bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Ankle-Brachial Index with Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Mazhar Syed Abdullah , Malik Tayyaba gul , Ali Aalia , Nadeem Hina 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To find out a relationship of diabetic retinopathy with ankle-brachial (ABI) in patients of type 2 diabetes.
Material and Methods
It was a cross-sectional observational study carried out in Arif Memorial Teaching hospital and Rashid Latif Medical College from January 2019 to June 2019. 120 patients were selected by purposive convenient sampling from outpatient department of Arif Memorial Teaching hospital. After clinical history, complete ocular examination was performed. Random blood sugar levels were measured using Glucometer. Ankle-brachial index was calculated by dividing the systolic pressure at ankle by the systolic blood pressure at arm.
Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 25. Independent sample t test and chi square tests were used to find out the significance of the results.
Results:
In this study of 120 diabetic patients, 80 (66.7%) were female and 40 (33.3%) were males. Mean Ankle Branchial Index (ABI) of Males was 0.96±0.11 and for females was 0.97±0.14.Among 120 participants of this study, 73 (60.83 %) patients had no signs of diabetic retinopathy, 35 (29.16 %) patients had NPDR and 12 (10%) patients had PDR. ABI was not associated with gender and duration of diabetes.However, there was negative and weak linear relationship between BSR and ABI (r= -0.221). This correlation was higher in diabetics of less than 5 year duration (r=-0.286) than in patients of more than 5 years duration of diabetes (r=-0.129).
Conclusion:
Our study indicates that ABI is not significantly related with diabetic retinopathy. However, there is a positive relationship of ABI with high blood sugar levels.
Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology: A bibliometric review from 2018 – 1995
Authors: Baladi Zameer Hussain , Satti Mumtaz Hussain 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To measure the growth of research published in Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology (PJO) during the year 2017 – 1995 through the bibliometric study.

Study Design: Retrospective and observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Medical Libraries, College of Applied Medical Sciences and College of Science & Health Profession, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. June 2018 to April 2019.
Material and Methods: The data for the study was retrieved from websites of e-journal of Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology (PJO) and Pak Medi Net for statistical analysis in MS Excel 2010 version.
Results: This study examined 855 articles published in 24; 35% volumes and 96; 8.9% articles per issues in Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology (PJO) from 2018 to 1995 contributed by 2816; 3.2% authors. A gender-wise comparison among the contributing authors revealed male 2378 (84.4%) higher than the female 437 (15.5%) authors. It is also revealed that 141; 16.4% of articles were written by a female as the first author during the studied period. Majority of 734; 85.8% articles were written by multi-authors instead of solo authors 121; 14.1% out of 855 articles.
Conclusion: This study finds that regularly publishing of Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology (PJO) get the confidence of researchers, institutes, and readers. This journal follows the international rules for peer-review processes. This process assures authors and help journal to maintaining a constant approach as a strategy in publishing publications
A curious case of an orbit lesion in a young girl
Authors: Alkhairy Saba 
Published: January 2020

To present a case report of a 15 year old girl presenting with a slow growing mass in the orbit with normal visual acuity. We followed the patient for a year and closely observed the increase in the size of the mass for over a year both clinically and radiologically. The mass grew gradually with no effect on her visual acuity which was 6/6 in both eyes using Snellen chart; pupillary reactions were normal with no afferent papillary defect and her extraocular movements were full. Her anterior segment and posterior segment of the eye including the optic disc and macula and the intra ocular pressure remained within normal limits. We then had to intervene surgically on request of the patient as the mass had caused significant cosmetic disfigurement .It was a combined effort by an ENT and an eye surgeon for the effective and complete removal of the lesion.We did a frontal orbitotomy under general anesthesia and the mass recovered was sent for biopsy. The biopsy report concluded the mass to be juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma.

Key words: Orbit,psammomatoid ossifying fibroma,frontal orbitotomy
E-WOM FOR ONLINE BUSSINES STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA UBP KARAWANG
Authors: Citra Savitri  
Published: January 2020

Kekuatan teknologi yang didukung oleh informasi relevan memberikan perubahan perilaku konsumen dalam menentukan pilihan. Media sosial dan pengaruh keluarga memiliki peran dalam membentuk suatu informasi seseorang terkait produk atau jasa yang telah dibelinya. Tujuan penelitian secara empiris meneliti tentang pengaruh media sosial dan Family Influence terhadap eWOM pada mahasiswa UBP Karawang yang sering melakukan pembelian secara online pada market share Shopee. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif verifikatif dengan analisis data menggunakan Path Analysis dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui angket dan wawancara dengan sampel 230 responden. Hasil dari penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa media sosial, Family Influence, eWOM memiliki kriteria baik berdasarkan rentang skala. Sedangkan analisis verifikatif menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan cukup kuat antara media sosial dengan Family Influence. Secara simultan media sosial dan Family Influence memiliki kontribusi pengaruh yang lemah. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan sumbangan bagi market share serta penelitian selanjutnya untuk meningkatkan pembelian secara online melalui media sosial dan family influence.

Kata Kunci : Media Sosial, Family Influence, eWOM.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI KERJA DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (STUDI DIVISI QUALITY CONTROL PT. ABC)
Authors: Suroso  
Published: January 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh motivasi kerja dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di Divisi Quality Control PT.ABC. Kemampuan sebuah perusahaan dalam memberikan motivasi kerja kepada karyawan menjadi salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan dan berdampak pada hasil yang dicapai. Kinerja karyawan yang baik tentunya akan berpengaruh pada hasil kerja yang baik juga. Kepuasan kerja yang didapat karyawan menjadi salah satu penentu bagi terlaksananya dengan baik setiap target kerja yang diinginkan oleh perusahaan. Oleh sebab itu, motivasi kerja dan kepuasan kerja memiliki peran penting dalam kinerja karyawan dalam upayanya untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di Divisi Quality Control PT.ABC.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode analisis kuantitatif. Pengolahan data statistik dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan angket dengan menggunakan teknik sensus sebanyak 83 orang karyawan pada divisi Quality Control.
Hasil analisis dan pembahasan didapat hasil analisis deskriptrif yaitu Motivasi kerja karyawan pada divisi quality control PT. ABC sudah tinggi dengan skor nilai 301,6. Kepuasan kerja karyawan pada divisi quality control PT. ABC sudah tinggi dengan skor nilai 316,1. Kinerja karyawan pada divisi quality control PT. ABC sudah tinggi dengan skor nilai 320,7. Sedangkan analisis verifikatif yaitu terdapat pengaruh Motivasi kerja secara signifikan terhadap Kinerja karyawan pada divisi quality control PT. ABC dengan besaran pengaruh sebesar 17,1%. Terdapat pengaruh Kepuasan kerja secara signifikan terhadap Kinerja karyawan pada divisi quality control PT. ABC dengan besaran pengaruh sebesar 23,3%. Terdapat pengaruh signifikan Motivasi kerja dan Kepuasan kerja secara simultan terhadap kinerja karyawan pada divisi quality control PT.ABC dengan besaran pengaruh sebesar 28%.

KATA KUNCI: Motivasi kerja, kepuasan kerja, kinerja karyawan.
Kesejahteraan Petani Garam di Kabupaten Sumenep Madura (Analisis Dengan Pendekatan Maqāṣid Al-Sharī'ah)
Authors: Setiawan Firman 
Published: January 2020

As a country surrounded by oceans, Indonesia has huge potential in salt production, and Sumenep district is one of the districts with the largest salt production in Indonesia. However, the potential and large production results are not in accordance with the economic conditions of salt farmers. This is due to several things, one of which is because the selling price of salt is not in accordance with the HPP (Harga Pembelian Pemerintah) as well as guidance and assistance to increase the productivity of salt farmers who are lacking. This problem will have an impact on the welfare of salt farmers.
This study aims to determine how the level of welfare of salt farmers in Sumenep district in the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah.
This research was examined with descriptive qualitative methods. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews with salt farmers in Sumenep district, then analyzed using the maqāṣid al-sharī'ah approach. Thus, the level of welfare of salt farmers is measured in five aspects of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah; hifz al-din (guarding religion), hifz al-nafs (guarding life), hifz al-'aql (guarding thoughts), hifz al-nasl (guarding nasab) , and hifz al-mal (protect wealth).
The results of this study are the welfare of salt farmers from the aspects of hifz al-din and hifz al-naslhave been achieved (prosperous), but from the aspects of hifz al-nafs, hifz al- 'aql, and hifz} al-mal has not been reached (not prosperous).
Keywords: Welfare, maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, salt farmers.
Аналіз проблем вибору технології для розробки програмного забезпечення.
Authors: Асєєва A. , Кулаковська I. 
Published: January 2020

У розробників є досить широкий вибір технологій для реалізації розробки програмного забезпечення інформаційних систем, з часом зростає і складність таких проектів. Проведено аналіз найвідоміших методологій Agile і Waterfall, щоб визначити, яка є найбільш підходящою для різних програмних проектів, обрано критерії оцінювання. Проведено практичне дослідження шляхом опитування експертів, аналізу результатів та розробленої моделі з метою врахування досвіду розробників за вищезгаданими методологіями. В статті проаналізовані існуючі технології розробки програмного забезпечення, обрано математичну модель для створення системи підтримки прийняття рішень, досліджено питання вибору в умовах багатокритеріальності. Методом для вирішення поставленої задачі став метод Парето-оптимальності та метод звуження множини Парето на основі інформації про відносну важливість критеріїв. Методом дослідження є комп`ютерна програма для моделювання СППР. Практичне значення системи полягає у використанні її у разі прийняття рішення вибору технології розробки ПЗ ІС на основі методу Парето-оптимальності.
Analytic Marginalization of Absorption Line Continua
Authors: Tchernyshyov Kirill 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Absorption line spectroscopy is a powerful way of measuring properties of stars and the interstellar medium. Absorption spectra are often analyzed manually, an approach that limits reproducibility and which cannot practically be applied to modern data sets consisting of thousands or even millions of spectra. Simultaneous probabilistic modeling of absorption features and continuum shape is a promising approach for automating this analysis. Existing implementations of this approach use numerical methods such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo to marginalize over the continuum parameters. When continua are parameterized as linear functions such as polynomials or splines, it is possible to reduce continuum parameter marginalization to an integral over a multivariate normal distribution, which has a known closed form. Analytic marginalization makes it possible to combine optimization for absorption line parameters with marginalization of nuisance continuum parameters. We compare the accuracy to within which absorption line parameters can be recovered using different continuum placement methods and find that marginalization with an informative prior on continuum parameters is a clear improvement over other continuum placement methods over a broad range of signal-to-noise ratios. We implement analytic marginalization over linear continuum parameters in the open-source package amlc.
Cosmicflows-3: Two Distance–Velocity Calculators
Authors: Kourkchi Ehsan , Courtois Hélène M. , Graziani Romain , Hoffman Yehuda , Pomarède Daniel , Shaya Edward J. , Tully R. Brent 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Tools are provided at the Extragalactic Distance Database website which provide relationships between the distances and velocities of galaxies based on smoothed versions of the velocity fields derived by the Cosmicflows program.
The Dearth of Differences between Central and Satellite Galaxies. III. Environmental Dependencies of Mass–Size and Mass–Structure Relations
Authors: Wang Enci , Wang Huiyuan , Mo Houjun , van den Bosch Frank C. , Yang Xiaohu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
As demonstrated in Paper I, the quenching properties of central and satellite galaxies are quite similar as long as both stellar mass and halo mass are controlled. Here, we extend the analysis to the size and bulge-to-total light ratio (B/T) of galaxies. In general, central galaxies have size–stellar mass and B/T–stellar mass relations different from satellites. However, the differences are eliminated when halo mass is controlled. We also study the dependence of size and B/T on halo-centric distance and find a transitional stellar mass (

) at given halo mass (M

h
), which is about one-fifth of the mass of the central galaxies in halos of mass M

h
. The transitional stellar masses for size, B/T and quenched fraction are similar over the whole halo mass range, suggesting a connection between the quenching of star formation and the structural evolution of galaxies. Our analysis further suggests that the classification based on the transitional stellar mass is more fundamental than the central–satellite dichotomy, and provides a more reliable way to understand the environmental effects on galaxy properties. We compare the observational results with the hydrodynamical simulation, EAGLE, and the semianalytic model, L-GALAXIES. The EAGLE simulation successfully reproduces the similarities of size for centrals, satellites, and even

, while L-GALAXIES fails to recover the observational results.
Combined Vitrectomy and Anti-VEGF Treatment for Stage 4 Retinopathy of Prematurity With Extensive Neovascular Proliferation
Authors: Chandra Parijat , Kumawat Devesh , Agarwal Divya , Chawla Rohan 
Published: January 2020

Purpose:
To study the role of combined vitrectomy and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection for stage 4 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with extensive neovascular proliferation.

Methods:
In a retrospective interventional study at a tertiary eye care center, 15 eyes (9 infants) with advanced stage 4 ROP underwent 25-gauge vitrectomy combined with intravitreal 0.625 mg of bevacizumab (n = 12) or 0.25 mg of ranibizumab (n = 3) injection and were followed up until 65 weeks' postconceptional age (PCA). The perinatal history, tractional retinal detachment (TRD) characteristics (zone, stage, and presence of “plus” disease), treatment details, and anatomical outcomes were reviewed. The main outcome measures were fibrovascular tissue and TRD regression and final macular status.

Results:
Mean gestational age and birth weight were 28.5 ± 1.2 weeks and 1,167 ± 185 g, respectively. Thirteen eyes had zone I disease and 2 eyes had zone II disease. Thirteen eyes were stage 4A and 2 eyes were stage 4B ROP. The morphology was aggressive posterior ROP in 10 eyes. The mean PCA at surgery was 37.8 ± 2.3 weeks. Lensectomy was also performed in 2 eyes. Rapid fibrovascular tissue regression was seen in 14 eyes within 2 weeks, followed by TRD regression and macular vascularization, although 2 eyes had macular pucker formation. Persistent vitreous bleeding was present in 1 eye, which needed lavage, and eventually the TRD regressed. Disease reactivation was noted in 1 eye at 5 weeks and was managed with repeat intravitreal anti-VEGF injection.

Conclusions:
Anti-VEGF treatment combined with vitrectomy leads to rapid disease regression in advanced stage 4 ROP with extensive neovascular proliferation.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57(1):61–66.]
An Anthropology of Marxism
Authors: Robinson Cedric J. , Gordon Avery F. , Quan H. L. T. 
Published: January 2020

An Anthropology of Marxism offers Cedric Robinson’s analysis of the history of communalism that has been claimed by Marx and Marxists. Suggesting that the socialist ideal was embedded both in Western and non-Western civilizations and cultures long before the opening of the modern era and did not begin with or depend on the existence of capitalism, Robinson interrogates the social, cultural, institutional, and historical materials that were the seedbeds for communal modes of living and reimagining society. Ultimately, it pushes back against Marx’s vision of a better society as rooted in a Eurocentric society, and cut off from its own precursors. Accompanied by a new foreword by H.L.T. Quan and a preface by Avery Gordon, this invaluable text reimagines the communal ideal from a broader perspective that transcends modernity, industrialization, and capitalism.
Ice supersaturated regions: properties and validation of ERA-Interim reanalysis with IAGOS in situ water vapour measurements
Authors: Reutter Philipp , Neis Patrick , Rohs Susanne , Sauvage Bastien 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Cirrus clouds and their potential formation regions, so-called ice supersaturated regions (ISSRs), with values of relative humidity with respect to ice exceeding 100 %, occur frequently in the tropopause region.
It is assumed that ISSRs and cirrus clouds can change the tropopause structure by diabatic processes, driven by latent heating due to phase transition and interaction with radiation.
For many research questions, a three-dimensional picture including a sufficient temporal resolution of the water vapour fields in the tropopause region is required.
This requirement is fulfilled nowadays by reanalysis products such as the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim reanalysis.
However, for a meaningful investigation of water vapour in the tropopause region, a comparison of the reanalysis data with measurement is advisable, since it is difficult to measure water vapour and to assimilate meaningful measurements into reanalysis products.
Here, we present an intercomparison of high-resolution in situ measurements aboard passenger aircraft within the European Research Infrastructure IAGOS (In-service Aircraft for a Global Observing System; http://www.iagos.org, last access: 15 January 2020) with ERA-Interim.
Temperature and humidity data over the North Atlantic from 2000 to 2009 are compared relative to the dynamical tropopause.
The comparison of the temperature shows good agreement between the measurement and ERA-Interim. While ERA-Interim also shows the main features of the water vapour measurements of IAGOS, the variability of the data is clearly smaller in the reanalysis data set.
The combination of temperature and water vapour leads to the relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi).
Here, ERA-Interim deviates from the measurements concerning values larger than RHi=100 %, both in number and strength of supersaturation.
Also, pathlengths of ISSRs along flight tracks are investigated, representing macrophysical properties as linked to atmospheric flows.
The comparison of ISSR pathlengths shows distinct differences, which can be traced back to the spatial resolution of both data sets.
Also, the seasonal cycle and height dependence of pathlengths changes for the different data sets due to their spatial resolution.
IAGOS shows a significantly greater amount of smaller ISSRs compared to ERA-Interim.
Good agreement begins only at pathlengths on the order of the ERA-Interim spatial resolution and larger.
Significant contribution of organics to aerosol liquid water content in winter in Beijing, China
Authors: Jin Xiaoai , Wang Yuying , Li Zhanqing , Zhang Fang , Xu Weiqi , Sun Yele , Fan Xinxin , Chen Guangyu , Wu Hao , Ren Jingye , Wang Qiuyan , Cribb Maureen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The aerosol liquid water (ALW) content (ALWC), an important component of atmospheric particles, has a significant effect on atmospheric optical
properties, visibility and multiphase chemical reactions. In this study,
ALWC is determined from aerosol hygroscopic growth factor (GF) and particle
number size distribution (PNSD) measurements and is also simulated by ISORROPIA II, a thermodynamic equilibrium model, with measured aerosol chemical composition
data taken at an urban site in Beijing from 8 November to 15 December 2017. Rich
measurements made during the experiment concerning virtually all aerosol
properties allow us not only to derive the ALWC but also to study the
contributions by various species for which little has been done in this
region. The simulated ALWC including the contribution of organics and the
calculated ALWC are highly correlated (coefficient of determination
R2=0.92). The ALWC contributed by organics (ALWCOrg) accounts for 30 %±22 % of the total ALWC during the sampling period. These results suggest a significant contribution of organics to ALWC, which is rather different from previous studies that showed negligible
contributions by organics. Our results also show that ALWC correlates well
with the mass concentrations of sulfate, nitrate, and secondary organic
aerosols (SOAs) (R2=0.66, 0.56 and 0.60, respectively). We further
noted that accumulation mode particles play a key role in determining ALWC,
dominating among all the aerosol modes. ALWC is an exponential function of
ambient relative humidity (RH), whose strong diurnal variation influence the
diurnal variation of ALWC. However, there is a 3 h lag between the
extremes of ALWC and RH values, due to the diurnal variations in PNSD and
aerosol chemical composition. Finally, a case study reveals that
ALWCOrg plays an important role in the formation of secondary aerosols through multiphase reactions at the initial stage of a heavy-haze episode.