bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contributions of a blended learning based on peer evaluation for teaching drug-drug interactions to undergraduate pharmacy students
Authors: Lawson Roland , Géniaux Hélène , Bailly Serge , Pouget Christelle , Fagnère Catherine , Laroche Marie-Laure , Monteil Jacques , Moreau Jean-Jacques , Picard Nicolas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Numerous studies have pointed out the need for better training of healthcare professionals in drug-drug interactions management in order to minimize adverse drugs reactions impacts on patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of a blended learning strategy based on peer evaluation (PE) for teaching drug-drug interactions to undergraduate pharmacy students.

Methods
Third-year pharmacy students (n = 72) from the University of Limoges were involved in a hybrid teaching using the Moodle platform (2.9 version). After the theoretical lectures, an online activity was proposed to students. Each student submitted a report addressing a clinical case for peer evaluation. Students evaluated the pedagogical approach using an online survey. Quantitative benefits were assessed from students randomly assigned into two groups: PE in pharmacodynamics items (PE-PD) or PE in pharmacokinetics items (PE-PK). During this activity, three marks were given: one from peers for their evaluation work and two from teachers for oral group presentation of the clinical cases and for the final written examination. Statistics were performed using two-tailed unpaired t-test and significance was set for p < 0.05.

Results
Only a few students (n = 14, 20.6%) were aware of the peer evaluation principle and even less, only one student (n = 1, 1.5%), had already encountered it. Students considered that they benefited from this evaluation (n = 65, 95.6%); from their work being reviewed (n = 62, 91.2%) and that they participated in improving their classmates understanding (n = 59, 86.8%). Peers’ allocated marks were similar in the two PE groups (PE-PD = 17.4 ± 1.4; PE-PK = 17.3 ± 1.4). Teachers’ marks for oral presentation were significantly lower for pharmacodynamics than for pharmacokinetics items (PE-PD = 15.2 ± 1.2; PE-PK = 16.1 ± 2.1; p < 0.05). The final examination marks were equivalent in both groups (PE-PD = 11.0 ± 2.1; PE-PK = 11.2 ± 1.9).

Conclusions
Besides the fact that a major short-term quantitative improvement was not detected, our teaching approach was qualified as being a positive and stimulating learning tool by students.
In rats with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary syndrome, the acute blockade of ovarian β-adrenoreceptors improve ovulation
Authors: Venegas Berenice , De León Gordillo Lizzbeth Yureli , Rosas Gabriela , Espinoza Julieta A. , Morán Carolina , Domínguez Roberto , Morales-Ledesma Leticia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovary syndrome is characterized by hyperactivity of the ovarian sympathetic nervous system, increases in the content and release of norepinephrine, as well as decreases in the number of β-adrenoreceptors. In the present study, β-adrenoreceptors in the ovaries of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome were blocked and analyzed the resultant effects on ovulation, hormone secretion and the enzymes responsible for the synthesis of catecholamines.

Methods
At 60 days of age, vehicle or estradiol valerate-treated rats were injected with propranolol [10− 4 M] into the ovarian bursas on oestrus day. The animals were sacrificed on the next day of oestrus, and the ovulation response, the steroid hormone levels in the serum and the immunoreactivity of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase in the ovaries were measured.

Results
In animals with the induction of polycystic ovary syndrome and β-adrenoreceptor blocking, ovulation was restored in more than half of the animals and resulted in decreased hyperandrogenism with respect to the levels observed in the estradiol valerate-treated group. Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase were present in the theca cells of the growing follicles and the interstitial gland. Injection of propranolol restored the tyrosine hydroxylase and ovarian dopamine β-hydroxylase levels in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome induction.

Conclusions
The results suggest that a single injection into the ovarian bursas of propranolol, a nonselective antagonist of β-adrenoreceptor receptors, decreases the serum testosterone concentration and the formation of ovarian cysts, improving the ovulation rate that accompanies lower levels of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine β-hydroxylase in the ovary.
Spray on skin for diabetic foot ulcers: an open label randomised controlled trial
Authors: Manning Laurens , Hamilton Emma J. , Raby Edward , Norman Paul E. , Davis Wendy , Wood Fiona , Carville Keryln , Baba Mendel , Hiew Jonathan , Ryan Erica , Ferreira Ivana , Gittings Paul , Ritter Jens C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundOne Australian loses a limb every 3 h as a result of infected diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). This common condition accounts for substantial morbidity and mortality for affected individuals and heavy economic costs for the health sector and the community. There is an urgent need to test interventions that improve wound healing time, prevent amputations and recurrent ulceration in patients presenting with DFU whilst improving quality of life and reducing health care costs.MethodsOne hundred and fifty eligible participants will be randomised to receive an autologous skin cell suspension, also termed ‘spray‐on’ skin (ReCell®) or standard care interventions for their DFU. The primary outcome is complete wound healing at 6 months, but participants will be followed up for a total of 12 months to enable secondary outcomes including total overall costs, ulcer free days at 12 months and quality of life to be assessed.DiscussionOutpatient costs for dressings, home nursing visits and outpatient appointments are key cost drivers for DFU. If spray‐on skin is effective, large cost savings to WA Health will be realised immediately through a shortened time to healing, and through a higher proportion of patients achieving complete healing. Shortened healing times may enable participants to return to work earlier. Any economic benefits are likely to be amplified across Australia and other similar demographic settings where aging populations with increased diabetes rates are considered major future challenges.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618000511235. Registered on 9 April 2018.
Epilepsy in spinocerebellar ataxia type 8: a case report
Authors: Swaminathan Arun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 8 is an uncommon genetic condition and presents with gait disturbances, ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus, and cognitive and psychiatric abnormalities. Seizures are extremely uncommon in the spinocerebellar ataxias and have been reported only once before in a patient with spinocerebellar ataxia type 8. This case report highlights the need to evaluate spells in patients with a known neurodegenerative or genetic disease to exclude seizures, and it stresses the importance of timely diagnosis and therapy.

Case presentation
The patient was a 22-year-old Caucasian woman with known spinocerebellar ataxia 8 since age 10 years. She was admitted to our hospital with new-onset left hemiparesis and encephalopathy in addition to chronic occurrence of multiple spells of confusion and oromanual automatisms with postictal lethargy. Testing confirmed that she was having recurrent seizures with episodes of nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Urgent treatment with antiepileptic therapy was initiated; her seizures resolved shortly thereafter, and her mental status improved. Her left hemiparesis has improved; she remains seizure-free; and she has returned to her baseline antiepileptic medications following physical therapy.

Conclusions
Seizures have been reported extremely rarely in association with spinocerebellar ataxia 8, but they must be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with spells of altered awareness, especially in those with a known neurodegenerative or genetic condition. Clinicoradiological correlation with symptoms can help expedite diagnosis and treatment. Expert consultation with epileptologists at the earliest signs can help establish the diagnosis quickly, minimize morbidity, and enhance recovery.
A rare anastomosis between the root of common hepatic artery and proper hepatic artery: implications for pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Morinaga Takeshi , Imai Katsunori , Morita Keisuke , Yamamoto Kenichiro , Ikeshima Satoshi , Horino Kei , Shimada Shinya , Baba Hideo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Hepatic artery anomalies are often observed, and the variations are wide-ranging. We herein report a case of pancreatic cancer involving the common hepatic artery (CHA) that was successfully treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) without arterial reconstruction, thanks to anastomosis between the root of CHA and proper hepatic artery (PHA), which is a very rare anastomotic site.

Case presentation
A 78-year-old woman was referred to our department for the examination of a tumor in the pancreatic head. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed a low-density tumor of 40 mm in diameter located in the pancreatic head. The involvement of the common hepatic artery (CHA), the root of the gastroduodenal artery (GDA), and portal vein was noted. Although such cases would usually require PD with arterial reconstruction of the CHA, it was thought that the hepatic arterial flow would be preserved by the anastomotic site between the root of the CHA and the PHA, even if the CHA was dissected without arterial reconstruction. PD with dissection of the CHA and PHA was safely completed without arterial reconstruction, and sufficient hepatic arterial flow was preserved through the anastomotic site between the CHA and PHA.

Conclusion
We presented an extremely rare case of an anastomosis between the CHA and PHA in a patient with pancreatic cancer involving the CHA. Thanks to this anastomosis, surgical resection was successfully performed with sufficient hepatic arterial flow without arterial reconstruction.
The emotional and mental health needs of young carers: what psychiatry can do
Authors: Dharampal Roswitha , Ani Cornelius 
Published: November 2019

Aims and methodTo review the literature on the emotional and mental health needs of young carers of parents with mental illness and the extent to which such needs are recognised and supported by professionals. Three databases were systematically searched from 2008 to 2018, and five studies met the inclusion criteria.ResultsThe key findings were that young caregivers had a significantly higher dose-response mortality risk than their peers; were at increased risk of mental health difficulties, especially where the ill family member was a parent and had mental illness or misused substances; were overlooked by professionals owing to a lack of awareness; but could derive benefits from their caring role when appropriately supported.Clinical implicationsYoung carers are at increased risk regarding emotional and mental health needs; this risk could be mitigated by professionals recognising the young carer's role and including them in their parent's treatment plan.
Is optometry ready for myopia control? Education and other barriers to the treatment of myopia
Authors: McCrann Saoirse , Flitcroft Ian , Loughman James 
Published: November 2019

Background: With the increasing prevalence of myopia there is growing interest in active myopia control. However, the majority of progressive myopes are still prescribed single vision spectacles. This prospective study aims to elucidate the knowledge and attitudes of optometrists toward myopia control, and thereby identify perceived barriers to the implementation of a risk focussed model of myopia management. Methods: A series of four focus group discussions were conducted involving optometrists in different settings and career stages. Results: The key finding to emerge is a clear disconnect between academic optometrists, optometry students and clinicians in practice. Academic faculty considered themselves competent in managing progressive myopia and believed the optometry curriculum provides undergraduates with sufficient clinical skills and knowledge to practise myopia control. Final-year optometry students regarded themselves as knowledgeable about myopia control but lack confidence in their ability to practise myopia control, with only one student indicating they would initiate myopia control therapy. The majority of clinicians do not offer myopia control treatments, other than to communicate lifestyle advice to modify risk of myopia progression. Clinicians alluded to a lack of availability of myopia control interventions and identified a range of barriers relating to their training, clinical practice and public health challenges, financial, technological and other constraints that affect the implementation of such interventions. Conclusion: ﻿It appears optometrists have to yet embrace myopia control as a core element of the clinical eye care service they provide. Education, training, finance, and time restrictions, as well as limited availability of myopia control therapies were among the main perceived barriers to myopia control. This study revealed a distinct need for alignment between optometric training and the public health need for effective myopia control.
PERANAN EKOLOGI MAKROALGA BAGI EKOSISTEM LAUT
Authors: Handayani Tri 
Published: November 2019

ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF MACROALGAE FOR MARINE ECOSYSTEM. Macroalgae is an ecologically and economically important component in marine ecosystem. Ecologically, macroalgae has a role as a primary producer, food for other marine biota, provide shelter, nursery ground and carbon sink. Macroalgae contains photosynthetic pigments to be able to provide their own food and produce carbon dioxide for other marine biota (called primary productivity). Macroalgae is a food source, provide shelter and nursery ground for fish, gastropods (mollusks), crustaceans and sea urchins. Macroalgae also has the ability to to reduce the effects of global warming through carbon sink. Absorption of carbon emissions of anthropogenic activity by marine organisms are called as blue carbon. Therefore, macroalgae is ecologically importantfor the balancing of marine ecosystems sustainability.
SENYAWA BIOAKTIF MIKROALGA DAN PROSPEKNYA DI MASA DEPAN
Authors: Suryaningtyas Indyaswan Tegar 
Published: November 2019

BIOACTIVE COMPOUND FROM MICROALGAE AND ITS FUTURE PROSPECT. Microalgae biomass is potential to be used in various fields, one of which is as a producer of bioactive compounds. Bioactive compounds from microalgae can be used extensively in the pharmaceutical industry, cosmetic’s raw materials, food flavouring substances, and functional food ingredients. In terms of health, the bioactive compounds have the potential as antioxidants, antiviral, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and prevent the effects of malaria, but the potential for microalgae’s bioactive compound has not been explored well if compared to the production of terrestrial plants. Some examples of the bioactive compounds that have been used are carotenoid groups such as lutein, β-carotene, astaxanthin and fucoxanthin; fatty acid groups such as EPA and DHA; and also some toxin compounds such as domoic acid. To obtain the optimum yield of bioactive compounds, it requires the right method in biomass production, compound extraction, compounds isolation and compounds identification. While testing the activities, it is necessary to do some assays such as antioxidan, antibiotic, antiviral and anticancer assay. The development of the technology can improve the potential use of microalgae to synthesis its bioactive compounds.
PENGARUH FAKTOR HIDRODINAMIKA TERHADAP SEBARAN LIMBAH AIR PANAS DI LAUT
Authors: Surinati Dewi , Marfatah Muhammad Ramadhani 
Published: November 2019

HYDRODYNAMICS EFFECT TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF THERMAL WASTE IN THE OCEAN. The ocean is a thermal waste disposal site derived from thermal power plants. The ecosystems and marine biota could be disrupted even massive damaged if this waste was disposed into the ocean without proper processing. All activities in the ocean need a well understanding of hydrodynamics to avoid or minimize any negative effects that may occur. It needs dispersion modeling of heat water prior to the construction of the power plant in order to reduce the impact of environmental damage.
PENGGUNAAN LIDAR (LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING) UNTUK MENGUKUR KEDALAMAN PERAIRAN DANGKAL
Authors: Kusuma Hollanda A , Oktaviani Nadya 
Published: November 2019

UTILIZATION OF LIDAR (LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING) TO MEASURE SHALLOW WATER DEPTH. Understanding on seabed characteristics such as the topography, composition and habitat conditions was very important to provide information not only for shipping activities, conservation, management and planning activities, but also for research activities with accurate bathymetry data. Accurate bathymetric data can be obtained from hydrographic surveys and remote sensing technology analysis. The hydrographic survey is used to obtain bathymetry data by applying singlebeam echosounder (SBES) and multibeam echosounder (MBES). At a depth of <15m (shallow water) was difficult to carry out an acoustic survey. At present there is one remote sensing technology that can be used to support hydrographic surveys namely Bathymetric LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). LIDAR was able to detect objects on land and waters due to being flown by a vehicle. Wide LIDAR sweep makes data acquisition faster and more effective than acoustic noise. Therefore, LIDAR was an alternative to obtain depth data, especially in coastal areas with a depth of less than 50 m.
Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome in children (Review of literature with descriptions of clinical cases)
Authors: Bezlepkina O. B. , Semicheva T. V. , Yarovaya I. S. 
Published: November 2019

One of the main manifestations of juvenile hypothyroidism is usually a delay in both somatic and sexual development. However, in some cases, primary hypothyroidism is accompanied by premature sexual development (PSD).
This was first reported by F. Kendle in 1905. The author observed a girl with cretinism, whose diagnosis was made in the 1st year of life, however, thyroid replacement therapy was not always carried out regularly. At the age of 5, against the background of clinically pronounced signs of hypothyroidism, an increase in the mammary glands, menstrual-like spotting appeared. With the resumption of adequate replacement therapy with thyroid drugs, a cessation of menstruation was observed, a decrease in the size of the mammary glands.
In 1955, S. Bergstrand also drew attention to an unusual combination of untreated primary hypothyroidism and PSD in a 9-year-old girl. Along with the aforementioned manifestations of PSD, the author first noted the expansion of the Turkish saddle in his patient. When prescribing replacement therapy, mensis stopped, a decrease in the size of the mammary glands was observed, and from 15 years (after 6 years of regular administration of thyroid drugs), the patient had a spontaneous puberty having a physiological course.
The first publications were descriptive, and only in 1960 was an attempt to explain the pathogenetic mechanisms of this syndrome for the first time. In their report, J. Van Wyk and M. Grumbach hypothesize a partial hormonal overlap at the pituitary level (the possibility of a hypothalamic or tissue, molecular overlap was not ruled out), as a result of which, under the influence of hypersecretion of tyroliberin, only thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), but also prolactin, gonadotropins. In addition, the authors suggested the possibility of increasing the half-life of estrogens from the body during hypothyroidism, due to which an increase in their effect is observed.
In their article, J. Van Wyk and M. Grumbach describe three girls (7 years old, 8 years old 8 months old, 12 years old 9 months old), who, along with an increase in the size of the mammary glands, had galactorrhea, early onset of menarche, adult sizes of the uterus, cystic -changed ovaries (in a patient of 8 years 8 months). All patients had a delay in the differentiation of the skeleton, an increase in the size of the Turkish saddle. After the appearance of this fundamental article, the syndrome, which includes PSD against the background of a long-running untreated primary hypothyroidism, was called Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome.
Neuroendocrine control of puberty processes in humans and primates
Authors: Babichev V. N. 
Published: November 2019

At present, puberty is considered as a formation period during which sexual sensitivity is formed, secondary sexual characteristics develop, and menstruation first appears in females. The future will show how this combination of features is complete and can be widely used by both professionals and non-specialists. However, it is clear that the process of puberty is a temporary phenomenon and includes both growth and differentiation. In humans and primates, the normal process of puberty occurs during the growth period and ends after complete differentiation. A feature of sexual development in primates is the presence of a significant interval between the time of birth and the onset of the puberty process, the onset of spermatogenesis or the ovarian cycle in them occurs in the second decade of life.
The process of puberty in primates estimated to last for several years and is characterized by a cascade of morphological, physiological and behavioral processes, and an increase in ovarian and testicular activity. Some biological changes occur discretely and can be quantified in this phase of development, others are less obvious and their assessment is more complicated. However, most researchers agree that it is not possible to fix the beginning and end of the puberty process with a certain degree of certainty, let alone show the chronology of events, because they are considered as a process of individual development during puberty.
Proteins binding the thyroid hormones and their physiological role
Authors: Sviridov O. V. 
Published: November 2019

Steroid and thyroid hormones exert a regulatory effect on a whole range of physiological processes that form the basis of the normal development and functioning of the body. In the channel of human blood, from 96 to 99.9% of the total masses of cortisol, progesterone, thyroxine and triiodothyronine circulate in the form of complexes with hormone-binding transport proteins. The free hormone" hypothesis assigns to these transport proteins the passive function of maintaining a stationary pool of biologically active unbound hormones due to the rapid dissociation of complexes in response to the needs of target tissues. Recent studies have revealed the active role of transport proteins and their receptors on the surface of cell membranes in the interaction of steroid and thyroid hormones with competent tissues.
The structural aspects of the biological activity of complexes of corticosteroid-binding and sex steroid-binding globulins with natural ligands are described in detail in a review article. This literature review is devoted to the description of the physicochemical properties and biomedical characteristics of a multicomponent system of proteins that bind thyroid hormones in human blood plasma. Particular attention is paid to the physiological significance of these proteins in the framework of the hypothesis of free hormones and in the light of their recently discovered specific transport functions.