bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation on buckling‐restrained braces using mortar‐filled steel tubes with steel lining channels
Authors: Gao Yuan , Yuan Yue , Wang Chun‐Lin , Zeng Bin , Guo Lihang 
Published: December 2019

SummaryA new type of buckling‐restrained braces (BRBs) using mortar‐filled steel tubes with steel lining channels is proposed to reduce the frictional force between the core member and the restraining member. After covering the core plate with the unbonding material, steel lining channels are set on the surface along the longitudinal direction, thus transforming the contact property between the core plate and the restraining member from steel–mortar interface to steel–steel interface. First, comparative cyclic tests are conducted on two new BRBs with steel lining channels and one conventional BRB. All the specimens exhibit stable hysteretic performance without visible global or local instability prior to failure. It is confirmed that the steel lining channels can improve the interface evenness between the core plate and the restraining member, reduce the compression strength adjustment factor, and improve the low‐cycle fatigue behavior and energy dissipation capacity of the BRB. Furthermore, the analytical model for the local stability of the restraining tube is proposed when the core plate buckles about the strong axis, and the corresponding practical design criteria are provided. The influence of various core plate layouts on the local stability of the restraining tube is finally investigated.
The management impact of 68gallium-tris(hydroxypyridinone) prostate-specific membrane antigen (68Ga-THP-PSMA) PET-CT imaging for high-risk and biochemically recurrent prostate cancer
Authors: Kulkarni Meghana , Hughes Simon , Mallia Andrew , Gibson Victoria , Young Jennifer , Aggarwal Ajay , Morris Stephen , Challacombe Ben , Popert Rick , Brown Christian , Cathcart Paul , Dasgupta Prokar , Warbey Victoria S. , Cook Gary J. R. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the impact on clinical management of patients with high-risk (HR) prostate cancer at diagnosis and patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) using a new kit form of 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), namely tris(hydroxypyridinone) (THP)-PSMA, with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT).

Methods
One hundred eighteen consecutive patients (50 HR, 68 BCR) had management plans documented at a multidisciplinary meeting before 68Ga-THP-PSMA PET-CT. Patients underwent PET-CT scans 60-min post-injection of 68Ga-THP-PSMA (mean 159 ± 21.2 MBq). Post-scan management plans, Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PSA doubling time (PSAdt) were recorded.

Results
HR group: 12/50 (24%) patients had management changed (9 inter-modality, 3 intra-modality). Patients with PSA < 20 μg/L had more frequent management changes (9/26, 34.6%) compared with PSA > 20 μg/L (3/24, 12.5%). Gleason scores > 8 were associated with detection of more nodal (4/16, 25% vs 5/31, 16.1%) and bone (2/16, 12.5% vs 2/31, 6.5%) metastases. BCR group: Clinical management changed in 23/68 (34%) patients (17 inter-modality, 6 intra-modality). Forty out of 68 (59%) scans were positive. Positivity rate increased with PSA level (PSA < 0.5 μg/L, 0%; PSA 0.5–1.0 μg/L, 35%; PSA 1.0–5.0 μg/L, 69%; PSA 5.0–10.0 μg/L, 91%), PSAdt of < 6 months (56% vs 45.7%) and Gleason score > 8 (78.9% vs 51.2%).

Conclusions
68Ga-THP-PSMA PET-CT influences clinical management in significant numbers of patient with HR prostate cancer pre-radical treatment and is associated with PSA. Management change also occurs in patients with BCR and is associated with PSA and Gleason score, despite lower scan positivity rates at low PSA levels < 0.5 μg/L.
Reversing One‐Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Surgery due to Severe and Refractory Hypoalbuminemia
Authors: Keleidari Behrouz , Mahmoudieh Mohsen , Shahabi Shahab , Sheikhbahaei Erfan , Rezaei Mohammadtaghi , Sayadi Masoud , Melali Hamid 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic one‐anastomosis gastric bypass (LOAGB) has to be reverse under some circumstances. This study is aimed to introduce and review a series of LOAGB cases that had to be reversed to normal anatomy due to severe hypoalbuminemia and its related symptoms after a few months.MethodsPatients who had LOAGB from 2014 to 2018 and then reversed after some months were included in this study. Their first and second surgical data were collected and reviewed for important and relevant information.ResultsFrom 846 cases of LOAGB, 12 patients reversed after a mean of 12.1 months. All of them were women with mean age of 46 years. All of the gastrojejunostomy anastomosis had been made 200 cm after the Treitz ligament, and all of the patients had at least 250 cm common channel. The mean excess body mass index loss before the reversal surgery was 107.7%. None patients lost or died during the study.ConclusionRegarding anastomosis, 200 cm from Treitz ligament is not suitable for all of the patients and common channel more than 250 cm cannot prevent hypoalbuminemia. The surgeon should decide as quickly as possible whether his/her patients need reversal surgery or not. Appropriate patients should be selected for LOAGB.
Somatostatin receptors (SSTR1-5) on inhibitory interneurons in the barrel cortex
Authors: Lukomska Agnieszka , Dobrzanski Grzegorz , Liguz-Lecznar Monika , Kossut Malgorzata 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInhibitory interneurons in the cerebral cortex contain specific proteins or peptides characteristic for a certain interneuron subtype. In mice, three biochemical markers constitute non-overlapping interneuron populations, which account for 80–90% of all inhibitory cells. These interneurons express parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). SST is not only a marker of a specific interneuron subtype, but also an important neuropeptide that participates in numerous biochemical and signalling pathways in the brain via somatostatin receptors (SSTR1-5). In the nervous system, SST acts as a neuromodulator and neurotransmitter affecting, among others, memory, learning, and mood. In the sensory cortex, the co-localisation of GABA and SST is found in approximately 30% of interneurons. Considering the importance of interactions between inhibitory interneurons in cortical plasticity and the possible GABA and SST co-release, it seems important to investigate the localisation of different SSTRs on cortical interneurons. Here, we examined the distribution of SSTR1-5 on barrel cortex interneurons containing PV, SST, or VIP. Immunofluorescent staining using specific antibodies was performed on brain sections from transgenic mice that expressed red fluorescence in one specific interneuron subtype (PV-Ai14, SST-Ai14, and VIP-Ai14 mice). SSTRs expression on PV, SST, and VIP interneurons varied among the cortical layers and we found two patterns of SSTRs distribution in L4 of barrel cortex. We also demonstrated that, in contrast to other interneurons, PV cells did not express SSTR2, but expressed other SSTRs. SST interneurons, which were not found to make chemical synapses among themselves, expressed all five SSTR subtypes.
Relaxation therapy as a treatment for tics in patients with Tourette syndrome: a systematic literature review
Authors: Tilling Florence , Cavanna Andrea E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by the presence of multiple motor and phonic tics, often associated with co-morbid behavioural problems. Tics can be modulated by environmental factors and are characteristically exacerbated by psychological stress, among other factors. This observation has led to the development of specific behavioural treatment strategies, including relaxation therapy.

Objective
This review aimed to assess the efficacy of relaxation therapy to control or reduce tic symptoms in patients with TS.

Methods
We conducted a systematic literature review of original studies on the major scientific databases, including Medline, EMBASE, and PsycInfo, according to the standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Outcomes measures included both tic severity and tic frequency.

Results
Our literature search identified three controlled trials, with a total number of 40 participants (range: 6–18 participants). In all three studies, relaxation therapy decreased the severity and/or the frequency of tic symptoms. However, the only trial comparing relaxation therapy to two other behavioural techniques found relaxation therapy to be the least effective intervention, as it reduced the number of tics by 32% compared to 44% with self-monitoring and 55% with habit reversal.

Discussion
The results of this systematic literature review provide initial evidence for the use of relaxation therapy as a behavioural treatment intervention for tics in patients with TS. Caution is needed in the interpretation of these findings, because the reviewed trials had small sample sizes and there was high heterogeneity across the study protocols.
Clinical evaluation of fully automated thigh muscle and adipose tissue segmentation using a U-Net deep learning architecture in context of osteoarthritic knee pain
Authors: Kemnitz Jana , Baumgartner Christian F. , Eckstein Felix , Chaudhari Akshay , Ruhdorfer Anja , Wirth Wolfgang , Eder Sebastian K. , Konukoglu Ender 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective
Segmentation of thigh muscle and adipose tissue is important for the understanding of musculoskeletal diseases such as osteoarthritis. Therefore, the purpose of this work is (a) to evaluate whether a fully automated approach provides accurate segmentation of muscles and adipose tissue cross-sectional areas (CSA) compared with manual segmentation and (b) to evaluate the validity of this method based on a previous clinical study.

Materials and methods
The segmentation method is based on U-Net architecture trained on 250 manually segmented thighs from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI). The clinical evaluation is performed on a hold-out test set bilateral thighs of 48 subjects with unilateral knee pain.

Results
The segmentation time of the method is < 1 s and demonstrated high agreement with the manual method (dice similarity coeffcient: 0.96 ± 0.01). In the clinical study, the automated method shows that similar to manual segmentation (− 5.7 ± 7.9%, p < 0.001, effect size: 0.69), painful knees display significantly lower quadriceps CSAs than contralateral painless knees (− 5.6 ± 7.6%, p < 0.001, effect size: 0.73).

Discussion
Automated segmentation of thigh muscle and adipose tissues has high agreement with manual segmentations and can replicate the effect size seen in a clinical study on osteoarthritic pain.
Followers’ HEXACO personality traits and preference for charismatic, relationship-oriented, and task-oriented leadership
Authors: Breevaart Kimberley , de Vries Reinout E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to examine the HEXACO personality traits in relation to followers’ preference for charismatic, relationship-oriented, and task-oriented leadership. Based on the similarity perspective, we expected followers high on Honesty-Humility, Extraversion, and Openness to Experience to prefer a charismatic leader, and those followers high on conscientiousness and low on Openness to Experience to prefer a task-oriented leader. In addition, from a need fulfillment perspective, we expected followers high on Emotionality to prefer a task- and a relationship-oriented leader. We examined these expectations using paper vignette methodology in a sample of 272 undergraduates. The results showed that most participants preferred a relationship-oriented leader over a charismatic or task-oriented leader. In addition, we found support for all our hypotheses, with the exception of the relations between Honesty-Humility and preference for charismatic leadership, and Conscientiousness and preference for task-oriented leadership. Our findings contribute to the nomological network of the role of follower characteristics in the leader-follower relationship. Implications and suggestions for research on charismatic leadership are provided.
Definiteness projection
Authors: Mandelkern Matthew , Rothschild Daniel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe argue that definite noun phrases give rise to uniqueness inferences characterized by a pattern we calldefiniteness projection. Definiteness projection says that the uniqueness inference of a definite projects out unless there is an indefinite antecedent in a position that filters presuppositions. We argue that definiteness projection poses a serious puzzle for e-type theories of (in)definites; on such theories, indefinites should filter existence presuppositions but not uniqueness presuppositions. We argue that definiteness projection also poses challenges for dynamic approaches, which have trouble generating uniqueness inferences and predicting some filtering behavior, though unlike the challenge for e-type theories, these challenges have mostly been noted in the literature, albeit in a piecemeal way. Our central aim, however, is not to argue for or against a particular view, but rather to formulate and motivate a generalization about definiteness which any adequate theory must account for.
Scalable Person Re-Identification by Harmonious Attention
Authors: Li Wei , Zhu Xiatian , Gong Shaogang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractExisting person re-identification (re-id) deep learning methods rely heavily on the utilisation of large and computationally expensive convolutional neural networks. They are thereforenot scalableto large scale re-id deployment scenarios with the need of processing a large amount of surveillance video data, due to the lengthy inference process with high computing costs. In this work, we address this limitation via jointly learning re-id attention selection. Specifically, we formulate a novelharmonious attention network(HAN) framework to jointly learn soft pixel attention and hard region attention alongside simultaneous deep feature representation learning, particularly enabling more discriminative re-id matching byefficientnetworks with more scalable model inference and feature matching. Extensive evaluations validate the cost-effectiveness superiority of the proposed HAN approach for person re-id against a wide variety of state-of-the-art methods on four large benchmark datasets: CUHK03, Market-1501, DukeMTMC, and MSMT17.
Legacy Effects of Eutrophication on Modern Methane Dynamics in a Boreal Estuary
Authors: Myllykangas Jukka-Pekka , Hietanen Susanna , Jilbert Tom 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEstuaries are important conduits between terrestrial and marine aquatic systems and function as hot spots in the aquatic methane cycle. Eutrophication and climate change may accelerate methane emissions from estuaries, causing positive feedbacks with global warming. Boreal regions will warm rapidly in the coming decades, increasing the need to understand methane cycling in these systems. In this 3-year study, we investigated seasonal and spatial variability of methane dynamics in a eutrophied boreal estuary, both in the water column and underlying sediments. The estuary and the connected archipelago were consistently a source of methane to the atmosphere, although the origin of emitted methane varied with distance offshore. In the estuary, the river was the primary source of atmospheric methane. In contrast, in the adjacent archipelago, sedimentary methanogenesis fueled by eutrophication over previous decades was the main source. Methane emissions to the atmosphere from the study area were highly variable and dependent on local hydrodynamics and environmental conditions. Despite evidence of highly active methanogenesis in the studied sediments, the vast majority of the upwards diffusive flux of methane was removed before it could escape to the atmosphere, indicating that oxidative filters are presently still functioning regardless of previous eutrophication and ongoing climate change.
Various significant connections of the male pelvic floor muscles with special reference to the anal and urethral sphincter muscles
Authors: Suriyut Janyaruk , Muro Satoru , Baramee Phichaya , Harada Masayo , Akita Keiichi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe male pelvic floor is a complex structure formed by several muscles. The levator ani muscle and the perineal muscles are important components of the pelvic floor. The perineal muscles comprise the external anal sphincter, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal muscles, and ischiocavernosus. Although the connections of the muscles of the pelvic floor have been reported recently, the anatomical details of each muscle remain unclear. In this study, we examined the male pelvic floor to clarify the connection between the muscles related to function. Fifteen male pelvises were used for microscopic dissection, and three male pelvises were used for histological examination. On the lateral aspect, the perineal muscles were connected to each other. Bundles of the levator ani muscle extended to connect to the perineal muscles. In addition, the extended muscle bundle from the levator ani muscle and the perineal muscles surround the external urethral sphincter. On the medial aspect, the levator ani muscle and the external anal sphincter form the anterior and posterior muscular slings of the anal canal. The connection between the perineal muscles and levator ani muscle indicates a possible close relationship between the functions of the urethra and anus.
Biomass and nutritive value of Spirulina (Arthrospira fusiformis) cultivated in a cost-effective medium
Authors: Michael Angelina , Kyewalyanga Margareth Serapio , Lugomela Charles Venance 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionCultivation of spirulina at commercial-scales relies on analytical grade–based media, which are expensive and so are the product.PurposeThis study assessed the biomass, proximate composition, and other useful compounds in Spirulina (Arthrospira fusiformis) produced with a cost-effective culture medium (LCMA), and the results were compared with those from a standard Zarrouk medium–grown spirulina.MethodsThe LCMA medium was formulated by using a commercial NPK10-20-20 fertilizer as a source of the three major nutrients for spirulina growth, and other three ingredients from Zarrouk medium. The experiment was conducted for 28 days in the glass aquaria under indoor conditions. Standard analytical methods were applied for the determination of proximate composition, chlorophyll, minerals, and vitamins in the spirulina biomass.ResultThe LCMA medium showed the best growth conditions by accumulating higher chlorophyll content (0.99 ± 0.02%) and dry weight (0.75 ± 0.01 g/100 ml) as well as attaining higher optical density (2.06 at day 15) earlier than the Zarrouk medium. The results of the proximate analysis for spirulina cultured in the LCMA medium were of good quality, with the protein contributing more than 50% of its dry matter. It was further noticed that the LCMA was an ideal medium for optimization of vitamins and some minerals since it recorded a significant amount of most of the analyzed vitamins together with the minerals sodium and potassium compared with the Zarrouk medium.ConclusionIt is suggested that LCMA medium could be used as the alternative and cheap medium for maximization of biomass and production of useful biochemical compounds in spirulina species.
Evolution of communities of software: using tensor decompositions to compare software ecosystems
Authors: Blanthorn Oliver A. , Caine Colin M. , Navarro-López Eva M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractModern software development is often a collaborative effort involving many authors through the re-use and sharing of code through software libraries. Modern software “ecosystems” are complex socio-technical systems which can be represented as a multilayer dynamic network. Many of these libraries and software packages are open-source and developed in the open on sites such as , so there is a large amount of data available about these networks. Studying these networks could be of interest to anyone choosing or designing a programming language. In this work, we use tensor factorisation to explore the dynamics of communities of software, and then compare these dynamics between languages on a dataset of approximately 1 million software projects. We hope to be able to inform the debate on software dependencies that has been recently re-ignited by the malicious takeover of the npm package and other incidents through giving a clearer picture of the structure of software dependency networks, and by exploring how the choices of language designers—for example, in the size of standard libraries, or the standards to which packages are held before admission to a language ecosystem is granted—may have shaped their language ecosystems. We establish that adjusted mutual information is a valid metric by which to assess the number of communities in a tensor decomposition and find that there are striking differences between the communities found across different software ecosystems and that communities do experience large and interpretable changes in activity over time. The differences between the elm and R software ecosystems, which see some communities decline over time, and the more conventional software ecosystems of Python, Java and JavaScript, which do not see many declining communities, are particularly marked.
Learning embeddings for multiplex networks using triplet loss
Authors: Hajiseyedjavadi Seyedsaeed , Lin Yu-Ru , Pelechrinis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLearning low-dimensional representations of graphs has facilitated the use of traditional machine learning techniques to solving classic network analysis tasks such as link prediction, node classification, community detection, etc. However, to date, the vast majority of these learning tasks are focused on traditional single-layer/unimodal networks and largely ignore the case of multiplex networks. A multiplex network is a suitable structure to model multi-dimensional real-world complex systems. It consists of multiple layers where each layer represents a different relationship among the network nodes. In this work, we propose MUNEM, a novel approach for learning a low-dimensional representation of a multiplex network using a triplet loss objective function. In our approach, we preserve the global structure of each layer, while at the same time fusing knowledge among different layers during the learning process. We evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed method by testing and comparing on real-world multiplex networks from different domains, such as collaboration network, protein-protein interaction network, online social network. Finally, in order to deliberately examine the effect of our model’s parameters we conduct extensive experiments on synthetic multiplex networks.