bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How internal migrants’ socioeconomic status affect their unmet inpatient service need? Evidence from a national study in China
Authors: Wang Yi , Jing Zhengyue , Ding Lulu , Tang Xue , Feng Yuejing , Li Jie , Zhou Chengchao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: China has experienced the largest migration during the past three decades. Compared with the permanent residents, migrants faced more obstacles in accessing essential health care services. This study aimed to explore the association between socioeconomic status and unmet inpatient service need among internal migrants in China. Methods: The data used in this study were from the 2014 nationally representative cross-sectional sample of internal migrants in China. All respondents were aged 15-59 years who had been living in local residence without the ‘Hukou’ for more than one month, and a total of 7592 migrants with inpatient service need were included in this analysis. Results: The migrants with unmet inpatient service need were 1667(21.96%). We found that internal migrants with higher socioeconomic defined by economic status(OR=1.74, 95 CI% 1.55-1.96) and educational attainment (OR=1.77, 95% CI 1.56-2.00) were more inclined to use inpatient services when needed, while the unemployed internal migrants (OR=0.36, 95% CI 0.32-0.41) were more likely to use inpatient service than the employed migrants. After adjustment for other demographic variables such as gender, age, marital status etc., these figures did not substantially change in model 2, the OR were 1.28(95% CI 1.12-1.46), 1.31(95% CI 1.13-1.52), and 0.59(95% CI 0.51-0.68), respectively. Conclusion: Internal migrants with higher socioeconomic defined by economic status and education attainment were more inclined to use inpatient services when needed, while the unemployed internal migrants were more likely to use inpatient service than the employed. This suggests that future policies should make the reimbursement more pro-poor among migrants and more effective policies targeting the migrants with low educational attainment and employed.
Evaluation of the four national lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ)-competent provider directories in the United States
Authors: Nowaskie Dustin Zachary 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Postponement and avoidance of healthcare by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people can be attributed to various individual and systemic barriers. National directories of culturally-competent providers may serve as a bridge solution until LGBTQ health education becomes a requisite within standard medical education. This study seeks to evaluate these directories. Methods: In this qualitative study, characteristics such as populations served, number of providers, provider-specific feedback, and searchable criteria of the four national LGBTQ-competent provider directories in the United States, i.e., the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association (GLMA) Provider Directory, OutCare Health OutList, Referral Aggregator Database (RAD), and World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) Member Directory, were evaluated. Results: The GLMA Provider Directory and OutCare Health OutList both served the LGBTQ community while the RAD and WPATH Member Directory served the transgender community. The directories enumerated many providers: GLMA Provider Directory (n = 3961), OutCare Health OutList (n = 1900), RAD (n = 4051), and WPATH Member Directory (n = 1573). Only the OutCare Health OutList and RAD allowed provider-specific feedback. All directories provided nine fundamental searchable criteria (including provider name, location, specialty, population identity, service type, payment types, gender identity, and languages spoken) except the WPATH Member Directory which offered three criteria. Conclusion: The four national directories of LGBTQ-competent providers help address an essential need within the LGBTQ population by promoting equitable healthcare access. Provider-specific feedback and searchable criteria are important key characteristics to ensure cultural competency. By implementing these features, existing and future directories could better provide for the LGBTQ population.
Serum Amyloid A Protein as a Potential Biomarker Useful in Monitoring the Course of COVID-19 : A Retrospectively Studied
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wang Donglian , Lin Minjie , Sun Tong , Chen Jiaxi , Xu Jiaqin , Zhu Hongguo , Zhu Guangjun , Lu Ruyue , Hong Luxiao , Shen Bo , Wu Xiaomai , Zheng Yufen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Serum Amyloid A (SAA) is an acute-phase reactant downstream of the pro-inflammatory cytokines released during virus infection. However, the role of this inflammatory marker in SARA-CoV-2 infection is yet to be elucidated. Here, we explored the potential use of SAA in serum as a biomarker for monitoring the clinical course of COVID-19 patients.Methods: The subjects included 95 COVID-19 patients discharged from the hospital with acute and / or convalescent phases data, among them 69 patients had paired data. Mann-Whitney U statistics and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to compare SAA level in the acute and convalescent phases. A subgroup of COVID-19 patients (n=9) participated in a follow-up examination with repeated blood collection reach five times during the hospitalization. The correlations of SAA levels with laboratory testing were then analyzed using the Spearman test.Results: The results of the data analysis show that the media SAA levels at acute phases were significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to that at baseline. Furthermore, ascensional range of SAA were associated with the degree of COVID-19 severity. Media SAA levels at convalescent phases were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to that at acute phases. The same phenomenon was seen in patients with and without comorbidities and with fever patients except without fever patients. Furthermore, The SAA concentration change in 9 COVID-19 patients of longitudinal follow-up along with the CT score and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid change. In the course of the disease, SAA changes were greater than CRP, lymphocytes, and neutrophils.Conclusions: The serum SAA levels were found to be significantly correlated with impending course of the COVID-19, and may serve as a useful biomarker to monitor the complicated clinical course of the disease.
Study on the Influence Coefficient of Residual Stress used to Estimate the Stress Life Curve of Gears
Authors: Wang Zhen , Chen Long , Liu Zhong-Ming , Cheng Jun-Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aims to estimate the gear S-N curve by the influence coefficient m of the residual stress at the root of the gear for providing theoretical basis and experimental support for the study of the bending fatigue performance of the gear. Based on the crack propagation theory and the linear damage accumulation theory, according to the Goodman relation, the residual stress is treated as the average stress. The spatial distribution of the residual stress is considered, and the residual stress is treated as a step function about depth, so the crack propagation process is divided into several stages. Through the fatigue test, the S-N curve of the gear is obtained. In order to avoid the influence of gear material and shape on the coefficient m, the S-N curve after heat treatment is used as the initial S-N curve, and the S-N curve after shot peening is used as the result curve. Through S-N curve, the influence coefficient m of tooth root residual stress is calculated, and the S-N curve of gears after shot peening is deduced by m value, which is compared with the S-N curve obtained by experiment. The influence coefficient m of residual stress calculated by S-N curve is 0.2132. The S-N curve of shot peening derived from m value is lnS=7.6963-0.0821lnN, which is consistent with the trend of S-N curve obtained by experiment, and the calculated data are more secure in the case of high cycle fatigue. The huge capital and labor cost of gear fatigue test can be saved by estimating gear S-N curve more accurately by m value. It provides a theoretical and experimental basis for the study of the influence coefficient of tooth root residual stress, and provides a solution for estimating the gear S-N curve.
Influence of serum albumin on HbA1c and HbA1c-defined glycemic status: a retrospective study
Authors: Feng Xiao jing , Yang Yan yi , Zhuang Si qi , Fang Yi yuan , Dai Yu feng , Fu Yao yang , Hu Qian , Yuan Qian qin , Tang Hao neng , Tang Ling li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Backgound: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is commonly used in the diagnosis and evaluation of glycemic control in diabetes, and may be influenced by several non-glycemic and glycemic factors, including albumin. This retrospective study investigated the influence of albumin on HbA1c and HbA1c-defined glycemic status. Methods: The demographic, hematological, and biochemical data were collected for 11,922 patients undergoing routine physical examination. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses, stratified analyses and interaction analyses, and multiple logistic regression were conducted to identify the association between albumin and HbA1c in people with different glycemic status. Results: HbA1c levels were inversely associated with serum albumin level ( P < 0.0001) in all participants. Risk factors leading to the association included age >45 years, high fasting plasma glucose (≥7.0 mmol/L), and anemia. The negative association between HbA1c and albumin was curved ( P < 0.0001) and had a threshold effect in the HbA1c-defined diabetic population; the association was significantly stronger when the albumin level fell below 41.4 g/L (β: –0.31, 95% CI: –0.45 to –0.17, P < 0.0001). A 2 g/L increase in albumin reduced the odds of HbA1c-defined dysglycemia, diabetes, and poor glycemia control by 12% to 36%, after adjustment for all possible confounders. Conclusions: HbA1c was inversely associated with albumin level in all participants, and the association was significantly stronger in people with diabetes (defined by HbA1c criteria). For diabetic patients with lower albumin level, there was an increased risk of an erroneous HbA1c-based identification and management of glycemic status.
No Increased Risk of Alopecia in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: A Population-based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Authors: Hsieh Jason Peijer , Tsou Hsi-Kai , Lee Yung-Heng , Wang Yu-Hsun , Wei James Cheng-Chung 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Investigate the association between AS and alopecia.Methods: Using over 1,000,000 patients’ data from Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, we selected the sample with ICD code, diagnosing date, index date, and propensity score matching. We had 3,640 patients with AS and 14,560 non-AS controls. Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used to present the results.Results: The crude and adjusted hazard ratio of AS for developing alopecia showed no statistical significance in the Cox proportional hazard model [crude hazard ratio (HR) 1.16, 95% CI 0.67-1.99; adjusted HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.67-1.98]. Negative results were found as well in subgroup analysis (Age 20-40: HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.53-2.01; Age≧40: HR 1.49, 95% CI 0.58-3.80; Female: HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.43-3.17; Male: HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.61-2.19). A significant positive correlation was found between atopic dermatitis and alopecia (adjusted HR 8.05, 95% CI 1.11-58.14).Conclusions: No increased risk of alopecia was observed in AS patients
Assessing Ultra-Fine-Scale Factors to Improve Human West Nile Virus Disease Models in the Chicago Area
Authors: Uelmen Johnny , Irwin Patrick , Brown William , Karki Surendra , Ruiz Marilyn O'Hara , Li Bo , Smith Rebecca 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Since 1999, West Nile virus (WNV) has moved rapidly across the United States, resulting in tens of thousands of human cases. Both the number of human cases and the level of mosquito infection (MIR) vary across time and space and are related to numerous abiotic and biotic forces, ranging from differences in microclimates to socio-demographic factors. Because the interactions among these multiple factors affect the locally variable risk of WNV illness, it has been especially difficult to model human disease risk across varying spatial and temporal scales. Cook and DuPage Counties, comprising the city of Chicago and surrounding suburbs, are among the areas hardest hit by WNV in the United States. Despite active mosquito control efforts, there is consistent annual WNV presence, resulting in more than 285 confirmed WNV human cases and 20 deaths in the past 5 years in Cook County alone. Methods: A previous WNV model for the greater Chicago area identified the fifty-five most high and low risk study areas in the Northwest Mosquito Abatement District (NWMAD), an enclave ¼ the size of the previous study area. In these locations, human WNV risk was stratified by strength of predictive success, as indicated by differences in studentized residuals. Within these areas, an additional two-years of field collections and data processing was added to a 10-year WNV dataset and assessed by an ultra-fine-scale multivariate logistic regression model.Results: Multivariate statistical approaches revealed that this ultra-fine-scale model resulted in fewer explanatory variables while improving upon the fit of the existing model. Beyond mosquito infection rates and climatic factors, efforts to acquire additional covariates only slightly improve model predictive performance. Conclusions: These results suggest human WNV illness in the Chicago area may be associated with fewer, but increasingly critical, key variables at finer scales. Given limited resources, this study suggests a large variation in the significance to model performance, and provides guidance in covariate selection for optimal WNV human illness modeling.
COVID-19 outbreak in Italy: Experimental chest x-ray scoring system for quantifying and monitoring disease progression
Authors: Borghesi Andrea , Maroldi Roberto 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new virus recently isolated from humans. SARS-CoV-2 was discovered to be the pathogen responsible for a cluster of pneumonia associated with severe respiratory disease occurred in December 2019 in China. This novel pulmonary infection, formally called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has spread rapidly in China and beyond. On 8 March 2020, the number of Italians with SARS-CoV-2 infection was 7375 with a 48% hospitalization rate. At present, chest computed tomography imaging is considered the most effective method for detection of lung abnormalities in early-stage disease and for quantitative assessment of severity and progression of COVID-19 infection. Although chest x-ray (CXR) is considered not sensitive for the detection of pulmonary involvement in the early stage of disease, we believe that, in the current emergency setting, CXR can be a useful diagnostic tool for monitoring the rapid progression of lung abnormalities in infected patients, particularly in intensive care units. In this article we present our experimental CXR scoring system that we are applying in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia to quantify and monitor the severity and progression of this new infectious disease. We also present the results of our preliminary validation study on a sample of 100 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection for whom the final outcome (recovery or death) was available.
Network Pharmacology-based Elucidation of Molecular Biological Mechanisms of Kanglaite Injection for Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Bowen , Dan Wenchao , Lj Jie , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Cao Luchang , Li Shixin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Kanglaite injection (KLTi) has shown good clinical efficacy in the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, its molecular biological mechanisms are still unclear. This study used network pharmacology approach to investigate the molecular biological mechanisms of KLTi.Methods: Compounds in KLTi were screened using TCMSP and drug targets were obtained from the DRUGBANK. Next, the GEO database was searched for differentially expressed genes in cancerous tissues and healthy tissues of PDAC patients to identify targets. Subsequently, the protein-protein interaction data of KLTi and PDAC targets were constructed by BisoGenet. A visual analysis was done to extract KLTi candidate genes for PDAC. The candidate genes were enriched using GO and KEGG by Metascape, and the gene-pathway network was constructed to further screen the key genes.Results: A total of 10 active compounds and 36 drug targets were screened for KLTi, 919 differentially expressed genes associated with PDAC were identified from GEO, and 139 KLTi candidate genes against PDAC were excavated by BisoGenet. The gene-pathway network showed RELA, NFKB1, IKBKG, JUN, MAPK1, TP53, and AKT1 as the core genes, predicting that KLTi intervenes in PDAC by acting on these genes.Conclusions: Our study suggested that KLTi plays an anti-PDAC role by intervening in the cell cycle, inducing apoptosis, regulating protein binding, inhibiting nerve invasion, and down-regulating the NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. In addition, it might also directly participate in the pancreatic cancer pathway. These results provide new evidence and therapeutic direction for subsequent clinical applications and basic research on KLTi in PDAC.
First report of Bursaphelenchus fungivorus (Nematoda: Aphelenchida) in Italy and an overview of nematodes associated with Crocus sativus L.
Authors: Torrini Giulia , Strangi Agostino , Simoncini Stefania , Luppino Maria , Roversi Pio Federico , Marianelli Leonardo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Saffron is one of the most precious spices in the world. It is derived from the dried stigmas of the Crocus sativus L. flowers. This plant is triploid sterile and propagated by corms. As a subterranean organ, the corm can come into contact with different nematodes. In this contribution Bursaphelenchus fungivorus was reported for the first time in Italy. It was found associated with C. sativus corms and characterized based on morphological and morphometrical characteristics for this species. The identification was confirmed using molecular analyses. Moreover, a review of nematodes associated with C. sativus worldwide is also provided.
Comparison of strength and depth cut with scalpel on porcine gingival tissues
Authors: Taron-Dunoyer Arnulfo , Díaz-Caballero Antonio , Ávila-Martínez Eliana , Castellar-Vásquez Efren 
Published: March 2020

The composition of the gums confers some physical characteristics that make it resistant to mechanical stimulation. The objective of the study was to compare the difference of the utilized forces when performing cuts in the anterior and posterior sections of porcine gingival tissue, measuring the depth of the tissue. A comparative descriptive study was performed with a non-probability convenience sampling, sectioned pig mandibles were used. The experimental trials were performed with an EZ-S SHIMADZU texture analyzer. All of the samples were submitted to a vertical shear force, thus identified the force level used to perform the incision and its depth. the necessary force to perform a cut in porcine gingival tissue was evaluated, comparing the posterior section (39.3571 Newton and 2.160 mm) and with the anterior ( 37.8424 newton and 1.747 mm), just as the depth of said cut, showing a statistical difference on the depth, (p=0.022 p< 0.59); regarding the force, no statistically significant difference was found. In the analyzed samples where the shear force in the posterior and anterior section were compared, no difference was found in both groups; as for the cut depth, this was greater in the posterior section than in the anterior.
Determinantes sociales de la salud asociados al grado de discapacidad en la ciudad de Barranquilla
Authors: Henríquez-Thorrens María , Donado-Mercado Anabell , Lían-Romero Tatiana , Vidarte-Claros José Armando , Vélez-Álvarez Consuelo 
Published: March 2020

El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer la asociación de los Determinantes Sociales de la Salud (DSS) con el grado de discapacidad en población mayor de 18 años de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, con 216 personas con discapacidad. Como variable dependiente se midió el grado de discapacidad con el WHODAS 2.0 y como variables independientes se evaluaron los determinantes sociales de la salud. El 56,9% fueron mujeres, la edad promedio fue de 53,68 años, de acuerdo con el grado de discapacidad el mayor porcentaje se encontró en el grado extremo el dominio actividades de la vida diaria-trabajo remunerado y en el grado moderado los dominios de participación en la sociedad. A medida que aumentan la edad, las horas de trabajo, el tiempo de trabajo y los años sin rehabilitación se ven afectados los dominios de comprensión y comunicación, movilidad, autocuidado, relaciones con otras personas, actividades de la vida diaria-trabajo no remunerado, actividades de la vida diaria-trabajo remunerado, participación en sociedad y con el grado discapacidad final y que esta asociación es estadísticamente significativa p<0,05. Se concluye que existe asociación entre los determinantes sociales de la salud y el grado de discapacidad en la población estudiada.
Wpływ homoseksualizmu na niezdolność do zawarcia małżeństwa w wyroku Roty Rzymskiej c. Arokiaraj z 6 lipca 2011 roku
Authors: Dzierżon Ginter 
Published: March 2020

W zaprezentowanym opracowaniu dokonano szczegółowej analizy wyroku Roty Rzymskiej c. Arokiaraj z 6 lipca 2011 roku wydanego w sprawie Senogallien. z tytułu niezdolności do podjęcia istotnych obowiązków małżeńskich wynikających z homoseksualizmu powoda.
Według Autora, na pozytywne rozstrzygnięcie turnusu rotalnego wprawdzie zasadniczo wpłynęły zgodne opinie biegłych. Diagnozy sporządzone przez ekspertów były koherentne wizerunkiem osoby były koherentne wizerunkiem osoby nakreślonym w oświadczeniach stron oraz zeznaniach świadków z którymi powód obcował. W ocenie stanu faktycznego turnus rotalny pod przewodnictwem Ksawiera Leona Arokiaraja wziął pod uwagę wszystkie środki dowodowe.
Na podstawie analizy treści wyroku jego redaktor wykazał, iż powołani w Rocie Rzymskiej biegli rozpoznali u powoda nie tylko homoseksualizm pierwotny, ale również osobowość zależną, której źródeł upatrywali w toksycznych uwarunkowaniach rodzinnych. Na orzeczoną zatem niezdolność do zawarcia małżeństwa wpłynął nie tylko homoseksualizm pierwotny jako jednostka autonomiczna, ale połączenie wskazanych zaburzeń.
Mając na uwadze te fakty Autor opracowania wysunął następujące zalecenie dla sądownictwa niższych stopni jurysdykcyjnych: biegli biorący udział w procesach, o ile to możliwe, na występujące zaburzenia osobowości powinni spojrzeć nie tylko jednoaspektowo, ale wieloaspektowo. Taki punkt widzenia bowiem umożliwi im nakreślenie integralnego wizerunku osoby.