bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Cladribine (2-CdA) in Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis
Authors: Helbig Grzegorz , Koclęga Anna , Gaweł Władysław B. , Włodarczyk Martyna , Rodzaj Marek , Łabędź Anna , Hus Iwona , Raźny Małgorzata 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSystemic mastocytosis (SM) is a rare clonal disorder with multi-organ involvements and shortened life expectancy. To date, no curative treatment for SM exists. Cladribine (2-CdA) is a purine analogue showing activity against neoplastic mast cells and its use was found to be effective in some patients with SM. Nine patients (six males and three females) with advanced SM at median age of 63 years (range 33–67) who received at least one course of 2-CdA were included in a retrospective analysis. Study patients were classified as having aggressive SM (ASM;n = 7) and SM with an associated hematological neoplasm (SM-AHN;n = 2). The “C” findings were as follows: (1) absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 1 × 109/l (n = 1) and/or hemoglobin level < 10 g/dl (n = 4) and/or platelet count < 100 × 109/l (n = 4); (2) hepatomegaly with ascites (n = 4); (3) skeletal involvement (n = 2); (4) palpable splenomegaly with hypersplenism (n = 3) and (5) malabsorption with weight loss (n = 5). Treatment consisted of 2-CdA at dose 0.14 mg/kg/day intravenously over a 2-h infusion for 5 consecutive days. Median dose per cycle was 45 mg (range 35–60). Median number of cycles was 6 (range 1–7). Overall response rate (ORR) was 66% (6/9 pts) including three partial responses and three clinical improvements. ORR was 100% and 66% for SM-AHN and ASM, respectively. Median duration of response was 1.98 years (range 0.2–11.2). At the last contact, five patients died, four have little disease activity, but remain treatment- free. 2-CdA seems to be beneficial in some patients with SM, however the response is incomplete.
Small satellite TT&C allocations below 1 GHz: outcome of ITU WRC-19
Authors: von der Ohe Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAs hundreds of new small satellites are being launched each year, the RF spectrum for satellite communication becomes increasingly occupied. The International Telecommunication Union recognized this problem at World Radiocommunication Conference 2015 (WRC-15) and invited study groups to investigate the utilization of frequency allocations. The studies followed a three-step approach: first, the TT&C spectrum requirements of small satellites, being a new class of satellites, were assessed. Second, the utilization of existing TT&C frequency allocations and their potential to incorporate the future number of satellites was studied. Third, the study groups investigated new potential TT&C frequency allocations in the frequency ranges 150.05–174 MHz and 400.15–420 MHz. The studies were completed for WRC-19. This paper presents the results of the study groups. A study of the spectrum requirements of small satellites has been completed. The required spectrum for TT&C was estimated to be less than 2.5 MHz for downlink and less than 1 MHz for uplink. Consequently, the study groups conducted sharing studies in various bands which yield that no new allocations are suitable for small satellite TT&C on a co-channel sharing basis. However, regulatory measures are proposed that in the study groups’ view will satisfy the small satellite developers’ needs. The paper will summarize the regulatory measures taken after WRC-19 along with a personal appraisal of the author.
Food from 458 m2—calculation for a sustainable, circular, and local land-based and landless food production system
Authors: Rahmann Gerold , Grimm Daniel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFour hundred fifty-eight meter square is the available cropland per person throughout Africa, if the population will increase 4 to 5 times towards 4.3 to 5.9 billion people in 2100, the maximum estimation of the UN 2019 (95% confidence interval). This space is not enough for food sovereignty, if the low African yields remain. Even with the global average yields, nearly 3 times higher than African yields, will not allow food sovereignty. Hunger, wars, diseases, and mass migration can be the consequences already long time before 2100. Nevertheless, food sovereignty is possible, but not in the way as it is done up to today by governments and development projects. In the future, intensification of (yields) and/or expansion (grassland, forest: LULUCF) of agriculture will not be able to produce enough, nutritious, and affordable food for everyone. But clever combining of land-based and landless food production can be a solution for a local, sustainable, and circular food security. Maize and soybeans are best for WFP minimum diets and have the best yields. Using insects and earthworms as protein source can deliver enough and nutritious protein, and local photoreactors can produce oil/and/or starch for food energy. Later can be large industrial and very small household scaled. This “out-of-the-box” system approach needs research and development. Every good research needs good questions and a concept with some simple calculations to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Socio-economic aspects are often not considered enough in technical focused and far ahead R&D.
Dominant physical mechanisms governing the forced-convective cooling process of white mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus)
Authors: Salamat Razieh , Ghassemzadeh Hamid Reza , Ranjbar Seyed Faramarz , Mellmann Jochen , Behfar Hossein 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNowadays, numerical modelling has been extensively converted to a powerful instrument in most agricultural engineering applications. In this study, a mathematical model was developed to simulate the forced-air cooling process of mushroom. The simulation was performed in CFD code Fluent 19.2 and the conservative mass, momentum and energy equations were solved within the package. The accuracy of the model was then quantitatively validated against experimental data and very good agreement was achieved ($$Root{-}Mean{-}Square Error\, \left( {RMSE} \right) \simeq 3.8 \%$$

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). It was confirmed that in addition to convective mode, water evaporation makes a major contribution in mushroom cooling. According to the results, the developed model was able to predict the velocity and temperature profiles with a reasonable accuracy. It also has a potential to be used in design and optimization of such processes.
Use of natural bio-sorbent in removing dye, heavy metal and antibiotic-resistant bacteria from industrial wastewater
Authors: Ahmed Sunzid , Aktar Salma , Zaman Sharmin , Jahan Rumana Akther , Bari Md. Latiful 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the ability of waste shell powder (WSP) and moringa seed powder (MSP) individually or in combination to eliminate dye, heavy metal and resistant bacteria from the industrial wastewater (IWW). The presence of dyes, heavy metals, approximately 7.0 log CFU/ml of aerobic bacteria and 3.0–4.0 log CFU/ml of other pathogens including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter freundii, Serratia liquefaciens and Bacillus cereus was evident in IWW of both tannery and textile industries. In addition, depending on the type of bacterial species each bacterium was resistant to as high as 50 ppm of multi-metal (Cr6+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ or its combination) and even multi-drug resistant (amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefixime, ceftazidime, and tazobactam). Combined use of MSP (0.8 gm/100 ml IWW) and WSP (0.2 gm/100 ml IWW) treatment was able to discolor the IWW within 4 h and took 24 h to eliminate heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria to non-detectable level from the IWW, simultaneously. On the other hand, individual use of MSP or WSP was not found effective enough to remove or eliminate dye, heavy metal and bacteria simultaneously from the IWW. Similar experimental results were observed in the challenge test with laboratory-prepared effluent water containing 35.0 ppm Remazol Brilliant Blue R dye and maximum 50 ppm Cr6+. Thus, the combination of these two bio-sorbents could be applicable in IWW treatment before being discharged into the environment.
Enhancing the spontaneous imbibition process using biosurfactants produced from bacteria isolated from Al-Rafidiya oil field for improved oil recovery
Authors: Hamzah Asaad Faraj , Al-Mossawy Mohammed Idrees , Al-Tamimi Wijdan Hussein , Al-Najm Fahad M. , Hameed Zainab Mohsen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAmong 64 bacterial strains isolated in this study, the best two of biosurfactant-producing bacteria were selected and identified based on the phenotypic properties and molecular approach based on 16S rRNA having 100% similarity to the gram-negative Enterobacter aerogenes B19 strain bacteria and rode gram-positive strain Bacillus cereus ISU-02 in the Nucleotide database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The study showed that two selected isolates gave the highest positive results that were used to investigate the biosurfactant production including: interfacial reduction, foaming activity, hemolytic activity, CTAB agar plate, drop collapse assay, oil displacement test and emulsification index E24%. Both Bacillus cereus ISU-02 strain and Enterobacter aerogenes B19 strain have reduced the interfacial tension to 27.61 and 28.93, respectively. Biosurfactants produced from both isolates were tested for oil recovery using spontaneous imbibition process. Bacillus cereus ISU-02 strain gave the highest oil recovery of 66.9% for rock permeability of 843 mD, followed by Enterobacter aerogenes B19 strain with oil recovery of 34% for rock permeability 197 mD, while the lowest rate of oil recovery was 12.1% for FW with permeability of 770 mD. An additional oil rate reached to 7.9% has been recovered from the residual oil when the core plug that was treated with formation water alone was retreated with the cell free biosurfactant supernatant. Use of the new biosurfactants has improved oil recovery better than use of formation water alone or formation water with the commercial surfactant SDS.
Partial Synthesis of Crassicauline A from Yunaconitine
Authors: Zhang Rong-Ping , Lin Yan-Jun , Yu Hao-Fei , Chen Si-Ying , Zhou Jun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Both Aconitum hemsleyanum and Aconitum geniculatun have abundant contents of yunaconitine (1). Yunaconitine (1) has similar skeleton to crassicauline A (3); the only difference between them is that 1 contains a α-hydroxyl group at C-3. Our team attempts to convert 1 into 3 because 3 owns pharmacological activity. There are two steps to achieve the transformation above: firstly, use dehydration reaction to transform yunaconitine (1) into dehydroyunaconitine (2); secondly, use hydrogen reduction to acquire crassicauline A (3). Compared with other methods, this one below is more suitable for production application and more concise; moreover, the cost is lower with higher yield.

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“What is a Sociologist Doing Here?” An Unconventional People-Centered Approach to Improve Warning Implementation in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction
Authors: Marchezini Victor 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recommends several actions for early warning systems (EWSs). However, there is a lack of information about their means of implementation. This article used institutional ethnography to analyze the 2012–2018 implementation of a national warning system in Brazil. The challenges related to daily activities, and the interdisciplinary works in the four axes of EWSs towards multi-hazard and people-centered approaches are discussed. This national experience is then discussed in the light of the global challenges of EWSs considering two main issues: (1) experiences of implementation and barriers related to people-centered warning systems; and (2) types of national/regional warning systems and hazards/threats that are being monitored as an important input for multi-hazard approaches. There are few multi-hazard warning systems in place and EWSs are focused on hydrometeorological hazards, mainly related to floods. The Sendai Framework needs to improve access to data and information, identify views from the frontline, consider political threats and vulnerabilities, and find ways to talk about disaster risk creation processes at a larger scale.
Association between cognitive phenotype in unaffected siblings and prospective 3- and 6-year clinical outcome in their proband affected by psychosis
Authors: Burger Thijs J. , Schirmbeck Frederike , Vermeulen Jentien M. , Quee Piotr J. , de Koning Mariken B. , Bruggeman Richard , de Haan Lieuwe ,   GROUP investigator
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundCognitive alterations are a central and heterogeneous trait in psychotic disorders, driven by environmental, familial and illness-related factors. In this study, we aimed to prospectively investigate the impact of high familial risk for cognitive alterations, unconfounded by illness-related factors, on symptomatic outcomes in patients.MethodsIn total, 629 probands with non-affective psychosis and their sibling not affected by psychosis were assessed at baseline, 3- and 6-year follow-up. Familial cognitive risk was modeled by three cognitive subtypes (‘normal’, ‘mixed’ and ‘impaired’) in the unaffected siblings. Generalized linear mixed models assessed multi-cross-sectional associations between the sibling cognitive subtype and repeated measures of proband symptoms across all assessments. Between-group differences over time were assessed by adding an interaction effect of time and sibling cognitive subtype.ResultsProbands affected by psychosis with a sibling of the impaired cognitive subtype were less likely to be in symptomatic remission and showed more disorganization across all time points. When assessing differences over time, probands of siblings with the impaired cognitive subtype showed less remission and less improvement of disorganization after 3 and 6 years relative to the other subtypes. They also showed less reduction of positive, negative and excitement symptoms at 6-year follow-up compared to probands with a sibling of the normal cognitive subtype.ConclusionsCross-sibling pathways from higher levels of familial cognitive vulnerability to worse long-term outcomes may be informative in identifying cognition-related environmental and genetic risks that impact psychotic illness heterogeneity over time.
Ex ante coherence shifts
Authors: Simon Dan , Holyoak Keith J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCushman characterizes rationalization as the inverse of rational reasoning, but this distinction is psychologically questionable. Coherence-based reasoning highlights a subtler form of bidirectionality: By distorting task attributes to make one course of action appear superior to its rivals, a patina of rationality is bestowed on the choice. This mechanism drives choice and action, rather than just following in their wake.
Rationalizations primarily serve reputation management, not decision making
Authors: Altay Sacha , Mercier Hugo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe agree with Cushman that rationalizations are the product of biological adaptations, but we disagree about their function. The data available do not show that rationalizations allow us to reason better and make better decisions. The data suggest instead that rationalizations serve reputation management goals, and that they affect our behaviors because we are held accountable by our peers.
Means and ends of habitual action
Authors: Berthelette Samantha , Kalbach Christopher 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cushman claims that post hoc rationalization of habitual behavior can improve future reasoning. His characterization of habits includes two components: (1) habitual behavior is a non-rational process, and (2) habitual behavior is sometimes rationalized. We argue that Cushman fails to show any habits that are apt targets for rationalization. Thus, it's unclear when – if ever – rationalizing habits would improve reasoning.
Rationalization and the status of folk psychology
Authors: Roskies Adina L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cushman's theory has implications for the philosophical debate about the nature of folk psychological states, for it entails realism about propositional attitudes. I point out a tension within his view and suggest a different view upon which rationalization emerges as a consequence of the adaptiveness of mentalizing. This alternative avoids the strong metaphysical implications of Cushman's theory.
The rationale of rationalization
Authors: Veit Walter , Dewhurst Joe , Dołęga Krzysztof , Jones Max , Stanley Shaun , Frankish Keith , Dennett Daniel C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhile we agree in broad strokes with the characterisation of rationalization as a “useful fiction,” we think that Fiery Cushman's claim remains ambiguous in two crucial respects: (1) the reality of beliefs and desires, that is, the fictional status of folk-psychological entities and (2) the degree to which they should be understood as useful. Our aim is to clarify both points and explicate the rationale of rationalization.
Letting rationalizations out of the box
Authors: Pärnamets Philip , Johansson Petter , Hall Lars 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe are very happy that someone has finally tried to make sense of rationalization. But we are worried about the representational structure assumed by Cushman, particularly the “boxology” belief-desire model depicting the rational planner, and it seems to us he fails to accommodate many of the interpersonal aspects of representational exchange.
Belief as a non-epistemic adaptive benefit
Authors: Gelpi Rebekah , Cunningham William Andrew , Buchsbaum Daphna 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Although rationalization about one's own beliefs and actions can improve an individual's future decisions, beliefs can provide other benefits unrelated to their epistemic truth value, such as group cohesion and identity. A model of resource-rational cognition that accounts for these benefits may explain unexpected and seemingly irrational thought patterns, such as belief polarization.
Rationalization is irrational and self-serving, but useful
Authors: Quilty-Dunn Jake 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRationalization through reduction of cognitive dissonance does not have the function of representational exchange. Instead, cognitive dissonance is part of the “psychological immune system” (Gilbert 2006; Mandelbaum 2019) and functions to protect the self-concept against evidence of incompetence, immorality, and instability. The irrational forms of attitude change that protect the self-concept in dissonance reduction are useful primarily for maintaining motivation.
Ideology, shared moral narratives, and the dark side of collective rationalization
Authors: Graham Jesse 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This commentary extends the target article's useful concepts to consider collective instances of representational exchange. When groups collectively rationalize their actions, entire networks of beliefs and desires can be created and maintained in the form of shared moral narratives and system-justifying ideologies. These collective rationalization cases illustrate how adaptive advantages can come at the expense of the truth.
Rationalization may improve predictability rather than accuracy
Authors: Kyle Stanford P. , Thomas Ashley J. , Sarnecka Barbara W. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We present a theoretical and an empirical challenge to Cushman's claim that rationalization is adaptive because it allows humans to extract more accurate beliefs from our non-rational motivations for behavior. Rationalization sometimes generates more adaptive decisions by making our beliefs about the world less accurate. We suggest that the most important adaptive advantage of rationalization is instead that it increases our predictability (and therefore attractiveness) as potential partners in cooperative social interactions.
The role of subjective age in sustaining wellbeing and health in the second half of life
Authors: Veenstra Marijke , Daatland Svein Olav , Aartsen Marja 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSubjective age (SA) is a core indicator of the individual ageing experience, with important consequences for successful ageing. The aim of the current study was to investigate the directions of the longitudinal associations between domains of SA and subjective wellbeing and physical functioning in the second half of life. We used three-wave survey data (2002, 2007 and 2017) spanning 15 years from the Norwegian Lifecourse, Ageing and Generation Study, including 6,292 persons born between 1922 and 1961. SA was measured with felt-age and ideal-age discrepancies, wellbeing with the Satisfaction of Life Scale and physical functioning with the Short-Form 12. Three-wave cross-lagged panel models were applied to assess the temporal relationships between the different domains of SA, life satisfaction and physical functioning, adjusted for age, gender and education. Findings indicated that wanting to be younger was negatively associated with life satisfaction and physical functioning over time. Felt-age discrepancies did not predict subsequent wellbeing or physical functioning. The results did not reveal any evidence for reversed effects, i.e. from functioning or life satisfaction to SA. Our findings support the psychological pathway from satisfaction with age(ing) to subjective wellbeing and physical functioning over time. Small ideal-age discrepancies reflect positive self-perceptions of ageing, which may help to accumulate psychological resources, guide behavioural regulation and support health.
YOUNG LEARNERS’ PROCESSING OF MULTIMODAL INPUT AND ITS IMPACT ON READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Pellicer-Sánchez Ana , Tragant Elsa , Conklin Kathy , Rodgers Michael , Serrano Raquel , Llanes Ángels 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTheories of multimedia learning suggest that learners can form better referential connections when verbal and visual materials are presented simultaneously. Furthermore, the addition of auditory input in reading-while-listening conditions benefits performance on a variety of linguistic tasks. However, little research has been conducted on the processing of multimedia input (written text and images) with and without accompanying audio. Eye movements were recorded during young L2 learners’ (N = 30) processing of a multimedia story text in reading-only and reading-while-listening conditions to investigate looking patterns and their relationship with comprehension using a multiple-choice comprehension test. Analysis of the eye-movement data showed that the presence of audio in reading-while-listening conditions allowed learners to look at the image more often. Processing time on text was related to lower levels of comprehension, whereas processing time on images was positively related to comprehension.