bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ag- or Cu-modified geopolymer filters for water treatment manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation
Authors: Luukkonen Tero , Yliniemi Juho , Sreenivasan Harisankar , Ohenoja Katja , Finnilä Mikko , Franchin Giorgia , Colombo Paolo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, we compared the main characteristics of highly porous geopolymer components for water treatment applications manufactured by 3D printing, direct foaming, or granulation. Furthermore, different approaches to impregnate the materials with Ag or Cu were evaluated to obtain filters with disinfecting or catalytic properties. The results revealed that all of the investigated manufacturing methods enabled the fabrication of components that possessed mesoporosity, suitable mechanical strength, and water permeability, even though their morphologies were completely different. Total porosity and compressive strength values were 28 vol% and 16 MPa for 3D-printed, 70–79 vol% and 1 MPa for direct-foamed, and 27 vol% and 10 MPa for granule samples. Both the filter preparation and the metal impregnation method affected the amount, oxidation state, and stability of Ag and Cu in the filters. However, it was possible to prepare filters with low metal leaching between a pH of 3–7, so that the released Ag and Cu concentrations were within drinking water standards.
Comparison of surgical outcomes of slanted procedure for exotropia with convergence insufficiency according to their response to preoperative monocular occlusion
Authors: Chun Bo Young , Oh Jun Ho , Choi Hyung Jun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe aim of this prospective study was to compare surgical outcomes of slanted bilateral lateral rectus (LR) recession for intermittent exotropia (IXT) with convergence insufficiency (CI) according to their response to preoperative monocular occlusion. This prospective study included 55 children who underwent slanted bilateral LR recession for IXT with CI. Patients were divided into two groups according to their response to preoperative monocular occlusion for 2 hours. The True CI group was defined as having near-distance differences of ≥10 PD before and after occlusion; the Masked CI group as having near-distance differences of <10 PD and ≥10 PD prior to and after occlusion. Slanted procedure reduced distance and near exodeviations from 32.1 PD and 43.0 PD to 3.5 PD and 4.4 PD, and collapsed near-distance differences from 10.9 PD to 1.0 PD at 3 years postoperatively. Cumulative probabilities of surgical success were 76%, and the mean recurrence was 50 months at 3 years postoperatively; the True CI and Masked CI groups showed cumulative success rates of 89% and 55%, respectively (p = 0.0052). Patients in the True CI group demonstrated surgical outcomes superior to those demonstrated by patients in the Masked CI group after slanted bilateral LR recession.
Diverse HCV Strains And HIV URFS Identified Amongst People Who Inject Drugs In India
Authors: Rodgers Mary A. , Gomathi Selvamurthi , Vallari Ana , Saravanan Shanmugam , Lucas Gregory M. , Mehta Shruti , Solomon Sunil S. , Cloherty Gavin A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlthough the prevalences of HIV and HCV are significantly higher amongst PWID in India compared to the general population, the strains circulating within this group have not been well-characterized. Through subgenomic sequencing of viruses present in residual plasma from an HIV/HCV prevalence study conducted amongst PWID across five cities in India in 2016–2017, a total of N = 498 HCV and N = 755 HIV strains were classified from N = 975 study participants. Considerable HCV diversity was identified, with different strains predominating in each region of the country. Overall, the most common strain was genotype 3a (39.0%), with genotypes 1a (26.9%), 1b (3.0%), 1c (0.2%), 3b (20.7%), 3i (2.0%), 4a (0.2%), 4d (1.0%), 6 (1.8%), 6n (4.8%), 6 v (0.2%) and one unclassifiable recombinant specimen (0.2%) also identified. The majority of the HIV specimens were subtype C (96.7%), although subtype A (0.4%), CRF01_AE (0.4%) and unique recombinant forms (URFs, 2.5%) were also detected. Notably, the geographical restriction of HIV subtype A and CRF01_AE, and HCV genotypes 4 and 6 to specific sites suggests distinct novel introductions of HIV and HCV into PWID populations, potentially via drug trafficking routes from neighboring countries where these strains are common.
Hyperreflective Walls in Foveal Cystoid Spaces as a Biomarker of Diabetic Macular Edema Refractory to Anti-VEGF Treatment
Authors: Terada Noriko , Murakami Tomoaki , Uji Akihito , Dodo Yoko , Mori Yuki , Tsujikawa Akitaka 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDiabetic macular edema (DME) refractory to anti-VEGF drugs is a socioeconomic burden. In this retrospective study, we investigated the relationship between DME remission and hyperreflective walls in foveal cystoid spaces, a novel finding on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images in DME. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed the relationship between hyperreflective walls in foveal cystoid spaces and other OCT findings in 110 eyes of 110 DME patients. Hyperreflective walls were delineated in 27 of 171 foveal cystoid spaces. Eyes with hyperreflective walls in foveal cystoid spaces had poorer visual acuity and more severe photoreceptor disruption than did those without such findings (P = 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively). In the other longitudinal study, we evaluated the relationship between this finding and the remission in 54 eyes of 51 DME patients treated with as-needed ranibizumab injections for 24 months. Foveal cystoid spaces with hyperreflective walls were often persistent, and the cumulative rates of DME remission among eyes with and without the hyperreflective walls were 7.7% (1 eye) and 48.8% (20 eyes) at 18 months (hazard ratio, 0.092; P = 0.025). We characterized hyperreflective walls in foveal cystoid spaces and designated them as a predictor of no DME remission under ranibizumab injections.
IL-38 restrains inflammatory response of collagen-induced arthritis in rats via SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling pathway
Authors: Pei Bing , Chen Keyan , Zhou Shenglai , Min Dongyu , Xiao Weiguo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: To observe the restraining effect of IL-38 on inflammatory response in collagen-induced arthritis rats (CIA), and to explore the regulatory mechanism of SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling pathway.
Methods: 40 SD rats were randomly divided into Control group, CIA group, CLL group and CLH group, with 10 rats in each group; CIA rat model was established. The effects of IL-38 on arthritis index, inflammatory response, osteogenic factor and angiogenic factor were observed by methods including HE staining, ELISA, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence. Human synoviocytes were cultured in vitro, and SIRT1 inhibitors were added to detect the expression for relating factors of SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling pathway by Western blot.
Results: IL-38 could alleviate CIA joint damage and restrain inflammatory response, could up-regulate the expression of OPG in CIA rats and could down-regulate the expression of RANKL and RANK. IL-38 could restrain the expression of VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and HIF. Moreover, we found that IL-38 could up-regulate the SIRT1 expression and down-regulate the HIF-1α, TLR4 and NF-KB p65 expression in CLL and CLH groups. From the treatment of synoviocytes to simulate the CIA model and the treatment of SIRT1 inhibitors, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of IL-38 on inflammatory factors and regulation of SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling pathway-related proteins were inhibited.
Conclusion: IL-38 can restrain the inflammatory response of CIA rats, can promote the expression of osteogenic factors, can inhibit neovascularization, and can alleviate joint damage in rats. The mechanism may be related to the regulation of SIRT1/HIF-1α signaling pathway.
The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey
Authors: Di Mascolo Luca , Mroczkowski Tony , Churazov Eugene , Moravec Emily , Brodwin Mark , Gonzalez Anthony , Decker Bandon B. , Eisenhardt Peter R. M. , Stanford Spencer A. , Stern Daniel , Sunyaev Rashid , Wylezalek Dominika 
Published: April 2020

Context. The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS) provides a catalog of high-redshift (0.7 ≲ z ≲ 1.5) infrared-selected galaxy clusters. However, the verification of the ionized intracluster medium, indicative of a collapsed and nearly virialized system, is made challenging by the high redshifts of the sample members.
Aims. The main goal of this work is to test the capabilities of the Atacama Compact Array (ACA; also known as the Morita Array) Band 3 observations, centered at about 97.5 GHz, to provide robust validation of cluster detections via the thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich (SZ) effect.
Methods. Using a pilot sample that comprises ten MaDCoWS galaxy clusters, accessible to ACA and representative of the median sample richness, we infer the masses of the selected galaxy clusters and respective detection significance by means of a Bayesian analysis of the interferometric data.
Results. Our test of the Verification with the ACA – Localization and Cluster Analysis (VACA LoCA) program demonstrates that the ACA can robustly confirm the presence of the virialized intracluster medium in galaxy clusters previously identified in full-sky surveys. In particular, we obtain a significant detection of the SZ effect for seven out of the ten VACA LoCA clusters. We note that this result is independent of the assumed pressure profile. However, the limited angular dynamic range of the ACA in Band 3 alone, short observational integration times, and possible contamination from unresolved sources limit the detailed characterization of the cluster properties and the inference of the cluster masses within scales appropriate for the robust calibration of mass–richness scaling relations.
Infarktbedingter kardiogener Schock
Authors: Obradovic Danilo , Freund Anne , Desch Steffen , Thiele Holger 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction, cardiogenic shock remains the most common cause of death. Multidisciplinary care in a specialized center and guideline-compliant treatment of cardiogenic shock are crucial for the survival and prognosis of affected patients. Hemodynamic monitoring and stabilization by volume expansion, vasopressors and inotropes represent initial steps in the management of patients with cardiogenic shock. Nevertheless, early revascularization of the culprit-lesion is proved to be the most important treatment modality. Although the use of active mechanical circulatory support appears to be a promising therapeutic concept to improve clinical outcome in patients with infarct-related cardiogenic shock, in the few previous randomized trials mechanical circulatory support failed to show beneficial effects on short-term and long-term survival.
Lesões do Aquiles – Parte 1: Tendinopatias
Authors: Mansur Nacime Salomão Barbachan , Fonseca Lucas Furtado , Matsunaga Fábio Teruo , Baumfeld Daniel Soares , Nery Caio Augusto de Souza , Tamaoki Marcel Jun Sugawara 
Published: April 2020

ResumoAs afecções que acometem o tendão calcâneo são extremamente comuns na população geral e no cotidiano da atenção ortopédica. Sua crescente incidência, motivada pelo envelhecimento da população, pela melhora no acesso à saúde, pelo aumento na utilização de drogas de uso contínuo, pela errática participação esportiva e outros fatores, tem causado impacto direto na sociedade. As tendinopatias, ainda que hoje respaldadas por tratamentos consolidados, carecem de suporte científico de qualidade para muitas das suas recomendações. Novas terapêuticas têm surgido com o objetivo de potencializar o resultado da abordagem não-operatória e diminuir a quantidade de pacientes que necessitam de uma cirurgia. Esses procedimentos operatórios apresentam uma boa resposta álgica e funcional dos pacientes, no entanto não são livres de complicações e dos altos custos que os cercam.
IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF BAUHINIA RACEMOSA
Authors: Bhaskar Bhagya , Avadhani Ramakrishna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn vitro free radical scavenging activity of aqueous and ethanolic bark extracts of Bauhinia racemosa was assessed by studying its ability to scavenge DPPH, Nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical and reducing power. Both the extracts showed effective free radical scavenging activity. Ethanolic extract was comparatively more potential than aqueous extract. The results support its traditional use in various ailments and as a source of natural antioxidants which protect cells against oxidative stress.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DENTAL ARCH DIMENSIONS & INCISAL ABNORMALITIES TO THE MISARTICULATION OF CONSONANTS IN CHILDREN WITH ORAL CLEFTS
Authors: Shetty Amarshree , Rai Kavita , Hegde Amitha M. , Dattatreya T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between the dental arch dimensions and the incisal abnormalities or anomalies, to the consonant mis-articulations in children with unilateral cleft palate with the involvement of lip, before and after surgical correction.50 Non-syndromic children with unilateral cleft palate belonging to various experimental groups and 25 non-cleft children (control group) between the age group of 7-9 years were selected for the study. Dental arch dimensions were measured on the dental casts & the selected consonants were evaluated from all the four groups, by 3 qualified speech pathologists and then statistically analyzed. Reduction in the dental arch dimensions was observed in children with untreated cleft palate which further decreased after surgery. The correct production of all the selected consonants /ta/, /da/, /tha/, /dha/, /na/, /na/, /la/, /sa/ and /sha/ which was observed to be 15% in the untreated CP group, improved upto 52.4% after surgical correction in spite of the reduction in the dental arch dimensions. Speech analysis showed a high percentage of distorted sounds were maximum in untreated CP patients which decreased in surgically treated CP patients. Substituted sounds which was found to be absent in untreated cleft palate patients was observed in children who had undergone surgical correction of the palate Conclusion: the reduced arch dimensions and incisal abnormalities may be contributing factors which do not allow 100% normal speech in children with oral clefts.
NANOTECHNOLOGY : THE NEW ERA OF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Kaira Laxman Singh , Singh Richa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNanotechnology is a natural end result of scientific development and our ability to understand and manipulate matter at smaller and smaller level. Current research is directed towards the production of wide array of different nano-scale structures. The fabrication techniques of the structures can be divided into 2 approaches: “top-down” and “bottom-up.” New potential treatment opportunities in dentistry may include, local anesthesia, dentition re-naturalization, and permanent hypersensitivity cure, complete orthodontic realignments during single office visit, covalently bonded diamondised enamel, and continuous oral health maintenance using mechanical dentifrobots. Nanotechnology is foreseen to change health care in a fundamental way by providing novel methods for disease diagnosis and prevention, therapeutics selection, tailored to the patients profile, drug delivery and gene therapy.
TRADITIONAL SEASONAL HEALTH FOOD PRACTICES IN SOUTHWEST INDIA: NUTRITIONAL AND MEDICINAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: B. Bhagya , A. Ramakrishna , R. Sridhar K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe unique traditional practices of people belonging to Dakshina Kannada of Karnataka (Southwest India) utilize a variety of plant species for nutritional and medicinal purposes. This indigenous traditional knowledge (folklore/plantlore of food and medicine) is usually associated with rituals like 'Aati Amavasye'. Several plant species are used in a specific season as nutritional and or medicinal source. In changing time, such unique practices are disappearing and restricted largely to remote rural areas. Attention to identify the nutritional novelties, medicinal uniqueness, mode of formulations, and effectiveness of plant species need further exploration.
Drainage Performance of a Novel Catheter Designed to Reduce Drainage Catheter Failure
Authors: Bishawi Muath , Feiger Bradley , Kurupassery Neel , Economopoulos Konstantinos , Suhocki Paul , Pappas Theodore , Truskey George , Randles Amanda 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective Efficient flow of fluids through drainage/infusion catheters is affected by surrounding tissue, organ compression, and scar tissue development, limiting or completely obstructing flow through drainage holes. In this work, we introduce a novel three-dimensional (3D) drainage catheter with protected side holes to reduce flow blockages. We then compare its drainage performance to standard straight and pigtail catheters using computer-generated catheter designs and flow analysis software.
Methods Drainage performance was computed as flow rate through the catheter for a given pressure differential. Each catheter contained drainage holes on the distal (insertion) end and a single outlet (hub) hole open to atmosphere. Computational fluid dynamics using ANSYS AIM 18.2 was used to simulate flow through the catheter and examine drainage performance based on variations to the following parameters: (1) side hole shape, (2) cross-sectional area of the catheters, (3) number of side holes, and (4) cross-sectional area of the side holes.
Results Drainage through the newly introduced catheter in all simulations was nearly identical to standard pigtail and straight catheters. While working to optimize the 3D catheter design, we found that the changes in side hole shape and side hole cross-sectional area had little effect on the total flow rate through the catheters but had a large impact on flow rate through the side hole nearest to the hub (proximal hole). Additionally, the majority of flow in all catheters occurred at the most proximal 1 to 3 side holes closest to hub, with relatively little flow occurring at side holes more distally located (closest to insertion end). The 3D catheter demonstrated no changes in flow characteristics when the coiled segment was occluded, giving it an advantage over other catheter types when the catheter is compressed by surrounding tissue or other external obstruction.
Conclusions The majority of fluid flow in catheters with a diameter of 4.67 mm (14 Fr) or smaller occurred at the most proximal 1 to 3 side holes. A novel 3D coiled catheter design can protect these proximal holes from external blockage while maintaining drainage performance compared with standard straight and pigtail catheters.
Rare Pancreatic Tumors
Authors: Choudhari Amitkumar , Kembhavi Pooja , Ramadwar Mukta , Katdare Aparna , Smriti Vasundhara , Baheti Akshay D. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor, and cystic pancreatic neoplasms are the common pancreatic tumors most radiologists are familiar with. In this article we review the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and radiology of rare pancreatic neoplasms. While the imaging features are usually nonspecific and diagnosis is based on pathology, the radiology along with patient demographics, history, and laboratory parameters can often help indicate the diagnosis of an uncommon pancreatic neoplasm and guide appropriate management in these cases.
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric and Adolescent Obesity Enrolled in a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Del Ciampo Luiz Antonio , Marciano Willian Coelho , Del Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes , Bettiol Heloisa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective To describe some demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of obese children and adolescents admitted in an obesity ambulatory of a referral center located in the southeastern region of Brazil.
Methods This is a cross-sectional and observational study and the data (age, gender, type of delivery, birthweight, age of birth, breastfeeding, laboratory tests and maternal body mass index [BMI]) were collected from medical records.
Results The study included 89 patients, of which 45 (50.6%) were male. The mean age was 68.9 months, 50 (55.6%) were first-born, 51 (57.3%) were exclusively breastfed during the 1st 6 months of life, and 18 (20.1%) did not receive breast milk. The mean age of the mothers was 29 years old, 87 (98%) did prenatal assistance, and 69 (77.6%) had a BMI > 25 kg/m2. The results also showed that cesarean delivery (42.6%), low birthweight (6.7%), prematurity (8.7%) and early introduction of artificial food (20.1%) was not predominant among the patients. A total of 25 (28%) subjects had total cholesterol > 170 mg/dL, 35 (39.3%) with LDL-cholesterol > 110 mg/dL, 34 (38.2%) had HDL-cholesterol < 40 mg/dL, and 6 (6.7%) with triglycerides > 130 mg/dL. All of the patients had at least one altered biochemical test.
Conclusion Healthy lifestyle promotion should be included in every pediatric primary care program, and all children should receive counseling about healthy nutrition and physical activity since birth. Reducing childhood obesity is a major public health priority and primary prevention programs are a critical part to address the problem.
Comparison of Reliability of Norberg Angle and Distraction Index as Measurements for Hip Laxity in Dogs
Authors: Klever Julius , Brühschwein Andreas , Wagner Silvia , Reese Sven , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective The main purpose of the study was to compare reliability of measurements for the evaluation of hip joint laxity in 59 dogs.Materials and Methods Measurement of the distraction index (DI) of the PennHIP method and the Norberg angle (NA) of the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) scoring scheme as well as scoring according to the FCI scheme and the Swiss scoring scheme were performed by three observers at different level of experience. For each dog, two radiographs were acquired with each method by the same operator to evaluate intraoperator-reliability.Results Intraoperator-reliability was slightly better for the NA compared with the DI with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.962 and 0.892 respectively. The ICC showed excellent results in intraobserver-reliability and interobserver-reliability for both the NA (ICC 0.975; 0.969) and the DI (ICC 0.986; 0.972). Thus, the NA as well as the DI can be considered as reliable measurements. The FCI scheme and the Swiss scoring scheme provide similar reliability. While the FCI scheme seems to be slightly more reliable in experienced observers (Kappa FCI 0.687; Kappa Swiss 0.681), the Swiss scoring scheme had a noticeable better reliability for the unexperienced observer (Kappa FCI 0.465; Kappa Swiss 0.514).Clinical Significance The Swiss scoring scheme provides a structured guideline for the interpretation of hip radiographs and can thus be recommended to unexperienced observers.
Hypoxemia without Respiratory Distress: Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia in a Child
Authors: McCann Michael D. , Newlon Claire , Krawiec Conrad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an underrecognized genetic disorder of vascular development in pediatric patients. Its presentation can range from mild cutaneous findings to life-threatening hemorrhage from arteriovenous malformations. Clinical diagnosis can be challenging in the pediatric population as disease manifestations evolve over time and may be difficult to identify in younger patients. This case highlights how nonspecific symptoms and signs in the preanesthesia period can be misleading, potentially placing a patient with unrecognized HHT at risk for significant morbidity and mortality.