bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EIS Investigation on the Influence of Natural Releasing of Inhibitor from Coral Aggregate on the Steel Corrosion in Coral Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Ma Haiyan , Wu Zhangyu , Yu Hongfa , Zhang Jinhua , Da Bo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSteel corrosion in coral aggregate concrete (CAC) mixed with different inhibitors was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique in this paper. Considering the porosity characteristic of coral aggregate, a novel method of premixing inhibitor into coral aggregate was proposed and compared with the conventional mixing method for inhibitor. Three equivalent circuits were proposed and validated for the interpretation of EIS data of CAC. Finally, the influences of inhibitor type (calcium nitrite [CN] and amino-alcohol [AA] inhibitor), inhibitor content, and mixing method on the steel corrosion in CAC were analyzed and discussed through the EIS results. Results indicated that there were good fitting effects for the proposed circuits fitting the EIS data of steel in CAC mixed with different inhibitors. The anticorrosion effect of 3 % CN inhibitor is better than that of 2 % AA inhibitor in early phase (0–180 days), whereas the effect of the latter is more pronounced than the former in late period (180~270 days). In addition, according to the evolution of passive film resistance of steel in CAC, the premixing method is proven to be more effective than the direct-mixing method in long-term anticorrosion work. Finally, a unified equivalent circuit was established to interpret the EIS data of CAC, which has a promising significance in the further investigation of steel corrosion in CAC.
Approximate Experimental Simulation of Clogging of Pervious Concrete Pile Induced by Soil Liquefaction during Earthquake
Authors: Cui Xin-zhuang , Jin Qing , Cui She-qiang , Zhang Jiong , Zhang Xiao-ning 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIt has been reported by previous studies that the pervious concrete pile (PCP) has the advantages of high permeability and strength as a novel ground-improvement technology. However, during an earthquake, the liquefied soil particle is bound to migrate into the PCP under the excess pore water pressure because of dynamic stress. This leads to the clogging of PCP. In this study, a permeability test system for an approximate simulation of this clogging is presented. The experimental results obtained by employing this system were reported and validated. In order to gain insight into the clogging caused by earthquake, the effects of the porosity on pervious concrete were evaluated. Clogging that accounted for the acceleration peak, the frequency, and the duration of vibration were characterized. The thickness of the impervious layer of ground surface and the pile spacing on the clogging were studied as well. Results show that within the scope of this study, the clogging of PCP is significantly related to the aforementioned factors. In addition to the thickness of the impervious soil layer, the clogging becomes more obviously with the increase of the other five factors. However, the overlarge values of some factors, such as the porosity of pervious concrete, the acceleration peak, and the frequency/duration of vibration, cannot obviously aggravate the clogging of pervious concrete. Based on the experimental evidence, a preliminary dynamic clogging model is proposed, which is helpful for the design of PCP composite foundation.
Toward Standardization in Biotechnology Platforms to Support Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Lin-Gibson Sheng , Srinivasan Vijay 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The current race to develop and manufacture vaccines and therapeutics to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to an increased recognition of and investment in various technology platforms, including manufacturing and measurement platforms, across many sectors of biotechnology. We are also witnessing the convergence of multidisciplinary technologies to enable rapid response and capacity building for diagnostics, treatments, and prevention, and in biosurveillance and monitoring. Addressing this global challenge requires smart and distributed manufacturing underpinned by robust standards that are necessary to ensure the quality and consistency of bioproducts.
El Examen de Ingreso a la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México: Evidencias de Validez de una Prueba de Alto Impacto y Gran Escala
Authors: Sánchez Mendiola Melchor , García Minjares Manuel , Martínez González Adrián , Buzo Casanova Enrique 
Published: October 2020

Introducción. Los exámenes de admisión a la educación superior son evaluaciones sumativas de alto impacto para los aspirantes, por lo que requieren evidencia de validez para que las inferencias que se hagan de los resultados sean apropiadas. La Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) es la institución de educación superior más solicitada del país, anualmente ingresan menos del 10% de los aspirantes por examen de selección. Métodos. Se realizó un análisis de las fuentes de evidencia de validez del examen, con el modelo conceptual de Messick, Kane y los Estándares de la AERA-APA-NCME, con la información generada de la aplicación de febrero 2019 a 148.407 sustentantes. Resultados: Se identificaron evidencias de validez de contenido, proceso de respuesta, estructura interna, relación con otras variables y consecuencias del examen. Los resultados revelan que el examen de ingreso tiene suficiente evidencia de validez para afirmar que es sólido como herramienta de medición del conocimiento. Discusión. Por su relevancia social, es fundamental que las instituciones que usan este tipo de instrumentos documenten sus evidencias de validez. Es necesario realizar investigaciones periódicas longitudinales sobre el uso del examen, ya que las condiciones sociales y educativas del contexto de la población de aspirantes son dinámicas.
Negative Moods as the Only Possible Locus of Ontological Experience
Authors: Luks Leo 
Published: October 2020

This article is a Heideggerian inquiry into the possibility of ontological experience, that is, the possibility of experiencing the ontological difference, something wholly distinct from beings. Heidegger, as we know, articulated this as the question of Being. It is a paradoxical question that cannot, at first sight, be answered phenomenologically (in the Husserlian style): if any conscious experience presupposes the constitution of an intentional object in the act of experience, there must be something in any experience.In this article, I set out to defend the position that ontological experience is possible and central to the human existence. This view rests on the Heideggerian notion of the affective grounds of all thinking, the attunement of any experience by moods. I will argue that: 1) any thinking is attuned by moods; 2) ontological experience (i.e. experiencing something wholly distinct from beings) occurs in certain negative moods. 3) ontological experience is possible only through failure, a malfunction in the fulfilment of meaning; 4) ontological experience is possible in art rather than in science (or in some rigorous philosophy).
Friedrich Nietzsche’s Political Philosophy as Political Anthropology
Authors: Baranova Jūratė 
Published: October 2020

The article starts with the question: how is the political philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche even possible? The author discusses with Tracy B. Strong’s presumption that Nietzsche’s political philosophy is not possible as a transcendental deduction. The author supposes that this type of question clashes with the premises of Nietzsche’s thinking and also undermines the interpretation of the other aspects of his philosophy. First of all: the question of nazification and denazification of Nietzsche’s thought. The article comes to the conclusion that in the scope of recent investigation there is not much sense in raising the question whether Nietzsche’s political views are political philosophy in the normative meaning of the term, but it is possible to discuss the question of political anthropology as the psychology of the nations Nietzsche was really interested in.
Horror in the Andes
Authors: Dietrich Martha-Cecilia 
Published: October 2020

Horror in the Andes is a behind-the-scenes documentary that follows the process of making a horror movie in Ayacucho, Peru. Directed by audio-visual anthropologist Martha-Cecilia Dietrich, it explores how Andean filmmakers use the horror genre as a means to revive stories of a pre-colonial past. Appropriating a global cinematic language to tell local (hi)stories, Horror in the Andes pays testament to the craft of filmmaking and its community.
Intracellular Phosphate and ATP Depletion Measured by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Chazot Guillaume , Lemoine Sandrine , Kocevar Gabriel , Kalbacher Emilie , Sappey-Marinier Dominique , Rouvière Olivier , Juillard Laurent 
Published: October 2020

Significance Statement
The origin of most of the phosphate removed during hemodialysis has been uncertain. In this pilot study, the authors used phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine, and ATP kinetics in 11 patients with ESKD during a 4-hour hemodialysis treatment. They found a decreased concentration of both intracellular Pi and ATP, confirming that Pi is, at least partially, released by the intracellular compartment. This finding raises the possibility that excessive dialytic removal of phosphate might adversely affect the intracellular availability of high-energy phosphates and ultimately, cellular metabolism.

Background
The precise origin of phosphate that is removed during hemodialysis remains unclear; only a minority comes from the extracellular space. One possibility is that the remaining phosphate originates from the intracellular compartment, but there have been no available data from direct assessment of intracellular phosphate in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Methods
We used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi), phosphocreatine (PCr), and βATP. In our pilot, single-center, prospective study, 11 patients with ESKD underwent phosphorus (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy examination during a 4-hour hemodialysis treatment. Spectra were acquired every 152 seconds during the hemodialysis session. The primary outcome was a change in the PCr-Pi ratio during the session.

Results
During the first hour of hemodialysis, mean phosphatemia decreased significantly (−41%; P<0.001); thereafter, it decreased more slowly until the end of the session. We found a significant increase in the PCr-Pi ratio (+23%; P=0.001) during dialysis, indicating a reduction in intracellular Pi concentration. The PCr-βATP ratio increased significantly (+31%; P=0.001) over a similar time period, indicating a reduction in βATP. The change of the PCr-βATP ratio was significantly correlated to the change of depurated Pi.

Conclusions
Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy examination of patients with ESKD during hemodialysis treatment confirmed that depurated Pi originates from the intracellular compartment. This finding raises the possibility that excessive dialytic depuration of phosphate might adversely affect the intracellular availability of high-energy phosphates and ultimately, cellular metabolism. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between objective and subjective effects of hemodialysis and decreases of intracellular Pi and βATP content.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number
Intracellular Phosphate Concentration Evolution During Hemodialysis by MR Spectroscopy (CIPHEMO), NCT03119818
Interest and Need: Critical Look at their Identification in Russian Law
Authors: Malinova A. G. 
Published: October 2020

Based on a critical analysis of the doctrinal definitions of the concept of "interest" in sociology, psychology, and law, it is concluded that the prevailing point of view in modern Russian legal theory, i.e. "interest is a conscious need to satisfy a need", is wrongly absolutized. Excessive psychologization of modern legal definitions of interest leads to a direct identification of interests with needs, puts an equal sign between these far from close concepts. It is shown that the widespread use of psychological terminology in legal definitions of interest (In particular, the terms "awareness" and "comprehension"), does not bring any "freshness" in legal knowledge about interests. The vast majority of phenomena, objects, and events in everyday and scientific speech are not considered to be conscious, since the awareness of these phenomena is self-evident. The doctrinal definitions of interests that exist in legal science and highlight their "awareness" as the main feature are practically unsuitable for law enforcement. The author substantiates the conclusion that the widely used legal concept of "interest" needs to be freed from the excessive psychologization of its many meanings, which will, in turn, free itself from the understanding of a conscious need as the only reason for the emergence of interest. It is suggested that the definition of "interest" should be formulated not on specific types or often synonymous meanings of this concept, but on generalizations of a higher order — such as could organically include all currently existing definitions of interest. Only universals can do this. And such a universal is the concept of "well-being".
On the number of empty cells in the allocation scheme of indistinguishable particles
Authors: Chuprunov Alexey , Fazekas Istvan 
Published: October 2020

The allocation scheme of \(n\) indistinguishable particles into \(N\) different cells is studied. Let the random variable \(\mu_0(n,K,N)\) be the number of empty cells among the first \(K\) cells. Let \(p=\frac{n}{n+N}\). It is proved that \(\frac{\mu_0(n,K,N)-K(1-p)}{\sqrt{ K p(1-p)}}\) converges in distribution to the Gaussian distribution with expectation zero and variance one, when \(n,K, N\to\infty\) such that \(\frac{n}{N}\to\infty\) and \(\frac{n}{NK}\to 0\). If \(n,K, N\to\infty\) so that \(\frac{n}{N}\to\infty\) and \(\frac{NK}{n}\to \lambda\), where \(0&lt;\lambda&lt;\infty\), then \(\mu_0(n,K,N)\) converges in distribution to the Poisson distribution with parameter \(\lambda\). Two applications of the results are given to mathematical statistics. First, a method is offered to test the value of \(n\). Then, an analogue of the run-test is suggested with an application in signal processing.
Crowdsourced Software Testing: A Timely Opportunity
Authors: Donepudi Praveen Kumar 
Published: October 2020

The concept of crowdsourcing has gained a lot of attention lately. Many companies are making use of this concept for value creation, as well as the performance of varied tasks. Despite its wide application, little is known about crowdsourcing, especially when it comes to crowdsourced software testing. This paper explores the crowdsourced software testing concept from a wider perspective ranging from a cost-benefit analysis, crowdsourcing intermediaries, and the level of expertise in the crowd. Drawing from a varied range of sources, a systematic literature review is done, where the research narrows down to ten most relevant peer-reviewed sources of high impact rating. In a comparative analysis between crowdsourced software testing and in-house testing, it is found that crowd testing has numerous advantages when it comes to efficiency, user heterogeneity, and cost-effectiveness. The study indicates that intermediaries play a key role in managing the connection between the crowd and crowdsourcing companies despite various challenges. A comparison between novice testers and expert testers reveals that both the two have their unique capabilities in their respective domains.
A long term functional and radiological outcome assessment study of management of high grade acromioclavicular joint injury
Authors: Goel Rajesh , Bhushan Anand , Kumar Sandeep , Kumar Mohit 
Published: October 2020

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Acromioclavicular joint dislocation (ACD) of Rockwood types III and above require surgical intervention. We used a unique technique for CC interval fixation using endobutton with two separate small incisions, which did not need dissection through the joint at all. It replaces the anatomical course of conoid and trapezoid part of the CC ligament. The purpose of the present study was to describe an innovative method of fixation and evaluate its functional outcome using subjective as well as objective measures. We aimed to determine whether this fixation method could be an optimal alternative to address this injury.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 24 patients were enrolled for this prospective longitudinal study. Coraco-clavicular distance was calculated radiologically preoperatively and at the final follow up. Clinically, the final outcome was assessed using the Shoulder Constant score and visual analogue scale (VAS) for residual pain at the final follow up.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> There was no statistically significant difference between the two shoulders and results were considered as an excellent in terms of constant shoulder score. The VAS was 0.42 (0-1) at final follow-up. The coraco-clavicular distance (CC) reduced significantly postoperatively and was comparable to the contralateral side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study results suggested that this is a simple, safe and effective technique which needed minimal dissection.</p>
Trans-osseous intraoperative limb length measurement in hip replacement surgery
Authors: Pilar Anoop , Rao Srivatsa Nagaraj , Muniswamy Madan Mohan , Manohar Sandesh G , Amaravathi Rajkumar S. 
Published: October 2020

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Discrepancy of the limb length following total hip replacement is one of common complication. To reduce the occurrence, various modalities are used like pre-operative templating, navigation assisted measurements and intraoperative methods. This study was done using trans-osseous method of measurement using hip gauge which provides a faster, simpler assessment of limb length.</p><p><strong>M</strong><strong>ethods: </strong>A prospective study of 25 patients who underwent uncemented hip arthroplasty was taken in the study and the LLD was measured before and after the surgical procedure. Patient were re-assessed for limb length discrepancy after 6 months with functional Harris hip score and radiological analysis on weight bearing standard X-ray antero-posterior view of the pelvis with bilateral hip joint.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>R</strong><strong>esults: </strong>The results showed significant improvement in limb length discrepancy, and analysis of postoperative radiographs found the mean length difference of 2.44 mm and average Harris hip score was 95.5. No device related complications were reported, and none of them complained of the discomfort related to limb-length discrepancy after surgery. <strong></strong></p><p><strong>C</strong><strong>onclusions: </strong>Trans-osseous fixed method using hip gauge provides a faster, reproducible and simpler method for the assessment of Limb length and aids with offset placement, acetabular anteversion for precise cup placement. This is a reliable method as it can be used both in the primary and revision hip surgery and most importantly doesn’t require any additional intraoperative imaging.<strong></strong></p>
Evaluation the efficacy and safety of fire needle compared to filiform needle on knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gao Yuanjie , Liu Lu , Li Bin , Guo Jing , Liu Huilin , Wang Shaosong , Zhang Fan , Ji Xu , Fu Yuanbo , Wang Yizhan , Sun Jingqing , Yuan Fang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a common clinical chronic degenerative disease associated with high morbidity and long-term disability. Previous studies have confirmed the efficacy of acupuncture on knee osteoarthritis. Fire needle acupuncture is a combination of heat and acupuncture, which may be more effective than the commonly used filiform needle acupuncture. This study is designed as a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fire needle acupuncture compared to filiform needle acupuncture in knee osteoarthritis patients.Methods and analysis: This is a prospective randomized controlled superiority clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fire needle acupuncture compared to filiform needle acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis. A total of 100 participants will be randomly assigned to two different groups. Participants will receive fire-needle acupuncture treatment in the fire needle group, while participants in the filiform needle group will be treated with a filiform needle at the same acupuncture points as the fire needle group. All participants will receive a 6-weeks of treatment (2 times per week). The primary outcome is the change of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and the secondary outcomes include the change of the Visual Analogue Scale, and 12-item Short Form Health Survey from baseline to endpoint. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval of this study was granted by the Research Ethical Committee of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University (2018SB-066). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Outcomes of the trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration: The trial is registered on Dec. 20, 2018, and the registration number is ChiCTR1800019579.
Increased Vδ1γδT cells&nbsp;Predominantly Contributed to IL-17 Production in the Development&nbsp;of Adult Human Post-infectious Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: dong liwei , sun xiaoning , ma zhichao , fu jiao , liu fujin , huang baili , liang dongchun , sun deming , lan cheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: γδT cells play an important role in the mucosa inflammation and immunity-associated disorders. Our previous study reported that γδT cells producing IL-17 were involved in the pathogenesis of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS). However, their subset characteristic profile in this kind of disease remains unclear. Thus the current study’s aim is to investigate the functionally predominant subset and its role in PI-IBS. Methods: The total T cells were collected from the peripheral blood of patients with PI-IBS. The peripheral proportion of Vδ1 and Vδ2 subset was detected by FACS after stained with anti δ1-PE and anti δ2-APC. The local colonic proportion of this two subsets were measured under laser confocal fluorescence microscope. Vδ1 γδ T cells were enriched from the total peripheral T cells by minoantibody-immuno-microbeads (MACS) method. and cultured, functionally evaluated by CCK-8 assay (proliferation)，CD69/CD62L molecules expression assay (activation) and ELISA (IL-17 production) respectively.Results: 1. Vδ1 γδ T cells significantly increased while Vδ2 γδ T cells remained unchanged in both the peripheral blood and local colonic tissue from PI-IBS patients (P<0.05). 2. When cultured in vitro, the Vδ1 γδ T cells remarkably proliferated, activated and produced IL-17 (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that Vδ1 γδ T cells was the predominant γδ T cells subset in both peripheral and intestinal tissue, and was the major IL-17 producing γδ T cells in PI-IBS.