bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energetic Nitrogen‐Rich Polymers with a Tetrazene‐Based Backbone
Authors: Eymann John , Joucla Lionel , Jacob Guy , Raynaud Jean , Darwich Chaza , Lacôte Emmanuel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNew energetic polymers were synthesized from monomers containing a trans‐2‐tetrazene unit. In contrast to traditional binders, such as inert hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene or glycidyl azide polymers—in which the energetic features are on the side chains—the energetic groups in the polytetrazenes are incorporated directly in the polymer backbone. Thermal analyses demonstrated that decomposition occurs at approximately 130 °C, regardless of the polymer structure. Glass‐transition temperatures ranged from −34.2 to 0.2 °C and could be lowered further (to −61 °C) with the help of a new diazidotetrazene energetic plasticizer. Interestingly, hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) enabled complete, room‐temperature depolymerization within 1 week. This depolymerization should enable the recycling of unused pyrotechnic compositions based on these new binders.
Ligand Control of Palladium‐Catalyzed Site‐Selective α‐ and γ‐Arylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones with (Hetero)aryl Halides
Authors: Yuen On Ying , So Chau Ming 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study describes the first palladium‐catalyzed, site‐selective α‐ and γ‐arylation of α,β‐unsaturated ketones with (hetero)aryl halides. A wide range of hetero(aryl)halides coupled with α,β‐unsaturated ketones, and transformation into the arylated products proceeded with excellent to good yields. The site selectivity of the reaction is switchable by simply changing the phosphine ligand to access either α‐arylated or γ‐arylated products in good to excellent yields by using a low catalyst loading, and the method demonstrates good functional‐group compatibility.
Low‐frequency ferroelectric switching studies in PVDF thin films across Cu or (Ag/Cu)/PVDF/Cu capacitor structures
Authors: Chikkonda Raghavendar , Ravindran Arun , Saikia Sumeer , Thankamani Sathyanathan Akhil Raman , Chelvane Arout , Subramanian Angappane , Kanakkappillavila Chinnayya James Raju , Gangineni Ramesh Babu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFerroelectric switching dynamics of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) thin films in Cu or (Ag/Cu)/PVDF/Cu capacitors are explored by varying PVDF film thickness, applied electric field amplitude (4.35–87.5 MV/m) and frequency (100 mHz–200 Hz). Comprehending spontaneous polarization and its dependence upon interfaces, an electric field is critical for organic ferroelectric memory devices. In this article, quasi‐static current–voltage, and polarization–electric field measurements are used to explain the relationship between the coercive field, signal amplitude, and frequency. The observed coercivity enhancement at lower PVDF film thicknesses and with rising frequencies of the applied signal is discussed with Kolmogorov‐Avrami‐Ishibashi domain nucleation and growth model. The relation between domain growth and the top electrode layer is further discussed from the exponent parameters.
Using the NIH Toolbox to Assess Cognition in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Solomon Marjorie , Gordon Andrew , Iosif Ana‐Maria , Geddert Raphael , Krug Marie K. , Mundy Peter , Hessl David 
Published: October 2020

Despite the clinically significant impact of executive dysfunction on the outcomes of adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), we lack a clear understanding of its prevalence, profile, and development. To address this gap, we administered the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery to a cross‐sectional Intelligence Quotient (IQ) case‐matched cohort with ASD (n = 66) and typical development (TD; n = 66) ages 12–22. We used a general linear model framework to examine group differences in task performance and their associations with age. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify subgroups of individuals with similar cognitive profiles. Compared to IQ case‐matched controls, ASD demonstrated poorer performance on inhibitory control (P < 0.001), cognitive flexibility (P < 0.001), episodic memory (P < 0.02), and processing speed (P < 0.001) (components of Fluid Cognition), but not on vocabulary or word reading (components of Crystallized Cognition). There was a significant positive association between age and Crystallized and Fluid Cognition in both groups. For Fluid (but not Crystallized) Cognition, ASD performed more poorly than TD at all ages. A four‐group LPA model based on subtest scores best fit the data. Eighty percent of ASD belonged to two groups that exhibited relatively stronger Crystallized versus Fluid Cognition. Attention deficits were not associated with Toolbox subtest scores, but were lowest in the group with the lowest proportion of autistic participants. Adaptive functioning was poorer in the groups with the greatest proportion of autistic participants. Autistic persons are especially impaired on Fluid Cognition, and this more flexible form of thinking remains poorer in the ASD group through adolescence.Lay SummaryA set of brief tests of cognitive functioning called the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery was administered to adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD; n = 66) and typical development (TD; n = 66) ages 12–22 years. Compared to TD, ASD showed poorer performance in inhibiting responses, acting flexibly, memorizing events, and processing information quickly (Fluid Cognition). Groups did not differ on vocabulary or word reading (Crystallized Cognition). Crystallized and Fluid Cognition increased with age in both groups, but the ASD group showed lower Fluid, but not Crystallized, Cognition than TD at all ages. A categorization analysis including all participants showed that most participants with ASD fell into one of two categories: a group characterized by poor performance across all tasks, or a group characterized by relatively stronger Crystallized compared to Fluid Cognition. Adaptive functioning was poorer for participants in these groups, which consisted of mostly individuals with ASD, while ADHD symptoms were lowest in the group with the greatest proportion of TD participants.
Intensified Downstream Processing of Monoclonal Antibodies Using Membrane Technology
Authors: Nadar Sathish , Shooter Gary , Somasundaram Balaji , Shave Evan , Baker Kym , Lua Linda H. L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe need to intensify downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies to complement the advances in upstream productivity has led to increased attention toward implementing membrane technologies. With the industry moving toward continuous operations and single use processes, membrane technologies show promise in fulfilling the industry needs due to their operational flexibility and ease of implementation. Recently, the applicability of membrane‐based unit operations in integrating the downstream process has been explored. In this article, the major developments in the application of membrane‐based technologies in the bioprocessing of monoclonal antibodies are reviewed. The recent progress toward developing intensified end‐to‐end bioprocesses and the critical role membrane technology will play in achieving this goal are focused upon.
Endovascular embolization of a lower limb arteriovenous fistula using a vascular plug deployed with a through‐and‐through arteriovenous access
Authors: Grandi Alessandro , Melloni Andrea , Chiesa Roberto , Bertoglio Luca 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA 66‐year‐old man was referred to our institution for a popliteal arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The patient presented with left lower limb edema associated with a pulsatile popliteal mass with bruit at auscultation, and no sign of lower limb ischemia. Relevant history included penetrating stabbing wound to that leg 50 years prior. A computed tomography scan demonstrated an AVF with a tract 10 mm in length and 6 mm in diameter at the level of the popliteal fossa. An AMPLATZER Vascular Plug III 12 mm (AVP ‐ AGA Medical Corporation, Minneapolis, MN) was initially deployed through a percutaneous femoral arterial access. Initial angiographic check showed inadequate sealing, so the plug was repositioned from the venous side of the AVF with a through‐and‐through arteriovenous access from the posterior tibial vein, achieving a correct sealing. At 24‐month follow‐up the patient does not present any complications from the procedure, and the AVF remains occluded.
Preparation of CoSnO3/CNTs/S and its Electrochemical Performance as Cathode Material for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Jiale , Bian Zhengxu , Wu Mengrong , Gao Mingyue , Shi Jing , Duan Mengting , Guo Xingmei , Liu Yuanjun , Zhang Junhao , Kong Qinghong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo address low electrical conductivity of sulfur and “poly‐sulfide shuttle” for constructing sulfur hosts with excellent cyclic stability, CoSnO3/CNTs composites are successfully synthesized by combining CoSnO3 cubes and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via coprecipitation and annealing process. CoSnO3 cubes are bound by continuous carbon nanotube networks, with high specific surface area and vast mesoporous. CoSnO3 with multiple polar active sites has a strong chemical adsorption effect on lithium polysulfide, suppressing the shuttle effect. The carbon nanotubes have continuous conductive networks, which can provide physical confinement with polysulfides and good electrical conductivity. Through the effective combination of advantages of CoSnO3 and carbon nanotubes, CoSnO3/CNTs/S exhibits excellent sulfur storage performance. The maximum discharge capacity of CoSnO3/CNTs/S is 453.3 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.2 C. After 500 cycles, the discharge specific capacity is still 377.7 mAh g−1. The simple synthesis of CoSnO3/CNTs/S with long cycle life provides a new direction for the future LSBs cathode material research.
Naphthalenediimides with Cyclic Oligochalcogenides in Their Core
Authors: Shybeka Inga , Aster Alexander , Cheng Yangyang , Sakai Naomi , Frontera Antonio , Vauthey Eric , Matile Stefan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNaphthalenediimides (NDIs) are privileged scaffolds par excellence, of use in functional systems from catalysts to ion channels, photosystems, sensors, ordered matter in all forms, tubes, knots, stacks, sheets, vesicles, and colored over the full visible range. Despite this extensively explored chemical space, there is still room to discover core‐substituted NDIs with fundamentally new properties: NDIs with cyclic trisulfides (i.e., trisulfanes) in their core absorb at 668 nm, emit at 801 nm, and contract into disulfides (i.e., dithietes) upon irradiation at <475 nm. Intramolecular 1,5‐chalcogen bonds account for record redshifts with trisulfides, ring‐tension mediated chalcogen‐bond‐mediated cleavage for blueshifts to 492 nm upon ring contraction. Cyclic oligochalcogenides (COCs) in the NDI core open faster than strained dithiolanes as in asparagusic acid and are much better retained on thiol exchange affinity columns. This makes COC‐NDIs attractive not only within the existing multifunctionality, particularly artificial photosystems, but also for thiol‐mediated cellular uptake.
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence from d10‐Metal Carbene Complexes through Intermolecular Charge Transfer and Multicolor Emission with a Monomer–Dimer Equilibrium
Authors: Cao Lei , Huang Shiqing , Liu Wei , Zhao Hongyan , Xiong Xiao‐Gen , Zhang Jian‐Ping , Fu Li‐Min , Yan Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA series of two‐coordinate AuIand CuIcomplexes (3 a,3 band5 a,5 b) are reported as new organometallic thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, which are based on the carbene–metal–carbazole model with a pyridine‐fused 1,2,3‐triazolylidene (PyTz) ligand. PyTz features low steric hindrance and a low‐energy LUMO (LUMO=−1.47 eV) located over the π* orbitals of the whole ligand, which facilitates intermolecular charge transfer between a donor (carbazole) and an accepter (PyTz). These compounds exhibit efficient TADF with microsecond lifetimes. Temperature‐dependent photoluminescence kinetics of3 asupports a rather small energy gap between S1and T1(ΔE=60 meV). Further experiments reveal that there are dual‐emission properties from a monomer–dimer equilibrium in solution, exhibiting single‐component multicolor emission from blue to orange, including white‐light emission.
Accurate Modelling of Group Electrostatic Potential and Distributed Polarizability in Dipeptides
Authors: Jabłuszewska Angelika , Krawczuk Anna , Dos Santos Leonardo H. R. , Macchi Piero 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the groups of Dr. Anna Krawczuk (Jagiellonian University, Poland), Prof. Leonardo H. R. Dos Santos (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil) and Prof. Piero Macchi (Polytechnics of Milan, Italy). The image shows electrostatic potentials and distributed polarizabilities of dipeptides reconstructed from functional‐group methods based on quantum theory of atoms in molecules. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.202000441.
Tackling the Mouse‐on‐Mouse Problem in Cochlear Immunofluorescence: A Simple Double‐Blocking Protocol for Immunofluorescent Labeling of Murine Cochlear Sections with Primary Mouse Antibodies
Authors: Bassiouni Mohamed , Stölzel Katharina , Smorodchenko Alina , Olze Heidi , Szczepek Agnieszka J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe mouse is the most widely used animal model in hearing research. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent staining of murine cochlear sections have, thus, remained a backbone of inner ear research. Since many primary antibodies are raised in mouse, the problem of “mouse‐on‐mouse” background arises due to the interaction between the anti‐mouse secondary antibody and the native mouse immunoglobulins. Here, we describe the pattern of mouse‐on‐mouse background fluorescence in sections of the postnatal mouse cochlea. Furthermore, we describe a simple double‐blocking immunofluorescence protocol to label mouse cochlear cryosections. The protocol contains a conventional blocking step with serum, and an additional blocking step with a commercially available anti‐mouse IgG blocking reagent. This blocking technique virtually eliminates the “mouse‐on‐mouse” background in murine cochlear sections, while adding only a little time to the staining protocol. We provide detailed instructions and practical tips for tissue harvesting, processing, and immunofluorescence‐labeling. Further protocol modifications are described, to shorten the duration of the protocol, based on the primary antibody incubation temperature. Finally, we demonstrate examples of immunofluorescence staining performed using different incubation times and various incubation temperatures with a commercially available mouse monoclonal primary antibody. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol: Tackling the Mouse‐on‐Mouse Problem in Cochlear Immunofluorescence: A Simple Double‐Blocking Protocol for Immunofluorescent Labeling of Murine Cochlear Sections with Primary Mouse Antibodies
The Doubly Excited State in Singlet Fission
Authors: Sandoval‐Salinas María E. , Casanova David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn recent years, a variety of studies have investigated in great depth the details of singlet fission mechanisms in terms of electronic energies and couplings. The nature and properties of the triplet‐pair intermediate state or the role of charge separated configurations (CT states) have been extensively explored with the help of theoretical models, ab initio calculations, and experimental characterization. On the other hand, much less is known about the involvement of the localized double electron excitation, that is the D state. In organic conjugated molecules, the D state can be typically described as the HOMO‐to‐LUMO promotion of two electrons, which makes it inactive to photoabsorption (dark state). In the present study, we tackle the possible roles of the D state by means of electronic structure calculations and the simulation of singlet fission dynamics. Our results suggest that, indeed, the D state can have a significant impact on singlet fission. On one hand, if it lies energetically below the optical exciton it is able to drive the system to singlet fission through direct coupling or via a CT‐mediated path. The D state can also act as a mediator in the formation of the triplet‐pair state from initial photoactivation. These results should motivate researchers in the field to include this state in their analysis, and help to clarify electronic mechanisms in singlet fission materials.
Joint beacon frequency and beacon transmission power adaptation for internet of vehicles
Authors: Rawat Gopal Singh , Singh Karan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInternet of Vehicles (IoV) has emerged as a research field studied to improve vehicle connectivity while ensuring traffic safety. It uses vehicular ad hoc networks as communication technology. The vehicular communication achieves awareness among vehicles with the help of a periodic one‐hop broadcast of beacons. The highly dynamic vehicular environment poses challenges to a vehicular network in the IoV. The shared channel used for beacon transmission can get congested, leading to delay and beacon loss, resulting in the degradation of network performance and related applications. The proposed scheme proactively monitors the network, and with the help of local information adapts the transmission parameters. The proposed scheme is a joint beacon frequency and beacon transmission power adaptation (JFTP) based on the channel usage estimation and transmission parameter adaptation with the help of the adaptation fraction parameter. JFTP is a proactive and lightweight congestion control scheme. The performance analysis of JFTP is done through simulations confirming its effectiveness.
Does export upgrading really matter to economic growth? Evidence from panel data for high‐, middle‐ and low‐income countries
Authors: Chakroun Mohamed , Chrid Naima , Saafi Sami 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this study is to examine the long‐run relationship between export upgrading and economic growth for 67 countries over the period of 1984–2013. For this purpose, a panel cointegration framework that allows to control for parameters heterogeneity, cross‐sectional dependence and non‐stationarity has been deployed. Empirical results yield evidence of a positive and significant effect of export upgrading on economic growth for the full‐sample and high‐income panels, while this effect is negative and significant for low‐income countries and insignificant for middle‐income countries. Particularly, our findings show evidence of an inverted U‐shaped relationship for the global and high‐income panels. However, for low‐income countries relationship between export complexity and economic growth was found to be U‐shaped. These results are robust to several robustness checks and have important policy implications. In developed countries, excessive export complexity may be job‐destructive, and thereby threatens long‐run growth and prosperity. For non‐developed countries, exports' diversification should be prioritized during the first stages of development. Industrial upgrading should not be considered as a strategic economic policy before the economy reaches a minimum level of maturity.
Inside Cover
Authors: Zhu Jun , Bernucci Marcel T. , Merkle Conrad W. , Srinivasan Vivek J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOptical Coherence Tomography angiography (OCTA) is widely used to image chorioretinal vasculature, with contrast that derives from scattering and motion of red blood cells (RBCs). In the rat eye, a scattering tracer highlights vertical vessels which are not visualized by intrinsic RBC scattering alone. The dependence of microvessel OCTA on angular orientation, explored in this work, represents a potential artifact that should be considered in the clinical interpretation of OCTA.Further details can be found in the article by Jun Zhu, Marcel T. Bernucci, Conrad W. Merkle, and Vivek J. Srinivasan (e202000090).
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Inside Cover
Authors: Zharkikh Elena , Dremin Viktor , Zherebtsov Evgeny , Dunaev Andrey , Meglinski Igor 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBiophotonics technologies allow obtaining clinically important diagnostic information about pathological changes that occur in diabetes mellitus, including impaired tissue perfusion and oxygen saturation, structural and functional changes. A review presents the current state‐of‐the‐art in biophotonics technologies and their transfer to clinical use to identify the complications of diabetes mellitus, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease as well as the methods used in the evaluation of foot ulceration and wound healing processes. Further details can be found in the article by Elena Zharkikh, Viktor Dremin, Evgeny Zherebtsov, Andrey Dunaev, and Igor Meglinski (e202000203).image
Efficient synthesis of an antiviral drug intermediate using overexpressed short‐chain dehydrogenase and cross‐linked enzyme aggregates stabilization
Authors: Wu Kai , Hu Xiaozhi , Yang Zhijun , Huang Junhai , Wang Xiaojing , Shao Lei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUND(2R,3S)‐N‐tert‐Butoxycarbonyl‐3‐amino‐1‐chloro‐2‐hydroxy‐4‐phenylbutane (1b) is key for the synthesis of the antiviral drug atazanavir. It can be obtained via the stereoselective bioreduction of (3S)‐3‐(N‐Boc‐amino)‐1‐chloro‐4‐phenyl‐butanone (1a) with short‐chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) (EC 1.1.1.1). To develop a practical and cost‐effective biocatalytic approach with high stability and reusability, an SDR mutant (muSDR) from Novosphingobium aromaticivorans was overexpressed in Escherichia coli cell and immobilized by cross‐linked enzyme aggregates with enhanced stability and high efficiency.RESULTSmuSDR gene was successfully cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli and reduced 1a to 1b with high stereoselectivity. Four resin‐bound muSDR and cross‐linked muSDR aggregates (muSDR‐CLEAs) were prepared and compared. With addition of Tween‐80, the muSDR‐CLEAs demonstrated much higher activity recovery than resin‐bound muSDR. Compared with free enzyme, muSDR‐CLEAs demonstrated enhanced thermal, pH, and storage stabilities and could obtain 1b with high substrate concentration, high de, and complete conversion. The reusability of CLEAs was also determined as no significant activity loss was observed after seven batches of reactions. The space time yield of the bioreduction using muSDR‐CLEAs was 226.6 g∙L−1∙day−1.CONCLUSIONOverexpressed muSDR was efficiently immobilized, and it demonstrated superior stability and reusability. The recombinant muSDR and muSDR‐CLEAs are practical potential biocatalysts for industrial production of the atazanavir precursor. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
Discovery of novel 3‐{[(5,5‐dimethyl‐4,5‐dihydroisoxazol‐3‐yl)sulfonyl]methyl}benzo[d]isoxazole analogs as promising very long chain fatty acids inhibitors
Authors: Lin Jian , Li Yitao , Hu Xiaoyun , Chi Weilin , Zeng Shuiming , Xu Junxing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVery long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are one of the most principal and promising targets for herbicides discovery. In order to explore and find novel VLCFAs inhibitors with higher herbicidal activity and improved crop safety, a variety of new 3‐{[(5,5‐dimethyl‐4,5‐dihydroisoxazol‐3‐yl)sulfonyl]methyl}benzo[d]isoxazole derivatives were reasonably designed and synthesized. The results of greenhouse experiments indicated that several compounds exhibited good herbicidal activity against Digitaria sanguinalis, Echinochloa crus‐galli, and Setaria faberii at rates of 150 g ai/ha. Compounds g4 and h1 displayed promising herbicidal activity against D sanguinalis and E crus‐galli at rates of 75 g ai/ha, which is better than commercial pyroxasulfone and S‐metolachlor. Moreover, compound h1 displayed higher activity against E crus‐galli, D sanguinalis, and S faberii than pyroxasulfone and S‐metolachlor even at a rate of 37.5 and 18.75 g ai/ha. Furthermore, both of the compounds g4 and h1 were much safer to these tested crops, especially to rice, wheat and rape, at the rate of 150 g ai/ha than pyroxasulfone. Therefore, h1 may act as a new lead structure for novel herbicides discovery.