bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on aphasia in cerebrovascular accident patients
Authors: Zheng Yaling , Zhong Dongling , Huang Yijie , He Mingxing , Xiao Qiwei , Jin Rongjiang , Li Juan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive brain stimulation approach, might be a promising technique in the management of aphasia after cerebrovascular accidents (CVA). This protocol of systematic review (SR) aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of rTMS in patients with aphasia after CVA.

Methods:
The following databases will be searched: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), China National Knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Technology Periodical Database (VIP), WanFang Data, and China Biology Medicine (CBM) from inception to August 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness and safety of rTMS for aphasia patients after CVA will be included. Primary outcome will include Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE). Secondary outcomes will include Aphasia Battery of Chinese (ABC), Aachen Aphasia Test (AAT), Aphasia Quotient (AQ), the Western Aphasia Battery (WAB), Standard Language Test of Aphasia (SLTA), Aphasia Severity Rating Scale (ASRS), Concise China Aphasia Test Scale (CCAT), Amsterdam-Nijmegen Everyday Language Test (ANELT), or other related outcomes. Adverse events such as headache, tinnitus, anxiety, fatigue, or epileptic seizure will be considered as safety measurement. Studies screening, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment will be performed independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis will be conducted with Review Manager 5.3 software and R software 3.6.1.

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of RCTs on the effectiveness and safety of rTMS as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of aphasia.

Conclusion:
The conclusion of this study will help clinicians and patients with aphasia after CVA to make decision.

Ethics and dissemination:
No privacy health information will be collected, thus formal ethics approval is not required. The findings of this SR will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42019144587.
Subdural empyema complicated after trepanation and drainage of chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Xue Hang , Zhang Weitao , Shi Lin , Zhang Yiming , Yu Bing , Yang Hongfa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common neurosurgical diseases. However, complicated subdural empyema rarely occurs after trepanation and drainage of chronic subdural hematoma.

Patient concerns:
A male patient (77 years old) was admitted to the hospital on the 2nd day of fever after an undergoing a “trepanation and drainage of chronic subdural hematoma” operation at a local hospital. After admission, the patient was treated with an emergency operation in which a subdural abscess was diagnosed and then administered antibiotics after the operation.

Diagnosis:
According to the clinical manifestations, intraoperative findings of imaging examination and the results of pus culture, the diagnosis was subdural empyema.

Intervention:
We surgically removed the subdural empyema. Postoperative antibiotics were administered according to the results of bacterial culture.

Outcomes:
At 3 months after the operation, the patient returned to the hospital for reexamination and was found to have achieved a good recovery and good self-care.

Lessons:
Subdural empyema after trepanation and drainage of chronic subdural hematoma is a very rare and severe disease. Early diagnosis and operative intervention as well as the intravenous administration of antibiotics can improve the prognosis of patients and enhance their quality of life.
Association between vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 rs11941492 C/T polymorphism and Chinese Han patients in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Yang Zhicheng , Wang Mingjie , Yan Ting , Hu Zhiyong , Zhang Hui , Liu Ruiping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the association between vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) rs11941492 C/T polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk in an eastern Chinese Han population. We examined VEGFR2 rs11941492 C/T polymorphism in 615 RA patients and 839 controls in an East Chinese Han population. The power analysis was used for evaluating the reliability of the results. Genotyping was performed using a custom-by-design 48-Plex single nucleotide polymorphism scan Kit. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression.
Our results indicated that VEGFR2 rs11941492 C/T polymorphism (TT vs CC, P = .012, OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.41–0.89; TT vs CT + CC, P = .017, OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.43–0.92) was associated with a significantly decreased risk of RA. The power analysis showed that this study had a power of 98.5% to detect the effect of rs11941492 C/T polymorphism on RA susceptibility, assuming an OR of 0.61. After stratification analysis, a decreased risk of RA was associated with VEGFR2 rs11941492 TT genotype (TT vs CC) among female patients (TT vs CC, P = .007, OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.33–0.84), older patients (Yr ≥55) (TT vs CC, P = .039, OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.35–0.97), C-reactive protein-positive patients, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody-negative patients, rheumatoid factor-positive patients (TT vs CT + CC, P = .015, OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.39–0.90), functional class III + IV patients, patients with a DAS28 of ≥3.20, and those with an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of <25. However, our results were obtained from only a moderate-sized sample. Studies with larger sample sizes in other ethnic populations are needed to confirm these results. The VEGFR2 rs11941492 genotype is associated with decreased susceptibility to RA.
Weight Loss for Patients With Obesity
Authors: Liu Natalie , Birstler Jen , Venkatesh Manasa , Hanrahan Lawrence P. , Chen Guanhua , Funk Luke M. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Numerous studies have reported that losing as little as 5% of one’s total body weight (TBW) can improve health, but no studies have used electronic health record data to examine long-term changes in weight, particularly for adults with severe obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥35 kg/m2].

Objective:
To measure long-term weight changes and examine their predictors for adults in a large academic health care system.

Research Design:
Observational study.

Subjects:
We included 59,816 patients aged 18–70 years who had at least 2 BMI measurements 5 years apart. Patients who were underweight, pregnant, diagnosed with cancer, or had undergone bariatric surgery were excluded.

Measures:
Over a 5-year period: (1) ≥5% TBW loss; (2) weight loss into a nonobese BMI category (BMI <30 kg/m2); and (3) predictors of %TBW change via quantile regression.

Results:
Of those with class 2 or 3 obesity, 24.2% and 27.8%, respectively, lost at least 5% TBW. Only 3.2% and 0.2% of patients with class 2 and 3 obesity, respectively, lost enough weight to attain a BMI <30 kg/m2. In quantile regression, the median weight change for the population was a net gain of 2.5% TBW.

Conclusions:
Although adults with severe obesity were more likely to lose at least 5% TBW compared with overweight patients and patients with class 1 obesity, sufficient weight loss to attain a nonobese weight class was very uncommon. The pattern of ongoing weight gain found in our study population requires solutions at societal and health systems levels.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Longitudinal Trajectories of Community Integration After Burn Injury
Authors: Pierce Bradford S. , Perrin Paul B. , Pugh Mickeal , Cariello Annahir N. , Henry Richard S. , Sutter Megan E. , Wiechman Shelley A. , Schneider Jeffrey C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine potential racial/ethnic disparities in community integration for the 2 yrs after burn injury.

Design
A sample of 1773 adults with burn injury from the Burn Model Systems database was used with data on community integration collected at discharge (preinjury recall), 6, 12, and 24 mos after discharge.

Methods
Four sets of hierarchal linear models determined the most appropriate model for understanding racial/ethnic differences in Community Integration Questionnaire trajectories over time.

Results
Data indicated a decrease in community integration between discharge and 6 mos, a slight increase between 6 mos and 1 yr, and then a plateau between 1 and 2 yrs. White individuals had higher community integration score trajectories over time than black (b = 0.53, P < 0.001) and Hispanic (b = 0.58, P < 0.001) individuals, and community integration scores were similar between black and Hispanic individuals (b = −0.05, P = 0.788). These racial/ethnic disparities remained after accounting for age, sex, total burned surface area, number of days in rehabilitation, and active range of motion deficits.

Conclusions
Additional rehabilitation resources should be targeted to helping black and Hispanic individuals integrate back into their communities after burn injury.
Surface Texturization of Breast Implants Impacts Extracellular Matrix and Inflammatory Gene Expression in Asymptomatic Capsules
Authors: Brigaud Isabelle , Garabédian Charles , Bricout Nathalie , Pieuchot Laurent , Ponche Arnaud , Deltombe Raphaël , Delille Rémi , Atlan Michael , Bigerelle Maxence , Anselme Karine 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Texturing processes have been designed to improve biocompatibility and mechanical anchoring of breast implants. However, a high degree of texturing has been associated with severe abnormalities. In this study, the authors aimed to determine whether implant surface topography could also affect physiology of asymptomatic capsules.

Methods:
The authors collected topographic measurements from 17 different breast implant devices by interferometry and radiographic microtomography. Morphologic structures were analyzed statistically to obtain a robust breast implant surface classification. The authors obtained three topographic categories of textured implants (i.e., “peak and valleys,” “open cavities,” and “semiopened cavities”) based on the cross-sectional aspects. The authors simultaneously collected 31 Baker grade I capsules, sorted them according to the new classification, established their molecular profile, and examined the tissue organization.

Results:
Each of the categories showed distinct expression patterns of genes associated with the extracellular matrix (Timp and Mmp members) and inflammatory response (Saa1, Tnsf11, and Il8), despite originating from healthy capsules. In addition, slight variations were observed in the organization of capsular tissues at the histologic level.

Conclusions:
The authors combined a novel surface implant classification system and gene profiling analysis to show that implant surface topography is a bioactive cue that can trigger gene expression changes in surrounding tissue, even in Baker grade I capsules. The authors’ new classification system avoids confusion regarding the word “texture,” and could be transposed to implant ranges of every manufacturer. This new classification could prove useful in studies on potential links between specific texturizations and the incidence of certain breast-implant associated complications.
Assessment of Oral Propranolol Administration for Infantile Hemangioma in Oral and Maxillofacial Region Aided by Ultrasonography
Authors: Al-Mahdi Akmam H. , Al-Sada Milad A. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Propranolol has become the first-line therapy for the treatment of complicated infantile hemangioma. However, there are still many queries regarding the hemangioma volume in relation to drug's dose and duration.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of oral propranolol for treating infantile hemangiomas in the oral and maxillofacial region aided by gray scale ultrasonography (GSU).

Materials and Methods:
Twelve patients with infantile hemangioma, age ranged between 2 and 11 months, have been treated with oral propranolol for 6 months’ period. They received a dose of 1 mg/kg per body weight per day, increased after 1 week to 2 mg/ kg per body weight per day maintenance for 24 weeks. The changes in tumor sizes were evaluated by ultrasonography (GSU) using 4-points scale system: excellent, good, fair, poor)

Results:
All infants less than 6 months of age showed more hemangiomas regression in size in comparison with of those aged >6 months (P value 0.042) as a rapid response. After the 24th week; 5 patients had excellent results, 4 patients had good results, 2 patients had fair results, and only 1 patient had poor results. None of the treated infants showed rebound phenomena after cessation of treatment.

Conclusion:
Oral propranolol at dose of 2 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses for 24 weeks aided by GSU is shown to be a safe and effective treatment of infantile hemangioma during the proliferative phase.
Explaining the genetic causality for complex diseasesviadeep association kernel learning
Authors: Bao Feng , Deng Yue , Du Mulong , Ren Zhiquan , Wan Sen , Xin Junyi , Chen Feng , Christiani David C. , Wang Meilin , Dai Qionghai 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe genetic effect explains the causality from genetic mutation to the development of complex diseases. Existing genome-wide association study (GWAS) approaches are always built under a linear assumption, restricting their generalization in dissecting complicated causality such as the recessive genetic effect. Therefore, a sophisticated and general GWAS model that can work with different types of genetic effects is highly desired. Here, we introduce a Deep Association Kernel learning (DAK) model to enable automatic causal genotype encoding for GWAS at pathway level. DAK can detect both common and rare variants with complicated genetic effects that existing approaches fail. When applied to real-world GWAS data, our approach discovered potential casual pathways that could be explained by alternative biological studies.
No strong evidence that social network index is associated with gray matter volume from a data-driven investigation
Authors: Lin Chujun , Keles Umit , Tyszka J. Michael , Gallo Marcos , Paul Lynn , Adolphs Ralph 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecent studies in adult humans have reported correlations between individual differences in people’s Social Network Index (SNI) and gray matter volume (GMV) across multiple regions of the brain. However, the cortical and subcortical loci identified are inconsistent across studies. These discrepancies might arise because different regions of interest were hypothesized and tested in different studies without controlling for multiple comparisons, and/or from insufficiently large sample sizes to fully protect against statistically unreliable findings. Here we took a data-driven approach in a pre-registered study to comprehensively investigate the relationship between SNI and GMV in every cortical and subcortical region, using three predictive modeling frameworks. We also included psychological predictors such as cognitive and emotional intelligence, personality, and mood. In a sample of healthy adults (n = 92), neither multivariate frameworks (e.g., ridge regression with cross-validation) nor univariate frameworks (e.g., univariate linear regression with cross-validation) showed a significant association between SNI and any GMV or psychological feature after multiple comparison corrections (all R-squared values ≤ 0.1). These results emphasize the importance of large sample sizes and hypothesis-driven studies to derive statistically reliable conclusions, and suggest that future meta-analyses will be needed to more accurately estimate the true effect sizes in this field.
Multinational qEEG developmental surfaces
Authors: Hu Shiang , Ngulugulu Ally , Bosch-Bayard Jorge , Bringas-Vega Maria L. , Valdes-Sosa Pedro A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) is a diagnostic method based on the spectral features of the resting state EEG. The departure of spectral features from normality is gauged by theztransform with respect to the age-adjusted mean and deviation of normative databases – known as the developmental equations/surfaces. However, the extent to which the data collected from different countries with various equipment require separate developmental equations remains unanswered. Here, we analyzed the EEG of 535 subjects from 3 countries, Switzerland, the USA and Cuba. The EEG power spectra of all samples were log transformed and their relations to the covariables (‘age’, ‘frequency’, ‘country’ and ‘individual’) were analyzed using the linear mixed effects model. We found that the origin ‘country’ of the subjects did not play a significant effect on the log spectra, even without interactions with other independent variables, whereas, ‘age’ and ‘frequency’ were highly significant. To estimate the developmental surfaces in greater detail, we carried out kernel regression (lowess) in two dimensions of log-age and frequency. We found two main phenomena: 1) slow rhythms (δ, θ) predominated in the lower ages and then decreased with a tendency to disappear at higher ages; 2)αrhythm was absent at lower ages, but gradually appeared more relevant in occipital and parietal regions, and increased with aging with an increasing centering frequency ofαrhythm. We consider both phenomena as an expression of healthy neurodevelopmental and maturation related to age. It is the first study of multinational qEEG developmental surfaces accounting for ‘country’. The results demonstrate the possibility of creating international qEEG norms since the ‘individual’ and ‘age’ variability are much larger than the specific factors like ‘country’, or the technology employed ‘device’.
Large scale analyses of genotype-phenotype relationships of glycine decarboxylase mutations and neurological disease severity
Authors: Farris Joseph , Calhoun Barbara , Alam Md Suhail , Lee Shaun , Haldar Kasturi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMonogenetic diseases provide unique opportunity for studying complex, clinical states that underlie neurological severity. Loss of glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) can severely impact neurological development as seen in non-ketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH). NKH is a neuro-metabolic disorder lacking quantitative predictors of disease states. It is characterized by elevation of glycine, seizures and failure to thrive, but glycine reduction often fails to confer neurological benefit, suggesting need for alternate tools to distinguish severe from attenuated disease. A major challenge has been that there are 255 unique disease-causing missense mutations inGLDC, of which 206 remain entirely uncharacterized. Here we report a Multiparametric Mutation Score (MMS) developed by combiningin silicopredictions of stability, evolutionary conservation and protein interaction models and suitable to assess 251 of 255 mutations. In addition, we created a quantitative scale of clinical disease severity comprising of four major disease domains (seizure, cognitive failure, muscular and motor control and brain-malformation) to comprehensively score patient symptoms identified in 131 clinical reports published over the last 15 years. The resulting patient Clinical Outcomes Scores (COS) were used to optimize the MMS for biological and clinical relevance and yield a patient Weighted Multiparametric Mutation Score (WMMS) that separates severe from attenuated neurological disease (p < 3.5e-5). Our study provides understanding for developing quantitative tools to predict clinical severity of neurological disease and a clinical scale that advances monitoring disease progression needed to evaluate new treatments for NKH.
Metagenomic Study Revealed the Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome in Gout
Authors: Chu Yongliang , Huang Yufen , Huang Qingchun , Xie Xuefeng , Wang Peng , Li Junxia , Liang Lifeng , He Xiaohong , Jiang Yiqi , Wang Maojie , Yang Jianhua , Chen Xiumin , Zhou Chu , Zhao Yue , Ding Fen , Zhang Yi , Wu Xiaodong , Bai Xueyuan , Wu JiaQi , Wei Xia , Chen XiangHong , Fang Xiaodong , Wang Zhang , Gao Qiang , Sun Silong , Huang Runyue 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTEmerging evidence has indicated an association between the gut microbiome and arthritis diseases including gout. This metagenomic study aims to investigate the possible role of gut microbiota in the development of gout. The results exhibit gout patients have higher abundance of Prevotella, Fusobacterium spp. and Bacteroides spp., whereas healthy controls have higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae spp., butyrate-producing species, including Roseburia spp., Butyrivibrio spp. and Coprococcus spp. and anti-inflammatory Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Functional analysis shows gut microbiome of gout patients have higher potential for fructose, mannose metabolism and lipid A biosynthesis, but lower potential for urate degradation and SCFAs production. Enterobacteriaceae spp. may contribute to urate degradation and provide immunostimulatory effect in healthy controls. A disease classifier based on gut microbiota shows positive performance in the discovery and validation cohorts (93.03% and 89.13% accuracy, respectively). The effect of uric-acid-lowering and anti-inflammatory drugs on the gut microbiome is mild. Integrative analyses of four additional diseases (obesity, type 2 diabetes, ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis) indicates gout seems to be more similar to autoimmune diseases than metabolic diseases. This work demonstrates an altered gut microbiota might influence the development of gout and provides new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.