bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análise de conforto urbano do marco das Três Fronteiras em Foz Do Iguaçu-PR
Authors: Sacht Helenice Maria , Mata-Lima Herlander , Cardoso Andréa de Oliveira , Castaño Delgado Jair Stivenz 
Published: July 2020

O desenho urbano bioclimático aborda, desde sua concepção, o clima como uma variável importante, sendo a análise climática um instrumento imprescindível para intervenções urbanas. A pesquisa realizada tem como objetivo a caracterização de estratégias bioclimáticas para projetos urbanos em Foz do Iguaçu, tendo como base a caracterização climática do local, o levantamento das diretrizes e soluções condizentes com o clima. Analisaram-se estratégias bioclimáticas tendo como referência os documentos normativos nacionais e ferramentas específicas de análise urbana. Como aplicação, realizou-se um estudo de caso no Marco das Três Fronteiras aplicando as diretrizes adequadas ao clima com subsídio de um diagnóstico baseado em condições de temperatura e umidade. A pesquisa permitiu estabelecer parâmetros de conforto térmico e estratégias bioclimáticas para projetos urbanísticos adequados ao clima de Foz do Iguaçu-PR, clima ainda não estudado nesse aspecto.
El disseny urbà bioclimàtic s’aproxima, des de la seva concepció, al clima com a variable important, essent l’anàlisi climàtica un instrument essencial per a les intervencions urbanes. La investigació realitzada té com a objectiu caracteritzar estratègies bioclimàtiques per a projectes urbans de Foz do Iguaçu, basats en la caracterització climàtica del lloc, enquesta de pautes i solucions coherents amb el clima. Es van analitzar estratègies bioclimàtiques en referència a documents normatius nacionals i eines específiques per a l’anàlisi urbana. Com a sol·licitud, es va realitzar un estudi de cas a Marco das Três Fronteiras aplicant les directrius climàtiques adequades amb subvenció per a un diagnòstic basat en les condicions de temperatura i humitat. La investigació va permetre establir paràmetres de confort tèrmic i estratègies bioclimàtiques per a projectes urbans adequats al clima de Foz do Iguaçu-PR, un clima que encara no s'ha estudiat al respecte.
The concept of bioclimatic urban design addresses the micro-climate as an important variable so that climate analysis is an essential tool in the implementation study of urban intervention projects. Therefore, this research project aims to survey and characterize bioclimatic strategies for urban projects in Foz do Iguaçu, based on local climatic characterization and, guidelines set according to climate conditions. Bioclimatic strategies were analyzed based on the national norms and specific tools of urban analysis. A case study was carried out in the Marco das Três Fronteiras applying the appropriate climate guidelines with a diagnosis based on temperature and humidity conditions. At the end of the research thermal comfort parameters and bioclimatic strategies suitable with urban projects suitable were established for the climate of Foz do Iguaçu-PR, climate not yet studied in this respect.
Patient‐specific dose quality assurance of single‐isocenter multiple brain metastasis stereotactic radiosurgery using PTW Octavius 4D
Authors: McCulloch James , Pawlowski Jamie , Kirby Neil , Rasmussen Karl , Shi Zheng , Myers Pamela , Stathakis Sotirios , Papanikolaou Niko , Saenz Daniel L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeSingle‐isocenter multiple brain metastasis stereotactic radiosurgery is an efficient treatment modality increasing in clinical practice. The need to provide accurate, patient‐specific quality assurance (QA) for these plans is met by several options. This study reviews some of these options and explores the use of the Octavius 4D as a solution for patient‐specific plan quality assurance.MethodsThe Octavius 4D Modular Phantom (O4D) with the 1000 SRS array was evaluated in this study. The array consists of 977 liquid‐filled ion chambers. The center 5.5 cm × 5.5 cm area has a detector spacing of 2.5 mm. The ability of the O4D to reconstruct three‐dimensional (3D) dose was validated against a 3D gel dosimeter, ion chamber, and film measurements. After validation, 15 patients with 2–11 targets had their plans delivered to the phantom. The criteria used for the gamma calculation was 3%/1 mm. The portion of targets which were measurable by the phantom was countable. The accompanying software compiled the measured doses allowing each target to be counted from the measured dose distribution.ResultsSpatial resolution was sufficient to verify the high dose distributions characteristic of SRS. Amongst the 15 patients there were 74 targets. Of the 74 targets, 61 (82%) of them were visible on the measured dose distribution. The average gamma passing rate was 99.3% (with sample standard deviation of 0.68%).ConclusionsThe high resolution provided by the O4D with 1000 SRS board insert allows for very high‐resolution measurement. This high resolution in turn can allow for high gamma passing rates. The O4D with the 1000 SRS array is an acceptable method of performing quality assurance for single‐isocenter multiple brain metastasis SRS.
Controller parameter tuning of a single machine infinite bus system with static synchronous compensator using antlion optimization algorithm for the power system stability improvement
Authors: Devarapalli Ramesh , Bhattacharyya Biplab , Saw Jitendra Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe improvement of power system stability by damping oscillations in the system states is presented in this paper. An antlion optimization (ALO) algorithm is adopted to tune the damping device controller parameters. The ALO algorithm performance is investigated on the benchmark functions, and the same has been compared with the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The statistical analysis on the fitness achieved with the considered algorithms has been demonstrated using best, worst, mean, and SD values on the benchmark functions over 30 individual runs. Here power system stabilizer (PSS) and static synchronous compensator are considered as oscillation damping devices in the test power network. The analysis has been carried out in a sample power system network, and the proposed technique is compared with the conventional PSS and PSO. The results obtained from the designed test system recommends the superior performance characteristics of ALO in applying to the practical power system.
Current status and trend of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for colon cancer
Authors: Matsuda Takeru , Yamashita Kimihiro , Hasegawa Hiroshi , Utsumi Masako , Kakeji Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLaparoscopic right hemicolectomy (LRH) is utilized worldwide as one of the standard surgical treatments for right‐sided colon cancer. However, there have been issues concerning its applicability, techniques, and trend. The present study aimed to elucidate the current status and trend of LRH by reviewing literature focusing on important issues associated with this surgery. Based on previous studies, LRH most likely provides better short‐term outcomes and similar oncological outcomes compared to open surgery. Despite the increasing use of robotic approach in this surgery, it seems to have always been associated with longer operative times and greater hospital cost with limited advantage. Intracorporeal anastomosis seems to improve short‐term outcomes, such as quicker recovery of bowel function, compared to extracorporeal anastomosis. However, it does not contribute to shorter hospital stay. With regard to dissection technique, various approaches, and landmarks have been advocated to overcome the technical difficulty in LRH. This difficulty is likely to be caused by anatomical variation, especially in venous structures. The superiority of one approach or landmark over another is still argued about due to the lack of large‐scale prospective studies. However, deep understanding both of anatomical variation and characteristics of each approach would be of extreme importance to minimize adverse effects and maximize patient benefit after LRH.
An approach for predicting intracrystalline diffusivities and adsorption entropies in nanoporous crystalline materials
Authors: Gao Mingbin , Li Hua , Ye Mao , Liu Zhongmin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConfinement of molecules in nanoporous crystalline materials results in the unique and diverse characteristics of intracrystalline diffusion and adsorption, which can significantly affect the efficiency of gas separation and/or catalysis. However, understanding the interplay between confinement and intracrystalline diffusion and adsorption remains elusive at the quantitative level. In this work, it is found that the intracrystalline diffusion could be related to the hopping rate, which might be further connected to the translational and rotational motion of molecules and quantified by corresponding partition functions. Based on this analysis, the correlations capable of predicting the intracrystalline diffusivity and the adsorption entropy are developed. It is shown that the correlations can well capture the experimental and simulation results of more than 20 frameworks, including zeolites and MOFs, for a wide range of guest molecules. This approach can potentially serve as rapid screening tool for nanoporous crystalline materials in gas separation and catalysis.
Muscle structural, energetic and functional benefits of endurance exercise training in sickle cell disease
Authors: Merlet Angèle N. , Féasson Léonard , Bartolucci Pablo , Hourdé Christophe , Schwalm Céline , Gellen Barnabas , Galactéros Frédéric , Deldicque Louise , Francaux Marc , Messonnier Laurent A. ,   EXDRE Collaborative Study Group
Published: July 2020

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) patients display skeletal muscle hypotrophy, altered oxidative capacity, exercise intolerance and poor quality of life. We previously demonstrated that moderate‐intensity endurance training is beneficial for improving muscle function and quality of life of patients. The present study evaluated the effects of this moderate‐intensity endurance training program on skeletal muscle structural and metabolic properties. Of the 40 randomized SCD patients, complete data sets were obtained from 33. The training group (n = 15) followed a personalized moderate‐intensity endurance training program, while the non‐training (n = 18) group maintained a normal lifestyle. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle and submaximal incremental cycling tests were performed before and after the training program. Endurance training increased type I muscle fiber surface area (P = .038), oxidative enzyme activity [citrate synthase, P < .001; β‐hydroxyacyl‐CoA dehydrogenase, P = .009; type‐I fiber cytochrome c oxidase, P = .042; respiratory chain complex IV, P = .017] and contents of respiratory chain complexes I (P = .049), III (P = .005), IV (P = .003) and V (P = .002). Respiratory frequency, respiratory exchange ratio, blood lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion were all lower at a given submaximal power output after training vs non‐training group (all P < .05). The muscle content of proteins involved in glucose transport and pH regulation were unchanged in the training group relative to the non‐training group. The moderate‐intensity endurance exercise program improved exercise capacity and muscle structural and oxidative properties. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02571088.
Individual red blood cell fetal hemoglobin quantification allows to determine protective thresholds in sickle cell disease
Authors: Hebert Nicolas , Rakotoson Marie Georgine , Bodivit Gwellaouen , Audureau Etienne , Bencheikh Laura , Kiger Laurent , Oubaya Nadia , Pakdaman Sadaf , Sakka Mehdi , Di Liberto Gaetana , Chadebech Philippe , Vingert Benoit , Pirenne France , Galactéros Frédéric , Cambot Marie , Bartolucci Pablo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolymerization of the sickle hemoglobin (HbS) is a key determinant of sickle cell disease (SCD), an inherited blood disorder. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is a major modulator of the disease severity by both decreasing HbS intracellular concentration and inhibiting its polymerization. However, heterocellular distribution of HbF is common in SCD. For HbS polymerization inhibition, the hypothesis of an “HbF per red blood cell (HbF/RBC) threshold” requires accurate measurement of HbF in individual RBC. To date, HbF detection methods are limited to a qualitative measurement of RBC populations containing HbF ‐ the F cells, which are variable. We developed an accurate method for HbF quantification in individual RBC. A linear association between mean HbF content and mean RBC fluorescence by flow cytometry, using an anti‐Human‐HbF antibody, was obtained from non‐SCD subjects presenting homogeneous HbF distribution. This correlation was then used to measure HbF/RBC. Hydroxyurea (HU) improves SCD clinical manifestations, mainly through its ability to induce HbF synthesis. The HbF distribution was analyzed in 14 SCD patients before and during HU treatment. A significant decrease in RBC population containing less than 2 pg of HbF/RBC was observed. Therefore, we tested associations for %RBC above different HbF/RBC thresholds and showed a decrease in the pathognomonic vaso‐occlusive crisis incidence from the threshold of 4 pg. This quantity was also correlated with the level of sickle RBC after in vitro deoxygenation. This new method allows the comparison of HbF/RBC distributions and could be a useful tool to characterize baseline patients HbF distribution and therapeutic response to HbF inducers.
Doing biocultural anthropology: Continuity and change
Authors: Hoke Morgan K. , Schell Lawrence M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBiocultural anthropology has long represented an important approach in the study of human biology. However, despite demonstrated utility, its somewhat amorphous identity leaves some scholars questioning just what it means to be biocultural. In this article, rather than providing proscriptive doctrine, we contribute to these conversations about the nature of biocultural anthropology by considering what biocultural research does. We begin with a consideration of some of the foundational themes of biocultural work including recognition of the dialectical nature of sociocultural and biological forces, interest in inequality, and incorporation of both evolutionary and political economic perspectives. To emphasize the consistency of biocultural work over time, we also trace these themes from originating work to their appearance in current research. We then identify some of the key actions of the biocultural approach, noting that biocultural work can execute any number though rarely all of these actions simultaneously. We then offer brief introductions to the articles that make up this special issue, highlighting the ways in which each piece undertakes key biocultural actions. Following these introductions, we provide a discussion of some of the types of biocultural work that are not present in this special issue, recognizing the breadth of biocultural research across multiple subfields of anthropology. Finally, we point to some potentially fruitful directions for future biocultural research. In the end, we conclude that while biocultural anthropology may not have a cohesive or set agenda, it does have a clear and recognizable form of content and methodology illuminated by its actions.
Skeletal muscle size distribution in large‐sized male and female athletes
Authors: Abe Takashi , Bell Zachary W. , Wong Vickie , Spitz Robert W. , Yamada Yujiro , Song Jun Seob , Loenneke Jeremy P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn healthy adults, it is generally accepted that women have less upper body muscle mass compared to men. However, it is unknown whether there are sex differences in skeletal muscle distribution in highly trained large‐sized athletes. Our aim was to compare the skeletal muscle size distribution between large‐sized male and female athletes.MethodsTen female athletes (>80 kg body mass) and twenty‐one male athletes (>100 kg body mass) had muscle thickness (MT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness measured by ultrasound at nine sites on the anterior and posterior aspects of the body. Total muscle mass (SM) was estimated from an ultrasound‐derived prediction equation. Body fat percentage and fat‐free mass were calculated from ultrasound measured subcutaneous fat thickness.ResultsThe average SM in female athletes (30.0 kg) was approximately 70% of the mean value of the male athletes (45.3 kg).With respect to MT, the relative values of femaleto male athletes were 68% to 78% in the upper body and 85% to 92% in the lower body. Similar results were observed when analyzing data for male and female athletes (n = 5 each) who were pair matched for height.ConclusionThe relative values of MT for female/male athletes were higher in the lower body compared to the upper body. This is similar to that observed in healthy non‐athletes indicating that this difference is not due to resistance training. The lower muscle mass in the arms and trunk of females appears to be a true sex difference but the cause of this difference is unknown.
Complete blood count differences in a cohort of Down syndrome neonates with transient abnormal myelopoiesis screened for GATA1 pathogenic variants
Authors: Orozco‐Vela Mireya , Corona‐Rivera Alfredo , Cruz‐Osorio Rosa Margarita , Mendoza‐Maldonado Lucero , Márquez‐Mora Aurea , Barba‐Barba César Cenobio , Peña‐Padilla Christian , Baldomero‐López Alejandra , Bobadilla‐Morales Lucina , Corona‐Rivera Jorge Román 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTransient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) raises the risk for acute myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome (DS) (ML‐DS), and both are related to GATA1 pathogenic variants. Here, we analyzed which findings on complete blood count (CBC) are associated with TAM in a cohort of neonates with DS screened for GATA1 pathogenic variants. The CBCs were compared among 70 newborns with DS, including 16 patients (22.9%) with TAM (cases), and 54 patients (77.1%) without TAM (controls). TAM was defined as peripheral circulating blasts (PCBs) ≥ 1%. PCR and direct sequencing were used to screen DNA samples from peripheral blood for GATA1 exon 2 mutations. Multivariate logistic regression analyses determined that the mean count of lymphocytes was significantly higher in DS infants with TAM (p = .035) and that lymphocytosis confers a risk for TAM (adjusted odds ratio = 7.23, 95% confidence intervals: 2.02–25.92). Pathogenic variants of GATA1 were identified in 2 of 70 analyzed DS neonates (2.9%), of which one had ML‐DS and another had an asymptomatic TAM. Among those DS infants with TAM, the GATA1 pathogenic variant detection was 12.5%. Our results indicated that lymphocytosis is associated with TAM in neonates with DS. However, since not all infants with an abnormal CBC had TAM, and not all infants with TAM had GATA1 pathogenic variants, we emphasize that only the search for GATA1 pathogenic variants allows the proper identification of the subgroup of DS infants with a real increasing in risk for ML‐DS.
A Direct Mapping Approach to Understand Carrier Relaxation Dynamics in Varied Regions of a Polycrystalline Perovskite Film
Authors: Fathi Amir , Jokar Efat , Lee Yuan‐Pern , Diau Eric Wei‐Guang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe developed a direct mapping approach to overlay the image of a polycrystalline perovskite film obtained from the transient absorption microscope (TAM) with that from the scanning electron microscope (SEM). By mapping these imaging data pixel by pixel, we are able to observe the relaxation dynamics of the photo‐generated charge carriers on varied regions of the film. The carrier relaxation dynamics contain a dominated single‐exponential decay component owing to the recombination of charge carriers. The lifetime distribution of charge recombination shows a bimodal feature, for which the rapid and slow distributions are assigned as free and trapped carriers, respectively. The charge recombination was slower in the grain boundary (GB) region than in the grain interior (GI) region. The small grains have longer lifetimes than the large grains for the crystal size smaller than 500 nm. Therefore, GB with retarded charge recombination might play a positive role in a perovskite solar cell.
Experimental investigation and optimization of printing parameters of3Dprinted polyphenylene sulfide through response surface methodology
Authors: El Magri Anouar , El Mabrouk Khalil , Vaudreuil Sébastien , Ebn Touhami Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractToday fused filament fabrication is one of the most widely used additive manufacturing techniques to manufacture high performance materials. This method entails a complexity associated with the selection of their appropriate manufacturing parameters. Due to the potential to replace poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone in many engineering components, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) was selected in this study as a base material for 3D printing. Using central composite design and response surface methodology (RSM), nozzle temperature (T), printing speed (S), and layer thickness (L) were systematically studied to optimize the output responses namely Young's modulus, tensile strength, and degree of crystallinity. The results showed that the layer thickness was the most influential printing parameter on Young's modulus and degree of crystallinity. According to RSM, the optimum factor levels were achieved at 338°C nozzle temperature, 30 mm/s printing speed, and 0.17 mm layer thickness. The optimized post printed PPS parts were then annealed at various temperatures to erase thermal residual stress generated during the printing process and to improve the degree of crystallinity of printed PPS's parts. Results showed that annealing parts at 200°C for 1 hr improved significantly the thermal, structural, and tensile properties of printed PPS's parts.
Magnetic foams from polyurethane and magnetite applied as attenuators of electromagnetic radiation in X band
Authors: Silva Ana Maria G. , Pereira Iaci M , Silva Tamara I. , da Silva Manoel R. , Rocha Renata A. , Silva Mercês C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, electromagnetic radiation absorbent materials (ERAM) were prepared from expanded polyurethane and nano‐Fe3O4. The effect of porosity and charge content on the attenuation of incident radiation was investigated using helium gas pycnometry and the waveguide technique in the frequency range of 8 to 12 GHz (X‐band). ERAM were also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibration sample magnetometer (VSM). Pure polyurethane absorbed 93.6% of the incident radiation at 11.8GHz. This result was attributed to its porous structure and low porosity. Although the content of open cells increases in ERAM with the increase in nanomagnetic content, materials containing 1% and 5% w/w absorbed more than 99% of the incident radiation. This behavior suggests that magnetic property of the charge is compensated for its action as a cell opener in these materials.