bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complementary feeding patterns of Filipino infants and toddlers lack diversity, especially among children from poor households
Authors: Jacquier Emma F , Angeles-Agdeppa Imelda , Lenighan Yvonne , Toledo Marvin B , Capanzana Mario V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Consumption of nutritionally adequate complementary foods is essential for optimal growth and development of infants and toddlers, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study was to describe percentages of consumption, energy contribution (6-23.9mo), and usual nutrient intakes (12-23.9mo) from complementary foods among Filipino infants and toddlers stratified by household wealth. Data from 1087 infants and toddlers from the 2013 National Nutrition Survey were included. Dietary intake data was assessed using a 24Hr recall and population food intakes were stratified into pre-defined wealth categories. Breast milk, infant formula, powdered milk and rice were the most commonly consumed foods and beverages across the age groups. Several differences in complementary feeding by wealth status were observed. Infants and toddlers from poor households reported significantly greater consumption of human milk, in comparison to those from the rich households who reported a significantly greater consumption of infant/toddler formula (P>0.05). A higher percentage of toddlers from rich households consumed protein-containing foods, cookies and cakes. There was no difference in fruit and vegetable consumption between wealth groups in 6-11.9mo and 18-23.9mo children. Human milk and formula were the top contributors to energy in 6.11.9mo and 12-17.9mo children, while rice was the top energy contributor in 18-23.9mo children. Intakes of protein, fat, vitamin C, B vitamins, vitamin D, vitamin E, iron and calcium were higher in 12-23.9mo children from rich households. Interventions are required to enable caregivers of young Filipino children to provide complementary foods of high nutritional quality, particularly among children from the poor households.
Analysis of Coping Ability and Mental Health of Medical Staff on COVID-19 in Henan, China
Authors: Cui Songyang , Yin Lei , Shi Yuanyuan , Fan Mengying , Yang Xiu , Zhang Lulu , Li Linlin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds Outbreak of COVID-19 imposed great pressure on the professional work and psychological health of medical staff, especially in the early stage. This study aims to assess the coping ability and mental health status of medical workers and find influencing factors on them during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical staff in Henan from January 29th to February 4th with a total of 1739 participates. A self-made questionnaire was used to evaluate their coping ability and mental health status (Both total score 110). Chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify influencing factors on them. Results The majority of the participants (96.8%) had coping ability scores (Median, 81; IQR, 75~87) above the passing line, most (65.0%) were in normal mental health (median, 58; IQR, 44~68). Analyses showed that older age, higher education level, and distrust in unofficial information were facilitating factors for better copying ability among medical workers. For mental health status, medical workers had 3 promoting factors: older age, distrust of unofficial information, and non-participation in epidemic prevention and control. On the other hand, poor physical health was a risk factor. (P<0.05) Conclusions In early stage of the epidemic, medical staff in Henan performed well in coping ability and mental health, but the government still needs to pay more attention to the coping capacity and mental health of medical workers who are younger, less educated, blind to unofficial information and in poor physical condition who may have worse coping ability and mental health status. And other studies are needed to determine the follow-up status.
Self-poisoning with pesticides in Jiangsu Province, China: a cross-sectional study on 24,602 subjects
Authors: Wang Boshen , Han Lei , Wen Jinbo , Zhang Juan , Zhu Baoli 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: With an estimated >800,000 suicide-related deaths and potentially several attempts for each death in the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of self-poisoning with pesticides within the Jiangsu province in China.
Methods: Suicide rate was calculated the Routine Surveillance System by Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, stratified by gender, age and region, combined with socioeconomic and agriculture-related factors to investigate trends in suicide over the study period. A logistic regression model was used to investigate the associations between pesticide types and pesticide-related deaths.
Results: In recent years, Jiangsu Province has witnessed a decrease in pesticide self-poisoning cases and consequent deaths. Among all suicides by deliberate ingestion of pesticides, the proportion of cases were mainly in the age 40, accounting for 3.43% of all cases with pesticide suicide. The proportion of suicide due to pesticide poisoning in females was markedly higher than that in males ( p <0.001). Suicide using organophosphate and carbamate insecticides was most common, with 10,303 reported cases accounting for 42.02% of all suicides.
Conclusions: For national responses to be effective, the characteristics of pesticide suicides should be comprehensively investigated for the formulation of corresponding prevention strategies. At present, more pesticide suicide prevention policies for the elderly people and women should be implemented, and stronger pesticide management policies should be implemented for rural areas.
Ketamine-propofol (Ketofol) on Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Foo Tze Yong , Noor Norhayati Mohd , Yazid Mohd Boniami , Fauzi Mohd Hashairi , Wahab Shaik Farid Abdull , Ahmad Mohammad Zikri 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives This review is to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of ketofol in comparison to other anesthetic agents during procedural sedation and analgesia.Method The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1996 to Feb 2019) and MEDLINE (1966 to Feb 2019) were searched, including the reference list of related randomized control trials and reviewed articles to find unpublished trials or trials not identified by electronic searches. Included criteria specifically comparing recovery time, clinician satisfaction, and adverse effect of ketofol.Results Eleven trials that met our criteria were included in the analysis with total 1274 patients. Five trials compared with single agent; six trials compared with combined agents. For comparison between ketofol and single agent (ketamine or propofol), ketofol shows significant effect on recovery time (MD -9.88, 95% CI: -14.30 to -5.46; P=0.0003; I2 = 92%) but no difference when compared to combined agents (RR 0.75, 95% CI: -6.24 to 7.74; P<0.001; I2 = 98%). In single agent comparison, ketofol show no differences in clinician satisfaction (RR 2.86, 95% CI: 0.64 to 12.69; P=0.001; I2 = 90%), airway obstruction (RR 0.72, 95% CI: 0.35 to 11.48; P=0.81; I2 = 0%), apnea (RR 0.9, 95% CI: 0.33 to 2.44; P=0.88; I2 = 0%), desaturation (RR 1.11, 95% CI: 0.64 to 1.94; P=0.28; I2 = 21%), nausea (RR 0.52, 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.41; P=0.2; I2 = 38%) and vomiting (RR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.25 to 1.61; P=0.18; I2 = 42%). For comparison between ketofol and combined agents, ketofol is effective in reducing hypotension (RR 4.2, 95% CI: 0.2 to 0.85; P=0.76; I2 = 0%) but no differences in bradycardia (RR 0.70, 95% CI: 0.14 to 03.63; P=0.09; I2 = 53%), desaturation (RR 1.9, 95% CI: 0.15 to 23.6; P=0.11; I2 = 61%) and respiratory depression (RR 1.98, 95% CI: 0.18 to 21.94; P=0.12; I2 = 59%).Conclusions There is low certainty evidence that ketofol improves the recovery time and reduces the frequency of hypotension with moderate certainty of evidence. There is no difference in other adverse effects when compared to either single or combined agents.
Resection of a retroperitoneal cancer of unknown primary site after chemoradiation therapy: a case report
Authors: Suetsugu Tomonari , Matsuhashi Nobuhisa , Tsuchiya Hiroshi , Takahashi Takao , Fukada Masahiro , Tanaka Hideharu , Iwata Yoshinori , Yasufuku Itaru , Sato Yuta , Imai Takeharu , Imai Hisashi , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Okumura Naoki , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Yoshida Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Complete recovery from retroperitoneal squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary site treated by multidisciplinary therapy is extremely rare.

Case presentation: A 78-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to a mass measuring 8 cm in size in the left pelvic retroperitoneal area, which was diagnosed as a cancer of unknown primary site. The pathological type was squamous cell carcinoma. The left iliac artery/vein and ureter were involved in the tumor, and the tumor caused severe left leg pain. Although inflammation and symptoms were severe, palliative radiotherapy was considered. After that, biweekly combined therapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil was planned. After 5 courses of chemotherapy, the tumor diameter reduced from 11.6 cm to 4 cm in size. In addition, the border between the iliac vessels, urinary tract and tumor became apparent. The patient underwent radical resection of the tumor 8 months after the treatment started. The left ureter and the external/internal iliac artery were preserved, but the external iliac vein was sacrificed because of the possibility of tumor invasion. The postoperative course was free of complications, and the patient was discharged 10 days after the operation. The histopathological findings showed no residual viable tumor cells or foreign body-type giant cells with necrosis. The pathological effect of chemotherapy was defined as Grade 3 (pathological complete response). The patient has experienced no recurrence or distant metastasis for 4 years.

Conclusions: Multidisciplinary therapy succeeded in treating a retroperitoneal squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary site with preservation of organ function.
Low serum parathyroid hormone is a risk factor for peritonitis episodes in incident peritoneal dialysis patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Yuqi , Da Jingjing , Jiang Yi , Yuan Jing , Zha Yan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Backgroud : Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels have been reported to be associated with infectious mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Peritonitis is the most common and fatal infectious complication, resulting in technique failure, hospital admission and mortality. Whether PTH is associated with peritonitis episodes remains unclear. Methods : We examined the association of PTH levels and peritonitis incidence in a 7-year cohort of 270 incident PD patients who were maintained on dialysis between January 2012 and December 2018 using Cox proportional hazard regression analyses. Patients were categorized into three groups by serum PTH levels as follows: low-PTH group, PTH<150pg/mL; middle-PTH group, PTH=150-300pg/mL; high-PTH group, PTH>300pg/mL. Results : During a median follow-up of 29.5 (interquartile range 16-49) months, the incidence rate of peritonitis was 0.10 episodes per patient-year. Low PTH levels were associated with older age, higher calcium levels and lower alkaline phosphatase levels. After multivariate adjustment, lower PTH levels were identified as an independent risk factor for peritonitis episodes [hazard ratio 1.643, 95% confidence interval 1.014-2.663, P=0.044]. Conclusions: Low PTH levels are independently associated with peritonitis in incident PD patients.
Extraction, Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Property, and In-vitro Anticancer Activity of Silymarin from Silybum marianum on Kb and A549 Cell Lines
Authors: Azadpour Mojgan , Farajollahi Mohammad Morad , Varzi Ali Mohammad , Hashemzadeh Pejman , Mahmoudvand Hossein , Barati Mitra 
Published: August 2020

Introduction:This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant property of Silymarin (SM) extracted from the seed of Silybum marianum and its anticancer activity on KB and A549 cell lines following 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment.Methods:Ten grams of powdered S. marianum seeds were defatted using n-hexane for 6 hours and then extracted by methanol. The Silymarin extracted of extraction components. The extracted components of Silymarin were measured by spectrophotometric assay and HPLC analysis. 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, phenol content, total flavonoid content, and total antioxidant capacity were measured to detect the antioxidant properties of SM. The anticancer activity of the SM on cell lines evaluated by MTT.Results:In HPLC analysis, more than 50% of the peaks were related to silybin A and B. SM was reduced DPPH (the stable free radical) with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 6.56 μg/ ml in comparison with butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT), which indicated an IC50 of ~3.9 μg/ ml. The cytotoxicity effect of SM on the cell lines was studied by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity effect of the extracted Silymarin on KB and A549 cell lines was observed up to 80 and 70% at 156 and 78 μg/ml, respectively. The IC50 value of the extracted SM on KB and A549 cell lines after 24 hours of treatment was seen at 555 and 511 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion:Due to the good antioxidant and anticancer properties of the isolated Silymarin, its use as an anticancer drug is suggested.
A New Series of 1,3-Dimethylxanthine Based Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonists as a Non-Dopaminergic Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Rohilla Suman , Bansal Ranju , Chauhan Puneet , Kachler Sonja , Klotz Karl-Norbert 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Adenosine receptors (AR) have emerged as competent and innovative nondopaminergic
targets for the development of potential drug candidates and thus constitute an effective
and safer treatment approach for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Xanthine derivatives are considered
as potential candidates for the treatment Parkinson’s disease due to their potent A2A AR antagonistic
properties.

Objective:
The objectives of the work are to study the impact of substituting N7-position of 8-m/pchloropropoxyphenylxanthine
structure on in vitro binding affinity of compounds with various AR
subtypes, in vivo antiparkinsonian activity and binding modes of newly synthesized xanthines with
A2A AR in molecular docking studies.

Methods:
Several new 7-substituted 8-m/p-chloropropoxyphenylxanthine analogues have been prepared.
Adenosine receptor binding assays were performed to study the binding interactions with
various subtypes and perphenazine induced rat catatonia model was used for antiparkinsonian activity.
Molecular docking studies were performed using Schrödinger molecular modeling interface.

Results:
8-para-substituted xanthine 9b bearing an N7-propyl substituent displayed the highest
affinity towards A2A AR (Ki = 0.75 μM) with moderate selectivity versus other AR subtypes. 7-Propargyl
analogue 9d produced significantly long-lasting antiparkinsonian effects and also produced
potent and selective binding affinity towards A2A AR. In silico docking studies further highlighted
the crucial structural components required to develop xanthine derived potential A2A AR ligands as
antiparkinsonian agents.

Conclusion:
A new series of 7-substituted 8-m/p-chloropropoxyphenylxanthines having good
affinity for A2A AR and potent antiparkinsonian activity has been developed.
Synthesis and Anti-HCV Activities of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Derivatives
and Their In-Silico ADMET Analysis
Authors: Zhang Kai-Xia , Wang Peng-Ru , Chen Fei , Qian Xi-Jing , Jia Lin , Liu Xiao-Juan , Li Lin , Jin Yong-Sheng 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Licorice is widely used as a hepatoprotective herb for thousands of years in Traditional Chinese
Medicine, and its main chemical constituent glycyrrhizin (GL) is used as a treatment for chronic hepatitis in Japan for over
20 years. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is the main active metabolite of GL.

Objective:
Series of GA derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their anti-HCV activities were screened to
investigate structure-activity relationship (SAR). Besides, their in-silico ADMET properties were analyzed to search for
promising lead compound for further identification of anti-HCV terpenoid candidate.

Methods:
GA derivatives were synthesized via reactions of oxidation, oxime, rearrangement, esterification and acylation,
etc. In vitro anti-HCV activity of derivatives was tested on the HCV cell culture (HCVcc) system. In-silico ADMET
properties analysis were performed via “pkCSM” and “SwissADME” platforms.

Results:
Eighteen GA derivatives were synthesized and their structures were confirmed by MS and NMR spectrums. All
compounds exhibited superior HCV inhibitory activity to that of GA. Compound 2 possessed the most potent anti-HCV
activity with IC50 value of 0.79 μM, which is nearly 58 times potent than SA (a previously reported potent anti-HCV
terpenoids) and >200 times than GA. SAR revealed the introduction of 3-oxo, short-chain (C1-C3) aliphatic alcohols or
cyclic aliphatic amines is conducive to improving anti-HCV activity. In-silico ADMET prediction demonstrated most of
the potent compounds possessed favorable ADMET properties.

Conclusion:
Structural modification of GA at 3-position and 30-position is an effective approach to searching for potent
anti-HCV agents. Compound 2, with the most potent anti-HCV activity and favorable in-silico ADMET properties, is a
promising lead compound for further identification of anti-HCV terpenoid candidate.
CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDENTS’ ABDUCTIVE REASONING IN SOLVING ALGEBRA PROBLEMS
Authors: Hidayah Indriati Nurul , Sa'dijah Cholis , Subanji Subanji , Sudirman Sudirman 
Published: August 2020

When students solve an algebra problem, students try to deduce the facts in the problem. This step is imperative, students can draw conclusions from the facts and devise a plan to solve the problem. Drawing conclusions from facts is called reasoning. Some kinds of reasoning are deductive, inductive, and abductive. This article explores the characteristics of some types of abductive reasoning used by mathematics education students in problem-solving related to using facts on the problems. Fifty-eight students were asked to solve an algebra problem. It was found that the student’s solutions could be grouped into four types of abductive reasoning. From each group, one student was interviewed to have more details on the types. First, the creative conjectures type, the students can solve the problems and develop new ideas related to the problems; second, fact optimization type, the students make conjecture of the answer, then confirm it by deductive reasoning; third, factual error type, students use facts outside of the problems to solve it, but the facts are wrong; and fourth, mistaken fact type, the students assume the questionable thing as a given fact. Therefore, teachers should encourage the students to use creative conjectures and fact optimization when learning mathematics.
Entomological and Virological Methods for the Identification of Potential Vectors of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus in the South-Eastern Part of Northern Caucasus, Russia
Authors: Glazunova Anastasija Aleksandrovna , Sevskikh Timofey Aleksandrovich , Kustikova Olga Viktorovna , Dresvjannikova Svetlana Georgievna , Usadov Timur Ravilevich , Dzhailidi Georgij Anastasovich , Debeljak Zoran , Lunina Daria Aleksandrovna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article provides assessment of field and laboratory methods for the collection and evaluation of potential vectors of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) in one of the districts of Krasnodarskiy Kray in southern Russia. In this study, we tested several methods of vector collection and a PCR protocol for the detection of the LSDV genome in insects. Descriptive data on samples were collected using a free web-based application Epicollect5.
Potential LSDV vectors are quite widely spread insects in this region. We identified 15 insect species, including Musca domestica, Musca autumnalis and Stomoxys calcitrans. Analysis of the insect population showed an increase in species diversity and a decrease in abundance of the insect population by the end of the flight season.
PCR tests did not detect LSDV genome in the collected samples. All the methods tested were found suitable for large-scale monitoring of lumpy skin disease (LSD). Further studies on potential risk factors of LSD spread are necessary to improve measures on preventing and eliminating the disease.
Endo-perio lesions: diagnosis and interdisciplinary treatment options
Authors: Dakó Timea , Lazăr Ana Petra , Bică Cristina Ioana , Lazăr Luminița 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
About 50% of tooth loss is caused by either endodontic infection, periodontal disease or the combination of the two in the form on endo-perio lesions (EPL). Combined EPL develop due to the intimate anatomic and functional relation between endodontic and periodontal tissues. Both the pulp and periodontium share the same embryologic and anatomic origin. The various pathways connecting the two, added up to the extremely alike microorganisms in both illnesses’ etiology, create a complex condition in which interdisciplinary approach is required. Despite numerous decades of literature describing these lesions, they remain a continuous challenge for practitioners in both diagnosing and managing. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive review of various aspects of the combined EPL and to emphasize the importance of making a correct diagnosis and adopting the appropriate treatment method in the management of these challenging situations.
In vitro study about the abutment axial wall’s convergence
Authors: Cerghizan Diana , Crăciun Adriana , Albu Aurița , Baloș Monica , Jánosi Kinga Mária 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The total convergence of the axial walls is the angle made between the opposing axial walls of an abutment. The lower the taper value, the better the retention of the crowns is. Obtaining a proper convergence of the axial wall is a challenge for dental practitioners due to limited access and low visibility, but it also greatly depends on the clinician’s practical skills.
This study aims to compare the total convergence of axial walls obtained after tooth preparation done by different experience practitioners in various positions of the patient and different working time (different days of the week, various parts of the day).
Materials and methods: To perform this study, 40 acrylate model teeth have been prepared by two last year dental students and two prosthetists. All of them performed two teeth preparations per day in every working day of a week. All the prepared teeth have been photographed, and digitally measured.
Results: The extremely statistically significant difference was found in the two beginners’ case, the values of the second beginner being much higher, as in the two experienced operators, where the values are higher for the second prosthetist.
Conclusion: The total convergence of the axial wall did not depend on the operators’ experience or education level.