bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effects of sodium azide (NaN3) and colchicine on survival rate and growth on three varieties of tomato (solanum <I>Lycopersicum mill.</I>) in dry season
Authors: Aminu Y. , Badaru I.K. , Fa`iza A.M. , Maryam M.G. 
Published: July 2020

The Effect of Sodium Azide and Colchicine Induced Mutation on Survival and Growth on Three Varieties of Tomato in Dry Season, was investigated with the aim of inducing variability that could be exploited in the improvement of some quality traits in Tomato plants. Three different treatments (chemical mutagenesis via sodium azide, and colchicines. and a combination of sodium azide with Colchicine) were applied on to the three varieties of tomato seeds. The seed of the tomato: (Roma, UC82B and Local varieties) were treated at four different concentrations of colchicine (0.1mM, 1.0 mM, 2.0 mM and 0.0 mM as control). The result obtained revealed highly significant difference (P≤0.01) in the effects of sodium azide on survival rates, leaf area, number of fruits, and pH. Significant improvement (P≤0.05) was also recorded on fruit diameter. Similarly, highly significant differences (P≤0.01) were found between the treatments in all the selected traits except on number of fruits, where no significant differences exist. The result showed that sodium azide and colchicine improve important quality traits of tomato. It was deduced that variety UC82B responds significantly to colchicine. It was concluded that, the sodiuim azide and colchicines improve some quality traits on tomato that could be grown in dry seasons. It was concluded that 0.1 mM concentration of colchicine and sodium azide improve some important quality traits of tomato that could be utilized for further improvement of tomato crop.
Key Words: Sodium azide, Roma, Local variety, UC8, Mutation, Colchicine, Dry season
TLC analysis and antioxidant activity of garden egg leaves
Authors: Umar U.A. , Hassan L.G. , Maradun K.L. 
Published: July 2020

The Solanum melongena is used traditionally to treat different diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and inflammation. This study is aimed at investigating the thin-layer chromatography analysis and antioxidant activity of n-hexane, acetone and methanol leaves extract of Solanum melongena. Sequential extraction with solvents of increasing polarity was carried out using the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The thin-layer chromatography of the extracts carried out with different solvent system. Antioxidant activity was evaluated quantitatively using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) for its free radical scavenging ability. The results of thin-layer chromatography revealed some spots with Rf values in the respective extracts, n-hexane (0.31, 0.42, 0.59, 0.65, 0.72, 0.85, 0.92), acetone (0.97, 0.92, 0.88 and 0.59) and methanol (0.72, 0.83, 0.86, 0.94 and 0.96). The extracts exhibit strong antioxidant activities as radical scavengers, indicating that they have strong proton donating abilities. The results from this research show credence to the traditional application of the plant. Further research is recommended on the isolation and characterization of the antioxidant compounds from the plant.
Key words: DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), Thin layer chromatography, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Planning skills by heads of science departmentand academic performance in science subjects in public secondary schools in Nandi county, Kenya
Authors: Cheruiyot Alfed , Ngeno Viviline , Kibett Joash K. 
Published: July 2020

Curriculum and instructional planning is important to ensure that academic activities run without interruption in an academic year or term. Heads of departments (HODs of Science) play a pivotal role in implementation of curriculum in secondary schools. Planning is one of the functions vested on HODs to ensure proper implementation of curriculum in their departments. This paper therefore looks at HODs planning skills towards academic performance improvement in three science subjects in public secondary schools in Nandi County, Kenya. The decision to choose HODs of science was due to the importance that is placed on science subject but which has recorded below average performance compared to other subjects in Kenya Certificate of Secondary School. The three science subjects under investigation are; Physics, Biology and Chemistry for secondary schools. The study used mixed method research design. The study had three target populations that comprised of 231 heads of departments, 231 principals and 693 teachers. The sample size of the study was determined using Krejcie and Morgan formulae of determining sample size and comprised of 23 principals, 128 HODS of science and 247 teachers who were selected through stratified random sampling. Data collection was through questionnaires and interview schedule. Analysis of data was performed through quantitative and qualitative methods. The correlation analysis was computed from HODs and science teachers’ data. The study discovered that most of them only planned for science practicals to be conducted on occasional basis by teachers in the department. Moreover, the HODs of Science ensured that the planned activities were conducted as planned. However, the HODs of Science were found not to have proper planning skills on ICT usage, acquisition of instructional material and conducting training needs assessment for teachers. The computed correlation statistics showed that there existed significant influence (p<0.05) between planning skills by HODs of Science and academic performance of students in sciences in public secondary schools in Nandi County. The study recommends that HODs of Science need to be informed by Quality Assurance and Standards Officers (QASOs) that they need to be proactive and not reactive to the responsibilities under their docket. Participatory planning practices needs also to be embraced by HODs of Science for improved implementation and execution of set objectives and targets.
Keywords: Planning, Skills, Quality, Performance, Sciences HODs
Relationship between headteachers’ supervision of teaching and learning materials utilization and learners’ performance in activity areas in public pre-primary schools in Narok county
Authors: Kipkoech Kosilei John , Ngeno Viviline , Makero Dr. Syallow Cajertane 
Published: July 2020

The role of headteachers in the supervision of teaching and learning materials utilization even though widely studied has not been explored in regard to its influence on learners’ performance in public preprimary Schools. The study’s aim was to examine the relationship between headteachers’ supervision of teaching and learning materials utilization on learners’ performance in activity areas in public preprimary schools in Narok County. The study was informed by the Education Production Theory by Hanushek (1995) and Cognitive Load Theory by John Sweller (1988). Convergent Mixed Method design was used as it enables the researcher to handle both qualitative and quantitative data that were collected. The target population was 735 pre-primary schools, 735 Headteachers, 1470 pre-school teachers, 30 ECD Coordinators, and 6 Quality Assurance Standards Officers. The sample size comprised of 85 pre-primary schools, 85 head teachers, 85 pre-primary teachers from public preprimary schools, 6 Quality Assurance and Standards Officers and 9 ECD Coordinators. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of headteachers, while the sample for teachers, ECD Coordinators, and Quality Assurance Standards Officers was selected using simple random sampling technique. The researcher used questionnaires, Interview schedule, Center Performance Assessment Tool, and Center Observation Checklist as the main tools for collecting data. The researcher used qualitative and quantitative approaches to analyzing data. This assisted the researcher to summarize data for easy analysis. Regression Analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that headteachers’ supervision of teaching and learning materials utilization had a statistically significant influence on learners’ performance in activity areas.
Keywords: Headteachers’ Supervision of Teaching and Learning Materials Utilization, Learners’ Performance, Activity Areas, Pre-schools, Pre-Primary Schools
Relationship between head teachers’ leadership competencies and effective school management in public primary schools in Narok county, Kenya
Authors: Koskie Joseph Kipkemoi , Sang Cecilia , Ngeno Viviline 
Published: July 2020

In Kenya, the challenge of school management effectiveness has been reported in many public primary schools, despite huge investment in the education sector. The aim of the study was an investigation of the influence of head teachers’ leadership competencies on school management effectiveness in public primary schools in Narok County, Kenya. The study employed the convergent mixed method research design. Data collection was done by using questionnaires, interviews, and checklists for findings. 665 headteachers, 25 Curriculum Support Officers and County Auditor formed the target population. Using purposeful sampling technique, headteachers and Curriculum support officers were selected. SPSS aided in calculating descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The findings of the study indicate that competencies of head teachers affect the discipline of staff and pupils in most public primary schools in the county. The study found that in many schools the headteachers had registered infectiveness in encouraging strict adherence to the school administrative structure; ensuring that the learning environment is child friendly, safe and conducive; in organizing and updating records of learner discipline cases, challenging behavior and interventions; and in displaying of school rules. The study recommended that the Ministry of Education should consider strengthening the monitoring and evaluation for headteachers’ roles; and organizing update trainings for headteachers to enhance their leadership competencies.
Keywords: Headteachers’ Leadership Competencies, Financial Performance, Narok County, Public Primary Schools
Influence of headteachers’ monitoring allocations of teaching and learning materials on learners’ performance in activity areas in public pre-primary schools in Narok County, Kenya
Authors: Kipkoech Kosilei John , Kipgosgei Dr. Andrew Kibet , Ngeno Dr. Viviline 
Published: July 2020

The role of headteachers in the management of teaching and learning materials although widely studied has not been explored in regard to its influence on learners’ performance in public pre-primary Schools. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of monitoring allocation of teaching and learning materials by Headteachers on learners performance in activity areas. Convergent Mixed Method design was used as it enabled the researcher to handle both qualitative and quantitative data that was collected. The target population comprised of 735 pre-primary schools, 735 Headteachers, 1470 preschool teachers, 30 ECD Coordinators, and 6 Quality Assurance Standards Officers. The sample size included 85 pre-primary schools, 85 head teachers, 85 pre-primary teachers from public pre-primary schools, 6 Quality Assurance and Standards Officers and 9 ECD Coordinators. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of headteachers, while the sample for teachers, ECD Coordinators, and Quality Assurance Standards Officers was selected using simple random sampling technique. The researcher used questionnaires, Interview schedule, Center Performance Assessment Tool, and Center Observation Checklist as the main tools for collecting data. The researcher used qualitative and quantitative approaches in analyzing data. Regression Analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that monitoring allocation of teaching and learning materials by Headteachers did not have a statistically significant influence on learners’ performance in activity areas.
Keywords: Monitoring Allocations of Teaching and Learning Materials, Learners’ Performance, Activity Areas, Pre-schools
Intensification de la production agropastorale et genre dans le domaine soudano-sahelien au Burkina Faso
Authors: Napon Katian , Ayantunde Augustine , Da Et Dapola Evariste Constant 
Published: July 2020

La faible pluviométrie et la pauvreté des sols du Séno et du Yatenga au Burkina Faso influencent négativement les rendements agricoles et la production animale. Pour améliorer la productivité et favoriser une meilleure sécurité alimentaire, il est nécessaire d’intensifier le système de culture à travers l’adoption de techniques culturales adéquates. L’objectif de cette étude est d’analyser la pratique des techniques d’intensification durable de la production agropastorale selon le genre. A cet effet, une enquête a été conduite auprès de 632 individus. Un modèle logistique binaire a été utilisé avec SPSS 20 pour vérifier si les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des enquêtés prédisaient de façon significative la pratique d’une technique d’intensification. Une valeur de P < 0,05 a été jugée statistiquement significative. Les résultats révèlent une différence en fonction du genre dans la pratique des techniques d’intensification de la production et montrent que ces différences sont liées au niveau d’éducation, à l’activité primaire, à la taille du ménage, au groupe ethnique, au groupe de genre et à l’âge des enquêtés. Les déterminants de l’adoption des technologies d’intensification de la production agropastorale devraient être pris en compte dans la politique agricole du pays pour une meilleure diffusion de ces technologies auprès des paysans.Mots clés : Technologies améliorées, systèmes mixtes, groupe de genre, Séno, Yatenga.
English Title: Intensification of agro-pastoral production and gender in the Sudano-Sahelian domain in Burkina FasoLow rainfall and poor soils in the Seno and Yatenga regions of Burkina Faso have a negative impact on agricultural yields and livestock production. To improve productivity and promote better food security, it is necessary to intensify the farming systems through the adoption of appropriate of intensification practices. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of gender on intensification practices in agro-pastoral systems. A survey was conducted involving 632 individuals from different gender groups. A binary logistic model was used with SPSS 20 to assess whether the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents had significant effect on intensification practices. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results revealed gender differences in intensification practices and showed that these differences are related to education level, primary activity, household size, ethnic group, gender group and age of the respondents. The determinants of the agro-pastoral production intensification technologies should be taken into account in the country's agricultural policy for a better dissemination of these technologies to farmers.Keywords: Improved technologies, mixed systems, gender group, Seno, Yatenga.
Evaluation agro-morphologique de sept écotypes de lentille de terre (<i>Macrotyloma geocarpum</i>) cultivés au Burkina Faso
Authors: Nana Rasmata , Bonkoungou Saïdou , Coulibaly N’golo Diakalia , Miningou Amos , Bama Bepio Hervé , Sohoro Hawa 
Published: July 2020

Macrotyloma geocarpum est une légumineuse dont sa culture est largement abandonnée au profit de celle d’autres légumineuses. Cette étude avait pour objectif d’identifier les écotypes performants à partir d’une caractérisation agromorphologique dans les conditions pluviales. Les résultats ont montré une diversité phénotypique entre les écotypes pour les caractères couleur du tégument, couleur des fleurs et du pétiole. L’analyse de variance a révélé une faible variabilité entre les caractères quantitatifs. La classification ascendante hiérarchique a mis en évidence 3 ensembles de diversité agro-morphologique. Le premier groupe constitué de 3 écotypes à graines noires, est caractérisé par un nombre important de feuilles trifoliolées à la floraison, un cycle du semis à la floraison intermédiaire et un poids de 100 bonnes graines élevé. Le second groupe compte un seul écotype à graines blanches, caractérisé par un cycle de floraison précoce, un nombre de feuilles trifoliolées faible et un poids de 100 bonnes graines faible. Le troisième groupe constitué de 3 écotypes à graines noires, est caractérisé par un cycle de floraison tardif, un nombre de feuilles trifoliolées moyen et un poids de 100 bonnes graines moyen. Ces résultats pourront contribuer à la création de variétés performantes répondant aux attentes des producteurs et consommateurs.Mots clés: Culture négligée, génotypes, caractères, variabilité, climat.
English Title: Agro-morphological evaluation of seven earth lens (Macrotyloma geocarpum) ecotypes cultivated in Burkina FasoMacrotyloma geocarpum is a legume whose cultivation is largely abandoned in favor of that of other legumes. The objective of this study was to identify successful ecotypes based on agromorphological characterization in rainfed conditions. The results showed phenotypic diversity between the ecotypes for seed coat color, flower color and petiole color. Analysis of Variance revealed little variability between quantitative traits. The hierarchical ascending classification has highlighted 3 sets of agro-morphological diversity. The first group consisting of 3 black-seeded ecotypes is characterized by a large number of trifoliate leaves at flowering, a cycle of sowing at intermediate flowering and a high weight of 100 good seeds. The second group has only one white-seeded ecotype characterized by an early flowering cycle, a low trifoliate leaf count and a low good seed weight of 100. The third group of 3 black-seeded ecotypes is characterized by a late flowering cycle, a medium number of trifoliate leaves and a medium weight of 100 good seeds. These results can contribute to the creation of high-performance varieties that meet the expectations of producers and consumers.Keywords: Neglected crop, Genotypes, characters, variability, climate.
Activité cicatrisante de l’extrait aqueux des feuilles de <i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq. (Arecaceae)
Authors: Sene Madièye , Barboza Firmin Sylva , Top Bousso , Ndiaye Mamadou , Sarr Abdou , Fall Alioune Dior , Sy Guata Yoro 
Published: July 2020

Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae), encore appelée Palmier à huile, constitue une source de nourriture et un remède naturel contre plusieurs pathologies. La présente étude avait pour but d’évaluer l’activité cicatrisante de l’extrait aqueux des feuilles de E. guineensis dans un modèle de brûlures expérimentales de second degré chez le rat de souche Wistar. Deux pommades à 3 et 10% de l’extrait aqueux dans la vaseline (EGV-3% et EGV-10%) ont été utilisées pour le test. Au plan phyto-chimique, l’extrait aqueux renferme des tanins, des flavonoïdes, des alcaloïdes et des stérols-triterpènes. L’application quotidienne des pommades induit une cicatrisation dépendante de la concentration. La vitesse de cicatrisation est plus importante avec EGV-10%, qui induit une réparation tissulaire quasi complète au bout de 22 jours de traitement. Les résultats de cette étude montrent l’intérêt de l’utilisation en milieu traditionnel des feuilles de E. guineensis dans la cicatrisation des plaies et des brûlures.Mots clés : plantes médicinales, brûlures, plaies, cicatrisation

English Title: Wound healing activity of the aqueous leaf extract of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae)
Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecaceae) still called Palm Oil, is a source of food and a natural remedy against several diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the healing activity of the aqueous leaf extract of E. guineensis in second-degree experimental burn model in Wistar strain rat. Two ointments (3 and 10%) of the aqueous leaf extract in the vaseline (EGV-3% and EGV-10%) were used for the test. Phyto-chemically, the aqueous leaf extract contains tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and sterols-triterpenes. Daily application of ointments promotes a concentration-dependent healing. The cicatrization rate is higher with EGV-10%, which induces near-complete tissue repair after 22 days of treatment. These results show the value of traditional using of E. guineensis leaves in the healing of wounds and burns.Keywords: medicinal plants, burns, wounds, cicatrization.
Prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang à la Banque du Sang d’Abéché au Tchad
Authors: Doungous Djamalladine Mahamat , Doutoum Abdelsalam Adoum , Chatte Adawaye , Dounbe Richard Laougangta , Gabdibe Elysée Gondimo , Saleh Oumar , Njintang Nicolas Yanou 
Published: July 2020

En Afrique subsaharienne, les infections transmissibles par la transfusion sanguine comme la syphilis sont très répandues, avec une prévalence pouvant atteindre 25% chez les donneurs de sang. La présente étude avait pour objectif de déterminer la prévalence de la syphilis chez les donneurs de sang au niveau de la Banque du Sang d’Abéché. Nous avons mené une étude transversale à visée descriptive, qui s’est déroulée de mai à août 2017. Les échantillons de sang des donneurs ont été testés par immunochromatographie pour la détection des anticorps anti-tréponémiques (Biomnis®). Sur 789 donneurs de sang inclus dans l’étude, la prévalence de la syphilis était de 4,9 %. Les donneurs étaient à 96,1% de sexe masculin et 3,9% de sexe féminin. Cette prévalence était plus élevée chez les sujets âgés de [21-30] ans, chez les femmes, les donneurs non scolarisés, divorcés et les domestiques/ménagères habitant la zone d’Abéché urbaine. Ces résultats montrent qu’il est nécessaire de mettre en place une politique de suivi et de prise en charge médicale des donneurs de sang atteints de la syphilis.Mots clés: Transfusion sanguine, receveurs, Treponema pallidum, don de sang.

English Title: Prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at Abéché blood bank in ChadIn sub-Saharan Africa, infections transmitted by blood transfusion such as syphilis are widespread, with prevalence up to 25% in blood donors. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of syphilis in blood donors at the Blood Bank of Abéché. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which ran from May to August 2017. Donor blood samples were tested by immunochromatography for the detection of anti-treponemal antibodies (Biomnis®). Of the 789 blood donors included in the study, the prevalence of syphilis was 4.9%. Donors were 96.1% male and 3.9% female. This prevalence was higher in subjects aged [21-30] years, women, out-of-school, divorced and domestic / household donors living in the urban Abéché area. These results shows that it is necessary to set up a policy of monitoring and medical care of blood donors with syphilis.Keywords: Blood transfusion, recipients, Treponema pallidum, blood donation.