bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of flexion distraction injuries of thoraco lumbar spine
Authors: S. Satheesh Kumar 
Published: January 2020

Background: Thoraco-lumbar spine fractures form majority of spine fractures and is an important cause of morbidity. However, comprehensive data regarding epidemiological pattern of trauma patients with spinal fractures are scarce. Many epidemiological reports about spinal fractures focus on osteoporosis as an etiologic factor. But in Indian population more important etiological factors are road traffic accidents and falls from height. Studies concerning only operatively treated patients with spinal fractures show selective and biased data that might be useful for capacity planning in hospitals or evaluating results of operative treatment, but not for epidemiological purposes. Methods: Among 86 consecutive patients with thoracic or lumbar fractures attending the out-patient department or Emergency department of Sree Gokulam Medical College, Trivandrum were enrolled in the study. All patients with fractures of the thoracic or lumbar spine were enrolled in this study.Results: Flexion distraction injuries are the second commonest unstable thoracolumbar spine injuries.Conclusions: This study is a prospective cohort study of the epidemiological aspects and pattern of injury and treatment in thoraco-lumbar spine fractures at a tertiary care referral center. A total of 86 patients were enrolled in the study. The most common fracture pattern seen in this study was compression fractures (24.4%) which are stable. This was followed by stable burst fractures (23.2%, unstable burst fractures (18.6%), translational injuries (fracture-dislocations) (16.3%), flexion-distraction injuries (13.9%) and chance fractures (3.5%).
One year randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of honey dressing versus povidone iodine dressing for diabetic foot ulcer at Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belagavi
Authors: Koujalagi Ramesh S. , Uppin V. M. , Shah Soham , Sharma Dron 
Published: January 2020

Background: The objective of the study is to find out the effect of honey dressing versus povidone iodine dressing for reduction of wound size in diabetic foot ulcer.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was done in the Department of General Surgery, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital, Belagavi from January 2017 to December 2017. 64 patients were randomized into 32 group each undergoing unprocessed honey dressing and other group undergoing povidone iodine dressing.Results: The mean wound size in honey dressing was 23.16 cm2 and 23.03 cm2 in povidone dressings at baseline, 23.16 cm2 and 22.94 cm2 at 1st day follow up, 23.16 cm2 and 22.94 cm2 at 3rd day follow up, 19.38 cm2 and 20.28 cm2 at 5th day follow up, 16.13 cm2 and 17.06 cm2 at 7th day follow up, 12.44 cm2 and 16.13 cm2 at 10th day follow up and the end of 15th day, it was 10.69 cm2 and 15.06 cm2 respectively in honey dressing group and povidone dressing group. The difference in the wound size in honey dressing group and povidone dressing group at 1st day, 3rd day, 5th day, 7th day, 10th day follow up period were statistically not significant (p>0.05). The difference in the wound size in honey dressing group at 15th day follow up period were statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: This study shows more favorable results with honey dressing for reduction of wound size in diabetic foot ulcers.
Isolated giant plexiform neurofibroma of lower back: a rare case presentation
Authors: Mishra Devansh , Wasnik Nitin , Sakarkar Priyanka 
Published: January 2020

Plexiform neurofibroma is a rare benign tumor of the peripheral tissue cells that develops in the perineurium that is often considered pathognomonic of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1 or von Recklinghausen disease). They occur most frequently in the craniomaxillofacial region, rarely on back and extremities. They are extremely vascular and there is 15-20% potential for malignant transformation. A 35-year-old married female presented with painless swelling in left lower back that began at around 8 years of age. The swelling gradually increased in size. The patient reported embarrassment over the disfigurement caused by the mass. Her medical history was unremarkable and none of the relatives was known to be affected. Surgical resection of the swelling with primary closure was done. Histopathology findings were consistent with neurofibromatosis. Hereby reporting a rare case of isolated plexiform neurofibroma of lower back which was surgically cured as a perusal of rare entity. We also try to emphasize on the need of sprightful clinical diagnosis with multidisciplinary approach in the management of these type of tumors. Finally, we insist on the need of a long term clinical and radiological follow-up of these patients to assess post resection recurrence or malignant transformation.
ALTERATION REPRESENTATION IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSLATION GRAPHIC TO GRAPHIC
Authors: Tyasing Swastika Galuh , Nusantara Toto , Subanji  , Irawati Santi 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: This research aims to analyze the alteration representation in the process of translation graphic to graphic where students were asked to solve derivative and integral graphics problems. Methodology: This research used a pseudo-experimental study with Pretest-posttest nonequivalent Group Design. This research was conducted on 24 mathematics education students. Students were asked to solve derivative and integral graphics problems. Some samples of students were interviewed to determine the translation process. Main Findings: The results of the study showed that the subject used two different methods to carry out the translation process. Thus, all students perform the process of translating the graphic representation into graphs with two different methods, namely the interval and the symbolic. Applications of this study: The implications of this study indicated that the translation process can help students solve problems, especially problems with graphs and algebra, also revealed activity in the translation process different from that of other researchers before. Novelty/Originality of this study: Researchers express a new activity to the translation by calling the conversion Intermediary In the stages of Preliminary Coordination (PC) and Objective Construction (CT), S1 and S2 show different forms.
FACTORS INFLUENCING TAX AVOIDANCE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nafik Hadi Ryandono Muhamad , Ernayani Rihfenti , Atmojo Purwo , Susilowati Dwi , Indriastuty Nina 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to prove the influence of profitability, size, leverage, and capital intensity either partially or simultaneously on tax avoidance in food and beverage companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during 2014-2016 period.
Methodology: The sampling method used purposive sampling with 195 data processed. Data were analyzed with multiple linear regression by using the SPSS program.
Main Findings: The results proved that, partially, profitability did not influence tax avoidance, size has influenced tax avoidance, leverage gave no influence on tax avoidance, and capital intensity provided no effect on tax avoidance.
Applications of this study: The population of this study was food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The total population taken was 19 companies. The sampling employed purposive sampling.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The results proved that, partially, profitability did not influence tax avoidance, size has influenced tax avoidance, leverage gave no influence on tax avoidance, and capital intensity provided no effect on tax avoidance. While simultaneously, profitability, size, leverage, and capital intensity affected the tax avoidance in food and beverage companies listed on BEI.
Legal Conflicts in the Border Dispute between Indonesia and Timor Leste
Authors: Rato Dominikus 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to find the pattern of dependable approach in the border dispute settlement between Indonesia and Timor Leste in Oecusse. Historically, the community lived in the border area came from one ancestor. Because of social-political problems, however, the community subsequently followed the trajectory for which the partition between Indonesia and Timor Leste was undeniable. As a result of the partition, in the context, adat land should become the collective right of the community, which is situated under one adat law system but in the different national jurisdictions. This study questions on what causes collective land conflicts at the border of these countries. Using socio-legal and local wisdom approaches, as it is subsequently analyzed according to adat law, the study finds the cause that emerged as the result of the legal conflict between adat law and state law. If the state hands over the problem to adat communities or traditional leaders, based on their adat law dispute resolution, the conflict will resolve quickly. This study recommends the two states, Indonesia and Timor Leste, to provide the dispute resolution to adat or traditional leaders based on their adat law.
Keywords: Legal Conflicts, Border Dispute, Adat Law.
Sex-specific impact of patterns of imageable tumor growth on survival of primary glioblastoma patients
Authors: Whitmire Paula , Rickertsen Cassandra R , Hawkins-Daarud Andrea , Carrasco Eduardo , Lorence Julia , De Leon Gustavo , Curtin Lee , Bayless Spencer , Clark-Swanson Kamala , Peeri Noah , Corpuz Christina , Angeles Christine Paula Lewis-de los , Bendok Bernard , Gonzalez-Cuyar Luis , Vora Sujay , Mrugala Maciej M , Hu Leland , Wang Lei , Porter Alyx , Kumthekar Priya , Johnston Sandra , Egan Kathleen , Gatenby Robert , Canoll Peter , Rubin Joshua , Swanson Kristin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Sex is recognized as a significant determinant of outcome among glioblastoma patients, but the relative prognostic importance of glioblastoma features has not been thoroughly explored for sex differences.
Methods : Combining multi-modal MR images, biomathematical models, and patient clinical information, this investigation assesses which pretreatment variables have a sex-specific impact on the survival of glioblastoma patients (299 males and 195 females).
Results : Among males, tumor (T1Gd) radius was a predictor of overall survival (HR=1.027, p=0.044). Among females, higher tumor cell net invasion rate was a significant detriment to overall survival (HR=1.011, p<0.001). Female extreme survivors had significantly smaller tumors (T1Gd) (p=0.010 t-test), but tumor size was not correlated with female overall survival (p=0.955 CPH). Both male and female extreme survivors had significantly lower tumor cell net proliferation rates than other patients (M p=0.004, F p=0.001, t-test).
Conclusion : Despite similar distributions of the MR imaging parameters between males and females, there was a sex-specific difference in how these parameters related to outcomes.
RNA-Seq reveals differential expression profiles and functional annotation of genes involved in retinal degeneration in Pde6c mutant Danio rerio
Authors: Saddala Madhu Sudhana , Lennikov Anton , Bouras Adam , Huang Hu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Retinal degenerative diseases affect millions of people and represent the leading cause of vision loss around the world. Retinal degeneration has been attributed to a wide variety of causes, such as disruption of genes involved in phototransduction, biosynthesis, folding of the rhodopsin molecule, and the structural support of the retina. The molecular pathogenesis of the biological events in retinal degeneration is unclear; however, the molecular basis of the retinal pathological defect can be potentially determined by gene-expression profiling of the whole retina. In the present study, we analyzed the differential gene expression profile of the retina from a wild-type zebrafish and phosphodiesterase 6c (pde6c) mutant. Results: The datasets were downloaded from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA), and adaptors and unbiased bases were removed, and sequences were checked to ensure the quality. The reads were further aligned to the reference genome of zebrafish, and the gene expression was calculated. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered based on the false discovery rate (FDR) (±4) and p-values (p < 0.001). We performed gene annotation (molecular function [MF], biological process [BP], cellular component [CC]), and determined the functional pathways Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway for the DEGs. Our result showed 216 upregulated and 3,527 downregulated genes between normal and pde6c mutant zebrafish. These DEGs are involved in various KEGG pathways, such as the phototransduction (12 genes), mRNA surveillance (17 genes), phagosome (25 genes), glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (15 genes), adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes (29 genes), ribosome (20 genes), the citrate cycle (TCA cycle; 8 genes), insulin signaling (24 genes), oxidative phosphorylation (20 genes), and RNA transport (22 genes) pathways. Many more of all the pathway genes were downregulated, while fewer were upregulated in the retina of mutant zebrafish. Conclusions: Our data strongly indicate that, among these genes, the above-mentioned pathways’ genes as well as calcium-binding, neural damage, peptidase, immunological, and apoptosis proteins are mostly involved in the retinal and neural degeneration that cause abnormalities in photoreceptors or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.
Acceptance of mHealth among Health Professionals: A Case Study on Anesthesia Practitioners
Authors: Carvalho Hugo , Verdonck Michael , Forget Patrice , Poelaert Jan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: mHealth, the practice of medicine aided by mobile devices is a growing market. Although the offer on Anesthesia applications (Apps) is quite prolific, representative formal assessments on the views of anesthesia practitioners on its use and potential place in daily practice is lacking. This survey aimed thus to cross-assess the Belgian anesthesia population on the use of smartphone Apps and peripherals.Methods: The survey was exclusively distributed as an online anonymous questionnaire. Sharing took place via hyperlink forwarding by the Belgian Society for Anesthesia and Reanimation (BSAR) and by the Belgian Association for Regional Anesthesia (BARA) to all registered members. The first answer took place on 5 September 2018, the last on 22 January 2019. Results: 349 answers were obtained (26.9% corresponding to trainees, 73.1% to specialists). Anesthesiologists were positively confident that Apps and peripherals could help improve anesthesia care (57.0% and 47.9%, respectively, scored 4 or 5, in a scale from 0 - 5). Trainees were significantly more confident than specialists on both mobile Apps (71.2% and 51.8%, respectively; p = 0.001) and peripherals (77.7% and 45.1%, respectively; p = 0.09).The usefulness of Apps and Peripherals was rated 1 or below (on a 0 to 5 scale), respectively, by 9.5% and 14.6% of the total surveyed population, being specialists proportionally less confident in Smartphone peripherals than trainees (p = 0.008). Mobile apps are actively used by a significantly higher proportional number of trainees (67.0% vs. 37.3%, respectively; p = 0.000001).The preferred category of mobile Apps was dose-calculating applications (39.15%), followed by digital books (21.1%) and Apps for active perioperative monitoring (20.0%).Conclusions: Belgian Anesthesia practitioners show a global positive attitude towards smartphone Apps and Peripherals, with trainees trending to be more confident than specialists.
No association between the Ser9Gly polymorphism of the dopamine receptor D3 gene and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of family-based association studies
Authors: Li Xiao-na , Zheng Ji-long , Wei Xiao-han , Wang Bao-jie , Yao Jun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Ser9Gly (rs6280) is a functional single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the human dopamine receptor D3 gene ( DRD3 ) that may be involved in the occurrence of schizophrenia. We performed a meta-analysis of family-based studies to explore the role of Ser9Gly in the etiology of schizophrenia. Methods : The published family-based association studies were retrieved from the relevant literature databases according to the established inclusion criteria. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to determine the strength of the relationship between Ser9Gly SNP and the occurrence of schizophrenia. Results : We finally pooled up 13 family-based association studies between Ser9Gly SNP and schizophrenia. It contained 11 transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) studies with 1219 informative meiosis and 5 haplotype-based haplotype relative risk (HHRR) studies. There was no statistical significance for the heterogeneity in TDT and HHRR studies. Therefore, the fixed effect model was used to measure the pooled effect size. The results showed that neither of the associations between Ser9Gly and the risk of schizophrenia were observed in TDT (1219 samples, OR=1.005, 95% CI = 0.898-1.125, Z-value = 0.086, p = 0.932) and HHRR studies (1704 samples, OR=0.869, 95% CI = 0.713-1.059, Z-value = -1.395, p = 0.163), except for the significantly preferential transmission of DRD3 Ser9 allele in East Asian in TDT studies (204 samples, OR=0.744, 95% CI = 0.564-0.980, Z-value = -2.104, p = 0.035). Conclusions : Our meta-analysis found no association between DRD3 gene Ser9Gly polymorphism and the risk of schizophrenia. These data provide possible avenues for future family-based studies related to schizophrenia.
Perceptions and experiences with District Health Information System software to collect and utilize health data in Bangladesh: A qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Begum Tahmina , Khan Shaan Muberra , Adamou Bridgit , Ferdous Jannatul , Parvez Muhammad Masud , Islam Mohammad Saiful , Kumkum Feroza Akhter , Rahman Aminur , Anwar Iqbal 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Accurate and high-quality data are important for improving program effectiveness and informing policy. Bangladesh’s health management information system adopted the District Health Information Software, Version 2 (DHIS2) in 2009 to capture real-time health service utilization data. However, routinely collected data are being underused because of poor data quality. We aimed to understand the facilitators and barriers of implementing DHIS2 as a way to retrieve meaningful and accurate data for reproductive, maternal and child health (RMCAH) services. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in two districts of Bangladesh from September 2017 to 2018. Data collection included key informant interviews (n=11), in-depth interviews (n=23), and focus group discussions (n=2). The study participants were individuals involved with DHIS2 implementation from the community level to the national level. The data were analyzed thematically.Results: DHIS2 could improve the timeliness and completeness of data reporting over time. The reported facilitating factors were strong government commitment, extensive donor support, and positive attitudes toward the technology among staffs. Quality checks and feedback loops at multiple levels of data gathering points were helpful to minimize data errors. Introducing a dashboard makes DHIS2 compatible to use as monitoring tool. However, the barriers to effective DHIS2 implementation were lack of human resources, slow Internet connectivity, frequent changes to of DHIS2 versions, and maintaining both manual and electronic system side-by-side. Data in DHIS2 remains incomplete because it does not capture data from private health facilities. Having two parallel management information systems reporting the same RMNCAH indicators threatens data quality and increases the reporting workload. Conclusion: The overall insights from this study are expected to contribute to the development of effective strategies for successful DHIS2 implementation and building responsive health management information system. Focused strategic direction is needed to sustain the achievements of digital data culture. Periodic refresher trainings, incentives for increased performance, and an automated single reporting system for multiple stakeholders could make the system more user-friendly. A national electronic health strategy and implementation framework can facilitate creating a culture of DHIS2 use for planning, setting priorities, and decision making among stakeholder groups.
Recombinant cold shock domain containing protein is a potential antigen to detect specific antibody during early and late infections of Haemonchus contortus in goat
Authors: Naqvi Muhammad Ali-ul-Husnain , Aimulajiang KaLiBiXiaTi , Memon Muhammad Ali , Hasan Muhammad Waqqas , Naqvi Sana Zahra , Lakho Shakeel Ahmed , Chu Wen , Xu Lixin , Song Xiaokai , Li XiangRui , Yan RuoFeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Haemonchus contortus ( H. contortus ) is one of the most important parasites that cause huge economic losses to small ruminant industry worldwide. Effective prognosis and treatment depend upon the early diagnosis of H. contortus infection. To date, no widely-approved methods for the identification of prepatent H. contortus infection are available to identify prepatent H. contortus infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of recombinant cold shock H. contortus protein (rHc-CS) during early and late infections of H. contortus in goat.
Results : Purified rHc-CS exhibited a clear band, with a molecular weight about 38 kDa. H. contortus eggs were not detected by fecal egg count technique from feces collected at 0 to 14 days post infection (D.P.I). However, eggs were detected at 21, 28 and 35 D.P.I. Hence, results of immunoblotting assay showed specific anti rHc-CS antibody detection in all goat sera collected at early stage (14 D.P.I) and late stage (21-103 D.P.I) of H. contortus infection. Furthermore, no cross reactivity was observed against Trichinella spiralis , Fasciola hepatica and Toxoplasma gondii or uninfected goats. Among several evaluated rHc-CS indirect-ELISA format variables, favorable antigen coating concentration was found 0.28μg/well at 37℃ 1h and overnight at 4°C. Moreover, optimum dilution ratio of serum and rabbit anti-goat IgG was recorded as 1:100 and 1:4000, respectively. The best blocking buffer was 5% Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) while the best time for blocking, serum incubation and TMB reaction were recorded as 60, 120 and 10 min, respectively. The cut-off value for positive and negative interpretation was determined as 0.352 (OD 450 ). The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of the rHc-CS, both were recorded as 100%.
Conclusion : These results validated that rHc-CS is a potential immunodiagnostic antigen to detect the specific antibodies during early and late H. contortus infections in goat.