bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphological properties, rheological behaviors, and phase interaction of nylon 11/polypropylene blends by in situ reactive compatibilization and dispersion through polyhydroxybutyrate
Authors: Gadgeel Arjit A. , Mhaske Shashank T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe current research discusses the reactive compatibilization of nylon 11 (PA11) and polypropylene (PP) using maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP‐g‐MA) through an extruder. PP phase is dispersed in PA11 by coalescence and droplet break‐up mechanism by using polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as a dispersion agent that induces uniform interaction between the blend components. The reactive compatibilization ensures the mixing of polymers, and the consistent interaction of phases is controlled by dispersion. All of the blends were processed through melt processing at different compositions using a twin‐screw extruder. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the morphologies of the binary and ternary blends. Surface tension and interfacial tension of the homopolymer characterizes the interaction of the polymers at interphase. The interaction of PHB/PA11 appeared preferable than that of PHB/PP, elaborating on the efficient dispersion and droplet formation of the PP phase. The compatibilizer maleic anhydride grafted PP (PP‐g‐MA) imparts a drastic effect on the compatibility of PA11‐PP and PA11‐PHB‐PP blends and reduces PP phase particle size, which indicates the affinity of PHB and PP. The encapsulation of PP by PHB was seen in the expectation of minimum free energy models. The rheological measurements were used to understand the phase separation within blends. These measurements were also applied to understand the interaction between PA11‐PP‐PHB phases. The modulus values and viscosity ratio of the blends were measured to follow the chain relaxation in the melt. In the Cole–Cole plot, it was found that the reduction in PP phase size influences the relaxation of chains of blends.
Propofol inhibits the expression of Abelson nonreceptor tyrosine kinase without affecting learning or memory function in neonatal rats
Authors: Feng Long , Sun Zhi‐Gao , Liu Qiang‐wei , Ma Tao , Xu Zhi‐Peng , Feng Ze‐Guo , Yuan Wei‐xiu , Zhang Hong , Xu Long‐he 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivePropofol is one of the most commonly used intravenous drugs to induce and maintain general anesthesia. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that propofol can affect neuronal growth, leading to apoptosis and impairing cognitive function. The Abelson nonreceptor tyrosine kinase (c‐Abl) is associated with both neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the effect of propofol on apoptosis and neurocognition through its regulation of c‐Abl expression in vivo and in vitro.Materials and MethodsIn this study, primary hippocampal neurons were cultured and exposed to propofol at different concentrations. Protein expression was measured by Western blotting and coimmunoprecipitation. The c‐Abl transcription level was verified by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected by flow cytometry. In addition, an animal experiment was conducted to assess neuronal apoptosis by immunofluorescence staining for caspase‐3 and to evaluate behavioral changes by the Morris water maze (MWM) test.ResultsThe in vitro experiment showed that propofol significantly decreased c‐Abl expression and ROS levels. In addition, propofol has no cytotoxic effect and does not affect cell activity. Moreover, in the animal experiment, intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg propofol for 5 days obviously decreased the expression of c‐Abl in the neonatal rat brain (p < .05) but did not significantly increase the number of caspase‐3‐positive cells. Propofol treatment did not significantly reduce the number of platform crossings (p > .05) or prolong the escape latency of neonatal rats (p > .05) in the MWM test.ConclusionsThe present data suggest that reduced expression of this nonreceptor tyrosine kinase through consecutive daily administration of propofol did not impair learning or memory function in neonatal rats.
Microarray profiling of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in lung adenocarcinomas and bioinformatics analysis
Authors: He Fei , Huang Liping , Xu Qiuping , Xiong Weimin , Liu Shuang , Yang Huimin , Lu Wanting , Xiao Rendong , Hu Zhijian , Cai Lin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) dysregulation leads to malignant progression of lung cancer. Our study profiled differentially expressed lncRNA and mRNA in tumor and normal tissues of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Further, analysis of the gene expression profiles of LUAD tissues (n = 533) and normal tissues (n = 59) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 138 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between LUAD tissues and normal tissues (false discovery rate [FDR]q < 0.05, fold change (FC) ≥ 2), a number of which are key regulators of multiple cancer and biological processes in humans. For example, lncRNAA2M‐AS1displayed the highest correlation with the co‐expressed mRNAs, indicating that it might play a key role in regulating differential gene expression in LUAD. The data from the current study of the comprehensive lncRNA expression profile in LUAD tissues provided useful information to guide the identification of potential LUAD biomarkers.
The impact of orthotopic neobladder vs ileal conduit urinary diversion after cystectomy on the survival outcomes in patients with bladder cancer: A propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Su Xiaohong , Wu Kaihui , Wang Shuo , Su Wei , Li Chuanyin , Li Bingkun , Mao Xiangming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundBladder cancer (BCa) is the most common urinary malignancy. The standard surgical treatment for patients with muscle‐invasive BCa is cystectomy plus urinary diversion. Ileal conduit (IC) or orthotopic neobladder (ON), which have different indications, are the most commonly performed urinary diversions.Methods and materialsWe sampled 5480 BCa patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015. Kaplan‐Meier method with the log‐rank test was used to assess cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS). Univariate and multivariate Cox's proportional hazard model was conducted to evaluate the hazard ratio of cancer‐specific mortality and all‐cause mortality before and after propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsWe identified 5480 patients who received radical cystectomy (RC) plus IC (n = 5071) or ON (n = 409) with a median follow‐up period of 33 months (interquartile range, 13‐78 months). Patients in the ON group tended to be male and younger, with a higher percentage of married individuals, early pathological T stage, lymphadenectomy, and non‐radiotherapy (all P < .05). After 1:1 PSM, 409 matched pairs were selected. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the ON group had better CSS and OS probabilities than the IC group in the overall cohort [hazard ratio (HR): 0.692, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.576‐0.831, P < .001; HR: 0.677, 95% CI: 0.579‐0.793, P < .001 respectively]. However, subgroup analysis revealed that only patients with pathological T2 stage benefited from ON diversion after PSM in the context of CSS (P = .016) and OS (P <.001).ConclusionsYoung, married, and male patients with early pathological T stage, especially T2 stage, were more suitable to receive RC plus ON surgery, which could improve their probability of survival.
LINC00662 contributes to the progression and the radioresistance of cervical cancer by regulating miR‐497‐5p and CDC25A
Authors: Wei Jiemei , Wang Lili , Sun Yanli , Bao Yongxin 
Published: September 2020

It is reported that long intergenic non‐coding RNA 00662 (LINC00662) plays an oncogenic role in tumours. However, the mechanism of LINC00662 in regulating the progression and radiosensitivity of cervical cancer (CC) is not clear. In this study, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was adopted to detect LINC00662 and miR‐497‐5p expressions in CC tissues and cells. The expression of cell division cycle 25 A (CDC25A) in CC cells was examined by Western blot. CC cell proliferation was determined by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and BrdU assays. The survival rate of CC cells was evaluated by colony formation assay under different doses of X‐ray irradiation. CC cell migration and invasion were probed by Transwell assay. Besides, the interactions between miR‐497‐5p and LINC00662, and miR‐497‐5p and the 3′UTR of CDC25A were verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay, RIP assay, and RNA pull‐down experiments. We demonstrated that, LINC00662 expression was remarkably raised in CC tissues and cell lines. LINC00662 overexpression promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and radioresistance of CC cells, and LINC00662 knockdown inhibited the above malignant phenotypes of CC cells. In terms of mechanism, LINC00662 facilitated CC progression and radioresistance by adsorbing miR‐497‐5p and indirectly up‐regulating CDC25A expression. In a word, the LINC00662/miR‐497‐5p/CDC25A axis boosts proliferation and metastasis of CC cells and enhances the radioresistance of cancer cells.Significance of the studyCC poses a threat to the health of women all over the world. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that LINC00662 expression was remarkably raised in CC tissues and cells. Cellular experiments confirmed that LINC00662 facilitated cell proliferation, migration, invasion and radiation resistance through the miR‐497‐5p/CDC25A axis, which might be a promising target for CC treatments.
METTL3 regulates m6A in endometrioid epithelial ovarian cancer independently of METTl14 and WTAP
Authors: Ma Zhao , Li Qin , Liu Peng , Dong Wei , Zuo Ying 
Published: September 2020

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation, one of the common RNA modifications, has been determined to execute crucial functions in tumorigenesis and cancer development. The m6A “writers” including methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3), METTL14, and Wilms tumor 1‐associated protein (WTAP) contribute to the m6A modification process initiation. However, the coordination of m6A methyltransferase complex is not fully understood in endometrioid epithelial ovarian cancer (EEOC). In this study, mRNA and protein levels of METTL3, METTL14, and WTAP were detected in 33 EEOC cases using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry, and western blot analysis. The overall m6A methylation was detected by dot plot. The METTL3 expression and overall m6A level were elevated in EEOC tissues, while the expressions of METTL14 and WTAP have no significant difference in EEOC compared to the adjacent tissues. The expression of METTL3 was an independent factor that correlated with poor malignancy and survival of EEOC patients. Moreover, METTL3 knockdown in TOV‐112D and CRL‐11731D cells weakened the capability of cell proliferation and migration, and promoted cell apoptosis compared to negative control and cells with WTAP or METTL14 knockdown using CCK‐8 assay, transwell assay, wound healing assay, and TUNEL assay. Furthermore, METTL3 knockdown also reduced m6A enrichment of the genes associated with ovarian cancer including EIF3C, AXL, CSF‐1, FZD10 in TOV‐112D, and CRL‐11731D cells by RIP‐qPCR assay. Taken together, the high expressed METTL3 indicated poor malignancy and survival of EEOC via modulating the aberrant m6A RNA methylation. METTL3‐mediated m6A modification, independent of WTAP and METTL14, was considered as a novel mechanism underlying m6A modulation and a potential therapeutic target of EEOC.
SnCN2: A Carbodiimide with an Innovative Approach for Energy Storage Systems and Phosphors in Modern LED Technology
Authors: Braun Cordula , Mereacre Liuda , Hua Weibo , Stürzer Tobias , Ponomarev Ilia , Kroll Peter , Slabon Adam , Chen Zheng , Damour Yann , Rocquefelte Xavier , Halet Jean‐François , Indris Sylvio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe carbodiimide SnCN2 was prepared at low temperatures (400 °C–550 °C) by using a patented urea precursor route. The crystal structure of SnCN2 was determined from single‐crystal data in space group C2/c (no. 15) with a=9.1547(5), b=5.0209(3), c=6.0903(3) Å, β=117.672(3), V=247.92 Å3 and Z=4. As carbodiimide compounds display remarkably high thermal and chemical resistivity, SnCN2 has been doped with Eu and Tb to test it for its application in future phosphor‐converted LEDs. This doping of SnCN2 proved that a color tuning of the carbodiimide host with different activator ions and the combination of the latter ones is possible. Additionally, as the search for novel high‐performing electrode materials is essential for current battery technologies, this carbodiimide has been investigated concerning its use in lithium‐ion batteries. To further elucidate its application possibilities in materials science, several characterization steps and physical measurements (XRD, in situ XANES, Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy, thermal expansion, IR spectroscopy, Mott‐Schottky analysis) were carried out. The electronic structure of the n‐type semiconductor SnCN2 has been probed using X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) computations.
Mass‐Transport‐Corrected Transfer Coefficients: A Fully General Approach
Authors: Batchelor‐McAuley Christopher , Li Danlei , Compton Richard G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe transfer coefficient (or, equivalently, the Tafel slope) is an experimentally measurable parameter defined as the change in the logarithm of the current density as a function of the applied potential, where the current density has been corrected (
) for changes in the concentration of the reagent at the interface. For some electrode geometries (such as the rotating disc or a micro hemispherical electrode) where the electroactive interface is uniformly accessible and the mass‐transport is at steady‐state, these changes in concentration can be corrected for analytically. Correcting for the depletion of the reagent significantly increases the range over which Tafel analysis can be used to accurately yield information regarding the electron‐transfer process. The important question arises, therefore, for non‐uniformly accessible electrodes or for a system not at steady state, such as often encountered with disc electrodes, how can the experimentally measured electrochemical flux be rigorously corrected for to account for the changes in the surface concentration of the reagent? This work presents a simple simulation technique that allows the voltammetry of a disc to be “mass‐transport”‐corrected without recourse to the use of analytical approximations.
Probing the Origin of Adaptive Aromaticity in 16‐Valence‐Electron Metallapentalenes
Authors: Chen Dandan , Szczepanik Dariusz W. , Zhu Jun , Solà Miquel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Jun Zhu, Miquel Solà and co‐workers at Xiamen University, Jagiellonian University and the University of Girona. The image highlights the main roles in this study: ligands, metal centers, and adaptive aromaticity. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202001830.
Naphthoquinone–Dopamine Hybrids Inhibit α‐Synuclein Aggregation, Disrupt Preformed Fibrils, and Attenuate Aggregate‐Induced Toxicity
Authors: Paul Ashim , Huber Adi , Rand Daniel , Gosselet Fabien , Cooper Itzik , Gazit Ehud , Segal Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAccumulation and aggregation of the intrinsically disordered protein α‐synuclein (α‐Syn) into amyloid fibrils are hallmarks of a series of heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders, known as synucleinopathies and most notably Parkinson's disease (PD). The crucial role of α‐Syn aggregation in PD makes it an attractive target for the development of disease‐modifying therapeutics that would inhibit α‐Syn aggregation or disrupt its preformed fibrillar assemblies. To this end, we have designed and synthesized two naphthoquinone–dopamine‐based hybrid small molecules, NQDA and Cl‐NQDA, and demonstrated their ability to inhibit in vitro amyloid formation by α‐Syn using ThT assay, CD, TEM, and Congo red birefringence. Moreover, these hybrid molecules efficiently disassembled preformed fibrils of α‐Syn into nontoxic species, as evident from LUV leakage assay. NQDA and Cl‐NQDA were found to have low cytotoxicity and they attenuated the toxicity induced by α‐Syn towards SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. NQDA was found to efficiently cross an in vitro human blood–brain barrier model. These naphthoquinone–dopamine based derivatives can be an attractive scaffold for therapeutic design towards PD.
Selective Activation of Aromatic Aldehydes Promoted by Dispersion Interactions: Steric and Electronic Factors of a π‐Pocket within Cage‐Shaped Borates for Molecular Recognition
Authors: Tanaka Daiki , Tsutsui Yuya , Konishi Akihito , Nakaoka Koichi , Nakajima Hideto , Baba Akio , Chiba Kouji , Yasuda Makoto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSelective bond formations are one of the most important reactions in organic synthesis. In the Lewis acid mediated electrophile reactions of carbonyls, the selective formation of a carbonyl–acid complex plays a critical role in determining selectivity, which is based on the difference in the coordinative interaction between the carbonyl and Lewis acid center. Although this strategy has attained progress in selective bond formations, the discrimination between similarly sized aromatic and aliphatic carbonyls that have no functional anchors to strongly interact with the metal center still remains a challenging issue. Herein, this work focuses on molecular recognition driven by dispersion interactions within some aromatic moieties. A Lewis acid catalyst with a π‐space cavity, which is referred to as a π‐pocket, as the recognition site for aromatic carbonyls is designed. Cage‐shaped borates 1B with various π‐pockets demonstrated significant chemoselectivity for aromatic aldehydes 3 b–f over that of aliphatic 3 a in competitive hetero‐Diels–Alder reactions. The effectiveness of our catalysts was also evidenced by intramolecular recognition of the aromatic carbonyl within a dicarbonyl substrate. Mechanistic and theoretical studies demonstrated that the selective activation of aromatic substrates was driven by the preorganization step with a larger dispersion interaction, rather than the rate‐determining step of the C−C bond formation, and this was likely to contribute to the preferred activation of aromatic substrates over that of aliphatic ones.
Cationic Niobium‐Sandwich and Piano‐Stool Complexes
Authors: Unkrig Wiebke , Zhe Fu , Tamim Razan , Oesten Friederike , Kratzert Daniel , Krossing Ingo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe syntheses of the homoleptic bis(arene) niobium cations [Nb(arene)2]+ (arene = C6H3Me3, C6H5Me) with 16 valence electrons and heteroleptic arene‐carbonyl cations [(CO)Nb(arene)2]+ (arene = C6H3Me3, C6H5Me) and [(arene)M(CO)4]+ (arene = C6H3Me3, C6H6) obeying 18 valence electrons are described. Stabilization of these complexes was achieved by using the weakly coordinating anions [Al(ORF)4]− or [F{Al(ORF)3}2]− (RF = C(CF3)3). The limits of two synthesis routes starting from neutral Nb(arene)2 (arene = C6H3Me3, C6H5Me) or [NEt4][M(CO)6] (M = Nb, Ta) were investigated. All compounds were analyzed by single crystal X‐ray determination, vibrational and NMR spectroscopy. DFT calculations were executed to support the experimental data.
Two‐Step Autohydrolysis Pretreatment: Towards High Selective Full Fractionation of Wheat Straw
Authors: Conrad Marc , Smirnova Irina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPretreatment is necessary to increase the enzymatic digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass. Here, degradation reactions of solubilized pentoses to furfural and others are undesired regarding the reduced product yield and increasing downstream processing efforts. In this work, the use of the unit operation configuration was successfully shown to reduce degradation reactions. In the used two‐step autohydrolysis pretreatment, the reaction is stopped before degradation takes place. The pentoses are removed by water leaching to make them unavailable for degradation in a second autohydrolysis treatment. The overall sugars yield is increased, and the furfural formation is decreasing while maintaining the high lignin purity using the two‐step autohydrolysis pretreatment.
Genetic variation in Plethodon cinereus and Plethodon hubrichti from in and around a contact zone
Authors: Page Robert B. , Conarroe Claire , Quintanilla Diana , Palomo Andriea , Solis Joshua , Aguilar Ashley , Bezold Kelly , Sackman Andrew M. , Marsh David M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractClimate change poses several challenges to biological communities including changes in the frequency of encounters between closely related congeners as a result of range shifts. When climate change leads to increased hybridization, hybrid dysfunction or genetic swamping may increase extinction risk—particularly in range‐restricted species with low vagility. The Peaks of Otter Salamander, Plethodon hubrichti, is a fully terrestrial woodland salamander that is restricted to ~18 km of ridgeline in the mountains of southwestern Virginia, and its range is surrounded by the abundant and widespread Eastern Red‐backed Salamander, Plethodon cinereus. In order to determine whether these two species are hybridizing and how their range limits may be shifting, we assessed variation at eight microsatellite loci and a 1,008 bp region of Cytochrome B in both species at allopatric reference sites and within a contact zone. Our results show that hybridization between P. hubrichti and P. cinereus either does not occur or is very rare. However, we find that diversity and differentiation are substantially higher in the mountaintop endemic P. hubrichti than in the widespread P. cinereus, despite similar movement ability for the two species as assessed by a homing experiment. Furthermore, estimation of divergence times between reference and contact zone populations via approximate Bayesian computation is consistent with the idea that P. cinereus has expanded into the range of P. hubrichti. Given the apparent recent colonization of the contact zone by P. cinereus, future monitoring of P. cinereus range limits should be a priority for the management of P. hubrichti populations.