bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fasting-Evoked En Route Hypoglycemia in Diabetes (FEEHD): From Guidelines to Clinical Practice
Authors: Abdelfattah Omar M. , Hassanein Mohamed , Saad Anas M. , Abela George , Aldasouqi Saleh 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Lipid profiles have been used for the purposes of health screening and monitoring
of the effects of lipid-lowering medications, especially in patients with diabetes who are prone to
hyperlipidemia. Fasting for lipid profiles has been the norm for the past decades. This long-lasting tradition
poses a risk of hypoglycemia, especially in patients with diabetes.

Objective:
Our aim is to review the overlooked occurrence of hypoglycemia in patients who fast for
laboratory tests, especially lipid profile tests, and commute to the laboratory facility while fasting; a
condition we titled “Fasting-Evoked En route Hypoglycemia in Diabetes patients” or “FEEHD”. We
also review its prevalence and clinical impact on patients with diabetes.

Methods:
We undertook an extensive literature search using search engines such as PubMed and Google
Scholar. We used the following keywords for the search: Fasting, Non-fasting; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic
Agents; Laboratory Tests; Glucose, Hypoglycemia, Lipid Profiles, FEEHD.

Results:
Our literature review has shown that the prevalence of FEEHD is alarmingly high (17-21% of
patients at risk). This form of hypoglycemia is under recognized in the clinical practice despite its frequent
occurrence. Recent changes in various international guidelines have uniformly endorsed the utilization
of non-fasting lipid profiles as the new standard for obtaining lipid profiles with the exception of
certain conditions. Multiple studies showed the efficacy of non-fasting lipid tests in comparison to fasting
lipid tests, in routine clinical practice.

Conclusion:
We hope to increase awareness among clinicians about this overlooked and potentially
harmful form of hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes, which can be easily avoided. We also hope to
call upon clinicians to consider changing the habit of ordering lipid profiles in the fasting state, which
has been recently shown to be largely unnecessary in routine clinical settings, with few exceptions in
selected cases.
In vitro Cytotoxic Effect, Hemolytic, and Antioxidant Activities of the Algerian Species Nonea vesicaria Rchb.
Authors: Mouffouk Soumia , Mouffouk Chaima , Bensouici Chawki , Haba Hamada 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
The aim of this study is the estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid contents and
the evaluation of cytotoxic, hemolytic and antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract obtained from
the species Nonea vesicaria (L.) Rchb.

Methods:
The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu and trichloroaluminum
methods, respectively. The cytotoxic effect was tested by Brine shrimp lethality assay and the
hemolytic activity was assessed by spectrophotometric test on human erythrocytes. Moreover, the antioxidant
activity was determined by seven different techniques.

Results:
The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of many classes of secondary metabolites,
a moderate level of polyphenols, and a low content of flavonoids. The methanolic extract showed a
significant cytotoxic effect with a value of LC50 at 35.7±0.5 μg/mL and induced hemolysis in a dosedependent
manner with a value of EC50 at 175.6±0.08 μg/mL. The results of antioxidant activities indicated
an important effect on nonpolar systems especially in ferric thiocyanate test and β-carotene
bleaching inhibition assay.

Conclusion:
The methanolic extract of N. vesicaria could constitute an important source of antioxidant
and cytotoxic compounds but prudent use is recommended in order to reduce the adverse effects related
to the possible hemolysis.
The Role of Annexin A1 and Formyl Peptide Receptor 2/3 Signaling in Chronic Corticosterone-Induced Depression-Like behaviors and Impairment in Hippocampal-Dependent Memory
Authors: Peritore Alessio Filippo , Crupi Rosalia , Scuto Maria , Gugliandolo Enrico , Siracusa Rosalba , Impellizzeri Daniela , Cordaro Marika , D’amico Ramona , Fusco Roberta , Di Paola Rosanna , Cuzzocrea Salvatore 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is commonly dysregulated in stress-related psychiatric disorders. Annexin A1 (ANXA1), an endogenous ligand of formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2/3, is a member of the family of phospholipid- and calcium-binding proteins with a well-defined role in the delayed early inhibitory feedback of glucocorticoids (GC) in the pituitary gland and implicated in the occurrence of behavioural disorders such as anxiety.

Objective:
The present study aimed to evaluate the potential role of ANXA1 and its main receptor, as a cellular mediator of behavioural disorders, in a model of corticosterone (CORT)-induced depression and subsequently the possible correlation between the depressive state and impairment of hippocampal memory.

Methods:
To induce the depression model, wild-type (WT), ANXA1 knockout (KO), and FPR2/3 KO mice were exposed to orally administration of CORT for 28 days dissolved in drinking water. Histological, biochemical and behavioural analyses were performed.

Results:
FPR2/3 KO and ANXA1 KO mice showed improvement in anxiety and depression-like behaviour compared with WT mice after CORT administration. In addition, FPR2/3 KO and ANXA1 KO mice showed a reduction in histological alterations and neuronal death in hippocampal sections. Moreover, CORT+ FPR2/3 KO and ANXA1 KO, exhibited an higher expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phospho-ERK, cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) and a decrease of serotonin transporter expression (SERT) compared to WT(CORT+) mice.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the absence of the ANXA1 protein, even more than the absence of its main receptor (FPR 2/3), was fundamental to the inhibitory action of GC on the HPA axis; it also maintained the hippocampal homeostasis by preventing neuronal damage associated with depression.
Bacterial-viral Urine Microbiota in Uncomplicated Recurrent Infection of the Lower Urinary Tract: Results of Pilot Study
Authors: Naboka Ju. L. , Kogan M. I. , Mordanov S. V. , Ibishev Kh. S. , Ilyash A. V. , Gudima I. A. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. Difficulties in the management and treatment of patients with uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) are largely because bacterial, viral and other components remain unexplored in the etiological structure of the disease.Purpose of the study. To study the urine bacterial-viral associations in uncomplicated recurrent infections of the lower urinary tract (LUT).Materials and methods. The study included 14 patients with uncomplicated recurrent infections of the LUT, the average age was 33.0 ± 4.7 years. The object of the study was the average portion of morning urine collected prior to the appointment of empirical antibiotic therapy. Urine was divided into 3 aliquots: 1 for general urine analysis, 2 for bacteriological examination, 3 for polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results. Aerobic-anaerobic associations were found in urine in all cases. Enterobacteriaceae family representatives were discovered in 92.8% of cases; they were represented by E. coli (78.6%), Klebsiella spp. (14.2%), Proteus spp. (7.1%). Moreover, in one patient at the same time (7.1%) E. coli + Klebsiella spp was isolated from urine.The gram-positive microflora pattern consisted of 7 genera and / or species and in various combinations was found in all patients. The taxonomic structure of the gram-positive flora was represented by E. faecalis (64.3%), S. lentus (21.4%), Corynebacterium spp., S. warneri, E. faecium (14.3% each), S. epidermidis + E. coli was recorded in 4 (28.6%) women, E. faecalis + E. faecium + E. coli + Klebsiella spp. - in 1 (7.1%), E. faecalis + E. faecium + E. coli also in 1 (7.1%) patients.Non-clostridial anaerobic bacteria (NAB) were isolated from urine in all cases with Eubacterium spp dominating. (57.1%). The taxonomic structure of NAB was represented by 5 genera: Eubacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Peptococcus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Propionibacterium spp.Viruses were detected in urine in 6 (42.9%) patients. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected in 4 (28.6%) of them, moreover, in 1 case, in association with human papillomavirus (HPV53), in two other cases (7.1% each), cytomegalovirus (CMV) was verified and human herpes simplex virus type 6 (HHV6), respectively.Conclusions. In patients with uncomplicated recurrent LUTI, viruses with a prevalence of EBV were verified in urine in 42.9% of cases (28.6%). Apparently, the treatment of this patients` cohort should be directed not only to the bacterial, but also the viral components of the urinary microbiota.
Polyorchism
Authors: Kolesnikov G. S. 
Published: January 2020

A clinical case of treatment of a 19-year-old patient with hydrocele on the left, polyorchism is described. In 2012, a patient underwent surgery on the left for varicocele on the left. Hydrocele developed one year after Ivanissevich’s surgery on the left, in 2013. Before going to the clinic polyorchism was not diagnosed. When contacted: complaints about the main disease - hydrocele: the increase of the left half of the scrotum, the patient’s condition was assessed as satisfactory, laboratory indicators ‒ within the normal range. Rapid treatment of hydrocele by Bergman was carried out. During the operation: the left half of the scrotum was opened, about 60 ml was evacuated. The straw-yellow liquids were assessed by the condition of the testicles, taking into account the presence of independent appendages in each organ and the common ejaculate - the decision was made to preserve both testicles. The postoperative period went smoothly. During the control examinations - pathological changes were not revealed: control analyses of the.The study did not have sponsorship. The author has declared no conflicts of interest.
Estimation of the Efficacy of Retroperitoneoscopic Renal Cysts Deroofing
Authors: Mukhtarov Sh. T. , Akilov F. A. , Mirkhamidov D. Kh. , Ayubov B. A. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The intensive introduction of modern endovideosurgical techniques creates the prerequisites for the further expansion of minimally invasive surgical interventions. Literature reviews` data on the results of retroperitoneoscopic operations suggest that endovideosurgery in urology has broad prospects for further development.Purpose of the study. To estimate of the efficacy and safety of the retroperitoneoscopic operations for renal cysts.Materials and methods. Retroperitoneoscopic operations (renal cysts deroofing) were performed for 152 symptomatic patients with Bosniak I kidney cysts (from 4.4 х 3.8 cm to 14.5 х 14.0 cm). Proposal of the operations were classified according to the technical difficulty as “Easy” in 147 (96.7%) cases (Е: sum of scores 3-5), in 5 (3.3%) cases – «Slightly difficult» (SD: score 7). Statistical analyses of the results performed by the program Microsoft Office Excel 2007, StatSoft Statistica 8.0 with using the Student-Fisher`s criteria.Results. The mean duration of the operations was 35.7 ± 6.1 min (30-90 min); there were not any intraoperative complications; the mean blood loss was 23.0 ± 4.1 ml (10-100 ml); there was no need for blood transfusion; incidence of postoperative complications were 2.4% - in 4 cases there were manifestation of urinary tract infection during the postoperative period (II category of the complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification); mean hospital stay was 2.2 ± 0.1 day (1-6 days); drainages were removed on second postoperative day; there were not any conversions to open operations and additional procedures in postoperative period.Conclusions. Retroperitoneoscopic renal cysts deroofing is effective and safe procedure for the treatment of simple kidney cysts. This method has the advantages of minimal invasiveness, minimal complications, short in hospital stay and fast recovery of the patients.The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Plasma N-Glycans as Emerging Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk: A Prospective Investigation in the EPIC-Potsdam Cohort Study
Authors: Wittenbecher Clemens , Štambuk Tamara , Kuxhaus Olga , Rudman Najda , Vučković Frano , Štambuk Jerko , Schiborn Catarina , Rahelić Dario , Dietrich Stefan , Gornik Olga , Perola Markus , Boeing Heiner , Schulze Matthias B. , Lauc Gordan 
Published: January 2020

OBJECTIVE
Plasma protein N-glycan profiling integrates information on enzymatic protein glycosylation, which is a highly controlled ubiquitous posttranslational modification. Here we investigate the ability of the plasma N-glycome to predict incidence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs; i.e., myocardial infarction and stroke).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Based on the prospective European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort (n = 27,548), we constructed case-cohorts including a random subsample of 2,500 participants and all physician-verified incident cases of type 2 diabetes (n = 820; median follow-up time 6.5 years) and CVD (n = 508; median follow-up time 8.2 years). Information on the relative abundance of 39 N-glycan groups in baseline plasma samples was generated by chromatographic profiling. We selected predictive N-glycans for type 2 diabetes and CVD separately, based on cross-validated machine learning, nonlinear model building, and construction of weighted prediction scores. This workflow for CVD was applied separately in men and women.

RESULTS
The N-glycan–based type 2 diabetes score was strongly predictive for diabetes risk in an internal validation cohort (weighted C-index 0.83, 95% CI 0.78–0.88), and this finding was externally validated in the Finland Cardiovascular Risk Study (FINRISK) cohort. N-glycans were moderately predictive for CVD incidence (weighted C-indices 0.66, 95% CI 0.60–0.72, for men; 0.64, 95% CI 0.55–0.73, for women). Information on the selected N-glycans improved the accuracy of established and clinically applied risk prediction scores for type 2 diabetes and CVD.

CONCLUSIONS
Selected N-glycans improve type 2 diabetes and CVD prediction beyond established risk markers. Plasma protein N-glycan profiling may thus be useful for risk stratification in the context of precisely targeted primary prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
Opportunities and Challenges of Jointly Building of the Polar Silk Road: China’s Perspective
Authors: Jian Yang , Long Zhao 
Published: January 2020

Dramatic changes, mainly caused by global warming and globalization in recent decades, have been evident in the Arctic. The peace and stability of the Arctic, scientific research in the region, potential business opportunities and international governance have sparked widespread attention and debates around the globe. The joint establishment of the Polar Silk Road (PSR) is tantamount to international cooperation initiative between Russia, China and the related Arctic countries, which is intended to achieve common development and joint governance of the Arctic through knowledge accumulation, helps to promote interconnectivity and sustainable development in the region. As a part of China’s Arctic policy and cooperation between Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China focuses on the coordination of national interests and strategies of relevant states regarding development of Arctic sea routes and infrastructure, prioritizes knowledge accumulation and scientific research as the guiding principle for cooperation, promotes green technology solutions and humanistic concerns, and recognizes the PSR cooperation as a new growth pole for China-Russia pragmatic cooperation. However, due to fragile natural environment and political, economic and social sensitivities of the Arctic, significant interference of global and regional geopolitics, potential challenges of global environmental politics, Acknowledgement and capacity gaps between participants, economic and technological uncertainties are major challenges for feasibility and efficiency of cooperation, requiring more in-depth scientific research, comprehensive assessments and regular coordination and communication between all stakeholders.
Economic Transformation of Regions of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation
Authors: Gamukin V. V. 
Published: January 2020

Post-crisis development of national economy substantially is defined by global trends on restoration of growth rates. It is necessary to use the capacity of macro regions of the country among which the important place is taken by the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF). There is a need for a research of ability of structure of economy of the territorial subjects of the federation entering it in whole or in part to adapta tion to the changing managing conditions. It is important to reveal effectiveness of efforts of large and small business, the regional and federal bodies of authority and management, the available market institutes in general directed to activation of economic factors of AZRF. In article the hypothesis of a possibility of assessment of dynamics of change of this structure with the indicators characterizing structure of the gross regional product (GRP) of the territorial subjects of the Russian Federation included in AZRF is made and considered. The research of structure of this indicator is conducted during 2005–2016 with application of the index of structure offered by the author. It is revealed that during the analyzed period of fluctuation of the sizes of shares in structures of GRP of subjects of AZRF significantly differ among themselves. Entry into AZRF into the analyzed period had no significant effect on change of structure of GRP of the entering territorial subjects of the Russian Federation yet. It says about prevalence of the economic practice which developed under the influence of a geographical factor. In subjects of AZRF the trend on reduction of a share of agriculture, hunting and forestry, the processing productions, transport and communication and financial activity with simultaneous increase in a share of mining proceeds. Significant growth in a share of public administration and ensuring military safety is observed; obligatory social insurance at stagnation of the size of a contribution of education, health care and providing social services. Fluctuations of the sizes of shares in structures of GRP of subjects of AZRF are uneven that speaks about preservation of a trend on a variety of structures of regional economies. The insignificant tendency to more balanced participation of subjects of the district in creation of total amount of GRP due to high dynamics of the extracting sector is revealed. In the Arctic in the analyzed years the industrial logic of development assuming large-scale industrial exploitation of natural resources amplified.
Correlation between Alpha Fetoprotein and Platelet Profile in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Abdullah Agus Alim , Samad Ibrahim Abdul 
Published: January 2020

Hematology abnormalities are commonly found in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) patients. Platelet (PLT) count in HCC can be low, normal or high, and influenced by tumor and liver damage. There are limited studies about the correlationp between AFP and platelet profile of HCC in Indonesia, especially in Makassar. This study is aimed to analyze the correlation between AFP and platelet profile in HCC patients. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2016 to June 2017 on 231 HCC subjects. The correlation between AFP and platelet profile, the correlation of AFP and platelet profile with the diagnosis were analyzed by Independent t-test and Chi-Square. There was no significant correlation between AFP and PLT profile and no significant correlation between AFP and HCC with and without cirrhosis with p>0.05 and p=0.094, respectively. Platelet count and PCT were significantly lower in cirrhotic HCC ompared to non-cirrhotic HCC (p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively), PDW and MPV were significantly higher in cirrhotic HCC compared to non-cirrhotic HCC (p<0.05, p<0.05, respectively). Mean platelet count and PCT in cirrhotic HCC were significantly lower compared to non- cirrhotic HCC, and mean PDW and MPV in cirrhotic HCC c were significantly higher compared to non-cirrhotic HCC. Further research was suggested to evaluate tumor size and nodules of HCC.
Correlation between Lactic Acid Concentration and The Severity of Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Iskandar Agustin , Pranidya Nada Putri , Sulistijono Eko , Aryati Aryati 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundsNeonatal sepsis remains a major cause of high infant mortality rate in Indonesia, and served as one of risk factor for early neonatal mortality. This study aims to determine the relationship between lactate levels andthe severity of sepsis and prognostic value of lactic acid as a predictor of severity in neonatal sepsis.. MethodsThis research is analytic observational research using cross sectional method. The subjects were patients of neonatal sepsis treated in the Perinatology Room of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang from February to June 2015. Lactic acid concentration in plasma was measured by using enzymatic colorimetric methodResults and DiscussionThe results showed a positive and significant correlation (p = 0,023; r= o,414) between lactate concentration and severity of sepsis, where every increase of sepsis degree increased lactate level of 0,151 mmol / L. Whereas by using cut off â‰¥ 2.5 mmol / L, the prognostic test showed 66.7% of sensitivity and 76.2% of specificity. The chi square test of lactate> 2 mmol / L and <2 mmol / L showed Odd Ratio (OR) of 1,3 whereas at lactate level > 5 mmol / L and <5 mmol / L showed OR of 4,8 indicated that although there was no difference but the mortality outcomes of neonatal sepsis 4.8 times greater those of life. Thus lactate levelsof > 5 mmol / L can determine mortality outcome of neonatal sepsis.Conclusions and suggestionsThe higher the lactic acid level the more severe of neonatal sepsis. Lactate levels greater than 5 mmol / L was predictor for determining mortality outcome in neonatal sepsis
HASHIMOTO’S THYROIDITIS HYPERTHYROID STAGE
Authors: Hapsari Siti Nurul , Soehita Sidarti 
Published: January 2020

Preliminary: Hashimoto thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis) is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in iodine- sufficient areas of the world, but can sometimes show hyperthyroidism. Case: A 39-year-old female was referred due to shortness of breath and tremor, four hours before hospitalization. There was nausea, chest pain, cold chills and palpitation. She was diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and routinely received tyrosol, propanolol and dexamethasone. Physical examination: cervical mass, afebrile, blood pressure 130/70 mmHg, pulse rate 110 x/minute and respiratory rate 20 x /minute. Laboratory examinations showed WBC 7.53 x 109/L, Hb 11.0 g/dL and platelet count 168 x 109/L. Chest X-Ray: negative for infiltrates. Several laboratory tests were performed, abnormal results were as follows: FT4 2.96 ng/dL (increased), TSH 0.003 uIU/mL (decreased), anti-TPO (antithyroid microsomal antibody) 306 IU/ml (increased), Ig E 213.6 IU/mL (increased). Peripheral blood smear, coagulation test, serum electrolytes, liver function tests, renal function tests, urinalysis, CEA and Ca 125 were within normal limits. A thyroid ultrasound resulted in a benign lesion. Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy concluded in lymphocytic Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Echocardiography showed hyperthyroid heart disease. Discussion: Due to an increase in anti-TPO and FT4, a decrease in TSH and lymphocytic thyroiditis from FNAB, this patient was diagnosed with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Hyperthyroid Stage. Conclusion: Thyroid function tests and thyroid antibody tests must be monitored to decide whether it is hyperthyroid or hypothyroid stage of Hashimoto thyroiditis.