bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The patient died: What about involvement in the investigation process?
Authors: Wiig Siri , Hibbert Peter D , Braithwaite Jeffrey 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPatient and family involvement is high on the international quality and safety agenda. In this paper, we consider possible ways of involving families in investigations of fatal adverse events and how their greater participation might improve the quality of investigations. The aim is to increase awareness among healthcare professionals, accident investigators, policymakers and researchers and examine how research and practice can develop in this emerging field. In contrast to relying mainly on documentation and staff recollections, family involvement can result in the investigation having access to richer information, a more holistic picture of the event and new perspectives on who was involved and can positively contribute to the family’s emotional satisfaction and perception of justice being done. There is limited guidance and research on how to constitute effective involvement. There is a need for co-designing the investigation process, explicitly agreeing the family’s level of involvement, supporting and preparing the family, providing easily accessible user-friendly language and using different methods of involvement (e.g. individual interviews, focus group interviews and questionnaires), depending on the family’s needs.
A dynamic reaction picklist for improving allergy reaction documentation in the electronic health record
Authors: Wang Liqin , Blackley Suzanne V , Blumenthal Kimberly G , Yerneni Sharmitha , Goss Foster R , Lo Ying-Chih , Shah Sonam N , Ortega Carlos A , Korach Zfania Tom , Seger Diane L , Zhou Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective
Incomplete and static reaction picklists in the allergy module led to free-text and missing entries that inhibit the clinical decision support intended to prevent adverse drug reactions. We developed a novel, data-driven, “dynamic” reaction picklist to improve allergy documentation in the electronic health record (EHR).

Materials and Methods
We split 3 decades of allergy entries in the EHR of a large Massachusetts healthcare system into development and validation datasets. We consolidated duplicate allergens and those with the same ingredients or allergen groups. We created a reaction value set via expert review of a previously developed value set and then applied natural language processing to reconcile reactions from structured and free-text entries. Three association rule-mining measures were used to develop a comprehensive reaction picklist dynamically ranked by allergen. The dynamic picklist was assessed using recall at top k suggested reactions, comparing performance to the static picklist.

Results
The modified reaction value set contained 490 reaction concepts. Among 4 234 327 allergy entries collected, 7463 unique consolidated allergens and 469 unique reactions were identified. Of the 3 dynamic reaction picklists developed, the 1 with the optimal ranking achieved recalls of 0.632, 0.763, and 0.822 at the top 5, 10, and 15, respectively, significantly outperforming the static reaction picklist ranked by reaction frequency.

Conclusion
The dynamic reaction picklist developed using EHR data and a statistical measure was superior to the static picklist and suggested proper reactions for allergy documentation. Further studies might evaluate the usability and impact on allergy documentation in the EHR.
Effect of Diet on the Growth Performance, Feed Conversion, and Nutrient Content of the House Cricket
Authors: Bawa M , Songsermpong S , Kaewtapee C , Chanput W 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe house crickets, Acheta domesticus, are sustainable and nutritious future sources of food, due to their nutritional benefits, particular high protein content and potential in solving global malnutrition. Different diets, particularly protein content, can influence the growth and nutritional value of crickets. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the effects of commercial diets and other formulated diets on the nutritional composition and growth parameters of the house crickets, being a major challenge to cricket’s farmers in Thailand. Feed conversion ratio were 1.50, 1.50, and 1.51 for fed crickets on a blend of 22% protein and dry pulp pumpkin powder, fed 22% protein plus fresh pumpkin pulp, and fed 22% protein alone, indicated that these groups are high feed convertors and represented the quality of these diets compared to 1.73 and 1.81 for fed crickets on a blend of 22% and 16% protein, and those fed on 16% protein alone. Fed crickets on 22% protein had the highest amount of protein (76%), the lowest (48%) in those fed on 22% protein and fresh pumpkin pulp inclusion. The group on 22% protein diet also had the highest amount of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and sodium. Fed 22% protein and either dry pulp pumpkin powder or fresh pumpkin pulp condition have shown improvement in vitamin B content. Crickets can effectively be produced on 22% protein diet to improve yield output and several minerals such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and sodium. In contrast, the supplementation of 22% protein diet with pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) will improve vitamin B content.
Physical Activity Before, During, and After Chemotherapy for High-Risk Breast Cancer: Relationships With Survival
Authors: Cannioto Rikki A , Hutson Alan , Dighe Shruti , McCann William , McCann Susan E , Zirpoli Gary R , Barlow William , Kelly Kara M , DeNysschen Carol A , Hershman Dawn L , Unger Joseph M , Moore Halle C F , Stewart James A , Isaacs Claudine , Hobday Timothy J , Salim Muhammad , Hortobagyi Gabriel N , Gralow Julie R , Albain Kathy S , Budd G Thomas , Ambrosone Christine B 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Although physical activity has been consistently associated with reduced breast cancer mortality, evidence is largely based on data collected at one occasion. We examined how pre- and postdiagnosis physical activity was associated with survival outcomes in high-risk breast cancer patients.

Methods
Included were 1340 patients enrolled in the Diet, Exercise, Lifestyle and Cancer Prognosis (DELCaP) Study, a prospective study of lifestyle and prognosis ancillary to a SWOG clinical trial (S0221). Activity before diagnosis, during treatment, and at 1- and 2-year intervals after enrollment was collected. Patients were categorized according to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans as meeting the minimum guidelines (yes/no) and incrementally as inactive, low active, moderately active (meeting the guidelines), or high active.

Results
In joint-exposure analyses, patients meeting the guidelines before and 1 year after diagnosis experienced statistically significant reductions in hazards of recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.42 to 0.82) and mortality (HR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.34–0.77); associations were stronger at 2-year follow-up for recurrence (HR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.31 to 0.65) and mortality (HR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.52). In time-dependent analyses, factoring in activity from all time points, we observed striking associations with mortality for low- (HR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.24 to 0.68), moderate- (HR = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.23 to 0.76), and high-active patients (HR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.18 to 0.53).

Conclusions
Meeting the minimum guidelines for physical activity both before diagnosis and after treatment appears to be associated with statistically significantly reduced hazards of recurrence and mortality among breast cancer patients. When considering activity from all time points, including during treatment, lower volumes of regular activity were associated with similar overall survival advantages as meeting and exceeding the guidelines.
Classic bladder exstrophy and complete rectal prolapse in a 10 year-old child with no previous surgical intervention: what to achieve?
Authors: Salhab Nabila , Gawrieh Bardisan , Deeb Mohammad Ali , Taishori Norma , Omran Ammar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The management of bladder exstrophy (BE) remains one of the most significant challenges encountered by pediatric urologists despite improvements in the operative techniques worldwide. Regardless of surgical technique, timing of primary closure remains a matter of debate. The initial closure may be performed within the first 48–72 hours of life or at ~6–12 weeks of age. Delayed presentation until adolescence is extremely rare. However, due to lack of awareness, and access to healthcare along with poor socioeconomic conditions in developing countries, some patients may not receive treatment during infancy. We present a case of a 10-year-old Syrian male with BE associated with complete rectal prolapse who did not undergo any previous surgical interventions.
Phytoene synthase 2 can compensate for the absence of PSY1 in the control of color in Capsicum fruit
Authors: Jang So-Jeong , Jeong Hyo-Bong , Jung Ayoung , Kang Min-Young , Kim Suna , Ha Sun-Hwa , Kwon Jin-Kyung , Kang Byoung-Cheorl 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Phytoene synthase 1 (PSY1) and capsanthin-capsorubin synthase (CCS) are two major genes responsible for fruit color variation in pepper (Capsicum spp.). However, the role of PSY2 remains unknown. We used a systemic approach to examine the genetic factors responsible for the yellow fruit color of C. annuum ‘MicroPep Yellow’ (MY) and to determine the role of PSY2 in fruit color. We detected complete deletion of PSY1 and a retrotransposon insertion in CCS. Despite the loss of PSY1 and CCS function, both MY and mutant F2 plants from a cross between MY and the ‘MicroPep Red’ (MR) accumulated basal levels of carotenoids, indicating that other PSY genes may complement the loss of PSY1. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that PSY2 was constitutively expressed in both MR and MY fruits, and a color complementation assay using Escherichia coli revealed that PSY2 was capable of biosynthesizing a carotenoid. Virus-induced gene silencing of PSY2 in MY resulted in white fruits. These findings indicate that PSY2 can compensate for the absence of PSY1 in pepper fruit, resulting in the yellow color of MY fruits.
The [C ii]/[N ii] ratio in 3 &lt; z &lt; 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey
Authors: Cunningham D J M , Chapman S C , Aravena M , De Breuck C , Béthermin M , Chen Chian-Chou , Dong Chenxing , Gonzalez A H , Greve T R , Litke K C , Ma J , Malkan M , Marrone D P , Miller T , Phadke K A , Reuter C , Rotermund K , Spilker J S , Stark A A , Strandet M , Vieira J D , Weiß A 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present Atacama Compact Array and Atacama Pathfinder Experiment observations of the [N ii] 205 μm fine-structure line in 40 sub-millimetre galaxies lying at redshifts z = 3–6, drawn from the 2500 deg2 South Pole Telescope survey. This represents the largest uniformly selected sample of high-redshift [N ii] 205 μm measurements to date. 29 sources also have [C ii] 158 μm line observations allowing a characterization of the distribution of the [C ii] to [N ii] luminosity ratio for the first time at high redshift. The sample exhibits a median L$_{{\rm{[C\,{\small II}]}}}$/L$_{{\rm{[N\,{\small II}]}}}$ ≈ 11.0 and interquartile range of 5.0 –24.7. These ratios are similar to those observed in local (Ultra)luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), possibly indicating similarities in their interstellar medium. At the extremes, we find individual sub-millimetre galaxies with L$_{{\rm{[C\,{\small II}]}}}$/L$_{{\rm{[N\,{\small II}]}}}$ low enough to suggest a smaller contribution from neutral gas than ionized gas to the [C ii] flux and high enough to suggest strongly photon or X-ray region dominated flux. These results highlight a large range in this line luminosity ratio for sub-millimetre galaxies, which may be caused by variations in gas density, the relative abundances of carbon and nitrogen, ionization parameter, metallicity, and a variation in the fractional abundance of ionized and neutral interstellar medium.
Spacecraft and interplanetary contributions to the magnetic environment on-board LISA Pathfinder
Authors: Armano M , Audley H , Baird J , Binetruy P , Born M , Bortoluzzi D , Castelli E , Cavalleri A , Cesarini A , Cruise A M , Danzmann K , de Deus Silva M , Diepholz I , Dixon G , Dolesi R , Ferraioli L , Ferroni V , Fitzsimons E D , Freschi M , Gesa L , Gibert F , Giardini D , Giusteri R , Grimani C , Grzymisch J , Harrison I , Hartig M-S , Heinzel G , Hewitson M , Hollington D , Hoyland D , Hueller M , Inchauspé H , Jennrich O , Jetzer P , Karnesis N , Kaune B , Korsakova N , Killow C J , Lobo J A , Liu L , López-Zaragoza J P , Maarschalkerweerd R , Mance D , Martín V , Martin-Polo L , Martino J , Martin-Porqueras F , Mateos I , McNamara P W , Mendes J , Mendes L , Meshksar N , Nofrarias M , Paczkowski S , Perreur-Lloyd M , Petiteau A , Pivato P , Plagnol E , Ramos-Castro J , Reiche J , Rivas F , Robertson D I , Roma-Dollase D , Russano G , Slutsky J , Sopuerta C F , Sumner T , Telloni D , Texier D , Thorpe J I , Trenkel C , Vetrugno D , Vitale S , Wanner G , Ward H , Wass P J , Wealthy D , Weber W J , Wissel L , Wittchen A , Zweifel P 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
LISA Pathfinder (LPF) has been a space-based mission designed to test new technologies that will be required for a gravitational wave observatory in space. Magnetically driven forces play a key role in the instrument sensitivity in the low-frequency regime (mHz and below), the measurement band of interest for a space-based observatory. The magnetic field can couple to the magnetic susceptibility and remanent magnetic moment from the test masses and disturb them from their geodesic movement. LPF carried on-board a dedicated magnetic measurement subsystem with noise levels of 10 $\rm nT \ Hz^{-1/2}$ from 1 Hz down to 1 mHz. In this paper we report on the magnetic measurements throughout LPF operations. We characterize the magnetic environment within the spacecraft, study the time evolution of the magnetic field and its stability down to 20 μHz, where we measure values around 200 $\rm nT \ Hz^{-1/2}$, and identify two different frequency regimes, one related to the interplanetary magnetic field and the other to the magnetic field originating inside the spacecraft. Finally, we characterize the non-stationary component of the fluctuations of the magnetic field below the mHz and relate them to the dynamics of the solar wind.
The effect of surface gravity on line-depth ratios in the wavelength range 0.97–1.32 µm
Authors: Jian Mingjie , Taniguchi Daisuke , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Kobayashi Naoto , Ikeda Yuji , Yasui Chikako , Kondo Sohei , Sameshima Hiroaki , Hamano Satoshi , Fukue Kei , Arai Akira , Otsubo Shogo , Kawakita Hideyo 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
A line-depth ratio (LDR) of two spectral lines with different excitation potentials is expected to be correlated with the effective temperature (Teff). It is possible to determine Teff of a star with a precision of tens of Kelvin if dozens or hundreds of tight LDR–Teff relations can be used. Most of the previous studies on the LDR method were limited to optical wavelengths, but Taniguchi and collaborators reported 81 LDR relations in the YJ band, 0.97–1.32 µm, in 2018. However, with their sample of only 10 giants, it was impossible to account for the effects of surface gravity and metallicity on the LDRs well. Here, we investigate the gravity effect based on YJ-band spectra of 63 stars including dwarfs, giants, and supergiants observed with the WINERED spectrograph. We found that some LDR–Teff relations show clear offsets between the sequence of dwarfs and those of giants/supergiants. The difference between the ionization potentials of the elements considered in each line pair and the corresponding difference in the depths can, at least partly, explain the dependency of the LDR on the surface gravity. In order to expand the stellar parameter ranges that the LDR method can cover with high precision, we obtained new sets of LDR–Teff relations for solar-metal G0–K4 dwarfs and F7–K5 supergiants, respectively. The typical precision that can be achieved with our relations is 10–30 K for both dwarfs and supergiants.
Energy optimization in binary star systems: explanation for equal mass members in close orbits
Authors: Adams Fred C , Batygin Konstantin , Bloch Anthony M 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Observations indicate that members of close stellar binaries often have mass ratios close to unity, while longer period systems exhibit a more uniform mass-ratio distribution. This paper provides a theoretical explanation for this finding by determining the tidal equilibrium states for binary star systems – subject to the constraints of conservation of angular momentum and constant total mass. This work generalizes previous treatments by including the mass fraction as a variable in the optimization problem. The results show that the lowest energy state accessible to the system corresponds to equal mass stars on a circular orbit, where the stellar spin angular velocities are both synchronized and aligned with the orbit. These features are roughly consistent with observed properties of close binary systems. We also find the conditions required for this minimum energy state to exist: (1) the total angular momentum must exceed a critical value, (2) the orbital angular momentum must be three times greater than the total spin angular momentum, and (3) the semimajor axis is bounded from above. The last condition implies that sufficiently wide binaries are not optimized with equal mass stars, where the limiting binary separation occurs near a0 ≈ 16R*.
Crucial role of neutron diffusion in the crust of accreting neutron stars
Authors: Chugunov A I , Shchechilin N N 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Observed temperatures of transiently accreting neutron stars in the quiescent state are generally believed to be supported by deep crustal heating, associated with non-equilibrium exothermic reactions in the crust. Traditionally, these reactions are studied by considering nuclear evolution governed by compression of the accreted matter. Here, we show that this approach has a basic weakness; that is, in some regions of the inner crust the conservative forces, applied for matter components (nuclei and neutrons), are not in mechanical equilibrium. In principle, the force balance can be restored by dissipative forces; however, the required diffusion fluxes are of the same order as total baryon flux at Eddington accretion. We argue that redistribution of neutrons in the inner crust should be involved in realistic model of accreted crust.
Pervasive and CpG-dependent promoter-like characteristics of transcribed enhancers
Authors: Steinhaus Robin , Gonzalez Tonatiuh , Seelow Dominik , Robinson Peter N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The temporal and spatial expression of genes is controlled by promoters and enhancers. Findings obtained over the last decade that not only promoters but also enhancers are characterized by bidirectional, divergent transcription have challenged the traditional notion that promoters and enhancers represent distinct classes of regulatory elements. Over half of human promoters are associated with CpG islands (CGIs), relatively CpG-rich stretches of generally several hundred nucleotides that are often associated with housekeeping genes. Only about 6% of transcribed enhancers defined by CAGE-tag analysis are associated with CGIs. Here, we present an analysis of enhancer and promoter characteristics and relate them to the presence or absence of CGIs. We show that transcribed enhancers share a number of CGI-dependent characteristics with promoters, including statistically significant local overrepresentation of core promoter elements. CGI-associated enhancers are longer, display higher directionality of transcription, greater expression, a lesser degree of tissue specificity, and a higher frequency of transcription-factor binding events than non-CGI-associated enhancers. Genes putatively regulated by CGI-associated enhancers are enriched for transcription regulator activity. Our findings show that CGI-associated transcribed enhancers display a series of characteristics related to sequence, expression and function that distinguish them from enhancers not associated with CGIs.
What’s Hot in Clinical Infectious Diseases? 2019 IDWeek Summary
Authors: Moss Sean , Boucher Helen W 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The year 2019 brought about a multitude of innovations in clinical infectious diseases. With the continued rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), advances in diagnostics and newly available antibiotics offer additional strategies for combating this threat, but the broken antibiotic market serves as an impediment to further developments. The IDSA and other stakeholders are working to create novel pull incentives to stabilize the pipeline. Ongoing needs include developing optimal stewardship practices, including by using narrow-spectrum antibiotics and shorter durations of therapy. In the area of solid organ transplantation, early data from transplanting Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected organs are encouraging and the American Society of Transplantation (AST) released new guidelines addressing several key issues. Lastly, 2019 saw a resurgence in Measles emphasizing the importance of vaccination.
Blood Pressure Screening by Outpatient Physical Therapists: A Call to Action and Clinical Recommendations
Authors: Severin Richard , Sabbahi Ahmad , Albarrati Ali , Phillips Shane A , Arena Sara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Hypertension (HTN) is among the leading global preventable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. Early detection and effective management of HTN have demonstrated significant reductions in mortality, morbidity rate, and health care costs. Furthermore, screening for HTN by nonphysician health care providers improves detection rates and medical management. As physical therapist practice advances to a more independent care model, physical therapists may serve as the first point of contact into the health care system, thereby necessitating a need for routine blood pressure (BP) monitoring. This is especially relevant in the outpatient physical therapist practice setting, where there is evidence for elevated BP measures among patients, yet omission of routine screening in this setting is well documented. Leading physical therapy professional organizations include statements in their guidelines that suggest that physical therapists have a duty to provide a standard of care that protects the safety and optimizes the overall health of patients under their care. Therefore, it is imperative not only that physical therapists include BP examination into routine practice protocols but that the knowledge and skills to accurately measure and interpret BP at rest and during exercise be integrated into the standard of care. The authors suggest that the profession of physical therapy proactively embrace their potential to address the national and worldwide HTN epidemic through routine assessment of BP, appropriate referral for elevated BP measures, and exploration of HTN management by physical therapists.