bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A low–cost Arduino–based NMR console
Authors: Yubonmhat K , Youngdee W , Chinwong S , Saowadee N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD–NMR) is a non-destructive technique to investigate a samples’ physical properties, such as fat and water contents, porosity, viscosity and water states in cell compartments etc., by analysis of the samples’ proton relaxations. However, commercial NMR consoles are still expensive, closed–source and unable to be customized for various applications. In this work, we demonstrate a low–cost, easy–to–build and customizable Arduino–based NMR console. The Arduino Due was chosen due to being easy–to–program while delivering high performance. The Arduino conducts four important functions i.e. controlling an RF synthesizer, timing control, data acquisition and PC interface. The NMR console is equipped with a quadrature modulator for RF phase control and a demodulator for signal phase detection. A low–cost HF power amplifier is used to amplify the transmitting signal, while a low noise amplifier TB–411–6+ is combined with an adjustable gain amplifier AD603 to amplify the received signal. The amplified signal is demodulated and collected by the Arduino. The console was successfully used to measure relaxation times of glycerin and mineral oils. The overall cost of the prototype console is approximately 363 USD. The quadrature modulator and demodulator are the key components for future development to be an NMR imaging console.
Radiolabeling efficiency and stability study on Lutetium-177 labeled bombesin peptide
Authors: Jowanaridhi B , Sriwiang W 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bombesin is a 14-amino-acid peptide having the ability to specifically bind gastrin releasing peptide receptors (GRPR) which show over-expression in many types of cancer cells. Therefore, bombesin analogs have been complexed with radionuclides and reported as radiopharmaceuticals for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Lutetium-177 (Lu-177) is a beta emitting radionuclide that decays with a half-life of 6.65 days. The medium beta energy and the relatively long half-life of Lu-177 make it one of the ideal radionuclides used in targeted radionuclide therapy. As the oxidation state of this radioisotope is 3+, it requires multidentate chelators such as DOTA to form stable complex. In this work, the commercially available conjugated peptide, DOTA-[Pro1, Tyr4]-bombesin, was labeled with Lu-177 for preliminary formulation as a therapeutic radiopharmaceutical. The aim was to evaluate the radiolabeling efficiency using various amounts of the peptide and the stability in human serum for 7 days. The radiolabeling was performed in sterile water for injection with 5 mCi of Lu-177, adjusted to pH 5.5 to 6.0 by 0.5 M sodium acetate, and incubated at 100°C for 30 min. It was found that the radiochemical yield was more than 99% when using 20 µg of the peptide, and the complex was stable for a week. Moreover, human serum was used to simulate in vivo condition. The results showed high complex stability with more than 98% remaining intact after 7 days.
Enhanced visible-light driven photocatalytic property of g-C3N4/ZnAl2O4nanocomposites
Authors: Somraksa W , Suwanboon S , Amornpitoksuk P 
Published: December 2019

AbstractZnAl2O4spinel nanoparticles and g-C3N4/ZnAl2O4nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method. The influence of g-C3N4loading contents on structural, morphological and optical properties was investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), respectively. The peak intensity of g-C3N4increased as a function of g-C3N4loading contents. The optical band gap values of g-C3N4/ZnAl2O4nanocomposites were 3.10, 2.84, 2.82 and 2.80 eV when g-C3N4loading contents were increased from 0 to 10, 20 and 30%, respectively. The photocatalytic activity increased as a function of g-C3N4loading content. The 30% g-C3N4/ZnAl2O4nanocomposites exhibited highest MB degradation of about 100% under visible light irradiation for 360 min.
Comparison of electron temperature in DC glow discharge and AC glow discharge plasma
Authors: Tangjitsomboon P , Ngamrungroj D , Mongkolnavin R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Knowing electron temperature and electron density is important for any plasma related applications. In this research, the electron temperature and electron density of argon plasma generated by low frequency AC power supply and a high voltage DC power supply were investigated. The measurements were compared, both experimentally and theoretically. For the experiment, a long glass cylindrical tube was used as a chamber where the electrodes were placed at 37.5 cm apart. A high voltage function generator power supply was operated at various frequencies and it was also used for DC operation. The electron temperatures were measured by Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) technique for different operating pressures of 0.1 mbar, 0.6 mbar and 1.1 mbar. For the simulation, both plasma theory and finite element method were used to simulate dynamics of the plasma in the cylindrical setup. From the experiment, the range of breakdown voltage was found to be between 0.80 to 2.3 kV. The length of DC glow discharge dark regions of the plasma decreases due to increasing in both operating pressure and voltage. AC glow discharge shows positive charge and negative charge swing. From the DC discharge, the maximum value of electron temperature was found to be 0.810 eV and the minimum value was 0.610 eV under the operating pressure 0.1 and 0.6 mbar respectively. From AC glow discharge plasma, the maximum electron temperature was 0.907 eV and the minimum was 0.540 eV under operating pressure 0.1 and 1.1 mbar respectively. Collision loss between ions and electrons causes this variation in the results.
Simple experimental setup for producing polarization-entangled photons
Authors: Rojpattanakul W , Bongkodmalee T , Boonkham K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Quantum entanglement is an important action in quantum mechanics. Basically, quantum entanglement of correlated photon pairs can be produced by spontaneous down-conversion process inside the two birefringence crystals. This work aims to create a pair of photons, i.e. signal and idler, that are entangled and to assay the relation between these photons by using polarization-entangled photon pairs to demonstrate quantum non-locality by comparing with the Malus’s law. From the experiments, the coincidence counts as a function of relative angle (α - β) between transmission axis of the polarizer and analyzer were obtained and the polarization entanglement curve was demonstrated. This result corresponding with polarization entanglement prediction term of ½ cos2 (α - β) which confirmed the entanglement of photons.
Influences of magnetic flux on growth and direction of Chiang Rai Phulae Pineapple roots
Authors: Thepnurat Meechai , Butsamran Pongpon , Duangsanit Prakrit , Kaewphila Pantawan , Saphet Parinya , Tong-on Anusorn , Supawan Kanitta , ruanto Patcharawarin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Currently, chemicals are widely used in plant cultivation in many countries, allowing plants to have more roots, grow faster, and increase productivity. This research aimed to study application of permanent magnets (Neodymium Magnets (NM)) to accelerate the growth of plant roots instead of using chemicals for cultivation. Pineapples were planted in liquid media under permanent magnetic flux density (B) of 1-90 mT intensity. Magnetic flux directions were arranged in two forms, either toward or ejected from the plant roots. The result showed that the number of roots of pineapples planted under the magnetic flux was 2 times greater than the control and the length of roots was also 4.5 times greater in length than those without magnetic flux. The roots exposed toward the magnetic flux had about 2 times greater number and length of roots compared to when the magnetic flux direction was ejected from the plant roots. The direction of the magnetic flux influenced the direction of plant root growth significantly.
Electrocaloric properties of ferroelectric P(VDF-HFP)/PU composites
Authors: Jehlaeh K , Salea A , Putson C 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Electrocaloric (EC) cooling is one of a new cooling technology for refrigeration and air conditioning systems. This EC cooling is very interesting, not only because their higher energy conversion efficiency, but also because it is a green technology. Poly(viny lidene fluoride hexafluoropropylene), P(VDF-HFP) blended with polyurethane, PU was studied on an electrocaloric properties. All polymer composites were prepared by solution tape casting. The microstructure and crystallinity of P(VDF-HFP)/PU composites were observed by FTIR and XRD. Hysteresis loop of P(VDF-HFP)/PU composite films was also investigated with various operation temperature near Curie temperature, and their adiabatic temperature change, ΔT based on electrocaloric effect was measured by indirect method with helping of Maxwell relation. For the experimental results, hysteresis loop of all samples was observed and showed as normal ferroelectric above the F-P transition, as relaxor ferroelectric at near room temperature. Besides, the adiabatic temperature change, ΔT of P(VDF-HFP)/PU composites gradually increases with increasing PU content. It was be found that the maximum of adiabatic temperature changes of P(VDF-HFP)/PU composites with ratio 8.0:2.0 at obtained more than 22 °C, which higher than pure P(VDF-HFP). Final, the increasing ΔT will be discussion on relationship of microstructure, phase transition and crystallinity of obtained P(VDF-HFP)/PU composite.
Improvement of electrocaloric properties of P(VDF-HFP)/GNPs composites for refrigerator cooling
Authors: Permana A A , Ngamdee W , Putson C 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Electrocaloric effect originally comes from the cross-coupling between temperature and polarization of dielectric materials. Poly (vinylidene fluoride)/P(VDF) and its copolymers exhibit high displacement and dielectric properties among all ferroelectric polymers with additional advantages like lightweight, flexible and low cost compared with other dielectric materials. Moreover, poly (vinylidene fluoride hexafluoroprophylene)/P(VDF-HFP) copolymers shows highest breakdown strength. P(VDF-HFP) copolymers was used as the main matrix with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) conducting materials as nanofillers. The P/GNPs composites thin films were prepared by solution casting method with the final thickness of 30 +/- 5 µm using N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvents. The GNPs content was varied of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% by weight. The dielectric and electrical properties were measured by LCR meter with various frequency of 1 to 100 kHz. The structure and crystallinity were observed by XRD and DSC. The polarization as a function of external electric field was investigated by P-E loop instrument in 40 MV/m with varying temperature from room temperature to 140 °C. Furthermore, electrocaloric effect was measured by indirect method by calculating adiabatic temperature change (ΔT) with help of Maxwell relation. The experimental results show that dielectric constant of P/GNPs composites was increased by increasing the GNPs content but dielectric loss is kept constant with low loading, far away from the percolation threshold. Moreover, the ΔT of the P/GNPs composites is higher than the pure P(VDF-HFP) copolymers that leads to higher electrocaloric effect. The Increasement of the ΔT of P/GNPs composites will be discussed based on their microstructure, phase transition and crystallinity. As conclusion, adding GNPs nanofillers to P(VDF-HFP) matrix can improve dielectric constant as well as electrocaloric properties which has capability for refrigeration cooling system.
Empirical model of magnetic field line spreading in isotropic turbulence with zero mean field
Authors: Sonsrettee Wirin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In many cases, the random walk of magnetic field line in isotropic turbulence with zero mean field is appropriated to describe the transport of energetic particles in the interstellar medium of our Galaxy. To understand the transport, our previous work determined the asymptotic field line diffusion coefficient by using Corrsin’s hypothesis and presumed models of field line spreading. Two of those models of field line spreading are the diffusive decorrelation (DD) model and the random ballistic decorrelation (RBD) model. The variances of the field line displacement in, say, the x direction for the DD and RBD models are assumed as

σ
x
2

=
2
D
|
Δ
τ
|
=
2

(

λ
∼

/

3

)

b
|
Δ
τ
|

and

σ
x
2

=

(

1
/
3

)

b
2

|
Δ
τ

|
2

, respectively. τ is the field line displacement parameter defined as dτ = ds/B, where s is the arc length along the field line and B is the magnitude of the total magnetic field. D is the asymptotic diffusion coefficient, b is the rms magnetic fluctuation and

λ
∼

is the ultrascale. Comparing with simulation results, the DD and RBD models predict the D values with ⩽ 15% error and ⩽ 21% error, respectively. To improve the theoretical model empirically, in this work, we assume that the proper model the variance is

σ
x
2

=
β

(

b
|
Δ
τ
|

)

α

, where β is a proportional constant and α is an exponent. We extrapolate β with the proportional constants of DD and RBD models. Comparing with the simulation result of Kolmogorov turbulence, we obtain α = 0.8694. To test validity of the model, we compare the theoretical results of

σ
x
2

=
β

(

b
|
Δ
τ
|

)

0.8694

(formulated from Kolmogorov turbulence) with simulation results of two other turbulences: IroshnikovKraichnan turbulence and weak turbulence. The theoretical results of the empirical model match the computer simulation results very well (with ⩽ 0.9% error).
Effects of anti-solvent in the two-step fabrication of absorber layer in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Butsriruk K , Taychatanapat T , Chatraphorn S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite materials, e.g., CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) have been used as photon absorber layer in the emerging solar cell technology. The two-step spin coating technique has been employed to fabricate the absorber films. It has been found that the use of anti-solvents plays a crucial role on the growth of the perovskite crystals. Chlorobenzene (CB) and Toluene (TO) were chosen as the anti-solvents that were applied after spin-coating of Methylammonium Iodide (MAI) solution in the second step of the two-step process. The amount and the elapsed time of the application of anti-solvents after spinning MAI solution were varied and studied for the crystal growth of perovskite films as well as the performance of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). It was found that 50 ml of CB applied at 5 s after spinning MAI solution yielded the best solar cells parameters with the best efficiency of 16.8 %.
Non-invasive microwave sensor for the detection of the cell culture medium residues
Authors: Wanthong A , Harnsoongnoen S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A metallic circular tapped split ring resonator (CT-SRR) coupled with coplanar waveguide (CPW) are designed and fabricated for the non-invasive measurement of the cell (fibroblasts and adipocytes) culture medium residues (MRs), comprising remaining nutrients (glucose and electrolytes), serum, and other substances following cell cultures. Pre-culturing MRs were prepared with the same standard formulas and divided into four cases, i) pre - MRs with serum, ii) pre-MRs with serum and herb extract, iii) pre-MRs with serum and hormones and iv) pre-MRs with serum, hormones and herb extract. The four cases of culturing MR preparations are measured and analyzed by the proposed microwave sensor through transmission coefficient (S21) in the frequency range from 1.5 GHz – 2.5 GHz. The experimental results show that the highest of S21 and cells fat accumulation activity in case (iv) which related to the lowest remaining nutrients. The order amplitude of S21 at 1.96 GHz with material under tests (MUTs) at 1.96 GHz as follows: case (iv) > case (ii) > case (i) > case (iii) > DI water > air. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a non-invasive microwave based biochemistry sensor technology.
Effects of few optical cycles approximation to spectral broadening generated in two-zero dispersion wavelengths fibers
Authors: Louicharoen Phunsakorn , Naiam Krittapak , Tianprateep Montian , Wannadelok Orapin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
It is both experimentally and numerically confirmed that Supercontinuum can be generated by pumping a few-tens-femtoseconds short pulse in anomalous dispersion region of a two zero-dispersion wavelengths (ZDW) fiber, such as, photonic crystal fiber. In numerical method, a well-known slowly varying envelope approximation (SVEA) has always been used to illustrate how the short pulse expands to a broadband spectrum in two-ZDWs fiber. But, the limit of SVEA is that it can only be applied for the short pulse, which its temporal envelope changes slowly comparing with its optical cycle. However, a few optical cycles short pulse is not fit with the condition of the SVEA approximation. In this report, another model, namely slowly evolving wave approximation (SEWA), is applied for numerical demonstration of supercontinuum generated by pumping the few optical cycles short pulse in two-ZDWs fiber. According to our simulation, under SEWA the final spectral width of the very short input pulse in the two-ZDWs fiber is between about 500 - 2000 nm, even the center wavelength of input pulse is near second-ZDW of fiber. Moreover, other effects of these two approximations since the center wavelength of the very short input pulse is close to both upper and lower ZDWs of the fiber in the same fiber’s length are also compared in our presentation.
Comparing performance of multi-frequency bands Occam’s receiver function inversion to standard linearized receiver function inversion
Authors: Trinakoon S , Vachiratianchai C , Amatykul P , Siripunvaraporn W , Noisagool S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractReceiver function (RF) is a characterized waveform that sensitive to the sub-surface velocity structure near the seismic station. In the geophysical problem, an inversion scheme has been used for determining the structure model that corresponded to the observed data. Because RF inversion is a non-linear problem, the standard method such as linearized inversion suffered in the non-uniqueness of the results. Thus, using a stochastic optimization algorithm (e.g. Monte Carlo or Generic Algorithm) is the most interesting trend for solving the problem. However, their computation cost is high and the efficiency is strongly depended on user setting. In this work, Occam’s inversion algorithm, which is popular in the electromagnetic method, and multi-frequency bands receiver function have been integrated to improve the efficiency of receiver function inversion. The propagation method has been applied for the calculation of seismogram in this work. The synthetic cases, which are thin low velocity zone model (TLVZ), broad low velocity zone model (BLVZ), thin high velocity zone model (THVZ) and broad high velocity zone model (BHVZ), were used to compare the performance of this newly implemented algorithm and the standard linearized inversion. Single frequency band (SFO) and multi-frequency bands Occam’s inversion (MFO) have been tested for each case. For, TLVZ, THVZ and BHVZ, the MFO inversion provided better fitting results than SFO in most cases. Comparing to linearized inversion of CPS330, the MFO results still provide better performance. For the smooth low velocity structure in BLVZ model, both linearized and MFO can recover a significant structure of the true model. More concisely, the linearized inversion can recover the absolute velocity of the true model better than MFO. By the way, the MFO provides the best data fitting for the BLVZ. In summary, the MFO receiver function inversion that implemented in this study provides a new improved tool for a seismologist to investigating the subsurface structure.
Preliminary testing for reduction of insertion torque of orthodontic mini-screw implant using diamond-like carbon films
Authors: Jongwannasiri C , Charasseangpaisarn T , Watanabe S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, titanium alloy is widely used as orthodontic mini-screw implants due to its suitable mechanical properties and excellence in biocompatibility. However, the excessive torques applied during the insertion of orthodontic mini-screw implant can cause necrosis of the surrounding bone. In this article, the insertion torque of orthodontic mini-screw implants is aimed to reduce during treatment by means of surface coating. The three types of coatings, namely, DLC, F-DLC 2:1 and Si-DLC 2:1 coated on orthodontic mini-screw implants were chosen to take into account the insertion torque values compared with uncoated surface. The friction behaviors of the films in ambient air and dry air were assessed using ball-on-disk friction testing. Cytotoxicity tests were performed using MTT assay. The insertion torque values were measured by physiodispenser. The results indicated that, both measured in ambient air and dry air, the addition of F into the DLC films slightly influenced the friction coefficients, while doping with Si strongly influenced the films. These films also exhibited less cytotoxicity on their surfaces. Furthermore, the insertion torque values decreased when coated orthodontic mini-screw implants with F-DLC 2:1 and Si-DLC 2:1 films. Therefore, the F-DLC 2:1 and Si-DLC 2:1 films can be considered to apply on orthodontic mini-screw implant for reducing the insertion torque.
Constraints on dark matter annihilation with electron spectrum from VERITAS
Authors: Khan Cantlay Brandon , Wechakama Maneenate 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Cosmic-ray electrons (and positrons) can be used to probe self-annihilation or decay of dark matter particles. We have used spectrum of high energy cosmic-ray electrons between 300 GeV and 5 TeV measured by Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) to constrain dark matter annihilation cross-section in the solar neighbourhood. A diffusion-loss equation with a canonical model has been used as a spectrum model function by assuming a NFW profile for the Milky Way halo. We have considered cosmic-ray electrons as products of annihilation of heavy dark matter particles (GeV -TeV). During the propagation through interstellar medium, the cosmic-ray electrons lose their energy due to synchrotron radiation, inverse-Compton scattering and ionization processes.
Low-energy heavy-ion beam induced high-yield mutation breeding of Thai jasmine rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. KDML 105)
Authors: Phanchaisri B , Techarang J , Semsang N , Yu L D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Thai jasmine rice was improved by low-energy heavy-ion beam induced mutation breeding for high yields. Seeds of Thai rice KDML105 and its ion-beam-induced primary mutant BKOS6 were bombarded by mixed atomic and molecular nitrogen ions accelerated by tens kV in a home-developed high-current ion implanter. Both phenotypes and genotypes of induced mutants were investigated. In M1 generation, more than a hundred plants with the photoperiod-insensitivity potential were obtained. In the subsequent generations, tens of rice mutants with a broad spectrum of phenotypic variations dominantly supporting the high yield potential were selected and studied for the mutation stability till M5 generation. The mutants possessed not only high crop yields but also other properties improved or altered in the grains. DNA fingerprinting analysis revealed polymorphisms in the mutants distinguished from that of KDML105. The cDNA fingerprinting investigation indicated four additional fragments in the mutant profiles encoding proteins which could be involved in the high yield characteristics of the mutants.