bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The phylogenetic position of Arhaphe deviatica within Hemipteran insects: A potential model species for eco‐devo studies of symbiosis
Authors: Abdel‐Gaber Rewaida , Alajmi Reem , Haddadi Rania , El‐Ashram Saeed 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInsecta is known to be the most diverse group of species, exhibiting numerous forms of endosymbiotic associations. Molecular techniques have provided significant indicators for insect–microbe interactions. The present study aimed to register one of the true bugs of pentatomomorpha and clarify its taxonomic position through phylogenetic analysis of the partial 16S rRNA gene region. A maximum likelihood analysis retrieved a generally well‐supported phylogeny based on Tamura 3‐parameter model. Based on the partial mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene sequences, a phylogenetic study of suborder Heteroptera relationships within Hemipteras' order was constructed. Sequences of 221 bases of the 3ʹ end of the gene from 28 species within 16 families were analyzed. This analysis and bootstrap confidence revealed two major clades comprising four suborders within Hemiptera, with a close relationship between Heteroptera + (Sternorrhyncha + (Auchenorrhycha + Coleorrhyncha)). Infraorder Pentatomomorpha is forming a sister group with a substantial bootstrap value to Cimicomorpha. Pyrrhocoroidea forms a sister relationship with Lygaeoidea + Coreoidea. There is a close relationship between Largidae and Pyrrhocoridae within Pyrrhocoroidea. The results show that the present species is firmly embedded in the genus Arhaphe with 94.35% sequence resemblance to its congeners. Besides, the recovered hemipteran species considered a potential model group for studying different symbionts. We propose both phylogenetic and ecological evolutionary developmental biology viewpoints for a more synthetic understanding of insect populations' molecular evolution.
Analysis of the chemical composition changes of Gardeniae Fructus before and after processing based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Wenjing , Ren Chenchen , Fei Chenghao , Wang Yulin , Xue Qianqian , Li Lin , Yin Fangzhou , Li Weidong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGardeniae Fructus, the dry fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, has been widely used for the treatment of different diseases. Although four types of processed Gardeniae Fructus products, characterized by differing effects, are available for clinical use, little is known regarding the respective processing mechanisms. In this study, ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to characterize the chemical profiles of the differently processed Gardeniae Fructus products and to determine differences in their chemical compositions, thereby enabling us to identify those active compounds associated with the observed clinical effects. A total of 125 compounds were accordingly identified, among which, 56 were established as primary contributors to the significant differences (P < 0.01) between crude and processed Gardeniae Fructus, based on t‐test analysis. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms underlying the chemical transformations that occurred during processing were discussed. The findings of this study may not only contribute to the more effective quality control of Gardeniae Fructus but also provide basic information for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the changes in chemical constituents in response to processing, and provide a basis for further investigations of Gardeniae Fructus processing mechanisms.
Evaluating the Performance of Methods Used to Estimate Growth Parameters from Subsampled Age Data
Authors: Lusk Sean C. , Middaugh Christopher R. , Ogle Derek H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Due to time and resource limitations, the growth of many fish species is evaluated with age and length data in a length-stratified subsample of a sample from a population. Some fisheries professionals draw inferences about growth using age and length data from only those fish that were actually aged (aged-only method). Alternatively, growth may be evaluated by employing a method of incorporating the length-stratified aged subsample with information from the entire sample of fish collected, such as the weighted-mean and assigned-age methods, which are commonly used in inland fisheries management. More recently, two prominent alternatives to those methods have emerged: the reweighting and empirical proportion methods. In this study, we used observed data from three freshwater fish species with different life history traits (short- to long-lived) to inform a simulation model comparing estimated von Bertalanffy growth model parameters and predicted mean lengths at age calculated using the five aforementioned methods across a range of sample sizes per length-group and a range of CVs. As expected, our results demonstrated that the aged-only method is unreliable and biased when estimating von Bertalanffy parameters and mean lengths at age. The weighted-mean method performed better than the aged-only method but was not among the top-performing methods. The assigned-age, reweighting, and empirical proportion methods all performed well and produced similar estimates, although the empirical proportion method generally resulted in slightly more precise and less biased estimates. We recommend that fisheries professionals discontinue their use of the aged-only and weighted-mean methods and instead use the assigned-age, reweighting, or empirical proportion method.
An improved correlation for reliable assessment of the detonation performance of non‐ideal explosives containing metals and the other solid particulates
Authors: Jafari Mohammad , Hossein Keshavarz Mohammad , Reza Motamedi Mohammad , Hesamodin Hosseini Seyyed 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExplosives containing metals and the other solid particulates have wide applications in air‐blast and underwater explosives. Due to the non‐ideal behavior of these explosives, available complex computer codes and empirical methods cannot usually provide a reliable estimation of their detonation velocity. Large experimental data of detonation velocity (392 experimental data) corresponding various types of ideal and non‐ideal explosives were collected from different sources to derive a general correlation. The new model assumes partial secondary reactions of metal and active particulates with gaseous products. Optimum values of different products are obtained by maximizing the coefficient of determination (R2) of the correlation and minimizing the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the calculated results from experimental values of detonation velocities. The MAPE values of the new model and one of the best available methods are 3.55 and 11.16 respectively, for 90 non‐ideal explosives, which confirm much high reliability of the new method.
First Approaches to Automatically Diagnose and Reconfigure Hybrid Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Diedrich Alexander , Balzereit Kaja , Niggemann Oliver 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMaintaining modern production machinery requires a significant amount of time and money. Still, plants suffer from expensive production stops and downtime due to faults within individual components. Often, plants are too complex and generate too much data to make manual analysis and diagnosis feasible. Instead, faults often occur unnoticed, resulting in a production stop. It is then the task of highly-skilled engineers to recognise and analyse symptoms and devise a diagnosis. Modern algorithms are more effective and help to detect and isolate faults faster and more precise, thus leading to increased plant availability and lower operating costs.In this paper we attempt to solve some of the described challenges. We describe a concept for an automated framework for hybrid cyberphysical production systems performing two distinct tasks: 1) fault diagnosis and 2) reconfiguration. For diagnosis, the inputs are connection and behaviour models of the components contained within the system and a model describing their causal dependencies. From this information the framework is able to automatically derive a diagnosis provided a set of known symptoms. Taking the output of the diagnosis as a foundation, the reconfiguration part generates a new configuration, which, if applicable, automatically recovers the plant from its faulty state and resumes production. The described concept is based on predicate logic, specifically Satisfiability-Modulo-Theory. The input models are transformed into logical predicates. These predicates are the input to an implementation of Reiter’s diagnosis algorithm, which identifies the minimum-cardinality diagnosis. Taking this diagnosis, a reconfiguration algorithm determines a possible, alternative control, if existing. Therefore the current system structure described by the connection and component models is analysed and alternative production plans are searched. If such an alternative plan exists, it is transmitted to the control of the system. Otherwise, an error that the system is not reconfigurable is returned.
Improvement of the prediction quality of electrical load profiles with artificial neural networks
Authors: Bauer Fabian , Hagner Jessica , Bretschneider Peter , Klaiber Stefan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of the economically and ecologically optimal management of electrical energy systems, accurate predictions of consumption load profiles play an important role. On this basis, it is possible to plan and implement the use of controllable energy generation and storage systems as well as energy procurement with the required lead-time, taking into account the technical and contractual boundary conditions.The recorded electrical load profiles will increase considerably in the course of the digitization of the energy industry. In order to make the most accurate predictions possible, it is necessary to develop and investigate models that take account of the growing quantity structure and, due to the significantly higher number of observations, improve the forecasting quality as far as possible.Artificial neural networks (ANN) are increasingly being used to solve non-linear problems for a growing amount of data that is affected by human and other unpredictable influences. Consequently, the model approach of an ANN is chosen for predicting load profiles. Aim of the thesis is the simulative investigation and the evaluation of the quality and optimality of a prediction model based on an ANN for electrical load profiles.
Deep Learning in Resource and Data Constrained Edge Computing Systems
Authors: Sharma Pranav , Rüb Marcus , Gaida Daniel , Lutz Heiko , Sikora Axel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo demonstrate how deep learning can be applied to industrial applications with limited training data, deep learning methodologies are used in three different applications. In this paper, we perform unsupervised deep learning utilizing variational autoencoders and demonstrate that federated learning is a communication efficient concept for machine learning that protects data privacy. As an example, variational autoencoders are utilized to cluster and visualize data from a microelectromechanical systems foundry. Federated learning is used in a predictive maintenance scenario using the C-MAPSS dataset.
Lower Semi-frames, Frames, and Metric Operators
Authors: Antoine J.-P. , Corso R. , Trapani C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with the possibility of transforming a weakly measurable function in a Hilbert space into a continuous frame by a metric operator, i.e., a strictly positive self-adjoint operator. A necessary condition is that the domain of the analysis operator associated with the function be dense. The study is done also with the help of the generalized frame operator associated with a weakly measurable function, which has better properties than the usual frame operator. A special attention is given to lower semi-frames: indeed, if the domain of the analysis operator is dense, then a lower semi-frame can be transformed into a Parseval frame with a (special) metric operator.
The Tschantz and the alvin higher conditions are equivalent in congruence distributive varieties
Authors: Lipparini Paolo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe show that, under the assumption of congruence distributivity, a condition by S. Tschantz characterizing congruence modularity is equivalent to a variant of the classical Jónsson condition. Here equivalence is intended in a strong sense, to the effect that the corresponding sequences of terms have exactly the same length.
Dynamical C*-algebras and Kinetic Perturbations
Authors: Buchholz Detlev , Fredenhagen Klaus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe framework of dynamical C*-algebras for scalar fields in Minkowski space, based on local scattering operators, is extended to theories with locally perturbed kinetic terms. These terms encode information about the underlying spacetime metric, so the causality relations between the scattering operators have to be adjusted accordingly. It is shown that the extended algebra describes scalar quantum fields, propagating in locally deformed Minkowski spaces. Concrete representations of the abstract scattering operators, inducing this motion, are known to exist on Fock space. The proof that these representers also satisfy the generalized causality relations requires, however, novel arguments of a cohomological nature. They imply that Fock space representations of the extended dynamical C*-algebra exist, involving linear as well as kinetic and pointlike quadratic perturbations of the field.
Non-autonomous Second Order Differential Inclusions with a Stabilizing Effect
Authors: Cardinali Tiziana , De Angelis Eleonora 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper we prove the existence of mild solutions for a problem governed by a semilinear non-autonomous second order differential inclusion where a stabilization of the solution is expected due to the control of the reaction term. In order to obtain our existence theorem, first we study a more general problem with a differential inclusion which involves a perturbation guided by an operator $$N :I \rightarrow C(C(I;X);X)$$

N
:
I
→
C
(
C
(
I
;
X
)
;
X
)

, where X is a Banach space. Finally we show an illustrative example of application of our results to a problem involving a wave equation.
Coxeter groups and meridional rank of links
Authors: Baader Sebastian , Blair Ryan , Kjuchukova Alexandra 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe prove the meridional rank conjecture for twisted links and arborescent links associated to bipartite trees with even weights. These links are substantial generalizations of pretzels and two-bridge links, respectively. Lower bounds on meridional rank are obtained via Coxeter quotients of the groups of link complements. Matching upper bounds on bridge number are found using the Wirtinger numbers of link diagrams, a combinatorial tool developed by the authors.
A quantum cluster algebra approach to representations of simply laced quantum affine algebras
Authors: Bittmann Léa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe establish a quantum cluster algebra structure on the quantum Grothendieck ring of a certain monoidal subcategory of the category of finite-dimensional representations of a simply-laced quantum affine algebra. Moreover, the (q, t)-characters of certain irreducible representations, among which fundamental representations, are obtained as quantum cluster variables. This approach gives a new algorithm to compute these (q, t)-characters. As an application, we prove that the quantum Grothendieck ring of a larger category of representations of the Borel subalgebra of the quantum affine algebra, defined in a previous work as a quantum cluster algebra, contains indeed the well-known quantum Grothendieck ring of the category of finite-dimensional representations. Finally, we display our algorithm on a concrete example.
Lipid–protein forces predict conformational changes in a mechanosensitive channel
Authors: Daday Csaba , de Groot Bert L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe mechanosensitive TREK-2 potassium channel, a member of the K2P family, has essential physiological roles and is, therefore, a pharmaceutical target. A combination of experimental and computational studies have established that of the two known conformations, “up” and “down”, membrane tension directly favors the “up” state, which displays a higher conductance. However, these studies did not reveal the exact mechanism by which the membrane affects the channel conformation. In this work, we show that changes in protein–lipid interaction patterns suffice in predicting this conformational change, and pinpoint potentially important residues involved in this phenomenon.
Opening the black box of non-pharmacological care in systemic sclerosis: a cross-sectional online survey of Dutch health professionals
Authors:   The ARCH study group, Stöcker Juliane K. , Vonk Madelon C. , van den Hoogen Frank H. J. , Nijhuis-van der Sanden Maria W. G. , Spierings Julia , Staal J. Bart , Satink Ton , van den Ende Cornelia H. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe objective is to describe the spectrum of the health professional (HP) treatment approach for systemic sclerosis (SSc) from the perspective of Dutch HPs, including alignment of treatment goals set by HPs with self-reported referral reasons, coverage of patient-reported unmet care needs, and quality of communication between HPs and rheumatologists. Dutch HPs were invited through their patients with SSc to complete an anonymous online survey. The survey covered referral reasons, treatment goals, and interventions of the last patient treated, as well as the perceived quality of communication between HPs and rheumatologists. Referral reasons and treatment targets were linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health following the refined ICF Linking Rules. Seventy-nine HPs from 8 professions (including 58 physiotherapists, 73%) completed the survey. One hundred and thirty-three different referral reasons were reported, yielding 58 different ICF codes, with 41 (70.7%) being linked to the ICF domain “body structures and functions.” The reported interventions focused on body functions/structures (27.9%), training of daily activities (25.6%), education and advice (26.3%), and psychosocial interventions (20.2%). The quality of communication between HPs and rheumatologists was perceived as low. Our findings revealed numerous treatment options offered by Dutch HPs addressing the unmet care needs of patients with SSc. There is an overlap in the content of the various HP disciplines, and HP treatment goals are not sufficiently aligned with referrals of rheumatologists. HP treatment offer seemed inefficiently organized, possibly precluding rheumatologists from making targeted referrals. Communication between rheumatologists and HPs should be improved.
Chest CT–derived pulmonary artery enlargement at the admission predicts overall survival in COVID-19 patients: insight from 1461 consecutive patients in Italy
Authors: Esposito Antonio , Palmisano Anna , Toselli Marco , Vignale Davide , Cereda Alberto , Rancoita Paola Maria Vittoria , Leone Riccardo , Nicoletti Valeria , Gnasso Chiara , Monello Alberto , Biagi Andrea , Turchio Piergiorgio , Landoni Giovanni , Gallone Guglielmo , Monti Giacomo , Casella Gianni , Iannopollo Gianmarco , Nannini Tommaso , Patelli Gianluigi , Di Mare Luisa , Loffi Marco , Sergio Pietro , Ippolito Davide , Sironi Sandro , Pontone Gianluca , Andreini Daniele , Mancini Elisabetta Maria , Di Serio Clelia , De Cobelli Francesco , Ciceri Fabio , Zangrillo Alberto , Colombo Antonio , Tacchetti Carlo , Giannini Francesco 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Enlarged main pulmonary artery diameter (MPAD) resulted to be associated with pulmonary hypertension and mortality in a non-COVID-19 setting. The aim was to investigate and validate the association between MPAD enlargement and overall survival in COVID-19 patients.

Methods
This is a cohort study on 1469 consecutive COVID-19 patients submitted to chest CT within 72 h from admission in seven tertiary level hospitals in Northern Italy, between March 1 and April 20, 2020. Derivation cohort (n = 761) included patients from the first three participating hospitals; validation cohort (n = 633) included patients from the remaining hospitals. CT images were centrally analyzed in a core-lab blinded to clinical data. The prognostic value of MPAD on overall survival was evaluated at adjusted and multivariable Cox’s regression analysis on the derivation cohort. The final multivariable model was tested on the validation cohort.

Results
In the derivation cohort, the median age was 69 (IQR, 58–77) years and 537 (70.6%) were males. In the validation cohort, the median age was 69 (IQR, 59–77) years with 421 (66.5%) males. Enlarged MPAD (≥ 31 mm) was a predictor of mortality at adjusted (hazard ratio, HR [95%CI]: 1.741 [1.253–2.418], p < 0.001) and multivariable regression analysis (HR [95%CI]: 1.592 [1.154–2.196], p = 0.005), together with male gender, old age, high creatinine, low well-aerated lung volume, and high pneumonia extension (c-index [95%CI] = 0.826 [0.796–0.851]). Model discrimination was confirmed on the validation cohort (c-index [95%CI] = 0.789 [0.758–0.823]), also using CT measurements from a second reader (c-index [95%CI] = 0.790 [0.753;0.825]).

Conclusion
Enlarged MPAD (≥ 31 mm) at admitting chest CT is an independent predictor of mortality in COVID-19.

Key Points
•Enlargement of main pulmonary artery diameter at chest CT performed within 72 h from the admission was associated with a higher rate of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.
•Enlargement of main pulmonary artery diameter (≥ 31 mm) was an independent predictor of death in COVID-19 patients at adjusted and multivariable regression analysis.
•The combined evaluation of clinical findings, lung CT features, and main pulmonary artery diameter may be useful for risk stratification in COVID-19 patients.
An in-flight investigation of a turbulent boundary layer at Reynolds numbers up to $$\hbox {Re}_{\theta }=49,400$$
Authors: Dunker Christina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The ongoing attempts to gain access to the realm of high Reynolds number turbulence have resulted in the dedicated development of major experimental facilities and novel diagnostic methodologies as well as in the probing of atmospheric surface flows. In contrast to this, the presented study discusses the feasibility of an in-flight laboratory for Reynolds number investigations up to $$\rm {Re}_{\theta }\,\le \,49,400$$

Re
θ

≤

49
,
400

. The underpinning velocity data were obtained in flight tests by two moveable differential pressure probes and a stereo Particle Image Velocity (sPIV) system. The region of interest was located far downstream of the aircraft’s nose within the fuselage boundary layer. The pressure probes scanned the full boundary layer while the sPIV system remained fixed at certain wall-normal locations. The velocity data acquired exhibits distinct characteristics within the defect layer that deviate from Coles’ classical description of the wake. Furthermore, the streamwise turbulence intensities show a pronounced ‘outer peak’ further away from the wall at $$y^{+}=2000-5000$$

y
+

=
2000
-
5000

. The measurements were conducted under authentic flight conditions with an increased level of free-stream turbulence. These boundary conditions enabled an analysis of turbulent flows that are of relevance for various aeronautical applications. The manuscript elaborates on the main findings of this experimental study by presenting the velocity profiles captured by the moveable pressure probe system and samples of sPIV data. The capabilities and limitations of a flying laboratory for the investigation of high Reynolds number turbulence are discussed in detail.

Graphic Abstract