bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en sangre, El Salvador
Authors: Belteton Martinez Wilfredo Roberto , Hernández-Ávila Carlos , Argueta Elías , Suarez Tamayo Susana , Romero Pláceres Manuel 
Published: July 2020

Resumen
Introducción. Los plaguicidas organoclorados fueron utilizados en campañas de salud pública y en prácticas agrícolas Su uso fue prohibido al detectarse residuos tóxicos en tejidos grasos de animales y personas y su persistencia en el ambiente. En El Salvador aún se utilizan, comercializan y almacenan algunos de estos plaguicidas. Objetivo. Identificar la presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en muestras sanguíneas, almacenadas en la seroteca del Laboratorio Nacional de Salud Pública. Metodología. Estudio transversal de las muestras almacenadas en la seroteca en el periodo de enero a octubre de 2018, analizadas a través del método de cromatografía de gases con detector de microcaptura de electrones. Resultados. Se identificó presencia de plaguicidas organoclorados en 33 muestras (34%); de las cuales 28 se detectaron en hombres. De las muestras positivas 27 eran personas mayores de 29 años. En los departamentos de La Libertad (7) y San Salvador (6) se identificó mayor cantidad de muestras positivas a plaguicidas para el Dichloro diphenyl dichloroethane y el Lindano. Conclusiones: Se identificó presencia de algunos plaguicidas organoclorados en las muestras de la seroteca del Laboratorio Nacional de Salud Pública, lo que da indicios de la exposición de la población a plaguicidas en el medio ambiente, agua y/o alimentos.
Influência da Internacionalização e da Governança Corporativa na Responsabilidade Social Corporativa
Authors: Albuquerque Filho Antonio Rodrigues , Castro de Sousa André Luiz , Lopes Hitalo Da Silveira , Guimarães Daniel Barboza , Rodrigues Ponte Vera Maria 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Analisar a influência da internacionalização e da governança corporativa na responsabilidade social corporativa das maiores empresas brasileiras. Método: A pesquisa de natureza quantitativa e descritiva, adotou a coleta de dados secundários referentes a responsabilidade social corporativa, internacionalização e governança das 100 maiores empresas brasileiras, entre os anos de 2015 e 2017. Os dados foram tratados por meio dos testes de diferença entre médias (t de student) e análise de regressão linear múltipla com dados em painel.Originalidade / Relevância: A pesquisa contribui na evidenciação de fatores de estratégia e gestão organizacional que influenciam a adoção de práticas de responsabilidade social corporativa em empresas brasileiras.Resultados: Os resultados relevaram que as empresas, com maior nível de internacionalização e com maior governança, estão propensas a ser mais socialmente responsáveis. Tais resultados, demonstraram que o nível de responsabilidade social das empresas aumenta à medida que possuem investidores estrangeiros com participação no capital social, estão listadas em bolsa de valores e emitem ADRs, assim como quando apresentam maior índice de governança.Contribuições teóricas / metodológicas: Contribuímos para o estabelecimento da relação entre responsabilidade social corporativa, governança e internacionalização em empresas brasileiras, campo ainda carente de investigações. A construção das variáveis colabora para estudos futuros com essas temáticas. Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: Ao relacionarmos os três construtos, fornecemos pistas para empresas que buscam incrementar suas práticas de responsabilidade social e governança, como forma de atender a um grupo ainda maior de stakeholders conquistados através da internacionalização.
Construtos na Pesquisa em Estratégia: definição e clareza
Authors: Serra Fernando Ribeiro 
Published: July 2020

Não faz muito tempo que Nag, Hambrick and Chen (2007) trouxeram uma definição, a partir do consenso de pesquisadores, sobre o que é administração estratégia, ou estratégia de forma mais simples: “O campo da administração estratégica liga com as iniciativas, desejadas e emergentes, tomadas pelos gerentes gerais em nome dos donos, envolvendo a utilização de recursos, para melhorar o desempenho das empresas nos seus ambientes externos” (p. 944). O campo de administração estratégica, no entanto, não é particularmente definido por uma abordagem teórica específica (Nag, Hambrick Chen, 2007), mas é caracterizado por perguntas de pesquisa que focam no desempenho organizacional e na influência dos gestores no desempenho (Makadok, Burton Barney, 2018).
Impacts of Corporate Social Responsibility on Companies Performance: Empirical Testing on Brazilian Health and Dental Insurance Companies
Authors: Duque Luciano Polisseni , Silva Jorge Ferreira da , Cohen Marcos 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo do estudo: Avaliar o impacto da responsabilidade social corporativa no desempenho das operadoras brasileiras de planos de saúde/odontológicos. Metodologia/abordagem: Pesquisa empírica com base em survey respondida por 123 empresas do setor. Os dados foram tratados de forma quantitativa por meio de Análise de Cluster, MANOVA e ANOVA. Os construtos "desempenho" e "responsabilidade social corporativa" foram operacionalizados a partir de revisão bibliográfica e consulta a especialistas. Para o construto "responsabilidade social" foram utilizadas 12 variáveis independentes. Para o construto "desempenho" foram usadas variáveis objetivas e subjetivas, avaliadas entre 2013 e 2015. Originalidade/Relevância: Este trabalho traz evidências empíricas provenientes de um setor ainda pouco estudado. Ela traz ainda uma contribuição inovadora por meio da operacionalização dos construtos estudados e pela proposição de uma taxionomia para a prática da responsabilidade social pelas empresas do setor. Principais resultados: Identificaram-se padrões de orientação estratégica das operadoras do setor quanto à adoção de práticas de responsabilidade social. Apresentou-se ainda uma taxionomia estratégica destas operadoras, sendo identificados quatro clusters: 1-os ambientalistas financeiramente ineficientes; 2-os engajados comunitariamente com prejuízo financeiro; 3-os transparentes lucrativos; 4-os legalistas e sociais com prejuízo financeiro. Porém, verificou-se não haver diferença estatisticamente significante entre os quatro clusters de responsabilidade social com relação à dimensão "desempenho”. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: A criação de uma taxionomia para a prática da responsabilidade social pelas operadoras de planos de saúde/odontológicos e a identificação das variáveis que operacionalizam este construto no setor podem ser consideradas contribuições importantes para a teoria envolvendo especificamente este setor.
Polymethionine modified carbon nanotube sensor for sensitive and selective determination of L-tryptophan
Authors: Prinith Nambudumada S. , Manjunatha Jamballi G. 
Published: July 2020

The electrochemically initiated catalytic oxidation of amino acid L-tryptophan (L-TPN) in phosphate buffer solution has been scrutinized using highly conductive polymethionine modified carbon nanotube paste sensor (PMETCNTPS) through cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. Compared to the bare carbon nanotube paste sensor (BCNTPS), PMETCNTPS exhibited a quantifiable current signal by CV method. PMETCNTPS was found sensitive to L-TPN concentrations within the linear segment of detection range 1.5 - 8.0×10-5 M. By employing the calibration plot, the detection limit was determined as 6.99×10-7 M. In addition, PMETCNTPS was successfully exploited and validated in determining L-TPN in the pharmaceutical supplement.
Pensar los afectos: una puerta de entrada al análisis de la dimensión emocional.
Authors: Nobile Mariana 
Published: July 2020

Reseña:Ana Abramowski y Santiago Canevaro (Comp.).Pensar los afectos. Aproximaciones desde las ciencias sociales y las humanidades. Los Polvorines, Buenos Aires, Argentina: Ediciones UNGS Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS), 2017. 316 páginas; ISBN: 978-987-630-283-8.
Visibilidades, jerarquías y ciudadanías en disputa: una contribución al estudio del servicio doméstico en América Latina desde el arte y la literatura.
Authors: Canevaro Santiago 
Published: July 2020

Reseña:María Julia Rossi y Lucía Campanella (Comp.). Acerca de Los de abajo. Tres siglos de sirvientes en el arte y la literatura en América Latina. Rosario, Argentina: Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario, 2018. 246 páginas; ISBN: 978-987-702-274-2.
Cognitive-Behavioral and Pharmacological Treatments for Insomnia: A Combined Approach
Authors: Cicolin Alessandro , Giordano Alessandra 
Published: July 2020

Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder (10-40%). It is defined as the subjective perception of difficulty with sleep initiation, duration, consolidation, or quality that occurs despite adequate opportunity for sleep and that results in some form of daytime impairment. Among the typical symptoms, there are fatigue, decreased mood or irritability, general malaise, and cognitive impairment. According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders 3rd edition, ICSD-3, it has been defined as chronic (lasting more than three months) or short-term insomnia (less than three months).In clinical practice, the usual therapeutic approach is pharmacological (benzodiazepines, z drugs, slow wave sleep enhancers), even if the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), the American College of Physicians (ACP), and the European Sleep Research Society (ESRS) guidelines suggest that the first clinical choice should be non-pharmacological (cognitive behavioral therapy). A combined (non-pharmacological and pharmacological)approach could be considered in poor responders to manage drug dependence and to increase compliance to treatment and patients’ quality of life.
Transparencia y economía circular: análisis y valoración de la gestión municipal de los residuos sólidos urbanos
Authors: Rodríguez-Martín Alejandro , Palomo-Zurdo Ricardo , González-Sánchez Francisco 
Published: July 2020

La gestión adecuada por parte de los ayuntamientos españoles de la recogida y tratamiento de los residuos sólidos urbanos (RSU) y su incidencia en el medioambiente, es un factor clave en los momentos actuales en los que se pretende avanzar hacia un nuevo modelo de economía circular, que genera interés y preocupación en los ciudadanos y las Administraciones Públicas (AAPP). Por otro lado, la desconfianza hacia las instituciones públicas españolas como consecuencia de los múltiples casos de corrupción que han salpicado a nuestro país en los últimos tiempos, ha motivado que las políticas basadas en la transparencia y la apertura se conviertan en una herramienta clave para que las AAPP puedan recuperar la legitimidad perdida.Este trabajo presenta una propuesta para evaluar el nivel de transparencia municipal en la gestión de los RSU, a partir de un panel de 64 indicadores, distribuidos en 7 áreas de evaluación de distinta índole, legal, presupuestaria, infraestructuras, calidad de la información y actividades de recogida y tratamientos de los residuos municipales, a partir de la información publicada en las webs y los portales de transparencia de los 96 ayuntamientos españoles analizados.
Effect of Metatarsal Head Shape on the Development of Hallux Valgus Deformity: 10 Years of Natural Follow-up
Authors: Kanatli Ulunay , Unal Onur , Ataoglu Muhammet Baybars , Ayanoglu Tacettin , Ozer Mustafa , Cetinkaya Mehmet 
Published: July 2020

Background
We investigated the role of first metatarsal head shape in the etiology of hallux valgus. By pedobarographic analysis, we evaluated whether first metatarsal head shape causes an alteration in plantar pressure values that would result in metatarsalgia.

Methods
Referrals to our clinic for metatarsalgia, plantar fasciitis, and calcaneal spur were scanned retrospectively. Patients with severe hallux valgus, pes planus, gastrocnemius stiffness, generalized joint laxity, neuromuscular disease, or a history of lower-extremity orthopedic surgery were excluded. Sixty-two patients with plantar pressure assessment and radiographic evaluation were included. These patients were invited for reassessment after 10 years. Feet were divided into three groups by metatarsal head shape: round, square, and chevron. On anteroposterior radiographs, the hallux valgus and intermetatarsal angles, relative first metatarsal length, lateral sesamoid subluxation, and presence of bipartite sesamoid were noted. Plantar pressure was assessed with pedobarography.

Results
Feet with round-shaped first metatarsal heads had a statistically significantly greater progression in hallux valgus angle than the other shapes. Plantar pressures under the first, second and third, and fourth and fifth metatarsals increased with time. This can explain the mechanism of transfer metatarsalgia and painful callosities under the first metatarsal in hallux valgus. There was no correlation between hallux valgus angle, relative metatarsal length, and lateral sesamoid subluxation.

Conclusions
We found a strong relation between round-shaped first metatarsal head and hallux valgus angle progression. No patients had a risk factor responsible for hallux valgus. In other words, this study gives approximately 10-year natural history results in nearly normal feet.
Relationship between iron status markers and insulin resistance: an exploratory study in subjects with excess body weight
Authors: Vaquero M. Pilar , Martínez-Maqueda Daniel , Gallego-Narbón Angélica , Zapatera Belén , Pérez-Jiménez Jara 
Published: July 2020

Background
Controversy exists on the relationship between iron metabolism and cardiometabolic risk. The aim of this study was to determine if there is a link between dysmetabolic iron and cardiometabolic markers in subjects with excess body weight.

Methods
Cross-sectional study with fifty participants presenting overweight or obesity and at least another metabolic syndrome factor. Determinations: anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, lipids, glucose, insulin, leptin, areas under the curve (AUC) for glucose and insulin after an oral glucose tolerance test, hs-C reactive protein (hs-CRP), blood count, ferritin, transferrin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR). Gender-adjusted linear correlations and two independent samples t tests were used.

Results
Ferritin was positively correlated with insulin-AUC (r = 0.547, p = 0.008) and TSAT was negatively correlated with waist-hip ratio (r = − 0.385, p = 0.008), insulin (r = − 0.551, p < 0.001), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, r = − 0.586, p < 0.001). Subjects with TSAT ≤ 20% had higher insulin (p = 0.012) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.003) compared to those with TSAT > 20%. In conclusion, the observed results suggest that iron transport and storage are altered in subjects with overweight/obesity, at the same time that they exhibit the characteristic features of insulin resistance. Nevertheless, this occurs without iron overload or deficiency. These results should be validated in wider cohorts since they suggest that iron transport and storage should be assessed when performing the clinical evaluation of subjects with excess body weight.
Functional characterization of the chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation activity of human cytochrome P450 2E1 allelic variants in Han Chinese
Authors: Wang Ting , Du Huihui , Ma Jingsong , Shen Lu , Wei Muyun , Zhao Xianglong , Chen Luan , Li Mo , Li Guorong , Xing Qinghe , He Lin , Qin Shengying 
Published: July 2020

Backgrounds
Cytochrome P450 (P450) 2E1 is one of the primary enzymes responsible for the metabolism of xenobiotics, such as drugs and environmental carcinogens. The genetic polymorphisms of the CYP2E1 gene in promoter and coding regions have been identified previously in the Han Chinese population from four different geographic areas of Mainland China.

Methods
To investigate whether genetic variants identified in the CYP2E1 coding region affect enzyme function, the enzymes of four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in the coding region (novel c.1009C>T, causing p.Arg337X, where X represents the translational stop codon; c.227G>A, causing p.Arg76His; c.517G>A, yielding p.Gly173Ser; and c.1263C>T, presenting the highest allele frequency), two novel alleles (c.[227G>A;1263C>T] and c.[517G>A;1263C>T]), and the wild-type CYP2E1 were heterologously expressed in COS-7 cells and functionally characterized in terms of expression level and chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation activity. The impact of the CYP2E1 variant sequence on enzyme activity was predicted with three programs: Polyphen 2, PROVEAN and SIFT.

Results
The prematurely terminated p.Arg337X variant enzyme was undetectable by western blotting and inactive toward chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation. The c.1263C>T and c.[517G>A;1263C>T] variant enzymes exhibited properties similar to those of the wild-type CYP2E1. The CYP2E1 variants c.227G>A and c.[227G>A;1263C>T] displayed significantly reduced enzyme activity relative to that of the wild-type enzyme (decreased by 42.8% and 32.8%, respectively; P < 0.01). The chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation activity of the c.517G>A transfectant was increased by 31% compared with the wild-type CYP2E1 enzyme (P < 0.01). Positive correlations were observed between the protein content and enzyme activity for CYP2E1 (P = 0.0005, r2 = 0.8833). The characterization of enzyme function allelic variants in vitro was consistent with the potentially deleterious effect of the amino acid changes as determined by prediction tools.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1, i.e., c.1009C>T (p.Arg337X), c.227G>A (p.Arg76His), and c.517G>A (p.Gly173Ser), could influence the metabolism of CYP2E1 substrates, such as chlorzoxazone.
Development Method for Spectrophotometric Analysis of Sulfamethoxazole Using Vanilline Reagent
Authors: Mohammed Nidhal Sher , Sabha Theia'a N. Al- , Jabar Payman Abdul- 
Published: July 2020

This study involves a development method for spectrophotometric analysis of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) with vanillin reagent in acidic medium. The reaction mechanism was proposed by Schiff's base reaction of the amine group in SMZ with the carbonyl group in vanillin. The spectrum of SMZ complex showed high absorbance at 399.09 nm following the Beer–Lambert law in the concentration levels ranging from 5 to 80 µg.mL-1 with good sensitivity. The stability constant of the product was determined. The values of relative standard deviation (≤ 6.63) and recovery (> 98.73%) indicated a reasonably precise and accurate method with a good limit of detection and quantification. The present method was compared with other spectrophotometric methods in the literature. The procedure of the method showed to be simple since no need for temperature control and solvent extraction. The suggested method was used to determine of SMZ in commercial pharmaceutical drops and compared with the certified method.
Comparison of Serum Level of Bone Resorption Markers with Bone Densitometry in Elderly Individuals in Port Harcourt, Rivers State
Authors: Adekemi Kiyesi , Odum Ehimen Phyllis , Wakwe Victor Chukwuma 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: This study concentrated on serum bone markers, N and C- telopeptide and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and their concentrations were evaluated in the serum of elderly participants and compared with that of the young of the same gender. Markers for bone resorption are proteins, and they are mainly measured in the urine and serum, where they serve to assess bone turnover.
Methodology: A cross-sectional prospective study conducted at the orthopaedic and Family Medicine Departments of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, a public tertiary healthcare facility located in Choba and Alakahia communities of Obio/Akpor Local Government Areas of Rivers state, Nigeria, among elderly patients aged 60 years and above.
Results: Considering the age of the test population, all the females were post-menopausal and no statistical difference was observed in relation to the results for gender in the study. Also, the plasma creatinine, calcium and albumin results of both controls and participants were within normal reference range. The study was necessitated by the fact that, in the environment of the study (Port Harcourt), elderly individuals frequently complain of bone pain, thus, the serum levels of the aforementioned bone resorption markers (N and C telopeptide and tartrate resistant acid phosphatase) was estimated among these elderly individuals, with the view that its outcome can help physicians to initiate protocols that will prevent the consequences of increased bone resorption, intervenes before bone becomes fragile and aid the prediction of osteoporosis.
Conclusion: This study was able to establish that the serum levels of NTX, CTX and TRAP were increased in elderly participants above the age of sixty years than controls.
Factors Associated and Management of Functional Failure after External Dacryocystorhinostomy at Zonal Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Mashamba Daniel , Musheiguza Edwin , Makupa William 
Published: July 2020

Aims: To determine factors associated and management of functional failure after Dacryocystorhinostomy among patients attending the eye department at KCMC hospital Moshi Kilimanjaro, from January 2007 to July 2018.
Study Design: A retrospective cross-section hospital-based study.
Place and Duration of Study: Conducted at Eye Department Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Hospital, between August 2018 and August 2019.
Methodology: We recruited 184 patients who underwent external DCR surgery from January 2007 to July 2018. The analysis was done using STATA version 14. Chi-square was used to establish the difference in proportions across groups, multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the associated factors for functional failure. The 95% confidence intervals were constructed; associations were considered to be statistically significant when a P-value was less than 0.05.
Results: Out of 184 external DCR done, 37 (20.1%) had functional failure, 174 (94.6%) attained anatomical success while147 (79.9%) attained functional success. Fifty-one (27.4%) of cases had a primary function failure, of this 50% was managed by probing and irrigation. Functional failure was associated with postoperative complications (AOR=10.58 (95% CI: 2.24 - 49.88).
Conclusion: Functional failure after external Dacryocystorhinostomy was 20.1%, the anatomical success of external DCR was 94.6% and functional success was 79.9% in our study. The strongest associated factors for functional failure were a post-operative complication and increased age. Therefore, careful post-operative follow-up after DCR procedure should be emphasized to lacrimal surgeons. On the other hand, external DCR remains the surgical management options with good success.