bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep-learning-based quality filtering of mechanically exfoliated 2D crystals
Authors: Saito Yu , Shin Kento , Terayama Kei , Desai Shaan , Onga Masaru , Nakagawa Yuji , Itahashi Yuki M. , Iwasa Yoshihiro , Yamada Makoto , Tsuda Koji 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) crystals are attracting growing interest in various research fields such as engineering, physics, chemistry, pharmacy, and biology owing to their low dimensionality and dramatic change of properties compared to the bulk counter parts. Among the various techniques used to manufacture 2D crystals, mechanical exfoliation has been essential to practical applications and fundamental research. However, mechanically exfoliated crystals on substrates contain relatively thick flakes that must be found and removed manually, limiting high-throughput manufacturing of atomic 2D crystals and van der Waals heterostructures. Here, we present a deep-learning-based method to segment and identify the thickness of atomic layer flakes from optical microscopy images. Through carefully designing a neural network based on U-Net, we found that our neural network based on U-net trained only with the data based on realistically small number of images successfully distinguish monolayer and bilayer MoS2 and graphene with a success rate of 70–80%, which is a practical value in the first screening process for choosing monolayer and bilayer flakes of all flakes on substrates without human eye. The remarkable results highlight the possibility that a large fraction of manual laboratory work can be replaced by AI-based systems, boosting productivity.
Febrile illness and bicytopenia within hours after tick-borne encephalitis booster vaccination
Authors: Bühler Tim , Boos Noemi , Leuppi-Taegtmeyer Anne B. , Berger Christoph T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe report the case of a 20-year-old male complaining of sudden-onset, severe headaches, fever, chills, and generalized arthralgia. He had no symptoms of a respiratory tract infection. Blood examination revealed severe leukopenia and mild to moderate thrombocytopenia. Onset of symptoms was rapid, intense, and occurred only a few hours after routine tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) booster vaccine. The question of a relationship between booster vaccine administration and the febrile illness with bicytopenia was raised. A broad range of diagnostics excluded infections and other causes for bicytopenia. Symptoms resolved within a few days, and blood counts normalized within two weeks. Due to the close temporal relationship, a transient benign bicytopenia and febrile illness as a systemic reaction to TBE vaccination was assumed. Review of the literature and adverse event reporting systems suggest that this is a very rare reaction.
Aerated Cement Slurry and Controlling Fungal Growth of Low-Cost Biomass-Based Insulation Materials
Authors: Almalkawi Areej T. , Soroushian Parviz 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWood chips or particles as well as shredded straw offer desired thermal insulation qualities. When exposed to a humid environment, however, fungal growth on wood and straw is an important consideration. An experimental investigation was conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of a simple treatment in mitigating fungal growth on wood- and straw-based insulation. This treatment involved blending of wood chips or particles, or shredded straw with an aerated slurry which offers the potential to mitigate fungal growth on biomass by a combination of physical and chemical effects without imposing a weight penalty. Experimental results verified the effectiveness of this treatment in controlling fungal growth on wood and straw subjected to different moisture conditions.
Differences in facial expressions during positive anticipation and frustration in dogs awaiting a reward
Authors: Bremhorst Annika , Sutter Nicole A. , Würbel Hanno , Mills Daniel S. , Riemer Stefanie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFacial expressions are considered sensitive indicators of emotional states in humans and many animals. Identifying facial indicators of emotion is a major challenge and little systematic research has been done in non-primate species. In dogs, such research is important not only to address fundamental and applied scientific questions but also for practical reasons, since many problem behaviours are assumed to have an emotional basis, e.g. aggression based on frustration. Frustration responses can occur in superficially similar contexts as the emotional state of positive anticipation. For instance, the anticipated delivery of a food reward may induce the state of positive anticipation, but over time, if the food is not delivered, this will be replaced by frustration. We examined dogs’ facial expressions in contexts presumed to induce both positive anticipation and frustration, respectively, within a single controlled experimental setting. Using DogFACS, an anatomically-based method for coding facial expressions of dogs, we found that the “Ears adductor” action was more common in the positive condition and “Blink”, “Lips part”, “Jaw drop”, “Nose lick”, and “Ears flattener” were more common in the negative condition. This study demonstrates how differences in facial expression in emotionally ambiguous contexts may be used to help infer emotional states of different valence.
Determining the Hierarchical Architecture of the Human Brain Using Subject-Level Clustering of Functional Networks
Authors: Akiki Teddy J. , Abdallah Chadi G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOptimal integration and segregation of neuronal connections are necessary for efficient large-scale network communication between distributed cortical regions while allowing for modular specialization. This dynamic in the cortex is enabled at the network mesoscale by the organization of nodes into communities. Previous in vivo efforts to map the mesoscale architecture in humans had several limitations. Here we characterize a consensus multiscale community organization of the functional cortical network. We derive this consensus from the clustering of subject-level networks. We applied this analysis to magnetic resonance imaging data from 1003 healthy individuals part of the Human Connectome Project. The hierarchical atlas and code will be made publicly available for future investigators.
A new tool to determine the cellular metabolic landscape: nanotechnology to the study of Friedreich’s ataxia
Authors: Vannocci Tommaso , Dinarelli Simone , Girasole Marco , Pastore Annalisa , Longo Giovanni 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the cell response to oxidative stress in disease is an important but difficult task. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of using a nanomotion sensor to study the cellular metabolic landscape. This nanosensor permits the non-invasive real-time detection at the single-cell level and offers high sensitivity and time resolution. We optimised the technique to study the effects of frataxin overexpression in a cellular model of Friedreich’s ataxia, a neurodegenerative disease caused by partial silencing of the FXN gene. Previous studies had demonstrated that FXN overexpression are as toxic as silencing, thus indicating the importance of a tight regulation of the frataxin levels. We probed the effects of frataxin overexpression in the presence of oxidative stress insults and measured the metabolic response by the nanosensor. We show that the nanosensor provides new detailed information on the metabolic state of the cell as a function of time, that agrees with and complements data obtained by more traditional techniques. We propose that the nanosensor can be used in the future as a new and powerful tool to study directly how drugs modulate the effects of oxidative stress on Friedreich’s ataxia patients and, more in general, on other neurodegenerative processes.
Antigen-binding affinity and thermostability of chimeric mouse-chicken IgY and mouse-human IgG antibodies with identical variable domains
Authors: Choi Juho , Kim Minjae , Lee Joungmin , Seo Youngsil , Ham Yeonkyoung , Lee Jihyun , Lee Jeonghyun , Kim Jin-Kyoo , Kwon Myung-Hee 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConstant (C)-region switching of heavy (H) and/or light (L) chains in antibodies (Abs) can affect their affinity and specificity, as demonstrated using mouse, human, and chimeric mouse-human (MH) Abs. However, the consequences of C-region switching between evolutionarily distinct mammalian and avian Abs remain unknown. To explore C-region switching in mouse-chicken (MC) Abs, we investigated antigen-binding parameters and thermal stability of chimeric MC-6C407 and MC-3D8 IgY Abs compared with parental mouse IgGs and chimeric MH Abs (MH-6C407 IgG and MH-3D8 IgG) bearing identical corresponding variable (V) regions. The two MC-IgYs exhibited differences in antigen-binding parameters and thermal stability from their parental mouse Abs. However, changes were similar to or less than those between chimeric MH Abs and their parental mouse Abs. The results demonstrate that mammalian and avian Abs share compatible V-C region interfaces, which may be conducive for the design and utilization of mammalian-avian chimeric Abs.
Predictors of neovascular activity during neovascular age-related macular degeneration treatment based on optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Bae Kunho , Kim Hyo Jung , Shin Yong Kyun , Kang Se Woong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe advent of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies has remarkably improved the functional outcomes of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients. However, there are guidelines on how to start treatment, the guidelines for discontinuing treatment are not yet clear. In this respect, the treat-extend-stop (TES) protocol have showed us the possibility of discontinuing treatment. In this study, we tried to investigate optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) biomarkers related to recurrence of neovascular activity in eyes with nAMD undergoing treatment using TES protocol. A total of 134 eyes with nAMD were divided into two groups (stop, non-stop) depending on whether they met criteria for stopping anti-VEGF treatment. Quantitative and qualitative OCTA parameters including the morphologic pattern of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) were compared between groups. Of these, 44 eyes (32.8%) were in the stop group and 90 eyes (67.2%) were in the non-stop group. In multivariate regression analysis, closed-circuit pattern of CNV and the presence of peripheral loop were associated with the non-stop group (all p < 0.001). Our results imply that the morphologic appearance of CNV on OCTA after anti-VEGF treatment may be a useful biomarker to predict weaning from treatment.
An epistasis between dopaminergic and oxytocinergic systems confers risk of post-traumatic stress disorder in a traumatized Chinese cohort
Authors: Zhang Kunlin , Li Gen , Wang Li , Cao Chengqi , Fang Ruojiao , Luo Shu , Liu Ping , Zhang Xiang yang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric syndrome that occurs after trauma exposure. Neurotransmitters such as dopamine and oxytocin have been reported to be involved in neuropathology of PTSD. Previous studies indicated that the dopamine–oxytocin interaction may contribute to behavioral disorders. Thus, exploring the epistasis (gene–gene interaction) between oxytocinergic and dopaminergic systems might be useful to reveal the genetic basis of PTSD. In this study, we analyzed two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2268498 for oxytocinergic gene OXTR and rs1801028 for dopaminergic gene DRD2 based on putative oxytocin receptor–dopamine receptor D2 (OTR–DR2) heterocomplex in a Chinese cohort exposed to the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake (156 PTSD cases and 978 controls). Statistical analyses did not find any single variant or gene–environment interaction (SNP × earthquake-related trauma exposure) associated with provisional PTSD diagnosis or symptoms. An OXTR–DRD2 interaction (rs2268498 × rs1801028) was identified to confer risk of provisional PTSD diagnosis (OR = 9.18, 95% CI = 3.07–27.46 and P = 7.37e-05) and further subset analysis indicated that rs2268498 genotypes controlled the association directions of rs1801028 and rs1801028 genotypes also controlled the association directions of rs2268498. Rs2268498 × rs1801028 is also associated with PTSD symptoms (P = 0.043). Our study uncovered a genetic and putative function-based contribution of dopaminergic–oxytocinergic system interaction to PTSD.
Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing: A Treatment Strategy for Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Strand Edythe A. 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to describe a treatment approach, Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC), and to provide clinicians and clinical researchers a clear understanding of the theory and principles that contributed to the design of the treatment as well as the clinical decisions that must be made when implementing it. While brief descriptions of DTTC have been provided in textbooks, a complete summary of the rationale, essential elements, method, and procedures has not yet been published. Such a summary is important so that clinicians can gain a better understanding of and more confidence in using the method for appropriate children. Furthermore, this article provides clinicians and clinical researchers essential information for measurement of fidelity.MethodThe important elements of the DTTC method with rationale for their inclusion are described. The temporal hierarchy of DTTC is depicted, and the dynamic procedure is described in detail, with suggestions for fidelity measurement. Finally, a discussion of important decisions clinicians must make when implementing DTTC is presented.ConclusionsThe goal of DTTC is to improve the efficiency of neural processing for the development and refinement of sensorimotor planning and programming. The rationale for DTTC in general, as well as the key elements important to its administration, are supported by models of speech production and theories of motor learning. Important clinical decisions regarding stimuli, organization of practice, and feedback are based on principles of motor learning in order to facilitate acquisition, retention, and continued improvement of motor speech skills.
Multifunctional polymer-based composite materials with weft-knitted carbon fibrous fillers
Authors: Bezsmertna Viktoriia , Mazna Oleksandra , Kohanyiy Valerii , Vasilenkov Yurii , Bilan Iryna , Shevtsova Maryna , Stavychenko Vadym 
Published: December 2019

The production technology of reinforcement filler for new multifunctional polymer based composites with weft-knitted structure had been proposed. In such reinforcement filler high-strength carbon fibers (CFs) from PAN precursors (wefts) were laid in a knitted fabric as straight continuous yarns, so in such case these CFs were not twisted by knitting machine to form the loops. Various kinds of chemical and inorganic fibers can be used as base yarn in this case, in particular glass, aramid, carbon fibers from hydrate cellulose and etc.
Properties of multifunctional polymer-based composite materials with weft-knitted fillers depend upon fiber composition, relative content of weft and base yarns, scheme filler stacking (1D, 2D and 3D composites).
The electrical conductivity of weft-knitted fabrics shows the strong anisotropy along high-strength fibers in comparison with looped rows, depending on the direction of high-strength CFs (weft). Investigation of shielding properties of polymer based composites reinforced by carbon weft-knitted fabrics showed the possibility of using them as shielding materials with the ability to absorb electromagnetic radiation.
Les peptides D-énantiomériques pourraient représenter une nouvelle piste thérapeutique dans la maladie d’Alzheimer
Authors: Hippolyte Amandine , Vernis Laurence 
Published: December 2019

Pour la quatrième année, dans le cadre du module d’enseignement « Physiopathologie de la signalisation » proposé par l’université Paris-sud, les étudiants du Master « Biologie Santé » de l’université Paris-Saclay se sont confrontés à l’écriture scientifique. Ils ont sélectionné 15 articles scientifiques récents dans le domaine de la signalisation cellulaire présentant des résultats originaux, via des approches expérimentales variées, sur des thèmes allant des relations hôte-pathogène aux innovations thérapeutiques, en passant par la signalisation hépatique et le métabolisme. Après un travail préparatoire réalisé avec l’équipe pédagogique, les étudiants, organisés en binômes, ont ensuite rédigé, guidés par des chercheurs, une Nouvelle soulignant les résultats majeurs et l’originalité de l’article étudié. Ils ont beaucoup apprécié cette initiation à l’écriture d’articles scientifiques et, comme vous pourrez le lire, se sont investis dans ce travail avec enthousiasme ! Deux de ces Nouvelles sont publiées dans ce numéro, les autres le seront dans des prochains numéros.
Abhängigkeitserkrankungen in der fiktionalen Literatur am Beispiel des Romans „Infinite Jest“ von David Foster Wallace
Authors: Schöll Anne Katrin , Schäfer Daniel 
Published: December 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Ziel der Arbeit Im vorliegenden Beitrag untersuchen wir, inwiefern die Lektüre des Romans „Unendlicher Spaß“ von David Foster Wallace eine Erweiterung des psychiatrischen Wissenshorizontes in Bezug auf Abhängigkeitserkrankungen ermöglicht und wie die dargestellten gesellschaftlichen Entwicklungen zu einem umfassenderen Verständnis dieser Psychopathologie beitragen können. Ferner hinterfragen wir, ob auch Patienten von der Lektüre therapeutisch profitieren können.
Methodik Der Roman „Unendlicher Spaß“ wird in Hinblick auf die Fragestellungen mit den Methoden der qualitativen Literaturanalyse interpretiert, insbesondere unter Zuhilfenahme einer Gegenüberstellung von Romanpassagen und der ICD-10-Klassifikation von Abhängigkeitserkrankungen.
Ergebnisse Den ausgewählten Roman kennzeichnet eine personalisierte und hyperrealistisch-detaillierte Ausgestaltung von in psychiatrischer Fachliteratur evident dargestellten Symptomkomplexen. Der Roman eignet sich besonders zur Sensibilisierung von Psychiatern für gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen im Blick auf das Sucht- und Gesundheitsverständnis.
Schlussfolgerung Psychiatrische Lektüre fiktionaler Literatur kann – unabhängig von Krankheit und Format – zu einem erweiterten Krankheitsverständnis führen und dadurch klinische Erfahrung ergänzen und reflektieren.
Bilateraler Reflux – Kontra intravesikale Techniken
Authors: Ebert Anne-Karoline 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungIn der Refluxchirurgie dürfen heute auch Operationsentscheidungen individuell getroffen werden. Da nahezu alle offen operativen Implantationstechniken sehr gute und dauerhafte Ergebnisse erreichen und Eltern wenig invasive Verfahren vorziehen, sollte, wenn zur Korrektur eines bilateralen Refluxes intravesikale Techniken eingesetzt werden, deren erhöhte Invasivität gemessen an längeren Operationszeiten, längerer Katheterliegedauer, längerem stationären Aufenthalt und mehr Komplikationen wie Makrohämaturie und Blasentenesmen im Vergleich zu extravesikalen Techniken diskutiert und mit den Eltern besprochen werden.
Musik und Demenz – Perspektiven einer wachsenden Beziehung
Authors: Spintge Ralph 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDementia as a multi-facetted ailment demands multimodal approaches. Music Therapy has gained sufficient evidence as therapeutic concept in many areas of traditional medicine. Standards for research, methods and quality of application are established. For people suffering from dementia music offers a variety of beneficial effects, especially enhancing communication and quality of life. Care givers appreciate relief in emotionally aversive situations as well.
Symptome, Komorbiditäten und Therapie von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Geschlechtsdysphorie
Authors: Specht Annika Alica , Gesing Julia , Pfaeffle Roland , Koerner Antje , Kiess Wieland 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Geschlechtsdysphorie im Kindes- und Jugendalter (GD) zeigt sich durch eine Inkongruenz zwischen dem Geburtsgeschlecht und der gefühlten Geschlechtsidentität, welche in der Regel in der Pubertät zunimmt. Kinder und Jugendliche mit GD sind häufiger von psychischen Komorbiditäten wie Depressionen betroffen. Diese Arbeit soll einen Überblick über die von uns behandelten Patienten geben.
Methoden Es erfolgte eine Datenanalyse aus den Patientenakten von 66 Patienten, welche sich im Zeitraum von 2005 bis 2018 erstmals mit einer GD in unserer endokrinologischen Ambulanz vorstellten.
Ergebnisse Wir beobachteten einen Anstieg der Neuvorstellungen von maximal einem Patienten pro Jahr zwischen 2005 und 2011 auf zuletzt 18 Neuvorstellungen im Jahr 2018, wobei der Anteil an den insgesamt 14 339 endokrinologischen Patienten desselben Zeitraums mit 0,49% gering ist. 54 der Patienten hatten ein weibliches und 12 ein männliches Geburtsgeschlecht, damit lag das Geschlechterverhältnis bei 4,5:1. Das Durchschnittsalter bei Erstvorstellung betrug 13,6 Jahre. 49 Patienten (74%) überschritten das Pubertätsstadium P3/B3 bzw. P3/G3 nach Tanner. 48 (73%) entwickelten erste Symptome einer GD vor der Pubertät und 30 (45%) zeigten eine psychische Komorbidität. 15 Patienten (23%) berichteten über negative Reaktionen ihres sozialen Umfelds nach ihrem Outing und 17 (26%) machten Erfahrung mit Mobbing in der Schule.
Schlussfolgerung Die Patientenzahl von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit GD ist in den letzten Jahren deutlich gestiegen. Zusätzlich zu der psychischen Belastung aufgrund der GD konnten wir bei ungefähr der Hälfte der Patienten typische psychische Komorbiditäten einer GD feststellen. Außerdem berichten Kinder und Jugendliche von negativen Reaktionen bezüglich ihrer GD in der Schule und der Familie. Die hohe Variabilität des Verlaufs und der Komorbiditäten stellt die zentrale Herausforderung in der Therapie dar.
Men Are from Mars, Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Is from Venous: The Role of Venous Sinus Stenosis and Stenting in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
Authors: Dinkin Marc , Oliveira Cristiano 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), also known as pseudotumor cerebri, is a disease primarily affecting obese women of child-bearing age, typically presenting with positional headaches, diplopia from abducens nerve palsies, pulse-synchronous tinnitus, and visual disturbances related to papilledema, including transient visual obscurations, blurry vision, and visual field defects. Controversy remains regarding the pathophysiology of IIH. Elevated intracranial pressure in IIH is thought to be the result of a dysregulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics, through excessive secretion, reduced drainage, or both. Passive CSF drainage through the arachnoid granulations depends on a pressure gradient between the subarachnoid space and the cerebral venous system, such that elevations in cerebral venous pressure lead to impaired CSF drainage. Dural venous sinus stenosis (DVSS) at the junction of the transverse and sigmoid sinuses, leading to local venous hypertension and a secondary reduction in CSF drainage through the arachnoid granulations, is increasingly recognized as an important component of the pathophysiology of IIH. A growing number of studies have demonstrated a role for stenting of DVSS as an alternative to CSF shunting and optic nerve sheath fenestration in medically refractory IIH patients with vision loss or debilitating symptoms.