bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage for distal malignant obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
Authors: Miller Corey S. , Barkun Alan N. , Martel Myriam , Chen Yen-I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biliary drainage (BD) is increasingly used for distal malignant biliary obstruction, yet its safety and efficacy compared to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) remain unclear. We performed a meta-analysis to improve our understanding of the role of EUS-BD in this patient population.
Methods We searched Embase, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and ISI Web of Knowledge through September 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing EUS-BD to ERCP-BD or PTBD as treatment of distal malignant biliary obstruction. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were combined using random effects models. The primary outcome was risk of stent/catheter dysfunction requiring reintervention.
Results Of six trials identified, three (n = 222) compared EUS-BD to ERCP-BD for first-line therapy; three others (n = 132) evaluated EUS-BD versus PTBD after failed ERCP-BD. EUS-BD was associated with a decreased risk of stent/catheter dysfunction overall (RR, 0.39; 95 %CI 0.27 – 0.57) and in planned subgroup analysis when compared to ERCP (RR, 0.41; 95 %CI 0.23 – 0.74) or PTBD (RR, 0.37, 95 %CI 0.22 – 0.61). Compared to ERCP, EUS was associated with a decreased risk of post-procedure pancreatitis (RR, 0.12; 95 %CI 0.01 – 0.97). No differences were noted in technical or clinical success.
Conclusions In a meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing EUS-BD to conventional biliary drainage modalities, no difference in technical or clinical success was observed. Importantly, EUS-BD was associated with decreased risks of stent/catheter dysfunction when compared to both PTBD and ERCP, and decreased post-procedure pancreatitis when compared to ERCP, suggesting the potential role for EUS-BD as an alternative first-line therapy in distal malignant biliary obstruction.
Diagnostic Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Arthrography for Intra-Articular Pathologies of the Hip Joint
Authors: Lerch Solveig , Lorenz Janne , Kasperczyk Andreas , Rühmann Oliver 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction In no other country magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is as frequently used as in Germany. The studyʼs aim is to analyse a daily referral procedure for hip MRI in German healthcare and to estimate ineffective costs for the healthcare system.
Material and Methods Over one year 203 consecutive MRIs of the hip joint were analysed retrospectively. Referrals were reviewed for their indications, e.g. prevalence of MRIs to detect intra-articular pathologies in the German population was estimated with data of three health insurances.
Results No indication was noted on 21% of the referrals to MRI. On 66% of the referrals a reasonable indications could be identified. There were more uncertainties of the indications for arthrographies. Collecting data concerning the prevalence of MRI for intra-articular hip pathologies is difficult due to the lack of precise diagnosis and procedure coding. The expendable costs caused by MRI of the hip joint amount from 800,000 to 2.4 million € during a one year period.
Discussion Medical referrals should be used thoroughly for communication between referrers and radiologists. Contribution of the letter of referral to health economics is underestimated. To improve estimation of prevalences in the diagnostics of intra-articular hip pathologies, precise diagnosis and procedure codings are needed.
Trends in Total Hip Arthroplasty in Germany from 2007 to 2016: What Has Changed and Where Are We Now?
Authors: Klug Alexander , Gramlich Yves , Hoffmann Reinhard , Pfeil Joachim , Drees Philipp , Kutzner Karl Philipp 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The number of total hip arthroplasties (THA) is rising in many industrialized nations. At the same time, the evidence regarding different types of prostheses and fixation techniques is constantly evolving. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze changes in THA by these advancements during the last decade.
Methods A retrospective analysis of data provided by the Federal Statistical Office of Germany from 2007 to 2016 was conducted using codes from the German procedure classification system and associated International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems codes. THA procedures were evaluated according to diagnoses, sex, and age of patients, along with the distribution of different prosthesis types. Additionally, changes in these parameters over time were analyzed.
Results From 2007 to 2016 a total of 2 157 041 primary THA procedures were performed in Germany, with an increase of 14.4% over this period. Overall, cementless standard THA (STHA) was used most frequently (50.0%), followed by hybrid variants (18.8%), hemiarthroplasties (15.9%), cemented standard THA (cSTHA; 9.2%), cementless short-stem THA (ssTHA; 4.8%), and hip resurfacing (HR; 0.9%) techniques. During the study period, the number of cSTHA and HR decreased significantly, whereas the use of STHA and ssTHA rose substantially, with a significantly higher application of these procedures in the elderly population. While osteoarthritis of the hip joint was the main indication for THA, several procedure-specific differences were identified.
Conclusion The present data clearly demonstrate an increase in the use of cementless fixation for THA in Germany during the last decade and document a rise in ssTHA in recent years with, in contrast, the use of HR decreasing to a minimum.
Advanced imaging for detection and differentiation of colorectal neoplasia: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline – Update 2019
Authors: Bisschops Raf , East James E. , Hassan Cesare , Hazewinkel Yark , Kamiński Michał F. , Neumann Helmut , Pellisé Maria , Antonelli Giulio , Bustamante Balen Marco , Coron Emmanuel , Cortas Georges , Iacucci Marietta , Yuichi Mori , Longcroft-Wheaton Gaius , Mouzyka Serguei , Pilonis Nastazja , Puig Ignasi , van Hooft Jeanin E. , Dekker Evelien 
Published: November 2019

Main Recommendations
1 ESGE suggests that high definition endoscopy, and dye or virtual chromoendoscopy, as well as add-on devices, can be used in average risk patients to increase the endoscopist’s adenoma detection rate. However, their routine use must be balanced against costs and practical considerations.Weak recommendation, high quality evidence.
2 ESGE recommends the routine use of high definition systems in individuals with Lynch syndrome.Strong recommendation, high quality evidence.
3 ESGE recommends the routine use, with targeted biopsies, of dye-based pancolonic chromoendoscopy or virtual chromoendoscopy for neoplasia surveillance in patients with long-standing colitis.Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.
4 ESGE suggests that virtual chromoendoscopy and dye-based chromoendoscopy can be used, under strictly controlled conditions, for real-time optical diagnosis of diminutive (≤ 5 mm) colorectal polyps and can replace histopathological diagnosis. The optical diagnosis has to be reported using validated scales, must be adequately photodocumented, and can be performed only by experienced endoscopists who are adequately trained, as defined in the ESGE curriculum, and audited.Weak recommendation, high quality evidence.
5 ESGE recommends the use of high definition white-light endoscopy in combination with (virtual) chromoendoscopy to predict the presence and depth of any submucosal invasion in nonpedunculated colorectal polyps prior to any treatment. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.
6 ESGE recommends the use of virtual or dye-based chromoendoscopy in addition to white-light endoscopy for the detection of residual neoplasia at a piecemeal polypectomy scar site. Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.
7 ESGE suggests the possible incorporation of computer-aided diagnosis (detection and characterization of lesions) to colonoscopy, if acceptable and reproducible accuracy for colorectal neoplasia is demonstrated in high quality multicenter in vivo clinical studies. Possible significant risks with implementation, specifically endoscopist deskilling and over-reliance on artificial intelligence, unrepresentative training datasets, and hacking, need to be considered. Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.
Role of Maternal Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulin in Graves' Disease for Predicting Perinatal Thyroid Dysfunction
Authors: Cui Yiwen , Rijhsinghani Asha 
Published: November 2019

Objective To assess maternal thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) as a predictor of neonatal thyroid hyperthyroidism in pregnancies complicated by Graves' disease.
Methods This is a 10-year retrospective study of patients with a history of Graves' disease and elevated TSI activity level defined as 1.3 times the normal. All subjects underwent cordocentesis for ultrasound findings of suspected fetal thyrotoxicosis (fetal tachycardia, oligohydramnios, hydrops, and thyromegaly). Neonatal diagnosis was made based on neonatal thyroid function testing or symptoms.
Results Fourteen patients were included in the study, seven with active Graves' disease requiring antithyroid drug (“ATD group”) and seven with iatrogenic hypothyroidism on levothyroxine (“levothyroxine group”). Four cases (57%) of neonatal thyrotoxicosis were diagnosed in the levothyroxine group compared with two cases (28%) in the ATD group. The lowest maternal TSI level at which a neonate did not develop hyperthyroidism was 2.6 for the levothyroxine group and 2.5 for the ATD group. The odds ratio of a neonate from the levothyroxine group developing hyperthyroidism compared with one from the ATD group is 3.3 (95% confidence interval: 0.4–30.7).
Conclusion For patients with Graves' disease, those with iatrogenic hypothyroidism and TSI > 2.5 times the basal level are at the highest risk for neonatal thyrotoxicosis.
Therapeutic targeting of tumor-associated myeloid cells synergizes with radiation therapy for glioblastoma
Authors: Zhang Peng , Miska Jason , Lee-Chang Catalina , Rashidi Aida , Panek Wojciech K. , An Shejuan , Zannikou Markella , Lopez-Rosas Aurora , Han Yu , Xiao Ting , Pituch Katarzyna C. , Kanojia Deepak , Balyasnikova Irina V. , Lesniak Maciej S. 
Published: November 2019

Significance
Tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) are a key driver of immunosuppression and therapy resistance in glioblastoma (GBM). The fact that TAMCs compose up to 50% of the brain tumor mass further highlights the urgent need to develop therapeutic strategy for effective targeting of TAMCs in GBM. Here we report a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) platform capable of actively targeting and delivering therapeutics to mouse and human TAMCs by recognizing highly expressed PD-L1 in TAMCs. We show that LNP encapsulated with dinaciclib robustly eliminated TAMCs from glioma and significantly extended survival of mice in glioma models in combination with radiation therapy. This nanomedicine platform holds great potential for improved treatment of GBM and rapid translation into clinical practice.
Expectations vs. experience
Authors: Seeber Kilian G. , Keller Laura , Amos Rhona , Hengl Sophie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The attitudes of interpreters providing video remote conference interpreting during the 2014 FIFA World Cup™ was
analyzed using a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative and qualitative data pertaining to six deductive categories (general and
specific attitudes towards remote interpreting, attitudes towards the work environment and the workspace, psychological and
physiological wellbeing) were collected. Online questionnaires were completed both before and after the event and structured
interviews were conducted on site during the event. Triangulation of results corroborates the technical feasibility of video
remote interpreting, whilst highlighting aspects with a high potential to shape interpreters’ attitudes towards it. The quality of
the technical team on site along with the availability of visual input in the entire conference room (including all speakers
taking the floor) is key to offsetting the feeling of alienation or lack of immersion experienced by interpreters working with
this technical setup. Suggestions for the improvement of key parameters are provided.
It’s hard to betalented
Authors: Taft Marcus , Li Sonny 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn a visual lexical decision task, recognition is shown in two experiments to be harder for possessional adjectives that look like they are inflected verbs (e.g.,talented) than for genuine inflected verbs (e.g.,consulted), especially when the nonword distractors have real-word stems (e.g.,infanted). Such a result implies that inflected words do not have a form-based whole word representation, but are recognized when functional information associated with their stem and affix is recombined after decomposition. A third experiment goes on to demonstrate that the addition of the verb suffix -ingto the noun stem of such pseudo-verb-stem words (i.e.,talenting) leads to more erroneous classifications as a real word than when the stem is another type of noun (e.g.,infanting). Moreover, a negative correlation is observed between the accuracy of recognition of the pseudo-verb-stem words and the classification as a nonword of the -ingversion of their stems. On the basis of these experiments, a model is proposed in which a pseudo-verb-stem word is recognized through a lexical representation of its stem that corresponds to a bound ornative verb and which is different to the representation used to recognize its free-standing noun version.
A Mobile App to Promote Alcohol and Drug SBIRT Skill Translation among Multi-Disciplinary Health Care Trainees: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Curtis Alexa C. , Satre Derek D. , Sarovar Varada , Wamsley Maria , Ly Khanh , Satterfield Jason 
Published: November 2019

Background Adherence to clinical practice guidelines for alcohol and drug screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is often inadequate. Mobile apps developed as clinical translation tools could improve the delivery of high fidelity SBIRT. Methods This study tested the effectiveness of an SBIRT mobile app conceptually aligned with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to support SBIRT delivery by health care trainees (nursing, social work, internal medicine, psychiatry, and psychology) working in clinical settings ( N = 101). Bivariate analyses examined the rate of SBIRT delivery between trainees assigned to the experimental (app) and control (no app) study conditions; as well as the relationship between TPB-based constructs, intention to deliver SBIRT, and screening rates. Results No significant differences were identified between the study conditions in SBIRT delivery. Significant correlations were found between intent to screen and TPB variables including attitudes/behavioral beliefs concerning substance use treatment ( r = .49, p = .01); confidence in clinical skills ( r = .36, p = .01); subjective norms ( r = .54, p = .01) and perceived behavioral control over appointment time constraints ( r = .42, p = .01). Also significant were correlations between percent of patients screened and confidence ( r = .24, p = .05); subjective norms ( r = .22, p = .05) and perceived behavioral control ( r = .28, p = .01). Conclusions The negative results of the study condition comparisons indicate the need for further investigation of strategies to optimize mobile app utilization, engagement, and effectiveness as a clinical translation tool. Findings of significant correlations between substance use screening rates and both norms and confidence support the potential value of the TPB model in explaining behavior of health care learners in SBIRT delivery.
Growth of term infants fed a commercial infant formula with a protein content of 2.2 g/100 kcal: an observational follow-up study
Authors: Jinno Shinji , Yamazaki Kae , Nakamura Yoshitaka , Kinouchi Toshi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
To evaluate the suitability of the new nutritional composition of renewed commercial Formula A (protein reduced to 2.2 g/100 kcal, arachidonic acid increased to 13.2 mg/100 kcal, and docosahexaenoic acid maintained at 20 mg/100 kcal), we examined whether the growth of Formula A-fed infants was equivalent to that of breastfed infants. In this observational study, 1,053 infants were followed-up to 12 months. Growth, stool consistency, and the health condition of 99 infants fed with Formula A and 295 breastfed infants were compared. Body weight, body mass index, and head circumference of Formula A-fed infants were similar to those of breastfed infants. Additionally, there were no differences in the stool consistency and the health condition (infection and allergy prevalence) between the two groups. Formula A-fed infants grew as well as breastfed infants, suggesting the appropriate nutritional composition of Formula A. The findings may contribute to further improvements in infant formulas.
Calibration of hygrometers at non-static conditions
Authors: Högström R , Salminen J , Heinonen M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The current practice of calibrating humidity sensors at discrete measurement points under static conditions is time-consuming, i.e. expensive, due to the long stabilization times. In order to reduce the calibration time, we introduce a new calibration method based on humidity ramp measurements, i.e. measurements are performed at first while humidity is increased with constant speed and then decreasing with the same speed. A calibration system based on the mixing flow humidity generation principle was developed for generating linear humidity ramps inside a measurement chamber. Two different calibration approaches were investigated. In the first one, high accuracy was targeted with moderate ramp speeds (2 h to 12 h) and a large volume measurement chamber using a chilled mirror hygrometer as a reference. In the second approach, a shorter calibration time was achieved with fast ramp speeds (0.5 h to 2 h) and a small volume chamber using a fast capacitive humidity sensor as a reference. The developed calibration procedure was validated by comparing results of non-static and static calibrations to each other for five different capacitive humidity sensors from two manufacturers. The non-static calibration was found to provide equivalent results compared to the static calibration with a potential of reducing the overall calibration time by up to 50%. Preconditions of the non-static calibration related to the ramp speed and sensors response times are discussed, and an estimation of the calibration uncertainty is given. The main advantage of the developed non-static calibration method is that calibrations can be performed faster and more data on the sensor behaviour is obtained than with the conventional point-wise calibration without any significant increase in uncertainty.
Estimation of squeezing in a nonlinear quadrature of a mechanical oscillator
Authors: Moore Darren W , Rakhubovsky Andrey A , Filip Radim 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Processing quantum information on continuous variables requires a highly nonlinear element in order to attain universality. Noise reduction in processing such quantum information involves the use of a nonlinear phase state as a non-Gaussian ancilla. A necessary condition for a nonlinear phase state to implement a nonlinear phase gate is that noise in a selected nonlinear quadrature should decrease below the level of classical states. A reduction of the variance in this nonlinear quadrature below the ground state of the ancilla, a type of nonlinear squeezing, is the resource embedded in these non-Gaussian states and a figure of merit for nonlinear quantum processes. Quantum optomechanics with levitating nanoparticles trapped in nonlinear optical potentials is a promising candidate to achieve such resources in a flexible way. We provide a scheme for reconstructing this figure of merit, which we call nonlinear squeezing, in standard linear quantum optomechanics, analysing the effects of mechanical decoherence processes on the reconstruction and show that all mechanical states which exhibit reduced noise in this nonlinear quadrature are nonclassical.
Photonic zero-energy modes in a metal-based Lieb lattice
Authors: Chen Ying , Chen Huanyang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We design a photonic tight-binding system using the dispersive background, and observe the noncompact photonic zero-energy modes for both monopole and dipolar states in a finite Lieb lattice with flat truncations. In such a photonic Lieb system, the compact localization of s, p, and d flat bands is also checked. We show that this photonic zero-energy mode is provided by one dispersive band for singular touching, which has the same frequency with the flat band states. Specially, the zero-energy mode can be completely excited by merely one point source at the flat band frequency, covering all the minority sites and forming a noncompact state. This work may provide a deep understanding about the photonic zero-energy mode for higher order states in the Lieb or other flat band models.
Vocational Role as Supporting 21th Century Skill for Tourism Development in Igirmranak Village
Authors: Wahyu Noor Arifah Ika , Arifin Zainal 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims to examine the role needed to develop20th century skill as an existing support in the village of Igirmranak and also the development process in the future. This research is a type of literature study. The objectives of this study were the village head of Igirmranak and the Prau basecamp via Igirmranak. Data collection techniques using interviews, and library methods. The results of this study are knowledge and skills by people who need human resources who can continue to innovate, think creatively and critically. The era of industrial revolution 4.0 at the time of worshiping the community may be in terms of tourism development. The role of the parties is very much needed, providing training for citizens that continues to grow for the 20th century. In addition, collaboration can also be used for network and network needs. So, what will be pioneered and developed will not only follow the current trends, but will have special characters that are different from usual.
Developing a Lathe-Machining Module for the Grade XI Students of Machining Engineering Study Program At SMK N 2 Klaten
Authors: Setya Nugraha Afif , Paryanto  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to identify the stages or procedures in developing a lathe-machining module and examine the appropriateness level of the developed module. This was a Research and Development study employing the modified version of Thiagarajan’s 4D model, consisting of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating stages. This study was carried out in a state vocational high school SMK N 2 Klaten, particularly in Machining Engineering study program. The developed module proved appropriate based on the results of expert judgments and a user response test. Material expert I and II assessed the module in five aspects and gave a mean score of 3.53 and 3.56 respectively, indicating that the module was highly appropriate. A media expert validated the module in seven aspects and yielded a mean score of 3.74 (highly appropriate). Meanwhile, the user response test in two aspects resulted in a mean score of 3.41 (appropriate).