bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid Waste Management in Hotels, Lodging Houses and Restaurants in Sabang Wharf: Gateway to Puerto Princesa Underground River-Philippines
Authors: Acero L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The 7,107 islands of Philippines offer diverse tourist destinations. Puerto Princesa Underground River (PPUR), one of the 7 wonders of nature is a natural park and the longest navigable underground river, rich in historical, unique karst environment and listed as UNESCO as world heritage site. Sabang Wharf, the entry point to PPUR is vulnerable to environmental pollution. It is where tourist facilities like restaurants/eateries, lodging houses and hotels are located. This study determine the type of solid wastes, percentage produced on a daily basis; methods of waste disposal and the problems encountered in the methods used; suggestions offered by the respondents in the enhancement of solid waste management in the area, and presence of E. coli and coliform contaminants in Sabang Wharf. Pertinent data gathered through field interviews, with the use of an interview schedule. The use of portable E. coli and coliform analyser, determined the absence of E. coli and coliform in beach areas of Sabang Wharf. Results disclosed that, waste disposals of tourism establishments in Sabang Wharf has supported proper implementation of Sustainable Waste Management Program-the project of PPUR management. Absence of E. coli and coliform in waters along the beaches of Sabang Wharf, attested to the eco-friendly environment in Sabang Wharf, despite its vulnerability as gateway to tourism site. Respondents’ suggestions on the enhancement of Solid Waste Management Program of PPUR, are the; the provision of satellite junk shop for non-biodegradables, and continues strict enforcement of waste segregation and disposal.
Reduction of Dissolved Organic Carbon in Baled, Mixed, Municipal Waste Through 12 Years
Authors: Gotal Dmitrovic Lovorka 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In Varazdin City (a town in the north of Croatia), mixed municipal waste was collected, mechanically treated, baled and stored from 1st April 2005 until its final disposal. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were tested for 12 years. The problem is that several complex physical, chemical and biological processes take place in the baled waste for bio-waste, which was then an integral part of mixed municipal waste. To solve this problem, the experimental values are used, and they determine the dependence of the DOC concentration on time, as well as the transition points and events that cause the abrupt changes in the decomposition of the organic component in mixed municipal waste. Unlike the landfill in the baled waste, after aerobic phase begins the anaerobic phase, and after anaerobic phase begins again aerobic phase, because the foil gas permeability is starting. The whole process is, according to System Theory, a complex system with many components, and the interaction, connections, and interdependencies among them, but also the interaction with the environment of the system. The main result of the paper is the conceptualization and parameterization of such a system, helping to describe and understand this system, but also to predict and manage it.
Some Nesting Determinants of Olive Ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) in San Narciso Zambales Philippines: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Acero L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Nesting of Olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) must be free from any anthropogenic threats. Sitio Lapaz San Narcizo Zambales is located along the Coral Triangle in the Philippines which is rich in marine biodiversity. This study determined the history of PAWICARE Hatchery Project in sitio Lapaz, San Narciso, Zambales Philippines; describe the physical condition (distance of hatchery to shoreline, temperature during nesting-hatching period), determine heavy metals (Arsenic, Lead and Mercury) in water samples along the shoreline of Lapaz San Narciso Zambales. Mixed method was used to gather pertinent data on this study. Survey method was used (interview and focal group discussion) was used to describe the history and, physical condition of PAWICARE Hatchery Project. It was enriched with documentary analysis. Quantitative method was used to analyze water along the shoreline of PAWICARE Hatchery. Water analysis determined the Arsenic, Lead and Mercury content of water samples collected from three sampling sites near the hatchery. Results revealed that fishermen in sitio Lapaz were transformed into turtle rangers from turtle poachers. Residential houses are relocated far from the shoreline to avoid pollution. Temperature (27°C to 33°C) during nesting months (October to March) favors nesting of the turtles. Arsenic, Lead and Mercury in water along the shoreline were found at a very low level. The above determinants favored the nesting of Olive ridley sea turtles in San Narciso Zambales Philippines.
Role of Atmospheric Bioaerosols in Atmospheric Corrosion: Short Review
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Afolalu S.A. , Abodunrin J.T. , Mamudu A. , Banjo S.O. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
When describing atmospheric corrosion, general terms (air pollution) and conditions (meteorological parameters) are considered. The acceptable corrosion rates that are calculated are generic in nature and cannot be relied upon when estimating the atmospheric corrosion over a geographical region. In this paper, the review of atmospheric bioaerosols was carried-out to enlighten professionals on the need to disintegrate the constituents of air pollutants into aerosols and bioaerosols. This would make it easy for scientists to adequately estimate carrion rates during airborne pandemic areas. This would certainly lead to the development of ISO standards for this branch of atmospheric corrosion. The success of this research would not be applicable to atmospheric corrosion but in monitoring airborne diseases.
Decolorization of Methyl Orange using a Double-chamber Microbial Fuel Cell with the Use of Soil Microorganisms
Authors: Bartolome Gee Jay C , Tayo Lemmuel L 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this study, the decolorization of methyl orange was carried out in a double chamber microbial fuel cell. Microbial fuel cells (MFC’s) have been widely studied using various materials and operating conditions, these bioelectrochemical devices that use exoelectrogenic bacteria as biocatalysts have shown great potential to oxidize a variety of substrates while simultaneously generating electricity. Soil microorganisms consisting of lactic acid bacteria,Saccharomyces,Rhizobium,Rhodopseudomonas,Rhodobacter,Actinomycetes, and fungi were obtained from a concentrated soil microbial inoculant. Comparatively, the results of the experiments showed that using titanium mesh, the open circuit voltage and the power density of the MFC in close-circuit condition were 1.005 V and 1.223 Wm−2while using carbon fiber brushes, values were 0.992 V and 0.338 Wm−2. On the other hand, results also revealed that the system with carbon fiber brush electrodes is more effective in decolorizing methyl orange at a maximum of 78 percent removal efficiency. In 10 hours of continuous operation, the concentration of methyl orange reduced from 0.10-0.022 mM.
Photodegradation of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) in a Batch Reactor Using Silver Phosphate/titanium Dioxide as Photocatalyst
Authors: Nakano Y B , Juliano M L , Bartolome G C , Tayo L L 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the use of silver phosphate/titanium dioxide for the photocatalytic degradation of reactive black 5 (RB5) in a photocatalytic reactor. This research examined the optimum concentration of silver phosphate for dye degradation and found that the highest reaction rate can be obtained with 27.5 percent silver-phosphate in the catalyst. The effects of pH, catalyst loading, and the initial concentration of the dye in the wastewater were studied sequentially to determine the effects on the degradation of RB5. The highest degradation rates were found at absorption wavelength <480nm using blue light. Furthermore, the degradation rate was also found to increase with a higher or lower pH value, at higher catalyst loading, and lower initial dye concentration. This study concludes the potency of the catalyst as a visible-light active photocatalyst for possible industrial wastewater treatment application and the effectiveness of the catalyst produced fromin situdeposition method and under visible light irradiation.
Adsorption of Pb (II) Using Partially Deproteinated Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Roots
Authors: Nieva A.D. , Ang M.D.D. , Hipolito H.G. , Calderon E.J. , Pamintuan K.R.S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is known to be an effective biosorbent capable of removing pollutants of industrial wastewater effluents, particularly heavy metals. This study determined and compared the effectiveness of removing Pb2+ in a lead-containing aqueous solution using untreated and treated water hyacinth roots. The treated biosorbent was the heavy organic matter that settled from the extraction of water-soluble portions of the water hyacinth roots upon centrifugation of the water hyacinth and deionized water mixture for 1 hour at ambient temperature. The treatment of the biosorbent resulted to less functional groups but more exposed fibers for which the Pb2+ ions can adhere to. At a 24-hour equilibrium time, it was determined that the untreated biosorbent gave higher adsorption capacity of 0.743 mg/g as compared to the 0.653 mg/g capacity of the treated biosorbent. However, it was observed that in a 2-hour equilibrium time, similar adsorption capacities were obtained at 0.75 mg/g for both biosorbents. The kinetic study reveals that saturation of the biosorbents was observed within a 2-hour contact time. At prolonged adsorption time, the decrease in adsorption capacity of the treated biosorbent was due to the adsorption-desorption process that occurred at the saturated sorbent surfaces, whereby the attached Pb2+ was released and re-attached interchangeably. The loss of functional groups in the treated biosorbent resulted to less strong bonds from chemical adsorption and thus in a higher contact time, the loosely binded Pb2+ ions return to the aqueous phase.
Low Level Electricity Production and COD Removal in Wastewater Using a Dual Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell with Pseudomonas Fluorescens as Biocatalyst
Authors: Juliano M L , Yanuaria C S , Caparanga A R , Tayo L L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Urbanization intensifies global energy crisis and contributes largely to environmental pollution. The use of microbial fuel cell (MFC) helps in addressing both problems. This study aims to construct a low-cost MFC which simultaneously produce low level electricity and has the capacity to lower chemical oxygen demand in wastewater. The MFC used various carbon sources and copper wire as electrodes. Variation in voltages were observed using various carbon sources in solution. The microbial fuel cell utilizing P. fluorescens was able to produce voltage of more than 800 mV in fermented rice and more than 1000mV for both sewage sludge and kitchen sink wastewater substrates. It was also observed that the COD reduction was seen in different types of wastewater.
Resource State Estimation and Intelligent Contingency Forecasting for Spacecraft Mission Control Center
Authors: Bakhtadze Natalia , Elpashev Denis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the concept of on-line estimating the state of the Mission Control Center resources and algorithms for forecasting of contingencies. Resource state prediction methods based on the development of a machine learning techniques called association rules are presented. Using this method, the detection of such parameters and their values, the appearance of which, at some point in time, affects the probability of a certain state of the system at another moment in time, and in particular, the occurrence of an emergency. The results of real case studies and specialist interface fragments are presented. System development options are discussed.
Evaluation of Hexane Performance in Wax Treatments at Fang Oilfield
Authors: Aye A T T , Maneeintr K 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Wax deposition occurs in various locations in the petroleum production chain. It can cause many problems for oil production. Chemical method is one of the practical methods for wax prevention treatment. In Fang oilfield, there are problems from wax as well. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate of hexane to reduce the wax problem. For this study, oil samples from the wells located in Mae Soon Reservoir in Fang oil field. Hexane is used as a chemical for this treatment for wax appearance temperature (WAT), pour point and wax deposited weight tests. Also, other factors such as temperature, hexane concentration and time are also studied. The results show that hexane can reduce the wax precipitation by reducing pour point and WAT. Wax deposited weight is reduced as well. Hexane effectiveness can be evaluated and also applied in the region in the oil field with wax problems. Understanding of physics and chemistry of wax precipitation will lead to develop the area economically effective prevention and mitigation methods.
What Drives the Carbon Price? - An Empirical Analysis of Chinese Emission Trading Scheme
Authors: Wu Hao , Kansuntisukmongkol Chalotorn 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we focus on the major influential factors of the carbon price, by using both static panel model(FGLS) and dynamic panel model(PVAR) of each trading pilot in 2014-2018, totally six kinds of indicators were selected to establish the quantitative model to explain what drives the carbon price in China. We also employed the Bai-Perron test to identify the structural breakout points of carbon price fluctuation. This study finds that, in China, in terms of market fundamental influential factors, (1) the high-carbon energy price represented by coal has a negative impact on the carbon price, while the other energy indicators of oil and LNG are not statistically correlated; while (2) the cooling/heating days and temperature differences’ impacts are not statistically significant; (3) the relationship between industrial development, stock index and carbon price, is positively and negatively correlated, respectively, indicating that the Marco economy affects the carbon price at a high significance level. (4) However, in terms of non-market fundamental influential factors, the policy factors will not greatly affect the carbon price, indicating that the model we employed might not apply to the policy factor. (5) Besides, electricity production from wind power will lower the carbon price significantly due to it reduces the demand for carbon emission rights for the electricity sector in ETS. (6) Among all factors, coal price is the most significant influential factor. During the 1-10th period, the impact of coal price is small, and ranges 9.98-56.97%. As time passed by, the interpretation has gradually strengthened. After the 20th period, it stably explains about 70.37-73.87% on variance change of carbon price.
Research on the Influence of Government Intervention on Energy Intensity
Authors: Jiang Peiyun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In recent years, the mismatch between the economic growth rate and the degree of environmental protection has intensified, and the problems of resource consumption and environmental pollution have become serious. Driven by a large amount of energy, the development mode featuring high energy consumption and high growth is unsustainable. And it brings tremendous pressure to realize the strategic goal of sustainable development. In this case, energy saving becomes a basic strategic guideline for economic and social development in various countries, which is also an extremely urgent task at present. This paper firstly analyses the low possibility of enterprises to carrying out energy-saving behaviours conscientiously. And then the enterprise’s energy-saving behaviours are empirically studied by constructing a game model between enterprises. Besides, the government behaviours are divided into economic means, administrative means and legal means, and Energy-saving behaviour are quantified as energy intensity, which form a panel regression model to further analyse the specific impact of the three methods on energy empirically.
Research on the Restrictive Conditions of Elevator Installation to Existing Multi-storey Apartment Buildings in China
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Zhang Hong , Wang Lifang , Zhu Ning 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
During 1970s-1990s large amount of multi-storey buildings have been built without elevators in the cities of China. It is a great social demand that the elevator installation will effectively improve the living quality for aging. However, there are many technical restrictive conditions on site, which may cause costly or unavailable implementation in real project of elevator installation. This paper investigates over 3491 cases online and 66 cases in field survey in Beijing. Through discusses two pairs of comparison of elevator installation, it shows that the HALF elevator is more probability than ALIGN installation to meet the condition of the existing buildings, and the percentage of the ATTACHED elevator is higher than BRIDGED.
Spatial Distribution and Sources of Total Chromium and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Northern Italy Rivers
Authors: Bonelli M G , Brambilla G F , Manni A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and Total Chromium (Cr) in surface waters are polluting factors that can directly or indirectly affect human and animal health. These are conjunctly used in several manufacturing activities such as electroplating, stainless steel welding, leather tanning and the production of electronic components. In this paper we present a study based on the use of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) statistical technique to explore emission sources of PFAS and Cr in surface water samples taken from a polluted area in Northern Italy. It has been found that the discriminant factor is the link between PFBS and Cr. It is due to electroplating, and stainless steel welding activities. No other links were found between Cr and other PFAS. This information is important both for risk assessment and forensic activities.
Magnetic Graphene Oxide Based Solid Phase Extraction for Environmental Pollutants Analysis
Authors: Peng Yuqi , Zhang Hengyuan , Ma Xiaoguo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Heavy metal ions and organic pollutants have aroused considerable concerns about their toxic effects on human body and the ecosystem. Thus it is of great significance to develop accurate and sensitive methods for the analysis of these pollutants in environmental matrices. Because of their trace levels and the complexity of sample matrices, sample preparation is necessary before their instrumental detection. As a new and prospective sample pretreatment technique, magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) has drawn much attention from the analysts, and has been widely used in various analytical fields. This review focuses on the current progress that has been achieved in MSPE based on graphene oxide for preconcentration and separation of heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in environmental water, with 61 references.
Langevin Dynamic Simulation of self-propelled particles in two-dimensional systems
Authors: Amallah L. , Hader A. , Bakir R. , Sbiaaia H. , Tarras I. , Boughaleb Y. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Collective motion of self-propelled particles is one of basic phenomenon observed in large spectra of biological system behavior due to the correlated process evolution in space and time. In this manuscript, we study numerically the kinetic properties and the correlation process in complex systems evolves out equilibrium phase by employing the Langevin dynamics. In this model, we have adopted one zone of orientation where the system evolves spontaneously in presence of quenched stochastic noise. The results show that the system evolves to its equilibrium phase by reaching one orientation. Hence, this evolution is characterized by a correlation process increasing in time but with decelerate profile. However the obtained profile of the correlation function per time unity shows that the collective motion in complex system, can be characterized by a characteristic time when the system change the acceleration of the correlation process. Our result shows that this characteristic time decreases exponentially with the quenched noise. In the additional crossover time at when the system reaches its equilibrium phase, scales with quenched noise as power law. This result is more consisting with the one of Vicsek model
Numerical Study Of Natural Convection In Square Cavity Using Lattice Boltzmann Method: Obstacles Effect
Authors: Bendaraa A. , Nouni M. , Ouhroum M. , Charafi M. M. , Hasnaoui A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, the natural convection is studied in a closed square cavity differentially heated, using the Lattice Boltzmann numerical Method. Completely filled with a newtonian fluid, the cavity is managed by two rigid walls in right and left sides, and is provided with two rectangular adiabatic obstacles interposed on the mid-horizontal walls. The height of the two obstacles is varied from 10% to 40% of the side (L). The calculation code was performed for a laminar flow and an incompressible fluid with a Prandtl number Pr = 0.71 (the case of air). The computation code thus developed was used to analyse the effect of the length of obstacles in the mid-square cavity. The obtained results were validated by comparing with those of a previously published works. It has been deduced that the addition of the obstacles influences the thermal and hydrodynamic profiles of the flow inside the cavity and its thermal performances.
Ab initio study of electron and phonon coupling in silicon
Authors: Mliles Mustapha El , Kouari Youssef El , Hajjaji Abdelowahed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We have studied electron-phonon coupling in silicon and its relation to hot carriers thermalization. The calculation of electron-phonon and phonon-electron interactions in silicon was obtained from first-principles density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory. Electron and phonon relaxation times were calculated subsequently. Moreover, the results showed that silicon exhibits a relatively wide phononic band gap along the symmetry line X-W, which prevents the Klemens mechanism leading to a phonon bottleneck effect. As demonstrated, phonon-electron interactions can play an important role in mitigating the electron thermalization along this symmetry line. This work shade light on the importance of including the phonon- electron interactions in the ab initio approach for future semiconductor materials engineering.