bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Algebraic Roadmap of Particle Theories Part III: Intersections
Authors: Furey N. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, the detailed symmetry breaking pathways established in Furey et al. (2024) are bypassed. Instead, a direct route from the Spin(10) model to the Standard Model is enabled via a single algebraic constraint.This single constraint, however, may be reconfigured as a requirement that three actions coincide on a fixed space of multi‐vector fermions. This breaking (from a three‐way intersection) mirrors, in certain ways, the breaking (from a three‐way intersection) in the context of octonionic triality. By extending this result to include quaternions and complex numbers, we find that a five‐way intersection breaks . These are the Standard Model's unbroken gauge symmetries, post‐Higgs‐mechanism.
Insights into the roles of natural graphite in phase change materials
Authors: Tang Zhaodi , Huang Dongmei , Zhang Xi , Wang Bin , Yu Sidong , Guo Ruoyu , Sun Qimin , Wang Jionghui 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) that reversibly release or absorb thermal energy during phase transitions play a significant role in promoting renewable and sustainable energy development. However, the poor shape stability, low thermal conductivity, and inferior energy conversion efficiency of PCMs hinder their wider applicability and are difficult to meet the growing demand. As the precursor of carbon‐based materials, including expanded graphite, graphene oxide, and graphene, natural graphite (NG) finds extensive applications and bring new potentials to the PCMs, enabling multiple cutting‐edge thermal energy applications. Herein, we systematically discuss NG and its derivative‐based composite PCMs for thermal energy storage, thermal energy conduction, and thermal energy conversion. This paper aims to offer insights into the roles of NG in PCMs and hope to provide a useful guide for the design of next‐generation composite PCMs with high‐energy‐density, high thermal conductivity and high energy conversion efficiency.
MAPK and STAT3 Inhibitors Modulate FoxP3 Expression and Regulatory T Cell Function
Authors: García‐Díaz Nuria , Solli Elise , Hajjar Ehsan , Cornillot‐Clément Selma , Landskron Johannes , Ahmad Rafi , Wei Qian , Taskén Kjetil 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRegulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subset of T cells defined by the expression of Forkhead box protein P3 (FoxP3) playing a crucial role in regulating effector T cell activity. Tregs accumulate in the tumor microenvironment facilitating tumor growth. Thus, targeting FoxP3+ Tregs could improve cancer immunotherapies. Here, we conducted a high‐throughput, phenotypic screening of a drug repurposing library to identify compounds downregulating FoxP3 expression in human primary T cells. We identified the tyrosine kinase inhibitor bosutinib and the STAT3 inhibitor nifuroxazide effectively downregulating FoxP3 expression. To identify more potent compounds, structural analogs of these two compounds were searched and validated. These analogs were found to reduce FoxP3 expression in a similar‐ or more potent manner than the original hits. All compounds inhibited Treg suppressive functions and reduced the expression of Treg activation markers. Importantly, bosutinib disrupted FAK and CaMKII signaling more potently in Tregs, whilst nifuroxazide and its analog NA16 targeted STAT3 protein levels more effectively in Tregs. Additionally, bosutinib and NA16 targeted effector Tregs more effectively than other Treg subsets. In summary, bosutinib, nifuroxazide, and their analogs inhibited FoxP3 expression, Treg suppressive abilities, and Treg activation effectively, which could serve as tools for the improvement of current cancer immunotherapies.
Tissue‐Resident Regulatory T Cells Expressing CD83 Maintain Local Homeostasis and Restrict Th2 Responses in Asthma
Authors: Heiß Anita , Krammer Susanne , Kuhnt Christine , Draßner Christina , Beck Philipp , Geiger Adriana , Schliep Stefan , Geppert Carol‐Immanuel , Steinkasserer Alexander , Wild Andreas B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNon‐lymphoid tissue Tregs (NLT‐Tregs) are critical for tissue homeostasis, inflammation control, and induction of tissue repair. Recent single‐cell RNA sequencing data identified the expression of CD83 as part of an NLT‐Treg signature, which is an essential molecule for the stability and differentiation of lymphoid Tregs. However, the biological significance of CD83 expression for NLT Tregs has not yet been elucidated. The present study explores for the first time the role of CD83 expression by lung‐resident Tregs in the steady state and during asthma to understand its importance in barrier tissues. We evaluated the effect of Treg‐specific CD83 deletion (CD83cKO) on the lung‐resident T‐cell compartment and cytokine profile. CD83‐deficient lung Tregs are less differentiated but more activated, resulting in unrestrained T‐cell activation. Further, CD83cKO mice were challenged in an asthma model and showed an accelerated disease progression, driven by Th2‐biased T‐cell responses. CD83cKO Tregs exhibited enhanced responsiveness to IL‐4, leading to insufficient control of Th2‐differentiation from naïve T cells. These findings underscore the pivotal role of CD83 in the NLT‐Treg‐mediated modulation of Th2 responses. Overall, our results highlight CD83 as a key player in tissue homeostasis and inflammatory responses, suggesting potential therapeutic implications for inflammatory disorders such as asthma.
Typification of Eight Names of Asian Species of Chrysopogon (Poaceae)
Authors: Chougule Uday L. , Shaikh Tarbej J. , Potdar Girish G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAs part of a comprehensive taxonomy of Chrysopogon from India, seven of the eight untypified names (Chrysopogon aucheri, C. hamiltonii, C. lancearius, C. nodulibarbis, C. polyphyllus, C. serrulatus, C. verticillatus) are lectotypified, and C. fulvus is neotypified.
Selective Broadband Topological Slow Light in Multimode Waveguides
Authors: Liu Tianji , Iwamoto Satoshi , Li Wei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTopological protection provides an appealing chance to suppress the backscattering loss and wave localization. The emerging broadband topological slow‐light waveguides are promising for many on‐chip applications. However, topological slow‐light waveguides so far are limited to single mode, multiple slow‐light modes are still unexplored which can promote the transmission capacity and bring in novel functionalities. Here, through Brillouin zone winding induced by side‐coupled resonator arrays, topological one‐way multimode waveguides with group velocity selectivity resulting from mode parity matching are demonstrated. One‐way modes with a large group velocity contrast and dual slow light modes are respectively obtained. The conversion between two modes with distinct group velocity due to the perturbation of mirror symmetry is also observed. Furthermore, in line perturbed one‐way waveguides, near‐perfect mode fidelity, and backscattering immunity against strong asymmetric disorders is simultaneously achieved. The results reveal exciting opportunities toward the exquisite group velocity manipulation for slow‐light applications.
Photon Recycling Triggered Amplified Spontaneous Emission in MAPbBr3‐Ni(AcO)2 Nanocomposite Waveguides
Authors: Soriano‐Díaz Sandra , Noguera‐Gómez Jaume , Martínez‐Pastor Juan P. , Boix Pablo P. , Abargues Rafael , Suárez Isaac 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetal halide perovskites’ optoelectronic properties are particularly interesting for lasers, yet obtaining efficiently the required charge carrier density can be challenging. Photon recycling, a critical process in optoelectronic devices, is harnessed here to enable lasing under a low threshold in a system based on MAPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs). This is achieved in a waveguide structure where the NCs are grown in‐situ within a Ni(AcO)2 matrix, offering a cost‐effective and straightforward approach for producing a high‐quality active material with exceptional optical properties and outstanding photoluminescence quantum yield. The film contains two distinct NCs populations, sized 5 and 50 nm, enabling emitted light from smaller NCs to be reabsorbed by larger ones. The concentration of NCs is optimized to enhance photons recycling across 2–3 mm long waveguide structures. The propagating flux of emitted light plays an important role in facilitating waveguided stimulated emission, controlling the emission wavelength, and significantly lowering the amplified stimulated emission threshold to Pth≈1 µJ cm−2, which is three times smaller than a similar device without photon recycling. The device also exhibits narrow and stable emission lines with an exceptionally high‐quality factor (≈10⁴), a result of random lasing modes caused by the formation of scattering loops through the large NCs.
Ultrarobust and Precise Luminescence Thermometry Enabled by the Combination of Reassembled Emission Spectra With Denoising Neural Network
Authors: Xu Wei , Li Wang , Cui Junqi , Hu Chunhai , Zheng Longjiang , Zhang Zhiguo , Sun Zhen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNanomaterial‐based luminescence thermometry enables non‐invasive in vivo temperature measurement with high spatial resolution, which is crucial for driving advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. However, spectral distortions and luminescence signal attenuation resulting from complex light‐tissue interactions pose substantial challenges to the practical application of this method. Here, a new strategy is presented, termed reassembled emission spectra (RaES) thermometry, for ultrarobust thermal sensing in biological environments. RaES integrates the temperature‐sensitive features of sub‐spectra from multiple luminescent centers, creating a thermometric parameter that is exclusively governed by temperature. To enhance accuracy further, deep learning‐based denoising is preliminarily incorporated into luminescence thermometry. A U‐shaped convolutional neural network model with high performance is constructed with data augmentation to recover emission spectra from significant noise with minimal bias. Empowered by the denoising model, the proposed sensing approach achieves excellent results even in challenging experiments, such as temperature measurements under static blood solution interference (ΔT = 0.23 °C) and real‐time thermal monitoring during dynamic blood diffusion (ΔT = 0.37 °C), where the conventional luminescence sensing method proves completely ineffective. Being independent of specific materials and equipment, this thermometry approach offers a versatile solution adaptable to harsh environments.
Silicon Nitride‐Photonics‐Enabled Optical Pumping for Optically Pumped Magnetometer
Authors: Xu Yuting , Chai Zhen , Meng Xiaoqin , Xu Yan , Sun Jie , Zhou Peng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiscrete optical system in optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) presents a significant challenge to their integration into high‐spatial‐resolution magnetic field detection. Here, the electron spin polarization of atoms using a fiber‐coupled silicon nitride () photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is demonstrated, by the way of delivering arrayed elliptically polarized light (EPL) into a vapor cell. Specifically, the photonic integrated circuit (PIC) transforms fiber‐coupled 795 nm pump light via optical waveguides to eight divergent free‐space beams, simultaneously converting linear polarized light (LPL) into EPL with an average polarization conversion efficiency of 71%. The PIC‐enabled OPM has detected the weak magnetic field with an optimal sensitivity of 0.53 pT at 70Hz. This work presents an effective approach for manipulation of alkali atoms using a chip and, crucially, introduces a chip‐based pump solution for OPMs. This approach contributes to the integration of nanophotonics with atomic systems, paving the way for future advancements in quantum sensing.
LEADERS: LEARN FROM AI TO OVERCOME YOUR LOCAL MAXIMUM
Authors: Taub Judah 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe author is founder and managing partner of Hetz Ventures, one of Israel’s leading early‐stage venture capital firms; and has previously served in elite commando and intelligence military units. He discusses the concept of a “local maximum,” which he describes as “a point on a field that is not the highest or the best, but it is a point from which we can only go down in order to continue further.” He outlines “three techniques and approaches used by AI – and which can be used by all of us to overcome local maximums.” Within point one, “agility can be both a function of an organization’s mindset and DNA, and the hard quantifiable metrics such as the level of CapEx (capital expenditures) versus OpEx (operating expenses).” Within point two, “we will always be limited by time. However, learning to utilize time as a variable, trading it sometimes as a buyer and sometimes as a seller, increases our potential outcome to reach a higher maximum.” And he concludes that, “as artificial intelligence continues to improve, we may find that the lessons it teaches us are more impactful than the tasks it performs.”
FROM FRONTLINES TO BOARDROOMS: LESSONS IN LEADERSHIP AND INNOVATION FROM UNDER THE MANGO TREE
Authors: Bartkus Viva Ona , Block Emily S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe authors (Bartkus, Professor Emerita at the University of Notre Dame; and Block, the George M. Cormie Chair of Management in the Alberta School of Business) write about the applicability of lessons learned in war zones and other extreme environments for today’s business challenges. Dr. Bartkus “founded the Business on the Frontlines Program seeking to harness the dynamism of business in rebuilding societies ravaged by conflict and deep poverty.” Case studies are provided, “from the dusty roads of Uganda to the high‐stakes vaccine distribution efforts of J&J,” during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The authors contend that they “uncover a universal truth about leadership: the most powerful innovations often emerge from the most challenging environments. Whether facing armed middlemen or vaccine skepticism, leaders who can adapt frontline strategies to their unique contexts gain a critical edge in our increasingly complex and interconnected world.” The lessons include, in their words, Map the Entire Landscape and Follow the Money, Build Unconventional Partnerships, Fail fast and forward, and Get Your Boots Dirty. They believe that “effective leaders in challenging environments must look beyond traditional partners and stakeholders. This often means overlooking salient differences and digging deeper to understand the motivations and needs of all parties, including potential adversaries.”
MICROCOURAGE©: A NEW PROCESS FOR LEADERSHIP
Authors: Bowman‐Ottomanelli CB 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe author, CEO of the Association of Corporate Executive Coaches, contends that the “essence of courageous leadership contains elements of providing the space for inspiration, innovation, and creativity for others, where every individual feels empowered to step out of their comfort zone, voice their ideas, and use their initiative.” She discusses the seven steps of “Microcourage©️.” She describes the latter as “a process and also a philosophy, a mindset freeing us from disassociating ourselves from our accomplishments.” The seven steps are in her words: to exert; to explore; to examine; to express; to engage; to execute; to resurge. She discusses leaders who have displayed courage in the past, including Johnson & Johnson CEO James Burke during the 1982 Tylenol scare in Chicago. She also focuses on current courageous CEOs, such as Mary Barra of GM; Satya Nadella of Microsoft; and Jane Fraser of Citi/Citigroup. The author also examines “direct cases of courage as related to motivation”: Patagonia’s Yvon Chouinard; the former Prime Minister of New Zealand, Jacinda Ardern; and NVIDIA’s Jensen Huang. She notes that “as we look to the future, the need for leaders who are willing to take bold steps, make difficult decisions, and inspire their teams through courage and conviction will only continue to grow.”
PURPOSE DRIVEN LEADERSHIP: WORKING TOGETHER TO CREATE VALUE FOR ALL STAKEHOLDERS
Authors: Finneran Patrick 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe author, founder and CEO of Accelerated Performance Solutions, recounts lessons learned during a long military career to “senior leadership roles to McDonnell Aircraft and Boeing.” He relates how “getting out of the office and showing up on the production line to talk with our teams, often on the second and third shift, proved to be very beneficial. It is amazing what you can learn when people see that you care.” Formative experiences for the author included collaborating at Boeing with Alan Mulally, the former CEO of Boeing Commercial Airplanes and Ford Motor Company: “Alan knew that people wanted to be respected and appreciated. He didn’t just talk about building airplanes but the higher purpose of connecting our world. He shared this vision with all the stakeholders, ‘everyone included’.” In terms of how the various parts of an organization work together, he contends that “successful organizations thrive, in the long term by maintaining focus on their core purpose and having a compelling vision for the future. They create a nurturing culture driven by a few powerful values that foster unselfish, inclusive, team‐oriented behavior. They have a well‐defined mission that articulates not only what the organization does but who they serve. The vision, values and mission, when widely shared with all stakeholders, serve to align and empower all teammates.”
HOW TO BE A B‐SUITE LEADER WITH C‐SUITE IMPACT
Authors: Houghton Rebecca 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe author, founder of BoldHR, outlines how middle managers can gain more influence and leverage within organizations. These managers “are essential for bridging strategy and execution, yet receive little of the attention or support they deserve.” She contends that “if we expect middle managers to adopt a more strategic mindset—thinking less like the middle managers of the past and more like C‐suite leaders—it’s time for a radical rebrand.” She provides “steps we can take to instill a C‐Suite mindset in all middle managers—based on data from more than 1,000 managers in Australia.” The steps, in the author’s words, are: Assess Leadership Maturity; Focus Less on How the Work Gets Done and More on What Work Gets Done; Confront the root cause of burnout and control the pace; Once you’ve “controlled the pace,” “use the space” to boost confidence. And she notes that her company’s research shows four competencies in particular are crucial to be developed in middle managers: the “ability to motivate and engage others, their capacity to cope, their skills in managing up, and their willingness to manage their reputation. With the exception of coping, these competencies are dominated by influencing ‐ a habit that most middle managers engage with reluctantly.”
USING TRUST AND BOUNDARIES IN LEADERSHIP TO ALLOW DIVERSITY TO BLOOM
Authors: Betschart Sonja 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe author, who describes herself as Co‐Founder and Co‐Pilot of WeRobotics, “a global social impact organization that works to amplify the power of local expertise to multiply sustainable solutions for development, humanitarian aid, and climate,” which operates primarily in the Global South. She further states that “we co‐create and co‐facilitate the Flying Labs Network, a model for how a decentralized and bottom‐up approach to localization can unleash the abundance of solutions that we need to confront the mounting challenges that face us all.” She says that, in terms of the “gifts of diversity,” the “common thread running through the 30+ years of my career has been my deep belief in the power of local. This means that the ones closest to the problem and/or customer are the ones who hold the key to the most fitting and effective solutions.” And in cultivating trust, and notes that “with the freedom to speak up and to try new things comes creativity and collaboration, and the diversity of ideas, backgrounds, and experiences comes alive in surprising and beautiful ways.” The author and her colleagues have learned that diversity is “essential for our success, the key factor behind creativity, innovation, and real change.”
OUR FUTURE HINGES ON THE LEADERS WE FOLLOW
Authors: McArthur Sarah 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe author, Leader to Leader’s editor‐in‐chief, reflects on the devastating wildfires in the Los Angeles, California area and broadens this into a discussion on what it means to be a leader and a follower in today’s digital age. She notes that there are many definitions of the word leader, and that at the “most basic level,” there is a definition from a 1996 essay by Peter Drucker, which includes these words: “The only definition of a leader is someone who has followers. Some people are thinkers. Some are prophets. Both roles are important and badly needed. But without followers, there can be no leaders.” Yet, she notes that in today’s social media‐based culture, the word “followers” has taken on an additional meaning, with many millions of “followers” for athletes, actors, and other “influencers.” She further relates that “it is important to note that according to Drucker’s definition, these Instagram celebrities are in fact leaders in this relatively new era we call the Digital Age.” And that leaders’ “exceptional performance is rooted in their motivation to develop those around them and their focus is less about creating and enlisting more followers and more about creating more leaders for our organizations, our communities, and our countries of tomorrow.”
Balanced‐to‐Single‐Ended Out‐of‐Phase Filtering Power Divider With Continuously Tunable Center Frequency and Bandwidth Using Compact Patch Resonators
Authors: Wang Huaiwei , Zhang Gang , Tian Jie , Tam Kam‐Weng , Tang Wanchun , Yang Jiquan , Zhang Jinlong , Li Na 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a novel compact balanced‐to‐single‐ended out‐of‐phase filtering power divide with continuously tunable center frequency and bandwidth. By introducing a T‐shaped slot on the isosceles right triangle patch resonator to perturb the TM10 mode and exploring varactors‐loaded stubs, a new tunable miniaturized patch resonator is created. The proposed filter comprised three new tunable patch resonators connected by back‐to‐back varactors to adjust bandwidth in between. By studying the electric field distribution of the odd mode TM10 and grounded isolation resistors, the wished out‐of‐phase output signal and good port‐to‐port isolation can be generated. Based on such a simple structure, a balanced‐to‐single‐ended out‐of‐phase filtering power with tunable bandwidth is designed and realized with a center frequency tuning range covering from 1.60 to 1.95 GHz (19.7%) and 3‐dB bandwidth tuning range covering from 265 to 328 MHz at 1.90 GHz.