bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography-Based Patient-Specific Instrumentation Loses Accuracy with Significant Varus Preoperative Misalignment
Authors: León-Muñoz Vicente Jesús , López-López Mirian , Lisón-Almagro Alonso José , Martínez-Martínez Francisco , Santonja-Medina Fernando 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPatient-specific instrumentation (PSI) has been introduced to simplify and make total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery more precise, effective, and efficient. We performed this study to determine whether the postoperative coronal alignment is related to preoperative deformity when computed tomography (CT)-based PSI is used for TKA surgery, and how the PSI approach compares with deformity correction obtained with conventional instrumentation. We analyzed pre- and post-operative full length standing hip-knee-ankle (HKA) X-rays of the lower limb in both groups using a convention > 180 degrees for valgus alignment and < 180 degrees for varus alignment. For the PSI group, the mean (± SD) pre-operative HKA angle was 172.09 degrees varus (± 6.69 degrees) with a maximum varus alignment of 21.5 degrees (HKA 158.5) and a maximum valgus alignment of 14.0 degrees. The mean post-operative HKA was 179.43 degrees varus (± 2.32 degrees) with a maximum varus alignment of seven degrees and a maximum valgus alignment of six degrees. There has been a weak correlation among the values of the pre- and post-operative HKA angle. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of postoperative alignment outside the range of 180 ± 3 degrees was significantly higher with a preoperative varus misalignment of 15 degrees or more (aOR: 4.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.35–12.96; p = 0.013). In the control group (conventional instrumentation), this loss of accuracy occurs with preoperative misalignment of 10 degrees. Preoperative misalignment below 15 degrees appears to present minimal influence on postoperative alignment when a CT-based PSI system is used. The CT-based PSI tends to lose accuracy with preoperative varus misalignment over 15 degrees.
Acupuncture in Temporomandibular Disorders Painful Symptomatology: An Evidence-Based Case Report
Authors: Dietrich Lia , Rodrigues Igor Vinícius Santos , Assis Costa Marcelo Dias Moreira de , Carvalho Roberta Furtado , Silva Gisele Rodrigues da 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTemporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is complex and multifactorial. Its etiology involves various factors, such as malocclusion, psychological patterns, parafunctional habits, and the temporomandibular joint anatomy. Symptoms include myofascial pain, joint clicking, mouth opening limitation, headaches, earaches, and neck pain, comprising one of the greatest causes of nondental pain. Acupuncture has been used to treat these conditions by acting locally both in muscle relaxation and pain management as well as reaching physical, mental, and emotional balance. The aim of this study is to present a brief literature review reporting the efficacy of acupuncture on TMDs and a case report in which the painful symptomatology of TMD was treated with a systemic protocol, based on scientific evidence and concepts of traditional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture may be a complementary treatment for TMD, and in this case report, it eliminated the patient’s painful symptomatology.
What drives the greater or lesser usage of forbearance measures by banks?
Authors: De Vincentiis Paola 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAfter the subprime crisis, with the worsening of asset quality all around Europe, a lack of harmonization emerged concerning credit classification, monitoring, provisioning and writing-off in the banking industry. A wave of analysis and new regulations by the Supervising Authorities aimed at highlighting best practices and creating a common standard, in order to enhance transparency and accounting data comparability across the European Union. A point of particular attention concerned the usage of forbearance measures and the classification and provisioning of forborne positions. This paper deep-dives into this issue leveraging on the public dataset disclosed by the European Banking Authority, following the 2018 EU-wide Transparency Exercise. The purpose of this paper is twofold. On one side, we want to gauge the extension of the forbearance measures’ usage among a sample of major European banks and the drivers of this usage. On the other side, we want to analyze which main factors impact on the loan loss provisioning of forborne positions.
An expert advantage in detecting unfamiliar visual signals in noise
Authors: Hussain Zahra 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Radiologists have years of experience in inspecting medical images for anomalies and thus are visual experts with the particular object class of medical images. Do the perceptual skills acquired in medical imaging benefit perception outside the trained domain? Here, radiologists and novice controls were compared on the ability to perform a visual detection task that was unfamiliar to all subjects. Subjects detected patterns in noise that were unlike medical images to which radiologists are routinely exposed. Radiologists were superior to the control groups in all stimulus conditions and maintained their advantage after both groups improved on the task. These results suggest that the perceptual skills developed in diagnostic radiology generalize to certain unfamiliar visual judgments.
Functional rewiring across spinal injuries via biomimetic nanofiber scaffolds
Authors: Usmani Sadaf , Franceschi Biagioni Audrey , Medelin Manuela , Scaini Denis , Casani Raffaele , Aurand Emily R. , Padro Daniel , Egimendia Ander , Ramos Cabrer Pedro , Scarselli Manuela , De Crescenzi Maurizio , Prato Maurizio , Ballerini Laura 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Nanotechnology and neurobiology combined efforts might succeed in the design of hybrid microsystems that, once functionally integrated into the nervous tissue, might help in healing the injured spinal cord. A substantial challenge in this area is the development of structural scaffolds favoring spinal cord reconstruction. The future success of such smart devices resides also in the use of nanomaterials exploiting spinal microenvironment physical properties, such as mechanical and electrical ones, and their potential in promoting axonal regeneration. We synthesized an artificial scaffold based on nanomaterials with the necessary characteristics to guide axonal rewiring. The translational potential of introducing physics rules to neural tissue repair strategies was tested by implanting such a scaffold in spinal cord injury animal models.
Myristate can be used as a carbon and energy source for the asymbiotic growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Sugiura Yuta , Akiyama Rei , Tanaka Sachiko , Yano Koji , Kameoka Hiromu , Marui Shiori , Saito Masanori , Kawaguchi Masayoshi , Akiyama Kohki , Saito Katsuharu 
Published: October 2020

Significance
The origins of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which form symbiotic associations with land plants, date back >460 Mya. During evolution, these fungi acquired an obligate symbiotic lifestyle, and thus depend on their host for essential nutrients. In particular, fatty acids are regarded as crucial nutrients for the survival of AM fungi, owing to the absence of genes involved in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in the AM fungal genomes that have been sequenced so far. Here we show that myristate initiates AM fungal growth under asymbiotic conditions. These findings will advance the pure culture of AM fungi.
Visualizing Rev1 catalyze protein-template DNA synthesis
Authors: Weaver Tyler M. , Cortez Luis M. , Khoang Thu H. , Washington M. Todd , Agarwal Pratul K. , Freudenthal Bret D. 
Published: October 2020

Significance
Translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases bypass DNA damage that is unable to be accommodated by replicative DNA polymerase active sites. The TLS polymerase Rev1 bypasses a variety of DNA damage, including exocyclic guanine adducts and abasic sites using a unique protein-template mechanism. Using time-lapse X-ray crystallography, computational analysis, and enzyme kinetics, we provide insight into the protein-template mechanism used by Rev1. Our structural snapshots identify that movement of the primer DNA strand facilitates precatalytic organization of the Rev1 active site and phosphodiester bond formation. Additionally, we determine postcatalytic events, including pyrophosphate hydrolysis in the active site and an inability to reincorporate the templating guanine into the DNA helix, which ultimately prevents mutagenic processivity by Rev1.
From the oral-literate debate to the translanguaging paradigm – and back again
Authors: Münch Christian , Noack Christina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
For several years now, the current debates on multilingualism and multi­literacy have revolved around the concept of translanguaging. In our paper we aim to contribute to the debate by presenting two theoretical approaches that have fueled the debate in the German-speaking academic context over the last thirty years and bringing them to the attention of an international readership. In discussing the analysis of written data of multilingual speakers from an acquisition perspective, we wish to demonstrate the fascinating aspects these works can contribute.
EURAMET key comparison 1031 (EURAMET.M.D-K1.1)—solid density comparison
Authors: Bettin Horst , Borys Michael , Firlus Martin , Buchner Christian , Zelenka Zoltan , Medina Nieves , Parlić-Risović Tijana , Bezjak Mladen , Mitsas Chris , Lefkopoulos Alexandros , Lenard Elżbieta , Popa George Florian , Malengo Andrea , Madec Tanguy , Beaudoux Florian , Fuchs Peter , Marti Kilian , Wüthrich Christian , Kajastie Heikki , Eltawil Alaaeldin A , Fujii Ken-ichi , Kuramoto Naoki , Waseda Atsushi , Perkin Michael , Davidson Stuart , Açadağ Ümit Y , Domostroev Aleksey 
Published: October 2020

The results are presented of the key comparison EURAMET 1031 (EURAMET.M.D-K1.1) that covered the measurements of density and volume of silicon spheres of three different masses at 20 °C and 101325 Pa. The volume and density determinations of 15 national metrology institutes (NMIs) were checked and linked to the CCM.D-K1 key comparison. The measurements were carried out near 20 °C and at atmospheric pressure by the hydrostatic method in the time interval from 16 May 2008 to 18 Jan 2011.
The comparison was performed in two petals with three spheres in each petal. The travelling standards of petal 1 have a mass of 1001 g, 200 g and 35 g (Petal 2: 984 g, 239 g, 35 g). Whereas the reference values of the 1 kg travelling standards could be determined by the link to the CCM.D-K1 comparison, the density reference values for the smaller spheres were determined by density comparison to the 1 kg spheres using the pressure-of-flotation method.
One result was wrong due to a mistake in the mass determination. Additionally, four of the 57 volume (or density) values were discrepant with En values larger than 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.6.
Five NMIs achieved density uncertainties of about 1 ppm (1 × 10−6 in relative terms) or less for the 1 kg spheres. This satisfies the needs of all customers who wish to calibrate solid density standards for other laboratories.
Volume determinations of mass standards, air density artefacts or sorption artefacts should reach an uncertainty of about 1 mm3 in order to reduce the effect on the mass uncertainty to about 1 μg. At least for silicon spheres this is reached by eight NMIs. Due to the higher density of stainless steel this may be different for weights and will be checked within the CCM.D-K3 comparison.
The results of the comparison can be used to submit new or improved entries in the calibration measurement capabilities table in the BIPM key comparison database.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Rigidity results of free boundary maximal hypersurfaces in the region bounded by a de Sitter space
Authors: Park Sangwoo , Pyo Juncheol 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper provides the rigidity results of free boundary maximal hypersurfaces in a region bounded by a de Sitter space in the Lorentz–Minkowski space. First, it is proved that any smooth, compact free boundary maximal hypersurface in a de Sitter ball is the spacelike coordinate planar disk passing through the center of the de Sitter space. Second, a smooth, noncompact, complete free boundary maximal hypersurface in the exterior of a de Sitter ball is considered. For maximal hypersurfaces with one planar end in the exterior of a de Sitter ball, every complete noncompact free boundary maximal hypersurface is shown to be a part of the spacelike coordinate hyperplane.
Oxygen reduction reaction on Pd nanocatalysts prepared by plasma-assisted synthesis on different carbon nanomaterials
Authors: Lüsi Madis , Erikson Heiki , Treshchalov Alexey , Rähn Mihkel , Merisalu Maido , Kikas Arvo , Kisand Vambola , Sammelselg Väino , Tammeveski Kaido 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this work He/H2 plasma jet treatment was used to reduce Pd ions in the aqueous solution with simultaneous deposition of created Pd nanoparticles to support materials. Graphene oxide (GO) and nitrogen-doped graphene oxide (NrGO) were both co-reduced with the Pd ions to formulate catalyst materials. Pd catalyst was also deposited on the surface of carbon black. The prepared catalyst materials were physically characterized using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The plasma jet method yielded good dispersion of small Pd particles with average sizes of particles being: Pd/rGO 2.9 ± 0.6 nm, Pd/NrGO 2.3 ± 0.5 nm and Pd/Vulcan 2.8 ± 0.6 nm. The electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics was explored using the rotating disk electrode method. Pd catalyst deposited on nitrogen-doped graphene material showed slightly improved ORR activity as compared to that on the nondoped substrate, however Vulcan carbon-supported Pd catalyst exhibited a higher specific activity for oxygen electroreduction.
Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown n-InGaN/n-GaN tunnel junctions for micro-light-emitting diodes with very low forward voltage
Authors: Li Panpan , Zhang Haojun , Li Hongjian , Zhang Yuewei , Yao Yifan , Palmquist Nathan , Iza Mike , Speck James S , Nakamura Shuji , DenBaars Steven P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
High performance GaN-based micro-light-emitting diodes (µLEDs) with epitaxial n-InGaN/n-GaN tunnel junctions (InGaN TJs) were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The InGaN TJs µLEDs show a significant reduction of forward voltage (Vf) by ∼0.6 V compared to the common TJs µLEDs. The Vf at 20 A cm−2 is very low varied from 3.15 V to 3.19 V in small InGaN TJ µLEDs with a size less than 40 × 40 µm2, and then significantly increases in large LEDs. Selective area growth (SAG) of TJs can overcome such size limitation by vertical out diffusion of hydrogen through the apertures on top of p-GaN. The InGaN TJ µLEDs overgrown by SAG show a size-independent low Vf ranged from 3.08 V to 3.25 V. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the packaged TJ µLEDs was improved by 6% compared to the common µLEDs with indium tin oxide (ITO) contact. This work solves the key challenges of MOCVD-grown TJs.
Comparative study on ethylene glycol based Ag-Al
2
O
3 and Al
2
O
3 nanofluids flow driven by electroosmotic and peristaltic pumping: a nano-coolant for radiators
Authors: Akram Javaria , Akbar Noreen Sher , Tripathi Dharmendra 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of hybrid (Ag- Al
2
O
3) nanofluid and Al
2
O
3 mono nanofluid in a convective heat transfer process driven by electroosmotic and peristaltic pumping. Ethylene glycol (EG) due to its strong anti-freezing properties is taken as a base fluid. The features of mixed convection, magnetohydrodynamics, and Joule heating are also comprised in this study. The slip boundary conditions for axial velocity and temperature are employed at the walls of the microchannel in a porous environment and conditions of zero normal mass flux are imposed for the passive control of nanoparticles. This model is composed by using the Buongiorno flow model along with the modified Maxwell-Garnett model for thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluids and Poisson-Boltzmann distribution for electric potential generated within the fluid medium. The problem is simplified under the approximations of lubrication theory and Debye–Hückel linearization and the numerical computations have been made through Maple 17 code. The graphical results of flow variables for various involved quantities are prepared and presented with a requisite interpretation. Moreover, contour graphs are also plotted for stream function in order to discuss the trapping phenomenon. The addition of a volume fraction of 9% of aluminum dioxide in ethylene glycol tends to raise the thermal conductivity of working fluid up to 28.97% however further addition of a small number of silver nanoparticles increases its thermal conductivity up to 53.57%. Due to this increment in thermal conductance, it is found that the efficiency of Ag- Al
2
O
3 nanofluid in the heat transfer mechanism is better than the Al
2
O
3 nanofluid. It is further reported that EG based hybrid nanofluid (Ag- Al
2
O
3) as nano-coolant is more applicable for radiators and other cooling systems as compared EG based (Al
2
O
3) nanofluid.
Darboux-dressing transformation, semi-rational solutions, breathers and modulation instability for the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger system with variable coefficients in a non-Kerr medium, twin-core nonlinear optical fiber or waveguide
Authors: Yang Dan-Yu , Tian Bo , Qu Qi-Xing , Li He , Zhao Xue-Hui , Chen Su-Su , Wei Cheng-Cheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Twin-core optical fibers are applied in the fiber optic sensing technique and optical communication. Non-Kerr media are seen in plasma physics, nonlinear quantum mechanics and nonlinear optics. Propagation of an optical beam and superradiance for an atom in the waveguide are reported. This paper investigates the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger system with variable coefficients for the ultrashort optical pulse propagation in a non-Kerr medium, twin-core nonlinear optical fiber or waveguide. For the two components of the electromagnetic fields, Darboux-dressing transformation, semi-rational solutions and breather solutions are obtained. We acquire the Akhmediev breathers (ABs) and Kuznetsov-Ma (KM) solitons. Interaction between the rogue waves and KM/bright-dark solitons is presented. When b(z) is a linear/quadratic/cosine function, the ABs, rogue waves, KM and bright-dark solitons appear parabolic, cubic and wavy, respectively, where b(z) presents the delayed nonlinear response effects. We conduct the modulation instability for the plane wave solutions for a non-Kerr medium, twin-core nonlinear optical fiber or waveguide via the linear stability analysis: If χ < 0, the solutions are modulationally stable; otherwise, modulationally unstable, where χ is the growth rate of the instability.
Preface
Authors: Zank G P 
Published: October 2020

The 19th Annual International Astrophysics Conference (AIAC) was held at the beautiful La Posada de Santa Fe Hotel, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA from March 9 to 13, 2020. This year’s meeting was exceptionally challenging, coming immediately prior to the onset and shutdown of the U.S. in response to the then rapidly developing COVID-19 outbreak. Of course, our Asian, Oceania, African, and European friends and colleagues were already either in or about to enter their own shutdowns. In addition, organizations such as NASA and various universities imposed their own travel restrictions just before the start of the meeting. Faced with the chaos and absence of any meaningful public health advice at the time, we made the difficult decision to go forward with the meeting in a truncated form and at the last minute managed to introduce conference meeting technology Zoom to aid us with those speakers who could not physically be there. I would like to thank conference organizer Adele Corona of ICNS, her assistant Kathy Tolbert, and the entire staff at the La Posada for their immense and untiring efforts in making the meeting the success that it was. Their acute ability to adapt to these last-minute changes, and their efforts to ensure as safe an environment as possible for all our attendees was crucial. Little did we know that this worldwide crisis was simply a foretaste of much, much worse to come. Therefore, and not surprisingly, we have pushed the 20th AIAC meeting well back into Fall of 2021 and we sincerely hope that the world will have recovered some degree of normalcy that will allow us to return to social activities of the past!
The theme of the 19th AIAC was “From the Sun’s Atmosphere to the Edge of the Galaxy: A Story of Connections” and had a format of 25-minute presentations punctuated by selected 40-minute invited talks that explored various themes in greater detail.
The oldest and the newest heliospheric space missions are distinguished by being the farthest and closest human-made objects ever to the Sun. Plunging into the depths of the atmosphere of the Sun, the Parker Solar Probe, launched in August 12, 2018, had completed the first three closest encounter passes to the Sun, edging closer and closer with each orbit, at the time of the meeting. The venerable Voyager 1 spacecraft, launched in 1977, entered the very local interstellar medium on 25 August 2012 and at ∼141 astronomical units from the Sun is now further from the Earth than any other human-made object. Voyager 2, following suit, likewise entered the interstellar medium on 5 November 2018. It is astonishing that, since the start of the space age in October 1957, humankind is now reaching for the stars and reaching into a star itself. Despite the immense distance separating the Voyager spacecraft from the Sun, the Sun’s influence is still felt in the immensely cold distant very local interstellar medium. This conference addressed the connected story of how the Sun and interstellar medium collectively shape their environment.
Evolution of entropy in the outer heliosphere
Authors: Adhikari L , Zank G P , Zhao L-L , Webb G M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Entropy is an important thermodynamic quantity. Based on the conservation equations of a coupled solar wind and turbulence model, and using measurements from Voyager 2, Pioneer 10 and New Horizons, we investigate the solar wind entropy throughout the heliosphere. Observations from Voyager 2, Pioneer 10, and the NH SWAP instrument show different radial profiles of the entropy as a function of heliocentric distance. We find that the entropy measured by (i) Voyager 2 increases by about 12.84% at 75 au, (ii) NH SWAP increases by about 7.8% at 46.37 au, and (iii) Pioneer 10 increases by about 6.5% at 56.82 au. Voyager 2 and NH SWAP made measurements in the upwind direction and Pioneer 10 is in the downwind direction. We compare directly the theoretical results with Voyager 2 measurements only, and find good agreement between them.
Parametric instabilities in a two ion species plasma as a driver of super Alfvénic waves
Authors: Matsukiyo S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Linear dispersion relation of parametric instabilities of a left hand circularly polarized wave in a three species plasma consisting electrons, protons, and α particles is derived and the obtained dispersion relation is numerically solved. It is shown that the so-called super Alfvénic waves, which are thought to play important roles in preferential acceleration of heavy ions, can get excited through a parametric decay instability when the parent wave is on the proton cyclotron branch and the plasma beta is sufficiently low. A variety of other parametric instabilities are also generated.