bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual-mode and two-signal-wavelength femtosecond optical parametric oscillator based on LiB3O5
Authors: Zhao Jun , Fan Jintao , Tian Haochen , Hu Minglie 
Published: June 2020

We demonstrate a tunable femtosecond dual-beam-mode (cylindrical vector beam [CVB] and Gaussian beam [GB]), dual-signal-wavelength optical parametric oscillator based on a temperature-tuned lithium triborate crystal, synchronously pumped by a frequency-doubled mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser. When fixing the CVB wavelength at 780 nm, the central wavelength of the GB signal could be continuously tuned from 664 to 722 nm. The maximum total signal output power is 515 mW at a 4 W pump with dual-wavelength operation (664 and 780 nm). All the measured signal pulse durations are around 150 fs. Moreover, sum-frequency-generation with Gaussian mode tuning from 548 to 588 nm is obtained, with the maximum power of 52 mW at 548 nm. Thanks to the dual-channel configuration, the wavelengths of a CVB and GB can be tuned independently. Such a flexible and versatile configuration makes it a practical tool for many applications such as high-resolution microscopy and high-capacity optical communication.
Gimnáziumi és szakgimnáziumi tanulók idegennyelv-tanulási eredményessége
Authors: Novák Ildikó , Fónai Mihály 
Published: June 2020

A magyar fiatalok nyelvtudásának javítása az elmúlt két évtized fontos oktatáspolitikai célkitűzése, az eredmények azonban nem meggyőzőek és nagy eltérések mutatkoznak a tanulók nyelvtanulási eredményességében. A kutatások ezen különbségek hátterét számos szempontból vizsgálták és magyarázták többek közt a motiváció, a nyelvérzék, a tanulási stratégiák, az attitűd és a családi háttér területén mutatkozó eltérésekkel. Kutatásunkkal a társadalmi háttérbeli különbségek nyelvtanulási eredményességre gyakorolt hatásának további feltárására vállalkoztunk. Vizsgáltuk a gimnáziumi és szakgimnáziumi tanulók nyelvtudásának helyzetét objektív és szubjektív szempontból, feltártuk a sikerek mögött meghúzódó háttértényezőket és elemeztük a nyelvtanulásra ható iskolán kívüli eszközöket és aktorokat. Hipotéziseink szerint a gimnáziumi tanulók idegennyelv-oktatása eredményesebb, mint a szakgimnáziumi tanulóké, az iskolai idegen nyelvi óraszámok nem befolyásolják a tanulók idegen nyelvi eredményességét és a magasabb végzettségű szülők gyermekei eredményesebbek.
Kérdőíves pilot kutatásunkat 2018/19 fordulóján hét debreceni középiskola (négy gimnázium és három szakgimnázium) 105 tanulójának megkérdezésével végeztük el 9.-12. évfolyamokon. A vizsgált tanulók 34%-a rendelkezett nyelvvizsgával, de önértékeléssel jelentősen többen számoltak be közép- vagy felsőfokú nyelvtudásról. A tanulók jelentős többsége vallotta magát sikeres nyelvtanulónak, leginkább nyelvvizsga bizonyítványuk és beszédkészségük miatt. A sikertelenek leginkább a nyelvvizsga hiánya miatt éreztek kudarcot. Eredményeink szerint a sikeres nyelvtanulás korrelál a szülők iskolai végzettségével és a tanulók nyelvtudás fontosságáról alkotott véleményével, de nem állt összefüggésben az idegen nyelv tantárgy heti óraszámával az általános és középiskolában. Nyelvvizsgaszerzési terveiket elsősorban a felsőoktatási bemeneti kötelezettség, saját belső motivációjuk, valamint hazai és külföldi munkavállalási célok motiválták. A nyelvtanulási körülmények a gimnáziumokban kedvezőbbnek mutatkoztak, mint a szakgimnáziumokban.
Umbilical arterial profiles as predictors of severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy after perinatal asphyxia
Authors: Bhat Jehangir Allam , Sheikh Sajad Ahmad , Ara Roshan 
Published: June 2020

Background: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a major cause of neurodevelopmental impairment. Umbilical cord blood analysis provides an objective assessment of newborn metabolic status. Accordingly, it is recommended that physicians attempt to obtain venous and arterial samples when there is high risk of neonatal compromise.
Objective To compare the predictive value of umbilical arterial blood pH, lactate and base deficit for subsequent development of severity of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) after perinatal asphyxia and comparison of these parameters to determine which one is superior in predicting severity.
Methods Umbilical cord arterial blood of newborns with perinatal asphyxia was tested for pH, lactate, and base deficit estimation. These newborns were evaluated in level III NICU and divided into two groups. Group 1 had no or signs and symptoms of HIE I and group 2 had signs and symptoms of HIE II/III. Values of pH, lactate, and base deficit were tabulated and analyzed by receiver-operating characteristic curves. Optimal cut-off values were estimated based on the maximal Youden index.
Results Mean pH was significantly lower in group 2 than in group 1, while lactate and base deficit were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1. Cut-off points for determining severity of HIE were pH <7.13, lactate >6.89 mg/dL, and base deficit >7 mEq/L. Sensitivity and specificity for these cut-off points were 100% and 91.49% for pH, 100% and 85.11% for lactate, and 82.4% and 91.76% for base deficit, respectively. Predictive abilities of all three parameters were similar in determination of HIE severity.
Conclusion Umbilical arterial pH, lactate, and base deficit have excellent accuracy to predict the severity of HIE. All three parameters have similarly good predictive ability.
Predictors of prolonged stay in the pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Arafah Yudha Fadhol , Murni Indah Kartika , Rusmawatiningtyas Desy 
Published: June 2020

Background Prolonged stay in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) reflects not only disease severity and patient health status, but also the performance and quality of patient care.
Objective To to determine whether surgical procedure, severe malnourishment, cardiovascular condition, sepsis, and ventilator use were the predictors of prolonged PICU stay.
Methods This nested, case-control study was conducted with secondary data from medical records of pediatric inpatients at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. We included pediatric patients aged 1 month-18 years treated in the PICU between 1 January - 31 December 2018. Predictors of prolonged stay were identified including surgical procedures, severe malnourishment, cardiovascular conditions, sepsis, and ventilator use. Logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors.
Results Subjects’ overall median age was 3.12 (IQR 0.76-18.8) years and the male to female ratio was 1:1. Median duration of ventilator use was 4 (IQR 1-21) days. The most common diagnosis was neurological disease (26.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that surgical procedure (OR 5.75; 95%CI 2.06 to 14.61) was statistically significant as an independent predictor of prolonged PICU stay.
Conclusion Surgical procedure is the significant predictor of prolonged stay in PICU.
Blood count to determine chronic inflammation severity in obese adolescents
Authors: Wongkar Martini , Lowis Handoko , Warouw Sarah M. , Lolombulan Julius , Gunawan Stefanus 
Published: June 2020

Background Obesity is a growing public health problem of rapidly increasing prevalence in developing countries. Chronic low-grade inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Blood count values and ratios have been used as markers of inflammatory diseases. These parameters may be useful to determine the severity of chronic inflammation in obese children.
Objective To determine if red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can be useful for determining the severity of chronic inflammation in obese children.
Methods This observational, analytic study was conducted in obese adolescents aged 14-18 years at senior high schools in Manado, North Sulawesi, from July to September 2018. Students with congenital anomalies, autoimmune diseases, history of asthma, or malignancy were excluded. Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze for potential relationships between obesity and red blood cell distribution width (RDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR).
Results There was a negative relationship between obesity and MPV, but it was not statistically significant (r=-0.006; P=0.485). There were positive, but not significant relationships between obesity and RDW (r=0.139; P=0.192), NLR (r=0.155; P=0.166), PDW (r=0.02; P=0.45), and PLR (r=0.146; P=0.181).
Conclusion The RDW, NLR, MPV, PDW, and PLR values are not significantly associated with severity of obesity in adolescents.
Tuberculous pericarditis in adolescents: A case series
Authors: Paramitha Winda , Murni Indah Kartika , Arguni Eggi , Setyowireni Dwikisworo 
Published: June 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of childhood mortality, especially in endemic areas. In 2013, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated 550,000 new cases and 80,000 deaths due to TB among children. Around 70-80% of the cases were pulmonary TB, while the rest were extra-pulmonary TB.1
Tuberculous pericarditis accounts for only 8% of all TB cases, however, tuberculosis is the main cause of pericarditis in high-TB-burden countries, including Indonesia.2 The mortality rate reached 17-40% and is affected by treatment adequacy.3 Without adequate therapy, the mean life expectancy is 3.7 months, with only 20% surviving to the sixth month.4 A 2004 study reported that successful treatment of TB in children depends on several factors, such as treatment compliance, timing and accuracy of diagnosis, concurrent human immunodeficency virus (HIV) infection and its clinical stage of disease, malnutrition, and drug resistance.5 Adolescents and young adults are at the highest risks of having TB.6 We report here on three cases of tuberculous pericarditis in adolescents and their outcomes following pericardiocentesis and medication.
Perbandingan Plasmaferesis dan Imunoglobulin untuk Terapi Miastenia Gravis Juvenil
Authors: Mangunatmadja Irawan , Himawan Susanti , Noorshintaningsih Dheeva 
Published: June 2020

Latar belakang. Manfaat imunomodulasi dengan plasmaferesis dan / atau imunoglobulin telah dibuktikan dalam beberapa penelitian tetapi efektivitas komparatifnya sebagai terapi, terutama pada miastenia gravis juvenil, belum diteliti secara luas.Tujuan. Membandingkan efektifitas dan efisiensi terapi miastenia gravis general juvenil dengan plasmaferesis dan imunoglobulin. Metode. Penelusuran pustaka database elektronik, yaitu Pubmed dan Cochrane, dengan kata kunci “Juvenile myasthenia gravis”, “immunoglobulin”, dan “plasmapheresis”.Hasil. Penelusuran literatur diperoleh 2 artikel yang terpilih kemudian dilakukan telaah kritis. Studi oleh Gajdos dkk, dengan level of evidence 1b, menemukan bahwa plasmaferesis dan imunoglobulin tidak memiliki perbedaan keefektifitasan yang bermakna untuk terapi miastenia gravis juvenil general, dengan efek samping pada plasmaferesis ditemukan lebih banyak dibandingkan pada imunoglobulin.Kesimpulan. Berdasarkan penelitian ilmiah yang telah dipaparkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa imunoglobulin lebih efisien dalam hal harga, prosedur, teknik, dengan efek samping yang lebih sedikit dan keefektifitasan terapi yang sama dibandingkan dengan plasmaferesis.
Proverb from Winfrid’s Time and Bede’s Death Song: Some Textual Problems in Two Eighth-Century Poems Revisited
Authors: Bammesberger Alfred 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe sequence Oft daedlata domę foręldit (four words) in the Old English Proverb from Winfrid’s Time (ProvW, 1) defies grammatical analysis because foręldit ‘delays’ requires an accusative object. It is proposed to read Oft daed lata domę foręldit as five words, with daed (= dǣd) ‘deed’ functioning as direct object. This suggestion does not require any emendation because word division in Old English is by no means regular and there is some space between daed and lata in the manuscript anyway. The dative forms domę and gahwem (2a) function as instrumentals, with gahwem perhaps subordinated to domę. The meaning of the simplex lata lies in the area of ‘late-comer’, but ‘sluggard’, ‘laggard’ or other derogatory terms are not suitable. With regard to its genre, ProvW may be viewed in conjunction with Bede’s Death Song (BDS). The vocabulary of BDS presents some problems, but, above all, the construction of the five verse-lines is not totally clear. It is proposed that the comparative thoncsnotturra (2a) has absolute function, and that the adverbial than (2b), meaning ‘then’, introduces a fresh clause. ProvW and BDS may belong to a larger group of self-contained texts no longer extant. In a wide sense they represent the category of Wisdom Poetry in a Christian context.
Progress in research on the role of fibrinogen in lung cancer
Authors: Liu Xing , Shi Bin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Local recurrence and distant metastasis remain the major causes of treatment failure. It has been recognized that the process of tumor growth and metastasis involves multiple interactions between tumor and host. Various biomarkers have been used for predicting tumor recurrence, metastasis, and prognosis in patients with lung cancer. However, these biomarkers are still controversial and require further validation. The relationship between malignancy and coagulation system disorders has been explored for more than a century. Fibrinogen is the most abundant plasma coagulation factor synthesized mainly by hepatic cells. Increased plasma fibrinogen levels were observed in various carcinomas such as gastric cancer, colon cancer, and pancreatic cancer. Recent studies have also investigated the role of fibrinogen in patients with lung cancer. This review aimed to address the role of fibrinogen in lung cancer.
Silica/polymer core–shell particles prepared via soap-free emulsion polymerization
Authors: Ishihara Mina , Kaeda Tomofumi , Sasaki Takashi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, core–shell particles were prepared as a hybrid material, in which a thin polymer shell was formed on the surface of the SiO2 sphere particles. The core–shell structure was successfully achieved without adding a surfactant via simple free-radical polymerization (soap-free emulsion polymerization) for various monomers of styrene, methyl methacrylate (MMA), and their derivatives. MMA formed thin homogeneous shells of polymer (PMMA) less than 100 nm in thickness with complete surface coverage and a very smooth shell surface. The obtained shell morphology strongly depended on the monomers, which suggests different shell formation mechanisms with respect to the monomers. It was found that the cross-linking monomer 1,4-divinylbenzene tends to promote shell formation, and the cross-linking reaction may stabilize the core–shell structure throughout radical polymerization. It should also be noted that the present method produced a considerable amount of pure polymer besides the core–shell particles. The glass transition temperatures of the obtained polymer shells were higher than those of the corresponding bulk materials. This result suggests strong interactions at the core–shell interface.
Legal Transplants: Snapshots of the State of the Art and a Case Study from Central Europe – Post Transplantation-adjustment of Contractual Liability in the New Hungarian Civil Code
Authors: Fuglinszky Ádám 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStrict contractual liability, foreseeability and non-cumul in the new Hungarian Civil Code are a living laboratory of legal transplantation. After an introduction (I) an overview is provided on the state of the art on legal transplants in seven theses (II). A case study follows next (III), sorted into three categories: ‘full legal transplants’ (comparative analyses took place both before and after the transplantation); ‘limping legal transplants’ (no a priori comparative considerations took place but the comparative toolbox is used in interpreting the new rules) and ‘surprising legal transplants,’ based on the spontaneous intuitions of the legislator having resulted in rejection and/or conversion into a ‘legal irritant’. The conclusions (IV) verify the significance of comparative analyses both in the pre- and post-transplantation phase.
Preparation of graphene oxide/chitosan complex and its adsorption properties for heavy metal ions
Authors: Li Linbo , Zhao Lirong , Ma Jian , Tian Yuhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGraphene oxide hydrosol was added dropwise to the surface of chitosan (CS) to successfully obtain graphene oxide/chitosan composite (GC). The composite material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The prepared adsorbent was used to simulate the static adsorption of copper, lead, and cadmium ions from 100 mL of 50 mg/L simulated wastewater samples. When the pH of the simulated wastewater is 6, initial dosage is 70 mg, adsorption time is 90 min, and temperature is 20°C; the adsorption capacities for copper, lead, and cadmium are 60.7, 48.7, and 32.3 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption and desorption cycle experiments show that the adsorption capacity of GC for copper ions can reach 86% of the initial adsorption capacity after ten cycles. The adsorption of lead ions on the composite conforms to the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model.
Prevalence and predictors of positive mental health among adolescents in rural Puducherry, South India
Authors: Arikrishnan Kalaiselvy , Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Sarveswaran Gokul , Majella Marie Gilbert , L Deeparaj , Swapna Bayye , Chinnakali Palanivel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Most of the adult mental health disorder occurs either during childhood or adolescent stage. Assessment of positive mental health among adolescents will help in predicting the future physical and mental health outcome. Hence, this study was done to determine the prevalence and factors associated with positive mental health among adolescents in rural Puducherry.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents (10–19 years) during April and May 2018. Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF), a validated questionnaire was used for the assessment of positive mental health. Prevalence of positive mental health was expressed as proportion with 95% confidence interval.

Results
Of the total 245 adolescents interviewed, almost half of them belonged to the age group of mid-adolescence (14–16 years). Majority (66.5%) were boys and more than one third were studying in secondary class.
Prevalence of positive mental health was 51.8% (95% CI: 45.6–58.1). Mother’s education between primary and secondary (aPR-0.77 95% CI: 0.60–0.98), upper middle (aPR-1.74 95% CI: 1.03–2.94) and middle socioeconomic status (aPR-1.80 95% CI: 1.11–2.87) were significantly associated with positive mental health.

Conclusion
Current study found that more than half of the rural adolescents had positive mental health. Maternal education and upper socioeconomic status were found to be significant predictors of positive mental health. Our findings on the burden and risk factors as well as protective factors of mental health can contribute to the mental health strategy in public health action.
Perception of body image and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) among college girls in Puducherry
Authors: Puja Kumari , Rajaa Sathish , Ronur Ramesh , Thulasingam Mahalakshmy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives
Adolescence is a transition stage when girls start developing positive and negative images regarding their body shape and appearance. It is a period where there is a constant urge among females to get a skinny and slim body shape. These distinguished unreal body shapes are influenced by the mass media and other common cultural idols. As it is important to know the factors affecting their perception, we aimed to determine the proportion of college girls who overestimate/underestimate their body image and also the influence of media, peers and parents in their perception of body image.

Methods
Total 510 students were selected between 18 and 21years. Standardized self -administered questionnaire such as the Figure Rating Scale (FRS) was used to determine the perception of body image among college girls. The FRS consists of schematic silhouette image of nine female from outmost slender to outmost overweight. Data regarding Sociodemographic, Anthropometry and effect of various factors influencing them were also collected.

Results
The present study showed that almost 60.2% of the college girls were having correct perception of their body shape. 21.2% of the college girls overestimated their body shape and 18.6% of college girls underestimated their body shape. The perception was significantly influenced by media, parents and peers.

Conclusion
The study concluded that almost two in five girls have a misconception of their body shape and it is more influenced by media and family, so encouraging adequate support from their parents and following healthy eating behavior is the need of the hour.
A pilot study of attachment relationships, psychological problems and negative automatic thoughts among college students in Pakistan
Authors: Irfan Siddrah , Zulkefly Nor Sheereen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The present pilot study examined the associations between attachment relationships, psychological problems, and negative automatic thoughts among late adolescents in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Subjects
A total of 98 participants (male = 49, female = 49) were recruited from government colleges in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Methods
The measures used to assess the research variables of this cross sectional study were the Inventory of Parent-Peer Attachment (IPPA-Urdu), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-Urdu), and the Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ-Urdu).

Results
All of these measures had good reliabilities. Findings of the correlation analyses demonstrated that maternal, paternal and peer attachment relationships were negatively related to symptoms of depression and anxiety as well as to negative automatic thoughts. On the other hand, depressive and anxiety symptoms were positively associated with negative automatic thoughts. Additionally, findings suggested that future studies must investigate adolescents from two-parent households and exclude those with only one living parent.

Conclusion
The results underscored the need for further investigations of the linkages between attachment relationships, negative automatic thoughts and psychological problems on larger samples.
Tobacco use and associated health risk behaviours among university students in 27 countries
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Evidence of the relationship between tobacco use and multiple health risk behaviours is limited.

Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between tobacco use and health risk behaviours in university students across different cultures.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study the sample included 23,396 university students from 27 countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas.

Results
Indicate that 5.8 and 5.5% were daily and not daily tobacco users, respectively. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, less than daily and/or daily tobacco use was associated with nutrition and dietary risk behaviour (overweight or obesity, high sodium consumption, rarely or never having breakfast and not avoiding fat and cholesterol), addictive behaviour (binge drinking, drug use, and gambling), sleep risk behaviours (long sleep, poor sleep quality and restless sleep) and other health risk behaviour (having been in a physical fight, inadequate tooth brushing, and multiple sexual partners in the past year).

Conclusions
Compared to non-tobacco users, less than daily and/or daily tobacco users had significantly higher overweight or obesity, dietary risk behaviour, addictive behaviour, sleep risk behaviours and other health risk behaviour. These associations may be taken into account in health promotion strategies targeting multiple health compromising behaviours.