bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsically Strain‐Insensitive, Hyperelastic Temperature‐Sensing Fiber with Compressed Micro‐Wrinkles for Integrated Textronics
Authors: Lee Jihyun , Kim Da Wan , Chun Sungwoo , Song Jin Ho , Yoo Eui Sang , Kim Jung Kyu , Pang Changhyun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFiber‐shaped sensors are useful for the simple fabrication of textile‐based electronics, which have excellent wearability and conformal adaptability for ubiquitous healthcare systems. In the case of temperature monitoring using highly deformable textronics for diagnostics, the device operation can be hindered by strain‐induced interferences when various movements are performed. An intrinsic strain‐insensitive fiber‐type temperature sensor with compressed micro‐wrinkles is demonstrated. The fiber sensor exhibits remarkable sensitivity (≈0.93% °C‐1) and high strain insensitivity until 60% tensile strain. Once the sensor is regularly knitted into a soft fabric, negligible changes in the electrical resistance are observed up to 180% tensile strain. Temperature‐responsive wavy architectures on the fiber surface are fabricated via a facile dip‐coating method after applying a pre‐strain, followed by lamination of an elastic protective layer. By fabricating uniform microscale wavy architectures and adjusting the wavelength of the micro‐wrinkles, the device performance is significantly improved. The fiber temperature sensor demonstrated is highly repeatable and reproducible for <1000 cycles, exhibiting excellent cyclic responses to on/off switching. Additionally, the fiber sensor can be integrated into a smart glove with a wireless transmitter to monitor continuous changes of the outside temperature without deformation‐induced interference under numerous dynamic gestures and movements.
All‐Solid‐State Organic Schmitt Trigger Implemented by Twin Two‐in‐One Ferroelectric Memory Transistors
Authors: Hwang Sunbin , Jang Sukjae , Bae Sukang , Lee Seoung‐Ki , Lee Sang Hyun , Fabiano Simone , Berggren Magnus , Lee Takhee , Kim Tae‐Wook 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough there have been many attempts to replace conventional inorganic electronics with organic materials that can be mass produced at low cost, few organic electronic filters to increase immunity to electrical noise have been reported thus far. Conventional Schmitt triggers or their inverters are used in many electronic circuits as versatile electronic noise filters. However, it is challenging to manufacture organic electronic systems with complex circuitry. In this study, a simple, all‐solid‐state organic Schmitt trigger consisting of twin two‐in‐one organic ferroelectric memory transistors with the same chemical compositions and device dimensions but different threshold voltages is introduced. Threshold voltages and hysteresis in the two‐in‐one devices can be controlled by polarization switching as demonstrated in a previous study. Hysteresis of a ferroelectric p‐type depletion load inverter can be achieved using twin two‐in‐one devices when the sweep voltage is higher than the critical gate voltages. This facilitates inverter characteristics at two different threshold voltages, and realizing a Schmitt trigger. Finally, based on simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE) simulation, guidelines are proposed on how to design organic Schmitt triggers with p‐ or n‐type materials and ferroelectric or charge‐trapping mechanisms to achieve inverting or non‐inverting characteristics.
Nitrogen and Sulfur Vacancies in Carbon Shell to Tune Charge Distribution of Co6Ni3S8 Core and Boost Sodium Storage
Authors: Zou Yihui , Gu Yu , Hui Bin , Yang Xianfeng , Liu Hongwei , Chen Shuai , Cai Rongsheng , Sun Jin , Zhang Xiaoli , Yang Dongjiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRecently, the metal sulfide‐carbon nanocomposites have been suggested as a low‐cost alternative to lithium ion batteries, but commercial application is seriously hindered by their relatively inferior cyclic performance. Herein, N and S vacancies in an N,S co‐doped carbon (NSC) shell for anchoring a new bimetallic sulfide core of Co6Ni3S8 using Co‐Ni‐alginate biomass are introduced. The obtained Co6Ni3S8/carbon aerogels (Co6Ni3S8/NSCA) exhibit excellent sodium‐ion storage properties, high reversible capacity (568.1 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1), and an excellent cycle stability (94.4% after 300 cycles). Density functional theory calculation results disclose that nitrogen and sulfur vacancies in the carbon shell can enhance the binding between the Co6Ni3S8 core and NSC shell, ensuring an improved structural and electrochemical stability. In addition, an increased adsorption energy of Na+ (−1.88 eV) and a decreased barrier energy for Na+ diffusion (0.46 eV) are observed indicating a fast Na+ diffusion process. The powder X‐ray diffraction refinement confirms that the lattice parameters of Co6Ni3S8 extend to 0.9972 nm compared with Co9S8 (0.9928 nm), suppressing the volume expansion in Na+ diffusion processes.
Soil test phosphorus and phosphorus balance trends: A county‐level analysis in Ohio
Authors: Dayton Elizabeth A. , Shrestha Raj K. , Fulford Anthony M. , Love Kim R. , W. Culman Steven , Lindsey Laura E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOff‐site transport of phosphorus (P) is a concern with Lake Erie and other Ohio surface waters. Baseline knowledge of and long‐term trends in soil test P (STP) and P balance are important as farmers are under increased scrutiny due to ongoing water quality concerns. The objectives of this work were to examine Ohio county‐level trends in STP, P inputs, P outputs, and P balance. Soil test P data from all 88 Ohio counties were obtained from 1993 to 2015 from the three major soil test laboratories that service Ohio farmers. County‐level P inputs (fertilizer and manure), outputs (crop removal), and balance (inputs minus outputs) were obtained from the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Nutrient Use Geographic Information System database. Regression analysis techniques were used to identify long‐term trends. Across multiple percentile levels, 44–63% of Ohio counties had decreasing long‐term STP trends, while 11–21% had increasing trends. Eighty‐four percent of Ohio counties had a negative P balance in 2014, meaning P outputs exceeded P inputs. Decreasing long‐term trends in STP and P balance, suggest that farmers are taking steps to manage P inputs and STP, which should result in reduced P runoff concentrations.
Strain‐Enhanced Metallic Intermixing in Shape‐Controlled Multilayered Core–Shell Nanostructures: Toward Shaped Intermetallics
Authors: Williams Benjamin P. , Young Allison P. , Andoni Ilektra , Han Yong , Lo Wei‐Shang , Golden Matthew , Yang Jane , Lyu Lian‐Ming , Kuo Chun‐Hong , Evans James W. , Huang Wenyu , Tsung Chia‐Kuang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractControlling the surface composition of shaped bimetallic nanoparticles could offer precise tunability of geometric and electronic surface structure for new nanocatalysts. To achieve this goal, a platform for studying the intermixing process in a shaped nanoparticle was designed, using multilayered Pd‐Ni‐Pt core–shell nanocubes as precursors. Under mild conditions, the intermixing between Ni and Pt could be tuned by changing layer thickness and number, triggering intermixing while preserving nanoparticle shape. Intermixing of the two metals is monitored using transmission electron microscopy. The surface structure evolution is characterized using electrochemical methanol oxidation. DFT calculations suggest that the low‐temperature mixing is enhanced by shorter diffusion lengths and strain introduced by the layered structure. The platform and insights presented are an advance toward the realization of shape‐controlled multimetallic nanoparticles tailored to each potential application.
Diastereoselective Synthesis of P‐Chirogenic and Atropisomeric 2,2′‐Bisphosphino‐1,1′‐binaphthyls Enabled by Internal Phosphine Oxide Directing Groups
Authors: Xue Qingquan , Huo Shangfei , Wang Tingyi , Wang Zeming , Li Jianli , Zhu Meifang , Zuo Weiwei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDiphosphine ligands that merge both axial and P‐centered chirality may exhibit superior or unique properties. Herein we report the diastereoselective introduction of P‐centered chirality at the 2‐position of the axially chiral 2′‐(phosphine oxide)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl scaffold. A lithium–bromide exchange reaction of a 2‐bromo‐2′‐(phosphine oxide)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl and treatment with dichlorophosphines followed by a nucleophilic organometallic reagent afforded unsymmetrical 2‐phosphino‐2′‐(phosphine oxide)‐1,1′‐binaphthyls with binaphthyl axial chirality and one or two phosphorus stereocenters with a variety of P substituents. The final diastereomerically pure 2,2′‐bisphosphino‐1,1′‐binaphthyls were obtained by reduction of the phosphine oxide directing group. Preliminary results demonstrated that a ligand with this hybrid chirality could induce higher stereoselectivity in the metal‐complex‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of a dialkyl ketone.
Ethylene Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly (PISA) of Poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐polyethylene Copolymers via RAFT
Authors: Bergerbit Cédric , Baffie Florian , Wolpers Arne , Dugas Pierre‐Yves , Boyron Olivier , Taam Manel , Lansalot Muriel , Monteil Vincent , D'Agosto Franck 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPoly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with dithiocarbamate chain ends (PEO–SC(=S)−N(CH3)Ph and PEO–SC(=S)−NPh2, named PEO‐1 and PEO‐2, respectively) were used as macromolecular chain‐transfer agents (macro‐CTAs) to mediate the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of ethylene in dimethyl carbonate (DMC) under relatively mild conditions (80 °C, 80 bar). While only a slow consumption of PEO‐1 was observed, the rapid consumption of PEO‐2 led to a clean chain extension and the formation of a polyethylene (PE) segment. Upon polymerization, the resulting block copolymers PEO‐b‐PE self‐assembled into nanometric objects according to a polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA).
Synthesis of a “Masked” Terminal Zinc Sulfide and Its Reactivity with Brønsted and Lewis Acids
Authors: Baeza Cinco Miguel Á. , Wu Guang , Kaltsoyannis Nikolas , Hayton Trevor W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe “masked” terminal Zn sulfide, [K(2.2.2‐cryptand)][MeLZn(S)] (2) (MeL={(2,6‐iPr2C6H3)NC(Me)}2CH), was isolated via reaction of [MeLZnSCPh3] (1) with 2.3 equivalents of KC8 in THF, in the presence of 2.2.2‐cryptand, at −78 °C. Complex 2 reacts readily with PhCCH and N2O to form [K(2.2.2‐cryptand)][MeLZn(SH)(CCPh)] (4) and [K(2.2.2‐cryptand)][MeLZn(SNNO)] (5), respectively, displaying both Brønsted and Lewis basicity. In addition, the electronic structure of 2 was examined computationally and compared with the previously reported Ni congener, [K(2.2.2‐cryptand)][tBuLNi(S)] (tBuL={(2,6‐iPr2C6H3)NC(tBu)}2CH).
Growth of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Controlled Structure: Floating Carbide Solid Catalysts
Authors: Qian Liu , Xie Ying , Yu Yue , Wang Shanshan , Zhang Shuchen , Zhang Jin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSingle‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) horizontal arrays with specific chirality can be enriched using solid carbide catalysts on substrates. However, scale‐up production by continuous loading of the solid catalysts onto the substrates is challenging. Described here is the preparation of a floating carbide solid catalyst (FSC) for the controlled growth of SWNTs. The FSC, titanium carbide (TiC) nanoparticle, was directly obtained in the carrier gas phase by decomposition and carbonization of the titanocene dichloride precursor at high temperature. By using the TiC nanoparticle FSC, both SWNT horizontal arrays and randomly distributed networks can be obtained. The chirality of the as‐grown SWNTs were thermodynamically controlled to have fourfold symmetry. Further optimization of growth condition resulted in an abundance of (16,8) tubes with about a 74 % content. This FSC chemical vapor deposition (FSCCVD) method has potential for realizing mass growth of SWNTs with controlled structures.
Iridium‐Catalyzed β‐Alkynylation of Aliphatic Oximes as Masked Carbonyl Compounds and Alcohols
Authors: Tan Eric , Zanini Margherita , Echavarren Antonio M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn Ir‐catalyzed C(sp3)−H alkynylation of aliphatic ketones, aldehydes, and alcohols was achieved by using the corresponding oxime derivatives and a IrIII catalyst. This general reaction is selective towards primary C(sp3)−H bonds and can be used for the late‐stage C−H alkynylation of complex molecules.
Recognition and Stabilization of Unsaturated Fatty Acids by a Polyaromatic Receptor
Authors: Niki Keita , Tsutsui Takahiro , Yamashina Masahiro , Akita Munetaka , Yoshizawa Michito 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSelective recognition of natural fatty acids is intrinsically difficult owing to the long, flexible, and poorly interactive hydrocarbon chains. Inspired by biological recognition systems, we herein demonstrate the exclusive binding of a monounsaturated fatty acid by an artificial polyaromatic receptor from a mixture of the unsaturated and corresponding saturated substrates (i.e., oleic and stearic acids) in water. The selectivity stems from multiple CH–π/π–π interactions between the host framework and the guest in its roughly coiled conformation. Moreover, competitive binding experiments elucidate higher binding affinities of the receptor for oligo‐ and polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., α‐linolenic acid and EPA). Within the receptor, the biosubstrates are remarkably stabilized against air, light, and heat owing to the polyaromatic shielding effect.
A Chemical Probe for Dehydrobutyrine
Authors: Chambers Kaitlin A. , Abularrage Nile S. , Hill Caitlin J. , Khan Imran H. , Scheck Rebecca A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBacterial phosphothreonine lyases, or phospholyases, catalyze a unique post‐translational modification that introduces dehydrobutyrine (Dhb) or dehydroalanine (Dha) in place of phosphothreonine or phosphoserine residues, respectively. We report the use of a phospha‐Michael reaction to label proteins and peptides modified with Dha or Dhb. We demonstrate that a nucleophilic phosphine probe is able to modify Dhb‐containing proteins and peptides that were recalcitrant to reaction with thiol or amine nucleophiles under mild aqueous conditions. Furthermore, we used this reaction to detect multiple Dhb‐modified proteins in mammalian cell lysates, including histone H3, a previously unknown target of phospholyases. This method should prove useful for identifying new phospholyase targets, profiling the biomarkers of bacterial infection, and developing enzyme‐mediated strategies for bioorthogonal labeling in living cells.
Coordination Tunes Selectivity: Two‐Electron Oxygen Reduction on High‐Loading Molybdenum Single‐Atom Catalysts
Authors: Tang Cheng , Jiao Yan , Shi Bingyang , Liu Jia‐Ning , Xie Zhenhua , Chen Xiao , Zhang Qiang , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) have great potential in electrocatalysis. Their performance can be rationally optimized by tailoring the metal atoms, adjacent coordinative dopants, and metal loading. However, doing so is still a great challenge because of the limited synthesis approach and insufficient understanding of the structure–property relationships. Herein, we report a new kind of Mo SAC with a unique O,S coordination and a high metal loading over 10 wt %. The isolation and local environment was identified by high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure. The SACs catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) via a 2 e− pathway with a high H2O2 selectivity of over 95 % in 0.10 m KOH. The critical role of the Mo single atoms and the coordination structure was revealed by both electrochemical tests and theoretical calculations.
Degradation of p‐aminophenol wastewater using Ti‐Si‐Sn‐Sb/GAC particle electrodes in a three‐dimensional electrochemical oxidation reactor
Authors: Zhang Na , Bu Jiaqi , Meng Yong , Wan Jia , Yuan Lu , Peng Xin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, Ti‐Si‐Sn‐Sb/GAC particle electrodes were prepared by sol–gel method. The particle electrodes were characterized by SEM, XRD, EDX, and BET then used to carry out three‐dimensional (3D) electrocatalytic oxidation degradation on simulated refractory p‐aminophenol (PAP) wastewater. The effects of initial pH, cell voltage, aeration flow rate and initial PAP concentration on degradation experiments were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the PAP and COD removal rates were 89.45% and 75.17% respectively. In addition, the possible degradation mechanism of PAP was further investigated by UV–Vis and HPLC. Finally, it was found that the Ti‐Si‐Sn‐Sb/GAC particle electrodes with high catalytic activity and excellent stability could significantly improve the PAP wastewater removal efficiency.
Diffusion coefficients of polyurethane coatings by swelling experiments using dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Wittchen Sergei , Kahl Heike , Waltschew David , Shahzad Irfan , Beiner Mario , Cepus Valentin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe present work describes the use of dielectric analysis (DEA) for comparison of swelling kinetics of two polyurethane coating recipes, R1702 and R1703, with varied hardener amount by swelling in ethanol. For this purpose, a rapid swelling test, simulating a cleaning process of coated polymer housings, was created and the diffusion coefficients of different coating compositions were calculated. These diffusion coefficients were compared with diffusion coefficients determined from the classical swelling experiment. Besides this, the internal comparison of swelling kinetics after repeated exposure of coatings to ethanol was made. Subsequently, the coating compositions with the most resistant against swelling were determined. For the fitting of desorption curves, received from DEA measurements, a fit function based on the solution of the second Fick´s law and Doolittle like equation was used. The DEA can be successfully used for comparison of desorption processes in polyurethane coatings and for the calculation of diffusion coefficients.
sPLA2 behaves like a prophylactic agent and mediates cellular and humoral immune responses in Plutella xylostella
Authors: Roy Miltan Chandra , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMost immune effectors are inducible to microbial pathogen infection while some are already present to act as prophylactic immunity against as yet unseen infection. This study identified secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) as a prophylactic factor in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. Western blotting using a polyclonal antibody raised against other lepidopteran sPLA2 reacted specifically with ∼25 kDa protein, which was present at approximately 0.4 mM in the plasma of naïve larvae. Interrogation of P. xylostella transcriptomes revealed an open‐reading frame for sPLA2 (Px‐sPLA2), exhibiting high homology with other Group III sPLA2s. Px‐sPLA2 was expressed in all developmental stages. In the larval stage, bacterial challenge induced its expression in hemocytes and fat body but not in gut or epidermis. RNA interference (RNAi) suppressed Px‐sPLA2 messenger RNA level and sPLA2 activity in plasma. An inhibition zone assay showed that Px‐sPLA2 exhibited antibacterial activities against different species, because specific RNAi knockdown impaired the activity. The RNAi treatment also suppressed the cellular immune response assessed by hemocyte nodule formation and humoral immune response assessed by antimicrobial peptide gene expression. Finally, benzylideneacetone (BZA, a specific sPLA2 inhibitor) treatment inhibited plasma sPLA2 activity of naive larvae in a dose‐dependent manner. An addition of BZA significantly increased the bacterial virulence of an entomopathogen, Bacillus thuringiensis. These results suggest that Px‐sPLA2 is an immune‐associated factor of P. xylostella and its relatively high level of concentration in the plasma of naive larvae strongly suggests its role as a prophylactic factor in defending against pathogens at early infection stages.
Activity of PRC1 and Histone H2AK119 Monoubiquitination: Revising Popular Misconceptions
Authors: Cohen Idan , Bar Carmit , Ezhkova Elena 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPolycomb group proteins are evolutionary conserved chromatin‐modifying complexes, essential for the regulation of developmental and cell‐identity genes. Polycomb‐mediated transcriptional regulation is provided by two multi‐protein complexes known as Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and 2 (PRC2). Recent studies positioned PRC1 as a foremost executer of Polycomb‐mediated transcriptional control. Mammalian PRC1 complexes can form multiple sub‐complexes that vary in their core and accessory subunit composition, leading to fascinating and diverse transcriptional regulatory mechanisms employed by PRC1 complexes. These mechanisms include PRC1‐catalytic activity toward monoubiquitination of histone H2AK119, a well‐established hallmark of PRC1 complexes, whose importance has been long debated. In this review, the central roles that PRC1‐catalytic activity plays in transcriptional repression are emphasized and the recent evidence supporting a role for PRC1 complexes in gene activation is discussed.
Synthesis, photophysical properties, and density functional theory studies of phenothiazine festooned vinylcyclohexenyl‐malononitrile
Authors: Al‐Zahrani Fatimah A.M. , Alzahrani Khalid Ahmed , El‐Shishtawy Reda M. , Abu Mellah Khloud , Al‐Soliemy Amerah M. , Asiri Abdullah M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA novel phenothiazine derivative conjugated with vinylcyclohexenyl‐malononitrile (PTZ‐CDN) was synthesized through the Knoevenagel reaction of 10‐octyl‐10H‐phenothiazine‐3,7‐dicarbaldehyde with 2‐(3,5,5‐trimethylcyclohex‐2‐en‐1‐ylidene)‐malononitrile and fully characterized. The UV–vis absorption spectra of PTZ‐CDN in different solvents showed a λmax band at 497–531 nm with a high molar extinction coefficient attributed to intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) with the characteristics of a π–π* transition. Increasing the solvent polarity resulted in a bathochromic shift of λmax. The PTZ‐CDN fluorescence emission spectra were more sensitive to increasing the solvent polarity than the absorption spectra; they displayed a blue shift of λem by 85 nm. To understand the behaviour of the PTZ‐CDN derivative, Stokes' shift (
with respect to the solvent polarity, Lippert–Mataga and linear solvation–energy relationship (LSER) models were applied in which the LSER showed better regression than the Lippert–Mataga plots (r2 = 0.9627). Finally, the TD‐density functional theory (DFT) electronic transition spectra in dioxane and dimethyl formamide (DMF) were calculated. The DFT data showed that λmax resulted from the support of the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital transition with 74% and 99% in dioxane and DMF, respectively.