bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MUDANÇA DE COBERTURA DA TERRA NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE CHAPADINHA E BURITI – MA, ENTRE OS ANOS DE 1990 A 2017/ Change of earth coverage in the municipalities of Chapadinha and Buriti – MA, between the years 1990 to 2017
Authors: Araújo Hugo Borges , Pereira Paulo Roberto Mendes , Rodrigues Taissa Caroline Silva , Costa Júnior Erivaldo Plínio Borges da 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo quantificar e mapear os padrões de mudança da cobertura da terra nos municípios de Chapadinha e Buriti, estado do Maranhão, comparando os anos de 1990, 2000, 2007 e 2017 associando ao avanço da agricultura mecanizada sobre o bioma cerrado. Para a análise foram utilizadas imagens de satélites: Landsat 5 e 8, nas bandas: órbita/ponto 219/062; 220/062 e 220/063, dos anos de 1990, 2000, 2007 e 2017, o processamento digital de imagens e classificação por meio de análise de componentes principais a partir da agregação entre os softwares Geodma e Geoda, sendo utilizada a classificação por objetos , realizada no software Saga Gis. A técnica de análise foi realizada a partir da tabulação cruzada das imagens classificadas utilizando a ferramenta cross-classification, implementada no software Saga Gis. utilizando características espaciais e espectrais para a definição das classes de cobertura da terra para as datas supracitadas. Os resultados mostraram que os municípios estudados passaram por intensas mudanças ambientais provocadas principalmente por transformações na cobertura da terra, estas diretamente ligadas as atividades socioeconômicas relacionadas a inserção da monocultura da soja no Leste Maranhense em substituição do Bioma Cerrado, o que causou elevada perda da biodiversidade, principalmente pela perda da cobertura vegetal.

Palavras chaves: Biodiversidade; Cerrado; Soja; Leste Maranhense
Analysis of Affecting Factors on Patient Safety Culture in Public and Private Hospitals in Iran
Authors: Khoshakhlagh Amir Hossein , Khatooni Elham , Akbarzadeh Isa , Yazdanirad Saeid , Sheidaei Ali 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Patient safety culture is one of the main components of the quality of health services and is one of the main priorities of health studies. Accordingly, this study aimed to determine and compare the views of healthcare staff on the patient safety culture and the impact of effective factors on patient safety culture in public and private hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Methods : This cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 1203 health care workers employed in three public and three private hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Stratified random sampling was used in this study. Data were collected using the Maslach burnout inventory and patient safety culture questionnaire (HSOPSC). IBM SPSS v22 and Amos v23 were used to perform path analysis. Results : 867 (72.57%) females and 747 (27.43%) males with a mean age of 33.88 ± 7.66 were included. The average percentage of positive responses to the safety culture questionnaire in public and private hospitals was 65.5% and 58.3%, respectively. The strengths of patient safety culture in public hospitals were in three dimensions including non-punitive response to errors (80%), organizational learning—continuous improvement (79.77%), and overall perceptions of patient safety (75.16%), and in private hospitals, were three dimensions including non-punitive responses to errors (71.41%), organizational learning & continuous improvement (69.24%), and teamwork within units (62.35%). The type of hospital and work-shift hours influenced the burnout and patient safety questionnaire scores (P-value <0.05). The path analysis results indicate the fitness of the proposed model (RMSEA= 0.024). The results showed a negative impact of a work shift (β= -0.791), occupational burnout (β= -0.554) and hospital type (β= -0.147) on the observance of patient safety culture. Conclusion : providing feedback on errors and requirements for the frequent incident reporting, and patient information exchange seem necessary to promote the patient safety culture. Also, considering the negative impact of the shift work and burnout on patient safety culture, by planning and managing these factors appropriately, correct actions could be designed to improve the safety culture. Keywords: Patient safety culture, shift work, job burnout, path analysis
Screening differentially expressed genes of pancreatic cancer between Mongolian and Han people using bioinformatics technology
Authors: Xu Jiasheng , Liao Kaili , FU ZHONGHUA , XIONG ZHENFANG 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective: To screen and analyze differentially expressed genes in pancreatic carcinoma tissues taken from Mongolian and Han patients by Affymetrix Genechip. Methods: Pancreatic ductal cell carcinoma tissues were collected from the Mongolian and Han patients undergoing resection in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from March 2015 to May 2018 and the total RNA was extracted. Differentially expressed genes were selected from the total RNA qualified by Nanodrop 2000 and Agilent 2100 using Affymetrix and a cartogram was drawn; The gene ontology (GO) analysis and Pathway analysis were used for the collection and analysis of biological information of these differentially expressed genes. Finally, some differentially expressed genes were verified by real-time PCR.

Results: Through the microarray analysis of gene expression, 970 differentially expressed genes were detected by comparing pancreatic cancer tissue samples between Mongolian and Han patients. A total of 257 genes were significantly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer tissue samples in Mongolian patients; while a total of 713 genes were down-regulated. In the Gene Ontology database, 815 differentially expressed genes were identified with clear GO classification, and CPB1 gene showed the highest increase in expression level (multiple difference: 31.76). The pathway analysis detected 28 signaling pathways that included these differentially expressed genes, involving a total of 178 genes. Among these pathways, the enrichment of differentially expressed genes in the FAK signaling pathway was the strongest and COL11A1 gene showed the highest multiple difference (multiple difference: 5.02). The expression of differentially expressed genes CPB1, COL11A1、ITGA4、BIRC3、PAK4、CPA1、CLPS、PIK3CG and HLA-DPA1 determined by real-time PCR were consistent with the results of gene microarray analysis.

Conclusions: The results of microarray analysis of gene expression profiles showed that there are a large number of differentially expressed genes in pancreatic cancer tissue samples comparing Mongolian and Han population. These genes are closely related to the cell proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis and multi-drug resistance in pancreatic cancer. They are also involved in the regulation of multiple important signaling pathways in organisms.
Diagnostic Value of Pituitary Volume in Girls with Precocious Puberty
Authors: Wu Su , Yang Yan , Wang Yujiao , Liu Qianqi , Zhu Zi-yang , Gu Wei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To date, the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test is still the pivotal guarantee of precocious puberty (PP) diagnosis. However, it has many disadvantages, including low sensitivity, high cost, and invasive operation. This study aimed to evaluate whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived variables, including pituitary volume (PV), could be used as diagnostic factors for PP in girls, providing a non-invasive diagnostic method for PP. Methods: A total of 288 young female patients who presented to the Clinic of Pediatric Endocrinology for evaluation of PP from January 2015 to December 2017 were enrolled. The sample included 90 girls diagnosed with premature thelarche (PT), 133 girls determined as idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP), 35 early pubertal girls, and 30 normal girls. All patients received pituitary MRI. Results: The largest PV and pituitary height were shown in the ICPP and pubertal groups, followed by the PT group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that PV might be a predictive marker for ICPP, with a sensitivity of 54.10% and a specificity of 72.20% at the cutoff value of 196.01 mm3. By univariate analysis, PV was significantly and positively associated with peak luteinizing hormone (LH), LH/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), age, bone age, and Body Mass Index (BMI) (all P < 0.05). However, bone age and peak LH were the only significant predictors of PV by the stepwise multivariate regression analysis (Model: PV = 9.431 * bone age + 1.230 * peak LH + 92.625 [P = 0.000, R2 = 0.159)). Conclusions: The PV in the ICPP group was significantly higher than that in the PT and control groups, but there was no reliable cutoff value to distinguish ICPP from PT. Pituitary MRI should be combined with clinical and laboratory tests to maximize the diagnostic value of PV for PP.
The Association between Parental Migration and Early Childhood Nutrition of Left-behind Children in Rural China
Authors: Shi Huifeng , Zhang Jingxu , Du Yufeng , Zhao Chunxia , Huang Xiaona , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background: More than one-third of children under 3 years old are left behind at home due to parental migration in rural China, and we know very little about early childhood nutrition of left-behind children (LBC) because of the dearth of research. This study examined the impact of parental migration on early childhood nutrition of LBC in rural China.
Methods: We used repeat cross-sectional data of rural children aged 6–35 months who participated in two surveys in six counties of northern and southern China in 2013 and 2016 respectively. The length, weight, and hemoglobin concentration were measured by trained health‑care workers blinded to parental migration status. Stunting, underweight, wasting, and anemia were identified with the standards recommended by WHO. Generalized linear regressions and multivariate logistic regressions were employed to explore the association between parental migration and these nutritional outcomes at each time point.
Results: 2,336 and 2,210 children aged 6–35 months were enrolled in 2013 and 2016 surveys, respectively. The results show a reduction of the risks of stunting, underweight, and wasting from 2013 (16.4%, 8.5%, and 3.5%, respectively) to 2016 (12.1%, 4.0%, and 1.5%, respectively) but highlight a constantly and alarmingly high risk of anemia among these children (44.8% in 2013 and 43.8% in 2016). Children with migrant fathers performed as well as or better than those with non-migrants on these indicators. Children with migrant parents performed slightly worse in 2013, but equal or slightly superior in 2016 on these indicators compared with children with non-migrants and migrant fathers. Children aged 6–17 months with migrant parents had a significantly lower risk of anemia than those living with their mothers or with both parents (43.1% vs. 63.6% and 61.5 in 2013, and 42.5 vs. 60.1% and 66.2% in 2016), even after controlling for children’s sociodemographic characteristics.
Conclusions: Parental migration may be not detrimental and even beneficial to early childhood nutrition of LBC in rural China. Programs for LBC are recommended to continue to focus on nutrition but pay more attention to other important health issues.
Association of information, education, and communication; and enrollment in health insurance: A case of Nepal
Authors: Acharya Devaraj , Devkota Bhimsen , Gautam Kamal , Bhattarai Radha 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background Most of the studies have indicated that various programmes were failing due to lack of appropriate information, education, and communication [IEC] to the target audiences. But still unanswered that which methods or means of communication could be the most powerful for changing behaviour, decision making, and or desired action. The paper aims to assess the effects of IEC on the enrollment of health insurance [HI] in Nepal.Methods A cross-sectional study, with randomly selected 810 [405 enrolled and 405 not-enrolled] households, was conducted at Baglung and Kailali districts of Nepal in 2018 using pretested structured interview tool. Background characteristics of family and respondents, and exposure to the means of communication were independent variables; and enrollment of HI was the dependent variable. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were done to interpret the data.Results Data show that socio-demographics and exposure to HI related information were associated with the enrollment of HI. Demographic characteristics of the respondents and households particularly age, wealth status, and presence of chronic diseases in the family were significantly associated with the enrollment of HI. Similarly, exposure to communication and media such as heard about HI and knowledge of contribution amount of HI, having HI related books or guidelines, participation in training and workshop, discussion with peers and neighbours, exposure to HI related messages from radio and television, seen hoarding board, newspaper, and HI related pamphlet, brochure, and posters were significantly associated with enrollment in HI. Heard about HI and knowledge of contribution amount, having HI related books and guidelines, and discussion with peers and neighbours appeared to be the positive and significant predictors for enrollment in HI.Conclusion Communication and interaction with peers and neighbours about HI scheme of the government could lead to higher participation in HI programme. It would be better to incorporate this strategy while planning policies and interventions on HI.
Short and Long-term Barriers and Facilitators of Skin Self-Examination Among Individuals Diagnosed with Melanoma
Authors: Coroiu Adina , Moran Chelsea , Bergeron Catherine , Drapeau Martin , Wang Beatrice , Kezouh Abbas , Ernst Jochen , Batist Gerald , Körner Annett 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Melanoma can be lethal if not detected early and treated. Early detection can be facilitated via skin self-examination (SSE) and as such, SSE is part of melanoma follow-up care for individuals with a prior history, who face a life-long risk of reoccurrence. The objective of the current study was to identify short- and long-term predictors of SSE among melanoma survivors to inform future prevention interventions in high-risk groups. Method This is an observational study with longitudinal assessments conducted with adult melanoma patients in active follow-up care. Primary Outcome Measures: Behavioral outcomes, comprehensive SSE (checking up to 5 body areas in the last 3 months) and optimal SSE (checking the entire body at least monthly in the last 3 months) were assessed at 3, 12, and 24 months post a dermatological educational session on skin cancer prevention. T tests and chi square analyses were used to examine changes in outcomes from 3 to 12 and 24 months. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between predictors and the primary outcomes. Results Comprehensive SSE did not decrease significantly from 3 (M=2.7, SD=1.1) to 12 (M=2.6, SD=1.2) and 24 months (M=2.4, SD=1.2) post the education session, with the stronger predictor at all timepoints being intentions to perform SSE. Optimal SSE was higher at 3 months (59%) compared to 12 (46%) and 24 months (34%), with key predictors including self-efficacy and intentions to perform SSE and male sex at 3 months post; self-efficacy and reliance on medical advice at 12 months; and (lower) education and self-efficacy at 24 months. Conclusions The key findings of this study are that 1) survivors maintain SSE behaviour over time, but rates of SSE performed in agreement with medical recommendations are higher immediately post standard dermatological education (i.e. usual care) and decrease somewhat over a 24-month period; and 2) the strongest psycho-social predictors of SSE are intentions and self-efficacy to perform the behavior, which are highly modifiable, for example via motivational interviewing and goal setting health interventions.
Archaic mitochondrial DNA inserts in modern day nuclear genomes
Authors: Bücking Robert , Cox Murray P , Hudjashov Georgi , Saag Lauri , Sudoyo Herawati , Stoneking Mark 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background:
Traces of interbreeding of Neanderthals and Denisovans with modern humans in the form of archaic DNA have been detected in the genomes of present-day human populations outside sub-Sahara Africa. Up to now, only nuclear archaic DNA has been detected in modern humans; we therefore attempted to identify archaic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) residing in modern human nuclear genomes as nuclear inserts of mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs).
Results:
We analysed 221 high-coverage genomes from Oceania and Indonesia using an approach which identifies reads that map both to the nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. We then classified reads according to the source of the mtDNA, and found one NUMT of Denisovan mtDNA origin; analysis of the flanking region suggests that this insertion is more likely to have happened in a Denisovan individual and introgressed into modern humans with the Denisovan nuclear DNA, rather than in a descendant of a Denisovan female and a modern human male.
Conclusions:
Here we present our pipeline for detecting introgressed NUMTs in next generation sequencing data that can be used on genomes sequenced in the future. Further discovery of such archaic NUMTs in modern humans can be used to detect interbreeding between archaic and modern humans and can reveal new insights into the nature of such interbreeding events.
Increased urinary volumes in symptomatic Ménière’s Disease
Authors: Berardino Federica Di , Zanetti Diego 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective. The purpose of the research is to test the measurement of the total urinary volume, induced by the diuretic osmotic action of mannitol, in a group of symptomatic MD patients and in healthy controls. Results. An altered excretory urinary volume after mannitol challenge was observed in symptomatic MD (874.3 ± 302.1) compared to healthy volunteers (361.7 ± 181.6). (p = 0.0001) This easy and self-administered method might be proposed to replace the analysis of the urinary sugars’ concentration in symptomatic MD patients.
Suicide by pesticide poisoning in India: a review of pesticide regulations and their impact on suicide trends
Authors: Bonvoisin Toby , Utyasheva Leah , Knipe Duleeka , Gunnell David , Eddleston Michael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background

Pesticide self-poisoning is a common means of suicide in India. Banning highly hazardous pesticides (HHPs) from agricultural use has been successful in reducing suicides in several Asian countries without affecting agricultural output. Here, we describe national and state-level regulation of HHPs and explore how they might relate to suicide rates across India.Methods

Information on pesticide regulation was collated from agriculture departments of the central and state governments. National and state-level data on suicides from 1995 to 2015 were obtained from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). We used joinpoint analysis and negative binomial regression to investigate any effects on trends in suicide rates nationally and in Kerala.Results

As of October 2019, 318 pesticides were registered for use in India, of which 18 were extremely (Class Ia) or highly (Class Ib) hazardous according to World Health Organization criteria. Despite many HHPs still being available, several bans have been implemented during the period studied. In our quantitative analyses we focused on the permanent bans in Kerala in 2005 (of endosulfan) and 2011 (of 14 other pesticides); and nationally in 2011 (of endosulfan). NCRB data indicate that pesticides were used in 441,918 reported suicides in India from 1995-2015, 90.3% of which occurred in 11 of the 29 states. There was statistical evidence of lower than expected rates of pesticide suicides (rate ratio [RR] 0.52, 95% CI 0.49-0.54) and total suicides nationally by 2014 (0.90, 0.87-0.93) after the 2011 endosulfan ban. In Kerala, there was a lower than expected pesticide suicide rate (0.45, 0.42-0.49), but no change to the already decreasing trend in total suicides after the 2011 ban of 14 pesticides. The 2005 ban on endosulfan showed a similar effect. Agricultural outputs continued growing following the bans.Discussion

Highly hazardous pesticides continue to be used in India and pesticide suicide remains a serious public health problem. However, some pesticide bans do appear to have impacted previous trends in the rates of both pesticide suicides and all suicides. Comprehensive national bans of HHPs could lead to a reduction in suicides across India, in addition to reduced occupational poisoning, with minimal effects on agricultural yield.
High-throughput sequencing analysis of intestinal flora changes in ESRD and CKD patients
Authors: Hu Jianguang , Zhong Xiaoshi , Yan Jing , Zhou Daoyuan , Qin Danping , Xiao Xiao , Zheng Yuanyuan , liu yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) disease affects gut flora by causing dysbiosis and lead to systemic inflammatory conditions. Here, we provide intestinal flora changes of CKD patients undertook different hemodialysis therapy.Methods

Patients were recruited during 2017-2019 and divided into healthy control group (CT), CKD non-dialysis group (CKD), hemodialysis group (HD) and peritoneal dialysis group (PD). Intestinal flora genome 16S rDNA sequencing and further bio-informatic analysis were performed.Results

Decreased diversity and altered communities of intestinal flora in PD patients, in which microbial diversity was positive correlated with the albumin level were observed. A total of 20 intestinal flora phyla were detected in 166 fecal samples, divided into 3 dominant intestinal types including Bacteroides-dominant gut type, Firmicutes-dominant type and Proteobacteria-dominant gut type. Further analyses found 198 genera, the abundance of 86 genera were significantly different. Butyrate-producing taxa as Faecalibacterium in genera level and Bifidobacteriaceae and Prevotellaceae in family level were dominant genus in CT, CKD, and HD groups, while urease containing-, indole- and p-cresol-forming taxa as Escherichia in genera and Enterobacteriaceae , Enterococcaceae in family level was dominated genus in PD group. Number of differential expressed genes in KEGG enrichment pathways were significantly different in PD group in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, translation, and membrane transport.Conclusion

Our results suggest peritoneal dialysis therapy could result in reduced diversity and altered microbial communities, with reduced probiotic butyrate-producing taxa and increased urease containing-, indole- and p-cresol-forming taxa. The disordered intestinal flora can seriously affect the nutrition level in CKD patients with PD therapy.