bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous stem cell transplant for high‐risk neuroblastoma: Achieving cure with low‐cost adaptations
Authors: Jain Richa , Hans Rekha , Totadri Sidharth , Trehan Amita , Sharma Ratti Ram , Menon Prema , Kapoor Rakesh , Saxena Akshay Kumar , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Bhatia Prateek , Kakkar Nandita , Srinivasan Radhika , Rajwanshi Arvind , Varma Neelam , Samujh Ram , Marwaha Neelam , Bansal Deepak 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground The majority of patients in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC) are unable to receive optimal therapy, including autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) for high‐risk neuroblastoma. Management is intensive and multidisciplinary; survival is often poor. We report a single‐center outcome of high‐risk neuroblastoma, with adaptations optimized for LMIC.Procedure The study was retrospective. Patients were treated on the backbone of the high‐risk neuroblastoma study‐1 of SIOP‐Europe (HR‐NBL1/SIOPEN) protocol with ASCT. Adaptations incorporated to decrease cost, requirement for inpatient admission, infections, and faster engraftment included (a) optional outpatient administration for rapid‐COJEC, (b) two sessions of stem‐cell apheresis, (c) storing stem cells at 2‐6°C without cryopreservation for up to 7 days, (d) no central lines, (e) no antibacterial/antifungal/antiviral prophylaxis, (f) omitting formal assessment of cardiac/renal/pulmonary functions before ASCT, and (g) administration of pegylated granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor on Day +4.Results Over 5 years 9 months, 35 patients with high‐risk neuroblastoma were treated. Rapid‐COJEC was administered over a median duration of 80 days (interquartile range: 77, 83). Conditioning regimen included melphalan (n = 7), oral busulfan‐melphalan (Bu/Mel; n = 6), or intravenous Bu/Mel (n = 22). The median viability of stem cells stored for 6 days (n = 28) was 93% (range: 88‐99). Two (5.7%) patients had ASCT‐related mortality. The 3‐year overall and event‐free survival was 41% and 39%, respectively. A relapse occurred in 20 (57%) patients. Treatment abandonment was observed in one (3%) patient.Conclusions Administration of therapy in a disciplined time frame along with low‐cost adaptations enables to manage high‐risk neuroblastoma with low abandonment and an encouraging survival in LMIC. Stem cells can be stored safely without cryopreservation for up to 7 days.
Bicarbazole‐based oxalates as photoinitiating systems for photopolymerization under UV–Vis LEDs
Authors: Zhou Ruchun , Jin Ming , Malval Jean‐Pierre , Pan Haiyan , Wan Decheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhotoinitiators are critical to initiate chain reactions in photopolymerization. For such applications, the absorption of photoinitiator must be compatible with the emission of light sources and enables the fast manufacturing of three‐dimensional network or structures. Light‐emitting diode (LED) is a new kind of energy‐saving and environmental protection light source, exhibiting a substantial response in the near UV and visible range to replace the traditional mercury lamp and other light sources in photopolymerization. Here, we introduce methyl oxalate into bicarbazole chromophore (BiCz). By variation of the single or double substituents in the BiCz, we demonstrate that the absorption spectra can be adjusted and redshift to visible range and show good absorption in the near UV and visible range (365–475 nm). We explore their photochemistry based on experimental results and theoretical calculations and the mechanism of photoreactions have been verified. The super photostability by themselves and good hydrogen abstraction ability from amine co‐initiator make them as excellent near UV and visible light active photoinitiators. Critically, the photoinitiation of the free‐radical polymerization of acrylate monomers with low content (0.1% concentration) upon LED irradiation at 365–475 nm, exhibits excellent application potential in light curing and other fields.
Isotopic discrimination between carrion and elytra clippings of lab‐reared American burying beetles (Nicrophorus americanus): Implications for conservation and evaluation of feeding relationships in the wild
Authors: Quinby Brandon M. , Feldman Noah S. , Flaherty Elizabeth A. , Belk Mark C. , Smith Amy D.F. , Creighton J. Curtis 
Published: March 2020

RationaleDifferences in stable isotope composition between an animal and its diet are quantified by experimentally derived diet‐tissue discrimination factors. Appropriate discrimination factors between consumers and prey are essential for interpreting stable isotope patterns in ecological studies. While available for many taxa, these values are rarely estimated for organisms within the carrion food web.MethodsWe used a controlled‐diet stable isotope feeding trial to quantify isotopic diet‐tissue discrimination factors of carbon (δ13C values) and nitrogen (δ15N values) from laboratory‐reared Nicrophorus americanus raised on carrion. We used exoskeleton samples of beetle elytra (wing covers) to determine diet‐tissue discrimination factors using a continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer equipped with an elemental analyzer. We also measured the isotopic compositions of five species of co‐occurring, wild‐caught burying beetles and evaluated feeding relationships.ResultsWe found differences in stable carbon discrimination between carrion sources (mammalian and avian) and lab‐reared beetles, but no difference in stable nitrogen discrimination. Values for δ13C did not differ among wild‐caught burying beetle species, but values for δ15N were significantly different for the three species with overlapping breeding seasons. Furthermore, wild‐caught burying beetles within our study area do not appear to use avian carrion resources to rear their young.ConclusionsThis study informs future interpretation of stable isotope data for insects within the carrion food web. In addition, these results provide insight into carrion resources used by co‐occurring burying beetle species in situ. We also demonstrated that independent of adult food type, the larval food source has a significant impact on the isotopic signatures of adult beetles, which can be estimated using a minimally invasive elytra clipping.
Observer‐based leaderless and leader‐following consensus for multiagent systems: A modified integral‐type event‐triggered design
Authors: Wu Xihui , Mu Xiaowu 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis article aims to solve leaderless and leader‐following consensus problems for general linear systems by integral‐type event‐triggered control method. Different from the existing integral‐type event‐triggered controllers for multiagent systems (MASs), a modified distributed integral‐type event‐triggered scheme is designed via defining a measurement error without continuous communication. Then, distributed event‐triggered protocols are proposed for MASs to achieve the leaderless and leader‐following consensus. Moreover, for the case that all the agents' states are not available, distributed observers are given to estimate the full states. Meanwhile, leaderless and leader‐following consensus problems are investigated based on the observer‐based event‐triggered schemes. In addition, no agent will exhibit Zeno behavior. Finally, simulations are given to verify the effectiveness of our results.
Proposal of an equivalent linearization method to predict seismic hysteretic energy demand considering stiffness degradation effects
Authors: Samimifar Maryam , Massumi Ali , S. Moghadam Abdolreza 
Published: March 2020

SummaryTo overcome complexities and shortcomings of previous studies, a new method is proposed to derive an equivalent linear model for predicting seismic hysteretic energy demand of bilinear single degree of freedom (SDOF) models. A new displacement spectrum is defined, which represents hysteretic energy. It is found that by increasing initial period and damping of a nonlinear system in the correct proportion and defining a linear model with these characteristics, the new developed displacement can be achieved. Error minimization is applied through an algorithm to find the optimum equivalent period corresponding to an equivalent damping utilizing two sets of far‐field and near‐field earthquakes. To analyze the effects of stiffness degradation, the proposed algorithm has been implemented on modified Clough hysteretic model as well. Comparing the results, effects of stiffness degradation on the ratio of equivalent to initial period is evident in the short period range, while with increasing initial period, the effect can almost be neglected at higher values of ductility. Nonlinear regression analysis is carried out to provide the equations for predicting equivalent linear parameters as a function of ductility. Despite the previous predictive equations, the proposed model is independent of earthquake characteristics and response‐related parameters, which has increased efficiency as well as simplicity.
Improved hybrid de novo genome assembly and annotation of African wild rice, Oryza longistaminata, from Illumina and PacBio sequencing reads
Authors: Li Wei , Li Kui , Zhang Qun‐jie , Zhu Ting , Zhang Yun , Shi Cong , Liu Yun‐long , Xia En‐hua , Jiang Jian‐jun , Shi Chao , Zhang Li‐ping , Huang Hui , Tong Yan , Liu Yuan , Zhang Dan , Zhao Yuan , Jiang Wen‐kai , Zhao You‐jie , Mao Shu‐yan , Jiao Jun‐ying , Xu Ping‐zhen , Yang Li‐li , Yin Guo‐ying , Gao Li‐zhi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAfrican wild rice Oryza longistaminata, one of the eight AA‐ genome species in the genus Oryza, possesses highly valued traits, such as the rhizomatousness for perennial rice breeding, strong tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and high biomass production on poor soils. To obtain the high‐quality reference genome for O. longistaminata we employed a hybrid assembly approach through incorporating Illumina and PacBio sequencing datasets. The final genome assembly comprised only 107 scaffolds and was approximately ∼363.5 Mb, representing ∼92.7% of the estimated African wild rice genome (∼392 Mb). The N50 lengths of the assembled contigs and scaffolds were ∼46.49 Kb and ∼6.83 Mb, indicating ∼3.72‐fold and ∼18.8‐fold improvement in length compared to the earlier released assembly (∼12.5 Kb and 364 Kb, respectively). Aided with Hi‐C data and syntenic relationship with O. sativa, these assembled scaffolds were anchored into 12 pseudo‐chromosomes. Genome annotation and comparative genomic analysis reveal that lineage‐specific expansion of gene families that respond to biotic‐ and abiotic stresses are of great potential for mining novel alleles to overcome major diseases and abiotic adaptation in rice breeding programs. This reference genome of African wild rice will greatly enlarge the existing database of rice genome resources and unquestionably form a solid base to understand genomic basis underlying highly valued phenotypic traits and search for novel gene sources in O. longistaminata for the future rice breeding programs.
Nonparametric covariance estimation with shrinkage toward stationary models
Authors: Blake Tayler A. , Lee Yoonkyung 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEstimation of an unstructured covariance matrix is difficult because of the challenges posed by parameter space dimensionality and the positive‐definiteness constraint that estimates should satisfy. We consider a general nonparametric covariance estimation framework for longitudinal data using the Cholesky decomposition of a positive‐definite matrix. The covariance matrix of time‐ordered measurements is diagonalized by a lower triangular matrix with unconstrained entries that are statistically interpretable as parameters for a varying coefficient autoregressive model. Using this dual interpretation of the Cholesky decomposition and allowing for irregular sampling time points, we treat covariance estimation as bivariate smoothing and cast it in a regularization framework for desired forms of simplicity in covariance models. Viewing stationarity as a form of simplicity or parsimony in covariance, we model the varying coefficient function with components depending on time lag and its orthogonal direction separately and penalize the components that capture the nonstationarity in the fitted function. We demonstrate construction of a covariance estimator using the smoothing spline framework. Simulation studies establish the advantage of our approach over alternative estimators proposed in the longitudinal data setting. We analyze a longitudinal dataset to illustrate application of the methodology and compare our estimates to those resulting from alternative models.This article is categorized under:
Data: Types and Structure > Time Series, Stochastic Processes, and Functional Data
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Nonparametric Methods
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Maximum Likelihood Methods
Multi-component scalar dark matter from a ZN symmetry: a systematic analysis
Authors: Yaguna Carlos E. , Zapata Óscar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The dark matter may consist not of one elementary particle but of different species, each of them contributing a fraction of the observed dark matter density. A major theoretical difficulty with this scenario — dubbed multi-component dark matter — is to explain the stability of these distinct particles. Imposing a single ZN symmetry, which may be a remnant of a spontaneously broken U(1) gauge symmetry, seems to be the simplest way to simultaneously stabilize several dark matter particles. In this paper we systematically study scenarios for multi-component dark matter based on various ZN symmetries (N ≤ 10) and with different sets of scalar fields charged under it. A generic feature of these scenarios is that the number of stable particles is not determined by the Lagrangian but depends on the relations among the masses of the different fields charged under the ZN symmetry. We explicitly obtain and illustrate the regions of parameter space that are consistent with up to five dark matter particles. For N odd, all these particles turn out to be complex, whereas for N even one of them may be real. Within this framework, many new models for multi-component dark matter can be implemented.
A core outcome set for studies of gestational diabetes mellitus prevention and treatment
Authors:   the INSPIRED research group, Egan Aoife M. , Bogdanet Delia , Griffin Tomás P. , Kgosidialwa Oratile , Cervar-Zivkovic Mila , Dempsey Eugene , Allotey John , Alvarado Fernanda , Clarson Cheril , Cooray Shamil D. , de Valk Harold W. , Galjaard Sander , Loeken Mary R. , Maresh Michael J. A. , Napoli Angela , O’Shea Paula M. , Wender-Ozegowska Ewa , van Poppel Mireille N. M. , Thangaratinam Shakila , Crowther Caroline , Biesty Linda M. , Devane Declan , Dunne Fidelma P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The aim of this systematic review was to develop core outcome sets (COSs) for trials evaluating interventions for the prevention or treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods
We identified previously reported outcomes through a systematic review of the literature. These outcomes were presented to key stakeholders (including patient representatives, researchers and clinicians) for prioritisation using a three-round, e-Delphi study. A priori consensus criteria informed which outcomes were brought forward for discussion at a face-to-face consensus meeting where the COS was finalised.

Results
Our review identified 74 GDM prevention and 116 GDM treatment outcomes, which were presented to stakeholders in round 1 of the e-Delphi study. Round 1 was completed by 173 stakeholders, 70% (121/173) of whom went on to complete round 2; 84% (102/121) of round 2 responders completed round 3. Twenty-two GDM prevention outcomes and 30 GDM treatment outcomes were discussed at the consensus meeting. Owing to significant overlap between included prevention and treatment outcomes, consensus meeting stakeholders agreed to develop a single prevention/treatment COS. Fourteen outcomes were included in the final COS. These consisted of six maternal outcomes (GDM diagnosis, adherence to the intervention, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, requirement and type of pharmacological therapy for hyperglycaemia, gestational weight gain and mode of birth) and eight neonatal outcomes (birthweight, large for gestational age, small for gestational age, gestational age at birth, preterm birth, neonatal hypoglycaemia, neonatal death and stillbirth).

Conclusions/interpretation
This COS will enable future GDM prevention and treatment trials to measure similar outcomes that matter to stakeholders and facilitate comparison and combination of these studies.

Trial registration
This study was registered prospectively with the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) database: http://www.comet-initiative.org/studies/details/686/
Tetralogy of Fallot Will be Treated Interventionally Within Two Decades
Authors: Rahmath Muhammed Riyas K. , Boudjemline Younes 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTetralogy of Fallot is considered a prototype congenital heart disease because of its embryological, anatomical, pathophysiological, and management aspects. Current management usually relies on a complete surgical repair that is electively performed between 3 and 6 months of age. With the advances of interventional cardiology especially in the fields of ventricular septal defect closure, stent, and pulmonary valve replacement, the question of complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot by interventional means can be discussed. Tetralogy of Fallot is a complex disease with multiple lesions, all individually amenable to transcatheter treatment. In this article, we will review current status of various aspects of tetralogy of Fallot focusing on interventional aspects, giving insights of what would be the ideal platform of a fully interventional repair.
The antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects of a copper-loaded zinc oxide phosphate cement
Authors: Wassmann Torsten , Schubert Andrea , Malinski Felix , Rosentritt Martin , Krohn Sebastian , Techmer Kirsten , Bürgers Ralf 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Evidence about modifications of dental luting materials to minimize biological failure at the “marginal gap” between teeth and fixed prosthodontics is scarce. We compared a copper-modified (Co-ZOP) and a conventional zinc oxide phosphate cement (ZOP) in terms of antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials in vitro and in vivo.

Materials and methods
Specimens of ZOP and Co-ZOP were characterized by the mean arithmetic roughness (Ra) and surface free energy (SFE). Powder components were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) showed elemental material compositions. In vitro microbial adhesion was shown using SEM, luminescence, and fluorescence assays. CCK-8 assays of mouse fibroblasts (L929) and human gingival fibroblasts (GF-1) were performed after 6, 24, and 48 h of specimen incubation. In vivo, ZOP and Co-ZOP specimens were applied intraorally for 12 h; biofilm accumulation was shown using SEM.

Results
Ra of ZOP and Co-ZOP showed no significant differences; SFE was significantly higher for Co-ZOP. EDX exhibited minor copper radiation for Co-ZOP, none for ZOP. In vitro fungal adhesion to Co-ZOP was significantly higher than to ZOP; in vitro streptococcal adhesion, cytotoxicity, and in vivo biofilm formation were not significantly different.

Conclusions
Co-ZOP showed low surface allocations of copper with no improved antimicrobial properties compared with conventional ZOP in vitro or in vivo.

Clinical relevance
Antimicrobial effects and low cytotoxicity of biomaterials are important for the clinical outcome. Based on our in vitro and in vivo results, no clinical recommendation can be given for the tested Co-ZOP.
A decade of reconstructive surgery: outcome and perspectives of free tissue transfer in the head and neck. Experience of a single center institution
Authors: Spoerl Steffen , Schoedel Shlomo , Spanier Gerrit , Mueller Karolina , Meier Johannes K. , Reichert Torsten E. , Ettl Tobias 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Free flaps have become the standard option in reconstructive surgery of the head and neck. Even though many authors have outlined the reliability of free transplants, there is an ongoing discussion about treatment options for patients bearing particular risks as previous irradiation treatment. In this analysis, we aim to address these patients with particular risk profiles by comparing different flap entity outcome parameters.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 494 patients who underwent flap surgery between 2009 and 2018 in our department. Focusing on free microvascular transplants, we additionally analyzed the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap as the most frequently used vascular pedicled flap. Data analysis was performed by uni- and multivariate statistics.

Results
Overall flap success rate was 90%, with the radial forearm flap occurring to be most reliable (93%) in head and neck reconstruction. Previous radiation therapy (RT) and intraoperative revision of vascular anastomosis during primary surgery significantly resulted in impaired transplant outcome with a success rate of 91.8% (no RT) vs. 83.7% (RT), respectively. There was a negative linear correlation between incision to suture time and number of flaps per year (R2 = 0.67).

Conclusions
Preoperative radiation therapy and intraoperative revision of anastomosis significantly impair outcome of microvascular flaps in the head and neck and oral cavity, whereas patient’s age is not a predictor of flap failure. Increasing case number and experience reduces time of flap surgery as well as rate of complications and flap failure.
Modeling indirect N2O emissions along the N cascade from cropland soils to rivers
Authors: Billen Gilles , Garnier Josette , Grossel Agnès , Thieu Vincent , Théry Sylvain , Hénault Catherine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe frequently observed discrepancy between estimations of N2O emissions at regional or global scale based either on field data or inventories (bottom-up) or on direct atmospheric observations (top-down) suggests that riparian areas and river surfaces play a significant role as hot spots of emission. We developed a modeling procedure to assess N2O emissions occurring during the transfer of water masses from the subroot water pool of the watershed to the outlet of the river drainage network, including their passage through riparian wetlands. The model was applied to three river basins of increasing size located in the sedimentary geological area of the Paris basin (France) and validated by its capability to predict river N2O concentrations and fluxes across the river–atmosphere interface. At the scale of the Seine watershed, indirect emissions, i.e. emissions linked to agricultural practices but occurring elsewhere than directly at the field plot, are estimated to represent approximately 20% of the direct emissions from the watershed soils, in good agreement with previous estimates based on empirical accounting approaches. Denitrification in riparian zones is responsible for the largest share of these indirect emissions. The model results are very sensitive to the value of the ratio of N2O versus (N2 + N2O), in the final products of denitrification in rivers and wetlands. By calibration on river N2O concentrations, a value of 0.015 ± 0.05 is proposed for this ratio, in agreement with recent studies. This represents the main uncertainty factor of the model. In basins with conditions prone to increasing the value of this ratio, higher proportions of indirect N2O emissions might possibly be observed.