bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures Involving the Posterior Fragment: Injury Mechanism and Fracture Characteristics
Authors: Pan Shuo , Peng Aqin , Hu Yaning , Wang Shuai , Zhang Xiao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Bicondylar tibial plateau fracture (BTPF) involving the posterior fragment is the most complex intra-articular fracture to treat. Although the fracture characteristics of BTPFs have been reported by many researchers, due to the sophisticated kinematics of the knee, reports focused on the injury mechanism are still scarce. The current injury mechanism is insufficient to explain the various fracture characteristics and to guide surgery. This study used a three-dimensional (3D) simulation method to investigate the injury mechanism and fracture characteristics of BTPFs involving the posterior fragment.Methods: Ninety-six BTPFs involving the posterior fragment were included. A computer-assisted 3D technique, which enabled us to move the femoral condyles to match the displaced fracture fragments of the tibial plateau, was applied to analysis the injury mechanism for all cases. The 3D and two-dimensional (2D) morphology of each fracture were reviewed thoroughly, and the main fracture lines were mapped and superimposed on a template. Results: After simulation andquantitatively analysis, three main types (extension, flexion-internal rotation, flexion-external rotation) and six sub-types (valgus and varus in each main type) of injury mechanism had been classified according to the degree of knee motion in three planes. In the extension type, femoral condyles compress the anterolateral tibial plateau and central medial plateau, resulting in an anterior-to-posterior fracture line. In the flexion-internal rotation type, the compressed areas are located on the posterolateral and anteromedial plateau, forming an oblique anteromedial-to-posterolateral fracture line. In the flexion-external rotation type, the compressed areas are located on the anterolateral and posteromedial plateau, exhibiting an anterolateral-to-posteromedial fracture line. Conclusions: Differentinjury mechanisms result in different fracture characteristics. A thorough understanding of the injury mechanisms underlying complex BTPFs involving the posterior fragment is meaningful not only for fracture characteristics reorganization but also for surgical decision making. The 3D simulation method employed in this study may be a useful supplemental method for investigating the mechanisms underlying fracture injuries.
Kneeling Assessment After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft Versus Hamstring Autograft
Authors: Hulaibi Fahad Al , Eid Zainab Al , Taher Saad Al , Albarrak Abdulaziz , Alzaid Zaid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: ACL reconstruction surgeries is a common surgery that aim to provide stability and return functionality post ACL injury. Commonly, bone patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) and hamstring tendon autografts are used for the reconstruction. The choice of optimal autograft remains debatable to achieve satisfactory outcomes for various activities after reconstruction, including kneeling as widely needed, especially in prayers among Muslims. Kneeling with considerable ranges of motion and the minimum level of pain is still under rigorous investigations to choose proper autograft.Purpose: Hereby, we compare kneeling outcomes post-operatively using bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts with hamstring autografts for ACL reconstruction.Methods: A retrospective cohort study; Level of evidence (III) has enrolled. Adult patients underwent primary ACL reconstruction using either BPTB or HS autografts after they consented at a single institution with a minimum of 1-year as follow-up post-operatively were reviewed for assessment of the surgery’s outcomes in regards of kneeling pain and subjective assessment measures using International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) evaluation system.Results: A total of Thirty-two males were met our inclusion criteria. Analysis of data provided that 12 patients were in the BPTB group and 20 patients in the HS group. All patients show ACL rupture was sustained during participation in the athletic activity. After a follow-up of 1-year, there was no statistically significant difference between scores of two groups when comparing patient-reported outcome measures, with mean IKDC scores of 68.5 and 62.55 in the BPTB and HS groups, respectively. Interestingly, insignificant statistical differences observed in both groups regarding kneeling pain in the BPTB group when compared with the HS group.Conclusion: The findings of our study have shown that Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using either hamstring autograft or bone patellar tendon autograft ends with equally reasonable satisfactory outcomes, with an insignificant difference in kneeling pain between both groups.
Compositional and functional comparisons of the microbiota in the colostrum and mature milk of dairy goats
Authors: Niyazbekova Zhannur , Yao Xiao-Ting , Liu Ming-Jie , Bold Nomin , Tong Juan-Zhen , Chang Jian-Jun , Wen Ying , Li Li , Wang Yong , Chen De-Kun , Ma Wen-Tao 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

BackgroundGoat milk is essential for the initial development of kids by providing a great source of commensal bacteria. Here we analyzed the microbiota of goat colostrum which was collected daily for five days post delivery and mature milk collected at the 7th, 10th, 20nd, 30th, 40th, 50th and 60th days, respectively, from three farms of Shaanxi province.ResultsThe result showed that microbial alpha diversity was higher in the mature milk compared with that in the colostrum. According to taxonomy results, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the predominant bacteria phyla in both colostrum and mature milk. In addition, lactation stage noticeably influenced the composition of milk microbiota. Specifically, Novosphingobium, Brachybacterium, Psychrobacter, Lactobacillus, Yersinia, Roseatelesand, Rothia, Sanguibacter, Cloacibacterium, Variovorax, Sphingobacterium, Coxiella were enriched in the colostrum while Georgenia, Peptostreptococcus, Bacteroidales, Yaniella, Planomicrobium, Cloacibacterium, Azospirillum, Turicibacter, Cupriavidus, Herbaspirillum, Rhodobacteraceae, Aeromonadales were the dominant genera in the mature milk. The enriched metabolic functions of the goat milk microbiota were predicted by PICRUSt and classified by KEGG patway. Moreover, the abundances of the environmental information processing, cellular processes pathway, genetic information processing pathway, organismal systems pathway and metabolism pathway were significantly different between microbiota of colostrum and mature milk.ConclusionsAltogether, our study disclosed the significant difference between the microbial communities of colostrum and mature milk and provided grounds for further research in dairy microbiology.
Changes between longissimus dorsi muscle from donkey, cow, and goat assessed by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses
Authors: Sun Yan , Wang Jinpeng , Li Yuhua , Yang Chunhong , Wang Xiuge , Ju Zhihua , Jiang Qiang , Huang Jinming , Wang Changfa 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Domestic donkeys (Equus asinus) are farm animals; they are used mainly for carrying loads in the past centuries. Recently, interests on donkey milk and meat production have increased in many countries. Donkey meat is extremely popular in China due to its high nutritional value and unique flavor. Except the origin and domestication of donkeys, few genetic studies have been conducted. Moreover, data from transcriptional profiling and microRNA (miRNA) regulation of skeletal muscle tissues in donkey are scarce. Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing techniques can offer large-scale analysis of gene expression in different species. This study aimed to explore the differences of the molecular and regulation mechanisms among donkey meat, beef, and mutton using genome-wide transcriptomic analysis and proteomic methods to provide more effective genetic information.Methods: RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis (on the basis of isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) on donkey, cow, and goat muscles, and miRNAs in donkey muscles were detected. We performed a comprehensive research on total RNA, including miRNAs from donkey muscles. The mRNA expression profiles were characterized and differences in single-copy homologous genes among species were analyzed.Results: Most differentially expressed genes were associated with pathways related to protein and fat synthesis and metabolism, muscle formation, and development. We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in donkey muscle and alternative splicing (AS) events. A total of 57,201 putative SNPs were found, and the main SNP variations were located in known genes. Several AS events occurred in genes related to muscle fiber. Different AS events were also noted among species. Muscle proteomic data were obtained, including all expressed proteins and differentially expressed proteins. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis effectively revealed pivotal mRNAs and proteins in muscles. We found five genes associated with thin and thick filaments, which indirectly explained the characteristics of donkey muscle fibers.Conclusion: RNA-seq and iTRAQ analysis revealed altered expression of genes and proteins in three kinds of muscle. In the highly expressed genes of donkey muscle, we discovered 31 expressed genes were involved in muscle contraction and skeletal muscle fiber development. Compared with mutton, five genes related to muscle fiber synthesis were found and showed differences both at transcriptional and proteome levels in donkey muscle. Meanwhile, genetic variation and regulatory factors can combine as a database to provide more valuable molecular information for further analysis.
Influence of reversal with sugammadex or neostigmine on postoperative bowel movement following robotic thyroidectomy: a retrospective study
Authors: Lee Min Jeong , Chun Duk-Hee , Hong Jung Hwa , Choi Seung Yeon , Kim Na Young 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Postoperative bowel dysfunction poses difficulty during recovery, and reversal agents may affect bowel function. The purpose of this study was to determine whether time to first postoperative bowel movement after non-abdominal surgery differs among neuromuscular (NM) blockade reversal with either anticholinesterase/anticholinergic combination or sugammadex.
Methods

The electronic medical records of 108 patients who underwent robotic thyroidectomy between March 2018 and July 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The use of agents to reverse NM blockade (neostigmine 1 mg and glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg, or sugammadex 2 mg/kg) was decided by the attending anesthesiologist. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings and first gas-passing time after surgery were assessed.
Results

The median gas passing time after operation was 957.5 min (425–1455) in the neostigmine group and 600 min (310–1080) in the sugammadex group (P = 0.113). Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that first gas-passing time within 12 h after operation was significantly associated with perioperative use of opioid analgesics (odds ratio = 2.85, 95% confidence interval 1.26–6.43, P = 0.012). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association of reversal agents, perioperative opioid use, or postoperative hypocalcemia with first gas-passing time within 12 h after operation.
Conclusions

Sugammadex may not cause a delay in postoperative gastric motility compared to neostigmine/glycopyrrolate in patients undergoing robotic thyroidectomy.
Effects of dexmedetomidine addition to low concentration of lidocaine/ropivacaine mixtures for ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block
Authors: Wang Qi , Ding Wengang , Feng Lu , Li Wenzhi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDexmedetomidine(DEX) has been used in combination with different local anesthetics (LAs) to improve the quality of peripheral nerve blocks. However, there is little evidence of the effects of DEX in a mixture of two LAs for brachial plexus block (BPB).The aim of this study was to investigate if DEX combined with low concentration of lidocaine/ropivacaine mixtures may further reduce the onset time and prolong block duration and analgesia time for performing ultrasound-guided axillary BPB.MethodsSeventy-five ASA Ι or II patients, scheduled for forearm or hand surgery were randomly allocated into three groups: Group R (n = 25) received 30 mL of 0.25% ropivacaine + 3 mL of 0.9% NaCl; Group RL (n = 25) received 30 mL of 1:1 0.25% ropivacaine/0.5% lidocaine + 3 mL of 0.9% NaCl; Group RLD (n = 25) received 30 mL of 1:1 0.25% ropivacaine/ 0.5%lidocaine + 3 mL of 0.75 µg/kg DEX. The hemodynamic changes, BIS values, onset time and duration of sensory and motor blocks, the analgesic time and the times of rescue analgesics within 48 h were recorded.ResultsThe onset times of sensory and motor blocks were significantly shorter in group RL and group RLD compared with group R (P < 0.0001), but no significant difference was detected between group RL and group RLD (P > 0.05). The analgesic time and the block durations in group RLD were significantly longer than that in group R and group RL (P < 0.0001). In group RLD, the times of flurbiprofen treatment were significantly reduced compared with group R and group RL(P < 0.0001). The BIS values in group RLD were significantly decreased than those of group R and group RL from 20 min till 60 min(P < 0.05).ConclusionsCombination of ropivacaine and lidocaine produces shorter onset time than ropivacaine alone in axillary BPB. DEX added to ropivacaine/lidocaine mixtures prolongs the duration of sensory and motor blocks, extends analgesic time and exerts a considerable sedative effect.Trial registrationThe clinical trial was registered in “Chinese Clinical Trial Registry” (http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx) and the registered number was “ChiCTR-IPR-16007742”, on 12th January 2016.
Identification of prognostic genes from the breast cancer microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Xiao-lu , Wang Jia , Liu Cun , Gao Chun-di , Zhuang Jing , Liu Li-juan , Ma Xiao-ran , Wu Ji-biao , Sun Peng , sun Changgang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Prognostic evaluation of breast cancer is crucial in deciding the course of clinical treatment. The levels of immune cells and stromal cells in tumor microenvironment provide a new approach to evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer.Method: We obtained mRNA gene expression profiles of breast cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), evaluated immune and stromal scores in tumor microenvironment (TME) using the ESTIMATE algorithm. We also constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and performed function enrichment analysis and prognostic analysis.Results A total of 898 samples were divided into two groups corresponding to high and low score for both stromal as well as immune scores. 247 differentially expressed genes were identified, most of which were associated with T cell activation, lymphocyte differentiation, and cytokine receptor activity. We finally found 10 hub genes. Among them, we were able to confirm the following genes significantly association with prognosis: CCR5, CD2, CD3E, and CD5. Two important modules were isolated from the PPI network and for further analysis.Conclusion This study identified a group of genes significantly associated with the prognosis of breast cancer, and their efficacy still requires further clinical data validation.
Construct ion of co - expression modules related to survival by WGCNA and identif ication of potential prognostic biomarkers in glioblastoma
Authors: Zhou Jing , Guo Hao , Liu Likun , Hao Shulan , Guo Zhi , Zhang Fupeng , Wang Zhi , Zhang Weiwei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor with poor prognosis. However, the potential pathogenesis and therapeutic target s still needs to be explored.Methods: Herein, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) expression profile data and clinical information were downloaded, and the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was conducted. Subsequently, hub genes which closely related to the poor prognosis of GBM were obtained. Further, the relationship between the genes of interest and prognosis of GBM patients, and immune microenvironment were analysed. Patients from TCGA were divided into high- and low-risk groups.Results: Top 10 hub genes (CDC20, NCAPH, CDCA5, BUB1, CDCA8, PBK, KIF2C, TPX2, TTK and TOP2A) were obtained. Then, we performed single-gene analysis on CDCA5 and CDCA8 as genes of interest. We found that their expression levels were closely related to overall survival (OS). They had good correlations with the genes that regulate cell cycle in p53 signaling pathway. Moreover, it revealed that high amplication of CDCA5 was correlated with CD8 + T cells while CDCA8 with CD4 + T cells, and the expression of these two genes showed a significant difference in OS.Conclusions: These results might provide new molecular targets and intervention strategy for GBM.
The incidence rate, species distribution and dynamic trends of bloodstream infection in China, 2010-2019
Authors: Cui Jiewei , Li Meng , Wang Juan , Zhu Qiang , Qiang Xiaofei , Liang Zhixin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Recent epidemiological studies on bloodstream infections (BSIs) that include the incidence rate, species distribution and dynamic changes are scarce in China. This study was performed to understand these epidemiological data of BSIs over the past 10 years in China.

Method

Using real-time nosocomial infection surveillance system, this study was retrospectively performed on BSIs in one of the largest hospitals in China, from January 2010 to December 2019.

Results

From 2010 to 2019, there were totally 9381 episodes of BSIs out of 1,437,927 adult hospitalized patients in the hospital, the total incidence rate of BSIs was 6.50‰ (6.50 episodes per 1000 adult-hospitalized patients per year) and the incidence rates had significantly decreased (8.24‰ to 6.00‰, time trend P <0.05). Among the 9381 episodes of BSIs, 93.1% were bacteremia and others (6.9%) were fungemia. As the most common species, the composition ratios of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (25.6% to 32.5%), Escherichia coli (9.8% to 13.6%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (5.3% to 10.4%) had been dynamic increased (time trends P <0.05) and the proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa had dynamic decreased (4.0% to 2.4%, time trend P =0.007). However, Staphylococcus aureus (3.3% to 3.1%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (4.4% to 4.2%) had not changed significantly (time trend P >0.05). These common species were consistent with China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network reported in 2018 (2018 CHINET report), but their composition ratios were different. Additionally, among bacteremia, the proportion of the multidrug-resistant bacteria gradually increased from 52.9% to 68.4% (time trend P <0.001).

Conclusion

The incidence rate and the species distribution had been dynamic changing and this study could be supplements to the 2018 CHINET report.
Preoperative prediction of complicated appendicitis using machine learning method
Authors: Kang Chunbo , Li Xubin , Chi Xiaoqian , Yang Yabin , Shan Haifeng , Zhang Jie , Zhang Qijun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate preoperative prediction of complicated appendicitis (CA) could help selecting optimal treatment and reducing risks of postoperative complications. The study aimed to develop a machine learning model based on clinical symptoms and laboratory data for preoperatively predicting CA.METHODS 136 patients with clinicopathological diagnosis of acute appendicitis were retrospectively included in the study. The dataset was randomly divided (94: 42) into training and testing set. Predictive models using individual and combined selected clinical and laboratory data features were built separately. Three combined models were constructed using logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) algorithms. The CA prediction performance was evaluated with Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, using the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy factors.RESULTS The features of the abdominal pain time, nausea and vomiting, the highest temperature, high sensitivity-CRP (hs-CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) had significant differences in the CA prediction (P<0.001). The ability to predict CA by individual feature was low (AUC<0.8). The prediction by combined features was significantly improved. The AUC of the three models (LR, SVM and RF) in the training set and the testing set were 0.805, 0.888, 0.908 and 0.794, 0.895, 0.761, respectively. The SVM-based model showed a better performance for CA prediction. RF had a higher AUC in the training set, but its poor efficiency in the testing set indicated a poor generalization ability.CONCLUSIONS The SVM machine learning model applying clinical and laboratory data can well predict CA preoperatively which could assist diagnosis in resource limited settings.
PBL facilitator training focusing on the skills of promoting student critical thinking
Authors: Asoom Lubna Ibrahim Al 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Critical thinking is an essential skill for medical graduates. The aim of the following study is to train the facilitators to boost critical thinking during the PBL sessions. Method Forty PBL facilitators of the college of Medicine, the year 2019-2020, were invited to fill a questionnaire and participate in a workshop. The questionnaire measures the background knowledge of the facilitators about critical thinking. The workshop started with a presentation then followed by exercises to apply different techniques for critical thinking. Results Most of the facilitators (>80%) believe that PBL supports critical thinking. > 50% are using questioning technique. None were aware of any other technique. Following the workshop, > 50% were able to suggest other relevant techniques such as debate, hypothesis and role play. Most of the facilitators admired the activity and requested similar training sessions. Conclusion Facilitators training workshop needs to be tailored toward specific PBL outcomes. Critical thinking is one of the most important targets of PBL. However, facilitators of previous facilitation experience and exposure to general PBL workshops lack the skills to support critical thinking. The currently focused workshop yields promising reflection by the participants' feedback and performance.