bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salpingectomy at the Time of Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Roeckner Jared T. , Sawangkum Peeraya , Sanchez-Ramos Luis , Duncan Jose R. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE:
To compare the differences in operative time and surgical outcomes between salpingectomy and standard tubal interruption at the time of cesarean delivery.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception until July 2019 for articles reporting outcomes for women undergoing salpingectomy during cesarean delivery compared with women undergoing standard sterilization methods.

METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION:
Studies were selected if they included the main outcome of operative time or additional outcomes, which included infection, transfusion, readmission, change in hematocrit, and estimated blood loss. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment scale or Cochrane Handbook were used to assess quality of cohort and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), respectively. A random-effects model was employed to calculate pooled relative risk or weighted mean difference for each outcome with their 95% CI. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic, and L'Abbé plots were inspected visually to assess for homogeneity.

TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS:
We identified 11 studies comprising 320,443 women undergoing total salpingectomy or standard sterilization methods at the time of cesarean delivery. Three RCTs and eight retrospective cohort studies were investigated separately by meta-analysis. When compared with standard sterilization methods, total operative time for patients receiving salpingectomy was significantly longer (6.3 minutes, 95% CI 3.5–9.1, seven studies, 7,303 patients) for cohort studies. With the three RCTs of 163 patients, total operative time was not significantly increased in women receiving salpingectomy (8.1 minutes, 95% CI −4.4 to 20.7). The salpingectomy group did not have an increased risk of wound infection, transfusion, readmission, reoperation, internal organ damage, blood loss, change in hemoglobin, or length of stay when compared with standard sterilization methods.

CONCLUSION:
Salpingectomy at the time of cesarean delivery was associated with a small increase in operative time; however, it was not associated with an increased rate of surgical complications. This option should be considered for patients desiring sterilization during cesarean delivery.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION:
PROSPERO, CRD42019145247.
Feasibility of Proxy-Reported EQ-5D-3L-Y and Its Agreement in Self-reported EQ-5D-3L-Y for Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Lin Jiaer , Wong Carlos King Ho , Cheung Prudence Wing Hang , Luo Nan , Cheung Jason Pui Yin 
Published: February 2020

Study Design.
Prospective cohort study.

Objective.
To compare feasibility of self-reported and proxy-reported youth version of EuroQoL Five-Dimension Three-Level Questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L-Y), to estimate the agreement of health outcome between patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and their proxies, and to examine factors that may affect patient-proxy agreement.

Summary of Background Data.
The EQ-5D-3L-Y questionnaire has both self-reported and proxy-reported versions. Despite previous studies have indicated that proxies tended to respond with higher or lower levels of severity in specific dimensions than patients report, the level of agreement between children with AIS and their proxies remained unknown.

Methods.
A consecutive sample of patients with AIS and their caregivers were recruited. Feasibility was tested according to the proportion of missing responses. Agreements between self-report and proxy EQ-5D-3L-Y were evaluated using percentage agreement, Gwet agreement coefficients and the intraclass correlation coefficients. Linear regressions and logistic regressions were conducted to assess the factors associated with the agreement in health outcome between self-reported and proxy-reported EQ-5D-3L-Y.

Results.
A total of 130 patient-proxy pairs were involved in the study. Agreement of EQ-5D-3L-Y responses between the self-report and proxy version was good for “Feeling worried/sad/unhappy” dimension, and very good for other dimensions. Poor agreement in visual analog scale score was observed between patient and proxy versions. Proxy's education level, patient's curvature type, and treatment modality were the significant determinants of the agreement in “Mobility,” “usual activities,” and “pain/discomfort” dimension, respectively.

Conclusion.
Proxy-reported EQ-5D-3L-Y demonstrates good feasibility and satisfactory agreement with patient version. Proxy's education appears to have positive influence in agreement between patient-proxy dyads.

Level of Evidence: 2
Efficacy of a Standalone Microporous Ceramic Versus Autograft in Instrumented Posterolateral Spinal Fusion
Authors: Lehr A. Mechteld , Oner F. Cumhur , Delawi Diyar , Stellato Rebecca K. , Hoebink Eric A. , Kempen Diederik H.R. , van Susante Job L.C. , Castelein René M. , Kruyt Moyo C. 
Published: February 2020

Study Design.
in the rest of the article written as patient- and observer-blinded, multicenter, randomized, intrapatient controlled, noninferiority trial.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to determine noninferiority of a biphasic calcium-phosphate (AttraX® Putty) as a bone graft substitute for autograft in instrumented posterolateral fusion (PLF).

Summary of Background Data.
Spinal fusion with autologous bone graft is a frequently performed surgical treatment. Several drawbacks of autografting have driven the development of numerous alternatives including synthetic ceramics. However, clinical evidence for the standalone use of these materials is limited.

Methods.
This study included 100 nontraumatic adults who underwent a primary, single- or multilevel, thoracolumbar, instrumented PLF. After instrumentation and preparation for grafting, the randomized allocation side of AttraX® Putty was disclosed. Autograft was applied to the contralateral side of the fusion trajectory, so each patient served as his/her own control. For the primary efficacy outcome, PLF was assessed at 1-year follow-up on computed tomography scans. Each segment and side was scored as fused, doubtful fusion, or nonunion. After correction for multilevel fusions, resulting in a single score per side, the fusion performance of AttraX® Putty was tested with a noninferiority margin of 15% using a 90% confidence interval (CI).

Results.
There were 49 males and 51 females with a mean age of 55.4 ± 12.0 (range 27–79) years. Two-third of the patients underwent a single-level fusion and 62% an additional interbody fusion procedure. The primary analysis was based on 87 patients, including 146 instrumented segments. The fusion rate of AttraX® Putty was 55% versus 52% at the autograft side, with an overall fusion rate of 71%. The 90% CI around the difference in fusion performance excluded the noninferiority margin (difference = 2.3%, 90% CI = −9.1% to +13.7%).

Conclusion.
The results of this noninferiority trial support the use of AttraX® Putty as a standalone bone graft substitute for autograft in instrumented thoracolumbar PLF.

Level of Evidence: 1
Asymptomatic ACDF Nonunions Underestimate the True Prevalence of Radiographic Pseudarthrosis
Authors: Crawford Charles H. , Carreon Leah Y. , Mummaneni Praveen , Dryer Randall F. , Glassman Steven D. 
Published: February 2020

Study Design.
Secondary analysis of subjects in the control anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) arm of Medtronic Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) trials for cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA).

Objectives.
To compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with radiographic nonunion to patients with a solid fusion.

Summary of Background Data.
The true prevalence of nonunion after ACDF is unknown. Nonunion may be under-reported, as some patients are not symptomatic enough to justify radiographic evaluation.

Methods.
Three hundred forty-five subjects enrolled in the control arm of IDE trials for CDA who had single-level ACDF with allograft and plate with 24 month data formed the study cohort. Using the 24-month postop evaluation, subjects were divided into those who had radiographic fusion and those who did not using strict study criteria. SF-36, NDI, Neck and Arm pain NRS scores were reported at 12, 24, 36, 60, and 84 months postop. For subjects who had secondary surgery failures, the last observations before the secondary surgery were carried forward to future visits for the analysis.

Results.
Forty-four (13%) patients had radiographic nonunion and 301 (87%) were fused at 24 months postop. At 24 months, PROs were similar between the two groups. Seven patients in the Nonunion group (16%) and 10 (3%) in the Fused group had additional surgery at the index level prior to the 24 follow-up (P = 0.003). Over the 84-month follow-up a total of 9 patients in the Nonunion group (21%) and 22 (7%) in the Fused group had additional surgery at the index level (P = 0.009).

Conclusion.
While the radiographic nonunion rate at 24 months was 13%, PROs show that many of the radiographic nonunions were asymptomatic. Although the majority of patients with radiographic nonunion did not undergo additional surgery, the rate of secondary surgeries at the index level was significantly higher in the radiographic nonunion group.

Level of Evidence: 2
Case–Control Study on the Interaction Effects of rs10757278 Polymorphisms at 9p21 Locus and Traditional Risk Factors on Coronary Heart Disease in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Lu Wu-Hong , Zhang Wen-Qian , Zhao Yun-Juan , Gao Ya-Ting , Tao Ning , Ma Yi-Tong , Liu Ji-Wen , Wulasihan Muhuyati 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
To study the interaction effects of rs10757278 polymorphisms at 9p21 locus and traditional risk factors on coronary heart disease (CHD) in Xinjiang, China.

Methods:
This case–control study consecutively enrolled 310 unrelated consecutive CHD patients aged 18–70 years old. All study participants were recruited between January and December 2017 from The Heart Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. CHD patients were confirmed by coronary angiography (≥50% diameter stenosis in at least one of the major coronary arteries) according to the American Heart Association criteria for the confirmation of CHD. Healthy subjects were randomly selected from the occupational population, who received physical examination in our hospital and matched to cases on the basis of age (±3 years) and sex, those without medical history of cardiovascular diseases, and 536 subjects were selected as the control group after medical history inquiry, physical examination, cardiac ultrasound, electrocardiogram, and other blood biochemical examinations in the hospital. The occupational stress was evaluated by an effort-reward imbalance questionnaire. An epidemiological survey was conducted to collect clinical data. Chi-squared test, analysis of variance, and binary logistic regression analysis were adopted.

Results:
Both the case and the control groups showed significant difference in smoking, drinking, physical activity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, family history of CHD, and body mass index (BMI) (all P < 0.05); prevalence of CHD was not related to occupational stress. There was no significant difference in occupational stress level between the 2 groups (P > 0.05); Differences in rs10757278 genotype between the case group and the control groups were statistically significant; binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors of CHD. After adjustment for age and sex, significant increased risk effects for CHD were found to be associated with smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 2.311; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04–2.499; P < 0.001], physical exercise (OR = 1.365; 95% CI: 1.137–1.639; P < 0.001), hypertension (OR = 4.627; 95% CI: 2.165–10.764; P < 0.001), family history of CHD (OR = 4.103; 95% CI: 3.169–6.892; P < 0.001), BMI (OR = 2.484; 95% CI: 2.036–3.03; P < 0.001), and GG genotype at rs10757278 (OR = 1.978; 95% CI: 1.413–2.769; P < 0.001); We noted that a significant interaction association between GG genotype at rs10757278 and CHD differs across categories of smoking, hypertension, family history of CHD, and BMI.

Conclusion:
GG genotype at rs10757278 may be a risk factor for CHD. And there are interaction effects between GG genotype of rs10757278 in region 9p21 gene and traditional risk factors.
Quantification of 3-Hydroxypropyl Mercapturic Acid in the Urine of Patients with Breast Cancer to Monitor Cyclophosphamide Toxicity
Authors: Harahap Yahdiana , Yanuar Arry , Muhammad Cyril , Melhan Madeline , Purwanto Denni Joko 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The alkylating agent cyclophosphamide is used in chemotherapy regimens for various type of cancer. However, cyclophosphamide may lead to toxic side effects on the bladder, namely hemorrhagic cystitis, which can cause hematuria, and, potentially, bladder cancer. These effects are caused by acrolein, a byproduct of cyclophosphamide metabolism. In this study, a method to quantify 3-hydroxypropyl mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) in urine was developed. 3-HPMA is a stable metabolite of acrolein that serves as biomarker of acrolein.

Methods:
Urine samples were collected 4 hours after cyclophosphamide administration and analyzed to determine the risk of hematuria. 3-HPMA was analyzed by reverse-phase LC-MS/MS using a triple quadrupole electrospray ionization mass spectrometer in the positive-ion mode. The mobile phase was a 90:10 (vol/vol) mixture of 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. Multiple reaction monitoring mode was used, with m/z 222.10 → 90.97 for 3-HPMA and 164.10 → 122.02 for the internal standard N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). Samples were prepared by acidification and dilution.

Results:
The analytical method produced a linear response within the concentration range of 40–10,000 ng/mL. The method was validated in accordance with 2018 FDA guidelines and applied to quantify 3-HPMA in the urine of 40 patients with breast cancer. The measured concentrations ranged from 820.3 to 5596.1 ng/mg creatinine. Seven patients identified with hematuria had low 3-HPMA concentrations of 4445.824 ± 411.17 ng/mg creatinine, and 33 patients without hematuria had low 3-HPMA concentrations of 2419.4 ± 1171.8 ng/mg creatinine.

Conclusions:
The method was applicable for the quantification of 3-HPMA in human urine. Large variations in 3-HPMA concentrations were found in 40 patients with breast cancer treated with cyclophosphamide, with a significant difference (P < 0.05) observed between patients with hematuria and those without hematuria.
Patient-specific instruments in the treatment of ilium intraosseous lipoma: a case report
Authors: Wang Yin , Wang XingBo , Song JianMin 
Published: February 2020

Introduction:
Intraosseous lipoma is one of the rarest primary bone tumors, the most commonly involved site are the calcaneus and the metaphysis of long bone. This study reports a very rare symptomatic intraosseous lipoma of the ilium. First, we performed a pathologic examination and found an intraosseous lipoma. Then, we made a 3-dimensional model of the pelvis and a patient-specific instruments (PSIs). We removed the tumor on the basis of PSIs. The tumor was precisely excised.

Conclusions:
Surgical treatment is recommended for symptomatic intraosseous lipomas. PSIs technology can be used for better preoperative planning, providing a new method for individualized treatment of patients with bone tumors.
Foot Salvage with Selective Arterialization of Pedal Venosomes
Authors: Effendi Maleeh , Ha Austin Y. , Felder John M. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Lower extremity salvage using microvascular flaps can be considered in high-functioning patients, but indications for salvage are often restricted by distal microvascular disease that may threaten the foot as a whole. Selective arterialization of specific pedal venosomes is a novel potential solution to this problem.

Methods:
A 48-year-old man with a chronic left plantar forefoot wound, osteomyelitis of the second and third metatarsal heads, and critical limb ischemia was evaluated for foot salvage. Despite a patent popliteal to posterior tibial bypass graft, residual ischemia was present in the first and second toes due to severe microvascular disease. This wound was reconstructed with a free partial medial rectus abdominis flow-through flap based on the medial branch of the deep inferior epigastric artery. The lateral branch was used as a flow-through vessel to arterialize the dorsal veins of the first webspace.

Results:
Arterialization of the first webspace veins resulted in an immediate intraoperative improvement of the color of the first and second toes, along with creation of an arterial Doppler signal. The flap effectively covered the wound. The patient went on to heal completely and return to unrestricted ambulation. Transcutaneous oxygen measurement values of the dorsal foot improved from 35.8 mm Hg preoperatively to 48.3 mm Hg postoperatively.

Conclusions:
In patients with focal areas of critical ischemia, selective arterialization of the venous system may be an effective method of preventing tissue loss and improving wound healing. A flow-through flap can be used to accomplish this in tandem with wound reconstruction.
Comparative Severity of Influenza A and B Infections in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Mattila Janna-Maija , Vuorinen Tytti , Heikkinen Terho 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Influenza A viruses are conventionally thought to cause more severe illnesses than B viruses, but few studies with long observation periods have compared the clinical severity of A and B infections in hospitalized children.

Methods:
We analyzed the clinical presentation, outcomes and management of all children <16 years of age admitted to Turku University Hospital, Finland, with virologically confirmed influenza A or B infection during the 14-year period of 1 July 2004 to 30 June 2018. All comparisons between influenza A and B were performed both within predefined age groups (0–2, 3–9 and 10–15 years) and in all age groups combined.

Results:
Among 391 children hospitalized with influenza A or B infection, influenza A was diagnosed in 279 (71.4%) and influenza B in 112 (28.6%) children. Overall, there were no significant differences in any clinical features or outcomes, management, treatment at intensive care unit or length of stay between children with influenza A and B, whether analyzed by age group or among all children. As indicators of the most severe clinical presentations, blood cultures were obtained from 101 (36.2%) children with influenza A and 39 (34.8%) with influenza B (P = 0.80), and lumbar puncture was performed to 16 (5.7%) children with influenza A and 11 (9.8%) children with influenza B (P = 0.15).

Conclusions:
The clinical severity of influenza A and B infections is similar in children. For optimal protection against severe influenza illnesses, the use of quadrivalent vaccines containing both lineages of B viruses seems warranted in children.
Assessment of the Urinary Microbiome in Children Younger Than 48 Months
Authors: Kinneman Lauren , Zhu Wei , Wong Wendy S.W. , Clemency Nicole , Provenzano Marina , Vilboux Thierry , Jane’t Keary , Seo-Mayer Patricia , Levorson Rebecca , Kou Maybelle , Ascher David , Niederhuber John E. , Hourigan Suchitra K. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The urinary tract was once thought to be sterile, and little is known about the urinary microbiome in children. This study aimed to examine the urinary microbiome of young children across demographic and clinical factors.

Methods:
Children <48 months, undergoing a urinary catheterization for clinical purposes in the Pediatric Emergency Department were recruited and urine samples collected. Detailed demographic and clinical information were recorded. Urine samples underwent DNA extraction and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, urinalysis and urine culture.

Results:
Eighty-five children were included; a urinary microbiome was identified in every child. Nine children had Escherichia coli urinary tract infections (UTIs) identified. Those with UTIs had a significantly decreased alpha diversity (t test, P < 0.001) and the composition of the microbiome clustered separately (P = 0.001) compared with those without UTIs.

Conclusions:
A urinary microbiome was identified in every child, even neonates. Differences in microbiome diversity and composition were observed in patients with a standard culture positive UTI. The urinary microbiome has just begun to be explored, and the implications on long-term disease processes deserve further investigation.
Microarray Analysis of Group B Streptococci Causing Invasive Neonatal Early- and Late-onset Infection
Authors: Zürn Katharina , Lander Fabian , Hufnagel Markus , Monecke Stefan , Berner Reinhard 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Group B Streptococcus is the leading cause of meningitis and sepsis in newborns. Until now, there is no data of fast and simple typing of group B Streptococcus virulence factors using a genetic microarray and comparing these data to clinical manifestations.

Methods:
A prospective active surveillance study was conducted via 2 independent and nationwide reporting systems, the German Pediatric Surveillance Unit (ESPED) and the Laboratory Sentinel Group at Robert Koch-Institute. Surveillance was performed between 2001 and 2003 and between 2008 and 2010. Typing of virulence factors, serotypes, pilus islands and alpha-like proteins was done by means of a newly developed microarray method.

Results:
We evaluated 475 isolates of invasive neonatal infections. Predominant virulence factors were serotype III (63%), pilus island 2b and pilus island 1 (50%) and alp rib (64%) (alp - alpha-like protein, rib -resistance to proteases, immunity, group B). There was no significant change over time or geographically within Germany. Serotype III, pilus island 2b + 1 and alp rib showed significant associations with late-onset disease and meningitis, whereas alp 5 had a significant association with early-onset disease. Based on serotypes, pilus islands and alpha-like proteins, it was possible to cluster 86% of all isolates into 5 genetic groups.

Conclusions:
The molecular epidemiology of a large collection of invasive neonatal infections showed similar distributions, as shown in smaller cohorts before. The microarray used proved to be a fast and reliable technique. Using this new tool, we were able to cluster the isolates according to their virulence factors. The clusters showed a better association with clinical data than single virulence factors.
Development of Fertility Preparedness Scale for Women Receiving Fertility Treatment
Authors: FATA Sevcan , ALUŞ TOKAT Merlinda 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Stress has a negative impact on fertility by suppressing the secretion of fertility hormones. Although it is known that stress reduces the probability of conception and affects fertility negatively, scales that are now widely used to evaluate fertility preparedness include negative items. Positive statements are crucial to relieving stress in women. Using positive items in assessments of fertility preparedness in women may help reduce related stress.

Purpose
This study was designed to develop the Fertility Preparedness Scale for women receiving fertility treatments.

Methods
A methodological study was conducted in four fertility clinics between December 2015 and March 2016. Two hundred thirty women who had been diagnosed with primary or secondary infertility were enrolled as participants. A personal information form and the Fertility Preparedness Scale were used to collect data.

Results
The Cronbach's alpha was .84 for the total scale and .76–.79 for the subscales. Factor analysis extracted three subscales that explained 52.93% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis found a goodness of fit index of .80, a comparative fit index of .95, and a nonnormed fit index of .94.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
This scale is valid and reliable for measuring the fertility preparedness of women who receive fertility treatment.