bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe Marginal Ulcerative Keratitis Induced by an Insect Foreign Body in the Cornea
Authors: Wang Minshu , Wang Haikun , Xiao Gege , Lin Jinyong , Wang Wei , Li Yingyu , Hong Jing 
Published: May 2020

Purpose:
To report an uncommon case in which an insect foreign body (FB) in the cornea induced severe marginal ulcerative keratitis.

Methods:
The insect body was removed during an eye examination. A shaped deep lamellar keratoplasty was then performed on the ulcerous corneal tissue and pseudopterygium. The insect FB was identified as a member of the nontoxic Diptera insect order, belonging to either the Chloropidae or Sphaeroceridae family.

Results:
The patient recovered well after the keratoplasty, and her corneal graft was clear with significantly improved visual acuity after 2 months.

Conclusions:
Long-time retention of a nontoxic insect FB in the cornea could induce severe noninfectious keratitis. Individually designed deep lamellar keratoplasty successfully restored the transparency of the cornea and visual function.
A Predictive Risk Model for Infection-Related Hospitalization Among Home Healthcare Patients
Authors: Shang Jingjing , Russell David , Dowding Dawn , McDonald Margaret V. , Murtaugh Christopher , Liu Jianfang , Larson Elaine L. , Sridharan Sridevi , Brickner Carlin 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Infection prevention is a high priority for home healthcare (HHC), but tools are lacking to identify patients at highest risk of developing infections. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a predictive risk model to identify HHC patients at risk of an infection-related hospitalization or emergency department visit. A nonexperimental study using secondary data was conducted. The Outcome and Assessment Information Set linked with relevant clinical data from 112,788 HHC admissions in 2014 was used for model development (70% of data) and testing (30%). A total of 1,908 patients (1.69%) were hospitalized or received emergency care associated with infection. Stepwise logistic regression models discriminated between individuals with and without infections. Our final model, when classified by highest risk of infection, identified a high portion of those who were hospitalized or received emergent care for an infection while also correctly categorizing 90.5% of patients without infection. The risk model can be used by clinicians to inform care planning. This is the first study to develop a tool for predicting infection risk that can be used to inform how to direct additional infection control intervention resources on high-risk patients, potentially reducing infection-related hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and costs.
An overview of pancreatic trauma
Authors: Agarwal Harshit , Gupta Amit , Kumar Subodh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pancreatic trauma remains a challenge to a trauma surgeon even with extensive advancement in medicine. The mortality and morbidity associated with this injury remain high. A high index of suspicion, mechanism of injury, and early identification hold key in the final outcome. The management of pancreatic injury should involve a multidisciplinary team comprising of trauma surgeons, radiologists, and gastroenterologists. This review highlights the burden of the pancreatic injury and its management.
Trauma Data Quality Improvement: One Center's Experience With Telecommuting and Paperless Data Management
Authors: Seegert Sara , Chapman Bethany , Bork Kelly , Runkle Kimberly , Eickhoff Chandra 
Published: May 2020

The American College of Surgeons requires that trauma centers collect and enter data into the National Trauma Data Registry in compliance with the National Trauma Data Standard. ProMedica supports employment of 4 trauma data analysts who are responsible for entering information in a timely manner, validating the data, and analyzing data to evaluate established benchmarks and support the performance improvement and patient safety process. Historically, these analysts were located on-site at ProMedica Toledo Hospital. In 2017, a proposal was developed including modifications to data collection to streamline processes, move toward paperless documentation, and allow for the analysts to telecommute. To measure the effect of these changes, the timeliness of data entry, rate of data validation, productivity, and staff satisfaction were measured. After the transition to electronic data management and home-based workstations, registry data were being entered within 30 days and 100% of cases were being validated, without sacrificing effective and efficient communication between in-hospital and home-based staff. The institution also benefitted from reduced expense for physical space, employee turnover, and decreased employee absenteeism. The analysts appreciated benefits related to time, travel, environment, and job satisfaction.
It is feasible to transition trauma data analysts to a work-from-home situation. An all-electronic system of data management and communication makes such an arrangement possible and sustainable. This quality improvement project solved a workspace issue and was beneficial to the trauma program overall, with the timeliness and validation of data entry vastly improved.
Physiological fluorodeoxyglucose uptake of spinal cord in adults
Authors: Guner Levent A. , Unal Kemal , Vardareli Erkan , Kaya Eser , Temiz Hakan , Dayioglu Tugba 
Published: May 2020

Objective
Physiological fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake of spinal cord needs to be correctly recognized during evaluation of whole-body PET scans, especially for oncological cases. Our aim was to analyze physiological cord FDG uptake and its relation to gender, age, body weight, environmental temperature and time to imaging.

Materials and methods
PET scans of 254 patients in a single year, one patient for every working day were retrospectively selected. Temperature data were obtained from meteorology recordings. Maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of spinal cord at cervical and lower thoracic levels were noted. Spinal canal at L5 level, cerebellum and liver were used for normalization. Correlations with age, body weight, time to imaging and environmental temperature were analyzed.

Results
Cervical SUV was higher than thoracic SUV (2.5–2.3). Cervical and lower thoracic SUV’s were strongly correlated, highest when corrected with L5 level vertebral canal and liver (corr coeff 0.84 and 0.75) and lowest with cerebellum (corr coeff 0.4). Cervical spinal cord FDG uptake was higher for females than males (2.6 to 2.4). Temperature and age did not change spinal cord uptake. There were weak positive correlations with body weight (corr coeff 0.16 and 0.28, cervical and thoracic). There was weak negative correlation of cervical uptake with time to imaging (corr coeff −0.17).

Conclusion
Spinal cord FDG uptake at cervical and lower thoracic levels are strongly correlated. Females have slightly higher cervical SUV. Age and temperature does not change spinal cord FDG uptake in adults. Cord SUV’s slightly increased with body weight.
Timing of peptide receptor radiotargeted therapy in relation to cardiac valve surgery for carcinoid heart disease in patients with neuroendocrine metastases and cardiac syndrome. A single-centre study from a centre of excellence
Authors: Davis Laura May , Nicou N , Martin Wendy , Corcoran Ben , Mulholland Nicola , Srirajaskanthan R , Ramage J , Wendler O , Vivian G 
Published: May 2020

Introduction
Perioperative mortality of patients who undergo heart valve surgery for carcinoid heart valve disease has been observed to be high (5%–10%). We investigated whether peptide receptor radiotherapy with lutetium-177 dotatate can be used safely in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasm carcinoid heart valve disease and if there is associated survival advantage by reducing overall exposure of the valves to high doses of vasoactive peptides.

Method
Retrospective case notes review was performed on 18 neuroendocrine neoplasm patients (mean 60 years), who underwent heart valve surgery between 2003 and 2017 for carcinoid heart valve disease, 9 of whom received peptide receptor radiotherapy in addition to surgery.

Results
All patients were treated with somatostatin receptor antagonists and underwent cardiac valvular surgery (mean two valves replaced) and three benefitted from additional coronary bypass grafting. Nine patients underwent surgery alone: in this group, the time from surgery to progression was 14 months (mean; SD 13.5 months). Nine were treated with peptide receptor radiotherapy in addition to surgery. Six underwent surgery with peptide receptor radiotherapy on progression. Time to progression from surgery to first peptide receptor radiotherapy was mean 25.1 months (SD 23.6 months). No patients developed peritreatment cardiac complications. There were no deaths within the 30-day postoperative period. Average time from surgery to last follow-up/death was 41 months (6–79) in the surgery + lutetium group and in the surgery only group 17 months (1–24). Nine patients died, five in the surgery + lutetium group and four in the surgery only group, all at greater than 1-year postsurgery.

Discussion
Peptide receptor radiotherapy is safe in the setting of Carcinoid valvular heart disease in patients with controlled heart failure, PPRT can be use in the pre- and post-valve surgery period. There appears to be a survival benefit of having peptide receptor radiotherapy. Further evidence for peptide receptor radiotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting prior to cardiothoracic surgery is required.
Tuberculosis in children: screening, diagnosis and management
Authors: Howard-Jones Annaleise R. , Marais Ben J. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of review
The present review focuses on recent advances and current challenges in screening, diagnosis and management of tuberculosis (TB) in children, encompassing TB infection and TB disease, and public health priorities for screening and family engagement.

Recent findings
Although awareness has improved in recent years that children in TB endemic areas suffer a huge disease burden, translation into better prevention and care remains challenging. Recent WHO guidelines have incorporated screening of all household contacts of pulmonary TB cases, but implementation in high incidence settings remains limited. Improved tests using noninvasive samples, such as the lateral flow urinary lipoarabinomannan assay and the new Xpert Ultra assay applied to induced sputum or stool in young children, are showing promise and further assessment is eagerly awaited. From a treatment perspective, child-friendly dispersible fixed dose combination tablets are now widely available with excellent acceptability and tolerance reported in young children.

Summary
High-level government commitment to TB control as a public health priority and feasible strategies to achieve this are required to contain the global epidemic, whereas strong engagement of local TB clinics and affected families in TB prevention is essential to limit secondary cases and protect exposed children.
Pediatric burn care: new techniques and outcomes
Authors: Partain Kristin P. , Fabia Renata , Thakkar Rajan K. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of review
Thermal injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This review highlights the current management of thermal injury and its complications.

Recent findings
Many recent advances in burn care have improved the outcomes of patients with thermal injury; however, variability does exist, and there are many opportunities for improvement. This review will highlight the complexity of issues encountered along the continuum of care for thermal injury patients. Accurate estimation of total burn surface area (TBSA) of a burn continues to be a challenge in pediatric patients. Variability continues to exist surrounding the management of burn resuscitation and complex wounds. Children with extensive burns have profound immune and metabolic changes that can lead to multiple complications, including infections, growth arrest, and loss of lean body mass. Standardization in measurements related to quality of life and psychological stress following pediatric thermal injury is much needed.

Summary
The care of pediatric patients with thermal injury is complex and multifaceted. This review highlights the most recent advances in pediatric burn care.
A Retrospective Analysis of Factors Impacting Rehabilitation Outcomes in Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Zhao Shengjie , Zhang Tong , Zhao Jun , Li Bingjie , Wu Zhangwei 
Published: May 2020

Objective
This study aimed to identify the factors associated with motor and activities of daily living recovery after 4-wk rehabilitation in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Design
Eight hundred ten eligible patients were enrolled and engaged in 4-wk rehabilitation. Fugl-Meyer score and Modified Barthel Index were used to measure the motor and activities of daily living function. Multivariate linear regressions were used to investigate the effect of the 23 preexisting conditions in intracerebral hemorrhage patients (eg, scales of functional abilities, spasticity, cognition, and mental disorders) on efficacy outcomes after 4-wk rehabilitation.

Results
The results indicated the following: (1) young age, absence of diabetes mellitus, right hemiplegia, early rehabilitation, elbow spasticity, and higher cognitive and motor function were significantly associated with better prognosis after 4-wk rehabilitation; (2) patients who started rehabilitation within 120 days of stroke onset had significantly better outcomes; (3) activities of daily living function could be further improved for those patients wherein the time since stroke onset was more than 121 days; and (4) improving cognitive function may improve functional ability after rehabilitation in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Conclusions
The results could enable clinicians to predict the intracerebral hemorrhage rehabilitation outcome and achieve the maximum favorable outcome to facilitate personal independence.
Metabolic Evolution of Brain Metastasis After Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Authors: Cicone Francesco , Carideo Luciano , Villani Veronica , Scaringi Claudia , Bozzao Alessandro , Scopinaro Francesco , Minniti Giuseppe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe differentiation between radiation-induced changes and tumor recurrence is a major pitfall of magnetic resonance imaging, which can be overcome by the use of PET. Although amino-acid PET tracers showed several advantages over18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in neurooncology, studies comparing these 2 types of radiopharmaceuticals in previously irradiated brain metastases are lacking. Here, we demonstrated a mismatch between 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-l-phenylalanine (F-DOPA) and FDG in the first report of a previously irradiated brain metastasis undergoing a longitudinal evaluation by sequential double tracer PET imaging.
Surgical Treatment of Aggressive Intraosseous Cavernous Hemangioma in Maxilla Through Surgical Resection
Authors: Ribeiro Igor Lerner Hora , Vasconcelos Mariana de Lyra , Panjwani Camila Maria Beder Ribeiro Girish , Silva Hugo Leonardo Madeiro Arcanjo , da Hora Sales Pedro Henrique , Andrade Clarisse Samara de 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hemangiomas are benign vascular lesions characterized by endothelial vascular proliferation and may demonstrate aggressive clinical features. Intraosseous hemangiomas are uncommon and the maxillary location rare, with few cases described in the literature. The treatment of these lesions varies, however they have a better prognosis when a surgical treatment through resection is performed. The aim of this study is to report a case of right maxillary cavernous intraosseous hemangioma treated by surgical resection with previous embolization. The diagnosis was made through incisional biopsy and immunohistochemical examination. An aggressive lesion profile was observed through the Ki67 marker. During surgery, a temporary ipsilateral external carotid artery ligation was performed to minimize possible bleeding. Weber-Fergson surgical access was performed and total surgical resection through hemi-maxillectomy. The patient is stable after 30 months of follow-up without relapses. In suspected cases of intraosseous hemangiomas, accurate diagnosis and total surgical resection of the lesion is essential. The use of therapeutic mammoths that minimize sagging during and after the procedure such as embolization and arteriography should always be performed.
An Otalgia Cause: Temporomandibular Joint Herniation From Foramen of Huschke to External Auditory Canal
Authors: Kinar Abdullah , Bucak Abdulkadir , Ulu Şahin 
Published: May 2020

Objectives:
The authors presented a rare case of temporomandibular joint hernation into the external auditory canal. The authors discuss 1 cause of otalgia.

Case Report:
A 52 year old male patient complained about his left ear otalgia for 3 months. Patient said that it had occurred after a painful mastication. On physical examination he had a rounded expanded mass in left ear external auditory canal that is located at the anterior-inferior wall of EAC When patient open his mouth the mass turn back to original position and mass was disappeared. Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint was revealed.

Conclusion:
Foramen of Huschke a bony defect in tympanic plate that may cause the spontaneous herniation of temporomandibular joint to external auditory canal. This herniation cause otalgia commonly. Opening and closing the mouth and palpation of temporomandibuler joint should be a part of physical examination when finding out non-otological causes of otalgia.
Effects of Multiple Factors on Treatment Outcome in the Three-Dimensional Maxillary Arch Morphometry of Children With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Haque Sanjida , Khamis Mohd Fadhli , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Ahmad Wan Muhamad Amir Wan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStudies have claimed that the maxillary arch dimension of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patient is significantly smaller than normal patient. Multiple factors (both congenital and post natal treatment factors) are believed to have an impact on the treatment outcome (maxillary arch retardation) of UCLP patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of multiple factors on the treatment outcome by assessing the maxillary arch dimension of UCLP Children. Eighty-five Malaysian UCLP children were taken who received cheiloplasty and palatoplasty. Laser scanned 3D digital models of UCLP subjects were prepared before any orthodontic treatment and bone grafting at 7.69 ± 2.46 (mean± SD) years of age. Intercanine width (ICW), intermolar width (IMW), and arch depth (AD) measurements of maxillary arch were measured with Mimics software. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between multiple factors (gender, UCLP type, UCLP side, family history of cleft, family history of class III malocclusion, techniques of cheiloplasty, and techniques of palatoplasty) and maxillary arch dimensions (ICW, IMW, and AD).Pvalue was set at 5%. Significant association was found between 2 techniques of cheiloplasty and ICW (P = 0.001) and also between 2 techniques of palatoplasty and ICW (P = 0.046) of maxilla. No significant association observed in IMW and AD in relation to all other factors. Modified Millard techniques of Cheiloplasty and Bardach technique of palatoplasty had unfavorable effect on the treatment outcome by assessing the maxillary arch dimension (ICW) using laser scanned 3D digital models in Malaysian UCLP children.
Transient Velopharyngeal Insufficiency After Calcified Stylohyoid Ligament Resection
Authors: Çam Osman Halit , Koçdor Pelin , Özlüoğlu Levent N. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Elongation of the stylohyoid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament is known as the Eagle syndrome. Mostly, it is seen incidentally on imaging or with extreme suspicion and usually patients are asymptomatic.
Surgery is the preferred method in symptomatic patients. Transcervical or transoral methods may be preferred as surgical route.
A 28-year-old female patient who had formerly underwent tonsillectomy presented with throat and ear pain. A neck computed tomography was performed, and the patient was diagnosed as Eagle Syndrome. Surgery was recommended.
Patient developed transient velopharyngeal insufficiency on postoperative day 4. Ventilation exercise and follow-up was recommended. Complaints of the patient decreased on the 15th day.
It should be kept in mind that stylohyoid ligament may be calcified in young age group and middle age group patients with dysphagia or odynophagia, and differential diagnosis should be performed. Another issue is the condition of velofaringeal insufficiency which may occur due to the damage of the pharynx muscles by deep dissection during surgery.
Study on the Effect of Lidocaine in the Cuff for Endotracheal Tube in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Zhan Biming , Song Zhiping , Chen Shibiao , Min Jia , Zhang Yang 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness on postoperative pharyngalgia of filling the endotracheal catheter (ETC) cuffs with air, double distilled water, 2% lidocaine hydrochloride, and 1.73% lidocaine carbonate.

Methods:
A group of 80 female patients were divided into 4 groups randomly. The ETC cuffs were filled with air (Group A), double distilled water (Group B), 2% lidocaine hydrochloride (Group C), and 1.73% lidocaine carbonate (Group D) after endotracheal intubation in corresponding patients. Sore throat, hoarseness, bucking, perioperative hemodynamic changes were examined in all participants.

Results:
The Group D had significantly less severity of POST (P < 0.05), postoperative hoarseness (P < 0.05) and bucking on emergence from general anesthesia (P < 0.01) than patients from other groups. The Group D reported significantly less hemodynamic changes after extubation 1, 5, 10 minutes (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Lidocaine carbonate injected into the ETC cuffs decreased the severity of postoperative pharyngalgia, postoperative hoarseness and bucking on emergence from general anesthesia.
A Rare Cause of Headache That Should Be Kept in Mind: Isolated Concha Bullosa Fungus Ball
Authors: Gündüz Emrah , Çiçek Mehmet Turan , Bozoğlu Mehmet , Tan Mehmet , Bayindir Tuba 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Concha bullosa is characterized by pneumotization of the middle turbinate and is a common variation of sinonasal anatomy and is often asymptomatic. The presence of a fungus ball in concha bullosa and the associated clinic symptoms are very rare. Concha bullosa fungus balls are a rare differential diagnosis in a patient presenting to the otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic with headache.
In this article, the authors aimed to present an isolated fungus ball case in concha bullosa as a rare cause of headache differential diagnosis.