bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanism and consequences for avoidance of superparasitism in the solitary parasitoid Cotesia vestalis
Authors: Chen Wen-bin , Vasseur Liette , Zhang Shuai-qi , Zhang Han-fang , Mao Jun , Liu Tian-sheng , Zhou Xian-yong , Wang Xin , Zhang Jing , You Min-sheng , Gurr Geoff M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA parasitoid’s decision to reject or accept a potential host is fundamental to its fitness. Superparasitism, in which more than one egg of a given parasitoid species can deposit in a single host, is usually considered sub-optimal in systems where the host is able to support the development of only a single parasitoid. It follows that selection pressure may drive the capacity for parasitoids to recognize parasitized hosts, especially if there is a fitness cost of superparasitism. Here, we used microsatellite studies of two distinct populations of Cotesia vestalis to demonstrate that an egg laid into a diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) larva that was parasitized by a conspecific parasitoid 10 min, 2 or 6 h previously was as likely to develop and emerge successfully as was the first-laid egg. Consistent with this, a naive parasitoid encountering its first host was equally likely to accept a healthy larva as one parasitized 10 min prior, though handling time of parasitized hosts was extended. For second and third host encounters, parasitized hosts were less readily accepted than healthy larvae. If 12 h elapsed between parasitism events, the second-laid egg was much less likely to develop. Discrimination between parasitized and healthy hosts was evident when females were allowed physical contact with hosts, and healthy hosts were rendered less acceptable by manual injection of parasitoid venom into their hemolymph. Collectively, these results show a limited capacity to discriminate parasitized from healthy larvae despite a viability cost associated with failing to avoid superparasitism.
Fault detection in switching process of a substation using the SARIMA–SPC model
Authors: Fan Guo-Feng , Wei Xiao , Li Ya-Ting , Hong Wei-Chiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo detect substation faults for timely repair, this paper proposes a fault detection method that is based on the time series model and the statistical process control method to analyze the regulation and characteristics of the behavior in the switching process. As the first time, this paper proposes a fault detection model using SARIMA, statistical process control (SPC) methods, and 3σ criterion to analyze the characteristics in substation’s switching process. The employed approaches are both very common tools in the statistics field, however, via effectively combining them with industrial process fault diagnosis, these common statistical tolls play excellent role to achieve rich technical contributions. Finally, for different fault samples, the proposed method improves the rate of detection by at least 9% (and up to 15%) than other methods.
Robust light–dark patterns and reduced amyloid load in an Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mouse model
Authors: Nagare Rohan , Possidente Bernard , Lagalwar Sarita , Figueiro Mariana G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCircadian disruption resulting from exposure to irregular light–dark patterns and sleep deprivation has been associated with beta amyloid peptide (Aβ) aggregation, which is a major event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. We exposed 5XFAD mice and littermate controls to dim-light vs. bright-light photophases to investigate the effects of altering photophase strength on AD-associated differences in cortical Aβ42 levels, wheel-running activity, and circadian free-running period (tauDD). We found that increasing light levels significantly reduced cortical Aβ42 accumulation and activity levels during the light phase of the light:dark cycle, the latter being consistent with decreased sleep fragmentation and increased sleep duration for mice exposed to the more robust light–dark pattern. No significant changes were observed for tauDD. Our results are consistent with circadian pacemaker period being relatively unaffected by Aβ pathology in AD, and with reductions in cortical Aβ loads in AD through tailored lighting interventions.
A bioinformatics investigation into molecular mechanism of Yinzhihuang granules for treating hepatitis B by network pharmacology and molecular docking verification
Authors: Zhang Jingyuan , Liu Xinkui , Zhou Wei , Cheng Guoliang , Wu Jiarui , Guo Siyu , Jia Shanshan , Liu Yingying , Li Bingbing , Zhang Xiaomeng , Wang Miaomiao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractYinzhihuang granules (YZHG) is a patented Chinese medicine for the treatment of hepatitis B. This study aimed to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms of YZHG in the treatment of hepatitis B and to provide new evidence and insights for its clinical application. The chemical compounds of YZHG were searched in the CNKI and PUBMED databases, and their putative targets were then predicted through a search of the SuperPred and Swiss Target Prediction databases. In addition, the targets of hepatitis B were obtained from TTD, PharmGKB and DisGeNET. The abovementioned data were visualized using Cytoscape 3.7.1, and network construction identified a total of 13 potential targets of YZHG in the treatment of hepatitis B. Molecular docking verification showed that CDK6, CDK2, TP53 and BRCA1 might be strongly correlated with hepatitis B treatment. Furthermore, GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the treatment of hepatitis B by YZHG might be related to positive regulation of transcription, positive regulation of gene expression, the hepatitis B pathway and the viral carcinogenesis pathway. Network pharmacology intuitively shows the multicomponent, multitarget and multichannel pharmacological effects of YZHG in the treatment of hepatitis B and provides a scientific basis for its mechanism of action.
The innate immune toll-like-receptor-2 modulates the depressogenic and anorexiolytic neuroinflammatory response in obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: Polsek Dora , Cash Diana , Veronese Mattia , Ilic Katarina , Wood Tobias C. , Milosevic Milan , Kalanj-Bognar Svjetlana , Morrell Mary J. , Williams Steve C. R. , Gajovic Srecko , Leschziner Guy D. , Mitrecic Dinko , Rosenzweig Ivana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe increased awareness of obstructive sleep apnoea’s (OSA) links to Alzheimer’s disease and major psychiatric disorders has recently directed an intensified search for their potential shared mechanisms. We hypothesised that neuroinflammation and the microglial TLR2-system may act as a core process at the intersection of their pathophysiology. Moreover, we postulated that inflammatory-response might underlie development of key behavioural and neurostructural changes in OSA. Henceforth, we set out to investigate effects of 3 weeks’ exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia in mice with or without functional TRL2 (TLR2+/+, C57BL/6-Tyrc-Brd-Tg(Tlr2-luc/gfp)Kri/Gaj;TLR2−/−,C57BL/6-Tlr2tm1Kir). By utilising multimodal imaging in this established model of OSA, a discernible neuroinflammatory response was demonstrated for the first time. The septal nuclei and forebrain were shown as the initial key seed-sites of the inflammatory cascade that led to wider structural changes in the associated neurocircuitry. Finally, the modulatory role for the functional TLR2-system was suggested in aetiology of depressive, anxious and anorexiolytic symptoms in OSA.
Exciton–phonon interactions in nanocavity-integrated monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Rosser David , Fryett Taylor , Ryou Albert , Saxena Abhi , Majumdar Arka 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCavity-integrated transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDCs) excitons have recently emerged as a promising platform to study strong light–matter interactions and related cavity quantum electrodynamics phenomena. Although this exciton-cavity system is typically modeled as coupled harmonic oscillators, to account for the rich solid-state environment, the effect of exciton–phonon interaction needs to be incorporated. We model the system by including a phenomenological deformation potential for exciton–phonon interactions and we elucidate the experimentally measured preferential coupling of the excitonic photoluminescence to the cavity modes red-detuned with respect to the exciton resonance. Furthermore, we predict and experimentally confirm the temperature dependence of this preferential coupling. By accurately capturing the exciton–phonon interaction, our model illuminates the potential of cavity-integrated TMDCs for the development of low-power classical and quantum technologies.
Swallowing Screening: Purposefully Different From an Assessment Sensitivity and Specificity Related to Clinical Yield, Interprofessional Roles, and Patient Selection
Authors: Suiter Debra M. , Daniels Stephanie K. , Barkmeier-Kraemer Julie M. , Silverman Alan H. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this clinical focus article is to summarize the goal and process by which identification of individuals at risk for having feeding problems or dysphagia is clinically screened across the life span by speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The topic of this clinical focus article was presented at the Charleston Swallowing Conference in Chicago, Illinois, in July 2018. The contents of this clinical focus article offer an expanded summary of information discussed at this meeting with focus on critical considerations to guide clinical decisions by SLPs regarding the optimal feeding and dysphagia screening approach and process.ConclusionScreening is a critical first step in the identification of individuals at risk for feeding problems and dysphagia across the life span. Understanding the difference between screening and assessment objectives as well as having the knowledge, skills, and clinical competency to implement psychometrically sound screening approaches is a recommended clinical practice standard for SLPs working with these clinical populations. This clinical focus article summarizes critical considerations for identifying individuals at risk for feeding problems and dysphagia across the life span to guide clinicians working with dysphagia populations.
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System in Diagnosing Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Diagnostic Performance and Interobserver Agreement
Authors: Zhou Hang , Zhang Chao , Du Linyao , Jiang Jiapeng , Zhao Qing , Sun Jiawei , Li Qunying , Wan Ming , Wang Xiaolei , Hou Xiujuan , Wen Qing , Liu Yajing , Zhou Xianli , Huang Pintong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives To determine the diagnostic performance and inter-reader agreement of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound liver imaging reporting and data system (CEUS-LI-RADS) for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk patients.
Methods In this prospective study, CEUS-LI-RADS categories (LR-5 for predicting HCC) were assigned by six blinded readers and compared to the definitive HCC diagnosis in patients with liver cirrhosis per the 2017 China Liver Cancer Guidelines (CLCG). CEUS features were recorded in 96 patients with 96 histology-proven lesions. The diagnostic performance of LR-5 was described by the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Multi-reader agreement was assessed by using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).
Results In cirrhotic patients, the specificity of LR-5 (range: 92.7–100.0 %) was statistically higher than that of CLCG for each reader (range: 28.6–64.3 %). However, the sensitivity (range: 38.6–63.6 %) and accuracy (range: 53.4–70.7 %) were statistically lower in CEUS-LIRADS than in CLCG (sensitivity range: 88.6–100.0 %; accuracy range: 77.6–86.2 %). Only fair to moderate inter-reader agreement was achieved for the CEUS-LI-RADS category (ICC = 0.595) and washout appearance (ICC range: 0.338 to 0.555). Neither nodule-in-nodule nor mosaic architecture was observed more often in HCC (all P > 0.05), with poor inter-reader consistency for both (both ICC < 0.20).
Conclusion CEUS-LI-RADS category 5 has a high specificity but a low accuracy for identifying HCC in high-risk patients. Inter-reader agreement is not satisfactory concerning CEUS-LIRADS category and washout appearance. Moreover, the clinical value of ancillary features favoring HCC is quite limited.
Proof of Cramer’s rule with Dirac delta function
Authors: Ee June-Haak , Lee Jungil , Yu Chaehyun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We present a new proof of Cramer’s rule by interpreting a system of linear equations as a transformation of n-dimensional Cartesian-coordinate vectors. To find the solution, we carry out the inverse transformation by convolving the original coordinate vector with Dirac delta functions and changing integration variables from the original coordinates to new coordinates. As a byproduct, we derive a generalized version of Cramer’s rule that applies to a partial set of variables, which is new to the best of our knowledge. Our formulation of finding a transformation rule for multi-variable functions shall be particularly useful in changing a partial set of generalized coordinates of a mechanical system.
A frame decomposition of the atmospheric tomography operator
Authors: Hubmer Simon , Ramlau Ronny 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We consider the problem of atmospheric tomography, as it appears for example in adaptive optics systems for extremely large telescopes. We derive a frame decomposition, i.e., a decomposition in terms of a frame, of the underlying atmospheric tomography operator, extending the singular-value-type decomposition results of Neubauer and Ramlau (2017 SIAM J. Appl. Math.
77 838–853) by allowing a mixture of both natural and laser guide stars, as well as arbitrary aperture shapes. Based on both analytical considerations as well as numerical illustrations, we provide insight into the properties of the derived frame decomposition and its building blocks.
An experimental investigation on time response characteristics of SMA wire actuators under electric heating for engineering design
Authors: Guan Jing-Han , Pei Yong-Chen , Wang Shun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are proved to have high energy-to-volume ratio and large displacement. However, they have the defect of longer recovery time. In practice, designing SMA wire actuators is a very complex and exhausted thing because of extensive and various needs. In this study, a special setup was designed, which can test many characteristics of a SMA wire heated by electric current, including temperature, deformation, response time, recovery time, wind speed (for cooling), and load. Besides, an empirical model of the wires temperature was presented for avoiding overheating the wires. By fitting experiment data, unknown parameters in this model are determined. Next, main design parameters are investigated on how they exert effects on the characteristics of the SMA wires, including wire radius, convection type, load, and voltage. At last, the time response characteristics were also analyzed. Through this study, one can make clear how each design parameter plays its part in SMA wire actuators.
Collective heat capacity for quantum thermometry and quantum engine enhancements
Authors: Latune C L , Sinayskiy I , Petruccione F 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The performances of quantum thermometry in thermal equilibrium together with the output power of certain class of quantum engines share a common characteristic: both are determined by the heat capacity of the probe or working medium. After noticing that the heat capacity of spin ensembles can be significantly modified by collective coupling with a thermal bath, we build on the above observation to investigate the respective impact of such collective effect on quantum thermometry and quantum engines. We find that the precision of the temperature estimation is largely increased at high temperatures, reaching even the Heisenberg scaling—inversely proportional to the number of spins. For Otto engines operating close to the Carnot efficiency, collective coupling always enhances the output power. Some tangible experimental platforms are suggested.
Removing Iron and Manganese by Using Cascade Aerator and Limestone Horizontal Roughing Filters
Authors: Syazwan M.F. , Mohd Remy Rozainy M.A.Z , Jamil R. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The quality of groundwater at Rumah Nur Kasih consist high concentration of iron (6.12 mg/L) and manganese (0.56 mg/L). The groundwater only used for external usage such as cleaning purposes. In order to reduce iron and manganese, it is proposed cascade aerator system for oxidation process and horizontal roughing filter using limestone as the media for further removal. The oxidation process can reduce iron and manganese in water by increasing the dissolved oxygen. Meanwhile, the filtration by various size of the limestone can help to reduce the concentration of heavy metals as these limestones able to adsorp heavy metals into theirs surface. In this study, two lab scale cascade aerators with different in height of cascade were used to find the highest removal of iron and manganese. It was found out that the optimum flowrate for both cascade aerator was 22mL/s. Model B with higher in height has higher dissolved oxygen and aeration efficiency. The highest removal of iron and manganese for model B are 45.2% and 21.68% respectively. The highest removal of iron and manganese for model A are 39.95% and 12.09% respectively. Three different sizes of limestone were filled into horizontal bed filtration for further removal. The adsorption of these limestone was observed and the smallest range of the limestone has the highest removal for both iron and manganese. The optimum sizes of the limestone are 0.425mm – 2.35mm with removal of 82.75% for iron and 56.78% for manganese.
Low Density, High Compressive Strength: Experimental Investigation with Various Particle Sizes of Sand for Different Mix Designs of Cement Mortar Manufacturing
Authors: Rmdan Amer Akrm A , Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd , Yun Ming Liew , Faheem Mohd Tahir Muhammad , Wazien Ahmad Zailani Warid , Ahmad Faris Meor 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Concrete density was optimised by substituting part of the normal-density aggregates (fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, or both) with that of comparable quantities of low-density aggregate, which enhanced structural efficiency (strength to density ratio), improved hydration and decreased transportation costs. These days, focus is given on enhancing the characteristics of concretes in order to make them more efficient. A factor associated in compressive strength, packing particle, water absorption and density is concrete proportioning. A good proportioning mix results in greater strength for concrete at optimum density and specified age. The filler effect is regarded as a physical feature pertaining to small particles for a concrete material since it allows generating extra compressive strength by filling voids by making mortar or concrete more homogeneous. This behaviour allows conferring additional compressive strength as well as optimise or minimise the concrete’s density without having to use a pozzolanic reaction or a chemical reaction. Mainly, this objective has been implemented through using three different lightweight particle sizes of sand group a-(1.18 mm ≤ Sand size < 200 ɱm), b-(2.36 mm ≤ Sand size < 1.18 mm) and (5.0 mm ≤ Sand size < 2.36 mm). The parameters that are taken consideration during the investigation were sand particle size, water/cement ratio, cement/sand ratio. In general, the results demonstrated that there was a decrease in compressive strength when the sand’s particle sizes increased. In case the particle size group (b) and (c) used the decrease rate in compressive strength was 7.97% and 12.39% respectively in comparison with particle size group (a) where the optimum values of the water/cement and cement/sand ratio were used. On the other hand, low density was achieved at the point of the higher compressive strength, whereas 4.4% and 3.66 % increase in the density was recorded over the particle sizes of sand (b and c) respectively. Meanwhile, we put forward the relationships existing between the compressive strength as well as density of concrete mixtures with various proportions of the lightweight aggregates as given above. The conducted experimental studies showed that there were tendencies to possibly utilise various quantities of fine lightweight aggregates as well as their combinations to yield concrete mixtures based on the requirements in practical application. As per the study conclusion, the considered mixtures could be used to yield structural elements that need high compressive strength and lower density.
Single Objective Optimization of Net Zero Energy Residential Building in Tropical Climate
Authors: Leman A M , Sharif H Z , Krizou A N , Al-Tarawne M T A , Subbiah M , Al Farsi M , Irfan A R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Building sector is the largest consumer of energy worldwide. Net Zero Energy Residential Building (NZERB) is one of the prudent approaches to reduce pressure on primary sources of energy. The main objective of this study is to use Taguchi simulation based on orthogonal arrays approach to optimize thermal envelope of a building, SEER value of HVAC system, lighting power density, and ventilation level to reduce the Building Energy Intensity (BEI) 50% lower than the base case building according to International Energy Conservation Codes 2015. In this study whole building energy simulation was performed by Hourly Analysis Energy Program and PVWatts calculator was used to estimate the size of the PV system for balancing the energy demand of the house. The results of Taguchi simulation approach show that by decreasing the U value of wall, windows, roof, floor to 0.1, 0.8, 0.1, 0.2 W/m2. °K respectively and ventilation rate 0.15 l/s-m2, lights of 110 lm/W and SEER of the HVAC system 4 (W/W option) reduce BEI from 147.78 kWh/m2/year for base case building to 67.085 kWh/m2/year for optimal design case. PV system size estimation was performed with PVWatts calculator. PV Watts recommended the size of 13kW DC rating system (open rack type) of 15% efficiency for the weather of Johor Bahru to meet the annual energy demand of the proposed optimal building design.
Comparative Study on Application of Extended Kalman Filter and Unscented Kalman Filter in Target Tracking
Authors: Hu Xiao-Fei Deng Xiao-Tong , Zhao Qin Guo Cui-Xia Zeng Si-Qi , Zhou Kai-Qing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper mainly describes the basic principles of extended Kalman filter and unscented Kalman filter and the application of them in target tracking based on observation distance At last the two algorithms are compared by Matlab software The simulation results show that unscented Kalman filter has better matching effect than extended Kalman filter and the former has smaller error variation and better convergence than the latter