bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Européistes contre universalistes. Les milieux académiques et la fondation de l’« université européenne »
Authors: Pasquinucci Daniele 
Published: August 2020

Le traité instituant la Communauté européenne de l’énergie atomique (Euratom), signé à Rome en mars 1957, prévoyait la création d’un « institut universitaire européen », ayant pour tâche de former l’élite dirigeante des institutions communautaires en train de se mettre en place. Une part importante du monde académique adopta immédiatement une attitude de refus. Il ne s’agissait pas d’une manifestation d’antieuropéisme idéologique, mais plutôt d’une crainte que l’« européisation des études » encouragée par les institutions de la CEE ne mette en péril l’autonomie de la recherche et de l’enseignement universitaires. Les critiques du milieu académique constituèrent l’arrière-plan des longues et complexes négociations qui ne se conclurent qu’en 1976, avec la naissance de l’Institut universitaire européen de Florence.
Autoantibody Responses to Apolipoprotein A-I Are Not Diet- or Sex-Linked in C57BL/6 Mice
Authors: Pitts Michelle G , Nardo David , Isom Cierra M , Venditto Vincent J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Atherosclerosis is responsible for a large percentage of all-cause mortality worldwide, but it is only now beginning to be understood as a complex disease process involving metabolic insult, chronic inflammation, and multiple immune mechanisms. Abs targeting apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) have been found in patients with cardiovascular disease, autoimmune conditions, as well as those with no documented history of either. However, relatively little is known about how these Abs are generated and their relationship to diet and sex. In the current study, we modeled this aspect of autoimmunity using anti–ApoA-I immunization of male and female C57BL/6 mice. Unexpectedly, we found that autoantibodies directed against a single, previously unknown, epitope within the ApoA-I protein developed irrespective of immunization status or dyslipidemia in mice. When total IgG subclasses were analyzed over the course of time, we observed that rather than driving an increase in inflammatory IgG subclasses, consumption of Western diet suppressed age-dependent increases in IgG2b and IgG2c in male mice only. The lack of change observed in female mice suggested that diet and sex might play a combined role in Th1/Th2 balance and, ultimately, in immunity to pathogen challenge. This report demonstrates the need for inclusion of both sexes in studies pertaining to diet and aging and suggests that further study of immunogenic epitopes present in ApoA-I is warranted.
Ascorbic Acid Promotes KIR Demethylation during Early NK Cell Differentiation
Authors: Wu Cheng-Ying , Zhang Bin , Kim Hansol , Anderson Stephen K. , Miller Jeffrey S. , Cichocki Frank 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Variegated expression of killer Ig-like receptors (KIR) in human NK cells is a stochastic process exclusive to subsets of mature NK cells and CD8+ T cells. Allele-specific KIR expression is maintained by DNA methylation within the proximal promoter regions. Because KIR genes are densely methylated in NK cell progenitors, there is an implied stage of human NK cell development in which DNA demethylation takes place to allow for active transcription. When and how this process occurs is unknown. In this study, we show that KIR proximal promoters are densely methylated in less mature CD56bright NK cells and are progressively demethylated in CD56dim NK cells as they mature and acquire KIR. We hypothesized that ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, which oxidize 5mC on DNA could mediate KIR promoter demethylation. The catalytic efficiency of TET enzymes is known to be enhanced by ascorbic acid. We found that the addition of ascorbic acid to ex vivo culture of sorted CD56bright NK cells increased the frequency of KIR expression in a dose-dependent manner and facilitated demethylation of proximal promoters. A marked enrichment of the transcription factor Runx3 as well as TET2 and TET3 was observed within proximal KIR promoters in CD56bright NK cells cultured with ascorbic acid. Additionally, overexpression of TET3 and Runx3 promoted KIR expression in CD56bright NK cells and NK-92 cells. Our results show that KIR promoter demethylation can be induced in CD56bright, and this process is facilitated by ascorbic acid.
Complement Activation and Thrombin Generation by MBL Bound to β2-Glycoprotein I
Authors: Durigutto Paolo , Macor Paolo , Pozzi Nicola , Agostinis Chiara , Bossi Fleur , Meroni Pier Luigi , Grossi Claudia , Borghi Maria O. , Planer William , Garred Peter , Tedesco Francesco 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
β2-Glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) is an abundant plasma glycoprotein with unknown physiological function and is currently recognized as the main target of antiphospholipid Abs responsible for complement activation and vascular thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). In this study, we provide evidence that mannose-binding lectin (MBL) binds to β2-GPI in Ca++ and a dose-dependent manner and that this interaction activates complement and promotes complement-dependent thrombin generation. Surprisingly, a significant binding was observed between MBL and isolated domains II and IV of β2-GPI, whereas the carbohydrate chains, domain I and domain V, were not involved in the interaction, documenting a noncanonical binding mode between MBL and β2-GPI. Importantly, this interaction may occur on endothelial cells because binding of MBL to β2-GPI was detected on the surface of HUVECs, and colocalization of MBL with β2-GPI was observed on the endothelium of a biopsy specimen of a femoral artery from an APS patient. Because β2-GPI–mediated MBL-dependent thrombin generation was increased after priming the endothelium with TNF-α, our data suggests that this mechanism could play an important yet unrecognized role under physiological conditions and may be upregulated in pathological situations. Moreover, the complement activation and the procoagulant effects of the β2-GPI/MBL complex may contribute to amplify similar activities of anti–β2-GPI Abs in APS and possibly act independently of Abs, raising the issue of developing appropriate therapies to avoid recurrences and disability in patients at risk for these clinical conditions.
Production and management of goat rearing in rural areas of Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Nwachukwu C.U. , Berekwu N. 
Published: August 2020

This study assessed production and management practices of indigenous goat rearing in the rural communities of Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State. Data were collected from 150 goat farmers in Ezinihitte Mbaise with the use of structured questionnaire in 2014 for data collection. The questionnaire was on the socio-economic characteristics of goat farmers, factors influencing and constraints on production and management of goat rearing. The mean age of goat farmers was 51 years and 86 percent were males. The farmers’ level of education was primary education (60%), secondary education (22%), and tertiary education (18%). Majority (52%) of the household size were 4-7 persons with mean household size of 4 persons. Farming experience was mostly short (62%) having only 1-5 years. The result showed that coefficient of age, farm size, educational level, household size and years of experiences were the factors that influenced goat production and management in the study area. Farm size, family labour and capital were shown to be crucially important for goat production and management. The farmers had an over-utilized resource in goat production and a decrease in resources increased proportional output. Most of the farmers practisedextensivesystem of production as the most commonly used system by goat farmers. Poor veterinary services, inadequate skilled labour, poor housing facilities, poor road network, market problems, high disease and pest incidence, high cost of animal drugs, and feeds are the constraints faced by goat farmers. The study recommends strong efforts to educate and retain the experienced goat farmers to ensure increase output and productivity.
Key words: goat rearing, production, management, constraints
Evaluation of Perception, Attitude, and Impact of Club-house Noise Pollution on Mental Health of Individuals Living within Proximity of Club-houses in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Omogbiya A.I. , Moke E.G. , Ojieh A.E. , Enaohwo M.T. , Umukoro E.K. , Anachuna K.K. , Omilo C.U. 
Published: August 2020

Noise pollution is becoming a major public health concern with all of its potential biological, social, physiological and psychological effects on the body. This study evaluated the perception, attitude, and impact of noise pollution from club houses on the mental health of individuals living within proximity of club houses in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was conducted among 400 randomly selected respondents who resided within proximity to nine different club houses. A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study and the data was presented as percentage using descriptive statistics. The respondents of this study (400) had a mean age of 25.06 (± 0.62), most were students (78%) and majority were single (84.5%). Most respondents (50.75%) reported that noise generated from these club houses were in forms of party noise (50.75%) and loud music (49.5%) occurring mostly at night. A larger proportion (84%) of the respondents reported inability to cope with the noise, and 91.75% reported that their sleep was affected by noise. The noise resulted in depression in fewer respondents (33.5%), although most respondents experienced nervousness (59.25%), headache (87.75%), fear (71.5%), and were stressed (75.25%) as a result of the noise. Sleep disorders, anxiety and depressive symptoms were more prevalent in people living in the vicinity of high noise generation than people who reside further away.
Keywords: Mental health, depression, aggressiveness, club house noise, proximity.
Extraction and Estimation of Pectins from Unripe, Ripe and Overripe Banana (<I>Musa Acuminata L.</I>) and Plantain (<I>Musa Paradisiaca L.</I>) Peels and their Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Oyawaluja A.A. , Oiseoghaede J.O. , Odukoya O.A. , Aluko T.E. 
Published: August 2020

Background: Pectin has several unique properties that enabled it to be use as a matrix for entrapment and/or delivery of a variety of drugs, proteins and cells. They are used in pharmaceutical as carriers in drug delivery, and in the treatment of various disease conditions.Objectives: This study aimed at determining percentage yield of pectin, extracted from unripe, ripe, and overripe Banana (Musa acuminata L. Musaceae) and Plantain (Musa paradisiaca L. Musaceae) peels and to evaluate their antioxidant activities.Materials and Method: Pectins were extracted from the stated samples using conventional extraction method involving alcohol precipitation, and the percentage yields were calculated. The DPPH antiradical activity and reducing capacity was assayed, using Ascorbic acid as standard.Results: The percentage yield of pectin were obtained as 3.04±0.97%, 5.84±0.49%, 3.70±0.68% for banana and 4.65±0.70%, 6.61±0.21%, 6.91±0.86% for plantain corresponding to unripe, ripe, and overripe respectively. The extracted pectin of all the samples were observed to be statistically inferior to when compared to the standard used Ascorbic acid at all concentrations of samples prepared for both DPPH antiradical activity assay and Reducing capacity assay (p ≤ 0.005), at 95% confidence interval.Conclusion: The yield of banana peel pectin have an initial increase with ripening followed by a decrease in yield, while plantain peel pectin can be said to increase from its unripe stage through to its overripe stage; with plantain pectin yield greater than banana across all stages. All data showed statistical inferiority to Ascorbic acid in reducing capacity and against DPPH.
Keywords: Pectin, Banana, Plantain, DPPH, Ripening, Antioxidant
Development of Shunt Active Power Filter for Harmonic Reduction using Synchronous Reference Frame with Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation
Authors: Akintade S.A. , Jibril Y. , Abubakar A.S. 
Published: August 2020

The work aims at development of Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) for harmonic reduction. The current harmonics are being caused by nonlinear characteristic of power electronics based equipments which increase power losses and in turn reduce power quality. Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) was used as a control strategy and for reference harmonic current generation and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) was adopted as switching signal generation. With RL load under balanced input voltage condition, the developed SAPF-SVPWM achieved a reduction of THD of 0.91% as compared to 25.60 before compensation. In addition, the developed SAPF- SVPWM model was compared with SAPF without compensation using RL load under unbalanced voltage and the result shows that the developed SVPWM achieved reduction in THD of 1.74 % as compared to 26.68% after and before compensation. The developed SVPWM model was also compared with SPWM balanced and unbalanced voltage condition. The results show that SVPWM performed better than SPWM. All the results obtained are within IEEE 519 harmonics standard (i.e. THD less than 5%) with nonlinear load under balanced and unbalanced voltage.
Keywords: Shunt active filter, input voltage, harmonics, space vector pulse width modulation, nonlinear load.
II-II Wa (Traditional Marriage): Towards the Typologies of Marriage in Ogoni Traditional Philosophy
Authors: Deezia Burabari Sunday 
Published: August 2020

Every society has its own norms, values and morals, which help them to structure their universe. Among the Ogoni indigenous people, the centrality of ii-ii wa (traditional marriage) as the nucleus of society is the under guiding factor for their comprehensive marriage rites. To the Ogoni indigenous people, marriage is a sacred institution, inextricably attached to the Ogoni traditional religion. It is a process rather than a discrete event that marks one’s transition from one stage of life to another; it involves rituals, negotiations, and transactions that stretch over years. It is a community practice within which the values of a community are shaped and preserved. However, the eventual contact with the western culture through colonialism, christianity, education and, with the subsequent upsurge of globalization, reflects the diffusion of modern orientations and ideologies. These values are not only being challenged but also eroded. Consequently, this onslaught brings into question the place of the Ogoni cultural values and marriage system amidst modernization. This study, therefore, centers on the organized system of the Ogoni traditional marriage forms in relation to specific underlying dimensions, attributes and categories. The study further distinguishes between Bia-k𝑒̅, biabe and the assumed Sira-culture that do not exist in Ogoni cultural practices. In analyzing the subject matter, the study adopts the descriptive research design, using the philosophical approach, with special reference to the structural functionalism and the diffusion of innovation theories. Through the research effort it was observed that the fortunes of marriage and family institutions are dwindling due to the emerging trends of individualism, loosed morality, materialism and intrusion of foreign ideas into marriage and family system in Ogoni. Hence, the need to respect, project and protect those core Ogoni traditional marriage values.
Keywords: II-II-Wa (traditional marriage), family values, religion, social change
Urdiduras Continentais no debate acerca do Mission Style. Notas sobre o Pan-Americanismo na Arquitetura Neocolonial
Authors: Atique Fernando 
Published: August 2020

A arquitetura neocolonial foi produzida com ênfase, no Brasil, entre os anos de 1910 e 1950. Embora defendida por arquitetos e intelectuais brasileiros como “produto legítimo” de uma cultura brasileira, podemos notar, sob outro ponto de vista, que ela revela o contato do Brasil com todo o continente americano por meio das similaridades de suas formas e de seu discurso. De fato, durante a década de 1920 o suposto caráter homogêneo e nacional do neocolonial arrefeceu através da introdução de conceitos espaciais, ornamentos e modelos arquitetônicos de matriz hispano-estadunidense conhecidos como mission style. A combinação do mission style com o neocolonial brasileiro produziu uma arquitetura nova, com um caráter pan-americano mais explícito, agregando valores e imagens comuns a todas as Américas, mas sobretudo, dos Estados Unidos em seu bojo. O objetivo principal deste artigo é, assim, discutir as origens desse "neocolonial pan-americano”. Para tanto, analisam-se arquitetos, livros, manuais e universidades que, do Brasil, olharam para toda a América tentando encontrar respostas políticas e estéticas para esta questão. Em especial, o trabalho destaca a presença dos Estados Unidos nessa pan-americanização da arquitetura, pois foi o país que enviou as fontes mais influentes para sua feitura.
O antifascismo como experiência associativa na região do Prata:
Authors: Oliveira Angela Meirelles 
Published: August 2020

Este artigo apresenta os primeiros resultados de uma pesquisa em curso a respeito da circulação de idéias antifascistas entre os países do Cone Sul (Argentina, Brasil, Chile e Uruguai) e, destes com os movimentos franceses « Amsterdam-Pleyel » e « Comité de Vigilance des Intellectuels Antifascistes », nos anos 1933-1939. Comparou-se a atuação das agrupações surgidas na Argentina (1935) e no Uruguai (1936) para que, a partir das experiências das organizações homônimas Agrupación de Intelectuales, Artistas, Periodistas y Escritores (Aiape), fosse demonstrada a dinâmica da mobilização do intelectual antifascista na região. Foi demonstrada a relação do intelectual antifascista com as demandas políticas daquele momento, concluindo que esta se dava na perspectiva do entrecruzamento dos problemas políticos locais e globais.
A “memória herdada”: as comissões da verdade e os “escrachos” promovidos pela juventude em países da América Latina, como Argentina, Chile e Brasil
Authors: Rovai Marta Gouveia de Oliveira 
Published: August 2020

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta um breve histórico da justiça de transição, em países da América Latina, como Argentina, Chile e Brasil, baseada na busca pela verdade, justiça e reparação. Num primeiro momento mostra a importância das comissões da verdade, criadas para revelar as violações cometidas durante os regimes ditatoriais. Em seguida trabalha com o conceito de “memória herdada”, de Michael Pollak, para mostrar como parcelas organizadas da juventude atuam no presente denunciando publicamente, por meio de manifestações conhecidas como “escrachos”, os responsáveis pelos crimes cometidos contra a geração de seus pais e avós. No Brasil, destaca-se o Levante Popular da Juventude que, inspirado no movimento dos HIJOS, na Argentina, toma para si o dever do compartilhamento da memória.Palavras-chave: justiça de transição – memória herdada – juventude latino-americana Abstract: This article presents a brief history of transitional justice in Latin American countries such as Argentina, Chile and Brazil , based on the search for truth , justice and reparation . At first shows the importance of truth commissions , created to reveal the violations committed during the dictatorial regimes . Then explores the concept of “inherited memory ", as that of Michael Pollak , to show how organized youth installments presently act in publicly denouncing, through demonstrations known as “escrachos” , those responsible for the crimes committed against their parents and grandparents generations. In Brazil , there is the Levante Popular da Juventude who , inspired by the movement of HIJOS, in Argentina, takes on the duty of sharing memory .Keywords: transitional justice - inherited memory - Latin American youth
Utopia, compaixão e liberdade em Leonardo Padura
Authors: Pereira da Silva Maria Analice 
Published: August 2020

Utopia, compaixão e liberdade em Leonardo Padura RESUMO: Entre os dois romances de Leonardo Padura – O homem que amava os cachorros e Hereges – há pontos de contato, tanto no que se refere aos temas, quanto a alguns dos personagens. O objetivo desse artigo é, portanto, desenvolver uma análise-interpretação desses romances, partindo da discussão acerca de temas primordiais neles desenvolvidos e que são, em linhas gerais, os seguintes: o tema da compaixão, no primeiro romance – por meio da voz narrativa; o tema da liberdade, no segundo – por meio das ações dos personagens. Ambos os romances são ambientados em Cuba e se aproximam, também, quanto à época da História da Ilha neles representada: incluindo-se o período revolucionário, chegando até os anos 2000. O destaque para os temas da compaixão e da liberdade tem a ver, sobretudo, com esse espaço-tempo desenvolvido nos romances, como parte essencial de suas arquiteturas narrativas. Palavras-chave: Cuba; história; romance.
A Revolução Mexicana nos livros didáticos de História do PNLD 2018
Authors: Pérola Dantas Barros Maria Luiza 
Published: August 2020

Resumo: Este artigo tem por objetivo entender como a Revolução Mexicana, iniciada em 1910, aparece nos livros didáticos de História aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) 2018 e destinados aos alunos e professores do terceiro ano do ensino médio[1] das escolas públicas brasileiras. Para tanto, inicialmente buscou-se compreender como os autores trabalharam a temática em suas respectivas obras (quais fatos elencaram e a partir de quais abordagens, por exemplo). Em seguida, lançou-se um olhar acerca da maneira como as fotografias, entendidas aqui como uma representação do real (KOSSOY, 2009), relacionadas à revolução são trabalhadas nas respectivas obras: se como fontes[2] no ofício de narrar os fatos históricos, como era a exigência do Edital 2018[3], ou como ilustração.
Palavras-chave: Revolução Mexicana. Fotografias. PNLD 2018.
Singularidades nacionais e lógica do mercado: o Golpe de 1964 no Brasil nas páginas da revista argentina Panorama
Authors: Gordim da Silveira Hélder 
Published: August 2020

Resumo: O artigo busca examinar a repercussão da consolidação da ditadura no Brasil como notícia internacional na Argentina por meio do estudo de caso da revista Panorama, fundada e dirigida por Cesare Civita. Desenvolve-se, com base no conceito de ideologia e de construção social dos acontecimentos, a hipótese de que a veiculação de tais notícias, desde a posição e a atuação político-institucional da imprensa informativa empresarial, concorreu para a legitimação da solução autoritária na crise política argentina, apresentando o caso do Brasil como exemplar.
Palavras Chave: Imprensa,Ditadura Civil-Militar,Argentina-Brasil
Perceraian Karena Intervensi Orang Tua Terhadap Rumah Tangga Anak
Authors: Nafi Ahmad Zuhri , Al Amin M. Nur Kholis 
Published: August 2020

This article describes the analysis of divorce decisions on the grounds of parental intervention to a family of young couples in the Religious Court of Demak regency. The method of data collection is in-depth interviews and documentation, surely as important instruments, so that the subject matter of this research can be revealed properly, both in the process of divorce proceedings and judges' consideration in their decisions. This research, than, suggests one lesson food for thought that in social life within community, parent’s role has an important meaning in the lives of their son’s or daughter’s household in their position as mediator (hakam) and giving advice when conflicts occur in the family of son or daughter. Likewise, married couples must know the limitations and responsibilities of each in relation to their parents, so as to create healthy family relationships without intervention