bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonremission and Recurrent Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Xiang , Jiang Yan , Huo Li , Wu Huanwen , Liu Yong , Jin Jin , Yu Wei , Lv Wei , Zhou Lian , Xia Yu , Wang Ou , Li Mei , Xing Xiaoping , Chi Yue , Jiajue Ruizhi , Cui Lijia , Meng Xunwu , Xia Weibo 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. It is curable by excision of the causative tumor. However, a few cases may persist or relapse after tumor resection. We aimed to investigate the rate of these events and related factors. We retrospectively studied TIO patients treated with surgery in a tertiary hospital. TIO was established based on a pathologic examination or the reversion of hypophosphatemia. Refractory TIO patients consisted of those with nonremission or recurrent hypophosphatemia after surgery. A total of 230 patients were confirmed as having TIO. After primary surgery, 26 (11.3%) cases persisted, and 16 (7.0%) cases recurred. The overall refractory rate was 18.3%. The median time of recurrence was 33 months. Compared with patients in the recovery group, patients in the refractory group were more likely to be female (59.5% versus 41.0%, p = .029) and have a lower serum phosphate level (0.44 ± 0.13 versus 0.50 ± 0.11 mmol/L, p = .002). The refractory rate was lowest in head/neck tumors (7.5%) and highest in spine tumors (77.8%). Regarding the tissue involved of tumor location, the refractory rate was higher in tumors involving bone than tumors involving soft tissue (32.7% versus 7.0%, p &lt; .001). The outcomes of malignant tumors were worse than those of benign tumors (p &lt; .001): nonremission rate, 21.4% versus 9.7%; recurrence rate, 28.6% versus 6.5%. In the multivariate regression analysis, female sex, spine tumors, bone tissue-involved tumors, malignancy, and low preoperation serum phosphorus levels were identified as risk factors for refractory outcomes. High preoperative fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels were also associated with refractory after adjusting for involving tissue and tumor malignancy. In summary, we are the first to report the rate and clinical characteristics of refractory TIO in a large cohort. For patients with multiple risk factors, especially spine tumors, clinical practitioners should be aware of a poor surgical prognosis. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
RETRACTED: 3‐Acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid attenuated oxidative glutamate toxicity in neuron‐like cell lines by apoptosis inhibition
Authors: Rajabian Arezoo , Sadeghnia Hamid Reza , Hosseini Azar , Mousavi Seyed Hadi , Boroushaki Mohammad Taher 
Published: October 2019

Abstract3‐Acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (AKBA), a pentacyclic triterpenic acid present in gum resin of Boswellia serrata, has been found to possess antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. In this study, we aimed to examine protective properties of AKBA against glutamate‐induced neuronal injury. To investigate the effects of AKBA (2.5‐10 µM) on glutamate injury in neuron‐like cells PC12 and N2a, two treatment regimens (incubation for 2 or 0 hours before glutamate exposure) were used. Then, the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide method was used to determine viability of the cells. Cellular redox status was evaluated using fluorimetry and comet assays. Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining and Western blot analysis of relative apoptotic proteins were conducted. Based on the results, 24 hours incubation with glutamate (8 mM) increased the cell mortality of PC12 and N2a (P < .001). However, AKBA (2.5‐10 µM) enhanced the cell viability in both treatment regimens (P < .001). Also co‐ and pretreatment with AKBA significantly attenuated lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species production, and DNA injury (P < .05 and P < .001). AKBA also restored the activity of cellular superoxide dismutase under glutamate toxicity; this effect was seen to be more significant during the pretreatment regimen (P < .001). Moreover, Western blot analysis indicated that AKBA inhibited glutamate‐induced programmed cell death through depressing the elevation of the expression ratio of Bax/Bcl‐2 and cleaved‐caspase‐3 proteins, concentration‐dependently. Overall, the present findings suggest the neuroprotective activities of AKBA against glutamate‐induced cell injury probably by inhibiting oxidative damage and reducing apoptotic cell death.
Optimizing cancer care for hepatocellular carcinoma at a safety‐net hospital: The value of a multidisciplinary disease management team
Authors: Duininck Grace , Lopez‐Aguiar Alexandra G. , Lee Rachel M. , Miller Lesley , Dariushnia Sean , Wu Christina , Alese Olatunji B. , Lin Jolinta Y. , Wedd Joel , Adams Andrew , Maithel Shishir K. , Russell Maria C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis C (HCV) is the primary etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the US multidisciplinary disease management teams (DMT) that optimize oncologic care. The impact of DMT for HCC in safety‐net hospitals is unknown.MethodsPatients diagnosed with HCC from 2009 to 2016 at Grady Memorial Hospital (GMH) were included. The primary aim was to evaluate referrals to care, receipt of therapy, and overall survival (OS) after DMT formation. Screening patterns of HCV patients for HCC were also examined.ResultsOf 204 HCC patients, median age was 58 years, with 81% male, 83% black. 46% presented with stage 4 disease, 53% had treatment with median OS 9.8 months. DMT formation was associated with increased referrals to surgery (49% vs 30%; P = .02), liver‐directed therapy (58% vs 31%; P = .001), and radiation (13% vs 3%; P = .019). Patients were also more likely to get treatment (59% vs 41%; P = .026), with improved median OS (30.7 vs 4.9 months; P < .001). DMT did not alter HCV screening for HCC (23%). HCV patients screened for HCC had earlier stage disease (P = .001).ConclusionImplementation of a DMT at GMH is associated with increased HCC patients referred for/receiving treatment, as well as improved survival. Few patients with HCV at risk for HCC are screened, despite DMT. Future efforts should aim to establish screening programs for HCV patients at risk for HCC.
Use of ultrasound findings to predict bowel ischemic changes in pediatric patients with intestinal volvulus
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Hosokawa Mayumi , Tanami Yutaka , Sato Yumiko , Ishimaru Tetsuya , Tanaka Yujiro , Kawashima Hiroshi , Oguma Eiji 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesEarly diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention are important to prevent intestinal necrosis in patients with volvulus. The purpose of this study was to determine which ultrasound (US) findings may predict bowel ischemic changes in pediatric patients with intestinal volvulus.MethodsThirty‐one pediatric patients with surgically proven intestinal volvulus were retrospectively reviewed. We compared the demographics and US findings (eg, superior mesenteric artery collapse, ascites, echogenic ascites, and degree of intestinal twist) between patients with and without bowel ischemic changes during surgery. Data are presented as median and range. The Fisher exact test, Mann‐Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test were used for statistical analyses.ResultsEleven patients had bowel ischemic changes. Significant differences existed between patients with and without ischemic changes for age (2 days [range, 0–137 days] versus 6.5 days [range, 2–1618 days]; P = .02), superior mesenteric artery collapse (present/absent, 10/1 versus 9/11 patients; P = .02), the presence of ascites (present/absent, 8/3 versus 6/14 patients; P = .03), and intestinal twist degree on US imaging (540° [range, 180°–720°] versus 360° [range, 180°–720°]; P = .02). The groups did not significantly differ for sex, the time from the US examination to the operation, or echogenic ascites. The intestinal twist degree insignificantly differed between US and surgical findings (360° [range, 180°–720°] versus 360° [range, 0°–1080°]; P = .36).ConclusionsThe presence of superior mesenteric artery collapse, ascites, and a large intestinal twist on US imaging were significant predictors of intestinal ischemic changes. Pediatric surgeons should perform prompt surgical interventions in cases of volvulus with these US findings.
Reduction of miR‐212 contributes to pituitary adenoma cell invasion via targeting c‐Met
Authors: Wang Hong‐Yan , Gao Huai‐Qing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe current study aimed to evaluate the expression and role of miR‐212 in the progression of pituitary adenoma (PA), thereby providing a theoretical basis and potential therapy methods for PA patients. Our data showed that miR‐212 levels were significantly reduced in PA tissues than normal pituitary tissues. However, no significant difference was identified in the serum of PA patients and healthy control. In addition, the expression of miR‐212 in invasive PA was significantly lower than that in noninvasive and normal pituitary tissues. Moreover, the level of miR‐212 was decreased with the increase of tumor invasion. Meanwhile, the expression of miR‐212 in giant adenomas was significantly lower than that in macroadenomas and microadenomas. Furthermore, inhibition of miR‐212 significantly enhanced the proliferation and invasive capacity of GH3 cells. Dual luciferase reporter assay and western blot analysis confirmed that c‐Met was a target gene of miR‐212. More importantly, upregulation of c‐Met significantly prompted PA cell proliferation mainly as a result of the enhanced level of phosphorylation of AKT. This effect could be abolished when c‐Met was silenced in GH3 cells. In summary, reduced miR‐212 expression in PA contributed to abnormal cancer cell proliferation and invasion mainly by targeting c‐Met.
Comparison of legislative management for new psychoactive substances control among Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan
Authors: Feng Ling‐Yi , Wada Kiyoshi , Chung Heesun , Han Eunyoung , Li Jih‐Heng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFor decades, the three United Nations drug conventions have served as the basis for member states' obligations and international cooperation on drug control. However, the emergence of new psychoactive substances (NPSs) poses a new risk to public health and a challenge to drug policy because of their unknown toxicological effects and easy modification of chemical structures to shun legal control. So far, there is no international consensus on legislative control of NPSs. Therefore, we compared the legislative management on NPS control among Taiwan, South Korea, and Japan. Drug‐related information was obtained from the authorities of these three countries. The results indicate that despite geographic proximity and similar legal attitudes toward illegal drug use, the legislative criteria, and responses for NPS control in these three countries were quite different. Ketamine has been the major used NPS in Taiwan but seldom found in South Korea and Japan. The difference in the number of controlled NPSs in Taiwan (91) and South Korea (245) might be due to the implementation of temporary designation systems and analog controls in South Korea. The recent surge of newly controlled NPSs in Japan was because of the promulgation of designated drug regulation and subsequent control of “dangerous drugs.” Although NPS use has become a potential social and medical problem among these three countries, the outcomes of NPS legislation control remain to be scrutinized. To minimize harm from NPS use, development of legislative mechanism(s) on NPS scheduling is the first step for early identification and control of NPS problems.
Using a balanced scorecard to manage corporate social responsibility
Authors: Asiaei Kaveh , Bontis Nick 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis conceptual paper aims to tie together the insights from the body of research on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and management accounting and control systems to investigate a model in which performance measurement systems (PMSs) can play a role in translating socially responsible initiatives into enhanced performance. The underlying assumption of the “fit‐as‐mediation” approach signifies that company practices can play a role in the determination of the structure and implementation of particular managerial processes, and this, in turn, may support information processing and lead to desirable results within organizations. Synthesizing theory from performance measurement and CSR, the paper's analysis and discussions elucidate how the implementation of an overarching PMS, that is, sustainability balanced scorecard (BSC), could translate the knowledge‐related factor, that is, CSR, into enhanced performance. The proposed model may inspire a new research agenda to show how socially responsible or sustainability initiatives are managed and measured in organizations and how they are properly aligned with specific managerial processes to deliver real value. Although the importance of CSR and its wide implications has long been appreciated in the literature, there still remains a paucity of information concerning the importance of particular managerial processes, for example, PMS, whereby organizations can translate their CSR into enhanced performance. This paper, therefore, seeks to bridge this gap by proposing a conceptual model in which an integrated PMS, that is, sustainability BSC, comes to play a role in the association between CSR and corporate performance.
Increased Expression of Estrogen Receptor Beta in Idiopathic Progressive Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: Damrose Edward J. , Campbell Ross David , Darwish Sonja , Erickson‐DiRenzo Elizabeth 
Published: October 2019

Background/ObjectivesIdiopathic progressive subglottic stenosis (IPSS) predominantly affects females in perimenopause. It has, therefore, been hypothesized that estrogen is involved in its pathogenesis. There are two main types of estrogen receptors: ER‐α and ER‐β. Abnormal variants of ER‐β have previously been shown to be associated with poor wound healing. Estrogen receptors have recently been identified in subglottic tissue samples, with elevated levels of ER‐α and progesterone receptors, and no expression of ER‐β, in stenotic specimens reported in one study. The objective of this study was to confirm the presence of estrogen receptors in the subglottis and investigate levels of expression and types of estrogen receptors in normal and stenotic subglottic tissue.MethodsSubglottic tissue was obtained from three female and one male cadaver without laryngotracheal pathology to serve as controls. Subglottic tissue specimens from five female patients with IPSS were also analysed. Immunofluorescence stains for ER‐α and ER‐β were performed on specimens. Staining patterns were compared qualitatively and semi‐qualitatively between control and IPSS specimens.ResultsImmunofluorescence stains demonstrated the presence of both ER‐α and ER‐β in subglottic tissue. IPSS specimens demonstrated significantly greater staining intensity of ER‐α in the epithelium and ER‐β in glands and ducts compared to controls.ConclusionsThis study confirms the presence of estrogen receptors in the subglottis. Increased expression of ER‐α in the epithelium and ER‐β in glands and ducts in IPSS compared to controls may help to explain the predisposition to stenosis in these individuals.Level of Evidence3b Laryngoscope, 130:2186–2191, 2020
Effects of lipid and urea extraction on stable isotope values (δ13C and δ15N) of two batoids: A call for more species‐specific investigations
Authors: Crook Kevin A. , Barnett Adam , Sheaves Marcus , Abrantes Katya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe presence of lipids and urea in elasmobranch tissues can affect carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope values, introducing bias in food web interpretations. Information on how lipids and urea affect δ13C/δ15N is only available for < 5% of ~ 1150 described elasmobranch species and results are highly variable among existing studies. Here, we investigate the effects of lipid and urea extraction on δ13C, δ15N, and C:N ratios in muscle and blood plasma of two batoids (Pastinachus ater and Himantura australis) and examine the influence of lipid/urea extraction on isotopic niche size and overlap. Lipid extraction (LE) did not affect δ13C, δ15N, or C:N ratios, suggesting low lipid content. Urea extraction (UE), however, increased δ15N and C:N in muscle. The ~ 1‰ δ15N increase represents a shift of ~ 0.5 trophic levels relative to bulk samples, highlighting the importance of UE to accurately assess trophic positions. Although there was no effect of any treatment on niche size, the probability of P. ater occurring within the niche of H. australis increased following UE. Overall, results suggest that urea should be removed from muscle prior to analysis, but LE is not required. Given the interspecific variability in the effects of lipid/urea on elasmobranch δ13C/δ15N, more studies are needed to assess the effects of lipid and urea on a broader range of species to produce a generalized understanding. Where no species‐specific data are available, we recommend pilot samples are analyzed to determine if LE is needed prior to preparation of the overall sample set.
A Comprehensive Review of Optical Fiber Refractometers: Toward a Standard Comparative Criterion
Authors: Urrutia Aitor , Del Villar Ignacio , Zubiate Pablo , Zamarreño Carlos R. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThanks to the peculiarities of optical fiber and its ability to be combined with nanotechnology, precise and accurate measurements of the changes in optical properties (i.e., refractive index) of the medium surrounding the fiber are becoming possible with a high degree of performance. Thus, optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are increasingly finding applications in biochemistry and biomedicine. Here, all types of optical fiber refractometers are covered, and they are classified into three main groups: interferometers, grating‐based structures, and resonance‐based structures (the resonance is induced by coating the optical fiber sensor with a thin film). The performance of these different structures is compared by means of the most common parameters: sensitivity, full width at half minimum or maximum, figure of merit, and quality factor. The aim here is to provide a reliable and easy‐to‐use tool to compare the performance of the most recent developments on fiber optic refractometers.
Improving the Acid and Base Resistance of Polyurethane Using Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Ata Seisuke , Yamane Shogo , Hayashi Yoshihiro , Kawauchi Susumu , Mizukado Junji , Yamada Takeo , Hata Kenji 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper demonstrates that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used as an effective filler for inhibiting the hydrolysis of polyurethane (PU) under acidic and basic conditions. Although it has been reported that CNTs can quench the radicals on its surface, for the first time, it is confirmed that CNTs undergo reactions that have an inhibiting effect on ion‐mediated hydrolysis. Attenuated total reflectance–infrared spectroscopy measurements on PU and PU–CNT samples reveal that CNTs inhibit the hydrolysis of PU in both acid and alkaline environments. Via quantum chemical calculations, it is shown that CNTs can trap H+ ions and OH− ions on their surface. It is also shown that CNTs can trap multiple ions, even though electrical repulsion is to be expected. The results reveal that CNTs can also function as a hydrolysis inhibitor in addition to their known functions as an antioxidant.
Structurally Distinct α‐Synuclein Fibrils Induce Robust Parkinsonian Pathology
Authors: Hayakawa Hideki , Nakatani Rie , Ikenaka Kensuke , Aguirre Cesar , Choong Chi‐Jing , Tsuda Hiroshi , Nagano Seiichi , Koike Masato , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Hasegawa Masato , Papa Stella M. , Nagai Yoshitaka , Mochizuki Hideki , Baba Kousuke 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTObjectiveAlpha‐synuclein (α‐syn) is a major component of Lewy bodies, which are the pathological hallmark in Parkinson's disease, and its genetic mutations cause familial forms of Parkinson's disease. Patients with α‐syn G51D mutation exhibit severe clinical symptoms. However, in vitro studies showed low propensity for α‐syn with the G51D mutation. We studied the mechanisms associated with severe neurotoxicity of α‐syn G51D mutation using a murine model generated by G51D α‐syn fibril injection into the brain.MethodsStructural analysis of wild‐type and G51D α‐syn‐fibrils were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The ability of α‐syn fibrils forming aggregates was first assessed in in vitro mammalian cells. An in vivo mouse model with an intranigral injection of α‐syn fibrils was then used to evaluate the propagation pattern of α‐syn and related cellular changes.ResultsWe found that G51D α‐syn fibrils have higher β‐sheet contents than wild‐type α‐syn fibrils. The addition of G51D α‐syn fibrils to mammalian cells overexpressing α‐syn resulted in the formation of phosphorylated α‐syn inclusions at a higher rate. Similarly, an injection of G51D α‐syn fibrils into the substantia nigra of a mouse brain induced more widespread phosphorylated α‐syn pathology. Notably, the mice injected with G51D α‐syn fibrils exhibited progressive nigral neuronal loss accompanied with mitochondrial abnormalities and motor impairment.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the structural difference of G51D α‐syn fibrils plays an important role in the rapidly developed and more severe neurotoxicity of G51D mutation‐linked Parkinson's disease. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Outcome of Very Preterm Infants With Early Optimal Nutrition Strategy: A Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Upadhyay Swati , Pournami Femitha , Nandakumar Anand , Prabhakar Jyothi , Nair Parameswaran Madhava Chandran , Jain Naveen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAggressive nutrition may benefit early growth; nevertheless, effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes are unclear. We planned a descriptive analytical study to compare survival without neurodevelopment disability (NDD) at 1 year in 2 groups during 2 time epochs—before and after implementation of early optimal nutrition strategies. NDD was defined as any one of the following: mental and/or motor development quotient < 85 at 12 months of age, corrected for prematurity; Denver Developmental Screening Test abnormal/suspect in even 1 domain out of the 4 domains; seizures; requirement of hearing aid; or blindness in 1 or both eyes. We also compared mortality, survival without bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, sepsis, metabolic bone disease (MBD), and extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR).MethodsPreterm neonates born between 27 and 32 weeks’ gestation were included. The prospective study group (AO) was recruited after implementation of early optimal nutrition policy. The comparative retrospective cohort (BO) received nutrition based on clinicians’ decisions. Both groups were followed up using a structured plan till 1 year corrected age.Results137 neonates were enrolled in AO and 151 in the BO cohort. There was no statistically significant difference in survival without NDD at 1 year—75.5% in AO vs 72.1% in BO, odds ratio 0.84 (95% CI 0.5–1.6). Babies who received early optimal nutrition had less NEC, EUGR, and ROP requiring laser therapy but more MBD.ConclusionThere was no difference in survival without NDD in early optimal nutrition cohort compared to the cohort before implementation of the nutrition strategy. Short‐term benefits themselves may justify the need for early optimal nutrition.