bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring parent–child agreement on reports of exposure to community violence: Utilizing a latent profile approach
Authors: Ward Jazzmyn S. , Banerjee Meeta 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExposure to community violence (ECV) has a number of implications for children including poor mental health functioning, impaired cognition, memory, learning, and school performance (Edlynn et al, 2008 Am. J. Orthopsychiat., 78, 249–258; Gardner et al., 1996, J. Consult. Clin. Psychol., 64, 602–609). Discrepancies in child and parent reports of the child's ECV may exacerbate these adverse effects (Hill & Jones, 1997 J. Natl Med. Assoc., 89, 270–276). This study aimed to categorize dyads based on the agreement in reports of ECV. Furthermore, this study aimed to identify ethnic differences within these groups in addition to mental health issues. Four profiles, based on average exposure to violence, emerged: Low exposure (LE), moderate exposure, high exposure, and severe exposure. Ethnic differences among these profiles indicate ethnic minorities are less likely to belong to the LE profile and more likely to represent the other profiles. There were differences among profiles based on mental health functioning.
Catalytic ozonation treatment of biochemically treated leachate from municipal waste solid using Ti–Mn oxide‐coated stainless steel mesh catalyst
Authors: Huang Xiaoxue , Quan Xuejun , Zhu Shu , Cheng Wen , Cheng Chen , Qiu Facheng , Cheng Zhiliang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDLandfill leachate is a kind of complex organic wastewater, the discharge standard of which is difficult to meet after traditional biochemical treatment. In this work, a Ti–Mn stainless steel corrugated wire mesh (SSCWM) catalyst was prepared by the sol–gel method, which was used for the catalytic ozonation of biochemically treated leachate.RESULTSThe catalyst was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The data showed that the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of the leachate by ozone alone, SSCWM/O3, Ti–SSCWM/O3 and Ti–Mn/SSCWM/O3 system reached 55.06%, 64.44%, 68.97% and 78.43%, respectively. The catalytic effect of different layers of Ti–Mn oxide‐coated SSCWM catalyst showed that two catalytic layers had the best activity of COD removal efficiency, reaching 87.17%, and the final COD reached the national emission standard (<100 mg L−1). At the same time, the results of fluorescence spectrum and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis confirmed this point. The stability of the catalyst decreased with the increase in usage times, and the final COD removal efficiency was 73.91% after six cycles of use. To understand the reason for catalyst deactivation, the adsorbed organic matter on the catalyst surface was determined by GC‐MS analysis. In addition, COD removal of the catalyst can be increased to 80.55% after in situ regeneration of the mesh catalyst by a sequential cleaning process consisting of alkali–acid–hydrogen peroxide–ethanol–water.CONCLUSIONIn short, application of the mesh catalyst in catalytic ozonation can be considered as a promising method for wastewater treatment, because of avoidance of solid–liquid separation and easy regeneration of catalytic activity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Ethnic disparities in the frequency of cancer reported in family histories
Authors: Maves Heather , Flodman Pamela , Nathan Deepika , Smith Moyra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study was designed to observe whether disparities exist between ethnicities in reporting a family history of cancer in a cancer genetic counseling clinic. Four hundred sixty‐nine pedigrees collected between 2015 to 2017 from a cancer clinic at the University of California, Irvine, were analyzed. Pedigrees were separated by ethnicity into the following categories: non‐Hispanic White, Hispanic, Asian, or Ashkenazi Jewish. The number of first‐ and second‐degree relatives was calculated for each pedigree, and the total number of relatives reported with cancer. The total reported with cancer was divided by total number of relatives to derive a percentage of cancer reporting for each pedigree. The percentages of cancer reporting were analyzed using column proportions, nonparametric tests, and a Poisson regression. Cancer reporting in first‐ and second‐degree relatives was highest among non‐Hispanic Whites and Ashkenazi Jewish individuals, with median percentages of 22% and 27%, respectively. The median percentage of cancer reporting in first‐ and second‐degree relatives in both Hispanics and Asians was 10%. Cancer reporting medians were significantly lower in Hispanics and Asians when compared to non‐Hispanic Whites and Ashkenazi Jewish individuals (p < .001). Ethnicity was a significant factor for predicting the number of relatives reported to have cancer when analyzed with a Poisson regression. This study concluded that cancer is reported less frequently in families when the proband and their families are Hispanic or Asian. Hispanics and Asians have lower cancer incidence rates; however, incidence rates alone may not explain the reporting disparity observed. Hence, family cancer histories in minority populations may be truncated. Healthcare professionals should be aware of this disparity when assessing cancer risks so appropriate modifications can be made accordingly for recommended cancer screening and/or cancer genetic testing. Further efforts are warranted to disseminate information to minority populations about the value of family health history regarding cancer risk assessment.
A novel UBE2A mutation in a Chinese family with X‐linked intellectual disability
Authors: Jia Weimin , Hu Qi , Wu Yanling , Wang Jiarui , Liu Zhenxing , Zhang Xianqin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundX‐linked intellectual disability type Nascimento, also known as UBE2A deficiency syndrome, is an intellectual disability syndrome characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features, speech impairment, genital anomalies and skin abnormalities. The syndrome is caused by mutations of the UBE2A gene, or larger deletions of Xq24 encompassing UBE2A.MethodsWe report the case of a 19‐year‐old male with UBE2A deficiency syndrome, who showed severe intellectual disability and seizures. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were used to identify the disease‐causing mutations in this patient.ResultsA novel hemizygous missense UBE2A mutation (c.TAT245TGT, p.Tyr82Cys) was identified in our patient. The heterozygous missense UBE2A mutation was identified in his mother, although not in his father or sister.ConclusionsThe present study identified a novel UBE2A mutation in a patient with severe intellectual disability and seizures. Our findings expand the mutational spectrum of the UBE2A gene.
Deep Learning Based on MRI for Differentiation of Low‐ and High‐Grade in Low‐Stage Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Yijun , Chang Marcello , Wang Robin , Xi Ianto Lin , Chang Ken , Huang Raymond Y , Vallières Martin , Habibollahi Peiman , Dagli Mandeep S. , Palmer Matthew , Zhang Paul J. , Silva Alvin C. , Yang Li , Soulen Michael C. , Zhang Zishu , Bai Harrison X. , Stavropoulos S. William 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundPretreatment determination of renal cell carcinoma aggressiveness may help to guide clinical decision‐making.PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy of residual convolutional neural network using routine MRI in differentiating low‐grade (grade I–II) from high‐grade (grade III–IV) in stage I and II renal cell carcinoma.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 376 patients with 430 renal cell carcinoma lesions from 2008–2019 in a multicenter cohort were acquired. The 353 Fuhrman‐graded renal cell carcinomas were divided into a training, validation, and test set with a 7:2:1 split. The 77 WHO/ISUP graded renal cell carcinomas were used as a separate WHO/ISUP test set.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T and 3.0T/T2‐weighted and T1 contrast‐enhanced sequences.AssessmentThe accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the final model were assessed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and precision‐recall curve were plotted to measure the performance of the binary classifier. A confusion matrix was drawn to show the true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative of the model.Statistical TestsMann–Whitney U‐test for continuous data and the chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical data were used to compare the difference of clinicopathologic characteristics between the low‐ and high‐grade groups. The adjusted Wald method was used to calculate the 95% confidence interval (CI) of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.ResultsThe final deep‐learning model achieved a test accuracy of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.73–0.96), sensitivity of 0.89 (95% CI: 0.74–0.96), and specificity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.73–0.96) in the Fuhrman test set and a test accuracy of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73–0.90), sensitivity of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84–0.97), and specificity of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.68–0.86) in the WHO/ISUP test set.Data ConclusionDeep learning can noninvasively predict the histological grade of stage I and II renal cell carcinoma using conventional MRI in a multiinstitutional dataset with high accuracy.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage2
Simultaneous Mapping of T1 and T2 Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting in a Cohort of Healthy Subjects at 1.5T
Authors: Hamilton Jesse I. , Pahwa Shivani , Adedigba Joseph , Frankel Samuel , O'Connor Gregory , Thomas Rahul , Walker Jonathan R. , Killinc Ozden , Lo Wei‐Ching , Batesole Joshua , Margevicius Seunghee , Griswold Mark , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Gulani Vikas , Seiberlich Nicole 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundCardiac MR fingerprinting (cMRF) is a novel technique for simultaneous T1 and T2 mapping.PurposeTo compare T1/T2 measurements, repeatability, and map quality between cMRF and standard mapping techniques in healthy subjects.Study TypeProspective.PopulationIn all, 58 subjects (ages 18–60).Field Strength/SequencecMRF, modified Look–Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI), and T2‐prepared balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) at 1.5T.AssessmentT1/T2 values were measured in 16 myocardial segments at apical, medial, and basal slice positions. Test–retest and intrareader repeatability were assessed for the medial slice. cMRF and conventional mapping sequences were compared using ordinal and two alternative forced choice (2AFC) ratings.Statistical TestsPaired t‐tests, Bland–Altman analyses, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), linear regression, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and binomial tests.ResultsAverage T1 measurements were: basal 1007.4±96.5 msec (cMRF), 990.0±45.3 msec (MOLLI); medial 995.0±101.7 msec (cMRF), 995.6±59.7 msec (MOLLI); apical 1006.6±111.2 msec (cMRF); and 981.6±87.6 msec (MOLLI). Average T2 measurements were: basal 40.9±7.0 msec (cMRF), 46.1±3.5 msec (bSSFP); medial 41.0±6.4 msec (cMRF), 47.4±4.1 msec (bSSFP); apical 43.5±6.7 msec (cMRF), 48.0±4.0 msec (bSSFP). A statistically significant bias (cMRF T1 larger than MOLLI T1) was observed in basal (17.4 msec) and apical (25.0 msec) slices. For T2, a statistically significant bias (cMRF lower than bSSFP) was observed for basal (–5.2 msec), medial (–6.3 msec), and apical (–4.5 msec) slices. Precision was lower for cMRF—the average of the standard deviation measured within each slice was 102 msec for cMRF vs. 61 msec for MOLLI T1, and 6.4 msec for cMRF vs. 4.0 msec for bSSFP T2. cMRF and conventional techniques had similar test–retest repeatability as quantified by ICC (0.87 cMRF vs. 0.84 MOLLI for T1; 0.85 cMRF vs. 0.85 bSSFP for T2). In the ordinal image quality comparison, cMRF maps scored higher than conventional sequences for both T1 (all five features) and T2 (four features).Data ConclusionThis work reports on myocardial T1/T2 measurements in healthy subjects using cMRF and standard mapping sequences. cMRF had slightly lower precision, similar test–retest and intrareader repeatability, and higher scores for map quality.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:1044–1052.
Organ‐protective effect of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 and its effect on the prognosis of COVID‐19
Authors: Cheng Hao , Wang Yan , Wang Gui‐Qiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article reviews the correlation between angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and severe risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and the possible mechanisms. ACE2 is a crucial component of the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS). The classical RAS ACE‐Ang II‐AT1R regulatory axis and the ACE2‐Ang 1‐7‐MasR counter‐regulatory axis play an essential role in maintaining homeostasis in humans. ACE2 is widely distributed in the heart, kidneys, lungs, and testes. ACE2 antagonizes the activation of the classical RAS system and protects against organ damage, protecting against hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Similar to SARS‐CoV, SARS‐CoV‐2 also uses the ACE2 receptor to invade human alveolar epithelial cells. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a clinical high‐mortality disease, and ACE2 has a protective effect on this type of acute lung injury. Current research shows that the poor prognosis of patients with COVID‐19 is related to factors such as sex (male), age (>60 years), underlying diseases (hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease), secondary ARDS, and other relevant factors. Because of these protective effects of ACE2 on chronic underlying diseases and ARDS, the development of spike protein‐based vaccine and drugs enhancing ACE2 activity may become one of the most promising approaches for the treatment of COVID‐19 in the future.
The effect of bilateral cardiac sympathetic denervation for refractory ventricular tachycardia in ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Miki Yuko , Sasaki Takehito , Okazaki Yoshinori , Inoue Mitsuho , Niijima Katsura , Motoda Hiroyuki , Take Yutaka , Minami Kentaro , Niwamae Nogiku , Kamiyoshihara Mitsuhiro , Nakamura Kohki , Naito Shigeto 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecent studies have shown that cardiac sympathetic denervation (CSD) is effective in the treatment of refractory ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with structural heart disease. This case report aimed to highlight the effect of bilateral CSD in suppressing treatment‐resistant ventricular tachycardia in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Meniscus tears accelerate joint space loss and lateral meniscal extrusion increases risk of knee arthroplasty in middle‐aged adults
Authors: Everhart Joshua S. , Magnussen Robert A. , Abouljoud Moneer M. , Regalado Luis E. , Kaeding Christopher C. , Flanigan David C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe sought to use publicly available data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), a multicenter prospective cohort study, to determine the rate of joint space loss and likelihood of knee arthroplasty due to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐diagnosed meniscal tears or meniscal extrusion in middle‐aged adults with no to mild knee osteoarthritis. Participants (n = 2199; mean age, 60.2 years) with Kellgren‐Lawrence osteoarthritis grades 2 (mild) (48.7%) or 0 to 1 (none) (51.3%) underwent knee MRIs at enrollment and were followed radiographically for 8 years and for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for 9 years. Rate of joint space loss and risk of arthroplasty due to meniscal tears and/or extrusion were determined by multivariate modeling. Prevalence of baseline medial meniscus tears was 21.3% and lateral tears was 12.8%; 26.9% had medial meniscal extrusion (79.6%, <2 mm; 20.4%, +2 mm) and 5.4% had lateral extrusion (75.9%, <2 mm; 24.1%, +2 mm). Median medial joint space loss was 0.06 mm/y and lateral was 0.05 mm/y. Medial tears regardless of extrusion were associated with accelerated medial joint space loss (additional mean, 0.05 mm/y; P = .001). Lateral tears were associated with accelerated lateral joint space loss (additional 0.09 mm/y; P < .001) as was lateral extrusion (additional 0.10 mm/y; P < .001). The yearly incidence of knee arthroplasty was 0.5% without lateral extrusion, 1.5% with extrusion less than 2.0 mm, and 3.7% with extrusion greater than or equal to 2.0 mm. Both medial and lateral tears accelerate joint space loss in middle‐aged adults. Lateral meniscal extrusion further accelerates joint space loss and increases risk of progression to TKA within 9 years.
Composite score for prediction of 30‐day orthopedic surgery outcomes
Authors: Caplan Ian F. , Winter Eric , Glauser Gregory , Goodrich Stephen , McClintock Scott D. , Hume Eric L. , Malhotra Neil R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe LACE+ (Length of stay, Acuity of admission, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, and Emergency department visits in the past 6 months) risk‐prediction tool has never been tested in an orthopedic surgery population. LACE+ may help physicians more effectively identify and support high‐risk orthopedics patients after hospital discharge. LACE+ scores were retrospectively calculated for all consecutive orthopedic surgery patients (n = 18 893) at a multi‐center health system over 3 years (2016‐2018). Coarsened exact matching was employed to create “matched” study groups with different LACE+ score quartiles (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4). Outcomes were compared between quartiles. In all, 1444 patients were matched between Q1 and Q4 (n = 2888); 2079 patients between Q2 and Q4 (n = 4158); 3032 patients between Q3 and Q4 (n = 6064). Higher LACE+ scores significantly predicted 30D readmission risk for Q4 vs Q1 and Q4 vs Q3 (P < .001). Larger LACE+ scores also significantly predicted 30D risk of ED visits for Q4 vs Q1, Q4 vs Q2, and Q4 vs Q3 (P < .001). Increased LACE+ score also significantly predicted 30D risk of reoperation for Q4 vs Q1 (P = .018), Q4 vs Q2 (P < .001), and Q4 vs Q3 (P < .001).
Psychological functioning, coping styles and their relationship to appraisal of physical limitations following invasive surgical procedures for soft‐tissue sarcoma: A qualitative study
Authors: Košir Urška , Denis‐Larocque Gabrielle , Tsimicalis Argerie , Freeman Carolyn , Turcotte Robert E. , Cury Fabio , Alcindor Thierry , Goulding Krista 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study explored psychological functioning and coping styles in adult patients with soft‐tissue sarcoma who underwent surgical procedures in a single expert sarcoma medical center in Canada.MethodsThis is a qualitative study with three formats of data collection. The interview guide was based on theoretical health‐related quality of life model. We began the investigation with 2 online and 2 in‐person focus groups. Four individual semistructured interviews were added to further explore emerging themes. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic networks approach.ResultsTwenty‐eight adults (13 female, 24‐75 years of age) participated. In the domain of psychological functioning we identified three main themes; changes in mood, worry, and body image concerns. In the domain of coping styles, we identified four adaptive coping styles; positive reframing and optimism, finding a purpose, being proactive, and using humor. Among the maladaptive coping styles, we found passive acceptance, and avoidance and denial.ConclusionsPsychological well‐being can be contingent on physical functioning and coping styles in adults with soft‐tissue sarcoma. Both psychological and physical function impact quality of life. Patients with more physical limitations, psychological distress and maladaptive coping styles should be monitored for their well‐being.
Effect of co‐administration of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil on pharmacokinetic fate of xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, and byakangelicin from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix in rat
Authors: Shi Baimei , Liu Jianghong , Zhang Qian , Wang Shixiang , Jia Pu , Bian Liujiao , Zheng Xiaohui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA combination of Angelicae Dahuricae Radix and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma has been widely used as the herb pair in traditional Chinese medicine to treat stroke, migraine, and epilepsy. However, the underlying synergistic mechanism of the herb pair remains unknown. This study was aimed at investigating the effects of Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil on the pharmacokinetic parameters of xanthotoxol, oxypeucedanin hydrate, and byakangelicin from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix in rat, and in vitro absorption behavior of the three compounds using rat everted gut sac, in situ single‐pass intestinal perfusion, and Caco‐2 cell monolayer models. The pharmacokinetic study exhibited clear changes in the key pharmacokinetic parameters of the three main coumarins through co‐administering with Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil (50 mg/kg), the area under curve and the maximum plasma concentration of xanthotoxol increased 1.36 and 1.31 times; the area under curve, the maximum plasma concentration, mean residence time, half‐life of elimination, and the time to reach peak concentration of oxypeucedanin hydrate increased by 1.35, 1.18, 1.24, 1.19 and 1.49 times, respectively; the area under curve, mean residence time, half‐life of elimination, and time to reach peak concentration of byakangelicin climbed 1.29, 1.27, 1.37, and 1.28 times, respectively. The three coumarin components were absorbed well in the jejunum and ileum in the intestinal perfusion model, when co‐administered with Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil (100 μg/mL). The in vivo and in vitro experiments showed good relevance and consistency. The results demonstrated that the three coumarin compounds from Angelicae Dahuricae Radix were absorbed through the active transportation, and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma volatile oil could promote the intestinal absorption and transport of these compounds by inhibiting P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp)‐mediated efflux.
Investigating Facial Nerve Stimulation After Cochlear Implantation in Adult and Pediatric Recipients
Authors: Alzhrani Farid , Halawani Roa , Basodan Sundus , Hudeib Rawan 
Published: March 2020

Objectives/HypothesisFacial nerve stimulation (FNS) can occur after cochlear implantation for a small number of recipients. This study aimed to investigate if a correlation exists between the variables involved in FNS.Study DesignRetrospective cohort review.MethodsThere were 32 out of 1,100 cochlear implant recipients who experienced FNS in our clinic between 2010 and 2019. The following variables were recorded from a retrospective chart review: grade of FNS, onset of FNS, the number of channels stimulating FNS, and radiological findings of abnormalities in the inner ear. Statistical analyses were performed to identify a correlation between any of the variables involved. The techniques used to reduce FNS were analyzed.ResultsEleven adult ears had progressive hearing loss, three had idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), and one congenital SNHL. All pediatric ears were diagnosed with congenital SNHL, except for one ear with idiopathic sudden SNHL. The grade of FNS ranged from mild stimulation or slight motion in the eye, mouth, nasolabial, or forehead regions (n = 8) to total severe stimulation of the facial musculature and/or severe pain (n = 3). The onset of FNS occurred immediately after activation for nine ears, and up to 16 months later for the other subjects. A significant correlation was observed between the number of channels stimulating FNS, the grade of FNS, and the radiological findings of the inner ear. FNS was completely resolved for 30 ears and partially resolved for two ears.ConclusionsFNS can occur any time after cochlear implantation and can affect both adult and pediatric. However, it can be effectively resolved using specific fitting techniques.Level of Evidence2c Laryngoscope, 131:374–379, 2021