bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RAPID SEROLOGICAL TESTS HAVE A ROLE IN ASYMPTOMATIC HEALTH WORKERS COVID-19 SCREENING
Authors: Paradiso Angelo Virgilio , Summa SimonaDe , Silvestris Nicola , Tommasi Stefania , Tufaro Antonio , De Palma Giuseppe , Larocca Angela Maria Vittoria , Chironna Maria , D’Addabbo Vincenzo , Raffaele Donata , Cafagna Vito , Garrisi Vito 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHealth workers are at high risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection and, if asymptomatic, for transmitting the virus on to fragile cancer patients. We screened 525 health workers of our Cancer Institute with rapid serological test Viva-Diag analyzingCOVID-19 associated-IgG/IgM. Six subjects (1,1%) resulted with Viva-Diag test not-negative for IgM. All 6 cases had RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 test negative; repeating analysis ofIgG/IgM expression by CLIA assay also, 2 cases resulted IgM positive and 1 case IgG/IgM positive. This latter subject reported a contact with an infected SARS-CoV-2 person, a month earlier.In conclusion our study seems to suggest: a) a different analytical sensitivity inIgG/IgM evaluation for Viva-Diag and CLIA assays needing to be further determined; b) the ability of Viva-Diagrapid COVID-19 test to evidence health workers positive for Immunoglobulins expression. Discordant results of rapid serological tests with respect to RT-PCR stress the different clinical meaning the two assays can have, question clearly referring to further studies to optimize the utilization of rapid serological test in asymptomatic subjects at high risk for infection.
Association between ABO blood groups and clinical outcome of coronavirus disease 2019: Evidence from two cohorts
Authors: Zeng Xianfei , Fan Hongyan , Lu Dongxue , Huang Fang , Meng Xi , Li Zhuo , Tang Mei , Zhang Jing , Liu Nannan , Liu Zhixin , Zhao Jingya , Yin Wen , An Qunxing , Zhang Xijing , Hu Xingbin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become the third most common coronavirus that causes large-scale infections worldwide. The correlations between pathogen susceptibility and blood type distribution have attracted attention decades ago. The current retrospective study aimed to examine the correlation between blood type distribution and SARS-CoV-2 infection, progression, and prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). With 265 patients from multiple medical centers and two established cohorts, we found that the blood type A population was more sensitive to SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the blood type distribution was not relevant to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute kidney injury (AKI), and mortality in COVID-19 patients. These findings are indicative of coping with the great threat since it probed the relationship between blood types and ARDS, AKI, and mortality, in addition to susceptibility in COVID-19 patients.
The microbes found in the honey of New York City beehives
Authors: Weiss Tallisker , Mayle Allison , Nash Bruce 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBees are incredibly important to the Earth’s ecosystem and provide humans with a variety of fruits and vegetables; however, due to Colony Collapse Disorder, hives are dying at an alarming rate. Colony Collapse Disorder is caused by a number of factors such as pesticides and bacteria that kill the bees. With the increase of urban beekeeping created in an effort to replenish the bee population, little is known about the microbes the bees are interacting with in New York City. This research looked at what microbes the bees came in contact with to use as a resource in identifying the differences between the neighborhoods. Two methods were used to extract the DNA, one looking at gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and the other looking at only gram-positive. The samples were taken from around New York City, Westchester County and Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania sample was collected from a container of honey bought from Trader Joe’s. The reason both urban and rural samples were used was to see if there is an obvious difference in the microbes found between them.
Genetic signatures of evolution of the pluripotency gene regulating network across mammals
Authors: Endo Yoshinori , Kamei Ken-ichiro , Inoue-Murayama Miho 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMammalian pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have distinct molecular and biological characteristics, but we lack a comprehensive understanding of regulatory network evolution in mammals. Here, we applied a comparative genetic analysis of 134 genes constituting the pluripotency gene regulatory network across 48 mammalian species covering all the major taxonomic groups. We found evolutionary conservation in JAK-STAT and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, suggesting equivalent capabilities in self-renewal and proliferation of mammalian PSCs. On the other hand, we discovered rapid evolution of the downstream targets of the core regulatory circuit, providing insights into variations of characteristics. Our data indicate that the variations in the PSCs characteristics may be due to positive selections in the downstream targets of the core regulatory circuit. We further reveal that positively selected genes can be associated with species unique adaptation that is not dedicated to regulation of PSCs. These results provide important insight into the evolution of the pluripotency gene regulatory network underlying variations in characteristics of mammalian PSCs.
Plasma-derived exosome-like vesicles are enriched in lyso-phospholipids and pass the blood-brain barrier
Authors: Jakubec Martin , Maple-Grødem Jodi , Akbari Saleha , Nesse Susanne , Halskau Øyvind , Mork-Jansson Astrid 
Published: April 2020

AbstractExosomes are vesicles involved in intercellular communication. Their membrane structure and core content is largely dependent on the cell of origin. Exosomes have been investigated both for their biological roles and their possible use as disease biomarkers and drug carriers. These potential technological applications require the rigorous characterization of exosomal blood brain barrier permeability and a description of their lipid bilayer composition. To achieve these goals, we have established a 3D static blood brain barrier system based on existing systems for liposomes and a complementary LC-MS/MS and31P nuclear magnetic resonance methodology for the analysis of purified human plasma-derived exosome-like vesicles. Results show that the isolated vesicles pass the blood brain barrier and are taken up in endothelial cells. The compositional analysis revealed that the isolated vesicles are enriched in lyso phospholipids and do not contain phosphatidylserine. These findings deviate significantly from the composition of exosomes originating from cell culture, and may reflect active removal by macrophages that respond to exposed phosphahtidylserine.
Gut Mycobiome Dysbiosis is Linked to Hypertriglyceridemia Among Home Dwelling Elderly Danes
Authors: Ahmad Hajar Fauzan , Castro Mejia Josue Leonardo , Krych Lukasz , Khakimov Bekzod , Kot Witold , Bechshøft Rasmus Leidesdorff , Reitelseder Søren , Højfeldt Grith Westergaard , Engelsen Søren Balling , Holm Lars , Nielsen Dennis Sandris 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGut microbial dysbiosis have been linked to frailty in elderly, yet the presence of fungal communities and their possible association with host health are little understood. This study attempts to identify gut microbial fungal associations with the progression of atherogenic dyslipidemia in a population of older adults by investigating the interplay between dietary intake, gut mycobiome composition, plasma and fecal metabolome and anthropometric/body-composition measurements of 99 Danes aged 65 to 81 (69.57 ± 3.64) years. The gut mycobiome composition were determined by high-throughput sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) gene amplicons, while the plasma and fecal metabolome was determined by GC-MS. The gut microbiome of the subjects investigated is home to three main eukaryotic phyla, namely Ascomyco-ta, Basidiomycota and Zygomycota, with generaPenicillium, Candida, andAspergillusbeing particularly common. Hypertriglyceridemia was associated with fewer observed fungal species, and Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix-based analysis showed significant (p< 0.05) clustering according to fasting levels of circulating plasma triglycerides (Tg) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol fasting levels, respectively. Higher levels of Tg and VLDL cholesterol significantly associates with increased relative abundance of genusPenicillium, andSaccha:ramyceslikely mediated by a higher dietary fatty acids intake (p< 0.05), andSac-charomyces, Debaryomyces, Candida, AgaricusandStarmerellawere moderately associated with SCF As groups. Collectively, these findings suggest that gut mycobiome dysbiosis on older adults is associated with hypertriglyceridemia, a known risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease.
Agricultural labour productivity and credit constraints: implications for consumption in rural Ghana
Authors: Issahaku Haruna , Mahama Ishaque , Addy–Morton Reginald 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the impact of credit constraints on agricultural labour productivity as well as the impact of credit constraints and agricultural labour productivity on rural households' consumption in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the Ghana Living Standard Survey round six (GLSS 6) as the main source of data, which happens to be one of the most comprehensive household datasets in Ghana. Quantitative estimation techniques (namely: Endogenous Switching Regression and Two Stage Least Squares) are used to address possible endogeneity and selection into credit markets.FindingsFirst, large households are prone to credit constraints while age (experience) and compliance with extension advice reduce credit constraints. Second, the determinants of agricultural labour productivity for both constrained and unconstrained households are age, sex, farm equipment, herbicide and farm size. Third, household size, education and livestock rearing influence agricultural labour productivity of constrained households. Fourth, credit constraints, irrespective of how they are measured, impede agricultural labour productivity while access to credit fosters labour productivity. Lastly, credit constraints robustly reduce consumption while agricultural labour productivity strongly enhances rural households' consumption.Originality/valueThe first contribution is that, unlike most previous studies, we do not focus on the widely used measure of productivity – output per unit land, but on agriculture labour productivity in particular. Secondly, unlike most previous studies which examine the effect of credit constraints either on productivity alone or consumption alone, our study examines the impact of credit constraints on both. Thirdly, unlike the existing literature which uses one or two measures of credit constraints, we use a wide range of measures of credit constraints – seven different measures of credit constraints. Lastly, our empirical strategy solves at least two critical econometric problems – sample selection bias and endogeneity.
Post-implementation challenges of fair value measurement (IFRS 13): some empirical evidence
Authors: Oyewo Babajide 
Published: April 2020

PurposeConsequent on the widespread of fair value (FV) accounting with the coming into effect of International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 13, this study investigated the post-implementation challenges of FV measurement from the perspective of auditors in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachData collection was through a structured-questionnaire administered on auditors from diverse audit firm backgrounds in terms of size, international affiliation and global presence. Statistical techniques such as cluster analysis, factor analysis and ANOVA were applied to analyse data obtained from 277 respondents.FindingsIt was observed that the severest challenge of FV measurement bothers on the paucity of information for valuation of items. The magnitude of the challenges of applying FV measurement in various industry sectors appears similar. Although audit firm attributes affect perception on the challenges, there is concurrence among auditors that manipulation of values of assets/liabilities with no market price during estimation, leveraging on non-availability of market information on assets/liabilities by managers to manipulate financial statements, inappropriateness/non-compliance of valuation methods with IFRS 13, and low level of awareness among preparers of financial reports are notable post-implementation challenges of FV measurement.Practical implicationsConsidering that the adoption of IFRS 13 impliedly places responsibilities on countries applying the standard to develop institutional structures that facilitate the valuation of items using FV measurement, it seems the establishment of such apparatus may be a sine qua non for fully realising the socio-economic benefits of applying FV accounting.Originality/valueThe study contributes to knowledge by exposing the practical challenges of FV measurement and accounting estimates typical of a developing country that has fully implemented international accounting standards. Moreover, findings from this study could be compared with the result of investigations conducted in other jurisdictions to gain a deeper and wider insight into the challenges of FV measurement with a view to proffering solutions to the post-implementation challenges of IFRS 13.
Family financial socialization, financial information seeking behavior and financial literacy among youth
Authors: Pahlevan Sharif Saeed , Naghavi Navaz 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis study examined the relationship between financial information seeking behavior and financial literacy, as well as the relationship between parents' teaching and behavior with financial information seeking behavior through the factors of the risk information seeking and processing model among youth.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 802 tertiary education students participated in this cross-sectional study. Using covariance-based structural equation modeling, the model was assessed and hypotheses were tested.FindingsThe results revealed that financial information seeking behavior contributed to youth's financial literacy. While parents' sound financial behavior was directly related to seeking financial information, both parents' financial teaching and behavior indirectly, through the risk information seeking process, encouraged youth to actively seek for financial information. Moreover, parents' financial socialization directly and also indirectly through the risk information seeking and processing model explained youth's financial information avoidance. Among the two parts of the risk information seeking and processing model, planned behavior factors played a more salient role than cognitive need for financial information.Originality/valueThis study extends the risk information seeking and processing model by integrating family financial socialization to the model and applies it in the context of consumers' financial behavior. The results improve our understanding of the social and psychological mechanism that drives consumers' financial literacy and decision-making.
Implications of self-managing teams for the HRM function
Authors: Renkema Maarten , Bos-Nehles Anna , Meijerink Jeroen 
Published: April 2020

PurposeOrganisations increasingly implement self-managing teams (SMTs) to empower their employees. By drawing from the HRM process model and multilevel thinking, this paper explores how the HRM function changes in terms of actors and activities when introducing SMTs.Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth, multilevel case study was conducted at a large healthcare organisation in The Netherlands, making use of 70 interviews, document analysis and observations.FindingsThe findings show that SMTs transform the HRM function by changing the responsibilities of teams, HRM professionals and line managers in the implementation of HRM activities. The analysis shows that many HRM responsibilities are devolved to SMTs, which are supported by the HRM department.Research limitations/implicationsThese changes in the HRM function influence the HRM implementation process and provide all actors with new roles and activities. Based on these findings, this paper presents an inductive model of HRM implementation.Practical implicationsThe findings help HRM practitioners to transform the HRM function when deciding to introduce SMTs.Originality/valueThis article is one of the first that empirically explores how the HRM function changes as a consequence of introducing SMTs. This is important because more and more organisations are adopting SMTs, while knowledge about the role of HRM is lacking.
Emotional state representation and detection method of users in library space based on body posture recognition
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Run Yuan , Shi Hongwei 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
In the information commons (IC) space of library, it is very important to recognize the emotional state of users for better playing the role of IC. In view of this point, this paper aims to discuss the human expression of user emotion.

Design/methodology/approach
An emotional state recognition method based on body posture change under video monitoring is proposed. In this method, two parameters are proposed to represent the emotional state of users. Finally, the distribution of users’ overall emotional state is recognized.

Findings
It is found that the change of human posture reflects the emotional state of users to a certain extent. The spatial frequency of the user’s average body position change and per capita body position change can reflect the spatial distribution of individual and body position change, respectively.

Originality/value
The method in this paper can effectively overcome the inaccuracy of manual identification of video monitoring images, especially in the case of a large number of users and effectively help the construction of university library IC space and provide a basis for the setting of environmental parameters.
User-driven efforts in creating knowledge graph information system
Authors: Gardasevic Stanislava 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
This paper presents the results of a qualitative study that involved students of an interdisciplinary PhD program. The study objective was to gather requirements to create a knowledge graph information system. The purpose of this study was to determine information-seeking practices and information needs of this community, to inform the functionalities of a proposed system, intended to help students with relevant resource discovery and decision-making.

Design/methodology/approach
The study design included semi-structured interviews with eight members of the community, followed by a website usability study with the same student participants.

Findings
Two main information-seeking styles are recognized and reported through user personas of international and domestic (USA) students. The findings show that the useful information resides within the community and not so much on the program website. Students rely on peer communication, although they report lack of opportunities to connect. Students’ information needs and information seeking are dependent on their progress through the program, as well as their motivation and the projected timeline.

Practical implications
Considering the current information needs and practices, a knowledge graph hosting both information on social networks and the knowledge produced by the activities of the community members would be useful. By recording data on their activities (for example, collaboration with professors and coursework), students would reveal further useful system functionalities and facilitate transfer of tacit knowledge.

Originality/value
Aside from the practical value of this research that is directly influencing the design of a system, it contributes to the body of knowledge on interdisciplinary PhD programs.
A case study concerning the 5S lean technique in a scientific equipment manufacturing company
Authors: Gupta Shaman , Chandna Pankaj 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThis paper's purpose is to help a scientific equipment company make use of the 5S tool on the shop floor so that the organization can become progressively beneficial and increasingly productive.Design/methodology/approachThe organization has adopted a simple approach for making a suitable team for 5S tool implementation at the workplace. After that, they have used three types of data-collection methods so that these methods could help in the correct introduction of the 5S tool in the business workplace. They have also analysed the regression analysis with the genetic algorithm for the audit scores to predict the behaviour of 5S implementation in the coming weeks.FindingsIn this case study, it has been found after the suitable analysis that the 5S tool implementation has resulted in the overall benefits of the workplace. The major benefit achieved with the 5S tool is that the searching time for the tool in the workplace has been improved significantly. Also, the safety level is increased. The 5S audit has been carried out in the workplace and the audit score has been improved from the level of 6 scores (in week 1) to 72 score (in week 24).Practical implications5S tool has emerged as an incredible asset and it tends to be actualized in any of the ventures whether it is of a miniature, small, medium or large scale industry. The 5S tool can be applied horizontally at a large scale and it can be applied to almost all the workstations in the workplace.Originality/valueThe presented productions and contextual investigation for the 5S tool will be helpful and useful for all the analysts, experts and all other people who are worried about this subject of the 5S tool and its implementation in the organization.
Development of intelligent system for predicting MTR in EDC process using powder metallurgical tools
Authors: Mussada Eswara Krishna , Patowari P.K. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe current research work presents the application of fuzzy logic modeling for electric discharge coating (EDC) process for predicting the material transfer rate (MTR), which has the capability of producing thick and thin films on the conductive substrate material.Design/methodology/approachThirty-two real-time experiments were conducted, and fuzzy rules were framed from the inference made from this experimental data. Validating experiments were carried out to check the feasibility of the developed model in prediction.FindingsA fair agreement has been observed between experimental results and the outcomes of fuzzy model. This was supported by a goodness of fit value of 0.917. The values of adjusted R2 and standard error were 0.914 and 19.112, respectively.Research limitations/implicationsCurrent research deals with the prediction of MTR at various parameter grouping conditions, which majorly influence the response parameters. However, other parameters such as quality of the dielectric fluid, flushing pressure and purity of the electrode and work material and so on that influence the response parameters could be further investigated and stand as a future scope of the current work.Practical implicationsMTR is a response parameter that accounts the actual material transfer to the workpiece during the deposition process. This parameter supports/alters the hardness, adhesion, wear resistance and other mechanical properties of the work material. The current modeling work helps to take an optimum decision without conducting large number of experiments at the industrial scale. Due to the nature of fuzzy logic, this method has a potential advantage in dealing with real-time data for various industrial applications.Originality/valueDeveloping a fuzzy model for EDC process is not yet addressed, and to attain the economic objective of the process, optimal deposition conditions must be determined, which help the industries to reduce the operation costs. The current study outcomes substantiate the effectiveness of the fuzzy logic in decision-making and prediction of response parameters.