bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An active tectonic field for CO2 storage management: the Hontomín onshore case study (Spain)
Authors: Pérez-López Raúl , Mediato José F. , Rodríguez-Pascua Miguel A. , Giner-Robles Jorge L. , Ramos Adrià , Martín-Velázquez Silvia , Martínez-Orío Roberto , Fernández-Canteli Paula 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. One of the concerns of underground CO2 onshore storage is the triggering of induced seismicity and fault reactivation by the pore pressure increasing. Hence, a comprehensive analysis of the tectonic parameters involved in the storage rock formation is mandatory for safety management operations. Unquestionably, active faults and seal faults depicting the storage bulk are relevant parameters to be considered. However, there is a lack of analysis of the active tectonic strain field affecting these faults during the CO2 storage monitoring. The advantage of reconstructing the tectonic field is the possibility to determine the strain trajectories and describing the fault patterns affecting the reservoir rock. In this work, we adapt a methodology of systematic geostructural analysis to underground CO2 storage, based on the calculation of the strain field from kinematics indicators on the fault planes (ey and ex for the maximum and minimum horizontal shortening, respectively). This methodology is based on a statistical analysis of individual strain tensor solutions obtained from fresh outcrops from the Triassic to the Miocene. Consequently, we have collected 447 fault data in 32 field stations located within a 20 km radius. The understanding of the fault sets' role for underground fluid circulation can also be established, helping further analysis of CO2 leakage and seepage. We have applied this methodology to Hontomín onshore CO2 storage facilities (central Spain). The geology of the area and the number of high-quality outcrops made this site a good candidate for studying the strain field from kinematics fault analysis. The results indicate a strike-slip tectonic regime with maximum horizontal shortening with a 160 and 50∘ E trend for the local regime, which activates NE–SW strike-slip faults. A regional extensional tectonic field was also recognized with a N–S trend, which activates N–S extensional faults, and NNE–SSW and NNW–SSE strike-slip faults, measured in the Cretaceous limestone on top of the Hontomín facilities. Monitoring these faults within the reservoir is suggested in addition to the possibility of obtaining a focal mechanism solutions for micro-earthquakes (M<3).
Brief communication: CESM2 climate forcing (1950–2014) yields realistic Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance
Authors: Noël Brice , van Kampenhout Leonardus , van de Berg Willem Jan , Lenaerts Jan T. M. , Wouters Bert , van den Broeke Michiel R. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We present a reconstruction of historical (1950–2014) surface mass
balance (SMB) of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) using
a high-resolution regional climate model (RACMO2; ∼11 km) to dynamically downscale the climate of the
Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2; ∼111 km). After further statistical downscaling to
1 km spatial resolution, evaluation using in situ SMB
measurements and remotely sensed GrIS mass change shows good
agreement. Comparison with an ensemble of previously conducted
RACMO2 simulations forced by climate reanalysis demonstrates that
the current product realistically represents the long-term average
and variability of individual SMB components and captures the
recent increase in meltwater runoff that accelerated GrIS mass
loss. This means that, for the first time, climate forcing from an
Earth system model (CESM2), which assimilates no observations, can be
used without additional corrections to reconstruct the historical
GrIS SMB and its recent decline that initiated mass loss in the
1990s. This paves the way for attribution studies of future GrIS
mass loss projections and contribution to sea level rise.
Fostering Europe’s Future Physician-Scientists: An Interview with European MD/PhD Association Chairman Dr. André dos Santos Rocha
Authors: Ryan Paul M. , Dos Santos Rocha André 
Published: April 2020

Dr. André dos Santos Rocha is a Resident Physician in Intensive Care Medicine & Anaesthesiology and a current MD-PhD student in the Department of Acute Medicine at the University of Geneva. In parallel, he is also the current Chairman of the European MD/PhD Association (EMPA), a role in which he coordinates a diverse group of highly-driven MD-PhD students. EMPA is a not-for-profit organisation which was founded with the central aims of bringing together MD-PhDs from across Europe, fostering a comfortable setting for networking, promotion of European scientific collaborations and support for research and mobility of European MD-PhD students. One of the main medium through which EMPA achieves a number of these lofty goals is their annual conference, which is typically held in conjunction with one of the national associations. I met with André after the recent European and Swiss MD-PhD Conference in Geneva to discuss his experience in this role and what the future holds for EMPA.
Fichte's Existential Logic
Authors: Zimmer Amie Leigh 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTRather than adopting a view of Fichte as a “proto-existentialist,” as some scholars have suggested, I instead aim to develop an account which articulates a fundamental existential structure which helps to elucidate and situate later notions of existential subjectivity by accounting for its condition of possibility. In this vein, existentialism not only articulates a certain kind of being in the world but a logical condition of the structure of subjectivity itself. I call this structuring condition existential logic, and locate it in Fichte's Wissenschaftslehre. I develop the term existential logic instead of merely attributing to Fichte the term existential-ism or existentialist, insofar as I aim to locate an operative structure within the being who then becomes an existential subject for whom existential engagement is only then possible. The term existential logic suggests that the striving of the self both with and against the world—as existential phenomenology would have it—is a structure inherent within Fichte's logical deduction and formulation of the Absolute I.
L’interdiction de signes religieux en entreprise : regards croisés autour de la protection du salarié en France et au Québec
Authors: Parent Sébastien , Fleury Pauline 
Published: April 2020

Dans la tourmente d’une récente intervention législative au Québec qui restreint le port de signes religieux pour certains agents et agentes de l’État occupant une fonction d’autorité, une volonté d’étendre cette nouvelle conception de la neutralité au sein d’espaces privés, comme l’entreprise, pourrait émerger. La validité d’une politique interdisant le port de signes religieux en milieu de travail doit, toutefois, être analysée à l’aune de la liberté de religion et du droit à l’égalité des travailleurs, ce qui sollicitera inévitablement l’interprétation du juge. À cet égard, la France dispose de précédents très précis sur cette question, alors que le Québec fait l’objet d’une riche jurisprudence en matière d’accommodement raisonnable pour motifs religieux, qui permet aussi d’y répondre.
Or, en présence d’une problématique identique dans l’entreprise, qui mobilise de surcroît les mêmes droits fondamentaux des travailleurs, un regard croisé entre la France et le Québec révèle les chemins diamétralement opposés empruntés par les juges de chacun de ces espaces nationaux. Ces divergences s’observent aussi bien à l’occasion du contrôle de la légitimité de l’interdiction de signes religieux adoptée par l’employeur qu’au moment de circonscrire les mesures qu’il devra prendre afin d’éviter le congédiement du salarié. Plus encore, le fardeau financier que l’entreprise aura à supporter, au terme de cet exercice, se situe aux antipodes. Dans l’ensemble, cette analyse comparative met en évidence l’impact décisif du travail interprétatif du juge sur la protection de l’emploi, en ne manquant pas de discuter des possibilités que la logique française se transporte en droit québécois.
The Political Economy of Employment Regulation in Small Developing Countries
Authors: Arrowsmith James , Parker Jane 
Published: April 2020

It is generally accepted that employment regulation offers mechanisms to generate orderly economic growth as well as provide for the protection of workers. Both these efficiency and equity arguments particularly pertain to developing country contexts. The evolution and impact of employment law and industrial relations institutions in large developing countries is of growing interest to western scholars, but small developing countries have been ignored. This lack of research inhibits understanding of the political economy of employment regulation in developing country contexts.This article explores developments in labour regulation in three small developing countries in the South Pacific—Nauru, Tonga, and Papua New Guinea—that have been impacted by globalization and international labour regulation in different ways. The comparative research adopts a stakeholder analysis approach based on programs of qualitative interviews and documentary analysis.The paper identifies a number of structural and agency constraints on the development and effective implementation of employment regulatory systems that primarily reflect political factors. These include disorganized employment relations, under-developed civil society institutions, concentration of power networks, the under-resourcing and compartmentalization of state institutions and a broader context of political change and instability. These factors, which are related to country size as well as stage of development, subvert the introduction, implementation and review of employment regulation even where efficiency and equity arguments may be accepted by policymakers. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications and need for future research.
Sobre la impertinencia de las políticas austericidas: algunos efectos y reflexiones desde el ámbito de la universidad.
Authors: Langa-Rosado Delia 
Published: April 2020

En esta aportación se describirán brevemente cuáles fueron las principales transformaciones en las condiciones de acceso y permanencia en los estudios universitarios que tuvieron lugar a partir de las reformas post- 2012 en un escenario de austeridad en el gasto público. Se parte del más reciente trabajo de investigación de la autora en torno a esta temática y se concluye con el carácter de reajuste clasista a que dichos cambios dieron lugar. En un apartado final se esbozan algunos argumentos que, en el contexto actual de crisis sanitaria y social, refuerzan la valoración de la inoportunidad de ese giro inequitativo en la política universitaria.
Migratory behaviour and survival of Great Egrets after range expansion in Central Europe
Authors: Włodarczyk Radosław , Szafara Daria , Kaczmarek Krzysztof , Janiszewski Tomasz , Minias Piotr 
Published: April 2020

Great EgretArdea albais one of few Western Palearctic species that underwent a rapid range expansion in the recent decades. Originally breeding in central and eastern Europe, the species has spread in northern (up to the Baltic coast) and western (up to the western France) directions and established viable breeding populations throughout almost entire continent. We monitored one of the first Great Egrets colonies established in Poland to infer migratory patterns and survival rates directly after range expansion. For this purpose, we collected resightings from over 200 Great Egret chicks marked between 2002–2017 in central Poland. Direction of migration was non-random, as birds moved almost exclusively into the western direction. Wintering grounds were located mainly in the western Europe (Germany to France) within 800–950 km from the breeding colony. First-year birds migrated farther than adults. We found some, although relatively weak, support for age-dependent survival of Great Egrets and under the best-fitted capture-recapture model, the estimated annual survival rate of adults was nearly twice higher than for first-year birds (φad = 0.85 ± 0.05 vs.φfy = 0.48 ± 0.15). Annual survival rate under the constant model (no age-related variation) was estimated atφ = 0.81 ± 0.05. Our results suggest that Great Egrets rapidly adapted to novel ecological and environmental conditions during range expansion. We suggest that high survival rate of birds from central Poland and their western direction of migration may facilitate further colonization processes in western Europe.
Mitochondrial turnover and homeostasis in ageing and neurodegeneration
Authors: Markaki Maria , Tavernarakis Nektarios 
Published: April 2020

Ageing is driven by the inexorable and stochastic accumulation of damage in biomolecules vital for proper cellular function. Although this process is fundamentally haphazard and uncontrollable, genetic and extrinsic factors influence senescent decline and ageing. Numerous gene mutations and treatments have been shown to extend the lifespan of organisms ranging from the unicellular Saccharomyces cerevisiae to primates. Most such interventions ultimately interface with cellular stress response mechanisms, suggesting that longevity is intimately related to the ability of the organism to counter both intrinsic stress and extrinsic stress. Mitochondria, the main energy hub of the cell, are highly dynamic organelles, playing essential roles in cell physiology. Mitochondrial function impinges on several signalling pathways modulating cellular metabolism, survival and healthspan. Maintenance of mitochondrial function and energy homeostasis requires both generation of new healthy mitochondria and elimination of the dysfunctional ones. Here, we survey the mechanisms regulating mitochondrial number in cells, with particular emphasis on neurons. We, further, discuss recent findings implicating perturbation of mitochondrial homeostasis in cellular senescence and organismal ageing as well as in age‐associated neurodegenerative diseases.
Copine A regulates the size and exocytosis of contractile vacuoles and postlysosomes in Dictyostelium
Authors: Wight Elise M. , Ide Amber D. , Damer Cynthia K. 
Published: April 2020

Copines are a family of cytosolic proteins that associate with membranes in a calcium‐dependent manner and are found in many eukaryotic organisms. Dictyostelium discoideum has six copine genes (cpnA‐cpnF), and cells lacking cpnA(cpnA−) have defects in cytokinesis, chemotaxis, adhesion, and development. CpnA has also been shown to associate with the plasma membrane, contractile vacuoles (CV), and organelles of the endolysosomal pathway. Here, we use cpnA− cells to investigate the role of CpnA in CV function and endocytosis. When placed in water, cpnA− cells made abnormally large CVs that took longer to expel. Visualization of CVs with the marker protein GFP‐dajumin indicated that cpnA− cells had fewer CVs that sometimes refilled before complete emptying. In endocytosis assays, cpnA− cells took up small fluorescent beads by macropinocytosis at rates similar to parental cells. However, cpnA− cells reached a plateau sooner than parental cells and had less fluorescence at later time points. p80 antibody labeling of postlysosomes (PL) indicated that there were fewer and smaller PLs in cpnA− cells. In dextran pulse‐chase experiments, the number of PLs peaked earlier in cpnA− cells, and the PLs did not become as large and disappeared sooner as compared to parental cells. PLs in cpnA− cells were also shown to have more actin coats, suggesting CpnA may play a role in actin filament disassembly on PL membranes. Overall, these results indicate that CpnA is involved in the regulation of CV size and expulsion, and the maturation, size, and exocytosis of PLs.
Survey results of 3D‐CRT and IMRT quality assurance practice
Authors: Mehrens Hunter , Taylor Paige , Followill David S. , Kry Stephen F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeTo create a snapshot of common practices for 3D‐CRT and intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) QA through a large‐scale survey and compare to TG‐218 recommendations.MethodsA survey of 3D‐CRT and IMRT QA was constructed at and distributed by the IROC‐Houston QA center to all institutions monitored by IROC (n = 2,861). The first part of the survey asked about methods to check dose delivery for 3D‐CRT. The bulk of the survey focused on IMRT QA, inquiring about treatment modalities, standard tools used to verify planned dose, how assessment of agreement is calculated and the comparison criteria used, and the strategies taken if QA fails.ResultsThe most common tools for dose verification were a 2D diode array (52.8%), point(s) measurement (39.0%), EPID (27.4%), and 2D ion chamber array (23.9%). When IMRT QA failed, the highest average rank strategy utilized was to remeasure with the same setup, which had an average position ranking of 1.1 with 90.4% of facilities employing this strategy. The second highest average ranked strategy was to move to a new calculation point and remeasure (54.9%); this had an average ranking of 2.1.ConclusionThe survey provided a snapshot of the current state of dose verification for IMRT radiotherapy. The results showed variability in approaches and that work is still needed to unify and tighten criteria in the medical physics community, especially in reference to TG‐218's recommendations.
Factors Associated With Time to Pregnancy in Women With Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Registry‐Based Multicenter Study
Authors: Ursin Kristin , Lydersen Stian , Skomsvoll Johan F. , Salvesen Kjell Å. , S. S. Koksvik Hege , Jakobsen Bente , Wallenius Marianne 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThe present study was undertaken to study time to pregnancy (TTP) and factors associated with TTP in women with axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) compared to women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsWe included 274 women with axial SpA and 317 women with RA from the Norwegian nationwide registry RevNatus. For all the women, we had retrospectively collected data on TTP, and a subgroup also had prospectively collected data. We compared TTP in women with axial SpA to women with RA using Kaplan‐Meier plots and a log rank test. To identify factors associated with TTP, we used Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsTTP exceeded 12 months in 21% of women with axial SpA. In the subgroup followed prospectively, 32% had TTP that exceeded 12 months. Longer TTP was associated with older age, nulliparity, and longer disease duration, with hazard ratios of 0.97 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.94–1.00), 0.66 (95% CI 0.50–0.88), and 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.98), respectively. Disease activity, medication, and self‐reported health‐related quality of life were not associated with TTP. We found no statistically significant differences between axial SpA and RA in regard to TTP.ConclusionIn women with axial SpA, longer TTP was associated with older age, nulliparity, and longer disease duration.
Levitating Cells to Sort the Fit and the Fat
Authors: Puluca Nazan , Durmus Naside Gözde , Lee Soah , Belbachir Nadjet , Galdos Francisco X. , Ogut Mehmet Giray , Gupta Rakhi , Hirano Ken‐ichi , Krane Markus , Lange Rüdiger , Wu Joseph C. , Wu Sean M. , Demirci Utkan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDensity is a core material property and varies between different cell types, mainly based on differences in their lipid content. Sorting based on density enables various biomedical applications such as multi‐omics in precision medicine and regenerative repair in medicine. However, a significant challenge is sorting cells of the same type based on density differences. Here, a new method for real‐time monitoring and sorting of single cells based on their inherent levitation profiles driven by their lipid content is reported. As a model system, human‐induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) from a patient with neutral lipid storage disease (NLSD) due to loss of function of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) resulting in abnormal lipid storage in cardiac muscle are used. This levitation‐based strategy detects subpopulations within ATGL‐deficient hiPSC‐CMs with heterogenous lipid content, equilibrating at different levitation heights due to small density differences. In addition, sorting of these differentially levitating subpopulations are monitored in real time. Using this approach, sorted healthy and diseased hiPSC‐CMs maintain viability and function. Pixel‐tracking technologies show differences in contraction between NLSD and healthy hiPSC‐CMs. Overall, this is a unique approach to separate diseased cell populations based on their intracellular lipid content that cannot be achieved using traditional flow cytometry techniques.
Head‐Mounted Devices for Noninvasive Cancer Imaging and Intraoperative Image‐Guided Surgery
Authors: Mondal Suman B. , Tsen Shaw‐Wei D. , Achilefu Samuel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMedical imaging methods have improved the detection of human diseases with increasing accuracy. The ability to probe molecular processes noninvasively or using tissue‐selective imaging agents and nanoparticles has made it possible to localize, identify the stage, and determine the functional status of pathological lesions. The challenges in detecting cancer particularly have driven the development of diverse imaging technologies. While earlier cancer imaging methods enabled preoperative evaluation, the need to track and visualize cancer location in the operating room itself has ushered in new systems capable of providing concurrent images of cancer during surgery. Intraoperative use of conventional clinical imaging modalities is often limited by bulky hardware design, prohibitive cost, lack of real‐time image display, and compatibility with conventional hardware interfaces. For these reasons, focus on fluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS) devices has increased to take advantage of real‐time, high‐resolution, functional imaging with hardware that has become increasingly amenable to miniaturization. In particular, the adaptation of wearable devices for FGS presents hands‐free capability for optimal navigation during cancer surgery. The evolution of head‐mounted devices in the operating room and adaptation for FGS is highlighted. Key challenges to wide clinical adoption of this imaging platform are identified and potential future directions are suggested.
Modulation of Solid‐State Aggregation of Square‐Planar Pt(II) Based Emitters: Enabling Highly Efficient Deep‐Red/Near Infrared Electroluminescence
Authors: Chen Wen‐Cheng , Sukpattanacharoen Chattarika , Chan Wei‐Hsiang , Huang Chun‐Chi , Hsu Hsiu‐Fu , Shen Dong , Hung Wen‐Yi , Kungwan Nawee , Escudero Daniel , Lee Chun‐Sing , Chi Yun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe design of square‐planar Pt(II) complexes with highly efficient solid‐state near infrared (NIR) luminescence for electroluminescence is attractive but challenging. This study presents the fine‐turning of excited‐state properties and application of a series of isoquinolinyl pyrazolate Pt(II) complexes that are modulated by steric demanding substituents. It reveals that the bulky substituents do not always disfavor metallophilic Pt···Pt interactions. Instead, π–π stacking among chelates, which are fine‐tuned by the associated substituents, also exerts strong influence to the metal‐metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MMLCT) transition character. Theoretical calculations indicate that Pt···Pt contacts become more relevant in the trimers rather than the dimers, especially in their T1 states, associated with a change from mixed 3LC/3MLCT transition in the monomer/dimer to mixed 3LC/3MMLCT transition character in the trimer. Electroluminescence devices affording intense deep‐red/NIR emission (near 670 nm) with unprecedentedly high external quantum efficiency over 30% are demonstrated. This work provides deep insights into formation MMLCT transition of square‐planar Pt(II) complexes and efficient molecular design for deep‐red/NIR electroluminescence.