bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micromorphology, mechanical, crystallization and permeability properties analysis of HA/PBAT/PLA (HA, hydroxyapatite; PBAT, poly(butylene adipate‐co‐butylene terephthalate); PLA, polylactide) degradability packaging films
Authors: Yao Qianru , Song Zhiyong , Li Jie , Zhang Lei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, the self‐made nano‐hydroxyapatite (HA) and poly(butylene adipate‐co‐butylene terephthalate) copolyesters (PBAT) were used as fillers, and composite films of HA/PLA (PLA, polylactide) and HA/PBAT/PLA systems were prepared. The micromorphology, mechanical properties, thermal properties, crystallinity, water vapor permeability and oxygen permeability of the composite films were studied. The results show that the self‐made HA has a porous rod‐like structure with a size of 30–50 nm. PBAT was dispersed uniformly in the HA/PLA matrix in the form of spherical particles and formed many pores and holes. The tensile strength, elongation at break and modulus of elasticity of HA/PLA composite films were increased by adding 10 wt% PBAT. The addition of HA and PBAT played a synergistic function in improving the crystallinity of the composite films. The water vapor and oxygen permeabilities of HA/PLA and HA/10%PBAT/PLA composite films can be regulated by adjusting the amount of HA. The results of this study indicate that composite films with higher water vapor and oxygen permeabilities exhibit great potential for applications in green packaging and fresh‐keeping packaging. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and Bioactivity of New Analogue of Bicyclic 1‐Azafagomine
Authors: Akhundova Fidan N. , Kurbanova Malahat M. , Huseynzada Alakbar E. , Alves Maria J. , Sujayev Afsun R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNew (S)‐(1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridazin‐3‐yl)methanol was synthesized by Lewis acid catalyzed and self‐assembled Diels‐Alder (LACASA‐DA) cycloaddition reaction using (S)‐BINOL as a chiral inductor. The N‐2 pyridazine position was protected, the hydroxyl group was carbonylated to form the new bicyclic structure. The protective group was removed and the double bond was dihydroxylated leading to the target compound. Removal of the protective group was performed using a newly found ecofriendly catalyst for N‐Boc deprotection. The final iminosugar derivative 7 and all newly synthesized intermediates, were investigated against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria and were found to show promising activity against both gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria.
New Preparation Method Using Microwave, Kinetics, In Vitro Dissolution‐Diffusion, and Anti‐Inflammatory Study of Diclofenac‐ Proline Co–Crystal
Authors: Nugrahani Ilma , Utami Dwi , Ayuningtyas Livia , Garmana Afrillia Nuryanti , Oktaviary Rozana 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, we developed a novel and simple method to prepare an established diclofenac‐proline co‐crystal (DPC) using microwave. In addition, we also evaluate the pharmaceutical properties of the co‐crystal, including dissolution, diffusion, and anti‐inflammatory profile. The kinetics of co‐crystal formation was investigated using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. The co‐crystal yield was confirmed physically by differential scanning calorimetry and powder x‐ray diffraction, while the chemical stability of the drug during and after microwaving was confirmed using thin layer chromatography, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography. Experiment results demonstrated that microwave can generate the stable and uniform quality of diclofenac‐proline co‐crystal efficiently. Furthermore, the process was investigated to follow a second order kinetic, which is different than the neat‐grinding process previously reported. Moreover, our findings revealed that co‐crystals with L‐proline can significantly improve the dissolution, diffusion, and anti‐inflammation activity of diclofenac acid.
Plastic hinge relocation in exterior reinforced beam–column joint and compliance issues to seismic design guidelines—A review
Authors: Arowojolu Olaniyi , Ibrahim Ahmed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe current recommendations for the design of monolithic reinforced concrete beam–column joints allowed for the provision of transverse reinforcements at the joint to avoid brittle shear failure of the joint during seismic events but neglected the effect of plastic hinge penetration in the joint leading to bond deterioration and shear failure, especially for external frames. In this paper, previous studies conducted by different authors using the seismic design recommendations are reviewed for failure modes and the effectiveness of the code recommendations to avoid joint failure. Various retrofitting strategies to upgrade nonseismically designed beam–column joints are also reviewed. Methods of plastic hinge relocation in beam–column joints of new construction were proposed and verified with numerical simulation. This study contributes to knowledge by highlighting areas of concern in current design guidelines and a call for further research on code compliant exterior beam–column joint for better seismic performance.
Pryout capacity of headed stud anchor groups with stiff base plate: 3D finite element analysis
Authors: Jebara Khalil , Ožbolt Joško , Sharma Akanshu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConcrete pryout failure mode of a group of relatively shallow embedded anchors welded to a steel base plate has not been extensively investigated in the past. Therefore, the failure mechanism and resistance of such anchor groups needs to be clarified. In this paper a three‐dimensional (3D) finite element parametric study for quadruple (2 × 2) anchor groups loaded in shear with no influence of edges is carried out. In the study, embedment depth of anchors and anchor spacing in both directions are varied. The results show that the increase of anchor spacing perpendicular to the shear load direction has no major influence on the concrete pryout capacity, whereas the increase in anchor spacing parallel to the loading direction significantly increases the pryout capacity. For anchor spacing greater than a particular threshold value, the pryout resistance of a group of anchors is approximately equal to the resistance of a single anchor multiplied by the number of anchors. Based on the results of the study, a design formula for anchor group failing in pryout is proposed and compared with the current design code recommendations.
Sage‐grouse breeding and late brood‐rearing habitat guidelines in Utah
Authors: Dahlgren David K. , Messmer Terry A. , Crabb Benjamin A. , Kohl Michel T. , Frey Shandra N. , Thacker Eric T. , Larsen Randy T. , Baxter Rick J. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTDelineation, protection, and restoration of habitats provide the basis for endangered and threatened species recovery plans. Species recovery plans typically contain guidelines that provide managers with a scientific basis to designate and manage critical habitats. As such, habitat guidelines are best developed using data that capture the full diversity of ecological and environmental conditions that provide habitat across the species’ range. However, when baseline information, which fails to capture habitat diversity, is used to develop guidelines, inconsistencies and problems arise when applying those guidelines to habitats within an ecologically diverse landscape. Greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage‐grouse) populations in Utah, USA, reflect this scenario—published range‐wide habitat guidelines developed through a literature synthesis did not include data from the full range of the species. Although all sage‐grouse are considered sagebrush obligates (Artemisia spp.), the species occupies a diversity of sagebrush communities from shrub‐dominated semideserts in the southwest to more perennial grass‐dominated sagebrush‐steppe in the northeast portions of their distribution. Concomitantly, local ecological site and environmental conditions may limit the ability of managers to achieve broader range‐wide habitat guidelines. We combined microsite habitat vegetation parameters from radiomarked sage‐grouse nest and brood locations with state‐wide spatially continuous vegetation, climatic, and elevation data in a cluster analysis to develop empirically based sage‐grouse habitat guidelines that encompass the range of ecological and environmental variation across Utah. Using this novel approach, we identified 3 distinct clusters of sage‐grouse breeding (i.e., nesting and early brood‐rearing) and late brood‐rearing habitats in Utah. For each cluster, we identified specific vegetation recommendations that managers can use to assess sage‐grouse breeding and late brood‐rearing habitat. Our results provide relevant guidelines to Utah's sage‐grouse populations and are feasible given the unique ecological variation found therein. This approach may have application to other species that occupy diverse habitats and physiographic regions. © 2019 The Authors. Wildlife Society Bulletin published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Sudakov suppression of the Balitsky-Kovchegov kernel
Authors: Zheng Du-xin , Zhou Jian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo sum high-energy leading logarithms in a consistent way, one has to impose the strong ordering in both projectile rapidity and dense target rapidity simultaneously, which results in a kinematically improved Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. We find that beyond this strong ordering region, the important sub-leading double logarithms arise at high order due to the incomplete cancellation between real corrections and virtual corrections in a t-channel calculation. Based on this observation, we further argue that these double logarithms are the Sudakov type ones, and thus can be resummed into an exponential leading to a Sudakov suppressed BK equation.
Perioperative Outcomes of Melanoma Patients Undergoing Surgery After Receiving Immunotherapy or Targeted Therapy
Authors: Sun James , Kirichenko Dennis A. , Chung Joyce L. , Carr Michael J. , Eroglu Zeynep , Khushalani Nikhil I. , Markowitz Joseph , Messina Jane L. , Sondak Vernon K. , Zager Jonathan S. , Patel Sephalie Y. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundTraditional chemotherapy agents adversely affect wound healing and need to be held prior to or after surgery. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted agents are now standard of care for the several treatment cancers. We hypothesize that ICI and targeted therapy do not have similar adverse effects on perioperative outcomes.MethodsWe performed a review of melanoma patients undergoing surgery at an academic hospital between 2011 and 2019. All patients received ICI or targeted therapy ≤ 60 days prior to surgery, including palliative procedures. Preoperative performance status was assessed using Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score and American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification System. Thirty‐day complications were classified by Clavien–Dindo grade. No statistical comparisons were performed.ResultsOf 63 patients included in the analysis, 29 (46%) patients received ICI and 34 (54%) received targeted therapy with median of 14 days (IQR 5–27 days) between the last preoperative dose and day of surgery (ICI, median 18 days [IQR 13–34.5]; targeted therapy, median 7 days [IQR 3–22.25]). There were no perioperative mortalities. Among patients treated with ICI, 22 patients (76%) had no complications. Four patients had wound infections (2 readmitted), 1 had reoperation (hematoma) and 2 readmitted for other reasons (fever; volvulus). Among patients treated with targeted therapy, 25 patients (74%) had no complications. Seven patients had wound infections (none readmitted), 1 had reoperation (flap failure) and 1 had dehiscence (not treated).ConclusionsPatients undergoing treatment with ICI or targeted therapies can safely undergo surgery without substantially increased risk of serious intraoperative and postoperative complications.
A role for OCRL in glomerular function and disease
Authors: Preston Rebecca , Naylor Richard W , Stewart Graham , Bierzynska Agnieszka , Saleem Moin A , Lowe Martin , Lennon Rachel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundLowe syndrome and Dent-2 disease are caused by mutations in theOCRLgene, which encodes for an inositol 5-phosphatase. The renal phenotype associated withOCRLmutations typically comprises a selective proximal tubulopathy, which can manifest as Fanconi syndrome in the most extreme cases.MethodsHere, we report a 12-year-old male with nephrotic-range proteinuria and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis on renal biopsy. As a glomerular pathology was suspected, extensive investigation of tubular function was not performed.ResultsSurprisingly, whole exome sequencing identified a genetic variant inOCRL(c1467-2A>G) that introduced a novel splice mutation leading to skipping of exon 15. In situ hybridisation of adult human kidney tissue and zebrafish larvae showedOCRLexpression in the glomerulus, supporting a role for OCRL in glomerular function. In cultured podocytes, we found that OCRL associated with the linker protein IPIP27A and CD2AP, a protein that is important for maintenance of the podocyte slit diaphragm.ConclusionTaken together, this work suggests a previously under-appreciated role for OCRL in glomerular function and highlights the importance of investigating tubular function in patients with persistent proteinuria.
Long-term proton pump inhibitor usage and the association with pancreatic cancer in Sweden
Authors: Brusselaers Nele , Sadr-Azodi Omid , Engstrand Lars 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The long-term safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is increasingly questioned. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of pancreatic cancer among long-term PPI users in Sweden.

Methods
This population-based nationwide Swedish cohort study including 796,492 adult long-term PPI users has been used to calculate the standardized incidence rate ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pancreatic cancer, stratifying by indications of use, age, sex, and duration of use. The risk among all 20,210 long-term H2-receptor antagonist users was assessed as comparison.

Results
Pancreatic cancer was found in 1733 long-term PPI users, and 25 H2-receptor antagonist users. For PPI users, the risk of pancreatic cancer was increased overall (SIRs = 2.22; 95% CI 2.12–2.32) and in all subgroup analyses, with the highest risk among PPI-users younger than 40 years (SIR = 8.90, 95% CI 4.26–16.37), and among individuals with a history of Helicobacter pylori (SIR = 2.99, 95% CI 2.54–3.49). After the first year after enrolment (during which PPI use may be because of early symptoms of pancreatic cancer), the risk remained increased over time, with SIR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.38–1.76) after 5 years. No associations were found for H2-receptor antagonists (SIR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.66–1.51).

Conclusions
This large study showed an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in long-term users of PPIs in Sweden, in particular among the youngest users.
Spatiotemporal pattern of wild boar rooting in a Central European dry oak forest
Authors: Sütő D. , Farkas J. , Siffer S. , Schally G. , Katona K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWild boar (Sus scrofa) density has significantly increased worldwide. In Europe, oak acorns are basic diet items for the species. However, regeneration of temperate oak forests has become excessively low. Thus, better understanding of the patterns and dynamics of wild boar rooting and the spatiotemporal relationship between the acorn density and the rooting has special importance. In our study, the acorn density, the presence and intensity of the rooting were measured monthly in a 28-ha oak forest stand between 2016 October and 2019 April. Study site was divided to 400 m2grid cells to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns of the rooting. Comparing the acorn densities, we stated that in the first 2 years, but not in the third one, the oaks were masting. During the acorn-rich periods (October–April), significant inter-annual differences were found in the proportions of the disturbed area between the non-mast and the other two mast years. Throughout our observations, 9.12% of the cells stayed undisturbed. On average, in 12.59% of the cells new rooted patches appeared, and 15.6% of them was repeatedly disturbed. Rooting were mainly litter disturbances in 71.75% of cases. Throughout acorn fall periods (September–November), the most intensively rooted sites were the poorest in acorns, while the unrooted sites were the richest. Our results demonstrate that wild boars have a great effect on acorn density and on the whole forest by rooting almost the entire ground surface at least once, but also the masting of the oaks has a crucial role in their rooting dynamics.
Development and Psychometric Evaluation of an Item Bank for Computerized Adaptive Testing of the EORTC Insomnia Dimension in Cancer Patients (EORTC CAT-SL)
Authors:   on behalf of the EORTC Quality of Life Group, Dirven Linda , Petersen Morten Aa. , Aaronson Neil K. , Chie Wei-Chu , Conroy Thierry , Costantini Anna , Hammerlid Eva , Velikova Galina , Verdonck-de Leeuw Irma M. , Young Teresa , Groenvold Mogens 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo further advance assessment of patient-reported outcomes, the European Organisation of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Group has developed computerized adaptive test (CAT) versions of all EORTC Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (QLQ-C30) scales/items. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate an item bank for CAT measurement of insomnia (CAT-SL). In line with the EORTC guidelines, the developmental process comprised four phases: (I) defining the concept insomnia and literature search, (II) selection and formulation of new items, (III) pre-testing and (IV) field-testing, including psychometric analyses of the final item bank. In phase I, the literature search identified 155 items that were compatible with our conceptualisation of insomnia, including both quantity and quality of sleep. In phase II, following a multistep-approach, this number was reduced to 15 candidate items. Pre-testing of these items in cancer patients (phase III) resulted in an item list of 14 items, which were field-tested among 1094 patients in phase IV. Psychometric evaluations showed that eight items could be retained in a unidimensional model. The final item bank yielded greater measurement precision than the original QLQ-C30 insomnia item. It was estimated that administering two or more items from the insomnia item bank with CAT results in a saving in sample size between approximately 15–25%. The 8-item EORTC CAT-SL item bank facilitates precise and efficient measurement of insomnia as part of the EORTC CAT system of health-related quality life assessment in both clinical research and practice.
Solid residue and by-product yields from acid-catalysed conversion of poplar wood to levulinic acid
Authors: Hurst G. , Brangeli I. , Peeters M. , Tedesco S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study examines the yields of solid residue and by-product from the microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic poplar wood for levulinic acid production. The aim of this study was to optimise levulinic acid production via response surface methodology (RSM) and also investigate the effect of reaction conditions on other products such as furfural, solid residue, formic acid and acetic acid yields. A maximum theoretical levulinic acid yield of 62.1% (21.0 wt %) was predicted when reaction conditions were 188 °C, 126 min and 1.93 M sulphuric acid, with a corresponding solid residue yield of 59.2 wt %. Furfural from the hydrolysis of hemicellulose was found to have significantly degraded at the optimum levulinic acid yield conditions. The investigation of formic acid yields revealed lower formic acid yields than stoichiometrically expected, indicating the organic acid reactions under microwave-assisted hydrolysis of lignocellulose. The solid residue yields were found to increase significantly with increasing reaction time and temperature. The solid residue yields under all conditions exceeded that of levulinic acid and, therefore, should be considered a significant product alongside the high-value compounds. The solid residue was further examined using IR spectra, elemental analysis and XRF for potential applications. The overall results show that poplar wood has great potential to produce renewable chemicals, but also highlight all by-products must be considered during optimization.
Women Have Reduced Ability to Discriminate Body Odors During the Withdrawal Period of Oral Contraception
Authors: Endevelt–Shapira Yaara , Pinchover Liron , Perl Ofer , Bar Ella , Avin Ayelet , Sobel Noam 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction
Women’s olfactory perception varies across the menstrual cycle. The influence of oral contraceptives on this variability remains unclear.

Methods
To further estimate this, we assessed discrimination performance for both body odors and ordinary odorants in 36 women, 18 naturally ovulating, and 18 using oral contraceptives. Each participant was tested once a week over the course of a month, and data was then parsed into menstrual phases.

Results
In naturally ovulating women, at the transition from follicular to luteal phases, there was a decline of 19% (p = 0.003) in olfactory discrimination of body odors but not ordinary odorants. In turn, in women using oral contraceptives, only at a later time of the month, at a point corresponding to the late luteal phase and shift from post-ovulation to pre-menstruation, was there a decline of 20% (p = 0.002) in olfactory discrimination performance. Moreover, when we reorganized the data from women using oral contraceptives in order to separately assess the contraceptive withdrawal period (the few days off pills), we observed a 23% reduction (p = 0.01) in discrimination accuracy of body odors but not ordinary odorants during this time alone.

Conclusions
Women have reduced ability to discriminate body odors during the withdrawal period of oral contraception.

Implications
If women indeed consider men’s body odor in their mate selections, then the oral contraception withdrawal period may not be the best time to make such decisions.
Do the happy-go-lucky?
Authors: Thompson Edmund R. , Prendergast Gerard P. , Dericks Gerard H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile popular aphorisms and etymologies across diverse languages suggest an intrinsic association between happiness and luck beliefs, empirically testing the existence of any potential link has historically been constrained by varying and unclear conceptualizations of luck beliefs and by their sub-optimally valid measurement. Employing the Thompson and PrendergastPersonality and Individual Differences,54(4), 501-506, (2013) bi-dimensional refinement of trait luck beliefs into, respectively, ‘Belief in Luck’ and ‘Belief in Personal Luckiness’, we explore the relationship between luck beliefs and a range of trait happiness measures. Our analyses (N = 844) find broadly that happiness is negatively associated with Belief in Luck, but positively associated with Belief in Personal Luckiness, although results differ somewhat depending on which measure of happiness is used. We further explore interrelationships between luck beliefs and the five-factor model of personality, finding this latter fully accounts for Belief in Luck’s negative association with happiness, with additional analyses indicating this is wholly attributable to Neuroticism alone: Neuroticism appears to be a possible mediator of Belief in Luck’s negative association with happiness. We additionally find that the five-factor model only partially attenuates Belief in Personal Luckiness’ positive association with happiness, suggesting that Belief in Personal Luckiness may be either a discrete facet of trait happiness or a personality trait in and of itself.