bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of localised CBCT to image inflammatory collateral cysts: a retrospective case series demonstrating clinical and radiographic features
Authors: Dave M. , Thomson F. , Barry S. , Horner K. , Thakker N. , Petersen H. J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction
Inflammatory collateral cysts are uncommon cysts primarily affecting first permanent molars during their eruption. There are diagnostic challenges that can be overcome with CBCT imaging. However, given the paediatric age group for this condition, there are patient cooperation and radiation dose factors to consider when justifying the scan. The aim of this case series study is to illustrate the value of CBCT in imaging and diagnosing inflammatory collateral cysts in paediatric patients, to highlight the need for a multidisciplinary approach for this uncommon pathological condition and to review the relevant literature.

Case series description and results
We present three patients aged between 6 and 11 years of age with inflammatory collateral cysts affecting their first or second permanent molars for which CBCT imaging was utilised. All patients underwent cyst enucleation with preservation or extraction of affected teeth under general anaesthesia.

Discussion
Inflammatory collateral cysts are likely to be under reported given their indistinct clinical features and radiological signs. Conventional planar radiographs may not reveal this lesions size and full extent. CBCT overcomes these limitations; however, careful assessment of patient cooperation is needed and a low-dose protocol should be used.

Conclusions
CBCT can provide useful imaging information which is difficult to obtain using conventional radiography, especially in cases where an inflammatory collateral cyst is suspected.
Correction to: Consumer protection and risk assessment: sensitising substances in consumer products
Authors: Thierse Hermann-Josef , Luch Andreas 
Published: November 2019

Correction to:Allergo J Int 2019 28:167–182https://doi.org/10.1007/s40629-019-0093-3The article “Consumer protection and risk assessment: sensitising substances in consumer products”, written by Hermann-Josef Thierse and Andreas Luch, was originally published Online First without Open Access. …
Scoring and Interpretation of the FSFI: What can be Learned From 20 Years of use?
Authors: Meston Cindy M. , Freihart Bridget K. , Handy Ariel B. , Kilimnik Chelsea D. , Rosen Raymond C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Over the past 20 years, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) has been considered the gold standard for the measurement of sexual function in women, with over 1,000 published manuscripts citing the article. Despite the measure’s widespread usage and excellent psychometric properties, there has been some confusion over how to best implement and score the measure and interpret corresponding findings.

Aim
The aim of the current article is to provide guidance, drawing from 20 years of use, on how to best implement the FSFI in research settings and interpret results based on the validation studies that have been conducted to date.

Methods
The overview of scoring and interpretation procedures found in this article is drawn from a review of the published literature on the psychometric properties of the FSFI.

Main Outcome Measure
The measure of interest for the present review is the FSFI.

Results
This review article provides information about implementing, scoring, and interpreting the full-scale FSFI. Domain-level scoring and interpretation procedures are also discussed across the 5 domains of the FSFI: arousal, satisfaction, desire, pain, and lubrication. Additionally, guidance is provided for evaluating translated versions of the FSFI and using the measure to examine sexual function in culturally diverse populations.

Clinical Implications
Guidance on appropriately scoring and interpretating the FSFI has the potential to strengthen our empirical understanding of sexual function, and consequently, to guide theory-driven treatment development and clinical practice.

Strength & Limitations
The present review provides applied guidance for the appropriate use of the FSFI specifically, but does not cover other common measures of sexual function or adaptations of the original measure.

Conclusion
It is our hope that the guidance found in this review will ultimately lead to more rigorous and appropriate usage of the FSFI in research settings.
Pancake sea ice kinematics and dynamics using shipboard stereo video
Authors: Smith Madison , Thomson Jim 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the marginal ice zone, surface waves drive motion of sea ice floes. The motion of floes relative to each other can cause periodic collisions, and drives the formation of pancake sea ice. Additionally, the motion of floes relative to the water results in turbulence generation at the interface between the ice and ocean below. These are important processes for the formation and growth of pancakes, and likely contribute to wave energy loss. Models and laboratory studies have been used to describe these motions, but there have been no in situ observations of relative ice velocities in a natural wave field. Here, we use shipboard stereo video to measure wave motion and relative motion of pancake floes simultaneously. The relative velocities of pancake floes are typically small compared to wave orbital motion (i.e. floes mostly follow the wave orbits). We find that relative velocities are well-captured by existing phase-resolved models, and are only somewhat over-estimated by using bulk wave parameters. Under the conditions observed, estimates of wave energy loss from ice–ocean turbulence are much larger than from pancake collisions. Increased relative pancake floe velocities in steeper wave fields may then result in more wave attenuation by increasing ice–ocean shear.
Looters vs. Traitors: TheMuqawama(“Resistance”) Narrative, and its Detractors, in Contemporary Mauritania
Authors: Ould Mohamed Baba Elemine , Freire Francisco 
Published: November 2019

Abstract:Since 2012, when broadcasting licenses were granted to various private television and radio stations in Mauritania, the controversy around the Battle of Um Tounsi (and Mauritania’s colonial past more generally) has grown substantially. One of the results of this unprecedented level of media freedom has been the propagation of views defending the Mauritanian resistance (muqawamain Arabic) to French colonization. On the one hand, verbal and written accounts have emerged which paint certain groups and actors as French colonial power sympathizers. At the same time, various online publications have responded by seriously questioning the very existence of a structured resistance to colonization. This article, drawing predominantly on local sources, highlights the importance of this controversy in studying the western Saharan region social model and its contemporary uses.
Interdependent Factors of Demand-Side Rationale for Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Medical Countermeasures
Authors: Johnson Mark Lawrence , Belin Jean , Dorandeu Frederic , Guille Marianne 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe deliberate use of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) materials in war or terrorist attacks is perceived as a great threat globally. In the event of a release of CBRN agents, protection by means of medical countermeasures (MedCMs) could reduce health vulnerability. Nonetheless, for some diseases caused by these agents, innovative MedCMs do not exist and many of those that do might not be readily available. Inappropriate research and development funding and government procurement efforts can result in adverse economic consequences (eg, lost income, cost per loss of life, medical expenses) far exceeding the costs of strong and comprehensive preparedness initiatives. By illustrating factors of demand-side rationale for CBRN MedCMs, this article aims to strengthen integrity of policy-making associated with current demand requirements. Namely, an approach to inspire broader assessment is outlined by compiling and adapting existing economic models and concepts to characterize both soft and hard factors that influence demand-side rationale. First, the soft factor context is set by describing the impact of behavioral and political economics. Then, lessons learned from past public health funding models and associated collaborative access infrastructure are depicted to represent hard factors that can enhance the viability of MedCM preparedness evaluations.
New Radiocarbon-based assessment Supports the Prominence of Tel Lachish during late Bronze age IB-IIA
Authors: Webster Lyndelle , Streit Katharina , Dee Michael , Hajdas Irka , Höflmayer Felix 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThis article presents a new suite of radiocarbon (14C) dates for the lower portion of the Late Bronze Age (LBA) sequence of Area S, Tel Lachish. The results show that the lowest levels reached by Ussishkin in the 1980s (S-2 and S-3) date significantly earlier than was previously thought. Level S-3, with its monumental architecture, belongs in the 2nd half of the 15th century BCE, as does the commencement of Level S-2. The laminated deposit of S-2 continues through the first half of the 14th century BCE, coinciding at least in part with the Amarna period. This redating leads to improved agreement between archaeological and textual evidence regarding the presence of a substantial, prominent settlement at Lachish during LB IB-IIA, from the reign of Thutmoses III through the Amarna period.
Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in Iranian HIV positive patients using multilocus nested-PCR-RFLP method
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Abdollah , Sharif Mehdi , Sarvi Shahabeddin , Abediankenari Saeid , Hashemi-Soteh Mohammad Bagher , Amouei Afsaneh , Montazeri Mahboobeh , Aghayan Sargis A. , Gholami Sara , Shaker Davoud , Mizani Azadeh , Shabanzadeh Shafigheh , Daryani Ahmad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in Iranian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients using multilocus-nested polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (Mn-PCR-RFLP). A total of 102 serum samples obtained from infected patients were collected from the laboratory centres in northern Iran. Anti-T. gondii antibodies and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection were accomplished by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and PCR. The Mn-PCR-RFLP method was used for the genotyping of T. gondii. Overall, 68.6% (70/102) and 11.7% (12/102) of the individuals were tested positive for anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin G and T. gondii DNA, respectively. Complete genotyping was performed on 10/12 (83.3%) PCR-positive samples. Accordingly, the samples were classified as genotype #1 (type II clonal; n = 3, 30%), genotype #2 (type III clonal; n = 2, 20%), genotype #10 (type I clonal; n = 2, 20%), genotype #27 (type I variant; n = 1, 10%), genotype #35 (type I variant; n = 1, 10%) and genotype #48 (type III variant; n = 1, 10%). The results were indicative of the high frequency of the type I and type I variant of T. gondii strains in HIV-positive patients in northern Iran. Given the high prevalence of T. gondii and frequency of pathogenic types (pathogen in laboratory mice) in the patients, special measures should be taken to prevent the possible increased incidence of encephalitis by T. gondii.
Detection of haplosporidian protistan parasites supports an increase to their known diversity, geographic range and bivalve host specificity
Authors: Lynch S. A. , Lepée-Rivero S. , Kelly R. , Quinn E. , Coghlan A. , Bookelaar B. , Morgan E. , Finarelli J. A. , Carlsson J. , Culloty S. C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHaplosporidian protist parasites are a major concern for aquatic animal health, as they have been responsible for some of the most significant marine epizootics on record. Despite their impact on food security, aquaculture and ecosystem health, characterizing haplosporidian diversity, distributions and host range remains challenging. In this study, water filtering bivalve species, cockles Cerastoderma edule, mussels Mytilus spp. and Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, were screened using molecular genetic assays using deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) markers for the Haplosporidia small subunit ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid region. Two Haplosporidia species, both belonging to the Minchinia clade, were detected in C. edule and in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis in a new geographic range for the first time. No haplosporidians were detected in the C. gigas, Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis or Mytilus hybrids. These findings indicate that host selection and partitioning are occurring amongst cohabiting bivalve species. The detection of these Haplosporidia spp. raises questions as to whether they were always present, were introduced unintentionally via aquaculture and or shipping or were naturally introduced via water currents. These findings support an increase in the known diversity of a significant parasite group and highlight that parasite species may be present in marine environments but remain undetected, even in well-studied host species.
Maximal hyperbolic towers and weight in the theory of free groups
Authors: BRÜCK BENJAMIN 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe show that in general for a given group the structure of a maximal hyperbolic tower over a free group is not canonical: we construct examples of groups having hyperbolic tower structures over free subgroups which have arbitrarily large ratios between their ranks. These groups have the same first order theory as non-abelian free groups and we use them to study the weight of types in this theory.
A tuberculosis school outbreak in China, 2018: reaching an often overlooked adolescent population
Authors: You N. N. , Zhu L. M. , Li G. L. , Martinez L. , Lu W. , Liu Q. , Yang H. T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAdolescents have been largely neglected from tuberculosis control efforts. In low- to medium burden settings much of the tuberculosis burden in this age group occurs from school outbreaks. We report on a large tuberculosis outbreak in adolescents from a boarding high school in Jiangsu Province, China. From March to June 2018, a tuberculosis outbreak occurred in a boarding high school. We conducted an outbreak investigation involving clinical diagnostic tests and molecular analysis to determine the outbreak origin. Cases were detected through symptom screening, tuberculin skin testing (TST), chest radiography, sputum smear, solid sputum culture and GeneXpert MTB/RIF. Mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit-variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) genotyping and spoligotyping methods were performed onMycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis) isolates to identify the outbreak origin. A total of 845 students and 131 teachers/staff attended a TST screening for tuberculosis infection. The prevalence of elevated tuberculin reactions at ≥5, ≥10 and ≥15 mm was 12.19% (119/976), 6.35% (62/976) and 3.28% (32/976), respectively. Radiographic abnormalities were present in 5.73% (56 of 976) individuals, 40 students and 16 teachers/staff. Of these, 12 students were diagnosed with confirmed tuberculosis. In total, 14 students (two index cases and 12 confirmed cases) were diagnosed and reported in the tuberculosis outbreak, an attack rate of 1.7% (14/847) among students (two index cases and 845 screened students). Results from MIRU-VNTR typing and spoligotyping analyses demonstrated that threeM. tuberculosisstrains belong to the Beijing family with corresponding MIRU-VNTR alleles. This school-based tuberculosis outbreak among adolescents demonstrates that transmission among individuals in this age group is common and must be prioritised. It suggests that identifying and timely diagnosis of smear-positive cases, especially in the early phase of outbreaks, is the key to preventing further spread among close contacts.
Does puberty affect the development of behavior problems as a mediator, moderator, or unique predictor?
Authors: Beltz Adriene M. , Corley Robin P. , Wadsworth Sally J. , DiLalla Lisabeth F. , Berenbaum Sheri A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPubertal timing matters for psychological development. Early maturation in girls is linked to risk for depression and externalizing problems in adolescence and possibly adulthood, and early and late maturation in boys are linked to depression. It is unclear whether pubertal timing uniquely predicts problems; it might instead mediate the continuity of behavior problems from childhood to adolescence or create psychological risk specifically in youth with existing problems, thus moderating the link. We investigated these issues in 534 girls and 550 boys, measuring pubertal timing by a logistic model fit to annual self-report measures of development and, in girls, age at menarche. Prepuberty internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were reported by parents. Adolescent behavior problems were reported by parents and youth. As expected, behavior problems were moderately stable. Pubertal timing was not predicted by childhood problems, so it did not mediate the continuity of behavior problems from childhood to adolescence. Pubertal timing did not moderate links between early and later problems for girls. For boys, early maturation accentuated the link between childhood problems and adolescent substance use. Overall, the replicated links between puberty and behavior problems appear to reflect the unique effects of puberty and child behavior problems on the development of adolescent behavior problems.
Determination of the ideal volume of activating solution and the optimal ratio of spermatozoa per oocyte for Prochilodus brevis fertilization
Authors: Oliveira-Araújo Mayara Setúbal , Lopes Júlia Trugilio , Nunes Larissa Teixeira , Almeida-Monteiro Priscila Silva de , Nascimento Renata Vieira do , Pereira Vanessa Alves , Ferreira Yasmim Maia , Neres Raphael William Ponte , Montenegro Assis Rubens , Leite-Castro Liliane Veras , Salmito-Vanderley Carminda Sandra Brito 
Published: November 2019

SummaryProchilodus brevis is a rheophilic species with a threatened natural population that promotes studies aimed at optimizing reproduction in captivity. The correct quantity of inseminating dose and activating solution volume significantly improves fertilization rates, thereby increasing productivity in captivity. The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of sperm per oocyte and the ideal volume of activating solution to be used in the assisted fertilization of P. brevis. Gametes were collected and fertilization performed in two steps. In step 1, the ideal proportion of spermatozoa was determined based on the fertilization rate:oocyte by testing six doses of semen: D1 = 30 × 103, D2 = 150 × 103, D3 = 300 × 103, D4 = 3 × 106, D5 = 5 × 106, and D6 = 10 × 106. In step 2, the fertilization and hatching rates were evaluated using different volumes of activating solution (V1 – 25 ml, V2 – 50 ml, V3 – 75 ml,V4 – 100 ml, V5 – 125 ml, and V6 – 150 ml). A linear regression equation was estimated from steps 1 and 2. The Student–Newman–Keuls test was used to compare the means. In step 1, the percentage of fertilization increased linearly, reaching a plateau of 51.69%. In step 2, the best fertilization rates were obtained with an estimated ideal volume of 75.64 ml per 2 ml of oocytes. Therefore, the proportion of 928,410.29 sperm:oocyte, associated with the volume of 75.64 ml of water per 2 ml of oocytes, provided the maximum reproductive performance for P. brevis.
Embedding the New Information Literacy Framework in Undergraduate Political Science Courses
Authors: Harden Melissa , Harden Jeffrey J. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTWhat information can I trust? What sources should I include in my paper? Where can I find a quote that fits my argument? Undergraduates ask instructors, classmates, and/or librarians these questions. Meanwhile, instructors bemoan the gap between their expectations for student writing and the finished products. Navigating a large volume of scholarship and critically evaluating potential sources is straightforward for faculty who have long passed key information literacy (IL) thresholds. However, students usually have not reached these thresholds themselves. We offer practical tools—grounded in a new framework for teaching IL—to address these challenges. We demonstrate how instructors can (and should) teach IL skills, with or without direct assistance from librarians. We recommend encouraging students to build context around information sources and slow down as they search. Implementing these tools moves students from passively synthesizing a limited set of (possibly biased) materials to engaging in genuine scholarly inquiry.
ALGEBRAIC ISOMONODROMIC DEFORMATIONS AND THE MAPPING CLASS GROUP
Authors: Cousin Gaël , Heu Viktoria 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe germ of the universal isomonodromic deformation of a logarithmic connection on a stable $n$-pointed genus $g$ curve always exists in the analytic category. The first part of this article investigates under which conditions it is the analytic germification of an algebraic isomonodromic deformation. Up to some minor technical conditions, this turns out to be the case if and only if the monodromy of the connection has finite orbit under the action of the mapping class group. The second part of this work studies the dynamics of this action in the particular case of reducible rank 2 representations and genus $g>0$, allowing to classify all finite orbits. Both of these results extend recent ones concerning the genus 0 case.
Roles of regional production in a global food system
Authors: Peters Christian J. , Gómez Miguel I. , Griffin Timothy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhat is the role of Northeastern agricultural products in the US food system? This paper presents a typology that categorizes where agricultural production and distribution of a specific geographic area, in this case a multi-state region, fits within the US food system. The place of each food is defined based on its production volume, scope of distribution, market timing and agro-ecological niche. Six distinct roles that a region might play in supplying food are identified: (a) the region is a national production center, (b) the region is a seasonally important supplier, (c) regional production and distribution is the primary scale for supplying a food, (d) the product occupies an agro-ecological niche, (e) a product is a co-product of another industry in the region, and (f) the product is marketed explicitly for its geographic provenance as a local or regional product. Illustrative examples of each role are provided from the research of the Enhancing Food Security in the Northeast (EFSNE) regional food systems project. The examples draw from a variety of methodological approaches including regional self-reliance analysis, product case studies, supply chain models, and examination of spatial and temporal patterns in crop and livestock production and marketing. While presented in the context of the Northeast, the typology would likely be valuable for characterizing other regions of the country. We need such a typology to better understand and communicate the value of geographically dispersed agricultural production to creating a resilient food system, thereby improving our decisions of how to respond to future agricultural challenges