bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Direct Carbon Emissions of Chinese Provincial Residents under Artificial Neural Networks in Deep Learning Environment
Authors: Hui Jin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt is aimed to deepen the understanding of the consumption carbon emissions of Chinese provinces, establish an accurate and feasible carbon emission prediction model, develop an urban low-carbon economy, and ensure the sustainable development of Chinese cities. Through the national statistical data information, based on the artificial neural network model, mathematical statistics and deep learning methods are used to learn and analyze the carbon emission data of various provinces in China from 1999 to 2019. The neural network toolbox in Matlab is used to program separately to realize the prediction of carbon emissions by different neural network models. After comparing and analyzing the accuracy and prediction performance, the optimal model for the prediction effect is selected. Finally, based on ArcGIS Engine (Arc Geographic Information Science Engine) and C#.NET platform, the call to Matlab neural network toolbox is realized. The selected model is embedded in the prediction system to complete the development of the entire system. The results show that the carbon emissions of residents in the north are distinctly higher than those in the south. Also, with the passage of time, the rate of carbon emissions continues to accelerate. Compared with other models, Elman neural network has higher accuracy and smaller error in carbon emission prediction. Compared to BP (Back Propagation) neural network, the accuracy is improved by 55.93%, and the prediction performance is improved by 19.48%. The prediction results show that China is expected to reach the peak of carbon emissions from 2027 to 2032. This investigation will provide a theoretical basis to control and plan carbon emissions from Chinese urban residents.
Intrinsic multiplication rate variation and plasticity of human blood stage malaria parasites
Authors: Stewart Lindsay B. , Diaz-Ingelmo Ofelia , Claessens Antoine , Abugri James , Pearson Richard D. , Goncalves Sonia , Drury Eleanor , Kwiatkowski Dominic P. , Awandare Gordon A. , Conway David J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPathogen multiplication rate is theoretically an important determinant of virulence, although often poorly understood. We show intrinsic multiplication rate variation of the major human malaria parasitePlasmodium falciparumto be associated with blood-stage infection intensity. A panel of clinical isolates from a highly endemic West African population was analysed repeatedly during five months of continuous culture, showing a range of exponential multiplication rates at all timepoints tested, mean rates increasing over time. All isolates had different genome sequences, many containing within-isolate diversity that decreased over time, but increases in multiplication rates were not primarily attributable to genomic selection. New mutants, including premature stop codons emerging in a few isolates, did not attain sufficiently high frequencies to substantially affect overall multiplication rates. Significantly, multiplication rate variation at each of the cultured timepoints robustly correlated with parasite levels in patients at clinical presentation, indicating parasite control of multiplication that contributes to virulence.
CB1R Regulates Soluble Leptin Receptor Levels via CHOP, Contributing to Hepatic Leptin Resistance
Authors: Drori Adi , Gammal Asaad , Azar Shahar , Hinden Liad , Hadar Rivka , Wesley Daniel , Nemirovski Alina , Szanda Gergő , Salton Maayan , Tirosh Boaz , Tam Joseph 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe soluble isoform of leptin receptor (sOb-R), secreted by the liver, regulates leptin bioavailability and bioactivity. Its reduced levels in diet-induced obesity (DIO) contributes to hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance, effects that are known to be regulated by the endocannabinoid (eCB)/CB1R system. Here we show that pharmacological activation/blockade as well as genetic overexpression/deletion of hepatic CB1R modulates sOb-R levels and consequently hepatic leptin resistance. Interestingly, peripheral CB1R blockade failed to reverse DIO-induced reduction of sOb-R levels, fat mass, dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis in mice lacking C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), whereas direct activation of CB1R in hepatocytes reduced sOb-R levels in a CHOP-dependent manner. Moreover, CHOP stimulation increased sOb-R expression and release via a direct regulation of its promoter, while CHOP deletion reduced leptin sensitivity. Our findings highlight a novel molecular aspect by which the hepatic eCB/CB1R system involves in the development of hepatic leptin resistance by regulating sOb-R levels via CHOP.SummaryHere we describe a novel molecular aspect by which the hepatic endocannabinoid/CB1R system contributes to hepatic leptin resistance by regulating soluble leptin receptor levels via CHOP.
Classification of ovarian cancer cell lines using transcriptional profiles defines the five major pathological subtypes
Authors: Barnes B. M. , Nelson L. , Tighe A. , Morgan R. D. , McGrail J. , Taylor S. S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogenous disease consisting of five major pathologically distinct subtypes: High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), low-grade serous (LGS), endometrioid, clear cell and mucinous carcinoma. Although HGSOC is the most prevalent subtype, representing approximately 75% of cases, a 2013 landmark study from Domckeet al., found that many frequently used ovarian cancer cell lines were not genetically representative of HGSOC tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Although this work subsequently identified several rarely used cell lines to be highly suitable as HGSOC models, cell line selection for ovarian cancer research does not appear to have altered substantially in recent years. Here, we find that application of non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) to the transcriptional profiles of 45 commonly used ovarian cancer cell lines exquisitely clusters them into five distinct classes, representative of the five main subtypes of EOC. This methodology was in strong agreement with Domckeet al., in identification of cell lines most representative of HGSOC. Furthermore, this robust classification of cell lines, including some previously not annotated or miss-annotated in the literature, now informs selection of the most appropriate models for all five pathological subtypes of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, using machine learning algorithms trained using the classification of the current cell lines, we are able provide a methodology for future classification of novel EOC cell lines.
Stability of amino acids and related amines in human serum under different preprocessing and pre-storage conditions based on iTRAQ®-LC-MS/MS
Authors: An Zhuoling , Shi Chen , Li Pengfei , Liu Lihong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAmino acids analysis or metabonomics requires abundant serum/plasma samples collection and samples storage has become inevitable given the limited capacity for immediate analysis. Currently, most of the existing studies on metabolites stability during sample storage focused on long-term and short-term stability, while many functional amino acids might be ignored due to the poor sensitivity and detection of analysis methods. Here, we attempted to elucidate the stability of amino acids and related amines as comprehensive as possible in human serum following different preprocessing and pre-storage procedures. Pooled, fasting serum samples were collected and stored at 4 °C and 22 °C respectively after a delay in sample processing (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours) and underwent freeze-thaw cycles for three times at −80 °C. The concentration of amino acids and related amines were quantified using isobaric tagging reagent iTRAQ®-LC-MS/MS. Approximately 54.84 %, 58.06 % and 48.39 % of detectable and target analytes altered at 4 °C and 22 °C during pre-treatment and freeze-thaw cycles. Some amino acids which are not stable and relatively stable were found. Our study provided detailed profiles and suggestions for amino acids in human serum corresponding to diverse collection and pre-treatment measures.
Transcriptional co-activator regulates melanocyte differentiation and oncogenesis by integrating cAMP and MAPK/ERK pathways
Authors: Ostojić Jelena , Sonntag Tim , Ngyen Billy , Vaughan Joan M. , Shokirev Maxim , Montminy Marc 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe cyclic AMP pathway promotes melanocyte differentiation in part by triggering gene expression changes mediated by CREB and its coactivators (CRTC1-3). Differentiation is dysregulated in melanomas, although the contributions of different cAMP effectors in this setting is unclear. We report a selective differentiation impairment in CRTC3 KO melanocytes and melanoma cells, due to downregulation of OCA2 and block of melanosome maturation. CRTC3 stimulated OCA2 expression via binding to CREB on a conserved enhancer, a regulatory site for pigmentation and melanoma risk in humans. Response to cellular signaling differed between CRTC3 and its family members; CRTC3 was uniquely activated by ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser391 and by low levels of cAMP. Phosphorylation at Ser391 was constitutively elevated in human melanoma cells with hyperactivated ERK1/2 signaling; knockout of CRTC3 in this setting impaired anchorage-independent growth, migration and invasiveness while CRTC3 overexpression supported cell survival in response to MAPK inhibition by vemurafenib. Human melanomas expressing gain of function mutations in CRTC3 were associated with poorer clinical outcome. Our results suggest that CRTC3 inhibition may provide benefit in the treatment of hyperpigmentation and melanoma, and potentially other disorders with deregulated cAMP/MAPK crosstalk.
LC3 subfamily in cardiolipin-mediated mitophagy: A comparison of the LC3A, LC3B and LC3C homologs
Authors: Iriondo Marina N. , Etxaniz Asier , Varela Yaiza R. , Hervás Javier H. , Montes L. Ruth , Goñi Félix M. , Alonso Alicia 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTAmong the described indicators of mitochondrial damage, externalization of the phospholipid cardiolipin (CL) to the outer mitochondrial membrane has been proposed to trigger mitophagy, acting as a signal for binding the autophagy protein LC3B. However, the behavior of the other LC3 subfamily members has not been explored yet. In the present contribution, a comparative analysis of the interaction of LC3B, LC3A and LC3C with CL-containing model membranes, as well as their ability to translocate to mitochondria was assessed. Binding of LC3A to CL was higher than that of LC3B, and both proteins showed a similar ability to colocalize with mitochondria upon induction of CL externalization by rotenone in HeLa-NDPK-D or SH-SY5Y cells. Two residues located in the N-terminal region of LC3A were shown to be important for its recognition of damaged mitochondria. Moreover, thein vitroresults suggested a possible role of LC3A, but not of LC3B, in oxidized-CL recognition as a counterweight to excessive apoptosis activation. In the case of LC3C, even if this protein showed a higher binding than LC3B or LC3A to CL, binding was less specific, and colocalization of LC3C with mitochondria was not rotenonedependent. These results suggest that, at variance with LC3A, LC3C does not participate in the rotenone-CL mitophagy mechanism. The data support the notion that the various LC3/GABARAP family members might play different roles during autophagy initiation, identifying LC3A as a novel stakeholder in CL-mediated mitophagy.
Dynamics of nevus development implicate cell cooperation in the growth arrest of transformed melanocytes
Authors: Ruiz-Vega Rolando , Chen Chi-Fen , Razzak Emaad , Vasudeva Priya , Krasieva Tatiana B. , Shiu Jessica , Caldwell Michael G. , Yan Huaming , Lowengrub John , Ganesan Anand , Lander Arthur D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMutational activation of the BRAF proto-oncogene in melanocytes reliably produces benign nevi (pigmented “moles”), yet the same change is the most common driver mutation in melanoma. The reason nevi stop growing, and do not progress to melanoma, is widely attributed to a cell-autonomous process of “oncogene-induced senescence”. Using a mouse model of Braf-driven nevus formation, analyzing both proliferative dynamics and single-cell gene expression, we found no evidence that nevus cells are senescent, either compared with other skin cells, or other melanocytes. We also found that nevus size distributions could not be fit by any simple cell-autonomous model of growth arrest, yet were easily fit by models based on collective cell behavior, e.g. in which arresting cells release an arrest-promoting factor. We suggest that nevus growth arrest is more likely related to the cell interactions that mediate size control in normal tissues, than to any cell-autonomous, “oncogene-induced” program of senescence.
Parallel monitoring of mRNA abundance, localisation and compactness with correlative single molecule FISH on LR White embedded samples
Authors: Kramer Susanne , Meyer-Natus Elisabeth , Thoma Hanna , Schnaufer Achim , Engstler Markus 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTSingle mRNA molecules are frequently detected by single molecule fluorescence in situ hybridisation (smFISH) using branched DNA technology. While providing strong and background-reduced signals, the method is inefficient in detecting mRNAs within dense structures, in monitoring mRNA compactness and in quantifying abundant mRNAs.To overcome these limitations, we have hybridised slices of high pressure frozen, LR White embedded cells (LR White smFISH). mRNA detection is physically restricted to the surface of the resin. This enables single molecule detection of RNAs with accuracy comparable to RNA sequencing, irrespective of their abundance, while at the same time providing spatial information on RNA localisation that can be complemented with immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, as well as electron tomography. Moreover, LR White embedding restricts the number of available probe pair recognition sites for each mRNA to a small subset. As a consequence, differences in signal intensities between RNA populations reflect differences in RNA tertiary structures, and we show that the method can be employed to probe for mRNA compactness. We apply LR White smFISH to answer some outstanding questions related to trans-splicing, RNA granules and mitochondrial RNA editing, using trypanosomes and their versatile RNA biology as a model system.
Cerebral laterality of writing in right- and left- handers: A functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound study
Authors: Papadatou-Pastou Marietta , Sampanis Panagiotis , Koumzis Ioannis , Stefanopoulou Sofia , Sousani Dionysia , Tsigkou Athina , Badcock Nicholas A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cerebral lateralization of written language has received very limited research attention in comparison to the wealth of studies on the cerebral lateralization of oral language. The purpose of the present study was to further our understanding of written language lateralization, by elucidating the relative contribution of language and motor functions. We compared written word generation with a task that has equivalent visuomotor demands but does not include language: the repeated drawing of symbols. We assessed cerebral laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound (fTCD), a non-invasive, perfusion-sensitive neuroimaging technique in 23 left- and 31 right-handed participants. Findings suggest that the linguistic aspect of written word generation recruited more left-hemispheric areas during writing, in right-handers compared to left-handers. This difference could be explained by greater variability in cerebral laterality patterns within left-handers or the possibility that the areas subserving language in left-handers are broader than in right-handers. Another explanation is that the attentional demands of the more novel symbol copying task (compared to writing) contributed more right-hemispheric activation in right-handers, but this could not be captured in left-handers due to ceiling effects. Future work could investigate such attentional demands using both simple and complex stimuli in the copying condition.
Vibration and fatigue life of an arresting cable under impact landing loads
Authors: Egido Fernández Andrés , García-Fogeda Nuñez Pablo , Arévalo Lozano Félix 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the fatigue life and dynamic loads of an arresting cable when a landing aircraft passes through a runway.

Design/methodology/approach
The cable is assumed to be under tension and with bending rigidity. The normal modes and natural frequencies of the vibrating wire are obtained analytically. The response of the arresting cable owing to the impact of the landing aircraft is modelled as a problem of initial conditions. The maximum normal and tangential stresses are determined for different landing conditions and landing aircraft sizes. The fatigue life of the wire is determined based on classical theories.

Findings
The results show that maximum shear stresses occur at the end of the cable. These shear stresses increased with higher off-centre landing position and decreased tyre width. Between 50 and 70% of the service life of the cable is reduced due to the dynamic loading effects.

Originality/value
A novel technique based on the solution of a continuous elastic system is proposed for analysing the displacements and stresses on an arresting cable due to the impact of a landing aircraft. The derived stresses can be used to calculate the service life of the cable.
Modified I-shaped hexa-band near perfect terahertz metamaterial absorber
Authors: A. Elakkiya , Sankararajan Radha , B.S. Sreeja , E. Manikandan 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
A novel and simple six-band metamaterial absorber is proposed in the terahertz region, which is composed of an I-shaped absorber and circular ring with four gaps and a continuous metal ground plane separated by only 0.125 mm polyimide dielectric substrate. Initially, I-shaped resonator gives three bands at 0.4, 0.468 and 0.4928 THz with the absorptivity of 99.3%, 97.9% and 99.1%, respectively. The purpose of this paper is to improve the number of bands, for which the authors added the circular ring with four gaps, so the simulated metamaterial absorber exhibited six absorption peaks at 0.3392, 0.3528, 0.3968, 0.4676, 0.4768 and 0.492 THz, with the absorption rate of 91.4%, 94.2%, 94.9%, 90.3%, 77.5% and 97.4%, respectively. The surface current distribution and angle independence are explained for all the six frequencies which are used to analyze the absorption mechanism clearly. Structure maximum uses the squares and circles, so it will make the fabrication easy. The multiband absorbers obtained here have potential applications in many engineering technology, thermal radiation, material detection and imaging and optoelectronic areas.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents the design of the six-band metamaterial absorber which is from the I-shaped resonator and circular ring with four gaps and the metallic ground plane separated by the 0.125 polyimide dielectric substrate. The absorber exhibited six absorption peaks at 0.3392, 0.3528, 0.3968, 0.4676, 0.4768 and 0.492 THz, with the absorption rate of 91.4%, 94.2%, 94.9%, 90.3%, 77.5% and 97.4%, respectively. From the fabrication point of view, the proposed six-band metamaterial absorber has a very simple geometrical structure, and it is very easy to be fabricated.

Findings
The authors present a new and simple design of six-band absorber based on an I-shaped absorber and circular ring with four gaps and a metallic ground plane separated by a polyimide layer having the thickness of 0.125 mm. Six different resonance absorption peaks are found at 0.3392, 0.3528, 0.3968, 0.4676 , 0.4768 and 0.492 THz. Surface current distribution and angle independence plot have been studied to understand the absorption behavior of the designed terahertz metamaterial absorber.

Originality/value
The multiband absorbers obtained here have potential applications in many engineering technology, thermal radiation, material detection, security, sensors, imaging and optoelectronic areas.
Acute-lethal toxicity test on juvenileOreochromis niloticusexposed toPiper betleextract under static exposure
Authors: Mustapha Siti Nurafiqah , John Akbar , Sheikh Hassan , Chowdhury Ahmad Jalal Khan , Yunus Kamaruzzaman 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the effect ofPiper betleleaf extract towards the acute-lethal toxicity, LC50 of red Nile tilapia juveniles (Oreochromis niloticus).Design/methodology/approachTen red Nile tilapia juveniles per tank (in triplicate) were used as an experimental fish for the LC50 bioassay. Five different concentrations ofP. betleextract; 80 ppm, 90 ppm, 100 ppm, 110 ppm and 120 ppm, were tested on the red Nile tilapia juveniles and one tank was acting as a control. The progress of the LC50 and lethal time of fish mortality were observed and recorded within the random interval of 96 h. The value for LC50 was determined as 100 ppm ofP. betleleaf extract. Higher number of fish mortalities was observed when concentration higher than 100 ppm was tested on to the red Nile tilapia juveniles.FindingsData obtained shows that theP. betleconcentration of 120 ppm accelerated the fish mortality period.Originality/valueHowever, adaption ofP. betleextract occurred after 50 h, as there was no fish mortality observed within the time.
New and renewable energy resources in the Indonesian electricity sector: a systems thinking approach
Authors: Sunitiyoso Yos , Mahardi Johan Prabandono , Anggoro Yudo , Wicaksono Agung 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to apply a systems thinking methodology to analyse Indonesia’s new and renewable energy (NRE) electricity sector to describe the complex interrelations between its actors and variables, identify the systemic patterns and formulate recommendations for the policymakers.

Design/methodology/approach
Systems thinking methodology is used to observe the NRE electricity system and compile the corresponding data into a meaningful diagram to describe and recommend solutions for the sector’s issues. Causal loop diagram is used as the main method in this study with a deeper analysis of system archetypes to uncover the system behaviour. Soft system methodology and critical system heuristic are used partially to clarify the system boundaries, cultivate the perspective of the involved actors and problem categorization.

Findings
A comprehensive diagram is developed to present interrelation between all the components within the NRE electricity sector in Indonesia and the expected impact of any act or change to the entire system. Based on the causal interrelations between variables, typical systemic patterns or archetypes are used to identify unproductive patterns towards achieving the NRE electricity sector objectives.

Originality/value
The findings provide an initial outlook on the variables and systemic patterns within the system as a critical consideration in the decision-making process and policy development for the NRE electricity sector.