bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐piece zirconia versus titanium implants after 80 months: Clinical outcomes from a prospective randomized pilot trial
Authors: Koller Martin , Steyer Elisabeth , Theisen Kerstin , Stagnell Sami , Jakse Norbert , Payer Michael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo prospectively evaluate, as part of an ongoing randomized pilot trial, the clinical outcomes of two‐piece zirconia implants in comparison with titanium implants 80 months after delivery of all‐ceramic (lithium disilicate) single‐tooth restorations.Material and methodsThe original sample included 31 (16 zirconia and 15 titanium) implants in 22 healthy patients. In addition to evaluating implant survival and success, a number of clinical or radiographic parameters were statistically analyzed: plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), pink esthetic score (PES), and marginal bone loss (MBL). Both implant groups were compared using a Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsThree implants (2 zirconia and 1 titanium) had been lost, so that 28 implants (14 zirconia and 14 titanium) in 21 patients could be evaluated after a mean of 80.9 (SD: 5.5) months. All surviving implants had remained stable, in the absence of any fixture or abutment fractures and without any chipping, fracture, or debonding of crowns. The zirconia implants were associated with PI values of 11.07% (SD: 8.11) and the titanium implants with 15.20% (SD: 15.58), the respective figures for the other parameters being 16.43% (SD: 6.16) or 12.60% (SD: 7.66) for BOP; 11.11 (SD: 1.27) or 11.56 (SD: 1.01) for PES; and 1.38 mm (SD: 0.81) or 1.17 mm (SD: 0.73) for MBL.ConclusionsNo significant differences were found between the clinical outcomes of two‐piece zirconia and titanium implants based on the aforementioned parameters after 80 months of clinical service. Our results should be interpreted with the limited sample size in mind.
Evaluation of the removal of impassable barriers on anadromous salmon and steelhead in the Columbia River Basin
Authors: Clark Christopher , Roni Philip , Keeton Jenna , Pess George 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite the popularity of barrier removal as a habitat restoration technique, there are few studies that evaluate the biological effects of restored stream crossings. An extensive post‐treatment study design was used to quantify fish populations (e.g. species, life stage, abundance) and habitat attributes (e.g. gradient, geomorphic channel units) at 32 culvert removal or replacement projects to determine their effectiveness in restoring habitat access for juvenile salmon, Oncorhynchus spp., and steelhead, O. mykiss (Walbaum), in the Columbia River Basin, USA. Anadromous fish (steelhead, Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha [Walbaum]) abundance, juvenile steelhead abundance and habitat conditions were not significantly different between paired reaches (i.e. upstream and downstream of former barrier sites), suggesting these sites are no longer full barriers to movement. This suggests that barrier removal projects on small Columbia Basin streams provide adequate fish passage, increased habitat availability and increased juvenile anadromous fish abundance immediately upstream of former barriers.
Identifying causes of low persistence of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) dairy pasture using the Basic Grassland model (BASGRA)
Authors: Woodward Simon J. R. , Van Oijen Marcel , Griffiths Wendy M. , Beukes Pierre C. , Chapman David F. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent years have seen a decline in herbage production and tiller populations in New Zealand's perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) dairy pastures. One hypothesis is that modern genotypes are less suited to the warmer, drier weather experienced under changing climate patterns. In this study, a combination of long‐term trial data (2011–2017) and a process‐based pasture model (BASGRA) was used to explore the causes and possible mitigation of the observed production and population loss at three sites (dryland sites in Northland and Waikato and an irrigated site in Canterbury). Bayesian calibration was used to identify the model parameter sets that were consistent with the trial data and to identify differences in plant morphology and responses between sites. The model successfully simulated the observed differences in tiller numbers between the dryland sites, where populations and production declined rapidly after the second year and the irrigated site where populations and production were maintained. Analysis of the model calibrations along with preliminary scenario simulations suggests that increased tiller mortality associated with drought was the main cause of persistence failure at the dryland sites and that decreasing grazing pressure or breeding for tolerance to higher temperatures may not be successful in preventing this.
The diagnosis of clinically significant oesophagealCandidainfections: a reappraisal of clinicopathological findings
Authors: Hissong Erika , Schechter Shula , Mowers Jonathan , Yantiss Rhonda K , Slavik Tomas , Cheng Jerome , Lamps Laura W 
Published: January 2020

AimsDistinguishing true oesophagealCandidainfections from oral contaminants is a common diagnostic issue. Historically, histological features believed to indicate true infection included epithelial invasion by pseudohyphae and intraepithelial neutrophils. Whether or not these features correlate with endoscopic lesions, symptoms and response to therapy has never been tested in a large cohort. The aim of this study was to determine whether specific histological features correlate with clinical and endoscopic findings whenCandidais found in oesophageal biopsies.Methods and resultsWe reviewed 271 biopsies in whichCandidawas detected. Cases were evaluated for the presence of desquamated epithelial cells, location/type of fungal forms, neutrophils, and ulceration. Medical records were reviewed for clinical history, endoscopic lesions, and response to antifungal therapy. Statistical analysis was used to determine whether any histological features significantly correlated with clinical variables. There were 120 males and 151 females with a mean age of 42 years. Fifty‐nine per cent had symptoms referable to the oesophagus, particularly dysphagia (36%). Most (73%) patients had abnormal endoscopic findings, with plaques, ulcers, or macroscopic evidence of oesophagitis. Seventy‐one per cent of patients with documented antifungal therapy showed symptomatic improvement. Overall, there was no statistically significant correlation between any histological feature and presenting symptoms, endoscopic findings, or response to therapy. Importantly, the lack of pseudohyphae, demonstrable invasion of intact epithelium or neutrophilic infiltrates did not exclude clinically significant infection.ConclusionsWe conclude that detection ofCandidain oesophageal biopsies is always potentially clinically significant. Treatment decisions should be made on the basis of an integration of clinical, endoscopic and histological findings.
Inflammasomes contributing to inflammation in arthritis
Authors: Spel Lotte , Martinon Fabio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein signaling platforms that initiate inflammatory responses in response to pathogens and cellular damage. Active inflammasomes induce the enzymatic activity of caspase‐1, resulting in the induction of inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis, and the maturation and secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18. Inflammasomes are activated in many inflammatory diseases, including autoinflammatory disorders and arthritis, and inflammasome‐specific therapies are under development for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. In this review, we outline the different inflammasome platforms and recent findings contributing to our knowledge about inflammasome biology in health and disease. In particular, we discuss the role of the inflammasome in the pathogenesis of arthritic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and the potential of newly developed therapies that specifically target the inflammasome or its products for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Impaired T cell receptor signaling and development of T cell–mediated autoimmune arthritis
Authors: Takeuchi Yusuke , Hirota Keiji , Sakaguchi Shimon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMutations of the genes encoding T‐cell receptor (TCR)‐proximal signaling molecules, such as ZAP‐70, can be causative of immunological diseases ranging from T‐cell immunodeficiency to T‐cell–mediated autoimmune disease. For example, SKG mice, which carry a hypomorphic point mutation of the Zap‐70 gene, spontaneously develop T‐cell–mediated autoimmune arthritis immunopathologically similar to human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The Zap‐70 mutation alters the sensitivity of developing T cells to thymic positive/negative selection by self‐peptides/MHC complexes, shifting self‐reactive TCR repertoire to include a dominant arthritogenic specificity and also affecting thymic development and function of autoimmune suppressive regulatory T (Treg) cells. Polyclonal self‐reactive T cells, including potentially arthritogenic T cells, thus produced by the thymus recognize self‐peptide/MHC complexes on antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) in the periphery and stimulate them to produce cytokines including IL‐6 to drive the arthritogenic T cells to differentiate into arthritogenic T‐helper 17 (Th17) cells. Insufficient Treg suppression or activation of APCs via microbial and other environmental stimuli evokes arthritis by activating granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor‐secreting effector Th17 cells, mediating chronic bone‐destructive joint inflammation by activating myeloid cells, innate lymphoid cells, and synoviocytes in the joint. These findings obtained from the study of SKG mouse arthritis are instrumental in understanding how arthritogenic T cells are produced, become activated, and differentiate into effector T cells mediating arthritis, and may help devising therapeutic measures targeting autoimmune pathogenic Th17 cells or autoimmune‐suppressing Treg cells to treat and prevent RA.
Evidence into action: a policy brief exemplar supporting attainment of nursing now
Authors: Benton D.C. , Watkins M.J. , Beasley C.J. , Ferguson S.L. , Holloway A. 
Published: January 2020

AimTo provide a framework for the production of policy briefs, and offer a practical example of how evidence can be turned into a succinct document to inform policy and bring about change targeted at delivering universal health coverage.IntroductionPolicymakers are too busy, or do not have the necessary expertise, to read and comprehend complex scientific papers. As a result, policy briefs that capture and present the essential points are needed if evidence‐informed policy is to be developed and implemented.MethodA two‐page example of how evidence from meta‐analytical and systematic reviews can be presented to identify options and recommendations to address a major global disease burden.ResultsThe example uses a simple, seven‐section template for developing a policy brief. The essential characteristics of each section are provided. The briefing, targeted at the global level, provides information on the major challenges associated with the treatment of individuals with diabetes.Discussion and ConclusionsThis paper demonstrates how to use existing research evidence to address the pursuit of UHC relevant to a wide range of geographies, settings or disadvantaged groups.Implications for PolicyGaps in universal health coverage and major disease burdens such as diabetes can be pursued through entities such as country‐based Nursing Now groups. In addition, ongoing opportunities exist through the International Council of Nurses annual International Nurses Day and WHO’s regular regional meetings to inform and influence policy discussions at national and subnational levels. By focusing on a small number of global topics each year, measurable changes in addressing the burden of disease can be achieved while simultaneously keeping the nursing profession’s contribution centre stage.
Damage evolution in SiC/SiC unidirectional composites by X‐ray tomography
Authors: Hilmas Ashley M. , Sevener Kathleen M. , Halloran John W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMelt infiltrated SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite unidirectional (UD) composite specimens were imaged under load using X‐ray microtomography techniques in order to visualize the evolution of damage accumulation and to quantify damage mechanisms within the composite such as matrix cracking and fiber breaking. The data obtained from these in situ tensile tests were used in comparison with current models and literature results. Three‐dimensional (3D) tomography images were used to measure the location and spacing of matrix cracking that occurred at increasing stress increments during testing within two UD composite specimens. The number of broken fibers and the location of each fiber break gap that occurred within the volume of both specimens were also quantified. The 3D locations of fiber breaks were correlated with the location of each matrix crack within the volume of the specimen and it was found that at the stress scanned directly before failure, most of the fiber breaks occur within 100 microns of a matrix crack.
Protein Kinase D3 promotes the cell proliferation by activating the ERK1/c‐MYC axis in breast cancer
Authors: Liu Yan , Song Hang , Yu Shiyi , Huang Kuo‐Hsiang , Ma Xinxing , Zhou Yehui , Yu Shuang , Zhang Jingzhong , Chen Liming 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBreast cancer is the second leading death cause of cancer death for all women. Previous study suggested that Protein Kinase D3 (PRKD3) was involved in breast cancer progression. In addition, the protein level of PRKD3 in triple‐negative breast adenocarcinoma was higher than that in normal breast tissue. However, the oncogenic mechanisms of PRKD3 in breast cancer is not fully investigated. Multi‐omic data showed that ERK1/c‐MYC axis was identified as a major pivot in PRKD3‐mediated downstream pathways. Our study provided the evidence to support that the PRKD3/ERK1/c‐MYC pathway play an important role in breast cancer progression. We found that knocking out PRKD3 by performing CRISPR/Cas9 genome engineering technology suppressed phosphorylation of both ERK1 and c‐MYC but did not down‐regulate ERK1/2 expression or phosphorylation of ERK2. The inhibition of ERK1 and c‐MYC phosphorylation further led to the lower protein level of c‐MYC and then reduced the expression of the c‐MYC target genes in breast cancer cells. We also found that loss of PRKD3 reduced the rate of the cell proliferation in vitro and tumour growth in vivo, whereas ectopic (over)expression of PRKD3, ERK1 or c‐MYC in the PRKD3‐knockout breast cells reverse the suppression of the cell proliferation and tumour growth. Collectively, our data strongly suggested that PRKD3 likely promote the cell proliferation in the breast cancer cells by activating ERK1‐c‐MYC axis.
Ferulic acid 12% peel: An innovative peel for constitutional type of periorbital melanosis—Comparing clinical efficacy and safety with 20% glycolic peel and 15% lactic peel
Authors: Dayal Surabhi , Sangal Bhavya , Sahu Priyadarshini 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeriorbital hyperpigmentation (POH) is a very common, yet unexplored aesthetic condition. Topical therapy is mainstay of treatment which includes chemical peels and other depigmenting agents.AimsTo compare clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 20% glycolic acid peels, 15% lactic acid peels, and 12% ferulic acid peels in the treatment of constitutional type of periorbital hyperpigmentation in Indian patients.MethodsNinety patients of constitutional POH were enrolled for 12 weeks. They were divided into three groups of 30 each. In 1st group 20% glycolic acid peeling, in 2nd group 15% lactic acid peeling and in 3rd group 12% ferulic acid peeling sessions were performed at 3 weekly intervals. Clinical improvement was assessed objectively using POH grading, physician's and patient's global assessment, and patient's global tolerance.ResultsSignificant improvement in periorbital hyperpigmentation was noted in all the three groups. Physician and patient's global assessment was excellent with glycolic acid peel followed by ferulic acid peel and lactic acid peel. The incidence of side effects in the form of erythema and itching was maximum with glycolic acid followed by lactic acid and least with ferulic acid, which did not necessitate cessation of therapy.ConclusionGlycolic acid produced the best results among the three peels; however, ferulic acid peel emerged as a safe and effective modality for the treatment of POH.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Existence and Uniqueness of Recursive Utilities
Authors: BOROVIČKA JAROSLAV , STACHURSKI JOHN 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTWe obtain exact necessary and sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness of solutions of a class of homothetic recursive utility models postulated by Epstein and Zin. The conditions center on a single test value with a natural economic interpretation. The test sheds light on the relationship between valuation of cash flows, impatience, risk adjustment, and intertemporal substitution of consumption. We propose two methods to compute the test value when an analytical solution is not available. We further provide several applications.
A deep‐learning‐based computer vision solution for construction vehicle detection
Authors: Arabi Saeed , Haghighat Arya , Sharma Anuj 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper aims at providing researchers and engineering professionals from the first step of solution development to the last step of solution deployment with a practical and comprehensive deep‐learning‐based solution for detecting construction vehicles. This paper places particular focus on the often‐ignored last step of deployment. Our first phase of solution development involved data preparation, model selection, model training, and model validation. Given the necessarily small‐scale nature of construction vehicle image datasets, we propose as detection model an improved version of the single shot detector MobileNet, which is suitable for embedded devices. Our study's second phase comprised model optimization, application‐specific embedded system selection, economic analysis, and field implementation. Several embedded devices were proposed and compared. Results including a consistent above 90% mean average precision confirm the superior real‐time performance of our proposed solutions. Finally, the practical field implementation of our proposed solutions was investigated. This study validates the practicality of deep‐learning‐based object detection solutions for construction scenarios. Moreover, the detailed information provided by the current study can be employed for several purposes such as safety monitoring, productivity assessments, and managerial decision making.
Genome‐wide identification of Listeria monocytogenes CodY‐binding sites
Authors: Biswas Rajesh , Sonenshein Abraham L. , Belitsky Boris R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCodY is a global transcriptional regulator that controls, directly or indirectly, the expression of dozens of genes and operons in Listeria monocytogenes. We used in vitro DNA affinity purification combined with massively parallel sequencing (IDAP‐Seq) to identify genome‐wide L. monocytogenes chromosomal DNA regions that CodY binds in vitro. The total number of CodY‐binding regions exceeded 2,000, but they varied significantly in their strengths of binding at different CodY concentrations. The 388 strongest CodY‐binding regions were chosen for further analysis. A strand‐specific analysis of the data allowed pinpointing CodY‐binding sites at close to single‐nucleotide resolution. Gel shift and DNase I footprinting assays confirmed the presence and locations of several CodY‐binding sites. Surprisingly, most of the sites were located within genes’ coding regions. The binding site within the beginning of the coding sequence of the prfA gene, which encodes the master regulator of virulence genes, has been previously implicated in regulation of prfA, but this site was weaker in vitro than hundreds of other sites. The L. monocytogenes CodY protein was functionally similar to Bacillus subtilis CodY when expressed in B. subtilis cells. Based on the sequences of the CodY‐binding sites, a model of CodY interaction with DNA is proposed.
Accessory tragus: Report of a case in a rare location on the nasal vestibule
Authors: Moradi Sara , Castiglione Charles , Ehrig Torsten 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA case of an accessory tragus located on the nasal vestibule is reported. This represents the third case of this entity located outside of a derivative of a branchial arch. All three of these cases were located in the nose/glabella region.
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma as a rare secondary malignancy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A case report
Authors: Good Meghan L. , Malekzadeh Parisa , Kriley Isaac R. , Shah Nirali N. , Kleiner David E. , Calvo Katherine , Hernandez Jonathan M. , Davis Jeremy L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSecondary malignancies are a significant cause of non‐relapse mortality in patients who undergo allogeneic HCT. However, secondary liver cancer is rare, and ICC following HCT has never been reported in the literature. Secondary solid cancers typically have a long latency period, and cholangiocarcinoma is classically a malignancy occurring in older individuals. Here, we report the first case of secondary ICC, which presented just 3 years after HCT in a young adult with a history of childhood ALL. A 26‐year‐old male with history of precursor B‐cell ALL presented with asymptomatic elevated liver function tests 3 years after HCT. Laboratories were indicative of biliary obstruction. ERCP showed focal biliary stricturing of the common and left hepatic ducts. MRCP revealed left intrahepatic duct dilatation, suggestive of intrahepatic obstructing mass. Additional workup lead to a clinical diagnosis of ICC. The patient underwent left hepatectomy with extrahepatic bile duct resection and portal lymphadenectomy. Surgical pathology was consistent with moderately differentiated cholangiocarcinoma. Our case illustrates a rare SMN following HCT for ALL. It is the first case report of ICC occurring as a secondary cancer in this patient population. Although cholangiocarcinoma is characteristically diagnosed in the older population, it must remain on the differential for biliary obstruction in post‐HCT patients.