bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of biogas upgrading technologies: key emphasis on electrochemical systems
Authors: Mohammadpour Hossein , Cheng Ka Yu , Pivrikas Almantas , Ho Goen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Biogas, consisting mainly of CO2 and CH4, offers a sustainable source of energy. However, this gaseous stream has been undervalued in wastewater treatment plants owing to its high CO2 content. Biogas upgrading by capturing CO2 broadens its utilisation as a substitute for natural gas. Although biogas upgrading is a widely studied topic, only up to 35% of produced raw biogas is upgraded in the world. To open avenues for development research on biogas upgrading, this paper reviews biogas as a component in global renewable energy production and upgrading technologies focusing on electrochemically driven CO2 capture systems. Recent progress in electrochemical CO2 separation including its energy requirement, CO2 recovery rate, and challenges for upscaling are critically explored. Electrochemical CO2 separation systems stand out for achieving the most affordable technology among the upgrading systems with a low net energy requirement of 0.25 kWh/kg CO2. However, its lower CO2 recovery rate compared to conventional technologies, which leads to high capital expenditure limits the commercialisation of this technology. In the last part of this review, the future perspectives to overcome the challenges associated with electrochemical CO2 capture are discussed.
Technical and financial evaluation of an emerging thermochemical technology for sustainable management of municipal wastewater sludge
Authors: Zvimba John Ngoni , Musvoto Eustina , Kholisa Buyisile 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The management of municipal wastewater sludge is a significant challenge for wastewater management, particularly the need to manage and dispose of the sludge in an environmentally friendly and sustainable manner. The emergence of stricter regulations regarding landfill disposal of wastewater sludge necessitates the need for alternative options for municipal wastewater sludge management, with thermochemical technologies potentially contributing towards achieving carbon neutrality goals and fostering sustainable development. This study sought to address these challenges through a technical and financial evaluation of a pilot-scale emerging thermochemical technology, the enhanced hydrothermal polymerization to provide adequate understanding of the technology's feasibility regarding its application for municipal wastewater sludge volarization into a multi-use hydrochar. The study findings indicated that the enhanced hydrothermal polymerization-generated hydrochar exhibited significant energy content compared to wastewater sludge, suggesting the potential use of the hydrochar as an energy source. The preliminary designs of a full-scale greenfield installation and retrofit processing 50 t/d and 35 t/d dry sludge, respectively, were evaluated to be technically feasible. Furthermore, on the basis of preliminary designs, the enhanced hydrothermal polymerization technology was determined to be the most financially feasible option, also offering other unique advantages over well-established technologies currently used within municipal wastewater services.
Systematic bibliographic analysis of heavy metal remediation
Authors: Chen Shan , Ding Yuanzhao 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Heavy metals pose a significant threat to human health, with contaminated water sources linked to severe conditions, including gastric cancer. Consequently, the effective remediation of heavy metals is crucial. This study employs a bibliographic analysis to examine key methodologies, leading organizations, and prominent countries involved in heavy metal remediation. By systematically reviewing around 1,000 records, the paper identifies the most critical remediation techniques and provides a comprehensive overview of current practices in the field. Additionally, the study explores prospects, emphasizing the potential of emerging technologies such as big data and machine learning to enhance remediation efforts. It highlights recent advancements, identifies significant trends, such as the growing use of bioremediation and nanotechnology, and addresses critical challenges in the remediation landscape, including regulatory hurdles and technological limitations. By making stronger connections between the identified trends and their implications for future research, this comprehensive analysis aims to provide valuable insights and guide the development of improved strategies for mitigating the impact of heavy metal contamination, ultimately safeguarding public health.
Exploring the Gut-Atrial Fibrillation Link: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Abdallah Mohammad , Othman Rima , Antar Gaelle , Atwi Maya , Butrus Tony , Hajjar Elias , Jaafar Osamah , Machrekeki Marita , Mikhael Eddy , Rbeiz Tatiana , Swesa Jessica , Alani Firas , Zaatar Muriel Tahtouh 
Published: December 2024

:
This literature review explores the correlation between atrial fibrillation (AF) and the gut microbiome by elucidating its significance in
cardiovascular health. AF stands as a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The gut
microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in systemic health through its
influence on immune modulation, metabolic processes, and host-microbe interactions. Emerging evidence suggests a potential link between AF
and alterations in gut microbial composition, raising intriguing questions about underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.

:
Recent investigations have shed light on the potential interplay between AF and gut microbial composition. Alterations in gut microbiota diversity
and abundance have been observed in AF patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting a possible link between gut dysbiosis and arrhythmia
susceptibility. Mechanistic studies propose several pathways through which gut microbial metabolites and immune modulation may influence atrial
electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis.

:
The clinical implications of the AF-gut microbiome connection are profound. Microbiome-based biomarkers hold promise for risk stratification,
enabling early identification of individuals at elevated risk of AF development or recurrence. Furthermore, interventions targeting the gut
microbiome, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary modifications, offer innovative therapeutic avenues for AF management, potentially
augmenting traditional treatment modalities.

:
Despite significant progress, challenges such as methodological limitations and the need for further validation in diverse patient cohorts remain
present. Longitudinal studies are warranted to elucidate the temporal relationship between gut microbiome alterations and AF onset or progression.
Nevertheless, understanding the AF-gut microbiome connection provides a foundation for personalized medicine approaches, optimizing AF
management and improving cardiovascular health outcomes.
Location Optimization of Logistics Distribution Center Based on Neural Network
Authors: Li Lianhui 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
The logistics distribution center is a hub that occupies the position of
“central nerve” in the whole logistics operation process. Choosing a reasonable logistics distribution
center can improve the operation efficiency of the whole logistics system and reduce the cost
of workforce and material resources.

Objective:
The goal of this work is to design a patented technology to optimize the location of the
logistics distribution center.

Methods:
In this patent study, the appropriate clustering algorithm and mathematical model to
plan the logistics distribution path are selected to solve the location problem of the distribution
center. The location data is input into the neural network model, and the score of the location
scheme is output. The mean-shift clustering algorithm is used to divide the geographical location
of the merchants, who need to distribute products, and an aggregated distribution area is obtained.
Then, a practical mathematical programming model is established to solve the location problem of
logistics transfer stations.

Results:
Comparing the clustering situation of three data point aggregation algorithms, the most
reasonable data point aggregation method is obtained. Finally, the data of the location scheme is
input into the neural network, and the most perfect logistics distribution location center is selected
according to the output score.

Conclusion:
The establishment of an intelligent logistics distribution center should not only be
based on the development needs of the logistics market but also on the development of modern Internet
of Things technology.
Analysis of Ultrasonic Transducer Characteristics and Ultrasound-assisted Flotation Test Device
Authors: Sun Liqing , Ma Shenghao , Zhang Zhihua , Gao Kuidong , Xu Meng , Liu Tianyu , Li Lin 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
The application of ultrasound in mineral flotation has broad prospects.
To further explore the mechanism of ultrasound in flotation, an ultrasound-assisted flotation experimental
device was designed, and the mass transfer characteristics of its ultrasound transducer
were analyzed.

Background:
Ultrasound has shown excellent application prospects in mineral flotation, but ultrasonic
flotation technology is still in the laboratory testing stage.

Objective:
An advanced experimental device designed and manufactured specifically for conducting
ultrasonic-assisted flotation experiments has been developed to accelerate the application of ultrasonic
flotation technology in industrial production and improve efficiency.

Method:
Firstly, the ultrasonic-assisted flotation test device's overall layout and material selection
will be determined. Next, structurally design the core component of the ultrasonic mass transfer
device, the piezoelectric transducer. Then, an ultrasonic mass transfer device simulation model
will be created, including a vibration simulation model and a sound pressure field simulation model.
Finally, a finite element analysis of the mass transfer characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer
will be conducted using simulation software.

Results:
The analysis of the ultrasonic transducer device's mass transfer characteristics yielded ideal
results, and based on the obtained data, the ultrasonic-assisted flotation test device was successfully
constructed.

Conclusion:
The optimal ultrasonic vibration frequency of the ultrasonic transducer designed in
this experiment is 21482 Hz, and both unilateral and bilateral ultrasound can generate regular and
stable ultrasonic pressure fields. At the same time and position, the device's excitation voltage
change positively correlates with the absolute value change of sound pressure amplitude. The experimental
data shows that the ultrasonic-assisted flotation test device has demonstrated feasibility
and reliability in practical applications.
Treating Burn Infections With Topical Delivery of Positively Charged Norfloxacin-Loaded Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles
Authors: Mohammed Kamilia H.A. , Rasslan Fatma , Abd El‑Fattah Marwa A. , Shawky Seham , Amin Omnya M. , Eassa Heba A. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Norfloxacin (NFX) is a wide-spectrum antibacterial agent that suffers
from low water solubility and first-pass metabolism. This diminishes its oral bioavailability by
60-70%.

Objective:
This work aims to formulate a topical gel of NFX-loaded lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles
(NFX-LPHNPs) that combine the merits of liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles to overcome
these problems.

Methods:
NFX-LPHNPs formulations were developed using Precirol ATO (lipid) and Eudragit
RL100 (polymer). They were characterized for particle size, uniformity of distribution, entrapment
efficiency, zeta potential, and in-vitro release. Box–Behnken design was applied to study sequentially
different variables' impact on material attributes. Then the optimized formula was re-evaluated,
and incorporated in an HPMC-gel formulation. The gel formulation was evaluated for its
physical properties, in vitro-release, and antibacterial activity.

Results:
NFX-LPHNPs exhibited particle sizes ranging from 28.92 to 730.30 nm. Particles were
uniformly distributed with a positively charged surface (indicated by zeta potential with values
from +3.91 to +60.2 mV). Formulations showed a % cumulative drug release of 87.9-100% in 8 h.
The optimized formula showed a satisfied fit of measured-to-predicted responses with 159 nm particle
size, 92.61% release and 79.2% entrapment efficiency. Gel formulation showed a sustained
release over 24h. Antibacterial testing against Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii
and Pseudomonas aeruginosa revealed enhanced activity of NFX-LPHNPs against these pathogens
compared to bare NFX loaded gel.

Conclusion:
These results illustrated the high potential of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles to
improve NFX activity against resistant pathogens common in burn infections. Moreover, the topical
application helps overcome Norfloxacin oral-associated problems.
Non-Ionic Surfactant Vesicles (Niosomes): Structure, Functions, Classification and its Advances in Enhanced Drug Delivery
Authors: Padarthi PavanKumar , V Kalvimoorthi , Challa Ranadheer Reddy , Vallamkonda Bhaskar , Grandhe Neelima , Dogiparthi Lakshman Kumar , Kaliyaperumal Rajaganapathy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Niosomes, non-ionic surfactants, cholesterol, aqueous core, bilayer, hydrophilic drugs, hydrophobic drugs.
Efficacy and Safety of Natural Apigenin Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on In vivo Research Advancements
Authors: Zhang Nan , Nao Jianfei , Dong Xiaoyu 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most common dementia in clinics. Despite
decades of progress in the study of the pathogenesis of AD, clinical treatment strategies for AD remain
lacking. Apigenin, a natural flavonoid compound, is present in a variety of food and Chinese herbs and
has been proposed to have a wide range of therapeutic effects on dementia.

Objective:
To clarify the relevant pharmacological mechanism and therapeutic effect of apigenin on
animal models of AD.

Methods:
Computer-based searches of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science
databases were used to identify preclinical literature on the use of apigenin for treating AD. All databases
were searched from their respective inception dates until June 2023. The meta-analysis was performed
with Review manager 5.4.1 and STATA 17.0.

Results:
Thirteen studies were eventually enrolled, which included 736 animals in total. Meta-analysis
showed that apigenin had a positive effect on AD. Compared to controls, apigenin treatment reduced
escape latency, increased the percentage of time spent in the target quadrant and the number of plateaus
traversed; apigenin was effective in reducing nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) p65 levels; apigenin
effectively increased antioxidant molecules SOD and GSH-px and decreased oxidative index
MDA; for ERK/CREB/BDNF pathway, apigenin effectively increased BDNF and pCREB molecules;
additionally, apigenin effectively decreased caspase3 levels and the number of apoptotic cells in the
hippocampus.

Conclusion:
The results show some efficacy of apigenin in the treatment of AD models. However,
further clinical studies are needed to confirm the clinical efficacy of apigenin
Exploring the Relationship Between Smartphone GPS Patterns and Quality of Life in Patients With Advanced Cancer and Their Family Caregivers: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lee Kyungmi , Azuero Andres , Engler Sally , Kumar Sidharth , Puga Frank , Wright Alexi A , Kamal Arif , Ritchie Christine S , Demiris George , Bakitas Marie A , Odom J Nicholas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers often experience poor quality of life (QOL). Self-report measures are commonly used to quantify QOL of family caregivers but may have limitations such as recall bias and social desirability bias. Variables derived from passively obtained smartphone GPS data are a novel approach to measuring QOL that may overcome these limitations and enable detection of early signs of mental and physical health (PH) deterioration.

Objective
This study explored the feasibility of a digital phenotyping approach by assessing participant adherence and examining correlations between smartphone GPS data and QOL levels among family caregivers and patients with advanced cancer.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis involving 7 family caregivers and 4 patients with advanced cancer that assessed correlations between GPS sensor data captured by a personally owned smartphone and QOL self-report measures over 12 weeks through linear correlation coefficients. QOL as measured by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health 10 was collected at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks. Using a Beiwe smartphone app, GPS data were collected and processed into variables including total distance, time spent at home, transition time, and number of significant locations.

Results
The study identified relevant temporal correlations between QOL and smartphone GPS data across specific time periods. For instance, in terms of PH, associations were observed with the total distance traveled (12 and 13 wk, with r ranging 0.37 to 0.38), time spent at home (−4 to −2 wk, with r ranging from −0.41 to −0.49), and transition time (−4 to −2 wk, with r ranging −0.38 to −0.47).

Conclusions
This research offers insights into using passively obtained smartphone GPS data as a novel approach for assessing and monitoring QOL among family caregivers and patients with advanced cancer, presenting potential advantages over traditional self-report measures. The observed correlations underscore the potential of this method to detect early signs of deteriorating mental health and PH, providing opportunities for timely intervention and support.
Quantifying Patient Demand for Orthopedics Care by Region Through Google Trends Analysis: Descriptive Epidemiology Study
Authors: Qiu Abram , Meadows Kristopher , Ye Fei , Iyawe Osasu , Kenneth-Nwosa Kenneth 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
There is a growing gap between the supply of surgeons and the demand for orthopedic services in the United States.

Objective
We analyzed publicly available online data to assess the correlation between the supply of orthopedic surgeons and patient demand across the United States. The geographic trends of this gap were assessed by using the relative demand index (RDI) to guide precision public health interventions such as resource allocation, residency program expansion, and workforce planning to specific regions.

Methods
The data used were from the US Census Bureau, Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) through their 2024 Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) directory, AAMC State Physician Workforce Data Report, and Google Trends. We calculated the normalized relative search volume (RSV) and the RDI and compared them to the densities of orthopedic surgeons across the United States. We examined the disparities with the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.

Results
The supply of orthopedic surgeons varied greatly across the United States, with a significantly higher demand for them in southern states (P=.02). The orthopedic surgeon concentration, normalized to the highest density, was the highest in Alaska (n=100), the District of Columbia (n=96), and Wyoming (n=72); and the lowest in Texas (n=0), Arkansas (n=6), and Oklahoma (n=64). The highest RDI values were observed in Utah (n=97), Florida (n=88), and Texas (n=83), while the lowest were observed in Alaska (n=0), the District of Columbia (n=5), and New Hampshire (n=7). The 7 states of Alaska, Maine, South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, Delaware, and Idaho lacked orthopedic surgery residencies. In 2023, New York (n=19), Michigan (n=17), Ohio (n=17), Pennsylvania (n=16), and California (n=16) had the most residency programs. Demand and supply, represented by the RDI and orthopedic surgeon concentration, respectively, were strongly correlated negatively (ρ=−0.791, P<.001). States that were in the top quartile of residency programs (≥4 residency programs) exhibited a high demand for orthopedic surgeons (ρ=.6035, P=.02).

Conclusions
This study showed that regional disparities in access to orthopedic care can be addressed by increasing orthopedic residencies. The study highlights the novel application of the RDI to mapping the regional need for orthopedics, and this map allows for better targeted resource allocation to expand orthopedic surgery training.
Implementasi Shariah Compliance Pada Produk Gadai Emas di Pegadaian Syariah dan Bank Syariah Mandiri
Authors: Purnama Sari Nova 
Published: December 2024

Shariah compliance in "rahn emas” business sharia in the current era tends to be often violated by Islamic companies in order to obtain greatest profits. Eventhough, interest in "rahn emas” business sharia is increasing. On the other hand, the component of sharia compliance is the main differentiator between Islamic companies and conventional companies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how the implementation of sharia compliance in "rahn emas” products applied to the Pegadaian Sharia and Mandiri Sharia Bank in Metro City, Lampung. The study was conducted in 2019 at Pegadaian Sharia and Mandiri Sharia Bank in Metro City. The research method used is a case study in both Islamic companies, with a qualitative descriptive analysis method by comparing the implementation of "rahn emas” in both Islamic companies with the MUI fatwa and six indicators of sharia compliance.
The results showed that Pegadaian Sharia and Mandiri Sharia Bank in Metro city generally conducted "rahn emas” operational activities based on the MUI DSN fatwa and sharia compliance indicators. However, in practice there is one point that contradicts the DSN MUI fatwa, which is to set maintenance costs following the loan amount. This is contrary to the MUI fatwa No. 26 of 2002 that is the costs and costs of storing goods (marhun) are borne by the pawners (rahin). Therefore, Pegadaian Sharia and Mandiri Sharia Bank in Metro City are expected to be able to make improvements and find a formula for determining administrative costs and maintenance costs in accordance with the DSN MUI fatwa.
DNA Sequence Compress Algorithm for Compression of Biological Sequences
Authors: Siva Phanindra DAGGUBATI  , Venkata Rao KASUKURTHI  , Prasad Reddy PVGD  
Published: December 2024

The rapid advancements in high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have ushered in a transformative era in genomics and bioinformatics. The generation of vast DNA sequence datasets has become commonplace, contributing to critical areas such as personalized medicine, drug discovery, and agricultural biotechnology. However, the storage, transmission, and processing of these massive datasets pose significant challenges due to the inherently large size of DNA sequences. To address these challenges, various DNA sequence compression algorithms have been proposed. This paper introduces DNASeqCompress, an innovative algorithm tailored specifically for compressing DNA and RNA sequences. DNASeqCompress employs a statistical model-based approach to identify and compress repetitive sub-sequences efficiently. It selects frequent sub-sequences and stores them along with their positional information, resulting in reduced storage and transmission sizes. We implement and evaluate DNASeqCompress on various DNA sequences, comparing its performance with the existing GenCompress algorithm. Through our experiments, we demonstrate that DNASeqCompress outperforms GenCompress in terms of compression and ease of implementation, particularly for sequences with repetitive patterns. The average percentage of improvement of the proposed algorithm (DNASeqCompress) over GenCompress is approximately 15.52% observed across a diverse dataset of DNA sequences. This research provides a comprehensive analysis and comparison of DNASeqCompress and GenCompress, contributing valuable insights into DNA sequence compression algorithms.