bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular RNA CirCHIPK3 promotes cell proliferation and invasion of breast cancer by sponging miR‐193a/HMGB1/PI3K/AKT axis
Authors: Chen Zhen‐Gang , Zhao Hong‐Jie , Lin Ling , Liu Jin‐Bo , Bai Jing‐Zhen , Wang Guang‐Shun 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore the potential mechanism of circular RNA (circRNA) CirCHIPK3 on the malignant proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer (BC).MethodsHuman BC samples and their matched normal adjacent tissues were obtained from 50 patients to assess the expression of CirCHIPK3 and its relationship with BC prognosis. A series of in vitro and in vivo functional experiments were carried out to elucidate the role of CirCHIPK3 in BC progression and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Moreover, the interaction of CirCHIPK3, miR‐193a, and HMGB1 was examined using bioinformatics, FISH, RIP, RNA‐pull down and luciferase reporter assays. Western blot analysis was performed to examine the expression of HMGB1, p‐PI3K, total PI3K, p‐AKT, and AKT after si‐CirCHIPK3 transfection.ResultsUpregulation of CirCHIPK3 was identified in BC, which predicted a worse prognosis in BC patients. Furthermore, it was found that CirCHIPK3 facilitated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in BC by regulating miR‐193a/HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signaling. CirCHIPK3 acted as a sponge for miR‐193a to facilitate HMGB1 expression. si‐CirCHIPK3 also inhibited tumor growth of BC in nude mice. si‐CircCHIPK3 decreased HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signal expression in MDA‐MB‐231 cells, whereas overexpression of CircCHIPK3 enhanced HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signal.ConclusionsCirCHIPK3 regulated miR‐193a/HMGB1/PI3K/AKT signaling to facilitate BC development and progression, providing a novel therapeutic target for BC.
The assessment of the optimal number of examined lymph nodes and prognostic models based on lymph nodes for predicting survival outcome in patients with stage N3b gastric cancer
Authors: Guo Shuai , Shang Muyan , Dong Zhe , Zhang Jun , Wang Yue , Zhao Yan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal number of examined lymph nodes (ELNs) and the prognostic value of different nodal staging systems remain unclear in the context of N3b gastric cancer.AimTo evaluate the optimal number of ELNs and compare the predictive ability of the ELN number, LN ratio (LNR), and log odds of metastatic LNs (LODDS) for overall survival (OS) in patients with resected stage N3b gastric adenocarcinoma in an international database.MethodsA total of 868 patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (training cohort) and 144 patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2016 at the Liaoning Cancer Hospital (validation cohort) were identified. Cutoff values were established with X‐tile. The 5‐year OS rates were compared using Kaplan‐Meier curves. Multivariate analysis was conducted with a Cox regression model. The Harrell's concordance index and Akaike's information criterion were used to compare the predictive accuracy of different nodal staging systems.ResultsThe ELN number, LNR, and LODDS were independent prognostic factors for both the training and validation cohorts in the multivariate analysis. Patient with ≤26 ELNs, LNR of more than 0.9, and LODDS of more than 1.0 were associated with decrease OS. The LNR and LODDS had similar discriminatory ability for OS and performed better than the ELN number in the Eastern and Western populations.ConclusionThe optimal number of ELN may be 27 or more because LNs retrieved ≤26 was an independent risk factor for the prognosis. The prognostic prediction efficacy of LNR and LODDS was similar and better than that of ELN. Thus, LNR and LODDS could both serve as valid tools to predict OS for stage N3b patients.
Is temporal muscle thickness a survival predictor in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme?
Authors: Yesil Cinkir Havva , Colakoglu Er Hale 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. In this study, we aimed to show the relationship between temporal muscle thickness (TMT) measurement and survival in newly diagnosed patients with GBM.MethodsForty‐seven patients with newly diagnosed GBM were evaluated, retrospectively. TMT at diagnosis of GBM before any surgical procedure was measured on the contrast‐enhanced axial longitudinal relaxation time
(T1)‐weighted magnetic resonance images. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed by the Kaplan‐Meier method and log‐rank test was used to determine the differences between the groups. The median TMT was used to determine the cutoff point.ResultsThe median TMT was 4.7 mm (range, 2.8‐6.6) in females and 5.4 mm (range, 2.9‐8.1) in males. Median survival for TMT < 4.9 mm was 12.9 ± 3.5 (95% CI, 6.0‐19.8) months, and 39.4 ± 11.9 (95% CI, 16.0‐62.8) months for TMT ≥ 4.9 (P = .023). In the multivariate Cox regression model, the TMT group (Hazard ratio [HR] = 2.07, 95% CI, 0.92‐4.61, P = .032) and age group (HR = 2.18, 95% CI, 1.01‐4.67, P = .014) showed statistically significant difference.ConclusionTMT is not an independent predictor of response but a predictor of sarcopenia and survival in newly diagnosed GBM. TMT measurement is an easy and practical method. Survival prediction will provide useful information in GBM patients having poor prognosis.
National and provincial population‐based incidence and mortality of skin cancer in Iran; 1990–2016
Authors: Sobhani Soheila , Masinaei Masoud , Fattahi Nima , Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi , Naderimagham Shohreh , Rezaei Negar , Fateh Sahar Mohammadi , Madadi Zahra , Ahmadi Naser , Roshani Shahin , Khalilabad Mahtab Rouhifard , Kompani Farzad , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeTo estimate the national and provincial estimates of incidence, mortality and burden of skin cancer in Iran from 1990 to 2016.MethodsThe data for incidence and mortality rates were collected from the National and Subnational Burden of Diseases (NASBOD) project. We employed a two‐stage spatiotemporal model to estimate cancer incidence based on sex, age, province and year. The national and subnational age and gender specific trends were calculated from 1990 to 2016. Mortality‐to‐incidence ratio (MIR) was considered as an indicator of cancer care quality.ResultsAt the national level, the age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of skin cancer decreased 1.29 times, from 23.6 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 17.1–31.1) per 100 000 persons in 1990 to 18.2 (95% UI, 15.8–20.6) in 2016; a similar trend was seen in both males and females. The highest ASIR was seen in 2000. National estimates of the age standardized mortality rate (ASMR) steadily decreased from 2.8 per 100 000 persons (95% UI, 1.9–4.1) in 1990 to 0.2 (95% UI, 0.1–0.3) per 100 000 persons in 2015. The MIR decreased continuously from 1990 to 2015 in all provinces and among both genders. The age standardized rate of years of life lost also decreased 8.7 times, from 30.1 (95% UI, 20.2–45.1) in 1990 to 3.5 (95% UI, 2.3–5.3) in 2015.ConclusionsDuring the study period, skin cancer ASIR, ASMR and burden steadily decreased among the Iranian population. The declining MIR for all provinces from 1990 to 2015 was a proxy of early detection and high‐quality medical care for skin cancer in Iran. These results can be beneficial to policymakers and health planners to make correct decisions and determine proper resource allocation.
Efficacy and safety of treatment with omalizumab for chronic spontaneous urticaria: A systematic review for the EAACI Biologicals Guidelines
Authors: Agache Ioana , Rocha Claudio , Pereira Ana , Song Yang , Alonso‐Coello Pablo , Solà Ivan , Beltran Jessica , Posso Margarita , Akdis Cezmi A. , Akdis Mubeccel , Brockow Knut , Chivato Tomas , del Giacco Stefano , Eiwegger Thomas , Eyerich Kilian , Giménez‐Arnau Ana , Gutermuth Jan , Guttman‐Yassky Emma , Maurer Marcus , Ogg Graham , Ong Peck , O’Mahony Liam , Schwarze Jürgen , Werfel Thomas , Canelo‐Aybar Carlos , Palomares Oscar , Jutel Marek 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of omalizumab for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs. Critical and important CSU‐related outcomes were considered. The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using GRADE. Ten RCTs including 1620 subjects aged 12 to 75 years old treated with omalizumab for 16 to 40 weeks were evaluated. Omalizumab 150 mg does not result in clinically meaningful improvement (high certainty) of the urticaria activity score (UAS)7 (mean difference (MD) −5; 95%CI −7.75 to −2.25), and the itch severity score (ISS)7 (MD −2.15; 95% CI −3.2 to −1.1) does not increase (moderate certainty) quality of life (QoL) (Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI); MD −2.01; 95%CI −3.22 to −0.81) and decreases (moderate certainty) rescue medication use (MD −1.68; 95%CI −2.95 to −0.4). Omalizumab 300 mg results in clinically meaningful improvements (moderate certainty) of the UAS7 (MD −11.05; 95%CI −12.87 to −9.24), the ISS7 (MD −4.45; 95%CI −5.39 to −3.51), and QoL (high certainty) (DLQI; MD −4.03; 95% CI −5.56 to −2.5) and decreases (moderate certainty) rescue medication use (MD −2.04; 95%CI −3.19 to −0.88) and drug‐related serious AEs (RR 0.77; 95%CI 0.20 to 2.91).
Impact of diet and the bacterial microbiome on the mucous barrier and immune disorders
Authors: Alemao Charlotte A. , Budden Kurtis F. , Gomez Henry M. , Rehman Saima F. , Marshall Jacqueline E. , Shukla Shakti D. , Donovan Chantal , Forster Samuel C. , Yang Ian A. , Keely Simon , Mann Elizabeth R. , El Omar Emad M. , Belz Gabrielle T. , Hansbro Philip M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of chronic immune and metabolic disorders is increasing rapidly. In particular, inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, diabetes, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have become major healthcare and economic burdens worldwide. Recent advances in microbiome research have led to significant discoveries of associative links between alterations in the microbiome and health, as well as these chronic supposedly noncommunicable, immune/metabolic disorders. Importantly, the interplay between diet, microbiome and the mucous barrier in these diseases has gained significant attention. Diet modulates the mucous barrier via alterations in gut microbiota, resulting in either disease onset/exacerbation due to a “poor” diet or protection against disease with a “healthy” diet. In addition, many mucosa‐associated disorders possess a specific gut microbiome fingerprint associated with the composition of the mucous barrier, which is further influenced by host‐microbiome and inter‐microbial interactions, dietary choices, microbe immigration and antimicrobials. Our review focuses on the interactions of diet (macronutrients and micronutrients), gut microbiota and mucous barriers (gastrointestinal and respiratory tract) and their importance in the onset and/or progression of major immune/metabolic disorders. We also highlight the key mechanisms that could be targeted therapeutically to prevent and/or treat these disorders.
Cholesterol and oxysterol sulfates: Pathophysiological roles and analytical challenges
Authors: Sanchez Lorena Diaz , Pontini Lorenzo , Marinozzi Maura , Sanchez‐Aranguren Lissette Carolina , Reis Ana , Dias Irundika H.K. 
Published: August 2020

Cholesterol and oxysterol sulfates are important regulators of lipid metabolism, inflammation, cell apoptosis, and cell survival. Among the sulfate‐based lipids, cholesterol sulfate (CS) is the most studied lipid both quantitatively and functionally. Despite the importance, very few studies have analysed and linked the actions of oxysterol sulfates to their physiological and pathophysiological roles. Overexpression of sulfotransferases confirmed the formation of a range of oxysterol sulfates and their antagonistic effects on liver X receptors (LXRs) prompting further investigations how are the changes to oxysterol/oxysterol sulfate homeostasis can contribute to LXR activity in the physiological milieu. Here, we aim to bring together for novel roles of oxysterol sulfates, the available techniques and the challenges associated with their analysis. Understanding the oxysterol/oxysterol sulfate levels and their pathophysiological mechanisms could lead to new therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Oxysterols, Lifelong Health and Therapeutics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.16/issuetoc
The Developing Bodily Self: How Posture Constrains Body Representation in Childhood
Authors: Gottwald Janna M. , Bird Laura‐Ashleigh , Keenaghan Samantha , Diamond Clare , Zampieri Eliana , Tosodduk Haleema , Bremner Andrew J. , Cowie Dorothy 
Published: August 2020

Adults’ body representation is constrained by multisensory information and knowledge of the body such as its possible postures. This study (N = 180) tested for similar constraints in children. Using the rubber hand illusion with adults and 6‐ to 7‐year olds, we measured proprioceptive drift (an index of hand localization) and ratings of felt hand ownership. The fake hand was either congruent or incongruent with the participant’s own. Across ages, congruency of posture and visual–tactile congruency yielded greater drift toward the fake hand. Ownership ratings were higher with congruent visual–tactile information, but unaffected by posture. Posture constrains body representation similarly in children and adults, suggesting that children have sensitive, robust mechanisms for maintaining a sense of bodily self.
The relationship between human coronaviruses, asthma and allergy—An unresolved dilemma
Authors: Chałubiński Maciej , Gajewski Adrian , Kowalski Marek L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHuman coronaviruses (HCoVs) such as HCoV‐229E or OC43 are responsible for mild upper airway infections, whereas highly pathogenic HCoVs, including SARS‐CoV, MERS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2, often evoke acute, heavy pneumonias. They tend to induce immune responses based on interferon and host inflammatory cytokine production and promotion of T1 immune profile. Less is known about their effect on T2‐type immunity. Unlike human rhinoviruses (HRV) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), HCoVs are not considered as a dominant risk factor of severe exacerbations of asthma, mostly T2‐type chronic inflammatory disease. The relationship between coronaviruses and T2‐type immunity, especially in asthma and allergy, is not well understood. This review aims to summarize currently available knowledge about the relationship of HCoVs, including novel SARS‐CoV‐2, with asthma and allergic inflammation.
Does the presence of an intact primary increase the risk of nonelective colorectal surgery in patients treated with bevacizumab?
Authors: Baxter N. N. , Sutradhar R. , Dossa F. , Fu L. , Rochon P. , Wei A. C. , Kennedy E. D. , Earle C. C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimIn patients with incurable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), resection of the primary tumour is debated; however, patients with intact primaries may be at a higher risk of complications requiring surgery when receiving treatment with bevacizumab. Our aim was to estimate the risk of nonelective colorectal surgery in patients undergoing bevacizumab therapy for mCRC and evaluate the association between intact primary tumours and risk of nonelective surgery.MethodWe designed a population‐based, retrospective cohort study using administrative and cancer registry data in Ontario, Canada. We included patients with mCRC who received bevacizumab from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2014. The primary outcome was nonelective colorectal surgery after initiation of bevacizumab. We determined the cumulative incidence of nonelective colorectal surgery among patients with previously resected and unresected primaries, accounting for the competing risk of death. We explored the relationship between previous resection of the primary and need for nonelective surgery using a cause‐specific hazards model, controlling for patient, tumour and treatment factors.ResultsWe identified 1840 (32.7%) patients with intact primaries and 3784 (67.3%) patients with prior resection. The cumulative incidence of nonelective surgery 1 year after initiating bevacizumab for all patients was 3.9% (95% CI 3.4–4.5%). One‐year cumulative incidence was higher in those with intact primaries than in those with resected primaries (6.1% vs 2.9%, P < 0.0001). After adjustment, an intact primary remained strongly associated with nonelective colorectal surgery (hazard ratio = 2.89, 95% CI 2.32–3.61; P < 0.0001).ConclusionBevacizumab is associated with a low but meaningful risk for serious gastrointestinal complications, necessitating vigilance, particularly among patients with an intact primary tumour.
Clinical features and treatments of transient acantholytic dermatosis (Grover’s disease): a systematic review
Authors: Bellinato Francesco , Maurelli Martina , Gisondi Paolo , Girolomoni Giampiero 
Published: August 2020

SummaryGrover's disease (GD) is an itchy acantholytic disorder occurring on the trunk of middle‐aged men. Based on the best evidence, this study aimed to provide a summary of the clinical characteristics, disease course and treatments of GD. A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines for original articles published between 01.01.1970–08.15.2019, assessing clinical features and/or any type of intervention for GD. A total of 263 articles were retrieved, and 116 original reports that were deemed relevant and satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the analysis (88 case reports, 26 case series and two retrospective reviews). From these articles, 317 patients were identified, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 3.95. The mean age was 59 years (range 11–92). Typical lesions were itchy papules and vesicle‐papules, generally located on the trunk. Spontaneous resolution within one week to eight months was described in 42 % of cases. Topical corticosteroids (TCSs) were the most frequent treatment (response rate of 70 %) followed by systemic retinoids and corticosteroids with response rates of 86 % and 64 %, respectively. According to the results of this review, TCS appears to be the most frequently employed treatment, and we suggest TCS as first‐line therapy. Second‐line treatments could include systemic retinoids or systemic corticosteroids.
How do independent directors view corporate social responsibility (CSR)? Evidence from a quasi‐natural experiment
Authors: Chintrakarn Pandej , Jiraporn Pornsit , Tong Shenghui , Jiraporn Napatsorn , Proctor Richard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe investigate how independent directors view corporate social responsibility (CSR). Exploiting the passage of the Sarbanes‐Oxley (SOX) Act and the associated exchange listing requirements as an exogenous regulatory shock, we document that independent directors view CSR activities unfavorably. In particular, firms forced to raise board independence reduce CSR engagement significantly relative to those not required to increase board independence. Our results are consistent with the risk‐mitigation view and the agency cost hypothesis where managers over‐invest in CSR to mitigate their own exposure to nonsystematic risk. The over‐investments in CSR are curbed in the presence of a stronger, more independent, board of directors. Several robustness checks confirm the results, including fixed‐effects and random‐effects regressions, dynamic panel data analysis, instrumental‐variable analysis, propensity score matching, Lewbel's heteroscedastic identification, and Oster's method for coefficient stability. We also confirm the risk‐mitigation hypothesis by showing that CSR activities reduce firm risk significantly. Our research design is much less vulnerable to endogeneity and is therefore likely to show a causal effect of board independence on CSR.
Active transportation indicators and establishing baseline in a developing country context: A study of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Authors: Jamal Shaila , Mohiuddin Hossain 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper shares the findings of an active transportation (AT) study conducted in the context of a city in a developing country. First, a list of AT indicators was developed based on the literature review and expert opinion survey. Second, a face‐to‐face survey was conducted to collect information on individuals' socio‐demographic characteristics, travel behavior, AT mode choice, and their perceptions regarding the AT conditions in their neighborhoods. Analysis of the survey results suggests that several socio‐demographic characteristics are associated with AT use. For example, young adults and individuals with low income are the primary users of AT. Also, results suggest that students are mainly active commuters. The ratio of AT use increases with the number of bicycles in the household. Individuals tend to walk more when travel duration is less than 10 minutes. Educational areas are perceived as safer and convenient areas for using active modes of transport compared to other land‐use types. Also, a higher proportion of active commuters perceive local roads to be safer from vehicular traffic compared to main roads. Many sectors such as planning, transportation, health, and education as well as non‐government organizations will be benefited from this study.
Impact of viral eradication by direct‐acting antivirals on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development, prognosis, and portal hypertension in hepatitis C virus‐related compensated cirrhosis patients
Authors: Nagaoki Yuko , Imamura Michio , Teraoka Yuji , Morio Kei , Fujino Hatsue , Ono Atsushi , Nakahara Takashi , Murakami Eisuke , Yamauchi Masami , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Miki Daiki , Tsuge Masataka , Hiramatsu Akira , Hayes C. Nelson , Chayama Kazuaki , Aikata Hiroshi 
Published: August 2020

AimWe analyzed the impact of hepatitis C virus eradication by direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) therapy on the risk of development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), prognosis, and portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis.MethodsThe rate of HCC development and overall survival after achievement of sustained virological response (SVR) in 173 DAA‐treated compensated cirrhosis patients without HCC history were retrospectively compared with that of 125 cirrhosis patients who achieved SVR by interferon (IFN)‐based therapy or that of 85 cirrhosis patients who failed to respond to anti‐HCV therapy. Changes in esophagogastric varices (EGV) and incidence of portosystemic encephalopathy were analyzed in 87 consecutive cirrhosis patients.ResultsThe cumulative HCC development rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 2%, 7%, and 7% for the DAA‐SVR group, significantly lower than the 3%, 7%, and 18% for the non‐SVR group (log–rank, P < 0.001). The cumulative overall survival rates were also significantly improved in the DAA‐SVR group compared to the non‐SVR group (log–rank, P < 0.001). These rates were similar between DAA‐SVR and IFN‐SVR groups (P = 0.121 and 0.261, respectively). Esophagogastric varices were aggravated, and portosystemic encephalopathy occurred in a subset of cirrhosis patients who achieved SVR by DAA therapy. These events were more frequent in patients with large feeding vessels for EGV and portosystemic shunts at the time of SVR.ConclusionAchievement of SVR by DAA therapy reduces the risk of HCC development and prolongs survival, similar to theresults achieved with IFN‐based therapy, but portal hypertension is not immediately improved in compensated liver cirrhosis patients.