bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PACAP induces light aversion in mice by an inheritable mechanism independent of CGRP
Authors: Kuburas Adisa , Mason Bianca N. , Hing Benjamin , Reis Alyssa S. , Sowers Levi P. , Moldovan Loomis Cristina , Garcia-Martinez Leon F. , Russo Andrew F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe neuropeptides CGRP and PACAP have emerged as mediators of migraine, yet the potential overlap of their mechanisms remains unknown. Infusion of PACAP, like CGRP, can cause migraine in people, and both peptides share similar vasodilatory and nociceptive functions. In this study, we have used light aversion in mice as a surrogate for migraine-like photophobia to compare CGRP and PACAP and ask whether CGRP or PACAP actions were dependent on each other. Similar to CGRP, PACAP induced light aversion in outbred CD-1 mice. The light aversion was accompanied by increased resting in the dark, but not anxiety in a light-independent open field assay. Unexpectedly, about a third of the CD-1 mice did not respond to PACAP, which was not seen with CGRP. The responder and nonresponder phenotypes were stable, inheritable, and not sex-linked, although there was generally a trend for greater responses among male mice. RNA-seq analysis of trigeminal ganglia yielded hieriechial clustering of responder and nonresponder mice and revealed a number of candidate genes, including greater expression of pituitary hormones and receptors in a subset of responder mice. Importantly, an anti-PACAP monoclonal antibody could block PACAP-induced light aversion but not CGRP-induced light aversion. Conversely, an anti-CGRP antibody could not block PACAP-induced light aversion. Thus, we propose that CGRP and PACAP act by independent convergent pathways that cause a migraine-like symptom in mice.SignificanceThe relationship between the neuropeptides CGRP and PACAP in migraine is relevant given that both peptides can induce migraine in people, yet to date only drugs that target CGRP are available. Using an outbred strain of mice, we were able to show that most, but not all, mice respond to PACAP in a preclinical photophobia assay. Our finding that CGRP and PACAP monoclonal antibodies do not cross-inhibit the other peptide indicates that CGRP and PACAP actions are independent and suggests that PACAP-targeted drugs may be effective in patients who do not respond to CGRP-based therapeutics.
TNFα reduces inhibitory transmission in youngTrem2R47HSporadic Alzheimer rats before observable Aβ and brain pathology
Authors: Ren Siqiang , Breuillaud Lionel , Yao Wen , Yin Tao , Norris Kelly A. , Zehntner Simone P. , D’Adamio Luciano 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTrem2R47Hrats, which carry the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk factor p.R47H variant of the microglia geneTREM2and produce human Aβ. Previously, we demonstrated that supraphysiological TNF-α boost glutamatergic transmission and suppresses Long-term-Potentiation (LTP), a surrogate of learning and memory, in peri-adolescentTrem2R47Hrats (Ren et al., 2020). Here we tested the effect of the p.R47HTREM2variant on GABA transmission. We report that GABAergic transmission is decreased inTrem2R47H/R47Hrats. This decrease is due to the acute and reversable action of TNF-α and is not associated whit changes in human Aβ levels and pathological brain lesions. Thus, the p.R47HTREM2variant changes the excitatory/inhibitory balance between glutamate and GABA transmission, favoring excitation. This unbalance could potentiate glutamate excitotoxicity and, over time, contribute to neuronal dysfunction, enhanced neuronal cells death and neurodegeneration. Future studies will determine whether this unbalance represents an early, Aβ-independent pathway leading to dementia.
A novel oxidase fromAlcaligenessp. HO-1 oxidizes hydroxylamine to N2
Authors: Wu Meng-Ru , Miao Li-Li , Liu Ying , Hou Ting-Ting , Ai Guo-Min , Ma Lan , Zhu Hai-Zhen , Zhu Ya-Xin , Gao Xi-Yan , Qian Xin-Xin , Qin Ya-Ling , Wu Tong , Shen Xi-Hui , Jiang Cheng-Ying , Herbold Craig W. , Wagner Michael , Li De-Feng , Liu Zhi-Pei , Liu Shuang-Jiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHydroxylamine is a key intermediate of microbial ammonia oxidation and plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of N-compounds. Hydroxylamine is oxidized to NO or N2O by hydroxylamine oxidases or cytochrome P460 from heterotrophic or autotrophic bacteria, but its enzymatic oxidation to N2has not yet been observed. Here, we report on the discovery of a novel oxidase that converts hydroxylamine to N2from the newly isolated heterotrophic nitrifierAlcaligenesstrain HO-1. Strain HO-1 accumulated hydroxylamine and produced N2from ammonia oxidation. Using transcriptome analysis and heterologous expression via fosmid library screening, we identified three genes (dnfABC) of strain HO-1 that enabledE. colicells not only to produce hydroxylamine from15N-labelled ammonium but also to further convert it to15N2. The three genes were individually cloned and expressed, and their translational products DnfA, DnfB, and DnfC were purified.In vitroDnfA bound to hydroxylamine and catalyzed the conversion of hydroxylamine to N2in the presence of FAD, NADH and O2. Thus, DnfA was identified as a novel hydroxylamine oxidase and catalyzed a previously unknown N-N bond forming reaction with a yet-to-be discovered mechanism. DnfA homologs were detected in different bacterial groups, suggesting that hydroxylamine oxidation to nitrogen might occur in additional microbial taxa.
The ripple effect of credit accessibility on the technical efficiency of maize farmers in Ghana
Authors: Siaw Anthony , Jiang Yuansheng , Ankrah Twumasi Martinson , Agbenyo Wonder , Ntim-Amo Gideon , Osei Danquah Frank , Ankrah Ernest Kwarko 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of access to credit on technical efficiency (TE) of maize farmers in a developing country, Ghana.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed an instrumental variable approach and the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) method for the estimation of the results.FindingsThe study found that farmers who have access to agricultural credit stand the chance of increasing TE by a margin of 8%, which also influences the maize production than those who did not have access to credit. The average TE score of the farmers was 74%. The study also found out that factors like membership, gender, farmers' access to credit, age and social network determine farmers' possibility of accessing agricultural credit. The study finds out that returns to size are increasing among the maize farmers and that significant improvement in efficiency can be realized by increasing the level of input used in production. Also, factors such as farm size, labor, seeds and fertilizer are the essential determinants of maize production output. Also, gender, extension, age, off-farm income, access to credit and membership were significant factors influencing technical inefficiency (TI).Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the existing literature on agricultural credit on rural agricultural development. The problem of endogeneity associated with access to credit, which has been considered by other researchers, is dealt with this study. This paper also provides information to government policymakers, practitioners and all other stakeholders in the maize sub-sectors and also will benefit small farmers outside the study area.
The effect of auditor type on audit quality in emerging markets: evidence from Egypt
Authors: El-Dyasty Mohamed M. , Elamer Ahmed A. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeAlthough a number of studies suggest that big audit firms provide higher audit quality in strict legal environments, empirical evidence remains inconclusive. As little is known about the effect of auditor type on audit quality in less strictly legal environments, this study aims to investigate the impact of auditor type on audit quality in the Egyptian market.Design/methodology/approachData of Egyptian-listed companies during the period 2011–2018 are used. To examine the impact of auditor type on audit quality, ordinary least square regression and robust standard errors clustered at year and industry level are used. This study uses discretionary accruals as a proxy for audit quality. Several additional analyzes are conducted to assess the robustness of the main results, including alternative measures of audit quality and auditor type.FindingsThe results show that audit firms tend to provide higher audit quality when they are affiliated with a foreign audit firm. However, Big 4 auditors do not provide higher audit quality compare to their counterparts. Additionally, the governmental agency, accountability state authority, that monopolize audit function in state-owned companies do not appear to be associated with higher audit quality. Finally, local audit firms have a negative association with audit quality. This may be their strategy to secure future clients that seek low-quality audits.Research limitations/implicationsThis study suggests that affiliation with foreign audit firms will help the Egyptian firms to develop their abilities by using advanced technology and techniques and transfer rare expertize to the Egyptian auditors. This study also shows that the strategy adopted by many Egyptian audit firms to affiliate with foreign auditors reflects the desire of these firms to be included in one tier alongside Big 4 audit firms to increase their market share under a claim of providing a higher audit quality.Originality/valueThis study adds to the rare but growing body of literature by investigating how auditor type affects audit quality in the context of less strictly legal environments. The results are important, as investors, standards-setters and regulators have growing concerns over audit quality since the Enron scandal. The findings suggest that audit quality depends on auditor type. These findings have important implications for investors, standards-setters and auditors interested in auditor oversight, audit quality and auditor choice.
Supplier flexibility in the order-to-delivery process – a customer perspective
Authors: Forslund Helena , Jonsson Patrik , Mattsson Stig-Arne 
Published: August 2020

PurposeFlexibility is one enabler of efficient use of resources and is therefore an antecedent to sustainability. The purpose of this article is to identify supplier flexibility variables in, and related to, the order-to-delivery (OTD) process and categorize them into a framework, followed by empirically exploring the framework.Design/methodology/approachA perception-based survey was sent to Swedish purchasing managers. 289 responses were received. After descriptive gap analysis, exploratory factor analysis was applied to structure the responses into factors. This formed the basis for hierarchical linear regression analysis, explaining supplier flexibility.FindingsA conceptual framework, specifying supplier flexibility into volume, delivery and information exchange dimensions and relating these dimensions to the OTD process, was developed. Significant negative gaps between actual and demanded volume flexibility and delivery flexibility were identified, while positive gaps were found for information exchange flexibility. The factor analysis revealed three factors. The regression analysis verified that OTD-related information exchange flexibility and OTD-related volume and delivery flexibility explain the variation in OTD-specific flexibility and are important antecedents for supplier flexibility in the OTD process.Research limitations/implicationsA contribution to research is the framework – with defined, related and empirically validated flexibility types.Practical implicationsThe study proposes a perception-based way to capture supplier flexibility in the OTD process, which is of practical relevance when evaluating suppliers.Originality/valueIdentifying, conceptualizing and capturing types of supplier flexibility in the OTD process is new related to academic literature. Also the wide empirical study mapping supplier flexibility gaps is unique in its focus.
Punitive discontinuation of opioid agonist therapy during incarceration
Authors: Marmel Allison , Bozinoff Nikki 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The prevalence of substance use disorders among incarcerated individuals in Canada is substantially higher than in the general population. Many incarcerated individuals with opioid use disorder remain untreated due to inadequate access to opioid agonist therapy (OAT). A considerable proportion of overdose-related deaths in the province of Ontario are individuals who have recently been released from prison. The purpose of this paper is to highlight that discontinuation of OAT as a disciplinary measure remains an active concern within prisons in Canada and places individuals with opioid use disorder at increased risk of relapse and resultant overdose death.

Design/methodology/approach
This case report describes an incarcerated client with opioid use disorder who was initially stable on OAT, but was forcibly tapered off OAT as a disciplinary measure and subsequently relapsed to illicit opioid use while in custody.

Findings
This case calls attention to concerns regarding treatment of opioid use disorder during incarceration, as forcible detoxification from OAT as a disciplinary measure is a highly dangerous practice. The authors discuss concerns regarding diversion and ways in which prison-based OAT programs can be improved to increase their safety and acceptability among correctional staff. Ongoing advocacy is required on the part of health-care workers and policymakers to ensure that individuals are able to appropriately access this life-saving therapy while incarcerated.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report to describe forcible tapering of OAT as a disciplinary measure during incarceration. Despite existing evidence emphasizing the significant risk of overdose associated with detoxification from opioids, this case highlights the need for further research into the causes and prevalence of this practice.
Privacy-deprived e-commerce: the efficacy of consumer privacy policies on China's e-commerce websites from a legal perspective
Authors: Zhu Ruilin , Srivastava Aashish , Sutanto Juliana 
Published: August 2020

PurposeDespite grave public concerns over information privacy and ongoing academic explorations of privacy policy, there is a general lack of understanding toward this issue in the legal context in China, the largest e-commerce market in the world. Departing from the extant literature of general discussion in nature, the authors undertook an exploratory study on the efficacy of e-commerce websites' privacy policies in China from the legal perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe authors drew on a qualitative grounded theory approach to identify selective codes relating to the focal issue and established a theoretical framework therefrom. The authors then conducted theoretical integration by linking them to the Theory of Development Blocks and the System Justification Theory.FindingsThe research identifies a general distrust of Chinese consumers toward privacy policies and highlights that despite their growing concerns about privacy, the privacy policies are largely ineffective in reflecting legal enforcement, changing their perceptions or influencing purchase behaviors. It also reveals that the current Chinese legislation is unable to fully render consumers' confidence in e-commerce websites' privacy policies effectiveness and privacy protection due to its limited recognition and influences among them.Originality/valueThe research has multiple ramifications. The authors empirically confirmed a mismatch between customers' perception of privacy policies and their actual behaviors and then theoretically explained the seemingly conflicting scenario in the context of development block of legal enforcement and system justification. The authors theorized the absence of the legal enforcement in privacy policies to supplement the legal perspective to the literature. The research further leads us to suggest that the time has come to update and strongly enforce privacy regulation in China to fuel the further development of e-commerce sector in practice.
Data breaches in hospitality: is the industry different?
Authors: Gwebu Kholekile , Barrows Clayton W. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to expand on the existing literature by specifically examining data security incidents within the hospitality industry, assessing origins and causes, comparing breaches within the industry with those of other industries and identifying areas of concern.

Design/methodology/approach
A sample of data breach incidents is drawn from the Verizon VERIS Community Database (VCDB). Statistical comparisons between hospitality and non-hospitality industry firms are conducted following the Verizon A4 threat framework.

Findings
The results reveal that breaches between hospitality and non-hospitality firms differ significantly in terms of actors, actions, assets and attributes. Specifically, proportions of breaches in the hospitality industry are larger in terms of external actors, hacking and malware, user devices compromised and integrity violations. Additionally, compared to other industries, point-of-sales (POS) system breaches occur at a higher rate in the hospitality industry. The study finds that company size, hacking and malware predict the likelihood of a POS breach.

Research limitations/implications
The study uses secondary data and does not include the entire universe of data breaches.

Originality/value
In the quest to reduce data breach incidents, it is imperative to identify and assess the nature of data breach incidents between industries. Doing so permits the development of targeted industry-specific solutions rather than generic ones. This study systematically identifies differences between hospitality and non-hospitality data security incidents and then suggests areas where hospitality companies should focus future attention to mitigate breach incidents.
Systematization of absorptive capacity microprocesses for knowledge identification in project management
Authors: Moraes Alan Tadeu de , Silva Luciano Ferreira da , Oliveira Paulo Sergio Gonçalves de 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This study aims to systematize the acquisition phase of absorptive capacity microprocesses that contribute to project management (PM) knowledge identification.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory and descriptive qualitative research was adopted. The first stage consisted of building the conceptual framework based on four systematic-literature-reviews. The data collection process in the second phase involved in-depth interviews, which are adequate to understand the interviewee’s reality. The sample composition consisted of 15 respondents who are PM professionals with an average of 15 years of experience. Each interviewee was chosen based on their expertise and ability to transmit the entire management process of several projects. The data were analyzed using the Atlas. Tecnology information software following the grounded theory technique with three coding cycles: open, axial and selective.

Findings
Based on the results, the authors organized the microprocesses into three groups: events, social interaction and the use of tools and techniques.

Research limitations/implications
The primary limitation of the study was the number of respondents. Future studies will be able to identify other microprocesses and evaluate their role in the knowledge identification process.

Practical implications
This study presents a systematization of microprocesses in knowledge identification, as it occurs in the context of PM. Based on the results of this study, organizations will be able to choose the microprocesses that best fit their operations and activities according to the complexity, innovation and/or criticality of their projects.

Originality/value
The systematic literature review revealed a gap in the knowledge identification phase of knowledge management as it pertains to PM. Thus, this study presents a systematization of how knowledge identification occurs in the context of PM.
The dark side of sales technologies: how technostress affects sales professionals
Authors: Pullins Ellen , Tarafdar Monideepa , Pham Phuoc 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis article evaluates the effect of technostress due to implementation of sales technologies on sales professionals in terms of changes in job satisfaction and role stress and potential mitigation strategies including technostress inhibitors and job commitment.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilizes a survey data collection from sales professionals in B2B consultative roles selling to business customers from construction, industrial supply and business service firms, including items that explore before and after factors around a customer relationship management implementation.FindingsTechnostress results in a decrease in job satisfaction and an increase in role stress of sales professionals. Job commitment moderates the decrease in job satisfaction, i.e. the higher the job commitment the less significant the decrease in job satisfaction.Practical implicationsSales forces need to implement technostress inhibitors to help mitigate the effects of technostress in exacerbating other sales professional stressors. These inhibitors should be contextualized to the unique situation of the sales organization.Originality/valueThe study examines the dark side of sales technologies. Our research expands current understanding by considering new relations among technostress-creating conditions and two work-related outcomes that are salient to sales professionals, namely role stress and job satisfaction. Further, we investigate the change in these outcomes before and after the implementation of sales technologies rather than only considering them at one point of time, after the fact.