bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Young Children Who Eat Animal Sourced Foods Grow Less Stunted: Findings of Contemporaneous and Lagged Analyses from Nepal, Uganda and Bangladesh
Authors: Zaharia Sonia , Ghosh Shibani , Shrestha Robin , Manohar Swetha , Thorne-Lyman Andrew , Bashaasha Bernard , Kabunga Nassul , Gurung Sabi , Namirembe Grace , Heneveld Katherine , Liang Lichen , Webb Patrick 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In resource constrained countries, animal-sourced foods (ASFs) are an important nutrient-dense source of vitamins, minerals and macronutrients. While several studies have suggested the value of ASFs to child growth, most empirical evidence is based on cross-sectional data which can only provide information about the contemporaneous relationship between diet and anthropometric outcomes. This study uses longitudinal panel data for Nepal, Bangladesh, and Uganda to assess the association between contemporaneous as well as past ASF consumption and linear growth of children aged 6-24 months. Fixed effects models found that ASF consumption was significantly correlated with lower stunting, with a decline in stunting prevalence as high as 10% in Nepali children who had consumed any ASF in the previous year. Consuming two or more ASFs showed an even higher magnitude of association, ranging from a 10% decline in prevalence of stunting associated with lagged consumption in Bangladesh to a 16% decline in Nepal.
Domain Randomization for Neural Network Classification
Authors: Valtchev Svetozar Zarko , Wu Jianhong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Large data requirements are often the main hurdle in training neural networks. Synthetic data is a cheap and efficient solution to assemble such large datasets. Using domain randomization, we show that a sufficiently well generated synthetic image dataset can be used to train a neural network classifier, achieving accuracy levels as high as 88% on 2 category classification. We show that the most important domain randomization parameter is a large variety of subjects, while secondary parameters such as lighting and textures are not. Based on our results, there is reason to believe that models trained on domain randomized images transfer to new domains better than those trained on real photos. Model performance seems to diminish slightly as the number of categories increases.
Distance to native niche margins explains establishment success of alien
mammals
Authors: Broennimann Olivier , Petitpierre Blaise , Chevalier Mathieu , González-Suárez Manuela , Jeschke Jonathan , Rolland Jonathan , Gray Sarah , BACHER Sven , Guisan Antoine 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Why do some alien species introductions fail while others are successful? One key hypothesis is that in order for a species to invade a new range, it must initially establish successfully in conditions within its native climatic niche (NCN). Yet, this hypothesis has largely remained untested at the level of individual release events. Using a dataset of 989 introductions of 177 mammal species worldwide, we show that climatic matching to the NCN, measured by a new Niche Margin Index (NMI), is a stronger predictor of establishment success than most previously tested life-history attributes and historical factors. Contrary to traditional climatic suitability metrics derived from species distribution models, the NMI is based on niche margins and provides a measure of how distant a site is inside or, importantly, outside the NCN. Integrating NMI as a measure of NCN-matching in risk assessments could improve efforts to prevent invasions and avoid costly eradications.
Efficacy of Additional Corticosteroids to Multimodal Cocktail Periarticular Injection in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Qi , Mu Guo , Liu Xiangbo , Chen Milian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: As the ultimate method for the treatment of osteoarthritis, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been widely used in clinic. Local injection of multimodal cocktails, including corticosteroids, is commonly used for pain management after TKA. This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the effect of periarticular injection of corticosteroids on postoperative pain relief and knee functional recovery in patients undergoing TKA.Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched for all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before July 1st, 2020 that investigated the efficacy of corticosteroids for TKA.Results: Ten RCTs involving a total of 829 patients were assessed in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score at rest of the corticosteroids group decreased significantly at postoperative day 1(POD1), POD2 and POD3(P<0.05). Besides, the range of flexion motion of the knee joint in corticosteroids group at POD1 and POD2 was significantly increased(P<0.05), at the same time, the range of extension motion at POD2 and POD3 showed the opposite trend between the two groups(P<0.05). The morphine equivalent of postoperative analgesia was significantly reduced(P<0.05), and the time required for straight leg raising(SLR) was significantly shortened(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative drainage, length of hospital stay, and complications such as infection, nausea and vomiting(P>0.05).Conclusion: The additional corticosteroids to multimodal cocktail periarticular injection can relieve the early pain intensity at rest after TKA, increase the early range of motion(ROM) of the knee joint, reduce the dosage of postoperative analgesics, and shorten the duration of time required for SLR.However, it has no effect on reducing postoperative complications and shortening the length of hospital stay.
Urea - Hydrogen Compost Soil Microbial Fuel Cell for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Magotra Verjesh Kumar , Kang T.W. , Lee S.J. , Walke Pundalik D. , Rana Abu ul Hassan Sarwar , Jeon Hee Chang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This paper provides an overview of the present advances in renewable and sustainable energy resources used for new energy demand in the world. Aiming to address, Urea, Urine resources are abundant like urea-containing wastewater, industrial urea, wastewater treatment plants, becoming an attractive option as anodic fuel for the application in urea fuel cells. And as a hydrogen-rich chemical fuel, urea can also be hydrolysis and electrolyzed to produce hydrogen for energy storage in the near future. Results: We report a novel, urea-hydrogen based compost soil microbial fuel cell (UH-CSMFC). As compost soil is a rich source of bacteria, enzymes, and organic matter, soil provided the necessary ingredients for the operation of the device. While bacteria and enzymes that hydrolysed by urea powered by the fuel cell. The compost soil was also found to exhibit partial electrocatalytic activity itself. This novel UH-CSMFC shows power density of 18.26 mW/m2. For continuous operation of the device, and cleaning of the excess of nitrogen compounds from urea fuel (urine, containing different wastewater energy resources).Conclusion: The constant state is the most desirable, where the device behaviour is entirely irreversibly, which helps to feed the device. Thus, the results of electrochemical studies show that the system is suitable for cleaning, hydrogen, power generation by consuming urea as fuel. This multifunctional device is sustainable, cheap, and eco-friendly for the environment.
Research on Difficult Family Environment and Inequality of Opportunities for Children's health: evidence from seven provinces across China
Authors: Du Benfeng , Wang Xuan , Mu Yuexuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFamily is an important environment for the adaptive development of children. A lack of family functions can affect the equality of children's access to health opportunities. Based on past survey data, there are many children in difficult families in China, and the life experiences of living in difficult families have had a serious negative impact on children's health. Therefore, the research on health equality in children in difficult families is particularly important. ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the difference in the extent of family environment's influence on equal health opportunities between children from difficult families and ordinary families. MethodThe study based on data of a survey, "Health Status of Children in Difficult Families," which was conducted in 7 provinces in China in 2018. The D index was used to calculate the extent to which the family environment influenced the health opportunity equality in children from two types of families. Through conducting the Shapley decomposition based on ordered multi-class regression, the relative level of contribution of different family environment factors to the health opportunities equality in children from two types of families was examined. ResultsThe family variables included in this paper examined had a significant impact on the health opportunities of children from both families, and they had a greater impact on children's mental health. Based on the results of Shapley decomposition on different family environment factors, the family relationship had the greatest impact on the self-reported health opportunities of children from difficult families (32.02%). Living condition was the main factor that influenced the self-reported health opportunities of children from ordinary families (25.72%). In terms of mental health, family economic status was the main factor that affected the mental health opportunity equality in children from difficult families (21.22%). Family relationship was the main factor influencing the mental health opportunity equality in children from ordinary families (36.54%). In terms of cognition, family relationship was the main factor affecting health opportunity equality in children from two types of families (55.72% and 28.05%, respectively). ConclusionThere is a significant difference in the extent to which the family environment influences the health opportunity equality between children from two types of families across different health domains. Family relationship is the most important factor affecting the fairness of children's access to health opportunities in difficult families.
Relation Extraction for Coal Mine Safety Information Using Recurrent Neural Networks with Bidirectional Minimal Gated Unit
Authors: Liu Xiulei , Hou Shoulu , Qin Zhihui , Liu Sihan , Zhang Jian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The data of coal mine safety field are massive, multi-source and heterogeneous. It is of practical importance to extract information from big data to achieve disaster precaution and emergency response. Existing approaches need to build more features and rely heavily on the linguistic knowledge of researchers, leading to inefficiency, poor portability and slow update speed. This paper proposes a new relation extraction approach using recurrent neural networks with bidirectional minimal gated unit (MGU) model. This is achieved by adding a back-to-front MGU layer on the basis of original MGU model. It does not require to construct complex text features and can capture the global context information by combining the forward and backward features. Evident from extensive experiments, the proposed approach outperforms the existing initiatives in terms of training time, accuracy, recall rate and F value.
TERT drives fibroblasts reprogramming to promote the invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma via transferring of exosomal MET protein
Authors: Yang Ke , Zhang Shizhou , Zhang Dongsheng , Tao Qian , Liu Xingguang , Zhang Tianqi , Liu Guijun , Ma Li , Zhao Tengda 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by the highly infiltrative capacity and invariably aggressive feature, the oncogenic functions of TERT in cell transformation and tumor progression have well been elucidated; however, very little is known about the effect of TERT on the microenvironment during the tumorigenesis of HNSCC.
Methods

An bioinformatics analysis of TERT was firstly performed from TCGA dataset, and the correlation of TERT activity with tumor microenvironment (TME) was assessed on the basis of the analysis of HNSCC patient specimen in vivo and in vitro co-culture experiments. We next conducted an cDNA microarray analysis and identified the TERT-driven key molecule MET in the functionally regulation of tumor-fibroblasts crosstalk. Furthermore, the phenotypic and functional alteration of primary fibroblasts were detected by a series of molecular biology experiments following treatment with TERT overexpressed/silenced HNSCC cell-derived exosomes or MET transfection, respectively, and the underlying intracellular signaling pathway was tested. Finally, the effect of programming fibroblasts on the aggressive behavior of HNSCC cells were evaluated in vivo and in vitro assays.
Results

Here, we found that TERT was significantly elevated in HNSCC tissues in comparison with normal mucosa tissues, and its level was increased along with malignant progression of the tumor. Furthermore, the activated TERT enhanced cancer-fibroblasts interaction and promoted cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) formation in TME. Mechanistically, TERT-driven normal fibroblast reprogramming into CAFs is exosomal MET dependent, activated TERT could physically interact with MET protein and increase exosomal MET protein released from HNSCC cells, which promotes the intercellular trafficking of MET into fibroblasts and consequently activated AKT and ERK signaling pathways, resulting in primary fibroblast reprogramming through increased cell proliferation, migration and elevation of the pro-inflammatory gene signature. More importantly, the programmed fibroblasts in turn promote the migration and invasion of HNSCC cells.
Conclusions

Our results unveil a novel role of TERT-driven modulation of the TME, which may offer new opportunities for potential therapeutic strategies targeting HNSCC development.
Physiological Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Fed Diets with Different Lipid Levels
Authors: Ma Jun , Lou Yanan , Zhang Jing , Li Yong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In order to obtain the suitable lipid requirements of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cultured in the recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), the effects of dietary lipid levels on fat-related physiological metabolism and antioxidant defenses were investigated. Four isonitrogenous diets containing 45% crude protein with increasing dietary lipid levels of 12%, 15%, 18%, and 21% were fed to 360 fish with initial body weight of 333.25 ± 20.71 g for 77 d. Results: The results showed that a high lipid diet increased lipase and amylase activities in trout livers, whereas a low lipid diet improved lipase and alkaline phosphatase activities in trout intestines. Meanwhile, increased dietary lipid levels elevated low density lipoprotein content and decreased high density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total cholesterol concentrations and the high density lipoprotein/low density lipoprotein ratio in serum. Moreover, increases in superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde activities were observed in serum with increasing dietary lipid levels, while catalase activity and the catalase/superoxide dismutase ratio decreased. Conclusion: These results indicate that rainbow trout fed diets with low and medium fat levels received adequate fat nutrition and that the diets ensured healthy growth by improving digestive absorption, fat synthesis and transport, and antioxidant levels, and the L12 group had the best growth performance. In conclusion, rainbow trout are healthier when fed diets with approximately 12% lipid levels in RAS.
SLC39A1 contribute to malignant progression and have clinical prognostic impact in gliomas
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Jingjing , He Shuai , Xiao Boan , Peng Xiaobin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGliomas are one of the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system, and have an unfavorable prognosis. SLC39A1 is a zinc ion transport protein which inhibits the progression of prostate cancer. By studying the role and mechanism of SLC39A1 in the progression of gliomas, perhaps a new therapeutic target can be provided for their treatment.MethodThe TCGA, CCGA, GSE16011, GSE44971 and GSE11260 data sets were employed to evaluate the expression level of SLC39A1 in paracancerous and glioma tissues. In addition, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox analysis, and the ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were used to analyze its prognostic value and immune infiltration correlation. A CCK-8 and flow cytometer were used to measure the effects of SLC39A1 on U87 cell proliferation or apoptosis; RT-qPCR and western blot were used to detect its effects on the expression of MMP2\MMP9.ResultsSLC39A1 has up-regulated expression in glioma tissues. It is an independent prognostic factor for patients with glioma, and is significantly correlated with clinical pathological parameters such as Grade, IDH mutation status, and 1p19q codeletion status. In vitro experimental results show that SLC39A1 promotes proliferation of glioma cells, inhibits their apoptosis, and promotes expression of MMP2\MMP9. In addition, it may affect infiltration of immune cells into the glioma microenvironment.ConclusionSLC39A1 is a new biomarker, an independent prognostic factor for gliomas, and can be used as a potential target for their treatment.
Impact of A Maternal and Newborn Health Results Based Financing Intervention&nbsp;(RBF4MNH) On Stillbirth: A Cross-Sectional Comparison in Four Districts in Malawi.
Authors: Makuluni Regina , Stones William 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: A Results Based Financing (RBF) model for Maternal and Newborn Health, “RBF4MNH” was implemented by the Government of Malawi in four Districts, with the aim of improving health outcomes. We used this setting to examine the impact of this model on antepartum and intrapartum stillbirth, taking women’s risk factors into account. Methods: We used maternity unit delivery registers at hospitals in four districts of Malawi to obtain information about stillbirths. The result based finance for maternal and newborn health intervention was ongoing in two districts and two non-intervention districts were used for comparison. Data were extracted from the maternity registers and analyzed using STATA version 14. Logistic regression models were developed to determine crude and adjusted odds ratios for fresh and macerated stillbirth. Results: In the study period there were 67 stillbirths among 2,772 deliveries representing 24.1 per 1,000 live births of which 52% (n=35) were fresh (intrapartum) stillbirths and 48% (n=32) were macerated (antepartum) losses. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for fresh and macerated stillbirth at RBF versus non-RBF sites were 2.67 (95%CI 1.24 to 5.57, P=0.01) and 7.27 (95%CI 2.74 to 19.25 P<0.001) respectively.Gestational age at delivery was significantly associated with stillbirths. Conclusion: The study did not identify a positive impact of result based finance for maternal and newborn health on the reduction of both fresh and macerated stillbirths. There is a need for rigorously designed and tested interventions to strengthen service delivery with a focus on the elements needed to ensure quality of intrapartum care.
eIF6 Promotes the Malignant Progression of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma via the mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Sun Liping , Liu Shuguang , Wang Xiaopai , Zheng Xuefeng , Chen Ya , Shen Hong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6) has a crucial function in the maturation of 60S ribosomal subunits, and it controls the initiation of protein translation. Although emerging studies indicate that eIF6 is aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers, the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of eIF6 in the pathological progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of eIF6 in patients with HCC.
Methods
HCC samples enrolled from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and our cohort were used to explore the role and mechanism of eIF6 in HCC. The diagnostic power of eIF6 was verified by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and its prognostic value was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and then related biological functions of eIF6 were determined in vitro and in vivo cancer models. In addition, potential molecular mechanism of eIF6 in HCC was unveiled by the gene set enrichment analysis and western blot assay.
Results
We demonstrated that eIF6 expression was markedly increased in HCC, and elevated eIF6 expression correlated with pathological progression of HCC. Besides, eIF6 served as not only a new diagnostic biomarker but also an independent risk factor for OS in HCC patients. Functional studies indicated that the deletion of eIF6 displayed tumor-suppressor activity in HCC cells. Furthermore, we found that eIF6 could activate the mTOR-related signaling pathway and regulate the expression level of its target genes, such as CCND1, CDK4, CDK6, MYC, CASP3 and CTNNBL1, and these activities promoted proliferation and invasion of HCC cells.
Conclusions
The findings of this study provided a novel basis for understanding the potential role of eIF6 in promoting tumor growth and invasion, and exploited a promising strategy for improving diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
Surfactant Therapy for COVID-19 Related ARDS: A Retrospective Case-Control Pilot Study.
Authors: Piva Simone , Robert DiBlasi , Slee April E , Jobe Alan H , Roccaro Aldo M , Filippini Matteo , Latronico Nicola , Bertoni Michele , Marshall John C , Portman Michael A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. COVID-19 causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and depletes the lungs of surfactant, leading to prolonged mechanical ventilation and death. The feasibility and safety of surfactant delivery in COVID-19 ARDS patients have not been established. Methods. We performed retrospective analyses of data from patients receiving off-label use of natural surfactant during the COVID-19 pandemic. Seven COVID-19 PCR positive ARDS patients received liquid Curosurf (720 mg) in 150 ml normal saline, divided into five 30 ml aliquots) and delivered via a bronchoscope into second-generation bronchi. Patients were matched with 14 comparable subjects receiving supportive care for ARDS during the same time period. Feasibility and safety were examined as well as the duration of mechanical ventilation and mortality. Results. Patients showed no evidence of acute decompensation following surfactant installation into minor bronchi and lung retention for up to 2 hours. Cox regression showed a reduction of 28-days mortality within the surfactant group, though not significant. The surfactant did not increase the duration of ventilation, and health care providers did not convert to COVID-19 positive. Conclusions. Surfactant delivery through bronchoscopy at a dose of 720 mg in 150 ml normal saline is feasible and safe for COVID-19 ARDS patients and health care providers during the pandemic. Surfactant administration does not cause acute decompensation, and it could be related to improved survival and reduction of mechanical ventilation duration. This study supports the future performance of randomized clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of meticulous surfactant delivery.