bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mid-Term Results of the Use of a Suture Anchor Fixation for Chronic Reducible Scapholunate Dissociation
Authors: Kamrani Reza Shahryar , PanjaviLee Behnam , Vahedi Ehsan 
Published: November 2019

Background: Scapholunate dissociation (SLD) is a common and sometimes disabling ligamentous injury of the wrist. The aim of the treatment is to restore carpal alignment and to prevent joint degeneration. In the current study, we reported mid-term results of our technique using suture anchor fixation within the SL interface. Methods: Nine male patients with an average age of 35 years underwent scapholunate suture anchor fixation (SLAF) for chronic and symptomatic dynamic or reducible static SLD from 2011 to 2016 with a mean follow-up of 36 months. After dorsal wrist exposure, a 2.8 mm suture anchor was inserted in the dorsoproximal lateral articular surface of the lunate bone. The two ends of the sutures were passed through the two divergent canals in the scaphoid. The sutures were tied over the tuberosity after reducing the SL alignment. Two K-wires supported SL and scaphocapitate (SC) alignment for 8 weeks. Radiographic parameters, wrist range of motion and grip strength were measured. Quick-DASH and Modified Mayo Wrist Score (MMWS) were used to assess the functional outcome. Results: The grip strength and passive motion reached to 75% and 88% of the other side, respectively. The SL gap was 5.4 mm, 2.6 mm and 3.4 mm before surgery, after pin removal, and on the follow-up stress radiographs, respectively. The SL angle was 82, 52 and 65 degrees at any time point, respectively. Average Quick-DASH score was improved from 60 to 25. According to MMWS score, one patient was excellent, one was good, five were fair, and two were poor. Conclusions: SLAF is a simple technique with minimal soft tissue manipulation that enables correction and maintaining of the carpal alignment with favorable mid-term results.
Development of a Reproducible Upper Limb Swelling Model
Authors: Muraoka Kunihide , Kleimeyer John , Yao Jeffrey 
Published: November 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a reproducible upper limb swelling model and quantify the efficacy of changing elevation posture in swelling reduction using this model. Methods: A manual sphygmomanometer was applied to healthy volunteers’ upper arms while in a dependent position for 25 minutes to create venous congestion and swelling. Seven different levels of pressure (250, 120, 100, 80, 50, 40 and 30 mmHg) were tested. Every 5 minutes, the level of swelling was measured using the volumetric method. Any complications were recorded. We then compared the swelling reduction potential among 3 limb postures (arm on head, elevation brace, and simple sling). The significance level was set at p < .05. Results: Thirty to forty milliliters of swelling was created for all pressure levels except the 250 and 30 mmHg. All complications including transient nerve palsy, pain and petechiae were severe at 250 and 120 mmHg, less severe at 100 mmHg, mild at 80 mmHg, and absent below 40 mmHg. Both the on head and elevated brace limb postures markedly and significantly decreased swelling greater than the simple sling posture. Conclusions: We found that 20 ml or greater swelling can be reliably created with a blood pressure cuff inflated to 40 mmHg on the upper limb. The on head and elevated brace postures demonstrated a greater degree of swelling reduction than the simple sling posture.
Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) versus Local or Intravenous Regional Anesthesia with Tourniquet in Atraumatic Hand Cases in Orthopedics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Evangelista Ted Matthew P. , Pua John Hubert C. , Evangelista-Huber Mara Therese P. 
Published: November 2019

Background: To compare outcomes of atraumatic hand surgeries using the WALANT technique versus intravenous regional anesthesia or local anesthesia with tourniquet. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library from inception to October 2018. All randomized or quasi-randomized trials and cohort studies comparing WALANT procedure versus local anesthesia or intravenous regional anesthesia with tourniquet among atraumatic hand surgeries were included. Methodological quality and risk of bias of eligible studies were assessed by three independent reviewers. The random effects model was used due to both statistical and clinical heterogeneity among studies. Results: The search yielded 496 records, of which 9 studies were included in the systematic review. We were able to pool findings for operative time, post-operative pain scores, patient satisfaction, and complication rates. On the average, the WALANT group had longer operative times by 2.06 minutes (pooled mean difference, random effects, 95% confidence interval 0.46 to 3.67 minutes, p = 0.01, I2 0%, p = 0.66). The post-operative pain scores were lower in the WALANT group by an average of two VAS points (random effects, pooled mean difference −2.40, 95% confidence interval −3.41 to −1.38, p < 0.00001; I2 0% p = 0.99). We had insufficient evidence to demonstrate a difference in terms of patient satisfaction (random effects, pooled risk ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.93 to 1.03, p = 0.36, I2 0%, p = 0.64) and complication rates (random effects, pooled risk ratio 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.07 to 2.18, p = 0.29, I2 60% p = 0.08) between WALANT versus conventional methods. Conclusions: The WALANT group reported lower post-operative pain scores, but had slightly longer operative times. There are no significant differences between WALANT and conventional methods in terms of patient satisfaction and complication rates.
Replanted Amputated Digit Survival and Associated Factors at a Tertiary Center in Southern Thailand: A Multi-Level Analysis
Authors: Suwannaphisit Sitthiphong , Yuenyongviwat Varah , Suwanno Porames 
Published: November 2019

Background: Traumatic digital amputations require early replantation, and proper surgical technique is a critical factor for a successful digital replantation. Non-surgical factors can also effect the digital survival rate. Previous studies have used univariate analysis and logistic regression which could not identify the various complex associations of patient-related and digit-related factors. This study aimed to identify the determinants of digital survival after replantation, using multi-level analysis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 209 patients with 272 finger revascularizations and replantations performed from the metacarpophalangeal joint to the end of the finger. Demographic data, place of injury, mechanism of injury, level of amputation, and success rate were examined.Results: The overall survival rate of digital replantation during the study period January 2004–December 2017 was 64%. Surgeon’s experience 3–5 years (OR 13.04), type of injury as guillotine (OR 6.79) and number of venous anastomoses for two veins (OR 6.83) were the most important pre-operative and intra-operative factors affecting the survival rate as clarified by a multi-level hierarchical model.Conclusions: Although successful replantation involved many factors, the most important factors that directly affected the survival of the amputated digit were surgeon’s experience, venous anastomosis and type of injury.
Late Cretaceous stratigraphy in the Mudurnu–Göynük Basin (Turkey) and inferences on sea-level change in the Late Campanian to Early Maastrichtian
Authors: Wolfgring Erik , Wagreich Michael , Yilmaz Ismail O. , Shasha Liu , Boehm Katharina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Upper Cretaceous strata at Göynük, northwestern Anatolia, Turkey, provide a geological record of the Campanian–Maastrichtian from the Sakarya Terrane along the active Neotethys margin. Shales and shaly marls with siliciclastic and volcaniclastic intercalations indicate a pelagic palaeoenvironment rich in planktonic and benthonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossil assemblages. A composite record from the Campanian to the Maastrichtian records nannofossil standard zones UC15c (CC21) to UC20a (CC26) as well as the
Globotrunanella havanensis
planktonic foraminifera Zone to the
Racemiguembelina fructicosa
planktonic foraminifera Zone. The complete ‘mid’-Campanian to early Maastrichtian composite section can be correlated to other western Tethyan sections. The Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary is positioned between the first occurrence of the planktonic foraminifera
Gansserina gansseri
and the last occurrence of the nannofossil
Uniplanarius trifidus
. Clastic input and higher sedimentation rates constrain regional sea-level lowstands around the late Campanian
calcarata
Zone and the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary, corresponding to the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary event.
Learning-induced enduring changes in inhibitory synaptic transmission in lateral amygdala are mediated by p21-activated kinase
Authors: Paul Blesson K. , Reuveni Iris , Barkai Edi , Lamprecht Raphael 
Published: November 2019

In this study we explored whether learning leads to enduring changes in inhibitory synaptic transmission in lateral amygdala (LA). We revealed that olfactory discrimination (OD) learning in rats led to a long-lasting increase in postsynaptic GABAA channel-mediated miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in LA. Olfactory fear conditioning, but not auditory fear conditioning, also led to enduring enhancement in GABAA-mediated mIPSCs. Auditory fear conditioning, but not olfactory fear conditioning or OD learning, induced an enduring reduction in the frequency but not the current of mIPSC events. We found that p21-activated kinase (PAK) activity is needed to maintain OD and olfactory fear conditioning learning-induced enduring enhancement of mIPSCs. Further analysis revealed that OD led to an increase in GABAA channel conductance whereas olfactory fear conditioning increased the number of GABAA channels. These alterations in GABAA channels conductance and level are controlled by PAK activity. Our study shows that the learning-induced increase in postsynaptic inhibitory transmission in LA is specific to the sensory modality. However, the mechanism that mediates the increase in inhibitory transmission, namely the increase in the conductance or in the level of GABAA channel, is learning specific. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we studied whether learning leads to long-lasting alterations in inhibitory synaptic transmission in lateral amygdala (LA). We revealed that learning led to enduring changes in inhibitory synaptic transmission in LA that are affected by the sensory modality (auditory or olfaction) used during learning. However, the mechanism that mediated the changes in inhibitory transmission (alterations in GABAA channel level or conductance) depended on the type of learning. These long-lasting alterations are maintained by p21-activated kinase.
The Prognostic and Therapeutic Role of Genomic Subtyping by Sequencing Tumor or Cell-Free DNA in Pulmonary Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Authors: Zhuo Minglei , Guan Yanfang , Yang Xue , Hong Lingzhi , Wang Yuqi , Li Zhongwu , Chen Runzhe , Abbas Hussein A. , Chang Lianpeng , Gong Yuhua , Wu Nan , Zhong Jia , Chen Wenting , Chen Hanxiao , Dong Zhi , Zhu Xiang , Li Jianjie , Wang Yuyan , An Tongtong , Wu Meina , Wang Ziping , Wang Jiayin , Roarty Emily B. , Rinsurongkawong Waree , Lewis Jeff , Roth Jack A. , Swisher Stephen G. , Lee J. Jack , Heymach John V. , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Kalhor Neda , Yang Ling , Yi Xin , Futreal P. Andrew , Glisson Bonnie S. , Xia Xuefeng , Zhang Jianjun , Zhao Jun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
The optimal systemic treatment for pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is still under debate. Previous studies showed that LCNEC with different genomic characteristics might respond differently to different chemotherapy regimens. In this study, we sought to investigate genomic subtyping using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis in advanced LCNEC and assess its potential prognostic and predictive value.

Experimental Design:
Tumor DNA and cfDNA from 63 patients with LCNEC were analyzed by target-captured sequencing. Survival and response analyses were applied to 54 patients with advanced stage incurable disease who received first-line chemotherapy.

Results:
The mutation landscape of frequently mutated cancer genes in LCNEC from cfDNA closely resembled that from tumor DNA, which led to a 90% concordance in genomic subtyping. The 63 patients with LCNEC were classified into small-cell lung cancer (SCLC)-like and non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-like LCNEC based on corresponding genomic features derived from tumor DNA and/or cfDNA. Overall, patients with SCLC-like LCNEC had a shorter overall survival than those with NSCLC-like LCNEC despite higher response rate (RR) to chemotherapy. Furthermore, treatment with etoposide-platinum was associated with superior response and survival in SCLC-like LCNEC compared with pemetrexed-platinum and gemcitabine/taxane-platinum doublets, while treatment with gemcitabine/taxane-platinum led to a shorter survival compared with etoposide-platinum or pemetrexed-platinum in patients with NSCLC-like LCNEC.

Conclusions:
Genomic subtyping has potential in prognostication and therapeutic decision-making for patients with LCNEC and cfDNA analysis may be a reliable alternative for genomic profiling of LCNEC.
A Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Modulator Ameliorates Polycystic Kidney Disease in Han:SPRD Rats
Authors: Li Xin , Wu Ming , Chen Limin , Lu Junyan , Li Guo , Fu Lili , Qi Na , Lin Ye , Sun Zhongya , Wang Xueqi , Zhang Hao , Liu Jingqiu , Jiang Hualiang , Li Lin , Mei Chang-Lin , Luo Cheng 
Published: November 2019

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Inflammation plays an important role in polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Cordyceps sinensis, a prized ­Chinese medicinal herb, exerts anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-metastatic effects and benefits patients with kidney diseases. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of FTY720, an immunosuppressant derived from C. sinensis, in a rat cystic kidney disease model, and explore its underlining mechanism. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Male wild type and Cy/+ Han:SPRD rats were treated with FTY720 at 3 and 10 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks and 12 weeks by gavage. Blood and kidney were collected for functional, morphological, RNA, and protein analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Inflammation is activated in Cy/+ Han:SPRD rats. Inflammatory cytokines including interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were upregulated and inflammation-related pathways were activated, such as nuclear factor κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways. Furthermore, the bioactive sphingolipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a regulator of inflammation, was accumulated in the Cy/+ Han:SPRD rats. FTY720 significantly reduced cyst growth and delayed disease progression by reducing the accumulation of S1P, thereby inhibiting inflammatory responses. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> FTY720 treatment reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines and attenuated the activation of NK-κB and STAT3 pathways in Cy/+ Han:SPRD rats. It suggests that FTY720 may serve as a therapeutic agent for clinical autosomal dominant PKD treatment.
Хірургічна тактика при поєднаному стенотично-оклюзивному ураженні екстракраніальних артерій та аорто/клубово-стегнової зони
Authors: Wenger I. K. , Kolotylo O. B. , Kostiv S. Ya. , Gerasimyuk N. I. , Kachmar V. Y. 
Published: November 2019

Мета роботи: попередити розвиток неврологічних ускладнень при хірургічному лікуванні поєднаного атеросклеротичного ураження екстракраніальних артерій та аорто/клубово-стегнової зони.
Матеріали і методи. Обстежено та прооперовано 133 пацієнти із поєднаним стенотично-оклюзивним ураженням екстракраніальних артерій (ЕКА) та аорто/клубово-стегнового сегмента (АКСС). У 102 пацієнтів діагностовано різні варіанти атеросклеротичної оклюзії АКСС. Проблемна нижня кінцівка у вказаної групи пацієнтів у 64 спостереженнях характеризувалась ІІІБ-ІV ст. хронічної критичної ішемії нижньої кінцівки (ХКІНК), у 33 – ІІІА ст., у 7 – ІІБ ст. хронічної артеріальної недостатності (ХАН) (за класифікацією Fontaine R. з врахуванням критеріїв Європейської робочої групи 1992), контрлатеральна нижня кінцівка – ІІБ ст. ХАН. У 29 пацієнтів діагностовано різні варіанти атеросклеротичної оклюзії клубово-стегнового артеріального русла. Нижня кінцівка із оклюзією клубово-стегнового сегмента у 15 спостереженнях характеризувалась ІІБ ст. ХАН, у 16 – ІІІА ст. ХАН, контрлатеральна нижня кінцівка – ІІА ст. ХАН.
У 133 пацієнтів діагностовано оклюзійно-стенотичний процес ЕКА. Ізольоване ураження внутрішньої стегнової артерії (ВСА) діагностовано у 94 спостереженнях, зовнішньої стегнової артерії (ЗСА) – у 25 хворих. У 81 хворого воно поєднувалось із стенотичним процесом на рівні 22–34 % контрлатеральної ВСА. Поширений оклюзивно-стенотичний процес у БЦС та біфуркація ЗСА і ВСА – діагностовано в 12 спостереженнях. У двох пацієнтів стеноз біфуркации ЗСА поєднувався із оклюзією ПкА. У 51 (38,4 %) встановлено компенсовану стадію недостатності мозкового кровообігу, у 82 (61,7 %) спостереженнях – стадію відносної компенсації.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. При проведенні реконструктивно-відновних операцій при поєднаному оклюзивно-стенотичному ураженні ЕКА та А/КСС застосували хірургічну тактику, при якій здійснюється одномоментне хірургічне втручання на обох артеріальних зонах із врахуванням домінуючого ураження одного із артеріальних басейнів та можливої післяопераційної трансформації центральної гемодинаміки.
При проведенні реконструктивно-відновних операцій при поєднаному оклюзивно-стенозуючому ураженні ЕКА та А/КСС ранній післяопераційний період характеризувався розвитком транзиторної ішемічної атаки (ТІА) у 12 (9,2 %) спостереженнях, порушенням ритму і провідності серцевого м’яза – у 10 (7,5 %) спостереженнях, минущою нирковою недостатністю – у 11 (8,3 %) спостереженнях та інтерстиціальним набряком легень – у 2 (1,5 %).
Токсичність МАРК у карциномах щитоподібної залози. Механізми пригнічення сигнального каскаду (огляд літератури та власних даних)
Authors: Guda B. B. , Pushkarev V. V. , Kovzun O. I. , Pushkarev V. P. , Tronko M. D. 
Published: November 2019

Мета роботи: дослідження в пухлинах щитоподібної залози (ЩЗ) активності та експресії головної ефекторної протеїнкінази каскаду – ERK1/2.
Отримано переконливі докази того, що сигнальний каскад Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK (МАРК) сприяє проліферації і злоякісній трансформації клітин шляхом стимуляції клітинного росту і ділення, а також пригнічення апоптозу. Мітогенний МАРК-каскад пов’язує сигнали факторів росту на рецепторах клітинної поверхні з транскрипційними факторами АР-1, NF-κB, Ets, що приводить до індукції с-Fos, цикліну D1 і с-Мус. Ці фактори регулюють експресію генів, що контролюють виживання, ангіогенез, ріст, проліферацію і мобільність клітин. Однак гіперактивність цього каскаду в пухлинних тканинах може привести до сенесценції, затримки росту, апоптозу або посилення автофагії. Цей феномен назвали “токсичністю онкогенів”.
Long-Term Trends in Stroke Survivors Discharged to Care Homes
Authors: Clery Amanda , Bhalla Ajay , Bisquera Alessandra , Skolarus Lesli E. , Marshall Iain , McKevitt Christopher , Rudd Anthony , Sackley Catherine , Martin Finbarr C. , Manthorpe Jill , Wolfe Charles , Wang Yanzhong 
Published: November 2019

Background and Purpose—
Care homes provide care to many stroke survivors, yet little is known about changes in care home use over time. We aim to determine trends in discharge to care homes, to explore the characteristics of stroke survivors over time (1995–2018), and to identify the associations between these characteristics and discharge to care homes poststroke.

Methods—
Using data from the South London Stroke Register between 1995 and 2018, we estimated the proportions discharged to care homes and their characteristics over time, assessed by tests for trends. Multivariable logistic regression models were built to assess the associations between their characteristics and discharge destination.

Results—

Of 4172 stroke survivors, 484 (12%) were discharged to care homes. This proportion has decreased from 24% in 1995 to 2000 to 5% in 2013 to 2018. The mean age of those discharged to care homes has increased over time, from 73 to 75 (
P
<0.001). Among stroke survivors discharged to a care home, the proportion with a prestroke Barthel Index <15 has also increased over time from 7% to 21% (
P
=0.027), while the proportion with a 7-day poststroke Barthel Index <15 remains largely unchanged over time (93% in 1995–2000, 90% in 2013–2018). The characteristics most strongly associated with discharge to care homes were (odds ratio [95% CI]) age (1.05 [1.04–1.07] per year), stroke subtype (hemorrhagic; 0.64 [0.43–0.95]), stroke severity (Glasgow Coma Scale score, <13; 1.67 [1.19–2.35]), failed swallow test at admission (1.65 [1.20–2.25]), 7-day poststroke Barthel Index <15 (3.58 [2.20–6.03]), and a longer hospital stay (1.02 [1.02–1.03] per day).

Conclusions—
Over >20 years, there has been an 80% reduction in the proportion of stroke survivors discharged to care homes, influenced by changes in the demographics, disability, and stroke care in the underlying stroke population. In those moving to care homes, the level of poststroke disability remains high, requiring continued attention and investment.
Imperialist Feminism and Islamic Law
Authors: Salaymeh Lena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article presents three arguments about defects in imperialist feminism. First, I show that imperialist feminists engage in decontextualized comparisons: they consistently compare Western women to the Muslimwoman, without comparing Muslim men and women or comparing non-Muslim men and women. These inconsistent comparisons are the source of significant misrepresentations of Muslim women. Second, I propose that imperialist feminists view Muslim women through the heteronormative male gaze. That is, when imperialist feminists assess Muslim women’s practices, they implement the normative assumptions of heterosexual males in the West. Third, I argue that imperialist feminists incorrectly presume that Western women enjoy full autonomy or fail to recognize that women everywhere do not enjoy full autonomy. I present medieval Islamic legal ideas about a wife’s right to sexual fulfillment as evidence that the liberal myth of autonomy is not translatable to orthodox Islamic jurisprudence.
Le statut matrimonial de la femme dans l’islam médiéval à l’épreuve des documents juridiques
Authors: Dridi Moez , Roiland Muriel 
Published: November 2019

Résumé
Dans le dār al-islām, c’est une conception juridique et contractuelle du mariage qui prévaut : le mariage y est, en effet, un contrat qui fixe les droits et les obligations des époux. Sur la base d’un corpus de documents juridiques rédigés entre les IIIe/IXe et les Xe/XVIe siècles, à partir de cas provenant de plusieurs régions du monde arabe médiéval, nous mettons ici en valeur la situation matrimoniale des femmes, en particulier, la valeur de la dot, les relations conjugales et l’ajout éventuel aux contrats de conditions qui leur sont favorables.
La vie de couple peut en effet être rythmée par une succession d’actes de droit personnel : mariages, quittances de réception de la dot, répudiation ou divorce. Le corollaire étant que certaines femmes n’hésitent pas à saisir le qāḍī pour faire respecter les clauses qu’elles, ou leur représentant, ont fait inscrire dans les contrats.