bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental development is associated with cortical connectivity of the ventral and nonspecific thalamus of preterm newborns
Authors: Jakab Andras , Natalucci Giancarlo , Koller Brigitte , Tuura Ruth , Rüegger Christoph , Hagmann Cornelia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe thalamus is a key hub for regulating cortical connectivity. Dysmaturation of thalamocortical networks that accompany white matter injury has been hypothesized as neuroanatomical correlate of late life neurocognitive impairment following preterm birth. Our objective was to find a link between thalamocortical connectivity measures at term equivalent age and two‐year neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants.MethodsDiffusion tensor MRI data of 58 preterm infants (postmenstrual age at birth, mean (SD), 29.71 (1.47) weeks) were used in the study. We utilized probabilistic diffusion tractography to trace connections between the cortex and thalami. Possible associations between connectivity strength, the length of the probabilistic fiber pathways, and developmental scores (Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Second Edition) were analyzed using multivariate linear regression models.ResultsWe found strong correlation between mental developmental index and two complementary measures of thalamocortical networks: Connectivity strength projected to a cortical skeleton and pathway length emerging from thalamic voxels (partial correlation, R = .552 and R = .535, respectively, threshold‐free cluster enhancement, corrected p‐value < .05), while psychomotor development was not associated with thalamocortical connectivity. Post hoc stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that parental socioeconomic scale, postmenstrual age, and the duration of mechanical ventilation at the intensive care unit contribute to the variability of outcome.ConclusionsOur findings independently validated previous observations in preterm infants, providing additional evidence injury or dysmaturation of tracts emerging from ventral‐specific and various nonspecific thalamus projecting to late‐maturing cortical regions are predictive of mental, but not psychomotor developmental outcomes.
Identification of prognostic biomarkers associated with stromal cell infiltration in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer by bioinformatics analyses
Authors: Li Pan , Cao Jinlong , Li Jianpeng , Yao Zhiqiang , Han Dali , Ying Lijun , Wang Zhiping , Tian Junqiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMuscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is one of the common malignant tumors. Patients with MIBC still have high tumor recurrence and progression rates after surgery. Bioinformatics analysis of stromal infiltration‐related genes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of MIBC patients was performed in this study to determine the major stromal cells types and biomarkers for their progression and poor prognosis. The ESTIMATE algorithm was applied to evaluate the stromal score and immune score of samples from MIBC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and found that stromal score was closely related to the clinical characteristics of the patients. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) further revealed that stromal cells were involved in biological processes such as activation of leukocytes and positive regulation of cell migration during MIBC progression, as well as PI3K‐Akt, MAPK, and Rap1 signaling pathways. Five hub genes related to prognosis, including ACTA2, COL5A1, DCN, LUM, and PRRX1 were identified by the Weighted Gene Co‐Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), Protein‐Protein Interaction (PPI), survival analysis, and Oncomine, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database validation. Besides, we identified five stromal cell types associated with overall survival time, among which chondrocytes and fibroblasts were identified as the major stromal cell types through correlation analysis. Finally, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the diagnostic value and expression of hub genes in different invasive tumors. In summary, we investigated the biological behavior of stromal cells in the TME of MIBC to promote tumor progression obtained hub genes associated with progression and poor prognosis and identified the main stromal cells types in the TME.
Insights into Protein Stability in Cell Lysate by 19F NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Welte Hannah , Kovermann Michael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn living organisms, protein folding and function take place in an inhomogeneous, highly crowded environment possessing a concentration of diverse macromolecules of up to 400 g/L. It has been shown that the intracellular environment has a pronounced effect on the stability, dynamics and function of the protein under study, and has for this reason to be considered. However, most protein studies neglect the presence of these macromolecules. Consequently, we probe here the overall thermodynamic stability of cold shock protein B from Bacillus subtilis (BsCspB) in cell lysate. We found that an increase in cell lysate concentration causes a monotonic increase in the thermodynamic stability of BsCspB. This result strongly underlines the importance of considering the biological environment when inherent protein parameters are quantitatively determined. Moreover, we demonstrate that targeted application of 19F NMR spectroscopy operates as an ideal tool for protein studies performed in complex cellular surroundings.
Volatiles from the Psychrotolerant Bacterium Chryseobacterium polytrichastri
Authors: Lauterbach Lukas , Dickschat Jeroen S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe flavobacterium Chryseobacterium polytrichastri was investigated for its volatile profile by use of a closed‐loop stripping apparatus (CLSA) and subsequent GC‐MS analysis. The analyses revealed a rich headspace extract with 71 identified compounds. Compound identification was based on a comparison to library mass spectra for known compounds and on a synthesis of authentic standards for unknowns. Important classes were phenylethyl amides and a series of corresponding imines and pyrroles.
Snuffbox approach for balloon aortic valvuloplasty: A case series
Authors: Di Cesare Annamaria , Tonet Elisabetta , Campo Gianluca , Tumscitz Carlo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the era of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), the spectrum of indications for balloon aortic valvuloplasty is growing, especially in old and frail patients. Mini‐invasive approaches via radial access reduce vascular complications and length of hospital stay. The snuffbox approach has never been described for Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV). We performed a review of patients who underwent BAV using distal radial access between January 2019 and December 2019 in a single Italian Centre. All patients received a 30‐day follow‐up. The procedure was successfully conducted by anatomical snuffbox in all reported cases. All patients were mobilized within 10 h from the procedure without vascular access‐related complications. Thirty‐day color Doppler ultrasound showed distal radial artery patency in 89% of cases. In our case series, the snuffbox approach for balloon aortic valvuloplasty appeared to be safe and feasible. This approach could be a valid alternative especially in old and frail adults waiting for TAVR.
One‐pot synthesis of multifunctional electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution and oxygen reduction
Authors: Xu Zejun , Zhang Quan , Li Min , Luo Fang , Liu Yanan , Wang Ruitong , Ma Xu , Yang Zehui , Zhang Daohong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, we report a facile method to prepare P, N co‐doped porous carbon (PNPC) by the carbonization of covalent organic polymer (COP) used as efficient metal‐free electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Overpotential is only 150 mV for the PNPC electrocatalyst to reach 10 mA cm−2 in the acidic medium due to the heteroatom dopants in the carbon matrix; meanwhile, stable HER activity is recorded during 5000 potential cycles. Additionally, overpotential is 343 mV for PNPC electrocatalyst to drive OER catalysis with 10 mA cm−2, which is comparable to the benchmarked IrO2 (320 mV). Similarly, PNPC electrocatalyst can achieve a Pt‐like ORR catalytic activity. The power density of the assembled rechargeable zinc‐air battery (ZAB) is 1.8 times higher than that of the commercial system (Pt/C−IrO2) and charge‐discharge voltage gap is well maintained during 20 h test, implying the high stability of the formed PNPC electrocatalyst.
Grafted metallo‐carbynes as bifunctional pre‐catalysts for ROMP of cyclo‐octene and cyclic alkane metathesis
Authors: Wackerow Wiebke , Samantaray Manoja K. , Basset Jean‐Marie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAbstract: Metallo‐carbynes grafted on mesoporous fibrous silica are active towards alkane metathesis. We are comparing the activity of well‐defined grafted pre‐catalysts (≡Si−O−)W(≡CCMe3)(i−CH2CMe3)2, (≡Sii−Oi−)W(≡CH)(i−CH3)2 and (≡Sii−Oi−)Mo(≡CCMe3)(i−CH2CMe3)2 for Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization of cyclo‐octene and metathesis of cyclo‐octane. This comparison is because olefins are assumed to be intermediate products in alkane metathesis. The three pre‐catalysts are active in cyclo‐octane metathesis, and give the higher, and lower cyclic homologues. However, with cyclo‐octene the three catalysts give polyoctenamer by classical ROMP. It is assumed that the metallo‐carbynes react differently towards cyclo‐alkanes and cyclo‐olefins. In one case, with cyclo‐alkanes they give a metallo‐carbene alkyl and in the other case with cyclo‐olefins they give a bis‐carbene.
Lewis Base Catalysis Enables the Activation of Alcohols by means of Chloroformates as Phosgene Substitutes
Authors: Zoller Ben , Stach Tanja , Huy Peter H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNucleophilic substitutions (SN) are typically promoted by acid chlorides as sacrificial reagents to improve the thermodynamic driving force and lower kinetic barriers. However, the cheapest acid chloride phosgene (COCl2) is a highly toxic gas. Against this background, phenyl chloroformate (PCF) was discovered as inherently safer phosgene substitute for the SN‐type formation of C−Cl and C−Br bonds using alcohols. Thereby, application of the Lewis bases 1‐formylpyrroldine (FPyr) and diethylcyclopropenone (DEC) as catalysts turned out to be pivotal to shift the chemoselectivity in favor of halo alkane generation. Primary, secondary and tertiary, benzylic, allylic and aliphatic alcohols are appropriate starting materials. A variety of functional groups are tolerated, which includes even acid labile moieties such astert‐butyl esters and acetals. Since the by‐product phenol can be isolated, a recycling to PCF with inexpensive phosgene would be feasible on a technical scale. Eventually, a thorough competitive study demonstrated that PCF is indeed superior to phosgene and other substitutes.
Color reproduction in virtual lip makeup using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Kim Meereh Candice , Lee Ji‐Hyun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecently, it has become possible to examine the suitability of cosmetic products by virtual makeup techniques so that shoppers can buy products online. The virtual makeup can also be utilized at offline stores to prevent possible sanitation problems associated with swatching. Faithful color reproduction is one of the most important factors in virtual makeup applications. Thus, the color difference between the virtual and real makeup results needs to be minimized. However, most previous studies on virtual makeup focus on the recommendation of makeup style rather than on the accuracy of color reproduction. This article proposes an accurate lipstick color reproduction method based on convolutional neural network. This study indicates that the proposed method using a convolutional neural network results in the minimum value of color difference compared with linear regression and multilayer perceptron algorithms.
Guiding fall fertilization of cool‐season turfgrass lawns with NDVI sufficiency index
Authors: Guillard Karl , Miele Kevin M. , Sürer Irfan , Morris Thomas F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFall N fertilizers are applied to turfgrass at predetermined rates instead of being based on plant‐N status. Normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) and the sufficiency index (SI) concept are used to assess plant‐N status in some agronomic crops but has not been evaluated for turfgrass. This study was conducted across 3 yr in Connecticut to determine fall and spring NDVI SI values in a mixed species, cool‐season lawn. Field experiments were set out with varying fall N rates with NDVI measured weekly in October and November, and in late April. Quadratic and Linear‐Response and Plateau (LRP) models were significant (P < .0001) for all fall and spring SI values in response to fall N rates. Fall SI was maximized between 140 and 155 kg N ha−1 for the quadratic model and plateaued between 79 and 102 kg N ha−1 for the LRP model. Spring SI was maximized at 189 and plateaued at ≥116 kg N ha−1 for quadratic and LRP models, respectively. In relation to commonly recommended fall N rates of 24.5, 49, and 98 kg N ha−1, the models suggest that no supplemental N is needed when SI is ≥92, ≥95, and ≥99% of the N‐rich reference in the fall, respectively. Late April SI >89% of spring N‐rich reference would indicate that excess fertilizer was applied the previous fall at rates >49 kg N h−1. The NDVI SI can provide site‐specific fall N fertilization guidance of cool‐season turfgrass lawns.
Gut microbial clues to bipolar disorder: State‐of‐the‐art review of current findings and future directions
Authors: Lai Jianbo , Jiang Jiajun , Zhang Peifen , Xi Caixi , Wu Lingling , Gao Xingle , Zhang Danhua , Du Yanli , Li Qunxiao , Diao Xiangyuan , Lu Shaojia , Wang Zheng , Song Xueqin , Hu Shaohua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTrillions of microorganisms inhabiting in the human gut play an essential role in maintaining physical and mental health. The connections between gut microbiome and neuropsychiatric diseases have been recently identified. The pathogenesis of bipolar disorder, a spectrum of diseases manifesting with mood and energy fluctuations, also seems to be involved in the bidirectional modulation of the microbiome‐gut‐brain (MGB) axis. In this review, we briefly introduce the concept of MGB axis, and then focus on the previous findings in human studies associated with bipolar disorder. These studies provided preliminary evidences on the gut microbial alterations in bipolar disorder. Limitations in these studies and future directions in this research field, such as fecal microbiome transplantation and microbiome‐targeted therapy, were discussed. A research framework linking gut microbiome to determinants and health‐related outcomes in BD was also proposed. Better characterizing and understanding of gut microbial biosignatures in bipolar patients contribute to clarify the etiology of this intractable disease and pave the new way for treatment innovation.
Differences in prey personality mediate trophic cascades
Authors: Sommer Nathalie R. , Schmitz Oswald J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFunctional trait approaches in ecology chiefly assume the mean trait value of a population adequately predicts the outcome of species interactions. Yet this assumption ignores substantial trait variation among individuals within a population, which can have a profound effect on community structure and function. We explored individual trait variation through the lens of animal personality to test whether among‐individual variation in prey behavior mediates trophic interactions. We quantified the structure of personalities within a population of generalist grasshoppers and examined, through a number of field and laboratory‐based experiments, how personality types could impact tri‐trophic interactions in a food chain. Unlike other studies of this nature, we used spatial habitat domains to evaluate how personality types mechanistically map to behaviors relevant in predator–prey dynamics and found shy and bold individuals differed in both their habitat use and foraging strategy under predation risk by a sit‐and‐wait spider predator. In the field‐based mesocosm portion of our study, we found experimental populations of personality types differed in their trophic impact, demonstrating that prey personality can mediate trophic cascades. We found no differences in respiration rates or body size between personality types used in the mesocosm experiment, indicating relative differences in trophic impact were not due to variation in prey physiology but rather variation in behavioral strategies. Our work demonstrates how embracing the complexity of individual trait variation can offer mechanistically richer understanding of the processes underlying trophic interactions.
Differences in clinical characteristics and reported quality of life of men and women undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Wilkoff Bruce L. , Birnie David , Gold Michael R. , Hersi Ahmad S. , Jacobs Sandra , Gerritse Bart , Kusano Kengo , Leclercq Christophe , Mullens Wilfried , Filippatos Gerasimos 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsResponse to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is known to be associated with a number of clinical characteristics, including QRS duration and morphology, gender, height, and the aetiology of heart failure (HF). We assessed the relation of gender and baseline characteristics with QRS duration and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire.Methods and resultsAdaptResponse is a global randomized trial. The trial enrolled CRT‐indicated patients with New York Heart Association classes II–IV HF, left bundle branch block (QRS ≥ 140 ms in men, ≥130 ms in women), and baseline PR interval ≤200 ms. In total, 3620 patients were randomized, including 1569 women (43.3%) approaching the actual proportion of women in the HF population. Women were older and more often New York Heart Association class III or IV than men (55.6% vs. 48.7%), had less frequent ischaemic cardiomyopathy (21.2% vs. 39.5%), and had a 5.1 ms shorter QRS duration than men. Women were more often depressed (18.5% vs. 9.7%), had a significantly lower Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score, and had differences in medication prescriptions.ConclusionsAdaptResponse is the largest randomized CRT trial and enrolled more women than any other landmark CRT trial. Women differed from men with regard to baseline characteristics and quality of life. Whether these differences translate into clinical outcome differences will be examined further in the AdaptResponse trial.
Mean Species Abundance as a Measure of Ecotoxicological Risk
Authors: Hoeks Selwyn , Huijbregts Mark A.J. , Douziech Mélanie , Hendriks A. Jan , Oldenkamp Rik 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Chemical pollution of surface waters is considered an important driver for recent declines in biodiversity. Species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) are commonly used to evaluate the ecological risks of chemical exposure, accounting for variation in interspecies sensitivity. However, SSDs do not reflect the effects of chemical exposure on species abundance, considered an important endpoint in biological conservation. Although complex population modeling approaches lack practical applicability when it comes to the routine practice of lower tier chemical risk assessment, in the present study we show how information from widely available laboratory toxicity tests can be used to derive the change in mean species abundance (MSA) as a function of chemical exposure. These exposure–response MSA relationships combine insights into intraspecies exposure–response relationships and population growth theory. We showcase the practical applicability of our method for cadmium, copper, and zinc, and include a quantification of the associated statistical uncertainty. For all 3 metals, we found that concentrations hazardous for 5% of the species (HC5s) based on MSA relationships are systematically higher than SSD-based HC5 values. Our proposed framework can be useful to derive abundance-based ecological protective criteria for chemical exposure, and creates the opportunity to assess abundance impacts of chemical exposure in the context of various other anthropogenic stressors. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2304–2313. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Abstract
Workflow for computing the Mean Species Abundance (MSA) relationship using exposure-response data. Species-specific exposure-response curves for survival and reproduction endpoints are combined into a single exposure-abundance curve. Multiple species-specific exposure-abundance curves are then aggregated into one MSA relationship.
Analysis of energy efficient and network traffic delay in wireless networks using channel aware routing
Authors: Manivannan R. , Chinnadurai M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article studies different analysis metrics of wireless networks using channel aware routing protocol. During communication the following characteristics are important performance metrics like network traffic delays and energy efficient. Energy Efficient is an important solution with limited buffer capacity and life time of battery in wireless environment. The status of each node can be identified by using co‐channel forwarding mechanism. The traffic delays can be measured by using Q‐Learning random early method and routing can be optimized by channel aware routing. The transmission changes in one node to another can be monitored by router database and energy level can be verified by additional changes in wireless network nodes. The network reliability is improved by reducing the communication delay, which uses various traditional routing protocols. Based on the demand of communication protocols, the router is designed to optimize the best network model. Based on the problem formation of open vehicle routing technique, it proves inherently NP‐hard. If it has reduced computation overhead, it will not perform well with the large scale framework. Therefore, the channel aware routing technique improves the performance by increasing the reliability of the network. The previous results are shown that efficient energy utilization and network traffic delays encountered the major and accuracy results are in below 60% In this article, we formulate to achieve analysis the energy performance and reduced traffic delay using co‐channels stochastic optimization procedure. The co‐channel method used to check various analytical bounds and check all the nodes are uniformly shares the energy level. The mathematical analysis report provides uniform distribution energy values and traffic delays. The simulation results are shows that efficient energy utilization and network traffic delays in wireless networks 75% achieved.