bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Effects of Oregano Essential Oil (OEO) and Its Potential Applications
Authors: Cabrera-Contreras R. , Morelos-Ramírez R. , Quiróz-Ríos J. P. , Muñoz-Quiróz D. 
Published: May 2020

Essential oils (EOs) are commonly used in food industry, due that they possess antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. There are few essential oils that have been used in medicine, due to its potent antibacterial activity against intrahospital pathogens. OEO has experimentally shown potent antibacterial effect on nosocomial Gram-positive bacteria, therefore it can be very useful in hospital environments, where there are many bacterial pathogens, which are the etiological agents of nosocomial infections and most of them are resistant to several antibiotics.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial effect of OEO on most frequent bacterial intrahospital pathogens: MRSA, MRSE comparatively to selected ATCC bacterial reference strains.
Methods: This experimental study investigates the antibacterial action of oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil (OvEO) on two human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) Here, we used OEO against one of the most prominent antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains: methicillin-resistant SA (MRSAmecA+ = Meticillin Resistant SA and mecA- = Meticillin Resistance SA ), methicillin-resistant SE (MRSEmecA+ = Meticillin Resistance Staphylococcus epidermidis mecA+) and reference strains: S. aureus ATCC 700699, S. epidermidis ATCC 359845 and E. coli ATCC 25922. Bactericidal effects of the OEO on these bacteria were mainly evaluated using undiluted and four serial dilutions in coconut oil (CCO) l: 1:10, 1:100, 1:200, 1:400.
Results: OEO, undiluted and 4 serial dilutions showed potent antibacterial activity against all strains tested. In conclusion, this OEO could be used as an alternative in medicine. The ability of OEO to inhibit and kill clinical Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR): MRSA and MRSE strains, highlights it´s potential for use in the management of drug-resistant MDR infections in hospitals wards.
Virus Disinfection from Environmental Water Sources Using Living Engineered Biofilm Materials
Authors: Pu Jiahua , Liu Yi , Zhang Jicong , An Bolin , Li Yingfeng , Wang Xinyu , Din Kang , Qin Chong , Li Ke , Cui Mengkui , Liu Suying , Huang Yuanyuan , Wang Yanyi , Lv Yanan , Huang Jiaofang , Cui Zongqiang , Zhao Suwen , Zhong Chao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWaterborne viruses frequently cause disease outbreaks and existing strategies to remove such viral pathogens often involve harsh or energy‐consuming water treatment processes. Here, a simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly approach is reported to achieve highly selective disinfection of specific viruses with living engineered biofilm materials. As a proof‐of‐concept, Escherichia coli biofilm matrix protein CsgA was initially genetically fused with the influenza‐virus‐binding peptide (C5). The resultant engineered living biofilms could correspondingly capture virus particles directly from aqueous solutions, disinfecting samples to a level below the limit‐of‐detection for a qPCR‐based detection assay. By exploiting the surface‐adherence properties of biofilms, it is further shown that polypropylene filler materials colonized by the CsgA‐C5 biofilms can be utilized to disinfect river water samples with influenza titers as high as 1 × 107 PFU L−1. Additionally, a suicide gene circuit is designed and applied in the engineered strain that strictly limits the growth of bacterial, therefore providing a viable route to reduce potential risks confronted with the use of genetically modified organisms. The study thus illustrates that engineered biofilms can be harvested for the disinfection of pathogens from environmental water samples in a controlled manner and highlights the unique biology‐only properties of living substances for material applications.
Sacral protuberance with cleft lip and palate: Prenatal presentation of 3MC syndrome
Authors: Lawson Cathleen , Blakemore Karin J. , Ryan Rebecca , Hooper Jody E. , Tsimis Michael , Jelin Angie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract3MC syndromes are rare heterogeneous autosomal recessive conditions previously designated as Mingarelli, Malpuech, Michels, and Carnevale syndromes, characterized by dysmorphic facial features, facial clefts, growth restriction, and intellectual disability. 3MC is secondary to mutations in the MASP1, MASP3, COLEC11, and COLEC10 genes. The number of patients with 3MC syndrome with known mutations in the COLEC11 or MASP1 is, to date, less than 50. At the time this case presented (2015), the only gene identified in Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man to be associated with 3MC syndrome was MASP1. We present, to the best of our knowledge, the first prenatal report of 3MC syndrome, secondary to a homozygous variant in MASP1. Fetal findings included bilateral cleft lip and palate, abnormality of the sacral spine, a right echogenic pelvic kidney, and brachycephaly. 3MC syndrome should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis when fetal ultrasound detects facial clefts and spinal defects, as the risk of recurrence is significant and a molecularly confirmed diagnosis allows for alternate reproductive options.
Genes that escape from X‐chromosome inactivation: Potential contributors to Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Navarro‐Cobos Maria Jose , Balaton Bradley P. , Brown Carolyn J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOne of the two X chromosomes in females is epigenetically inactivated, thereby compensating for the dosage difference in X‐linked genes between XX females and XY males. Not all X‐linked genes are completely inactivated, however, with 12% of genes escaping X chromosome inactivation and another 15% of genes varying in their X chromosome inactivation status across individuals, tissues or cells. Expression of these genes from the second and otherwise inactive X chromosome may underlie sex differences between males and females, and feature in many of the symptoms of XXY Klinefelter males, who have both an inactive X and a Y chromosome. We review the approaches used to identify genes that escape from X‐chromosome inactivation and discuss the nature of their sex‐biased expression. These genes are enriched on the short arm of the X chromosome, and, in addition to genes in the pseudoautosomal regions, include genes with and without Y‐chromosomal counterparts. We highlight candidate escape genes for some of the features of Klinefelter syndrome and discuss our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying silencing and escape on the X chromosome as well as additional differences between the X in males and females that may contribute to Klinefelter syndrome.
Ultrahigh Branching of Main‐Chain‐Functionalized Polyethylenes by Inverted Insertion Selectivity
Authors: Zhang Yuxing , Wang Chaoqun , Mecking Stefan , Jian Zhongbao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBranched polyolefin microstructures resulting from so‐called “chain walking” are a fascinating feature of late transition metal catalysts; however, to date it has not been demonstrated how desirable branched polyolefin microstructures can be generated thereby. We demonstrate how highly branched polyethylenes with methyl branches (220 Me/1000 C) exclusively and very high molecular weights (ca. 106 g mol−1), reaching the branch density and microstructure of commercial ethylene–propylene elastomers, can be generated from ethylene alone. At the same time, polar groups on the main chain can be generated by in‐chain incorporation of methyl acrylate. Key to this strategy is a novel rigid environment in an α‐diimine PdII catalyst with a steric constraint that allows for excessive chain walking and branching, but restricts branch formation to methyl branches, hinders chain transfer to afford a living polymerization, and inverts the regioselectivity of acrylate insertion to a 1,2‐mode.
Adaptive Flexible Sialylated Nanogels as Highly Potent Influenza A Virus Inhibitors
Authors: Bhatia Sumati , Hilsch Malte , Cuellar‐Camacho Jose Luis , Ludwig Kai , Nie Chuanxiong , Parshad Badri , Wallert Matthias , Block Stephan , Lauster Daniel , Böttcher Christoph , Herrmann Andreas , Haag Rainer 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFlexible multivalent 3D nanosystems that can deform and adapt onto the virus surface via specific ligand–receptor multivalent interactions can efficiently block virus adhesion onto the cell. We here report on the synthesis of a 250 nm sized flexible sialylated nanogel that adapts onto the influenza A virus (IAV) surface via multivalent binding of its sialic acid (SA) residues with hemagglutinin spike proteins on the virus surface. We could demonstrate that the high flexibility of sialylated nanogel improves IAV inhibition by 400 times as compared to a rigid sialylated nanogel in the hemagglutination inhibition assay. The flexible sialylated nanogel efficiently inhibits the influenza A/X31 (H3N2) infection with IC50 values in low picomolar concentrations and also blocks the virus entry into MDCK‐II cells.
Absolute Configuration of Small Molecules by Co‐Crystallization
Authors: Krupp Felix , Frey Wolfgang , Richert Clemens 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe most reliable method to determine the absolute configuration of chiral molecules is X‐ray crystallography, but small molecules can be difficult to crystallize. We report rapid co‐crystallization of tetraaryladamantanes with small molecules as different as n‐decane to nicotine to produce crystals for X‐ray analysis and the assignment of absolute configuration when the molecules are chiral. A screen of 52 diverse compounds gave inclusion in co‐crystals for 88 % of all cases and a high‐resolution structure in 77 % of cases. Furthermore, starting from three milligrams of analyte, a combination of NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography produced a full structure in less than three days using an adamantane crystallization chaperone that encapsulates the analyte at room temperature.
Impact of Genotype on Carotenoids Profile in Japanese Quince (Chaenomeles japonica) Seed Oil
Authors: Radziejewska‐Kubzdela Elżbieta , Górnaś Paweł 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) is a fruit crop that is processed for industry nearly 100% and generates considerable quantities of seeds. The seeds of Japanese quince can be an alternative raw material for the recovery of oil rich in phytosterols, tocopherols, and carotenoids. Despite having been reported for high content of carotenoids, their composition has not been determined yet. Therefore, in the present study, the profiles of carotenoids in the seed oil of 12 genotypes Japanese quince were studied. Overall, seven carotenoids were identified (β‐carotene, β‐cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, violaxanthin, trans‐, and cis‐neoxanthin), and one was unidentified. In eight and three of the investigated genotypes of Japanese quince all eight and seven forms of carotenoids, respectively, were found. While in genotype SR‐1‐1A only three carotenoids were detected. The content of total carotenoids in different seed oils of Japanese quince measured via HPLC was in the range of 2.05–3.81 mg/100 g of oil. The PCA showed that most of the studied samples (83%) were located in one group providing a similar composition and concentration of carotenoids in most genotypes of Japanese quince. A critical finding for industrial/manufacturing processes that require similar and reproducible quality parameters.
Development and characterization of EST‐SSR markers for Camellia reticulata
Authors: Tong Yan , Gao Li‐Zhi 
Published: May 2020

PremiseCamellia reticulata, which is native to southwestern China, is an economically important plant belonging to the family Theaceae. We developed expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers for C. reticulata, which can be used to investigate its genetic diversity, population structure, and evolutionary history.Methods and ResultsWe detected 4780 SSRs in C. reticulata from Camellia RNA‐Seq data deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information's expressed sequence tags database (dbEST). Primer pairs for 70 SSR loci were designed and used for PCR amplification using 90 individuals from four populations of C. reticulata. Of these loci, 50 microsatellite markers were successfully identified, including 11 polymorphic markers. The allele number per locus ranged from two to seven (mean = 4.182), and the levels of observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.044 to 0.567 and from 0.166 to 0.642, respectively. Eleven primer pairs amplified PCR products in three other species of Camellia (C. saluenensis, C. pitardii, and C. yunnanensis).ConclusionsThe set of microsatellite markers developed here can be used to study the genetic variation and population structure of C. reticulata and related species and thereby help to develop conservation strategies for this species.
Scalable, two‐stage, autoinduction of recombinant protein expression in E. coli utilizing phosphate depletion
Authors: Menacho‐Melgar Romel , Ye Zhixia , Moreb Eirik A. , Yang Tian , Efromson John P. , Decker John S. , Wang Ruixin , Lynch Michael D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report the scalable production of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli, reliant on tightly controlled autoinduction, triggered by phosphate depletion in the stationary phase. The method, reliant on engineered strains and plasmids, enables improved protein expression across scales. Expression levels using this approach have reached as high as 55% of the total cellular protein. The initial use of the method in instrumented fed‐batch fermentations enables cell densities of ∼30 gCDW/L and protein titers up to 8.1 ± 0.7 g/L (∼270 mg/gCDW). The process has also been adapted to an optimized autoinduction media, enabling routine batch production at culture volumes of 20 μl (384‐well plates), 100 μl (96‐well plates), 20 ml, and 100 ml. In batch cultures, cell densities routinely reach ∼5–7 gCDW/L, offering protein titers above 2 g/L. The methodology has been validated with a set of diverse heterologous proteins and is of general use for the facile optimization of routine protein expression from high throughput screens to fed‐batch fermentation.
Management of a primary malignant melanoma of uterine cervix stage IVA patient with radical surgery and adjuvant oncolytic virus Rigvir® therapy: A case report
Authors: Pumpure Elizabete , Dručka Eva , Kigitoviča Dana , Meškauskas Raimundas , Isajevs Sergejs , Nemiro Ineta , Rasa Agnija , Olmane Evija , Zablocka Tatjana , Alberts Pēteris , Doniņa Simona 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrimary malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix is a rare disease with poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. We used Rigvir® as adjuvant therapy for a stage IVA patient. Tolerability, overall and progression‐free survival are good.
Invasive ductal carcinoma of breast and squamous cell carcinoma of anterior chest wall—A rare collision
Authors: Mallik Dhiraj , Ravi Bina , Kumar Navin , Chattopadhyay Debarati , Syed Anjum , Joshi Prashant 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCollision tumors are two distinct neoplasms seen together in same anatomic site. Management of such rare entity still lacks standardization with unknown prognosis. Here we are presenting one such rare case of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast and squamous cell carcinoma of anterior chest wall in a 31‐year‐old lady.
Investigation on the leading phase of Al2O3/YAG eutectic crystals prepared by directional solidification
Authors: Zhong Yujie , Wang Shengjie , Liu Yangru , Gao Qian , Wang Kuikui , Wang Xu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe leading phase of eutectic materials has an effect on the solidification behavior and further influences on their properties. Many studies have been carried out on the leading phase of metal/metal and nonmetal/metal eutectic alloys. Nevertheless, few studies were focused on no‐metal/no‐metal eutectic materials. In the present work, the leading phase in the Al2O3/Y3Al5O12 eutectic crystal during solidification was investigated by electron back‐scattered diffraction and discussed according to the classical solidification theory. It is observed that the Y3Al5O12 was the leading phase. The leading phase was determined by the wetting angle and the undercooling. At a given wetting angle, the Y3Al5O12 would be the leading phase when the undercooling exceeds the critical value.
Controlled Release of Reactive Gases: A Tale of Taming Carbon Monoxide
Authors: Ravn Anne K. , Johansen Martin B. , Skrydstrup Troels 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis Personal Account describes the development of air‐stable and solid precursors for on‐demand release of carbon monoxide. In combination with the development of a two‐chamber reactor, COware®, CO liberation can be achieved under safe working conditions, as well as allowing transition metal‐mediated carbonylations with stoichiometric carbon monoxide. Particularly appealing is the adaptability of this chemical technology for the preparation of carbon isotope labeled bioactive compounds.
Patients' perceived lack of goal clarity in psychological treatments: Scale development and negative correlates
Authors: Geurtzen Naline , Keijsers Ger P.J. , Karremans Johan C. , Tiemens Bea G. , Hutschemaekers Giel J.M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGoal setting in psychological treatments may have favourable effects on patients' motivation and treatment outcomes. Therefore, it seems important to detect when patients do not perceive clear treatment goals. The current study presents a questionnaire measuring patients' perceived lack of goal clarity. The cross‐sectional study consisted of 742 adult outpatients with diverse mental disorders. Patients completed the perceived lack of goal clarity questionnaire, and additional items measuring goal setting and evaluation, therapeutic alliance, symptom levels, patients' dependency on their treatment, and their expected and needed number of future treatment sessions. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability analyses resulted in a unidimensional and reliable questionnaire (nine items, α = .85). Additional findings showed that 23% of the treatments lacked initial goal setting according to the patients. Also, perceived lack of goal clarity was lower when treatment goals were established explicitly at the start of treatment, were formulated together with the therapist, and were discussed regularly during treatment, and treatment progress was monitored regularly. Moreover, patients reporting their goals as unclear also reported a poorer quality of the therapeutic alliance, higher symptom levels, increased need for future sessions, but also lower levels of care dependency. These findings underscore the importance of perceived goal clarity in psychological treatments, although the relation with actual goal setting remains uncertain.
Infant rats can acquire, but not retain contextual associations in object‐in‐context and contextual fear conditioning paradigms
Authors: Sanders Hollie R. , Heroux Nicholas A. , Stanton Mark E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractContext learning in postnatal day (PD) 16–18 rats has been taken by Revillo, Cotella, Paglini, and Arias (2015, Physiology & Behavior, 148, 6–21) to challenge the view that the ontogeny of contextual learning is related to the development of the hippocampal system (Rudy, 1993, Behavioral Neuroscience, 107(5), 887–891; Schiffino, Murawski, Rosen, & Stanton, 2011 Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 95(2), 190–198). Whether context learning is “incidental” or “reinforcement‐driven” may determine the ontogeny and neural systems involved (Rudy, 2009, Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.), 16, 573–585). However, we have shown differential ontogeny of two different forms of incidental context learning, the context pre‐exposure facilitation effect (CPFE; Jablonski, Schiffino, & Stanton, 2012, Developmental Psychobiology, 54(7), 714–722), which emerges between PD 17 and 21; and object‐in‐context recognition (OiC, Ramsaran, Westbrook, & Stanton, 2016, Developmental Psychobiology, 58(7), 883–895; Ramsaran, Sanders, & Stanton, 2016, Behavioural Brain Research, 298, 37–47), which is present on PD17. We investigated whether this task‐dissociation reflects an encoding or a retention deficit, by varying the sample‐to‐testing intervals for both tasks. Experiment 1A found that PD17 rats were able to perform the OiC task after short (5 min) but not long (24 hr) sample‐to‐test intervals. Experiments 1B and 1C found that PD17 rats trained on the CPFE are able to acquire and express context‐shock associations after short but not long retention intervals. These findings suggest that pre‐weanling rats encode contexts but show poor consolidation or retrieval after longer retention intervals.
Modularity and heterochrony in the evolution of the ceratopsian dinosaur frill
Authors: Prieto‐Márquez Albert , Garcia‐Porta Joan , Joshi Shantanu H. , Norell Mark A. , Makovicky Peter J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe fossil record provides compelling examples of heterochrony at macroevolutionary scales such as the peramorphic giant antlers of the Irish elk. Heterochrony has also been invoked in the evolution of the distinctive cranial frill of ceratopsian dinosaurs such as Triceratops. Although ceratopsian frills vary in size, shape, and ornamentation, quantitative analyses that would allow for testing hypotheses of heterochrony are lacking. Here, we use geometric morphometrics to examine frill shape variation across ceratopsian diversity and within four species preserving growth series. We then test whether the frill constitutes an evolvable module both across and within species, and compare growth trajectories of taxa with ontogenetic growth series to identify heterochronic processes. Evolution of the ceratopsian frill consisted primarily of progressive expansion of its caudal and caudolateral margins, with morphospace occupation following taxonomic groups. Although taphonomic distortion represents a complicating factor, our data support modularity both across and within species. Peramorphosis played an important role in frill evolution, with acceleration operating early in neoceratopsian evolution followed by progenesis in later diverging cornosaurian ceratopsians. Peramorphic evolution of the ceratopsian frill may have been facilitated by the decoupling of this structure from the jaw musculature, an inference that predicts an expansion of morphospace occupation and higher evolutionary rates among ceratopsids as indeed borne out by our data. However, denser sampling of the meager record of early‐diverging taxa is required to test this further.
Adaptation to monogamy influences parental care but not mating behavior in the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides
Authors: Schrader Matthew , Keller Madolin K. , Lucey Garrett F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe mating system is expected to have an important influence on the evolution of mating and parenting behaviors. Although many studies have used experimental evolution to examine how mating behaviors evolve under different mating systems, this approach has seldom been used to study the evolution of parental care. We used experimental evolution to test whether adaptation to different mating systems involves changes in mating and parenting behaviors in populations of the burying beetle, Nicrophorus vespilloides. We maintained populations under monogamy or promiscuity for six generations. This manipulation had an immediate impact on reproductive performance and adult survival. Compared to monogamy, promiscuity reduced brood size and adult (particularly male) survival during breeding. After six generations of experimental evolution, there was no divergence between monogamous and promiscuous populations in mating behaviors. Parents from the promiscuous populations (especially males) displayed less care than parents from the monogamous populations. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that male care will increase with the certainty of paternity. However, it appears that this change is not associated with a concurrent change in mating behaviors.