bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of low breastfeeding self-efficacy amongst mothers of children aged less than six months old: Results from the BADUTA Study in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Titaley Christiana R , Dibley Michael , Ariawan Iwan , Mu'asyaroh Anifatun , Alam Ashraful , Damayanti Rita , Tran Do Thanh , Ferguson Elaine , Kyaw Htet , Li Mu , Sutrisna Aang , Fahmida Umi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Despite the increasing rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia, there is still a need for supportive interventions. Breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers is a key factor positively associated with optimum breastfeeding practices. Our analysis aims to assess the determinants of low breastfeeding self-efficacy amongst a sample of women with children aged under six months in Malang and Sidoarjo Districts, East Java, Indonesia. Methods We used information from 1210 mothers of children aged <6 months recruited in the BADUTA study conducted in 2015-2016 in Malang and Sidoarjo Districts. The outcome variable in this analysis was mothers' self-efficacy for breastfeeding using the 14 statements in the Breastfeeding Self Efficacy-Short Form. We evaluated 17 potential predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy, organized into six sub-groups of variables: (1) context/demographic; (2) household factors; (3) maternal characteristics; (4) child characteristics; (5) breastfeeding practices; and (6) antenatal and delivery care. Logistic regression analyses were employed to examine factors associated with mothers' self-efficacy with breastfeeding. Results More than half of the women in this study had a low level of self-efficacy. One of the factors associated with low breastfeeding self-efficacy found in this study was problems encountered by mothers related to breastfeeding. Mothers who had problems with breastfeeding not related to illness (aOR=3.27, 95%CI: 2.45-4.36) or problems related to both illness and non-illness conditions (aOR=3.57, 95%CI: 1.37-9.33) had higher odds of low breastfeeding self-efficacy than those who did not have any problems. Compared to mothers who completed university education, there was a significantly higher odds of low breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers who completed primary school or lower (aOR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.16-3.05); completed junior high school (aOR=2.27; 95%CI: 1.42-3.63); and completed senior high school (aOR=1.94, 95%CI: 1.29-2.91). Other significant predictors of low breastfeeding self-efficacy were mothers not exposed to any breastfeeding interventions (aOR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.09-3.22); working outside the house (aOR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.23-2.32); not obtaining any advice on breastfeeding (aOR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.08-1.82); with low knowledge of breastfeeding (aOR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.03-1.84); and delivered by Caesarean section (aOR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.05-1.70).Conclusions Multipronged breastfeeding education programs and support are required to improve women's self-efficacy with breastfeeding. Improved access to breastfeeding counsellors, active support for mothers following caesarean delivery, and increased supporting facilities at workplaces are essential to improve self-efficacy with breastfeeding.
"Drugs Are a Taboo”: A Qualitative Study on Young People's Perspective on The Role of Education and Harm Reduction Strategies Associated With The Use of Psychoactive Substances Before Adulthood
Authors: Silva Gabriela Almeida Pinto da , Pereira Catarina Pinto , Pinto Marta Sofia de Sousa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background The use of psychoactive substances frequently starts at a younger age than adulthood. Having in mind the advantages of taking into consideration the youth perspective, this retrospective study tried to provide them with a role in identifying their own needs regarding drug use focused interventions, the obstacles in accessing both general health and harm reduction services; the changes needed for a more effective, congruent and empowering response to the use of psychoactive substances before the age of 18.Methods The study was divided into two parts. Both parts had a qualitative focus complemented with a quantitative dimension and were supported by a multi-method approach. The first part was comprised of a questionnaire sent online to all harm reduction teams and two focus groups with eight harm reduction professionals and six people who use(d) drugs. The second part used an online questionnaire applied to 143 participants aged between the age of 18 to 25 complemented by two semi-structured interviews.Results The need for Information, Education and Communication (IEC) Activities in the drug education field, namely in the educational context; the lack of information about available services; the need for confidentiality were the most mentioned issues by the young people. Also, the informal network played a significant role in the participants relationship with psychoactive substances.Conclusions The lack of information was the most highlighted obstacle. Also, there is a confluence of various vulnerabilities such as being under 18, using drugs and the different social situations that they live in. To improve policy and practice regarding drug use among young people, harm reduction interventions must be scaled-up as well as intentionally driven to empower youth to deal with. School environment was chosen by participants as one of the elected environments to implement Harm Reduction services.
Dissecting gonadal cell lineage specification and sex determination during human development using a single-cell transcriptomics approach
Authors: Tang Fuchou , Wang Rui , Liu Xixi , Li Li , Yang Ming , Yong Jun , Fan Xiaoying , Hu Yuqiong , Zhai Fan , WEN Lu , Yan Liying , Qiao Jie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Gonadal somatic cells are the main players in gonad development and are important for sex determination and germ cell development. Here, using a time-series scRNA-seq strategy, we analyzed the fetal germ cells (FGCs) and gonadal somatic cells in human embryos and fetuses. Clustering analysis of testes and ovaries revealed several novel cell subsets, including POU5F1+SPARC+ FGCs and KRT19+ somatic cells. Furthermore, our data indicated that DLK1+ cells may be the progenitors of steroidogenic cell lineages in both sexes and that TAC1+ cells may be the progenitors of granulosa cells in females. Intriguingly, the testosterone synthesis function transitioned from fetal Sertoli cells to adult Leydig cells in a step-wise manner. Moreover, interactions between gonadal somatic cells were systematically explored and verified in our study. In detail, we observed that Sertoli cells interacted with Leydig cells through DHH-PTCH1 and PDGFA-PDGFRA/PDGFRB ligand-receptor gene pairs. More importantly, we identified cell type-specific developmental defects of both FGCs and gonadal somatic cells in a Turner syndrome embryo (45, XO). Our work provides a blueprint of the complex yet highly ordered development and interactions of human FGCs and gonadal microenvironment cells.
Integrated analysis of land-use, energy and water systems for ethanol production from sugarcane in Bolivia
Authors: Balderrama Jenny Gabriela Pena , Khatiwada Dilip , Gardumi Francesco , Alfstad Thomas , Jimenez Silvia Ulloa , Howells Mark 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The use of biomass for renewable energy production is one alternative to reduce the environmental impacts of energy production worldwide. Sugarcane-based ethanol is one of the most widespread biofuels in the road transport sector and its development has been encouraged by strong incentives on production and use in several countries. The growing realization on the environmental impacts of ethanol production indicates the need to increase the efficient utilization of biomass resources by optimizing the production chain sustainably. This paper evaluates enhancements in the ethanol production chain quantitatively by identifying opportunities for agricultural intensification and investments in advanced biorefineries in a least-cost optimization model. Results of our model show that significant cost and environmental benefits can be achieved by modernizing sugarcane agriculture in Bolivia. Demands for ethanol and sugar can be met cost-effectively by increasing sugarcane yields from the current country-average of 55.34 ton/ha to 85.7 ton/ha in 2030 with a moderate cropland expansion of 11.4 thousand hectares in the period 2019-2030. Our results further suggest that it is cost-optimal to invest in efficient cogeneration in biorefineries to maximize the renewable energy output and the economic benefits of sugarcane ethanol. Finally, biofuel support in the range of 8-10 US$/GJ is required for investments in second-generation ethanol in biorefineries to be cost-competitive in the medium-term..
Visualisation of the combinatorial effects within evolutionary algorithms: the compass plot
Authors: Wang Qi , Guan Miaoting , Huang Wen , Wang Libing , Wang Zhihong , Liu Shuming , Savić Dragan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Applications of evolutionary algorithms (EAs) to real-world problems are usually hindered due to parameterisation issues and computational efficiency. This paper shows how the combinatorial effects related to the parameterisation issues of EAs can be visualised and extracted by the so-called compass plot. This new plot is inspired by the traditional Chinese compass used for navigation and geomantic detection. We demonstrate the value of the proposed compass plot in two scenarios with application to the optimal design of the Hanoi water distribution system. One is to identify the dominant parameters in the well-known NSGA-II. The other is to seek the efficient combinations of search operators embedded in Borg, which uses an ensemble of search operators by auto-adapting their use at runtime to fit an optimisation problem. As such, the implicit and vital interdependency among parameters and search operators can be intuitively demonstrated and identified. In particular, the compass plot revealed some counter-intuitive relationships among the algorithm parameters that led to a considerable change in performance. The information extracted, in turn, facilitates a deeper understanding of EAs and better practices for real-world cases, which eventually leads to more cost-effective decision-making.
The PentaFOLD 3.0 Algorithm for the Selection of Stable Elements of Secondary Structure to be Included in Vaccine Peptides
Authors: Khrustalev Vladislav V. 
Published: November 2020

Aims:
The aim of this study was to create a new version of the PentaFOLD algorithm and to test its performance
experimentally in several proteins and peptides.

Background:
Synthetic vaccines can cause production of neutralizing antibodies only in case if short peptides form the
same secondary structure as fragments of full-length proteins. The PentaFOLD 3.0 algorithm was designed to check stability
of alpha helices, beta strands, and random coils using several propensity scales obtained during analysis of 1730 3D structures of proteins.

Objective:
The algorithm has been tested in the three peptides known to keep the secondary structure of the corresponding
fragments of full-length proteins: the NY25 peptide from the Influenza H1N1 hemagglutinin, the SF23 peptide from the
diphtheria toxin, the NQ21 peptide from the HIV1 gp120; as well as in the CC36 peptide from the human major prion
protein.

Method:
Affine chromatography for antibodies against peptides accompanied by circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to check the predictions of the algorithm.

Result:
Immunological experiments showed that all abovementioned peptides are more or less immunogenic in rabbits. The
fact that antibodies against the NY25, the SF23, and the NQ21 form stable complexes with corresponding full-length proteins has been confirmed by affine chromatography. The surface of SARS CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain interacting
with hACE2 has been shown to be unstable according to the results of the PentaFOLD 3.0.

Conclusion:
The PentaFOLD 3.0 algorithm (http://chemres.bsmu.by/PentaFOLD30.htm) can be used with the aim to design
vaccine peptides with stable secondary structure elements.
EnzyPha, an Engineered Helper Phage Developed to Overcome Most of the Limitations Regarding Filamentous Phage Titration and ELISA Tests
Authors: Mohammadi Mozafar , Fouladvand Faezeh , Bemani Peyman , Amini Razieh , Jalilian Farid Azizi 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Phage display method is a technology which enables expression of exogenous polypeptides on the
surface of bacteriophage particles. Phage titration and ELISA are applied for measuring helper phage particles or polypeptide bearing phages and also evaluation of the interaction between polypeptide bearing phages and coated antigens, respectively. Although, several procedures have been introduced to perform phage titration and ELISA but they faced to some limitations such as being time consuming and expensive and also low reproducibility.

Objective:
We developed a new system called EnzyPha by engineering the M13KO7 expressing Secreted Acid Phosphatase
of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (SapM enzyme) on its pIX protein for applying in colorimetric phage titration and ELISA
methods.

Methods:
For this purpose, to evaluate the idea, colorimetric phage titration and ELISA were performed and compared to
the traditional methods.

Results:
SapM enzyme was expressed on pIX protein of M13KO7 properly. The colorimetric phage titration and phage
ELISA showed better and comparable results against the traditional approaches.

Conclusion:
The results showed that the proposed model would titrate phages more sensitive than plating titration method
through a shorter timeframe. Moreover, it could be a better alternative to the routine phage ELISA due to time saving, cost
effective and higher sensitivity.
The Molecular Diversity of 1,8-diaminonaphthalene in Organic Chemistry
Authors: Ziarani Ghodsi Mohammadi , Mohajer Fatemeh , Mali Suraj N. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
1,8-diaminonaphthalen (1,8-DAN) with special organic structure was
applied in organic synthesis to provide efficient complex scaffolds, through the two or fourcomponent
fashion. This review highlights its recent application in organic reactions under
different conditions and heterogynous catalysts to produce various molecules, which were used as
medicines, sensors, and dyes.

Objective:
1,8-diaminonaphthalene (1,8-DAN) is a bicyclic compound with two amino groups
which has received much attention in organic chemistry due to their medicinal activities such as
antifungal, antimicrobial, antiulcer, antitumor, oxidation dyestuff, hair color, fluorescent, and
chemo-sensors. In continuation of our studies, herin, recent application of 1,8-DAN in organic
synthesis was reviewed.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the application of 1,8-DAN 1 in different reactions was reviewd
through the various conditions to yield the target compounds with high medicinal activities, and
potential for sensitive detection of different ions. The target compounds including 1,8-DAN 1 with
various structures were provided such as perimidines, perimidinones, aminonaphthalenes which
were produced through different methods as brought for further study in this review.
Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Combination Treatment of Paclitaxel, Bufalin and Cinobufagin for Hepatoma Therapy
Authors: Zhang Jinghui , Shu Chenyan , Yi Xiaojiao , Zhu Junfeng , Lian Xiaoyuan , Wu Yongjiang 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Hepatoma is a common malignancy in the world with high morbidity and
mortality. The treatment of hepatoma is limited by its poor response to many chemotherapeutic
agents. Although paclitaxel (PTX) is widely used in clinical chemotherapy, the low sensitivity to
hepatoma restricts its application. Combination therapy is a promising approach to resolve this
dilemma.

Objective:
To evaluate the interaction between paclitaxel, bufalin (BFL) and cinobufagin (CBF), and explore the optimum
combination efficiently.

Methods:
HepG2 cells were treated with PTX, BFL and CBF individually or in combination. Their
interactions were evaluated by two classical models (Chou-Talalay model and Bliss independence).
Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to explore the optimum combination.
Furthermore, the optimum drug combination was verified by the morphological experiment.

Results:
Synergistic effects were observed when cells were exposed to binary mixtures of
PTX+CBF and BFL+CBF. Although the interaction of PTX and BFL was summative, a strong
synergistic effect was observed when cells were exposed to ternary mixtures of PTX+BFL+CBF.
The interaction results of RSM were consistent with classical models, but more efficient.
Moreover, the optimum combination dose was given by RSM without the combinatorial explosion
of exhaustive testing.

Conclusion:
The combination of BFL and CBF synergistically enhanced the potency of PTX
against HepG2 cells. RSM could give an accurate evaluation for drug interactions and efficient
prediction of optimum combination.
Natural Bioactive Compounds as Emerging Therapeutic Molecules Against Breast Cancer: Emphasis on the Role of Phytoestrogens
Authors: Malayil Anisha S. , Poothaadammal Asifa K. , Narayanankutty Arunaksharan 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Breast cancer is the leading form of cancer in women, which is also hormone-
dependent. Depending on the receptor expression, these cancers are subdivided into different
forms, and among these receptors, estrogen, progesterone, and Her2 are the important ones. Targeting
breast cancer (BC) has been difficult due to their varied nature; however, various phytocompounds,
especially those having estrogen-like properties, have proven to be effective.

Objective:
The present review is aimed to provide a detailed description of various Phytocompounds
inhibiting breast cancer proliferation and progression; emphasis has been given to the role
of phytoestrogens with their molecular mechanism of action.

Methods:
The data were collected from reputed databases, such as PubMed/Medline, Web of Science,
Science Direct, Eurekaselect, etc. Data on the phytoestrogens were collected using individual
names and “phytoestrogens” as keywords. Articles published in journals, which are not indexed by
Thomson Reuters (SCI/SCIE/ESCI), were omitted.

Results:
Natural products are important drug candidates against multiple forms of breast cancer. In
addition to the initiation and proliferation events, these molecules inhibit epithelial to mesenchymal
transition (EMT) and metastasis of BC. Phytoestrogens are an important class of compounds
which have known estrogenic potential; studies have also indicated the anticancer potentials of these
molecules in cell culture and animal models of BC.

Conclusion:
Natural plant compounds, especially phytoestrogens, are promising anti-breast cancer
agents that induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy-mediated cell death. However, more
clinical studies are necessary so that these molecules can be used as commercial drug molecules.
Stachydrine Inhibits PC12 Cell Apoptosis Induced by Aβ25-35 in an in vitro Cell Model of Neurocognitive Disorders
Authors: Fu Huan , Liu Mei , Yan Jinxiu , Zhao Na , Qu Liangchao 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Abnormal deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) is considered the primary
cause of neurocognitive disorders (NCDs). Inhibiting cytotoxicity is an important aspect of the
treatment of NCDs. Stachydrine (STA) has been widely used for gynecological and cardiovascular
disorders. However, whether STA has protective functions in PC12 cells treated with Aβ25-35 remains
unclear.

Introduction:
Traditional Chinese Medicine, stachydrine (STA), is a water-soluble alkaloid of
Leonurus heterophyllus, which can inhibit cell apoptosis, suppress tumor growth, maintain homeostasis
of myocardial cells, and alleviate endothelial dysfunction. This study will investigate the effect
of STA on inhibiting PC12 cell apoptosis induced by Aβ25-35 in an in vitro cell model of neurocognitive
disorders.

Methods:
The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cells treated with STA were analyzed according
to the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE) 85871 data, and the STITCH database was used to
identify the target genes of STA. PC12 cells were treated with Aβ25-35 and/or STA, 3-(4,5-
dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed and lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was determined. The cell cycle distribution was detected by flow
cytometry, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or Western
blotting were used to detect the expression of genes or proteins.

Results:
GSE85871 data showed 37 upregulated and 48 downregulated genes among the DEGs
affected by STA. The results from the STITCH database showed that RPS8 and EED were target
genes of STA. GSE1297 analysis showed the 13 most significantly upregulated genes. STA might
affect the occurrence of NCDs through the interaction of TP53 with EED and RPS8. Finally, Aβ25-35
promoted apoptosis and LDH release of PC-12 cells, arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase, and
inhibited the expression of the RPS8, EED, Bcl-2 and P53 genes. STA could reverse the effect of
Aβ25-35.

Conclusion:
STA may play an important role in inhibiting apoptosis induced by Aβ25-35 by targeting
the RPS8 and EED genes in the NCDs model in vitro.
Abdominal Organ Enhancement in Dynamic MRI using 1 M Gadobutrol vs 0.5 M Meglumine Gadoterate in Liver of Hemangioma Patients
Authors: Saito Kazuhiro , Araki Yoichi , Kokubo Reiji , Kurata Chishio , Wakabayashi Yukari , Suzuki Kunihito 
Published: November 2020

Background:
The utility of gadobutrol (GAD) which is higher r1 value contrast media
for evaluating abdominal solid organ have not been fully evaluated.

Objectives::
To compare the contrast enhancement of abdominal organs on dynamic MRI using 0.1
mmol/kg 1.0 M GAD or 0.5 M meglumine gadoterate (MG) in patients with a liver hemangioma.

Methods:
A phantom study was performed at different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9,
1.0, 5.0 and 10 mmol/L) of GAD and MG. Sixty-two patients with a liver hemangioma were enrolled.
Contrast media was injected at a rate of 2 mL/s followed by 40 mL of saline. Two arterial
phases, a portal phase and an equilibrium phase were obtained. One certified radiologist set regions
of interest on the abdominal aorta, liver, pancreas, spleen and the liver hemangioma. The relative
enhancement ratio (RER) was calculated.

Results::
In the phantom study the signal intensity of both contrast media was similar at lower concentrations.
However, the signal intensity of MG was higher at concentrations of more than 5.0
mmol/L. In the clinical study the RER of the abdominal viscera during the portal and equilibrium
phases was higher with GAD. The hemangioma had a higher equilibrium phase enhancement with
GAD. The aortic RER was equivalent during all phases and the liver RER during the 2nd arterial
phase was higher with GAD. The arterial phase during GAD imaging might have been measured
later than was optimal.

Conclusions::
When the same injection protocol was used for an abdominal dynamic MRI, arterial
phase imaging was late when GAD was used. The higher T1 relaxation value was significantly
higher in the abdominal viscera during the portal and equilibrium phases, while the liver hemangioma
also had significantly higher contrast enhancement during the equilibrium phase. Clinical trial
registration number: 3186.