bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the Philadelphia Beverage Tax on Prices and Product Availability
Authors: Cawley John , Frisvold David , Hill Anna , Jones David 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent years, numerous cities in the U.S. have enacted taxes on beverages to promote health and raise revenue. This paper examines the impact of Philadelphia's beverage tax, enacted in 2017, on the prices and availability of both taxed and untaxed beverages. Using original data we collected in late 2016 and again one year later, we estimate difference‐in‐differences regressions of the change over time in beverage prices and availability in stores in Philadelphia relative to stores in nearby counties. We find that, on average, distributors and retailers fully passed through the tax to consumers. Pass‐through is higher for individual servings than for larger sizes. There is also heterogeneity in the pass‐through rate among stores; it is greater among stores that are in higher‐poverty neighborhoods, located farther from untaxed stores outside Philadelphia, and that are independent as opposed to part of national chains. We also find that the tax reduced the availability of taxed beverages and increased the availability of untaxed beverages, particularly bottled water, in Philadelphia stores.
Household Poverty Measurement and Its Determinants Among Rural Farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Okunola Akinbode M. , Ojo Oluwadare S. 
Published: January 2020

Achieving the objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations is the focus of all heads of government in the world, the priority being to eradicate poverty in all its forms everywhere. Hence, this study measured poverty among rural farming households in Ondo State, Nigeria, to ascertain the current poverty status of farmers in the state, with the aim of highlighting the rural economy as a focus for policymakers in the implementation of the SDGs. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 90 farming household heads. The mean annual per capita expenditure was N74, 336.61 while the annual poverty line was N49, 557.74. About 49 percent of the rural farming households fell below the poverty line, while the poverty gap, estimated at about 17 percent of the poverty line, indicates that on average, each farming household will need to spend at least N58, 973.71 to be considered non‐poor, which means age, marital status, household size, other occupation, and working members reduce the probability of the poor households moving out of poverty, while gender, farming experience, years of education, and total income increase the probability of the poor households moving out of poverty. Total income is the most significant determinant factor at 1 percent, while age, years of education, household size, and years of farm experience were significant at 5 percent. The study, therefore, recommends a holistic commercial agricultural policy that will be rational, national, rural‐driven, and credit‐inclined and that can guarantee the required income majorly through farming.
Lung ultrasound—a new diagnostic modality in persistent tachypnea of infancy
Authors: Urbankowska Emilia , Urbankowski Tomasz , Drobczyński Łukasz , Griese Matthias , Lange Joanna , Brzewski Michał , Kulus Marek , Krenke Katarzyna 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLung ultrasound (LUS) has been increasingly used in diagnosing and monitoring of various pulmonary diseases in children. The aim of the current study was to evaluate its usefulness in children with persistent tachypnea of infancy (PTI). This was a controlled, prospective, cross‐sectional study that included children with PTI and healthy subjects. In patients with PTI, LUS was performed at baseline and then after 6 and 12 months of follow‐up. Baseline results of LUS were compared to (a) baseline high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images, (b) LUS examinations in control group, and (c) follow‐up LUS examinations. Twenty children with PTI were enrolled. B‐lines were found in all children with PTI and in 11 (55%) control subjects (P < .001). The total number of B‐lines, the maximal number of B lines in any intercostal space, the distance between B‐lines, and pleural thickness were significantly increased in children with PTI compared to controls. An irregularity of the pleural line was found in all patients with PTI and in none of the healthy children. There were no significant changes in LUS findings in patients with PTI during the study period. The comparison of HRCT indices and LUS findings revealed significant correlations between the mean lung attenuation, skewness, kurtosis and fraction of interstitial pulmonary involvement, and the number of B‐lines as well as the pleural line thickness. LUS seems to be a promising diagnostic tool in children with PTI. Its inclusion in the diagnostic work‐up may enable to reduce the number of costly, hazardous, and ionizing radiation‐based imaging procedures.
Clinical and structural aspects of tracheal stenosis and a novel embryological hypothesis of left pulmonary artery sling
Authors: Fukushima Naoya , Shimojima Naoki , Ishitate Makoto , Miyakawa Tomoo , Hirobe Seiichi , Miura Masaru 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo identify the imaging features peculiar to congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) complicated with left pulmonary artery sling (LPAS) with the aim of presenting a hypothesis of tracheal stenosis embryology in LPAS.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed CTS patients (with complete cartilaginous rings) admitted between April 2010 and July 2018. All the patients were classified into the LPAS or non‐LPAS group, and their clinical characteristics and qualitative variables on computed tomography (CT) imaging were compared.ResultsOf the 72 patients enrolled, 61 had bilateral lungs. Among the bilateral lung patients, 26 (43%) had LPAS. The tracheal bifurcation was significantly deeper, the stenotic region was longer, and the bronchial angle (especially in the right) was wider, in the LPAS group. The cut‐off values for the thoracic vertebral level at the tracheal bifurcation (>4.8), subcarinal angle (>118.1), and right bronchial angle (>61.9) were useful for diagnosing suspected cases of LPAS. In the time‐dependent course, LPAS complicated with a congenital heart defect was a statistically significant risk factor of respiratory symptoms (hazard ratio, 3.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.23‐7.37; P = .02).ConclusionsThe CT findings described here should immediately raise suspicion of LPAS on chest X‐ray and also suggest tracheal “squeezing and milking” by the surrounding vessels in the embryo. Patients with LPAS complicated with a heart defect should be followed carefully to determine the optimal timing of intervention.
NPC1b as a novel target in controlling the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera
Authors: Zheng Jin‐Cheng , Yue Xiao‐Rong , Kuang Wen‐Qing , Li Sa‐Li , Tang Rui , Zhang Zhan‐Feng , Kurban Anwar , Saif‐Ur‐Rehman  , Zhao Chaoyang , Liu Tong‐Xian , Jing Xiangfeng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsects cannot synthesize sterols and must acquire them from food. The mechanisms underlying how insects uptake dietary sterols are largely unknown except that NPC1b, an integral membrane protein, has been shown to be responsible for dietary cholesterol uptake in Drosophila melanogaster. However, whether NPC1b orthologs in other insect species, particularly the economically important pests, function similarly remains to be determined.RESULTSIn this study, we characterized the function of NPC1b in Helicoverpa armigera, a global pest that causes severe yield losses to many important crops. Limiting dietary cholesterol uptake to insects significantly inhibited food ingestion and weight gain. Compared to the wild‐type H. armigera, the CRISPR/Cas9‐edited NPC1b mutant larvae were incapable of getting adequate cholesterol and died in their early life stage. Gene expression profile and in situ hybridization analyses indicated that NPC1b was mainly expressed in the midgut where dietary cholesterol was absorbed. Expression of NPC1b was also correlated with the feeding life stages and was especially upregulated during early larval instars. Protein‐ligand docking and sequence similarity analyses further demonstrated that NPC1b proteins of lepidopteran insects shared a relatively conserved cholesterol binding region, NPC1b_NTD, which, however, was highly divergent from bees‐derived sequences.CONCLUSIONNPC1b was crucial for dietary cholesterol uptake and growth of H. armigera, and therefore could serve as an insecticide target for the development of a novel pest‐management approach to control this economically significant insect pest with little off‐target effect on bees and sterol‐autotrophic animals. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Gendered translocal connectedness: Rural–urban migration, remittances, and social resilience in Thailand
Authors: Porst Luise , Sakdapolrak Patrick 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRemittances play a central role in debates on migration and development as well as migration as adaptation to climate change. We seek to contribute to the growing body of literature that addresses the role of gender relations for remittance sending and usage. Based on multisited qualitative research on rural–urban migration in Thailand, we apply the concept of translocal social resilience to expound the multilocal and intersectional dimension of remittances and their impact on social resilience. Building on typical constellations of remittance transfer and usage, the paper accentuates how gender, generational relations, and the household's socio‐economic status shape remittance practices and their effects on social resilience across space. We can thus conclude that addressing intersecting socio‐spatial levels and axes of difference enhances the understanding of remittance potentials for resilience, which also enriches research that frames migration as a means of adaptation.
On a new age‐replacement policy for items with observed stochastic degradation
Authors: Finkelstein Maxim , Cha Ji Hwan , Levitin Gregory 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA new methodology for preventive maintenance of degrading items is discussed. It combines the classical age‐replacement strategy when a system is replaced either on failure or on reaching the predetermined age, with replacement on reaching the predetermined level of deterioration at some intermediate time. Degradation of an item is modeled by the nonhomogeneous gamma process, whereas its failure occurs when this process reaches the predetermined deterministic level. It is shown that the proposed policy outperforms the classical one, i.e., it achieves the lower value of the corresponding long‐run cost rate. The detailed numerical illustration is presented, and the relevant sensitivity analysis for the main parameters of the model is performed.
Ensemble learning for predicting degradation under time‐varying environment
Authors: Wang Lizhi , Lu Dawei , Wang Xiaohong , Pan Rong , Wang Zhuo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProduct lifetime prediction is challenging when the product is subject to a time‐varying operational environment. Most of the existing studies use some functions to explicitly specify the relationship between degradation parameters and environmental conditions so as to reveal how the degradation process evolves over time. However, in many applications, the assumptions needed for establishing these functions cannot be validated in engineering practice or they cannot accurately model the entire underlying degradation mechanism. In contrast to previous work, the focus of our study is placed on product degradation prognosis by implementing an ensemble learning method. This method combines the stochastic process modeling approach and the machine learning approach, taking advantage of these approaches to gain a more accurate and stable degradation prediction. The proposed method is demonstrated by some simulation examples and by a case study of lithium‐ion battery accelerated degradation test. Both the simulation study and the real case verify the superiority of the proposed method. The case study indicates that the ensemble learning method can further help to effectively manage the energy storage and energy distribution of battery packs.
Electron‐donor substituents on the dppz‐based ligands to control luminescence from dark to bright emissive state in Ir(III) complexes
Authors: Dreyse Paulina , Santander‐Nelli Mireya , Zambrano David , Rosales Luis , Sanhueza Luis 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe structures and electronic properties of a series of cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes with substituted dppz ancillary ligand (dppz: dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine) including tert‐butyl, pyrrolidine ring, and alkoxys substituents as donor group have been theoretically study. With the aim of highlight the attractive qualities of each system for their use as luminescent material, the effects of the electron‐donor substituents onto dppz was evaluated on the structural, charge transport, absorption, and phosphorescent properties. The effect of the substituent was studied on the modulation of the bright and dark triplet states. Main results show that ortho‐methoxy and tert‐butyl substituents act as lower electron‐donating groups, then, efficient electron donation ability was displayed with alkoxy (ethoxy and propoxy) substituents. The best performance was found in a complex with pyrrolidine ring according since their phosphorescence is favored, highlighting their larger electric transition dipole moment value, proposing this system as potential candidate to LEC technology.
Human fetal mesoangioblasts reveal tissue-dependent transcriptional signatures
Authors: Ronzoni Flavio L. , Lemeille Sylvain , Kuzyakiv Rostyslav , Sampaolesi Maurilio , Jaconi Marisa E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mesoangioblasts (MABs) derived from adult skeletal muscles are well-studied adult stem/progenitor cells that already entered clinical trials for muscle regeneration in genetic diseases; however, the transcriptional identity of human fetal MABs (fMABs) remains largely unknown. Herein we analyzed the transcriptome of MABs isolated according to canonical markers from fetal atrium, ventricle, aorta, and skeletal muscles (from 9.5 to 13 weeks of age) to uncover specific gene signatures correlating with their peculiar myogenic differentiation properties inherent to their tissue of origin. RNA-seq analysis revealed for the first time that human MABs from fetal aorta, cardiac (atrial and ventricular), and skeletal muscles display subsets of differentially expressed genes likely representing distinct expression signatures indicative of their original tissue. Identified GO biological processes and KEGG pathways likely account for their distinct differentiation outcomes and provide a set of critical genes possibly predicting future specific differentiation outcomes. This study reveals novel information regarding the potential of human fMABs that may help to improve specific differentiation outcomes relevant for therapeutic muscle regeneration.

Significance statement The current study reveals transcriptional identities in human fetal mesoangioblasts (fMABs) from aorta, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissues, with specific gene signatures correlating with their peculiar myogenic differentiation properties inherent to their derivative tissues. Gene network analysis identified four major superclusters of differentially expressed genes and uncovered a global opposite set of upregulated and downregulated genes between skeletal and cardiac muscle MABs, with the ones from aorta showing an intermediate profile. Collectively, the current work provides a set of critical genes accounting of, and possibly predicting, lineage-specific differentiation commitments during development. This knowledge may help improve the future management of muscle regeneration.
Land‐use dynamics in the Mekong delta: From national policy to livelihood sustainability
Authors: Nguyen Quan H. , Tran Dung D. , Dang Khoi K. , Korbee Dorien , Pham Luan D. M. H. , Vu Lan T. , Luu Tang T. , Ho Loc H. , Nguyen Phat T. , T. Ngo Trang T. , Nguyen Dung T. K. , Wyatt Andrew , van Aalst Maaike , Tran Thong A. , Sea William B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD) is one of the most examined deltas in the world given its dynamics, complexity, and vulnerability. In the past decades, the VMD has changed rapidly, especially the land use in relation with the socioeconomic development. National policy has profoundly influenced these changes and the changes have significantly affected local livelihoods. However, these changes are not well reported systematically. In this study, we investigate land‐use changes based on institutional analyses across multiple scales, that is, from national, provincial, to local livelihood based on institutional and sustainability analysis. The results show a strong relationship between legal settings over the last 30 years on land use and livelihood transitions. In addition, the constraints of implementing national legal frameworks at provincial level in practice were identified including effects to local livelihoods. We offer some recommendations for sustainable livelihoods in the VMD, with a focus on increasing socioecological resilience.
Fabrication of Antibacterial Nanofibers Composites by Functionalizing the Surface of Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers
Authors: Khan Muhammad Qamar , Kharaghani Davood , Sanaullah  , Shahzad Amir , Duy Nam Phan , Hasegawa Yohei , Azeemullah  , Lee Jungsoon , Kim Ick Soo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe surface modification of nanofibers web enables the invention of wound dressings by using the simple materials substrate without altering the mechanical properties of foundation materials or nanofibers web. Herein, authors fabricated the novel antibacterial wound dressings by functionalizing the surface of cellulose acetate (CA) nanofibers. This surface treatment was done through facile method. The silver sulfadiazine (SSD) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized on the surface of cellulose acetate nanofibers web by in‐situ facile method in which nanofibers webs were immersed in the solution of sodium sulfadiazine salt and silver nitrate (AgNO3) for three different interval of times (hrs). The resultant CA/SSD nanofibers were characterized by scan electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, FT‐IR, XPS, XRD, water contact angle and antibacterial agar disc diffusion test. All characterization results supported that this composite can be used for antibacterial wound dressings, especially for gram negative E. Coli bacteria because SSD has great potential against E. Coli bacteria.
Studies on Lewis‐Acid Induced Reactions of 8‐Methoxy[2.2]metacyclophanes: A New Synthetic Route to Alkylated Pyrenes
Authors: Monarul Islam Md. , Feng Xing , Wang Chuan‐Zeng , Rahman Shofiur , Alodhayb Abdullah , Georghiou Paris E. , Matsumoto Taisuke , Tanaka Junji , Redshaw Carl , Yamato Takehiko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnti‐8‐methoxy[2.2]metacyclophanes (MCPs) 5 a–b were obtained via pyrolysis of the corresponding syn‐thiatetraoxide cyclophanes 4 a–b. Coupling reactions of 4‐tert‐butyl‐1‐methoxy‐2,6‐bis(mercaptomethyl)benzenes 1 a–b and 1,5‐bis(chloro‐methyl)‐2,4‐dimethylbenzene 2 under high dilution conditions afforded only the syn‐conformers of 9‐methoxy‐2,11‐dithia[3.3]metacyclophanes 3 a–b, which with m‐CPBA formed the corresponding syn‐tetraoxides 4 a–b. Lewis acid (TICl4/AlCl3‐MeNO2) or iodine‐catalyzed reactions of 5 b under various conditions led to transannular cyclization to afford tetrahydropyrene 6 b and pyrene derivative 7 b and/or de‐tert‐butylated 6 a. Iodine‐catalyzed reaction of 5 a afforded tetrahydropyrene 6 a. These findings suggest the potential for a new route to alkylated pyrenes via strained and alkylated metacyclophanes. Density functional theory (DFT) studies were carried out to investigate the conformational characteristics of 3–5.
Imidazolium‐Functionalized Fluorene‐Based Anion Exchange Membrane (AEM) for Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Salma Umme , Zhang Dishen , Nagao Yuki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAfter a fluorene‐based anion exchange membrane (AEM) containing 1‐isopropyl‐2‐methylimidazolium with alkyl side chains was prepared, the membrane properties, including OH– conductivities, ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, swelling ratio, and chemical and thermal stabilities of the obtained membrane were assessed. The synthesized membrane exhibited low water uptake and good dimensional stability with adequate hydroxide conductivity. For example, the AEM showed a swelling ratio of 7% and hydroxide conductivity of 46 mS cm−1 at 80 °C in liquid water. The chemical stability was investigated in 1 M NaOH solution at room temperature and at 80 °C. At both temperatures, degradation of the imidazolium cationic groups was observed, although the main chain was chemically stable. All results obtained from this research are expected to provide important direction and insight for AEM synthesis for practical applications in anion exchange membrane fuel cells.
““Turn‐On” Sensing Behaviour of an In Situ Generated Fluorescein‐Based Probe and Its Preferential Selectivity of Sodium Hypochlorite over tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells”
Authors: Sandhu Navjot , Saproo Sheetanshu , Naidu Srivatsava , Singh Atul P. , Kumar Kamlesh , Singh Ashish P. , Yadav Rajesh K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReactive Oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their oxidizing behaviour but it differs in fluorescein derivatives chemistry. With t‐BuOOH, the probe F shows its unique turn‐off sensing (A), while with NaOCl probe shows turn‐on sensing property (B). In this study, it was observed that in situ generated species formed by the reaction of probe (F) with t‐BuOOH is a unique molecule, having high turn‐on behaviour in presence of sodium hypochlorite (≈500 times). Further, fluorescence microscopy imaging using adenocarcinoma cells, A549 cells revealed that in‐situ generated molecule, could be used as an efficient fluorescent probe for detecting NaOCl in living cells.
Heterogeneous Direct Acylation Strategy to Diaryl Ketones and Their Application to 1, 3‐Dihydroisobenzofurans
Authors: Bhattacharya Trisha , Suchand Basuli , Sreenivasulu Chinnabattigalla , Lakshminarayana Bhairi , Subrahmanyam Ch. , Satyanarayana G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAromatic acylation is an indispensable chemical transformation in organic synthesis in affording aryl ketones. In this manuscript, we have described the synthesis of aromatic ketones utilizing graphene oxide (GO) supported PdO nanoparticles (PdO/GO), as heterogeneous transition metal catalyst. The [Pd]‐heterogeneous catalyst enabled the coupling between iodoarenes and aromatic aldehydes. The acylation was carried out by eliminating toxic CO gas as the source of the carbonyl. Further, practicality of this strategy was also demonstrated by fusing 1,3‐dihydroisobenzofurans.