bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sodium metabisulphite concentration and salt concentration on the physicochemical properties of durian seed flour (Durio zibethinus Murr)
Authors: Br Sembiring A T , Nurminah M , Nainggolan R J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This research aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of durian seed flour and to develop the utilization of durian seeds. The analysis was performed using a factorial complete randomized design consisting of two factors, namely the concentration of sodium metabisulphite (N) and the salt concentration (G). The concentration of sodium metabisulphite (N) gave a very significant effect on moisture content, ash content, and the value of L; and no significant effect on fat content and protein content. Furthermore, salt concentration (G) had a very significant effect on ash content, fat content and the value of L; a significant effect on the moisture content and protein content. The interaction between the two factors had a highly significant effect on ash content and the value of L; and no significant effect on moisture content, fat content and protein content. Durian seed flour with a concentration of 3000 ppm sodium metabisulphite and a salt concentration of 4% yield produced by best durian seed flour.
Partial properties of young corn flour based on particle size and its effect on texture and sensory acceptability of biscuit
Authors: Yusraini E , Lubis N D A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Utilization young corn can be applied into food products in the form of flour in order to increase the content of food fibre. Currently, there are no commercially-made biscuit-enriched food products from young corn flour. Based on this, it is necessary to conduct research on the particle size of young corn flour as a source of biscuit fibre. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of young corn flour that passed the size of the sieve number, 40, 50, and 80 mesh and the effect of its addition to the texture value and the sensory acceptability of the biscuits. The results reported that young corn flour that passed from the sieve with a greater number resulted in the brighter colour of young corn flour towards yellowish white, lower of bulk density, and the increase of absorption of oil. All young corn flour treatments had no significant effect on water absorption and water solubility. Substituted biscuits provide a crisp texture and sensory reception which was quite similar to control biscuits (100% wheat flour) if using young corn flour that passed sieve number 40 with an additional percentage of 10%.
Physico-chemical and microbial properties of buffalo milk yoghurt drink
Authors: Sinamo K N , Hasan F , Hasanah U 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Lack of food diversification from buffalo milk causes a lack of public interest in consuming buffalo milk even though it has good nutritional content. Therefore, it is necessary to diversify buffalo milk into yoghurt. This study aimed to make yoghurt from buffalo milk and find the effect of starter concentration and fermentation time on physico-chemical and microbial properties of buffalo milk yoghurt. This research used a completely randomized design with two factors, i.e., concentration starter (3%, 5% and 10%) and fermentation time (8 and 12 hours). Parameters analysed were physico-chemical properties, i. e. acidity, pH, soluble solids, solids non-fat, total solids, sweetness index, astringency index, and microbial properties, i.e. total lactic acid bacteria and total microbial counts. The result showed an increase in values for acidity, astringency index, total lactic acid bacteria counts, and total microbial counts in increased starter concentration and fermentation time. A reverse trend was observed for pH, soluble solids, sweetness index values in increased starter concentration and fermentation time. Total lactic acid bacteria and total microbial count were highest in sample F (10%; 12 hours). Sample A (3%; 8 hours) has the highest total solid (15.4%) and solid non-fat (11.49%).
Inventory and prevalence of ectoparasites Octolasmis sp. in the mangrove crab (Scylla tranquebarica) in Lubuk Kertang, Langkat
Authors: Yusni E , Haq F A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Mangrove crabs (Scylla tranquebarica) are one of the fisheries commodities with high economic value. However, there are several obstacles in the process of developing crab culture, such as parasitic infections. The presence of parasites can reduce production in crab culture, one of which is the parasite Octolasmis sp. The purpose of this study was to identify Octolasmis parasites that infect mangrove crabs and knowing the prevalence rate of the parasite Octolasmis sp. on mangrove crabs in Lubuk Kertang, Langkat. This research used exploratory method, while the sampling technique used in sampling was the random sampling method. Crab identified as many as 15 crabs. The results showed that the type Octolasmis sp. identified to attack mangrove crabs in Lubuk Kertang, Langkat are Octolasmis cor and Octolasmis angulata. The prevalence rate of the Octolasmis parasite was based on the number of parasites found, the Octolasmis cor parasite is 93.3% and the number of O. angulata is 53.3%. Based on the prevalence and intensity of octolasmis found more octolasmis cor than octolasmis angulata.
Endoparasitic worms inventory on Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) gastrointestinal from North Sumatera Indian Ocean, Indonesia
Authors: Uliya R , Yusni E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis is one of the commercial fishes in Indonesia. This species is frequency caught by fishermen in Indian Ocean, North Sumatra Province. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to identify endoparasitic worms and examine the infection level in skipjack tuna K. pelamis from North Sumatera Indian Ocean. Sampling was conducted in Horizon Private Fishing Port, Sibolga from 21 June to 5 July 2019. A total of 25 fish samples with weight ranges from 390 g to 670 g and total length from 29.3 cm to 34.6 cm. The identification of the worm was carried out in the laboratory using a stereo microscope. The results showed that there were eighth species of worms were found in intestine and stomach of the fish with varies level incidency, for example Echinorhynchus sp. and Rhadinorhynchus sp. with 100% intestinal incidences; Neoechinorhynchus sp.had 72% intestinal incidences; Leptorhynchoides sp. had 56% intestinal incidences; Pomphorhynchus sp. with 32% intestinal incidency; and Acanthocephalus sp. with 20% intestinal incidency. It is concluded that the Echinorhynchus sp. and Rhadinorhynchus sp. had higher incidency.
Analysis of lead (Pb) heavy metal content in Layang fish (Decapterrus ruselli) in KUD Gabion Belawan, Medan City
Authors: Sinaga R Z , Yusni E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The many industrial activities around Belawan waters do not rule out the possibility of producing solid and liquid waste that can cause water pollution. One of the most worrying pollution in Belawan waters at present is heavy metal pollution such as lead (Pb) which can accumulate in the flesh of laying fish (Decapterus ruselli). Layang fish (D. ruselli) is a popular fish that is often consumed by humans because it has a relatively affordable sale value for all economic groups of the community. This study aims to determine the average value of the heavy metal content of lead (Pb) contained in the layang fish meat (D. ruselli) and the level of consumption eligibility. The result of this study indicates the average value of lead (Pb) metal in layang fish (D. ruselli) in KUD Gabion Belawan, Medan City is 0.035-0.054 mg/kg. Overall, layang fish (D. ruselli) contaminated with lead (Pb) heavy metals are still within the safe limit for consumption, following the maximum limit of heavy metals issued by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI).
Fecundity and size the first maturity of the gonad of Yellowstripe Scad (Selaroides leptolepis) at Belawan Aquatic, North Sumatera
Authors: Desrita  , Tarigan A , Yusni E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The process of maintaining existential, each of the species have a reproduction strategy. Reproduction of strategy is all the pattern and the identity of reproduction which is shown by each individual from a species including complex inherited traits. Especially for yellowstripe scad fish at Belawan aquatic, North Sumatera. This research conducted from March to May 2017. The sampling was taken three times with one-month interval. The location of the research divided into 3 stations with each respective characteristic. Fishing gear used during the research is nets and gill-nets. The gill-net are installed in the morning and removed in the afternoon. Management recommendation which is given for catch fish in size selection are spawned fish and catchable fish must pass the size of the first gonads maturity was found of 143 – 151 mm for female fish and 144 – 151 mm for male fish. If the fish which is gained bellow the first size of gonads maturity with GML is not yet mature gonads, then necessary increasing the size of the nets in the fishing gear used in Yellowstripe scad fish captured.
Evaluation of non forest area land characteristic for citrus plant (Citrus sp)
Authors: Harahap F S , Walida H , Mustamu N E , Rizal K , Dalimunthe B A , Wicaksono M , Rauf A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An approach to assess the potential of land resources is an evaluation of the land. The results of the land evaluation will provide information and direction of land use needed, and finally the expected production value was known. The improvement efforts aimed at increasing productivity, for the suitability of actual land to be suitability of potential commodity land in the District of Pakpak Bharat so needs to be supported by information regarding land suitability. Data collection for the results of land evaluation is used by a survey method, analysis with comparing and matching for citrus plants (Citrus sp.). The land units are based on a land map, slope map, height map, land cover map, consisting of 6 land units and 18 points. The result showed that the citrus plant is quite appropriate (S2) covering an area of 1,984.60 ha and not appropriate (N) as 1,318.82 ha.
Application of biofertilizer consortium formulation of cellulolytic bacteria based on organic liquid waste on yield of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Hapsoh  , Dini I R , Salbiah D , Tryana S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Rice production in Riau Province is lower than demand. One of the efforts made is the use of organic fertilizer based on organic liquid waste, in addition to reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers. The method that can be applied to support rice yield is the use of cellulolytic bacterial consortium applications. This study aimed to finding out the formulation and dose of biological fertilizer based on cellulolytic bacteria based on the organic liquid waste that was good for growth and yield of upland rice. This research used a Completely Randomized Design which consisted of 12 treatments, namely of biofertilizer of rice washing water, biofertilizer of coconut water, biofertilizer of wastewater tofu, biofertilizer of palm oil mill with doses 5, 10, 15 ml. The result showed that all biofertilizers based on organic wastewater cellulolytic consortium could provide varied results on all parameters of observation so that all biological fertilizers could be applied to upland rice plants with the use of inorganic fertilizers at half the recommended dose. Biofertilizers from rice washing water with a dose of 10 ml gave a good response to the growth and yield of upland rice compared with other treatments.
GIS based: mapping of Multy Purpose Tree Species (Durio zibethinus) in Perkebunan Tambunan Village, Langkat District, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmawaty  , Situmorang L K N , Rauf A , Batubara R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Durio zibethinus (durian) in Indonesia is known as one of the types of Multy Purpose Tree Species (MPTS). Durian is a Malvaceae family. It grows naturally as well as is planted on community agroforestry land in Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. This study aimed to map the distribution of land suitability of Durio zibethinus using Geographic Information System (GIS) in Perkebunan Tambuan Village, Salapian Sub district, Langkat District. This study was conducted from February 2019 to July 2019 at the USU Experimental plantation, Perkebunan Tambunan Village, Salapian Sub district, Soil physical and chemical properties analysis were conducted in Central Laboratory and Soil Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU). The evaluation of land suitability distribution using GIS was conducted in Laboratory of Forest Inventory, Faculty of Forestry, USU. The land suitability of Durio zibethinus in Perkebunan Tambunan Village was marginally suitable for all land units (Land Unit 1, 2 and 3).
Utilization of biochar for reducing NPK fertilization in corn (Zea mays L.) growth on ultisol
Authors: Lumbantoruan B R , Hidayat B , Guchi H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Reducing fertilization for increasing production is a tricky thing, but utilization of biochar expected to be a solution. This research aimed to find the best biochar for reducing fertilizer of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in corn growth on Ultisol. This research was conducted using a Non Factorial Randomized Block Design with a level of treatment that ware 100% NPK (2 gram), 75% NPK (1,5 gram) plus corn cobs biochar 100 gram, 75% NPK (1,5 gram) plus corn skin biochar 100 gram, 75% NPK (1,5 gram) plus paddy husk biochar 100 gram, 75% NPK (1,5 gram) plus paddy straw biochar 100 gram, 50% NPK (1 gram) plus corn cob biochar 100 gram, 50% NPK (1 gram) plus corn skin biochar 100%, 50% NPK (1 gram) plus paddy husk biochar 100 gram, 50% NPK (1 gram) plus paddy straw biochar 100 gram, all treatments with 3 replications. The result showed that reducing fertilization NPK down to 50% not significant effect for NPK nutrient uptake on corn and the best biochar for reducing NPK was biochar Husk and straw.
Effectiveness of the composition of bokashi organic materials on the ability of biofresh biological agents in inducing resistance of three maize varieties to sheath blight disease (Rhizoctonia solani)
Authors: Khaeruni A , Wijayanto T , Musa M H , Rahayu M , Rahman A , Satrah V N 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The limited availability of fertile land and the existence of disease-causing pathogens are major obstacles to the development of maize plants. This study aimed to get at the effect of the composition of organic matters on the ability of Biofresh biological agents in inducing the resistance of three maize varieties to sheath blight disease. The study used a factorial Randomized Block Design. The first factor consisted of three levels, namely: V1 = Hybrid Variety BISI-2, V2 = Variety Pioneer-35, and V3 = Variety Pertiwi-3. The second factor consisted of three levels, namely: B0 = 100% inorganic fertilizer, B1 = Biofresh + bokashi + 50% inorganic fertilizer, B2 = Biofresh + Bokashi Plus + 50% inorganic fertilizer. The highest disease severity occurred in the independent treatments of V2 variety (38.19%), and B0 (49.25%), the highest AUDPC value occurred at treatment V2B0 (513.33% unit), the highest IPP was obtained at V3B2 treatment (52.78%), the highest increase in salicylic acid activity and peroxidase enzyme activity, from the vegetative phase to the generative phase, was found at V3B2 treatment, each at 1.34 and 1.21, respectively.
Morphology and germination of the candlenut seed (Aleurites moluccana) from Samosir Island-North Sumatra
Authors: Susilowati A , Dalimunthe A , Rachmat H H , Elfiati D , Sinambela P Y , Ginting I M , Larengkeng S H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Aleurites moluccana or locally known as kemiri or candlenut is domesticated multipurpose tree species found in Indonesia, particularly in North Sumatra. As one of high economic value commodities, candlenut can be adopted as agroforestry species, windbreak, soil immobilization and land rehabilitation for critical land that can improve community livelihood with a variety of benefits. Information regarding seed characteristics of the candlenut in North Sumatra Province and its germination strategies is still limited, whereas this information are needed to support candlenut cultivation. Therefore, this research was conducted to obtain information on morphology and germination process of the seed of candlenut. Direct measurement and observation of seed were quantified to observe the seed morphology. The germination process is also quantified through direct observation. The results of seed morphology showed that the candlenut had rough elliptical shell shape with about 6.08 cm in diameter and the shell thickness was approximately 2.56 cm. Germination process took 4-5 months with hypogeal germination type.
Productivity of soybean varieties (Glycine max (L.) Merill) in vegetative phases V4 and generative phases R1 classified waterlogged conditions by application of GA3 and salicylic acid (SA)
Authors: Girsang W I C , Damanik R I , Setiado H , Sipayung R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Water-saturated soil conditions or waterlogging conditions can cause a decrease in soybean productivity. Efforts to destroy crop loss due to inundation through cultivation techniques are considered acceptable so that need for good management in soybean cultivation. This study aims to expression at the productivity results of the three varieties namely Deja-1, Dering, and Anjasmoro with the inundation stress in the vegetative phases V4 and generative R1 phases with the use of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Salicylic acid (SA). The submergence time is given for 72 h in the stated phase. The use of GA3 and Salicylic acid was given with 3 levels of concentration treatment namely GA3 (150 ppm) + salicylic acid (100 ppm), GA3 (200 ppm) + salicylic acid (150 ppm), and GA3 (250 ppm) + salicylic acid (200 ppm). The outcomes showed the application of GA3 and salicylic acid showed good production in the number of pods, number of seeds, and weight of seeds. However, the pressure of waterlogging affects the duration of flowering time so that it can cause loss of production.
The influence of Oryzalin concentrations on the plant growth of two tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) varieties
Authors: Silalahi C B , Sinuraya M , Hanafiah D S , Sipayung R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research was to determine the influence of oryzalin concentration on the two tomato varieties (Var. Permata and Tymoti). The research was conducted in Agricultural Faculty’s screen house, Universitas Sumatera Utara. The research was used Factorial Randomized Block Design with the first factor was Tomato varieties (Var. Permata and Tymoti), and the second was concentration of Oryzalin (0 µM as control, 30 µM, 60 µM, 90 µM and 120 µM). Parameters observed 30 days after sowing were the plant height, leaf number and the stem diameter of both tomato varieties. The results showed that there was no variation between var. Permata and Tymoti in parameters observed. However, there were differences among plants growth treated plants by Oryzalin concentration. In general, the higher the concentration of oryzalin, the shorter the plant height, the fewer leaf number and the smaller stem diameter for both tomato varieties.
Distribution of narrow brown leaf spot disease of rice (Cercospora oryzae Miyake) in North Sumatra
Authors: Simanjuntak F A S , Safni I , Bakti D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Narrow brown leaf spot (NBLS) disease is an important disease in rice plants in Indonesia and other rice-producing countries in Asia. This disease has been reported as one of the main diseases of rice in rice-producing countries, including in Indonesia. This research was aimed to determine the distribution of narrow brown leaf spot deseasew which is caused by fungal pathogen Cercospora oryzae Miyake in North Sumatra. This research was conducted by survey method which calculated the disease incidence and disease severity of disease in rice plants in seven regions in the province of North Sumatra. The results showed that the disease intensity. The highest disease incidence and disease severity of NBLS disease was found in Siabal Abal Village, Sipahutar District of North Tapanuli with 100% of disease incidence and 95% of disease severity.
The role of bamboo shoot and shallot extracts combination as natural plant growth regulator on the growth of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis.) in Medan
Authors: Manurung G C T , Hasanah Y , Hanum C , Mawarni L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The effect of bamboo shoots and shallots extract combination as natural plant growth regulator on the growth of binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis.). This research aim was to determine the effect of bamboo shoots and shallots extract combination as natural plant growth regulator on the growth of binahong. This research was conducted at the Universitas Sumatera Utara, Faculty of Agriculture Screen House from June to August 2019.The results of this research indicated that the selection of planting material from Aswad Medan Johor tends to increase plant length, shoot dry weight and root dry weight of binahong plants. The application of 40% bamboo shoot extract tends to increase the shoot dry weight of binahong plant and the application of 40% bamboo shoot extract + 40% shallot extract increased the root dry weight of the binahong plant.
Growth and production of several sweet potato genotypes (Ipomoea batatas L.) on various watering levels in rainfed paddy fields
Authors: Sobirin A , Rahmawati N , Irmansyah T 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Watering using 3 levels of watering is able to increase production and plant growth, specifically on suboptimal lands. This research aim was to determine the growth and production of several sweet potato genotypes (Beta 1 varieties with orange tuber, Perbaungan Accession with orange tuber and Cengkeh Turi Accession with yellow tuber) on various levels of watering with 3 levels: very limited watering (watering up to 1 month, intervals 10 days), limited watering (watering up to 2 months, intervals 10 days) and optimum watering (watering up to 4 months, intervals 10 days) in rainfed paddy field. This research was conducted in the paddy fields of Tandem Hilir I Village, Deli Serdang on April-July 2019. The results of this research represent that local sweet potato genotypes have good production and growth responses in paddy field cultivation. Perbaungan accessions with orange tuber and Cengkeh Turi Accession with yellow tuber obtained the highest tuber length, tuber diameter, average tuber weight and harvest index compared to other genotypes. Application of watering with 3 levels in paddy fields proved not real on all observation parameters. Watering with 3 levels is best at limited watering (watering up to 2 months).
Detection of virus causes papaya ringspot virus - with the DAS-Elisa (Double Antibody Sandwich-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method at different levels in North Sumatra
Authors: Hartati L , Bakti D , Tantawi A R , Lisnawita  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to detect the papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) in papaya plants in papaya plantations in North Sumatra with the Double Antibody Sandwich-Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (DAS-ELISA) method. Research activities began with a survey to several locations of papaya plantations by observing the symptoms of PRSV-P, and carrying out virus detection with DAS-ELISA. The results showed that there were several types of symptoms of PRSV-P disease, namely ring-shaped spots; stripes, mosaics and leaf malformations; stripes symptoms; dark green streaks on stems and stems.