bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of active smoking on outcomes in HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Xiao Roy , Pham Yvonne , Ward Matthew C. , Houston Narcissa , Reddy Chandana A. , Joshi Nikhil P. , Greskovich John F. , Woody Neil M. , Chute Deborah J. , Lamarre Eric D. , Prendes Brandon L. , Lorenz Robert R. , Scharpf Joseph , Burkey Brian B. , Geiger Jessica L. , Adelstein David J. , Koyfman Shlomo A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe role of smoking among patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is unclear.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of patients with HPV(+) OPSCC from 2001 to 2015 at a tertiary‐care institution was conducted. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS).ResultsAmong 484 included patients, 94 (19.4%) were active smokers, 226 (46.7%) were former smokers, and 164 (33.9%) never smoked. Among active smokers, 82 patients (87.2%) had a ≥10 pack‐year and 69 (73.4%) had a ≥20 pack‐year smoking history. After adjusting for covariates, active smoking was a significant predictor of inferior OS (HR 2.28, P < .001) and PFS (HR 2.26, P < .001). When including pack‐years as the covariate, ≥20 pack‐years predicted a decreased effect‐size for inferior OS and PFS.ConclusionsFor patients with HPV(+) OPSCC, active smoking at diagnosis is the most powerful covariate capturing smoking history to predict OS and PFS.
The effects of placental long noncoding RNA H19 polymorphisms and promoter methylation on H19 expression in association with preeclampsia susceptibility
Authors: Harati‐Sadegh Mahdiyeh , Kohan Leila , Teimoori Batool , Mehrabani Mehrnaz , Salimi Saeedeh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effect of DNA methylation on gene expression triggered it as a susceptibility factor in various diseases including preeclampsia (PE). The pathogenesis of PE is closely associated with the methylation status and genetic variants of relevant genes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the possible impacts of the placental DNA methylation and rs3741219, rs217727, and rs2107425 polymorphisms of the H19 gene on the PE susceptibility as well as the its mRNA expression. Moreover, eight haplotypes of three loci in the H19 gene were analyzed. In this case‐control study, the placentas of 107 preeclamptic and 113 non‐preeclamptic women were collected after delivery. The methylation status was assessed by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The H19 polymorphisms were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism or amplification refractory mutation system‐polymerase chain reaction methods. The quantitative real time PCR was used for mRNA expression assay. The placental H19 rs3741219 and rs2107425 polymorphisms were not associated with PE. However, H19 rs217727CT and TT genotypes might be associated with a 9.2‐ and 17.7‐fold increased risk of PE, respectively. The Trs3741219 Crs217727 Crs2107425 and Trs3741219 Crs217727 Trs2107425 haplotypes were significantly lower, whereas the Trs3741219 Trs217727 Crs2107425 and Crs3741219 Trs217727 Crs2107425 haplotypes were significantly higher in PE women. Promoter but not upstream region hypermethylation of H19 gene could be led to decreased risk of PE (MM vs. UM + UU). No significant difference was observed in the placental mRNA expression between two groups. The H19 expression was significantly higher in women with unmethylated (UU), compared to methylated promoter (MM). The H19 expression was 17‐ and 15‐fold higher in H19‐rs2107425 CC and CT genotypes in PE women. In conclusion, the H19 rs2107425 polymorphism was associated with a higher risk of PE and increased H19 mRNA expression. The promoter hypermethylation of H19 gene was associated with a lower risk of PE and decreased H19 mRNA expression.
A prognostic model for hepatitis B acute‐on‐chronic liver failure patients treated using a plasma exchange‐centered liver support system
Authors: Xie Zhongyang , Violetta Laurencia , Chen Ermei , Huang Kaizhou , Wu Daxian , Xu Xiaowei , Ouyang Xiaoxi , Zhao Yalei , Li Lanjuan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo determine the prognostic risk factors of patients with hepatitis B virus related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (HBV‐ACLF) treated with plasma exchange (PE)‐based artificial liver support system (ALSS), and create a prognostic predictive model.MethodsA total of 304 HBV‐ACLF patients who received PE‐based ALSS were retrospectively analyzed. Potential prognostic factors on admission associated with survival were investigated. Of note, 101 additional patients were analyzed to validate the performance of the prognostic models.ResultsAccording to 28‐day survival, a total of 207 patients who survived and 97 non‐survivors were identified in the derivation group. Overall, 268 (88.2%) ACLF cases were caused by reactivation of HBV. Cox proportional hazards regression model revealed that age, total bilirubin, ln (alpha‐fetoprotein [AFP]), encephalopathy (HE) score, sodium level, and international normalized ratio (INR) were independent risk factors of short‐term prognosis. We built a model named ALSS‐prognosis model (APM) to predict the 28‐day survival of HBV‐ACLF patients with ALSS; the model APM showed potentially better predictive performance for both the derivation and validation groups than MELD, MELD‐Na, and CLIF‐C ACLF score.ConclusionsLow AFP was found to be an independent risk factor for high mortality in HBV‐ACLF patients treated with PE‐based ALSS. We generated a new model containing AFP, namely APM, which showed potentially better prediction performance than MELD, MELD‐Na, and CLIF‐C ACLF score for short‐term outcomes, and could aid physicians in making optimal therapeutic decisions.
A review: applications of ion transport in micro‐nanofluidic systems based on ion concentration polarization
Authors: Han Wenbo , Chen Xueye 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLab‐on‐a‐chip has been used widely in rapid, high‐throughput and low‐consumption analysis of samples in biochemistry. The ion concentration polarization (ICP) produced by ion‐selective transport of nanochannels provides a novel solution for problems in ultra‐low concentration sample detection, systems biology and desalination. This paper reviews the applications of ion transport based on the principle of ICP in micro‐nanofluidic systems. First, the fundamental governing equations of ICP are described. Then, the applications of nano‐electrokinetic ion enrichment and ion current rectification (ICR) are introduced. Nano‐electrokinetic ion enrichment is used mainly in the fields of molecular enrichment, ultra‐low concentration sample detection and seawater desalination. ICR is applied mainly to the sensitive detection of analytical substances such as proteins, nucleic acids and small molecules. The application of ion transport based on ICP principle is summarized and the possible directions worthy of further research are proposed. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Accessory glands of male reproductive system in Pseudochorthippus parallelus parallelus (Zetterstedt, 1821) (Orthoptera: Acrididae): A light and electron microscopic study
Authors: Polat Irmak , Amutkan Mutlu Damla , Suludere Zekiye 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe accessory glands of male reproductive system in insects play a significant role in the reproduction process by protecting sperm in spermatheca, preventing female to accept other males after mating and stimulating oviposition. The number, structure, and arrangement of the tubules of accessory glands can change from species to species. In this study, the accessory glands belonging the male reproductive system in Pseudochorthippus parallelus parallelus (Zetterstedt, 1821) (Orthoptera, Acrididae) were examined with stereomicroscope, light microscope, scanning (SEM), and transmission (TEM) electron microscopes at Gazi University, Faculty of Science in 2017–2019. P. parallelus parallelus is a widespread species that is located at the extending areas from Italy to the Northern Europe and also in Turkey. The accessory glands of P. parallelus parallelus’ male reproductive system are composed of about 10 tubules. The tubules can be classified into two groups according to the thickness of their muscle tissues. Both groups have single layered epithelial cells with mitochondria, well‐developed endoplasmic reticulum, spherical nucleus with electron dense chromatin, secretory vesicles and multivesicular bodies in their cytoplasm. In addition, apocrine type secretion is seen in epithelial cells.
Genetic testing preferences and intentions in patients with clinically diagnosed familial hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Wand Hannah , Sturm Amy C. , Erby Lori , Kindt Iris , Klein William M.P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common Mendelian disorder characterized by elevated LDL cholesterol levels, which if untreated can cause premature heart disease. Less than 10% of cases in the United States are diagnosed. This study investigates decision‐making factors associated with intentions to have FH genetic testing among patients clinically diagnosed with FH.MethodsFifty‐three clinically diagnosed adults with FH and no genetic testing were recruited through the FH Foundation and lipid clinics. Participants completed a survey containing items capturing various reasons to engage in genetic testing.ResultsExploratory factor analysis of survey items identified three factors: (a) aversion to FH genetic information, (b) curiosity regarding medical/family history, (c) and psychological reassurance. Psychological reassurance was, in turn, the only significant predictor of genetic testing intentions. The positive effect of reassurance on genetic testing intention was moderated by aversion such that individuals who were low in reassurance were more inclined to decline testing if aversion was high.ConclusionFindings suggest that clinically diagnosed patients’ decisions about FH genetic testing are driven principally by psychological reassurance, particularly when low in aversion to FH genetic information.
Transaldolase haploinsufficiency in subjects with acetaminophen‐induced liver failure
Authors: Oaks Zachary , Jimah John , Grossman Craig C. , Beckford Miguel , Kelly Ryan , Banerjee Sanjay , Niland Brian , Miklossy Gabriella , Kuloglu Zarife , Kansu Aydan , Lee William , Szonyi Laszlo , Banki Katalin , Perl Andras 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTransaldolase (TAL) is an enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) that generates NADPH for protection against oxidative stress. While deficiency of other PPP enzymes, such as transketolase (TKT), are incompatible with mammalian cell survival, mice lacking TAL are viable and develop progressive liver disease attributed to oxidative stress. Mice with homozygous or heterozygous TAL deficiency are predisposed to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and acetaminophen (APAP)‐induced liver failure. Both mice and humans with complete TAL deficiency accumulate sedoheptulose 7‐phosphate (S7P). Previous human studies relied on screening patients with S7P accumulation, thus excluding potentially pathogenic haploinsufficiency. Of note, mice with TAL haploinsufficiency are also predisposed to HCC and APAP‐induced liver failure which are preventable with oral N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) administration. Based on TALDO1 DNA sequencing, we detected functional TAL deficiency due to novel, heterozygous variations in two of 94 healthy adults and four of 27 subjects with APAP‐induced liver failure (P = .022). The functional consequences of these variations were individually validated by site‐directed mutagenesis of normal cDNA and loss of activity by recombinant enzyme. All four patients with TAL haplo‐insufficiency with APAP‐induced liver failure were successfully treated with NAC. We also document two novel variations in two of 15 children with previously unexplained liver cirrhosis. Examination of the National Center for Biotechnology Information databases revealed 274 coding region variations have been documented in 1125 TALDO1 sequences relative to 25 variations in 2870 TKT sequences (P < .0001). These findings suggest an unexpected prevalence and variety of genetic changes in human TALDO1 with relevance for liver injury that may be preventable by treatment with NAC.
Respiratory viruses in individuals with a high frequency of animal exposure in southern and highland Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Tu Thi Kha , Ngo Tue Tri , Tran Phuc My , Pham Tam Thi Thanh , Vu Hang Thi Ty , Nguyen Ny Thi Han , Thwaites Guy , Virtala Anna‐Maija K. , Vapalahti Olli , Baker Stephen , Le Van Tan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractActive surveillance for zoonotic respiratory viruses is essential to inform the development of appropriate interventions and outbreak responses. Here we target individuals with a high frequency of animal exposure in Vietnam. Three‐year community‐based surveillance was conducted in Vietnam during 2013‐2016. We enrolled a total of 581 individuals (animal‐raising farmers, slaughterers, animal‐health workers, and rat traders), and utilized reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction to detect 15 common respiratory viruses in pooled nasal‐throat swabs collected at baseline or acute respiratory disease episodes. A respiratory virus was detected in 7.9% (58 of 732) of baseline samples, and 17.7% (136 of 770) of disease episode samples (P < .001), with enteroviruses (EVs), rhinoviruses and influenza A virus being the predominant viruses detected. There were temporal and spatial fluctuations in the frequencies of the detected viruses over the study period, for example, EVs and influenza A viruses were more often detected during rainy seasons. We reported the detection of common respiratory viruses in individuals with a high frequency of animal exposure in Vietnam, an emerging infectious disease hotspot. The results show the value of baseline/control sampling in delineating the causative relationships and have revealed important insights into the ecological aspects of EVs, rhinoviruses and influenza A and their contributions to the burden posed by respiratory infections in Vietnam.
Platelet activation during chronic hepatitis B infection exacerbates liver inflammation and promotes fibrosis
Authors: Jiang Qirong , Mao Richeng , Wu Jingwen , Chang Lin , Zhu Haoxiang , Zhang Ge , Ding Zhongren , Zhang Jiming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecurrent hepatitis activity during chronic hepatitis B virus infection results in fibrosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. It is still unclear what causes acute exacerbation. As platelets have recently been identified as a significant role in inflammation, we here investigated the role of platelets in mediating liver damage in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Platelet aggregation testing and flow cytometry were carried out to evaluate platelet activation status in 121 patients chronically infected with hepatitis B across different phases of the condition. The correlation between platelet aggregation rate and liver inflammation or liver fibrosis index was evaluated. To investigate the genesis of platelet activation, several serum cytokines were also assessed by MILLIPLEX microsphere‐based multiplex cytokine assay. Active hepatitis patients showed a higher aggregation rate than others. Levels of CD62p, a marker of platelet activation, were also increased in this group of patients. Positive correlations between platelet aggregation rate and liver inflammation or liver fibrosis were also noted, indicating a significant role of platelet in the progression of liver disease. The level of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, which is known to trigger platelet activation, was markedly higher in the active hepatitis group (P < .005). Based on the findings in our study, platelet activation plays a vital role in the progression of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Antiplatelet therapy may provide a new means of hepatitis B infection treatment.
Phycocyanin Ameliorates Radiation‐Induced Acute Intestinal Toxicity by Regulating the Effect of the Gut Microbiota on the TLR4/Myd88/NF‐κB Pathway
Authors: Lu Lina , Li Wenjun , Sun Chao , Kang Shuhe , Li Jia , Luo Xingping , Su Qiong , Liu Bin , Qin Song 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadiation‐induced gastrointestinal syndrome, including nausea, diarrhea, and dehydration, contributes to morbidity and mortality after medical or industrial radiation exposure, which seriously affects patient quality of life after treatment. No safe and effective radiation countermeasure has been approved for clinical therapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of phycocyanin (PC) against radiation‐induced acute intestinal injury.Materials and MethodsC57BL/6 mice were orally administered 50 mg/kg PC once per day for 1 month before exposure to total‐abdominal x‐ray irradiation at a single dose of 12 Gy. The effects of PC on intestinal histopathology and integrity, gut microbiota, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), inflammatory cytokines, and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88)/nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) signaling were evaluated.ResultsSevere histopathological damage, such as intestinal mucosal epithelial cell apoptosis, necrosis, and nuclear rupture, was most clearly observed 24 hours after total‐abdominal x‐ray irradiation. Intestinal integrity was damaged by irradiation, which manifested in reduced levels of the tight‐junction proteins Claudin‐1, Occludin, and zonula occludens‐1(ZO‐1). PC pretreatment significantly ameliorated radiation‐induced intestinal injury. PC also modulated the gut microbiota composition, increasing the proportion of beneficial bacteria and decreasing that of harmful bacteria, which in turn lowered LPS levels and suppressed TLR4/Myd88/NF‐κB pathway activation. Finally, levels of corresponding inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin‐6, were also downregulated.ConclusionPC protects against mouse intestinal injury from high‐dose radiation by regulating the effect of the gut microbiota on the TLR4/Myd88/NF‐κB pathway, suggesting PC as a promising natural radiation countermeasure.
Root colonization by heavy metal resistant Enterobacter and its influence on metal induced oxidative stress on Cajanus cajan
Authors: Sharma Rakesh K , Barot Kavita , Archana Gayatri 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeavy metal resistant bacterium Enterobacter sp. C1D was evaluated for cadmium (Cd) mediated exopolysaccharide production, biofilm formation and legume root colonization ability under Cd stress to alleviate metal induced stress.RESULTSThe plant was sensitive to Cd (IC50 3–4 μg mL−1), whereas the bacterium showed high Cd tolerance (MIC99 120 μg mL−1). Confocal laser scanning microscopy of the Cajanus cajan roots showed heavy loads of green fluorescence protein labelled Enterobacter sp. C1D on the surface of plant root, specifically at the point of root hair/lateral root formation along with cortex, even under metal stress. The root colonizing ability of Enterobacter sp. C1D was not affected by the presence of Rhizobium and the bacteria could be observed after 30 days of incubation in soil. Various plant growth parameters, antioxidant metabolites and oxidative stress indicator were significantly influenced by bacterial treatment, which, overall, reduced the adverse effect of Cd.CONCLUSIONHeavy metal tolerant bacteria may be a good choice for the development of biofertilizers and may work well with the native soil microbes such as Rhizobium under the metal polluted soil. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparative laboratory efficacy of novel botanical extracts againstTribolium castaneum
Authors: Mangang Irengbam Barun , Tiwari Abhinav , Rajamani Meenatchi , Manickam Loganathan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDCitrus sinensis,Allium sativum,Ocimum basilicum,Mentha spicata,Curcuma longa,Carica papaya,Andrographis paniculata,Azadirachta indica,Cymbopogon citratusandAcorus calamuswere compared in the form of extracts of chloroform, hexane and aqueous media for their effectiveness in repellingTribolium castaneum. Filter paper of 9 cm in diameter was cut into halves. Using a micro‐pipette, each extract was applied to one half of the filter paper. The volume applied was kept constant at 0.6 mL per 30 cm2. The filter paper was dried and reattached leaving a 0.5 cm gap between, in a Petri‐plate. Ten adults ofT. castaneumwere introduced and the repellency was observed after 30, 60 and 180 min.RESULTSThe aqueous extract ofC. papayaexhibited the highest repellency (82–97%) followed by that of garlic bulbs (aqueous extract) with 86.67% repellency. Further, gunny bags were sprayed separately using bottle sprayers with the two most effective extracts at a constant volume of 42 mL per 575 cm2. These treated gunny bags were compared with malathion‐treated gunny bags in the insect management unit. The observations were taken after 2, 8 and 24 h. Papaya leaf extract‐treated gunny bags showed relative repellent activity similar to that of malathion‐treated gunny bags after 24 h of treatment. Thus, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of aqueous extract of papaya leaves was performed.CONCLUSIONSIt can be concluded that extract of papaya leaves containing 2‐methoxy‐4‐vinylphenol (8.47% peak area) can be used as a repellent biopesticide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Agrometeorological models to forecast açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) yield in the Eastern Amazon
Authors: da Silva Cabral de Moraes José Reinaldo , Souza Rolim Glauco de , Martorano Lucieta Guerreiro , de Oliveira Aparecido Lucas Eduardo , Padilha de Oliveira Maria do Socorro , de Farias Neto João Tome 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe increasing demand in Brazil and the world for products derived from the açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea Mart) has generated changes in its production process, principally due to the necessity of maintaining yield in situations of seasonality and climate fluctuation. The objective of this study was to estimate açaí fruit yield in irrigated system (IRRS) and rainfed system or unirrigated (RAINF) using agrometeorological models in response to climate conditions in the eastern Amazon. Modeling was done using multiple linear regression using the ‘stepwise forward’ method of variable selection. Monthly air temperature (T) values, solar radiation (SR), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), precipitation + irrigation (P + I), and potential evapotranspiration (PET) in six phenological phases were correlated with yield. The thermal necessity value was calculated through the sum of accumulated degree days (ADD) up to the formation of fruit bunch, as well as the time necessary for initial leaf development, using a base temperature of 10 °C.RESULTSThe most important meteorological variables were T, SR, and VPD for IRRS, and for RAINF water stress had the greatest effect. The accuracy of the agrometeorological models, using maximum values for mean absolute percent error (MAPE), was 0.01 in the IRRS and 1.12 in the RAINF.CONCLUSIONUsing these models yield was predicted approximately 6 to 9 months before the harvest, in April, May, November, and December in the IRRS, and January, May, June, August, September, and November for the RAINF. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry