bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the mixing and separation of UHF signals with multiple insulation defects in GIS
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxiao , Mu Wei , Yun Yuxin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to explore the mixing characteristics of ultra-high frequency (UHF) partial discharge (PD) signals in GIS, simulation tools and Antenna Theory concerning the electromagnetic field (XFDTD) have been adopted in investigating the mixed features of UHF signals in GIS environment. Simulation results and theoretical analysis in this paper demonstrate that convolution is the basic relationship between PD current signal and the single UHF PD signal; the PD mixing signals are the linear and instantaneous mixture of single PD signals and they are also the linear and convolution mixture of PD current signals. The reverse process of those mixing modes are also been discussed based on blind sources separation and find out that it is an over complete blind source separation problem to gain single UHF PD signal from mixed one. Moreover, it can be approximated to conventional blind source separation when the layout of ultra-high frequency sensors is compact.
Spectral-detector based x-ray absorptiometry (SDXA): in-vivo bone mineral density measurements in patients with and without osteoporotic fractures
Authors: Laugerette Alexis , Baum Thomas , Gersing Alexandra S , Schwaiger Benedikt J , Brown Kevin , Frerking Lena C , Shapira Nadav , Pfeiffer Daniela , Rummeny Ernst J , Proksa Roland , Pfeiffer Franz , Noël Peter B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives: To study whether a dual-layer spectral CT scout scan-based areal BMD estimation method, called Spectral-detector based x-ray absorptiometry (SDXA), can differentiate patients with versus without osteoporotic fractures. Methods: The ability of the method to differentiate patients with osteoporosis was evaluated by assessing the areal BMD at the spine (L1 to L4) in a group of 19 patients presenting at least one fracture and comparing these results to the areal BMD of age- and gender-matched controls (57 patients). Finally, the reproducibility of SDXA was evaluated in-vivo through the calculation of coefficients of variation (CV), using three repeated analyses performed on each patient. Results: The average areal BMD of patients presenting fractures, measured with the scout scan-based method (0.86 ± 0.17 g cm−2), was found to be significantly lower than the average BMD of the control group (1.00 ± 0.17 g cm−2, p = 0.043). The reproducibility of the method in-vivo was found to be reasonable, with CVs ranging between 3.1 and 6.9%. Conclusions: The results illustrate that the SDXA method for DXA-equivalent areal BMD estimation -delivers the ability to distinguish patients presenting osteoporotic fractures. Considering the total number of CT examinations worldwide, SDXA could develop to be a useful tool for truly opportunistic osteoporosis screening for a future clinical day-to-day routine.
Resolution of the Plane-symmetric Einstein-Maxwell fields with a generalization of the Lambert W function
Authors: Mező István , Corcino Cristina B , Corcino Roberto B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Here, the Einstein-Maxwell field equation with plane-symmetry is resolved and a solution involving a generalized Lambert W function is obtained. This generalized Lambert W function is studied and its derivative, Taylor series, Mellin transform and approximation formula are derived and its real branches are determined. Implications of these analytic properties to the solution function are also presented.
Design of a motorised plasma delivery system for ultra-precision large optical fabrication
Authors: Zhou Hui , Bennett Adam , Castelli Marco , Jourdain Renaud , Guo Jiang , Yu Nan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A unique plasma figuring (PF) process was created and demonstrated at Cranfield University for manufacturing extremely large telescopes. The atmospheric pressure processing is faster and more cost-effective than other finishing processes; thus, providing an important alternative for large optical surfaces. The industrial scale manufacturing of thousands of ultra-precision metre-scale optics requires a robust PF machine: this requirement is achieved by making the plasma delivery system (PDS) performance repeatable. In this study, a dedicated PDS for large optical manufacturing was proposed to meet the industrial requirement. The PDS is based on an L-type radiofrequency (RF) network, a power supply, and an inductively coupled plasma torch. However, the complexities of these technologies require an in depth understanding of the integrated components that from the PDS. A smart control system for the modified PDS was created. This novel control system aims to make the characterization process deterministic: by automating the tuning of critical electrical components in the RF network, which is achieved by the use of in-line metrology. This paper describes the main design aspects. The PDS was tested with a good correlation between capacitance and RF frequencies. The robust PDS design enables a stable discharge of plasma with a low deviation of RF signals during the total 15 hours’ test.
K-means-driven Gaussian Process data collection for angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Authors: Melton Charles N , Noack Marcus M , Ohta Taisuke , Beechem Thomas E , Robinson Jeremy , Zhang Xiaotian , Bostwick Aaron , Jozwiak Chris , Koch Roland J , Zwart Petrus H , Hexemer Alexander , Rotenberg Eli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We propose the combination of k-means clustering with Gaussian Process (GP) regression in the analysis and exploration of 4D angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) data. Using cluster labels as the driving metric on which the GP is trained, this method allows us to reconstruct the experimental phase diagram from as low as 12% of the original dataset size. In addition to the phase diagram, the GP is able to reconstruct spectra in energy-momentum space from this minimal set of data points. These findings suggest that this methodology can be used to improve the efficiency of ARPES data collection strategies for unknown samples. The practical feasibility of implementing this technology at a synchrotron beamline and the overall efficiency implications of this method are discussed with a view on enabling the collection of more samples or rapid identification of regions of interest.
Modeled Air Pollution from In Situ Burning and Flaring of Oil and Gas Released Following the Deepwater Horizon Disaster
Authors: Pratt Gregory C , Stenzel Mark R , Kwok Richard K , Groth Caroline P , Banerjee Sudipto , Arnold Susan F , Engel Lawrence S , Sandler Dale P , Stewart Patricia A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The GuLF STUDY, initiated by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, is investigating the health effects among workers involved in the oil spill response and clean-up (OSRC) after the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) explosion in April 2010 in the Gulf of Mexico. Clean-up included in situ burning of oil on the water surface and flaring of gas and oil captured near the seabed and brought to the surface. We estimated emissions of PM2.5 and related pollutants resulting from these activities, as well as from engines of vessels working on the OSRC. PM2.5 emissions ranged from 30 to 1.33e6 kg per day and were generally uniform over time for the flares but highly episodic for the in situ burns. Hourly emissions from each source on every burn/flare day were used as inputs to the AERMOD model to develop average and maximum concentrations for 1-, 12-, and 24-h time periods. The highest predicted 24-h average concentrations sometimes exceeded 5000 µg m−3 in the first 500 m downwind of flaring and reached 71 µg m−3 within a kilometer of some in situ burns. Beyond 40 km from the DWH site, plumes appeared to be well mixed, and the predicted 24-h average concentrations from the flares and in situ burns were similar, usually below 10 µg m−3. Structured averaging of model output gave potential PM2.5 exposure estimates for OSRC workers located in various areas across the Gulf. Workers located nearest the wellhead (hot zone/source workers) were estimated to have a potential maximum 12-h exposure of 97 µg m−3 over the 2-month flaring period. The potential maximum 12-h exposure for workers who participated in in situ burns was estimated at 10 µg m−3 over the ~3-month burn period. The results suggest that burning of oil and gas during the DWH clean-up may have resulted in PM2.5 concentrations substantially above the U.S. National Ambient Air Quality Standard for PM2.5 (24-h average = 35 µg m−3). These results are being used to investigate possible adverse health effects in the GuLF STUDY epidemiologic analysis of PM2.5 exposures.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in a San Francisco Homeless Shelter
Authors: Imbert Elizabeth , Kinley Patrick M , Scarborough Ashley , Cawley Caroline , Sankaran Madeline , Cox Sarah N , Kushel Margot , Stoltey Juliet , Cohen Stephanie , Fuchs Jonathan D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We report the public health response to a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in a San Francisco shelter where 67% of residents and 17% of staff tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We describe the limited utility of case investigation, person-based contact tracing and symptom screening, and the benefits of mass testing in outbreak response.
Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: Evolving Approaches to Diagnosis and Risk-Stratification
Authors: Chapman Andrew R , Sandoval Yader 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) is frequently encountered in clinical practice and associated with adverse outcomes.

Content
T2MI occurs most frequently due to noncoronary etiologies that alter myocardial oxygen supply and/or demand. The diagnosis of T2MI is often confused with acute nonischemic myocardial injury, in part because of difficulties in delineating the nature of symptoms and misunderstandings about disease categorization. The use of objective features of myocardial ischemia using electrocardiographic (ECG) or imaging abnormalities may facilitate more precise T2MI diagnosis. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) assays allow rapid MI diagnosis and risk stratification, yet neither maximum nor delta values facilitate differentiation of T2MI from T1MI. Several investigational biomarkers have been evaluated for T2MI, but none have robust data. There is interest in evaluating risk profiles among patients with T2MI. Clinically, the magnitude of maximum and delta cTn values as well as the presence and magnitude of ischemia on ECG or imaging is used to indicate disease severity. Scoring systems such as GRACE, TIMI, and TARRACO have been evaluated, but all have limited to modest performance, with substantial variation in time intervals used for risk-assessment and endpoints used.

Summary
The diagnosis of T2MI requires biomarker evidence of acute myocardial injury and clear clinical evidence of acute myocardial ischemia without atherothrombosis. T2MIs are most often caused by noncoronary etiologies that alter myocardial oxygen supply and/or demand. They are increasingly encountered in clinical practice and associated with poor short- and long-term outcomes. Clinicians require novel biomarker or imaging approaches to facilitate diagnosis and risk-stratification.
Medea is a Good Boy: performing, subverting, and unmasking tragic gender
Authors: Baldwin Oliver 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn 1981, the Spanish playwright Luis Riaza published the play Medea es un buen chico (Medea is a Good Boy). In it, two male actors perform the main roles of Medea and the Nurse, who comment, with references to other fictional love stories, on the relationship between Medea and Jason. When Jason fails to arrive, the fiction is dismantled, revealing Medea’s identity as Jason’s rejected homosexual lover. Medea es un buen chico mixes elements of performativity, meta-theatricality, and myth in order to explore the limits of gender, sexuality, and the perceived social roles and norms they entail. This article explores how Riaza theatrically reflects on the social performativity of gender through the tragic character and story of Medea, her performance and subversion of her own gendered self, and her eventual rejection and social displacement.
Patient-reported outcomes and medication adherence in patients with heart failure
Authors: Rasmussen Anne Ankerstjerne , Wiggers Henrik , Jensen Martin , Berg Selina Kikkenborg , Rasmussen Trine Bernholdt , Borregaard Britt , Thrysoee Lars , Thorup Charlotte Brun , Mols Rikke Elmose , Larsen Signe Holm , Johnsen Søren Paaske 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aims
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) may predict poor clinical outcome in patients with heart failure (HF). It remains unclear whether PROMs are associated with subsequent adherence to HF medication. We aimed to determine whether health-related quality of life, anxiety, and depression were associated with long-term medication adherence in these patients.

Methods and results
A national cohort study of Danish patients with HF with 3-year follow-up (n = 1464). PROMs included the EuroQol five-dimensional, five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), the HeartQoL and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) data were linked to demographic and clinical data at baseline, and data on all redeemed prescriptions for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers/angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ACEI/ARB/ARNI), β-blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists during follow-up. Medication non-adherence was defined as &lt;80% of proportion of days covered. In adjusted regression analyses, lower health-related quality of life (EQ-5D and HeartQoL) and symptoms of depression (HADS-D) at discharge were associated with non-adherence. After 3 years of follow-up, lower health-related quality of life (EQ-5D) was associated with non-adherence for ACEI/ARB/ARNI [adjusted OR 2.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–6.49], β-blockers (adjusted OR 2.35, 95% CI: 1.04–5.29), whereas HADS-D was associated with non-adherence for ACEI/ARB/ARNI (adjusted OR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03–1.11) and β-blockers (adjusted OR 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02–1.10).

Conclusion
Lower health-related quality of life and symptoms of depression were associated with non-adherence across HF medications at 1 and 3 years of follow-up. Person-centred care using PROMs may carry a potential for identifying patients at increased risk of future medication non-adherence.
Examining vaccination coverage in Germany: spatiotemporal clustering of MMR coverage, 2008–14
Authors: Spencer Cory N , Delamater Paul L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy is an increasing global health threat but much of the recent research has centred on the USA. European countries provide an interesting context due to increases in vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks as well as variability in vaccination laws. We investigated the spatiotemporal clustering of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccination coverage in Germany, a country with a historic absence of compulsory vaccination laws. We also examined measles incidence in the context of the spatiotemporal clustering results. While we did not identify strong spatial patterns of geographic clustering in Germany, our results suggest a potential relationship between measles incidence and vaccination coverage cluster status.
Chlamydia suisis associated with intestinal NF-κB activation in experimentally infected gnotobiotic piglets
Authors: Aumayer Helen , Leonard Cory Ann , Pesch Theresa , Prähauser Barbara , Wunderlin Sabina , Guscetti Franco , Borel Nicole 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTChlamydia suis intestinal infection of single-animal experimental groups of gnotobiotic newborn piglets was previously reported to cause severe, temporary small intestinal epithelium damage. We investigated archived intestinal samples for pro-inflammatory nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 production and immune cell influx. Samples were collected 2, 4 and 7 days post-inoculation with C. suis strain S45/6 or mock inoculum (control). Increased nuclear localization of epithelial NF-κB, representative of activation, in the jejunum and ileum of C. suis-infected animals, compared to uninfected controls, began by 2 days post-infection (dpi) and persisted through 7 dpi. Infected animals showed increased production of IL-8, peaking at 2 dpi, compared to controls. Infection-mediated CD45-positive immune cell influx into the jejunal lamina propria peaked at 7 dpi, when epithelial damage was largely resolved. Activation of NF-κB appears to be a key early event in the innate response of the unprimed porcine immune system challenged with C. suis. This results in an acute phase, coinciding with the most severe clinical symptoms, diarrhea and weight loss. Immune cells recruited shortly after infection remain present in the lamina propria during the recovery phase, which is characterized by reduced chlamydial shedding and restored intestinal epithelium integrity.
DOCK3 is a dosage-sensitive regulator of skeletal muscle and Duchenne muscular dystrophy-associated pathologies
Authors: Reid Andrea L , Wang Yimin , Samani Adrienne , Hightower Rylie M , Lopez Michael A , Gilbert Shawn R , Ianov Lara , Crossman David K , Dell’Italia Louis J , Millay Douglas P , van Groen Thomas , Halade Ganesh V , Alexander Matthew S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
DOCK3 is a member of the DOCK family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate cell migration, fusion and viability. Previously, we identified a dysregulated miR-486/DOCK3 signaling cascade in dystrophin-deficient muscle, which resulted in the overexpression of DOCK3; however, little is known about the role of DOCK3 in muscle. Here, we characterize the functional role of DOCK3 in normal and dystrophic skeletal muscle. Utilizing Dock3 global knockout (Dock3 KO) mice, we found that the haploinsufficiency of Dock3 in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mice improved dystrophic muscle pathologies; however, complete loss of Dock3 worsened muscle function. Adult Dock3 KO mice have impaired muscle function and Dock3 KO myoblasts are defective for myogenic differentiation. Transcriptomic analyses of Dock3 KO muscles reveal a decrease in myogenic factors and pathways involved in muscle differentiation. These studies identify DOCK3 as a novel modulator of muscle health and may yield therapeutic targets for treating dystrophic muscle symptoms.
Advancements towards selective barrier passage by automatic species identification: applications of deep convolutional neural networks on images of dewatered fish
Authors: Eickholt Jesse , Kelly Dylan , Bryan Janine , Miehls Scott , Zielinski Dan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Invasive species negatively affect enterprises such as fisheries, agriculture, and international trade. In the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin, threats include invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and the four major Chinese carps. Barriers have proven to be an effective mechanism for managing invasive species but are detrimental in that they also limit the migration of desirable, native species. Fish passage technologies that selectively pass desirable species while blocking undesirable species are needed. Key to an automated selective barrier passage system is a high precision fish classifier to assign fish to be passed or blocked. Presented is an evaluation of two classifiers developed using images of partially dewatered fish captured from a commercial, high-speed camera array. For a lamprey vs. non-lamprey classification task, an ensemble prediction approach achieved near perfect accuracy on both a validation and test dataset. For a species classification task for 13 species found in the Great Lakes region, an ensemble prediction approach achieved accuracies of 96% and 97% on a validation and test dataset, respectively. Both prediction approaches were based on deep convolutional neural networks constructed using transfer learning and image augmentation. The study provides an important proof-of-concept for the viability in fully automated, selective fish passage systems.
Delayed surgery after mechanical circulatory support for ventricular septal rupture with cardiogenic shock
Authors: Morimura Hayato , Tabata Minoru 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The effectiveness of delayed surgery for ventricular septal rupture (VSR) following myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with cardiogenic shock remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the outcomes of delayed surgery following mechanical circulatory support for patients in cardiogenic shock after VSR.

METHODS
We reviewed 8 patients with post-MI VSR and cardiogenic shock who underwent delayed surgery at our institution between July 2015 and November 2017. Surgery was delayed until haemodynamic stabilization and improved organ ischaemia were achieved by initiating intra-aortic balloon pumping with or without veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). We investigated the operative mortality, morbidity and late survival.

RESULTS
All 8 patients had preoperative intra-aortic balloon pump support, and 5 had additional veno-arterial ECMO support. Emergency repair was successfully avoided in all cases. The median time from the onset of MI to operation was 7.1 (3.7–9.9) days, and that from the diagnosis of VSR to operation was 1.9 (1.3–2.3) days. The operative mortality was 12.5%, and complications related to mechanical circulatory support occurred in 1 case (12.5%). The 2-year survival rate was 62.5%.

CONCLUSIONS
A combination of preoperative mechanical circulatory support and delayed surgery may improve the outcomes of patients with post-MI VSR, which was complicated by cardiogenic shock. The key to a better surgical outcome may be delaying the surgery for improving end-organ perfusion. This requires further investigation, especially for determining the optimal duration of support.