bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural variation and evolutionary dynamics of transposable elements in Brassica oleracea based on next-generation sequencing data
Authors: Liu Zhen , Fan Miao , Yue Er-Kui , Li Yu , Tao Ruo-Fu , Xu Hai-Ming , Duan Ming-Hua , Xu Jian-Hong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBrassica oleraceacomprises various economically important vegetables and presents extremely diverse morphological variations. They provide a rich source of nutrition for human health and have been used as a model system for studying polyploidization. Transposable elements (TEs) account for nearly 40% of theB. oleraceagenome and contribute greatly to genetic diversity and genome evolution. Although the proliferation of TEs has led to a large expansion of theB. oleraceagenome, little is known about the population dynamics and evolutionary activity of TEs. A comprehensive mobilome profile of 45,737 TE loci was obtained from resequencing data from 121 diverse accessions across nineB. oleraceamorphotypes. Approximately 70% (32,195) of the loci showed insertion polymorphisms between or within morphotypes. In particular, up to 1221 loci were differentially fixed among morphotypes. Further analysis revealed that the distribution of the population frequency of TE loci was highly variable across different TE superfamilies and families, implying a diverse expansion history during host genome evolution. These findings provide better insight into the evolutionary dynamics and genetic diversity ofB. oleraceagenomes and will potentially serve as a valuable resource for molecular markers and association studies between TE-based genomic variations and morphotype-specific phenotypic differentiation.
Validity assessment of the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (spise) for diagnosis of cardiometabolic risk in post-pubertal hispanic adolescents
Authors: Correa-Burrows Paulina , Blanco Estela , Gahagan Sheila , Burrows Raquel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInsulin measurements are not advised for cardiometabolic risk screening in large groups. Here we assessed the accuracy of the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) to diagnose cardiometabolic risk in Chilean adolescents. In 678 post-pubertal adolescents (52% males, M(SD) age = 16.8 (0.2) years), height, weight, waist circumference, blood lipids, glucose, insulin, and blood pressure were measured. BMI, HOMA-IR, and SPISE were estimated; HOMA-IR values ≥ 2.6 were considered insulin resistance (IR). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined with the joint IDF/AHA/NHBLI standard. Using receiver operating characteristic curves, we obtained optimal SPISE cutpoints for IR and MetS diagnosis. The prevalence of MetS and IR was 8.2% and 17.1%, respectively. In males, the optimal cutoff for MetS diagnosis was 5.0 (sensitivity: 97%; specificity: 82%), and the optimal cutoff for IR diagnosis was 5.9 (sensitivity: 71%; specificity: 83%). In females, a SPISE of 6.0 had the highest sensitivity (90%) and specificity (74%) for MetS diagnosis. A SPISE of 6.4 was the optimal cutoff for IR diagnosis; however, sensitivity and specificity were 61% and 75%. In males and female post-pubertal adolescents, SPISE had a very good and good diagnostic performance, respectively, in predicting MetS. It was an accurate diagnostic tool for IR prediction in males, but not necessarily in females.
Aggravation of symptom severity in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder by latent Toxoplasma gondii infection: a case–control study
Authors: Lam Alexandra P. , de Sordi Dominik , Müller Helge H. O. , Lam Martin C. , Carl Angelika , Kohse Klaus P. , Philipsen Alexandra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractToxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has a high worldwide prevalence and an underestimated impact on neuropsychiatric disorders. Previous studies related T. gondii to disorders associated with the dysfunctional dopaminergic system. However, an association between T. gondii infection and adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has not yet been studied. In a sex- and age-matched case–control study, we investigated the seropositivity, serointensity, and avidity of latent T. gondii infection in adult ADHD patients and examined the influence of those variables on the symptomatology of ADHD. Of 140 participants, 20.0% were seropositive for anti-T. gondii IgG and 0% for anti-T. gondii IgM. T. gondii seropositivity was associated with 2.8-fold increase in the odds of ADHD in a confounder-adjusted multivariable analysis. Age and consumption of raw/undercooked meat were confirmed as significant predictors of T. gondii seropositivity. Multiple linear regression analysis of self-rated ADHD-related symptom severity in all participants revealed a significant association with T. gondii seropositivity, elevated IgG titers (serointensity), and stronger anti-T. gondii IgG avidity. Overall symptom severity was increased in seropositive ADHD patients compared to seronegative subjects with ADHD. In particular, hyperactivity was significantly associated with serointensity. We conclude that there is a high rate of T. gondii seropositivity in adults with ADHD. Additionally, our results suggest a clinical impact of latent T. gondii infection on ADHD-related symptoms in a serointensity- and avidity-dependent manner.
Differential contribution of bone marrow-derived infiltrating monocytes and resident macrophages to persistent lung inflammation in chronic air pollution exposure
Authors: Gangwar Roopesh Singh , Vinayachandran Vinesh , Rengasamy Palanivel , Chan Ricky , Park Bongsoo , Diamond-Zaluski Rachel , Cara Elaine Ann , Cha Anthony , Das Lopa , Asase Courteney , Maiseyeu Andrei , Deiuliis Jeffrey , Zhong Jixin , Mitzner Wayne , Biswal Shyam , Rajagopalan Sanjay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChronic exposure to particulate matter < 2.5µ (PM2.5) has been linked to cardiopulmonary disease. Tissue-resident (TR) alveolar macrophages (AΦ) are long-lived, self-renew and critical to the health impact of inhalational insults. There is an inadequate understanding of the impact of PM2.5 exposure on the nature/time course of transcriptional responses, self-renewal of AΦ, and the contribution from bone marrow (BM) to this population. Accordingly, we exposed chimeric (CD45.2/CD45.1) mice to concentrated PM2.5 or filtered air (FA) to evaluate the impact on these end-points. PM2.5 exposure for 4-weeks induced an influx of BM-derived monocytes into the lungs with no contribution to the overall TR-AΦ pool. Chronic (32-weeks) PM2.5 exposure on the other hand while associated with increased recruitment of BM-derived monocytes and their incorporation into the AΦ population, resulted in enhanced apoptosis and decreased proliferation of TR-AΦ. RNA-seq analysis of isolated TR-AΦ and BM-AΦ from 4- and 32-weeks exposed mice revealed a unique time-dependent pattern of differentially expressed genes. PM2.5 exposure resulted in altered histological changes in the lungs, a reduced alveolar fraction which corresponded to protracted lung inflammation. Our findings suggest a time-dependent entrainment of BM-derived monocytes into the AΦ population of PM2.5 exposed mice, that together with enhanced apoptosis of TR-AΦ and reorganization of transcriptional responses, could collectively contribute to the perpetuation of chronic inflammation.
Effectiveness of dismantling strategies on moderated vs. unmoderated online social platforms
Authors: Artime Oriol , d’Andrea Valeria , Gallotti Riccardo , Sacco Pier Luigi , De Domenico Manlio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOnline social networks are the perfect test bed to better understand large-scale human behavior in interacting contexts. Although they are broadly used and studied, little is known about how their terms of service and posting rules affect the way users interact and information spreads. Acknowledging the relation between network connectivity and functionality, we compare the robustness of two different online social platforms, Twitter and Gab, with respect to banning, or dismantling, strategies based on the recursive censor of users characterized by social prominence (degree) or intensity of inflammatory content (sentiment). We find that the moderated (Twitter) vs. unmoderated (Gab) character of the network is not a discriminating factor for intervention effectiveness. We find, however, that more complex strategies based upon the combination of topological and content features may be effective for network dismantling. Our results provide useful indications to design better strategies for countervailing the production and dissemination of anti-social content in online social platforms.
Myocardial proteomic profile in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Hołda Mateusz K. , Stachowicz Aneta , Suski Maciej , Wojtysiak Dorota , Sowińska Natalia , Arent Zbigniew , Palka Natalia , Podolec Piotr , Kopeć Grzegorz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, fatal, and incurable disorder. Although advances in the understanding of the PAH pathobiology have been seen in recent years, molecular processes underlying heart remodelling over the course of PAH are still insufficiently understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate myocardial proteomic profile of rats at different stages of monocrotaline-induced PAH. Samples of left and right ventricle (LV and RV) free wall collected from 32 Wistar rats were subjected to proteomic analysis using an isobaric tag for relative quantitation method. Hemodynamic parameters indicated development of mild elevation of pulmonary artery pressure in the early PAH group (27.00 ± 4.93 mmHg) and severe elevation in the end-stage PAH group (50.50 ± 11.56 mmHg). In early PAH LV myocardium proteins that may be linked to an increase in inflammatory response, apoptosis, glycolytic process and decrease in myocardial structural proteins were differentially expressed compared to controls. During end-stage PAH an increase in proteins associated with apoptosis, fibrosis and cardiomyocyte Ca2+ currents as well as decrease in myocardial structural proteins were observed in LV. In RV during early PAH, especially proteins associated with myocardial structural components and fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway were upregulated. During end-stage PAH significant changes in RV proteins abundance related to the increased myocardial structural components, intensified fibrosis and glycolytic processes as well as decreased proteins related to cardiomyocyte Ca2+ currents were observed. At both PAH stages changes in RV proteins linked to apoptosis inhibition were observed. In conclusion, we identified changes of the levels of several proteins and thus of the metabolic pathways linked to the early and late remodelling of the left and right ventricle over the course of monocrotaline-induced PAH to delineate potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this severe disease.
Five years’ trajectories of functionality and pain in patients after hip or knee replacement and association with long-term patient survival
Authors: Repky Stefan , Büchele Gisela , Günther Klaus-Peter , Huch Klaus , Brenner Hermann , Stürmer Til , Beyersmann Jan , Brenner Rolf E. , Rothenbacher Dietrich 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo describe the 5 years’ trajectories in functionality and pain of patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis and arthroplasty and analyze the association of these with long-term patients survival. Patients with OA receiving total hip or knee arthroplasty were recruited and completed two sets of standardized questionnaires for functionality and pain 6, 12, and 60 months postoperatively. Multivariate mixed models were conducted to assess trajectories over time and the resulting improvement per month during the last time period was included in a landmark-model to estimate adjusted hazard ratios for mortality. In total 809 patients with joint replacement were included (mean age 65.0 years, 62.2% female), 407 patients died (median follow-up 18.4 years). Both instruments of functionality and pain showed extensive improvement during the first 6 months. Baseline and change in functionality (both p < 0.001) and pain (p = 0.02) during the first 6 months were associated with mortality. Better values in functionality corresponded with improved survival whereas the association with the pain scores was inverse. In patients with hip and knee OA, an explicit improvement in function is seen within the first 6 months after arthroplasty. In addition, especially the functionality scores at baseline as well as their improvement showed an association with long-term patient survival.
JNK signaling regulates oviposition in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae
Authors: Peirce Matthew J. , Mitchell Sara N. , Kakani Evdoxia G. , Scarpelli Paolo , South Adam , Shaw W. Robert , Werling Kristine L. , Gabrieli Paolo , Marcenac Perrine , Bordoni Martina , Talesa Vincenzo , Catteruccia Flaminia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe reproductive fitness of theAnopheles gambiaemosquito represents a promising target to prevent malaria transmission. The ecdysteroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), transferred from male to female during copulation, is key toAn. gambiaereproductive success as it licenses females to oviposit eggs developed after blood feeding. Here we show that 20E-triggered oviposition in these mosquitoes is regulated by the stress- and immune-responsive c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The heads of mated females exhibit a transcriptional signature reminiscent of a JNK-dependent wounding response, while mating—or injection of virgins with exogenous 20E—selectively activates JNK in the same tissue. RNAi-mediated depletion of JNK pathway components inhibits oviposition in mated females, whereas JNK activation by silencing the JNK phosphatasepuckeredinduces egg laying in virgins. Together, these data identify JNK as a potential conduit linking stress responses and reproductive success in the most important vector of malaria.
Ultrasound measurements of superficial and deep masticatory muscles in various postures: reliability and influencers
Authors: Chang Pei-Hsuan , Chen Yunn-Jy , Chang Ke-Vin , Wu Wei-Ting , Özçakar Levent 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMasticatory muscle thickness provides objective measurements of the oral motor function, which may change in patients with oral myofascial pain. In this study, we aimed to establish a reliable ultrasound (US) protocol for imaging the superficial and deep masticatory muscles and to identify the potential influencers of the measurements. Forty-eight healthy participants without orofacial pain were enrolled. The intra-and inter-rater reliabilities of US measurements for masseter, temporalis, and lateral pterygoid muscles were assessed. Intraclass correlation coefficients for all muscles were greater than 0.6. The generalised estimating equation was used to analyse the impact of age, gender, laterality, and body mass index on the measurements, whereby age and body mass index were likely to be associated with an increase in masticatory muscle thickness. The thickness tended to be lesser in females. Laterality seemed to exert minimal influence on masticatory muscle thickness. Our study shows acceptable reliability of US in the evaluation of superficial and deep masticatory muscle thickness. Future studies are warranted to validate the usefulness of US imaging in patients with oral myofascial pain syndrome.
TICAM2-related pathway mediates neutrophil exhaustion
Authors: Lin RuiCi , Zhang Yao , Pradhan Kisha , Li Liwu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPathogenic inflammation and immune suppression are the cardinal features that underlie the pathogenesis of severe systemic inflammatory syndrome and sepsis. Neutrophil exhaustion may play a key role during the establishment of pathogenic inflammation and immune suppression through elevated expression of inflammatory adhesion molecules such as ICAM1 and CD11b as well as immune-suppressors such as PD-L1. However, the mechanism of neutrophil exhaustion is not well understood. We demonstrated that murine primary neutrophils cultured in vitro with the prolonged lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation can effectively develop an exhaustive phenotype resembling human septic neutrophils with elevated expression of ICAM1, CD11b, PD-L1 as well as enhanced swarming and aggregation. Mechanistically, we observed that TICAM2 is involved in the generation of neutrophil exhaustion, as TICAM2 deficient neutrophils have the decreased expression of ICAM1, CD11b, PD-L1, and the reduced aggregation following the prolonged LPS challenge as compared to wild type (WT) neutrophils. LPS drives neutrophil exhaustion through TICAM2 mediated activation of Src family kinases (SFK) and STAT1, as the application of SFK inhibitor Dasatinib blocks neutrophil exhaustion triggered by the prolonged LPS challenge. Functionally, TICAM2 deficient mice were protected from developing severe systemic inflammation and multi-organ injury following the chemical-induced mucosal damage. Together, our data defined a key role of TICAM2 in facilitating neutrophil exhaustion and that targeting TICAM2 may be a potential approach to treating the severe systemic inflammation.
Laser and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment in age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Kim Min Seok , Ryoo Na-Kyung , Park Kyu Hyung 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aims to report the 12 months results of efficacy and safety of laser photocoagulation and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections for drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment (dPED). In this prospective study, patients with treatment naïve bilateral intermediate age-related macular degeneration, featuring dPED, with visual acuity ≤ 83 letters were enrolled. The study group received PASCAL laser (532 nm) along the periphery of the dPED, and the fellow eye served as a control group. To prevent complications of choroidal neovascularization, intravitreal anti-VEGF injections to laser treated eye were performed on a 3-month interval up to 1 year. Primary outcomes—drusen area, PED height—and secondary outcomes—best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, degree of metamorphopsia, NEI-VFQ 25, and fundus autofluorescence—were analyzed. Among 21 patients, a total of 20 patients satisfied the 12 months follow-up. Drusen area and PED height decreased significantly in the laser group, while no significant change appeared in the control group (74.1% vs. − 3.5%, P < 0.001; 76.6% vs. 0.1%, P < 0.001). Mean BCVA improved 4.6 letters in the laser group (vs. 1.1 letters in the control group, P = 0.019). As for safety, one study eye developed retinal pigment epithelial tear, and one control eye developed retinal angiomatous proliferation. Low energy laser photocoagulation and anti-VEGF injection in eyes with dPED showed some improvement in visual acuity. dPED regressed without developing center involving GA in the study eye, but a longer term follow-up is necessary to reveal the efficacy and safety of these treatments. The 2-year results of this study will be followed to reveal long term efficacy and safety of the treatment for dPED.
Honeybee venom and melittin suppress growth factor receptor activation in HER2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Duffy Ciara , Sorolla Anabel , Wang Edina , Golden Emily , Woodward Eleanor , Davern Kathleen , Ho Diwei , Johnstone Elizabeth , Pfleger Kevin , Redfern Andrew , Iyer K. Swaminathan , Baer Boris , Blancafort Pilar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite decades of study, the molecular mechanisms and selectivity of the biomolecular components of honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom as anticancer agents remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that honeybee venom and its major component melittin potently induce cell death, particularly in the aggressive triple-negative and HER2-enriched breast cancer subtypes. Honeybee venom and melittin suppress the activation of EGFR and HER2 by interfering with the phosphorylation of these receptors in the plasma membrane of breast carcinoma cells. Mutational studies reveal that a positively charged C-terminal melittin sequence mediates plasma membrane interaction and anticancer activity. Engineering of an RGD motif further enhances targeting of melittin to malignant cells with minimal toxicity to normal cells. Lastly, administration of melittin enhances the effect of docetaxel in suppressing breast tumor growth in an allograft model. Our work unveils a molecular mechanism underpinning the anticancer selectivity of melittin, and outlines treatment strategies to target aggressive breast cancers.
Meta-analysis of the clinicopathological significance of miRNA-145 in breast cancer
Authors: Lv Peng , Zhang Zhenzhu , Hou Li , Zhang Yayue , Lu Lingeng , Wang Chong , Shi Fengqin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Low expression of tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA) and high expression of carcinogenic miRNA promote the occurrence and progression of human cancer. Most studies show that miR-145 is a tumor suppressor miRNA, and is closely related to the clinicopathology of breast cancer. However, the results are still inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis on the basis of eligible studies to summarize the possible correlation between miR-145 and the clinicopathology and prognosis of breast cancer. Using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang and CNKI, we searched all published papers written in either English or Chinese on miR-145 expression in breast cancer from 1990 to November 2019 for meta-analysis. We used standardized mean difference (SMD) to evaluate the differential expression of miR-145 in breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues or normal breast tissues. We found that miR-145 expression was significantly lower in breast cancer tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues (SMD = −2.93, P&lt;0.0001) and in healthy women (SMD = −0.52, P=0.009). miR-145 expression was lower in breast cancer patients with ER-positive (SMD = 0.65, P&lt;0.001), HER-2-positive (SMD = −1.04, P&lt;0.001), compared with their counterparts, respectively. In addition, breast cancer patients with low expression of miR-145 had larger tumor diameters (SMD = −1.97, P&lt;0.001) and lymph node metastasis (SMD = −1.75, P&lt;0.001) that are unfavorable prognostic factors. Conclusion: Low miR-145 is observed in breast cancer, which is closely related to molecular subtypes and unfavorable factors of breast cancer. These findings indicate that miR-145 is tumor suppressor miRNA, and may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in breast cancer.
Wie bewerten Versicherte unterschiedliche Ausgestaltungen der
medizinischen Rehabilitation?
Authors: Spies Maren , Kulisch Kristina , Streibelt Marco , Pohl Almut , Schulz Holger , Brütt AnnaLevke 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel war es, Sichtweisen von Versicherten der DRV Bund zu
verschiedenen Formen der medizinischen Rehabilitation zu erheben.
Methodik In 10 Fokusgruppen diskutierten die Teilnehmer (n = 78,
65% weiblich, M= 52,2 Jahre) die Vor- und Nachteile
verschiedener Formen der medizinischen Rehabilitation (stationär,
ambulant, berufsbegleitend, Fallmanagement). Im Mittelpunkt standen
organisatorische Rahmenbedingungen (Wohnortnähe, Zeitrahmen, Vernetzung
mit anderen Akteuren). Die Transkripte wurden zusammen mit einer
ergänzenden Online-Befragung qualitativ ausgewertet (Mayring, 2008).
Ergebnisse Die Herauslösung aus dem Alltag ist für viele
Teilnehmer Voraussetzung, um sich auf eine Rehabilitation konzentrieren zu
können. Bei der ambulanten Rehabilitation könnten sich die
wahrgenommene geringere Betreuungsintensität und Mehrfachbelastung
negativ auswirken. Die Passung zwischen Reha-Form und den Bedürfnissen
des Rehabilitanden ist laut der Befragten entscheidend.
Diskussion Die qualitative Bewertung aus Versichertenperspektive kann
genutzt werden, um die Gestaltung von Reha-Angeboten der DRV stärker an
den Bedürfnissen der Versicherten auszurichten.