bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New DDoS Detection Method in Software Defined Network
Authors: dehkordi afsaneh banitalebi , Soltanaghaei MohammadReza , boroujeni farsad zamani 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a new network architecture in which network control is separated from direct traffic and is programmed directly. Any change in network information and its configuration can be easily implemented in software by using the controller. Although SDN networks with their new structure and controller make way for new and innovative applications for network administrators, but the security challenges and attacks of SDN networks have created problems for these networks. One of these malicious attacks is Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. The DDoS attack is aimed at removing machine and network resources from its legitimate users. In this paper, we propose a hybrid method for detecting DDoS attacks in SDN Networks. This method is consisting of statistical and machine learning method. Statistical method calculates the new correlation measure among all features and the dynamic thresholds, then extracts a portion of the data is recognized as attack. This portion is then redirected to the machine learning section to increase the DDoS detection accuracy. The experimental results on UNB-ISCX, CTU-13 and ISOT datasets showed that the proposed method outperforms the existing techniques in terms of the accuracy of detecting DDOS attacks in SDN networks.
Selection of foraging and commuting habitats of the greater horseshoe bat, revealed by high-resolution GPS-tracking
Authors: Fujioka Emyo , Yoshimura Koki , Ujino Tomohiro , Yoda Ken , Fukui Dai , Hiryu Shizuko 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Echolocating bats make a series of decisions to select their flight routes based on auditory information obtained by sonar; accumulations of these flight routes are represented as daily movement patterns. However, there is still a lack of a unified understanding of continuous movements of echolocating bats in the wild from small to large spatial scales (i.e., from meters to tens of kilometers). Methods In this study, we investigated nightly flight paths of the Japanese greater horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon , using high-resolution GPS data loggers. Our aim was to identify foraging and commuting behavior based on the observed movement patterns and to investigate the relationship between these movement types and specific habitats. Results We found that the majority of tagged bats alternated between foraging and commuting behavior throughout the tracking period, and one individual moved 23.6 km from its roost. The distance between two successive foraging sites was on average 332 ± 398 m (mean ± standard deviation), and half of all foraging periods lasted less than 3 min. An analysis of habitat preferences revealed that the bats preferred conifer plantation and natural forests as pathways and feeding habitats. Particularly, they locally traveled along forest roads at flight speeds significantly higher than those flown over other habitats. Conclusions Our findings suggest the forests and their structures have a great influence on the nocturnal behavior of the greater horseshoe bats. Although this study has a descriptive character due to a relatively small number of tagged individuals, it was possible to elucidate the small-scale interactions between wild Rhinolophus bats and their environment using the latest high-resolution GPS technology, which will allow us to give new insights into the foraging ecology of echolocating bats in the wild.
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR AKUNTANSI SISWA KELAS X AKUNTANSI SMK MUHAMMADIYAH 1 PRAMBANAN KLATEN TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Syafriatna Intan , Yushita Amanita Novi 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Akuntansi Siswa Kelas X Akuntansi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Prambanan Klaten Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019 melalui Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (TPS). Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Penelitian yang dilakukan terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian siswa kelas X Akuntansi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Prambanan Klaten Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019 berjumlah 23 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dengan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) dapat Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Akuntansi Siswa Kelas X Akuntansi SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Prambanan Klaten Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019 yang ditunjukkan dengan adanya peningkatan persentase skor Motivasi Belajar Akuntansi berdasarkan data hasil observasi dan angket. Berdasarkan data hasil observasi, skor rata-rata Motivasi Belajar Akuntansi mengalami peningkatan sebesar 12,86% dari 74,40% pada siklus I menjadi 86,71% pada siklus II. Sedangkan berdasarkan data hasil angket, skor rata-rata Motivasi Belajar Akuntansi mengalami peningkatan sebesar 9,97% dari 73,35% pada siklus I menjadi 83,13% pada siklus II. Secara keseluruhan, persentase skor rata-rata Motivasi Belajar Akuntansi mengalami peningkatan sebesar 11,42% dari 73,75% pada siklus I menjadi 85,17% pada siklus II. Kata kunci: Think Pair Share (TPS), Motivasi Belajar Akuntansi
IMPROVING LEARNING OUTCOMES OF BASIC ACCOUNTING IN X GRADERS THROUGHT COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODELS IN JIGSAW TYPE
Authors: Wati Risa Novita , Pustikaningsih Adeng 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to: find out the differences in learning outcomes of Basic Accounting in X Graders at SMK Negeri 1 Depok Academic Year 2018/2019 before and after the application of the Jigsaw Cooperative Learning Models. This research is a Quasi-Experimental study. Data collection techniques using simple random sampling for the selection of control classes and experimental classes that will be drawn randomly. The subjects of this study were students of class X AKL 1 and X AKL 3 at SMK Negeri 1 Depok. The design of data collection in this study uses the Pretest-posttest control group design model. Data analysis was performed using descriptive analysis and hypothesis testing. The results of the study are: (1) the pre-test learning outcomes in the control class obtained an average value of 71.376, the highest value of 90 and the lowest value of 50. While the pre-test scores in the experiment class obtained an average value of 71.8, the highest value of 90 and the lowest value of 50 (2) post-test learning outcomes in the control class obtained an average value of 71.433, the highest value of 83 and the lowest value of 60. While the post-test in the experiment class obtained an average of 80.733 with the highest value of 90 and the lowest value of 67. (3) Based on the results of the t-test that is 6.122 ≥ 2.00172 or tcount ttable on the results of the post-test of the experiment group and the control group, it can be concluded that there are significant differences between the results of the control class and the experiment class so that there is a significant increase the application of Cooperative Learning Models in Jigsaw type in Basic Accounting subjects to the learning outcomes of X Accounting Graders. Keywords: Jigsaw, Learning Outcomes, Basic Accounting
Formulation and Characterization of Moxifloxacin Nanoparticles with Ion Exchange Resin
Authors: Vyas Jigar , Daxini Kapil , Patel Jitendra 
Published: February 2020

Moxifloxacin (MOX) is a fluoroquinolone anti-infective drug, indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. The drug is soluble in water but still produces low ocular bioavailability due to biological barriers and so it requires dosing for two/three times a day. The present study was designed to formulate, optimize and characterize polymeric Nanoparticles MOX for ocular administration using Ion Exchange Resin (IER). IER-nanoparticles were prepared by media milling method, formulation/process parameters were optimized based on evaluation parameters such as color of nanosuspension, sedimentation behaviour, particle size and zeta potential. MOX-IER nanosuspensions were prepared at different stoichiometric ratio of MOX and IER and characterized by entrapment efficiency, pH, particle size and zeta potential of nanosuspension. In vitro release study of optimized batch MNIER3 exhibited sustained release pattern which follows Korsmeyer-Peppas model with Fickian diffusion mechanism for drug release. Based on these results optimized batch of MOX-IER nanosuspension formulated in the laboratory was found suitable for ocular delivery.
Keywords: Moxifloxacin; nanoparticles, nanosuspension; media milling; stoichiometric ratio; sedimentation behaviour.
ENTRE O REALISMO E O TESTEMUNHO: CRÔNICAS DA VIDA OPERÁRIA, DE RONIWALTER JATOBÁ
Authors: Cabral Éderson de Oliveira , Mügge Ernani 
Published: February 2020

Este artigo apresenta questões relacionadas aos conceitos de testemunho, desenvolvidas por Giorgio Agamben, e de realismo, trabalhadas por Federico Bertoni. Esses conceitos são aplicados à obra Crônicas da vida operária, de Roniwalter Jatobá, sobre a qual críticos e o próprio autor tecem considerações a partir da ótica do testemunho. Toma-se, como objeto de reflexão, tais comentários e se problematiza os efeitos do real, evidenciando que a literatura de via testemunhal é uma conexão de universos, isto é, uma intersecção entre o real e o ficcional, a qual pode ser uma chave de acesso ao pensamento crítico em relação ao universo do trabalho.
Palavras-chave: Realismo. Testemunho. Experiência. Trabalho. Roniwalter Jatobá.
A Multinational, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Cyclical Topical Wound Oxygen (TWO2) Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers: The TWO2 Study
Authors: Frykberg Robert G. , Franks Peter J. , Edmonds Michael , Brantley Jonathan N. , Téot Luc , Wild Thomas , Garoufalis Matthew G. , Lee Aliza M. , Thompson Janette A. , Reach Gérard , Dove Cyaandi R. , Lachgar Karim , Grotemeyer Dirk , Renton Sophie C. ,   on behalf of the TWO2 Study Group
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE
Topical oxygen has been used for the treatment of chronic wounds for more than 50 years. Its effectiveness remains disputed due to the limited number of robust high-quality investigations. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of multimodality cyclical pressure Topical Wound Oxygen (TWO2) home care therapy in healing refractory diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) that had failed to heal with standard of care (SOC) alone.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Patients with diabetes and chronic DFUs were randomized (double-blind) to either active TWO2 therapy or sham control therapy—both in addition to optimal SOC. The primary outcome was the percentage of ulcers in each group achieving 100% healing at 12 weeks. A group sequential design was used for the study with three predetermined analyses and hard stopping rules once 73, 146, and ultimately 220 patients completed the 12-week treatment phase.

RESULTS
At the first analysis point, the active TWO2 arm was found to be superior to the sham arm, with a closure rate of 41.7% compared with 13.5%. This difference in outcome produced an odds ratio (OR) of 4.57 (97.8% CI 1.19, 17.57), P = 0.010. After adjustment for University of Texas Classification (UTC) ulcer grade, the OR increased to 6.00 (97.8% CI 1.44, 24.93), P = 0.004. Cox proportional hazards modeling, also after adjustment for UTC grade, demonstrated &gt;4.5 times the likelihood to heal DFUs over 12 weeks compared with the sham arm with a hazard ratio of 4.66 (97.8% CI 1.36, 15.98), P = 0.004. At 12 months postenrollment, 56% of active arm ulcers were closed compared with 27% of the sham arm ulcers (P = 0.013).

CONCLUSIONS
This sham-controlled, double-blind randomized controlled trial demonstrates that, at both 12 weeks and 12 months, adjunctive cyclical pressurized TWO2 therapy was superior in healing chronic DFUs compared with optimal SOC alone.
KEPALA NEGARA NON MUSLIM MENURUT IBNU TAIMIYYAH (661-728H)
Authors: Azhar Isnen 
Published: February 2020

Masalah kepemimpinan bukan hanya persoalan duniawi, akan tetapi juga persoalan ukhrawi yang mana manusia itu akan dimintai pertanggung-jawabannya dihadapan Allah Subhânahu Wa-Ta’âlâ pada hari kiamat kelak,oleh karena ituurgensi seorang pemimpin dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara telah dijelaskan oleh Allah dan RasulNya, bahkan dalam sebuah komunitaskecil masyarakat seperti dalam sebuah perjalanan, maka Nabi kita Muhammad SAW telah mengintruksikan agar diangkat seorang pemimpin.Jenis penelitian adalah bersifat kepustakaan (library research). Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah normatif. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriftif, analitif, kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan atau observasi literatur yang ada hubungannya dengan pokok permasalahan yang dibahas.Sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah al-Siyâsah al-Syar’iyyah fi Islâhi al-Râ’î wa al-Ra’iyyahkarya Ibnu Taimiyyah, Al-Hisbahkarya Ibnu Taimiyyah, Iqtidhô Shirôthô al-Mustaqîm Li-Mukhôlafati Ashâbi al-Jahîm karya Ibnu Taimiyyah. Sebagai hasil penelitian dalam masalah urgensi kepemimpinan dalam masyarakat Islam, maka pandangan Ibnu Taimiyyah rahimahullahtelah membuat persyaratan yang ketat bagi seorang calon pemimpin dengan karaktersebagai berikut : (1). al-Muslim (2). al-Qowiy (3). al-Amin (4). al-Adl (5). al-Khasyyah, Ibnu Taimiyyah rahimahullahtelah menjadikansyarat yang paling mendasar padadiri seorang calonpemimpin itu adalah dia wajib seorang “muslim yang hanif”,
Meningkatan Keterampilan Menulis Cerpen dengan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBL) Pada Kelas IX-4 SMPN 10 Batam
Authors: Erianti Butet 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 10 Batam pada kelas IX-4 tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 yang berjumlah 42 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu plan (perencanaan), action (pelaksanaan), observation (pengamatan), reflection (refleksi). Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka upaya meningkatkan keterampilan menulis cerpen pada siswa kelas IX-4 SMP Negeri 10 Batam melalui penerapan model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dengan dua siklus. Pada setiap siklus dilakukan empat tahap, yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan (observasi), dan refleksi. Setiap siklus terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah.Untuk mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan 2 (dua) instrumen pada setiap siklus,yaitu penilaian hasil kerja kelompok tentang menulis cerpen dan observasi aktivitas siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada perubahan yaitu peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari sebelum tindakan sampai sesudah melakukan tindakan. Setelah dibandingkan nilai awal siklus I dan nilai siklus II, terjadi kenaikan yang signifikan, yaitu dari rata-rata nilai awal adalah 71 naik di siklus I menjadi 79 dan di siklus II naik menjadi 82.
Meningkatkan Hasil dan Motivasi belajar Bahasa Arab Melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament Pada Materi Identitas Diri di Kelas X Agama 1 MAN-1 Pekanbaru Tahun Pelajaran 2018-2019
Authors: Marzuki Marzuki 
Published: February 2020

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh penerapan pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament yang dilihat dari motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran bahasa arab Materi memperkenalkan diri di kelas Xsc Agama 1 MAN-1 Pekanbaru. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), dimana guru melakukan tindakan reflektif guru untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siklus. Siklus pertama dilakukan dalam 4 kali pertemuan dan siklus ke 2 dilaksanakan dengan 4 kali pertemuan. Setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Instrumen penilaian yang digunakan adalah angket motivasi belajar daftar dan soal pengetahuan untuk Penilaian harian. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa. Motivasi belajar siswa pada siklus 1 pada kategori sangat baik, baik dan cukup berturut-turut masing-masing 28,12%, 56,25% dan 15,62% sementara pada siklus 2 berturut-turut sebesar 34,37%, 59,37% dan 6,25%. Sementara Hasil belajar siswa meningkat dari 68,75 % pada siklus 1 menjadi 87,5 pada siklus 2. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar Bahasa Arab materi memperkenalkan diri (KD 3.2) pada kelas Xsc Agama 1 MAN-1 Pekanbaru Tahun ajaran 2018-2019.
Death in the Timeline
Authors: Acker Amelia 
Published: February 2020

This paper explores a Life Event post from Facebook as a point of departure for critical data studies to understand how social media metadata shapes digital cultural memory and the disciplining of data subjects. I discuss some possible interventions that can contribute to our understanding of metadata’s role in the critical study of data, and in particular, how user generated metadata created in social platforms authored by state actors features in to new forms of information control, civic engagement, and networked information technologies. This discussion includes traditional concepts of concern and analysis for information and archival scholars, including creating data as a new form of belonging in society, collection tools and access policies, and the representation of events with metadata, such as death or state-sanctioned violence. In developing these concepts through a reading of a Life event that announces death and state power over life as it is represented in a social platform, I seek to expand the modes that information scholars use to address issues of time, context, and memory in digital archives and metadata emerging from social platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.
Pre-print first published online 12/20/2018
Anonymity Versus Privacy in a Control Society
Authors: Melis Rachel 
Published: February 2020

Society is becoming increasingly more securitized with surveillance technologies having entered a phase of ubiquity, with their components built into many of our daily digital devices. The default state of tracking, monitoring, and recording has fundamentally changed our social and communicative environments. Through the lens of surveillance, everything we do and say can be potentially categorized as a “threat.” Our technological devices become the means by which social control becomes informationalized. A common tool of resistance against these pervasive surveillance practices takes the form of arguing for greater privacy protections to be implemented through information privacy and data protection laws. However, beyond the complexity of the privacy discourse itself, there are diverse information environments not easily parsed by law where the tension between transparency and secrecy complicates privacy practices.
The main purpose of this article is conceptual. I consider what the practice of anonymity can offer that privacy does not. From a legal perspective, highlighting the nuances between privacy and anonymity helps us to understand the extent to which our speech and behaviors are becoming increasingly more constrained in the digital environment. In cultural and social contexts, privacy and anonymity often connote differing values; privacy is commonly considered a moral virtue, while anonymity is often maligned and associated with criminal or deviant behavior. In contrast to this understanding, I argue that anonymity should be reconsidered in light of the deterioration of privacy considerations as privacy practices are reframed as contractual resources that are co-opted by both the market and the state. Anonymity, more broadly construed as a mode of resistance to surveillance practices, allows for a more flexible, consistent, and collective means of ensuring civil liberties remain intact.
Surveillance to Art
Authors: Carbone Kathy Michelle 
Published: February 2020

This photo essay explores a particular (but not uncommon) historical nexus and regime of information and control—the operations and recorded remains of a police surveillance program—and the ways in which today two artists, through politico-aesthetic practices, re-vision and make public, alter and share knowledge about past invasive acts on individual privacy and previously covert documents.
Pre-print first published online 11/25/2018
New Conditions of The Existence of Fixed Point in Δ- Ordered Δ Banach Algebra
Authors: Hussein Boushra 
Published: February 2020

The main idea is to construct a new algebra and find new necessary and sufficient conditions equivalent to the existence of a fixed point. In this work, an algebra is constructed, called Δ - ordered Banach algebra, we define convergent in this new space, Topological structure on Δ ordered Banach Algebra and prove this as Hausdorff space. Also, we define new conditions as Δ- lipshtiz,, Δ- contraction contraction , in this algebra construct, we prove this condition is the existence and uniqueness results of the fixed point. In this paper, we prove a common fixed point if the self-functions satisfy the new condition which is called Ф-contraction.
Some Aspects of Good Practice for Safe Use of Wi-Fi, Based on Experiments and Standards
Authors: Gorbāns Imants , Jurenoks Aleksejs 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research is to study the effect of microwave Wi-Fi radiation on humans and plants. The paper investigates national standards for permissible exposure levels to microwave radiation, measures electric field intensity and justifies the point of view regarding the safe use of microwave technologies based on multiple plant cultivation experiments at different distances from a Wi-Fi router. The results demonstrate that the radiation of Wi-Fi routers significantly impairs the growth, development, yield and unexpected drought resistance of plants at short distances from the microwave source (up to 1 m to 2 m; –33 dBm to –43 dBm; >10 V/m). Slight effects are found up to about 4.5 m from a full-power home Wi-Fi router. As a result, suggestions are made for safe and balanced use of modern wireless technologies, which can complement occupational safety and health regulations.
Gyroscopic Effect in Machine Working Assemblies
Authors: Zastempowski Marcin , Bochat Andrzej 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses and calculates the impact of the gyroscopic effect on the increase in the agricultural machine working assemblies’ load on bearings of the chaff cutter type. This effect occurs under natural field operational conditions of this type of machine either during the change in direction of its movement or moving over irregular surface and is caused by a sudden change in the axis direction of quickly rotating masses. In a form of graph, there is a presentation of a mathematical model and exemplary results of simulation calculations for selected parameter values related to the movement and operation of machines with a high-speed drum. Calculations were conducted on the basis of analysis of technical data of working machines of the chaff cutter type. Conducted analysis of the agricultural machine working assemblies’ load on bearings showed that these loads may temporarily increase even by ten times in case of the machine turn and eight times in case of moving over irregular of surface, considerably influencing their lifetime.