bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not an epidemic, but a global problem: the authorities’ construction of HIV/AIDS in Russia
Authors: Yasaveev Iskender 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the ways Russian authorities have constructed the social problem of HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome) in Russia. The statistical construction of HIV/AIDS includes data indicating the significant rise of HIV prevalence in Russia since 2000. The study focuses on what and how Russian authorities speak about HIV/AIDS, while there are official data on the rapid spread of the virus in the country. The work is based on a discourse analysis of the authorities’ rhetoric about HIV/AIDS. During his first presidential terms, Vladimir Putin constructed HIV/AIDS not as an epidemic in the country, but as a “global problem,” representing Russia as a participant in international efforts to combat AIDS. The president problematized the HIV spread through the rhetoric of endangerment but without its crucial term “epidemic,” while at the same time de-problematized HIV in Russia by the strategy of naturalizing (“this is a problem that all countries face”). The Russian authorities appealed to traditional moral values and spoke about marginal or risk groups, rather than risk practices. After the deterioration of relations with Western countries since 2007, the Russian president excluded HIV/AIDS problem from his public agenda, despite the existence of the data on steep HIV growth in Russia. The Russian president's traditionalism, de-problematization, and silence concerning HIV/AIDS lead to the absence of the HIV/AIDS issues in media agenda, the agenda of local authorities, and consequently the personal agendas of Russian citizens. The consequences are ignorance, fears, stigmatization of people living with HIV, semi-legal status of needle, and syringe exchange programs for intravenous drug users, low antiretroviral therapy coverage, and the continuing HIV epidemic.
All-cause mortality and the risk of stroke with selective aspiration thrombectomy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Tung Ying-Chang , See Lai-Chu , Chang Shu-Hao , Tu Hui-Tzu , Chan Yi-Hsin , Chang Chi-Jen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Few data exist on the clinical outcomes of selective aspiration thrombectomy during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).
This was a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Patients who were diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and received primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from July 2009 to December 2011 were identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. Propensity score weighting was used to balance the covariates between the 2 study groups. The primary endpoints were all-cause mortality and stroke during hospitalization and at 30 days and 1 year of follow-up. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the hospital and physician volume of primary PCI.
A total of 9100 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients (29.4% of patients receiving aspiration thrombectomy and conventional PPCI vs 70.6% receiving PPCI alone) were identified. The incidence rates of all-cause mortality were comparable between the 2 groups during hospitalization (21.0 vs 27.37/100 person-months; P = .29) and 1-year follow-up (0.81 vs 1.26/100 person-months; P = .85). There were no significant differences in the stroke rates between the 2 groups during hospitalization (1.1 vs 2.34/100 person-months; P = .3) and 1-year follow-up (0.09 vs 0.15/100 person-months; P = .85). For the patients who survived to discharge, the post-discharge 1-year mortality was lower in the aspiration thrombectomy group of patients in whom the procedures were performed by physicians with a high volume of PPCI (hazard ratio: 0.47; 95% confidence interval: 0.24–0.94; P = .03).
In this nationwide cohort study, selective aspiration thrombectomy at the operation's discretion had a comparable mortality rate compared with PCI alone and did not increase the risk of stroke. In the patients treated by physicians with a high volume of PPCI, aspiration thrombectomy appeared to have a beneficial effect on post-discharge survival at 1 year.
Clinical implications of thoracic duct dilatation in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: Park Seung Woon , Kim Tae Hyung , Ham Soo-Youn , Um Soon Ho , Goh Hyun Gil , Lee SunHye , Lee Han Ah , Yim Sun Young , Seo Yeon Seok , Yim Hyung Joon , An Hyunggin , Oh Yu-Whan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between the degree of thoracic duct dilatation and the progression of chronic liver disease.
In this cross-sectional and retrospective study, 179 patients (mean age, 60.9 years; 114 men) with chronic liver disease who underwent chest CT were enrolled. Dilatation of the left distal thoracic ducts (DTD) was measured and divided into the following 3 grades according to the maximum transverse diameter: grade 0, invisible thoracic duct; grade 1, visible duct with <5-mm diameter; grade 2, diameter of ≥5 mm. Statistical analyses were conducted using the binary logistic regression model.
The proportion of grade 2 DTD was notably higher as the chronic liver disease progressed to cirrhosis. Visible DTD on chest CT was significantly related to the presence of cirrhosis (odds ratio [OR], 3.809; P = .027) and significant varix (OR, 3.211; P = .025). Grade 2 DTD was observed more frequently in patients with ascites (OR, 2.788; P = .039). However, 40% of patients with cirrhosis and ascites still exhibited no visible DTD while demonstrating significant amount of ascites, and their ascites were more predominant of recent onset and transient than that observed in other patients (85.7% vs 48.4%, P = .010 and 66.7% vs 29.0%, P = .009, respectively).
The degree of thoracic duct dilatation is significantly associated with progression to cirrhosis and advancement of portal hypertension. Further, insufficient lymph drainage to DTD might contribute to the development of ascites.
Study on efficacy and safety of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction treatment for oxaliplatin induced peripheral neurotoxicity
Authors: Wei Xiao-Man , Chen Xiao-Feng , Shu Peng , Jiang Zhi-Wei , Wu Xiao-Yu , Zou Xi , Chen Kai , Shen Bo , Hu Wen-Wei , Lu Wei , Shen Wei-Xing , Li Liu , Wang Jun-Yi , Zhao Feng-Jiao , Yin Qing-Feng , Cheng Hai-Bo , Gu Yan-Hong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Oxaliplatin can cause severe peripheral neurotoxicity, which is an important reason for clinical oxaliplatin reduction and cessation of treatment. Oxaliplatin induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) can cause paresthesia and dysesthesia, even affect the quality life of patients. So far, there are no recognized and effective measures to prevent OIPN. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction is a classical prescription of ancient Chinese medicine recorded in “the synopsis of the Golden Chamber,” which can be used in the treatment of various neurotoxicity. However, there is a lack of large-scale and high-quality clinical studies on the prevention of OIPN by Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction on preventing OIPN.

Methods/design:
This study is a randomized, controlled, double-blind, and multicenter clinical trial. Three hundred sixty patients will be randomly assigned into Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction group and Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction mimetic agent group. Patients will receive chemotherapy with FOLFOX of 8 cycles of 3 weeks with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for 6 months and 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome measure is the differences in the incidence of chronic neurotoxicity of grade 2 and above during and after treatment. The secondary outcome measure is the improvement in other symptoms associated with chemotherapy. Four methods will be used to evaluate the efficacy of neurotoxicity, including oxaliplatin specific toxicity grading standard (Levi classification); CTCAE4.02 version; EORTC QLQ-CIPN20 scale, EORTC QLQ C30 scale, and EORTC QLQ-CR29 scale are used at the same time; Electromyography.

Discussion:
This study will provide objective evidences to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction on preventing OIPN.

Trial registration:
Clinical Trials.gov (Identifier: NCT04261920).
Cisplatin plus pemetrexed therapy and subsequent immune checkpoint inhibitor administration for malignant peritoneal mesothelioma without pleural lesions
Authors: Ikushima Hiroaki , Sakatani Toshio , Ohara Sayaka , Takeshima Hideyuki , Horiuchi Hajime , Morikawa Teppei , Usui Kazuhiro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare tumor with a poor prognosis and has no recommended therapy after first-line pemetrexed and platinum-based chemotherapy. Moreover, effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on peritoneal mesothelioma remains to be elucidated. We herein report the case of a 75-year-old man with peritoneal mesothelioma treated with cisplatin plus pemetrexed and subsequent nivolumab.

Patient concerns:
A 75-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to lower abdominal pain.

Diagnosis:
Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (CT) showed the accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose in an intraperitoneal mass. A histological examination of a laparoscopic biopsy specimen revealed malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.

Interventions:
After 4 cycles of cisplatin plus pemetrexed and 13 subsequent cycles of pemetrexed maintenance therapy showed beneficial responses until CT revealed liver metastasis. Nivolumab was then administered as the second-line therapy.

Outcomes:
After 3 cycles of biweekly nivolumab administration, he developed severe abdominal distention. CT revealed an intraperitoneal mass growing much more rapidly than ever, indicating hyperprogressive disease after nivolumab treatment. He ultimately died 51 days after the initial nivolumab administration.

Lessons:
To our knowledge, this is the first report of hyperprogressive disease in a case of peritoneal mesothelioma after nivolumab treatment. While immune checkpoint inhibitors may be promising therapeutic strategies for treating malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, careful monitoring must be practiced with their application.
Utility of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio to identify long-term survivors among HCC patients treated with sorafenib
Authors: Casadei-Gardini Andrea , Dadduzio Vincenzo , Rovesti Giulia , Cabibbo Giuseppe , Vukotic Ranka , Rizzato Mario Domenico , Orsi Giulia , Rossi Margherita , Guarneri Valeria , Lonardi Sara , D’agostino Dario , Celsa Ciro , Andreone Pietro , Zagonel Vittorina , Scartozzi Mario , Cascinu Stefano , Cucchetti Alessandro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sorafenib is the first multikinase inhibitor demonstrating a survival benefit for patients suffering from advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, 1 issue remains open: what is the factor able to predict which patients will be long survivors?
In the present study, we harnessed the potential of conditional survival, aiming at estimating the probability that a patient receiving sorafenib survives for more than 3 years.
The present multicentric study was conducted on a cohort of 438 HCC patients. The primary end point was conditional overall survival. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to calculate conditional overall survival probabilities at 3 years.
The 3-year conditional survival of patients without disease progression highlights that NLR and ECOG are the factors that most accurately predict the probability of long survival. The 3-year conditional survival of patients with disease progression showed a medium effect size for HCV status, alpha-fetoprotein and NLR at all time-points. Macro-vascular portal vein invasion, extra hepatic disease, and BCLC we have a large effect size at 6 months and a medium effect size at 12 and 24 months.
Our findings support the use of baseline NLR for the identification of patients with a higher probability of long-survival. NLR should be used as a stratification factor in the forthcoming clinical trials on the drugs for the advanced HCC now in pipeline.
Radiological diagnostic accuracy study comparing Lenke, Bridwell, BSF, and CT-HU fusion grading scales for minimally invasive lumbar interbody fusion spine surgery and its correlation to clinical outcome
Authors: Soriano Sánchez José Antonio , Soriano Solís Sergio , Soto García Manuel Eduardo , Soriano Solís Héctor Antonio , Torres Briscia Yazmin Aranda , Romero Rangel José Alberto Israel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Prospective randomized double-blinded diagnostic accuracy study about radiological grading of fusion after minimally invasive lumbar interbody fusion procedures (MI-LIFP).
To determinate the intra and the inter-observer correlation between different radiological lumbar interbody fusion grading scales (RLIFGS) in patients undergoing MI-LIFP and their correlation to clinical outcome.
Besides technological improvements in medical diagnosis and the many existing RLIFGS, surgical exploration continues to be the gold-standard to assess fusion in patients with radiological pseudarthrosis, with little if any research on the relationship between RLIFGS and clinical outcome.
We collected data from patients undergoing MI-LIFP procedures operated by a single surgeon from 2009 to 2017, which had follow-up and CT-scan control greater than 12 months, whose clinical registers specified lumbar and radicular visual analogue scale (L and R-VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score preoperatively and at the end of follow-up. Interbody fusion levels were coded for blinded evaluation by three different minimally invasive spine (MIS) surgeons, using Lenke, Bridwell, BSF (Brantigan, Steffe, Fraser), and CT-HU RLIFGS. We established fusion criteria, as described in their original papers. Another independent spine surgeon blindly evaluated successful clinical outcome (SCO), defined as a significant improvement in 2 of 3 of the following issues: L-VAS, R-VAS, or ODI score at follow-up; otherwise, rated as clinical pseudarthrosis. Radiological and clinical data was coded and statistically analyzed using Student T-Test, Pearson P-Test, and ANOVA with statistical package for the social sciences 21 by another blinded researcher, positive and negative predictive values were also calculated for each RLFGS.
We found a significant clinical improvement with a moderate intra-observer correlation between scales and no inter-observer or clinical correlation, with no sub-group statistically significant differences.
This paper represents the first study about the diagnostic accuracy of RLFGS, we concluded that their diagnostic accuracy is pretty low to determine fusion or pseudoarthrosis based on its low correlation to clinical outcome, we recommend surgeons rely on clinical findings to decide whether a patient has clinical fusion or pseudoarthrosis based on successful clinical outcome.
The diagnostic value of miRNA-141 in prostate cancer
Authors: Ye Yun , Yuan Xiao-Hua , Wang Jian-Jun , Wang Yu-Chen , Li Su-Liang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
miR-141 has gradually demonstrated its value in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. However, the diagnostic parameters in previous studies differ. A systematic review was conducted to explore the diagnostic value of miR-141 in prostate cancer.

Methods:
A comprehensive search of the literature in the PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases was performed. The included 7 studies assessed the diagnostic value of miR-141 in patients with prostate cancer up to October 31, 2019. We used meta-disc version 1.4 and STATA software version 12.0 to analyze the data.

Results:
The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64–0.75) and 0.73 (95% CI 0.64–0.80), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 2.88 (95% CI 1.40–5.93), and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.38 (95% CI 0.20–0.71). Further, we note that the pooled diagnostic odds ratio of miR-141 for prostate cancer was 9.94 (95% CI: 2.55–38.80). The summary area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79–0.86). The results of meta-regression suggested that heterogeneity was mainly derived from patient age. The results of the Fagan nomogram showed that it was increased significantly by testing miR-141 for diagnosing prostate cancer.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis suggests that miR-141 has a high diagnostic value for prostate cancer. In the future, large-scale prospective studies are needed to verify and evaluate this result.
Proximal versus distal adductor canal blocks for total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wang Quan , Zhang Yijun , Du Jingyu , Lin Xiangjin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Currently, there remains a paucity of literature about the efficiency of proximal adductor canal block (PACB) versus distal adductor canal block (DACB) for pain management after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study is to perform a randomized controlled trial to compare the efficiency of PACB versus DACB for early postoperative pain treatment after TKA.

Methods:
This study is a 2-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial that is conducted at a single university hospital in China. Subjects presenting for unilateral TKA are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either a PACB or DACB group. The primary outcome of this noninferiority study is opioid consumption within the first 24 hours following surgery. Secondary outcomes include quadriceps strength, pain scores, distance ambulated, and patient satisfaction. Continuous variables are compared using Student t test.

Results:
This clinical trial is expected to provide evidence of whether the PACB and DACB provide similar analgesia after TKA.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5440).
Changes in the concentrations of mediators in exhaled breath condensate during cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass and their relations with postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Song Jie , Yao Lei , Zhao Lulin , Du Boxiang , Liu Lin , Chen Jinliang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To investigate the changes in the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-isoPGF2α) in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and its relationship with postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
A prospective, case–control study was performed on 55 patients undergoing elective cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass, between November 2017 and May 2019. According to the diagnosis of postoperative ARDS, the patients were divided into ARDS group and control group. We compared the clinical characteristics, outcomes, respiratory mechanics, oxygenation parameters, and mediators in the 2 groups immediately after tracheal intubation (T1), at the end of CPB (T2), and 2 hours (T3) and 6 hours (T4) after CPB, and calculated the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), sensitivity, and specificity of the corresponding mediators.
ARDS occurred in 29 patients after CPB. The ARDS group exhibited prolonged postoperative ventilator support, time to extubation, length of stay in the ICU, and postoperative length of stay. The peak airway pressure (Ppeak) and plat airway pressure (Pplat) at T4 were higher in the ARDS group compared with the control group. The alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure [P(A-a)O2] and respiratory index (RI) were higher and PaO2/FiO2 was lower in the ARDS group at T2–4 compared with the control group. The levels of EBC and serum mediators in the ARDS group were significantly higher at T2–4 compared with those in the control group. All the mediators in EBC were correlated significantly with those in the serum in the ARDS group (r = 0.7314, 0.898, 0.8386, 0.792) and control group (r = 0.6093, 0.8524, r = 0.7828, r = 0.6575) (P < .001). Meanwhile, the area under the curve (AUC) of IL-8 in EBC was significantly lower at T2 and the AUC of IL-6 in EBC was significantly higher at T4 than in serum (P < .05). In addition, all of the mediators in EBC had a certain accuracy in diagnose of postoperative ARDS.
EBC analysis could be used to predict the high incidence of ARDS after cardiac valve replacement under CPB.
Observation of the molecular genetics among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Sun Ying , Long Sili , Liu Wenjun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common malignancies of the hematologic system in children. Typically, ALL children with various genetic changes show different incidences, development, and prognoses. This study aimed to analyze the incidence of molecular genetic subtype among ALL children based on their clinical information, and to further investigate the relationship of genetic varieties with the prognostic factors.
From 2010 to 2016, a total of 888 ALL children with TEL-AML1 fusion gene, hyperdiploidy, hypodiloidy, IL3-IGH rearranged, E2A PBX1 fusion gene, BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, or mixed lineage leukemia (MML) rearranged were selected and analyzed through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.
Our results suggested that, ALL children who lived in the Northern Plains were more likely to experience genetic varieties. In addition, the TEL-AML1 fusion gene, hyperdiploidy, and hypodiloidy were more likely to be detected in ALL children aged 1 to 9 years, while MLL rearrangement was probably detected among ALL children aged <1 year. On the other hand, the 5-year overall survival varied depending on different regions (East: 42.21%; Alaska: 0.001%; Northern Plains: 1.8%; Pacific Coast: 16.3%; and Southwest: 8%), races (African American: 44.5%; white: 18.2%; and Other: 16.3%), and genetic features (TEL-AML1: 10.1%; hyperdiploidy: 19.4%; hypodiloidy: 64.7%; IL3-IGH: 0.01%; E2A PBX1: 14.2%; BCR-ABL1: 15.2%; MLL rearranged: 12.3%).
In conclusion, our study found that genetic varieties among ALL children were closely related to their prognoses, and the detection rate of genetic molecules was associated with the age, race, and living area of children.