bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Features Associated With Increased Surgical Invasiveness in Pyogenic Vertebral Column Osteomyelitis
Authors: Purea Tangi , Vettivel Jeevan , Hunt Lyn , Passias Peter G. , Baker Joseph F. 
Published: June 2020

Study Design: Single center retrospective cohort study. Objectives: Assess the association between well-known radiographic features for spinal instability from the Spinal Instability in Neoplasia Score (SINS) and surgical invasiveness in treating vertebral column osteomyelitis (VCO). This will potentially help surgeons in surgical planning and aid in developing a pathology specific score. Methods: Patients with VCO were identified from hospital coding. On preoperative computed tomography radiographic features, including spinal alignment, vertebral body collapse, location, type of bone lesion, and posterolateral involvement were assessed and scored 0 (stable) to 15 (highly unstable). Surgical invasiveness was graded as 0 = no surgery, 1 = decompression alone, 2 = shortening or posterior stabilization, or 3 = anterior column reconstruction. Results: A total of 41 patients were included. The mean age of the cohort was 63.3 years (SD 12.0) with male comprising 78%. The mean total radiographic score for the nonsurgical group was 6.39 (3.14) and for the surgical group 10.38 (3.06), P < .001. Spinal alignment, vertebral body collapse, type of bone lesion, and posterolateral involvement correlated with surgical invasiveness (all Ps < .05). Subgroup comparison following analysis of variance showed that only spinal alignment was significantly different between groups 2 and 3. Conclusions: Our findings show correlation of the radiographic components of the SINS with surgical invasiveness in management of pyogenic VCO—these findings should aid development of an “instability score” in pyogenic VCO. While most radiographic features assessed correlated with surgical invasiveness spinal alignment appears to be the key feature in determining the need for more invasive surgery.
The Mental Health of Individuals With Post-Traumatic Lower Limb Amputation: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Şimsek Nuray , Öztürk Gülhan Küçük , Nahya Zeliha Nilüfer 
Published: June 2020

Aim: The study was performed in order to identify how the post-traumatic amputation of the lower extremity affects the mental health of the individuals. Methods: This study is a qualitative study. A total of 12 individuals with post-traumatic lower extremity amputation were interviewed. The data were collected using the personal information form and the interview form that includes the questions on the effect of amputation on mental health, which were designated by the researchers. Data obtained from the survey were evaluated to attain descriptive situation determination. Based on the analysis, the effects of post-traumatic lower extremity amputation on mental health were found 5 themes. Results: In the study, it was found that individuals with post-traumatic lower limb amputation changed their emotions and behaviors after amputation, their body image and self-esteem were negatively affected, their families and the society differentiated themselves, they had negative feelings about their future, and they needed mental support to develop coping skills. Conclusion: The study shows that after amputation, individuals have severe mental problems such as anger, introversion, helplessness, and decreased self-esteem. Negative attitude of their families, who are expected to be supportive during this period, negatively affect the adaptation process of the individuals. A notable point is that the individuals stated that they could talk and feel relieved and get supported if they had access to a mental health professional.
Soluble CD30 Levels in the Sera of Patients With Psoriasis in Myanmar
Authors: Kyaw Myat Sanda , Tsuchihashi Hitoshi , Ogawa Hideoki , Ikeda Shigaku 
Published: June 2020

Background: Although psoriasis is a Th1-dominant disease, certain investigations have also revealed the involvement of Th2 cells in the disease. Soluble CD30 (sCD30) is predominantly associated with various Th2 diseases. Therefore, the role of sCD30 in psoriasis requires further evaluation. Objectives: To evaluate the association between sCD30 and psoriasis. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, the association between serum sCD30 levels and psoriasis was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in sera obtained from patients with psoriasis. Results: The results indicated elevated sCD30 levels in 79 patients with psoriasis, and the levels were significantly higher in those with a prolonged duration of disease (duration > 10 years). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between the duration of disease (years) and sCD30 (pg/mL) levels. These findings suggest that sCD30 is a useful marker for chronicity of psoriasis. Conclusion: Elevated sCD30 levels in psoriasis are associated with disease duration, and they may reflect the chronicity of psoriasis. Further research is required to determine the role of sCD30 in psoriasis.
Exploring city propensity for the market success of micro-electric vehicles
Authors: Loustric Ilona , Matyas Melinda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs a subset of increasing EV growth and micro-mobility technology trends, micro-electric vehicles (micro-EVs) have the potential to address many transport system issues. Little research quantifies micro-EV potential, increasing investment risks. This paper builds an index to explore city propensity for micro-EV market success by incorporating differentiation, implementation, commercialisation, consumer and manufacturer requirements, and economic stability and viability aspects. The results highlight that micro-EV market success could most likely be influenced by the lock-in of the city’s transport system. Despite inherent difficulties due to lock-in, our index suggests that there could be windows of opportunity for micro-EVs to be successful. Although both cities show a propensity for market success, Shanghai scores higher than London, highlighting that these opportunities may exist particularly in developing countries as they experience less lock-in and have more consumer incentives. Implementing micro-EVs in cities with higher propensity could have the domino effect of motivating change in other locations.
CapsNet-SSP: multilane capsule network for predicting human saliva-secretory proteins
Authors: Du Wei , Sun Yu , Li Gaoyang , Cao Huansheng , Pang Ran , Li Ying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Compared with disease biomarkers in blood and urine, biomarkers in saliva have distinct advantages in clinical tests, as they can be conveniently examined through noninvasive sample collection. Therefore, identifying human saliva-secretory proteins and further detecting protein biomarkers in saliva have significant value in clinical medicine. There are only a few methods for predicting saliva-secretory proteins based on conventional machine learning algorithms, and all are highly dependent on annotated protein features. Unlike conventional machine learning algorithms, deep learning algorithms can automatically learn feature representations from input data and thus hold promise for predicting saliva-secretory proteins.

Results
We present a novel end-to-end deep learning model based on multilane capsule network (CapsNet) with differently sized convolution kernels to identify saliva-secretory proteins only from sequence information. The proposed model CapsNet-SSP outperforms existing methods based on conventional machine learning algorithms. Furthermore, the model performs better than other state-of-the-art deep learning architectures mostly used to analyze biological sequences. In addition, we further validate the effectiveness of CapsNet-SSP by comparison with human saliva-secretory proteins from existing studies and known salivary protein biomarkers of cancer.

Conclusions
The main contributions of this study are as follows: (1) an end-to-end model based on CapsNet is proposed to identify saliva-secretory proteins from the sequence information; (2) the proposed model achieves better performance and outperforms existing models; and (3) the saliva-secretory proteins predicted by our model are statistically significant compared with existing cancer biomarkers in saliva. In addition, a web server of CapsNet-SSP is developed for saliva-secretory protein identification, and it can be accessed at the following URL: http://www.csbg-jlu.info/CapsNet-SSP/. We believe that our model and web server will be useful for biomedical researchers who are interested in finding salivary protein biomarkers, especially when they have identified candidate proteins for analyzing diseased tissues near or distal to salivary glands using transcriptome or proteomics.
Impact of protein supplementation during endurance training on changes in skeletal muscle transcriptome
Authors: Knuiman Pim , Hangelbroek Roland , Boekschoten Mark , Hopman Maria , Mensink Marco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundProtein supplementation improves physiological adaptations to endurance training, but the impact on adaptive changes in the skeletal muscle transcriptome remains elusive. The present analysis was executed to determine the impact of protein supplementation on changes in the skeletal muscle transcriptome following 5-weeks of endurance training.ResultsSkeletal muscle tissue samples from thevastus lateraliswere taken before and after 5-weeks of endurance training to assess changes in the skeletal muscle transcriptome. One hundred and 63 genes were differentially expressed after 5-weeks of endurance training in both groups(q-value< 0.05). In addition, the number of genes differentially expressed was higher in the protein group (PRO) (892, q-value< 0.05) when compared with the control group (CON) (440, q-value< 0.05), with no time-by-treatment interaction effect (q-value> 0.05). Endurance training primarily affected expression levels of genes related to extracellular matrix and these changes tended to be greater in PRO than in CON.ConclusionsProtein supplementation subtly impacts endurance training-induced changes in the skeletal muscle transcriptome. In addition, our transcriptomic analysis revealed that the extracellular matrix may be an important factor for skeletal muscle adaptation in response to endurance training. This trial was registered atclinicaltrials.govas NCT03462381, March 12, 2018.Trial registrationThis trial was registered atclinicaltrials.govasNCT03462381.
Gender-specific cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in Chinese populations
Authors: Long Juan , Zeng Fanfang , Wang Lili , Yi Chen , Chen Qiying , Zhao Honglei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundData was limited on the rates of in-hospital and 30-days composite outcomes between male and female patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsThis was a retrospective study and CHD patients undergoing PCI between January and December of 2018 were screened and recruited. Baseline characteristics, in-hospital and 30-days composite outcomes were compared by gender. The factors influencing gender-outcome associations were evaluated.ResultsA total of 672 CHD patients undergoing PCI were included into current analysis. Compared to males, females were older (53.8 ± 12.7 years vs 50.6 ± 11.8 years), more likely to be obese (32.9% vs 29.4%) and had higher prevalence of hypertension (46.7% vs 41%). Females were less likely to be smoker (30.3% vs 1.1%), have prior history of CHD (4.4% vs 10.9%), and lower socioeconomic status [SES; full-time employment (64.4% vs 71.9%), education attainment ≥ college (29.6% vs 36.8%) and annual income ≥60,000 RMB (23.7% vs 27.1%)]. Hospitalized stay was longer in females (median 5.2 vs 4.0 days), and females were more likely to experience in-hospital bleeding (3.0% vs 1.2%) and 30-days non-fatal myocardial infarction (5.9% vs 2.9%). In unadjusted model, compared to males, females had a crude odds ratio (OR) of 2.05 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68–2.59) for in-hospital composite outcomes and 2.16 (95% CI 1.74–2.63) for 30-days post-PCI composite outcomes. After adjustment for potential covariates, female gender remains independently associated with in-hospital and 30-days post-PCI composite outcomes. OR change was the greatest with adjustment for SES when compared to other covariates.ConclusionCompared to male patients, female patients had a higher risk of in-hospital and 30-days composite outcomes post-PCI treatment, which were mainly attributed to the differences in SES.
Use of peripheral vascular access in the prehospital setting: is there room for improvement?
Authors: Gonvers Erin , Spichiger Thierry , Albrecht Eric , Dami Fabrice 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that prehospital insertion of peripheral vascular access is highly variable. The aim of this study is to establish the proportion of peripheral vascular access placement and its use with regard to both the severity of cases and the main problem suspected by the paramedics involved. Over-triage was considered to have taken place where peripheral vascular access was placed but unused and these cases were specifically analysed in order to evaluate the possibility of improving current practice.

Methods
This is a one-year (2017) retrospective study conducted throughout one State of Switzerland. Data were extracted from the state’s public health service database, collected electronically by paramedics on RescueNet® from Siemens. The following data were collected and analyzed: sex, age, main diagnosis suspected by paramedics and the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics score (NACA) to classify the severity of cases.

Results
A total of 33,055 missions were included, 29,309 (88.7%) with a low severity. A peripheral vascular access was placed in 8603 (26.0%) cases. Among those, 3948 (45.9%) were unused and 2626 (66.5%) of these patients had a low severity score. Opiates represent 48.3% of all medications given. The most frequent diagnosis among unused peripheral vascular access were: respiratory distress (12.7%), neurological deficit without coma or trauma (9.6%), cardiac condition with thoracic pain and without trauma or loss of consciousness (9.6%) and decreased general condition of the patient (8.5%).

Conclusions
Peripheral vascular access was set in 26% of patients, nearly half of which were unused. To reduce over-triage, special attention should be dedicated to cases defined by EMS on site as low severity, as they do not require placement of a peripheral vascular access as a precautionary measure. Alternative routes, such as the intra-nasal route, should be promoted, particularly for analgesia, whose efficiency is well documented. Emergency medical services medical directors may also consider modifying protocols of acute clinical situations when data show that mandatory peripheral vascular access, in stroke cases for example, is almost never used.
Sarcopenic obesity and associations with mortality in older women and men – a prospective observational study
Authors: von Berens Å. , Obling S. R. , Nydahl M. , Koochek A. , Lissner L. , Skoog I. , Frändin K. , Skoglund E. , Rothenberg E. , Cederholm T. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The combined effect of sarcopenia and obesity, i.e., sarcopenic obesity, has been associated with disability and worse outcomes in older adults, but results are conflicting. The objectives of this study were to describe the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) in older adults, and to examine how the risk of mortality is associated with SO and its various components.

Methods
Data were obtained from two Swedish population studies, the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies of 521 women and men at the age of 75, and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM), which included 288 men aged 87 years. Sarcopenia was defined using the recently updated EWGSOP2 definition. Obesity was defined by any of three established definitions: body mass index ≥30 kg/m2, fat mass > 30%/ > 42% or waist circumference ≥ 88 cm/≥102 cm for women and men, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the Cox proportional hazard model were used for 10-year and 4-year survival analyses in the H70 and ULSAM cohorts, respectively.

Results
SO was observed in 4% of the women and 11% of the men in the H70 cohort, and in 10% of the ULSAM male cohort. The 75-year-old women with SO had a higher risk (HR 3.25, 95% confidence interval (1.2–8.9)) of dying within 10 years compared to those with a “normal” phenotype. A potential similar association with mortality among the 75-year-old men was not statistically significant. In the older men aged 87 years, obesity was associated with increased survival.

Conclusions
SO was observed in 4–11% of community-dwelling older adults. In 75-year-old women SO appeared to associate with an increased risk of dying within 10 years. In 87-year-old men, the results indicated that obesity without sarcopenia was related to a survival benefit over a four-year period.
Low serum albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, and body mass are risk factors for frailty in elderly people with diabetes–a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yanagita Ikumi , Fujihara Yuya , Iwaya Chikayo , Kitajima Yuichi , Tajima Misuzu , Honda Masanao , Teruya Yuji , Asakawa Hideko , Ito Tomoko , Eda Terumi , Yamaguchi Noriko , Kayashima Yumi , Yoshimoto Mihoko , Harada Mayumi , Yoshimoto Shoji , Aida Eiji , Yanase Toshihiko , Nawata Hajime , Muta Kazuo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Frailty is broadly characterized by vulnerability and decline in physical, mental and social activities and is more common in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Frailty is closely associated with nutrition, muscle strength, inflammation, and hormones etc. In hormones, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and cortisol are suggested to be such candidates affecting frailty. Little investigation has been performed using a wider range of measures of frailty to clarify risk factors for frailty including the above two hormones.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients (n = 148; ≥65 years), using a broad assessment, the clinical frailty scale. We compared parameters between the non-frail and frail groups using the unpaired t and Mann-Whitney U tests. The Jonckheere-Therpstra test was used to identify relationships with the severity of frailty, and risk factors were identified using binary regression analysis.

Results
Simple regression analysis identified a number of significant risk factors for frailty, including DHEAS < 70 μg/dL and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio ≥ 0.2. Multiple regression analysis showed that low albumin (< 4.0 g/dl) (odds ratio [OR] = 5.79, p < 0.001), low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity (< 25 IU/L) (OR = 4.34, p = 0.009), and low body mass (BM) (< 53 kg) (OR = 3.85, p = 0.012) were independent risk factors for frailty. A significant decrease in DHEA-S and a significant increase in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio occurred alongside increases in the severity of frailty. DHEA-S concentration positively correlated with both serum albumin and BM.

Conclusions
Hypoalbuminemia, low AST, and low BM are independent risk factors for frailty in elderly T2DM patients, strongly implying relative malnutrition in these frail patients. DHEA-S may be important for the maintenance of liver function and BM. A decrease in DHEA-S and an increase in the cortisol/DHEAS ratio may be involved in the mechanism of the effect of malnutrition in elderly T2DM patients.
Characterization of clinical enterococci isolates, focusing on the vancomycin-resistant enterococci in a tertiary hospital in China: based on the data from 2013 to 2018
Authors: Zhou Wanqing , Zhou Hui , Sun Yuhan , Gao Shuo , Zhang Yan , Cao Xiaoli , Zhang Zhifeng , Shen Han , Zhang Chunni 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE) have spread all over the world. The present study aims to investigate the species distribution, specimen type and susceptibilities of Enterococcal species collected from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Additionally, distribution of VRE and prevalence of van gene among VRE isolates were also analyzed.

Methods
The susceptibilities of 3913 Enterococcus isolates were retrospectively investigated. Among these strains, 60 VRE strains were further anazlyed in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the VRE strains towards vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid were determined by E-test. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were used to investigate the prevalence of van genes among VRE. Furthermore, the sequence types (STs) of VRE strains were explored by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST).

Results
Among the 3913 enterococci isolates, Enterococcus faecalis (n = 1870, 47.8%) and Enterococcus faecium (1738, 44.4%) were the main isolates. These Enterococcus strains were mainly isolated from urine (n = 1673, 42.8%), followed by secretions (n = 583, 14.9%) and ascites (n = 554, 14.2%). VRE displayed a decreasing trend year by year. Molecular analysis revealed that 49 out of 60 VRE isolates carried vanA gene, 10 carried vanM, and 1 carried both vanA and vanM genes. Sixteen distinct STs were identified among the 58 VREM, with ST78 (n = 16), ST192 (n = 8) and ST570 (n = 7) being the most dominant ones.

Conclusions
E. faecalis and E. faecium were the major enterococci strains which are the main pathogens of urinary traction infections; vanA and vanM were the main determinants conferring resistance to vancomycin; ST78, ST192 and ST570 were the leading STs of VREM which displayed a decreasing trend of prevalence year by year.
A novel pathogenic variant in the LRTOMT gene causes autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss in an Iranian family
Authors: Sarmadi Akram , Nasrniya Samane , Soleimani Farsani Maryam , Narrei Sina , Nouri Zahra , Sepehrnejad Mahsa , Nilforoush Mohammad Hussein , Abtahi Hamidreza , Tabatabaiefar Mohammad Amin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHearing loss (HL) is the most common sensorineural disorder with high phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity, which negatively affects life quality. Autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) constitutes a major share of HL cases. In the present study, Whole exome sequencing (WES) was applied to investigate the underlying etiology of HL in an Iranian patient with ARNSHL.MethodsA proband from an Iranian consanguineous family was examined via WES, followingGJB2sequencing. WES was utilized to find possible genetic etiology of the disease. Various Bioinformatics tools were used to assess the pathogenicity of the variants. Co-segregation analysis of the candidate variant was carried out. Interpretation of variants was performed according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines.ResultsWES results showed a novel frameshift (16 bp deletion) variant (p.Ala170Alafs*20) in theLRTOMTgene. This variant, which resides in exon 6, was found to be co-segregating in the family. It fulfils the criteria set by the ACMG guidelines of being pathogenic.ConclusionHere, we report successful application of WES to identify the molecular pathogenesis of ARNSHL, which is a genetically heterogeneous disorder, in a patient with ARNSHL.