Conditions de Travail des Filles-mÃ¨res RejetÃ©es par les Parents et les Partenaires en Milieu Urbain Ivoirien : Cas de la Commune de Yopougon
Authors: Bi GoorÃ© Roland KouamÃ© 
Published: December 2020

Cet article se propose dâ€™analyser les conditions de vie et de travail des filles-mÃ¨res dÃ©laissÃ©es par leurs parents et leurs partenaires. Lâ€™hypothÃ¨se stipule quâ€™abandonnÃ©es, Ã©tant sans soutien, ces adolescentes, pour entretenir leur grossesse, leurs enfants et pour subvenir Ã leurs propres besoins, dÃ©cident de travailler, alors quâ€™elles nâ€™ont pas encore 16 ans, lâ€™Ã¢ge minimum dâ€™admission au travail ou Ã lâ€™emploi. Cette dÃ©cision procÃ¨de de choix, poursuit des buts et est une tentative dâ€™adaptation ou de solution aux problÃ¨mes engendrÃ©s par le dÃ©laissement de ces jeunes filles par leurs proches. La thÃ©orie de rÃ©fÃ©rence est la thÃ©orie stratÃ©gique du crime. Au plan mÃ©thodologique, pendant 7 mois, lâ€™observation et les entretiens semi-directifs ont permis de recueillir des donnÃ©es auprÃ¨s de lâ€™Ã©chantillon dâ€™enquÃªte composÃ© de 181 individus. Cette Ã©tude a recouru aux analyses qualitatives et quantitatives. En termes de rÃ©sultats, les donnÃ©es recueillies indiquent que ces adolescentes sont poussÃ©es sur le marchÃ© du travail par divers facteurs comme la perte de soutien de la part de leur famille et partenaire, leur volontÃ© de se revaloriser, leur statut dâ€™active dâ€™avant grossesse. Par ailleurs, leur force de travail est Â« achetÃ©e Â» par les employeurs pour plusieurs raisons qui sont, entre autres, leur supposÃ©e conscience professionnelle et leur productivitÃ© du fait de leur statut de mÃ¨re, le fait quâ€™elles soient corvÃ©ables et taillables Ã souhait, le fait quâ€™elles soient dÃ©jÃ nanties dâ€™expÃ©rience et de compÃ©tences dans certains mÃ©tiers. Elles vivent dans des conditions dÃ©favorisÃ©es et sont astreintes Ã des activitÃ©s qui, de par leur nature et leurs conditions dâ€™exÃ©cution, peuvent Ãªtre assimilÃ©es aux pires formes de travail des enfants.
This paper focuses on analyzing the living and working conditions of girl mothers. The hypothesis states that these teenagers were abandoned by parents and partners without any support to maintain their pregnancy, their offspring, and to support themselves. As a result, they decided to work when they are not yet 16 years old, which is the minimum age to work or gain an employment. This decision is based on the choice to pursue their goals and is an attempt to adapt or solve the problems caused by the neglect of these girls by their relatives. The reference theory of this study is therefore the strategic theory of crime. In doing this at the methodological level within a period of 7 months, the observation and the semi-directive interviews made it possible to collect data from the survey sample composed of 181 individuals. This study employs a qualitative and quantitative approach. In terms of results, the data collected indicate that these adolescent girls are being pushed into the labor market due to various reasons : loss of support from their family and partner, their desire to reassess themselves, and their pre-pregnancy status. In addition, their labor force is "bought" by the employers for several reasons which include their supposed conscientiousness and productivity because of their motherâ€™s status, the fact that they are manageable and tailor-made, and the fact that they already have experience and skills in certain trades. They live in disadvantaged conditions and are subjected to activities which, as a result of their nature and their conditions of execution, can be assimilated to the worst forms of child labor.