bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio Can Be a Prognostic Factor in Arthroscopic Repair of Small to Large Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Sun Yaying , Lin Jinrong , Luo Zhiwen , Chen Jiwu 
Published: September 2020

Background: Complete arthroscopic repair can treat small to large rotator cuff tears (RCTs) with good outcomes; however, the repair might be compromised by inflammation. Purpose: To investigate the prognostic value of preoperative lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR), a marker of systemic inflammation before surgery, in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Between January 2014 and January 2016, primary small to large RCTs without stiffness, significant muscle fatty infiltration, or atrophy were completely repaired in 110 consecutive patients and followed. Preoperative LMR was obtained from blood routinely examined 1 day before surgery. Descriptive data and pre- and intraoperative variables were collected. Correlation analysis and multivariable linear regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between preoperative LMR and recovery including American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Constant-Murley score, Fudan University Shoulder Score (FUSS), visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain, and range of motion (ROM). Poor recovery was defined as ASES score <80, shoulder stiffness as external rotation ≤20°, and pain as VAS score >3. The predictive value of preoperative LMR was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: A total of 99 patients (101 shoulders) were followed for 2.88 ± 0.43 years. Overall, mean ASES, Constant-Murley, FUSS, and VAS scores were significantly improved at the final follow-up; however, 27 cases had either ASES <80, shoulder stiffness, pain, or a combination of these. Correlation analysis and multivariable linear analysis showed that preoperative LMR was the only factor independently associated with functional recovery, pain, and ROM. Patients with poor recovery had lower preoperative LMR than those with good recovery. Based on the ROC curve, the cutoff value of preoperative LMR was 4.760. Patients with preoperative LMR <4.760 had significantly inferior clinical outcomes compared with their counterparts. The corresponding specificity was 0.542, and sensitivity was 0.779. Conclusion: Arthroscopic repair for small to large RCTs yielded good outcomes; however, some patients still had inferior functional scores, shoulder stiffness, or pain, which correlated with the level of preoperative systemic inflammation. As a marker of systemic inflammation, preoperative LMR could be prognostic for rotator cuff repair.
The Journal of Emerging Market Finance: A Bibliometric Overview (2002–2019)
Authors: Kumar Satish , Madhavan Vinodh , Sureka Riya 
Published: September 2020

This study provides a comprehensive overview of the prominent trends and thematic structure of the Journal of Emerging Market Finance ( JEMF). The article uses bibliometric methodology and in doing so, considers measures such as, but not limited to, h-index, annual publications and citation structure, total citations, citation per publication ratio, most productive authors, institutions and countries, and keyword analysis. The thematic structure of the journal is identified using bibliometric coupling analysis of JEMF articles. Findings suggest that there is an increasing trend in JEMF’s count of publication and citation per year. Researchers from India, UK and the USA are frequent contributors to the journal. Issues mostly addressed in the journal include bank penetration, stock price volatility, calendar anomalies, credit default swaps, market efficiency, asset pricing models, and enterprise risk management. This study will be useful for the readers to gain a quick snapshot of the leading trends of the journal and its recent areas of interest. Finally, the study’s findings would aid the editorial team in taking stock of the journal, its past trajectory, and the road ahead, keeping in view contemporary developments in financial markets in general and emerging markets in particular. JEL Codes: G01, G10, G20
‘I just rolled up my sleeves’: Mothers’ perspectives on raising girls on the autism spectrum
Authors: Fowler Karen , O’Connor Cliodhna 
Published: September 2020

Little previous research has elucidated the everyday experiences of autistic girls or their families. This study used qualitative in-depth interviews to explore mothers’ experiences of the diagnosis, presentation and impact of caring for a daughter with autism. Nineteen women with autistic daughters (aged between 7 and 18) participated in the research, which took place in Ireland. Thematic analysis identified six themes: What’s Going On?; Road to Acceptance; Beyond the Stigma of Autism; Autism: Like a Girl; Mothers Holding It All Together; and Mothers Roll Up Their Sleeves. The analysis suggests that the path of autism in girls in Ireland is marked by diagnostic delays, social stigma, interpersonal difficulties, mental health comorbidities and parental stress. However, these challenges were offset by the resilience of mothers, buttressed by pride in their daughters and support from other women. Results will inform the development of policy and practice that is sensitive to the lived realities of autistic girls and their families. Lay abstract Autism in boys has been well researched but very little is known about the everyday experiences of autistic girls or their families. Mothers’ views and insights can be very helpful in increasing knowledge around the unique demands of raising a daughter with autism. This study conducted interviews with Irish mothers to examine their own experiences regarding (a) getting an autism diagnosis for their daughter, (b) their daughters’ personal characteristics and (c) the impact of caring for a daughter with autism. The study suggests that the route to an autism diagnosis for girls in Ireland is made more difficult by delays and missed diagnoses, and often followed by inadequate supports. Mothers described autistic girls as presenting with social challenges and mental health difficulties. Many mothers experienced judgement from other parents and family members, acute stress and mental health struggles. However, these challenges were offset by mothers’ resilience, pride in their daughters and support from other women. The findings of this study highlight the importance of specific support for autistic girls and their families.
Deaths Associated With Community Donation Bins: A Ten-Year Retrospective Review Describing Five Cases in British Columbia and Ontario
Authors: Hickey Tyler Bruce Malcolm , Dmetrichuk Jennifer , Morin Jason , Orde Matthew 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Community donation bins have become more common in the urban setting over the past several years. Many nonprofit organizations use these sturdy metal enclosures for unobserved collection of various donated items such as clothing, books, and household items. Although the donated items are often of low individual value, donation bins may become a target of individuals in low socioeconomic situations seeking desired items for personal use or resale, or for personal shelter within the bin. Methods: To identify donation bin-associated deaths, we reviewed cases taken under the jurisdiction of the coroner for investigation in the provinces of British Columbia and Ontario, Canada, over the years 2009 to 2019. Results: We present the circumstances and postmortem findings of five deaths that occurred in British Columbia and Ontario (Canada) between 2009 and 2019, wherein the decedents were each believed to have been reaching into donation bins and became caught within the door mechanism and died as a consequence of compression asphyxia involving the chest and/or neck. Discussion: Donation bins have the potential for harm when individuals attempt to access the bin contents through the entry portal. We advocate for greater attention and changes in the placement location and/or design of these potentially dangerous devices.
Incident arterial vascular events in a cohort of Puerto Ricans with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: González-Meléndez Ariana , Fred-Jiménez Ruth M , Arroyo-Ávila Mariangelí , Díaz-Correa Leyda , Pérez-Ríos Naydi , Rodríguez Noelia , Ríos Grissel , Vilá Luis M 
Published: September 2020

Objective: The increased morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular events in patients with rheumatoid arthritis has been linked to traditional and nontraditional factors. However, these factors vary among different ethnicities. Few studies have described these features in Hispanic populations. Thus, we determined the clinical correlates of arterial vascular events in Hispanics from Puerto Rico. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in a cohort of 405 Puerto Ricans with rheumatoid arthritis. Demographic parameters, health-related behaviors, clinical manifestations, disease activity (per Disease Activity Score 28), functional status (per Health Assessment Questionnaire), comorbidities, and pharmacotherapy were compared in patients with and without incident arterial vascular events. The latter was defined as the occurrence of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, vascular procedures for coronary artery disease, stroke, or peripheral artery disease. Study groups were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of the total study population, 87.2% were woman. The mean age at study visit was 56.1 ± 13.9 years, and the mean disease duration was 15.0 ± 13.2 years. Arterial vascular events occurred in 43 patients (10.6%). In the multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, extra-articular manifestations, higher Health Assessment Questionnaire score, and number of hospitalizations were associated with arterial cardiovascular events. Conclusion: In this cohort of Puerto Ricans with rheumatoid arthritis, traditional and nontraditional factors, particularly extra-articular manifestations and functional disability, were associated with arterial vascular events. Awareness of these associations may help to implement clinical strategies in this group of rheumatoid arthritis patients at risk of arterial vascular events.
Who Is the Geriatric Trauma Patient? An Analysis of Patient Characteristics, Hospital Quality Measures, and Inpatient Cost
Authors: Konda Sanjit R. , Lott Ariana , Mandel Jessica , Lyon Thomas R. , Robitsek Jonathan , Ganta Abhishek , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was 2-fold: 1) to investigate the age-related frequency, demographics and distribution of the middle-aged and geriatric orthopedic trauma population and 2) to describe the age-related frequency and distribution of hospital quality measure outcomes and inpatient cost. Methods: All patients > 55 years of age who required orthopedic, trauma, or neurosurgery consults at 3 hospitals within an academic medical center from 2014 to 2017 were prospectively followed. On initial evaluation, each patient’s demographics, injury severity, and functional status were collected. Patients were grouped into low and high-energy mechanism cohorts and divided into 5 groups based on age. Hospital quality measures including length of stay, complications, discharge location, and cost of care was compared between age groups. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests. Results: A total of 3965 patients were included in this study of which 3268 (82%) sustained low-energy trauma and 697 (18%) sustained high-energy trauma. With increasing age, more patients had more comorbidities, were less likely to be community ambulators, and more likely to use assistive devices (p < 0.05). Patients in older age groups had longer lengths of stay, more complications, were more likely to need ICU level care, and were less likely to be discharged home (p < 0.05). Rates of mortality were also greater in patients of more advanced age in both low and high-energy cohorts, and the calculated risk triage tool (STTGMA) score increased with each age bracket (p < 0.05). Total cost of care differed between age groups in the low-energy cohort (p = 0.003). Conclusion: This epidemiological study provides a clear picture of the frequency and distribution of demographic, physiologic characteristics, outcomes, and cost of care in a middle-aged and geriatric orthopedic trauma population as evaluated by the STTGMA risk tool. Risk profiling of geriatric trauma patients allows for the establishment of baseline norms.
Surgical Tracheostomies in COVID‐19 Patients: Indications, Technique, and Results in a Second‐Level Spanish Hospital
Authors: Zuazua‐Gonzalez Alejandro , Collazo‐Lorduy Teresa , Coello‐Casariego Guadalupe , Collazo‐Lorduy Ana , Leon‐Soriano Elena , Torralba‐Moron Angel , Onrubia‐Parra Tomas , Gomez‐Martin‐Zarco Jose‐M , Echarri‐SanMartin Rosa , Ripolles‐Melchor Javier , Martinez‐De‐la‐Gandara Amalia , Domingo‐Carrasco Carlos 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveThe main purpose of this work is to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of intensive care unit (ICU) patients in a second‐level hospital in Madrid, Spain, focusing in those who underwent surgical tracheostomy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. The surgical technique and associated complications are also detailed.Study DesignObservational and historical cohort.SettingSingle center.MethodsEighty‐three intubated COVID‐19 patients were analyzed. Thirty bedside surgical tracheostomies had been performed following our safety protocol.ResultsData from 83 patients admitted to the ICU in Infanta Leonor University Hospital were collected; 74.7% were male. The average age was 59.7 years. The main comorbidities found were hypertension in 51.8%, diabetes mellitus in 25.3%, asthma in 7.2%, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 3.6%. A surgical tracheostomy was carried out in 36.1% of patients who needed a prolonged intubation. The most frequent complication of the surgical procedure, bleeding, occurred in 30%, but the majority were mild and ceased with compression only. The most relevant complication was local infection, which occurred in 26.7% of patients. There were statistically significant differences in the time from the beginning of mechanical ventilation until weaning between tracheostomized and nontracheostomized patients. The mortality rate of patients who underwent tracheostomy was 56.7%. Despite severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 being highly contagious and tracheostomy being considered a high‐risk procedure, our rate of infected ear, nose, and throat specialists was only 11.8%.ConclusionIn our experience, bedside surgical tracheostomy is a safe procedure in COVID‐19 patients when safety protocols are followed.
Genetic inhibition of NFATC2 attenuates asparaginase hypersensitivity in mice
Authors: Rathod Sanjay , Ramsey Manda , Finkelman Fred D. , Fernandez Christian A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe family of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription factors plays a critical role in mediating immune responses. Our previous clinical pharmacogenetic studies suggested that NFATC2 is associated with the risk of hypersensitivity reactions to the chemotherapeutic agent L-asparaginase (ASNase) that worsen outcomes during the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We therefore hypothesized that the genetic inhibition of NFATC2 would protect against the development of anti-ASNase antibodies and ASNase hypersensitivity. Our study demonstrates that ASNase-immunized NFATC2-deficient mice are protected against ASNase hypersensitivity and develop lower antigen-specific and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels compared with wild-type (WT) controls. Furthermore, ASNase-immunized NFATC2-deficient mice develop more CD4+ regulatory T cells, fewer CD4+ interleukin-4–positive (IL-4+) cells, higher IL-10/TGF-β1 levels, and lower IL-4/IL-13 levels relative to WT mice. Basophils and peritoneal mast cells from ASNase-immunized, but not naïve, NFATC2-deficient mice had lower FcεRI expression and decreased IgE-mediated mast cell activation than WT mice. Furthermore, ASNase-immunized, but not naïve, NFATC2-deficient mice developed less severe shock than WT mice after induction of passive anaphylaxis or direct histamine administration. Thus, inhibition of NFATC2 protects against ASNase hypersensitivity by impairing T helper 2 responses, which may provide a novel strategy for attenuating hypersensitivity and the development of antidrug antibodies, including to ASNase.
Marker Assisted Development and Characterization of Herbicide Tolerant Near Isogenic Lines of a Mega Basmati Rice Variety, “Pusa Basmati 1121”
Authors: Grover Nitasha , Kumar Aruna , Yadav Ashutosh Kumar , Gopala Krishnan S. , Ellur Ranjith Kumar , Bhowmick Prolay Kumar , Vinod K. K. , Bollinedi Haritha , Nagarajan M. , Viswanathan C. , Sevanthi Amitha Mithra V. , Singh Nagendra Kumar , Mohapatra Trilochan , Singh Ashok Kumar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Direct-seeded rice (DSR) is a potential technology for sustainable rice farming as it saves water and labor. However, higher incidence of weed under DSR limits productivity. Therefore, there is a need to develop herbicide tolerant (HT) rice varieties.

Results
We used marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB) to transfer a mutant allele of Acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) gene, which confers tolerance to imidazolinone group of herbicides from the donor parent (DP) “Robin” into the genetic background of an elite popular Basmati rice variety, Pusa Basmati 1121 (PB 1121). Foreground selection was done using the AHAS gene linked Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker RM6844 and background selection was performed using 112 genome-wide SSR markers polymorphic between PB 1121 and Robin. Phenotypic selection for agronomic, Basmati grain and cooking quality traits in each generation was carried out to improve the recovery of recurrent parent phenome (RPP). Finally, a set of 12 BC4F4 near isogenic lines (NILs), with recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery ranging from 98.66 to 99.55% were developed and evaluated. PB 1121-HT NILs namely 1979-14-7-33-99-10, 1979-14-7-33-99-15 and 1979-14-7-33-99-66 were found superior to PB 1121 in yield with comparable grain and cooking quality traits and herbicide tolerance similar to Robin.

Conclusion
Overall, the present study reports successful development of HT NILs in the genetic background of popular Basmati rice variety, PB 1121 by introgression of mutated AHAS allele. This is the first report on the development of HT Basmati rice. Superior NILs are being evaluated in the national Basmati trials, the release of which is likely to provide a viable option for the adoption of DSR technology in Basmati rice cultivation.
Molecular basis of a new ovine model for human 3M syndrome-2
Authors: Woolley S. A. , Hayes S. E. , Shariflou M. R. , Nicholas F. W. , Willet C. E. , O’Rourke B. A. , Tammen I. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundBrachygnathia, cardiomegaly and renal hypoplasia syndrome (BCRHS,OMIA 001595–9940) is a previously reported recessively inherited disorder in Australian Poll Merino/Merino sheep. Affected lambs are stillborn with various congenital defects as reflected in the name of the disease, as well as short stature, a short and broad cranium, a small thoracic cavity, thin ribs and brachysternum. The BCRHS phenotype shows similarity to certain human short stature syndromes, in particular the human 3M syndrome-2. Here we report the identification of a likely disease-causing variant and propose an ovine model for human 3M syndrome-2.ResultsEight positional candidate genes were identified among the 39 genes in the approximately 1 Mb interval to which the disease was mapped previously. Obscurin like cytoskeletal adaptor 1 (OBSL1) was selected as a strong positional candidate gene based on gene function and the resulting phenotypes observed in humans with mutations in this gene. Whole genome sequencing of an affected lamb (BCRHS3) identified a likely causal variant ENSOARG00000020239:g.220472248delC withinOBSL1. Sanger sequencing of seven affected, six obligate carrier, two phenotypically unaffected animals from the original flock and one unrelated control animal validated the variant. A genotyping assay was developed to genotype 583 animals from the original flock, giving an estimated allele frequency of 5%.ConclusionsThe identification of a likely disease-causing variant resulting in a frameshift (p.(Val573Trpfs*119)) in the OBSL1 protein has enabled improved breeding management of the implicated flock. The opportunity for an ovine model for human 3M syndrome and ensuing therapeutic research is promising given the availability of carrier ram semen for BCRHS.
Targeting Follistatin like 1 ameliorates liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride through TGF-β1-miR29a in mice
Authors: Xu Xin-Yi , Du Yan , Liu Xue , Ren Yilin , Dong Yingying , Xu Hong-Yu , Shi Jin-Song , Jiang Dianhua , Xu Xin , Li Lian , Xu Zheng-Hong , Geng Yan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatic fibrosis is a pathological response of the liver to a variety of chronic stimuli. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major source of myofibroblasts in the liver. Follistatin like 1 (Fstl1) is a secreted glycoprotein induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). However, the precise functions and regulation mechanisms of Fstl1 in liver fibrogenesis remains unclear.

Methods
Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line LX-2 stimulated by TGF-β1, primary culture of mouse HSCs and a model of liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in mice was used to assess the effect of Fstl1 in vitro and in vivo.

Results
Here, we found that Fstl1 was significantly up regulated in human and mouse fibrotic livers, as well as activated HSCs. Haplodeficiency of Fstl1 or blockage of Fstl1 with a neutralizing antibody 22B6 attenuated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in vivo. Fstl1 modulates TGF-β1 classic Samd2 and non-classic JNK signaling pathways. Knockdown of Fstl1 in HSCs significantly ameliorated cell activation, cell migration, chemokines C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8) secretion and extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and also modulated microRNA-29a (miR29a) expression. Furthermore, we identified that Fstl1 was a target gene of miR29a. And TGF-β1 induction of Fstl1 expression was partially through down regulation of miR29a in HSCs.

Conclusions
Our data suggests TGF-β1-miR29a-Fstl1 regulatory circuit plays a key role in regulation the HSC activation and ECM production, and targeting Fstl1 may be a strategy for the treatment of liver fibrosis.

Graphical abstract