bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efek Fotodinamik Laser Dioda Merah Dengan Eksogen Metilen Biru Pada Biofilm Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Astuti Suryani Dyah 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakBiofilm adalah kumpulan mikroorganisme yang menempel pada suatu permukaan dengan membentuk matriks Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) sehingga bakteri mampu bertahan dari ancaman fisis, kimiawi, atau biologis. Biofilm bekerja dengan menolak aktivitas sistem imun dan menciptakan resistensi terhadap antibiotik yang menyebabkan biofilm resistan terhadap agen antimikroba seperti antibiotik, desinfektan, dan germisida. Permasalahan resistansi akibat biofilm membutuhkan penanganan yang lebih tepat, salah satunya dengan metode fotodinamik inaktivasi. Fotodinamik inaktivasi adalah metode penghambatan aktivitas metabolisme sel yang memanfaatkan interaksi antara cahaya dengan molekul fotosensitiser sehingga menyebabkan kematian sel bakteri. Metilen biru merupakan fotosensitiser eksogen yang dapat menghasilkan oksigen singlet apabila terkena oksigen dan cahaya menghasilkan ROS yang mereduksi biofilm. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dosis energi yang efektif untuk mereduksi biofilm Staphylococcus aureus dengan penambahan metilen biru sebagai fotosensitizer. Perlakuan dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, kelompok kontrol tanpa ada perlakuan apapun, kelompok kontrol positif dengan penambahan fotosensitiser metilen biru, perlakuan laser, dan perlakuan laser dengan penambahan metilen biru. Perlakuan laser memiliki variasi pemaparan sebesar 60 detik (10,96 J / cm2), 120 detik (21,92 J / cm2), 180 detik (32,88 J / cm2), 240 detik (43,84 J / cm2), dan 300 detik ( 54,80 J / cm2). Reduksi biofilm diukur menggunakan ELISA reader dan dianalisis dengan uji ANOVA faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fotoinaktivasi dengan metilen biru 5 μM selama 5 menit mampu mereduksi biofilm bakteri sebesar %. Treatmen dengan laser diode merah dengan rapat energi penyinaran 54,80 J/cm2 selama 5 menit menghasilkan reduksi biofilm sebesar 69,11% dan 92,01% untuk perlakuan laser diode merah dengan penambahan fotosensitiser metilen biru 5 μM. Sehingga kombinasi laser dengan fotosensitiser metilen biru optimal untuk mereduksi biofilm Staphylococcus aureus. Kata kunci—3-5 kata kunci, Algoritma A, algoritma B, kompleksitas
Resenha: Nosella, P. (2012). Origens da Pedagogia da Alternância no Brasil. Vitória: Edufes.
Authors: Müller Eucinéia Regina , Foerste Erineu 
Published: June 2020

A obra em questão é uma resenha do livro “Origens da Pedagogia da Alternância no Brasil”. É o resultado do estudo de Mestrado do professor Paolo Nosella realizado na Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, defendida em março de 1977. A pesquisa em questão trazia como título original “Uma nova educação para o meio rural: sistematização e problematização da experiência educacional das escolas da família agrícola do Movimento de Educação Promocional”, sob a orientação de Dermeval Saviani.
Некоторые аспекты формирования иммунного ответа у пациентов с COVID-19
Authors: Бугоркова Светлана 
Published: June 2020

Приведен анализ различных данных по вопросам формировании иммунного ответа у больных COVID-19. Показано, что в целом иммунный ответ при COVID-19 развивается преимущественно по клеточному типу. Гуморальный иммунный ответ, связанный с продукцией вируснейтрализующих антител обеспечивает защиту от инфекции в дальнейшем. Интересной является установленная перекрестная реактивность сывороток крови больных COVID-19 и SARS.
Рассмотрены вопросы популяционного иммунитета и длительности сохранения антител к SARS-Cov-2.
Pengembangan Irigasi Hemat Air untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Pertanian Lahan Kering Beriklim Kering
Authors: Sutrisno Nono , Heryani Nani 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong>Abstark</strong>. Lahan kering merupakan lahan yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan pertanian masih sangat luas. Diperlukan optimalisasi pertanian lahan kering agar dapat meningkatkan produksi pertanian menuju target jangka panjang menjadi lumbung pangan dunia. Kendala utama pada lahan kering beriklim kering adalah ketersediaan air yang terbatas, sehingga perlu optimalisasi penggunaan air dari sumber air yang tersedia, baik air permukaan (air sungai, embung/danau) maupun air tanah dalam, yaitu melalui irigasi hemat air. Irigasi hemat air dapat meningkatkan layaran irigasi, berarti dapat meningkatkan indeks pertanaman atau meningkatkan luas tanam sehingga produksi pertanian meningkat. Permasalahan irigasi hemat air dalam pengembangannya adalah dari sisi manajemen atau pengelolaannya, mulai dari pemeliharaan bangunan infrastruktur air dan sumber air sampai masalah pemanfaatan dan pendistribusian air. Teknologi irigasi hemat air yang diterapkan prinsipnya berdasarkan kebutuhan air minimum dalam tanah. Irigasi diberikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan minimum air tanaman yaitu lebih rendah dari kebutuhan yang biasa diberikan. Adanya masalah dalam pengembangan irigasi hemat air terkait sumber air yang melintasi wilayah berbeda memerlukan solusi yang tepat. Demikian juga dalam pemeliharaan bangunan infrastruktur air dan sumber air memerlukan perhatian bersama. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan atau membentuk kelembagaan petani baru yang mengurus pengelolaan air irigasi untuk mengatur penggunaan air irigasi, memelihara infrastruktur air dan memelihara sumber air serta mengurangi bahkan menghindari konflik perebutan penggunaan air pada saat air untuk tanaman diperlukan dan jumlah air terbatas dengan menerapkan <em>conflict management.</em></p>
Ragam Konteks Skala Dalam Perspektif Kajian Sumberdaya Lahan
Authors: Cahyana Destika , Barus Baba , Darmawan Darmawan , Mulyanto Budi , Sulaeman Yiyi 
Published: June 2020

<p class="Paragraf"><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Kini isu ‘skala’ menjadi penting kembali dibahas oleh komunitas sumberdaya lahan. Awalnya sumberdaya lahan terbatas dikaji oleh disiplin ilmu tanah, ilmu geografi, dan ilmu kartografi, tetapi sekarang berkembang dikaji oleh disiplin ilmu lingkungan, ilmu iklim, ilmu statistik, serta ilmu teknologi dan informasi. Kajian sumberdaya lahan yang awalnya untuk kepentingan ilmu pertanian kini menghadapi problem yang lebih luas seperti perubahan iklim, krisis energi, keanekaragaman hayati, keseimbangan ekosistem, hingga perkembangan kota. Pada era ini perjumpaan ilmu tanah dengan disiplin ilmu lain tidak dapat dihindarkan karena telah menjadi keniscayaan untuk melayani kepentingan umat manusia yang lebih luas. Berkaitan dengan itu istilah ‘skala’ yang digunakan pada disiplin ilmu tanah, ilmu geografi, dan ilmu kartografi seringkali membingungkan ketika berjumpa dengan istilah ‘skala’ pada kajian sumberdaya lahan kontemporer. Skala dapat dipahami dalam beragam konteks: 1) skala informasi pada peta, 2) skala level pada berbagai proses, dan 3) skala pada angka pengukuran. Tiga konteks skala tersebut belum termasuk skala pada dimensi lain yaitu skala waktu yang tidak akan dibahas pada artikel ini.</p><p class="Paragraf"> </p><p class="JSDLAbstrak"><strong>Abstract. </strong><em>At present the issue of 'scale' becomes important to be rediscussed by scientists in land resources community. Initially, land resources were </em><em>only </em><em>studied by the limited disciplines, such as soil science, geography, and cartography, but now it is studied by the disciplines of environmental science, climate science, statistics, and technology and information science.</em><em> </em><em> At the beginning, the study of land resources was to support agricultural science, but at the present the study is to addresss broader problems such as climate change, energy crises, biodiversity, ecosystem balance, and urban development. In this era, the encounter of soil science with other scientific disciplines is inevitable because it has become a necessity to serve the broader of humanity interest. Related to that issue, the term of 'scale' used in the disciplines of soil, geography and cartography is often confusing when meeting to other different disciplines. There are at least 3 different contexts that use the term 'scale' in contemporary land resource studies</em><em> i.e : </em><em>1) scale of information on maps, 2) scale of levels in various processes, and 3) scale of measurement numbers. The</em><em>se</em><em> three contexts of scale are not included scale of time </em><em>another dimensions </em><em>that will not be discussed in this article.</em></p>
Ameliorasi Berbasis Unsur Hara Silika di Lahan Rawa
Authors: Siregar Adha , Annisa Wahida 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>. Unsur hara Silika (Si) memiliki peranan penting pada pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman padi. Tanaman padi menyerap Si dalam jumlah yang besar yaitu sekitar 10 kali N, 20 kali P, 6 kali K dan 30 kali Ca. Budidaya padi di lahan rawa memiliki beberapa faktor pembatas yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produktivitas padi diantaranya keracunan unsur toksik seperti Fe dan Al. Kadar unsur toksik terutama Fe di lahan rawa menyebabkan tanah menjadi masam, sehingga banyak tanaman yang tidak dapat beradaptasi dengan kondisi tersebut. Kondisi ini dapat diatasi diantaranya dengan aplikasi Si, yang berperan menurunkan serapan Fe dan Al yang berada dalam kondisi toksik. Beberapa hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Si berpengaruh dalam menurunkan tingkat toksisitas Al dan Fe di tanah. Aplikasi Si sebagai amelioran mengurangi kandungan Fe pada permukaan akar padi serta menurunkan serapan Fe pada tanaman padi sawah melalui peningkatan kekuatan oksidasi akar. Lebih lanjut, aplikasi Si pada budidaya tanaman padi dapat meningkatkan hasil gabah sebesar 50,8%.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abtract.</strong> Silicon (Si) has an important role on rice crops growth and productivity. Rice crops absorbs enormous amount of Si as much as ten times of N, twenty times of P, six times of K and thirty times of Ca. Rice cultivation in swampland has several limiting factors such as Fe and Al toxicity. Fe toxicity could increase soil acidity in swampland. However, most plants could not adapt to this condition. Si application as soil ameliorant could be an option to overcome this problem. Si could reduce the toxicity level of Fe and Mn in soil. Previous research proved that Si could decrease Fe and Al toxicity. Si application as ameliorant could reduce Fe concentration in root zone which lead to decreasing Fe uptake through increasing oxidation capability of the root. Moreover, Si application could increase rice yield up to 50.8%.<em></em><sup>.</sup></p>
The Persistence of Child and Adolescence Mental Healthcare: Results from Registry Data
Authors: Dijk Hermien , Freriks Roel , Alessie Rob , Mierau Jochen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies on the persistence of child and adolescent mental healthcare do not consider the role of time-invariant individual characteristics. Estimating persistence of healthcare using standard linear models yields biased estimates due to unobserved heterogeneity and the autoregressive structure of the model. This study provides estimates of the persistence of child and adolescent mental healthcare taking these statistical issues into account. Methods: We use registry data of more than 80,000 Dutch children and adolescents between 2000 and 2012 from the Psychiatric Case Registry Northern Netherlands (PCR-NN). In order to account for autocorrelation due to the presence of a lagged dependent variable and to distinguish between persistence caused by time-invariant individual characteristics and a direct care effect we use difference GMM-IV estimation. In further analyses we assess the robustness of our results to policy reforms, different definitions of care and diagnosis decomposition. Results: All estimation results for the direct care effect (true state-dependence) show a positive coefficient smaller than unity with a main effect of 0.215 (p < 0.01), which indicates that the process is stable. Persistence of care is found to be 0.065 (p < 0.05) higher for females. Additionally, the majority of persistence of care appears to be associated with time-invariant characteristics. Further analyses indicate that (1) policy reforms only slightly affected persistence of care, (2) results are robust to different definitions of care and (3) persistence of care does not differ significantly across subgroups. Conclusions: The results indicate that the majority of mental healthcare persistence for children and adolescents is due to time-invariant individuals characteristics. Additionally, we find that in the absence of further shocks a sudden increase of 10 care contacts in the present year is associated with approximately 3 additional care contacts at some point in the future. This result provides essential information about the necessity of budget increases for future years in the case of exogenous increases in healthcare use.
The predictive value of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in the prognosis of acute coronary syndrome patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Quan Xiao-Qing , Wang Run-Chang , Zhang Qing , Zhang Cun-Tai , Sun Lei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The association between the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and prognosis in the patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is not fully understood. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between LMR and mortality or major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in patients with ACS.Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of science. The association between LMR and mortality/MACE was analyzed in patients with ACS. The search was updated to April 15, 2020. Results: A total of 5 studies comprising 4343 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that lower LMR predicted higher short-term mortality/MACE (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.46–8.14, P < 0.05) and long-term mortality/MACE (HR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.36– 2.13, P < 0.05). In the subgroup analysis, there was still statistical significance of long-term mortality/MACE in all subgroups.Conclusions: This study suggested that lower LMR value might be associated with higher short-term and long-term mortality/MACE in ACS patients. Especially for younger ACS patients, low LMR was more closely associated with poor prognosis.
The influence of dietary supplementation with the leucine metabolite β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the chemotaxis, phagocytosis and respiratory burst of peripheral blood granulocytes and monocytes in calves
Authors: Wójcik Roman , Małaczewska Joanna , Zwierzchowski Grzegorz , Miciński Jan , Kaczorek-Łukowska Edyta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit) and oxidative burst (BURSTTEST® kit) of monocytes and granulocytes in the peripheral blood of calves by flow cytometry.Results An analysis of granulocyte and monocyte chemotactic activity and phagocytic activity revealed significantly higher levels of phagocytic activity in calves administered HMB than in the control group, expressed in terms of the percentage of phagocytising cells and mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). HMB also had a positive effect on the oxidative metabolism of monocytes and granulocytes stimulated with PMA (4-phorbol-12-β-myristate-13-acetate) and Escherichia coli bacteria, expressed as MFI values and the percentage of oxidative metabolism.Conclusion HMB stimulates non-specific cell-mediated immunity, which is a very important consideration in newborn calves that are exposed to adverse environmental factors in the first weeks of their life. The supplementation of animal diets with HMB for both preventive and therapeutic purposes can also reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production.
Frequency of kdr mutations in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) gene in Aedes aegypti from Yogyakarta and implications for Wolbachia-infected mosquito trials
Authors: Wuliandari Juli R. , Hoffmann Ary A. , Tantowijoyo Warsito , Endersby-Harshman Nancy M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background : In the inner city of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, insecticide resistance is expected in the main dengue vector, Aedes aegypti , because of the intensive local application of pyrethroid insecticides. However, detailed information about the nature of resistance in this species is required to assist the release of Wolbachia mosquitoes in a dengue control program so that we can ensure that insecticide resistance in the strain of Ae. aegypti being released matches that of the background population. Methods: High-resolution melt genotyping was used to screen for kdr mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (V SSC ) gene in Ae. aegypti of some areas in the inner city of Yogyakarta. Results: The results show that the V1016G mutation predominated, with individuals homozygous for the 1016G allele at a frequency of 82.1% and the mutant allele G at a frequency of 92%. Two patterns of co-occurrence of mutations were detected in this study, homozygous individuals V1016G/S989P; and heterozygous individuals V1016G/F1534C/S989P. We found the simultaneous occurrence of kdr mutations V1016G and F1534C at all collection sites, but not within individual mosquitoes. Homozygous mutants at locus 1016 were homozygous wildtype at locus 1534 and vice versa, and heterozygous V1016G were also heterozygous for F1534C. The most common tri-locus genotype co-occurrences were homozygous mutant 1016GG and homozygous wild-type FF1534, combined with homozygous mutant 989PP (GG/FF/PP) at a frequency of 38.28%. Conclusions: Given the relatively small differences in frequency of resistance alleles across the city area, locality variations in resistance should have minor implications for the success of Wolbachia mosquito trials being undertaken in the Yogyakarta area.
Echography analysis of musculoskeletal, heart and liver alterations associated with endothelial dysfunction in obese rats
Authors: Coria Alejandra Martínez , Estrada-Cruz Norma Angélica , Ordoñez María Inés Pérez , Montes-Cortes Daniel H. , Manuel-Apolinar Leticia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Modern imaging plays a central role in the care of obese patients, and there is an integral focus on its use and accessibility in individuals who have alterations of various in various organs. The objective in this study was to perform an echographic analysis of musculoskeletal system disorders, endothelial dysfunction and the left ventricle (LV) in obese rats . Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (250±5g) were obtained and divided into two groups: the control (C) group was fed with a standard diet, and the obese (Ob) group was fed hyper caloric diet with a high fructose-fat content for 4 months. Body weight, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) were measured. Additionally, two-dimensional echocardiography, abdominal ultrasound and musculoskeletal system studies were performed in the lower extremities. Results: The body weight in the Ob group was increased compared to that in the control group, (p<0.001); in addition, increased glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations (p<0.05) as well as increased levels of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and, VCAM-1 (p<0.01) were found in the Ob group vs the C group. On ultrasound, 75% of the Ob group presented fatty liver and distal joint abnormalities. Conclusion: Obese rats exhibit endothelial dysfunction and musculoskeletal changes, also, fatty liver and articular cysts in the posterior region of the distal lower- extremity joints.
Prospective Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adults with Alström Syndrome: Silent Progression of Diffuse Interstitial Fibrosis.
Authors: Baig Shanat , Dowd Rory , Edwards Nicola C , Hodson James , Fabritz Larissa , Vijapurapu Ravi , Liu Boyang , Geberhiwot Tarekegn , Steeds Richard P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Alström syndrome (ALMS) is a rare ciliopathy characterised by early onset insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidaemia and is a model for diseases that have huge social, health and economic impact. Cardiomyopathy develops in the majority, with high rates of morbidity and mortality, the definitive features of which are coarse replacement fibrosis and diffuse myocardial fibrosis (DIF). The pathogenesis of heart failure is thought to involve fibroblast accumulation and expansion of the extracellular matrix with excess protein deposition, leading to distorted organ architecture and impaired contractile function. Consecutive adults with genetically proven ALMS attending the National Centre for Rare Disease in Birmingham, England were studied. All patients underwent serial CMR, echocardiography and venous blood sampling, with computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) performed to assess severity of CAD. The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate changes over time in DIF by cardiovascular magnetic resonance tissue characterization in ALMS; 2) to examine whether changes in DIF are associated with alteration in systolic or diastolic function; and 3) to evaluate the frequency and severity of coronary artery disease as a confounder for progression of ischaemic versus non-ischaemic fibrosis. Results In total, 30/32 adults (63% male; 67% White British) participated. The median age at first scan was 21.3 years (interquartile range: 19.0-32.6) and participants were followed for a maximum of 67 months. Only 4 patients had significant coronary artery stenosis on post-mortem, invasive coronary angiography or CTCA. Mid short axis myocardial T1 times, myocardial extracellular volume, and left ventricular mass increased significantly over time, by an average of 21.8ms (95% CI 17.4 – 26.1; p<0.001), 1.1 percentage points (0.6 – 1.6, p<0.001), and 2.8 g/m2 (1.9 – 3.7; p<0.001) per year, respectively. These changes were not associated with significant deterioration in myocardial structure or function.Conclusions This is the first comprehensive prospective study demonstrating progression of DIF in ALMS over time, although no structural or functional consequences were noted within a median three and a half years’ follow up. Further study is warranted to define whether DIF is a by-stander or the driver to impaired contractile function, heart failure and death.
Betalain exerts a protective effect against glaucoma is majorly through the association of inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Wang Jiadi , Zhang Dandan , Cao Conghong , Yao Jing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present research aimed at evaluating the protective role of betalain on the in vitro glaucoma model using PC12 neuronal cells. The cultured neuronal cells in a customized pressurized chamber were analyzed for the onset of glutathione, myeloperoxidase (MPO), cathepsin, expression of inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase (COX-1), lipooxygenase (5- LOX), sPLA2 caveolin-1, glaucoma markers and other inflammatory cytokines in the presence and absence of betalain. The results have shown that a significant increase in the expression of oxidative stress with increased activity of cathepsin B and D. On the other hand, the activity of inflammatory enzymes such as COX-1, 5- LOX, sPLA2 were significantly increased in pressure exposed cells. In addition, glaucoma simulated cells demonstrated a significant increase in the VEGF, TGF-β, BDGF, and neuroserpin compared to control. Moreover, cells predisposed to hydrostatic pressure demonstrated an increase in (p<0.01) inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, CXCR4, IL-17, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels. However, cells pre-treated with betalain improved the glutathione levels with attenuated MPO activity. Simultaneously, the levels of inflammatory cytokines and other glaucoma marker genes found restored in drug pre-treated cells. Thus, the results of the present study demonstrate that the use of betalain on ocular cells can prevent the progression of the disease that can be a suggestive therapeutic for controlling glaucoma like conditions.