bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of childhood aplastic anemia following liver transplantation for nonviral hepatitis: A French survey
Authors: Delehaye Fanny , Habes Dalila , Dourthe Marie‐Emilie , Bertrand Yves , Michel Gerard , Gaudichon Jérémie , Debray Dominique , Nelken Brigitte , Pasquet Marlène , Blanche Stéphane , Leblanc Thierry 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis‐associated aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare syndrome combining acute hepatitis of variable severity and AA. Hepatitis may be severe enough to require urgent liver transplantation (LT). Herein, we describe clinical presentation and management of a cohort of pediatric patients diagnosed with AA after undergoing LT for nonviral hepatitis.MethodsTo describe this rare clinical situation, we performed a national survey and identified nine children treated for AA following LT during the last 10 years in France.ResultsAll patients were treated first for hepatic failure with urgent LT. AA was diagnosed with a median delay of 34 days [21‐200] from the diagnosis of hepatitis. Seven children were treated with antithymocyte globulin/cyclosporine, one with CSA alone and one received bone marrow transplantation. At the last visit (median follow‐up: 4 years), outcomes were excellent: all patients were alive and in hematological remission (complete remission: 7; partial remission: 2). Immunosuppressive therapy was pursued in all patients due to the liver transplant. No unusual toxicities were reported.ConclusionAA after LT is considered a therapeutic challenge. Nevertheless, hematological outcome is good using a standard immunosuppressive approach.
Experimental investigation into the fabrication of green body developed by micro‐extrusion‐based 3D printing process
Authors: Mishra Dipesh K. , Pandey Pulak M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the present work, a micro‐extrusion‐based three‐dimensional (3D) printing process has been used to fabricate a metal‐polymer‐based green body. The fabricated parts consisted of carbonyl iron particles with a binder (polylactic acid) and a solvent mixture. From the pilot experiments, it was found that the process parameters, namely, Fe loading, layer thickness,and infill density, affect the green density, shrinkage, and surface roughness of the fabricated part. Moreover, to develop a statistical model with significant factors, experiments were performed based on the design of the experiment using a central composite design method. The experimental results revealed that green density and surface roughness of 3D printed parts increased with the increase in Fe loading and infill density. On the contrary, the shrinkage in the fabricated part decreased with an increase in Fe loading and increased with the rise in infill density. Further, with an increase in layer thickness, the green density decreased while shrinkage and roughness were observed to increase. To verify the accuracy of the developed model, confirmation experiments were also performed at the optimum set of process parameters obtained by the genetic algorithm optimization technique.
Effects of the addition of ultrasound‐pulsed gelatin to chitosan on physicochemical and antioxidant properties of casting films
Authors: Cuevas‐Acuña Dulce Alondra , Ruiz‐Cruz Saul , Arias‐Moscoso Joe Luis , Lopez‐Mata Marco Antonio , Zamudio‐Flores Paul Baruk , Burruel‐Ibarra Silvia Elena , del Carmen Santacruz‐Ortega Hisila 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the performance of chitosan based films with added, high‐intensity ultrasound‐pulsed, gelatins (42, 52, 71 and 84 W cm−2). The mechanical, structural, chemical and antioxidant properties were investigated, to evaluate the potential of ultrasound as a technique to improve film properties. The tensile strength and elastic modulus of films containing ultrasound‐pulsed gelatins showed a significant increase, while the elongation parameter showed a significant decrease. Micrographs showed that all films presented agglomerations. The infrared spectra of the films displayed characteristic shifts in the chitosan and gelatin spectra, which may be the result of hydrogen bridge interactions and electrostatic interactions between the two polymers. The antioxidant capacity was analyzed through the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and the 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay of films and showed that gelatins treated with higher acoustic intensity had improved antioxidant capacity. High‐intensity ultrasound‐treated gelatin enhanced the strength, elasticity and antioxidant properties of the chitosan based films. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Factorial design optimization of polystyrene microspheres obtained by aqueous dispersion polymerization in the presence of poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) reactive stabilizer
Authors: Iordache Tanta‐Verona , Banu Nicoleta D , Giol Elena D , Vuluga Dumitru M , Jerca Florica A , Jerca Valentin V 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present study highlights the use of statistical design to establish an effective model for the synthesis of polystyrene microspheres by aqueous dispersion polymerization using poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) reactive stabilizer. The significant parameters (e.g. solvent polarity, stabilizer and initiator concentration) influencing the characteristic responses of the process such as yield, particle size and size distribution, as well as the interactions between the variables, were identified. The macromonomer concentration and solvent polarity influence both particle size and size distribution, whereas initiator concentration influences the yield. Analysis of the variance of process variables indicates that the models can be successfully used to describe the dispersion polymerization process. Moreover, the factorial design allows the development of microspheres with optimal properties with respect to size and size distribution. The experimental data regarding yield, particle size and size distribution of the optimized dispersion polymerization shows less than 7% difference compared with the predicted responses. In view of these results, the implementation of statistical design models represents an efficient solution for optimizing microparticle synthesis while aiming for industrial applications. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessment in deaf education: Perspectives and experiences linking it all together
Authors: Neild Raschelle , Diane Clark M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article serves as an overview and introduction to the topics within the Special Issue: Deaf Education Assessment. This issue strives to establish the recognition of the importance of continued dialogue among stakeholders to support the diverse needs of Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students as it relates to assessments. The articles recognize that academic success in all areas and performance on assessments is related to many complex factors and variables. These are significant factors that influence the assessments of DHH and how those involved in the assessment process need to consider each of the factors. Deaf students are assessed for various reasons and numerous individuals look at the results to determine success, progress, additional disabilities, or interests.
Nitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization of methacryloisobutyl POSS and its block copolymers with poly(n‐acryloylmorpholine)
Authors: Ullah Asad , Shah Syed M. , Hassan Abbas , Maric Milan , Hussain Hazrat 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTNitroxide‐mediated radical polymerization (NMP) of the bulky methacryloisobutyl‐polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS‐MA) is successfully achieved after optimizing reaction conditions such as selection of controlling comonomer, comonomer feed molar ratio, and temperature (10 mol % styrene (S) comonomer at 110 °C using the commercially available BlocBuilder as the NMP initiator). The P(POSS‐MA‐co‐S) with a molecular weight of ~8000 g/mol and dispersity Ð–1.2 is afforded under the optimized reaction conditions. The chain‐end fidelity is verified by chain extension experiments with N‐acryloyl morpholine (ACM) via NMP that produces well‐defined amphiphilic hybrid P(POSS‐MA‐co‐S)‐b‐P(ACM)x block copolymers, where the subscript “x” represents the degree of polymerization of (ACM) block (182 < x < 695). The size exclusion chromatography (SEC) of the as‐synthesized samples reveals the presence of some dead P(POSS‐MA‐co‐S) chains that could be removed by a simple purification step. Kinetic investigations reveal a first‐order kinetics for the polymerization of ACM using P(POSS‐MA‐co‐S) as the macroinitiator under NMP conditions. The kinetic and SEC data confirms the controlled nature of the NMP of ACM. Being amphiphilic, the formed P(POSS‐MA‐co‐S)‐b‐P(ACM)x block copolymers self‐assembled in aqueous solution as revealed by the fluorescence spectroscopy experiments with pyrene as the probe for determination of the critical micelle concentration and dynamic light scattering studies. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 428–437
Structures of glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis
Authors: Barrett Kayleigh F. , Dranow David M. , Phan Isabelle Q. , Michaels Samantha A. , Shaheen Shareef , Navaluna Edelmar D. , Craig Justin K. , Tillery Logan M. , Choi Ryan , Edwards Thomas E. , Conrady Deborah G. , Abendroth Jan , Horanyi Peter S. , Lorimer Donald D. , Van Voorhis Wesley C. , Zhang Zhongsheng , Barrett Lynn K. , Subramanian Sandhya , Staker Bart , Fan Erkang , Myler Peter J. , Soge Olusegun O. , Hybiske Kevin , Ojo Kayode K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNeisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) are the most commonly reported sexually transmitted bacteria worldwide and usually present as co‐infections. Increasing resistance of Ng to currently recommended dual therapy of azithromycin and ceftriaxone presents therapeutic challenges for syndromic management of Ng‐Ct co‐infections. Development of a safe, effective, and inexpensive dual therapy for Ng‐Ct co‐infections is an effective strategy for the global control and prevention of these two most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infections. Glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a validated drug target with two approved drugs for indications other than antibacterials. Nonetheless, any new drugs targeting GAPDH in Ng and Ct must be specific inhibitors of bacterial GAPDH that do not inhibit human GAPDH, and structural information of Ng and Ct GAPDH will aid in finding such selective inhibitors. Here, we report the X‐ray crystal structures of Ng and Ct GAPDH. Analysis of the structures demonstrates significant differences in amino acid residues in the active sites of human GAPDH from those of the two bacterial enzymes suggesting design of compounds to selectively inhibit Ng and Ct is possible. We also describe an efficient in vitro assay of recombinant GAPDH enzyme activity amenable to high‐throughput drug screening to aid in identifying inhibitory compounds and begin to address selectivity.
Toward a structome of Acinetobacter baumannii drug targets
Authors: Tillery Logan M. , Barrett Kayleigh F. , Dranow David M. , Craig Justin , Shek Roger , Chun Ian , Barrett Lynn K. , Phan Isabelle Q. , Subramanian Sandhya , Abendroth Jan , Lorimer Donald D. , Edwards Thomas E. , Van Voorhis Wesley C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii is well known for causing hospital‐associated infections due in part to its intrinsic antibiotic resistance as well as its ability to remain viable on surfaces and resist cleaning agents. In a previous publication, A. baumannii strain AB5075 was studied by transposon mutagenesis and 438 essential gene candidates for growth on rich‐medium were identified. The Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease entered 342 of these candidate essential genes into our pipeline for structure determination, in which 306 were successfully cloned into expression vectors, 192 were detectably expressed, 165 screened as soluble, 121 were purified, 52 crystalized, 30 provided diffraction data, and 29 structures were deposited in the Protein Data Bank. Here, we report these structures, compare them with human orthologs where applicable, and discuss their potential as drug targets for antibiotic development against A. baumannii.
Systemic treatment for metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer: Does seqence matter?
Authors: Andrews Jack R. , Ahmed Mohamed E. , Karnes R. Jeffrey , Kwon Eugene , Bryce Alan H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundOptimal sequencing of systemic therapy in the management for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains poorly elucidated. The CHAARTED and STAMPEDE studies have proven that early chemotherapy in the hormone‐sensitive setting yields a greater net survival advantage than docetaxel for mCRPC. In a retrospective study, we attempt to investigate the two most common treatment sequences for mCRPC and investigate whether earlier chemotherapy for mCRPC is consequential to survival outcomes.MethodsWe identified 112 patients with mCRPC treated at the Mayo Clinic between 2011 and 2017. We identified two cohorts, 80 patients (group A) received full course docetaxel chemotherapy followed by second generation hormone therapy (2nd gen androgen deprivation therapy [ADT]; Abiraterone or Enzalutamide) and 32 patients (group B) treated with 2nd gen ADT followed by docetaxel. The primary endpoint evaluated was 3‐year cancer‐specific survival.ResultsMean prostate specific antigen at initiation of first treatment was 32.0 in group A and 21.7 in group B (P = .4). Bone metastases were more prevalent in group B (87% vs 58%, P = .01). All other clinicopathologic variables were statistically similar between group A and group B. Three‐year cancer‐specific survival was 87.4% vs 64.1% for group A and group B, respectively (P = .016). We report a univariate hazard ratio of 3.61 (95% CI, 1.74‐9.5, 0 P = .01). Three‐year overall survival was 82.4% and 60.8% for group A and group B, P = .01. These results held true when excluding patients with lymph node only metastasi.ConclusionOur data indicates that sequence of systemic therapy may influence outcomes for mCRPC and that docetaxel should be considered before 2nd generation ADT. Our results support the importance of earlier chemotherapy in the castration resistant state.
Predator density modifies mosquito regulation in increasingly complex environments
Authors: Buxton Mmabaledi , Cuthbert Ross N , Dalu Tatenda , Nyamukondiwa Casper , Wasserman Ryan J 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPredation plays a pivotal role in the composition and functioning of ecosystems. Both habitat complexity and predator density are important contexts which may determine the strength of trophic and non‐trophic interactions. In aquatic systems, the efficacy of natural enemies in regulating vector pest species could be modified by such context dependencies. Here, we use a functional response (FR) approach to experimentally quantify conspecific multiple predator effects across a habitat complexity gradient of two notonectids, Anisops sardea and Enithares chinai, towards larvae of the vector mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens.RESULTSE. chinai exhibited significantly greater consumption rates than A. sardea across habitat complexities, both as individuals and conspecific pairs. Each predator type displayed Type II FRs across experimental treatments, with synergistic multiple predator effects (i.e. prey risk enhancement) displayed in the absence of habitat complexity. Effects of increasing habitat complexity modified multiple predator effects differentially between species given behavioral differences, with habitat complexity causing significant antagonism (i.e. prey risk reduction) with multiple A. sardea compared to E. chinai.CONCLUSIONHabitat complexity effects on multiple predator interactions can manifest differently at the species level, suggesting emergent effects which complicate predictions of natural enemy impact in heterogenous environments. Considerations of density, diversity and habitat effects on efficacies of natural enemies should thus be considered by pest management practitioners to better explain biocontrol efficacies in increasingly diverse environments. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
On evaluating how well a biomarker can predict treatment response with survival data
Authors: Mboup Bassirou , Blanche Paul , Latouche Aurélien 
Published: January 2020

SummaryOne of the objectives of personalized medicine is to take treatment decisions based on a biomarker measurement. Therefore, it is often interesting to evaluate how well a biomarker can predict the response to a treatment. To do so, a popular methodology consists of using a regression model and testing for an interaction between treatment assignment and biomarker. However, the existence of an interaction is not sufficient for a biomarker to be predictive. It is only necessary. Hence, the use of the marker‐by‐treatment predictiveness curve has been recommended. In addition to evaluate how well a single continuous biomarker predicts treatment response, it can further help to define an optimal threshold. This curve displays the risk of a binary outcome as a function of the quantiles of the biomarker, for each treatment group. Methods that assume a binary outcome or rely on a proportional hazard model for a time‐to‐event outcome have been proposed to estimate this curve. In this work, we propose some extensions for censored data. They rely on a time‐dependent logistic model, and we propose to estimate this model via inverse probability of censoring weighting. We present simulations results and three applications to prostate cancer, liver cirrhosis, and lung cancer data. They suggest that a large number of events need to be observed to define a threshold with sufficient accuracy for clinical usefulness. They also illustrate that when the treatment effect varies with the time horizon which defines the outcome, then the optimal threshold also depends on this time horizon.
Nutrient budgets in the Saigon–Dongnai River basin: Past to future inputs from the developing Ho Chi Minh megacity (Vietnam)
Authors: Nguyen Tuyet T.N. , Némery Julien , Gratiot Nicolas , Garnier Josette , Strady Emilie , Nguyen Dan P. , Tran Viet Q. , Nguyen An T. , Cao Son Tung , Huynh Trang P.T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHo Chi Minh City (HCMC, Vietnam) is one of the fastest growing megacities in the world. In this paper, we attempt to analyse the dynamics of nutrients, suspended sediments, and water discharges in its aquatic systems today and in the future. The work is based on nine sampling sites along the Saigon River and one on the Dongnai River to identify the reference water status upstream from the urban area and the increase in fluxes that occur within the city and its surroundings. For the first time, the calculated fluxes allow drawing up sediment and nutrient budgets at the basin scale and the quantification of total nutrient loading to the estuarine and coastal zones (2012–2016 period). Based on both national Vietnamese and supplementary monitoring programs, we estimated the water, total suspended sediment, and nutrients (Total N, Total P, and dissolved silica: DSi) fluxes at 137 m3 year−1, 3,292 × 103 tonSS year−1, 5,323 tonN year−1, 450 tonP year−1, and 2,734 tonSi year−1 for the Saigon River and 1,693 m3 year−1, 1,175 × 103 tonSS year−1, 31,030 tonN year−1, 1,653 tonP year−1, and 31,138 tonSi year−1 for the Dongnai River, respectively. Nutrient fluxes provide an indicator of coastal eutrophication potential (indicator of coastal eutrophication potential), using nutrient stoichiometry ratios. Despite an excess of nitrogen and phosphorus over silica, estuarine waters downstream of the megacity are not heavily impacted by HCMC. Finally, we analysed scenarios of future trends (2025–2050) for the nutrient inputs on the basis of expected population growth in HCMC and improvement of wastewater treatment capacity. We observed that without the construction of a large number of additional wastewater treatment plants, the eutrophication problem is likely to worsen. The results are discussed in the context of the wastewater management policy.
Cl⋅⋅⋅Cl Halogen Bonding: Nature and Effect of Substituent at Electron Donor Cl atom
Authors: Sutradhar Dipankar , Chandra Asit K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHalogen‐halogen bonding plays a vital role in crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry. The Cl⋅⋅⋅Cl halogen bonding is studied here between R−Cl and ClF molecules using high level quantum chemical methods to find the nature and role of the substituent on the strength of this bond. A wide range of R moieties, like R=Cl, F, CH3, C2H5, C3H7, (CH3)3, H2F, CHF2, CF3, NH2, N(CH3)2, NHF and NF2, are chosen to find the effect of the substituent. The binding energies are found to range between −2.28 and −13.73 kJ mol−1 at the CCSD(T)/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level. The binding energy correlates with the negative electrostatic potential on the Cl atom and IP value of the R−Cl molecules, but it depends upon the nature of R−Cl bond. The electron density [ρ(rc)] at the bond critical point (BCP) is found to be a good parameter to assess the strength of the interaction. The decomposition of interaction energy by using Symmetry Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) reveals that dispersion force is also important in stabilizing the complexes. Several important correlations between the strength of Cl⋅⋅⋅Cl interaction and molecular properties of R−Cl are established.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ni(II)/Zn(II) Metal Complexes Derived from Schiff Base and Ortho‐Phenylenediamine: In vitro DNA Binding, Molecular Modeling and RBC Hemolysis
Authors: Aazam Elham S. , Zaki Mehvash 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis and characterization of [Ni(L)(o–phenyl)]Cl (1) and [Zn(L)(o–phenyl)]Cl (2) new metal complexes derived from Schiff base ligand of 2–ethoxy–6–((pyrazin–2–ylimino)methyl)phenol (L) and ortho‐phenylenediamine. The biophysical studies of ligand and complexes 1 and 2 have been investigated with CT DNA and experimental outcomes show that both the complexes exhibited higher binding propensity towards DNA as compared to ligand L. Furthermore, molecular docking studies confirmed that both the complexes preferentially bind in the minor groove of DNA. Moreover, 1 trigger the condensation of CT–DNA into compact globules and rod‐shaped morphology revealing electrostatic and intermolecular π–π interactions of ligand moiety present in the DNA–bound complexes. Interestingly, 1 does not produce much hemolysis even at higher concentration of 100 μM. The work is expected to encourage the development of a newer metal complex whose ultimate target is DNA.
Carbon Dots Synthesized and its Applications in the Detection of Chlortetracycline and Water Based on the Aggregation‐Induced Emission
Authors: Li Rong , Hou Xinyan , Yuan Min , Long Yunfei , Chen Shu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent years, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted widespread attention for their unique structure and excellent optical properties. In this study, orange‐red emission CDs were prepared using the one‐pot solvothermal carbonization method in ethanol medium. The fluorescence of the CDs was enhanced significantly in the presence of chlortetracycline (CTC), which was accompanied by the blue shift of emission wavelength in ethanol medium, and the enhancement of fluorescence intensity was proportional to CTC concentration in the range of 1.00×10−8 to 5.00×10−6 mol/L with the detection limit of 3.30 nmol/L. As revealed by the mechanism study, the enhanced fluorescence of the CDs by CTC was attributed to the aggregation‐induced emission (AIE). Besides, the AIE effect on the mixture of CDs and CTC was down‐regulated significantly in the presence of water, while the down‐regulated fluorescence intensity was proportional to water concentration in the range between 2.21×10−4 and 1.35×10−3 mol/L with the detection limit of 3.29×10−5 mol/L. Based on the above‐mentioned fact, a simple method for dual response to CTC and trace water was developed, and it exhibited excellent sensitivity and selectivity.