bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of Electrical Methods as A Worthy Tool for Mineral Exploration
Authors: Egbelehulu Priscillia , Mallam Abu , Abdulsalam Naeem , Adewumi Taiwo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on the review of electrical geophysical methods such as electrical resistivity and induced polarization as a technique for mineral exploration. It highlights the general fundamental principles of the electrical methods and result from other investigations. Most rock – forming minerals are insulators, and electrical current is carried through rocks mainly by the passage of ions in pore waters. In light of this, most rocks conduct electricity by electrolytic rather than electronic processes. Since metals and most metallic sulphides conduct electricity efficiently by the flow of electrons, electrical method is efficient and important in environmental investigation especially in areas where metallic objects are the targets and also in the search for sulphide ores. The results from various research showed the applicability of these geophysical ground methods, specially the Induce Polarization method, as a support tool in the identification and selection of exploration targets for test drilling.
Attenuation parameters of polyvinyl alcohol-tungsten oxide composites at the photon energies 5.895, 6.490, 59.54 and 662 keV
Authors: Muthamma M V , Gudennavar Bubbly S , Gudennavar Shivappa B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The growing demand for lightweight, non-toxic and effective X- and γ-ray shielding materials in various fields has led to the exploration of various polymer composites for shielding applications. In this study, tungsten filled polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composites of varying WO3 concentrations (0 - 50 wt%) were prepared by solution cast technique. The structural, morphological, and thermal properties of the prepared composite films were studied using X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The AC conductivity studies showed the low conductivity property of the composites. The X-ray (5.895 and 6.490 keV) and γ-ray (59.54 and 662 keV) attenuation studies performed using CdTe and NaI(Tl) detector spectrometers revealed a noticeable increase in shielding efficiency with increase in filler wt%. The effective atomic number (Zeff) calculated by the direct method agreed with the values obtained using Auto-Zeff software. The % heaviness showed that tungsten filled polyvinyl alcohol composites are lighter than traditional shielding materials.
Transformation of the Landscape Structure of the Selected Testing Grounds in the Tri-city Agglomeration in the Years 1985–2012
Authors: Korwel-Lejkowska Barbara 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research was to define the scale and directions of transformation of the selected forms of land cover in the surroundings of the intra-urban areas of the Tri-city Agglomeration (Poland), combined with simultaneous testing of the usefulness of the index of convergence of structures for analysing changes in the structure of land use. The analysis was made on the basis of data from topographic maps on a scale of 1:10,000 and digital data from BDOT10k for a period of 28 years. In the areas of major changes, the scale and directions of changes between particular types of land cover were determined. Negative natural effects expressed, among other things, by the deteriorating proportion between the biologically active and built-up areas were indicated.
Rural Areas as the Origin and Destination of Permanent Internal Migrations between 2002 and 2017 in Poland. A Local-Level Analysis (Nuts 5)
Authors: Ilnicki Dariusz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe main aim of the study is to identify the main streams of permanent migration and determine their reach. Special attention has been paid to rural areas (a rural commune, the rural area of an urban–rural commune) as the origin and destination of migration. The study has been conducted at the lowest level of territorial division in Poland (NUTS 5 – cities and communes). The analysed data cover the period between 2002 and 2017 and come from the online database Demografia GUS [Demography, Statistics Poland]. While presenting the volume and directions of migrations, the total and maximum values of migration have been considered. This approach allowed identifying the catchment areas as well as the areas of migratory attractiveness. These areas are highly similar in terms of their spatial extent. However, they differ significantly in terms of magnitude and reach of the main migration streams. Permanent internal migrations within rural areas are the least significant among all migration directions. One of their characteristics is the fact that they are short–distance migrations, occurring between neighbouring units. Permanent internal migrations appear to be a good indicator of urbanisation of suburban zones and the shaping of functional urban–rural–urban connections.
Contemporary Directions of Transformations in the Settlement and the Landscape of Rural Areas in the Silesian Lowland
Authors: Łach Janusz , Szczepańska Barbara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRural areas of the Silesian Lowland, undergoing social and economic transformations today, have had a strong impact on the formation of the region's settlement landscapes. Political and economic changes after 1989 have affected the development of rural areas, in particular of ‘privileged’ settlements for which the proximity of towns and a trunk road are favourable factors. The result of these seemingly positive factors is the escape of young people (potential farmers) to the cities and an influx of new settlers. This affects social behaviour and activity, as well as the visual rural landscape, creating suburban zones with residential and leisure functions. The village seems to have lost its typical character but has it really? The subject of the research is, therefore, an analysis of changes in the spatial and social structure of a rural village as exemplified by Borek Strzeliński, which allows setting out its functions. The research issue is to determine the level of social activity of rural residents and their attitude towards the local cultural heritage, which influences their identity and the value of the landscape. The use of integrated methods of field work based on a free sociological survey has allowed identifying the spatial directions of village development and threats resulting from divided social activity.
Quality of Public Transport Services in the Aspect of City Logistics Requirements
Authors: Perzyńska Agnieszka 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the article is to analyse and evaluate public transport in the aspect of city logistics requirements on the example of Zielona Góra. The following study is an attempt to determine the quality of public transport services carried out by the Municipal Public Transport Company. The assessment of public transport is a comprehensive concept referring to more than one parameter. New rolling stock, available information, price of tickets, safety of journeys are only some of the components that affect the assessment of public transport. All the elements that the traveller draws attention to are the factors determining the assessment of public transport. Based on the research carried out in Zielona Góra, despite a small research sample, we can assume that the analysis of the research contributed to the assessment of the level of public transport. After the analysis, the test results confirm the residents’ satisfaction with the means of transport. The parameters with unsatisfactory responses provide a signal to improve the quality of services so that subsequent studies will bring greater satisfaction.
30 Jahre Mauerfall in der französischen Presse
Authors: Braun Stefanie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
La contribution revient sur le retentissement de l’anniversaire de la chute du Mur de Berlin dans la presse française à travers l’étude de plus de cent articles parus autour du 9 novembre 2019 dans les principaux quotidiens et hebdomadaires français selon le classement de l’ACPM. Les thématiques dégagées se consacrent à la représentation et l’interprétation de l’événement historique en France, la problématique du traitement du passé et de la mémoire de la RDA, le changement de la perspective mémorielle, la relation entre la chute du Mur et la question européenne, la signification de la chute du Mur en lien avec les disparités est-ouest en Allemagne et les débats sur la fin de l’Histoire et des idéologies. Au-delà du simple constat d’une commémoration qui se démarquerait des précédentes par une célébration plus discrète, l’étude de la presse française démontre dans quelle mesure le regard porté sur l’évènement hors-frontières allemandes a évolué et à quel point il reste encore un enjeu idéologique et polémique dans les débats sur l’Allemagne et l’Europe dans la France actuelle.
Heave analysis of shallow foundations founded in swelling clayey soil at N’Gaous city in Algeria
Authors: Khennouf Abdelaziz , Baheddi Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The design of shallow foundations on swelling soils needs a thorough study to evaluate the effect of swelling potential soil on the final foundation heave. For this reason, a simple analytical approach based on the soil stress state under the foundation can be used to calculate the foundation heave. This paper reports a set of analytical and numerical analysis using the finite-difference code (FLAC 3D), performed on an isolated shallow foundation founded on a swelling soil mass at N’Gaous city in Batna Province, Algeria, subjected to distributed vertical loads. Further, the influence of some parameters on total heave was analyzed, such as the embedded foundation and soil stiffness. The analysis results from the proposed 3D modelling was compared and discussed with analytical results. The numerical results obtained show a good agreement with the analytical solutions based on oedometer tests proposed in the literature, and deliver a satisfactory prediction of the heave of the shallow foundations.
Empirical and theoretical models for prediction of soil thermal conductivity: a review and critical assessment
Authors: Różański Adrian , Kaczmarek Natalia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe paper discusses existing models used to estimate the thermal conductivity of the soil medium. The considerations are divided into three general sections. In the first section of the paper, we focus on the presentation of empirical models. Here, in the case of Johansen method, different relations for Kersten number are also presented. In the next part, theoretical models are considered. In the following part, selected models were used to predict measured thermal conductivities of coarse- and fine-grained soils, at different water contents. Based on these predictions as well as on the authors’ experience, a critical assessment of the existing models is provided. The remarks as well as advantages and disadvantages of those models are summarized in a tabular form. The latter is important from a practical point of view; based on the table content, one can simply choose a model that is suitable for the particular problem.
Optimisation of Heart Failure Management in Nursing Homes Using Point-of-Care Ultrasonography: Harmonious Trial Rationale and Design
Authors: Homar Vesna , Švab Igor , Lainščak Mitja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Heart failure is common in the nursing home population and presents many diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Point-of-care ultrasonography is a bedside method that can be used to assess volume status more reliably than clinical examination. This trial was conceived to test whether point-of-care ultrasonography-guided management improves heart failure outcomes among nursing home residents.

Methods
Nursing home residents with heart failure will be enrolled in a multi-centre, prospective, randomised controlled trial. Residents will first be screened for heart failure. Patients with heart failure will be randomised in 1:1 fashion into two groups. Nursing home physicians will adjust diuretic therapy according to volume status for six months. Point-of-care ultrasonography will be used in the test group and clinical examination in the control group. The primary endpoint will be heart failure deterioration, defined as a composite of any of the following four events: the need for an intravenous diuretic application, the need for an emergency service intervention, the need for unplanned hospitalisation for non-injury causes, or death from whatever cause.

Expected results
The expected prevalence of heart failure among nursing home residents is above 10%. Point-of-care ultrasonography-guided heart failure management will reduce the number of deteriorations of heart failure in the nursing home population.

Conclusion
This study will explore the usefulness of point-of-care ultrasonography for heart failure management in the nursing home population.
Changes in the Growth and Development of Adolescents in a Country in Socio-Economic Transition 1993–2013
Authors: Robič Pikel Tatjana , Malus Tina , Starc Gregor , Golja Petra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Changes in human growth and development depend on genetic and environmental factors. In the case of Slovenia, the environmental factors changed as a result of the period of socio-economic transition that the country underwent between 1991 and 2013. The authors used anthropometric techniques to evaluate differences in body height, proportions and sexual maturity in 1,221 adolescents aged 14 in 1993, 2003 and 2013.

Methods
Data was collected as a part of the ACDSi study, which has monitored children’s somatic growth and motor development every decade over the last 40 years.

Results
Between 1993 and 2013, a trend (p=0.08) towards increased body height was observed in males. The comparison of age at peak height velocity (PHV) between generations demonstrated a trend (p=0.07) of earlier entry into puberty in adolescents in 2013 compared to those in 1993. The leg-to-body height ratio increased (p<0.05) with every decade in males, while in females it decreased (p<0.05) in 2013. Similar trends were observed in the leg-to-trunk ratio. Contemporary generations experienced PHV at a younger age (p<0.05), which is true for both genders even in adolescents born no more than two decades (1993 (2013) apart. In both generations, females experienced PHV sooner than their male peers.

Conclusion
The authors assume that females of the 2013 generation reached puberty earlier than females of older generations. It is most likely that, unlike females from older generations and unlike males, they were already at the stage of trunk growth at the time of the measurements, which explains the observed changes in their trunk length, leg-to-body height and leg-to-trunk ratios in comparison to earlier generations.
Evaluation of Biomedical Laboratory Performance Optimisation Using the DEA Method
Authors: Lamovšek Nejc , Klun Maja 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The Slovenian Resolution on the National Healthcare Plan notes that the country’s medical laboratory activities are fragmented, which may result in cost-inefficiency and a reduction in the quality of the services provided. Defining the efficiency of laboratory service providers can therefore help us to pursue the objectives of the Resolution, i.e. to consolidate and integrate laboratory activities.

Methods
Using the DEA method, we conducted an analysis of the efficiency of 20 biomedical laboratories in Slovenia, and made a comparison with a “virtual” laboratory, i.e. a merger of laboratories within a selected organisational unit. By testing different DEA models, we sought to determine whether the use of different input variables caused significant differences in the laboratories’ efficiency scores.

Results
The research results show that inefficiency resulting from the size of the units is 1.5 times greater than process inefficiency. Using a non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, we determined, at a risk level of 0.05, that there was no difference between the efficiency results when using two different technical efficiency DEA models. When evaluating the virtually merged laboratory, we determined that, under all three models, the virtual laboratory achieved 100% VRS efficiency. However, when the CRS methodology was used, the laboratory showed a certain degree of scale inefficiency.

Conclusions
When evaluating merger of medical laboratories we note that the DEA method is methodologically suitable for evaluating the effects of health policy implementation, and is an appropriate tool for identifying where the field of laboratory medicine might be further developed and improved.
A high-definition 3D exoscope as an alternative to the operating microscope in spinal microsurgery
Authors: Siller Sebastian , Zoellner Caroline , Fuetsch Manuel , Trabold Raimund , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Zausinger Stefan 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVESince the 1970s, the operating microscope (OM) has been a standard for visualization and illumination of the surgical field in spinal microsurgery. However, due to its limitations (e.g., size, costliness, and the limited movability of the binocular lenses, in addition to discomfort experienced by surgeons due to the posture required), there are efforts to replace the OM with exoscopic video telescopes. The authors evaluated the feasibility of a new 3D exoscope as an alternative to the OM in spine surgeries.METHODSPatients with degenerative pathologies scheduled for single-level lumbar or cervical spinal surgery with use of a high-definition 3D exoscope were enrolled in a prospective cohort study between January 2019 and September 2019. Age-, sex-, body mass index–, and procedure-matched patients surgically treated with the assistance of the OM served as the control group. Operative baseline and postoperative outcome parameters were assessed. Periprocedural handling, visualization, and illumination by the exoscope, as well as surgeons’ comfort level in terms of posture, were scored using a questionnaire.RESULTSA 3D exoscope was used in 40 patients undergoing lumbar posterior decompression (LPD) and 20 patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF); an equal number of controls in whom an OM was used were studied. Compared with controls, there were no significant differences for mean operative time (ACDF: 132 vs 116 minutes; LPD: 112 vs 113 minutes) and blood loss (ACDF: 97 vs 93 ml; LPD: 109 vs 55 ml) as well as postoperative improvement of symptoms (ACDF/Neck Disability Index: p = 0.43; LPD/Oswestry Disability Index: p = 0.76). No intraoperative complications occurred in either group. According to the attending surgeon, the intraoperative handling of instruments was rated to be comparable to that of the OM, while the comfort level of the surgeon’s posture intraoperatively (especially during “undercutting” procedures) was rated as superior. In cases of ACDF procedures and long approaches, depth perception, image quality, and illumination were rated as inferior when compared with the OM. By contrast, for operating room nursing staff participating in 3D exoscope procedures, the visualization of intraoperative process flow and surgical situs was rated to be superior to the OM, especially for ACDF procedures.CONCLUSIONSA 3D exoscope seems to be a safe alternative for common spinal procedures with the unique advantage of excellent comfort for the surgical team, but the drawback is the still slightly inferior visualization/illumination quality compared with the OM.
Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Kitab Adab Al-‘Alim Wa Al-Muta’allim dan Relevansinya Terhadap Pendidikan Karakter di Indonesia
Authors: Saipullah Saipullah 
Published: July 2020

The results of this study concluded that the strengthening of the feeling is more effective than the strengthening of the ratio in self-development. It can be done withthat the values ​​of character education contained in Adab al-‘Alim wa al-Muta‘allim written by KH. Hasyim Asyari are taqwa, loving science, zuhd, discipline, al-qawamiyah, patience, wara’, tawad‘u, hard work/sincerity, loving cleanliness, democracy, affection, communication/ frienkedship, righteousness, social care, and gratitude. These 17 values ​​are in accordance with character education in Indonesia. So that it can be interpreted that the values are proven to form a good disciple (santri) and support effective teaching and learning activities. The primary source of this study is Adab al-‘Alim wa al-Muta‘allim written by KH. Hasyim Asyari. While secondary data are references related to character education in the form of books, magazines, journals and other references relevant to this research. This research is library research. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive-analysis approach that is by describing the book Adab al-‘Alim wa al-Muta‘allim withsocial history analysis in character education, then analyzed by conducting in-depth study about character education values and their relevance to character education in Indonesia.
PENGUATAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN SYARIAH BAGI UMKM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DOOR TO DOOR DI DESA KOTASAN
Authors: Hayati Isra 
Published: July 2020

Pengeloaan manajemen keuangan syariah yang baik sangat diperlukan bagi UMKM dalam menjalankan usaha agar usaha yang dijalankan mampu memaksimalisasi nilai dan profit perusahaan, menciptakan kesejahteraan, menciptakan citra perusahaan dan tanggung jawab perusahaan. Kegiatan PKM KKN UMSU ini memberikan sosialisasi dan pelatihan penguatan pengelolaan manajemen keuangan syariah bagi UMKM di Desa Kotasan Kecamatan Galang Kabupaten Deli Serdang menggunakan metode Door to Door dengan cara mendatangi setiap usaha masing-masing UMKM yang ada di Desa Kotasan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman UMKM dalam pengelolaan manajemen keuangan syariah serta UMKM mampu membuat pencatatan transaksi keuangan dalam menjalankan usaha.

Kata Kunci : Manajemen Keuangan Syariah, Door to Door, UMKM
Availability and price changes of potential medicines and equipment for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 among pharmacy and drug stores in Bangladesh; findings and implications
Authors: Haque Mainul , Islam Salequl , Iqbal Samiul , Urmi Umme Laila , Kamal Zubair Mahmood , Rahman Aminur , Kamal Mustafa , Haque Monami , Jahan Iffat , Islam Zakirul , Hossain Mohammad Monir , Murshid Munzur E , Sefah Israel , Kurdi Amanj , Godman Brian 
Published: July 2020

Objective: There are concerns with increased prices and drug shortages for pertinent medicines and personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent and treat COVID-19 enhanced by misinformation. Community pharmacists and drug stores play a significant role in disease management in Bangladesh due to high co-payments. Consequently, a need to review prices and availability in the pandemic.
Materials and Methods: Multiple approach involving a review and questionnaire among pharmacies and stores early March to end May 2020.
Results and Discussion: 170 pharmacies and drug stores took part, giving a response rate of 63.9%. Encouragingly, no change in utilization of antimalarial medicines in 51.2% of stores despite global endorsements. However, increased utilisation of antibiotics (70.6%), analgesics (97.6%), vitamins (90.6%) and PPE (over 95%). Encouragingly, increases in purchasing of PPE. No increase in prices among 50% of the stores for antimalarials, with a similar situation for antibiotics (65.3%), analgesics (54.7%), and vitamins (51.8%). However, price increases typically for PPE (over 90% of stores). Shortages also seen for medicines and PPE, again greater for PPE.
Conclusions: The pandemic has impacted on the supply and prices of medicines and PPE in Bangladesh. Key stakeholder groups can play a role addressing misinformation, with enhanced local production helping address future shortages and prices.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 36-S 50