bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel bamboo sheet chair and its influence on sitting comfort
Authors: Yuan Fangcheng , Guo Yong , Shi Yunjiao , Zhang Kaiting , Zhu Zhenzhen , Chen Yuxia 
Published: July 2020

Background
In today’s economy, workers spend increasingly more time in seated positions, leading to a growing scientific interest in chair design. In this study we used body pressure distribution tests to compare a novel bamboo chair with unique structural features to other commonly-used chairs. We studied the bamboo sheet chair’s physical characteristics and comfort to provide a scientific theoretical basis for common use seat design.

Methods
A total of 25 (14 male and 11 female) subjects participated in the study. Subjects were divided into six groups according to their body characteristics parameters included stature, weight, shoulder breadth, hip breadth, waist width, popliteal height, buttocks-popliteal length, and buttock-abdomen depth, with three groups for males and three groups for females. Each subject was required to complete specified body pressure tests for three different experimental chairs for three minutes and subjective comfort evaluations were also administered. The pressure indexes were measured from the seat pan and backrest and calculated with MATLAB 2015b, which mainly included maximum pressure (Pm), average pressure (Pa), pressure exponent (Pe) and contact area index (PAI). Three pressure threshold limits of 0.67 kPa, 4.00 kPa and 9.33 kPa and four contact surface indexes were used in the experiment to reflect the contact area between human and chair.

Results
The contact areas in the backrest (52.96 ± 32.94 cm2) and seat pan (307.75 ± 90.31 cm2) in the middle-to-high threshold pressure range, and the contact areas of the backrest (4.34 ± 5.95 cm2) in the high threshold pressure range of bamboo sheet chair were smaller than the corresponding indexes of the common office chair (81.430 ± 45.04 cm2, p = 0.00; 394.39 ± 98.99 cm2, p = 0.02; 13.54 ± 12.00 cm2, p = 0.00, respectively). The pressure index (2.68 ± 0.88 kPa), maximum pressure (6.66 ± 2.05 kPa), and average pressure (2.42 ± 0.59 kPa) values of the bamboo sheet chair backrest were also found to be lower than those of the office chair (4.32 ± 1.62 kPa, p = 0.00; 10.50 ± 3.88 kPa, p = 0.00; 3.43 ± 0.97 kPa, p = 0.00, respectively). The average pressure on the seat pan was greater than 4 kPa for all subjects, while the average pressure on the seat pan was greater than 9.33 kPa for male subjects with a body mass index (BMI) of 27.48.

Discussion
The bamboo sheet chair’s contact areas within the middle-to-high and high-pressure threshold ranges of the backrest and seat pan were smaller than those of the office chair, indicating that the bamboo sheet chair is effective at relieving pressure. Human body characteristics must be considered in the design of seat functional size. Buttocks-popliteal length, weight, body mass index, body shape and weight distribution, all have important effects on the distribution of body pressure at the human-chair interface.
Application of Response Surface Methodology for optimization ofbivalent extraction from Pomegranate Peel
Authors: Dnyaneshwar Andhale Shubham , Ashokrao Bhoite Anjali , Changdeo Dagadkhair Amol , Vasant Chavan Yogita 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT In present study, an ideal bivalent extraction system was selected and optimized for phenolic extraction of pomegranate peel .Study reported ethanol: ether bivalent solvent system with phenolic content having potent antioxidant activity. Selected bivalent system was optimized for extraction using response surface methodology (RSM). A Box–Behnken design was employed to analyze the effects of variables (temperature, time and peel concentration) on the extraction of total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity (FRAP). The optimization study suggested extraction with 2.9% pomegranate peel for 8 hours at 40 OC was found the best for extraction of phenolic compound with potent antioxidant activity. RSM was shown to be an adequate approach for modeling the extraction of phenolic compounds from pomegranate peel.The pomegranate peel was extracted using optimized parameters and extract was concentrated in rotary vacuum evaporator at 45 oC for 6 hours. The concentrated extract was used to formulate antioxidant enriched ice cream product. The ice–cream formulation containing 1% of peel extract was found to be more acceptable in terms of sensory parameters. Proximate analysis of acceptable formulation reveals 3.54% protein, 3.51% fat, 22.24% carbohydrate, 0.83% ash, and 69.88% moisture, however62.871 DPPH % inhibition and 84.96 mg/100ml of AAE, FRAP activity and 363.266 mg/100 ml of GAE phenolic content was also reported with ice cream enriched with 1%peel extract Results shown the antioxidant enriched ice cream could be formulated using extract of pomegranate peel powder with good sensory properties.
DIFICULDADES ENFRENTADAS PELOS PEDAGOGOS NO COTIDIANO ESCOLAR: UM OLHAR A PARTIR DAS POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Ferreira Jacques Lima , Haddad Cristhyane Ramos , Chupil Priscila 
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Esta investigação apresenta uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratória que foi realizada com 103 Pedagogos de diversos colégios estaduais da cidade de Curitiba. Teve o objetivo de identificar e analisar as dificuldades que os Pedagogos enfrentam no cotidiano escolar a partir do trabalho desenvolvido por este profissional da educação. Os dados analisados foram coletados a partir de um questionário Onlinee analisados na perspectiva de Bardin (2011), juntamente com o auxílio do software Atlas Ti. A análise de dados permitiu caracterizar que as dificuldades mais frequentes enfrentadas pelo Pedagogo no cotidiano escolar são: inclusão escolar; violência; aprendizagem e comportamento dos alunos; na relação com os professores e de realizar seu papel na escola.Palavras-chave: Cotidiano escolar. Dificuldades. Pedagogo.
Prediction of Weld Bead Geometry of Mild Steel Using Taguchi Technique and Multiple Regression Analysis
Authors: Odinikuku William E. , Udumebraye Joseph E. , Atadious David 
Published: July 2020

The weld bead geometry is very important in predicting the quality of weld as cooling rate of the weld depends on it. For this purpose, the Taguchi technique was applied to determine optimum process parameters of weld bead geometry in submerged arc welding. The study involves using Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal arrays to conduct nine experiments on a 6 mm plate of IS2062 grade mild steel by using SKU MIL-SubArc AC/DC submerged arc welding machine with constant voltage. Three-levels of the four process parameters- arc voltage, welding current, welding speed and electrode stick out were considered and their effect on weld bead geometry−bead width, depth of penetration and weld reinforcement was observed. The signal to noise ratios was computed to determine the optimum parameters. From the results obtained, optimum process parameters of , and was suggested for weld bead width, weld penetration and weld reinforcement respectively. Regression analysis is done to establish the relationship between the input parameters and geometrical parameters of weld bead. The proposed mathematical model can be used to predict bead width, weld penetration and weld reinforcement values for any given SAW welding conditions.
Analysis of Reported E-prescribing Medication Administration Errors at King Saud Medical City, Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional, Retrospective Study
Authors: Dossari Dalal Salem Al- , Alnami Mohammed Ibrahim , Qureshi Naseem Akhtar 
Published: July 2020

Background: Drug prescription error is a medication error that most frequently happens in healthcare organizations and adversely affects the healthcare consumers. Most medication errors (MEs) but not all are captured and corrected before reaching the patient by designed system controls. Medication administration errors (MAEs) mostly are made by nurses but frequently reported by clinical pharmacists in hospitals in Saudi Arabia.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze exclusively the voluntarily reported drug administration errors in a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh city.
Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective study evaluated consecutively collected medication administration report forms over a period of one year from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015.
Results: The number of MAEs occurring during stage of drug administration constituted 7.1% (n=971) of total medication errors (n=13677). The maximum number of MEs (n=6838, 50%) and MAEs (n=455, 46.9%) occurred during the 4th quarter of the year 2015. The most common MAE happened to be category C (n=888, 91.5%) which means error occurred, reached the patient but without causing any harm. Concerning MAE types, the most common error included wrong frequency (40%) followed by wrong drug (17%), wrong time of administration (16%) and wrong rate of infusion (10%). Nurses made the most of the errors (92.2%) while the clinical pharmacists reported the most MAEs (75.5%). High alert medications (HAM) errors constituted 32.3% (n=314) of MAEs (n=971) and most common HAM errors included the wrong route of administration of Lanus Insulin (15%) followed by Insulin Aspart (15%), Enoxaparin (13%) and Insulin Protamine-Nvomix (12%). Look-alike and sound-alike (LASA) errors constituted 55.2% of MAEs (971/536) and most common LASA drugs identified were Gentamycin (13%), Insulin Mixtard (11%), NPH Insulin (8%) Intralipid vial (8%) and Insulin regular (6%).
Conclusion: This retrospective study provides some important tentative pharmacovigilance insights into MAEs, which are partially comparable with current international trends in drug administration errors. Further studies on MAEs are warranted not only in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia but also other Gulf countries.
Neuronal RNA‐binding protein dysfunction in multiple sclerosis cortex
Authors: Salapa Hannah E. , Hutchinson Catherine , Popescu Bogdan F. , Levin Michael C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveNeurodegeneration is thought to be the primary cause of neurological disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Dysfunctional RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) including their mislocalization from nucleus to cytoplasm, stress granule formation, and altered RNA metabolism have been found to underlie neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Yet, little is known about the role of dysfunctional RBPs in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration in MS. As a follow‐up to our seminal finding of altered RBP function in a single case of MS, we posited that there would be evidence of RBP dysfunction in cortical neurons in MS.MethodsCortical neurons from 12 MS and six control cases were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) and TAR‐DNA‐binding protein‐43 (TDP‐43). Seven distinct neuronal phenotypes were identified based on the nucleocytoplasmic staining of these RBPs. Statistical analyses were performed by analyzing each phenotype in relation to MS versus controls.ResultsAnalyses revealed a continuum of hnRNP A1 and TDP‐43 nucleocytoplasmic staining was found in cortical neurons, from neurons with entirely nuclear staining with little cytoplasmic staining in contrast to those with complete nuclear depletion of RBPs concurrent with robust cytoplasmic staining. The neuronal phenotypes that showed the most nucleocytoplasmic mislocalization of hnRNP A1 and TDP‐43 statistically distinguished MS from control cases (P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively).InterpretationThe discovery of hnRNP A1 and TDP‐43 nucleocytoplasmic mislocalization in neurons in MS brain demonstrate that dysfunctional RBPs may play a role in neurodegeneration in MS, as they do in other neurological diseases.
Retraction: 3D Printing of Bilineage Constructive Biomaterials for Bone and Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Deng Cuijun , Yao Qingqiang , Feng Chun , Li Jiayi , Wang Liming , Cheng Guofeng , Shi Mengchao , Chen Lei , Chang Jiang , Wu Chengtie 
Published: July 2020

Adv. Funct. Mater. 2017, 27, 1703117DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201703117The above article, first published online on 31 July 2017 in Wiley Online Library (https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201703117) and corrected on 19 March 2019 (https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201900376) has been retracted by agreement with the authors, the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, and Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. The retraction has been agreed upon due to several flawed figures as published in the article, containing duplicate images, which calls the validity of these data into question.ReferenceC. Deng, Q. Yao, C. Feng, J. Li, L. Wang, G. Cheng, M. Shi, L. Chen, J. Chang, C. Wu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2017, 27, 1703117.
Selection of a Full Agonist Combinatorial Antibody that Rescues Leptin Deficiency In Vivo
Authors: Tao Pingdong , Kuang Yuanyuan , Li Yu , Li Wenping , Gao Zibei , Liu Lili , Qiang Min , Zha Zhao , Fan Kun , Ma Peixiang , Friedman Jeffrey M. , Yang Guang , Lerner Richard A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGrowth factor deficiency in adulthood constitutes a distinct clinical syndrome with significant morbidities including abnormal body composition, reduced energy, affective disturbances, dyslipidemia, and increased cardiovascular risk. Protein replacement therapies using recombinant proteins or enzymes represent the only approved treatment. Combinatorial antibodies have shown great promise as a new class of therapeutic molecules because they act as “mechanism‐based antibodies” with both agonist and antagonist activities. Using leptin, a key hormone in energy metabolism, as an example, a function‐guided approach is developed to select combinatorial antibodies with high potency and full agonist activity that substitute natural growth factors in vivo. The identified antibody shows identical biochemical properties and cellular profiles as leptin, and rescues leptin‐deficiency in ob/ob mice. Remarkably, the antibody activates leptin receptors that are otherwise nonfunctional because of mutations (L372A and A409E). Combinatorial antibodies have significant advantages over recombinant proteins for chronical usage in terms of immunological tolerance and biological stability.
Laser‐Assisted Ultrafast Exfoliation of Black Phosphorus in Liquid with Tunable Thickness for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zheng Weiran , Lee Jeongyeon , Gao Zhi‐Wen , Li Yong , Lin Shenghuang , Lau Shu Ping , Lee Lawrence Yoon Suk 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFew‐layer black phosphorus (BP) is an emerging 2D material suitable for energy applications. However, its controllable preparation remains challenging. Herein, a highly efficient route is presented for the scalable production of few‐layered BP nanosheets using a pulsed laser in low‐boiling point solvents. Changing the laser irradiation time, energy, and solvent type leads to precise control over the layer number and lateral size of the nanosheets with a narrow distribution. The process is understood by a plasma quenching mechanism and interlayer interaction weakened by the in situ generated vapor bubbles. The excellent control of the BP nanosheets enables morphological effects on Li‐ion battery performance to be studied. Low layer numbers benefit both charge transfer and Li+ ion diffusion, while a high aspect ratio can not only improve the charge transfer but also increase the Li+ ion diffusion path. This study delivers insights on the tailored fabrication of thin 2D materials using lasers for morphology‐dependent electrochemical energy conversion and storage.
Die Atomlagenabscheidung von Cobaltphosphid zum Zwecke einer effizienten Wasserspaltung
Authors: Zhang Haojie , Hagen Dirk J. , Li Xiaopeng , Graff Andreas , Heyroth Frank , Fuhrmann Bodo , Kostanovskiy Ilya , Schweizer Stefan L. , Caddeo Francesco , Maijenburg A. Wouter , Parkin Stuart , Wehrspohn Ralf B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWir berichten von der erstmaligen erfolgreichen Herstellung von Übergangsmetallphosphiden (TMP) mittels Atomlagenabscheidung (ALD). Ultradünne Co‐P Filme wurden mit PH3‐Plasma als der Phosphorquelle und einem zusätzlichen H2‐Plasma‐Schritt, der zum Entfernen von überschüssigem P aus den wachsenden Schichten dient, abgeschieden. Der optimierte ALD‐Prozess folgte dem selbstsättigenden Schicht‐für‐Schicht‐Wachstumsverhalten und die abgeschiedenen Co‐P‐Filme zeichneten sich durch hohe Reinheit und Glätte aus. Die mittels ALD abgeschiedenen Co‐P‐Filme zeigten bessere elektrochemische und photoelektrochemische Aktivitäten für die Wasserstoffentwicklungsreaktion als gleichartige Co‐P‐Filme, die mit der traditionellen Postphosphorisierungsmethode hergestellt wurden. Außerdem zeigen wir die Abscheidung in periodische Furchen. Dies demonstriert das breite und vielversprechende Anwendungspotential dieses ALD‐Prozesses für die gleichmäßige Beschichtung komplexer dreidimensionaler (3D) Strukturen mit TMP‐Filmen.
Making and Breaking Leupeptin Protease Inhibitors in Pathogenic Gammaproteobacteria
Authors: Li Jhe‐Hao , Oh Joonseok , Kienesberger Sabine , Kim Nam Yoon , Clarke David J. , Zechner Ellen L. , Crawford Jason M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLeupeptin is a bacterial small molecule that is used worldwide as a protease inhibitor. However, its biosynthesis and genetic distribution remain unknown. We identified a family of leupeptins in gammaproteobacterial pathogens, including Photorhabdus, Xenorhabdus, and Klebsiella species, amongst others. Through genetic, metabolomic, and heterologous expression analyses, we established their construction by discretely expressed ligases and accessory enzymes. In Photorhabdus species, a hypothetical protein required for colonizing nematode hosts was established as a new class of proteases. This enzyme cleaved the tripeptide aldehyde protease inhibitors, leading to the formation of “pro‐pyrazinones” featuring a hetero‐tricyclic architecture. In Klebsiella oxytoca, the pathway was enriched in clinical isolates associated with respiratory tract infections. Thus, the bacterial production and proteolytic degradation of leupeptins can be associated with animal colonization phenotypes.
Template‐basierte Herstellung von 2D‐photonischen Superkristallen mit verstärkter spontaner Emission aus CsPbBr3‐Perowskit‐Nanokristallen
Authors: Vila‐Liarte David , Feil Maximilian W. , Manzi Aurora , Garcia‐Pomar Juan Luis , Huang He , Döblinger Markus , Liz‐Marzán Luis M , Feldmann Jochen , Polavarapu Lakshminarayana , Mihi Agustín 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPerowskit‐Nanokristalle (NCs) haben durch ihre vielfältigen optischen Eigenschaften das Feld optoelektronischer Bauelemente revolutioniert. Die Kontrolle und Erweiterung dieser Anwendungen erforderten jedoch oft eine bessere Strategie des Lichtmanagements. Wir zeigen in dieser Studie eine einfache Herangehensweise zur Konstruktion einer photonischen Architektur aus Perowskit‐Nanokristallen. Durch die direkte Anpassung des Materials wird die elektromagnetische Feldverteilung beeinflusst. Vorgefertigte Polydimethylsiloxan (PDMS)‐Templates werden zur Selbstorganisation von CsPbBr3‐Perowskit‐NCs einer Größe von 10 nm in großflächige (1 cm2) 2D‐photonische Kristalle mit einstellbarer Gitterkonstante (400–1700 nm) verwendet. Der photonische Kristall erleichtert die effiziente Kopplung des Lichts mit der Nanokristallschicht. Dabei wird das elektrische Feld im Nanokristallfilm verstärkt. Daraus resultierend zeigt der 2D‐photonische CsPbBr3‐Kristall im Gegensatz zu einem flachen Film von ungeordneten Nanokristallen verstärkte spontane Emission bei niedrigen optischen Anregungsintensitäten im nahen Infrarot‐Bereich. Dies wird einer verbesserten Mehrphotonen‐Absorption zugeschrieben, die durch das Einfangen des Lichts im photonischen Kristall verbessert wird.
Cs[Cl3F10]: Eine Verbindung mit propellerförmigem [Cl3F10]−‐Anion, die im außergewöhnlichen A[5]B[5]‐Strukturtyp kristallisiert
Authors: Scheibe Benjamin , Karttunen Antti J. , Müller Ulrich , Kraus Florian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWird CsF mit flüssigem ClF3 im Überschuss umgesetzt, so kann das Salz Cs[Cl3F10] erhalten werden. Es enthält ein molekulares, propellerförmiges [Cl3F10]−‐Anion, in dem drei T‐förmig gebaute ClF3‐Moleküle an ein zentrales und somit μ3‐verbrückendes F‐Atom koordinieren. Dieses Heteropolyhalogenidanion stellt das erste Beispiel eines Interhalogenanions mit höherem ClF3‐Gehalt als dem [ClF4]−‐Anion dar. Weiterhin ist es die erste chlorhaltige Interhalogenspezies in der ein verbrückendes Fluoratom vorliegt. Die chemischen Bindungen zu diesem zentralen μ3‐F‐Atom sind praktisch ionisch und offenbar recht schwach, da die X‐F‐Bindungslängen (X=Cl, und auch berechnet für Br, I) der koordinierenden XF3‐Einheiten im Vergleich zu denen freier XF3‐Moleküle praktisch unverändert sind. Cs[Cl3F10] kristallisiert in einem bisher äußerst selten beobachteten A[5]B[5]‐Strukturtyp, in dem Kationen und Anionen jeweils pseudohexagonal gepackt vorliegen. Die Ionen weisen die Koordinationszahl fünf auf und befinden sich jeweils in den trigonal‐bipyramidalen Lücken der Packung der anderen Ionensorte.
Electron Microscopy Studies of Local Structural Modulations in Zeolite Crystals
Authors: Zhang Qing , Mayoral Alvaro , Li Junyan , Ruan Juanfang , Alfredsson Viveka , Ma Yanhang , Yu Jihong , Terasaki Osamu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractZeolites are widely used in catalysis, gas separation, ion exchange, etc. due to their superior physicochemical properties, which are closely related to specific features of their framework structures. Although more than two hundred different framework types have been recognized, it is of great interest to explore from a crystallographic perspective, the atomic positions, surface terminations, pore connectivity and structural defects that deviate from the ideal framework structures, namely local structural modulation. In this article, we review different types of local modulations in zeolite frameworks using various techniques, especially electron microscopy (EM). The most recent advances in resolving structural information at the atomic level with aberration corrected EM are also presented, commencing a new era of gaining atomic structural information, not only for all tetrahedral atoms including point vacancies in framework but also for extra‐framework cations and surface terminations.
Atomic Layer Deposition of Cobalt Phosphide for Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Haojie , Hagen Dirk J. , Li Xiaopeng , Graff Andreas , Heyroth Frank , Fuhrmann Bodo , Kostanovskiy Ilya , Schweizer Stefan L. , Caddeo Francesco , Maijenburg A. Wouter , Parkin Stuart , Wehrspohn Ralf B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTransition‐metal phosphides (TMP) prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) are reported for the first time. Ultrathin Co‐P films were deposited by using PH3 plasma as the phosphorus source and an extra H2 plasma step to remove excess P in the growing films. The optimized ALD process proceeded by self‐limited layer‐by‐layer growth, and the deposited Co‐P films were highly pure and smooth. The Co‐P films deposited via ALD exhibited better electrochemical and photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activities than similar Co‐P films prepared by the traditional post‐phosphorization method. Moreover, the deposition of ultrathin Co‐P films on periodic trenches was demonstrated, which highlights the broad and promising potential application of this ALD process for a conformal coating of TMP films on complex three‐dimensional (3D) architectures.