bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of Plasma BACE1 Level and BACE1 C786G Gene Polymorphism with Cognitive Functions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Tian Sai , Huang Rong , Guo Dan , Lin Hongyan , Wang Jiaqi , An Ke , Wang Shaohua 
Published: May 2020

Background:
β-Site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a key enzyme involved in the
pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). We
aimed to investigate the potential associations of plasma BACE1 levels and BACE1 gene polymorphism
with different cognitive performances in T2DM patients with MCI.

Methods:
The recruited 186 T2DM subjects were divided into 92 MCI group and 94 healthy-cognition
controls, according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. Sociodemographic characteristics,
clinical parameters and neuropsychological tests were assessed. BACE1 C786G gene polymorphism
and plasma BACE1 level were determined.

Results:
Compared to controls, MCI patients exhibited higher plasma BACE1 levels. Plasma BACE1
levels were negatively associated with MoCA, Clock Drawing Test and Logical Memory Test scores,
whereas positively associated with Trail Making Test-B time in the MCI group (all p<0.05), after adjusting
fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin
resistance by C-peptide. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed a significant trend towards
increased MCI risk with high plasma BACE1 level in T2DM patients (OR = 1.492, p = 0.027). The
plasma BACE1 levels of GG and GC genotypes were obviously higher than that of CC genotype in
T2DM-MCI patients (p = 0.035; p = 0.026, respectively).

Conclusion:
Increased plasma BACE1 levels were associated with poor overall cognition functions,
especially visuospatial abilities, visual/logical memory and executive functions in T2DM-MCI patients.
Additionally, elevated plasma BACE1 level was a risk factor for MCI in T2DM patients, and might be
influenced by BACE1 C786G gene mutations.
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Cardio-protective Effects: An Umbrella Review
Authors: Elnour Asim Ahmed , Al Hajri Noora , El Khidir Israa Yousif , AlAmoodi Abdulla , Ahmed Sahar Asim , Sadeq Adel 
Published: May 2020

Background:We thought to delve deeper into seven meta-analyses of major clinical trials focusing on Glucagon-Like Peptide-One Receptor Agonist (GLP-1 RA) cardioprotective effect.Aim:We explored the role of GLP-1 RA in cardiovascular risk protection as the primary outcome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methodology:The current review has explored and critically appraised seven meta-analyses of placebo- controlled randomized clinical trials (RCT-s) involving GLP-1 RA used in diabetes that has exhibited major cardiovascular events as the primary outcome.Results:Based on the participants-intervention-comparison and outcomes (PICO), the total number of the participants in this review were (138750), the intervention was conducted with GLP-1 RA, the comparator was a placebo and the outcome was major cardiovascular events. The overall evidence for the cardioprotective effect of GLP-1 RA in diabetes was very clear in subjects with the cardiovascular risk of varying degrees. Most of the currently reviewed meta-analyses have not shown cardioprotection with GLP-1 RA in subjects with diabetes exhibiting high cardiovascular risk or medical history of cardiovascular diseases. Patient variability, in addition to potency parameters, will be the key to a successful member of the class. There will be avenues for selection of a candidate based on the suitability to patient preferences and characteristics.Conclusion:The RCT-s for GLP-1 RA should characterize cardiovascular risk in subjects with diabetes such that disparities between established cardiovascular risk (high, moderate and low) or medical history of cardiovascular disease have been accounted for in subgroup analysis.
Patient and Parent Perspectives on Improving Pediatric Asthma Self-Management Through a Mobile Health Intervention: Pilot Study
Authors: Nichols Michelle , Miller Sarah , Treiber Frank , Ruggiero Kenneth , Dawley Erin , Teufel II Ronald 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundAsthma is a common chronic pediatric disease that can negatively impact children and families. Self-management strategies are challenging to adopt but critical for achieving positive outcomes. Mobile health technology may facilitate self-management of pediatric asthma, especially as adolescents mature and assume responsibility for their disease.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the perceptions of youths with high-risk asthma and their caregivers on the use of a smartphone app, Smartphone Asthma Management System, in the prevention and treatment of asthma symptoms, possible use of the app to improve self-management of asthma outside traditional clinical settings, and the impact of asthma on everyday life to identify potential needs for future intervention development.MethodsKey informant interviews were completed with parent-child dyads post participation in an asthma management feasibility intervention study to explore the perceptions of users on a smartphone app designed to monitor symptoms and medication use and offer synchronous and asynchronous provider encounters. A thematic qualitative analysis was conducted inductively through emergent findings and deductively based on the self-determination theory (SDT), identifying 4 major themes.ResultsA total of 19 parent-child dyads completed the postintervention interviews. The major themes identified included autonomy, competence, relatedness, and the impact of asthma on life. The participants also shared their perceptions of the benefits and challenges associated with using the app and in the self-management of asthma. Both children and parents conveyed a preference for using technology to facilitate medication and disease management, and children demonstrated a strong willingness and ability to actively engage in their care.ConclusionsOur study included support for the app and demonstrated the feasibility of enhancing the self-management of asthma by youth in the community. Participant feedback led to intervention refinement and app improvements, and the use of the SDT allowed insight into motivational drivers of behavioral change. The use of mobile apps among high-risk children with asthma and their parents shows promise in improving self-management, medication adherence, and disease awareness and in reducing overall disease morbidity.
Web-Based and mHealth Technologies to Support Self-Management in People Living With Type 2 Diabetes: Validation of the Diabetes Self-Management and Technology Questionnaire (DSMT-Q)
Authors: Kelly Laura , Jenkinson Crispin , Morley David 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundA growing number of web-based and mobile health (mHealth) technologies have been developed to support type 2 diabetes self-management. Little is known about individuals’ experiences with these technologies and how they support self-management. Appropriate tools are needed to understand how web-based and mHealth interventions may impact self-management.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop an instrument, the Diabetes Self-Management and Technology Questionnaire (DSMT-Q), to assess self-management among people living with type 2 diabetes who use web-based and mHealth technologies.MethodsA total of 36 candidate questionnaire items, drafted previously, were refined using cognitive debriefing interviews (n=8), expert consultation, and public patient involvement feedback. Item reduction steps were performed on survey data (n=250), and tests of validity and reliability were subsequently performed.ResultsFollowing amendments, patients and experts found 21 items relevant and acceptable for inclusion in the instrument. Survey participants included 104 (41.6%) women and 146 (58.4%) men. Two subscales with high construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability were identified: “Understanding individual health and making informed decisions” and “Confidence to reach and sustain goals.”ConclusionsAnalyses confirmed good psychometric properties in the DSMT-Q scales. This tool will facilitate the measurement of self-management in people living with type 2 diabetes who use web-based or mHealth technologies.
The Evolution in Value Relevance of Accounting Measures in Indonesia
Authors: Suwardi Eko 
Published: May 2020

This paper utilizes the model of share price, which is derived from the valuation model of residual income, to rigorously assess the evolution of value relevance of accounting measures in Indonesia, an emerging market country which has its landscape of equity valuation changed substantially. Using two different approaches, cross sectional and panel regressions, the results indicates a strong linear association between share price and accounting measures. Cross-sectional yearly price regressions provide a strong evidence of non-linear changes on the value relevance of accounting measures over time. Moreover, using panel data analysis, the results of unconditional comparison tests reveal that that the increased value-relevance of the balance sheet would be offset by a reduction of the value-relevance of earnings per share during IFRS regime. It could potentially contribute to explain the decrease in value relevance of accounting numbers during the switchover to IFRS in Indonesia.
Program Aktif (Aku Positif) untuk Meningkatkan Harga Diri Menjelang Masa Bebas pada Anak Didik di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak (LPKA)
Authors: Fakhrah Fany , Purnamaningsih Esti Hayu 
Published: May 2020

Persepsi masyarakat tentang narapidana memberikan efek yang buruk terhadap persepsi narapidana tentang diri mereka sehingga tahanan anak merasa rendah diri menghadapi penerimaan masyarakat setelah masa hukuman berakhir. Penelitian ini menggunakan Program AKTIF (Aku Positif) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan harga diri remaja yang berhadapan dengan hukum menjelang masa bebas. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji statistik non parametrik Wilcoxon. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 12 orang remaja yang sedang menjalani masa tahanan (usia 16-18 tahun). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan skor self-esteem lebih tinggi U(n=6)=0,027, p<0,05 secara signifikan pada kelompok eksperimen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa program AKTIF (Aku Positif) terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan harga diri pada anak didik di lembaga pemasyarakatan untuk mempersiapkan diri menjelang masa bebas.
Statin Use Is Prospectively Associated With New-Onset Diabetes After Transplantation in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Szili-Torok Tamas , Bakker Stephan J.L. , Tietge Uwe J.F. 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE
New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is frequent and worsens graft and patient outcomes in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). In the general population, statins are diabetogenic. This study investigated whether statins also increase NODAT risk in RTRs.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
From a prospective longitudinal study of 606 RTRs (functioning allograft &gt;1 year, single academic center, follow-up: median 9.6 [range, 6.6–10.2] years), 95 patients using statins were age- and sex-matched to RTRs not on statins (all diabetes-free at inclusion).

RESULTS
NODAT incidence was 7.2% (73.3% of these on statins). In Kaplan-Meier (log-rank test, P = 0.017) and Cox regression analyses (HR 3.86 [95% CI 1.21–12.27]; P = 0.022), statins were prospectively associated with incident NODAT, even independent of several relevant confounders including immunosuppressive medication and biomarkers of glucose homeostasis.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that statin use is prospectively associated with the development of NODAT in RTRs independent of other recognized risk factors.
Resistant Hypertension and Risk of Adverse Events in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Prospective Study
Authors: Lithovius Raija , Harjutsalo Valma , Mutter Stefan , Gordin Daniel , Forsblom Carol , Groop Per-Henrik 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE
To estimate the risk of diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression, incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, and all-cause mortality associated with resistant hypertension (RH) in individuals with type 1 diabetes stratified by stages of DN, renal function, and sex.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This prospective study included a nationally representative cohort of individuals with type 1 diabetes from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study who had purchases of antihypertensive drugs at (±6 months) baseline visit (1995–2008). Individuals (N = 1,103) were divided into three groups: 1) RH, 2) uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) but no RH, and 3) controlled BP. DN progression, cardiovascular events, and deaths were identified from the individuals’ health care records and national registries until 31 December 2015.

RESULTS
At baseline, 18.7% of the participants had RH, while 23.4% had controlled BP. After full adjustments for clinical confounders, RH was associated with increased risk of DN progression (hazard ratio 1.95 [95% CI 1.37, 2.79], P = 0.0002), while no differences were observed in those with no RH (1.05 [0.76, 1.44], P = 0.8) compared with those who had controlled BP. The risk of incident CHD, incident stroke, and all-cause mortality was higher in individuals with RH compared with those who had controlled BP but not beyond albuminuria and reduced kidney function. Notably, in those with normo- and microalbuminuria, the risk of stroke remained higher in the RH compared with the controlled BP group (3.49 [81.20, 10.15], P = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings highlight the importance of identifying and providing diagnostic and therapeutic counseling to these very-high-risk individuals with RH.
Effects of Linagliptin on Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes in People With Normal and Reduced Kidney Function: Secondary Analysis of the CARMELINA Randomized Trial
Authors: Perkovic Vlado , Toto Robert , Cooper Mark E. , Mann Johannes F.E. , Rosenstock Julio , McGuire Darren K. , Kahn Steven E. , Marx Nikolaus , Alexander John H. , Zinman Bernard , Pfarr Egon , Schnaidt Sven , Meinicke Thomas , von Eynatten Maximillian , George Jyothis T. , Johansen Odd Erik , Wanner Christoph 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE
Type 2 diabetes is a leading cause of kidney failure, but few outcome trials proactively enrolled individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We performed secondary analyses of cardiovascular (CV) and kidney outcomes across baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) categories (≥60, 45 to &lt;60, 30 to &lt;45, and &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2) in Cardiovascular and Renal Microvascular Outcome Study With Linagliptin (CARMELINA), a cardiorenal placebo-controlled outcome trial of the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor linagliptin (NCT01897532).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Participants with CV disease and/or CKD were included. The primary outcome was time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke (three-point major adverse CV event [3P-MACE]), with a secondary outcome of renal death, end-stage kidney disease, or sustained ≥40% decrease in eGFR from baseline. Other end points included progression of albuminuria, change in HbA1c, and adverse events (AEs) including hypoglycemia.

RESULTS
A total of 6,979 subjects (mean age 65.9 years; eGFR 54.6 mL/min/1.73 m2; 80.1% albuminuria) were followed for 2.2 years. Across eGFR categories, linagliptin as compared with placebo did not affect the risk for 3P-MACE (hazard ratio 1.02 [95% CI 0.89, 1.17]) or the secondary kidney outcome (1.04 [0.89, 1.22]) (interaction P values &gt;0.05). Regardless of eGFR, albuminuria progression was reduced with linagliptin, as was HbA1c, without increasing risk for hypoglycemia. AEs were balanced among groups overall and across eGFR categories.

CONCLUSIONS
Across all GFR categories, in participants with type 2 diabetes and CKD and/or CV disease, there was no difference in risk for linagliptin versus placebo on CV and kidney events. Significant reductions in risk for albuminuria progression and HbA1c and no difference in AEs were observed.
The importance of the Physical Environment for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services
Authors: Rogers Shane L , Edwards Stephen J , Human Paul , Perera Rebecca 
Published: May 2020

Objective: This study examined the relationships between appraisals of the physical environment with the subjective experience of consumers, and work satisfaction of clinicians, in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS).
Design, setting, and outcome measures: A survey of clinicians, parent/guardians, and child/adolescents was conducted across eight community CAMHS in Western Australia. Respondents evaluated the waiting room and therapy rooms on a number of environmental attributes, and factor analysis was carried out to confirm that these ratings loaded on an overall appraisal of the physical environment measure. This measure was thencorrelated with self-reported subjective experience of consumers, and overall work satisfaction of staff members.
Results: Clinicians were found to be much more critical of the physical environment compared with consumers. Moderate associations were found between appraisal of the physical environment and subjective experience of consumers. A strong positive association was found between clinician appraisal of the physical environment and overall work satisfaction.
Conclusions: The present study adds to the limited existing research arguing for the important role that the physical environment can have upon both consumer and staff experience in mental health settings. The present study provides empirical evidence to justify steps being taken to enhance the physical environment in mental health clinics. The inter-relationship between physical environment attributes suggests there is potential for managers to improve the overall perception of clinic space via relatively small actions (e.g., adding a nice piece of artwork).
Abbreviations: CAMHS – Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services.
Development of a Consumer Engagement Framework
Authors: Lizarondo Lucylynn , Kennedy Kate , Kay Debra 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The purpose of this project was to develop a Consumer Engagement Model to plan for effective baby boomer engagement to inform policy makers in the healthcare system. This is the first stage of that process.
Design: Initial model development for healthcare systems based on literature review and author group experience in evidence-based practice and research, and consumer advocacy and engagement.
Setting and population: South Australian health and community service systems, and healthcare professionals that work with baby boomers.
Findings: To develop an evidence-based Consumer Engagement Plan, it is recommended that policy makers undertake the four steps outlined in this document to design a question, determine consumer and community segments and scope of engagement, determine the breadth and depth of engagement and address the implications, assess risk and develop strategic partnerships to ensure the Plan is evidencebased,reasonable and achievable.
Conclusions: We believe this process provides a framework for planning consumer engagement and for implementation, monitoring, evaluation and review of consumer engagement for policy excellence. We propose to undertake a validation of the model thus populating the model with examples of practice-based strategies and revising the model accordingly.
Abbreviations: EBP – Evidence-Based Practice; IAP2 – International Association of Public Participation; PIO – Patient Intervention and Outcome.
Best Practice Pathology Collection in Australia
Authors: Pilbeam Victoria , Ridoutt Lee , Badrick Tony 
Published: May 2020

Objectives: The specific objectives of the study were to (a) identify current best practice in pathology specimen collection and assess the extent to which Australian pathology services currently satisfy best practice standards; and (b) identify training and other strategies that would mitigate any gaps between current and best practice.
Methods: A total of 22 case studies were undertaken with pathology collector employers from public, not for profit and private pathology organisations andacross urban and rural locations and eight focus groups with pathology collection services consumers were conducted in December 2012 in four different cities.
Results: The preferred minimum qualification of the majority of case study employers for pathology collectors is the nationally recognised Certificate III in Pathology. This qualification maps well to an accepted international best practice guideline for pathology collection competency standards but has some noted deficiencies identified which need to be rectified. These particularly include competencies related to communicating with consumers. The preferred way of training for this qualification is largely through structured and supervised on the job learning experiences supported by theoretical classroom instruction delivered in-house or in off the job settings. The study found a need to ensure a greater proportion of the pathology collection workforce is appropriately qualified.
Conclusion: The most effective pathway to best practice pathology collection requires strong policies that define how pathology samples are to be collected, stored and transported and a pathology collection workforce that is competent and presents to consumers with a credible qualification and in a professional manner.
Abbreviations: CHF – Consumer Health Forum of Australia; KIMMS – Key Incident Monitoring and Management Systems; NAACLS – National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences; NACCHO – National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation; NPAAC – National Pathology Accreditation Advisory Council; RCPA – Royal College of Pathology Australasia; RTO – Registered Training Organisation.
A Review of the ACHS Clinical Indicator Program after 20 years
Authors: Collopy Brian , Dennis Christine , O’Connor Linda , Nathan Myu 
Published: May 2020

The Clinical Indicator Program, which was introduced into the Australian Council on Healthcare Standards’ accreditation program two decades ago, has grown from one set addressed by 115 healthcare organisations to 22 sets with data received from over 800 healthcare organisations, resulting in a national database which is unique in its clinical diversity, reflecting every major medical discipline involved in hospital practice. The process for Clinical Indicator selection and review remains with the providers of the care, but the selection criteria are better defined and the evidence base strengthened. Early responses to their introduction were encouraging as improvements in patient management and outcomes were sought and achieved following review of comparative data, and some examples of these are provided. Clinical Indicator revision remains an important and major task and the original Hospital- Wide set of Clinical Indicators is now in its 12th version. The development and use of Clinical Indicators is increasing world-wide, and in Australia there are other organisations, including the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Healthcare, looking at Clinical Indicators to further understand the performance of healthcare organisations.
As clinical care changes, the challenges for the Australian Council on Healthcare Standards are to ensure the Clinical Indicators continue to reflect current practice, to retain clinician support, and also to ensure that the existence of its extensive and long-standing national clinical database is more widely known and utilised.
Abbreviations: ACHS: Australian Council of Healthcare Standards; ACIR – Australasian Clinical Indicator Report; ANZICS – Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society; APD – Adult Patient Database; CI – Clinical Indicators; HCO – HealthCare Organisation; PIRT – Performance Indicator Reporting Tool; RACMA - Royal Australian College of Medical Administrators.