bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The top 100 most cited articles on total hip arthroplasty: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Wenchao , Tang Ning , Li Xiaopeng , George Daniel M. , He Guangxu , Huang Tianlong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundOver the past few decades, more and more articles about total hip arthroplasty have been published. We noticed, however, little is known about the characteristics and qualities of these studies.MethodsThe databases of Web of Science Core Collection, BIOSIS Citation Index, MEDLINE, etc. were utilized for the identification of articles published from 1990 to May 2019. Total hip arthroplasty–related articles were identified, and the 100 most cited articles were selected for subsequent analysis of citation count, citation density (citations/article age), authorship, theme, geographic distribution, time-related flux, level of evidence, and network analysis.ResultsThe selected 100 articles were published mainly in the 1990s (46%) and 2000s (47%) with almost equal amount. Citations per article ranged from 994 to 191. Leading countries were the USA followed by Canada, England, and Sweden, all located in North America and Western Europe. The most highlighted study themes were postoperative thrombosis and surgical methods and materials. The most common level of evidence was level III (35%). The network analysis connoted that radiography, acetabulum, reoperation, and bone cement had a high degree of centrality in the 1990s, while cement had a high degree of centrality in the 2000s and 2010s.ConclusionsThe time, area, and theme distribution of the top 100 most cited articles in the total hip arthroplasty have been thoroughly analyzed. It is noticeable that postoperative thromboembolism currently plays a major role in the field of total hip arthroplasty researches. However, most of them focus on the effectiveness of different treatments and drugs; little is known about its underlying mechanisms and influencing factors.
Emotional and behavioral problems, quality of life and metabolic control in NTBC-treated Tyrosinemia type 1 patients
Authors: van Vliet Kimber , van Ginkel Willem G. , Jahja Rianne , Daly Anne , MacDonald Anita , De Laet Corinne , Vara Roshni , Rahman Yusof , Cassiman David , Eyskens Francois , Timmer Corrie , Mumford Nicky , Bierau Jörgen , van Hasselt Peter M. , Gissen Paul , Goyens Philippe J. , McKiernan Patrick J. , Wilcox Gisela , Morris Andrew A. M. , Jameson Elisabeth A. , Huijbregts Stephan C. J. , van Spronsen Francjan J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Treatment with 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione (NTBC) and dietary phenylalanine and tyrosine restriction improves physical health and life expectancy in Tyrosinemia type 1 (TT1). However, neurocognitive outcome is suboptimal. This study aimed to investigate behavior problems and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in NTBC-dietary-treated TT1 and to relate this to phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations.

Results
Thirty-one TT1 patients (19 males; mean age 13.9 ± 5.3 years) were included in this study. Emotional and behavioral problems, as measured by the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, were present in almost all domains. Attention and thought problems were particularly evident. HR-QoL was assessed by the TNO AZL Children’s and Adults QoL questionnaires. Poorer HR-QoL as compared to reference populations was observed for the domains: independent daily functioning, cognitive functioning and school performance, social contacts, motor functioning, and vitality. Both internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were associated with low phenylalanine (and associated lower tyrosine) concentrations during the first year of life. In contrast, high tyrosine (and associated higher phenylalanine) concentrations during life and specifically the last year before testing were associated with more internalizing behavior and/or HR-QoL problems.

Conclusions
TT1 patients showed several behavior problems and a lower HR-QoL. Associations with metabolic control differed for different age periods. This suggests the need for continuous fine-tuning and monitoring of dietary treatment to keep phenylalanine and tyrosine concentrations within target ranges in NTBC-treated TT1 patients.
Super-antibiofilm effect of N2 plasma treated buffer (NPB) against plant pathogenic bacterium
Authors: Seo Hyemi , Hong Jisoo , Kim Taeyeol , Choi Won ll , Sung Daekyung , Moon Eunpyo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractControlling of biofilms formation in numerous pathogenic bacteria is one of the most difficult tasks in the control of bacterial diseases. Plasma has attracted extensive attention due to their potential applications for effective inhibiting of biofilm. Recently, plasma-activated water (PAW) has developed as an alternative method for bacterial inactivation and disinfection of foods owing to advantages of more convenient and efficient storage and transportation than direct plasma application. However, most previous studies about PAW have only focused on the improvement of its antibacterial effect instead of antibiofilm activity. Therefore, we report the development of N2 plasma treated buffer (NPB) and the super-antibiofilm effect of NPB against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) as a plant pathogenic bacterium. Scavenger assays using various antioxidants revealed that reactive oxygen species were involved in the inhibitory cellular actions of NPB, with H2O2 and singlet oxygen proving essential for bacterial death. Intensive analysis of NPB, stored at different periods and temperatures, showed that the antimicrobial efficacy was well maintained for 3 months at − 80 °C. Importantly, further studies showed that NPB effectively inhibited not only the growth of planktonic Pst DC3000 but also biofilm formation. The remarkable inhibition on the biofilm was analyzed and visualized using LIVE/DEAD viability assays and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) imaging. The 3D CLSM imaging data revealed that the bactericidal activity of NPB was permeable enough to affect the cells embedded inside the biofilm. This prominent permeability could be a crucial feature of NPB contributing to effective super-antibiofilm.
Fire acupuncture for mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis: a protocol for a randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Fu Yuan-Bo , Li Bin , Sun San-Feng , Liu Hui-Lin , Wang Xin , Wang Shao-Song , Zhang Fan , Du Xin , Ge Du-Juan , Shang Lei , Liang Rui-Li , Wang Li-Na , Yuan Fang , Sun Jing-Qing , Chen Jun-Wei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common bone and joint diseases. As one of the main non-drug therapies, acupuncture is widely used to treat KOA, although the evidence for its efficacy is inconclusive. The objective of this pilot trial is to clarify the clinical efficacy and safety of fire acupuncture in the treatment of mild to moderate KOA and to provide high-quality data for further research.

Methods/design
This study is a prospective randomized controlled pilot trial in which 120 patients with mild to moderate KOA will be randomly allocated in equal proportions to a fire acupuncture group or a general acupuncture group. They will receive acupuncture for six sessions over 2 weeks. The primary end point is success rate, which will be calculated based on the change from baseline of the pain and function scores in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index at 4 weeks. Secondary end points include the proportion of patients achieving clinical improvement based on: (1) the OMERACT-OARSI responder criteria, (2) levels of matrix metalloproteinase 3, interleukin 1β, and tumor necrosis factor α in blood, and (3) a subjective efficacy evaluation from patients.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800019162. Registered on 29 October 2018.
Protocol for a phase III wait-listed cluster randomised controlled trial of an intervention for mental well-being through enhancing mental health literacy and improving work friendliness in Hong Kong
Authors: Lam Lawrence T. , Wong Prudence , Lam Mary K. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Mental health has long been recognised as a major global health issue. Some work-related characteristics have been identified to be associated with common mental health problems, and thus the workplace is an important venue for the prevention of mental health problems and promoting mental wellness. Burnout is one of the important aspects of workplace organisational stressors and, in recent years, the lack of mental health literacy has also been identified as a fundamental issue. Studies have demonstrated that an improvement in mental health literacy is an effective measure for enhancing mental well-being. It would be prudent to combine an organisation-directed component and the enhancement of mental health literacy in an intervention programme. This trial will examine the novel approach of an intervention aiming to provide an evidence-based prevention programme.

Methods
This study utilised a wait-listed cluster randomised control trial design. Using branch offices as the primary sampling units, employees from three large companies in different industries will be recruited. Upon enrolment and after the baseline assessment of the outcome measures, participants nested in the branch offices will be allocated to the intervention or wait-listed arms. The intervention programme comprises of two main elements: an organisation-directed component and individual-directed psychoeducation training. This intervention will be delivered by a senior social worker well-versed in workplace issues over a period of 3 months. The trial will determine whether an integrated workplace mental health literacy and well-being programme is effective in increasing the mental health literacy scores and reducing burnout and stress scores, as measured by standardised and validated scales.

Discussion
If the trial results are in line with the hypothesis that supports the efficacy of the intervention programme, this will provide an evidence-based approach for an effective workplace mental well-being intervention programme that could not only enhance the understanding of mental health issues, but also reduce work-related burnout and stress as well as increase workers’ quality of life.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12619000464167. Registered prospectively on 20 March 2019.
Randomised controlled trial on vitreoretinal surgery with and without oral anticoagulants: surgical complications, visual results and perioperative thromboembolic events
Authors: Andonegui Jose , Capdevila Ferran , Zubicoa Alicia , Ibáñez Berta 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundVitreoretinal surgery in anticoagulated patients is a challenging situation for vitreoretinal surgeons, who have to choose between being faced with the systemic thromboembolic risks that the interruption of anticoagulation involves, or the intra- and postoperative haemorrhagic risks associated with maintenance of this therapy. So far, no trial has compared, in a prospective and randomized manner, perioperative complications and the visual results associated with continuation or interruption of oral anticoagulant therapy before pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) under retrobulbar anaesthesia. The main objective of this trial is to compare haemostasis-related perioperative complications of PPV in patients maintaining anticoagulant therapy before surgery compared to patients with an interruption in this therapy before surgery.MethodsNinety-six patients will be randomly assigned to either the control group, in whom oral anticoagulant therapy will be interrupted and substituted with subcutaneous heparin according to local clinical practice, or the intervention group in whom oral anticoagulant therapy will not be interrupted before surgery. Patients will be stratified according to the oral anticoagulant they were taking (direct or indirect anticoagulation). They will be followed up for 12 weeks, and the primary outcome, and haemorrhagic complications until 15 days after surgery, will be evaluated.DiscussionThis trial will provide novel information on the possibility of continuing anticoagulant therapy during PPV. The benefits expected from the change in the current surgical management paradigm for anticoagulated patients would be a decreased risk in the incidence of perioperative thromboembolic events and the possibility of performing surgery without delay and without the need for patients to change their usual anticoagulation protocol to the more complex and less safe substitutive therapy.Trial registrationClinical Trials Register EudraCT,2018–000753-45. Registered on 11 November 2018.
A double-masked placebo-controlled trial of azithromycin to prevent child mortality in Burkina Faso, West Africa: Community Health with Azithromycin Trial (CHAT) study protocol
Authors:   for the Étude CHAT Study Group, Sié Ali , Ouattara Mamadou , Bountogo Mamadou , Bagagnan Cheik , Coulibaly Boubacar , Boudo Valentin , Lebas Elodie , Brogdon Jessica M. , Lin Ying , Bärnighausen Till , Porco Travis C. , Doan Thuy , Lietman Thomas M. , Oldenburg Catherine E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Biannual, mass azithromycin distribution has previously been shown to reduce all-cause child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Subgroup analysis suggested that the strongest effects were in the youngest children, leading to the hypothesis that targeting younger age groups might be an effective strategy to prevent mortality. We present the methods of two randomized controlled trials designed to evaluate mass and targeted azithromycin distribution for the prevention of child mortality in Burkina Faso, West Africa.

Methods/design
The Child Health with Azithromycin Treatment (CHAT) study consists of two nested, randomized controlled trials. In the first, communities are randomized in a 1:1 fashion to biannual, mass azithromycin distribution or placebo. The primary outcome is under-5 all-cause mortality measured at the community level. In the second, children attending primary healthcare facilities during the first 5–12 weeks of life for a healthy child visit (e.g., for vaccination) are randomized in a 1:1 fashion to a single orally administered dose of azithromycin or placebo. The primary outcome is all-cause mortality measured at 6 months of age. The trial commenced enrollment in August 2019.

Discussion
This study is expected to provide evidence on two health systems delivery approaches (mass and targeted treatment) for azithromycin to prevent all-cause child mortality. The results will inform global and national policies related to azithromycin for the prevention of child mortality.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03676764. Registered on 19 September 2018; prospectively registered pre results.
Cryptic intermediate snail host of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica in Africa
Authors: Mahulu Anna , Clewing Catharina , Stelbrink Björn , Chibwana Fred D. , Tumwebaze Immaculate , Russell Stothard J. , Albrecht Christian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundSnails such asGalba truncatulaare hosts for trematode flukes causing fascioliasis, a zoonosis that is a major public health problem.Galba truncatulahas recently been shown to be a cryptic species complex. African populations ofGalbaspp. are not yet studied using molecular assessments and is imperative to do so and reconstruct the centre of origin ofGalbaand to understand when and by what means it may have colonized the highlands of Africa and to what extent humans might have been involved in that process.MethodsSamples from all known sub-ranges throughout Africa and new samples from Europe and Asia were obtained. We used a combination of two mitochondrial (cox1 and16S) and one nuclear (ITS2) markers and phylogenetic, divergence time estimates and phylogeographical methods to determine the identity and biogeographical affinities. We also reconstructed the colonization history including the likely mode of dispersal and tested for the presence of crypticGalbaspecies in Africa.ResultsGalba truncatulais restricted to the Palaearctic region of the continent, namely Morocco. All sub-Saharan populations proved to be a distinct species according to the phylogenetic analyses and genetic distance. We propose to use the existing nameGalba mweruensis(Connolly, 1929) for this species which is morphologically indistinguishable from the other two species hitherto known to occur in northern Africa, i.e.G. truncatulaandG. schirazensis. Sub-tropical Africa has been colonized only once in either the Pliocene and possibly Miocene. Diversification withinG. mweruensisis dated to the Plio-Pleistocene and thus human-mediated dispersal can be ruled out for the initial colonization of the isolated mountain ranges. There are potentially even more cryptic species in high altitude areas of Africa as outlined by the distinctness of the population found at the top of Mt. Elgon, Uganda.ConclusionsFrom a novel genetic inspection of available African material, a hitherto neglected distinct species,G. mweruensis, now appears a major host ofF. hepaticathroughout sub-Saharan Africa. A closer examination of trematode parasites hosted by this species is needed in order to understand transmission patterns in highlands throughout eastern and southern Africa. We encourage future studies to inspect other high altitudes areas in Africa in light of parasites of either veterinary or medical importance.
Prioritization of genes driving congenital phenotypes of patients with de novo genomic structural variants
Authors: Middelkamp Sjors , Vlaar Judith M. , Giltay Jacques , Korzelius Jerome , Besselink Nicolle , Boymans Sander , Janssen Roel , de la Fonteijne Lisanne , van Binsbergen Ellen , van Roosmalen Markus J. , Hochstenbach Ron , Giachino Daniela , Talkowski Michael E. , Kloosterman Wigard P. , Cuppen Edwin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundGenomic structural variants (SVs) can affect many genes and regulatory elements. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms driving the phenotypes of patients carrying de novo SVs are frequently unknown.MethodsWe applied a combination of systematic experimental and bioinformatic methods to improve the molecular diagnosis of 39 patients with multiple congenital abnormalities and/or intellectual disability harboring apparent de novo SVs, most with an inconclusive diagnosis after regular genetic testing.ResultsIn 7 of these cases (18%), whole-genome sequencing analysis revealed disease-relevant complexities of the SVs missed in routine microarray-based analyses. We developed a computational tool to predict the effects on genes directly affected by SVs and on genes indirectly affected likely due to the changes in chromatin organization and impact on regulatory mechanisms. By combining these functional predictions with extensive phenotype information, candidate driver genes were identified in 16/39 (41%) patients. In 8 cases, evidence was found for the involvement of multiple candidate drivers contributing to different parts of the phenotypes. Subsequently, we applied this computational method to two cohorts containing a total of 379 patients with previously detected and classified de novo SVs and identified candidate driver genes in 189 cases (50%), including 40 cases whose SVs were previously not classified as pathogenic. Pathogenic position effects were predicted in 28% of all studied cases with balanced SVs and in 11% of the cases with copy number variants.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate an integrated computational and experimental approach to predict driver genes based on analyses of WGS data with phenotype association and chromatin organization datasets. These analyses nominate new pathogenic loci and have strong potential to improve the molecular diagnosis of patients with de novo SVs.
Diagnostic performance of serum cystatin C and complement component 1q in lupus nephritis
Authors: Xu Bei , Zhang Ya-mei , Yang Yu-wei , Liu Yun-shuang , Feng Jia-fu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The information concerning non-invasive, easily obtainable, and accurate biomarkers for diagnosis of lupus nephritis (LN) is extremely limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of cystatin C (CysC) and complement component 1q (C1q) for LN.

Methods
A case-control study that included 905 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) without LN (group SLE), 334 patients with active lupus nephritis (group LNA), 255 patients with inactive lupus nephritis (group LNI), and 497 healthy individuals (group HC) was performed in Mianyang Central Hospital from March 2017 to December 2018. The serum levels of CysC, C1q, urea (Urea), and creatinine (Creat) were measured, and 2 estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRCysC and eGFRCreat) were calculated by equations which were based on serum CysC established by our group and the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD), respectively. ANOVA analysis or Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparing the differences among the groups, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to identify the diagnostic efficiencies of individual or combined multiple indicators.

Results
Significantly elevated CysC and decreased C1q were observed in the LNA and LNI groups, which was in contrast to their levels in the SLE and HC groups. CysC (AUC = 0.906) or eGFRCysC (AUC = 0.907) assessed the highest diagnostic performance on LNA when detected individually, followed by C1q (AUC = 0.753). Joint utilization of C1q and CysC achieved very good performance (AUC = 0.933) which approximated to the best one observed in the combinations of C1q, Urea, CysC, eGFRCreat, and Creat (AUC = 0.975).

Conclusion
The separately detected CysC (eGFRCysC) and C1q were superior to the conventional biomarkers Urea, Creat, and eGFRCreat in the diagnosis of LNA. Moreover, although the combined detection of Urea, Creat, C1q, CysC, and eGFRCreat had the greatest diagnostic performance, the joint utilization of CysC and C1q could be prioritized for rapid discrimination of LNA if the economic burden is taken into consideration.