bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SimAS: A simulation‐assisted approach for the scheduling algorithm selection under perturbations
Authors: Mohammed Ali , Ciorba Florina M. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryMany scientific applications consist of large and computationally intensive loops. Dynamic loop self‐scheduling (DLS) techniques are used to parallelize and to balance the load of such applications during execution. Load imbalance arises from variations in the loop iteration (or tasks) execution times, caused by problem, algorithmic, or systemic characteristics. Variations in systemic characteristics are referred to as perturbations. Our hypothesis is that no single DLS technique can achieve the absolute best performance under various perturbations on heterogeneous high‐performance computing (HPC) systems. Therefore, the selection of the most efficient DLS technique is critical to achieve the best application performance. The goal of this work is to solve the algorithm selection problem for the scheduling of computationally intensive applications under perturbations. Existing work only considers perturbations caused by variations in the delivered computational speed of the HPC systems. However, perturbations in available network bandwidth or latency are inevitable on production HPC systems. A simulation‐assisted scheduling algorithm selection (SimAS) approach is introduced herein as a novel control‐theoretic‐inspired approach to select DLS techniques dynamically that improve the performance of applications executing on heterogeneous HPC systems under perturbations. The present work examines the performance of seven applications on a heterogeneous HPC system under all the above system perturbations. SimAS is evaluated using native and simulative experiments. The performance results confirm the original hypothesis that motivates this work. The experimental evaluation shows that the SimAS‐based DLS selection identifies the most efficient technique and improves application performance in most cases.
Lightweight efficient network for defect classification of polarizers
Authors: Liu Ruizhen , Sun Zhiyi , Wang Anhong , Yang Kai , Wang Yin , Sun Qianlai 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn industrial production, detecting polarizer defects online and in real time is necessary. Existing methods of detecting polarizer defects based on deep learning can ensure the accuracy of classification; however, there are several issues associated with these methods. These include the models having low detection speed, consuming large amounts of memory, and being difficult to be transplanted into online detection systems. To solve the aforementioned problems, a lightweight efficient network (LWEN) structure based on deep learning was designed, which improves the standard convolution layer and the fully connected (FC) layer to minimize the training model size and increase the speed of classification without reducing the accuracy of classification. First, a new building block, the shunt module, was designed to build the LWEN. Subsequently, a global average pooling layer was used to reduce the spatial resolution to 1 before the FC layer. These key technologies were designed to reduce the number of network parameters and minimize the model size of the network. Experimental results show that the proposed LWEN outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art approaches in terms of classification accuracy, speed, and model size.
GW‐BSE Calculations of Electronic Band Gap and Optical Spectrum of ZnFe2O4: Effect of Cation Distribution and Spin Configuration
Authors: Ulpe Anna C. , Bredow Thomas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe G0W0, evGW0, evGW, and scGW0 approximations to many‐body perturbation theory combined with the Bethe‐Salpeter approach (BSE) are applied to calculate electronic and optical properties of the open‐shell spinel ferrite ZnFe2O4. The effect of the various degrees of self‐consistency is assessed by comparison to recent experimental results. Furthermore, the influence of the method for obtaining the ground‐state wavefunction is studied, including the GGA functional PBE with and without an intermediate step using the COHSEX approximation, as well as PBE+U, where we try to minimize the influence of the Hubbard potential U. Best agreement for the optical band gap and the first maxima of the excitation spectrum is obtained with the evGW method based on a PBE+U wavefunction. This method is chosen and converged carefully to yield quantitative results for the optical spectra of four different magnetic structures and cation distributions of ZnFe2O4. With the results we provide a possible explanation for inconsistency in experimental results.
Profiling myelodysplastic syndromes by mass cytometry demonstrates abnormal progenitor cell phenotype and differentiation
Authors: Behbehani Gregory K. , Finck Rachel , Samusik Nikolay , Sridhar Kunju , Fantl Wendy J. , Greenberg Peter L. , Nolan Garry P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to enhance the cytometric analysis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) by performing a pilot study of a single cell mass cytometry (MCM) assay to more comprehensively analyze patterns of surface marker expression in patients with MDS.MethodsTwenty‐three MDS and five healthy donor bone marrow samples were studied using a 34‐parameter mass cytometry panel utilizing barcoding and internal reference standards. The resulting data were analyzed by both traditional gating and high‐dimensional clustering.ResultsThis high‐dimensional assay provided three major benefits relative to traditional cytometry approaches: First, MCM enabled detection of aberrant surface maker at high resolution, detecting aberrancies in 27/31 surface markers, encompassing almost every previously reported MDS surface marker aberrancy. Additionally, three previously unrecognized aberrancies in MDS were detected in multiple samples at least one developmental stage: increased CD321 and CD99; and decreased CD47. Second, analysis of the stem and progenitor cell compartment (HSPCs), demonstrated aberrant expression in 21 of the 23 MDS samples, which were not detected in three samples from patients with idiopathic cytopenia of undetermined significance. These immunophenotypically abnormal HSPCs were also the single most significant distinguishing feature between clinical risk groups. Third, unsupervised clustering of high‐parameter MCM data allowed identification of abnormal differentiation patterns associated with immunophenotypically aberrant myeloid cells similar to myeloid derived suppressor cells.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that high‐parameter cytometry methods that enable simultaneous analysis of all bone marrow cell types could enhance the diagnostic utility of immunophenotypic analysis in MDS.
Revised anonymous authentication protocol for adaptive client‐server infrastructure
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Rehman Aniqa , Chaudhary Pradeep , Li Xiong , Wu Fan , Kumari Saru 
Published: January 2020

SummaryRapid evolution in information and communication technologies has facilitated us to experience mobile communication in our daily routine. Mobile user can only avail the services from the server, once he/she is able to accomplish authentication process successfully. In the recent past, several researchers have contributed diverse authentication protocols for mobile client‐server environment. Currently, Lu et al designed two‐factor protocol for authenticating mobile client and server to exchange key between them. Lu et al emphasized that their scheme not only offers invincibility against potential security threats but also offers anonymity. Although this article reveals the facts that their protocol is vulnerable against client and server impersonation, man‐in‐the‐middle, server key breach, anonymity violation, client traceability, and session‐specific temporary attacks, therefore, we have enhanced their protocol to mitigate the above mention vulnerabilities. The enhanced protocol's security strength is evaluated through formal and informal security analysis. The security analysis and performance comparison endorses the fact that our protocol is able to offer more security with least possible computation complexity.
Influence of glucometric ‘dynamical’ variables on duodenal‐jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) anthropometric and metabolic outcomes
Authors: Colás Ana , Varela Manuel , Mraz Milos , Novak Daniel , Cuesta‐Frau David , Vigil Luis , Benes Marek , Pelikanova Terezie , Haluzik Martin , Burda Vaclav , Vargas Borja 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe endoscopically implanted duodenal‐jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is an attractive alternative to bariatric surgery for obese diabetic patients. This article aims to study dynamical aspects of the glycaemic profile that may influence DJBL effects.MethodsThirty patients underwent DJBL implantation and were followed for 10 months. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed before implantation and at month 10. Dynamical variables from CGM were measured: coefficient of variation of glycaemia, mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions (MAGE), detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), % of time with glycaemia under 6.1 mmol/L (TU6.1), area over 7.8 mmol/L (AO7.8) and time in range. We analysed the correlation between changes in both anthropometric (body mass index, BMI and waist circumference) and metabolic (fasting blood glucose, FBG and HbA1c) variables and dynamical CGM‐derived metrics and searched for variables in the basal CGM that could predict successful outcomes.ResultsThere was a poor correlation between anthropometric and metabolic outcomes. There was a strong correlation between anthropometric changes and changes in glycaemic tonic control (∆BMI‐∆TU6.1: rho = − 0.67, P < .01) and between metabolic outcomes and glycaemic phasic control (∆FBG‐∆AO7.8: r = .60, P < .01). Basal AO7.8 was a powerful predictor of successful metabolic outcome (0.85 in patients with AO7.8 above the median vs 0.31 in patients with AO7.8 below the median: Chi‐squared = 5.67, P = .02).ConclusionsIn our population, anthropometric outcomes of DJBL correlate with improvement in tonic control of glycaemia, while metabolic outcomes correlate preferentially with improvement in phasic control. Assessment of basal phasic control may help in candidate profiling for DJBL implantation.
Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, and Zinc and Their Mixtures to Aquatic Insect Communities
Authors: Mebane Christopher A. , Schmidt Travis S. , Miller Janet L. , Balistrieri Laurie S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We describe 2 artificial stream experiments that exposed aquatic insect communities to zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and cadmium (year 2014) and to Zn, Cu, and nickel (year 2015). The testing strategy was to concurrently expose insect communities to single metals and mixtures. Single-metal tests were repeated to evaluate the reproducibility of the methods and year-to-year variability. Metals were strongly accumulated in sediments, periphyton, and insect (caddisfly) tissues, with the highest concentrations occurring in periphyton. Sensitive mayflies declined in metal treatments, and effect concentrations could be predicted effectively from metal concentrations in either periphyton or water. Most responses were similar in the replicated tests, but median effect concentration values for the mayfly Rhithrogena sp. varied 20-fold between the tests, emphasizing the difficulty comparing sensitivities across studies and the value of repeated testing. Relative to the single-metal responses, the toxicity of the mixtures was either approximately additive or less than additive when calculated as the product of individual responses (response addition). However, even less-than-additive relative responses were sometimes greater than responses to similar concentrations tested singly. The ternary mixtures resulted in mayfly declines at concentrations that caused no declines in the concurrent single-metal tests. When updating species-sensitivity distributions (SSDs) with these results, the mayfly responses were among the most sensitive 10th percentile of available data for all 4 metals, refuting older literature placing mayflies in the insensitive portion of metal SSDs. Testing translocated aquatic insect communities in 30-d artificial streams is an efficient approach to generate multiple species effect values under quasi-natural conditions that are relevant to natural streams. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:812–833. Published 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work, and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Abstract
Concepts of periphyton-mediated pathways of exposure of bioavailable metals to stream insects. (Commissioned artwork by Amy McMahon.)
An efficient quasi‐Newton method for two‐dimensional steady free surface flow
Authors: Demeester Toon , van Brummelen E. Harald , Degroote Joris 
Published: January 2020

SummarySteady free surface flows are of interest in the fields of marine and hydraulic engineering. Fitting methods are generally used to represent the free surface position with a deforming grid. Existing fitting methods tend to use time‐stepping schemes, which is inefficient for steady flows. There also exists a steady iterative method, but that one needs to be implemented with a dedicated solver. Therefore a new method is proposed to efficiently simulate two‐dimensional (2D) steady free surface flows, suitable for use in conjunction with black‐box flow solvers. The free surface position is calculated with a quasi‐Newton method, where the approximate Jacobian is constructed in a novel way by combining data from past iterations with an analytical model based on a perturbation analysis of a potential flow. The method is tested on two 2D cases: the flow over a bottom topography and the flow over a hydrofoil. For all simulations the new method converges exponentially and in few iterations. Furthermore, convergence is independent of the free surface mesh size for all tests.
Comparison of bayberry fermented wine aroma from different cultivars by GC‐MS combined with electronic nose analysis
Authors: Cao Yuxi , Wu Zufang , Weng Peifang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFour bayberry cultivars (Biqi, Dongkui, Wandao, and Dingao) in eastern China were selected to produce the fermented bayberry wine. The volatile flavor compounds in different bayberry wine were compared by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and electronic nose. The results showed that 46 volatile flavor compounds were found in bayberry wine, including 19 esters, 7 alcohols, 6 acids, 2 aldehydes, 2 ketones, 3 terpenes, and 7 others compounds. The most important contribution to the aroma of bayberry wine was esters and alcohols, respectively. Differentiation of four kinds of bayberry wine was conducted analysis by E‐nose. Sensory evaluation showed that Biqi bayberry wine was highly evaluated for its highest score in color, floral aroma, overall acceptability, and fruity aroma. Our results suggest that there were differences in the flavor characteristics of bayberry wine brewed from different varieties of bayberry. The results of this study will provide valuable information for bayberry wine makers to select raw materials.
Comparative study of conventional steam cooking and microwave cooking on cooked pigmented rice texture and their phenolic antioxidant
Authors: Thuengtung Sukanya , Ogawa Yukiharu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe impact of two different cooking processes (microwave and steaming) on cooked rice quality (i.e., texture), and changes in the bioactive compounds (total phenolic content [TPC] and total anthocyanin content [TAC]) and antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP assays) of black and red (nonwaxy) and purple (waxy) pigmented rice were investigated. No significant difference in the firmness between microwave‐cooked rice and steam‐cooked rice was found, except for cooked purple rice. However, microwave cooking promoted an increase in the cooked rice adhesiveness, which approximately higher 2‐ ~ 3‐fold than that of steam cooking with varying among rice cultivars. Microwave cooking also exhibited significantly higher TPC (1.2‐ ~ 2.0‐fold), TAC (2.0‐ ~ 3.2‐fold), DPPH (1.3‐ ~ 2.5‐fold), and FRAP (1.5‐ ~ 2.4‐fold) than steam cooking for black and purple rice cultivars. There was a strong positive correlation among these bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activities (p < .01). Our study indicated that the TPC, TAC, DPPH, and FRAP of all rice examined were remarkably decreased after cooking, and the extent of the decrease depended on the rice cultivar and cooking method.
The buildup of an urge in obsessive–compulsive disorder: Behavioral and neuroimaging correlates
Authors: Stern Emily R. , Brown Carina , Ludlow Molly , Shahab Rebbia , Collins Katherine , Lieval Alexis , Tobe Russell H. , Iosifescu Dan V. , Burdick Katherine E. , Fleysher Lazar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is highly heterogeneous. While obsessions often involve fear of harm, many patients report uncomfortable sensations and/or urges that drive repetitive behaviors in the absence of a specific fear. Prior work suggests that urges in OCD may be similar to everyday “urges‐for‐action” (UFA) such as the urge to blink, swallow, or scratch, but very little work has investigated the pathophysiology underlying urges in OCD. In the current study, we used an urge‐to‐blink approach to model sensory‐based urges that could be experimentally elicited and compared across patients and controls using the same task stimuli. OCD patients and controls suppressed eye blinking over a period of 60 s, alternating with free blinking blocks, while brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging. OCD patients showed significantly increased activation in several regions during the early phase of eyeblink suppression (first 30 s), including mid‐cingulate, insula, striatum, parietal cortex, and occipital cortex, with lingering group differences in parietal and occipital regions during late eyeblink suppression (last 30 s). There were no differences in brain activation during free blinking blocks, and no conditions where OCD patients showed reduced activation compared to controls. In an exploratory analysis of blink counts performed in a subset of subjects, OCD patients were less successful than controls in suppressing blinks. These data indicate that OCD patients exhibit altered brain function and behavior when experiencing and suppressing the urge to blink, raising the possibility that the disorder is associated with a general abnormality in the UFA system that could ultimately be targeted by future treatments.
Numerical evaluation of the thermal performance of a solar air heater equipped with two different types of baffles
Authors: Olfian Hassan , Zabihi Sheshpoli Amirhossein , Mousavi Ajarostaghi Seyed Soheil 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the present study, the effect of utilizing two different types of baffles in the channel of the solar air heater is investigated numerically. The studied baffles include angled rectangular baffles and angled V‐shaped baffles, which are mounted on the bottom and top walls of the duct, respectively. Both considered baffles were evaluated separately which the studied parameter in each section was the angular position of baffles. Finally, the best‐obtained results of both sections were compared to each other. The results indicated that in the rectangular model by comparison between 90° model and no baffle, it was found that the pressure drop and average Nusselt number increase 316.67% and 148.15%, respectively at Reynolds number (Re) = 2000. Also, in V‐shaped angled baffles, the thermal efficiency of β = 90°, 60°, 45°, and 30° are 27%, 18%, 13% higher than no baffle channel at Re = 2000, respectively. Furthermore, at low Re (about Re below 300), utilizing baffles into the channel had no effect on the thermal efficiency of the system compared to the no baffle channel. However, at high Re, it was found that the highest thermal efficiency occurred in the model of rectangular baffles with an angle of 90°.
Variable viscosity and thermophoresis for Soret and Dufour's effects on MHD generation in a non‐Daracian porosity fluid
Authors: Rashed Gamal M. Abdel‐Rahman 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe effect of thermophoresis on a magnetic field generation in a non‐Daracian porous medium flow with the variation of the viscosity fluid in the presence of Soret and Dufour, thermal reaction and diffusion effects over a stretching surface is investigated in the present analysis. The governing equations of continuity, momentum, energy, and concentration are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations, using similarity transformations and then solved numerically. The influence of various physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles are illustrated graphically, and the physical aspects are discussed in detail. Finally, the effects of related physical parameters on the skin friction, the rate of heat and mass transfer are also studied.
Silencing of lncRNA UCA1 curbs proliferation and accelerates apoptosis by repressing SIRT1 signals by targeting miR‐204 in pediatric AML
Authors: Liang Yu , Li Erwei , Zhang Hongliang , Zhang Lina , Tang Yingying , Wanyan Yuanyuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (UCA1) has been reported to sustain the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells through downregulating cell cycle regulators p27kip1. Yet, the foundational mechanism of UCA1 in AML pathologies remains unclear. Herein, we found an escalation of UCA1 expression and suppression of miR‐204 expression in pediatric AML patients and cells. UCA1 silencing suppressed cell proliferative abilities, promoted apoptotic rates, decreased Ki67, and increased cleaved caspase‐3 in AML cells. Moreover, UCA1 sponged miR‐204 and suppressed its expression. UCA1 overexpression inversed the miR‐204 suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis. UCA1 also boosted the expression of SIRT1, a miR‐204 target, via the sponging interaction. Furthermore, miR‐204 inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase‐2 expression, while UCA1 overexpression inversed the inhibitory effects in AML cells. Our findings concluded that UCA1 downregulation repressed cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis through inactivating SIRT1 signals by upregulating miR‐204 in pediatric AML.
lncRNA MSC‐AS1 activates Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway to modulate cell proliferation and migration in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma via miR‐3924/WNT5A
Authors: Hu Zhaoxiong , Li Linhong , Cheng Peng , Liu Qin , Zheng Xuan , Peng Feng , Zhang Qinghong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractKidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most general subtype of renal cell carcinoma, which composes about 1/20 of adult malignancies. The anomaly of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression is proved to mediate cancer progression of various types. The function and mediation mechanism of MSC‐AS1 has rarely been detected in KIRC before. This study started with the mediation of MSC‐AS1 on cell function. In this study, MSC‐AS1 was dramatically upregulated in KIRC and correlated with dismal prognosis of KIRC patients. Knockdown of MSC‐AS1 would suppress the proliferative and migratory properties of KIRC cells. MSC‐AS1 was found to directly downregulate miR‐3924 expression while miR‐3924 directly downregulated WNT5A expression. Meanwhile, MSC‐AS1 could promote the expression of WNT5A, indicating the existence of MSC‐AS1/miR‐3924/WNT5A. Further assays indicated that MSC‐AS1 could enhance Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. By means of rescue assays, the mediation of MSC‐AS1/miR‐3924/WNT5A/β‐catenin axis on KIRC cell proliferation, migration and migration was verified. This study revealed that MSC‐AS1 regulates KIRC cell proliferation and migration via miR‐3924/WNT5A/β‐catenin axis. MSC‐AS1 might contribute to new strategies for KIRC treatment.