bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Adverse Impact of Transfusion After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Zimarino Marco , Barbanti Marco , Dangas George D. , Testa Luca , Capodanno Davide , Stefanini Giulio G. , Radico Francesco , Marchioni Michele , Amat-Santos Ignacio , Piva Tommaso , Saia Francesco , Reimers Bernhard , De Innocentiis Carlo , Picchi Andrea , Toro Alessandro , Rodriguez-Gabella Tania , Nicolini Elisa , Moretti Carolina , Gallina Sabina , Maddestra Nicola , Bedogni Francesco , Tamburino Corrado 
Published: December 2020

Background:
There is no consensus on the benefit of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Methods:
The multicenter Transfusion Requirements in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TRITAVI) registry retrospectively included patients after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement; propensity score-matching identified pairs of patients with and without RBC transfusion. The primary end point was 30-day mortality; nonfatal myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and stage 2 to 3 acute kidney injury at 30 days were secondary end points. We repeated propensity score-matching according to the hemoglobin nadir, hemoglobin drop, and in the subgroup of uncomplicated patients, without major vascular complications or major bleeding.

Results:

Among 2587 patients, RBC transfusion was administered in 421 cases (16%). The primary end point occurred in 104 (4.0%) patients, myocardial infarction in 9 (0.4%), cerebrovascular accident in 38 (1.5%), and acute kidney injury in 125 (4.8%) cases. In the 842 propensity-matched patients, RBC transfusion was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio, 2.07 [95% CI, 1.06–4.05];
P
=0.034) and acute kidney injury (hazard ratio, 4.35 [95% CI, 2.21–8.55];
P
<0.001). Interaction testing between RBC transfusion and mortality was not statistically significant in the above-mentioned subgroups, and such association was not documented in the corresponding propensity score-matched cohorts. In the multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model, major vascular complications (
P
=0.044), major bleeding (
P
=0.041), and RBC transfusion (
P
=0.048) were independent correlates of 30-day mortality.

Conclusions:
RBC transfusion correlates with increased mortality and acute kidney injury early after transcatheter aortic valve replacement and is an independent predictor of 30-day mortality, irrespective of periprocedural major bleeding and vascular complications.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT03740425.
Association of Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis on Survival: 15‐Year Institutional Experience With 1561 Cases
Authors: Wells Philip S. , Theberge Isabel , Bowdridge Joshua , Kelly Erin , Kielar Ania , Forgie Melissa A , John Susan , van Walraven Carl 
Published: December 2020

Background
Previous studies regarding survival in patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) are limited. This study measured overall survival in a large cohort of SVTs through linkage to population‐based data.

Methods and Results
Using a previously derived text‐search algorithm, we screened the reports of all abdominal ultrasound and contrast‐enhanced computed tomography studies at The Ottawa Hospital over 14 years. Screen‐positive reports were manually reviewed by at least 2 authors to identify definite SVT cases by consensus. Images of uncertain studies were independently reviewed by 2 radiologists. One thousand five hundred sixty‐one adults with SVT (annual incidence ranging from 2.8 to 5.9 cases/10 000 patients) were linked with population‐based data sets to measure the presence of concomitant cancer and survival status. Thrombosis involved multiple veins in 314 patients (20.1%), most commonly the portal vein (n=1410, 90.3%). Compared with an age‐sex‐year matched population, patients with SVT had significantly reduced survival in particular with local cancer (adjusted relative excess risk for recent cases 12.0 [95% CI, 9.8–14.6] and for remote cases 9.7 [7.7–12.2]), distant cancer (relative excess risk for recent cases 5.7 [4.5–7.3] and for remote cases 5.4 [4.4–6.6]), cirrhosis (relative excess risk 8.2 [5.3–12.7]), and previous venous thromboembolism (relative excess risk 3.8 [2.4–6.0]). One hundred fifty (23.9%) of patients >65 years of age were anticoagulated within 1 month of diagnosis.

Conclusions
SVT is more common than expected. Most patients have cancer and the portal vein is by far the most common vein involved. Compared with the general population, patients with SVT had significantly reduced survival, particularly in patients with concomitant cancer, cirrhosis, and previous venous thromboembolic disease. Most elderly patients did not receive anticoagulant therapy.
Adiposity and Outcome After Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Liu Zuolu , Sanossian Nerses , Starkman Sidney , Avila-Rinek Gilda , Eckstein Marc , Sharma Latisha K. , Liebeskind David , Conwit Robin , Hamilton Scott , Saver Jeffrey L. ,   on behalf of the FAST-MAG Investigators and Coordinators
Published: December 2020

Background and Purpose:
A survival advantage among individuals with higher body mass index (BMI) has been observed for diverse acute illnesses, including stroke, and termed the obesity paradox. However, prior ischemic stroke studies have generally tested only for linear rather than nonlinear relations between body mass and outcome, and few studies have investigated poststroke functional outcomes in addition to mortality.

Methods:
We analyzed consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke enrolled in a 60-center acute treatment trial, the NIH FAST-MAG acute stroke trial. Outcomes at 3 months analyzed were (1) death; (2) disability or death (modified Rankin Scale score, 2–6); and (3) low stroke-related quality of life (Stroke Impact Scale<median). Relations with BMI were analyzed univariately and in multivariate models adjusting for 14 additional prognostic variables.

Results:

Among 1033 patients with acute ischemic stroke, average age was 71 years (±13), 45.1% female, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 10.6 (±8.3), and BMI 27.5 (±5.6). In both unadjusted and adjusted analysis, increasing BMI was linearly associated with improved 3-month survival (
P
=0.01) odds ratios in adjusted analysis for mortality declined across the BMI categories of underweight (odds ratio, 1.7 [CI, 0.6–4.9]), normal (odds ratio, 1), overweight (0.9 [CI, 0.5–1.4]), obese (0.5, [CI, 0.3–1.0]), and severely obese (0.4 [CI, 0.2–0.9]). In unadjusted analysis, increasing BMI showed a U-shaped relation to poststroke disability or death (modified Rankin Scale score, 2–6), with odds ratios of modified Rankin Scale score, 2 to 6 for underweight, overweight, and obese declined initially when compared with normal weight patients, but then increased again in severely obese patients, suggesting a U-shaped or J-shaped relation. After adjustment, including for baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, modified Rankin Scale score 2 to 6 was no longer related to adiposity.

Conclusions:
Mortality and functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke have disparate relations with patients’ adiposity. Higher BMI is linearly associated with increased survival; and BMI has a U-shaped or J-shaped relation to disability and stroke-related quality of life. Potential mechanisms including nutritional reserve aiding survival during recovery and greater frequency of atherosclerotic than thromboembolic infarcts in individuals with higher BMI.
Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Ruuskanen Jori O. , Kytö Ville , Posti Jussi P. , Rautava Päivi , Sipilä Jussi O.T. 
Published: December 2020

Background and Purpose:
Epidemiology of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) has been reported to be changing. Because long-term nationwide data are needed to confirm this, we studied CVT occurrence between 2005 and 2014 in Finland.

Methods:
All acute CVT admissions were retrieved from a mandatory registry covering mainland Finland. Patients aged ≥18 years were included. One admission per patient was allowed.

Results:
We identified 563 patients with CVT (56.5% women). Overall incidence was 1.32/100 000 (95% CI, 1.21–1.43) per year with a 5.0% annual increase. In people <55 years of age, incidence was 0.92/100 000 (0.76–1.10) for men and 1.65/100 000 (1.43–1.89) for women, whereas for those 55 years or older incidence was 1.61 (1.34–1.91) for men and 1.17 (0.96–1.41) for women. In-hospital mortality was 2.1% with no sex difference. One-year mortality was 7.9%. Long-term mortality was higher in men (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.61 [1.09–2.38]) and in older patients (1.95 [1.69–2.24]; per 10-year increment).

Conclusions:
Overall incidence of CVT in Finland was similar to that reported in the Netherlands and in Australia. There was a 5.0% yearly increase in the rate of admissions while in-hospital mortality was low. Sex-specific incidence rates differed markedly between younger and older people. Long-term mortality increased with age and was higher in men.
Medications as Traumatic Reminders in Patients With Stroke/Transient Ischemic Attack-Induced Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Liyanage-Don Nadia , Birk Jeffrey , Cornelius Talea , Sanchez Gabriel , Moise Nathalie , Edmondson Donald , Kronish Ian 
Published: December 2020

Background and Purpose:
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms are common after stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) and have been associated with medication nonadherence, potentially because medications serve as traumatic reminders of the prior stroke/TIA. This study examined associations between stroke/TIA-induced PTSD and aversive cognitions toward preventive medications.

Methods:
We enrolled a cohort of patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected stroke/TIA. One month posthospitalization, we assessed PTSD symptoms specific to the index stroke/TIA using the PTSD checklist specific and asked patients how often (1) did thinking about your stroke medication make you feel nervous or anxious?; (2) did thinking about your stroke medication make you think about your risk for future strokes?; and (3) did you skip or avoid taking your stroke medication so you would not have to think about your stroke? Logistic regression models tested the association between PTSD symptoms and each aversive cognition, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and depression.

Results:

Among 408 included patients, 11.0% had elevated PTSD symptoms. These patients were more likely to report that thinking about their stroke medication made them feel nervous or anxious (37.8% versus 9.9%,
P
<0.001) that thinking about their stroke medication made them think about their risk for future stroke/TIA (60.0% versus 24.0%,
P
<0.001), and that they skipped or avoided their stroke medication to not think about their prior stroke/TIA (11.1% versus 2.2%,
P
=0.009). In adjusted analyses, higher PTSD checklist specific scores were associated with increased nervousness/anxiety (odds ratio, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.18–1.50],
P
<0.001) and thoughts of future stroke (odds ratio, 1.27 [95% CI, 1.14–1.41],
P
<0.001), with a trend toward significance for skipping medications to avoid reminders of stroke (odds ratio, 1.20 [95% CI, 0.99–1.44],
P
=0.06).

Conclusions:
Medications may serve as traumatic reminders after stroke/TIA-induced PTSD, potentially leading to medication nonadherence.
Intracranial Aneurysms Are Associated With Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Kim Jae Ho , Kim Jin Woo , Song Suk-Won , Ahn Sung Jun , Park Mina , Park Sang Kyu , Suh Sang Hyun 
Published: December 2020

Background and Purpose:
The association between intracranial aneurysms (IAs) and Marfan syndrome (MFS) is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of IAs in patients with MFS using brain imaging and compare it with the general population.

Methods:
Between 2007 and 2020, 118 patients with confirmed MFS who underwent brain imaging were enrolled and classified into 2 groups; IA group versus non-IA. Demographic data were acquired from their medical records, including age, sex, comorbidities, and aortic diseases. Two readers reviewed all brain images independently regarding the presence, morphology, size, and location of IAs. All data were compared between both groups, and IA characteristics in MFS were analyzed using a database of controls with IAs.

Results:

The prevalence of IAs was 11.9% in patients with MFS. IA group were significantly older in age (44.6±12.1 years in IA versus 36.8±14.0 years in non-IA,
P
=0.039) and had female predominance (71.4% in IA versus 43.3% in non-IA,
P
=0.047). All IAs were unruptured, and there was no subarachnoid hemorrhage during the follow-up period (mean; 53.5±43.3 months). The mean diameter of IAs was significantly larger (4.23±1.80 mm in MFS versus 3.04±1.57 mm in control,
P
=0.004). IAs with MFS were frequently located in the vertebrobasilar artery (33.3% in MFS versus 2.1% in control,
P
=0.002) and more common in fusiform morphology (13.3% in MFS versus 1.1% in control,
P
=0.048).

Conclusions:
This large-cohort study demonstrated a high prevalence and differential features of IAs in MFS, which may support the association between IAs and MFS.
Invasive Monitoring of Intracranial Pressure After Decompressive Craniectomy in Malignant Stroke
Authors: Hernández-Durán Silvia , Meinen Leonie , Rohde Veit , von der Brelie Christian 
Published: December 2020

Background and Purpose:
The role of decompressive hemicraniectomy (DC) in malignant cerebral infarction (MCI) has clearly been established, but little is known about the course of intracranial pressure (ICP) in patients undergoing this surgical measure. In this study, we investigated the role of invasive ICP monitoring in patients after DC for MCI, postulating that postoperative ICP predicts mortality.

Methods:
In this retrospective observational study of MCI patients undergoing DC, ICP were recorded continuously in hourly intervals for the first 72 hours after DC. For every hour, mean ICP was calculated, pooling ICP of every patient. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed for hourly mean ICP. A subgroup analysis by age (≥60 years and <60 years) was also performed.

Results:
A total of 111 patients were analyzed, with 29% mortality rate in patients <60 years, and 41% in patients ≥60 years. A threshold of 10 mm Hg within the first 72 postoperative hours was a reliable predictor of mortality in MCI, with an acceptable sensitivity of 70% and high specificity of 97%. Established predictors of mortality failed to predict mortality.

Conclusions:
Our study suggests the need to reevaluate postoperative ICP after DC in MCI and calls for a redefinition of ICP thresholds in these patients to indicate further therapy.
Illusory Planes in Fred Sandback’s Sculpture
Authors: Verstegen Ian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA remarkable feature often noted of artist Fred Sandback’s string constructions: The geometrical forms he created with string have a strong planar feel. Phenomenologically, viewers perceive the spaces between the strings as planes with some substance. The illusion is amodally completed, as in the well-known Kanizsa triangle, by minimal prompts, but in three dimensions. Instead of creating an illusory figure, then, Sandback creates illusory planes. By noting how the constructions are like “impossible” figures, one can see how bottom-up and top-down effects combine to complicate the illusion, and the works become about the construction of space rather than its reification.
The Fifth Passover Cup and Magical Pairs: Isaac Baer Levinsohn and the Babylonian Talmud
Authors: Jacobi Leor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Fifth Passover Cup is mentioned in a textual variant of a baraita in Tractate Pesaḥim of the Babylonian Talmud (118a), attributed to Rabbi Ṭarfon and another anonymous Palestinian tanna. Scholars have demonstrated that the variant is primary in talmudic manuscripts and among the Babylonian Geonim. Following a nineteenth-century proposition of Isaac Baer Levinsohn, it is argued that the fifth cup was instituted in Babylonia due to concern for magical evil spirits aroused by even-numbered events [zugot]. Objections to Levinsohn’s theory can be allayed by critical source analysis: the Talmud’s attribution of the fifth cup to the Palestinian tanna Rabbi Ṭarfon in a baraita is pseudoepigraphic, based upon Rabbi Ṭarfon’s teaching regarding the recitation of Hallel ha-Gadol in Mishnah Ta‘anit 3:9. A special appendix is devoted to Levinsohn’s separate study on zugot in the ancient and medieval world.
Word Order and Agreement in Tagoi
Authors: Alamin Suzan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study provides a detailed description of word order types, agreement patterns and alternations found in Tagoi, a Kordofanian language traditionally spoken in South Kordofan. After a brief presentation of the language (section 1), the noun class system is introduced (section 2) and the word order and agreement patterns are examined at the noun phrase level (section 3). Section 4 gives information about the constituent order at clause and sentence level, while Section 5 summarizes the findings and conclusion of the paper. All in all, the paper aims at contributing to a better understanding of the grammar, structure and typological features of Tagoi.
Phloem development, growth markers, and sieve-tube longevity in two Neotropical trees
Authors: Angyalossy Veronica , Pace Marcelo R. , Marcati Carmen R. , Evert Ray F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study provides a detailed analysis of phloem anatomy, development, the formation of cell types, differentiation, and sieve-tube element’s longevity in two tropical arboreal species, Cedrela fissilis (Meliaceae, Rosid) and Citharexylum myrianthum (Verbenaceae, Asterid), growing in natural populations in the semi-deciduous Atlantic Rainforest. We periodically collected samples from the main stem at breast height (1.3 m), during both the dry and the wet seasons. Differences in the cells produced at these different seasons suggest that annual growth increments in the phloem are present in both species, marked by files of terminal narrow sieve-tube elements radially grouped in Cedrela fissilis, and in assemblages of narrow sieve tubes and axial parenchyma in Cytharexylum myrianthum, both appearing at the end of the wet season. In Cedrela fissilis, where fiber bands are present, each fiber band marks the end of the early phloem, acting as an indirect annual growth ring marker. Sieve-tube element longevity varied for both species from 4–26 months, a result similar to that obtained in temperate species.
A History of the Muslim World Manuscript Collection at the Columbia University Libraries
Authors: Chebaro Kaoukab , Siegel Jane Rodgers 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this article, we explore the history of the development of the Islamicate manuscript collection at the Columbia University Libraries (approximately 575 manuscripts across a wide range of languages, subjects, and periods). The story of the collection is one of checkered growth and engagement, and of serendipitous development. We focus on the key actors responsible for collecting activities, mainly donors and faculty, and provide biographical information as well as details regarding the specific contributions made. Three broad phases of development are identified: the birth of the collection (1880–1930); a period of growth: the Smith-Plimpton Islamic science manuscripts (1930–1950); Arthur Jeffery, the Burke Collection and the last gasp of orientalist philological research at Columbia (1950–1970). We try to account for the ebb and flow of interest in the collection within the larger scholarly context of Islamic and Near Eastern studies in the city and at the University.
World Cinema, Third Cinema
Authors: Mazierska Ewa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article examines the term ‘World Cinema’ by comparing it to ‘world literature’, as understood by two German thinkers of the Romantic period: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Karl Marx, who attributed universal appeal to it. It argues that World cinema, like world literature, testifies to the unequal distribution of economic and cultural power. World Cinema refers to cinemas of peripheries, cinematic production of ‘developing’ or Third World countries or non-Hollywood. Moreover, it does not encompass everything which is produced in the peripheries, but only that part, which lends itself to the gaze of (broadly understood) western scholars. Inevitably, such gaze privileges ‘canonical works’, which have already received national recognition and which due to their subjects, forms or ideologies, align themselves with the production in the centre. However, there are also films created in the peripheries which transcended national boundaries despite being openly local and even hostile to the idea of competing with other films on the global market, especially films made in Hollywood or modelled on Hollywood, such as Third Cinema, whose analysis concludes the discussion.
On the Development and Demise of the Fall 2019 Southeast U.S. Flash Drought: Links to an Extreme Positive IOD
Authors: Schubert Siegfried D. , Chang Yehui , DeAngelis Anthony M. , Wang Hailan , Koster Randal D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMuch of the southeast United States experienced record dry conditions during September of 2019, with the area in abnormally dry to exceptional drought conditions growing from 25% at the beginning of the month to 80% by the end of the month. The drought ended just as abruptly due to above-normal rain that fell during the second half of October. In this study we employed MERRA-2 and the GEOS-5 AGCM to diagnose the underlying causes of the drought’s onset, maintenance, and demise. The basic approach involves performing a series of AGCM simulations in which the model is constrained to remain close to MERRA-2 over prespecified areas that are external to the drought region. The start of the drought appears to have been forced by anomalous heating in the central/western tropical Pacific that resulted in low-level anticyclonic flow and a tendency for descending motion over much of the Southeast. An anomalous ridge associated with a Rossby wave train (emanating from the Indian Ocean region) is found to be the main source of the most intense temperature and precipitation anomalies that develop over the Southeast during the last week of September. A second Rossby wave train (emanating from the same region) is responsible for the substantial rain that fell during the second half of October to end the drought. The links to the Indian Ocean dipole (with record positive values) as well as a waning El Niño allow some speculation as to the likelihood of similar events occurring in the future.