bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interpolação 3D de dados de Rock Quality Designation: Barragem de Itaipu, Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Canello Vivian Athaydes , Patias Josiele , Zuquette Lázaro Valentim 
Published: September 2020

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados da aplicação de método computacional para interpolação tridimensional de dados de Rock Quality Designation (RQD) obtidos a partir de um conjunto de 143 sondagens rotativas, que foram realizadas na fase de investigação geológico-geotécnica para a construção da Barragem de Itaipu, localizada no rio Paraná, na fronteira entre o Brasil e o Paraguai, inserida no contexto geológico dos derrames basálticos da Formação Serra Geral. As interpolações foram desenvolvidas no programa Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS) utilizando o método numérico spline regularizado com tensão (RST). A interpolação foi desenvolvida para um volume de 28.107 m3 a partir de 4.736 dados de entrada obtidos de 143 sondagens rotativas e considerando voxel 3D com resolução horizontal de 25 m e vertical de 3 m, que gerou cerca de 149.330 voxels, resultando em uma média de dados de entrada de 0,032/voxel. Os dados de entrada de RQD apresentaram média aproximada de 80, mediana 87, desvio padrão 23, coeficiente de variação de cerca de 30% e variância de 529; enquanto os dados interpolados resultaram em média 74, coeficiente de variação de 27%, variância de 400 e desvio padrão 20. O resultado da interpolação mostrou que o método utilizado é eficiente e os programas GRASS e PARAVIEW adequados e de fácil domínio para estudos de interpolação. Por outro lado, reforçou que apesar da quantidade de dados iniciais, a distribuição espacial dos dados de entrada interfere na interpolação, o que reforça a importância de um plano de investigação geológico-geotécnico adequado para obter um zoneamento com baixa incerteza.
Coronary Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Angina and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease Is Associated With Elevated Serum Homocysteine Levels
Authors: Ahmad Ali , Corban Michel T. , Toya Takumi , Sara Jaskanwal D. , Lerman Ben , Park Ji Young , Lerman Lilach O. , Lerman Amir 
Published: September 2020

Background
Elevated levels of serum homocysteine, via impaired nitric oxide production, and coronary microvascular dysfunction are associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. However, whether serum homocysteine levels and coronary microvascular endothelial dysfunction (CMED) are linked remains unknown.

Methods and Results

This study included 1418 patients with chest pain or an abnormal functional stress test and with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (<40% angiographic stenosis), who underwent CMED evaluation with functional angiography and had serum homocysteine levels measured. Patients were classified as having normal microvascular function versus CMED. Patients in the CMED group (n=743; 52%) had higher mean age (52.1±12.2 versus 50.0±12.4 years;
P
<0.0001), higher body mass index (29.1 [25.0–32.8] versus 27.5 [24.2–32.4];
P
=0.001), diabetes mellitus (12.5% versus 9.4%;
P
=0.03), and fewer women (63.5% versus 68.7%;
P
=0.04) compared with patients in the normal microvascular function group. However, they had lower rates of smoking history, and mildly lower low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Serum homocysteine levels were significantly higher in patients with CMED, and the highest quartile of serum homocysteine level (>9 µmol/L) was an independent predictor of CMED (odds ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.03–1.75];
P
=0.03) after adjustment for age; sex; body mass index; chronic kidney disease (CKD); diabetes mellitus; smoking exposure; low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides; and aspirin, statin, and B vitamin use.

Conclusions
Patients with CMED have significantly higher levels of serum homocysteine. Elevated serum homocysteine levels were associated with a significantly increased odds of an invasive diagnosis of CMED. The current study supports a potential role for homocysteine for diagnosis and target treatment in the patients with early coronary atherosclerosis.
Pfinzing and Friends
Authors: Karr Schmidt Suzanne 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Paulus Pfinzing von Henfenfeld embodied the gentrification of geometry in late sixeenth-century Nuremberg. A patrician merchant, Pfinzing developed and invented surveying tools, and publicized their use. He is famed for his so-called Pfinzing Atlas of manuscript maps of the Nuremberg area that he completed in 1594. His legacy in print of two now rare books from 1598–1599 on surveying and on geometric solids is less well known, as Pfinzing published them both anonymously. The former entreated the well-educated to take up surveying, while the latter presented a summary of recent scholarship on geometric solids based on Albrecht Dürer and Wenzel Jamnitzer, among other luminaries. This article investigates the ways Pfinzing used his knowledge of surveying and familiarity with Nuremberg publishing to present geometry as a gentlemanly pursuit.
Johannes Kepler and Twenty-First-Century Science
Authors: Lipking Lawrence 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Johannes Kepler’s little book on the snowflake anticipates one direction of twenty-first-century science. Why do snowflakes all have six corners? Kepler searches for a geometry inscribed in nature, a “formative faculty” that shapes the dynamic patterns of both inorganic and organic forms. A similar search drives modern biotechnology. Twentieth-century science, exemplified by Wolfgang Pauli, had built on principles in tune with those of Kepler’s rival, the hermeticist Robert Fludd. Quantum physics is invested in archetypal numbers (such as 137, the fine-structure constant), in unobjectifiability (the impossibility of viewing a world unaffected by the observer), and in action-at-a-distance (effects that can be calculated but whose cause remains unknown). Kepler scorns such principles. Instead he looks for patterns of organization that account for the real world, whether in snowflakes, the heavens, or living bodies. Today that project has been revived in the life sciences, in ecology and ecosystems, in fractal geometry, in nanotech and biotech. Perhaps Kepler’s vision of science has come into its own.
The Toyota Way to Effective Strategy Deployment: How Organizations Can Focus Energy on Key Priorities Through Hoshin Kanri to Achieve the Business Goals
Authors: Soliman Mohammed Hamed Ahmed 
Published: September 2020

Purpose: The motivation behind this article is to provide a lot of rules to be utilized in lean strategy standards and instruments in modern associations. This article expects to feature the pretended by lean strategy technique for vital strategic planning and management, especially in reference to the Hoshin Kanri strategy deployment system. This article is addressing a gap in the knowledge of effective Hoshin Kanri process over the association. Methodology/Design/Approach: A systematic literature review using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and Emerald databases, resulting in the selection of high-quality papers with a great focus on the Toyota Way. Originally/Value: This article review subjects driven and finished up by Toyota that are required to implement strategies and adjust objectives all over the association. The article centers around the Hoshin Kanri deployment process. It underlines the significance of leadership/pioneering and the helpfulness of utilizing the right daily training practice to help lean progress and improve strategy execution in the whole association. This is the first article to comprehensively review Hoshin Kanri with reference to the Toyota business practice. Findings: Hoshin Kanri might be successfully utilized for deploying strategies and to improve correspondence from top to down, which must be accomplished if experts are to be adequately prepared and frontline staff is to be engaged in daily, continuous improvement efforts.
Lingering effects of chemotherapy on mature T cells impair proliferation
Authors: Das Rajat K. , O’Connor Roddy S. , Grupp Stephan A. , Barrett David M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Engineered T-cell therapies have demonstrated impressive clinical responses in patients with hematologic malignancies. Despite this efficacy, many patients have a transient persistence of T cells, which can be correlated with transient clinical response. Translational data on T cells from pediatric cancer patients shows a progressive decline in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) suitability with cumulative chemotherapy regardless of regimen. We investigated the effects of chemotherapy on surviving T cells in vitro, describing residual deficits unique to each agent including mitochondrial damage and metabolic alterations. In the case of cyclophosphamide but not doxorubicin or cytarabine, these effects could be reversed with N-acetylcysteine. Specifically, we observed that surviving T cells could be stimulated, expanded, and transduced with CARs with preserved short-term cytolytic function but at far lower numbers and with residual metabolic deficits. These data have implications for understanding the effects of chemotherapy on mature T cells later collected for adoptive cell therapy, as chemotherapy-exposed T cells may have lingering dysfunction that affects ex vivo adoptive cell therapy manufacturing techniques and, ultimately, clinical efficacy.
Molecular contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 to genome instability in breast cancer patients: review of radiosensitivity assays
Authors: Sadeghi Fatemeh , Asgari Marzieh , Matloubi Mojdeh , Ranjbar Maral , Karkhaneh Yousefi Nahid , Azari Tahereh , Zaki-Dizaji Majid 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
DNA repair pathways, cell cycle arrest checkpoints, and cell death induction are present in cells to process DNA damage and prevent genomic instability caused by various extrinsic and intrinsic ionizing factors. Mutations in the genes involved in these pathways enhances the ionizing radiation sensitivity, reduces the individual’s capacity to repair DNA damages, and subsequently increases susceptibility to tumorigenesis.

Body
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are two highly penetrant genes involved in the inherited breast cancer and contribute to different DNA damage pathways and cell cycle and apoptosis cascades. Mutations in these genes have been associated with hypersensitivity and genetic instability as well as manifesting severe radiotherapy complications in breast cancer patients. The genomic instability and DNA repair capacity of breast cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutations have been analyzed in different studies using a variety of assays, including micronucleus assay, comet assay, chromosomal assay, colony-forming assay, γ -H2AX and 53BP1 biomarkers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. The majority of studies confirmed the enhanced spontaneous & radiation-induced radiosensitivity of breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls. Using G2 micronucleus assay and G2 chromosomal assay, most studies have reported the lymphocyte of healthy carriers with BRCA1 mutation are hypersensitive to invitro ionizing radiation compared to non-carriers without a history of breast cancer. However, it seems this approach is not likely to be useful to distinguish the BRCA carriers from non-carrier with familial history of breast cancer.

Conclusion
In overall, breast cancer patients are more radiosensitive compared to healthy control; however, inconsistent results exist about the ability of current radiosensitive techniques in screening BRCA1/2 carriers or those susceptible to radiotherapy complications. Therefore, developing further radiosensitivity assay is still warranted to evaluate the DNA repair capacity of individuals with BRCA1/2 mutations and serve as a predictive factor for increased risk of cancer mainly in the relatives of breast cancer patients. Moreover, it can provide more evidence about who is susceptible to manifest severe complication after radiotherapy.
DeeplyEssential: a deep neural network for predicting essential genes in microbes
Authors: Hasan Md Abid , Lonardi Stefano 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Essential genes are those genes that are critical for the survival of an organism. The prediction of essential genes in bacteria can provide targets for the design of novel antibiotic compounds or antimicrobial strategies.

Results
We propose a deep neural network for predicting essential genes in microbes. Our architecture called DeeplyEssential makes minimal assumptions about the input data (i.e., it only uses gene primary sequence and the corresponding protein sequence) to carry out the prediction thus maximizing its practical application compared to existing predictors that require structural or topological features which might not be readily available. We also expose and study a hidden performance bias that effected previous classifiers. Extensive results show that DeeplyEssential outperform existing classifiers that either employ down-sampling to balance the training set or use clustering to exclude multiple copies of orthologous genes.

Conclusion
Deep neural network architectures can efficiently predict whether a microbial gene is essential (or not) using only its sequence information.
Analysis of genomic and transcriptomic variations as prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zengin Talip , Önal-Süzek Tuğba 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of the largest number of deaths worldwide and lung adenocarcinoma is the most common form of lung cancer. In order to understand the molecular basis of lung adenocarcinoma, integrative analysis have been performed by using genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics and clinical data. Besides, molecular prognostic signatures have been generated for lung adenocarcinoma by using gene expression levels in tumor samples. However, we need signatures including different types of molecular data, even cohort or patient-based biomarkers which are the candidates of molecular targeting.ResultsWe built an R pipeline to carry out an integrated meta-analysis of the genomic alterations including single-nucleotide variations and the copy number variations, transcriptomics variations through RNA-seq and clinical data of patients with lung adenocarcinoma in The Cancer Genome Atlas project. We integrated significant genes including single-nucleotide variations or the copy number variations, differentially expressed genes and those in active subnetworks to construct a prognosis signature. Cox proportional hazards model with Lasso penalty and LOOCV was used to identify best gene signature among different gene categories.We determined a 12-gene signature (BCHE, CCNA1, CYP24A1, DEPTOR, MASP2, MGLL, MYO1A, PODXL2, RAPGEF3, SGK2, TNNI2, ZBTB16) for prognostic risk prediction based on overall survival time of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The patients in both training and test data were clustered into high-risk and low-risk groups by using risk scores of the patients calculated based on selected gene signature. The overall survival probability of these risk groups was highly significantly different for both training and test datasets.ConclusionsThis 12-gene signature could predict the prognostic risk of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma in TCGA and they are potential predictors for the survival-based risk clustering of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma. These genes can be used to cluster patients based on molecular nature and the best candidates of drugs for the patient clusters can be proposed. These genes also have a high potential for targeted cancer therapy of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Acute hospital staff’s attitudes towards dementia and perceived dementia knowledge: a cross-sectional survey in Ireland
Authors: Keogh Brian , Ting To Wing , Daly Louise , Hynes Geralyn , Kennelly Siobhan , Lawlor Brian , Timmons Suzanne , O’Reilly Susan , Bracken-Scally Mairead , Ciblis Aurelia , Cole Natalie , Drury Amanda , Pittalis Chiara , Kennelly Brendan , McCarron Mary , Brady Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Little is known about staff’s attitudes in Irish acute hospital settings towards people living with dementia and their perceived dementia knowledge. The aim of this study was to understand the general level of dementia knowledge and attitudes towards dementia in different types of hospital staff, as well as to explore the potential influence of previous dementia training and experience (having a family member with dementia) and the potential moderating effects of personal characteristics. This data was required to plan and deliver general and targeted educational interventions to raise awareness of dementia throughout the acute services.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among a diverse range of hospital staff (n = 1795) in three urban acute general hospitals in Ireland, including doctors, nurses, healthcare attendants, allied professionals, and general support staff. Participants’ perceived dementia knowledge and attitudes were assessed as well as their previous dementia training and experience. To measure participant’s attitude towards dementia, the validated Approaches to Dementia Questionnaire (ADQ) was used.

Results
Hospital staff demonstrated positive attitudes towards people living with dementia, and believed they had a fair to moderate understanding of dementia. Both ‘having previous dementia training’ and ‘having a relative living with dementia’ predicted attitude towards dementia and perceived dementia knowledge. Interestingly, certain personal staff characteristics did impact dementia training in predicting attitude towards dementia and perceived dementia knowledge.

Conclusion
This study provides a baseline of data regarding the attitudes towards dementia and perceived dementia knowledge for hospital staff in Irish acute hospitals. The results can inform educational initiatives that target different hospital staff, in order to increase awareness and knowledge to improve quality of dementia care in Irish hospitals.
Relationships of apelin concentration and APLN T-1860C polymorphism with obesity in Thai children
Authors: Suriyaprom Kanjana , Pheungruang Banchamaphon , Tungtrongchitr Rungsunn , Sroijit Orn-uma Y. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Childhood obesity represents a serious global health crisis. Apelin and its receptor system are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system and have been demonstrated to serve a role modulating feeding behaviour and energy homeostasis. The purposes of this study were to examine apelin concentrations and anthropometric-cardiometabolic parameters in obese and non-obese children and to identify associations of APLN T-1860C and APLNR G212A polymorphisms with apelin levels and obesity among Thai children.

Methods
This case-control study included an analysis of 325 Thai children: 198 children with obesity and 127 healthy non-obese children. Anthropometric-cardiometabolic variables and apelin concentration were measured. Genotyping of APLN T-1860C and APLNR G212A was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.

Results
The obese group had significantly lower apelin and HDL-C levels but significantly higher triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index values, TG/HDL-C ratio and TC/HDL-C ratio than the non-obese group (p < 0.01). Apelin level was negatively correlated with body size phenotypes and cardiometabolic parameters (p < 0.05). The APLN T-1860C polymorphism (OR = 4.39, 95% CI = 1.25–15.28) and apelin concentration (OR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.23–0.92) were significantly associated with obesity among female children (p < 0.05) only, after adjusting for potential covariates. However, the APLNR G212A polymorphism showed no significant relationship with apelin concentration or obesity.

Conclusion
These findings in Thai children suggest that apelin concentrations are related to obesity and cardiometabolic parameters. Furthermore, the APLN T-1860C polymorphism may influence susceptibility to obesity among female children.
Time taken to resume driving following hip arthroscopy
Authors: Jo Suenghwan , Lee Sang Hong , Jang Se Woong , Choi Hyun Bai , Kim Ba Rom , Jeong Jae Han , Kim Soo Ah 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Resuming driving is a common concern among patients undergoing hip arthroscopy. The present study aimed to assess whether patients who had undergone right hip arthroscopy presented with poorer driving performance than patients with normal hips and to analyze the time required to regain preoperative driving performance.

Methods
Forty-seven patients who had undergone right hip arthroscopy and consented to our test protocol were included in this study. Using an immersive driving simulator, the patients were tested for their brake reaction time (BRT), total brake time (TBT), and brake pedal depression (BPD) preoperatively and postoperatively. The first postoperative assessments were conducted when the patients could comfortably sit on the driving seat, and the follow-up assessments were conducted for 6 consecutive weeks at weekly intervals. The patients were divided into the following two groups based on the type of surgery that they underwent: the femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) surgery group and the simple hip arthroscopy (SA) group. Twenty healthy volunteers underwent driving assessments thrice at weekly intervals and constituted the control group. The braking parameters were compared between preoperative and postoperative measurements and among the FAI surgery, SA, and control groups.

Results
The preoperative braking parameters of the patients who underwent arthroscopy did not differ significantly from those of the controls (p = 0.373, 0.763, and 0.447 for the BRT, TBT, and BPD, respectively). All braking parameters returned to normal in 2 weeks in the FAI surgery group and in 1 week in the SA group.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that the driving performance of patients who underwent right hip arthroscopy is comparable to that of individuals with normal hips and that the braking parameters may normalize to the preoperative state at 1 week after SA and 2 weeks after FAI surgery.