bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Synthesis of (−)‐Glaucocalyxin A
Authors: Guo Jiuzhou , Li Bo , Ma Weihao , Pitchakuntla Mallesham , Jia Yanxing 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA practically useful method for the formation of the highly oxygenated bicyclo[3.2.1]octane ring system through Mn(OAc)3‐mediated radical cyclization of alkynyl ketones was developed, which opens up a new avenue for the total synthesis of a number of highly oxidized diterpenoids. Application of this method enabled the first total synthesis of (−)‐glaucocalyxin A. Other salient features of the synthesis include a highly enantioselective conjugate addition/acylation cascade reaction, a Yamamoto aldol reaction, and an intramolecular Diels–Alder reaction to assemble the A/B ring system.
Investigation of the evolution of damage and permeability of coal containing gas based on acoustic emission characteristics
Authors: Liu Xingguang , Zhou Rui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe gas permeability of a coal seam was the main factor determining the efficiency of gas extraction from the mines and was closely related to the coal damages. In this paper, a triaxial compression failure test of the raw coal was carried out in the gas seepage state using the MTS 815 rock mechanics testing system. The damage evolution law of the coal containing gas under triaxial compression was studied based on acoustic emission characteristics. The damage evolution parameters were determined using acoustic emission signals, and the relationship between the permeability and damage evolution of the coal containing gas was quantitatively analyzed. The results demonstrated that the acoustic emission signals could reflect the development of the damage and failure inside the coal, and the turning point of the acoustic emission characteristic curve marked different damage development stages. The periodic changes in the permeability of the coal samples were consistent with the damage change law, and some lag existed in permeability changes compared with damage evolution. The permeability of the coal containing gas saw a stepwise exponential growth with the damage development. The piecewise exponential function better reflected the relationship between the gas permeability and damage variables.
Investigation of the inner structure of gas–liquid flow in airlift pumps by laser‐high speed visualization technology
Authors: Wang Zhineng , Jin Yongping , Huang Fei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExperiments were conducted to investigate the inner structure of gas–liquid flow in airlift pumps by a laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system and a laser‐high speed photography. The measured central plane of the riser pipe was illustrated by a laser device, and the corresponding gas–liquid flow in this plane was recorded by a high speed camera. The results showed it was the wispy annular flow, rather than the annular flow, dominated the pump performance under a high gas flow rate. This wispy annular had a thick film with a maximal value 0.2 times of pipe diameter, and it kept pump working with a high output liquid flow rate at large gas flow rates. Moreover, new flow regime maps were presented with a function of accurately estimating the flow regime transition and presenting the airlift pump performance.
Contributions of Indonesian Throughflow to eastern Indian Ocean surface variability during ENSO events
Authors: Jin Xiaolin , Wright Jonathon S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe contribution of ocean transport to the transition between the Indian Ocean Dipole mode (IOD) and the Indian Ocean Basin mode (IOB) during El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) years is investigated using reanalysis products. Composite analysis suggests that the IOD–IOB transition is robust among ENSO years, with variations in the eastern Indian Ocean mixed layer playing a key role. Although this transition has typically been attributed to changes in surface heat flux in the eastern Indian Ocean, our results suggest that approximately one third of the mixed layer temperature tendency during the transition results from anomalous ocean heat transport. Enhanced surface heat flux anomalies and oceanic advection starting from October during El Niño developing years combine to warm the eastern Indian Ocean, promoting the decay of the positive IOD cold tongue and the emergence of a positive IOB pattern. The contribution of ocean advection to the IOD—IOB transition is dominated by the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), which accounts for around 70–80% of total ocean advection contribution in the southeastern Indian Ocean (20–25% of the total warming tendency). These variations in ITF heat transport arise in large part from local wind anomalies. Southeasterly wind anomalies along the northeastern edge of an anomalous Indian Ocean anticyclone associated with El Niño intensify surface‐layer heat transport into the Indian Ocean in the ITF outflow region. This change in surface transport contrasts with total ITF transport anomalies during El Niño years, as total transport is dominated by negative subsurface transport anomalies.
Biosynthesis of bioactive tamarixetin in recombinant Escherichia coli
Authors: Darsandhari Sumangala , Dhakal Dipesh , Shrestha Biplav , Lee Sanghun , Jung Narae , Jung Hye Jin , Sohng Jae Kyung 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTamarixetin, a monomethylated derivative of quercetin, has been reported to possess many important biological activities. In the present study, a whole cell biotransformation system was used for regiospecific methylation of quercetin to produce 4′‐O‐methylated quercetin (tamarixetin) using methyltransferase from Streptomyces sp. KCTC 0041BP in Escherichia coli Bl21 (DE3). Its production was enhanced by adding a plasmid containing S‐adenosine‐l‐methionine (SAM) synthase from E. coli K12 (MetK) with subsequent feeding of l‐methionine and glycerol in the culture. The best condition produced ∼279 μM (88.2 mg/L) of tamarixetin. The biological activity of tamarixetin was tested and compared with quercetin, 7‐O‐methylated quercetin, and 3‐O‐methylated quercetin. Results showed that the growth of all tested cancer cell lines (AGS, B16F10, C6, and HeLa) were inhibited by tamarixetin more effectively than other methylated derivatives of quercetin or quercetin. Tamarixetin also exhibited the best antimelanogenic activity among all compounds tested.
Paternal exposure to recreational drugs before conception and its effect on live‐born offspring: A scoping review
Authors: Verstegen Ruud H.J. , Wang Guo , Langenberg‐Ververgaert Karin P.S. , Ren Lily Yuxi , Nulman Irena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundMen of reproductive age increasingly use recreational drugs. While many of these substances may reduce the quantity and quality of sperm, less is known about the effects of these exposures on their offspring. We performed a scoping review to summarize the available literature and identify areas for future research on the outcome of live‐born offspring of fathers who were exposed to recreational drugs before conception.MethodsA systematic search was conducted of the Medline, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, which included keywords for the following substances: cannabis‐related products, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens, ecstasy and amphetamines. In total, 2,983 records were screened, and 129 publications were selected for full‐text assessment. Publications were included if (a) the timing of exposure included the preconceptional period, and (b) if outcomes in live‐born offspring were compared with an unexposed group.ResultsWe included 30 publications, of which 15 animal studies and 15 human studies. Animal studies showed neurocognitive abnormalities, in particular in male offspring. Interestingly, these outcomes depend significantly on the method of exposure (i.e., fixed‐dose administration vs. variable self‐administration, which mimics addiction). Human studies were limited to specific congenital malformations and childhood cancers, which showed small increased odds ratios.ConclusionsWhile animal studies describe impaired neurocognitive outcomes following paternal exposure to recreational drugs, data in humans is currently lacking. Human studies require sound methodology in order to confirm findings on congenital malformations and childhood cancers. In addition, future neurocognitive studies require parental neurocognitive assessments to correct for confounding effects (i.e., role of genetics).
Variations in maternal vitamin A intake modifies phenotypes in a mouse model of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Yitsege Gelila , Stokes Bethany A. , Sabatino Julia A. , Sugrue Kelsey F. , Banyai Gabor , Paronett Elizabeth M. , Karpinski Beverly A. , Maynard Thomas M. , LaMantia Anthony‐S. , Zohn Irene E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundVitamin A regulates patterning of the pharyngeal arches, cranial nerves, and hindbrain that are essential for feeding and swallowing. In the LgDel mouse model of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), morphogenesis of multiple structures involved in feeding and swallowing are dysmorphic. We asked whether changes in maternal dietary Vitamin A intake can modify cranial nerve, hindbrain and pharyngeal arch artery development in the embryo as well as lung pathology that can be a sign of aspiration dysphagia in LgDel pups.MethodsThree defined amounts of vitamin A (4, 10, and 16 IU/g) were provided in the maternal diet. Cranial nerve, hindbrain and pharyngeal arch artery development was evaluated in embryos and inflammation in the lungs of pups to determine the impact of altering maternal diet on these phenotypes.ResultsReduced maternal vitamin A intake improved whereas increased intake exacerbated lung inflammation in LgDel pups. These changes were accompanied by increased incidence and/or severity of pharyngeal arch artery and cranial nerve V (CN V) abnormalities in LgDel embryos as well as altered expression of Cyp26b1 in the hindbrain.ConclusionsOur studies demonstrate that variations in maternal vitamin A intake can influence the incidence and severity of phenotypes in a mouse model 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder clinical trial for percutaneous closure of the patent ductus arteriosus in patients ≥700 grams
Authors: Sathanandam Shyam K. , Gutfinger Dan , O'Brien Laura , Forbes Thomas J. , Gillespie Matthew J. , Berman Darren P. , Armstrong Aimee K. , Shahanavaz Shabana , Jones Thomas K. , Morray Brian H. , Rockefeller Toby A. , Justino Henri , Nykanen David G. , Zahn Evan M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesCharacterize the safety and effectiveness of the Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure.BackgroundThe presence of a hemodynamically significant PDA has been associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in children born premature.MethodsThis was a single arm, prospective, multicenter, non‐randomized study to evaluate the Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder to treat PDA in patients ≥700 g. From June 2017 to February 2019, 200 patients were enrolled at nine centers, with 100 patients weighing ≤2 kg. Primary effectiveness endpoint was the rate of PDA closure at 6‐month follow‐up. Primary safety endpoint was the rate of major complications through 6 months. Secondary endpoint was rate of significant pulmonary or aortic obstruction through 6 months' follow‐up.ResultsThe implant success rate was 95.5% (191/200) overall and 99% in patients ≤2 kg (99/100). The primary effectiveness endpoint was achieved in 99.4% of implanted patients. Four patients experienced a primary safety endpoint event (2 transfusions, 1 hemolysis, and 1 aortic obstruction). There were no branch pulmonary artery obstructions. Five patients, all ≤2 kg, were noted to have worsening of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after the procedure. None of the TR incidences manifested clinically. The Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder received FDA approval in January 2019 and became the first device approved for PDA closure in patients ≥700 g.ConclusionsThis study supports the safety and effectiveness of the Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder, particularly in patients between 700 g and 2 kg where there is currently a significant unmet need in the United States. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03055858.
Liquid‐phase Hydrodeoxygenation of 4‐Propylphenol to Propylbenzene: Reducible Supports for Pt Catalysts
Authors: Mäkelä Eveliina , González Escobedo José Luis , Neuvonen Jouni , Lahtinen Jouko , Lindblad Marina , Lassi Ulla , Karinen Reetta , Puurunen Riikka L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPyrolysis and liquefaction biocrudes obtained from lignocellulose are rich in phenolic compounds that can be converted to renewable aromatics. In this study, Pt catalysts on reducible metal oxide supports (Nb2O5, TiO2), along with irreducible ZrO2 as a reference, were investigated in the liquid‐phase hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of 4‐propylphenol (350 °C, 20 bar H2, organic solvent). The most active catalyst was Pt/Nb2O5, which led to the molar propylbenzene selectivity of 77 %, and a yield of 75 % (98 % conversion). Reducible metal oxide supports provided an increased activity and selectivity to the aromatic product compared to ZrO2, and the obtained results are among the best reported in liquid‐phase. The reusability of the spent catalysts was also studied. The spent Pt/Nb2O5 catalyst provided the lowest conversion, while the product distribution of the spent Pt/ZrO2 catalyst changed towards oxygenates. The results highlight the potential of pyrolysis or liquefaction biocrudes as a source of aromatic chemicals.
Intrazeolite CO Methanation by Small Ruthenium Carbonyl Complexes: Translation from Free Clusters into the Cage
Authors: Mravak Antonija , Krstić Marjan , Lang Sandra M. , Bernhardt Thorsten M. , Bonačić‐Koutecký Vlasta 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCatalytic CO methanation represents an important reaction to improve the feed gas quality for hydrogen fuel cells. Previously, the large potential of small bare and ligated ruthenium clusters as highly selective and active catalysts has been shown by employing gas phase clusters as model systems. Now, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to demonstrate the possibility to translate the gas phase CO methanation reaction mediated by a ligated Ru4(CO)13H2+ complex into the framework of a ZSM‐5 zeolite. Such a translation, manifested by a reaction pathway which is mechanistically and energetically similar to the gas phase analogue, is possible since the zeolite framework does not influence the reactive center. Furthermore, we reveal the important role of the CO ligand environment in protecting the Ru4+ metal core from formation of bonds with the zeolite and in the creation of the reactive center by promoting the cooperatively enhanced adsorption and dissociation of H2.
Disclosure of eco‐innovation activities in European large companies' sustainability reporting
Authors: Vieira António Pedro , Radonjič Gregor 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study examines how eco‐innovations activities are disclosed within sustainability reporting of European large companies and provides one of the first studies on the intersection of both fields. To achieve such goal, the research was carried out based on the qualitative content analysis of the sustainability reports of the European companies selected on their ranking of research and development expenditure and Dow Jones Sustainability Index. We investigated if and how eco‐innovations activities were contemplated and communicated. The findings show a generalized lack of direct reference to the term eco‐innovation. Analysis of the reports showed that companies disclosed information on different types of eco‐innovation, albeit not referring to them explicitly as eco‐innovations. Benefits of using eco‐innovation mentioning in sustainable reports are also discussed and guidelines are given how to report on eco‐innovation in such documents.
Interplay between body schema, visuospatial perception and pain in patients with spinal cord injury
Authors: Osinski Thomas , Martinez Valeria , Bensmail Djamel , Hatem Samar , Bouhassira Didier 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundChanges in body representations (body image and/or body schema) have been reported in several chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes, but rarely in patients with neuropathic pain and never in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI)‐related pain.MethodsWe used implicit motor imagery (the laterality judgement task and visuospatial body perception tests) in 56 patients with thoracic SCI with (n = 32) or without (n = 24) pain below the level of the injury, and in a group of matched healthy controls (n = 37). We compared the participants' reaction time and the accuracy with which they identified the laterality of hands and feet presented in various orientations. Visuospatial body perception was assessed with a series of tests referred to as the 'horizontal subjective body midline', and the umbilicus‐reaching task (URT), in which participants were asked to estimate the location of the umbilicus under different experimental conditions.ResultsBoth groups of patients had longer reaction times for the identification of laterality for the feet than for the hands, but with no difference in accuracy. This longer reaction time was not correlated with spinal lesion severity, but was directly related to both average pain intensity and specific neuropathic pain components. The URT was affected in both groups of patients, with no effect of pain intensity. By contrast, the horizontal subjective body midline task was unaffected.ConclusionThese results suggest an interplay between lower body scheme distortions and pain in patients with SCI.SignificanceSpinal cord injury is associated with alterations of lower body scheme as assessed with the laterality judgement task, which are directly related to pain intensity in patients with below‐level neuropathic pain.
Metal–organic framework assisted matrix solid‐phase dispersion microextraction of saponins using response surface methodology
Authors: Zhang Rui , Xu Nan , Wang Yue , Liu Xungao , Wang Shuling , Cao Jun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn efficient and simple metal–organic framework (MOF) assisted matrix solid‐phase dispersion (MSPD) microextraction was developed for the extraction of the five saponins in P. ginseng leaves. The target analyses were detected by ultra high performance chromatography coupled with time‐of‐flight MS. Experimental conditions for MSPD microextraction were optimized by the Box–Behnken design of the response surface methodology. The optimal conditions were as follows: 20 mg adsorbent, 80% methanol–water solution for elution, 60 s grinding time, and the MOF‐808 as the adsorbent. With the final optimized method, the calibration curves for five saponins showed good linearity (R2 > 0.998) within range of 0.01–100 μg/mL. In addition, analytical recoveries ranged from 87.04 to 103.78%, with the RSD below 5%. The limit of detection and LOQ range from 0.087 to 0.114 μg/mL and 0.292 to 0.379 μg/mL, respectively. Compared with the traditional extraction method and published methods, the newly MOF‐assisted MSPD extract exhibited higher extraction efficiency, simpler operation, and provided a cleaner extract with low consumption of organic reagents that was applied for rapid evaluation and quality control of active compounds from plants.
Thermal energy storage properties and lab‐scale thermal performance in cementitious plaster of composite phase change material for energy efficiency of buildings
Authors: Sarı Ahmet , Tyagi Vineet Veer 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study was aimed to achieve a form‐stable composite PCM (FS‐CPCM) by incorporating the eutectic mixture of octadecane (OD) and eicosane (EC) with pumice and also investigate thermo‐regulation performance of its cementitious plaster form in lab‐scale cubic unit. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) analysis results proved the existence of good physicochemical compatibility among the components of FS‐CPCM. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis results revealed that the FS‐CPCM had phase change temperature of about 22°C and latent heat of capacity of about 77–78 J/g, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal cycling findings demonstrated that it had excellent thermal durability and cycling reliability. Lab‐scale thermal performance of a cubic design plastered with FS‐PCM/cement mortar was also evaluated experimentally. The results showed that the plaster including FS‐CPCM had function of maintaining the interior temperature at comfortable range for a considerable long time.
Approach and avoidance bias for thin‐ideal and normal‐weight body shapes in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Brockmeyer Timo , Burdenski Kathrin , Anderle Alisa , Voges Mona M. , Vocks Silja , Schmidt Hagen , Wünsch‐Leiteritz Wally , Leiteritz Andreas , Friederich Hans‐Christoph 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe two studies aimed to examine implicit affective evaluations of thin‐ideal and normal‐weight body shapes in women with anorexia nervosa (AN), taking identification with body shapes into account.MethodIn study 1, approach–avoidance bias for thin‐ideal and normal‐weight bodies was assessed in 40 women with AN and 40 healthy women by using an Approach‐Avoidance Task and female avatar bodies with a standard face as stimuli. In study 2, 39 women with AN and 38 healthy women underwent a similar task but identification with bodies was manipulated by presenting bodies once with the participant's own face and once with another woman's face.ResultsIn study 1, patients with AN did not differ from healthy participants in their automatic approach–avoidance tendencies towards thin‐ideal and normal‐weight bodies. In study 2, no definite approach bias for a thin self and no avoidance bias for thin other women or for a normal‐weight self were found. However, as compared to healthy women, those with AN showed a less positive implicit evaluation of thin other women, and an implicit preference for thin bodies depicted as themselves over thin bodies depicted as another woman.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that intra‐sexual competition for being slim is increased in AN.
Effect of three kinds of natural preservative cocktails on vacuum‐packed chilled pork
Authors: Li Chen , Han Yuhang , Fan Sanhong , Ma Lizhen , Zhang Yi , Simpson Benjamin Kofi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three different natural preservatives on the microbial profile, the total volatile base nitrogen (TVB‐N), and biogenic amine contents of vacuum‐packed chilled pork during storage at 4°C. Solution A comprised of tea polyphenols, chitosan, spice extract, propolis, and nisin. Solution B comprised of clove extract, cassia bark extract, ginger juice, garlic juice, and lactobacillus fermentation solution. Solution C consisted of only lactobacillus fermentation solution. The results indicated that solution A was a good natural preservative with higher bacteria inhibitory effect and higher sensory score than B and C. Besides the effect on appealing color, solution B could inhibit microbial activity although its inhibition effect was not as good as solution A. Thus, solution A could be used as a good preservative in industry. Solution C could inhibit the initial growth of Pseudomonas and partially inhibited the growth of Enterobacteriaceae; however, the content of putrescine in the pork treated with solution C was as high as 30.14 ± 2.89 mg/kg after 21 days of storage at 4°C. Hence, solution C is not an ideal preservative for vacuum‐packed chilled pork.