bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corticotroph adenoma and pituitary fungal infection: a rare association
Authors: Catarino Diana , Ribeiro Cristina , Gomes Leonor , Paiva Isabel 
Published: March 2020

Summary
Pituitary infections, particularly with fungus, are rare disorders that usually occur in immunocompromised patients. Cushing’s syndrome predisposes patients to infectious diseases due to their immunosuppression status. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman, working as a poultry farmer, who developed intense headache, palpebral ptosis, anisocoria, prostration and psychomotor agitation 9 months after initial diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Cranioencephalic CT scan showed a pituitary lesion with bleeding, suggesting pituitary apoplexy. Patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery and the neuropathologic study indicated a corticotroph adenoma with apoplexy and fungal infection. Patient had no preoperative Cushing’s syndrome diagnosis. She was evaluated by a multidisciplinary team who decided not to administer anti-fungal treatment. The reported case shows a rare association between a corticotroph adenoma and a pituitary fungal infection. The possible contributing factors were hypercortisolism, uncontrolled diabetes and professional activity. Transsphenoidal surgery is advocated in these infections; however, anti-fungal therapy is still controversial.

Learning points:

Pituitary infections are rare disorders caused by bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections.

Pituitary fungal infections usually occur in immunocompromised patients.

Cushing’s syndrome, as immunosuppression factor, predisposes patients to infectious diseases, including fungal infections.

Diagnosis of pituitary fungal infection is often achieved during histopathological investigation.

Treatment with systemic anti-fungal drugs is controversial.

Endocrine evaluation is recommended at the time of initial presentation of pituitary manifestations.
Carotid body chemosensitivity: early biomarker of dysmetabolism in humans
Authors: Cunha-Guimaraes João P , Guarino Maria P , Timóteo Ana T , Caires Iolanda , Sacramento Joana F , Ribeiro Maria J , Selas Mafalda , Santiago João C P , Mota-Carmo Miguel , Conde Silvia V 
Published: March 2020

Objective
The carotid bodies (CBs) are peripheral chemoreceptor organs classically described as being O2 sensors, which are increasingly emerging as core players in metabolic control. Herein we evaluated CB activity in prediabetes patients and determined its correlation with dysmetabolism clinical features.

Design and methods
Prediabetes patients were recruited at the Cardiology Service, Hospital Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central, EPE (CHLC-EPE). The study was approved by CHLC-EPE and NOVA Medical School Ethics Committee. Thirty-three prediabetic and 14 age-matched, non-prediabetic, volunteers had their peripheral chemosensitivity evaluated by the Dejours test. Serum biomarkers of metabolic disease, insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and glucose tolerance were assessed.

Results
CB chemosensitivity was significantly increased in prediabetic group (P < 0.01). Fasting blood, glucose intolerance, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in prediabetes patients. Insulin resistance correlated both with peripheral chemosensitivity, assessed by the Dejours test (P < 0.05) and with abdominal circumference (P < 0.01). HbA1c correlated with HOMA-IR (P < 0.05) and left cIMT (P < 0.05) in prediabetes patients.

Conclusions
We conclude that CB is overactive in prediabetes subjects and that peripheral chemosensitivity correlates with fasting insulin and insulin resistance representing a novel non-invasive functional biomarker to forecast early metabolic disease.
Testosterone replacement therapy of opioid-induced male hypogonadism improved body composition but not pain perception: a double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Glintborg Dorte , Vaegter Henrik Bjarke , Christensen Louise Lehmann , Bendix Emma , Graven-Nielsen Thomas , Andersen Per Grünwald , Andersen Marianne 
Published: March 2020

Background
Hypogonadism is prevalent during opioid treatment, but the effect of testosterone replacement treatment (TRT) on body composition, pain perception, and adrenal function is unclear.

Purpose
To measure changes in body composition, pain perception, quality of life, and adrenal function after TRT or placebo in opioid-treated men with chronic non-malignant pain.

Methods
Double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 41 men (>18 years) with total testosterone <12 nmol/L were randomized to 24 weeks TRT (Testosterone undecanoate injection three times/6 months, n = 20) or placebo (placebo-injections, n = 21).

Outcomes
Body composition (lean body mass and fat mass assessed by DXA), clinical pain intensity (numerical rating scale), and experimental pain perception (quantitative sensory assessment), quality of life (SF36), and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) test. Data were presented as median (quartiles). Mann–Whitney tests were performed on delta values (24–0 weeks) between TRT and placebo.

Results
The median age was 55 years (46; 59) and total testosterone before intervention was 6.8 (5.0; 9.3) nmol/L. TRT was associated with change of testosterone levels: 12.3 (7.0; 19.9) nmol/L (P < 0.001 vs placebo), increased lean body mass: 3.6 (2.3; 5.0) kg vs 0.1 kg (−2.1; 1.5) during TRT vs placebo and decreased total fat mass: −1.2 (−3.1; 0.7) kg vs 1.2 kg (−0.9; 2.5) kg, both P < 0.003. Changed pain perception, SF36, and ACTH-stimulated cortisol levels were non-significantly changed during TRT compared with placebo.

Conclusions
Six months of TRT improved body composition in men with opioid-induced hypogonadism without significant changes in outcomes of pain perception, quality of life, or adrenal function.
A systematic review on the importance of genotyping and phenotyping in fluoropyrimidine treatment
Authors: Deac Andrada-Larisa , Burz Claudia Cristina , Bocșe Horea Florin , Bocșan Ioana Corina , Buzoianu Anca-Dana 
Published: March 2020

Fluoropyrimidines, after more than 50 years of their discovery, are still the treatment of many types of cancer, and annually is estimated that two million patients use fluoropyrimidine treatment. The toxicity associated with fluoropyrimidines affects 30-40% of patients and some adverse effects can be lethal.
Dihydroypyrimidine dehydrogenase is the main enzyme in the catabolism of 5-FU and DPD activity deficiency can cause important toxicity. There is an important reason for determinate DPD activity in order to improve patient safety and to limit potential life-threating toxicity.
Now, are available multiple phenotypic and genotypic methods to determinate DPD activity, some of this methods have proven their usefulness in practice, but yet there are not routinely recommended in clinical practice.
This review is another statement of the importance of determination DPD status, the phenotypic and genotypic methods that are available and can be used.
Penggunaan Masker Penutup Wajah Saat Salat Sebagai Langkah Pencegahan Wabah Coronavirus Covid-19
Authors: Syandri Syandri , Akbar Fadhlan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study discusses the spread of the Corona virus throughout the world, intended in Indonesia to find solutions, especially in carrying out the rituals of prayer in Islam. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by using data related to the use of face or mouth coverings (masks) when carrying out the prayers that are affirmed as understood from the prohibition of the Prophet. The results of this study indicate that the law of origin using the mouth cover (mask) when prayer is makruh tanzih or makruh which does not cancel the prayer. However, in certain conditions such as the existence of intent, then using a legal mask may. It could even be increased to the law recommended if a person who will attend congregational prayers in unhealthy conditions such as fever, cough or flu. This is expected to prevent the spread of the Corona virus in the community.Keywords: Masks, Face masks, Corona, Salat AbstrakPenelitian ini membahas tentang merebaknya virus Corona di seluruh dunia termaksud di Indonesia untuk menemukan solusi khususnya dalam melaksanakan ritual ibadah salat dalam Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan penutup wajah atau mulut (masker) saat melaksanakan ibadah salat yang dimakruhkan sebagaimana difahami dari pelarangan Rasulullah saw. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa hukum asal menggunakan penutup mulut (masker) ketika salat adalah makruh tanzih yaitu makruh yang tidak membatalkan salat. Akan tetapi pada kondisi tertentu seperti adanya hajat, maka menggunakan masker hukumnya boleh. Bahkan bisa meningkat kepada hukum dianjurkan jika seorang yang akan menghadiri salat jamaah dalam kondisi kurang sehat seperti demam, batuk atau flu. Hal ini diharapkan dapat mencegah tersebarnya virus Corona dalam masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Masker, Penutup wajah, Corona, Salat
Do Budget Deficit Crowds out Private Investment: A Case of Tanzanian Economy
Authors: Mwigeka Samwel 
Published: March 2020

The existing high budget deficit in Tanzanian economy has created an immense concern among economic policy analysts. The study investigates whether budget deficits crowd out or crowd in private investment in Tanzania, using annual data covering the period from 1970 to 2012. Using the Johansen cointegration test suggests there is at least one cointegration vector among these variables. Under such circumstances, we employed a vector error correction model (VEC), since it offers more and better information compared to other data generation processes. The results point to a close long–term relationship between private investment, and other variables included in the study. Results suggest that budget deficits significantly crowds out private investment. These results substantiate the theoretical predictions and are also supported by previous studies. The paper recommends that government should redirect it fiscal policy that would favor the private investor by discouraging high government expenditure and maintaining a low fiscal deficit. Also, to avoid crowding out effect, capital market should be used to finance budget deficit.
JEL Classifications Code: H6
Ecological and Economic Dissonance Debate on Kilimanjaro Region: Reflecting on 2-Basic Questions Case to Establish E1/E2
Authors: Leonard Msaki Juda , Mwita Kelvin , Ruoja Cesilia 
Published: March 2020

Studying an interaction between more than one variable, both in influence and action is never an easy task, but establishing a key functional observation and question is even extremely difficult to an academician. The current literature therefore tries to re-establish an empirical debate between bi-polar ends, taking the influence of human destructive-constructive ends on both variables ecosystem (E1) and economic needs (E2).
Kilimanjaro has been taken to represent a case in Tanzania reflecting African 4 – zones on economic agriculture, as it represents among sectors of economy, 47 percent of GDP and employs 85 percent of Tanzanian population. The current literature refers to Global perspective as Global warming covers not only Africa but the whole world reforms platforms.
Institutional suggestions therefore cover solutions in terms of theoretical and empirical reflections for both. Where economic parameters and statistical dimensions cover the most dynamic era of plans, actions and the way forward (1990s -2000s). The evils of poverty has been linked to the impacts of unbalanced Dr. Msaki’s ratio (GE1/GE2=ɼ˚), where question A and B articulate further platforms for future researched. The literature concludes by re-establishing an implementation cycle of root I and II focused on balancing criterion of ɼ˚- establishment in terms of culture, strategies, focus and policies.
JEL Classifications Code: E6
Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Company Taxation: Case of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Alim Al Ayub 
Published: March 2020

This study looks at the association between foreign direct investment and company taxation in Bangladesh from 2001-2010. The annual reports were sourced from the Bangladesh Bank Bulletin, Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and World Bank which was analyzed using Descriptive Statistic, correlation and regression. The independent variable corporate taxation was measured using corporate tax rate (CTR) whilst dependent variable foreign direct investment was measured using FDI net inflow (% of GDP). GDP, exchange rate and inflation rate were used as control variables. The result showed negative significant relationship between CTR and FDI whereas exchange rate and FDI indicated negative insignificant relationship. On the other hand, GDP was positively insignificantly related with FDI whilst inflation had positive significant relationship with FDI. Based on the result, the study suggested that there is require for the government to lo trim down corporate tax rate in order to create a centre of attention FDI into the country.
Disclosure of Financial Statements: A Study on Mobile Telecommunication Companies in Bangladesh
Authors: Neogy Taposh Kumar 
Published: March 2020

Accounting information produced by AIS through preparing the different financial statements of the selected mobile telecommunication companies is used to meet the needs of interested stakeholders for taking effective decision to serve the different purpose. The selected mobile telecommunication companies follow the provision of IASs/BASs and IFRSs/BFRSs for preparing and presenting the different financial statements. The selected mobile telecommunication companies also follow the Companies Act, 1994, the Securities and Exchange Rules 1987 and other applicable laws in Bangladesh. Accounting Information Systems of the selected mobile telecommunication companies collects stores and disseminates data for the purpose of providing meaningful information to the interested users that assist planning, controlling, coordinating, analyzing and taking effective decision. The general purpose of preparing the different financial statements of the selected mobile telecommunication companies is to provide accounting information to the interested users for taking every effective decision making process. Accurate judgments are impossible unless financial statements are clear and understandable by the interested parties. The study focuses the extent of disclosure scores of the income statement and balance sheet items of the selected mobile telecommunication companies over five years from 2008 to 2012. The results show that the average disclosure scores of income statement and balance sheet items are satisfactory and there is significant difference in disclosure scores of income statement and balance sheet items of the selected mobile telecommunication companies during the period under study. The results also show that most of the respondents reveal that the accounting information produced by AIS of the selected mobile telecommunication companies is moderately adequate and informative and there was significant and non significant difference of opinions among the respondents regarding the adequacy and informativeness of accounting information produced by AIS of the selected mobile telecommunication companies.
JEL Classifications Code: M41, F38
The Effects of Risk Management System on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Rwanda: A Case of Cogebanque Ltd.
Authors: Hitimana Mireille , Kule Julius Warren , Mbabazize Peter Mbabazi 
Published: March 2020

This research study entitled an Assessment of the Effect of Risk Management System on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Rwanda aimed at assessing risk factors that performance of commercial banks like credit risk, embezzlement, theft and among others. Three specific objectives were formulated namely; to analyze the effect of directive control system on Financial Performance of Cogebanque Ltd; to establish the effect of preventive control system on Financial Performance of Cogebanque Ltd; to examine the effect of detective control system on Financial Performance of Cogebanque Ltd. The study examined risk management system and financial performances in Cogebanque Ltd located in Kigali City for a period of four years from 2011-2014. The study used descriptive design. A sample size of 40 staff of Cogebanque Ltd, participated in the study. SPSS software (version 22) was used to process the data and analysis were made by use of frequency/percentages, mean and standard deviation. The relationship between the variables was established by use of Pearsons correlation. The study established that different risk management systems which consist of directive control system, preventive control system and detective control system. The study revealed that risk management system has improved Cogebanque bank’s return on investment, profitability, liquidity, return asset and return on equity and loan returns by 72.7%.
Managerial Accounting and Society: Emerging Factors for ‘Decision Making’ of Accountants in the Modern Era
Authors: Masoom Muhammad Rehan , Zaman Fareen 
Published: March 2020

The managerial accounting offers a universal set of tools to manage the administration and acts as patterned entities for producing a return for the organization. In doing so, the chief problem faced by a professional and academic discipline like accounting is that it has to deal with two distinct planes: one is the theoretical stage, and the other is on the practical height. Since the influence of accounting affects areas beyond mere corporate and business entities to the day-to-day social role of accounting, the discipline must pay proper discretion in addressing both the aspects. This paper address three complicates issues that the modern day accounting is facing. First, it attempts to shed lights on the sociological concepts applicable in accounting to comprehend the implicative insinuations. Second, the civil discourse and the decision-making edifice of the management have taken under consideration. Third, it intends an approach to reconstruct the behavioral accounting.
Management of the Development and Implementation of New Generation Technologies
Authors: Komkov N. I. , Sutyagin V. V. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: to justification of the need to develop new-generation domestic technologies that ensure the competitiveness and stability of the Russian economy to external challenges. Using the laws of accelerated development of various systems, objects and processes of the material world will allow us to construct a mechanism for analysis, decision-making and management of the justification, development and implementation of new generation technologies.Methods: the research method is based on the generalization of forecasting the accelerated development of various processes under the conditions of growth restrictions, methods for constructing targeted information-logic models, decision-making methods for justifying the costs of upgrading one-generation technology options and analyzing domestic and foreign technology development experience new generation.Results: within the space of creation and development of new generation technologies, in accordance with the well-known concept of the full life cycle, the process of development and implementation of new generation technologies in the form of a logistic curve has been specified. The solution to the problem of managing the creation of new generation technologies is presented as the fastest possible implementation of projects to search for innovative solutions that meet the requirements of competitiveness. Mathematical models of the formulated problem are considered. Examples of practical tasks for managing the development and development of new generation technologies are given.Conclusions and Relevance: the dynamics of development and the economic conditions for the transition to technology modernization are determined by the need for further development of new generation technologies in the interests of full use of the innovative potential of this generation. Information-logical and mathematical models have been developed for making decisions on managing the justification of the necessary resources for the implementation of projects in the full cycle during the transition from innovative solutions to new technologies and innovative products.
Uterine torsion of 90 degrees: case report
Authors: Tanouti S. , Chakri M. , Taheri H. , Saadi H. , Mimouni A. 
Published: March 2020

Uterine torsion is defined as a rotation of uterus more than 45 degrees along its long axis. However, a pathologic rotation of the uterus beyond 45 degrees-torsion of the entire uterus-is rarely seen in obstetrical practice, authors report a case of torsion of the uterus by 90 degrees. The patient, a 30-year-old gravida 3 para 2 at 37 weeks’ gestation with a singleton pregnancy, her prior obstetrical history included two uncomplicated term vaginal deliveries, and the current pregnancy had been uncomplicated until the date of presentation was admitted to the obstetrical unit with labour at 37 weeks 5 days ,on obstetric examination the patient was in labour with transversal presentation of the fetus so an emergency caesarean section (CS) was carried out for. At the time of CS, the diagnosis of uterine torsion of 90 degrees was made. After the delivery of the baby, uterus returned to anatomical position and the torsion corrected spontaneously. The patient recovered and was discharged home with her baby on the third postoperative day. Uterine torsion is an infrequently reported and potentially dangerous complication of pregnancy that occurs mainly in the third trimester.
A rare case presentation of large mucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma in a young female
Authors: Singh Akansha , Dadhwal Ankita , Verma Ashok , Agarwal Swati 
Published: March 2020

Here authors report a case of large ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in a young female complicating young pregnancy. Ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare ovarian tumour that arises from the surface epithelium of the ovary. A 25-year young female, 9 days post-partum presented to the hospital with complain of abdominal distension. USG finding suggesting large solid cystic mass 36 × 14 cm arising from pelvis extending up to epigastrium. MRI pelvis evident of heterogenous hyperintense solid cystic mass lesion giving bunch of grapes appearance with size 24.5 × 25 × 11.5 cms seen in intra peritoneal space extending cranially up to epigastrium and caudally into pelvis giving anterior displacement of uterus. And posterior displacement of bowel loops. A large part of lesion is cystic with solid component with multiple internal echoes.
Safety and efficacy of glued intraocular lens implantation in eyes with inadequate capsular support
Authors: Gonde Payal P. , Aghadate Sagar 
Published: March 2020

Background: Aim of the study was to analyze the postoperative visual outcomes, complication rate of fibrin glue-assisted, suture-less posterior chamber (PC) intraocular lens (IOL) implantation technique in eyes with inadequate capsule support at a tertiary eye care hospital.Methods: This is a retrospective, nonrandomized case series. This study analyzes 50 eyes which underwent PC-IOL implantation by fibrin glue-assisted, suture-less technique. All patients who had IOL implants by the fibrin glue-assisted PC-IOL technique from 2017 to 2019 were included in the study. Intra- and post-operative complications were analyzed. The postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was evaluated and recorded at the end of 6 months.Results: Mean age of distribution are 42.94 years in glued IOL implantation. Among 50 cases 30 are males and 20 are females. There is significant difference in BCVA between preoperatively and postoperatively, p value for pre-operative to post-operative vision in glued intraocular lens group is <0.0001 i.e. there is definite improvement in vision in glued intraocular group. BCVA ≥6/24 was 18 (48%) in Glued IOL subjects.Conclusions: Glued IOL implantation is a feasible option in rehabilitating patients with aphakia without adequate capsular support.