bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Number of Nonmetastatic Lymph Nodes With a Positive Impact on Survival of Stage III Colon Cancer; a Retrospective Observation Study for Right Side and Left Side Colon.
Authors: Kuo Yi-Hung , You Jeng-Fu , Hung Hsin-Yuan , Chin Chih-Chien , Chiang Jy-Ming , Chang Chia-Hao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose was to examine the effect of nonmetastatic lymph nodes number (NLN) on survival in stage III colon cancer. To reduce the interference of acute inflammation, we included patients with stage III colon cancer who had undergone elective surgery and excluded those who had tumor perforation, obstruction, ischemia, or massive tumor bleeding.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 2244 patients with stage III colon cancer between 1995 and 2016 at a single center. The effect of NLN on 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS), 5-year overall survival (OS), and comparison of multivariate factors was assessed according to tumor locations.ResultsThe two optimal cutoff values of NLN for proximal and distal colon, namely 27 and 12, were determined by plotting the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve. Overall, 499 of 891 and 1020 of 1353 patients with right-side and left-side colon cancer, respectively, had high NLN. In right-side colon cancer, patients with high NLN (≥ 27) had superior OS (74.9% vs. 62.7%, P< 0.001) and RFS (75.0% vs. 61.9%, P< 0.001) than did those with low NLN. Moreover, in left-side colon cancer, patients with high NLN (≥12) experienced significantly superior OS (80.8% vs. 68.6%, P< 0.001) and RFS (77.3% vs. 66.2%, P< 0.001) than did those with low NLN. Among the different subgroups of stage III colon cancer, the high NLN group showed significantly superior RFS and OS in stage IIIB (RFS: 77.0% vs. 68.0%, P= 0.001; OS: 78.6% vs. 67.9%, P< 0.001) and IIIC (RFS: 58.2% vs. 44.1%, P= 0.001; OS: 65.7% vs. 51.1%, P< 0.001) colon cancer. However, in stage IIIA colon cancer, high NLN only showed survival benefit in OS (91.5% vs. 89.8%, P= 0.041). Multivariate analyses confirmed that high NLN, high carcinoembryonic antigen (≥ 5ng/mL) level, and stage IIIC status are three independent prognostic factors in both the proximal and distal colon.ConclusionsNLN is a crucial prognostic factor for stage III colon cancer in various tumor locations or in the subgroups of stage III disease. In advanced stage III colon cancer, the importance of NLN and its role in anti-cancer immune response could be highlighted.
Comparison of Short-Term Outcomes Between Transthoracic and Robot-Assisted Transmediastinal Radical Surgery for Esophageal Cancer: A Prospective Study
Authors: Yoshimura Shuntaro , Mori Kazuhiko , Ri Motonari , Aikou PhD Susumu , Yagi Koichi , Yamagata Yukinori , Nishida Masato , Yamashita Hiroharu , Nomura Sachiyo , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe present study aimed to assess the lower invasiveness of robot-assisted transmediastinal radical esophagectomy. We prospectively compared this procedure and the transthoracic esophagectomy in terms of perioperative outcomes, serum cytokine levels, and respiratory function after surgery for esophageal cancer.MethodsPatients who underwent a robot-assisted transmediastinal esophagectomy or transthoracic esophagectomy between April 2015 and March 2017 were included. The perioperative outcomes, preoperative and postoperative serum IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 levels, and respiratory function measured preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively were compared in patients with a robot-assisted transmediastinal esophagectomy and those with a transthoracic esophagectomy.ResultsSixty patients with esophageal cancer were enrolled. The transmediastinal esophagectomy group had a significantly lower incidence of postoperative pneumonia (p = 0.002) and a significantly shorter postoperative hospital stay (p<0.0002). The serum IL-6 levels on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and 7 were significantly lower in the transmediastinal esophagectomy group (p=0.005, 0.0007, 0.022, 0.020, respectively). In the transmediastinal esophagectomy group, the serum IL-8 level was significantly lower immediately after surgery and on postoperative day 1 (p=0.003, 0.001, respectively) while the serum IL-10 level was significantly lower immediately after surgery (p=0.041). The reduction in vital capacity, percent vital capacity, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume at 1.0s six months after surgery was significantly greater in the transthoracic esophagectomy group (p<0.0001 for all four measurements).ConclusionsThis prospective study demonstrated that robot-assisted transmediastinal radical esophagectomy can be a minimally invasive surgical procedure for use in radical surgery for esophageal cancer.Trial registrationsThis trial was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN000017565 14/05/2015). https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000020358
Association between Sleep duration and Incidence of type 2 Diabetes in China
Authors: Liu Hongzhou , Wang Anping , Wen Junping , Mu Yimin , Dou Jingtao , Gu Weijun , Zang Li , Zhang Saichun , Lyu Zhaohui , Chen Gang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: We assess the relationship between night sleep duration and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in China.Methods: We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of type 2 diabetes among 11,539 participants at baseline from the REACTION cohort.Results: Compared to people who sleep for 7-8 h/night, people with a longer sleep duration (≥9 hours/night) had a greater risk of type 2 diabetes (hazard ratio [OR] 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI]1.01–1.61), while shorter sleep (<6 h/night) had no significant difference. When the dataset was stratified based on selected covariates, the association between type 2 diabetes and long sleep duration became more evident among individuals < 65 years of age, male, body mass index<24 or with hypertension or hyperlipidemia, no interaction effects were observed. Furthermore, compared to people persistently sleeping 7–9 h/night, those who persistently slept ≥9 h/night had a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. The optimal sleep duration was 6.3-7.5 h/night.Conclusion: Short or Long sleep duration were associated with a high risk of type 2 diabetes. Persistently long sleep duration increased the risk. The optimal sleep duration was 6.3-7.5 hours/night.
Using Real-world data to Estimate the Changing Trends in the Prevalence and Incidence of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Xiamen of China,2014-2019
Authors: He Weiwei , Xu Qiushi , Han Lili , Wu Ting , Shi Xiulin , Ye Lishan , Yao Guanhua , Li Xuejun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide. Our study aimed to estimate the changing trends in the prevalence and incidence of diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among Xiamen residents and the floating population using real-world data. Method: We used real-world data from the System of Xiamen Citizens Health Information from 2014 to 2019 to estimate the changing trends in prevalence and incidence of diagnosed T2DM. The systems included the diagnosis of diabetes and the prescription of hypoglycemic drugs. Prevalent cases of T2DM were individuals who diagnosed T2DM and/or using hypoglycemic drugs. Incident cases were individuals with diagnosed T2DM and/or using hypoglycemic drugs in 2014 who had not diagnosed and/or no used one in the past. Results: In 2014 and 2019, the prevalence of T2DM in Xiamen was 4.04% and 4.84%, respectively. In 2014 and 2019, the incidence of T2DM in Xiamen was 1.41% and 1.50%, respectively. There was an increase significant in the total of the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Xiamen (0.80% (95% CI 0.76%-0.83%, P <0.001; 0.09% (95% CI 0.07-0.11), P<0.001, respectively). The prevalence and incidence of T2DM in people aged 18-39 increased significantly, while the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in people aged 40-69 reduced significantly. Conclusions: We found that there was an increasingly significant in the total of the prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Xiamen from 2014 to 2019. The prevalence and incidence of T2DM in Xiamen were significantly increased and showed a trend of younger age.
Polarization-Insensitive Dielectric Metamaterials Absorber for Near-Unity UV-Light Trapping in Monolayer Graphene
Authors: Xie Yinong , Liu Xueying , Cai Yijun , Zhu Jinfeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
With the aim of improving UV light trapping capability in monolayer graphene, a metamaterials absorber is proposed, which exhibits the polarization-insensitive feature due to the geometrical symmetry. Through the functional combination of magnetic resonance and UV mirror, the absorption of unpolarized UV light in monolayer graphene can reach 99.5% under normal incidence. The absorption enhancement is induced by the magnetic resonance mode between the dielectric silica nanomesh and the calcium fluoride base layer. The effects of geometric parameters on the absorption spectra are systematically investigated. By optimizing the metamaterials design, two distinct resonant absorption peaks can be excited simultaneously for monolayer graphene. Our work paves the way for applications on high-performance UV metamaterials devices by using two-dimensional materials.
Analysis of Perovskite Oxides Etching Using Argon Inductively Coupled Plasmas for Photonics Applications
Authors: Chen Guanyu , Cheung Eric Jun Hao , Cao Yu , Pan Jisheng , Danner Aaron J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We analyzed the dry etching of perovskite oxides using argon-based inductively coupled plasmas (ICP) for photonics applications. Various chamber conditions and their effects on etching rates have been demonstrated based on Z-cut lithium niobate (LN). The measured results are predictable and repeatable and can be applied to other perovskite oxides, such as X-cut LN and barium titanium oxide (BTO). The surface roughness is better for both etched LN and BTO compared with their as-deposited counterparts as confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Both the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods have been used for surface chemical component comparisons, qualitative and quantitative, and no obvious surface state changes are observed according to the measured results. An optical waveguide fabricated with the optimized argon-based ICP etching was measured to have -3.7 dB/cm loss near 1550 nm wavelength for Z-cut LN, which validates this kind of method for perovskite oxides etching in photonics applications.
A Novel Risk Classification Model Predicts Overall Survival and Locoregional Surgery Benefit in Colorectal Patients with Distant Metastasis at the Initial Diagnosis
Authors: Chen Mo , Li Tian-en , Du Pei-zhun , Pan Junjie , Wang Zheng , Huang Dayu , Wang Xuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: In this research, we aimed to construct a risk classification model to predict overall survival (OS) and locoregional surgery benefit in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with distant metastasis.Methods: We selected a cohort consisting of 12741 CRC patients diagnosed with distant metastasis between 2010 and 2014, from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Patients were randomly assigned into training group and validation group at the ratio of 2:1. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were applied to screen independent prognostic factors. A nomogram was constructed and assessed by the Harrell’s concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots. A novel risk classification model was further established based on the nomogram.Results: Ultimately 12 independent risk factors including race, age, marriage, tumor site, tumor size, grade, T stage, N stage, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, lung metastasis and liver metastasis were identified and adopted in the nomogram. The C-indexes of training and validation groups were 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73-0.81) and 0.75 (95% CI 0.72-0.78), respectively. The risk classification model stratified patients into three risk groups (low-, intermediate- and high-risk) with divergent median OS (low-risk: 36.0 months, 95% CI 34.1-37.9; intermediate-risk: 18.0 months, 95% CI 17.4-18.6; high-risk: 6.0 months, 95% CI 5.3-6.7). Locoregional therapies including surgery and radiotherapy could prognostically benefit patients in the low-risk group (surgery: hazard ratio [HR] 0.59, 95% CI 0.50-0.71; radiotherapy: HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.72-0.98) and intermediate risk group (surgery: HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.54-0.68; radiotherapy: HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.77-0.95), but not in the high-risk group (surgery: HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.82-1.29; radiotherapy: HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.81-1.31). And all risk groups could benefit from systemic therapy (low-risk: HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.58-0.80; intermediate-risk: HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.47-0.54; high-risk: HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.40-0.53).Conclusion: A novel risk classification model predicting prognosis and locoregional surgery benefit of CRC patients with distant metastasis was established and validated. This predictive model could be further utilized by physicians and be of great significance for medical practice.
Assemble Flavone of Rhizoma Drynariae Promotes Differentiation of Osteoblasts and Growth of Bone Graft in Induced Membrane Partly by Activating Wnt/β-Catenin Signal Pathway
Authors: Li Shuyuan , zhou Hongliang , Hu Chenghu , Yang Jiabao , Li Yue , Li Zige , Ye Jinfei , Zhou Yuexi , Zhou Qishi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Assemble Flavone of Rhizoma Drynariae (AFRD) is not only the extract of Rhizoma Drynariae, but also the effective component of Qianggu capsule, which is widely used in the treatment of fracture, bone defect, osteoporosis and other orthopedic diseases, and has achieved good results. Purpose of this trial was to explore effects of AFRD on bone graft mineralization and osteoblast differentiation in Masquelet induced membrane in rats.Methods: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 10-12 weeks were randomLy divided into AFRD group (n=10) and control group (n=10). Critical-sized defects model of rats was established with 10 rats in each group. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was implanted into the defect of femur in rats. After the formation of the induced membrane, autogenous bone was implanted into the induced membrane. After 10 weeks of bone grafting, bone tissue in the bone graft area was examined by X-ray, Micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to evaluate the growth of the bone graft. Serums of the two groups of rats were extracted respectively, and these serums were used to culture osteoblasts in vitro. CKK8 method, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Western blot and RT-PCR and other methods were used to evaluate the effects of AFRD on the proliferation of osteoblasts and the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.Results: In vivo experiment showed that the growth and mineralization effect of bone graft in AFRD group was better. In vitro experiment showed that osteoblasts proliferated faster, ALP activity was higher, number of mineralized nodules was more, and expression of proteins related to Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway and osteogenesis were more in AFRD group.Conclusions: AFRD can promote mineralization of bone graft and differentiation of osteoblasts during the bone graft growth period of induced membrane technique, which is related to the activation of Wnt/ β-catenin signal pathway.
Investigating Psychometric Properties of the Arm Activity Measure – Thai Version (ArmA-TH) Sub-Scales Using the Rasch Model
Authors: Buntragulpoontawee Montana , Khunachiva Jeeranan , Euawongyarti Patreeya , Wongpakaran Nahathai , Wongpakaran Tinakon , Kaewma Atcharee , Ashford Stephen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the ArmA-TH measurement properties based on item response theory, using the Rasch model. Methods: Patients with upper limb hemiplegia resulting from cerebrovascular and other brain disorders were asked to completed the ArmA-TH questionnaire. Rasch analysis was performed to test how well the ArmA-TH passive and active function sub-scales fit the Rasch model by investigating unidimensionality, response category functioning, reliability of the person and item, and differential item functioning (DIF) for age, sex and education. Results: Participants had stroke or other acquired brain injury (n=185) and the majority were men 126(68.1%), with a mean age of 55(SD 22). Most patients 91(49.2%) graduated elementary/primary school. For the ArmA-TH passive function scale, all items had acceptable fit statistics. The scale’s unidimensionality, and local independence were supported. The reliability was acceptable. Disordered threshold was found in five items, none was DIF. For the ArmA-TH active function scale, one item was misfitting and three were locally dependent. The reliability was good. DIF was not found. All items had disordered thresholds, and data fitted the Rasch model better after rescoring.Conclusions: Both sub-scales of ArmA-TH fitted the Rasch model, and are valid and reliable. The disordered thresholds should be further investigated.
Long-term Exposure of High Concentration Silver Nanoparticles Induced Toxicity, Fatality, Bioaccumulation, and Histological Alteration in Common Carp Fish (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Kakakhel Mian Adnan , Wu Fasi , Sajjad Wasim , Zhang Qi , Khan Ikram , Ullah Kalim , Wang Wanfu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCurrently, nanotechnology and nanoparticles have been quickly emerged and have gained the attention of scientists due to its massive applications in environmental sectors. However, these environmental applications of silver nanoparticles potentially cause serious effects on terrestrial and aquatic organisms. In the current study, freshwater fish C. carpio were exposed to blood mediated AgNPs for toxicity, mortality, bioaccumulation, and histological alterations. Silver nanoparticles were fabricated using animal blood serum and their toxic effect was studied against common carp fish at different concentrations level (0.03, 0.06, and 0.09 mg/L).ResultsThe findings have revealed a little effect of blood induced silver nanoparticles (B-AgNPs) on fish behavior at the highest concentration (0.09 mg/L). However, bioaccumulation of B-AgNPs was reported in different organs of fish. Maximum bioaccumulation of B-AgNPs was reported in the liver, followed by intestine, gills, and muscles. Furthermore, the findings have showed that the B-AgNPs bioaccumulation led to histopathological alterations including damage structure of gills tissue and caused necrosis. It is summarized that histopathological alteration in gills and intestine mostly occurred at the highest concentration of B-AgNPs (0.09 mg/L). ConclusionThis study provides evidence of the AgNPs influence on aquatic life; however, further systematic studies are crucial to access the effects of AgNPs on aquatic life.
Occurrence of Emerging Contaminants of Plant Origin in River Waters from Vejle, Denmark
Authors: Nanusha Mulatu Yohannes , Krauss Martin , Soerensen Bettina Gro , Schulze Tobias , Strobel Bjarne W. , Brack Werner 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: A large number of chemicals are constantly introduced to surface water from anthropogenic and natural sources. So far, unlike anthropogenic pollutants, naturally occurring compounds are not included in environmental monitoring programs due to limited knowledge on their occurrence and effects in the environment. Since first studies suggest that natural compounds might contribute to mixture risks in aquatic ecosystems and for drinking water production, there is a need to increase empirical evidence on the occurrence of these compounds in aquatic systems. To this end, we performed target screening on 160 toxic secondary plant metabolites (PSMs), prioritized in silico for their likelihood of occurrence, persistence, toxicity and mobility in river waters, using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The samples were collected during rain events from three Danish rivers from an area covered by grassland, forest and agricultural crops. Results: In total, 27 targets belonging to different compound classes such as alkaloids, coumarins and flavonoids were detected, among them 12 compounds, which have not been reported in surface waters before. The most prominent compound class was the group of alkaloids with 41 % of the detected targets, many of them detected in more than 80 % of the samples. Individual compound concentrations were up to several hundred ng/L with the neurotoxic alkaloid coniine from poison hemlock and the flavonoid daidzein reaching highest maximum concentrations. Conclusions: The measured natural toxin concentrations are well within the range of those of synthetic environmental contaminants and need to be considered for the assessment of potential risks on aquatic organisms and drinking water production.
Four Cases of Completion Lobectomy for Locally Relapsed Lung Cancer after Segmentectomy
Authors: Suzuki Shigeki , Asakura Keisuke , Masai Kyohei , Kaseda Kaoru , Hishida Tomoyuki , Asamura Hisao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Although completion lobectomy is the treatment of choice for local recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer after segmentectomy, few cases have been reported. We report four patients who underwent completion lobectomies for staple line recurrence after segmentectomy for stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Case presentation: Three women aged 65, 82, and 81 years underwent completion lower lobectomy after superior segmentectomy of the same lobe for local recurrence of stage I non-small cell lung cancer. A 67-year-old man, who had a tumor recurrence on the staple line after apical segmentectomy with superior mediastinal nodal dissection for stage I non-small cell lung cancer, underwent completion right upper lobectomy. These four patients underwent segmentectomy because of comorbidities or advanced age. Local recurrence was confirmed by computed tomography-guided needle biopsy. The interval between the two operations was 37, 39, 41, and 16 months, respectively. Although minimal hilar adhesion was seen for the three completion lower lobectomies, tight adhesions after apical segmentectomy made completion right upper lobectomy quite difficult to dissect, which led to injury of the superior pulmonary vein. No recurrence was recorded after completion lobectomies for 62, 70, 67, and 72 months, respectively.Conclusions: Although completion lobectomy is one of the most difficult modes of resection, among several completion lobectomies, completion lower lobectomy after superior segmentectomy without superior mediastinal nodal dissection was relatively easy to perform because of fewer hilar adhesions.