bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted Synthesis of NIR Luminescent Rhenium Diimine cis,trans‐[Re()(CO)2(L)2]n+ Complexes Containing N‐Donor Axial Ligands: Photophysical, Electrochemical, and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Shakirova J. R. , Nayeri S. , Jamali S. , Porsev Vitaly V. , Gurzhiy Vladislav V. , Levin Oleg V. , Koshevoy I. O. , Tunik S. P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe combined action of ultraviolet irradiation and microwave heating onto acetonitrile solution of [Re(
)(CO)3(NCMe)]OTf (
=phenantroline and neocuproine) afforded cis,trans‐Re(
)(CO)2(NCMe)2]+ acetonitrile derivatives. Substitution of relatively labile NCMe with a series of aromatic N‐donor ligands (pyridine, pyrazine, 4,4’‐bipyridine, N‐methyl‐4,4’‐bipyridine) gave a novel family of the diimine cis,trans‐[Re(
)(CO)2(L)2]+ complexes. Photophysical studies of the obtained compounds in solution revealed unusually high absorption across the visible region and NIR phosphorescence with emission band maxima ranging from 711 to 805 nm. The nature of emissive excited states was studied using DFT calculations to show dominant contribution of 3MLCT (dπ(Re)→π*(
)) character. Electrochemical (CV and DPV) studies of the monocationic diimine complexes revealed one reduction and one oxidation wave assigned to reduction of the diimine moiety and oxidation of the rhenium center, respectively.
The sex‐specific effect of the apolipoprotein E allele and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphism on the biochemical, anatomical, and cognitive profiles of patients clinically diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kim Hee‐Jin , Park Junhui , Kim Yong Sung , Park Jinseok 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the sex‐specific effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) alleles and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism on the biochemical, anatomical, and cognitive profiles of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients.MethodsThe patient (followed‐up for at least 2 years) medical records, which comprised of data on plasma homocysteine and folate levels, lipid profile, HbA1c, MTHFR C677T genotype, APOE allele type, mini‐mental state examination (MMSE) and clinical dementia rating (CDR) scores, and brain scans, were retrospectively analyzed. Two trained neurologists scored the white matter lesions (Fazekas scale), medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA), and microbleeds using brain magnetic resonance imaging scans.ResultsThis study included 574 patients clinically diagnosed with probable AD (average age, 73.2 years; mean MMSE score, 10.05). The effect of sex on all parameters was evaluated. The triglyceride (TG) and homocysteine levels and the MTA and Fazekas scores were higher in female APOE‐ε4/ε4 carriers than in women without APOE‐ε4. The TG and homocysteine levels were lower in men with the MTHFR CC allele than in those with the MTHFR TT allele. In contrast, MTHFR polymorphism and APOE‐ε4 alleles were not significantly correlated with anatomical lesions and rate of decline in the MMSE and CDR scores.ConclusionsWe demonstrated the sex‐specific effect of the APOE allele and MTHFR polymorphism on the serological and anatomical biomarkers in AD patients. The APOE allele and MTHFR mutations did not directly affect cognitive progression, but differentially affected other biochemical factors, between the sexes. These findings will aid in devising novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Institutional financial toxicity of failure to adhere to treatment guidelines for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jurica James M. , Rubio Felixnando , Hernandez David J. , Sandulache Vlad C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundDelays in treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are known to increase disease recurrence, generating the need for additional salvage treatment, often with immunotherapy.MethodsThree treatment metrics were identified: time from diagnosis to treatment initiation (TTI), time from surgery to postoperative radiotherapy (surg → PORT), and total treatment package time (TPT). Financial toxicity was calculated using hazard ratios, pembrolizumab cost, and dosing data for a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) institutional cohort (n = 338) and a standardized cohort (n = 100).ResultsEstimated financial toxicity for the VHA cohort was $2 047 407, $316 545, and $1 114 101 for TTI, surg → PORT, and TPT, respectively. Estimated financial toxicity for the standardized patient cohort was $454 028, $544 576, and $1 879 628 for TTI, surg → PORT, and TPT, respectively.ConclusionsFailure to meet established HNSCC treatment metrics generates significant, yet avoidable, institutional financial toxicity which is particularly relevant to integrated single‐payer systems such as the VHA in the modern immunotherapy era.
Novel insights into the computational techniques in unsteady MHD second‐grade fluid dynamics with oscillatory boundary conditions
Authors: Ali Liaqat , Khan Noor S. , Ali Rohail , Islam Saeed , Kumam Poom , Thounthong Phatiphat 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study presents mechanisms for the investigation of an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic second‐grade fluid flow between two periodically oscillating plates. The flow characterization is given in three forms, that is, Couette flow, Poiseuille flow, and a combination flow of both of them. A mathematical system is generated to design the problems, which are solved in an analytical way with two novel procedures, namely Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and optimal homotopy asymptotic method (OHAM). The numerical comparison, absolute errors, and residuals of OHAM and ADM solutions are evaluated. Results obtained from these two methods are studied comparatively in the form of numbers and graphs. A good agreement between the respective data is obtained. The influences of flow parameters like frequency parameter, non‐Newtonian fluid parameter, magnetic field parameter, pressure gradient parameter, and time variable on velocity have been analyzed.
High‐throughput metabolomics method based on liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry: Insights into the underlying mechanisms of salinity–alkalinity exposure‐induced metabolites changes in Barbus capito
Authors: Sun Yan‐Chun , Han Shi‐Cheng , Yao Ming‐Zhu , Wang Yu‐Mei , Geng Long‐Wu , Wang Peng , Lu Wei‐Hong , Liu Hong‐Bai 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIt is critical to investigate the adaptive development and the physiological mechanism of fish in external stimulation. In this study, the response of Barbus capito to salinity–alkalinity exposure was explored by high‐throughput nontargeted and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics to investigate metabolic biomarker and pathway changes. Meanwhile, the biochemical indexes of Barbus capito were measured to discover the chronic impairment response to salinity–alkalinity exposures. A total of 29 tissue metabolites were determined to deciphering the endogenous metabolic changes of fishes during the different concentration salinity–alkalinity exposures environment, which were mainly involved in the key metabolism including the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, arachidonic acid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, citrate cycle, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Finally, we found the amino acid metabolism as key target was associated with the endogenous metabolites and metabolic pathways of Barbus capito to salinity–alkalinity exposures. In conclusion, metabolomics is a potentially powerful tool to reveal the mechanism information of fish in various exposure environments.
Mechanically Stable Dynamic Urea Bond‐Based Crosslinked Polymer Blend with Tunable Self‐Healable and Physical Properties
Authors: Zhou Zhongqun , Chen Shenye , Li Weichen , He Junjie , Yu Caili , Zhang Faai 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolymer networks crosslinked by reversible noncovalent crosslinks have been applied in self‐healing and recyclable sustainable materials but result in limited mechanical strength. Herein, a crosslinked polymer blend that is based on a urethane–arcylate system with a combination of reversibly noncovalent intrachain and interchain hydrogen bonds and dynamically covalent urea bonds is developed through facile in situ photo‐induced copolymerization. An essential step is the introduction of a flexibly dynamic crosslinker bearing robustly hindered urea bonds and urethane–urea structures into the network, which endows the dynamic network with a synergy of mechanical robustness and desirable self‐healing ability. The dynamic networks exhibit rapid self‐healing at mild conditions (70 °C, 30 min), extreme toughness (≈34.76 MJ m−3), high tensile strength (≈7.78 MPa), superior stretchability (≈932%), long‐term stability, recyclability, and weldability. More importantly, the mechanical and self‐healing properties of the resultant materials can be fine‐tuned by adjusting the dynamic crosslinker content. These superior properties are attributed to the dynamic reversibility of hydrogen bonds and urea bonds as monitored by rheological tests. The extremely facile fabrication approach and superior properties of the resulting self‐healing polymers can find applications in sustainable smart materials and self‐healing conductive sensors.
Embedding of Molecular Structure Using Molecular Hypergraph Variational Autoencoder with Metric Learning
Authors: Koge Daiki , Ono Naoaki , Huang Ming , Altaf‐Ul‐Amin Md. , Kanaya Shigehiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDeep learning approaches are widely used to search molecular structures for a candidate drug/material. The basic approach in drug/material candidate structure discovery is to embed a relationship that holds between a molecular structure and the physical property into a low‐dimensional vector space (chemical space) and search for a candidate molecular structure in that space based on a desired physical property value. Deep learning simplifies the structure search by efficiently modeling the structure of the chemical space with greater detail and lower dimensions than the original input space. In our research, we propose an effective method for molecular embedding learning that combines variational autoencoders (VAEs) and metric learning using any physical property. Our method enables molecular structures and physical properties to be embedded locally and continuously into VAEs’ latent space while maintaining the consistency of the relationship between the structural features and the physical properties of molecules to yield better predictions.
Penetration, distribution, and elimination of remofuscin/soraprazan in Stargardt mouse eyes following a single intravitreal injection using pharmacokinetics and transmission electron microscopic autoradiography: Implication for the local treatment of Stargardt’s disease and dry age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Julien‐Schraermeyer Sylvie , Illing Barbara , Tschulakow Alexander , Taubitz Tatjana , Guezguez Jamil , Burnet Michael , Schraermeyer Ulrich 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAge‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in older people in the developed world while Stargardt's disease (SD) is a juvenile macular degeneration and an orphan disease. Both diseases are untreatable and are marked by accumulation of lipofuscin advancing to progressive deterioration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and retina and subsequent vision loss till blindness. We discovered that a small molecule belonging to the tetrahydropyridoether class of compounds, soraprazan renamed remofuscin, is able to remove existing lipofuscin from the RPE. This study investigated the drug penetration, distribution, and elimination into the eyes of a mouse model for increased lipofuscinogenesis, following a single intravitreal injection. We measured the time course of concentrations of remofuscin in different eye tissues using high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectroscopy (HPLC‐MS). We also visualized the penetration and distribution of 3H‐remofuscin in eye sections up to 20 weeks post‐injection using transmission electron microscopic (TEM) autoradiography. The distribution of silver grains revealed that remofuscin accumulated specifically in the RPE by binding to the RPE pigments (melanin, lipofuscin and melanolipofuscin) and that it was still detected after 20 weeks. Importantly, the melanosomes in choroidal melanocytes only rarely bind remofuscin emphasizing its potential to serve as an active ingredient in the RPE for the treatment of SD and dry AMD. In addition, our study highlights the importance of electron microscopic autoradiography as it is the only method able to show drug binding with a high intracellular resolution.
Passivity‐based robust adaptive sliding mode control for singular time‐delay systems with uncertainties in both derivative matrix and some other system matrices
Authors: Liu Qi , Qi Zongfeng , Li Jianxun , Ma Shuping , Yang Chunyu 
Published: November 2020

SummaryThis article addresses the passivity analysis and passification problems for a class of nonlinear singular time‐varying delay systems with the special forms of uncertainties in both derivative matrix and some other system matrices by adopting adaptive sliding mode control (SMC) strategy. First, a distinctive state augmentation technique, which keeps the admissibility and the robust passivity unchanged, is employed due to “left‐singular” form uncertainty in the derivative matrix (ie,). Next, an integral‐type sliding surface, which involves the SMC gain matrixK, is constructed. By designing an appropriate Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functional and introducing slack matrix approach, in which the slack matrixis not constrained in contrast to most existing literatures, a new sufficient condition is derived to ensure that the resulting sliding mode dynamics is admissible and robustly passive for all admissible uncertainties. Additionally, for the passification problem, a delay‐dependent sufficient condition is proposed in the form of strict linear matrix inequality (LMI), which not only removes the equality constraint but also makes the SMC gain matrixKsolvable. Then a novel adaptive SMC law, which does not need to use the assumption that bounds of nonlinear perturbation function and external disturbance are known constants, is synthesized such that the finite‐time reachability can be guaranteed. And the state information before and after state augmented transformation is utilized in SMC law design to help achieve better performance. Finally, four examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness, superiority, and less conservativeness of the proposed scheme.
Delamination detection on a concrete bridge deck using impact echo scanning
Authors: Scherr Johannes F. , Grosse Christian U. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this large‐scale field study we use a prototype impact‐echo scanner to detect delaminations on a concrete bridge deck surveying in total over 17,000 m2. Delaminated bridge sections are known from manual sounding and coring. A large‐scale damage assessment is necessary to identify the need of repair work. Based on first results, two lanes of the bridge are repaired and in subsequent tests the bonding of fresh and old concrete is examined. It shows that delaminations found on the bridge deck surface are unevenly distributed with more defects on the southbound lanes. This indicates constructional problems during the concrete placement. The developed scanner excites stress waves by dropping steel solenoids on the surface and recording the impact‐echo frequency by air‐coupled microphone arrays. It is pushed at a speed of 600 m/h, hitting the surface 300 times per square meter. The recorded data is preprocessed on site with an automated delamination detection threshold implemented. Found delaminations are transferred to a bridge map to allow an overall damage assessment.
Dichloroacetate attenuates the stemness of colorectal cancer cells via trigerring ferroptosis through sequestering iron in lysosomes
Authors: Sun Jie , Cheng Xiuqin , Pan Shubo , Wang Liangjing , Dou Wenhuan , Liu Jie , Shi Xiaohua 
Published: November 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer stem cell (CSC) has been regarded to be the root of colorectal cancer progression. However, there is still no effective therapeutic method targeting colorectal CSC in clinical application. Here, we investigated the effects of dichloroacetate (DCA) on colorectal cancer cell stemness. We showed that DCA could reduce colorectal cancer cell stemness in a dose‐dependent manner, which is evident by the decreased expression of stemness markers, tumor cell sphere‐formation and cell migration ability. In addition, it was found that DCA trigerred the ferroptosis of colorectal CSC, which is characterized as the upregulation of iron concentration, lipid peroxides, and glutathione level, and decreased cell viability. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that DCA could sequester iron in lysosome and thus trigger ferroptosis, which is necessary for DCA‐mediated attenuation on colorectal cancer cell stemness. Taken together, this work suggests that DCA might be a colorectal CSC‐killer.
Geometrically nonlinear models of static deformation of micropolar elastic thin plates and shallow shells
Authors: Sargsyan Armenuhi , Sargsyan Samvel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present paper considers micropolar plates and shallow shells, the elastic deflections of which are comparable with their thickness and are small in comparison with characteristic cross‐section size. At the same time, both rotation angles of the normal to the median surface before deformation and their free rotations are small. Also, in the tensors of deformation and flexures‐torsions, the nonlinear members in the gradients of the displacement are considered. Hypothesis method is developed, on the basis of which general applied models of static deformation of the micropolar elastic flexible plates and shallow shells are constructed. On the basis of these models, specific problems for the micropolar elastic flexible rectangular plates and shallow shells rectangular in cross‐section are solved in case, when bounds are hinge‐supported. On the basis of numerical analysis, certain effective features of the micropolar material are established in comparison with the corresponding classical material.
Introduction: Citizen Organisations, Transnational Solidarity and Collective Learning in Europe
Authors: Lahusen Christian , Zschache Ulrike , Kousis Maria 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis edited volume is devoted to the analysis of practices of transnational solidarity in response to the various crises affecting Europe, especially the economic and refugee crises. Its aim is to present new insights into existing informal groups, at the grassroots, geared at furthering transnational solidarity in three thematic areas (disability, unemployment and immigration) and builds on extensive fieldwork in eight European countries (Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Switzerland and the UK). The introductory chapter provides an overview of the topic and the related research, discusses conceptual and methodological issues, and presents the structure of the book. It argues that the transnational solidarity work of citizen groups and organisations is strongly shaped by the socio-economic and political context in which they operate, by the action repertoires they promote, the networks of cooperation they are involved in and the experiences and lessons learned by engaged citizens and activists. It argues that in spite of apparent differences tied to contexts, there are a number of similarities in regard to the way transnationally oriented solidarity groups and organisations respond to societal challenges.
Organisational Solidarity in Switzerland Across Fields: Interlinkage Between Immigration and (Un)employment
Authors: Fernández G. G. Eva , Nicole-Berva Ophelia , Nadler Anna-Lena 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter is devoted to an in-depth analysis of qualitative interviews about practices of solidarity in Switzerland among the fields of (un)employment and immigration. The chapter shows how institutional arrangements (policy frameworks) shape organisational solidarity within and across these two fields. The history of immigration in Switzerland goes hand in hand with the development of labour policies. This entrenchment is reflected in the activities held by the transnational solidarity organisations (TSOs) and the type of beneficiaries they support. The current research assesses TSOs’ solidarity practices while focusing on their networks of cooperation. Findings reveal that although “immigrants” and “workers” are not mutually exclusive groups, there is an implicit boundary between (un)employment and immigration associations. This translates into an organisational gap where people in situations of multiple sources of vulnerability lack full organisational support (e.g., precarious immigrant workers).
Description of the Vascular Anatomy of Livers with Absence of the Portal Bifurcation
Authors: Terasaki Fumihiro , Yamamoto Yusuke , Sugiura Teiichi , Okamura Yukiyasu , Ito Takaaki , Ashida Ryo , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Aramaki Takeshi , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe absence of the portal bifurcation (APB) is a rare anatomic variation, in which the horizontal part of the left portal vein (PV) is missing. The aim of this study was to identify the vascular architecture in livers with APB.MethodsComputed tomography data for 17,651 patients were reviewed; five patients (0.03%) were found to present with APB. The liver volume and anatomy of APB patients were compared with those of 30 patients with normal livers.ResultsAll the APB patients exhibited an independent posterior branch of the PV. The intrahepatic left PV (LPV) ran through either the ventral (n = 2, 40%) or dorsal side (n = 3, 60%) of the middle hepatic vein. The frequency of medial branches diverging from the LPV was higher in patients with APB than in normal patients (p < 0.001). The left hepatic duct (LHD) ran through the inside of the left lobe along the left PV in 40% of the patients with APB, whereas in the remaining 60% of the patients with APB, the LHD ran on the outside of the liver separately from the left PV and joined the right hepatic duct. The liver volume of the left lateral section was significantly smaller (p = 0.014), and the posterior section was significantly larger (p = 0.014) in patients with APB than in patients with normal livers.ConclusionThe unique anatomical characteristics and the positional relation of the vessels should be considered preoperatively in patients with APB.
Stability Analysis of a Periodic Fluid-Conveying Heterogeneous Nanotube System
Authors: Dai Jiayin , Liu Yongshou , Tong Guojun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the stability of a periodic heterogeneous nanotube conveying fluid is investigated. The governing equations of the nanotube system are derived based on the nonlocal Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. The dynamic stiffness method is employed to analyze the natural frequencies and critical flow velocities of the heteronanotube. The results and discussions are presented from three aspects which reveal the influences of period number, material length ratio and boundary conditions. In particular, we make comparisons between the heterogeneous nanotubes with periodic structure and the homogeneous ones with the same integral values of material properties along the longitudinal direction to isolate the influences of periodic distribution. According to the simulation results, we can conclude that with a proper selection of period number in terms of length ratio, the stability of the constructed nanotube can be improved.