bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitalization Before Liver Transplantation Predicts Posttransplant Patient Survival: A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis
Authors: Wiering Leke , Öllinger Robert , Kruppa Jochen , Schoeneberg Uwe , Dziodzio Tomasz , Jara Maximillian , Biebl Matthias , Dargie Richard , Raschzok Nathanael , Schöning Wenzel , Eurich Dennis , Schmelzle Moritz , Sauer Igor M. , Pratschke Johann , Ritschl Paul V. 
Published: March 2020

In contrast to donor factors predicting outcomes of liver transplantation (LT), few suitable recipient parameters have been identified. To this end, we performed an in‐depth analysis of hospitalization status and duration prior to LT as a potential risk factor for posttransplant outcome. The pretransplant hospitalization status of all patients undergoing LT between 2005 and 2016 at the Charité‐Universitätsmedizin Berlin was analyzed retrospectively using propensity score matching. At the time of organ acceptance, 226 of 1134 (19.9%) recipients were hospitalized in an intensive care unit (ICU), 146 (12.9%) in a regular ward (RW) and 762 patients (67.2%) were at home. Hospitalized patients (RW and ICU) compared with patients from home showed a dramatically shorter 3‐month survival (78.7% versus 94.4%), 1‐year survival (66.3% versus 87.3%), and 3‐year survival (61.7% versus 81.7%; all P < 0.001), whereas no significant difference was detected for 3‐year survival between ICU and RW patients (61.5% versus 62.3%; P = 0.60). These results remained significant after propensity score matching. Furthermore, in ICU patients, but not in RW patients, survival correlated with days spent in the ICU before LT (1‐year survival: 1‐6 versus 7‐14 days: 73.7% versus 60.5%, P = 0.04; 7‐14 days versus >14 days, 60.5% versus 51.0%, P = 0.006). In conclusion, hospitalization status before transplantation is a valuable predictor of patient survival following LT.
Amylopectin Multiple Aldehyde Crosslinked Hydrogel as an Injectable and Self‐Healing Cell Carrier for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Vahedi Mohammad , Shokrolahi Fatemeh , Barzin Jalal , Shokrollahi Parvin , Taghiyar Leila , Ashtiani Mohammad Kazemi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDespite excellent processing and biological properties of gelatin for use as a cell carrier, none of the gelatin‐based hydrogel cell carriers reported to date offer all characteristics including quick formation, injectability, self‐healing, and durability, which are simultaneously required for an ideal system. Here, a gelatin‐based hydrogel with dynamic Schiff base linkages, so‐called “dynamic hydrogel,” as an injectable cell carrier consisting of gelatin and amylopectin multiple aldehyde (AMPA), with all the required characteristics is reported. Biocompatibility and osteoinductivity of the hydrogel are verified through the culture of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). As live/dead results show, hBMSCs are alive and highly viable ≈85–90% within the hydrogel after 5 days. According to bromodeoxyuridine cell proliferation assay, a significant increase in the number of the cells seeded in the hydrogel confirms its clinical significance for cell therapy. Most importantly, histological visualization using Mason's Trichrome staining indicates secretion of extracellular matrix around the cells loaded in the hydrogel and also expression level evaluation of the crucial osteogenic markers, confirms that the hydrogel can provide osteoinductive support for osteocyte differentiation of hBMSCs after 14 days. Therefore, this hydrogel provides more progress on the path toward bone tissue engineering and further treatment of bone diseases.
Inter‐ and intra‐software reproducibility of computed tomography lung density measurements
Authors: Kirby Miranda , Hatt Charles , Obuchowski Nancy , Humphries Stephen M. , Sieren Jered , Lynch David A. , Fain Sean B. ,   the QIBA Lung Density Committee
Published: March 2020

PurposeMultiple commercial, open‐source, and academic software tools exist for objective quantification of lung density in computed tomography (CT) images. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intersoftware reproducibility of CT lung density measurements.MethodsComputed tomography images from 50 participants from the COPDGeneTM cohort study were randomly selected for analysis; n = 10 participants across each global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD) grade (GOLD 0–IV). Academic‐based groups (n = 4) and commercial vendors (n = 4) participated anonymously to generate CT lung density measurements using their software tools. Computed tomography total lung volume (TLV), percentage of the low attenuation areas in the lung with Hounsfield unit (HU) values below −950HU (LAA950), and the HU value corresponding to the 15th percentile on the parenchymal density histogram (Perc15) were included in the analysis. The intersoftware bias and reproducibility coefficient (RDC) was generated with and without quality assurance (QA) for manual correction of the lung segmentation; intrasoftware bias and RDC was also generated by repeated measurements on the same images.ResultsIntersoftware mean bias was within ±0.22 mL, ±0.46%, and ±0.97 HU for TLV, LAA950 and Perc15, respectively. The RDC was 0.35 L, 1.2% and 1.8 HU for TLV, LAA950 and Perc15, respectively. Intersoftware RDC remained unchanged following QA: 0.35 L, 1.2% and 1.8 HU for TLV, LAA950 and Perc15, respectively. All software investigated had an intrasoftware RDC of 0. The RDC was comparable for TLV, LAA950 and Perc15 measurements, respectively, for academic‐based groups/commercial vendor‐based software tools: 0.39 L/0.32 L, 1.2%/1.2%, and 1.7 HU/1.6 HU. Multivariable regression analysis showed that academic‐based software tools had greater within‐subject standard deviation of TLV than commercial vendors, but no significant differences between academic and commercial groups were found for LAA950 or Perc15 measurements.ConclusionsComputed tomography total lung volume and lung density measurement bias and reproducibility was reported across eight different software tools. Bias was negligible across vendors, reproducibility was comparable for software tools generated by academic‐based groups and commercial vendors, and segmentation QA had negligible impact on measurement variability between software tools. In summary, results from this study report the amount of additional measurement variability that should be accounted for when using different software tools to measure lung density longitudinally with well‐standardized image acquisition protocols. However, intrasoftware reproducibility was deterministic for all cases so use of the same software tool to reduce variability for serial studies is highly recommended.
A fog‐based collaborative intrusion detection framework for smart grid
Authors: Li Wenjuan , Au Man Ho , Wang Yu 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWith the rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICTs), the conventional electrical grid is evolving towards an intelligent smart grid. Due to the complexity, how to protect the security of smart grid environments still remains a practical challenge. Currently, collaborative intrusion detection systems (CIDSs) are one important solution to help identify various security threats, through allowing various IDS nodes to exchange data and information. However, with the increasing adoption of ICT in smart grid, cloud computing is often deployed in order to reduce the storage burden locally. However, due to the distance between grid and cloud, it is critical for smart grid to ensure the timely response to any accidents. In this work, we review existing collaborative detection mechanisms and introduce a fog‐based CIDS framework to enhance the detection efficiency. The results show that our approach can improved the detection efficiency by around 21% to 45% based on the concrete attacking scenarios.
An approximated computational method for fast stress reconstruction in large strain plasticity
Authors: Rossi Marco , Lattanzi Attilio , Cortese Luca , Amodio Dario 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis article describes a numerical method to reconstruct the stress field starting from strain data in elastoplasticity. Usually, this reconstruction is performed using the radial return algorithm, commonly implemented also in finite element codes. However, that method requires iterations to converge and can bring to errors if applied to experimental strain data affected by noise. A different solution is proposed here, where an approximated numerical method is used to derive the stress from the strain data with no iterations. The method is general and can be applied to any plasticity model with a convex surface of the yield locus in nonproportional loading. The theoretical basis of the method is described and then it is implemented on two constitutive models of anisotropic plasticity, namely, Hill48 and Yld2000‐2D. The accuracy of the proposed method and the advantage in terms of computational time with respect to the classical radial‐return algorithm are discussed. The possibility of using such method to reconstruct the stress field in case of few temporal data and noisy strain fields is also investigated.
Nurses' perceptions of success in self‐management support: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Duprez Veerle , Beeckman Dimitri , Van Hecke Ann , Verhaeghe Sofie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNurses play an important role in supporting patients in self‐managing their chronic conditions. However, it is uncertain how nurses define their success and what might create feelings of disillusionment. This exploratory qualitative study sought to understand the origin, meanings, and processes underlying nurses' feelings of success in supporting patients to self‐manage their life with a chronic illness. Semi‐structured interviews were held with 16 nurses who were purposively sampled. Data were iteratively collected and analyzed (November 2017–September 2018). The origin and meaning of nurses' feelings of success in supporting patients in self‐management converged around the intertwining of “maintaining and promoting health” as a primary goal in chronic care, while an “intrapersonal conflict” arises. Patients maintaining physical health by optimal medical management boost nurses' feelings of success, whereas patients dealing with sub‐optimally provoke “an intrapersonal conflict”. When nurses observe unhealthy patient behavior, this is difficult to accept as it conflicts with their normative ideas of good care and health. Nurses' perception of success is refined by three interconnected processes, namely “keeping on track”, “considering own role,” and “protecting self”. Nurses experienced and processed success differently depending on whether they interacted with patients from a more directive approach or an attuning approach. This study highlighted the fact that nurses expect compliance from patients, and thereby often feel empty‐handed. By adopting a broader perspective of what successful patient behavior is, nurses might be able to provide a more comprehensive meaning to their own success regarding the care of patients living with a chronic illness.
Untargeted metabolite profiling and phytochemical analysis based on RP‐HPLC‐DAD‐QTOF‐MS and MS/MS for discovering new bioactive compounds in Rumex algeriensis flowers and stems
Authors: Ammar Sonda , Abidi Jouda , Vlad Luca Simon , Boumendjel Mahieddine , Skalicka‐Woźniak Krystyna , Bouaziz Mohamed 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionNatural products with distinctive pharmaceutical activities are considered as the main source of new herbal drugs, functional foods and cosmetic additives. Rumex algeriensis is an endemic medicinal plant with no accessible information about its chemical profile and biological activities.ObjectiveIn the quest for new sources of biologically‐active compounds, we intended in the present work to undertake a comprehensive characterisation of phytochemical compounds from Rumex algeriensis flowers and stems hydro‐methanolic extract.MethodologyChemical profiles were evaluated by a rapid analytical method reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) coupled to electrospray ionisation‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (ESI‐QTOF‐MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using negative and positive ions modes.ResultsIn this work, 44 bioactive compounds were tentatively identified using high mass accuracy data and confirmed by MS/MS experiments, among which five compounds were reported for the first time in the Polygonaceae family. These compounds were classified as sugars, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, flavanones, flavone, flavanols, condensed tannins, hydrolysable tannins and their conjugated derivatives.ConclusionsThe obtained results highlighted that Rumex algeriensis, even though undervalued and unexplored, contributes to the preclinical knowledge that could be considered as a renewable source of nutraceutical compounds that may be exploited in novel herbal medicinal products, in the food, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
Integrated biomarker for type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose based on metabolomics analysis using ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution accurate mass spectrometry
Authors: Long Jianglan , Liu Liwei , Jia Qingquan , Yang Zhirui , Sun Zhi , Yan Can , Yan Dan 
Published: March 2020

RationaleThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing but its early diagnosis in high risk populations remains challenging using only fasting blood glucose (FBG) or hemoglobin A1c measurements. It is, therefore, important to search for an integrated biomarker for early diagnosis by determining metabolites associated with the progression of the disease.MethodsWe recruited 149 participants (51 T2DM patients, 50 individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and 48 normal glucose tolerance subjects). Their serum samples were analyzed based on a metabolomics approach using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole‐Orbitrap high‐resolution accurate mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q‐Orbitrap HRMS). The changes in metabolites were profiled and evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Furthermore, a biomarker model was established and the potential biomarkers were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic analysis with AUC (area under the curve). Pathway analysis of differential metabolites was performed to reveal the important biological information.ResultsThirty‐eight differential metabolites were identified as significantly associated with T2DM patients and 23 differential metabolites with IFG individuals, mainly amino acids, carnitines, and phospholipids. By evaluating 17 potential biomarkers, we defined a novel integrated biomarker consisting of 2‐acetolactate, 2‐hydroxy‐2,4‐pentadienoate, L‐arabinose and L‐glutamine. The AUCs of the integrated biomarker with IFG and T2DM patients were 0.874 and 0.994, respectively, which showed a superior diagnostic performance. The levels of 2‐acetolactate and 2‐hydroxy‐2,4‐pentadienoate were strongly positively correlated with FBG, while L‐glutamine and L‐arabinose were strongly negatively associated with FBG. After pathway analysis, it was suggested that the majority of the influenced metabolic pathways associated with diabetes referred to amino acid metabolism.ConclusionsThe integrated biomarker could diagnose IFG and T2DM with a superior diagnostic performance. This finding provides support for novel biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes.
Facile Molecular Catalysis for Isomerization of Glucose to Fructose Using KMnO4 in Water
Authors: Zandany Anat , Kumar Vijay B. , Gedanken Aharon 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis research demonstrates the eco‐friendly conversion of glucose to fructose in an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) via a hydrothermal method. A series of reactions have been completed at different temperatures, times, and concentrations of the catalyst. The examination of the glucose to fructose transformation was determined by using quantitative HPLC, and 13C‐NMR analyses. 29% fructose yield was found with 68% fructose selectivity, at 90 °C for an 8 h reaction in aqueous solution. The catalytic activity of KMnO4 was correlated with its Lewis acidity. The outcomes of these experiments provided a better understanding of sugar transformations in the KMnO4 aqueous solution. The mechanism of glucose isomerization has been proposed based on supporting transformations utilizing Lewis acids for the isomerization of glucose.
High‐Performance Aqueous Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Microwave‐Synthesized Self‐Supported NiCo2O4 Nanograss and Carbide‐Derived Carbon
Authors: Zhang Fang , Su Can , Wen Fusheng , Mu Congpu , Li Xuecong , Ming Xianbing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA binder‐free supercapacitor electrode of NiCo2O4 nanograss coated on nickel foam (NF) was prepared by single‐mode microwave method along with calcination, displaying a higher specific capacitance (1042 F/g at 1 mV/s). Furthermore, we demonstrate excellent electrochemical performance of NiCo2O4 nanograss as anode electrode and carbide‐derived carbon as cathode electrode. The resultant asymmetric supercapacitors possess high specific capacitance (105.6 F/g at 1 mV/s), good cycling stability (retention capacitance of 78.5% after 5000 cycles), high energy density (32.9 Wh/kg) and large power density (970.1 W/kg), which has potential application in energy storage devices.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Li‐ and Mn‐Rich Cathode Materials by Particle Blending and Surface Coating
Authors: Li Zhao , Li Qiang , Wu Shuaijin , Zhang Anbang , Zhuo Haoxiang , Zhang Gangning , Wang Zhong , Wang Lin , Ren Zhimin , Wang Jiantao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA Li‐ and Mn‐rich material Li1.18Mn0.55Ni0.18Co0.09O2 (LMR) exhibits a high specific capacity; however, this material has serious problems, including a poor rate capability and limited cycling life. A jet crushing method is used to break micron‐sized LMR particles synthesized by a solid‐state reaction into nano‐sized particles. Compared to micron‐sized particles, nano‐sized LMR particles possess a higher rate capability due to shorter Li+ diffusion pathway, but also an increase in side reactions with the electrolyte leads to poorer cycling performance. Herein, we propose a material engineering strategy that combines micron‐ and nano‐sized particle blending and a cerium oxide (CeO2) surface coating modifications to enhance the electrochemical performance of LMR material. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images demonstrate that the cubic structure of CeO2 is uniformly distributed on the surface of LMR, which is supposed to suppress the electrode/electrolyte side reactions by preventing electrode particles from being directly exposed to the electrolyte. As a result, the discharge capacity of the modified LMR material is 153.1 mAh g−1 at 5 C compared to 139.1 mAh g−1 with the pristine material. The capacity retention of the modified material is 82.8 % after 200 cycles at 1 C, which is higher than the 77.1 % capacity retention of the pristine material. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals that the CeO2 coating layer has a significant role in mitigating oxygen release from the surface of the LMR material during cycling.
Microwave‐Assisted Rapid Preparation of Vermiculite‐Loaded Nano‐Nickel Oxide As a Highly Efficient Catalyst for Acetylene Carbonylation to Synthesize Acrylic Acid
Authors: Hu Gang , Guo Dong , Shang Haojie , Sun Yongkang , Zeng Junming , Li Jiangbing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith CuBr2 as a co‐catalyst, the nickel‐supported two‐dimensional layered vermiculite (2D‐VT)‐based composite [Ni(NO3)2•6H2O/2D‐VT] was used as a precursor and applied to various calcination methods to produce catalysts. These catalysts were used in the acetylene carbonylation reaction to synthesize acrylic acid (AA). The catalysts were characterized and evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction (H2‐TPR), nitrogen adsorption desorption analyzer (BET) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). We found that the microwave (MW) radiation calcined catalyst (MW‐NiO/2D‐VT) exhibited better catalytic performance than the muffle furnace (MF) calcination catalyst (MF‐NiO/2D‐VT). This difference is observed owing to the fast speed of microwave radiation heating, short baking time, and the instantaneous formation of nano‐NiO particles that have better dispersibility and uniformity, which is more conducive to the performance expression of nickel oxide. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the yield of AA is 86.3%. During the reaction, the MW‐NiO/2D‐VT catalyst is more stable and produces less by‐deposits than the MF‐NiO/2D‐VT catalyst. Thus, MW‐NiO/2D‐VT is more conducive to improving the selectivity of AA. In addition, theoretical calculations show that the MW‐NiO/2D‐VT catalyst has a lower apparent activation energy, which kinetically explains why MW‐NiO/2D‐VT is an excellent catalyst.
Exploring Quinazolinones as Anticonvulsants by Molecular Fragmentation Approach: Structural Optimization, Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation Studies
Authors: Ugale Vinod G. , Bari Sanjay B. , Khadse Saurabh C. , Reddy Pedavenkatagari Narayana , Bonde Chandrakant G. , Chaudhari Prashant J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn recent years, design and synthesis of anticonvulsants effective against multiple seizures has attracted much attention of medicinal chemists. In an attempt to find novel anticonvulsants, herein we have reported structurally optimized sixteen different substituted quinazolinones explored through molecular fragmentation approach. The anticonvulsant activity of synthesized compounds was assessed by using predictable seizure models in mice. Two most promising analogues 8 d (ED50 = 35.1 mg/kg, MES, mice, i. p.; ED50 = 41.5 mg/kg, scPTZ test, mice, i. p.) and 8 l (ED50 = 21.2 mg/kg, MES, mice, i. p.; ED50 = 32.4 mg/kg, scPTZ test, mice, i. p.) exhibited broad spectrum anticonvulsant action in preclinical models of seizures. Compound 8 l was also shown profound activity against pharmaco‐resistant limbic seizures produced in 6 Hz test. Most of the synthesized molecules exhibited moderate to high anticonvulsant activity in all seizure models with no symptoms of neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. We have also used in‐silico protocol for prediction of physiochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of synthesized quinazolinones. The promising anticonvulsant activity of synthesized analogues, ex‐vivo toxicity, in‐silico molecular docking, physiochemical and pharmacokinetic predictions make us to anticipate emergence of synthesized quinazolinones as valid leads for the treatment of convulsive disorder.
Theoretical Prediction of Capacitance of Bilayer Graphene Flakes
Authors: Salehi Seyed Reza , Azami Seyed Mohammad 
Published: March 2020

AbstractElectric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) have been known as energy storage device and different materials have been used as EDLC electrode materials. Recently, graphene has been considered as one of the most promising materials for use in EDLC structure. In this research, a theoretical study on bilayer graphene (as an EDLC with vacuum dielectric) in two symmetries (D2h and D6h) with different distances and applied voltages is done, where the charge separation among a bilayer graphene structure is calculated by electron deformation orbital theory. Although it was found that capacitance is almost independent of applied voltage in constant distances, the relationship between capacitance and inverse of distance was nonlinear in the cases of constant voltages. The structure change from D2h to D6h did not affect the specific capacitances, significantly, although the areal capacitance of D2h structure was greater than that of D6h structure.