bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paroxetine combined with olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Ning , Zheng Na , Dong Mei , He Jin 
Published: February 2020

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of paroxetine combined with olanzapine in the treatment of senile schizophrenia with depression.
Methods: Eighty-four elderly schizophrenic patients with depression who were admitted to our hospital from August 2016 to February 2018 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into observation group and control group using random number table, 42 cases in each group. The control group was treated with olanzapine orally, while the observation group was treated with olanzapine and paroxetine orally. The level of homocysteine (Hcy) in the two groups was analyzed before and after treatment. The efficacy was evaluated by the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) score and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score. The adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.
Results: After treatment, the level of serum Hcy in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), and it was close to the normal level. There was no significant difference in PANSS score between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the negative factor score and PANSS score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The HAMD score of the two groups had no significant difference before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the HAMD score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The difference of incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Paroxetine combined with olanzapine has a definite clinical effect in the treatment of senile schizophrenia with depression. It can effectively reduce the level of serum Hcy, relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia, and alleviate the depressive symptoms of patients, with high safety. It is worth promoting.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.846
How to cite this:Wang N, Zheng N, Dong M, He J. Paroxetine combined with olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(3):516-520. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.3.846
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The role of the Xist 5’ m6A region and RBM15 in X chromosome inactivation
Authors: Coker Heather , Wei Guifeng , Moindrot Benoit , Mohammed Shabaz , Nesterova Tatyana , Brockdorff Neil 
Published: February 2020

Background: X chromosome inactivation in mammals is regulated by the non-coding (nc) RNA, Xist, which represses the chromosome from which it is transcribed. High levels of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification occur within Xist exon I, close to the 5’ end of the transcript, and also further 3’, in Xist exon VII. The m6A modification is catalysed by the METTL3/14 complex that is directed to specific targets, including Xist, by the RNA binding protein RBM15/15B. m6A modification of Xist RNA has been reported to be important for Xist–mediated gene silencing. Methods: We use CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutagenesis to delete sequences around the 5’ m6A region in interspecific XX mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Following induction of Xist RNA expression, we assay chromosome silencing using allelic RNA-seq and Xist m6A distribution using m6A-seq. Additionally, we use Xist RNA FISH to analyse the effect of deleting the 5’ m6A region on the function of the endogenous Xist promoter. We purify epitope tagged RBM15 from mESCs, and then apply MS/MS analysis to define the RBM15 interactome. Results: We show that a deletion encompassing the entire Xist 5’ m6A region results in a modest reduction in Xist-mediated silencing, and that the 5’ m6A region overlaps essential DNA elements required for activation of the endogenous Xist promoter. Deletion of the Xist A-repeat, to which RBM15 binds, entirely abolishes deposition of m6A in the Xist 5’ m6A region without affecting the modification in exon VII. We show that in mESCs, RBM15 interacts with the m6A complex, the SETD1B histone modifying complex, and several proteins linked to RNA metabolism. Conclusions: Our findings support that RBM15 binding to the Xist A-repeat recruits the m6A complex to the 5’ Xist m6A region and that this region plays a role in Xist-mediated chromosome silencing.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PEMANFAATAN PUSAT INFORMASI DAN KONSELING REMAJA (PIK-R) PADA REMAJA DI SMA N 1 SANDEN
Authors: Fadzilla Vichi , Djannah Sitti Nur 
Published: February 2020

Background: Teenagers have a very complex problem along with the transmission period they experienced. In general, adolescents expressed the need for reproductive health services that is equal to 94.55% of the total respondents. Only a few respondents stated that they had used a youth service center that was 23.42%. Utilization of Youth Information and Counseling Center is still very low in Indonesia. Strategies to improve the utilization of the Youth Information and Counseling Center are urgently needed. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and role of peer educators with the utilization of PIK-R in adolescents in SMA N 1 Sanden. Method: This research is a quantitative analytical research with cross sectional approach. Sampling using purposive sampling technique and obtained a sample of 75 members of PIK-R in SMA N 1 Sanden. Measurement of variables using questionnaires and tested using Chi square test. Results: The results of this study indicate that the role of peer educators has a significant relationship with the utilization of PIK-R (p = 0.008), no knowledge relation (p = 0.218) and attitudes about reproductive health (p = 0.072) with PIK-R utilization. Peer educator role variables have RP = 2.323 (95% CI = 1.284-4.202) more than the number 1 means peer educator role is really risk factor. Knowledge and attitude variable have RP value = 0.590 (95% CI = 0.278-1.252) and RP = 1.798 (95% CI = 1.029-3.143). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the role of peer educators and the utilization of PIK-R in adolescents in SMA N 1 Sanden.
Nanopartículas de plata como agente antibacteriano en infecciones óseas
Authors: González-Jiménez Adela , García Ana 
Published: February 2020

El envejecimiento progresivo de la población y el aumento de las afecciones articulares degenerativas generan un incremento en las patologías óseas, comprometiendo al aparato locomotor. Esto da lugar a un aumento de fracturas y defectos óseos, difíciles de tratar en algunos casos.Los avances en la ciencia de materiales y la biomedicina son determinantes en este ámbito, ya que buscan diseñar nuevos biomateriales para posteriormente implantarlos con el fin de reemplazar, reparar y regenerar el tejido óseo dañado. Sin embargo, en algunas ocasiones, su aplicación clínica puede presentar varios problemas. Uno de estos problemas es la posible infección bacteriana tras la intervención quirúrgica, que generaría la formación de un biofilm. Esto puede inhibir el efecto de antibióticos en esa zona, requiriendo una segunda intervención quirúrgica. La plata es un agente citotóxico que podría utilizarse como medida preventiva para evitar la formación de un biofilm bacteriano en implantes, mediante su incorporación al propio biomaterial.El propósito de este trabajo es documentar el uso de las nanopartículas de plata metálica como agente antibacteriano. Se indicará su mecanismo de acción frente a las bacterias y su posible toxicidad en el organismo humano.
Hábitos de actividad física y factores relacionados en adolescentes
Authors: Martín Gómez Estela , Mateos Campos Ramona 
Published: February 2020

La relación entre la práctica de actividad física y la alimentación en adolescentes permite establecer patrones de vida saludables que mejoran la salud en la edad adulta.Este estudio describe los hábitos de actividad física de un grupo de adolescentes divididos por la edad, a los que se aplicó una encuesta de 19 preguntas para determinar intensidad, frecuencia y tipo de actividad física; evaluar los niveles de vida sedentaria, y valorar el patrón alimentario.Existen diferencias significativas en la frecuencia e intensidad del ejercicio físico, los chicos realizan un ejercicio vigoroso-enérgico, mientras que las chicas realizan un ejercicio moderado. Durante el tiempo libre, un pequeño grupo de chicos realizan deporte y las chicas dan un paseo, sin embargo, la mayoría prefiere usar su móvil.Una significativa proporción de adolescentes no desayunan por la mañana, principalmente chicas. Existen diferencias en el patrón alimentario en el consumo de carne, fruta, galletas o bollos.Aunque la mayoría de adolescentes practican actividad física, no son suficientemente activos y, con la edad, empeoran los hábitos, por lo que se debe concienciar de mantener una práctica diaria, disminuir las horas con el móvil y mejorar los hábitos alimentarios.
Cognitive accessibility predicts word order of couples’ names in English and Japanese
Authors: Tachihara Karina , Goldberg Adele E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe investigate the order in which speakers produce the proper names of couples they know personally in English and Japanese, two languages with markedly different constituent word orders. Results demonstrate that speakers of both languages tend to produce the name of the person they feel closer to before the name of the other member of the couple (N = 180). In this way, speakers’ unique personal histories give rise to a remarkably systematic linguistic generalization in both English and Japanese. Insofar as closeness serves as an index ofcognitive accessibility, the current work demonstrates that systematicity emerges from a domain-general property of memory.
Proteostasis in thermogenesis and obesity
Authors: Bartelt Alexander , Widenmaier Scott B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe proper production, degradation, folding and activity of proteins, proteostasis, is essential for any cellular function. From single cell organisms to humans, selective pressures have led to the evolution of adaptive programs that ensure proteins are properly produced and disposed of when necessary. Environmental factors such as temperature, nutrient availability, pathogens as well as predators have greatly influenced the development of mechanisms such as the unfolded protein response, endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation and autophagy, working together in concert to secure cellular proteostasis. In our modern society, the metabolic systems of the human body face the distinct challenge of changed diets, chronic overnutrition and sedentary lifestyles. Obesity and excess white adipose tissue accumulation are linked to a cluster of metabolic diseases and disturbed proteostasis is a common feature. Conversely, processes that promote energy expenditure such as exercise, shivering as well as non-shivering thermogenesis by brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipocytes counteract metabolic dysfunction. Here we review the basic concepts of proteostasis in obesity-linked metabolic diseases and focus on adipocytes, which are critical regulators of mammalian energy metabolism.
The biogenesis of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins
Authors: Edwards Ruairidh , Gerlich Sarah , Tokatlidis Kostas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) houses a large spectrum of proteins with distinct and critical functions. Protein import into this mitochondrial sub-compartment is underpinned by an intriguing variety of pathways, many of which are still poorly understood. The constricted volume of the IMS and the topological segregation by the inner membrane cristae into a bulk area surrounded by the boundary inner membrane and the lumen within the cristae is an important factor that adds to the complexity of the protein import, folding and assembly processes. We discuss the main import pathways into the IMS, but also how IMS proteins are degraded or even retro-translocated to the cytosol in an integrated network of interactions that is necessary to maintain a healthy balance of IMS proteins under physiological and cellular stress conditions. We conclude this review by highlighting new and exciting perspectives in this area with a view to develop a better understanding of yet unknown, likely unconventional import pathways, how presequence-less proteins can be targeted and the basis for dual localisation in the IMS and the cytosol. Such knowledge is critical to understanding the dynamic changes of the IMS proteome in response to stress, and particularly important for maintaining optimal mitochondrial fitness.
Experimental and Computational Studies of Aerated Stirred Tank with Dual Impeller
Authors: Teli Shivanand M. , Pawar Viraj S. , Mathpati Channamallikarjun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStirred tanks are commonly used in chemical and allied industries for reaction and separation. In order to improve the mixing performance, large scale reactors are often equipped with multiple impellers. In the case of gas-liquid systems, the gas hold-up, mass transfer coefficient, and interfacial area strongly depend on the size and type of impellers, clearance between impellers and superficial gas velocity. In the present work, the effect of the impeller speed, superficial gas velocity, and top impeller position has been investigated on gas hold-up, interfacial area, and mass transfer coefficient. Computational fluid dynamics have been carried out for the multiphase multi-impeller system and the model predictions have been compared with the experimental data.
„The Darkest Chapter of Human History“ – Ein Ausstellungsprojekt zur Auseinandersetzung mit Nationalsozialismus und Holocaust im DaF-Unterricht einer thailändischen Universität
Authors: Pülm Felix 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag beschreibt ein handlungsorientiertes Unterrichtsprojekt an einer thailändischen Universität, im Rahmen dessen Studierende eine Ausstellung zu den Themen „Nationalsozialismus“ und „Holocaust“ erstellt haben. Es wird auf generelle Schwierigkeiten bei der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Holocaust im DaF-Unterricht sowie auf spezifische thailändische Aspekte eingegangen. Zudem werden handlungs- und projektorientierte Konzepte und ihr Potenzial für den Einsatz im Fremdsprachenunterricht erläutert. Bei der Schilderung des Projektes werden Aufgabenstellung, Hilfestellungen, sprachliche Aspekte sowie die im Rahmen des Projektes entstandenen Plakate beschrieben.
Factors determining choice of complementary and alternative medicine in acute and chronic diseases
Authors: Chowdhuri Praheli Dhar , Kundu Kaushik 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Systematic analysis of the determinants of choice of a treatment modality aids to the understanding of decision process of healthcare utilization. The revealed preference of a single modality may differ according to the nature of disease. Existing studies have not integrated possible causal factors in a model with respect to diseases. This study identifies major determinants and formulates their integral effect on choice of a particular modality on acute and chronic diseases in accordance to socio-behavioural model.

Methodology
A cross-sectional study on 300 samples using a 30-point questionnaire, developed in Likert scale and dichotomous scale. Possible determinants are tested on choice of CAM in case of acute disease and of chronic disease separately.

Results
Revealed single modality treatment preference (of CAM) varies widely between acute disease (13%) and chronic disease (58.67%). Bivariate associations are significant for gender (For, overall CAM preference, p=0.001, acute disease, p<0.001, chronic disease, p=0.024), Disease burden (overall and chronic: p<0.001, acute: p=0.008) and previous CAM usage (overall and chronic: p<0.001, acute: p=0.016). Social factor individually has significant influence on choosing CAM both acute (OR=1.096, p<0.001) and chronic disease (OR=1.036, p<0.001). Ideation of philosophical need factor, guided by philosophical congruence with CAM (OR=1.047, p<0.001) is a novel finding of this study. While with multiple logistic regression male gender (p=0.03), social factor (p<0.001), perception of CAM efficacy (p=0.02) and negative ideation about CAM cost-effectiveness (p=0.002) are found to be important in Acute disease; choosing CAM in chronic disease is guided by female gender (p=0.001), making decision in-group (p=0.001), low disease burden (p<0.001), philosophical need factor (p=0.001), and perception of CAM efficacy (p<0.001).

Conclusion
Demographic, social, cognitive and philosophical factors are important determinants of choosing CAM as a treatment modality over conventional medicine, but they act differently on CAM preference in acute and chronic diseases.
Bowel perforation after ventriculoperitoneal-shunt placement: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Gmeiner Matthias , Thomae Wolfgang , Tolino Marco , Senker Wolfgang , Gruber Andreas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Bowel perforation by a peritoneal catheter (BPPC) is a serious complication after ventriculoperitoneal shunting, with high mortality and morbidity rates. This patient presented with scalp ulceration over the shunt valve at the retromastoid region 26 years after shunt placement. During revision, the catheter distal to the valve was divided in the clavicular region. As there was no cerebrospinal fluid drainage, we decided to remove the ventricular catheter and valve. The ulceration was debrided and primarily closed. Distal to the clavicle, the disconnected peritoneal catheter was encased in a fibrous, calcified tunnel. To avoid piecemeal resection with multiple incisions, the catheter was not retrieved. Two years later, the patient presented with an abscess and pus draining from the clavicular wound. Cultures were positive for enteric bacteria. BPPC with retrograde spread of infection was suspected, and abdominal computed tomography confirmed perforation. We removed the disconnected catheter, but the perforation site could not be detected during laparotomy. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics and recovered without complications. To minimize complications, abandoned catheters should be avoided. Otherwise, patients unnecessarily have a life-long risk of developing abdominal complications. In patients with abandoned catheters and severe abdominal symptoms, BPPC is an important differential diagnosis.
Crystal structure of aqua-dichlorido-(4-(((3-ethoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)hydrazono)(oxido)methyl)pyridin-1-ium-κ3
N,O,O′)iron(III), C15H16Cl2N3O4Fe
Authors: Liguo Yang , Zhen Zhang , Yongsheng Niu , Fang Wang , Dayong Tian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
C15H16Cl2N3O4Fe, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.7419(15) Å, b = 22.717(4) Å, c = 9.6256(16) Å, β = 112.546(2)°, V = 1765.4(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0255, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0622, T = 298 K [1–3].
The Fruits of the Unseen: A Jamesian Challenge to Explanatory Reductionism in Accounts of Religious Experience
Authors: Stepanenko Walter Scott 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn Religious Experience, Wayne Proudfoot argued that a tout court rejection of reductionism in accounts of religious experience was not viable. According to Proudfoot, it’s possible to distinguish between an illegitimate practice of descriptive reductionism and the legitimate practice of explanatory reductionism. The failure to distinguish between these two forms of reductionism resulted in a protective strategy, or an attempt to protect religious experience from the reach of scientific explanation. Among the theorists whom he accused of deploying this illegitimate strategy Proudfoot included William James and his work in The Varieties of Religious Experience. In this article, I argue that while James does occasionally deploy a protective strategy in Varieties, this is not the only nor most important method of treating religious experience James developed. Implicit in his rejection of medical materialism, James not only deploys the protective strategy Proudfoot criticizes, but the pragmatic method with which he treats all claims. I argue that James’s pragmatic method leads to what James called noetic pluralism, or the view that there is no privileged knowledge practice, but a plurality of knowledge practices, and that this method puts pressure on the explanatory reductionist, who is implicitly committed to noetic monism.
Microstructure and compressive behavior of lamellar Al2O3p/Al composite prepared by freeze-drying and mechanical-pressure infiltration method
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Dong Shanliang , Ma Shuai , Hou Xuwei , Yang Wenshu , Zhang Yumin , Wu Gaohui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Infiltrated molten Al matrix by mechanical-pressure infiltration method into the ceramic scaffold prepared by freeze-drying technology could prepare dense lamellar Al matrix composites without damage of the biomimetic microstructure of the scaffold. However, the investigation of lamellar Al matrix composites prepared by freeze-drying and mechanical-pressure infiltration method has not been fully understood yet. In the present work, the Al2O3 scaffold with pearl layer structure was prepared by freezing-dry method, and eventually the lamellar Al2O3p/Al composite was fabricated by mechanical-pressure infiltration method. The Al matrix was infiltrated well into the large pores of the Al2O3 scaffold, and the lamellar structure of the Al2O3 was well preserved. The hardness of the lamellar Al2O3p/Al composite was isotropic in transvers and perpendicular directions. However, the compressive strengths of the lamellar Al2O3p/Al composite were significant anisotropic while the compressive strength in transvers direction was 127.7% higher than that in the perpendicular direction, indicating the integrality of the lamellae microstructure (especially the bridging layers). Due to the mismatched deformability, weak debonding was observed between Al and Al2O3p/Al layers in the fracture surface of the lamellar Al2O3p/Al composite. It indicates that the interfacial bonding between Al and Al2O3p/Al layers is rather strong, which is beneficial for higher strength in transvers direction but lead to lower strength in perpendicular direction.
Implicit and Explicit Words of Wisdom in Aeschylusand inPrometheus Bound:A Laconically Generalizing Titan and a Densely Lavish Poet
Authors: Manousakis Nikos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPrometheus Boundis a disputed play in the Aeschylean corpus. For some time now the impact of this short description seems to be gradually unraveling the renowned reputation this play used to enjoy. What was in the past the grandiose work of an eminent master, is now regarded by a rising number of scholars as a rather simplistic composition by an anonymous author. Yet, even though the disputed play could not have been composed by Aeschylus, and is indeed nothing like Aeschylus in the summit of his art, as we know him in the main through the fully extant dramas of the last fifteen or so years of his career,Pr. is not devoid of genuine dramatic value. In the present study I focus on the generalizations in the plays in the Aeschylean corpus. I attempt to show that even though the author ofPr. and Aeschylus are clearly different in how they exploit generalizations, this does not –ipso facto – imply that the anonymous former is incompetent in this respect, while the famous latter is most skillful. They are two different playwrights with two different, yet both very special, approaches in handling generalizations.