bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Reactive System with Diffusive Transport Displaying Two Different Symmetry-Breaking Dissipative Structures
Authors: Fernández Ariel , Sinanoğlu Oktay 
Published: September 2020

An open reactive system is modelled by coupling the chemical kinetics to diffuse transport. This system operates far from the regime of linear irreversible thermodynamics. The kinetics correspond to a certain region in the parameter space of the Oregonator for which two symmetrybreakdowns occur:
a) A periodic orbit contained in an unstable manifold of the phase space. This solution is invariant under time-translations generated by a period.
b) A spatial stationary dissipative structure. This solution is invariant under a subgroup of the space symmetry group.
The initial time periodicity of the system is followed by a spatial pattern.
The restriction to the center manifold in the phase space allows to reduce an infinitedimensional problem for the bifurcation of a semiflow to a finite dimensional system of ordinary differential equations. The ranges in the control concentrations for this dynamics is found in accord with the experimental values. We also demonstrate that if the vessel is stirred after the Turing pattern has emerged, the freezed wave is destroyed and the time-periodic behavior is achieved again.
Fields Connected with Particles in Terms of Complex-Riemannian Geometry
Authors: Ławrynowicz Julian , Kędzia Katarzyna , Wojtczak Leszek 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A complex analytical method of solving the generalised Dirac-Maxwell system has recently been proposed by two of us for a certain class of complex Riemannian metrics. The Dirac equation without the field potential in such a metric appeared to be equivalent to the Dirac-Maxwell system including the field potentials produced by the currents of a particle in question. The method proposed is connected with applying the Fourier transform with respect to the electric charge treated as a variable, with the consideration of the mass as an eigenvalue, and with solving suitable convolution equations. In the present research an explicit calculation based on linearization of the spinor connections is given. The conditions for the motion are interpreted as a starting point to seek selection rules for curved space-times corresponding to actually existing particles. Then the same method is applied to solids. Namely, by a suitable transformation of the configuration space in terms of elements of the interaction matrix corresponding to the Coulomb, exchange, and dipole integrals, the interaction term in the hamiltonian becomes zero, thus leading to experimentally verificable formulae for the autocorrelation time
The gauche-trans Energy Difference of n-Butane from a Doppler Limited Investigation of the 740 cm- 1 CH2-Rocking Region
Authors: Gassier G. , Hüttner W. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Tunable diode laser spectra of n-butane gas were recorded in the 740 cm -1 CH2-rocking region using path lengths of typically 300 m, pressures below 1 mbar and temperatures between 170 and 300 K. The spectra are complicated by the overlap of the two trans and gauche rotameric fundamentals, and by a strong absorption background probably caused by the addition of hot-band transitions involving excitation of one or more quanta of the torsion vibrations around the central C - C bond. Analysis was aided by Fourier transform recordings in medium and high resolution and lead to the assignment of rovibrational features close to the band centers at v0 (trans) = (733.5797 ±0.0015) cm -1 and v0(gauche) = (747.5116 ± 0.0018) cm-1 of the trans and gauche rotamers, respectively, and to medium accurate spectroscopic parameters. A statistical evaluation of the temperature dependence of the relative absorption intensities of near-by trans and gauche transitions resulted in the trans-gauche rotameric energy difference of ΔH = (246 ± 18) cm -1 or (2.94 + 0.21) kJ mol-1 . This value is lower than those from previous determinations but still indicates an interesting decrease of the gauche-trans energy difference in going from gas to the liquid state.
Intermolecular Potential Function for Copper (II)-Water Based on ab initio Calculations
Authors: Islam Saiful , Anwander E. H. S. , Probst M. M. , Rode B. M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An analytical pair potential function for the system Cu(II)-water has been derived by means of ab initio calculation of the corresponding energy surface, using double zeta + polarization basis sets and effective core potentials. Tests on the function show that it should be reliable for use in Monte Carlo or molecular dynamics simulations.
The Effect of the H-Bond Interactions on the First Hyperpolarisability of (HF)n. A Comparative Study
Authors: Waite J. , Papadopoulos M. G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The effect of H-bond interactions on the first hyperpolarisability (ß) of (HF)„ is discussed. The reported results confirm, computationally, the remarkable sensitivity of this property to intermolecular interactions, which has been found experimentally. Results for the second hyperpolarisability (y) and the total energy (E) are also presented for comparative purposes. The analysis is based on data calculated by the CHFPT- EB-CNDO method.
An Investigation of the Structure of Amorphous Co-P Alloys. 2: EXAFS at the Phosphorous K-edge, a Feasibility Study
Authors: Nuding Mi. , Lamparter P. , Steeb S. , Neißendorfer F. , Schäfers F. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Amorphous Co100-xPx foils in the concentration range 13.4 ≤ x ≤ 26 were produced by electrodeposition. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) at the phosphorous K-edge was measured in transmission mode. The phase shift was determined from the EXAFS spectrum of a crystalline Co2P reference sample. The EXAFS spectra of the amorphous Co-P alloys are characterized mainly by one single contribution from a shell of Co-atoms at a distance of 2.3 Å around the P-atoms. A small additional contribution at a shorter distance of 2.0 Å may be a hint on some direct P-P neighbours. The evaluation of reliable coordination numbers from the EXAFS spectra of the amorphous alloys is not possible.
On the Measurement of Rotational Spectra of Monodeuterated Asymmetric Top Molecules in Natural Abundance Demonstrated for Monofluorobenzene
Authors: Dreizler H. , Andresen U. , Grabow J.-U. , Sutter D. H. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report on the measurement of rotational transitions of monodeuterated fluorobenzene in natural abundance to show the feasibility of the investigation of monodeuterated asymmetric top molecules without the necessity of isotopic enrichment.
Dynamic analysis of the mathematical model of COVID-19 with demographic effects
Authors: Faraz Naeem , Khan Yasir , Goufo E. F. Doungmo , Anjum Amna , Anjum Ali 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus is currently extremely contagious for humankind, which is a zoonotic tropical disease. The pandemic is the largest in history, affecting almost the whole world. What makes the condition the worst of all is no specific effective treatment available. In this article, we present an extended and modified form of SIR and SEIR model, respectively. We begin by investigating a simple mathematical model that describes the pandemic. Then we apply different safety measures to control the pandemic situation. The mathematical model with and without control is solved by using homotopy perturbation method. Obtained solutions have been presented graphically. Finally, we develop another mathematical model, including quarantine and hospitalization.
Solubility determination, computational modeling, Hansen solubility parameters and apparent thermodynamic analysis of brigatinib in (ethanol + water) mixtures
Authors: Alshahrani Saad M. , Alfadhel Munerah M. , Abujheisha Khalil Y.R. , Almutairy Bjad K. , Alalaiwe Ahmed S. , Alshetaili Abdullah S. , Aldawsari Mohammed F. , Anwer Md. Khalid , Shakeel Faiyaz 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The solubility and various thermodynamic parameters of an antitumor drug brigatinib (BRN) in various ethanol (EtOH) + water (H2O) mixtures were determined in this study. The mole fraction solubility (x
e) of BRN in various (EtOH + H2O) mixtures including pure EtOH and pure H2O was obtained at T = 298.2–323.2 K and p = 0.1 MPa by adopting a saturation shake flask method. Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) of BRN, pure EtOH, pure H2O and (EtOH + H2O) mixtures free of BRN were also computed. The x
e values of BRN were correlated using Van’t Hoff, Apelblat, Yalkowsky–Roseman, Jouyban–Acree and Jouyban–Acree–Van’t Hoff models with mean errors of <2.0%. The maximum and minimum x
e value of BRN was obtained in pure EtOH (1.43 × 10−2 at T = 323.2 K) and pure H2O (3.08 × 10−6 at T = 298.2 K), respectively. The HSP of BRN was also found more closed with that of pure EtOH. The x
e value of BRN was obtained as increasing significantly with the rise in temperature and increase in EtOH mass fraction in all (EtOH + H2O) mixtures including pure EtOH and pure H2O. The data of apparent thermodynamic analysis showed an endothermic and entropy-driven dissolution of BRN in all (EtOH + H2O) mixtures including pure EtOH and pure H2O.
VGluT2 Expression in Dopamine Neurons Contributes to Postlesional Striatal Reinnervation
Authors: Kouwenhoven Willemieke M. , Fortin Guillaume , Penttinen Anna-Maija , Florence Clélia , Delignat-Lavaud Benoît , Bourque Marie-Josée , Trimbuch Thorsten , Luppi Milagros Pereira , Salvail-Lacoste Alix , Legault Pascale , Poulin Jean-François , Rosenmund Christian , Awatramani Raj , Trudeau Louis-Éric 
Published: September 2020

A subset of adult ventral tegmental area dopamine (DA) neurons expresses vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) and releases glutamate as a second neurotransmitter in the striatum, while only few adult substantia nigra DA neurons have this capacity. Recent work showed that cellular stress created by neurotoxins such as MPTP and 6-hydroxydopamine can upregulate VGluT2 in surviving DA neurons, suggesting the possibility of a role in cell survival, although a high level of overexpression could be toxic to DA neurons. Here we examined the level of VGluT2 upregulation in response to neurotoxins and its impact on postlesional plasticity. We first took advantage of anin vitroneurotoxin model of Parkinson's disease and found that this caused an average 2.5-fold enhancement ofVglut2mRNA in DA neurons. This could represent a reactivation of a developmental phenotype because using an intersectional genetic lineage-mapping approach, we find that >98% of DA neurons have a VGluT2+lineage. Expression of VGluT2 was detectable in most DA neurons at embryonic day 11.5 and was localized in developing axons. Finally, compatible with the possibility that enhanced VGluT2 expression in DA neurons promotes axonal outgrowth and reinnervation in the postlesional brain, we observed that DA neurons in female and male mice in which VGluT2 was conditionally removed established fewer striatal connections 7 weeks after a neurotoxin lesion. Thus, we propose here that the developmental expression of VGluT2 in DA neurons can be reactivated at postnatal stages, contributing to postlesional plasticity of dopaminergic axons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA small subset of dopamine neurons in the adult, healthy brain expresses vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGluT2) and thus releases glutamate as a second neurotransmitter in the striatum. This neurochemical phenotype appears to be plastic as exposure to neurotoxins, such as 6-OHDA or MPTP, that model certain aspects of Parkinson's disease pathophysiology, boosts VGluT2 expression in surviving dopamine neurons. Here we show that this enhanced VGluT2 expression in dopamine neurons drives axonal outgrowth and contributes to dopamine neuron axonal plasticity in the postlesional brain. A better understanding of the neurochemical changes that occur during the progression of Parkinson's disease pathology will aid the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this disease.
IMPERINIO DISKURSO PROBLEMATIKA ŠIUOLAIKINIUOSE RUSŲ KULTŪROS TYRINĖJIMUOSE
Authors: Snežko Julija 
Published: September 2020

Šiame straipsnyje yra aptariami įvairūs imperinio diskurso suvokimo ir analizės būdai šiuolaikiniuose rusų kultūros tyrinėjimuose. Trumpai pristačius Michelio Foucault ir Edwardo Saido esmines sąvokas, turėjusias įtakos pokolonijinėms studijoms ir rusų kultūros tyrimams, pereinama prie Ewos M. Thompson, Aleksandro Etkindo, Susan Layton, Andrejaus Zorino, Richardo Wortmano ir Harsha Ramo darbų. Imperinio diskurso sąvoka juose aprašo kultūros arba literatūrinio teksto santykį su specifiniu istoriniu kontekstu, įvardijamu kaip imperinis. Teksto ir imperinio konteksto santykis yra nevienalytis ir atskleidžiamas įvairiais lygmenimis: analizuojant Rusijos imperinio dvaro ceremonialą, literatūrines reprezentacijas, ideologinių simbolių funkcionavimą, taip pat žanrinės poetikos ir lyrinio subjekto ypatumus. Bendras šių rusų kultūros ir literatūros tyrinėjimų bruožas – tyrimas ne tiek represinių (išskyrus Ewą Thompson), kiek konstruktyvių imperinio diskurso aspektų, kurie atskleidžia naujas teksto reikšmes, taip pat papildo supratimą apie rusų rašytojų ir veikėjų kultūrinės tapatybės formavimąsi.
Towards The Reduction of The National Impact of Blindness Due to Glaucoma- A National Glaucoma Summit
Authors: Dr. Barbie O. M. Ejukonemu  
Published: September 2020

Glaucoma is a serious condition that involves elevation in pressure inside the eye caused by build-up of excess fluid. Though there are several varieties of the disease that do not show elevation of pressure inside the eyes, generally, glaucoma in whatever form, if left untreated would lead to impairment in vision by causing irreversible damage to the optic nerve and eventually blindness. Between 2005 and 2007 the National Programme for the Prevention of Blindness (NPPB), now known as National Eye Care Programme, in collaboration with states, local government and FCT embarked on National Blindness and low vision survey. The survey revealed that glaucoma, an unavoidable cause of blindness constitutes 16% of all blindness in the country. There are global initiatives that work to eradicate blindness in National communities in the developed and developing world. The major one being the Vision 2020 - the right to sight. Nigeria endorsed the initiative. This initiative is complacent on glaucoma as it is unavoidable, incurable and not within the targeted disease conditions of vision 2020. Elimination of blindness due to glaucoma in our communities, therefore calls for a National action. This paper is an advocacy for a National Summit on Glaucoma that would produce a National Glaucoma Eradication document; implementation of which would lead to reduction and elimination of the National impact of blindness due to glaucoma.
Rozumowanie moralne – norma czy wyjątek?
Authors: Gałecki Sebastian 
Published: September 2020

Czymś fundamentalnym dla etyki jest pytanie o to, w jaki sposób człowiek zdobywa swoją wiedzę o świecie moralnym, w tym przede wszystkim wiedzę na temat tego, co należy w danej sytuacji uczynić. Od czasów starożytnych ten obszar działalności człowieka nazywa się rozumowaniem praktycznym lub moralnym. Pod koniec ubiegłego wieku w świecie anglosaskim toczył się ciekawy spór o to, czy owo rozumowanie moralne ma charakter konieczny (stanowi warunek sine qua non każdego czynu), czy też stanowi coś wyjątkowego, dokonywanego przez podmiot tylko w wyjątkowo zawiłych sytuacjach moralnych. W swoim artykule staram się rozstrzygnąć ten spór, odwołując się do powszechnie przyjmowanego odróżnienia rozumowania prowadzącego do zdobycia racji do działania (rozumowanie implikatywne, pierwszoosobowy punkt widzenia) od rozumowania prowadzącego do wyrażenia tychże racji (rozumowanie eksplikatywne, trzecioosobowy punkt widzenia).
Sprawiedliwy porządek wolnych ludzi
Authors: Andryszczak Piotr 
Published: September 2020

Podstawowym problemem filozofii społecznej i politycznej jest to, jak organizując życie zbiorowe, pogodzić sprawiedliwość z wolnością. W obrębie liberalizmu toczy się o to spór, w którym jedni opowiadają się za interwencjonizmem państwowym, a inni bronią idei wolnorynkowych. Debatę tę umieszczamy w szerszym kontekście wyznaczonym przez trzy ważne współcześnie sposoby myślenia o sprawiedliwości, a następnie przedstawiamy własne inspirowane chrześcijaństwem, stanowisko.
Hasło sprawiedliwości społecznej jako wstęp do tyranii
Authors: Breczko Jacek 
Published: September 2020

Hasło sprawiedliwości społecznej różnie w historii było rozumiane; bywało podstawą przemian – w szerokim sensie tego słowa – demokratycznych, ale też okazywało się propagandowym „chwytem” i wstępem do tyranii. Platon był bodaj pierwszy, który w swojej opisowej koncepcji ewolucji ustrojów zwrócił uwagę na to, że demokracja – kiedy wątek „redystrybucji dóbr” w imię egalitaryzmu i zrównania wychodzi na plan pierwszy – niejako spontanicznie zamienia się w tyranię. Próbował temu zapobiec Arystoteles w swojej koncepcji politei. Chciałbym się zastanowić (w ogromnym, rzecz jasna, skrócie), na ile te koncepcje „sprawdzały się w historii” i są obecnie aktualne. Chciałbym też – na zakończenie – zaprezentować trzy modele „sprawiedliwości społecznej”: hierarchiczny (starożytny), oparty na równym kryterium (nowożytny, liberalny) oraz egalitarystyczny (utopijny, zrównujący), będący ideologią prowadzącą do scentralizowanej, arbitralnej, a nawet tyrańskiej władzy.
Prawda o człowieku jako fundament kultury politycznej. Główne idee Tadeusza Stycznia
Authors: Jasiński Karol 
Published: September 2020

Celem autora jest przedstawienie i krytyczna analiza głównych idei polskiego personalisty Tadeusza Stycznia na temat prawdy, która jest aksjologiczną podstawą kultury politycznej. Jest nią odkryta w sumieniu prawda o osobowej godności każdego człowieka. Artykuł składa się z trzech głównych części. W pierwszej autor przedstawił koncepcję sumienia Stycznia (sumienie jako sąd prawodawczy, normatywny i powinnościowy). W części drugiej poruszono kwestię prawdy odkrytej w sumieniu (prawdy o ludzkiej godności i wyjątkowości ludzkiej egzystencji). W trzeciej części skoncentrowano się na zagadnieniu kultury politycznej w myśli Stycznia i jej istotnych elementów (etos polegający na afirmacji osoby, czynne współuczestnictwo w trosce o dobro każdego człowieka, respekt dla podmiotowości ludzkiej wyrażającej się w autonomii sumienia, służba państwa na rzecz ochrony życia wszystkich obywateli i zabezpieczenie praw mniejszości).
Resilience and self concept of competence in institutionalized and non institutionalized young people
Authors: Martins Maria Helena , Neto Vanessa Clemente 
Published: September 2020

The institutionalization of young people may have important negative influence on their development and emotional well‑being. The aim of this study was to analyze the relations between resilience and the self‑concept of competence in institutionalized and non‑institutionalized young people. The sample was composed of 158 young people, aged between 15 and 18 years old. The following instruments were used: a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module and the Self‑Concept of Competence Scale. The results showed: (1) no significant differences between the two groups in terms of resilience; (2) the non‑institutionalized sample revealed higher scores on the self‑concept competence; and (3) there was a strong positive correlation between resilience and self‑concept of competence amongst the institutionalized sample. These results are discussed in the light of the constructivist perspective of resilience.
Evidence from Google Trends of a Widening Second-level Digital Divide in Brazil. Even Worse with the Covid-19
Authors: P. dos Santos Renato , Bülbül M Şahin , Lemes Isadora L 
Published: September 2020

Background: While Brazilian governmental initiatives focused on home broadband Internet access, availability of computers for students in schools has been drastically reduced since 2010. Furthermore, schools usually prohibits mobile Internet access in its premises, contrarily to the migration of students’ access to smartphones. Objectives: This study investigates the impact of the increasing home and mobile Internet access on the existing educational inequalities. Design: This study made use of quantitative, locally statistical research to investigate the reproduction or closing of existing educational digital divide across already contrasting Brazilian regions. Setting and Participants: Child or adolescent from 9 to 17 years of age and their guardians, interviewed by CETIC.br. Data collection and analysis: Data was obtained from the CETIC.br data portal and the Google Trends webpage. Data were analysed by means of local geostatistical measures of spatial autocorrelation and inequality, as well as bivariate choropleth maps. Results: Our results suggest that the Brazilian school system is failing to cultivate in their students the more productive use of Internet access and therefore contributing to the widening of the existing second-level digital divide between regions and social classes. Conclusions: This digital divide was critically exacerbated by the arrival of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the suspension of presential classes.Brazilian policymakers should concentrate efforts and resources in addressing this large-scale second-level digital divide, possibly by equipping educators and students with the knowledge and skills towards the educational, productive and responsible use of the Internet, as well as allowing mobile Internet access in school premises.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF THE KNEE JOINT CONTRACTURES AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHOPLASTY
Authors: Akhpashev Alexander , Brizhan Leonid , Artemiev Aleksander , Bolotnikov Mikhail , Shipulin Aleksander , Kashoob Ali 
Published: September 2020

Background: The development of contractures after total knee replacement is most often associated with arthrofibrosis and makes up 1.3% - 5.7% of the total number of cases of joint replacement. Conservative treatment is ineffective. Arthrolysis is pathogenetically substantiated (arthroscopic or open).
Aims: assessment of the effectiveness of arthrolysis as a method of treating knee joint contractures after arthroplasty, comparison of the results of arthroscopic and open arthrolysis, analysis of complications.
Materials and methods: Compare two groups. In group 1, 57 patients underwent arthroscopic arthrolysis. In group 2, 54 patients underwent open arthrolysis. The operations were performed from 2015 to 2019, the observation period ranged from one year to three years. As criteria for the result of treatment, KSS data were used (general and functional assessment of the knee joint), as well as separately the amplitude of movements in the joint before surgery and at different times after it.
Results: One of the results of this work was the optimization of arthroscopic arthrolysis technique. Improved surgical access and joint revision sequence. According to the KSS scale and range of motion, the best results were obtained in group 1. Especially important is the lesser number of complications in comparison with the 2nd group requiring repeated interventions, including revision arthroplasty. In the 1st group of such cases there were 3 (5.3%), in the 2nd group - 7 (13.0%).
Conclusions: Arthroscopic arthrolysis is a less traumatic and more effective treatment for arthritis of the knee. It seems appropriate to gradually displace open arthrolysis by arthroscopic.