bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION PADA MAPEL PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Anggraeni Dian Tri , Wulandari Ratna Wahyu 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh model pembelajaran group investigation terhadap hasil belajar Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan materi Harga Diri kelas III SDN Sukamahi 02 Megamendung Bogor. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksperimen. Sampel yang diambil dari penelitian ini terdiri dari dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok eksperimen yang berjumlah 23 siswa dan kelompok kontrol yang berjumlah 22 siswa. Kelompok eksperimen adalah kelompok belajar yang pada kegiatan pembelajarannya diberikan perlakuan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran group investigation, sedangkan kelompok kontrol adalah kelompok belajar yang pada kegiatan pembelajarannya tidak diberikan perlakuan yaitu hanya dengan model konvensional yang biasa guru lakukan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah instrumen soal dengan test pilihan ganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan adanya pengaruh. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil perhitungan uji t dari hasil posttest kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol dengan hasil nilai thitung sebesar 6,149 lebih besar dari nilai ttabel 2,021. Serta nilai signfikansi yaitu 0,000 yang lebih kecil dari 0,05 maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima.
KEPEKAAN INTERKULTURAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR: PENERAPAN DAN KENDALA
Authors: Saharani Annisa Aulia 
Published: November 2020

Belajar bahasa tidak dapat dipisahkan dari mempelajari budayanya. Oleh karena itu, kepekaan interkultural (antar budaya) sangat dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran bahasa. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus yang dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi penerapan kepekaan interkultural dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris untuk siswa sekolah dasar dan kendala yang dihadapi oleh para guru di lapangan karena siswa sekolah dasar mempelajari bahasa Inggris di umur yang sangat muda sehingga kepekaan interkultural diharapkan sudah ditanamkan dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Data diperoleh melalui pengamatan, wawancara dan dokumentasi dari sampel yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling pada beberapa SD di Kota Kediri. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pembelajaran bahasa Inggris bagi siswa sekolah dasar telah menunjukkan adanya penerapan kepekaan interkultural, (2) pembelajaran budaya masih terintegrasi dan masih diajarkan secara implisit, danÂ (3) kendala yang dihadapi adalah keterbatasan guru, karakteristik siswa yang masih anak-anak, kurikulum yang belum mendukung pembelajaran budaya secara eksplisit dan keterbatasan fasilitas. Oleh karena itu, guru dan sekolah perlu mengupayakan peningkatan penerapan kepekaan interkultural dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris di tingkat sekolah dasar agar siswa dapat menjadi pembicara interkultural yang baik dalam komunikasi antar budaya di usia muda.
PENGGUNAAN METODE TRADING PLACES DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ASMĀUL HUSNA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR
Authors: Laili Ummiy Fauziyah , Nafi’ah Istiana Malikatin 
Published: November 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan penerapan pembelajaran trading places Â pada materi asmÄul husna untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VI SD. Objek dari penelitian merupakan seluruh peserta didik kelas VI SDN V Ngronggo Kota Kediri yang berjumlah 33 peserta didik. Pemilihan populasi dengan menyertakan seluruh peserta didik kelas VI sehingga menjadi penelitian populasi dan dengan disertai perhitungan yang cermat berdasarkan rumus yang telah ditentukan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara dengan pihak terkait, serta dokumentasi. Hasil data yang diperoleh akan diolah menggunakan analisis sign test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Penerapan model pembelajaran trading places adalah baik, hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil pengamatan yang menunjukkan nilai sebesar 89%; (2) Pengaruh model pembelajaran trading places terhadap pemahaman peserta didik pada pelajaran asmÄul h}usna peserta didik kelas VI SDN Ngronggo Kota Kediri, berdasarkan hasil analisis didapatkan nilai signifikansi dari hasil uji sign test sebesar 0,000 atau signifikansi < 0,05 sehingga keputusan analisis data adalah Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima, artinya terdapatÂ perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai pretest dan nilai posttest hasil pembelajaran trading places.
PENGARUH MODEL CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MAPEL IPA MATERI PERUBAHAN WUJUD BENDA
Authors: Kartikasari Apriliyani Diah 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh contextual teaching and learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa SD. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental, dengan subyek penelitian kelas eksperimen V-A dan kelas kontrol V-B. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SD Negeri Ngampelsari Sidoarjo. Perlakuan kelas eksperimen dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran contextual teaching and learning, sedangkan kelas kontrol dengan pembelajaran direct instruction (pembelajaran langsung). Variabel penelitian yang diteliti adalah varabel bebas yaitu penerapan model pembelajaran contextual teaching and learning dan variabel terikat yaitu hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA kelas V SD Negeri Ngampelsari Sidoarjo. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik observasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar pada kelas eksperimen setelah diberi perlakuan. Hasil analisis data dari kelas eksperimen dalam proses penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe contextual teaching and learning diperoleh kriteria baik sekali. Untuk hasil analisis data tes dengan menggunakan uji t nilai pretest diperoleh hasil Ftabel > Fhitung, atau 1,671 > 0,295 dan untuk nilai posttest diperoleh Fhitung > Ftabel, atau 6,880 > 1,670, hal ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan hasil belajar siswa yang signifikan setelah diberikan perlakuan.
ANALISIS PROSES BERPIKIR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL-SOAL PENJUMLAHAN
Authors: Rochana Siti 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengetahui proses berpikir siswa sekolah dasar kelas 1 dalam menyelesaikan soal-soal materi penjumlahan. Subyek yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah dua siswa program sekolah dasar kelas 1 yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan.Â Siswa sebanyak dua orang tersebut masing-masing memiliki kemampuan rata-rata atau sedang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yang mengacu pada tes tertulis dan wawancara. Untuk mengecek keabsahan hasil tes tertulis digunakan metode triangulasi waktu, dimana di waktu yang berbeda diberikan soal dengan karakter yang sama. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, masing-masing memperoleh kesimpulan bahwa siswa laki-laki memiliki proses berpikir konseptual, dan siswa perempuan memiliki proses berpikir konseptual.
MULTICHOICE APPROACH TO SOLUTION OF OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS OF ALGORITHMIC DESCRIPTION FORMATION OF PROCESSING ROUTES
Authors: Popov Aleksandr , Zapol'skaya Anna , Popova Tat'yana 
Published: November 2020

The paper is aimed at the solution of the problem in the formation of multi-level structural optimization of promising technological processes. Here there is manifested the necessity in thorough development of algorithmic problems on the formation of the best technological route for components and units processing taking into account requirements to quality and choice of the smallest cost characteristics of an industrial process.
At the solution of optimization problems in engineering process designing there are used simulators reflecting basic principles of production work functioning.
The search of an optimum solution was carried out by a mechanism of threshold structural optimization realization on network graphs. In the course of the investigation fulfillment on the problems of automated production introduction there were formed simulators taking into account single-phase and multi-phase systems of mass maintenance.
At that to the first place there were moved cost parameters for the assessment of engineering process versions. In such a way was confirmed a hypothesis on the purposefulness of the definition of engineering process functional parameters with the further choice of an optimum solution.
Conclusions: time decrease, high quality, and also a financial profit can be complex for the majority of real applications, therefore the majority of optimization methods try to find an ideal method for the solution of limited resources problem in the framework of different limitations.
Myocardial bridging in the course of coronary arteries and its clinical significance
Authors: Rai Gunjan , Khanna Soumya , Singh Royana 
Published: November 2020

Background: Sudden death in young adults in absence of any risk factor related to coronary arterial disease has been reported. It could be because of some unrecognized congenital coronary artery anomalies like myocardial bridging. The clinician should keep myocardial bridging as a differential diagnosis in cases of sudden death in young individuals having no risk factors of coronary artery diseases.
Aims and Objective: The present study was conducted to know the prevalence of myocardial bridge and percentage of distribution of myocardial bridges in the course of different coronary arteries of cadaveric hearts.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, IMS, BHU Varanasi. Total numbers of 49 formalin preserved hearts were taken for the study. The hearts were meticulously dissected to see the distribution and location of myocardial bridge. Coronary arteries with myocardial bridge were photographed and data was statistically analyzed.Out of 49 hearts, 26(53.06%) showed myocardial bridging. Total numbers of bridges were found to be 34 in number. Among the 26 myocardial bridged hearts 8 hearts (30.76%) showed double myocardial bridges and 18 hearts (69.23%) showed single myocardial bridges. In hearts with double myocardial bridging, 5 of them showed myocardial bridging in the territory of both anterior interventricular artery (AIVA) and posterior interventricular artery (PIVA) and 3 showed bridging in the territory of anterior interventricular artery and its diagonal branch. Among the18 single myocardial bridging 16 were in the course of anterior interventricular artery and two showed myocardial bridging in one of the diagonal branch of AIVA. There were 24 myocardial bridges in the course of AIVA, 16 as a part of single myocardial bridged hearts and 8 as a part of double myocardial bridged heart with the percentage of distribution were 2 (8.33%)in the proximal 1/3rd,18(75%)were in middle 1/3rd and 4(16.66%) were in distal 1/3rd.
Conclusion: Due to the presence of high percentage of reported myocardial bridges in cadaveric hearts, the clinicians should always screen the young individuals and athletes having myocardial ischemia for the myocardial bridges along with other etiological factors.
Role of colonizers and value of routine surveillance culture of endotracheal aspirate of patients in the diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia
Authors: Siddique Sana , Haider Fareya , Ahmad Sharique , Iqbal Khalid , Singh Mastan 
Published: November 2020

Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is considered to be second most common nosocomial infection patients requiring critical care.
Aims and Objective: The present study was conducted to study the role of colonizers and importance of surveillance cultures of endotracheal aspirate (ETA) in the diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow.
Materials and Methods: An observational longitudinal study was conducted over a period of 2 years, on a total of 210 critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation for >48hrs, to identify the common isolates from ETA culture. Follow up of such patients was done to know the role of these isolates in causation of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP). Patients fulfilling both clinical Pulmonary infection score (CPIS>6) and microbiological criteria were diagnosed as VAP. Those microorganisms with a colony count of less<105 cfu/ml in both the patients with VAP and those without VAP were considered as colonizers.
Results: Klebseilla pneumonia (46.2%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16.2%) and E.coli (13.8%) were found be the commonest colonisers followed by Acinetobacterbaumanii (8.6%), Citrobacterkoseri (3.8%), Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (2.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (2.4%) and Proteus vulgaris (1%). Of the total patients 28 developed VAP out of which 21 had late onset VAP and 7 had early onset VAP. Among the VAP positive patients the causative organism was Klebsiella pneumonia (53.6%) for majority of cases followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.4%) and Acinetobacter baumanii (17.9%).
Conclusion: Prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation increased the chances of colonization by MDR microorganisms leading to nosocomial or Hospital acquired infections (HAI) such as VAP which in turn lead to increased rate of morbidity and mortality. VAP considered to be a leading cause of HAI, routine quantitative surveillance culture of ETA(endotracheal aspirate) will allow prospectively to determine prevalence and progression of colonization in lower respiratory tract, so that strict and prompt preventive measures can be taken rather than cure.
Comparative study on technical efficiency of mechanized and traditional rice farm in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Prakash , Regmi Punya Prasad , Gauchan Devendra , KC Dilli Bahadur , KC Gopal Bahadur 
Published: November 2020

The study was conducted among 274 mechanized and 220 traditional rice farms using multistage sampling technique to assess the technical efficiency in rice production among mechanized and traditional farmers in Jhapa, Sunsari and Bardiya districts. The Cobb-Douglas functional form of the stochastic production frontier was employed to obtain the technical efficiency in mechanized and traditional rice farms. The overall technical efficiency of the mechanized and traditional rice farm ranged from 40.31 to 92.23 and 31.21 to 85.02%t with the mean technical efficiency of 80.56 and 70.11% respectively. The scope of increasing output by adopting the technology adopted by the best performer was 19.44% in mechanized and 29.89% in traditional rice farm respectively. Majority of the farmers were operating at an efficiency level 70-80% and 60-70% in mechanized and traditional farms respectively. The average technical efficiency of mechanized rice farm was higher than that of traditional rice farm and the difference was significant. There was scope of increasing output through rational use of existing resources in both farm categories. Manures, chemical fertilizers had significant and positive effect to total yield of rice kg/ha. The effect of machine use to total yield of rice was positive and significant. Rice farms adopting machines were more technically efficient compared to traditional rice farm.
Evaluation of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) genotypes for genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and correlation studies
Authors: Gerema Geleta 
Published: November 2020

The present investigation was undertaken to study the genetic variability, heritability and correlation coefficient analysis for 7 metric traits in 12 durum wheat genotypes at western Oromia during 2015-2018. Significant genotypic differences were observed for the majority traits studied, indicates considerable amount of variation among genotypes for each character. The estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were high for kernels per spikelet, thousand kernels weight, and number of kernels per spike and grain yield. The remaining traits were ranged from low to moderate estimates. High heritability estimates were recorded for the majority traits studied. The estimated broad – sense heritability (h2) has ranged from 31.6% for maturity to 80.8% for grain yield. High genetic advance combined with high heritability was recorded for plant height, thousand kernel weight, kernels per spike and grain yield, indicates that most likely selection based on phenotype of genotypes could be effective to improve these characters. Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with spike length, kernels per spike and thousand kernels weight both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. The strong correlation of grain yield with the mentioned traits showed that grain yield could be indirectly improved through improving these traits. This information might be used in the genetics and breeding programmes for improvement of durum wheat.
Resource use efficiency of maize production with and without irrigation system in Kaski, Nepal
Authors: Khanal Kapil , Adhikari Kalika Bahadur , Dhakal Shiva Chandra , Marahatta Santosh 
Published: November 2020

The study examined the resource use efficiency of maize production in rainfed and irrigated conditions in Kaski, Nepal. It focused specially on the production function of maize, resource use efficiency and socioeconomic characteristics of the farmers. A well-structured interview schedule was used in this study. Out of the 368 households interviewed, 165 farmers cultivated maize and a total of 157 farmers (59 from irrigated and 98 from rainfed) provided useful data. The data analysis was done by using Microsoft excel and SPSS. Cobb-Douglas production function was used to determine the resource use efficiency of maize production. Compared to rainfed system, maize productivity in irrigated system was higher despite the use of fewer input implying irrigation. Increase in seed use by 10% increased the yield by 1.9% in case of rainfed system and 0.05% in case of the irrigated system. The major implication for the study is that farmers should make proper utilization of their resources to achieve higher level of resource use efficiency.
Knowledge, beliefs and habits of public university students from Southern Serbia regarding usage of antibiotics
Authors: Kutlesic Nemanja , Jovanovic Aleksandra 
Published: November 2020

Misuse of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance have become a serious threat to global health. This study aimed to assess knowledge, beliefs and habits of university students regarding antibiotics and compare answers between students coming from rural and urban areas in a location where no similar studies have been conducted to date.
Data was gathered using an online survey and tested for statistically significant difference using Chi-squared test. The study followed the Helsinki Declaration principles.
A total of 360 students participated. A large number (84.4%) has correctly identified antibiotics as effective against bacteria and have distinguished well between antibiotics and other types of medicines. Only 12.5% believe therapy can be interrupted when the symptoms fade, but 31.4% believe antibiotics help with most diseases. As much as 59.7% have bought antibiotics without a prescription, and 45.8% have admitted to premature treatment interruption. Many take antibiotics on travels for emergencies (62.5%). There was no statistically significant difference related to the domicile of the students (p>0.05).
In conclusion, students demonstrated relatively acceptable knowledge and beliefs on antibiotics, which are not reflected in practice. The domicile of students does not influence their knowledge nor habits. Campaigns are needed to promote awareness on antimicrobial resistance as students’ habits are not satisfactory.
Perfil del paciente con demencia del programa de atención domiciliaria geriátrica del Hospital Nacional de Geriatría y Gerontología Doctor Raúl Blanco Cervantes – San José, Costa Rica
Authors: Picado Ovares José Ernesto , Sandí Jirón Alejandro 
Published: November 2020

La unidad de atención comunitaria geriátrica del Hospital Nacional de Geriatría y Gerontología Doctor Raúl Blanco Cervantes realiza visitas por un equipo interdisciplinario a adultos mayores con demencia avanzada. Cada paciente es valorado por un equipo multidisciplinario por medio de la “Sesión de Ingresos”. El presente es un estudio descriptivo que define el perfil de los usuarios con demencia que han ingresado al programa de ACG, desde enero del 2012 al junio del 2020. Se realiza un análisis exploratorio de 2079 pacientes valorados por la “Sesión de ingresos”. La mayoría de los pacientes provienen del cantón de Desamparados. El rango de edad va desde los 60 hasta los 105 años, con un promedio de 84,3 años El Barthel promedio es de 11,77. La mayoría son mujeres y viudas. La demencia vascular representa la causa de demencia más prevalente al ingreso, seguido de la demencia mixta. La mayoría de los pacientes presentaban polifarmacia, trastornos neuroconductuales, disfagia y alteraciones nutricionales, predominando el riesgo nutricional. Además, un grupo minoritario de los pacientes ingresan con sonda vesical, sonda enteral, y úlceras por presión grado 3 y 4. Se documenta una red comprometida en la mayoría de los casos, principalmente liderada por los hijos, con edades desde los 19 a los 88 años con un promedio de 53,4 años. Los pacientes del presente estudio son principalmente del género femenino, viudos, mayores de 80 años, con dependencia severa, riesgo nutricional, polifarmacia, trastornos neuroconductuales y disfagia. Además, presentan alteraciones nutricionales y polifarmacia y son cuidados principalmente por sus hijos de forma comprometida.
THE METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH ON RESOURCE CONSUMPTION PROCESSES
Authors: Scherbak L.M. 
Published: November 2020

On the basis of the analysis and generalization of known results of scientific researches the new methodology of scientific researches in edition object - model - measure - experiment - result is offered. This methodology is considered on an example of difficult dynamic processes of resource consumption, such as electric, gas and heat enegry consumption.
The description of each subject of researches on the offered methodology has given.
Multidimensional mathematical models of resource consumption processes using indicator functions for limiting time intervals and bounded space areas are considered.
Physical probabilistic measures for obtaining quantitative information of research results are briefly described.
It is emphasized that when conducting theoretical research, simulation, and field experiments, appropriate information support is used using software environments (Matlab, Mathcad, Statistica, Anaconda etc.) and networks for distributed computing.
The requirements for the formation of the research result and options for its use are given.
PROSPECTS OF HYDROGEN USE IN INDUSTRIAL COMBUSTION PROCESSES
Authors: Sigal O.I. , Nizhnik N.A. 
Published: November 2020

The state of the energy complex of Ukraine and its ecological component is consideredin this paper. Data on the prospects for the production of "green hydrogen" due to the use of excess maneuvering capacity of "green energy" and the problems associated with it presented. The issues related to the extension of the service life of Ukrainian nuclear power plants is described.
Prospects for the use of hydrogen in industrial combustion processes, rather than as a process gas, are considered.
Original experimental data on the combustion of natural gas with impurities of different hydrogen concentrations are presented. Data were obtained on the effect of oxidant content on the formation of nitrogen oxides in the flame front of the laminar torch.Influence of the solutions containing hydrogen on process of nitrogen oxides formation and additional oxidation of NO in NO2 in combustion processes is studied and results are presented. The most favorable conditions (concentration of hydrogen solution content and temperature regime) of NO oxidation in NO2 are determined.
Recommendations on the main directions of development of hydrogen energy of Ukraine are given. The need to determine the optimal proportion of hydrogen that may be present in the gas transmission system of Ukraine is emphasized.