bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS CIYCLE COSTING DAN WASTE MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS PADA KOLAM IKAN 4G DAN AZOLLA
Authors: Sugiyarti Listya , Asmilia Nur 
Published: October 2020

One of Mina Kahuripan fish cultivators in Jampang village located in Bogor Regency has innovation and achievements in managing fish and its fish feed, and is the largest fish producer in Bogor Regency. One of the innovations of fish cultivators is the use of a 4G (Four G) fish pond. Besides the fish pond innovation, there is another innovation, namely the use of the Azolla plant. This research aims to analyze the collaboration between Azolla and the 4G pond in waste management scenarios and cycle costing. This research is a qualitative research phenomenon. The data collection technique is done by using observation, interview, documentation, and experiment techniques. Respondents of this study were fish cultivators Mina Kahuripan in Jampang Bogor Village. The results showed that the cycle costing analysis between conventional and 4G fish ponds, it was seen that the production costs in conventional ponds were higher because the media used were all purchased by new categories, while the production costs for 4G fish ponds were lower even though there was a budget for Azolla plant ponds, the quality of the fish produced was guaranteed. Lower production costs are due to the fish cultivators doing waste management from the waste in making 4G fish ponds, resulting in cost efficiency. Another advantage of Waste management scenarios utilizes waste from vegetable and fruit plants that are above the 4G fish pond
Attention extends beyond single words in beginning readers
Authors: Snell Joshua , Cauchi Christophe , Grainger Jonathan , Lété Bernard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA common notion is that during the first stages of learning to read, attention is narrowly focused so as to encompass only a single or a few letters. In skilled adult readers, however, attention extends beyond single words. The latter is evidenced by faster recognition of words that have many letters in common with surrounding words, along with correlations between such integration effects and measures of attention. These premises suggest that the distribution of attention gradually increases as a function of reading skill, and that this progression can be mapped by measuring spatial integration effects across the course of reading development. The latter was undertaken in the present study, in which we employed the flanker paradigm combined with the lexical decision task. Children in grades 1―6 (N = 113) were shown central target words flanked by various types of orthographically related and unrelated flanking stimuli. Against expectations, significant effects of flanker relatedness on word recognition speed were found in the youngest children, and this effect was not modulated by reading age. Our results challenge the notion that attention is focused on single letters in beginning readers, and instead suggest that, from the earliest stages of reading development, orthographic processing can extend beyond single words.
The Role of Hematological Parameters in the Etiology of Missed Abortion
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Tuğba , TANRIDAN OKÇU Nefise 
Published: October 2020

Aim: To compare mean platelet volume (MPV) values and platelet counts of normal pregnancies and patients with missed abortions to determine whether hematological parameters such as MPV and platelet counts (PLT) can predict unsuccessful pregnancy particularly missed abortion.
Material and Methods: This retrospective case-control study investigated the hematological parameters of patients diagnosed with missed abortion and the control group. Among 476 cases, 238 participants with missed abortion were included in the study group and 238 healthy pregnant women were included in the control group. The mean age of the missed abortion group was 33.50 and the mean age of the control group was 32.
Result: Age showed a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.01). Gestational age was higher in the missed abortion group than that in the control group (p < 0.001). Significant differences in gravida (p < 0.001) and parity (p = 0.002) were observed. Smoking was higher in the missed abortion group than that in the control group (p < 0.001). RDW-SD (p < 0.001) and hematocrit (p = 0.032) showed significant differences between groups. There was no significant correlation between MPV (p = 0.155; OR = 1.097; CI = 0.966_1.247), PDW (p = 0.695; OR = 0.991; CI = 0.947_1.037), PCT (P = 0.468) and missed abortion.
Conclusion: Hematological parameters such as MPV may not be used as a screening or diagnostic test for unsuccessful pregnancies particularly missed abortion as shown in the current study.
The Great Inequality and the Dynamical Disintegration of the Outer Solar System
Authors: Zink Jon K. , Batygin Konstantin , Adams Fred C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Using an ensemble of N-body simulations, this paper considers the fate of the outer gas giants (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) after the Sun leaves the main sequence and completes its stellar evolution. Due to solar mass loss—which is expected to remove roughly half of the star’s mass—the orbits of the giant planets expand. This adiabatic process maintains the orbital period ratios, but the mutual interactions between planets and the width of mean-motion resonances (MMR) increase, leading to the capture of Jupiter and Saturn into a stable 5:2 resonant configuration. The expanded orbits, coupled with the large-amplitude librations of the critical MMR angle, make the system more susceptible to perturbations from stellar flyby interactions. Accordingly, within about 30 Gyr, stellar encounters perturb the planets onto the chaotic subdomain of the 5:2 resonance, triggering a large-scale instability, which culminates in the ejections of all but one planet over the subsequent ∼10 Gyr. After an additional ∼50 Gyr, a close stellar encounter (with a perihelion distance less than ∼200 au) liberates the final planet. Through this sequence of events, the characteristic timescale over which the solar system will be completely dissolved is roughly 100 Gyr. Our analysis thus indicates that the expected dynamical lifetime of the solar system is much longer than the current age of the universe, but is significantly shorter than previous estimates.
The Energetic Thermonuclear Bursts in SAX J1712.6–3739
Authors: Lin Jie , Yu Wenfei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The neutron star low-mass X-ray binary SAX J1712.6–3739 is known for its long and hard thermonuclear X-ray bursts from previous observations. Its thermonuclear bursts are so distinct as they can last for tens of minutes, as seen with Swift/BAT (E > 15 keV). To explore the origin of these extreme bursts and the nature of SAX J1712.6–3739, we analyzed the observations of all four bursts that were captured by Swift/BAT and derived the peak flux and the fluence of these bursts from joint studies with Swift/XRT and Swift/BAT. The derived bolometric peak fluxes observed by Swift set the distance of SAX J1712.6–3739 to be 4.6–5.6 kpc, while the derived absolute magnitude and average accretion rate agree with its ultracompact nature. Our measurements of the effective duration of these bursts conclude that the 2010 burst corresponds to a normal X-ray burst, the 2011 burst is consistent with an intermediate-duration burst, while the 2014 and the 2018 bursts are more energetic than common intermediate-duration bursts but less energetic than those known superbursts. We estimated that the average mass accretion rate of SAX J1712.6–3739 was about only 0.4%–0.7%

. Current theory predicts no carbon production in the bursters under such low accretion rate. If true, the 2014 and 2018 bursts are then deep helium bursts instead of carbon bursts. The thermonuclear bursts of SAX J1712.6–3739 have shown a very wide range of durations. The ignition model predicts that the diverse burst durations are induced by variable accretion rates, but current results provide only weak support to this inference.
Chasing Accreted Structures within Gaia DR2 Using Deep Learning
Authors: Necib Lina , Ostdiek Bryan , Lisanti Mariangela , Cohen Timothy , Freytsis Marat , Garrison-Kimmel Shea 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In previous work, we developed a deep neural network classifier that only relies on phase-space information to obtain a catalog of accreted stars based on the second data release of Gaia (DR2). In this paper, we apply two clustering algorithms to identify velocity substructure within this catalog. We focus on the subset of stars with line-of-sight velocity measurements that fall in the range of Galactocentric radii

and vertical distances

. Known structures such as Gaia Enceladus and the Helmi stream are identified. The largest previously unknown structure, Nyx, is a vast stream consisting of at least 200 stars in the region of interest. This study displays the power of the machine-learning approach by not only successfully identifying known features but also discovering new kinematic structures that may shed light on the merger history of the Milky Way.
Cosmological 3D H i Gas Map with HETDEX Lyα Emitters and eBOSS QSOs at z = 2: IGM−Galaxy/QSO Connection and a ∼40 Mpc Scale Giant H ii Bubble Candidate
Authors: Mukae Shiro , Ouchi Masami , Hill Gary J. , Gebhardt Karl , Cooper Erin Mentuch , Jeong Donghui , Saito Shun , Fabricius Maximilian , Gawiser Eric , Ciardullo Robin , Farrow Daniel , Davis Dustin , Zeimann Greg , Finkelstein Steven L. , Gronwall Caryl , Liu Chenxu , Zhang Yechi , Byrohl Chris , Ono Yoshiaki , Schneider Donald P. , Jarvis Matt J. , Casey Caitlin M. , Mawatari Ken 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present cosmological (30−400 Mpc) distributions of neutral hydrogen (H i) in the intergalactic medium (IGM) traced by Lyα emitters (LAEs) and QSOs at z = 2.1–2.5, selected with the data of the ongoing Hobby–Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) and the eBOSS survey. Motivated by a previous study of Mukae et al., we investigate spatial correlations of LAEs and QSOs with H i tomography maps reconstructed from H i Lyα forest absorption in the spectra of background galaxies and QSOs obtained by the CLAMATO survey and this study, respectively. In the cosmological volume far from QSOs, we find that LAEs reside in regions of strong H i absorption, i.e., H i rich, which is consistent with results of previous galaxy−background QSO pair studies. Moreover, there is an anisotropy in the H i distribution plot of transverse and line-of-sight distances; on average the H i absorption peak is blueshifted by ∼200 km s−1 from the LAE Lyα redshift, reproducing the known average velocity offset between the Lyα emission redshift and the galaxy systemic redshift. We have identified a ∼40 Mpc scale volume of H i underdensity that is a candidate for a giant H ii bubble, where six QSOs and an LAE overdensity exist at

. The coincidence of the QSO and LAE overdensities with the H i underdensity indicates that the ionizing photon radiation of the QSOs has created a highly ionized volume of multiple proximity zones in a matter overdensity. Our results suggest an evolutionary picture where H i gas in an overdensity of galaxies becomes highly photoionized when QSOs emerge in the galaxies.
A Comparative Modeling Study of the Seasonal, Temporal, and Spatial Distribution of Meteoroids in the Upper Atmospheres of Venus, Earth, and Mars
Authors: Janches Diego , Bruzzone Juan Sebastian , Pokorný Petr , Carrillo-Sanchez Juan Diego , Sarantos Menelaos 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The meteoroid input function (MIF) describes the seasonal, diurnal and planetographic distribution of incoming meteoroids onto an atmosphere and/or surface of a solar system body. Utilizing state-of-the-art dynamical models of the main populations of meteoroids, we present a comparative study of the MIF on the atmospheres of Venus, Earth and Mars. Our modeling results show that, although a planet's axial tilt and orbital eccentricity introduce measurable important variability of the overall MIF, excursions from the ecliptic plane due to orbital inclination are responsible for the largest differences, producing variations of up to 40% with respect to the mean value in the overall mass fluxes of Venus and Mars. This is particularly true for meteoroid populations concentrated around the ecliptic plane, which are believed to be the dominant source of organics and metals on the atmospheres of these planets.
Genus-level revision of the Alycaeidae (Gastropoda, Cyclophoroidea), with an annotated species catalogue
Authors: Páll-Gergely Barna , Sajan Sheikh , Tripathy Basudev , Meng Kaibaryer , Asami Takahiro , Ablett Jonathan D. 
Published: October 2020

412 species-group names (including 11 replacement names), and 14 genus-group names of the Alycaeidae have been introduced to date. Type materials of 85% (336) of the known species and subspecies were examined, a further 5% (19) of the taxa were studied using available non-type material, and for another 6% (22) the original descriptions were sufficiently detailed to evaluate their taxonomic status. Only 3% of the taxa (12) could not be examined. Special attention was paid to the sculpture of the embryonic whorls and the sutural tube-microtunnel system in order to provide a novel classification for this group.
In this study 363 taxa (320 species or 43 subspecies) are accepted within the family Alycaeidae. Of these, 22 have been described by the lead author and his coauthors in previous publications. In addition, there are 18 species that were formerly classified in Cycloryx and now belong to Pincerna due to its synonymy with Cycloryx. Among the remaining 323 species, 209 (65%) are transferred here to another genus, whilst 114 (35%) have remained in their original genus.
Seven genera are accepted. While some questions (e.g., the distinction between Pincerna and Alycaeus) remained unanswered, this revision made three main achievements: (1) The Dicharax species were identified based on the absence of spiral striation on the entire shell; (2) the Metalycaeus species were identified based on the spiral striation of the protoconch; (3) and Stomacosmethis was separated from Alycaeus based on the extremely short sutural tube.
Five nominal species are being synonymised with other species, and eight species are now treated as subspecies. The following replacement names are proposed: Dioryx urnula niosiensis Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus urnula var. daflaensis Godwin-Austen, 1914; Dioryx urnula rotundus Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus urnula var. globosus Godwin-Austen, 1914; Pincerna crenilabris juttingae Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus crenilabris laevis van Benthem Jutting, 1959; Pincerna crenilabris korintjiensis Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus crenilabris latecostatus van Benthem Jutting, 1959; Dicharax conicus jatingaensis Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus conicus var. nanus Godwin-Austen, 1914; Metalycaeus godwinausteni Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus neglectus Godwin-Austen, 1914; and finally Metalycaeus suhajdai Páll-Gergely, nom. nov. for Alycaeus varius Godwin-Austen, 1914.
A Summer Professional Immersion in Nursing Program for Underrepresented Minority Undergraduate Students
Authors: Johnson Rolanda L. , Steed Julia , Parker Shaunna , Schorn Mavis N. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
By 2044, more than 50% of the U.S. population will consist of ethnic/racial minorities. To facilitate optimal health, the projected nursing workforce should mirror this statistic. This pilot study examined the effects of a Summer Professional Immersion in Nursing Program (SPIN) on confidence in career decision making of under-represented minority undergraduate students. The 4-week program exposed participants to various nursing experiences.

Method:
The Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale was administered pre- and post-SPIN to measure level of confidence in career decision making.

Results:

The sample included eight women, with an average age of 19.63 years (
SD
= 0.52). Comparative analysis was performed using a reliable change index. The pre- to post-SPIN change was 0.38, indicating a meaningful significant increase in confidence.

Conclusion:

SPIN is an example for nursing programs interested in attracting undergraduate underrepresented minority students. The program positively influenced self-efficacy toward career selection and may positively influence enrollment of underrepresented nurses in the future.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(11):631–636.]
Le <em>Dichiarazioni anticipate di trattamento</em> del Comitato Nazionale per la Bioetica: l’ispirazione alla <em>Convenzione sui diritti dell’uomo</em> e la biomedicina
Authors: Bompiani Adriano 
Published: October 2020

L’Autore riporta le successive formulazioni che, in seno al Comitato di bioetica del Consiglio d’Europa, ha subito il testo dell’art. 9 della Convenzione sui diritti dell’uomo e la biomedicina (cosiddetta Convenzione di Oviedo, 1997), che tratta delle indicazioni che la persona può esprimere, in forma di desideri, in merito ai trattamenti sanitari applicabili in condizioni vitali in cui può essere impossibile esprimere consenso o dissenso.
Il documento del comitato Nazionale di Bioetica, dal titolo Dichiarazioni anticipate di trattamento, è conforme alle indicazioni del Consiglio d’Europa.
La presa in carico del paziente con sclerosi laterale amiotrofica: questioni etiche nelle varie fasi della malattia
Authors: Pasetti Carlo , Zanini Giovanna 
Published: October 2020

Molti sono stati i cambiamenti che si sono verificati in questi ultimi anni nella prassi clinica e nella presa in carico del paziente con sclerosi laterale amiotrofica, nonostante la perdurante assenza di terapie farmacologiche efficaci.
Tali cambiamenti possono essere così riassunti: a) sul piano clinico: l’istituzione di unità interdisciplinari di trattamento alla SLA; la possibilità di impiego di nuove procedure terapeutiche in grado non di modificare la prognosi della malattia ma di prolungarne la sopravvivenza; una sempre maggiore attenzione per la riabilitazione e le malattie croniche progressive; b) sul piano etico: il progressivo affermarsi del principio di autonomia; l’evoluzione di nuovi modelli di relazione medico-paziente.
Questi fattori hanno comportato per gli operatori coinvolti nella presa in carico la irrinunciabile necessità di confrontarsi con nuove questioni etiche, solo pochi anni or sono ritenute del tutto impensabili: 1. la comunicazione della diagnosi e della prognosi; 2. i processi decisionali nelle fasi più avanzate della malattia; 3. l’accompagnamento alla morte e al morente.
Vengono discusse in dettaglio le singoli questioni etiche, arrivando alle seguenti considerazioni conclusive:
1. in tutti i punti nodali della presa in carico del paziente con SLA una corretta informazione e una buona capacità di comunicazione dei terapeuti sono considerati elementi chiave per una gestione clinica che eviti nel paziente rischi di comportamenti autolesivi o di fughe nella medicina alternativa e nel medico rischi di disimpegno terapeutico, angoscia decisionale, burn out;
2. è indispensabile fare evolvere nuovi modelli di relazione medico-paziente, diversi da quelli di tipo paternalistico ma anche da quelli di tipo contrattualistico o utilitaristico, ritenuti più adeguati in questo contesto, come il modello dell’alleanza terapeutica;
3. il rispetto del principio di autonomia e degli strumenti che ne derivano (consenso informato e direttive anticipate in particolare) vengono ritenuti certo un punto forte, ma non l’unico télos etico dell’azione, che deve comunque sempre tendere ad ispirarsi anche, e soprattutto, al principio di beneficenza;
4. un accompagnamento farmaco-protetto alla morte e al morente, calato in un’attenta presenza e in un elevato livello relazionale, secondo un’etica delle virtù che valorizzi le buone intenzioni, può configurarsi come una terza via tra i due opposti errori etici costituiti dall’eutanasia e dall’accanimento terapeutico, terza via che consente di superare annose diatribe tra differenti orientamenti e appare più in linea con paradigmi universalmente accettati e accettabili.
L’impotenza <em>generandi</em> e <em>coeundi</em> nell’uomo e nella donna: <em>humano modo</em> e <em>verum semen</em>
Authors: Picardi Roberto 
Published: October 2020

Nel presente articolo viene affrontato il tema dell’impotenza secondo tre prospettive: giuridico-canonica, giuridico-civile, medica.
Per il Diritto Canonico, l’impotenza a compiere la copula (impotentia coeundi), a differenza della sterilità, costituisce un impedimento dirimente e rende nullo il matrimonio, ed è così un ostacolo alla validità del matrimonio. Tale impotenza può essere di due tipi: organica o funzionale. Essa deve essere inoltre antecedenti il contratto matrimoniale e perpetue.
Nel Diritto Civile, l’impotenza, come disagio o anomalia o malattia, può sollevare numerosi problemi, tra questi è prevalente la richiesta d’accertamento e di disconoscimento di paternità.
Per quanto riguarda, infine, il momento medico, esso viene affrontato nell’articolo in funzione degli aspetti utili al Diritto canonico. In questo senso, l’Autore specifica la differenza tra sterilità e impotenza e chiarisce il significato di alcuni termini che spesso vengono utilizzati per descrivere situazioni relative alla procreazione nella coppia.
Personalismo e personalismi. Storia e significati
Authors: Galeazzi Giancarlo 
Published: October 2020

Ripercorrendo la storia dell’idea di persona e delle filosofie che l’hanno posta al centro della loro riflessione, l’Autore mostra che il personalismo è un concetto al plurale sia dal punto di vista diacronico che da quello sincronico. In particolare evidenzia come questa caratterizzazione pluralistica sia evidente nel nostro tempo, quando la persona è centrale non solo in filosofie di ispirazione religiosa, ma anche in alcune a connotazione laica, nonché in alcune scienze psicologiche e sociali.
Tuttavia, secondo l’Autore, le diverse forme di personalismo possono essere ricondotte a due orientamenti principali: uno di carattere umanistico (ontologico o etico) e l’altro di carattere naturalistico (funzionalistico o analitico). Una tale distinzione si rivela efficace anche nel campo della bioetica in sostituzione di altre, che si sono rivelate discutibili, come quelle che contrappongono le impostazioni laica e religiosa, della qualità e della sacralità della vita, della disponibilità e della non disponibilità della vita.
Di fronte al diversificato uso del termine persona, l’Autore, pur riconoscendo che ciò ha determinato una certa equivocità, sostiene l’opportunità non di abbandonarlo, bensì di conservarlo: con l’obbligo, però, di qualificare chiaramente le diverse impostazioni, in modo da favorire sia la presa di coscienza dell’attuale conflitto di visioni, sia l’utilità di un confronto tra queste teorie rivali. Solo puntualizzando quanto le accomuna e quanto le differenzia sarà possibile mettere in dialogo i diversi orientamenti, nella consapevolezza che sul tema della persona va cercata la risposta all’interrogazione antropologica, che, dopo l’antropocentrismo moderno e l’antiumanesimo postmoderno, si è resa impellente dal punto di vista teoretico ed etico.