bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Getting some of that personality: There is an app for that!
Authors: Rao Hill Sally , Carrillat Francois 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhen brands communicate with consumers via interactive medium such as smartphone apps, how do they influence consumers' self‐concepts? This study investigates the effect of branded smartphone app usage on consumer self‐perceptions of personality traits. Our approach relies on a longitudinal experimental design in which self‐perceptions of personality traits are measured at the beginning and at the end of a 4‐week period. During the study period, in the treatment condition consumers use a branded app while in the control condition they used an unbranded app. Brand engagement in the self‐concept and lay theory beliefs (incremental vs. entity) are the measured mediator and moderator, respectively. Branded smartphone app usage alone is enough to lead consumers to update their personality self‐perceptions in line with the personality of the brand. The brand's highly salient and desirable personality trait rubs‐off entity theorists' self‐perceptions by strengthening personality signaling to the self. However, the brand's low saliency and undesirable personality trait fades away from incremental theorists' self‐perceptions without serving as a personality signal to the self. The findings have direct implications for marketers attempting to use branded smartphone apps to influence self‐brand relationships. This paper extends knowledge of how branded apps influence consumers' self‐perceptions of personality. It differentiates the mechanisms through which these effects occur for consumers who have different lay beliefs (i.e., incremental vs. entity) as well as for brands' personality traits with varying levels of saliency and desirability.
Resternotomy and coronary artery bypass grafting after omental flap procedure: A case report
Authors: Sugiyama Kayo , Watanuki Hirotaka , Okada Masaho , Futamura Yasuhiro , Imazu Rintaro , Makino Satoshi , Matsuyama Katsuhiko 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFew studies have reported resternotomy after an omental flap procedure. We describe the case of a 78‐year‐old man who received resternotomy after omental flap procedure for deep sternal wound infection and successfully underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Although preoperative computed tomography showed funnel chest and limited space between the sternum and omentum, resternotomy was performed safely using circular electric sternum saw under partial cardiopulmonary bypass. Because the omentum functioned as cushioning material between the sternum and mediastinal organs, no injuries of the mediastinal organs occurred. An ultrasonic scalpel effectively dissected between the omentum and mediastinal organs, especially above the ascending aorta. The targeted coronary arteries were easily detected. The patient experienced no major cardiac or infectious events for three months. An ultrasonic scalpel is recommended for dissecting between the omentum and mediastinal organs.
Numerical Simulation of Manifold Microchannel Heat Sinks for Thermal Management in a Li‐Ion Battery
Authors: Pan Minqiang , Hu Minglong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe microchannel heat sink is an effective technology for the thermal management of Li‐ion batteries. The overall performance of two heat sinks with improved thermal management of Li‐ion batteries was determined by a numerical simulation model. A manifold microchannel heat sink (MMC) and a traditional microchannel heat sink (TMC) with different aspect ratios of microchannels were developed. Thermal transfer performance and pressure drop characteristics of two heat sinks were compared by Fluent. Results indicate that the temperature uniformity of the TMC is worse than that of the MMC. The total pressure drop of TMC is significantly higher as compared to that of the MMC. Consequently, the MMC has a better overall performance than the TMC.
Mathematical modelling in high school chemistry: Chemical kinetics
Authors: Kraska Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDer Beobachtung, dass Schülerinnen und Schüler häufig nicht den Beitrag anderer Fächer wie der angewandten Mathematik oder Informatik zur Chemie sehen, kann man versuchen entgegenzuwirken, indem man geeignete mathematische Modellierungen im Chemieunterricht einführt. Dabei kann man sich auf solche Themen fokussieren, die üblicherweise bereits Bestandteil der Lehrpläne sind. Hier wird die Kinetik, ein zentrales Thema der Chemie, im Rahmen der Einführung der nukleophilen Substitution als Beispiel herangezogen. Dies erlaubt es, Bezüge zu Unterrichtsinhalten der Mathematik und Informatik herzustellen. Dazu wird die Kinetik durch quantitative Betrachtungen und Simulationen vertieft. Es werden die Zeitgesetze für die Kinetik erster und zweiter Ordnung mit mathematischen Methoden hergeleitet, die in den heutigen Mathematiklehrplänen typischerweise enthalten sind. Mit Hilfe von zwei quantitativ auswertbaren Modellversuchen können sowohl die Differenzialgleichungen als auch ihre Lösung spielerisch veranschaulicht werden. Diese Modellversuche lassen sich zudem in kompakte Computeralgorithmen umsetzen. Die Schülerinnen und Schüler lernen so die unterschiedlichen Methoden Experiment, Herleitung und Simulation zur Gewinnung chemischer Erkenntnisse kennen.
A Picosecond Time‐Resolved Spectroscopic Investigation of the Effect of pH on Morin Fluorescence
Authors: Smortsova Yevheniia , Gaillard Jérémy , Miannay François‐Alexandre , Cornard Jean‐Paul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, we investigated for the first time morin in MeOH at different pH values by picosecond time‐resolved fluorescence. We identified the two species responsible for the fluorescence at low and high pH. The solvated morin‐solvent hydrogen‐bonded complex has been experimentally observed for the first time. We give also the typical fluorescence spectra as well as the fluorescence lifetimes of the probable emitting species. In this work we put forward new insights concerning the contribution of free morin to the fluorescence. We hope that these new data improve the accuracy of the interpretation of the cation:morin complexes titration using fluorescence signal.
Generalized probability density function and applications to the experimental data in electrical circuits and systems
Authors: Özyapıcı Ali , Bilgehan Bülent , Şensoy Zehra B. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe mathematical sciences, and particularly probabilistic and statistical methods, are key to understanding the dependencies of the systems. The purpose of this paper is to encourage a wider recognition by engineers of a new generalized principle which in its mathematical form is a powerful instrument for the solution of practical problems. Generalized probability density function was introduced to permit analysis without pre‐knowledge of the source of the data. The fundamental principles are extended to apply the most related engineering applications without the need to know the type of source generating the data. The generalized model presented eliminates preliminary work in engineering problems. The proposed model introduces an exponential density function to produce a direct solution to randomly varying data. The exponential density function is fully compatible with applications containing randomly distributed data. The success of the generalized model presented is due to the calculated parameters in the exponential density function. The method is applied to various problems chosen from the field of engineering with great success.
Differences in rhizosphere microbial communities between native and non‐native Phragmites australis may depend on stand density
Authors: Bickford Wesley A. , Zak Donald R. , Kowalski Kurt P. , Goldberg Deborah E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMicroorganisms surrounding plant roots may benefit invasive species through enhanced mutualism or decreased antagonism, when compared to surrounding native species. We surveyed the rhizosphere soil microbiome of a prominent invasive plant, Phragmites australis, and its co‐occurring native subspecies for evidence of microbial drivers of invasiveness. If the rhizosphere microbial community is important in driving plant invasions, we hypothesized that non‐native Phragmites would cultivate a different microbiome from native Phragmites, containing fewer pathogens, more mutualists, or both. We surveyed populations of native and non‐native Phragmites across Michigan and Ohio USA, and we described rhizosphere microbial communities using culture‐independent next‐generation sequencing. We found little evidence that native and non‐native Phragmites cultivate distinct bacterial, fungal, or oomycete rhizosphere communities. Microbial community differences in our Michigan survey were not associated with plant lineage but were mainly driven by environmental factors, such as soil saturation and nutrient concentrations. Intensive sampling along transects consisting of dense monocultures of each lineage and mixed zones revealed bacterial community differences between lineages in dense monoculture, but not in mixture. We found no evidence of functional differences in the microbial communities surrounding each lineage. We extrapolate that the invasiveness of non‐native Phragmites, when compared to its native congener, does not result from the differential cultivation of beneficial or antagonistic rhizosphere microorganisms.
Integrative genomic analysis in African American children with asthma finds three novel loci associated with lung function
Authors: Goddard Pagé C. , Keys Kevin L. , Mak Angel C. Y. , Lee Eunice Y. , Liu Amy K. , Samedy‐Bates Lesly‐Anne , Risse‐Adams Oona , Contreras María G. , Elhawary Jennifer R. , Hu Donglei , Huntsman Scott , Oh Sam S. , Salazar Sandra , Eng Celeste , Himes Blanca E. , White Marquitta J. , Burchard Esteban G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBronchodilator (BD) drugs are commonly prescribed for treatment and management of obstructive lung function present with diseases such as asthma. Administration of BD medication can partially or fully restore lung function as measured by pulmonary function tests. The genetics of baseline lung function measures taken before BD medication have been extensively studied, and the genetics of the BD response itself have received some attention. However, few studies have focused on the genetics of post‐BD lung function. To address this gap, we analyzed lung function phenotypes in 1103 subjects from the Study of African Americans, Asthma, Genes, and Environment, a pediatric asthma case–control cohort, using an integrative genomic analysis approach that combined genotype, locus‐specific genetic ancestry, and functional annotation information. We integrated genome‐wide association study (GWAS) results with an admixture mapping scan of three pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], and FEV1/FVC) taken before and after albuterol BD administration on the same subjects, yielding six traits. We identified 18 GWAS loci, and five additional loci from admixture mapping, spanning several known and novel lung function candidate genes. Most loci identified via admixture mapping exhibited wide variation in minor allele frequency across genotyped global populations. Functional fine‐mapping revealed an enrichment of epigenetic annotations from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, fetal lung tissue, and lung fibroblasts. Our results point to three novel potential genetic drivers of pre‐ and post‐BD lung function: ADAMTS1, RAD54B, and EGLN3.
Simultaneous voxel‐wise analysis of brain and spinal cord morphometry and microstructure within the SPM framework
Authors: Azzarito Michela , Kyathanahally Sreenath P. , Balbastre Yaël , Seif Maryam , Blaiotta Claudia , Callaghan Martina F. , Ashburner John , Freund Patrick 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo validate a simultaneous analysis tool for the brain and cervical cord embedded in the statistical parametric mapping (SPM) framework, we compared trauma‐induced macro‐ and microstructural changes in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients to controls. The findings were compared with results obtained from existing processing tools that assess the brain and spinal cord separately. A probabilistic brain‐spinal cord template (BSC) was generated using a generative semi‐supervised modelling approach. The template was incorporated into the pre‐processing pipeline of voxel‐based morphometry and voxel‐based quantification analyses in SPM. This approach was validated on T1‐weighted scans and multiparameter maps, by assessing trauma‐induced changes in SCI patients relative to controls and comparing the findings with the outcome from existing analytical tools. Consistency of the MRI measures was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). The SPM approach using the BSC template revealed trauma‐induced changes across the sensorimotor system in the cord and brain in SCI patients. These changes were confirmed with established approaches covering brain or cord, separately. The ICC in the brain was high within regions of interest, such as the sensorimotor cortices, corticospinal tracts and thalamus. The simultaneous voxel‐wise analysis of brain and cervical spinal cord was performed in a unique SPM‐based framework incorporating pre‐processing and statistical analysis in the same environment. Validation based on a SCI cohort demonstrated that the new processing approach based on the brain and cord is comparable to available processing tools, while offering the advantage of performing the analysis simultaneously across the neuraxis.
Socio‐demographic, behavioural and health‐related characteristics associated with active commuting in a regional Australian state: Evidence from the 2016 Tasmanian Population Health Survey
Authors: Stanesby Oliver , Long Michael , Ball Kylie , Blizzard Leigh , Cocker Fiona , Greaves Stephen , Harpur Siobhan , Johnston Fay , Jose Kim , Marshall Elaine , Palmer Andrew J. , Sharman Melanie , Venn Alison , Williams Julie , Cleland Verity 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIssue addressedPhysical activity is lower and rates of preventable common diseases are higher in regional/rural than urban Australia. Active commuting (walking/bicycling to get from one place to another) may benefit health through increased physical activity, but most evidence of its correlates come from urban studies. This study aimed to investigate associations between active commuting, socio‐demographic characteristics, behaviours, total physical activity and health in a regional/rural Australian state.MethodsThis study used data from the 2016 Tasmanian Population Health Survey, a representative cross‐sectional self‐report survey of 6,300 adults in Tasmania, Australia. Logistic regression modelling investigated associations between socio‐demographic, behavioural and health characteristics and past week active commuting frequency.ResultsIn multivariable models, being younger, having tertiary qualifications, living in a socio‐economically advantaged area, being physically active, having a healthy body mass index and good/excellent self‐rated health were associated with engaging in more active commuting. Inner regional dwellers were no more likely than outer regional dwellers to actively commute after covariate adjustment.ConclusionStrategies to promote active commuting in regional/rural areas might consider targeting older adults, those less educated, those living in socio‐economically disadvantaged areas, those less physically active, those with poorer health and those with higher body mass index. Research could further investigate why these groups appear to be less active for commuting purposes.So what?Increasing physical activity and active commuting may help to reduce rates of preventable common diseases in regional/remote areas.
High Luteinizing Hormone and Lower Levels of Sex Hormones in Younger Men With Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Egund Lisa , Isaksson Sigrid , McGuigan Fiona E , Giwercman Aleksander , Åkesson Kristina E 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the sex steroid hormone profile in younger men with distal radius fracture (DRF) to elucidate if this could explain the low bone density and osteoporosis previously observed. In a case–control study, 73 men with DRF (mean age 38 ± 9 years; range, 20–51) was compared with 194 age‐matched, population controls. Performed assays: total testosterone (TT), calculated free testosterone (cFT), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG), and total estradiol (E2). BMD hip and spine were measured. Fracture cases had lower cFT (298 versus 329 pmol/L; p = 0.008), but not TT, compared with controls. FSH and SHBG were not statistically different. LH was almost 30% higher (5.7 versus 4.5 IU/L; p < 0.001) and a lower E2 was observed (80.0 versus 87.1; p = 0.098). Men with DRF had a lower E2/SHBG ratio compared with controls (2.3 versus 2.9; p = 0.013). A higher proportion of the fracture group had low TT (<10.5 nmol/L; 21% versus 11%; p = 0.052), low cFT (<220 pmol/L; 18% versus 8%; p = 0.017), and low E2 (<73 pmol/L; 48% versus 35%; p = 0.044). Odds ratio (OR) for fracture when having low cFT was 2.3 (95% CI, 1.02–5.49; p = 0.044); with low E2, the OR was 1.7 (95% CI, 0.96–2.96). In this study in young men with DRF exploring sex hormone levels, we find that sex hormone profiles may be disturbed with a lower E2/SHBG ratio, lower cFT, and higher LH. Estrogen is also a strong determinant of bone mass in men; hence, low levels of E2 may be contributing to the observed lower BMD and these differences may be relevant to fracture risk. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Mir‐488 alleviates chemoresistance and glycolysis of colorectal cancer by targeting PFKFB3
Authors: Deng Xiaojing , Li Dapeng , Ke Xiquan , Wang Qizhi , Yan Shanjun , Xue Yongju , Wang Qiangwu , Zheng Hailun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundConsidering the boosting effect of glycolysis on tumor chemoresistance, this investigation aimed at exploring whether miR‐488/PFKFB3 axis might reduce drug resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) by affecting glycolysis, proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells.MethodTotally, 288 CRC patients were divided into metastasis/recurrence group (n = 107) and non‐metastasis/recurrence group (n = 181) according to their prognosis about 1 year after the chemotherapy, and their 3‐year overall survival was also tracked. Besides, miR‐488 expression was determined in peripheral blood of CRC patients and also in CRC cell lines (ie, W620, HT‐29, Lovo, and HCT116). The targeted relationship between miR‐488 and PFKFB3 was predicted by Targetscan software and confirmed by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Moreover, glycolysis and drug tolerance of CRC cells lines were assessed.ResultsMiR‐488 expression was significantly decreased in metastatic/recurrent CRC patients than those without metastasis/recurrence (P < .05), and lowly expressed miR‐488 was suggestive of unfavorable 3‐year survival, large tumor size, poor differentiation, in‐depth infiltration, and advanced Duke stage of CRC patients (P < .05). Besides, CRC cell lines transfected by miR‐488 mimic demonstrated decreases in glucose uptake and lactate secretion, increases in oxaliplatin/5‐Fu‐sensistivity, as well as diminished capability of proliferating, invading, and migratory (P < .05), which were reversible by extra transfection of pcDNA3.1‐PFKFB3 (ie, miR‐488 mimic + pcDNA3.1‐PFKFB3 group). Finally, the mRNA level of PFKFB3 was down‐regulated by miR‐488 mimic in CRC cell lines after being targeted by it (P < .05).ConclusionThe miR‐488/PFKFB3 axis might clinically refine chemotherapeutic efficacy of CRC, given its modifying glycolysis and metastasis of CRC cells.
A new two‐dimensional sonographic approach to the assessment of the fetal hard and soft palates
Authors: Frisova Veronika , Cojocaru Liviu , Turan Shifa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFacial clefts are among the most common congenital defects. Ultrasound (US) imaging of secondary fetal palate, especially the detection of isolated defects, remains challenging. Currently described two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional methods are technically demanding and impractical for application during routine fetal anatomy evaluation. As an adjunct method, magnetic resonance imaging can provide additional information but has its limitations. We present a novel 2D US approach using axial and sagittal planes to evaluate the fetal palate and demonstrate the main differences between an intact palate, isolated cleft palate, and a cleft lip with cleft palate.
Examining trends in multiple parameters of seasonally‐relative extreme temperature and dew point events across North America
Authors: Lee Cameron C. , Obarein Omon , Sheridan Scott C. , Smith Erik T. , Adams Ryan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractConcurrent with the background rise in global mean temperatures, changes in extreme events are also becoming evident, and are arguably more impactful on society. This research examines trends in three components of seasonally‐relative extreme temperature and humidity events in North America that directly influence human thermal comfort: event frequency, duration, and areal extent. Results indicate that for the majority of the study domain, changes in these events are in the expected direction with changes in means. Extreme heat events are generally increasing throughout the domain, with the largest changes in summer and autumn in the eastern portion of Canada and the United States. Cold events are largely decreasing in these same locations and seasons, with additional widespread decreases in winter. Interestingly, significant increases in cold events are also evident in autumn in parts of the western United States. Extreme humidity events are showing an even greater change than temperature events – nearly all of Canada and most of the United States is seeing significant increases in extreme humid events and decreases in dry events, while the southwestern deserts show widespread significant increases in dry events, especially in winter and spring. Changes in event duration and spatial extent mimic these results. Importantly, this research demonstrates that there are regions that show changes to extreme events that differ from the overall changes in means, highlighting the importance of looking beyond climate averages to examine not only extreme events, but changes in higher‐order statistical moments.