bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Lyapunov Exponents for a Class of Circle Diffeomorphisms Driven by Expanding Circle Endomorphisms
Authors: Bjerklöv Kristian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe consider skew-product maps on $$\mathbb {T}^2$$

T

2

of the form $$F(x,y)=(bx,x+g(y))$$

F
(
x
,
y
)
=
(
b
x
,
x
+
g
(
y
)
)

where $$g:\mathbb {T}\rightarrow \mathbb {T}$$

g
:
T
→
T

is an orientation-preserving $$C^2$$

C
2

-diffeomorphism and $$b\ge 2$$

b
≥
2

is an integer. We show that the fibred (upper and lower) Lyapunov exponent of almost every point (x, y) is as close to $$\int _\mathbb {T}\log (g'(\eta ))d\eta $$

∫
T

log

(

g
′

(
η
)

)

d
η

as we like, provided that b is large enough.
Efficacy of Psychological Interventions on Depression Anxiety and Somatization in Migrants: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Sambucini Daniela , Aceto Paola , Begotaraj Edvaldo , Lai Carlo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany studies reveal the effectiveness of different psychological interventions on the adult refugees reporting mental health distress. Aim of this metanalysis was to test the efficacy of different psychological treatments on the depressive, anxiety and somatization symptoms on refugees and asylum seekers. Fifty-two studies, since 1997 to 2019, were included in the systematic review and 27 of those were included in the metanalysis. Studies providing a pre and post treatment methodological design were included. All treatments reported significant effects on the three outcomes. Qualitative observations showed a probability to have a significant pre-post treatment effects on trials with outcome of depression (56%), anxiety (44%), and somatization (42%). Cognitive behavioral treatment resulted the most effective treatment. The status of refugee compared to the status of asylum seeker seems to have a great effect on the effectiveness of the treatment.
Nonzero-Sum Stochastic Differential Games Between an Impulse Controller and a Stopper
Authors: Campi Luciano , De Santis Davide 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe study a two-player nonzero-sum stochastic differential game, where one player controls the state variable via additive impulses, while the other player can stop the game at any time. The main goal of this work is to characterize Nash equilibria through a verification theorem, which identifies a new system of quasivariational inequalities, whose solution gives equilibrium payoffs with the correspondent strategies. Moreover, we apply the verification theorem to a game with a one-dimensional state variable, evolving as a scaled Brownian motion, and with linear payoff and costs for both players. Two types of Nash equilibrium are fully characterized, i.e. semi-explicit expressions for the equilibrium strategies and associated payoffs are provided. Both equilibria are of threshold type: in one equilibrium players’ intervention are not simultaneous, while in the other one the first player induces her competitor to stop the game. Finally, we provide some numerical results describing the qualitative properties of both types of equilibrium.
Robotisation of the manufacturing industries in the EU: Convergence or divergence?
Authors: Jungmittag Andre 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates whether convergence or divergence of robot densities in the manufacturing industries of 24 EU countries occurred over the period from 1995 to 2015. An answer to this question permits immediate conclusions with regard to the success of convergence of labour productivities within the manufacturing industries of the EU, since it is expected that the use of robots will contribute to the growth of labour productivity. The empirical analysis is based on the robot data of the International Federation of Robotics and uses the convergence testing approach proposed by Rodrik (Q J Econ 128(1):165–204, 2013). Taking all results together, empirical evidence points to non-convergence of robot densities for a first period from 1995 to 2005, while there is relatively fast conditional as well as unconditional convergence for the second period from 2005 to 2015.
Bifurcations in an economic growth model with a distributed time delay transformed to ODE
Authors: Guerrini Luca , Krawiec Adam , Szydłowski Marek 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a model of economic growth with a distributed time-delay investment function, where the time-delay parameter is a mean time delay of the gamma distribution. Using the linear chain trick technique, we transform the delay differential equation system into an equivalent one of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Since we are dealing with weak and strong kernels, our system will be reduced to a three- and four-dimensional ODE system, respectively. The occurrence of Hopf bifurcation is investigated with respect to the following two parameters: time-delay parameter and rate of growth parameter. Sufficient criteria on the existence and stability of a limit cycle solution through the Hopf bifurcation are presented in case of time-delay parameter. Numerical studies with the Dana and Malgrange investment function show the emergence of two Hopf bifurcations with respect to the rate growth parameter. In this case, we have been able to detect the existence of stable long-period cycles in the economy. According to the time-delay and adjustment speed parameters, the range of admissible values of the rate of growth parameter breaks down into three intervals. First, we have stable focus, then the limit cycle and finally again the stable solution with two Hopf bifurcations. Such behavior appears for some middle interval of the admissible range of values of the rate of growth parameter.
Comparative evaluation of powertrain concepts through an eco-impact optimization framework with real driving data
Authors: Esser Arved , Eichenlaub Tobias , Schleiffer Jean-Eric , Jardin Philippe , Rinderknecht Stephan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe assessment of the ecological impact of different powertrain concepts is of increasing relevance considering the enormous efforts necessary to limit the global warming effect due to the man-made climate change. Within this contribution, we adopt existing methods for the optimization of electric and hybrid electric powertrains using a vehicle simulation environment and derive a method to identify the ecological potential of different powertrain concepts for a set of technological parameters in the reference year 2030. By optimizing the parametrization for each powertrain concept and by adapting the respective operating behaviour specifically to minimize the ecological impact, a reliable and unbiased comparison is enabled. We use our optimization environment with the Real Ecological Impact as objective function to compare different powertrain concepts on driving profiles that are based on real driving data recorded in Germany. Despite the fact that all of the considered driving profiles contain trips of similar length, their respective optimized powertrain concepts are different. Plug-In Hybrid vehicles achieve the greatest potential for long-range capable vehicles and are least sensitive to different driving profiles.
Is Canada really an education superpower? The impact of non-participation on results from PISA 2015
Authors: Anders Jake , Has Silvan , Jerrim John , Shure Nikki , Zieger Laura 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of large-scale international assessments is to compare educational achievement across countries. For such cross-national comparisons to be meaningful, the participating students must be representative of the target population. In this paper, we consider whether this is the case for Canada, a country widely recognised as high performing in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Our analysis illustrates how the PISA 2015 sample for Canada only covers around half of the 15-year-old population, compared to over 90% in countries like Finland, Estonia, Japan and South Korea. We discuss how this emerges from differences in how children with special educational needs are defined and rules for their inclusion in the study, variation in school participation rates and the comparatively high rates of pupils’ absence in Canada during the PISA study. The paper concludes by investigating how Canada’s PISA 2015 rank would change under different assumptions about how the non-participating students would have performed were they to have taken the PISA test.
Quantitative imaging of sodium concentrations in soil-root systems using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Authors: Perelman Adi , Lazarovitch Naftali , Vanderborght Jan , Pohlmeier Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsDemonstrating the potential of MRI as a 3D, non-invasive and continuous measurement technique to map Na+concentration distributions in soil and around roots.MethodsDissolved NaCl in soil and soil-plant systems was mapped by 3D23Na-MRI. The lower limit of detectability in saturated and unsaturated porous media was evaluated, followed by evaporation experiments to test the quantification. Finally, Na+enrichment around tomato roots, irrigated with saline solution under low/high transpiration rates (LT, HT), was imaged in parallel to the root system,.ResultsA spin echo pulse sequence allowed the quantitative mapping of the volume concentration of NaCl in sandy porous medium. Evaporation experiments showed slight enrichment in the top surface layer, plus uniform temporal enrichment in the deeper layers. In the tomato experiments, enrichment was more distinct under HT than under LT. Concentration-distance correlation curves revealed thin enrichment zones ranging a few mm around the roots.ConclusionsMRI can map Na+non-invasively in 3D at relevant concentrations for root activity. Visualizing water content, roots and Na+on the same scale is possible, despite limitations of different scanning times and resolution. This opens a route for further quantitative investigations of salt enrichment processes in soil and soil-plant systems.
Socio-spatial Disparities and the Crisis: Swimming Pools as a Proxy of Class Segregation in Athens
Authors: Carlucci Margherita , Vinci Sabato , Ricciardo Lamonica Giuseppe , Salvati Luca 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInitially considered a ‘luxury’ good and now becoming a more popular and diffused landmark, the spatial distribution of residential swimming pools reflects the socio-spatial structure in Mediterranean cities, offering a kaleidoscopic overview of class segregation and economic disparities. The present study hypothesizes that economic downturns, resulting in alternative phases of social polarization and mixing, affect the spatial distribution of pools. To verify this assumption, the spatial distribution of pools in Athens, Greece—a city with evident social disparities and largely affected by the great recession—was analysed during the most recent expansion and recession. Results shed light on the spatial linkage between pool density, class segregation and dispersed urban expansion in a context of rising income disparities. The spatial distribution of swimming pools became increasingly polarized in the Athens’ metropolitan region. The spread of residential pools in wealthier districts suggests how recession has consolidated disparities between rich and poor neighbourhoods. Based on the empirical findings of this study, pools can be considered a proxy of increased socio-spatial disparities reflecting class segregation and economic polarization at the local scale.
Multi-route human health risk assessment from trihalomethanes in drinking and non-drinking water in Abadan, Iran
Authors: Kujlu Raheleh , Mahdavianpour Mostafa , Ghanbari Farshid 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNatural organic matter reacted with chlorine used for disinfection, and finally, trihalomethanes (THMs) are formatted. The main purpose of this study was to determine four THM concentrations and human health cancer risk and non-cancer risk assessment from exposure through oral ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation for males and females in Abadan. Two sampling sites were selected, and five samples before and after treatment by two different water treatment systems (RO and ion exchange) were collected every week. Results showed that total THM concentrations before and after treatment by RO were 98.1 and 8.88 μg/L, and ion exchange ranged between 101.9 and 14.96 μg/L, respectively, that before treatment was upper than the maximum of 80 mg/L recommended by USEPA. Inhalation was the primary route of exposure by around 80–90% of cancer risk. Total cancer risk was higher than the USEPA acceptable limit of 10−6 via three exposure routes. Oral route has the higher hazard index values than dermal ways.
Monitoring System of tourist traffic (MSTT) for tourists monitoring in mid-mountain national park, SW Poland
Authors: Rogowski Mateusz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNational parks are highly valuable natural areas and have the potential to attract a large number of visitors. The number of visitors at national parks is systematically increasing, often exceeding Tourism Carrying Capacity (TCC) of trails. This situation requires adjusting the number of park visitors to adapt to sustainable management systems of visitor flow, thus preventing or counteracting overtourism. The aim of the study is to propose a comprehensive method for tourists monitoring in mid-mountain national park presented on the example of the Stołowe Mountains National Park (SMNP) in Poland, called as Monitoring System of tourist traffic (MSTT). The study describes six stages procedure of tourists Monitoring System creation and application as an optimal measurement technique. The MSTT enabled a multidimensional analysis of tourist traffic in SMNP. With the help of 39 pyroelectric sensors and surveys data spatio-temporal characteristic of visitor flow was obtained. The data generated in MSTT included hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, and annual reports, taking into account the direction of traffic measuring both directions: entries (IN), exits (OUT) and passages (IN+OUT). The results from pyroelectric sensors were supplemented with field surveys, where visitor’s motivations, preferences, and behaviours were determined. In 2017 a total of 871,344 visitors were recorded in SMNP what causes one of the most popular national parks in Poland. The SMNP is a suitable destination for short breaks leisure visits in wilderness. In order to sustain MSTT methodology in the long-run the set of guidelines together with the workload estimates were presented. In the future, the MSTT can be further developed, including monitoring of climbing, cycling, cross-country skiing, car traffic and illegal tourism assessment. The MSTT can be considered as a useful tool for tourism management in mid-mountain national parks throughout the entire calendar year.
Tissue and Stem Cell Sourced Extracellular Vesicle Communications with Microglia
Authors: Spellicy Samantha E. , Stice Steven L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs), nano- to micro- sized vesicles released from cells, have garnered attention in recent years for their role in intercellular communication. Specifically, EVs from various cell sources including stem cells, have shown to have an exacerbatory or therapeutic effect in the content of pro- and anti-inflammatory environments through their interaction with immune recipient cells. This review aims to the coalescence information surrounding EVs derived from various sources and their interaction with microglia in neutral, anti, and pro- inflammatory environments. Overall, in homeostatic environments, EVs from many CNS lineages have been shown to have specific interactions with recipient microglia. In complex inflammatory environments, such as the tumor micro-environment (TME), EVs have been shown to further influence immune dampening through transition of microglia to a more M2-like phenotype. While not advantageous in the TME, this effect can be harnessed therapeutically in proinflammatory neurological conditions such as stroke, Alzheimer’s, and Parkinson’s. EVs derived from various stem cell and non-stem cell derived sources were found to attenuate proinflammatory responses in microglia in in vitro and in vivo models of these conditions. EVs loaded with anti-inflammatory therapeutics furthered this anti-inflammatory effect on recipient microglia.
Prospective evaluation of an anti-cancer drugs management programme in a dedicated oral therapy center (DICTO programme)
Authors: Deluche Elise , Darbas Tiffany , Bourcier Kevin , Montangon Loic , Bayard Geraldine , Caille Evelyne , Querrioux Julie , Suchaud Chantal , Zabaleta Sonia , Chaput Sabine , Le Brun-Ly Valerie , Pestre Julia , Venat Laurence , Thuillier Frédéric , Nevado Elodie , Maillan Gaelle , Jost Jeremy , Leobon Sophie , Tubiana-Mathieu Nicole , Lavau-Denes Sandrine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOral therapies have highly modified cancer patient management and changed hospital practises. We introduce a specific Oral Therapy Centre and retrospectively review information prospectively recorded by co-ordination nurses (CNs) (the DICTO programme). We describe the roles played by CNs in the management of oral cancer therapies at Limoges Dupuytren Hospital between May 2015 and June 2018. All cancers, irrespective of stage or whether oral general chemotherapy or targeted therapy was prescribed, are included. We followed up 287 patients of median age 67 years (range 26–89 years). Of these, 76% had metastases and 44% were on first-line therapy. The vast majority (88%) of their first CN contacts occurred just after physician consultation and lasted an average of 60 min. As part of follow-up, the CNs made 2719 calls (average 10 min) to patients to educate them and to verify compliance and drug tolerance. They also received 833 calls from patients (70%) or their relatives or health professionals (30%) seeking advice on management of side effects. In addition to the initial appointments, 1069 non-scheduled follow-up visits were made to assess side effects (49.2%). The CNs devoted 5 h to each patient over 3 months of treatment (i.e. 25 min/day) and, also organised scheduled hospitalisations in the department of oncology for 51% of patients. We show the interest and real-life work in a specific oral therapy centre within oncology department with the role of CNs to facilitate the global health care of the patients.
Neuroendocrine breast carcinoma: a rare but challenging entity
Authors: Trevisi Elena , La Salvia Anna , Daniele Lorenzo , Brizzi Maria Pia , De Rosa Giovanni , Scagliotti Giorgio V. , Di Maio Massimo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBreast carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation, also known as neuroendocrine breast carcinoma (NEBC), includes a heterogeneous group of rare tumors, which account for 2–5% of all invasive breast carcinomas. Because of their low incidence, most of the current limited knowledge of these tumors derives from anecdotal case reports or small retrospective series. The diagnosis of NEBC is based on the presence of morphological features similar to gastrointestinal and lung NETs and neuroendocrine markers. NEBCs are usually hormone receptors positive and HER2 negative, but despite this luminal phenotype, most recent studies suggested that NEBC could be associated with worse prognosis compared to invasive breast cancer without neuroendocrine differentiation. Due to its rarity and lack of randomized data, there is little evidence to guide the choice of treatment, so NEBC is currently treated as any invasive breast carcinoma not-otherwise specified. Recently, attempts to molecularly characterize NEBC have been made, in order to provide new targets for a more personalized treatment of this uncommon entity.
Consequences of barriers and changing seasonality on population dynamics and harvest of migratory ungulates
Authors: Van Moorter Bram , Engen Steinar , Fryxell John M. , Panzacchi Manuela , Nilsen Erlend B. , Mysterud Atle 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany animal populations providing ecosystem services, including harvest, live in seasonal environments and migrate between seasonally distinct ranges. Unfortunately, two major sources of human-induced global change threaten these populations: climate change and anthropogenic barriers. Anthropogenic infrastructure developments present a global threat to animal migrations through increased migration mortality or behavioral avoidance. Climate change alters the seasonal and spatial dynamics of resources and therefore the effects of migration on population performance. We formulated a population model with ideal-free migration to investigate changes in population size and harvest yield due to barriers and seasonal dynamics. The model predicted an increasing proportion of migrants when the difference between areas in seasonality or carrying capacity increased. Both migration cost and behavioral avoidance of barriers substantially reduced population size and harvest yields. Not surprisingly, the negative effects of barriers were largest when the population benefited most from migration. Despite the overall decline in harvest yield from a migratory population due to barriers, barriers could result in locally increased yield from the resident population following reduced competition from migrants. Our approach and results enhance the understanding of how global warming and infrastructure development worldwide may change population dynamics and harvest offtake affecting livelihoods and rural economies.
Production and planned in-orbit qualification of a function-integrated, additive manufactured satellite sandwich structure with embedded automotive electronics
Authors: Echsel M. , Springer P. , Hümbert S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAs part of the Integrated Research Platform for Affordable Satellites project, the German Aerospace Center, the Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation and the Institute for Space Systems at the University of Stuttgart are investigating new ways of manufacturing satellites more cost-effectively in the future. One of the investigated approaches is a new way of producing structural stalleite elements to save weight, volume and, therefore, costs. This publication presents a functional integrated satellite structure that combines the potentials of additive manufacturing of thermoplastics and miniaturized automotive electronics. The structures’ base is a sandwich with a printed core in which both, the wire harness and automotive micro-electromechanical systems sensors for position and thermal control are integrated. The partial aspects of additive manufacturing and the use of modern automotive electronics were investigated and assesed. In addition, an in-orbit experiment will be presented to evaluate the structure under real conditions.