bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uretero‐arterial fistula treated with endovascular stent graft following multiple interventions
Authors: Kaneko Tomoyuki , Sakamoto Akihiko , Yamada Yukio , Yamamoto Masayoshi , Kondo Hiroshi , Nakagawa Tohru 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionUretero‐arterial fistula is a rare life‐threatening condition. Its diagnosis and management remains a challenge for urologists.Case presentationA 64‐year‐old man presented to our hospital with gross hematuria. He had history of rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by low anterior resection and chronic ureteral stenting for bilateral ureteral strictures. He developed recurrent hemorrhagic shocks due to sudden massive gross hematuria. Repeated computed tomography and angiography could not identify the source of bleeding. After prophylactic embolization of the right renal artery and right nephrectomy, angiography finally revealed a uretero‐arterial fistula from the right external iliac artery. Percutaneous balloon‐expandable covered stent graft was used to successfully treat the fistula.ConclusionsUrologists should consider possible uretero‐arterial fistula in patients with recurrent hematuria along with several risk factors and convincing medical history.
Beneficial effect of sodium thiosulfate extends beyond myocardial tissue in isoproterenol model of infarction: Implication for nootropic effects
Authors: Ravindran Sriram , Gopalakrishnan Senthilkumar , Kurian Gino A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOne of the common negative impacts in the management of acute myocardial infarction is cognitive decline. Using the rat model of isoproterenol (ISO)‐induced myocardial infarction, we assessed the cardioprotective effect of sodium thiosulfate (STS) and its influence on cognition. STS treatment reduced the cardiac infarct size by 75%, injury markers (lactate dehydrogenase: 60%, creatine kinase‐muscle/brain: 44%) release in the blood, maintain the heart rate within a normal range (365 ± 10 bpm) and minimize postinfarction hypertrophic changes in comparison with the ISO group. At the cellular level, the heart from these rats had reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) (25%), caspase‐9 (60%), and improved mitochondrial function (restored electron transport chain function and copy number) compared to ISO hearts. The brain of STS‐treated rats also showed a reduction in ROS (45%), caspase‐9 (37%), and improved mitochondrial function relative to the brain of the ISO group, particularly limited to the striatum region, and these rats showed improved cognitive ability. Predominantly, the STS treatment reduced the reference memory defects observed in comparison to rats challenged by ISO. Furthermore, elevated circulating mitochondrial DNA and ATP were found in ISO‐challenged rats, which indicate the cardiac mitochondria linked damage‐associated patterns were restored to the sham level when pretreated with STS. We found increased H2S, a well‐known metabolite of STS with a neuroprotective role in the brain after STS administration, hinting at a possible secondary defense mechanism. In conclusion, the STS mediated cardioprotection and its nootropic effects are primarily mediated via the improvement of mitochondrial function and reduction of oxidative stress.
Analysis of serum gastrin‐17 and Helicobacter pylori antibody in healthy Chinese population
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Sun Youxiang , Yuan Yulin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundGastrin‐17 (G‐17) and Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) antibody are widely used in the screening of gastric diseases, especially in gastric cancer. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the value of G‐17 and H pylori antibody in gastric disease screening.MethodsHealthy males and females (1368 and 1212, respectively) aged between 21‐80 years were recruited for the study. Serum G‐17 value was measured using ELISA, and H pylori antibodies were measured using Western blotting. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi‐square, Mann‐Whitney U, and Kruskal‐Wallis H tests.ResultsSerum G‐17 level was higher in the H pylori‐positive group than in the negative group. Serum G‐17 level was higher in the type 1 H pylori‐positive group than in the type 2 H pylori‐positive group. Further, serum G‐17 level was higher in females than in males and showed significant differences among different age‐groups, with changes in trend proportional to the age. The positive rate of H pylori infection in all the subjects was 58.29% and did not show a significant difference between males and females. However, it showed significant differences among different age‐groups, with the changing trend proportional to the age.ConclusionAnalysis of serum G‐17 level and H pylori antibody typing is valuable in gastric disease screening. Every laboratory should establish its own reference interval for G‐17 level.
Identification of novel variants in Iranian consanguineous pedigrees with nonsyndromic hearing loss by next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Bitarafan Fatemeh , Seyedena Seyed Yousef , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe extremely high genetic heterogeneity of hearing loss due to diverse group of genes encoding proteins required for development, function, and maintenance of the complex auditory system makes the genetic diagnosis of this disease challenging. Up to now, 121 different genes have been identified for nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL), of which 76 genes are responsible for the most common forms of NSHL, autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL).MethodsAfter excluding mutations in the most common ARNSHL gene, GJB2, by Sanger sequencing, genetic screening for a panel of genes responsible for hereditary hearing impairment performed in 9 individuals with ARNSHL from unrelated Iranian consanguineous pedigrees.ResultsOne compound heterozygote and eight homozygote variants, of which five are novel, were identified: CDH23:p.(Glu1970Lys), and p.(Ala1072Asp), GIPC3:p.(Asn82Ser), and (p.Thr41Lys), MYO7A:p.[Phe456Phe]; p.[Met708Val], and p.(Gly163Arg), TECTA:p.(Leu17Leufs*19), OTOF:c.1392+1G>A, and TRIOBP:p.(Arg1068*). Sanger sequencing confirmed the segregation of the variants with the disease in each family.ConclusionFinding more variants and expanding the spectrum of hearing impairment mutations can increase the diagnostic value of molecular testing in the screening of patients and can improve counseling to minimize the risk of having affected children for at risk couples.
Emerging trends of culturing microalgae for fish‐rearing environment protection
Authors: Yang Limin , Li Huankai , Lu Qian , Zhou Wenguang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe application of microalgae biotechnology, which can recover nutrients from wastewater, improve water quality, and feed some aquatic animals, is becoming an emerging trend in the development of eco‐friendly aquaculture. Previous studies explored a variety of models to support the use of microalgae in aquaculture practice, verifying the feasibility and advantages of microalgae‐based aquaculture. However, a couple of bottlenecks and problems jeopardizing the application of microalgae biotechnology in aquaculture are discovered in the research and industrial practice. This work, hence, summarizes the research progress and the current opinions relating with the microalgae‐based aquaculture and proposes some critical thoughts about the bottlenecks challenging its industrial implementation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
Variants in multiple genes are associated with esophageal cancer risk in a Chinese Han population: A case–control study
Authors: Xiong Zichao , Wu Jiamin , Sun Yao , Bai Mei , Niu Fanglin , Jin Tianbo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe present study investigated whether 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), selected based on minor allele frequencies, Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and reported SNPs related to the susceptibility of certain gastrointestinal cancer, were associated with esophageal cancer (EC) risk in a Chinese Han population.MethodsWe genotyped 16 SNPs among 506 cases and 507 controls using Agena MassARRAY (Agena, San Diego, CA, USA). The association between 16 SNPs and EC risk was analyzed by a chi‐squared test and genetic model analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Resultsrs1050631 and the rs6214 were associated with a decreased EC risk (OR = 0.75, p = 0.038; OR = 0.74, p = 0.045, respectively). In stratification analysis, the rs9868873 was associated with an increased EC risk (age < 64 years) (OR = 5.03, p = 0.005). The rs6214 was associated with a decreased EC risk (age < 64 years) (OR = 0.59, p = 0.025). The rs861530 was significantly associated with a decreased EC risk (age ≥ 64 years) (OR = 0.67, p = 0.046). rs1050631 was associated with a decreased EC risk in males (OR = 0.71, p = 0.034). In the stratified analysis of clinical stage III/IV, the rs1800566 was associated with a decreased EC risk (OR = 0.49, p = 0.024). Finally, the rs1052133 was associated with an elevated EC risk in the stratified analysis of lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.73, p = 0.025).ConclusionsThe findings of the present study demonstrate that SLC39A6, IGF1, SEMA5B, XRCC3, NQO1 and OGG1 polymorphisms were associated with EC risk under multiple models.
Investigation of Aortic Wall Thickness, Stiffness and Flow Reversal in Patients With Cryptogenic Stroke: A 4D Flow MRI Study
Authors: Jarvis Kelly , Soulat Gilles , Scott Michael , Vali Alireza , Pathrose Ashitha , Syed Amer Ahmed , Kinno Menhel , Prabhakaran Shyam , Collins Jeremy D. , Markl Michael 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundStroke etiology is undetermined in approximately one‐sixth to one‐third of patients. The presence of aortic flow reversal and plaques in the descending aorta (DAo) has been identified as a potential retrograde embolic mechanism.PurposeTo assess the relationships between aortic stiffness, wall thickness, and flow reversal in patients with cryptogenic stroke and healthy controls.Study TypeProspective.PopulationTwenty one patients with cryptogenic stroke and proven DAo plaques (69 ± 9 years, 43% female), 18 age‐matched controls (age: 65 ± 8 years, 61% female), and 14 younger controls (36 ± 9 years, 57% female).Field Strength/Sequence1.5T; 4D flow MRI and 3D dark blood T1‐weighted turbo spin echo MRI of the aorta.AssessmentNoncontrast aortic 4D flow MRI to measure 3D flow dynamics and 3D dark blood aortic wall MRI to assess wall thickness. 4D flow MRI analysis included automated quantification of aortic stiffness by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and voxelwise mapping of the flow reversal fraction (FRF).Statistical TestsAnalysis of variance (ANOVA) or Kruskal–Wallis tests, Student's unpaired t‐tests or Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests, regression analysis.ResultsAortic PWV and FRF were statistically higher in patients (8.9 ± 1.7 m/s, 18.4 ± 7.7%) than younger controls (5.3 ± 0.8 m/s, P < 0.0167; 8.5 ± 2.9%, P < 0.0167), but not age‐matched controls (8.2 ± 1.6 m/s, P = 0.22; 15.6 ± 5.8%, P = 0.22). Maximum aortic wall thickness was higher in patients (3.1 ± 0.7 mm) than younger controls (2.2 ± 0.2 mm, P < 0.0167) and age‐matched controls (2.7 ± 0.5 mm) (P < 0.0167). For all subjects, positive relationships were found between PWV and age (R2 = 0.71, P < 0.05), aortic wall thickness (R2 = 0.20, P < 0.05), and FRF (R2 = 0.47, P < 0.05). Patients demonstrated relationships between PWV and FRF in the ascending aorta (R2 = 0.32, P < 0.05) and arch (R2 = 0.24, P < 0.05).Data ConclusionThis study showed the utility of 4D flow MRI for evaluating aortic PWV and voxelwise flow reversal. Positive relationships between aortic PWV, wall thickness, and flow reversal support the hypothesis that aortic stiffness is involved in this retrograde embolic mechanism.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage1
Role of Point‐of‐Care Lung and Inferior Vena Cava Ultrasound in Clinical Decisions for Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Symptoms of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Hacıalioğulları Fakiye , Yılmaz Fevzi , Yılmaz Aykut , Sönmez Bedriye Müge , Demir Tayfun Anıl , Karadaş Mehmet Akif , Duyan Murat , Ayaz Gizem , Özdemir Metin 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesThis prospective study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic role of point‐of‐care lung ultrasound (LUS) and inferior vena cava (IVC) ultrasound in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted between January 2018 and November 2018 on patients with a diagnosis of ADHF in the emergency department (ED). On admission, LUS findings, inspiratory and expiratory IVC diameters, and the inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI) were obtained. After therapeutic interventions, third‐hour changes in LUS and the IVC index and the treatment response were assessed.ResultsEighty patients were enrolled. Forty‐six (58%) patients had an ejection fraction (EF) greater than 40%, and 34 (42%) had an EF of less than 40%. Significant differences were detected between the admission and third‐hour inspiratory IVC diameter, expiratory IVC diameter, and IVCCI (P = .001). There was no correlation between the EF and inspiratory IVC diameter (r = −0.03; P = .976), expiratory IVC diameter (r = −109; P = .336), or IVCCI (r = −0.72; P = .523) and between the B‐type natriuretic peptide level and inspiratory IVC diameter (r = −0.58; P = .610), expiratory IVC diameter (r = −0.33; P = .774), or IVCCI (r = −0.78; P = .493) either. A comparison of admission and third‐hour numbers of B‐lines on LUS imaging showed a significant decrease in the number of B‐lines in all zones at the end of 3 hours (P = .001). A significant difference existed between the hospitalized and discharged patients with respect to IVC diameters and number of B‐lines.ConclusionsIn the ED setting, an assessment of B‐lines and measurement of IVC diameters are better markers than the B‐type natriuretic peptide level, EF, or chest x‐ray for diagnosis of ADHF and can be used to make decisions for hospitalization or discharge from the ED.
Maxwell Meets Marangoni—A Review of Theories on Laser‐Induced Periodic Surface Structures
Authors: Bonse Jörn , Gräf Stephan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSurface nanostructuring enables the manipulation of many essential surface properties. With the recent rapid advancements in laser technology, a contactless large‐area processing at rates of up to m2 s−1 becomes feasible that allows new industrial applications in medicine, optics, tribology, biology, etc. On the other hand, the last two decades enable extremely successful and intense research in the field of so‐called laser‐induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS, ripples). Different types of these structures featuring periods of hundreds of nanometers only—far beyond the optical diffraction limit—up to several micrometers are easily manufactured in a single‐step process and can be widely controlled by a proper choice of the laser processing conditions. From a theoretical point of view, however, a vivid and very controversial debate emerges, whether LIPSS originate from electromagnetic effects or are caused by matter reorganization. This article aims to close a gap in the available literature on LIPSS by reviewing the currently existent theories of LIPSS along with their numerical implementations and by providing a comparison and critical assessment of these approaches.
Passivation behaviors of 6082 aluminium alloy under stress corrosion process
Authors: Zhou Bin , Yang Li , Yang Shou‐bing , Zhang Chi , Li Yan‐zhou , Bai Di , Huang Gen‐zhe 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe systematically studied the passivation process of 6082 aluminium alloy under the bending stress situation by combining electrochemical measurement techniques with three‐point bending stress fixture designed by our lab, and then examined the microstructures of corroded specimens to analyze electrochemical corrosion mechanism in 1.5% NaCl solution. The results show that secondary Mg2Si phase acts as the anodic electrode, leading to the self‐corrosion of Mg2Si phase. As a result, the spots of self‐corroded Mg2Si phase within grains act as initial pitting corrosion site, combined with tiny, massive precipitated Mg2Si particles at the grain boundaries and bending stress, leading to the failure of surface of the 6082 aluminium alloy. The corrosion current density increases from 3.422 × 10−7 to 13.77 × 10−7 A/cm2 when bending stress level was increased from 0% up to 100% of yield stress. Passive film formation process occurred between polarization potential area of −1.05 and −0.65 V. Sectional microstructural investigations show that the corrosion starts penetrating vertically into the material before it develops corrosion paths extending parallel to the surface, leading to massive stress‐induced corrosion cracks. The maximum corrosion depth increases from ∼24 μm on specimen without any stress applied to 85 μm when bending stress of 100% yield strength is applied.
Investigation of steel corrosion in MX80 bentonite at 120°C
Authors: Lotz Hélène , Carrière Charly , Bataillon Christian , Gardes Emmanuel , Monnet Isabelle , Foy Eddy , Schlegel Michel L. , Dynes James J. , Neff Delphine , Mercier‐Bion Florence , Dillmann Philippe 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCorrosion experiments were performed on two metallic substrates, a ferritic–pearlitic steel (P285NH) and a ferritic one (Armco), in silicate environment during 30 days at 120°C. Corrosion products were characterized in terms of morphology (scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscopy), composition (energydispersive X‐ray spectroscopy) and structure (µ‐Raman, selected area electron diffraction, X‐ray absorption near edge structure). Results show a nanometric inner layer made of compact and adherent nanocrystallized magnetite with, locally a thickness up to several micrometers due to the metal microstructure. An outer layer of Fe‐rich phyllosilicate, smectite and serpentine, more porous than the inner one and poorly adherent is observed around both the samples.
Physical stress triggers in simulated emergency care situations
Authors: Abelsson Anna , Gustafsson Marcus , Petersèn Christina , Knutsson Susanne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo practise emergency care situations during the education can be stressful. The aim of this study is to identify factors that cause stress in simulated emergency care.DesignA descriptive observational study.MethodsVideo recordings (N = 26) subjected to observation with written field notes in turn subjected to interpretive qualitative content analysis.ResultsTo assess the patient's condition and decide what measures to take trigger stress reactions. If the students failed to connect the correct and relevant information in the conversation with the physician, the students showed signs of stress. Also, to calculate medication dosages stress the students.
A new approach by two‐dimensional wavelets operational matrix method for solving variable‐order fractional partial integro‐differential equations
Authors: Saha Ray Santanu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a new computational scheme based on operational matrices (OMs) of two‐dimensional wavelets is proposed for the solution of variable‐order (VO) fractional partial integro‐differential equations (PIDEs). To accomplish this method, first OMs of integration and VO fractional derivative (FD) have been derived using two‐dimensional Legendre wavelets. By implementing two‐dimensional wavelets approximations and the OMs of integration and variable‐order fractional derivative (VO‐FD) along with collocation points, the VO fractional partial PIDEs are reduced into the system of algebraic equations. In addition to this, some useful theorems are discussed to establish the convergence analysis and error estimate of the proposed numerical technique. Furthermore, computational efficiency and applicability are examined through some illustrative examples.
The application of quantitative petrography and macroscopic colour change in a comparative analysis of Roman and Anglo‐Saxon cremation practices
Authors: Carroll Emily L. , Squires Kirsty E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe microscopic examination of burned bone has allowed cremation research to infer a wealth of information concerning burning practices and pyre technology from archaeological contexts. Recently, a new approach for quantifying the microscopic heat‐induced alterations in burned bone to categorise burning intensity using petrography has been developed within histomorphological studies. The following study is the first application of quantitative petrography to examine cremated remains from two archaeological contexts, with the aim of comparing funerary practices from Roman Britain and Anglo‐Saxon England. Fifteen burials from the Roman cemetery of Folly Lane, Hertfordshire, and 16 burials from the Anglo‐Saxon cemetery of Elsham, North Lincolnshire, were studied, with individuals ranging in age and sex. Analysis revealed a mix of burning intensities, with the majority of the Roman samples2 from Folly Lane (n= 10, 66.7%) achieving temperatures over 1000°C. In contrast, the Anglo‐Saxon samples from Elsham showed greater diversity in burning intensity, with only six (37.5%) reaching temperatures in excess of 1000°C. The discussion suggests this differentiation is due to the use ofustores, or professional cremators at the Roman town of Verulamium, a custom that has been referenced amongst the Roman elite in literary sources. This assessment demonstrates how quantitative petrography combined with macroscopic colour change is an effective assessment of burning intensities from archaeological burned bone and should be applied on a larger scale, with a greater sample size across more sites.
A novel processing technique of carbon fiber/copper wire reinforced thermoplastic composites to improve EMI SE performance
Authors: Lin Jan‐Yi , Lin Mei‐Chen , Lin Ting An , Lin Yan‐Yu , Lin Jia‐Horng , Lou Ching‐Wen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study aims to combine carbon fibers and copper metallic wires using a rotary twister, and the employment of wire coating technique reinforces the mechanical properties of carbon fibers, creating more feasible applications. The proposed carbon (C)/copper (Cu)/polyester (PET)/polypropylene (PP)/acrylic (A) woven fabrics preserve the electrical conductivity of carbon fibers and metallic wires while maintaining the thin and soft features of woven fabrics. In addition to good electrical conductivity, wire coating technique provides the coated wires with greater mechanical properties, including tensile strength, elongation, bending torsion, creep resistance, and wear‐resistant property. The proposed manufacturing design contributes to an innovative production without interfering with the intrinsic properties of materials, which also broadens the application range of the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness products.