bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rev. Walter J. Ciszek, SJ: An Icon of the Catholic Russian Mission
Authors: Guzik Michael A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
With the fall of Tsarist Russia and the chaos which ensued after the Great War, the Roman Catholic Church began serious missionary efforts to convert Russia to Catholicism. As the Bolsheviks continued to solidify their seizure of power, the opportunity for conversion receded. In response, the Pontifical Commission for Russia, headed independently by the Jesuit bishop Michel d’Herbigny, managed the meager gains it made but perhaps more importantly, planned for a future in which the Church could resume its missionary activity. The cornerstone of this planning was the training of “Russian Rite” priests at the Russicum. Much of the scholarship on this theme has examined this from an ecclesiological or anticipatory Cold War perspective. This article, contrarily, examines the so-called Russian Mission of the Catholic Church from a cultural perspective through an analysis of Rev. Walter Ciszek, S.J., who spent almost twenty-three years inside the USSR, many of them inside the Soviet prison and GULAG system. The article contends that Ciszek was ill-prepared by the Church for his mission, significantly based on soft-Orientalist dynamics at work in the Russicum.
Financial Companies in Latvia: Why are they Coming to the Bond Market?
Authors: Tocelovska Natalja , Sloka Biruta , Purmalis Karlis 
Published: October 2019

In the period 2013-2017 Latvian corporate bond market had experienced the abrupt growth of the number of public Latvian corporate bond issues outstanding. The base of the expansion was formed by the financing activity of Latvian financial sector issuers (FSIs) with their weight in the pool of corporate bond issues listed in Nasdaq Riga at 85%. In 2019, FSIs remain the main issuer in Latvian corporate bond market (64% of the number of issues (Nasdaq Baltic, 2019)). The financing needs and preferences of the FSIs not only shape the segment profitability but also build Latvian corporate bond market sustainability.
Academic papers provide broad motivation for corporate debt issuing: an efficient competition to bank funding, long-term financing, improvement of the cash flow by decreasing the cost of debt, optimization of the financial structure, and efficient ownership structure. The existing academic research is modest on the analysis of the FSI segment as the issuer segment in the debt market where academics do analyse the corporate bonds issuance by the FSIs where motivating factors stimulating FSIs to come to the public debt market are seldom separated while size and characteristics of the issuers are mostly scrutinised.
The aim of this article is to analyse the determinant of the development of the FSI segment of the corporate bond market in Latvia by defining the factors stimulating the bond issuing decision as made by the FSI segment. This article provides primary data analysis of both survey and in-depth interviews with Latvian FSI segment representatives run in the period June-August 2017. The results of the analysis indicate that bank borrowing is not treated as the funding alternative for FSIs where issuing debt and equity funding are the recognised funding sources of the FSI segment. The growing role of the peer-to-peer platform financing is recognised and will further influence the FSI segment alternative financing. The main factors motivating FSIs to come to the debt market are reputation a company gets as the result of the bond issue, strategical ambition to be present in the public market, cost of funding in the long-term (more than 3 years). The methods used in this article are scientific publication analysis, document analysis, expert survey, in-depth interviews, and statistical data analysis.
Sinonasal Papillomas and Carcinomas: A Contemporary Update With Review of an Emerging Molecular Classification
Authors: Weindorf Steven C. , Brown Noah A. , McHugh Jonathan B. , Udager Aaron M. 
Published: October 2019

Context.—
Sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas are uncommon head and neck neoplasms that comprise a broad clinicopathologic and morphologic spectrum, and thus frequently represent a diagnostic challenge for surgical pathologists. Recent molecular interrogation of these tumors has delineated a number of recurrent alterations that correspond to distinct entities with potential diagnostic and/or therapeutic clinical utility.

Objective.—
To summarize the salient clinicopathologic, morphologic, and molecular features of sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas.

Data Sources.—
Review of pertinent literature regarding sinonasal papillomas and sinonasal carcinomas.

Conclusions.—
Despite their relative rarity in many surgical pathology practices, sinonasal papillomas and carcinomas frequently demonstrate characteristic morphologic features that are important for accurate diagnosis. Given our emerging understanding of the molecular basis for these tumors, judicious use of available ancillary tools—including immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization—may be helpful in subsets of cases, whereas additional molecular testing may be useful for diagnostically challenging and/or clinically aggressive sinonasal tumors.
La ciudad de Madrid en La narrativa de Manuel Longares: evocación y memoria recreadora
Authors: Succio Marco , Belmonte Serrano José 
Published: October 2019

El artículo analiza la imagen de madrid en las novelas de Manuel Longares, autor que en estos primeros años del siglo XXI se ha confirmado como el mejor intérprete de la capital de España dentro de la narrativa en lengua castellana. Las razones de su alta calidad literaria estriban en la creación de un estilo propio y en una cuidadosa utilización de los recursos lingüísticos y formales. Específicamente, se profundiza en la capacidad del autor de conducir al lector hacia una interpretación más sensorial que visual del espacio urbano.
the article analyzes the image of madrid as it appears in the novels by Manuel Longares; since the first years of the 21st Century this author is considered the greatest interpreter of the spanish capital in Literature. the reasons for his high literary qualities lie in the creation of a personal style and in a careful use of linguistic and formal resources. More specifically, this study focuses on the author’s ability to lead the reader towards a more sensory than visual interpretation of the urban space.
Moda y literatura. un caso paradigmático: Juan Valera
Authors: Ruíz Cáceres Rocío 
Published: October 2019

Los novelistas españoles del siglo XIX conceden gran importancia a la moda, a la forma de vestir como distinción social. El tema del «quiero y no puedo», entre otros, será un aspecto que dicte la conducta de numerosos personajes de ficción en la novela realista-naturalista. En el presente estudio se analiza la presencia de la moda en las novelas de Valera desde una doble óptica: la epistolar, correspondiente a sus cartas en las que se refleja la moda, y la narrativa, fundamentalmente sus novelas Pepita Jiménez, Doña Luz, Las ilusiones del doctor Faustino, Juanita la Larga y Genio y figura
Spanish novelists from the 19th century give great importance to the fashion, the way of dressing as a social distinction. the issue of «I would like to, but I’m not able to», among others, it will be an aspect that dictate the behavior of many fictional characters in the realist-naturalist novel. this research analyses the presence of fashion in Valera’s novels from a double perspective: the epistolary, corresponding to his letters in which fashion is reflected, and the narrative, mainly his novels Pepita Jiménez, Doña Luz, Las ilusiones del doctor Faustino, Juanita la Larga and Genio y figura.
Trash Versionality for Post-Digital Culture
Authors: Lawrie Magnus 
Published: October 2019

This article attempts an overview of phenomena, which exemplify informational and conceptual instances (or ‘versions’) characteristic of current ‘post-digital’ conditions. By counter-posing a variety of material, I aim to explore the role and position of different kinds of images (foremost social and visual) as they constitute post-digital relations. These are relations in which the primacy of computerized digital objects is moot. The versions presented in this text are the social, cultural and organizational confluences which find expression in differing data formats — originals and copies subject to fluctuating, moment-to-moment alteration. Together with the growth in communication and exchange, these versions imply a continual re-writing of the standards affecting social and network-based encounter. The processes renew shared conceptions and pictures, prompt self-reflection and pose the questions, “whose truth?” and, “whose value(s)?”
Plano de Ação Palmas Sustentável 2015: processo de planejamento e justiça social
Authors: Rodovalho Sarah Afonso , Pizzio Alex , Rocha Silva Monica Aparecida da 
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a construção do diagnóstico do Plano de Ação Palmas Sustentável 2015. Metodologicamente, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e análise do conteúdo do documento final elaborado pelo Instituto Pólis, pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento e pela Prefeitura Municipal de Palmas. O trabalho buscou compreender as características da Iniciativa Cidades Emergentes e Sustentáveis (ICES), a finalidade da inclusão de Palmas na ICES e a metodologia de trabalho; ainda examinou, no decorrer do documento, os dados apresentados sobre a realidade urbana de Palmas e as prioridades de ação. Os pressupostos teóricos acerca do entendimento de desenvolvimento em sua abordagem socioespacial urbana e da justiça social serviram como instrumentos para as análises realizadas. Pode-se observar que a visão de desenvolvimento do Plano de Ação Palmas Sustentável 2015 não considera a justiça social em suas três dimensões como ponto de partida para seu processo de planejamento.
Water: The Environmental, Technological, and Societal Complexity of a Simple Substance
Authors: Hering Janet G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFor such a simple substance, water plays a remarkable variety of critical roles at scales ranging from molecular to global. Water is essential to life, constituting roughly 60% of our bodies and is a dominant feature of our planet, covering over 70% of its surface. Because of the importance of water to society – for purposes ranging from consumption and sanitation to irrigation, navigation, and energy production – water management has been a principal responsibility of civil society throughout history. Water infrastructure represents a major investment on the part of society and has dramatically changed the extent and function of natural water bodies and watercourses. With the current megatrends of population growth, urbanization and changing consumption patterns (especially to more meat‐based diets), demands, and pressures on water resources are increasing. Meeting the direct needs of societies and, simultaneously, maintaining aquatic ecosystem structure and function will require collaboration, cooperation, and the open sharing of knowledge and experience among water researchers (from the natural, social, and engineering sciences), professionals (from the public and private sectors) engaged in management and regulation of water supply and resources and civil society organizations that seek to promote sustainable water management and protection of aquatic ecosystems.
Ecosystem Effects of Acidic Deposition
Authors: Driscoll Charles T. , Wang Zhangwei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Acidic deposition results from sulfuric and nitric acids, and ammonium derived from atmospheric emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia, respectively. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released largely from fossil fuel combustion, whereas ammonia emissions are predominantly associated with agricultural activities. Atmospheric deposition delivers acids and acidifying compounds to the Earth's surface, with adverse ecological effects largely occurring in eastern North America, northern and central, Europe and southern China. Acidic deposition has impacted foliage, and altered forest soils, resulting in health effects to trees. Acidic deposition has also impaired the water quality in eastern North America and Europe by decreasing pH levels (i.e. increasing acidity) and acid‐neutralizing capacity, and increasing dissolved inorganic aluminum concentrations. Many surface waters in acid‐sensitive regions impacted by acidic deposition exhibit chronic and/or episodic (i.e. short‐term) acidification, which have reduced the species diversity and abundance of aquatic life. Fish have received the most attention, but entire food webs are negatively affected. In North America and Europe, recent decreases in sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions have decreased acid deposition with some improvement in surface water quality. However, recovery of forest soils and biota has generally lagged.
Ionic Liquid Analogs of AlCl3 with Urea Derivatives as Electrolytes for Aluminum Batteries
Authors: Angell Michael , Zhu Guanzhou , Lin Meng‐Chang , Rong Youmin , Dai Hongjie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe ionic liquid analog, formed through the mixture of urea and AlCl3, has previously shown to serve as a low‐cost electrolyte for an aluminum‐graphite battery, while maintaining good performance and achieving high Coulombic efficiency. Undesirable are the relatively high viscosity and low conductivity of this electrolyte, when compared to chloroaluminate ionic liquids with organic cations. In this work, the fundamental changes to the electrolyte resulting from using derivatives of urea (N‐methyl urea and N‐ethyl urea), again mixed with AlCl3, are examined. These electrolytes are shown to have significantly lower viscosities (η = 45, 67, and 133 cP when using N‐ethyl urea, N‐methyl urea, and urea, respectively, at 25 °C). The associated batteries exhibit higher intrinsic discharge voltages (2.04 and 2.08 V for N‐methyl urea and N‐ethyl urea electrolytes, respectively, vs 1.95 V for urea system@100 mA g−1 specific current for ≈5 mg cm−2 loading), due to changes in concentrations of ionic species. Aluminum deposition is directly observed to primarily occur through reduction of Al2Cl7− when AlCl3 is present in excess, in contrast to previously suggested cationic Al‐containing species, via operando Raman spectroscopy performed during cyclic voltammetry.
Compressible and Electrically Conducting Fibers for Large‐Area Sensing of Pressures
Authors: Leber Andreas , Page Alexis Gérald , Yan Dong , Qu Yunpeng , Shadman Shahrzad , Reis Pedro , Sorin Fabien 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors offer a wide application range in health monitoring and human–machine interaction. However, their implementation in functional textiles and wearable electronics is limited because existing devices are usually small, 0D elements, and pressure localization is only achieved through arrays of numerous sensors. Fiber‐based solutions are easier to integrate and electrically address, yet still suffer from limited performance and functionality. An asymmetric cross‐sectional design of compressible multimaterial fibers is demonstrated for the detection, quantification, and localization of kPa‐scale pressures over m2‐size surfaces. The scalable thermal drawing technique is employed to coprocess polymer composite electrodes within a soft thermoplastic elastomer support into long fibers with customizable architectures. Thanks to advanced mechanical analysis, the fiber microstructure can be tailored to respond in a predictable and reversible fashion to different pressure ranges and locations. The functionalization of large, flexible surfaces with the 1D sensors is demonstrated by measuring pressures on a gymnastic mat for the monitoring of body position, posture, and motion.
Electrochemical and Structural Analysis in All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries by Analytical Electron Microscopy: Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Zhang Chunchen , Feng Yuzhang , Han Zhen , Gao Si , Wang Meiyu , Wang Peng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAdvanced scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and its associated instruments have made significant contributions to the characterization of all‐solid‐state (ASS) Li batteries, as these tools provide localized information on the structure, morphology, chemistry, and electronic state of electrodes, electrolytes, and their interfaces at the nano‐ and atomic scale. Furthermore, the rapid development of in situ techniques has enabled a deep understanding of interfacial dynamic behavior and heterogeneous characteristics during the cycling process. However, due to the beam‐sensitive nature of light elements in the interphases, e.g., Li and O, thorough and reliable studies of the interfacial structure and chemistry at an ultrahigh spatial resolution without beam damage is still a formidable challenge. Herein, the following points are discussed: (1) the recent contributions of advanced STEM to the study of ASS Li batteries; (2) current challenges associated with using this method; and (3) potential opportunities for combining cryo‐electron microscopy and the STEM phase contrast imaging techniques.
Arylacetic Acids in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Yang Chenxi , Sheng Xia , Zhang Ling , Yu Jiang , Huang Dayun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractArylacetic acids are widely used in organic reactions and their recent advances are summarized in six categories according to their triggered pathways: (1) the acid as directing group in ortho‐ or meta‐C−H activation; (2) decarboxylation; (3) deprotonation; (4) nucleophilic methylenes; (5) nucleophilic acids; (6) electrophilic acids. Reactions with alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes, amines, water, Grignard reagents, silanes and so forth are discussed. We hope this Minireview will promote future research in this area.
Precise Synthesis of Ultra‐High‐Molecular‐Weight Fluoropolymers Enabled by Chain‐Transfer‐Agent Differentiation under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Gong Honghong , Gu Yu , Zhao Yucheng , Quan Qinzhi , Han Shantao , Chen Mao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUltra‐high‐molecular‐weight (UHMW) polymers display outstanding properties and hold potential for wide applications. However, their precise synthesis remains challenging. Herein, we developed a novel reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization based on the strong and selective fluorine–fluorine interaction, allowing chain‐transfer agents to spontaneously differentiate into two groups that take charge of the chain growth and reversible deactivation of the growing chains, respectively. This method enables dramatically improved livingness of propagation, providing UHMW polymers with a surprisingly narrow molecular weight distribution (Đ≈1.1) from a variety of fluorinated (meth)acrylates and acrylamide at quantitative conversions under visible‐light irradiation. In situ chain‐end extensions from UHMW polymers facilitated the synthesis of well‐defined block copolymers, revealing the excellent chain‐end fidelity achieved by this method.
Ethnomedicinal plant‐extract‐assisted green synthesis of iron nanoparticles usingAllium saralicumextract, and their antioxidant, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal and cutaneous wound‐healing activities
Authors: Zangeneh Akram , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi , Moradi Rohallah 
Published: October 2019

The aim of the experiment was the evaluation of antioxidant, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal and cutaneous wound‐healing activities of green synthesized iron nanoparticles usingAllium saralicumR.M. Fritsch leaves (FeNPs@AS). These nanoparticles were spherical with a size range of 40–45 nm, and were characterized using various analysis techniques including ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy to determine the presence of FeNPs@AS in the solution. We studied functional groups ofA. saralicumextract in the reduction and capping process of FeNPs@AS by Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy; crystallinity and FCC planes by X‐ray diffraction pattern; and surface morphology, shapes and size of FeNPs@AS by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Agar diffusion tests were done to determine the antibacterial and antifungal characteristics. FeNPs@AS prevented the growth of all bacteria and removed them at 2–8 mg/ml concentrations (P ≤ 0.01). In the case of antifungal potentials of FeNPs@AS, they inhibited the growth of all fungi and destroyed them at 2–4 mg/ml concentrations (P ≤ 0.01). The 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for FeNPs@AS and butylated hydroxytoluene. The synthesized FeNPs@AS had great cell viability dose‐dependently and indicated this method was non‐toxic. For thein vivoexperiment, after creating the cutaneous wound, the rats were randomly divided into six groups: treatment with 0.2% FeNPs@AS ointment; treatment with 0.2%A. saralicumointment; treatment with 0.2% FeCl3·6H2O ointment; treatment with 3% tetracycline ointment; treatment with Eucerin basal ointment; and untreated control. These groups were treated for 10 days. Use of FeNPs@AS ointment in the treatment groups significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.01) the wound area, total cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes, and significantly raised (P ≤ 0.01) the wound contracture, hydroxyl proline, hexosamine, hexuronic acid, fibrocyte and fibrocytes/fibroblast rate compared with other groups. These results show that the inclusion ofA. saralicumextracts improves the therapeutical properties of FeNPs, which led to a significant enhancement in the antioxidant, non‐cytotoxicity, antibacterial, antifungal and cutaneous wound‐healing activities of the nanoparticles.
A Practical Guide to Performance Improvement: Tools and Tips to Sustain and Control Project Improvements
Authors: Dawson Anthony 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis article discusses some of the tools and tips to sustain performance improvement (PI) and explores some of the reasons why PI projects may fail. Although some PI projects seem simple and easy to implement, PI team members sometimes find it difficult to keep momentum going, maintain gains, and sustain the changes when the project is nearing completion and afterward. Team member and leader discipline, including use of multidisciplinary communication and standard work processes, can facilitate ongoing improvement. Communication may include visual displays of information and routine huddles. After reviewing this article, the reader should have a better understanding of sustaining change and promoting continuous PI. This is the fifth article of a six‐part series about PI.
Na2SO4‐Polyacrylamide Electrolytes and Enabled Solid‐State Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Virya Alvin , Abella Justin , Grindal Andrew , Lian Keryn 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA highly ionic‐conductive and high‐performance neutral pH polymer electrolyte comprises of Na2SO4 and polyacrylamide (PAM) was developed for solid electrochemical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs). Na2SO4 was compared with Li2SO4 baseline in liquid electrolyte and exhibited higher ionic conductivity and identical stability window. Na2SO4−PAM electrolytes were optimized by varying their salt‐to‐polymer ratio. While all compositions show excellent stability for over 30‐day tracking period, an ionic conductivity of ca. 30 mS cm−1 was attained at 10,000 : 1 molar ratio of Na2SO4:PAM, among the highest reported for neutral pH polymer electrolytes. Raman spectroscopy verified that the electrolyte maintained well‐hydrated ions throughout the 30 days monitoring period. Solid EDLCs were constructed using activated carbon electrodes and Na2SO4−PAM electrolyte. They exhibited a wide 1.9 V operating window at 50 mV s−1 CV scan rate, with comparable capacitance to its liquid baseline. The solid EDLCs outperformed many symmetric devices in terms of energy and power densities. They also displayed good rate capability (up to 500 mV s−1) and excellent cycle life (>8,000 cycles).