bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk-based approach to develop a national residue program: prioritizing the residue control of veterinary drugs in fishery products
Authors: Kang Hui-Seung , Han Songyi , Cho Byung-Hoon , Lee Hunjoo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractVeterinary drugs are widely used to protect production-related diseases and promote the growth of farmed fish. The use of large amounts of veterinary drugs may have potential risk and cause adverse effects on both humans and the environment. In this study, we developed risk-based ranking based on a scoring system to be applied in the national residue program. In this approach, the following three factors of veterinary drugs that may occur as residues in fishery products were considered: potency (acceptable daily intake), usage (number of dose and withdrawal period), and residue occurrence. The overall ranking score was calculated using the following equation: potency × usage (sum of the number of sales and withdrawal period) × residue occurrence. The veterinary drugs that were assigned high score by applying this approach were enrofloxacin, amoxicillin, oxolinic acid, erythromycin, and trimethoprim. The risk-based approach for monitoring veterinary drugs can provide a reliable inspection priority in fishery products. The developed ranking system can be applied in web-based systems and residue-monitoring programs and to ensure safe management of fishery products in Korea.
Performance study and economic analysis of photo-voltaic thermal system under real-life thermal loads in tropical climate
Authors: Somasundaram Sivanand , Tay Andrew A. O. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe paper describes the implementation of a photo-voltaic thermal (PVT) system for a student hostel located in Singapore to cater for hot water requirements of the hostel and a part of electricity requirement. Real-time data monitoring was carried out by extensive instrumentation and data logging. Two different types of PVT collectors (glazed and unglazed) were used. Experimental results of performance of the individual collector arrays (thermal and photo-voltaic efficiency) along with the system overall efficiency are reported for a one-year period. Finally, an economic analysis of a typical PVT system for tropical climates is carried out and results are presented in the form of internal rate of return, net present value and payback period. PVT appears as a favourable technology in space starved areas like urban cities.
Ultrasound measurement of fetal abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness as a predictor of large versus small fetuses for gestational age
Authors: Khalifa Esraa A. , Hassanein Shaimaa A. , Eid Hazem H. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Commonly used ultrasound fetal weight estimation formulas show variable degrees of error which is more evident in fetuses with nutritional and metabolic issues; better accuracy of fetal weight estimation can be obtained by incorporation of fetal soft tissue parameters like the fetal subcutaneous tissue in the weight estimation process. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of fetal abdominal subcutaneous tissue thickness (FASTT) as an indicator of fetal birth weight.

Results
FASTT showed a high significant statistical correlation with fetal birth weight (r = 0.94, P value = 0.00); it showed higher sensitivity for large for gestational age (LGA) than small for gestational age (SGA) (90.9% and 86.9%, respectively). The best cutoff value for the detection of LGA was ≥ 9.2 mm and ≤ 4.5 for SGA. FASTT showed lower accuracy than abdominal circumference (AC) as an indicator of LGA (92% versus 96%, respectively). Used alone, FASTT is less sensitive than Hadlock formula in both LGA and SGA (90.9% versus 94.5% in LGA and 86.9% versus 88.9% for SGA, respectively). There was no statistical correlation between FASTT and mode of delivery (r = 0.09, P value = 0.23) nor fetal gender (r = 0.15, P value = 0.11)

Conclusion
FASTT is a good indicator of fetal birth weight especially LGA, yet it is less sensitive than AC in the prediction of LGA. It cannot be used as a predictor of mode of delivery and not affected by fetal gender.
Sequencing of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy With External-Beam Radiotherapy in Localized Prostate Cancer: A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Malone Shawn , Roy Soumyajit , Eapen Libni , E Choan , MacRae Robert , Perry Gad , Bowen Julie , Samant Rajiv , Morgan Scott , Craig Julia , Malone Kyle , Grimes Scott 
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE Dose-escalated radiotherapy (RT) with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is a standard definitive treatment of localized prostate cancer (LPCa). The optimal sequencing of these therapies is unclear. Our phase III trial compared neoadjuvant versus concurrent initiation of ADT in combination with dose-escalated prostate RT (PRT). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed LPCa with Gleason score ≤ 7, clinical stage T1b to T3a, and prostate-specific antigen < 30 ng/mL were randomly allocated to neoadjuvant and concurrent ADT for 6 months starting 4 months before RT (neoadjuvant group) or concurrent and adjuvant ADT for 6 months starting simultaneously with RT (concurrent group). The primary end point was biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS). Stratified log-rank test was used to compare bRFS and overall survival (OS). Incidence of grade ≥ 3 late RT-related toxicities was compared by log-rank test. RESULTS Overall, 432 patients were randomly assigned to the neoadjuvant (n = 215) or concurrent group (n = 217). At 10 years, bRFS rates for the two groups were 80.5% and 87.4%, respectively. Ten-year OS rates were 76.4% and 73.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference in bRFS ( P = .10) or OS ( P = .70) between the two groups. Relative to the neoadjuvant group, the hazard ratio for the concurrent group was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.41 to 1.07) for bRFS and 0.94 (95% CI, 0.68 to 1.30) for OS. No significant difference was observed in the 3-year incidence of late RT-related grade ≥ 3 GI (2.5% v 3.9%) or genitourinary toxicity (2.9% v 2.9%). CONCLUSION In our study, there was no statistically significant difference in bRFS between the two treatment groups. Similarly, no difference was seen in OS or late RT-related toxicities. On the basis of these results, both neoadjuvant and concurrent initiations of short-term ADT with dose-escalated PRT are reasonable standards of care for LPCa.
Photoactivation of Organotellurium Compounds in Precision Polymer Synthesis: Controlled Radical Polymerization and Radical Coupling Reactions
Authors: Yamago Shigeru 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Organotellurium chain transfer agents (CTAs) used for organotellurium-mediated radical polymerization (TERP) are highly photosensitive and generate radicals by carbon-tellurium bond homolysis upon absorbing UV-vis light at approximately 350–500 nm. The controlled radical polymerization of various vinyl monomers takes place in the presence of organotellurium CTAs under photoirradiation. The use of low-intensity light is important to attain structural control because of the need to maintain a low radical concentration. Photo-TERP not only preserves the synthetic advantages of TERP under thermal conditions, as exemplified by its high versatility in polymerizable monomer families, but also attains new benefits, including decreasing the amount of dead polymers, increasing the control of the macromolecular structure, lowering the polymerization temperature, and providing temporal control. In contrast, irradiation of a polymer prepared by TERP in the presence of dienes and styrenes with high-intensity light selectively gives the dimer via a polymer-end radical coupling reaction. Various symmetrical telechelic and mid-chain-functionalized polymers and ABA-triblock copolymers can be synthesized. Due to the mild conditions for both photo-TERP and the coupling reaction, unique macromolecular structures, and high structural control, these methods provide a new method in macromolecular engineering for fabricating functional polymer materials with improved and/or new functions.
Effect of gastric residual volume monitoring on incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to intensive care unit
Authors: Faramarzi Elnaz , Mahmoodpoor Ata , Hamishehkar Hadi , Shadvar Kamran , Iranpour Afshin , Sabzevari Tara , Sanaie Sarvin 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: The value of gastric residual volume (GRV) monitoring in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) has frequently been questioned in the past years. In this trial, the effect of GRV on the frequency of VAP was evaluated in critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation.
Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 150 adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit over a 14-month period, from October 2015 to January 2017. GRV was measured every three hours, and gastric intolerance was defined as GRV>250 cc. The incidence of vomiting and VAP, GRV, length of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, APACHE II and SOFA scores, and mortality rate were noted.
Results: The mean APACHEII and SOFA scores, ICU length of stay, and duration of mechanical ventilation in the GRV>250ml group were significantly higher than in the GRV≤250 ml group (P<0.05). Also, a significantly higher number of patients in the GRV>250ml group experienced infection (62.3%) and vomiting (71.7%) compared with the GRV≤250 group (P<0.01). The highest OR was observed for SOFA score >15 and APACHE II >30, which increased the risk of GVR>250 ml by 10.09 (1.01-99.97) and 8.78 (1.49-51.58), respectively. Moreover, the increase in GVR was found to be higher in the non-survivor than in the survivor group.
Conclusion: Increased GRV did not result in increased rates of VAP, ICU length of stay, and mortality. Therefore, the routine measurement of GRV as an important element of the VAP prevention bundle is not recommended in critically ill patients.
How to cite this:
Faramarzi E, Mahmoodpoor A, Hamishehkar H, Shadvar K, Iranpour A, Sabzevari T, et al. Effect of gastric residual volume monitoring on incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients admitted to intensive care unit. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.1.1321
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Multilingualism and strategic planning for HIV/AIDS-related health care and communication
Authors: Batchelor Kathryn , Yoda Lalbila Aristide , Sanon Ouattara Féridjou Emilie Georgette , Hellewell Olivia 
Published: December 2019

Background: Many lower and middle income countries (LMICs) have high levels of linguistic diversity, meaning that health information and care is not available in the languages spoken by the majority of the population. This research investigates the extent to which language needs are taken into account in planning for HIV/AIDS-related health communication in development contexts. Methods: We analysed all HIV/AIDS-related policy documents and reports available via the websites of the Department for International Development UK, The Global Fund, and the Ministries of Health and National AIDS commissions of Burkina Faso, Ghana and Senegal. We used quantitative and qualitative analysis to assess the level of prominence given to language issues, ascertain the level at which mentions occur (donor/funder/national government or commission), and identify the concrete plans for interlingual communication cited in the documents. Results: Of the 314 documents analysed, 35 mention language or translation, but the majority of the mentions are made in passing or in the context of providing background socio-cultural information, the implications of which are not explored. At donor level (DFID), no mentions of language issues were found. Only eight of the documents (2.5%) outline concrete actions for addressing multilingualism in HIV/AIDS-related health communication. These are limited to staff training for sign language, and the production of multilingual resources for large-scale sensitization campaigns. Conclusions: The visibility of language needs in formal planning and reporting in the context of HIV/AIDS-related health care is extremely low. Whilst this low visibility should not be equated to a complete absence of translation or interpreting activity on the ground, it is likely to result in insufficient resources being dedicated to addressing language barriers. Further research is needed to fully understand the ramifications of the low prominence given to questions of language, not least in relation to its impact on gender equality.
Cost-effectiveness of TLC-sucrose octasulfate versus control dressings in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Lobmann Ralf , Augustin Matthias , Lawall Holger , Tigges Wolfgang , Potempa Christoph , Thiem Helena , Fietz Cornelia , Rychlik Reinhard PT 
Published: December 2019

Objective: Diabetes is one of the most widespread diseases in Germany. Common complications are diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), which are associated with a cost-intensive treatment and serious adverse events, such as infections, amputations. This cost-effectiveness analysis compares two treatment options for patients with DFU: a TLC-NOSF dressing versus a neutral dressing, assessed through a European double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT), Explorer. Methods: The evaluation of the clinical outcomes was associated to direct costs (costs for dressings, nursing time, hospitalisation etc.) of both dressings, from the perspective of the statutory health insurance in Germany. Due to the long mean healing time of a DFU, the observation period was extended from 20 to 100 weeks in a Markov model. Results: After 20 weeks, and with complete closure as a primary endpoint, the model revealed direct treatment costs for DFU of €2,864.21 when treated with a TLC-NOSF dressing compared with €2,958.69 with the neutral control dressing (cost-effectiveness: €6,017.25 versus €9,928.49). In the Markov model (100 weeks) the costs for the TLC-NOSF dressing were €5,882.87 compared with €8,449.39 with the neutral dressing (cost-effectiveness: €6,277.58 versus €10,375.56). The robustness of results was underlined by several sensitivity analyses for varying assumptions. The frequency of weekly dressing changes had the most significant influence in terms of parameter uncertainty. Conclusion: Overall, the treatment of DFU with a TLC-NOSF dressing is supported from a health economic perspective, because both the treatment costs and the cost-effectiveness were superior compared with the neutral wound dressing.
GESTÃO DO DESEMPENHO NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA FEDERAL: o caso do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS)
Authors: Almeida Katiana Diniz , Barbosa Maria de Fátima Nóbrega 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo verificar em que medida o sistema de avaliação de desempenho do INSS tem favorecido o desempenho institucional, tendo adotado, portanto, a estratégia de estudo de caso. Para coleta de dados, procedeu-se uma pesquisa documental e de dados primários, tendo sido aplicado um survey aos Gestores das Seções Operacionais de Gestão de Pessoas (SOGP), atores relevantes neste processo, visando identificar suas percepções em relação ao processo desenvolvido no INSS, ao método utilizado e aos usos das informações geradas pelas Avaliações de Desempenho. Os resultados apontam para o esgotamento do sistema de Avaliação de Desempenho Individual, que além de apresentar fragilidades metodológicas, é invalidado por aspectos culturais e intrínsecos à instituição, pois 99,4% dos servidores obtém a pontuação máxima na Avaliação de Desempenho. Além disso, as informações geradas não têm sido úteis para prover capacitações, nem a aplicação de pessoal de forma efetiva.
Chemical composition of healthy and infected leaves by Forda riccobonii and Geoica swirskii of Pistacia atlantica Desf. collected from Maaziz region in Morocco
Authors: Harouak Hazim , Ibijbijen Jamal , Zair Touria , Nassiri Laila 
Published: December 2019

The Atlas Pistachio, Pistacia atlantica Desf., from the family of Anacardiaceae is a widespread species in Morocco and widely present in traditional pharmacopoeia 1. This species is frequently infected by Forda riccobonii and Geoica swirskii that are foliar galls-inducing aphids.The aim of this study was to compare the chemical composition of essential oils (EO) of the infected and healthy leaves of Pistacia atlantica. The extraction of essential oils was performed by hydro-distillation using Clevenger, phytochemical screening was realized by revelations tests and chemical composition was identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of some biologically active chemical compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenes. The infected leaves were richer in tannins than healthy ones, especially in gallic tannins.Also, the results reaveled that the EO yield of leaves with galls was higher (0.71%) than that of healthy ones (0.11%); also, the first type of leaves was predominated by α-Pinene (19.76%) followed by Terpinen-4-ol, Spathulenol and Sabinene with percentages of 11.94%, 8.90% and 7.63%, respectively. Whereas, healthy leaves were predominated by α-Amorphene (15.05%) followed by Terpinen-4-ol, Spathulenol and α-Muurolene with percentages of 7.17%, 6.46% and 6.20%, respectively.So, we arrived to conclude that infected leaves have a higher level of monoterpenes hydrocarbon than healthy ones that contains interesting molecules useful in differentes domains, especially in the health field.
Tunable asymmetric Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering of microwave photons in superconducting circuits
Authors: Wu Kun , Cheng Guangling , Chen Aixi 
Published: December 2019

We present an alternative scheme for generating the asymmetric steering of microwave photons via using a superconducting circuit system, where a single

Δ

-type three-level fluxoninum qubit interacts dispersively with three superconducting resonators. The nondegenerate parametric down-conversion occurs among three microwave modes by adiabatically eliminating the atomic variables of the artificial atom, which is responsible for the existence of quantum correlation. Furthermore, the asymmetric steering is easily established with the help of coherent driving of the resonators, and its directionality can be controlled by adjusting the driving strengths to two modes among three modes without additional noise. The scheme we present is based on general quantum operations under conditions of decoherence and nonideal coupling efficiency, and the asymmetric steering of microwave photons is a useful resource for the construction of long-distance quantum communication networks in solid-state systems.
Demonstration of a combined differential absorption and high spectral resolution lidar for profiling atmospheric temperature
Authors: Stillwell Robert A. , Spuler Scott M. , Hayman Matthew , Repasky Kevin S. , Bunn Catharine E. 
Published: December 2019

This work presents the first demonstration of atmospheric temperature measurement using the differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique. While DIAL is routinely used to measure atmospheric gases such as ozone and water vapor, almost no success has been found in using DIAL to measure atmospheric temperature. Attempts to measure temperature using a well-mixed gas like oxygen (O2) have largely failed based on a need for quantitative ancillary measurements of water vapor and atmospheric aerosols. Here, a lidar is described and demonstrated that simultaneously measures O2 absorption, water vapor number density, and aerosol backscatter ratio. This combination of measurements allows for the first measurements of atmospheric temperature with useful accuracy. DIAL temperature measurements are presented to an altitude of 4 km with 225 m and 30 min resolution with accuracy better than 3 K. DIAL temperature data is compared to a co-located Raman lidar system and radiosondes to evaluate the system’s performance. Finally, an analysis of current performance characteristics is presented, which highlights pathways for future improvement of this proof-of-concept instrument.
Learning through praise: How Christian worship band musicians learn
Authors: Benjamins Laura 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Popular music education continues to increase in North American educational settings. While popular music teaching and learning are recognized in a variety of contexts, contemporary Christian church praise bands have not been significantly addressed in music education literature. In addressing this gap, the purpose of this study is to examine the musicking practices occurring in the contemporary worship music (CWM) context and how these lead contemporary Christian musicians to acquire and develop their musical skills. Green’s five principles of informal music learning were found to apply in part, yet other distinctive features were also present in study findings. Themes such as elitism, excellence, hierarchies of musical engagement, and inclusion/exclusion of worshippers and the congregation also arose, providing interesting areas for future research.
Practical approaches to including popular music in the secondary ensemble
Authors: Musgrove Kristine Anita 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article offers guidelines to secondary music ensemble directors who are interested in incorporating informal approaches common to popular music making within their ensemble. The approaches provided utilize listening, improvisation, arranging, composition and collaboration in order to incorporate popular music learning. The examples discussed are specific strategies and methods which can be used by secondary music ensemble directors as entry points into popular music making activities. Strategies and methods presented place focus on approaching popular music making from the students’ musical interest and experiences promoting student-led learning.
A toe-tapping good time: Informal musicking through critical pedagogy in inclusive settings
Authors: Lorway Verne Hélène 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article draws upon the experiences of the author as a music educator creating inclusive music programmes over the past 24 years. She describes how informal learning gleaned from the approaches of popular musicians, combined with musicking as a means of building powerful relationships and critical pedagogy to infuse student voices into the teaching and learning process is a potent recipe for building an inclusive music class. Such a method needs to be guided by music educators throughout the learning process. Examining inclusive music education leads to further questions regarding what constitutes musicality and non-musicality in western society. When persons of all ages are involved in musicking in school and community contexts, music educators need to be involved in the challenges surrounding notions of musicality and non-musicality to steer processes that can create spaces for learning and growth.