bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in environmental safety (review)
Authors: Dmitrieva I A , Mileshko L P , Sakharova O N , Gordienko L V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The results of studies reflecting the state of environmental safety at the global and regional levels over the last 3 years are reviewed. The mutual influence of environmental and economic problems is noted; since economic security is a vital human interest, it is an integral part of environmental security at all economic levels. It is assumed that great progress in further research can be expected in the use of environmental safety provisions in the field of economics and economic modernization of the general theory of environmental safety.
Biological peculiarities and frequency of erythrocyte antigens occurrence of Trans-Baikal fine-wool breedsheep blood
Authors: Murzina T V , Zorina I G , Lefler T F , Chetvertakova E V , Kirienko N N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The research data of modification in physiological and hematological blood indices of Trans-Baikal fine-wool breed sheep depending on the season is given in the article. In winter period the pulse rate rises, quantity of formed elements of blood and hemoglobin increase, the protein content in blood decreases. In summer pulmonary ventilation and body temperature increase and it is connected with animals’ adaptive reaction to environment circumstances. An intensiveness of organism biological process grows; protective power forms. Among animals of different inbreed types of Trans-Baikal breed that differ in wool and meat efficiency manifestation, quite high resemblances of frequency of erythrocyte antigens occurrence has been identified. Reliable differences in concentration of five blood groups: Ab, Bi, Mb, Da and O (P<0,01) have been found, and there in the rest nine groups - Aa, Bb, Bd, Be, Bg, Ca, Cb, Ma and O reliable differences in the frequency of occurrence haven’t been found. Among sheep of Argun meat and wool type Mb and O antigen carriers were identified reliably more often than among animals of other population, and Aband Da factors carriers were identified less frequently. In sheep population of wool and meat type animals with Bi, Mb and O antigens were met reliably seldom. Ma factor carriers were also defined with less frequency, but the difference was close to reliable. Sheep of wool type were characterized by wider spread of Ma, Da and R blood types (P<0,05; P<0,01) than other types. The sheep of meat and wool type and wool types were the closest in value of genetic distance(d) = 0,01225. The sheep of wool type and meat and wool types had lager genetic distance (0,01695).
Assessment of the dynamics of biodiversity of green spaces of Krasnoyarsk city
Authors: Artemiev O S , Vais A A , Vyazmina E A , Varaksin G S , Nezamov V I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In large Russian cities there is a significant decrease in urban plantations, which negatively affects the environmental situation. In recent years, there has been a growing scientific interest in assessing biodiversity of green spaces. As a result, the analysis of the dynamics of the number of trees and shrubs in urban areas is a very relevant and practical issue. The work is based on research results for 28 years. The object of research was the green space of the city of Krasnoyarsk. An analysis of the assortment of intra-quarter plantations and a survey of the territory of the quarters showed that mainly the decrease in the number of trees and shrubs was caused not by negative environmental factors, but by the point development of the territory. As a result, it can be stated that the dynamics of green plant biodiversity in the urban environment is caused by a number of processes that can be either negative (reducing plant resistance, decreasing area) or positive (increasing the assortment of plants, improving the quality of care for green spaces).
Technological platform of the development of beef cattle breeding in food supply system
Authors: Kurzyukova T A , Udalova T A , Frolova O Y 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
An effective method of increasing the meat productivity of livestock in herds is the industrial crossing of part of cows and heifers with producers of highly productive meat breeds. For the experiment, according to the principle of analogue pairs, 2 groups of newborn gobies were formed taking into account the live weight of the animals. The first group included Hereford bulls, the second group consisted of crossbred bulls (♀ red-motley x ♂ Hereford). We studied the productive qualities of gobies by the dynamics of growth in live weight of gobies. To assess the meat qualities, a control slaughter of experimental gobies was performed. Domestic bulls exceeded (P <0.05) pure-bred calves in live weight. For the growing period (from 6 to 12 months of age), the difference in live weight between the bulls of the first and second groups was 24.3 kg or 7.5 percent (P <0.1). When feeding on natural pastures for 90 days, the difference in live weight between the groups was between the first and second - 29.1 kg (7.3%). As a result of the experiment, the cost of production of 1 kg of beef obtained from cross-breed gobies is 1180.2 rubles lower. The profitability of growing crossbred bulls is 11.2 orders of magnitude higher. In order to increase meat productivity and improve meat quality in commodity cattle breeding, it is advisable to practice rearing and feeding of young animals obtained by crossing red-motley cows with Hereford bulls in order to raise fattening young animals using intensive technology of meat cattle breeding.
Assessment of the state of the urboecosystem by integral indicators of pine and soil cover
Authors: Korotchenko I S , Alekseeva A N , Pervyshina G G , Medvedeva V A , Baykalova T V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Soil contamination due to the accumulation of heavy metals directly affects the biogeochemical composition, development stability (fluctuating asymmetry) of urban vegetation. To assess the condition of urbanized territories, monitoring is required, especially biological. This work shows an assessment of the stability of the development of populations of Scots pine growing in the urban environment, depending on the content of heavy metals in the soil cover, needles. The representativeness of the data obtained is confirmed by appropriate statistical processing. Higher values of integral indicators were found for all the territories examined, especially for the Central Park, which is characterized by maximum traffic load. The values of the fluctuating asymmetry index of pine needles reflect the elemental composition of the soil cover (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Co Cr, Mn).
Problems of urban phytocenoses on the example of the city of Krasnoyarsk
Authors: Aksyanova T Y , Stupakova O M , Repyah M V , Usova E A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article proposes a classification of urban phytocenoses(Vegetation)into natural(Original), artificial and transitional ones. The characteristics of the bedding, species diversity, and living soil cover for each type of plant community are considered. Particular attention is paid to artificial urban phytocenoses, especially to species diversity and structure, as this criterion is one of the main ones in the formation of sustainable and effective gardening. The question is raised of the lack of both ecological and composition approaches in the design of artificial plant communities. Methods for increasing and maintaining the species diversity of artificial phytocenoses are proposed.
Geese of Central Siberia (number, current state)
Authors: Emelyanov V I , Savchenko A P , Savchenko P A , Karpova N V , Davaa A M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The studies were carried out on the territory of Central Siberia in the period 1980-2019. The research purpose is to assess the current state of geese in the region as an important biological resource. Data about geese number are fragmentary, and for some species and groups are absent. This problem is extremely weakly represented in English literature. Material includes previously published data and personal research of the authors. The observations were carried out at 91 points; additional of geese census in places of their stops - at 132 wetlands. The total duration of census on the flyways and in places where geese stopped in the daytime was more than 15 thous. hours, at night - 1422 hours. The total length of routes was more than 60 thous. km, of which land - 35.6 thous. km, with aviation use - 25.5 thous. km. 1035 collectible unites were collected and processed. The number of photo / videos files of geese were 13.1 thous. copies. As a result, the number of the northern geese populations was estimated at 1.72 million of individuals. “Southern” geese, including migratory geese, are small-numbered and make up no more than 1.5% of the total geese number in Central Siberia. In a certain sense, species and subspecies of geese, geographically related to the Altai-Sayan region, today represent the same relics of the Ice Age as reindeer, argali, and other animal species that live in the Sayans.
Fortification of cereal groats with iron and zinc using ultrasound
Authors: Yanova M A , Khizhnyak S V , Khaliullin R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The research is devoted to fortification of cereal groats with iron and zinc using ultrasound. Three factors were studied: ultrasound frequency at levels 35 kHz and 42 kHz; processing time at levels 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes, and temperature at levels 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60ºC. All factors had statistically significant effects on the absorption of iron and zinc ions both for pearl barley and oat groats, and no interaction effects between factors were found. Four multiple regression models with the coefficients of determination in the range of 0.951 to 0.985 were developed to predict the ions Fe2+ and Zn2+ absorption by cereal groats.
Technology of malus sieversii softwood cutting
Authors: Bakhtaulova A S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Sievers Apple tree is listed in the Red book of Kazakhstan and is protected by The International Union for Conservation Nature. The total area of wild forests in the territory of Zhongar – Alatau Natural Park is 8,573 thousand ha (1.05% of the park area). In order to preserve Apple forests, studies on Malus sieversiisoftwood cuttings have been carried out, taking into account their genetic purity. Genetic analysis of Malus sieversii diversity, using DNA markers, showed that only inaccessible and most remote reserves (Kokzhota 1,2, Chernova river) are considered the best crops on the territory of natural Park, that are unaffected by the processes of genetic erosion and do not contain DNA Malus domestica. They served as mother plants for harvesting green cuttings for reproduction by green cuttings technology. On the basis of the obtained data, recommendations for the reproduction of Malus sieversii in the territory of the Zhongar-Alatau natural Park to strengthen the weakened populations of the species are developed. It is recommended to create temporary collections by green cuttings and transplanting into natural habitats.
The current state assessment of pine forests in the central part of the Kola Peninsula
Authors: Evdokimov A S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The problem of restoring disturbed pine forests in the European part of Russia is one of the main directions not only in the forestry sector, but also in the study and development of various segments of environmental management. This paper presents modern data on the vitality structure of the stand of various types of pine forests in the central part of the Kola Peninsula, which are at a different stage after catastrophic violations of natural and anthropogenic origin (cutting, fire).
Biology of causative agents of crayfish mycoses in connection with environmental protection in crayfish producing reservoirs
Authors: Alexandrova E N , Tarasov K L 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In order to prevent outbreaks of fungal infections in reservoirs with crayfish we recommend to (1) performa bioassay on the disease of crayfish with aphanomycosis (crayfish plague); (2) determine the incidence of crayfish with signs of mycosis called burn-spot disease (BSD); (3) check for contamination of coarse grains with agents of mucoriosis; (4) oppose the ingress into the reservoir of waste water from cultivated fields carrying agents of fusariosis; (5) prevent over consolidation of crayfish population. These measures are taking into account the ability of pathogenic oomycetes to quickly infect crayfish with mobile zoospores, long-term viability of chlamydospores (gemmae) of Saprolegniaparasitica and oogoniaof Aphanomyces astaci. These factors support the infection in the reservoir and prevent the recovery of crayfish populations after outbreaks of mycoses.
Introduction as a way to increase biodiversity of urban dendroflora
Authors: Antonov A M , Sungurova N R , Marich S N , Aleksandrova Iu V , Popkova I A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Urban green spaces introduce elements of nature into the city, preserve the connection of man with nature, and expand urban landscapes. Introduction and acclimatization is the basis for the selection and successful introduction of economically valuable plants into the culture. A limited floristic assortment of local dendroflora determines the relevance of the introduction of trees and shrubs in the Arkhangelsk region. Arboretum named after I.M. Stratonovich was created in Arkhangelsk to study the acclimatization and introduction of plants from the southern regions to local conditions in northern Russia. Representatives of various geographical areas are gathered in the arboretum in a limited area. There are about 200 species from 50 genus and 19 families. Resistant plants to the conditions of the northern climate are selected. The range of woody species at the main objects of landscape architecture of Arkhangelsk was studied and analyzed. Conducted research expands the scientific and informational level of knowledge about the possibility of moving to the North economically valuable tree and shrub species. This will positively affect the biodiversity of the north dendroflora.
Successful care transitions for older people: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of interventions that support medication continuity
Authors: Tomlinson Justine , Cheong V-Lin , Fylan Beth , Silcock Jonathan , Smith Heather , Karban Kate , Blenkinsopp Alison 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
medication-related problems occur frequently when older patients are discharged from hospital. Interventions to support medication use have been developed; however, their effectiveness in older populations are unknown. This review evaluates interventions that support successful transitions of care through enhanced medication continuity.

Methods
a database search for randomised controlled trials was conducted. Selection criteria included mean participant age of 65 years and older, intervention delivered during hospital stay or following recent discharge and including activities that support medication continuity. Primary outcome of interest was hospital readmission. Secondary outcomes related to the safe use of medication and quality of life. Outcomes were pooled by random-effects meta-analysis where possible.

Results
twenty-four studies (total participants = 17,664) describing activities delivered at multiple time points were included. Interventions that bridged the transition for up to 90 days were more likely to support successful transitions. The meta-analysis, stratified by intervention component, demonstrated that self-management activities (RR 0.81 [0.74, 0.89]), telephone follow-up (RR 0.84 [0.73, 0.97]) and medication reconciliation (RR 0.88 [0.81, 0.96]) were statistically associated with reduced hospital readmissions.

Conclusion
our results suggest that interventions that best support older patients’ medication continuity are those that bridge transitions; these also have the greatest impact on reducing hospital readmission. Interventions that included self-management, telephone follow-up and medication reconciliation activities were most likely to be effective; however, further research needs to identify how to meaningfully engage with patients and caregivers to best support post-discharge medication continuity. Limitations included high subjectivity of intervention coding, study heterogeneity and resource restrictions.
CRISPR/Cas9 for cancer treatment: technology, clinical applications and challenges
Authors: Cheng Xing , Fan Shaoyi , Wen Chengcai , Du Xianfa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is described as RNA mediated adaptive immune system defense, which is naturally found in bacteria and archaea. CRISPR-Cas9 has shown great promise for cancer treatment in cancer immunotherapy, manipulation of cancer genome and epigenome and elimination or inactivation of carcinogenic viral infections. However, many challenges remain to be addressed to increase its efficacy, including off-target effects, editing efficiency, fitness of edited cells, immune response and delivery methods. Here, we explain CRISPR-Cas classification and its general function mechanism for gene editing. Then, we summarize these preclinical CRISPR-Cas9-based therapeutic strategies against cancer. Moreover, the challenges and improvements of CRISPR-Cas9 clinical applications will be discussed.
Examining Professionals’ Critical Thinking about Children Who Pose a Serious Threat to Others
Authors: Heron Gavin , Lightowler Claire 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Concerns have been raised about the quality of child-care professionals’ critical thinking and analytical skills. This study examines the critical thinking demonstrated by professionals when discussing risk in relation to vulnerable children. Data were collected from thirty consultation meetings, each of which focused on assessing the risks of a child who presented a serious threat of harm to others. Discourse analysis is used to examine the way in which critical thinking about risk is discussed at the consultation meetings. The findings suggest that critical thinking is demonstrated by professionals in ways that differentiate between potential harm and actual harm, and in relation to harm children pose to themselves and to other people. Also, the willingness of professionals to ask relevant questions and challenge each other is an important way of prompting individuals to demonstrate critical thinking. However, professionals tend to demonstrate a relatively narrow conceptualisation of critical thinking. This narrow conceptualisation cannot be reduced solely to the abilities or traits of an individual or professional group and it is argued that the bureaucratic and procedural demands of organisations in relation to vulnerable children may be an important factor in limiting the way professionals demonstrate critical thinking.
“SILVAMP TB LAM” Rapid Urine Tuberculosis Test Predicts Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in South Africa
Authors: Sossen Bianca , Broger Tobias , Kerkhoff Andrew D , Schutz Charlotte , Trollip Andre , Moreau Emmanuel , Schumacher Samuel G , Burton Rosie , Ward Amy , Wilkinson Robert J , Barr David A , Nicol Mark P , Denkinger Claudia M , Meintjes Graeme 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReducing diagnostic delay is key toward decreasing tuberculosis-associated deaths in people living with human immunodeficiency virus. In tuberculosis patients with retrospective urine testing, the point-of-care Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM (FujiLAM) could have rapidly diagnosed tuberculosis in up to 89% who died. In FujiLAM negative patients, the probability of 12-week survival was 86–97%.
Changes in high-resolution manometric diagnosis over time: implications for clinical decision-making
Authors: Triadafilopoulos George , Kamal Afrin , Zikos Thomas , Nguyen Linda , Clarke John O 
Published: January 2020

Summary
Although High resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) is the gold standard to assess esophageal motility, little is known about the stability of the manometric diagnosis over time and its implications for management. To assess the stability and usefulness of repeat HRM in patients presenting with esophageal symptoms over time we performed this retrospective study of patients with esophageal symptoms. Medical records, questionnaires, and HRM tracing were independently reviewed using the Chicago classification. The primary objective was to assess the stability of the manometric diagnosis over time; secondary objective was its change (positive or negative). At least one repeat study was performed in 86 patients (36% women, ages 20–86, with mild to moderate symptoms), while 26 had a third procedure. Mean intervals between studies were 15 ± 1.6 months (for baseline v. first study) and 13 ± 0.8 months (for second to third study). Of the 27 patients initially with a normal study, 11 changed (five had esophago-gastric junction outflow obstruction [EGJOO], two diffuse esophageal spasm [DES], one jackhammer esophagus [JE], and three ineffective esophageal motility [IEM] [41% change]). Of the 24 patients with initial EGJOO, only nine retained it (65.2% change). Of nine patients with initial DES, four changed (44.4% change). Similarly, different diagnosis was seen in 7 of 24 initial IEM patients (22.7% change). Only one patient had achalasia initially and this remained stable. Additional changes were noted on a third HRM. Fluidity in the HRM diagnosis over time questions its validity at any timepoint and raises doubts about the need for intervention.
Liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy-based multimodal endoscopic management of dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus and early esophageal neoplasia: retrospective review and long-term follow-up at an academic tertiary care referral center
Authors: Kaul Vivek , Bittner Krystle , Ullah Asad , Kothari Shivangi 
Published: January 2020

Summary

Background
Endoscopic eradication therapy of dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus (BE) and early esophageal neoplasia has emerged as an effective treatment option. Data for the role of spray cryotherapy (SCT) in this setting is relatively limited.

Objective
To evaluate the safety and long-term outcomes of SCT-based multimodal therapy in the management of dysplastic BE and early esophageal neoplasia.

Design
Single-center, retrospective, cohort study.

Setting
Academic, tertiary care center between August 2008 and February 2019.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted of the prospectively maintained endoscopic cryotherapy database at our center. Fifty-seven patients were identified who underwent SCT treatment for dysplastic BE and esophageal or Gastro-esophageal (GE) junction adenocarcinoma during the study period. Primary outcome was complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM); secondary outcome was complete eradication of dysplasia (CE-D).

Results
A total of 171 SCT procedures were performed in 57 patients. The majority of patients were male (89.5%) with long-segment BE (93%; mean segment length 6.2 cm). Complete follow-up data was available for 56 of these 57 patients. 43.9% (25/57) of patients underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) during the course of treatment (e.g. after initiating SCT). 33.3% of patients (19/57) were RFA failures prior to SCT. Additionally, 68.4% (39/57) of patients underwent endoscopic resection (EMR) prior to SCT as part of our multimodal approach to treatment of BE dysplasia/neoplasia. Four patients (7%) are currently undergoing active ablation and/or EMR treatment. CE-IM was achieved in 75% (39/52) of patients, and CE-D in 98.1% (51/52). Mean duration of overall follow-up was 4.8 years, with mean CE-IM durability of 2.6 years.

Limitations
Single-center only, retrospective study design.

Conclusion
SCT-based multimodal endoscopic therapy can achieve very high CE-IM (75%) and CE-D (&gt;98%) rates in a high-risk population with esophageal dysplasia and/or neoplasia.