bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromospheric activity in bright contact binary stars
Authors: Mitnyan T. , Szalai T. , Bódi A. , Kriskovics L. , Vida K. , Cseh B. , Hanyecz O. , Ordasi A. , Pál A. , Vinkó J. 
Published: February 2020

Context. Studying chromospheric activity of contact binaries is an effective way of revealing the magnetic activity processes of these systems. One efficient but somewhat neglected method for this purpose is to follow the changes of the Hα line profiles via optical spectroscopy.
Aims. Our goal is to perform a comprehensive preliminary analysis based on the optical spectral signs of chromospheric activity on the largest sample of contact binaries to date.
Methods. We collected optical echelle spectra on 12 bright contact binaries in 17 nights. We derived new radial velocity curves from our observations. For quantifying the apparent chromospheric activity levels of the systems, we subtracted self-constructed synthetic spectra from the observed ones and measured the equivalent widths of the residual Hα-profiles at each observed epoch. Our well-sampled data set allowed us to study the short-term variations of chromospheric activity levels as well as to search for correlations between them and some basic physical parameters of the systems.
Results. Fitting the radial velocity curves, we re-determined the mass ratios and systemic velocities of all observed objects. We found that chromospheric activity levels of the studied systems show various changes during the orbital revolution: we see either flat, one-peaked, or two-peaked distributions of equivalent width vs. the orbital phase. The first case means that the activity level is probably constant, while the latter two cases suggest the presence of one or two active longitudes at the stellar surfaces. Our correlation diagrams show that mean chromospheric activity levels may be related to the orbital periods, B−V color indices, inverse Rossby numbers, and temperature differences of the components. At the same time, no clear trend is visible with respect to the mass ratios, inclinations, or fill-out factors of the systems. A- and W-type contact binaries in our sample show similar distributions on each of the studied correlation diagrams.
Técnicas de antissepsia em procedimentos cirúrgicos ortopédicos: Um estudo comparativo
Authors: Mendes Eugênio César , Carvalho Mauro de Castro , Carvalho Rafael Baroni , Ferraz Célio Alves , Souza Diba Maria S.T. , Schnaider Taylor B. 
Published: February 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Comparar as técnicas de antissepsia utilizando clorexidina degermante associada a álcool etílico e a clorexidina alcoólica versus clorexidina degermante associada a clorexidina alcoólica, em procedimentos cirúrgicos ortopédicos.
Métodos Trata-se de um estudo clínico, primário, randomizado, analítico e de centro único, constituído por 170 pacientes ortopédicos submetidos a abordagem cirúrgica, alocados em 2 grupos aleatórios, nos quais foram testados clorexidina degermante + clorexidina alcoólica (grupo CDCA) e clorexidina degermante + álcool etílico a 70% + clorexidina alcoólica (grupo CDACA). Foram realizadas culturas nos meios manitol e eosina azul de metileno (EAM) de amostras colhidas nos períodos de pré-degermação (0), pós-degermação (1) e após a incisão suturada (2).
Resultados Em relação ao crescimento bacteriano nos meios de cultura manitol e EAM entre os grupos, em cada período de estudo (0, 1 e 2), não ocorreu diferença estatística significativa nesta pesquisa. Na avaliação do tipo de crescimento bacteriano nos meios de cultura manitol e EAM, também não foi constatada significância estatística entre os grupos.
Conclusão Não ocorreu diferença entre as técnicas utilizadas na antissepsia para prevenção de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em procedimentos ortopédicos, mas, ao final do trabalho, foi possível a elaboração de um protocolo de medidas para realização de prevenção infecciosa nesses procedimentos.
Representing Anglophone culture in China
Authors: Yuan Mingming 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUsing three Chinese translations ofPeter Pancompleted at different times in history, this paper discusses how the spread of the Anglophone culture in China influenced the representation of Anglophone culture in translations. The paper provides an overview of different types of culture-bound elements identified inPeter Pan, illustrating the different translation strategies adopted to treat these elements. The analysis focuses on the influence of the changing sociocultural context in China, exploring how the spread of Anglophone culture in China over time is reflected in the translation of culture-bound elements. As the penetration of the Anglophone culture into China became more profound from the early twentieth century to the early twenty-first century, the source culture became better preserved, providing readers with a culturally rich target text with foreignizing translation strategies.
DATA 2000 Waiver Training for Medical Students: Lessons Learned from a Medical School Experience
Authors: Zerbo Erin , Traba Christin , Matthew Pravin , Chen Sophia , Holland Bart K. , Levounis Petros , Nelson Lewis S. , Lamba Sangeeta 
Published: February 2020

Background In the midst of this national opioid crisis, it has become apparent that there is a large shortage in the workforce of treatment providers equipped to deliver evidence-based care for opioid use disorders (OUD). Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), such as buprenorphine, are crucial in reducing mortality in those with OUD, and yet prescribers must meet federal waiver requirements under the Drug Addiction Treatment Act of 2000 (DATA 2000). There are now several pathways for medical schools to satisfy these waiver requirements for all graduates, but this has not yet become widespread. We propose that including a DATA 2000 waiver training within the medical school curriculum is a feasible and effective way to meet eligibility requirements to prescribe buprenorphine. Methods As part of a longitudinal opioid curriculum requirement, we implemented a DATA 2000 waiver training for all rising Year 4 medical students. One hundred sixty-nine students completed a hybrid (online and in-person) waiver training. The majority completed a pre- and post-survey. Results The pre-training survey showed 93% of rising Year 4 medical students (112/120) reported participation in care of patients with OUD. Students six month post-training reported a rise in confidence (1.94 to 2.45; p < 0.01) and knowledge (2.27 to 2.76; p < 0.01) regarding MOUD. They also reported their plans to apply for the buprenorphine waiver once licensed and reported being more likely to prescribe buprenorphine for OUD as a result of the training (mean = 3.35; SD = 1.36; 0 = extremely unlikely to 5 = extremely likely). Conclusions We successfully implemented a DATA 2000 waiver training as a mandatory requirement for the medical school curriculum. Further studies are needed to determine optimal timing, best format, and frequency of reinforcement of MOUD educational content across the undergraduate and graduate medical education continuum.
Pressure-induced metallization and reentrant insulativity in elemental crystal of phosphorus: a prediction by ab initio calculations
Authors: Zhuang Quan , Jin Xilian , Bao Kuo , Cui Tian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Elemental materials made up from just one type of element is more unpredictable than people usually think at pressures. For examples, alkali metals are reported to transform into insulator firstly and then reenter into metallic state with pressures. Here, we have deeply investigated the structures and electronic properties of elemental phosphorus under high pressure. The phase sequence of phosphorus is improved, and two new close-packed structures are proposed to be stable beyond 350 GPa. Strikingly, for the insulate phosphorus at ambient pressure, the feature of pressure-induced metallization and subsequently reentrant insulativity with pressures is deduced, which is opposite to the evolutionary electronic structures in alkali metals upon compression. Furthermore, the electronic density of states at Fermi level is disclosed to dominate the variation trend of electron–phonon coupling strength and superconducting critical temperature.
Self-falsifiable hierarchical detection of overlapping communities on social networks
Authors: Li Tianyi , Zhang Pan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
No community detection algorithm can be optimal for all possible networks, thus it is important to identify whether the algorithm is suitable for a given network. We propose a multi-step algorithmic solution scheme for overlapping community detection based on an advanced label propagation process, which imitates the community formation process on social networks. Our algorithm is parameter-free and is able to reveal the hierarchical order of communities in the graph. The unique property of our solution scheme is self-falsifiability; an automatic quality check of the results is conducted after the detection, and the fitness of the algorithm for the specific network is reported. Extensive experiments show that our algorithm is self-consistent, reliable on networks of a wide range of size and different sorts, and is more robust than existing algorithms on both sparse and large-scale social networks. Results further suggest that our solution scheme may uncover features of networks’ intrinsic community structures.
Learning the dynamics of open quantum systems from their steady states
Authors: Bairey Eyal , Guo Chu , Poletti Dario , Lindner Netanel H , Arad Itai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Recent works have shown that generic local Hamiltonians can be efficiently inferred from local measurements performed on their eigenstates or thermal states. Realistic quantum systems are often affected by dissipation and decoherence due to coupling to an external environment. This raises the question whether the steady states of such open quantum systems contain sufficient information allowing for full and efficient reconstruction of the system’s dynamics. We find that such a reconstruction is possible for generic local Markovian dynamics. We propose a recovery method that uses only local measurements; for systems with finite-range interactions, the method recovers the Lindbladian acting on each spatial domain using only observables within that domain. We numerically study the accuracy of the reconstruction as a function of the number of measurements, type of open-system dynamics and system size. Interestingly, we show that couplings to external environments can in fact facilitate the reconstruction of Hamiltonians composed of commuting terms.
Spatial heterogeneity in CO2, CH4, and energy fluxes: insights from airborne eddy covariance measurements over the Mid-Atlantic region
Authors: Hannun Reem A , Wolfe Glenn M , Kawa S Randy , Hanisco Thomas F , Newman Paul A , Alfieri Joseph G , Barrick John , Clark Kenneth L , DiGangi Joshua P , Diskin Glenn S , King John , Kustas William P , Mitra Bhaskar , Noormets Asko , Nowak John B , Thornhill K Lee , Vargas Rodrigo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The exchange of carbon between the Earth’s atmosphere and biosphere influences the atmospheric abundances of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Airborne eddy covariance (EC) can quantify surface-atmosphere exchange from landscape-to-regional scales, offering a unique perspective on carbon cycle dynamics. We use extensive airborne measurements to quantify fluxes of sensible heat, latent heat, CO2, and CH4 across multiple ecosystems in the Mid-Atlantic region during September 2016 and May 2017. In conjunction with footprint analysis and land cover information, we use the airborne dataset to explore the effects of landscape heterogeneity on measured fluxes. Our results demonstrate large variability in CO2 uptake over mixed agricultural and forested sites, with fluxes ranging from −3.4 ± 0.7 to −11.5 ± 1.6 μmol m−2 s−1 for croplands and −9.1 ± 1.5 to −22.7 ± 3.2 μmol m−2 s−1 for forests. We also report substantial CH4 emissions of 32.3 ± 17.0 to 76.1 ± 29.4 nmol m−2 s−1 from a brackish herbaceous wetland and 58.4 ± 12.0 to 181.2 ± 36.8 nmol m−2 s−1 from a freshwater forested wetland. Comparison of ecosystem-specific aircraft observations with measurements from EC flux towers along the flight path demonstrate that towers capture ∼30%–75% of the regional variability in ecosystem fluxes. Diel patterns measured at the tower sites suggest that peak, midday flux measurements from aircraft accurately predict net daily CO2 exchange. We discuss next steps in applying airborne observations to evaluate bottom-up flux models and improve understanding of the biophysical processes that drive carbon exchange from landscape-to-regional scales.
An analysis of the urbanization contribution to observed terrestrial stilling in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China
Authors: Wang Jun , Feng Jinming , Yan Zhongwei , Qiu Yuan , Cao Lijuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Decreases in terrestrial near-surface wind speed (NSWS) were documented in many regions over the past decades. Various drivers have been proposed for this terrestrial stilling, such as weakening of ocean-land pressure gradients related to climate change and increased surface roughness linked to vegetation growth; but none have been robustly established as the cause. A plausible reason for this quandary is that the local impact of urbanization on NSWS has been overlooked. Here, we used homogenized NSWS records from in situ weather stations and a satellite-based dynamic urban–rural classification scheme to quantitatively assess the contribution of urbanization to observed terrestrial stilling during 1980–2016 over the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region of China. Results suggested that urbanization contributed approximately 8% to the observed decrease in the regional NSWS in urban areas, implying that urbanization played a minor role in terrestrial stilling, even in this rapidly developing region. The largest NSWS changes related to urbanization occurred in winter, followed by spring, autumn, and summer. Urbanization reduced the days with relatively strong winds but increased the days with light and gentle winds. We found that except for the Japanese 55 year reanalysis (JRA-55) dataset, none of the common reanalysis products reproduced the observed NSWS trends in urban or rural areas. However, this could be because of JRA-55’s intrinsic negative bias in NSWS trends over land. Thus, regional terrestrial NSWS trends derived from reanalysis products deserve careful examination.
Focus on leakage and spillovers: informing land-use governance in a tele-coupled world
Authors: Meyfroidt P , Börner J , Garrett R , Gardner T , Godar J , Kis-Katos K , Soares-Filho B S , Wunder S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Governing land use to achieve sustainable outcomes is challenging, because land systems manifest complex land use spillovers—i.e. processes by which land use changes or direct interventions in land use (e.g. policy, program, new technologies) in one place have impacts on land use in another place. The ERL issue ‘Focus on Leakage: informing Land-Use Governance in a Tele-coupled World’ builds on discussions in an international expert workshop conducted in Berlin in November 2017 to explore innovative ways to improve our understanding of how governance interventions, new technologies and other factors can affect land-use change both directly and indirectly through spillovers. This editorial starts by clarifying the definitions and relationships between land-use spillover, indirect land use change—a form of spillover where land use change in one place is caused by land use change in another place—leakage—a form of land use spillover, which is caused by an environmental policy (e.g. a conservation or restoration intervention), and the spillover reduces the overall benefits and effectiveness of this intervention—, and land use displacement processes. We then use this terminology to summarize the individual contributions of this special issue and conclude with lessons learned as well as directions for future research.
Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Small Township Wastewater Treatment Plant and the Receiving River
Authors: Chen M X , Zhang Y Q , Chang J L , Ma X G , Lei T , Yang J , Jiang T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Six ARGs (tetX, sul1, qnrS, blaTEM, ermB and intl1) were quantified by qPCR, along with concentrations of inorganic nitrogen (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate), total phosphorous (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The sewage treatment facilities had elimination effects on the six target genes; absolute abundance decreased from 104–107 copies/mL in the influent to 103–105 copies/mL in effluent, and the removal efficiencies were 74.27–96.51%; the highest removal performance was for tetX. The main treatment units for eliminating ARGs were the aeration tank and the secondary sedimentation tank. Absolute abundances of ARGs in the effluent and downstream water were 3.24–18.83 and 1.86–8.55 times higher than that in the upstream river, respectively. The absolute abundances of different target ARGs were positively correlated (R = 0.6762 ± 0.1777), indicating similar elimination mechanisms, and a positive correlation between ARGs and ammonia nitrogen (R = 0.5025 ± 0.2711). Raw wastewater contained numerous ARGs, which were partially removed by the WWTP. However, there remained a high absolute abundance of ARGs in effluent, causing an increase in water-phase ARGs in the receiving river. Hence, effluent was an important pollution point source for the receiving river.
Heavy Metals Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of the Sediments of Anrongjing River in Taizhou City
Authors: Jia B J , He S F , Huang Z , Liao J L , Zhang J P 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In order to study the heavy metals pollution in the river channel of the city, this paper based on the results of the sediments detections of Anrongjing River in Taizhou, using the single pollution index method, the potential ecological risk index method, the cluster analysis method and other methods to evaluate the content, the degree of pollution, the distribution, ecological risk assessment, etc. of heavy metals. The results show that Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd in the sediments are seriously polluted. Viewed from the plane, the main pollution areas are the upstream, the two tributaries and the tributaries and main river crossings. Viewed from the vertical, the heavy metals pollution roughly decreases with increasing sediments depth. The results of heavy metals ecological risk assessment show that the potential ecological hazards of Cu and Cd are serious, the pollution of Cd and Cu in the source, the two tributaries and tributaries and main river crossings are the most serious.
Effects of Tillage Systems on Labile Fractions of Soil Organic Nitrogen of a Freeze-Thaw Agricultural Area in Northeast China
Authors: Lai Xuehui , Ren Xiaoli , Zhu Kaijin , Yan Cai , Yu Juan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The impact of tillage systems is obvious in the nitrogen mineralization. Few studies have focused on the relationship between labile fraction of soil organic nitrogen (SON) and crop nitrogen absorption under different tillage systems in freeze-thaw agricultural area. In this study, the effects of conventional tillage (CT) and no-tillage (NT) on the labile fractions of soil organic nitrogen and the relationships with the potentially mineralizable nitrogen (N0) at different soil depths in seeding, jointing, filling and maturity seasons over four years (2010, 2011, 2015 and 2016) were explored. It has been demonstrated that the labile fractions of SON and N0 in NT were higher than in CT at 0-5, 0-10 and 0-20cm. N0 was positively and highly related to the medium particulate organic carbon (mPOM-C) (P<0.01) under CT and NT, whereas highly significant and negative correlations (P<0.01) between N0 and medium particulate organic nitrogen (mPOM-N) were detected under both tillage systems at 0-5 and 0-10cm. The difference in these correlations between tillage systems had been found to be the most notable at the 0-5cm depth. The higher SON fractions content would contribute to the nitrogen mineralization potential because of freeze-thaw conditions during the crop growing season.
Exponential Decay Model of TVOC Emission from Indoor Building Materials
Authors: Zhang Y , Niu Y R , Liu Y , Wu Y F , Jiang J X , Guan H Y , Guo Z B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) are mainly derived from indoor building materials and are one of the main causes of indoor air pollution. This paper presents a research on simulating the TVOC release of building materials in the environmental chamber. In this work, a simple and practical prediction model of exponential decay is established to study the transport and the emission behaviors under the effect of convective mass transfer theory. Based on this theory, the model considers the porous structure of indoor building materials and assumes that concentration of TVOC at the boundary of building material obeys exponential distribution. This paper focuses on two kinds of indoor building materials, interior wall coatings and wood coatings. Numerical simulation and experimental parameters are obtained by environmental chamber method. By modelling the emission of TVOCs, and comparing the present model with the classical model, the validity of the present model can be confirmed. Besides, from the results of the fitting, it can be seen that the new exponential decay predition model has a better agreement with the experimental data, and which can describe the release characteristics and transmissionmechanisms of TVOCs more accurately, and the root mean square error is much less than the classical model.
Study on the Electricity Generation Characteristics of Microbial Fuel Cell with Different Substrates
Authors: Jin Y Z , Wu Y C , Li B Q , Zhu H D , Li Y P , Zhuang M Z , Fu H Y 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We use anhydrous sodium acetate, glucose, lactose and Colocasia antiquorum Schott as anode substrate to study the periodic curve of battery voltage and stable output voltage of different substrates, The results showed that the four kinds of microbial fuel cells with sodium acetate, glucose, lactose and pretreated Colocasia antiquorum Schott as anode substrate had the following power generation periods: 23.98 d, 20.15 d, 18.84 d and 23.52 d, respectively, and the stable voltage at the two ends of the resistance of microbial fuel cells with four different anode substrates are 0.77 V, 0.75 V, 0.65 V and 0.70 V respectively. We found at the same carbon source concentration, MFC with sodium acetate as the substrate has the best electricity production characteristics. When the pretreated Colocasia antiquorum Schott is used as anode substrate, the time for cell voltage to rise from initial value to stable value is the shortest, and as a carbon source, it can also play a dominant role in the process of electric energy collection and utilization.