bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The information society and the creation of a new virtual space. The scientific ring of Catalonia (Spain)
Authors: Seguí Pons Joana María , Plana-Castellvi Josep A. 
Published: February 2020

Today, the communication and easy exchange of data is one of the key conditions that guarantee the smooth running of research projects done in the different scientific institutions of a given country. The creation of telematic infrastructures that make the quick transmission of information possible among institutions, businesses and others involved in research-related activities though perhaps geographically separated, is the only alternative in which all its members may receive, send and exchange basic information indispensable for the rapid development of their activity.
In 1993, the Fundaciô Catalana per a la Recerca (Catalan Research Foundation) created the Scientific Ring for the Catalan research community, which establishes a very advanced digital communication network with a high-capacity transmission of data all based on fiber optic cables. It is the first high-speed network for scientific use installed by Telefonica (the Spanish public telecomm operator) and one of the first in Europe. The Ring provides a platform for the development of scientific projects, applications and services. Its main goal is to guarantee the possible development of research in Catalonia under conditions similar to those of the most advanced countries in the world.
Planning urban quality as a shared value. The role of social communication networks
Authors: Bolondi Luca Massimo , Galderisi Adriana 
Published: February 2020

Urban quality is a concept that plays a central role in the debate about planning. A theory of urban quality should give a scientific interpretation of it, clarifying its possible role in the decision-making process and helping to define the tools for making it a working reality. A definition of “ quality ” can result only from multidisciplinary confrontation of different approaches. Quantitative approach, as expression of scientific and technical culture, and qualitative approach, more related to human science, can be integrated into a complex view of the problem. In this paper a set of performances is proposed to drive urban changes towards qualities of the city that can be considered satisfactory by the local communities involved in planning process. Furthermore, the relationship between this set of performances and the tools that decisors, technicians and citizens use to modify the form and organisation of the city is investigated. This allows a definition of the twofold role that social communication networks play :
-to support communication from decisors to users to the purpose of user requirements elicitation and of broadcasting the outcomes of urban policies ;
-to support participation of urban communities to the decision-making process, that means communication from users to decisors, in order to define priorities in urban policies and to verify consensus around their outcomes.
The Role of ICT as a Locational Factor in Peripheral Regions - Examples from “IT-active” local authority areas in Sweden
Authors: Lorentzon Sten 
Published: February 2020

This paper focuses on the use of information and communication technology as a communicative tool (ICT). The problem is how the knowledge of ICT is implemented at production for goods and services and its geographical impact. The purpose is to increase the knowledge of why activities locate to local authority areas (LAAs) that have successfully used information technology as a tool for the creation of jobs. Another subordinated purpose is to analyze how the demand for communications of activities influences the locational preferences and thereby the competitive power of different places/regions.
The study has mainly been performed through interviews with people representing businesses and authorities of the government and the LAAs of Ronneby, Sotenas, Are and Arvidsjaur. These LAAs have shown an interest in the development of the use of ICT (“IT-active”).
An assumption of the study is that relocation of activities is driven by push factors. Another assumption is that the infrastructure for information processing and exchange is important for different activities and thereby for the development of LAAs.
The result of this study argues that the expansion of call centers in peripheral areas depends on the difficulties in recruiting personnel in mainly the Stockholm metropolitan area, i.e. the push factors are decisive for the relocation of ICT -based businesses. The peripheral location can partly be balanced by infrastructure for communications. However, this study argues that infrastructure for telecommunications and passenger traffic are necessary conditonsfor the use of ICT in regional policy. The state, LAAs, teleoperators, businesses and private persons are in different ways involved in the efforts to take advantage of the potential possibilities of the use of ICT. In all types of activities, driving spirits play an important role. But even if there are common characteristic features the conclusion is that the specfic conditions are decisive for the location of businesses to a certain LAA. At the same time, the specific prerequisites of the different LAAs call for caution for transmission of the results presented in this study as general action proposals for the stimulation of ICT-use.
On Promoting Regional Economic Growth in Industrial Peripheries. Hyper-Footloose Business Services - The case of Swedish teleworkers in Spain
Authors: Alvstam Claes Göran , Jönsson Annelie 
Published: February 2020

One of the most spectacular phenomena of the spatial organization of the industrial firm in the 1990s has been the rapid change of the staff functions surrounding manufacturing. After having been located in close contact with physical production, and organized as a wholly-integrated and completely internalized part of the business, these functions have during the last decade tended to become outsourced activities. There are several key factors behind this development. One crucial element has been the visualization of the revealed overhead costs in the manufacturing enterprise. Cost-chasing has highlighted the costs of labour-intensive administration and general management, whose contribution to manufacturing value-added is more subtle than pure manufacturing. The extremely high taxation of labour compared to capital has, in some European countries, further contributed to cutting off staff within activities such as secretarial services, security, invoicing, factoring, computer maintenance etc. Outsourcing of these activities and the creation of an independent business services sector has thus been a means to implement better cost-control, as seen from the manufacturer’s point of view.
The second crucial factor that has made outsourcing possible has been the development of information technology. In this study we focus especially on outsourcing of those branches of business services, that, to a limited extent only, are dependent on frequent physical proximity between principal and sub-contractor, i.e. management consulting and software computer programming development. The field work has been carried out in the tourist resorts along the Spanish coastline, where, during recent years, a rapid growth of small enterprises, depending on cooperation with remote clients, has taken place. There has been a natural stepwise process from visiting an area as a tourist, through purchasing an apartment for semi-permanent living, to the establishment of a new company operating together with former clients in the home country. Our pre-understanding of this phenomenon was the observation that Swedish entrepreneurs, having grown up in the European periphery, in a country characterized by a large number of internationally active industrial companies, high taxation of personal income, as well as a harsh winter climate, have been forerunners in this development, and that the experiences from this relatively limited group may well spread to larger northern European countries such as U.K. and Germany. This example may thus be a starting-point in order to assess and to evaluate regional competitive advantages in promoting economic growth within a wider variety of factors than has hitherto been the case.
The Use of ICT at the Volvo Plant in Skövde, revisited
Authors: Lorentzon Sten 
Published: February 2020

This paper focuses on the changes in the flows of communication related to the interplay between the use of information communication technology (ICT) and the new organizational structures of transnational corporations (TNCs). The purpose of the study is to support an analysis of how the pattern and the use of different means of communication are influenced by the type of message. The analysis is based on both quantitative and qualitative studies and aims at increasing the knowledge of the use of ICT in business.
The study has been performed by documentation of the communication flows from the division of engines at the Volvo-plant in Skovde located to the southwestern part of Sweden. Communication flows registered in March 1992 are compared to flows registered mainly in March 1997. The surveys include different means of communication such as telephone, fax, electronic mail, mail and business trips. Furthermore, qualitative studies (through interviews) were carried out in spring 1993 and spring 1998. This qualitative approach was used for examining the type of information and type of work connected to different means of communication.
Some events influencing the structures of customers and suppliers and thereby the flows of communication are observed during the 5 -year periods. At the surveys in 1992 and 1993 the alliance between Volvo and Renault was still a reality. The alliance was created in 1990 and ceased in 1994. However, by this cooperation Cléon was added as a customer place. Further, the plant at Kalmar has been closed. The plant in Uddevalla has been both closed and reopened even if the production has been reduced and is directed towards other types of cars.
The use of different means of communication has tended to increase with the exception of regular mail. Problem-oriented issues are often transmitted by telephone. Fax, e-mail and mail usually transmit informative messages. A special note concerns the need for personal contacts, which is very pronounced when carrying out specific projects. As a result of the changes of the structures of customers and suppliers, the geographical pattern of contacts has changed. The customer structure has changed from being Swedish towards being foreign-oriented. The structure of suppliers is characterized by the development towards fewer but stronger suppliers. At the same time, the frequency of deliveries has increased. A consequence of this is the need for more communication. The tendency is towards a strengthening of the global and the local/regional levels and a weakening of the national level.
Geolocation technology and local information in mobile telephony
Authors: Arai Yoshio 
Published: February 2020

La question de la géolocalisation par les Technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) est de plus en plus d’actualité grâce à une offre en matière de téléphonie mobile toujours plus perfectionnée. En particulier, cela permet d’offrir aux utilisateurs des informations locales grâce au positionnement permis par le système GPS.
Le premier service de positionnement géographique au Japon employant le système personnel de Handyphone (PHS) a débuté en 1998. Ce service a été appliqué à la question de la sécurité pour les enfants, à celle les aînés, au secours et pour la gestion des véhicules de livraison. C’est autour de Tannée 2000 que les compagnies japonaises de téléphone mobile ont commencé à offrir des services de géo-localisation aux producteurs d’informations locales (exemple de NTT Docomo). Désormais, beaucoup de services géolocalisés offrant des contenus locaux (recherche de restaurants, de magasins, services de navigation pour des touristes) sont disponibles. C’est précisément ce qu’il s’agit de présenter dans le cadre de cet article.
Virtual mobility and processes of displacement : Young people’s changing use of ICT, time, and place
Authors: Thulin Eva , Vilhelmson Bertil 
Published: February 2020

Since the early 1990s an entirely new activity has entered the daily life of many households -the use of computers for on-line and off-line activities. It is anticipated that the resulting increased virtual mobility will have far-reaching consequences in terms of where, when, and how people use time and place for various activities. This paper explores the processes of “privatisation ” and “displacement”. By privatisation we refer to a process by which people withdraw from community, becoming more alone and socially isolated at home, with fewer face-to-face contacts. This denotes a broader question as to which activities -in-home or out-of-home -are displaced when information and communication technology (ICT) enters the time budgets of people.
Data from extensive surveys and in-depth studies are used. A longitudinal study of the ICT use of young people in Sweden analysed one-week time-use diaries and in-depth interviews to yield detailed insights into ongoing trends. Data from the Swedish National Communication Surveys, 1997-2001, were used to cast light on general tendencies concerning the role of ICT in everyday life.
Results show that heavy ICT users spend more time alone at home and less time socialising face-to-face. They use other kinds of media to the same extent as other groups do. However, a longitudinal analysis reveals that it is mainly time spent watching TV and on other home-based media activities that is displaced when people spend more time using ICT. Furthermore, ICT use adapts to the amount of free time available, rather than being directly determined by access to computers and the Internet.
The application of information technology in mobile object simulation
Authors: Arrowsmith Colin , Itami Bob , Kim Sylvester Sungchan 
Published: February 2020

Faire coïncider des mouvements des objets mobiles le long des voies de circulation ou des réseaux, devient plus important à mesure que le trafic le long de ces réseaux augmente. Cet article propose une méthodologie qui a été développée pour rassembler et analyser les mouvements spatiaux pour différents genres d'objets mobiles le long des réseaux. Deux études de cas sont employées pour illustrer comment la méthodologie a été adoptée dans deux applications distinctes. La première étude a été achevée en. 2004. Elle consistait à surveiller les mouvements de touristes au sein d’un parc côtier bien connu dans la province australienne du Victoria occidental. La deuxième porte sur un projet actuellement en cours, où la méthodologie a été appliquée au mouvement de bateau de fleuve le long d'une grande voie d'eau urbaine dans la région métropolitaine de Melbourne.
En utilisant l'information dérivée de cette méthodologie il est possible de modeler le comportement prédictif sous les scénarios variables de gestion pour examiner l'effet de la circulation accrue le long des réseaux en utilisant le logiciel de simulation multi-agent.
DAMPAK SOSIALISASI ANTI NARKOBA TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN SISWA SMK NU UNGARAN TENTANG NARKOBA TAHUN 2018
Authors: Rosyidi M. Imron , Susilo Eko 
Published: February 2020

Latar belakang: Narkoba yang dikonsumsi secara terus menerus akan membuat tubuh seseorang menjadi melemah, karena zat yang dia masukkan secara langsung menjadi ancaman bagi tubuh, ancaman ini baik ancaman fisik maupun ancaman psikologis (UNODC,2008). Secara historis, narkoba sebenarnya digunakan dalam dua kegiatan yaitu pengobatan dan penelitian, akan tetapi penyalahgunaan narkoba di Indonesia sudah sangat mengkhwatirkan sehingga Indonesia masuk kategori Darurat Narkoba. Berdasarkan riset BNN tahun 2014 didapatkan bahwa jumlah pengguna narkoba remaja dalam kategori meningkat. Selain kesehatan narkoba juga memberikan dampak ekonomi dan sosial.
Tujuan: untuk mengetahui dampak sosialisasi anti narkoba terhadap pengetahuan siswa SMK NU Ungaran tentang Narkoba
Metode: desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif komparatif menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional, jumlah populasi 360 siswa dengan sampel penelitian 80 siswa SMK NU Kab Semarang, pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis Bivariat menggunakan uji Wilcoxon.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan 80 % remaja berpengetahuan baik sebelum dilakukan sosialisasi dan 90 % berpengetahuan baik setelah dilakukan sosialisasi. Hasil uji wilcoxon didapatkan nilai 0,034 < 0,05 sehingga dapat dikatakan ada dampak sosialisasi narkoba terhadap pengetahuan siswa SMK NU tentang Narkoba.
Simpulan: bahwa sebagian besar siswa SMK NU memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang narkoba.
Knowledge, attitudes and barriers pain management by nurses in Iran: A systematic review
Authors: Khalighi Ebrahim , Soufinia Askar , Solaimanizadeh Lale , Borji Milad , Tarjoman Asma , Soltany Behrouz , Hydaryian Hosein 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Pain is a phenomenon that may be experience d every human being. Pain is one of the symptoms of the disease that has negative effects on patients and causes challenges in medical personnel. The aim of the present systematic review was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and pain management status in Iranian nurses.
Methodology: This is a systematic review carried out according to systematic review articles checklist (PRISMA). The search was conducted by two researchers separately. In case of inconsistency, the search was examined by a third researchers. In this study, articles that met the inclusion criteria and published between 2000 to June 2019, were included. The search process was carried out in Iranian and international databases. Data were reported in usinga descriptive method using Excel 2007 software.
Result: According to result 180 articles were extracted in the initial search, of which 50 were excluded from the study, and finally 19 articles entered the data extraction phase. The extracted articles were classified into 4 dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice in pain management, nurses'understanding of pain management, nurses' problems in pain relief, and the extent of pain management implementation and assessment, which are described as follows.
Conclusion: Nurses' knowledge, attitude, and managementregarding painmanagementis not in an excellent condition and many studies in Iran should include educational interventions for nurses to help improve their knowledge, attitude, and pain management.
Citation: Khalighi E, Soufinia A, Solaimanizadeh L, Borji M, Tarjoman A, Soltany B, Hydaryian H. Knowledge, attitudes and barriers pain management by nurses in Iran: A systematic review. Anaesth pain & intensive care 2019;23(4):__
Received: 8 September 2019; Reviewed: 24, 30 September 2019; 6, 7 November 2019; Revised: 5 November 2019; Accepted: 12 November 2019
Comparative study of intrathecal nalbuphine versus clonidine as adjuvants to 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine for elective infra umbilical surgeries
Authors: A. Shalini , N. Kokila , H. G. Manjunatha , L. Supriya 
Published: February 2020

Background and objectives: Various intrathecal adjuvants have been clinically tried for the prolongation of intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. This study aims at evaluating the effects of intrathecal nalbuphine and clonidine as adjuvants to isobaric levobupivacaine in subarachnoid block.
Methodology: 60 patients scheduled for elective infra umbilical surgeries were allocated into two groups of thirty each to receive 15 mg of 0.5% isobaric Levobupivacaine with either 1 mg nalbuphine (Group LN) or 30 µg clonidine (Group LC) intrathecally. Characteristics of spinal anesthesia in terms of sensory analgesia and motor blockade were noted. Hemodynamic parameters and adverse effects if any were recorded. Data obtained was compiled and statistically analysed with appropriate tests.
Results: Onset of sensory and motor blocks was faster in group LN (2.43 ± 0.93 and 2.2 ± 0.9 min) compared to group LC (3.26 ± 1.04 and 3.13 ± 1.0 min). However, time to two segment regression (186.8 ± 24.5 vs 146.5 ± 21.4), total duration of effective analgesia (384.1 ± 56.6 vs 292.1 ± 40.9) and total duration of motor block (345.3 ± 41.7 vs 235.6 ± 29.5 min) were significantly prolonged in group LC than in group LN. There was no significant difference in hemodynamic changes and adverse effects between the groups.
Conclusion: The addition of 30 µg clonidine to intrathecal 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine as adjuvant, is associated with prolonged sensory and motor blockade with better perioperative analgesia compared to 1 mg nalbuphine.
Citation: Shalini A, Kokila N, Manjunatha HG, Supriya L. Comparative study of intrathecal nalbuphine versus clonidine as adjuvants to 0.5% isobaric levobupivacaine for elective infra umbilical surgeries. Anaesth pain & intensive care 2019;23(4)__
Received: 21 August 2019, Reviewed: 13 September, 22 November 2019, Accepted: 26 November 2019
Stellate ganglion block as a complementary therapeutic modality for arterial thrombosis in upper limb of a neonate
Authors: Taheri Mehrdad , Radfar Mitra , Tabasi Shabnam , Alijanpour Ebrahim , Jabbari Ali 
Published: February 2020

Stellate ganglion block or lower cervical sympathetic block is an interventional procedure, in which a local anesthetic is injected to the sympathetic trunk of the neck, for adjustment of autonomic tone in head, neck and the upper extremity. This procedure is frequently used as a complementary therapeutic modality in a variety of complex heterogeneous problems. We report a case of rapid onset radial and brachial artery thrombosis, which developed in a neonate patient after multiple attempts for a peripheral venous access by cannulation. The condition was diagnosed with Doppler ultrasound, and was successfully managed with stellate ganglion block along with intravenous administration of an anticoagulant.
Citation: Taheri M, Radfar M, Tabasi S, Alijanpour E, Jabbari A. Stellate ganglion block as a complementary therapeutic modality for arterial thrombosis in upper limb of a neonate. Anaesth pain & intensive care 2019;23(4)__
Received: 22 July 2019; Reviewed: 18 August, 15 November 2019; Revised: 2 December 2019; Accepted: 6 December 2019