bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Replica Molds with High Mechanical Strength for Step-and-Repeat Ultraviolet Nanoimprinting
Authors: Ito Shunya , Nakamura Takahiro , Nakagawa Masaru 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this study we demonstrate that organic radical photopolymerized resins hybridized with inorganic silica nanoparticles improve the mechanical strength of replica mold materials and that organic-inorganic hybridization prolongs mold lifetime independently of mold linewidth during step-and-repeat UV nanoimprinting over 100 cycles. Silica nanoparticles with polymerizable methacryloyl groups (NPMC) were added to 1,10-decanediol dimethacrylate (MC10) and diacrylate (AC10) base monomers to enhance the mechanical properties of the replica molds. Heterogeneous combination of polymerizable groups, such as AC10 and NPMC, maintained a fluidity suitable for molding in UV nanoimprinting, and enabled the preparation of hybrid replica materials with a high inorganic silica content of 56.9 wt% (37.0 vol%). Nanoindentation measurements revealed that the hybrid replica materials with 37.0 vol% silica showed a Young’s modulus of 4.4 GPa. Only the 45-nm-linewidth patterns of AC10-based replica molds without NPMC showed line-collapse defects after imprint cycle tests, while the 45- and 100-nm-linewidth shapes of the hybrid resin materials with NPMC remained intact after 128 step-and-repeat imprint cycles and nanoindentation measurements.
Ergogenic Effect of Nitrate Supplementation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: SENEFELD JONATHON W. , WIGGINS CHAD C. , REGIMBAL RILEY J. , DOMINELLI PAOLO B. , BAKER SARAH E. , JOYNER MICHAEL J. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Although over 100 studies and reviews have examined the ergogenic effects of dietary nitrate (NO3
−) supplementation in young, healthy men and women, it is unclear if participant and environmental factors modulate the well-described ergogenic effects—particularly relevant factors include biological sex, aerobic fitness, and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) during exercise. To address this limitation, the literature was systematically reviewed for randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled studies reporting exercise performance outcome metrics with NO3
− supplementation in young, healthy adults. Of the 2033 articles identified, 80 were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis demonstrated that exercise performance improved with NO3
− supplementation compared with placebo (d = 0.174; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.120–0.229; P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses conducted on biological sex, aerobic fitness, and FiO2 demonstrated that the ergogenic effect of NO3
− supplementation was as follows: 1) not observed in studies with only women (n = 6; d = 0.116; 95% CI, −0.126 to 0.358; P = 0.347), 2) not observed in well-trained endurance athletes (≥65 mL·kg−1·min−1; n = 26; d = 0.021; 95% CI, −0.103 to 0.144; P = 0.745), and 3) not modulated by FiO2 (hypoxia vs normoxia). Together, the meta-analyses demonstrated a clear ergogenic effect of NO3
− supplementation in recreationally active, young, healthy men across different exercise paradigms and NO3
− supplementation parameters; however, the effect size of NO3
− supplementation was objectively small (d = 0.174). NO3
− supplementation has more limited utility as an ergogenic aid in participants with excellent aerobic fitness that have optimized other training parameters. Mechanistic research and studies incorporating a wide variety of subjects (e.g., women) are needed to advance the study of NO3
− supplementation; however, additional descriptive studies of young, healthy men may have limited utility.
Burn Injury Does Not Exacerbate Heat Strain during Exercise while Wearing Body Armor
Authors: FISCHER MADS , CRAMER MATTHEW N. , HUANG MU , BELVAL LUKE N. , WATSO JOSEPH C. , CIMINO FRANK A. , CRANDALL CRAIG G. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Although evaporative heat loss capacity is reduced in burn-injured individuals with extensive skin grafts, the thermoregulatory strain due to a prior burn injury during exercise-heat stress may be negligible if the burn is located underneath protective clothing with low vapor permeability.

Purpose
This study aimed to test the hypothesis that heat strain during exercise in a hot–dry environment while wearing protective clothing would be similar with and without a simulated torso burn injury.

Methods
Ten healthy individuals (8 men/2 women) underwent three trials wearing: uniform (combat uniform, tactical vest, and replica torso armor plates), uniform with a 20% total body surface area simulated torso burn (uniform + burn), or shorts (and sports bra) only (control). Exercise consisted of treadmill walking (5.3 km·h−1; 3.7% ± 0.9% grade) for 60 min at a target heat production of 6.0 W·kg−1 in 40.0°C ± 0.1°C and 20.0% ± 0.6% relative humidity conditions. Measurements included rectal temperature, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and thermal sensation.

Results
No differences in rectal temperature (P ≥ 0.85), heart rate (P ≥ 0.99), thermal sensation (P ≥ 0.73), or RPE (P ≥ 0.13) occurred between uniform + burn and uniform trials. In the control trial, however, core temperature, heart rate, thermal sensation, and RPE were lower compared with the uniform and uniform + burn trials (P ≤ 0.04 for all).

Conclusions
A 20% total body surface area simulated torso burn injury does not further exacerbate heat strain when wearing a combat uniform. These findings suggest that the physiological strain associated with torso burn injuries is not different from noninjured individuals when wearing protective clothing during an acute exercise-heat stress.
Independent Influence of Skin Temperature on Whole-Body Sweat Rate
Authors: HOSPERS LILY , CHEUVRONT SAMUEL N. , KENEFICK ROBERT W. , JAY OLLIE 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTPurposeIt is often assumed that a person with a higher mean skin temperature (Tsk) will sweat more during exercise. However, it has not yet been demonstrated whetherTskdescribes any individual variability in whole-body sweat rate (WBSR) independently of the evaporative requirement for heat balance (Ereq).MethodsOne hundred forty bouts of 2-h treadmill walking completed by a pool of 21 participants (23 ± 4 yr, 174 ± 8 cm, 76 ± 11 kg, 1.9 ± 0.2 m2) under up to nine conditions were analyzed. Trials employed varying rates of metabolic heat production (Hprod; 197–813 W), and environmental conditions (15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C; all 50% relative humidity), yielding a wide range ofEreq(86–684 W) andTskvalues (26.9°C–34.4°C).ResultsThe individual variation observed in WBSR was best described usingEreq(in watts;R2= 0.784) as a sole descriptor, relative toEreq(in watts per meter squared;R2= 0.735),Hprod(in watts;R2= 0.639),Hprod(in watts per meter squared;R2= 0.584), ambient air temperature (Ta) (R2= 0.263), andTsk(R2= 0.077; all,P< 0.001). A multiple stepwise linear regression included onlyEreq(in watts; adjustedR2= 0.784), withTsknot significantly correlating with the residual variance (P= 0.285), independently ofEreq(in watts).Hprod(in watts) had similar predictive strength toEreq(in watts) at a fixed air temperature, explaining only 5.2% at 30°C, 4.9% at 25°C, 2.7% at 20°C, and 0.5% at 15°C (all,P< 0.001) less variance in WBSR compared withEreq. However, when data from all ambient temperatures were pooled,Hprodalone was a markedly worse predictor of WBSR thanEreq(R2= 0.639 vs 0.784;P< 0.001).ConclusionsEreq(in watts) explained approximately four-fifths of the individual variation in WBSR over a range of ambient temperatures and exercise intensities, whereasTskdid not explain any residual variance independently ofEreq.
Report of a unique case of gemcitabine-induced radiation recall myelitis following spinal cord irradiation
Authors: Masson Ingrid , Supiot Stéphane , Doutriaux-Dumoulin Isabelle , Thillays François 
Published: April 2020

Radiation recall is a rare phenomenon, defined as an acute inflammatory reaction in a previously irradiated area, after administration of anti-tumor agents, including chemotherapy. It is most commonly reported to trigger skin reactions but internal organ involvement is possible, particularly with gemcitabine. We report here a unique case of a gemcitabine-induced radiation recall myelitis following spinal irradiation. A 53-year-old patient received analgesic irradiation of the seventh thoracic vertebra (T7) in the context of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, at conventional radiotherapy dose and fractionation. She was subsequently treated with gemcitabine and developed myelitis whose chronology is compatible with a radiation recall reaction. Spinal MRI confirmed a T6–T7 spinal cord enhancement, with an associated spinal cord oedema. Corticosteroids and supportive care did not improve myelitis symptoms. The patient died within a year of the radiation recall, due to a metastatic progression of lung cancer. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported case of gemcitabine-induced radiation recall myelitis and only the third case involving the spinal cord. Radiation recall is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon and all cases should be reported.
Efetividade e toxicidade da cloroquina e da hidroxicloroquina associada (ou não) à azitromicina para tratamento da COVID-19. O que sabemos até o momento?
Authors: Menezes Carolline Rodrigues , Sanches Cristina , Chequer Farah Maria Drumond 
Published: April 2020

Objetivos: identificar as evidências científicas existentes até o presente momento sobre a efetividade do uso da cloroquina, da hidroxicloroquina associada (ou não) à azitromicina para tratamento da afecção pelo coronavírus e seus possíveis efeitos adversos e tóxicos aos seres humanos. Métodos: a revisão narrativa utilizou-se das bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, SciElo e Google Acadêmico. Nessas, buscaram-se estudos, utilizando-se dos descritores “covid”, “coronavirus”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “chloroquine”, “hydroxychloroquine”, “azithromycin” e “adverse effects” junto com os operadores booleanos “AND” e “OR”. Resultados: sete artigos, das trinta publicações encontradas, atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, sendo utilizados para compor a presente revisão. Dos sete ensaios clínicos analisados, cinco apresentaram resultados de cura e/ou remissão dos sintomas e/ou redução da carga viral dos pacientes, no entanto apresentaram muitas limitações. Conclusão: a literatura científica é escassa e divergente quanto à efetividade dos medicamentos cloroquina e hidroxicloroquina associada (ou não) à azitromicina no tratamento da COVID-19, pela rápida disseminação e instalação da pandemia na esfera global. É necessário a realização de ensaios clínicos pragmáticos, envolvendo um número maior de pacientes, para que seja possível analisar a efetividade no combate ao coronavírus, bem como a segurança do uso desses fármacos.
Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Pancreatic Pseudocyst drainage experience at a tertiary care unit
Authors: Kazim Erum , Taj Muhammad Ali , Zulfikar Imrana , Azeem Jawad 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To evaluate the clinical success, technical success and complications related to Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided Pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC) drainage.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on the patients with symptomatic PPC who presented over a period of three years, between January 2015 and September 2018, at Endoscopic Suite of Surgical Unit 4, Civil Hospital, Karachi. Record was analyzed for demographic data, indications for the procedure, complications and success related to EUS guided drainage. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS Version 22.
Results: Total number of patients was 71. Mean age was 37.20 ± 17.27 years with a range of 6 to 68 years. Complications occurred in 12 (8.52%) patients, including stent migration (5/12), bleeding (4/12), infection (1/12), intra-abdominal abscess (1/12) and perforation (1/12). Technical success was achieved in 100% and clinical success in 97.1%. There was no procedure-related mortality.
Conclusion: Pancreatic pseudocyst (PPC) is a known complication of acute as well as chronic pancreatitis which can have dreaded and appalling effects. In this part of the world with limited and scarce resources, EUS guided drainage of PPC is most feasible and rational with minimal complications, thus making it a front runner procedure.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1442
How to cite this:Kazim E, Taj MA, Zulfikar I, Azeem J. Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Pancreatic Pseudocyst drainage experience at a tertiary care unit. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):637-641. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1442
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CALIBRA: A national research infrastructure for accelerator-based research and applications
Authors: Harissopulos S. , Lagoyannis A. , Axiotis M. , Stamatelatos I. 
Published: April 2020

CALIBRA stands for Cluster of Accelerator Laboratories for Ion-Beam Research and Applications, i.e., the Research Infrastructure proposed in 2014 to the General Secretariat for Research and Technology (GSRT) in response to the call for the establishment of the Greek National Roadmap for Research Infrastructures (RI). CALIBRA is planned to be completed in phases with the first one being implemented through the homonym project that is funded by the currently running Partnership Agreement for the Development Framework (ΕΣΠΑ 2014-2020). The CALIBRA project aims at establishing and operating an accelerator-based research infrastructure open to the national and the European scientific community to conduct research at excellence level, develop innovative applications of increased socioeconomic impact, and provide highly-specialized services, unique at the country level, to the public and private sector. CALIBRA is implemented at the Tandem Accelerator Laboratory of NCSR “Demokritos”. The project had its kickoff meeting in November 2017.
Shell model calculations in the A ~ 100 mass region
Authors: Divari P. , Skouras L. D. 
Published: April 2020

The properties of nuclei with 39≤Ζ≤47 and Ν=51-52 are investigated in large scale shell-model calculations. The doubly closed nucleus 100Sn is selected as the reference state and the nuclei under examination are described in terms of proton holes and one up two neutrons outside the inert core. The proton holes are distributed in a model space consisting of the orbitals g9/2, p1/2, p3/2 while f5/2 is sometimes also considerd. Similary the model space for the neutron particles in­ cludes the orbitals g7/2, d5/2, d3/2, s1/2 and in certain cases h11/2. The effective two-body interaction and the matrix elements of the effective operators were deter­ mined by introducing second-order corrections to the Sussex matrix elements. The single proton holes as well as the single-neutron energies were treated as parameters which were determined by least-squares fit to the observed levels of 39≤Ζ≤47, Ν=50 and Ν=51 respectively. The results of the calculation were found to be in satisfactory agreement with experimental data and this enable us to make predictions about the properties of some exotic nuclei in the vicinity of 100Sn.
Variational procedure leading from Davidson potentials to the E(5)and X(5) critical point symmetries
Authors: Bonatsos Dennis , Lenis D. , Minkov N. , Petrellis D. , Raychev P. P. , Terziev P. A. 
Published: April 2020

Davidson potentials of the form β^2 + β0^4/β^2, when used in the original Bohr Hamiltonian for γ-independent potentials bridge the U(5) and 0(6) symmetries. Using a variational procedure, we determine for each value of angular momentum L the value of β0 at which the derivative of the energy ratio RL = E(L)/E(2) with respect to β0 has a sharp maximum, the collection of RL values at these points forming a band which practically coincides with the ground state band of the E(5) model, corresponding to the critical point in the shape phase transition from U(5) to Ο(6). The same potentials, when used in the Bohr Hamiltonian after separating variables as in the X(5) model, bridge the U(5) and SU(3) symmetries, the same variational procedure leading to a band which practically coincides with the ground state band of the X(5) model, corresponding to the critical point of the U(5) to SU(3) shape phase transition. A new derivation of the Holmberg-Lipas formula for nuclear energy spectra is obtained as a by-product.
The Neutron Facility at NCSR "Demokritos"- Implementation in the Case of the 232Th(n,2n) and 241Am(n,2n) Reactions
Authors: Vlastou R. , Papadopoulos C. T. , Perdikakis G. , Kokkoris M. , Kossionides S. , Karamanis D. , Assimakopoulos P. A. 
Published: April 2020

In the 5.5 MV tandem T11/25 Accelerator Laboratory of NCSR "Demokritos" monoenergetic neutron beams can be produced in the energy ranges 120-650 keV, 4-11.5 MeV and 16-20.5 MeV by using the 7Li(p,n), 2H(d,n) and 3H(d,n) reactions, respectively. The corresponding beam energies and ions delivered by the accelerator, are 1.92-2.37 MeV protons, 0.8-9.6 MeV deuterons and 0.8-3.7 MeV deuterons, for the three reactions, respectively. Experimental results for neutron energies from threshold up to 11.5 MeV and at 17.1 MeV will be given for the 232Th(n,2n)231Th reaction, while for the 241 Am(n,2n)240 Am reaction, preliminary cross section data at 10.4, 10.6 and 17.1 MeV will be discussed. In the framework of the CERN n-TOF collaboration, the cross section of these reactions have been measured relative to the 197Au(n,2n)196Au, 27Al(n,a)24Na and 93Nb(n,2n) reaction cross sections, by using the activation method. In addition to the experimental work, theoretical Statistical model calculations are being carried out using the computer code STAPRE/F. The results are compared to the experimental data.
On the Possible Stability of Tetraneutron and Hexaneutron
Authors: Anagnostatos G. S. 
Published: April 2020

A specific cluster approach, in the framework of the Isomorphic Shell Model, is employed to examine the possible stability of 2n, 4n, and 6n. According to this study 2n is definitely unstable, while 4n and 6n could be stable or, at least, exhibit a low-lying resonance. Better knowledge of the strength of the neutron-neutron force is highly desirable.
Isomeric Cross Section Study of Neutron Induced Reactions on Ge Isotopes
Authors: Vlastou R. , Kalamara A. , Gkatis G. , Stamatopoulos A. , Chasapoglou S. , Kokkoris M. , Axiotis M. , Lagoyannis A. , Stamatelatos I. E. 
Published: April 2020

In the present work, natural Ge targets have been irradiated by neutron beams of 17.7 and 19.3 MeV, at the 5MV tandem accelerator of NCSR "Demokritos". The cross section of the 72,74Ge(n,α)69,71Zn and 76Ge(n,2n)75Ge reactions, leading to the population of isomeric states, has been deduced with respect to the 27Al(n,α)24Na and 93Nb(n,2n)92mNb reference reactions. After the neutron irradiations, the induced γ-ray activity of the Ge target and reference foils, was measured with high-resolution HPGe detectors.
Gene editing in dermatology: Harnessing CRISPR for the treatment of cutaneous disease
Authors: Baker Catherine , Hayden Matthew S. 
Published: April 2020

The discovery of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) system has revolutionized gene editing research. Through the repurposing of programmable RNA-guided CRISPR-associated (Cas) nucleases, CRISPR-based genome editing systems allow for the precise modification of specific sites in the human genome and inspire novel approaches for the study and treatment of inherited and acquired human diseases. Here, we review how CRISPR technologies have stimulated key advances in dermatologic research. We discuss the role of CRISPR in genome editing for cutaneous disease and highlight studies on the use of CRISPR-Cas technologies for genodermatoses, cutaneous viruses and bacteria, and melanoma. Additionally, we examine key limitations of current CRISPR technologies, including the challenges these limitations pose for the widespread therapeutic application of CRISPR-based therapeutics.
Queensland Cardiovascular Data Linkage (QCard): A population-based cohort study
Authors: Byrnes Joshua , Nghiem Son , Afoakwah Clifford , Scuffham Paul A. 
Published: April 2020

Queensland is Australia's hotspot for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Critically, beyond modifiable lifestyle risk factors; socio-demographic differences and environmental factors account for significant variations in healthcare use and outcomes among cardiac patients across the country. To better understand the impacts of these factors on the health of cardiac patients, there is a need for a comprehensive and robust longitudinal cohort study that can unpack the underlying dynamics. This paper describes the protocol for the Queensland Cardiovascular Linkage (QCard) Study. The QCard is a longitudinal linkage cohort study of cardiac patients who were first hospitalised with any cardiac condition in 2010, with follow up hospitalisations until December 2015. The primary aim of the QCard is to identify and characterise the nature and impact of socio-demographic inequality among those presenting for the first time with the most common form of CVD in Australia (heart disease) in Queensland from 2010 with minimum 5-years follow-up of subsequent healthcare utilisation and outcomes. A secondary aim is to undertake an exploration of the impact of environmental and specific health service factors on healthcare use and survival time in the same QCard cohort. Administrative public and private hospital inpatient, outpatient and emergency department data for all of Queensland will be linked with individual primary care data and pharmaceutical data. These data will also be linked to regional socio-demographic data and environmental data, as well as data that describes the features of each hospital in the region. The findings from the study will provide critical information for cardiac patients, clinicians and health policymakers. Such information ranges from identifying most vulnerable cardiac patients who may require targeted needs to providing estimates for cost-effective ways of evaluating healthcare interventions that seek to improve the health of cardiac patients.