bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the effect size of an observed factor based on a multi-variate model for evaluating practical significance of differences between two groups of case-control design
Authors: Hui Liu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background To determine the effect size of an observed factor for a disease by using consistency in a cohort study (CRC) for evaluating practical significance of differences between two groups of case-control design. Methods A model of multiple pathogenic factors was established by analyzing the number and distribution of observed factors in a study population. The difference in the incidence between two groups (exposed and unexposed) was calculated according to the model as CRC. The relationship of Youden’s index and true and false-positive ratio (TFR) in case-control design were observed with CRC. Results The CRC was able to correctly reflect the number of factors combined in the models, and therefore, indicates that CRC is a reasonable indicator of effect size. Difference scores <0.25 indicate that one of four or more factors plays a role in a disease; scores >0.50 indicate one of two factors plays a role in disease and implies a high intensity level of the factor. TFR could correctly reflect CRC. Accordingly, a factor with an effect size (i.e., CRC) less than 6.0 should not be considered a clinically significant factor, even if the observed difference is statistically significant. Conclusions A CRC over 0.25 OR TFR over 6.0 is suggested as an indicator of a substantial effect size.
The use of hypnotics for primary insomnia in Saudi Arabia: a survey of patients’ experiences and perceptions
Authors: Dobia Ali , Ryan Kath , Abutaleb Mohammed , BaHammam Ahmed , Edwards Alexander 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the experiences and perceptions of Saudi patients with primary insomnia.Method: A cross-sectional design study (July 2019) using a self-administered questionnaire survey.Results: Sixty-eight patients with primary insomnia participated (53% male, 47% female; 60% were younger than 45 years and a majority had a university-degree education level). Of the respondents, 64.7% were dissatisfied with their knowledge of insomnia and 97% wanted more information about its treatment. Approximately 59% used prescribed sleep medicines from the first instance and only 6% were referred to a psychologist for counselling. Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs were prescribed for 16% and 19% of respondents, respectively. A majority of respondents were given antihistamines or over-the-counter herbs. While 60% of patients used medications for long periods, 87% were not involved in treatment decisions. For those on long-term use, 80% were not seen regularly by doctors and 93% were provided with no plan for medicine discontinuations. More than 60% of respondents said that sleeping pills were best for treating insomnia and 31% believed they are safe and would continue taking them. More than 45% would not prefer non-pharmacological treatments (e.g., counselling).Conclusions: Responses to the survey indicate a lack of knowledge about primary insomnia and its treatment among Saudi patients. Prescribing hypnotics is the most common treatment, non-pharmacological treatments are seldom used, and responses indicated inappropriate and long-term use of hypnotics. Patients should be better educated about insomnia and its treatment. Physicians should consider using non-pharmacological treatments and the Saudi Ministry of Health should develop country-specific guidelines.
Epidemiology, species distribution and outcome of nosocomial Candida spp. bloodstream infection in Shanghai — A retrospective of 11-year clinical analysis in a shanghai tertiary hospital
Authors: Zheng yanjun , Ting xie , Wu lin , Liu xiaoying , Zhu ling , Chen ying , Mao enqiang , Chen erzhen , Yang zhitao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Candida spp. are important opportunist pathogens causing bloodstream infections (BSIs). The present study aims to describe the current epidemiology of Candida BSI in a large Shanghai Tertiary-care Hospital from 2008 to 2018, and to identify the risk factors and the impact of antifungal therapy on clinical outcome.Methods: From January 2008 to December 2018, all consecutive patients who developed Candida BSI at Ruijin Hospital were enrolled. Underlying diseases, clinical severity, species distribution, antifungal therapy and its impact on the outcome were analyzed.Results: The incidence of nosocomial Candida BSI was 0.39 episodes/1000 hospitalized patients, and overall 30-day mortality rate was 28.5%. Among the 393 cases of Candida BSI, 299 cases (76.1%) received antifungal therapy. 247 received appropriate antifungal therapy, and 52 received delayed antifungal therapy (5 days after onset of Candida BSI). The 30-day mortality rate was significantly lower in those who received appropriate antifungal therapy or delayed antifungal therapy compared with those who did not receive antifungal therapy (25.5% and 23.1% vs. 39.4%，P=0.012 and P=0.046). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, age, chronic renal failure, mechanical ventilation, neutropenia were independent risk factors for the 30-day mortality rate, while antifungal therapy was a protective factor for short-term survival rate.Conclusion: The epidemiology of Candida BSI in Shanghai differed from that observed in Western countries. Antifungal therapy did influence the short-term survival, while there was no significant difference between the mortality for those who received appropriate antifungal therapy and for those who received delayed antifungal therapy.
Embryo incubation and assessment by time-lapse system versus conventional incubators in Chinese women with diminished ovarian re serve undergoing IVF/ICSI : a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Miaoxin , Wu Yuanyuan , Huang Xin , Li Wentao , Sun Chunyan , Meng Zhenzhen , Ai Ai , Hong Ling , Tang Chuanling , Li Kunming , Fu Yonglun , Chen Zhiqin , Kong Pengcheng , Guo Yi , Liu Wenqiang , Mol Ben W , Teng Xiaoming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Time-lapse imaging system (TLS) is a newly developed non-invasive embryo assessment system. Compared with conventional incubators, it provides stable culture condition and consistent observation of embryo development, thereby improving embryo quality and selection. In theory, these benefits could improve clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Although this system has been routinely used in many IVF centers globally, it remains unclear if the TLS results in higher cumulative live birth rate and high-quality evidence is warranted. The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of the TLS with conventional incubators in infertile diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) patients. Methods: This study is a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial (1:1 treatment ratio of TLS vs. conventional incubator). A total of 730 DOR patients undergoing the first or second cycle of IVF or ICSI will be enrolled and randomized into two parallel groups. Participants in group A will undergo embryo culture and selection in the TLS, and participants in group B will undergo embryo culture in the conventional incubators and embryo selection by the morphological characteristics. The primary outcome is the cumulative live birth rate of the trial IVF/ICSI cycle within 12 months after randomization. This study is powered to detect an absolute difference of 10% (35% vs 25%) at the significance level of 0.05 and 80% statistical power based on a two-sided test. Discussion: The results of this study will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of time-lapse system compared with conventional incubators in patients with DOR undergoing IVF/ICSI. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900027746. Registered on 24 Nov 2019.
Transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors abutting the sacroiliac joint: an MRI study in 128 patients
Authors: Ding Lei , Yin Junqiang , Zhang Fangling , Wang Yongqian , Zou Changye , Gao Zhen-hua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestation of transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors abutting the sacroiliac joint. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of MRI data in 128 patients from January 2004 to December 2015. The diagnosis confirmed by surgical findings and pathological examination. The tumors of 87 patients located in the ilium and 41 patients in the sacrum. Tumors were divided into high-grade (Group 1), low-grade (Group 2) malignant tumor group and intermediate tumor group (Group 3). Transarticular invasion routes included 3 types: across ligament (Type 1), across articular cartilage (Type 2) and across periarticular tissue (Type 3). Results : Transarticular invasion were observed in 33 patients (25.8%): Group 1 (22 patients) included 15 patients (51.7%) with conventional osteosarcoma and 7 patients (43.8%) with Ewing's sarcoma; Group 2(5 patients) included 4 patients (11.4%) with central chondrosarcoma and 1 patient (7.7%) with chordoma; Group 3(6 patients) included 4 patients (20.0%) with giant cell tumor of bone, 1 patient (16.7%) with chondroblastoma and 1 patient (11.1%) with aneurysmal bone cyst. The difference of transarticular invasion incidence was not significant statistically between primary iliac and sacral tumors ( P > 0.05). The differences were significant statistically between group 2 and group 1, group 3 and group 1, respectively ( P < 0.01). Significant differences were observed among different invasion types ( P < 0.01): type 1(31 times), type 2(15 times) and type 3(5 times). Conclusions: MRI is sensitive and useful to evaluate transarticular invasion of primary bone tumors abutting the sacroiliac joint.
Performance and microbial community of the CANON process in a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor with elevated COD/N ratios
Authors: Zhang Xiaoling , Liu Xincong , Zhang Meng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this study, the effects of elevated chemical oxygen demand/nitrogen (COD/N) ratios on nitrogen removal, production and composition of the extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and microbial community of a completely autotrophic nitrogen removal via nitrite (CANON) process were studied in a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR). The whole experiment was divided into two stages: the CANON stage (without organic matter in influent) and the simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification (SNAD) stage (with organic matter in influent). When the inflow ammonia nitrogen was 420 mg/L and the COD/N ratio was no higher than 0.8, the addition of COD was helpful to the CANON process; the total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNE) was improved from approximately 65% to more than 75%, and the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was improved from approximately 0.255 kgN/(m3·d) to approximately 0.278 kgN/(m3•d), while the TNE decreased to 60%, and the NRR decreased to 0.236 kgN/(m3•d) when the COD/N ratio was elevated to 1.0. For the EPS, the amounts of soluble EPS (SEPS) and loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) were both higher in the CANON stage than in the SNAD stage, while the amount of tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) in the SNAD stage was significantly higher due to the proliferation of heterotrophic bacteria. The metagenome sequencing technique was used to analyse the microbial community in the SBMBR. The results showed that the addition of COD altered the structure of the bacterial community in the SBMBR. The amounts of Candidatus ‘Anammoxoglobus’ of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AAOB) and Nitrosomonas of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) both decreased significantly, and Nitrospira of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was always in the reactor, although the amount changed slightly. A proliferation of denitrifiers related to the genera of Thauera, Dokdonella and Azospira was found in the SBMBR.
Bi-microbial Healthcare-Associate Endocarditis caused by Enterococcus faecalis and Burkholderia cepacia: A Case Report and literature review
Authors: Ghori Masood , Al Matrooshi Nadya O. , Al Jabbari Samir , Bafadel Ahmed , Bhatnagar Gopal 
Published: February 2020

:
Infective Endocarditis (IE), a known complication of hemodialysis (HD), has recently been categorized as Healthcare-Associated Infective Endocarditis (HAIE). Single pathogen bacteremia is common, polymicrobial endocardial infection is rare in this cohort of the patients. We report a case of endocarditis caused by Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia), a first ever reported combination of a usual and an unusual organism, respectively, in a patient on HD. Clinical presentation of the patient, its complicated course ,medical and surgical management ,along with microbial and echocardiographic findings is presented herein. The authors believe that presentation of this case of HAIE may benefit and contribute positively to cardiac science owing to the rare encounter of this organism as a pathogen in infective endocarditis and the difficulties in treating it.
Profesionalisme Pendidik Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Christianti Martha 
Published: February 2020

Pendidikan anak usia dini merupakan awal dari pendidikan yang lebih tinggi dan menjadi kunci dalam memperbaiki kualitas bangsa. Untuk mendapatkan hasil pembentukan anak yang berkualitas salah satunya didukung oleh pendidik yang profesional. Pendidik anak usia dini yang profesional memiliki ciri yaitu memiliki landasan keilmuan yang kuat tentang perkembangan anak dan belajar efektif, bersikap optimis dan memiliki pendekatan “aku bisa”, hangat dan memiliki empati, spontanitas dan fleksibel, memiliki keahlian dalam melakukan refleksi dan analisis, memiliki kemampuan untuk berkomuniksasi dengan banyak orang, memiliki kemampuan memimpin, bermain penuh dan mampu menciptakan kegiatan belajar yang menyenangkan, memiliki imajinasi dan kreativitas yang tinggi, mampu merancang program dan melaksanakan pembelajaran yang mengacu pada analisis kebutuhan anak, dan kemampuan untuk secara terus menerus mendokumentasikan serta melakukan penilaian pada perkembangan pada anak. Kata kunci: Profesionalisme, Anak Usia Dini
PELATIHAN BATIK JUMPROT DAN LAGU DOLANAN TRADISIONAL PADA KADER PAUD DI DESA DLINGGO BANTUL YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Pamungkas Joko 
Published: February 2020

Pelatihan pelatihan batik jumprot dan lagu dolanan tradisional dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan kader PAUD di wilayah Kecamatan dlinggo bantul yogyakarta sebanyak 64 peserta pada hari pertama dan 67 peserta pada hari kedua. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, dan demonstrasi serta praktek membuat batik jumput dan praktek menyanyi lagu dolanan tradisional. Kegiatan pelatihan dilaksanakan selama dua hari yaitu hari senin tanggal 8 juni 2015 dan hari kamis tanggal 11 juni 2015. Kegiatan ini terbagi ke dalam 2 kegiatan. Kegiatan pertama tentang pelatihan batik jumputan dilaksanakan di hari pertama, dan praktek lagu dolanan tradisioanl dilaksanakan di hari kedua. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan batik jumput dan lagu dolanan tradisional pada kader paud di kecamatan dlingo bantul Yogyakarta dapat dikatakan berhasil. Terbukti dari hasil proses kegiatan yang yang didukung semua pihak baik muspida, pamong paud serta masyarakat tempat pelatihan ,antosias para peserta yang cukup tinggi dalam mengikuti teori serta praktek materi pelatihan di dukung dengan banyaknya hasil produk batik jumputan yang dihasilkan dari peserta Kata Kunci: Jumprot, Dlinggo
Understanding Weight Loss via Online Discussions: Content Analysis of Reddit Posts Using Topic Modeling and Word Clustering Techniques
Authors: Liu Yang , Yin Zhijun 
Published: February 2020

Background
Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce the risk of developing many diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and certain types of cancers. Online social media platforms are popular among people seeking social support regarding weight loss and sharing their weight loss experiences, which provides opportunities for learning about weight loss behaviors.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the extent to which the content posted by users in the r/loseit subreddit, an online community for discussing weight loss, and online interactions were associated with their weight loss in terms of the number of replies and votes that these users received.

Methods
All posts that were published before January 2018 in r/loseit were collected. We focused on users who revealed their start weight, current weight, and goal weight and were active in this online community for at least 30 days. A topic modeling technique and a hierarchical clustering algorithm were used to obtain both global topics and local word semantic clusters. Finally, we used a regression model to learn the association between weight loss and topics, word semantic clusters, and online interactions.

Results
Our data comprised 477,904 posts that were published by 7660 users within a span of 7 years. We identified 25 topics, including food and drinks, calories, exercises, family members and friends, and communication. Our results showed that the start weight (β=.823; P<.001), active days (β=.017; P=.009), and median number of votes (β=.263; P=.02), mentions of exercises (β=.145; P<.001), and nutrition (β=.120; P<.001) were associated with higher weight loss. Users who lost more weight might be motivated by the negative emotions (β=−.098; P<.001) that they experienced before starting the journey of weight loss. In contrast, users who mentioned vacations (β=−.108; P=.005) and payments (β=−.112; P=.001) tended to experience relatively less weight loss. Mentions of family members (β=−.031; P=.03) and employment status (β=−.041; P=.03) were associated with less weight loss as well.

Conclusions
Our study showed that both online interactions and offline activities were associated with weight loss, suggesting that future interventions based on existing online platforms should focus on both aspects. Our findings suggest that online personal health data can be used to learn about health-related behaviors effectively.
Locus of control: Upaya untuk menurunkan social loafing
Authors: Sumantri M. Arief , Pratiwi Iqlima 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh locus of control, baik secara internal maupun eksternal terhadap social loafing dalam penyelesaian tugas kelompok. Social loafing merupakan fenomena menurunnya performansi (upaya/usaha) individu didalam pengerjaan tugas berbasis kelompok, hal yang tentu saja akan berdampak pada kinerja serta kepuasan kelompok. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan non-probability sampling dengan teknik accidental sampling pada populasi mahasiswa jurusan kependidikan (calon guru), dengan jumlah keseluruhan partisipan sebanyak 147 mahasiswa (45 tryout skala, 102 uji hipotesis). Pengukuran tiap variabel memodifikasi konstruk skala dari penelitian sebelumnya, yang merujuk pada Levenson untuk locus of control dan Latane untuk social loafing. Pengumpulan data menggunakan skala psikologis dalam bentuk kuesioner, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi linier untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh locus of control baik secara internal maupun eksternal terhadap sosial loafing. Locus of control internal dalam penelitian ini terbukti mampu menurunkan social loafing (sig. 0,000), dengan Nilai R Square (kontribusi pengaruh) pada tabel koefisien determinasi senilai 0,211 atau sebesar 21,1%, sedangkan Locus of control eksternal tidak memberikan kontribusi pengaruh sama sekali. Kata Kunci: Social Loafing, Locus of control, Tugas KelompokAbstract: This study uses a quantitative approach, intended to determine the effect of locus of control, both internally and externally on social loafing in completing group assignments. Social loafing is a phenomenon of decreasing individual performance (effort) in group-based assignments, thing which of course will have an impact on group performance and satisfaction. Sampling in this study used accidental sampling on population college students of education majors (prospective teachers), with the total number of participants as many as 147 college students (45 scale tests, 102 hypothesis tests). The measurement of each variable modifies the scale construct from previous research, which refers to Levenson for locus of control and Latane for social loafing. Data collection uses a psychological scale in the form of a questionnaire, analyzed using linear regression tests to determine how much influence locus of control both internally and externally on social loafing. Internal locus of control in this study proved to be able to reduce social loafing (sig. 0,000), with R Square Value (influence contribution) in the coefficient of determination table worth 0.211 or 21.1%, while external Locus of control did not contribute influence at all.Keywords: Social Loafing, Locus of control, Group Tasks
Pengaruh psikoedukasi mindfulness singkat pada kemampuan regulasi emosi mahasiswa
Authors: Islamiyah Achaddiana , Sismawati Mei , Kaaloeti Dian Veronika Sakti 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian psikoedukasi singkat mengenai mindfulness terhadap kemampuan regulasi emosi pada mahasiswa baru Universitas Diponegoro. Transisi menuju kehidupan perkuliahan adalah masa yang penuh tekanan. Sehingga diperlukan keterampilan psikologis untuk beradaptasi dengan baik. Salah satunya adalah regulasi emosi. Sebanyak 5 partisipan termasuk 2 laki-laki dan 3 perempuan mahasiswa baru dari beberapa fakultas di lingkungan Universitas Diponegoro direkrut dan diberikan edukasi mengenai mindfulness selama 1 minggu. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain satu kelompok pretest dan posttest, dengan menggunakan dua skala untuk mengukur perubahan dalam regulasi emosi dan kesadaran. Uji wilcoxon signed rank dan statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk mengevaluasi efek perlakuan yang diberikan. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan di antara kemampuan regulasi emoi (p=0,0025) dan kesadaran (p=0,680). Tetapi perbandingan rata-rata menunjukkan adanya sedikit peningkatan. Implikasi dari temuan ini akan didiskusikan.Kata kunci: adaptasi, mahasiswa baru, mindfulness, regulasi emosi Abstract. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of brief mindfulness psychological education to emotional regulation skill of first-year student of Diponegoro University. Transition to university life is a stressful period. Therefore, in order to successfully adapt, there are some psychological skills that need to be developed. One of them is emotional regulation. This study is a quasi-experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. Five participant included 2 male and 3 female of first-year student from varieties of faculty at Diponegoro University were recruited and given the psychological education of mindfulness in one week span. Two scale were used to measure the changes in emotional regulation and mindful-state. Wilcoxon signed rank test and statistic descriptive were used to evaluate the effect. The statistical analysis revealed that there were no significant difference in both emotional regulation skills (p=0,225) and mindful-state (p=0,680). But, mean comparison suggested that there were slightly increase. The implication of this finding are discussed. Keyword: adaptation, emotional regulation, first-year university student, mindfulness