bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facilitating equal access to primary care for all: work experiences of health mediators in a primary health care model programme in Hungary
Authors: Katona Cintia , Gutási Éva , Papp Magor , Varga Orsolya , Kósa Karolina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
A Primary Care Model Programme was implemented in Hungary between 2013 and 2017 in order to increase access of disadvantaged population groups to primary care and to offer new preventive services for all clients. In a country with single-handed practices, four group practices or GP clusters were created in the Programme. Six GPs comprised one cluster who together employed nonmedical health professionals and nonprofessional health mediators, the latter recruited from the serviced communities, many of them of Roma ethnicity. Health mediators were tasked by improving access of the local communities – including its vulnerable Roma members – to existing and new services. Health mediators were interviewed about their work experiences, motivation, and overall opinion as members of the clusters as part of the Programme evaluation.

Methods
As part of the Programme evaluation, structured interviews were conducted with all 40 health mediators employed at the time in the Programme. Interviews were transcribed and content analysis was carried out.

Results
Three themes emerged from the transcripts. The first focused on the health mediators’ personal characteristics such as motivation to join the Programme, the way their job increased their self-esteem, social status and health consciousness. Domains of the second theme of their work included importance of on-the-job training and of their insider knowledge of local communities, as well as their pride to have become members of the primary care team. The third theme covered overall functioning of the Programme of which they had mostly positive opinions, notwithstanding some criticism regarding procurement.

Conclusions
Health mediators had earlier worked in various European countries specifically to improve access of Roma ethnic groups to health services but the Hungarian Model Programme was globally the first in which health mediators as non-professional workers became equal members of the primary care team as employees. Their contribution and overwhelmingly positive experiences, along with their useful insights for improvement call for the establishment and funding of health mediator positions in primary care especially in areas with large numbers of disadvantaged Roma populations.
Sagittal spinal-pelvic alignment in patients with Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Ren Peng , Kong Xiangpeng , Chai Wei , Wang Yan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The impact of high dislocated dysplastic hips on spinal-pelvic alignment has not been well described. This study aims to evaluate compensatory spinal radiographic changes and presence of back pain in patients with Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods
An observational study was conducted from July 2016 to December 2017, and 49 consecutive patients with Crowe IV DDH were enrolled. Forty-nine sex- and age-matched asymptomatic healthy adults were recruited as the controls. The sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis (LL), spino-sacral angle (SSA), C7 tilt (C7T), and sagittal vertical axis (SVA [C7]) were measured on lateral whole spine radiographs. The presence of low back pain and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were recorded.

Results
The patients with Crowe IV DDH showed significantly greater SS (47.5 ± 7.5° vs. 40.4 ± 6.7°, p < 0.05), LL (− 63.7 ± 9.2° vs. − 53.3 ± 11.5°, P < 0.05), SSA (141.8° ± 7.2° vs. 130.6 ± 7.9°, p < 0.05), C7T (93.9 ± 3.6° vs. 91.1 ± 3.7°, P < 0.05), and lower SVA(C7) (− 16 mm[− 95–45] vs. 6.4 mm[− 52–47], p < 0.05) compared to the controls. The patients with bilateral Crowe IV DDH also exhibited larger SS, LL, SSA, and C7T and a smaller SVA (C7) than those with unilateral Crowe IV DDH. Sixty-three percent of the patients with Crowe IV DDH reported low back pain.

Conclusion
The patients with Crowe IV DDH exhibited abnormal spinal-pelvic alignment characterized by anterior pelvic tilt, lumbar hyperlordosis, and a backward-leaning trunk. Bilateral Crowe IV DDH had a greater impact on spinal-pelvic alignment than unilateral Crowe IV DDH.
Factors associated with the use of complementary and alternative therapies among patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Western Jamaica: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Owusu Samuel , Gaye Yai-Ellen , Hall Skyla , Junkins Anna , Sohail Maira , Franklin Sarah , Aung Maung , Jolly Pauline E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
This study examined the prevalence and predictors of complementary and alternative medicine use among clinic patients with hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus in western Jamaica.

Methods
A cross-sectional study using an investigator-administered questionnaire was conducted from May to August 2017. Data on sociodemographic factors, complementary and alternative medicine use, and knowledge and perceptions of complementary and alternative medicine were collected from the patients. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between patient characteristics and knowledge and perceptions of complementary and alternative medicine and complementary and alternative medicine use.

Results
A total of 362 patients were invited to participate and 345 (95.3%) completed the questionnaire; 311 (90.1%) had hypertension, 130 (37.7%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus and 96 (27.8%) had both diseases. Seventy-nine percent of the participants with hypertension and 65% with type 2 diabetes mellitus reported current use of complementary and alternative medicine. Self-reported knowledge of complementary and alternative medicine (none/poor vs average/good/excellent) was significantly associated with complementary and alternative medicine use for hypertension (AOR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.13–0.87) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (AOR = 0.06, 95% CI = 0.01–0.37). Believing that complementary and alternative medicine is a natural method for treating hypertension was significantly associated with complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with hypertension (AOR = 3.9, 95% CI = 1.26–12.00), and belief that it is acceptable to use prescription medication and complementary and alternative medicine simultaneously was significantly associated with complementary and alternative medicine use among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (AOR =7.19, CI = 1.34–38.52).

Conclusions
Participants’ perceptions of their knowledge and beliefs regarding complementary and alternative medicine strongly influence their use of complementary and alternative medicine. These findings can be used in designing educational interventions to promote the proper use, and mitigate detrimental effects, of complementary and alternative medicine in this population.
Analysis of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates from chickens and chicken meat products in Malaysia using PFGE, and MLST
Authors: Zakaria Zunita , Hassan Latiffah , Sharif Zawiyah , Ahmad Norazah , Ali Rohaya Mohd , Husin Suraya Amir , Hazis Nor Hazrin binti Abd , Sohaimi Nor Fitriah Mohamed , Bakar Shafini Abu , Garba Bashiru 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Salmonella is a very important foodborne pathogen causing illness in humans. The emergence of drug-resistant strains also constitutes a serious worry to global health and livestock productivity. This study investigated Salmonella isolates from chicken and chicken meat products using the phenotypic antimicrobial screening as well as the molecular characteristics of Salmonella isolates. Upon serotyping of the isolates, the antimicrobial susceptibility profiling using a panel of 9 commonly used antimicrobials was done. Subsequently, the molecular profiles of all the isolates were further determined using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and the Whole Genome Multi-Locus Sequence Type (wgMLST) analysis in order to obtain the sequence types.

Results
The PFGE data was input into FPQuest software, and the dendrogram generated was studied for possible genetic relatedness among the isolates. All the isolates were found to belong to the Salmonella Enteritidis serotype with notable resistance to tetracycline, gentamycin, streptomycin, and sulfadimidine. The S. Enteritidis isolates tested predominantly subtyped into the ST11 and ST1925, which was found to be a single cell variant of ST11. The STs were found to occur in chicken meats, foods, and live chicken cloacal swabs, which may indicate the persistence of the bacteria in multiple foci.

Conclusion
The data demonstrate the presence of S. Enteritidis among chickens, indicating its preference and reservoir status for enteric Salmonella pathogens.
Identification of NEO1 as a prognostic biomarker and its effects on the progression of colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhou Zhou , Pan Xue-kai , Zhou Yun-jiao , Li Hai-ou , Qiu Pei-shan , Zhang Meng-na , Peng Ru-yi , Wang Hai-zhou , Liu Lan , Liu Jing , Zhao Qiu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Due to the high morbidity and poor clinical outcomes, early predictive and prognostic biomarker identification is desiderated in colorectal cancer (CRC). As a homologue of the Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (DCC) gene, the role of Neogenin-1 (NEO1) in CRC remained unveiled. This study was designed to probe into the effects and potential function of NEO1 in CRC.

Methods
Online databases, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to evaluate NEO1 expression in colorectal cancer tissues. Survival analysis was performed to predict the prognosis of CRC patients based on NEO1 expression level. Then, cell proliferation was detected by colony formation and Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assays. CRC cell migration and invasion were examined by transwell assays. Finally, we utilized the Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) and GSEA to dig the potential mechanisms of NEO1 in CRC.

Results
Oncomine database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database showed that NEO1 was down-regulated in CRC. Further results validated that NEO1 mRNA and protein expression were both significantly lower in CRC tumor tissues than in the adjacent tissues in our clinical samples. NEO1 expression was decreased with the progression of CRC. Survival and other clinical characteristic analyses exhibited that low NEO1 expression was related with poor prognosis. A gain-of-function study showed that overexpression of NEO1 restrained proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells while a loss-of-function showed the opposite effects. Finally, functional pathway enrichment analysis revealed that NEO1 low expression samples were enriched in inflammation-related signaling pathways, EMT and angiogenesis.

Conclusion
A tumor suppressor gene NEO1 was identified and verified to be correlated with the prognosis and progression of CRC, which could serve as a prognostic biomarker for CRC patients.
Interaction kinetics of peptide lipids-mediated gene delivery
Authors: Zhao Yinan , Zhao Tianyi , Du Yanyan , Cao Yingnan , Xuan Yang , Chen Huiying , Zhi Defu , Guo Shutao , Zhong Fangli , Zhang Shubiao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
During the course of gene transfection, the interaction kinetics between liposomes and DNA is speculated to play very important role for blood stability, cellular uptake, DNA release and finally transfection efficiency.

Results
As cationic peptide liposomes exhibited great gene transfer activities both in vitro and in vivo, two peptide lipids, containing a tri-ornithine head (LOrn3) and a mono-ornithine head (LOrn1), were chosen to further clarify the process of liposome-mediated gene delivery in this study. The results show that the electrostatically-driven binding between DNA and liposomes reached nearly 100% at equilibrium, and high affinity of LOrn3 to DNA led to fast binding rate between them. The binding process between LOrn3 and DNA conformed to the kinetics equation: y = 1.663631 × exp (− 0.003427x) + 6.278163. Compared to liposome LOrn1, the liposome LOrn3/DNA lipoplex exhibited a faster and more uniform uptake in HeLa cells, as LOrn3 with a tri-ornithine peptide headgroup had a stronger interaction with the negatively charged cell membrane than LOrn1. The efficient endosomal escape of DNA from LOrn3 lipoplex was facilitated by the acidity in late endosomes, resulting in broken carbamate bonds, as well as the “proton sponge effect” of the lipid.

Conclusions
The interaction kinetics is a key factor for DNA transfection efficiency. This work provided insights into peptide lipid-mediated DNA delivery that could guide the development of the next generation of delivery systems for gene therapeutics.
Joint injection practice variations in pediatric rheumatology – a global survey and call for action
Authors: Dhanrajani Anita , Khubchandani Raju P. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Intraarticular injections (IAI) were first reported in adult rheumatology in the 1950s and subsequently gained acceptance as a safe and efficacious treatment in Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). IAIs are now widely performed and recommended as the initial or only treatment of oligoarticular JIA and ancillary treatment of actively inflamed joints in other varieties of JIA. However, the performance of the procedure is currently not guided by standardized recommendations, and several practice variations are observed.

Methods
This worldwide survey of pediatric rheumatologists (with 48.5% response from Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization [PRINTO and Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group [PRCSG] members) captures the differences in pre-procedural, procedural and post-procedural protocols and practices observed across the globe and asks the necessity of developing consensus in this area of Pediatric Rheumatology.

Results
This worldwide survey of Pediatric Rheumatologists had a response rate of just under 50% and the views of about 42% who routinely performed the procedure. It captured the differences in IAI protocols and practices observed across the globe. Significant variations in practice were noted in use of Local anesthesia, choice, and dose of therapeutic agent for the intraarticular injection and use of ultrasound to guide injections. While some practice variations may be explained by institutional protocols in different parts of the world, the clinical implications of these are largely unknown and beg the need for further studies.

Conclusions
Given these practice variations, the authors recommend further studies to explore the cost and clinical implications and subsequently work towards developing consensus plans to ensure uniformity in this widely used procedure in Pediatric Rheumatology.
Investigation of reactive astrogliosis effect on post-stroke cognitive impairment
Authors: Huang Kuo-Lun , Hsiao Ing-Tsung , Ho Meng-Yang , Hsu Jung-Lung , Chang Yeu-Jhy , Chang Ting-Yu , Liu Chi-Hung , Chang Chien-Hung , Wu Yi-Ming , Wu Kuan-Yi , Wey Shiaw-Pyng , Yen Tzu-Chen , Okamura Nobuyuki , Lee Tsong-Hai , Lin Kun-Ju 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) severity and reactive astrogliosis (RA) extent on normalized 18F-THK-5351 positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging in amyloid-negative patients with first-ever stroke.

Methods
We prospectively enrolled 63 amyloid-negative patients with first-ever stroke. Neurocognitive evaluation, MRI, 18F-THK-5351, and 18F-florbetapir PET were performed around 3 months after stroke. The 18F-THK-5351 uptake intensity was normalized using a signal distribution template to obtain the Z-SUM scores as the RA extent in the whole brain and cerebral hemisphere ipsilateral to stroke lesion. We evaluated stroke volume, leukoaraiosis, and brain atrophy on MRI. We used a comprehensive neurocognitive battery to obtain composite cognitive scores, and defined PSCI as a general cognitive function score < − 1. We analyzed the influence of Z-SUM scores on PSCI severity after adjusting for demographic, vascular, and neurodegenerative variables.

Results
Twenty-five of 63 stroke patients had PSCI. Patients with PSCI had older age, lower education, and more severe cortical atrophy and total Z-SUM scores. Total Z-SUM scores were significantly associated with general cognitive and executive functions at multiple regression models. Path analyses showed that stroke can exert cognitive influence directly by stroke itself as well as indirectly through RA, including total and ipsilateral Z-SUM scores, in patients with either right or left hemisphere stroke.

Conclusion
The patterns and intensity of 18F-THK-5351 uptake in amyloid-negative patients with first-ever stroke were associated with PSCI manifestations, which suggests that RA presents a modulating effect in PSCI development.
Endothelin-1 contributes to the development of virus-induced demyelinating disease
Authors: Jin Young-Hee , Kang Bongsu , Kang Hyun S. , Koh Chang-Sung , Kim Byung S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundExperimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) and virally induced demyelinating disease are two major experimental model systems used to study human multiple sclerosis. Although endothelin-1 level elevation was previously observed in the CNS of mice with EAE and viral demyelinating disease, the potential role of endothelin-1 in the development of these demyelinating diseases is unknown.Methods and resultsIn this study, the involvement of endothelin-1 in the development and progression of demyelinating diseases was investigated using these two experimental models. Administration of endothelin-1 significantly promoted the progression of both experimental diseases accompanied with elevated inflammatory T cell responses. In contrast, administration of specific endothelin-1 inhibitors (BQ610 and BQ788) significantly inhibited progression of these diseases accompanied with reduced T cell responses to the respective antigens.ConclusionsThese results strongly suggest that the level of endothelin-1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated CNS demyelinating diseases by promoting immune responses.
Extravascular risk factors in the prognostic evaluation for spinal cord injury during thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm exclusion: a case report
Authors: Villani Flavio , Fargion Aaron Thomas , Melani Alberto , Esposito Davide , Di Domenico Rossella , Dorigo Walter , Pratesi Carlo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The etiology of delayed-onset spinal cord injury (SCI) following endovascular repair of thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) is still unclear and may be related to multiple factors. Extravascular factors, such as lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), may play a significant role in the selection of patient at risk of SCI. In this report we describe a case of paraplegia following thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in a patient suffering from severe and symptomatic LSS and undergoing staged endovascular repair of a TAAA.

Case presentation
A 70-year-old man was admitted to our department with an asymptomatic type III TAAA in previous open repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm. The patient complained of buttock and thigh claudication in the absence of defects in the pelvic perfusion; a spinal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed a severe narrowing of the lumbar canal.. After 24 h from first-step procedure (TEVAR) paraplegia was detected. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage was then placed with incomplete recovery.

Conclusions
Stenotic damage to the spinal cord is thought to be the result of direct compression of the neural elements and ischemic disruption of arterial and venous structures surrounding the spinal cord. This comorbidity may constitute an additional anatomic risk factor in those patients currently recognized as prognostically associated to the development of SCI.
Glycosphingolipids and neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Belarbi Karim , Cuvelier Elodie , Bonte Marie-Amandine , Desplanque Mazarine , Gressier Bernard , Devos David , Chartier-Harlin Marie-Christine 
Published: October 2020

AbstractParkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway and the formation of neuronal inclusions known as Lewy bodies. Chronic neuroinflammation, another hallmark of the disease, is thought to play an important role in the neurodegenerative process. Glycosphingolipids are a well-defined subclass of lipids that regulate crucial aspects of the brain function and recently emerged as potent regulators of the inflammatory process. Deregulation in glycosphingolipid metabolism has been reported in Parkinson’s disease. However, the interrelationship between glycosphingolipids and neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease is not well known. This review provides a thorough overview of the links between glycosphingolipid metabolism and immune-mediated mechanisms involved in neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease. After a brief presentation of the metabolism and function of glycosphingolipids in the brain, it summarizes the evidences supporting that glycosphingolipids (i.e. glucosylceramides or specific gangliosides) are deregulated in Parkinson’s disease. Then, the implications of these deregulations for neuroinflammation, based on data from human inherited lysosomal glycosphingolipid storage disorders and gene-engineered animal studies are outlined. Finally, the key molecular mechanisms by which glycosphingolipids could control neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s disease are highlighted. These include inflammasome activation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, altered calcium homeostasis, changes in the blood-brain barrier permeability, recruitment of peripheral immune cells or production of autoantibodies.
The functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in hematological malignancies
Authors: Zhou Xiangxiang , Zhan Linquan , Huang Kai , Wang Xin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith covalently closed circular structures, circular RNAs (circRNAs) were once misinterpreted as by-products of mRNA splicing. Being abundant, stable, highly conserved, and tissue-specific, circRNAs are recently identified as a type of regulatory RNAs. CircRNAs bind to certain miRNAs or proteins to participate in gene transcription and translation. Emerging evidence has indicated that the dysregulation of circRNAs is closely linked to the tumorigenesis and treatment response of hematological malignancies. CircRNAs play critical roles in various biological processes, including tumorigenesis, drug resistance, tumor metabolism, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. The N6-methyladenosine modification of circRNAs and discovery of fusion-circRNAs provide novel insights into the functions of circRNAs. Targeting circRNAs in hematological malignancies will be an attractive treatment strategy. In this review, we systematically summarize recent advances toward the novel functions and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in hematological malignancies, and highlight the potential clinical applications of circRNAs as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future exploration.