bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of PID-based furnace temperature control system for zirconium calcination
Authors: Febriardy Enrico Willmanda , Sutanto  , Abimanyu Adi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The calcinator furnace in PSTA-BATAN is currently installed with ON-OFF temperature controller to maintaning temperature changes in calcination process. Calcination is a process of heating a substance at high temperature in stages but still below its melting point to remove its impurities. The ON-OFF temperature controller using a relay as the power switching for AC voltages applied on furnace electric heat element when the temperature exceeds or below the set point temperature. The contactor movement in relay will cause a sudden surge of voltages and currents which could lead to the thermal shock or unstable heating rates and unstable holding time. In this paper, the ON-OFF method was developed into Proportional Integral Derivative (PID)-based which has simple structure and robust performance for phase angle controlling in AC voltages applied on furnace electric heat element to controlling the temperature in multi stages by using Arduino Nano as the microcontroller.
Preparation and optimization of SBA-16-Al nanomaterials labeled Technetium-99m for radiation imaging applications
Authors: Nuraeni Witri , Putra Edy Giri Rachman , Daruwati Isti , Prihatiningsih Maria Christina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In today’s of the conventional cancer diagnosis, there are still many problems encountered, such as the ineffectiveness of drug loading, instability, and biocompatibility issues. One alternative method for early detection of cancer is using nuclear techniques using radioactive compounds such as Technetium-99m. In the present research work, a silica mesoporous nanomaterial SBA-16-Al will be introduced as a carrier of imaging agent of radioactive compounds that play a role in radiation imaging. The Al-SBA-16 nanomaterials labeled with 99mTc (99mTc-SBA-16-Al) radioisotope exhibited very interesting nuclear properties for applications in imaging radionuclide diagnoses. Preparation by treatment of milling for 30 hours and ultrasonication bath for 60 minutes produced particle sizes of 510-3900 nm with a median of 1587 nm. Based on the results of this study, the optimum radiochemical purity was obtained at 85.66 ± 0.72% with pH 9 of solutions, the ratio of the amount of SnCl2 and SBA-16-Al to 75 μg compared to 1000 μg (1: 13.3), and incubation time during 20 minutes, with the radioactivity of technetium-99m ranging from 0.21 to 1.23 mCi. The results of the electrophoresis test showed that 99mTc-SBA-16-Al is a neutrally charged compound.
Application of nuclear analytical techniques to assess air quality in Indonesia
Authors: Santoso M. , Lestiani D.D. , Kurniawati S. , Damastuti E. , Osan J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Air pollution has become a global concern because of its effects on the environment and human health. Nuclear analytical techniques (NATs) have important application in air pollution monitoring and research. NATs such as Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), X-ray fluoresence (XRF), and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) have been used in quantification of environmental pollutant especially airborne particulate samples (APM) collected from several cities in Indonesia. The samples were analysed for elemental concentrations by INAA at Siwabessy multipurpose reactor and Bandung TRIGA 2000 reactor in Indonesia, PIXE at Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences New Zealand, XRF at BATAN Bandung Indonesia, and Synchrotron facilities at Elettra Italy. The techniques provide more than 20 significant elements for identification the possible sources of atmospheric aerosol. The results demonstrated that INAA, PIXE, XRF and XANES can complement significantly the elemental characterization of APM providing the concentration of several major, minor and trace elements. These results can be used as important information on levels and sources of air pollution. It could also be used as an early warning, scientific research-based references in designing and revising various government policies and regulations related air quality standards in Indonesia.
Simulation study for ion beam extraction of 150 keV/2mA ion implantor by using SIMION 8.1
Authors: Adabiah S R , Saefurrochman  , Munawaroh S , Haniah S R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A simulation of ion beam extraction and beam formation process for 150 keV/2mA ion implantor using SIMION 8.1. has been done. This simulation is aimed to provide an overview of the influence of the geometry and the effect of the variation of the voltage of both extractor and the acceleration tube of the ion source of ion implantor on the trajectory, beam diameter and beam emittance. The simulation was carried by varying the amount of particles that went through the acclerating tube, varying the accelerating voltage, and the extraction voltage, from 50 to 3000 particles, from 30 kV to 150 kV, and from 1 kV to 10 kV respectively. The simulation results show that the ion extraction process and the ion beam formation at the ion source of ion implantor is very dependent on the geometry and the voltage of both electrode and the extractor on the device. The incorrect electrode geometry and voltage would cause the particle trajectory to be non-linear, while the angle of the beam would diverge too much. We’ve also found that the amount of simulated particle would affect the homogeneity of the cross section of the beam. The bigger the amount of the simulated particle, the more homogeneous and stable the beam becomes. Unfortunately, for 3000 particles the running process was very long and prone to errors. Therefore in this simulation, the amount of particles is set to 2000, which gave us a rather uniform beam cross section. The variation of extraction voltage 1 kV to 10 kV while keeping the accelerating voltage constant at 150 kV produced an increment of the diameter of the ion beam from 3.84 cm to 4.12 cm. The variation of accelerating voltage from 30 kV to 150 kV while keeping the extraction voltage constant at 10 kV caused the spot diameter of the ion beam to increase. The value of the spot diameter of the ion beam when the accelerating voltage is kept at 150 kV are 4.12 ± 0.05 cm and 4.05 ± 0.05 cm for y-axis and x-axis respectively.
Separation the zircon mineral from tailing Tin mining using shaking table
Authors: Sajima  , Handini T , Suyanti  , Sudaryadi  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Separation the zircon mineral from tailing tin mining using a shaking table. Zircon mineral has been separated from the Bangka Belitung tin mine tailings by shaking table. The process stage begins with draining the water until the flow is in a stable state, followed by loading the material through the feeder. The results of the process in the form of concentrate were dried in the oven at 105 °C. This research studied the effects of water discharge, feed rate, and the tilt angle of the shaking table. The results obtained were the optimum water discharge at 17 liters per minute, the feed rate was 15 kg per minute with a tilt angle of the shaking table was 10°. In these conditions, the recovery results obtained were 88.80 %.
Automation of mixing tank system in STTN-BATAN mini plant using DCS Centum VP
Authors: Irwanto Yudi , Harsono Djiwo , Sutanto  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Mixing tank system is main part of STTN-BATAN mini plant which functions to mix two liquid materials from tank 1 and tank 2 into tank 3. At present, proccess in mixing tank system has not fully worked automatically. Where, operator must be operated one by one for the process sequence. This results in the mixing process become less homogeneous. The purpose of this research is to build an automation of mixing tank system in STTN-BATAN mini plant using DCS Centum VP software to get better homogenous. This research began with the creation of new project in Centum VP software, creating HMI displays, DCS programming, and automation testing in STTN-BATAN mini plant. Before optimization, it was shown that the average excess fluid from tank-1 to tank-3 is 6.252 mmH2O, from tank-2 to tank-3 is 5.272 mmH2O. After optimization, better results are obtained. It was shown that the average excess liquid from tank-1 to tank-3 is 1.178 mmH2O, from tank-2 to tank-3 is 1.33 mmH2O.
Three axis milling machine applications for welding samples test neutron instrument using friction stir welding method
Authors: Saparudin Muhamad , Priyanto Tri Hardi , Apriansyah Rifky , Muslih Refai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Milling machine is one of the conventional machine that capable of working on a flat surface, side cuting upright, leaning even the making of grooves and gear. This work on machine tools or finish a workpiece using milling knife (cutter) as chisel cut rotating on the axis of the machine. Welding is one of the important process in the manufacture of sample for industrial use. Friction stir welding one of welding techniques without welding medium. The welding process from this technique is obtained from the combination of heat and pressure due to friction between the spindle and the welding materials. Study on friction stir welding is carried out using a milling machine 3 axis with spindle as a tool for welding processes. The test materials Al and Mg alloy.The sample is positioned steady in sample holder, while the spindle spins welding instrument. Welding is carried out using the Y direction of the engine with a direct corner frais welding processes of 1o. Z-axis direction is used to immerse the spindle holder between two stir welding material to be in the welding, as for the direction of the X-axis is keep stable in its position. Spindle shaft dimension D = 25 mm, L = 100 mm spindle shaft, spindle las D = 5 L = 5, 4 mm. The speed of rotation of the engine use a two-speed variation, i.e 1450rpm and 180rpm. In this research, the result show that using 180rpm of the speed rotation engine with the feeding speed is 1,3 mm/min, and the temperature 55° C,is the optimum condition for welding of Al alloy by Mg, The welding surface look smooth without any cracks contour, as well as the level of its homogeneity of material both look almost reached a percentage of 50:50.
Neutronic analysis of comparation UN-PuN fuel and ThN fuel for 300MWth Gas Cooled Fast Reactor long life without refueling
Authors: Syarifah Ratna Dewi , Arkundato Artoto , Irwanto Dwi , Su’ud Zaki 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Neutronic analysis of comparation UN-PuN fuel and ThN fuel for 300MWth Gas Cooled Fast Reactor long life without refueling has been done. Gas Cooled Fast Reactor is a Generation IV reactor with gas coolant (i.e. helium) and using fast spectrum neutron. The neutronic calculation was carried out using SRAC (Standard Reactor Analysis Code) version 2006 under the Linux Operating System with nuclear data library JENDL4.0. The first calculation is fuel pin cell calculation (PIJ-method) by using a hexagonal cell and then followed by the calculation of the core reactor (CITATION-method). The calculation of the core reactor used homogeneous and heterogeneous core configuration. The UN-PuN fuel use plutonium as a fissile material and natural uranium as a fertile material and the ThN fuel use U233 as a fissile material and natural thorium as a fertile material. The percentages of fissile material are varied in heterogeneous core configuration. It is used to decrease the peaking power in the center of the core. The heterogeneous core configuration contains of Fuel 1 (F1) 8% fissile materials, Fuel 2 (F2) 10% fissile materials, and Fuel 3 (F3) 12% fissile materials. F1 is located in the central core, F2 middle core and F3 outer core. The diameter and height active core are 240 cm and 100 cm. The reflector radial-axial width is 50 cm. All of the calculations can reach burn up time more than 20 years with excess reactivity less than 1 percent (Δk/k <1%) both UN-PuN fuel and ThN fuel. It means that the reactor stable in 20 years. The average of power density both of UN-PuN fuel and ThN fuel are around 66 Watt/cc. The maximum power density of UN-PuN fuel is 94Watt/cc and ThN fule is 129Watt/cc. The UN-PuN fuel has lower maximum power density value than ThN fuel. So, for fast neutron spectrum reactor especially Gas Cooled Fast Reactor type, it is better used UN-PuN fuel than ThN fuel.
Characterization of suspended PM2.5 and PM10 concentration and radioactivity around rembang steam power plant
Authors: Sukirno  , Murniasih Sri , Prabasiwi Devi Swasti 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Around Rembang Power Plant, ambient air samples of PM2.5 and PM10 has been taken. Result of this study can be useful as information for stakeholder and also people around Rembang power plant. Total characterization of average mass concentration in 6 locations for PM 2.5 and PM10 are 17.08 μg/m3 and 27.38 μg/m3 respectively. Those values are below air quality requirement by WHO. According to WHO, PM 2.5 should not exceed 25 μg/m3 and PM10 is not more than 50 μg/m3. Mass of PM 2.5 was around 63% from PM10 mass. This data shows that fossil fuel is main source of suspended particulate matter around Rembang power plant. Radioactivity analysis was done using gamma spectrometry, HPGe detector, radioactive sources (Eu-152 and Cs-137) and also Maestro 2 software. Radioactivity of Ra- 226 for PM2.5 and PM10, are 5.72 μBq/m3 and 7.30 μBq/m3 respectively. Radioactivity of Th-232 for PM2,5 and PM10 are 1.17 μBq/m3 and 2.59 μBq/m3 respectively, while radioactivity of K-40 for PM2.5 and PM10 are 17.68 μBq/m3 and 25.58 μBq/m3, respectively. Those values of radioactivity are below recommended values released by Regulation of Nuclear Regulatory Agency Head Number 7 Year of 2017 About Radioactivity Level in Air. According to this law, radioactivity of Ra-226 is below 1800 μBq/m3 and for Th-232 is below 2300 μBq/m3.
Applicability of EDXRF for elemental analysis in airborne particulate matter (APM): assessment using APM reference material
Authors: Sari D K , Lestiani D D , Kurniawati S , Adventini N , Atmodjo D P D , Kusmartini I 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Nuclear analytical technique such as EDXRF has been widely used for elemental analysis of airborne particulate matters (APM). EDXRF Epsilon5 has been installed and commissioned in Center for Applied Nuclear Science and Technology-BATAN Bandung, Indonesia. Measurement conditions has to be set up to determine several elements: Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Pb, S, Si, Ti and Zn. Optimization was carried out by optimizing the excitation conditions covering the tube voltage, tube current, secondary target, and analysis time. Method validation of EDXRF Epsilon5 was determined using Standard Reference Material (SRM) NIST 2783 Air Particulate on Filter Media for ensuring the reliability on APM analysis. Four measurement conditions with variation setting of tube voltage, tube current, secondary target, and analysis time were defined for several elements. The results of the selected elements were in a good agreement with the certified values. Replication of analysis using air particulate on filter media reference material using EDXRF Epsilon5 were considered as valid, accurate and reliable data.
An interlaboratory comparison of INAA analytical method for coal fly ash elemental characterization
Authors: Damastuti Endah , Santoso Muhayatun , Yusuf Saiful , Woro Yatu N.S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Quality assurance of analytical results has become the high market demand in this globalization era. Accurate and reliable for analytical data is one of the requirements for a testing laboratory to get recognition from customers and institutions that issue certificates, which may be obtained by ensuring the validity of the used analytical methods. Validation of methods applied by laboratories can be done; one of by conducting proficiency tests or inter-laboratory comparative tests. We have been conducted the Inter-laboratory comparative tests for Neutron Activation Analysis for elemental characterization of coal fly ash. Coal fly ash samples were prepared according to ISO Guide 34 and 35, and distributed to eleven NAA laboratories in Indonesia as well as in other countries. As much as 18 elements should be analyzed by participant laboratories. The results were processed statistically using Z-score where it found that three elements (Hg, Se, and Mg) cannot be evaluated due to insufficient data and also high variations of the data, while for other elements such as As, Th, Na, and Sb showed a good agreement among participant laboratories. Through this inter-laboratory comparative testing program, it is expected that NAA laboratories, especially in BATAN, can maintain and improve their performance and quality of their analytical results.
Neutron activation analysis of natural dyes elements to minimize batik industry wastewater
Authors: Indrayani L , Triwiswara M , Salma IR , Nuraini E 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe improvement of the batik industry besides having a positive influence on improving the economy and the welfare of the community also has negative impacts. One of the negative impacts is the emergence of batik industry waste water in quite large quantities. Therefore the use of natural dyes is seen as an alternative effort in terms of minimizing the quantity of batik waste. The batik production process involves heavy metal elements so that the waste also contains heavy metal elements which can potentially pollute the environment. Some batik industries in Yogyakarta do not yet have a waste treatment plant so that the waste is directly discharged into the environment. In this study an analysis of heavy metal elements contained in natural dyes are Tegeran (Cudrania Javanensis) and Jalawe (Terminalia bellirica) by the neutron activation analysis method and enumeration was carried out using a spectrometry detector conducted at Centre of Science and Accelerator Technology-Yogyakarta. This Research state that some metal element Tegeran (Cudrania Javanensis are Th-227, Gd- 161, Kr-88, Na-24,I-135 dan K-40. While Metal elemen in Jalawe (Terminalia bellirica) are Th-227, Rh-104, Ir-192, Br-84, Tl-208, I-135, Eu-152, I-134, Y-92 dan K-40. The use of natural dyes with optimal fixation will produce different color variations. This is because the bonding of metal elements with each metal type in the fixator will form different chemical bonds. It is hoped that by analyzing the metal content of natural dyes, batik performers can use natural dyes optimally and can minimalize wastewater in batik industry. The first section in your paper.
Hierarchical structure and antibacterial activity of olive oil based MZFe2O4 ferrofluids
Authors: Yuliantika Defi , Taufiq Ahmad , Putra Edy Giri Rahman 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
MZFe2O4 (Z = Zn; M = Mn) ferrofluids based on olive oil as liquid carrier was successfully prepared by coprecipitation route. The stability of the MZFe2O4 ferrofluids was maintained by using oleic acid as surfactant agent. Their morphology, crystal structure, fractal structure, and optical behaviours were investigated by means of SEM, XRD, SAXS, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Furthermore, the potency as antibacterial agent of the MZFe2O4 ferrofluids was explored by dilution method. The analysis for the XRD data presented that the MZFe2O4 particles as fillers constructed in nanometric scale with cubic spinel structure. The SEM images of the MZFe2O4 powders tended to agglomerate with spherical shape. Moreover, the MZFe2O4 ferrofluids constructed complex structure with aggregated fractal originated by interaction of internal force of magnetic particles. Theoretically, such phenomenon is predicted as the effect of filler, surfactant, and liquid carrier in the ferrofluids. Interestingly, the MZFe2O4 ferrofluids demonstrated superior performance as antibacterial agent than those of MZFe2O4 nanopowders. Technically, the superior performance of the ferrofluids is believed from its significant enhancing inhibition zone diameter as the effect of olive oil as an appropriate carrier.
Partial Least Square (PLS) Method of Addressing Multicollinearity Problems in Multiple Linear Regressions (Case Studies: Cost of electricity bills and factors affecting it)
Authors: Wondola D W , Aulele S N , Lembang F K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Multiple regression analysis is a statistical analysis used to predict the effect of several independent variables on the dependent variable. The problem that often occurs in multiple linear regression models is multicollinearity which is a condition of a strong relationship between independent variables. To overcome the problem of multicollinearity, the Partial Least Square method is used. This method reduces independent variables that have no significant effect on the dependent variable, then new variables with smaller dimensions are formed which are linear combinations of the independent variables, therefore the partial significance test (t test) becomes an important part in the formation of PLS components. Furthermore, using the PLS method, we obtain: Ŷ = 126.220 + 12.034 (Income) + 12.437 (Number of Family Members) + 12.959 (House Area) +11.919 (Number of Rooms) +12.274 (Number of Electronic Devices)
Nilpotent Graph in Ring Zn
Authors: Tahya F , Persulessy E R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The nilpotent graph is a graph’s structure motivated by the characteristics of some elements of a ring. If G is a graph, G(N) is a nilpotent graph in which the set of all non-nilpotent elements of a ring taken as a vertex set. For each x, y in R\nil(R), x and y are said to be connected or adjacent to an edge, if the sum of the vertices x and y is equal to the nilpotent element in the ring. This research aims to explain how to construct a nilpotent graph G(N) from a commutative ring. The results of this research are the characteristic of the nilpotent graph of a ring Zn
for n prime numbers, a nilpotent graph for the ring Z
2
k, and ring Zn
with n = 6m where 1 ≤ m < 5 can create 3 nilpotent subgraphs, they are a complete subgraph (km
) and 2 regular subgraphs in which the degree of vertices is equal to m.
Development of Utilization of Tuna Bone Waste as a Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Using Padina sp. Seaweed and Palm Oil
Authors: Sutapa I W , Bandjar A , Latupeirissa J , Toesik M M A F 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The development research of heterogeneous catalyst applications from tuna bone waste for biodiesel production with palm oil and Padina sp seaweed oil as a source of oil has conducted. Synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts from tuna bone waste performed through calcination process at 1000 °C for 2 hours. The result of the catalyst conversion from tuna bone waste 49.69%. The use of catalysts in biodiesel production is carried out through the transesterification process using Padina sp. and palm oil. The yield of Padina sp. seaweed oil biodiesel was obtained 0.001%, while biodiesel sourced from palm oil obtained a yield of 66.03%. The biodiesel results obtained were tested physically and chemically according to the minimum requirements as biodiesel.