bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Authority of Internal Auditor to Prevent Corruption Committed by Civil Servants and Government Official
Authors: Helmi Helmi , Iskandar Iskandar 
Published: April 2020

Internal audit is significant to guarantee and ensure the enforcement of laws and regulations as well as to prevent power abuse by civil servants or government officials that may cause financial loss for the country. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the authority of internal audit, to describe how this authority is regulated, to depict the authority to prevent power abuse, and to illustrate the protection over and enforcement of administrative law on allegation of power abuse. This study is a normative juridical study analyzing primary and secondary legal material relevant to the subject under study. The result of the study reveals that the authority of internal audit has been set in various legal products. The operating procedures for legal protection over allegation of arbitrary behavior against civil servants or government officials are filing an objection or an appeal against the discovery of the internal audit. If the case is not a subject of investigation of law enforcement officers the accused may contest the finding to Administrative Court and request the judge to review the finding. If the accused is proven to be guilty of abusing power that causes financial loss for the state and, thus, be sentenced for the alleged conduct (inkracht), he or she shall be immediately dismissed from his/her position. The regulation posits that officer who ignores the verdict and continues to keep the defendant on his/her position shall be penalized.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Glargine U300 and Glargine U100 for the Inpatient Management of Medicine and Surgery Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Glargine U300 Hospital Trial
Authors: Pasquel Francisco J. , Lansang M. Cecilia , Khowaja Ameer , Urrutia M. Agustina , Cardona Saumeth , Albury Bonnie , Galindo Rodolfo J. , Fayfman Maya , Davis Georgia , Migdal Alexandra , Vellanki Priyathama , Peng Limin , Umpierrez Guillermo E. 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE
The role of U300 glargine insulin for the inpatient management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has not been determined. We compared the safety and efficacy of glargine U300 versus glargine U100 in noncritically ill patients with T2D.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This prospective, open-label, randomized clinical trial included 176 patients with poorly controlled T2D (admission blood glucose [BG] 228 ± 82 mg/dL and HbA1c 9.5 ± 2.2%), treated with oral agents or insulin before admission. Patients were treated with a basal-bolus regimen with glargine U300 (n = 92) or glargine U100 (n = 84) and glulisine before meals. We adjusted insulin daily to a target BG of 70–180 mg/dL. The primary end point was noninferiority in the mean difference in daily BG between groups. The major safety outcome was the occurrence of hypoglycemia.

RESULTS
There were no differences between glargine U300 and U100 in mean daily BG (186 ± 40 vs. 184 ± 46 mg/dL, P = 0.62), percentage of readings within target BG of 70–180 mg/dL (50 ± 27% vs. 55 ± 29%, P = 0.3), length of stay (median [IQR] 6.0 [4.0, 8.0] vs. 4.0 [3.0, 7.0] days, P = 0.06), hospital complications (6.5% vs. 11%, P = 0.42), or insulin total daily dose (0.43 ± 0.21 vs. 0.42 ± 0.20 units/kg/day, P = 0.74). There were no differences in the proportion of patients with BG &lt;70 mg/dL (8.7% vs. 9.5%, P &gt; 0.99), but glargine U300 resulted in significantly lower rates of clinically significant hypoglycemia (&lt;54 mg/dL) compared with glargine U100 (0% vs. 6.0%, P = 0.023).

CONCLUSIONS
Hospital treatment with glargine U300 resulted in similar glycemic control compared with glargine U100 and may be associated with a lower incidence of clinically significant hypoglycemia.
ANÁLISE SOBRE O IMPACTO DA ROTEIRIZAÇÃO EM UMA PIZZARIA DE ALTO FLUXO
Authors: Oliveira Laios Fraga , Santana Diego Batista , Bueno Regis Cortez 
Published: April 2020

O presente estudo abordará os assuntos relacionados a roteirização e conceitos básicos de custos logísticos. O trabalho será baseado em uma pizzaria localizada na zona leste de São Paulo, no bairro de Guaianases, a qual atualmente não possui um planejamento adequado e eficiente para a gestão de suas entregas, contando apenas com análises superficiais em sistemas de GPS comuns. Aplicando o sistema Routeasy para auxiliar na determinação das rotas, o presente estudo busca analisar se a empresa conseguiria otimizar e reduzir a quantidade de quilômetros gasta nos percursos de entrega, fator que consequentemente diminuiria os custos variáveis logísticos, ampliando margens de lucro.
Therapiebeziehung und duale Philosophie des Geistes
Authors: Basti Gianfranco 
Published: April 2020

In diesem Beitrag werden Prinzipien der Therapiebeziehung umrissen, die auf einer dualen Anthropologie basieren, die typisch für den intentionalen Ansatz der Kognitionswissenschaften und sowohl der scholastischen als auch der phänomenologischen Tradition angehören. Dieser Ansatz basiert auf dem Prinzip, dass das Ich nicht objektivierbar ist und daher auf dem Prinzip, dass die Therapiebeziehung darin besteht, dem Ich seine Dynamik zurückzugeben, seine Fixierung auf ein immer unangemessenes Selbstbild, das durch die Umwelt oder das Individuum selbst hervorgerufen wird, zu vermeiden und ihm so seine konstruktive Beziehung zur Realität zurückzugeben. Die duale Anthropologie bietet auch eine physikalisch-mathematische Grundlage, die auf der Unterscheidung von Energie und Information basiert, die Lebewesen und insbesondere Menschen als «offenes» System im ständigen gegenseitigen Energieund Informationsaustausch mit der physischen und zwischenmenschlichen Umwelt definiert. Das bedeutet, dass der Geist und seine höheren Funktionen (Intellekt und Wille) nicht «im» Gehirn, sondern in die Schnittstelle zwischen dem Gehirn und seiner Umgebung verortet werden, wodurch der Begriff «Person» als ein für die intersubjektive Beziehung offenes Individuum eine Grundlage erhält, die – entgegen der modernen, schizophrenen Dualismen «Materie» und «Geist», «Physik» und «Metaphysik», «Wissenschaft» und «Humanismus» – in der Lage ist, in einer harmonischen Synthese das Beste der modernen Wissenschaft mit dem Kern der grossen metaphysischen Traditionen zu vereinen, jenseits der sukzessiven Unterscheidungen von Glaubensrichtungen und Kulturen.
Gewaltfreie Hermeneutik der Identität
Authors: Yousefi Hamid Reza 
Published: April 2020

Der Beitrag begreift sich als ein Versuch, das Konzept einer gewaltfreien Hermeneutik der Identität (GHI) in Anlehnung an die Psychotherapiewissenschaft (PTW) zu entwerfen, die hier als ein systemisch-systematisches Dach der kontextuellen Psychotherapie betrachtet wird. Der Ausdruck «kontextuell» bezeichnet hierbei die Berücksichtigung aller Einbettungen der Identität innerhalb der Kulturen der Völker auf Theorien der Psychotherapie. Es werden Gefahren aufgezeigt und ein Lösungsvorschlag formuliert, um Konflikte zwischen diesen Psychotherapie-Theorien (PT) dialogisch zu bewältigen. Die GHI betrachtet Selbstkonzepte als offene Ganzheiten mit unendlichen Prädikaten. Jede Form von Universalisierung oder Absolutsetzung der eigenen oder einer bestimmten PT soll dabei vermieden werden, um den Toleranz-Dialog zwischen solchen Theorien und ihrer psychotherapeutischen Praxis zu fördern. Dadurch entsteht ein offener Diskursraum, in dem unterschiedliche Positionen mit ihren jeweils eigenen Fragestellungen und Lösungsansätzen vertreten sind. Das methodische Vorgehen ist hermeneutisch-enzyklisch ausgerichtet, um eine umfassend-verstehende Betrachtung der PT zu ermöglichen.
LISÍMETROS DE PESAGEM DE PEQUENO PORTE NA INVESTIGAÇÃO DE TRANSPIRAÇÃO DE PLANTAS DE FEIJÃO
Authors: Lima Luis Philippe de Arruda , Gaio Denilton Carlos , Rosa Lauro Leocádio da , Anjos Mariane Ribeiro dos , De Musis Carlo Ralph , Sanches Luciana , Nogueira José Souza 
Published: April 2020

Estudos envolvendo lisímetros de pesagem adaptados para plantas de pequeno porte não são comuns, normalmente, a investigação da evapotranspiração e transpiração de culturas se dá por meio da utilização de recipientes de grande porte apoiados em sistemas de balanceamento, o que demanda um grande trabalho mecânico para construção dos mesmos. Sendo assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a eficiência de lisímetros de pesagem de pequeno porte, que foram construídos para o estudo da transpiração de plantas de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) na estação de seca, em Cuiabá-MT. Com a utilização de vasos e garrafas pet, foi possível construir 198 lisímetros de pesagem de pequeno porte e dividi-los em 15 grupos com diferentes quantidades de água no solo. Dados horários de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar, adquiridos do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET), foram utilizados no cálculo do déficit de pressão de vapor (DPV) para a caracterização da condição meteorológica local durante o dia de medições. Foi possível realizar o balanço hídrico nos lisímetros com a utilização de balança digital. Obteve-se um ajuste exponencial da transpiração em função da quantidade de água no solo (R²= 77,8%) e observou-se uma forte relação da transpiração com o déficit de pressão de vapor.Palavras-chave: lisímetros adaptados; taxa de transpiração; déficit de pressão de vapor. SMALL WEIGHING LYSIMETERS IN THE INVESTIGATION OF TRANSPIRATION OF BEAN PLANTS ABSTRACT: Studies involving weighing lysimeters adapted for plants of small sizes are not common, usually the investigation of evapotranspiration and transpiration of cultures occurs through the use of large containers supported in balancing systems, which demands a great mechanical work for construction. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of small-scale weighing lysimeters constructed for the study of the transpiration of bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the dry season in Cuiabá (Mato Grosso). Using plastic vases and pet bottles, it was possible to construct 198 small weighing lysimeters and divide them into 15 groups with different amounts of water in the soil. Hourly air temperature and relative humidity data, acquired from the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET), were used in the calculation of the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) for the characterization of the local meteorological condition during the day of measurements. It was possible to perform the water balance in the lysimeters with the use of commercial balance (1g precision). An exponential adjustment was obtained of transpiration as a function of the amount of water in the soil (R² = 77.8%) and a strong relationship of transpiration with the vapor pressure deficit was observed.Keywords: adapted lysimeters; transpiration rate; vapor pressure deficit.
EFICIÊNCIA DE UTILIZAÇÃO DE NUTRIENTES PELO EUCALIPTO EM SISTEMA AGROSSILVIPASTORIL
Authors: Araujo Kamile Zompero , Wink Charlote , Lange Anderson , Moreira Igor Duarte Andrade , Curto Rafaella De Angeli 
Published: April 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito das configurações de plantio do sistema agrossilvipastoril sobre a eficiência de utilização de nutrientes nos diferentes compartimentos da biomassa do eucalipto. A EUN foi obtida pela razão entre o estoque da biomassa e dos nutrientes, avaliada pela média, desvio padrão (DP) e coeficiente de variação (CV) e pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis com comparação entre arranjos pelo teste de Dunn (5% de probabilidade). A média de EUN dos macronutrientes variou de 49,40 a 3.257 kg kg-1 (DP: 2,78 a 528,19 e CV: 2,08 a 33,44%) e de 30.376,00 a 192.125 kg kg-1 para os micronutrientes (DP: 1,32 a 23.336,50 e CV: 0,004 a 28,41%). A magnitude decrescente da EUN da biomassa total foi P> S> K> Mg> N> Ca, na biomassa residual foi de S> P> Mg> K> Ca> N, nos galhos grossos foi de S> P> Mg> K> N> Ca, e na madeira e casca foi de P> S> K> Mg> N> Ca. Portanto, apesar de não se observar o padrão típico de aumento da EUN com o aumento da densidade de árvores nas faixas de cultivo do ILPF, o sistema agrossilvipastoril influenciou na variabilidade da EUN, sendo que variações desse padrão podem ocorrer, dependendo do compartimento da biomassa e do nutriente avaliado.Palavras-chave: ILPF; EUN; biomassa. NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY OF EUCALYPTUS IN CROP-LIVESTOK-FOREST SYSTEM ABSTRACT: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the agrosilvipastoral system planting configuration on the nutrient use efficiency (NUE) of the different compartiments of eucalyptus biomass. The NUE was obtained by the ratio between biomass and nutrient stock, evaluated by the mean, standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) and by the Kruskall-Wallis test, at a 5% probability level with the evaluated weights by Dunn’s test. The EUN mean of the macronutrients ranged from 49 to 3.250 (SD: 2,95 to 4.258,72 and CV: 2,08 a 26,20%) and from 30.370 to 192.124 for micronutrientes (SD: 1,32 to 63.432,41 and CV: 0,02 to 20,14%). The decreasing magnitude of the NUE for the total biomass was P> S> K> Mg> N> Ca, for the residual biomass was S> P> Mg> K> Ca> N, for thick branches was S> P> Mg> K> N> Ca, and for the wood and the bark, was P> S> K> Mg> N> Ca.Therefore, although the typical pattern of EUN increase with increasing tree density in the CLF cultivation bands is not observed the agrosilvipastoral system influenced the variability of the EUN, and variations of this pattern may occur, depending on the biomass compartiment and the evaluated nutrient.Keywords: CLF System; NUE; biomass.
A COMPOSTAGEM DA CASCA DE CAFÉ CARBONIZADA FAVORECE A PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE INGÁ
Authors: Faria Júlio Cézar Tannure , Pinto Victor Mendes de Oliveira , Gonçalves Douglas Santos , Souza Denys Matheus Santana Costa , Fernandes Sérgio Bruno , Brondani Gilvano Ebling 
Published: April 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a casca de café carbonizada e decomposta como componente do substrato para a produção de mudas de Inga vera Willd subsp. affinis (DC). T.D. Penn. por meio da avaliação da sobrevivência e das características morfológicas de crescimento. O experimento foi conduzido em tubetes de 110 cm³, sendo instalado em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, constituindo sete tratamentos, com cinco repetições de oito mudas por parcela. Após 180 dias da semeadura, avaliaram-se a sobrevivência e a altura das mudas, diâmetro do coleto, relação altura/diâmetro do coleto, matéria seca da parte aérea, matéria seca do sistema radicular, matéria seca total, relação matéria seca da parte aérea/raiz, e o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). Por meio dos resultados obtidos, constatou-se que a compostagem da casca de café carbonizada melhorou significativamente a qualidade das mudas de Inga vera subsp. affinis, sendo que o substrato contendo este componente resultou nas melhores respostas para a sobrevivência e para a maioria dos parâmetros de qualidade avaliados. Novos estudos são recomendados para se conhecer melhor os efeitos deste componente renovável para a produção de mudas.Palavras-chave: Inga vera subsp. affinis; substrato renovável; compostagem; qualidade de mudas; mudas florestais. CARBONIZED AND DECOMPOSED COFFEE HUSK AS SUBSTRATE COMPONENT FOR INGÁ SEEDLING PRODUCTION ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the carbonized and decomposed coffee husk in the seedling production of Inga vera Willd subsp. affinis (DC). T. D. Penn by assessing the survival and growth. The experiment was conducted in recipient of 110 cm³, being installed in a completely randomized design consisting of seven treatments with five replications of eight seedlings per plot. After 180 days, the survival rate, plant height, stem diameter, ratio between plant height and stem diameter, shoot dry mass, dry mass of root system, total dry mass, dry mass ratio of shoot/root dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (IQD) were evaluated. The composting of the carbonized coffee husk improved the quality of Inga vera subsp. affinis seedlings; and the substrate with proportions of this component resulted in the best responses for survival and most of the quality parameters evaluated. Further studies are recommended to better understand the effects of this component for the seedling production.Keywords: Inga vera subsp. affinis; renewable substrate; composting; seedling quality; forest seedlings.
Obex position is associated with syringomyelia and use of posterior fossa decompression among patients with Chiari I malformation
Authors: Haller Gabe , Sadler Brooke , Kuensting Timothy , Lakshman Nivan , Greenberg Jacob K. , Strahle Jennifer M. , Park Tae Sung , Dobbs Matthew B. , Gurnett Christina A. , Limbrick David D. 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVEChiari I malformation (CM-I) has traditionally been defined by measuring the position of the cerebellar tonsils relative to the foramen magnum. The relationships of tonsillar position to clinical presentation, syringomyelia, scoliosis, and the use of posterior fossa decompression (PFD) surgery have been studied extensively and yielded inconsistent results. Obex position has been proposed as a useful adjunctive descriptor for CM-I and may be associated with clinical disease severity.METHODSA retrospective chart review was performed of 442 CM-I patients with MRI who presented for clinical evaluation between 2003 and 2018. Clinical and radiological variables were measured for all patients, including presence/location of headaches, Chiari Severity Index (CSI) grade, tonsil position, obex position, clival canal angle, pB-C2 distance, occipitalization of the atlas, basilar invagination, syringomyelia, syrinx diameter, scoliosis, and use of PFD. Radiological measurements were then used to predict clinical characteristics using regression and survival analyses, with performing PFD, the presence of a syrinx, and scoliosis as outcome variables.RESULTSAmong the radiological measurements, tonsil position, obex position, and syringomyelia were each independently associated with use of PFD. Together, obex position, tonsil position, and syringomyelia (area under the curve [AUC] 89%) or obex position and tonsil position (AUC 85.4%) were more strongly associated with use of PFD than tonsil position alone (AUC 76%) (Pdiff = 3.4 × 10−6 and 6 × 10−4, respectively) but were only slightly more associated than obex position alone (AUC 82%) (Pdiff = 0.01 and 0.18, respectively). Additionally, obex position was significantly associated with occipital headaches, CSI grade, syringomyelia, and scoliosis, independent of tonsil position. Tonsil position was associated with each of these traits when analyzed alone but did not remain significantly associated with use of PFD when included in multivariate analyses with obex position.CONCLUSIONSCompared with tonsil position alone, obex position is more strongly associated with symptomatic CM-I, as measured by presence of a syrinx, scoliosis, or use of PFD surgery. These results support the role of obex position as a useful radiological measurement to inform the evaluation and potentially the management of CM-I.
Актуальні проблеми правової підготовки здобувачів вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Публічне управління та адміністрування» в Україні
Authors: Andreiev S. O. , Lukianov O. P. 
Published: April 2020

Метою статті є висвітлення актуальних проблем правової підготовки здобувачів вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Публічне управління та адміністрування» в Україні (на прикладі першого (бакалаврського) рівня).
Наукова новизна полягає у проведенні аналізу існуючого стану якості правової освіти осіб, які навчаються в українських вищих навчальних закладах за вказаною спеціальністю. Аналіз здійснювався шляхом дослідження п’ятнадцяти освітньо-професійних програм «Публічне управління та адміністрування» на предмет наявності навчальних дисциплін правового спрямування у складі обов’язкових компонент цих програм. Аналізувався також стандарт вищої освіти за спеціальністю «Публічне управління та адміністрування» для першого (бакалаврського) рівня, затверджений у 2018 році Міністерством освіти і науки України. Встановлено, що наведений у досліджуваному освітньому стандарті перелік спеціальних (фахових) компетентностей випускників є недостатнім, що послугувало підставою для обґрунтування конкретних пропозицій стосовно його доповнення низкою додаткових компетентностей правового характеру.
Головний висновок, сформульований за результатами дослідження, полягає в тому, що, на відміну від колишніх спеціальностей галузі знань «Державне управління», з моменту започаткування в Україні у 2015 році спеціальності «Публічне управління та адміністрування» істотно зменшився обсяг та змінився характер правової підготовки здобувачів вищої освіти за спеціальністю 281 ПУА, розмита її концептуальна державно-управлінська основа, що цілком прогнозовано призведе до зниження рівня правової компетентності випускників цієї спеціальності. Для підвищення ефективності правової освіти студентів спеціальності «Публічне управління та адміністрування» запропоновано внести доповнення у відповідний стандарт вищої освіти шляхом наведення понять «публічне управління та адміністрування», «сфера публічного управління та адміністрування», а також включення в нього низки спеціальних (фахових, предметних) компетентностей правового спрямування.
PERBEDAAN KUALITAS TANAMAN MINT (Mentha spicata L) HIDROPONIK DAN KONVENSIONAL BERDASARKAN MORFOLOGI TANAMAN, PROFIL KROMATOGRAM, DAN KADAR MINYAK ATSIRI
Authors: Pratiwi Pramita Yuli , Mardiyaningsih Ana , Widarti Emi 
Published: April 2020

Mint is one of the essential oil-producing plants. Essential oils of Mentha spicata L or spearmint are widely used as raw materials in the food, beverage and pharmaceutical preparations industries. The main components of spearmint are karvon, limonen, cineol, dihydrocarvol, myrcene, and 0.5% menthol. The components contained in spearmint have properties as herbal remedies. Plant cultivation greatly determined the results of standardized drug ingredients. Cultivation with the right planting system can affect the quality of simplicia. This research were a descriptive study to differentiate the quality of plants. This study aimed to determine differences in plant morphology, chromatogram profile and levels of spearmint essential oil between hydroponic and conventional planting systems. Observation of plant morphology includes the size, color of the stem and leaves. Essential oil content is calculated from refined oil by steam and water distillation method. Spearmint oil was analyzed on thin layer chromatography methode using the silica gel F254 as a stationary phase and hexane-ethyl acetate (8: 2) as a mobile phase, with spot visualization under UV254 and anisaldehyde-H2SO4 . The results showed that the morphology of Mentha spicata L with hydrophonic planting systems had a bigger size in stem and leaves, but the leaves had more bright green than a conventional plant. The chromatogram profile did not show differences in the number of spots and Rf. Mentha spicata L with conventional planting systems had a sharper intensity of color on one of the volatile oil spot, and suggested due to menthol. The levels volatile oil of Mentha spicata L hydroponic and conventional were determined as 0.0326% and 0.0323% . The Independent T-test analysis showed that there were not a significant differences.