bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating miRNA-21 as a diagnostic biomarker in elderly patients with type 2 cardiorenal syndrome
Authors: Wang Yan , Liang Yi , Zhao WenJun , Fu GuangPing , Li QingQuan , Min XuChen , Guo YiFang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCirculating miRNAs have attracted attention as serum biomarkers for several diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating miRNA-21 (miR-21) as a novel biomarker for elderly patients with type 2 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS-2). A total of 157 elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) were recruited for the study. According to an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) cut-off of 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, 84 patients (53.5%) and 73 patients (46.5%) were assigned to the CRS group and the CHF group, respectively. Expression levels of serum miR-21 and biomarkers for CRS, such as kidney injury factor-1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-related apolipoprotein (NGAL), cystatin C (Cys C), amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), N-acetyl-κ-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), and heart-type fatty acid–binding protein (H-FABP), were detected. Serum miR-21, KIM-1, NGAL, Cys C, NT-proBNP and H-FABP levels were significantly higher in the CRS group than in the CHF group (P < 0.01), whereas NAG expression was not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Cys C, H-FABP and eGFR correlated significantly with miR-21 expression, but correlations with miR-21 were not significant for NT-proBNP, NGAL, NAG and KIM-1. Moreover, multivariate logistic regression found that serum miR-21, increased serum Cys C, serum KIM-1, hyperlipidaemia and ejection fraction (EF) were independent influencing factors for CRS (P < 0.05). The AUC of miR-21 based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.749, with a sensitivity of 55.95% and a specificity of 84.93%. Furthermore, combining miR-21 with Cys C enhanced the AUC to 0.902, with a sensitivity of 88.1% and a specificity of 83.6% (P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that circulating miR-21 has medium diagnostic value in CRS-2. The combined assessment of miR-21 and Cys C has good clinical value in elderly patients with CRS-2.
A formula based on autonomic test using EZSCAN and anthropometric data for diagnosis of DM in China
Authors: Zhao Xiaolan , Getmanenko Alexander , Zhang Yalan , Mo Qinyun , Yao Chunyan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractClinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) is time-consuming and invasive. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and accuracy of EZSCAN in detecting impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in Chinese population, and explore a diagnosis formula based on an autonomic test using EZSCAN measurement and anthropometric data. Eligible subjects (n = 1547) had the following data collected: those of anthropometric and EZSCAN measurements and biochemical tests including FPG, OGTT, HbA1c, and serum lipid tests. The support vector machine (SVM) algorithm method was used to derive a diagnostic formula. In this study, 452 and 263 subjects were diagnosed with T2DM and IGT, respectively, while 832 had normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The sensitivity rates for the formula were 77.2% for T2DM and 80.4% for IGT. The diagnostic formula was found to correlate strongly with EZSCAN values. The diagnostic formula based on autonomic test and anthropometric data appears to be a convenient and accurate routine screening option in the Chinese population.
Time course of bilateral microglial activation in a mouse model of laser-induced glaucoma
Authors: Ramírez Ana I. , de Hoz Rosa , Fernández-Albarral José A. , Salobrar-Garcia Elena , Rojas Blanca , Valiente-Soriano Francisco J. , Avilés-Trigueros Marcelino , Villegas-Pérez María P. , Vidal-Sanz Manuel , Triviño Alberto , Ramírez José M. , Salazar Juan J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMicroglial activation is associated with glaucoma. In the model of unilateral laser-induced ocular hypertension (OHT), the time point at which the inflammatory process peaks remains unknown. Different time points (1, 3, 5, 8, and 15 d) were compared to analyze signs of microglial activation both in OHT and contralateral eyes. In both eyes, microglial activation was detected in all retinal layers at all time points analyzed, including: i) increase in the cell number in the outer segment photoreceptor layer and plexiform layers (only in OHT eyes) from 3 d onward; ii) increase in soma size from 1 d onward; iii) retraction of the processes from 1 d in OHT eyes and 3 d in contralateral eyes; iv) increase in the area of the retina occupied by Iba-1+ cells in the nerve fiber layer/ganglion cell layer from 1 d onward; v) increase in the number of vertical processes from 1 d in contralateral eyes and 3 d in OHT eyes. In OHT eyes at 24 h and 15 d, most Iba-1+ cells were P2RY12+ and were down-regulated at 3 and 5 d. In both eyes, microglial activation was stronger at 3 and 5 d (inflammation peaked in this model). These time points could be useful to identify factors implicated in the inflammatory process.
Sex Differences in Colon Cancer Metabolism Reveal A Novel Subphenotype
Authors: Cai Yuping , Rattray Nicholas J. W. , Zhang Qian , Mironova Varvara , Santos-Neto Alvaro , Hsu Kuo-Shun , Rattray Zahra , Cross Justin R. , Zhang Yawei , Paty Philip B. , Khan Sajid A. , Johnson Caroline H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWomen have a lower incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) than men, however, they have a higher incidence of right-sided colon cancer (RCC). This is of concern as patients with RCC have the poorest clinical outcomes among all CRC patients. Aberrant metabolism is a known hallmark and therapeutic target for cancer. We propose that metabolic subphenotypes exist between CRCs due to intertumoral molecular and genomic variation, and differences in environmental milieu of the colon which vary between the sexes. Metabolomics analysis of patient colon tumors (n = 197) and normal tissues (n = 39) revealed sex-specific metabolic subphenotypes dependent on anatomic location. Tumors from women with RCC were nutrient-deplete, showing enhanced energy production to fuel asparagine synthesis and amino acid uptake. The clinical importance of our findings were further investigated in an independent data set from The Cancer Genomic Atlas, and demonstrated that high asparagine synthetase (ASNS) expression correlated with poorer survival for women. This is the first study to show a unique, nutrient-deplete metabolic subphenotype in women with RCC, with implications for tumor progression and outcomes in CRC patients.
Interaction of SHP-2 SH2 domains with PD-1 ITSM induces PD-1 dimerization and SHP-2 activation
Authors: Patsoukis Nikolaos , Duke-Cohan Jonathan S. , Chaudhri Apoorvi , Aksoylar Halil-Ibrahim , Wang Qi , Council Asia , Berg Anders , Freeman Gordon J. , Boussiotis Vassiliki A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProgrammed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibits T cell responses. This function relies on interaction with SHP-2. PD-1 has one immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) at Y223 and one immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) at Y248. Only ITSM-Y248 is indispensable for PD-1-mediated inhibitory function but how SHP-2 enzymatic activation is mechanistically regulated by one PD-1 phosphotyrosine remains a puzzle. We found that after PD-1 phosphorylation, SHP-2 can bridge phosphorylated ITSM-Y248 residues on two PD-1 molecules via its amino terminal (N)-SH2 and carboxyterminal (C)-SH2 domains forming a PD-1: PD-1 dimer in live cells. The biophysical ability of SHP-2 to interact with two ITSM-pY248 residues was documented by isothermal titration calorimetry. SHP-2 interaction with two ITSM-pY248 phosphopeptides induced robust enzymatic activation. Our results unravel a mechanism of PD-1: SHP-2 interaction that depends only on ITSM-Y248 and explain how a single docking site within the PD-1 cytoplasmic tail can activate SHP-2 and PD-1-mediated inhibitory function.
Comparison of Questionnaire-Based and Performance-Based Screening Tools as Predictors of Auditory Processing Disorder
Authors: Shaikh Mohsin Ahmed , Baker Brittanie , Levy Amanda 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare questionnaire-based and performance-based screening tools as predictors of an auditory processing disorder (APD) diagnosis. The questionnaire-based screening tools used were the Children's Auditory Performance Scale, Fisher's Auditory Problems Checklist, and Buffalo Model Questionnaire–Revised. The performance-based screening tools were from the SCAN-3 screening tests, that is, Auditory Figure Ground, Competing Words Free Recall (CW-FR), and Gap Detection Test. Predictability was ascertained by comparing the scores from screening tools with those from diagnostic APD tests and with the final diagnosis of APD.Research DesignThis study is a retrospective single-observation study.MethodThe screening and diagnostic test results were retrospectively analyzed from the medical records of 85 individuals (female = 39) aged 7–23 years who were seen for APD assessment at Bloomsburg University's Clinic for Hearing and Balance. Each participant was assessed with at least two questionnaire-based and at least two performance-based screening tools.ResultsSpearman correlation coefficient analysis showed a moderate relationship within questionnaire-based screening tools, whereas there was no relationship between questionnaire- and performance-based tools. Notably, the performance-based CW-FR screening tool showed a significant relationship with five diagnostic tests. The questionnaire-based screening tools did not predict APD diagnosis. The performance-based tool CW-FR (φ = 0.33) and the SCAN-3 screening battery (φ = 0.44) predicted the diagnosis of APD.ConclusionA performance-based screening tool or battery can be used to determine whether additional diagnostic APD evaluation is warranted. Referral for diagnostic assessment should not be based solely on questionnaire-based screening tools.
Comparing Morphosyntactic Profiles of Children With Developmental Language Disorder or Language Disorder Associated With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Huang Timothy , Finestack Lizbeth 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
Previous cross-population comparisons suggest a considerable overlap in the morphosyntactic profiles of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and children who experience language disorder associated with autism spectrum disorder (LD-ASD). The goal of this study was to further examine and compare the morphosyntactic profiles of the two populations using both standardized, norm-referenced assessments and language sample analysis.

Method

We used the Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test–Third Edition (Dawson et al., 2003) and the Index of Productive Syntax (in
Applied Psycholinguistics, 11
(1), 1990 by Scarborough) to compare the morphosyntactic profiles of 21 children with DLD (5;6–8;1 [years;months]) and 15 children with LD-ASD (4;4–9;8).

Results

Overall, both groups' morphosyntactic profiles were not significantly different based on the 26 structures assessed by the Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test–Third Edition. Chi-square analyses identified two structures on which the DLD group outperformed the LD-ASD group (i.e., participle and the conjunction “and”). Likewise, the groups' morphosyntactic profiles were not significantly different based on the 56 items assessed by the Index of Productive Syntax. Analyses identified only one structure on which the DLD group outperformed the LD-ASD group (i.e., S8: Infinitive) and four structures on which the LD-ASD group outperformed the DLD group (i.e., Q9: Why/when/which, etc.; Q6:
Wh
-question with auxiliary, modal, or copula; Q4:
Wh
-question with verb; and Q2: Routine question).

Conclusions
Study results suggest that the morphosyntactic profiles of children with DLD and children with LD-ASD are not significantly different. Results also suggest potential weaknesses on forms that have not been the focus of previous studies. It is important for clinicians to assess each of these forms using both standardized assessments and language sample analysis to gain a full understanding of the language profiles of children with DLD or LD-ASD.
Narrative Production in Mandarin-Speaking Children: Effects of Language Ability and Elicitation Method
Authors: Sheng Li , Shi Huanhuan , Wang Danyang , Hao Ying , Zheng Li 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
We compared the narrative production in Mandarin-speaking children at risk (AR) for developmental language disorder (DLD) and typically developing (TD) controls to address two goals: (a) further our understanding of the Mandarin DLD phenotype and (b) examine the role of elicitation method in differentiating AR from TD.

Method
Twenty-one AR children and 21 age- and nonverbal IQ–matched peers produced two stories from the Multilingual Assessment Instrument of Narrative, first following an adult model (i.e., story-retell) and then without a model (i.e., story-tell). Group and task effects were analyzed on macrostructure and microstructure measures.

Results
For general macrostructure score and sentence complexity, children in the AR group performed more poorly than TD children on the more challenging story-tell task and showed decreased scores from retell to tell tasks. In addition, children in the AR group showed poorer performance on number of different words. Productivity and grammaticality measures did not show group differences.

Discussion
Consistent with previous findings, grammaticality and productivity were relatively preserved but story macrostructure, lexical diversity, and sentence complexity were vulnerable in Mandarin-speaking children with or AR for DLD. Having an adult model benefited both groups in sentence complexity and story macrostructure and potentially helped maintain the performance in TD children as they engaged in the more challenging story-telling task.
Acquired Central Auditory Processing Disorder in Service Members and Veterans
Authors: Tepe Victoria , Papesh Melissa , Russell Shoshannah , Lewis M. Samantha , Pryor Nina , Guillory Lisa 
Published: March 2020

PurposeA growing body of evidence suggests that military service members and military veterans are at risk for deficits in central auditory processing. Risk factors include exposure to blast, neurotrauma, hazardous noise, and ototoxicants. We overview these risk factors and comorbidities, address implications for clinical assessment and care of central auditory processing deficits in service members and veterans, and specify knowledge gaps that warrant research.MethodWe reviewed the literature to identify studies of risk factors, assessment, and care of central auditory processing deficits in service members and veterans. We also assessed the current state of the science for knowledge gaps that warrant additional study. This literature review describes key findings relating to military risk factors and clinical considerations for the assessment and care of those exposed.ConclusionsCentral auditory processing deficits are associated with exposure to known military risk factors. Research is needed to characterize mechanisms, sources of variance, and differential diagnosis in this population. Existing best practices do not explicitly consider confounds faced by military personnel. Assessment and rehabilitation strategies that account for these challenges are needed. Finally, investment is critical to ensure that Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense clinical staff are informed, trained, and equipped to implement effective patient care.Infographichttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12071232
Photoprocessing of formamide ice: route towards prebiotic chemistry in space
Authors: Corazzi Maria Angela , Fedele Davide , Poggiali Giovanni , Brucato John Robert 
Published: March 2020

Aims. Formamide (HCONH2) is the simplest molecule containing the peptide bond first detected in the gas phase in Orion-KL and SgrB2. In recent years, it has been observed in high temperature regions such as hot corinos, where thermal desorption is responsible for the sublimation of frozen mantles into the gas phase. The interpretation of observations can benefit from information gathered in the laboratory, where it is possible to simulate the thermal desorption process and to study formamide under simulated space conditions such as UV irradiation.
Methods. Here, two laboratory analyses are reported: we studied formamide photo-stability under UV irradiation when it is adsorbed by space relevant minerals at 63 K and in the vacuum regime. We also investigated temperature programmed desorption of pure formamide ice in the presence of TiO2 dust before and after UV irradiation.
Results. Through these analyses, the effects of UV degradation and the interaction between formamide and different minerals are compared. We find that silicates, both hydrates and anhydrates, offer molecules a higher level of protection from UV degradation than mineral oxides. The desorption temperature found for pure formamide is 220 K. The desorption temperature increases to 250 K when the formamide desorbs from the surface of TiO2 grains.
Conclusions. Through the experiments outlined here, it is possible to follow the desorption of formamide and its fragments, simulate the desorption process in star forming regions and hot corinos, and constrain parameters such as the thermal desorption temperature of formamide and its fragments and the binding energies involved. Our results offer support to observational data and improve our understanding of the role of the grain surface in enriching the chemistry in space.
Ledentsov society: to study of the issue
Authors: Kuzmichev Andrey 
Published: March 2020

Subject. Ledentsov Society - Russia’s first private science foundation, combining the interests of business, science and society. Research hypotheses:
The first - at the beginning of the twentieth century in Russia, traditionally gravitating to the European tradition, public organizations were created aimed at the connection of science and business, one of them was the Ledentsov Society;
The second is how the Ledentsov Society formed a new entrepreneurial ecosystem in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century; Third - one of the most important results of the activity of the Ledentsov Society was the support of the scientific school of production organization at the Imperial Moscow Technical School.
The topic of creating private scientific foundations of the early twentieth century is mainly related to the study of foreign experience. This article attempts to present a different point of view representing Russian researchers.
Methodology. Narrative, comparative, and historical research methods are used.
Results. As a result of the study, it was shown that in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century, the creation of the Ledentsov Society became an important element of the new entrepreneurial ecosystem.
Conclusions. The Ledentsov Society is closely connected with the creation of a new scientific school for the organization of production at IMTU.
N. Czarnowski is not only the creator of a scientific school, but also the author of the world’s first production organization textbook.
Notfälle und Krisen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen – was ist eigentlich normal?
Authors: Lieb Susanne , Henninger Nadja , Brünger Michael 
Published: March 2020

Zu jeder gesunden Persönlichkeitsentwicklung gehören auch Krisen – insbesondere in der Jugendzeit.
Borg-Laufs et al. 2012 1
Notfallmäßige Vorstellungen und Aufnahmen von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Krisensituationen aufgrund akuter Belastungen, wegen Suizidalität, nach nicht suizidalem selbstverletzenden Verhalten oder Risikoverhalten haben sich in den letzten 15 Jahren verdoppelt bis verdreifacht. Diese stellen Kliniken und Praxen vor große Herausforderungen. Der Beitrag stellt Prinzipien und Strategien aus der dialektisch-behavioralen Therapie für Adoleszente (DBT-A) vor.
Elektronische Netzhautimplantate – ein aufgegebener Traum?
Authors: Faber Hanna , Bartz-Schmidt Karl Ulrich , Stett Alfred , Zrenner Eberhart , Stingl Katarina 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungWährend zwischen 2005 und 2016 mehr als 30 000 Cochleaimplantate in Deutschland implantiert wurden, wurden nur weniger als 1% vergleichbarer Eingriffe an der Retina durchgeführt. Die beiden für den Markt zugelassenen Implantattypen haben wirtschaftlich nicht überleben können. Die vorliegende Arbeit diskutiert die Bedeutung und die Zukunft elektronischer Retinaimplantate für die Augenheilkunde.
Zilienabhängige RPE-Zellentwicklung und der WNT-Signalweg
Authors: Kretschmer Viola , May-Simera Helen Louise 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungDas retinale Pigmentepithel (RPE) ist eine hochpolarisierte Einzelschicht quaderförmiger Epithelzellen, die dicht mit Melanin gepackt sind. Sie liegt zwischen den lichtempfindlichen Außensegmenten der Photorezeptoren und der Aderhaut (Choroidea), spielt eine essenzielle Rolle bei der Entwicklung der Photorezeptoren und übernimmt wichtige Funktionen in Bezug auf Nährstoffversorgung und Erhaltung, im Retinalstoffwechsel und bei der Abschirmung von der Blutversorgung der Aderhaut. Die Photorezeptoren durchlaufen täglich einen Erneuerungsprozess, bei dem 10% der äußeren Segmente durch das retinale Pigmentepithel phagozytiert werden. Dies erfordert eine enge Wechselwirkung zwischen dem retinalen Pigmentepithel und der Retina. Daher kann eine Störung oder eine Verzögerung der Reifung des RPE erhebliche krankheitsauslösende Auswirkungen auf die Netzhaut haben, die zu einer Degeneration der Photorezeptoren führen. Auch die Alterung des RPE beeinträchtigt die unterstützenden Funktionen, was zum fortschreitenden Verlust von Photorezeptoren und Sehvermögen beiträgt. Wie viele okuläre Zelltypen bildet auch das RPE während seiner Entwicklung eine Primärzilie, eine auf Mikrotubuli basierende Ausstülpung der Zellmembran. Sie wird mit einigen wichtigen zellulären Prozessen und verschiedenen Signalwegen in Verbindung gebracht, die wichtige Funktionen in der Entwicklung unterschiedlicher Gewebe haben. Unter anderem ist der WNT-Signalweg (WNT: wingless-related integration site) essenziell für die Polarisation und Reifung des RPE und dadurch ausschlaggebend für die Funktion dieses Epithels. Der kanonische WNT-Signalweg ist zunächst für das Zellschicksal unabdingbar. Jedoch ist dessen Herunterregulieren, was von der Lokalisation von Inversin an der Basis des Ziliums und dadurch auch von der Funktionalität der ziliären BBS-Proteine (BBS: Bardet-Biedl-Syndrom) abhängt, unerlässlich für die Umstrukturierung des Zytoskeletts und den RPE-Phänotyp. Die Zilie und ihre regulatorische Funktion sind im RPE nur transient vertreten und bilden sich im Laufe der Entwicklung wieder zurück. Durch Eingriffe in den WNT-Signalweg können die Reifung und Polarisation des RPE in vitro manipuliert werden, sodass dessen Ausdifferenzierung gewährleistet und schlussendlich möglicherweise transplantierfähiges Gewebe hergestellt werden kann. Außerdem kann die Applikation von Substanzen, die in den Signalweg eingreifen, in vivo die Differenzierung des RPE verbessern und zu einer Verbesserung des Phänotyps führen, was die retinale Degeneration aufhalten kann. Diese Literaturrecherche soll die Wichtigkeit des retinalen Pigmentepithels und die Relevanz des Zusammenspiels mit dem WNT-Signalweg für die Entwicklung des Auges deutlich machen und einen Überblick über den derzeitigen Forschungsstand geben.
Usage, media, and grammaticalization
Authors: Tao Liang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis report presents a case study on a current grammatical change in a rhetorical question不是…吗(isn’t it the case…?) and its spreading from spoken Beijing Mandarin to Mandarin Chinese in general. The study addresses three interrelated issues that concern the development and spreading of this new pattern: (1) usage-based language variation and change in spoken Beijing Mandarin; (2) Socio-cultural factors that may have promoted the adaptation of the new pattern in Mandarin Chinese; and (3) the impact of media, which may enhance the rapid spreading of the pattern in China. The report offers another instance of usage as the main driving force leading to language variation and grammaticalization.