bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accountability contribuindo na efetivação da universalização do ensino especialmente na Educação do Campo
Authors: Oliveira Claudius Vinicius Souza , Pinho Maria José de 
Published: December 2020

O artigo promove a discussão sobre as aplicações das políticas públicas de accountability na educação básica, com destaque para a Educação do Campo, que atende prioritariamente ao objetivo de quantificação dos resultados considerados positivos para utilização com fins ideológicos neoliberais, em detrimento do diagnóstico de situações que precisam avançar para atingir uma educação de qualidade. Assim, o trabalho está fundamentado em uma abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvida por meio de análises bibliográficas em materiais impressos e sites de buscas. As conclusões permitem compreender que as políticas públicas educacionais para universalização do ensino necessitam maiores atenções.
Palavras-chave: Accountability, Universalização, Educação do Campo.

Accountability contributing in the effectiveness of education universalization especially in Rural Education
ABSTRACT: The article promotes the discussion on the application of public accountability policies in basic education with emphasis on Rural Education, which primarily serves the objective of quantifying the results considered positive for use with neoliberal ideological purposes, to the detriment of diagnosing situations that need to advance to achieve an education of quality. Thus, the work is based on a qualitative approach developed through bibliographic analysis, in printed materials and search sites. The conclusions allow us to understand that public educational policies for the education universalization need greater attention.
Keywords: Accountability, Universalization, Rural Education.

Responsabilidad que contribuye a la efectividad de la universalización de la educación especialmente Educación rural
RESUMEN: El artículo promueve la discusión sobre la aplicación de políticas públicas de rendición de cuentas en la educación básica con énfasis en Educación Rural, que principalmente sirve al objetivo de cuantificar los resultados considerados positivos para su uso con fines ideológicos neoliberales, en detrimento de diagnosticar situaciones que necesitan avanzar para lograr una educación de calidad. Así, el trabajo se basa en un enfoque cualitativo desarrollado a través del análisis bibliográfico, en materiales impresos y sitios de búsqueda. Las conclusiones permiten comprender que las políticas públicas educativas para la universalización de la educación necesitan mayor atención.
Palabras clave: Responsabilidad, Universalización, Educación Rural.
Transgenerational inheritance of BPA-induced obesity correlates with transmission of new CTCF sites in the Fto gene
Authors: Corces Victor , Jung Yoon , Bixler Brianna , Ruiz Daniel , Wang Hsiao-Lin , Linsenbaum Hannah , Xiang Jian-Feng , Shafik Andrew , Jin Peng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The mechanisms by which epiphenotypes are transmitted transgenerationally through the parental germlines are poorly understood. Here we show that exposure of pregnant mouse F0 females during E7.5-E13.5 to bisphenol A results in obesity in the F2 progeny in the absence of additional exposure. This epiphenotype can be transmitted through the male and female germlines up to the F5 generation, decreases in F6, and disappears in F7. Analyses of chromatin changes in the sperm of the F1 generation reveal a widespread increase in chromatin accessibility at binding sites for CTCF and other transcription factors accompanied by alterations in 3D organization. Comparison of the transmission of obesity between F2 and F5 and its disappearance in F7 with alterations in the binding of these transcription factors points to the activation of two enhancers located in intronic and intergenic regions of the Fto gene as the cause of transgenerational inheritance. These enhancers form an autoregulatory feedback loop that, in combination with a decrease of m6A in sperm RNAs, may cause alterations of gene expression in the embryo after fertilization. Given the established involvement of SNPs in FTO in human obesity, the results suggest that both genetic and epigenetic alterations of the same gene can lead to the same phenotypic outcomes on human health.
Cross-Sectional Study of Outpatient Drug Indicators, Prescribing Trends and Economic Data of Chinese Jingzhou Area With WHO/INRUD Methodology
Authors: Zou Jun , Mei Jingsong , Yang Yuanrong , Jia Guohua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In order to get the baseline data of Chinese hospital overall medical reformation and investigate the drug indicators, prescribing trends and economic data, we investigated the data before administrative interventions with the historical control method. Method: According to the WHO/INRUD criteria and cross-sectional studies, the retrospective method and equal sample interval of systematic sampling were used. We sampled from daily ordinary prescriptions, computed the drug indicators, prescribing trends and economic data and compared the mean of twelve days. Result: We sampled 1171 from 38246 adult ordinary prescriptions, the sampling percent was 3.06%, percentage of drugs prescribed by generic name 100.00%, In 2012-2014, the percentage of antibiotic cost in the daily drug cost decreased from17.44% to 8.01%, percentage of prescriptions with an antibiotic prescribed decreased from 12.64% to 9.64%, percentage of encounters with an injection prescribed decreased from 15.21% to 12.77%, the percentage of antibiotic cost in the daily drug cost decreased from 17.44% to 8.01%.Conclusion: By comparing the related data, most indicators were in decreasing trend and becoming more rational, administrative interventions had greatly most prescribing indicators, our hospital overall medical reformation was steadily advanced.
Distinct metabolic features in the plasma of patients with silicosis and dust-exposed workers in China：a case-control study
Authors: Xue Changjiang , Wu Na , Fan Yali , Ma Jing , Ye Qiao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSilicosis is a progressive pneumoconiosis characterized by interstitial fibrosis following exposure to silica dust. The role of metabolic dysregulation in the pathogenesis of silicosis has not been investigated in detail. This study aimed to identify different metabolic features in the plasma of patients with silicosis and dust-exposed workers without silicosis in metabolomics studies.MethodsPatients with silicosis, dust-exposed workers (DEWs) without silicosis and age-matched healthy controls were recruited in a case-control study. The metabolomics analyses by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were conducted. Distinct metabolic features (DMFs) were identified in the pilot study and were validated in the validation study. The enriched signalling pathways of these DMFs were determined. The ability of DMFs to discriminate among the groups was analysed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The correlations between DMFs and clinical features were also explored.ResultsTwenty-nine DMFs and 9 DMFs were detected and had the same trend in the pilot study and the validation study in the plasma of the DEW and silicosis groups, respectively. Sphingolipid metabolism was the major metabolic pathway in the DEWs, and arginine and proline metabolism was associated with silicosis. Twenty DMFs in the DEWs and 3 DMFs in the patients with silicosis showed a discriminatory ability with ROC curve analysis. The abundance of kynurenine was higher in Stage III silicosis than in Stage I or Stage II silicosis. L-arginine and kynurenine were both negatively correlated with the percentage of forced vital capacity predicted in silicosis.ConclusionsMore distinct metabolic features were found in the plasma of DEWs than the patient of silicosis. Sphingolipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism were identified as the major metabolic pathway in the DEW and silicosis groups, respectively. L-arginine and kynurenine were correlated with the severity of silicosis.
Plasma Amino Acids and Oxylipins As Potential Multi-Biomarkers for Predicting Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Rhee Sang Youl , Jung Eun Sung , Suh Dong Ho , Jeong Su Jin , Kim Kiyoung , Chon Suk , Yu Seung-Young , Woo Jeong-Taek , Lee Choong Hwan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the pathophysiologic characteristics of diabetic complications, we identified differences in plasma metabolites in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with or without diabetic macular edema (DME) and a disease duration > 15 yrs.Subjects and Methods: An elderly cohort of T2DM patients with prolonged disease duration was established, and clinical information and biospecimens were collected following the guidelines of the National Biobank of Korea. DME phenotypes were identified by ophthalmologic specialists. For metabolomics studies, propensity matched case and control samples were selected. To discover multi-biomarkers in plasma, non-targeted metabolite profiling and oxylipin profiling in the discovery cohort were validated in an extended cohort.Results: From metabolomic studies, 5 amino acids (asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, cysteine, and lysine), 2 organic compounds (citric acid and uric acid) and 4 oxylipins (12-oxoETE, 15-oxoETE, 9-oxoODE, 20-carboxy leukotriene B4) were identified as candidate multi-biomarkers which can guide DME diagnosis among non-DME subjects. Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed high diagnostic value of the combined 5 amino acids and 2 organic compounds (AUC = 0.918), and of the 4 combined oxylipins (AUC = 0.957).Conclusions: Our study suggests that multi-biomarkers may be useful for predicting DME in elderly T2DM patients.
Macro- and Micro-Structural Cerebellar and Cortical Characteristics of Cognitive Empathy Towards Fictional Characters in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Picerni Eleonora , Laricchiuta Daniela , Piras Fabrizio , Vecchio Daniela , Petrosini Laura , Cutuli Debora , Spalletta Gianfranco 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Few investigations have analyzed the neuroanatomical substrate of empathic capacities in healthy subjects, and most of them have neglected the potential involvement of cerebellar structures. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between bilateral cerebellar macro- and micro-structural measures and levels of cognitive and affective trait empathy (measured by Interpersonal Reactivity Index, IRI) in a sample of 70 healthy subjects of both sexes. We also estimated morphometric variations of cerebral Gray Matter structures, to ascertain whether the potential empathy-related peculiarities in cerebellar areas were accompanied by structural differences in other cerebral regions. At macro-structural level, the volumetric differences were analyzed by Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM)- and Region of Interest (ROI)-based approaches, and at a micro-structural level, we analyzed Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data, focusing in particular on Mean Diffusivity and Fractional Anisotropy. Fantasy IRI-subscale was found to be positively associated with volumes in right cerebellar Crus 2 and pars triangularis of inferior frontal gyrus. The here described morphological variations of cerebellar Crus 2 and pars triangularis allow to extend the traditional cortico-centric view of cognitive empathy to the cerebellar regions and indicate that in empathizing with fictional characters the cerebellar and frontal areas are co-recruited.
Body Mass Index, Performance of Activities of Daily Living and Cognition: Analysis in Colombian and Korean Older Adults
Authors: Borda Miguel , Venegas Luis , Garcia-Cifuentes Elkin , Gomez Ronald , Cano-Gutierrez Carlos , Tovar-Rios Diego , Aarsland Vera , Khalifa Khadija , Jaramillo-Jimenez Alberto , Aarsland Dag , Soennesyn Hogne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: With this study, we aim to describe the associations of the different categories of the Body mass index (BMI) with ADL and cognitive performance in Colombian and South Korean older adults living in the community. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of two surveys were analyzed; Survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Colombia (SABE) (n= 23448) and Korean Longitudinal Study of aging (KLoSA) (n=4501). Participants older than 50 years were selected from rural and urban areas achieving a representative sample. Here we investigate the association between BMI categories with function, using zero-inflated negative binomial regression, and cognition, using a logistic regression model.Results: In Colombia, underweight was associated with an impaired score on the MMSE and worse performance in the IADL. Being overweight was associated with better scores on the MMSE and the IADL. For both outcomes education was highly influential. In Korea, after adjustments, there were no significant associations for any of the outcomes. Conclusions: In Colombian population, underweight, in particular, seems to be negative to preserve both cognitive and daily functioning. Additionally, being overweight but not obese was associated with less cognitive impartment and better daily functioning.
Relative sit-to-stand power: cut-off points and their association with negatives outcomes in older adults
Authors: Baltasar-Fernandez Ivan , Alcazar Julian , Mañas Asier , Alegre Luis , Alfaro-Acha Ana , Rodriguez-Mañas Leocadio , Ara Ignacio , García-García Francisco , Losa-Reyna José 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The purposes of this study were: i) to evaluate the association of sit-to-stand (STS) power and body composition parameters [body mass index (BMI) and legs skeletal muscle index (SMI)] with age; ii) to provide cut-off points for low relative STS power (STSrel), ii) to provide normative data for well-functioning older adults and iv) to assess the impact of low STSrel on negative outcomes.Methods: Cross-sectional design (1369 older adults). STS power parameters assessed by validated equations, BMI and Legs SMI assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were recorded. Sex- and age-adjusted segmented and logistic regression analyses and receiver operator characteristic curves were used.Results: Among men, STSrel showed a negative association with age up to the age of 85 years (‒1.2 to ‒1.4%year-1; p<0.05). In women, a negative association with age was observed throughout the old adult life (‒1.2 to ‒2.0%year-1; p<0.001). Cut-off values for low STSrel were 2.5 W∙kg-1 in men and 1.9 W∙kg-1 in women. Low STSrel was associated with frailty (OR[95%CI]= 5.6 [3.1, 10.1]) and low habitual gait speed (HGS) (OR[95%CI]= 2.7 [1.8, 3.9]) in men while low STSrel was associated with frailty (OR[95%CI]= 6.9 [4.5, 10.5]) low HGS (OR[95%CI]= 2.9 [2.0, 4.1]), disability in activities of daily living (OR[95%CI]= 2.1 [1.4, 3.2]), and low quality of life (OR[95%CI]= 1.7 [1.2, 2.4]) in women. Conclusions: STSrel declined with increasing age in both men and women. Due to the adverse outcomes related to STSrel, the reported cut-off points can be used as a clinical tool to identify this condition among older adults.
The effect of early treatment with ivermectin on viral load, symptoms and humoral response in patients with mild COVID-19: a pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Chaccour Carlos , Casellas Aina , Matteo Andres Blanco-Di , Pineda Iñigo , Fernandez-Montero Alejandro , Castillo Paula Ruiz , Richardson Mary-Ann , Mateos Mariano Rodriguez , Jordan-Iborra Carlota , Brew Joe , Carmona-Torre Francisco , Giraldez Miriam , Laso Ester , Dobaño Carlota , Moncunill Gemma , Yuste Jose R , Pozo Jose L Del , Rabinovich Regina , Schoening Verena , Hammann Felix , Reina Gabriel , Sadaba Belen , Fernandez-Alonso Miriam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro at concentrations not readily achievable with currently approved doses. There is limited evidence to support its clinical use in COVID-19 patients. We conducted a Pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine the efficacy of a single dose of ivermectin to reduce the proportion of PCR positives, viral load at day 7 post treatment.Consecutive patients with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and mild COVID-19 (no pneumonia) and no risk factors for complicated disease attending the emergency room of the Clínica Universidad de Navarra. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive ivermectin, 400 mcg/kg, single dose (n = 12) or placebo (n = 12). The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients with detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR from nasopharyngeal swab at day 7 post-treatment. The primary outcome was supported by determination of the viral load and infectivity of each sample. The differences between ivermectin and placebo were calculated using Fisher’s exact test and presented as a relative risk ratio.All patients recruited completed the trial (median age, 26 [range, 18-54] years; 12 [50%] women; 100% had symptoms at recruitment, 70% reported headache, 62% reported fever, 50% reported general malaise and 25% reported cough). At day 7, there was no difference in the proportion of PCR positive patients (RR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.77-1.09, p = 1.0). The ivermectin group had lower median viral loads at days 4 and 7 post treatment as well as lower median IgG titers at day 21 post treatment. Hyposmia/anosmia (76 vs 158 patient-days) and cough (68 vs 97 patient-days) were less frequent in the ivermectin group.Among patients with mild COVID-19 and no risk factors for severe disease receiving a single 400 mcg/kg dose of ivermectin within 48 hours of fever or cough onset there was no difference in the proportion of PCR positives. There was however a marked reduction of anosmia/hyposmia, a reduction of cough and a tendency to lower viral loads and lower IgG titers which warrants assessment in larger trials.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04390022 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04390022
Who Suffered Most After Deaths Due to COVID-19? Prevalence and Correlates of Prolonged Grief Disorder in COVID-19 Related Bereaved Adults
Authors: Tang Suqin , Xiang Zhendong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Deaths by COVID-19 have left behind nearly 12 million recent bereaved individuals worldwide and researchers have raised concerns that the circumstances of COVID-19 related deaths will lead to a rise prevalence of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) cases. However, to date, no studies have examined the prevalence of PGD among people bereaved due to COVID-19. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PGD and investigated demographic and loss-related factors associated with prolonged grief symptoms among Chinese individuals bereaved due to COVID-19.Methods: This was a cross-sectional online survey conducted between September 1 and October 3, 2020. A total of 422 Chinese participants (55.5% males; 32.73 [9.31] years old) who lost a close person due to COVID-19 participated in the study. Demographic and loss-related information was collected, and self-reported prolonged grief symptoms were measured by a 13-item International Prolonged Grief Disorder Scale (IPGDS: 1–65) and a 17-item Traumatic Grief Inventory Self Report (TGI-SR: 1–85). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors of levels of grief symptoms.Results: Prevalence of PGD was 37.8% screened by IPGDS and 39.9% by TGI-SR. No difference was found in levels of grief symptoms between participants whose close one died more than 6 months ago and those who experienced the loss less than 6 months ago. More severe prolonged grief symptoms was associated with losing a close person by COVID-19 rather than complications (B: 5.284; 95% CI: 0.521–10.047), losing a partner (B: 6.645; 95% CI: 2.547–10.743), child (B: 6.013; 95% CI: 0.128–11.899), parent (B: 5.554; 95% CI: 1.679–9.429), grandparent (B: 4.894; 95% CI: 0.690–0.097), feeling more traumatic about the loss (B: 1.574; 95% CI: 0.413–2.735), being closer to the deceased (B: 1.610; 95% CI: 0.368–2.851), and having more conflicts with the deceased (B: 0.743; 95% CI: -0.040–1.527).Conclusions: Echoing to researchers’ concerns, prevalence of PGD is high among people bereaved due to COVID-19. Individuals with higher risk of developing PGD should be identified and bereavement support should be offered as early as possible.
A Cross-sectional Study on the Impact of the Prevention and Control Response of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children's Orthopedic Trauma in Shanghai
Authors: Qian Chuang , Zheng Yiming , Meng Junrong , Li Hao , Wang Dahui 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The Chinese government has taken strong prevention and control measures against the COVID-19 pandemic, and has achieved phased victory in the fight against it. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to study the influence of governmental prevention and control response on orthopedic trauma in children.Methods: We collected and reviewed data on orthopedic trauma from the first half of 2018, 2019, and 2020. The data were divided according to the time of prevention and control response level in 2020. By comparing the relevant data from orthopedic emergency and operating rooms from the past three years, the influence of governmental pandemic prevention measures on orthopedic trauma in children was analyzed. Results: A total of 36301 children were included in the study cohort. Before the prevention and control response, the data of the orthopedic emergency department in 2020 was the same as the previous two years. Under the first-level response, the number of fractures, open injuries, radial head subluxation, and surgery were significantly reduced, and the severity of patients with surgery was also significantly reduced. Under the second-level response, the number of operations began to increase, and the severity of the disease also began to rise. Under the third-level response control, the number of fractures, open injuries, and operations have returned to the levels of the previous two years. The severity of the operation has also returned to its previous level. The number of subluxations of the radial head is still different from before.Conclusion: The pandemic of COVID-19 has affected the social activities of Shanghai residents and reduced the incidence of orthopedic trauma in children. With the control of the pandemic, the living conditions of Shanghai residents have basically recovered.Level of Evidence: Retrospective study Level II
Study of Laser Actions by Bird’s Feathers With Photonic Crystals
Authors: Chen Shih-Wen , Lu Jin-You , Tung Po-Han , Chiesa Matteo , Lin Ja-Hon , Hung Bing-Yi , Yang Thomas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Random lasers had been made by some biomaterials as light scattering materials, but natural photonic crystals have been rarely reported as scattering materials. Here we demonstrate the ability of natural photonic crystals to drive laser actions by sandwiched the feathers of the Turquoise-Fronted Amazon parrot and dye between two plastic films. Parrot feathers comprise abundant photonic crystals, and different color feathers compose of different ratios of the photonic crystal, which directly affect the feather reflectance. In this study, the multi-reflection scattering that occurred at the interface between the photonic crystal and gain media efficiently reduce the threshold; therefore, the more photonic crystal constitutes in the feathers; the lower threshold can be obtained. The random lasers can be easily made by the integration of bird feather photonic crystals and dye with a simple and sustainable manufacturing approach.