bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitor the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 2020
Authors: Genbrugge Cornelia , Eertmans Ward , Salcido David D. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of review
The current review will give an overview of different possibilities to monitor quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) from a physiologic and a process point of view and how these two approaches can/should overlap.

Recent findings
Technology is evolving fast with a lot of opportunities to improve the CPR quality. The role of smartphones and wearables are step-by-step identified as also the possibilities to perform patient tailored CPR based on physiologic parameters. The first steps have been taken, but more are to be expected. In this context, the limits of what is possible with human providers will become more and more clear.

Summary
To perform high-quality CPR, at first, one should optimize rate, depth and pause duration supported by process monitoring tools. Second, the evolving technological evolution gives opportunities to measure physiologic parameters in real-time which will open the way for patient-tailored CPR. The role of ultrasound, cerebral saturation and end-tidal CO2 in measuring the quality of CPR needs to be further investigated as well as the possible ways of influencing these measured parameters to improve neurological outcome and survival.
Focused ultrasonography for septic shock resuscitation
Authors: Nikravan Sara , Song Pingping , Bughrara Nibras , Díaz-Gómez José L. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of review
Severe sepsis with septic shock is the most common cause of death among critically ill patients. Mortality has decreased substantially over the last decade but recent data has shown that opportunities remain for the improvement of early and targeted therapy. This review discusses published data regarding the role of focused ultrasonography in septic shock resuscitation.

Recent findings
Early categorization of the cardiovascular phenotypes with echocardiography can be crucial for timely diagnosis and targeted therapy of patients with septic shock. In the last few years, markers of volume status and volume responsiveness have been investigated, serving as valuable tools for targeting volume therapy in the care of both spontaneously breathing and mechanically ventilated patients. In tandem, investigators have highlighted findings of extravascular volume with ultrasonographic evaluation to compliment de-escalation of resuscitation efforts when appropriate. Furthermore, special attention has been given to resuscitation efforts of patients in septic shock with right ventricular failure.

Summary
Severe sepsis with septic shock is an insidious disease process that continues to take lives. In more recent years, data have emerged suggesting the utility of bedside ultrasonography for early cardiovascular categorization, goal directed resuscitation, and appropriate cardiovascular support based on its changing phenotypes.
Effects of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on psychological distress of awaiting-trial prison inmates
Authors: Amoke Chijioke Virgilus , Ede Moses Onyemaechi , Nwokeoma Bonaventure N. , Onah Sebastian O. , Ikechukwu-Ilomuanya Amaka B. , Albi-Oparaocha Florence C. , Nweke Maduka L. , Amoke Chijioke V. , Amadi Kingsley C. , Aloh Henry E. , Anyaegbunam Emenike N. , Nwajiuba Chinyere A. , Onwuama Onyeyilichukwu P. , Ede Kelechi R. , Ononaiwu Agnes I. , Nweze Tina 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
The level of psychological distress among awaiting-trial inmates is rapidly increasing in Nigeria. Studies have recommended increasing attention and additional psychological intervention that could improve the psychological wellbeing of prisoners. This study evaluates the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on psychological distress among awaiting-trial prison inmates in Nigeria.

Methods:
A total of 34 awaiting-trial prison inmates in Enugu state Nigeria were used as the study participants. Two measures (perceived emotional distress inventory and general health Questionnaire) were used for data collection. Repeated measures with analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine the effects of the intervention. Effect sizes were also reported with partial Eta Squared (

JOURNAL/medi/04.03/00005792-202004240-00002/inline-graphic2/v/2023-09-15T184447Z/r/image-tiff

).

Results:
The result showed that there was no significant difference in psychological distress between the treatment and no-intervention groups. The results showed that CBT had a significant effect on psychological distress of awaiting-trial prison inmates when compared to their counterparts in the no-intervention group at Time 2. Additionally, the efficacy of CBT on the psychological distress of awaiting-trial prison inmates was significantly sustained at the follow-up measurements (Time 3).

Conclusion:
This study suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective intervention for decreasing psychological distress among awaiting-trial prison inmates. Additionally, the impactful benefit of the intervention can persist in overtime. Therefore, cognitive behavioral therapists can further explore the efficacy of CBT using various cultures.
Application of polyetheretherketone cages through minimally invasive oblique retroperitoneal approach for the treatment of lumbar polymicrobial spondylodiscitis
Authors: Luo Wei , Zhu Yong , Zhao Zeng-Hui , Ou Yun-Sheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Despite the plethora of evidence in support of the use of structural osseous autograft in lumbar spondylodiscitis, attention has recently been turned to the addition of synthetic materials such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to restore anterior vertebral column support.
From January 2015 to April 2017, 7 patients with lumbar polymicrobial spondylodiscitis were surgically treated with a minimally invasive oblique retroperitoneal approach to the infected focus. The patients underwent a standard lateral minimally invasive oblique retroperitoneal approach using direct lateral interbody fusion system. The PEEK cages were loaded with autologous bone graft. All the patients underwent posterior fixation with percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation. Lumbar function was measured using Oswestry Disability Index, and pain was measured with visual analog scale. Fusion and subsidence were also recorded.
The study included 5 female and 2 male patients. The median age was 58.9 years. The duration of follow-up was 31.8 ± 6.1 months (range: 24–47). All patients recovered from the infection without relapse within 24-month follow-up. Visual analog scale significantly declined from 7.57 ± 0.53 before surgery to 1.57 ± 0.53 at 12-month follow-up. Mean Oswestry Disability Index decreased from 72.14 ± 6.82 before surgery to 22.28 ± 2.13 after surgery. All patients had solid fusion at 2-year follow-up. Fusion occurred at 6 to 15 months (mean 9.8 months).
The specific use of PEEK cages in lumbar polymicrobial spondylodiscitis suggests reliable outcome in terms of clinical and imaging outcomes in our limited cases.
Retroperitoneal fibromatosis presenting as a mesenteric mass
Authors: Xiao Jianchun , Zhou Wenzhe 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Fibromatoses or desmoid tumors are relatively rare tumors derived from the musculoaponeurotic system. This tumor has no specific clinical symptoms and it is sometimes misdiagnosed as other diseases such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Patient concerns:
A 28-year-old man visited Peking Union Medical College for a tangible abdominal mass without abdominal pain or distention.

Diagnoses:
Considering the imaging characteristics and clinical manifestation, this mass was primarily diagnosed as GIST before surgery. During the surgery, the occupancy was found under the ileocecal mesentery, with grayish white appearance, tough texture, and poor mobility, which was not consistent with the character of the GIST. After the surgery, pathological examination and individual immunohistochemistry results demonstrated that the lesion was compatible with the diagnosis of retroperitoneal fibromatosis with purulent inflammation of chronic lymphadenitis.

Interventions:
Therefore, we decided to perform tumor mass resection, right colon resection, partial duodenum resection, and intestinal anastomosis on laparotomy, but the right ureter was retained. After excision of the tumor, the ends of the intestine segment were continuously sutured.

Outcomes:
The patient experienced no intraoperative or postoperative complications, and was discharged 3 days after surgery. Periodic follow-up physical examinations such as the abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography were performed each 3 months, and no evidence of recurrence was observed during the whole 12 months.

Lessons:
To sum up, intra-abdominal fibromatosis is an extremely rare tumor that must be differentiated from other tumors of the digestive tract, and pathological and immunohistochemical examination is a critical part of the diagnosis. Early diagnosis of fibromatosis is essential for the outcome. Extensive resection of the mass minimizes the risk of relapse.
Is dietary fat associated with the risk of age-related macular degeneration? Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Yunsheng , Lu Bo , Zhou Yana , Ren Shuxia , Pang Guoming , Deng Aijun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Previous studies evaluating the association of dietary fat and risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) yield discrepant results. The objective of this systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis is to establish whether an association exists between dietary fat and AMD. This protocol was developed in line with the quality requirements of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. PubMed and EMBASE will be searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-randomized trials (NRTs), cross-sectional studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies that evaluate the total incidence of AMD. The data extraction content and quantitative analysis will be carried out systematically. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and quality assessment tools will be used for quality assessment. This SR will synthesize evidence to determine if there is an association between dietary fat and AMD. The evidence would provide rationale for future research and serve as a basis for the development of future guidelines. Results are expected to be publicly available in mid 2020.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019137086.
A rare case of thyroglossal duct cyst extending to the sublingual space
Authors: Park Mi Jung , Shin Hwa Seon , Choi Dae Seob , Choi Hye Young , Choi Ho Cheol , Lee Sang Min , Jang Jeong Ho , Lee Jeong-Hee , Park Jung Je , Park Sung Eun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) is the most common congenital anomaly of midline neck masses. A thyroglossal duct cyst is especially difficult to diagnose and is treated differently when it appears in the sublingual area. Here, we report a rare case of TGDC extending to the sublingual space.

Patient concerns:
A 42-year-old female presented with a history of neck swelling in the submental region.

Diagnosis:
The final pathologic diagnosis was a TGDC.

Interventions:
Sistrunk operation was performed.

Outcomes:
Recurrence of the disease has not been seen for the past year.

Lession:
Clinical awareness of the thyroglossal duct cyst in the sublingual area or on the oral floor area is important for an accurate diagnosis and the appropriated management.
Subjective expectations for future and mortality among middle-aged and older adults
Authors: Choi Jae Woo , Kim Jae-Hyun , Yoo Ki Bong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to categorize various elements for the expectations for the future using factor analysis and identify association between categories of the subjective expectations for the future and mortality among middle-aged and older adults.
Data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging from 2006 to 2016 was assessed using longitudinal data analysis and 9,844 research subjects were included at baseline in 2006. Our modeling approach was based on Cox proportional hazards models for mortality.
We indicated 3 categories (individual factor, national factor, and combined factor) of 12 subjective expectations for the future using factor analysis. The negative expectations for the future of all factors [individual factor: hazard ratio (HR), 1.65, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.41–1.93; national factor: HR, 1.20, 95% CI, 1.06–1.37; combined factor: HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02–1.32] were more likely to have an increased risk of all-cause mortality than those in the positive expectations for the future. Older adults were more likely to be affected by negative expectations for the future in national factor compared to middle-aged adults (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05–1.41).
Increasing positive expectations for the future is an important consideration for improvement in health. Policy makers need to consider that changes of national policy would affect health in older adults.
Postoperative radiotherapy for the young–old patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ding Wei , Yang Min , Jiang Wanrong , Ge Xiaolin , Sun Xiangdong , Zhou Bin , Liu Feng , Jiang Kai , Shen Fangcheng , Sun Xinchen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of esophagectomy and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) for patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) in the young–old (aged between 65 and 75 years).
The clinical data of 166 young–old patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy and PORT from May 2004 to May 2018 in The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and The PLA Cancer Center, Jinling Hospital were analyzed. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). The log-rank method was used to test the differences. The Cox regression model was used for the multivariate prognostic analysis.
The follow-up rate was 98.5%, and the median follow-up time was 41.2 months. The whole 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 92.0%, 69.3%, and 58.3%, respectively, and the median OS was 64.7 months (95% CI, 58.3–71.1). The median DFS was 57.9 months (95% CI, 47.4–68.4), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year DFS rates were 84.8%, 61.5%, and 44.6%, respectively. The median LRFS was 60.8 months (95% CI, 50.5–71.0), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year LRFS rates were 85.8%, 64.94%, and 53.9%, respectively. The median DMFS was 65.0 months (95% CI, 60.6–69.6), and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year DMFS rates were 91.9%, 77.0%, and 67.5%, respectively. Pathological T staging, lymph node metastasis, pathologic staging, and Karnofsk Performance Status (KPS) were the main factors affecting prognosis. In addition, T staging, lymph node metastasis are also independent prognostic factors. Little severe toxicity was observed.
The result indicates that PORT for TESCC patients who can tolerate surgery is safe in the young–old. The efficacy is similar to that of previous patients including younger populations. Pathological T and N stage are major factors that affect prognosis. Concurrent chemotherapy may not improve the survival of the young–old patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy.
Association between polymorphisms of epidermal growth factor 61 and susceptibility of lung cancer
Authors: Chen Quan , Zheng Yiming , Wu Bingbing , Chen Xia , Ge Pengfei , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To explore the association between epidermal growth factor (EGF) 61A/G polymorphism and lung cancer.
All eligible case-control studies published up to August, 2019 were identified by searching PubMed, The excerpta medica database, China Academic Journals Full-text Database, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang databases. Two researchers independently identified the literature, extracted data, and evaluated quality according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed by Stata 15.0.
A total of 6 studies is included, including 1487 cases and 2044 control subjects. Compared with allele A, allele G was considered to have no association with the risk of lung cancer, odds ratio = 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 0.98–1.15). GG recessive genotype, GG + GA dominant genotype, GG homozygote genotype and GA heterozygote genotype were found out that all of them are not associated with the risk of lung cancer. No association between EGF 61A/G polymorphism and lung cancer was found out by ethnical subgroup analysis. However, in view of the limitations of this study, such as the results of quantitative and sensitivity analysis may be lack of accuracy, so the conclusions of allele model and recessive gene model should be made carefully.
It suggested that there was no association between polymorphism of EGF 61A/G and susceptibility of lung cancer.
Inter-practitioner comparisons of nerve conduction studies with standardized techniques in normal subjects
Authors: Zhao Bing , Diao Hong-Mei , Wen Qing-Xian , Sui Ke-Xv , Zhang Yong-Qing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This 2-group study was carried out to determine the inter-practitioner difference of nerve conduction studies with standardized techniques.
56 normal subjects of 19 to 49 year-old were recruited, 29, and 27 in the 2 labs respectively. Tests were carried out unilaterally on: 5 motor nerve distal latency, conduction velocities (MNCV) and minimum latency of F wave, 3 sensory nerves with negative amplitude, onset, and peak distal latency, sensory nerve distal latency.
T-test disclosed 4(15.4%) attributes with statistical significance (P < .05). They were 2 of 4 (50%) compound motor action potentials, which were ulnar and tibial nerve, and 2 of 6 (33.3%) MNCVs, which were elbow-to-wrist MNCV of median nerve and cross-fibula MNCV of peroneal nerve. No differences were disclosed in motor nerve distal latencys, minimum latency of F waves and all sensory attributes.
Inconsistency pattern of certain attributes were found. This could be explained with the insufficient definition of related techniques.
Two head positions for orotracheal intubation with the trachway videolight intubating stylet with manual in-line stabilization
Authors: Chan Wei-Hung , Cheng Chiao-Pei , Chiu Yu-Lung , Hsu Yung-Chi , Hu Mei-Hua , Huang Go-Shine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
The Trachway Videolight Intubating Stylet is a video-assisted system with a rigid but malleable intubating stylet that facilitates endotracheal intubation. Minimizing cervical spine movement with manual in-line stabilization is essential for patients with cervical spine injuries such as multiple trauma. However, the intubation time of the Trachway Videolight Intubating Stylet and complications associated with intubation in patients with manual in-line stabilization in the neutral-head and head-lift positions remain unclear.

Methods:
Patients (20–80 years old) who were scheduled to undergo surgery that required general anesthesia with tracheal intubation were randomly allocated to either a neutral-head (n = 62) or a head-lift position (n = 62) group. Manual in-line stabilization was performed to limit cervical spine mobility. We aimed to evaluate orotracheal intubation time and success rate in these 2 positions with the Trachway Videolight Intubating Stylet.

Results:
Intubation was faster in the head-lift than in the neutral-head position (20 ± 10 and 25 ± 13 seconds, respectively, P = .000); intubation was equally successful in the 2 positions (96.8% vs 96.8%). Responses to intubation did not differ between positions (heart rate, P = .142; visual analog scale scores for throat soreness, P = .54). The only significant predictor of intubation time was the body mass index in the head-lift position group (P = .005).

Conclusions:
Intubation using the Trachway Videolight Intubating Stylet with manual in-line stabilization is faster in the head-lift position, and therefore preferable. However, if the head-lift position is not suitable, the neutral-head position is a sensible alternative, with comparable intubation success rate, heart rate change, and postoperative throat soreness.
Aberrant expression of miR-21 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Yan Huimin , Zhang Xinyu , Xu Yi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
microRNAs have drawn more attention due to their function on the inflammatory process. The association between microRNA-21 (miR-21) expression and risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) remain inconclusive. This study was aimed to acquire a more exact estimation of this relationship.

Methods:
Relevant studies were identified through searching PubMed, Embase, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database. Pooled standardized mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effect model. Publication bias test, sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were carried out.

Results:
A total of 20 relevant articles comprising 540 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 459 patients with Crohn disease (CD) and 511 non-IBD controls were included in this analysis. The expression of miR-21 was significantly increased in colon tissue of both UC and CD patients compared with non-IBD controls. However, there were no significant differences between patients with UC and CD. Moreover, increased miR-21 expression was associated with disease activity status in UC patients, but not in CD patients.

Conclusions:
This meta-analysis demonstrates that the higher miR-21 expression in colon tissue is positively associated with the development of UC and CD, and miR-21 might serve as a disease marker of IBD.
Synchronous hybrid procedure combining interventional radiology and endoscopy for esophagogastric varices with large gastro-renal shunt
Authors: Zhao Yiming , Wang Shufang , Li Congyong , Guo Liangliang , Li Chao , Zhao Li , Tian Le , Zheng Siyang , Liu Jiangtao , Sun Gang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Successful treatment of esophagogastric varices (EGV) with giant portal-systemic shunt is challenging. To explore the feasibility and safety of a novel hybrid procedure involving interventional radiology and endoscopy in the same sitting.
Three cases clinically diagnosed to have decompensated cirrhosis and EGV with giant gastrorenal shunt (GRS) on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) were included. The hybrid procedures included: indirect portography, hepatic vein pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement, HVPG-based partial splenic embolization (PSE), retrospective GRS balloon occlusion, endoscopic histoacryl injection (EHI), balloon catheter radiography and withdrawal. All the procedures were done in the same operation room. Main outcomes measurements included operation time, complications, and re-bleeding events.
Hybrid interventions were performed successfully in 3 cases with a mean operation time of 63.3 minutes without any major intra- and post-operation complications. No rebleeding occurred at 6-month follow-up.
Synchronous hybrid intervention combining radiology and endoscopy is feasible and safe for patients with EGV and giant GRS, preliminary study with limited cases deserves further exploration.