bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Practice Nurses in Primary Care in Switzerland: An Analysis of Interprofessional Collaboration
Authors: Josi Renata , Bianchi Monica , Brandt Sophie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The increase in the number of chronically ill patients due to ageing is calling existing models of primary care (PC) into question. New care models have recently been implemented in Swiss PC and involve interprofessional teams. This paper aimed to investigate the practice of interprofessional collaboration between advanced practice nurses, registered nurses, and medical practice assistants within new models of PC in Switzerland using the National Interprofessional Competency Framework. Methods: An ethnographic design comprising semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations was conducted. Sixteen interviews were conducted with care providers at their PC practice. Interviewees included four advanced practice nurses, two registered nurses, six medical practice assistants, and four general practitioners. Nine other health professionals were subsequently observed in their practice. Interviews and observations were conducted by the first author from February to April 2019. Results: Our analysis of interview and observational data confirmed that role clarification, team functioning, collaborative leadership, interprofessional conflict resolution, patient-centered care, and interprofessional communication have a significant influence on the interprofessional collaboration among health professionals in Swiss PC. Among these domains, role clarification and team functioning were the most frequently raised issues. Both were found to have the potential to negatively influence and, therefore, hinder efficient interprofessional collaboration within PC. Conclusion: From the analysis, it emerged that role clarification is crucial for effective interprofessional collaboration within new care delivery models in the Swiss PC context. Our study results may inform international health policymakers and practitioners about six important domains of interprofessional care when implementing new care models. Practical experience with new models of care involving advanced practice nurses and medical practice assistants may also influence the regulation of the scope of practice of these health professionals in Switzerland.
The relationship between endothelial progenitor cells and pulmonary arterial hypertension in children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Sun Hong-Xiao , Li Guo-Ju , Du Zhan-Hui , Bing Zhen , Ji Zhi-Xian , Luo Gang , Pan Silin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) caused by congenital heart disease (CHD) is very common in clinics. Some studies have shown that PAH is related to the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), but there is no report on the relationship between PAH and the number of EPCs in children with CHD. Methods: In this study, a total of 173 cases with CHD (from 0 to 6 years old) were collected. According to the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) measured by right heart catheterization, these cases were divided into PAH groups (including high PAH group, mPAP>25mmHg, n=32, and the middle PAH group, 20mmHg≤mPAP≤25mmHg, n=30) and non-PAH group (mPAP<20mmHg, n=111). Peripheral blood was taken for flow cytometry, and the number of EPCs (CD133+/KDR+ cells) was counted. The number of EPCs /μL of peripheral blood was calculated using the following formula: EPCs /μL =WBC /L × lymphocytes % × EPCs % × 10-6. Results: The median EPCs of the non-PAH group, middle PAH group and high PAH group is 1.86/μL, 1.30 /μL and 0.98/μL, respectively. The mPAP decreases steadily as the level of EPCs increases (P<0.05). After adjustment of gender, age and BMI, the number of EPCs was significantly associated with a decreased risk of high PAH (OR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.16-0.87, P<0.05). However, EPCs was not significantly associated with middle PAH (P>0.05). Conclusion: The findings revealed that the EPCs and high PAH in patients with CHD correlate significantly and EPCs may become an effective treatment for PAH in patients with CHD. EPCs may be a protective factor of high PAH for children with CHD.
Effect of a tailored leaflet to promote diabetic retinopathy screening among young adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.
Authors: Lake Amelia Jane , Browne Jessica L , Rees Gwyneth , Speight Jane 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Young adults with type 2 diabetes (aged 18-39 years) are at risk of early onset and rapid progression of diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of blindness and vision loss in working age adults. Early detection via retinal screening can prevent most vision loss, yet uptake among this priority population is consistently lower than the general diabetes population. We aimed to test the effect of a tailored, evidence-based brief health behaviour change intervention (leaflet) on self-reported uptake, and previously identified social cognitive determinants of retinal screening. Methods: A pragmatic, two-arm randomised controlled trial was conducted from September 2014 to April 2015. Participants were stratified by prior screening uptake (Yes/No) and randomly allocated to intervention (leaflet) or ‘usual care’ control (no leaflet). Primary outcome was self-reported screening uptake four weeks post-intervention for ‘No’ participants who had not previously screened for diabetic retinopathy. Secondary outcome variables were changes in knowledge, attitudes, normative beliefs, intention and behavioural skills for all participants, irrespective of prior screening behaviour. To assess intervention effects on secondary outcome variables, we conducted independent samples t-tests (two-tailed) on pre-post change scores. Results: 129 young adults (26% no prior retinal screen) completed baseline; 101 completed post-intervention. Power to determine effect on the primary outcome was curtailed by low recruitment of individuals with no prior retinal screen and loss to follow-up. Attrition was associated significantly with country of birth, language spoken at home, and marital status. Significant intervention effect was observed for one secondary outcome variable: knowledge of diabetic retinopathy (p=.03) with moderate effect (partial eta squared h2=.05); no adverse effects were reported. Control group participants received the leaflet at study completion. Conclusions: This study confirms that a well-designed eye health and retinal screening promotion leaflet can increase knowledge of diabetic retinopathy, an important screening predictor. The study highlights the challenges of conducting ‘real-world’ health behaviour change research with this priority population, providing insights for clinicians and researchers. Strategies to recruit, engage and retain hard-to-reach populations are discussed including nonconventional alternatives to randomised controlled trial designs. Trial registration: ACTRN12614001110673, UTN No.: U1111-1161-9803. Registered 20 October 2014 - retrospectively registered https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=367127
Duck enteritis virus UL21 is a late gene and encodes a protein that interacts with pUL16
Authors: Yang Linjiang , Wang Mingshu , Zeng Chunhui , Shi Yong , Cheng Anchun , Liu Mafeng , Zhu Dekang , Chen Shun , Jia Renyong , Yang Qiao , Wu Ying , Zhang Shaqiu , Zhao Xinxin , Huang Juan , Liu Yunya , Ou Xumin , Mao Sai , Yu Yanling , Zhang Ling , Tian Bin , Pan Leichang , Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Chen Xiaoyue 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background pUL21 is a conserved protein of Alphaherpesvirinae that performs multiple important functions. The C-terminus of pUL21 in other members of this subfamily has RNA-binding ability; this domain contributes to pseudorabies virus (PRV) retrograde axonal transport in vitro and in vivo and participates in newly replicated viral DNA packaging and intracellular virus transport. However, knowledge regarding duck enteritis virus (DEV) pUL21 is limited. Methods In our study, recombinant pUL21 was expressed using an pET-32c (+) vector in Escherichia coli BL21 cells induced with 0.4 mM isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside for 8 h at 30°C. The antibody used for the indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and western blotting (WB) analysis were prepared. Pharmacological inhibition, WB and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) were performed. A coimmunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assay was conducted to test the interaction between pUL21 and pUL16. Results We verified that DEV UL21 is a γ2 gene that encodes a structural protein. Moreover, we observed that pUL21 localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm. DEV pUL21 interacted with pUL16 and formed a complex in transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T cells and DEV-infected duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs). These results were further confirmed by CO-IP assays. Conclusions The DEV UL21 gene is a late gene, and pUL21 localizes to the nucleus and cytoplasm. DEV UL21 is a virion component. In addition, pUL21 can interact with pUL16. These ﬁndings provide insight into the characteristics of UL21 and the interaction between pUL21 and its binding partner pUL16. Our study enhances the understanding of DEV pUL21. Keywords: Duck enteritis virus, UL21, UL16, late gene, interaction
Echocardiography in Clinical Decision Making for Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Harnish Paul , Nesheiwat Zeid , Mahmood Shazil , Soni Ronak , Eltahawy Ehab 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Acute coronary syndromes encompass an array of complex symptoms and presentations. The role of echocardiography in acute coronary syndrome has recently assumed a distinguished role in detecting early and late mechanical complications of acute coronary syndrome paving way for emergent clinical decision-making.Case Presentation Three clinical cases are discussed where emergent used of echocardiography identified mechanical complications of acute coronary syndromes including free wall rupture, ventricular septal defect, and papillary muscle rupture allowing for early decision making.Conclusion Due to its non-invasiveness and accessibility, its utility in rapid assessment of acute coronary syndromes and its complications is promising and may lead to improved outcomes.
Inconsistencies are common between non-Cochrane systematic reviews and their protocols registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) but were seldom explained
Authors: Hu Kaiyan , Zhang Ting , Zhang Weiyi , Zhou Qi , Kwong Joey S.W. , Ma Yuxia , Jiang Yanbiao , Shang Zhizhong , Wu Anhu , Tao Gongcai , Yang Kehu , Ma Bin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Protocols of systematic reviews allow for planning and documentation of review methods, and thus improve the transparency of reviews process. However, pre-registered a protocol is not enough, the author also need to follow it. PROSPERO is an open-access online facility for the registration of non-Cochrane systematic reviews. The purpose of our research is to determined what changed were made between non-Cochrane reviews and their protocols in PROSPERO and how likely these changes impacted the quality of systematic review. Method: In this retrospective comparative study we electronically searched for protocols and their corresponding systematic reviews in the PROSPERO platform that were “completed and published” from January to December, 2018. Two reviewers independently identified and classified changes between the protocols and systematic reviews then evaluated the impact (improve/reduce/unclear)of these change on the reporting/methodology quality of reviews. Frequency (n), percentage (%) were used to analyze the number of changes categorically in each review and the distribution of different impact caused by these changes. Results: We identified 39 pre-registered protocols and their reviews, all of which exhibited alterations. All changes to only one review are considered to improve the reporting/methodology quality, and remaining 97% of reviews (n=38) contain changes that are categorically considered to reduce the methodology/reporting quality or that have an unclear impact on reviews. Conclusions: Differences between the non-Cochrane reviews and their protocols recorded in PROSPERO are widespread, and there have been many changes having an unclear impact on the quality of reviews. Guiding the author to report and explain the differences between protocol and reviews or even requiring authors to so at the level of journal are two fundamental solutions to further improve the transparency of the non-Cochrane reviews.
Operative versus nonoperative treatment in children with painful rigid flatfoot and talocalcaneal coalition. Results from a retrospective comparative study.
Authors: Gennaro Giovanni Luigi Di , Stallone Stefano , Olivotto Eleonora , Zarantonello Paola , Magnani Marina , Tavernini Tullia , Stilli Stefano , Trisolino giovanni 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The management of painful rigid flatfoot (RFF) with talocalcaneal coalition (TCC) is controversial. We aimed to compare operative and nonoperative treatment in children with RFF and TCC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records and radiographs of children with RFF and TTC treated between 2005 and 2015. The nonoperative treatment consisted of manipulation under anesthesia, cast immobilization and shoe insert after cast removal. The operative treatment consisted of combined TCC resection, graft interposition and subtalar arthroereisis. Results: Thirty-four Children (47 feet) in the nonoperative group and twenty-one children (34 feet) in the operative group were included. No differences were found between groups, concerning baseline characteristics. The mean age at treatment was 11.8 years (9-17). The mean follow-up averaged 6.6 (3-12) years. There were no complications in either groups. At the latest follow-up, the AOFAS-AHS improved in both groups, although the operative group showed significantly better improvement. The operative group reported also significantly better FADI score, after adjustment for follow-up and baseline variables. Conclusions: The operative treatment showed better results compared to the nonoperative treatment. Symptomatic RFF with TCC in children can be effectively treated in one step with resection, graft interposition and subtalar arthroereisis. Keywords: tarsal coalition, talocalcaneal; flatfoot; child; surgical treatment; manipulation under anesthesia; allograft; arthroereisis.
Constitutive Atg5 overexpression in mouse bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells improves experimental acute kidney injury
Authors: patschan daniel , Schwarze Katrin , Ritter Oliver , Patschan Susann , Müller Gerhard Anton 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Endothelial Progenitor Cells have been shown as effective tool in experimental AKI. Several pharmacological strategies for improving EPC-mediated AKI protection were identified in recent years. Aim of the current study was to analyze consequences of constitutive Atg5 activation in murine EPCs, utilized for AKI therapy.Methods Ischemic AKI was induced in male C57/Bl6N mice. Cultured murine EPCs were systemically injected post-ischemia, either natively or after Atg5 transfection (Adenovirus-based approach). Mice were analyzed 48 hours and 6 weeks later.Results Both, native and transfected EPCs (EPCsAtg5) improved persisting kidney dysfunction at week 6, such effects were more pronounced after injecting EPCsAtg5. While matrix deposition and mesenchymal transdifferentiation of endothelial cells remained unaffected by cell therapy, EPCs, particularly EPCsAtg5 completely prevented the post-ischemic loss of peritubular capillaries. The cells finally augmented the augophagocytic flux in endothelial cells.Conclusions Constitutive Atg5 activation augments AKI-protective effects of murine EPCs. The exact clinical consequences need to be determined.
Cost of treatment and reduction achieved by chronic ulcer in diabetic patients - a comparison between hydrogel and human recombinant Epidermal Growth Factor
Authors: Deutsch Gabriela , Oliveira Bianca Campos de , Pessanha Fernanda Soares , Cassiano Keila Mara , Oliveira Beatriz Guitton Renaud Baptista de , Castilho Selma Rodrigues de 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The study provides results from a double-blind clinical trial of 25 patients with diabetic or venous chronic ulcers. The main focus was to evaluate the assessing cost of outpatient treatment with two technologies: 2% carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel or human recombinant Epidermal Growth Factor carbogel. Methods: Patients were randomly allocated to two ulcer treatment groups, human recombinant Epidermal Growth Factor carbogel treated (intervention group, n = 14), and 2% carboxymethylcellulose hydrogel (CMC) (control group, n = 11); both treated during 90 days. To calculate the costs of each patient's procedures, direct costs and human resources costs were measured in Brazilian currency and converted into US dollars. Statistical analysis of clinical data was performed based on intention to treat. For each treatment were analyzed the proportion of cases with wound reduction; cost benefit of the treatment given by the average value of each 1cm2 wound reduction; statistics on the cost of reducing each cm2 of wound for each patient presenting wound reduction. Results: In all evaluated periods, the proportion of cases with decreased lesion area was higher in the intervention group; It presented better cost-benefit ratio and lower average and median reduction cost for each reduced cm2 of the wound. Conclusion: Data suggested that growth factor therapy may be cost-effective and innovative complement to standard wound care.
Reevaluation of risk factors for time to subsequent events after first stroke occurrence using a new weighted all-cause effect measure
Authors: Ozga Ann-Kathrin , Rauch Bernhard , Palm Frederick , Urbanek Christian , Grau Armin , Becher Heiko , Rauch Geraldine 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Risk factors for stroke include atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and high cholesterol. However, the role of these factors on subsequent cardiovascular events or death is less clear due to therapeutic measures. We therefore aim to get insights into the persistence of known risk factors on subsequent stroke or death one year after the first stroke and to illustrate how the new weighted all-cause hazard ratio can ease the interpretation of competing time-to-event endpoints with different clinical relevance. Methods : This study evaluates the one year follow-up of 470 first ever stroke cases identified in the area of Ludwigshafen, Germany, with 23 deaths and 34 subsequent stroke events. The recently introduced weighted all-cause hazard ratio was used which allows a weighting of the competing endpoints in a composite endpoint. We extended this approach to allow adjustment for covariates. The investigated risk factors were atrial fibrillation, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia adjusting for age and sex. Results : None of these meanwhile treated risk factors of which some have been modified after first stroke remained to be associated with subsequent death or stroke. Cause-specific effects point sometimes into opposite directions. Conclusions : Using the new weighted hazard ratio, we can support that well established risk factors for the occurrence of an index stroke are no good predictors of further disease progress defined by death or recurrent stroke. It has been demonstrated that the new weighted hazard ratio provides interpretation advantages over the common all-cause hazard ratio.
Geographic differences in relationship between socioeconomic, clinical, urban-rural factors and stroke incidence in France
Authors: Padilla Cindy.M , Foucault Anais , Grimaud Olivier , Nowak Emmanuel , Timsit Serge 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Stroke remains a devastating disease in Europe and geographic disparities persist. Mapping spatial distributions of disease occurrence can serve as a useful tool for identifying exposures of public health concern. The purpose of this study was to investigate geographic differences in relationship between socioeconomic, clinical, urban-rural factors and stroke incidence in Pays de Brest (Western France) between 2008 and 2013.Methods: We used cases and patient’s characteristics from the Brest stroke registry, and sociodemographic, urban –rural indicators constructed at the census blocks level. We generated maps using Poisson geographic weighted regression models, smoothing on longitude and latitude while adjusting for covariates. Results: Women living in more deprived census blocks evidenced a significantly higher age standardized stroke incidence risk 1.24, [95%CI 1.09-1.39] and 1.21, [95%CI 1.04-1.49], in rural and urban census blocks respectively. For men, three clusters of census blocks with high stroke incidence risk were detected, one in rural and deprived and two in urban and low deprived census bocks. Conclusions: Understand whether and how neighborhood and patient’s characteristics influence stroke risk, may be useful for both epidemiological research and health services planning.
Key Barriers to the Provision and Utilization of Mental Health Services in low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Scope Study
Authors: Sarikhani Yaser , Bastani Peivand , Rafiee Mohammad , Kavosi Zahra , Ravangard Ramin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Mental Health(MH) is among the main determinants of community well-being and a remarkable portion of global burden of diseases is pertaining to mental disorders. Despite this fact, little attention has been given to the provision of adequate and appropriate MH services and improving equitable access to these services in some parts of the world especially in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs). This review was aimed to identify key barriers to the provision and utilization of MH services in LMICs. Methods: We carried out a systematic and comprehensive search on 7 important online databases for English-language literature on key barriers to the provision and utilization of MH services in LMICs from Jan 2000 to Nov 2019. Arksey and O’Malley instructor was used in 5 steps to implement scope study. The extracted materials were tabulated and synthesized using a qualitative content analysis approach. Results: Three main themes were developed regarding the barriers to the provision of MH services in LMICs including resource and administrative barriers, information and knowledge obstacles, as well as policy and legislation barriers. Also four main themes emerged about barriers to the utilization of MH services including attitudinal, structural, knowledge, and treatment-related barriers. Conclusion: Equitable access to MH services in LMICs is under influence of many barriers in both provision and utilization sides. In order to alleviate these problems, health systems in LMICs could adopt some strategies including integration of MH policy into general health policy, improvement of public MH knowledge regarding the MH and its related issues, developing anti-stigma programs, reallocation of health resources toward high-priority MH needs, developing community-based insurance, as well as integration of MH services into all levels of health-care systems. Further studies are also required for determining relative importance of the barriers and their related solutions based on the national context of each country.