bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, HEALTH CONDITION AND LIFESTYLE OF ACADEMIC YOUTH
Authors: Jakubowska Luba , Grabowska Barbara , Seń Mariola 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Living in the age of modern inventions one forgets about one of the best medications for many health problems, which is physical activity. In 2016, Kantar Public (Ministry of Sport and Tourism, 2016) announced that only one in five Poles aged 15-69 had an adequate level of physical activity. A CBOS (Centre for Public Opinion Research) survey conducted in 2014 showed that half of Poles weigh too much. For the development of lifestyle diseases, besides overweight, the wrong lifestyle also contributes (CBOS No. 122/2014). According to the WOBASZ (a multi-center nationwide survey of the health status of the population) survey, only 3% of Polish society is characterized by "an indicator of a healthy lifestyle" (Kwaśniewska, Kaczmarczyk-Chałas, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Kucharczyk, Drygas, 2010). The role and task of physical activity at an early age, as well as at any other stage of life, is very important in the prevention of civilization diseases, which is why it is crucial to monitor it.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the level of physical activity, state of health and the lifestyle of the academic youth.
Material and methods: The research was carried out among students from three universities in Wrocław (n = 629): University of Wrocław (UWr), Wrocław University of Science and Technology (PWr) and Wrocław Medical University (UM). The study used self-constructed questionnaires: physical activity questionnaire, health questionnaire, lifestyle questionnaire. The following statistical analyzes of the results were used: Shapiro-Wilk test, Pearson chi-square test independence, post-hoc test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation coefficient rank (Spearman) and Pearson's correlation coefficient. In the calculations, the package of computer programs STATISTICA v. 9.0 was used. Hypotheses verified at the level of p ≤0.05.
Results: Health was the highest-rated one of the studied factors. In addition, it was found that as much as 67.7% of students from all universities represent a very good level of lifestyle. 68.4% of the respondents were characterized by a very good health potential. Research has shown that the physical activity of students from Medical University is at a higher level than students of PWr and UWr. Among the demographic variables, gender turned out to be important (men perform physical activity more often than women, while BMI and place of origin did not affect the physical activity of students). Studies have confirmed the relationship between all major variables (physical activity, lifestyle and health). The increase in the level of physical activity is accompanied by an increase in the level of lifestyle. A positive correlation between lifestyle factor and health condition was also observed.
Empty city spaces. Practices of unseen
Authors: Gańko Anna 
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of this paper is to depict ambivalent status of bygone city spaces - defined and identified by things that were there before - that are perceived as empty. Because they are obsolete, they do not function in accordance with their primarly intended use they become devastated and ruined, they create specific environment for various actions that in organised and sctructured spaces remain hidden and invisible.
Method. The study is a reflexion on social functioning of city spaces perceived as abandoned – their ambivalent status in context of practices connected with urban space. Significant part of the article is a polemic with Kroessler's metaphore city as a palimpsest.
Resullt and Conclusions. The analysis shows ambivalent status of urban spaces that are perceived as empty. They, by definition, consist of specific kind of absence and simoultaneously paradoxically they make some aspekts of urban space functioning visible.
Organizational Culture Type in Turkish Universities using OCAI: Perceptions of Students
Authors: Caliskan Aysun , Zhu Chang 
Published: January 2020

Aim. The aim of this research is to identify student perceptions of the current organizational culture type in four flagship Turkish public universities. Its further goal after this diagnosis was to help the researchers and policy makers to deeply understand the actual situations and make recommendations for organizational culture change and educational innovations.
Methods. We applied a mixed-method approach to collect data. The quantitative method consisted of 964 applications of the instrument of OCAI to bachelor students. The qualitative method included 19 semi-structured interviews to follow up and verify the results from the survey to have a deeper insight into Turkish HEIs.
Results. The variety of findings through survey and interviews revealed and validated that the dominant culture type of Turkish universities regarding students is hierarchy followed by market culture. It is probable that the national cultural structure of the Turkish society is a result of this finding. It appears that Turkey has a hierarchical workplace attributing control, order, authority, and smooth functioning.
Conclusions. Based on student perceptions, this study can provide policy makers, academic leaders, academic staff and employees in administrative units with a broader knowledge of the current organizational culture type in universities in Turkey, and identify the strengths and weaknesses of organizational culture in universities and to improve the quality through making innovations.
Personal learning environment of the talented student - based on their own experiences
Authors: Kamińska Aneta 
Published: January 2020

Aim. The purpose of the research is to depict how talented students create their personal learning environment. The author of that paper shows a difference that has occurred thanks to the comparison between the manner in which average students and talented students build their personal learning environment.
Methods. The author has conducted quantitative research, by making a survey. The surveys were carried out among fifty talented students. This paper focuses on the presentation of their opinions. The respondents presented how they constructed their personal learning environment. Additionally, they expressed their viewpoints about their digital competences.
Results. The analysis shows that talented students are familiar with the latest digital tools. It allows them to design their personal learning space effectively. They can collect and process information profitably. They are also keen to share their knowledge with other participants of an educational process via the Internet, using some complex and practical devices. Moreover, talented students prefer discussing educational problems with other students online. They use some appropriate tools, such as chat rooms and social networking services. According to the research, the author can conclude that talented students are able to build and improve their digital learning space very well. They seem to create their personal learning environment functionally and consciously.
Conclusions. Talented learners use advanced searching strategies, methods of collecting and storing information, and also teamwork tools. It is particular that they are autonomous learners but they also like sharing knowledge with other learners. The level of information competences of the talented students is quite high.
Treatment of infantile spasms in resource limited settings: Arandomized controlled trial
Authors: Sardar Huda , Khan Ashfa Ameer , Sultan Tipu 
Published: January 2020

Objective: To compare the outcome of ACTH with oral prednisolone for treatment of infantile spasms. Methodology: This is a randomized controlled trial conducted at department of paediatric neurology, The Children Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan after ethical approval from January 1st 2014 to December 31st 2017. (Four years). Seventy patients with infantile spasms were randomized in two equal groups of 35 patients in each group. Patients in group A received prednisolone and in group B received ACTH. The two groups were compared for the spasms free period. Statistical significant determined by chi-square test (p< 0.05 was taken as significant). Non-probability purposive sampling was used and an inclusion criterion was children up to age of one year with infantile spasms. Exclusion criteria include children who had been previously treated with steroids or ACTH. Seventy patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled through neurology department of Children Hospital, Lahore. History, informed consent was taken by parents and was divided in two groups by lottery method. All the information was collected on a specially designed proforma. Results: In group A, 29 (83%) patients were spasms free, while in group B, 31 (88%) patients were spasms free. Conclusion: Significant number of patients with IS were spasms free with prednisolone which is very cost effective drug as compared to ACTH. Developing counties should considered this treatment option as a first line therapy. Key words: Epilepsy, ACTH, Prednisolone, Infantile spasms, Hypsarthymia.
A Turn-on Fluorescent Sensor For Cadmium Ion Detection In Aqueous Solutions
Authors: AYDIN Ziya 
Published: January 2020

Fluorescent sensors have attracted an important
interest due to their advantages such as high selectivity, rapid response, easy
to use etc. In this study, a rhodamine based
fluorescent sensor, RhDP, was synthesized, and used for selective detection of Cd2+
ions. The sensor responds to Cd2+ via the coordination induced
fluorescence activation (CIFA) mechanism. RhDP gives a very fast and reversible
fluorescence response to Cd2+ in the presence of the metal ions tested.
The complex stoichiometry between RhDP and Cd2+ was found to
be 1:1 and the binding constant was calculated as 2.70 × 107 M-1in ACN/HEPES buffer (10 mM,
pH: 7.05, v/v 1:1). The fluorescent detection limit of RhDP for Cd2+
was found to be 0.218 µM, which gave a marked sensitivity towards Cd2+.
Pergeseran Orientasi Adopsi Anak di Kalangan PNS
Authors: Harwati Tuti 
Published: January 2020

Dewasa ini, muncul fenomena menarik bahwa tujuan mengangkat anak, terutama oleh seseorang yang memiliki latar belakang sebagai Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) tidak lagi semata-mata hanya karena ingin memiliki anak atau membantu si anak (angkat), melainkan lebih disebabkan karena adanya tunjangan PNS, yaitu anak angkat adalah termasuk yang mendapatkan tunjangan sebesar 2% dari gaji pokok PNS (vide pasal 16 ayat 2 PP No. 7 Tahun. 1977 Tentang Gaji Pegawai Negeri Sipil). Indikasi ini semakin terlihat ketika anak yang diangkat merupakan anak dari kerabat dekat calon orang tua asuh, seperti keponakan, cucu dan sebagainya. Padahal, tanpa mengangkat anak dari keluarga dekatnya seseorang tidak akan terhalang untuk memberikan kasih sayang, nafkah, dan bantuan pendidikan misalnya, sehingga patut diduga ada motif lain dalam kasus pengangkatan anak yang dilakukan oleh seorang PNS. Dari hasil penelitian terungkap bahwa:
Pertama: Motif dan tujuan adopsi anak yang dilakukan oleh Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS) di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dapat dibagi ke dalam dua bagian, yaitu motif dari calon orang tua angkat atau pengangkat dan motif dari orang tua kandung calon anak angkat. Adapun alasan dari calon orang tua angkat, antara lain karena: kesepian, tidak mempunyai keturunan dan atas dasar perasaan sosial. Sedangkan motif dari orang tua kandung calon anak angkat, yaitu: faktor ekonomi dan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan anak.
Kedua: Bentuk pergeseran orientasi adopsi atau pengangkatan anak yang dilakukan oleh para pegawai negeri sipil di Lombok Tengah tidak hanya dilakukan demi kesejahteraan calon anak angkat, melainkan juga demi calon orangtua angkat supaya mendapatkan tunjangan anak dalam daftar gaji.
Ketiga: Implikasi hukum terhadap pergeseran orientasi adopsi atau pengangkatan anak oleh pegawai negeri sipil di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah dapat dibenarkan secara legal-formal. Sebab, menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 1977 tentang Peraturan Gaji Pegawai Negeri Sipil Pasal 16 ayat 2 yang memuat tunjangan anak sebesar 2 % per anak dari gaji pokok. Namun demikian, tindakan tidak menjadikan keluarga, baik keponakan dan khususnya cucu sebagai anak angkat dalam kasus ini harus lebih didahulukan dalam rangka untuk mencegah dampak negatif di kalangan ahli waris yang lain, meskipun menurut peraturan yang berlaku tidak ada halangan bagi seorang kakek dan nenek untuk mengangkat cucu kandungnya sebagai anak angkat.
Protection of flunarizine on ventralis posteromedialis nucleus in rat model of migraine induced by inflammatory soup
Authors: Ge Wei , Zhao Lijun , He Chao , Zhang Qingkui , Wang Yunxia , Liu Ruozhuo , Mao Lanqun , Yu Shengyuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Migraine is a disease closely related to calcium ions and ion channels. Ventralis posteromedialis (VPM) nucleus is an important nucleus in the process of migraine pain signal transmission. Flunarizine has been widely demonstrated as a calcium channel antagonist in the preventive treatment of migraine, but the mechanism of its anti-migraine on VPM is still unclear. Methods: Part 1. Fifteen transfected male rats were randomly divided into three groups: Flunarizine intervention group, Nimodipine intervention group and Normal saline sham group. Viral expression of fluorescent tracers allows purely anterograde labeling. Following injection of AAV-hSyn-9-CaMPARI-GFP into the physiologically defined area in the VPM nucleus of the thalamus, labeling in the thalamus-cortex had a green appearance. Part 2. Twenty Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into four groups: Single stimulus group, Double stimuli group, Flunarizine intervention group and Nimodipine intervention group. A calcium-selective carbon fiber electrode (CFMEs) is used for online monitoring of electrochemically inactive Ca2+ in the rat brain in vivo. Results: Part 1.GFP Images showed that the VPM nucleus of the thalamus was involved in the signal transmission process of headache. Fluorescence imaging of the VPM nucleus of the thalamus after intervention with flunarizine or nimodipine suggested that it was activated. Part 2. No specific response was observed in the migraine rat model after stimulation with normal saline, extracellular calcium ions increased first and then decreased linearly after each stimulation with inflammatory soup. After the intervention of nimodipine, the curve of calcium changes after IS stimulation was the same as before. While after the intervention of flunarizine, the performance was significantly inconsistent, which was first increased and then maintained a level of concentration or slightly increased. Conclusion: VPM might play an important role in pain signal transmission of migraine and Flunarizine can alleviate such Ca2+ concentration in VPM neurons to exert its anti-migraine effects.
WITHDRAWN: fMRI analysis of MCP-1 induced prefrontal cortex neuronal dysfunction in depressive cynomolgus monkeys
Authors: Yan Weixin , Zhao Di , Liu Kai , Deng Yanjia , Xie Lingpeng , Lai Yuqi , Li Jianwei , Huang Weiliang , Mo Chan , Zeng Ting , Xie Shuwen , Xie Fangrong , Zhou Chuying , Gao Lei , Wen Ge , Sun Xuegang , Jing Linlin , Lv Zhiping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Depression is a serious mental illness, which is one of the main causes of disability at present. The cause and location of depression are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to establish a stable and reliable model of non-human primate depression, and further confirm the significance of neuritis in the pathogenesis of depression by combining in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods We simulated the environment of human depression and established a cynomolgus monkeys depression model by pro-depressive prodedure (PDP). The model was evaluated by behavioral test and neurotransmitter detection, and the important functional changes of brain area were detected by Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Abnormal inflammatory factors in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were determined by multi factor kit. In addition, the mechanism was further verified by stereotactic injection of inflammatory factor antagonists into mouse prefrontal cortex(PFC) and cell experiments. Results Here we found that a 12-week exposure to PDP can effectively induce the depressive behaviors of cynomolgus monkeys. PDP increases the time of depressive-like and anxious-like behaviors and decreases locomotor and exploratory behaviors, which were maintained after a 4-week recovery period. PDP lowers the serum serotonin (5-HT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level at the end of the procedure. FMRI can reflect the state of brain function noninvasively based on the level of blood oxygen. The results demonstrate that fALFF signaling is downregulated in PFC. The downregulation of BDNF and NeuN(Neuronal nuclei antigen) in PFC are observed in depressive monkeys. At the same time, it was found that contents of the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in serum, CSF and PFC are increased in cynomolgus monkeys receiving PDP treatment. Furthermore, we found that MCP-1 receptor antagonist (CCR2-RA-[R]) can significantly reduce the susceptibility of depression in mice and increase the expression of BDNF in serum and PFC of depressed mice and blocked the downregulation of MCP-1 on the expression of BDNF in SHSY-5Y cells. Conclusions In conclusion, PDP induces cynomolgus monkeys depression by secreting MCP-1 to impair the neurotrophic function of 5-HT in PFC. PDP is a satisfying method to establish inducible depressive model in cynomolgus monkeys.
Registered Nurses´ Views on Telephone Nursing for Patients with Respiratory Tract Infections in Primary Health Care – Everyday Challenges and Insufficient Support
Authors: Aurin Ingrid Edvardsson , Kaminsky Elenor , Hedin Katarina , Andersson Lisbet , Andre Malin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Triage by registered nurses (RN) during office hours may be of great importance for the prescription of antibiotics according to guidelines. This, however, has hardly ever been the focus of scientific study. The aim of this study was to describe RNs' views on telephone consulting work with patients calling primary health care centers for respiratory tract infections.Methods: A descriptive and qualitative study was performed through interviews with twelve RNs in Sweden. Results: The RNs saw their daily work as a continuous challenge and reported that support structures were insufficient. The themes challenge and support were built on five categories. These were: the triage, assessment over the phone and to manage expectations, evidence-based knowledge and professional collaboration. The RN had to differentiate urgent cases from self-care advice, with a fear of maybe missing something serious. They described the difficulties in assessing both the symptoms and the person calling, relying only on what they were told, as well as managing patients’ expectations with special reference to patients with other cultural backgrounds. The RN described insufficient possibilities to keep up with an evidence-based knowledge, where decision support and guidelines were only partly known and used, while continuous medical education was not prioritized. Furthermore, professional collaboration was described as unstructured.Conclusions: The telephone triage in primary care health centres regarding common problems seems to be an invisible task, both for researchers, policy makers and the RNs themselves. The consequences may be decreased patient safety, occupational stress, and an increased workload for the RNs. Systematic work is needed to strengthen the different support structures.
Substance use and associated factors and associated factors among preparatory school students in Nekemte town western Ethiopia; school based a cross- sectional study
Authors: Beyene Markos Desalegn , Getachew Robsan Gudeta , Gemechu Workineh Diriba 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Millions of people throughout the world are using substances such as alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, morphine, marijuana, heroin and many others. Substance use by people in all parts of the world, particularly adolescents, has long been of scientific, political and public concern. Objective: -the main aim of this study was to prevalence of substance use & associated factors among Nekemte preparatory school students in 2019. Methodology:-. School based cross-sectional study was conducted among students at Nekemte preparatory school from March 20-30, 2018. Multistage stratified sampling method was employed to select 372 study participants. Collected data was cleaned and entered in to Epi info version 3.5.3 and transported to SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression was done to indentify factors associated with substance use in the study area. Result: The overall prevalence of current substance use was (19.1%). Being male students [AOR, 95%CI; 4.64(2.18, 9.75)], ever encountered pressure from friends to use substances [AOR, 95% CI; 2.61(1.03, 6.63)], having substance user parents [AOR, 95%CI; 6.4(2.87, 14.30)] and having many substance user friends [AOR, 95%CI; 6.2(2.82, 13.75)] were significantly associated with substance use among students in the study area. Conclusion & Recommendation: The current prevalence of substance use among preparatory school students of this study area was low. The most commonly used substances were alcohol, khat and tobacco. Being male students, pear pressure, living with parents use substance & friends were found to affect substance use among Nekemte preparatory school students. Awareness creation sessions; Information, Education &Communication intervention should be intensified to further reduce Substance use among students.
Aberrant activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway in granulosa cells from patients with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Li You , Xiong Guohui , Tan Jun , Wang Shudi , Zhang Ziyu , Wu Qiongfang , Wan Lei , Huang Ouping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The molecular mechanism that triggers polycystic ovary syndrome is mysterious. Abnormal ovarian granulosa cells are one of the causes of PCOS. Therefore, we carried out RNA-seq in ovarian granulosa cells from patients with PCOS and normal controls and found that Hedgehog signaling pathway members Ihh and ptch2 were abnormally highly expressed in the PCOS group. Granulosa cells from 22 patients with PCOS and 21 controls with normal ovulation were collected. Subsequent qPCR tests also indicated that the expression of ptch1, gli1, and gli2 of other downstream members of Hh in the PCOS group was significantly higher than that in the control group. These results indicate that abnormally activated Hh signaling pathway, especially Ihh signal, may have a profound influence on PCOS.