bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of rice biomass wastes for eco-friendly particleboard
Authors: Sejati P S , Kusumah SS , Dwianto W , Surjasa D 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRice husk and rice straw are some of abundantly available agricultural wastes that could substitute the utilization of wood as particleboard raw-materials. Nevertheless, recent studies show that rice husk and rice straw instigated low mechanical and physical properties of particleboard. Modification of rice husk and rice straw particle was investigated in order to improve particleboard properties by immersing rice husk and straw in boiling water (100°C) for 0.5, 1, 2 h and in Na2CO3(80°C) for 1 h, and combination of rice husk as face and back layers and rice straw as core layer. The boards were manufactured under pressing conditions of 200°C for 10 min used citric acid and sucrose as adhesive. Pre-treatment of 1 h boiling water of particle resulted the highest quality of all properties and satisfy the JIS 5908 (2003) requirement in Modulus of Rupture (MOR) and Internal Bonding (IB). Combining rice husk as face and back layer and rice straw as core layer resulting in IB improvement. Compared to the other adhesives, citric acid and sucrose adhesives showed better mechanical and physical properties for rice husk and rice straw particleboard manufacturing.
Characterization and symbiotic evalution of rhizobium bacteria from various plants on soybean (Glycine Max L) plants in green house
Authors: Purwaningsih S , Agustiyani D , Antonius S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Rhizobium bacteria are bacteria including Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) that are able to fix nitrogen, solubilise phosphate, produce enzymes of protease, IAA hormone and siderophore so that it plays, an important role in increasing agricultural productivity. Several rhizobia have been successfully isolated from 8 legume plants from various regions, with the aim of obtaining Rhizobium isolates which are potential, effective and efficient as biological fertilizer agents. A total of 8 isolates were successfully isolated using selective media for Rhizobium bacteria, namely YEMA, following their activities were tested qualitatively N fixing, solubilise phosphate, protease, IAA hormone and siderophore production. All isolates thrive on YEMA+CR media and showed fast growth in YEMA + BTB.. A total of 11 inoculation treatments were tested on soybean plants consisting of 1. EKP (3), 2. EKP (4), 3. i (1), 4 (combined 1-3), 5. 1 (2), 6. B (1), 7. H (2), 8 ( combined 5-7), 9. A (2), 10.2 (1), 11 (combined 9-10). As a control plant without inoculation and without N fertilizer (K1) and plants without inoculation and with N fertilizer equivalent to 100 kg/ha (K2). The planting media used for greenhouse experiments were sterile sand media. The experimental design used were a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Plants growth were observed with parameters included plant height and number of leaves (at 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 weeks). Soybean plants werw harvested at 50 days after planting, following measurement of dry weight of canopy, roots, root nodules, total plants and chlorophyll content. The results showed that 8 individual isolates and 3 combined isolates inoculated to soybean plants varied, all of which were able to increase growth. Isolates number H(2) and 1(2) (isolates of nodules root of Peanut plants) gave the highest yields on the growth of soybean plants.
Isolation and Identification Of Ascomycetous Yeast Producing Phytase
Authors: Kanti A , Sumerta I N , Idris I , Napitupulu T P , Ikhwani AZN 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The objective of the study was to isolate, identify and characterize phytase producing yeast. The yeast was isolated from various resources, and the identification of yeast was conducted by the sequencing of the ITS region. Of 41 isolates, 24 isolated produced phytase. The highest phytse producing yeast was identified as Candida natalensis YEG 132, Saturnispora quitensis YEg 135, and Candida albicans YEg 226. These isolates were able to use various carbon and nitrogen sources. The maximum phytase production depends on isolates, media composition, pH and incubation temperature. Temperature affected phytase production. All isolates produce the highest phytase was at 30°C. Increased temperature to 35° C and 40°C inhibits phytase production by all strains. S. quitensis was the highest isolate inhibited by an increase of incubation temperature. The pH of cultures affects phytase production and varies depending on isolate. S. quitensis and Candida natalesis produced the highest phytase activities at pH 5.0, while C. albicans was at pH 6.0. All isolates were able to assimilate glucose, dextrose, sucrose, xylose and lactose. In general, glucose was the best carbon source for phytase activity. But each isolate has its preferential on carbon sources. S. quitensis produced the highest phytase on glucose, but not on dextrose. Each isolate has preferential on nitrogen sources. Yeast extract was the best N-sources for C. albicans, while ammonium sulfate was best for C. natalensis, S. quitensis. Ammonium nitrate was not favorable for phytase production by C. natalensis. Candida natalensis YEG 132, Saturnispora quitensis YEg 135, and Candida albicans YEg 226 was a good candidate for phytase production.
Biodegradation of Acetonitrile and Benzonitrile by a Newly Isolated Rhodococcus Pyridionvorans Strain I-Benzo from Leather Tanning Waste
Authors: Sulistinah N , Sunarko B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nitriles are toxic organo-cyanide compounds, but extensively used in various industries as solvents, plastics, synthetic rubber, pharmaceuticals, herbicides, and starting materials for other industrially important chemicals. The wider use of these toxic compounds could lead to an environmental pollution, which have a negative impact on health. Some microbes are reported to be able to utilize both aliphatic and aromatic nitrile s as growth substrates and convert them into non-toxic compounds, some of which also have economic value as well. An indigenous bacterial isolate I-benzo, capable of growing on and utilizing of a high concentration of acetonitrile (CH3CN) and benzonitrile (C6H5CN), could be isolated from leather tanning waste by the enrichment-culture technique. Based on 16S rDNA sequence, the strain was identified as Rhodococcus pyridinivorans. These bacterium was shown to able to grow on acetonitrile (0.2-2.0 M) and on benzonitrile (5-25 mM), as a sole source of energy, carbon and nitrogen, respectively. The best growth of R. pyridinivorans strain I-benzo was on 500 mM acetonitrile and on 15 mM benzonitrile. During the degradation of both nitriles using whole cells of the bacterium, amide and carboxilic acid were detected in the reaction media, indicating that nitrile hydratase and amidase involved in the metabolism of the substrate. The involvement of both enzymes on the conversion of acetonitrile and benzonitrile was also proved by the ability of R. Pyridinivorans I-benzo to grow on their intermediate degradation products, acetamide (CH3CONH2) and benzamide (C6H5ONH2), respectively. Based on these results, R. pyridinivorans strain I-benzo could be expected as a potential candidate for biological treatment for nitriles-containing wastes, although further research is still needed before being applied on a field scale.
Optimization of lacease production from a newly isolated Trametes sp. EDN134
Authors: Ningsih F , Yanto D H Y , Mangunwardoyo W , Anita S H , Watanabe T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Laccase is one important enzyme in decolorization of textile dyes. This research aims to study the optimization of laccase production from Trametes sp. EDN134 under several variation of substrates (bagasse, bamboo, Jabon wood, oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), and sorghum fibers), time incubation (1-15 d), growth temperature (25, 27, 30, 32, 35 and 37°C), and concentrations of inducer CuSO4 (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mM). The results showed that optimum laccase specific activity (14,838 U/g) detected in the OPEFB medium at 10 days incubation, temperature 30°C and CuSO4 2 mM. The study suggests that these parameters could be used for the optimization of laccase production from a newly isolated Trametes sp. EDN134.
Isolation of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) producing Bacillus siamensis from peat and optimization of the culture conditions for maximum IAA production
Authors: Suliasih  , Widawati S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Indole acetic acid (IAA) is a phytohormone which one of the important compounds for plant growth and development, affecting as inducing cell elongation, cell enlargement and cell division. IAA synthesized both in the plants and microorganisms. For microorganisms, production of phytohormone IAA is one of the essential criteria for plant growth promotion. The aim of the present study was to isolate and screen IAA producing bacteria from peat land area in West Kalimantan and optimized some culture conditions for maximum IAA production. The production of IAA was determined in TSB and YEMB liquid medium and the optimization of IAA production in culture media was carried out at different of incubation time, L-Tryptophan concentrations, carbon and nitrogen sources, pH and temperature. The result revealed that maximum IAA production of Bacillus siamensis was achieved at 96 hours of incubation. The YEMB medium supplemented with 250 ppm of tryptophan was obtained as the best medium for IAA production (9.89 μg/ml). This bacterium produced optimum levels of IAA in the presence of sucrose (10.23 μg/ml) and tryptone (16.61 μg/ml) as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. In the physical parameters, the maximum production of IAA was recorded at T 35°C (8.42 μg/ml) and a pH of 8.0 (13.29 μg/ml).
The Analysis of tropical cyclones that occurred in the southern sea of Java during the period 2004-2019 and their effects on sea-atmospheric conditions
Authors: Sofiati I , Putranto MF 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTropical cyclones are an important part of the atmospheric circulation system, which transfers heat from the equatorial region to higher latitudes. The birth of a tropical cyclone will have an impact on increasing the intensity of heavy rain, wave height, strong winds, and the potential for lightning. The purpose of this study is to analyse tropical cyclones and their impact on ocean and atmospheric conditions that occur in the southern of Java. The data used in this study is hourly rainfall data, Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO), wind (direction and speed), significant wave height, sea surface temperature, and sea level pressure hourly from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The method used in this study is averaging hourly data into daily data for each sea-atmospheric parameter during the 16-years observation period (2004-2019), and representing it in the form of descriptive daily on before, being and after the occurrence of tropical cyclones. From the results of the analysis it can be concluded that there were 17 tropical cyclones which mostly occurred in April, resulting in a significant increase in intensity of sea-atmospheric parameters (rainfall, significant wave height, and wind direction & speed), but decreased for sea level pressure. As from the Riley tropical cyclone event that occurred on (24-26) January 2019, rainfall increased in intensity to 951 mm/day, significant wave heights reaching more than 4 m with wind speeds of more than 17 m/sec, sea level pressure is less than 947 hPa, and the average MJO condition is in phase 2, 3, 4, or 5, with a strong period.
Configuration of Bayesian Model Averaging Training Window to Improve Seasonal Rainfall Ensemble Prediction
Authors: Muharsyah R , Hadi T W , Indratno S W 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) is a statistical post-processing method for producing probabilistic forecasts from ensemble prediction in the form of predictive Probability Density Function (PDF). It is known that BMA is able to improve the reliability of the probabilistic forecast of short-and medium-range rainfall forecasts. This study aims to develop the application of BMA to calibrate long-range forecast in order to improve the quality of the seasonal forecast in Indonesia. The seasonal forecast that has been used is monthly rainfall from the output of the ensemble prediction European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) system 4 model (ECS4). This model was calibrated against observational data at 26 stations of Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics of Republic of Indonesia (BMKG) over Java Island in 1981-2018. BMA predictive PDF was generated with a Gamma distribution which was obtained based on Training Window Sequential (TWS) and Conditional (TWC) training windows. Output of BMA-TWC was slightly better than BMA-TWS. Nevertheless, both of them were superior to raw model ECS4. BMA-TWC or BMA-TWS output was varying depend on spatial and temporal, but in general, the best result was in the dry season and during the El Nino phase. BMA was able to improve the distribution characteristics of ensemble prediction. BMA also increased the skill, resolution, and reliability of probability forecast of Below Normal (BN) and Above Normal (AN). Furthermore, the reliability of BN and AN of BMA output were also have the categories of “still very useful” and “perfect” compared to raw model ECS4 that were in the “dangerous” and “not useful” categories. The reliability “still very useful” and “perfect” show that the probabilistic forecast of BN and AN event can be used for making decisions related to seasonal forecast especially over Java island.
The Utilization of Oil Palm Leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Waste as an Antibacterial Solid Bar Soap
Authors: Febriani A , Syafriana V , Afriyando H , Djuhariah Y S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Oil palm leaves (Elaeis guineensis Jacq), which have been underutilized by the community and become waste that usually stacked around the trees, have a potential to be used as active ingredients for making antibacterial solid bar soap. The chemical content of oil palm leaves are tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids that known had antibacterial activity. This research aims to produce oil palm leaves extracts into an active ingredient of solid bar soap formulation with antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and also to evaluate the quality of the solid bar soap. The soap was formulated into 3 formulas with varying concentrations of oil palm leaves ethanolic extract that was F1 (1% ), F2 (2%), and F3 (4%). Oil palm leaves extract was prepared with maceration using ethanol 70%. Antibacterial activity assay of the solid bar soap was carried out using a disc diffusion method with tetracycline as the positive control (K+) and distilled water as the negative control (K-). The soap quality was evaluated for its organoleptic, foam level and foam stability, pH, hardness, water content and free fatty acid. The results showed that all three solid soap formulas meet the soap quality requirements of SNI No. 3532-2016. The solid bar soap did not have inhibition properties against Escherichia coli. However, had inhibition effect against Staphylococcus aureus with an average Inhibition Zone Diameter (IZD) on soap base, F1, F2, and F3 was 8.02 mm, 8.53 mm, 10.53 mm, 12.91 mm respectively.
Characterization and reduction behavior of carbon-infiltrated goethite ore by impregnation of tar recovered from coke oven gas
Authors: Hariyadi A , Cahyono R B , Purwono S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Iron/Steel industry is currently facing serious problem due to excessively dependent on metallurgical coke, which is produced a large amount of CO2 emission and it was limited source in Indonesia. Coke-free iron-making is one of the efficient method to reduce the amount of cokes. Carbon-infiltrated iron ores were prepared by impregnation process from coaltar solution and goethite ore at 500 °C and 600 °C to promote direct reduction in iron making. These variables were systematically characterized by XRD and SEM/EDX. Pore distribution and BET surface area were determined by N2 adsorption-desorption measurement. The XRD signals attributed to Fe2O3 in the goethite ore were completely disappeared and replaced by signals attributed to Fe3O4 after impregnation process. Cross-sectional analyses of composite particles prepared using both temperatures showed that tar-derived carbonaceous materials have completely either impregnated or vapor infiltrated into the mesoporous in pyrolyzed goethite ore. Carbon-infiltrated goethite ore showed a higher reduction degree than conventional coke. It is confirmed that high reactivity of carbon-infiltrated iron ores is due to close contact between the goethite ore and carbon in its nanoporous interior facilitated the fast reduction.
Particle Size Distribution and Yield Analysis of Different Charged Cellulose Nanofibrils Obtained by TEMPO-mediated Oxidation
Authors: Masruchin Nanang , Amanda Putri , Kusumaningrum Wida Banar , Suryanegara Lisman , Nuryawan Arif 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF) was successfully obtained by TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated oxidation with the addition of different oxidant namely NaClO (Sodium Hypochlorite) i.e. 3, 4, 7, 10 and 15 mL followed by ultra-sonication treatment. Size distribution of nanocellulose was observed using particle size analyzer, while surface charged was measured using zeta potentiometer. At different level of oxidant, CNF obtained different charged with different size distribution. As the amount of oxidant increased, the size distribution of CNF increased which correlated to the higher CNF yield, however it decreased at maximum oxidant addition. Although, in general the yield for nanocellulose was very low. With zeta potential value about -48 mV, it showed very stable suspension in water for more than 8 months observation. An optimum oxidant level promoted thinner and longer CNF which further beneficial for better entanglement in the hydrogel formation application.
Socio-Economic Analysis of Traditional Diamond Mining Community in Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan
Authors: Akmiyati N , Damoiko RM , Ulfah R , Najmi H , Abdurrahim AY , Rahiem MDH , Ramli M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Since the 8th century, the South Kalimantan region was known as a diamond producer, especially in the Cempaka Sub-District, Banjarbaru City. Local communities have carried out the work as a traditional diamond miner for generations in groups with a system of division of labor and results. This study aims to determine the effect of diamond mining on the socio-economic conditions of the miners, especially related to income and expenditure. Primary data collection was carried out in May-Augustst 2018 in the Cempaka diamond mining location through field observations, in-depth interviews, FGDs, and questionnaires. Based on David Ricardo’s theory, the informants and respondents were grouped into three categories: diamond miners, landowners, and diamond polisher. The analysis showed that diamond mining contributes to all, but with different income levels. The average monthly income of diamond miners (Rp 1,147,222.22) is the smallest compared to diamond polisher (Rp 2,125,000.00) and landowners (Rp 3,625,000.00). For average expenditures per month, each of which is sequentially Rp 1,186,239.35; Rp 1,020,658.33; and Rp 1,273,950.00. This indicates a deficit between income and expenditure of diamond miners. The deficit was covered by various programs from the government, such as food assistance for poor households (‘Raskin’). The study also showed differences in the socio-economic characteristics of diamond miners, diamond polishers, and landowners.
Iot in Cad 4.0 with Augmented Reality Glass
Authors: Nigal Ashik P.A , Suseendhar P , Manoj N , Subashchandrabose P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This product absorbs the power of our smart phone to endow with the augmented reality (AR) experience. The sensor data fusion and camera allow the software to accurately recognize and trail the surroundings. Radial target image can be easily identified and trailed with the help of our smartphone, thereby creating a link between the holographic image and the target image is possible. This software allows us for the viewing of our own 3D CAD models in augmented reality. The software makes it achievable to sight any CAD models in accurate three dimensions (3D), to size, and in the real context of our own situation. Through mirror, lightweight stereoscopic lenses, and combiner glass, stereo image can be focussed on display before our eyes. As a result, virtual 3D holographic image is generated, which can be viewed from any angle.
Static analysis of different spoke structure of airless and conventional tyre
Authors: Prabhuram T. , Sundaram S. C. Meenakshi , Jegadeeswer S. , Kannan V. Sathish 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
An airless tyre is known as non-pneumatic tyres which are not advocated by air pressure. The major issues related to pneumatic tyre are puncture and flatness due to wear and tear, which lead to the development of airless tyres. The aim of this work is to conduct static analysis of airless tyre, considering various 3D printing materials with different spoke structures. The spoke structures like honeycomb, triangular and diamond and the 3D printing materials such as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene + Polycarbonate (ABS+PC), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) are considered for modelling of airless tyre. For conventional tyre, Neoprene rubber is considered. The static analysis is conducted using ANSYS workbench 19.2, and the total deformation, equivalent elastic strain, equivalent von-mises stress and strain energy are compared and evaluated for conventional and airless tyre.
Pressure Vessel Design by Design by Analysis Route
Authors: Karthikeyan K M B , Balasubramanian T , Bruce A Ruskin , Premkumar P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pressure vessels are conventionally designed based on the Design by Rule (DBR) approach. Standard vessel geometries are designed using simple formulae and charts, formulated as standards and codes based on the rules proposed in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and the European Standard prEN13445-3. The stress categorization problem faced employing DBR methodology was overcome by employing Limit Load Analysis using the DBA approach. A simple unfired vertical cylindrical pressure vessel with torispherical pressure head and Y-forged skirt support was analyzed for its structural integrity using ANSYS software. The results obtained for two different materials, high strength steel P500-QT and the conventional low strength steel P355 employing DBA approach was compared with the calculated results using the DBR approach. The maximum allowable pressure (PMAX) for P500-QT material was found to be 2.5X the maximum pressure calculated using the DBR approach as per ASME codes and 3X times as per EN13445-3 standard. For P355 material the maximum allowable pressure (PMAX) was found to be 2.32X the maximum pressure calculated using the DBR approach as per ASME codes and 2.6X times as per EN13445-3. The DBR methodology proves to be highly conservative whereas the use of DBA leads to less conservative design parameters.