bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective Initiative to Reduce Mucosal Barrier Injuries and Bloodstream Infections in Patients With Hematologic Malignancy Receiving Inpatient Chemotherapy
Authors: Reed Daniel , Sen Jeremy , Lassiter Katie , Thomas Tanya , Harr Erin , Daniels Elizabeth , Keng Michael 
Published: January 2020

PURPOSE: Mucosal barrier injury (MBI) occurs during periods of prolonged neutropenia in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies. This can lead to laboratory-confirmed bloodstream infections (LCBIs) and subsequent complications, including sepsis, organ failure, and possible death. There are no published prevention strategies for MBI. The purpose of our proposal was to decrease our MBI-LCBI events per month by 25%. METHODS: A multidisciplinary team was assembled to achieve this proposal. Cause-and-effect diagrams in addition to Pareto charts were used to investigate potential interventions. Using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles, multiple tests of change were designed over the course of 3 years. RESULTS: The number of baseline events per month for MBI-LCBIs was 1.1. With the completion of the first PDSA cycle, the MBI-LCBI events dropped to 1.0 event per month. A second PDSA cycle involving implementation of an oral care kit improved to 0.35 events per month. This unfortunately was not sustained, and a root cause analysis demonstrated that physician noncompliance with ordering the oral kit was the main reason. After the change of a physician-driven protocol to a nurse-driven protocol, the third PDSA cycle resulted in a decrease in MBI-LCBI events to 0.89 events per month. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first published report of an intervention to prevent MBI-LCBI events. Through a multidisciplinary approach and with quality improvement tools, we were able to demonstrate a significant reduction in MBI-LCBI events.
The Effect of Increased Intraocular Pressure During Steep Trendelenburg Positioning in Robotic Prostatectomy and Hysterectomy on Structural and Functional Ocular Parameters
Authors: Awad Hamdy , Bai Michael , Ramadan Mohamed Ehab , Shabsigh Ahmad , Backes Floor , Craven Mary Abigail , Abdel-Rasoul Mahmoud , Bergese Sergio D. , Slabaugh Mark 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND:
Robotic prostatectomy and robotic hysterectomy require steep Trendelenburg positioning. Many authors documented significant increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) during steep Trendelenburg. However, the long-term biological effect of a significant increase in IOP on the structural and functional ocular system is unknown. This study examines the effect of a significant increase in IOP on the visual acuity, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in 52 patients without preexisting ocular disease of both genders before and 3 months after their procedures.

METHODS:
This was a prospective cohort study. The total number of patients included was 56, then 3 females and 1 male case were excluded, totaling 28 robotic hysterectomies and 24 robotic prostatectomies were performed. Patients underwent complete eye examination before the procedure and 3 months after, measuring the main outcome of RNFLT and the secondary outcomes of GCC thickness, foveal threshold (FT), mean deviation (MD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD). These outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models. On the day of surgery, we examined the IOP after induction of anesthesia, at the end of steep Trendelenburg, and in the recovery room.

RESULTS:
There were significant differences in IOP values at the end of steep Trendelenburg versus after induction and 45–60 minutes post-awakening (P < .001 for both groups). No difference between IOP 45 and 60 minutes post-awakening and IOP after induction was observed in either group. The highest IOPs occurred at the end of the steep Trendelenburg time point for both groups. The mean duration of steep Trendelenburg in robotic prostatectomy was 184.6 minutes (standard deviation [SD] = 30.8), while the mean duration in robotic hysterectomy was 123.0 minutes (SD = 29.8). All ophthalmologic examinations were normal preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. The ocular parameters in the retina and optic disk did not differ significantly before surgery and 3 months after.

CONCLUSIONS:
There is a significant increase in IOP during steep Trendelenburg positioning. There was no significant difference in the ocular parameters examined 3 months after the procedure in this cohort.
First data on microflora of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests from the coastlines of Sicily (Italy)
Authors: Gambino Delia , Persichetti Maria Flaminia , Gentile Antonino , Arculeo Marco , Visconti Giulia , Currò Vittoria , Caracappa Giulia , Crucitti Daniela , Piazza Antonio , Mancianti Francesca , Nardoni Simona , Vicari Domenico , Caracappa Santo 
Published: January 2020

Caretta caretta is threatened by many dangers in the Mediterranean basin, but most are human related. The purpose of this research were: i) to investigate microflora in samples from six loggerhead sea turtle nests located on the Sicilian coast; and ii) to understand microbial diversity associated with nests, with particular attention to bacteria and fungi involved in failed hatchings.
During the 2016 and 2018 summers, 456 eggs and seven dead hatchling from six nests were collected. We performed bacteriological and mycological analyses on 88 egg samples and seven dead hatchlings, allowing us to isolate: Fusarium spp. (80.6%), Aeromonas hydrophila (55.6%), Aspergillus spp. (27.2%) and Citrobacter freundii (9%). Two Fusarium species were identified by microscopy and were confirmed by PCR and ITS sequencing. Statistical analyses showed significant differences between nests and the presence/absence of microflora, whereas no significance differences were observed between eggs and nests.
This is the first report that catalogues microflora from C. caretta nests/eggs in the Mediterranean Sea, and provides key information on potential pathogens that may affect hatching success. Moreover, our results suggest the need for wider investigations over extensive areas to identify other microflora, and to better understand hatching failures and mortality related to microbial contamination in this important turtle species.
Evaluation and Management of Sports-Related Lacerations of the Head and Neck
Authors: Hyden Andrew , Tennison Matthew 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSoft tissue injuries to the head and neck are a common occurrence in sports. These anatomical regions are somewhat predisposed because of the “athletic stance” that is utilized in many close-contact sports. Although appropriate use of protective equipment, including mouth guards, helmets, and face shields, has reduced the incidence and severity of these injuries, they still occur regularly. To provide appropriate medical care, one must possess adequate knowledge of the superficial and deep anatomical structures, fundamental knowledge and skill in regard to wound care, and awareness of potential poor outcomes related to lacerations of unique structures, such as the mouth, eye, or ear.
Prioritizing Physical Activity in Schools: Educational Leaders’ Perspectives
Authors: Lounsbery Monica A.F. , McKenzie Thomas L. , Thompson Hannah R. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the perspectives of diverse school leaders relative to feasible physical activity (PA) policies and practices.

Objectives
Our main objective was to identify barriers to school PA and find creative solutions for overcoming them. A secondary objective was to assess school leaders’ perspectives on the integration of health and education as a function of ASCD’s (the largest professional organization for education leaders in the United States) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child model.

Methods
We held three focus groups from a convenience sample of ASCD school leaders (n = 20) from Washington, Oregon, and California. They were stratified by their experiential backgrounds (i.e., school, district, and varied-context levels), and we used a standardized protocol and script. Audio records were transcribed, and data were analyzed using the constant comparative method.

Results
Time requirements for other subject areas were identified as the primary barrier to school PA, and the absence of clear physical education (PE) outcomes was cited as cause for the marginalization of PE. Developing clear PE outcomes, especially focusing on physical fitness and PA, was posited as a solution. Participants agreed that numerous school opportunities for PA were needed, but legal liability was a concern. Although they supported subject matter content integration, leaders at all levels lacked familiarity with the Whole School, Whole Community, Whole Child model.

Conclusions
Limited time during the day is the greatest barrier to PA in schools, and programs without specific outcomes are allocated less time. Leaders recognize the importance of having multiple PA program opportunities and PE having clear outcomes.

Implications for Policy
School leaders from diverse levels should be enlisted when designing PA policy and practice. Policies that include measurable outcomes for PE may serve as a catalyst for improving programs.
The effectiveness and characteristics of pregnancy yoga interventions: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Corrigan Lisa , Eustace-Cook Jessica , Moran Patrick , Daly Deirdre 
Published: January 2020

Background: The purpose of this review is to systematically examine the reported clinical effectiveness of pregnancy yoga. The review will use the FITT (frequency, intensity, time/duration and type) principle of physical activity to characterise the different types of yoga interventions that have been evaluated in the included studies. Studies will be categorised as effectiveness or efficacy studies and this continuum of efficacy versus effectiveness will be incorporated into the full review. Methods/design: The following electronic databases will be searched using a detailed search strategy: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, WHOLiS, AMED, ScieLo, ASSIA and Web of Science. Randomised control trials and quasi-experimental studies examining pregnancy yoga and reporting on effect will be included. Titles, abstracts and full articles will be screened by two investigators independently to identify eligible studies. The Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Assessment tool will be used to assess study quality. Quality of the evidence will be evaluated using the GRADE criteria. A standardised data extraction form will be used to extract data. Effect sizes will be estimated using mean differences for continuous outcomes, and relative risks for dichotomous outcome. Where possible, pooling of effect estimates will be done using a random effect model. The outcomes of interest are quality of life, stress, anxiety, depression, mode of birth, labour duration and pain management in labour. Discussion: This review will synthesise the best available evidence on the effectiveness of yoga during pregnancy and provide valuable high-quality information for clinicians and health policymakers. Findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at relevant conference proceedings. The review will make recommendations for the appropriate volume, intensity and type of pregnancy yoga for maximum effect and may have implications for policy and practice relating to pregnancy yoga as an intervention. Registration: PROSPERO, CRD42019119916. Registered on 11th January 2019.
Automatic Recognition of Porcine Abnormalities Based on a Sound Detection and Recognition System
Authors: Zhang Sunan , Tian Jianyan , Banerjee Amit , Li Jiangli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. With the rapid development of large-scale breeding, manual long-term monitoring of the daily activities and health of livestock is costly and time-consuming. Therefore, the application of bio-acoustics to automatic monitoring has received increasing attention. Although bio-acoustical techniques have been applied to the recognition of animal sounds in many studies, there is a dearth of studies on the automatic recognition of abnormal sounds from farm animals. In this study, an automatic detection and recognition system based on bio-acoustics is proposed to hierarchically recognize abnormal animal states in a large-scale pig breeding environment. In this system, we extracted the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) and subband spectrum centroid (SSC) as composite feature parameters. At the first level, support vector data description (SVDD) is used to detect abnormal sounds in the acoustic data. At the second level, a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) is used to classify five kinds of abnormal sounds in pigs. Furthermore, improved spectral subtraction is developed to reduce the noise interference as much as possible. Experimental results show that the average detection accuracy and the average recognition accuracy of the proposed system are 94.2% and 95.4%, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed sound detection and recognition system was also verified through tests at a pig farm. Keywords: Abnormal sounds, MFCC, SSC, States of pigs, SVDD.
Effects of a Pretreatment Combining Rubbing with Dilute Alkali on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis-Reducing Sugar Yield and Structure of Rice Straw
Authors: Liu Yutao , Chai Xicun , Chi Mingmei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Current pretreatments to digest cellulose straw are characterized by high energy consumption, environmental pollution, and other problems that limit straw biomass utilization. In this work, a rice straw rubbing pretreatment that is less energy-intensive than existing pretreatments is proposed to partly destroy the silicon layer. The rubbing pretreatment did not significantly increase the enzymatic hydrolysis-reducing sugar production rate of rice straw, but it enhanced the effect of subsequent dilute alkali pretreatment. The enzymatic hydrolysis-reducing sugar production rate after combined rubbing and alkali pretreatment was 33.63%, which was significantly higher than the rates achieved with original straw and with dilute alkali pretreatment alone. Rubbing pretreatment removed 33.40% of the surface silicon from the straw. This was significantly higher than the removal rates for original straw and dilute alkali pretreatment alone, but there was no marked difference in removal rate between the rubbing pretreatment and the combined rubbing and alkali pretreatment. The results indicate that rubbing pretreatment is an effective way to promote the efficiency of alkali pretreatment, and combined rubbing and alkali pretreatment greatly enhances the efficient utilization of rice straw.Highlights33.40% of the silicon layer on the surface of rice straw was removed by the rubbing pretreatment.Cracks caused by the rubbing pretreatment are beneficial for chemical reagents to access the inner composites.The rubbing pretreatment could enhance the efficiency of follow-up treatments for rice straw. Keywords: Rice straw, Rubbing pretreatment, Silicon layer, Sugar yield, Structure.
Short Communication: Use of Geographic Information System for mapping of Aquilaria malaccensis land suitability in North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: RAHMAWATY RAHMAWATY , SINTIKE FRASTIKA  , RUTH MARIA ELTIANA MARPAUNG  , RIDWANTI BATUBARA  , ABDUL RAUF  
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Rahmawaty, Frastika S, Marpaung RME, Batubara R, Rauf A. 2019. Short Communication: Use of Geographic Information System for mapping of Aquilaria malaccensis land suitability in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2561-2568. The Geographic Information System (GIS) can be applicated in the field of forestry and agriculture, such as for mapping as part of land evaluation. The land suitability of Aquilaria malaccensis in the agroforestry land of North Sumatra Province is important. Commonly, A. malaccensis were planted by the community in Langkat and Deli Serdang District. This study aimed to map the land suitability for A. malaccensis in Telaga Village, Sei Bingai Sub District, Langkat District, Peria-ria Village and Sari Laba Jahe Village, Biru-biru Sub District, Deli Serdang District. A survey method was used to collect soil samples in the field. Land suitability classification (LSC) for A. malaccensis was evaluated based on the matching method. The results showed that the actual land suitability classes for A. malaccensis in Telaga Village were moderately suitable (S2) and marginally suitable (S3). The actual land suitability classes for A. malaccensis in Peria-ria Village and Sari Laba Jahe Village were moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3) and not suitable (N). There were several limiting factors in land suitability evaluation in the area, namely: nutrient retention (nr), erosion hazard (eh), and root zone medium (rc).
Explaining variation in evidence-based policy making in the American states
Authors: Yingling Dylan L. , Mallinson Daniel J. 
Published: January 2020

Background: Though evidence-based policy (EBP) has attracted considerable attention from the public, academics, and governments, prior studies have revealed little about how political parties, institutions, and policy context shape the adoption and implementation of these policies in the American states.
Aims and objectives: Develop objective criteria for measuring these policies, as well as a hierarchy which describes the features that make some policies more advanced. This paper presents the first comprehensive study on EBP in the American states.
Methods: Using assessments by the Pew and MacArthur foundations to measure EBP in the states for four topics: criminal justice, juvenile justice, behavioural health, and child welfare. Assess the relationship between EBP use and state political and institutional factors.
Results: Democratic governors, Republican legislatures, state innovativeness are significant predictors of EBP engagement.
Discussion and conclusions: This research makes a substantial contribution to the study of EBP and opens new avenues for future research on the political, cultural, and institutional factors that influence EBP adoption and implementation. In an era of extreme partisanship, our study finds that EBP is a policy niche where actors and institutions across political parties use research evidence to inform effective and efficient policies in ways that maximise the electoral incentives that such policies can offer.
Effect of an optical coating on in-band and out-of-band transmitted and reflected wavefront error measurements
Authors: Carlow Graham , Sullivan Brian T. , Montcalm Claude , Miles Alexander 
Published: January 2020

The wavefront error (WE) of a surface with an optical coating (“filter”) is ideally measured at the in-band wavelength of the filter. However, quite often this is not possible, requiring that the filter be measured at an out-of-band wavelength (typically 633 nm), assuming that the filter transmits (for transmitted WE, or TWE) or reflects (for reflected WE, or RWE) at this wavelength. This out-of-band TWE/RWE is generally assumed to provide a good estimation of the desired in-band TWE/RWE. It will be shown in this paper that this is not the case for a large class of filters (i.e., bandpass) where the group delay is significantly different at the in-band and out-of-band wavelengths and where the optical filter exhibits a thickness non-uniformity across the surface. A theoretical explanation will be given along with an approach to predict the in-band TWE/RWE based on the coating non-uniformity, the measured out-of-band TWE/RWE, and the theoretical properties of the optical filter at the in-band and out-of-band wavelengths. A reasonable agreement between theory and measurement was demonstrated by measuring the TWE of an 11 nm wide bandpass filter (centered at 1048 nm) at both in-band (

λ
=

1048

n
m

) and out-of-band (

λ
=

625

n
m

) wavelengths. A similar treatment is provided for RWE.
The key elements of cultural intelligence as a driver for digital leadership success
Authors: Rüth René , Netzer Torsten 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn today‘s globalized economy, being successful in an industry almost necessarily implies an international approach of doing business. Restricting one’s economic activities to the domestic market will ultimately lead to disadvantages in comparison to multinational companies which are able to grow rapidly in emerging markets. The digital transformation further increases the possibilities for companies that operate across national borders and has become the enabler to serve customers all around the world and increase the responsiveness of the business in all areas. At the same time this fact further increases the pressure on companies driving global hypercompetition. In order to survive in this globalized, hypercompetitive world companies need to embrace the opportunity and internationalize their business. One of the main tools for successfully operating in different business cultures is the ability to manage the workforce in an international environment. Not only the foreignness of the new markets a company is operating in but also the different cultures of the team members are challenging modern leaders. The concept of cultural intelligence (CQ) provides the toolset to manage a diverse workforce from various cultural backgrounds within one organizational framework. CQ will be explained and its importance for digital leadership will be discussed. Especially when communication across borders and interaction between members and customers from different cultural background happens in real-time it is important to understand and interpret behavior correctly and communicate or act with a high and flexible cultural awareness. This is where the paper will line out that CQ has become an important tool for leadership success in a digital world and will explain the key elements of CQ with the highest influence on leadership in this digital setting.
Space-to-face (S2F) hospitality in spaces and places
Authors: Höykinpuro Ritva , Yrjölä Mika 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study investigates how spaces and places with no human interaction convey a sense of hospitality – a phenomenon we term space-to-face (S2F) hospitality. By problematizing the traditional conceptualizations of hospitality that emphasize the role of human interaction, this study aims to highlight the spatial aspects of hospitality. Physical environment has commonly been investigated only as one dimension of hospitality. However, spaces and places where there is nothing but the physical environment to convey a sense of hospitality are becoming increasingly common. For instance, railway or bus stations with ticket machines have no human interaction but a space and a place to convey a sense of being welcome or unwelcome. Using a participant-generated photography, this study was built on empirical data from 46 participants, who provided 234 photos and associated descriptions of perceived hospitality in spaces and places. As a result, we found six dimensions under macro and micro layers that capture S2F hospitality: domesticity, cleanliness, safety and security, restrictedness, intactness, and functionality. As a contribution, this study broadens the views on hospitality, and explores the concept of S2F hospitality that is relevant to for all types of spaces and places.