bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and empirical study of diesel and biodiesel produced from blend of fresh vegetable and waste vegetable oil on density, viscosity, sulphur content and acid value
Authors: Samuel Olusegun D. , Oreko Benjamin U. , Oyejide Joel O. , Idi Stanley , Fayomi Ojo S. I. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Not quite long, researchers are motivated to explore the mixture of edible and inedible oils to improve fuel properties and reduce the cost of biodiesel production. Even though the tropics are renowned for abundant waste vegetable oil (WVO) generated from restaurant and food processing and frying shops, the fresh vegetable oil (FVO) seems to cause competition between food and fuel utilization if explored for biodiesel production. The current study attempted to derive one-dimensional models to determine key fuel characteristic of hybrid biodiesel-diesel fuel blends.Hybrid vegetable oil methyl ester (HVOME), which has been produced through alkaline transesterification was analyzed for important fuel properties and blended with diesel fuel (DF)) at 10, 20 and 40 on a volume basis. Standard methods as specified by (ASTM D6751) standards and the European standards (EN 14214) used. The effects of temperature and biodiesel content were investigated on viscosity were. Statistical regression technique was employed to derive one-dimensional models. The models were further adopted to correlate basic fuel properties with biodiesel blends. The kinematic viscosity, flash point and acid value increased while sulphur content decreased with increasing biodiesel fraction in HVOME-diesel blends. The kinematic viscosity of fuel blends decreased with the increasing temperature. The empirical models show high regression value (R2) between properties and HOVME-DF blend. In conclusion, the results of this study can be adopted for thermophysical property collection for hybrid feedstocks’ utilization and guide for regression modelling in biodiesel fuel industry.
Performance Evaluation of a Plate Encapsulated Salt Hydrate PCM Mixed with a Gel
Authors: Sibande N.E , Madyira D. M. , Babarinde T. O. , Kumirai T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An alternative method of cooling is required to meet cooling demands and simultaneously decrease conventional energy consumption. The current research aimed to investigate the feasibility of using a phase change material (PCM) in the form of a salt hydrate mixed with a CSIR-developed gel for PCM based cold storage that used nighttime cold to cool ambient air during the day. The experiments were conducted over a time period of three hours between 12:00 pm and 15:00 pm in the afternoon. The total temperature drops were found to be 3.8, 2.9 and 2.6 degrees for air flow rates of 0.03, 0.05 and 0.06kg/s respectively. The total energy transferred for each of the mass flow rates averaged 140.9, 144.4 and 158.9J for air flow rates of 0.03, 0.05 and 0.06kg/s respectively.
A short review on solar concentrator for energy generation in tropical coastal belt
Authors: Emetere M.E , Emetere J.M , Ometan O.O 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The use of solar photovoltaic (PV) panel in highly convective tropical regions along the coastal belt has been reported to have low efficiency. Hence, the lifespan of the PV panel is endangered by different solar spectral absorbed by the solar cells. In this research, the solar collector was reviewed with the aim of recommending designs for solar farm operator or standalone user. It is recommended that solar collector could improve the use of solar energy to about 34% in highly convective tropical regions along the coastal belt.
A Proposed Unified Digital Id Framework for Access to Electronic Government Services
Authors: Geteloma V. , Ayo C. K. , Goddy-Wurlu R. N. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The concept of identification has always been of great significance in terms of connecting an individual to his/her community. Verifying the identity of a person (card or number) is vital for granting the right and secure access to numerous services embedded within an Electronic Government (e-Government). e-Government applications typically require the need for citizens to provide a form of digital identity (card or number) for access to numerous services, as against the multiplicity of existing ones that are used for different platforms in Nigeria today. Nigeria and other developing nations have not taken the optimum advantage of utilizing an all in one digital identity card for providing citizens with an array of e-Government services, as well as proper authentication methods for security, as recorded in highly innovative nations in the world today. This paper addresses two major challenges of identity management in Nigeria, which are poor authentication methods for access to services and inadequate management of multiple identification systems. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a web-based digital identity system framework for accessing multiple e-Government services, which includes Electronic Voting, driver’s licence, Electronic Passport, Electronic Health and Electronic Payment. Also included in the framework is the authentication services, which utilizes Near Field Communication (NFC) smart cards, biometric data, and One Time Password (OTP) as a consistent and reliable means of identifying and authenticating the user’s access to the embedded e-Government services.
The Impact of Zn and Cu Reinforcements on Microstructural Enhancement and Performance of Laser Cladded Ti-Zn-Cu/Ti-6Al-4V Composite Coatings.
Authors: Fatoba O.S. , Akinlabi S. A. , Akinlabi E. T. , Mwema F. M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe effects of zinc and copper reinforcements on Titanium alloy via Direct Laser Metal Deposition (DLMD) process was investigated. Process parameters had great influence on the microstructure, metallurgical evolution, tensile and yield strengths performance. The process parameters had a significant influence on these factors considered, including the morphology of the surface, density, hardness, evolution of the microstructure, accuracy of the fabricated coatings dimensions and the mechanical performance of the Titanium alloy components processed by DLMD. The results of the investigation showed that the hardness had increased in proportion to the increase of the processing laser power coupled with the increase velocity of the laser scan. Moreover, for a laser power equivalent to and exceeding 1000 W, the hardness became less susceptible to the laser power. Morphological observations along the side of the surface showed the prominence of the adhesive powder, flow path of the melt pool and the areas which overlapped, attributed to the increase of the laser scanning speed. When the laser scanning speed was increased it attributed to the grain width reduction of the prior beta and a transformation in shape of the martensitic primary alpha into fine needle-like structures. In terms of the yield and tensile performance, the results revealed that increasing the scan velocity was favourable to the property, showing that the mechanical performance became better at higher scanning speeds. At the set laser intensity of 1000 W and a 1.0 m/min laser scanning speed, the fabricated coatings enhanced with 48.03 % hardness, 47.42 % tensile strength and 29.81% yield strength.
Eco-friendly Inhibitors for Corrosion Protection of Stainless steel: An Overview
Authors: Sanni Omotayo , Sunday Isaac Fayomi Ojo , Patricia Idowu Popoola Abimbola 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCorrosion is a major concern in the industrial application of ferrous alloys, this is as a result of the enormous cost involved in damages, maintenance and corrosion control. Stainless steels have high corrosion resistance capacity because of the existence of chromium, which forms a passive film layer of chromium-rich oxide in the presence of oxygen at lower temperatures; this forms a barrier against the surrounding. However, this layer could be damaged in aggressive environments. This necessitates attention from researchers worldwide for novel, cost effective, and environmental friendly corrosion prevention techniques. Inhibitors are extensively applied in the industry to minimize the corrosion degradation of metallic alloys; however, most inhibitors are hazardous and expensive. These toxic effects have led to the use of natural products as anticorrosion agents which are eco-friendly and harmless. This review briefly discusses some of the eco-friendly substances which are used as corrosion inhibitors for stainless steel in aggressive media.
Evaluation of Corrosive Behavior of Zinc Composite Coating on Mild Steel for Marine Applications
Authors: Abioye O. P , Musa A. J , Loto C. A , Fayomi O. S. I , Gaiya G. P 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMild Steel has various forms in which it can be used. It possesses mechanical properties and hence it has found various implementations in many sectors / industries. However, the downside of using mild steel is that it has a high susceptibility to corrosion. There are numerous techniques for protection of mild steel but Zinc electrodeposition techniques is the most preferred method for producing a suitable film coating for the appropriate protection of mild steel. The effect of deposition potential, current, bath composition (including temperature), deposition time and concentration on the structure and crystallinity of the films deposited was systematically studied from various literatures. Introducing zinc into the coating process significantly alters and improves the mechanical and chemical characteristics of mild steel.
Application of MIG and TIG Welding in Automobile Industry
Authors: Ogbonna O.S. , Akinlabi S.A. , Madushele N. , Mashinini P.M. , Abioye A. A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Emission and weight reduction have been identified over the years by the automobile industries as the most efficient ways to maintain fuel economy and to meet the demand of the government agencies on global warming. These challenges of reducing emission and weight are even being compounded with consumers taste for luxury features which adds to the weight of the traditional vehicle designs. To meet these demands, alloys such are Aluminium Alloys, Magnesium Alloys and Titanium Alloys have been identified as the suitable materials to replace conventional steel structures due to their superior properties such as high strength-to-weight ratio, high tensile strength and high-temperature performance. With the identification of suitable materials to replace the traditional materials, the welding of alloy materials remains a challenge faced by vehicle manufacturers. Although electron beam welding, ultrasonic welding and friction stir welding have proven to give quality weld joints of alloys used in automobile fabrication, their application is limited by the high cost of equipment, need for vacuum environment in electron beam welding, size and shape of base metals. Laser welding with its reduced heat affected zone (HAZ), good seam appearance and deep penetration has widely been applied in an automobile. However, it is not with its own shortcomings such as poor gap bridging capability, difficulty in welding reflective materials and high cost. Arc welding with its low cost compared to other welding techniques and high energy efficiency, therefore, remains a useful welding process in an automobile. In this paper, a review of the various investigations by researchers on MIG and TIG welding of alloys used in the automobile have been documented.
Effect of Milling Time on the Morphological Evolution of Titanium Alloy Powder
Authors: Ogbonna O.S. , Akinlabi S.A. , Madushele N. , Mashinini P.M. , Afolalu A.S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This work examines the influence of disc milling duration on the morphological transformation and crystal reorientation of titanium alloy powder with a particle size below 90 µm. The disc milling time was varied from 2 mins to 10 mins, the morphological features of the powders were characterized through the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). From the results, milling time had a significant effect on the morphology and the orientation of phases in the titanium alloy powder. The SEM images revealed a plate-like shape compared with the un-milled powder with a spheriodal shape. It was also observed that the flattening of the particles increased with milling time. This suggests that the powder is ductile. The oxygen content of the particles increased from 3.4 wt. % before milling to above 10 wt. %. XRD results showed that the milling time did not bring about a new phase and in the position of maximum diffraction intensity, which occurred at 2θ equal to approximately 40.6°. However, there was a decrease in the crystallite size while the lattice strain became higher as milling time increased.
Sodium Chloride Inhibits Acrylamide Formation During Deep Fat Frying Of Plantain
Authors: Omini J.J , Omotosho O.E , Akinyomi O.D 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProcessing is often essential in order for food to become comestible and delectable e.g. addition of salt to food during frying to improve its taste. Acrylamide is formed during processes which occur at high temperature. This study ascertains that sodium chloride (NaCl) prevents the formation of acrylamide. It also compares the effects of different concentrations of table salt on formation of acrylamide during deep frying process of plantain. Test samples were treated by immersion in 1%, 5% and 10% sodium chloride for 60 minutes at room temperature before frying. Fried and raw plantain samples were evaluated for their asparagine and acrylamide content. The results showed frying causes acrylamide synthesis in plantain. The acrylamide concentration decreased with reducing pH values and increasing sodium chloride concentration. At 5% and 1% concentration of NaCl, there was no significant difference in the amount of acrylamide formed. The result of this study also revealed that the concentration of acrylamide in plantain significantly decreased (p<0.05) by 98.9% in ripe plantain and 35.4 % in unripe with the addition of 10% sodium chloride. Hence, sodium chloride at a high concentration reduces the formation of acrylamide.
Synthesis and Characterization of Selected Starch Nanoparticles as Matrix Reinforcements for Low Density Polyethylene
Authors: Abioye A. A , Rotimi D. O , Fasanmi O. O , Abioye O. P , Afolalu S. A , Owoeye T. F , Ajayi O. O , Obuekwe C. C 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The non-degradability of conventional petroleum-based plastics and their subsequent hazardous accumulation in the environment has resulted in the vital need to produce biodegradable polymer replacements.
The aim of this research was to convert locally sourced feedstock starches into nanoparticles for the purpose of modifying the matrix of Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), so as to enhance its biodegradability. The starches utilized are as follows; Zea mays (corn), Ipomoea batatas (potato), and Manihot esculenta (cassava).
Conversion to nanoparticles was achieved by a process called acid hydrolysis. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by microstructural tests such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterization results indicated that the acid hydrolysis process succeeded in the conversion of the starches to nanoparticles without affecting the chemical constituents and functional groups of the starches used.
Arduino Based Traffic Light System With Integrated LED Advertising Display
Authors: Olomo Rachael , Osemwegie Omoruyi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Rapid advancement in scientific knowledge and growth in worldwide economic activities has led to a steep rise in the volume of vehicular activity for human and product mobility hence leading to more road constructions. Vehicular Movement controls in addition to controllers are, therefore, a critical necessity of the modern – day society. Toward this end, this paper is aimed toward the design of microcontroller-based traffic control device taking as a case study the complex layout and linkage among the service roads of the Senate building and College of Science and Technology, Covenant University, Nigeria. The Arduino platform is the microcontroller preference for this idea. Also, to make this idea more effective and productive, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) advertising displays has been incorporated into its implementation to take advantage of the red light wait time to disseminate useful information or facts.
Experimental Performance of a Domestic Refrigerator with TiO2-Nanoparticles Operating Within Selected Ambient Temperature
Authors: Akinlesi L. J. , Adelekan D. S. , Ohunakin O. S. , Atiba O. E. , Gill J. , Atayero A. A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study presents a 40g R600a charge enhanced with various TiO2 nano-lubricant concentrations (0 g/L and 0.2 g/L nano-lubricants) infused into an R12 domestic refrigerator tested within selected ambient temperature conditions (19, 22 and 25 °C). The performance test parameters including: energy consumption, discharge pressure, power per tonne of refrigeration (PPTR) and coefficient of performance (COP) were evaluated for the system. The results showed that infusing the nano-lubricant into the system improved the energetic performance of the system. Overall, the use of 40g at 25°C gave the best performance within the system. In conclusion, application of nanoparticles in refrigeration systems was found to improve the performances of the system even with the effect of ambient temperature. R600a-TiO2 nano-lubricant mixture works safely and efficiently in the domestic refrigerators but requires adequate optimization.
A Review on the Efficacy of Electroplating in Deteriorating Environments
Authors: Fayomi O S I , Akanade I G , Sode A A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractElectroplating is an electrochemical process that involves a chemical response of the constituents in an aqueous mixture, due to galvanic excitation that causes the formation of thin film layers i.e. the coating, on the substrate of the material. Very few surface finishing techniques exist that serve the purposes of various functional applications and aesthetic appeal. Electroplating stands out as one of those surface finishing techniques that impact peculiar properties. This paper presents an overview of the multifunction application and efficacy of electroplating in different corrosive environments.
Incorporation of Silica Fume and Metakaolin on Self Compacting Concrete
Authors: Ofuyatan O.M. , Olowofoyeku A.M. , Edeki S.O , Oluwafemi J. , Ajao A. , David O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study carried out an experimental design investigating the reaction of mineral admixtures on fresh and hardened properties of sustainable self compacting concrete (SCC). Silica fume (SF) and metakaolin (MK) were partially replaced by Portland cement at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% in varying proportions. The workability on the fresh concrete was examined and the strength performance. The water cement ratio of 0.38 was kept constant for all the samples tested. The compressive strength was measured at 7, 14, 21 and 28 curing days. The test results indicated that with the influence of 2% superplasticizer, the fresh concrete showed a satisfactory workability, decreased the segregation to resistance, ease of flowing ability with the addition of silica fume and metakaolin. It was concluded in this study that, the replacement with silica fume was found to have an early strength gain in the compressive strength of SCC samples and a decrease at varying dosages. However, 15% metakaolin was considered to be a suitable replacement with 49.08 MPa at 28days compared with the control mix..
Performance Comparison of ANN Training Algorithms for Hysteresis Determination in LTE networks
Authors: Ekong E E , Adewale A A , Ben-Obaje A , Alalade A M , Ndujiuba C N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network is an improved standard for mobile telecommunication system developed by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) requires an efficient handover framework which would reduce hysteresis and improve quality of service (QoS) of subscribers by maximizing scarce radio resources. This paper compares the performance of two ANN prediction algorithms (LevenbergMarquadt and Bayesian regularization) based on received signal strength (RSS) and the hysteresis margin parameters for neuro-adaptive hysteresis margin reduction algorithm. The Bayesian regularization algorithm had a lower mean error when compared with the Levenberg-Marquadt (LM) prediction algorithm and as such a better option for neuro-adaptive hysteresis margin reduction algorithm.
Design and Fabrication of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with introduction of Plastic Gear
Authors: Adebayo J. K. , Layeni A. T. , Nwaokocha C. N. , Oyedepo S. O. , Folarin S. O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This project is a design of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine using Kinetic theory, Aerodynamics model, Hooke’s law and Young Modulus. Aerodynamic model method was use to design the blade and the blades are three for effective harness of the wind speed. Bearing was introduced for easy rotation and reduction of noise. The use of plastic gears was introduced so that one revolution of the shaft carrying the blades leads to forty six (46) revolution of the alternator. The alternator then generate electric power. The power generated was 65 W under wind speed of 0.8m/s..
Thermo-physical, Electrical and Mechanical Characterizations of Normal and Special Concretes: A Holistic-Empirical Investigation for Pre-qualification and Quality-Control of Concrete
Authors: Ibhadode Osagie , Adekunle A. A. , Banjo Solomon O. , Atakpu O. D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nine(9) Concrete specimens (Concrete test-materials) [comprising of 3 ‘Portland Cement Normal Concrete specimens’, 3 ‘Portland Slag Special Concrete specimens’ and 3 ‘Silica-fume Slag Special Concrete specimens’] were designed-for in accordance with ACI 211.1-91, cast in accordance with ASTM C 127 and cured for three(3) Curing-ages of 28 days, 56 days and 90 days. Each was subjected to eleven (11) Quality (Strength, Durability & Workability)-evaluation experimental-tests in accordance with the relevant ASTM, BSI and other scientifically-established standard procedures, so as to empirically determine their Thermo-physical, Electrical & Mechanical characterizations (behavioural-changes) and the various determining (influencing) factors (variables). Summarily, it was experimentally discovered that, Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) content and Maturity (Curing-age) significantly influenced (affected) five (5) conducted Thermo-physical characterization-tests of ‘Specific Heat Capacity (C
θ)’, ‘Thermal diffusivity (δ
Thermal
)’, ‘Thermal Conductivity (K

Thermal
)’, ‘Dry bulk density (ρ
bulk dry
)’ and ‘Water sorptivity (S)’ of Concrete. Also, it was observed that the five (5) conducted Electrical characterization-tests i.e. ‘RCPT Total Electric Charge passed (∑Q

P
)’, ‘Chloride-ion Penetrability’, ‘Initial 5 minutes RCPT Electricity Resistivity (ρ
E(RCPT)’, ‘Chloride-ion Penetration-depth (Cl
–

pd
)’ and ‘Non-steady state migration coefficient (D

nssMC
)’ of Concrete largely depended on the Water/Cement (w/c) ratio, Maturity (Curing-age) and SCM content. Furthermore, it was noticed that Mechanical characterization-test i.e. “Average Compressive-strength’ and ‘Slump’ of Concrete is primarily a function of w/c ratio, SCM content, Maturity (Curing-age) and several other factors. Consequently, it has been experimentally revealed that amongst other things, the four (4) critical determinants of Concrete quality are the Concrete’s Water/Cement (w/c) ratio, Maturity (Curing-age), Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) content and Bulk density.