bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The structure of SeviL, a GM1b/asialo-GM1 binding R-type lectin from the mussel Mytilisepta virgata
Authors: Kamata Kenichi , Mizutani Kenji , Takahashi Katsuya , Marchetti Roberta , Silipo Alba , Addy Christine , Park Sam-Yong , Fujii Yuki , Fujita Hideaki , Konuma Tsuyoshi , Ikegami Takahisa , Ozeki Yasuhiro , Tame Jeremy R. H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSeviL is a recently isolated lectin found to bind to the linear saccharides of the ganglioside GM1b (Neu5Ac$$\alpha$$α(2-3)Gal$$\beta$$β(1-3)GalNAc$$\beta$$β(1-4)Gal$$\beta$$β(1-4)Glc) and its precursor, asialo-GM1 (Gal$$\beta$$β(1-3)GalNAc$$\beta$$β(1-4)Gal$$\beta$$β(1-4)Glc). The crystal structures of recombinant SeviL have been determined in the presence and absence of ligand. The protein belongs to the$$\beta$$β-trefoil family, but shows only weak sequence similarity to known structures. SeviL forms a dimer in solution, with one binding site per subunit, close to the subunit interface. Molecular details of glycan recognition by SeviL in solution were analysed by ligand- and protein-based NMR techniques as well as ligand binding assays. SeviL shows no interaction with GM1 due to steric hindrance with the sialic acid branch that is absent from GM1b. This unusual specificity makes SeviL of great interest for the detection and control of certain cancer cells, and cells of the immune system, that display asialo-GM1.
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy for monitoring temperature-dependent chloride ion motion in BiOCl plates
Authors: Radoń Adrian , Łukowiec Dariusz , Włodarczyk Patryk 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe dielectric properties and electrical conduction mechanism of bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) plates synthesized using chloramine-T as the chloride ion source were investigated. Thermally-activated structure rebuilding was monitored using broadband dielectric spectroscopy, which showed that the onset temperature of this process was 283 K. This rebuilding was related to the introduction of free chloride ions into [Bi2O2]2+ layers and their growth, which increased the intensity of the (101) diffraction peak. The electrical conductivity and dielectric permittivity were related to the movement of chloride ions between plates (in the low-frequency region), the interplanar motion of Cl− ions at higher frequencies, vibrations of these ions, and charge carrier hopping at frequencies above 10 kHz. The influence of the free chloride ion concentration on the electrical conductivity was also described. Structure rebuilding was associated with a lower concentration of free chloride ions, which significantly decreased the conductivity. According to the analysis, the BiOCl plate conductivity was related to the movement of Cl− ions, not electrons.
Site suitability analysis for potential agricultural land with spatial fuzzy multi-criteria decision analysis in regional scale under semi-arid terrestrial ecosystem
Authors: Özkan Barış , Dengiz Orhan , Turan İnci Demirağ 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to identify suitable potential areas for agricultural activities in the semi-arid terrestrial ecosystem in the Central Anatolia Region. MCDA was performed in fuzzy environment integrated with GIS techniques and different geostatistical interpolation models, which was chosen as the basis for the present study. A total of nine criteria were used, as four terrain properties and five soil features to identify potential sites suitable for agriculture lands in Central Anatolia which covers approximately 195,012.7 km2. In order to assign weighting value for each criterion, FAHP approach was used to make sufficiently sensitive levels of importance of the criteria. DEM with 10 m pixel resolution used to determine the height and slope characteristics, digital geology and soil maps, CORINE land use/land cover, long-term meteorological data, and 4517 soil samples taken from the study area were used. It was identified that approximately 30.7% of the total area (59,921.8 ha) is very suitable and suitable for potential agriculture activities on S1 and S2 levels, 42.7% of the area is not suitable for agricultural uses, and only 27% of the area is marginally suitable for agricultural activities. Besides, it was identified that 34.8% of the area is slightly suitable.
Influence of light/dark cycle and orexins on breathing control in green iguanas (Iguana iguana)
Authors: Fonseca Elisa M. , Vicente Mariane C. , Fournier Stephanie , Kinkead Richard , Bícego Kênia C. , Gargaglioni Luciane H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLight/dark cycle affects the physiology of vertebrates and hypothalamic orexin neurons (ORX) are involved in this function. The breathing pattern of the green iguana changes from continuous to episodic across the light/dark phases. Since the stimulatory actions of ORX on breathing are most important during arousal, we hypothesized that ORX regulates changes of breathing pattern in iguanas. Thus, we: (1) Localized ORX neurons with immunohistochemistry; (2) Quantified cyclic changes in plasma orexin-A levels by ELISA; (3) Compared breathing pattern at rest and during hypoxia and hypercarbia; (4) Evaluated the participation of the ORX receptors in ventilation with intracerebroventricular microinjections of ORX antagonists during light and dark phases. We show that the ORX neurons of I. iguana are located in the periventricular hypothalamic nucleus. Orexin-A peaks during the light/active phase and breathing parallels these cyclic changes: ventilation is higher during the light phase than during the dark phase. However, inactivation of ORX-receptors does not affect the breathing pattern. Iguanas increase ventilation during hypoxia only during the light phase. Conversely, CO2 promotes post-hypercarbic hyperpnea during both phases. We conclude that ORXs potentiate the post-hypercarbic (but not the hypoxic)-drive to breathe and are not involved in light/dark changes in the breathing pattern.
Co-delivery of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine and doxorubicin via gold nanoparticle equipped with affibody-DNA hybrid strands for targeted synergistic chemotherapy of HER2 overexpressing breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Fanghua , Han Mengnan , Wang Xuming , Du Jie , Zhang Honglei , Li Wei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCombination chemotherapy is still of great importance as part of the standard clinical care for patients with HER2 positive breast cancer. As an attractive component, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively studied as biosafety nanomaterials, but they are rarely explored as drug nanocarriers for targeted co-delivery of multiple chemotherapeutics. Herein, a novel affibody-DNA hybrid strands modified AuNPs were fabricated for co-loading nucleoside analogue (5-fluorodeoxyuridine, FUdR) and anthracycline (doxorubicin, Dox). FUdRs were integrated into DNA hybrid strands decorated on AuNPs by DNA solid phase synthesis, and Dox molecules were intercalated into their duplex regions. Affibody molecules coupled to the DNA hybrid strands were distributed the surface of AuNPs, giving them targeting for HER2. The new dual-drug-containing affibody-DNA-AuNPs (Dox@affi-F/AuNPs) owned compact and stable spherical nanostructures, and precise drug loading. Cytotoxicity tests demonstrated that these nanoparticles caused a higher inhibition in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells, and showed better synergistic antitumor activity than simple mixture of the two drugs. The related mechanistic studies proved that Dox@affi-F/AuNPs achieved a remarkable combined antitumor activity of Dox and FUdR by promoting more cells to enter apoptosis pathway. Our work provided a nanomedicine platform for targeted co-delivery of nucleoside analog therapeutics and anthracycline anticancer drugs to achieve synergistic treatment of HER2+ cancer.
Identification of novel biomarkers and candidate small molecule drugs in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis based on bioinformatics analysis of high-throughput data
Authors: Zuo Bin , Zhu JunFeng , Xiao Fei , Wang ChengLong , Shen Yun , Chen XiaoDong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are two major types of joint diseases. The present study aimed to identify hub genes involved in the pathogenesis and further explore the potential treatment targets of RA and OA.
Methods: The gene expression profile of GSE12021 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Total 31 samples (12 RA, 10 OA and 9 NC samples) were used. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in RA versus NC, OA versus NC and RA versus OA groups were screened using limma package. We also verified the DEGs in GSE55235 and GSE100786. Functional annotation and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction of OA- and RA-specific DEGs were performed. Finally, the candidate small molecules as potential drugs to treat RA and OA were predicted in CMap database.
Results: 165 up-regulated and 163 down-regulated DEGs between RA and NC samples, 73 up-regulated and 293 down-regulated DEGs between OA and NC samples, 92 up-regulated and 98 down-regulated DEGs between RA and OA samples were identified. Immune response and TNF signaling pathway were significantly enriched pathways for RA- and OA-specific DEGs, respectively. The hub genes were mainly associated with ‘Primary immunodeficiency’ (RA vs. NC group), ‘Ribosome’ (OA vs. NC group), and ‘Chemokine signaling pathway’ (RA vs. OA group). Arecoline and Cefamandole were the most promising small molecule to reverse the RA and OA gene expression.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest new insights into the underlying pathogenesis of RA and OA, which may improve the diagnosis and treatment of these intractable chronic diseases.
Uronic acid metabolic process–related gene expression–based signature predicts overall survival of glioma
Authors: Feng Yuemei , Li Guanzhang , Shi Zhongfang , Yan Xu , Li Renpeng , Zhai You , Chang Yuanhao , Wang Di , Kahlert Ulf Dietrich , Zhang Wei , Yuan Fang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Glioma is the most common and malignant cancer of the central nervous system, and the prognosis is poor. Metabolic reprogramming is a common phenomenon that plays an important role in tumor progression including gliomas. Searching the representative process among numerous metabolic processes to evaluate the prognosis aside from the glycolytic pathway may be of great significance. A novel prediction signature was constructed in the present study based on gene expression. A total of 1027 glioma samples with clinical and RNA-seq data were used in the present study. Lasso-Cox, gene set variation analysis, Kaplan–Meier survival curve analysis, Cox regression, receiver operating characteristic curve, and elastic net were performed for constructing and verifying predictive models. The R programming language was used as the main tool for statistical analysis and graphical work. This signature was found to be stable in prognostic prediction in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas Network and the Cancer Genome Atlas databases. The possible mechanism was also explored, revealing that the aforementioned signature was closely related to DNA replication and ATP binding. In summary, a prognosis prediction signature for patients with glioma based on five genes was constructed and showed great potential for clinical application.
Lebendiger Heilort in Lettland
Authors: Ancevska Ieva 
Published: December 2020

SummaryDas lettische Dampfbad hat – wie viele andere Dampfbadtraditionen auf der Welt – eine jahrhundertealte Geschichte und ist auch heute noch weit verbreitet. Die Traditionen im lettischen Dampfbad sind mit vorchristlichen lettischen Weltanschauungen und Mythologien verbunden, zum Beispiel begrüßt man zu Beginn des Rituals die Mutter und den Geist des Dampfbades. Das Vorgehen im lettischen Dampfbad entspricht einer festgelegten Reihenfolge, bei dem unter anderem Heilpflanzen und Kälte-Wärme-Wechsel von Bedeutung sind.
Aspirationspneumonie nach Petroleumingestion – Lampenöl ist kein Heilmittel
Authors: Neupert Stephan 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Wir stellen den Fall eines 78-jährigen Mannes vor, der nach Einnahme einer kleinen Menge Petroleum eine Aspirationspneumonie mit konsekutiver Sepsis entwickelt hatte.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Da zunächst von einer versehentlichen Aufnahme ausgegangen worden war, sollte die Verdachtsdiagnose einer demenziellen Erkrankung abgeklärt werden. Eine ausführliche Exploration des Patienten konnte mithilfe fremdanamnestischer Angaben eine psychiatrische Erkrankung ausschließen. Stattdessen stellte sich der Glaube an alternativmedizinische Heilungsversprechen als Ursache der Petroleumingestion heraus.
Therapie und Verlauf Eine psychiatrische Behandlung war nicht notwendig, während sich die körperliche Verfassung nach antimikrobieller Therapie stabilisierte.
Folgerung Das psychiatrische Konsil kann hilfreich sein, um Verhaltensweisen, die auf eine psychische Erkrankung hindeuten, diagnostisch einordnen zu können.
The Effects of Body Mass Index on Softball Pitchers’ Hip and Shoulder Range of Motion
Authors: Friesen Kenzie B. , Anz Adam W. , Dugas Jeffrey R. , Andrews James R. , Oliver Gretchen D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCurrently it is hypothesized that increased body mass index may contribute to overuse injuries. Thus, if hip or shoulder range of motion is affected by body mass index, pitchers may be placing additional stress on joints as they seek to pitch at maximal velocity. The purpose of this study was to examine if range of motion at the hips and shoulders were related to body mass index classification. A sample of 147 female softball pitchers (17.0±4.2 years; 167.6±11.8 cm; 70.6±17.5 kg; body mass index=24.8±4.7 kg/m2) participated. Bilateral hip and shoulder range of motion were assessed. Multivariate analysis of variance results indicated body mass index [Wilks’ Λ=0.742, F=1.722, p=0.014, η2=0.095] significantly affected range of motion of the shoulder and hip. Post hoc results indicated the underweight group had significantly more range of motion than the obese group in hip internal range of motion on both the throwing side (mean difference=12.39, p=0.005) and glove side (mean difference=11.98, p=0.004). Although body composition is not overly emphasized among softball pitchers, the current study reveals excess weight may inhibit proper mechanics. Coaches, athletic trainers, strength and conditioning personnel, and athletes should acknowledge the role that body composition can play in affecting pitch outcomes.
Ergospirometrische Belastungsuntersuchungen in der Pädiatrie
Authors: Engl Tobias , Appel Katharina , Müller Jan , Kühn Andreas , Oberhoffer Renate , Vogt Manfred 
Published: December 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGHintergrund Kardiopulmonale Belastungsuntersuchungen auf dem Fahrrad oder Laufband haben in der Erwachsenenmedizin einen hohen Stellenwert. Sie dienen einerseits zur Feststellung der körperlichen Leistungsfähigkeit, andererseits auch zum Beweis oder Ausschluss kardiopulmonaler Erkrankung. In der Kinder- und Jugendmedizin finden sie im Rahmen von wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen etwa bei kongenitaler Herzerkrankung Anwendung, um den aktuellen Gesundheitszustand zu objektivieren. Dabei wird ihr Stellenwert bei der Behandlung von chronisch kranken Kindern und Jugendlichen gerade im niedergelassenen Bereich noch unterschätzt. Ziel der Arbeit war es, die Indikationen, die Durchführung und die Ergebnisse eines Kollektivs von 100 Patienten einer kinderkardiologischen Praxis darzustellen.Methodik Untersucht wurden 100 konsekutive Patienten (14,2 ± 3,8 Jahre) im Rahmen einer sportwissenschaftlichen Kooperation. Die Untersuchungen wurden standardisiert nach dem Godfrey-Protokoll auf dem Fahrradergometer durchgeführt. Neben der Leistungsfähigkeit in Watt/kg KG wurden die maximale Sauerstoffaufnahme, die respiratorische Austauschrate und die maximale Herzfrequenz erhoben.Ergebnisse 80 % der Patienten hatten eine kardiologische Indikation (26 % angeborene Herzfehler, 39 % erworbene Herzerkrankung, 15 % Rhythmusstörungen). 8 % der Patienten kamen wegen einer Sporttauglichkeit im Rahmen von Leistungssport zur Untersuchung, 6 % mit onkologischer Grunderkrankung, 6 % mit allgemeinpädiatrischen Vorerkrankungen. Alle Patienten konnten problemlos die Untersuchung beenden. Patienten mit angeborenem Herzfehler hatten die niedrigste Sauerstoffaufnahme, gefolgt von Patienten mit onkologischen Erkrankungen.Diskussion In unserem Kollektiv war die Gruppe der kardiologischen Indikation am größten, gefolgt von einem kleinen Anteil von leistungssportlich aktiven Kindern, onkologischen und allgemeinpädiatrischen Patienten. Es wäre ein wünschenswertes Ziel, auch einem größeren Kreis chronisch kranker Kinder basierend auf einer ergospirometrischen Untersuchung ein gezieltes Trainingsprogramm zur Verfügung zu stellen. Daten aus der Erwachsenen-Onkologie zeigen durchaus positive Effekte auf die Morbidität und Mortalität durch strukturierte Sportprogramme.
Testsequenzen für den Praktiker
Authors: Schulze Elke , Kubat Heike 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungBei kraniozervikalen Beschwerden gibt es sowohl im Stehen als auch beim Gehen Hinweise für Defizite in der Haltungskontrolle. Stand- und Gangproben stellen hierfür adäquate Testverfahren dar. Für den Tandemstand, den Einbeinstand und den geschlossenen Stand auf einem 10 Zentimeter dicken Schaumstoff unter standardisierten Bedingungen existieren altersspezifische Standzeitwerte. Sie können in der Untersuchung im Vergleich zu Patienten herangezogen werden und decken Dysfunktionen des sensomotorischen Systems auf. Bezüglich der Gangproben hat sich ein standardisierter Tandemgang bewährt.
„Die Welt hat sich verändert
…“
Authors: Kehl Sven 
Published: December 2020

Liebe Leserinnen und Leserwir können wahrlich nicht behaupten, dass das Jahr 2020 ein langweiliges
gewesen ist. Seit Anfang des Jahres hat die SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie die ganze Welt,
unseren Alltag und die Perinatalmedizin fest im Griff. „Die Welt hat sich
verändert. Und deshalb müssen auch wir uns
ändern“, sagte einst der ehemalige US-amerikanische
Präsident Barack Obama.
Guidelines for Best Practice in the Audiological Management of Adults with Severe and Profound Hearing Loss
Authors: Turton Laura , Souza Pamela , Thibodeau Linda , Hickson Louise , Gifford René , Bird Judith , Stropahl Maren , Gailey Lorraine , Fulton Bernadette , Scarinci Nerina , Ekberg Katie , Timmer Barbra 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIndividuals with severe to profound hearing loss are likely to present with complex listening needs that require evidence-based solutions. This document is intended to inform the practice of hearing care professionals who are involved in the audiological management of adults with a severe to profound degree of hearing loss and will highlight the special considerations and practices required to optimize outcomes for these individuals.
Vapor isotopic evidence for the worsening of winter air quality by anthropogenic combustion-derived water
Authors: Xing Meng , Liu Weiguo , Li Xia , Zhou Weijian , Wang Qiyuan , Tian Jie , Li Xiaofei , Tie Xuexi , Li Guohui , Cao Junji , Bao Huiming , An Zhisheng 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Water vapor emitted from anthropogenic combustion for winter heating in northern China may exacerbate air pollution. This hypothesis is of considerable scientific and environmental interest. We conducted a multiyear sampling campaign of air vapor isotope compositions and associated atmospheric data from the city of Xi’an, located in an enclosed basin in northwestern China. We found that the fraction of combustion-derived water vapor increases with increasing relative humidity and with the concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm in polluted conditions based on field observation, isotopic analysis, and numerical simulation. Our results demonstrated that combustion-derived water is nontrivial when considering energy policy for improving air quality.
Stimulation of soil respiration by elevated CO2is enhanced under nitrogen limitation in a decade-long grassland study
Authors: Gao Qun , Wang Gangsheng , Xue Kai , Yang Yunfeng , Xie Jianping , Yu Hao , Bai Shijie , Liu Feifei , He Zhili , Ning Daliang , Hobbie Sarah E. , Reich Peter B. , Zhou Jizhong 
Published: December 2020

SignificanceThe magnitude of CO2efflux from soils (resulting from autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration) is one of the largest uncertainties in projecting future carbon–climate feedbacks. Despite research over several decades, the magnitude, direction, and duration of such feedbacks and their underlying microbial mechanisms are poorly understood, especially in the context of potentially interacting global environmental changes. In a decade-long experiment examining the interactive effects of CO2and N enrichment, N limitation strengthened the stimulatory effects of elevated CO2on soil respiration, primarily via N mining during the decomposition of more recalcitrant organic compounds. This study also provides a strategy for integrating genomics information into ecosystem and Earth system models to improve carbon-cycle predictions.
Crop wild relatives of the United States require urgent conservation action
Authors: Khoury Colin K. , Carver Daniel , Greene Stephanie L. , Williams Karen A. , Achicanoy Harold A. , Schori Melanie , León Blanca , Wiersema John H. , Frances Anne 
Published: December 2020

Significance
This study provides conservation assessments for 600 US native plants that are wild relatives of important agricultural crops. We found that more than one-half of the species may be endangered in their natural habitats, and that the great majority require further conservation action, both ex situ (in gene banks and botanical gardens) and in situ (in protected areas). Diversity hotspots across the nation represent focal regions for further collecting for ex situ conservation as well as for enhanced habitat protection. Wider collaborations, as well as greater awareness, access to, and information about these resources are needed to bolster their conservation and use.
Uncovering the genetic blueprint of theC. elegansnervous system
Authors: Kovács István A. , Barabási Dániel L. , Barabási Albert-László 
Published: December 2020

SignificanceA fundamental question of neuroscience is how the brain wires itself. Here, we propose a modeling framework that explains how cellular connectivity emerges from neuronal identity, allowing us to offer experimentally falsifiable predictions on the genetic encoding of the connectome. The rapid advances in brain science require quantitative frameworks to integrate genetic and connectome information. The proposed model responds to this need, helping us unveil the genetically driven mechanisms that govern the formation of individual links in the brain.
Machine-learning–driven biomarker discovery for the discrimination between allergic and irritant contact dermatitis
Authors: Fortino Vittorio , Wisgrill Lukas , Werner Paulina , Suomela Sari , Linder Nina , Jalonen Erja , Suomalainen Alina , Marwah Veer , Kero Mia , Pesonen Maria , Lundin Johan , Lauerma Antti , Aalto-Korte Kristiina , Greco Dario , Alenius Harri , Fyhrquist Nanna 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disorder that arises from direct skin contact with irritants or allergens. Representing over 90% of occupational skin disorders, it has a considerable socioeconomic impact, and patients suffering from contact dermatitis can develop a notable physical handicap. Current diagnostic regimes rely on allergy testing, exposure specification, and follow-up visits. However, distinguishing the clinical phenotype of irritant and allergic contact dermatitis, which is important for appropriate therapeutic strategies, remains challenging. This study identifies and validates biomarkers to distinguish allergic and irritant contact dermatitis in human skin, to be used for the development of novel diagnostic methods and to guide clinical diagnosis.