bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Action‐Based Cognitive Remediation on cognitive impairment in patients with remitted bipolar disorder: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ott Caroline V. , Vinberg Maj , Kessing Lars V. , Bowie Christopher R. , Forman Julie L. , Miskowiak Kamilla W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesCognitive impairment affects many patients with bipolar disorder (BD), and treatments with replicated pro‐cognitive effects are lacking. This study aimed to assess the effect of Action‐Based Cognitive Remediation (ABCR) vs control treatment on cognitive impairment in patients with BD.MethodsPatients with remitted BD with objective cognitive impairment were randomized to 10 weeks of ABCR vs control treatment, and assessed at baseline, after 2 weeks of treatment, at treatment completion and at 6 months follow‐up. The primary outcome was a cognitive composite score. Secondary outcomes were executive function and observer‐rated functional capacity. Tertiary measures included additional neuropsychological tests, performance‐based functional capacity and quality of life. Data were analysed with linear mixed effects models.ResultsIn total, 64 participants were randomized; given three dropouts before the baseline assessments, data were analysed for 61 participants (ABCR: n = 32, control: n = 29). There was no effect on ABCR vs control on the primary cognitive composite score (P‐values ≥.60). At treatment completion, there was a large effect of ABCR vs control on the secondary executive function measure (treatment effect= −0.16, 95% CI [−0.27, −0.05], P ≤ .01, d = 0.65), and on subjective cognitive functioning (treatment effect = −5.38, 95% CI [−8.13, −2.67], P ≤ .001, d = 0.80), which disappeared at follow‐up. There was no treatment‐effect on functioning, and no association between cognitive and functional change.ConclusionsThere was no effect of ABCR on the cognitive composite score. However, there was an effect on executive function and subjective cognitive functioning suggesting that ABCR may be relevant for patients with executive dysfunction.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03295305.
Nudging for others’ sake: An ethical analysis of the legitimacy of nudging healthcare workers to accept influenza immunization
Authors: van den Hoven Mariette 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA core idea underlying nudging is that it helps individuals to achieve their own goals, yet many nudges actually aim at collective goals or specifically target the benefit of others. An example is nudging healthcare workers to be vaccinated against influenza. I distinguish between self‐regarding nudges, which primarily benefit the nudgee, and other‐regarding nudges, which mainly benefit others, and argue that the default justificatory reason to legitimize self‐regarding nudges, namely the ‘as judged by themselves’ standard, does not apply and that we need to look for other justifications. I examine several possible moral justifications to support strong other‐regarding nudges, namely beneficence, the harm principle and solidarity.
Overexpression of the ubiquitin‐editing enzyme A20 in the brain lesions of Multiple Sclerosis patients: moving from systemic to central nervous system inflammation
Authors: Perga Simona , Montarolo Francesca , Martire Serena , Bonaldo Brigitta , Bono Gabriele , Bertolo Jessica , Magliozzi Roberta , Bertolotto Antonio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMultiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in which inflammation plays a key pathological role. Recent evidences showed that systemic inflammation induces increasing cell infiltration within meninges and perivascular spaces in the brain parenchyma, triggering resident microglial and astrocytic activation. The anti‐inflammatory enzyme A20, also named TNF associated protein 3 (TNFAIP3), is considered a central gatekeeper in inflammation and peripheral immune system regulation through the inhibition of NF‐kB. The TNFAIP3 locus is genetically associated to MS and its transcripts is downregulated in blood cells in treatment‐naïve MS patients. Recently, several evidences in mouse models have led to hypothesize a function of A20 also in the CNS. Thus, here we aimed to unveil a possible contribution of A20 to the CNS human MS pathology. By immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence and biomolecular techniques on post‐mortem brain tissue blocks obtained from control cases (CC) and progressive MS cases, we demonstrated that A20 is present in CC brain tissues in both white matter (WM) regions, mainly in few parenchymal astrocytes, and in grey matter (GM) areas, in some neuronal populations. Conversely, in MS brain tissues, we observed increased expression of A20 by perivascular infiltrating macrophages, resident‐activated astrocytes, and microglia in all the active and chronic active WM lesions. A20 was highly expressed also in the majority of active cortical lesions compared to the neighboring areas of normal‐appearing grey matter (NAGM) and control GM, particularly by activated astrocytes. We demonstrated increased A20 expression in the active MS plaques, particularly in macrophages and resident astrocytes, suggesting a key role of this molecule in chronic inflammation.
Examining the public's awareness of bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidae: Anthophila) conservation in Canada
Authors: van Vierssen Trip Nyssa , MacPhail Victoria J. , Colla Sheila R. , Olivastri Beatrice 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the general public's knowledge and perceptions of an issue can help drive action on the part of decision‐makers. Such understanding is critical when decision‐makers are faced with multiple stakeholders, which is the case with biodiversity conservation issues. We surveyed the Canadian general public using a telephone questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge and perceptions of native wild bee (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) health and conservation. We found that the general level of bee knowledge among participants was low. Half of participants named the non‐native managed European honeybee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus 1758) as a wild bee, native to Canada. Over two‐thirds of participants stated the provisioning of ecosystem services (ES) is the most important reason to conserve bees. Half of participants thought the Canadian federal and provincial government should be principally responsible for bee conservation. One‐third of participants perceived no personal barriers to bee conservation and nearly one‐quarter stated they did not know how to help bee conservation efforts. Our results highlight that scientific researchers can play an important role in outreach and education and environmental non‐governmental organizations (ENGOs) can take an active lobbying role at the provincial and federal levels with respect to bee conservation.
An artful contribution to our planetary concerns
Authors: Losch Andreas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdam Pryor's fresh understanding of the imago Dei as a refraction of the Divine is much needed in an age of science and climate change. Well informed by astrobiological insights, his approach presents what I would call a deep reconceptualization of the imago Dei as a planetary phenomenon. The human planetary phenomenon, however, currently faces its own limitations. This is an ethical reality, which is touched upon by Pryor, but could have been expressed more clearly and deliberately. The review attempts to develop some of Pryor's thoughts in dialoue with Hans Jonas, and with my own thoughts on “planetary sustainability.”
Clinical and radiological profile of patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 4
Authors: Souza P. V. S. , Pinto W. B. V. R. , Ricarte A. , Badia B. M. L. , Seneor D. D. , Teixeira D. T. , Caetano L. , Gonçalves E. A. , Chieia M. A. T. , Farias I. B. , Bertini E. , Oliveira A. S. B. 
Published: October 2020

Background and purposeSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the most important cause of motor neuron disease in childhood, and continues to represent the leading genetic cause of infant death. Adulthood‐onset SMA (SMA type 4) is rare, with few isolated cases reported. The objective of the present study was to describe a cohort of patients with SMA type 4.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted to characterize clinical, genetic, radiological and neurophysiological features of patients with adulthood‐onset SMA. Correlation analysis of functional assessment with genetic, radiological and neurophysiological data was performed.ResultsTwenty patients with SMA type 4 were identified in a Brazilian cohort of 227 patients with SMA. The most common clinical symptom was limb‐girdle muscle weakness, observed in 15 patients (75%). The most frequent neurological findings were absent tendon reflexes in 18 (90%) and fasciculations in nine patients (45%). Sixteen patients (80%) had the homozygous deletion of exon 7 in the SMN1 gene, with 12 patients (60%) showing four copies of the SMN2 gene. The functional scales Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale Revised, Revised Upper Limb Module and Spinal Muscular Atrophy Functional Rating Scale, as well as the six‐minute walk and the Time Up and Go tests showed a correlation with duration of disease. Motor Unit Number Index was correlated both with duration of disease and with performance in functional assessment. Radiological studies exhibited a typical pattern, with involvement of biceps femoris short head and gluteus minimus in all patients.ConclusionThis study represents the largest cohort of patients with SMA type 4 and provides functional, genetic, radiological and neurophysiological features that can be used as potential biomarkers for the new specific genetic therapies for SMA.
Effectiveness of osteoporosis medication on site‐specific fracture‐risk attenuation among adults with epilepsy
Authors: Whitney Daniel G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this propensity score‐matched, observational cohort study was to determine the effectiveness of osteoporosis medication on reducing the risk of non‐trauma fracture (NTFx) among adults with epilepsy.MethodsData from 01/01/2012 to 09/30/2015 was extracted from Optum Clinformatics Data Mart. NTFx risk attenuation from 12 months prior to 12 months after the individual's index date was examined for each group of adults ≥50 years of age as risk ratios (RRs with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]). Groups were stratified based on: (1) epilepsy status, as with vs without epilepsy (EP); and (2) if and when osteoporosis medication was first prescribed, as new users (treatment naive), consistent users (osteoporosis medication prescribed in pre‐index period), and no users. Comparison groups were matched 1:1 to EP new users (n = 828/group) for demographics, glucocorticoid and antiseizure medication, and the Elixhauser comorbidity index. Difference‐in‐difference analysis compared the change in pre‐ to post‐index NTFx risk among groups as the ratio of the RR (RRR).ResultsThe pre‐ to post‐index NTFx risk at any site was reduced for EP new users (RR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.40‐0.61) and EP consistent users (RR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.38‐0.98), but nonsignificantly elevated for EP no users (RR = 1.39; 95% CI = 0.93‐2.07)—findings were consistent for most sites (eg, vertebral column). EP new users had a larger NTFx risk attenuation at any site compared to EP no users (RRR = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.23‐0.54) and EP consistent users (RRR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.51‐0.97). EP consistent users had a larger NTFx risk attenuation at any site compared to EP no users (RRR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.32‐0.79). The extent of NTFx risk attenuation at any site was similar for new users with vs without epilepsy (RRR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.73‐1.34) and consistent users with vs without epilepsy (RRR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.55‐1.17). There was evidence of site‐specific effects (eg, hip).ConclusionOsteoporosis medication is associated with a clinically meaningful 12‐month NTFx risk attenuation for adults with epilepsy, especially for those just starting osteoporosis medication.
Internationalisation and the ASEM Education Process: The Malaysian higher education experience
Authors: Munusamy M.Miandy , Hashim Azirah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInternationalisation is an important component in the transformation of higher education globally. Since 2007, the Malaysian higher education system has had a strong focus on internationalisation in positioning Malaysia as a hub for higher education. Malaysia is a member of the ASEM Education Process (AEP) and an active participant in several initiatives focusing on mobility and quality assurance since 2008. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the internationalisation of higher education efforts in Malaysia and the AEP. The AEP has influenced higher education development in Asia and Europe and received rising consideration for strategic cooperation and networking. Data were collected through a Likert style questionnaire with 170 respondents who were selected by employing total population sampling. The empirical findings indicate that the support of the AEP corresponded positively with the internationalisation process and has had a significant impact on Malaysian higher education internationalisation. Evidence shows that Malaysia's participation in the AEP needs to be encouraged, and that existing and new internationalisation policies should be updated and formulated.
Islamic marketing: A literature review and research agenda
Authors: Mamun Md. Abdullah Al , Strong Carolyn A. , Azad Md. Abul Kalam 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study adopts a novel approach by combining two complementary tools: bibliometric method of scientific mapping and content analysis of 113 published articles on Islamic Marketing (IM) to provide a comprehensive review of IM literature and pinpoints potential research areas. Results reveal that earlier studies have only examined multiple facets of IM while keeping theoretical perspective almost untouched. Results also highlight the concentration of publications to Islamic‐specific journals, restricting its focus to minimum issues of IM, thereby exerting limited influence on greater business community. This study reveals five distinct areas within IM research: (a) Theoretical aspects of IM and Muslim consumers, (b) IM ethics and practices, (c) Halal logistics and Consumer behaviour, (d) IM Communications, and (e) IM strategies & Globalization. Thus far, studies have predominantly investigated these IM aspects while the other areas remain relatively under‐researched. Potential research agenda in the IM literature emerge that present avenues for future research, namely to: (a) examination of process, physical evidence and performance elements of marketing mix and (b) examination of IM mix for ensuring customer and religious satisfaction apart from other future research areas identified in this study.
Peripheral T helper cell profiles during management of periodontitis
Authors: Medara Nidhi , Lenzo Jason C. , Walsh Katrina A. , O’Brien‐Simpson Neil M. , Reynolds Eric C. , Darby Ivan B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimPeriodontitis has been associated with other systemic diseases with underlying inflammation responsible for the shared link. This study evaluated longitudinal variation in peripheral T helper cells in periodontitis patients undergoing management over 1 year.Materials and methodsPeriodontal parameters and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 54 periodontitis patients at baseline, and 3‐, 6‐ and 12‐months post‐treatment and 40 healthy controls. IFN‐γ+, IL‐4+, IL‐17+ and Foxp3+ and their double‐positive expression were identified in CD4+ and TCRαβ+ cells using flow cytometry. PBMCs were incubated with P. gingivalis, and IFN‐γ, IL‐4, IL‐17 and IL‐10 in cell supernatant were measured by ELISA. Cells and cytokines were also assessed based on clinical response to treatment where good (<10% of sites), moderate (10–20%) and poor (>20%) treatment outcome (TxO) groups had probing depths of ≥5 mm at study conclusion.ResultsIFN‐γ+ cells were lower at baseline, and 3‐ and 6‐months compared to health, whereas Foxp3+ cells were increased at 12‐months compared to all preceding timepoints and health. The good TxO group showed treatment‐related variation in IFN‐γ+ and Foxp3+ cells, whereas the poor TxO group did not. IFN‐γ and IL‐17 cytokine expression in cell supernatants was significantly lower at baseline compared to health, and IFN‐γ and IL‐10 showed treatment‐related decrease.ConclusionThis study suggests that IFN‐γ+ and Foxp3+ cells may have a role in the systemic compartment in periodontitis. Periodontal management has local and systemic effects, and thus, assessment and management of periodontitis should form an integral part of overall systemic health.
Molecular mechanisms for the photoperiodic regulation of flowering in soybean
Authors: Lin Xiaoya , Liu Baohui , Weller James L. , Abe Jun , Kong Fanjiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhotoperiodic flowering is one of the most important factors affecting regional adaptation and yield in soybean (Glycine max). Plant adaptation to long‐day conditions at higher latitudes requires early flowering and a reduction or loss of photoperiod sensitivity; adaptation to short‐day conditions at lower latitudes involves delayed flowering, which prolongs vegetative growth for maximum yield potential. Due to the influence of numerous major loci and quantitative trait loci (QTLs), soybean has broad adaptability across latitudes. Forward genetic approaches have uncovered the molecular basis for several of these major maturity genes and QTLs. Moreover, the molecular characterization of orthologs of Arabidopsis thaliana flowering genes has enriched our understanding of the photoperiodic flowering pathway in soybean. Building on early insights into the importance of the photoreceptor phytochrome A, several circadian clock components have been integrated into the genetic network controlling flowering in soybean: E1, a repressor of FLOWERING LOCUS T orthologs, plays a central role in this network. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in elucidating photoperiodic flowering in soybean, how it contributes to our fundamental understanding of flowering time control, and how this information could be used for molecular design and breeding of high‐yielding soybean cultivars.
Application of an in vitro reconstructed human skin on cosmetics in skin irritation tests
Authors: Ma Xiao , Wang Feifei , Wang Bo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAt present, it is no longer possible to use animal testing for ingredients and cosmetic products in the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) member states. However, in vitro tests are widely used to determine the safety and efficacy of ingredients and medicines.ObjectiveObviously, 3D skin models with natural human features can be used to analyze cosmetic ingredients and formulations. Skin irritation by cosmetic products is studied less than ingredients on 3D skin models. Therefore, it is necessary for us to explore using 3D skin models to detect skin irritation with resident and cleaning cosmetic products.MethodsWe used HE staining to observe the structure of reconstructed skin models, the MTT assay to analyze tissue activity, and the ELISA to detect the relative expression of IL‐1α release to evaluate skin irritation with cosmetic products.ResultsWe found that 0.3% SLS treatment and 1% Triton X‐100 in 3D skin models resulted in a tissue activity of <20% and increased IL‐1α release. We suggest that 0.3% SLS be used as a positive control for resident cosmetics and 1% Triton X‐100 be used for cleaning products. After a comprehensive analysis of the relative expression of tissue activity and IL‐1α, we found that 4 cosmetic products were skin irritants. Compared with multiple skin irritation tests using rabbit irritancy evaluation, we find that skin models can objectively respond to skin irritation with reliability.ConclusionWe may redefine the exposure method time for cosmetics. For resident cosmetic products, the exposure time is 18 hours. For cosmetic cleaning products, the exposure time is 1 hour, with 10% dilution. We suggest that skin irritation evaluation in 3D skin models have a tissue activity of <50% and, at the same time, have a relative expression of IL‐1α that is 3‐fold greater than baseline.
Involvement of informal carers in discharge planning and transition between hospital and community mental health care: A systematic review
Authors: Petkari Eleni , Kaselionyte Justina , Altun Sukran , Giacco Domenico 
Published: October 2020

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject

Family members and friends (informal carers) are very important for providing support to people with mental health difficulties.

When these carers are included to care planning patients seem to benefit, as they are less likely to relapse.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge

There are three types of interventions including carers in the patients'transition 1) programmes that offer education in hospital; 2) programmes that involve carers in planning the patients discharge; and 3) programmes that involve carers in hospital care, discharge planning and also follow‐up in the community.

Interventions including carers that take place both in the hospital and the community have the clearest evidence for benefit on relapse reduction.

What are the implications for practice

Comprehensive interventions have the best evidence for effectiveness but challenges in their implementation and resourcing should be considered.

It might worth trying to identify and test simpler interventions focusing on discharge planning that can be used in busy services and require more limited resources whilst providing opportunities for the participation of carers.

AbstractIntroductionInvolving informal carers (family and friends of patients) in mental health interventions can lead to positive clinical and psychosocial outcomes such as relapse prevention or treatment adherence.Aim/QuestionTo explore the evidence on the effectiveness of different models that involve carers in the transition between hospital and community mental health care.MethodsFive electronic databases (PsycINFO, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus) and Grey literature (Open Grey and Grey Literature report) were systematically searched. The results were analysed using a narrative synthesis.ResultsFourteen papers were identified. They described twelve interventions that were categorized into three groups: 1) purely educational programmes in preparation of discharge; 2) programmes that involved carers in planning the transition from the mental health inpatient treatment to community mental health services; and 3) programmes that bridged into the aftercare involving carers in community follow‐up. The most comprehensive interventions, i.e. those including psychoeducation, care planning and aftercare follow‐up were better evaluated and showed a clearer benefit in improving long‐term outcomes and, in particular, reduce re‐hospitalization.Implications for practiceComprehensive interventions showed the clearest benefit in improving long‐term clinical outcomes of patients. Future research should explore implementation, costs and cost‐effectiveness, as comprehensive interventions delivered across different settings are likely to require wide‐ranging organizational changes and significant resources.