bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maximum insulin dose in patients admitted to the intensive care units with severe COVID‐19 in the “Cross ICU Searchable Information System” study: A multicenter retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ushigome Emi , Imai Dan , Hamaguchi Masahide , Hashimoto Satoru , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThis study aimed to determine the maximum daily insulin dose (MDI) and associated factors in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) receiving insulin therapy, under ventilator and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) management.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional analysis used the Cross ICU Searchable Information System data from a Japanese multicenter retrospective observational cohort study of critically ill patients with COVID‐19 receiving ventilation and/or ECMO, from February 2020 to March 2022. Maximum daily insulin dose was determined, and factors associated with it and maximum daily insulin dose per body weight were assessed using linear regression analysis.ResultsThe analysis included 788 patients. Their mean age, glycated hemoglobin level, maximum daily insulin dose, and time from admission to the maximum daily insulin dose were 65.2 ± 13.0 years, 7.0 ± 1.5% (53.0 ± 7.1 mmol/mol), 46.0 ± 43.6 U/day, and 7.3 ± 7.0 days, respectively. Male sex (β = 6.902, P = 0.034), body mass index (β = 1.020, P = 0.001), glycated hemoglobin (β = 12.272, P < 0.001), and having renal failure (β = 20.637, P = 0.003) were independent determinants of maximum daily insulin dose. Age (β = 0.004, P = 0.035), glycated hemoglobin (β = 0.154, P < 0.001), and having renal failure (β = 0.282, P = 0.004) were independent determinants of maximum daily insulin dose per body weight.ConclusionsIn patients with COVID‐19 on ventilator and/or ECMO management, the maximum daily insulin dose reached after about 1 week of hospitalization was approximately 46.0 U/day. Glycated hemoglobin and renal failure were both associated with the maximum daily insulin dose and maximum daily insulin dose per body weight.
Defining Mental Health Conditions Within Primary Care Data: A Validation Study With a Mixed Qualitative and Quantitative Approach
Authors: Bazo‐Alvarez Juan Carlos , Avgerinou Christina , Nimmons Danielle , Hayes Joseph F. , Osborn David , Cooper Claudia , Walters Kate , Petersen Irene 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo validate codelists for defining a range of mental health (MH) conditions with primary care data, using a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach and without requiring external data.MethodsWe validated Read codelists, selecting and classifying them in three steps. The qualitative step included an in‐depth revision of the codes by six doctors. Simultaneously, the quantitative step performed on UK primary care data included an exploratory factor analysis to cluster Read codes in MH conditions to obtain an independent classification. The statistical results informed the qualitative conclusions, generating a final selection and classification.ResultsFrom a preselected list of 2007 Read codes, a total of 1638 were selected by all doctors. Later, they agreed on classifying these codes into 12 categories of MH disorders. From the same preselected list, a total of 1364 were quantitatively selected. Using data from 497,649 persons who used these Read codes at least once, we performed the exploratory factor analysis, retaining five factors (five categories). Both classifications showed good correspondence, while discrepancies informed decisions on reclassification.ConclusionsWe produced a comprehensive set of medical codes lists for 12 MH conditions validated by a combination of clinical consensus panel and quantitative cluster analysis with cross‐validation.
Is Ecological Anxiety Due to Climate Change Associated With the Fertility Preferences of Women?
Authors: Özkan Asibe , Kolcu Merve , Yilmaz Aydan , Akbaş Gonca 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundEco‐anxiety caused by climate change, which is a significant public health problem, has negative effects on sexual and reproductive health, and these effects are expected to increase continuously. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between eco‐anxiety caused by climate change and the fertility preferences of women.MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted between June and August 2024 with 491 women at the ages of 18 to 49 who were registered at a family health center. A personal information form, the Attitudes toward Fertility and Childbearing Scale, and the Hogg Eco‐Anxiety Scale were used to collect data.ResultsThe mean total AFCS score of the participants was 66.1 ± 14.2, while their mean total HEAS score was 27.1 ± 7.0. There was a weak negative correlation between the AFCS scores and HEAS scores of the participants (r = −0.124, p = 0.006).ConclusionAs the ecological anxiety levels of women increased, their attitudes toward childbearing became more negative.
Von Willebrand Factor in Weibel–Palade Bodies of Endothelial Cells Involved in the Immune Response to Hirame Novirhabdovirus Infection in a Teleost Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Gan Qiujie , Chi Heng , Meng Xianghu , Tang Xiaoqian , Xing Jing , Sheng Xiuzhen , Zhan Wenbin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTvon Willebrand factor (vWF) is a large multimeric sialoglycoprotein that plays key roles in normal haemostasis, inflammation regulation, angiogenesis and cancer metastasis in mammals. The gene, protein sequences and functions of vWF in flounder Paralichthys olivaceus (PovWF) were analysed in this study. PovWF possesses an 8550‐bp open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a 2849 amino acid protein. PovWF mRNA is highly expressed in the heart and gill, followed by the intestine, skin, spleen, kidney, muscle and liver. PovWF positive cells are mainly endothelial cells (ECs), predominantly located along the inner lining of blood vessels, enclosing the bloodstream. After being infected with hirame novirhabdovirus (HIRRV), flounder exhibits a dark body colour, congested fins and visceral membranes. Histopathologic analysis revealed that the ECs of diseased fish had compromised integrity, accompanied by a significant increase in number of cells within blood vessels. Immunofluorescence and ultrastructural studies showed that virions infect ECs can induce morphological and functional alterations, which lead to the release of vWF and facilitate the migration of neutrophils into tissues to exert antiviral functions. This research pinpoints the role of vWF in the immune response to HIRRV infection in teleost. It offers an in‐depth and all‐encompassing understanding of the pathophysiological interaction between HIRRV and endothelial cells during invasive infections in fish.
Research on Apples' Mechanical‐Structural Damage Behavior During Dropping Collision With High‐Speed Observation
Authors: Yang Liu , Shu Can , Xu Zilong , Wu Junfeng , Cao Zhentao , Cui Bo , Wang Zhicheng , Song Shaoyun , Zhang Yonglin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTApples have been constantly damaged in collecting, transporting, and processing, leading research focus on apples' mechanical‐structural damage behavior. To research apples' mechanical‐structural damage behavior during collision, a dropping collision damage testing device was self‐established, with PLC control, data acquisition‐processing, in situ high‐speed observation. The effect of impact material, drop height, impact orientation on apple deformation and bruise area was investigated with self‐established device, considering three typical kinds of apples. The results indicated that apple dropping collision can be divided into two stages: dropping down contact deformation stage and recovering contact deformation stage. Three kinds of apples demonstrate the largest deformation and bruise area when the impact material is steel and acrylic plate. The deformation is similar when apples collide with soil and foam, apples have no bruise area when the impact material is foam. The correlation between apple deformation, bruising area, and drop height was established, reflecting the relationship between drop height and apples' mechanical‐structural damage behavior. Yellow Marshal apple deformation is the largest compared to other two kinds of apples under the same collision condition. Red Fuji apple bruise area is the largest compared to other two kinds of apples. The largest bruise area of Yellow Marshal apple and Guoguang apple are in apple transverse, and Red Fuji apple is in apple top. The study can provide basic theoretical and practical guidance for apples postharvest work.
Avoiding Cutaneous Melanoma Requires Proper Sun Protection and a Correspondingly High Level of Education: A Case Control Study
Authors: Altan Ferhatoglu Zeynep , Tas Faruk 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground/AimCutaneous melanoma ranks 5th among all cancers in terms of estimated new case rates in men and women (6% and 4%, respectively). The most consistent known modifiable risk factor for a cancer of this severity is exposure to ultraviolet rays. In this study, we aimed to compare the sun protection knowledge, habits and behaviors of CM patients with healthy volunteers. In addition, we aimed to determine the level of change in sun protection attitude of CM patients before and after diagnosis.Materials and MethodsIn this study, the knowledge levels and habits of cutaneous melanoma patients regarding sun protection were questioned through surveys and compared with the control group. The surveys were developed taking into consideration the Turkish Dermatology Association's sun protection patient information recommendations.ResultsThe Male:Female (M: F) ratio of 86 melanoma patients was 1.52, and the median age was 51 ± 15 years. In the control group of 174 participants, the M:F ratio was 1.38 and the median age was 49 ± 10 years. The education level of melanoma patients was statistically significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.001). Compared to melanoma patients, participants in the control group had more accurate information on 5 questions about sunscreen application methods (applying at least 30 min before sun exposure, renewing after 2–4 h in sunny environments, renewing after the sea/pool, renewing after sports, amount of application) (p < 0.001 for each of the 5 questions).ConclusionThe results of our study revealed that the education level in CM patients was statistically significantly lower than in the control group of similar age and gender. In addition, in the control group, parallel to the education level, the level of sun protection knowledge was higher, and sun avoidance/protection behaviors were closer to what they should be.
Major facilitator family transporters specifically enhance caffeyl alcohol uptake during C‐lignin biosynthesis
Authors: Zhuo Chunliu , Wang Xiaoqiang , Shrestha Him K. , Abraham Paul E. , Hettich Robert L. , Chen Fang , Barros Jaime , Dixon Richard A. 
Published: December 2024

Summary
The mode of transport of lignin monomers to the sites of polymerization in the apoplast remains controversial.
C‐Lignin is a recently discovered form of lignin found in some seed coats that is composed exclusively of units derived from caffeyl alcohol.
RNA‐seq and proteome analyses identified a number of transporters co‐expressed with C‐lignin deposition in the seed coat of Cleome hassleriana. Cloning and influx/efflux analysis assays in yeast identified two low‐affinity transporters, ChPLT3 and ChSUC1, that were active with caffeyl alcohol but not with the classical monolignols p‐coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohols, consistent with molecular modeling and docking studies. Expression of ChPLT3 in Arabidopsis seedlings enhanced root growth in the presence of caffeyl alcohol, and expression of ChPLT3 and ChSUC1 correlated with lignin C‐unit content in hairy roots of Medicago truncatula.
We present a model, consistent with phylogenetic and evolutionary considerations, whereby passive caffeyl alcohol transport may be supplemented by hitchhiking on secondary active transporters to ensure the synthesis of C‐lignin, and inhibition of synthesis of G‐lignin, in the apoplast.
Removal of Forearm Plate Leads to a Higher Risk of Refracture—A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cao Renwei , Zhang Jianyu , Sun Weitong , Jiang Xieyuan , Hua Kehan , Xiao Dan , Chen Chen , Zha Yejun , Gong Maoqi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivePlate fixation is the preferred method for treating forearm shaft fractures. However, it remains controversial regarding the necessity of implant removal after bone union. This review aims to assess refracture risk after plate removal.MethodsWe searched various data sources, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. A total of 6749 papers were identified, of which 23 studies were eligible for final quantitative syntheses. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were conducted to reduce heterogeneity and make the results more reliable.ResultsThe total risk difference (RD) was 0.06 (0.04–0.09), indicating that the difference was significant. In the “Reasons for Removal” subgroup analysis, the RD of the “No Symptom” subgroup was 0.07 (95% CI = 0.04–0.11), while the RD of the “Symptoms” subgroup was 0.04 (95% CI = −0.02 to 0.10). In the “Plate Type” subgroup analysis, the RD of the “LCP” subgroup was 0.07 (95% CI = 0.02–0.13), while the RD of the “DCP” subgroup was 0.07 (95% CI = 0.01–0.13). After omitting each study one by one, the RDs were all significant.ConclusionsPlate retention is significantly associated with a lower rate of refracture than plate removal. Consequently, it is not recommended to remove implants, especially for patients without implant‐related symptoms, but more reliable evidence is still needed.Trial RegistrationThe review was registered on PROSPERO and the registration ID is CRD42023424743, and a protocol was not prepared
Causal relationship between mitochondrial function and delirium: a bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomisation analysis
Authors: Han Yun‐Yang , Tian Yu , Song Lin‐Fang , Zhou Quan , Rong Yin‐Hui , Qin Zai‐Sheng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have suggested a potential link between delirium and mitochondrial function. Consequently, this Mendelian randomisation (MR) study aimed to further investigate their causal relationship.MethodsIn this bidirectional MR study, the relationship between 73 proteins related to mitochondrial function and delirium, including delirium not induced by alcohol or other psychoactive substances (DEL) and delirium associated with alcohol withdrawal (AL‐DEL). The random‐effects inverse variance weighting (RE‐IVW) method was used as the primary analytical method. Furthermore, multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was performed to assess the impact of positive exposures and known risk factors for delirium. To ensure the reliability of our findings, heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests were conducted.ResultsThe results of the RE‐IVW method of MR analysis revealed that two proteins were positively associated with DEL (P < 0.05, odds ratio (OR) >1), whereas one protein was negatively associated with AL‐DEL (P < 0.05, OR <1). In MVMR, ATP synthase subunit beta (ATP5F1B) was positively associated with DEL (P < 0.05, OR >1). Moreover, reverse MR analysis demonstrated that DEL was positively associated with three proteins (P < 0.05, OR >1) and negatively associated with two proteins (P < 0.05, OR <1). Finally, none of these associations displayed heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy (P > 0.05) or reverse causality.ConclusionsThis bidirectional, multivariable two‐sample MR analysis identified a causal relationship between eight proteins related to mitochondrial function and delirium. These findings offer novel insights that could potentially influence early diagnosis, expand our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, and inform treatment strategies for delirium. Nevertheless, given the possibility of bias, these results should be interpreted with caution.
Salmonella
pathogenicity Island 1 undergoes decay in serovars adapted to swine and poultry
Authors: Tambassi Martina , Berni Melissa , Bracchi Chiara , Menozzi Ilaria , Dodi Alessandra , Mazzera Laura , Morganti Marina , Scaltriti Erika , Pongolini Stefano 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Human salmonellosis is a high-priority foodborne disease worldwide. The main reservoir of
Salmonella
is livestock, mainly swine and poultry that are infected both by generalist serovars and serovars adapted to them. The most widespread livestock-adapted serovars are attenuated in both their primary hosts and humans. We previously identified a lineage of the swine-adapted
Salmonella
Derby carrying mutations in
Salmonella
Pathogenicity Island-1(SPI-1) giving attenuation. To evaluate if SPI-1 decay is a general feature of swine-adapted serovars, we analyzed the Enterobase global population of
Salmonella
serovars most frequently isolated from swine. We found that deleterious mutations in SPI-1 are accumulated more in swine-adapted (
S
. Derby and
Salmonella
Rissen) than in generalist (
Salmonella
Typhimurium, I 1,4,[5],12:i:-, and
Salmonella
Infantis) serovars. The genomes carrying such mutations are widespread in the population of
S
. Derby and
S
. Rissen, indicating that the occurrence and fixation of deleterious mutations in SPI-1 are frequent. Similarly, also poultry-adapted
Salmonella
Kentucky has accumulated deleterious mutations in SPI-1, leading to over 70% of mutated genomes of this serovar compared with negligible proportions of mutated genomes in the generalist serovars from poultry. Although
in vitro
attenuation of
S
. Derby carrying mutated SPI-1 had been previously demonstrated, we showed the same phenotype for mutated
S
. Rissen. Considering also the known attenuation of
S
. Kentucky, our population-scale findings provide evidence of progressive evolution toward the attenuation of serovars adapted to the main animal reservoirs of human salmonellosis through the food chain. Intensive farming with a high density of animals could be a possible driver of this evolution.

IMPORTANCE

This study shows at the global population level of
Salmonella
that the main attenuated serovars adapted to food-producing animals are undergoing convergent evolution toward further attenuation through the decay of SPI-1, considered critically important for the intestinal phase of
Salmonella
infection. The drivers of this evolution are unknown, but they could be attributed, at least in part, to the intensive farming of livestock with its high densities. On one side, our results contribute to the knowledge of the interaction between livestock populations and their host-adapted serovars of
Salmonella
. On the other side, the study provides scientific background for reconsidering the microbiological criteria adopted by the food safety legislation of many countries that ask for the absence of
Salmonella
in foods, regardless of any virulence evaluation of the detected strain. In this respect, the study provides molecular bases to investigate the virulence of different lineages within these host-adapted serovars.
Synthesis of existing literature on the colorectal surgery patients’ challenges during hospital-to-home transitions: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Steane Auden , Singh Hardeep , Orchanian-Cheff Ani , Chadi Sami A , Okrainec Karen 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionDespite advances in innovation to improve patients’ transition experiences, it is unclear—in the context of colorectal surgery—what elements of patient education and care could provide the greatest benefit to patient experiences and clinical outcomes. Thus, this scoping review protocol aims to outline a plan to synthesise the existing literature from countries with publicly funded health systems (ie, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the USA) on the challenges experienced by colorectal surgery patients’ when transitioning home from the hospital.Methods and analysisThis is a protocol for a scoping review to identify literature relating to adult patient challenges experienced when transitioning from hospital to home following colorectal surgery. We will search the following databases for studies published between 2012 and present: Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid Embase; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Ovid) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Ovid). Title, abstract and full-text review will be conducted independently by at least two reviewers. Data will be extracted, collated, summarised and reported numerically (eg, frequency counts) and presented using descriptive summaries. In addition, data related to the challenges reported by colorectal surgery patients during their transition home from the hospital will be descriptively analysed using deductive content analysis. The extracted challenges will be categorised according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the surgical transition trajectory (eg, predischarge, during discharge and postdischarge) to identify when in the patient journey is the best point to implement improved practices and achieve patient-centred care.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol does not require ethics approval as data have not been collected or analysed. The findings will highlight insights into patient care transitions following colorectal surgery, which will be disseminated via publications and presentations.
Safety and efficacy of remimazolam in mechanical ventilation in the ICU: a protocol for systematic evaluation and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Xuelian , Yang Yulian , Miao Gelan , Yang Chaobing , Liu Li , Lei Xianying 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionRemimazolam is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine that allosterically modulates γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors to induce sedative effects. Remimazolam was approved by China for procedural sedation in 2020. Intensive care unit (ICU) patients frequently exhibit impaired liver and renal function as well as haemodynamic instability; thus, the pharmacokinetic properties of remimazolam may offer advantages for ICU sedation. A comprehensive evaluation of the relevant studies warrants further discussion. This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy and safety of the novel intravenous anaesthetic remimazolam with that of commonly used anaesthetics in the ICU.Methods and analysisThe following databases will be searched: Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang to retrieve relevant randomised controlled trials (RCTs). This protocol was developed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols 2020. RCTs about the use of remimazolam for sedation during ICU mechanical ventilation will be included. Two investigators will independently screen articles and extract data according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Following a qualitative evaluation of each study, data analysis will be conducted using Review Manager 5.4 software. The planned start and end dates for the study were placed on 1 June 2024 and 31 October 2024, respectively.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol for the systematic evaluation and meta-analysis does not involve individual patient data; thus, ethical approval is not required. This will be the first meta-analysis to assess the sedative efficacy and safety of remimazolam in the ICU and to provide evidence to inform clinical decision-making. The findings will be disseminated through conference presentations and publications in peer-reviewed journals relevant to the field.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024554425