bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PREMHYCE: An operational tool for low-flow forecasting
Authors: Nicolle Pierre , Besson François , Delaigue Olivier , Etchevers Pierre , François Didier , Le Lay Matthieu , Perrin Charles , Rousset Fabienne , Thiéry Dominique , Tilmant François , Magand Claire , Leurent Timothée , Jacob Élise 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In many countries, rivers are the primary supply of
water. A number of uses are concerned (drinking water, irrigation,
hydropower, etc.) and they can be strongly affected by water
shortages. Therefore, there is a need for the early anticipation of low-flow
periods to improve water management. This is strengthened by the perspective
of having more severe summer low flows in the context of climate change.
Several French institutions (Inrae, BRGM, Météo-France, EDF and
Lorraine University) have been collaborating over the last years to develop
an operational tool for low-flow forecasting, called PREMHYCE. It was tested
in real time on 70 catchments in continental France in 2017, and on 48 additional catchments in 2018. PREMHYCE includes five hydrological models:
one uncalibrated physically-based model and four storage-type models of
various complexity, which are calibrated on gauged catchments. The models
assimilate flow observations or implement post-processing techniques.
Low-flow forecasts can be issued up to 90 d ahead, based on ensemble
streamflow prediction (ESP) using historical climatic data as ensembles of
future input scenarios. These climatic data (precipitation, potential
evapotranspiration and temperature) are provided by Météo-France
with the daily gridded SAFRAN reanalysis over the 1958–2017 period, which
includes a wide range of conditions. The tool provides numerical and
graphical outputs, including the forecasted ranges of low flows, and the
probability to be under low-flow warning thresholds provided by the users.
Outputs from the different hydrological models can be combined through a
simple multi-model approach to improve the robustness of forecasts. Results
are illustrated for the Ill River at Didenheim (northeastern France) where
the 2017 low-flow period was particularly severe and for which PREMHYCE
provided useful forecasts.
Variations of Seasonal Precipitation in the Yellow River Basin and Its Relationship to General Circulation and SST
Authors: Liu Jing , Jin Lijun , Huang Changxing , Zhang Lina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Based on the precipitation data from 1961 to 2017 in the Yellow River Basin and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the variation characteristics of seasonal precipitation in the Yellow River Basin and its relationship to the circulation patterns were analyzed. Furthermore, effect of sea surface temperature (SST) on the seasonal precipitation was discussed. The results were as follows: (1) The precipitation in spring, summer and autumn all presented non-significant decreasing trends, while that in winter presented a non-significant upward trend. (2) The inter-annual and inter-decadal fluctuations of the precipitation of each season were evident. The fluctuation in winter was the most obvious, followed by that in spring and autumn, with that in summer most stable. Moreover, the precipitation in summer, autumn and winter in 1990s was the least. (3) When the precipitation in spring, autumn and winter was significantly above (below) normal, the 500 hPa height anomaly field over Eurasia mid-high latitude of the corresponding period presented “positive (negative) in east and negative (positive) in west”. While, when the precipitation in summer was significantly above (below) normal, the height anomaly field presented “+(-), -(+), +(-)”, and the West Pacific subtropical high was stronger (weaker) and lying more northward (southward). Additionally, when the precipitation in each season was significantly above (below) normal, the 850 hPa wind anomalies showed abnormal southerly (northerly) winds in Eastern China, which was favorable (unfavorable) to transport water vapor from the South China Sea and the Western North Pacific to the Yellow River Basin. (4) The spring precipitation was above (below) normal during the period of El Niño (La Niña), while the summer, autumn and winter precipitation presented the opposite characteristics.
The role of history and strength of the oceanic forcing in sea level projections from Antarctica with the Parallel Ice Sheet Model
Authors: Reese Ronja , Levermann Anders , Albrecht Torsten , Seroussi Hélène , Winkelmann Ricarda 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet constitutes the largest uncertainty in projections of future sea level rise.
Ocean-driven melting underneath the floating ice shelves and subsequent acceleration of the inland ice streams are the major reasons for currently observed mass loss from Antarctica and are expected to become more important in the future.
Here we show that for projections of future mass loss from the Antarctic Ice Sheet, it is essential (1) to better constrain the sensitivity of sub-shelf melt rates to ocean warming and (2) to include the historic trajectory of the ice sheet.
In particular, we find that while the ice sheet response in simulations using the Parallel Ice Sheet Model is comparable to the median response of models in three Antarctic Ice Sheet Intercomparison projects – initMIP, LARMIP-2 and ISMIP6 – conducted with a range of ice sheet models, the projected 21st century sea level contribution differs significantly depending on these two factors.
For the highest emission scenario RCP8.5, this leads to projected ice loss ranging from 1.4 to 4.0 cm of sea level equivalent in simulations in which ISMIP6 ocean forcing drives the PICO ocean box model where parameter tuning leads to a comparably low sub-shelf melt sensitivity and in which no surface forcing is applied.
This is opposed to a likely range of 9.1 to 35.8 cm using the exact same initial setup, but emulated from the LARMIP-2 experiments with a higher melt sensitivity, even though both projects use forcing from climate models and melt rates are calibrated with previous oceanographic studies.
Furthermore, using two initial states, one with a previous historic simulation from 1850 to 2014 and one starting from a steady state, we show that while differences between the ice sheet configurations in 2015 seem marginal at first sight, the historic simulation increases the susceptibility of the ice sheet to ocean warming, thereby increasing mass loss from 2015 to 2100 by 5 % to 50 %.
Hindcasting past ice sheet changes with numerical models would thus provide valuable tools to better constrain projections.
Our results emphasize that the uncertainty that arises from the forcing is of the same order of magnitude as the ice dynamic response for future sea level projections.
US East Coast synthetic aperture radar wind atlas for offshore wind energy
Authors: Ahsbahs Tobias , Maclaurin Galen , Draxl Caroline , Jackson Christopher R. , Monaldo Frank , Badger Merete 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We present the first synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offshore wind atlas of
the US East Coast from Georgia to the Canadian border. Images from
RADARSAT-1, Envisat, and Sentinel-1A/B are processed to wind maps using the
geophysical model function (GMF) CMOD5.N. Extensive comparisons with 6008 collocated buoy observations of the wind speed reveal that biases of the individual systems range from −0.8 to 0.6 m s−1. Unbiased wind retrievals are crucial for producing an accurate wind atlas, and intercalibration of the SAR observations is therefore applied. Wind retrievals from the intercalibrated SAR observations show biases in the range of to −0.2 to 0.0 m s−1, while at the same time improving the root-mean-squared error from 1.67 to 1.46 m s−1. The intercalibrated SAR observations are, for the first time, aggregated to
create a wind atlas at the height 10 m a.s.l. (above sea level). The SAR wind atlas is used as a reference to study wind resources derived from the Wind Integration National Dataset Toolkit (WTK), which is based on 7 years of modelling output from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Comparisons focus on the spatial variation in wind resources and show that model outputs lead to lower coastal wind speed gradients than those derived from SAR. Areas designated for offshore wind development by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management are investigated in more detail; the wind resources in terms of the mean wind speed show spatial variations within each designated area between 0.3 and 0.5 m s−1 for SAR and less than 0.2 m s−1 for the WTK. Our findings indicate that wind speed gradients and variations might be underestimated in mesoscale model outputs along the US East Coast.
Imitação e Inovação na Moda: Mapeando o Processo Criativo no Segmento de "Modinha" em uma Feira Regional
Authors: Calíope Thalita Silva , Da Silva Filho José Carlos Lázaro 
Published: September 2020

Fashion is recognized by transience, resulting in its short life cycle, since the constant changes make what was previously considered "fashionable" obsolete (Emidio Sabione, 2010). In this market, innovate and act before competitors, accelerate the launch of products, reduce design time and the placement of new items on the market is a survival condition (Lipovetsky, 2007). A central factor in the fashion spread is imitation, as this promotes both innovation and obsolescence, forcing producers to set up periodically (Caulkins et al., 2007, Pesendorfer, 1995). The research object is the "modinha", women's clothing that follows media trends, is the copying, with or without changes, to the mass market (Avelar, 2009; Victor, 2007), in this study, "José Avelino Street Fair". This fair meets weekly hundreds of manufacturers in a metropolis of northeastern Brazil that has been established as a fashion hub. Thus, it was proposed to identify the process of innovation in companies that make “modinha” in this Fair. The research was conducted through a survey and data were obtained from a questionnaire administered with 78 stallholders. One descriptive and exploratory data analysis was performed. It was found that, contrary to expectation, a considerable formality, with 49 of the 78 respondents with CNPJ; its customers are small retailers; and their competitors are the stallholders. Regarding the creation of clothes models, the stallholders research in various sources and said imitating models from these sources, but they try to make changes.
In the Beginning
Authors: Kelly John E. , Brown James A. 
Published: September 2020

This presentation highlights the nucleation of St. Louis’s ancient indigenous population into a place we refer to as Cahokia mounds. Important to its creation are not only understanding the nature of internal dynamics within the region but also the external relations between both places and other peoples. This allows us to address not only the broader context of Cahokia’s creation as an urban center and its subsequent urbanism but also the rapid nature of change throughout its history.
Barthes and Insignificant Music
Authors: Noudelmann François 
Published: September 2020

Barthes kept music separate from semiology, refusing to regard sounds as signs. By analysing music from the perspective of his body, he made audible its discreet phenomenologies. Many experiences, mental, psychic, and corporal, are at stake in performing and listening to music, and they played a subtle role in Barthes's thought. His listening and his musical practice led him to favour a relationship to his piano that permitted an imaginary appropriation and erotic play. Musical pulsation develops an intimate resistance to the law, one that combines repetition and perversion. Barthes highlights obsessive rhythms such as accents, syncopations, and off-beat rhythms. His writings on music, alluding to the language of the solitary body, emphasise erections and back-and-forth movements. He frequently over-interprets the performative indications on musical scores, such as the rubato or fingering, choosing to hear in them the sexual power of desire which leads the pianist towards a disseminated jouissance. By recording himself playing the piano, he extends this pleasure to enjoyment of his own rhythm as in an onanistic practice. From a theoretical perspective, musical practice allowed Barthes to bid his farewell to semiology and to maintain a subjective resistance, both philosophical and psychological, to social language.
Comparable behaviour of ring and little fingers due to an artificial reduction in thumb contribution to hold objects
Authors: Rajakumar Banuvathy , SKM Varadhan 
Published: September 2020

Background
The human hand plays a crucial role in accomplishing activities of daily living. The contribution of each finger in the human hand is remarkably unique in establishing object stabilization. According to the mechanical advantage hypothesis, the little finger tends to exert a greater normal force than the ring finger during a supination moment production task to stabilize the object. Similarly, during pronation, the index finger produces more normal force when compared with the middle finger. Hence, the central nervous system employs the peripheral fingers for torque generation to establish the equilibrium as they have a mechanical advantage of longer moment arms for normal force. In our study, we tested whether the mechanical advantage hypothesis is supported in a task in which the contribution of thumb was artificially reduced. We also computed the safety margin of the individual fingers and thumb.

Methodology
Fifteen participants used five-finger prismatic precision grip to hold a custom-built handle with a vertical railing on the thumb side. A slider platform was placed on the railing such that the thumb sensor could move either up or down. There were two experimental conditions. In the “Fixed” condition, the slider was mechanically fixed, and hence the thumb sensor could not move. In the “Free” condition, the slider platform on which the thumb sensor was placed could freely move. In both conditions, the instruction was to grasp and hold the handle (and the platform) in static equilibrium. We recorded tangential and normal forces of all the fingers.

Results
The distribution of fingertip forces and moments changed depending on whether the thumb platform was movable (or not). In the free condition, the drop in the tangential force of thumb was counteracted by an increase in the normal force of the ring and little finger. Critically, the normal forces of the ring and little finger were statistically equivalent. The safety margin of the index and middle finger did not show a significant drop in the free condition when compared to fixed condition.

Conclusion
We conclude that our results does not support the mechanical advantage hypothesis at least for the specific mechanical task considered in our study. In the free condition, the normal force of little finger was comparable to the normal force of the ring finger. Also, the safety margin of the thumb and ring finger increased to prevent slipping of the thumb platform and to maintain the handle in static equilibrium during the free condition. However, the rise in the safety margin of the ring finger was not compensated by a drop in the safety margin of the index and middle finger.
Rho‐associated protein kinase‐dependent moesin phosphorylation is required for PD‐L1 stabilization in breast cancer
Authors: Meng Fanbiao , Su Yang , Xu Bo 
Published: September 2020

Expression of programmed cell death ligand (PD‐L1) is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Understanding the regulation of PD‐L1 expression in breast cancer could provide a new strategy for breast cancer treatment. Here, we demonstrate that moesin (MSN) phosphorylation by Rho‐associated protein kinase (ROCK) stabilizes PD‐L1 protein levels. Our results indicate that phosphorylated MSN may compete with the E3 ubiquitin ligase SPOP for binding PD‐L1. ROCK inhibition via the Y‐27632 inhibitor or MSN silencing decreased PD‐L1 expression, resulting in T‐cell activation both in vitro and in vivo. Administration of Y‐27632 into immunocompetent Balb/c mice bearing breast tumors suppressed tumor progression and enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T‐cell infiltration. RNA‐seq analysis of Y‐27632‐treated mouse tumors revealed that ROCK inhibition upregulated several immune response genes. However, the combination of Y‐27632 and an anti‐PD‐1 antibody did not show additive or synergistic effects due to reduced PD‐L1 in the presence of Y‐27632. Our study unravels a previously unappreciated mechanism of PD‐L1 regulation through the ROCK‐MSN pathway. Moreover, we found that ROCK inhibitors could be combined with breast cancer immunotherapy.
Single‐Molecule Fluorescence Imaging Techniques
Authors: Morten Michael J. , Reid Dylan A. , Rothenberg Eli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe past decade has been witnessed to exciting developments in advanced fluorescence microscopy techniques that rely on visualizing single emitting fluorophores. The proliferation of single‐molecule fluorescent imaging techniques and their application in biological research have the potential to revolutionize how research is performed and greatly increase our understanding of biological systems. Presently, these techniques are still relatively niche owing to technological barriers, but it is foreseeable that they will become an increasingly common way in which insights are sought in biology. Here, we review the basic principles of key single‐molecule techniques and their recent biological applications.
Photoactivated Nanosheets Accelerate Nucleus Access of Cisplatin for Drug‐Resistant Cancer Therapy
Authors: Gao Fang , Yang Xue , Luo Xinping , Xue Xuling , Qian Chenggen , Sun Minjie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a primary threat to human health. Cisplatin is always in first‐line treatment of NSCLC; however, cisplatin resistance restricts the application in the clinic. Herein, an innovative 2D platinum delivery platform based on manganese dioxide nanosheet is presented to overcome cisplatin‐resistance and enhance theranostic efficacy in NSCLC. The photo‐induced hyperthermia of nanosheets can inhibit Pt drug efflux from the multidrug resistance‐associated protein (MRP1) repression. Then the intracellular l‐Glutathione (GSH) consumed by MnO2 nanosheets can reduce the generation of GSH‐Pt complex. Working along both lines accelerates access to the nucleus for cisplatin. Moreover, chemo‐photothermal synergistic therapy of Pt nanosheets significantly enhances therapeutic efficacy in vitro and in vivo. In addition, nanosheets can exert an on‐demand activable magnetic resonance imaging contrast effect to monitor Pt drug release. For the first time, a promising photoactivated 2D vector is provided to overcome cisplatin resistance in NSCLC therapy.
Controlled Nucleation and Stabilization of Ferroelectric Domain Wall Patterns in Epitaxial (110) Bismuth Ferrite Heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Tan Yueze , Sando Daniel , Chen Long‐Qing , Valanoor Nagarajan , Zhu Yimei , Han Myung‐Geun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFerroelectric domain walls, topological entities separating domains of uniform polarization, are promising candidates as active elements for nanoscale memories. In such applications, controlled nucleation and stabilization of domain walls are critical. Here, using in situ transmission electron microscopy and phase‐field simulations, a controlled nucleation of vertically oriented 109° domain walls in (110)‐oriented BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films is reported. In the switching experiment, reversed domains that are nucleated preferentially at the nanoscale edges of the “crest and sag” pattern‐like electrode under external bias subsequently grow into a stable stripe configuration. In addition, when triangular pockets (with an in‐plane polarization component) are present, these domain walls are pinned to form stable flux‐closure domains. Phase field simulations show that i) field enhancement at the edges of the electrode causes site‐specific domain nucleation, and ii) the local electrostatics at the domain walls drives the formation of flux closure domains, thus stabilizing the striped pattern, irrespective of the initial configuration. The results demonstrate how flux closure pinning can be exploited in conjunction with electrode patterning and substrate orientation to achieve a desired topological defect configuration. These insights constitute critical advancements in exploiting domain walls in next generation ferroelectronic devices.
An Orally Administered CeO2@Montmorillonite Nanozyme Targets Inflammation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy
Authors: Zhao Sheng , Li Yixuan , Liu Quanyi , Li Sirong , Cheng Yuan , Cheng Chaoqun , Sun Ziying , Du Yan , Butch Christopher J. , Wei Hui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSafe, effective, and convenient administration of therapeutic nanomaterials is one of the greatest difficulties in nanomedicine. To tackle this challenge, a system which couples multi‐enzyme mimicking CeO2 nanoparticles with clinically approved montmorillonite (MMT) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy is reported. CeO2 exhibits superoxide dismutase‐ and catalase‐like activities, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, making it more efficient at scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) than non‐catalytic antioxidants while being more stable than free enzymes. In addition, negatively‐charged MMT can be orally administered and specifically adsorbed onto positively‐charged inflamed colon tissue via electrostatic interactions for targeted delivery. When the two are assembled together by in situ growth of CeO2 onto MMT, the optimized CeO2@MMT(1:9) is stable in the stomach for oral delivery, targets the inflamed colon through electrostatic interactions, and reduces inflammation through ROS scavenging, all without any significant systemic exposure as demonstrated by the relief of murine IBD in vivo.
Bifunctional Cx43 Mimic Peptide Grafted Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels Inhibited Tumor Recurrence and Stimulated Wound Healing for Postsurgical Tumor Treatment
Authors: He Dan , Li Haiyan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTumor recurrence and delayed wound healing after tumor excision pose great threats to patients. Bifunctional composite biomaterials prepared by simply mixing one component for inhibiting tumor recurrence and another component for enhancing wound healing usually ignores the physico‐chemical property integration of the two components. In this study, a bifunctional Cx43 mimic peptide, juxtamembrane 2 (JM2), is synthesized and grafted to hyaluronic acid (HA) to generate a homogeneous bifunctional injectable hydrogel system (HA‐JM2) for simultaneously inhibiting tumor recurrence and enhancing wound healing. Results demonstrate that JM2 can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells in vitro, thereby effectively inhibiting tumor growth in vivo. In addition, JM2 can recruit repairing cells into the wound site and control the ATP release from these cells, which creates a favorable inflammatory microenvironment for tissue regeneration. As the HA‐JM2 hydrogel can sustainably release JM2 to control host inflammation responses and stimulate angiogenesis, it can accelerate the wound healing in full‐thickness skin defects. When the HA‐JM2 hydrogel is applied to incompletely excisional tumor defects, it simultaneously shows inhibitory effects on tumor recurrence and stimulatory effects on skin wound healing. Taken together, the bifunctional HA‐JM2 injectable hydrogel has great application potential for postsurgical tumor treatment.