bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fermentative profile, losses and chemical composition of silage soybean genotypes amended with sugarcane levels
Authors: de Moura Zanine Anderson , de Sene Orgélio Augusto , de Jesus Ferreira Daniele , Parente Henrique Nunes , de Oliveira Maia Parente Michelle , Pinho Ricardo Martins Araújo , Santos Edson Mauro , Nascimento Thiago Vinicius Costa , de Oliveira Lima Anny Graycy Vasconcelos , Perazzo Alexandre Fernandes , Portela Ygor Nascimento , Bandeira Danrley Martins 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe experiment aimed to evaluate the fermentative and nutritional profile of the silage of four soybean plant genotypes (BRS 333 RR, Pampeanas: C50, C60, and C70) ensiled with levels of sugarcane (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%). The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, in factorial scheme 4 × 5 (four soybean genotypes and five levels of sugarcane inclusion) with four replicates. Silages with 100% soybean plant presented the highest levels of butyric acid (P < 0.001) and ammoniacal nitrogen (P < 0.047); however, the intermediate addition of sugarcane contributed to lactic fermentation (P < 0.001). Besides, there was a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) for the recovery of dry matter, which ranged from 83.28 to 95.29%, with higher values observed for silage with the same proportions of soybean plant and sugarcane. It was verified that the crude protein content exhibited decreasing linear effects (P < 0.001), varying among 4.60 to 7.48% in the silages. It was concluded that the highest recovery of dry matter, the best fermentation profile, and the highest levels of crude protein and digestibility occurred in the inclusion between 25 and 50% of sugarcane in soybean silage, with the superiority of the C50 soybean genotype.
Moderate to severe liver siderosis and raised AST are independent risk factors for vitamin D insufficiency in β-thalassemia patients
Authors: Darvishi-Khezri Hadi , Karami Hossein , Naderisorki Mohammad , Zahedi Mohammad , Razavi Alireza , Kosaryan Mehrnoush , Aliasgharian Aily 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNumerous problematic disorders such as vitamin D (Vit-D) deficiency subsequent to large iron loading can be developed in patients with β-thalassemia. The study aimed to estimate Vit-D insufficiency and its risk factors in patients with β-thalassemia. In this multicenter and observational study, all β-thalassemia patients, who referred to 14 hospital-based thalassemia divisions or clinics in Mazandaran province, Iran were included in the study. The data belong to December 2015 until December 2019. The study population was made of transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT) and non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) patients. Serum levels of 25-OHD3 have been measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method as ng/mL. Demographic and clinical information along with some biological tests, as well as the results of T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging were analyzed. Of 1959 registered patients, 487 (24.9%) patients had Vit-D-related data. The prevalence of Vit-D insufficiency (< 30 ng/mL) was 41.9, 95% CI 37.5–46.3. The adjusted risks of moderate to severe liver siderosis and raised AST (aspartate aminotransferase) for Vit-D insufficiency (< 30 ng/mL) were 2.31, 95% CI 1.38–3.89 and 2.62, 95% CI 1.43–4.79, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the predictive accuracy of ferritin for Vit-D insufficiency status was 0.61, 95% CI 0.54–0.68 with a cutoff point of 1,078 ng/mL (P = 0.03, sensitivity 67%, specificity 49%, positive predictive value [PPV] 47% and negative predictive value [NPV] 68%). In spite of the national programs for treating Vit-D deficiency and our previous efforts for giving supplements to all patients, Vit-D insufficiency/deficiency is still common in our patients. Also, moderate to severe liver siderosis and raised AST were the independent risk factors for the Vit-D insufficiency.
Evolution of respiratory syncytial virus genotype BA in Kilifi, Kenya, 15 years on
Authors: Kamau Everlyn , Otieno James R. , Lewa Clement S. , Mwema Anthony , Murunga Nickson , Nokes D. James , Agoti Charles N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is recognised as a leading cause of severe acute respiratory disease and deaths among infants and vulnerable adults. Clinical RSV isolates can be divided into several known genotypes. RSV genotype BA, characterised by a 60-nucleotide duplication in the G glycoprotein gene, emerged in 1999 and quickly disseminated globally replacing other RSV group B genotypes. Continual molecular epidemiology is critical to understand the evolutionary processes maintaining the success of the BA viruses. We analysed 735 G gene sequences from samples collected from paediatric patients in Kilifi, Kenya, between 2003 and 2017. The virus population comprised of several genetically distinct variants (n = 56) co-circulating within and between epidemics. In addition, there was consistent seasonal fluctuations in relative genetic diversity. Amino acid changes increasingly accumulated over the surveillance period including two residues (N178S and Q180R) that mapped to monoclonal antibody 2D10 epitopes, as well as addition of putative N-glycosylation sequons. Further, switching and toggling of amino acids within and between epidemics was observed. On a global phylogeny, the BA viruses from different countries form geographically isolated clusters suggesting substantial localized variants. This study offers insights into longitudinal population dynamics of a globally endemic RSV genotype within a discrete location.
Treatment of breast cancer in vivo by dual photodynamic and photothermal approaches with the aid of curcumin photosensitizer and magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Ashkbar Ali , Rezaei Fatemeh , Attari Farnoosh , Ashkevarian Saboura 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBreast cancer is a neoplastic disease with a high mortality rate among women. Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) attracted considerable attention because of their minimal invasiveness. The PTT approach works based on hyperthermia generation, and PDT approach employs laser irradiation to activate a reagent named photosensitizer. Therefore, in the current paper, a dual-functioned nanocomposite (NC) was designed for the treatment of breast cancer model in Balb/c mice with the combination of photodynamic and photothermal approaches. Transmission electron microscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, FTIR, and XRD were employed to validate the nanostructure and silica coating and curcumin (CUR) immobilization on the Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The effect of Fe3O4/SiO2-CUR combined with PDT and PTT was assessed in vivo on the breast tumor mice model, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was employed to evaluate the expression of apoptotic Bax and Caspase3 proteins. The TEM images, UV–visible absorption, and FTIR spectra demonstrated the successful immobilization of curcumin molecules on the surface of Fe3O4/SiO2. Also, MTT assay confirmed the nontoxic nature of Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticles in vitro. In the breast tumor mice model, we have assessed six treatment groups, including control, CUR + PDT, Blue + NIR (near-infrared) lasers, NC, NC + PTT, and NC + PDT + PTT. The tumor volume in the NC + PDT + PTT group showed a significant reduction compared to other groups (p < 0.05). More interestingly, the tumor volume of NC + PDT + PTT group showed a 27% decrease compared to its initial amount. It should be noted that no detectable weight loss or adverse effects on the vital organs was observed due to the treatments. Additionally, the IHC data represented that the expression of proapoptotic Bax and Caspase3 proteins were significantly higher in the NC + PDT + PTT group compared to the control group, indicative of apoptosis. To conclude, our data supported the fact that the NC + PDT + PTT strategy might hold a promising substitute for chemotherapy for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancers.
Algorithms for ribosome traffic engineering and their potential in improving host cells' titer and growth rate
Authors: Zur Hadas , Cohen-Kupiec Rachel , Vinokour Sophie , Tuller Tamir 
Published: December 2020

AbstractmRNA translation is a fundamental cellular process consuming most of the intracellular energy; thus, it is under extensive evolutionary selection for optimization, and its efficiency can affect the host's growth rate. We describe a generic approach for improving the growth rate (fitness) of any organism by introducing synonymous mutations based on comprehensive computational models. The algorithms introduce silent mutations that may improve the allocation of ribosomes in the cells via the decreasing of their traffic jams during translation respectively. As a result, resources availability in the cell changes leading to improved growth-rate. We demonstrate experimentally the implementation of the method on Saccharomyces cerevisiae: we show that by introducing a few mutations in two computationally selected genes the mutant's titer increased. Our approach can be employed for improving the growth rate of any organism providing the existence of data for inferring models, and with the relevant genomic engineering tools; thus, it is expected to be extremely useful in biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture.
Intra-individual dynamic comparison of 18F-PSMA-11 and 68Ga-PSMA-11 in LNCaP xenograft bearing mice
Authors: Piron Sarah , Verhoeven Jeroen , Descamps Benedicte , Kersemans Ken , De Man Kathia , Van Laeken Nick , Pieters Leen , Vral Anne , Vanhove Christian , De Vos Filip 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecently, a 18F-labeled derivative of the widely used 68Ga-PSMA-11 was developed for PET imaging of prostate cancer. Although 18F-PSMA-11 has already been evaluated in a Phase I and Phase II clinical trial, preclinical evaluation of this radiotracer is important for further understanding its dynamic behavior. Saturation binding experiments were conducted by incubation of LNCaP cells with 18F-PSMA-11 or 68Ga-PSMA-11 for 1 h, followed by determination of the specific and aspecific binding. Mice bearing LNCaP or PC-3 xenografts each received ± 3.7 MBq 18F-PSMA-11 and 68Ga-PSMA-11 followed by dynamic acquisition of 2.5 h as well as ± 15 MBq 18F-FDG followed by static acquisition at 1 h post injection (p.i.). Uptake was evaluated by comparison of uptake parameters (SUVmean, SUVmax, TBRmean and TBRmax). Mice underwent ex vivo biodistribution where 18F-PSMA-11 activity was measures in excretory organs (kidneys, bladder and liver) as well as bone fragments (femur, humerus, sternum and skull) to evaluate bone uptake. The dissociation constant (Kd) of 18F-PSMA-11 and 68Ga-PSMA-11 was 2.95 ± 0.87 nM and 0.49 ± 0.20 nM, respectively. Uptake parameters were significantly higher in LNCaP compared to PC-3 xenografts for both 18F-PSMA-11 and 68Ga-PSMA-11, while no difference was found for 18F-FDG uptake (except for SUVmax). Tumor uptake of 18F-PSMA-11 showed a similar trend over time as 68Ga-PSMA-11, although all uptake parameter curves of the latter were considerably lower. When comparing early (60 min p.i.) to delayed (150 min p.i.) imaging for both radiotracers individually, TBRmean and TBRmax were significantly higher at the later timepoint, as well as the SUVmax of 68Ga-PSMA-11. The highest %ID/g was determined in the kidneys (94.0 ± 13.6%ID/g 1 h p.i.) and the bladder (6.48 ± 2.18%ID/g 1 h p.i.). No significant increase in bone uptake was seen between 1 and 2 h p.i. Both radiotracers showed high affinity for the PSMA receptor. Over time, all uptake parameters were higher for 18F-PSMA-11 compared to 68Ga-PSMA-11. Delayed imaging with the latter may improve tumor visualization, while no additional benefits could be found for late 18F-PSMA-11 imaging. Ex vivo biodistribution demonstrated fast renal clearance of 18F-PSMA-11 as well as no significant increase in bone uptake.
The efficacy of probiotics in management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Bin , Zeng Xinyi , Liu Shaoyuan , Zou Jing , Wang Yan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere is currently a lack of effective drugs to cure recurrent aphthous stomatitis. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics alone or as an adjunct in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients. Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, of which three were included in quantitative analysis. Of five studies evaluating the efficacy of probiotics alone compared with placebo or Oracure gel, two reported no significant difference in relieving oral pain, while probiotics exhibited a higher capacity for decreasing oral pain in the other three. A significant decrease in ulcer severity was found in one, while no significant difference was found in the other four. The remaining two studies demonstrated that probiotics, as an adjunct to steroids or anaesthetic antiseptic gel, significantly reduced the ulcer severity and oral pain. The meta-analysis showed a significant decrease in oral pain (− 1.72, P = 0.0001) with probiotics compared with placebo. In conclusion, probiotics alone were capable of relieving oral pain but not effective in reducing ulcer severity. A combination of probiotics and steroids or anaesthetic antiseptic gel was more effective than steroids or anaesthetic antiseptic gel alone in RAS patients. Probiotics are promising for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Possible implications of sea level changes for species migration through the Suez Canal
Authors: Biton Eli 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Mediterranean and Red Sea, which were connected via the Suez Canal during the 19th century after eons of separation, host two distinctive ecosystems. Species invasion through the Suez Canal from the Red Sea vastly influences the ecology of the Mediterranean, but the level of reverse migration is assumed to be negligible. We present the first reconstructed flow transport record through the canal during the period 1923–2016. According to this reconstruction, the flow intensity and direction through the canal are strongly influenced by seasonal and long-term sea-level changes, which could also play a role in the characteristics of species migration through it. Our record not only supports previous observations of the unidirectional invasion until the 1980s and the accelerated species migration rates to the Mediterranean ever since, but also suggest that southward migration could have become possible since the early 1980s. The southward flow was primarily enhanced by Indian Ocean cooling and the Eastern Mediterranean Transition in deep water formation during the period 1980–2000. It was then gradually reduced by accelerated sea-level rise in the northern Indian Ocean.
Soluble VCAM-1 promotes gemcitabine resistance via macrophage infiltration and predicts therapeutic response in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Takahashi Ryota , Ijichi Hideaki , Sano Makoto , Miyabayashi Koji , Mohri Dai , Kim Jinsuk , Kimura Gen , Nakatsuka Takuma , Fujiwara Hiroaki , Yamamoto Keisuke , Kudo Yotaro , Tanaka Yasuo , Tateishi Keisuke , Nakai Yousuke , Morishita Yasuyuki , Soma Katsura , Takeda Norihiko , Moses Harold L. , Isayama Hiroyuki , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPancreatic cancer is one of the malignant diseases with the worst prognosis. Resistance to chemotherapy is a major difficulty in treating the disease. We analyzed plasma samples from a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer and found soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) increases in response to gemcitabine treatment. VCAM-1 was expressed and secreted by murine and human pancreatic cancer cells. Subcutaneous allograft tumors with overexpression or knock-down of VCAM-1, as well as VCAM-1-blocking treatment in the spontaneous mouse model of pancreatic cancer, revealed that sVCAM-1 promotes tumor growth and resistance to gemcitabine treatment in vivo but not in vitro. By analyzing allograft tumors and co-culture experiments, we found macrophages were attracted by sVCAM-1 to the tumor microenvironment and facilitated resistance to gemcitabine in tumor cells. In a clinical setting, we found that the change of sVCAM-1 in the plasma of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer was an independent prognostic factor for gemcitabine treatment. Collectively, gemcitabine treatment increases the release of sVCAM-1 from pancreatic cancer cells, which attracts macrophages into the tumor, thereby promoting the resistance to gemcitabine treatment. sVCAM-1 may be a potent clinical biomarker and a potential target for the therapy in pancreatic cancer.
A study of red blood cell alloimmunization and autoimmunization among 200 multitransfused Egyptian β thalassemia patients
Authors: El-Beshlawy Amal , Salama Alshymaa Ahmed , El-Masry Mohamed Roshdy , El Husseiny Noha M. , Abdelhameed Asmaa M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe development of hemolytic erythrocyte alloantibodies and autoantibodies complicates transfusion therapy in thalassemia patients. These antibodies ultimately increase the need for blood and intensify transfusion complications. There is a scanty data on the frequency of RBC alloimmunization and autoimmunization in Egyptian β thalassemia patients as pretransfusion antibody screening is not routinely performed. We studied the frequency of alloimmunization and autoimmunization among 200 multiply transfused β thalassemia patients and investigated the factors that possibly affect antibody formation. Of the 200 patients in our study, 94 were males and 106 females, with the age range of 2–37 years. Alloantibodies were detected in 36 (18%) of the patients, while autoantibodies were detected in 33 (16.5%). The dominant alloantibodies were directed against Kell (33%) and Rh (24.4%) groups. Alloimmunization had a significant relationship with treatment duration and the frequency of transfusion (P = 0.007, 0.001, respectively). The presence of autoantibodies was significantly related to age (P = 0.001), total number of transfused units (P = 0.000) and splenectomy (P = 0.000). The high prevalence of alloimmunization in the study population disclosed the need for providing phenotypically matched cells for selective antigens especially for Kell and Rh subgroups to reduce risk of alloimmunization and increase the efficiency of blood transfusion.
Bladder urothelium converts bacterial lipopolysaccharide information into neural signaling via an ATP-mediated pathway to enhance the micturition reflex for rapid defense
Authors: Ueda Norichika , Kondo Makoto , Takezawa Kentaro , Kiuchi Hiroshi , Sekii Yosuke , Inagaki Yusuke , Soda Tetsuji , Fukuhara Shinichiro , Fujita Kazutoshi , Uemura Motohide , Imamura Ryoichi , Miyagawa Yasushi , Nonomura Norio , Shimada Shoichi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWhen bacteria enter the bladder lumen, a first-stage active defensive mechanism flushes them out. Although urinary frequency induced by bacterial cystitis is a well-known defensive response against bacteria, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, using a mouse model of acute bacterial cystitis, we demonstrate that the bladder urothelium senses luminal extracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) through Toll-like receptor 4 and releases the transmitter ATP. Moreover, analysis of purinergic P2X2and P2X3receptor-deficient mice indicated that ATP signaling plays a pivotal role in the LPS-induced activation of L6–S1 spinal neurons through the bladder afferent pathway, resulting in rapid onset of the enhanced micturition reflex. Thus, we revealed a novel defensive mechanism against bacterial infection via an epithelial-neural interaction that induces urinary frequency prior to bacterial clearance by neutrophils of the innate immune system. Our results indicate an important defense role for the bladder urothelium as a chemical-neural transducer, converting bacterial LPS information into neural signaling via an ATP-mediated pathway, with bladder urothelial cells acting as sensory receptor cells.
miR-152/TNS1 axis inhibits non-small cell lung cancer progression through Akt/mTOR/RhoA pathway
Authors: Duan Jinjin , Wang Li , Shang Liqun , Yang Shumei , Wu Hua , Huang Yongcheng , Miao Yi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aim: The purpose of the present study was to explore the function and mechanism of tensin 1 (TNS1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression.
Methods: The expression of TNS1 in NSCLC cells and tissues was assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot. Besides, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was recruited to explore the association between TNS1 and NSCLC. Cell growth was analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry assay, while cell metastasis was determined by wound healing and transwell assays. The targeting relationship between TNS1 and miR-152 was assessed by luciferase activity assays. And Western blot was employed to determine the expression of related proteins of Akt/mTOR/RhoA pathway.
Results: TNS1 level was boosted in NSCLC cells and tissues, related to the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Furthermore, it was proved that TNS1 promoted the growth and metastasis of NSCLC cells via Akt/mTOR/RhoA pathway. And miR-152 targeted TNS1 to affect the progression of NSCLC.
Conclusion: miR-152/TNS1 axis inhibits the progression of NSCLC by Akt/mTOR/RhoA pathway.
Decoction of heat-clearing, detoxifying and blood stasis removing relieves acute soft tissue injury via modulating miR-26b-5p/COX2 axis to inhibit inflammation
Authors: Jiang Shunwan , Chen Zhi , Lai Wenqiang , Mai Qingchun , Chen Dayu , Sun Shufen , Zhang Yong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang, a heat-clearing and detoxifying decoction is beneficial for alleviation of inflammation-related diseases. The objective of the present study is to uncover the effect and mechanism of heat-clearing, detoxifying and blood stasis removing decoction (HDBD) on the treatment of acute soft tissue injury (STI) which is characterized with excessive inflammatory cascade at the onset. Male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats with hammer beating served as the in vivo models of acute STI. Hematoxylin–Eosin (HE) staining was used for histopathology assessment. The levels of inflammatory factors, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1t and IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Human dermal microvascular endothelium cell line HMEC-1 and rat vascular endothelium cell line RAOEC were used to explore the mechanism in vitro. Luciferase gene reporter assay was applied to determine the relationship between miR-26b-5p and Cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX2). The results showed that HDBD intervention significantly reduced the temperature difference between the healthy side and affected side of rats with hammer beating, together with the decreased levels of COX2, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, and the increased level of miR-26b-5p. In mechanism, miR-26b-5p targeted COX2 and decreased its expression, leading to significant decreases in the levels of PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6 in RAOEC and HMEC-1 cells. In addition, miR-26b-5p inhibition impaired the effects of HDBD on the suppression of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in vitro. In conclusion, the present study revealed that HDBD relieved acute STI via modulating miR-26b-5p/COX2 axis to inhibit inflammation.