bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterioplankton reveal years-long retention of Atlantic deep-ocean water by the Tropic Seamount
Authors: Giljan Greta , Kamennaya Nina A. , Otto Andreas , Becher Dörte , Ellrott Andreas , Meyer Volker , Murton Bramley J. , Fuchs Bernhard M. , Amann Rudolf I. , Zubkov Mikhail V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSeamounts, often rising hundreds of metres above surrounding seafloor, obstruct the flow of deep-ocean water. While the retention of deep-water by seamounts is predicted from ocean circulation models, its empirical validation has been hampered by large scale and slow rate of the interaction. To overcome these limitations we use the growth of planktonic bacteria to assess the retention time of deep-ocean water by a seamount. The selected Tropic Seamount in the North-Eastern Atlantic is representative for the majority of isolated seamounts, which do not affect the surface ocean waters. We prove deep-water is retained by the seamount by measuring 2.4× higher bacterial concentrations in the seamount-associated or ‘sheath’-water than in deep-ocean water unaffected by seamounts. Genomic analyses of flow-sorted, dominant sheath-water bacteria confirm their planktonic origin, whilst proteomic analyses of the sheath-water bacteria, isotopically labelled in situ, indicate their slow growth. According to our radiotracer experiments, it takes the sheath-water bacterioplankton 1.5 years to double their concentration. Therefore, the seamount should retain the deep-ocean water for 1.8 years for the deep-ocean bacterioplankton to grow to the 2.4× higher concentration in the sheath-water. We propose that turbulent mixing of the seamount sheath-water stimulates bacterioplankton growth by increasing cell encounter rate with ambient dissolved organic molecules.
Cell-bound IgE and plasma IgE as a combined clinical diagnostic indicator for allergic patients
Authors: Qiu Chuanghua , Zhong Lihong , Huang Chunxiu , Long Jia , Ye Xuejun , Wu Jingbo , Dai Wenjie , Lv Wei , Xie Chongwei , Zhang Junfang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAllergic responses are mainly caused by IgE, which is often located on the cell surface. The current diagnostic method detects both allergen-specific IgE and total IgE levels, but a number of allergic patients have a normal serum IgE level, which is a poor clinical correlate for allergy. Here, we developed a simple method to detect the level of cell-bound IgE by dissociating it from blood cells with lactic acid. Dissociated cell-bound IgE and plasma IgE levels were detected using the same ELISA kit at the same time. We established two clinical cohorts: an allergic patient group and a healthy participant group. In general, cell-bound IgE correlated well with plasma IgE; however, some patients exhibited high cell-bound IgE levels but low plasma IgE levels. We recommended 350 ng/mL peripheral blood total IgE (cell-bound IgE + plasma IgE) as the cut-off value for allergy diagnosis. Using this indicator, 90.32% of our allergic patients were correctly diagnosed. The peripheral blood total IgE level is a promising clinical diagnostic indicator in allergic patients and will provide more guidance for allergy diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.
Toward Enhanced State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Optimized Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Hannan M. A. , Lipu M. S. Hossain , Hussain Aini , Ker Pin Jern , Mahlia T. M. I. , Mansor M. , Ayob Afida , Saad Mohamad H. , Dong Z. Y. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractState of charge (SOC) is a crucial index used in the assessment of electric vehicle (EV) battery storage systems. Thus, SOC estimation of lithium-ion batteries has been widely investigated because of their fast charging, long-life cycle, and high energy density characteristics. However, precise SOC assessment of lithium-ion batteries remains challenging because of their varying characteristics under different working environments. Machine learning techniques have been widely used to design an advanced SOC estimation method without the information of battery chemical reactions, battery models, internal properties, and additional filters. Here, the capacity of optimized machine learning techniques are presented toward enhanced SOC estimation in terms of learning capability, accuracy, generalization performance, and convergence speed. We validate the proposed method through lithium-ion battery experiments, EV drive cycles, temperature, noise, and aging effects. We show that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches in terms of accuracy, adaptability, and robustness under diverse operating conditions.
Western diet induces severe nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, ductular reaction, and hepatic fibrosis in liver CGI-58 knockout mice
Authors: Yang Pan , Wang Youlin , Tang Weiqing , Sun Weiwei , Ma Yinyan , Lin Shu , Jing Jia , Jiang Long , Shi Hang , Song Zhiyuan , Yu Liqing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHumans and rodents with Comparative Gene Identification-58 (CGI-58) mutations manifest nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here we show that liver CGI-58 knockout (LivKO) mice fed a Western diet rapidly develop advanced NAFLD, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatic fibrosis. After 14 weeks of diet challenge, starting at 6 weeks of age, LivKO mice showed increased inflammatory cell infiltration and proinflammatory gene expression in the liver, which was associated with elevated plasma levels of aminotransferases. Hepatic ductular reactions, pericellular fibrosis, and bridging fibrosis were observed only in the LivKO mice. Consistently, the KO mice had a significant increase in hepatic mRNAs for fibrogenic genes. In addition, LivKO mice displayed massive accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in hepatocytes. LDs were also observed in the cholangiocytes of the LivKO mice, but not the floxed controls. Four of the five LD coat proteins, including perilipins 2, 3, 4, and 5, were increased in the CGI-58 KO liver. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of CGI-58 in Huh7 human hepatoma cells induced LD deposition and perilipin expression, suggesting a cell autonomous effect. Our findings establish the Western diet-fed LivKO mice as an animal model of NASH and hepatic fibrosis. These animals may facilitate preclinical screening of therapeutic agents that counter against NAFLD progression.
Significance of depth of invasion determined by MRI in cT1N0 tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Chunmiao , Yuan Junhui , Kang Liuqing , Zhang Xiaoxian , Wang Lifeng , Chen Xuejun , Yao Qi , Li Hailiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDepth of invasion (DOI) can be calculated preoperatively by MRI, and whether MRI-determined DOI can predict prognosis as well as whether it can be used as an indicator of neck dissection in cT1N0 tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) remains unknown. The main goal of the current study was to answer these unknowns. A total of 151 patients with surgically treated cT1N0 tongue SCC were retrospectively enrolled, and MRI-determined DOI was measured based on T1-weighted layers with a 3.0T scan. The Chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between clinical pathologic variables and neck lymph node metastasis, and the factors that were significant in the Chi-square test were then analyzed in a multivariate logistic regression analysis model to determine the independent predictors. The main study endpoints were locoregional control (LRC) and disease-specific survival (DSS), and the Kaplan-Meier method (log-rank test) was used to calculate the LRC and DSS rates. The factors that were significant in univariate analysis were then analyzed in the Cox model to determine the independent prognostic factors. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant, and all statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 20.0. Occult neck lymph node metastasis was noted in 26 (17.2%) patients, and the ROC curve indicated that the optimal cutoff value of MRI-determined DOI was 7.5 mm for predicting neck lymph node metastasis, with a sensitivity of 86.9%. The factors of lymphovascular invasion, MRI-determined DOI, pathologic DOI, and pathologic tumor grade were significantly associated with the presence of neck lymph node metastasis in univariate analysis, and further logistic regression analysis confirmed the independence of lymphovascular invasion, MRI-determined DOI, and pathologic DOI in predicting neck lymph node metastasis. The 5-year LRC and DSS rates were 84% and 90%, respectively. Cox model analysis suggested the MRI-determined DOI was an independent prognostic factor for both LRC and DSS. Therefore, elective neck dissection is suggested if MRI-determined DOI is greater than 7.5 mm in cT1N0 tongue SCC, and MRI-determined DOI ≥ 7.5 mm indicates additional risk for disease recurrence and cancer-related death.
Characterization of pulmonary immune responses to hyperoxia by high-dimensional mass cytometry analyses
Authors: Hanidziar D. , Nakahori Y. , Cahill L. A. , Gallo D. , Keegan J. W. , Nguyen J. P. , Otterbein L. E. , Lederer J. A. , Robson S. C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProlonged exposure to hyperoxia has deleterious effects on the lung, provoking both inflammation and alveolar injury. The elements of hyperoxic injury, which result in high rates of lethality in experimental models, are thought to include multicellular immune responses. To characterize these alterations in immune cell populations, we performed time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF) analysis of CD45-expressing immune cells in whole lung parenchyma and the bronchoalveolar space of mice, exposed to 48 hours of hyperoxia together with normoxic controls. At the tested time point, hyperoxia exposure resulted in decreased abundance of immunoregulatory populations (regulatory B cells, myeloid regulatory cells) in lung parenchyma and markedly decreased proliferation rates of myeloid regulatory cells, monocytes and alveolar macrophages. Additionally, hyperoxia caused a shift in the phenotype of alveolar macrophages, increasing proportion of cells with elevated CD68, CD44, CD11c, PD-L1, and CD205 expression levels. These changes occurred in the absence of histologically evident alveolar damage and abundance of neutrophils in the parenchyma or alveolar space did not change at these time points. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that pulmonary response to hyperoxia involves marked changes in specific subsets of myeloid and lymphoid populations. These findings have important implications for therapeutic targeting in acute lung injury.
Treatment Strategy for Petroclival Meningiomas Based on a Proposed Classification in a Study of 168 Cases
Authors: Zhao Zijin , Yuan Xianrui , Yuan Jian , Cai Li , Jiang Weixi , Xie Yuanyang , Wanggou Siyi , Zhang Chi , Tang Guodong , Li Haoyu , Peng Zefeng , Li Xuejun , Liu Qing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPetroclival meningiomas (PCMs) are regarded as one of the most formidable challenges in neurosurgery. We retrospectively assessed the surgical outcomes of PCMs based on a tumor classification to evaluate the long-term outcomes. A series of 168 patients with PCMs from July 1996 to January 2017. On the basis of the difference in the origin of dural attachment and patterns of growth, the PCMs were classified into 4 different types. The clinical characteristics, surgical record, and follow-up data of each type were reviewed. The study included 138 females (82.1%) with an average age of 49.9 ± 16.2 years. And 138 cases (82.1%) had developed neurological deficits preoperatively with the average tumor size of 44.0 ± 10.6 mm. Specific surgical approaches were applied depended on the tumor classification. Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 119 cases (70.8%) with the complications of 46 cases (27.7%). With a median follow-up of 86.5 months, there were 41 cases of recurrence/progress (25.7%) and 39 cases of morbidity (26.4%). Compared with the non-GTR group, the GTR significantly decreased the R/P rate (P = 0.001), prolonged the R/P-FS time (P = 0.032) and improved the follow-up neurological status (P = 0.026). Favorable outcomes and acceptable morbidity were achieved with the treatment strategy of the choice of specific approaches for each type. Meanwhile, the differences of each type in diverse clinical characteristic were verified. Individualized assessment and suitable approach choice should be based on the tumor classification to improved the GTR and quality of life for patients.
Evaluating the effects of smoking on the voice and subjective voice problems using a meta-analysis approach
Authors: Byeon Haewon , Cha Seulki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to identify the effects of smoking on the voice of smokers and present the baseline data for establishing the basis for preventing voice disorders. This study was evaluated using a meta-analysis from studies published between Jan 1, 2000, and Nov 15, 2018. As a result, the final meta-analysis was conducted using nine papers. The standard mean difference was analyzed after dividing the effects of smoking on voice into the pitch (F0), sound quality (jitter, shimmer, and noise to harmonic ratio; NHR), Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), and subjective voice problem. The results showed that there was a significant difference in F0 and MPT. On the other hand, the jitter, shimmer, NHR, and Voice Handicap Index (VHI) had different mean effect size but they were not significantly different. The analysis by sub-function of VHI results showed that the mean effect size was significantly different only in VHI-P (Physical). This study evaluated the effects of smoking on voice using meta-analysis. It was confirmed that smoking had significant and moderate effects on the F0 of voice, MPT, VHI, and physical functions. It is necessary for future meta-analysis studies to conduct randomized controlled experiments or longitudinal studies to confirm the effect sizes of variables.
Mineralogy and Stable Isotopes of Tetradymite from the Dashuigou Tellurium Deposit, Tibet Plateau, Southwest China
Authors: Yin Jianzhao , Shi Hongyun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDue to the very limited quantity of associated tetradymite, both mineralogical and geochemical research on tetradymite is scarce and incomplete. By taking advantage of the discovery of the Dashuigou tellurium deposit in Tibet Plateau, the authors conducted mineralogical studies on tetradymite. The authors present new mineralogical data including reflectance, micro-pressure hardness, chemical compositions focusing on its chemical formula Bi2.00Te1.89S0.95~1.00, unit cell parameters (a = 4.239 Å, c = 29.595 Å) and lattice parameters (a = 10.172 Å, v = 154.391 Å3), pyroelectricity (N type), and stable isotopes including sulfur and lead. The authors find that: δ34S‰ of tetradymite varies between −0.5~2.1 with a 15-sample average of 0.56, similar to that of meteorites and rocks from the mantle, indicating that the sulfur is from the mantle; lead isotopes of the tetradymite formed in the late metallogenic epoch is different from that of both pyrite and pyrrhotite formed in the early metallogenic epoch, further indicating that the three minerals formed in different metallogenic epochs; lead isotope compositions reveal that tellurium ore bodies emplaced in a quick process mainly in the form of ore magma; lead of the deposit is primarily from the mantle with some captured from the Earth’s crust. These findings help fill in large gaps of information for the mineral tetradymite.
High prevalence of Clostridiodes diffiicle PCR ribotypes 001 and 126 in Iran
Authors: Baghani Akram , Mesdaghinia Alireza , Kuijper Ed. J. , Aliramezani Amir , Talebi Malihe , Douraghi Masoumeh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractClostridium difficile is a leading causative agent of hospital-acquired and community-acquired diarrhea in human. This study aims to characterize the predominant C. difficile strains, RT001 and 126, circulating in Iranian hospitals in relation to resistant phenotypes, the antibiotic resistance genes, and their genetic relatedness. A total number of 735 faecal specimens were collected from patients suspected of CDI in Tehran hospitals. Typing and subtyping of the strains were performed using CE-PCR ribotyping and MLVA, respectively, followed by PCR assays for ARGs and indicators of Tns. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of five antibiotics were determined by MIC Test Strips. Among 65 strains recovered from CDI patients, RT001 (32.3%) and RT126 (9.2%) were found as the most frequent ribotypes, and 64 MLVA types were identified. Using MLVA, RT001 and RT126 were subtyped into 6 and 4 groups, respectively. The vanA, nim, tetM, gyrA, gyrB genes were detected in 24.6%, 0%, 89.2%, 95.3%, and 92.3% of the strains, respectively. The indicators of Tns including vanHAX, tndX, and int were found in 0%, 3% and 29.2% of the strains, respectively. The most common amino acid (AA) alterations of GyrA and GyrB were related to substitutions of Thr82 → Val and Ser366 → Val, respectively. Resistance rate to metronidazole, vancomycin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and moxifloxacin was 81.5%, 30.7%, 85%, 79%, and 74%, respectively. This study, for the first time revealed the subtypes of circulating RT001 and RT126 in Iran. It is of importance that the majority of the strains belonging to RT001 were multidrug resistant (MDR). This study also pointed to the intra-hospital dissemination of the strains belonging to RT001 and RT126 for short and long periods, respectively, using MLVA. The most important resistance phenotypes observed in this study was vancomycin-resistant phenotypes. Resistance to metronidazole was also high and highlights the need to determine its resistance mechanisms in the future studies.
Superconductivity in a uranium containing high entropy alloy
Authors: Nelson W. L. , Chemey A. T. , Hertz M. , Choi E. , Graf D. E. , Latturner S. , Albrecht-Schmitt T. E. , Wei K. , Baumbach R. E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHigh entropy alloys (HEA) are an unusual class of materials where mixtures of elements are stochastically arrayed on a simple crystalline lattice. These systems exhibit remarkable functionality, often along several distinct axes: e.g., the examples [TaNb]1-x(TiZrHf)x are high strength and damage resistant refractory metals that also exhibit superconductivity with large upper critical fields. Here we report the discovery of an f-electron containing HEA, [TaNb]0.31(TiUHf)0.69, which is the first to include an actinide ion. Similar to the Zr-analogue, this material crystallizes in a body-centered cubic lattice with the lattice constant a = 3.41(1) Å and exhibits phonon mediated superconductivity with a transition temperatures Tc ≈ 3.2 K and upper critical fields Hc2 ≈ 6.4 T. These results expand this class of materials to include actinide elements, shows that superconductivity is robust in this sub-group, and opens the path towards leveraging HEAs as functional waste forms for a variety of radioisotopes.
Synergic pro-apoptotic effects of Ferulic Acid and nanostructured lipid carrier in glioblastoma cells assessed through molecular and Delayed Luminescence studies
Authors: Grasso Rosaria , Dell’Albani Paola , Carbone Claudia , Spatuzza Michela , Bonfanti Roberta , Sposito Giovanni , Puglisi Giovanni , Musumeci Francesco , Scordino Agata , Campisi Agata 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHerein, we assessed the effect of Ferulic Acid (FA), a natural antioxidant with anti-cancer effect, on the human glioblastoma cells through molecular and Delayed Luminescence (DL) studies. DL, a phenomenon of ultra-week emission of optical photons, was used to monitor mitochondrial assessment. The effect of FA loaded in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) was also assessed. To validate NLCs as a drug delivery system for glioblastoma treatment, particular attention was focused on their effect. We found that free FA induced a significant decrease in c-Myc and Bcl-2 expression levels accompanied by the apoptotic pathway activation. Blank NLCs, even if they did not induce cytotoxicity and caspase-3 cleavage, decreased Bcl-2, ERK1/2, c-Myc expression levels activating PARP-1 cleavage. The changes in DL intensity and kinetics highlighted a possible effect of nanoparticle matrix on mitochondria, through the involvement of the NADH pool and ROS production that, in turn, activates ERK1/2 pathways. All the effects on protein expression levels and on the activation of apoptotic pathway appeared more evident when the cells were exposed to FA loaded in NLCs. We demonstrated that the observed effects are due to a synergic pro-apoptotic influence exerted by FA, whose bio-availability increases in the glioblastoma cells, and NLCs formulation.
Higher admission rates and in-hospital mortality for acute type A aortic dissection during Influenza season: a single center experience
Authors: Ashur Carmel , Norton Elizabeth , Farhat Linda , Conlon Anna , Willer Cristen , Froehlich James B. , Pinsky David J. , Kim Karen M. , Fukuhara Shinichi , Deeb Michael G. , Patel Himanshu , Eagle Kim A. , Yang Bo , Hofmann Bowman Marion A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTriggering events for acute aortic dissections are incompletely understood. We sought to investigate whether there is an association between admission for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) to the University of Michigan Medical Center and the reported annual influenza activity by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. From 1996–2019 we had 758 patients admitted for ATAAD with 3.1 admissions per month during November-March and 2.5 admissions per month during April-October (p = 0.01). Influenza reporting data by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services became available in 2009. ATAAD admissions for the period 2009–2019 (n = 455) were 4.8 cases/month during peak influenza months compared to 3.5 cases/month during non-peak influenza months (p = 0.001). ATAAD patients admitted during influenza season had increased in-hospital mortality (11.0% vs. 5.8%, p = 0.024) and increased 30-day mortality (9.7 vs. 5.4%, p = 0.048). The results point to higher admission rates for ATAAD during months with above average influenza rates. Future studies need to investigate whether influenza virus infection affects susceptibility for aortic dissection, and whether this risk can be attenuated with the annual influenza vaccine in this patient population.
Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations correlate with declining nutritional status of European forests
Authors: Penuelas Josep , Fernández-Martínez Marcos , Vallicrosa Helena , Maspons Joan , Zuccarini Paolo , Carnicer Jofre , Sanders Tanja G. M. , Krüger Inken , Obersteiner Michael , Janssens Ivan A. , Ciais Philippe , Sardans Jordi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe drivers of global change, including increases in atmospheric CO2concentrations, N and S deposition, and climate change, likely affect the nutritional status of forests. Here we show forest foliar concentrations of N, P, K, S and Mg decreased significantly in Europe by 5%, 11%, 8%, 6% and 7%, respectively during the last three decades. The decrease in nutritional status was especially large in Mediterranean and temperate forests. Increasing atmospheric CO2concentration was well correlated with the decreases in N, P, K, Mg, S concentrations and the increase of N:P ratio. Regional analyses indicated that increases in some foliar nutrient concentrations such as N, S and Ca in northern Europe occurred associated with increasingly favourable conditions of mean annual precipitation and temperature. Crucial changes in forest health, structure, functioning and services, including negative feedbacks on C capture can be expected if these trends are not reversed.