bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing new climate indices for identifying wet/dry spells within an Madden‐Julian Oscillation phase
Authors: Nazemosadat Mohammad Jafar , Shahgholian Kokab , Ghaedamini Habiballah , Nazemosadat Elham 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDaily values of precipitation in southwestern parts of Iran along with the corresponding Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) phase are analysed to introduce some auxiliary indicators that can identify the wet and dry spells within a particular MJO phase. As a case study, the identification procedure focuses on phase 1 during the rainy season (Nov–Apr). The study shows that this phase contains two opposite spells, referred to as spells with pervasive precipitation (SWPP) and spells with widespread dryness (SWWD). Although the precipitation characteristics are essentially different between SWPP and SWWD, their associated MJO indices are found statistically identical. Therefore, the MJO–precipitation relationship fails to identify the wet/dry spells within an MJO phase. To resolve this deficiency, other climate indicators, which behave differently between these two spells, are introduced. The westward moisture flux over equatorial parts of the Indian Ocean and the northeastward moisture flux over the North African tropics are up to seven times stronger in the SWPP compared to SWWD. The dominance of a strong cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation over the eastern side of the Mediterranean Sea and the negative (positive) west–east temperature gradient over southern parts of Iran are introduced as SWPP (SWWD) indicators. The study reveals that the SWPP (SWWD) coincides with a strong (weak) convection dipole that resembles the positive Indian Ocean dipole. The intensified (weakened) wind speed in the subtropical jet stream and persistence of the jet‐exit‐regions above Iran (Egypt and Saudi Arabia) are other SWPP (SWWD) indicators. Negative (positive) anomalies of sea surface temperature over the North Atlantic Ocean, the Black, Mediterranean, and Caspian Seas, as well as the Persian Gulf, signify the prevalence of the SWPP (SWWD). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that auxiliary indices are utilized to improve the MJO–precipitation relationship in southwestern Iran.
Early pregnancy levels of gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinases‐8 and ‐9 are associated with the severity of periodontitis and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chaparro Alejandra , Realini Ornella , Hernández Marcela , Albers Daniela , Weber Laura , Ramírez Valeria , Param Fernanda , Kusanovic Juan Pedro , Sorsa Timo , Rice Gregory Edward , Illanes Sebastián E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide and women with a history of GDM are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes which is a risk factor for periodontitis. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐8 and ‐9 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during early pregnancy with the periodontal diagnosis and the risk of GDM development.MethodsA prospective cohort study, including 314 women, enrolled at 11 to 14 weeks of pregnancy was conducted. A complete maternal/obstetric and periodontal exam was performed, and GCF samples were obtained for the MMP‐8 and ‐9 determination by Multiplex Elisa Assays. Mann‐Whitney test; Spearman's correlation and log‐binomial regression model estimated the association between MMPs concentration in GCF and GDM.ResultsFourteen percent of the pregnancies were diagnosed with GDM. An increase in the concentration of MMP‐8 and ‐9 in women with periodontitis stage III and IV compared to periodontitis stage I was observed (99.31 ng/mL [IQR: 85.32] versus 71.95 ng/mL [IQR: 54.04], and 262.4 ng/mL [IQR: 312.55] versus 114.1 ng/mL [IQR: 184.94], respectively). Women who developed GDM showed increased concentrations of MMP‐8 and ‐9 in GCF since the beginning of pregnancy (P = 0.0381; P = 0.0302, respectively). MMP‐8 concentration in GCF was associated with GDM (RR: 1.19; P = 0.045; CI 95% 1.00 to 1.40; and RR: 1.20; P = 0.063; CI 95% 0.99 to 1.45 in the adjusted model).Conclusion(s)GCF concentrations of MMP‐8 and ‐9 at early of pregnancy are increased in women with severe periodontitis and associated with the GDM development.
Towards a more sustainable viticulture: foliar application of N‐doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles on Tempranillo grapes
Authors: Pérez‐Álvarez Eva P , Ramírez‐Rodríguez Gloria B , Carmona Francisco J , Martínez‐Vidaurre José M , Masciocchi Norberto , Guagliardi Antonella , Garde‐Cerdán Teresa , Delgado‐López José M 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe use of nanomaterials for the efficient delivery of active species in viticulture is still an unexplored opportunity. Nitrogen, an essential nutrient for grapevine development and wine quality, is commonly provided in the form of urea. However, the application of conventional fertilisers contributes to nitrate leaching and denitrification, thus polluting groundwater and causing a serious environmental impact. Nanotechnology is offering smart solutions towards more sustainable and efficient agriculture. In the present work, we assessed the efficiency of nontoxic amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) nanoparticles as nanocarriers of urea (U‐ACP) through field experiments on Tempranillo grapevines. Four treatments were foliarly applied: U‐ACP nanofertiliser (0.4 kg N ha–1), commercial urea solutions at 3 and 6 kg N ha–1 (U3 and U6) and a control treatment (water).RESULTSThe grapes harvested from plants treated with U‐ACP and U6 provided similar levels of yeast assimilable nitrogen, despite the very large reduction of nitrogen dosage. The concentration of amino acids was greater in U‐ACP‐treated plants than those of the control and U3 treatments and, barring a few exceptions, the values were comparable with those observed in grapes obtained following U6 treatment. Nanofertilisers provided a high arginine concentration in the musts but low proline concentrations in comparison to the U6 treatment.CONCLUSIONSThe results of this work show the potential benefits of nanotechnology over conventional practices for nitrogen fertilisation. Significantly, the application of U‐ACP allowed a considerable reduction of nitrogen dosage to maintain the quality of the harvest, thereby mitigating the environmental impact. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Prognostic value of tumor deposits in rectal cancer: A monocentric series of 505 patients
Authors: Benoit Olivier , Svrcek Magali , Creavin Ben , Bouquot Morgane , Challine Alexandre , Chafai Najim , Debove Clotilde , Voron Thibault , Parc Yann , Lefevre Jeremie H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIt has been suggested that tumor deposits (TDs) may have a worse prognosis in rectal cancer compared with colonic cancer. The aim of this study was to assess TDs prognosis in rectal cancer.MethodsPatients who underwent total mesorectum excision for rectal adenocarcinoma (2011‐2016) were included. A case‐matched analysis was performed to assess the accurate impact of TDs for each pN category after exclusion of synchronous metastasis.ResultsA total of 505 patients were included. TDs were observed in 99 (19.6%) patients, (pN1c = 37 [7.3%]). TDs were associated with pT3‐T4 stage (P = .037), synchronous metastasis (P = .003), lymph node (LN) invasion (P = .041), vascular invasion (P = .001), and perineural invasion (P < .001). TD was associated with a worse 3‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) among pN0 (51.2% vs 79.8%; P < .001); pN1 patients (35.2% vs 70.1%; P = .004) but not among pN2 patients (37.5% vs 44.7%; P = .499). After matching, pN1c patients had a worse 3‐year DFS compared with pN0 patients (58.6% vs 82.4%; P = .035) and a tendency toward a worse DFS among N1 patients (40.1% vs 64.2%; P = .153). DFS was worse when one TD was compared with one invaded LN (40.8% vs 81.3%; P < .001).ConclusionIn rectal cancer, TDs have a metastatic risk comparable to a pN2 stage which may lead to changes in adjuvant treatment.
The Effects of Posttraumatic Stress and Trauma‐Focused Disclosure on Experimental Pain Sensitivity Among Trauma‐Exposed Women
Authors: Hood Caitlyn O. , Badour Christal L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPrevious studies evaluating the impact of trauma history and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on pain sensitivity have yielded inconsistent findings. The presence of trauma‐related negative affective states may account for these discrepancies. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of PTSD and trauma‐related negative affect on sensory, affective, physiological, and neuroendocrine responses to an experimental pain task. Trauma‐exposed adult women (N= 87) with or without probable PTSD underwent an emotional disclosure paradigm during which they wrote about a traumatic event or a neutral topic. Participants then completed a pain induction procedure. Sensory and affective reports of pain, as well as physiological and neuroendocrine reactivity, were assessed. Compared to women without PTSD, those with PTSD demonstrated decreased sensory pain responses, ηp² = .11, including increased time to pain detection (i.e., threshold) and ability to withstand the pain stimuli (i.e., tolerance) after accounting for relevant covariates. Women with PTSD also demonstrated increased cortisol reactivity following the pain stimulus, ηp² = .06. The main and interactive effects of PTSD group and writing condition did not significantly predict alterations in affective reports of pain or heart rate reactivity. The results suggest that PTSD symptoms may contribute to alterations in pain sensitivity in trauma‐exposed women, but this association is complex and requires further exploration.
Sexual Assault, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and Indices of Aggression Among Women
Authors: Wamser‐Nanney Rachel , Walker Hannah E. , Nanney John T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSexual assault is associated with many adverse outcomes, including a higher risk for developing posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Although nonsexual trauma exposure has been linked to aggression, the associations between sexual assault and aggression are understudied. Further, the DSM‐5 conceptualization of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) includes a symptom related to aggression, and associations between symptom clusters and aggression with regard to the new criteria are underexplored. The present study aimed to (a) examine the relations between sexual assault and indices of aggression (i.e., physical/verbal aggression, anger, and hostility) after accounting for PTSS and (b) investigate PTSD symptom clusters in relation to aggression among 263 women (Mage = 29.03 years, SD = 11.71; 67.6% white). Path analysis revealed that sexual assault was unrelated to indices of aggression, βs = .003–.08; however, PTSS was consistently linked with increased aggression, βs = .22–.49. Results indicated specificity in the associations between the symptom clusters and aspects of aggression. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood corresponded with increased physical aggression, β = .28, and hostility, β = .38, and avoidance was related to verbal aggression, β = .19. Hyperarousal was also tied to higher levels of anger, hostility, and verbal aggression, βs = .21–.33. Nonetheless, lower levels of intrusion symptoms were associated with increased anger and hostility, β = ‐.26. With regard to understanding women's risk for aggression, PTSS may be more relevant than sexual assault. Further, there may be specificity related to the type of PTSD symptoms and aspects of aggression.
Salivary Gland Lithiasis Recurrence After Minimally‐Invasive Surgery: Incidence, Risk Factors and Prevention
Authors: Galli Philippe , Ceva Antoine , Foletti Jean‐Marc , Iline Nicolas , Giorgi Roch , Chossegros Cyrille , Graillon Nicolas 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the recurrence rate of lithiasis following minimally invasive surgery to identify risk factors and mechanisms for recurrence of salivary gland lithiasis.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted including all patients treated for salivary gland lithiasis by minimally invasive surgery, such as sialendoscopy, intracorporeal lithotripsy, extracorporeal lithotripsy, transoral approach, and combined approach in our Department. We analyzed the recurrence rate of salivary lithiasis, their topography and timeline.ResultThree hundred four patients were included in this study, the mean age was 49 years (range 12–90 years), and the mean duration of follow‐up was 19.8 months (range 0–66 months). Fifteen patients (5%) presented secondary lithiasis. In all but one case, recurrences involved the same gland as primary lithiasis, and most frequently the submandibular gland. Recurrences occurred from 3 to 46 months postoperatively. Fourteen patients, who presented recurrence, had been initially treated by transoral approach. Recurrent lithiasis were treated by transoral approach or submandibulectomy.ConclusionSalivary gland lithiasis recurrence was rare after minimally invasive salivary gland surgery. This study reinforced the concept that salivary gland lithiasis should be considered as a duct pathology.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:794–799, 2021
Identification of Viruses in Patients With Postviral Olfactory Dysfunction by Multiplex Reverse‐Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Tian Jun , Pinto Jayant M. , Li Li , Zhang Sanmei , Sun Zhifu , Wei Yongxiang 
Published: August 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate causative viruses in patients with postviral olfactory disorders (PVOD).Study DesignCase‐control study.MethodsOne hundred fifty‐one consecutive patients diagnosed with PVOD were enrolled, and samples from 38 patients who visited the doctor within 3 months of symptom onset were collected and analyzed. Thirty‐two individuals who underwent surgery for nasal septal deviation during the same time period were collected as the control group. The Sniffin' Sticks psychophysical olfactory test was used to evaluate olfactory function. Olfactory cleft specimens were collected using nasopharyngeal flocked swabs (COPAN FLOQSwabs). Eighteen viruses were tested for with the Luminex xTAG RVP FAST v2 Assay Kit.ResultsOut of the 38 patients with PVOD, rhinoviruses were detected in 13 patients, and coronavirus OC43 was detected in one patient. The frequency of positive virus detection in the patients with anosmia was higher than in those with hyposmia (58.8% vs. 19.0%, P = 0.018). In control group, rhinovirus was identified in one patient (3.1%). Nasal obstruction was the most common symptom and was experienced by 71.0% of patients.ConclusionsRhinovirus and coronavirus are more commonly identified in PVOD. Our methods represent an approach to screen for viruses that may be involved in PVOD.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:158–164, 2021
3D Printing of Cytocompatible Gelatin‐Cellulose‐Alginate Blend Hydrogels
Authors: Erkoc Pelin , Uvak Ileyna , Nazeer Muhammad Anwaar , Batool Syeda Rubab , Odeh Yazan Nitham , Akdogan Ozan , Kizilel Seda 
Published: August 2020

Abstract3D bioprinting of hydrogels has gained great attention due to its potential to manufacture intricate and customized scaffolds that provide favored conditions for cell proliferation. Nevertheless, plain natural hydrogels can be easily disintegrated, and their mechanical strengths are usually insufficient for printing process. Hence, composite hydrogels are developed for 3D printing. This study aims to develop a hydrogel ink for extrusion‐based 3D printing which is entirely composed of natural polymers, gelatin, alginate, and cellulose. Physicochemical interactions between the components of the intertwined gelatin‐cellulose‐alginate network are studied via altering copolymer ratios. The structure of the materials and porosity are assessed using infrared spectroscopy, swelling, and degradation experiments. The utility of this approach is examined with two different crosslinking strategies using glutaraldehyde or CaCl2. Multilayer cylindrical structures are successfully 3D printed, and their porous structure is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analyses. Moreover, cytocompatibility of the hydrogel scaffolds is confirmed on fibroblast cells. The developed material is completely natural, biocompatible, economical, and the method is facile. Thus, this study is important for the development of advanced functional 3D hydrogels that have considerable potential for biomedical devices and artificial tissues.
Development of a Dual Hydrogel Model System for Vascularization
Authors: Kim Sungwoo , Pan Chi‐Chun , Yang Yunzhi Peter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNumerous hydrogel‐based culture systems are used to create in vitro model for prevascularization. Hydrogels used to induce a microenvironment conducive to microvessel formation are typically soft and fast degradable, but often suffer from maintaining a lasting perfusable channel in vitro. Here, a dual hydrogel system that consists of photo‐crosslinkable gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) is reported. GelMA hydrogels present soft and rapidly degradable properties and show microporous structures while PEGDMA is relatively stiff, almost nondegradable in vitro, and less porous. The dual hydrogel system is sequentially photo‐crosslinked to construct an endothelial cell (EC)‐lined perfusable PEGDMA channel and surrounding GelMA for endothelial vascular networks. Such dual hydrogel system exhibits seamless integration of the stiff PEGDMA channel and the surrounding soft GelMA, and facilitates rapid EC sprouting and extensive microvessel formation from a stable endothelium on the PEGDMA channel into the GelMA. Furthermore, diffusivity of biomolecules in the perfusable dual hydrogel system is affected by both the structural and physicochemical properties of the hydrogel system and the microvascular networks formed in the system. The establishment of the dual hydrogel system for vascularization holds great promise as an in vitro angiogenesis model and prevascularization strategy of large tissue constructs.
Monostatic radar‐based microwave imaging of breast tumor detection using a compact cubical dielectric resonator antenna
Authors: Kaur Gagandeep , Kaur Amanpreet 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis research article presents a proficient, convenient, and low‐cost monostatic radar‐based microwave imaging (RBMI) technique for the breast tumor detection. For this, a compact cubical dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with impedance bandwidth of 8.3 GHz (ie, 4.3‐12.6 GHz) has been simulated using CST V′17. In proposed monostatic RBMI technique, the designed DRA is placed parallel to the breast phantom and rotated around it at an interval of 10° in elevation plane (0‐π) and azimuthal plane (0‐2π), respectively; first, without and then with tumor inside the breast phantom. Total 1080 back‐scattered signals are recorded for the entire impedance bandwidth, and processed for microwave imaging. For the validation of results, fabricated antenna is rotated around the artificial breast mimic. The artificial breast mimic is made up from gelatin (skin), petroleum jelly (fat), and wheat flour (tumor). The backscattered signals from the artificial breast phantom have been recorded on the vector network analyzer model no. E5063A for both the cases that is, with absence and presence of tumor at different position and time intervals. The recorded S‐parameters have been processed in two beam‐forming algorithms; delay and sum (DAS), delay multiply and sum (DMAS). These signals are then converted into digital data and processed in the MATLAB, to visualize the 2D image of the scanned area to detect the breast tumor. By comparing the reconstructed images, it is concluded that the DAS algorithm provides just a clue about the presence of the tumor, but DMAS provides the accurate position and size of the breast tumor.
Ultrahigh‐resolution quantitative spinal cord MRI at 9.4T
Authors: Geldschläger Ole , Bosch Dario , Avdievich Nikolai I. , Henning Anke 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTo present the results of the first human spinal cord in vivo MRI scans at 9.4T.MethodsA human brain coil was used to image the human spinal cord at 9.4T. All anatomical images were acquired with a T2*‐weighted gradient‐echo sequence. A comparison of the influence of four different B0 shimming routines on the image quality was performed. Intrinsic signal‐to‐noise‐ratio maps were determined using a pseudo‐multiple replica approach. Measurements with different echo times were compared and processed to one multiecho data image combination image. Based on the multiecho acquisitions, T2*‐relaxation time maps were calculated. Algorithmic spinal cord detection and gray matter/white matter segmentation were tested.ResultsAn echo time between 9 and 13.8 ms compromised best between gray matter/white matter contrast and image quality. A maximum in‐plane resolution of 0.15 × 0.15 mm2 was achieved for anatomical images. These images offered excellent image quality and made small structures of the spinal cord visible. The scanner vendor implemented B0 shimming routine performed best during this work. Intrinsic signal‐to‐noise‐ratio values of between 6600 and 8060 at the upper cervical spinal cord were achieved. Detection and segmentation worked reliably. An average T2*‐time of 24.88 ms ± 6.68 ms for gray matter and 19.37 ms ± 8.66 ms for white matter was calculated.ConclusionThe proposed human brain coil can be used to image the spinal cord. The maximum in‐plane resolution in this work was higher compared with the 7T results from the literature. The 9.4T acquisitions made the small structures of the spinal cord clearly visible.
Round 2: A 4-Year Follow-Up Evaluation of a Flathead Catfish Population Exposed to Hand Fishing
Authors: Bodine Kristopher A. , Ott Richard A. , Bennett Daniel L. , Norman Jacob D. , Schlechte J. Warren 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The 2011 legalization of hand fishing for catfishes in Texas prompted the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) to conduct a model-based evaluation of the potential impacts on size structure and dynamic rates of the Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris in Lake Palestine, Texas. Results predicted that impacts by hand fishers would be minimal and that the preexisting harvest regulation of 5 fish/d with a 457-mm minimum length limit was sufficient to maintain fishery quality. Despite these findings, TPWD fisheries staff continued to have concerns about potential overharvest. In response to this concern, we conducted a follow-up evaluation in April 2018 to determine whether population characteristics, such as relative abundance or size-related metrics, had changed since the previous evaluation in 2014. Sampling was conducted with low-frequency electrofishing via similar procedures used in the previous study. We found no significant changes in any metric examined. Total catch rates and the catch rates of trophy-sized fish were not significantly different. Length frequency distributions were also similar, and no differences were observed in mean TL or any proportional size distribution measurement. These findings corroborate those from the 2014 study and also suggest that hand fishing has had no measurable effect on Flathead Catfish abundance or size-related metrics in Lake Palestine from 2014 through 2018.