bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MYCOPLASMA IN URINE COLLECTED BY SUPRAPUBIC ASPIRATION
Authors: Mårdh P.‐A. , Lohi A. , Fritz H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present study indicates that mycoplasmas may invade the urinary tract above the urethra. From 87 patients with signs of urinary tract infections voided urine, as well as urine collected by suprapubic aspiration from the bladder, has been cultured for Mycoplasma. Besides culture these specimens and voided urine specimens from an additional 190 patients were examined with a screening test for T‐mycoplasmas which utilizes the ability of these organisms to metabolize urea. Among the 87 patients T‐mycoplasmas were cultured from voided urine in 18 cases and Mycoplasma hominis in 9 cases. In 10 of the 18 patients (56%) T‐mycoplasmas were isolated also from urine collected by bladder puncture. In 2 of these 10 patients the cultures from the aspirated urine also yielded growth of M. hominis. T‐mycoplasmas were in no instance found on culture unless the screening test indicated that urea had been metabolized with the production of ammonia.
THE RENAL EFFECT OF CALCITONIN IN HYPOPARATHYROID PATIENTS
Authors: Sørensen O. Helmer , Hindberg Inge , Friis Th. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo rule out secondary effects due to stimulation of the parathyroid glands, the action of calcitonin has been studied in four hypoparathyroid subjects. The patients were given a single injection of 100 MRC U of porcine calcitonin. Apart from a transient decrease in the serum calcium levels in two of the patients, no changes were found in the blood. Pronounced alterations, however, took place in the urinary excretion patterns. The excretion of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium increased in all patients. A strong phosphaturic effect was registered in three of the patients. The most prominent changes took place in the excretion of sodium, which went up by 350–700%, accompanied by marked elevations of the diureses. The results indicate that calcitonin has an action on the kidney in man.
THE OVERSTIMULATED THYROID
Authors: Wahlberg Peter , von Knorring Johan , Nyman Dag 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEight patients are described who had a diminished functional thyroid mass after operation, radioiodine treatment or thyroiditis. All had hyperthyroid symptoms and signs, but low or normal serum protein‐bound iodine (PBI) or butanol‐extractable iodine (BEI) values. Protein‐bound radioiodine (PBI*) or conversion ratio (CR), when available, was high. The symptoms and signs subsided when thyroxin medication was employed. The condition is interpreted as a result of intense pituitary TSH stimulation of a small functioning thyroid remnant, resulting in rapid iodine and hormone turnover within a small functioning iodine space. The thyroid remnants are not able to secrete enough thyroid hormones to suppress TSH stimulation. The meaning of the hyperthyroid symptoms and signs in this form of hypothyroidism is discussed. The importance of recognition of this condition is stressed, as well as the need to consider thyroid replacement therapy after subtotal thyroidectomy, radioiodine treatment or thyroiditis.
RIGHT VENTRICULAR MONOPHASIC ACTION POTENTIALS IN MAN
Authors: Olsson S. Bertil , Varnauskas E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRight ventricular monophasic action potential (MAP) has been recorded during abrupt changes of cycle length and during atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing heart catheterization. The abrupt cycle length changes were initiated by sudden changes of stimulation rate using right atrial pacing. A sudden prolonged cycle is terminated by a MAP with increased duration and decreased repolarization rate of phase 3. An acute shortening of the cycle is followed by a MAP with decreased duration. The repolarization rate of phase 3 of such a MAP is not generally increased as expected from in vitro studies. In atrial fibrillation a short cycle is followed by a MAP with short duration and rapid repolarization rate of phase 3, whilst a long cycle is terminated by a MAP with long duration and slower phase 3 repolarization. The similarity between the adaptation of the MAP configuration after abrupt changes of cycle length and during atrial fibrillation suggests that rate‐dependent adaptation of the contractile force—known from earlier in vitro studies—might also occur during atrial fibrillation in man.
“FIBRINOLYTIC CAPACITY” IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AT DIFFERENT AGES AS STUDIED BY STANDARDIZED VENOUS OCCLUSION OF ARMS AND LEGS
Authors: Robertson B. R. , Pandolfi M. , Nilsson I. M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe local fibrinolytic response to standardized venous occlusion of arms and legs has been studied in 345 healthy volunteers of different ages (children, adults (18–50) and old people (above 65)). The fibrinolytic activity of resuspended euglobulin precipitate was measured on unheated fibrin plates. The fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion of the arms increased significantly (p < 0.001) with age. In the aged the response was significantly (p < 0.001) lower in men than in women. In the legs the fibrinolytic response did not vary significantly with age below 50. The response was significantly lower in persons above 65 than in those below this age. The ratio between the response of the arm and that of the leg increased strongly with age. The results suggest that the predisposition of the legs to thrombosis and arteriosclerosis increases with age.
INFLUENCE OF PROBENECID ON GENTAMYCIN PHARMACOKINETICS
Authors: Bergan Tom , Westlie Lars , Brodwall Erling K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA previous study showed that gentamycin apparently is secreted by the renal tubular cells. To investigate whether this occurred via the same transport mechanism as the penicillins, probenecid has been given. No evidence for a reduced gentamycin excretion has been found after this treatment, which means that this compound must be transported via another system.
SPLEEN SIZE IN POLYCYTHEMIA
Authors: Westin Jan , Lanner Lars‐Olof , Larsson Agne , Weinfeld Aleksander 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe size of the spleen has been determined in control subjects, in patients with polycythemia vera (PV) and in other forms of polycythemia. With 99mTc sulphur colloid and a gamma camera technique the largest area of the spleen was determined and compared with the length of the spleen on X‐ray examination and with results of palpation. The spleen scan area was shown to be enlarged in all but three cases of untreated PV (90%) and in all cases of PV in relapse. The group of absolute polycythemia other than PV had a slight but statistically significant increase of the scan area compared with the controls. The group of pseudopolycythemia had a scan area within the normal limits. In cases of active PV the size of the spleen was examined twice, at a high hematocrit level and at a normal hematocrit level, accomplished by repeated phlebotomies. The results did not show any statistically significant difference. There was, however, a significant decrease in the size of the spleen after remission, induced by myelosuppressive therapy. Most normal‐sized spleens were also judged as normal on X‐ray examination, but within the normal range there was no correlation between the spleen scan area and the length of the spleen on X‐ray. A fairly good correlation was found for enlarged spleens, but the residual standard deviation was rather large. Thirteen scintigraphically enlarged spleens had a normal X‐ray length. Twenty‐three enlarged spleens and the normal‐sized spleens could not be felt by palpation. A largest spleen scan area of above 81 cm2 is regarded as above the upper limit of normal. A value above 104 cm2 is in favour of PV, when this disease is to be differentiated from secondary polycythemia.
HODGKIN'S DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH THE NEPHROTIC SYNDROME WITHOUT KIDNEY LESION
Authors: Hansen H. E. , Skov P. E. , Askjær S. A. , Albertsen K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThree patients are reported in whom Hodgkin's disease was associated with the nephrotic syndrome. Biopsy studies by light and electron microscopy revealed minimal or absent renal lesions, and renal vein obstruction was excluded by angiographic examinations. In two cases development and remission of nephrotic syndrome was closely related to the course of Hodgkin's disease, which in one patient both conditions remained unrelieved. The close time relationship observed in these patients, as well as in similar cases previously reported, suggests that these two conditions when associated may share a common pathogenetic mechanism.
PLASMA TURNOVER OF METHYLDOPA IN ADVANCED RENAL FAILURE
Authors: Myhre Erik , Brodwall E. K. , Stenbæk Ø. , Hansen T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMethyldopa is one of the most useful drugs for treatment of hypertension in patients with reduced renal function. Few data are available on the metabolism of this drug in renal failure, therefore the plasma turnover rate has been determined in 8 patients with advanced renal failure and 11 cases with essential hypertension with no or only slightly reduced renal function. In both groups of patients a biphasic plasma elimination first was obtained after i.v. injection of the drug. The first, and quantitatively most important, part of the curve showed a half‐life of 3.6 hours in advanced renal failure compared to 1.7 in essential hypertension. A fairly good correlation was demonstrated between the half‐life of the drug in plasma according to the initial disappearance rate and the endogenous creatinine clearance. In patients with renal failure only 50–60% of the drug injected was eliminated during the initial phase, the remainder disappeared even more slowly. The slow, second phase of the elimination curve was also exponential with a slope corresponding to a T/2 of 7–16 hours. In patients with a drug was nearly normal renal function about 95% of the drug was eliminated during the rapid, initial phase. Our findings are in good agreement with the drug accumulation occurring in renal failure.
DRUG‐INDUCED MALABSORPTION OF VITAMIN B12
Authors: Palva I. P. , Salokannel S. J. , Timonen T. , Palva H. L. A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn a series of 60 patients on KCl treatment the Schilling test was abnormal (below 5%) in 12%, slightly reduced (5 to 10%) in 18% and normal (above 10%) in 70%. Radiotelemetric measurement of the ileal pH in 21 partients showed an acidification of the ileal contents to be the mechanism of the B12 malabsorption found. In 10 patients with an ileal pH of 6 or below, the Schilling test was on average 7.8%. and in those 11 with a pH levels of corresponding figure was 13.4%. The serum levels of vitamin B12 in 17 heart patients taking KCl over a period of 6 to 24 months were, however, not significantly lower than those of the control group. Potassium chloride induces malabsorption of vitamin B12 in some patients, but in rare instances is the regular potassium supplementation of long enough duration to be the only factor causing the deficiency state of B12.
SULFONAMIDE HEPATITIS
Authors: Konttinen Aarne , Peräsalo Juhani O. S. , Eisalo Antti 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTwo cases of hepatitis induced by sulfonamides are described. The causative relationship was verified by the administration of a test dose. The administration caused in both cases a prompt appearance of clinical reaction followed by a rise of serum bilirubin and enzyme activities, which subsided within 10 days.
COMPARISON BETWEEN ALPRENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONE AS ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS
Authors: Bengtsson Calle 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA double‐blind cross‐over study comparing alprenolol 100 mg × 4 with chlorthalidone 50 mg × 1 has been performed on 40 subjects. Throughout the study 1.5 g potassium chloride was given daily. In the dosages given both alprenolol and chlorthalidone caused a significant reduction of the BP. Chlorthalidone reduced the BP significantly more than alprenolol. Follow‐up studies showed that the effect of alprenolol on the BP increased when the dosage was doubled. In spite of the potassium substitution chlorthalidone reduced serum potassium significantly, while no change was found with alprenolol. There was a significant increase in serum uric acid with both alprenolol and chlorthalidone, being significantly more pronounced with chlorthalidone. Subjective side‐effects were few and transient both with alprenolol and chlorthalidone.
THE EFFECT OF DIGITALIS ON THE HEART RATE DURING EXERCISE IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Åberg Hans , Ström Gunnar , Werner Ivar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTwenty‐eight clinically compensated cardiac patients with atrial fibrillation have been investigated with the graded exercise test. Twenty‐four patients had one test with a lower dose of digitalis and one with a higher dose, both dose rates being within the therapeutic range. Four patients performed one exercise test with and one without digitalis. The heart (ventricular) rate attained at a given exercise load was significantly lower (with a difference of 5–25 beats/min at the different loads) with the higher dose. This was interpreted as a beneficial effect on working capacity. The individual beat‐to‐beat variability of heart rate was not influenced. The beneficial effect of an increase in digitalis dose thus seems to depend on a decrease in average ventricular rate during exercise and not on a decreased degree of arrhythmia.
THE HAEMODYNAMIC EFFECT OF INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF LEVODOPA
Authors: Moorthy Sreenivasa , Grendahl Helge , Andersen Anders , Müller Carsten 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLevodopa has been given in a dose of 100 to 200 mg into the pulmonary artery of eight patients with heart disease undergoing routine catheterization studies. The cardiac rate, the systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures, the cardiac output, the stroke volume and peripheral resistance were calculated. Tachycardia was found in all patients. Ventricular premature contractions were seen in two patients. An initial fall followed by a rise in systemic arterial pressures; rise in cardiac output, rise in stroke volume, and fall in peripheral resistance were observed in the majority of patients. Nausea was the commonest side‐effect.
CLINICAL VALUE OF KETONE BODY DETERMINATIONS IN BRITTLE DIABETES
Authors: Rooth Gösta 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe first part of this study is a clinical investigation on the value of concomitant measurements of blood glucose and the ketone bodies for the improvement of control in 35 patients with brittle diabetes. Three groups are identified: 1) The keto resistant patient in whom only the blood glucose measurements are of value. 2) A group in whom about equally valuable information is obtained from blood glucose and the ketosis. 3) The Poulsen‐Somogyi reactors in whom both blood glucose and ketonaemia should be analysed. The level of ketosis may be judged from blood 3‐hydroxybutyrate (3‐HB) and acetoacetate (AcAc) or from breath acetone, although the latter does not change as fast as the metabolized 3‐HB and AcAc. The changes in the urinary concentrations of 3‐HB and AcAc are almost as rapid as those in the blood, and after insulin a decrease in these urinary concentrations is often seen before the blood glucose begins to decrease. The second part of the study shows the positive correlations between the increase in blood glucose above 200 mg/100 ml of blood and blood 3‐HB and AcAc and the decrease in the ratio blood 3‐HB/AcAc with decreasing blood glucose. Preliminary data are also given on the decrement of blood 3‐HB and AcAc with time, indicating an initial slower phase and a second faster one. The daily blood lactate changes were greater than expected. Initially they were parallel to the blood 3‐HB and AcAc variations. Once blood glucose concentration also fell the lactate increased a mean of 1.9 mEq/1.
DIURNAL VARIATIONS IN BLOOD GLUCOSE, 3‐HYDROXYBUTYRATE, ACETOACETATE, PLASMA FREE FATTY ACIDS AND GLYCEROL IN DIABETICS
Authors: Rooth G. , Carlström S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract24‐hour studies of the changes of blood glucose, 3‐HB, AcAc, plasma FFA and glycerol have been made in five diabetics on long‐acting insulin and 10‐hour studies in two patients receiving short‐acting insulin. The reduction in the concentration of 3‐HB, FFA and glycerol preceded that of glucose. AcAc initially increased after the administration of insulin. The reappearance of ketonaemia is preceded by an increase in plasma FFA and glycerol by 3 to 4 hours. One patient who was ketoresistant showed no significant increase in plasma FFA or glycerol concentration either during hyper‐ or hypoglycaemia.
Efficacy of zinc salts to protect glass against atmospheric alteration. Part I: Effects of a spraying treatment
Authors: Alloteau Fanny , Majérus Odile , Valbi Valentina , Biron Isabelle , Lehuédé Patrice , Caurant Daniel , Lefèvre Grégory , Seyeux Antoine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFollowing an industrial process to protect manufactured glass windows against atmospheric corrosion during their storage and transport, this research is focused on the possibility that a surface deposit of a small amount of zinc salts may efficiently reduce the atmospheric alteration kinetics of ancient glasses (soda, potash, and mixed alkali silicates). To this end, the chemical action of zinc salts was investigated by means of aging experiments (with temperature and relative humidity (RH) control) on three glass models, of which compositions are representative of the cultural heritage. When the treatment was performed on pristine glass (about 1 μg/cm2 of deposited Zn2+ ions), treated glass plates developed a significantly thinner hydrated layer than the untreated ones at 80°C or at 40°C (85 RH%). The formation of alkali and Ca‐carbonates salts on the surface was also considerably reduced. The state of the glass surface undergoing the Zn treatment and the temperature of the treatment seem critical regarding the efficacy of the protection.
Attachment and migration of cells on porous bone graft
Authors: Chang Hao‐Yu , Chen Ying‐Cen , Tuan Wei‐Hsing , Wu Chia‐Jung , Lai Po‐Liang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPorous bone graft is prepared using a gel‐foaming and sintering technique. The porosity of the bone graft is 70 vol%; the size of pores is around 130 µm. The pores are interconnected through opening of around 40 µm. The interactions between preosteoblast cells and the bone graft are then investigated. Although the pores are interconnected, most the cells are attached to the surface of bone graft. Only a few cells migrate into the cross‐section within a time span of 28 days. Such observation provides key information on pore structure design of bone graft.
A pilot study of enhanced operation fit: The feasibility of a camp‐based health intervention for ethnically diverse families of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Sanner Catherine M. , Neece Cameron L. , Herbozo Sylvia , Baum Marti F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundObesity rates are higher in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (DD) compared to typically developing (TD) children. In TD children, family‐based (FB) interventions for obesity are the most effective interventions. Research addressing obesity interventions for children with IDD is limited.MethodWe adapted a community‐based obesity intervention created for TD children for children with IDD and added a parent education component. The current study examined the feasibility of Enhanced‐Operation Fit, a camp‐based intervention created in order to reduce weight, and improve health behavior outcomes. Participants were 16 children (68.8% male; Mage = 13.15, SDage = 1.62) and their parents.ResultsResults indicated that incorporating a daily parent education group limited recruitment potential, but showed promising preliminary improvements in parent feeding and child eating behaviors.ConclusionsHealth interventions for children with IDD are greatly needed and the current study may be a cost and time‐efficient intervention to help address this public health crisis.
Review of inflammation in fish and value of the zebrafish model
Authors: Campos‐Sánchez Jose Carlos , Esteban María Ángeles 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInflammation is a crucial step in the development of chronic diseases in humans. Understanding the inflammation environment and its intrinsic mechanisms when it is produced by harmful stimuli may be a key element in the development of human disease diagnosis. In recent decades, zebrafish (Danio rerio)have been widely used in research, due to their exceptional characteristics, as a model of various human diseases. Interestingly, the mediators released during the inflammatory response of both the immune system and nervous system, after its integration in the hypothalamus, could also facilitate the detection of injury through the register of behavioural changes in the fish. Although there are many studies that give well‐defined information separately on such elements as the recruitment of cells, the release of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory mediators or the type of neurotransmitters released against different triggers, to the best of our knowledge there are no reviews that put all this knowledge together. In the present review, the main available information on inflammation in zebrafish is presented in order to facilitate knowledge about this important process of innate immunity, as well as the stress responses and behavioural changes derived from it.
Optical comparison between micro‐CT and OCT in imaging of marginal composite adaptation: Observational study
Authors: Bakhsh Turki A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDental composite is the most used aesthetic restorative biomaterial worldwide. However, it undergoes polymerisation shrinkage that could lead to loss of the interfacial seal between tooth and resin in some circumstances. This demands high‐resolution imaging technologies to detect these defects. This study carried out a comparison between microcomputed tomography (micro‐CT; Shimadzu, Japan) and swept‐source optical coherence tomography (SS‐OCT; Santec, Japan) in the detection of marginal adaptation defects at the tooth‐resin interface. Unlike in micro‐CT, it was possible to outline interfacial gaps along with tooth‐resin interfaces with SS‐OCT, which was attributed to the Fresnel diffraction of light. This in vitro comparison demonstrates SS‐OCT has great potential in dental imaging to effectively assess dental composite adaptation and marginal defects when high resolution is desired in real time.Lay DescriptionDetection of tooth‐colored restoration defects had been assessed by different radiographic methods. However, most of these methods are either invasive or suffer from low‐resolution. In this study, a comparison has been carried out between two different high‐resolution imaging systems; microcomputed tomography and optical coherence tomography, to explore their potentials in detecting restorations defects.The results showed optical coherence tomography has a great accuracy in locating the underlying defects when the obtained images were validated against confocal laser scanning microscopy images.