bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Auditory fear conditioning alters neural gain in the cochlear nucleus: a wireless neural recording study in freely behaving rats
Authors: Paolini Antonio G. , Morgan Simeon J. , Kim Jee Hyun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Anxiety disorders involve distorted perception of the world including increased saliency of stress-associated cues. However, plasticity in the initial sensory regions of the brain following a fearful experience has never been examined. The cochlear nucleus (CN) is the first station in the central auditory system, with heterogeneous collections of neurons that not only project to but also receive projections from cortico-limbic regions, suggesting a potential for experience-dependent plasticity. Using wireless neural recordings in freely behaving rats, we demonstrate for the first time that neural gain in the CN is significantly altered by fear conditioning to auditory sequences. Specifically, the ventral subnuclei significantly increased firing rate to the conditioned tone sequence, while the dorsal subnuclei significantly decreased firing rate during the conditioning session overall. These findings suggest subregion-specific changes in the balance of inhibition and excitation in the CN as a result of conditioning experience. Heart rate was measured as the conditioned response (CR), which showed that while pre-conditioned stimulus (CS) responding did not change across baseline and conditioning sessions, significant changes in heart rate were observed to the tone sequence followed by shock. Heart-rate findings support acquisition of conditioned fear. Taken together, the present study presents first evidence for potential experience-dependent changes in auditory perception that involve novel plasticity within the first site of processing auditory information in the brain.
The dipper light curve of V715 Persei: is there dust in the magnetosphere?
Authors: Nagel E. , Bouvier J. 
Published: October 2020

Context. The dipper optical light curves in young stellar objects are commonly interpreted as partial or total occultation of the stellar radiation by dust surrounding the star.
Aims. In this work, we analyze the amplitude of the optical light curve of V715 Per, located in the young star forming region IC 348. Observations gathered over the years suggest that the light curve can be explained by dust extinction events.
Methods. In our model, the dust is distributed inside the magnetosphere according to the strength of the stellar magnetic field. The dust distribution is modulated by the vertical component of the field whose axis is misaligned with respect to the rotational axis. We include a model for evaporation of the dust reaching the magnetosphere in order to consistently calculate its distribution.
Results. For V715 Per, there is dust in the optically thick warp at the disk truncation radius. We suggest that the optical light curve is explained by extinction caused by dust reaching inside the magnetosphere. The dust distribution is optically thin, and it cannot survive for a long time because of the high temperature and low density. However, as the grains rapidly move towards the stellar surface and the sublimation is not instantaneous, there is a layer of dust covering the magnetosphere responsible for the extinction.
Conclusions. Dust surviving the harsh conditions of the magnetospheric accretion flow may be responsible for some of the dipper light curves.
Aktuelle ESPEN-Leitlinie Klinische Ernährung und Hydration in der Geriatrie
Authors: Volkert Dorothee 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungMalnutrition und Dehydration zählen zu den häufigsten geriatrischen Syndromen mit weitreichenden klinischen Folgen. Zudem gewinnt die Problematik der Adipositas auch im hohen Alter zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert zentrale evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen zur Prävention und Therapie der genannten Ernährungsprobleme aus der aktuellen europäischen ESPEN-Leitlinie.
Transition Metal Chelation Augments the Half-life of Secnidazole: Molecular Docking and Fluorescence Spectroscopic Approaches
Authors: Hossain Md. Jamal , Rashid Mohammad A. , Sultan Md. Zakir 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis current research aimed to establish the most required pharmacodynamics parameters of two transition metal complexes of an antimicrobial drug secnidazole. The spectroscopic fluorescence quenching strategy was outlined to evaluate the binding mechanism and binding affinity of nickel (II) and chromium (III) complexes of secnidazole with bovine serum albumin (BSA). The conformational modifications and the interacting patterns of the protein due to the interaction of the parent compound of the metal complexes have been investigated by molecular docking approach. The ligand-protein interactions were confirmed by the spectral quelling of the serum protein’s intensity in the presence of metal chelate of secnidazole. The quenching mechanism was an endothermic dynamic process. The calculated thermodynamic factors delineated van der Waals interactions mainly influenced the spontaneous process. The UV-fluorescence curves were studied to establish the energy transformation profile according to the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory. The double-logarithm plot exhibited the binding number that ensured the drug-protein interaction was at a 1:1 ratio. The compared binding constants dictated that both metal chelates gained higher binding affinity, longer half-life, and achieved the capacity to show the pharmacological effects by a lower dose than the parent molecule.
Antecubital Vein Cannula Position Impacts Assessment of Forearm Glucose Uptake During an Oral Glucose Challenge in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Bétry Cécile , Nixon Aline V. , Greenhaff Paul L. , Simpson Elizabeth J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction Skeletal muscle is a major site for whole-body glucose disposal, and determination of skeletal muscle glucose uptake is an important metabolic measurement, particularly in research focussed on interventions that impact muscle insulin sensitivity. Calculating arterial-venous difference in blood glucose can be used as an indirect measure for assessing glucose uptake. However, the possibility of multiple tissues contributing to the composition of venous blood, and the differential in glucose uptake kinetics between tissue types, suggests that sampling from different vein sites could influence the estimation of glucose uptake. This study aimed to determine the impact of venous cannula position on calculated forearm glucose uptake following an oral glucose challenge in resting and post-exercise states.
Materials and Methods In 9 young, lean, males, the impact of sampling blood from two antecubital vein positions; the perforating vein (‘perforating’ visit) and, at the bifurcation of superficial and perforating veins (‘bifurcation’ visit), was assessed. Brachial artery blood flow and arterialised-venous and venous blood glucose concentrations were measured in 3 physiological states; resting-fasted, resting-fed, and fed following intermittent forearm muscle contraction (fed-exercise).
Results Following glucose ingestion, forearm glucose uptake area under the curve was greater for the ‘perforating’ than for the ‘bifurcation’ visit in the resting-fed (5.92±1.56 vs. 3.69±1.35 mmol/60 min, P<0.01) and fed-exercise (17.38±7.73 vs. 11.40±7.31 mmol/75 min, P<0.05) states.
Discussion Antecubital vein cannula position impacts calculated postprandial forearm glucose uptake. These findings have implications for longitudinal intervention studies where serial determination of forearm glucose uptake is required.
Onset glottal stop deletion in Suva Rotuman
Authors: Fimone Wilfred 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper studies onset glottal stop deletion in the speech of Suva Rotumans, Fiji. The speech of 18 speakers was analysed and seven factors were tested to identify their prediction on glottal stop deletion. The linguistic factors tested were preceding sound segment, grammatical class, syllable stress, and style, while the social factors were age, gender, and denominational affiliation. Results reveal a change in progress, but towards glottal stop retention. Younger Rotumans and older Rotuman women are deleting glottal stops less compared to middle-aged women and older men. The low incidence of deletion by younger speakers is most probably due to identity, language education in Rotuman, and their increased awareness of their role in preserving the language. Additionally, older women are deleting glottal stops less, which could be attributed to contact, identity, and their consciousness of the standard.
Femtosecond fragmentation of CS2 after sulfur 1s ionization: interplay between Auger cascade decay, charge delocalization, and nuclear motion
Authors: Grånäs O , Mocellin A , Cardoso E S , Burmeister F , Caleman C , Björneholm O , de Brito A Naves 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the fragmentation of molecular CS2 after sulfur 1s Auger cascade decay, consisting of electron–multi-ion coincidence spectra of charged fragments and theoretical simulations combining density functional theory and molecular dynamics. On the experimental side, a procedure for a complete determination of all sets of ions formed is described. For many of the fragmentation channels, we observed a higher charge in one of the sulfur atoms than the other atoms. Based on these observations and the theoretical simulations where the time scale of the nuclear motion and decay is taken into account, we propose that KLL Auger decay after the 1s core hole creation, via 2p double hole states, results in highly charged and strongly repulsive states with one localized core hole. These localized core holes are sufficiently long-lived that some will decay after fragmentation of the molecular ion, thereby efficiently impeding charge exchange between the fragments.
Surface charge accumulation and decay in electrospray printing
Authors: Zhu Yaqun , Chiarot Paul R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In electrospray printing, the accumulation of electric charge on the target substrate plays an important role in governing the structure of the deposit. To better understand the effect of charge, we report on the use of two methods to measure the rate of charge accumulation and decay on dielectric substrates targeted with electrospray: ohmic dissipation (OhmD) and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM). The OhmD measurements were conducted on an assembly consisting of two different target materials: nylon and glass. The charge accumulation and decay were governed by the electrospray operating conditions, including spray time, flow rate, solution electrical conductivity, and the dielectric properties of the target. We found that the accumulation of charge influenced the electrospray mode in a transient way by decreasing the electric field strength between the emitter and the substrate. To complement the OhmD measurements, the charge accumulation and decay were measured at discrete spots on a silicon substrate coated with photoresist using EFM. These highly spatially resolved measurements revealed that while the electric charge was not distributed uniformly across the substrate, it still followed a similar decay trend as that obtained using the OhmD measurement. The results reported here will assist in understanding and predicting the structure of a deposit printed using electrospray.
Understanding the effects of off-state and hard-switching stress in gallium nitride-based power transistors
Authors: Modolo Nicola , De Santi Carlo , Minetto Andrea , Sayadi Luca , Sicre Sebastien , Prechtl Gerhard , Meneghesso Gaudenzio , Zanoni Enrico , Meneghini Matteo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to improve the understanding of gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) submitted to hard switching operation, with focus on the hot-electron phenomena. This is becoming a hot-topic both for the scientific community and for the industry. The analysis is carried out through a cross-comparison of three different experimental techniques: conventional Pulsed-IV characterization, a novel pulsed-drain current transient (P-DCT) method, and a custom-developed hard switching test protocol. Hard switching analysis was performed through a novel system able to test the device in hard-switching conditions with an unprecedented turn-on slew-rate of 25 V ns−1 on-wafer level. This allows μs to investigate the impact of hard switching in terms of (i) locus trajectory, (ii) dissipated power, and (iii) dynamic

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increase. Furthermore, the accumulation of switching stress is assessed by repeating the experiment with increasing frequency, from 1 kHz to 100 kHz. The extensive cross-analysis offers a novel insight on the degradation mechanisms occurring in power GaN HEMTs. The results collected within this paper allow: (1) to evaluate the dynamic behavior under both soft- and hard-switching stress, thus differentiating off-state and semi-on-state stress; (2) to pinpoint hot-electrons as the main cause of the current collapse observed in semi-on; (3) by comparing the results obtained from P-DCT and Hard Switching Analysis we demonstrate that the hot-electron trapping is a very fast process which can happen in few ns. The related trapping and de-trapping kinetics are investigated in detail. The results described within this paper provide novel insight on the important role of hot-electrons in the dynamic

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increase during hard switching operations.
Research on Surrounding Rock Deformation Prediction During Underground Excavation of Hydropower Station Based on Prototype Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Tengjiao , Ling Qi , Hu Bo , Li Guangyi , Guo Mingqun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes an improved gray model of equal dimensional innovation based on time-varying parameters and the gray characteristics of small sample and poor information of the safety monitoring data during underground cavern construction, so as to predict and judge the deformation of surrounding rocks in underground caverns and to obtain relatively reliable results in the analysis of uncertain systems. Under certain conditions, the improved gray model of equal dimensional innovation based on time-varying parameters can be used to predict the deformation of surrounding rocks during the excavation of underground caverns, thereby providing mathematical analysis tools for safe construction.
Design of 20 ft Multifunctional Platform Container
Authors: Yunze Yang , xia Yuan , Junhua Chen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In view of the problems of high transportation cost, low loading and unloading efficiency, poor reinforcement in the transportation of glass and coiled steel, combined with the transportation of tubular goods such as aluminum rods and logs, a safe, stable and recyclable 20ft multifunctional platform container is designed, which is based on the “Code for Steel Structure Design”. The overall structure of the 20ft multifunctional platform container consists of two parts: the bottom “platform” and the upper “A-frame”, which has three functions of loading coiled steel, tubular goods and bare glass. In addition, the feasibility of loading cargo on platform container was checked in accordance with the requirements of the “Rules for Loading and Reinforcement of Railway Cargo”. The platform container is constructed and carried on the finite element analysis by using the software named SolidWorks, its stress analysis and displacement analysis results are in line with relevant regulations. The designed multifunctional platform container can improve the loading and unloading efficiency of glass and coiled steel transportation, save loading reinforcement materials and transportation costs, having a promising market prospect.
Research on Railway Traffic Conflict Management Method in Onboard-centered Train Control System
Authors: Xiaonan Zhao , Yong Zhang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In order to ensure the safety of train operation and improve the ability of train to deal with emergencies independently, this paper classifies and defines the possible conflicts in railway operation, and proposes a method of train conflict prediction and collaborative resolution. The feasibility of this method is verified by the establishment of timed automata model for different operation scenarios. Finally, a prediction method of station level resource occupation conflict is proposed, which is verified by a simulation example.
Research on Supply and Demand Matching of Urban Public Transport Based on IC Card and GPS Data
Authors: Sun Qiuxia , Hao HE , Sun Lu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A research method to establish the matching degree of supply and demand of bus stations by using Moran’s I, which describes the spatial agglomerating feature, was proposed based on IC card and GPS data mining. The bus boarding station information was deduced by the time matching method and the passenger demand of the station was represented by the passenger flow in the station, the vehicle data from GPS data were selected as the bus service supply, the matching situation of bus supply and demand in different time periods in the whole city was researched, the degree of station imbalance was identified, to assist the bus system to optimize supply. Take Qingdao city as an example, the empirical research indicated that: It was concluded that the demand and supply of the bus service in the research area matched well on the whole, and the supply of buses at the bus stations basically met the travel demand of residents. According to the LISA diagram of station clustering distribution, the stations with a mismatch of supply and demand in the area were identified through spatio-temporal difference analysis, and the mismatch was relatively more obvious in regions where a small number of stations were located.
Research on anti-freezing and thermal insulation measures of tunnel in cold area
Authors: Zhang Lidong , Cao Yanfeng , Xiao Shilai , Guo Hongyan , Cao Peng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To solve the problem of freezing damage in tunnels in cold areas, based on the investigation and analysis of the existing tunnel insulation measures in cold regions, the Wunvfeng Tunnel is used as a supporting project. First, indoor tests are conducted to analyze the insulation performance, insulation effect and influencing factors of the cold insulation layer. The moisture-proof performance has a great influence on the cold-proof and thermal insulation effect. From the test results, it can be seen that when the thermal insulation layer is immersed in water, its thermal insulation performance decreases rapidly. The temperature behind the thermal insulation layer decreases rapidly with time, and the temperature quickly drops below zero without convergence, trend, the loss of cold-proof and thermal insulation performance. Then, through numerical simulation, the thermal insulation effect of different insulation layer laying methods (intermediate method, double layer method and surface method) was compared and analyzed, and it was concluded that under the same thickness of insulation layer, the better insulation layer laying method was surface method. It also shows that the closer the insulation layer is to the interface between the surrounding rock and the ambient air, the better its insulation effect.
Deimos rendezvous mission analysis and orbital design based on the Mars survey
Authors: Wang Zuopeng , Xie Xin , Xu Ming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Imaging the Martian surface with a sun-synchronous orbit is a fundamental task of most current Mars exploration programs. In this paper, the Mars-Deimos multi-target orbit design is carried out for a small spacecraft that uses the spacecraft’s spare spacecraft to achieve a carrier launch. Due to the 92.7° inclination of the working orbit of the main detector, Deimos detection is carried out by means of a swept intersection: The working orbit is designed for a large elliptical orbit with a critical inclination of 116.6° and a lifetime of 280 Deimos intersections. Unlike the Viking-1 orbital control, which is used to suppress arch line drift, the working track maintenance strategy designed in this paper is used only to eliminate tangential drift, and keep the consumption and frequency reducing with increasing orbital accuracy. Finally, the working orbit was analysed for its imaging, illumination and metrological/numeric transmission conditions and the spatio-temporal distribution of occult events between the small spacecraft and the main probe. Deimos imaging plan is used in the pre life descent phase, and Mars surface imaging plan is used in the post life ascent phase. The results of the analysis indicate that the full use of the carrier margin for small spacecraft launch can be carried out, for example, imaging the surface of Mars and Centaur, and covering the earth’s atmosphere with the main detector. The working orbit and orbital control strategies are designed to take into account the impact of orbital determination errors and main actuators (both short-period and long-period items, etc.) on the Deimos rendezvous, and to have engineering implementation conditions.
The detection method of positioning accuracy in CORS system exists
Authors: Yinghao Li , Chunlei Guo , Yang Zhao , Chuanyun Yue 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The positioning accuracy detection of CORS system is an essential link before it is put into market. However, the location accuracy detection method does not take into account the correlation between the comprehensive environment around the detection point and the external coincidence accuracy, so the method is not rigorous and scientific. This paper proposes a method based on nonparametric statistics, which can verify the correlation between the comprehensive environment around the detection point and the external coincidence accuracy from a mathematical point of view, and then it is incorporated into the traditional positioning accuracy detection method, and is verified by a CORS system. The results are satisfactory, which proves that this method is very effective in compensating the integrity of CORS positioning accuracy detection method.
Optimal signal timing design for the intersection of Dazhi Street and Hexing Road
Authors: Liu Liqiang , Yin Yuexiu , Tian Na , Guo Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The phenomenon of intersection congestion has become a major problem in the city. Based on the intersection of Hexing road and Dazhi street, the delay phenomenon of Urban Road intersection is optimized. The intersection of Hexing road and Dazhi street is seriously delayed. In order to improve the road capacity of the intersection and reduce the delay of the intersection, the traffic characteristics parameters of the intersection during peak period are obtained, and the traffic capacity and intersection service level of the signalized intersection are analyzed and calculated. Based on the study of the basic content and research methods of signal timing at signalized intersections, the microscopic simulation software VISSIM was used to improve the traffic control scheme with serious delays at intersections and low urban road capacity, the simulation optimization is carried out by changing the signal timing and resetting the channelization scheme of intersection. Meanwhile, the signal timing of intersection is optimized. The results show that the traffic capacity of the intersection has been greatly improved by VISSIM simulation.