bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a completely recyclable glass fiber‐reinforced epoxy thermoset composite
Authors: Lejeail Matthieu , Fischer Hartmut R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStimulated by the growing demand for more sustainable polymer systems, experiments were performed to develop completely recyclable epoxy‐based thermoset composite materials involving the separation, recovery, and complete reuse of both components of the composite, the resin and the fibers. In this study, a possibility to design such composites by incorporation of reversible chemistry for dedicated repair and recycling is demonstrated. Relying on Diels–Alder (DA) adducts located on the cross‐links between the polymeric chains, uncross‐linking the thermoset via the reverse DA reactions becomes possible. The network breaks up at elevated temperatures in shorter segments, which can be solubilized in solvents like acetic acid, butan‐1‐ol, or toluene. Specific processes for each of these solvents were developed to recover the resin and fibers with virtually unchanged properties. Both components were used in a second manufacturing step to produce recycled composites which display properties comparable with the original composites.
Anti‐Parkinson's Disease Function of Dioscin‐Zein‐Carboxymethyl Cellulose Nanocomplex in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: de Guzman Arvie Camille V. , Razzak Md. Abdur , Purevdulam Batmagnai , Choi Shin Sik 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNanosized dioscin‐loaded zein‐CMC (DZC) complex comprising dioscin (glycoside saponin), zein (corn protein), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is fabricated through anti‐solvent coprecipitation. The optimized ratio of zein to CMC for the homogenous complexation is 5:1, and DZC maintains its stability in a wide range of pH (3.0–8.0) and ionic strength (0–50 mm NaCl). No biological toxicity of DZC is found in Caenorhabditis elegans with a normal lifespan and body size. Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the loss of dopamine (DA) and dopaminergic neurons. In cat‐2 mutant with defective biosynthesis of DA, DZC‐fed animals show intact DA behaviors including basal slowing response (≈60%) and alcohol avoidance (≈80%). Such DA promotional effects are a result of the enhanced expression/activation of DA transporter, DAT‐1 in DA neurons. Taken together, DZC has a potential for preventing PD as an oral‐administered drugs and supplements.
Correlation between 3D‐QCA based FFR and quantitative lumen assessment by IVUS for left main coronary artery stenoses
Authors: Tomaniak Mariusz , Masdjedi Kaneshka , van Zandvoort Laurens J , Neleman Tara , Tovar Forero Maria N , Vermaire Alise , Kochman Janusz , Kardys Isabella , den Dekker Wijnand , Wilschut Jeroen , Diletti Roberto , de Jaegere Peter , Van Mieghem Nicolas M , Zijlstra Felix , Daemen Joost 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using three dimensional‐quantitative coronary angiography (3D‐QCA) based fractional flow reserve (FFR) (vessel fractional flow reserve [vFFR], CAAS8.1, Pie Medical Imaging) and to correlate vFFR values with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) for the evaluation of intermediate left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenosis.Background3D‐QCA derived FFR indices have been recently developed for less invasive functional lesion assessment. However, LMCA lesions were vastly under‐represented in first validation studies.MethodsThis observational single‐center cohort study enrolled consecutive patients with stable angina, unstable angina, or non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction and nonostial, intermediate grade LMCA stenoses who underwent IVUS evaluation. vFFR was computed based on two angiograms with optimal LMCA stenosis projection and correlated with IVUS‐derived minimal lumen area (MLA).ResultsA total of 256 patients with intermediate grade LMCA stenosis evaluated with IVUS were screened for eligibility; 147 patients met the clinical inclusion criteria and had a complete IVUS LMCA footage available, of them, 63 patients (63 lesions) underwent 3D‐QCA and vFFR analyses. The main reason for screening failure was insufficient quality of the angiogram (51 patients,60.7%). Mean age was 65 ± 11 years, 75% were male. Overall, mean MLA within LMCA was 8.77 ± 3.17 mm2, while mean vFFR was 0.87 ± 0.09. A correlation was observed between vFFR and LMCA MLA (r = .792, p = .001). The diagnostic accuracy of vFFR ≤0.8 in identifying lesions with MLA < 6.0 mm2 (sensitivity 98%, specificity 71.4%, area under the curve (AUC) 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–1.00, p = .001) was good.ConclusionsIn patients with good quality angiographic visualization of LMCA and available complete LMCA IVUS footage, 3D‐QCA based vFFR assessment of LMCA disease correlates well to LMCA MLA as assessed by IVUS.
Myasthenia gravis therapy with individualized homeopathy: A case report
Authors: Văcăraș Vitalie , Nistor Cristina , Rahovan Imelda , Văcăraş Cristiana , Vithoulkas George 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present a 61‐year‐old man with severe myasthenia gravis, nonresponsive to conventional therapy. The patient was treated with individualized homeopathy, demonstrating significant improvement on his clinical status and no disease symptoms.
Synthesis of (−)‐Dihydroraputindole D by Enantioselective Benzoylation of a 1,3‐Diol Intermediate
Authors: Fresia Marvin , Kock Mario , Lindel Thomas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe enantioselective synthesis of (−)‐dihydroraputindole D is reported. The key step is the desymmetrizing benzoylation of a prochiral 1,3‐diol employing Trost′s ProPhenol catalyst system, which has been applied for the first time to a cyclic molecule carrying geminal hydroxymethyl groups. The cyclopenta[f]indoline system was assembled by Au(I)‐catalyzed cyclization of an alkynylated indoline precursor. (−)‐Dihydroraputindole D was obtained in 17 steps and 8% overall yield starting from dihydroxyacetone. In combination with quantum chemical calculations of the ECD spectra, our synthesis allowed us to determine the absolute configuration (5S,7R) of the natural product (+)‐raputindole D from the Rutaceous plant Raputia simulans.
Quantifying the Overall Efficiency of Circularly Polarized Emitters
Authors: Arrico Lorenzo , Di Bari Lorenzo , Zinna Francesco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn increasing number of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) molecular emitters has been developed in recent years and many of them are intended for applications in which high overall CPL efficiencies are required. In order to have a complete picture of the efficiency of a CPL emitter, dissymmetry factor (glum) is not enough. In the following we propose a new quantity, named CPL brightness (BCPL), which takes into account absorption extinction coefficient and quantum yield along with the glum factor. We calculated BCPL value for more than 180 compounds reported in the literature and we analyse data distribution for the main classes of CPL molecular emitters. This tool can be employed to put into context new CPL active compounds and to direct the choice of molecular systems for specific CPL applications.
Insights into the Two‐Electron Reductive Process of [FeFe]H2ase Biomimetics: Cyclic Voltammetry and DFT Investigation on Chelate Control of Redox Properties of [Fe2(CO)4(κ2‐Chelate)(μ‐Dithiolate)]
Authors: Arrigoni Federica , Elleouet Catherine , Mele Andrea , Pétillon François Y. , De Gioia Luca , Schollhammer Philippe , Zampella Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of complexes [Fe2(CO)4(κ2‐phen)(μ‐xdt)] (phen=1,10‐phenanthroline; xdt=pdt (1), adtiPr (2)) in MeCN‐[Bu4N][PF6] 0.2 m is described as a two‐reduction process. DFT calculations show that 1 and its monoreduced form 1− display metal‐ and phenanthroline‐centered frontier orbitals (LUMO and SOMO) indicating the non‐innocence of the phenanthroline ligand. Two energetically close geometries were found for the doubly reduced species suggesting an intriguing influence of the phenanthroline ligand leading to the cleavage of a Fe−S bond as proposed generally for this type of complex or retaining the electron density and avoiding Fe−S cleavage. Extension of calculations to other complexes with edt, adtiPr bridge and even virtual species [Fe2(CO)4(κ2‐phen)(μ‐adtR)] (R=CH(CF3)2, H) or [Fe2(CO)4(κ2‐phen)(μ‐pdtR)] (R=CH(CF3)2, iPr) showed that the relative stability between both two‐electron‐reduced isomers depends on the nature of the bridge and the possibility to establish a remote anagostic interaction between the iron center {Fe(CO)3} and the group carried by the bridged‐head atom of the dithiolate group.
Multiwalled CNTs for Cr(VI) removal from industrial wastewater: An advanced study on adsorption, kinetics, thermodynamics for the comparison between the embedded and non‐embedded carboxyl group
Authors: Verma Bharti , Goel Shreyank , Balomajumder Chandrajit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe adsorption capabilities of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with and without the embedded carboxyl group for the removal of parts per million levels of hexavalent chromium were examined as a function of several parameters, namely contact time, pH of initial solution, initial concentration of Cr(VI), adsorbent dosage as well as temperature of solution. Adsorption isotherms have been utilized to explain the adsorption mechanism. Ion exchange, intra‐particle diffusion, and electrostatic interactions are found to be the fundamental mechanisms describing the adsorption of Cr(VI). The maximum adsorption capacities of Cr(VI) ion by raw MWCNTs and functionalized MWCNTs were found to be 84.75 and 78.13 mg · g−1, respectively, as calculated by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. This is with regard to the electron‐rich atoms inside the functional group which repels the negatively charged dichromate ions. Kinetic studies were performed, and the data was found in good agreement with the pseudo‐second‐order.
Diagnosis and treatment of transthyretin‐related amyloidosis cardiomyopathy
Authors: Teng Catherine , Li Pengyang , Bae Ju Young , Pan Su , Dixon Richard A. F. , Liu Qi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTransthyretin‐related amyloidosis (ATTR) is a subgroup of amyloidosis that results from extracellular misassembled and toxic amyloid deposits affecting multiple organ systems, and cardiac tissues in particular. Because ATTR often presents as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), it has been largely underdiagnosed. Once considered incurable with a grave prognosis, ATTR cardiomyopathy has seen the development of promising alternatives for diagnosis and treatment, with early diagnosis and treatment of ATTR cardiomyopathy highly beneficial due to its high mortality rate. For instance, diagnosing ATTR cardiomyopathy previously required a cardiac biopsy, but new modalities, such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and radionuclide bone scans, show promise in accurately diagnosing ATTR cardiomyopathy. Ongoing research and clinical trials have focused on identifying new treatments which primarily target amyloid fiber formation by inhibiting TTR gene expression, stabilizing the TTR tetramer, preventing oligomer aggregation, or affecting degradation of amyloid fibers. In this review, we describe the advances made in the diagnosis and treatment of ATTR in order to increase awareness of the disease and encourage a lower threshold for ATTR workup. Our review also highlights the need for improving the screening, diagnosis, and treatment guidelines for ATTR cardiomyopathy.
The brain of the African wild dog.IV. The visual system
Authors: Chengetanai Samson , Bhagwandin Adhil , Bertelsen Mads F. , Hård Therese , Hof Patrick R. , Spocter Muhammad A. , Manger Paul R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe variegated pelage and social complexity of the African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) hint at the possibility of specializations of the visual system. Here, using a range of architectural and immunohistochemical stains, we describe the systems‐level organization of the image‐forming, nonimage forming, oculomotor, and accessory optic, vision‐associated systems in the brain of one representative individual of the African wild dog. For all of these systems, the organization, in terms of location, parcellation and topology (internal and external), is very similar to that reported in other carnivores. The image‐forming visual system consists of the superior colliculus, visual dorsal thalamus (dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, pulvinar and lateral posterior nucleus) and visual cortex (occipital, parietal, suprasylvian, temporal and splenial visual regions). The nonimage forming visual system comprises the suprachiasmatic nucleus, ventral lateral geniculate nucleus, pretectal nuclear complex and the Edinger–Westphal nucleus. The oculomotor system incorporates the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens cranial nerve nuclei as well as the parabigeminal nucleus, while the accessory optic system includes the dorsal, lateral and medial terminal nuclei. The extent of similarity to other carnivores in the systems‐level organization of these systems indicates that the manner in which these systems process visual information is likely to be consistent with that found, for example, in the well‐studied domestic cat. It would appear that the sociality of the African wild dog is dependent upon the processing of information extracted from the visual system in the higher‐order cognitive and affective neural systems.
Work‐life balance and corporate social responsibility: The evaluation of gender differences on the relationship between family‐friendly psychological climate and altruistic behaviors at work
Authors: Álvarez‐Pérez María Dolores , Carballo‐Penela Adolfo , Rivera‐Torres Pilar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWork‐life balance issues are very important for those companies interested in Corporate Social Responsibility. Using a sample of 511 Spanish employees, this work examines the effect of family‐friendly psychological climate (FFPC) on altruism through job satisfaction. It also considers the moderating effect of gender on the studied relationships. The results obtained through structural equation analysis show (1) a positive association between FFPC and altruistic behaviors of employees; (2) that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between the perceptions of managerial support and altruism and (3) that the perception of managerial support directly leads to the development of altruistic behaviors in the case of women and, in the case of men, only when this support affects satisfaction. These findings have some managerial implications. For instance, firms interested in promoting altruistic behaviors among their employees could incorporate into the performance appraisal system the assessment of managers' assistance to employees.
Recent Advances in Carboxylation of Furoic Acid into 2,5‐Furandicarboxylic Acid: Pathways towards Bio‐Based Polymers
Authors: Drault Fabien , Snoussi Youssef , Paul Sébastien , Itabaiana Ivaldo , Wojcieszak Robert 
Published: July 2020

Abstract2,5‐furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is one of the most important bio‐sourced building blocks and several routes have been reported for its synthesis. FDCA is presumed to be an ideal green alternative to terephthalate, which is one of the predominant monomers in polymer industry. This Minireview concerns the synthesis of FDCA by using various carboxylation reactions and discusses the synthesis of FDCA starting from furoic acid and CO2 and using different catalytic and stoichiometric processes. This process is of high interest, as it avoids the glucose isomerization step and selectivity issues observed during the 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation step of the current alternative route to FDCA. Discussion focuses on the main parameters that govern selectivity and activity in the carboxylation processes. Moreover, various previously described processes, such as the Henkel reaction and enzymatic, homogeneous catalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic processes, are also discussed.
What Fluorine Can Do in CO2 Chemistry: Applications from Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Systems
Authors: Chen Hao , Yang Zhenzhen , Do‐Thanh Chi‐Linh , Dai Sheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCO2 chemistry including capture and fixation has attracted great attention towards the aim of reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere. “CO2‐philic” materials are required to achieve good performance owing to the intrinsic properties of the CO2 molecule, that is, thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness. In this respect, fluorinated materials have been deployed in CO2 capture (physical and chemical pathway) or fixation (thermo‐ and electrocatalytic procedure) with good performances, including homogeneous (e. g., ionic liquids and small organic molecules) and heterogeneous counterparts (e. g., carbons, porous organic polymers, covalent triazine frameworks, metal–organic frameworks, and membranes). In this Minireview, these works are summarized and analyzed from the aspects of (1) the strategy used for fluorine introduction, (2) characterization of the targeted materials, (3) performance of the fluorinated systems in CO2 chemistry, and comparison with the nonfluorinated counterparts, (4) the role of fluorinated functionalities in the working procedure, and (5) the relationship between performance and structural/electronic properties of the materials. The systematic summary in this Minireview will open new opportunities in guiding the design of “CO2‐philic” materials and pave the way to stimulate further progress in this field.
Robust three‐factor authentication protocol for satellite communication systems
Authors: Chen Yulei , Chen Jianhua 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe rapid development of satellite communications has brought great convenience to people's lives, as well as huge security challenges. In order to guarantee the security of users, a large number of authentication protocols have been proposed. Recently, Xu et al. proposed an improved mutual authentication protocol based on perfect forward secrecy for satellite communications. In this paper, we will point out that Xu et al.'s protocol cannot resist the offline password guessing attack and the replay attack and fails to provide user untraceability. To overcome these weaknesses, we propose a robust three‐factor‐based authentication protocol for satellite communication systems and analyze its correctness using Burrows–Abadi–Needham logic. In addition, the descriptive security analysis shows that our protocol is safe and robust against various attacks. By comparing with other related protocols, we find that our protocol has better performance.
DISCERN: Enhanced Dynamic noISe varianCe based EneRgy sensing for cognitive radio using USRP at Wi‐Fi bands
Authors: Avinash Reddy Avuthu , Babu Battula Ramesh , Gopalani Dinesh , Chaithanya Kurra 
Published: July 2020

SummarySpectrum sensing is one of the critical tasks in a cognitive radio system that allows a secondary user to use the spectrum while the primary user does not use it. The energy detection (ED) sensing is one of the most common techniques to identify the unused portions in the spectrum bands. In ED, threshold plays a vital role in signal detection, and noise is one of the significant factors in threshold calculation. However, ED efficiency is degraded by the noise uncertainty phenomenon caused by the random changes in noise level. The adverse effects of noise uncertainty are reduced by changing its detection threshold dynamically to the noise circumstances encountered during each sensing period. In the proposed method, received random samples are arranged in M blocks, applied strong Pearson correlation to separate and estimate the variance from the noise samples. The enhanced dynamic noise variance‐based energy sensing is implemented in GNU radio processing blocks and tested on industrial, scientific, medical (ISM) 2.4 GHz frequency bands by using national instrument universal software radio peripheral (NI USRP‐2932) device. The experimental results of proposed energy detction mechanism are compared with existing sensing techniques.
A Novel Molecularly Imprinted Potentiometric Sensor for the Fast Determination of Bisoprolol Fumarate in Biological Samples
Authors: Mourad R. , El badry Mohamed Marwa , Frag Eman Y. Z. , El‐Boraey Hanaa A. , EL‐Sanafery Safa S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was prepared and used in the preparation of carbon paste electrode (CPE) for the quantification of bisoprolol fumarate (BF) in pure, pharmaceutical formulation and biological fluids. The selective MIP for BF was synthesized from methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross‐linker in dimethyl sulfoxide solution, BF as the template molecule and 2, 2‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator. The non‐imprinted polymer (NIP) was synthesized by the same procedure, but in the absence of the template molecule then incorporated in the paste of the carbon paste electrodes (CPEs). The prepared MIP for BF and its corresponding NIP were well characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The MIP and NIP based CPEs were further used for the determination of BF and the obtained results indicated that the sensor modified by the MIP have much higher recognition power for the BF molecules than the NIP based sensor where the MIP based CPE exhibited a Nernstian response 29.50±0.55 mV decade−1 within a concentration range of 1.0×10−7–1.0×10−2 mol L−1and pH independence in the range 3.50–7.15. The proposed sensor has high selectivity over several possible interfering compounds. The obtained results by the proposed sensor were satisfactory with excellent percentage recovery and relative standard deviation and were comparable with those obtained from HPLC reported method.
Inexpensive and nonconventional fabrication of microfluidic devices in PMMA based on a soft‐embossing protocol
Authors: Lobo‐Júnior Eulício O. , Chagas Cyro L. S. , Duarte Lucas C. , Cardoso Thiago M. G. , de Souza Fabrício R. , Lima Renato S. , Coltro Wendell K. T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study describes an inexpensive and nonconventional soft‐embossing protocol to produce microfluidic devices in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The desirable microfluidic structure was photo‐patterned in a poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) film deposited on glass substrate to produce a low‐relief master. Then, this template was used to generate a high‐relief pattern in stiffened PDMS by increasing of curing agent /monomer ratio (1:5) followed by thermal aging in a laboratory oven (200°C for 24 h). The stiffened PDMS masters were used to replicate microfluidic devices in PMMA based on soft embossing at 220–230°C and thermal sealing at 140°C. Both embossing and sealing stages were performed by using binder clips. The proposed protocol has ensured the replication of microfluidic devices in PMMA with great fidelity (>94%). Examples of MCE devices, droplet generator devices and spot test array were successfully demonstrated. For testing MCE devices, a mixture containing inorganic cations was selected as model and the achieved analytical performance did not reveal significant difference from commercial PMMA devices. Water droplets were successfully generated in an oil phase at rate of ca. 60 droplets/min (fixing the continuous phase flow rate at 100 μL/h) with size of ca. 322 ± 6 μm. Glucose colorimetric assay was performed on spot test devices and good detectability level (5 μmol/L) was achieved. The obtained results for two artificial serum samples revealed good agreement with the certified concentrations. Based on the fabrication simplicity and great analytical performance, the proposed soft‐embossing protocol may emerge as promising approach for manufacturing PMMA devices.