bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial and Anticancer Properties of Synthetic Peptides Derived from the Wasp Parachartergus fraternus
Authors: Muller Jessica A. I. , Lawrence Nicole , Chan Lai Yue , Harvey Peta J. , Elliott Alysha G. , Blaskovich Mark A. T. , Gonçalves Jacqueline C. , Galante Priscilla , Mortari Marcia R. , Toffoli‐Kadri Mônica C. , Koehbach Johannes , Craik David J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAgelaia‐MPI and protonectin are antimicrobial peptides isolated from the wasp Parachartergus fraternus that show antimicrobial and neuroactive activities. Previously, two analogues of these peptides, neuroVAL and protonectin‐F, were designed to reduce nonspecific toxicity and improve potency. Here, the three‐dimensional structures of neuroVAL, protonectin and protonectin‐F were determined by using circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy. Antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic and hemolytic activities were tested for the parent peptides and analogues. All peptides showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria, with agelaia‐MPI being the most active. Protonectin and protonectin‐F were found to be toxic to cancerous and noncancerous cell lines. Internalization experiments revealed that these peptides accumulate inside both cell types. By contrast, neuroVAL was nontoxic to all tested cells and was able to enter cells without accumulating. In summary, neuroVAL has potential as a nontoxic cell‐penetrating peptide, while protonectin‐F needs further modification to realize its potential as an antitumor peptide.
CHRDL2 promotes osteosarcoma cell proliferation and metastasis through the BMP‐9/PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Chen Houping , Pan Runsang , Li Hao , Zhang Wenguang , Ren Chong , Lu Qiaoying , Chen Hui , Zhang Xiangyan , Nie Yingjie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractVarious studies demonstrated that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and their antagonists contribute to the development of cancers. Chordin‐like 2 (CHRDL2) is a member of BMP antagonists. However, the role and its relative mechanism of CHRDL2 in osteosarcoma remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the expression of CHRDL2 was significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent tissues and human normal osteoblast. Inhibition of CHRDL2 decreased the proliferation and colony formation of osteosarcoma cells in vitro, as well as the migration and invasion. CHRDL2 overexpression induced the opposite effects. CHRDL2 can bind with BMP‐9, thus decreasing BMP‐9 expression and the combination to its receptor protein kinase ALK1. It was predicted that BMP‐9 regulates PI3K/AKT pathways using gene set enrichment analysis. Inhibition of CHRDL2 decreased the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, while overexpression of CHRDL2 upregulated the activation. Increasing the expression of BMP‐9 reversed the effects of CHRDL2 overexpression on the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway, as well as the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. Take together, our present study revealed that CHRDL2 upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, and promoted osteosarcoma cell proliferation and metastasis through the BMP‐9/PI3K/AKT pathway. CHRDL2 maybe an oncogene in osteosarcoma, as well as novel biomarker for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.
Effect of processing on the phenolics content and antioxidant properties of mung bean
Authors: Zhang Shu , Feng Yu‐Chao , Fu Tian‐Xin , Sheng Ya‐Nan , Diao Jing‐Jing , Wang Chang‐Yuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesHealth benefits of cereals depend not only on the intake levels but also on their processing methods and conditions. In this work, effects of processing treatments, including steaming, cooking, and roasting on the free and bound phenolics content and antioxidant properties of mung bean, were investigated.FindingsThe free phenolics content of mung bean significantly decreased (p < .05), while the bound phenolics content significantly increased after processing. The loss in the free phenolics content was found to be greater after cooking, followed by steaming, and roasting. However, cooked mung bean samples showed greater bound phenolics content than that of steamed or roasted ones. Antioxidant activity of mung bean phenolics retained or even enhanced after processing depending processing method, duration, and temperature as well as phenolics type, that is, free and bound. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between the free or bound phenolics content and antioxidant activity of mung bean.ConclusionsThe processing of whole mung bean grain resulted in the change of the composition content of phenolics and changed the antioxidant activity. It was feasible to maintain the active by adjusting the processing mode and conditions of grain.Significance and noveltyThe antioxidant activity modification promoted by the processing treatment could increase the potential applications of mung bean.
Phosphorus‐Doped CuCo2O4 Oxide with Partial Amorphous Phase as a Robust Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Guo Zhen , Pang Yongyu , Xie Huan , He Guanjie , Parkin Ivan P. , Chai Guo‐Liang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIt is highly desirable to develop efficient and low‐cost electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) to improve the efficiency of water electrolysis. Here, we report a strategy doping with a small amount of phosphorus to make inactive and low‐cost spinel CuCo2O4 (CCO) turn into high‐efficiency and superior to the noble metal catalyst RuO2. The spinel CuCo2O4−P0.5 (CCP0.5) shows the best OER performance with a small overpotential of 290 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a low Tafel slope of 68 mV dec−1 in an alkaline electrolyte. The phosphorus doping induces the production of an amorphous phase that provides a large number of active sites, and the synergistic effect of the crystalline phase and amorphous phase significantly improves the OER activity of CCO. It is also revealed that the conductivity of CCO is improved compared with pristine CCO. Our work highlights that non‐metallic element doping is an effective strategy to greatly enhance the OER performance of spinel transition metal oxide electrocatalysts.
Forty Years after the Discovery of Its Nucleolytic Activity: [Cu(phen)2]2+ Shows Unattended DNA Cleavage Activity upon Fluorination
Authors: Lüdtke Carsten , Sobottka Sebastian , Heinrich Julian , Liebing Phil , Wedepohl Stefanie , Sarkar Biprajit , Kulak Nora 
Published: November 2020

Abstract[Cu(phen)2]2+ (phen=1,10‐phenanthroline) is the first and still one of the most efficient artificial nucleases. In general, when the phen ligand is modified, the nucleolytic activity of its CuII complex is significantly reduced. This is most likely due to higher steric bulk of such ligands and thus lower affinity to DNA. CuII complexes with phen ligands having fluorinated substituents (F, CF3, SF5, SCF3) surprisingly showed excellent DNA cleavage activity—in contrast to the unsubstituted [Cu(phen)2]2+—in the absence of the otherwise required classical, bioabundant external reducing agents like thiols or ascorbate. This nucleolytic activity correlates well with the half‐wave potentials E1/2 of the complexes. Cancer cell studies show cytotoxic effects of all complexes with fluorinated ligands in the low μm range, whereas they were less toxic towards healthy cells (fibroblasts).
Catalytic Benzylation Reactions: From C—H Bond Activation to C—N Bond Activation
Authors: Jiang Tianxiao , Liu Hongchi , Zhang Haocheng , Huang Hanmin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTransition‐metal mediated activation of inert chemical bonds is an ongoing topic in homogeneous catalysis. In view of the abundance and accessibility of alkylarenes and benzylamines, the use of them as benzyl source in catalytic benzylation reactions via benzylic C—H and C—N bond activation is highly desirable. Indeed, compared with the traditional approaches with benzyl halide as the substrates, benzylation reactions via C—H and C—N bond cleavage provide more efficient, atom‐economic strategies to access myriads of synthetically important molecules. In this account, our group's efforts on catalytic benzylation reactions via directed C—H activation, nondirected C—H activation and C—N bond activation are summarized.
What is the most favorite and original chemistry developed in your research group?Palladium‐catalyzed aminal chemistry.How do you supervise your students?Discuss with my students and encourage them to think about where the scientific problem is.What is the most important personality for scientific research?Honesty, curiosity and passion.What are your hobbies?Reading and playing badminton.Who influences you mostly in your life?My parents, who always inspire me to go forward.What is your favorite journal(s)?Journals that fairly review the manuscripts and publish inspiring, innovative research results.
Pharmacokinetics of Belimumab in Children With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Dimelow Richard , Ji Beulah , Struemper Herbert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe phase 2 placebo‐controlled, double‐blind PLUTO trial characterized the pharmacokinetics of belimumab plus standard systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) therapy in patients with childhood‐onset SLE (cSLE) and demonstrated similar efficacy and safety to that in adult SLE. Patients with active cSLE aged 5‐17 years were randomized to intravenous belimumab 10 mg/kg every 4 weeks (n = 53). A linear 2‐compartment population pharmacokinetics (popPK) model with first‐order elimination was developed, and an exploratory exposure‐response analysis assessed the impact of between‐patient exposure variability on clinical response (SLE Responder Index 4 [SRI4]) in week 52, and occurrence of serious adverse events during the study. The popPK model estimated clearance of 158 mL/day, steady‐state volume of distribution of 3.5 L, terminal half‐life of 16.3 days, and distribution half‐life of 0.8 days in the overall population. Fat‐free mass (FFM) better characterized the pharmacokinetics than total body weight and was more consistent with allometric scaling theory; belimumab pharmacokinetics were largely determined by FFM. Age, sex, disease activity, and concomitant medication had no impact on pediatric belimumab exposure after accounting for body size. Individual and median steady‐state pediatric pharmacokinetic profiles were similar to known adult profiles and pediatric exposure estimates for belimumab 10 mg/kg intravenously were consistent with adult exposures. Exposures were similar between SRI4 responders and nonresponders, and patients who did or did not experience a serious adverse event. There was no clinically relevant correlation between exposure and efficacy or safety, confirming belimumab 10 mg/kg intravenous dose every 4 weeks as appropriate for pediatric patients with cSLE.
An operative constellation rate for smart safety units using Internet of Things
Authors: Manoharan Hariprasath 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper focuses on implementing an intelligent decision‐making automated device for providing safety to all individuals. In India, during every year it has been observed that an average of 36% of the people is dying due to road accidents in highways. Till now, there are no intelligent devices to monitor the above‐mentioned conditions. Even if the devices are available the distance of installation is observed to be small and as a result cost of installation is higher. Therefore, the monitoring devices are not integrated in proper position and the safety units which are divided and placed in highways for providing indication to the drivers are not appropriate. To provide higher safety to each individual in highways, the proposed method incorporates a Minimized Cluster Rate for partitioning the highway patterns and for understanding the congestion problem to identify appropriate highway lanes with Enhanced Level protocol for proper operation in emergency conditions. Also, this new flanged model is monitored using Thing speak and for real‐time analysis the results are plotted in MATLAB. Moreover, it has been observed that the projected method provide more safety to each individual with minimization of cost and error in control process.
Drug‐Drug Interaction Surveillance Study: Comparing Self‐Controlled Designs in Five Empirical Examples in Real‐World Data
Authors: Bykov Katsiaryna , Li Hu , Kim Sangmi , Vine Seanna M. , Lo Re Vincent , Gagne Joshua J. 
Published: November 2020

Self‐controlled designs, specifically the case‐crossover (CCO) and the self‐controlled case series (SCCS), are increasingly utilized to generate real‐world evidence (RWE) on drug‐drug interactions (DDIs). Although these designs share the advantages and limitations of within‐individual comparison, they also have design‐specific assumptions. It is not known to what extent the differences in assumptions lead to different results in RWE DDI analyses. Using a nationwide US commercial healthcare insurance database (2006–2016), we compared the CCO and SCCS designs, as they are implemented in DDI studies, within five DDI‐outcome examples: (1) simvastatin + clarithromycin and muscle‐related toxicity; (2) atorvastatin + valsartan, and muscle‐related toxicity; and (3–5) dabigatran + P‐glycoprotein inhibitor (clarithromycin, amiodarone, and verapamil) and bleeding. Analyses were conducted within person‐time exposed to the object drug (statins and dabigatran) and adjusted for bias associated with the inhibiting drugs via control groups of individuals unexposed to the object drug. The designs yielded similar estimates in most examples, with SCCS displaying better statistical efficiency. With both designs, results varied across sensitivity analyses, particularly in CCO analyses with small number of exposed individuals. Analyses in controls revealed substantial bias that may be differential across DDI‐exposed and control individuals. Thus, both designs showed no association between amiodarone or verapamil and bleeding in dabigatran‐exposed but revealed strong positive associations in controls. Overall, bias adjustment via a control group had a larger impact on results than the choice of a design, highlighting the importance and challenges of appropriate control group selection for adequate bias control in self‐controlled analyses of DDIs.
Is conflict adaptivity better than cooperation? The effects of adaptive conflict behaviors on job‐related well‐being in South Korea
Authors: Kim Regina , Coleman Peter T. , Kugler Katharina G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGiven the pervasiveness of conflict at work and its potential negative consequences, it is important to know how managers can deal with conflicts constructively. Employees and managers are often required to navigate through a multiplicity of conflicts, including disputes with their supervisors and supervisees of either a cooperative, win–win or competitive, win–lose nature. The goal of this study was to examine how the capacity of South Korean workers to respond adaptively to different or changing types of conflict situations impacts their job‐related well‐being and turnover intentions. Specifically, we hypothesized and found that more adaptive responses to conflict—those that utilize different behavioral strategies that are aligned with the normative demands of presenting conflict situations—were positively related to satisfaction with conflict outcomes, job‐related well‐being, and lower intentions to quit one's job among managers and employees in South Korea. These findings are consistent with those from similar studies in the United States, providing support for the generalizability of the model to other cultural contexts. Theoretical and practical implications of the results as well as directions for future research are discussed.
Does religion improve corporate environmental responsibility? Evidence from China
Authors: Chen Kejing , Guo Wenqi , Kang Yanling , Wan Qingqing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe examine how religion influences corporate environmental responsibility (CER). With the existing literature, we analyse how Buddhism and Taoism, the most traditional and influential religion of the Chinese, could act on individual and organizational behaviours and corporate culture, and then improve CER. Taking Chinese listed companies that disclose environmental governance information from 2007 to 2016 as our sample, we find that religion contributes to the improvement of CER on corporate environmental governance, and the effect is still significant after controlling for endogenous problems and robustness tests. Furthermore, we find that religion can enhance the positive role of CER by reducing unit energy consumption and promoting local pollution prevention.
LC‐HRMS characterization of the skin pigmentation and sexual enhancers melanotan II and bremelanotide sold on the black market of performance and image enhancing drugs
Authors: Mestria Serena , Odoardi Sara , Frison Giampietro , Strano Rossi Sabina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe spread of performance and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs) often requires forensic toxicology laboratories to identify unknown compounds without reference standards. We characterized the PIEDs melanotan II and bremelanotide, not legally marketed, in eight unknown samples confiscated by police together with anabolic steroids, hormone modulators, sexual enhancers and stimulants, intended for the black market of bodybuilders, using liquid chromatography–high resolution/high accuracy Orbitrap mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS). The characterization was carried out by the accurate mass measurements of MH+ ionic species, the study of their isotopic patterns and the associated relative isotopic abundance (RIA) values, as well as the accurate mass measurements of collision‐induced product ions obtained in fragmentation experiments. LC‐HRMS confirmed itself as a powerful analytical tool to elucidate the elemental composition and structural characteristics of unknown compounds.
Distancing from a stigmatized social identity: State of the art and future research agenda on self‐group distancing
Authors: van Veelen Ruth , Veldman Jenny , Van Laar Colette , Derks Belle 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDespite equal rights, minority groups such as ethnic minorities, LGBTQ + people, and people with mental or physical disabilities face discrimination on a day‐to‐day basis in subtle and hard‐to‐recognize forms. As discrimination slips beneath the surface, it becomes difficult to fight the stigma using collective social identity coping mechanisms. Instead, individual mobility responses such as distancing the self from the stigmatized identity (“self‐group distancing”) become more viable as a way to improve one's individual standing. In this overview of the state of the art, we take a social identity lens to reflect on the current empirical knowledge base on self‐group distancing as a coping mechanism and provide a framework on what self‐group distancing is; when, where and why self‐group distancing likely occurs; and what its consequences are at the individual and the collective level. The contributions in this special issue provide novel insights into how these processes unfold, and serve as a basis to set a future research agenda, for example on what can be done to prevent self‐group distancing (i.e., interventions). Together, the insights highlight that while self‐group distancing may seem effective to (strategically and temporarily) alleviate discomfort or to improve one's own position, on a broader collective level and over time self‐group distancing tends to keep the current unequal social hierarchy in place.
Understanding allies’ participation in social change: A multiple perspectives approach
Authors: Kutlaca Maja , Radke Helena R. M. , Iyer Aarti , Becker Julia C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe introduction to the EJSP special issue brings together recent literature on allyship. We present and discuss different definitions of allyship and highlight a multiple perspectives approach to understanding the predictors and consequences of allyship. This approach suggests that engagement in allyship can be driven by egalitarian and non‐egalitarian motivations and that the behaviours identified as allyship can have different meanings, causes and consequences depending on whether researchers take into account the allies’ perspective or the disadvantaged groups’ perspective. We use this approach as an organizing principle to identify themes that emerge in the papers included in this special issue. We start with four papers that consider the perspective of the advantaged group, followed by two papers that consider the perspective of the disadvantaged group. Finally, we introduce two theoretical papers that examine the relations between disadvantaged groups and allies, and we set out directions for future research.
Morphometric Assessment of Golden Mahseer Populations in the Ganga River Basin, India
Authors: Dwivedi Arvind Kumar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
River fragmentation has adverse effects on fish populations due to restricted migratory pattern, resulting in risk of population extinction. It has been hypothesized that river fragmentation has led to changes in fish population structure. To test the hypothesis, 149 Golden Mahseer Tor putitora were collected from seven locations, including the Ganga River and upstream and downstream of two impounded headwater tributaries: the Bhagirathi and the Alaknanda rivers. Landmark–based “Truss” and “Geometric” morphometric differentiation was investigated to determine if variations in Golden Mahseer populations exist due to river impoundments. Truss network modeling yielded 90 size–corrected distance variables from 14 landmarks, following which analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant function analysis (DFA) were performed. Geometric morphometric modeling included relative warps, PCA, and canonical variate analysis (CVA). Both DFA and CVA plot illustrated overlapping, with DFA suggesting low percentage of classification between populations. Mahalanobis and Procrustes distances extracted from CVA were non-significant (P &gt; 0.001) among populations. Results indicated the existence of single homogenous population of Golden Mahseer in the Ganga River. This study provides a basis for stock identification useful in developing a suitable plan towards conservation and restoration of Golden Mahseer populations in the fragmented Ganga River.