bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New opportunities for secondary drug therapy of acromegaly
Authors: Pronin V. S. , Pronin E. V. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Acromegaly is a severe multi-organ disease that negatively affects the quality and life expectancy of patients. The continuing complexity of acromegaly curation is due to the multiplicity of pathomorphological variants growth hormone-secreting adenomas and the lack of differentiated approach in choosing a therapeutic strategy. The high percentage of non-radical adenomectomy, due to the large size and invasive growth of somatotropin, involves the operative connection of adequate secondary drug therapy.Purpose. The aim of the study is to compare the effectiveness of different classes of drugs, as well as algorithms of their combined use in the treatment of acromegaly.Methods of treatment. The review uses information on factors affecting the results of clinical use of modern pharmacological preparations (somatostatin analogues, dopamine agonists, growth hormone receptor antagonists) used in secondary drug therapy of acromegaly. The indications for the administration of a drug are discussed taking into account the features of the pathomorphological structure of the tumor tissue, as well as the tactics of the therapeutic allowance in absolute or relative resistance to somatostatin analogues of the 1st generation (octreotide and lanreotide) and dopamine agonists (cabergoline). Data on efficiency of the new drug – pegvisomant providing stable control of acromegaly irrespective of secretory activity and receptor phenotype of tumor tissue are summed up.Results. Interim reports of the ACROSTUDY observational project and other clinical studies regarding the therapeutic efficacy and safety of pegvisomant are presented. A relatively low risk of continued growth of tumor tissue and other adverse reactions against the background of treatment with this drug is shown. Prognostic factors of insufficient efficiency of pegvisomant include young age, increased BMI, high initial level of ИРФ-1, presence of diabetes mellitus. There is an advantage of combined use of pegvisomant and somatostatin analogues to maintain acromegaly control and prevent tumor growth. The topic of primary therapy of pegvisomant is touched upon. Based on the results of real clinical practice, modern international recommendations are presented, which indicate the place of pegvisomant in the algorithm of secondary drug therapy.Conclusions. Due to the introduction into clinical practice of various therapeutic agents, which allow, regardless of the activity of the disease, the specificity of the pathomorphological structure of tumor tissue and somatic status, to achieve stable maintenance of biochemical remission, patients have real opportunities for improving the quality and life expectancy.
Daytime sleepiness, depression and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of different sexes as a drug target
Authors: Sorokina Yu. A. , Zanozin A. V. , Zanozina O. V. , Smirnova T. A. , Novozhilova O. A. , Lovcova L. V. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Patients with type 2 diabetes are more likely to have concomitant depression. In addition, there are some studies that have alluded to a direct relationship between overweight and diabetes and daytime drowsiness.The aim of this study was to study the relationship of metabolic disorders, anthropometric data with daytime sleepiness and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes.Material and methods. A general clinical study consisted in interviewing the patient (complaints, medical history), obtaining physical data (anthropometry) – height (cm), weight (kg), neck circumference (cm), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference (cm). The object of the study was the whole blood and blood plasma of patients in order to determine the level of fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and other blood biochemical parameters. To verify violations in the emotional-volitional sphere, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used.Results. All patients had visceral obesity, the waist circumference is significantly higher than normal, both in men and women. In accordance with the Epworth drowsiness scale, on average, borderline insomnia was recorded in the examined patients with type 2 diabetes. Drowsiness rate correlated with waist circumference (r = 0,65) and hips (0,67), age (0.34) only in male patients. The level of depression correlated with age in female patients (r = 0.37, p < 0,05) and male (r = 0,6, p < 0,05) and did not correlate with drowsiness in both groups. The level of depression was 16, which corresponds to mild to moderate depression. However, the rate of depression is negligible, but higher among female patients (14.00 [6.00; 18.00] versus 19.00 [10.50; 20.00], p = 0,047).Conclusions. Increased daytime sleepiness and depression accompany patients with type 2 diabetes, regardless of gender. The dependence between the severity of decreased daily activity and increased anthropometric indicators and age can be seen in male patients, which may illustrative of increasing androgen deficiency in men and its contribution to the development of metabolic disorders, including obesity. Depressive states have deeper manifestations in female patients with type 2 diabetes compared to male patients, which may indicate both emotional instability of female patients and a more pronouncedeffect of the disease itself on the psychoemotional background in women.
Substantiation of strategic therapy of gonartrosis by chondroitin-containing drugs in diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Krasivina I. G. , Dolgova L. N. , Dolgov N. V. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Currently, there is a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and osteoarthritis (OA). DM2 worsens the prognosis of the results of arthroplasty for OA, and also becomes an additional insecurity factor in the administration of traditionally often used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and in local injections of glucocorticosteroids. It is considered safer to prescribe chondroitin sulfate.Objective. Identification of clinical, radiological and arthrosonographic features of the manifestations of gonarthrosis with concomitant DM2 and related differences in the strategic conservative therapy.Methods. The study included 386 women with OA of knee joints (mean age 61,3 + 7,8 years). Patients were divided into groups of euglycemic status (group “OA”, n = 224) and comorbid according to DM2 (group “OA + DM2”, n = 162). The amplitude of an active mobility of the knee joints (KJ), the severity of gonarthrosis using the Lequesnealgo-functional index (AFI_Lequesne) and the WOMAC questionnaire were assessed. Radiography and arthrosonography of the KJ were performed.Results. In patients in group “OA + DM2” AFI_Lequesne were less by 18,2% (p = 0,0001), the total WOMAC index were less by 15,6% (p = 0,0001) compared with the “OA” group. In the group “OA + DM2”, the first x-ray stage was 2,6 times less common, and the third was 2 times more likely than the group “OA” (χ2 = 25,5; p = 0,001). The arthrosonography in the group “OA + DM2” detected a more pronounced thinning of the articular cartilage and more severe osteophytosis. The masking effect of DM2 on the symptoms of OA led to a rarer use of slowly acting symptom-modifying agents containing chondroitin in patients with “OA + DM2” in 1,7 times as compared with “OA” patients.Conclusions. In patients with gonarthrosis, concomitant DM2 minimizes symptoms, but accelerates the degeneration of the knee joints tissues. There is no information on the deterioration of the carbohydrate metabolism with a prolonged use of chondroitin sulfate, which suggests the safety of such therapy for patients with OA and concomitant diabetes mellitus type 2.
Caught in the middle? Access to water in the rural to urban transformation of Bushenyi-Ishaka municipality, Uganda
Authors: Silva-Novoa Sanchez Luis Miguel , Kemerink-Seyoum Jeltsje Sanne , Waiswa Batega Dauda , Paul Ramkrishna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to contribute to the relatively few empirical studies done on how processes of urbanization affect water supply in smaller towns by providing an in-depth case study of Bushenyi-Ishaka municipality in Uganda. The paper shows how changes in water service provision as a result of the rural to urban transformation of the area differently affect various groups of water users in their access to water. Based on this research, the authors question the process of categorization and labelling in public service delivery, especially rigidly distinguishing between urban and rural water infrastructures and management models, as it often (re)produces binaries and potentially creates structural inequities. Building further on literature focusing on understanding and dealing with complexity, the paper calls for more empirical research to document everyday practices of providing and accessing water in changing environments in the hope to ultimately inform more effective policy interventions that aim for equity in water distributions.
CFD simulation of the aeration process and baffle influence in a full-scale commercial flat sheet module
Authors: Cao Yingchen , Gu Bowen , Sonnenburg Alexander , Urban Wilhelm 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The goal of the present paper is to investigate the aeration process and the enhanced effect of baffles in a full-scale commercial membrane bioreactor (MBR) system configured with a flat sheet (FS) membrane module. Through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, two aerated FS membrane modules for full-scale applications with 26 membrane sheets were simulated. The numerical results indicate that the presence of baffles and the distances between the baffle and the outmost membrane sheet have a minor influence on the area-weighted shear stress for full-scale MBRs. In addition, bubble size and the bottom distance between the aerator and membrane bottom do not affect the average shear stress of full-scale FS membrane modules much. However, an increase in air flow rate has a significant effect on the area-weighted shear stress. A large FS membrane module is recommended, as it could achieve the same cleaning effect as the small one with a lower specific aeration demand for membranes.
NOVA CARTOGRAFIA SOCIAL: EXPERIÊNCIAS METODOLÓGICAS E REPERTÓRIO CONFRONTACIONAL NO NORDESTE DO BRASIL.
Authors: Neves Rita de Cássia Maria , Fialho Vânia 
Published: May 2020

A ocupação do solo e o estabelecimento de novas territorialidades sempre foram elementos de disputas em que se destacam as lógicas coloniais perpetuadas através das desigualdades de direitos e da imposição de uma lógica de commoditização da terra. Neste trabalho, a partir da experiência do Projeto Nova Cartografia Social no Nordeste brasileiro, discutiremos tanto aspectos metodológicos das pesquisas, que tiveram como ponto fulcral a elaboração de mapas no contexto etnográfico e suas implicações para diferentes esferas do exercício do poder; quanto as disputas vivenciadas por comunidades urbanas e rurais no nordeste do Brasil contemporâneo pautadas no entendimento de que isso possibilita um processo reflexivo nos próprios grupos sociais envolvidos. As pesquisas têm como experiência as potencialidades e disputas políticas territoriais na comunidade quilombola de Conceição das Crioulas-PE, no Povo indígena Xukuru do Ororubá-PE e Tapuias da Lagoa de Tapará-RN, e as e disputas urbanas no bairro de Santo Amaro, Recife/PE.
Uso e relevância em abordagem quantitativa de pesquisas em Turismo no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Turismo (PPGTUR-UFRN)
Authors: Da Silva Ayslane Costa , Dutra Jose Eneas Montenegro , De Lima Lidenilza Soares , Alexandre Mauro Lemuel De Oliveira 
Published: May 2020

O desenvolvimento de pesquisas no campo do turismo, possibilita o aprimoramento do conhecimento deste fenômeno. Este trabalho acadêmico visa analisar peculiaridades de pesquisas quantitativas em estudos de turismo. O artigo tem como objetivo perceber a relevância em abordagem quantitativa de pesquisas em turismo do programa de pós-graduação em turismo da UFRN. A análise de 19 dissertações de mestrado disponíveis nos repositórios da UFRN, possibilitou uma reflexão sobre as abordagens quantitativas adotadas pelos discentes do programa (PPGTUR-UFRN). O trabalho tem ênfase qualitativa, utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de conteúdo das dissertações com auxílio do software IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados do estudo revelarem que a pesquisa quantitativa em turismo constroem-se a partir de um conjunto de técnica de pesquisa e análise bem definidas e que podem contribuir para a compreensão funcionalista do turismo no aperfeiçoamento das técnicas de pesquisa em diálogo com realidade nos locais de pesquisa.
Palavras-chave: Abordagem Quantitativa. Turismo. Fenômenos Turísticos.
Tourist Festivals and Territorial Development: a case study on the Jazz in Marciac Festival
Authors: Faria Erick de Oliveira , Pouillaude Victor , Crépel Valentine , Teixeira Manuella Biagioni Barbosa 
Published: May 2020

From the year 1982, new possibilities were given to the spatial organization of the French territory. In these spaces, the actions of social groups are recognized. Therefore, the social group builds the territory but the environment in which it lives also influences it. This paper studies the case of the Jazz in Marciac festival as an example of territorial development associated with the dimension of the voluntary commitment of the population towards a common objective and a source of debate. This jazz festival takes place at the village of Gers, Marciac and is guided by the principles of popular education. Today it gives life to its territory through national and international recognition as one of the most recognized jazz festivals. This is why we decided to ask ourselves about the causes of success at the jazz festival in a French village. So the questions came out: what does this imply in terms of development at the scale of its surroundings? Why and how this festival contributed to authentic development to the extent of its territory. The territory of Marciac turned a music festival into a local development opportunity, by its strength for cultural tourism, the valuation of local heritage and the improvement of living conditions. So the festival has become a showcase for local productions and a driving force for regional planning, it improves cultural, social and economic aspects of its territory.
Keywords: Jazz Festival. Territory Development. Cultural Tourism. Popular Education.
Ecolabels no Turismo: análise de um prêmio de sustentabilidade na visão dos gestores das iniciativas premiadas
Authors: Costa Helena Araújo 
Published: May 2020

Os prêmios de sustentabilidade estão inseridos dentro de um conjunto de ferramentas conhecidas como ecolabelsou rotulagem ambiental. Este artigo teve como objetivo compreender como uma premiação de sustentabilidade influenciou a realidade organizacional e foi vista por gestores de iniciativas premiadas. A atenção se voltou para ganhadores do Prêmio Braztoa de Sustentabilidade no Turismo no período de 2012 a 2017. A pesquisa teve natureza qualitativa e realizou entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto a representantes de oito iniciativas. Os resultados indicaram que a influência da premiação se dá de modo distinto, variando de um nível baixo - por ser considerada pontual, passageira ou mesmo inexistente - até uma influência considerada em nível alto - por possibilitar ampliação da visibilidade e da credibilidade, fortalecer as relações institucionais, entre outros aspectos. Para nenhum dos grupos o prêmio incrementou aspectos comerciais. Por fim, revela-se que há expectativas por parte dos entrevistados de que o Prêmio reverta, principalmente, em três tipos de ganhos: maior inserção comercial, aprendizagem e estabelecimento de relacionamentos com os parceiros do Prêmio.
Palavras-chave: Ecolabels. Prêmios. Sustentabilidade. Turismo.
“Amar la trama más que el desenlace!”: Reflexões sobre as proposições Trama Ecossistêmica da Ciência, Cartografia dos Saberes e Matrizes Rizomáticas, na pesquisa em Turismo
Authors: Cardinale Baptista Maria Luiza 
Published: May 2020

O texto tem caráter ensaístico, apresentando as proposições epistemológico-teórico-metodológicas Trama Ecossistêmica da Ciência, Cartografia dos Saberes e Matrizes Rizomáticas, considerando-as como pressupostos investigativos potentes, para Pesquisa em Turismo e suas transversalidades. Complementa-se com o relato de estudos realizados a partir desses pressupostos. Decorre de percursos de entrelaçamento com vários pesquisadores e processos de estudos empíricos, realizados em universidades do Brasil, já com forte vínculo com pesquisadores de, pelo menos, outros seis países. Em termos teóricos, trata-se de proposições transdisciplinares, alinhadas com pressupostos da ciência contemporânea ecossistêmica e complexa, englobando trilhas teóricas, desde a Epistemologia da Ciência (Santos, Maturana e Varela), o Cenário de Mutação da Ciência (Capra, Crema, Morin, Prigogine), estudos sobre a Metodologia da Ciência, construções e desconstruções (Morin, Rolnik, Lopes), Estudos Esquizoanalíticos e ligados às tecnologias (Guattari, Deleuze, Levy e Kerchove) o Turismo (Moesch, Beni, Baptista) e suas transversalidades. A estratégia metodológica corresponde à associação da Cartografia dos Saberes e Matrizes Rizomáticas, com aproximações e ações investigativas, vivenciadas em estudos próprios e de supervisão de pesquisas. O título, “Amar la trama más que el desenlace!” faz referência a uma canção de Jorge Drexler, sugerindo a importância dos entrelaçamentos dos saberes, nos diversos campos de enunciação. Nesse sentido, entende-se que Ciência, Arte e Saberes Comuns cotidianos são componentes de uma teia-trama, a ser conhecida, reconhecida e valorizada. As proposições apresentadas sinalizam para a relevância de investir nos vínculos de saberes, mais que nas separações, reconhecendo a potência dos microssinalizadores, que vão delineando inflexões dos caminhos da pesquisa.
Palavras-chave: Turismo. Trama Ecossistêmica. Cartografia Dos Saberes. Matrizes Rizomáticas.
Effects of Gentiana lutea Root on Vascular Diseases
Authors: Joksic Gordana , Radak Djordje , Sudar-Milovanovic Emina , Obradovic Milan , Radovanovic Jelena , Isenovic Esma R. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Gentiana lutea (GL), commonly known as yellow gentian, bitter root, and bitterwort,
belongs to family Gentianaceae. GL belongs to genus Gentiana, which is a rich natural source
of iridoids, secoiridoids, xantones, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and carbohydrates. Medicinal plants from
Gentiana species have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mitogenic, anti-proliferative, and lipidlowering
effects, as well as a cardioprotective, hypotensive, vasodilator and anti-platelet activities.

Objective:
We reviewed the recent literature related to the effects of Gentiana species, and their active
components on vascular diseases.

Methods:
Data used for this review were obtained by searching the electronic database [PUBMED/
MEDLINE 1973 - February 2020]. The primary data search terms of interest were: Gentiana
lutea, Gentienacea family, phytochemistry, vascular diseases, treatment of vascular diseases, antioxidant,
anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic.

Conclusion:
Gentiana species and their constituents affect many different factors related to vascular
disease development and progression. Therefore, Gentiana-based therapeutics represent potentially useful
drugs for the management of vascular diseases.
The Protective Effect of Ephedra alataAqueous Extract Against Metribuzin Intoxication on Albino Wistar Rat
Authors: Medila Ifriqya , Toumi Ikram , Adaika Aicha 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Metribuzin (Mtz), a pesticide often used on vegetable crops to control
broadleaf and grassy weed species has shown significant toxicity to humans and animals. Many
plant extracts have been reported to have multiple biological properties. Ephedra alata extract might
be useful in preventing and protecting the population from getting affected by metribuzin toxicity.

Objective:
The current study evaluates the protective effect of Ephedra alata aqueous extract against
metribuzin (Mtz) pesticide induced adverse effects on biochemical parameters as well as oxidative
stress in various tissues of rats.

Method :
This study was conducted on 24 Albino rats, which were divided into three groups; the first
served as a control, the remaining groups were respectively treated with metribuzin 1/5 of the LD50
(440 mg/kg b.w.) and a combination of Mtz and Ephedra alata aqueous extract at the dose level of
200 mg/kg b.w. for 50 days.

Results:
After 50 days of treatment, a significant increase in glucose levels was noticed in the
metribuzin-exposed group compared to the control. Mtz exposure resulted in the increase in plasma
urea and creatinine in rats, suggesting renal failure and caused also a significant induction of oxidative
damage in tissues as evidenced by increased activities of AST, ALT and ALP, increased levels
of malondialdehyde, decreased levels of reduced glutathione in Mtz group compared to the control.

Conclusion:
Ephedra alata aqueous extract at the dose level of 200 mg/kg b.w. supplementation has
significantly reduced the adverse effects of metribuzin. These findings suggest that Ephedra alata
extract may have protective effects by improving the antioxidant status in tissues and ameliorating
the harmful effects induced by Mtz.
Binary Grasshopper Optimization Based Feature Selection for Intrusion Detection System Using Feed Forward Neural Network Classifier
Authors: Jeyakarthic M. , Thirumalairaj A. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Due to the advanced improvement in internet and network technologies,
significant number of intrusions and attacks takes place. An intrusion detection system (IDS)
is employed to prevent distinct attacks. Several machine learning approaches has been
presented for the classification of IDS. But, IDS suffer from the curse of dimensionality that
results to increased complexity and decreased resource exploitation. Consequently, it
becomes necessary that significant features of data must be investigated by the use of IDS for
reducing the dimensionality.

Aim:
In this article, a new feature selection (FS) based classification system is presented
which carries out the FS and classification processes.

Methods:
Here, the binary variants of the Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm called
BGOA is applied as a FS model. The significant features are integrated using an effective
model to extract the useful ones and discard the useless features. The chosen features are
given to the feed forward neural network (FFNN) model to train and test the KDD99 dataset.

Results:
The validation of the presented model takes place using a benchmark KDD Cup
1999 dataset. By the inclusion of FS process, the classifier results gets increased by attaining
FPR of 0.43, FNR of 0.45, sensitivity of 99.55, specificity of 99.57, accuracy of 99.56, Fscore of 99.59 and kappa value of 99.11.

Conclusion:
The experimental outcome ensured the superior performance of the presented
model compared to diverse models under several aspects and is found to be an appropriate
tool for detecting intrusions.