bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterações salivares, sintomas bucais e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em pacientes com doenças neuromusculares
Authors: Alves Ferreira Andressa Kelly , Freitas Teixeira de Argôlo Isaura , Marques Soares Maria Sueli , Brito Pereira de Melo Ângelo 
Published: March 2020

Introdução: o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o fluxo salivar, sintomas bucais e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal em um grupo de pacientes com doenças neuromusculares. Materiais e Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 30 indivíduos com doenças neuromusculares atendidos no ambulatório de neuroreabilitação de um hospital universitário brasileiro entre outubro e dezembro de 2017. Foram realizados anamnese e determinação do Fluxo Salivar em Repouso e do pH salivar. Para avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal foi empregado o questionário Oral Health Impact Profile-14. Aplicou-se análise descritiva dos dados e teste qui-quadrado, adotando-se o nível de significância de 5 % (p <0.05). Resultados: a Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica foi a doença de base mais preva- lente (50 %). A média de Fluxo Salivar em Repouso foi de 0.44 ± 0.34 ml/min, sendo verificado hiperfluxo em 43.3 % dos pacientes e hipossalivação em 3.3 %. A média do pH salivar foi 6.47 ± 0.57. Os sintomas orais mais frequentes foram disfagia (56.7 %) e xerostomia (43.3 %). A média do Oral Health Impact Profile-14 foi de 5.54 ± 4.93 e 90 % dos pacientes apresentaram algum impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida. Os sintomas de disfagia, xerostomia, ardência bucal e sialorreia apresentaram associação estatisticamente significante (p <0.05) com a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal. As dimensões do Oral Health Impact Profile-14 que apresentaram maiores percentuais foram a inabilidade psicológica (14.5 %) e a limitação funcional (13.5 %). Conclusão: a maioria dos pacientes apresentaram disfunção de glândulas salivares e a presença de sintomas bucais influenciaram negativamente a percepção de qualidade de vida dos indivíduos com doenças neuromusculares.
Competitive Personalized Pricing
Authors: Chen Zhijun , Choe Chongwoo , Matsushima Noriaki 
Published: March 2020

We study a model where each competing firm has a target segment where it has full consumer information and can exercise personalized pricing, and consumers may engage in identity management to bypass the firm’s attempt to price discriminate. In the absence of identity management, more consumer information intensifies competition because firms can effectively defend their turf through targeted personalized offers, thereby setting low public prices offered to nontargeted consumers. But the effect is mitigated when consumers are active in identity management because it raises the firm’s cost of serving nontargeted consumers. When firms have sufficiently large and nonoverlapping target segments, identity management can enable firms to extract full surplus from their targeted consumers through perfect price discrimination. Identity management can also induce firms not to serve consumers who are not targeted by either firm when the commonly nontargeted market segment is small. This results in a deadweight loss. Thus, identity management by consumers can benefit firms and lead to lower consumer surplus and lower social welfare. Our main insight continues to be valid when a fraction of consumers are active in identity management or when there is a cost of identity management. We also discuss the regulatory implications for the use of consumer information by firms as well as the implications for management. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Linear and nonlinear temperature-dependent transmission/absorption characteristics of cadmium telluride crystal for terahertz generation
Authors: Kumari Archana , Chaudhary A. K. , Venkatesh M. 
Published: March 2020

This paper reports on the temperature-dependent investigation of linear
and nonlinear transmission/absorption characteristics of CdTe crystal
in the 300–408 K range using 780–970 nm tunable wavelengths of 140 fs
pulses obtained from a Ti:Sapphire laser at 80 MHz repetition rate.
The same pulses were also used for terahertz generation. The linear
transmission/absorption properties were measured using a specially
improvised temperature-tuned spectrophotometer in the 500–1500 nm
wavelength range. The linear absorption of 750 nm wavelength gradually
increases with respect to a rise in the temperature, and transmission
becomes zero at 408 K. Nonlinear absorption induced by femtosecond
pulses shows a sudden drop of 18% in transmission above the 800 nm
range, due to electron–phonon interaction, which affects the strength
of the terahertz signal. It is also responsible for change in the
temperature along with the linear shift in the refractive index of the
crystal.
Impact of coherence length on the field of view in dark-field holographic microscopy for semiconductor metrology: theoretical and experimental comparisons
Authors: Messinis Christos , Tenner Vasco T. , De Boer Johannes F. , Witte Stefan , den Boef Arie 
Published: March 2020

Semiconductor manufacturers continue to increase the component densities on computer chips by reducing the device dimensions to less than 10 nm. This trend requires faster, more precise, and more robust optical metrology tools that contain complex and high-precision optics with challenging imaging requirements. Here, we present dark-field digital holographic microscopy as a promising optical metrology technique that uses optics with acceptable complexity. A theoretical analysis and an experimental demonstration of this technique are presented, showing the impact of the coherence length of the light source on the field of view. Finally, we also present the first holographically obtained images of metrology targets.
Geometrical and physical optics analysis for mm-wavelength refractor telescopes designed to map the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Gudmundsson Jon E. 
Published: March 2020

We present a compact two-lens high-density polyethylene (HDPE)

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refractor design that is capable of supporting a 28-deg diffraction-limited field of view at 1-mm wavelengths and contrast it to a similar two-lens refractor using silicon lenses. We compare the optical properties of these two systems as predicted by both geometrical and physical optics. The presented analysis suggests that by relaxing telecentricity requirements, a plastic two-lens refractor system can be made to have a surprisingly large field of view. Furthermore, this HDPE system is found to perform comparably to a similar silicon system across a wide field of view and wavelengths up to 1 mm. We show that for both telescope designs, cold stop spillover changes significantly across the field of view in a way that is somewhat inconsistent with Gaussian beam formalism and simple

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-number scaling. We present results that highlight beam ellipticity dependence on both pixel location and pixel aperture size—an effect that is challenging to reproduce in standard geometrical optics. We show that a silicon refractor design suffers from larger cross-polarization compared to the HDPE design. Our results address the limitations of relying solely on geometrical optics to assess relative performance of two optical systems. We discuss implications for future refractor designs.
Fragmentation metrics and fragmentation-aware algorithm for spectrally/spatially flexible optical networks
Authors: Lechowicz Piotr , Tornatore Massimo , Włodarczyk Adam , Walkowiak Krzysztof 
Published: March 2020

Spectrally/spatially flexible optical networks (SS-FONs) are a promising solution to future traffic requirements in optical backbone networks. SS-FONs exploit the spatial dimension to increase the network capacity, while preserving the resource management flexibility, as they still operate within a flex-grid composed of small frequency slots (slices). A flex-grid makes it possible to realize transmission using super-channels (SChs) that comprise a set of contiguous slots. In this paper, we focus on spectral SChs, i.e., a SCh realized only on one spatial mode on each fiber. In SS-FONs, setting up and tearing down multiple lightpath requests within a flex-grid may result in spectrum fragmentation and, in turn, blocking of requests. In this work, we investigate several fragmentation metrics in a SS-FON. The problem of identifying appropriate metrics to measure fragmentation has been investigated in single-core elastic optical networks, but to the best of our knowledge, there is no such research available for SS-FONs. Therefore, we propose several fragmentation metrics for SS-FONs. We introduce the concept of bordering super-channels (B-SChs), i.e., SChs whose spectrum is allocated at the border of already allocated spectrum slots, which show promising results with regard to minimizing fragmentation. The investigation of all candidate B-SChs allows us to find the one that minimizes the network fragmentation and, in turn, spectrum waste. Hence, we propose a fragmentation-aware (FA) algorithm with bordering SChs that assigns optical resources to dynamic requests by utilizing information from the proposed fragmentation metrics and the set of candidate B-SChs. Experiments on a representative network topology show that the investigation of multiple B-SChs in the FA algorithm reduces the blocking probability when compared to the reference FA algorithms. Finally, we analyze the impact of a spatial continuity constraint on the network fragmentation.
Characterization of three varieties of Malaysian rambutan seed oil
Authors: Ghobakhlou Fatemeh , Mohd Ghazali Hasanah , Karim Roselina , Sabo Mohammed Abdulkarim 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Rambutan seed is considered a waste by-product of fruit processing. The seed waste is usually discarded or disposed in a large amount without an economic value which has become an issue that needs to be solved. However, the seed contains a considerable amount of crude fat. Aim: the purpose of this study was to characterize the physicochemical properties of oil of the seeds of three varieties of Malaysian rambutan fruit (R4, R7 and Serjan) for potential application. Materials and methods: In this study, colour, refractive index, viscosity, free fatty acid content, peroxide value, p-anisidine value, iodine value, saponification value, unsaponifiable matter, fatty acid composition, thermal behaviour, melting point, and solid fat content of rambutan seed oil from three varieties were used to characterise physicochemical properties of rambutan seed oil. Results: No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for free fatty acid content, peroxide value, p-anisidine value, saponification value, unsaponifiable matter, colour, viscosity and refractive index among three varieties. There are significant differences (p < 0.05) in the iodine value and melting point among the rambutan seed oil of three varieties. Varieties R7 and R4 seed had the highest (37.62 ± 0.10 %) and lowest (34.25 ± 0.07 %) crude fat content, respectively. Oleic (37.75-40.58 %) and arachidic (35.24-36.89 %) acids were the major fatty acids in the oil. Both melting and crystallization curves showed that the oil exhibited three distinct peaks. The complete melting and crystallization onset temperatures of the oil were 24.76–26.57°C and 21.19–22.79°C, respectively.Conclusions: This study reveals that the rambutan seed oil has potential to be used in various sectors of food industry. Therefore, rambutan seed can be fully utilized and, subsequently, the amount of waste can be minimized.
Increased Ileal Immunoglobulin A Production and Immunoglobulin A-Coated Bacteria in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Liu Yi , Yuan Xunyi , Li Lixiang , Lin Lin , Zuo Xiuli , Cong Yingzi , Li Yanqing 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Immune activation and intestinal microbial dysbiosis could induce diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). We examined the roles of ileal immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgA-coated bacteria in IBS-D pathogenesis.

METHODS:
Peripheral blood, fecal samples, and ileal and cecal biopsies were collected from 32 healthy volunteers and 44 patients with IBS-D. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to assess differential gene expression. IgA levels in the blood and fecal samples were quantified by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IgA+ cells were assessed by immunofluorescence imaging. Flow-cytometry-based IgA+ bacterial cell sorting and 16S rRNA gene sequencing (IgA-SEQ) was used to isolate and identify fecal IgA+ bacteria.

RESULTS:
Fecal IgA, particularly IgA1, was upregulated in patients with IBS-D. IgA class switch and B cell–activating factor-receptor were increased in the terminal ileum of patients. The intestinal microbiota composition was altered in patients compared with that in controls. IgA-SEQ showed that the proportion of fecal IgA-coated bacteria was increased significantly in patients with IBS-D. IgA+ bacteria in patients with IBS-D showed higher abundances of Escherichia–Shigella, Granulicatella, and Haemophilus compared with healthy controls and IgA− bacteria in patients with IBS-D. The Escherichia–Shigella IgA coating index was positively correlated with anxiety and depression. The Escherichia–Shigella relative abundance, luminal IgA activity, and some altered IgA-coated bacteria were positively associated with the clinical manifestations of IBS-D.

DISCUSSION:
Microbial dysbiosis may promote the terminal ileal mucosa to produce higher levels of IgA, increasing the proportion of IgA-coated bacteria by activating IgA class switching, which might regulate local inflammation and clinical manifestations in IBS-D. IgA may mediate the effects of microbial dysbiosis on the pathogenesis of IBS-D.
Grey Zone: A Gap Between Heavy and Severe Exercise Domain
Authors: Ozkaya Ozgur , Balci Gorkem Aybars , As Hakan , Cabuk Refik , Norouzi Mahdi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Ozkaya, O, Balci, GA, As, H, Cabuk, R, and Norouzi, M. Grey zone: A gap between heavy and severe exercise domain. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 113–120, 2022—The aim of this study was to determine a critical threshold (CT) interpreted as “the highest exercise intensity where V̇o
2 can be stabilized before reaching 95% of V̇o
2max (V̇o
2peak)” and compare it with commonly used anaerobic threshold indices. Ten well-trained male cyclists volunteered for this study. Ventilatory threshold (VT) was determined from incremental tests. Multisession constant-load trials were performed to reveal V̇o
2max. Mathematically modeled critical power (CP) was estimated through the best individual fit parameter method. Maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) was detected by 30-minute constant-load exercises. The individual CT load of each cyclist was tested by constant-load exercises to exhaustion with +15 W intervals until minimal power output to elicit V̇o
2peak. The results showed that work rate corresponding to CT (329.5 ± 41.5 W) was significantly greater than that of the MLSS (269.5 ± 38.5 W; p = 0.000), VT (279.6 ± 33 W; p = 0.000), and CP (306.3 ± 39.4 W; p = 0.000), and CP overestimated both VT and MLSS (p = 0.000). There was no significant V̇o
2 difference between the 10th and 30th minute of MLSS and MLSS + 15 W exercise (0.36–0.13 ml·min−1·kg−1; p = 0.621). Exercising V̇o
2 response of MLSS + 15 W could not exceed the level of 95% V̇o
2max (57.02 ± 3.87 ml·min−1·kg−1 and 87.2 ± 3.1% of V̇o
2max; p = 0.000), whereas V̇o
2 responses greater than 95% of V̇o
2max were always attained during exercises performed at CT + 15 W (64.52 ± 4.37 ml·min−1·kg−1 and 98.6 ± 1% of V̇o
2max; p > 0.05). In conclusion, this study indicates that there is a “grey zone” between heavy and severe exercise domain. This information may play a key role in enhancing athletic performance by improving the quality of training programs.
Testing-Specific Skating Performance in Ice Hockey
Authors: Hajek Florian , Keller Martin , Taube Wolfgang , von Duvillard Serge P. , Bell Jeffrey W. , Wagner Herbert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Hajek, F, Keller, M, Taube, W, von Duvillard, SP, Bell, JW, and Wagner, H. Testing-specific skating performance in ice hockey. J Strength Cond Res 35(12S): S70–S75, 2020—Skating performance generally determines overall performance in ice hockey but has not been measured adequately in the past. Consequently, the aim of the study was to develop and validate a specific overall skating performance test for ice hockey (SOSPT) that includes similar movements and intensities as in competition. Ten male elite under-14-year and under-18-year old ice hockey players performed the SOSPT (2 heats only) and a 40-m on-ice sprinting test twice within 8 days. Additionally, 14 under-15, 18 under-17, and 20 under-20 male elite ice hockey players performed only the SOSPT (4 heats). Time was measured from the first subject's movement during a V-start until crossing the line (40-m on-ice sprinting test), first touch of the shoulder on the mat (heat #1 in the SOSPT) or first touch of the puck with the stick (heat #2 in the SOSPT) using a hand stopwatch. We found a high test-retest reliability of the SOSPT and 40-m on-ice sprinting test (interclass correlation coefficient, >0.7; coefficient of variation, <5%) with highly significant differences (p < 0.001) between the under-15, under-17, and under-20 players, a high correlation (r > 0.70) between an expert rating and the SOSPT, and a low correlation between the 40-m on-ice sprinting test and the SOSPT in the under-14 and under-18 players. The results of the study reveal that the SOSPT is a reliable and valid test to determine the specific overall skating performance in ice hockey players and is more suitable compared with straight skating tests of the 40-m on-ice sprinting test.
Physical Preparation Strategies of Professional Jockeys
Authors: Kiely Michael , Warrington Giles , McGoldrick Adrian , Cullen Sarahjane 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Kiely, M, Warrington, G, McGoldrick, A, and Cullen, S. Physical preparation strategies of professional jockeys. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3184–3189, 2022—Professional horse racing is a physically demanding sport. The aim of the study was to examine the physical preparation strategies of jockeys for racing. A questionnaire was developed and validated which comprised of 4 sections; (a) background information, (b) making weight and current associated exercise habits, (c) current physical activity practices, and (d) jockey perceptions of strength and conditioning (S&C) and current practices. Eighty-five jockeys (n = 38 professional flat, n = 47 professional jump) completed the questionnaire in race course weighing rooms representing 80% of the professional athlete population. In total, 77.6% of jockeys participate in physical activity outside of riding. Jockeys that participated in S&C (42.4%) reported their most frequent type of S&C practice; cardio (52.8%), high-intensity interval training (33.3%), flexibility and mobility training (8.3%), resistance training (5.6%). There was no significant difference in S&C participation between total flat and total jump licenses (p = 0.530; [PHI] = 0.068). Difficulty making weight was reported by 55.3% of jockeys. Exercise alone was used by 29.4% of jockeys to rapidly reduce weight. There was no significant difference (p = 0.201, [PHI] = 0.357) between the frequency of rapid weight loss per month for total flat (1.7 ± 1.7) and total jump jockeys (1.6 ± 0.5). This study represents the only published data on the physical preparation strategies of jockeys. Jockeys do not partake in physical activity, which mimics the repeated high-intensity demands of racing. Future research is required to examine the effects of specific S&C interventions on riding performance.
Varying the Order of Combinations of Single- and Multi-Joint Exercises Differentially Affects Resistance Training Adaptations
Authors: Brandão Lucas , de Salles Painelli Vitor , Lasevicius Thiago , Silva-Batista Carla , Brendon Helderson , Schoenfeld Brad Jon , Aihara André Yui , Cardoso Fabiano Nassar , de Almeida Peres Bergson , Teixeira Emerson Luiz 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Brandão, L, de Salles Painelli, V, Lasevicius, T, Silva-Batista, C, Brendon, H, Schoenfeld, BJ, Aihara, AY, Cardoso, FN, de Almeida Peres, B, and Teixeira, EL. Varying the order of combinations of single- and multi-joint exercises differentially affects resistance training adaptations. J Strength Cond Res 34(5): 1254–1263, 2020—Our study aimed to compare the effects of multi-joint (MJ) and single-joint (SJ) exercises, either isolated or in combination, and in different orders, on cross-sectional area (CSA) of the pectoralis major (PM) and different heads of the triceps brachii (TB), as well as on the one-repetition maximum (1-RM) in the bench press and lying barbell triceps press. Forty-three young men were randomly assigned to one of 4 possible RT protocols: barbell bench press plus lying barbell triceps press (MJ + SJ, n = 12); lying barbell triceps press plus barbell bench press (SJ + MJ, n = 10); barbell bench press (MJ, n = 10); or lying barbell triceps press (SJ, n = 11). Results showed significant within-group increases in 1-RM bench press for MJ, MJ + SJ, and SJ + MJ but not for SJ. Conversely, significantly greater within-group increases in elbow extension 1-RM were noted for SJ, MJ + SJ, and SJ + MJ but not for MJ. Significantly greater increases in PM CSA were observed for MJ, MJ + SJ, and SJ + MJ compared with SJ. Significant increases in TB CSA were noted for SJ, MJ + SJ, and SJ + MJ, but not for MJ, without observed between-group differences. Individual analysis of TB heads showed significantly greater CSA increases in the lateral head for MJ, MJ + SJ, and SJ + MJ compared with SJ. Alternatively, significantly greater increases in the long head were observed for SJ, MJ + SJ, and SJ + MJ compared with MJ. CSA increases for the medial head were statistically similar between conditions. Our findings indicate that muscular adaptations are differentially affected by performance of MJ and SJ exercises.