bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of a direct bronchial challenge test in primary care to diagnose asthma
Authors: Bins J. E. , Metting E. I. , Muilwijk-Kroes J. B. , Kocks J. W. H. , in ’t Veen J. C. C. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMany asthmatics in primary care have mild symptoms and lack airflow obstruction. If variable expiratory airflow limitation cannot be determined by spirometry or peak expiratory flow, despite a history of respiratory symptoms, a positive bronchial challenge test (BCT) can confirm the diagnosis of asthma. However, BCT is traditionally performed in secondary care. In this observational real-life study, we retrospectively analyze 5-year data of a primary care diagnostic center carrying out BCT by histamine provocation. In total, 998 primary care patients aged ≥16 years underwent BCT, without any adverse events reported. To explore diagnostic accuracy, we examine 584 patients with a high pretest probability of asthma. Fifty-seven percent of these patients have a positive BCT result and can be accurately diagnosed with asthma. Our real-life data show BCT is safe and feasible in a suitably equipped primary care diagnostic center. Furthermore, it could potentially reduce diagnostic referrals to secondary care.
Magnetic domain engineering in SrRuO3 thin films
Authors: Wang Wenbo , Li Lin , Liu Junhua , Chen Binbin , Ji Yaoyao , Wang Jun , Cheng Guanglei , Lu Yalin , Rijnders Guus , Koster Gertjan , Wu Weida , Liao Zhaoliang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMagnetic domain engineering in ferromagnetic thin films is a very important route toward the rational design of spintronics and memory devices. Although the magnetic domain formation has been extensively studied, artificial control of magnetic domain remains challenging. Here, we present the control of magnetic domain formation in paradigmatic SrRuO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures via structural domain engineering. The formation of structural twin domains in SrRuO3 films can be well controlled by breaking the SrTiO3 substrate symmetry through engineering miscut direction. The combination of x-ray diffraction analysis of structural twin domains and magnetic imaging of reversal process demonstrates a one-to-one correspondence between structural domains and magnetic domains, which results in multi-step magnetization switching and anomalous Hall effect in films with twin domains. Our work sheds light on the control of the magnetic domain formation via structural domain engineering, which will pave a path toward desired properties and devices applications.
Gender differences in adverse event reports associated with antidiabetic drugs
Authors: Joung Kyung-In , Jung Gyu-Won , Park Han-Heui , Lee Hyesung , Park So-Hee , Shin Ju-Young 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLittle is known about gender-specific reporting of adverse events (AEs) associated with antidiabetic drugs. This study was to assess the gender-related difference in AEs reporting associated with antidiabetic agents. The number of antidiabetic drug-AE pairs associated was identified using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System database. Prevalence of diabetes was estimated using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patients Sample database. Reporting rate per 10,000 people was calculated by dividing drug-AE pairs with the number of antidiabetic drug users by gender. Gender difference was presented with risk ratio (reporting rate ratio) of women to men. Antidiabetic agent-associated AEs were more frequently reported by women than men throughout body organs and drug classes. 13 out of 17 system organ class level disorders with significant gender differences were reported more often by women than men. By drug class, gender-specific reporting rates were observed in most of the drug classes, especially in newer classes such as glucagon-like peptide-1 analog (GLP1-RA), sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), and thiazolidinedione (TZD). Looking into preferred term level for each drug class, women dominated the reports of class-specific AEs of newer antidiabetic drugs such as urinary tract/genital infection (all reported by women) in SGLT2i, edema in TZD (risk ratio (RR) 12.56), and hyperglycemia in insulin users (RR 15.35). Gender differences in antidiabetic-associated AE reporting often attributed to women. Explanations for these different report levels by gender should be further investigated.
Vitreomacular traction quantitative cutoffs for the assessment of resolution after ocriplasmin intravitreal treatment
Authors: Arrigo Alessandro , Calamuneri Alessandro , Bordato Alessandro , Aragona Emanuela , Pierro Luisa , Bandello Francesco , Battaglia Parodi Maurizio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to assess optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters associated with vitreomacular traction (VMT) resolution after ocriplasmin intravitreal injection and also associated with the development of vitreomacular complications. Study designed was a retrospective case series. Structural OCT images were acquired at baseline and over the follow-up after treatment. We developed a mathematical model to provide quantitative parameters associated with VMT resolution. Moreover, we adopted the same model to assess the quantitative parameters associated with development of further vitreomacular complications or with the worsening of the coexisting condition. Main outcome measures were BCVA, central macular thickness (CMT), VMT reflectivity, VMT size, VMT resolution, epiretinal membrane (ERM), macular holes. 73 eyes of 73 VMT patients (mean age 73 ± 9 years) were recruited. The mean follow-up duration was 2.6 ± 1.1 years. Mean baseline BCVA was 0.38 ± 0.18 LogMAR, improving to 0.26 ± 0.20 at the end of the follow-up (p < 0.01). Baseline CMT was 431 ± 118 µm, improving to 393 ± 122 µm at the end of the follow-up (p < 0.01). 38/73 eyes (52%) showed only VMT, whereas 35/73 eyes (48%) also showed coexisting alterations at baseline. VMT resolved in 40/73 eyes (55% of cases). Our model disclosed VMT reflectivity as the most involved parameter in VMT resolution. VMT size showed less influence on the success of ocriplasmin treatment. ERM was negatively associated with VMT resolution. Moreover, VMT reflectivity values and ERM represented the most important parameters for the onset of vitreomacular complications.
Hypoxia and proangiogenic proteins in human ameloblastoma
Authors: de Mendonça Raíssa Pinheiro , Balbinot Karolyny Martins , Martins Beatriz Voss , da Silva Kataoka Maria Sueli , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , de Jesus Viana Pinheiro João , de Melo Alves Júnior Sérgio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAmeloblastomas are epithelial odontogenic tumours that, although benign, are locally invasive and may exhibit aggressive behaviour. In the tumour microenvironment, the concentration of oxygen is reduced, which leads to intratumoral hypoxia. Under hypoxia, the crosstalk between the HIF-1α, MMP-2, VEGF, and VEGFR-2 proteins has been associated with hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, leading to tumour progression and increased invasiveness. This work showcases 24 ameloblastoma cases, 10 calcifying odontogenic cysts, and 9 dental follicles, used to investigate the expression of these proteins by immunohistochemistry. The anti-HIF-1α, anti-MMP-2, anti-VEGF, and anti-VEGFR-2 primary antibodies are used in this work. The results have been expressed by the mean grey value after immunostaining in images acquired with an objective of 40×. The ameloblastoma samples showed higher immunoexpression of HIF-1α, MMP-2, VEGF, and VEGFR-2 when compared to the dental follicles and calcifying odontogenic cysts. Ameloblastomas show a higher degree of expression of proteins associated with intratumoral hypoxia and proangiogenic proteins, which indicates the possible role of these proteins in the biological behaviour of this tumour.
Best practices for authors of healthcare-related artificial intelligence manuscripts
Authors: Kakarmath Sujay , Esteva Andre , Arnaout Rima , Harvey Hugh , Kumar Santosh , Muse Evan , Dong Feng , Wedlund Leia , Kvedar Joseph 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince its inception in 2017, npj Digital Medicine has attracted a disproportionate number of manuscripts reporting on uses of artificial intelligence. This field has matured rapidly in the past several years. There was initial fascination with the algorithms themselves (machine learning, deep learning, convoluted neural networks) and the use of these algorithms to make predictions that often surpassed prevailing benchmarks. As the discipline has matured, individuals have called attention to aberrancies in the output of these algorithms. In particular, criticisms have been widely circulated that algorithmically developed models may have limited generalizability due to overfitting to the training data and may systematically perpetuate various forms of biases inherent in the training data, including race, gender, age, and health state or fitness level (Challen et al. BMJ Qual. Saf. 28:231–237, 2019; O’neil. Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy, Broadway Book, 2016). Given our interest in publishing the highest quality papers and the growing volume of submissions using AI algorithms, we offer a list of criteria that authors should consider before submitting papers to npj Digital Medicine.
Fusion of medical imaging and electronic health records using deep learning: a systematic review and implementation guidelines
Authors: Huang Shih-Cheng , Pareek Anuj , Seyyedi Saeed , Banerjee Imon , Lungren Matthew P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdvancements in deep learning techniques carry the potential to make significant contributions to healthcare, particularly in fields that utilize medical imaging for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decisions. The current state-of-the-art deep learning models for radiology applications consider only pixel-value information without data informing clinical context. Yet in practice, pertinent and accurate non-imaging data based on the clinical history and laboratory data enable physicians to interpret imaging findings in the appropriate clinical context, leading to a higher diagnostic accuracy, informative clinical decision making, and improved patient outcomes. To achieve a similar goal using deep learning, medical imaging pixel-based models must also achieve the capability to process contextual data from electronic health records (EHR) in addition to pixel data. In this paper, we describe different data fusion techniques that can be applied to combine medical imaging with EHR, and systematically review medical data fusion literature published between 2012 and 2020. We conducted a systematic search on PubMed and Scopus for original research articles leveraging deep learning for fusion of multimodality data. In total, we screened 985 studies and extracted data from 17 papers. By means of this systematic review, we present current knowledge, summarize important results and provide implementation guidelines to serve as a reference for researchers interested in the application of multimodal fusion in medical imaging.
Quantification of clinically applicable stimulation parameters for precision near-organ neuromodulation of human splenic nerves
Authors: Gupta Isha , Cassará Antonino M. , Tarotin Ilya , Donega Matteo , Miranda Jason A. , Sokal David M. , Ouchouche Sebastien , Dopson Wesley , Matteucci Paul , Neufeld Esra , Schiefer Matthew A. , Rowles Alison , McGill Paul , Perkins Justin , Dolezalova Nikola , Saeb-Parsy Kourosh , Kuster Niels , Yazicioglu Refet Firat , Witherington Jason , Chew Daniel J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNeuromodulation is a new therapeutic pathway to treat inflammatory conditions by modulating the electrical signalling pattern of the autonomic connections to the spleen. However, targeting this sub-division of the nervous system presents specific challenges in translating nerve stimulation parameters. Firstly, autonomic nerves are typically embedded non-uniformly among visceral and connective tissues with complex interfacing requirements. Secondly, these nerves contain axons with populations of varying phenotypes leading to complexities for axon engagement and activation. Thirdly, clinical translational of methodologies attained using preclinical animal models are limited due to heterogeneity of the intra- and inter-species comparative anatomy and physiology. Here we demonstrate how this can be accomplished by the use of in silico modelling of target anatomy, and validation of these estimations through ex vivo human tissue electrophysiology studies. Neuroelectrical models are developed to address the challenges in translation of parameters, which provides strong input criteria for device design and dose selection prior to a first-in-human trial.
VEGFC negatively regulates the growth and aggressiveness of medulloblastoma cells
Authors: Penco-Campillo Manon , Comoglio Yannick , Feliz Morel Álvaro Javier , Hanna Rita , Durivault Jérôme , Leloire Magalie , Mejias Bastien , Pagnuzzi Marina , Morot Amandine , Burel-Vandenbos Fanny , Selby Matthew , Williamson Daniel , Clifford Steven C. , Claren Audrey , Doyen Jérôme , Picco Vincent , Martial Sonia , Pagès Gilles 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMedulloblastoma (MB), the most common brain pediatric tumor, is a pathology composed of four molecular subgroups. Despite a multimodal treatment, 30% of the patients eventually relapse, with the fatal appearance of metastases within 5 years. The major actors of metastatic dissemination are the lymphatic vessel growth factor, VEGFC, and its receptors/co-receptors. Here, we show that VEGFC is inversely correlated to cell aggressiveness. Indeed, VEGFC decreases MB cell proliferation and migration, and their ability to form pseudo-vessel in vitro. Irradiation resistant-cells, which present high levels of VEGFC, lose the ability to migrate and to form vessel-like structures. Thus, irradiation reduces MB cell aggressiveness via a VEGFC-dependent process. Cells intrinsically or ectopically overexpressing VEGFC and irradiation-resistant cells form smaller experimental tumors in nude mice. Opposite to the common dogma, our results give strong arguments in favor of VEGFC as a negative regulator of MB growth.
Actomyosin and the MRTF-SRF pathway downregulate FGFR1 in mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Zonderland Jip , Rezzola Silvia , Moroni Lorenzo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBoth biological and mechanical signals are known to influence cell proliferation. However, biological signals are mostly studied in two-dimensions (2D) and the interplay between these different pathways is largely unstudied. Here, we investigated the influence of the cell culture environment on the response to bFGF, a widely studied and important proliferation growth factor. We observed that human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs), but not fibroblasts, lose the ability to respond to soluble or covalently bound bFGF when cultured on microfibrillar substrates. This behavior correlated with a downregulation of FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) expression of hMSCs on microfibrillar substrates. Inhibition of actomyosin or the MRTF/SRF pathway decreased FGFR1 expression in hMSCs, fibroblasts and MG63 cells. To our knowledge, this is the first time FGFR1 expression is shown to be regulated through a mechanosensitive pathway in hMSCs. These results add to the sparse literature on FGFR1 regulation and potentially aid designing tissue engineering constructs that better control cell proliferation.
Microbial growth and carbon use efficiency show seasonal responses in a multifactorial climate change experiment
Authors: Simon Eva , Canarini Alberto , Martin Victoria , Séneca Joana , Böckle Theresa , Reinthaler David , Pötsch Erich M. , Piepho Hans-Peter , Bahn Michael , Wanek Wolfgang , Richter Andreas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMicrobial growth and carbon use efficiency (CUE) are central to the global carbon cycle, as microbial remains form soil organic matter. We investigated how future global changes may affect soil microbial growth, respiration, and CUE. We aimed to elucidate the soil microbial response to multiple climate change drivers across the growing season and whether effects of multiple global change drivers on soil microbial physiology are additive or interactive. We measured soil microbial growth, CUE, and respiration at three time points in a field experiment combining three levels of temperature and atmospheric CO2, and a summer drought. Here we show that climate change-driven effects on soil microbial physiology are interactive and season-specific, while the coupled response of growth and respiration lead to stable microbial CUE (average CUE = 0.39). These results suggest that future research should focus on microbial growth across different seasons to understand and predict effects of global changes on soil carbon dynamics.
Cryo-electron tomography of cardiac myofibrils reveals a 3D lattice spring within the Z-discs
Authors: Oda Toshiyuki , Yanagisawa Haruaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Z-disc forms a boundary between sarcomeres, which constitute structural and functional units of striated muscle tissue. Actin filaments from adjacent sarcomeres are cross-bridged by α-actinin in the Z-disc, allowing transmission of tension across the myofibril. Despite decades of studies, the 3D structure of Z-disc has remained elusive due to the limited resolution of conventional electron microscopy. Here, we observed porcine cardiac myofibrils using cryo-electron tomography and reconstructed the 3D structures of the actin-actinin cross-bridging complexes within the Z-discs in relaxed and activated states. We found that the α-actinin dimers showed contraction-dependent swinging and sliding motions in response to a global twist in the F-actin lattice. Our observation suggests that the actin-actinin complex constitutes a molecular lattice spring, which maintains the integrity of the Z-disc during the muscle contraction cycle.
A photocatalytic ensemble HP-T@Au-Fe3O4: synergistic and balanced operation in Kumada and Heck coupling reactions
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Kumar Manoj , Bhalla Vandana 
Published: October 2020

A supramolecular catalytic ensemble HP-T@Au-Fe3O4 supported by highly branched assemblies of hexaphenylbenzene (HPB) derivative has been developed which serve as an efficient catalytic system for Kumada cross coupling and Heck coupling reactions.
Twenty years of progress in angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and its link to SARS-CoV-2 disease
Authors: Ferrario Carlos M. , Ahmad Sarfaraz , Groban Leanne 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe virulence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the aggressive nature of the disease has transformed the universal pace of research in the desperate attempt to seek effective therapies to halt the morbidity and mortality of this pandemic. The rapid sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 virus facilitated identification of the receptor for angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as the high affinity binding site that allows virus endocytosis. Parallel evidence that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease evolution shows greater lethality in patients with antecedent cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or even obesity questioned the potential unfavorable contribution of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor blockers as facilitators of adverse outcomes due to the ability of these therapies to augment the transcription of Ace2 with consequent increase in protein formation and enzymatic activity. We review, here, the specific studies that support a role of these agents in altering the expression and activity of ACE2 and underscore that the robustness of the experimental data is associated with weak clinical long-term studies of the existence of a similar regulation of tissue or plasma ACE2 in human subjects.
Promoting Reading Achievement in Children With Developmental Language Disorders: What Can We Learn From Research on Specific Language Impairment and Dyslexia?
Authors: Adlof Suzanne M. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
Specific language impairment (SLI; see also developmental language disorder) and dyslexia are separate, yet frequently co-occurring disorders that confer risks to reading comprehension and academic achievement. Until recently, most studies of one disorder had little consideration of the other, and each disorder was addressed by different practitioners. However, understanding how the two disorders relate to each other is important for advancing theories about each disorder and improving reading comprehension and academic achievement. The purpose of this clinical focus article is to integrate research on SLI and dyslexia as well as advocate for the consideration of comorbidities in future research and clinical practice.

Method
The first section reviews definitions as well as inclusionary and exclusionary criteria for SLI and dyslexia. The second section reviews research demonstrating that SLI and dyslexia are different disorders that often co-occur. Studies examining language, working memory, and academic achievement in children with separate versus co-occurring SLI and dyslexia are reviewed. The final section compares and contrasts school identification frameworks for children with SLI and dyslexia and considers the potential benefits of incorporating broad language skills into response to intervention (RTI) assessment frameworks.

Conclusions
Children with weak language skills are at a high risk of experiencing reading problems, but language difficulties are often hidden from view. Directly addressing language skills within school RTI frameworks can help improve the identification and treatment of children with SLI and dyslexia as well as support improved reading comprehension and academic achievement for all students.

Presentation Video

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13063793
Formation of interstellar cyanoacetamide: a rotational and computational study
Authors: Sanz-Novo M. , León I. , Alonso J. L. , Largo A. , Barrientos C. 
Published: October 2020

Context. Cyanoacetamide is a –CN bearing molecule that is also an amide derivative target molecule in the interstellar medium.
Aims. The aim of our investigation is to analyze the feasibility of a plausible formation process of protonated cyanoacetamide under interstellar conditions and to provide direct experimental frequencies of the ground vibrational state of the neutral form in the microwave region in order to enable its eventual identification in the interstellar medium.
Methods. We used high-level theoretical computations to study the formation process of protonated cyanoacetamide. Furthermore, we employed a high-resolution laser-ablation molecular beam Fourier transform spectroscopic technique to measure the frequencies of the neutral form.
Results. We report the first rotational characterization of cyanoacetamide, and a precise set of the relevant rotational spectroscopic constants have been determined as a first step to identifying the molecule in the interstellar medium. We fully explored the potential energy surface to study a gas-phase reaction on the formation process of protonated cyanoacetamide. We found that an exothermic process with no net activation barrier is initiated by the high-energy isomer of protonated hydroxylamine, which leads to protonated cyanoacetamide.
Allergisches Kontaktekzem nach Anwendung eines grünen Permanentmarkers
Authors: Wagner Felix , Woitalla-Bruning Jasmin 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungPräoperativ wird zur Vermeidung von Eingriffsverwechslungen die zu operierende Extremität mittels Farbmarkierungen detektiert. In der Phlebologie dient die Farbmarkierung darüber hinaus zum Auffinden der zu operierenden Varikose am Bein und gibt Hinweise darüber, welche Areale vor der Operation betäubt werden müssen. Das dabei verwendete Farbmaterial sollte der mehrmaligen gründlichen Desinfektion/Antisepsis der Haut des Operationsgebiets standhalten.In der Vergangenheit wurde bisher nur selten von Kontaktekzemen ausgelöst durch Permanentmarker berichtet. Wir präsentieren einen klinisch sehr beeindruckenden Fall einer Kontaktallergie auf einen grünen Permanentmarker.