bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morning Glory Syndrome: Clinical, Computerized Tomographic, and Ultrasonographic Findings
Authors: Harasymowycz Paul , Chevrette Lyne , Décarie Jean-Claude , Hanna Nelly , Aroichane Maryam , Jacob Jean-Louis , Milot Jean , Homsy Magda 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the ophthalmic, radiologic, and ultrasonographic findings in morning glory syndrome.
Patients and Methods: Retrospective review of patients' charts.
Results: Twenty-one patients were included. Visual acuity was 20/200 or better in 50% of the eyes. Three eyes developed a retinal detachment. When computerized tomography of the orbit demonstrated peripapillary scleral staphyloma and intraocular calcifications, this correlated with poor visual acuity. Computerized tomography of the brain revealed abnormalities in three asymptomatic patients. B-scan ultrasonography demonstrated retinal tissue overhanging the peripapillary scleral staphyloma.
Conclusions: Morning glory syndrome has a spectrum of severity, with most patients retaining useful vision. Orbital and cerebral computerized tomography scan as well as B-scan ultrasonography may help with diagnosis and management.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2005;42:290295.
Empirically Tested Health Literacy Frameworks
Authors: Cudjoe Joycelyn , Delva Sabianca , Cajita Mia , Han Hae-Ra 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Health literacy is a significant determinant of health behaviors, but the pathways through which health literacy influences health behaviors are not completely clear nor consistent. The purpose of this systematic review is to critically appraise studies that have empirically tested the potential pathways linking health literacy to health behavior.

Methods:
We performed searches of the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL to identify studies that proposed a conceptual framework and empirically tested the proposed mechanism through which health literacy influences certain health behaviors. Twenty eligible studies were included for analysis.

Key Results:

The 20 studies addressed various health behaviors: chronic disease self-management (
n
= 8), medication adherence (
n
= 2), overall health status (
n
= 4), oral care (
n
= 1), cancer screening (
n
= 1), shared decision-making (
n
= 1), health information sharing (
n
= 1), physical activity and eating behaviors (
n
= 1), and emergency department visits (
n
= 1). Most studies were conducted in the United States (
n
= 13) and used a cross-sectional design (
n
= 15). The Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults was commonly used to assess health literacy levels. Selection of variables and their operationalization were informed by a theoretical model in 12 studies. Age, gender, race/ethnicity, and insurance status were reported antecedents to health literacy. The most commonly tested mediators were self-efficacy (
n
= 8) and disease knowledge (
n
= 4). Fit indices reported in the studies ranged from acceptable to excellent.

Discussion:

Current evidence supports self-efficacy as a mediator between health literacy and health behavior. Further research is needed to identify how health literacy interplays with known psychosocial factors to inform people's use of preventive care services. Future studies should include more disadvantaged populations such as immigrants with high disease burden and those with low health literacy. Theory-based, empirically tested health literacy models can serve as the conceptual basis for developing effective health interventions to improve health behaviors and ultimately decrease the burden of disease in such vulnerable populations.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2020;4(1):e21–e44.]

Plain Language Summary:
This review systemically compiles, and critically appraises 20 existing studies that test conceptual frameworks that propose potential pathways through which health literacy affects health behaviors. The findings from this review can help inform the development of health literacy-focused interventions to improve the health behaviors of populations with disease burdens.
La matrice blanche. Portraits d’Africains dans la culture visuelle européenne depuis les Lumières
Authors: Ulz Melanie 
Published: February 2020

Cet article se penche sur les travaux de recherches actuels qui examinent de façon critique la représentation des Africains dans la peinture et la culture populaire européennes depuis le xviiie siècle. Il questionne d’abord l’analyse, par Anne Lafont, de la formation visuelle de la « race » dans la peinture française à l’époque des Lumières (2019), puis celui de Temi Odumosu (2017) sur la fonction des personnages noirs dans la caricature britannique vers 1800, et celui de Mia L. Bagneris (2018) sur le rôle des « belles créoles » dans les peintures caraïbes d’Antonio Brunias. Enfin, à partir de l’étude de Miriam Oesterreich (2018), il décrit l’adaptation des représentations des corps et des régimes du regard racistes dans les premières images publicitaires.
The Self-Assessment Corner for Shoulder Strength: Reliability, Validity, and Correlations With Upper Extremity Physical Performance Tests
Authors: Decleve Philippe , Van Cant Joachim , De Buck Ellen , Van Doren Justine , Verkouille Julie , Cools Ann M. 
Published: February 2020

Context
Rotator cuff weakness and rotation ratio imbalances are possible risk factors for shoulder injury among overhead athletes. In consensus statements, organizations have highlighted the importance of a screening examination to identify athletes at risk of injury. The screening should be portable and designed to be feasible in many different environments and contexts.

Objective
To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Self-Assessment Corner (SAC) for self-assessing shoulder isometric rotational strength and examining whether performance on 2 physical performance tests was correlated with isometric shoulder rotational strength using the SAC in handball players.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Sport setting.

Patients or Other Participants
A first sample of 42 participants (18 men, 24 women) was recruited to determine the reliability and validity of the SAC. In a second sample of 34 handball players (18 men, 16 women), we examined correlations between physical performance tests and the SAC.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
The SAC was used to measure isometric rotational strength with the upper extremity at 90° of abduction in the frontal plane and 90° of external rotation and the elbow flexed to 90° with neutral rotation of the forearm. The SAC findings were compared with those from manual testing. Results from the seated medicine ball throw (SMBT) and closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test (CKCUEST) were used to establish relationships with the SAC. We calculated intraclass correlation coefficients to determine relative reliability and used standard error of measurement and minimal detectable change to quantify absolute reliability. Relationships among the different strength-testing procedures and with the physical performance tests were determined using the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r) or Spearman rank correlation coefficient (rs).

Results
We observed good to excellent reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [2,k] range = 0.89 to 0.92). The standard error of measurement varied from 3.45 to 3.48 N. The minimal detectable change with 95% confidence intervals ranged from 8.06 to 8.13 N. Strong correlations were present among strength procedures (r = 0.824, rs range = 0.754–0.816). We observed moderate to strong correlations between the CKCUEST findings and rotational strength (r range = 0.570–0.767). Moderate correlations were found between rotational strength and SMBT (r range = 0.573–0.626).

Conclusions
The SAC is a clinically applicable and standardized protocol for self-assessing rotational strength in young healthy adults without pathologic conditions. Performance on the SMBT and CKCUEST may be valuable as a screening tool to further assess shoulder strength.
Shear Strength of Coal Combustion Product by Vane Shear
Authors: Herweynen Wesley J. , Bareither Christopher A. , Scalia Joseph 
Published: February 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate the shear strength of a coal combustion product (CCP) by using the vane shear test. A series of small-scale vane shear (SS-VS; diameter = 12.7 mm and height = 25.4 mm) and large-scale vane shear (LS-VS; diameter = 25 mm and height = 50 mm) laboratory tests were conducted. Undrained and drained strength envelopes were determined using consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests, and drained strength was checked via consolidated drained direct shear. In addition, effects of (1) rate of vane rotation, (2) time delay between vane insertion and beginning rotation, and (3) elapsed time under the final vertical effective stress before shear were evaluated via SS-VS. Vane shear strength results were represented in terms of peak shear strength and the initial horizontal effective stress acting on the vertical-oriented failure surface during rotational shear. Both SS-VS and LS-VS yielded shear strengths that plotted between the drained and undrained triaxial strength envelopes. Shear strength of CCP increased with increasing time under load, which was potentially attributed to diagenesis. Peak shear strength in SS-VS was reached after approximately 72 hours of elapsed time under constant vertical effective stress. Peak shear strength in SS-VS and LS-VS compared favorably to the drained strength measured via direct shear testing. © 2019 The University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research and the American Coal Ash Association All rights reserved.
“Isso não é pra você”: diálogos etnográficos entre o trabalho em padarias e a qualificação profissional
Authors: Carriço Antônio De Salvo 
Published: February 2020

Este artigo discute condições e limites do discurso sobre a qualificação profissional a partir do diálogo entre dois contextos pesquisados etnograficamente: um curso de formação de padeiros no SENAI e o cotidiano de padarias. A situação ímpar do pesquisador que busca emprego em uma padaria desafia certa “harmonia” de um discurso institucional sobre o tema, trazendo à tona significados específicos que conformam noções de trabalho, trabalhador e qualificação.
Radical Decadence
Authors: Skelly Julia 
Published: February 2020

This pioneering book explores the notion of ‘radical decadence’ as concept, aesthetic and lived experience, and as an analytical framework for the study of contemporary feminist textile art. Gendered discourses of decadence that perpetuate anxieties about women’s power, consumption and pleasure are deconstructed through images of drug use, female sexuality and ‘excessive’ living, in artworks by several contemporary textile artists including Orly Cogan, Tracey Emin, Allyson Mitchell, and Rozanne Hawksley.
Perceptions of decadence are invariably bound to the negative connotations of decay and degradation, particularly with regard to the transgression of social norms related to femininity and the female body. Excessive consumption by women has historically been represented as grotesque. Until now, women’s pleasure in relation to drug and alcohol use has largely gone unexamined in feminist art history and craft studies; here, representations of female consumption, from cupcakes to alcohol and cocaine, are opened up for critical discussion.
Drawing on feminist and queer theories, portrayals of ‘bad girls’ in artworks that explore female sexuality are considered as performative art designed to subvert and exceed expected feminine roles. In this provocative book, decadence is understood not as a destructive force but as a liberating aesthetic.
Faithfulness as Subhegemonic Antidote to a Precarious Existence: A Response to Peter-Ben Smit
Authors: Sierksma-Agteres Suzan J. M. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
In this response to Peter-Ben Smit’s article in this volume, two questions are discussed. The first intends to review critically one of the main tenets of Peter-Ben Smit’s contribution by asking exactly how fluid and discursive the construction of gender in the Pastoral Epistles was. The second question is whether hegemonic performance of masculinity is the best explanation for the manner of expressing authority in the Pastorals. As a mostly additional yet partly challenging perspective, a related interpretive frame is introduced: philosophical imitation in virtue. As authority is expressed in terms of imitation in virtuous living, it can be better understood as a form of, in Smit’s vocabulary, “subhegemonic” masculinity: a critical rephrasing of the cultural hegemonic norm in terms of self-control that enables participation of “every body,” male and female. Crucial to this philosophical ideal of masculinity is control over one’s self (sōphrosunē) instead of the hegemonic ideal of control over the world outside. In addition to this virtue, it will be argued that in all three Pastoral Epistles the virtue of pistis, “trust” or “faithfulness,” functions to create a reciprocal, inclusive, and divinely modeled network of imitation. Rather than supporting the author’s masculine self-presentation, as Smit holds, pistis functions to balance hegemonically gendered power play.
Salvific, Ethical, and Consummative “Appearances” in the Pastoral Epistles? A Response to Rob van Houwelingen
Authors: Manomi Dogara Ishaya 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
In his article titled “The Meaning of ἐπιϕάνεια in the Pastoral Epistles,” Rob van Houwelingen argues and concludes that ἐπιϕάνεια is used in 1 Timothy and Titus, on the one hand, to refer to the second coming of Christ, while it is used in 2 Timothy, on the other hand, to refer to the first coming of Christ. He further argues that the testamentary nature of 2 Timothy, unlike 1 Timothy and Titus, accounts for Paul’s focus on the first epiphany of Christ therein. While van Houwelingen’s article title and conclusion suggest an analysis that encompasses comprehensive lexical and conceptual elements, he, however, undertakes only a lexical study of the noun cognate ἐπιϕάνεια, without justifying the exclusion of the verbal (and other) cognates. In response, this article undertakes a comprehensive analysis of all the cognates and concepts of ἐπιϕάνεια in the Pastoral Epistles, focusing on their salvific, ethical, and consummative dimensions. It concludes that, in each of the three letters, depending on the context, ἐπιϕάνεια as a concept is used both in reference to the first and second comings of Christ. The emphasis is, however, more on the first than the second epiphany. Moreover, both epiphanies share an ethical significance that connects them together.
Papel dos flavonoides na doença de Parkinson
Authors: Pereira Jackson Da Silva , Beal Fabiani Lage Rodrigues 
Published: February 2020

A Doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma doença neurodegenerativa, crônica e progressiva, que acomete em geral pessoas idosas pela produção de neuroinflamação e ela ocorre pela perda de neurônios do sistema nervoso central. A estimativa em 2005, do número de indivíduos com idade acima de 50 anos apresentando a doença de Parkinson foi de 4,1, espera-se que esse número dobre entre 8,7 e 9,3 milhões em 2030. O uso de flavonoides na dieta com indivíduos com DP, conseguem minimizar ou retardar a progressão da doença e seus sintomas. Esses compostos estudados têm incidência na melhora da função cognitiva e previnem distúrbios neurodegenerativos em humanos. Compostos naturais, como flavonoides, parecem possuir potencial neuroprotetor provavelmente relacionado à sua capacidade de modular as respostas inflamatórias envolvidas emdoenças neurodegenerativas, inibindo a sinalização do Fator Transcrição Nuclear kB. A hipótese é que os flavonoides protegem contra a neurodegeneração que ocorre na enfermidade da DP, com base nos relatos da literatura sobre efeitos antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórios dos flavonoides e o envolvimento da resposta neuroinflamatória e estresse oxidativo da doença. Entre os estudos observados nesta revisão compreende-se que a subclasse de flavonoides, os polifenóis possuem efeitos protetores. Os últimos estudos apontam para a importância de se entender a biodisponibilidade dos flavonóides, colocando em questão a quantidade de fruta que precisaria ser consumida diariamente para fornecer efeitos benéficos contra o envelhecimento cerebral ou doenças neurodegenerativas, por quanto tempo uma dieta rica em frutos silvestres seria necessária para prevenção, tratamento ou manutenção das cognições cerebrais e motoras.
Exploration History and Discovery of the Diavik Diamond Deposits, Northwest Territories, Canada
Authors: Brett R. C. , Kinakin Y. , Howell D. , Davy A. T. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The 1991 discovery of the diamondiferous “Point Lake” kimberlite in the Lac de Gras region of the Archean Slave craton ignited one of the greatest staking rushes in history. Rio Tinto initiated a large land consolidation, predominantly up-ice and to the south of the BHP-DiaMet Point Lake discovery, including a 600,000-ha property owned by Aber Resources Ltd. Exploration commenced on this property in 1992 with airborne geophysics and kimberlite indicator mineral sampling. Prior to drilling, targeting decisions utilized ground geophysical surveys that resulted in a high (&gt;90%) kimberlite discovery success rate. Early discoveries were made by drilling strongly magnetic (but reversely polarized) lows. Subsequent discovery of diamondiferous kimberlites characterized by conductive anomalies with subtle to no magnetic responses changed the exploration paradigm.
The East Island area in Lac de Gras contained a preponderance of high-interest indicator minerals; drill testing of several conductive anomalies as imaged by EM techniques resulted in the discovery of kimberlites that would eventually comprise the Diavik diamond mine orebodies. Microdiamond results from more than 60 kimberlites on the property indicated that A154N, A154S, A21, and A418 were the most likely pipes to contain economic grades. Subsequent large-diameter drilling confirmed that A154S and A154N were indeed high grade, with respective sample grades of 4.59 and 2.32 carats per tonne. Initial delineation drilling and favorable valuation of 240 carats from A154S prompted the authorization of a $60 million feasibility study by the end of 1995.
The rapid discovery of Diavik was a result of the quick decision to acquire significant land in and surrounding Lac de Gras, the utilization of state-of-the-art geophysical techniques, the sound implementation of kimberlite indicator mineral exploration in glaciated terrains, and the use of microdiamond size-frequency curves to rank the kimberlites and assess the macrodiamond potential.
Geology, Mineral Chemistry, and Structure of the Kimberlites at Diavik Diamond Mine: Indicators of Cluster-Scale Cross-Fertilization, Mantle Provenance, and Pipe Morphology
Authors: Moss S. , Porritt L. , Pollock K. , Fomradas G. , Stubley M. , Eichenberg D. , Cutts J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Diavik diamond mine includes four diamondiferous kimberlite pipes (A154N, A154S, A418, and A21) and minor kimberlite dikes that are mined by Rio Tinto and Dominion Diamond Corporation. Pipe morphologies from A154S, A154N, and A418 show similar circular near-surface expressions, with expansion of cross-sectional area and elongation at depths below 100 m above sea level, consistent with the dominantly steeply dipping to nearly vertical structures in the area (~050°). The internal geology of the pipes is highly variable; twenty-nine distinct domains form the basis for three-dimensional geologic models. The kimberlite deposits at Diavik are highly variable and suggest that emplacement into similarly shaped pipes within a single cluster can vary significantly, resulting from a single infilling sequence (e.g., A154S), multiple events separated by periods of relative volcanic quiescence (e.g., A154N), or changes in magma flux or hydrologic conditions (e.g., A418). Diavik pipe emplacements likely result from a shared five-stage emplacement continuum involving (1) exploitation of existing structures by early kimberlite magma intrusion, (2) initial pipe excavation, (3) pipe infilling, (4) sedimentation into craters, and (5) late magmatic intrusion.
Indicator minerals from each kimberlite pipe contain varying proportions of the same mantle source. Differences in the relative abundances of mantle minerals are shown among different pyroclastic domains in a single pipe, suggesting emplacement via multiple magma pulses containing unique mantle populations, while units from different pipes are, in some cases, more similar and reflect cross-fertilization among adjacent pipes. Clinopyroxene thermobarometry indicates that the Diavik garnet lherzolite xenoliths were sampled from 100- to 200-km depths and suggests that magmas emplaced at A154N successively sampled deeper mantle through time. Structural analysis indicates that faulting occurred prior to kimberlite emplacement in varying stress regimes. Faults were subsequently reactivated or exploited by early-stage ascending kimberlite magmas, impacting both pipe elongation directions and excavation depths during emplacement. Exploration assessments on the basis of shallow (&lt;150 m) drilling alone may underestimate the volume and/or diamond potential, particularly for isolated (i.e., unclustered) bodies.
Women Entrepreneurship and Innovations in India: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Bulsara Hemantkumar P. , Chandwani Jyoti , Gandhi Shailesh 
Published: February 2020

Increased female entrepreneurial activity heralds a progress for women’s rights and optimization of their economic and social living index. Women entrepreneurship is synonymous with women empowerment. Parallel to the male counterparts, female entrepreneurs are catalytic in job creation, innovation and more than tangible contribution to the GNP of the country. An economy thrives when women get a level playing field as men. Innovation works as a catalyst or an instrument for Entrepreneurship. Indian Women, despite all the social hurdles stand tall from the rest of the crowd and are applauded for their achievements in their respective field. The transformation of social fabric of the Indian society, in terms of increased educational status of women and varied aspirations for better living, necessitated a change in the life style of Indian women. This paper endeavors to explore studies related to Women Entrepreneurship and Innovation in India. Few examples from Gujarat, India have been taken to understand the study in a better way. Keywords: Women Entrepreneurship; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; India; Economy; Gujarat.
Social Entrepreneurship in India: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Bulsara Hemantkumar P. , Gandhi Shailesh , Chandwani Jyoti 
Published: February 2020

Social Entrepreneurship is an all-encompassing nomenclature, used for depicting the process of, bringing about social change on a major and impactful scale compared to a traditional Non-Governmental Organization (NGO). It is an increasingly important concept in the study of voluntary, non-profit and not-for -profit organizations. Earlier, organizations addressing key social issues were assumed to be idealistic, philanthropic with entrepreneurial skills. Social Entrepreneurship in India is emerging primarily because the government is very keen on its promotion, not necessarily by funding it or by advising on it but by enabling it. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of the private sector with clearly earmarked funds and full-fledged action teams have played an important role in sprucing up the image of Social Entrepreneurship. The focus of the paper is to study the growing trends of Social Entrepreneurship in India and the new initiatives taken by various Social Entrepreneurs. It also gives a brief idea of different Theories of Social Entrepreneurship. Efforts are made to provide information and an exploratory study, related to the support activities of Social Entrepreneurship and Social Entrepreneurial ventures in India. This may be beneficial in future empirical studies of the subject. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Social Entrepreneurship, Social Entrepreneur, NGO, Corporate Social Responsibility, India.