bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MULTIPLE MEDICATION USE AND RISK OF TREATED FALL INJURY: THE HEALTH ABC STUDY
Authors: Xue Lingshu , Boudreau Robert M , Donohue Julie M , Zgibor Janice C , Marcum Zachary A , Costacou Tina , Newman Anne B , Strotmeyer Elsa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Multiple medication use within one year is associated with increased fall injury risk in older adults. However, chronically using multiple medications and treated fall injury have rarely been explored, particularly in cohort studies linked with claims data. We examined using &gt;5 medications in 2 or more consecutive years (chronic medication use) as a risk factor for treated fall injury in 1,898 community-dwelling adults (age 73.6±2.9 years; 53% women; 37% black) with linked Medicare Fee-For-Service (FFS) claims from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study since 1997/98 clinic visit. Incident fall injury (N=546) was the first claim from 1998/99 clinic visit to 12/31/08 with an ICD-9 fall code and non-fracture injury code, or fracture code with/without a fall code. Stepwise Cox models with a time-varying predictor of chronic medication use before fall injury or censoring (N=414) vs. not using &gt;5 medications at the same time (N=1008) were adjusted for baseline demographics, lifestyle factors, fall history, quadriceps strength, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, sensory nerve impairment, and kidney function. Fall injury risk increased for chronic medication users (37%) vs. non-users (29%) (HR=1.25[1.00-1.57]), though was attenuated after adjustment for CVD and diabetes (HR=1.18[0.93-1.51]). Sensitivity analyses excluding fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) from medication counts (HR=1.32[0.54-3.20]), or including those using &gt;5 medications non-chronically (N=365) in referent groups (HR=1.22[0.96-1.55]) had consistent findings. Unmeasured comorbidity differences may confound associations of chronic medication use and treated fall injury risk in older adults with Medicare FFS. Considering both chronic diseases and medication use in fall risk assessments is needed.
SITTING PATTERNS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Rosenberg Dori E , Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , walker Rod , Richmire KatieRose , Crane Paul , Larson Eric , LaCroix Andrea 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We examined cross-sectional associations between physical function and device-based (activPAL) sedentary patterns and physical activity. Physical function tasks included time to complete 5 chair stands and walk a 10-foot gait speed course. We estimated associations using linear regression models adjusting for age and sex; coefficients represent estimated change in mean activPAL measures associated with each second increase in gait/chair stands time. Longer gait speed times were associated with more total sitting time (b=0.19, p &lt; 0.01), fewer steps (b=-788.0, p&lt;0.001), fewer sitting breaks (b=-1.7, p&lt;0.01), and more prolonged sitting bouts (b=0.19, p&lt;0.01). Longer chair stand times were associated with more total sitting time (b=0.06, p&lt;0.001), less standing time (b=-0.04, p&lt;0.01), fewer steps (b=-176.8, p&lt;0.001), fewer sitting breaks (b=-0.45, p&lt;0.01), and more prolonged sitting bouts (b=0.07, p&lt;0.001). Prolonged patterns of sitting time and higher total sitting time, in addition to lower physical activity, were consistently associated with worse physical function.
ASSOCIATION OF 10-YEAR WALKING TRAJECTORIES WITH COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER ADULTS: ADULT CHANGES IN THOUGHT STUDY
Authors: Gardiner Paul , Jefferis Barbara J , Richmere KatieRose , LaCroix Andrea Z , Crane Paul K , Larson Eric B , Rosenberg Dori E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We identified trajectories of older adults’ walking and their associations with cognitive function. Data on walking (days/week) were collected at baseline of the Adult Changes in Thought study and every two years for 10 years. Cognitive function was assessed by the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) at year 12. Group-based trajectory analyses identified trajectories among 763 participants (baseline age 70±5 years, 60% female). Regression models, adjusted for baseline sociodemographic and health factors, examined associations with cognitive function. Five walking trajectories were identified: consistently inactive (18.1%), medium active (21.9%), early decline (15.8%), late decline (18.4%), and consistently active (25.8%). Mean CASI score was 92.0 (SD 6.9). CASI scores were lower in early b = -1.66 (95%CI: -2.97, -0.35) and late decline b = -1.89 (-3.26, -0.51) groups, with no difference in consistently active and inactive groups, compared to the medium active trajectory group. Ten-year walking trajectories may determine late-life cognitive function.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS AND SITTING PATTERNS IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Greenwood-Hickman Mikael Anne , Walker Rod L , Richmire KatieRose , LaCroix Andrea , Larson Eric B , Crane Paul K , Rosenberg Dori E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Neighborhood characteristics are associated with self-reported sedentary behavior (SB) in older adults. However, self-report measures are not able to accurately assess total sitting time nor detailed patterns of SB. This analysis explores the relationship between device-based SB variables from activPAL and neighborhood characteristics (demographics) in the ACT cohort. Neighborhood characteristics were assessed with the modified Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (PANES; scored 1.0-4.0, higher score, higher walkability). Data were analyzed using linear regression models adjusted for demographic factors. Higher PANES score was associated with higher daily steps (+1180 daily steps/point on PANES, p&lt;0.001) and sit-to-stand transitions (+2.7 daily transitions/point on PANES, p=0.004). Confirming other studies, neighborhood walkability promotes physical activity. A novel finding was that sitting interruptions, which can only be assessed with devices, were also associated with higher neighborhood walkability, while total sitting time was not.
STUDIES ON ADJUSTMENT TO RETIREMENT: HOW OLDER EUROPEANS NAVIGATE THE RETIREMENT TRANSITION
Authors: Solinge van , Grunwald Olga 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Retirement is a significant life transition in late adult life that often brings about great changes in individuals’ patterns of everyday activity, social networks as well as one’s economic resources, requiring adjustment for both the retiree and other members of the household. Retirement is a process that starts with a preparatory stage, followed by the actual act of retirement and a post-retirement stage where retirees have to get used to the changing aspects of life that result from the work-retirement transition, and seek to achieve psychological comfort with their retirement life. This symposium brings together empirical research on the various stages of the retirement process, from different national backgrounds. The guiding question is how work and the loss of work affect well-being. Hence, the symposium will give insights into the circumstances under which retirement risks well-being and psychological comfort of older adults. Anna Wanka discusses under which conditions retirement feels right for German retirees, and how this feeling shifts and changes throughout the retirement process. Sarah Dury follows with the post-retirement stage by demonstrating a qualitative perspective of recently retired Belgians about their adjustment, role and activities they exert during post-retirement. Isabelle Hansson examines the role of personality for retirement adjustment in a Swedish sample of older adults. Hanna van Solinge explores the impact of agency in the work-retirement transition on adjustment to a longer working life /retirement and life satisfaction in a Dutch panel study.
THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY IN RETIREMENT ADJUSTMENT: LONGITUDINAL EFFECTS ON LIFE SATISFACTION
Authors: Hansson Isabelle , Henning Georg , Buratti Sandra , Lindwall Magnus , Kivi Marie , Johansson Boo , Berg Anne Ingeborg 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Research on the retirement transition suggests that personality can influence the adjustment process, but the mechanisms involved remain still largely unknown. In the present study we investigate direct and indirect associations between the Big Five personality traits and life satisfaction over the retirement transition. Indirect effects were evaluated through the role of personality for self-esteem, autonomy, social support, perceived physical and cognitive health, and financial satisfaction. The sample included 796 older adults and four annual measurement waves in the Swedish longitudinal HEARTS study. Results from multivariate latent growth curve models showed multiple indirect effects of personality. Extraversion was positively related to life satisfaction through increased self-esteem, autonomy, and social support. Neuroticism was negatively associated with life satisfaction through decreased self-esteem, autonomy, social support, and perceived cognitive ability. Our findings suggest that retirees with higher neuroticism are more likely to experience adjustment problems resulting from negative changes in key resources.
SMART LIFE, FITNESS, WELLNESS, AND THE PROMISE OF DIGITAL HEALTH TECHNOLOGIES FOR OLDER PEOPLE
Authors: Katz Stephen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Based on the author’s ethnographic observation and collection of product media kits, videos, and photographs from the Consumer Electronics Show 2019, this paper critiques the ways in which positive lifestyle concepts such as ‘smart life’, ‘fitness’ and ‘wellness’ are designed within products aimed at senior marketing to shape the older consumers as composites of health problems open to technological intervention. However helpful sensor clothing, home surveillance cameras, self-tracking appliances, robotic companions, or digital mobility devices may be, they are also opportunities to capitalize on shared personal data and subscription-based monitoring services. Discussion links these concepts to wider concerns about algorithimic standardization of health risks for older people, healthcare austerity programs, and social inequalities based on technical markers of successful aging and privileged life-course trajectories
THE IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPARENCY AND OPEN SCIENCE IN GERONTOLOGY: PERSPECTIVES FROM EARLY-CAREER RESEARCHERS
Authors: Lodi-Smith Jennifer , Graham Eileen K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The past decade has seen rapid growth in conversations around and progress towards fostering a more transparent, open, and cumulative science. Best practices are being codified and established across fields relevant to gerontology from cancer science to psychological science. Many of the areas currently under development are of particular relevance to gerontologists such as best practices in balancing open science with participant confidentiality or best practices for preregistering archival, longitudinal data analysis. The present panel showcases one of the particular strengths of the open science movement - the contribution that early career researchers are making to these ongoing conversations on best practices. Early career researchers have the opportunity to blend their expertise with technology, their knowledge of their disciplines, and their vision for the future in shaping these conversations. In this panel, three early career researchers share their insights. Pfund presents an introduction to preregistration and the value of preregistration from the perspective of “growing up” within the open science movement. Seaman discusses efforts in and tool for transparency and reproducibility in neuroimaging of aging research. Ludwig introduces the idea of registered reports as a particularly useful form of publication for researchers who use longitudinal methods, and/or those who work with hard-to-access samples. The symposium will include time for the audience to engage the panel in questions and discussion about current efforts in and future directions for transparent, open, and cumulative science efforts in gerontology.
TRANSPARENCY AND REPRODUCIBILITY IN THE NEUROIMAGING OF AGING
Authors: Seaman Kendra L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In concert with broader efforts to increase the reliability of social science research, there are several efforts to increase transparency and reproducibility in neuroimaging. The large-scale nature of neuroimaging data and constantly evolving analysis tools can make transparency challenging. I will describe emerging tools used to document, organize, and share behavioral and neuroimaging data. These tools include: (1) the preregistration of neuroimaging data sets which increases openness and protects researchers from suspicions of p-hacking, (2) the conversion of neuroimaging data into a standardized format (Brain Imaging Data Structure: BIDS) that enables standardized scripts to process and share neuroimaging data, and (3) the sharing of final neuroimaging results on Neurovault which allows the community to do rapid meta-analysis. Using these tools improves workflows within labs, improves the overall quality of our science and provides a potential model for other disciplines using large-scale data.
REGISTERED REPORTS FOR ECRS: ENABLING SLOW SCIENCE ON TIGHT TIMELINES
Authors: Ludwig Rita 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Early career researchers (ECRs) may experience tension between the ideal and actual amounts of time they have to complete a scientific project. Sometimes, a timeline is truncated because a citable product is required for applications or fellowship deadlines. This scenario is especially common for researchers who use longitudinal methods, and/or those who work with hard-to-access samples. Registered reports, an open science initiative, offer one resolution to this tension. In registered reports, the steps of analysis planning, manuscript writing, and peer review occur earlier than the traditional journal article publication process. If an in principle acceptance is earned, ECRs are afforded citable, peer-reviewed acknowledgement of their scientific thinking prior to the conclusion of a research project. This talk will serve as a primer on the registered report process. I will also discuss resources for writing registered reports, and provide a list of relevant participating journals in the field of gerontology.
THE ROLE OF WORK AND RETIREMENT IN COGNITIVE AND BRAIN AGING
Authors: Hueluer Gizem , Rebok George W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
According to the “use it or lose it” hypothesis of cognitive aging, cognitive enrichment and cognitively engaging activities are associated with the maintenance of high levels of cognitive functioning in old age. Similar ideas have been brought forward with respect to characteristics of individuals’ work environment, with more cognitively enriching work demands providing an optimal environment for cognitive development and maintenance. The goal of this research group is to showcase new developments in research on work, retirement and cognitive aging. Hülür et al. examine the role of perceived work environment for cohort differences in trajectories of cognitive change based on 56-year longitudinal data from the Seattle Longitudinal Study. Andel et al. use data from the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging to examine trajectories of cognitive aging before vs. after retirement with two-slope growth curve models. Zulka et al. conduct a systematic literature review on the association between retirement and cognition and examine the role of factors such as occupational experiences and the cognitive domain studied. Burzynska et al. investigate the relationship between stressful and stimulating occupational exposures and structural brain health and cognition in older age. The discussion by George Rebok will focus on how these findings contribute to our understanding of the role of occupational experiences for cognitive and brain aging and how they can be utilized to promote maintenance of cognitive functioning in old age.
REVIEW ON THE COMPLEX RELATION BETWEEN RETIREMENT AND COGNITION: UNRAVELING THE MIXED EVIDENCE
Authors: Zulka Linn Elena , Hansson Isabelle , Hassing Linda B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A systematic review from 2017 revealed a great research gap concerning the question if retirement affects cognitive function. Since then, several longitudinal studies have been published, calling for an updated review. The aim of this review is to provide an update with a focus on different retirement operationalization, different cognitive outcomes, and potential mediators like occupational experiences. Twenty peer-reviewed studies with longitudinal designs were included. The results revealed no clear pattern regarding the association between retirement and the cognitive outcomes. Study results varied in relation to factors like occupational experiences, differences in study quality, and cognitive domains. To get an insight into mechanisms behind the relation between retirement and cognitive functioning, more complex study designs are needed that take into account the impact of pre-retirement factors, different retirement related aspects, and the varying effects depending on cognitive domain.
CAN NEIGHBORHOOD AND LOCAL ENVIRONMENTS MODIFY COGNITIVE DECLINE? FINDINGS FROM THE REGARDS STUDY
Authors: Clarke Philippa J , Finlay Jessica M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Environmental factors may significantly increase the risk of, or buffer against, age-related cognitive decline, yet policies and practices to improve cognitive health outcomes to date largely overlook the role of neighborhoods and socio-physical environmental contexts. Residence in socioeconomically advantaged neighborhoods may promote cognitive function through greater density of physical and social resources (e.g., libraries, parks, coffee shops, air conditioning, community centers) that promote physical activity, facilitate mental stimulation, and encourage social engagement. This symposium will identify natural, built, and social environmental factors linked to changes in cognitive function over time (assessed by animal naming and world list learning tests) based on secondary data analyses of a national, racially diverse (42% Black), population-based sample of over 30,000 Americans aged 45+ in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study followed annually since 2003. The first two papers investigate the roles of racial residential segregation and education on cognitive function disparities at the neighborhood and city scale. The third paper explores fast-food restaurants as socially interactive community spaces for older adults that may help buffer against cognitive decline. The fourth paper investigates effects of local air temperature on cognitive testing performance, and discusses how regional differences and seasonality may buffer or exacerbate temperature-cognition associations. Altogether, the symposium elucidates how cognitive health is impacted by a complex interplay of individual and geographic factors. The papers inform policy-making efforts to improve physical neighborhood environments and social community contexts, which are critical to the well-being of older adults aging in place.
EVALUATING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SLEEP AND MEMORY IN OLDER VETERANS WITH PTSD
Authors: Hall Katherine S , Morey Miriam C , Bosworth Hayden , Beckham Jean , Pebole Michelle 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sleep disturbances are core symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and recent studies also suggest a link between PTSD and cognitive impairment. There is some evidence of an association between sleep disturbances and cognitive abilities, such as memory, though few studies have focused on older adults and fewer still among those with mental health conditions. This study examined the association between subjective memory complaints and sleep (quality and quantity) in older veterans with PTSD. Fifty-four veterans with PTSD (M age=67.4, 85.2% African American, 90.7% men) participated in the study. Sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) and the PSQI Addendum for PTSD (PSQI-A). Memory was assessed using the Frequency of Forgetting Scale (FOF) derived from the Memory Functioning Questionnaire. The relationship between sleep quality parameters and FOF were examined using bivariate correlations and independent samples t test. Over 60% of participants met military-specific criteria for poor sleep (PSQI≥10; PSQI-A&gt;5). Overall sleep quality on the PSQI-A was significantly associated with worse memory (r=-0.38, p&lt;.01). Among specific sleep parameters (e.g., sleep latency, sleep duration), greater daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness was significantly associated with worse memory (r=-0.44, p&lt;.01). Between-group analyses comparing memory complaints across participants classified as ‘poor’ versus ‘good’ sleepers on the PSQI-A approached significance (t(52)=1.93, p=.06). This study suggests that poor sleep may be a correlate of memory complaints among older adults with PTSD. Future studies are needed to determine whether poor sleep is an underlying factor in the link between PTSD and cognitive impairment.
MIND-BASED AND MOVEMENT-BASED MIND-BODY INTERVENTION FOR CHINESE OLDER PEOPLE WITH DEPRESSION
Authors: Chan Sunny H W , Lo Herman H M , Yu Chong Ho 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Mind-body intervention has been well established as an alternative psychosocial intervention for managing depression. Mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) and health qigong (HQ) are two common forms of mind-body intervention which share the common focus on breathing. However, they may represent two distinct approaches with different mechanisms. MBI focuses more on mind-based practices whereas HQ may focus predominantly on body-based movement practices. Thus, a large research gap in comparing the unique therapeutic effects of mind-based and movement-based health practices on alleviating depression among older people is worthy of further investigation. A total of 45 community-dwelling Chinese older adults aged 60 or above with symptoms of clinical depression were recruited. They were randomly assigned to three different groups, including an MBI group, a HQ group, and a waitlist control (WLC) group. Comparisons were made before and after 8-week interventions. Regarding the primary outcome, the effect sizes between the MBI and WLC groups, as well as between the HQ and WLC groups, were reasonably large (Hedges’ g = 1.338 and 0.725, respectively), yet the effect size between the MBI and HQ groups was moderate (Hedges’ g = 0.325). Specifically, participants in the MBI group showed more improvements on perceived stress, self-efficacy, and mental health, whereas participants in the HQ group showed relatively better performance regarding interoception and physical mobility. Findings from this research demonstrate the unique therapeutic effects of mind-based and movement-based interventions on alleviating depression among older people. The application of two distinct forms of mind-body intervention in a Chinese context is discussed.