bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Move: Exploring WhatsApp as a Tool for Understanding the Intersections between Migration, Mobility, Health and Gender in South Africa
Authors: Gruchy Thea de , Vearey Jo , Opiti Calvin , Mlotshwa Langelihle , Manji Karima , Hanefeld Johanna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Reflecting global norms, South Africa is associated with high levels of cross-border and internal population mobility, yet migration-aware health system responses are lacking. Existing literature highlights four methodological challenges limiting the development of evidence-informed responses to migration and health: (1) lack of engagement with the process of migration; (2) exclusion of internal migrants; (3) insufficient attention to the ways in which gender and other identity markers shape health systems access; and, (4) lack of methodologies that are able to capture ‘real-time’ data about health needs, healthcare seeking experiences, and interactions with healthcare systems over both time and place. In this paper, we reflect on a four-month pilot project which explored the use of WhatsApp Messenger - a popular mobile phone application used widely in sub-Saharan Africa – as a research tool to address these challenges. Results: A four-month pilot was undertaken with 11 participants between October 2019 and January 2020. Using Survey Node, an online platform that allows for the automatic administration of surveys through WhatsApp, monthly surveys were administered. The GPS coordinates of participants were also obtained. Recruited through civil society partners in Gauteng, participants were over the age of 18, comfortable engaging in English, and owned WhatsApp compatible cell phones. Enrolment involved an administered survey and training participants in the study protocol. Participants received reimbursement for their travel costs and cell phone data monthly. Out of a possible 88 survey and location responses, 61 were received. Findings emphasise the ethical and methodological challenges of using WhatsApp as a tool for data collection with migrant and mobile populations.Conclusions: The pilot demonstrates the potential of WhatsApp for addressing our concerns with the current state of research exploring migration and health. It suggests, through the ability to focus on the process of migration, including internal migration, and the opportunities it provides to elucidate the ways in which this process intersects with access to healthcare and gender, that WhatsApp has real potential as a research tool. The pilot informed finalisation of the main study, including ensuring that our approach and research met the ethical standards congruent with the method.
Development of quantitative direct prediction algorithm for the human target organ similarity of human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids and cells
Authors: Lee Mi-Ok , Lee Sugi , Jung Cho-Rok , Ryu Jea-Woon , Son Ye Seul , Jung Kwang Bo , Ahn Jun-Ho , Oh Jung-Hwa , Kim Janghwan , Jang Insu , Choi Jinhyuk , Jung Jaeeun , Park Kunhyang , Lee Byungwook , Kim Dae-Soo , Son Mi-Young , Cho Hyun-Soo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived organoids and differentiated cells have similar characteristics, such as cell types, structure, and functions, to human organs and tissues. Thus, in vitro human organoids and tissue-specific cells serve as a superior alternative to conventional cell lines and animal models in drug development and regenerative medicine. However, since hPSC-derived organoids and differentiated cells show fetal-like features, further differentiation and maturation methods have been developed for the generation of high-quality in vitro models of the corresponding human organs and tissues. Therefore, for a simple and reproducible analysis of the quality of organoids and cells to compensate for the shortcomings of existing experimental validation studies, a quantitative evaluation method should be developed. In this study, using the GTEx database (a total of 8,555 samples in 53 tissues), we constructed a quantitative calculation system (organ-specific panels and calculation algorithm) to assess the similarity to the human lung, stomach, and heart and confirmed the algorithm using in-house RNA-seq data (total RNA from 20 tissues). To evaluate our system, we generated hPSC-derived lung organoids, gastric organoids, and cardiomyocytes and detected 33.4%, 51.7%, and 83.4% similarity, respectively, to the corresponding human target organs. To facilitate access and use of our system for researchers, we developed the web-based user interface (Web-based Similarity Analysis System, W-SAS; for liver, lung, stomach, and heart) presenting similarity to the appropriate organs as percentages and specific gene expression patterns. Thus, the W-SAS system could provide valuable information for the generation of high-quality and readily available organoids/cells differentiated from hPSCs and a strategy to guide proper lineage-oriented differentiation.
Liver Resection Combined with Radiotherapy versus Liver Resection Alone in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Population-based Study
Authors: Chen Lei , Guo Xiaopeng , Chen Shi , Ren Yanqiao , Sun Tao , Yang Fan , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRadiotherapy has been used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) more widely. However, little research focus on comparing the efficacy of patients with liver resection combined with radiotherapy with that received liver resection alone. The study was conducted to evaluate whether the efficacy of liver resection combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of patients with HCC is better than liver resection alone.MethodsThe study utilized the data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 registry (SEER-18). Patients diagnosed with HCC between 2004 and 2015 who received liver resection or the combination of liver resection and radiotherapy were included in the analysis. The propensity score matching model (PSM) was used to reduce selection bias and potential confounding factors.ResultsBefore PSM, the median overall survival (mOS) and median cancer-specific survival (mCSS) of patients treated with liver resection alone were longer than in patients treated with the combination of liver resection and radiotherapy (P<0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference in mOS and mCSS between the groups after PSM (P>0.05). The subgroup analysis after PSM documented that patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage I and II who were treated with liver resection and radiotherapy had no longer mOS and mCSS than patients subjected to the combination of liver resection alone (P=0.151 and P=0.185). Similar results were obtained in the subgroup group of patients with a single tumor smaller than 5 cm. Univariate analysis showed that patients undergoing liver resection combined with radiotherapy did not have an increased all-cause mortality risk (HR:1.214, 95%CI: 0.950-1.553; P=0.122) and cancer-specific mortality risk (HR:1.132, 95%CI: 0.848-1.510; P=0.401) when compared to patients treated with liver resection alone after PSM.ConclusionThe combination of liver resection and radiotherapy does not prolong the survival of HCC patients more than liver resection alone.
mSwap: A Large-Scale Image-Compositing Method with Optimal m-ary Tree
Authors: Hou Min , Bi Chongke , Wang Fang , Deng Liang , Zheng Gang , Meng Xiangfei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
With the increasing of computing ability, large-scale science simulations have been generating massive amounts of data in aerodynamics. Sort-last parallel rendering is a proven approach for large-scale science visualization. However, in the stage of image compositing, the sort-last method may suffer from scalability problem on large-scale processors. Existing image compositing algorithms tend to perform well in certain situations. For instance, Direct Send is well on small and medium scale; Radix-k gets well performance only when the k -value is appropriate and so on. In this paper, we propose a novel method named mSwap for science visualization in aerodynamics, which uses the best scale of processors to make sure its performance at the best. mSwap groups the processors that we can use with a ( m, k ) table, which records the best combination of m (the number of processors in subgroup of each group) and k (the number of processors in each group). Then in each group, using a m-ary tree to composite the image for reducing the communication of processors. Finally, the image is composited between different groups to generate the final image. The performance and scalability of our mSwap method is demonstrated through experiments with thousands of processors.
Factors Associated With Obstetric Fistula Among Reproductive Age Women in Ethiopia, Community Based, Case Control Study
Authors: Gebertsadik ATAKLTI Weldegebriel , Gebrehiwot Gebremedhin Gebreegziabiher , Desta Abraham Aregay , Ajemu Kiros Fenta , Berhe Asfawosen Aregay , Woldearegay Tewolde Wubayehu , Ghebremedhin Kiros Demoz , Bezabih Nega Mamo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Obstetric fistula is major public and reproductive health concerns in Ethiopia .It are most disturbing among all maternal morbidities.Method: A community-based unmatched case control study was conducted from the EDHS, 2016 dataset. All 70 cases and 210 non cases were selected using random number table from the dataset. Reproductive age mothers who had experiencing lifelong obstetric fistula were considered as cases .Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with obstetric fistula at 95% confidence interval. Factors significant at p value of ≤ 0.05 were included into multivariable logistic regression model to generate adjusted odds ratios.Results: The majority of fistula cases were from rural residences. Independent risk factors associated with obstetric fistula included age at first marriage, rural residence, poorest wealth index and decision making for contraceptive use mainly husband partner.ConclusionObstetric fistula is a major public and reproductive health concern in Ethiopia. Majority of women with obstetric fistula were from rural areas. Comprehensive intervention strategies should be in place customized to different government hierarchies (national, regional and district level) including household and individual level interventions for combating obstetric fistula by giving an emphasis on the identified risks.
Trends and correlation between antibacterial consumption and carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary hospital in China from 2012 to 2019
Authors: Liang Chunhong , Zhang Xueyan , Zhou Lijuan , Meng Guangyi , Zhong Liqiu , Peng Pingzhi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the trends and correlation between antibacterial consumption and carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from 2012 to 2019 in a tertiary-care teaching hospital in southern China.Methods: This retrospective study included data from hospital-wide inpatients collected between January 2012 and December 2019. Data on antibacterial consumption were expressed as defined daily doses (DDDs)/1000 patient-days. Antibacterials were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. The trends in antimicrobial usage and resistance were analyzed by linear regression, while Pearson correlation analysis was used for testing the correlation.Results: An increasing trend in the annual consumption of tetracyclines, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (BL/BLI) combinations, and carbapenems was observed (P < 0.05). The carbapenem resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) significantly increased (P < 0.05) from 18% in 2012 to 60% in 2019. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between the resistance to carbapenems in A. baumannii (β = 0.745, P < 0.05) and Escherichia coli (E. coli)(β = 0.736, P < 0.05) and the consumption of carbapenems, while the resistance rate of A. baumannii to carbapenems was positively correlated with cephalosporin/β-lactamase inhibitor (C/BLI) combinations (β = 0.910, P < 0.01) and tetracyclines usage (β = 0.745, P < 0.05). We also found that the use of quinolones was positively correlated with the resistance rate of Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) to carbapenems (β = 0.717, P < 0.05), and the increasing use of carbapenems (β=-0.869, P < 0.01) and penicillin/β-Lactamase inhibitor (P/BLI) combinations (β=-0.871, P < 0.01) were significantly correlated with reduced resistance of Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) to carbapenems.Conclusion: Our results revealed significant correlations between the consumption of antibiotics and rates of carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. Implementing proper management strategies and reducing the unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs may be an effective measure to reduce the spread of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGN), which should be further confirmed by more studies.
Preoperative carbohydrate loading in diabetic patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery: A pilot randomized trial
Authors: Li Xue , Liu Lin , Liang Xin-Quan , Li Yu-Ting , Wang Dong-Xin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPreoperative carbohydrate loading is used to improve patients’ comfort and recovery, but evidence remains limited in diabetic patients. We tested the feasibility of a preoperative carbohydrate drink with supplemental insulin in diabetic patients for gastrointestinal surgery.MethodsAdult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were scheduled for major gastrointestinal surgery were randomized to carbohydrate group (carbohydrate drink with supplement insulin selectively) or control group (clinical routine management). The primary outcome was the time to first flatus after surgery. Among secondary outcomes, subjective feelings of thirsty, hunger and fatigue were assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale (scores range from 0 to 100, where 0 indicate no discomfort and 100 the most severe discomfort) before and after surgery.ResultsA total of 63 patients were randomized. Time to first flatus did not differ between groups (median [95% CI], 40 hours [30, 50] in control group vs. 43 hours [37, 48] in carbohydrate group, hazard ratio [95% CI], 1.24 [0.74, 2.07], P = 0.411). Both pre- and postoperative subjective feelings of discomfort were all significantly lower in carbohydrate group than in control group (median difference from − 50 to 0; all P < 0.05). Patients with carbohydrate drink developed less intraoperative hypotension (40.6% [13/30] vs. 16.1% [5/31], P = 0.031) and postoperative nausea and vomiting within 24 hours (31.3% [10/32] vs. 9.7% [3/31], P = 0.034).ConclusionIn diabetic patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery, preoperative carbohydrate loading with supplemental insulin selectively did not affect gastrointestinal recovery; but it improved perioperative comfort, and reduced intraoperative hypotension and postoperative nausea and vomiting.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrial.gov, NCT03204344; Registered July 2, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03204344.
A procedure for in vitro evaluation of the immunosuppressive effect of mesenchymal stem cells on activated T cell proliferation
Authors: Marinescu Catalina , Preda Bogdan , Burlacu Alexandrina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) represent adult cells with multipotent capacity. Besides their capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages in vitro and in vivo, increasing evidence points towards the immunomodulatory capacity of these cells, as an important feature for their therapeutic power. Although not included in the minimal criteria established by the International Society for Cellular Therapy as a defining MSC attribute, demonstration of the immunomodulatory capacity of MSC can be useful for the characterization of these cells before being considered MSC. Here we present a simple and reliable protocol by which the immunosuppressive effect of MSC can be evaluated in vitro. It is based on the measuring of the proliferation of activated T cells cultured in direct contact with irradiated MSC.Results: Our results showed that MSC have a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on activated T cell proliferation, which can be quantified as a percentage of maximum proliferation. Our data shows that batch-to-batch variability can be determined within one or multiple experiments, by extracting the area under curve of T cell proliferation plotted against the absolute number of MSC in co-culture.Conclusions: The validation of the immunomodulatory capacity of MSC could be added to the characterization of the cells before being used in various MSC-based approaches to treat immunological diseases. Our results showed that MSC have a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on activated T cell proliferation. The immunosuppressive properties of MSC vary between batches, but not between different passages of the same batch.
Sequence Conservation Analysis and Screening of Ayurvedic compounds against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein
Authors: Basharat Zarrin , Jahanzaib Muhammad , Rahman Noor , Khan Ishtiaq Ahmad , Yasmin Azra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recent infections caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have led to global panic and mortality. Here, we analyzed the spike (S) protein of this virus using bioinformatics tools. We aimed to determine relative changes among different coronavirus species over the past two decades and to understand the conservation of the S-protein. Representative sequences of coronaviruses were collected from humans and other animals between 2000 and 2020. Evolutionary analyses found that the S-protein did not evolve overnight, but rather continuously over time. Virtual screening of S-protein against a phytochemical database of Ayurvedic medicinal compounds (n = 2103) identified the S-protein inhibitors. Among these, top ranked were Gingerol (IUPAC name: 4'-Me ether, 3,5-di-Ac 3,5-di-Gingerdiols), 1-(5-Butyltetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2-hexacosanone and Ginsenoyne N ginseng that stimulates Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and the immune system. Gingerol is found in the fresh ginger and has reputation of being a potent antiviral. These compounds might prove useful to design drugs against COVID-19.
NH3 Sensing Performance of Pt-Doped WO3·0.33H2O Microshuttles Induced From Scheelite Leaching Solution
Authors: Li Tingting , Zhou Pengfei , Zhao Sikai , Han Cong , Wei Dezhou , Shen Yanbai , Liu Tao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
WO3·0.33H2O microshuttles (WMSs) self-assembled by numerous nanorods along the same direction were prepared based on a cheap tungsten-containing metallurgical raw material by combination processes of NaOH leaching and one-step hydrothermal method. The microstructures and gas sensing properties of various concentrations (0, 0.7, 1.0, and 1.3 mol%) of Pt-doped WMSs were investigated to improve their performance. The microstructural characterizations demonstrated that the WMSs assembled by one-dimensional WO3·0.33H2O nanorods were approximately 0.8−1.9 µm in diameter. Such nanorods exhibited a single hexagonal structure with their diameters ranging from 17 to 62 nm. The gas sensing properties indicated that Pt-doped WMSs showed superior gas sensing performance in terms of the sensor response and NH3 selectivity in the operating temperature range of 25−225 oC as compared with pure one, and simultaneously Pt doping could significantly reduce the detection limit of NH3. Especially, 1.0 mol% Pt-doped WMSs exhibited highest response of 28.2 to 1000 ppm NH3 at 175 oC, which was 4 times higher than pure one at 50 oC. The remarkably enhanced gas sensing performance of Pt-doped WMSs to NH3 could be ascribed to the electronic and chemical sensitization mechanisms of noble metal nanoparticles.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Chinese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Protocol of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: LIU Xiaobo , Dong Chao , Jiang Hong , Zhong Dongling , Li Yuxi , Zhang Huiling , Zhang Jun , Fan Jin , Li Juan , Guan Li , Jin Rongjiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is growing in China. Both physical and psychological complications occur along with the development of T2DM. The patients with depression account for a significant proportion of T2DM. Depressive symptoms interfere with blood glucose management, leading to poorer treatment outcome and even relate to the occurrence of other serious complications of T2DM population. Among these T2DM patients with depression, early detection and treatment is essential and effective. Knowledge of the current prevalence of depression in T2DM patients as well as associated risk factors may be meaningful for healthcare planning. Therefore, we plan to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the Chinese prevalence of depression in T2DM and explore associated risk factors.Methods: We will search literatures recorded in MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), and Wanfang database (Wanfang Data). The grey literatures and reference list will be manually searched. We will include population-based, cross-sectional surveys that investigated the Chinese prevalence of depression in T2DM or/and researched the possible risk factors. Two reviewers will screen studies, extract data and evaluate quality independently. We will assess inter-rater agreement between reviewers for study inclusion, data extraction, and study quality assessment using Kappa statistics. The primary outcome will be the pooled Chinese prevalence of depression in T2DM patients. The secondary outcome will contain the potential risk factors for depression in patients with T2DM. R software (version 3.6.1) and STATA software (version 12) will be used for data analysis.Discussion: This systematic review will provide comprehensive evidence of the Chinese prevalence and risk factors of depression in patients with T2DM. we expect to provide evidence basis for healthcare practitioners and policy makers to pay attention to the mental health of T2DM. Our data will highlight the need and importance of early detection and intervention for depression in patients with T2DM. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020182979.