bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of telephone vs in‐person genetic counseling in BRCA1/BRCA2 genetic testing
Authors: Bracke Xavier , Roberts Jonathan , McVeigh Terri P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Individuals with identified pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene can benefit from cancer risk‐reducing strategies. In the recent years, there has been an increase in the demand of genetic services. In light of the ongoing COVID19 pandemic, alternatives to face‐to‐face consultations have had to be considered and adopted, including telemedicine. Informed consent is necessary for genetic testing. Studies have suggested that increased levels of cancer‐specific distress may impair the patient's ability to retain information, therefore, providing informed consent. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to answer if telephone genetic counseling for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing is non‐inferior to in‐person genetic counseling for the outcomes of cancer‐specific distress and genetic knowledge. Databases of Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SciELO, Web of Science, CENTRAL, ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Database, Clinicaltrials.gov, EU clinical trials register were accessed to identify any published or unpublished relevant literature. Random‐effects models were used for the meta‐analysis. Four studies were included in the qualitative synthesis of the results. Three studies were included in the quantitative synthesis of the results. Telephone genetic counseling was non‐inferior compared to in‐person genetic counseling for the outcomes of cancer‐specific distress and genetic knowledge. Sensitivity analysis corroborated the main results. Telephone genetic counseling for BRCA1/BRCA2 genetic testing may be an alternative model of delivering genetic services in front of the increased demand/or when required by social context. However, the paucity of the evidence prevents from drawing strong conclusions regarding the generalizability of these results. Further research is needed to strengthen the conclusions.
Tropical cyclone movement features in the western North Pacific region based on multi‐dimensional statistical analyses
Authors: Meng Wenjian , Liu Haijiang , Yang Mingzhe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn order to protect and mitigate the disaster caused by tropical cyclone (TC) in the western North Pacific (WNP) region, further understandings of the characteristics of historical TCs are important. In this study, multi‐dimensional statistical analyses are carried out to reveal the TC movement features in the WNP. Two representative TC datasets provided by China Meteorological Administration (CMA) and Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) are used to investigate the historical TC properties in the WNP covering a time duration from 1951 to 2018. TC movement features generally show the great consistency with respect to these two datasets. Based on the regional (zero‐dimensional analysis) and zonally averaged (one‐dimensional analysis) results, it is found that TCs move northwest with a small velocity at low latitudes, whereas they tend to drift northeast with a large velocity at high latitudes. The recurvature occurs near 25°N where the direction of zonal drift velocity reverses. Applying the bivariate normal distribution method (quasi‐two‐dimensional analysis), the randomness of the zonal component is found to be generally greater than that of the meridional component. Accordingly, relevant attentions, rather than universal ones, should be paid to forecast the TC movement in different regions. Regarding the complete two‐dimensional analysis, it is found that compared with other areas, TCs have a smaller magnitude of drift velocity but stronger intensity with higher passage frequencies in the area enclosed by 10–25°N and 110–140°E, where significant TC‐induced disasters are prone to occur, resulting in a serious threat to the safety of human beings and local societies.
Meta‐analyzing count events over varying durations using the piecewise Poisson model: The case for poststroke seizures
Authors: Wang Wei‐Jhih , Devine Beth , Bansal Aasthaa , White H. Steve , Basu Anirban 
Published: November 2020

Meta‐analyzing count data can be challenging when follow‐up time varies across studies. Simply pooling aggregate data over time‐periods would result in biased estimates, which may erroneously inform clinical decision‐making. In this study, we exploit the convolution property of the Poisson distribution to develop a likelihood for observed cumulative counts over varying follow‐up periods, where different Poisson distributions are used to represent the data generating processes for the latent counts in pre‐defined successive intervals of follow‐up. We illustrate this approach using an example of poststroke seizures, a case in which risk may change over time, and mimic its survival duration with time‐varying hazard. Data were extracted from observational studies (1997‐2016) reporting poststroke seizures over a maximum of 10 years of follow‐up. Three clinically meaningful follow‐up time intervals were considered: 0 to 7 days, 8 to 365 days, and 1 to 10 years poststroke. External validation was performed using claims data. Results suggest the incidence rate of seizures was 0.0452 (95% confidence interval: 0.0429, 0.0475), 0.0001 (0, 0.016), and 0.0647 (0.0441, 0.0941) for the three time intervals, respectively, indicating that the risk of seizures changes over time poststroke. We found that the model performed well against the incidence rate of seizures among actual retrospective cohort from claims data. The piecewise Poisson model presents a flexible way to meta‐analyze count data over time and mimic survival curves. The results of the piecewise Poisson model are readily interpretable and may spur meaningful clinical action. The method may also be applied to other diseases.Highlights
It is challenging to perform a meta‐analysis when follow‐up time varies across studies. Ideally, outcomes over different time‐periods should be pooled with individual patient‐level data (IPD).
A new model was developed to meta‐analyze count data over time using aggregate‐level data from previous published studies.
The piecewise Poisson model could be a useful tool to estimate time‐vary hazards given available data, and mimic survival curves over time which would be readily interpretable.
Alternative weighting schemes when performing matching‐adjusted indirect comparisons
Authors: Jackson Dan , Rhodes Kirsty , Ouwens Mario 
Published: November 2020

Methods for indirect comparisons and network meta‐analysis use aggregate level data from multiple studies. A very common, and closely related, scenario is where a company has individual patient data (IPD) from its own trial, but only has published aggregate data from a competitor's trial, and an indirect comparison of the treatments evaluated in these two trials is required. Matching‐Adjusted Indirect Comparison (MAIC) has been developed for this situation, where we use the available IPD to adjust for between‐trial imbalances in the distributions of observed baseline covariates between the two trials. We extend the current MAIC methodology, where we compute the weights that satisfy the conventional method of moments and result in the largest possible effective sample size (ESS). We show that the approach proposed by Zubizarreta in a previous study can be used for this purpose. We derive a new analytical result that shows why this alternative approach provides a larger ESS than a conventional MAIC. We also derive a new formula for the maximum ESS that can be achieved, even when permitting negative weights, when adjusting for one covariate. This can be used as an easily computed new metric that quantifies the difficulty in adjusting for covariates.
What is already known: MAIC is an established way to perform population adjustment in the situation where IPD is available from one trial but only aggregate level data is available from another trial, and an indirect comparison is required. However the effective sample size (ESS) can be small after making the adjustment.
What is new: We show that an alternative method can result in a larger ESS. We provide new analytical results showing why this is the case. We derive a new descriptive statistic that is based on maximising the ESS that quantifies the difficulties in adjusting for particular covariates.
Potential impact for RSM readers outside the authors' field: Reweighting methods for population adjustment are becoming more commonly used and their implications for research synthesis methodology is now considerable. This paper provides important new links between the theoretical literature, and the more applied research synthesis methodology literature, relating to this topic.
Das periodische System und die Evolution des chemischen Raums
Authors: Restrepo Guillermo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMeyer und Mendelejew ordneten und klassifizierten im 19. Jahrhundert die Elemente nach chemischen Verbindungen. Wenn Chemiker jetzt immer mehr Verbindungen synthetisieren und charakterisieren, sollte ein Periodensystem dann nicht irgendwann ganz anders aussehen?
Elektronische Resonanzzustände – warum die Energie komplex sein kann, Trendbericht Theoretische Chemie 2020, Teil 1
Authors: Jagau Thomas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBedingt durch die steigende Relevanz elektronischer Resonanzen gewinnen nichthermitesche Me‐thoden zunehmende Bedeutung für die Quantenchemie. Außerdem: Da magnetische Wechselwirkungen jenseits des Ferromagnetismus komplex sein können, ist ein Verständnis für die zugrundeliegenden physikalischen Prinzipien und chemischen Konzepte zu entwickeln. Dabei helfen beispielsweise Dichtefunktionaltheorie und Multireferenzmethoden. Und um die Spinzustände zu analysieren, die aus magnetischer Kopplung entstehen, eignen sich etwa Orbitalentropiemaße.
Biochemikerin trifft Mikrobiologin
Authors: Osterath Brigitte , Leusmann Eliza , Zbikowski Frauke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDie Französin Emmanuelle Charpentier und die US‐Amerikanerin Jennifer A. Doudna haben das Crispr‐Cas‐System erforscht und zu einem universell einsetzbaren Gentechnikwerkzeug weiter entwickelt. Dafür erhalten sie nun den Chemienobelpreis. Schlüssel zum Erfolg war die Kooperation zwischen zwei Frauen, die ihre Fachgebiete zusammenfügten.
FDA Approval Summary: Rucaparib for the Treatment of Patients with Deleterious BRCA-Mutated Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anscher Mitchell S. , Chang Elaine , Gao Xin , Gong Yutao , Weinstock Chana , Bloomquist Erik , Adeniyi Oluseyi , Charlab Rosane , Zimmerman Sarah , Serlemitsos-Day Maritsa , Ning Yang Min , Mayrosh Ruth , Fuller Barbara , Trentacosti Ann Marie , Gallagher Pamela , Bijwaard Karen , Philip Reena , Ghosh Soma , Fahnbulleh Frances , Diggs Felicia , Arora Shaily , Goldberg Kirsten B. , Tang Shenghui , Amiri-Kordestani Laleh , Pazdur Richard , Ibrahim Amna , Beaver Julia A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to rucaparib in May 2020 for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious BRCA mutation (germline and/or somatic)-associated metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who have been treated with androgen receptor-directed therapy and a taxane. This approval was based on data from the ongoing multicenter, open-label single-arm trial TRITON2. The primary endpoint, confirmed objective response rate, in the 62 patients who met the above criteria, was 44% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31%–57%). The median duration of response was not estimable (95% CI: 6.4 to not estimable). Fifty-six percent of patients had a response duration of &gt;6 months and 15% &gt;12 months. The safety profile of rucaparib was generally consistent with that of the class of poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase enzyme inhibitors and other trials of rucaparib in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Deaths due to adverse events (AEs) occurred in 1.7% of patients, and 8% discontinued rucaparib because of an AE. Grade 3–4 AEs occurred in 59% of patients. No patients with prostate cancer developed myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia. The trial TRITON3 in patients with mCRPC is ongoing and is planned to verify the clinical benefit of rucaparib in mCRPC. This article summarizes the FDA thought process and data supporting this accelerated approval.

Implications for Practice
The accelerated approval of rucaparib for the treatment of adult patients with deleterious BRCA mutation (germline and/or somatic)-associated metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer who have been treated with androgen receptor-directed therapy and a taxane represents the first approved therapy for this selected patient population. This approval was based on a single-arm trial demonstrating a confirmed objective response rate greater than that of available therapy with a favorable duration of response and an acceptable toxicity profile. The ongoing trial TRITON3 is verifying the clinical benefit of this drug.
Tacrolimus intrapatient variability in solid organ transplantation: A multiorgan perspective
Authors: Schumacher Lauren , Leino Abbie D. , Park Jeong M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTacrolimus therapy in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients is challenging due to its narrow therapeutic window and pharmacokinetic variability both between patients and within a single patient. Intrapatient variability (IPV) of tacrolimus trough concentrations has become a novel marker of interest for predicting transplant outcomes. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the association of tacrolimus IPV with graft and patient outcomes and identify interventions to improve IPV in SOT recipients.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed and Embase from database inception to September 20, 2020. Studies were eligible only if they evaluated an association between tacrolimus IPV and transplant outcomes. Both pediatric and adult studies were included. Measures of variability were limited to standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and time in therapeutic range.ResultsForty‐four studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were published between 2008 and 2020 and were observational in nature. Majority of data were published in adult kidney transplant recipients and identified an association with rejection, de novo donor specific antibody (dnDSA) formation, graft loss, and patient survival. Evaluation of IPV‐directed interventions was limited to small preliminary studies.ConclusionsHigh tacrolimus IPV has been associated with poor outcomes including acute rejection, dnDSA formation, graft loss, and patient mortality in SOT recipients. Future research should prospectively explore IPV‐directed interventions to improve transplant outcomes.
Severe pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with respiratory failure treated by intrapulmonary percussive ventilation
Authors: Tashiro Takahiro , Tomita Yusuke , Inaba Megumi , Hayashi Kumiko , Hirata Naomi , Sakagami Takuro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by abnormal accumulation of surfactant in the alveoli. Whole lung lavage (WLL) is the standard treatment for severe autoimmune PAP (aPAP); however, it is highly invasive. Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is a non‐invasive technique that delivers small bursts of high‐flow respiratory gas into the lung and mobilizes secretions. As IPV is beneficial for chronic respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis to reduce sputum, it was hypothesized that IPV will ameliorate aPAP by mobilizing and removing accumulated surfactant and foamy macrophages. Here, we report the case of a 52‐year‐old female with severe aPAP and progressive respiratory failure. She received intermittent IPV therapy for six months and thereby showed improvement in assessments of chest computed tomography (CT), lung function, and oxygenation. We suggest that IPV should be used as an alternative therapy for patients with aPAP and respiratory failure.
Open versus laparoscopic versus robotic gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumour resections: A multicentre cohort study
Authors: Solaini Leonardo , Cavaliere Davide , Fico Valeria , Milone Marco , De Pascale Stefano , Desiderio Jacopo , Vitali Giulia , Parisi Amilcare , Fumagalli Romario Uberto , De Palma Giovanni Domenico , D'Ugo Domenico , Ercolani Giorgio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo present the outcomes of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) resection from five Italian centres, focussing the analysis on the comparison among open (OG), laparoscopic (LG) and robotic (RG) approaches.MethodsAll consecutive gastric wedge resections for GIST between 2009 and 2019 were included.ResultsIn total 101 (OG = 14, LG = 63 and RG = 24) were included. No differences were seen in the preoperative characteristics among the groups. Robotic procedures were longer (RG 180 min vs. LG 100 vs. OG 110; p < 0.0001). Time‐to‐first flatus and length of hospital stay were significantly longer in the OG group. Complication rates were similar among the groups. A sub‐analysis on minimally invasive (RG = 19 vs. LG = 20) wedge resections and hand/robot‐sewn suture showed that operative time was longer in the RGs (p = 0.007). No conversions were recorded in the RG group versus three in the LG group (p = 0.231). Safety‐related factors were similar.ConclusionsGastric GIST can be safely treated with a minimally invasive approach which is also associated with improved postoperative outcomes.
Technological choices under uncertainty: Does organizational aspiration matter?
Authors: Dong John Qi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryThe behavioral theory of the firm suggests that organizations make strategic choices to retain or search for a technology based on performance feedback in comparison to organizational aspiration. Such technological choices become challenging as decision makers face uncertainty not only in technological search, but also from technology deterioration and market turbulence. While different organizational aspirations have been used in prior research, their performance and risk implications for technological choices are unclear. I advance theory by conducting a simulation study to systematically investigate the performance and risk of technological choices with different organizational aspirations, and explore their contingencies on technological and market uncertainty. The simulation results provide novel insights into the indispensable role of goal setting to ascertain organizational performance.Managerial SummaryGoal setting has important impacts on the performance and risk of strategic decisions. While it is often believed that processing more information can help managers cope with uncertainty, this study shows that paying attention to both internal and external performance goals may be suboptimal for technological choices. Solely relying on an internal performance goal may even do more harm than good. A superior way of goal setting is to focus on external performance information from a reasonable reference group, such as firms with a similar performance or all industry peers rather than the best‐in‐class in the industry. This is more beneficial when technologies rapidly change and is less useful when customer preferences shift due to unpredictable shocks (e.g., the COVID‐19 pandemic).
Removal of lead ions in an aqueous solution by living and modified Aspergillus niger
Authors: Xu Hui , Hao Ruixia , Yang Shiqin , Xu Xiyang , Lu Anhuai , Li Yinhuang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAn indigenous lead‐tolerant fungal strain was isolated from lead‐contaminated soil and identified as Aspergillus niger, via 18S rRNA gene sequencing. We determined the adsorption and accumulation of Pb(II) by living A. niger and the adsorption of Pb(II) via modified A. niger. This strain resisted and removed 96.21%–100% Pb(II) ranging from 2 to 8 mmol/L Pb(II). Pb‐containing particles were observed outside of the cell, and lead was detected inside the cell under scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The process of measuring the adsorption ability of modified fungal biomass, freeze‐dried, high‐temperature, and alkali‐treated fungal samples was analyzed; they adsorbed 25.02%, 8.76%, and 15.05% Pb(II) under 8 mmol/L Pb(II) in 43, 10, and 10 hr, respectively. These three types of modified A. niger fit the pseudo‐second‐order model equation well.Practitioner points

Isolation and identification of effective Pb(II) removal strain from the soil around Dexing lead‐zinc mine.

The ability of living and modified Aspergillus niger to remove Pb(II) in an aqueous environment was evaluated.

Lead distributions inside and outside the cell were analyzed by SEM and TEM.

Kinetic models for modified biomass adsorbing Pb(II) were made for describing adsorption process.
Thermo-mechano-chemical modeling and computation of thermosetting polymers used in post-installed fastening systems in concrete structures
Authors: Abali Bilen Emek , Vorel Jan , Wan-Wendner Roman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs thermoset polymers find frequent implementation in engineering design, their application in structural engineering is rather limited. One key reason relies on the ongoing curing process in typical applications such as post-installed adhesive anchors, joints by structural elements or surface-mounted laminates glued by adhesive polymers. Mechanochemistry including curing and aging under thermal as well as mechanical loading causes a multiphysics problem to be discussed. For restricting the variety of material models based on empirical observations, we aim at a thermodynamically sound strategy for modeling thermosets. By providing a careful analysis and clearly identifying the assumptions and simplifications, we present the general framework for modeling and computational implementation of thermo-mechano-chemical processes by using open-source codes.
Noninvasive, longitudinal imaging-based analysis of body adipose tissue and water composition in a melanoma mouse model and in immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated metastatic melanoma patients
Authors: Thaiss Wolfgang M. , Gatidis Sergios , Sartorius Tina , Machann Jürgen , Peter Andreas , Eigentler Thomas K. , Nikolaou Konstantin , Pichler Bernd J. , Kneilling Manfred 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
As cancer cachexia (CC) is associated with cancer progression, early identification would be beneficial. The aim of this study was to establish a workflow for automated MRI-based segmentation of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and lean tissue water (LTW) in a B16 melanoma animal model, monitor diseases progression and transfer the protocol to human melanoma patients for therapy assessment.

Methods
For in vivo monitoring of CC B16 melanoma-bearing and healthy mice underwent longitudinal three-point DIXON MRI (days 3, 12, 17 after subcutaneous tumor inoculation). In a prospective clinical study, 18 metastatic melanoma patients underwent MRI before, 2 and 12 weeks after onset of checkpoint inhibitor therapy (CIT; n = 16). We employed an in-house MATLAB script for automated whole-body segmentation for detection of VAT, SCAT and LTW.

Results
B16 mice exhibited a CC phenotype and developed a reduced VAT volume compared to baseline (B16 − 249.8 µl, − 25%; controls + 85.3 µl, + 10%, p = 0.003) and to healthy controls. LTW was increased in controls compared to melanoma mice. Five melanoma patients responded to CIT, 7 progressed, and 6 displayed a mixed response. Responding patients exhibited a very limited variability in VAT and SCAT in contrast to others. Interestingly, the LTW was decreased in CIT responding patients (− 3.02% ± 2.67%; p = 0.0034) but increased in patients with progressive disease (+ 1.97% ± 2.19%) and mixed response (+ 4.59% ± 3.71%).

Conclusion
MRI-based segmentation of fat and water contents adds essential additional information for monitoring the development of CC in mice and metastatic melanoma patients during CIT or other treatment approaches.