bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When trading options is not the only option: The effects of single‐stock futures trading on options market quality
Authors: Jiang George J. , Shimizu Yoshiki , Strong Cuyler 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe use the 2008 short‐selling ban to examine the impact of single‐stock futures (SSFs) trading on options market quality. We show that there is a substitution effect between options trading and SSFs trading during the ban period. In addition, our results show that SSFs trading had a significant effect in narrowing the bid‐ask spreads of options contracts. Moreover, compared to stocks without SSFs, stocks with SSFs were less likely to violate put‐call parity during the ban period. Our results suggest that SSFs trading helps mitigate the negative effect of the short‐selling ban on options market quality documented in the literature.
Samuelson hypothesis, arbitrage activity, and futures term premiums
Authors: Brooks Robert , Teterin Pavel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Samuelson hypothesis asserts that futures volatility increases as maturity decreases. On the basis of 10 US commodity futures and by capturing the dynamics of the futures volatility terms structure with three factors, we show that in most markets the slope factor is strongly negative in certain periods and at best only weakly negative in other periods. High inventory levels are found to correspond to flatter volatility term structures in seven futures. This finding is consistent with the linkage between carry arbitrage and the Samuelson hypothesis. We also find that a flatter volatility term structure corresponds to lower absolute futures term premiums.
Describing adverse events in Swiss hospitalized oncology patients using the Global Trigger Tool
Authors: Gerber Anne , Da Silva Lopes André , Szüts Natacha , Simon Michael , Ribordy‐Baudat Viviane , Ebneter Andreas , Perrinjaquet Claire , Gaignard Marie‐Estelle , Nicodet Delphine , Betticher Daniel , Bula Grégoire , Cote Maxime , Duchosal Michel André , Berret Pierre‐André , Dietrich Pierre‐Yves , Brennan Caitlin , Decosterd Sandy , Ferreira Nobre Sandrina , Peters Solange , Koelliker Reto , Ninane Françoise , Jeitziner Marie‐Madlen , Colomer‐Lahiguera Sara , Eicher Manuela 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsThe occurrence rate of adverse events (AEs) related to care among hospitalized oncology patients in Switzerland remains unknown. The primary objective of this study was to describe, for the first time, the occurrence rate, type, severity of harm, and preventability of AEs related to care, reported in health records of hospitalized hematological and solid‐tumor cancer patients in three Swiss hospitals.MethodsUsing an adapted version of the validated Global Trigger Tool (GTT) from the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, we conducted a retrospective record review of patients discharged from oncology units over a 6‐week period during 2018. Our convenience sample included all records from adult patients (≥18 years of age), diagnosed with cancer, and hospitalized (>24 hours). Per the GTT method, two trained nurses independently assessed patient records to identify AEs using triggers, and physicians from the included units analyzed the consensus of the two nurses. Together, they assessed the severity and preventability of each AE.ResultsFrom the sample of 224 reviewed records, we identified 661 triggers and 169 AEs in 94 of them (42%). Pain related to care was the most frequent AE (n = 29), followed by constipation (n = 17). AEs rates were 75.4 per 100 admissions and 106.6 per 1000 patient days. Most of the identified AEs (78%) caused temporary harm to the patient and required an intervention. Among AEs during hospitalization (n = 125), 76 (61%) were considered not preventable, 28 (22%) preventable, and 21 (17%) undetermined.ConclusionAbout half of the hospitalized oncology patients suffered from at least one AE related to care during their hospitalization. Pain, constipation, and nosocomial infections were the most frequent AEs. It is, therefore, essential to identify AEs to guide future clinical practice initiatives to ensure patient safety.
Bone Mass, Bone Microstructure and Biomechanics in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis
Authors: Simon David , Tascilar Koray , Unbehend Sara , Bayat Sara , Berlin Andreas , Liphardt Anna-Maria , Meinderink Timo , Rech Juergen , Hueber Axel J , Schett Georg , Kleyer Arnd 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
The impact of primary hand osteoarthritis (HOA) on bone mass, microstructure, and biomechanics in the affected skeletal regions is largely unknown. HOA patients and healthy controls (HCs) underwent high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). We measured total, trabecular, and cortical volumetric bone mineral densities (vBMDs), microstructural attributes, and performed micro–finite element analysis for bone strength. Failure load and scaled multivariate outcome matrices from distal radius and second metacarpal (MCP2) head measurements were analyzed using multiple linear regression adjusting for age, sex, and functional status and reported as adjusted Z-score differences for total and direct effects. A total of 105 subjects were included (76 HC: 46 women, 30 men; 29 HOA: 23 women, six men). After adjustment, HOA was associated with significant changes in the multivariate outcome matrix from the MCP2 head (p &lt; .001) (explained by an increase in cortical vBMD (Δz = 1.07, p = .02) and reduction in the trabecular vBMD (Δz = −0.07, p = .09). Distal radius analysis did not show an overall effect of HOA; however, there was a gender-study group interaction (p = .044) explained by reduced trabecular vBMD in males (Δz = −1.23, p = .02). HOA was associated with lower failure load (−514 N; 95%CI, −1018 to −9; p = 0.05) apparent in males after adjustment for functional status. HOA is associated with reduced trabecular and increased cortical vBMD in the MCP2 head and a reduction in radial trabecular vBMD and bone strength in males. Further investigations of gender-specific changes of bone architecture in HOA are warranted. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Chondrocyte suppression is mediated by miR‐129‐5p via GDF11/SMAD3 signaling in developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Liu Xijuan , Deng Xueqiang , Ding Rui , Cheng Xigao , Jia Jingyu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRecent studies have shown that developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) during childhood and in animal models is associated with impaired endochondral ossification of the roof of the acetabulum, yet the molecular mechanism of this pathology remains unknown. To address this, an animal model of DDH was established in 4‐week‐old New Zealand white rabbits by cast immobilization of knee extension. Fifty‐six rabbits of DDH were involved in this study, including 21 male rabbits and 25 female rabbits. High‐throughput RNA sequencing identified 18 differentially expressed microRNAs; miR‐129‐5p downregulation was further confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay identified growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) as the target gene of miR‐129‐5p in vitro. miR‐129‐5p downregulation increased GDF11 expression, which induced the phosphorylation of SMAD family member 3. As a result, the expression of runt‐related transcription factor 2, Indian hedgehog homolog, and collagen type X was inhibited in vitro. Meanwhile, Alizarin Red S and Von Kossa staining revealed reduced formation of mineralized nodules by chondrocytes after miR‐129‐5P downregulation compared with the control. Additionally, proliferation assays and flow cytometry confirmed the suppression of chondrocyte proliferation and G1 cell cycle arrest following miR‐129‐5p downregulation. These findings indicate that miR‐129‐5p is able to suppress chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophic differentiation and decrease mineralization via the miR‐129‐5p/GDF11/SMAD3 axis. This could present the underlying cause for the observed DDH‐associated ossification impairment of the acetabular roof.
Cellular fibroepithelial lesions diagnosed on core needle biopsy: Is there any role of clinical‐sonography features helping to differentiate fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumor?
Authors: Al‐Arnawoot Basma , Scaranelo Anabel , Fleming Rachel , Kulkarni Supriya , Menezes Ravi J. , McCready David , Done Susan , Freitas Vivianne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to determine the role of clinico‐sonographic features of breast cellular fibroepithelial lesions (CFELs) diagnosed on core needle biopsy (CNB) in the differentiation between fibroadenoma (FA) and phyllodes.Materials and MethodsResults of consecutive women with a CNB showing CFEL from 2005 to 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical and sonographic findings were compared with surgical outcomes. Chi‐square and Fisher's exact tests were used followed by a regression model for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 131 women with 134 CFEL were included in the study; 89 (66%) were FAs and 45 (34%) were phyllodes (32 benign; 13 malignant). Significant predictors of increased risk of phyllodes tumor were patient age equal to or greater than 50 years (P = .021) and lesion size less than 2 cm at sonography (P = .043). No other imaging or clinical features were able to differentiate FA from phyllodes tumors.ConclusionCFEL with a larger size in older women is associated with the surgical pathological result of phyllodes tumor and management should be tailored accordingly. Younger patients with small size nodules might be approached less aggressively, depending on a personalized discussion with the surgeons, taking into account the results obtained in this study.
Extracapsular Dissection in Pleomorphic Adenomas of the Parotid Gland: Results After 13 Years of Follow‐up
Authors: Schapher Mirco , Koch Michael , Goncalves Miguel , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Iro Heinrich 
Published: May 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess long‐term results after the treatment of parotid pleomorphic adenomas (PPAs) using different surgical techniques and focusing on recurrence rates and the risk of adverse effects.Study DesignRetrospective analysis.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 182 patients treated exclusively for PPAs at a tertiary referral center between 2000 and 2004. Thorough follow‐up examinations over a mean period of 13 years were possible in 53.8% (n = 98/182). Tumors were categorized according to the European Salivary Gland Society (ESGS) system to improve the comparison of outcomes. After different surgical resection strategies, recurrence rates, postoperative facial nerve paresis (FNP), and incidence of Frey's syndrome were assessed. The follow‐up period included clinical examinations and imaging of every patient in the treating department.ResultsOf 182 patients, extracapsular dissection (ED) was performed in 29.7%, and other surgical modalities (OSMs), including facial nerve dissection, in 70.3%. After the long‐term follow‐up, 98% of all the patients (n = 96/98) were recurrence free. When recurrence rates were compared, no significant differences were noted (P < .331). ED resulted in significantly lower FNP rates compared to OSMs (P < .001). FNP rates significantly increased with size and location of the tumors according to ESGS categories (temporary and permanent FNP, P = .04). Surgical invasiveness corresponded to a significant increase in the incidence of Frey's syndrome (P < .001).ConclusionsED was associated with the lowest complication rates, but not with a higher risk of recurrence, when compared with OSM in the long‐term course. As ED can be performed in the majority of PPAs, it can be regarded as the treatment of choice whenever possible.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E445–E451, 2021
Analysis of Phytochemical Composition of Camellia oleifera Oil and Evaluation of its Anti‐Inflammatory Effect in Lipopolysaccharide‐Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Authors: Chang Ming , Qiu Fangcheng , Lan Niannian , Zhang Tao , Guo Xin , Jin Qingzhe , Liu Ruijie , Wang Xingguo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn China, Camellia oleifera oil (COO) is not only a common edible oil but also a traditional remedy widely applied to ameliorate a variety of illnesses associated with inflammation, such as mouth ulcers, thrush, eczema, etc. However, there has been a lack of relevant biological research on the anti‐inflammatory capacity of COO, and the specific bioactive lipid phytochemicals contributing to the anti‐inflammatory effect need further research. In this study, the RAW 264.7 macrophages model was used to investigate the anti‐inflammatory capacity of COO. Our data showed that 33–200 μg/mL COO markedly inhibited the lipopolysaccharide lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated nitric oxide (NO.) secretion via the suppression of Nos2 and Cox‐2 expression. The enzyme immunoassay confirmed that COO also exhibited a strong suppressive effect on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tnf‐α and Il‐6. To further explore the correlation between the anti‐inflammatory effects and the lipid phytochemicals in COO, 10 samples were collected and screened for their chemical compositions. It was interestingly demonstrated that the polyphenol extracts of COO play a vital role in its anti‐inflammatory properties. In addition, an oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsion‐based system was also developed to deliver the liposoluble COO into the cells, and the feasibility of this system was confirmed. Our research confirms the anti‐inflammatory potential of COO and highlights that the main functional ingredient is polyphenol extracts. This may provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization and development of COO and related functional foods.
In situ recovery of bivalve shell characteristics after temporary exposure to elevated pCO2
Authors: Grear Jason , Pimenta Adam , Booth Harriet , Horowitz Doranne Borsay , Mendoza Wilson , Liebman Matthew 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOcean uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) is causing changes in carbonate chemistry that affects calcification in marine organisms. In coastal areas, this CO2‐enriched seawater mixes with waters affected by seasonal degradation of organic material loaded externally from watersheds or produced as a response to nutrient enrichment. As a result, coastal bivalves often experience strong seasonal changes in carbonate chemistry. In some cases, these changes may resemble those experienced by aquacultured bivalves during translocation activities. We mimicked these changes by exposing juvenile hard clams (500 μm, Mercenaria mercenaria) to pCO2 in laboratory upwellers at levels resembling those already reported for northeastern U.S. estuaries (mean upweller pCO2 = 773, 1274, and 1838 μatm) and then transplanting to three grow‐out sites along an expected nutrient gradient in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island (154 bags of 100 clams). Prior to the field grow‐out, clams exposed to elevated pCO2 exhibited larger shells but lower dry weight per unit volume (dw/V). However, percent increase in dw/V was highest for this group during the 27‐day field grow‐out, suggesting that individuals with low dw/V after the laboratory treatment accelerated accumulation of dw/V when they were transferred to the bay. Treatments also appeared to affect shell mineral structure and condition of digestive diverticula. Although treatment effects diminished during the field grow‐out, clams that were preexposed for several weeks to high pCO2 would likely have been temporarily vulnerable to predation or other factors that interact with shell integrity. This would be expected to reduce population recovery from short‐term exposures to high pCO2.
Can sales leaders with humility create adaptive retail salespersons?
Authors: Luu Tuan Trong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough humility in leadership has been recognized as vital in leading salespeople to cope with unpredictability and unknowability in customers, the role of sales leader humility in promoting sales behaviors has remained underexplored. Our research aims to unfold how and when sales managers’ leadership humility nurtures retail salespersons’ adaptive selling behavior. Grounded on the dataset from managers and employees working in retail shops of a large telecommunication and computer company in Vietnam, the results reveal the role of retail salespersons’ customer knowledge, adaptive self‐efficacy, and customer‐oriented harmonious passion as the mediation paths for the linkage between sales leader humility and retail salespeople's adaptive selling behavior. The findings further provide evidence for the role of sales managers’ adaptive selling as an enhancer for the impacts of sales leader humility on these mediators.
Study on performance and continuous durability test of single input multi output power take‐off (PTO) gear box
Authors: Lee Y.B. , Lee G.C. , Park J.W. , Sung B.J. , Yang J.D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe power take‐off (PTO) gearbox is widely used for special vehicles, large construction machinery, industrial machinery and ships, to distribute the power of a single input shaft from an engine or a motor to several shafts or to collect several shafts by single shaft power (Torque × rotation speed). The super large hydraulic excavator is equipped with a power take‐off (PTO) gearbox between the main engine and a number of pumps for the purpose of improving the fuel efficiency and improving the system efficiency. The power take‐off (PTO) gearbox of a large hydraulic excavator with a body weight of 100 ton ( = 105 kg) is connected with two large hydraulic pumps and one small hydraulic pump on three output shafts and different axial loads are generated depending on the working characteristics of the excavator. In this paper, we evaluated the performance and durability of a power take‐off (PTO) gearbox of a large hydraulic excavator with a 100‐ton body weight. The test evaluation criteria for non‐fault life time calculation, performance and accelerated life test were established, and the types and characteristics of acceleration test equipment were analyzed. The torque distribution with the use of the gear phase difference to maintain the gearbox output condition was investigated, and energy was saved by circulating experimental power while controlling speed and load with two electric dynamometers. We analyzed the life of the gearbox by analyzing the metal particles generated in the lubricating oil of the gearbox.
Impact of host intraspecies genetic variation, diet, and age on bacterial and fungal intestinal microbiota in tigers
Authors: Jiang Haiying , Chen Wu , Su Li , Huang Mingwei , Lin Libo , Su Qiao , Li Guanyu , Ahmad Hafiz Ishfaq , Li Linmiao , Zhang Xiujuan , Li Huiming , Chen Jinping 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe bacterial microbiota in the gut varies among species, as well as with habitat, diet, age, and other factors. Intestinal microbiota homeostasis allows a host to adjust metabolic and immune performances in response to environmental changes. Therefore, potential implications of the gut microbiota in sustaining the health of the host have gained increasing attention in the field of endangered animal conservation. However, the effect of host intraspecies genetic variation on the gut microbiota is unknown. Moreover, little is known about the complexity of the gut mycobiota. Tigers are listed as endangered species, raising worldwide concern. Potential influences of subspecies, diet, and age on the gut microbiota in tigers were investigated in this study to provide a better understanding of the response of the tiger gut microbiota to external changes. The results revealed that the impacts of the factors listed above on gut bacterial and fungal communities are versatile. Host intraspecies genetic variation significantly impacted only fungal alpha diversity of the gut microbiota. Differences in diet, on the other hand, had a significant impact on alpha diversity of the gut microbiota, but exerted different effects on beta diversity of gut bacterial and fungal communities. Host age had no significant impact on the diversity of the gut fungal communities, but significantly impacted beta diversity of gut bacterial communities. This comprehensive study of tiger gut microbiota is an essential reference for tiger conservation when considering feeding and management strategies, and will contribute to a better understanding of the mycobiota in wildlife.
Genetic analysis resolves differential diagnosis of a familial syndromic dilated cardiomyopathy: A new case of Alström syndrome
Authors: Lombardo Barbara , D'Argenio Valeria , Monda Emanuele , Vitale Andrea , Caiazza Martina , Sacchetti Lucia , Pastore Lucio , Limongelli Giuseppe , Frisso Giulia , Mazzaccara Cristina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSyndromic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) includes a group of complex disorders with a very heterogeneous genetic etiology, leading to delay in definitive diagnosis. Conversely, an early genetic diagnosis is very important in determining the disease course, the prognosis, and may guide personalized treatments and family counseling.MethodsWe analyzed two brothers with a multisystemic disorder, including dilated cardiomyopathy, diabetes, bilateral neurosensorial hearing loss, and optic atrophy, using different genetic approaches, namely mitochondrial DNA sequencing, comparative genomic hybridization‐array (a‐CGH) and whole exome sequencing (WES).ResultsSequencing of the wide mitochondrial genome revealed, in both brothers, the known homoplasmic variant rs2853826 in the subunit 3 of the NADH dehydrogenase gene (MT‐ND3), whose pathogenicity was conflicting. Comparative genomic hybridization‐array analysis revealed in both patients and their father two heterozygous deletions in Phosphodiesterase 4d‐Interacting Protein (PDE4DIP) and Protocadherin‐related 15 (PCDH15) genes, respectively. The use of WES detected a pathogenetic mutation in ALMS1, enabling the definitive diagnosis of Alström syndrome.ConclusionWe demonstrated how the diagnosis of a complex heterogeneous disease may be difficult, due to several overlapping manifestations and the possible interaction of more genetic variants that could lead to a more severe and complex phenotype.This paper strongly evidences how genomics is revolutionizing the diagnosis of rare complex disease, representing one of the most essential steps to enable a definitive diagnosis and to establish the etiology for diseases, such as syndromic DCM.
The first concurrent detection of mitochondrial DNA m.3243A>G mutation, deletion, and depletion in a family with mitochondrial diabetes
Authors: Tabebi Mouna , Safi Wajdi , Felhi Rahma , Alila Fersi Olfa , Keskes Leila , Abid Mohamed , Mnif Mouna , Fakhfakh Faiza 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial diabetes (MD) is a rare monogenic form of diabetes and divided into type l and type 2. It is characterized by a strong familial clustering of diabetes with the presence of maternal transmission in conjunction with bilateral hearing impairment in most of the carriers. The most common form of MD is associated with the m.3243A>G mutation in the mitochondrial MT‐TL1, but there are also association with a range of other point mutations, deletion, and depletion in mtDNA.MethodsThe mitochondrial genome anomalies were investigated in a family with clinical features of MD, which includes a proband presenting severe MD conditions including cardiomyopathy, retinopathy, and psychomotor retardation.ResultsBy investigating the patient's blood leukocytes and skeletal muscle, we identified the m.3243A>G mutation in heteroplasmic state. This mutation was absent in the rest of the family members. In addition, our analysis revealed in the proband a large mtDNA heteroplasmic deletion (~1 kb) and a reduction in mtDNA copy number.ConclusionOur study points out, for the first time, a severe phenotypic expression of the m.3243A>G point mutation in association with mtDNA deletion and depletion in MD.