bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalência de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em pessoas com a síndrome do túnel do carpo
Authors: Paiva Filho Henver Ribeiro , Pedroso Franco Luiz Cabral , Bueno Fernando Brito , Paiva Valdênia Graças Nascimento , Oliveira Elias Felix , Rocha Murilo Antônio 
Published: June 2020

Resumo
Objetivos Demonstrar a prevalência de sintomas de depressão e ansiedade em pessoas com a síndrome do túnel do carpo atendidas em um ambulatório de cirurgia da mão e descrever as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dessa população.
Métodos Foram avaliadas pessoas com o diagnóstico de síndrome do túnel do carpo na consulta inicial em um período de coleta de dados de 6 meses. Características clínicas e epidemiológicas foram anotadas, e as pessoas que possuíam diagnóstico de ansiedade e/ou depressão foram avaliadas.
Resultados Um total de 101 pessoas apresentavam síndrome do túnel do carpo e destas, 38 apresentavam diagnóstico de depressão e 29 de ansiedade. Houve prevalência de mulheres de baixa renda, com predominância do nível de escolaridade fundamental. Mais da metade dos pacientes apresentava pelo menos uma comorbidade sistêmica associada.
Conclusão Tanto para ansiedade como para depressão, as características que influenciaram estatisticamente nos sintomas em pacientes com síndrome do túnel do carpo independente das demais características avaliadas foram gênero, tabagismo, e renda familiar (p < 0,05).
Psychometric Characteristics of Spanish Monosyllabic, Bisyllabic, and Trisyllabic Words for Use in Word-Recognition Protocols
Authors: Carlo Mitzarie A. , Wilson Richard H. , Villanueva-Reyes Albert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground English materials for speech audiometry are well established. In Spanish, speech-recognition materials are not standardized with monosyllables, bisyllables, and trisyllables used in word-recognition protocols.Purpose This study aimed to establish the psychometric characteristics of common Spanish monosyllabic, bisyllabic, and trisyllabic words for potential use in word-recognition procedures.Research Design Prospective descriptive study.Study Sample Eighteen adult Puerto Ricans (M = 25.6 years) with normal hearing [M = 7.8-dB hearing level (HL) pure-tone average] were recruited for two experiments.Data Collection and Analyses A digital recording of 575 Spanish words was created (139 monosyllables, 359 bisyllables, and 77 trisyllables), incorporating materials from a variety of Spanish word-recognition lists. Experiment 1 (n = 6) used 25 randomly selected words from each of the three syllabic categories to estimate the presentation level ranges needed to obtain recognition performances over the 10 to 90% range. In Experiment 2 (n = 12) the 575 words were presented over five 1-hour sessions using presentation levels from 0- to 30-dB HL in 5-dB steps (monosyllables), 0- to 25-dB HL in 5-dB steps (bisyllables), and −3- to 17-dB HL in 4-dB steps (trisyllables). The presentation order of both the words and the presentation levels were randomized for each listener. The functions for each listener and each word were fit with polynomial equations from which the 50% points and slopes at the 50% point were calculated.Results The mean 50% points and slopes at 50% were 8.9-dB HL, 4.0%/dB (monosyllables), 6.9-dB HL, 5.1%/dB (bisyllables), and 1.4-dB HL, 6.3%/dB (trisyllables). The Kruskal–Wallis test with Mann–Whitney U post-hoc analysis indicated that the mean 50% points and slopes at the 50% points of the individual word functions were significantly different among the syllabic categories. Although significant differences were observed among the syllabic categories, substantial overlap was noted in the individual word functions, indicating that the psychometric characteristics of the words were not dictated exclusively by the syllabic number. Influences associated with word difficulty, word familiarity, singular and plural form words, phonetic stress patterns, and gender word patterns also were evaluated.Conclusion The main finding was the direct relation between the number of syllables in a word and word-recognition performance. In general, words with more syllables were more easily recognized; there were, however, exceptions. The current data from young adults with normal hearing established the psychometric characteristics of the 575 Spanish words on which the formulation of word lists for both threshold and suprathreshold measures of word-recognition abilities in quiet and in noise and other word-recognition protocols can be based.
Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients after Repair of Esophageal Atresia: A Review of Current Literature
Authors: Dellenmark-Blom Michaela , Quitmann Julia , Dingemann Carmen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPatients born with esophageal atresia (EA) require advanced reconstructive surgery and risk long-term digestive and respiratory morbidity. We describe the state of current literature on these patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and give recommendations for future research. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PsychINFO and included articles from 2015 to December 28, 2019. Criteria for selecting articles were predefined. Seventeen articles describing HRQoL among children, adolescents, and adults were found, two of which focused on adults only. Six studies included international samples and among 15 quantitative studies sample sizes varied from 17 to 928 (median: 46). Seven different HRQoL questionnaires were used for children, three of which were specially adjusted for EA, of which one was reported validity and reliability. Four questionnaires were used for adults, one of which was generic and three symptom-specific, referring to swallowing or to the gastrointestinal tract. Hence, HRQoL outcomes were described differently. However, several studies of pediatric patients with EA revealed associations between lower HRQoL and particular congenital and surgical characteristics, which reflected disease severity. In two out of three articles, pediatric patients with EA had lower overall scores than healthy children. Digestive symptoms consistently lowered HRQoL scores in children and adults. Prior to 2015, only 12 studies were published, which illustrate a recent expansion in this field. Various HRQoL aspects and heterogeneous samples are examined, and outcomes differently reported. Current literature suggests that clinical subgroups of children with EA present with impaired HRQoL and that digestive symptomology influence HRQoL negatively. Conclusions of studies focusing on adults with EA are difficult to draw. Additional research is required.
Reconstrução do membro inferior com retalho fasciocutâneo de pedículo distal - Técnica de Monteiro modificada, série de 15 casos
Authors: Montenegro Saulo Souto , Costa Antônio Carlos , Meves Robert 
Published: June 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Descrever e demonstrar o desfecho da técnica modificada de Monteiro (1991) para a reconstrução do membro inferior com retalho fasciocutâneo de pedículo distal numa série de 15 casos.
Método Com uma série de 15 casos, apresentamos a técnica e o desfecho da técnica modificada do retalho fasciocutâneo de pedículo distal com para a reparação do terço inferior da perna e do pé.
Resultados Os resultados foram satisfatórios porque os retalhos proporcionaram boa cobertura de pele e tecido celular subcutâneo nos casos de exposição óssea e perda cutânea. A área doadora foi fechada 3 dias após a cirurgia, com enxerto de pele de espessura parcial, proporcionando uma melhor viabilidade do enxerto.
Conclusão O retalho fasciocutâneo de pedículo distal mostrou-se como uma boa opção para a reconstrução do terço médio e inferior da perna, oferecendo boa cobertura óssea.
Journey around the Notch: A Systematic Review on the History of ACL Reconstruction in the United States
Authors: White Alex E. , Van Nest Duncan , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Freedman Kevin B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe evolution of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery, seemingly circular at times, informs and provides context for past and current controversies in ACL management. The purpose of this systematic review is to objectively summarize the historical course of ACL reconstruction and repair in the United States over the last 40 years. Femoral tunnel drilling and graft selection have evolved dramatically over the last few decades. An initial focus on restoring ACL anatomy was for a period sacrificed for decreased operative morbidity. However, recent developments in operative techniques aim to restore ACL anatomy while also achieving minimal operative morbidity. Despite this historically iterative process, there remains no perfect choice for the treatment of ACL tears. Continued research on ACL repair, anatomic graft placement, graft choice, and augmentation will help our patients over the next generation.
Environmental sustainability is not worth pursuing unless it is achieved for ethical reasons
Authors: Zagonari Fabio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper analytically characterizes the four main environmental sustainability paradigms (i.e., WS, weak sustainability; AG, a-growth; DG, de-growth; and SS, strong sustainability) by introducing uncertainty about future preferences for consumption and future technologies. SS represents an ethical approach because of its maximum aversion to inter-generational inequality of resources, whereas DG depicts preference changes, AG depicts technology changes, and WS represents the reference paradigm without accounting for preference or technology changes. By comparing the costs and benefits of these paradigms, solutions derived for the whole parameter domains based on data for a globally representative individual suggest that whenever environmental sustainability is pursued for welfare reasons within a utilitarian perspective (i.e., WS, AG, DG), it is not worth pursuing. In contrast, if environmental sustainability is achieved for ethical reasons within an egalitarian perspective (i.e., SS), it is worth pursuing, even with an increased world population. In terms of feasibility (i.e., whether there are realistic parameter values such that a given sustainability paradigm can achieve its goal), solutions are ranked ethics > preference > technology (i.e., SS > DG > AG), whereas WS is unfeasible. Thus, WS, AG, and DG are inconsistent sustainability paradigms, SS empirically solves the theoretical dispute on absolute rights, and environmental sustainability must be treated as an ethical issue. A conceptual discussion about environmental ethics and a statistical analysis based on panel data at a country level support the same insights. In terms of reliability (i.e., whether there are national policies or international agreements which can support a feasible sustainability paradigm), SS could be enforced by a global environmental agreement, supported by 66/55% of governments (i.e., top-down approach) and by 56/51% of citizens (i.e., bottom-up approach), in the most certain/uncertain scenarios, respectively.
A qualitative exploration of individual differences in wellbeing for highly sensitive individuals
Authors: Black Becky A. , Kern Margaret L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCultures explicitly and implicitly create and reinforce social norms and expectations, which impact upon how individuals make sense of and experience their place within that culture. Numerous studies find substantial differences across a range of behavioral and cognitive indices between what have been called “Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD)” societies and non-WEIRD cultures. Indeed, lay conceptions and social norms around wellbeing tend to emphasize social outgoingness and high-arousal positive emotions, with introversion and negative emotion looked down upon or even pathologized. However, this extravert-centric conception of wellbeing does not fit many individuals who live within WEIRD societies, and studies find that this mismatch can have detrimental effects on their wellbeing. There is a need to better understand how wellbeing is created and experienced by the large number of people for whom wellbeing manifests in alternative ways. This study investigated one such manifestation—the personality trait of sensory processing sensitivity (SPS)—qualitatively investigating how sensitive individuals experience and cultivate wellbeing within a WEIRD society. Twelve adults participated in semi-structured interviews. Findings suggest that highly sensitive individuals perceive that wellbeing arises from harmony across multiple dimensions. Interviewees emphasized the value of low-intensity positive emotion, self-awareness, self-acceptance, positive social relationships balanced by times of solitude, connecting with nature, contemplative practices, emotional self-regulation, practicing self-compassion, having a sense of meaning, and hope/optimism. Barriers of wellbeing included physical health issues and challenges with saying no to others. This study provides a rich idiographic representation of SPS wellbeing, highlighting diverse pathways, which can lead to wellbeing for individuals for whom wellbeing manifests in ways that contradict the broader social narratives in which they reside.
Sum of oscillator-strength moments and asymptotic behaviour of thermally induced broadening and shift of energy levels of Rydberg atom circular states
Authors: Glukhov I.L. , Kamenski A.A. , Ovsiannikov V.D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Based on the rules for summing oscillator-strength moments, we derive analytical expressions for environmentally (thermally) induced energy-level shifts and broadenings of circular Rydberg states with maximum orbital (l) and magnetic (m) quantum numbers, l = |m| = n – 1. The formulae for the energy of interaction with blackbody radiation are presented in the form of series expansion in even powers of the small parameter η = Z
2/(n
3
k
B
T) ≪ 1 in the region of high temperatures T and principal quantum numbers n (Z is the charge of the residual ion). The expression for the thermally induced width contains a negative temperature-independent term coinciding in absolute value with the spontaneous width, so that the temperature-independent term is absent in the expression for the sum of the spontaneous and thermally induced widths. A similar expansion in powers of η for the thermally induced shift also contains a temperature-independent term proportional to 1/n
6.
Atom femtosecond optical trap based on spectrally filtered laser radiation
Authors: Mashko A.M. , Meysterson A.A. , Afanasiev A.E. , Balykin V.I. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We have examined the use of alkali metal (rubidium) vapour for spectral filtering of broadband pulsed laser light that is used to produce a femtosecond pulsed optical dipole trap. It has been shown that, even at large detuning of the centre emission frequency from the frequency of atomic transitions, spectral components present in the wings of the laser emission line are capable of heating localised atoms, thus reducing their lifetime in the atomic trap. Using atomic vapour for filtering the laser emission spectrum, we have suppressed its spectral components resulting in heating. This has made it possible to increase the lifetime of atoms in the pulsed optical dipole trap to a value comparable to their lifetime in an optical trap formed by narrow-band cw laser light.
Structure of a chaotic tangle of quantum vortices in turbulent superfluid liquids and in a Bose – Einstein condensate
Authors: Nemirovskii S.K. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Based on the theory of the thermodynamic equilibrium in a system of quantum vortices in superfluid liquids and in a Bose – Einstein condensate in the presence of a counterflow of normal and superfluid components, we investigate the structure of a chaotic tangle of quantum vortices in turbulent superfluid liquids. Using the characteristic functional method, the properties of hydrodynamic vortex filaments are examined. It is shown that the average curvature of the vortex lines is on the order of the intervortex distance, with the proportionality coefficient being independent of the counterflow velocity. It is found that the degree of anisotropy of the vortex loops does not depend on the applied counterflow velocity. The obtained results explain the origin of the anisotropy as well as the relationship between the curvature of the lines and the intervortex space and their dependence on the parameters of the problem.
Human influence has intensified extreme precipitation in North America
Authors: Kirchmeier-Young Megan C. , Zhang Xuebin 
Published: June 2020

SignificanceExtreme precipitation is relevant to many interests, and observations show an increasing trend that is expected to continue under future projections. Although previous work has identified an anthropogenic influence on extreme precipitation at hemispheric scales, this study finds robust results for a continental scale. We establish that anthropogenic climate change has contributed to the intensification of continental and regional extreme precipitation. Furthermore, we also show that the anthropogenic influence on North American regional precipitation will lead to more frequent and intense precipitation extremes in the future.
TiPARP forms nuclear condensates to degrade HIF-1α and suppress tumorigenesis
Authors: Zhang Lu , Cao Ji , Dong Longying , Lin Hening 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Our study establishes TiPARP as a turning-off mechanism for a number of important transcription factors, including HIF-1, c-Myc, and estrogen receptor. The study also establishes that TiPARP forms nuclear condensates in an ADP ribosylation-dependent manner, which provides important insights to understand how condensates formation is regulated by protein posttranslational modifications. On the therapeutic front, our study suggests that small molecules that activate TiPARP can be anticancer agents.
Vertebrates on the brink as indicators of biological annihilation and the sixth mass extinction
Authors: Ceballos Gerardo , Ehrlich Paul R. , Raven Peter H. 
Published: June 2020

SignificanceThe ongoing sixth mass extinction may be the most serious environmental threat to the persistence of civilization, because it is irreversible. Thousands of populations of critically endangered vertebrate animal species have been lost in a century, indicating that the sixth mass extinction is human caused and accelerating. The acceleration of the extinction crisis is certain because of the still fast growth in human numbers and consumption rates. In addition, species are links in ecosystems, and, as they fall out, the species they interact with are likely to go also. In the regions where disappearing species are concentrated, regional biodiversity collapses are likely occurring. Our results reemphasize the extreme urgency of taking massive global actions to save humanity’s crucial life-support systems.
Monotonicity in inverse obstacle scattering on unbounded domains
Authors: Albicker Annalena , Griesmaier Roland 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We consider an inverse obstacle scattering problem for the Helmholtz equation with obstacles that carry mixed Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. We discuss far field operators that map superpositions of plane wave incident fields to far field patterns of scattered waves, and we derive monotonicity relations for the eigenvalues of suitable modifications of these operators. These monotonicity relations are then used to establish a novel characterization of the support of mixed obstacles in terms of the corresponding far field operators. We apply this characterization in reconstruction schemes for shape detection and object classification, and we present numerical results to illustrate our theoretical findings.
Enhanced parametric pulse amplification in a comparable-mass plasma affected by charge state
Authors: Chen Y , Zheng C Y , Liu Z J , Cao L H , Feng Q S , Xiao C Z 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Enhanced stimulated Brillouin scattering and stimulated Raman scattering are shown in comparable-mass plasma by considering charge state through a simplified theoretical model and particle-in-cell simulations. We present a more general dispersion relation of plasma wave with arbitrary mass ratio

(
β
=

m

e

/

m

i

)

and charge state

(
Z
=

Z

i

,

Z

e

=
1
)

compared to the previous electron–positron plasma study. Further, the ion-bulk mode is responsible for Brillouin amplification from kinetic analysis. Higher intensities of seed laser pulse amplification through stimulated Brillouin scattering are observed in βZ = 1 type plasmas and β = 1 type plasmas as Z increases; the former is caused by kinetic effects, while the latter is due to the higher growth rates of instability. Our results will have potential application in pulse amplification in the comparable-mass plasmas with charge state Z > 1, such as plasma of

C

60

−

/

C

60

+

,

C

60

2
+

,

C

60

3
+

.
Spatial measurement of axial and radial momentum fluxes of a plasma expanding in a magnetic nozzle
Authors: Takahashi Kazunori , Sugawara Takeharu , Ando Akira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Spatial profiles of axial and radial momentum fluxes of a plasma expanding in a magnetic nozzle is revealed by using a momentum vector measurement instrument located downstream of a radiofrequency plasma source, where the radial and axial forces exerted to the detector plate facing the source side are independently, directly, and simultaneously obtained. It is shown that a conical structure having high electron temperature and plasma density is significantly responsible for the axial momentum flux, which corresponds to the thrust in an electric propulsion device. The radially outward momentum flux is detected at the outer region of the conical structure, where the electron pressure gradient is formed; implying that the ions are radially accelerated by an electric field. The increase in the radially integrated axial momentum flux along the axis is demonstrated, where the gain of the axial momentum flux occurs at the radially peripheral region of the plasma expanding along the magnetic nozzle.
Global Argo data fast receiving and post-quality-control system
Authors: Li Z Q , Liu Z H , Lu S L 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWithin the past 20 years, the international Argo program has acquired more than 2 million temperature and salinity profiles throughout the global ocean. It has become the most efficient means of obtaining ocean observations from upper–intermediate layers. The profile data provided by the Argo Global Data Assembly Centres (GDACs) are submitted by 11 data centres in 9 countries after undergoing quality control. However, because the quality of the submitted data lacks uniformity, users must conduct post-quality-control processing prior to using the data. For this purpose, the China Argo Real-Time Data Centre (CARDC) has developed a system to achieve both rapid global Argo data reception and post-quality-control processing of all temperature and salinity profiles. Already in operation, the system allows daily transfer of global post-quality-controlled Argo data to various operating divisions. The system synchronizes with the GDAC server once each day, extracts all updated Argo profiles, and then automatically reads the data and performs a post-quality-control process comprising 15 quality control tests. The automatic post-quality-control system can detect errors in observation time and satellite fix, as well as identify temperature and salinity spikes, frozen profiles, density inversions and salinity drift/offset. The data quality following the post-quality-control processing has been shown improved effectively. In the future, it is expected that CARDC will update the Argo global ocean observational data set once a quarter.