bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simple-To-Use Nomogram to Predict Survival After Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Liu Yong , Liu Jiang , Huang Liang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study to construct and validate a simple-to-use nomogram to predict the survival of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.Methods: A total of 197 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome were selected from the Dryad Digital Repository. All eligible individuals were randomly stratified into the training set (n=133) and the testing set (n=64) as 2: 1 ratio. LASSO regression analysis was used to select the optimal predictors, and receiver operating characteristic and calibration curves were used to evaluate accuracy and discrimination of the model. Clinical usefulness of the nomogram was also assessed using decision curve analysis and Kaplan–Meier analysis.Results: Age, albumin, platelet count, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, PaO2/FiO2, lactate dehydrogenase, high-resolution computed tomography score, and syndrome etiology were identified as independent prognostic factors on LASSO regression analysis; these factors were integrated for the construction of the nomogram. Results of calibration plots, decision curve analysis, and receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that this model has good predictive ability of patient survival in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Moreover, a significant difference in the 28-day survival was shown between the patients stratified into different risk groups (P < 0.001).Conclusions: We satisfactorily constructed a simple-to-use nomogram based on eight relevant factors to predict survival and prognosis of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. This model can aid personalized treatment and clinical decision-making.
Transcriptomic Profiling Identifies Candidate Genes Involved in Polyporus Umbellatus Sclerotial Formation Affected by Oxalic Acid
Authors: Xing Yong-Mei , Li Bing , Zeng Xu , Zhou Li-Si , Lee Tae-Soo , Lee Min-Woong , Chen Xiao-Mei , Guo Shun-Xing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Polyporus umbellatus is a precious medicinal fungus. The whole transcriptome of P. umbellatus exposed to different concentrations of oxalic acid was performed and analyzed using RNA-seq based on sequencing technology. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection of P. umbellatus mycelia was visually conducted and using non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT), the net Ca2+ and H2O2 fluxes of P. umbellatus were measured. Totally, 22,523 unigenes were generated by De novo assembly of reads and there are 1223 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control group and the high oxalic acid complemented (PD_S) group and 459 DEGs between the control group and the low concentration oxalic acid additive (PU_SM) group. The transcriptomic analysis indicated DEGs encoding enzymes related to oxidative stress, energy metabolism and so on. Compared to that of the control group, the biomass of the sclerotia in the PU_SM group increased 66%, however, no sclerotia formed in the PD_S group. The low concentration of oxalic acid could increase Ca2+ and H2O2 influx, while the high concentration of oxalic acid presented slight H2O2 efflux. There is a great significant positive correlation between the net Ca2+ and H2O2 fluxes. Different concentrations of exogenous oxalic acid affected P. umbellatus sclerotial formation in different ways.
Web-based Formative Assessment Through Clinical Cases: Role in Pathophysiology Teaching.
Authors: Ros Nerea Fernandez , Lucena Felipe , Iñarrairaegui Mercedes , Landecho Manuel , Sunsundegui Patricia , Jordán-Iborra Carlota , Pineda Iñigo , Quiroga Jorge , Herrero Jose Ignacio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. Active learning strategies such as formative assessment through clinical cases may help to get a deeper learning. We have studied the effect of this kind of online formative assessment in pathophysiology teaching. Methods. Seven brief clinical cases were used to give formative assessment in the first semester of a pathophysiology course. To evaluate its effect on learning, we analyzed the proportion of students that passed the end of semester exam with a score above 60 over 100. We also analyzed the effect of the intervention according to the students’ previous academic performance. Results. Ninety-six students participated in the study and sat the exam. Sixty-five of them passed it. Students that passed the exam had a higher previous academic performance and had done a higher number of exercises of formative assessment, both in univariate and multivariate analysis. The participants were divided in three groups, according to their previous academic performance. In the intermediate group, the number of cases done by the students who passed the exam was significantly higher than in those who did not pass it (median: 4 versus 0; P=0.009). Conclusion. Formative assessment through web-based clinical cases increases knowledge acquisitions in pathophysiology, mainly in students with intermediate performance.
Survival-associated Metabolic Genes in Colon and Rectal Cancers
Authors: Cui Yanfen , Han Baoai , Zhang He , Wang Zhiyong , Liu Hui , Zhang Fei , Niu Ruifang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Uncontrolled proliferation is the most prominent biological feature of tumors. To rapidly proliferate and maximize the use of available nutrients, tumor cells regulate their metabolic behavior and the expression of metabolism-related genes (MRGs). In this study, we aimed to construct prognosis models for colon and rectal cancers, using MRGs to indicate the prognoses of patients. MethodsWe first acquired the gene expression profiles of colon and rectal cancers from the TCGA and GEO database, and utilized univariate Cox analysis, lasso regression, and multivariable cox analysis to identify MRGs for risk models. Then GSEA and KEGG functional enrichment analysis were utilized to identify the metabolism pathway of MRGs in the risk models and analyzed these genes comprehensively using GSCALite.ResultsEight genes (CPT1C, PLCB2, PLA2G2D, GAMT, ENPP2, PIP4K2B, GPX3, and GSR) in the colon cancer risk model and six genes (TDO2, PKLR, GAMT, EARS2, ACO1, and WAS) in the rectal cancer risk model were identified successfully. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that the models predicted overall survival accurately and independently for patients with colon or rectal cancer. Furthermore, we identified the metabolism pathway of MRGs in the risk models and analyzed these genes comprehensively. Then, we verified the prognosis model in independent colon cancer cohorts (GSE17538) and detected the correlations of the protein expression levels of GSR and ENPP2 with prognosis for colon or rectal cancer. ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that 14 MRGs are potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of colorectal cancer.
Schistosome japonicum Proteins that Interact with the Gynecophoral Canal Protein Identified Using a Yeast Two-hybrid System
Authors: Ren Yuqi , Li Mian , Shi Yanli , Liu Pingping , Wu Qijin , Yang Yunxia , Zhang Longxian , Jin Yamei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The large amount of eggs produced by mature female worms not only induce major pathological damage to hosts of schistosomes but also lead to disease transmission. Mature female schistosome worms need constant pairing contact with a male partner as male signaling is indispensable to female growth, development, and reproduction. The gynecophoral canal protein (GCP), a cell-surface glycoprotein that is gender-specific to the male worm, plays a potential role in the interaction between males and females and in stimulating female development and maturation. Methods: In this study, a yeast two-hybrid cDNA library of Schistosome japonicum (Sj) parasites 18 days post-infection was constructed; the SjGCP gene was inserted into a pGBKT7-BD bait plasmid and used as a bait protein to screen for its molecular interactions using a yeast mating procedure.Results: Twenty-four prey proteins that interacted with the SjGCP were selected after excluding false positives; the interactions between two of these, SjLGL and SjColV, and SjGCP were verified by co-immunoprecipitation.Conclusions: The proteins that interacted with SjGCP were identified as being associated with growth, development, and reproductive functionality in S. japonicum.
Prevalence of Neonatal Mortality and Its Associated Factors among Neonates Admitted In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Debre Tabor General Hospital, South Gondar, Ethiopia
Authors: Demis Solomon Kebede , Munye Tigabu , Munye Biniam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Neonatal mortality is the death of newborn babies from the time of birth to 28 completed days of life which is the most vulnerable time for a child's survival. About one million of them passed away on their first day of life, and more than two thirds (38%) of the deaths were in sub-Saharan Africa where Ethiopia is one of the countries with the highest neonatal mortality in the world which accounts for 29 deaths per 1,000 live births. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal mortality among neonates admitted in Debre Tabor General Hospital in South Gondar, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 1, 2018, up to January 30, 2019, in Debre Tabor General Hospital. A Structured interviewer-administered pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data were entered into Epi data version 4.2 and then exported into SPSS window version 24. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was undertaken and information was presented by using simple frequency tables, graphs, and pie charts. Result: the prevalence of neonatal mortality was found to be 12.3%. Gestational age group 28-32 weeks (AOR=9.5, 95% CI: 2.39-37.97), Gestational Age beyond 42 weeks (AOR=4.6, 95% CI: 6.3-33.8), and forceps delivery (AOR=0.18, 95% CI: 0.05-0.68) were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion and recommendation: Neonatal mortality was higher than the national with independently associated factors of prematurity and post maturity while forceps delivery as a preventive factor. Therefore, this might be essential to the hospital neonatal intensive care unit nurse to plan for managing prematurity and post maturity in better nursing care as well as providing quality ANC and identifying most predisposing factors for prematurity.
Diaphragm Satellite Cells Isolation by Optimized MACS and the Effect of Mechanical Ventilation on their Proliferation and Differentiation Characteristics through MyoD and Myogenin Pathways
Authors: Ding Junying , Li Qian , Liang Feng , Bhattarai Salyan , Liu Qingquan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: In the present study, we aimed to establish a feasible method to isolate single diaphragm satellite cells from C57 mice, and clarify the effect of mechanical ventilation (MV) on the proliferation and differentiation of diaphragm satellite cells. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanism was also explored.Methods: After the dissection of the diaphragm, enzymolysis, and specific antibody selection, single diaphragm satellite cells were harvested from C57 mice receiving 6 h of MV or not with optimized magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) approach. The cells were stained with BrdU or labeled with the differentiation antibody MYH3, followed by observation using fluorescence microscopy. The cells were counted from randomly selected visual fields, and the proliferation or differentiation characteristics of the control and MV groups were compared by IMAGE software. Besides, the expressions of MyoD and myogenin were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: The single diaphragm satellite cells were successfully purified through MACS using a set of optimized parameters. Generally speaking, 1.5×105 cells could be harvested from a single diaphragm. Upon MV, the proliferation rate of diaphragm satellite cells was decreased from 88.74% to 81.92%, while the differentiation rate was increased from 17.94% to 27.58%. Moreover, the expressions of MyoD and myogenin were significantly up-regulated upon MV. Conclusions: In our current work, an efficient method was successfully established to isolate single diaphragm satellite cells. After MV, the differentiation rate of diaphragm satellite cells tended to increase, and the expressions of MyoD and myogenin were up-regulated. Collectively, our findings provided valuable insights into further research and clinical target treatment.
Effect of Ligustrazine on Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Injury Through Upregulating UCP3
Authors: Zhu Ke-fu , Shao-ze Wu , Jin Hong-feng , Lou Jiang-jie , Wen Ying-zheng , Zhou Qin-yi , Tang Lijiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The study aimed to investigate whether ligustrazine, a traditional Chinese medicine, could attenuate myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and explore the potential mechanism.Methods: 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally into four groups: sham operation (S); (I/R); I/R + ligustrazine preconditioning (Lig); I/R + ligustrazine preconditioning + mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opener lonidamine (LND) (Lig + LND). Myocardial I/R model was established and ligustrazine was administered intraperitoneally 5 min prior to ischemia, LND was administered intraperitoneally 10 min prior to reperfusion. The infarct area (IA) was measured by Evans blue staining, where levels of Myocardial injury markers, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were detected. RT-PCR and Western Blot were adopted to measure the uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) expression.Results: Compared to I/R group, the IA/area at risk (AAR) in Lig, and Lig + LND groups were significantly decreased, UCP3 levels of mRNA and protein were increased (P < 0.05). Compared to Lig group, the IA/AAR in Lig + LND group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). Ligustrazine pretreatment increased SOD, ATP activity, and decreased cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and MDA activities. The effect of ligustrazine was reversed by LND.Conclusion: The present results indicated that ischemic preconditioning of ligustrazine might protect myocardium against I/R injury through upregulating UCP3 expression.
Serum CCAT2 as a Biomarker for Adjuvant Diagnosis and Prognostic Prediction of Cervical Cancer
Authors: Cao Xiaoli , Yao Juan , Jia Meiqun , Shen Xianjuan , Zhang Jinye , ju shaoqing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that lncRNA colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) is associated with cancers. However, the clinical value of CCAT2 in cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. In this study, serum CCAT2 level was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and squamous-cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) were detected by electrochemiluminescence. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to estimate the diagnostic efficiency of CCAT2. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to assess the prognostic value of CCAT2. The relative expression level of CCAT2 in primary CC patients was significantly higher than that in cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) patients and healthy controls (both P<0.001). CCAT2 relative expression was positively correlated with tumor FIGO stage, SCC-Ag and LNM (all P<0.05). CCAT2 expression in recurrent/metastatic CC was significantly higher compared with primary CC (P<0.0001) or operated CC (P<0.0001) and during follow-up, CCAT2 expression was increased before surgery and decreased significantly after surgery (P<0.0001). Furthermore, the overall survival rate of CC patients with high CCAT2 expression group markedly decreased as compared with that of low CCAT2 expression group (P=0.026). Univariate analyses indicated that CCAT2 was a poor prognostic factor associated with overall survival (OS). Our study indicates that CCAT2 may be valuable in complementary diagnosis and monitoring of progression and prognosis of CC patients. Combined detection of CCAT2, CA125 and SCC can greatly improve the diagnostic efficiency of primary CC.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Continuation and Associated Factors Among Employed Women in North Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gebrekidan Kahsu , Hall Helen , Plummer Virginia , Fooladi Ensieh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) can prevent up to 13% of under-five mortality in developing countries. In Sub-Saharan Africa the rate of EBF at six months remains very low at 36%. Different types of factors such as maternal, family-related and work-related factors are responsible for the low rate of EBF among employed women. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of EBF continuation and associated factors among employed women in North Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in two towns of Tigray region, North Ethiopia. Employed women who had children between 6 months and 2 years were surveyed using multistage, convenient sampling. Women filled a paper-based validated questionnaire adopted from Breastfeeding and Employment Study toolkit. The questions were grouped into four parts of sociodemographic characteristics, maternal characteristics, family support and work-related factors. Factors associated with EBF continuation as a binary outcome (yes/no) were determined using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Four-hundred and forty-nine women participated in this study with a mean (SD) age 30.4 (4.2) years. Two hundred and fifty-four (56.4%) participants exclusively breastfed their children for six months or more. The main reason for discontinuation of EBF was the requirement of women to return to paid employment (31.5%). Four-hundred and forty (98.2%) participants believed that breastfeeding has benefits either to the infant or to the mother. Three hundred and seventy-one (82.8%) of the participants received support from their family at home to assist with EBF most commonly from their husbands and mothers. Having family support (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]= 2.1, 95%, CI 1.2-3.6; P = 0.005), having frequent breaks at work (AOR= 2.6, 95% CI, 1.4-4.8; P = 0.002) and the possibility of buying or borrowing required equipment for expressing breast milk (AOR= 1.7, 95% CI, 1.0-3.0; P = 0.033) were statistically associated with increasing chance of EBF. Conclusion: Although returning to work was reported by the study participants as the main reason for discontinuation of EBF, families and managers’ support have significant roles in EBF continuation which in the absence of six-month maternal leave for employed women in Ethiopia would be of benefit to mothers and their child.
Characteristics and Risk Factors of Interval Colorectal Advanced Adenomas after Negative Index Colonoscopy
Authors: Dong Haibin , Ren Yutang , Jiang Bo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives Interval colorectal advanced adenoma (I-CRAA) carries insidious risk of interval colorectal cancer (I-CRC). The study aims to determine the frequency of I-CRAA after negative colonoscopy and discover the characteristics and the risk factors.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the information of the patients undergoing colonoscopy in the endoscopic center (2015-2019). Frequency of I-CRAA was calculated. The clinical features of I-CRAA were compared with sporadic colorectal advanced adenoma (Sp-CRAA). Results The frequency of I-CRAA was 0.71% (112/15759) per colonoscopy. I-CRAA was more likely to be located in the proximal colon (65.2% vs 34.8%, p<0.05) and has high pathological grade (5.4% vs 1.6%, p<0.05). Diabetes, family history of CRC, smoking, alcohol intake and diverticulosis are risk factors for I-CRAA（p<0.05）. Excellent bowel preparation (OR 3.727; 95% CI 2.425–5.73, p<0.001) and higher adenoma detection rate (OR 1.924; 95% CI 1.153–3.21, p = 0.012) are helpful for the detection of I-CRAA. I-CRAA found within 1 year other than 2 or 3 years after the initial colonoscopy were usually found by an endoscopist with higher ADR.Conclusions I-CRAA is usually located in the proximal colon and has high pathological grade. Diabetes, diverticulosis, smoking history, alcohol intake, and family history of CRC are the risk factors. Its occurrence is more related to low-quality colonoscopy, especially within one year.
Involvement of the Extracellular Matrix Proteins Periostin and Tenascin C in Nasal Polyp Remodeling by Regulating the Expression of MMPs
Authors: Du Kun , Wang Min , Zhang Nan , Wang Ping , Yu Pei , Li Ying , Wang Xiangdong , Zhang Luo , Bachert Claus 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Tissue remodeling caused by increased MMPs is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). We previously found higher levels of periostin and tenascin C in CRSwNPs, but whether they are associated with the dysregulation of MMPs is unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the regulatory roles of two ECM proteins in the expression of MMPs in nasal polyps.Methods：The concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-12, MMP-13, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, TIMP-3, TIMP-4, periostin, and tenascin C in tissue homogenates of 51 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps and 15 control subjects were measured and their correlations were analyzed. Primary human nasal polyp fibroblasts and epithelial cells were stimulated ex vivo with periostin and tenascin C and the gene expression of MMPs and TIMPs was determined by means of real-time PCR.Results: The protein levels of MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, periostin, and tenascin C were significantly higher in patients with CRSwNPs than in healthy control subjects. Periostin was positively correlated with MMP-3 and TIMP-2, and tenascin C was positively correlated with MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-2. Periostin stimulated the gene expression of MMP-3, MMP-7, and MMP-9 in fibroblasts and MMP-7 in epithelial cells ex vivo. Tenascin C stimulated the expression of MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in epithelial cells, but not in fibroblasts. The expression of TIMPs in fibroblasts and epithelial cells was affected by neither periostin nor tenascin C. Conclusions：Periostin and tenascin C might be involved in the remodeling of nasal polyps by regulating the expression of different MMPs in epithelial cells and fibroblasts. Our findings have the potential to identify key factors of tissue remodeling in CRSwNPs.