bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La Pedagogía Liberadora de Paulo Freire: contemporaneidad de un pensamiento latinoamericano
Authors: Moreira Janine , Carola Carlos Renato 
Published: March 2020

La pedagogía liberadora de Paulo Freire, a despecho de su amplia divulgación, ni siempre es debidamente comprendida en sus conceptos fundamentales. Para comprender esta teoría en su potencial revolucionario es necesario ubicarla en su local y en su tiempo de nacimiento, un país latinoamericano en los años 50 y 60 del siglo XX, Brasil. Un país como tantos otros ubicados en el “sur del mundo”, víctimas (y sujetos) del proceso colonizador, el cual es el contrapunto del proceso modernizador, como afirma el filósofo argentino Enrique Dussel. El artículo consiste en una reflexión teórica que objetiva situar el pensamiento educativo freireano en el contexto de la necesaria liberación, así como reflexionar sobre su contemporaneidad tras 50 años de su formulación, una vez que nos deparamos con los oprimidos del siglo XXI, razón por la cual aún esta teoría se hace actual.
The liberating pedagogy of Paulo Freire, despite its wide dissemination, has not always been fully comprehended. To understand this theory in its revolutionary capacity, it is urgent to situate it where and when it was born, in a Latin American country, Brazil, during the 1950s and 1960s. As claimed by the Argentinian philosopher Enrique Dussel, Brazil, like many other countries situated in the “south of the world”, has been victim (and subject) of colonization processes which situate themselves on the antipodes of modernity. This article consists of a theoretical reflection that aims to situate the educational thought of Paulo Freire as a quest for liberation, while also seeking to reflect about its contemporary pertinence after 50 years of its first formulation, a pertinence based on the many forms of oppression still operating in the 21st century.
Formación en Primeros Auxilios en el Turismo Activo
Authors: Carrillo Heredia MJ. 
Published: March 2020

Existe una demanda creciente del sector del turismo activo en España, que ofrece actividades que conllevan riesgos asumidos. A pesar de minimizar este riesgo con amplios conocimientos técnicos de los trabajadores del sector, pueden ocurrir accidentes. Puesto que no existe uniformidad legislativa en España, el objetivo del artículo es comparar los requisitos exigidos en cada comunidad y reflexionar sobre el nivel de formación en primeros auxilios que tienen los monitores, guías e instructores de actividades de turismo activo en España.
There is an increasing demand in the active tourism sector in Spain, which offers activities that imply certain deliberately accepted risks. Although risks are minimized by the broad technical skills of sector workers, accidents might happen. Due to lack of consensus legal regulations in Spain, this article focus on to compare the requirements demanded by each community and reflect on the first aid training level that active tourism instructors, guides, and monitors have in Spain.Key words: active tourism, first aid, training.
Comparación del perfil físico de atletas masculinos y femeninos de carreras de obstáculos
Authors: Baptista J. , Brandão A. , Frontini R. , Pereira J. , Clemente JM. 
Published: March 2020

Con el constante aumento de la población femenina en el deporte, se hace importante la concienciación y caracterización de la modalidad en lo que se refiere a la diferencia entre géneros. En este seguimiento, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo comparar las características morfológicas y funcionales entre género masculino (n = 27) y femenino (n = 6) de practicantes de carreras de obstáculos (OCR). Los resultados muestran que, comparando los corredores de ambos sexos, los hombres presentan un IMC (t = 0,135, d = 0,692) y masa corporal (t = 0,001, d = 1,905) ligeramente superiores, siendo que las mujeres presentan más masa grasa t = 0,001, d = 2,541). En cuanto a los aspectos funcionales, los practicantes masculinos obtuvieron valores significativamente superiores de RM en el back squat (t = 0,019; d = 1,120), pull-up (t = 0,001; d = 2,019) y lanzamiento de la bola medicinal (t = 0,001; d) = 3,469) en comparación con las mujeres. Concluyendo que en general los hombres son más resistentes, potentes, rápidos y ágiles, pero con índices de fatiga superiores en comparación con las mujeres.
With the constant increase of the female population in obstacle races in sport it is important to consider possible comparisons with men in terms of physical capacities. Thus, the present study aims to compare the morphological and functional characteristics between male (n = 27) and female (n = 6) of obstacle course running (OCR). The results show that, comparing the runners of both sexes, men have a BMI (t = 0.135, d = 0.692) and body mass (t = 0.001, d = 1.905) slightly higher, with women having more fat mass t = 0.001, d = 2,541). In terms of functional aspects, male practitioners obtained significantly higher values ​​of MRI in the back squat (t = 0.019; d = 1,120), pull-up (t = 0.001; d = 2,019) and throwing of the medicine ball (t = 0.001; d) = 3,469) compared to women. Concluding that in general men are more resistant, powerful, fast and agile, but with higher fatigue rates compared to women.
Teaching Open Science
Authors: Andreassen Helene N. , Lieungh Erik 
Published: March 2020

In this episode, we are discussing how to teach open science to PhD students. Helene N. Andreassen, head of Library Teaching and Learning Support at the University Library of UiT the Arctic University of Norway shares her experiences with the integration of open science in a special, tailor-made course for PhD's that have just started their project. An interdisciplinary, discussion-based course, "Take Control of Your PhD Journey: From (P)reflection to Publishing" consists of a series of seminars on research data management, open access publishing and other subject matters pertaining to open science.
First published online February 26, 2020.
Diabetic Foot Ulceration in a Secondary Health Facility
Authors: Affi Ayuba , Mancha David , Stephen Pam , Ganiyu Amusa , Longwap S. A. 
Published: March 2020

Aims: To determine the prevalence, pattern and presentation of the diabetic foot ulcer.
Background: A diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication in diabetes mellitus and probably the major component of diabetic foot. It occurs in 15% of all patients with diabetes and precedes 84% of all lower leg amputations.
Poverty, low economic status and ignorance have resulted in this devastating disease. It may worsen in the next decade.
There are multiple risk factors that predispose an individual to DM foot ulcer; they include age, gender(male), type of DM, glycaemic (HbA1c) or FBG level, duration of DM (>10yrs) occupational status particular habits of self-foot care and infection.
Patients and Methods: This consists of 69 diabetic patients; male and female included done between the months of January 2019 to March 2019.
A demographic data questionnaire and social history were obtained. Overnight fasting serum glucose was obtained. Serum glucose was determined by enzymatic glucose oxidase method.
Data obtained were subjected to Stata Version 11 Software to determine the graphical representation, mean, standard deviation of the analysis.
Results: Thirty-Five 35 were male and 34 were female had type 2 diabetes. Forty-Three 43 patients had foot ulcer, 21 patients had gangrene and 5 had infection. The number of patients with peak glucose values 10 mmol/L and least glucose at 20-25 mmol/L. Those of duration 4-6 years were the most affected the age group most affected is between 40-59 yrs.
Discussion and Conclusion: Risk factors for foot ulceration discovered among a host other factors identified in this study, were the infection, low socioeconomic status, improper footwear, poor glycaemic control, structural foot deformity and untreated gangrene.
The role of poor glycaemic control in the genesis of diabetic complications cannot be overemphasized as the mean FPG was noted to be considerably higher in patients with foot ulceration As part of a comprehensive foot care programme, education on foot care should be directed at patients, family members and healthcare providers.
Not less than 85% of all diabetic foot-related problems are preventable. This can be achieved through a combination of good care of foot, provided by an inter-professional diabetes care team, and appropriate education for people with diabetes.
A Photoclick Hydrogel for Enhanced Single‐Cell Immunoblotting
Authors: Zhang Ting , Li Shanhe , Warden Antony R. , Ghalandari Behafarid , Li Hongxia , Zhi Xiao , Xie Haiyang , Ding Xianting 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAdvances in single‐cell immunoblotting assays, which facilitate the exploration of cell‐to‐cell variation that affects biological systems from cancer development to stem cell biology, have attracted much attention. A tetrazole‐functionalized photoclick hydrogel is reported for single‐cell proteomic analysis. The gel serves as a molecular sieving matrix for sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a protein immobilization scaffold for in‐gel immunoblotting. Upon a very short time (60 s) of long‐wavelength ultraviolet irradiation, it can effectively capture the electrophoretically separated proteins in the gel for the subsequent in situ antibody incubation. As a proof of concept, its performance is demonstrated in profiling cell‐to‐cell variations of P‐glycoprotein expression in GES‐1/MGC803 cell lines treated with different drugs. Combined with single‐cell immunoblotting method, employing this photoactive gel enables the monitoring simultaneously in ≈2000 individual cells of subtle protein expression level changes that may be concealed using conventional techniques. The proposed gel has the advantages of excellent electrophoretic separation ability, high protein photoimmobilization efficiency, low autofluorescence, and it can be used as a promising photoactive polyacrylamide gel for in‐gel/in situ capillary and microfluidic immunoblotting assays, especially for developing novel single cell immunoblotting methods.
Necroptosis‐Inducible Polymeric Nanobubbles for Enhanced Cancer Sonoimmunotherapy
Authors: Um Wooram , Ko Hyewon , You Dong Gil , Lim Seungho , Kwak Gijung , Shim Man Kyu , Yang Suah , Lee Jeongjin , Song Yeari , Kim Kwangmeyung , Park Jae Hyung 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNecroptosis, caspase‐independent programmed necrosis, has emerged as a therapeutic target to make dying cancer cells stimulants for antitumor immune responses. The clinical translations exploiting necroptosis, however, have been limited since most cancer cells downregulate receptor‐interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) as a key enzyme for necroptosis. Herein, nanobubbles (NBs) that can trigger RIPK3‐independent necroptosis, facilitating cell‐membrane rupture via the acoustic cavitation effect are reported. The NBs, imbibing perfluoropentane as the gas precursor, are prepared using an amphiphilic polymer conjugate, composed of PEGylated carboxymethyl dextran as the hydrophilic backbone and chlorin e6 as the hydrophobic sonosensitizer. When exposed to ultrasound, the NBs efficiently promote the release of biologically active damage‐associated molecular patterns by inducing burst‐mediated cell‐membrane disintegration. Consequently, the necroptosis‐inducible NBs significantly improve antitumor immunity by maturation of dendritic cells and activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the combination of NBs and immune checkpoint blockade leads to complete regression of the primary tumor and beneficial therapeutic activity against metastatic tumors in an RIPK3‐deficient CT26 tumor‐bearing mouse model. Overall, the innovative NB that causes immunogenic cell death of cancer via RIPK3‐independent necroptosis is a promising enhancer for cancer immunotherapy.
Energetic Control of Redox‐Active Polymers toward Safe Organic Bioelectronic Materials
Authors: Giovannitti Alexander , Rashid Reem B. , Thiburce Quentin , Paulsen Bryan D. , Cendra Camila , Thorley Karl , Moia Davide , Mefford J. Tyler , Hanifi David , Weiyuan Du , Moser Maximilian , Salleo Alberto , Nelson Jenny , McCulloch Iain , Rivnay Jonathan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAvoiding faradaic side reactions during the operation of electrochemical devices is important to enhance the device stability, to achieve low power consumption, and to prevent the formation of reactive side‐products. This is particularly important for bioelectronic devices, which are designed to operate in biological systems. While redox‐active materials based on conducting and semiconducting polymers represent an exciting class of materials for bioelectronic devices, they are susceptible to electrochemical side‐reactions with molecular oxygen during device operation. Here, electrochemical side reactions with molecular oxygen are shown to occur during organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) operation using high‐performance, state‐of‐the‐art OECT materials. Depending on the choice of the active material, such reactions yield hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a reactive side‐product, which may be harmful to the local biological environment and may also accelerate device degradation. A design strategy is reported for the development of redox‐active organic semiconductors based on donor–acceptor copolymers that prevents the formation of H2O2 during device operation. This study elucidates the previously overlooked side‐reactions between redox‐active conjugated polymers and molecular oxygen in electrochemical devices for bioelectronics, which is critical for the operation of electrolyte‐gated devices in application‐relevant environments.
Testing row spacing and planting rate for fall‐planted spring canola in the southern United States
Authors: Wynne Kacie , Neely C.B. , Adams Curtis , Kimura Emi , DeLaune P.B. , Hathcoat Daniel , Gerrish Brandon 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCultivar selection, planting rate, and row spacing are key considerations when planting canola (Brassica napus L.) and vary by region. Canola offers a possible solution for producers in Texas and the broader southern region looking for a winter rotational crop, but the lack of data on region‐specific agronomic practices is a roadblock to adoption. Our objective was to identify the optimum row spacing and planting rate to achieve maximum seed and oil yield in fall‐planted spring canola in the southern United States. Replicated studies were conducted at College Station and Perry, TX during the 2017–2018 winter growing season. Treatments included three row spacings (19, 38, and 76 cm), three planting rates (1.7, 3.4, and 5.1 kg ha−1), and two cultivars (HyCLASS 930 and HyCLASS 970). HyCLASS 970 outperformed HyCLASS 930 in all yield and seed parameters except seeds pod−1 and oil content at both locations. While row spacing had no effect on yield at College Station, a 15% reduction in seed and oil yield was observed at the widest row spacing at Perry. A cultivar × planting rate interaction at Perry showed yield declining for HyCLASS 930 as planting rate increased, while HyCLASS 970 showed no response. This suggests rates as low as 1.7 kg ha−1, which is substantially lower than the rate commonly recommended (5.6 kg ha−1), can be used for fall‐planted spring canola. High yield at Perry and lack of freeze damage suggest spring canola may be a good winter rotational crop for the southern United States.
Local anaesthetic toxicity during an awake tracheal intubation course
Authors: Pearson F. , Chiam P. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWe report a case of local anaesthetic toxicity in an anaesthetic trainee participating as a subject for an awake tracheal intubation training course. The trainee experienced symptoms of toxicity despite the dose of lidocaine administered being less than the maximum safe dose recommended for airway topicalisation. We argue this highlights the variability in absorption of local anaesthetic and the importance of safety during awake tracheal intubation training courses. It is essential to use the minimum safe dose of local anaesthetic required during topicalisation for awake tracheal intubation. We have now made it our course policy that participants cannot undergo awake tracheal intubation less than 2 weeks following a period of coryzal illness. We recommend that operators remain vigilant for signs of local anaesthetic toxicity when undertaking this procedure and adhere to newly published Difficult Airway Society awake tracheal intubation guidelines.
Unbridged bidentate aluminum complexes supported by diaroylhydrazone ligands: Synthesis, structure and catalysis in polymerization of ε‐caprolactone and lactides
Authors: Nie Kun , Wang Changan , Cheng Xueli , Li Jikun , Han Yinfeng , Yao Yingming 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of novel diaroylhydrazone aluminum complexes have been synthesized and well‐defined structurally, and their catalytic performance in the polymerization of ε‐caprolactone and lactides have also been evaluated. Complexes [(L1–4)2AlMe] (1–4) {[L1 = (3,5‐tBu2–2‐OMe‐C6H2)CH=NNCOC6H5], [L2 = (3,5‐tBu2–2‐OMe‐C6H2)CH=NNCO(C6H4–4‐OCH3)], [L3 = (3,5‐tBu2–2‐OMe‐C6H2)CH=NNCO(C6H4–4‐Br)] and [L4 = (2‐OMe‐C6H4)CH=NNCO(C6H4–4‐tBu)]} were prepared through treatment of AlMe3 with the corresponding proligands L1–4H in molar ratios of 1: 1 or 1: 2. Chemical structures of all the complexes were well‐defined by elemental analysis, NMR spectra as well as single‐crystal X‐ray study. Complexes [(L1–4)2AlMe] (1–4) in this work represent the first examples of aluminum complexes of aroylhydrazone ligands with crystallographic characterization. Specifically, they are all in monomeric form with a penta‐coordinated aluminum center, including two approximately co‐planar five‐membered metallacycles with aluminum. Introduced bulky tert‐butyl substituents in aroylhydrazone ligands could affect the geometry around the central metal which is a distorted square‐based pyramid in complexes 1–3 while being a trigonal bipyramidal in complex 4, thus affecting their catalytic behaviors. The complexes can successfully catalyze the ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone and L‐lactide under mild conditions without any activator. In addition, complexes 1–4 could also polymerize rac‐lactide, affording atactic polylactides with high conversions and good controllability in relatively short reaction time.
Fabrication of self‐healable, conductive, and ultra‐strong hydrogel from polyvinyl alcohol and grape seed–extracted polymer
Authors: Luo Chunhui , Wei Ning , Sun Xinxin , Luo Faliang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeveloping hydrogels with excellent mechanical performances and multiple functions is challenging. Herein, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and grape seed extracted polymer (GSP) were used to achieve this goal. The hydrogel was firstly cross‐linked by crystalline regions of PVA upon freezing–thawing cycles, it was further immersed in ammonium sulfate (AS) solution to induce the hydrophilic to hydrophobic transition of GSP. The relationship between microstructures and mechanical properties of the obtained PVA–GSP hydrogel was revealed. The results showed that the PVA–GSP precursor hydrogels were weak due to the uneven network and lower cross‐link density. After soaking in ammonium sulfate solution, the network became more dense and uniform because of the hydrophilic to hydrophobic transition of GSP. Meanwhile, frictions between polymer chains increased. As a result, ultra‐strong (tensile stress = 20.5 MPa), antifatigue (>95%), self‐healable (healed stress = 10.0 MPa), and conductive hydrogels were obtained. The strength and toughness of our gel are among top values in literature to date. Furthermore, the swollen gel even after soaking in DI water for 36 hr still maintained tensile strength at the megapascal level, superior to most water‐rich hydrogels. This tough and functional gel might find potential applications in cartilage repair, artificial skin, and sensors.
Enabling automated herbarium sheet image post‐processing using neural network models for color reference chart detection
Authors: Ledesma Dakila A. , Powell Caleb A. , Shaw Joey , Qin Hong 
Published: March 2020

PremiseLarge‐scale efforts to digitize herbaria have resulted in more than 18 million publicly available Plantae images on sites such as iDigBio. The automation of image post‐processing will lead to time savings in the digitization of biological specimens, as well as improvements in data quality. Here, new and modified neural network methodologies were developed to automatically detect color reference charts (CRC), enabling the future automation of various post‐processing tasks.Methods and ResultsWe used 1000 herbarium specimen images from 52 herbaria to test our novel neural network model, ColorNet, which was developed to identify CRCs smaller than 4 cm2, resulting in a 30% increase in accuracy over the performance of other state‐of‐the‐art models such as Faster R‐CNN. For larger CRCs, we propose modifications to Faster R‐CNN to increase inference speed.ConclusionsOur proposed neural networks detect a range of CRCs, which may enable the automation of post‐processing tasks found in herbarium digitization workflows, such as image orientation or white balance correction.
Nonlinear disturbance observer based geometric control of quadrotors
Authors: Sharma Manmohan , Kar Indrani 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a nonlinear disturbance observer based controller (NDOBC) for quadrotors utilizing the rotation matrices for attitude dynamics. The proposed observer does not make the assumption that the disturbance is constant or its upper bound is known. The only assumptions are that the disturbance and its derivatives are bounded and hence can handle constant disturbance as a special case. The proposed disturbance observer can handle large class of disturbances and the NDOBC is shown to be locally input to state stable with respect to the derivatives of the disturbances present in attitude dynamics as well as translational dynamics. The proposed controller as well as the nonlinear disturbance observer has been formulated on the nonlinear manifold SE(3) where the rotational dynamics evolve on SO(3) while the translational dynamics evolve on
. Simulation results as well as implementation on a hardware setup establish the effectiveness of the proposed NDOBC.
Waterborne Illness Sparks Major Water Reform in New Zealand
Authors: Graham Jim 
Published: March 2020

Key TakeawaysFollowing a severe outbreak of campylobacteriosis, a government investigation uncovered numerous failures and shortcomings in the way New Zealand's water supplies were regulated and organized.The current government of New Zealand has established a new national drinking water regulator in the interest of resolving longstanding problems that have put the safety of the country's water supplies at risk.Political and special‐interest obstacles have stymied progress on broad changes; nevertheless, legislative work on ensuring safe drinking water is progressing.
Report Reflects Critical Role of Data and Planning in Water Infrastructure Resilience
Authors: Wallis‐Lage Cindy 
Published: March 2020

Key TakeawaysAs the water industry recognizes the importance of using data to address its most critical challenges, it is faced with a new challenge: how to harness and integrate the data.A survey by Black & Veatch examined water utilities’ strategies in asset management, energy planning, risk and resilience, and aging infrastructure; all are affected by effective use of data.Tapping into the Internet of Water can pave the way for utilities to realize a more holistic approach to how they do business.