bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicoradiological course in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients who are asymptomatic at admission
Authors: Parry Arshed Hussain , Wani Abdul Haseeb , Yaseen Mudasira , Shah Naveed Nazir , Dar Khurshid Ahmad 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The study aimed to describe the clinical and imaging course of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients who are asymptomatic at admission. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavisrus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive cases that were asymptomatic at admission were retrospectively enrolled. Specific clinical information, laboratory test results, chest CT imaging features and outcome data during hospital stay were collected and analyzed. Results: 137 non-consecutive asymptomatic patients with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in the present study. On admission, patients had no symptoms but chest CT findings were present in 61/137 (44.5%). Ground glass opacity (48, 78.7%) followed by ground glass opacity with crazy-paving pattern (9, 14.7%) were the commonest type of opacities with posterior, peripheral predominance and lower zone predilection. Among the initial CT positive group of 61 patients, follow-up imaging revealed progression of pulmonary opacities in 13/61 (21.4%), complete resorption in 21/61 (34.4%), partial resolution in 22/61 (36%) and no change in 5/61 (8.2%). The patients in progression group (54 ± 19.7 years) were older and had higher frequency of co-morbidities (46.2%) compared to the other three groups (10.4%). The patients in progression group had a significantly higher C-reactive protein, higher lactate dehydrogenase and lower lymphocyte count than the other groups (all p-values < 0.05). The duration of hospital stay was longer in the progression group (27.1 ± 11.4 days) compared to the other three groups (16.12 ± 5.8) (p =< 0.05). Conclusion: Nearly half of the asymptomatic cases with confirmed COVID-19 had abnormal chest CT imaging. Asymptomatic infections can have a variable clinicoradiological course. Clinically, some recover without developing symptoms, some present few mild symptoms whereas some deteriorate. Similarly, imaging follow-up may reveal resolution (partial or complete), progression or no change. Advances in knowledge: Clinicoradiological course of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases is diverse.
What increase in modern contraceptive use is needed in FP2020 countries to reach 75% demand satisfied by 2030? An assessment using the Accelerated Transition Method and Family Planning Estimation Model
Authors: Cahill Niamh , Weinberger Michelle , Alkema Leontine 
Published: July 2020

Background: Sustainable Development Goal 3.7 aims to ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health services. One suggested benchmark is to have at least 75% of the demand for contraception satisfied with modern methods (DS) in all countries by 2030. The translation of DS-based targets into targets for the modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) is needed to make targets actionable. Methods: We propose the Accelerated Transition (AT) method for determining the mCPR needed to reach demand-satisfied targets by 2030. The starting point for this method is the projection of DS under “business as usual” using the one-country implementation of the Family Planning Estimation Model (FPEMcountry). For countries in which the DS target is projected to be later than 2030, the AT method assumes that meeting the DS target by 2030 requires an acceleration of the contraceptive use transition such that the DS target, and its associated mCPR, will be reached in 2030 as opposed to the later year. The DS-target-associated mCPR becomes the mCPR target for the year 2030. Results: We apply the AT method to assess progress needed for attaining the 75% DS target for married or in-union women in the world’s poorest countries. For 50 out of 68 countries, we estimate that accelerations are needed, with required mCPR increases ranging from 4.3 to 50.8 percentage points. Conclusions: The AT method quantifies the acceleration needed – as compared to business as usual projections – for a country to meet a family planning target. The method can be used to determine the mCPR needed to reach demand-satisfied targets.
Watt-level diode-pumped thulium lasers around 2.3  µm
Authors: Kifle Esrom , Loiko Pavel , Guillemot Lauren , Doualan Jean-Louis , Starecki Florent , Braud Alain , Georges Thierry , Rouvillain Julien , Camy Patrice 
Published: July 2020

We report on efficient diode-pumped mid-infrared lasers based on

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Orphan Black: Performance, Gender, Biopolitics, Andrea Goulet and Robert A. Rushing (eds) (2018)
Authors: Belton Olivia 
Published: July 2020

Review of: Orphan Black: Performance, Gender, Biopolitics, Andrea Goulet and Robert A. Rushing (eds) (2018)
Bristol: Intellect, 227 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78320-922-4, p/bk, £22
Cancer-Associated Mutations in Normal Colorectal Mucosa Adjacent to Sporadic Neoplasia
Authors: Zhan Tianzuo , Belle Sebastian , Valentini Erica , Herrmann Simon , Miersch Thilo , Li Moying , Gaiser Timo , Boutros Michael , Ebert Matthias P. , Betge Johannes 
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Colorectal cancer arises in a multistep process of carcinogenesis from normal mucosa. The earliest precursor might be a morphologically inconspicuous precancerous field, harboring cancer-associated mutations.

METHODS:
We systematically analyzed genetic alterations in 77 tissue samples from 30 patients with sporadic colorectal neoplasms (18 large adenomas and 12 adenocarcinomas) and matched adjacent normal mucosa (N = 30), as well as normal rectal tissue (N = 17). We profiled mutations associated with colorectal cancer by targeted sequencing of 46 genetic loci using 157 custom amplicons and a median depth of 42,655 reads per loci.

RESULTS:
Multiple mutations were found in colorectal neoplasms, most frequently in APC, KRAS, and TP53. In a subgroup of 11 of 30 patients, alterations were also detected in non-neoplastic mucosa. These mutations were divergent from those in matched neoplasms. The total alteration count and the allele frequency of mutations were higher in neoplasms compared with those in adjacent tissues. We found that younger patients (≤70 years) are less likely affected by mutations in non-neoplastic mucosa than older patients (>70 years, P = 0.013), although no association was found for other variables, including type, location and differentiation of neoplasia, and previous history of polyps.

DISCUSSION:
Our data show that cancer-associated mutations can be found in non-neoplastic tissues in a subgroup of patients with colorectal neoplasms. Further studies are needed to specify the risk of occurrence and recurrence of neoplasia in this patient population.
The Influence of Biological Maturity and Competitive Level on Isometric Force-Time Curve Variables and Vaulting Performance in Young Female Gymnasts
Authors: Moeskops Sylvia , Oliver Jon L. , Read Paul J. , Cronin John B. , Myer Gregory D. , Haff G. Gregory , Lloyd Rhodri S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Moeskops, S, Oliver, JL, Read, PJ, Cronin, JB, Myer, GD, Haff, GG, and Lloyd, RS. The influence of biological maturity and competitive level on isometric force-time curve variables and vaulting performance in young female gymnasts. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2136–2145, 2020—This cross-sectional study investigated isometric force-time curve variables and vaulting performance in young female gymnasts of varying maturity and competitive levels. One hundred twenty gymnasts aged 5–14 years were subdivided into maturity groupings and also according to their competitive level. Subjects performed isometric midthigh pulls (IMTP) before completing straight jump vaults that were recorded using two-dimensional video. All significance values were accepted at p < 0.05. Absolute peak force (PF abs) and force at various time epochs were significantly greater in more mature gymnasts, although no significant differences were observed in relative peak force (PF rel). When grouped by competitive level, elite gymnasts produced a significantly greater absolute rate of force development (RFD abs) at 0–150, 0–200, and 0–250 ms as well as relative RFD (RFD rel) at 0–200 and 0–250 ms than recreational gymnasts. Based upon regression analyses, force at 50 ms during the IMTP test explained 15% of vertical takeoff velocity during vaulting. Biological maturation seems to impact isometric force-time curve characteristics in young female gymnasts, and higher-level gymnasts produce greater RFD than those competing at a lower level. Vaulting vertical takeoff velocity seems to be largely independent of isometric force-time characteristics with only a small amount of variance explained by force at 50 ms.
The Organization of Trade in Nemunas from the Riverhead ports of the Radziwiłł and Sapieha families in the 1760s and 1770s
Authors: Sakalauskas Darius , Poška Aivaras 
Published: July 2020

This study concerns the transportation of goods and raw materials through the Nemunas River to the Baltic Sea ports in the second half of the 18th century. The main goal of this paper is to analyse how two different methods of goods transportation (shipment of goods by river vessels and by timber rafts) were organized and to determine how their economic models functioned in practice. This research relies on the data of Income-Expenditure registers of timber rafting from Radziwiłł (Świerżeń Nowy) and goods transportation from Sapieha family (Ruzhany and Derechin) estates in current-day Belarus. The analysis showed that the Sapieha family’s highest share of revenue derived mostly from the exportation of grown raw materials, mostly rye. Salt, wine, beer, various types of metal alloys, etc. were bought in exchange. Part of the revenue was used to cover debts, thus the generated income of the voyage did not reach the treasury of the Sapieha family. The analysis of timber-rafting income-expenditure showed that the timber was drifted to the town of Rusnė, near the Nemunas river delta, or to the city of Königsberg. The sources failed to show the full extent of timber trade generated revenue due to the specifics of its trade, however, the analysis showed that the biggest part of expenditures (about 90–95 percent) went on the hiring of employees and on timber preparation and it’s transportation to the river ports. This article also uncovers the different aspects of how these different kinds of trade voyages were organized and how the river trade-related infrastructure operated that supplements our understanding of the Nemunas river role in the economy of Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the second half of 18th century.
Analisis Peran Modal Sosial Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Bum Desa) terhadap Pengentasan Kemiskinan
Authors: Kafabih Abdullah 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran modal sosial Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUM Desa). Serta untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peran modal sosial BUM Desa dalam menanggulangi kemiskinan. Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan dan manajemen BUMDes dilandasi Undang-Undang No. 6 Tahun 2014, yakni melayani kebutuhan ekonomi dan/atau pelayanan umum masyarakat. Salah faktor yang menyebabkan ketimpangan dan kemiskinan di desa yakni terjadinya eksploitasi berlebihan (massive backwash effect) dari desa ke kota, yang berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah kemiskinan. BUM Desa dibangun atas prakarsa (inisiasi masyarakat), serta berdasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip kooperatif, partisipatif dan emansipatif, dengan dua prinsip yang mendasari, yaitu member base dan self help yang merupakan bagian dari modal sosial. Hasil dari penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan BUMDes mendukung usaha kelompok tani dalam penyediaan kebutuhan pertanian, pengelolaan air bersih dan meningkatkan pendapatan Desa.
Alternativas económicas que permitan la conservación del ambiente para los habitantes del Corregimiento de El Encano
Authors: Bastidas Ernesto Javier 
Published: July 2020

El artículo tiene como propósito presentar las posibles alternativas económicas que se podrían adoptar por parte de las personas dedicadas a la explotación de carbón vegetal en el Corregimiento de El Encano (Municipio de Pasto). El estudio se abordó desde el enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo. Con base en una población de 139 personas, se estableció una muestra representativa de 54 habitantes que ejercen la actividad carbonífera, y se obtuvo información mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario, e igual con la observación de las actividades económicas en los diferentes lugares donde habitan. Se pudo conocer, también, que existen otras alternativas como la agro-industrialización y comercialización de plantas aromáticas, cría de especies menores y el turismo rural y agroturismo, que mejorarían la calidad de vida de las personas que trabajan con el carbón, no sólo por los ingresos económicos sino, también, por el cuidado y protección del ambiente, con aprovechamiento de la riqueza paisajística y gastronómica de la región. A pesar de la importancia ambiental y de los esfuerzos gubernamentales, se puede concluir que la comunidad aún continúa con la deforestación, tanto para la producción de carbón vegetal como también para la obtención de leña y la utilización de terrenos para ganadería y cultivos de papa, poniendo en peligro el equilibrio natural del ambiente, la poca retención de agua y la belleza paisajística. No obstante, el cultivo de plantas aromáticas es viable, ya que el clima es óptimo, la tierra es apta, los habitantes conocen el proceso, que de forma mínima requiere agroquímicos y que, cultivados con buenas prácticas agrícolas, generan apertura de mercados.
Propuesta de cambios curriculares: eje transversal interacción con el sector productivo
Authors: Sarralde Pereira Mónica Isabel 
Published: July 2020

El artículo aborda como tema, la interacción con el sector productivo, concebida desde las expectativas de empresarios docentes y estudiantes del Programa de pregrado de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad de Nariño, al tomar como referencia la concepción de algunos autores y las experiencias de universidades nacionales y extranjeras. Se trabajó a partir del paradigma cualitativo y orientado por el enfoque hermenéutico, se agregó la muestra estudiantes y empresarios. Se realizó un análisis de la situación actual de dicho Programa, indagando las necesidades de los participantes en cuanto a su relación con el sector productivo. En los resultados, los sujetos de investigación evidenciaron que es importante fortalecer las relaciones del Programa con el sector productivo, al manifestar interés en que la práctica sea formalizada con las obligaciones de ley, se tenga en cuenta otras alternativas de interacción con el sector mencionado, con la pretensión de que éstas se inicien desde los primeros semestres, a partir de las asignaturas prácticas del Plan de estudios. Se obtuvo como resultados, que al momento de la realización de la práctica en algunos países, está estipulado que sea en los primeros semestres, cuando el estudiante selecciona la asignatura práctica según su dominio, constituyéndose en el objetivo del currículo práctico. Así, se elaboró un micro-currículo para la malla, que posibilite a los estudiantes su interacción con el sector productivo desde los primeros semestres; esta medida lograría un aporte social, al generar una formación ejecutiva, como también el desarrollo de unas competencias empresariales teoría-técnica.
Ardyanmalı bir turbofan motorunun çok amaçlı parçacık sürü yöntemiyle optimizasyonu
Authors: TURAN Onder , ORUÇ Rıdvan , BAKLACİOGLU Tolga 
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışmada, matlab programı kullanılarak karışık akımlı ve ardyanmalı kavramsal turbofan motorunun parametrik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bypass oranı (α) ve fan sıkıştırma oranının (πc') sırasıyla 0,4≤ α ≤1,3 ve 1,2≤ πc' ≤2,1 olduğu değer aralığında motor performans parametreleri olan itki özgül yakıt tüketimi (SFC), özgül itki (ST) ve toplam verim (no) amaç fonksiyonları, hem ardyanmalı hem de ardyanmasız durum için optimize edilmiştir. Analiz için kavramsal bir turbofan motor kullanılmıştır. Optimizasyon yöntemi olarak parçacık sürü optimizasyonu (PSO) ve çok amaçlı parçacık sürü optimizasyonu (MOPSO) kullanılmıştır. Literatürde bu konuda MOPSO ile herhangi bir çalışma olmadığından bu çalışma, turbofan motorunun parametrik analizinde MOPSO yönteminin kullanıldığı ilk çalışmadır. Ardyanmalı durumda SFC, ST ve no için optimum değerler α ve πc' nün sırasıyla 0,4 ve 1,2 olduğu değerlerde sırasıyla 52,4025, 1013,3 ve % 21,13 olarak bulunmuştur. Ardyanmasız durumda SFC, ST ve no için optimum değerler sırasıyla 20,8887, 658,3483 ve % 30,1234 olarak bulunmuştur. Ardyanmasız durumda SFC, ST ve no için optimum değerleri sağlayan α ve πc' ikilileri sırasıyla (1,3 ile 1,2), (0,4 ile 1,2) ve (1,3 ile 1,2) olarak bulunmuştur.
İndüksiyon ön ısıtmalı bir elektromanyetik darbe şekillendirme sisteminin deneysel analizi
Authors: BARANOĞLU Besim , ÖZBEK Mehmet Efe , AYDIN Elif 
Published: July 2020

Elektromanyetik şekillendirme, özellikle sac metal ya da boru malzemelerin şekillendirilmesinde kullanılan yüksek hızlı bir şekillendirme teknolojisidir. İndüksiyon ısıtma teknolojisi günümüzde verimlilik, hızlı ısıtma, emniyet, temizlik ve doğru kontrol avantajlarıyla birçok endüstriyel, evsel ve tıbbi uygulamada tercih edilen ısıtma teknolojisidir. Bu çalışmada, elektromanyetik alan kullanılarak, sac malzemelerin şekillendirilmesi için bir sistemin tasarımı yapılmış ve bu sistem oluşturularak etkinliği değerlendirilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, sac malzemelerin şekillendirilebilirliğinin sağlanması için ön ısıtma elektromanyetik indüksiyon yöntemi ile sağlanmış, belirli bir sıcaklığa gelen malzeme daha sonra ısıtma yapılan bobin üzerinden yüksek genlikli darbe akımı geçirilerek şekillendirilmiştir.
Liquefaction and Related Ground Failure from July 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Zimmaro Paolo , Nweke Chukwuebuka C. , Hernandez Janis L. , Hudson Kenneth S. , Hudson Martin B. , Ahdi Sean K. , Boggs Matthew L. , Davis Craig A. , Goulet Christine A. , Brandenberg Scott J. , Hudnut Kenneth W. , Stewart Jonathan P. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence produced a 4 July M 6.5 foreshock and a 5 July M 7.1 mainshock, along with 23 events with magnitudes greater than 4.5 in the 24 hr period following the mainshock. The epicenters of the two principal events were located in the Indian Wells Valley, northwest of Searles Valley near the towns of Ridgecrest, Trona, and Argus. We describe observed liquefaction manifestations including sand boils, fissures, and lateral spreading features, as well as proximate non-ground failure zones that resulted from the sequence. Expanding upon results initially presented in a report of the Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance Association, we synthesize results of field mapping, aerial imagery, and inferences of ground deformations from Synthetic Aperture Radar-based damage proxy maps (DPMs). We document incidents of liquefaction, settlement, and lateral spreading in the Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake US military base and compare locations of these observations to pre- and postevent mapping of liquefaction hazards. We describe liquefaction and ground-failure features in Trona and Argus, which produced lateral deformations and impacts on several single-story masonry and wood frame buildings. Detailed maps showing zones with and without ground failure are provided for these towns, along with mapped ground deformations along transects. Finally, we describe incidents of massive liquefaction with related ground failures and proximate areas of similar geologic origin without ground failure in the Searles Lakebed. Observations in this region are consistent with surface change predicted by the DPM. In the same region, geospatial liquefaction hazard maps are effective at identifying broad percentages of land with liquefaction-related damage. We anticipate that data presented in this article will be useful for future liquefaction susceptibility, triggering, and consequence studies being undertaken as part of the Next Generation Liquefaction project.
Evaluation of the feasibility and effectiveness of a health facility-based combined with home-based early childhood development intervention in Siaya County, Kenya: a cluster-randomized control trial
Authors: Kitsao-Wekulo Patricia , Domfouet Hermann P. P. , Onyango Silas , Wanjohi Milka , Sen Debjeet , Frey Matthew , Erhard Loida , Baral Ranju , Obong'o Christopher , Kadenge Oscar , Oyugi Beatrice , Kavithe Rachel , Omedo Dickens , Abubakar Amina , Mwoma Teresa , Kabaka Stewart , Tomlinson Mark , Richter Linda , Engmann Cyril , Kimani-Murage Elizabeth 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Approximately 250 million (43%) children under five years in low- and middle-income countries are at risk of sub-optimal development. Of these, 67% are found in sub-Saharan Africa due to exposure to multiple risks, including inadequate stimulation at home. In order to promote early childhood development (ECD), an intervention integrating ECD content into routine facility-based health services and supporting ECD policy and advocacy is currently being implemented in Siaya County. In addition, parental counseling on early stimulation is integrated into home-based visits by community health volunteers. We aim to evaluate the intervention’s operational feasibility, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study is a cluster-randomized controlled trial using a mixed-methods approach. The study is being conducted in Bondo sub-county in Siaya County. The study has three arms. Arm 1 will receive a health facility-based ECD intervention. Arm 2 will receive the health facility-based ECD intervention combined with home-based ECD counselling. Arm 3 (control) will receive standard care. Six health facilities in each study arm (18 in total) will be randomly selected from wards within the sub-county. We aim to recruit and follow-up 699 mother/caregiver-child dyads, 233 in each arm. Pregnant women are recruited when they visit health facilities during the third trimester. Analysis will involve estimating the effect of the intervention using mixed linear models and the Difference-in-Differences estimator.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data generated from this study will provide much-needed information for program design and implementation of interventions aimed at promoting ECD in Kenya and other sub-Saharan African countries.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Trial Registration:</strong> Current Control Trial is ISRCTN11561283.</p><p> </p>