bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperacute brain magnetic resonance imaging of decompression illness in a commercial breath‐hold diver
Authors: Kohshi Kiyotaka , Morimatsu Yoshitaka , Tamaki Hideki , Ishitake Tatsuya , Denoble Petar J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDecompression illness in breath‐hold diving is a rare dysbaric disease mainly characterized by stroke‐like neurological disorders. The early use of DWI‐MRI combined with ADC map in suspected cases can help in the early diagnosis and treatment.
Non‐emissive RuII Polypyridyl Complexes as Efficient and Selective Photosensitizers for the Photooxidation of Benzylamines
Authors: Yagüe Cristina , Echevarría Igor , Vaquero Mónica , Fidalgo Jairo , Carbayo Arancha , Jalón Félix A. , Lima João C. , Moro Artur J. , Manzano Blanca R. , Espino Gustavo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFive new RuII polypyridyl complexes bearing N‐(arylsulfonyl)‐8‐amidoquinolate ligands and three of their biscyclometalated IrIII congeners have been prepared and employed as photocatalysts (PCs) in the photooxidation of benzylamines with O2. In particular, the new RuII complexes do not exhibit photoluminescence, rather they harvest visible light efficiently and are very stable in solution under irradiation with blue light. Their non‐emissive behavior has been related to the low electrochemical energy gaps and rationalized on the basis of theoretical calculations (DFT analysis) that predict low S0←T1 energy values. Moreover, the RuII complexes, despite being non‐emissive, display excellent activities in the selective photocatalytic transformation of benzylamines into the corresponding imines. The presence of an electron‐withdrawing group (‐CF3) on the arene ring of the N‐(arylsulfonyl)‐8‐amidoquinolate ligand improves the photocatalytic activity of the corresponding photocatalyst. Furthermore, all the experimental evidence, including transient absorption spectroscopy measurements suggest that singlet oxygen is the actual oxidant. The IrIII analogues are considerably more photosensitive and consequently less efficient photosensitizers (PSs).
Solubility‐Driven Isolation of a Metastable Nonagold Cluster with Body‐Centered Cubic Structure
Authors: Shen Hui , Selenius Elli , Ruan Pengpeng , Li Xihua , Yuan Peng , Lopez‐Estrada Omar , Malola Sami , Lin Shuichao , Teo Boon K. , Häkkinen Hannu , Zheng Nanfeng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe conventional synthetic methodology for atomically precise gold nanoclusters by using reduction in solution offers only the thermodynamically most stable nanoclusters. Herein, a solubility‐driven isolation strategy is reported to access a metastable gold cluster. The cluster, with the composition of [Au9(PPh3)8]+ (1), displays an unusual, nearly perfect body‐centered cubic (bcc) structure. As revealed by ESI‐MS and UV/Vis measurements, the cluster is metastable in solution and converts to the well‐known [Au11(PPh3)8Cl2]+ (2) within just 90 min. DFT calculations revealed that although both 1 and 2 are eight‐electron superatoms, there is a driving force to convert 1 to 2 as shown by the increased cohesion and larger HOMO–LUMO energy gap of 2. The isolation and crystallization of the metastable gold cluster were achieved in a biphasic reaction system in which reduction of gold precursors and crystallization of 1 took place concurrently. This synthetic protocol represents a successful strategy for investigations of other metastable species in metal nanocluster chemistry.
Region‐ and neuronal‐subtype‐specific expression of Na,K‐ATPase alpha and beta subunit isoforms in the mouse brain
Authors: Murata Koshi , Kinoshita Tomoki , Ishikawa Tatsuya , Kuroda Kazuki , Hoshi Minako , Fukazawa Yugo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNa,K‐ATPase is a ubiquitous molecule contributing to the asymmetrical distribution of Na+ and K+ ions across the plasma membrane and maintenance of the membrane potential, a prerequisite of neuronal activity. Na,K‐ATPase comprises three subunits (α, β, and FXYD). The α subunit has four isoforms in mice, with three of them (α1, α2, and α3) expressed in the brain. However, the functional and biological significances of the different brain isoforms remain to be fully elucidated. Recent studies have revealed the association of Atp1a3, a gene encoding α3 subunit, with neurological disorders. To map the cellular distributions of the α subunit isoforms and their coexpression patterns, we evaluated the mRNA expression of Atp1a1, Atp1a2, and Atp1a3 by in situ hybridization in the mouse brain. Atp1a1 and Atp1a3 were expressed in neurons, whereas Atp1a2 was almost exclusively expressed in glial cells. Most neurons coexpressed Atp1a1 and Atp1a3, with highly heterogeneous expression levels across the brain regions and neuronal subtypes. We identified parvalbumin (PV)‐expressing GABAergic neurons in the hippocampus, somatosensory cortex, and retrosplenial cortex as an example of a neuronal subtype expressing low Atp1a1 and high Atp1a3. The expression of Atp1b isoforms was also heterogeneous across brain regions and cellular subtypes. The PV‐expressing neurons expressed a high level of Atp1b1 and a low level of Atp1b2 and Atp1b3. These findings provide basic information on the region‐ and neuronal‐subtype‐dependent expression of Na,K‐ATPase α and β subunit isoforms, as well as a rationale for the selective involvement of neurons expressing high levels of Atp1a3 in neurological disorders.
Effect of area on color harmony in simulated interiors
Authors: Odabaşıoğlu Seden , Olguntürk Nilgün 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to examine the effect of area on color harmony in simulated interior spaces. The secondary aim of the study is to investigate how the term color harmony is defined and the link between color harmony and related terms used to define it. These terms can explain why a color scheme is evaluated as harmonious. Four sets of three‐color combinations created by using the hues red, blue, yellow, green, purple, and orange were studied in a simulated office interior emphasizing different proportional use of each color. Firstly, participants evaluated harmony content of the images. Secondly, they evaluated each image regarding the terms related to color harmony. Findings indicated that area had an effect on color harmony for two of the color combinations (warm & cool). However, there were no strong but rather moderate and weak correlations between color harmony and the terms.
Cyclic Aliphatic Hydrocarbons as Linkers in Metal‐Organic Frameworks: New Frontiers for Ligand Design
Authors: Slyusarchuk Valentyna D. , Kruger Paul E. , Hawes Chris S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this Minireview we outline the development of cyclic aliphatic moieties as ligands in metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), with a focus on the relationship between ligand design and synthesis and the properties of the subsequent materials. Aliphatic ligands have received considerably less attention than aromatic analogues in MOF chemistry but offer advantages in their unique combinations of geometric and electronic properties which are unattainable from conventional ligands. Here, we focus on rigid and semi‐rigid backbone moieties derived from monocyclic and fused polycyclic aliphatic backbones, including cyclohexane and adamantane, cubane and bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, and discuss the synthetic chemistry of these species along with their potential importance as the next generation of building blocks for microporous materials.
SARS‐CoV‐2 Seroconversion in Humans: A Detailed Protocol for a Serological Assay, Antigen Production, and Test Setup
Authors: Stadlbauer Daniel , Amanat Fatima , Chromikova Veronika , Jiang Kaijun , Strohmeier Shirin , Arunkumar Guha Asthagiri , Tan Jessica , Bhavsar Disha , Capuano Christina , Kirkpatrick Ericka , Meade Philip , Brito Ruhi Nichalle , Teo Catherine , McMahon Meagan , Simon Viviana , Krammer Florian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn late 2019, cases of atypical pneumonia were detected in China. The etiological agent was quickly identified as a betacoronavirus (named SARS‐CoV‐2), which has since caused a pandemic. Several methods allowing for the specific detection of viral nucleic acids have been established, but these only allow detection of the virus during a short period of time, generally during acute infection. Serological assays are urgently needed to conduct serosurveys, to understand the antibody responses mounted in response to the virus, and to identify individuals who are potentially immune to re‐infection. Here we describe a detailed protocol for expression of antigens derived from the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2 that can serve as a substrate for immunological assays, as well as a two‐stage serological enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These assays can be used for research studies and for testing in clinical laboratories. © 2020 The Authors. Current Protocols in Microbiology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Mammalian cell transfection and protein purificationBasic Protocol 2: A two‐stage ELISA for high‐throughput screening of human serum samples for antibodies binding to the spike protein of SARS‐CoV‐2
Living wage in the framework of corporate social responsibility: Analyzing its impact on consumer response
Authors: Guerrero Medina Carlos , Martínez‐Fiestas Myriam , Viedma‐del‐Jesus Maria I. , Alzamora Ruiz Jessica 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSeveral studies indicate that corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a positive impact on consumer response. However, in spite of its effect can greatly vary, not all types of CSR have been equally examined. The current study evaluates, for the first time, the impact of living wage (LW) on consumer response through a comparative analysis with another CSR initiative, fair trade (FT), whose impact has been the subject of wide research. The findings suggest that LW has a greater effect on the perceived value of commercial proposals than FT within the segment of consumers that values CSR (prosocial). Moreover, each initiative generates a high level of processing fluency among this group. However, the main difference with LW is that it also exerts a positive impact on consumers that are averse to CSR (non‐prosocials). The findings are examined taking into consideration the beneficiary proximity. Academic, methodological, business, and social implications are identified.
A zebrafish hox gene acts before gastrulation to specify the hemangioblast
Authors: Zhang Changqing , Featherstone Mark 
Published: April 2020

SummaryHox genes encode transcription factors that have been implicated in embryonic, adult and disease processes. The earliest developmental program known to be directed by Hox genes is the timing of ingression of presumptive axial mesoderm during gastrulation. We previously used morpholino (MO)‐based knockdown to implicate the zebrafish hoxd4a gene in the specification of the hemangioblast, an event occurring at pre‐gastrulation stages, well before the earliest known Hox gene function. The precise time at which hoxd4a function is required for this specification is not defined. We therefore fused the hoxd4a coding region to the human estrogen receptor (hERT2). Following co‐injection of anti‐hoxd4a MO with mRNA encoding the Hoxd4a‐ERT2 fusion protein, hemangioblast specification was fully rescued when embryos were exposed to the estrogen analog 4‐hydroxy‐tamoxifen (4‐OHT) at 4 hr post‐fertilization (hpf), but only poorly at 6 hpf and not at all at 8 hpf, thereby defining a pre‐gastrulation role for Hoxd4a, the earliest developmental function of a vertebrate Hox gene so far described. Both DNA binding and interaction with cofactor Pbx were further shown to be required for rescue of the morphant phenotype. Confirmation of the morphant phenotype was sought via the generation of hoxd4a null mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Null mutants of hoxd4a up to the third generation (F3) failed to recapitulate the morphant phenotype, and were largely refractory to the effects of injected anti‐hoxd4a MO suggesting the action of genetic compensation.
Segmented enlarged‐diameter borehole destressing mechanism and its influence on anchorage support system
Authors: Yao Jinpeng , Yin Yanchun , Zhao Tongbin , Ren Wentao , Qiu Yue , Guo Weiyao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLarge‐diameter borehole destressing technology is one of the main technical measures for the prevention and control of coal mine rock burst. In engineering practice, there is generally a contradicting problem due to the presence of excess destressing which damages support system and insufficient destressing which results in high stress hardly transfer. In this paper, the mechanism of large‐diameter borehole destressing technology and its influence on anchorage support were simulated and analyzed. Based on this, a segmented enlarged‐diameter borehole destressing technology was proposed. The destressing effect at deep part and anchorage strength changing at shallow part of the coal rib were studied under different borehole parameters. Numerical simulation results show that the destressing effect increases with the increase of the borehole diameter, while borehole with oversize diameter increases the deformation of the roadway and weakens the strength of the anchorage support. The diameter‐enlarging point in segmented enlarged‐diameter borehole destressing technology is best placed between the anchorage end and the vertical stress peak point. The anchorage strength is inversely correlated with the diameter of the small‐diameter section, and the destressing effect is positively correlated with the diameter of the large‐diameter section. Based on its advantages in destressing, the segmented enlarged‐diameter boreholes and anchorage support are applied together, and a system of destressing‐support cooperative control of rock burst is presented. The roles in rock burst control of "zone of strong anchorage support" and "zone of low stress and energy dissipation" are described.
Combustion behavior characterization of major crops through cone calorimeter
Authors: Cai Wei , Zhao Zhixin , Wang Wei , Guo Wenwen , Wang Xin , Hu Yuan 
Published: April 2020

SummaryInduced by extremely inflammable characteristic, fire accidents worldwide of crops frequently occur and give rise to loss of life and personal injury. Given this problem, combustion behavior characterization of four major crops was investigated by cone calorimeter. Results confirmed the less quantity of crops needed longer time to be ignited. Meanwhile, the linear relation between the inverse square of time to ignition and heat flux of crops was found. For heat release rate (HRR), it was demonstrated that more quantity of crops prolonged the heat release process. For instance, with heat flux of 50 kW/m2, HRR values of 100 and 50 g soybean at 400 seconds were 212 and 40 kW/m2. Besides, peak values of HRR (PHRR) were close with different mass, especially for corn. Interestingly, compared to less quantity, more quantity crops were harder to be ignited at same heat flux. In addition to soybean, PHRR and total heat release (THR) of crops was gradually increased with the increasing heat flux. Meanwhile, THR values of 100 g crops were lower than double THR of 50 g crops. The investigation of combustion behavior characteristic could guide the safety storage of crops, thus avoiding the occurrence of crops fire hazards.
Assessment of greenhouse technologies on the drying behavior of cocoa beans
Authors: Banboye Frederick D. , Ngwabie Martin N. , Eneighe Silvia A. , Nde Divine B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) are the principal raw material for chocolate manufacture. Before cocoa beans are ready for the chocolate industry, farm‐based fermentation and drying processes are key determinants of bean quality and hence the price. To improve its value, cocoa beans were dried in a modified greenhouse (MGHD), conventional greenhouse (CGHD), and open sun (OSD) dryers. The drying behavior, kinetics, and quality were evaluated. The MGHD was constructed by modifying a conventional greenhouse with a fleece of black polyester material. Evaluation of air properties of the dryers without and with cocoa beans showed that the MGHD had average temperatures of 2 and 8°C above, and relative humidity of 12.28% and 25.48% below the CGHD and OSD, respectively. The drying data were fitted to four thin layer mathematical models. The Page and Overhult models gave favorable ranges of R2 (.976 to .987), chi‐square (3.7 × 10−4 to 9.9 × 10−4), and root mean square (RMSE; 0.0188 to 0.0307) for the three dryers. The cocoa beans dried in the MGHD took a shorter time to reach the expected 5%–8% moisture content and were of grade one quality.
Transient analysis of functionally graded material fin under the effect of Lorentz force using the integral transform method for improved electronic packaging
Authors: Oguntala George , Sobamowo Gbeminiyi , Ahmed Yinusa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the present work, transient analysis of longitudinal fin of functionally graded material under the influence of Lorentz force is considered. The governing equations of the linear, quadratic, and exponential functions are solved via Bessel, Legendre, and modified Bessel functions, respectively. The study investigates the effects of Lorentz force on the performance of the fin. The study shows that the transient response of the fin is lower in the linear law function compared with the exponential law function. The power law function shows significant energy‐saving capability than the linear class functionally graded material heatsink. Moreover, the thermal characteristic of the fin improves with an increase in the convective, radiative, magnetic field parameter, and nonhomogeneous index. The temperature prediction of the present study using the integral transform method is verified with the fourth‐order Runge‐Kutta method with an excellent agreement established.
Why one e‐business adoption model won't fit all firm sizes: The case of Lebanon's e‐service industry
Authors: El Rassi Mary Ann B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study aims to determine the influential factors for e‐readiness among enterprises in developing countries based on their size. Given the well‐recognized value of e‐readiness in promoting e‐business in developing economies, and based on the Perceived e‐Readiness Model that was previously suggested in the literature, the study considered the impact of internal and external factors by firm size on the adoption of e‐business. Survey data were collected from 276 Lebanese senior managers operating in the e‐service industry, and a multiple discriminant function analysis was used to determine whether a set of variables is effective in predicting the e‐readiness of enterprises in two size categories, that is, large and small to medium enterprises. The study observed that the factors that influence enterprises' e‐business adoption vary depending on the firm's size and that one adoption model does not fit “e‐service firms” of different sizes. Large enterprises are more influenced by managers' commitment and the e‐readiness of supporting industries than their smaller counterparts. The research findings will be of interest to managers, policymakers, and academics in the e‐services industry.
Avoiding fights on social media: Strategies youth leverage to navigate conflict in a digital era
Authors: Elsaesser Caitlin M. , Patton Desmond U. , Kelley Allyson , Santiago Jacqueline , Clarke Ayesha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsEmerging qualitative work documents that social media conflict sometimes results in violence in impoverished urban neighborhoods. Not all experiences of social media conflict lead to violence, however, and youth ostensibly use a variety of techniques to avoid violent outcomes. Little research has explored the daily violence prevention strategies youth use on social media, an important gap given the omnipresence of social media in youth culture. This paper examines youth strategies and factors that avoid violence resulting from social media conflict.MethodFour focus groups with 41 teenagers of color solicited strategies to prevent violence resulting from social media conflict. Three coders analyzed data in Dedoose, guided by systematic textual coding using a multi‐step thematic analysis.ResultsFour approaches emerged to avoiding violence from social media conflict: avoid, de‐escalate, reach out for help, and bystander intervention.ConclusionOur findings position youth as key players in efforts to prevent violence from resulting from social media conflict.
Hv1/VSOP regulates neutrophil directional migration and ERK activity by tuning ROS production
Authors: Okochi Yoshifumi , Umemoto Eiji , Okamura Yasushi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigh-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in neutrophils is tightly regulated, as it can damage host cells. Neutrophils also undergo low-level ROS production when stimulated by cytokines or chemoattractants, but its biologic significance remains largely unknown. Voltage-gated proton channels (Hv1/VSOP) activity reportedly supports ROS production in neutrophils; however, we show here that Hv1/VSOP balances ROS production to suppress neutrophil directional migration in the presence of low concentrations of N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLF). Neutrophils derived from Hvcn1 gene knockout mice produced more ROS than neutrophils from wild-type mice in the stimulation with fMLF at concentration of 1 µM and nonstimulus condition. They also exhibited stronger chemotactic responses to low concentrations of fMLF than did wild-type neutrophils. Receptor sensitivity to fMLF and evoked Ca2+ responses did not differ between Hv1/VSOP-deficient and wild-type neutrophils. Activation of ERK, but not p38, was enhanced and prolonged during the increased ROS production seen after fMLF stimulation in Hv1/VSOP-deficient neutrophils. Inhibiting ROS production suppressed the enhanced ERK activation in Hv1/VSOP-deficient neutrophils and their directional migration. These results indicate that Hv1/VSOP balances ROS production to reduce ERK signaling and suppress excessive neutrophil migration in response to fMLF. Our findings thus reveal a novel role for ROS in the directional migration of neutrophils.