bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Measurement Properties and Preferability of Patient-reported Outcome Measures in Pediatric Rheumatology: PROMIS vs CHAQ
Authors: Craig Joshua , Feldman Brian M. , Spiegel Lynn , Dover Saunya 
Published: December 2020

Objective.The Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ), though widely used for assessments in pediatric rheumatology, has drawbacks, including low correlation to disease activity and ceiling effects. We sought to determine if any tools from the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) improve on these shortcomings and/or are preferred by patients.Methods.Patients 5–17 years of age with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) or juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) were recruited from the rheumatology clinics at a Canadian children’s hospital. Participants completed the CHAQ, 3 PROMIS measures (pain interference, mobility, and physical activity), and underwent a standard clinical assessment.Results.Fifty-two patients participated, 25 with JIA and 27 with JDM. None of the PROMIS measures suffered from ceiling effects, whereas the CHAQ Disability Index (DI) and pain visual analog scales both did, with 50% and 20% of patients achieving the best possible scores, respectively. The PROMIS mobility was moderately correlated to the CHAQ-DI (rs –0.60, 95% CI –0.75 to –0.40), and the PROMIS pain interference was strongly correlated to the CHAQ pain score (rs 0.65, 95% CI 0.43–0.80). No measures correlated with disease activity. Patients preferred the PROMIS to the CHAQ.Conclusion.The PROMIS pain interference, mobility, and physical activity measures improve in some areas where the CHAQ is weak: they do not suffer from ceiling effects, and patients prefer the PROMIS tools. More work is needed to determine the correlation and responsiveness of the PROMIS tools to changes in disease activity over time before they should be widely adopted for clinical use.
La démographie historique peut-elle tirer profit des données collaboratives des sites de généalogie ?
Authors: Charpentier Arthur , Gallic Ewen 
Published: December 2020

Les sites qui proposent à leurs utilisateurs de reconstituer en ligne leur arbre généalogique fleurissent sur Internet. Cet article analyse le travail de collecte et de saisie effectué par ces utilisateurs et comment il pourrait être utilisé en démographie historique, afin de compléter la connaissance des générations du passé. Pour cela, les résultats obtenus à partir de la base Geneanet sont confrontés à ceux connus de la littérature, et concernent les enregistrements de 2 457 450 individus français ou d'origine française ayant vécu au xix e siècle. Est ainsi mis en évidence un biais important du rapport de masculinité (sous-représentation des femmes). La fécondité est elle aussi fortement sous-estimée. Quant à la mortalité, (par comparaison aux valeurs historiques), ces données sous-estiment la mortalité des hommes jusqu’à 40 ans environ et celle des femmes jusqu’à 25 ans, puis elles la surestiment. Enfin, la richesse des caractéristiques spatiales contenues dans les arbres généalogiques est également exploitée pour produire de nouvelles données sur les migrations internes au xix e siècle.
Les Lettres nouvelles de Milan de Pierre Gringore : la propagande entre vers et prose
Authors: Delvallée Ellen 
Published: December 2020

Pierre Gringore compose les Lettres Nouvelles de Milan à l’occasion de la capture de Ludovic Sforza en 1500. Le texte se présente comme un bulletin d’information, recueillant trois lettres en prose détaillant les événements, puis des vers reprenant peu ou prou les mêmes informations. Quelles valeurs revêtent prose et vers dans ce texte de propagande ? Tandis que les lettres en prose offrent des témoignages de première main et garantissent une vérité factuelle, les vers fonctionnent comme une amplification encomiastique à la gloire de la couronne de France mais aussi du poète qui cherche un mécène. Par ailleurs, Gringore propose également dans ses vers au style plus ou moins orné une réflexion sur le rôle du poète pour établir une vérité morale et la transmettre à des publics variés.
Tribonien le barbare : Des Autels après Rabelais
Authors: Menini Romain 
Published: December 2020

Rabelais et l’auteur de la Mitistoire barragouyne (certainement Guillaume Des Autels) partagent une même érudition juridique. L’article revient sur leurs sources communes (Budé, Alciat, entre autres) à propos de la figure de Tribonien, juriste byzantin dont la damnatio memoriae était devenue un lieu commun à la Renaissance.
Why Communities Should Be the Focus to Reduce Stigma Attached to COVID-19
Authors: Bologna Lydia , Stamidis Katherine V. , Paige Sarah , Solomon Roma , Bisrat Filimona , Kisanga Anthony , Usman Samuel , Arale Ahmed 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTSince 1999, the CORE Group Polio Project (CGPP) has developed, refined, and deployed effective strategies to mobilize communities to improve vaccine uptake for polio (and other vaccine-preventable diseases such as measles) and conduct surveillance for infectious disease threats in high-risk, border, and hard-to-reach locations. CORE Group Polio Project teams have been called upon to address the COVID-19 pandemic, and, like with polio, the pandemic response is impacted by stigma in all areas of response, from health education, testing, contact tracing, and even treatment for infected individuals. The CGPP has reached back into its polio experience and is redeploying successful community engagement activities to address stigma as part of the COVID-19 response. Across country programs, community health volunteers communicate risk and behavior change at the household level by integrating health education and promotion activities with a focus on practical measures of COVID-19 prevention. Moreover, leveraging established and trusted partnerships with community networks and community leaders are providing lessons that can be adopted by the global community. The CGPP offers three overarching recommendations to curb stigma: 1) facilitating inclusive community engagement, 2) leveraging existing community networks and 3) cocreating with community leaders.
Approach to the Diagnosis of Hepatocutaneous Syndrome in Dogs: A Retrospective Study and Literature Review
Authors: DeMarle Karah Burns , Webster Cynthia R. L. , Penninck Dominique , Ferrer Lluis 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTSuperficial necrolytic dermatitis (SND) is a rare and often fatal disease in dogs that has been associated with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasia (SND/EN) and hepatocutaneous syndrome (SND/HCS). Although various combinations of diagnostics have been used to differentiate these two causes of SND, there are currently no data on which combination would enable the most timely and noninvasive way to diagnose HCS. Medical records were reviewed retrospectively (2004–2018) for dogs with SND/HCS (n = 24) and SND/EN (n = 1). These data were compared with cases found by review of the literature of dogs with SND/HCS (n = 105) and SND/EN (n = 13). The most consistent findings with SND were dermatological lesions affecting paw pads or mucocutaneous junctions (143/143, 100%) and marked plasma hypoaminoacidemia (58/58, 100%). On ultrasound, a honeycomb liver was seen in 62/63 (98%) dogs with SND/HCS but none with SND/EN. Six out of 23 (26%) dogs in the retrospective study with SND/HCS had marked keratinocyte apoptosis, a finding that was associated with diabetes mellitus. This study suggests that in dogs with characteristic skin lesions, an amino acid profile permits a noninvasive diagnosis of SND. An abdominal ultrasound can then assist in the differentiation of SND/HCS and SND/EN.
A homozygous truncating variant in CCDC186 in an individual with epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Brugger Melanie , Becker‐Dettling Fiona , Brunet Theresa , Strom Tim , Meitinger Thomas , Lurz Eberhard , Borggraefe Ingo , Wagner Matias 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCoiled‐Coil Domain Containing Protein 186 (CCDC186) is hypothesized to play an important role in the biogenesis of dense‐core vesicles in neurons and endocrine cells. Biallelic loss‐of‐function variants in the encoding gene CCDC186 have been suggested as a candidate gene for a neurodevelopmental phenotype, but only one patient has been described so far. We report a second patient with a CCDC186‐associated phenotype presenting with developmental delay, epileptic encephalopathy, and failure to thrive. Exome sequencing identified a homozygous loss‐of‐function variant in CCDC186 (NM_018017.2) c.767C> G; p.(Ser256Ter) thus providing further evidence to support CCDC186 as a new disease gene for an autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder.
Modulation of Peptide–Graphene Interfaces via Fatty Acid Conjugation
Authors: Parab Atul D. , Budi Akin , Brljak Nermina , Knecht Marc R. , Walsh Tiffany R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMaterials‐binding peptides have the capability to specifically recognize 2D nanomaterials and their modification via covalent attachment of nonnatural moieties offers exciting under‐explored possibilities to tune and exploit this recognition property. Here, an integrated suite of experimental approaches is used to reveal how conjugation of a fatty‐acid chain modifies surface adsorption of a graphene‐binding peptide, P1, achieved using quartz crystal microbalance measurements to access biomolecule adsorption free energies at the aqueous graphene interface, atomic force microscopy to investigate the overlayer morphologies, and circular dichroism spectroscopy to probe peptide secondary structures in the unadsorbed state. To complement these data, replica‐exchange with solute tempering molecular dynamics simulations predict the conformations of these biomolecules in both the surface‐bound and unbound states. Conjugation of the fatty acid dramatically modifies the surface‐adsorbed conformations. However, these conformational changes do not lead to substantial differences in the graphene binding strengths for each of the biomolecules studied, due to enthalpic/entropic compensation arising from changes to the contributions of peptide/graphene, peptide/fatty acid, and fatty acid/graphene interactions. These findings provide a fundamental basis for guiding future modification of materials‐binding peptides to adapt their binding propensities for applications using 2D nanomaterials.
A rare cause of syndromic short stature: 3M syndrome in three families
Authors: Isik Esra , Arican Duygu , Atik Tahir , Ooi Joo Enn , Darcan Sukran , Ozen Samim , Simsek Kiper Pelin Ozlem , Utine Eda , Cogulu Ozgur , Ozkinay Ferda 
Published: December 2020

Abstract3M syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by severe growth retardation, dysmorphic facial features, skeletal dysplasia, and normal intelligence. Variants in CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 genes have been reported to be responsible for this syndrome. In this study, the clinical and molecular findings of four 3M syndrome cases from three families are presented. All cases had growth retardation, relative macrocephaly, and typical dysmorphic facial features. Their neurological developments were normal. Sequencing of CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 genes revealed two different novel homozygous variants in CUL7 in Families 1 and 3 and a previously reported homozygous pathogenic variant in OBSL1 in Family 2. In conclusion, a comprehensive dysmorphological evaluation should be obtained in individuals presenting with short stature and in such individuals with typical facial and skeletal findings, 3M syndrome should be considered. Our report expands the genotype of 3M syndrome and emphasizes the importance of thorough physical and dysmorphological examination.
Impact of frailty on protocol‐based weaning from mechanical ventilation in patients with sepsis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Matsuda Wataru , Uemura Tatsuki , Yamamoto Makiko , Uemura Yukari , Kimura Akio 
Published: December 2020

AimFrailty has been shown to be associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation (MV). However, due to limited physiological data, it has been unclear how frailty affects weaning from MV in septic patients subjected to a specific weaning protocol.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective cohort study. The study included patients with sepsis on MV who underwent protocol‐based weaning between August 2015 and December 2018. Frailty was defined as a Clinical Frailty Scale score 4 or more. The association between frailty and weaning was evaluated.ResultsNinety‐nine eligible patients were identified and categorized as frail (n = 67) or not frail (n = 32). The duration of MV was significantly longer in the frail group (8 days versus 5 days, P < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, frailty was independently associated with duration of MV (regression coefficient 17.97, 95% confidence interval 1.77–34.17) and successful weaning (hazard ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.36–1.00). There was no significant between‐group difference in duration until the first separation attempt or reintubation rate. Respiratory failure was significantly more common in the frail group as a cause of weaning failure, whereas airway failure was common in both groups.ConclusionFrailty was independently associated with a longer duration of MV in patients with sepsis who underwent protocol‐based weaning. Frail patients were more likely to fail spontaneous breathing trials than nonfrail patients during the weaning process, although the risk after extubation was similar.
Atrial fibrillation and non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy in the peripartum period
Authors: Harper A. , Gerth A. , Marsh C. , Park C. 
Published: December 2020

SummaryA 31‐year‐old primiparous woman with a history of bigeminy as a teenager developed atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response during elective caesarean section. Initial postoperative medical management was undertaken on the maternal high dependency unit and involved the administration of beta‐blockers and digoxin. On postoperative day 1 the patient was transferred to the coronary care unit where she subsequently required synchronised direct current cardioversion to restore sinus rhythm. The patient remained on the coronary care unit for 5 days before discharge. Magnetic resonance imaging undertaken 6 weeks postpartum showed non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy. In this report, we discuss tachycardia‐induced and peripartum cardiomyopathies, along with their potential underlying pathologies, incidence and associated morbidity. We describe potential pharmacological therapies including beta‐blockers and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, as well as the implications of such medications for breastfeeding mothers. Patients presenting with palpitations in the antenatal period should receive prompt investigation including electrocardiography with ambulatory monitoring considered for those with persistent symptoms. Anyone with a proven cardiac arrhythmia should undergo echocardiography. This report illustrates the importance of the investigation of the symptoms of arrhythmia during pregnancy and emphasises the role of multidisciplinary working in the management of obstetric patients with complex medical comorbidity.
In Utero and Early Life Exposure to the Great Chinese Famine and Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Adulthood
Authors: VanEvery Hannah , Yang Wen‐hao , Olsen Nancy , Zhang Xinyuan , Shu Rong , Lu Bing , Wu Shouling , Cui Liufu , Gao Xiang 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate whether early life exposure to the Great Chinese Famine of 1959−1961 is associated with the risk of RA development in adulthood.MethodsThis study included 101,510 participants who were enrolled in the Kailuan Study in 2006. RA cases were confirmed by medical record review. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for RA according to famine exposure status (exposed in utero or between ages 0 and 3 years, between ages 3 and 6 years, or at age 6 years or older), in comparison to participants born after 1961 who were not exposed to famine.ResultsDuring 12 years of follow‐up (2006−2018), we identified 187 RA cases. Individuals exposed to famine in utero or between ages 0 and 3 years had a higher prevalence of RA relative to other groups (0.2−0.35% versus 0.08−0.20%). After adjustment for potential confounders, the OR for RA was 2.95 (95% CI 1.55−5.59) for individuals exposed in utero, 4.53 (95% CI 2.72−7.54) for those exposed between ages 0 and 3 years, 2.55 (95% CI 1.43−4.57) for those exposed between ages 3 and 6 years, and 2.72 (95% CI 1.70−4.36) for those exposed at age 6 years or older versus individuals born after 1961. Similar associations with the risk of RA were observed for men and women when subjects were stratified by sex (P for interaction = 0.89).ConclusionIndividuals exposed to famine in utero or in early childhood (between ages 0 and 3 years) were more likely to develop RA in adulthood, highlighting the importance of early life as a vulnerable developmental period.
Evaluation of sweet sorghum genotypes for bioethanol yield and related traits
Authors: Guden Birgul , Erdurmus Cengiz , Erdal Sekip , Uzun Bulent 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe cultivation of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) for bioethanol production is receiving global attention due to the plant's sugar‐rich stalk juice, which can be fermented directly to ethanol. One of the important steps toward the development of a superior sweet sorghum cultivar is proper assessment of bioethanol‐related traits in different environments. This study was conducted to characterize global sweet sorghum accessions for bioethanol yield and related traits. To do this and to obtain a final cultivar suitable for efficient bioethanol production, two different environments were chosen to select for the characteristics studied. In total, 53 genotypes, which were selected from 551 accessions and nine cultivars, were evaluated in two contrasting environments and two consecutive years (2014–2015). The results revealed wide variability among the genotypes for the traits investigated. In all the growing years and locations, the highest values for the extractable stalk juice yield, bioethanol yield, and juice Brix content were recorded for BSS55 (22 740 L ha−1), BSS46 (1569.6 L ha−1), and BSS67 (15.63 °Bx), respectively. The genotypes that originated from the USA showed some of the highest values for bioethanol yield and related traits. Positive and very high correlations were observed between the bioethanol yield and extractable stalk juice yield (r = 0.861**) and fructose and glucose concentration (r = 0.856**). The knowledge obtained in this investigation about the variation in the bioethanol yield and related traits led to potential genotypes that can be used in sweet sorghum breeding programs for bioenergy production. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Low sodium diet for gastric cancer prevention in the United States: Results of a Markov model
Authors: Kim Judith , Oh Aaron , Truong Han , Laszkowska Monika , Camargo M. Constanza , Abrams Julian , Hur Chin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsHigh sodium consumption has been associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. The mean daily sodium intake in the United States substantially exceeds the national recommended amount. The low sodium‐DASH diet has been shown to decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease in the United States, but its impact on gastric cancer has not been well studied. We therefore aimed to model the impact and cost‐effectiveness of the low sodium‐DASH diet for gastric cancer prevention in the U.S. population.MethodsA Markov cohort state‐transition model was developed to simulate the impact of the low sodium‐DASH diet on gastric cancer outcomes for the average 40‐year‐old in the United States compared to no intervention. Primary outcomes of interest were gastric cancer incidence and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICER).ResultsOur model found that compared to the no intervention cohort, the risk of gastric cancer decreased by 24.8% for males and 21.2% for females on the low sodium‐DASH diet. 27 cases and 14 cases per 10,000 individuals were prevented for males and females, respectively, in the intervention group. The ICER for the low sodium‐DASH diet strategy was $287,726 for males and $423,878 for females compared to the no intervention strategy.ConclusionsUsing a Markov model of gastric cancer risk, we found that adherence to a low sodium‐DASH diet could decrease the risk of gastric cancer. This intervention was not cost‐effective due to the high cost of a low sodium‐DASH accordant diet, but significantly improved for high‐risk populations and when the cost of the diet became slightly more affordable.
The Peculiar Case of the Hyper‐thermostable Pyrimidine Nucleoside Phosphorylase from Thermus thermophilus**
Authors: Kaspar Felix , Neubauer Peter , Kurreck Anke 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe poor solubility of many nucleosides and nucleobases in aqueous solution demands harsh reaction conditions (base, heat, cosolvent) in nucleoside phosphorylase‐catalyzed processes to facilitate substrate loading beyond the low millimolar range. This, in turn, requires enzymes that can withstand these conditions. Herein, we report that the pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase from Thermus thermophilus is active over an exceptionally broad pH (4–10), temperature (up to 100 °C) and cosolvent space (up to 80 % (v/v) nonaqueous medium), and displays tremendous stability under harsh reaction conditions with predicted total turnover numbers of more than 106 for various pyrimidine nucleosides. However, its use as a biocatalyst for preparative applications is critically limited due to its inhibition by nucleobases at low concentrations, which is unprecedented among nonspecific pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylases.
An Economical High‐Throughput “FP‐Tag” Assay for Screening Glycosyltransferase Inhibitors**
Authors: Yin Xinjian , Li Jiaxin , Chen Senhua , Wu Yuping , She Zhigang , Liu Lan , Wang Yue , Gao Zhizeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractO‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is involved in many cellular processes, and selective OGT inhibitors are valuable tools to investigate O‐GlcNAcylation functions, and could potentially lead to therapeutics. However, high‐throughput OGT assays that are suitable for large‐scale HTS and can identify inhibitors targeting both acceptor, donor sites, and allosteric binding‐sites are still lacking. Here, we report the development of a high‐throughput “FP‐Tag” OGT assay with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a low‐cost and superior “FP‐Tag”. With this assay, 2‐methyleurotinone was identified as a low‐micromolar OGT inhibitor. This type of assay with BSA as “FP‐Tag” would find more applications with other glycosyltransferases.
Daten manipulationssicher erfassen
Authors: Brosig Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEin Bildschirmschreiber kann wohl nicht alle Cyber‐Security‐Probleme dieser Welt lösen, aber durch ausgereifte Technik kann er dafür sorgen, dass die Prozesse, die durch ihn überwacht werden, für den Anwender eine „sichere Sache‟ sind.
Combined XPS and DFT investigation of the adsorption modes of methyl enol ether functionalized cyclooctyne on Si(001)
Authors: Glaser Timo , Meinecke Jannick , Länger Christian , Luy Jan‐Niclas , Tonner Ralf , Koert Ulrich , Dürr Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe reaction of methyl enol ether functionalized cyclooctyne on the silicon (001) surface was investigated by means of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT). Three different groups of final states were identified; all of them bind on Si(001) via the strained triple bond of cyclooctyne but they differ in the configuration of the methyl enol ether group. The majority of molecules adsorbs without additional reaction of the enol ether group; the relative contribution of this configuration to the total coverage depends on substrate temperature and coverage. Further configurations include enol ether groups which reacted on the silicon surface either via ether cleavage or enol ether groups which transformed on the surface into a carbonyl group.