bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic profiles of non-embryogenic and embryogenic callus cells in a highly regenerative Upland Cotton line (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Wen Li , Li Wei , Parris Stephen , West Matthew , Lawson John , Smathers Michael , Li Zhigang , Jones Don , Jin Shuangxia , Saski Christopher 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
• Background
• Genotype independent transformation and whole plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis relies heavily on the intrinsic ability of a genotype to regenerate.
• Results
• In this study, gene expression profiles of a highly regenerable Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivar, Jin668, were analyzed at two critical developmental stages during somatic embryogenesis, non-embryogenic callus (NEC) cells and embryogenic callus (EC) cells. The rate of EC formation in Jin668 is 96%. Differential gene expression analysis revealed a total of 5,333 differentially expressed genes (DEG) with 2,534 upregulated and 2,799 downregulated in EC. A total of 144 genes were unique to NEC cells and 174 genes unique to EC. Clustering and enrichment analysis identified genes upregulated in EC that function as transcription factors/DNA binding, phytohormone response, oxidative reduction, and regulators of transcription; while genes categorized in methylation pathways were downregulated. Four key transcription factors were identified based on their sharp upregulation in EC tissue; LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 (LEC1), BABY BOOM (BBM), FUSCA (FUS3) and AGAMOUS-LIKE15 with distinguishable subgenome expression bias.
• Conclusions
• This comparative analysis of NEC and EC transcriptomes gives new insights into the genetic underpinnings of somatic embryogenesis in cotton.
Leukopenia of Asymptomatic COVID-19 Infections under 18 Years Old in Recovery Stage
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yuan Youshu , Yang Zhengqiao , Fu Jinxia , Zhang Yun , Ma Ming , Wu Weidong , Zhou Hourong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background In December, 2019, a type of novel coronavirus which was designated novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV) by World Health Organization (WHO) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei, China. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of those patients under 18 years old in the recovery stage are limited. To compare the difference of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 involving 25 patients under 18 years old in recovery stage between confirmed and asymptomatic infections.Methods Retrospective, single-center cohort study of COVID-19 involving 25 patients under 18 years old in the recovery stage at Guizhou Provincial Staff Hospital in Guiyang, China, from January 29, to March 31, 2020; final date of follow-up was April 22. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 infections and asymptomatic infections were compared.Results Among the 25 COVID infections under 18 years old, 16 (64%) were mild or moderate confirmed cases, and 9 (36%) were asymptomatic. The shortest treatment period was 6 days, the longest 26 days, and the average treatment period 14 days. Four cases (44.4%) had visited Wuhan or had a living story in the city. There were 9 (100%) asymptomatic cases were familial cluster outbreak, with an average infection number was 6 cases among all families. The number of asymptomatic COVID-19 infections’ Leukopenia were significantly more than confirmed cases (p = 0.04).Conclusions Leukopenia mostly occurred in asymptomatic COVID-19 infections under 18 years old compared with the confirmed patients.
Depression in patients with knee osteoarthritis: risk factors and associations with joint symptoms
Authors: Zheng Shuang , Tu Liudan , Cicuttini Flavia , Zhu Zhaohua , Han Weiyu , Antony Benny , Wluka Anita E. , Winzenberg Tania , Aitken Dawn , Blizzard Leigh , Jones Graeme , Ding Changhai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background To describe demographic and clinical factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of depression and explore the temporal relationship between depression and joint symptoms in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods 413 participants were selected from a randomized controlled trial in people with symptomatic knee OA and vitamin D deficiency (age 63.2 ± 7.0 year, 50.4% female). Depression severity and knee joint symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), respectively, at baseline and 24 months. Results The prevalence and incidence of depression was 25.4% and 11.2%, respectively. At baseline, having a higher body mass index (BMI), greater scores of WOMAC pain (PR: 1.05, 95%CI:1.03, 1.07), dysfunction (PR: 1.02, 95%CI:1.01, 1.02) and stiffness (PR: 1.05, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.09), lower education level, having more than one comorbidity and having two or more painful body sites were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of depression. Over 24 months, being female, having a higher WOMAC pain (RR: 1.04, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.08) and dysfunction score (RR: 1.01, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.02) at baseline and having two or more painful sites were significantly associated with a higher incidence of depression. In contrast, baseline depression was not associated with changes in knee joint symptoms over 24 months. Conclusion Knee OA risk factors and joint symptoms, along with co-existing multi-site pain are associated with the prevalence and development of depression. This suggests that managing common OA risk factors and joint symptoms could be important for prevention and treatment depression in patients with knee OA.
CENPF driven lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma with immune infiltrates
Authors: Li Lei , Zheng Pengchao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: CENPF (centromere protein F) is a critical gene that associates with the centromere-kinetochore complex and plays an important role in the tumor development. However, the associations of CENPF expression and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in lung cancer remain unknown. Methods: CENPF expression and prognostic factor was analyzed via the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) site. The correlation between CENPF and cancer immune infiltrates was investigated via and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) site. Further, correlations between CENPF expression and gene marker sets of immune infiltrates were analyzed by TIMER. Results: The TCGA database of Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients showed that high CENPF expression was associated with poorer overall survival (OS HR=1.5, P=0.01) and disease-free survival (DFS HR=1.4, P=0.027) in LUAD. Specifically, high CENPF expression have no correlated with worse OS (OS HR=0.78, P=0.071) and DFS (DFS HR=1, P=0.87) in LUSC. CENPF expression was positively correlated with infiltrating levels of B cells, macrophage in LUAD, B cells, and CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (DCs) in LUSC. CENPF expression showed strong correlations with diverse immune marker sets in LUAD, and LUSC. After down-regulating the expression of CENPF, the proliferative capacity of Lung adenocarcinoma and Lung squamous cell carcinoma cells was inhibited. ﻿Conclusions: This report suggest that CENPF is high expression, correlated with poor prognosis and immune infiltrating levels of, including those of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and DCs in in LUAD and LUSC. In addition, CENPF expression is potentially closely related to the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells. These studies suggest that CENPF can be used as a new prognostic target for determining prognosis and immune infiltration in Lung adenocarcinoma and Lung squamous cell carcinoma.
Vascular Obliteration Due To Endothelial And Myointimal Growth In COVID-19
Authors: Valtueña Jara , Martínez-García Gerardo , Ruiz-Sánchez Daniel , Garayar-Cantero María , Dueñas Carlos , Aguado-García Ángel , Paula Jose María Prieto de , López Pilar Manchado 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a systemic multi-organ viral invasion. Previous studies found that many patients had a procoagulant state and/or severe hypoxemia with relatively well-preserved lung mechanics. Mechanisms underlying the vascular and its surrounding tissue are not well known yet. Histological data in Covid-19 tissues´ patients are still limited and mainly focused on post-mortem analysis. Since SARS-CoV-2 largely affects cutaneous tissue, we aim to examine in depth skin lesions related to Covid-19 in order to understand better how the disease might affect living tissue.Methods: Five skin lesions from Covid-19 adult patients were selected for histological tissue examination. Vast amount of data of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and direct immunofluorescent (DIF) were part of the assessment. Results: A common strong vasculopathic reaction pattern based on prominent vascular endothelial and myointimal cellgrowth was identified. Endothelial cell distortion generated vascular lumen obliteration and a strike erythrocyte and serum extravasation. Extensive significant vascular C4d and C3 deposition throughout vascular cell wall was also identified. A regenerative epidermal hyperplasia with tissue structure preservation was found. Conclusions: Covid-19 could comprise an obliterative micro-angiopathy consisting on endothelial and myointimal intensive growth with complement activation. This mechanism, together with increased vascular permeability identified, could contribute to obliterative vascular lumen and hemorrhage in Covid-19. Activation of the complement and angiogenic pathways could have an important role in inducing and maintaining this vasculopathic reaction pattern. Thus, anticoagulation by itself could not completely reverse vascular lumen obliteration, with consequent hemorrhagic increased risk associated. Skin is the largest organ in the body, the most accessible one and can mirror other organs of the body. Findings of this study could contribute to a better understanding of physio-pathological mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection on living tissue and could help further studies find potential targets for specific therapeutic interventions in Covid-19 severe patients.
Does Sars-Cov-2 Threaten Our Dreams? Effect of Quarantine on Sleep Quality and Body Mass Index
Authors: Barrea Luigi , Pugliese Gabriella , Framondi Lydia , Matteo Rossana Di , Laudisio Daniela , Savastano Silvia , Colao Annamaria , Muscogiuri Giovanna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID 19- related quarantine led to a sudden and radical lifestyle changes, in particular in eating habits. Objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of quarantine on sleep quality (SQ) and body mass index (BMI), and if change in SQ was related to working modalities.Materials: We enrolled 121 adults (age 44.9±13.3 years and 35.5% males). Anthropometric parameters, working modalities and physical activity were studied. Sleep quality was evaluated by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). At baseline, the enrolled subjects were assessed in outpatient clinic and after 40 days of quarantine/lockdown by phone interview. Results: Overall, 49.6% of the subjects were good sleepers (PSQI < 5) at the baseline and significantly decreased after quarantine (p<0.001). In detail, sleep onset latency (p<0.001), sleep efficiency (p=0.03), sleep disturbances (p<0.001), and daytime dysfunction (p<0.001) significantly worsened. There was also a significant increase in BMI values in normal weight (p=0.023), in subjects grade I (p=0.027) and II obesity (p=0.020). In all cohort, physical activity was significantly increased (p=0.004). However, analyzing the data according gender difference, males significantly increased physical activity compared to females in which there was only a trend without reaching statistical significance (46.5% vs 74.4%; p=0.015 and 50.0% vs 64.1%, p=0.106; in males and females, respectively). Also, smart working activity resulted in a significant worsening of SQ, particularly in males (p<0.001). Conclusions: Quarantine was associated to a worsening of SQ, particularly in males doing smart working, and to an increase in BMI values.
PADRONIZAÇÃO DISCRICIONÁRIA EM PROCESSOS HOSPITALARES: UM MODELO CONCEITUAL PARA A COMPREENSÃO DO TRABALHO EM AMBIENTES LEAN HEALTHCARE
Authors: De Carvalho Turati Ricardo , Veloso Saes Elizangela , De Oliveira Vasconcelos Karina 
Published: May 2020

Os hospitais são grandes organizações de serviços responsáveis pelo bem estar da população e também por boa parte dos recursos financeiros destinados a saúde, de forma a desempenhar um importante papel na sociedade. Diante deste cenário, os hospitais tem demandado um aumento no uso de ferramentas de gestão e melhoria de seus processos de negócio, tendo como principal direcionador o Lean Healthcare. Desse modo, como forma de contribuir no aprimoramento das aplicações do Lean Healthcare em hospitais, apresenta-se o objetivo deste trabalho que constituiu na introdução de um modelo conceitual, o qual apresenta um novo conceito concernente ao processo de padronização do trabalho, denominado de Padronização Discricionária do Trabalho. Esse modelo consiste em inovar a forma como a padronização do trabalho tem sido aplicada em ambientes hospitalares. O modelo foi desenvolvido por meio de uma pesquisa teórica-conceitual, o que permitiu estabelecer e descrever três níveis de análise, as quais devem direcionar o processo de padronização e os diferentes níveis de customização o qual o processo está suscetível. As diferentes visões sobre a utilização da padronização do trabalho na manufatura e nos hospitais foram tratadas dando origem a 10 enfoques a serem observados. Desse modo, a contribuição da padronização discricionária do trabalho em processos hospitalares proposta neste estudo tem por missão dar destaque na padronização dos processos de trabalho existentes nos hospitais, afastando-se de uma visão restrita em determinar qual deve ser o trabalho prescrito, uma vez que este último deve estar sob a competência do corpo clínico. Um modelo conceitual foi desenvolvido, o qual permite identificar as particularidades de cada setor do hospital e adequar à padronização de acordo com seu respectivo setor ou departamento.
A Review of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Hypericin in Foods, Herbal, Biological and Pharmaceutical Matrices
Authors: de Araújo Patricia Rocha , Fonseca-Santos Bruno , Kogawa Ana Carolina , Salgado Hérida Regina Nunes , Chorilli Marlus 
Published: May 2020

Aims:
A review of analytical methods for the determination of hypericin in foods, herbal, biological
and pharmaceutical matrices.

Background:
Hypericin (HYP) is a naturally-occurring pigment obtained from some plants of the genus Hypericum.
Although HYP has been known for many years, it has recently attracted attention due to its varied biological
properties, such as anti-inflammatory and antidepressant activity and it is also an efficient photosensitizer.

Objective:
The objective of this review is to provide insights into the physicochemical properties of HYP, as well
as to report the analytical methods existing in the literature and official compendia for different matrices.

Methods:
The survey data were collected by Google Scholar® and Scopus® using keys terms.

Result:
Analytical methods involving HYP are mainly concerned with the quality control of pharmaceutical
preparations, foods, beverages, biological samples and drug delivery systems using different types of analysis
methods. Some difficulties have also been identified due to the physicochemical properties of HYP. It presents
great solubility in alkaline solutions, organic bases and common polar organic solvents.

Conclusion:
It can be analyzed by thin layer chromatography, spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet region, but the
most commonly used method is by HPLC. HYP presents monographs in the American, British and European
Pharmacopoeias, however, the methods of analysis are not yet harmonized.
The Role of Antithrombotic Therapy in Heart Failure
Authors: Chrysohoou Christina , Magkas Nikolaos , Antoniou Christos-Konstantinos , Manolakou Panagiota , Laina Aggeliki , Tousoulis Dimitrios 
Published: May 2020

:
Heart failure is a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality burden affecting approximately
1-2% of adults in developed countries, mounting to over 10% in individuals aged >70 years old. Heart failure is
characterized by a prothrombotic state and increased rates of stroke and thromboembolism have been reported in
heart failure patients compared with the general population. However, the impact of antithrombotic therapy on
heart failure remains controversial. Administration of antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy is the obvious (and
well-established) choice in heart failure patients with cardiovascular comorbidity that necessitates their use, such
as coronary artery disease or atrial fibrillation. In contrast, antithrombotic therapy has not demonstrated any clear
benefit when administered for heart failure per se, i.e. with heart failure being the sole indication. Randomized
studies have reported decreased stroke rates with warfarin use in patients with heart failure with reduced left
ventricular ejection fraction, but at the expense of excessive bleeding. Non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants have
shown a better safety profile in heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation compared with warfarin, however,
current evidence about their role in heart failure with sinus rhythm is inconclusive and further research is needed.
In the present review, we discuss the role of antithrombotic therapy in heart failure (beyond coronary artery disease),
aiming to summarize evidence regarding the thrombotic risk and the role of antiplatelet and anticoagulant
agents in patients with heart failure.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Dimethyl Cardamonin (DMC) Derivatives as P-glycoprotein-mediated Multidrug Resistance Reversal Agents
Authors: Shi Ximeng , Zhao Yuyu , Zhou Licheng , Yin Huanhuan , Liu Jianwen , Ma Lei 
Published: May 2020

Background:
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has been regarded as an important factor in the multidrug
resistance (MDR) of tumor cells within the last decade, which can be solved by inhibiting Pgp
to reverse MDR. Thus, it is an effective strategy to develop inhibitor of P-gp.

Objective:
In this study, the synthesis of a series of derivatives had been carried out by bioisosterism
design on the basis of Dimethyl Cardamonin (DMC). Subsequently, we evaluated their reversal activities
as potential P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated Multidrug Resistance (MDR) agents.

Methods:
Dimethyl cardamonin derivatives were synthesized from acetophenones and the corresponding
benzaldehydes in the presence of 40% KOH by Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Their cytotoxicity
and reversal activities in vitro were assessed with MTT. Moreover, the compound B4 was evaluated
by Doxorubicin (DOX) accumulation, Western blot and wound-healing assays deeply.

Results and Conclusion:
The results showed that compounds B2, B4 and B6 had the potency of
MDR reversers with little intrinsic cytotoxicity. Meanwhile, these compounds also demonstrated the
capability to inhibit MCF-7 and MCF-7/DOX cells migration. Besides, the most compound B4 was
selected for further study, which promoted the accumulation of DOX in MCF-7/DOX cells and inhibited
the expressionof P-gp at protein levels.

Conclusion:
The above findings may provide new insights for the research and development of Pgp-
mediated MDR reversal agents.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Some Novel 1- substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives
Authors: Isik Erkut , Astley Demet , Yuksekdanaci Seda , Yasa Ihsan 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Benzimidazole derivatives are an important class of heterocyclic compounds
in organic chemistry as they are related to a wide range of biological properties, including
antimicrobial activity.

Methods:
A series of 1-naphthoyl and benzoyl benzimidazole derivatives were synthesised, identified
and screened for their antimicrobial activities against a number of different test organisms such
as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aureginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus
faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhimurium, Candida albicans (yeast).

Results and Discussion:
Benzimidazole derivatives (3a-d) were synthesised by using 4 different
aminoacids. L-methionine, L-isoleucine, D-Phenylysine and L-Phenylamine as starting materials in
the study. Experimental studies involve the use of benzimidazole derivatives (3a-d) of the selected
amino acids to synthesize the benzoyl and naphthoyl derivatives of benzimidazole (4a-d, 5a-c). The
structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic analyses (FTIR, 1HNMR,
13C-NMR) and elemental analysis.

Conclusion:
In this study, only one compound (5a) showed a low MIC value against the eukaryotic
microorganism C. albicans. The other six compounds showed higher antimicrobial activities against
the prokaryotes C. albicans which is a normal flora in the mouth but is one of the organisms that
cause infections leading to the weakening of the human immune system. Compound 5a is a candidate
for future alternative antimicrobial drugs against C. albicans infections. In addition, compound
5a has a potential to be used as an inhibitor against P. aureginosa for the treatment of cystic
fibrosis.
Early Hospital Readmission in Patients With Tuberculosis: Social and Cultural Risk Factors
Authors: Valenzuela-Soltero Diana M. , Güereca-Alvarado Jesús A. , Pacheco-Barajas Murielle , Sánchez-Rebollar Nathaly , Laniado-Laborín Rafael 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Few studies have focused on risk factors for early readmission in patients
with tuberculosis.

Objective:
Determine what are the risk factors for the early readmission of patients with tuberculosis
at General Tijuana Hospital, Mexico.

Material and methods:
All patients aged ≥ 18 years who were admitted with the confirmed
diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis were prospectively included. Information was obtained on
demographic, socioeconomic variables, previous hospitalizations, clinical data, and laboratory and
radiographic studies.

Results:
One hundred and thirty-four patients with tuberculosis were included, and 24 of them
(17.9%) corresponded to early hospital readmissions. The interval between initial admission and
readmission was 1.45 ± 0.183 months. The readmission group had used illicit drugs for more years
(11.3 ± 13.9 years) than the new cases group (8.01 ± 8.25 years; p = 0.03). Forty percent of the
patients who were readmitted did not go to their referral health unit after their initial hospital
discharge. The reasons argued by the patients included, among others, not having received
information regarding their illness during hospitalization, the abuse of illegal substances and the
perception of hostility by health personnel.

Discussion:
One out of every five patients admitted for tuberculosis will be readmitted after only six
weeks of initial discharge. Sociocultural factors (addictions, comorbidities, poverty) and of the health
system (limited hours of medical care, accessibility) contribute to this phenomenon.

Conclusions:
Loss of follow-up after hospital discharge is common in most settings and contributes to
an increase in morbidity and mortality, and transmission of infection in the community.