bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited access to family-based addiction prevention services for socio-economically deprived families in Switzerland: a grounded theory study
Authors: Pfister Andreas , Koschmieder Nikola , Wyss Sabrina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Families living in poor socio-economic circumstances, already confronted with social and health inequalities, are often not reached by family-based addiction prevention services. Besides quantitative models and health literacy approaches, qualitative research is lacking that could shed light on the exact circumstances and processes that lead to hindered addiction prevention service uptake by these families. Drawing on the concept of candidacy, we therefore reconstructed how socio-economically deprived parents and their (pre)adolescent children in the German-speaking part of Switzerland (non-)identified their candidacy for family-based addiction prevention services.Methods: Following grounded theory, we collected and analysed data in an iterative-cyclical manner using theoretical sampling and theoretical coding techniques. Sixteen families with children aged 10–14 years were interviewed in depth (parent/s and child separately). All but one family lived below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold.Results: Socio-economically deprived families’ modes of recognizing and handling problems in everyday life were found to be core phenomena that structure the process towards (non)identification of candidacy for family-based addiction prevention services. Four modes anchored within socio-demographic resources were found: Families with mode A perceived their current life situation as existentially-threatening and focused daily coping on the main pressing problem. Others (mode B) perceived prevalent multiple problems as normal (now); problems were normalized, often not recognized as such. In mode C families, problems were pragmatically recognized at a low threshold and pragmatically dealt with, mostly within the family. In mode D families, problems were constantly produced and dealt with early by the worried and anxious parents monitoring their child. From modes D to A, vulnerability increased concerning non-identification of candidacy for family-based addiction prevention services. Further, thematic relevance of addiction prevention, past experience with offers, integration in systems of assistance, strategies to protect the family, and families’ search for information influenced whether identification of candidacy took place.Conclusions: Socio-economically deprived families differ in modes of problem construction and handling in everyday life; this differently opens up or closes routes to family-based addiction prevention. Addiction prevention practice should build on a bundle of diverse strategies for outreach to these families, stressing especially interventions on the structural and environmental level.
Effects of antioxidant supplementation on oxidative stress balance in young footballers: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Stankiewicz Błażej , Cieślicka Mirosława , Kujawski Sławomir , Piskorska Elżbieta , Kowalik Tomasz , Korycka Justyna , Stejnborn Anna Skarpańska - 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The intensive physical exercise in which athletes take part in competitive sports can negatively affect the pro-oxidative–antioxidant balance. The use of compounds with high antioxidant potential, which certainly should include chokeberry, can prevent these adverse changes.
Methods
The study was conducted on a group of football players aged 16–17 years, who underwent 7 weeks of supplementation with 200 ml chokeberry juice per day. Before and after supplementation, the participants performed an intensive physical exercise test (beep test). At rest, immediately after exercise and after 3 and 24 h of rest, venous blood was taken from the subjects, in which levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive products (TBARS), hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), iron (Fe), hepcidin, ferritin, myoglobin, albumin and morphological parameters were examined.
Results
There was a significant impact of the intervention in response to the physical exercise test in the studied groups on parameter dynamics: 8-OHdG (t = 3.56, p = 0.0005), albumin (t = 1.98, p = 0.049), TBARS (t = 4.33, p = 0.00003), hepcidin (t = 2.21, p = 0.03), and Mono level (t = 2.14, p = 0.04) and percentage (t = 2.27, p = 0.03). The post-hoc test showed no effect of chokeberry juice supply on any of the morphological, biochemical or performance parameters analysed.
Conclusions
The supplementation applied to footballers showed no effects under the influence of the applied exercise stress test. Such results may be the result of both the players’ adaptation to the applied exercise loads and the insufficient antioxidant capacity of the supplement used.
Supplement With Whey Protein Hydrolysate in Contrast to Carbohydrate Supports Mitochondrial Adaptations in Trained Runners
Authors: Hansen Mette , Oxfeldt Mikkel , Larsen Anne E. , Thomsen Lise S. , Torben Rokkedal-Lausch , Christensen Britt , Rittig Nikolaj , De Paoli Frank V. , Bangsbo Jens , Ørtenblad Niels , Madsen Klavs 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Protein supplementation has been suggested to augment endurance training adaptations by increasing mixed muscle and myofibrillar protein synthesis and lean body mass. However, a potential beneficial effect on mitochondrial adaptations is yet to be clarified.The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of consuming whey protein hydrolysate before and whey protein hydrolysate plus carbohydrate (PRO-CHO) after each exercise session during a six-week training period compared to similarly timed intake of isocaloric CHO supplements on biomarkers of mitochondrial biogenesis, VO2max and performance in trained runners.Methods: Twenty-four trained runners (VO2max 60.73.7 ml O2 kg-1 min1) completed a six-week block randomized controlled intervention period, consisting of progressive running training. Subjects were randomly assigned to either PRO-CHO or CHO and matched in pairs for gender, age, VO2max, training and performance status. The PRO-CHO group ingested a protein beverage (0.3g kg-1) before and protein-carbohydrate beverage (0.3g protein kg-1 and 1g carbohydrate kg-1) after each exercise session. The CHO group ingested an energy matched carbohydrate beverage. Resting muscle biopsies obtained pre and post intervention were analyzed for mitochondrial specific enzyme activity and mitochondrial protein content. Subjects completed a 6K time trial (6K TT) and a VO2max test pre, midway (only 6K TT) and post intervention. Results: Following six weeks of endurance training Cytochrome C (Cyt C) protein content was significantly higher in the PRO-CHO group compared to the CHO group (p<0.05), with several other mitochondrial proteins (Succinate dehydrogenase (SDHA), Cytochrome C oxidase (COX-IV), Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), and Prohibitin (PHB1)) following a similar, but non-significant pattern (p=0.07-0.14). β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HAD) activity was significantly lower after training in the CHO group (p<0.01), but not in the PRO-CHO group (p=0.24). VO2max and 6K TT was significantly improved after training with no significant difference between groups.Conclusion: Intake of whey PRO hydrolysate before and whey PRO hydrolysate plus CHO after each exercise session during a six-week endurance training period may augment training effects on specific mitochondrial proteins compared to intake of iso-caloric CHO but does not alter VO2max or 6K TT performance.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03561337. Registered 6 June 2018 – Retrospectively registered.
Frailty and Sarcopenia Assessment upon Hospital Admission to Internal Medicine Predict Worse Short-term Clinical Outcomes. 1-Year, Prospective Study of 980 patients.
Authors: Anani Sapir , Goldhaber Gal , Brom Adi , Lasman Nir , Turpashvili Natia , Shenhav-Saltzman Gilat , Avaky Chen , Negru Liat , Agbaria Mochamad , Ariam Sigalit , Portal Doron , Wasserstrum Yishay , Gad Gad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background. Frailty and sarcopenia are associated with frequent hospitalizations and poor clinical outcomes in geriatric patients. Ascertaining this association for younger patients hospitalized to internal medicine departments could help better prognostication of patients in the realm of internal medicine. Methods. During 1-year prospective study in an internal medicine department, we evaluated patients upon admission for sarcopenia and frailty. We used the FRAIL questionnaire, blood Alanine-amino transferase (ALT) activity and Mid-Arm Muscle Circumference (MAMC) measurements. Results. We recruited Nine-hundred and eighty consecutive patients upon hospital admission (median age 72 years (IQR 65-79); 56.8% males). According to the FRAIL questionnaire 106 (10.8%) patients were robust, 368 (37.5%) pre-frail and 506 (51.7%) were frail. The Median ALT value was 19IU/L (IQR 14-28). The median MAMC value was 27.8 (IQR 25.7-30.2). Patients with low ALT activity level (< 17IU/L) were more frail according to their FRAIL score (3 (IQR 2-4) vs. 2 (IQR 1-3); p < 0.001). Higher MAMC values were associated with higher ALT activity, both representing robustness. The rate of 30-days readmission in the whole cohort was 17.4%. Frail patients according to the FRAIL score (FS) had a higher risk for 30-days readmission (for FS > 2, HR = 1.99; 95CI = 1.29-3.08; p = 0.002). Frail patients according to low ALT activity also had a significantly higher risk for 30-days readmission (HR = 2.22; 95CI = 1.26-3.91; p = 0.006). After excluding patients whose length of stay (LOS) was ≥ 10 days, 252 (27.5%) stayed in-hospital for 4 days or longer. Frail patients according to FS had a higher risk for LOS ≥ 4 days (for FS > 2, HR = 1.87; 95CI = 1.39-2.52; p < 0.001). Frail patients according to low ALT activity were also at higher risk for LOS ≥ 4 days (HR = 1.87; 95CI = 1.39-2.52; p < 0.001). MAMC values were not correlated with patients' LOS or risk for re-admission. Conclusion. Frailty and sarcopenia upon admission to internal medicine departments are associated with longer hospitalization and increased risk for re-admission.
High Acceptance of HIV Self-testing Among PrEP Recipients before COVID-19 Era: A Cross-sectional Analysis from PrEP Demonstration Project of MSM in China
Authors: Zhang Jing , Tang Wei-ming , Jin Xia , Wang Hong-yi , Chu Zhen-xing , Hu Qing-hai , Huang Xiao-jie , Chen Yao-kai , Wang Hui , He Xiao-qing , Li Yao , Zhang Lu-kun , Hu Zhi-li , Bao Ran-tong , Li Shang-cao , Li Hang , Ding Hai-bo , Jiang Yong-jun , Geng Wen-qing , Xu Jun-jie , Shang Hong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Many Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users have difficulty attending the quarterly facility-based HIV testing, which leads to the potential risk of drug resistance in the context of breakthrough infection with low drug compliance. We explored the acceptance of HIV self-testing (HIVST) service among PrEP recipients. Methods: MSM were recruited for the PrEP demonstration in four major cities in China from December 2018 to September 2019, provided with regimens of both daily and on-demand PrEP. Facility-based HIV testing was provided quarterly at clinic visits. Previous HIV testing history and acceptance of free HIVST kits to use between each quarterly clinic visit was collected. Correlates of levels of acceptance were analysed using multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Results: We recruited 1,222 MSM. among which 48.5% preferred daily PrEP and 51.5% preferred on-demand PrEP. There was 26.8% (321/1222) had never been to any facility-based HIV testing previously, and the self-reported major reason was that they had already routinely used HIVST. A quarter of the participants (74.5%, 910/1222) had used HIVST previously. There were 1184 MSM (96.9%) accepted to use HIVST between each quarterly clinic visits during PrEP usage, composing 947 ( 77.5%) very willing to, 237（19.4%）willing to, 29 (2.4%) unwilling to, and 9 (0.7%) very unwilling to. Participants preferred daily PrEP (vs. on-demand PrEP, aOR=1.8, 95% CI:1.3-2.4) and had less than 2 times of facility-based HIV testing in the past year (vs. ³2, aOR=1.4,95% CI:1.1-1.9) were more likely to have higher level of acceptance of HIVST.Conclusions: MSM had high acceptance of HIVST, especially among those preferred daily PrEP and with less facility-based HIV testing in the previous year. Offering HIVST services PrEP recipients is feasible and necessary. Above result is of great significance for promoting HIVST among PrEP users during COVID-19, improving awareness of their HIV infection status and ensuring compliance with medication. Future study should exam the impact of HIVST on HIV testing frequency among PrEP users.Trial registration: ChiCTR1800020374 on 27th Dec 2018. http://www.chictr.org.cn/searchproj.aspx
A mHealth-Intervention to Support the Self-Management of Multimorbid Patients in General Practices in Germany (Telepracman) – Study Protocol of a Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Wiezorreck Lars , Litke Nicola , Freund Tobias , Miksch Antje , Wensing Michel , Szecsenyi Joachim , Weis Aline 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Previously we developed a structured case management for multimorbid chronically ill patients in primary care (called ‘PraCMan’), delivered by Health Care Assistants in General Practice (VERAHs). The ‘TelePraCMan’ project aims to develop a supplementary web-based application to ‘PraCMan’, including a digital symptom diary in which patients can enter individual data via smartphone/tablet. This application is targeted at patients suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2, COPD, hypertension and/or chronic heart failure. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate this mHealth-intervention for patients with chronic diseases, focused on patients’ quality of life and self-management capabilities.Methods: A two-arm patient-randomized pilot trial is planned, involving 200 multimorbid patients in 20 GP-practices that use ‘PraCMan’ regularly. Participants are randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either standard ‘PracMan’ treatment or standard ‘PracMan’ treatment complemented with the mHealth-intervention (TelePraCMan). As primary outcome, the health-related quality of life is measured by the German version of the Short Form Health Questionnaire (SF-12). Secondary outcomes include self-management capabilities, technical affinity, and user experience of patient and practice staff. Outcomes are measured at baseline (T0) and at follow-up after 6 months (T1). For assessment of the implementation process, GPs, VERAHs and patients will be invited to participate in interviews afterwards.The outcomes will be compared between study arms, using multilevel regression analysis. Qualitative interviews will be transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Discussion: ‘TelePraCMan’ is one of the first mHealth-Interventions addressing multimorbid patients in primary care in the research literature.Trial registration: DRKS, DRKS00017320, Registered 18 June 2019, http://www.drks.de/DRKS00017320
Development of Sheet Palletizing Manipulator Based on Multi-link Mechanism
Authors: CHEN zhihua , Wang Shoukun , Liu Quan , Wang Junzheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In view of the disadvantages of Traditional tandem joint type thin-plate palletizing robots using push-down adsorption sorting, such as moving path complexity, large occupied space, joint error stack and low end control precision, a novel multi-link mechanism thin-plate palletizing robot is developed. The kinematics analysis is carried out based on the analysis of the overall structure for the manipulator, a genetic algorithm based on the stroke speed ratio K, the transmission angle γ and the four-bar size is proposed to realize the optimal design of the four-link rocker arm mechanism. Secondly, a finite element based overall structure analysis method is proposed, which obtains the most affected part of the vibration process of a manipulator and performs load verification to prevent early warning and reference of faults caused by mechanical resonance. To solve the control problem of nonlinear strongly coupled dynamic systems, an iterative learning fuzzy adaptive control algorithm is proposed to achieve the smooth running of the manipulator and the high-precision tracking of the end centroid trajectory. The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed multi-link controllable thin-plate palletizing manipulator's overall structural design and iterative learning control method, which is well applied in practical engineering.
A Combination of Herbal Compound (SPTC) Along with Exercise or Metformin more Efficiently Alleviated Diabetic Complications Through Down-Regulation of Stress Oxidative Pathway upon Activating Nrf2-Keap1 axis in AGEs Rich Diet-Induced type 2 Diabetic Mice
Authors: Rahimi Golbarg , Heydari Salime , Rahimi Bahare , Abedpoor Navid , Nicktab Iman , Safaeinejad Zahra , Peymani Maryam , Forootan Farzad Seyed , Derakhshan Zahra , Esfahani Mohammad Hossein Nasr , Ghaedi Kamran 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: SPTC is a mix of four herbal components (Salvia officinalis, Panax ginseng, Trigonella foenum-graeceum, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum) which may prevent the development of AGEs rich diet-induced diabetic complication and liver injury via activating the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related-factor-2 (Nrf2) pathway. Nrf2, as a master regulator of antioxidant response elements by activating cytoprotective genes expression, decreases oxidative stress associated with hyperglycemia and increases insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that the combined effect of SPTC along with exercise could efficiently moderate oxidative stress with more favorable effects in the treatment of diabetes.Methods: We induced diabetes in C57BL/6 mice by AGEs using a diet supplementation and limitation of physical activity. After 16 weeks of intervention, AGEs fed mice were compared to control mice. Diabetic mice were assigned into seven experimental groups (n=5): diabetic mice, diabetic mice treated with SPTC (130 mg/kg), diabetic mice treated with Salvia Officinalis (60 mg/kg), diabetic mice treated with metformin (300 mg/kg), diabetic mice with endurance exercise training, diabetic mice treated with SPTC+metformin (the same as mentioned), diabetic mice treated with SPTC+exercise trainingResults: SPTC+exercise and SPTC+metformin reduced diabetic complications like gain weight, water, and calorie intake, blood glucose, insulin, and GLUT4 content more efficiently than each treatmen. These combinations improved oxidative stress hemostasis by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and attenuating keap1 protein more significantly.Conclusions: Eventually, combined treatment of SPTC with exercise and metformin as a novel approach had more beneficial effects to prevent the development of diabetes and oxidative stress associated with hyperglycemia.
Potential of Betanin Natural Dye for Solar Cells Application
Authors: Hamadi Naoufel Ben 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A photovoltaic cell, or solar cell, is an electronic component which, exposed to light, produces electricity thanks to the photovoltaic effect. Organic photovoltaic cells are photovoltaic cells of which at least the active layer consists of organic molecules. It has a yield of at least 15%. The future prospects of the research for solar cells application has required for the development in the field.Main body: Dye-sensitized solar cells are considered to be promising candidates for low-cost solar energy harvesting using sustainable and environmentally friendly materials. In general, solar cells sensitized to dyes consist of three parts: TiO2 sensitized to the photoanode dye with porous film on a transparent conductive glass, an electrolyte solution penetrating through the TiO2 anode film, and the conductive oxide transparent platinum glass as counter electrode.Conclusion: In this work, betanin dye was extracted from mature red fruits of Opuntia ficus indica and purified with fractional crystallization protocol using an 8:2 (v/v) ratio of ethyl acetate/ethanol. TiO2_films with different thickness values have been prepared CV and US sensitization of TiO2_films using betanin dye prove an enhancement on the uniformity distribution of the dye on the film in case of US method. Emission spectra of Dye_TiO2 films have been measured and show a hyperchromic shift of the emission intensity with the increase of the thickness due to the augmentation of betanin content. A comparison between the photovoltaic properties of prepared betanin_DSSC and N719 dye_DSSC reveals that betanin dye could be successfully proposed as a sensitizing dye in solar cell applications.
Development and evaluation of a monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for the detection of antibodies against H7 avian influenza virus
Authors: Li Yuan , Ye Hongliu , Liu Meng , Song Suquan , Chen Jin , Cheng Wangkun , Yan Liping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Since 2013, avian influenza outbreaks in poultry especially the H7 subtype have been causing a major concern for poultry industry and public health in China. The conventional serological subtype-specific diagnostics is implemented by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay despite lengthy operation time. An efficient, rapid and high-throughput competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was developed for detection of antibodies against H7 avian influenza virus (AIV) based on a novel monoclonal antibody specific to the hemagglutinin (HA) protein of H7 AIV.
Results
The reaction parameters of antigen coating concentration, monoclonal antibody concentration and serum dilution ratio were optimized for detection of H7 antibodies in chicken, ducks and peacocks sera. The specificity of the cELISA was tested using antisera against H1 ~ H9, H11 ~ H14 AIVs and other avian viruses. The selected cut-off values of inhibition rates for chicken, duck and peacock sera were 30.11%, 26.85% and 45.66% by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, respectively. With the HI test as a reference method, the minimum detection limits for chicken, duck and peacock positive serum reached 20, 21 and 2− 1 HI titer, respectively. Compared to the HI test, the diagnostic accuracy reached 100%, 98.6%, and 99.3% for chicken, duck and peacock by testing a total of 400 clinical serum samples, respectively.
Conclusions
In summary, the cELISA immunoassay for rapid detection of H7 antibody in sera from different avian species was highly specific, extremely sensitive and might be exploited for the large-scale serological diagnosis of H7 AIVs.