bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Study on the Production of Sustainable Mortars Packaged with Recycled AAC Aggregates
Authors: Nicolella Maurizio , Pino Alessio , Scognamillo Claudio , Vitale Federica 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Building sustainability is one of the current global goals due to the variety and the quantity of the resources consumed in all the construction phases. Mortars – for masonry and plasters applications – are one of the most “produced” and high-impact composite building materials, since they are used both in traditional and modern constructions. Moreover, the production processes of binders and aggregates used to package mortars require the consumption of energy and resources and lead to the management of a huge amount of waste. In order to reduce the environmental weight of the mortars, the scientific world has been focusing, over the last years, on the substitution of natural aggregates with lightweight-recycled ones. Several studies have shown that this substitution improves some performances (thermal insulation and vapour permeability) and decreases other ones (compressive and flexural strength) as a result of the mortars density reduction. Moreover, the variability of recycled-aggregates materials (ceramic, plastic, concrete) and of the composition of mortars allows many different possibilities. However, little is known about the effective convenience of the market placement of these products. The aim of this study is to measure the environmental and economic sustainability of mortars made with natural hydraulic lime and a partial substitution of the natural sand with recycled aggregates from the production waste of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete bricks. These mortars were physically and mechanically characterized in a previous research phase and they were classified according to UNI EN 998-1 and 2. In particular, mortars with 25% by weight of AAC at most were suitable for masonry applications. The present study investigates the synergic possibility of packaging pre-mixes with recycled AAC aggregates in establishments where AAC is produced, moving from the unconventional perspective of the manufacturer. At first, LCA analyses are performed on these scenarios, in order to prove the strong decrease in the environmental impact of both production phases – AAC production, where waste is reduced, and mortar packaging, where the use of natural aggregates is limited – then the research moves to the analysis of the economic sustainability of the implementation of this production line. For this purpose, two cases are considered: an AAC manufacturer who does not produce pre-mixes, and an AAC manufacturer who produces pre-mixes, but does not own machineries to recycle Autoclaved Aerated Concrete bricks. Following a cost analysis related to the introduction of the production line of pre-mixes with recycled AAC in the two cases, hypotheses of market prices for this product are formulated in order to assess its economic sustainability, by performing a market analysis, and verifying the compatibility of the payback periods that derive from the related investments.
City Space Recycling: The Example of Brownfield Redevelopment
Authors: Sołtysik Maciej , Mazur-Belzyt Katarzyna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In many parts of the world the manufacturing and mining industries have left a huge mark on the spatial structure of entire regions, as well as individual cities. Urban tissue has been growing for years around the dynamically developing industrial plants and mines during the period of intensive industrialization. As a result of industrial restructuring, abandoned and degraded post-industrial areas created problematic places in the structure of cities. Moreover, many of them are located in the direct neighbourhood of the centers of these cities, in the strict urban fabric. Nowadays, in the era of balancing urban development, creating compact, smart and eco cities, one of the important problems faced by city authorities, architects and urban planners is solving the issue of optimal shaping of city structure, including revitalization of post-industrial areas. The article deals with the subject of transforming brownfield areas into modern urban tissue, related to the surrounding areas, and at the same time referring to its industrial heritage. For this purpose, a number of studies were carried out, including comparative analyzes. Therefore, five examples of projects from Europe related to the transformation of brownfield sites for the purposes of industrial and technology parks were selected. This list includes two examples of Polish parks located in Upper Silesia and three examples of areas located in Germany in the Metropolis of the Ruhr Area. Selected areas were analyzed and evaluated in terms of a number of parameters in order to identify the most important factors positively influencing transformations and problem areas requiring the most attention. Based on the results of the case study, a model concept for post-industrial area development was prepared for the purposes of developing an industrial and technological park and recreational areas, complementing the leisure offer for the surrounding residential areas. The location in former Baildon ironworks in Katowice in Upper Silesia was chosen as the place of the conceptual design. Upper Silesia is known as one of the most urbanized and industrialized regions of Poland, which is still struggling with the negative effects of industrial restructuring. Research results indicate that the areas of former mines and production plants, thanks to their strengths, can be attractively transformed into other functions to become again a showcase of the entire city, providing an incentive to learn about the industrial history of the region. The introduction of a diversified program and giving a new character to areas with huge investor potential, helps to return the city to areas of great social, economic and spatial importance.
Technical Problems Connected with the Adaptation into a Loft of a Post-industrial Building. Case Study
Authors: Nowogońska Beata 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Adaptation of post-industrial facilities for modern residential buildings improves the results and aesthetics of urban spaces with a full respect for the protection of cultural heritage. Adaptation of post-industrial of the historic building requires a series of the preliminary research facility. The article presents the results of the diagnosis of the technical condition preceding the adaptation of the former factory to lofts in Zielona Góra. The building at Fabryczna 14 in Zielona Góra was built in 1913 and for over 60 years, it was a weaving mill in a textile factory complex. In the 70s of the 20th century, the building was adapted to the office of the “POLON” Nuclear Apparatus, in the first years of the twenty-first century, the building served as a commercial facility and storage. The building is 4-storey, made of solid brick, covered with a desktop roof, with a 5-storey corner tower from the south. The building’s facades are made of non-plastered bricks, have numerous profiling - pilaster strips, cornices, bands, panels. From the north, in the 70s of the 20th century, a part containing the reinforced concrete staircase was added. The interior of the building is three-tract, the supporting structure is made of longitudinal brick external walls and parallel steel beams based on cast iron pillars. The main assumptions of the adaptation to lofts primarily assumed changes in the interior of the building. Flats with an area of 60 to 150 square meters were designed, for this purpose, additional transverse walls were made. The brick façade remained, the attachment for the staircase and elevator was changed. At this point, the architect used modern trends related to modern technologies and finishing materials. The projection housing the new elevator and staircase was made of a steel structure with a reflex glass cladding. Modern solutions have been integrated into the brick architecture of the historic building. The political and social changes of the 1990s meant that many industrial facilities, often with a rich history, were out of use. A prolonged break in the use of buildings often causes irreversible degradation of their construction. This is mainly due to the neglect of basic maintenance principles.
Analysis of Public Space Dynamics Based on Instagram and Flickr Data
Authors: Pogačar Kaja , Žižek Andrej 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The general increase in the use of social media platforms since 2010 is related to the growing amount of data collected on the Internet, which may represent an opportunity for urban research. By analysing publicly available geolocated data from social media platforms, it is possible to track changes in the attractiveness and spatiotemporal dynamics of public spaces through their different stages of development. In this paper, we analyse data obtained from the Instagram and Flickr - for both platforms, user-sharing photographs is their main feature. Photos taken during daily interactions in public space have a symbolic value. In addition, social media posts contain valuable metadata that can be used for analysis and information discovery. In research, social media posts are used to measure and identify the attractiveness and dynamics of a selected public space. Data was collected by using the REST API technology. Two case studies are presented that retrospectively analyse the attractiveness and dynamics of selected public spaces from Graz (Austria) and Maribor (Slovenia). The research results show that the data from the Flickr platform, which provides access to the exact geolocation of the posted photos, can show the attractiveness of the locations, as the popular sights in both cities were clearly identified on the generated heatmaps. The maps showed locations that were perceived as important and attractive by residents or visitors in order to document them, which indicates certain motivation or even quality that confirms the expected correlation. With the methodology presented, the data collected on the Instagram social media platform can, to a certain extent, reflect the activities carried out in the physical public space, even if it cannot provide a complete picture. The research results are considered a valuable proxy for determining the general level of social interaction in public space. The methodology presented demonstrates the innovative approach to retrospective analysis of dynamics and changing attractiveness from social media perspective in public space. In the future, however, more social media data will be available, which will allow a more specific analysis and - in combination with other data sources - a more effective detection of deficiencies in public space, but also better urban planning and management. Finally, there is an enormous potential for retrospective research using the comparative method, but also for linking new ICT driven approaches with traditional methods.
A Study on the Effects of Underlying Surface on the Microclimate of Campus in Wintertime
Authors: Hao Shangkai , Liu Yu , Yang Xiaojing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The winter temperature of campus in north China is generally low, and different underlying surfaces have different characteristics in different environments in winter. In this paper, three different underlying surfaces on campus: hard pavement, vegetation and water surface, were selected for a quantitative study. From December 21 to 25, 2019, the temperature and relative humidity of 6 measuring points in Chang’an campus of Northwest Polytechnic University were measured every 0.5h per day. The results show that the temperatures of hard pavement surface were generally higher than that of grassland and water body in the wintertime. Detailed process and results of the research are introduced in this paper, and some suggestions for the future campus planning in consideration of winter environmental factors are provided accordingly.
Building Roofs in Sudan
Authors: Mukhtar Younis Abdalla 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Buildings forms in the hot dry region of the tropics had evolved gradually by process of trial and error, using techniques and available materials. The traditional building construction in the hot dry tropic is of massive loadbearing walls and thick roofs. These two elements have a considerable heat storage capacity. The heavy structure absorbs heat during the day and released it gradually during the day whenever external or internal temperatures are lower. They also modify the temperature fluctuation and keep the interior comparatively cooler. The performance is satisfactory up to certain extent.
Information Support for Industrial Area Redevelopment Projects
Authors: Topchiy Dmitriy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Urban development is not only driven by higher residential density, taller buildings in business quarters, and intensive infrastructure development, but also by individual urban areas being repurposed. Industrial areas account for the highest potential in terms of area development within a city. Historically, such manufacturing conglomerates formed on the outskirts of cities, but the development of any urban community is tied to its area expanding. Thus manufacturing facilities once located on the outskirts have come to be in the central parts of large cities where they create an excessive burden on the environment; and make products at inevitably higher costs due to additional expenditure because of the high cadastral value of land and buildings within a city, high wages that have to be paid to specialists living in large cities, and other factors. Decisions on the renovation of industrial areas are made by municipal authorities and the main goal of an investor at the initial stage of entering a project is to form the structure of information support for a project making it possible to design, manage, and launch a redevelopment project.
Heritage Values and Rehabilitation: Architectural Intervention in the Archaeological Museum of Seville (Spain)
Authors: Pérez Clara Mosquera , Adell Eduardo Mosquera , De Pablos Javier Navarro , Pérez Cano M Teresa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The present investigation examines the role of museum buildings in their consideration as heritage institutions. A particular interest in rehabilitation processes and conversion of international exhibition pavilions into museums will be assessed. The Archaeological Museum of Seville will be taken as a case study. The Ibero-American Exhibition of Seville (1929) was a paramount event in the city, with a vast development of the southern area of the city as well as a display of flourishing regionalist architecture. Its powerful image has transcended from this temporary event, embracing relevant institutions over decades, such as the Archeological Museum. Plus, historical preservation has enhanced its heritage value. Within the grounds of the historic María Luisa Park, the museum has undergone a remarkable evolution as an institution that requires a new relationship with its building, together with an adequation to new museological perspectives. During the lifetime of the museum, the former exhibition pavilion has experienced a succession of rehabilitation processes in the 20th century, always searching for a continuity with the concept of the original building. However, the evolution of the institution faces new challenges for the 21st century: display of the collection, technological issues, public and community services, network affiliation, etc. A series of cultural heritage protection measures that affect the property and its collections, its immediate environment, and the urban environment in which it is located, condition the building and its urban context. Nowadays, a new architectural intervention is in process, with the main goal of putting together all these requirements. The project also deals with the production of a new architecture of representation, respecting and rehabilitating the original regionalist building but also creating a contemporary image for the institution. The relevance of the museum, together with its urban role, make the Archeological Museum of Seville an important agent of cultural requalification. In conclusion, this paper will show how urban culture has been renewed, experiencing a decisive transformation of public spaces and cultural facilities, for leisure, education, or tourism. A new reconsideration of the Cultural Property in question is an experience that can be extrapolated to other museum experiences that emerged in the 20th century and that are currently undergoing a comprehensive reexamination.
Effect of Shear Reinforcement on Punching Shear Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Flat Plates
Authors: Mohamed Osama , Khattab Rania 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Punching or two-way shear is a critical failure mode that must be accounted for in reinforced concrete (RC) slabs that are not supported by beams, known as flat plates. The often gravity-driven failure occurs around supporting columns may also be influenced by lateral forces. This paper presents the findings of a numerical study that evaluated the effect on punching shear strength of shear reinforcement bar diameter, and stirrups distribution length (L), measured from the face of the supporting column. The study was conducted on seven 3D nonlinear finite element models representing RC flat plates subjected to concentric vertical loads. Each of the seven models simulates the punching shear behaviour of interior slab-column connections with different shear reinforcement bar diameters and/or reinforcement distance from the face of the supporting column. Numerical investigation showed that increasing the stirrup diameter causes a significant increase in the ultimate two-way shear capacity. On the other hand, increasing the stirrups distribution length provides a moderate increase in the ultimate punching shear capacity. Furthermore, punching shear assessment using 3D finite element analyses were in good agreement with the mathematical models of the ACI-318-2019 building code.
Pioneer Development of Facility Construction Territory
Authors: Oleynik Pavel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Peculiarities of pioneer development of facility construction territory in hard-to-reach and underdeveloped areas are considered. It is given the specificity and variety of work for the implementation of which it is advisable to organize a complex flow. The procedure of technological calculations and the construction of the corresponding cyclogram and schedule of pioneer development of the territory, which should be part of the facility construction schedule of the construction management plan, is disclosed. Such a schedule is the basis not only for determining the need for employees, construction equipment, materials, and structures, but also for creating schedules for employees’ work and rest periods and their turnover during the pioneer development of the territory. The main goal of this work is to improve in-line construction methods using advanced organizational and technological solutions for pioneering the development of the territory for the future construction of buildings and structures. This approach allows, as a result of the application and implementation of the described principles, to form the optimal organizational and technological scheme for carrying out strip-mounting works taking into account the specifics of pioneer development and the preparatory period as a whole. In addition, the principles being implemented significantly affect the duration of work and minimize downtime of construction flows. As a result of the study, the author provides a generalized system of principles for rationalizing organizational and technological solutions for the pioneer development of construction territories., Which in the future can be used as the basis of an automated apparatus for optimizing the model of building an object in pioneer territories through the use of cyclograms and advanced mathematical methods.
Damping Problem of Numerical Simulation of Structural Reverberation Time
Authors: Nering Krzysztof 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Finite element simulations of sound insulation are very problematic due to problem of damping. Omitting damping issues in dynamic analysis, which in conclusions leads to acoustic performance of system may reflect in non-reliable results. In this paper study using different values of Rayleigh damping coefficients are used for Explicit analysis to calculate structural reverberation time. To investigate behaviour of structure under different damping the structural reverberation time and the total loss factor is calculated. The modelled slab was 14 [cm] thick and geometry of considered plate is 4.19 x 3.61 [m]. Load on the structure was applied in 3 different points with unit pressure on small area (5x5 [cm]) using amplitude of load as Dirac delta approximation. Results of performed simulations of the slab subjected to impact load were compared with laboratory result of structural reverberation time measurements obtained with accelerometers. As a result of this analysis it can be stated that damping is crucial issue to reflect acoustical behaviour of considered structure. Results shown that β-coefficient of Rayleigh damping affects more structural response than α-coefficient especially in medium and high frequency. Comparing simulation results with laboratory measurements and formulas to calculate α- and β-coefficient of Rayleigh damping it can be concluded that formulas used in structural dynamics for estimating damping coefficients in simulation of whole building are not valid for simulation of individual building elements. These formulas can be used only for initial estimation of damping coefficients. In considered situation gave effect of over dampening tested slab. Based on this conclusion additional simulations were performed to conclude that β-coefficient is overestimated by order of magnitude.
Safe and Secure Cities for Pedestrians and Senior Citizens
Authors: Schmeidler Karel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of our project TL02000559, sponsored by Technological Agency of the Czech Republic, Prague, is to develop a new attitude to the mobility of our senior citizens in urban settings, more age sensitive and based on possibilities they have in relation to the urban green mobility. The source of the knowledge is the public participation in the form of questioning the elderly citizens to understand the real problems they face. The procedure is based on a redefinition of urban space and following revitalisation and remodelation of public spaces like streets, squares, parks and embankments. This includes reduction of unnecessary car traffic and environmental pollution and traffic accidents, where the elderly are the most endangered group. Nevertheless, it does not mean any reduction in the mobility of the elderly. Mobility of the elderly is a necessity for their quality of life and should be supported by the improvement of transport systems. This enables their inclusion in society. Green transport like walking, cycling, and public modes of transport like busses and tramways should be modernised and developed.
Determining the amount of past investment property using the synthesis of cost evaluation methods
Authors: Vrbka Jaromír , Krulický Tomáš , Brabenec Tomáš 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
During its existence, each property requires specific construction operations to extend its useful life. Such construction operations and related investment are usually carried out gradually in dependence on the durability of the building materials used. To determine the overall amount of investment, a synthesis of selected valuation methods is used in this contribution. The aim of the synthesis is to achieve the most accurate result of the investment made. In selected methods used, the value of the investment made is correlated using coefficient to the price level of the investment year. The resulting investment value determined by means of the cost pricing synthesis methodology provides more accurate results than the application of a specific valuation method for the entire set of items priced.