bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Outcomes, Health Care Utilization, and Costs Associated with Staple Line Buttressing Among Primary Sleeve Gastrectomy Patients
Authors: Roy Sanjoy , Wang Yuexi , Mallampati Rajesh , Johnston Stephen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Staple line buttressing is a method of reinforcing surgical staple lines using buttress materials. This study evaluated surgical outcomes, hospital utilization, and hospital costs associated with staple line buttressing among patients who underwent primary laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (PLSG) in the United States.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study using Premier Healthcare Database data from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2017. Patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent PLSG were selected and assigned to buttress or non-buttress cohorts based on the use of buttress material during their hospitalization for PLSG (index). Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to balance patient demographic and clinical characteristics between the cohorts. Generalized estimating equation models were used to compare the clinical and economic outcomes of the matched buttress and non-buttress users during the index hospitalization.

Results
A total of 38,231 buttress and 27,349 non-buttress patients were included in the study. After PSM, 24,049 patients were retained in each cohort. Compared with non-buttress cohort, the buttress cohort patients had a similar rate of in-hospital leaks (0.28% vs 0.39%; p = 0.160) and a lower rate of bleeding (1.37% vs 1.80%, p = 0.015), transfusion (0.56% vs 0.77%, p = 0.050), and composite bleeding/transfusion (1.57% vs 2.04%, p = 0.019). Total costs ($12,201 vs $10,986, p < 0.001) and supply costs ($5366 vs $4320, p < 0.001) were higher in the buttress cohort compared with the non-buttress cohort.

Conclusions
Staple line buttressing was associated with an improvement in complication rates for bleeding and transfusion. Total and supply costs were higher in the buttress cohort, necessitating further research into cost-effective buttressing materials.
Silent Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Patients with Morbid Obesity Prior to Primary Metabolic Surgery
Authors: Kristo Ivan , Paireder Matthias , Jomrich Gerd , Felsenreich Daniel M. , Fischer Mario , Hennerbichler Florian P. , Langer Felix B. , Prager Gerhard , Schoppmann Sebastian F. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Long-term follow-up after sleeve gastrectomy (SG) revealed a high incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) frequently caused by preoperative silent pathologic reflux. We aimed to evaluate prevalence and phenotypes of GERD in asymptomatic patients with morbid obesity prior to metabolic surgery according to modern objective testing.

Material and Methods
Prospective collection of data including consecutive patients with morbid obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2) prior to metabolic surgery was applied for this study between 2014 and 2019. Patients underwent clinical examinations, endoscopy, pH metry, and high-resolution manometry and were analyzed according to the Lyon consensus.

Results
Of 1379 patients undergoing metabolic surgery, 177 (12.8%, females = 105) asymptomatic individuals with a median age of 42.6 (33.8; 51.6) years and a median BMI of 44.6 (41.3; 50.8) kg/m2 completed objective testing and were included during the study period. GERD was diagnosed in 55 (31.1%), whereas criteria of borderline GERD were met in another 78 (44.1%). GERD was mediated by a structural defective lower esophageal sphincter (p = 0.004) and highlighted by acidic (p = 0.004) and non-acidic (p = 0.022) reflux episodes. Esophageal motility disorders were diagnosed in 35.6% (n = 63) of individuals with a novel hypercontractile disorder found in 7.9% (n = 14) of patients.

Conclusion
GERD affects a majority of asymptomatic patients with morbid obesity prior to primary bariatric surgery. Future longitudinal trials will have to reveal the clinical significance of esophageal motility disorders in patients with morbid obesity.
Dyslipidemia in Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Sunil Bhuvana , Ashraf Ambika P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a major cause of mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Dyslipidemia is prevalent in children with T2D and is a known risk factor for CVD. In this review, we critically examine the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and recommendations for dyslipidemia management in pediatric T2D.

Recent Findings
Dyslipidemia is multifactorial and related to poor glycemic control, insulin resistance, inflammation, and genetic susceptibility. Current guidelines recommend lipid screening after achieving glycemic control and annually thereafter. The desired lipid goals are low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) < 100 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) > 35 mg/dL, and triglycerides (TG) < 150 mg/dL.

Summary
If LDL-C remains > 130 mg/dL after 6 months, statins are recommended with a treatment goal of < 100 mg/dL. If fasting TG are > 400 mg/dL or non-fasting TG are > 1000 mg/dL, fibrates are recommended. Although abnormal levels of atherogenic TG-rich lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B, and non-HDL-C are commonly present in pediatric T2D, their measurement is not currently considered in risk assessment or management.
Trace Elements in the Large Population-Based HUNT3 Survey
Authors: Syversen Tore , Evje Lars , Wolf Susann , Flaten Trond Peder , Lierhagen Syverin , Simic Anica 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (The HUNT Study) is a large health survey population study in the county of Trøndelag, Norway. The survey has been repeated four times in about 10-year intervals. In the HUNT3 survey (2006–2008), we collected 28,000 samples for trace element analysis. Blood samples from 758 healthy persons without known occupational exposure were selected for multielement analysis of a small sample of blood (0.25 mL). The aim of the study was to determine the minimum blood volume that can be used for the analytical procedure and to compare our results with previously published results of similar surveys in healthy populations. Samples were digested and the concentration of selected trace elements was determined by ICP-MS. We report results on essential elements (B, Co, Cu, Mn, Se and Zn) as well as non-essential elements (As, Be, Br, Cd, Cs, In, La, Pb, Hg, Nd, Ni, Nb, Pd, Pt, Sm, Ta and Sn). Results are similar to previous studies on the HUNT3 population, and with a few exceptions, our data compares very well with results obtained in recent studies from other countries. We wanted to test a minimum volume of blood in a large-scale analytical program. For a number of nonessential elements, our results were below the limit of detection. We suggest that future studies using similar ICP-MS equipment as analytical tool should use at least 0.5 mL of blood.
A comprehensive analysis of the psychometric properties of the contingencies of self-worth scale (CSWS)
Authors: Perinelli Enrico , Alessandri Guido , Vecchione Michele , Mancini David 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale (CSWS) is a widely used personality self-report questionnaire developed for measuring the domains in which self-esteem is sustained by successes and achievements as well as threatened by obstacles and failures. Two studies (Nstudy1 = 453, Nstudy2 = 293) aimed to further refine our knowledge of its psychometric properties. Results attested that, at the first-order level, the originally hypothesized seven-factor model proved to be the best-fitting one, but the inclusion of a method factor significantly improved the fit to the data. At the second-order level, the model with two higher-order variables representing private sphere and public sphere of CSW fit better than alternative models. Finally, there was evidence that first- and second-order domains had a good degree of construct and discriminant validity. Overall, these studies provided a step forward in refining the psychometric structure of the CSWS.
Effectiveness of a short Yoga Nidra meditation on stress, sleep, and well-being in a large and diverse sample
Authors: Moszeik Esther N. , von Oertzen Timo , Renner Karl-Heinz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that meditation-based interventions can have a significant impact on stress and well-being in various populations. To further extend these findings, an 11-min Yoga Nidra meditation that may especially be integrated in a busy daily schedule by people who can only afford short time for breaks was adapted and analyzed in an experimental online study design. The effects of this short meditation on stress, sleep, well-being and mindfulness were examined for the first time. The meditation was provided as audio file and carried out during a period of 30 days by the participants of the meditation group. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to analyze the data with Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) in order to cope with missing data. As expected, the meditation group (N = 341) showed lower stress, higher well-being and improved sleep quality after the intervention (very small to small effect sizes) compared with a waitlist control group (N = 430). It turned out that the meditation had a stronger impact on the reduction of negative affect than on the increase of positive affect and also a stronger effect on affective components of well-being. Mindfulness, as a core element of the meditation, increased during the study within the meditation group. All effects remained stable at follow-up six weeks later. Overall, a large, heterogeneous sample showed that already a very short dose of meditation can positively influence stress, sleep, and well-being. Future research should consider biological markers as well as active control groups.
Toward a dynamic model of Gelotophobia: Social support, workplace bullying and stress are connected with diverging trajectories of life and job satisfaction among Gelotophobes
Authors: Ruch Willibald , Stahlmann Alexander G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent theoretical advances have grounded gelotophobia (Greek:gelos = laughter,phobos = fear) in a dynamic framework of causes, moderating factors, and consequences of the fear of being laughed at. This understanding corresponds to that ofvulnerabilityand translates gelotophobia into a distinguishable pattern of lacking resources (i.e., misinterpretation of joy and laughter) that can result in negative consequences (e.g., reduced well-being and performance) if individuals have no access to further resources (e.g., social support) or are exposed to severe stressors (e.g., workplace bullying). Based on the panel data provided by the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES (N = 2469 across six measurement intervals), this study takes the first step toward empirically testing this model’s assumptions: First, we computed exemplary zero-order correlations and showed that gelotophobia was negatively connected with social support (resource) and life and job satisfaction (consequences) and positively connected with perceived stress, work stress, and workplace bullying (stressors). Second, we used longitudinal cluster analyses (KmL; k-means-longitudinal) and showed that the panel data can be clustered into three stable patterns of life and job satisfaction and that gelotophobia is primarily related to the two clusters marked by lower levels of satisfaction. Third, we computed partial correlations and showed that social support, perceived stress, and work stress (but not workplace bullying) can weaken or completely resolve gelotophobia’s relationships with such diverging trajectories of life and job satisfaction. We concluded that seeing gelotophobia through the lens of vulnerability is useful and that such research warrants further attention using more dedicated, theoretically grounded projects.
Development of Wild Boar Species-Specific DNA Markers for a Potential Quality Control and Traceability Method in Meat Products
Authors: Szemethy Dániel , Mihalik Bendegúz , Frank Krisztián , Nagy Tibor , Újváry Dóra , Kusza Szilvia , Szemethy László , Barta Endre , Stéger Viktor 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the food supply chain, quality control has a very important role in maintaining customer confidence. In the EU, food safety aspects are strictly regulated; however, composition requirements and standard control methods are generally undefined. The rapidly increasing wild boar population has a growing market share in venison or game meat production. Several methods have been described for species identification and control of composition in food products, but only some of these are suitable for routine measurements. The aim of our research was to design a rapid, reliable and simple PCR insertion/deletion (InDel)-based genetic tool suitable for species identification in food quality control laboratories. In total, 59 different swine (Sus scrofa) whole genomes were tested with bioinformatic tools to identify wild boar-specific insertions or deletions. Three independent InDels were suitable for marker development, multiplex PCR amplification and separation in agarose gel. Altogether, 209 samples of wild boar and ten other domestic pig breeds were taken for DNA extraction and validation of the three multiplexed InDel markers. Statistical analysis showed a very high combined predictive value (0.996), indicating the capability of the newly developed markers to detect wild boars with a probability over 99%. Breed assignment tests confirm that the InDel markers developed are suitable for rapid, sensitive and reliable identification of the wild boar meat content of food products. The use of the reported method in food quality control can mean a simple and cost-effective way to maintain consumer confidence and to support the competitiveness of fair producers.
Trait Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation upon Autobiographical Memory Retrieval during Depression Remission
Authors: Isham Aleksandra Eriksen , del Palacio-Gonzalez Adriana , Dritschel Barbara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Depression is associated with both emotion dysregulation upon retrieval of autobiographical memories and low trait mindfulness. The present study raised the question of whether these processes are related to each other and whether they may reflect a cognitive-affective vulnerability in individuals at risk of depression. The study examined emotion regulation in response to involuntary and voluntary autobiographical memories during depression remission and explored how trait mindfulness relates to such emotion regulation.

Methods
The study employed a naturalistic design in which individuals with remitted depression (n = 35) and individuals with no history of depression (n = 32) completed a trait mindfulness measure and a structured memory diary where they rated state use of five emotion regulation strategies upon involuntary and voluntary autobiographical memory retrieval.

Results
Individuals with remitted depression reported heightened brooding in response to autobiographical memories when memory retrieval occurred involuntarily, and trait mindfulness was low. Depression remission and higher trait mindfulness were independently associated with greater cognitive reappraisal efforts upon involuntary retrieval of autobiographical memories. Higher trait mindfulness predicted less memory suppression, irrespective of depression history and memory retrieval mode.

Conclusions
The findings suggest a vulnerability in emotional processing of autobiographical memories during depression remission that is dependent on mindfulness skill level and how memories come to mind.
A System for Continuous Pre- to Post-reperfusion Intra-carotid Cold Infusion for Selective Brain Hypothermia in Rodent StrokeModels
Authors: Wang Yi , Choi Jae H. , Almekhlafi Mohammed A. , Ziemann Ulf , Poli Sven 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntra-carotid cold infusion (ICCI) appears as a promising method for hypothermia-mediated brain protection from ischemic stroke. Recent clinical pilot studies indicate easy implementation of ICCI into endovascular acute ischemic stroke treatment. Current rodent ICCI-in-stroke models limit ICCI to the post-reperfusion phase. To establish a method for continuous ICCI over the duration of intra-ischemia to post-reperfusion in rodent stroke models, a novel system was developed. Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were included. Intraluminal filament method was used for transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Normal saline (~ 0 °C) was delivered (≤ 2.0 mL/min) into the internal carotid artery via a customized infusion system without interruption during MCAO (intra-ischemia) to after filament withdrawal (post-reperfusion). Bilateral cortical and striatal temperatures were monitored. Hypothermia goals were a temperature reduction in the ischemic hemisphere by 2 °C prior to reperfusion and thereafter maintenance of regional brain hypothermia at ~ 32 °C limiting the administered ICCI volume to ½ of each rat’s total blood volume. During ischemia, maximum brain cooling rate was achieved with ICCI at 0.5 mL/min. It took 2 min to reduce ischemic striatal temperature by 2.3 ± 0.3 °C. After reperfusion, brain cooling was continued at 2 mL/min ICCI first (over 42 s) and maintained at 32.1 ± 0.3 °C at 0.7 mL/min ICCI over a duration of 15 ± 0.8 min. ICCI (total 12.6 ± 0.6 mL) was uninterrupted over the duration of the studied phases. First system that allows continuous ICCI during the phases of intra-ischemia to post-reperfusion in small animals for selective brain cooling and for investigations of other neuroprotective infusions.
Robotic Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer: Short-Term Oncological Outcomes of Initial 178 Cases
Authors: Ramachandra C. , Sugoor Pavan , Karjol Uday , Arjunan Ravi , Altaf Syed , Srinivas C. , Prakash B. V. , Patil Vijay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEmerging techniques in minimally invasive rectal resection include robotic total mesorectal excision (R-TME). The Da Vinci Surgical System offers precise dissection in narrow and deep confined spaces and is gaining increasing acceptance during recent times. The aim of this study is to analyse our initial experience of R-TME with Da Vinci Xi platform in terms of perioperative and oncological outcomes in the context of data from recently published randomised ROLARR trial amongst minimally invasive novice surgeons. Patients who underwent R-TME or tumour specific mesorectal excision for rectal cancer between May 2016 and November 2019 were identified from a prospectively maintained single institution colorectal database. Demographic, clinical-pathological and short-term oncological outcomes were analysed. Of the 178 patients, 117 (65.7%) and 31 (17.4%) patients had lower and mid third rectal cancer. Most of the tumours were locally advanced, cT3–T4: 138 (77.5%). One hundred/178 (56.2%) underwent sphincter preserving TME. Eighty-seven (48.8%) were grade II adenocarcinoma. Nonmucinous adenocarcinoma was the predominant histology, 138 (78.4%). One hundred one cases (56.7%) were pT3. The mean number of lymph node yield was 13 ± 5. Distal resection margin and circumferential resection margin were positive in 2 (1.12%), 12 cases (6.74%) respectively. Eleven cases (6.7%) had to be converted to open TME. Mean blood loss and duration of surgery was 170 ± 60 ml and 286 ± 45 min respectively. Five percent cases had an anastomotic leak. Grade IIIa–IIIb Clavien Dindo (CD) morbidity score was reported to be in 12 (6.75%) and 10 (5.61%) cases. Median length of hospitalisation was 7 days (range 4–14 days). Perioperative and pathologic outcomes following robotic rectal resection is associated with good short-term oncological outcomes and is safe, effective, and reproducible by a minimally invasive novice surgeon.
Choricystis and Lewiniosphaera gen. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae Chlorophyta), two different green algal endosymbionts in freshwater sponges
Authors: Pröschold Thomas , Darienko Tatyana 
Published: September 2020

Associations of freshwater sponges with coccoid green algae have been known for a long time. Two types of coccoid green algae, which are commonly assigned as zoochlorellae, are recognized by morphology: small coccoids (< 3 μm) without pyrenoids and larger Chlorella-like algae (4–6 μm) with pyrenoids. Despite their wide distribution in some freshwater sponges, these green algae were never studied using a combined analysis of morphology and molecular phylogeny. We investigated several endosymbiotic strains isolated from different Spongilla species, which were available in culture collections. Phylogenetic analyses of SSU and ITS rDNA sequences revealed that the strain SAG 211-40a is a member of the Chlorellaceae and represents a new species of the newly erected genus Lewiniosphaera, L symbiontica. The phylogenetic position was confirmed by morphology and ITS-2 barcode. The endosymbionts without pyrenoid were identified as Choricystis parasitica by morphology and phylogenetic analyses. The comparison with free-living strains revealed the recognition of two new Choricystis species, C. krienitzii and C. limnetica, which were confirmed by molecular signatures in V9 region of SSU rDNA and ITS-2 barcode.
Integrated optimum design of hydraulic fracturing for tight hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs
Authors: Al-Attar Hazim , Alshadafan Hala , Al Kaabi Mariam , Al Hassani Aysha , Al Mheiri Shatha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough hydraulic fracturing is not a new technology, it has not yet been implemented in the United Arab Emirates. Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), the regional producer in United Arab Emirates, has set out to initiate the utilization of this treatment during year 2019. In this work, a systematic design procedure for hydraulic fracturing in tight petroleum-bearing reservoirs is proposed. The design caters for surface and subsurface flow parameters, and it is hoped to provide basic guidelines for ADNOC in this respect. The proposed design process incorporates both unified fracture design (UFD) methodology and the fracture geometry (PKN) model. Excel spreadsheets were developed and utilized to run sensitivity analysis for optimal performance and predict long-term production profiles before and after fracturing. The excel spreadsheets made are flexible in use, in the sense that they resolve issues with infinite/finite fractures, high/low surface injection rate as well as investigate for non-Darcy flow effects. Reliable published data were used to perform the necessary calculations. The results of the performance calculations have shown that it is possible to access commercial quantities of hydrocarbons from a tight reservoir. In addition, improved productivity by 15-folds and increased gas recovery of 1.02 MMMscf over the first 8 years of production can be achieved by proper hydraulic fracturing design and implementation in tight gas reservoirs. The results of calculations of non-Darcy effect revealed a threshold velocity of approximately 0.2 fps above which these effects could become significant in predicting the overall flow efficiency inside the fracture. To the authors’ knowledge, the literature has not fully addressed the hydraulic fracturing design analytically, and the methodology proposed in this work provides a complete design package which incorporates the UFD concept, the PKN model, the non-Darcy model, and long-term prediction of post-fracturing production performance, and applying the proposed approach in a case study.