bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body composition impact on sleep in young adults: The mediating role of sedentariness, physical activity, and diet
Authors: Carneiro-Barrera Almudena , Amaro-Gahete Francisco J. , Acosta Francisco M. , Ruiz Jonatan R. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Obesity and short sleep duration have both been related to endocrine and metabolic alterations, type II diabetes mellitus, life-threating cardiovascular diseases, and impaired daytime functioning and mood. However, the bidirectional relationship between these conditions and underlying mechanisms still remain unclear, especially in young adults. Objective This cross-sectional study therefore was aimed at elucidating the potential association of anthropometric and body composition parameters with objective and subjective sleep duration and quality in young sedentary adults, considering the potential mediating role of objectively-measured sedentariness, physical activity, and diet. Methods A total of 187 adults aged 18-25 (35.29% men) were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio were calculated through weight, height, waist and hip circumferences measures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner was used to assess body composition parameters such as lean mass index, fat mass index and visceral adipose tissue mass. Sedentary time, physical activity, and sleep duration and quality were objectively measured using accelerometry, sleep quality also being subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Dietary intake was assessed by means of 24h recall questionnaires. Results BMI, waist-hip ratio and lean mass index were inversely associated to objectively-measured total sleep time and sleep efficiency (p < 0.05). Sedentary time moderated by sex explained the effects of BMI on total sleep time such that a high BMI was related to higher sedentariness in men which, in turn, was significantly associated with shorter sleep duration. Discussion Sedentary time is a link-risk factor mediating the adverse consequences of high BMI on short sleep duration in healthy young men. However, not until the complex association between body composition and sleep in young population is properly understood will it be possible to establish appropriate therapeutic goals addressing the early morbidity and mortality that obesity and short sleep duration certainly determine.
Decreased swallowing function in the sarcopenic elderly, without clinical dysphagia: a case-control study
Authors: Chen Yen-Chih , CHEN Pei-Yun , WANG Yu-Chen , WANG Tyng-Guey , HAN Der-Sheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Sarcopenia and dysphagia have both become pivotal issues due to the increased number of elderly people. However, it’s still in question that whether sarcopenia, defined by the reduced handgrip strength and/or reduced gait speed, would necessarily results in pathological effects on swallowing function. Studies that focus on the subclinical changes of swallowing function of the sarcopenic elderly are lacking. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the swallowing function of the sarcopenic elderly without dysphagia.

Methods

This was a case-control study and subjects were recruited from the community. 94 individuals aged 65 and older without dysphagia were divided into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia group. Assessment of swallowing consisted of tongue pressure measurement, hyoid displacement and movement velocity measurement with submental ultrasonography, 100 ml water swallow test, and the 10-item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10).

Results

The average tongue pressure was 47.0 ± 13.7 kPa in sarcopenia group and 48.6 ± 11.5 kPa in non-sarcopenia group (p = 0.55). The average hyoid displacement during swallowing was 15.3 ± 4.4 mm in sarcopenia group and 13.0 ± 4.2 mm in non-sarcopenia group (p < 0.05). The average hyoid movement velocity during swallowing was 22.0 ± 9.1 mm/s in sarcopenia group and 17.4 ± 7.4 mm/s in non-sarcopenia group (p < 0.05). The time needed to consume 100 ml of water was 14.7 ± 10.5 seconds in sarcopenia group and 7.0 ± 3.9 seconds in non-sarcopenia group (p < 0.05). The average score of EAT-10 was 0.5 ± 0.6 in sarcopenia group and 0.1 ± 0.3 in non-sarcopenia group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Swallowing function was significantly diminished in elderly individuals with sarcopenia, before clinical symptoms became evident. However, tongue muscles seemed resistant to sarcopenia at an early stage. Compensative strategies, such as reduced swallowing speed and increased hyoid bone movement, were observed in the sarcopenic subjects.
Percutaneous Microcompression for Idiopathic Trigeminal Neuralgia: curative effects and complications
Authors: ma yi , Li Yan-feng , Huang Hai-tao , Wang Bin , Wang Quan-cai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background. We aimed to present the immediate and long term effect of percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN). Methods. ITN patients who underwent PBC for the first time in the past seven years were enrolled. Base line data and immediate postoperative outcomes were collected by reviewing the medical records and long term results. Kaplan-Meier curve, life-table analysis proportional-hazards analysis were utilized to assess the long term results and the likelihood of tic recurrence. Results. 12,797 patients were enrolled. Immediate after the PBC procedure, complete and partial pain relief were achieved in 95.6% and 1.1% patients respectively, with no relief in 1.7 % patients; the common side effects on the affected side of face included the sense loss in 98.9% patients, with 3.8% of them experienced sense loss combined abnormal sense; masseter weakness in 90.6%, herpes eruption in 51.4%, corneal reflex weakness or loss in 12.7% patients. The fewer perioperative complications covered diplopia in 139 patients (1.1%), partial hearing loss in 190 patients (1.5%), vascular complications in 5 patients (0.05%), brainstem hematoma in one patient (0.01%), ischemic stroke in two patients (0.02%), intracranial hemorrhage in 11 patents (0.09%), and intracranial infection in one patient (0.01%) patients. Of three deaths happened in the perioperative period, two died of intracranial hemorrhage, and the other one died of intracranial infection. 5794 (49.2%) patients, who were followed than one year after the procedure, were included in the follow-up study, with the median follow-up period of 7.2 years. Complete and partial pain relief were obtained in 82.9% and 6.8% patients respectively, while the pain recurrence occurred in 8.5% patients. Side effects included sense loss without abnormal sense in 54.3%, with acceptable abnormal sense in 6.0%, and with severe abnormal sense in 2.0% patients. Masseter weakness was reported by 7.5% patients. 96.4% patients were satisfied with the procedure. Conclusion. Our study shows PBC is a safe, simple and effective procedure, with both immediate and long-term success rates, acceptable side effects and fewer deadly complications, should be considered as one of the best choice for the treatment of ITN patients.
SAPK2 contributes to rice yield by modulating nitrogen metabolic processes under drought stress
Authors: Lou Dengji , Yang Xiaoyan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

The sucrose non-fermenting 1-related kinases 2 (SnRK2s) play important roles in osmotic stress responses in A. thaliana and rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Osmotic stress/ABA–activated protein kinase 2 (SAPK2) is a member of SnRK2s subclass II in rice, but its function in rice yield under drought stress is unclear.

Results

Compared with wild-type (Oryza.Sativa L.spp.japonica, WT) plants, the sapk2 rice mutant lines were shorter and produced fewer grains per panicle, smaller grains and lower grain yield. Subsequent analysis suggested that SAPK2 considerably influences the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents of rice grains. The examination of rice seedling growth and development under nutrient-deprived conditions (−N, −K, and −P) proved that SAPK2 can significantly affect rice seedling growth and root development in hydroponic cultures lacking N and K. Moreover, the NO 3 − influx rate and nitrate concentration analysis indicated that SAPK2 promotes nitrate uptake and assimilation by regulating nitrate-related transporters.

Conclusion

These results suggest that SAPK2 could enhance grain production by regulating nitrogen utilization efficiency under drought stress. Our work provided insights to breeding drought tolerant rice with high nutrient uptake.
Evaluation of endothelialization of left atrial appendage occluder by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and its influence factors
Authors: Wang Lihong , Mao Hongyue , Shi Lei , Li Hongyan , Song Guifang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background This study evaluated surface endothelialization of Watchman occluder (Boston Scientific) through comparing relevant indicators before and left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in 68 non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.Methods Patients were monitored preoperatively by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), transesophageal two-dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography (2D-TEE, 3D-TEE), intraoperatively by 3D-TEE and angiocardiography, and followed at 3 and 6 months after operation by TEE.Result It showed that the inner diameters of LAA ostium measured by TEE at 0°, 90° and 135° before operation were correlated with corresponding maximum diameters measured by angiocardiography. The depth of LAA ostium measured at 90° was correlated with the maximum depth measured by angiocardiography. The left atrial diameter, left ventricular diameter and left ventricular free wall E/E' decreased postoperatively. Compared T-test showed that BNP level and persistent AF might be risk factors for spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) or thrombosis of LAA. Multiple linear regression identified persistent AF, preoperative LAA spontaneous echo contrast or recent thrombotic event, and history of embolism in other parts were the influence factors of occluder endothelialization.Conclusion: BNP level and persistent AF may be risk factors of left atrial appendage thrombosis. Treatment of AF and thrombus in left atrial appendage or other parts are beneficial to the prognosis of LAAC patients.
HIV-related Perceived Stigma and Associated Factors among Patients with HIV, Dilla, Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chekole Yigrem Ali 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Understanding HIV-related perceived stigma has importance in improving quality of patients and provides a better tackling of HIV stigma. Objective The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of perceived stigma among Patients with HIV attending clinic at Dilla University Referral Hospital. Method In this Institution based cross-sectional study, a 10-item perceived HIV stigma scale was used to assess HIV-related perceived stigma. Oslo social support scale was used to assess social support related factors. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic analysis were done to identify associated factors to HIV-related perceived stigma Results The prevalence of HIV-related perceived stigma by using perceived HIV stigma scale among Patients with living HIV was 42.7%. Patients who are age groups 25-30 years (AOR=2.8, 95% CI: 5.72-11.5), age groups 31-39 years (AOR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.26,4.65), Females (AOR= 2.4, 95% CI: 1.28- 4.33), divorced marital status (AOR= 8.9, 95% CI: 3.52-10.61), widowed marital status (AOR= 3.0, 95% CI: 2.74-7.60), Primary educational status (AOR=7.5, 95% CI: 3.45-9.74) and Study participants those who use alcohol (AOR=1.0 95% CI: 1.57-2.11) were more likely to have HIV-related perceived stigma. Conclusion This calls a holistic approach for the prevention and intervention of HIV-related perceived stigma. Emphasis should also be given for HIV-related perceived stigma.
Biodegradation of Atrazine And Ligninolytic Enzyme Production By Basidiomycete Strains
Authors: Henn Caroline , Monteiro Diego Alves , Boscolo Mauricio , Silva Roberto da , Gomes Eleni 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Atrazine is one of the most widespread chlorinated herbicides, leaving large bulks in soils and groundwater. Some bacterial strains can degrade atrazine, but little is known if fungal species have the same ability. Thus, we investigated the toxicity and degradation of atrazine by 13 basidiomycete strains. In liquid medium, P. cubensis SXS320, Gloelophyllum striatum MCA7, and Agaricales MCA17 removed 30, 37, and 38%, respectively, of initial 25 mg.L-1 of herbicide within 20 days. Deficiency of nitrogen drove atrazine degradation by Pluteus cubensis SXS320 and also induced synthesis and secretion of extracellular laccases by Datronia caperata MCA5, Pycnoporus sanguineus MCA16, and P. tenuiculus MCA11. Enzyme levels in contaminated medium of P. tenuiculus MCA11 were 13.3 fold superior than in control. However, we found no relationship between laccase production and the ability to metabolize atrazine. Laccase from P. tenuiculus MCA11 was incubated under optimal physico-chemical conditions for catalysis (pH 2.5 and 40º C), with an atrazine solution. Although 88% of initial laccase activity remained after 6h, no evidence of in vitro degradation was observed, even though ABTS was present as mediator.
Association of serum apolipoprotein B with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease pathology in elderly adults with subjective cognitive decline
Authors: Hu Hao , Tan Lan , Bi Yan-Lin , Xu Wei , Tan Lin , Shen Xue-Ning , Hou Xiao-He , Ma Ya-Hui , Dong Qiang , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a key target stage for future AD prevention trials. Serum apolipoprotein, an important lipid-related factor, has been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. This study was to examine whether apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1) or the ratio of ApoB and ApoA1 (ApoB/A1) were associated with early changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarkers in elderly adults with subjective cognitive decline.Methods: This study included 201 cognitive normal (CN) elderly adults and 101 participants with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from the Chinese Alzheimer’s Biomarker and LifestylE (CABLE) database. The Kruskall-Wallis test and Chisquare test were applied in the intergroup comparisons. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional associations of serum ApoB, ApoA1 and ApoB/A1 levels with CSF AD-related biomarkers.Results: Compared with the control group, SCD participants with significant AD biological characteristics had lower ApoB levels. In the total participants, higher level of serum ApoB was associated with increases in CSF Aβ42 (p = 0.0009) and Aβ42/40 (p = 0.0038) as well as decreases in CSF t-tau/Aβ42 (p < 0.0001) and p-tau/Aβ42 (p < 0.0001), independent of APOEɛ4 status. In the further subgroup analysis, these associations were much more significant in the SCD participants. In addition, higher levels of serum ApoB were also found associated with decreases in CSF t-tau (p = 0.0224), p-tau (p = 0.0086) and Aβ40 (p = 0.0297) in the SCD subgroup. Furthermore, we found that these protective associations between serum ApoB and CSF AD core biomarkers were much more significant in the overweight participants. Results showed no association between ApoA1 and all CSF biomarkers in either total participants or subgroups. Conclusions: This study is the first to find protective associations of serum ApoB, but not ApoA1, with CSF AD core biomarkers in elderly adults, and these associations were more significant in SCD individuals. This finding indicated that ApoB may play a protective role in the preclinical stage of AD. Identifying the underlying mechanisms may contribute to the discovery of new pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of the daily precipitation concentration index over China from 1979 to 2015
Authors: Du Huihua , Wang Yimin , Wang Zongzhi , Liu Kelin , Cheng Liang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Irregular precipitation has a nontrivial influence on hydrological processes and regional agriculture. The precipitation concentration index provides convenient quantitative characterizations of precipitation variability. To explore the spatial and temporal distribution of the precipitation concentration index, the long-term concentration index (LCI) and the annual concentration index (ACI) during 1979–2015 were calculated based on the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset. The results are as follows: (1) The LCI in China ranged from 0.4571 to 0.9197, and the values between 0.6 and 0.7 accounted for 61.61% of the dataset. The highest and lowest LCI values were both recorded in Northwest China, which features low precipitation levels. Additionally, there are high LCI values (greater than 0.6) in Southeast China, which features high precipitation levels. (2) Application of the Mann-Kendall test (M-K test) and Sen's slope revealed that more than 88% of the grids exhibited nonsignificant positive or negative ACI trends and that more than 10% of the grid ACI values exhibited positive trends, with approximately 2.8% showing significant changes at the 0.1 significance level. (3) Application of the Pettitt test revealed that approximately 11.9% of the grid ACI values exhibited an abrupt change at the 0.5 significance level, with abrupt changes occurring in 1991, 1992 and 1993, together accounting for 45.89% of all grids with abrupt changes.
Stakeholders' contradicting perceptions on the effects of agroforestry and monocropping systems on water use
Authors: Rijneveld Rhode , Marhaento Hero 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The involvement of stakeholders in forest management decisions is crucial to the success of these programmes. Consequently, understanding stakeholders' perceptions is relevant for adequate management and development. In this study, the perceptions of key stakeholders are identified and compared concerning the effects of agroforestry and monocropping systems on water use in the farmlands of the Getas-Ngandong forests (10,901 Ha), a teaching forest belonging to Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia. Q methodology was used to identify the variety of stakeholder viewpoints on the effects of farming practice on water use. 17 statements were ranked by 33 respondents along a five-grade approval scale. The methodology revealed a consensus on some hydrological benefits of agroforestry. Beyond this, three distinct perceptions were identified regarding water related to farming practices. The first is that monocropping systems use more water than agroforestry, while the second states the opposite and the third does not assign the extent of water use to specific systems. Stakeholder groups hold contradicting beliefs within and between themselves. It is important, therefore, to identify which perceptions are true and which are based on myths.
Analyzing transient respirometric data by analytical algorithm for Monod kinetic parameters
Authors: Wu Yeong-Shing , Chiang Chow-Feng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aims to develop an analytical algorithm with oxygen update (Ou) data obtained from transient respirometric measurement. Based on Monod kinetics, this study formulates a novel two-phase analytical model for an oxygen uptake rate plot (OUR vs. Ou) obtained by respirometric techniques. The first phase is a hyperbolic equation relating to exogenous and endogenous respiration, while the second phase is a linear equation for endogenous respiration only. An algorithm was therefore developed to analyze four Monod parameters by locating the best phase-separating point at which the absolute average relative error (ARE) of OUR is minimized. An analysis using test data on acetate verified that the algorithm is capable of transient kinetic parameter estimation with an ARE below 5–10%. A sensitivity analysis on domestic wastewater coupled with a Monte Carlo simulation concluded that the kinetic test must be conducted at a relatively high initial substrate level (So/Xo ≧ 1 and So/Ks ≧ 10) for reliable parameter estimation. Moreover, it is crucial to conduct the kinetic test with sufficient and acclimated seed culture for the degradation of substrate. The results of this study can be used to develop an automatic transient kinetic analyzer with modern programmable respirometers.
Stability Assessment of Diaphram Cellular Cofferdams Subjected to Severe Hydro-structural Conditions
Authors: Alfatlawi Thair J. M. , Mansori Nassrin J. AL , Alsultani Riyadh A.A. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Cellular cofferdams are a temporary construction consisting of interlocking steel sheet pilings driven into the ground as a series of interconnecting cells.

Objectives:
This study aims to investigate the stability of cofferdams with a circular diaphragm due to lateral load in dry and wet soil cases.

Discussion:
A series of laboratory tests were performed on different width to height ratios (0.8, 0.9, and 1.0), berm ratios (0.2H, 0.3H, and 0.4H), and embedment depth ratios (0.2H, 0.3H, and 0.4H) with four types of soil fill (clay soil, river sand, sand passing sieve No.4, and sub base).
The coupled circular cofferdam-soil system was modelled using nonlinear finite element analysis (COMSOL Multiphysics Software) to validate the experimental results.

Conclusion:
After applying hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and structural failure loads, the resistance of the cellular retaining structures with wet soil fill in saturated soils was greater than with dry soil fill in dry soils. The most advantageous construction format was found by deciphering the relationship between the aforementioned loads and berm ratios, embedment depth, and horizontal displacement.
Effect of Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling on Macular Structure and Metamorphopsia Scores in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane Surgery
Authors: Aydin Tekin , Kerci Suleyman Gokhan , Karti Omer , Zengin Mehmet Ozgur , Kusbeci Tuncay 
Published: March 2020

Backgrounds and Objective:Pars Plana Vitrectomy (PPV) and epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling is the standard surgical procedure of ERM surgery. However, the effect of adding Internal Limiting Membrane (ILM) peeling to the standard surgery on macular function and structure remains still controversial. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of ILM peeling on the macular function and structure in idiopathic ERM surgery.Method:Thirty-six eyes of 34 patients were evaluated in this prospective study. The patients were divided into two groups (ILM peeling and non-ILM peeling group). While the removal of ERM was undergone alone in 19 eyes, it was combined with ILM peeling in 17 eyes. Metamorphopsia scores Vertical Metamorphopsia (VM) and Horizontal Metamorphopsia (HM), were measured at preoperative and 4 months postoperatively.Results:There was a statistically significant decrease in metamorphopsia (VM and HM) scores in both groups after the surgery. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of reduction in VM scores and HM scores after surgery.Conclusion:Our study indicated that ILM peeling combined with ERM did not affect metamorphopsia scores.