bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Industry 4.0 in systems thinking: From a narrow to a broad spectrum
Authors: Oliveira Bruno Garcia , Liboni Lara Bartocci , Cezarino Luciana Oranges , Stefanelli Nelson Oliveira , Miura Irene Kazumi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIndustry 4.0 has been changing technological reality in manufacturing. The smart industry arises as a new pattern of digital systems, information technology and internet solutions. Impacts of Industry 4.0 are multifaceted and complex for all organizations and economies. Beyond changes, Industry 4.0 brings new organizational dynamics: less operational processes implying in new labour competences and more efficient results. From system thinking, it is possible to look at a transformation as a whole, and system perspective can propose a real understanding of impacts, allowing the development of strategies and policies that contemplate new needs and demands of this paradigm. By analysing interconnected dimensions, this work aims to discuss the relevance of systems thinking to an extensive look at the consequences of this industrial paradigm. As a result, a framework of main impacts and relations of Industry 4.0 by systems thinking was developed.
Implementing Patient‐Centred Behavioural Health Integration into Primary Care Using Model‐Based Systems Engineering
Authors: Khayal Inas S. , McGovern Mark P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPsychiatric and substance use disorders, such as depression and/or opioid use disorders, are categorized as behavioural health conditions. In the United States, approximately one in four adults suffers from a behavioural health condition in any given year. These conditions are prevalent and costly. The current delivery of behavioural health services follows a primary to specialty referral practice, which has led to poor treatment initiation outcomes. These poor outcomes stem from a care delivery model that does not fully cater to the needs of patients. Patients prefer to receive both physical and mental health care within a single primary care setting. In response, healthcare delivery systems developed clinical models and approaches for behavioural health integration into primary care. These clinical models portray a sense of integration. However, these clinical models lack the necessary detail to describe the key components of a system and instead focus heavily on describing the system's physical form. By doing so, clinical models lack the ability to incorporate a broader range of patient needs and the details to describe a system to ensure it produces its intended outcomes. These limitations lead to variations in implementation success. Systematic approaches, including the development of system models, have been used to describe and develop complex systems. In this paper, we detail the design considerations for a patient‐centred system model and describe its utilization in an implementation of a patient‐centered behavioural health integration into primary care.
Magnetic iron oxide nanomaterials: A key player in cancer nanomedicine
Authors: Liang Chen , Zhang Xinglin , Cheng Zijin , Yang Mengsu , Huang Wei , Dong Xiaochen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMagnetic iron oxide nanomaterials are among the most widely studied candidates for cancer nanomedicine, because of not only their great biocompatibility and abundance of raw materials, but also their diverse physicochemical properties and biological effects. Represented by magnetite and maghemite, various iron oxide‐based magnetic nanomaterials have been developed for cancer diagnosis and treatment. This mini review presents an up‐to‐date overview of magnetic iron oxide‐based cancer nanomedicines with an emphasis on bioimaging and therapy.
Investigating invertebrate biodiversity around large wood: taxonomic vs functional metrics
Authors: Magliozzi Chiara , Meyer Albin , Usseglio-Polatera Philippe , Robertson Anne , Grabowski Robert C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLarge wood is a key component of river channels that affects numerous hydrological, physical and geomorphological processes. It promotes a diversity of benthic habitats in-channel and has shown to support more abundant and diverse benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in previous ecological studies. However, the effects of large wood on the structural and functional diversities of hyporheic invertebrates are less well studied, and simultaneous examination of these diversity metrics on hyporheic and benthic compartments of the stream bed has not been conducted previously. Therefore, this study investigates the taxonomic and functional diversities of hyporheic and benthic invertebrate assemblages around natural accumulations of large wood in a British lowland river. Taxonomic and functional diversities were partitioned (into alpha, beta, and gamma diversities) and examined in reaches with and without large wood (control). We found that functional diversity is often decoupled from taxonomic diversity, demonstrating a functional redundancy of the macroinvertebrate assemblage for both hyporheic and benthic zones. Moreover, the highest functional variability at alpha-scale was observed in large wood habitats, which suggests that taxonomic diversity is enhanced by the small-scale environmental heterogeneity around large wood. To this end, this study contributes empirical evidence of functional and structural responses of invertebrates to large wood accumulation. Such information could be used to better understand the ecological implications of restoration works in lowland rivers and guide more effective management strategies.
Tap dancers in the wild: field observations of multimodal courtship displays in socially monogamous songbirds
Authors: Ota Nao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMultimodal signaling systems are shaped not only by a signaler’s physical abilities but also by external factors such as the position of signal receivers and the properties of the medium through which the signals are transmitted. To fully understand the evolution and function of multimodal communication, it is essential to investigate the behavior in the wild. Here, I present evidence that socially monogamous songbirds perform complex courtship displays that can produce multimodal and multicomponent signals in wild conditions. Cordon-bleus (Uraeginthus spp.) are socially monogamous songbirds from East Africa. Both sexes of cordon-bleus perform multimodal courtship displays by holding a piece of nest material, bobbing up and down, and singing. My previous laboratory study using high-speed video cameras revealed that courtship bobbing includes multiple rapid steps similar to human tap-dancing, which presumably contributes to producing non-vocal sounds and/or vibrations in addition to visual signals. As a result of field observation and behavioral analysis, I found that wild cordon-bleus perform tap-dance like displays just as captive cordon-bleus. I also observed that wild cordon-bleus produced non-vocal sounds and shook branches during courtship, which can contribute to multimodal signal production (i.e., visual, acoustic, and vibrational signals). My findings imply that the courtship displays of cordon-bleus are an ideal candidate for investigating the role and function of multimodal communication in animals, and demonstrate the importance of further quantitative studies in both laboratory and field.
Scanning electrochemical microscopy and its potential for studying biofilms and antimicrobial coatings
Authors: Caniglia Giada , Kranz Christine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBiofilms are known to be well-organized microbial communities embedded in an extracellular polymeric matrix, which supplies bacterial protection against external stressors. Biofilms are widespread and diverse, and despite the considerable large number of publications and efforts reported regarding composition, structure and cell-to-cell communication within biofilms in the last decades, the mechanisms of biofilm formation, the interaction and communication between bacteria are still not fully understood. This knowledge is required to understand why biofilms form and how we can combat them or how we can take advantage of these sessile communities, e.g. in biofuel cells. Therefore, in situ and real-time monitoring of nutrients, metabolites and quorum sensing molecules is of high importance, which may help to fill that knowledge gap. This review focuses on the potential of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) as a versatile method for in situ studies providing temporal and lateral resolution in order to elucidate cell-to-cell communication, microbial metabolism and antimicrobial impact, e.g. of antimicrobial coatings through the study of electrochemical active molecules. Given the complexity and diversity of biofilms, challenges and limitations will be also discussed.
The Geometry of the Space of BPS Vortex–Antivortex Pairs
Authors: Romão N. M. , Speight J. M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe gauged sigma model with target$${\mathbb {P}}^1$$P1, defined on a Riemann surface$$\Sigma $$Σ, supports static solutions in which$$k_{+}$$k+vortices coexist in stable equilibrium with$$k_{-}$$k-antivortices. Their moduli space is a noncompact complex manifold$${\textsf {M}}_{(k_{+},k_{-})}(\Sigma )$$M(k+,k-)(Σ)of dimension$$k_{+}+k_{-}$$k++k-which inherits a natural Kähler metric$$g_{L^2}$$gL2governing the model’s low energy dynamics. This paper presents the first detailed study of$$g_{L^2}$$gL2, focussing on the geometry close to the boundary divisor$$D=\partial \, {\textsf {M}}_{(k_{+},k_{-})}(\Sigma )$$D=∂M(k+,k-)(Σ). On$$\Sigma =S^2$$Σ=S2, rigorous estimates of$$g_{L^2}$$gL2close toDare obtained which imply that$${\textsf {M}}_{(1,1)}(S^2)$$M(1,1)(S2)has finite volume and is geodesically incomplete. On$$\Sigma ={\mathbb {R}}^2$$Σ=R2, careful numerical analysis and a point-vortex formalism are used to conjecture asymptotic formulae for$$g_{L^2}$$gL2in the limits of small and large separation. All these results make use of a localization formula, expressing$$g_{L^2}$$gL2in terms of data at the (anti)vortex positions, which is established for general$${\textsf {M}}_{(k_{+},k_{-})}(\Sigma )$$M(k+,k-)(Σ). For arbitrary compact$$\Sigma $$Σ, a natural compactification of the space$${{\textsf {M}}}_{(k_{+},k_{-})}(\Sigma )$$M(k+,k-)(Σ)is proposed in terms of a certain limit of gauged linear sigma models, leading to formulae for its volume and total scalar curvature. The volume formula agrees with the result established for$$\mathrm{Vol}(\mathsf{M}_{(1,1)}(S^2))$$Vol(M(1,1)(S2)), and allows for a detailed study of the thermodynamics of vortex-antivortex gas mixtures. It is found that the equation of state is independent of the genus of$$\Sigma $$Σ, and that the entropy of mixing is always positive.
Internal Fixation Method Using EZ-Tcon for
Transconjunctival Fat Repositioning: Clinical Outcomes and Efficacy
Authors: Chang Cheol Ho , Bae Juyoung , Cha Myung Kyu , Bang Sa Ik , Lee Kyeong-Tae 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Transconjunctival fat repositioning is the gold standard for the
correction of tear trough deformity. For fixation of fat pedicle, the internal
fixation (IF) and externalized percutaneous suture (EPS) techniques are used, which
have their own advantages and disadvantages. The present study aimed to introduce a
new IF technique using a devised needle (EZ-Tcon) and to compare its outcomes with
those of the conventional EPS technique.

Methods
Patients with primary tear trough deformity who underwent
transconjunctival fat repositioning were reviewed and categorized into two cohorts
according to the fixation technique: cohort 1 consisted of patients treated using the
conventional EPS technique and cohort 2 consisted of those in whom the new IF
technique using EZ-Tcon was adopted. Post-operative complications and aesthetic
outcomes were assessed using a four-scale grading system.

Results
A total of 545 patients, 211 from cohort 1 and 344 from cohort 2 were
evaluated with a median follow-up of 70 days. Compared to cohort 1, cohort 2 showed
significantly lower rates of long-standing conspicuous scars on lower eyelid,
re-operation and overall complications. In the analysis of aesthetic outcomes, 88.9
percent of cohort 2 showed grade 0 (no deformity) or I (mild deformity)
post-operatively. The rate of excellent outcomes (improvements of ≥ two grades) was
significantly higher in cohort 2 than in cohort 1 (p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our technique using EZ-Tcon could possess advantages of the conventional
IF and EPS techniques, showing lower complication rates and aesthetically
satisfactory outcomes, and could be a safe and reliable method of transconjunctival
fat repositioning.

Level of Evidence IV
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assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these
Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online
Instructions to Authors
www.springer.com/00266.
The past determines the future: sugar source history and transcriptional memory
Authors: Bheda Poonam , Kirmizis Antonis , Schneider Robert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTranscriptional reinduction memory is a phenomenon whereby cells “remember” their transcriptional response to a previous stimulus such that subsequent encounters with the same stimulus can result in altered gene expression kinetics. Chromatin structure is thought to play a role in certain transcriptional memory mechanisms, leading to questions as to whether and how memory can be actively maintained and inherited to progeny through cell division. Here we summarize efforts towards dissecting chromatin-based transcriptional memory inheritance of GAL genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We focus on methods and analyses of GAL (as well as MAL and INO) memory in single cells and discuss the challenges in unraveling the underlying mechanisms in yeast and higher eukaryotes.
Validation of the revised 2018 AAST-OIS classification and the CT severity index for prediction of operative management and survival in patients with blunt spleen and liver injuries
Authors: Morell-Hofert Dagmar , Primavesi Florian , Fodor Margot , Gassner Eva , Kranebitter Veronika , Braunwarth Eva , Haselbacher Matthias , Nitsche Ulrich Peter , Schmid Stefan , Blauth Michael , Öfner Dietmar , Stättner Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesNon-operative management (NOM) is increasingly utilised in blunt abdominal trauma. The 1994 American Association of Surgery of Trauma grading (1994-AAST) is applied for clinical decision-making in many institutions. Recently, classifications incorporating contrast extravasation such as the CT severity index (CTSI) and 2018 update of the liver and spleen AAST were proposed to predict outcome and guide treatment, but validation is pending.MethodsCT images of patients admitted 2000–2016 with blunt splenic and hepatic injury were systematically re-evaluated for 1994/2018-AAST and CTSI grading. Diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and positive and negative predictive values were calculated for prediction of in-hospital mortality. Correlation with treatment strategy was assessed by Cramer V statistics.ResultsSeven hundred and three patients were analysed, 271 with splenic, 352 with hepatic and 80 with hepatosplenic injury. Primary NOM was applied in 83% of patients; mortality was 4.8%. Comparing prediction of mortality in mild and severe splenic injuries, the CTSI (3.1% vs. 10.3%; diagnostic accuracy = 75.4%; DOR = 3.66;p = 0.006) and 1994-AAST (3.3% vs. 10.5%; diagnostic accuracy = 77.9%; DOR = 3.45;p = 0.010) were more accurate compared with the 2018-AAST (3.4% vs. 8%; diagnostic accuracy = 68.2%; DOR = 2.50;p = 0.059). In hepatic injuries, the CTSI was superior to both AAST classifications in terms of diagnostic accuracy (88.7% vs. 77.1% and 77.3%, respectively). CTSI and 2018-AAST correlated better with the need for surgery in severe vs. mild hepatic (Cramer V = 0.464 and 0.498) and splenic injuries (Cramer V = 0.273 and 0.293) compared with 1994-AAST (Cramer V = 0.389 and 0.255; allp < 0.001).ConclusionsThe 2018-AAST and CTSI are superior to the 1994-AAST in correlation with operative treatment in splenic and hepatic trauma. The CTSI outperforms the 2018-AAST in mortality prediction.Key Points• Non-operative management of blunt abdominal trauma is increasingly applied and correct patient stratification is crucial.• CT-based scoring systems are used to assess injury severity and guide clinical decision-making, whereby the 1994 version of the American Association of Surgery of Trauma Organ Injury Scale (AAST-OIS) is currently most commonly utilised.• Including contrast media extravasation in CT-based grading improves management and outcome prediction. While the 2018-AAST classification and the CT-severity-index (CTSI) better correlate with need for surgery compared to the 1994-AAST, the CTSI is superior in outcome-prediction to the 2018-AAST.
Frontal–striatal connectivity and positive symptoms of schizophrenia: implications for the mechanistic basis of prefrontal rTMS
Authors: Limongi Roberto , Mackinley Michael , Dempster Kara , Khan Ali R. , Gati Joseph S. , Palaniyappan Lena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), when applied to left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (LDLPFC), reduces negative symptoms of schizophrenia, but has no effect on positive symptoms. In a small number of cases, it appears to worsen the severity of positive symptoms. It has been hypothesized that high-frequency rTMS of the LDLPFC might increase the dopaminergic neurotransmission by driving the activity of the left striatum in the basal ganglia (LSTR)—increasing striatal dopaminergic activity. This hypothesis relies on the assumption that either the frontal–striatal connection or the intrinsic frontal and/or striatal connections covary with the severity of positive symptoms. The current work aimed to evaluate this assumption by studying the association between positive and negative symptoms severity and the effective connectivity within the frontal and striatal network using dynamic causal modeling of resting state fMRI in a sample of 19 first episode psychosis subjects. We found that the total score of positive symptoms of schizophrenia is strongly associated with the frontostriatal circuitry. Stronger intrinsic inhibitory tone of LDLPFC and LSTR, as well as decreased bidirectional excitatory influence between the LDLPFC and the LSTR is related to the severity of positive symptoms, especially delusions. We interpret that an increase in striatal dopaminergic tone that underlies positive symptoms is likely associated with increased prefrontal inhibitory tone, strengthening the frontostriatal ‘brake’. Furthermore, based on our model, we propose that lessening of positive symptoms could be achieved by means of continuous theta-burst or low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS of the prefrontal area.
Lymph node involvement by enteropathy-like indolent NK-cell proliferation
Authors: Dargent Jean-Louis , Tinton Nicolas , Trimech Mounir , de Leval Laurence 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNatural killer (NK)-cell enteropathy (NKCE) and lymphomatoid gastropathy (LG) are closely related lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) composed of mature and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-negative NK-cells. Although these uncommon and indolent lymphoid proliferations mostly arise within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as their designations implies, a few cases have been reported outside the GI tract. We hereby describe a unique case of lymph node infiltration by such EBV-negative NK-cell proliferation fortuitously found during routine examination of a gallbladder resected for biliary lithiasis. The histologic, phenotypic, and molecular features of this NK-cell proliferation, which were very similar if not identical to those previously reported in NKCE or LG, suggest that similar indolent EBV-negative NK-cell LPDs may also occasionally involve lymph nodes.
Orofacial skin inflammation increases the number of macrophages in the maxillary subregion of the rat trigeminal ganglion in a corticosteroid-reversible manner
Authors: Legradi Adam , Dulka Karolina , Jancsó Gábor , Gulya Karoly 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInflammation of the cutaneous orofacial tissue can lead to a prolonged alteration of neuronal and nonneuronal cellular functions in trigeminal nociceptive pathways. In this study, we investigated the effects of experimentally induced skin inflammation by dithranol (anthralin) on macrophage activation in the rat trigeminal ganglion. Tissue localization and protein expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), a macrophage/microglia-specific marker, and proliferation/mitotic marker antigen identified by the monoclonal antibody Ki67 (Ki67), were quantitatively analyzed using immunohistochemistry and western blots in control, dithranol-treated, dithranol- and corticosteroid-treated, and corticosteroid-treated trigeminal ganglia. Chronic orofacial dithranol treatment elicited a strong pro-inflammatory effect in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion. Indeed, daily dithranol treatment of the orofacial skin for 3–5 days increased the number of macrophages and Iba1 protein expression in the maxillary subregion of the ipsilateral ganglion. In the affected ganglia, none of the Iba1-positive cells expressed Ki67. This absence of mitotically active cells suggested that the accumulation of macrophages in the ganglion was not the result of resident microglia proliferation but rather the extravasation of hematogenous monocytes from the periphery. Subsequently, when a 5-day-long anti-inflammatory corticosteroid therapy was employed on the previously dithranol-treated orofacial skin, Iba1 immunoreactivity was substantially reduced in the ipsilateral ganglion. Collectively, our findings indicate that both peripheral inflammation and subsequent anti-inflammatory therapy affect macrophage activity and thus interfere with the functioning of the affected sensory ganglion neurons.
Groundwater circulation and earthquake-related changes in hydrogeological karst environments: a case study of the Sibillini Mountains (central Italy) involving artificial tracers
Authors: Nanni T. , Vivalda P. M. , Palpacelli S. , Marcellini M. , Tazioli A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUsing artificial tracer tests, this study confirms the presence of a single basal aquifer feeding the springs in the wide and complex hydrogeological boundary of the Sibillini Mountains of central Italy. The tracer was introduced into the sinkhole of the Castelluccio di Norcia plain. The tracer test results, observed at the studied springs, highlight the changes induced by the 2016/2017 earthquake in the water circulation of the aquifer system. In particular, the seismic events increased the hydraulic conductivity of the basal aquifer, with a consequent increase in the springs’ flow rates at the western hydrogeological boundary and a decrease in the flow rates at the eastern Adriatic hydrogeological boundary. This phenomenon is in accordance with the hydro-structural framework of the area. The study also investigated the relation between groundwater circulation and tracer behaviour in the springs during the pre- and post-earthquake periods. The tracer test results led to the formulation of hypotheses about water circulation of the area. The trend of the tracer breakthrough curves demonstrates that the upper portion of the basal aquifer is characterised by fast water circulation similar to that in the epiphreatic area of karst aquifers, while a slow circulation due to fissures with interconnected drains occurs in the deepest portion of the aquifers. The obtained results highlight how tectonics and karst can affect the hydrogeological setting of the Apennine carbonate chain; in particular, the seismicity of central Italy may alter groundwater circulation for a long period of time when great magnitude earthquakes occur.