bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Expression and Prognostic Significance of the Nicotinic Receptor Cluster on 15q25 about CHRNA5 and PSMA4 mRNA in Lung Adenocarcinoma Utilizing TCGA Datasets
Authors: Wang Yuxiu , Wang Xiaolin , Wang Liping , Gu Jianjun , Gong Daohui , Jiang Jixin , Xu Xingxiang , Hu Suwei , Shu Yusheng , Min Lingfeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background To explore the mutations expression and prognostic significance of 15q25 (CHRNA5 and PSMA4) mRNA in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) based on immunohistochemistry, TCGA and bioinformatics.Methods Mutations expression on chromosome 15q25 of 576 primary LAC patients was selected. And their survival and gene expression data were extracted from TCGA. The cell experiment about Beas-2b, A549 and H1299 cell lines were done to further prove the CHRNA5 and PSMA4 expression difference between lung cancer and normal cells. Immunohistochemistry data of CHRNA5 and PSMA4 were detected in LAC and normal tissues from 122 patients.Finally, Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to predict the regulatory genes of CHRNA5 and PSMA4.Results CHRNA5 and PSMA4 are frequently mutated in the TCGA (CHRNA5, 1.7%; PSMA4, 1.3%).The expression of CHRNA5 and PSMA4 were obviously higher in A549 and H1299 cells. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the level of CHRNA5 and PSMA4 was considerably higher in LAC group than in normal group. There was a significant association between high expression of CHRNA5 and Smoking History (P = 0.011), Smoking History Pack Year Value(P = 0.010). Besides, there was a significant correlation between CHRNA5 and PSMA4 expression level and prognosis (P = 0.003; P = 0.008),and the higher expression, the worse prognosis. GSEA results suggested that CHRNA5 and PSMA4 high expression samples were respectively enriched to cell cycle, base excision repair, oxidative phosphorylation, protein export, aminoacyl tRNA biosynthesis etc.Conclusions The expression of CHRNA5 and PSMA4 mRNA has a significant impact on survival of LAC, they may be a potential target for treating patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
MicroRNA-214-3p Inhibits the Stem-Like Properties of Lung Squamous Cell Cancer by Targeting YAP1
Authors: Lu Tingting , Yang Ying , Li Ziming , Lu Shun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence reveals that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in tumor progression, but the underlying mechanism in lung squamous cell cancer (LSCC) remains unclear.Method : Western-blotting, Quantitative Real-time PCR (q-PCR) or was carried out to detect protein expression. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Colony-forming assay or sphere-forming assay, respectively.Results: MiR-214-3p was found to be markedly de-regulated in LSCC tissues and was inversely related to the level of Yes-associated protein1 (YAP1), which is the core transcription regulator of the Hippo signaling. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves illustrated that patients with high miR-214 expression demonstrated more favorable clinical outcomes. The miR-214-3p overexpression repressed proliferation and cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) properties in vitro and in vivo xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, luciferase activity assay revealed YAP1 was a direct target gene of miR-214-3p.Conclusion: Our findings illustrated that miR-214-3p plays a pivotal role in CSCs properties by targeting YAP1, which provides a potential treatment strategy for LSCC patients.
The evaluation of primary care physicians' knowledge on common respiratory diseases: Findings of Action Now Study: an online survey of primary care physicians in China
Authors: Pan Zihan , Yang Ting , Chi Chunhua , Liao Jiping , Chen Yahong , Huang Kewu , Wang Chen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Primary care plays an important role in the management of respiratory diseases and primary care physicians’ ability is the cornerstone.
Methods

An e-questionnaire was distributed to attendees of respiratory diseases academic conferences in China from July, 2017 to December, 2018 to assess primary care physicians’ knowledge level of asthma, CAP, COPD and influenza in China.
Results

The feedback rate was 100%, including 4815 valid questionnaires, 3802 (79.0%) from community hospitals and 1013 (21.0%) from township hospitals. The average score of the questionnaire was 83.31(± 20.397) and 72.12(± 20.898) in township and community hospitals (P༜0.05), respectively. 61.4%, 48.7% and 42.5% of the primary care physicians were aware of clinical manifestations of COPD, asthma and simple influenza. 85.7%, 8.1%, 16.1% and 1.0% knew how to diagnose COPD, asthma, CAP and influenza, respectively. 94.4% of the physicians didn’t know bronchodilators for COPD; 53.7% knew non-pharmacological treatments for COPD. 73.6% were unable to deal with asthma attacks. 65.1% didn’t know what the most essential and important treatment for influenza was. 92% physicians didn’t know the management for stable COPD; 3.0% knew all prevention and management measures for asthma. 37.9% knew all the preventive measures for CAP. 44.9% didn’t know the important role of influenza vaccine in preventing influenza and its complications.
Conclusions

Primary care physicians in China had a poor knowledge on asthma, CAP, COPD and influenza, but township hospitals physicians had a better knowledge than community hospitals physicians.
Synergistic Effect of Platelet-rich Fibrin Releasate and Bone Marrow Stem Cells in Preventing Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mouse
Authors: wong chin chean , Liao Jeng-Hao , Sheu Shi-Yuan , Lin Po-Yu , Chen Chih-Hwa , Kuo Tzong-Fu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by deterioration in the quantity and quality of bone tissue, with a consequent increase susceptibility to fracture.Methods: In this study, we sought to determine the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin releasate (PRFr) in augmenting the therapeutic effects of stem cell-based therapy in treating osteoporotic bone disorder. An osteoporosis mouse model was established through bilateral ovariectomy on 12 week-old female ICR (Institute of Cancer Research) mice. Eight weeks postoperatively, the ovariectomized(OVX) mice were left untreated (control) or injected with PRFr, bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), or the combination of BMSCs and PRFr. Two different injection (single versus quadruple)dosages were testedto investigate the accumulative effects of BMSCS and PRFr on bone quality. Eightweeksafter injection, the changes in tibial microstructural profiles included the percentage of bone volume versus total tissue volume (BV/TV, %), bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm3), trabecular number (Tb.N, number/mm), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp, mm) and bony histology were analyzed. Results: Postmenopausal osteoporosismodel was successfully established in OVX mice, evidenced by reduced BMD, decreased BV/TV, lower Tb.N but increased Tb.Sp..Eight weeks after injection, there was no significant changes to BMD and bone trabeculae could be detected in mice that received low-dose regimen. In contrast, in mice which received 4 doses of combined PRFr and BMSCs, the BMD, BV/TV, and TB.N increased, and the TB.Sp decreased significantly compared to untreated OVX mice. Moreover, the histological analysis showed the trabecular spacingbecome narrower in OVX-mice treated with high-dose injection of BMSCs and combined PRFr and BMSCs than untreated control.Conclusion: The systemic administration of combined BMSCs and PRFr protected against OVX-induced bone mass loss in mice. Moreover, the improvement of bony profile scores in quadruple injection group is better than the single-injection group, probably through the increase in effect size of cells and growth factors. Our data also revealed the combination therapy of BMSCs and PRFr has a synergistic effect in enhancing osteogenesis, which may provide insight for the development of a novel therapeutic strategy in osteoporosis treatment.
Neuropathic Pain During Common Lumboradiculalgia in Subsaharian Africa: Bicentric Study About 409 Patients.
Authors: Kaboré Fulgence , Ouattara Baly , Tiendrébéogo Stéphanie Wendlassida Joelle , Diomandé Mohamed , Sougué Charles , Coulibaly Abidou , Nikiéma Pascal Ismaël , Eti Edmond , Ouedraogo Dieu-Donné 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Neuropathic pain is defined as pain caused by injury or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Our purpose was to study the frequency of neuropathic pain among common lumboradiculalgia patients in subsaharian Africa patients. Methods: This was a bicentric cross-sectional study from February 2015 to 30 July 2015 in the first center and then from February 2017 to 30 July 2017 in the second center, i.e. a duration of 6 months for each study site. All patients with a common lomboradiculalgie were included. DN4 questionnaire was used for the diagnosis of neuropathic pain.Results : Four hundred and nine patients with common lumboradiculalgia were included. There were 278 females (67.97%) and 131 males (32.03%), for a sex ratio of 0.47. The average age was 51.75 ± 13.84 years with extremes of 16 and 88 years. One hundred and seventy-five patients ( 42.8%) had NP. Statistical analysis showed a statistically significant association between the existence of NP and age over 60 years and the existence of radiculalgia. Conclusions: Our study confirms the high frequency of neuropathic pain during common lumboradiculalgia. Age over 60 years and Poorly systematized radiculalgia were associated to NP.
Predictors of an Unfavourable Outcome After Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischaemic Stroke
Authors: Deng Qi-Wen , Zhou Feng , Zhang Guoxing , Hou Jian-Kang , Liu Yu-Kai , Chen Xiang-Liang , Zhang Yu-Qiao , Jiang Teng , Wang Wei , Sun Hui-Ling , Shen Rui , Shi Hong-Chao , Zhou Jun-Shan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Mounting evidence has shown that mechanical thrombectomy (MT) improves clinical outcomes for large vessel occlusions (LVOs) in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) of the anterior circulation. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of risk factors associated with clinical outcomes in AIS patients receiving MT.Methods: A total of 212 consecutive patients who underwent MT for AIS were enrolled in the present study. Clinical characteristics were recorded at admission. Two endpoints were defined according to the 3-month modified Rankin scale (mRS) score after AIS (good outcome, mRS 0–2; and death, mRS 6). Additionally, we compared the clinical outcomes and safety of MT alone and bridging therapy in AIS patients.Results: Of the 212 patients treated with MT, 114 (53.77%) patients had a good outcome and 31 (14.62%) died. The incidence of a worse outcome after MT was significantly elevated in males and patients with high WBC counts, high admission blood glucose levels, high baseline NIHSS scores and a long interval time from groin puncture to reperfusion in AIS patients treated with MT after adjustment for covariates (P < 0.05); these risk factors were further confirmed by our constructed nomograms. In addition, we observed no significant benefit of bridging therapy compared to MT alone in AIS patients.Conclusions: The factors associated with an unfavourable outcome in AIS patients treated with MT were male sex, admission WBC, admission blood glucose, NIHSS, and the interval time from groin puncture to reperfusion.
Adaptation strategies in energy sector enterprises
Authors: Borowski Piotr 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Energy companies face challenges arising from the ecological, social and legal environment. The reduction of negative impact on the environment and society while maintaining sustainable development affects the formation of new development strategies. Adaptation strategy to external requirements is the subject of completed research.
Methods

As a new approach to carrying out strategic analysis, two models were used simultaneously (inductive and hypothetical-deductive) which allows for realization qualitative (interviews, observations) and quantitative (statistical analysis) research methods generally called multimode methods. That is why induction and hypothetical-deductive models were used in the study to correctly formulate generalizations and put forward appropriate hypotheses. The study was conducted on the basis of enterprises from the energy sector, and the adaptation strategy was presented as a new approach in the energy sector, moving out or proposing the theory of active and passive adaptation. The study analyzed the relationship between the macro environment (political, legal, social, technological) and the implemented adaptation strategy in energy enterprises.
Results

The results of the conducted surveys show the impact of macroenironmental elements on strategic decisions. Power companies quite highly assess the impact of the national and EU legal and political environment on the actions taken. There is also association in the decision process concerning the frequency of market analysis in the group of enterprises.
Conclusion

The issue of adapting the enterprise to the environment is concerning its involvement in the field of research and development (R + D). Depending on the size of the company, there is a difference in the number of companies carrying out research on their own side or by outsourcing. Regulations and the technological environment force innovations of energy companies in the direction of reducing harmful impact on the environment and society. Legal and political factors (both national and EU) determine the activities of power companies (in each group: small, medium and large) and determine the choice of adaptation strategies. The intensity of adaptation to the requirements of the environment changes depends on the size of the company. Power companies apply passive adaptation strategies and as they increase their position on the market, they begin to implement an active adaptation strategy.
"Healthy Akame!" a Community-Government-University collaboration in community-based participatory research (CBPR) with mixed-method to address health issue in rural Japan community
Authors: Haya Marinda Asiah Nuril , Ichikawa Shuhei , Shibagaki Yukino , Board Akame Machijuu Genki Project Community Advisory , Wakabayashi Hideki , Takemura Yousuke 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Public health programs are commonly designed as one-fit for all, to solve problems with high prevalence or cost. However, differences in community’s values and interest might create gaps between health program’s objectives and its implementation. We hypothesized that implementation of community-based participatory research (CBPR) which involve community in every step, can promote more effective program and empower community. This first step of CBPR aimed to assess community needs and develop tailored program for community in rural Japan.Methods: This study applied sequential exploratory mixed-method study (qualitative followed by quantitative). First, we formed community advisory board (CAB) that represented community organization, city officials, and university researchers. CAB conducted group discussions with community residents to identify community’s health issues and strength. Records of group discussions were analyzed with thematic analysis and developed into questionnaire. Questionnaire was sent to all households in community to get priority score of health issues and proposed action, also to assess the willingness to participate in community health program. CAB designed program based on overall results.Results: Ten group discussions with 68 participants generated the following health issues: 1) Diseases, 2) Unhealthy behavior, and 3) Unsupportive environment. Nature, vacant lot, and local farms were considered as local strength. From 1470 households, 773 questionnaires were collected. Cancer, lifestyle-related diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases were ranked highest as health problems. Improving services and access for medical checkup were considered most important. Utilization of public space, local farm, and collaboration with community health office came next for proposed action. Female, people who practice preventive behavior and have high commitment to community were more likely to attend community health program. Almost half participants were unwilling to attend, with majority were work-related reasons. Taking consideration of feasibility and target coverage, CAB decided to develop community program to tackle lifestyle-related diseases. To make advantage of local resources, the main activities centered on health education classes, cooking classes, healthy cafeteria, local farmers market, exercise classes and sports events.Conclusions: CBPR approach was useful to identify community’s needs and to develop a community-based health program that address the needs by utilizing local strength.
Open secret, or imagined problem: Drug and alcohol use in Tanzanian road traffic accident drivers
Authors: Dozois Adeline Rose , Nkondora Paulina , Noste Erin E , Mfinanga Juma , Sawe Hendry R , Runyon Michael S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have emerged as an important public health problem in low and middle-income countries, where 90% of RTA deaths occur. The World Health Organization has suggested strategies to address excess mortality from RTAs including efforts to combat driving while intoxicated. The association between substance use and RTAs is well known in high-income countries, but data is more limited in low-resource settings including Tanzania. The objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of drug use, alcohol use, and substance use disorders in Tanzanian RTA drivers.
Methods

This prospective observational study was conducted in the Emergency Department of Muhimbili National Hospital, a national referral hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Research assistants available 24 hours per day enrolled adult drivers who presented within 24 hours of an RTA. In eligible patients, research assistants collected a saliva test of blood alcohol content (BAC) and a urine drug screen (UDS), and administered a validated substance abuse screening tool, the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), Patients were excluded from individual analyses if they could not produce a saliva or urine test or answer questions. Primary outcomes were rates of positive BAC, UDS and self-reported high-risk alcohol and drug use patterns. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Excel.
Results

We screened 5264 trauma patients and enrolled 538, in whom 191 had a BAC, 362 had a UDS, and 417 had a complete ASSIST. Fifteen of 191 patients (7.8%) had a positive BAC, and 68/362 (18.7%) patients had a UDS that was positive for at least one drug. Based on the ASSIST, 104/417 (24.5%) of patients were at moderate or high risk for alcohol use disorder. Few were at risk for disordered use of other non-tobacco substances.
Conclusion

In our population of drivers presenting within 24 hours of an RTA, positive BAC and UDS tests were rare. A substantial portion of the population was at moderate to high risk for an alcohol use disorder. Ideal screening for substance use in trauma populations may involve a verbal screening tool, particularly when the time between injury and hospital arrival is delayed.
The Construction and Grade Development of the Evaluation System of the Physical Ability Index of Preschooler
Authors: WANG Tingting , YAN Zhili 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose

Motor skills(MS), physical activity(PA) and physical fitness(PF) are important factors in preschooler's healthy growth. Thus, the aim of this study was to integrate the level of MS、PA and PF,so as to build an evaluation system of preschooler's physical activity index (PAIP). Method: Preschooler (n = 600) from kindergarten in Changsha, the capital city of Hunan Province in Central China were recruited, and a three-axis accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X-BT) was used to the PA status of them, and the test of gross motor development three edition (TGMD-3) was used to the MS status of them, and national fitness test standard of China was used to PF status of them. We conducted simultaneous path modeling in AMOS to test moderation effects.
Results

Based on the measurements of MS、PA and PF༌a PAIP model was built using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. This model combined physical fitness, physical activity and motor skills together and to reveals that the promotion of motor skills to the physical health of preschoolers has greater benefits than physical fitness and physical activity. At the same time, the evaluation index system and reference level of physical movement ability index of preschool children are developed, which provides an operational way to look forward to the development of physical health of preschool children.
Conclusions

The theoretical structure model of PAIP suggests that kindergarten administrators and physical education teachers should put the multi-directional development and types of motor skills of preschool children in the first place.
Modulation of mechanosensory vibrissal responses in the trigeminocervical complex by stimulation of the greater occipital nerve in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain
Authors: García-Magro Nuria , Negredo Pilar , Martin Yasmina B. , Nuñez Angel , Avendaño Carlos 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Stimulation of occipital or trigeminal nerves has been successfully used to treat chronic refractory neurovascular headaches such as migraine or cluster headache, and painful neuropathies. Convergence of trigeminal and occipital sensory afferents in the "trigeminocervical complex" (TCC) from cutaneous, muscular, dural, and visceral sources is a key mechanism for the input-induced central sensitization that may underlie the altered nociception. Both excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic and glycinergic) mechanisms are involved in modulating nociception in spinal and medullary dorsal horn neurons, but the mechanisms by which nerve stimulation effects occur are unclear. This study was aimed at investigating the acute effects of electrical stimulation of the greater occipital nerve (GON) on the responses of neurons in the TCC to the mechanical stimulation of the vibrissal pad.Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were used. Neuronal recordings were obtained in laminae II-IV in the TCC in control, sham and infraorbital chronic constriction injury (CCI-IoN) animals. GON was isolated and electrically stimulated. Responses to stimulation of vibrissae by brief air pulses were analyzed before and after GON stimulation. In order to understand the role of neurotransmitters involved, specific receptor blockers of NMDA (AP-5), GABAA (bicuculline, Bic) and Glycine (strychnine, Str) were locally applied.Results: GON stimulation produced a facilitation of the response to light facial mechanical stimuli in controls, and an inhibition in CCI-IoN cases. AP-5 reduced responses to GON and vibrissal stimulation and blocked the facilitation of GON on vibrissal responses found in controls. The application of Bic or Str reduced significantly the facilitatory effect of GON stimulation on the response to vibrissal stimulation in controls. However, the opposite effect was found when GABAergic or Glycinergic transmission was prevented in CCI-IoN cases.Conclusions: GON stimulation modulates the responses of TCC neurons to light mechanical input from the face in opposite directions in controls and under CCI-IoN. This modulation is mediated by GABAergic and Glycinergic mechanisms. These results will help to elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying the effectiveness of nerve stimulation in controlling painful craniofacial disorders, and may be instrumental for identifying new therapeutic targets for their prevention and treatment.