bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood flow Rate Intraoperatif Sebagai Prediktor Maturitas Arteriovenous Fistula Brakiosefalika Pada Penderita Nefropati Diabetik
Authors: Harisandi Sandra , Pratama Dedy 
Published: July 2020

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan untuk melakukan pengkajian nilai batasan blood flow rate (BFR) intraoperatif menggunakan ultrasonografi Doppler dalam memprediksi maturitas fistula brakiosefalika dengan sampel yang lebih besar dan lebih spesifik untuk mendapatkan nilai dengan tingkat error dan bias lebih rendah, sehingga dapat dijadikan referensi di divisi Bedah Vaskular RSCM.
Metode: Dilakukan studi potong lintang analitik di Divisi Vaskular Departemen Ilmu Bedah FKUI-RSCM, Jakarta yang melibatkan semua penderita gagal ginjal stadium 4-5 akibat nefropati diabetik yang akan dihemodialisis dengan akses vaskular fistula brakiosefalika.
Hasil: Terdapat 71 subjek dengan rerata BFR 249,15 + 86,86 mL/menit, rerata diameter arteri 3,3 mm (2,0–7,4 mm) dan rerata diameter vena 3 mm (2,1–5,6 mm). Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa hanya BFR yang berhubungan bermakna dengan maturitas AVF (p<0,001). Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas tertinggi BFR intraoperatif di 211,3 mL/menit. Nilai ini yang selanjutnya ditentukan sebagai cut-off value untuk batasan prediksi maturitas (95,45%, 92,59%) dengan positive predictive value sebesar 95,5% dan negative predictive value sebesar 92,6%.
Simpulan: BFR intraoperatif menggunakan ultrasonografi Doppler sesaat setelah kreasi AVF brakiosefalika memprediksi maturasi jangka pendek dengan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas >80%.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kanamisin Oral Sebelum Operasi pada Persiapan Kolon Mekanik Terhadap Konsentrasi Bakteri Kolon dan Rektum
Authors: Herizal Hendra , Usman Nurhayat , Purnama Andriana 
Published: July 2020

Background. For decades, ??colorectal surgical procedures have been associated with high postoperative infections complication. This is expected because of the large number of bacteria in the colon and rectum content. The aim of this study was to investigate wether preoperative oral kanamycin can reduce colonic bacterial concentration, furthermore reduce postoperative infection complication in colorectal malignancy patients who will be performed elective surgical tumor removal.
Method. This was an experimental, pre-post test with control group desiagn study, ie groups of patient that prepared with mechanical bowel preparation and administration of oral Kanamycin 3 x 2000 mg a day before the operation day and group of patient that prepared with mechanical bowel preparation only. This study was comparing the concentration of bacteria in the colon and postoperative infection incidence between the two groups.
Result. Thirty two patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups, the treatment group and the control group. Obtained equitable distribution of age, sex, tumor location and type of surgery. There was significant bacterial concentration reduction difference between two groups (p = 0.01). There was significant surgical site infection (SSI) incidence difference between two groups, 5 patients (31,3 %) developed an SSI in treatment group and 11 patients (68,8 %) in control group (p=0,03), with OR 0,21 ( CI 95%; 0,046-0,92).
Conclusion. Preoperative oral kanamycin could reduce colonic bacteria concentration and SSI incidence in patients with colorectal malignancy who would be performed elective surgical tumor removal. Thus, these methods can be considered its use as a colorectal surgery preparation procedures.
Keberhasilan Venoplasti untuk Mengatasi Stenosis Akibat Pemasangan CDL pada Vena Sentral di Rumah Sakit Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
Authors: Megatia Ika , Darwis Patrianef 
Published: July 2020

Latar Belakang: Dalam lima tahun terakhir, pengunaan kateter pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) di RSCM kerap diikuti stenosis vena sentral (SVS, 60-70%). Sejak 2013 SVS ditangani melalui prosedur venoplasti, namun belum ada evaluasi keberhasilan. Penelitian ini ditujukan melakukan evaluasi keberhasilan venoplasti dan faktor risiko terjadinya stenosis. Metode: Dilakukan studi deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang melibatkan pasien PGK stadium 4-5 yang terdiagnosis simptomatik SVS, secara klinis dan radiologis, yang memiliki risiko stenosis, memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi serta menjalankan venoplasti. Variabel independen yaitu onset gejala, jenis, lokasi, durasi dan frekuensi pemasangan kateter. Variabel dependen adalah keberhasilan venoplasti dinilai dengan residual stenosis <30%. Data dianalisis secara statistik dengan p = 0,05.
Hasil: Tercatat 34 subjek, 73,5% berusia >60 tahun, 61,8% laki-laki dan 70,6% memiliki hipertensi sebagai etiologi PGK. Angka berhasilan venoplasti 85,3%, nilai rerata initial stenosis adalah 79,1±13,8% dan median residual stenosis 24,5% dengan range 10-90%. Letak stenosis terbanyak di vena subklavia (47,1%). Tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna terhadap keberhasilan venoplasti, namun angka ketidakberhasilan venoplasti yang lebih tinggi ditemukan pada lokasi di vena subklavia (OR 2,45; p = 0,627) dan frekuensi pemasangan kateter >2 kali (OR 1,85; p = 0,648).
Simpulan: Keberhasilan venoplasti pada SVS 85,3% dengan keberhasilan ditemukan dua kali lebih tinggi pada implantasi di vena subklavia dan frekuensi > 2 kali. Namun pada studi ini tidak bermakna secara statistik. Ketidakberhasilan venoplasti lebih sering ditemukan pada subjek dengan pemasangan kateter di vena subklavia, durasi pemasangan panjang, onset gejala lambat dan riwayat pemasangan berulang.
Evaluasi Penatalaksanaan Insufisiensi Vena Kronis C5-C6 pada tahun 2014-2015 di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta
Authors: Prabowo Andrio Wishnu , Suhartono R 
Published: July 2020

Latar Belakang: Insufisiensi vena kronis (IVK) derajat berat atau C5-C6 membutuhkan penatalaksanaan yang lebih kompleks dan membawa dampak morbiditas yang lebih berat akibat lamanya waktu pengobatan dan angka kekambuhan yang tinggi. Tata laksana definitif IVK C5-C6 telah mengalami pergeseran dari terapi non operatif (terapi kompresi dan medikamentosa) menjadi terapi operatif dengan teknik non invasif seperti ablasi endovena. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap jenis terapi yang diberikan baik terapi definitif maupun terapi perawatan luka dengan keluaran berupa angka kekambuhan dan lama rawat.
Metode: Studi potong lintang analitik dilakukan dengan mengambil total sampel 54 pasien IVK C5-C6 yang datang ke RSCM pada periode Januari 2014-Desember 2015. Pasien IVK yang disertai dengan insufisiensi arteri, insufisiensi vena dalam, dan kelainan kulit akibat penyakit kulit primer, keganasan, trauma dieksklusi. Analisis statistik diolah dengan SPSS 21 for windows, untuk menilai keluaran dari terapi definitif berupa angka kekambuhan dan lama rawat.
Hasil: Angka kekambuhan pasien IVK C5-C6 dengan terapi operatif lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan terapi non operatif yakni 7,1% berbanding 30,8% dalam follow up selama 2 tahun dengan nilai p 0,02 dan OR 0,17 (95% IK 0,03-0,91). Lama perawatan rerata pasien IVK C5-C6 pada kelompok terapi operatif selama 10,6 hari dan kelompok non operatif selama 14,8 hari.
Simpulan: Angka kekambuhan pasien IVK C5-C6 yang memperoleh terapi definitif operatif lebih rendah dari yang hanya memperoleh terapi non operatif dalam evaluasi selama 1-2 tahun.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology as a Career Choice among Medical Students in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Maanongun M T , Ornguze A A , Hembah-Hilekaan S K , Ojabo A O 
Published: July 2020

The availability of various health care professionals including obstetricians and gynaecologist is dependent on career interest of present undergraduate medical students. We sought to identify obstetrics and gynaecology and other career choices among medical students in Makurdi, Nigeria and what affect these choices. Clinical students in the College of Medicine, Benue State University, Makurdi Nigeria completed a pre-validated, self-administered questionnaire on nature and reasons of career choices, the assessment and suggestions on ways of improving the training of students in obstetrics and gynaecology. A total of 185 clinical students were eligible and 182(98.4%) participated in the study. The average age of the students was 27.0 ±3.2 years with a range of 21-40 years. There were 143(78.6%) males and 39(21.4 females). Overall, the most preferred specialty amongst the students was surgery 51(28.0%), followed by internal medicine 29(15.9%) with obstetrics and gynaecology and paediatrics having 20(11.0%) each. The commonest factors influencing their choices were natural interest and personal convenience. Others included possibility of getting a job, financial gains and personal aptitude. One hundred and fifty eight (86.8%) reported that obstetrics and gynaecology was important and interesting, others felt that it was important but either uninteresting or boring. Most students suggested that there should be improvement in the quality of teaching 71 (39%), more bedside teaching 55(30.2%) and practical sessions 48(26.4%).
Conclusion: Obstetrics and gynaecology was the 3rd most popular career among students. The commonest factors for choosing obstetrics and gynaecology included natural interest and personal convenience. Though most students considered obstetrics and gynaecology as interesting, a good number felt the teaching and practical sessions need improvement.
BeiDa Imaging Electron Spectrometer observation of multi-period electron flux modulation caused by localized ultra-low-frequency waves
Authors: Chen Xingran , Zong Qiugang , Zou Hong , Zhou Xuzhi , Li Li , Hao Yixin , Wang Yongfu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. We present multi-period modulation of energetic electron flux observed by the BeiDa Imaging Electron Spectrometer (BD-IES) on board a Chinese navigation satellite on 13 October 2015. Electron flux oscillations were observed at a dominant period of ∼190 s in consecutive energy channels from ∼50 to ∼200 keV. Interestingly, flux modulations at a secondary period of ∼400 s were also unambiguously observed. The oscillating signals at different energy channels were observed in sequence, with a time delay of up to ∼900 s. This time delay far exceeds the oscillating periods, by which we speculate that the modulations were caused by localized ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves. To verify the wave–particle interaction scenario, we revisit the classic drift-resonance theory. We adopt the calculation method therein to derive the electron energy change in a multi-period ULF wave field. Then, based on the modeled energy change, we construct the flux variations to be observed by a virtual spacecraft. The predicted particle signatures well agree with the BD-IES observations. We demonstrate that the particle energy change might be underestimated in the conventional theories, as the Betatron acceleration induced by the curl of the wave electric field was often omitted. In addition, we show that azimuthally localized waves would notably extend the energy width of the resonance peak, whereas the drift-resonance interaction is only efficient for particles at the resonant energy in the original theory.
Basel IV Postponed: A Chance to Regulate Shadow Banking?
Authors: Parchimowicz Katarzyna , Spence Ross 
Published: July 2020

Basel IV Postponed: A Chance to Regulate Shadow Banking?
In the aftermath of the 2007 global financial crisis, regulators have agreed a substantial tightening of prudential regulation for banks operating in the traditional banking sector (TBS). The TBS is stringently regulated under the Basel Accords to moderate financial stability and to minimise risk to government and taxpayers. While prudential regulation is important from a financial stability perspective, the flipside is that the Basel Accords only apply to the TBS, they do not regulate the shadow banking sector (SBS). While it is not disputed that the SBS provides numerous benefits given the net credit growth of the economy since the global financial crisis has come from the SBS rather than traditional banking channels, the SBS also poses many risks. Therefore, the fact that the SBS is not subject to prudential regulation is a cause of serious systemic concern. The introduction of Basel IV, which compliments Basel III, seeks to complete the Basel framework on prudential banking regulation. On the example of this set of standards and its potential negative consequences for the TBS, this paper aims to visualise the incentives for TBS institutions to move some of their activities into the SBS, and thus stress the need for more comprehensive regulation of the SBS. Current coronavirus crisis forced Basel Committee to postpone implementation of the Basel IV rules – this could be perceived as a chance to complete the financial regulatory framework and address the SBS as well.
Crystal structure of the usher chaperone YadV reveals a monomer with the proline lock in closed conformation suggestive of an intermediate state
Authors: Pandey Nishant Kumar , Verma Garima , Kushwaha Gajraj Singh , Suar Mrutyunjay , Bhavesh Neel Sarovar 
Published: July 2020

Cell surface pili assembled by the chaperone–usher (CU) pathway play a crucial role in the adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. YadV is the chaperone component of the CU pathway of Yad pili. Here, we report the crystal structure of YadV from E. coli. In contrast to major usher chaperones, YadV is a monomer in solution as well as in the crystallographic symmetry, and the monomeric form is a preferred state for interacting with pilus subunits. Moreover, we observed a closed conformation for the proline lock, a crucial structural element for chaperone–pilus subunit interaction. MD simulation shows that the closed state of the proline lock is not energetically stable. Thus, the structure of monomeric YadV with its closed proline lock may serve as an intermediate state to provide suitable access to pilus subunits.
Pre‐treatment with D942, a furancarboxylic acid derivative, increases desiccation tolerance in an anhydrobiotic tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris
Authors: Kondo Koyuki , Mori Masaru , Tomita Masaru , Arakawa Kazuharu 
Published: July 2020

The tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris can undergo anhydrobiosis. Several chemicals that inhibit successful anhydrobiosis in H. exemplaris have been identified, and these chemicals inhibit the activity of signaling molecules. In the present study, we investigated whether upregulation of the activity of these signaling molecules could improve desiccation tolerance of H. exemplaris. Pre‐treatment with an indirect activator of AMP‐activated protein kinase [AMPK; which directly inhibits mammalian NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 [NQO1] of mitochondrial complex I (D942)] significantly improved desiccation tolerance of H. exemplaris, whereas a direct activator of AMPK did not. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we examined the proteome of tardigrades treated with D942. Two proteins, putative glutathione S‐transferase and pirin‐like protein, were upregulated by treatment. Both of these proteins are known to be associated with the response to oxidative stress. One of the downregulated proteins was serine/threonine‐proteinphosphatase 2A (PP2A) 65‐kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform, and it is interesting to note that PP2A activity was previously suggested to be required for successful anhydrobiosis in H. exemplaris. Taken together, our results suggest that D942 treatment may partially induce responses common to those of desiccation stress. The identification of a chemical that improves desiccation tolerance of H. exemplaris may facilitate further investigation into desiccation tolerance mechanisms.
Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Disabling Foot Pain in Patients With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Tu Liudan , Zheng Shuang , Cicuttini Flavia , Jin Xingzhong , Han Weiyu , Zhu Zhaohua , Antony Benny , Winzenberg Tania , Jones Graeme , Gu Jieruo , Wluka Anita E. , Ding Changhai 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveThe present study was undertaken to determine whether vitamin D supplementation or maintaining sufficient vitamin D level reduces foot pain over 2 years in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA post hoc study was conducted from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial named the Vitamin D Effect on Osteoarthritis (VIDEO) study. Symptomatic knee OA patients with serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels between 12.5 nmoles/liter and 60 nmoles/liter were included and randomly allocated to either monthly vitamin D3 or placebo treatment (1:1) for 2 years. Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index (MFPDI) was used to evaluate foot pain and disabling foot pain was defined as at least 1 of the 10 functional limitation items (items 1–9 and 11) being documented as on “most/every day(s)” in the last month. A repeated‐measures, mixed‐effects model was used to analyze the change of MFPDI scores between groups adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 413 patients with a mean age of 63.2 years (49.7% males) were enrolled and 340 completed the study. The mean MFPDI score was 22.8 ± 7.3, with 23.7% of participants having disabling foot pain at baseline. There were significant differences in MFPDI scores change between groups over 2 years, with more improvements in the vitamin D group than in the placebo group (–0.03 versus 1.30; P = 0.013) and more improvement in those maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels (n = 226) than those who did not (n = 114) (–0.09 versus 2.19; P = 0.001).ConclusionVitamin D supplementation and maintenance of sufficient vitamin D levels may improve foot pain in those with knee OA.
Acid gas adsorption on zeolite SSZ‐13: Equilibrium and dynamic behavior for natural gas applications
Authors: Thompson Joshua A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn developing new adsorption separation processes, it is necessary to study both the equilibrium and dynamic adsorption properties of potential materials. Experimental determination of isotherms and dynamic breakthrough properties aid in the development of modeling new adsorption systems toward process development. Here, the equilibrium adsorption properties of a small‐pore zeolite, Na‐SSZ‐13, are studied for its natural gas separation potential. Using volumetric, gravimetric, and dynamic column breakthrough adsorption techniques, the adsorption properties of CO2, CH4, C2H6, H2S, and H2O are determined. High‐pressure breakthrough experiments demonstrate the mixed gas separation performance of Na‐SSZ‐13 in mixtures containing CO2, CH4, C2H6, and H2S. Simulations of these breakthrough experiments show that ideal adsorbed solution theory adequately describes the mixed gas adsorption modeling for this zeolite. In gas mixtures containing both CO2 and H2S, there is an observed acid gas reaction that results in elution of carbonyl sulfide, COS.
Lipopolysaccharide regulates thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression via TLR4/MAPK/Akt/NF‐κB‒signaling pathways in nasal fibroblasts: differential inhibitory effects of macrolide and corticosteroid
Authors: Kang Ju‐Hyung , Yang Hyun‐Woo , Park Joo‐Hoo , Shin Jae‐Min , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Lee Seung Hoon , Lee Heung‐Man , Park Il‐Ho 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease of the sinonasal mucosa. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is associated with T‐helper 2 (Th2) response and induced by pathogen, allergen, toll‐like receptor (TLR) ligands, and cytokines. Fibroblasts are known to be modulators of wound‐healing, from inflammation to tissue remodeling. We examined effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on TSLP production and the underlying mechanisms. We aimed to determine whether the effects of commonly used medications in CRS, namely corticosteroids, and macrolides, are related to LPS‐induced TSLP in nasal fibroblasts.MethodsFibroblasts were isolated from inferior turbinate tissues of CRS patients. TSLP and TLR4 expressions were determined by reverse transcript‒polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), Western blot, enzyme‐linked immunoassay, and immunofluorescence staining. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK), protein kinase B (Akt), and nuclear factor‐kappaB (NF‐κB) phosphorylation was determined by Western blot and/or luciferase assay.ResultsLPS increased TSLP expression in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. LPS antagonist and corticosteroids inhibited TLR4 expression in LPS‐stimulated fibroblasts. LPS‐RS, macrolides, corticosteroids, and specific inhibitors suppressed LPS‐induced alterations. Ex vivo culture showed similar results.ConclusionLPS induces TSLP production via the TLR4, MAPK, Akt, and NF‐κB pathways. The effects of corticosteroids and macrolides are related to LPS‐induced TSLP expression. We explored new treatment modalities targeting LPS‐induced TSLP production that could replace the currently used corticosteroid and macrolides for treatment of CRS.
Thermoplastic polyurethane–urea elastomers with superior mechanical and thermal properties prepared from alicyclic diisocyanate and diamine
Authors: Xu Zichong , Wang Xiaoyan , Huang He 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHigh‐performance thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers have long been the objective of numerous studies. In this work, thermoplastic polyurethane–urea (TPUU) elastomers with balanced superior mechanical and thermal properties, in comparison with the rare cases of high‐performance TPU/TPUU elastomers with super‐high tensile strength, were synthesized by the reaction of polycarbonate diols with excess alicyclic isophorone diisocyanate, followed by the chain extension of alicyclic isophorone diamine. When the content of hard segment was around 47%, the TPUU elastomer had super‐high tensile strength of 51.7 MPa, initial elastic modulus of 698 MPa and elongation at break of 480%. The temperature range of this TPUU elastomer's rubbery state was up to 120°C with storage modulus above 200 MPa, and its rubbery flow state reached 200°C where the storage modulus was still as high as 100 MPa. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated the presence of strongly hydrogen bonded urethane and urea groups in these TPUU elastomers. Atomic force microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry studies demonstrated significant and nearly perfect microphase separation in these TPUU elastomers when the hard segment content was around or below 47%. These noncrystalline TPUU elastomers could be thermally processed or processed in the form of a solution.
Functional analysis of Dicer‐2 gene in Bombyx mori resistance to BmNPV virus
Authors: Li Taohong , Xia Yuchen , Xu Xinyue , Wei Guoqing , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a primary pathogen in silkworm, and the molecular mechanism of B. mori defense to BmNPV infection is still unclear. RNA interference (RNAi) is well‐known as an intracellular conserved mechanism that is critical in gene regulation and cell defense. The antiviral RNAi pathway processes viral double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) into viral small interfering RNAs that guide the recognition and cleavage of complementary viral target RNAs. In this study, a Dicer‐2 (Dcr2) gene was identified in B. mori and its antiviral function was explored. Dcr2 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was the highest in hemocytes and expressed in all stages of silkworm growth. After infection with BmNPV, the expression of Dcr2 mRNA was significantly increased after infection in midgut and hemocytes. The expression of Dcr2 was significantly upregulated by injecting dsRNA (dsBmSPH‐1) into silkworm after 48 hr. Knocking down the expression level of Dcr2 using specific dsRNA in silkworm, which modestly enhanced the production of viral genomic DNA. Our results suggested that the Dcr2 gene in B. mori plays an important role in against BmNPV invasion.