bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cementless vs Cemented Total Ankle Arthroplasty: A Prospective Comparison of the Laterally Placed Trabecular Metal Ankle
Authors: Younger Alastair S.E. , Usuelli Federico G. , Bohay Donald , Krause Fabian , Giza Eric , Patsalis Theo , Parekh Selene G. , Raikin Steve , Ellington Kent 
Published: October 2019

Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: The laterally placed trabecular metal ankle replacement is placed using a jig and a fibular osteotomy. The tibia and talus are reamed to match the curved contour of the replacement. Additional fixation is achieved using two rails on the tibial and talar component. Additional cement fixation can be used by a bead of cement on the rail to assist in early component fixation. Cement fixation did not cover the entire ingrowth surface but was only used on the rails as per the technique manual. The purpose of this study is to compare the early results of 113 total ankle replacements with and without rail cement. Methods: 121 patients were enrolled in a prospective study. 10 centers were involved. 3 patients underwent revision and 5 withdrew (1 death, 2 lost to follow up and 2 requested discontinuation). Patients were assigned cement or no cement based on the surgeons practice. EQ5D, AOFAS, AOS scores were obtained preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 6 months, and yearly thereafter. Revision of metal components for infection or loosening were secondary end points. Statistical significance was tested by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test 26 and set at p= 0.05. 95% confidence intervals are given. 59 ankles had cement, and 53 had press fit. The demographics showed the cement augmentation patients were heavier and older. The cement cases had longer surgical times (169 minutes, CI 159 to 179 vs 154, CI 144 to 163). Of 113 cases, 113 were followed at 1 year, and 100 at 2 years and 67 at 3 years. Results: The press fit components without cement showed statistically better outcomes at 6 weeks for the AOFAS score. The EQ5D favored the press fit component at 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year. For the AOS pain scale the 6 month results favored the press fit component, and for the difficulty scale the results favored the press fit components at 6 weeks and 1 year. Survivorship for all joint replacements (revision of metal components) was 96 percent for the total cohort, with 2 metal components in two ankles being revised, both in the cementless group (chi square not significant). Conclusion: As all outcomes to date favor press fit fixation there does not seem to be any need to augment fixation with cement in this total ankle design. There were two metal component revisions in the cementless group and one associated with loosening. There major are demographic differences between the groups and so an RCT would be required to correctly answer the question.
Minimum 2 Year Prospective Follow-Up on a Laterally Placed Trabecular Metal Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Younger Alastair S.E. , Usuelli Federico G. , Bohay Donald , Krause Fabian , Giza Eric , Patsalis Theo , Parekh Selene G. , Raikin Steve , Ellington Kent , Tiusanen Hannu 
Published: October 2019

Category: Ankle, Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: The laterally placed trabecular metal ankle replacement is placed using a jig and a fibular osteotomy. The tibia and talus are reamed to match the curved contour of the replacement. The lateral approach was advocated to reduce the wound complications of the anterior approach. Additional fixation is achieved using two rails on the tibial and talar component. This study outlines the outcomes of 121 ankles followed prospectively with minimum 2 years follow up. Methods: 121 total ankles were consented to enrollment in a prospective study on outcomes. 10 centers were involved in the prospective study. Enrollment was from 2014 to 2016. 3 patients underwent revision and 5 withdrew (1 death, 2 lost to follow up and 2 requested discontinuation). Demographics were obtained at baseline. The average age was 59.9 at the time of surgery. 48% were male and BMI averaged 29.2. 12.4% had inflammatory arthropathy. EQ5D, AOFAS, AOS scores were obtained preoperatively and at 6 weeks, 6 months, and yearly there after. Revision of metal components for infection or loosening were secondary end points. Statistical significance was tested by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test 26 and set at p= 0.05. 95% confidence intervals are given. Of 113 cases, 113 were followed at 6 weeks, 113 at 1 year, and 100 at 2 years and 67 at 3 years. Results: AOS Outcomes improved from 59.7 (SD 20.6) to 22 (SD 18) at 6 months, 18.6 (SD 19.6) at 1 year, 19.8 (SD 21) at 2 years and 21.3 (SD 25) at 3 years. AOFAS scores and EQ5 D scores showed similar improvements at all time points. The improvements were significant compared to baseline at all time points (see figure). Survivorship was .98 at 1 year (CI .92 to .99), and .96 at 2 and 3 years (CI .90 to .99). 3 components were revised, a tibial component (loosening), a talar component (instability), and a polyethylene liner (infection). Conclusion: The laterally placed trabecular metal total ankle arthroplasty has demonstrated reliable improvements in outcome and an excellent survivorship at minimum 2 years follow up. Longer term follow up and larger series will be required to clearly outline its outcome. This early outcome demonstrates very promising outcomes at 3 years and low revision rates.
Estimating Venous Thromboembolism Risk in Foot and Ankle Surgical Patients: A Base-Population Case-Control Study
Authors: Zambelli Roberto , Nemeth Banne , Touw Carolina , Rezende Suely , Cannegieter Suzanne 
Published: October 2019

Category: Complications Introduction/Purpose: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the leading cause of preventable hospital death. There are several risk factors for VTE of which orthopedic surgery is an important one. VTE risk is highest following major orthopedic surgery and therefore some form of prophylactic therapy is usually recommended here. In contrast, the risk for VTE following foot and ankle surgery is less clear and so are guidelines on VTE prophylaxis in these patients. The purpose is to estimate the risk of VTE and the duration of the increased risk period after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: Data from a large population-based case–control study (the Multiple Environmental and Genetic Assessment of risk factors for venous thrombosis [MEGA] study) on the etiology of venous thrombosis were used (5129 cases; 5882 controls). Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for age, sex and body mass index (ORadj) were calculated for patients undergoing any foot or ankle intervention before the index date (VTE date or control date). Results: 286 cases and 96 controls underwent any orthopedic intervention in the year before the index date for an ORadj of 3.7 (95%CI 2.9-4.8) The ORadj in the first 90-days was 11.4 (95%CI 7.3-17.7). 57 cases and 20 controls had a foot or ankle intervention in the year before the index date, resulting in a three-fold increased risk for VTE (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1,9-5.5). VTE risk was highest in the first 30 (ORadj 10.2,95%CI 3.0-33.9) and 90-days following surgery (ORadj 12.4, 95% CI 4.4-34.8). In 34 patients the surgery was trauma related while 43 patients underwent elective surgery. Traumatic surgery was associated with a higher risk compared with elective surgery for an OR of 13.9 (95%CI 1.8-108.4) and 8.3 (95%CI 1.9-36.9), respectively at 30-days. Conclusion: Foot and ankle procedures were associated with an increased VTE risk which was highest in the first 90-days following surgery. Trauma related surgery was associated with a higher VTE risk than elective surgery. These results are important to decide on thromboprophylactic measures following foot and ankle surgery.
Replication timing alterations in leukemia affect clinically relevant chromosome domains
Authors: Rivera-Mulia Juan Carlos , Sasaki Takayo , Trevilla-Garcia Claudia , Nakamichi Naoto , Knapp David J. H. F. , Hammond Colin A. , Chang Bill H. , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Devidas Meenakshi , Zimmerman Jared , Klein Kyle N. , Somasundaram Vivek , Druker Brian J. , Gruber Tanja A. , Koren Amnon , Eaves Connie J. , Gilbert David M. 
Published: October 2019

Key Points
DNA replication timing of >100 pediatric leukemic samples identified BCP-ALL subtype-specific genome alteration signatures. Comparative analyses identified features of specific stages of B-cell differentiation and potential associations with clinical outcome.
The fracture mechanism of softwood via hierarchical modelling analysis
Authors: Wang Dong , Lin Lanying , Fu Feng , Fan Mizi 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A hierarchical model of softwood was developed to effectively analyze stress concentration and predict initial fracture of the wood cell wall under different loading scenarios. The results indicated that the simulated stress concentration regions of the tracheid wall approximately matched the experimental initial fracture locations. The stress concentration and initial fracture of the tracheid wall under longitudinal tensile stress occurred in the S2 layer. In the cases of pure longitudinal–radial (LR) or longitudinal–tangential (LT) in-plane shear loading, the highest stresses are observed in the S1/S2 interface and the S3 layer, but the initial fractures of the tracheids of the neutral layer under the LR or LT shear stress only occurred in the S1/S2 interface. Furthermore, the tracheids of the tensile parts outermost of bending specimen were subjected to the longitudinal tension and shear coupling stresses that led to the two kinds of cracks occurring, including trumpet-shaped cracks in the S2 layer, and S1/S2 interface debonding.
Computational prediction of MoRFs based on protein sequences and minimax probability machine
Authors: He Hao , Zhao Jiaxiang , Sun Guiling 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Molecular recognition features (MoRFs) are one important type of disordered segments that can promote specific protein-protein interactions. They are located within longer intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), and undergo disorder-to-order transitions upon binding to their interaction partners. The functional importance of MoRFs and the limitation of experimental identification make it necessary to predict MoRFs accurately with computational methods.

Results
In this study, a new sequence-based method, named as MoRFMPM, is proposed for predicting MoRFs. MoRFMPM uses minimax probability machine (MPM) to predict MoRFs based on 16 features and 3 different windows, which neither relying on other predictors nor calculating the properties of the surrounding regions of MoRFs separately. Comparing with ANCHOR, MoRFpred and MoRFCHiBi on the same test sets, MoRFMPM not only obtains higher AUC, but also obtains higher TPR at low FPR.

Conclusions
The features used in MoRFMPM can effectively predict MoRFs, especially after preprocessing. Besides, MoRFMPM uses a linear classification algorithm and does not rely on results of other predictors which makes it accessible and repeatable.
Modeling allele-specific expression at the gene and SNP levels simultaneously by a Bayesian logistic mixed regression model
Authors: Xie Jing , Ji Tieming , Ferreira Marco A. R. , Li Yahan , Patel Bhaumik N. , Rivera Rocio M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
High-throughput sequencing experiments, which can determine allele origins, have been used to assess genome-wide allele-specific expression. Despite the amount of data generated from high-throughput experiments, statistical methods are often too simplistic to understand the complexity of gene expression. Specifically, existing methods do not test allele-specific expression (ASE) of a gene as a whole and variation in ASE within a gene across exons separately and simultaneously.

Results
We propose a generalized linear mixed model to close these gaps, incorporating variations due to genes, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and biological replicates. To improve reliability of statistical inferences, we assign priors on each effect in the model so that information is shared across genes in the entire genome. We utilize Bayesian model selection to test the hypothesis of ASE for each gene and variations across SNPs within a gene. We apply our method to four tissue types in a bovine study to de novo detect ASE genes in the bovine genome, and uncover intriguing predictions of regulatory ASEs across gene exons and across tissue types. We compared our method to competing approaches through simulation studies that mimicked the real datasets. The R package, BLMRM, that implements our proposed algorithm, is publicly available for download at https://github.com/JingXieMIZZOU/BLMRM.

Conclusions
We will show that the proposed method exhibits improved control of the false discovery rate and improved power over existing methods when SNP variation and biological variation are present. Besides, our method also maintains low computational requirements that allows for whole genome analysis.
Genomic characteristics and comparative genomics analysis of the endophytic fungus Sarocladium brachiariae
Authors: Yang Yang , Liu Xiaobao , Cai Jimiao , Chen Yipeng , Li Boxun , Guo Zhikai , Huang Guixiu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundSarocladium brachiariaeis a newly identified endophytic fungus isolated fromBrachiaria brizantha. A previous study indicated thatS. brachiariaehad antifungal activity; however, limited genomic information restrains further study. Therefore, we sequenced the genome ofS. brachiariaeand compared it with the genome ofS. oryzaeto identify differences between aSarocladiumplant pathogen and an endophyte.ResultsIn this study, we reported a gapless genome sequence of a newly identified endophytic fungusSarocladium brachiariaeisolated fromBrachiaria brizantha. The genome ofS. brachiariaeis 31.86 Mb, with a contig N50 of 3.27 Mb and 9903 protein coding genes. Phylogenomic analysis based on single copy orthologous genes provided insights into the evolutionary relationships ofS. brachiariaeand its closest species was identified asS. oryzae. Comparative genomics analysis revealed thatS. brachiariahas 14.9% more plant cell wall degradation related CAZymes toS. oryzae, and 33.3% more fungal cell wall degradation related CAZymes, which could explain the antifungal activity ofS. brachiaria. Based on Antibiotics & Secondary Metabolite Analysis Shell (antiSMASH) analysis, we identified a contact helvolic acid biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) for the first time inS. oryzae. However,S. brachiariahad seven fewer terpene gene clusters, including helvolic acid BGC, compared withS. oryzaeand this may be associated with adaptation to an endophytic lifestyle. Synteny analysis of polyketide synthases (PKS), non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), and hybrid (PKS-NRPS) gene clusters betweenS. brachiariaeandS. oryzaerevealed that just 37.5% of tested clusters have good synteny, while 63.5% have no or poor synteny. This indicated that theS. brachiariaecould potentially synthesize a variety of unknown-function secondary metabolites, which may play an important role in adaptation to its endophytic lifestyle and antifungal activity.ConclusionsThe data provided a better understanding of theSarocladium brachiariaegenome. Further comparative genomic analysis provided insight into the genomic basis of its endophytic lifestyle and antifungal activity.
Experiences of accreditation impact in general practice – a qualitative study among general practitioners and their staff
Authors: Kousgaard Marius Brostrøm , Thorsen Thorkil , Due Tina Drud 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Accreditation is a widespread tool for quality management in health care. However, there is lack of research on the impact of accreditation, particularly in general practice. This study explores how general practitioners and their staff experienced the impact of a mandatory accreditation program in Denmark.

Methods
Qualitative interviews with general practitioners and staff from 11 clinics. The respondents were interviewed twice: during preparation and after the survey visit. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, and all specific changes and other types of impact were extracted from the transcribed interview data from each clinic.

Results
The impact of accreditation varied markedly among the clinics as did the participants’ overall assessments of accreditation. Concerning specific changes in behavior and physical infrastructure, some clinics had only implemented a few minor changes in response to accreditation, some had made a relatively moderate number of changes, and a few clinics had made relatively many changes including a few pronounced ones. Further, some participants experienced that accreditation had enhanced knowledge sharing or upgraded competencies, and increased job satisfaction. However, the workload related to accreditation was emphasized as a problem by a majority of the professionals and for a few, accreditation had influenced job satisfaction negatively.

Conclusion
Accreditation may affect general practice clinics in very different ways. In spite of several examples of positive impact, the results suggest that it is difficult to design a mandatory accreditation program for general practice in which most professionals experience that the benefits of accreditation equal the resources used in the process.
Clinical characteristics of acute Q fever patients in South Korea and time from symptom onset to serologic diagnosis
Authors: Heo Jung Yeon , Choi Young Wha , Kim Eun Jin , Lee Seung Hun , Lim Seung Kwan , Hwang Seon Do , Lee Ju Young , Jeong Hye Won 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Acute Q fever usually presents as a nonspecific febrile illness, and its occurrence is rapidly increasing in South Korea. This study investigated the clinical characteristics of acute Q fever patients in South Korea and the time from symptom onset to serologic diagnosis. The clinical courses were examined according to antibiotic treatment.

Methods
Data of patients diagnosed with acute Q fever at Chungbuk National University Hospital between January 2015 and February 2018 were retrospectively collected. Demographic and epidemiologic data were reviewed. The time from symptom onset to serologic diagnosis by an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was analyzed. Clinical courses and the percentage of patients with a high phase I immunoglobulin G titer (≥ 1:1024) were compared between patients administered antibiotics with anti-Coxiella burnetii activity and patients not administered such antibiotics.

Results
Forty-eight patients (median age: 51.5 years) were included. Most were male (95.8%) and had no history of animal contact (91.7%). The median time from illness onset to serologic diagnosis was 21 days. Thirty-nine patients received antibiotics with anti-C. burnetii activity. The length of hospital stay and fever duration did not significantly differ between patients who received antibiotics with anti-C. burnetii activity (7 and 15 days) and those who did not (5 and 8 days) (P = 0.110 and P = 0.137, respectively). The percentage of patients with a high phase I immunoglobulin G titer (≥ 1:1024) did not significantly differ between patients who received antibiotics with anti-C. burnetii activity and those who did not (P = 0.340).

Conclusions
Most acute Q fever patients had a nonspecific febrile illness with mild elevation of transaminases and no history of animal contact or occupational risk. The time from symptom onset to a positive IFA test was longer than the fever duration in most acute Q fever patients. Consequently, it may be difficult for clinicians to serologically diagnose acute Q fever. However, inappropriate antibiotic treatment was not associated with prolongation of symptoms or progression to chronic Q fever.
HCV and HBV prevalence based on home blood self-sampling and screening history in the general population in 2016: contribution to the new French screening strategy
Authors:   the 2016 Health Barometer Group, Brouard Cécile , Saboni Leïla , Gautier Arnaud , Chevaliez Stéphane , Rahib Delphine , Richard Jean-Baptiste , Barin Francis , Larsen Christine , Sommen Cécile , Pillonel Josiane , Delarocque-Astagneau Elisabeth , Lydié Nathalie , Lot Florence 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The advent of effective direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), has prompted an assessment of the French Hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening strategy, which historically targeted high-risk groups. One of the options put forward is the implementation of combined (i.e., simultaneous) HCV, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV screening for all adults at least once during their lifetime (“universal combined screening”). However, recent national survey-based data are lacking to guide decision-making regarding which new strategy to implement. Accordingly, we aimed to provide updated data for both chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and B (CHB) prevalence and for HCV and HBV screening history, using data from the BaroTest and 2016 Health Barometer (2016-HB) studies, respectively.

Methods
2016-HB was a national cross-sectional phone based health survey conducted in 2016 among 20,032 randomly selected individuals from the general population in mainland France. BaroTest was a virological sub-study nested in 2016-HB. Data collected for BaroTest were based on home blood self-sampling on dried blood spots (DBS).

Results
From 6945 analyzed DBS, chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and B (CHB) prevalence was estimated at 0.30% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.13-0.70) and 0.30% (95% CI: 0.13-0.70), respectively. The proportion of individuals aware of their status was estimated at 80.6% (95% CI: 44.2-95.6) for CHC and 17.5% (95% CI: 4.9-46.4) for CHB. Universal combined screening would involve testing between 32.6 and 85.3% of 15-75 year olds according to whether we consider only individuals not previously tested for any of the three viruses, or also those already tested for one or two of the viruses.

Conclusions
Our data are essential to guide decision-making regarding which new HCV screening recommendation to implement in France. They also highlight that efforts are still needed to achieve the WHO’s targets for eliminating these diseases. Home blood self-sampling may prove to be a useful tool for screening and epidemiological studies.