bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensive pulmonary metastases in young boy with primary cardiac angiosarcoma: a case report
Authors: van Wyk Gerhard , Weich Hellmuth , Joubert Zirkia , de Jager Louis Johann , McCree Kevin , John Thadathilankal-Jess 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Malignant primary cardiac neoplasms are rare and primary cardiac angiosarcoma is the most common and aggressive subtype. It most commonly presents in middle-aged males and due to its non-specific clinical presentation, the diagnosis is often delayed until advanced disease is already present. Clinical presentation is determined by manifestations of local infiltration or metastatic disease and making an early diagnosis is extremely challenging.

Case summary
A 15-year-old previously healthy boy was admitted to the emergency department with a history of pathological weight loss and functional decline. The patient was found to have a left-sided pneumothorax as well as bilateral diffusely spread pulmonary nodules on plain chest radiograph. Computed tomography chest confirmed widespread pulmonary metastases and a right atrial filling defect. Echocardiography revealed a right atrial tumour and transvenous endomyocardial biopsy of the tumour was done under fluoroscopic and echocardiographic guidance. A diagnosis of primary cardiac angiosarcoma was made. The patient demised shortly after presentation.

Discussion
Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is rare and even more so in patients as young as the case described. The diagnostic process poses several challenges to the clinician, of which the obtaining of a histological sample is one. This case report demonstrates aspects both unique and typical of this rare disease. It also describes an effective option for obtaining tissue for a histological diagnosis in patients whose clinical condition may not allow biopsy under general anaesthesia.
Effusive-constrictive cholesterol pericarditis: a case report
Authors: Shergill Simran , Davies James , Cairns Naomi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Cholesterol pericarditis (CP) remains a rare pericardial disease characterized by chronic pericardial effusions with high cholesterol concentrations with or without the formation of cholesterol crystals. Effusions are often large and can cause ventricular compression and subsequent pericardial adhesion formation. CP can be idiopathic but has associations with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), tuberculosis and hypothyroidism.

Case summary
We present a case of a 72-year-old male with a background of seropositive RA with a finding of an incidental pericardial effusion on computed tomography thorax abdomen and pelvis. Transthoracic echocardiogram demonstrated a large effusion with echocardiographic features of tamponade. On review, he was breathless with a raised venous pressure, bilateral ankle oedema, and pulsus paradoxus was present. Pericardial drainage was performed with fluid analysis demonstrating a cholesterol concentration of 8.3 mmol/L and numerous cholesterol crystal formation. Interval imaging demonstrated recurrence of the effusion with pericardial thickening and progressive constriction. He remained asymptomatic and underwent a successful pericardial window. At present, he is under close clinical outpatient surveillance with symptoms guiding a future pericardiectomy if warranted.

Discussion
CP can present as an emergent situation with signs and symptoms of acute heart failure with prompt pericardiocentesis required in cases of clinical tamponade. However, the disease course is often one of chronicity with relapsing large effusions that tend to recur following drainage, with the development of pericardial constriction necessitating pericardiectomy for definitive management.
Mapping the literature on primary care research reporting: a scoping review
Authors: Phillips William R , Louden Diana Nelson , Sturgiss Elizabeth 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite broad efforts to improve the reporting of biomedical research, no reporting guideline exists for primary care (PC) research. Little is known about current reporting practices or how well reports meet the needs of varied users in PC.

Objective
To map the published literature on PC research reporting: quality, strengths and weaknesses, recommendations and efforts to improve reporting.

Methods
Scoping review of literature across seven major databases and search engines to identify all articles on PC research reporting published in English, 2000–20. An additional secondary search of references of these 25 articles and consideration of expert panel suggestions. Structured data extraction by multiple reviewers using a predetermined form.

Results
Search yielded 2847 unique titles, of which 126 underwent full-text review and 25 met inclusion criteria. Publications included opinion pieces (9), systematic reviews (5), methods articles (2), literature reviews (4), qualitative studies (4) and surveys (1). Studies focussed on a variety of topics and research methods. All publications identified the need for improved reporting and recommended items to include in reports. Most commonly, publications cited the need for more detailed reporting on the context of study interventions, clinical settings and health care systems. Most publications endorsed the use of reporting guidelines and recognized the unique needs of PC research reporting.

Conclusions
Published research and opinion identify unique needs for PC research reports and support new guidance to improve the validity, generalizability and application of study findings.
Food grade zinc oxide bulk particle composite can replace the toxic zinc oxide nano composite towards the control of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria
Authors: Visnuvinayagam S , Murthy L N , Parvathy U , Jeyakumari A , Sivaraman G K , Karthikeyan D 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTZnO-Nanoparticle-Chitosan (ZnO-NP-CH) composite has potential biomedical and food applications due to its better antimicrobial activity. However, the presence of nano-metal-oxide in the composite makes the material unsuitable for any food applications. Moreover, the cost involved in the preparation of Zinc Oxide-Nano-Particle (ZnO-NP) is a major limitation for commercial food applications. Hence a suitable alternative for ZnO-NP is highly needed for food application. Since ZnO-Bulk Particles (ZnO-BP) are food grade and there is no study on the composite prepared from ZnO-Bulk Particle-Chitosan (ZnO-BP-CH), in the present study, antimicrobial activity was assessed for ZnO-BP-CH and compared with ZnO-NP-CH. Based on the study, it was observed that in the individual form of ZnO-NP possessed significantly higher antimicrobial activity than ZnO-BP. The composite form of ZnO-NP-CH and ZnO-BP-CH possessed higher antimicrobial activity than chitosan. However, no significant difference was observed between the composite forms. Hence, ZnO-BP-CH could be recommended as a suitable alternative to ZnO-NP-CH for future studies related to chitosan with ZnO composite to avoid costly nanomaterials preparation.
Deformed wing virus: using reverse genetics to tackle unanswered questions about the most important viral pathogen of honey bees
Authors: Woodford Luke , Evans David J 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTDeformed wing virus (DWV) is the most important viral pathogen of honey bees. It usually causes asymptomatic infections but, when vectored by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, it is responsible for the majority of overwintering colony losses globally. Although DWV was discovered four decades ago, research has been hampered by the absence of an in vitro cell culture system or the ability to culture pure stocks of the virus. The recent developments of reverse genetic systems for DWV go some way to addressing these limitations. They will allow the investigation of specific questions about strain variation, host tropism and pathogenesis to be answered, and are already being exploited to study tissue tropism and replication in Varroa and non-Apis pollinators. Three areas neatly illustrate the advances possible with reverse genetic approaches: (i) strain variation and recombination, in which reverse genetics has highlighted similarities rather than differences between virus strains; (ii) analysis of replication kinetics in both honey bees and Varroa, in studies that likely explain the near clonality of virus populations often reported; and (iii) pathogen spillover to non-Apis pollinators, using genetically tagged viruses to accurately monitor replication and infection.
Cognitive Processing Speed Is Strongly Related to Driving Skills, Financial Abilities, and Other Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Persons With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia
Authors: Wadley Virginia G , Bull Tyler P , Zhang Yue , Barba Cheyanne , Bryan R Nick , Crowe Michael , Desiderio Lisa , Deutsch Georg , Erus Guray , Geldmacher David S , Go Rodney , Lassen-Greene Caroline L , Mamaeva Olga A , Marson Daniel C , McLaughlin Marianne , Nasrallah Ilya M , Owsley Cynthia , Passler Jesse , Perry Rodney T , Pilonieta Giovanna , Steward Kayla A , Kennedy Richard E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Cognitive processing speed is important for performing everyday activities in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, its role in daily function has not been examined while simultaneously accounting for contributions of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk biomarkers. We examine the relationships of processing speed and genetic and neuroimaging biomarkers to composites of daily function, mobility, and driving.

Method
We used baseline data from 103 participants on the MCI/mild dementia spectrum from the Applying Programs to Preserve Skills trial. Linear regression models examined relationships of processing speed, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and genetic risk alleles for AD to composites of performance-based instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), community mobility, and on-road driving evaluations.

Results
In multivariable models, processing speed and the brain MRI neurodegeneration biomarker Spatial Pattern of Abnormality for Recognition of Early Alzheimer’s disease (SPARE-AD) were significantly associated with functional and mobility composite performance. Better processing speed and younger age were associated with on-road driving ratings. Genetic risk markers, left hippocampal atrophy, and white matter lesion volumes were not significant correlates of these abilities. Processing speed had a strong positive association with IADL function (p &lt; .001), mobility (p &lt; .001), and driving (p = .002).

Conclusions
Cognitive processing speed is strongly and consistently associated with critical daily functions in persons with MCI in models including genetic and neuroimaging biomarkers of AD risk. SPARE-AD scores also significantly correlate with IADL performance and mobility. Results highlight the central role of processing speed in everyday task performance among persons with MCI/mild dementia.
The COVID-19 Pandemic and Psychosocial Outcomes Across Age Through the Stress and Coping Framework
Authors: Minahan Jillian , Falzarano Francesca , Yazdani Neshat , Siedlecki Karen L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The emergence of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the measures implemented to curb its spread may have deleterious effects on mental health. Older adults may be at increased risk for adverse psychosocial outcomes because opportunities to remain socially connected have diminished. Research is needed to better understand the impact of pandemic-related stress on mental health. The purpose of this study is 3-fold: (a) to examine the influences of COVID-19 pandemic-related stress on depression, anxiety, and loneliness; (b) to assess the mediating role of coping style and social support; and (c) to investigate whether these relationships vary across age.

Research Design and Methods
Participants (N = 1,318) aged 18–92 years completed an online survey assessing pandemic-related stress, mental health, social support, coping, and their experiences with social distancing, during the initial implementation of social distancing measures in the United States.

Results
Social support and coping style were found to relate to psychosocial outcomes. Avoidant coping was the strongest mediator of the relationship between pandemic-related stress and psychosocial outcomes, particularly depression. Avoidant coping more strongly mediated the relationship between stress and depression in younger adults compared to older adults.

Discussion and Implications
Results were consistent with the stress and coping framework and recent work highlighting older adults’ resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings highlight the associations between positive coping behaviors and psychosocial well-being and indicate that older adults may use unique adaptive mechanisms to preserve well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Licence Agreements and Insolvency Proceedings under Spanish Law
Authors: Martín Aresti Pilar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article analyses the impact of insolvency proceedings on licence agreements aimed at protecting intellectual property rights from the perspective of Spanish law. The article takes as its starting point the assumption that, if insolvency is declared, any licence agreements entered into by the debtor are subject to the principles and rules regulating insolvency proceedings, such principles and rules justifying exceptional legal solutions that diverge from those resulting from the application of the ordinary principles of contract law.
Bisphenol S is present in culture media used for ART and cell culture
Authors: Togola A , Desmarchais A , Téteau O , Vignault C , Maillard V , Buron C , Bristeau S , Guérif F , Binet A , Elis S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION
Do plastic laboratory consumables and cell culture media used in ART contain bisphenols?

SUMMARY ANSWER
The majority of human embryo culture media assessed contained bisphenol S close to the nanomolar concentration range, while no release of bisphenols by plastic consumables was detected under routine conditions.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
The deleterious effect of the endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) on female fertility raised concerns regarding ART outcome. BPA was detected neither in media nor in the majority of plastic consumables used in ART; however, it might have already been replaced by its structural analogs, including bisphenol S (BPS).

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
Seventeen plastic consumables and 18 cell culture and ART media were assessed for the presence of bisphenols.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Ten different bisphenols (bisphenol A, S, AF, AP, B, C, E, F, P and Z) were measured using an isotopic dilution according to an on-line solid phase extraction/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method.

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
While the plastic consumables did not release bisphenols under routine conditions, 16 of the 18 cell culture and ART media assessed contained BPS. Six media exhibited BPS concentrations higher than 1 nM and reached up to 6.7 nM (1693 ng/l).

LARGE SCALE DATA
N/A.

LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
Further studies are required to investigate a greater number of ART media to identify less potentially harmful ones, in terms of bisphenol content.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
As BPS has already been reported to impair oocyte quality at nanomolar concentrations, its presence in ART media, at a similar concentration range, could contribute to a decrease in the ART success rate. Thus far, there has been no regulation of these compounds in the ART context.

STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS
This study was financially supported by the ‘Centre-Val de Loire’ Region (Bemol project, APR IR 2017), INRAE, BRGM, the French National Research Agency (project ANR-18-CE34-0011-01 MAMBO) and the BioMedicine Agency (Project 18AMP006 FertiPhenol). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the reported research.
Expert opinion on using angler Smartphone apps to inform marine fisheries management: status, prospects, and needs
Authors: Skov Christian , Hyder Kieran , Gundelund Casper , Ahvonen Anssi , Baudrier Jérôme , Borch Trude , deCarvalho Sara , Erzini Karim , Ferter Keno , Grati Fabio , van derHammen Tessa , Hinriksson Jan , Houtman Rob , Kagervall Anders , Kapiris Kostas , Karlsson Martin , Lejk Adam M , Lyle Jeremy M , Martinez-Escauriaza Roi , Moilanen Pentti , Mugerza Estanis , Olesen Hans Jakob , Papadopoulos Anastasios , Pita Pablo , Pontes João , Radford Zachary , Radtke Krzysztof , Rangel Mafalda , Sagué Oscar , Sande Hege A , Strehlow Harry V , Tutiņš Rūdolfs , Veiga Pedro , Verleye Thomas , Vølstad Jon Helge , Watson Joseph W , Weltersbach Marc Simon , Ustups Didzis , Venturelli Paul A 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSmartphone applications (apps) that target recreational fishers are growing in abundance. These apps have the potential to provide data useful for management of recreational fisheries. We surveyed expert opinion in 20, mostly European, countries to assess the current and future status of app use in marine recreational fisheries. The survey revealed that a few countries already use app data to support existing data collection, and that this number is likely to increase within 5–10 years. The strongest barriers to use app data were a scarcity of useful apps and concern over data quality, especially biases due to the opt-in nature of app use. Experts generally agreed that apps were unlikely to be a “stand-alone” method, at least in the short term, but could be of immediate use as a novel approach to collect supporting data such as, fisheries-specific temporal and spatial distributions of fishing effort, and aspects of fisher behaviour. This survey highlighted the growing interest in app data among researchers and managers, but also the need for government agencies and other managers/researchers to coordinate their efforts with the support of survey statisticians to develop and assess apps in ways that will ensure standardisation, data quality, and utility.
Dynamic pricing in a two-class queueing system with arrival and service rate control
Authors: Ma Shuangfeng , Guo Wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Dynamic pricing in a two-class queueing system with adjustable arrival and service rates is considered. We initially take adjustable rates into account to maximize the long-run average social welfare and further establish matched dynamic prices. For the rate-setting problem, we apply sensitivity-based optimization theory and an iterative algorithm to investigate the optimal arrival and service rates of the two classes of customers. Next, we apply the results obtained from the rate-setting problem to find the expected delay time using a recursive algorithm and explicitly determine formulae for the optimal prices of the two classes of customers. Finally, we carry out numerical experiments to illustrate our findings and the performance between two classes of customers at different levels of the holding cost. It appears that for a low holding cost, the optimal prices for the two classes of customers are monotonically increasing in the number of customers regardless of the class, but for a high holding cost, the optimal prices for the customers who have low waiting cost may drop when the number of the other class rises.
Optimal sports betting strategies in practice: an experimental review
Authors: Matej Uhrín , Gustav Šourek , Ondřej Hubáček , Filip Železný 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We investigate the most popular approaches to the problem of sports betting investment based on modern portfolio theory and the Kelly criterion. We define the problem setting, the formal investment strategies and review their common modifications used in practice. The underlying purpose of the reviewed modifications is to mitigate the additional risk stemming from the unrealistic mathematical assumptions of the formal strategies. We test the resulting methods using a unified evaluation protocol for three sports: horse racing, basketball and soccer. The results show the practical necessity of the additional risk-control methods and demonstrate their individual benefits. Particularly, an adaptive variant of the popular ‘fractional Kelly’ method is a very suitable choice across a wide range of settings.
Stability of a non-local kinetic model for cell migration with density-dependent speed
Authors: Loy Nadia , Preziosi Luigi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to study the stability of a non-local kinetic model proposed by Loy & Preziosi (2020a) in which the cell speed is affected by the cell population density non-locally measured and weighted according to a sensing kernel in the direction of polarization and motion. We perform the analysis in a $d$-dimensional setting. We study the dispersion relation in the one-dimensional case and we show that the stability depends on two dimensionless parameters: the first one represents the stiffness of the system related to the cell turning rate, to the mean speed at equilibrium and to the sensing radius, while the second one relates to the derivative of the mean speed with respect to the density evaluated at the equilibrium. It is proved that for Dirac delta sensing kernels centered at a finite distance, corresponding to sensing limited to a given distance from the cell center, the homogeneous configuration is linearly unstable to short waves. On the other hand, for a uniform sensing kernel, corresponding to uniformly weighting the information collected up to a given distance, the most unstable wavelength is identified and consistently matches the numerical solution of the kinetic equation.
Twisting of affine algebraic groups, II
Authors: Gelaki Shlomo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We use [11] to study the algebra structure of twisted cotriangular Hopf algebras ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}$, where $J$ is a Hopf $2$-cocycle for a connected nilpotent algebraic group $G$ over $\mathbb{C}$. In particular, we show that ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}$ is an affine Noetherian domain with Gelfand–Kirillov dimension $\dim (G)$, and that if $G$ is unipotent and $J$ is supported on $G$, then ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}\cong U({\mathfrak{g}})$ as algebras, where ${\mathfrak{g}}={\textrm{Lie}}(G)$. We also determine the finite dimensional irreducible representations of ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}$, by analyzing twisted function algebras on $(H,H)$-double cosets of the support $H\subset G$ of $J$. Finally, we work out several examples to illustrate our results.
Protection and Risk: Male and Female Genital Microbiota and Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Tuddenham Susan , Ravel Jacques , Marrazzo Jeanne M 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnique compositional and functional features of the cervicovaginal microbiota have been associated with protection against and risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI). In men, our knowledge of the interaction between the penile microbiota and STI is less developed. The current state of our understanding of these microbiota and their role in select STIs is briefly reviewed, along with strategies that leverage existing findings to manipulate genital microbiota and optimize protection against STIs. Finally, we focus on major research gaps and present a framework for future studies.