bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
tDCS over the inferior frontal gyri and visual cortices did not improve response inhibition
Authors: Thunberg Christina , Messel Mari S. , Raud Liisa , Huster René J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe ability to cancel an already initiated response is central to flexible behavior. While several different behavioral and neural markers have been suggested to quantify the latency of the stopping process, it remains unclear if they quantify the stopping process itself, or other supporting mechanisms such as visual and/or attentional processing. The present study sought to investigate the contributions of inhibitory and sensory processes to stopping latency markers by combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) recordings in a within-participant design. Active and sham tDCS were applied over the inferior frontal gyri (IFG) and visual cortices (VC), combined with both online and offline EEG and EMG recordings. We found evidence that neither of the active tDCS condition affected stopping latencies relative to sham stimulation. Our results challenge previous findings suggesting that anodal tDCS over the IFG can reduce stopping latency and demonstrates the necessity of adequate control conditions in tDCS research. Additionally, while the different putative markers of stopping latency showed generally positive correlations with each other, they also showed substantial variation in the estimated latency of inhibition, making it unlikely that they all capture the same construct exclusively.
Primary breast cancer and health related quality of life in Spanish women: The EpiGEICAM case-control study
Authors: Fernández de Larrea-Baz Nerea , Pérez-Gómez Beatriz , Guerrero-Zotano Ángel , Casas Ana María , Bermejo Begoña , Baena-Cañada José Manuel , Antolin Silvia , Sánchez-Rovira Pedro , Ramos Vázquez Manuel , Garcia-Sáenz José Ángel , Antón Antonio , Muñoz Montserrat , de Juan Ana , Jara Carlos , Chacón José Ignacio , Arcusa Angels , Gil-Gil Miguel , Adrover Encarna , Oltra Amparo , Brunet Joan , González Sonia , Bezares Susana , Lope Virginia , Martín Miguel , Pollán Marina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study evaluates the impact of breast cancer (BC) in health related quality of life (HRQL) and in psychological distress (PD) during the initial phases of the disease and looks for contributing factors. A multicentric case-control study, EpiGEICAM, was carried out. Incident BC cases and age- and residence- matched controls were included. Clinical, epidemiological, HRQL (SF-36) and PD information (GHQ-28) was collected. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate OR of low HRQL and of PD in cases compared to controls, and to identify factors associated with low HRQL and with PD. Among 896 BC cases and 890 control women, cases had poorer scores than both, the reference population and the control group, in all SF-36 scales. BC women with lower education, younger, active workers, never smokers, those with comorbidities, in stage IV and with surgical treatment had lower physical HRQL; factors associated with low mental HRQL were dissatisfaction with social support, being current smoker and having children. Cases had a fivefold increased odds of PD compared to controls. Managing comorbidities and trying to promote social support, especially in younger and less educated women, could improve well-being of BC patients.
17 beta-estradiol biodegradation by anaerobic granular sludge: Effect of iron sources
Authors: Zhao Bai-Hang , Sun Qi , Chen Jie , Zhang Jing , Zhang Xin-Yue , Liu Bao-Jiang , Li Jun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSteroid estrogens, as typical endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), have raised an increasing concern due to their endocrine disrupting effects on aquatic animals and potential hazards on human health. Batch experiments were conducted to study 17 beta-estradiol (E2) removal and Estradiol Equivalent Quantity (EEQ) elimination by anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) combined with different valence iron sources. Results showed that E2 was effectively biodegraded and transformed into E1 by AnGS. The addition of different valence iron sources all promoted E2 degradation, reduced E2 Equivalent Quotient (EEQ) concentration, and increased methane production in the batch experiments. The enhancement effect of zero-valent iron (ZVI) on E2 removal and EEQ elimination was stronger than that of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in our experiments. The enhancement effect proportion of ZVI corrosion, Fe2+, and Fe3+ in the process of E2 degradation by AnGS combined with ZVI were 42.26%, 40.21% and 17.53%, respectively.
Risk of arbovirus emergence via bridge vectors: case study of the sylvatic mosquito Aedes malayensis in the Nakai district, Laos
Authors: Miot Elliott F. , Calvez Elodie , Aubry Fabien , Dabo Stéphanie , Grandadam Marc , Marcombe Sébastien , Oke Catherine , Logan James G. , Brey Paul T. , Lambrechts Louis 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMany emerging arboviruses of global public health importance, such as dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV), originated in sylvatic transmission cycles involving wild animals and forest-dwelling mosquitoes. Arbovirus emergence in the human population typically results from spillover transmission via bridge vectors, which are competent mosquitoes feeding on both humans and wild animals. Another related, but less studied concern, is the risk of ‘spillback’ transmission from humans into novel sylvatic cycles. We colonized a sylvatic population of Aedes malayensis from a forested area of the Nakai district in Laos to evaluate its potential as an arbovirus bridge vector. We found that this Ae. malayensis population was overall less competent for DENV and YFV than an urban population of Aedes aegypti. Olfactometer experiments showed that our Ae. malayensis colony did not display any detectable attraction to human scent in laboratory conditions. The relatively modest vector competence for DENV and YFV, combined with a lack of detectable attraction to human odor, indicate a low potential for this sylvatic Ae. malayensis population to act as an arbovirus bridge vector. However, we caution that opportunistic blood feeding on humans by sylvatic Ae. malayensis may occasionally contribute to bridge sylvatic and human transmission cycles.
A selective autophagy cargo receptor NBR1 modulates abscisic acid signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Tarnowski Leszek , Rodriguez Milagros Collados , Brzywczy Jerzy , Piecho-Kabacik Marta , Krčkova Zuzana , Martinec Jan , Wawrzynska Anna , Sirko Agnieszka 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe plant selective autophagy cargo receptor neighbour of breast cancer 1 gene (NBR1) has been scarcely studied in the context of abiotic stress. We wanted to expand this knowledge by using Arabidopsis thaliana lines with constitutive ectopic overexpression of the AtNBR1 gene (OX lines) and the AtNBR1 Knock-Out (KO lines). Transcriptomic analysis of the shoots and roots of one representative OX line indicated differences in gene expression relative to the parental (WT) line. In shoots, many differentially expressed genes, either up- or down-regulated, were involved in responses to stimuli and stress. In roots the most significant difference was observed in a set of downregulated genes that is mainly related to translation and formation of ribonucleoprotein complexes. The link between AtNBR1 overexpression and abscisic acid (ABA) signalling was suggested by an interaction network analysis of these differentially expressed genes. Most hubs of this network were associated with ABA signalling. Although transcriptomic analysis suggested enhancement of ABA responses, ABA levels were unchanged in the OX shoots. Moreover, some of the phenotypes of the OX (delayed germination, increased number of closed stomata) and the KO lines (increased number of lateral root initiation sites) indicate that AtNBR1 is essential for fine-tuning of the ABA signalling pathway. The interaction of AtNBR1 with three regulatory proteins of ABA pathway (ABI3, ABI4 and ABI5) was observed in planta. It suggests that AtNBR1 might play role in maintaining the balance of ABA signalling by controlling their level and/or activity.
Distinctive features of diffusion-controlled radiation defect recombination in stoichiometric magnesium aluminate spinel single crystals and transparent polycrystalline ceramics
Authors: Lushchik A. , Feldbach E. , Kotomin E. A. , Kudryavtseva I. , Kuzovkov V. N. , Popov A. I. , Seeman V. , Shablonin E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMgAl2O4 spinel is important optical material for harsh radiation environment and other important applications. The kinetics of thermal annealing of the basic electron (F, F+) and hole (V) centers in stoichiometric MgAl2O4 spinel irradiated by fast neutrons and protons is analyzed in terms of diffusion-controlled bimolecular reactions. Properties of MgAl2O4 single crystals and optical polycrystalline ceramics are compared. It is demonstrated that both transparent ceramics and single crystals, as well as different types of irradiation show qualitatively similar kinetics, but the effective migration energy Ea and pre-exponent D0 are strongly correlated. Such correlation is discussed in terms of the so-called Meyer-Neldel rule known in chemical kinetics of condensed matter. The results for the irradiated spinel are compared with those for sapphire, MgO and other radiation-resistant materials.
MiR-124-3p helps to protect against acute respiratory distress syndrome by targeting p65
Authors: Liang Yufeng , Xie Junjie , Che Di , Zhang Chunmin , Lin Yongmin , Feng Lin , Chen Jinlu , Chen Jie , Chen Lihe , Wu Zhiyuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe form of acute lung injury that has a high mortality rate and leads to substantial healthcare costs. MicroRNA-124-3p (miR-124-3p) helps to suppress inflammation during a pulmonary injury. However, its mechanism of action is largely unknown, and its role in ARDS remains to be determined.
Methods: Mice and NR8383 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to induce ARDS, and their miR-124-3p levels were determined. After a miRNA agomir was administrated to the mice, their pulmonary injuries were evaluated by H&E staining and assays for peripheral inflammatory cytokine levels. The direct interaction between miR-124-3p and p65 was predicted, and then confirmed by a luciferase activity assay. The role played by miRNA-124-3p in regulating p65 expression was further examined by transfection with its agomir, and its role in cell apoptosis was investigated by observing the effects of miRNA overexpression in vitro and in vivo.
Results: After exposure to LPS, there was a consistent decrease in miR-124-3p expression in the lungs of mice and in NR8383 cells. After treatment with the miR-124-3p agomir, the degrees of pulmonary injury (e.g. alveolar hemorrhage and interstitial edema), and the increases in IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels induced by LPS were significantly attenuated. Overexpression of miR-124-3p in NC8383 cells and lung tissues significantly suppressed LPS-induced p65 expression and cell apoptosis.
Conclusions: These results suggest that miR-124-3p directly targeted p65, and thereby decreased the levels of inflammation and pulmonary injury in a mouse model of ARDS.
LncRNA TUG1 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer via the miR-138-5p/ZEB2 axis
Authors: Yan Zhenkun , Bi Miaomiao , Zhang Qiyu , Song Yumei , Hong Sen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To explore the role of long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) via the miR-138-5p/zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) axis.
Eighty-four CRC tissue specimens and 84 corresponding paracancerous tissue specimens were sampled from 84 patients with CRC admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2018 to September 2019. The TUG1 expression in the specimens was determined, and its value in diagnosis and prognosis of CRC was analyzed. Additionally, constructed stable and transient overexpresison vectors and inhibition vectors were transfected into CRC cells. The MTT, transwell, and flow cytometry were adopted for analysis on the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of transfected cells, respectively, and a dual luciferase reporter (DLR) assay was carried out for correlation determination between TUG1 and miR-138-5p and between miR-138-5p and ZEB2.
TUG1 was up-regulated in CRC, and serum TUG1 could be adopted as a diagnostic marker of CRC, with area-under-the-curve (AUC) larger than 0.8. In addition, siRNA-TUG1, shRNA-TUG1, miR-138-5p-mimics, and miR-138-5p-inhibitor were transfected into cells, and it turned out that overexpressing miR-138-5p and inhibiting ZEB2 exerted the same effects. The DLR assay revealed that TUG1 was able to targetedly regulate miR-138-5p, and miR-138-5p could targetedly regulate ZEB2, and in vitro experiments revealed that TUG1 could affect the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CRC via the miR-138-5p/ZEB2 axis.
TUG1 could promote the development of CRC via the miR-138-5p/ZEB2 axis.
Primäre Ziliendyskinesie (PCD) – interdisziplinäre Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Hackenberg Stephan , Scherzad Agmal 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a genetically heterogeneous disease. First respiratory symptoms already occur within the first hours after birth. Major symptoms are an unexplained neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, situs inversus, persistant cough, and chronic nasal congestion, recurrent paranasal sinus disorders with or without polyps, bronchiectasis as well as male infertility. Diagnostics is complex and includes transmission electron microscopy, nasal NO assessment, high-speed video microscopy and genetic evaluations. This review gives an overview over the current diagnostic procedures and therapeutic options. The management of PCD is a multidisciplinary approach, which should be reserved to in highly specialized centers.
Ulcerative reflux esophagitis associated with Clostridium ventriculi following hiatoplasty – is antibiotic treatment necessary? A case report
Authors: Heidinger Martin , Gorkiewicz Gregor , Freisinger Oana , Brcic Iva 
Published: May 2020

AbstractClostridium (C.) ventriculi (known as Sarcina ventriculi) is a ubiquitous gram-positive, anaerobic, acidophilic coccus found in patients with gastric motility disorders. The microorganisms can be identified histologically by their characteristic presentation in tetrads or packets of 8 in hematoxylin and eosin stains. Severe cases of emphysematous gastritis or gastric perforation have been described. Nevertheless, the significance of C. ventriculi in an upper gastrointestinal tract and its pathogenic character remain unclear. We present a 67-year-old woman who underwent hiatoplasty with gastropexy. After 3 months, she underwent a gastroscopy showing gastroesophageal reflux. Biopsies showed ulcerative reflux esophagitis with presence of C.ventriculi, subsequently confirmed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. The barium swallow study revealed an atonic stomach with delayed gastric emptying. The patient was treated with PPI and domperidone. On follow up, 15 months post-operatively, a control gastroscopy showed a stomach with food residues and reflux-associated small erosions. The Clostridium organisms were detected only in oxyntic mucosa biopsies without erosions or ulcerations. We speculate that the recognition of the organisms in the biopsy material is important and suggests dysmotility disorder. However, in our opinion, the presence of C. ventriculi, even in combination with mucosal damage, does not necessarily prompt antibiotic treatment since no complications occurred and inflammation as well as gastric function improved under PPI and prokinetic therapy in our patient. Larger study groups with long-term follow-up are needed to understand whether these organisms could behave as pathogens or are only bystanders in the setting of delayed gastric emptying.
Successful fourth line treatment of a relapse patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection genotype 3a using sofosbuvir, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, and ribavirin: a case report
Authors: Bernhard Benedikt , Stickel Felix 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Relapses after therapy with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are rare due to high efficacy of interferon-free therapy regimens. The presence of resistance-associated substitutions (RAS) in proteins targeted by therapy can lead to lower rates of sustained virological response (SVR) in patients receiving DAA-therapy, and little evidence exists as to how to treat these patients.
Case Summary We present a case of a multi-drug-resistant HCV-genotype-3a-infection in a 50-year-old female without confirmed cirrhosis but with advanced fibrosis (liver stiffness 11.6 kPa) and low viral load. Resistance testing revealed a Y93H mutation in the NS5A gene. Therapies using sofosbuvir and daclatasvir (1st), sofosbuvir, velpatasvir and ribavirin (2nd), and subsequently with sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and voxilaprevir (3st) did not achieve SVR. Compliance was good with rapid negativity of HCV RNA at 4 weeks of treatment on all 3 occasions. No virological breakthrough was recorded with all regimens. As a rescue attempt, the patient received 24 weeks of sofosbuvir, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, and weight-based ribavirin at 1000 mg. With this approach, she achieved SVR but developed hepatocellular carcinoma.
Conclusion The combination of sofosbuvir, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir and ribavirin could be a rescue therapy after previous relapses on DAA-therapy, especially in patients with relapse after therapy with sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and voxilaprevir.
Population-based study of autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cholangitis in Germany: rising prevalences based on ICD codes, yet deficits in medical treatment
Authors: Sebode Marcial , Kloppenburg Angela , Aigner Annette , Lohse Ansgar W. , Schramm Christoph , Linder Roland 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Population-based data on the prevalence of and real-life treatment for the autoimmune liver diseases (AILD), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), are scarce, and such knowledge may help to improve patient care.
Methods Data of 8.1 million individuals having health insurance with the “Techniker Krankenkasse,” the largest German health insurer, were analyzed with regard to the prevalence of and prescribed medication for AILD in Germany from 2011 until 2014. Patients with viral hepatitis B infection (HBV) and alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) served as control groups. Case definition was based on ICD codes.
Results The prevalences of PBC and AIH were 36.9/100 000 inhabitants (95 % CI: 35.6–38.2) and 23.0/100 000 inhabitants (95 % CI: 22.0–24.0) in 2014, respectively. The prevalences of AILD increased from 2011 to 2014 (for PBC by 31 % and for AIH by 29 %), with the largest increase for male patients with PBC. In contrast, the prevalence of HBV declined while that of ALC remained stable. The analysis of prescribed real-life treatment revealed considerable deviations from standard treatment recommendations. Specifically, in older patients with PBC or AIH, undertreatment was common.
Conclusion The prevalence of PBC and AIH based on ICD codes is increasing in Germany. The analysis of real-life treatment in this large and population-based cohort points to the unmet need to improve the implementation of treatment guidelines for autoimmune liver diseases in the broader medical community.
Role of MR Enterography in Evaluation of Disease Activity in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease: Correlation between MR Enterography and Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index Scores
Authors: Radhakrishnan Shilpa , Chellathurai Amarnath , Sankaranrayanan Srinivas , Sankar Dharani , Rajan Suja 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectives The aim of the study was to assess the role of MR Enterography (MRE) in the diagnosis and follow-up of children with Crohn’s disease (CD) and to correlate disease activity indices with known MRE features of active disease.Methods This was a retrospective study including 24 patients (median age 11 years, 17 males) with clinically and histologically proven CD who underwent MRE. Two previously validated MRE scores—Magnetic Resonance Enterography Global Score (MEGS) and CD MRI index (CDMI)—were calculated. A correlative analysis was made between the Pediatric Crohn’s Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) score and MRE scores as well as individually with each MR variable. Comparison of both the MR scores was made between patients with different disease activity.Results MEGS and PCDAI scores showed strong positive correlation (r = 0.724, p = < 0.001); CDMI and PCDAI scores showed moderate positive correlation (r = 0.661, p = 0.0004). There was statistically significant difference in the MR scores between patients grouped by clinical activity. Among individual MR variables, mural thickness and enhancement best predicted the disease activity.Conclusions MRE-based scores and findings correlate with clinical activity in pediatric CD. Thereby, MRE can be considered a valuable tool in the management of CD, predicting disease activity and offering a potential alternative to endoscopy in monitoring patients during follow-up.
Comparison of the Enamel Surface Roughness from Different Polishing Methods: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy Investigation
Authors: Sugsompian Kiatanan , Tansalarak Ratchawan , Piyapattamin Thosapol 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to compare the enamel surface roughness created by four polishing methods after debonding, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
Materials and Methods Four experimental polishing groups (Sof-Lex disc, SD; sandblaster, SB; tungsten carbide bur, TB; and white stone bur, WB) and one control group were selected from 100 premolars (n = 20/group). The experimental teeth were bonded with a bracket, thermocycled, and debonded. Residual adhesive was removed by either of the respective methods. Pre and postdebonding root mean square (Rq) values were obtained from AFM evaluations. All specimens were examined and evaluated with SEM using a modified enamel surface index (modified ESI).
Statistical Analysis Differences among the polishing methods were compared with analysis of variance and Fisher’s least significant difference test at p < 0.05.
Results Both microscopic evaluations indicated that the surface with the greatest roughness herein belonged to the SD group, followed by that for SB, TB, and WB groups. AFM measurements indicated a maximum postdebonding Rq herein for the WB group and a significantly greater surface roughness for the TB and WB groups than for the SD and SB groups. Among the experimental groups, SEM followed by modified ESI evaluations revealed similar data to those obtained with AFM. Significant differences were seen among all paired groups, except for that between the SB and TB groups.
Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, all four polishing methods were concluded to be clinically acceptable for removing residual orthodontic adhesives.
Chitin Analog AVR-25 Prevents Experimental Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Authors: Das Pragnya , Acharya Suchismita , Shah Dilip , Agarwal Beamon , Prahaladan Varsha , Bhandari Vineet 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInfants born extremely preterm are at a high risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) which is characterized by large, simplified alveoli, increased inflammation, disrupted and dysregulated vasculogenesis, decreased cell proliferation, and increased cell death in the lungs. Due to lack of specific drug treatments to combat this condition, BPD and its long-term complications have taken a significant toll of healthcare resources. AVR-25, a novel immune modulator experimental compound, was able to partially recover the pulmonary phenotype in the hyperoxia-induced experimental mouse model of BPD. We anticipate that AVR-25 will have therapeutic potential for managing human BPD.