bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SERVIÇOS ECOSSISTÊMICOS NO PLANEJAMENTO INTEGRADO DO TERRITÓRIO METROPOLITANO: OFERTA, DEMANDA E PRESSÕES SOBRE A PROVISÃO DE ÁGUA NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE CURITIBA
Authors: Carbone Amanda Silveira , Coutinho Sonia Maria Viggiani , Fernandes Valdir , Philippi Junior Arlindo 
Published: September 2020

A sustentabilidade dos assentamentos humanos, principalmente áreas urbanas, e dos ecossistemas como um todo envolve a adoção de estratégias territoriais integradoras, que levem em conta os aspectos ambientais, econômicos, sociais e culturais. O enfoque dos serviços ecossistêmicos pode ser aliado no fortalecimento da visão integrada do território metropolitano e da água como elemento-chave integrador. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo a proposição de um conjunto de indicadores de avaliação de capital natural e da oferta e demanda do serviço ecossistêmico de provisão de água para regiões metropolitanas, tendo como recorte a Região Metropolitana de Curitiba (RMC) (PR). O conjunto de indicadores foi selecionado de uma base teórica pautada em levantamento bibliográfico e posteriormente validado por especialistas pelo método Delphi, com envio de questionários eletrônicos em duas rodadas de validação. Os indicadores validados foram utilizados posteriormente para análise da provisão de água na RMC. Embora a mancha urbana concentre as maiores demandas por recursos hídricos, os municípios do seu entorno são os maiores provedores reais ou potenciais de serviços ecossistêmicos. Alguns municípios, principalmente os localizados no extremo norte da RMC, destacam-se pela significativa disponibilidade hídrica. No entanto, a análise demonstra tendência de degradação do capital natural e consequente comprometimento na provisão de água na RMC. Há a necessidade de se ampliar, em grande parte da região, a implementação das políticas de proteção da biodiversidade, de se estimular a criação de novas unidades de conservação e de fortalecer o monitoramento do uso do solo e a busca por soluções inovadoras para melhorar a gestão da água na metrópole.
Comparative Clinical Evaluation of the Roche Elecsys and Abbott Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Serology Assays for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Tan Shaun S. , Saw Sharon , Chew Ka Lip , Wang Cindy , Pajarillaga Anastacia , Khoo Candy , Wang Weixuan , Ali Zahidah Mohamed , Yang Zhixin , Chan Yiong Huak , Tambyah Paul , Jureen Roland , Sethi Sunil K 
Published: September 2020

Context.—
The use of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serologic tests detects antibodies in the host, contributing to the identification of individuals who have been exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Objective.—
To critically evaluate 2 commercially available SARS-CoV-2 serology tests.

Design.—
A total of 333 unique, nonduplicated serum samples obtained from COVID-19 patients (n = 170) and negative controls (n = 163) obtained before December 2019 were used in the study. Samples were tested on the Roche E411 and Abbott Architect i4000SR platforms, and results were correlated to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results and clinical symptoms.

Results.—
There was a strong level of agreement in the qualitative results between both assays, with a Cohen κ value of .840, P &lt; .001. The specificity for both Roche and Abbott were excellent at 100%. Roche exhibited marginally better performance in the 21 days or more group with a sensitivity of 90.6% (95% CI, 75.8%–96.8%) versus an Abbott sensitivity of 84.4% (95% CI, 68.3%–93.1%), as well as in the 14- to 20-day group with a sensitivity of 85.7% (95% CI, 65.4%–95.0%) versus an Abbott sensitivity of 81.0% (95% CI, 60.0%–92.3%). Less than 14 days of symptoms groups exhibited poor sensitivity at less than 50% for both assays. The areas under curve (± standard error) for Roche (0.894 ± 0.025, P &lt; .001) and Abbott (0.884 ± 0.026, P &lt; .001) were very similar. Potential confounders for negative serologic results include antiretroviral medication use and pauci-symptomatic patients.

Conclusions.—
Specificities for high-throughput Roche and Abbott immunoassays are excellent, but users need to be cautious to interpret serologic test results after 14 days of symptoms to avoid false negatives.
Degradation of the pharmaceuticals lamivudine and zidovudine using advanced oxidation processes
Authors: Lucena Alex Leandro Andrade de , Napoleão Daniella Carla , Silva Hélder Vinícius Carneiro da , Santana Rayany Magali da Rocha , Ribeiro Beatriz Galdino , Duarte Marta Maria Menezes Bezerra 
Published: September 2020

The existence of pharmaceuticals in nature is a growing environmental problem, turning necessary the use of efficient treatments for the degradation of these substances, as the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In this work the AOPs UV/H2O2 and photo-Fenton were applied to degrade the pharmaceuticals lamivudine and zidovudine in an aqueous solution using a bench reactor, composed of three UV-C lamps. It was verified that the UV/H2O2 process presented a degradation of 97.33 ± 0.14% for lamivudine and 93.90 ± 0.33% for zidovudine, after 180 min of treatment and for an initial concentratin of each pharmaceutical of 5 mg.L-1 and [H2O2] of 600 mg.L-1. A methodology by artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used to model the photocatalytic process, with the MLP 7-23-2 ANN representing it well, and determining the relative importance (%) of each of the input variables for the pharmaceutical’s degradation process. Kinetic studies for the pharmaceutical degradation and the conversion of organic matter showed good adjustments to the pseudo first-order models with R2 raging from 0.9705 to 0.9980. Toxicity assays for the before treatment solution indicated that the seeds Lactuca sativa and Portulaca grandiflora showed growth inhibition whereas the post-treatment solution inhibited only the growth of Lactuca sativa.
Degradation of the pharmaceuticals lamivudine and zidovudine using advanced oxidation processes
Authors: Lucena Alex Leandro Andrade de , Napoleão Daniella Carla , Silva Hélder Vinícius Carneiro da , Santana Rayany Magali Da Rocha , Ribeiro Beatriz Galdino , Duarte Marta Maria Menezes Bezerra 
Published: September 2020

The existence of pharmaceuticals in nature is a growing environmental problem, turning necessary the use of efficient treatments for the degradation of these substances, as the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). In this work the AOPs UV/H2O2 and photo-Fenton were applied to degrade the pharmaceuticals lamivudine and zidovudine in an aqueous solution using a bench reactor, composed of three UV-C lamps. It was verified that the UV/H2O2 process presented a degradation of 97.33 ± 0.14% for lamivudine and 93.90 ± 0.33% for zidovudine, after 180 min of treatment and for an initial concentratin of each pharmaceutical of 5 mg.L-1 and [H2O2] of 600 mg.L-1. A methodology by artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used to model the photocatalytic process, with the MLP 7-23-2 ANN representing it well, and determining the relative importance (%) of each of the input variables for the pharmaceutical’s degradation process. Kinetic studies for the pharmaceutical degradation and the conversion of organic matter showed good adjustments to the pseudo first-order models with R2 raging from 0.9705 to 0.9980. Toxicity assays for the before treatment solution indicated that the seeds Lactuca sativa and Portulaca grandiflora showed growth inhibition whereas the post-treatment solution inhibited only the growth of Lactuca sativa.
Sorption and mobility of thiabendazole in a Brazilian Oxisol
Authors: Goulart Bianca Veloso , Nascimento Wallace Nikolas dos Santos , Pinto Ana Carolina , Fagundes Patrícia Maralyne Lopes Lisboa , Maciel Larissa Silva , Alvarenga Maria Inês Nogueira , Kondo Márcia Matiko 
Published: September 2020

Thiabendazole is a benzimidazole class drug that is widely used due to its vermifugal and fungicidal properties. The present study investigates the behaviour of TBZ in the A and B horizons of a Red-Yellow Latosol typical of southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Adsorption and desorption assays were performed under different pH conditions (3.0, 4.2-5.1, and 8.5) and a leaching study was conducted using soil columns. The results demonstrated that the behaviour of TBZ in the soil was influenced by the pH, soil organic matter and clay content. The Freundlich constants indicated that the adsorption capacities for horizons A and B were high (50-149 mg1-1/n.L1/n.kg-1) and low (0-24 mg1-1/n.L1/n.kg-1), respectively. The leaching study results indicated that for both horizons, TBZ presented higher sorption in the initial fractions of the column (0-2 cm), and that the B horizon had a lower adsorption capacity, compared to the A horizon.
Omics approaches inAlliumresearch: Progress and way ahead
Authors: Khandagale Kiran , Krishna Ram , Roylawar Praveen , Ade Avinash B. , Benke Ashwini , Shinde Bharat , Singh Major , Gawande Suresh J. , Rai Ashutosh 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe genusAllium(Family: Amaryllidaceae) is an economically important group of crops cultivated worldwide for their use as a vegetable and spices. Alliums are also well known for their nutraceutical properties. Among alliums, onion, garlic, leek, and chives cultivated worldwide. Despite their substantial economic and medicinal importance, the genome sequence of any of theAlliumis not available, probably due to their large genome sizes. Recently evolved omics technologies are highly efficient and robust in elucidating molecular mechanisms of several complex life processes in plants. Omics technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, metagenomics, etc. have the potential to open new avenues in research and improvement of allium crops where genome sequence information is limited. A significant amount of data has been generated using these technologies for variousAlliumspecies; it will help in understanding the key traits inAlliumcrops such as flowering, bulb development, flavonoid biosynthesis, male sterility and stress tolerance at molecular and metabolite level. This information will ultimately assist us in speeding up the breeding inAlliumcrops.MethodIn the present review, major omics approaches, and their progress, as well as potential applications in Allium crops, could be discussed in detail.ResultsHere, we have discussed the recent progress made inAlliumresearch using omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, micro RNAs, proteomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics. These omics interventions have been used in alliums for marker discovery, the study of the biotic and abiotic stress response, male sterility, organ development, flavonoid and bulb color, micro RNA discovery, and microbiome associated withAlliumcrops. Further, we also emphasized the integrated use of these omics platforms for a better understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms to speed up the breeding programs for better cultivars.ConclusionAll the information and literature provided in the present review throws light on the progress and potential of omics platforms in the research ofAlliumcrops. We also mentioned a few research areas inAlliumcrops that need to be explored using omics technologies to get more insight. Overall, alliums are an under-studied group of plants, and thus, there is tremendous scope and need for research inAlliumspecies.
Haematological and Histopathological Effects of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy in Healthy Mice
Authors: Okafor Ukamaka Elizabeth , Helen Asolo Chioma , Nwankwo Ogonna Daniel 
Published: September 2020

Artemisinin-based combination therapy had been recommended for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Africa.
Aim: This study investigated the effects of artesunate/amodiaquine (A/A) and dihydroartemisinin/ piperaquine (D/P) on some blood parameters and histopathology of the liver and kidney of mice.
Materials and Methods: A Complete randomized design was applied. Fifty mice were randomly assigned to five treatment groups of ten animals each. Therapeutic doses of the drugs were orally administered to the animals. Group A received normal saline (control), group B received 10/14mg/kg body weight of artesunate/amodiaquine for 3 days, group C received 10/18mg/kg of dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine for 3 days, group D received similar treatment with group B, but were followed up to 28 days, group E received similar treatment with group C but were also followed up to 28 days. After experimental period, blood samples were collected for determination of white blood cell count, white blood cell differential count, red blood cell count, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration. Liver and kidney were also harvested for histopathological analysis.
Results: Result showed that therapeutic doses of artesunate/amodiaquine and dihydroaretmisinin/ piperaquine had no significant (P>0.05) effects on heamatological parameters accessed. Mild inflammation and degeneration of hepatocyte were observed in the liver of the group treated with D/P while fatty change was found in the group treated with A/A. Venous congestion was observed in the kidney of the group treated with D/P. After 28 days, degeneration of hepatocyte and inflammatory cells were observed in the liver. Shrunken glomerulus was found in the kidney of the group treated with D/P.
Conclusion: These drugs are detrimental to the liver and kidney even at therapeutic dose therefore, they should be used with caution.
Prevalence and Determinants of Low Birth Weight in Maseru, Lesotho
Authors: Nwako Azubuike Benjamin , Nwako Okechukwu Francis , Nwako Magaret-Lorritta Chidimma 
Published: September 2020

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of low birth weight and factors that could be associated with low birth weight in a tertiary hospital in Maseru.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Queen Mamohato Memorial Hospital, Maseru, Lesotho, February to May, 2016.
Methods: The mothers who participated were 402 with age range of 15 to 48 years. The study included 412 newborns. Direct measurement of variables was complemented with questionnaire-derived data. There was re-categorization of primary variables. Associations between low birth weight and maternal and newborn characteristics were assessed with multiple logistic regression with a 95% confidence level.
Results: The prevalence of low birth weight was high at 25% out of the 412 newborns. Multivariate analysis suggested that multiple gestations POR=26.39 (95% CI 5.29-131.75), preterm delivery POR=11.64 (95% CI 5.88-23.04), use of unclean energy POR=6.14 (95% CI 2.72-13.85), hypertension POR=3.48 (95% CI 1.70-7.11), HIV POR=2.08 (95% CI 1.07-4.08) and a low paid job POR =2.35 (95% CI 1.08-5.10) were independently associated with low birth weight.
Conclusion: Preventing low birth weight could be addressed by early detection and prompt treatment of hypertension and human immunodeficiency virus infection, and by implementing strategies to prevent premature births.
Effective Modulation of CNS Inhibitory Microenvironment using Bioinspired Hybrid‐Nanoscaffold‐Based Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Yang Letao , Conley Brian M. , Cerqueira Susana R. , Pongkulapa Thanapat , Wang Shenqiang , Lee Jae K. , Lee Ki‐Bum 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) injuries are often debilitating, and most currently have no cure. This is due to the formation of a neuroinhibitory microenvironment at injury sites, which includes neuroinflammatory signaling and non‐permissive extracellular matrix (ECM) components. To address this challenge, a viscous interfacial self‐assembly approach, to generate a bioinspired hybrid 3D porous nanoscaffold platform for delivering anti‐inflammatory molecules and establish a favorable 3D‐ECM environment for the effective suppression of the neuroinhibitory microenvironment, is developed. By tailoring the structural and biochemical properties of the 3D porous nanoscaffold, enhanced axonal growth from the dual‐targeting therapeutic strategy in a human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)‐based in vitro model of neuroinflammation is demonstrated. Moreover, nanoscaffold‐based approaches promote significant axonal growth and functional recovery in vivo in a spinal cord injury model through a unique mechanism of anti‐inflammation‐based fibrotic scar reduction. Given the critical role of neuroinflammation and ECM microenvironments in neuroinhibitory signaling, the developed nanobiomaterial‐based therapeutic intervention may pave a new road for treating CNS injuries.
High‐Capacity Sodium–Prussian Blue Rechargeable Battery through Chelation‐Induced Nano‐Porosity
Authors: Lim Cheryldine Qiu Xuan , Wang Tian , Ong Evon Woan Yuann , Tan Zhi‐Kuang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAcross the different classes of sodium‐ion battery cathodes, Prussian Blue holds the greatest promise because of its high working potentials, abundance, low‐toxicity and ease of synthesis. However, its performance as a sodium‐ion battery cathode has generally been limited to less than 120 mAh g−1, which is inferior compared to commercial lithium‐based counterparts. Here, sodium–Prussian Blue rechargeable batteries with a remarkably high discharge specific capacity of 153 ± 6 mAh g−1 at 1C is reported. This is achieved through the employment of excess ascorbic acid during the colloidal preparation of Prussian Blue crystals, followed by a 200 °C heat‐vacuum drying process. The optical, structural and thermogravimetric investigations show that the chelation of ascorbic acid to the iron ions disrupts the growth of Prussian Blue, and lead to the formation of a useful nano‐porous crystal structure. This allows for deeper percolation of sodium ions into the Prussian Blue crystals, and successfully unlocked useful inner volumes that are otherwise unreachable, thereby leading to an outstanding 47% elevation in specific capacity. This development brings sodium‐based battery technology significantly closer to the incumbent lithium‐ion batteries, and marks an important early step towards its practical application in commercial devices.
Chemodiversity and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Leaves of Croton argyrophyllus
Authors: de Araújo Lidiane Gomes , Veras Germano , de Oliveira Alves João Victor , Oliveira de Veras Bruno , da Silva Márcia Vanusa , Bacalhau Rodrigues José Filipe , Lia Fook Marcus Vinicius , Sagoe Amoah Solomon Kweku , da Conceição de Menezes Torres Maria 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Croton argyrophyllus leaf essential oil has anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic among other activities. However, there are chemical composition variations in the literature. This work reports the first study of the intraspecific chemical variation of C. argyrophyllus population from Pernambuco state, Brazil. The essential oils of nine specimens (OCA1 to OCA9) were analyzed by GC/MS and NIR to identify the chemical compositions and to verify the similarities between the analyzed samples. These analyses resulted in the identification of bicyclogermacrene (mean 38.42 %), (Z)‐caryophyllene (mean of 14.06 %), epi‐longipinanol (mean of 9.78 %) and germacrene B (mean of 9.1 %) as the major constituents, as well as the same chemical markers for all oil samples. However, these are different to those that were previously registered in the literature for C. argyrophyllus essential oil. The data obtained from the analysis by NIR spectroscopy were treated by PCA and HCA and showed similarities in the chemical samples’ profile. By statistical analyses three clusters were obtained: OCA1‐6, OCA7‐8 and OCA9. All these groups were potentially active against Staphylococcus aureus. However, the OCA7‐8 group was the most active.
Manganese‐Doped Hollow Layered Double (Ni, Co) Hydroxide Microcuboids as an Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Tongrui , Huang Haifu , Han Junxing , Yan Faxin , Sun Chunwen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe development of low‐cost, efficient, noble‐metal‐free electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is important for renewable energy conversion. We prepared hierarchical hollow NiCoMn‐layered double hydroxide (LDH) microcuboids that consisted of two dimensional (2D) nanosheets by using a solvothermal method. The prepared Ni6Co11Mn‐LDH exhibits high OER activity, with an overpotential of 248 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a small Tafel slope of 72.2 mV dec−1, which is even better than the noble‐metal RuO2 catalyst. It remains stable after chronopotentiometric testing at a high current density of 100 mA cm−2 for 22 h, indicating potential for practical application. The enhanced OER performance is ascribed to the transition of Ni2+ to Ni3+ in NiCo‐LDH induced by Mn doping, which activates the Ni sites. This work provides an approach to further optimize the OER performance of NiCo‐LDH based catalysts.
Non‐Bonded Radii of the Atoms Under Compression
Authors: Rahm Martin , Ångqvist Mattias , Rahm J. Magnus , Erhart Paul , Cammi Roberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAbstract: We present quantum mechanical estimates for non‐bonded, van der Waals‐like, radii of 93 atoms in a pressure range from 0 to 300 gigapascal. Trends in radii are largely maintained under pressure, but atoms also change place in their relative size ordering. Multiple isobaric contractions of radii are predicted and are explained by pressure‐induced changes to the electronic ground state configurations of the atoms. The presented radii are predictive of drastically different chemistry under high pressure and permit an extension of chemical thinking to different thermodynamic regimes. For example, they can aid in assignment of bonded and non‐bonded contacts, for distinguishing molecular entities, and for estimating available space inside compressed materials. All data has been made available in an interactive web application.
Invasive grass (Microstegium vimineum) indirectly benefits spider community by subsidizing available prey
Authors: Landsman Andrew P. , Burghardt Karin T. , Bowman Jacob L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Invasive plant species cause a suite of direct, negative ecological impacts, but subsequent, indirect effects are more complex and difficult to detect. Where identified, indirect effects to other taxa can be wide‐ranging and include ecological benefits in certain habitats or locations.

Here, we simultaneously examine the direct and indirect effects of a common, invasive grass species (Microstegium vimineum) on the invertebrate communities of understory deciduous forests in the eastern United States. To do this, we use two complementary analytic approaches to compare invaded and reference plots: (a) community composition analysis of understory arthropod taxa and (b) analysis of isotopic carbon and nitrogen ratios of a representative predatory spider species.

Invaded plots contained a significantly greater abundance of nearly all taxa, including predators, herbivores, and detritivores. Spider communities contained over seven times more individuals and exhibited greater species diversity and richness in invaded plots.

Surprisingly, however, the abundant invertebrate community is not nutritionally supported by the invasive plant, despite 100% ground cover of M. vimineum. Instead, spider isotopic carbon ratios showed that the invertebrate prey community found within invaded plots was deriving energy from the plant tissue of C3 plants and not the prevalent, aboveground M. vimineum.

Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate that invasive M. vimineum can create non‐nutritional ecological benefits for some invertebrate taxa, with potential impacts to the nutritional dynamics of invertebrate–vertebrate food webs. These positive impacts, however, may be restricted to habitats that experience high levels of ungulate herbivory or reduced vegetative structural complexity. Our results highlight the importance of fully understanding taxon‐ and habitat‐specific effects of invading plant species when prioritizing invasive species removal or management efforts.