bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative research of informal caregivers’ personal experiences caring for older adults with mental disorders in Lithuania: A phenomenological approach
Authors: Kontrimiene Ausrine , Sauseriene Jolanta , Blazeviciene Aurelija , Raila Gediminas , Jaruseviciene Lina 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background In many communities around the world, informal caregivers of older adults with mental disorders (such as dementia) represent an essential, yet often underappreciated, source of long-term care. The present study aimed to determine the personal experiences of such caregivers, which could be instrumental for developing means of improving the quality of care for both care receivers and their informal caregivers.Methods Five semi-structured focus-group discussions were held. The participants (n = 31) were all informal caregivers of older adults with mental disorders. The focus-group discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive approach was used, and thematic data analysis was applied.Results Four thematic categories were identified: learning caregiving through personal experience; implications of caregiving on social wellbeing; caregivers’ contradictory emotions regarding care delivery; and addressing challenges regarding care provision.Conclusions This study revealed, among the informal caregivers, a variety of experiences, contradicting feelings, and problem-solving strategies relating to the care of older adults with mental disorders. Becoming an effective caregiver involves professional and psychological development, but also requires a relevant educational background, a positive attitude, and a supportive environment. Caregiving largely impacts the emotional, physical, and social wellbeing of the person; thus, comprehensive approaches are needed to prevent burnout and associated social disadvantages.
Effects of pharmacist intervention on polypharmacy in patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan
Authors: Horii Takeshi , Atsuda Koichiro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective Investigation of polypharmacy in patients with type 2 diabetes revealed that the medications being administered according to the patient’s symptoms and complaints strongly contributed to polypharmacy. We explored the effects of clinical ward pharmacy service, which evaluated the need for symptomatic treatment, therefore minimizing polypharmacy by reducing inappropriate medications. Results The number of drugs [hospitalization vs. discharge: 9 (1-17) vs. 7 (1-16), P < 0.001] and rate of PP (hospitalization vs. discharge: 75.4% vs. 61.1%, P < 0.001) were significantly lower at discharge. Since hospital admission, the number of drugs increased (n = 6, 11%), remained unchanged (n = 15,28%), decreased by 1 drug (n = 4,8%), decreased by 2 drugs (n = 3,6%), and decreased by more than 2 drugs (n = 25,5%). Daily drug costs were significantly reduced (hospitalization vs. discharge: ＄8.3 vs. ＄6.1, P < 0.001).
Bradymonabacteria, a novel bacterial predator with versatile survival strategies in saline environments
Authors: Mu Da-Shuai , Wang Shuo , Liang Qi-Yun , Du Zhao-Zhong , Tian Renmao , Ouyang Yang , Wang Xin-Peng , Zhou Aifen , Gong Ya , Chen Guan-Jun , Nostrand Joy Van , Yang Yunfeng , Zhou Jizhong , Du Zongjun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Bacterial predation is an important selective force for microbial community structure and dynamics. However, only a limited number of predatory bacteria were reported, and their predatory strategies and evolutionary adaption remain elusive. We recently isolated a novel group of bacterial predator, Bradymonabacteria, representative of the novel order Bradymonadales in δ-Proteobacteria. Compared with other bacterial predators (e.g. Myxococcales and Bdellovibrionales), the predatory and living strategies of Bradymonadales remain largely unknown.Results: Bradymonabacteria preyed on diverse bacteria but had a high preference on Bacteroidetes based on individual co-culture of Bradymonabacteria with 281 prey bacteria. Genomic analysis of 13 recently sequenced Bradymonabacteria indicated that these bacteria had conspicuous metabolic deficiencies, but they could synthesize many polymers, such as polyphosphate and polyhydroxyalkanoates. Dual-transcriptome analysis of co-culture of Bradymonabacteria and prey suggested the potential contact-dependent predation mechanism. Comparative genomic analysis with other 24 bacterial predators indicated Bradymonabacteria had different predatory and living strategies. Furthermore, we extracted Bradymonadales from 1552 public available 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing samples and found that Bradymonadales was widely distributed and highly abundant in saline environments. Phylogenetic analysis showed there may be six proposed subgroups for this order and each subgroup occupied a different habitat. Conclusions: Bradymonabacteria have unique living strategies, which are different from so-called “obligate” or “facultative” predators. We propose a framework to categorize the current bacterial predators into 3 groups: (i) highly prey-dependent predators, (ii) facultative prey-dependent predators, and (iii) prey-independent predators. Our findings provide an ecological and evolutionary framework for Bradymonadales and highlight their potential ecological roles in saline environments.
Ambulatory blood pressure is better associated with target organ damage than clinic blood pressure in patients with primary glomerular disease
Authors: wen ruowei , chen xiaoqiu , zhu ye , ke jianting , du yi , wang cheng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Blood pressure is an important and modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) provides valuable prognostic information in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet little is known about the association of various types of BP measurements with target organ damage (TOD) in patients with primary glomerular disease. The goal of this study was to investigate whether ambulatory blood pressure is better associated with TOD than clinic blood pressure in patients with primary glomerular disease. Methods: 1178 patients with primary glomerular disease were recruited in this cross-sectional study. TOD were assessed by the following 4 parameters: left ventricular mass index (LVMI or LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m 2 ), albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR≥30mg/g) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) or plaque. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between ambulatory or clinic systolic blood pressure (SBP) indexes and TOD. Results: Among 1178 patients (mean age, 39 years,54% men), 116, 458, 1031 and 251 patients had LVH, eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 , ACR≥30mg/g and cIMT≥0.9mm or plaque respectively. Area under ROC curves for TOD in ambulatory SBP, especially nighttime SBP, was greater than that in clinic SBP ( P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that 24h SBP, daytime SBP and nighttime SBP were significantly associated with LVH, eGFR<60 ml/min/1.73m 2 and ACR≥30mg/g after adjustment for clinic SBP, while the association of clinic SBP was attenuated after further adjustment for nighttime SBP. Conclusions: Ambulatory blood pressure, especially nighttime blood pressure, is superior to clinic blood pressure in estimating TOD in patients with primary glomerular disease. Key Words: Ambulatory blood pressure, Clinic blood pressure, Target organ damage, Primary glomerular disease
Advanced stage ovarian cancer patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy suffered worse recurrence free survival
Authors: Wu Cailiang , Zhou Xuexin , Feng Yiwen , Miao Yi , Yang Ye , Zhou Long , Li Xing , Ji Xiaoning , Sang ZhenYu , Xu Wei , He Yinyan , Zhu Yaping , Bao Wei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has been applied for the treatment of patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), fallopian tube cancer, and primary peritoneal cancer, as these patients have a low likelihood of achieving optimal debulking and are thus poor surgical candidates. Herein, we explore the effects of NACT and compare the surgical outcomes and recurrence data in patients who receive interval debulking surgery followed NACT(NACT-IDS) or primary debulking surgery(PDS). Methods A retrospective, single-center, observational study was conducted. Patients with advanced-stage EOC, fallopian tube cancer and primary peritoneal cancer who were treated with NACT or primary debulking surgery were enrolled. The effects of NACT as well as the surgical outcomes and recurrence data were compared between the NACT-IDS and PDS groups. Results The albumin level was elevated (42.61±3.46 g/L vs. 37.47±5.42 g/L, P=0.001) and the levels of CA12-5 and HE4 significantly decreased (P=0.002, 0.003) in patients after neoadjuvant courses. The operation time, amount of blood loss during surgery, rate of bowel resection, time to chemotherapy, and platinum-free interval were comparable between the two groups (P＞0.05). Recurrence-free survival was worse in the NACT-IDS group than in the PDS group (HR=2.406, 95% CI[1.024, 5.657]). Conclusion NACT improved the condition of advanced-stage patients, but a poor recurrence free survival rate was observed; thus, NACT should not be applied in non-selected patients.
Hacia una mayor comprensión del empoderamiento: Las vendedoras ambulantes mixtecas en Tijuana y la participación del Estado
Authors: Niño Contreras Lya 
Published: January 2020

La migración indígena femenina hacia ciudades del norte de México, sin perder de vista los conflictos presentes del proceso, generalmente es concebida como un sujeto activo en los lugares de destino, donde las relaciones de poder y la resignificación de la cultura en el nuevo contexto desempeñan un papel fundamental. El propósito es analizar las relaciones de poder de las vendedoras ambulantes mixtecas concretamente en el espacio público; para lo anterior, se analiza el caso de interfaz: las mujeres y el Estado. Nos basamos en una concepción de poder fluida, multidireccional y relacional, donde no hay figuras “poderosas” a priori ni externas a las relaciones sociales, y donde el ejercicio del poder implique ejercerlo y cederlo a la vez (Villarreal, 1994, 2000); Así como en una concepción donde el capital social se genere en las relaciones sociales y se negocie. Lo anterior permitirá desmitificar la idea de que el poder y el empoderamiento son lineales y visualizar a las mujeres mixtecas como sujetos capaces de ejercer poder.
Tufan Betimlemesi ve Sanattaki Yansımalarından Örnekler
Authors: Kubat Leyla 
Published: January 2020

Mitoloji bilinmeyen bir zamanda ve
yerde yaşanan, olağanüstü varlıklar ve olayların anlatımıdır. Manevi dünyayı ve
dış dünya ile ilişkileri de yansıtmaktadır. İnsanın varoluşundan bugüne kadar
bazı büyük olaylar meydana gelmiştir. Heraklitus, Platon
ve Aristoteles, geçmişte
insanlığın uğradığı en büyük olayları su ve ateş felaketleri olarak ifade
etmişlerdir. Su bazen yaradılışın ilk aşaması, bazen insanların
cezalandırılması olarak kabul edilir. Aristo’ya göre sanatçı, gerçekten olanı
değil, olabilir olanı, yani, rastlantı ve mümkün olabileni anlatandır demiştir.
Olan ve olabilir olan en büyük olaylardan su ile ilgili olan tufan efsanesi,
mitolojinin, dinin ve sanatın olağanüstü özellikler taşıyan konusu olmuştur.
Tufan’ın meydana gelmesi neden ve sonuçları irdelendiğinde, olağan ve sosyal
nitelikler içermektedir. Tufan mitleri, bölgelere özgü anlatımlar içerse de
genellikle bölgesel olmaktan çok bütün dünyayı etkileyen bir olay olarak
anlatılmıştır. Tufan facialara neden olurken, düzene ve inanca meydan
okumaktadır. Kültürel ve dinsel bir nitelik taşıyan Tufan’ın birçok psikolojik,
sosyolojik, dini, tarihi ve sanatsal yansımalarının olması da kaçınılmazdır. Bu
olayları ele alan sanat dalları, farklı anlatım araçlarını kullanarak dinsel,
ahlaki ve politik mesajıyla toplumu ve evrenin minimal temsilini yansılayan bir
araca dönüşmüştür. İnsanın inanışa, doğaüstüne, ruhani olana, hayal gücüne
bağlılığı hep olacaktır. Toplumsal
devamlılığı sağlayan mitoloji, felsefenin ön temsili gibi görünse de kendisini
ifade ettiği en güçlü alan sanattır. Edebiyat ve sanat dünyasında tufan daha
çok kavram olarak kullanılmıştır. Çok
sayıda çağdaş roman ve filme konu olmuştur. İnsanın doğaya karşı üstün olduğu
düşüncesi ve üstün davranışını ele almaktadır. Tufan mitolojisi sanatta, çok
sık bir şekilde kullanmıştır, sanatçılar bu kaynaktan beslenmişlerdir. Bu
çalışmada, sanata kaynaklık eden ve sanattın farklı dallarında konu alınan
tufan efsanesi farklı kültürlerde görülmesi ve sanata dönemi bakımından önem
arz eden örneklerle anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır.
The Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Mental Disorders: A Review on Depression, Anxiety, Alzheimer, and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Ansari Fereshteh , Pourjafar Hadi , Tabrizi Aydin , Homayouni Aziz 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Probiotics and their nutrient sources (prebiotics) have been shown to have
positive effects on different organs of the host. The idea of their potential benefits on Central Nervous
Systems (CNS) and the incidence of Anxiety, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer, Depression, Autism, and other
mental disorders has proposed a new category of medicines called “psychobiotic” which is hoped to
be of low-side effect anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and anti-anxiety constitutes.

Objective:
In the current review, we present valuable insights into the complicated interactions between
the GI microbiota (especially in the colon), brain, immune and central nervous systems and provide
a summary of the main findings of the effects of pro- and prebiotics on important mental disorders
from the potential mechanisms of action to their application in clinical practice.

Methods:
Google Scholar, Pub Med, Scopus, and Science Direct databases were searched using following
key words: “probiotics”, “prebiotics”, “mental disorders”, “psychological disorders”, “depression”,
“anxiety”, “stress”, “Alzheimer” and “autism spectrum”. The full text of potentially eligible
studies was retrieved and assessed in detail by the reviewers. Data were extracted and then summarized
from the selected papers.

Results:
The results of the provided evidence suggest that probiotic and prebiotics might improve mental
function via several mechanisms. The beneficial effects of their application in Depression, Anxiety,
Alzheimer and autism spectrum diseases have also been supported in clinical studies.

Conclusion:
Pro and prebiotics can improve mental health and psychological function and can be offered
as new medicines for common mental disorders, however, more clinical studies are necessary to
conduct regarding the clinical significance of the effects and their bioequivalence or superiority against
current treatments.
Association of Mutations in the NS5A-PKRBD Region and IFNL4 Genotypes with Hepatitis C Interferon Responsiveness and its Functional and Structural Analysis
Authors: Hashempour Tayebeh , Dehghani Behzad , Mousavi Zahra , Akbari Tahereh , Hasanshahi Zahra , Moayedi Javad , Yahaghi Maryam , Davarpanah Mohammad Ali 
Published: January 2020

Background:The cellular antiviral responses induced by interferons require some cellular protein kinase for its activation. Evidence indicated that a number of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) proteins can repress double-stranded (ds) RNA-dependent Protein Kinase (PKR) function and help HCV to escape. However, the reports are controversial, some researchers have suggested that a region in Nonstructural 5A (NS5A) gene called Protein Kinase R-Binding Domain (PKR-BD) is associated with HCV sensitivity to the antiviral effects of Interferon (IFN). In addition, the other factor that might be associated with response to PEGylated-IFNα (Peg-IFNα) and Ribavirin (RBV) combination therapy, is IFNL4 genotypes.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the association between amino acid (aa) substitutions in the NS5A region and the IFNL4 genotypes in two Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) (rs8099917. rs12979860) in patients with HCV genotypes 1a and 3a. We also examined their response to combination therapy and the effect of these mutations on the function and structure of PKR-BD.Methods:Eighty-six patients with hepatitis C were recruited and follow-up for 6 months. Several tests, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), viral load, IFNL4 genotyping, and PKR-BD sequencing were performed. Using several well-known and trustworthy bioinformatics tools, sequences were analyzed to define physio-chemical properties, structural features, immune epitopes and protein-protein interaction.Results:Of the 86 patients, 65.1% had high viral load at baseline, 64% had CT genotype for rs12979860 and 57% had GT genotype for rs8099917. Several aa residues changes were found in the PKR-BD region. We could not find any link between mutations in the PKR-BD region and different genotypes of IFNL4 in response to antiviral therapy. Regardless of pI, PKR-BD 1a and 3a showed similar physio-chemical properties, and 2 phosphorylation sites and one glycosylation site were estimated for both PKR-BD 1a and 3a. Trustworthy software were employed in order to predict B-cell epitopes, 3 regions (6-17, 26-32, 34-41) were found for both proteins, indicating a huge potential of PKR-BD protein to induce humoral immune system. Docking analysis determined non-responder sequences in both 1a and 3a genotypes to have higher energy value and are more compatible with PKR.Conclusion:To sum up, our results could not determine any significant relationship between mutations of PKR-BD and genotypes of IFNL4 with other factors; ALT, AST, viral load. However, docking results showed strengthened interaction between PKR-BD and PKR in non-responders that could have a momentous impact on the illness severity.
Association of the Haze and Diabetes in China
Authors: Sun Jun , Ji Jie , Wang Yurong , Gu Harvest F. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
China, as the largest developing country in the world, has experienced rapid
economic development during the past decades. As a side effect of the rapid growth of Chinese economy,
air pollution in the form of haze is harmful to human health.

Introduction:
China is also one of the countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes in Asia and has
the largest burden of diabetes in the world. Recent evidence suggests a positive correlation between air
pollution and the increased risk of diabetes. However, the association of haze with diabetes is still unclear.

Methods:
Based upon literature searching with PubMed, the information on haze and prevalence of diabetes
in different cities or provinces of China is summarized. The possible association of haze with diabetes
and the perspectives of haze research particularly in the prevention of haze in China are then discussed.

Results:
The exposure of long-term air pollution such as haze reduces insulin-dependent glucose uptake,
leading to insulin resistance; damages beta cell function, leading to decreased insulin secretion,
and promotes subcutaneous fat accumulation. Pathophysiological effects of particulate matters in diabetes
through inflammation and oxidative stress were evidenced by several epidemiological and experimental
studies.

Conclusion:
A better understanding of the incidence of diabetes caused by haze exposure may facilitate
policy development in air pollution prevention and intervention design in diabetes prevention. Continuous
improvement in air quality may help to reduce diabetes prevalence in China.
Low-dose Computed Tomography (CT) for the Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease in Children: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Lu , Wang Longlun , Qin Yong , Cai Jinhua 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Low dose CT has become a promising examination method for the diagnosis
of Congenital heart disease (CHD) in children because it has a low radiation dose, but it has
not been widely accepted as an alternative to standard-dose CT in clinical applications due to concerns
about image quality. Therefore, we suggest that the diagnostic accuracy, image quality, and
radiation dose of low-dose CT for CHD in children should be fully explored through a metaanalysis
of existing studies.

Methods:
A comprehensive search was performed to identify relevant English and Chinese articles
(from inception to May 2019). All selected studies concerned the diagnosis of CHD in children
using low-dose CT. The accuracy of low-dose CT was determined by calculating pooled estimates
of sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and likelihood ratio. Pooling was conducted
using a bivariate generalized linear mixed model. Forest plots and summary receiver operating
characteristic (SROC) curves were generated.

Results:
Ten studies, accounting for 577 patients, met the eligibility criteria. The pooled sensitivity
and specificity were 0.95 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92-0.97) and 1.00 (95% CI 1.00-
1.00), respectively. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood
ratio of low-dose CT were 12705.53 (95% CI 5065.00-31871.73), 671.29 (95% CI 264.77-
1701.97), and 0.05 (95% CI 0.03-0.08), respectively. Additionally, the area under the SROC curve
was 1.00 (95% CI 0.99-1.00), suggesting that low-dose CT is an excellent diagnostic tool for
CHD in children.

Conclusion:
Low-dose CT, especially with a prospective ECG-triggering mode, provides excellent
imaging quality and high diagnostic accuracy for CHD in children.
Effect of Aglycon and Glycoside Flavonoid-Enriched Extracts Obtained from Buxus sempervirens L. on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ajebli Mohammed , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Buxus sempervirens L. is a medicinal plant with several beneficial effects on
health and is widely used in Moroccan folklore as an antidiabetic plant.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of both aglycone and glycoside
flavonoid enriched extracts of this plant in the experimental diabetic state.

Methods:
In the current work, the effect of aglycone and glycoside flavonoid-enriched extracts from
the leaves of Buxus sempervirens L. (AFBS and GFBS) (10 mg/kg) on blood glucose levels has been
evaluated in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. Moreover, the histopathological changes
in the liver and pancreas have been assessed in STZ diabetic rats. The ability of AFBS and GFBS to
improve glucose tolerance in normal rats was also evaluated.

Results:
In normal rats, both a single and repeated administration of AFBS and GFBS (10 mg/kg)
showed no significant effects on blood glucose levels. However, both single and repeated oral administration
of the two fractions showed a significant blood glucose lowering effect (p<0.0001) in STZ
rats. In addition, histopathological analysis has demonstrated the beneficial impact of AFBS and
GFBS on the pancreas and liver. Whereas, the oral glucose tolerance test demonstrated no significant
ability of these extracts to improve the increase in blood glucose levels in normal and diabetic treated
rats. In the current study, no significant changes in body weight in normal and STZ rats have been
shown. In addition, the antioxidant activity of both AFBS and GFBS revealed the antioxidant effect
of both extracts. Furthermore, both flavonoid-enriched fractions had no significant effect on blood
lipid levels.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, AFBS and GFBS exhibited an interesting antidiabetic effect on streptozotocin
rats and GFBS which seems to be more effective than AFBS.