bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for Iris Segmentation
Authors: Zainal Abidin Z , Zakaria N A , Abal Abas Z , Azizan S N A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIris segmentation is a crucial process in the iris recognition that it locates and captures the unique features inside the human iris image. However, iris image contains high noise rate and sometimes a genuine user is recognized as non-genuine by computer system. An algorithm from swarm-based intelligence is demanded for natural search images. Therefore, an experimental investigation was conducted to explore artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm for iris segmentation. The ABC algorithm measures the performance of convergence in learning the authentic iris features. Based on the findings, the average fitness is always less than or equal to the best fitness, and the differences between the two goes on decreasing over time, which is until the algorithm completely converges. The parameters of ABC Algorithm are programmed with at best 100 times of calculation to collect the best iteration and best fitness. In fact, results showed that ABC uses the population for every iteration instead of a single iteration. Number of iterations directly affect the time of optimal search for ideal convergence, which meets the aim of this study. As a conclusion, if the mean and standard deviation is low in values, it is proven that the speed of searching the iris features is faster and more robust.
A Review of Mixed Reality Telepresence
Authors: Edora Fadzli Fazliaty , Wanis Ismail Ajune , Yahya Fekri Aladin Mohamad , Zuraifah Syazrah Othman Nur 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Mixed Reality MR is a technology to make the combination of physical and digital worlds coexist with one another This paper is about to explore the potential MR technology to be used for telepresence Telepresence is a technology to allow user to feel present in specific place so he remotely transferred in a digital representation However in remote collaboration it is crucial to count when a localhost user can seizure and later transmission in a view of their backdrops This paper reviews about the existing works on video conferencing and discovers the many limitations such as limited shared view low resolution and lack of the realism This paper focuses on realism issue and real-time 3D reconstruction methods using depth sensors and provides a review for MR telepresence MR has the ability when users interact with the virtual objects it can admit the understanding of the real world and feel presence in real world when they interact to the surrounding
Ant Colony Optimization Using Different Heuristic Strategies for Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Fatimah Mohamad Ayop Siti , Shahizan Othman Mohd , Mi Yusuf Lizawati 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a variant of vehicle routing problem (VRP) in which vehicles with restricted capacities required to pick-up or deliver at various locations. The main constraint in CVRP is to pick-up or deliver the goods for the least cost without exceeding the vehicle capacity. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to minimize the distance travelled by vehicles. Hence, this paper proposed to use Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) with different heuristic strategies to optimize the distance travelled by the vehicles while not exceeding the vehicle capacities. Swapping, reversion, and insertion are the heuristic strategies used to examine the efficiency of neighbour creations in ACO. Christofides data sets are utilized in this paper to experiment on the solution construction in ACO with different heuristic strategies. The results showed that the use of ACO is efficient using the swap, reverse and insert strategies for distance minimization but there are possibilities for the vehicle visiting the same customer more than once. Meanwhile ACO with random combination with swap, reverse and insert are capable to solve CVRP without any possibilities for the vehicle visiting the same customer more than once.
Enhanced of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Grey Relational Analysis and Supervised Learning for Classification
Authors: Mohd Yunos Zuriahati , Idrus Wafa , Mariyam Shamsuddin Siti , Saiful Izwaan Saadon Mohd , Yusuf Suhaila M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complicated to be diagnosed and many study had shown that machine learning technique have been proven to accurately diagnose ASD. However, there were also some drawbacks in the results obtained and one of it is related to the lower accuracy upon implementation. Thus, a feature selection method namely Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) is proposed to enhance the performance of the machine learning technique in the classification of ASD as it was proven too often produce high accuracy results. GRA is used to select relevant features and rank them from the highest to the lowest. The data used was the adult autism data, which consists of 608 data with 16 features. The machine learning techniques used are Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Artificial Neural Network with Multi Layer Perceptron (ANN-MLP) to classify ASD. From results obtained, the integration of GRA and machine learning techniques have managed to produce a high accuracy of more than 90%. The SVM gave the good accuracy of 98.1%, while ANN produce of 98.36%.
Utilizing Ant Colony Optimization and Intelligent Water Drop for Solving Multi Depot Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Samsuddin Sherylaidah , Shahizan Othman Mohd , Mi Yusuf Lizawati 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP) is a real-world variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP). MDVRP falls under NP-hard problem where trouble in identifying the routes for the vehicles from multiple depots to the customers and then, returning to the similar depot. The challenging task in solving MDVRP is to identify optimal routes for the fleet of vehicles located at the depots to transport customers’ demand efficiently. In this paper, two metaheuristic methods have been tested for MDVRP which are Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Intelligent Water Drop (IWD). The proposed algorithms are validated using six MDVRP Cordeau’s data sets which are P01, P03, P07, P10, P15 and P21 with 50, 75, 100, 249, 160 and 360 customers, respectively. Thus, the results using the proposed algorithm solving MDVRP, five out of six problem data sets showed that IWD is more capable and efficient compared to ACO algorithm.
Optimization of RHA-Based Zeolite Phase Using Hydrothermal Method for Adsorption Application
Authors: Abdul Aziz Roslaili , Nazry Salleh Mohd. , Yusra Syamimi Mohd Yusof Nur , Nihla Kamarudzaman Ain 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Rice husk was used as a silicate source to produce RHA-based zeolites through hydrothermal method. The synthesis of zeolite undergone different types and concentrations of alkaline solutions which were 3M and 5M of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 5M of potassium hydroxide (KOH), respectively. The rice husk ash and resulted zeolites were then being characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. Analyses of XRF, SEM and BET results shown that RHA has high content of silica (83.90%) with irregular particles due to large surface area of 48.7 m2g-1. For FTIR analysis, RHA at band 1040.52 cm-1 assigned to asymmetric Si-O-Si bond stretching in SiO4 tetrahedron. The band at 794.71 cm-1 was corresponded to the stretching vibrations quartz of Si-O-Si. Subsequently, the zeolites were applied as an adsorbent in sugarcane bagasse wastewater and tested for total suspended solid (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The adsorption capacity of TSS, COD and colour by the previous synthesized zeolites was then observed experimentally through the effects of contact time. Results indicated that adsorption capacity for COD is 13% to 22% and ranged from 50% to 57% for TSS.
Influence of Banana Fiber on Shear Strength of Clay Soil
Authors: Bawadi N F , AlHamidi M A A , Mansor A F , Anuar S A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Recently, the agricultural waste have been enticed increasing attention in geotechnical engineering as a natural soil reinforcement in improving strength and stability of soils. Agricultural waste fiber was chosen as it is cheap, locally available, bio-degradable and eco-friendly. In this study, the implementation of banana fibers has been used as a natural soil reinforcement in influencing the strength of clay soil. In order to investigate the influence of banana fiber in strengthen the clay soil, three different percentage mixing of banana fiber in clay soil has been tested using Unconsolidated Undrained Triaxial and California Ratio Bearing (CBR) tests. The results of X-Ray Fluorescense (X-RF) indicated that average 45% of chemical compositions inside the banana fibers are calcium hydroxide which resulting the pozzolanic reactions and lead to the modification of soil properties and improve the strength of soil. This research is important in order to find the suitability of banana fiber as admixture in soil stabilization. Banana fiber as admixture in soil stabilization will contribute to conservation of the environment. The results from the tests conducted have shown that the soil treated with 1% fibre content improved termendously in term of shear strength compared to untreated sample. However, based on the regression analysis, 0.5% mixing of banana content indicate the optimum percentage mixing of banana fiber in clay soil.
Design and Performance Evaluation of Semi-Automatic Fish Cutting Machine for Industry
Authors: Ahmad Kamaruzzaman Kafiza , Mahfurdz Azrul , Hashim Mokhtar , Noorazman Bidin Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A half-cutting fish cutting machine was designed, fabricated and evaluated for performance. The major components of the machine were made up of three main parts: mainframe (case), conveyor/rotator and cutter component. The conveyor and disc cutter are powered by a single phase, 1400rpm and 1hp electric motor. Analysis on size (length, width, depth) of fish, size of disc cutter and gap of roller at the cutter component had been made. The performance of the machine was evaluated using 5 types of major fish that used for salted fish industry. The results showed that this machine can produced 5 times more productivities compared to existing (manual) method. From the analysis data, the machine can produce an average of 21 fish/minute, so the average time to half-cutting 1000 fishes is 47 minutes. More energy saving and less labor needed for fish cutting process. Also, 81.2% significant time saving were obtained from this machine. This new innovation is an alternative choice to existing heavy-duty machines in the market with more expensive cost.
Relationship between Ultrasonic-Pulse Velocity and Compression Test for Different Grade of Concrete
Authors: Abdul Rahim Mustaqqim , Choon Onn Lee , Nur Aizat Ahmad Ahmad , Shahidan Shahiron , Salwa Mohd Zuki Sharifah , Salehuddin Shamshinar , Ayob Afizah , Anudai@Anuar Shamilah , Faizah Bawadi Nor 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Ultrasonic pulse velocity methods is one of the non-destructive testing methods. Commonly the compression test was used to determine the compression strength of concrete. Laboratory works had been carried out at heavy concrete laboratory to obtain the result for both non-destructive and destructive test. By using concrete cubes of sizes 100 x 100 x 100 mm and subjected to water curing for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days to obtained desire result for Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity and Compression test. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity were initially done before the Compression test. The data obtained from each test has been evaluated and tabulated in this report. From this research, the variation between predicted strength and experimental strength for Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity testing was identified; the higher the pulse velocity, the higher the predicted strength and lower times passes by pulse velocity, the higher the predicted strength.
Kinetic Extraction of Antioxidant and Total Phenoloc Content of Clinachantus nutans
Authors: Aqilah Abd Rahim Syafiqah , Mohd Amer Nuradibah , Farihan Kasim Khairul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Clinacanthus nutans or Belalai Gajah is one of the herbs that contain natural antioxidant. This natural antioxidant can be used commercially in food as well as pharmaceutical industries. This research explored antioxidant of C. nutans and it was extracted by using solid-liquid extraction. Antioxidant of C. nutans extract was determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and Total Phenolic Content (TPC) were determined using Folic-Ciocalteau reagent. Screening of the suitable particle size to be used in the extraction of C. nutans shows that mixture and leaves of C. nutans with particle size <63 μm was the best to obtain the highest DPPH scavenging activity. However, only mixture of C. nutans sample was used for the thermal extraction kinetic due to the availability of the samples. Thermal extraction kinetic of DPPH was fitted to the exponential growth model and show a good fit with R^2 = 0.9921. When transformed, the data gave a linear Arrhenius plot, R^2=0.717 with an activation energy of 17.35 ± 0.108 kJ/mol. Thermal extraction kinetic of TPC was fitted to the exponential growth model and show a good fit with R^2 = 0.9892. When transformed, the data gave a linear Arrhenius plot, R^2=0.897 with an activation energy of 5.3832 ± 0.451 kJ/mol. The model is adequate to predict DPPH scavenging activity and TPC of the C. nutans extracts with no significant different of the prediction and validation conducted at temperature of 70 °C for 30 min.
Cultivation of Fig (Ficus carica L.) As An Alternative High Value Crop In Malaysia: A Brief Review
Authors: Isa M M , Jaafar M N , Kasim K F , Mutalib M.F.A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Fig (Ficus carica L.) is an important crop worldwide and are consumed fresh or dried and it is included in diet since the ancient years and it is considered as the symbol of longevity. It is well known for its excellent flavour, attractive colour and high nutritional value. Due to these specifications, it has been cultivated and consumed since ancient times. The published literature on cultivation of this crop is meager. Thus, the aim of this paper is to describe the agroecology, economic importance, production of the plant, and its production requirements, but major emphasis is given to the agronomic and management aspects of the plant to be grown as a crop. This paper represents as effort to compile the literature on F.carica and review the production requrirement of the and its potential as an alternative high value crop in Malaysia.
Effect of Potassium Permanganate and Zeolite on Shelf Life and Quality of Musa Acuminata
Authors: Yi Yin Chong , Azad Mat Akhir Maisara , Uda M. N. A. , Nuradibah  , M. A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper study the effect of ethylene scavenger treatments in different quantity (T0: 0g, T1: 1g, T2: 3g, T3: 5g and T4: 10g per sachet) and types of packaging (T5: non-perforated and T6: perforated packaging) on Musa Acuminata to its shelf life and physicochemical quality. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and zeolite were used as ethylene absorbent which stored together with the bananas under uniform atmospheric condition at temperature of 25-28°C and 85-95% of relative humidity (RH). Physicochemical analysis (e.g. weight loss, peel colour changes, firmness, total soluble solid content and titratable acidity) were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of each treatments throughout its storage period. Results showed that treatment with higher quantity of KMnO4-zeolite (T4: 10g) shows reduction and retardation in percent weight loss (9.62%), peel colour changes, firmness changes (28.2%), total soluble solid (TSS) (12.1% Brix), titratable acidity (TA) (0.084% malic acid) and also greater storability of banana. Therefore, postharvest losses can be reduced by the mentioned treatment and it can be implemented in postharvest industries for extending the shelf life of banana effectively.
Transesterification of Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBD PO) Using Homogeneous Base Catalyst and Methanol and Investigation of Factors Filter Blocking Issue in Palm Based Biodiesel
Authors: Umar Rosnani , Leman A M , Rahman K A , Normunira Hasan N , Irfan A R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the major properties of biodiesel causing filter-blocking issue in biodiesel especially for palm oil based, to identify the suitable solution to reduce or eliminate these factors for improving the filter properties of the palm based biodiesel by control the specific parameter (mono-glycerides during intermediate process and minimize or eliminate the Steryl Glycoside after post treatment. This study may give significant impact especially to local industry of biodiesel producer which operated with normal transesterification process and using palm base feedstock to conform international biodiesel specification such as ASTM D D7501 (Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels). In this paper the Filter Blocking Tendency (FBT) testing and Cold Soak Filterability Test (CSFT) testing procedure and result will be presented.
A Study of Kenaf, Straw Rice Ash and Palm Ol Residue Ashes as Additive Material to Earthing System Using Fall of Potential Method
Authors: Anuar Aminudin , Syareena Sumi N. , Arshad S. N. M. , Bakar M. A. A. , Uda M. N. A. , Bakar A. H. A. , Afnan Uda M. N. , Sulaiman M. K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Earthing systems acts as a significant part of the safety of the electric system. Under standard and failure situations, it should be necessary to be functioning efficiently in electrical system safety throughout all times. This project is to study the effect of Natural Enhancement Material (NEM) by using Fall of Potential Method to the eartihing resistivity. The NEM material used is Kenaf, Straw Rice ash and Palm Oil Residue Ashes. The measurement took part for 60 days. The purpose of this project is to compare the effect of the NEM as the additive material to the earthing system between three situations, Reference as bare soil, Kenaf with Straw Rice Ash and Kenaf with Palm Oil Residue Ashes. With two NEM material has been conducted, the analysis shown which the better material combing can improve the earth resistivity.
Gold Nanoparticles Enhanced Electrochemical Impedance Sensor (EIS) for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 Detection E6 region
Authors: Amrul Muhadi A. S. , Parmin N. A. , Hashim Uda , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Rejali Zulida , Afzan Amilia , Uda M.N.A , Uda M.N.Afnan , Hong V.C. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The persistent infection by high risk HPV is a necessary but not sufficient cause of this cancer which develops over a long period through precursor lesions which can be detected by electrochemical impedance sensor. The HPV driven molecular mechanisms underlying the development of cervical lesions have provided a number of potential biomarkers for both diagnostic and prognostic use in the clinical management of women with HPV related cervical disease and these biomarkers can also be used to increase the positive predictive value of current methods. The most influential methods for the detection and identification of HPV using gold nanoparticle (GNP) included electrochemical impedance sensor will visit their sensitivity, selectivity and characteristic detection on synthetic target which are complement of the DNA, non-complement of the DNA and mismatch of the DNA. In difference concentration of synthetic target, which stage can get the exactly value to determine the HPV in strain 16 was evaluated in this research studies.
Combination of Biological and Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Mixed Rice Biomass for Fermentable Sugars Production
Authors: Kian Thing Ang , Shamsudin Saleha 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRice biomass is one of the most staple agricultural by-products in Malaysia. In this study, mixed rice biomass (MRB) which combines rice husk and straw in certain ratio was used to produce the fermentable sugars. White-rot fungal strain, P.chrysosporium was used in biological pretreatment for 7 days (30°C). The pretreatment was proceeded by hydrothermal autohydrolysis for further removal of hemicellulose. The reducing sugar of soluble solid mixed rice biomass after autohydrolysis process was determined (0.225g sugar/g MRB). The characteristic of raw and insoluble solid pretreated MRB was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the functional groups changes were determined by Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR). The parameters of enzymatic saccharification were optimized using Central Composite Design for Response Surface Methodology by setting the concentration of commercial cellulase enzyme used, Celluclast 1.5L from 5 FPU/g to 15 FPU/g and incubation times from 24 to 72 hours. It was discovered that fermentable sugars production was increased from 0.098g sugar/g MRB (0.125 g/L) to 0.248g sugar/g MRB (0.319g/L) at optimized condition 82 hours incubation time and 10 FPU/g enzyme concentrations. Hence, the total reducing sugar produced was calculated as 0.473g sugar/g MRB and saccharification was determined as 66.31%.
Effect of Cycling Time Strategy on The Treatment of Industrial Latex Wastewater with Granular Sludge
Authors: Rashid N A , Abdul Rani A L , Omar M F , Abdullah M A H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Effects of cycling time on the performance of granular sludge in sequencing batch reactors (SBR) were evaluated. Two reactors, reactor 1 (R1) and reactor 2 (R2) was introduced to industrial wastewater with varying chemical oxygen demand (COD) loadings from as low as 0.01 to 0.28 kgCOD/m3/d. However granules in R1 utilizes cycling time of 24 hours whilst R2 utilizes cycling time of 4 hours. The overall performance for both reactors were excellent, where COD removal efficiency was kept at about 78 % to 98 % removal. Although higher COD removal was observed for both reactors, granulation did not occur in R1 when applying cycling time of 24 hours. In contrast to R2, decrement of cycling time to 4 hours promotes the growth of dense and structured sludge granules.
Microwave Dielectric Analysis on Porous Hydroxyapatite/Starch Composites with Various Ratio of Hydroxyapatite to Starch
Authors: Chong You Beh , Ee Meng Cheng , Abu Bakar Shahriman , Fazli Mohd Nasir Nashrul , Swee Kheng Eng , Shukry Abdul Majid Mohd , Ridzuan Mohd Jamir Mohd , Shing Fhan Khor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the dielectric response of the porous hydroxyapatite/starch composites by varying the starch proportion in determining the feasibility of the microwave sample characterization technique in bone tissue engineering. The porous hydroxyapatite/starch composites were fabricated by using natural starch (gelatinization and retrogradation) through the solvent casting and particulate leaching technique. The dielectric constant (ε′) and loss factor (ε′′) of the complex permittivity of the porous hydroxyapatite/starch composites were measured in the Ku band frequency of 12.4-18.0 GHz. ε′ and ε′′ of the porous composites increase with frequency. The highly porous composite that due to higher starch proportion exhibit higher ε′ and ε′′, resulting in the significant dielectric responses.