya atau saat anak mengerjakan tugas-tugas di sekolah. Keterampilan problem solving akan berbeda pada setiap anak sesuai tahapan usianya dan tahap perkembangannya. Keterampilan memecahkan masalah berkaitan dengan bagaimana anak berpikir, memahami, dan mendapatkan pemahaman akan dunianya, termasuk juga kemampuan mengingat, memecahkan masalah, dan membuat keputusan. Metode penelitian dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode studi literatur atau penelitian kepustakaan dengan mengumpulkan berbagai sumber yang berkaitan dengan Metode pembelajaran problem solving merupakan salah satu metode pembelajaran yang mencerminkan atau dilandasi oleh filsafat konstrukstivisme dalam pendidikan anak usia dini, metode problem solving bisa dilakukan dengan cara bermain seperti bermain puzzle, maze, bongkar pasang dan tangram.
Atividade elétrica muscular em paciente com ataxia de Friedreich – estudo de caso
Authors: Biasi Iassana , Gava Miriane , Kaminski Josilene S. Conceição , Fiório Franciane Barbieri 
Published: November 2020

Introdução: a Ataxia de Friedreich é uma doença neurodegenerativa progressiva, de herança autossômica recessiva, e com início precoce. A manifestação predominante é a incoordenação motora ocasionada devido o acometimento do cerebelo. Objetivos: este estudo tem como objetivo verificar se há diferença na atividade elétrica muscular do deltoide e tríceps braquial de um paciente com Ataxia de Friedreich, durante a realização de flexão do ombro, quando o exercício é realizado com facilitação e, com e sem consciência corporal. Materiais e Métodos: o estudo foi realizado com um paciente de 61 anos com diagnóstico clínico de Ataxia de Friedreich. Realizou-se análise da atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos deltoide e tríceps braquial durante a realização da flexão de ombro em três diferentes formas (com facilitação pelo fisioterapeuta, e com e sem consciência corporal). Resultados: houve maior magnitude da atividade elétrica muscular nos músculos deltóide e tríceps braquial durante a tarefa de flexão do ombro realizada sem consciência corporal em comparação com as outras formas de realização. Conclusão: conclui-se que há diferença na atividade elétrica muscular do deltoide e tríceps braquial de acordo com a tarefa realizada. A magnitude da atividade elétrica é maior no movimento de flexão sem consciência corporal, porém os movimentos realizados com consciência corporal e com facilitação foram mais coordenados.
Assistência a saúde dos cuidadores de idosos com doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Nierotka Rosane Paula , Portella Marilene Rodrigues , Luzardo Adriana Remião 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo é conhecer as evidências acerca da assistência à saúde dos cuidadores de idosos com Doença de Alzheimer. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa adotando uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura (RI). A pesquisa bibliográfica eletrônica foi realizada nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Base de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), e Pubmed com os seguintes descritores: Cuidadores, Doença de Alzheimer, Assistência e Cuidado. E como combinação dos termos boolianos (and, or). Os critérios de inclusão foram pesquisas qualitativas e quantitativas, revisão de literatura, relatos de experiência, programas e políticas de saúde e como critérios de exclusão, as publicações de trabalhos duplicados, cartas, editoriais, resumos em anais de eventos ou periódicos; comentários; ensaios; teses; dissertações; trabalho de conclusão de curso; livros; materiais publicados em outros idiomas que não fossem inglês, espanhol e português. Foi delimitado o período de 2002 a 2013 para coleta de dados. A busca pela literatura ocorreu entre dezembro de 2012 e janeiro de 2013. Após passar pelas etapas da RI, vinte e um trabalhos foram selecionados e lidos na integra, os resultados foram agrupados em quatro categorias: Sobrecarga e falta de informações dos cuidadores; Benefícios dos programas de assistência aos idosos e seus cuidadores; Remodelação e necessidade de políticas públicas e programas de assistência aos cuidadores. Observamos que ainda existem muitas lacunas na produção cientifica sobre esse assunto, para que possam repercutir em ações eficazes a essa população.
Estudo comparativo: Ultrassom e drenagem linfática manual associando THERAPY TAPING® na redução da circunferência abdominal
Authors: De Souza Jéssica Lopes , Martins Pedro Vinicius Nabeiros , Mingorance Ricardo , Mendes Márcia Regina Pinez , Moussa Laila 
Published: November 2020

Introdução: O público feminino a Fisioterapia Dermatofuncional com a expectativa de resultados para seus problemas relacionados à estética como a lipodistrofia localizada que é o acúmulo regional de tecido adiposo. Objetivos: Comparar os efeitos do ultrassom e drenagem linfática manual associado a Therapy Taping® na redução da circunferência abdominal. Materiais e métodos: Estudo com 6 indivíduos do gênero feminino divididos em dois grupos, um submetido ao ultrassom associado a drenagem linfática manual. O outro submetido ao ultrassom, drenagem linfática manual e Therapy Taping®. Para verificar o efeito do Therapy Taping® a aplicação foi em forma de “teia”, através do direcionamento da bandagem no sentido do retorno linfático. No total foram 12 atendimentos, duas vezes por semana para cada indivíduo e média de 60 minutos para cada sessão. A perimetria foi realizada em: nível da cicatriz onfálica, 3 cm acima e 3 cm abaixo, avaliadas antes da 1ª sessão e após a 12ª. Resultados: Com o protocolo foi constatados resultados nas reduções em centímetros da região da cicatriz onfálica e acima. Quando comparados os resultados de redução através de porcentagem, o grupo 2 apresentou redução superior apenas em área de cicatriz onfálica. Conclusão: Com isto concluiu-se que o Therapy Taping® não influenciou na redução da circunferência abdominal. A amostra foi pequena, o que pode ter influenciado nos resultados. Saliente-se que mediante pesquisas realizadas não foram encontrados estudos do tipo experimental intervencionista com o tema proposto, sendo este um trabalho inovador ampliando o campo de ideias para composição de novos estudos. Palavras-chave: Lipodistrofia; Terapia Manual; Circunferência Abdominal.
Correlação entre a aptidão física e os fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em mulheres idosas
Authors: Couto João Paulo Alves do , Conopca JR Severo , Marques Silas dos Santos 
Published: November 2020

Introdução: O envelhecimento promove alterações no sistema cardiovascular que poderá comprometer a aptidão física os idosos. Objetivo: Investigar a correlação entre a aptidão física e os fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares em mulheres idosas. Materiais e Métodos: Foram avaliadas 22 mulheres com idades entre 60 e 80 anos participantes do Serviço de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculo do Idoso (SCFVI), do Centro de Referência de AssistÊncia Social (CREAS) da cidade de Eunápolis, Bahia. Foi utilizado o teste de correlação de Pearson para correlacionar a Aptidão Física Geral (ApF) com os Fatores de Risco (FR) e o teste de correlação de Spearman para correlacionar os FR com os domínios da Aptidão Física. Resultados: a média de idade foi de 70 anos (±6), 72,2% viúvas, 59% com ensino fundamental completo e 68,1% com Hipertensão Arterial Sitêmica (HAS) diagnosticada e em tratamento. 45,4% com Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) classificado com sobrepeso, 68,2% com Circunferência abdominal aumentada substancialmente. A ApF regular foi a classificação mais frequente e sem apresentar correlação com os Fatores de Risco Para Doenças Cardiovasculares avaliados neste estudo. Conclusão: Não foi evidenciado presença de correlação entre os FR’s e o Ínice de Aptidão Física Geral (IAFG), contudo, alguns FR’s se correlacionaram com alguns domínios do IAFG.
Palavras-chave: Doenças Cardiovasculares. Aptidão Física. Geriatria.
PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK DI SDN 1 KRAGILAN
Authors: Sakti Bayu Purbha , Budiyono Sri 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of thematic learning in SD N 1 Kragilan. The research approach used is qualitative. The author determines SDN 1 Kragilan as a research location. Research data were collected by observation and interview techniques. Data analysis techniques used include the phase of data reduction, data display, and data verification. The results showed that the teachers were able to understand thematic learning. Thematic learning is learning taught to children that combines several subjects put together in a theme. Thematic learning can take lessons from the natural surroundings and everyday life. The teachers have obstacles in carrying out thematic learning. The teachers find it difficult to run a thematic learning assessment system. Students are not yet accustomed to using thematic learning. The teachers already have a solution in thematic learning. The teachers exchange information, knowledge, and opinions with other teachers about thematic learning.
PENGARUH MODEL EXAMPLE NON_EXAMPLE (ENE) DAN INSIDE OUTSIDE CIRCLE (IOC) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL
Authors: Saiful Muchamat 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to describe the influence of exampel non_example and inside outside circle learning models in thematic learning assisted by audiovisual media of IVSD 2 grade students Temulus, 3 Temulus and 3 Kirig Mejobo Kudus on the sub-theme 1 ethnic diversity and religion in my country in Indonesian and Science. The research method used is experimentation. The design used in experimental research using the design "pre test and post test design". This study was divided into three groups: the first group learning with the Example Non Example model assisted by audiovisual media, the second group learning with the IOC model assisted by audiovisual media, and the third group learning with conventional models (control class). The subjects in this study were all class IV in Mejobo District. The research sample was taken from 3 classes selected purposively, namely SD 2 Temulus, SD 3 Temulus, and SD 3 Kirig. The results of this study indicate that (1) There is a significant effect Example Non Example Learning Model in thematic learning assisted by audiovisual media in Class IV of Elementary School. The results of data analysis state thitung bigger than t table (5,982 bigger than 2,056), then Ha is accepted; (2) There is a significant effect of Inside Outside Circle Learning Model in thematic learning assisted by audiovisual media of Grade IV Elementary School Students. The results of data analysis state thitung bigger than t table (4,269 bigger than 2,074); (3) There is a difference between Example Non Example Learning Model and Inside Outside Circle Learning Model in audiovisual assisted thematic learning in Class IV Elementary School Students, but not significant. The results of data analysis state that t count bigger than t table (3,043 bigger than 2,048), then Ha is accepted. But the significant results obtained a number of 0.348 bigger than 0.025.