bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of two‐dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides for electronics and optoelectronics
Authors: Wu Min , Xiao Yonghong , Zeng Yang , Zhou Yuanliang , Zeng Xiangbin , Zhang Lining , Liao Wugang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTremendous efforts have been devoted to preparing the ultrathin two‐dimensional (2D) transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and TMDCs‐based heterojunctions owing to their unique properties and great potential applications in next generation electronics and optoelectronics over the past decade. However, to fulfill the demands for practical applications, the batch production of 2D TMDCs with high quality and large area at the mild conditions is still a challenge. This feature article reviews the state‐of‐the‐art research progresses that focus on the preparation and the applications in electronics and optoelectronics of 2D TMDCs and their van der Waals heterojunctions. First, the preparation methods including chemical and physical vapor deposition growth are comprehensively outlined. Then, recent progress on the application of fabricated 2D TMDCs‐based materials is revealed with particular attention to electronic (eg, field effect transistors and logic circuits) and optoelectronic (eg, photodetectors, photovoltaics, and light emitting diodes) devices. Finally, the challenges and future prospects are considered based on the current advance of 2D TMDCs and related heterojunctions.image
Trend analysis of cold extremes in South Africa: 1960–2016
Authors: van der Walt Adriaan J. , Fitchett Jennifer M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExtreme cold events (“cold waves”) have disastrous impacts on ecosystem and human health. Evidence shows that these events will still occur under current increasing mean temperatures. Little research has been done on extreme cold events, especially in developing countries such as South Africa. These events pose a significant threat due to the low adaptive capacity, urgent development needs and relatively inadequate infrastructure in South Africa. This study presents annual and seasonal, spatial and temporal trend analyses of extreme cold temperature events for the period 1960–2016. We apply the World Meteorological Organisation Commission for Climatology and Indices Expert Team on Sector‐Specific Climate Indices (ET‐SCI) to South Africa for the first time, with comparison to the World Meteorological Organisation Expert Team on Climate Change Detection (ETCCDI) indices previously used in South Africa. The extreme cold indices are calculated using the RClimDex and ClimPACT, respectively. Trends were calculated using the non‐parametric Mann‐Kendall test, Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient and Sen's slope estimates. A decreasing trend is found for annual cold spell duration and cold wave frequency, at rates of 0.10 days.day−1 and 0.02 events.day−1, respectively. Seasonally, coldest day temperatures increased in autumn, with increases of 0.02°C.day−1 for the period 1960–2016. Regionally, increasing trends in annual cold spell duration days were evident in stations located in the Western Cape, Eastern Cape, North‐West Province, at a rate of 0.03 days.day−1. Increasing trends in cold waves were observed for stations in Northern Cape, Gauteng, KwaZulu‐Natal and the Eastern Cape Province, at a rate of 0.01 events.day−1. These results contribute to the awareness and recognition of the incidence and duration of cold extreme events in South Africa, seeing that studies suggest that anomalously cold events may persist in a warming world.
Musculoskeletal microbiology: The utility of the microbiome in orthopedics
Authors: Hernandez Christopher J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe past 15 years have witnessed a renaissance in the study of the microbes that colonize the human body. The vast majority of the human microbiome resides within the gut. Alterations to the gut microbiome have been associated with the pathogenesis and progression of wide‐ranging diseases throughout the body—including atherosclerosis, depression, and obesity. Our understanding of the effects of the gut microbiome on the musculoskeletal system remains in its infancy, but preclinical work has demonstrated an effect of the gut microbiome on the success of orthopedic surgical procedures, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and muscle mass. In this perspective I review preclinical findings demonstrating that an impaired presurgical gut microbiome can increase the likelihood of developing periprosthetic joint infection and how alterations in the gut microbiome can reduce bone strength by impairing bone tissue material properties. In addition to discussing these examples, I review the hypothesis that many chronic non‐communicable diseases have become more prevalent in modern industrialized societies as a result of changes in the composition of the gut microbiome resulting from changes in environment/lifestyle (diet, sanitation, antibiotic use). The most burdensome musculoskeletal disorders are chronic and non‐communicable and may therefore be related to generational shifts in the composition of the gut microbiome, a possibility I illustrate by reviewing changes in the prevalence of osteoarthritis over the last century. Microbiome‐based therapeutics are potentially innocuous, inexpensive, and have the potential to be effective with only occasional use, making them attractive for addressing the needs of chronic and/or slowly progressing musculoskeletal disorders.
Factors influencing the prevalence of peri‐implantitis in implants inserted in augmented maxillary sinuses: A multicenter cross‐sectional study
Authors: Stacchi Claudio , Troiano Giuseppe , Rapani Antonio , Lombardi Teresa , Sentineri Rosario , Speroni Stefano , Berton Federico , Di Lenarda Roberto 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeri‐implantitis is widely recognized as a major cause of late implant failure, both in pristine and regenerated bone. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of peri‐implantitis in implants inserted in augmented maxillary sinuses and to analyze possible risk factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in four centers including patients who underwent lateral or transcrestal sinus augmentation and received dental implants. Clinical and anamnestic data were collected using a standardized form. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses have been performed for both implant‐level and patient‐level variables. Subsequently, a multilevel logistic mixed‐effect model was built to analyze variables correlated with the occurrence of peri‐implantitis.ResultsA total of 156 patients (61 males and 95 females; mean age: 60.9 ± 11.6 years) with 315 implants inserted into augmented maxillary sinuses with a follow‐up ranging from 1 to 18 years were evaluated. Seven implants in seven patients were previously lost for peri‐implantitis (2.2% and 4.5% at implant‐ and patient‐level, respectively); 250 implants showed no signs of peri‐implant diseases (79.4%), 34 implants presented mucositis (10.8%), and 24 implants exhibited peri‐implantitis (7.6%). Corresponding data evaluated at patient‐level were 125 (80.1%), 17 (10.9%), and 14 (9.0%), respectively. At the multilevel analysis, history of periodontitis, sinus elevation with lateral approach, and one‐stage sinus floor elevation significantly correlated with the occurrence of peri‐implantitis (P <0.001).ConclusionsHistory of periodontitis confirmed its well‐known role as a risk factor for peri‐implant pathologies. In addition, both lateral window technique and one‐stage sinus floor elevation seemed to represent significant risk factors for peri‐implantitis.
A rapid liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐ion mobility spectrometry method for monitoring nine representative metabolites in the seedlings of cucumber and wheat
Authors: Lu Yaling , Wu Xiangping , Yuan Lei , Li Yingdi , Wang Penghui , Yu Jianna , Tian Pingfang , Liu Wenjie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA fast and convenient high‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐ion mobility spectrometry method was developed to determine nine representative metabolites in the seedlings of cucumber and wheat. The analytical conditions were obtained by optimizing the parameters of high‐performance liquid chromatography and ion mobility spectrometry. Briefly, acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid solution was selected as the mobile phase for gradient elution at a flow velocity of 0.4 mL/min. Under negative electrospray ionization mode, spray voltage of ion mobility spectrometry was 4.5 kV, and drift tube temperature was set at 90°C. The metabolites from seedling leaves were extracted using 80% acetonitrile as the solvent at 4°C for 12 h. Results showed that under soilless culture conditions, the contents of maltose, citric acid, and p‐hydroxybenzoic acid in the seedlings of cucumber and wheat were reduced by low concentration of itaconic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid. Importantly, this analytical approach demonstrated high sensitivity, good linear response, and high selectivity. The lowest limit of detection was 0.004 μg for p‐hydroxybenzoic acid. Overall, this high‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐ion mobility spectrometry method is sensitive and efficient for rapid separation and identification of plant metabolites.
The Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale: Dimensionality and Measurement Invariance in a Sample of Children and Adolescents Exposed to Wildfires
Authors: Pereira Joana , Vagos Paula , Fonseca Ana , Moreira Helena , Canavarro Maria Cristina , Rijo Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNatural disasters are potentially traumatic events due to their disruptive nature and high impact on social and physical environments, particularly for children and adolescents. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES‐13) in a sample of Portuguese children and adolescents exposed to a specific type of natural disaster (i.e., wildfire). The sample was recruited at six school units of the Central region of Portugal following wildfires in the summer of 2017 and included children and adolescents without a clinical diagnosis of a psychopathological condition associated with exposure to the traumatic event (i.e., nonclinical sample, n = 486) and those with a clinical diagnosis of a trauma‐ and/or stress‐related disorder (i.e., posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD], adjustment disorder, separation anxiety disorder, or grief; clinical sample, n = 54). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a two‐factor model (i.e., Intrusion/Arousal and Avoidance) provided a better fit than a three‐factor model (i.e., Intrusion, Arousal, and Avoidance) and was found to be invariant across gender and age groups. The CRIES‐13 showed good reliability for all subscales, with Cronbach's αs > .79. Higher CRIES‐13 scores were associated with poorer health and well‐being and more internalizing and externalizing problems. The clinical sample presented with significantly higher CRIES‐13 scores than the nonclinical sample, ηp2 = .13. These results contribute to the cross‐cultural validation of the CRIES‐13 and support its use as a reliable and valid measure for assessing posttraumatic symptoms in children and adolescents.
The Fitting subgroup, p‐length, derived length and character table
Authors: Ahanjideh Neda 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor a character χ of a finite group G, the number is called the codegree of χ. Let N be a normal subgroup of G and set
Let p be a prime. In this paper, we first show that if for two distinct prime divisors p and q of , divides none of the codegrees of elements of , then and N is either p‐solvable or q‐solvable. Next, we classify the finite groups with exactly one irreducible character of the codegree divisible by p and, also finite groups whose codegrees of irreducible characters which are divisible by p are equal. Then, we prove that p‐length of a finite p‐solvable group is not greater than the number of the distinct codegrees of its irreducible characters which are divisible by p. Finally, we consider the case when the codegree of every element of is square‐free.
Consumers' response to promotional gifts: The role of gender, transactional value, and reciprocity
Authors: Kovacheva Aleksandra , Nikolova Hristina , Lamberton Cait 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGifts received with the purchase of a focal product are widely used as a tool aimed at incentivizing sales. Yet, marketers still face many questions related to the effectiveness of this promotional technique. In this paper, we examine whether customer's gender—a variable that is managerially relevant and often collected for targeting and positioning purposes—influences the success of gift promotions. Using novel data from a car rental company, we show that promotional gifts have a stronger positive impact on subsequent purchase behaviors for women (vs. men). Two follow‐up experiments demonstrate that this gender effect is driven by the fact that women obtain greater transactional value from the promotional purchase than men do, leading to enhanced reciprocity motivation among women. Taken together, these findings first argue for a more targeted use of promotions involving gifts and second, raise questions about whether we should carefully consider potential gender differences in predicting the effects of many common marketing tactics that are presently discussed as if universal.
Synergetic Effect of Dopamine and Alkoxysilanes in Sustainable Non‐Isocyanate Polyurethane Adhesives
Authors: Gomez‐Lopez Alvaro , Grignard Bruno , Calvo Iñigo , Detrembleur Christophe , Sardon Haritz 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe preparation of non‐isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) by polyaddition of (poly)cyclic carbonates to (poly)amines represents one of the most optimistic alternatives for replacing conventional polyurethanes prepared by the toxic isocyanate chemistry. However, the limited reactivity of conventional five membered cyclic carbonates even in the presence of catalysts restricts their industrial implementation. One way to mitigate this lack of reactivity is to combine with other chemistries to create hybrid‐NIPUs with superior performance. In this article the combination of the adhesive promoter, dopamine, and the fast‐curing promoter, an aminopropyl trimethoxysilane, is found to create a synergetic effect on the rheological and adhesive properties of NIPUs. After demonstrating the importance of adjusting soft/hard ratios to obtain lap‐shear strength adhesion values up to 21 MPa on stainless steel, these values are retained when adding dopamine and silane compounds. Importantly, the adhesive properties of NIPU are preserved at high temperature (T > 200 °C) for optimal compositions. Finally, adhesion tests on various substrates (polyamide, high density polyethylene, poly(methyl methacrylate), oak wood, and aluminum) show best performances on polar substrates confirming the strong interactions of hydroxyl groups of NIPU and dopamine.
Super Gas Barrier of a Polyelectrolyte/Clay Coacervate Thin Film
Authors: Chiang Hsu‐Cheng , Kolibaba Thomas J. , Eberle Bailey , Grunlan Jaime C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTransparent polymeric thin films with high oxygen barrier are important for extending the shelf life of food and protecting flexible organic electronic devices. Polyelectrolyte/clay multilayer nanocoatings are shown to exhibit super gas barrier performance, but the layer‐by‐layer assembly process requires numerous deposition steps. In an effort to more quickly fabricate this type of barrier, a polyelectrolyte/clay coacervate composed of branched polyethyleneimine (PEI), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and kaolinite (KAO) clay is prepared and deposited in a single step, followed by humidity and thermal post‐treatments. When deposited onto a 179 µm poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) film, a 4 µm coacervate coating reduces the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) by more than three orders of magnitude, while maintaining high transparency. This single‐step deposition process uses only low‐cost, water‐based components and ambient conditions, which can be used to for sensitive food and electronics packaging.
Suppression of Hippo Pathway by Food Allergen Exacerbates Intestinal Epithelia Instability and Facilitates Hypersensitivity
Authors: Wang Chong , lin Wanglei , Wang Yanbo , Fu Linglin 
Published: November 2020

ScopeHippo signaling is a crucial pathway in innate immune responses, but the relationship between food allergy and Hippo pathway is unknown. The aim of this work is to investigate the regulation of food allergy by Hippo pathway and reveal the molecular mechanisms.Methods and resultsTwo food allergens tropomyosin and ovalbumin are used to challenge a mouse model and CMT93 intestinal epithelia cell model. The allergic responses and the activation of Hippo pathway are tested in these models. In the mouse model, both allergens trigged significant allergic responses, and Hippo pathway is suppressed after allergen challenge. In CMT93, both allergens upregulate the expression of allergic cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin (IL)‐25, and IL‐33. In TAZ KD CMT93, the Hippo pathway is blocked, and the expression of allergenic cytokines are also suppressed.ConclusionsBoth in vivo and in vitro data demonstrate that the two food allergens suppressed Hippo pathway by downregulating TAZ expression, resulting in intestinal epithelia instability, and finally leading to hypersensitivity reactions. These findings provide potential therapeutic targets and molecular markers for food allergy, and provide dietary guidelines for allergenic individuals.
Important pharmacokinetic parameters for individualization of 177Lu‐PSMA therapy: A global sensitivity analysis for a physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic model
Authors: Hardiansyah Deni , Kletting Peter , Begum Nusrat J. , Eiber Matthias , Beer Ambros J. , Pawiro Supriyanto A. , Glatting Gerhard 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe knowledge of the contribution of anatomical and physiological parameters to interindividual pharmacokinetic differences could potentially be used to improve individualized treatment planning for radionuclide therapy. The aim of this study was therefore to identify the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model parameters that determine the interindividual variability of absorbed doses (ADs) to kidneys and tumor lesions in therapy with 177Lu‐labeled PSMA‐targeting radioligands.MethodsA global sensitivity analysis (GSA) with the extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test (eFAST) algorithm was performed. The whole‐body PBPK model for PSMA‐targeting radioligand therapy from our previous studies was used in this study. The model parameters of interest (input of the GSA) were the organ receptor densities [R0], the organ blood flows f, and the organ release rates λ. These parameters were systematically sampled NE times according to their distribution in the patient population. The corresponding pharmacokinetics were simulated and the ADs (model output) to kidneys and tumor lesions were collected. The main effect and total effect were calculated using the eFAST algorithm based on the variability of the model output: The main effect of input parameter represents the reduction in variance of the output if the “true” value of parameter would be known. The total effect of an input parameter represents the proportion of variance remaining if the “true” values of all other input parameters except for are known. The numbers of samples NE were increased up to 8193 to check the stability (i.e., convergence) of the calculated main effects and total effects .ResultsFrom the simulations, the relative interindividual variability of ADs in the kidneys (coefficient of variation CV = 31%) was lower than that of ADs in the tumors (CV up to 59%). Based on the GSA, the most important parameters that determine the ADs to the kidneys were kidneys flow ( = 0.36, = 0.43) and kidneys receptor density ( = 0.25, = 0.30). Tumor receptor density was identified as the most important parameter determining the ADs to tumors ( and up to 0.72).ConclusionsThe results suggest that an accurate measurement of receptor density and flow before therapy could be a promising approach for developing an individualized treatment with 177Lu‐labeled PSMA‐targeting radioligands.
Modeling and accomplishing the BEREC network neutrality policy
Authors: Barreto David S. , Reale Rafael F. , Martins Joberto S. B. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryNetwork neutrality (NN) is a principle of equal treatment of data in network infrastructures with fairness and universality being the primary outcomes of the NN management practice. For networks, the accomplishment of NN management practice is essential to deal with heterogeneous user requirements and the ever‐increasing data traffic. Current tools and methods address the NN problem by detecting network neutrality violations and detecting traffic differentiation. This paper proposes the NN‐PCM (Network Neutrality Policy Conformance Module) that deploys the BEREC network neutrality policy using a bandwidth allocation model (BAM). The NN‐PCM new approach allocates bandwidth to network users and accomplishes the BEREC NN policy concomitantly. Network neutrality is achieved by grouping users with similar traffic requirements in classes and leveraging the bandwidth allocation model's characteristics. The conceptual analysis and simulation results indicate that NN‐PCM allocates bandwidth to users and accomplishes BEREC network neutrality conformance by design with transparent, nondiscriminatory, exceptional, and proportional management practices.
A cross‐sectional study on the relationship between meditation training and emotional intelligence in women
Authors: Sung Min‐Kyu , Ha Na Hyun , Lee Ul Soon , Yang Hyun‐Jeong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimWe aimed to reveal the relationship of meditation with emotional intelligence (EI), sleep quality and melatonin level.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsOur current research was performed on middle‐aged women. EI scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and night‐time saliva melatonin were measured for 65 participants including 33 meditators and 32 controls.ResultsThe meditation group showed a significantly higher EI score than the control group. In the regression analysis between EI and age, only the meditation group showed a significant positive correlation. The Pearson correlation analysis among all participants revealed a significant negative correlation between PSQI and EI. There was no significant group difference in the melatonin and PSQI.