bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of the model elements for evaluating the management activities of an industrial enterprise based on KPI specification
Authors: Kukartseva O I , Lobkov K Yu , Tynchenko S V , Fedorova N V , Boyko A A , Danilchenko Yu V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article summarizes modern methods of evaluating the marketing activities of an industrial enterprise and on this basis, identifies the possibilities of using the concept of a balanced scorecard for a comprehensive assessment and its results. These elements serve as the basis for drawing up a model for assessing the management activities of an industrial enterprise. In the study of the relationship between the prospects of the MBSC and the prospects of the key indicators of achievement, it was determined that the marketing mix should include four marketing sub-mixes (product mix, contract mix, communication mix, distribution mix). Each sub-mix is a key indicators of achievement perspective. As a result of these studies, on the basis of prospects, their optimal ratio was found to solve a specific tactical or strategic task of developing the key indicators of achievement. This topic is relevant, since marketing is the most difficult to manage area of the enterprise and therefore it is necessary to use various models and methods for assessing the effectiveness of various factors that help identify diverse problems and coordinate movement towards goals.
Justification for the selection of distances between wells to increase the efficiency of flooding by deposits in terrigenous reservoirs of Western Siberia
Authors: Kuleshova L S , Mukhametshin V V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Under the conditions of oil deposits of Jurassic deposits in Western Siberia, the influence of geological and technological parameters on the degree of response of producing wells to the injection of water into injection wells has been studied. Parameters that have a prevailing effect on the success of water flooding, as reflected by the magnitude of the cross-correlation function, are identified. Water flooding success parameter is proposed. The minimum and critical values of this parameter are established. A technique is proposed for selecting production wells for transferring them to injection, as well as for selecting the density of the grid of wells at the stage of field exit from exploration.
Effect of annealing temperature on corrosion resistance of metal steel samples St52-3
Authors: Nasibullina O A , Tyusenkov A S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the context of increased pace of modern production, the role of heat treatment is increasing, as it is the main method for producing steels with a given structure and mechanical properties. Parts used in production must have a long service life not only at room temperature, but also have high strength characteristics at low and high temperatures. In this regard, special attention is paid to steel used for the manufacture of such parts. One of them is steel grade St52-3 (rus 17Г1C). The aim of the work was to determine the effect of quenching at various temperatures onto corrosion resistance of St52-3 steel. To achieve this goal, tasks such as studying the effect of different tempering temperatures of St52-3 steel on the value of hardness according to the Rockwell method were undertaken. After-treatment gravimetric studies were performed to identify the temperature regime of tempering that minimizes the corrosion rates. It was shown that after tempering, the hardness of the samples decreases with increasing temperature. To assess the corrosiveness of the medium for the test samples, the mass and depth corrosion indicators were calculated. The maximum corrosion rate is observed during quenching and subsequent tempering at a temperature of 300 °C, the minimum at a tempering temperature of 500 °C.
Using the ObjectARX programming environment for modular information-measuring systems design and simulation
Authors: Plotnikov D A , Aljeazna W K M , Lachin V I , Solomentsev K Yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article deals with the development of tools for configuring and modeling modular information and measurement systems. The use of standard solutions for the industrial facilities automation requires the use of special tools – configurators. It is advisable to use one of the popular CAD systems, for example, AutoCAD, as the basis for creating the configurator. Authors analyse various ways for creating and managing AutoCAD projects using built-in tools and external programs. It is shown that ObjectARX environment is the most powerful means of solving such problems, providing maximum integration and performance. The results obtained by the authors during the modular systems configurator development allow recommending ObjectARX for creation of specialized CAD systems based on AutoCAD.
Reduction of a noise influence with sinusoidal signal meters
Authors: Solomentsev K Yu , Lachin V I , Plotnikov D A , Samtchenko V E , Khovpachev A A , Solomentsev Ya K 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the article is to suggest digital processing methods of sinusoidal signal measurements data as well as compensation of sinusoidal noises. This kind of task arises, for example, in implementation of feeder control of electrical power networks, in which an additional ELF voltage source is included between the controlled network and the ground. A leakage current measuring device for this frequency should be installed on each feeder. The suggestion is to use averaging of the sinusoidal signal over several periods to reduce the effect of random interference. For this purpose, several periods of the signal are stored in digital form, measured after equidistant moments of time. Time sampling frequency is selected at least an order of magnitude higher than the frequency of the signal being measured. Then the values “bound” to a particular signal phase are averaged. In addition, it was proposed to use the approximation of the obtained points by a trigonometric polynomial. A series of averaged values corresponding to one period are approximated for this purpose by the sum of the constant component as well as the cosine and sinusoidal components. For approximation, the least squares method is used, which provides the minimum discrepancy between the measured values and the analytical function. The measurement result is presented in a complex form, i.e. as a sum of cosine (actual) and sinusoidal (imaginary) components. As a result, it is possible to isolate oneself from noise and measure the sinusoidal signal with high precision.
Protection of steels subjected to various types of thermal treatment
Authors: Cherepashkin S E , Latypov O R , Tyusenkov A S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Thermal treatment of steels has a certain effect on the corrosion rate of carbon steels. Phase changes in alloys during thermal treatment result in internal stresses, a change in metal potential, and hence an increase in corrosion rate. The use of inhibitors is one of the most effective ways to combat metal corrosion in various aggressive environments. Inhibitors are substances that can slow down or stop chemical processes in small quantities. The purpose of the work is to establish the influence of various types of thermal treatment of steels on the protective capacity of corrosion inhibitors. Similar studies are hardly found in the literature.
Hybrid additive-subtractive methods in robot assisted manufacturing
Authors: Shukalov A V , Dubakin V A , Zharinov I O 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Additive-subtractive methods of making multi-composite metal parts combine the best technologies in a single hybrid production. Both methods used in the general production plan at the same time are justified for metal-consuming products. Each method shows its strengths when operating embedded fabricate systems with different alloys. Non-standard products with geometric nuances still make up the basic nomenclature of additive-subtractive production. Additive-subtractive solutions for enterprises are proposed, which converge both methods on the basis of complex approach. Solutions are new industrial products with the property of direct integration into production elements. The connection of industrial systems through data exchange information networks creates production models, which are controlled independently.
Automation of individual areas of activity through the integration of neural networks
Authors: Zhigalov K , Bratskich I , Polovneva S I 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
At present, a large number of developments in the field of neural networks are being carried out. All of the researchers are trying to use in their solutions and software products the algorithms of neural networks for maximum and automation without a clue of understanding they work. This circumstance can lead to erroneous data. The article is intended to consider the principles of the operation of neural networks in automated systems.
Materials of devices and equipment for deep-sea mining of manganese resources
Authors: Iungemeister D A , Korolev R I , Serzhan S L , Isaev A I , Borodkin E O 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The extraction of oceanic ores will make it possible to extract a complex of strategic metals: manganese, nickel, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, zinc. The following materials are considered as cost-effective mineral raw in the ocean: manganese nodules – MN (Mn, Ni, Cu, Co), cobalt-rich manganese crusts – CMC (Co, Mn, Ni), deep-sea polymetallic sulfides – DPS (Cu, Zn, Au, Ag). As an example, the Indian concept of deepwater development is described, which proposes to use the pipeline as a transport of minerals from the bottom. The calculation of the pipeline transportation system with the indication of shortcomings is given. As an alternative, it is proposed to use a lift of a self-propelled device for minerals on a cable made of special material. The article presents a device for deep-sea mining of MN with pressure drop chambers. The method of application of this device for collecting CMC is replacing the pressure drop chambers with the clamshell type device. The grab must be made of strong and at the same time light material and can be equipped with a hydraulic hammer for preliminary destruction. Elements of the shock system of the hydraulic hammer must also be adapted to the conditions of deep-sea mining by using special metal alloys for manufacturing. The destroyed mass is temporarily stored in a hopper mounted on a collector, which can be made of nylon mesh stretched between plates of titanium alloys. The calculation of the performance of the device for deep-sea mining from is presented.
Systematic map of the literature on carbon lock-in induced by long-lived capital
Authors: Fisch-Romito Vivien , Guivarch Céline , Creutzig Felix , Minx Jan C , Callaghan Max W 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Long-lived capital-stocks (LLCS) such as infrastructure and buildings have significant and long-lasting implications for greenhouse gas emissions. They contribute to carbon lock-in and may hinder a rapid decarbonization of energy systems. Here we provide a systematic map of the literature on carbon lock-in induced by LLCS. Based on a structured search of the Web of Science and Scopus, we identified 226 publications from 38 095 search results using a supervised machine learning approach. We show biases toward power generation and toward developed countries. We also identify 11 indicators used to quantify carbon lock-in. Quantifications of committed emissions (cumulative emissions that would occur over the remaining operational lifetime of an asset) or stranded assets (premature retirement/retrofitting or under-utilization of assets along a given pathway) are the most commonly used metrics, whereas institutional indicators are scarcely represented. The synthesis of quantifications shows that (i) global committed emissions have slightly increased over time, (ii) coal power plants are a major source of committed emissions and are exposed to risk of becoming stranded, (iii) delayed mitigation action increases stranded assets and (iv) sectoral distribution and amount of stranded assets differ between countries. A thematic analysis of policy implications highlights the need to assure stability and legitimacy of climate policies and to enable coordination between stakeholders. Carbon pricing is one of the most cited policy instrument, but the literature emphasizes that it should not be the only instrument used and should instead be complemented with other policy instruments, such as technical regulations and financial support for low carbon capital deployment. Further research is warranted on urban-scale, in developing countries and outside the electricity generation sector, notably on buildings, where stranded assets could be high.
Quaternionic quantum theory admits universal dynamics only for two-level systems
Authors: Steinberg Jonathan , Nguyen H Chau , Kleinmann Matthias 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We revisit the formulation of quantum mechanics over the quaternions and investigate the dynamical structure within this framework. Similar to standard complex quantum mechanics, time evolution is then mediated by a unitary operator which can be written as the exponential of the generator of time shifts. By imposing physical assumptions on the correspondence between the energy observable and the generator of time shifts, we prove that quaternionic quantum theory admits a time evolution only for systems with a quaternionic dimension of at most two. Applying the same strategy to standard complex quantum theory, we reproduce that the correspondence dictated by the Schrödinger equation is the only possible choice, up to a shift of the global phase.
High-quality electrical transport using scalable CVD graphene
Authors: Pezzini Sergio , Mišeikis Vaidotas , Pace Simona , Rossella Francesco , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Coletti Camilla 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Producing and manipulating graphene on fab-compatible scale, while maintaining its remarkable carrier mobility, is key to finalize its technological application. We show that a large-scale approach (chemical vapor deposition on Cu followed by polymer-mediated semi-dry transfer) yields single-layer graphene crystals fully comparable, in terms of electronic transport, to micro-mechanically exfoliated flakes. Hexagonal boron nitride is used to encapsulate the graphene crystals—without taking part to their detachment from the growth catalyst—and study their intrinsic properties in field-effect devices. At room temperature, the electron-phonon coupling sets the mobility to ∼ 1.3 × 105 cm2 V−1 s−1 at ∼ 1011 cm−2 concentration. At T = 4.2 K, the mobility (>6 × 105 cm2 V−1 s−1 at ∼ 1011 cm−2) is limited by the devices’ physical edges, and charge fluctuations < 7 × 109 cm−2 are detected. Under perpendicular magnetic fields, we observe early onset of Landau quantization (B ∼ 50 mT) and signatures of electronic correlation, including the fractional quantum Hall effect.
Comparing associations between frailty and mortality in hospitalised older adults with or without COVID-19 infection: a retrospective observational study using electronic health records
Authors: Owen Rhiannon K , Conroy Simon P , Taub Nicholas , Jones Will , Bryden Daniele , Pareek Manish , Faull Christina , Abrams Keith R , Davis Daniel , Banerjee Jay 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to describe outcomes in hospitalised older people with different levels of frailty and COVID-19 infection.

Methods
We undertook a single-centre, retrospective cohort study examining COVID-19-related mortality using electronic health records, for older people (65 and over) with frailty, hospitalised with or without COVID-19 infection. Baseline covariates included demographics, early warning scores, Charlson Comorbidity Indices and frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale, CFS), linked to COVID-19 status.

Findings
We analysed outcomes on 1,071 patients with COVID-19 test results (285 (27%) were positive for COVID-19). The mean age at ED arrival was 79.7 and 49.4% were female. All-cause mortality (by 30 days) rose from 9 (not frail) to 33% (severely frail) in the COVID-negative cohort but was around 60% for all frailty categories in the COVID-positive cohort. In adjusted analyses, the hazard ratio for death in those with COVID-19 compared to those without COVID-19 was 7.3 (95% CI: 3.00, 18.0) with age, comorbidities and illness severity making small additional contributions.

Interpretation
In this study, frailty measured using the CFS appeared to make little incremental contribution to the hazard of dying in older people hospitalised with COVID-19 infection; illness severity and comorbidity had a modest association with the overall adjusted hazard of death, whereas confirmed COVID-19 infection dominated, with a sevenfold hazard for death.
Multiple-Imputation Variance Estimation in Studies With Missing or Misclassified Inclusion Criteria
Authors: Giganti Mark J , Shepherd Bryan E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In observational studies using routinely collected data, a variable with a high level of missingness or misclassification may determine whether an observation is included in the analysis. In settings where inclusion criteria are assessed after imputation, the popular multiple-imputation variance estimator proposed by Rubin (“Rubin’s rules” (RR)) is biased due to incompatibility between imputation and analysis models. While alternative approaches exist, most analysts are not familiar with them. Using partially validated data from a human immunodeficiency virus cohort, we illustrate the calculation of an imputation variance estimator proposed by Robins and Wang (RW) in a scenario where the study exclusion criteria are based on a variable that must be imputed. In this motivating example, the corresponding imputation variance estimate for the log odds was 29% smaller using the RW estimator than using the RR estimator. We further compared these 2 variance estimators with a simulation study which showed that coverage probabilities of 95% confidence intervals based on the RR estimator were too high and became worse as more observations were imputed and more subjects were excluded from the analysis. The RW imputation variance estimator performed much better and should be employed when there is incompatibility between imputation and analysis models. We provide analysis code to aid future analysts in implementing this method.
Native Language Similarity during Foreign Language Learning: Effects of Cognitive Strategies and Affective States
Authors: Hayakawa Sayuri , Bartolotti James , Marian Viorica 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
According to the US Department of State, a native English speaker can learn Spanish in about 600 h, but would take four times as long to learn Japanese. While it may be intuitive that similarity between a foreign language and a native tongue can influence the ease of acquisition, what is less obvious are the specific cognitive and emotional processes that can lead to different outcomes. Here, we explored the influence of cognitive strategies and affective states on native English speakers’ ability to learn artificial foreign words that vary in their similarity to the native language. Explicit word learning strategies were reported more often, and were more effective for learners of a more similar language, and cognitive strategies were especially helpful for learners with lower moods. We conclude that language similarity, strategy, and affect dynamically interact to ultimately determine success at learning novel languages.
Gene Teller: an extensible Alexa Skill for gene-relevant databases
Authors: Hill Jon D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Summary
Voice assistants have become increasingly embedded in consumer electronics, as the quality of their interaction improves and the cost of hardware continues to drop. Despite their ubiquity, these assistants remain underutilized as a means of accessing biological research data. Gene Teller is a voice assistant service based on the Alexa Skills Kit and Amazon Lambda functions that enables scientists to query for gene-centric information in an intuitive manner. It includes several features, such as synonym disambiguation and short-term memory, that enable a natural conversational interaction, and is extensible to include new resources. The underlying architecture, based on Simple Storage Service and Amazon Web Services Lambda, is cost efficient and scalable.

Availability and implementation
A publicly accessible version of Gene Teller is available as an Alexa Skill from the Amazon Marketplace at https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08BRD8SS8. The source code is freely available on GitHub at https://github.com/solinvicta/geneTeller.
OPA1 deficiency accelerates hippocampal synaptic remodelling and age-related deficits in learning and memory
Authors: Bevan Ryan J , Williams Pete A , Waters Caroline T , Thirgood Rebecca , Mui Amanda , Seto Sharon , Good Mark , Morgan James E , Votruba Marcela , Erchova Irina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA healthy mitochondrial network is essential for the maintenance of neuronal synaptic integrity. Mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases including dementia. OPA1 is the master regulator of mitochondrial fusion and fission and is likely to play an important role during neurodegenerative events. To explore this, we quantified hippocampal dendritic and synaptic integrity and the learning and memory performance of aged Opa1 haploinsufficient mice carrying the Opa1Q285X mutation (B6; C3-Opa1Q285STOP; Opa1+/−). We demonstrate that heterozygous loss of Opa1 results in premature age-related loss of spines in hippocampal pyramidal CA1 neurons and a reduction in synaptic density in the hippocampus. This loss is associated with subtle memory deficits in both spatial novelty and object recognition. We hypothesize that metabolic failure to maintain normal neuronal activity at the level of a single spine leads to premature age-related memory deficits. These results highlight the importance of mitochondrial homeostasis for maintenance of neuronal function during ageing.
The Small and Efficient Language Network of Polyglots and Hyper-polyglots
Authors: Jouravlev Olessia , Mineroff Zachary , Blank Idan A , Fedorenko Evelina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Acquiring a foreign language is challenging for many adults. Yet certain individuals choose to acquire sometimes dozens of languages and often just for fun. Is there something special about the minds and brains of such polyglots? Using robust individual-level markers of language activity, measured with fMRI, we compared native language processing in polyglots versus matched controls. Polyglots (n = 17, including nine “hyper-polyglots” with proficiency in 10–55 languages) used fewer neural resources to process language: Their activations were smaller in both magnitude and extent. This difference was spatially and functionally selective: The groups were similar in their activation of two other brain networks—the multiple demand network and the default mode network. We hypothesize that the activation reduction in the language network is experientially driven, such that the acquisition and use of multiple languages makes language processing generally more efficient. However, genetic and longitudinal studies will be critical to distinguish this hypothesis from the one whereby polyglots’ brains already differ at birth or early in development. This initial characterization of polyglots’ language network opens the door to future investigations of the cognitive and neural architecture of individuals who gain mastery of multiple languages, including changes in this architecture with linguistic experiences.