bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and Verification of Geodynamic Risk Zones in the Western Carpathians Using Remote Sensing, Geophysical and GNSS Data
Authors: Pospíšil Lubomil , Bartoněk Dalibor , Bures Jiri , Svabensky Otakar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Previous surveys using the remote sensing (RS) method revealed significant structures in the area of the Western Carpathians. It has not yet been possible to verify and explain the results of these surveys, even though all the phenomena are regional in nature and show many morphological features that clearly indicate recent activity and deformations, including current earthquake foci. The aim of the article was to verify these phenomena and compare them with new findings. A method of combining geomorphological data with satellite image analysis and verification using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and geophysics data was used. In this work, results are presented confirming the existence of a previously identified nonlinear structure—the "gravity nappe" in the western part of the Low Tatras, and the largest tectonic system Muráň—Malcov is analyzed in detail. Similar structures and tectonic zones, on a smaller scale, can also be found in other areas of the Carpathians. For example, the gravity structure in the Lesser Carpathians and the Ukrainian flysch Carpathians or the linear boundaries interpreted as tectonic systems—the Myjava-Subtatrans, Hron and Transgemerian tectonic zones. Recent movement trends have been confirmed by newly unified data from EUREF Permanent Network (EPN) stations and GNSS campaigns carried out in the last two decades in the given area. Both types of analyzed structures are directly related to the occurring foci of earthquakes.
Breastfeeding Journeys: Comparing Mothers’ Experiences with Autistic and Neurotypical Infants
Authors: Campbell Amy A. , Barroso Julie , Mogos Mulubrhan , Weitlauf Amy , Karp Sharon M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBreastfeeding is a complex task that requires proficiency at several key developmental skills to feed successfully. It is unclear how Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects an infant’s breastfeeding experience and conflicting reports exist on shortened breastfeeding duration in infants later diagnosed with ASD. The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of mothers breastfeeding both their autistic and neurotypical children to better understand the differences in their breastfeeding experiences and maternal and infant factors that contributed to breastfeeding cessation in their autistic child. Twenty-four mothers of an autistic child who had feeding difficulties in the first 12 months of life, initiated breastfeeding, and also had a neurotypical child participated in semi-structured interviews regarding breastfeeding initiation, cessation, and challenges encountered during breastfeeding. Analysis revealed four major themes: (1) the struggle with latch, including infant behavior that hindered latching; (2) breastfeeding challenges, including problematic breastfeeding behavior by the infant; (3) cessation of breastfeeding, including physical symptoms of the infant that lead to breastfeeding cessation; and (4) breastfeeding the neurotypical sibling, including mother’s detection of different breastfeeding behaviors in neurotypical and autistic child. Breastfeeding behaviors described by mothers may indicate early signs of autism including early sensory sensitivity, lack of regulation, repetitive behaviors, and impaired social behaviors. Further research is needed to discern if these breastfeeding behaviors can be used to help identify early signs of autism and employed as additional surveillance for neurodevelopmental concerns at a young age.
Causal inference from clinical experience
Authors: Tabatabaei Ghomi Hamed , Stegenga Jacob 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
How reliable are causal inferences in complex empirical scenarios? For example, a physician prescribes a drug to a patient, and then the patient undergoes various changes to their symptoms. They then increase their confidence that it is the drug that causes such changes. Are such inferences reliable guides to the causal relation in question, particularly when the physician can gain a large volume of such clinical experience by treating many patients? The evidence-based medicine movement says no, while some physicians and philosophers support such appeals to first-person experience. We develop a formal model and simulate causal inference based on clinical experience. We conclude that in very particular clinical scenarios such inferences can be reliable, while in many other routine clinical scenarios such inferences are not reliable.
Effect of Surface Texturing on Friction and Lubrication of Ti6Al4V Biomaterials for Joint Implants
Authors: Ranuša Matúš , Odehnal Lukáš , Kučera Ondřej , Nečas David , Hartl Martin , Křupka Ivan , Vrbka Martin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The number of endoprosthetic implants for both large and small joints is increasing at a steady rate, thereby creating a growing demand for durable products that closely replicate the functionality of human joints. Notwithstanding the aforementioned advancements, challenges pertaining to implant fixation and tribological surfaces persist. The advent of progressive technologies, such as three-dimensional printing, offers a promising avenue for addressing these challenges in implant design and surface engineering. The Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo alloys, renowned for their biocompatibility and osseointegration properties, represent promising printable materials, although they are susceptible to wear on articulating surfaces. In order to mitigate the effects of abrasion, it is essential to implement surface treatments to facilitate the formation of a robust lubricating film. This research investigates the potential of texturing and electrochemical polishing to enhance protein aggregation in the contact area. The study employs a reciprocating simulator and colorimetric interferometry to observe the contact area and measure the coefficient of friction (CoF) of modified surfaces. The findings demonstrate that textured surfaces and the combination of electrochemical polishing result in an increase in the thickness of the protein lubrication film, which may potentially reduce wear. These outcomes suggest the potential for the utilization of Ti6Al4V alloy implants with fewer elements manufactured by additive technology.

Graphical Abstract
Coagulation-Flocculation/Pyrolysis Integrated System for Dye-Laden Wastewater Treatment: A Techno-Economic and Sustainable Approach
Authors: Msemwa Gelasius Gregory , Nasr Mahmoud , Abdelhaleem Amal , Fujii Manabu , Ibrahim Mona G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
While several studies have employed coagulation-flocculation (CF) for textile wastewater (TW) treatment, conventional process optimization techniques cause insufficient pollution reduction and large sludge volume generation that deteriorate the environmental matrix and elevate the system’s operating cost. To avoid these drawbacks, this study focuses on optimizing an integrated CF/pyrolysis process using artificial intelligence technique and response surface methodology (RSM) for the dual benefit of TW treatment and biochar production. In the CF experiment, water hyacinth (WH) was employed as a bio-coagulant material for TW treatment under different pH, coagulant dosage, mixing speed, and settling time levels. Under the optimum CF conditions yielded by RSM and artificial neural network (ANN) models (initial pH: 5.5 vs. 5.7, WH dosage: 3.76 g/L vs. 3.5 g/L, settling time: 116 min vs. 102 min, and slow mixing speed: 25 rpm vs. 23 rpm), incomparable removal efficiencies for dye (87.3% vs. 91.3%) and turbidity (93.4% vs. 98.2%) were obtained. These removal efficiencies dropped to 83.5% and 87.6%, respectively, for operating the CF process using unoptimized operating factors. The pyrolysis of post-coagulation sludge yielded a carbon-rich biochar material characterized by a porous structure and abundant cationic microelements. The integrated performance of the CF/pyrolysis scheme under ANN-based optimal conditions achieved a shorter payback period of 5.2 years compared to RSM (5.7 years) and unoptimized (7.9 years) conditions. Furthermore, the optimized scheme supported several sustainable development goals that complied with clean water, good health, and climate change mitigation.

Graphical Abstract
Estimates of walking prevalence and volume for U.S. cancer survivors and those without cancer: overall, by sex, and by race and ethnicity
Authors: Tribby Calvin P. , Alismail Sarah , Nukavarapu Nivedita , Yang Jiue-An , Jankowska Marta M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This paper estimated overall, by sex, and by race and ethnicity walking behaviors in the cancer survivor population, where prevalence is not known, compared to those without cancer.

Methods
Data from the 2015 and 2020 National Health Interview Survey (n = 54,542) were used to estimate walking behaviors. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated walking behavior prevalence with predictive margins and volume of weekly minutes overall and stratified by sex and race/ethnicity. Walking behaviors for breast and prostate cancer survivors were also examined.

Results
There were no significant differences in adjusted prevalence for walking behaviors overall or by race/ethnicity for women. However, there were significant differences for men, with cancer survivors’ any reported walking at 62.6% (95% CI: 60.1, 65.4) compared to men without cancer, 65.9% (95% CI: 65.1%, 66.8%) (p = 0.02). There was also a difference in transportation only walking for men, with cancer survivors reporting 6.8% (95% CI: 5.5%, 8.2%), compared to men without cancer, 9.1% (8.5%, 9.6%) (p = 0.008); a similar pattern was observed for transportation walking for non-Hispanic white men. There were no differences in walking prevalence among breast cancer survivors, but overall prostate cancer survivors reported less walking for both purposes as did non-Hispanic white survivors. Leisure walking volume for cancer survivors, both women and men, was higher than for those without cancer. Median leisure walking minutes for non-Hispanic white women, 120 min (95% CI: 120, 140) was higher than those without cancer, 105 min (95% CI: 105, 120) (p = 0.002). Median leisure walking minutes for non-Hispanic white men, 120 min (95% CI: 120, 140), was higher than those without cancer, 100 min (95% CI: 100, 105) (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Overall, there are no significant differences in walking prevalence for women, but men cancer survivors reported less overall walking, walking for transportation, or walking for both purposes. However, volume of leisure walking was higher for cancer survivors compared to those without cancer.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
For cancer survivors, this suggests that even though prevalence of leisure walking was similar, volume of weekly minutes was higher compared to those without cancer. This suggests that for cancer survivors, leisure walking is an accessible and important source of physical activity.
Comparison of invasive and non-invasive gradients before and after TAVI and their implications on clinical outcomes
Authors: Pfenniger Anna , Stolte Thorald , Reichl Jakob Johannes , Leibundgut Gregor , Wagener Max , Kaiser Christoph , Boeddinghaus Jasper , Mahfoud Felix , Nestelberger Thomas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is recommended for treatment of high-risk aortic stenosis patients. While measuring mean transaortic valve gradient (MG) is crucial in evaluating procedural success, echocardiographic measurements often overestimate direct invasive measurements. This study aimed to examine the discordance between echocardiographic and invasive MGs in TAVI patients and assess their prognostic value on long-term outcomes. This prospective registry included consecutive TAVI patients at a tertiary university hospital. Transthoracic or transoesophageal echocardiography was performed pre-TAVI, at discharge, 1 month, 1, and 5 years with invasive MG measurements obtained peri-procedurally. The primary endpoints were 5-year all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac events. Among 1353 patients from 2011 to 2023, non-invasive MGs exceeded invasive MGs pre- and post-implantation (43 [36, 52] mmHg vs. 40 [30, 50] mmHg, p < 0.001; 9 [6, 12] mmHg vs. 4 [2, 7] mmHg, p < 0.001) Pre-procedural MGs correlated better than post-procedural MGs (r = 0.70, p < 0.001 vs. r = 0.23, p < 0.001), particularly in self-expandable valves and smaller sinus of Valsalva diameter (SOVd) (r = 0.33, p < 0.001; r = 0.46, p < 0.001 vs R = 0.06, p = 0.701). Non-invasive MG remained stable from discharge (9 [6, 12] mmHg) to 5 years (9 [7, 12] mmHg). While structural valve deterioration and patient-prosthesis mismatch showed no impact, extreme invasive MGs (< 3 or > 6 mmHg) predicted worse outcomes (mortality hazard: 1.25 [1.06, 1.88] and 0.85 [0.8, 0.95], respectively), unlike non-invasive measurements. In conclusion, invasive as compared with non-invasive MGs correlated better before than after valve implantation, whereas invasive MGs were always lower than non-invasive MGs. Lower invasive MGs after TAVI appeared to be associated with favourable long-term outcomes.
Can triad forestry reconcile Europe’s biodiversity and forestry strategies? A critical evaluation of forest zoning
Authors: Nagel Thomas A. , Rodríguez-Recio Mariano , Aakala Tuomas , Angelstam Per , Avdagić Admir , Borowski Zbigniew , Bravo-Oviedo Andrés , Brazaitis Gediminas , Campagnaro Thomas , Ciach Michał , Curovic Milic , Doerfler Inken , Fotakis Dimitrios , Govedar Zoran , Gregor Konstantin , Gültekin Yaşar Selman , Heilmann-Clausen Jacob , Hoffmann Johanna , Hofmeister Jeňýk , Jansone Diāna , Jansons Āris , Kepfer-Rojas Sebastian , Lachat Thibault , Lapin Katharina , Lõhmus Asko , Manton Michael , Mikac Stjepan , Mikoláš Martin , Mohren Frits , Nordén Björn , Odor Peter , Oettel Janine , Paillet Yoan , Panayotov Momchil , Roibu Catalin-Constantin , Sitzia Tommaso , Svoboda Miroslav , Tanács Eszter , Trentanovi Giovanni , Vacchiano Giorgio , van der Sluis Theo , Zlatanov Tzvetan , Burrascano Sabina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Balancing increasing demand for wood products while also maintaining forest biodiversity is a paramount challenge. Europe’s Biodiversity and Forest Strategies for 2030 attempt to address this challenge. Together, they call for strict protection of 10% of land area, including all primary and old growth forests, increasing use of ecological forestry, and less reliance on monocultural plantations. Using data on country wide silvicultural practices and a new database on strict forest reserves across Europe, we assess how triad forest zoning could help meet these goals. Our analysis reveals that zoning in Europe is overwhelmingly focused on wood production, while there has been little concomitant protection of forests in strict reserves. Moreover, most strict forest reserves are < 50 ha in size, likely too small to capture the minimum dynamic area necessary to sustain many taxa. We outline research priorities to meet future demands for timber while minimizing the impact on native biodiversity.
Exploring microRNA signatures in pediatric non-infectious uveitis: meta-analysis and molecular profiling of patient samples
Authors: Wawrzyniak Olga , Wawrzyniak Dariusz , Smuszkiewicz Michał , Głodowicz Paweł , Gotz-Więckowska Anna , Rolle Katarzyna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTo find a distinct non-coding RNA characteristic for idiopathic uveitis in the pediatric population. To explore the autoimmune-related miRNA expression profile in pediatric patients with idiopathic uveitis (IU) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis–associated uveitis (JIA-AU) and find a common molecular background for idiopathic uveitis and other autoimmune diseases. The expression levels of miRNAs were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR using serum samples from patients with idiopathic uveitis (n = 8), juvenile idiopathic arthritis–associated uveitis (n = 7), and healthy controls. We selected the most promising miRNAs from the original research papers: miR-16-5p, miR-26a-5p, miR-145-5p, and miR-451a as markers for juvenile idiopathic arthritis; miR-23a-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-140-5p, miR-193a-5p, and miR-491-5p for uveitis in the adult population; and miR-125a-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-223-5p, and miR-223-3p characteristic for both diseases and confirm their expression changes in serum from children with idiopathic uveitis. We comprehensively reviewed the literature enrolling the papers that met the inclusion criteria (miRNA and non-infectious uveitis/juvenile idiopathic arthritis) and performed target prediction analysis of appoint miRNAs. It additionally confirmed that altered miRNAs target the immunologically involved genes. Immunological-involved miRNAs such as miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p show diverse expression levels in different patients as they interact with multiple targets. miR-204-5p is downregulated in both patient groups compared to healthy controls. miR-204-5p and miR-155-5p are candidates for molecular markers of autoimmune uveitis. We did not identify the miRNAs specific only to idiopathic uveitis, but for the first time in the pediatric population, we confirmed that this disease entity shares a molecular basis with other autoimmune diseases. Further studies are required to elucidate the molecular interactions among miRNAs, cytokines, and transcription factors within the intricate immune response, particularly in the eye.
Adapting Team-Based Learning for Medical Education: A Case Study with Scalable and Resource-Efficient Implementation
Authors: Jansen Michaela , Kim Cavdar Irina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Team-based learning (TBL) is a structured collaborative learning strategy where students are able to apply conceptual knowledge in small groups through a sequence of activities comprised of preparation, individual readiness assurance testing, teamwork, and team readiness assurance testing, typically followed by an application exercise. TBL has been gaining popularity in many education institutions and programs across the world and in the USA. This study marks the beginning of implementing TBL as a major active learning modality at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center School of Medicine. Through this initiative, we present TBL as a versatile and adaptable method to improve students’ learning and examination outcomes.

Methods
TBL sessions are conducted in three steps: pre-class preparation, in-class readiness assurance testing, and application-focused exercise. The present study used a modified or abbreviated format, consisting of pre-class preparation and in-class individual readiness assurance test (iRAT) and team readiness assurance test (tRAT) followed by immediate feedback. A Pilot Phase was used to engage early-adopter faculty and optimize session parameters, and an Implementation Phase was used for one organ system, with both phases in the pre-clerkship curriculum and a class size of 180 students. During the Pilot Phase, student participation was voluntary, whereas in the Implementation Phase, participation counted towards a selective session attendance requirement. Therefore, student numbers were significantly smaller during the Pilot Phase supporting gradual optimization of session organization.

Results
iRAT, tRAT, and summative end of organ system section National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) scores were analyzed. We find that participation in an increasing number of TBLs was associated with increased iRAT scores and a decreased performance gap between highest and lowest performers, where the increase in the scores of lowest performers was more substantial than the increase in the scores of highest performers. NBME score analysis showed that TBL participation increased examination performance by an average of 2.4% per TBL session attended.

Conclusions
We present an implementation strategy for TBL sessions using a two-phased approach. Our process implementation provides a clear roadmap for other health professions or medical schools to implement TBL format sessions in their specific educational context. Importantly, the unique, abbreviated TBL format presented here facilitates implementation and adaptation. Observed learning strategies during tRAT that have been demonstrated to be effective include elaboration, dual coding, specific examples, interleaving, and retrieval practices. Overall, the results indicate a positive impact of TBL participation on final summative exam scores.
Understanding dislocation velocity in TaW using explainable machine learning
Authors: Kedharnath A. , Kapoor Rajeev , Sarkar Apu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe present work calculated the velocity of edge dislocations in the Ta–W system using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and through machine learning (ML), identified the key parameters influencing the velocity. To achieve this, MD simulations were conducted at various values of the extrinsic parameters—temperatures and applied stresses ($${\tau }_{\text{app}}$$

τ
app

), and the intrinsic variables—slip systems and alloying contents of tungsten in tantalum. Configurations containing edge dislocations on {110}/{112}/{123} planes were employed, and dislocation velocities were subsequently estimated. The MD results were processed using ML models, specifically extreme gradient boosting and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). SHAP analysis identified $${\tau }_{\text{app}}$$

τ
app

as the most influencing parameter affecting velocity, followed by slip plane, temperature, and W addition. SHAP estimated the base velocity value ($${v}_{\text{b}}$$

v
b

) to be 1376 m·s-1. $${v}_{\text{b}}$$

v
b

was calculated by training SHAP on a parameter-less model. $${v}_{\text{b}}$$

v
b

could be increased by applying $${\tau }_{\text{app}}$$

τ
app

of at least 1 GPa, through slipping on the {112} and {123} planes, at temperatures of 0 and 300 K, and in configurations with 0 wt.% and 5 wt.% W. The importance of $${v}_{\text{b}}$$

v
b

on deformation was established.
2023 ASR Distinguished Lecture: Decoloniality and Its Fissures. Whose Decolonial Turn?
Authors: Ogude James 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the fissures within recent decolonial debates, arguing for the privileging of alternative narratives from formerly colonized groups and a shift away from centring colonialism. It calls for the recognition of decolonial struggles whose histories run deep and the need to link the struggles with indigeneity, its poetics of relations, and connectedness. Therefore, decoloniality requires thinking and doing and paying attention to social and economic well-being of hitherto marginalized indigenous communities, while giving due recognition to their poetics of relationality, reciprocity, and conviviality. Drawing on the example of #RhodesMust Fall movement in South Africa, it raises difficult questions around ownership, agency, while pointing to cracks that this contemporary movement surfaced, in spite of its claim to decoloniality.
Post-compression of the GW-level femtosecond pulse in a solid-state multi-pass cell
Authors: Shen Liya , Song Jiajun , Peng Yujie , Luo Guangxin , Liu Yinfei , Sun Jianyu , Leng Yuxin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We demonstrate the post-compression of the GW-level femtosecond pulse in a solid-state multi-pass cell (MPC) by the pre-chirp management method. When the laser pulse is positively pre-chirped, the 200 μJ 170 fs input pulse is compressed to 163 μJ 44 fs at the output, corresponding to a transmission of 81% and a pulse shortening factor of 3.86. When the laser pulse is negatively pre-chirped, the spectral evolution, as the pulse propagates in the MPC, is characterized and, eventually, the pulse duration is compressed to 51 fs, corresponding to a pulse shortening factor of 3.3. After the driving laser goes through the pre-chirp managed MPC device, the power stability and beam quality are almost preserved. The experimental results offer a viable path toward the post-compression of high-peak-power laser pulses.