bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Contribution of Outdoor Education Activities to Enhance Indonesian Bullying Victims’ Resilience
Authors: Karisman Vicki Ahmad , Asmawi Moch. , Samsudin  
Published: May 2020

This study is objectively intended to recognize the contribution of outdoor education activities on the students’ resilience. Appropriate interventions are needed to enhance the resilience of elementary school students in the effort to overcome bullying. This study employed an experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study’s participants consisted of 278 students (187 males of an average age of ±11.4 years, 91 females of an average age of ±11.6 years) from four schools at Cimahi. This study is an experimental research with one-group pretest-posttest design. Interventions were administered in 2-hour meetings over a 14-week period. The outdoor education activities implemented as interventions included hiking, climbing, orienteering, outdoor game, and camping. The research instrument employed was the Resilience Scale. The Paired Sample Test showed the significance level 0,000 < 0,05, it means that there was a significant improvement in the elementary school students’ resilience gained through the outdoor education activities. By this improvement, it is expected that outdoor education activities can equip the students psychologically to overcome any kind of bullying demeanor. In conclusion, the outdoor education activities could enhance the bullying victims’ resilience as the result showed that the implementation of outdoor education activities significantly effects on the students’ resilience.
Biomotor Profile of Taekwondo Athletes Poomsae Putera Age Under 14 years in East OKU Regency 2019
Authors: Sukmawati Noviria 
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out: Biomotor Profile of Taekwondo Poomsae Athletes of Children Under 14 Years of Age in East OKU Regency in 2019. This research is a survey method, while the techniques and data collection use tests and measurements. The study subjects consisted of 13 people with age categories under 14 years. The results showed the data is based on the T Score in the category of very less percentage of 7.69% (1 athlete), in the category of less percentage of 38.46% (5 athletes), in the medium category a percentage of 15.38% (2 athletes), a good category of percentage of 23.08% (3 athletes), and very good category with a percentage of 15.38% (2 athletes). Based on the results of the analysis that the biomotor profile of male Poomsae taekwondo athletes based on the average value is included in the medium category, so for the trainers and athletes themselves to add more hours especially to do exercises related to taekwondo biomotor.
Keywords: Biomotor, Putera Athlete, Poomsae, Age 14 years
Orthopaedic Documentation and Coding Primer for Telemedicine and Electronic Patient Communication for the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hinckley Nathaniel B. , Henley M. Bradford , McIntyre Louis , Stiefel Eric , Davidson James , Chhabra Anikar 
Published: May 2020

➢ The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has disrupted health care in the United States and globally, and the ability to treat patients as we did in the prepandemic environment has changed. The safety of patients and providers, the avoidance of unnecessary exposure, and the cancellation of elective procedures have prompted the use of telemedicine. In addition, many large institutions are without a functioning videoconferencing platform and the use of telephone visits has become essential.➢ Several important changes have been made by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to facilitate ease of access to telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic, including alternate place of service codes, visit time associated with evaluation and management services, and new Current Procedural Terminology codes for virtual visits with new patients.➢ Although telemedicine visits do not allow for a hands-on physical examination, it is prudent for the medical provider to understand and learn the breadth of examination that may take place through an audio and video (when possible)-enabled virtual visit.
Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in general population of Myanmar via Nation wide study
Authors: Kyaw Yi Yi , Lwin Aye Aye , Aye Khin Saw , Thu Hlaing Myat , Htun Moh Moh , Soe Hnin Ohmar , Aye Kay Thi , Thant Kyaw Zin , Hwang Hyeon Jeong , Cheong JaeHun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a severe health concern worldwide. HBV is a DNA virus with a rapid rate of mutation. Based on the heterogeneity of the HBV nucleotide sequence, the HBV strains are divided into ten genotypes, A to J, with a characteristic geographical distribution. Identifying and tracking the changes of HBV genotypes is important in epidemiological and transmission studies, predicting the risk for the development of severe liver disease and response to antiviral treatment. The present study was conducted to detect HBV genotypes and sub-genotypes in general population of different states and regions in Myanmar. Methods A total of 5,547 general adult population who residing at seven states, seven regions and Nay Pyi Taw Union Territory were screened for Hepatitis B Surface antigen (HBsAg) by Immunochromatgraphic test (ICT) in 2015. Of 353 HBsAg positive samples, HBV DNA were detected by using polymerase chain reactions (PCR) targeting the DNA sequences encoding the Pre-S region. A total of 153 PCR positive samples were preceded for genotyping by partial genome sequencing of both directions. The resulting sequences were then edited, aligned and compared with reference sequences using National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) web based genotyping tool. Results Three HBV genotypes; HBV/ C, HBV/ D and HBV/ B were detected in Myanmar, in which genotype HBV/ C (66.7%) was the most prevalent genotype followed by HBV/ D (32%) and HBV/ B (1.3%) respectively. Sub-genotyping revealed a total of 7 sub-genotypes within genotypes B, C and D: two (B4 and B5) in HBV/ B, three (C1, C5 and C7) in HBV/C and two (D3 and D6) in HBV/ D. Conclusion Genotype HBV/C, sub-genotype C1 was the most predominant genotype distributed in all states and regions of Myanmar. This study was first report on Nation- wide distribution of HBV genotype and sub-genotypes in Myanmar and the findings will be a huge support for hepatitis disease surveillance programme which is the one of the National Priority Diseases in Myanmar.
Practical Value of Three-dimensional High Resolution Magnetic Resonance Vessel Wall Imaging in Identifying Suspicious Intracranial Vertebrobasilar Dissecting Aneurysms
Authors: Zhu Xianjin , Qiu Hancheng , Hui Ferdinand K , Zhang Yiqun , Liu Yun-e , Man Fengyuan , Jiang Wei-Jian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Direct evidence of intimal flaps, double lumen and intramural haematomas (IMH) is difficult to detect on conventional angiography in most intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms (VBDAs). Our purpose was to assess the value of three-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (3D HRMR VWI) for identifying VBDAs. Methods: Between August 2013 and January 2016, consecutive patients with suspicious VBDAs were prospectively enrolled to undergo catheter angiography and VWI (pre- and post-contrast). The lesion was diagnosed as definite VBDA when presenting direct signs of dissection; as possible when only presenting indirect signs; and as segmental ectasia when there was local dilation and wall thickness similar to adjacent normal artery’s without mural thrombosis. Results: Twenty-one patients with 27 lesions suspicious for VBDAs were finally included. Based on findings of VWI and catheter angiography, definite VBDA was diagnosed in 25 and 7 lesions (92.6%, vs 25.9%, p < 0.001), respectively; possible VBDA in 0 and 20 (0 vs 74.1%), respectively; and segmental ectasia in 2 and 0 (7.4% vs 0%), respectively. On VWI and catheter angiography, intimal flap was detected in 21 and 7 lesions (77.8% vs 25.9%, p=0.001), respectively; double lumen sign in 18 and 7 (66.7% vs 25.9%, p=0.003), respectively; and IMH sign in 14 and 0 (51.9% vs 0), respectively. Conclusions: 3D HRMR VWI could detect direct dissection signs more frequently than catheter angiography. This may help obtain definite diagnosis of intracranial VBDAs, and allow accurate differentiation between dissecting aneurysm and segmental ectasia as well. Further prospective study with larger sample was required to investigate the superiority of HRMR VWI for definite diagnosis of intracranial VBDAs than catheter angiography
Can we optimise doxorubicin treatment regimens for children with cancer? Pharmacokinetic simulations and a Delphi consensus procedure
Authors: Siebel Christian , Würthwein Gudrun , Lanvers-Kaminsky Claudia , André Nicolas , Berthold Frank , Castelli Ilaria , Chastagner Pascal , Doz François , English Martin , Escherich Gabriele , Frühwald Michael C. , Graf Norbert , Groll Andreas , Ruggiero Antonio , Hempel Georg , Boos Joachim 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite its cardiotoxicity doxorubicin is widely used for the treatment of paediatric malignancies. Current treatment regimens appear to be suboptimal as treatment strategies vary and do not follow a clear pharmacological rationale. Standardisation of dosing strategies in particular for infants and younger children is required but is hampered by scarcely defined exposure-response relationships. The aim is to provide a rational dosing concept allowing for a reduction of variability in systemic therapy intensity and subsequently unforeseen side effects. Methods: Doxorubicin plasma concentrations in paediatric cancer patients were simulated for different treatment schedules using a population pharmacokinetic model which considers age-dependent differences in doxorubicin clearance. Overall drug exposure and peak concentrations were assessed. Simulation results were used to support a three round Delphi consensus procedure with the aim to clarify the pharmacological goals of doxorubicin dosing in young children. A group of 28 experts representing paediatric trial groups and clinical centres were invited to participate in this process. Results: Pharmacokinetic simulations illustrated the substantial differences in therapy intensity associated with current dosing strategies. Consensus among the panel members was obtained on a standardised a priori dose adaptation that individualises doxorubicin doses based on age and body surface area targeting uniform drug exposure across children treated with the same protocol. Further, a reduction of peak concentrations in very young children by prolonged infusion was recommended. Conclusions: An approach to standardise current dose modification schemes in young children is proposed. The consented concept takes individual pharmacokinetic characteristics into account and involves adaptation of both the dose and the infusion duration potentially improving the safety of doxorubicin administration.
The prevalence of cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) and benefits of pre-emptive antifungal treatment among HIV-infected persons with CD4+ T-cell counts &lt; 200 cells/μL: Evidence based on a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yao , Huang Xiaojie , Chen Hui , Qin Yuanyuan , Hou Jianhua , Li Aixin , Wu Hao , Yan Xiaofeng , Chen Yaokai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Current WHO guidelines (2018) recommend screening for cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) in HIV-infected persons with CD4+ T cell counts<100 cells/μL, followed by pre-emptive antifungal therapy among CrAg positive (CrAg+) persons, to prevent cryptococcal meningitis related deaths. This strategy may also be considered for those persons with a CD4+ T cell count of < 200 cells/uL according the WHO guidelines. However, there is sparse evidence in the literature supporting CrAg screening and pre-emptive antifungal therapy in those HIV-infected persons with this CD4+ T cell counts<200 cells/μL. Objective: We aimed to assess the prevalence of CrAg in HIV-infected persons, and to assess the efficacy of pre-emptive antifungal therapy in CrAg+ persons with CD4+ T cell<200 cells/µL. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis using data extracted from randomized controlled studies (RCTs) and cohort studies found in a search of Pubmed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and the EMBASE/MEDLINE database. Results: The pooled prevalence of CrAg positivity in HIV-infected persons with CD4+ T cell counts<200 cells/µL was 5% (95%CI: 2-7). The incidence of CM in CrAg+ persons was 3% (95%CI: 1-6). Among those CrAg+ persons who did not receive pre-emptive treatment, or those who received placebo, the incidence of CM was 5% (95%CI: 2-9), whereas the incidence of CM among those who received pre-emptive antifungal therapy was 3% (95%CI: 1-6), which is a statistically significant reduction in incidence of 40% (RR: 7.64, 95%CI: 2.96-19.73, p <0.00001). As for persons with CD4+ T cell counts between 101~200 cells/µL, the risk ratio for the incidence of CM among those receiving placebo or no intervention was 1.15, compared to those receiving antifungal treatment (95%CI: 0.16-8.13). Conclusions: In our meta-analysis the incidence of CM was significantly reduced by pre-emptive antifungal therapy in CrAg+ HIV-infected persons with CD4<200 cells/µL. However, more specific observational data in persons with CD4+ T cell counts between 101~200 cells/µL are required in order to emphasize specific benefit of CrAg screening and pre-emptive antifungal treating in CrAg+ persons with CD4+ T cell counts <200 cells/µL.
The statistical importance of a study for a network meta-analysis estimate
Authors: Rücker Gerta , Nikolakopoulou Adriani , Papakonstantinou Theodoros , Salanti Georgia , Riley Richard D. , Schwarzer Guido 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: In pairwise meta-analysis, the contribution of each study to the pooled estimate is given by its weight, which is defined based on the inverse variance of the estimate from that study. For network meta-analysis (NMA), the contribution of direct (and indirect) evidence is easily obtained from the diagonal elements of the hat matrix. It is, however, not fully clear how to generalize this to the percentage contribution of each study to a NMA estimate.

Methods: After briefly discussing available approaches, we want to question whether it is possible to obtain unique percentage contributions and discuss another approach. We define the importance of each study for a NMA estimate by the reduction of the estimate's variance when adding the given study to the others. An equivalent interpretation is the relative loss in precision when the study is left out.

Results: Importances are values between 0 and 1. An importance of 1 means that the study is an essential link of the pathway in the network connecting one of the treatments with the other. These numbers in general do not add to one and thus cannot be interpreted as `percentage contributions'.

Conclusions: Importances generalize the concept of weights in pairwise meta-analysis in a natural way. Moreover, they are uniquely defined, easily calculated, and have an intuitive interpretation. We give some real examples for illustration.
Identifying and selecting implementation theories, models and frameworks: a qualitative study to inform the development of a decision support tool
Authors: Strifler Lisa , Barnsley Jan M. , Hillmer Michael , Straus Sharon E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Implementation theories, models and frameworks offer guidance when implementing and sustaining healthcare evidence-based interventions. However, selection can be challenging given the myriad of potential options. We propose to inform a decision support tool to facilitate the appropriate selection of an implementation theory, model or framework in practice. To inform tool development, this study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators to identifying and selecting implementation theories, models and frameworks in research and practice, as well as end-user preferences for features and functions of the proposed tool.Methods: We used an interpretive descriptive approach to conduct semi-structured interviews with implementation researchers and practitioners in Canada, the United States and Australia. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim. Data were inductively coded by a single investigator with a subset of 20% coded independently by a second investigator and analyzed using thematic analysis.Results: Twenty-four individuals participated in the study. Categories of barriers/facilitators, to inform tool development, included characteristics of the individual or team conducting implementation and characteristics of the implementation theory, model or framework. Major barriers to selection included inconsistent terminology, poor fit with the implementation context and limited knowledge about and training in existing theories, models and frameworks. Major facilitators to selection included the importance of clear and concise language and evidence that the theory, model or framework was applied in a relevant health setting or context. Participants were enthusiastic about the development of a decision support tool that is user-friendly, accessible and practical. Preferences for tool features included key questions about the implementation intervention or project (e.g., purpose, stage of implementation, intended target for change) and a comprehensive list of relevant theories, models and frameworks to choose from along with a glossary of terms and the contexts in which they were applied.Conclusions: An easy to use decision support tool that addresses key barriers to selecting an implementation theory, model or framework in practice may be beneficial to individuals who facilitate implementation practice activities. Findings on end-user preferences for tool features and functions will inform tool development and design through a user-centered approach.
Identification of a novel Protein Disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3) transcript variant as a potential biomarker associated with late stage prostate cancer
Authors: Cruz Maria Araceli Diaz , Karlsson Sandra , Szekeres Ferenc , Faresjö Maria , Lund Dan , Haux Johan , Larsson Dennis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
The loss of photosynthesis pathway and genomic locations of the lost plastid genes in a holoparasitic plant Aeginetia indica
Authors: Chen Jingfang , Yu Runxian , Dai Jinhong , Liu Ying , Zhou Renchao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: With three origins of holoparasitism, Orobanchaceae provides an ideal system to study the evolution of holoparasitic lifestyle in plants. The evolution of holoparasitism can be revealed by plastid genome degradation and coordinated changes in the nuclear genome, since holoparasitic plants lost the capability of photosynthesis. Among the three clades with holoparasitic plants in Orobanchaceae, only Clade VI has no available plastid genome sequences for holoparasitic plants. In this study, we sequenced the plastome and transcriptome of Aeginetia indica , a holoparasitic plant in Clade VI of Orobanchaceae, to study its plastome evolution and the corresponding changes in the nuclear genome as a response of the loss of photosynthetic function. Results: The plastome of A. indica is reduced to 86,212 bp in size, and almost all photosynthesis-related genes were lost. Massive fragments of the lost plastid genes were transferred into the mitochondrial and/or nuclear genomes. These fragments could not be detected in its transcriptomes, suggesting that they were non-functional. Most protein coding genes in the plastome showed the signal of relaxation of purifying selection. Plastome and transcriptome analyses indicated that the photosynthesis pathway is completely lost, and that the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway is partially retained, although chlorophyll synthesis is not possible. Conclusions: Our study suggests the loss of photosynthesis-related functions in A. indica in both the nuclear and plastid genomes. The lost plastid genes are transferred into its nuclear and/or mitochondrial genomes, and exist in very small fragments with no expression and are thus non-functional. The Aeginetia indica plastome also provides a resource for comparative studies on the repeated evolution of holoparasitism in Orobanchaceae.
The influence of system settings on positioning accuracy in acoustic telemetry, using the YAPS algorithm.
Authors: Vergeynst Jenna , Baktoft Henrik , Mouton Ans , De Mulder Tom , Nopens Ingmar , Pauwels Ine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Acoustic positioning telemetry allows to collect large amounts of data on the movement of aquatic animals by use of autonomous receiver stations. Essential in this process is the conversion from raw signal detections to reliable positions. A new advancement in the domain is YAPS (Yet Another Positioning Solver), which combines the detection data on the receivers with a model of animal movement. This transparent, flexible and on-line available positioning algorithm overcomes problems related to traditional point-by-point positioning and filtering techniques. However, its performance has only been tested on data from one telemetry system, providing transmitters with stable burst interval. To investigate the performance of YAPS on different system parameters and settings, we conducted a simulation study. Results: This paper discusses the effect of varying burst types, burst intervals, number of observations, reflectivity levels of the environment, levels of out-of-array positioning and temporal receiver resolution on positioning accuracy. We found that a receiver resolution better than 1 ms is required for accurate fine-scale positioning. The positioning accuracy of YAPS increases with decreasing burst intervals, especially when the number of observations is low, when reflectivity is high or when information out-of-array is used. However, when the burst interval is stable, large burst intervals (in the order of 1 to 2 minutes) can be chosen without strongly hampering the accuracy (although this results in information loss). With random burst intervals, the accuracy can be much improved if the random sequence is known. Conclusions: As it turns out, the key to accurate positioning is the burst type. If a stable burst interval is not possible, the availability of the random sequence improves the positioning of random burst interval data significantly.