bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxonomic and phylogenetic composition show biotic resistance to exotic invasion in acid seep springs
Authors: Barfknecht David F. , Gibson David J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Few studies have incorporated the evolutionary insights provided by analysis of phylogenetic structure along with community composition to assess the effects of exotic invasion on freshwater wetlands. Here, we assess the taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships among acid seep springs to investigate the potential homogenization or resistance of communities due to invasion of an exotic grass.

Results
Multivariate community analyses indicated differences in community and phylogenetic composition and dispersion among acid seep springs, associated with gradients in soil moisture, canopy cover, and phylogenetic diversity. By contrast, univariate analyses showed differences in taxonomic diversity but not phylogenetic diversity among acid seep springs.

Conclusions
Despite exotic invasion, individual acid seep springs remained taxonomically and phylogenetically distinct from each other. Taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity metrics revealed different aspects of composition, reinforcing the importance of including both in analyses of plant communities for understanding community assembly following exotic invasion and for management purposes. Within acid seep springs, taxonomic and phylogenetic composition appear to be driven more through environmental filtering by light and moisture than by the competitive effects following invasion of an exotic grass in support of Elton’s biotic resistance hypothesis.
First records of the megamouth shark Megachasma pelagios (Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983) as bycatch in Peruvian small-scale net fisheries
Authors: Acuña-Perales Nicolas , Córdova-Zavaleta Francisco , Alfaro-Shigueto Joanna , Mangel Jeffrey C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBetween October 2018 and October 2019, seven megamouth sharks were reported as bycatch in the small-scale surface and midwater gillnet fisheries operating from the ports of Mancora and Salaverry in northern Peru. Here we present details of these specimens and bycatch events that represent the first documented records of this species in Peruvian waters, confirming their occurrence as fisheries bycatch. We recommend continued monitoring programs in small-scale fisheries toward assessing the extent of this species’ occurrence in Peru and its vulnerability to fishery interactions.
θ-deformed multi-dimensional fermion algebras
Authors: Dobie A. Peker 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The conventional d-dimensional fermion algebra does not have a Hopf algebra structure. It is shown that this algebra can be deformed by introducing angular elements and by combining the commutative sine-cosine algebra with the Clifford algebra so that the resulting d-dimensional fermion algebra is a Hopf algebra.
Gaussian closure scheme in the quasi-linkage equilibrium regime of evolving genome populations
Authors: Mauri E. , Cocco S. , Monasson R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Describing the evolution of a population of genomes evolving in a complex fitness landscape is generally very hard. We here introduce an approximate Gaussian closure scheme to characterize analytically the statistics of a genomic population in the so-called quasi-linkage equilibrium (QLE) regime, applicable to generic values of the rates of mutation or recombination and fitness functions. The Gaussian approximation is illustrated on a short-range fitness landscape with two far away and competing maxima. It unveils the existence of a phase transition from a broad to a polarized distribution of genomes as the strength of epistatic couplings is increased, characterized by slow coarsening dynamics of competing allele domains. Results of the closure scheme are corroborated by numerical simulations.
Design and numerical analysis of a high-performance optical modulator based on Si-VO2 Bragg grating waveguide
Authors: Pouyan Sohrab Mohammadi , Miri Mehdi , Sheikhi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2021

Design and numerical characterization of a high-performance

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-based optical modulator are proposed. The modulation is achieved by the phase transition of

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in a Bragg grating which can be formed by the selective

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deposition on a silicon strip waveguide. The interplay of the Bragg reflection and the inherent loss of the metal phase

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is used to increase the extinction ratio (ER) while the similarity of the refractive indices of the silicon and insulator phase

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resulted in a low insertion loss (IL). ER and IL of the modulator are 34.5 dB and 3.4 dB, respectively, at the wavelength of 1.55 µm, and they are, respectively, above 33 dB and below 3.5 dB across the entire optical C-band. The ER can be improved to 110 dB at the expense of an increased IL of 7.3 dB. The energy consumption and the modulation speed are estimated by considering different

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triggering schemes, and it is shown that the energy consumption of 91.7fJ/bit and the speed of 14 THz can be achieved with the proper

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stimulation. Furthermore, the robustness of the device performance to fabrication errors is studied by simulating the effect of the variation in different geometrical parameters.
Integrable all-optical switch for photonic integrated circuits
Authors: Kumar Shatrughna , Sen Mrinal 
Published: January 2021

A completely new model of an all-optical switch (AOS) is proposed using a silicon photonic crystal (PhC) slab based nonlinear Mach–Zehnder interferometer (NMZI). Both arms of the NMZI are designed using p-toluene sulfonate (PTS) based slotted PhC waveguides (PTS-SPCWs). Extreme optical confinement in SPCW is used here to intensify optical nonlinearities of PTS. The intensified nonlinearity produces significant phase changes in optical pulses within a small waveguide length, even when the optical power is sufficiently small. One arm of the NMZI is coupled with a control wave to incur additional phase shift compared to the other due to cross-phase modulation, in addition to self-phase modulation, which is a common phenomenon for both. The differential phase shift originates destructive/constructive interference, leading to a successful switching operation of the AOS. Switching characteristics of the AOS are evaluated for a variety of parameters. A typical example shows that the AOS can switch off 12.55 mW probe power with an extinction ratio of

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50.5

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by applying 5.65 mW control power, while the device footprint is merely

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. The low-power and high-speed operation makes this small footprint AOS device suitable for applications in photonic integrated circuits.
Enhancement of electromagnetically induced transparency and absorption signals in 85Rb atomic vapor medium by using a small external magnetic field
Authors: Chauhan Vikas Singh , Kumar Rohit , Manchaiah Dixith , Easwaran Raghavan K. 
Published: January 2021

In the present work, a theoretical and experimental study to enhance electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) signals in an

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atomic vapor medium at room temperature is conducted. Also, switching from EIT to EIA signal at a particular value of the magnetic field is observed. Further, by using circularly polarized coupling light, the dispersion profile of the linearly polarized probe signal is investigated theoretically and experimentally. The nine-level system of

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D2 transition in a ladder-type configuration is fully solved by using the density matrix theory. The simulated results are found in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations. Hence, an experimental setup is developed for (1) achieving enhanced EIT and EIA signal, (2) switching from EIT to EIA, and (3) dispersion measurement. These observations have potential applications towards measurement of the group velocity of light, quantum memory, quantum information, and optical switching.
Swine hemorrhagic shock model and pathophysiological changes in a desert dry-heat environment
Authors: Shen Caifu , Wei Dunhong , Wang Guangjun , Kang Yan , Yang Fan , Xu Qin , Xia Liang , Liu Jiangwei 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThis study aimed to establish a traumatic hemorrhagic shock (THS) model in swine and examine pathophysiological characteristics in a dry-heat environment.MethodsForty domestic Landrace piglets were randomly assigned to four study groups: normal temperature non-shock (NS), normal temperature THS (NTHS), desert dry-heat non-shock (DS), and desert dry-hot THS (DTHS) groups. The groups were exposed to either normal temperature (25°C) or dry heat (40.5°C) for 3 h. To induce THS, anesthetized piglets in the NTHS and DTHS groups were subjected to liver trauma and hypovolemic shock until death, and piglets in the NS and DS groups were euthanized at 11 h and 4 h, respectively. Body temperature, blood gas, cytokine production, and organ function were assessed before and after environmental exposure at 0 h and at every 30 min after shock to death. Hemodynamics was measured post exposure and post-shock at 0 h and at every 30 min after shock to death.ResultsSurvival, body temperature, oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, and cardiac output were significantly different for traumatic hemorrhagic shock in the dry-heat groups compared to those in the normal temperature groups. Lactic acid and IL-6 had a marked increase at 0.5 h, followed by a progressive and rapid increase in the DTHS group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the combined action of a dry-heat environment and THS leads to higher oxygen metabolism, poorer hemodynamic stability, and earlier and more severe inflammatory response with higher mortality.
Populista aspektusok a politikai beszédekben. Az „én” és a „mi” személyes névmások használata 20. századi diktátorok retorikájában
Authors: H. Prikler Renáta , Huszár Zoltán 
Published: January 2021

A retorika fontos része a politikai beszédeknek, amelyekben bármely elemnek lehet stratégiai fontossága vagy szimbolikus szerepe, még a jelentéktelennek tűnő személyes névmásoknak is. Jelen írás három olyan személy – Hitler, Sztálin és Rákosi – beszédein keresztül mutat be névmáshasználati tendenciákat, akik történelemformáló szerepet játszottak a huszadik században és ezt a szerepet hatásos populista szónoklatokkal igyekeztek erősíteni.
A 2018 őszén végzett kutatás fő célja annak a kiderítése volt, hogy az említett vezetők beszédeiben hogyan változott az „én” és a „mi” személyes névmások használata aktív működésük különböző szakaszaiban. Mikor volt hangsúlyos a gyakran magányos, de a személyt mások fölé emelő „én”, és mikor oldódott fel a gyakran csalóka, nem feltétlenül kollektív „mi”-ben? A korpusznyelvészeti eszközökkel végzett vizsgálathoz és az elemzéshez a beszédek angol nyelven elérhető fordításait használtuk fel, létrehozva három, összességében 70 000 szóból álló “minikorpuszt”. A személyes névmásokat a közvetlen szövegkörnyezetükben vizsgáltuk, így kiemelhettük, hogy mikor, milyen céllal használta őket az adott szónok. Kutatásunk eredményét diagramokban és táblázatokban mutattuk be. A populista szemlélet korokon átívelő természetének érzékeltetésére hasonló elemzésben összevetettük Barack Obama és Donald Trump elnökjelöltséget elfogadó beszédeit, tovább árnyalva azt a szerepet, amelyet az „én és a „mi” személyes névmások egy politikai szónoklatban betöltenek.
Impact of Acute and Persistent Excitation of Prelimbic Pyramidal Neurons on Motor Activity and Trace Fear Learning
Authors: Rose Timothy R. , Marron Fernandez de Velasco Ezequiel , Vo Baovi N. , Tipps Megan E. , Wickman Kevin 
Published: January 2021

Drug-induced neuroadaptations in the mPFC have been implicated in addictive behaviors. Repeated cocaine exposure has been shown to increase pyramidal neuron excitability in the prelimbic (PL) region of the mouse mPFC, an adaptation attributable to a suppression of G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+(GIRK) channel activity. After establishing that this neuroadaptation is not seen in adjacent GABA neurons, we used viral GIRK channel ablation and complementary chemogenetic approaches to selectively enhance PL pyramidal neuron excitability in adult mice, to evaluate the impact of this form of plasticity on PL-dependent behaviors. GIRK channel ablation decreased somatodendritic GABABreceptor-dependent signaling and rheobase in PL pyramidal neurons. This manipulation also enhanced the motor-stimulatory effect of cocaine but did not impact baseline activity or trace fear learning. In contrast, selective chemogenetic excitation of PL pyramidal neurons, or chemogenetic inhibition of PL GABA neurons, increased baseline and cocaine-induced activity and disrupted trace fear learning. These effects were mirrored in male mice by selective excitation of PL pyramidal neurons projecting to the VTA, but not NAc or BLA. Collectively, these data show that manipulations enhancing the excitability of PL pyramidal neurons, and specifically those projecting to the VTA, recapitulate behavioral hallmarks of repeated cocaine exposure in mice.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTProlonged exposure to drugs of abuse triggers neuroadaptations that promote core features of addiction. Understanding these neuroadaptations and their implications may suggest interventions capable of preventing or treating addiction. While previous work showed that repeated cocaine exposure increased the excitability of pyramidal neurons in the prelimbic cortex (PL), the behavioral implications of this neuroadaptation remained unclear. Here, we used neuron-specific manipulations to evaluate the impact of increased PL pyramidal neuron excitability on PL-dependent behaviors. Acute or persistent excitation of PL pyramidal neurons potentiated cocaine-induced motor activity and disrupted trace fear conditioning, effects replicated by selective excitation of the PL projection to the VTA. Our work suggests that hyperexcitability of this projection drives key behavioral hallmarks of addiction.
What Determines The Capital Structure of Property, Real Estate and Building Construction Companies? Evidence from Indonesian Listed Companies
Authors: Fatimah Sari Fitri , Witiastuti Rini Setyo 
Published: January 2021

This research is intended to prove the influence of financial flexibility, asset structure, firm size, profitability and business risk on the capital structure. The population on this study are property, real estate and building construction sector that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2009-2018. The number of samples used were 28 companies with a purposive sampling method. The data studied was obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Methods of data analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression. The results showed that financial flexibility has not significant negative effect on capital structure. Asset structure and firm size have a significant positive effect on capital structure. The profitability and business risk have a significant negative effect on capital structure. Further research is needed to use another proxies such as ROE for profitability variables or standard deviations from ROE for business risk on capital structure and add another sectors or the number of observation periods.
CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF DAYAK TOMUN INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN THE MANAGEMENT LAND RIGHTS: A CASE STUDY OF LAMANDAU, CENTRAL KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA
Authors: Achmadi  , Dimyati Khudzaifah , Absori  , Budiono Arief 
Published: January 2021

Purpose of the study: This research aimed at highlighting the cultural implications in the context of the Dayak Tomun community in maintaining the management of land rights based on the customary in Lamandau, Indonesia.
Methodology: This study used a quantitative doctrinal research method to look at the macro problems in legislation products and a qualitative non-doctrinal research method to look at the problems conceptualized at the level of microanalysis as a symbolic reality.
Main Findings: This research revealed that the cultural approach perspective of the local indigenous people had an important role in the management of land rights. This study discovered the procedures for managing the people's customary land rights, which were simple and based on the local wisdom of the local community, which implied a philosophical meaning of belom behadat (living in traditions, obeying customs), human nature in protecting the realm from destruction.
Applications of this study: The findings of this study may be useful for the government in Indonesia since the findings reveal information as regards the management of land rights viewed from not only the rules and laws, but also a form of behavior, actions, and actual and potential human interactions that will be patterned in the management of land rights of Dayak Tomun indigenous people. The cultural implications of the Dayak Tomun indigenous people in managing local land rights based on local wisdom are sacred.
Novelty: Indigenous people's background has management procedures, which can be seen from the characteristics of traditional lands, such as the presence of planting and family tree. Meanwhile, the term in the management of land rights is a hereditary habit and contains legal values ​​derived from beliefs (religion), customs, and social culture.
DiversitÃ© Floristique Et Valeur De Conservation De La ForÃªt ClassÃ©e De Nâ€™ganda-Nâ€™ganda (Sud-Est De La Cote Dâ€™ivoire)
Authors: Antoine Akaffou Tchimou , Rodelec Neuba Danho Fursy , FranÃ§ois Malan Djah 
Published: January 2021

Lâ€™Ã©tude a Ã©tÃ© entreprise en vue de contribuer Ã une meilleure connaissance de la flore de la forÃªt classÃ©e de Nâ€™ganda-Nâ€™ganda. Pour ce faire, la technique de relevÃ©s itinÃ©rants a Ã©tÃ© utilisÃ©e. Les inventaires itinÃ©rants ont permis dâ€™obtenir une liste de 445 espÃ¨ces de plantes rÃ©parties en 293 genres et 96 familles. Les familles les plus dominantes diffÃ¨rent dâ€™un milieu Ã un autre. Les Rubiaceae sont parmi les familles prÃ©pondÃ©rantes, quel que soit le type de milieu. Les types biologiques sont dominÃ©s par les phanÃ©rophytes Ã plus de 60 %. Le spectre phytogÃ©ographique est marquÃ© par une dominance des espÃ¨ces GuinÃ©o-Congolaises, dans les deux types de forÃªts. En savane, les hÃ©micryptopytes sont les types biologiques les plus dominants. Le nombre Ã©levÃ© dâ€™espÃ¨ces endÃ©miques de Haute GuinÃ©e (58) et ivoiriennes (09) couplÃ© par la prÃ©sence de 22 taxons classÃ©s de rares, devenus rares et en voie dâ€™extinction pour la flore de la CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire et de 20 taxons de la liste rouge de lâ€™UICN (2015), reprÃ©sente sa caractÃ©ristique particuliÃ¨re. Les traits particuliers de cette flore doivent susciter plus dâ€™attention de la part des gestionnaires de cette forÃªt.
This study focuses on providing a better knowledge of the flora of N'ganda-N'ganda forest. The itinerant survey technique was used, and this made it possible to obtain a list of 445 species which was distributed between 293 genera and 96 families. The most dominant families deffer by space. Rubiaceae was between dominated families and all types of spaces. The biological types are dominated more than 60% by the phanerophyts. Phytogeographic spectrum is marked by a strong dominance of species known as Guineo-Congolese in two types of forest. In Savanah, hemicryptophyts was the most dominated biological types. The high number of endemic species from Upper Guinea (58) and Ivorian (9), coupled with the presence of 22 taxa classified as rare and endangered for the flora of CÃ´te d'Ivoire and 20 taxa of IUCN Red List (2015), represents its special character. Particular traits of this flora should attract more attention from managers of this forest.
Assessing Frequency and Clinical Outcomes of BRCA Mutated Ovarian Cancer in Saudi Women
Authors: Agha Naela , Alshamsan Bader , Al-Farsi Sharifa , Ateya Heba Aly , Almugbel Fahed A , Alotaibi Hazem Abdullah , Omar Ayman , Mohamed Amgad Shahin , Alharthy Hanan , Elhassan Tusneem , Salem Hany , Alhussainia Hamed 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose: BRCA gene mutations (BRCAm) had an impact on patients' characteristics and clinical outcomes of ovarian cancer (OC). The frequency and patterns of BRCAm vary among countries and ethnicities. There are limited data from Saudi Arabia (SA); thus, this study aims to determine the frequency, pattern, and impact on patient characteristics and outcomes of BRCAm OC compared to wild-type BRCA (BRCAw) in Saudi women.Methods: This retrospective study evaluated women diagnosed with non-mucinous OC, fallopian tube, or peritoneal carcinoma who had BRCA status tested in an accredited lab between January 2016 and December 2017. The associations between various parameters and BRCAm were estimated using logistic regression. Statistical analysis performed with SPSS (Version 27). Result: Sixty-one women with a median age of 52 at diagnosis were analyzed. Germline BRCA mutations were found in 41% of cases (25/61). The most common deleterious germline BRCA1 mutation was c.1140dupG (39%). Most women (72%) had no family history of cancers and 82% had advanced stage. Regardless of BRCA mutations, an optimal overall response rate (ORR) to first-line treatment has been achieved although most cases relapsed (84%) and the majority were platinum-sensitive relapse (85%). Higher ORR to subsequent lines and better survival were obtained in women with BRCA-mutation.Conclusion: The prevalence of BRCAm of OC was higher in Saudi women compared to regional and most of the international figures. The better clinical outcomes of BRCAm women agreed with the reported evidence. Further studies on BRCA mutations of OC and genetic counseling are highly recommended.Trial registration number and The addresses of the institution at which the work was performed:Trial approved by the Institutional Review Board of King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (RAC # 2171137) and conducted at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, PO Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.