bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rationale and design of “Can Very Low Dose Rivaroxaban (VLDR) in addition to dual antiplatelet therapy improve thrombotic status in acute coronary syndrome (VaLiDate-R)” study
Authors: Gue Ying X. , Kanji Rahim , Wellsted David M. , Srinivasan Manivannan , Wyatt Solange , Gorog Diana A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractImpaired endogenous fibrinolysis is novel biomarker that can identify patients with ACS at increased cardiovascular risk. The addition of Very Low Dose Rivaroxaban (VLDR) to dual antiplatelet therapy has been shown to reduce cardiovascular events but at a cost of increased bleeding and is therefore not suitable for all-comers. Targeted additional pharmacotherapy with VLDR to improve endogenous fibrinolysis may improve outcomes in high-risk patients, whilst avoiding unnecessary bleeding in low-risk individuals. The VaLiDate-R study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03775746, EudraCT: 2018-003299-11) is an investigator-initiated, randomised, open-label, single centre trial comparing the effect of 3 antithrombotic regimens on endogenous fibrinolysis in 150 patients with ACS. Subjects whose screening blood test shows impaired fibrinolytic status (lysis time > 2000s), will be randomised to one of 3 treatment arms in a 1:1:1 ratio: clopidogrel 75 mg daily (Group 1); clopidogrel 75 mg daily plus rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily (Group 2); ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily (Group 3), in addition to aspirin 75 mg daily. Rivaroxaban will be given for 30 days. Fibrinolytic status will be assessed during admission and at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The primary outcome measure is the change in fibrinolysis time from admission to 4 weeks follow-up, using the Global Thrombosis Test. If VLDR can improve endogenous fibrinolysis in ACS, future large-scale studies would be required to assess whether targeted use of VLDR in patients with ACS and impaired fibrinolysis can translate into improved clinical outcomes, with reduction in major adverse cardiovascular events in this high-risk cohort.
Lessons for blue degrowth from Namibia’s emerging blue economy
Authors: Carver Rosanna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGlobally there has been recognition that there is little consensus attributed to the definition of the blue economy. However, despite this acknowledgement, the blue economy is championed for its development potential by the African Union and subsequently, several African states. Having formalised the agenda in its fifth National Development Plan Namibia is working to implement a governance and management framework to “sustainably maximise benefits from marine resources” by 2020 (Republic of Namibia in Namibia’s 5th National Development Plan (NDP5) 2017). Concurrently, new entrants, such as marine mineral mining projects, have emerged in recognition of the potential offered within the state’s Exclusive Economic Zone. This article argues that the uptake of the blue economy is shaped by multiple, and often conflicting, interests. The emergence of the agenda is not apolitical, nor has it been established in isolation from exogenous actors and interests. Subsequently, this article suggests that the critique of the emerging blue economy should be applied to discussions of a blue degrowth movement, to avoid transposing a new agenda over another. As demonstrated with reference to Namibia, contextual and historical issues need to be recognised by degrowth discussions, and their inherent and continued structural effects analysed. This is of particular importance when considering whose voices are represented or excluded by such agendas, complicated by the (geo)physical characteristics of the marine sphere.
Reservoir heterogeneity and fracture parameter determination using electrical image logs and petrophysical data (a case study, carbonate Asmari Formation, Zagros Basin, SW Iran)
Authors: Aghli Ghasem , Moussavi-Harami Reza , Mohammadian Ruhangiz 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAssessment of reservoir and fracture parameters is necessary to optimize oil production, especially in heterogeneous reservoirs. Core and image logs are regarded as two of the best methods for this aim. However, due to core limitations, using image log is considered as the best method. This study aims to use electrical image logs in the carbonate Asmari Formation reservoir in Zagros Basin, SW Iran, in order to evaluate natural fractures, porosity system, permeability profile and heterogeneity index and accordingly compare the results with core and well data. The results indicated that the electrical image logs are reliable for evaluating fracture and reservoir parameters, when there is no core available for a well. Based on the results from formation micro-imager (FMI) and electrical micro-imager (EMI), Asmari was recognized as a completely fractured reservoir in studied field and the reservoir parameters are mainly controlled by fractures. Furthermore, core and image logs indicated that the secondary porosity varies from 0% to 10%. The permeability indicator indicates that zones 3 and 5 have higher permeability index. Image log permeability index shows a very reasonable permeability profile after scaling against core and modular dynamics tester mobility, mud loss and production index which vary between 1 and 1000 md. In addition, no relationship was observed between core porosity and permeability, while the permeability relied heavily on fracture aperture. Therefore, fracture aperture was considered as the most important parameter for the determination of permeability. Sudden changes were also observed at zones 1-1 and 5 in the permeability trend, due to the high fracture aperture. It can be concluded that the electrical image logs (FMI and EMI) are usable for evaluating both reservoir and fracture parameters in wells with no core data in the Zagros Basin, SW Iran.
Salinity Effects on Survival and Reproduction of Hydrozoan Eleutheria dichotoma
Authors: Dańko Aleksandra , Schaible Ralf , Dańko Maciej J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSalinity conditions experienced by organisms in coastal regions may shape their life histories. Here, salinity’s impact on reproduction and survival of the hydrozoanEleutheria dichotomawas investigated using laboratory-cultured individuals originating from Banyuls-sur-Mer (southern France) collected several decades ago. During the experiment (October 2014–July 2015), hydroid colonies and medusae were exposed to three salinities (25, 35, 45). Asexually budded medusae were collected from colonies and reared for three generations obtained by asexual budding of medusae. Salinities experienced by hydroid colonies had only minor effects on initial size, time to maturity, medusa budding, sexual production of planulae by medusae, and survival. In contrast, salinities experienced by medusae influenced their life histories. Compared with medium salinity (35), low-salinity medusae (25) had an earlier onset and higher rates of asexual budding, a later onset and slower rates of sexual reproduction, and higher mortality, which could result from allocation tradeoffs. The increased production of planulae by medusae in low salinity indicated that they were transitioning to a benthic polyp life form more resistant to environmental stress. High salinity (45) delayed asexual maturity, prevented sexual maturity in medusae, and led to lower survival and asexual reproduction rates. Budding rates decreased across the generations; however, planula production rates decreased in medium salinity but increased in low salinity. This might be explained by the accumulation of damage with each generation, and/or by internal rhythms. The flexible responses of this tractable model organism,Eleutheria dichotoma, to salinity change may be useful in future studies on changing estuarine conditions.
Relationships Between Perspective-Taking, Empathic Concern, and Self-rating of Empathy as a Physician Among Medical Students
Authors: Yu Jihye , Lee Sukyung , Kim Miran , Lim Kiyoung , Chang Kihong , Lee Mijin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to ascertain the relationships between perspective-taking, empathic concern, and self-rating of empathy as a physician among medical students.

Methods
This study analyzed the questionnaire responses of 152 medical students enrolled in Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea, in 2018. As measurement instruments, the authors applied the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and Korean Student Version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (Korean JSPE-S), and then examined participant characteristic variables based on the obtained data and conducted subsequent correlation analyses of subscales, one-way ANOVA, and regression analyses.

Results
Medical students with clinical clerkship experience demonstrated higher levels of perspective-taking and empathy as physicians than did students without experience. Moreover, perspective-taking and empathic concern were significant predictors of medical students’ empathy as physicians in the regression model.

Conclusions
Medical students with higher scores in perspective-taking and empathic concern demonstrated higher levels of perception regarding the necessity and importance of empathy as a physician in patient-physician relationships. Therefore, in actual medical situations with patient-centered therapy, to enhance the levels of physician empathy, medical education should focus on the understanding of other persons’ opinions and interpersonal interactions accompanied by empathic concern.
A review of stochastic block models and extensions for graph clustering
Authors: Lee Clement , Wilkinson Darren J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThere have been rapid developments in model-based clustering of graphs, also known as block modelling, over the last ten years or so. We review different approaches and extensions proposed for different aspects in this area, such as the type of the graph, the clustering approach, the inference approach, and whether the number of groups is selected or estimated. We also review models that combine block modelling with topic modelling and/or longitudinal modelling, regarding how these models deal with multiple types of data. How different approaches cope with various issues will be summarised and compared, to facilitate the demand of practitioners for a concise overview of the current status of these areas of literature.
The Hydrogen Bond, the Halogen Bond and Rotational Spectroscopy: A Personal Retrospective
Authors: Legon Anthony 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article is a personal, chronological account of experimental work carried out on the hydrogen bond, the halogen bond and other non-covalent interactions by my research group using (mainly) rotational spectroscopy since 1974. It is not intended to be comprehensive, and therefore does not include contributions made by many groups in the last 40 years or so.
Emergence of Hilltop Settlements in the Southeastern Baltic: New AMS14C Dates from Lithuania and Revised Chronology
Authors: Podėnas Vytenis 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe emergence of hilltop settlements presents a pattern of the first enclosed sites that reflect economic development in several regions within the Southeastern Baltic Bronze Age. This novelty reflects increasing social complexity, differentiating economic relations, as well as rising tension in the region. The phenomenon has received a great deal of interpretation, but chronological problems still remain understudied. Researchers tend to seek the start of hilltop settling practice from early to late II millennium BC. This paper presents14C dates from 7 sites in inland Lithuania, where hitherto no absolute dates were published. The majority of absolute dates has been calibrated to the Hallstatt radiocarbon calibration plateau (ca. 800–400 cal BC) which is significantly later than previously presumed based on dates from Belarusian sites. However, several dates from previously dated hilltop settlements in the region predate the effect. These results indicate the start of hilltop settling practice around 11th–9th centuries cal BC. Review of new and previously published radiocarbon dates suggests a different internal development between SE Baltic coastal and inland regions, likely locating zones, where economic outside stimulus preconditioning emergence of hilltop settlements occurred earlier.
Open Access and Academic Journals in Canada: A Political Science Perspective
Authors: Papillon Martin , O'Neill Brenda , Bourque Mélanie , Marland Alex , White Graham 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe push to implement Open Access (OA) as the new standard for academic research dissemination is creating very real pressures on academic journals. In Canada, the Social Science and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) recently adopted a policy requiring that journals applying for its Aid to Scholarly Journals (ASJ) grant make their scholarly content freely accessible after no more than a 12-month delay. For journals such as the Canadian Journal of Political Science (CJPS) that not only publish high-quality, peer-reviewed articles to a specialized audience but also support the work of scholarly associations through the revenues they generate, the push to move to OA comes with a number of challenges. The Canadian Political Science Association (CPSA) and the Société québécoise de science politique (SQSP) established a committee to chart the best course of action for the CJPS in light of this changing landscape. This article summarizes the key findings of the committee and underscores some of the challenges of OA for journals with a profile similar to the CJPS, as well as for the broader research ecosystem that they support.
An artificial intelligence algorithm that differentiates anterior ethmoidal artery location on sinus computed tomography scans
Authors: Huang J , Habib A-R , Mendis D , Chong J , Smith M , Duvnjak M , Chiu C , Singh N , Wong E 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveDeep learning using convolutional neural networks represents a form of artificial intelligence where computers recognise patterns and make predictions based upon provided datasets. This study aimed to determine if a convolutional neural network could be trained to differentiate the location of the anterior ethmoidal artery as either adhered to the skull base or within a bone ‘mesentery’ on sinus computed tomography scans.MethodsCoronal sinus computed tomography scans were reviewed by two otolaryngology residents for anterior ethmoidal artery location and used as data for the Google Inception-V3 convolutional neural network base. The classification layer of Inception-V3 was retrained in Python (programming language software) using a transfer learning method to interpret the computed tomography images.ResultsA total of 675 images from 388 patients were used to train the convolutional neural network. A further 197 unique images were used to test the algorithm; this yielded a total accuracy of 82.7 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval = 77.7–87.8), kappa statistic of 0.62 and area under the curve of 0.86.ConclusionConvolutional neural networks demonstrate promise in identifying clinically important structures in functional endoscopic sinus surgery, such as anterior ethmoidal artery location on pre-operative sinus computed tomography.
Three-dimensional printing as a tool in otolaryngology training: a systematic review
Authors: Chen G , Jiang M , Coles-Black J , Mansour K , Chuen J , Amott D 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThree-dimensional printing is a revolutionary technology that is disrupting the status quo in surgery. It has been rapidly adopted by otolaryngology as a tool in surgical simulation for high-risk, low-frequency procedures. This systematic review comprehensively evaluates the contemporary usage of three-dimensional printed otolaryngology simulators.MethodA systematic review of the literature was performed with narrative synthesis.ResultsTwenty-two articles were identified for inclusion, describing models that span a range of surgical tasks (temporal bone dissection, airway procedures, functional endoscopic sinus surgery and endoscopic ear surgery). Thirty-six per cent of articles assessed construct validity (objective measures); the other 64 per cent only assessed face and content validity (subjective measures). Most studies demonstrated positive feedback and high confidence in the models’ value as additions to the curriculum.ConclusionWhilst further studies supported with objective metrics are merited, the role of three-dimensional printed otolaryngology simulators is poised to expand in surgical training given the enthusiastic reception from trainees and experts alike.
An introductory guide to fluid models with anisotropic temperatures. Part 2. Kinetic theory, Padé approximants and Landau fluid closures
Authors: Hunana P. , Tenerani A. , Zank G. P. , Goldstein M. L. , Webb G. M. , Khomenko E. , Collados M. , Cally P. S. , Adhikari L. , Velli M. 
Published: December 2019

In Part 2 of our guide to collisionless fluid models, we concentrate on Landau fluid closures. These closures were pioneered by Hammett and Perkins and allow for the rigorous incorporation of collisionless Landau damping into a fluid framework. It is Landau damping that sharply separates traditional fluid models and collisionless kinetic theory, and is the main reason why the usual fluid models do not converge to the kinetic description, even in the long-wavelength low-frequency limit. We start with a brief introduction to kinetic theory, where we discuss in detail the plasma dispersion function

$Z(\unicode[STIX]{x1D701})$

, and the associated plasma response function

$R(\unicode[STIX]{x1D701})=1+\unicode[STIX]{x1D701}Z(\unicode[STIX]{x1D701})=-Z^{\prime }(\unicode[STIX]{x1D701})/2$

. We then consider a one-dimensional (1-D) (electrostatic) geometry and make a significant effort to map all possible Landau fluid closures that can be constructed at the fourth-order moment level. These closures for parallel moments have general validity from the largest astrophysical scales down to the Debye length, and we verify their validity by considering examples of the (proton and electron) Landau damping of the ion-acoustic mode, and the electron Landau damping of the Langmuir mode. We proceed by considering 1-D closures at higher-order moments than the fourth order, and as was concluded in Part 1, this is not possible without Landau fluid closures. We show that it is possible to reproduce linear Landau damping in the fluid framework to any desired precision, thus showing the convergence of the fluid and collisionless kinetic descriptions. We then consider a 3-D (electromagnetic) geometry in the gyrotropic (long-wavelength low-frequency) limit and map all closures that are available at the fourth-order moment level. In appendix A, we provide comprehensive tables with Padé approximants of

$R(\unicode[STIX]{x1D701})$

up to the eighth-pole order, with many given in an analytic form.
Re-establishment of the Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus in Cyprus: priorities for conservation
Authors: Nicolaou Haris , Dendrinos Panagiotis , Marcou Melina , Michaelides Savvas , Karamanlidis Alexandros A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Once widespread throughout the Black and Mediterranean Seas and the coasts of north Africa, the Endangered Mediterranean monk seal Monachus monachus has disappeared throughout most of its original range. In Cyprus evidence suggests that the species became effectively extinct at the end of the 20th century. Following an increase of seal sightings around the island, a monitoring programme was established in 2009 to evaluate the status of the species. During 2009–2018, using field surveys, photographs from camera traps and an information network, we recorded an increasing number of seal sightings, and the birth of several pups, indicating the permanent presence of the species on the island. This is the first recorded re-establishment of a Mediterranean monk seal population in an area of its former range following near eradication.
The Qualifying Field Exam: What Is It Good For?
Authors: McMahon Nicole , Alcantara Christopher , Stephenson Laura B. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTMost political scientists self-identify as a comparativist, theorist, Americanist, or another label corresponding with the qualifying field exams (QFE) that they passed during their doctoral studies. Passing the QFE indicates that a graduate student or faculty member is broadly familiar with the full range of theories, approaches, and debates within a subfield or research theme. The value of the QFE as a form of certification, however, depends on the extent to which the subfield or theme is cohesive in and of itself as well as whether departmental lists draw on a common pool of publications. This article investigates the value of the QFE by examining the cohesiveness of 16 Canadian politics PhD QFE lists. Our findings suggest that it is problematic to assume that scholars who pass a QFE share a common knowledge base.
Let’s Talk about Sex: Examining the Factors Influencing Congressional Response to #MeToo on Twitter
Authors: Clark Jennifer Hayes , Evans Heather K. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis article examines the factors that influence whether members of Congress tweet about the #MeToo movement. Whereas social-identity theory suggests that congresswomen would be more likely to tweet about #MeToo, congressional research argues that increased polarization has resulted in congresswomen bucking gender stereotypes and embracing more partisan behavior than might otherwise be expected (Pearson and Dancey 2011). We examine how gender, partisanship, and ideology shape the Twitter activity of members of Congress surrounding the #MeToo movement using an original dataset of their tweets since October 2017 when the #MeToo movement gained prominence on Twitter. Our findings show that gender and ideology are the strongest predictors of whether Congress members tweet about the #MeToo movement. Liberals—particularly liberal women—are leading the charge in bringing prominence to the #MeToo movement on Twitter.
Government-Corroborated Conspiracies: Motivating Response to (and Belief in) a Coordinated Crime
Authors: Calfano Brian Robert 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTAccusations of conspiracy are nothing new in American politics, but examples in which the government—usually cast as a key player in conspiracy theories—goes on record to corroborate that a conspiracy occurred are rare. I leveraged an experiment that randomly exposes both college-student and general-public subject pools to information about the 1979 House Select Committee on Assassination report of a probable conspiracy in the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. I find that those exposed to government corroboration of a conspiracy (1) are more prone to anger in response to the government report; (2) engage in an increased search of available media information about the assassination; and (3) are more likely to agree with the conclusion of a conspiracy in Kennedy’s murder. Implications for additional research about government pronouncements on controversial issues and follow-on public reaction also are discussed.