bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REDUCING THE FIRE HAZARD OF PEATLANDS, METHODS AND FIRE-FIGHTING EQUIPMENT TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF THEIR EXTINGUISHING
Authors: Sukach R. , Kovalyshyn V. , Kyryliv Y. 
Published: March 2020

The article describes that peat has been used for energy and agricultural needs for a long time in several countries of the world. According to statistics from the International Peat Society (IPS), world peat reserves are over 400 million ha, of which more than 305 million ha are under development. In Ukraine, more than 2,500 peat deposits with an average depth of 1.4 m have been identified. Of these, about 81% of producing peat is used as fuel, and 19% is for agricultural purposes. However, every year hundreds of thousands cubic meters of peat deposits suffered from fires. Statistics of peat fires remains disappointing in the world in recent years. A similar situation is observed in Ukraine. Peat fires most often occur in places of peat extraction, as a rule, due to improper handling, from lightning discharges or spontaneous combustion. Peat fires often cover large areas and are difficult to extinguish, especially when a peat layer of considerable thickness burns. Peat can burn in all directions, regardless of the direction and strength of the wind, and under the soil it burns even with moderate rain and snowfall.
The existing methods for preventing fires in peat-forest ecosystems are analyzed and, on this basis, methods for improving and developing new ones are proposed.
One of the most effective means of preventing peat fires is to limit the spread of fire due to dug ditches and wide ditches along forests. Another way of protection is the flooding of drained peatlands. The most effective method of extinguishing is to ditch the territory with enclosing ditches. It is necessary to dig up to mineral soil or groundwater. The fire is extinguished by digging the burning peat and pouring it with plenty of water. Modeling the enclosing ditches, taking into account the moisture content of the litter and peat bogs, wind, and ambient temperature, makes it possible to determine their optimal sizes and location to increase the efficiency of the quenching process.
Increasing the efficiency of extinguishing peat fires by improving the design of the fire barrel allows improving the supply of fire extinguishing substances to the combustible layer when extinguishing fires at a depth of 2 to 7 meters. Extinguishing is carried out throughout the deployment depth and ensures safe working conditions for firefighters during the elimination of deep fires.
Improvement of existing fire extinguishing wetting solutions and the development of new ones allows achieving fire extinguishing and penetrating properties and increasing the extinguishing efficiency at depths of up to 7 meters
The Concepts-Constants of Political Discourse
Authors: Demkina Ya. Yu. 
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The paper considers the specifics of the cognitive concepts from the world of politics. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the concepts of political discourse and their constant structures. Scientific novelty lies in the new approach, exploring concepts of political discourse carried out on a cognitive level, given the structures of the concepts and at the level of consciousness, a thorough analysis of their. The object of this research is the concepts and constants of political discourse. Actuality of work is determined by the great interest on the part of linguists to the study of the relationship of language and society, language and politics, in which language becomes the main tool of understanding political battles and victories.Methodology and sources. Cognitive-discourse approach to the analysis of the concepts of political discourse is used in the paper, experimental methods creating a picture of use of concepts and their constant structures in political debates and speeches. Any concept is a part of the information about the real situation in society, politics, and the world.Results and discussion. The analysis of the concepts of political discourse and their constant structures based on systemic functional approach, the essence of which is the consideration of the object as a system – a coherent body of interrelated elements operating within the framework of political discourse. Analysis of the concepts and their structures was achieved through the establishment of a connection with history and etymology, through the creation of associative, relying on various dictionaries (historical, explanatory, etymological). These data were obtained by using experimental methods that determine the frequency of use of any concept and its constant structure in the speeches of political figures, for example, the political leaders of Great Britain. In addition, the analysis of concepts and their structures must identify the units of lexical meanings of concepts. The concept is necessary to be studied not only at the linguistic level but also at the level of consciousness.Conclusion. The use of experimental methods for the analysis of concepts and their constant structures allowed to discuss elements of the concepts and their relationships. The results of the paper were to build systematic structures concepts of political discourse on the example of the use of basic concepts: “power”, “people”, “nation”, “state”, “unity” in the speeches of political leaders in the UK.
Expert Estimation of Effectiveness of Social Work with Migrants in Russian Government Institutions and Non-Profit Organizations
Authors: Kovtun E. A. , Yakolenko A. D. 
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The main challenge faced by many migrants is problems arising during the integration in host communities. Social work with migrants and their families in Russia is an important area. However, up to now, a systematic understanding of what methods of social works used in government institutions and non-profit organizations with migrants are effective is still lacking. The purpose of the research is to study the state of social work with migrants in Russia and to identify the risk factors and the problems in the course of adaptation and integration of migrants into Russian society.Methodology and sources. Data for this study were collected using the qualitative method of a survey to assess the practices of social work with migrants. Semi-structured interviews (30 interviews) were conducted in 2017–2019 in St Petersburg, Moscow and Kazan with employees of professional centers for work with migrants, scientists specializing in the study of migration processes in their various aspects, and organizers of regular events (seminars, conferences) on this topic. Sampling was formed using the snowball method to select the most qualified specialists and practitioners. The number of interviews made it possible to cover various areas of social work with migrants, both in government structures and in non-profit organizations, and to examine both the practice of social work and the management sphere. Processing of results was conducted using the method of expert assessments.Results and discussion. According to the results of interviews, authors identify that the effectiveness of the social works in this sphere is determined by different components of integration with the host community: legal literacy of foreign citizens, increasing their legal security, improving access to health care and education, to housing and the labor market, improving the professional skills of migrants and their knowledge of the Russian language, history and socio-cultural foundations of Russian society.Conclusion. Based on expert assessments, the most effective practices of social work with migrants in the process of adaptation were identified: legal advice, orientation courses, mobile counseling points where migrants can get advice from a social worker, a lawyer, and a doctor, and mobile applications integrated with state and non-state organizations. The results obtained show that the role of non-profit organizations (national cultural organizations for the preservation and development of cultures, the House of Friendship of Peoples) is growing.
Triple Social Nutrition Construction
Authors: Jin Junkai 
Published: March 2020

Introduction. The purpose of the paper is analysis of the humanity perception of material objects that are used as food, from the point of view of sociology, and analysis of material relations of entry-level (people and material objects recognized as the food), in which the social construction and impact of social engineering to limit the actions of people in public life. The novelty of the author’s approach is to allocate reverse the effects of nutrition on human behavior as a factor of social process.Methodology and sources. In this paper, for the analysis of social practices of nutrition as a social process used to conceptual design of “social construction” from the point of view of the sociology of things the sociology of knowledge and sociology of nutrition. The analysis of the authors’ works that address issues of social construction (Durkheim, Latour, Berger, Luckmann, Schütz, etc.).Results and discussion. According to the study author proposes a classification, according to which the social construction of power is divided into three types (levels). Nominative type is elementary awareness of the substances. Measurement type is further systematization of knowledge about food and the actions relating thereto (the distinction between substances on the basis of edibility, the establishment of various foundations products or their social attributes, defining the main ways of making food). Institutional type is determining in what form to carry out actions with the products and everything associated with them (the emergence of order meals and nutrition, the overcoming of primitive naturalism in power).The hypothesis is expressed and investigated that each level of the design is conditioned by the social and structural environment interaction of the actors.Conclusion. It is stated that in the modern system of nominative power, and measuring the types of institutional design are in a state of complex interdependence, since over time a system of knowledge, constructed by the forerunners, turned into a “cash knowledge” with the result that subsequent generations gradually ceased to distinguish between the complexity of multilevel social constructions of reality.Formulated thesis is that the analysis of the social construction of reality should help to better understand the social nature of food, in particular, to answer the question: how do food products are social constructions, as they are created by our consciousness under the influence of the existing “cash” system of knowledge as constructed, their properties (their tastes), which, as it turns out, are not so much biological, but also socio-cultural properties.
BIMBINGAN TEKNIS (BIMTEK) KARYA TULIS ILMIAH BAGI GURU-GURU SD SE-KECAMATAN MIOMAFFO BARAT
Authors: Sila Vinsensia Ulia Rita , Salu Martinus Lafu , Mamoh Oktovianus 
Published: March 2020

Pengabdian dilaksanakan di SDK Eban I, Kecamatan Miomaffo Barat pada tanggal 09 Agustus 2018 sampai dengan tanggal 11 Agustus 2018 dengan jumlah peserta 33 orang. Metode yang digunakan adalah a) metode survey dan observasi, digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran kebutuhan guru-guru SD Se-kecamatan Miomaffo Barat akan penulisan karya ilmiah PTK, peserta dan lokasi pelaksanaan kegiatan, b) metode ceramah dan tanya jawab, digunakan pada saat menyampaikan materi PTK yang sifatnya teoritis dan c) metode diskusi dan latihan, digunakan pada saat tahap diskusi setelah penyampaian materi, latihan penulisan proposal PTK dan penulisan laporan PTK. Data awal menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru sangat membutuhkan bimbingan teknis karya tulis ilmiah dengan memberikan respon positif sebesar 87,88%. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru sudah mampu mengidentifikasi masalah, merumuskan judul dan menulis proposal PTK. Para guru memberikan respon positif sebesar 81,82% terhadap materi yang disampaikan dan berusaha menulis proposal dan laporan hasil PTK. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa guru-guru sangat antusias dengan materi karya tulis ilmiah PTK sebagai pengembangan profesionalisme guru. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru-guru SD-sekecamatan Miomaffo Barat sangat membutuhkan materi penulisan karya tulis ilmiah PTK demi pengembangan profesionalisme guru. Dengan kegiatan ini juga para guru telah mampu mengidentifikasi masalah, merumuskan judul dan menulis proposal PTK.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN USING ENGLISH FOR TAKING ORDER PROCEDURE IN RESTAURANT
Authors: Putra Ida Nyoman Tri Darma 
Published: March 2020

The aim of this study to analyze students' English speaking skills in conducting taking orders procedure in restaurants. This study is conducted in order to overcome the problems encountered by the students in speaking activities in taking orders. To measure the ability of students in speaking English in taking orders, the researchers observed the procedures that the students did not perform and measure the students’ competence of English language. Samples of this study are the fourth semester students in Hospitality courses Diploma Degree of Mataram Tourism Institute in Academic Year 2018/2019. The results of this study indicated that the level of completeness of the procedure in taking student orders in STP Mataram is in average. More than 50% students have conducted the appropriate procedure when taking orders in using English. From the result of data analysis in measuring the students’ competence in speaking English, the mean score is 78.90 with standard deviation is 12.14. From the result, it is converted and get score 3.1. The score showed that the ability of English students from 40 students in STP Mataram classified as Good Criteria.
AN ANALYSIS OF COMMUNICATION TYPES OF DEAF STUDENTS WITH ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Rahmah Cipta Rizqi , Kholiq Abdul 
Published: March 2020

The research aimed to analysis (1) the deaf student communicate with the deaf student; (2) with other disability; and (3) with normal people. This research used a qualitative approach. The sources of data are focusing on the communication types of deaf students by three deaf people SMALB Banjarmendalan Lamongan academic year 2016/2017. Data Collection Techniques are interview; observation; and documentation. Research Instruments in this study are a notebook to write about the interview; checklist paper; and field note. Analyzing technique in this study are organizing, coding and reducing, interpreting and representing. The result of this study are Deaf children's communication with deaf children is more dominant using nonverbal rather than verbal. Use of continuous verbal communication such as Kinect (facial expression, eye contact, sign language), haptics, paralanguage, and proxemict. Deaf children communicate with other disability (down syndrome) is Deaf children's communication with dominant down syndrome children using nonverbal communication types. The use of intense verbal communication such as kinestict (facial expressions, eye contact, sign language) and haptics are two very important aspects of their communication. Deaf children's communication with normal people uses a combination of verbal (oral and writing) and nonverbal (kinect, haptic, and proxemic). Teachers will use a clear combination of sign language and oral. While researchers use oral, written and sign language to make it easier for deaf students to understand the conversation.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION AND SPEAKING COMPETENCE BY USING THINK-PAIR-SHARE STRATEGY
Authors: Hanan Ahmad , Budiarti Hera Aulia 
Published: March 2020

This research was aimed at describing whether or not Think-Pair-Share strategy is able to improve the students’ motivation and speaking competence. The research was a Classroom Action Research. The data collected through qualitative and quantitative ways. The instruments used by the researcher were speaking test, observation sheet and questionnaire. The finding of the research showed that the strategy can improve the students’ motivation and speaking competence. The improvement can be seen from the result of note taking and observation sheet. In cycle one there were 20 out of 30 students improved their motivation which was also supported by questionnaire result of 84%. In cycle two the result of note taking and observation sheet showed that there were 25 out of 30 students improved their motivation which was also supported by questionnaire result of 91%. The mean score of the students also showed an improvement, from 63, 53 on first cycle to 84 on the second cycle. So, it could be concluded that using Think-Pair-Share strategy was able to improve the students’ motivation and speaking competence.
Effects of animacy on the processing of morphological Number: a cognitive inheritance?
Authors: Zanini Chiara , Rugani Rosa , Giomo Dunia , Peressotti Francesca , Franzon Francesca 
Published: March 2020

Language encodes into morphology part of the information present in the referential world. Some features are marked in the great majority of languages, such as the numerosity of the referents that is encoded in morphological Number. Other features do not surface as frequently in morphological markings, yet they are pervasive in natural languages. This is the case of animacy, that can ground Gender systems as well as constrain the surfacing of Number. The diffusion of numerosity and animacy could mirror their biological salience at the extra-linguistic cognitive level. Human extra-linguistic numerical abilities are phylogenetically ancient and are observed in non-human animal species, especially when counting salient animate entities such as social companions. Does the saliency of animacy influence the morphological encoding of Number in language processing?We designed an experiment to test the encoding of morphological Number in language processing in relation to animacy. In Italian, Gender and Number are mandatorily expressed in a fusional morpheme. In some nouns denoting animate referents, Gender encodes the sex of referents and is semantically interpretable. In some other animate nouns and in inanimate nouns, Gender is uninterpretable at the semantic level. We found that it is easier to inflect for Number nouns when the inflectional morpheme is interpretable with respect to a semantic feature related to animacy. We discuss the possibility that the primacy of animacy in counting is mirrored in morphological processing and that morphology is designed to easily express information that is salient from a cognitive point of view.
Competence Interpertations of Religious Court For Islamic Family Law in Indonesia
Authors: Ruslin Ruslin 
Published: March 2020

Limitation study area in this article is the starting point of three scholarly foundations, the foundation of ontology related to the object of study, epistemological ground with regard to the method used in the study and axiology related to foundation with the purpose or significance of the study. The object of study in this article is the competence of the Religious Court in the interpretation of Islamic family law in Indonesia, covering permasalahan Interpretation of Family Law Islamic Religious Courts Indonesia, procedures Interpretation of Family Law Islamic Religious Courts Indonesia, judgment of Religious Courts in Indonesia there Interpretation Law and competent in the interpretation of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia Religious Courts. The method used, the study included a kind of normative legal studies approach to the blade, then the method of analysis, there are three, namely: (1) political approach, (2) statue approach, (3) analytical approach. The data source materials normative, ie competence Religious Courts of Indonesia and all sources of Islamic family law that is set in the regulations and legislation arranged in hierarchical.Techniques are Data collections to study for the document. This study, including qualitative assessment of normative, the analytical descriptive analysis (explanatory). Theoretical framework used, ie at the level of grand theory using the theory of ijtihad, the middle level of theory using the theory of law and society and on the plains applied theory using the theory of Islamic Sharia Judical system. While the significance of this study is to find the source of the law, the legal function and purpose of law. The results in the study which were to find the nature of legal interpretation procedures, problems that are interpreted in the Religious and who are competent to interpret the Islamic family law in Indonesia Religious Courts.
Keywords: interpretation; Islamic family law; justice religion
USO DE LAS REDES SOCIALES EN LAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS DEL MUNICIPIO CABIMAS
Authors: Rivas Cuicas Ana Cecilia 
Published: March 2020

El propósito de este artículo consiste en describir el uso de las redes sociales en las universidades públicas del municipio Cabimas. Metodológicamente secaracterizó como una investigación de tipo descriptiva, con un diseño no experimental de campo y transeccional. La población estuvo constituida por dos (2) universidades públicas pertenecientes al municipio Cabimas, de donde se tomó una muestra finita conformada por 69 docentes que desempeñaban cargos administrativos. La técnica que se utilizó para la recolección de datos fue la encuesta. El instrumento lo constituyó un cuestionario de tipo escala Likert, con opciones múltiples de respuestas y de aplicación autoadministrada. Para su validez fue sometido al escrutinio de 7 expertos. Para el análisis de la información obtenida se emplearon como técnicas de tratamiento de datos la estadística descriptiva, específicamente la frecuencia absoluta y porcentual. Los resultados de esta investigación generaron un aporte significativo en cuanto al uso de las redes sociales en las instituciones de educación superior del municipio Cabimas.
Significados atribuídos pelas crianças ao Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência – PIBID
Authors: Pereira Sopelsa Cleide dos Santos , Rausch Rita Buzzi , Santos Isabelle dos 
Published: March 2020

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender os significados atribuídos pelas crianças ao PIBID, a partir das experiências vividas por elas no decorrer do ano de 2017, nos subprojetos de Pedagogia e Educação Física da Universidade Regional de Blumenau - FURB. A investigação, de caráter qualitativo, se justifica pela ausência de estudos que ouviram as crianças a respeito do tema, constatada na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD), no decorrer dos anos de 2009 a 2017. O contexto foram duas escolas públicas do município de Blumenau - SC, e os participantes, dez crianças estudantes do 3º ano do ensino fundamental. A geração de dados se deu a partir de rodas de conversas e a análise dos dados foi realizada com base nos princípios da Análise do Conteúdo. Foram definidas quatro categorias a posteriori, que caracterizam os principais significados atribuídos pelas crianças ao PIBID: a) a participação ativa como pressuposto metodológico; b) as mudanças provocadas no espaço escolar; c) as aprendizagens a partir das atividades desenvolvidas pelo PIBID; e d) a afetividade. As categorias possibilitam inferir que as crianças viveram, no contexto das propostas desenvolvidas pelo PIBID, experiências bastante significativas em seu processo educacional. Estas, possibilitaram participação na tomada de decisões a respeito das propostas desenvolvidas; experienciar uma escola com um espaço físico pensado em função de suas características e necessidades; e, elaborar importantes aprendizagens de uma forma afetiva e acolhedora.
Palavras-chave: PIBID. Formação de professores. Pesquisa com crianças.