bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lexicographic choice under variable capacity constraints
Authors: Doğan Battal , Doğan Serhat , Yıldız Kemal 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn several matching markets, to achieve diversity, agents' priorities are allowed to vary across an institution's available seats, and the institution is let to choose agents in a lexicographic fashion based on a predetermined ordering of the seats, called a (capacity‐constrained) lexicographic choice rule. We provide a characterization of lexicographic choice rules and a characterization of deferred acceptance mechanisms that operate based on a lexicographic choice structure under variable capacity constraints. We discuss some implications for the Boston school choice system and show that our analysis can be helpful in applications to select among plausible choice rules.
Symptomatic partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a kitten
Authors: Hsueh Tung , Yang Chung‐Chun , Lin Shiun‐Long , Chan I‐Ping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA 3‐month‐old intact female American Shorthair cat, with syncope and tachypnea, underwent cardiac examination which identified no heart murmur or gallop. Thoracic radiography disclosed mild generalized enlargement of the cardiac silhouette and a bronchial and interstitial pattern throughout the lungs. Echocardiography identified tubular structures near the left atrium. After agitated saline contrast imaging, persistent left cranial vena cava with unroofed coronary sinus was suspected. Computed tomography angiography showed the right cranial, right caudal and left caudal pulmonary veins draining into the coronary sinus and flowing into the right atrium. The left cranial pulmonary vein drained normally into the left atrium. Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) was diagnosed. The kitten was treated with diuretics but died of heart failure 2 months later. Permission for necropsy was not granted. This case represents symptomatic PAPVC in a kitten. Most pulmonary veins were connected abnormally with the coronary sinus. The prognosis was grave because of refractory heart failure.
Clinico‐immunological outcomes of HCV‐cured cryoglobulinemia: Lower relapse rate with interferon‐based than interferon‐free therapy
Authors: Colantuono Stefania , Marrapodi Ramona , Del Padre Martina , Collalti Giulia , Garzi Giulia , De Santis Adriano , Fiorilli Massimo , Basili Stefania , Visentini Marcella , Casato Milvia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSustained virological response (SVR) obtained with interferon (IFN) or with direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) is commonly followed by response of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐associated mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis (MCV), but relapse of MCV despite SVR has been reported in several patients after DAAs and rarely after IFN. Since relapses could have been overlooked in studies with IFN, we retrospectively compared the outcomes of MCV in SVR patients treated with DAAs (n = 70) or IFN (n = 39) followed‐up, respectively, for 30.5 (range 11‐51) or 48 months. Groups were comparable for demographics and clinics and response rates of MCV were similar (92% and 86%); however, DAA‐treated patients less efficiently reduced cryoglobulins (P = .006) and circulating B‐cell clones (P = .004), and had more frequently relapses of MCV (18% vs 3%, P = .028) and need for rituximab therapy (P = .01). Although largely inferior on an intention‐to‐treat basis, IFN may be superior to DAAs on clinico‐immunological outcomes possibly owing to its antiproliferative activity.
Threshold versus intensity functions in two‐colour automated perimetry
Authors: Simunovic Matthew P. , Hess Kristina , Avery Neil , Mammo Zaid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeTwo‐colour computerised perimetry is a technique developed for assessing cone‐ and rod‐function at fixed background luminances in retinal disease. However, the state of adaptation during testing is unknown but crucial in the interpretation of results. We therefore aimed to determine the adaptational state of rod‐ and cone‐mechanisms in two‐colour perimetry.MethodsSensitivity to 480 nm (blue) and 640 nm (red) Goldmann size V targets was determined for 10 normal subjects aged 16 to 46 years at 17 locations in the central 60 degrees of the visual field under scotopic conditions and then from −1.5 log cd m−2 to 2 log cd m−2 (white background) in 0.5 log unit steps. Data were fitted with threshold versus intensity (tvi) functions of the form logT = logT0 + log ((A + A0)/A0)n.ResultsNo clear rod‐cone break was observed for 640 nm stimuli. For 480 nm stimuli, transition from rod‐detection to cone‐detection occurred at mesopic illumination levels, where rod adaptation approached Weber behaviour. Cone detection mechanisms did not display Weber‐like adaptation until the background luminance approached 1 log cd.m−2. Diseases resulting in a “filter effect” ‐ including disorders of the photoreceptors ‐ are therefore predicted to affect sensitivity when rod function is probed with short‐wavelength targets under scotopic conditions, but less so under mesopic conditions. Filter effects are similarly anticipated to affect cone function measured using long‐wavelength targets under mesopic conditions (e.g., during microperimetry), but less so under photopic conditions.ConclusionsAsymmetries in adaptation in automated two‐colour perimetry are predicted to artefactually favour the detection of losses in rod sensitivity under scotopic conditions and cones under mesopic conditions.
Diversity of banana diploid hybrids: An assessment based on a hydroponic system
Authors: Santos Adriadna S. , Amorim Edson P. , Almeida Alex‐Alan F. , Ferreira Claudia F. , Coelho Filho Mauricio Antonio , Pirovani Carlos P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBananas are typical to tropical and subtropical climate regions, where they have better conditions due to high air humidity and soil water availability. The production of drought‐tolerant varieties is an alternative to expand the cultivation sites to drier areas. In this work, we present a hydroponic system for the genotype selection of Musa sp. (AA) subjected to water stress. A total of 14 banana genotypes were tested; 12 diploids and two commercial varieties with a known response to drought tolerance. The results show that the improved diploids have different responses with respect to water deficit, with the PMGB043 and PMGB044 genotypes considered more susceptible and the PMGB075 and PMGB099 genotypes more tolerant. Under water deficit conditions, most banana diploids maintain a high relative water content, but there is a reduction in aerial part growth and an increase in root dry mass. The accumulation of alcohol dehydrogenase, especially in control treatment plants, indicate that the glycolytic pathway was used to supply energy demand, showing potential flood‐tolerant genotypes. The results are essential for the preimprovement of banana cultivars.
Recurrent co‐alteration of HDGF and SETDB1 on chromosome 1q drives cutaneous melanoma progression and poor prognosis
Authors: Fazio Maurizio , van Rooijen Ellen , Mito Jeffrey K. , Modhurima Rodsy , Weiskopf Erika , Yang Song , Zon Leonard I. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA progressive increase in copy number variation (CNV) characterizes the natural history of cutaneous melanoma progression toward later disease stages, but our understanding of genetic drivers underlying chromosomal arm‐level CNVs remains limited. To identify candidate progression drivers, we mined the TCGA SKCM dataset and identified HDGF as a recurrently amplified gene whose high mRNA expression correlates with poor patient survival. Using melanocyte‐specific overexpression in the zebrafish BRAFV600E‐driven MiniCoopR melanoma model, we show that HDGF accelerates melanoma development in vivo. Transcriptional analysis of HDGF compared to control EGFP tumors showed the activation of endothelial/angiogenic pathways. We validated this observation using an endothelial kdrl:mCherry reporter line which showed HDGF to increases tumor vasculature. HDGF is frequently co‐altered with the established melanoma driver SETDB1. Both genes are located on chromosome 1q, and their co‐amplification is observed in up to 13% of metastatic melanoma. TCGA patients with both genes amplified and/or overexpressed have a worse melanoma specific survival. We tested co‐expression of HDGF and SETDB1 in the MiniCoopR model, which resulted in faster and more aggressive melanoma development than either gene individually. Our work identifies the co‐amplification of HDGF and SETDB1 as a functional driver of melanoma progression and poor patient prognosis.
The Irrelevance of History: In Defense of a Pure Functionalist Theory of Territorial Jurisdiction
Authors: Koch Mikalsen Kjartan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article defends a pure functionalist theory of territorial jurisdiction according to which a state’s moral right to rule over a territory rests on its present moral performance as a freedom‐enabling institutional structure. A common objection against functionalist theories is that they cannot explain why it matters that one particular state has exclusive jurisdiction over a certain territory. This deficiency is often associated with the annexation challenge, which is supposed to show that functionalist theories cannot deal adequately with cases of annexation. Against this line of criticism, I argue that the pure functionalist justification of the right to rule is capable of tackling challenges related to particularity and annexation. First, the pure functionalist theory explains why it is important that one particular state rules over a given territory. It also tells us what set of laws and what government we should comply with. Second, the pure functionalist justification of the right to rule entails sufficient conceptual resources to account for the wrongdoing involved in annexation. Although the theory deems past wrongs irrelevant for the justification of the right to exercise jurisdiction on a territory, it is adequately sensitive to historical injustice.
Why a Hedgehog Cannot Have Political Obligations
Authors: Faggion Andrea 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAccording to Ronald Dworkin, political obligation is to be justified as an associative obligation through membership in certain political communities. In this regard, I first argue that the concept of an associative obligation cannot help us to account for precise moral obligations. Second, I analyze certain disanalogies between paradigmatic cases of associative obligation and political obligation in order to show the inability of the former to justify the enforcement of a comprehensive obligation such as the latter. Finally, I argue that Dworkin could not have provided a better argument: His theory of law makes him incapable of justifying political obligation.
Steroid‐responsive neutropenia in a cat with progressive feline leukemia virus infection
Authors: Stavroulaki Evangelia M. , Mylonakis Mathios E. , Papanikolaou Eleni , Hatzis Aristodimos , Xenoulis Panagiotis G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn 8‐month‐old female domestic shorthair cat was presented to the Animal Medical Center with anorexia, lethargy, and mild gastrointestinal signs. A CBC revealed a profound neutropenia, and serologic testing with an in‐house test kit (SNAP FIV/FeLV Combo, IDEXX) was positive for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) antigen. Serial hematologic examinations during hospitalization showed a persistent neutropenia with occasionally severe anemia and thrombocytopenia. Prednisolone administration afforded complete hematologic remission within 3 days. Four weeks after the premature discontinuation of prednisolone, the patient relapsed; however, complete and prolonged hematologic remission was achieved after prednisolone was re‐induced. Bone marrow aspiration cytology was consistent with immune‐mediated destruction of the mature myeloid cells. steroid‐responsive (likely immune‐mediated) cytopenias rarely occur in cats with progressive FeLV infection. Although only a few cases of FeLV‐positive, severely neutropenic cats that responded to immunosuppressive therapy have been reported, this case highlights that a grave prognosis should not always be given to these FeLV‐positive cats.
Exploring a New Management Option for Patients With Refractory Ascites: The PeriLeve Device
Authors: Jain Aseem , Scavo Laura , Cross Damian , Marra Steven P. , Nimgaonkar Ashish 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Cirrhosis of the liver is often accompanied by refractory ascites, a condition characterized by fluid buildup in the peritoneal cavity that does not respond to diuretics or recurs shortly after therapeutic paracentesis. There are several management strategies in practice including large-volume paracentesis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts, peritoneovenous shunting, and liver transplant. However, each of these options come with limitations such as high cost, poor efficacy, and increased risk of complications. This article explores a new management strategy with a novel biopowered shunt, the PeriLeve device, that moves fluid from the peritoneal cavity to the urinary bladder using natural changes in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). By doing so, PeriLeve shifts the current paradigm of care from the hospital to the home which reduces costs to healthcare providers and patients while improving quality of life. The basic design of the pump consists of two check (i.e., one-way) valves on either side of a fluid filled cavity which is separated from an air cavity by an elastomeric membrane. This article presents benchtop testing results of a prototype PeriLeve pump. The performance of the pump was analyzed along six parameters: change in intra-abdominal pressure, valve opening pressure, membrane thickness, membrane stiffness, membrane surface area, and air cavity volume. Initial results indicate that, with future optimizations, the pump can ultimately move a clinically significant volume of fluid.
Management of chronic headache with referral from primary care to direct access to MRI compared with Neurology services: an observational prospective study in London
Authors: Rua Tiago , Mazumder Asif , Akande Yvonne , Margariti Charikleia , Ochulor Juliana , Turville Joanna , Razavi Reza , Peacock Janet L , McCrone Paul , Goh Vicky , Shearer James , Afridi Shazia 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the cost, accessibility and patient satisfaction implications of two clinical pathways used in the management of chronic headache.InterventionManagement of chronic headache following referral from Primary Care that differed in the first appointment, either a Neurology appointment or an MRI brain scan.Design and settingA pragmatic, non-randomised, prospective, single-centre study at a Central Hospital in London.ParticipantsAdult patients with chronic headache referred from primary to secondary care.Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants’ use of healthcare services and costs were estimated using primary and secondary care databases and questionnaires quarterly up to 12 months postrecruitment. Cost analyses were compared using generalised linear models. Secondary outcomes assessed: access to care, patient satisfaction, headache burden and self-perceived quality of life using headache-specific (Migraine Disability Assessment Scale and Headache Impact Test) and a generic questionnaire (5-level EQ-5D).ResultsMean (SD) cost up to 6 months postrecruitment per participant was £578 (£420) for the Neurology group (n=128) and £245 (£172) for the MRI group (n=95), leading to an estimated mean cost difference of £333 (95% CI £253 to £413, p<0.001). The mean cost difference at 12 months increased to £518 (95% CI £401 to £637, p<0.001). When adjusted for baseline and follow-up imbalances between groups, this remained statistically significant. The utilisation of brain MRI improved access to care compared with the Neurology group (p<0.001). Participants in the Neurology group reported higher levels of satisfaction associated with the pathway and led to greater change in care management.ConclusionDirect referral to brain MRI from Primary Care led to cost-savings and quicker access to care but lower satisfaction levels when compared with referral to Neurology services. Further research into the use of brain MRI for a subset of patient population more likely to be reassured by a negative brain scan should be considered.Trial registration numberNCT02753933.
Effect of 12-week pulmonary rehabilitation on cognitive function in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: study protocol for a single-center randomised controlled trial
Authors: Duan Hongxia , Li Peijun , Wang Zhenwei , Chen Haixia , Wang Ting , Wu Weibing , Liu Xiaodan 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionCognitive impairment, an important complication in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), seriously affects self-management of the disease and quality of life (QoL). As an exercise-based intervention programme, pulmonary rehabilitation (PR)—especially aerobic exercise (mainly mind–body exercise) and resistance exercise (RE)—has been proposed for its potential effectiveness in improving cognitive function. However, there is still a lack of strong evidence for PR’s effectiveness. In this study, we expect to clarify the effects of pulmonary-based Qigong exercise and elastic band-based RE on cognitive function in patients with COPD and to fill in the relevant evidence blanks.Methods and analysisThis study is a single-centre randomised controlled trial with assessor and data analyst blinding. We will recruit 108 participants with stable COPD starting on 23 December 2019, and randomly allocate them into the pulmonary-based Qigong exercise group, elastic band-based RE group, pulmonary-based Qigong exercise and elastic band-based RE combined group, or control group at a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Participants in intervention groups will perform 30 min of exercise two times per day, 5 days a week, for 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be the global cognitive function as assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and auditory event-related potential P300. Secondary outcomes will include the specific cognitive domains—attention, memory, executive function, verbal fluency and mental-processing speed; psychological functions and QoL. Exploratory outcomes will include grey matter volume and levels of inflammatory mediators. Outcomes will be measured before and after the interventions.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been granted by the Ethics Committee of Yue-Yang Integrative Medicine Hospital, an affiliate of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China (Grant No. 2019-141). Written informed consent will be obtained from each participant before any procedures are performed. The findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at academic conferences.Trial registration numberChiCTR1900026869; pre-results.
Cohort protocol: Guangzhou High-Risk Infant Cohort study
Authors: Hu Pian , Han Azhu , Hu Yan , Wen Yuqi , Liang Jingjing , Xiao Wanqi , Lin Suifang , Song Yanyan , Tan Xuying , Zhao Xiaopeng , Dong Haipeng , Liu Qianyun , Zhang Huayan , Tao Li , Yuan Yuan 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionDespite the increase in the survival rate of high-risk infants (HRIs) worldwide, the prevalence of motor and neurodevelopmental sequelae in such newborns has not shown concomitant improvement. Meanwhile, there are few cohorts that explore factors related to the development of HRIs in China. Therefore, the Guangzhou High-Risk Infant Cohort (GHRIC) has been designed to examine the complex relationships among a myriad of factors influencing growth and development in such children.Methods and analysisThe GHRIC study is a prospective cohort study that by the year 2023 will enrol an estimated total of 3000 HRIs from Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center (GWCMC) in Guangzhou, China. This study is designed to assess the growth and cognitive characteristics of HRIs and the risk factors affecting their development and prognoses. Data on risk factors, neurodevelopmental and cognitive-function evaluations, laboratory results, and specimens will be collected and analysed. Information on perinatal and clinical interventions for these infants will also be recorded during regular follow-up visits until age 6.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol for this study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of GWCMC, which accepted responsibility for supervising all of the aspects of the study (No. 2017102712). Study outcomes will be disseminated through conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications, the Internet and social media.Trial registration numberChiCTR-EOC-17013236
Perspectives on life participation by young adults with chronic kidney disease: an interview study
Authors: Kerklaan Jasmijn , Hannan Elyssa , Hanson Camilla , Guha Chandana , Cho Yeoungjee , Christian Martin , Hamiwka Lorraine , Ryan Jessica , Sinha Aditi , Wong Germaine , Craig Jonathan , Groothoff Jaap , Tong Allison 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo describe the perspectives on life participation by young adults with childhood-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD).DesignSemi-structured interviews; thematic analysis.SettingMultiple centres across six countries (Australia, Canada, India, UK, USA and New Zealand).ParticipantsThirty young adults aged 18 to 35 years diagnosed with CKD during childhood.ResultsWe identified six themes: struggling with daily restrictions (debilitating symptoms and side effects, giving up valued activities, impossible to attend school and work, trapped in a medicalised life, overprotected by adults and cautious to avoid health risks); lagging and falling behind (delayed independence, failing to keep up with peers and socially inept); defeated and hopeless (incapacitated by worry, an uncertain and bleak future, unworthy of relationships and low self-esteem and shame); reorienting plans and goals (focussing on the day-to-day, planning parenthood and forward and flexible planning); immersing oneself in normal activities (refusing to miss out, finding enjoyment, determined to do what peers do and being present at social events); and striving to reach potential and seizing opportunities (encouragement from others, motivated by the illness, establishing new career goals and grateful for opportunities).ConclusionsYoung adults encounter lifestyle limitations and missed school and social opportunities as a consequence of developing CKD during childhood and as a consequence lack confidence and social skills, are uncertain of the future, and feel vulnerable. Some re-adjust their goals and become more determined to participate in ‘normal’ activities to avoid missing out. Strategies are needed to improve life participation in young adult ‘graduates’ of childhood CKD and thereby strengthen their mental and social well-being and enhance their overall health.