bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid-stimulating hormone is associated with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Liu Liang , Li Ping , Mi Yuqiang , Liu Yonggang , Liu Yiqi , Zhang Peng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe relationship of thyroid function parameters with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains unknown. Hence, we assessed the impact of thyroid function parameters on NASH in patients with CHB.Consecutive patients with CHB with concurrent nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were recruited. Liver histology and baseline examinations were carried out in each patient. The associated risk factors for NASH were evaluated.A total of 361 patients with CHB with biopsy-proven NAFLD were included. There was a significant difference in the serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level between patients with NASH and non-NASH (3.24 ± 2.00 vs 2.05 ± 1.35 mIU/L,P < .01). Moreover, the NASH prevalence in patients with euthyroidism was significantly higher than in the subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) patients (P < .001). In multivariate analyses, higher serum concentration of TSH was significantly correlated with NASH (odds ratio [OR]: 1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–2.31;P = .001). In particular, patients suffering from SCH had a higher risk of having NASH (OR: 4.28, 95% CI: 1.18–15.53;P = .027).Elevated serum TSH level was the independent predictive factor of incident NASH in patients with CHB. Whether the thyroid function parameters should be integrated into future diagnostic scores predicting advanced diseases requires further study.
Mediation analyses of socioeconomic factors determining racial differences in the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a cohort of older adults
Authors: Guadamuz Jenny S. , Ozenberger Katharine , Qato Dima M. , Ko Naomi Y. , Saffore Christopher D. , Adimadhyam Sruthi , Cha Ashley S. , Moran Kellyn M. , Sweiss Karen , Patel Pritesh R. , Chiu Brian C.-H. , Calip Gregory S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Despite near universal health coverage under Medicare, racial disparities persist in the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) among older patients in the United States. Studies evaluating DLBCL outcomes often treat socioeconomic status (SES) measures as confounders, potentially introducing biases when SES factors are mediators of disparities in cancer treatment.
To examine differences in DLBCL treatment, we performed causal mediation analyses of SES measures, including: metropolitan statistical area (MSA) of residence; census-tract poverty level; and private Medicare supplementation using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Medicare linked database between 2001 and 2011. In this retrospective cohort study of DLBCL patients ages 66+ years, we conducted a series of multivariable logistic regression analyses estimating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) relating chemo- and/or immuno-therapy treatment and each SES measure, comparing non-Hispanic (NH)-black, Hispanic/Latino, and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) to NH-white patients.
Compared to NH-white patients, racial/ethnic minority patients had lower odds of receiving chemo- and/or immuno-therapy treatment (NH-black: OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.65, 1.08; API: OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64, 1.01; Hispanic/Latino: OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.64, 0.96) and higher odds of lacking private Medicare supplementation and residence within an urban MSA and poor census tracts. Adjustment for SES measures as confounders nullified observed racial differences. In causal mediation analyses, between 31% and 38% of race/ethnicity differences were mediated by having private Medicare supplementation.
Providing equitable access to Medicare supplementation may reduce disparities in receipt of chemo- and/or immuno-therapy treatment in older DLBCL patients.
Intestinal Behçet disease associated with myelodysplastic syndrome accompanying trisomy 8 successfully treated with abdominal surgery followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Asano Tomoyuki , Sato Shuzo , Furuya Makiko Yashiro , Takahashi Hiroshi , Shichishima-Nakamura Akiko , Ohkawara Hiroshi , Fujiwara Tatsuo , Gunji Naohiko , Hashimoto Choichiro , Momma Tomoyuki , Saito Motonobu , Nakano Hiroshi , Watanabe Guy , Temmoku Jumpei , Fujita Yuya , Matsuoka Naoki , Kobayashi Hiroko , Watanabe Hiroshi , Mouri Mariko , Mashiyama Fumi , Sakuma Hiroko , Ohira Hiromasa , Mori Masaaki , Ikezoe Takayuki , Migita Kiyoshi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Intestinal Behçet disease (BD) with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a rare condition that is resistant to various immunosuppressive therapies. Several cases in which hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was effective for intestinal BD with MDS accompanying trisomy 8 have been reported.

Patient concerns:
We report an 18-year-old female with a 7-year history of BD. Colonoscopy demonstrated a huge ulcer in the cecum. Chromosomal examination revealed a karyotype of trisomy 8 in 87% of cells. Bone marrow examination revealed dysplastic cells in multilineages.

Diagnoses:
A diagnosis of intestinal BD associated with MDS accompanying trisomy 8 was made.

Interventions:
The patient underwent ileocecal resection due to microperforations of ileocecal ulcers; she then underwent allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) with her mother as a donor.

Outcomes:
After the PBSCT, the patient's symptoms due to BD (fever, oral aphthae, abdominal pain, and genital ulcers) completely disappeared, with no severe adverse events.

Lessons:
The present case demonstrates that HSCT including PBSCT might be an effective new therapeutic option for refractory intestinal BD with MDS when immunosuppressive therapy has achieved insufficient efficacy.
Successful resection of giant abdominal hemophilic pseudotumor
Authors: Liu Shuzhong , Zhou Xi , Song An , Huo Zhen , Wang Yipeng , Liu Yong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Giant abdominal hemophilic pseudotumor is exceedingly rare, thus may bring great challenges to the timely and proper diagnosis and treatment of clinicians. The only definitive management is complete removal of the abdominal hemophilic pseudotumor. The objective of this article is to report surgical treatment and follow-up outcomes of three unusual cases with giant abdominal hemophilic pseudotumor.
We describe 3 patients with giant hemophilic pseudotumor involving the abdomen who were successfully treated with tumor resection. On presentation to our institution, the patients all had signs of giant cystic lesions in abdomen, and the patients’ most outstanding complaints were aggravated abdominal pain. All of three patients underwent complete excision of abdominal hemophilic pseudotumor. The patients showed adequate pain relief compared with the previous status.
Surgical resection is the most effective treatment option for patients with giant abdominal hemophilic pseudotumor who can undergo appropriate surgical treatment. This represents a safe and reasonable approach to sustainably relieve pain and other symptoms with giant hemophilic pseudotumor in the abdomen. Perioperative coagulation factor replacement therapy is also of great significance in reducing the risks and complications.
Efficacy of automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation in young male soldiers
Authors: Kim Jang Hun , Lee Junki , Lee Won Jae , Shin Dong-Won , Lee Seong-Jong , Roh Haewon , Jeong Hyung Jun , Lee Tae Hoon , Kwon Woo-Keun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) often results in back pain and radicular pain and is frequently treated with minimally invasive non-surgical methods in Korean Armed Forces Hospitals. Automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy (APLD) has been reported to have good clinical outcomes with low complication rates; however, the clinical efficacy of APLD performed in young male soldiers is uncertain. In order to clarify the efficacy of APLD for the treatment of LDH in young male soldiers, we designed a retrospective case–control study to compare patients who received APLD with patients treated with epidural steroid injection (ESI) alone.
A total of 181 patients were enrolled and divided into the APLD (n = 92) and ESI (n = 89) groups according to the treatment modality. A simple logistic regression analysis was conducted to clarify the difference between the two. To optimize patient selection, APLD group was additionally divided for subgroup analysis into favorable (n = 59) and unfavorable (n = 33) groups based on satisfaction scales. A simple logistic analysis was also performed.
The differences between pre- and postoperative numerical rating scale of pain (P = .0027) and hospital-own satisfaction scale (P = .0045) of the APLD group were significantly better compared to those of the ESI group. In terms of subgroup analysis, single-level pathology (P = 0.244) and protruded disc (P = .0443) were associated with favorable outcomes, whereas dual pathology and extruded disc were related with unfavorable outcomes.
APLD using Dekompressor, performed in young male soldiers with back and radicular pain owing to LDH, showed better clinical outcomes compared to the ESI only therapy. Additionally, a single-level pathology with protruded disc was associated with favorable outcomes and may be indicated for treatment.
A Novel Frameshift Mutation in the FGA Gene (c.196 delT) Leading to Congenital Afibrinogenemia
Authors: Aydin Köker Sultan , Köker Alper , Neerman-Arbez Marguerite , Ö. Tunçer Gökçen , Akbas Yilmaz , Kara Tugce T. , Coban Yasemin 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Congenital afibrinogenemia is characterized by the absence of fibrinogen. Congenital fibrinogen disorders result from several mutations in FGA, FGB, or FGG. Their epidemiology is not well known.

Observation:
The present study reports on 2 children with congenital afibrinogenemia. The first child, a male who is now 9 years old, was diagnosed with afibrinogenemia after spontaneous intracranial bleeding at the age of 3 years. The second child is a 2-year-old female cousin of the first patient, who was diagnosed with afibrinogenemia after coagulation tests were carried out due to frequent epistaxis and mucocutaneous bleeding. At follow-up, blood samples of the patients and their parents were sent to the Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University Medical Center, Switzerland, for polymerase chain reaction analysis. In both patients, the novel homozygous frameshift mutation in the FGA exon 3: c.196 delT was detected. The parents of the patients were both heterozygous for the same mutation.

Conclusions:
Congenital afibrinogenemia is a rare coagulation disease. The molecular epidemiology of congenital fibrinogen disorders is complex, and the identification of new mutations will help shed light on this complex molecular structure. Therefore, a genetic analysis that includes more centers is needed.
The Similarities and Differences in Transition to Practice Experiences for New-Graduate RNs and Practical Nurses in Long-term Care
Authors: Whitmore Carly , Baxter Pamela E. , Kaasalainen Sharon , Ploeg Jenny 
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to describe the transition-to-practice experience of new-graduate nurses (NGNs) in long-term-care (LTC) settings.

BACKGROUND
Transitioning to professional practice is a challenging time for an NGN. This experience is scarcely described for RNs outside of acute care settings and not described for the LPN.

METHODS
A qualitative case study was used to explore the described transition-to-practice experience of new-graduate RNs and LPNs in LTC.

RESULTS
This study revealed that the transition-to-practice experience of new-graduate LPNs was similar to the experience described by RNs. Differences in experience were related to leadership roles in the setting.

CONCLUSIONS
Findings contribute to new understanding of the experience of the NGN in LTC settings. This study reinforces the need for greater support for nursing graduates in this setting.
Sebaceous Nevus of the Scalp
Authors: Goel Pedram , Wolfswinkel Erik M. , Fahradyan Artur , Tsuha Michaela , Hough Michelle , Magee William , Hammoudeh Jeffrey A. , Urata Mark M. , Howell Lori K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Excisions of scalp nevus sebaceous (NS) presents a unique challenge due to limited soft tissue laxity, hair-bearing skin, and convex surfaces which often leave the surgeon and patient underwhelmed with the reconstructive outcome. In this study, the authors conducted an institutional review board-approved retrospective review of patients who underwent excision of pathologically proven scalp primary NS from 2003 to 2017 at our institution to better define the reconstructive outcomes and options for treatment of pediatric scalp NS. 92 patients were included in the study, 54 males (58.7%) and 38 females (41.3%). The average age at surgery was 7.24 years (0.5–16.0; SD 4.7). Local tissue undermining/galeal scoring with primary closure (LTUGS) was used for lesions with average surface area of 3.6 cm2, rotational or transposition flaps (RF/TF) for lesions averaging 4.3 cm2, completed serial excision for lesions averaging 13.9 cm2, and tissue expansion (TE) for lesions averaging 21 cm2 (P <0.001). One or more poor outcomes were experienced by 35 patients (38%), with a significant difference between the surgical groups; LTUGS 37.2% (29/78), RF/TF 60% (3/5), serial excision 100% (3/3), TE 0% (0/6) (P = 0.022). Univariant binary regression analysis within the LTUGS and RF/TF groups showed that lesion size was a significant predictor of poor outcomes (P = 0.012). All specimens in this study were negative for carcinoma. Therefore, most pediatric nevus sebaceous of the scalp can be managed by a single-phase procedure though risk of poor outcomes increase with nevus size with high rates of poor outcomes even with small lesions.
Lisdexamfetamine in Pediatric Binge Eating Disorder: A Retrospective Chart Review
Authors: Guerdjikova Anna I. , Blom Thomas J. , Mori Nicole , Matthews Abigail , Cummings Tracy , Casuto Leah L. , McElroy Susan L. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives
The purpose of this retrospective chart review was to evaluate lisdexamfetamine dimesylate (LDX) in the treatment of pediatric binge eating disorder (BED).

Methods
We examined the clinical records of 25 patients, 12 to 19 years of age, who were prescribed LDX and had a diagnosis of BED between 2014 and 2017.

Results
Binge eating disorder in adolescents was highly comorbid with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, mood and anxiety disorders, and severe obesity. Fifteen participants reported some level of improvement of their BED symptoms with LDX treatment. Posttreatment body mass index (BMI) percentile was not significantly reduced, and all but 2 participants remained in their same BMI classification. Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate treatment duration was not associated with change in BMI percentile, and the medication was well tolerated.

Conclusions
Lisdexamfetamine dimesylate may have clinical utility for BED in adolescents, but randomized, placebo-controlled studies of its efficacy, tolerability, and safety in this population are needed.
Spatiotemporal Control of CRISPR/Cas9 Function in Cells and Zebrafish using Light-Activated Guide RNA
Authors: Zhou Wenyuan , Brown Wes , Bardhan Anirban , Delaney Michael , Ilk Amber S. , Rauen Randy R. , Kahn Shoeb I. , Tsang Michael , Deiters Alexander 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe developed a new method for conditional regulation of CRISPR/Cas9 activity in mammalian cells and zebrafish embryos via photochemically activated, caged guide RNAs. Caged gRNAs are generated by substituting four nucleobases evenly distributed throughout the 5’-protospacer region with caged nucleobases during synthesis. Caging confers complete suppression of gRNA:target dsDNA hybridization and rapid restoration of CRISPR/Cas9 function upon optical activation. This tool offers simplicity and complete programmability in design, high spatiotemporal specificity in cells and zebrafish embryos, excellent off to on switching, and stability by preserving the ability to form Cas9:gRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes. caged gRNAs are novel tools for conditional control of gene editing thereby enabling the investigation of spatiotemporally complex physiological events by obtaining a better understanding of dynamic gene regulation.
Cortical state transitions and stimulus response evolve along stiff and sloppy parameter dimensions, respectively
Authors: Ponce-Alvarez Adrián , Mochol Gabriela , Hermoso-Mendizabal Ainhoa , de la Rocha Jaime , Deco Gustavo 
Published: November 2019

SummaryPrevious research showed that spontaneous neuronal activity presents sloppiness: the collective behavior is strongly determined by a small number of parameter combinations, defined as “stiff” dimensions, while it is insensitive to many others (“sloppy” dimensions). Here, we analyzed neural population activity from the auditory cortex of anesthetized rats while the brain spontaneously transited through different synchronized and desynchronized states and intermittently received sensory inputs. We showed that cortical state transitions were determined by changes in stiff parameters associated with the activity of a core of neurons with low responses to stimuli and high centrality within the observed network. In contrast, stimulus-evoked responses evolved along sloppy dimensions associated with the activity of neurons with low centrality and displaying large ongoing and stimulus-evoked fluctuations without affecting the integrity of the network. Our results shed light on the interplay among stability, flexibility, and responsiveness of neuronal collective dynamics during intrinsic and induced activity.
Differences in intake of high-fat high-sugar diet are related to variations in central dopamine in humans
Authors: Hartmann Hendrik , Pauli Larissa K. , Janssen Lieneke K. , Huhn Sebastian , Ceglarek Uta , Horstmann Annette 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObesity is associated with alterations in dopaminergic transmission and cognitive function. Recent findings from rodent studies suggest that diets rich in saturated fat and refined sugars (HFS) induce changes in the dopamine system independent of excessive body weight. However, so far the impact of HFS on the human brain has not been investigated. Here, we compared the effect of dietary dopamine depletion on dopamine dependent cognitive tasks between two groups that differ in habitual intake of dietary fat and sugar. Specifically, we used a double-blind within-subject crossover design to compare the effect of acute phenylalanine/tyrosine depletion (APTD) on a reinforcement learning and a working memory task, in two groups that are on opposite ends of the spectrum of self-reported HFS intake (low vs. high intake: LFS vs. HFS group). We tested 31 healthy young women, who were matched for BMI (mostly normal weight to overweight) and IQ. Depletion of central dopamine reduced the working memory specific performance on the operation span task (OSPAN) in the LFS, but not in the HFS group (p = 0.023, r = 0.210). Learning from positive and negative reinforcement (probabilistic selection task: PST) was increased in both diet groups after dopamine depletion (p = 0.048, r = 0.144). As secondary exploratory research question we measured peripheral dopamine precursor availability (pDAP) at baseline as an estimate for central dopamine levels. The HFS group had a significantly higher pDAP at baseline compared to the LFS group (p = .048, r = −0.355). Our data provides first evidence that the intake of HFS is associated with changes in indirect measures of central dopamine levels in humans. The observed associations are independent of body weight status, suggesting that consumption of HFS might be associated with maladaptive behaviors contributing to the development of obesity.
Epithelial Vegfa specifies a distinct endothelial population in the mouse lung
Authors: Ellis Lisandra Vila , Cain Margo P , Hutchison Vera , Flodby Per , Crandall Edward D , Borok Zea , Zhou Bin , Ostrin Edwin J , Wythe Joshua D , Chen Jichao 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARYThe lung microvasculature is essential for gas exchange and commonly considered homogeneous. We show thatVascular endothelial growth factor A(Vegfa) from the epithelium specifies a distinct endothelial cell (EC) population in the postnatal mouse lung.Vegfais predominantly expressed by alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells and locally required to specify a subset of ECs. Single cell RNA-seq identified 15-20% lung ECs as transcriptionally distinct and marked by Carbonic anhydrase 4 (Car4), which are specifically lost upon epithelialVegfadeletion. Car4 ECs, unlike bulk ECs, have extensive cellular projections and are separated from AT1 cells by a limited basement membrane without intervening pericytes. Without Car4 ECs, the alveolar space is aberrantly enlarged despite the normal appearance of myofibroblasts. Lung Car4 ECs and retina tip ECs have common and distinct transcriptional profiles. These findings support a signaling role of AT1 cells and shed light on alveologenesis.
Electrical propagation of vasodilatory signals in capillary networks
Authors: Lee Pilhwa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA computational model is developed to study electrical propagation of vasodilatory signals and arteriolar regulation of blood flow depending on the oxygen tension and agonist distribution in capillary network. The involving key parameters of endothelial cell-to-cell electrical conductivity and plasma membrane area per unit volume were calibrated with the experimental data on an isolated endothelial tube of mouse skeletal feeding arteries. The oxygen saturation parameters in terms of ATP release from erythrocytes are estimated from the data of a left anterior descending coronary blood perfusion of dog. In regard to the acetylcholine induced upstream conduction, our model shows that spatially uniform superfusion of acetylcholine attenuates the electrical signal propagation, and blocking calcium activated potassium channels suppresses that attenuation. On the other hand, local infusion of acetylcholine induces enhanced electrical propagation that corresponds to physiological relevance. In the integration of the endothelial tube and the lumped arterioles vessel model, we show that endothelial purinergic oxygen sensing of ATP released from erythrocytes and local infusion of acetylcholine are all individually effective to induce vasodilatory signals to regulate blood flow in arterioles. We have recapitulated the upstream vasomotion in arterioles from the elevated oxygen tension in the downstream capillary domain. This study is a foundation for characterizing effective pharmaceutical strategies for ascending vasodilation and oxygenation.
EXoO-Tn: Tag-n-Map the Tn Antigen in the Human Proteome
Authors: Yang Weiming , Ao Minghui , Song Angellina , Xu Yuanwei , Zhang Hui 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTn antigen (Tn), a single N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) monosaccharide attached to protein Ser/Thr residues, is found on most solid tumors yet rarely detected in adult tissues, featuring it one of the most distinctive signatures of cancers. Although it is prevalent in cancers, Tn-glycosylation sites are not entirely clear owing to the lack of suitable technology. Knowing the Tn-glycosylation sites will spur the development of new vaccines, diagnostics, and therapeutics of cancers. Here, we report a novel technology named EXoO-Tn for large-scale mapping of Tn-glycosylation sites. EXoO-Tn utilizes glycosyltransferase C1GalT1 and isotopically-labeled UDP-Gal(13C6) to tag and convert Tn to Gal(13C6)-Tn, which has a unique mass being distinguishable to other glycans. This exquisite Gal(13C6)-Tn structure is recognized by OpeRATOR that specifically cleaves N-termini of the Gal(13C6)-Tn-occupied Ser/Thr residues to yield site-containing glycopeptides. The use of EXoO-Tn mapped 947 Tn-glycosylation sites from 480 glycoproteins in Jurkat cells. Given the importance of Tn in diseases, EXoO-Tn is anticipated to have broad utility in clinical studies.