bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of acquired activated protein C resistance with the FibWave and comparison with the ETP‐based APC resistance
Authors: Evrard Jonathan , Morimont Laure , Didembourg Marie , Haguet Hélène , Siriez Romain , Dogné Jean‐Michel , Douxfils Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionActivated protein C (APC) resistance is a major risk factor of venous thrombosis which may be acquired by hormonal therapy or other causes. The FibWave, a sensitive global clot‐based assay design to analyze the coagulation kinetics in plasma, may be a good candidate to assess this prothrombotic state. This study aims to assess the suitability of the FibWave to differentiate the coagulation kinetics of women on oral contraceptives.Materials and methodsFifty‐four healthy volunteers were divided into 5 groups: men [n = 13], women not using hormonal contraception [n = 12], women using second [n = 12] or third generation [n = 12] combined oral contraceptives, and women using progestin only contraceptive [n = 5]. Patients with coagulation abnormalities were also assessed [n = 8]. The APC resistance was assessed on the FibWave using exogenous APC or Protac, and on the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram using the ETP‐based APC resistance assay.ResultsEither in presence or in absence of APC or Protac, the FibWave was able to detect a hypercoagulable state in plasma samples. All combined oral contraceptives showed a lower FW‐Max1, FW‐Max2, and FW‐Min2 percentage of inhibition and a lower FW‐Ttpeak ratio than the other groups. The sensitivity of the FibWave was similar to the one of the ETP‐based APC resistance assay.ConclusionThe FibWave is able to differentiate APC resistance levels observed in women on combined oral contraceptive. The FW‐Max1, FW‐Max2, and to a lesser degree FW‐Min2 were identified as the most sensitive parameters with a similar performance to the ETP‐based APC resistance assay.
Migrant workers in labour markets of Russian western borderlands
Authors: Lialina Anna V. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInternational labour migration has a substantial impact on the development of the labour market. The article presents the typology of the Russian western border regions by the sensitivity to social migration risks for their labour markets. More than half of these regions are sensitive to the risks of labour force marginalization and wage dumping. Labour markets with a significant share of foreign migrant workers, that is in St. Petersburg, the Nenetsky autonomous area, Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions, turned out to be the most sensitive to the manifestation of risks. The pressure of foreign migrant workers on the unemployed and native part‐time workers here is considerable with migrant earnings reaching up to 48.5% of the regional average. But these social risks are unlikely to materialize now since the labour market tension here is low. The least exposed areas are the city of Sevastopol and the Republic of Crimea.
Transparency in clinical trials: Adding value to paediatric dental research
Authors: Cenci Maximiliano Sérgio , Franco Marina Christ , Raggio Daniela Prócida , Moher David , Pereira‐Cenci Tatiana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundEven though considered as studies with high methodological power, many RCTs in paediatric dentistry do not have essential quality items in their design, development, and report, making results’ reliability questionable, replication challenging to conduct, wasting time, money, and efforts, and even exposing the participants to research for no benefit.AimWe addressed the main topics related to transparency in clinical research, with an emphasis in paediatric dentistry.DesignWe searched for all controlled clinical trials published from January 2019 up to July 2020 in the three paediatric dentistry journals with high journal Impact Factor, indexed on Medline. These papers were assessed for transparency according to Open Science practices and regarding reporting accuracy using some items required by CONSORT.Results53.6% of the studies declared registration, 75% had sample size calculation, 98.2% reported randomisation, and from those, 65.4% explained the randomisation method. Besides that, no study shared their data, and 6.8% were published in open access format.ConclusionsUnfortunately, a large proportion of RCTs in paediatric dental research show a lack of transparency and reproducibility.
Integrative literature review of evidence‐based patient‐centred care guidelines
Authors: Jardien‐Baboo Sihaam , van Rooyen Dalena (R.M.) , Ricks Esmeralda Jennifer , Jordan Portia Janine , ten Ham‐Baloyi Wilma 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTo summarize what facilitates patient‐centred care for adult patients in acute healthcare settings from evidence‐based patient‐centred care guidelines.DesignAn integrative literature review.Data sourcesThe following data sources were searched between 2002‐2020:Citation databases: CINAHL, Medline, Biomed Central, Academic Search Complete, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition and Google Scholar.Guideline databases: US National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guidelines International Network, and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE).Websites of guideline developers: Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Royal College of Nurses, Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, New Zealand Guidelines Group, National Health and Medical Research Council, and Canadian Medical Association. Guidelines.Review methodsWhittemore and Knafl's five‐step integrative literature review: (1) identification of research problem; (2) search of the literature; (3) evaluation of data; (4) analysis of data; and (5) presentation of results.ResultsFollowing critical appraisal, nine guidelines were included for data extraction and synthesis. The following three groups of factors were found to facilitate patient‐centred care: 1) Patient care practices: embracing values foundational to patient‐centred care, optimal communication in all aspects of care, rendering basic nursing care practices, and family involvement; 2) Educational factors: staff and patient education; and 3) Organizational and policy factors: organizational and managerial support, organizational champions, healthy work environment, and organizational structures promoting interdisciplinary partnership.ConclusionEvidence from included guidelines can be used by nurses, with the required support and buy‐in from management, to promote patient‐centred care.ImpactPatient‐centred care is essential for quality care. No other literature review has been conducted in the English language to summarize evidence‐based patient‐centred care guidelines. Patient care practices and educational, organizational, and policy factors promote patient‐centred care to improve quality of care and raise levels of awareness of patient‐centred care among nursing staff and patients.
Nursing competencies for family‐centred care in the hospital setting: A multinational Q‐methodology study
Authors: Hengeveld Bram , Maaskant Jolanda M. , Lindeboom Robert , Marshall Andrea P. , Vermeulen Hester , Eskes Anne M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimto identify: (1) nursing competencies for FCC in a hospital setting; and (2) to explore perspectives on these competencies among Dutch and Australian professionals including lecturers, researchers, Registered Nurses and policy makers.DesignA multinational cross‐sectional study using Q‐methodology.MethodsFirst, an integrative review was carried out to identify known competencies regarding FCC and to develop the Q‐set (search up to July 2018). Second, purposive sampling was used to ensure stakeholder involvement. Third, participants sorted the Q‐set using a web‐based system between May and August 2019. Lastly, the data were analysed using a by‐person factor analysis. The commentaries on the five highest and lowest ranked competencies were thematically analysed.ResultsThe integrative review identified 43 articles from which 72 competencies were identified. In total 69 participants completed the Q‐sorting. We extracted two factors with an explained variance of 24%. The low explained variance hampered labelling. Based on a post‐hoc qualitative analysis, four themes emerged from the competencies that were considered most important, namely: (a) believed preconditions for FCC; (b) promote a partnership between nurses, patients and families; (c) be a basic element of nursing; and (d) represent a necessary positive attitude and strong beliefs of the added value of FCC. Three themes appeared from the competencies that were considered least important because they: (a) were not considered a specific nursing competency; (b) demand a multidisciplinary approach; or (c) require that patients and families take own responsibility.ConclusionsAmong healthcare professionals, there is substantial disagreement on which nursing competencies are deemed most important for FCC.ImpactOur set of competencies can be used to guide education and evaluate practicing nurses in hospitals. These findings are valuable to consider different views on FCC before implementation of new FCC interventions into nursing practice.
Building a research team and selecting a research topic within the process of an inclusive research project in Spain
Authors: Haya Salmón Ignacio , Rojas Pernia Susana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn this paper, we illustrate the extent to which building an inclusive research team and the selection of a research topic, based on a collaborative group approach, constitute key elements of inclusive research.MethodThe selection and analysis of activities and methodological strategies, extracted from the recordings of the research meetings, offer clues about the creation of collaborative and deliberative research spaces.ResultsSome of the elements that reaffirm the inclusive nature of this research are as follows: contributions by all members of the research team receive equal recognition, the particular interests of all of those involved are taken into account and research strategies that are supported in different languages encourage the participation of all researchers.ConclusionsWe need to review our practices in order to identify the added value of this type of work and move towards research training proposals that promote the research ownership of people with intellectual disabilities.
Dexmedetomidine‐up‐regulated microRNA‐381 exerts anti‐inflammatory effects in rats with cerebral ischaemic injury via the transcriptional factor IRF4
Authors: Fang Hua , Li Hua‐Feng , Yan Jian‐Yong , Yang Miao , Zhang Jian‐Ping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDexmedetomidine (Dex) possesses analgesic and anaesthetic values and reported being used in cerebral ischaemic injury therapeutics. Accumulating studies have determined the effect of microRNAs (miRNAs) on the cerebral ischaemic injury. Thus, the present study aimed to unravel the molecular mechanism of miR‐381 and Dex in cerebral ischaemic injury. For this purpose, the cerebral ischaemic injury rat model was established by induction of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and expression of miR‐381 and IRF4 was determined. Thereafter, MCAO rats were treated with Dex, miR‐381 mimic, miR‐381 inhibitor and oe‐IRF4 respectively, followed by evaluation of neurological function. Furthermore, neuron cells were isolated from the hippocampus of rats and subjected to oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD). Then, OGD‐treated neuron cells and primary neuron cells were examined by gain‐ and loss‐of‐function assay. Neuron cell apoptosis was detected using TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. The correlation between interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) and interleukin (IL)‐9 was detected. Our results showed down‐regulated miR‐38 and up‐regulated IRF4 in MCAO rats. Besides, IRF4 was targeted by miR‐381 in neuron cells. Dex and overexpressed miR‐381, or silenced IRF4 improved the neurological function and inhibited neuron cell apoptosis in MCAO rats. Additionally, in MCAO rats, Dex was found to increase the miR‐381 expression and reduced IRF4 expression to decrease the IL‐9 expression, which suppressed the inflammatory response and cell apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, our study demonstrated that Dex elevated the expression of miR‐381, which ultimately results in the inhibition of inflammation response in rats with cerebral ischaemic injury.
Suppression of LETM1 inhibits the proliferation and stemness of colorectal cancer cells through reactive oxygen species–induced autophagy
Authors: Che Nan , Yang Zhaoting , Liu Xingzhe , Li Mengxuan , Feng Ying , Zhang Chengye , Li Chao , Cui Yan , Xuan Yanhua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLeucine zipper‐EF‐hand–containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that is highly expressed in various cancers. Although LETM1 is known to be associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC), its roles in autophagic cell death in CRC have not been explored. In this study, we examined the mechanisms through which LETM1 mediates autophagy in CRC. Our results showed that LETM1 was highly expressed in CRC tissues and that down‐regulation of LETM1 inhibited cell proliferation and induced S‐phase arrest. LETM1 silencing also suppressed cancer stem cell–like properties and induced autophagy in CRC cells. Additionally, the autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine reversed the inhibitory effects of LETM1 silencing on proliferation and stemness, whereas the autophagy activator rapamycin had the opposite effects. Mechanistically, suppression of LETM1 increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial ROS by regulation of SOD2, which in turn activated AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), initiated autophagy, and inhibited proliferation and stemness. Our findings suggest that silencing LETM1 induced autophagy in CRC cells by triggering ROS‐mediated AMPK/mTOR signalling, thus blocking CRC progression, which will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanism of LETM1 in CRC.
Transcriptome analysis in Takifugu rubripes and Dicentrarchus labrax gills during Cryptocaryon irritans infection
Authors: Cheng Jian‐xin , Xia Yu‐qing , Liu Ya‐fang , Liu Peng‐fei , Liu Ying 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTakifugu rubripes and Dicentrarchus labrax are important commercial fish in China that are under serious threat from Cryptocaryon irritans. C. irritans is a ciliated obligate parasite that causes marine white spot disease and leads to heavy economic losses. We analysed the transcriptome in the gills of T. rubripes and D. labrax to compare differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways during infection with C. irritans. In total, we identified 6,901 and 35,736 DEGs from T. rubripes and D. labrax, respectively. All DEGs were annotated into GO terms; 6,901 DEGs from T. rubripes were assigned into 991 sub‐categories, and 35,736 DEGs from D. labrax were assigned into 8,517 sub‐categories. We mapped DEGs to the KEGG database and obtained 153 and 350 KEGG signalling pathways from T. rubripes and D. labrax, respectively. Immune‐related categories included Toll‐like receptors, MAPK, lysosome, C‐type lectin receptor and NOD‐like receptor signalling pathways were significantly enriched pathways. In immune‐related signalling pathways, we found that AP‐1, P38, IL‐1β, HSP90 and PLA were significantly up‐regulated DEGs in T. rubripes, but P38 and PLA were significantly down‐regulated in D. labrax. In this study, transcriptome was used to analyse the difference between scaly and non‐scaly fish infection by C. irritans, which not only provided a theoretical basis for the infection mechanism of C. irritans, but also laid a foundation for effectively inhibiting the occurrence of this disease. Our work provides further insight into the immune response of host resistance to C. irritans.
Proactive therapeutic drug monitoring of adalimumab for pediatric Crohn's disease patients: A cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Yao Jiaqi , Jiang Xinchan , You Joyce H S 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimRecent clinical findings showed proactive therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of adalimumab (ADL) to improve sustained remission rate in pediatric patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The present study aimed to evaluate the potential cost‐effectiveness of proactive versus reactive TDM of ADL in pediatric patients with CD from the perspective of the US health‐care provider.MethodsA Markov model was constructed to estimate outcomes of proactive versus reactive TDM of ADL in a hypothetical cohort of pediatric CD patients who were in remission on ADL maintenance treatment. Model inputs were derived from published literature and public data. Model outcomes included CD‐related direct medical cost and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs). Sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the robustness of base‐case results.ResultsWhen compared with the reactive TDM group, the proactive TDM group saved 0.1960 QALYs at lower cost by USD2021 over a 3‐year time frame in base‐case analysis. One‐way sensitivity analysis showed the ADL drug cost to be the most influential factor. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis of 10 000 Monte‐Carlo simulations found the proactive TDM group to gain 0.1958 QALYs (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1950–0.1966; P < 0.001) and save USD2037 (95%CI USD1943–2131; P < 0.001).ConclusionsProactive TDM for ADL seems to gain higher QALYs at lower cost in pediatric CD patients.
Altered Regional Brain Homogeneity of BOLD Signal in CADASIL: A Resting State fMRI Study
Authors: Orsolini Stefano , Marzi Chiara , Gavazzi Gioele , Bianchi Andrea , Salvadori Emilia , Giannelli Marco , Donnini Ida , Rinnoci Valentina , Pescini Francesca , Pantoni Leonardo , Mascalchi Mario , Diciotti Stefano 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe cognitive decline in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is assumed to be due to a cortical‐subcortical disconnection secondary to damage to the cerebral white matter (WM). Using resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI) and analysis of the regional homogeneity (ReHo), we examined a group of CADASIL patients and a group of healthy subjects in order to: (1) explore possible differences between the two groups; and (2) to assess, in CADASIL patients, whether any ReHo abnormalities correlate with individual burdens of WM T2‐weighted hyperintensity and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)‐derived index of mean diffusivity (MD) of the cerebral WM, an index reflecting microstructural damage in CADASIL.METHODSTwenty‐three paucisymptomatic CADASIL patients (13 females; age mean ± standard deviation = 43.6 ± 11.1 years; three symptomatic and 20 with no or few symptoms) and 16 healthy controls (nine females; age 46.6 ± 11.0 years) were examined with T1‐weighted, T2‐weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery images, DTI, and rsfMRI.RESULTSWhen compared to controls, CADASIL patients showed four clusters of significantly lower ReHo values in cortical areas belonging to networks involved in inhibition and attention, including the right insula, the left superior frontal gyrus, and the bilateral anterior cingulated cortex. ReHo changes did not correlate with an individual patient's lesion burden or MD.CONCLUSIONSThis study reveals decreased ReHo of rsfMRI signals in cortical areas involved in inhibition and attention processes, suggesting a potential role for these functional cortical changes in CADASIL.
An engineered extraplastidial pathway for carotenoid biofortification of leaves
Authors: Andersen Trine B. , Llorente Briardo , Morelli Luca , Torres‐Montilla Salvador , Bordanaba‐Florit Guillermo , Espinosa Fausto A. , Rodriguez‐Goberna Maria Rosa , Campos Narciso , Olmedilla‐Alonso Begoña , Llansola‐Portoles Manuel J. , Pascal Andrew A. , Rodriguez‐Concepcion Manuel 
Published: December 2020

SummaryCarotenoids are lipophilic plastidial isoprenoids highly valued as nutrients and natural pigments. A correct balance of chlorophylls and carotenoids is required for photosynthesis and therefore highly regulated, making carotenoid enrichment of green tissues challenging. Here we show that leaf carotenoid levels can be boosted through engineering their biosynthesis outside the chloroplast. Transient expression experiments in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves indicated that high extraplastidial production of carotenoids requires an enhanced supply of their isoprenoid precursors in the cytosol, which was achieved using a deregulated form of the main rate‐determining enzyme of the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. Constructs encoding bacterial enzymes were used to convert these MVA‐derived precursors into carotenoid biosynthetic intermediates that do not normally accumulate in leaves, such as phytoene and lycopene. Cytosolic versions of these enzymes produced extraplastidial carotenoids at levels similar to those of total endogenous (i.e. chloroplast) carotenoids. Strategies to enhance the development of endomembrane structures and lipid bodies as potential extraplastidial carotenoid storage systems were not successful to further increase carotenoid contents. Phytoene was found to be more bioaccessible when accumulated outside plastids, whereas lycopene formed cytosolic crystalloids very similar to those found in the chromoplasts of ripe tomatoes. This extraplastidial production of phytoene and lycopene led to an increased antioxidant capacity of leaves. Finally, we demonstrate that our system can be adapted for the biofortification of leafy vegetables such as lettuce.
Modelling the physiological relevance of sucrose export repression by an Flowering Time homolog in the long‐distance phloem of potato
Authors: van den Herik Bas , Bergonzi Sara , Bachem Christian W. B. , ten Tusscher Kirsten 
Published: December 2020

AbstractYield of harvestable plant organs depends on photosynthetic assimilate production in source leaves, long‐distance sucrose transport and sink‐strength. While photosynthesis optimization has received considerable interest for optimizing plant yield, the potential for improving long‐distance sucrose transport has received far less attention. Interestingly, a recent potato study demonstrates that the tuberigen StSP6A binds to and reduces activity of the StSWEET11 sucrose exporter. While the study suggested that reducing phloem sucrose efflux may enhance tuber yield, the precise mechanism and physiological relevance of this effect remained an open question. Here, we develop the first mechanistic model for sucrose transport, parameterized for potato plants. The model incorporates SWEET‐mediated sucrose export, SUT‐mediated sucrose retrieval from the apoplast and StSP6A‐StSWEET11 interactions. Using this model, we were able to substantiate the physiological relevance of the StSP6A‐StSWEET11 interaction in the long‐distance phloem for potato tuber yield, as well as to show the non‐linear nature of this effect.