bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SAGA–CORE subunit Spt7 is required for correct Ubp8 localization, chromatin association and deubiquitinase activity
Authors: Nuño-Cabanes Carme , García-Molinero Varinia , Martín-Expósito Manuel , Gas María-Eugenia , Oliete-Calvo Paula , García-Oliver Encar , de la Iglesia-Vayá María , Rodríguez-Navarro Susana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Histone H2B deubiquitination is performed by numerous deubiquitinases in eukaryotic cells including Ubp8, the catalytic subunit of the tetrameric deubiquitination module (DUBm: Ubp8; Sus1; Sgf11; Sgf73) of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA). Ubp8 is linked to the rest of SAGA through Sgf73 and is activated by the adaptors Sus1 and Sgf11. It is unknown if DUBm/Ubp8 might also work in a SAGA-independent manner.

Results
Here we report that a tetrameric DUBm is assembled independently of the SAGA–CORE components SPT7, ADA1 and SPT20. In the absence of SPT7, i.e., independent of the SAGA complex, Ubp8 and Sus1 are poorly recruited to SAGA-dependent genes and to chromatin. Notably, cells lacking Spt7 or Ada1, but not Spt20, show lower levels of nuclear Ubp8 than wild-type cells, suggesting a possible role for SAGA–CORE subunits in Ubp8 localization. Last, deletion of SPT7 leads to defects in Ubp8 deubiquitinase activity in in vivo and in vitro assays.

Conclusions
Collectively, our studies show that the DUBm tetrameric structure can form without a complete intact SAGA–CORE complex and that it includes full-length Sgf73. However, subunits of this SAGA–CORE influence DUBm association with chromatin, its localization and its activity.
Epidrugs: novel epigenetic regulators that open a new window for targeting osteoblast differentiation
Authors: Ghorbaninejad Mahsa , Khademi-Shirvan Maliheh , Hosseini Samaneh , Baghaban Eslaminejad Mohamadreza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEfficient osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a critical step in the treatment of bone defects and skeletal disorders, which present challenges for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine. Thus, it is necessary to understand the regulatory agents involved in osteogenesis. Epigenetic mechanisms are considered to be the primary mediators that regulate gene expression during MSC differentiation. In recent years, epigenetic enzyme inhibitors have been used as epidrugs in cancer therapy. A number of studies mentioned the role of epigenetic inhibitors in the regulation of gene expression patterns related to osteogenic differentiation. This review attempts to provide an overview of the key regulatory agents of osteogenesis: transcription factors, signaling pathways, and, especially, epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, we propose to introduce epigenetic enzyme inhibitors (epidrugs) and their applications as future therapeutic approaches for bone defect regeneration.
Young people and environmental affordances in urban sustainable development: insights into transport and green and public space in seven cities
Authors: Nissen Sylvia , Prendergast Kate , Aoyagi Midori , Burningham Kate , Hasan Mohammad Mehedi , Hayward Bronwyn , Jackson Tim , Jha Vimlendu , Mattar Helio , Schudel Ingrid , Venn Sue , Yoshida Aya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Cities are at the fore of sustainability challenges of the twenty-first century, and many, particularly in Asia and Africa, are predominantly youthful spaces. Understanding young people’s experiences in urban environments is therefore important as we strive to achieve both the Sustainable Development Goals and the Paris Agreement. Two amenities identified in the urban Sustainable Development Goal 11, transport and public and green space, are specifically recognised as applying to youth. Yet, there is little analysis that explicitly considers how youth experience these amenities across the Global North and South, and no current measures for understanding progress in youth experiences of green space and transport.

Results
This paper provides a comparative analysis of young people’s experiences with local transport and green space in seven diverse urban communities (Christchurch, New Zealand; Dhaka, Bangladesh; Lambeth/London, UK; Makhanda, South Africa; New Delhi, India; São Paulo, Brazil; and Yokohama, Japan). Our study contributes to a growing body of literature that seeks to listen to child and youth perspectives to understand their environmental experiences. We examine the ‘affordances’ young residents aged 12 to 24 years currently associate with green space and transport amenities. Affordances are defined here as the inter-relationships between what a local environment offers young people and their perceptions and actions. Drawing on focus groups and interviews conducted with 332 young people, we identify five affordances young people associate in relation to transport and public space across these diverse urban settings: (1) social inclusion and belonging; (2) autonomy; (3) physical comfort and security; (4) relaxation and reflection; and (5) health and fitness.

Conclusions
The paper contributes to growing interdisciplinary research interest in measuring affordances as a way to advance the Sustainable Development Goals in an urban context. In providing a comparative account of young people’s experiences across diverse contexts, our discussion highlights how affordances in relation to transport or public and green space can help understand the multiple interconnections between the well-being of young people and sustainability. In particular, we argue that it is not merely the provision of transport or public and green space that matters, but the nuanced meaning of places and experiences as understood by local communities that needs to be recognised if we are to better support urban youth wellbeing and advance sustainable development goals.
Comparative study of algorithms for optimized control of industrial energy supply systems
Authors: Kohne Thomas , Ranzau Heiko , Panten Niklas , Weigold Matthias 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBoth rising and more volatile energy prices are strong incentives for manufacturing companies to become more energy-efficient and flexible. A promising approach is the intelligent control of Industrial Energy Supply Systems (IESS), which provide various energy services to industrial production facilities and machines. Due to the high complexity of such systems widespread conventional control approaches often lead to suboptimal operating behavior and limited flexibility. Rising digitization in industrial production sites offers the opportunity to implement new advanced control algorithms e. g. based on Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) or Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to optimize the operational strategies of IESS.This paper presents a comparative study of different controllers for optimized operation strategies. For this purpose, a framework is used that allows for a standardized comparison of rule-, model- and data-based controllers by connecting them to dynamic simulation models of IESS of varying complexity. The results indicate that controllers based on DRL and MILP have a huge potential to reduce energy-related cost of up to 50% for less complex and around 6% for more complex systems. In some cases however, both algorithms still show unfavorable operating behavior in terms of non-direct costs such as temperature and switching restrictions, depending on the complexity and general conditions of the systems.
Detection of heat pumps from smart meter and open data
Authors: Weigert Andreas , Hopf Konstantin , Weinig Nicolai , Staake Thorsten 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Heat pumps embody solutions that heat or cool buildings effectively and sustainably, with zero emissions at the place of installation. As they pose significant load on the power grid, knowledge on their existence is crucial for grid operators, e.g., to forecast load and to plan grid operation. Further details, like the thermal reservoir (ground or air source) or the age of a heat pump installation renders energy-related services possible that utility companies can offer in the future (e.g., detecting wrongly calibrated installations, household energy efficiency checks). This study investigates the prediction of heat pump installations, their thermal reservoir and age. For this, we obtained a dataset with 397 households in Switzerland, all equipped with smart meters, collected ground truth data on installed heat pumps and enriched this data with weather data and geographical information. Our investigation replicates the state of the art in the area of heat pump detection and goes beyond it, as we obtain three major findings: First, machine learning can detect the existence of heat pumps with an AUC performance metric of 0.82, their heat reservoir with an AUC of 0.86, and their age with an AUC of 0.73. Second, heat pump existence can be better detected using data during the heating period than during summer. Third the number of training samples to detect the existence of heat pumps must not be necessarily large in terms of the number of training instances and observation period.
Arbovirus and seizures
Authors: Zheng Mingrui , Li Shichuo , Hogan R. Edward , Yang Meihua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe high prevalence and spread of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) make them an important cause of viral encephalitis in humans. Most epidemic viral encephalitides have an etiology associated with arboviruses. Among various arboviruses, the Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, Zika virus, Dengue virus and Chikungunya virus can induce seizures. Arboviruses of the genus Flavivirus are usually transmitted by mosquitoes and other host animals. These vector-borne pathogens can cause epidemic viral encephalitis. Seizures may not be the major manifestation in these viral encephalitides, but may predict a poor prognosis. In this article, we discuss the relationships between these viruses and seizures from perspectives of clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, prognosis and treatments of each.
An R2R3-type myeloblastosis transcription factor MYB103 is involved in phosphorus remobilization
Authors: Yu Fangwei , Wang Shenyun , Zhang Wei , Wang Hong , Yu Li , Fei Zhangjun , Li Jianbin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe members of myeloblastosis transcription factor (MYB TF) family are involved in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. However, the role of MYB TF in phosphorus remobilization remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we show that an R2R3 type MYB transcription factor, MYB103, is involved in phosphorus (P) remobilization. MYB103 was remarkably induced by P deficiency in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). As cabbage lacks the proper mutant for elucidating the mechanism of MYB103 in P deficiency, another member of the crucifer family, Arabidopsis thaliana was chosen for further study. The transcript of its homologue AtMYB103 was also elevated in response to P deficiency in A. thaliana, while disruption of AtMYB103 (myb103) exhibited increased sensitivity to P deficiency, accompanied with decreased tissue biomass and soluble P concentration. Furthermore, AtMYB103 was involved in the P reutilization from cell wall, as less P was released from the cell wall in myb103 than in wildtype, coinciding with the reduction of ethylene production. Taken together, our results uncover an important role of MYB103 in the P remobilization, presumably through ethylene signaling.
Clonal Hematopoiesis in Late-Stage Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Its Impact on Targeted Panel Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Yaung Stephanie J. , Fuhlbrück Frederike , Peterson Maureen , Zou Wei , Palma John F. , Patil Namrata S. , Jiang Yuqiu 
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE Somatic mutations derived from the expansion of clonal populations of blood cells (clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, or CHIP) may be detected in sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples. We evaluated the potential implications of CHIP in targeted sequencing of plasma samples using matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with lung cancer to identify potential CHIP-associated mutations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 332 plasma and corresponding PBMC samples were collected predose, cycle 1 day 1 (C1D1), from the randomized, phase III study (OAK) comparing atezolizumab versus docetaxel in previously treated patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The samples were analyzed with the AVENIO ctDNA Surveillance Kit (for research use only; not for use in diagnostic procedures), a 198-kb next-generation sequencing panel targeting cancer-related genes. CHIP variants were assessed by analyzing both plasma and PBMC sequencing data. RESULTS A range of zero to eight CHIP variants (median = one) was detected per cfDNA sample. Most of these variants were not in the Database of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (dbSNP). The number of CHIP variants was positively associated with age, and TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene. Furthermore, the allele frequency was less variable over time for CHIP variants than for tumor-derived variants. CONCLUSION CHIP-derived mutations are present in late-stage NSCLC. However, not all plasma samples had CHIP mutations detected with targeted panel sequencing. Paired PBMC sequencing analysis may be needed to remove CHIP variants for comprehensive genomic profiling using plasma samples to identify true somatic mutations.
Facile Synthesis of Tetraarylpyrazines by Sequential Cross-coupling Approach
Authors: Nishiyama Yoshitake , Akiyama Kei , Sakata Yuki , Hosoya Takamitsu , Yoshida Suguru 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A facile synthetic method for unsymmetric tetraarylpyrazines by sequential cross-couplings is disclosed. This 5-step synthesis was achieved from 2-amino-3,5-dibromo-6-chloropyrazine through four-fold cross-coupling and diazotization. Dibenzo-fused quinoxaline synthesis was also accomplished by further intramolecular coupling.
Compliance of palliative care standards in children with cancer in select Middle Eastern countries: a comparative study
Authors: Ebadinejad Zahra , Rassouli Maryam , Fakhr-Movahedi Ali 
Published: October 2020

Abstract Background Palliative care is one of the necessary elements in the treatment of children with cancer. Adaptation of country-specific palliative care practices to universal standards can provide valuable information for health care stakeholders. Aim This study proposed to evaluate the global compliance of palliative care for children with cancer among select Middle Eastern countries. Methods In this comparative study, information about palliative care principles in Iran, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and Turkey was extracted from the literature. Data were collected using a checklist based on the conceptual framework of palliative care inspired by Wolff and Browne's (2011) standards. Then the extracted information was compared and analysed. Findings The palliative care standards in the selected countries did not show full compliance with global standards. In all selected countires, the child's and family's needs were considered, and a comprehensive care approach was followed. However, in none of the selected countries was the child's agreement to discharge from the hospital obtained, and neither was it ensured that the needs of the child and family were met. Conclusions Palliative care principles in the selected Middle Eastern countries are far from meeting universal standards. Accordingly, planning and training are recommended in different domains of nursing education as well as clinical nursing in the care of children. Healthcare authorities and politicians must provide the appropriate conditions for better provision of palliative care for children with cancer.
Ultra-compact terahertz plasmonic wavelength diplexer
Authors: Yuan Mingrui , Wang Qingwei , Li Yanfeng , Zhang Xixiang , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: October 2020

Terahertz (THz) spoof surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waveguides can provide subwavelength confinement, which makes it possible for the THz waves to transmit at low loss over long distances along a metallic surface. This work reports on the design and actualization of an ultra-compact wavelength diplexer formed by THz spoof SPP waveguiding structures. By adding a certain number of periodic pillars in the coupling part of the directional coupler, the refractive index of the anti-symmetrically distributed odd modes can be engineered, thereby adjusting the coupling length. By adjusting the periodic pillar parameters properly, the SPP modes at two target frequencies will be coupled in the device for an odd or even number of times, so that the SPP modes at these two frequencies can be coupled out from different ports. The length of the wavelength diplexer is 1.6 mm, which is about 12.8% of its traditional counterpart. Minimum simulated transmittances of

−

24.34

d
B

and

−

26.27

d
B

can be obtained at 0.637 THz and 0.667 THz, respectively. The insertion losses at the two operating frequencies are less than 0.46 dB, and the extinction ratios are both better than 19 dB. By cascading the proposed diplexers, a compact wavelength demultiplexer with more channels can be obtained, which has important applications for future THz integrated communication systems.
Participación belga en el desarrollo de políticas públicas educativas de Colombia en la primera mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Báez Osorio Miryam 
Published: October 2020

Es importante resaltar algunos de los aportes que ofreció el notable maestro europeo Ovidio Decroly quien fuera invitado a Colombia a dictar conferencias sobre sus métodos y aporte pedagógico a maestros de establecimientos educativos, entre ellos a los docentes de la Primera Facultad de Pedagogía que funcionaba en Tunja a fines de la década de los años veinte del Siglo XX. Su educación partía del concepto de que la educación era una integración de actividades que permitía a los maestros impulsar centros de aprendizaje y desarrollo para los niños en formación, partiendo del método global de lectura que facilitaba el aprendizaje y la comprensión. Fue así como lo más importante eran los centros de interés que el Ministerio de Educación consideró muy valiosos para la formación de los niños y que realmente estaban en consonancia con las políticas educativas del país. En esas condiciones en la década de los años treinta, el caso de los centros de interés ocuparon la atención de los pedagogos, dado que se interesaron por trabajar con sus educandos aspectos relacionados con la observación, la asociación, las relaciones causa - efecto y por supuesto que la expresión cuyos recursos de enseñanza facilitaban los aprendizajes de los niños.
Los hermanos de la Salle y su vinculación con las políticas educativas colombianas en el siglo XX
Authors: Semanate Navia Carmen Elvira 
Published: October 2020

La Congregación de los Hermanos de las Escuelas Cristianas, conocidos más como Hermanos de la Salle, han hecho grandes aportes a la educación en Colombia. Dicha Comunidad llegó a Colombia en el año 1891, época conocida en la historia de Colombia como el período de la Regeneración. Aquel período requería impulsar nuevas políticas educativas en concordancia con el sistema de gobierno que había iniciado hacia el año 1886 y buscaba con afán la implementación de políticas educativas acordes con la nueva constitución en donde se fomentaran nuevos valores educativos y tuviera como centro la religión católica. De esa manera los Hermanos de la Salle fundaron inicialmente algunas escuelas en la ciudad de Bogotá entre las que se conocen: la Escuela Apostólica, el Colegio de San Bernardo y el Noviciado de Chapinero. Hacia el año 1896 se funda el Instituto De La Salle en el barrio Egipto de la misma ciudad.La penetración del Proyecto Educativo Lasallista obedeció al interés de aquella comunidad por fomentar enseñanzas prácticas que el estado colombiano requería en aquel momento. El sistema educativo de los Hermanos de la Salle buscó desarrollar una nueva educación moralizadora, concebida desde de una visión pragmática con fuerte énfasis confesional, es decir, desde la acción educadora de naturaleza católica, ejercida a partir de las enseñanzas modernas. Así mismo, es importante destacar el aporte que esta comunidad hizo en el Congreso pedagógico de 1917 donde se expusieron trabajos de investigación notables para el mejoramiento de la educación en Colombia.
Improving utility and security of the shuffler-based differential privacy
Authors: Wang Tianhao , Ding Bolin , Xu Min , Huang Zhicong , Hong Cheng , Zhou Jingren , Li Ninghui , Jha Somesh 
Published: October 2020

When collecting information, local differential privacy (LDP) alleviates privacy concerns of users because their private information is randomized before being sent it to the central aggregator. LDP imposes large amount of noise as each user executes the randomization independently. To address this issue, recent work introduced an intermediate server with the assumption that this intermediate server does not collude with the aggregator. Under this assumption, less noise can be added to achieve the same privacy guarantee as LDP, thus improving utility for the data collection task.
This paper investigates this multiple-party setting of LDP. We analyze the system model and identify potential adversaries. We then make two improvements: a new algorithm that achieves a better privacy-utility tradeoff; and a novel protocol that provides better protection against various attacks. Finally, we perform experiments to compare different methods and demonstrate the benefits of using our proposed method.
Variation in Genetic Relatedness Is Determined by the Aggregate Recombination Process
Authors: Veller Carl , Edelman Nathaniel B , Muralidhar Pavitra , Nowak Martin A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The genomic proportion that two relatives share identically by descent—their genetic relatedness—can vary depending on the history of recombination and segregation in their pedigree. Previous calculations of the variance of genetic relatedness have defined genetic relatedness as the proportion of total genetic map length (cM) shared by relatives, and have neglected crossover interference and sex differences in recombination. Here, we consider genetic relatedness as the proportion of the total physical genome (bp) shared by relatives, and calculate its variance for general pedigree relationships, making no assumptions about the recombination process. For the relationships of grandparent-grandoffspring and siblings, the variance of genetic relatedness is a simple decreasing function of r¯, the average proportion of locus pairs that recombine in meiosis. For general pedigree relationships, the variance of genetic relatedness is a function of metrics analogous to r¯. Therefore, features of the aggregate recombination process that affect r¯ and analogs also affect variance in genetic relatedness. Such features include the number of chromosomes and heterogeneity in their size, the number of crossovers and their spatial organization along chromosomes, and sex differences in recombination. Our calculations help to explain several recent observations about variance in genetic relatedness, including that it is reduced by crossover interference (which is known to increase r¯). Our methods further allow us to calculate the neutral variance of ancestry among F2s in a hybrid cross, enabling precise statistical inference in F2-based tests for various kinds of selection.