bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of a tobacco treatment program on abstinence and survival rates among current smokers with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Day Andrew T. , Dahlstrom Kristina R. , Lee Rebecca , Karam‐Hage Maher , Sturgis Erich M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundApproximately one quarter of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients smoke cigarettes at the time of diagnosis. Despite HNC guideline recommendations to treat tobacco dependence, the effectiveness of treatment in this population is poorly described.MethodsThis retrospective cohort review evaluated 117 current smokers with p16‐negative mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma prospectively enrolled in a tobacco treatment program. Seven‐day point prevalence tobacco abstinence rates at 9 months and survival outcomes were compared among abstinent and nonabstinent groups.ResultsMedian follow‐up among survivors was 62.4 months. Forty percent of patients were abstinent at 9 months according to intention‐to‐treat analysis. After adjustment for age, comorbidity and site, abstinent stage I to II patients had a decreased risk of death compared to smoking stage I to II patients (HR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03‐0.82).ConclusionsHigh cohort abstinence rates and favorable survival among abstinent patients with early‐stage HNC confirm the importance of tobacco dependence treatment in this population.
Risk factors associated with the development of aspiration pneumonia in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: retrospective study
Authors: Kawashita Yumiko , Morimoto Shimpei , Tashiro Kensuke , Soutome Sakiko , Yoshimatsu Masako , Nakao Noriko , Kurogi Tadafumi , Saito Thoshiyuki , Ukai Takashi , Umeda Masahiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with head and neck cancer who are receiving radiotherapy can develop aspiration pneumonia. Determination of the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and the associated risk factors could facilitate the identification of high‐risk patients.MethodsIn this retrospective study, we determined the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in 357 patients receiving radiotherapy along with oral care for head and neck cancer. We also performed univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses to investigate the risk factors for this complication.ResultsThe incidence of aspiration pneumonia was 17.6%. Hypopharyngeal cancer, grade 3 oral mucositis, and nasogastric tube feeding were independent risk factors. Moreover, the development of aspiration pneumonia was one of the major effects on the discontinuation of radiotherapy.ConclusionApproximately, one‐sixth of the patients developed aspiration pneumonia despite appropriate oral care during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Aspiration pneumonia during radiotherapy could adversely affect head and neck cancer management.
COVID‐19 and fiscal space for health system in Pakistan: It is time for a policy decision
Authors: Shaikh Babar T. , Ali Nabeela 
Published: June 2020

SummaryMost developing countries with weak economies and low GDPs strive to invest an optimal amount of budget to health sector. Compounding on this state of affairs is their inherent inefficiency to spend even that meager amount on the welfare of the patients, improving service delivery, motivating their workforce and making their health systems responsive to the needs of the people they serve. With weak fiscal base and inelasticity in budget spending, when these countries face a catastrophe like COVID‐19, there is a whole situation of havoc and lack of finances emerges as the biggest issue in such crises. Pakistan has been no exception to this kind of situation. Government funds allocated to other public sector development schemes are diverted to deal with the health emergency. Hence, the result is an overall socioeconomic shock that a country has to face. Amid such crises, other international commitments also face a state of uncertainty. With the changing disease patterns all over the world, the public financial management system for health sector needs to be revisited to devise a more sustainable and resilient mechanism not only to absorb shocks like COVID‐19 but also to meet the international health commitments.
FAM20C‐Mediated Phosphorylation of MEPE and Its Acidic Serine‐ and Aspartate‐Rich Motif
Authors: Christensen Brian , Schytte Gitte N , Scavenius Carsten , Enghild Jan J , McKee Marc D , Sørensen Esben S 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTMatrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) is expressed in bone and teeth where it has multiple functions. The C‐terminus of MEPE contains a mineral‐binding, acidic serine‐ and aspartate‐rich motif (ASARM) that is also present in other noncollagenous proteins of mineralized tissues. MEPE‐derived ASARM peptides function in phosphate homeostasis and direct inhibition of bone mineralization in a phosphorylation‐dependent manner. MEPE is phosphorylated by family with sequence similarity 20, member C (FAM20C), which is the main kinase phosphorylating secreted phosphoprotein. Although the functional importance of protein phosphorylation status in mineralization processes has now been well‐established for secreted bone and tooth proteins (particularly for osteopontin), the phosphorylation pattern of MEPE has not been previously determined. Here we provide evidence for a very high phosphorylation level of this protein, reporting on the localization of 31 phosphoresidues in human MEPE after coexpression with FAM20C in HEK293T cells. This includes the finding that all serine residues located in the canonical target sequence of FAM20C (Ser‐x‐Glu) were phosphorylated, thus establishing the major target sites for this kinase. We also show that MEPE has numerous other phosphorylation sites, these not being positioned in the canonical phosphorylation sequence. Of note, and underscoring a possible important function in mineralization biology, all nine serine residues in the ASARM were phosphorylated, even though only two of these were positioned in the Ser‐x‐Glu sequence. The presence of many phosphorylated amino acids in MEPE, and particularly their high density in the ASARM motif, provides an important basis for the understanding of structural and functional interdependencies in mineralization and phosphate homeostasis. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Effective phosphated CeO2 materials in the photocatalytic degradation of phenol under UV irradiation
Authors: Castañeda Claudia , Gutiérrez Karol , Alvarado Ignacio , Martínez José J , Rojas Hugo , Tzompantzi Francisco , Gómez Ricardo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhotocatalytic degradation is considered as an effective and eco‐friendly alternative for removal of persistent pollutants. The enhancement of the photocatalytic properties of conventional photocatalysts such as CeO2 can be realized by surface modification with metals or nonmetals, which allows a reduction in the recombination frequency of charge carriers. In this study, superficially phosphated CeO2 materials with various anion contents obtained using an impregnation method were evaluated in the photodegradation of phenol under UV irradiation.RESULTSThe addition of phosphate anions promoted an increase in the surface area and a slight decrease in the crystallite size. The anchorage of the phosphate anions was via bidentate mode. An enhancement in the degradation of the pollutant was evidenced using the phosphated materials with respect to the results observed using unmodified CeO2. Also, an effect of the content of anions was evidenced, the optimal amount being equal to 1.0 wt%.CONCLUSIONSThe surface modification of CeO2 with phosphate anions favors a control of the physical and chemical properties of the semiconductor and the effective separation of electron–hole pairs, which leads to an increase in the photocatalytic activity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, aminoguanidine improved Ki67 as a marker of neurogenesis and learning and memory in juvenile hypothyroid rats
Authors: Alikhani Vajiheh , Beheshti Farimah , Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar Mahboobeh , Marefati Narges , Mansouritorghabeh Fatemeh , Hosseini Mahmoud 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn the present study, the effect of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, aminoguanidine (AG) on neurogenesis indicators, learning and memory, and oxidative stress status in juvenile hypothyroid (Hypo) rats was evaluated.MethodThe studied groups were including: (a) Control, (b) Hypo, (c–e) Hypo‐AG 10, Hypo‐AG 20, and Hypo‐AG 30. Hypothyroidism was induced in the groups 2–5 by adding propylthiouracil in drinking water (0.05%). AG (10, 20, or 30 mg/kg) was daily injected intraperitoneally in the groups 3–5. The rats of the groups 1 and 2 were injected by saline instead of AG. After 6 weeks treatment, Morris water maze (MMW) and passive avoidance (PA) tests were done. Deep anesthesia was then induced and the brain tissue was excised for biochemical parameters measuring.ResultsKi67 as a maker of neurogenesis and thiol, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) as oxidative stress indicators were decreased in the brain of Hypo group, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO metabolites were enhanced. AG improved Ki67, thiol, CAT, and SOD while decreased MDA and NO metabolites. The escape latency in the MWM test increased in the Hypo group. The spending time in the target quadrant in the probe test of MWM and step‐through latency in the PA test in the Hypo group was lower than Control group. AG reversed all the negative behavioral effects of hypothyroidism.ConclusionThese results revealed that AG improved neurogenesis, learning and memory impairments, and oxidative imbalance in the brain juvenile Hypo rats.
Long noncoding RNA FTX is associated with prognosis of glioma patients
Authors: Liang Yongjuan , Lu Hongzhen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNAs play influential roles in the progression of many types of human malignancies. The present study aimed to explore the prognostic value of long noncoding RNA FTX (FTX) on patients with glioma.MethodsFTX expression in glioma specimens and matched adjacent non‐neoplasm specimens was examined by a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay. Furthermore, assays of the relationships between FTX expression and clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with glioma were also performed. Kaplan–Meier methods were applied for the assays of the overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) of patients and Cox regression assays were used to analyze the clinical value of FTX used as a possible biomarker.ResultsFTX levels were significantly up‐regulated in glioma specimens compared to the paired non‐neoplasm specimens (p < 0.01). Furthermore, high FTX expression in neoplasm tissues was dramatically associated with World Health Organization grade (p = 0.001) and Karnofsky Performance Score (p = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier assays with 187 patients revealed that patients with high level of FTX expression displayed poorer OS (p = 0.002) and PFS (p = 0.000). Subsequently, multivariable Cox regression analysis identified FTX expression as an independent prognostic factor of unfavorable survivals in glioma (OS: p = 0.001; PFS: p = 0.002).ConclusionsThese findings indicated that FTX may be a novel predictor for prognostic assessment of glioma patients. However, studies conducted with larger numbers of patients are essential to confirm our findings.
CCDC88B is required for mobility and inflammatory functions of dendritic cells
Authors: Olivier Jean-Frederic , Fodil Nassima , Al Habyan Sara , Gopal Angelica , Artusa Patricio , Mandl Judith N , McCaffrey Luke , Gros Philippe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Coiled Coil Domain Containing Protein 88B (CCDC88B) gene is associated with susceptibility to several inflammatory diseases in humans and its inactivation in mice protects against acute neuroinflammation and models of intestinal colitis. We report that mice lacking functional CCDC88B (Ccdc88bMut) are defective in several dendritic cells (DCs)-dependent inflammatory and immune reactions in vivo. In these mice, an inflammatory stimulus (LPS) fails to induce the recruitment of DCs into the draining lymph nodes (LNs). In addition, OVA-pulsed Ccdc88bMut DCs injected in the footpad do not induce recruitment and activation of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in their draining LN. Experiments in vitro indicate that this defect is independent of the ability of mutant DCs to capture and present peptide antigen to T cells. Rather, kinetic analyses in vivo of wild-type and Ccdc88bMut DCs indicate a reduced migration capacity in the absence of the CCDC88B protein expression. Moreover, using time-lapse light microscopy imaging, we show that Ccdc88bMut DCs have an intrinsic motility defect. Furthermore, in vivo studies reveal that these reduced migratory properties lead to dampened contact hypersensitivity reactions in Ccdc88b mutant mice. These findings establish a critical role of CCDC88B in regulating movement and migration of DCs. Thus, regulatory variants impacting Ccdc88b expression in myeloid cells may cause variable degrees of DC-dependent inflammatory response in situ, providing a rationale for the genetic association of CCDC88B with several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in humans.
The role of pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide in affective signs of nicotine withdrawal
Authors: Nega Shiromani , Marquez Paul , Hamid Abdul , Ahmad Syed Muzzammil , Lutfy Kabirullah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecent evidence implicates endogenous pituitary adenylyl cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) in the aversive effect of nicotine. In the present study, we assessed if nicotine‐induced conditioned place preference (CPP) or affective signs of nicotine withdrawal would be altered in the absence of PACAP and if there were any sex‐related differences in these responses. Male and female mice lacking PACAP and their wild‐type controls were tested for baseline place preference on day 1, received conditioning with saline or nicotine (1 mg/kg) on alternate days for 6 days and were then tested for CPP the next day. Mice were then exposed to four additional conditioning and were tested again for nicotine‐induced CPP 24 hr later. Controls were conditioned with saline in both chambers and tested similarly. All mice were then, 96 hr later, challenged with mecamylamine (3 mg/kg), and tested for anxiety‐like behaviors 30 min later. Mice were then, 2 hr later, forced to swim for 15 min and then tested for depression‐like behaviors 24 hr later. Our results showed that male but not female mice lacking PACAP expressed a significant CPP that was comparable to their wild‐type controls. In contrast, male but not female mice lacking PACAP exhibited reduced anxiety‐ and depression‐like behaviors compared to their wild‐type controls following the mecamylamine challenge. These results suggest that endogenous PACAP is involved in affective signs of nicotine withdrawal, but there is a sex‐related difference in this response.
Surface‐enhanced resonance Raman scattering in partially oxidized thin copper film
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Farooq , Haleem Yasir Abdul , Sun Wenhong , Ma Lei , Wang Deliang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBroad and low‐intensity Raman peaks are usually expected from nanocrystalline thin semiconductor films. The inherently weak Raman scattering phenomenon can be further deteriorated by unwanted background signals preventing the successful Raman analysis of an analyte. In this study, the resonant and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering techniques were combined to detect CuO and Cu2O phases in the partially oxidized nanocrystalline copper film that were otherwise undetectable. Heat treatment resulted in increased oxidation and phase transition from multiphase to single CuO phase that was in situ observed by temperature‐dependent Raman measurements. Detailed understanding of the film properties and substrate interaction was made by using several characterization techniques.
Synthesis and Aggregation of Novel Sugar‐Based Gemini Surfactant with a N, N′‐Acetylethylenediamine Spacer in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Wang Ruijuan , WanYan Ruihua , Yang Shuo , Wang Dong , Yin Zhigang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA novel sugar‐based Gemini surfactant with a N,N′‐acetylethylenediamine spacer (N,N′ (N‐dodecyl‐2‐D‐glucosaminyl acetyl) ethylenediamine, Glu(12)‐(AA)‐Glu(12)), was synthesized with D‐(+)‐Glucono‐1,5‐lactone as starting material in three steps. The surfactant's structure was confirmed using 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). The aggregation behavior of Glu(12)‐(AA)‐Glu(12) in aqueous solution at pH 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0 was investigated by surface tension, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and cryogenic transmission electron microscopic (Cryo‐TEM) measurements. The surface tension measurement shows that the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of Glu(12)‐(AA)‐Glu(12) is at the concentration level of 10−5 mol·L−1 at 25 °C, which is significantly lower than that of corresponding monomeric sugar‐based surfactants. Compared with such sugar‐based Gemini surfactants with similar hydrophilic spacers, Glu(12)‐(AA)‐Glu(12) demonstrated similar or slightly lower surface activity. The CMC value of Glu(12)‐(AA)‐Glu(12) underwent a slight decrease with the increase of pH. DLS and Cryo‐TEM measurements reveal that Glu(12)‐(AA)‐Glu(12) forms micelles at acidic pH (pH 4.0) and the micelles are transformed into vesicles at neutral or high pH (pH 7.0, 10.0). The microstructural transformation of Glu(12)‐(AA)‐Glu(12) aggregates is related to the protonation state of its two tertiary amines in the head groups versus pH.
Effect of cultivating Pleurotus ostreatus on substrates supplemented with herb residues on yield characteristics, substrates degradation, and fruiting bodies’ properties
Authors: Jin Zhiqiang , Hou Qinwen , Niu Tianzeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDInappropriate disposal of herb residues in China has caused major problems for the immediate environment and to human safety. Here, three herb residues, compound Kushen injection (CKI), Qizhi Tongluo capsule (QTC), and Shenbai Shuxin capsule (SSC), were applied as substrates to corncob at various ratios (30:60, 45:45, and 60:30) for the propagation of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The effects of supplementation using herb residues on yield, biodegradation ability, bioactive compounds, antioxidant properties, and safety of P. ostreatus were assessed.RESULTSDifferent spawn running times were observed using growth medium, whereas 45CKI, 60QTC, and 30SSC media were determined as optimal‐performing substrate combinations, resulting in yields of 843 g kg−1, 828 g kg−1, and 715 g kg−1 respectively. Biodegradation analysis of consumed substrates revealed a significant decrease in cellulose and hemicellulose levels compared with lignin. Furthermore, chemical analysis of fruiting bodies revealed that the 45CKI and 60QTC substrates resulted in higher total phenol, flavonoid, terpenoid, and vitamin C levels, but significantly reduced water‐soluble polysaccharides compared with the corncob medium. The methanol extract of fruiting bodies grown on substrates containing herb residues exhibited higher antioxidant properties than the control, as it was more effective in scavenging 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radicals, had greater reducing power, and more strongly inhibiting lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, high‐performance liquid chromatography studies indicated that fruiting bodies did not generate matrine (a specific toxin produced in Kushen) when cultivated using the CKI substrate.CONCLUSIONSP. ostreatus cultivation on substrates mixed with herb residues facilitates herb residue management as well as bioactivity‐rich and non‐toxic fruit body formation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
The Sequential Relation Between Changes in Catastrophizing and Changes in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity
Authors: Pimentel Stephania Donayre , Adams Heather , Ellis Tamara , Clark Robin , Sully Craig , Paré Catherine , Sullivan Michael JL. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCatastrophizing has been discussed as a cognitive precursor to the emergence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms following the experience of stressful events. Implicit in cognitive models of PTSD is that treatment‐related reductions in catastrophizing should yield reductions in PTSD symptoms. The tenability of this prediction has yet to be tested. The present study investigated the sequential relation between changes in a specific form of catastrophizing—symptom catastrophizing—and changes in PTSD symptom severity in a sample of 73 work‐disabled individuals enrolled in a 10‐week behavioral activation intervention. Measures of symptom catastrophizing and PTSD symptom severity were completed at pre‐, mid‐, and posttreatment assessment points. Cross‐sectional analyses of pretreatment data revealed that symptom catastrophizing accounted for significant variance in PTSD symptom severity, β = .40, p < .001, sr = .28 (medium effect size), even when controlling for known correlates of symptom catastrophizing, such as pain and depression. Significant reductions in symptom catastrophizing and PTSD symptoms were observed during treatment, with large effect sizes, ds = 1.42 and 0.94, respectively, ps < .001. Cross‐lagged analyses revealed that early change in symptom catastrophizing predicted later change in PTSD symptoms; early changes in PTSD symptom severity did not predict later change in symptom catastrophizing. These findings are consistent with the conceptual models that posit a causal relation between catastrophizing and PTSD symptom severity. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
A multistressor model of carbon acquisition regulation for macroalgae in a changing climate
Authors: Dudgeon Steve , Kübler Janet E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is widely hypothesized that noncalcifying macroalgae will be more productive and abundant in increasingly warm and acidified oceans. Macroalgae vary greatly in the magnitudes and interactions of responses of photosynthesis and growth to multiple stressors associated with climate change. A knowledge gap that exists between the qualitative “macroalgae will benefit” hypothesis and the variable outcomes observed is regulation of physiological mechanisms that cause variation in the magnitudes of change in primary productivity, growth, and their covariation. In this context, we developed a model to quantitatively describe physiological responses to coincident variation in temperature, carbonate chemistry and light supply in a representative bicarbonate‐using marine macroalga. The model is based on Ulva spp., the best understood dissolved inorganic carbon uptake mechanism among macroalgae, with data enabling synthesis across all parameters. At boundary layer pH < 8.7 most inorganic carbon is taken up through the external carbonic anhydrase (CAext) mechanism under all conditions of photosynthetic photon flux density, temperature, and boundary layer thickness. Each 0.1 unit decline in pH causes a 20% increase in the fraction of diffusive uptake of CO2 thereby lessening reliance on active transport of bicarbonate. Modeled downregulation of anion exchange‐mediated active bicarbonate transport associated with a 0.4 unit decline in pH under ocean acidification is consistent with enhanced growth up to 4% per day without increasing photosynthetic rate. The model provides a means to quantify magnitudes of change in productivity under factorial combinations of changing temperature, pCO2, and light supply anticipated as climate changes.
Prozessindustrie: In Echtzeit reagieren
Authors: Ehrensberger Christian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDer Mobilfunkstandard der fünften Generation überträgt größere Datenmengen schneller als die bisherige Technik. Damit lassen sich mehr Sensoren und Roboter in Logistik oder Produktion nutzen. Große Unternehmen steigen mit eigenen 5G‐Netzen ein, kleinere treten Verbundprojekten bei.