bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Aggression and the Balance between Status and Affection Goals in Adolescence
Authors: Sijtsema Jelle J. , Lindenberg Siegwart M. , Ojanen Tiina J. , Salmivalli Christina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that status goals motivate direct forms of interpersonal aggression. However, status goals have been studied mostly in isolation from affection goals. It is theorized that the means by which status and affection goals are satisfied change during adolescence, which can affect aggression. This is tested in a pooled sample of (pre)adolescents (N = 1536; 49% girls; ages 10–15), by examining associations between status goals and direct aggression and the moderating role of affection goals. As hypothesized, with increasing age, status goals were more strongly associated with direct aggression. Moreover, for older adolescents, status goals were only associated with aggression when affection goals were weak. These findings support the changing relationship between status goals and direct aggression during adolescence.
Do articles in open access journals have more frequent altmetric activity than articles in subscription-based journals? An investigation of the research output of Finnish universities
Authors: Holmberg Kim , Hedman Juha , Bowman Timothy D. , Didegah Fereshteh , Laakso Mikael 
Published: November 2019

AbstractScientific articles available in Open Access (OA) have been found to attract more citations and online attention to the extent that it has become common to speak about OA Altmetrics Advantage. This research investigates how the OA Altmetrics Advantage holds for a specific case of research articles, namely the research outputs from universities in Finland. Furthermore, this research examines disciplinary and platform specific differences in that (dis)advantage. The new methodological approaches developed in this research focus on relative visibility, i.e. how often articles in OA journals receive at least one mention on the investigated online platforms, and relative receptivity, i.e. how frequently articles in OA journals gain mentions in comparison to articles in subscription-based journals. The results show significant disciplinary and platform specific differences in the OA advantage, with articles in OA journals within for instance veterinary sciences, social and economic geography and psychology receiving more citations and attention on social media platforms, while the opposite was found for articles in OA journals within medicine and health sciences. The results strongly support field- and platform-specific considerations when assessing the influence of journal OA status on altmetrics. The new methodological approaches used in this research will serve future comparative research into OA advantage of scientific articles over time and between countries.
Risk Factors for Dysphagia and the Impact on Outcome After Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Keser Tobias , Kofler Mario , Katzmayr Mariella , Schiefecker Alois J. , Rass Verena , Ianosi Bogdan A. , Lindner Anna , Gaasch Maxime , Beer Ronny , Rhomberg Paul , Schmutzhard Erich , Pfausler Bettina , Helbok Raimund 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Despite the tremendous impact of swallowing disorders on outcome following ischemic stroke, little is known about the incidence of dysphagia after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and its contribution to hospital complications, length of intensive care unit stay, and functional outcome.

Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of an ongoing prospective cohort study. Swallowing ability was assessed in consecutive non-traumatic SAH patients admitted to our neurological intensive care unit using the Bogenhausen Dysphagia Score (BODS). A BODS > 2 points indicated dysphagia. Functional outcome was assessed 3 months after the SAH using the modified Rankin Scale with a score > 2 defined as poor functional outcome.

Results
Two-hundred and fifty consecutive SAH patients comprising all clinical severity grades with a median age of 57 years (interquartile range 47–67) were eligible for analysis. Dysphagia was diagnosed in 86 patients (34.4%). Factors independently associated with the development of dysphagia were poor clinical grade on admission (Hunt & Hess grades 4–5), SAH-associated parenchymal hematoma, hydrocephalus, detection of an aneurysm, and prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 48 h). Dysphagia was independently associated with a higher rate of pneumonia (OR = 4.32, 95% CI = 2.35–7.93), blood stream infection (OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.0–9.4), longer ICU stay [14 (8–21) days versus 29.5 (23–45) days, p < 0.001], and poor functional outcome after 3 months (OR = 3.10, 95% CI = 1.49–6.39).

Conclusions
Dysphagia is a frequent complication of non-traumatic SAH and associated with poor functional outcome, infectious complications, and prolonged stay in the intensive care unit. Early identification of high-risk patients is needed to timely stratify individual patients for dysphagia treatment.
No Justice, No Health: the Black Panther Party’s Fight for Health in Boston and Beyond
Authors: Bassett Mary T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Black Panther Party (BPP) evolved from an organization focused on armed self-defense against police brutality to one that framed police violence as part of broader social violence. Protection meant advocating for a wide range of social and economic rights, including the right to health. In this view, the BPP aligned with a broader tradition of community health from the civil rights movement, women’s movement, and other progressive movements. Fred Hampton articulated a radical view that saw the inadequate government social services as a form of oppression. Central to better health was the promotion of social justice and human dignity, incorporated into the BPP “survival programs.” In a few short years, the BPP established more than a dozen clinics across the country and a national sickle cell screening program. Its legacy remains relevant today.
Effect of two digestive enzymes and pH on the dsRNA of endornaviruses of bell pepper and melon under in vitro conditions
Authors: McCanless Adair , Hultgren Allison , Escalante Cesar , Ardt Alyssa , Valverde Rodrigo A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this investigation was to determine the in vitro effect of two common digestive enzymes, amylase and pepsin, and pH on the integrity of the RI dsRNA of bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV) and Cucumis melo endornavirus (CmEV) evaluated by gel electrophoresis and reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR).

Methods
We conducted experiments on the in vitro effect of two common digestive enzymes, amylase and pepsin, and pH on the structural integrity of the replicative intermediate (RI) dsRNA of bell pepper endornavirus (BPEV) and Cucumis melo endornavirus (CmEV), evaluated by gel electrophoresis and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Result
The effect of the amylase, pepsin, and pH treatments on the dsRNA of both viruses was similar. Amylase did not appear to affect the structural integrity of the dsRNA. In contrast, gel electrophoresis analysis of pepsin-treated dsRNA samples showed an abnormal electrophoretic migration and evidence of partial dsRNA degradation. DsRNAs from both fruits were partially degraded when exposed to a pH value of 2.0 and completely degraded at a pH value of 1.0.

Conclusion
The results of this investigation suggest that when exposed to pepsin and pH values lower than 2.0, the RI of BPEV and CmEV lose their structural integrity. Therefore, when consuming endornavirus-infected bell pepper or melon, our digestive organs are exposed to both fragmented and full RI dsRNA of these two viruses.
Current Status of Noninvasive Prenatal Testing and Counselling Considerations: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Massa James D. , Arora Veronica , Lallar Meenakshi , Bijarnia Sunita , Puri Ratna Dua , Verma Ishwar C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUptake of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is rapidly expanding around the world. Here, we provide an overview of the current global state of NIPT, describe the expansion of the test menu, highlight alternative prenatal test service delivery, and discuss NIPT counseling considerations. We also provide a perspective on utilisation of NIPT in India, which has unique challenges for implementing NIPT given its large population, vast territory, and diverse ethnic groups. The barriers to implementation of NIPT in India are also discussed. Current recommendations regarding use of NIPT made by professional societies vary in different regions and such recommendations for NIPT in India will be helpful to provide general guidance to the health care providers, but will likely require modifications for implementation in India.
Comparison of Phospholipid-Based Particles for Sustained Release of Ciprofloxacin Following Pulmonary Administration to Bronchiectasis Patients
Authors: Weers Jeffry 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rapid clearance of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from the lungs following administration as an aerosol leads to poor efficacy in the treatment of pulmonary infections. The development of formulations capable of sustaining ciprofloxacin concentrations in the lungs has the potential to significantly improve antibacterial activity. The present review compares two approaches for sustaining levels of ciprofloxacin in the lungs, a liposomal formulation where ciprofloxacin is encapsulated in small unilamellar vesicles, and a dry powder formulation of the practically insoluble zwitterionic form of the drug. These two formulations recently completed large multicenter, phase 3 clinical studies in bronchiectasis patients. As such, they present a unique opportunity to examine the chemistry, manufacturing, and control of the dosage forms in addition to their tolerability and efficacy in more than 1000 bronchiectasis patients. Both formulations were generally well tolerated with most adverse events found to be mild to moderate in intensity. While the formulations were effective in reducing and/or eradicating infections, this did not lead to reductions in pulmonary exacerbations, the primary endpoint. The failures speak more to the heterogeneous nature of the disease and the difficulty in identifying bronchiectasis patients likely to exacerbate, rather than an inherent limitation of the formulations. While the formulations are similar in many respects, they also present some interesting differences. This review explores the implications of these differences on the treatment of respiratory infections.
Studying micro dynamics in civil wars: introduction
Authors: Haer Roos , Vüllers Johannes , Weidmann Nils B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article introduces the special issue on the micro-level dynamics of civil wars. Until recently, most empirical work on these conflicts and their consequences has focused on the level of the sovereign state. In contrast, a micro-level approach is categorized by three distinct—albeit intertwined—features: a disaggregation by actors, time and space, interdisciplinarity, and the reliance on a set of different methods for the collection of data. The contributors to this special issue illustrate different approaches to the study of micro-level dynamics. The first part of the Special Issue provides new insights into the international level of civil war affects local conflict dynamics. The second part of the Special Issue is focused on the dynamics occurring at the group and the individual level. The diverse range of contributions to this Special Issue not only illustrate the scientific potential of the individual approaches to micro dynamics of armed conflict, but also the more general contributions that this kind of approach can offer to peace and conflict studies.
The Identification and Stereochemistry Analysis of a Novel Mutation P.(D367Tfs*61) in the Cyp1B1 Gene
Authors: Salehi Chaleshtori Ahmad Reza , Garshasbi Masoud , Salehi Ali , Noruzinia Mehrdad 
Published: November 2019

Purpose:
To investigate the presence of a probable genetic defect(s) that may cause primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) in a seven-year-old female patient.

Methods:
A seven-year-old female patient and her family received genetic counseling and underwent full clinical examinations by an expert ophthalmologist. The patient's genomic DNA was subjected to the targeted gene capture and next-generation sequencing (NGS) along with Sanger sequencing method. The 3D structure prediction and stereochemistry analysis were performed for both mutant and wild-type forms of the CYP1B1 protein.

Results:
The clinical examinations indicated that the diagnosis of PCG was correctly made. We identified a novel homozygous deletion in which a “C” nucleotide was deleted from the final exon of the Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Subfamily B Member 1 (CYP1B1) gene. The 3D molecular modeling of the CYP1B1 protein predicted significant structural changes could occur in this protein as a result of the mutation mentioned earlier. The stereochemistry analysis revealed mutant features of the protein, as well as significant misfolding and possible malfunctions in the mutant form of the CYP1B1 protein.

Conclusions:
This mutation might cause a frameshift in the translation process, leading to the malfunction of the CYP1B1 protein and development of glaucoma. This newly-identified mutation could be regarded as potential deletion mutation in genetic counseling and molecular examination for the detection of PCG disease in Iran.
Hormonal Treatment Effect on Sexual Distress in Transgender Persons: 2-Year Follow-Up Data
Authors: Ristori Jiska , Cocchetti Carlotta , Castellini Giovanni , Pierdominici Marina , Cipriani Agnese , Testi Diletta , Gavazzi Gioele , Mazzoli Francesca , Mosconi Maddalena , Meriggiola Maria Cristina , Cassioli Emanuele , Vignozzi Linda , Ricca Valdo , Maggi Mario , Fisher Alessandra D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionAs far as we know, no studies to date have investigated the psychobiological correlates of sexual distress (SD) nor the impact of hormonal treatment (HT) on SD in transgender persons.AimTo evaluate the psychobiological correlates of SD and assess the effects of HT on SD in transgender persons without gender-affirming surgery.MethodsA consecutive series of 301 transgender persons (160 transwomen and 141 transmen) was considered for the cross-sectional study, and a subset of 72 subjects was studied in a 2-year follow-up. A physical examination was performed. Blood samples were drawn for determination of cortisol levels. Subjects completed psychometric measures. During 2 years of HT, the evaluation of SD was prospectively repeated.Main Outcome MeasurePsychobiological correlates of SD in transgender population. Changes in SD during gender affirming hormonal treatment.Clinical ImplicationsKnowing how hormonal treatment influence SD will help care providers when counseling transgender people.Strengths & LimitationsTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study prospectively evaluating the impact of gender affirming hormonal treatment on sexual distress in transgender individuals. The main limitations are represented by the small size of the sample and the use of questionnaires validated only in the cisgender population.ResultsSD showed a positive correlation with body uneasiness (P &lt; .0001) and with dissatisfaction toward gender-related body parts or shapes (all P &lt; .05). In addition, SD correlated positively with general psychopathology (P &lt; .0001), alexithymia, social anxiety, and humiliation scales (all P &lt; .05). In transmen, SD was positively associated with autism levels (P &lt; .005), as well as with cortisol levels (P &lt; .02). A significant correlation between SD and perceived discrimination was observed in transwomen (P &lt; .05). In transwomen, SD was positively associated with hair density and negatively with breast growth (both P &lt; .05). Finally, in transmen, a negative correlation was found between SD and hair density (P &lt; .05). When the impact of HT on SD was evaluated, a significant reduction of SD was observed across time in both transwomen and transmen (P = .001 and P = .01, respectively).ConclusionsThe present results support the efficacy of HT in reducing SD in transgender persons.
Efficient simulation of Lévy-driven point processes
Authors: Qu Yan , Dassios Angelos , Zhao Hongbiao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a new large family of Lévy-driven point processes with (and without) contagion, by generalising the classical self-exciting Hawkes process and doubly stochastic Poisson processes with non-Gaussian Lévy-driven Ornstein–Uhlenbeck-type intensities. The resulting framework may possess many desirable features such as skewness, leptokurtosis, mean-reverting dynamics, and more importantly, the ‘contagion’ or feedback effects, which could be very useful for modelling event arrivals in finance, economics, insurance, and many other fields. We characterise the distributional properties of this new class of point processes and develop an efficient sampling method for generating sample paths exactly. Our simulation scheme is mainly based on the distributional decomposition of the point process and its intensity process. Extensive numerical implementations and tests are reported to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of our scheme. Moreover, we use portfolio risk management as an example to show the applicability and flexibility of our algorithms.
Exact sampling for some multi-dimensional queueing models with renewal input
Authors: Blanchet Jose , Pei Yanan , Sigman Karl 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUsing a result of Blanchet and Wallwater (2015) for exactly simulating the maximum of a negative drift random walk queue endowed with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) increments, we extend it to a multi-dimensional setting and then we give a new algorithm for simulating exactly the stationary distribution of a first-in–first-out (FIFO) multi-server queue in which the arrival process is a general renewal process and the service times are i.i.d.: the FIFO GI/GI/c queue with
$ 2 \leq c \lt \infty$
. Our method utilizes dominated coupling from the past (DCFP) as well as the random assignment (RA) discipline, and complements the earlier work in which Poisson arrivals were assumed, such as the recent work of Connor and Kendall (2015). We also consider the models in continuous time, and show that with mild further assumptions, the exact simulation of those stationary distributions can also be achieved. We also give, using our FIFO algorithm, a new exact simulation algorithm for the stationary distribution of the infinite server case, the GI/GI/
$\infty$
model. Finally, we even show how to handle fork–join queues, in which each arriving customer brings c jobs, one for each server.
Rosuvastatin reduced brain parasite burden in a chronic toxoplasmosis in vivo model and influenced the neuropathological pattern of ME-49 strain
Authors: Nishi L. , Santana P. L. , Evangelista F. F. , Beletini L. F. , Souza A. H. , Mantelo F. M. , Souza-Kaneshima A. M. , Costa I. N. , Falavigna-Guilherme A. L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of rosuvastatin in vivo on toxoplasmosis chronic infection. Thirty-five Swiss mice were orally infected (ME-49 strain). After 50 days, the mice were separated into five groups: GI – non-infected, GII – infected, GIII – infected and treated with pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine (12.5 + 50 mg kg−1 body weight day−1), GIV and GV – infected and treated with rosuvastatin 10 and 40 mg kg−1 body weight day−1, respectively. After 21 days, we collected blood, liver, lungs, femoral biceps and brain were removed for Toxoplasma gondii DNA quantification by qPCR and histopathological analysis. GIV and GV did not present premature death or clinical changes, and the hepatic enzyme levels were lower compared to GI. Toxoplasma gondii DNA was detected mainly in brain and muscle, but the parasite load was significantly lower in GV compared to GII brains (P < 0.05). Histopathological changes were observed in brains, with T. gondii cysts as well as an inflammatory condition, including necrosis areas in GII and GIII. These data confirm active infection with tissue injury. This inflammatory condition was attenuated in the groups treated with rosuvastatin, especially R40 (GV). Our findings demonstrated the in vivo action of rosuvastatin in reducing cerebral parasitic load and indicate that this drug may interfere in chronic toxoplasmosis.
Moments of the Dedekind zeta function and other non-primitiveL-functions
Authors: HEAP WINSTON 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe give a conjecture for the moments of the Dedekind zeta function of a Galois extension. This is achieved through the hybrid product method of Gonek, Hughes and Keating. The moments of the product over primes are evaluated using a theorem of Montgomery and Vaughan, whilst the moments of the product over zeros are conjectured using a heuristic method involving random matrix theory. The asymptotic formula of the latter is then proved for quadratic extensions in the lowest order case. We are also able to reproduce our moments conjecture in the case of quadratic extensions by using a modified version of the moments recipe of Conrey et al. Generalising our methods, we then provide a conjecture for moments of non-primitiveL-functions, which is supported by some calculations based on Selberg’s conjectures.
Associations between family factors, childhood adversity, negative life events and child anxiety disorders: an exploratory study of diagnostic specificity
Authors: Draisey Jenny , Halldorsson Brynjar , Cooper Peter , Creswell Cathy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground:Chronic childhood adversity, negative life events, and anxiogenic parenting behaviours have all been implicated in the development and maintenance of childhood anxiety disorders. However, few studies have addressed whether these factors are associated with particular types of childhood anxiety disorders.Aims:The aims of this study were to investigate whether specific associations were obtained between specific types of childhood anxiety disorder – namely, social anxiety disorder (SOC), separation anxiety disorder (SEP) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) – and the nature of particular forms of psycho-social risk – namely, chronic childhood adversity, negative life events, and particular forms of parenting behaviours.Method:Two-hundred and ten children (aged 7–12 years) who met diagnostic criteria for SOC, SEP or GAD and their primary caregivers completed questionnaire measures on chronic childhood adversity and negative life events. In addition, dyads participated in two laboratory-based assessments of parent–child interactions.Results:We found little evidence for disorder specificity for chronic childhood adversity and negative life events, except in the case of separation anxiety disorder. Anxious children with separation anxiety were more likely than children with other forms of anxiety disorders to live with a single parent, experience more frequent parent arguments, and more negative life events. No group differences in observed parenting behaviours were found.Conclusions:Childhood SEP may be particularly associated with family challenges which may need specific consideration to optimize prevention and/or treatment. Beyond this, there is limited evidence of specific associations between family and environmental factors and specific types of childhood anxiety disorders.