bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A state‐of‐the‐art review of the experience of care coordination interventions for people living with multimorbidity
Authors: Peart Annette , Barton Chris , Lewis Virginia , Russell Grant 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo explore recent research on care coordination interventions for people living with multimorbidity, from the perspective of the person receiving care.BackgroundCare coordination interventions for people living with multimorbidity show some effectiveness in improving management of their health and reducing potentially preventable hospitalisations. The experience of people enrolled in care coordination interventions requires further exploration.DesignState‐of‐the‐art review.MethodsA review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) checklist where five databases (The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Scopus, CINAHL and MEDLINE) were searched for qualitative sources published from January 2008–March 2019. Two additional databases focused on multimorbidity and integrated care were included in the search. Titles, abstracts and full texts were screened using inclusion criteria. Reference lists of the included articles were hand‐searched. Summary tables were developed for data extraction, and the data were mapped to the research question.ResultsEighteen primary research articles were included. Three themes of participant experience were identified: (a) relationships built on trust, (b), a sense of safety and security and (c) feeling cared for and respected.ConclusionThe contribution of qualitative approaches to evaluating the experiences of care for people living with multimorbidity is growing. Participants’ describe a focus on relationships formed with healthcare professionals during care coordination. Further research incorporating lived experiences of participants could illuminate these concepts further.Relevance to clinical practicePeople living with multimorbidity who require assistance via care coordination value trusting relationships with healthcare professionals, who respect their needs and provide a sense of security. Understanding participant experiences is important to shape care coordination interventions that incorporate person‐centred approaches.
Behavioural disturbances in patients with frontotemporal lobe degeneration focusing on caregiver burden at home and in nursing homes
Authors: Rognstad May‐Karin , Nåden Dagfinn , Ulstein Ingun , Kvaal Kari , Langhammer Birgitta , Sagbakken Mette 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAim and objectiveTo explore the challenges faced by family caregivers of people with frontotemporal dementia and other forms of dementia affecting the frontal and temporal lobes causing behavioural disturbances through a qualitative approach with in‐depth interviews.BackgroundStudies of different forms of dementia involving degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes have mainly focused on the neurophysiology and physiology of the disease and on caregivers’ health. Few studies have described the challenges and burdens connected with everyday life and in relation to suitable nursing home placement that are faced by family caregivers.Method and designThis study used a descriptive and explorative design. Eleven semi‐structured interviews with family caregivers of patients from special units in four nursing homes were conducted in 2014. Data were analysed based on Kvale and Brinkmann's three contexts of interpretation: self‐understanding, common sense and theoretical understanding. Checklist for qualitative studies: Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR) http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/srqr/ResultsTwo central themes were derived from the data: changes in behaviour and personality were perceived as incomprehensible, frightening and increasingly difficult to manage. Family caregivers experienced challenges in finding suitable care facilities when they were not able to continue providing home care. Due to behavioural disturbances and lack of relevant competencies among health personnel, family members were often moved between nursing homes.ConclusionPronounced personality and behavioural disturbances such as tactlessness and aggression in a family member with dementia are experienced by caregivers as stressful and burdensome and may lead to feelings of shame and guilt. A lack of suitable care facilities adds to the stress and difficulties of the families and entails an additional and unresolved burden.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe study reveals a need for more knowledge among those organising health services as well as healthcare professional dealing with this patient category to ease the burden on next of kin.
Mediating the interface between voluntariness and coercion: A qualitative study of learning disability nurses’ work in medical examinations of people with intellectual disability
Authors: Sparby Linn Ebeltoft , Olsvold Nina , Obstfelder Aud 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo gain knowledge of prevention and use of restraints in provision of medical care to people with intellectual disability. To this end, we explore how learning disability nurses in community services support the individual through medical examinations when facing resistance.BackgroundDespite increased focus on limiting restraints, there is a lack of knowledge of how restraints are prevented and used in the delivery of physical health care to people with intellectual disability.DesignWe used an ethnographic comparative case design (n = 6).MethodsThe study was carried out in Norway. The analysis is based on data from semi‐structured interviews, participant observation and document studies, in addition to health sociological perspectives on how to support individuals to make their body available for medical examination and intervention. The SRQR checklist was used.ResultsLearning disability nurses strove to ensure that examinations were carried out on the individual's terms, supporting the individual in three phases: preparing for the examination, facilitating the examination and, when facing resistance, intervening to ensure safe and compassionate completion of the examination.ConclusionsSupporting the person was a precarious process where professionals had to balance considerations of voluntariness and coercion, progress and breakdown, safety and risk of injury, and dignity and violation. Through their support, learning disability nurses helped to constitute the “resistant” individual as “a cooperative patient,” whose body could be examined within the knowledge and methods of medicine, but who could also be safeguarded as a human being through the strain of undergoing examination.Relevance to clinical practiceThe article sheds light on how restraints are used in the medical examination and treatment of people with intellectual disabilities and demonstrates the significance of professional support workers’ contributions, both in facilitating safe and efficient medical care and in ensuring the least restrictive and most compassionate care possible.
Front‐line nurses' perceptions of intra‐hospital handover
Authors: Tobiano Georgia , Ting Christine , Ryan Christine , Jenkinson Kim , Scott Lucie , Marshall Andrea P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAim and objectiveTo explore nurses' perceptions of factors that help or hinder intra‐hospital handover.BackgroundMiscommunication during clinical handover is a leading cause of clinical incidents in hospitals. Intra‐hospital nursing handover between the emergency department and inpatient unit is particularly complex.DesignA descriptive, qualitative study. This research adheres to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research.MethodsForty‐nine nurses participated in group interviews, which were analysed using inductive content analysis.ResultsThree categories emerged: (a) “lacking clear responsibilities for who provides handover”; (b) “strategies to ensure continuity of information”; and (c) “strained relationships during handover.”ConclusionsIntra‐hospital handover requires clear processes, to promote high‐quality information sharing. Ensuring these processes are broad and acceptable across units may ensure nurses' needs are met. Relational continuity between nurses is an important consideration when improving intra‐hospital handover.Relevance to clinical practiceNursing managers are optimally positioned to enhance intra‐hospital handover, by liaising and enforcing standardisation of processes across units. Nurse managers could promote intra‐unit activities that foster front‐line nurses' communication with each other, to encourage problem‐solving and partnerships.
The role of nurses and midwives in the provision of abortion care: A scoping review
Authors: Mainey Lydia , O’Mullan Catherine , Reid‐Searl Kerry , Taylor Annabel , Baird Kathleen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo define the role and scope of the nurse and midwife within the global context of abortion.BackgroundAn estimated 56 million women seek abortions each year; nurses and midwives are commonly involved in their care (Singh et al., 2018, https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/abortion-worldwide-2017.pdf). As new models of abortion care emerge, there is a pressing need to develop a baseline understanding of the role and scope of nurses and midwives who care for women seeking abortions.DesignThe review design was Arksey and O’Malley's five‐stage methodological framework. The review follows the PRISMA‐ScR checklist.MethodsMEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and ScienceDirect were used to identify original research, commentaries and reports, published between 2008–2019, from which we selected 74 publications reporting on the nursing or midwifery role in abortion care.ResultsNurses and midwives provide abortion care in a variety of practice. Three themes emerged from the literature: the regulated role; providing psychosocial care; and the expanding scope of practice.ConclusionsThe literature on nursing and midwifery practice in abortion care is broad. Abortion‐related practices are potentially over‐regulated. Appropriately trained nurses and midwives can provide abortions as safely as physicians. The preparation of nurses and midwives to provide abortion care requires further research. Also, healthcare organisations should explore person‐centred models of abortion care.Relevance to clinical practiceAbortion care is a common procedure performed across many healthcare settings. Nurses and midwives provide technical and psychosocial care to women who seek abortions. Governments and regulatory bodies could safely extend their scope of practice to increase women's access to safe abortions. Introduction of education programmes, as well as embedding practice in person‐centred models of care, may improve outcomes for women seeking abortions.
Sequence variant in the CDC42BPB gene is potentially associated with Mullerian duct anomalies
Authors: Luo Li‐Jing , Feng Fan , Li Sheng‐Hui , Lu Dan , Li Lin , Zhou Qi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimMullerian duct anomalies (MDA) are common female genital tract malformations. Genetic and environmental factors are important causes of MDA in women. Although many genes and mutations have been found to be associated with the pathogenesis of MDA, in most cases, the genetic pathogenic factors of MDA are still unknown.MethodsWe first analyzed the three sisters using low coverage whole‐genome sequencing. Then whole‐exome sequencing was carried out in each patient. The identified sequence variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In silico pathogenicity analysis and conservative analysis of the mutation site were also performed. Protein structural modeling was used to analyze the effect of the mutated amino acid.ResultsWe first analyzed the three sisters with septate uterus using low coverage whole‐genome sequencing, but no possible pathogenic copy number variation was found. Then whole‐exome sequencing was performed on the three sisters, and a rare homozygous variant, CDC42BPB:c.2012G>A:p.R671Q, was identified. All three patients were found with this variant. Sanger sequencing validated that this variant was segregated within the family. In silico pathogenicity analysis and conservative analysis of the mutation site suggested that the variant might be damaging. Protein structural analysis suggested that R671Q might weaken the electrostatic potential of this region, which may be a significant regulation target or protein interaction surface of CDC42BPB.ConclusionWe demonstrated that CDC42BPB genetic variant might be potentially associated with the pathogenesis of MDA.
Effectiveness of the Visual–Auditory Shadowing Method on Learning the Pronunciation of Kanji
Authors: Nakayama Tomokazu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study investigates whether the visual–auditory (VA) shadowing method can better facilitate vocabulary learning for learners of Japanese as a second language (JSL) than the visual–visual (VV) shadowing method in K‐8 immersion education. Learning vocabulary involves three aspects: meaning, orthography, and pronunciation. The Japanese language has complex orthography and pronunciation. Learners of Japanese need to learn three kinds of orthographic characters: ideographs (kanji) and two kinds of syllabic characters (hiragana and katakana). In addition, because the pronunciation of kanji can vary by context, learners must learn several pronunciations for a single kanji character. This study explores a reasonable way to learn pronunciations of kanji and compares VA shadowing (n = 48) and VV shadowing (n = 47) to investigate which condition better facilitates learning the pronunciation of Japanese ideographs. The analysis suggests that compared to the VV shadowing condition (p < .05), the VA shadowing condition is more effective for Level 3 learners but not for Level 2 or Level 1 learners.
Exploring the Impact of ACA on Rural‐Urban Disparity in Oral Health Services Among US Noninstitutionalized Adults
Authors: Lee Wei‐Chen , Li Chih‐Ying , Serag Hani , Tabrizi Maryam , Kuo Yong‐Fang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeTo explore the effect of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on rural disparities in oral health services utilization based on disability status.MethodsComparing the 2011‐2013 with the 2014‐2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, the study estimated the impacts of ACA on the likelihood of having preventive checkup and utilization of dental treatments in adults older than 18.FindingsThe sample consists of 216,184 noninstitutionalized adults with 14.5% living in rural areas. There was a slight improvement in the receipt of oral health services after ACA, but the improvement was not statistically significant. Disability remains a barrier to receiving preventive oral health checkups, and living in rural areas is a barrier for both utilization of preventive checkups and dental treatments.ConclusionsUnmet needs for preventive checkups may result in unnecessary, costly dental treatments. More strategies are needed to reduce the disparities in oral health services.
eDNA metabarcoding survey reveals fine‐scale coral reef community variation across a remote, tropical island ecosystem
Authors: West Katrina M. , Stat Michael , Harvey Euan S. , Skepper Craig L. , DiBattista Joseph D. , Richards Zoe T. , Travers Michael J. , Newman Stephen J. , Bunce Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, a technique for retrieving multispecies DNA from environmental samples, can detect a diverse array of marine species from filtered seawater samples. There is a growing potential to integrate eDNA alongside existing monitoring methods in order to establish or improve the assessment of species diversity. Remote island reefs are increasingly vulnerable to climate‐related threats and as such there is a pressing need for cost‐effective whole‐ecosystem surveying to baseline biodiversity, study assemblage changes and ultimately develop sustainable management plans. We investigated the utility of eDNA metabarcoding as a high‐resolution, multitrophic biomonitoring tool at the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Australia (CKI)—a remote tropical coral reef atoll situated within the eastern Indian Ocean. Metabarcoding assays targeting the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and CO1 genes, as well as the 18S rRNA nuclear gene, were applied to 252 surface seawater samples collected from 42 sites within a 140 km2 area. Our assays successfully detected a wide range of bony fish and elasmobranchs (244 taxa), crustaceans (88), molluscs (37) and echinoderms (7). Assemblage composition varied significantly between sites, reflecting habitat partitioning across the island ecosystem and demonstrating the localisation of eDNA signals, despite extensive tidal and oceanic movements. In addition, we document putative new occurrence records for 46 taxa and compare the efficiency of our eDNA approach to visual survey techniques at CKI. Our study demonstrates the utility of a multimarker metabarcoding approach in capturing multitrophic biodiversity across an entire coral reef atoll and sets an important baseline for ongoing monitoring and management.
Differences in teaching female and male intimate examinations: A qualitative study
Authors: Gleisner Jenny , Siwe Karin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractContextTeaching intimate examinations to medical students has been recognised as difficult because of the anxious feelings that the students may experience. For their professional development, previously incorporated understandings need to be relearned: how to transgress boundaries that regulate intimacy and physical closeness, learning to examine and touch other peoples' bodies, and talking about things that are otherwise taboo.ObjectivesThis paper compares how students learn to perform two intimate examinations: (i) the digital rectal examination (DRE) of the prostate, and (ii) the bimanual pelvic examination (PE) and analyses how norms and expectations affect how students learn to approach them.MethodsThis study is based on ethnographic work: in‐depth qualitative interviews with two urologists and nine medical students in semesters four, eight and 11 of a medical education programme in Sweden, observations of three learning sessions where 16 students performed the PE on professional patients, and 2 days of observations at a urology outpatient clinic.ResultsThe educational approach to the PE and DRE differ. The PE is taught as sensitive and to be handled with care, using a well‐documented learning concept including interpersonal and technical skills. The patient's exposed position in the gynaecological chair, possible previous negative experiences of PE or sexual exploitation are taken into account. In contrast, there is no educational concept for teaching the DRE. The students perform their first DRE on a clinical patient. The DRE is also handled with care, but with less sensitivity. The patients' possible previous negative experiences are not discussed and are thus made invisible.ConclusionsWell‐established routines in performing the PE help doctors and students to be attentive to patients' emotions and previous experiences, and remind them to perceive the examination as sensitive. Aligning the teaching of the DRE with that of the PE will improve how the male prostate patient is approached.
Histopathological determinants of autofluorescence patterns in oral carcinoma
Authors: Meleti Marco , Giovannacci Ilaria , Vescovi Paolo , Pedrazzi Giuseppe , Govoni Paolo , Magnoni Cristina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBiological tissues (including oral mucosa) can absorb and re‐emit specific light wavelengths, detectable through spectrophotometric devices. Such a phenomenon is known as “autofluorescence” (AF). Several devices evaluating tissue AF have been developed and commercialized in the last two decades. Among these, the VELscope® system has been proposed as a visual diagnostic aid for potentially malignant disorders and malignant lesions of the oral mucosa. In the present pilot study, we investigated which are the main histopathological features possibly related to variations in AF patterns in a set of 20 oral squamous cell verrucous carcinoma. Among all the histological features investigated, only the mean width of keratin was significantly different between hypofluorescent and hyperfluorescent carcinomas. The results of the present study demonstrate that AF features of oral malignant lesions are significantly associated with the width of their keratin layer.
IGS region polymorphisms are responsible for failure of commonly used species‐specific primers in Fusarium proliferatum isolates from diseased garlic
Authors: Gálvez Laura , Clarkson John P. , Palmero Daniel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFusarium proliferatum is a globally distributed fungal pathogen that affects a range of crop hosts and is one of the main producers of mycotoxins, such as fumonisins, in foods. Specific PCR primers are commonly used for detection and identification of this pathogen. The aim of this study was to validate previously published F. proliferatum‐specific primers targeting the intergenic spacer (IGS) region and characterize intraspecific variation and homologous recombination events for isolates obtained from diseased garlic bulbs in Spain. Sixty‐nine isolates were morphologically identified as F. proliferatum, and their identity was confirmed by sequencing of the translation elongation factor; however, specific IGS primers did not result in an amplification product for nine of these isolates. Further analysis showed that this was due to polymorphism in the IGS region and six isolates were classified as IGS type I, while the remaining isolates were type II. Sequencing of the complete IGS region revealed numerous sequence polymorphisms amongst F. proliferatum isolates, and regions of recombination. Duplication and deletion events may have occurred via unequal crossing over during mitotic or meiotic recombination. These results suggest that the IGS region may be too variable as a reliable target for F. proliferatum‐specific identification.
The effects of acceptance and commitment therapy on lifestyle and behavioral changes: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yıldız Erman 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeTo determine, evaluate, and synthesize the best available evidence about the evidence‐based pragmatic effects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on lifestyle and behavioral changes (LBCs).Design and MethodsThe PICOS formulations were used to improve the search strategy of this systematic review with the aim to find the right evidence and ask the right questions. The assessed articles were subjected to quality assessment using the PRISMA checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute's standardized critical assessment and data extraction tools.FindingsThis study involved 30 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which met the research criteria. Although the included RCTs have several limitations in themselves, the results of this study suggested that the ACT will help maintain long‐term LBCs (eg, weight management, effective coping with substance‐related and addictive problems, eating and physical activity).Practice ImplicationsGiven that ACT is a trandiagnostic approach that promotes health‐related LBCs in many diseases and populations, it seems reasonable for clinicians to use and test ACT to achieve pragmatic results.