bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethics, accuracy, and interpreting in social settings
Authors: Gil-Bardají Anna 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Accuracy tops most of the codes of ethics for public service interpreting. This dominant position is not
accidental, since the lack of truth in the transmission of the message may entail a violation of the users’ and providers’
fundamental right to truth. In Catalonia, where intercultural mediators have taken on the role of interpreters for many years, the
issue of accuracy becomes even more complex due to their dual roles as professional mediators and non-professional interpreters.
Drawing on more than four hours of video recordings and post-task interviews with study participants, this paper analyzes the accuracy
of five intercultural mediators working with Arabic, Spanish, and Catalan when in the role of interpreter.
Effect of annealing temperature on structure-property correlations in Zn2SnO4 nanostructured films for optoelectronics
Authors: Arora Isha , Kumar Praveen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In the present work, the effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical and electrical properties for sol gel synthesized Zn2SnO4 nanostructured films has been investigated for their suitability in optoelectronics. These samples were probed by using XRD, UV-Visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy and Hall measurements. The x-ray diffraction study divulges the polycrystalline nature and phase transition from cubic inverse spinal Zn2SnO4 phase to pervoskite ZnSnO3 phase in the synthesized films. The optical transmission of ∼43 %–73 % in the visible region while the optical gap varies from 3.61–3.95 eV has been observed for the annealed films. The defect related emission peaks at 423, 445 and 481 nm has been observed. The lowest electrical resistivity (5.8 × 10–3 Ω cm) and highest figure of merit (10–3 Ω−1) for the films annealed at 600 °C has been observed. These results are very important for the development of new n-type transparent conductor for various optoelectronic devices.
Effects of frequency on supercapacitor properties of multi walled carbon nanotubes-polypyrrole film prepared by alternating current-electrophoretic deposition method
Authors: Mohd Saini Muhammad Syafiq Adham , Wahab Nor Aimi Abdul , Yusof Azmi Mohamed , Yusoff Mohd Zaki Mohd , Hashim Abd Hakim , Yahya Muhammad Syarifuddin , Zainie Intan Syaffinazzilla 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An electroactive supercapacitor electrodes have been prepared through deposition of multi walled carbon nanotubes-polypyrrole (MWCNTs-PPy) via alternating current electrophoretic deposition method (AC-EPD). Using safranin (SAF) as co-dispersant, a stable and well-dispersed MWCNTs were obtained and the deposits of MWCNTs-PPy were successfully formed using AC peak to peak voltage of 8 V but at difference frequencies of 0.01 Hz, 4 Hz and 250 Hz. Varying the frequencies of the applied voltage has been found influencing the morphology and electrochemical properties of the deposited films. A more porous and highest deposited mass of 0.021 g was obtained at frequency of 4 Hz, while at 250 Hz the deposited mass reduces to 0.017 g. The lowest deposited mass of 0.015 g was obtained at the lowest frequency (0.01 Hz). In addition, the morphology structure of the composite film at 4 Hz shows that the PPy were well-distributed throughout MWCNTs surface. The XRD result shows the presence of amorphous PPy and graphite-like MWCNTs for all deposited samples. It has been shown that the specific capacitance values for the composites also strongly depends on the frequency of applied voltage. In the case of frequency of 4 Hz, higher values can be found at 76.08 F g−1 which was more than two folds increment from the lowest frequency (0.01 Hz), however at the highest frequency (250 Hz) a specific capacitance values of 65.03 F g−1 have been measured. The AC-EPD provides avenue for depositing nanocomposites film at relatively low apllied voltage however, there have no linear correllations been observed on the morphology and electrochemical properties of the deposited films as the frequencies of applied voltage increases.
Hydrogen detection using membrane-type surface stress sensor
Authors: Yakabe Taro , Imamura Gaku , Yoshikawa Genki , Kitajima Masahiro , Itakura Akiko N 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study shows a possibility of the application of a membrane-type surface stress sensor (MSS) with a Pd film to a hydrogen sensor. It was able to detect hydrogen concentrations from 5 to 40000 ppm in a nitrogen gas mixture. In the case of a conventional sensor using a hydrogen-occluding material, it is necessary to wait for a state of saturation. In contrast, the proposed method can detect hydrogen quickly by the initial rate of hydrogen absorption. The relationship between the initial absorption rate and hydrogen concentration is explained by considering the two-step reaction kinetics of hydrogen absorption into bulk Pd via Langmuir dissociative adsorption on surface.
Remarks on rational points of universal curves
Authors: Watanabe Tatsunari 
Published: February 2020

In this note, we will give some remarks on the results in [J. Amer. Math. Soc. 24 (2011), no. 3, pp. 709–769] by Hain. In particular, we consider the universal curves

M

g
,
n
+
1

→

M

g
,
n

{\mathcal {M}}_{g,n+1}\to {\mathcal {M}}_{g,n}

and the sections of their algebraic fundamental groups.
Univalent functions with quasiconformal extensions: Becker’s class and estimates of the third coefficient
Authors: Gumenyuk Pavel , Hotta Ikkei 
Published: February 2020

We investigate univalent functions

f
(
z
)
=
z
+

a
2

z
2

+

a
3

z
3

+
…

f(z)=z+a_2z^2+a_3z^3+\ldots

in the unit disk

D

\mathbb {D}

extendible to

k
k

-q.c.(=quasiconformal) automorphisms of

C

\mathbb {C}

. In particular, we answer a question on estimation of

|

a
3

|

|a_3|

raised by Kühnau and Niske [Math. Nachr. 78 (1977), pp. 185–192]. This is one of the results we obtain studying univalent functions that admit q.c.-extensions via a construction, based on Loewner’s parametric representation method, due to Becker [J. Reine Angew. Math. 255 (1972), pp. 23–43]. Another problem we consider is to find the maximal

k
∗

∈
(
0
,
1
]

k_*\in (0,1]

such that every univalent function

f
f

in

D

\mathbb {D}

having a

k
k

-q.c. extension to

C

\mathbb {C}

with

k
>

k
∗

k>k_*

admits also a Becker q.c.-extension, possibly with a larger upper bound for the dilatation. We prove that

k
∗

>
1

/

6

k_*>1/6

. Moreover, we show that in some cases, Becker’s extension turns out to be the optimal one. Namely, given any

k
∈
(
0
,
1
)

k\in (0,1)

, to each finite Blaschke product there corresponds a univalent function

f
f

in

D

\mathbb {D}

that admits a Becker

k
k

-q.c. extension but no

k
′

k’

-q.c. extensions to

C

\mathbb {C}

with

k
′

>
k

k’>k

.
Essential dimension of the moduli stack of polarized K3 surfaces
Authors: Gao Anningzhe 
Published: February 2020

We compute the essential dimension of the moduli stack of polarized K3 surfaces of degree

d
d

, for char

p
=
0

p=0

or

p
>
22

p>22

. The main tool we use is the genericity theorem proved in [Ann. of Math. 171 (2010), pp. 533–544].
Inverse wave scattering in the Laplace domain: A factorization method approach
Authors: Mantile Andrea , Posilicano Andrea 
Published: February 2020

Let

Δ

Λ

≤

λ

Λ

\Delta _{\Lambda }\le \lambda _{\Lambda }

be a semi-bounded self-adjoint realization of the Laplace operator with boundary conditions (Dirichlet, Neumann, semi-transparent) assigned on the Lipschitz boundary of a bounded obstacle

Ω
\Omega

. Let

u

f

Λ

u^{\Lambda }_{f}

and

u

f

0

u^{0}_{f}

denote the solutions of the wave equations corresponding to

Δ

Λ

\Delta _{\Lambda }

and to the free Laplacian

Δ
\Delta

, respectively, with a source term

f
f

concentrated at time

t
=
0

t=0

(a pulse). We show that for any fixed

λ
>

λ

Λ

≥
0

\lambda >\lambda _{\Lambda }\ge 0

and any fixed

B
⋐

R

n

∖

Ω
¯

B\Subset {\mathbb R}^{n}\backslash \overline \Omega

, the obstacle

Ω
\Omega

can be reconstructed by the data

F

λ

Λ

f
(
x
)

≔

∫

0

∞

e

−

λ

t

(

u

f

Λ

(
t
,
x
)
−

u

f

0

(
t
,
x
)

)

d
t
,

x
∈
B

,

f
∈

L

2

(

R

n

)

,

s
u
p
p

(
f
)
⊂
B

.

\begin{gather*} F^{\Lambda }_{\lambda }f(x)\coloneq \int _{0}^{\infty }e^{-\sqrt \lambda \,t}\big (u^{\Lambda }_{f}(t,x)-u^{0}_{f}(t,x)\big )\,dt,\\ x\in B\,,\ f\in L^{2}({\mathbb R}^{n})\,,\ \mathrm {supp}(f)\subset B\,. \end{gather*}

A similar result holds in the case of screens reconstruction, when the boundary conditions are assigned only on a part of the boundary. Our method exploits the factorized form of the resolvent difference

(
−

Δ

Λ

+
λ

)

−
1

−
(
−
Δ
+
λ

)

−
1

(-\Delta _{\Lambda }+\lambda )^{-1}-(-\Delta +\lambda )^{-1}

.
Prognostic Impact of Histopathologic Features in Pulmonary Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Chang Wei-Chin , Zhang Yu Zhi , Lim Eric , Nicholson Andrew G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The prognostic significance of pathologic features and invasive size has not been well studied for invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA). This study evaluates the significance of pathologic features and invasive size in relation to clinical outcome.

Methods
We reviewed the pathologic features in 84 IMAs, including histologic pattern, nuclear atypia, mitosis, necrosis, and lymphovascular invasion. The invasive size was calculated from the total size using the percentage of invasive components. Cases were subdivided into two pathologic grades based on five pathologic features, and the pathologic grade and adjusted T (aT) stage were correlated with disease-free and overall survival (OS).

Results
Necrosis and N stage were significantly associated with aT stage, and a significant association was noted between OS and aT stage. Nuclear atypia, mitosis, and lymphovascular and pleural invasion also showed a significant association with OS. High-grade tumors showing a significantly worse OS compared with low-grade tumors, as well as pathologic grade (hazard ratio [HR], 2.337; P = .043) and aT stage (HR, 1.875; P = .003), were independent prognostic factors in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions
The pathologic grading system stratified IMAs into high- and low-grade tumors with significant differences in OS. Invasive size may provide a better prognostic stratification for OS.
Clinicopathologic Analysis of Oral and Maxillofacial Solitary Fibrous Tumor
Authors: de Morais Everton Freitas , Martins Hélder Domiciano Dantas , Rodrigues Katianne Soares , de França Glória Maria , da Silveira Éricka Janine Dantas , Freitas Roseana de Almeida 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this systematic review was to provide an overview of the oral and maxillofacial solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) in order to determine its clinicopathologic characteristics and biological behavior.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review in May 2019 in multiple databases. Cases diagnosed as SFT in the oral cavity and maxillofacial complex were included.

Results
Seventy-three published articles were included in our systematic review, corresponding to a total of 154 cases. SFT showed a slight female predilection (53.2%), and the cheek mucosa/cheek, tongue, and palate were the most affected anatomical sites. The mean size of SFT in the oral cavity and maxillofacial region at diagnosis was 1.4 cm. Histologic features of malignancy by morphologic analysis (P &lt; .001) were significantly associated with a larger tumor size. Surgical excision was the most frequent therapeutic modality. Recurrence and metastasis were uncommon findings in our sample.

Conclusions
Histologic features of malignancy can be important parameters of tumor behavior. Adequate surgical treatment and long-term follow-up are required for these cases.
The Impact of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act on Competitiveness, Bribery, and Investment
Authors: Arbatskaya Maria , Mialon Hugo M 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) prohibits U.S.-related firms from making bribes abroad. We analyze the FCPA’s effects in a model of competition between a U.S. and foreign firm for contracts in a host country. If the FCPA only applies to the U.S. firm, it reduces that firm’s competitiveness and either increases bribery by the foreign firm or reduces overall investment. If the FCPA also applies to foreign firms, it reduces total bribery, and in host countries with high corruption levels, it increases total investment. The model suggests that the FCPA will deter bribery and stimulate investment while not disadvantaging U.S. firms if its enforcement is aimed at firms who engaged in bribery in highly corrupt countries and whose main competitors are also subject to the FCPA.
POINT/COUNTER-POINT—Links between traumatic brain injury and dementia remain poorly defined
Authors: Barr William B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
There has been considerable public interest in the topic of traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a risk factor for development of late-life dementia. A review was performed on empirical studies examining the relationship between these two conditions. Although results from a number of studies clearly demonstrate that TBI is a positive risk factor for developing dementia, there are an equivalent number of studies that obtain inconclusive or negative findings. Inconsistencies across studies are often the result of methodological findings including the nature of the investigational design, choice of comparison groups, and criteria used to define cases. In many studies, the diagnosis of TBI is obtained retrospectively in a manner that is subject to bias. Accurate identification of dementia cases is often compromised by the use of inappropriately brief follow-up periods and variations in diagnostic methods. There remains no universally accepted neurobiological mechanism to explain the transition from acute TBI to the chronic effects of dementia. Studies of specialty populations, including athletes and military personnel are beset by secular and cohort effects, raising questions about the applicability of findings to the general population. No existing studies have been able to exclude the possible effects of confounding medical or lifestyle factors in facilitating the onset of dementia following TBI. Although the research findings suggest a general association between TBI and dementia, the specifics of the relationship remain poorly defined.
Defining “Ideal Abs” Through a Crowdsourcing-Based Assessment
Authors: Gould Daniel J , Shauly Orr , Qureshi Ali A , Stevens W Grant 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere were almost 12 million nonsurgical cosmetic procedures performed in the United States in 2016, which represented a 12% increase from the previous year, and popularity is expected to continue rising. Furthermore, nonsurgical fat reduction and body contouring have experienced a dramatic increase in popularity among both men and women. However, there has been very little work focused on the public’s perception of the ideal abdominal muscles.ObjectivesThe authors sought to analyze patient perspectives on ideal abdominal contours and attitudes towards methods of improving the appearance of the abdomen.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional study of 718 random volunteers recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk was conducted. A survey instrument was administered to all study participants to assess the importance of ab symmetry, pec muscle definition, serratus muscle definition, and natural feel.ResultsStudy participants across all ages, gender, ethnicity, and marital status indicated that a 6-pack was the ideal abdominal muscle count. They also rated the symmetry (61.06 ± 1.87) and natural feel of abs (60.72 ± 1.75) as the 2 most important aesthetic features in consideration of ideal abs. Study participants who reported exercising more than twice a week expressed a greater interest in nonsurgical procedures to achieve ideal abs (P = 0.007).Conclusions“Ideal abs” are 6 in number, symmetric, and feel natural. Millennials are much more willing to consider nonsurgical options to achieve ideal abs instead of surgery. Individuals who maintain a high level of fitness are, interestingly, more likely to want ideal abs and nonsurgical methods to achieve them.
Idarucizumab for the treatment of dabigatran-related nephropathy
Authors: Alsamarrai Ammar , Eaddy Nicola , Curry Elizabeth 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Anticoagulant-related nephropathy (ARN) is a clinical syndrome of acute kidney injury in patients taking vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants. It is associated with increased mortality and there is no specific treatment. We report the case of a 78-year-old man on dabigatran who developed macroscopic haematuria and acute kidney injury 2 weeks after mitral valve repair, reaching a peak creatinine of 415 µmol/L from a normal baseline, which was successfully treated with one course of idarucizumab. This case illustrates the efficacy of an anticoagulant reversal agent for the treatment of ARN.
Measurement of Erythrocyte Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Activity with a Centrifugal Analyzer
Authors: Catalano Edward W , Johnson George F , Solomon Harvey M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We describe two improved methods for determination of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. One method is an"enzyme-linked" procedure in which an excess of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase is used to produce two moles of NADPH for each mole of glucose-6-phosphate oxidized. In the other method 2,3-diphosphoglycerate is used to inhibit the variable contribution of endogenous 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in erythrocyte lysates. These assays require 100 µl of blood and are performed on a centrifugal analyzer in a final reaction volume of 410 µl at 37 °C. NADPH formation is monitored at 340 nm. Hemoglobin is measured as oxyhemoglobin in the same reaction mixture used to determine enzyme activity by changing the wavelength to 550 nm. Results are expressed as international units of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity per gram of hemoglobin. The coefficient of correlation between "enzyme-linked" assay and "standard" assay was .992, the slope of the regression line was 1.07, and the intercept was at -0.76. When results of the "enzyme-linked" assay were compared to those of the "nonlinked" assay with added 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, the slope of the regression line was .994, the intercept 0.109, and the correlation coefficient .994.
Evaluation and clinical application of a dextran-charcoal method for measuring bound testosterone in human plasma.
Authors: Tcholakian R K , Jones G M , Sanborn B M , Rodriguez-Rigau L J , Reimondo G G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for rapidly determining bound and free testosterone in human plasma is evaluated and described, in which dextran-coated charcoal is used to separate bound and free testosterone. Intra- and inter-assay CV's were 1.9 and 3.8%, respectively. At least 50% of the "bound" testosterone was associated with species that behaved like sex steroid hormone-binding globulin on Sephadex G-25 chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Bound and free testosterone concentrations were determined in normal men, normal women (during the menstrual cycle and during normal pregnancy), and in women with various degrees of hirsutism. We conclude that determining the circulating proportions of bound and free testosterone is helpful in the diagnostic evaluation of hirsutism in women, and in the investigation of normal and pathological conditions where androgen concentrations may be altered.
Simultaneous liquid-chromatographic quantitation of salicylic acid, salicyluric acid, and gentisic acid in urine.
Authors: Cham B E , Bochner F , Imhoff D M , Johns D , Rowland M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We have developed a specific and sensitive method for the determination of salicylic acid, salicyluric acid, and gentisic acid in urine. Any proteins present are precipitated with methyl cyanide. After centrifugation, an aliquot of the supernate is directly injected into an octadecyl silane reversed-phase chromatographic column, then eluted with a mixture of water, butanol, acetic acid, and sodium sulfate, and quantitated at 313 nm by ultraviolet detection according to peak-height ratios (with internal standard, o-methoxybenzoic acid) or peak heights (no internal standard). The method allows estimates within 25 min. Sensitivity was 0.2 mg/L for gentisic acid, and 0.5 mg/L for both salicyluric and salicylic acid (20-micro L injection volume); response was linear with concentration to at least 2.000 g/L for salicylic acid and metabolites. Analytical recovery of salicylic acid and metabolites from urine is complete. Intra-assay precision (coefficient of variation) is 5.52% at 7.5 mg/L for salicylic acid, 5.01% at 9.33 mg/L for salicyluric acid, and 3.07% at 7.96 mg/L for gentisic acid. Interassay precision is 7.32% at 7.51 mg/L for salicylic acid, 5.52% at 8.58 mg/L for salicyluric acid, and 3.97% at 8.32 mg/L for gentisic acid. We saw no significant interference in urine from patients being treated with various drugs other than aspirin.
Liquid-chromatographic determination of 5-fluorocytosine.
Authors: Miners J O , Foenander T , Birkett D J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report a "high-performance" liquid-chromatographic method for measuring 5-fluorocytosine in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. After deproteinization with trichloroacetic acid, the supernates are chromatographed on a reversed-phase (C18) column. Response to concentration is linear in the range of 5 to 200 mg/L, with ultraviolet detection at 276 nm. The assay requires only 0.1 mL of plasma, is reproducible, and may be performed in less than 12 min. 5-Fluorocytosine concentrations determined by this procedure correlated well with those obtained by spectrofluorometry, although the present method is more specific with no observable interference from co-administered amphotericin B and most other commonly encountered drugs, including salicylat:. This method is applicable to the routine therapeutic monitoring of pediatric and adult patients as well as to pharmacokinetic studies.
Immunoradiometric serum ferritin concentration compared with stainable bone-marrow iron as indices to iron stores.
Authors: Forman D T , Vye M V 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Immunoradiometric analysis has made it possible to measure ferritin reliably in serum. The determination is a sensitive means of assessing body iron because concentrations of ferritin closely parallel the body's reticuloendothelial iron stores. The information provided is similar to that obtained from bone-marrow aspirates or biopsies stained for iron with Prussian Blue. Comparative studies indicate good correlation between iron content in the marrow and serum ferritin, except possibly in patients with leukemia and metastatic tumors to the bone marrow. The clinical value of the assay in relation to other indicators of iron status (i.e., hemoglobin, erythrocyte indices, serum iron and iron-binding capacity, and erythrocyte protoporphyrin) is in its specificity and sensitivity for assaying physiological iron stores.
Use of an alumina column in estimating total iron-binding capacity.
Authors: Starr R T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
I describe a simple, rapid technique for saturating the transferrin in serum and then removing unbound (excess) iron. This technique involves use of an easily prepared column of basic chromatographic alumina and a saturating solution of ferric chloride in citric acid. This method, when compared with the magnesium carbonate method of Ramsay (Clin. Chim. Acta 2: 221, 1957) by regression analysis and tests of precision, showed a negative bias for results by the alumina technique with respect to the magnesium carbonate method.