bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From farmers to livestock keepers: a typology of cattle production systems in south-western Burkina Faso
Authors: Zoma-Traoré B. , Soudré A. , Ouédraogo-Koné S. , Khayatzadeh N. , Probst L. , Sölkner J. , Mészáros G. , Burger P. A. , Traoré A. , Sanou M. , Ouédraogo G. M. S. , Traoré L. , Ouédraogo D. , Yougbaré B. , Wurzinger M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCattle production is an essential livelihood strategy in south-western Burkina Faso. Although having a distinct cultural role and known to be resistant against African animal trypanosomosis, the Lobi taurine cattle breed is endangered due to its low market value. As the first step in preservation efforts, our study aimed to develop a typology of production systems at the farm level. We used a structured questionnaire and focus group discussions for collecting data on household characteristics, socioeconomic activities, livestock, and access to services. The sample comprised 169 households in three communities. The analytical strategy included factor analysis of mixed data and hierarchical clustering. We identified four distinct types of cattle production systems: (1) sedentary Lobi farms, (2) sedentary crossbreed farms, (3) semi-transhumant Fulani zebu farms, and (4) transhumant Fulani zebu farms. Significant factors in developing this typology were the farmers’ ethnic group, crop diversity, cattle herd size, cattle herd composition, number of small ruminants, and livestock management strategies. Across all production systems, men were considered being primary decision-makers in cattle production, with women, herders, and children being responsible for specific tasks. All identified production systems are increasingly confronting disease pressure and scarcity of water and land. Future efforts in preservation and breeding will need to respond to these trends in the agroecosystem, integrate risk management measures, and resonate with the specific needs of the different household members involved in cattle rearing.
The effectiveness of social skills training (SST) for juvenile delinquents: a meta-analytical review
Authors: van der Stouwe Trudy , Gubbels Jeanne , Castenmiller Yvonne L. , van der Zouwen Marion , Asscher Jessica J. , Hoeve Machteld , van der Laan Peter H. , Stams Geert Jan J. M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To examine the effectiveness of social skills training (SST) for juvenile offenders and for whom and under which conditions SSTs are the most effective.

Methods
Multilevel meta-analyses were conducted to examine the effectiveness of juvenile offender SST compared to no/placebo treatment and alternative treatment on offending, externalizing problems, social skills, and internalizing problems.

Results
Beneficial effects were only found for offending and social skills compared to no/placebo treatment. Compared to alternative treatment, small effects on only reoffending were found. Moderator analyses yielded larger effects on offending, with larger post-treatment effects on social skills. Effects on externalizing behavior were only reported in the USA, and effects on social skills were larger when the outcomes were reported through self-report.

Conclusions
SST may be a too generic treatment approach to reduce juvenile delinquency, because dynamic risk factors for juvenile offending are only partially targeted in SST.
How genomic information is accessed in clinical practice: an electronic survey of UK general practitioners
Authors: Evans W. R. H. , Tranter J. , Rafi I. , Hayward J. , Qureshi N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGenomic technologies are having an increasing impact across medicine, including primary care. To enable their wider adoption and realize their potential, education of primary health-care practitioners will be required. To enable the development of such resources, understanding where GPs currently access genomic information is needed. One-hundred fifty-nine UK GPs completed the survey in response to an open invitation, between September 2017 and September 2018. Questions were in response to 4 clinical genomic scenarios, with further questions exploring resources used for rare disease patients, direct-to-consumer genetic testing and collecting a family history. Respondents were most commonly GP principals (independent GPs who own their clinic) (64.8%), aged 35–49 years (54%), worked as a GP for more than 15 years (44%) and practiced within suburban locations (typically wealthier) (50.3%). The most popular ‘just in time’ education source for all clinical genomic scenarios were online primary care focussed resources with general Internet search engines also popular. For genomic continuous medical education, over 70% of respondents preferred online learning. Considering specific scenarios, local guidelines were a popular resource for the familial breast cancer scenario. A large proportion (41%) had not heard of Genomics England’s 100,000 genome project. Few respondents (4%) would access rare disease specific Internet resources (Orphanet, OMIM). Twenty-five percent of respondents were unsure how to respond to a direct-to-consumer commercial genetic test query, with 41% forwarding such queries to local genetic services. GPs require concise, relevant, primary care focussed resources in trusted and familiar online repositories of information. Inadequate genetic education of GPs could increase burden on local genetic services.
A horse and a zebra: an atypical clinical picture including Guillain-Barré syndrome, recurrent fever and mesenteric lymphadenopathy caused by two concomitant infections
Authors: Amereller Felix , Lottspeich Christian , Buchholz Grete , Dichtl Karl 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhileCampylobacter jejunirepresents the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis,Yersinia pseudotuberculosisinfections are very rarely diagnosed in adults.CaseWe report on a previously healthy patient who presented several times at our hospital with fever, Guillain-Barré syndrome, recurrent abdominal symptoms and distinct mesenteric lymphadenopathy, respectively. This complicated and diagnostically challenging course of disease was caused by aC. jejuniandY. pseudotuberculosiscoinfection. Antibiotic treatment with doxycycline was effective.ConclusionBroad serology testing was crucial to discover that two concomitant infections were causing the symptoms. This case demonstrates that when a clinical picture is not fully explained by one known infection, another infection with the same underlying risk factor has to be considered, hence “a horse and a zebra”.
A Design Approach for a Valve Based on a Magnetic Shape Memory Actuator
Authors: Effner Annabell , Zawada Tobias , Weber Jürgen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith the motivation to meet the increasing requirements on fast-switching pneumatic valves, Magnetic Shape Memory alloys (MSM) are considered as a promising alternative to conventional actuators. Regarding the desired strokes, forces and actuation frequencies MSM alloys meet the requirements best among other solid-state transducers for valve applications. However, the hysteresis in the magneto-mechanical behavior is challenging during the sizing process of a component based on an MSM actuator. It has proved to be valuable to apply a system simulation including a lumped element model of the MSM element in the early design phase. In this contribution, a design approach for the valve based on an MSM actuator is shown. A system network model was used to design a functional prototype of the valve to achieve the specifications defined within a requirements analysis. These specifications were derived from characteristic features of conventional established fast-switching pneumatic valve. The analysis of the subsystems was done to exploit the deviations and their influences on the system behavior. Furthermore, the experimental research of the functional prototype of the valve was carried out to check for functionality and to evaluate whether the specifications were met. A nominal volume flow of 120 Nl/min was reached at a supply Voltage $$U$$U of $$48\;{\text{V}}$$48V and current $$i$$i of $$7.6\;{\text{A}}$$7.6A which exceeds the aim of 100 Nl/min. By means of an optimization of the actuators geometry the response time could be reduced to less than $$1\;{\text{ms}}$$1ms. The desired maximum modular dimension of 9 mm was not achieved by the functional prototype due to the available production process, but would be feasible with series production.
Experimental study of road deicing by using the urban groundwater under the climatic condition of Nuremberg city, Germany
Authors: Baumgärtel Sebastian , Rohn Joachim , Luo Jin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTraffic accidents caused by heavy icing and snowing kept increasing in Germany in recent years, and many deicing methods were therefore developed. These methods either harm the environment (deicing salt) or damage roads (snowplows). As an alternative, the heating of roads using electricity or heated water has been proposed. This study considers the direct use of groundwater for road deicing in urban centers. The climatic and hydrological setting of Nuremberg city is referenced for a testing setup inside a cooling chamber using concrete slabs to test inlet water temperatures under different ambient temperatures. They were designed with 100 mm and 200 mm coil distance and both with an installation depth of around 40 mm. Additionally, an outside test field in a similar fashion is built to validate the measurements inside a chamber. The experiments indicated that a groundwater temperature of 10 °C is sufficient to keep the surface ice-free in typical winter days in the study area. Furthermore, the snow did not accumulate on the outside test field during snowfall events. The usability of this heating method could, therefore, be recommended for road deicing under such climatic condition.
Theoretical study of the adiponectin receptors: binding site characterization and molecular dynamics of possible ligands for drug design
Authors: Muratore Massimo , Komai Ali M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe two adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) have been implicated in glucose and lipid regulation involved in several metabolic pathologies including type II diabetes. Their exact biochemical functions and mechanisms remain poorly understood. Moreover, these receptors do not yet have data on possible co-crystallized active ligands. In this study, we applied different computational methodologies to address three main unanswered questions: first, the localization and validation of possible binding sites; second, the generation of novel ligands with amenable characteristics to target the receptors; and third, the determination of important chemical interactions between the ligands and the receptors. Computational analysis of the binding site reveals that the residues triad R267, F271, and Y310 could be responsible for changes in the spatial arrangement and geometry of the binding pocket in AdipoR1. Molecular docking results in high docking scores of − 13.6 and − 16.5 kcal/mol for the top best ligands in AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 respectively. Finally, molecular dynamics suggests that hydrolytic activity may be possible with these compounds and that this reaction could be mediated by aspartic acid residues. The two adiponectin receptors have an endogenous protein ligand, adiponectin. However the synthesis is expensive and technically challenging. Although some debatable agonists have been proposed investigations of suitable synthetic ligands are indeed, very much needed for targeting these receptors and their associate pathologies and metabolic pathways. Furthermore, these findings provide a framework for further biochemical investigations of amenable compounds for drug discovery in order to target these receptors and their associated pathologies.
Understanding the first year of novice school counsellors
Authors: Atli Abdullah 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrevious research shows that the first year of a school counsellor’s career is one of the most critical stages. However, despite this importance, there is a limited number of studies that examine what novice school counsellors experience during their first year. The primary purpose of this qualitative study is to examine in detail the common experiences of novice school counsellors who have worked the first year of their professional career and to explore comprehensive themes regarding these experiences. Following a purposive sampling strategy, 33 school counsellors who started their profession in 19 different cities of Turkey were interviewed. As a result of the thematic analysis, five major themes emerged describing the first-year experiences of school counsellors: ‘Introduction’, ‘Fighting against Prejudices’, ‘Organising Counselling Service Room’, ‘Incongruence between Training and Work Definitions’, and ‘Longing for College Years’.
Assessment of academic difficulties in culturally and linguistically diverse school students
Authors: Velasco Leon Azucena , Campbell Marilyn 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe increasing tendency of immigration and forced migration practices around the world has made countries’ populations culturally and linguistically diverse. Australia is considered one of the most culturally diverse countries in the world. Consequently, the proportion of school-aged children with different culture and language is also increasing. Thus, school psychologists and guidance counsellors face the challenge of designing fair assessment practices and sound interventions for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) students who experience difficulties with their learning. Although many multicultural countries have extensive research regarding the assessment of learning difficulties in CALD students, Australia lacks this research. This study explored the most common assessment strategies that school psychologists and guidance counsellors usually implement in their assessment of CALD students. These results were then compared to a best practice model from the literature. In order to understand the current practices of school psychologists and counsellors in Australia who have assessed CALD children, a survey was administered to 34 school psychologists and counsellors. It was found that the reported strategies and protocols were very close to the ones proposed by experts, which was an unexpected outcome of this study. Implications for school psychologists and counsellors are discussed.
A possible Cambrian stem-group gnathiferan-chaetognath from the Weeks Formation (Miaolingian) of Utah
Authors: Conway Morris Simon , Smith Ru D.A. , Cuthill Jennifer F. Hoyal , Bonino Enrico , Lerosey-Aubril Rudy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn recent years the plethora of ‘weird wonders,’ the vernacular for the apparently extinct major body plans documented in many of the Cambrian Lagerstätten, has been dramatically trimmed. This is because various taxa have been either assigned to known phyla or accommodated in larger monophyletic assemblages. Nevertheless, a number of Cambrian taxa retain their enigmatic status. To this intriguing roster we add Dakorhachis thambus n. gen. n. sp. from the Miaolingian (Guzhangian) Weeks Formation Konservat-Lagerstätte of Utah. Specimens consist of an elongate body that lacks appendages but is apparently segmented. A prominent feeding apparatus consists of a circlet of triangular teeth, while posteriorly there are three distinct skeletal components. D. thambus is interpreted as an ambush predator and may have been partially infaunal. The wider affinities of this new taxon remain conjectural, but it is suggested that it may represent a stem-group member of the Gnathifera, today represented by the gnathostomulids, micrognathozoans, and rotifers and possibly with links to the chaetognaths.UUID: http://zoobank.org/22113e6b-f79e-4d06-9483-144618a61327
‘It gives you more to life, it's something new every day’: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of wellbeing in older care home residents who keep a personal pet
Authors: Freedman Shoshanna , Paramova Petia , Senior Victoria 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is a substantial amount of literature that suggests that animals, and specifically animals kept as pets, can have a positive effect on wellbeing. Research exploring the impact of animals on wellbeing in care homes mainly concerns visiting animals as well as shared communal pets. In light of the lack of research regarding personal pets in care homes, the aim of this study was to explore what the experience of keeping a personal pet in a care home means for residents’ sense of wellbeing. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven care home residents who were currently living with their pet in a care home. Interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Analysis revealed four master themes deemed to be relevant to participants’ wellbeing. these were: ‘sense of self and identity’, ‘responsibility and ownership’, ‘motivation and desire to live’ and ‘feeling content in the care home’. The analysis indicated that living with a personal pet in a care home has the potential to enhance residents’ wellbeing. At the same time, it also found that the benefits of keeping a personal pet may be dependent on specific circumstances, such as the attitudes of staff and fellow residents at the care home. This study indicates that it may be advisable for more care homes to accept personal pets.
Humanitarian makerspaces in crisis-affected communities
Authors: Corsini Lucia , Moultrie James 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is an increasing demand for humanitarian aid around the world. At the same time, the number of makerspaces has been growing exponentially. Recently, the humanitarian sector has become interested in how these new design spaces can help crisis-affected populations. Despite the emergence of humanitarian makerspaces, there is little research to date that documents their outcomes and impacts. A multi-case study approach is taken to analyze three makerspaces that support migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers in Greece. A maturity grid tool is used to show that humanitarian makerspaces are driving impact in six key areas. The study underlines how these makerspaces support different design activities and have different outcomes. It also considers the challenges which are preventing humanitarian makerspaces from achieving their ultimate goals, drawing attention to the need for an enabling ecosystem in both the local and humanitarian context. This research brings clarity to the poorly understood phenomenon of humanitarian makerspaces and highlights the important role of design in humanitarian interventions. It also reveals practical insights for humanitarian organizations who are considering setting up makerspaces in crisis-affected communities.
A review of the risk margin – Solvency II and beyond
Authors: Pelkiewicz A. J. , Ahmed S. W. , Fulcher P. , Johnson K. L. , Reynolds S. M. , Schneider R. J. , Scott A. J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
For life insurers in the United Kingdom (UK), the risk margin is one of the most controversial aspects of the Solvency II regime which came into force in 2016.
The risk margin is the difference between the technical provisions and the best estimate liabilities. The technical provisions are intended to be market-consistent, and so are defined as the amount required to be paid to transfer the business to another undertaking. In practice, the technical provisions cannot be directly calculated, and so the risk margin must be determined using a proxy method; the method chosen for Solvency II is known as the cost-of-capital method.
Following the implementation of Solvency II, the risk margin came under considerable criticism for being too large and too sensitive to interest rate movements. These criticisms are particularly valid for annuity business in the UK – such business is of great significance to the system for retirement provision. A further criticism is that mitigation of the impact of the risk margin has led to an increase in reinsurance of longevity risks, particularly to overseas reinsurers.
This criticism has led to political interest, and the risk margin was a major element of the Treasury Committee inquiry into EU Insurance Regulation.
The working party was set up in response to this criticism. Our brief is to consider both the overall purpose of the risk margin for life insurers and solutions to the current problems, having regard to the possibility of post-Brexit flexibility.
We have concluded that a risk margin in some form is necessary, although its size depends on the level of security desired, and so is primarily a political question.
We have reviewed possible alternatives to the current risk margin, both within the existing cost-of-capital methodology and considering a wide range of alternatives.
We believe that requirements for the risk margin will depend on future circumstances, in particular relating to Brexit, and we have identified a number of possible changes to methodology which should be considered, depending on circumstances.
Observation of 44(Nysa) Asteroid by IST60 Telescope
Authors: Canbay Remziye , Gursoy Fulin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, the main belt asteroid (44) Nysa, which is also a known member of the Nysian asteroid family, was observed by IST60 telescope. The orbital elements were compared with MPO(Minor Planet Center) and NASA Horizons Web-Interface results.
Environmental dependence of radio galaxy populations
Authors: Shabala Stanislav S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSensitive continuum surveys with next-generation interferometers will characterise large samples of radio sources at epochs during which cosmological models predict feedback from radio jets to play an important role in galaxy evolution. Dynamical models of radio sources provide a framework for deriving from observations the radio jet duty cycles and energetics, and hence the energy budget available for feedback. Environment plays a crucial role in determining observable radio source properties, and I briefly summarise recent efforts to combine galaxy formation and jet models in a self-consistent framework. Galaxy clustering estimates from deep optical and NIR observations will provide environment measures needed to interpret the observed radio populations.
Understanding mechanical feedback from HERGs and LERGs
Authors: Whittam Imogen H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe properties of ∼ 1000 high-excitation and low-excitation radio galaxies (HERGs and LERGs) selected from the Heywood et al. (2016) 1 – 2 GHz VLA survey of Stripe 82 are investigated. The HERGs in this sample are generally found in host galaxies with younger stellar populations than LERGs, consistent with other work. The HERGs tend to accrete at a faster rate than the LERGs, but there is more overlap in the accretion rates of the two classes than has been found previously. We find evidence that mechanical feedback may be significantly underestimated in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy evolution; 84 % of this sample release more than 10 % of their energy in mechanical form. Mechanical feedback is significant for many of the HERGs in this sample as well as the LERGs; nearly 50 % of the HERGs release more than 10 % of their energy in their radio jets.