bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of Short-Chain Carboxylic Acids by Co-Digestion of Swine Manure and Corn Silage: Effect of Carbon-Nitrogen Ratio
Authors: Cao Qitao , Zhang Wanqin , Zheng Yunhao , Lian Tianjing , Dong Hongmin 
Published: May 2020

HighlightsThe maximum SCCA concentration was achieved at a C/N ratio of 25 with 18 days of fermentation.The highest VFAs and LA were produced at C/N ratios of 12.7 and 35, respectively, after 12 days of fermentation.The unit energy value of SCCAs for drop-in fuel production was 50.5% higher than that of methane.The dominant bacteria changed from Clostridium to Lactobacillus with increasing C/N ratio.Abstract. Advancing technologies to produce short-chain carboxylic acids (SCCAs) from agricultural waste are expected to be more economical and efficient. This study presented a new attempt to enhance SCCA production from co-digestion of swine manure and corn silage with the carbon-nitrogen (C/N) ratio adjusted from 12.7 to 50.2. Results showed that the maximum SCCA concentration of 26,214 ±2948 mg COD L-1 was achieved at a C/N ratio of 25 with 18 days of digestion, and the concentrations of lactic acid (LA) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were 8700 ±1060 mg COD L-1 and 17,514 ±1888 mg COD L-1, respectively. The LA content first increased and then slightly decreased with increasing C/N ratio, and the maximum LA concentration was 468.5 ±44.3 mg COD g-1 VSadded (VSadded means added fermentation material is calculated as volatile solids) at a C/N ratio of 35 at 12 days of digestion. VFAs showed an opposite trend, with a maximum VFA concentration of 601.1 ±42.4 mg COD g-1 VSadded found at a C/N ratio of 12.7 after 12 days of digestion. Potential energy analysis of the highest SCCA production showed that the unit energy value of SCCAs for drop-in fuel production was 50.5% higher than that of methane. Analysis of the microbial community showed that the dominant bacterial groups changed gradually from butyric acid-producing bacteria (Clostridium) to lactic acid-producing bacteria (Lactobacillus) as the C/N ratio increased from 12.7 to 50.2. Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, Corn silage, Lactic acid, Short-chain carboxylic acids, Swine manure.
Comparative study of cost-effective coherent and direct detection schemes for 100  Gb/s/λ PON
Authors: Zhu Yixiao , Yi Lilin , Yang Bo , Huang Xingang , Wey Jun Shan , Ma Zhuang , Hu Weisheng 
Published: May 2020

As the capacity of the next-generation passive optical network (PON) is
reaching 100 Gb/s and beyond, cost-effective transceivers have been
widely discussed. In this work, we provide a comprehensive comparison
of various simplified coherent and direct detection (DD) schemes
operating at a

100

G
b

/

s

/

λ

4-ary pulse amplitude modulation
signal through numerical simulation. According to the cost, the
coherent receivers can be divided into three levels: intensity-only
coherent receivers and phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive
complex-value coherent receivers. The received power sensitivity at
back-to-back, influence of laser frequency offset, local oscillator
power, laser linewidth, analog-to-digital convertor resolution, fiber
dispersion, and hardware complexity are investigated and analyzed for
each transceiver structure. The results show the following:
(1) Transmitter-side optical amplification is suggested for DD and
intensity-only coherent receivers to meet the 29 dB power budget
requirement, and these schemes have a large dispersion penalty.
(2) Compared with

3

×

3

coupler and

2

×

4

hybrid-based coherent receivers,

2

×

2

coupler and balanced-photodiode-based
heterodyne detection exhibit similar performance with a simpler
structure. (3) Both phase-insensitive and phase-sensitive
complex-value coherent receivers have superior power budget and
dispersion tolerance, and their application in PON would depend on the
cost.
In vivo time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy above the water absorption peak
Authors: Colombo L. , Pagliazzi M. , Konugolu Venkata Sekar S. , Contini D. , Durduran T. , Pifferi A. 
Published: May 2020

Time-domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (TD-DCS) is a newly
emerging optical technique that exploits pulsed, yet coherent light to
non-invasively resolve the blood flow in depth. In this work, we have
explored TD-DCS at longer wavelengths compared to those previously
used in literature (i.e., 750–850 nm). The measurements were performed
using a custom-made titanium-sapphire mode-locked laser, operating at
1000 nm, and an InGaAs photomultiplier as a detector. Tissue-mimicking
phantoms and in vivo measurements during
arterial arm cuff occlusion in

n

=

4

adult volunteers were performed to
demonstrate the proof of concept. We obtained a good signal-to-noise
ratio, following the hemodynamics continuously with a relatively fast
(1 Hz) sampling rate. In all the experiments, the auto-correlation
functions show a decay rate approximately five-fold slower compared to
shorter wavelengths. This work demonstrates the feasibility of in vivo TD-DCS in this spectral region and its
potentiality for biomedical applications.
400-Gb/s direct modulation using a DFB+R laser
Authors: Che Di , Matsui Yasuhiro , Chen Xi , Schatz Richard , Iannone Patrick 
Published: May 2020

We demonstrate a direct-modulation and direct-detection system with a back-to-back line rate of 411.6 (net bit rate of 337.5) Gb/s using a 65 GHz DFB+R laser. The O-band laser with a chirp parameter of 0.6 supports dispersion-tolerant transmissions up to 15 km without an optical amplifier.
Painting Beyond Itself: The Medium in the Post-Medium Condition, Isabella Graw and Ewa Lajer-Burcharth (eds) (2016)
Authors: Green Alison 
Published: May 2020

Review of: Painting Beyond Itself: The Medium in the Post-Medium Condition, Isabella Graw and Ewa Lajer-Burcharth (eds) (2016)
Berlin: Sternberg Press, 292 pp.,
ISBN 978-3-95679-007-2, p/bk, £13.95
Liraglutide-Induced Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis in a Nondiabetic Patient
Authors: Dolan Russell D. , Bazarbashi Ahmad Najdat , Lo Amy , Smith Benjamin N. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analog with a primary effect of increased glucose-dependent insulin secretion and decreased gastric emptying. It serves as a feasible medical weight loss option because of the drug's effect of invoking satiety and lowering caloric intake. Despite emerging efficacy, the GLP-1 class has been associated with severe, although rare, adverse events, including pancreatitis. Previous investigations demonstrated the greatest association between GLP-1 agonist-associated pancreatitis in diabetic populations; however, liraglutide dosing is higher in weight loss formulations, placing the weight loss population at higher risk. We present a case of liraglutide-induced acute pancreatitis in a patient without diabetes.
A Coaching Session Framework to Facilitate Long-Term Athletic Development
Authors: Till Kevin , Eisenmann Joe , Emmonds Stacey , Jones Ben , Mitchell Tom , Cowburn Ian , Tee Jason , Holmes Neil , Lloyd Rhodri S. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
The implementation of long-term athletic development (LTAD) aims to improve health, physical activity, and performance of all youth. Contemporary LTAD models suggest that a broad range of physical and psychosocial competencies should be developed in youth, but few resources are available for coaches that describe “how” to achieve these outcomes. This article overviews a coaching session framework built around the following components: raise, activate, mobilize, prepare, activity, games, evaluate (RAMPAGE). The framework provides practitioners with information on what can be planned and delivered and when within a coaching session, across multiple ages and stages of development within multiple contexts (e.g., physical education and talent development).
Validation of QTLs for Fiber Quality Introgressed from Gossypium mustelinum by Selective Genotyping
Authors: Chen Qi , Wang Wei , Wang Caixiang , Zhang Mi , Yu Jiwen , Zhang Yifei , Yuan Baotong , Ding Yunyun , Jones Don C , Paterson Andrew H , Chee Peng W , Wang Baohua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Gene introgression from wild species has been shown to be a feasible approach for fiber quality improvement in Upland cotton. Previously, we developed an interspecific G. mustelinum × G. hirsutum advanced-backcross population and mapped over one hundred QTL for fiber quality traits. In the current study, a trait-based selective genotyping approach was utilized to prioritize a small subset of introgression lines with high phenotypic values for different fiber quality traits, to simultaneously validate multiple fiber quality QTL in a single experiment. A total of 75 QTL were detected by CIM and/or single-marker analysis, including 11 significant marker-trait associations (P &lt; 0.001) and three putative associations (P &lt; 0.005) also reported in earlier studies. The QTL that have been validated include three each for fiber length, micronaire, and elongation, and one each for fiber strength and uniformity. Collectively, about 10% of the QTL previously reported have been validated here, indicating that selective genotyping has the potential to validate multiple marker-trait associations for different traits, especially those with a moderate to large-effect detected simultaneously in one experimental population. The G. mustelinum alleles contributed to improved fiber quality for all validated loci. The results from this study will lay the foundation for further fine mapping, marker-assisted selection and map-based gene cloning.
Sintesis Membran Komposit PVDF-Zeolit untuk Penghilangan Metilen Biru
Authors: Suryandari Ervin Tri 
Published: May 2020

Metilen biru (MB) merupakan zat warna kation yang sering digunakan dalam industri tekstil, karena harganya yang ekonomis dan mudah diperoleh. Dalam pewarnaan, senyawa ini hanya digunakan sekitar 5% sedangkan sisanya 95% akan dibuang sebagai limbah. Keberadaannya di lingkungan menurunkan kualitas air dan kenaikan BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) sehingga dapat merusak keseimbangan ekosistem lingkungan. Metilen biru tidak termasuk zat warna toksik, tetapi dalam keadaan tertentu dapat menimbulkan beberapa efek yang berbahaya seperti jika tertelan dapat menyebabkan kesulitan bernafas, menimbulkan sensasi terbakar dalam mulut, mual, muntah, dan diare. Jika terpapar dalam jangka waktu yang lama, dapat menimbulkan nyeri di dada dan perut, sakit kepala, keringat berlebihan. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan penanganan limbah metilen biru yang tepat. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pembuatan membran komposit poliviniliden fluorida (PVDF)–Zeolit. Penambahan zeolit ke dalam membran PVDF diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membran. Proses pembuatan membran menggunakan metode inversi fasa. Larutan PVDF 20% larutan PVDF (b/v) dalam N,N-dimetilformamida (DMF) sebagai pelarut dan air suling sebagai non-pelarut. Sedangkan membran komposit PVDF-Zeolit dibuat dengan menambahka zeolit sebesar 20% (b/b) ke dalam larutan PVDF. Membran yang diperoleh kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR, SEM, dan ditentukan nilai permeabilitasnya. Berdasarkan citra SEM, membran PVDF bersifat berpori dan penambahan zeolit ke dalam membran PVDF membuat membran menjadi semakin berpori. Membran komposit PVDF-Zeolit memiliki ketebalan yang lebih tipis daripada membran PVDF biasa sehingga proses pemisahan pada membran komposit bisa terjadi lebih cepat. Proses pemisahan metilen biru menggunakan kedua membran diuji berdasarkan penentuan nilai persen rejeksi pada pH 3, 4, 5, dan 6. Hasil menunjukkan kedua membran memiliki nilai persen rejeksi optimum pada pH 5 yaitu sebesar 76,45% dengan nilai permeabilitas sebesar 8,921 Lm-2h-1bar-1 pada membran PVDF, dan 82,65% dengan nilai permeabilitas 19,197 Lm-2h-1bar-1 pada membran komposit PVDF-Zeolit.
Analisis bahan bakar Alternatif Komposit Biobriket dari Eceng gondok dengan Perekat Kotoran Sapi
Authors: Adhani Lisa , Marsya Mutia Annisa , Oktavia Saras , Sindiany Ika Irma 
Published: May 2020

Energi terbarukan merupakan energi alternatif yang menjadi isu energi teratas, mengingat menipisnya persediaan bahan bakar bumi (tak terbarukan). Biomassa adalah adalah energi alternatif yang menarik untuk dikembangkan saat ini, terutama di Indonesia yang dikenal sebagai negeri agraris dan disebut sebagai negeri biodiversitas. Eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) merupakan satu biomassa yang berpotensi sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Tanaman ini banyak hidup di daerah perairan Indonesia seperti sungai dan rawa-rawa. Pertumbuhan eceng gondok sangat cepat sehingga jumlahnya seringkali melimpah dan tak terkendali. Tanpa adanya pantauan yang baik, membuat tanaman ini menjadi pengganggu habitat disekitarnya. Sehingga memperburuk estetika dan menimbulkan bau. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan eceng gondok menjadi bahan bakar alternatif dengan campuran kotoran sapi sebagai bahan perekatnya. Eceng gondok di manfaatkan menjadi biobriket dengan proses karbonasi anaerob pada temperature 400ºC. Proses pembuatan biobriket tersebut dilakukan dengan variasi komposisi antara eceng gondok dan kotoran sapi dengan persentase 30%, 50%, dan 70%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, biobriket dengan komposisi kotoran sapi 70% adalah biobriket terbaik jika mengacu pada SNI 01-6235-2000 yaitu memiliki kadar air 0,0435%, kadar abu 0,47% dan nilai kalor sebesar 4715 kal/gram. Uji SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) memperkuat kesimpulan dengan menggambarkan morfologi agglomerasi yang teratur sehingga dapat dikatakan membuat rongga pada bagian tengah dari briket, sehingga luas permukaan briket lebih besar yang menyebabkan laju pembakaran lebih tinggi.
Kegiatan Tabligh di Kalangan Penyandang Disabilitas Tunarunungu Wicara
Authors: Mahlufi Nizam Nizam , Sumijaty Siti , Aliyudin Mukhlis 
Published: May 2020

Di Jama’ah Tabligh Al-Latifah Buah Batu terdapat penyandang disabilitas tunarungu wicara. Para mubaligh disana menggunakan cara khusus untuk menyampaikan materi tablighnya kepada penyandang disabilitas dengan menggunakan Bahasa Isyarat dengan pendekatan Komunikasi Total. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui proses tabligh terhadap penyandang tunarungu wicara, materi tabligh yang disampakan terhadap penyandang tunarungu dan metode yang dilakukan dalam penyampaian materi tabligh terhadap penyandang tunarungu wicara di Jama’ah Tabligh Al-Latifah Buah Batu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dekriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan, menganalisis data yang menggambarkan situasi kedaan dan hasil temuan lapangan yang bersifat non-hipotesis, selanjutnya mendeskripsikan apa yang dilihat, didengar, dirasakan, dan ditanyakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan tabligh pada proses pelakasanaanya menemukan berbagai macam hambatan, Hambatan-hambatan tersebut adalah: (a) Perbedaan Kemampuan dalam Berbahasa Isyarat, (b) Hambatan lainya. Oleh karena itu ada upaya dalam mengatasi hambatan-hambatan, guna mengoptimalkan peyampaian materi menjadi lebih baik lagi : Mempedalam Bahasa Isyarat Komunikasi Total, (b) Pendekatan Secara Psikologis
Kata kunci : Tabligh; Tunarungu Wicara; Komunikasi Total.
In Jama'ah Tabligh Al-Latifah Buah Batu there are persons with hearing impairments. The preachers there use a special method to convey their material to persons with disabilities using Sign Language using the Total Communication approach. The purpose of this study is to find out how the tabligh process of deaf people is speaking, what material is tabligh delivered to deaf people and how the method is carried out in delivering tabligh material to deaf people in Jama'ah Tabligh Al-Latifah Buah Batu. This research uses descriptive research method with a qualitative approach by collecting, analyzing data describing the situation of the situation and the results of non-hypothesis field findings, then describing what is seen, heard, felt, and asked. The results of this study indicate that tabligh activities in the implementation process find a variety of obstacles, these obstacles are: (a) Differences in Sign Language Ability, (b) Other obstacles. Therefore there are efforts in overcoming obstacles, in order to optimize the delivery of material to be even better: Deepening the Total Communication Sign Language, (b) Psychological Approach.
Keywords : Tabligh; Deaf speech; Total Communication.
Strength and conditioning practices of franchise-level cricket trainers
Authors: Pote Lee , King Greg , Christie Candice 
Published: May 2020

Background: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the strength and conditioning practices implemented by cricket trainers and coaches at an elite level.
Methods: An online survey, adapted from previous strength and conditioning questionnaires, was sent to trainers currently working with the franchise cricket teams in South Africa. The survey consisted of four main sections including a general strength and conditioning, cricket- specific and injury prevention category.
Results: The results indicated that trainers (n = 5) implement planned sessions throughout the different phases of the season and that certain injury prevention practices are applied. Furthermore, player workload is monitored for all disciplines (batsmen, bowlers and fielders).
Conclusion: These results can be used as a tool to educate coaches and trainers to ensure the correct strength and conditioning practices are implemented. Additionally the study showed that strength and conditioning practices at the elite level can be implemented without specialised equipment and facilities, which is important for teams that are constantly travelling. Lastly it showed the importance of looking at all aspects of health and skill related fitness.
Efficiency of vanillin in impeding metabolic adaptability and virulence of Candida albicans by inhibiting glyoxylate cycle, morphogenesis, and biofilm formation
Authors: Venkata Saibabu , Zeeshan Fatima , Kamal Ahmad , Luqman Ahmad Khan , Saif Hameed 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: Candida albicans is the fourth most common cause of nosocomial fungal infections across the world. The current drug regimens are suffering from such drawbacks as drug resistance, toxicity, and costliness; accordingly, they highlight the need for the discovery of novel drug agents. The metabolic adaptability under low-carbon conditions and expression of functional virulence traits mark the success of pathogens to cause infection. The metabolic pathways, such as glyoxylate cycle (GC), enable C. albicans to survive under glucose-deficient conditions prevalent in the hostile niche. Therefore, the key enzymes, namely isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MLS), represent attractive agents against C. albicans. Similarly, virulence traits, such as morphogenesis and biofilm formation, are the crucial determinants of C. albicans pathogenicity. Regarding this, the present study was conducted to uncover the role of vanillin (Van), a natural food flavoring agent, in inhibiting GC, yeast-to-hyphal transition, and biofilm formation in human fungal pathogen C. albicans.
Materials and Methods: For the determination of hypersensitivity under low-glucose conditions, phenotypic susceptibility assay was utilized. In addition, enzyme activities were estimated based on crude extracts while in-silico binding was confirmed by molecular docking. The assessment of morphogenesis was accomplished using hyphalinducing media, and biofilm formation was estimated using calcofluor staining, MTT assay, and biomass measurement. Additionally, the in vivo efficacy of Van was demonstrated using Caenorhabditis elegans nematode model.
Results: Based on the results, Van was found to be a potent GC inhibitor that phenocopied ICL1 deletion mutant and displayed hypersensitivity under low-carbon conditions. Accordingly, Van facilitated the inhibition of ICL and MLS activities in vitro. Molecular docking analyses revealed the in-silico binding affinity of Van with Icl1p and Mls1p. Those analyses were also confirmative of the binding of Van to the active sites of both proteins with better binding energy in comparison to their known inhibitors. Furthermore, Van led to the attenuation of such virulence traits as morphogenesis, biofilm formation, and cell adherence. Finally, the antifungal efficacy of Van was demonstrated by the enhanced survival of C. elegans with Candida infection. The results also confirmed negligible hemolytic activity on erythrocytes.
Conclusion: As the findings of the present study indicated, Van is a persuasive natural compound that warrants further attention to exploit its anticandidal potential
Translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene as a marker for diagnosing of Candida onychomycosis
Authors: Pakshir Keyvan , Farazmand Forough , Ghasemi Farnoush , Mirhend Hossein , Zomorodian Kamiar , Kharazi Mahboobeh , Alborzi Pour Ramtin , Golestani Hajar , Motamedi1 Marjan 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose: Culture-based identification methods have been the gold standard for the diagnosis of candidal onychomycosis. Molecular technologies, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, can provide an alternative for the rapid detection of Candida species. The present study was conducted to investigate a pan-Candida PCR assay based on the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α) gene for the detection of the most prevalent pathogenic Candida species.
Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, an optimized pan-Candida PCR primer pair was designed, and the target was amplified and sequenced. The analytical and clinical diagnostic performance of the designed primers was tested using 17 reference strains, 137 nail scrapings suspected of onychomycosis, and 10 healthy nail specimens.
Results: The use of the universal pan-Candida primers designed on TEF-1α gene resulted in the successful amplification of a 270-base pair fragment in all Candida species tested, except for C. glabrata, and reacted neither with other fungi nor with E. coli. The sequence difference count matrix showed poor insertion/deletion differences (0-2 nt) among Candida species. Among 137 nail specimens, 35% (n=48), 30.7% (n=42), and 40.1% (n=55) of the samples were found to be positive by direct microscopy, culture, and pan-Candida PCR, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the PCR-based detection targeting the DNA TEF-1α gene is a rapid and simple procedure for the diagnosis of candidal onychomycosis directly from nail sample.