bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Functional Assessment of Transplant Kidneys at 3-Tesla MRI
Authors: S. Thambidurai , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , R. Rupa , R. Sriman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives The main purpose of this article is to measure the fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of cortex and medulla of renal allograft using 3-Tesla diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in renal transplant patients with normal and graft dysfunction and to assess the correlation between diffusion tensor parameters (ADC and FA) and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) value.
Materials and Methods Fifty renal transplant recipients who received either living or cadaveric renal allografts were included in the study. Blood samples for serum creatinine and eGFR value were taken on the same day prior to the magnetic resonance study and the patients were assigned to three groups (A, B, C) according to allograft function (eGFR levels). The mean ADC and FA values of the cortex/medulla in upper, mid, and lower poles were calculated from the DTI sequence. Statistical analysis was performed using paired sample Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance test.
Results The mean ADC values of the cortex were higher than the medulla that was statistically significant. However, the mean FA values were significantly higher in the medulla than the cortex. Mean ADCs and FA of the renal cortex and medulla were significantly higher in group A patients with normal renal function than in group B and C with poor renal functions. The corticomedullary difference in the FA values was more in group A. However, this difference was lower in group B and more so in group C.
Conclusion ADC and FA values in the renal cortex and medulla exhibit a good correlation with allograft function and were significantly lower in transplants with dysfunction than those with good function. FA values appear to be more sensitive than eGFR and ADC for detection of early pathological changes in the graft dysfunction.
Structuring Clinical Data for Improving Departmental Functionality
Authors: Levine Elliot M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA practical clinical information system used in a hospital's Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology is described, demonstrating its utility to automatically provide required regulatory reports and potential clinical performance improvement, in an easy-to-use way. Its use demonstrates how physician's workflow can be left unimpeded, while centralizing scribe activity to translate textually based documentation to structured data, to improve functionality within its departmental activity. The ability to easily view clinical trends from the collected data continues to demonstrate the value of structured data.
A Continuous Suture Anastomosis Outperforms a Simple Interrupted Suture Anastomosis in Esophageal Elongation
Authors: Oetzmann von Sochaczewski Christina , Tagkalos Evangelos , Lindner Andreas , Lang Hauke , Heimann Axel , Muensterer Oliver J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Long-gap esophageal atresia represents a distinct entity among the esophageal atresia spectrum. In many patients, achieving a reasonable anastomosis depends on some millimeters of tissue. We aimed to determine what effect the suturing technique would have on esophageal ex vivo elongation as it may determine the strength of a primary anastomosis.
Materials and Methods In an analysis of porcine esophagi from animals for slaughter (100–120 days old with a weight of 100–120 kg), we determined esophageal length gain of simple continuous and simple interrupted suture anastomoses subjected to linear traction until linear breaking strength was reached. Statistical power of 80% was ensured based on an a priori power analysis using five specimens per group in a separate exploratory experiment.
Results The simple continuous suture anastomosis in 15 porcine esophagi (

= 4.47 cm, 95% confidence interval: 4.08–4.74 cm) outperformed the simple interrupted suture anastomosis in another 15 esophagi (

= 3.03 cm, 95% confidence interval: 2.59–3.43 cm) in length gain (Δ = 1.44 cm, 95% confidence interval: 0.87–2.01 cm, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion Simple continuous anastomoses achieved higher length gain compared with simple interrupted suture anastomoses. This effect warrants an experimental assessment in vivo to assess its potential merits for clinical applicability.
Feasibility of Nonanatomical Liver Resection in Diligently Selected Patients with Hepatoblastoma and Comparison of Outcomes with Anatomic Resection
Authors: Qureshi Sajid S. , Kembhavi Seema A. , Kazi Mufaddal , Smriti Vasundhara , Baheti Akshay , Vora Tushar , Chinnaswamy Girish , Prasad Maya , Amin Nayana , Ramadwar Mukta , Khanna Nehal , Laskar Sidharth 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Treatment guidelines for hepatoblastoma discourage nonanatomic liver resections. However, the evidence for this is inadequate and comes from a study performed almost two decades ago which additionally contained inherent limitations. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and oncologic outcomes of nonanatomic resections (NAR) performed in diligently selected patients and compare the results with anatomic resections (AR).
Materials and Methods A total of 120 patients who underwent liver resections for hepatoblastoma between January 2008 and July 2019 were reviewed. Feasibility of NAR was based on postchemotherapy relations to vessels, site of the lesion, and possibility of achieving negative resection margins.
Results AR was performed in 95 patients and 25 had NAR. The NAR cohort had similar International Childhood Liver Tumors Strategy Group (SIOPEL) risk group distribution. Blood loss and operative times were lower in patients undergoing NAR. No differences were noted between the two groups concerning postoperative morbidity and hospitalization. There were no pathologic positive margins or local recurrences in the NAR patients. Relapse free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) was similar in the two groups (p = 0.54 and 0.96, respectively). Subgroup analysis of only posttreatment extent of tumor (POSTTEXT) I and II patients also showed no difference in RFS or OS for the two groups with a persistent significant difference in operative times and blood loss.
Conclusion NAR is feasible with clear margins in carefully selected patients. It is not associated with more complications and outcomes are not inferior to AR. NAR is associated with lesser blood loss and operative time.
Fifteen-Year Single-Center Experience of Biliary Complications in Liver Trauma Patients: Changes in the Management of Posttraumatic Bile Leak
Authors: Stonelake Stephen , Ali Sana , Pinkey Benjamin , Ong Evelyn , Anbarasan Ravindar , McGuirk Simon , Perera Thamera , Mirza Darius , Muiesan Paolo , Sharif Khalid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Management of posttraumatic bile leak has evolved over time in our unit, from endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) stenting to intraperitoneal drainage (IPD) alone as first-line treatment for intraperitoneal bile leak.
Materials and Methods Retrospective review of liver trauma patients from 2002 to 2017. Demographics, time and mode of diagnosis of bile leak, management, and outcome were analyzed of the box plot.
Results In 118 patients, there were 28 traumatic bile leaks. Eighteen were free intraperitoneal and 10 were localized bilomas. The median time of diagnosis was 6 days following injury. The modes of diagnosis were preemptive hepatobiliary scintigraphy (18), computed tomography (CT) or ultrasound (7), and laparotomy (3). Free intraperitoneal biliary leak management included 11 IPD alone, 3 IPD plus ERCP, 2 IPD plus transcystic biliary stent (TBS), 1 operative cholangiogram, and 1 no intervention. Median time of IPD duration was 7 days (4–95) in IPD alone versus 14 days (6–40) in IPD + ERCP/TBS (p = 0.3). Median inpatient length of stay was 13 days (8–44) in IPD alone versus 12 days (8–22) in IPD + ERCP/TBS (p = 0.4).
Conclusion Placement of IPD alone, as first-line treatment, is safe and effective in the management of intraperitoneal bile leaks, avoiding the costs and potential complications of ERCP.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Thrombosis: A National Inpatient Sample Study
Authors: Cohen Jessica B. , Comer Diane M. , Yabes Jonathan G. , Ragni Margaret V. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction Thrombosis is more common in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients than the general population, but disease-specific correlates of thrombosis remain unclear.
Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample between 2009 and 2014, using International Disease Classification codes to identify IBD and non-IBD patients with or without thrombosis. We used NIS-provided discharge-level weights to reflect prevalence estimates. Categoric variables were analyzed by Rao-Scott Chi-square test, continuous variables by weighted simple linear regression, and covariates associated with thrombosis by weighted multivariable logistic regression.
Results Thrombosis prevalence in IBD was significantly greater than in non-IBD, 7.52 versus 4.54%, p < 0.0001. IBD patients with thrombosis were older and more likely to be Caucasian than IBD without thrombosis, each p < 0.001. Thrombosis occurred most commonly in the mesenteric vein. Thrombotic risk factors in IBD include surgery, ports, malignancy, dehydration, malnutrition, and steroids at 53.7, 13.2, 13.1, 12.4, 8.9, and 8.2%, respectively. Those with thrombosis had greater severity of illness, 1.42 versus 0.96; length of stay, 7.7 versus 5.5 days; and mortality, 3.8 versus 1.5%; all p < 0.0001. Adjusting for age and comorbidity, odds ratios for predictors of thrombosis included ports, steroids, malnutrition, and malignancy at 1.73, 1.61, 1.34, and 1.13, respectively, while Asian race, 0.61, was protective, each p < 0.001.
Conclusion Thrombosis prevalence is 1.7-fold greater in IBD than non-IBD patients. Adjusting for age and comorbidity, the odds ratio for thrombosis in IBD was 73% higher with ports, 61% higher with steroids, 34% with malnutrition, and 13% with malignancy. Whether long-term anticoagulation would benefit the latter is unknown.
Thr90Ser Mutation in Antithrombin is Associated with Recurrent Thrombosis in a Heterozygous Carrier
Authors: Lu Yeling , Villoutreix Bruno O. , Biswas Indranil , Ding Qiulan , Wang Xuefeng , Rezaie Alireza R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAntithrombin (AT) is a serine protease inhibitor that regulates the activity of coagulation proteases of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. We identified an AT-deficient patient with a heterozygous Thr90Ser (T90S) mutation who experiences recurrent venous thrombosis. To understand the molecular basis of the clotting defect, we expressed AT-T90S in mammalian cells, purified it to homogeneity, and characterized its properties in established kinetics, binding, and coagulation assays. The possible effect of mutation on the AT structure was also evaluated by molecular modeling. Results demonstrate the inhibitory activity of AT-T90S toward thrombin and factor Xa has been impaired three- to fivefold in both the absence and presence of heparin. The affinity of heparin for AT-T90S has been decreased by four- to fivefold. Kinetic analysis revealed the stoichiometry of AT-T90S inhibition of both thrombin and factor Xa has been elevated by three- to fourfold in both the absence and presence of heparin, suggesting that the reactivity of coagulation proteases with AT-T90S has been elevated in the substrate pathway. The anticoagulant activity of AT-T90S has been significantly impaired as analyzed in the AT-deficient plasma supplemented with AT-T90S. The anti-inflammatory effect of AT-T90S was also decreased. Structural analysis predicts the shorter side-chain of Ser in AT-T90S has a destabilizing effect on the structure of AT and/or the AT-protease complex, possibly increasing the size of an internal cavity and altering a hydrogen-bonding network that modulates conformations of the allosterically linked heparin-binding site and reactive center loop of the serpin. This mutational effect increases the reactivity of AT-T90S with coagulation proteases in the substrate pathway.
Second-harmonic generation in zinc blende crystals under combined action of femtosecond optical and strong terahertz fields
Authors: Bodrov S.B. , Korytin A.I. , Sergeev Yu.A. , Stepanov A.N. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The influence of a short intense (with an electric field strength up to 250 kV cm−1) terahertz (THz) pulse on the generation of second harmonic (SH) of Ti : sapphire laser radiation in crystals of zinc blende type (InAs and GaAs), characterised by nonzero bulk quadratic susceptibility, is investigated. It is experimentally shown for InAs(100) that, in the case of s-polarised first and second harmonics, an application of s-polarised THz field changes significantly the SH signal. The THz field-induced azimuthal dependence of the SH signal is in good agreement with the results of theoretical calculation within a phenomenological approach. The dependence of the SH signal on the delay time between the optical and THz pulses is investigated. This dependence for the GaAs crystal repeats the envelope of the THz pulse intensity, whereas in the case of InAs crystal there is a significant discrepancy, caused by the nonlinear dynamics of strong THz field in InAs.
The effect of animacy on object pronoun distinctions in L2 Spanish
Authors: Olsen Michael Kevin , Juffs Alan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWhen acquiring Spanish object pronouns (OP), English-speaking second language (L2) learners must learn the variety of forms available, word order, and case distinctions. The acquisition of case distinctions in particular is an aspect that has not been thoroughly investigated.Zyzik (2006)showed, through production tasks, that English-speaking L2Spanish learners overgeneralize the dative form to accusative contexts when the referent is animate. This study investigates how L2learners use animacy (human, animal, and inanimate object) instead of case marking as cues to interpret and produce L2Spanish object pronouns. Data from an interpretation task and a fill-in-the-blank production task were collected from 121 intermediate to advanced levels of Spanish learners. Results from linear mixed effects models reveal that learners show effects of the influence of animacy on object pronoun distinction in comprehension as well as production. A key new finding is that learners use the dative form with human referents, reserving accusative forms for animals and inanimate referents. These results provide evidence that animacy cues strongly influence L2Spanish learners in the formation of their OP paradigm, especially at lower-proficiency levels. As proficiency increases, L2learners begin to rely on case cues to distinguish Spanish OPs.
Notes on plurality and the count/mass distinction in Guató
Authors: Godoy Gustavo , Alves Walter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Guató is an isolate, nearly extinct indigenous language. Only two elders, VS and EF, remember it. They both live in the Pantanal (State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). Despite the decline in the number of speakers due to farmers’ invading land that once belonged to Indigenous people, new research has been conducted, resulting in a description of some aspects of its grammar. This paper shows the distribution of plural affixes, as used by EF. In Guató, all nouns combine directly with numerals, whether these nouns are mass or count. The language grammaticalizes the mass-count distinction only in the interpretation of quantifiers.
Individuation, counting, and measuring in the grammar of Kadiwéu
Authors: Sandalo Filomena 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This work approaches some grammatical differences in the linguistic expression of counting, measuring, aggregating, and quantity comparison and partition in Kadiwéu, a classifier language spoken in Brazil. This paper brings evidence via the grammar of comparison and partition that the counting/measuring distinction is a genuine grammatical distinction. This work also shows that aggregate nouns in Kadiwéu pattern grammatically neither with substance nouns nor with naturally atomic object nouns. That is, Kadiwéu has a specific grammatical expression for groups as atoms.
Maxakalí has suppletion, numerals and associatives but no plurals
Authors: Nevins Andrew , Coelho da Silva Mário 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Maxakalí language lacks additive plurals (akin to dog-s) on nouns, but has associative plurals, and a large set of suppletive verbs that indicate whether the internal argument is plural or not. Although it has no plural marking, Maxakalí distinguishes between count nouns and mass nouns. The former can be followed by numerals, while the latter must be coerced or occur with container words. Only count nouns can be distinguished between singular and plural with verbal number. Mass nouns always require plural verbal number. Count nouns are compatible with words like ‘many’ indicating cardinality, while mass nouns are compatible with words like ‘big’ for volume. Granulated substances have variable behavior, depending on whether treated as a whole or as several individuated items. Numerals in Maxakalí show an unusual pattern, whereby 1–3 are treated as unaccusative verbs, and 4 and up, being loanwords, are treated as unergative verbs.
Count and mass nouns in Patxohã
Authors: Bomfim Anari , Lima Suzi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper describes the count/mass distinction in Patxohã, a revitalized language spoken in Bahia and Minas
Gerais, Brazil. We observe that only count nouns can be directly combined with numerals and that only count nouns can co-occur
with plural determiners. Furthermore, only count nouns can be combined with size adjectives. As for quantifiers, we observe that
at least one quantifier in the language (nitxi) can be combined with count and mass nouns, but trigger different
interpretations depending on the noun it is combined with. We also discuss the use of container phrases in counting and measuring
contexts.
Count-mass distinction in Sakurabiat
Authors: Vilacy Galucio Ana , Nascimento Costa Carla 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Acknowledging the fact that not all languages seem to distinguish grammatically between mass nouns and count
nouns, this paper aims to provide information on whether or not the count-mass distinction is expressed in the Sakurabiat
language, which belongs to the Tuparic branch of the Tupian linguistic family. The paper presents a brief survey of the
grammatical properties associated with notional mass and notional count nouns in Sakurabiat. The properties of constructions with
nouns and numerals are described and compared to constructions with pluralized nouns and numerals. The question of individual
versus event quantification with numerals, and the role played by quantifiers and comparatives are also analyzed. The Sakurabiat
data contributes to the investigation about the expression (or non-expression) of a count-mass distinction in underrepresented and
understudied languages.
The count-mass distinction in Terena
Authors: Sanchez-Mendes Luciana , Quadros Gomes Ana Paula , Julio Aronaldo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper examines the count-mass distinction in Terena (Aruák, Brazil) by focusing on plural marking availability, numeral and quantifier distribution and cardinal versus volume interpretation in quantity judgment tests. The data collected from the initial research of these features in Terena reveals the relevancy of the count-mass distinction in the language with some signature properties: (i) only count nouns can be directly combined with numerals; (ii) only count nouns can be used with the quantifier êno with the interpretarion of many individuals rather than a large quantity; and finally, (iii) only count nouns can express cardinality of individuals in a comparative sentence such as John has more N than Peter. Plural morpheme distribution is unsuitable for distinguishing count from mass nouns (such as in English) since mass nouns can be pluralized in Terena, provided noun denotations have individuals to allow for number rather than volume quantity interpretation.
The nominal system in Wapishana (Aruák), preliminary results
Authors: Guerra Vicente Helena , Sanchez-Mendes Luciana , Pires De Oliveira Roberta , Lunguinho Marcus Vinicius , Leandro Wendy Mary 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide a preliminary investigation into the nominal system of Wapishana, focusing on the count vs. mass distinction, which is grammatically encoded in this language. Evidence for this distinction can be identified in the constraints imposed by the presence of numerals, number marking, and quantifiers. Nouns such as wyn ‘water’ do not combine with numerals, whereas other words such as baydkury ‘jaguar’ do. The suffixation of the morpheme -nau/-nhau to express plurality seems to be optional and may even be blocked by the presence of numerals. The language exhibits specialized quantifiers for count, liquid, and non-liquid mass nouns.
The count/mass distinction in Ye’kwana
Authors: Coutinho Costa Isabella 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a description of the count/mass distinction in Ye’kwana, a Cariban language spoken in Brazil and Venezuela. The methodology used was based on Lima & Rothstein’s questionnaire this volume). The data shows that Ye’kwana is a bare noun language and that mass and count nouns can be pluralized. However, numerals need a container phrase in order to be directly combined with mass nouns. Nominal quantifierswannaandoojecan be directly combined with count and mass nouns, but they show different interpretations.
“Gracias pana”
Authors: Lower Amanda 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Compliments and compliment responses are a frequent topic of study in face-to-face interactions (see Chen 2010 for an overview), and are gaining traction in online interactions. This study builds on works on compliment responses online; particularly work by Placencia, Lower, and Powell (2016), by examining compliment responses given by Ecuadorian males on Facebook (FB). The sole focus here is male behavior: how males respond to compliments from other males. Largely ignored in compliment research as a whole, this study demonstrates that Ecuadorian males frequently engage in compliment response behavior on FB, and, appear to be guided by face needs and constraints when responding. Despite the ubiquitous nature of emoticons in online communications, their use in compliment responses by Ecuadorian males on FB was totally absent.
Complimenting behavior in Spanish political discourse on Twitter
Authors: Pano Alamán Ana 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study explores complimenting behavior in interactions between Spanish politicians and citizens on Twitter. It adopts a corpus-based methodology, using both quantitative and qualitative analysis to identify the topics which give rise to compliments being paid, the linguistic strategies adopted by users in their complimentary replies to politicians, and the functions of such compliments. The results show that users frequently pay compliments on the basis of performance and ability, and combine explicit and implicit compliments with congratulatory messages, requests, and advice. Finally, in terms of social functions, compliments in this context appear to enhance both the affiliative and the autonomy face of the interactants.
Uniform straw-like cell architecture for three-dimensional cell–cell communication assay
Authors: Inubushi Yusaku , Sakaguchi Yoshiki , Tachibana Akira 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

We fabricated uniform straw-like cell architecture with central lumen using a suture thread within 1 h. The architecture consisting of cancer cells and mature adipocyte was used for cell–cell communication assay, although mature adipocyte could not form spontaneous multi-cellular spheroids. Using the system, it is possible to investigate three-dimensional cell–cell communication as an alternative to animal experiments.

Abbreviations
EB: embryoid body; 2D: two-dimension; 3D: three-dimension; PBS: phosphate buffered saline