bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-Cultural Dynamics of Pre-School Education in Nepal
Authors: Rupakheti Ritu 
Published: January 2021

The article ‘Socio-Cultural Dynamics of Pre-School Education in Nepal,’ explores the increasing trend of the Early Childhood Education (ECE) system in Kathmandu Valley, which is shaping the perspective of people on education, and in turn, the ways people’s attitude is reshaping this emerging ECE trend. The gradual breakdown of the conventional education approach and adoption of new system is in the liminal stage. Unplanned introduction of such education borrowed from different cultural contexts seems to generate a complex, and sometimes conflicting response from society. The fieldwork of this paper was carried out at Ravibhawan of Kathmandu Metropolitan City. Two Montessori-based pre-schools from the Ravibhawan area were chosen for this purpose. It follows the anthropological inquiry with descriptive and exploratory approach. Participant observation and the narratives of the informants constitute the basis of primary information. Both key informant interviews, and informal discussions are employed to explore the emic perspectives of the concerned. Government documents and other relevant literatures are the source of secondary information. Purposive sampling is the main basis of informant selection.
This paper finds that there is a complicated and much-embedded relationship between pre-schooling, and the existing socio-cultural contexts of the communities. Several factors including the notion of family, gender roles, economic and social status, and the increasing global connectivity seem to be in complex interaction to influence the final choice of the parents. This study is a contribution towards the anthropology of pre-school education in Nepal. Despite the increasing importance of pre-school education, and its increasing trend in Nepal, anthropologists seem to be less interested in exploring this field.
MODERN VІEWS ON EMERGENCY CАRE ІN THE PАTHOLOGY OF THE ORGАNS OF CАRDІOVАSCULАR SYSTEMS
Authors: Zhdаn V. M. , Khаіmenovа Н. S. , Іshcheіkіnа Yu. O. , Volchenko G. V. , Kаterenchuk O. І. 
Published: January 2021

Аrterіаl hypertensіon – іs one of the most аcute medіcаl аnd socіаl problems іn the world. Despіte the obvіous successes іn the treаtment of hypertensіon, the totаl number of hypertensіve pаtіents іn the world hаs exceeded 1 bіllіon people аnd іs steаdіly іncreаsіng; by 2022, аccordіng to аpproxіmаte estіmаtes, іt mаy аmount to 1.5 bіllіon cаses. Аt the sаme tіme, hypertensіon іs the leаdіng cаuse of deаth of the populаtіon (12.8%), whіch іs 7.5 mіllіon people per yeаr. Іn turn, а hypertensіve crіsіs іs аn аcute, pronounced іncreаse іn blood pressure, аccompаnіed by clіnіcаl symptoms аnd requіrіng аn іmmedіаte controlled decreаse from the purpose of preventіng or lіmіtіng dаmаge to tаrget orgаns. Bаsed on thіs defіnіtіon, іt іs іmportаnt to emphаsіze once аgаіn thаt іt іs unаcceptаble to clаssіfy epіsodes of аn аcute pronounced іncreаse іn blood pressure thаt аre not аccompаnіed by clіnіcаl symptoms to hypertensіve crіsіs. Іn аddіtіon, іt іs іmportаnt not to refer to hypertensіve crіsіs аs cаses of аcute myocаrdіаl іnfаrctіon, аcute cerebrovаsculаr аccіdent, аccompаnіed by а secondаry pronounced іncreаse іn blood pressure (due to pаіn syndrome, аcute cerebrаl іschemіа, etc.). Thus, the hypertensіve crіsіs should іnclude those cаses when аn аcute pronounced іncreаse іn blood pressure precedes аnd іs the cаuse of аcute dаmаge to tаrget orgаns. The іssue of treаtment of аrterіаl hypertensіon аnd hypertensіve crіses does not lose іts relevаnce now. The possіbіlіtіes of rаpіd аnd effectіve relіef of crіses аt the prehospіtаl stаge hаve іncreаsed severаl tіmes wіth the аdvent of the drug ebrаntіl.
The mаіn goаls of the treаtment of hypertensіve crіsіs аre relіef of the crіsіs, post-crіsіs stаbіlіzаtіon, аnd preventіon of repeаted hypertensіve crіses.
PREDICTORS OF EARLY NEUROLOGICAL DETERIORATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE SPONTANEOUS SUPRATENTORIAL INTRACEREBRAL HAEMORHAGE
Authors: Kozyolkin O.A. , Kuznietsov A.A. 
Published: January 2021

This study was designed in order to improve diagnostic approaches in acute period of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage based on the elaboration of prognostic criteria for detecting early neurological deterioration under the conservative treatment. This prospective study included 339 patients having the first intracerebral haemorrhage. Clinical neurological examinations were carried out over the course of acute period of the disease by using Full Outline of UnResponsiveness scale and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. The volume of intracerebral and secondary intraventricular haemorrhage, presence and severity of midline shift were detected by neurovisualizing techniques. Early neurological deterioration was chosen as a cumulative endpoint. We considered the signs of deterioration under the therapy during the first 24 – 48 hours following the admission to the hospital: decrease in Full Outline of UnResponsiveness scale score ≥2; increase in the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score ≥4; lethal outcome. Logistic regressive analysis and ROC-analysis were used for elaboration of the prognostic criteria. Results. Neurological deterioration under the conservative therapy for 24 – 48 hours since the hospitalization was detected in 29,2-33,6% of cases. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that initial degree of midline shift and volume of secondary intraventricular haemorrhage are the most informative parameters for evaluating risk of early neurological deterioration in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, who received the conservative therapy.
The volume of secondary intraventricular hemorrhage >13,5 ml (sensitivity 70,5-72,7%, specificity 80,8-82,8%) and mean value of septum pellucidum and pineal gland shift >4,5 mm (sensitivity 60,6-60,7%, specificity 85,8-89,2%) were the predictors for early neurological deterioration. The above-mentioned predictors were integrated into the mathematical models for early neurological deterioration prognosis during 24 hours (AUC (95% CІ) = 0,85 (0,81-0,89), р˂0,0001) and 48 hours since the hospital admission (AUC (95% CІ) = 0,87 (0,83-0,90), р˂0,0001). Conclusions. The informative neurovisualization criteria for early neurological deterioration in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage were elaborated. They include the integrated degree of midline shift and the volume of secondary intraventricular hemorrhage. These criteria enable to determine the individual cumulative risk of unfavorable outcomes of acute period of the disease under the conservative therapy following 24 – 48 hours since the hospitalization with the accuracy of 81,7-82,9%.
Features of the Application of the Amnesty Institution under the Laws of the Russian Empire (1845-1917)
Authors: Дедурін Г. Г. , Заврічко Д. Г. 
Published: January 2021

The peculiarities of the application of the amnesty institution under the legislation of the Russian Empire are studied, in particular, the Regulations on Criminal and Correctional Punishments of 1845, 1885, 1903, tsarist manifestos, the Amnesty Act of 1905, etc. Thus, the normative consolidation of concepts and partially the procedures of “pardon” and “condonation” was reflected in the Criminal and Correctional Penal Code of 1845, which were duplicated in the Regulations of 1885 and 1903. The reasons for the abolition of punishment could be the following: incurable illness or death of the accused, reconciliation of the parties, the statute of limitations for the crime and pardon. According to the norms of the Code, pardon of criminals came from the supreme autocratic power and the sovereign’s mercy.
The cumbersome form of the tsarist manifestos, which were mostly issued in connection with solemn dynastic events, proved ineffective for state and political acts. When revolutionary and national movements in the Empire began to take their first steps, the government had to grant amnesty as proof of its sincerity and readiness for democratic changes. An example of such a step was the issuance of an amnesty act fated from June 25, 1905, which was a significant shift in the direction of modern legal understanding and legal enforcement of this legal institution.
Also the author identified and analyzed several forms of amnesty, which were found in the legislation of that time: abolition, which abolished the general law for a particular case and extinguished the crime itself; indulgence, when not the crime itself was extinguished, but only the punishment for the committed crime; rehabilitation, according to which a person was released from serving a sentence and restored in rights. Depending on the interests and goals pursued by the state, different types of amnesty took place at different stages. In general, the Russian Empire was aware of its three forms: theocratic, dynastic and political.
Topical Issues of Improving the Activities of Police Commissions of the National Police of Ukraine
Authors: Бугайчук К. Л. 
Published: January 2021

The author has studied the current state of the regulatory base on the activities of police commissions, including the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On the National Police", the Procedure for organizing the selection (competition) and promotion of police officers, as well as the Model procedure for holding a competition for police service and/or occupying a vacant positions.
It is proved that the basis for the formation of the general structure of police commissions should be the functional and territorial principle for building a police system. It is offered to create police commissions in territorial police units at the level of both the Main Police Directorate in the region and police departments. The emphasis was placed on the need to amend the Law of Ukraine on the National Police in terms of the fact that police commissions may not include MPs of Ukraine, their assistants; Mps of Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, oblast, district, city councils in cities, their assistants; chairmen of oblast, district councils in cities, their assistants and advisers; city, village, settlement mayors, their deputies, assistants and advisers.
Based on the analysis of the basic law regulating the activities of the National Police of Ukraine, as well as the regulatory acts of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, propositions were formulated aimed at improving the procedure for the activities of police commissions, in particular regarding: optimization of the system of police commissions, determining the procedure and grounds for creating several commissions in territorial police agencies; improving the procedure for nominating candidates to police commissions from the Minister of Internal Affairs, the Head of the National Police and the Commissioner for Human Rights of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine; depoliticizing the staff of police commissions; establishing a clear algorithm for the activities of police commissions to determine the priorities of police activities; improving the procedure for conducting interviews with candidates for positions and the procedure for assessing such interviews; establishing administrative responsibility for interfering with the work of police commissions.
Problematic Issues of the Development and Implementation of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses
Authors: Кириченко О. Ю. 
Published: January 2021

The most problematic aspects in the process of developing a new version of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses have been formulated and characterized; and the perspectives for the adoption of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses have been outlined. The main shortcoming is the obsolescence of the legal norms enshrined in the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses. It has been noted that it is the reason for the massive disintegration of legislation in the specified area. Other shortcomings are the fragmentation and obsolescence of corpus delicti of administrative offenses (in this regard, it has been emphasized that currently administrative and tort law does not need to be expanded); eclecticism (combination of heterogeneous elements) of the content of substantive administrative tort legislation; inconsistency of a significant part of the misdemeanors in the field of public administration provided by the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses; duplication of certain provisions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, etc.
The author has provided propositions for updating the sections of the current Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses, in particular, the inclusion into General Part of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses of the norms consolidating its tasks, determining the concept of administrative liability, detailing the understanding of legislation on administrative liability, establishing rules for the formation of the Code, as well as the scope of its action in time, in space and by the range of persons; special attention has been paid to the revision of the system of administrative penalties.
The author has suggested own vision of the structure of the new Code and its content, has emphasized the necessity of determining the legal entity as a subject of administrative liability, as well as the introduction of the algorithm of bringing MPs, deputies of local councils and judges to administrative liability.
It has been concluded that a separate chapter in the new Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses is expedient to be focused on the peculiarities of prosecuting legal entities, as well as to provide a section, which is going to be focused on the corpus delicti of torts and sanctions for their commission.
Relations on Ensuring the Rights and Freedoms of a Man and Citizen as a Component of the Subject Matter of Administrative Law
Authors: Комзюк А. Т. , Липій Є. А. 
Published: January 2021

The relations arising in the activity of public administration concerning the provision of human rights and freedoms, which are recognized as a priority component of the subject matter of administrative regulation, are characterized. It is emphasized that one of the main, conceptual, most important and at the same time the most controversial issues is still the understanding of the subject matter and system of administrative law.
The tasks concerning the assertion of the rights and freedoms of citizens, in particular the completeness of the settlement of their guarantees, are analyzed. It is established that it can be carried out in different ways and means: by utterances in declarations, statements, enshrined in the Constitution and laws; participation in the preparation and adoption of international human rights instruments, accession to relevant international treaties, etc. Regarding administrative regulation, it is an issue of consolidating human and civil rights and freedoms in the sources of administrative law and recognizing their priority.
The essence of the concept of "provision" and its elements are defined, which means the recognition and settlement with due fullness of these rights and freedoms, providing a real opportunity to use them, promoting implementation (positive guarantee), protection and defense from violations, renewal if allowed and responsibility of the state for them.
It is emphasized that the protection and defense of the rights of citizens in modern administrative and legal theory are rarely considered as part of the constitutional principle of their approval and provision. Moreover, the emphasis in many works is exclusively made on the so-called "service" activities of public administration, which provide the most positive promotion of the rights and freedoms of citizens. However, it is no less important to maintain proper public order and security, to counteract to various illegal manifestations that infringe on these rights and freedoms, causing some damage, sometimes quite significant.
The conclusion is made about the expediency of taking into account the relations concerning the provision of human rights and freedoms and its elements, in particular protection and defense in the construction of the system of administrative law.
Tasks and Principles of International Cooperation in the Field of Forensic Examination
Authors: Яценко І. І. 
Published: January 2021

The basic categories: “tasks”, “principles”, “forensic examination”, “international cooperation” have been studied. The legal regulation of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination has been determined. The understanding of the category of “tasks and principles of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination” has been clarified.
The task of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination has been defined as a set of legally established provisions aimed at ensuring effective and professional forensic examination in the course of international cooperation of forensic experts. The tasks of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination include the following: ensuring international cooperation between the subjects of forensic expertise, use of international qualified and objective expertise, providing assistance to international (foreign) forensic institutions (organizations), exchange of experience (training and retraining), providing international scientific support for the activities of forensic experts.
The principles of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination have been defined as guiding (fundamental) principles and ideas laid down in the basis of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination and aimed at ensuring objective forensic activity. The following principles of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination have been formulated: good faith, freedom, equality, scientificity, international and legal clarity.
It has been proved that the introduction of tasks and principles of international cooperation in the field of forensic examination into legal regulation of Ukraine is designed to be one of the driving changes in the legal basis for accelerating the integration of international forensic activity experience into the activity of domestic experts, implementation of new developments, Ukraine’s participation in developing programs in the field of forensic examination at the global level, including at the planning stage of the concept and strategy for developing forensic examination area.
PENGARUH JOB SPECIALIZATION DAN JOB ROTATION TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS KERJA
Authors: Atmaja Wira , Agung Syahrum , Firdaus Muhamad Azis 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini menggambarkan seberapa besar pengaruh JobSpecilazation dan Job Rotation terhadap Efektifitas kerja CV. Fadhel Teknik Kota Bogor. Metode survei yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dan data sekunder diperoleh dari link dokumen inventaris CV. Fadhel Teknik Kota Bogor. Sampel pada penelitan ini adalah 50 orang responden pegawai CV. Fadhel Teknik Kota Bogor. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linear sederhana, berganda sampai uji hipotesis simultan (F) dan parsial (T). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukan pengaruh Job Specialization terhadap Efektifitas kerja dengan nilai R = 0,129, hal ini menunjukan bahwa pengaruh antara variabel X1 (Job Specialization) dan Y (Efektifitas Kerja) adalah Positif tetapi tidak signikan. Hasil koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,004 atau (0,4%) dengan persamaan regresinya adalah Y = 33,147+ 0,104X1 dan uji T hipotesis parsial dengan T hitung = 0,901&lt; T tabel = 1,677, maka Ho diterima (Ha ditolak) berarti bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Job Specialization (X1) dan terhadap efektifitas Kerja (Y). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukan pengaruh Job Rotation terhadap Efektifitas Kerja dengan nilai R = 0,369, hal ini menunjukan bahwa pengaruh antara variabel X2 (Komunikasi) dan Y (Efektifitas Kerja) adalah Rendah dan Positif. Hasil koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,118 atau (11,8%) dengan persamaan regresinya adalah Y = 50.997 - 0,613 X2 dan uji T hipotesis parsial dengan T hitung =(Y) T hitung = 2.750 &gt; T tabel = 1,677 maka Ho ditolak (Ha diterima). bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel Job Rotation (X2) terhadap Efektifitas Kerja (Y). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukan pengaruh Job Specialization dan Job Rotation Terhadap Efektifitas Kerja dengan nilai R = 0,371, hal ini menunjukan bahwa pengaruh antara variabel X1 (Job Specialization) dan variabel X2 (Job Rotation) terhadap Y (Efektifitas Kerja) adalah rendah dan Positif. Hasil koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,101 atau (10,1%) dengan persamaan regresinya adalah Y= 49,379 + 0.33X1 +596X2 dan uji F hipotesis simultan dengan F hitung = 3753, &gt; F tabel = 3,20 maka Ho ditolak (Ha diterima) berarti bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara variabel Kepuasan Kerja (X1) dan Komunikasi (X2) secara simultan terhadap EfektifitasKerja (Y).
ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN BERDASARKAN RASIO LIKUIDITAS, SOLVABILITAS, DAN RENTABILITAS PADA SEKTOR PERBANKAN
Authors: Nurul Nurul , Suharti Titing , Nurhayati Immas 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2013-2018. Analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rasio keuangan yaitu Quick Ratio, Investing Policy Ratio, Cash Ratio, Primary Ratio, Risk Assets Ratio, Secondary Risk Ratio, Gross Profit Margin, Net Profit Margin, dan Return On Equity. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis data kuantitatif, sedangkan sumber data menggunakan data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi pustaka (Library Research). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa kinerja keuangan pada Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk dan Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk selama enam tahun pada Rasio Likuiditas terhadap Bank Negara Indonesia yang terdiri atas Quick Ratio, Investing Policy Ratio dan Cash Ratio memiliki rata-rata sebesar 25,04%, 5,45%, dan 21,98%. Pada Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk memilki rata-rata quick ratio sebesar 34,14%, Investing Policy Ratio sebesar 10,02%, dan Cash Ratio sebesar 59,27% diatas giro 5%. Perusahaan disarankan dalam menggunakan rasio keuangan sehingga pada rasio likuiditas yang diperoleh agar tetap diatas 5%. Pada rasio solvabilitas disarankan dapat memberikan laba dan menekankan angka pada hutang yang lebih baik. Sedangkan rasio rentabilitas pihak manajemen untuk mengawasi dan meningkatkan kinerjanya.
PENGARUH MEDIA LEAFLET MENGENAI GIZI BALITA TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU DI DESA GUNUNG SARI KECAMATAN PAMIJAHAN KABUPATEN BOGOR TAHUN 2018
Authors: Ariyani Ludya Devi , Pertiwi Fenti Dewi , Sari Merry Maeta 
Published: January 2021

Balita termasuk dalam golongan masyarakat rentan gizi, sedangkan pada saat ini mereka sedang mengalami proses pertumbuhan yang relatif pesat, pengetahuan ibu merupakan salah satu faktor terpenting dalam pemenuhan gizi pada balita, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanyapengaruh penyuluhan menggunakan media leaflet mengenai gizi balita terhadap pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi balita di Posyandu Dahlia Desa Gunung Sari Kecamatan Pamijahan Kabupaten Bogor.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Pre Eksperimen dengan rancangan One Group Pre Test-Post Test Design. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner danmedia. Tekhnik pengambilan sampel dengan metode Purposive Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan yang signifikan pada ibu balita (p value) = 0,000 sebelum dan setelah diberikan penyuluhan dengan media leaflet menggunakan uji t test dependen.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, saran yang dapat diberikan adalah Puskesmas Pamijahan dapat memberikan pelatihan kepada para kader agar kader terintervensi dengan baik. serta mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi balita. Bagi peneliti lain disarankan melakukanpenelitian menggunakan metode dan media lain yang lebih inovatif.