bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-course neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy with versus without a concomitant boost in locally advanced rectal cancer: a randomized, multicenter, phase II trial (FDRT-002)
Authors: Wang Jingwen , Guan Yun , Gu Weilie , Yan Senxiang , Zhou Juying , Huang Dan , Tong Tong , Li Chao , Cai Sanjun , Zhang Zhen , Zhu Ji 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
This study was designed to explore whether an intensified chemoradiotherapy (CRT) led to a better clinical outcome in locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods
Patients with stage II/III rectal cancer were randomly allocated to receive either pelvic intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of 50 Gy/25Fx concurrently with capecitabine and oxaliplatin (Arm A), or pelvic radiation of 50 Gy/25Fx with a concomitant boost of 5 Gy to the primary lesion, followed by a cycle of XELOX 2 weeks after the end of CRT (Arm B). All patients were planned to receive a definitive operation 8 weeks after the completion of CRT and a total of six perioperative chemotherapy cycles of capecitabine and oxaliplatin regardless of pathological result. Pathological complete response (ypCR) was the primary endpoint.

Results
From February 2010 to December 2011, 120 patients from three centers were enrolled in this study. Ninety-five percent patients completed a full-dose chemoradiotherapy as planning. Then 53 and 57 patients received a radical surgery, and 8 and 14 cases were confirmed as ypCR in two groups (P = 0.157). The other 10 patients failed to receive a definitive resection because of unresectable disease. Similar toxicities were observed between two groups and more incision healing delay were found in Arm B (3 vs.13, P = 0.011). No statistical differences were observed in local-regional control (P = 0.856), disease-free survival (P = 0.349) and overall survival (P = 0.553). Mesorectal fascia (MRF) involvement was an independent prognostic factor for survival in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions
A concomitant boost to oxalipatin-combined preoperative chemoradiotherapy demonstrated a slightly higher pCR rate but delayed incision healing after surgery. The impact of MRF involvement on survival merits further investigations.

Trial registration
NCT01064999 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
The serum level of D-Dimer is not suitable for distinguishing between prosthetic joint infection and aseptic loosening
Authors: Huang Jincheng , Zhang Yongchao , Wang Zhen , Dong Yonghui , Zhao Yongqiang , Zheng Jia , Lian Hongkai , Jin Yi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the meaning of serum CRP, ESR, and D-Dimer in the diagnosis of prosthetic joint infection.MethodsIn a retrospective study, 101 patients presented with osteoarthritis, PJI, and aseptic loosening were divided into three groups according to the type of operation they received in our department from June 2016 to December 2018: group A, 44 patients treated with primary arthroplasty; group B, 31 PJI patients treated with resection arthroplasty and spacer insertion surgery; group C, 26 aseptic loosening patients treated with revision arthroplasty. Data such as gender, age, preoperative serum CRP, ESR, and D-Dimer level were compared among the three different groups.ResultsThere are no statistically significant differences when comparing general data such as gender and age in patients from the three different groups. However, Serum CRP level in group B (43.49 ± 10.00 mg/L) is significantly higher than in group A (2.97 ± 0.75 mg/L) and C (4.80 ± 1.26 mg/L). Serum ESR level in group B (49.84 ± 5.48 μg/L) is significantly higher than those in group A (15.28 ± 2.63 μg/L) and C (22.50 ± 3.47 μg/L). Serum D-Dimer level in group B (1.58 ± 0.17 μg/L) is significantly higher than that in group A (0.51 ± 0.50 μg/L), but similar with group C (1.22 ± 0.29 μg/L). There are no statistically significant differences when compared with sensitivity and specificity of CRP, ESR, and D-Dimer in the diagnosis of PJI among patients from the three different groups when D-Dimer > 0.85 μg/L was set as the optimal threshold value for the diagnosis of PJI.ConclusionD-Dimer is not a parameter to distinguish between aseptic loosening and PJI.
Hygiene protocols for the treatment of denture-related stomatitis: local and systemic parameters analysis - a randomized, double-blind trial protocol
Authors: Ribeiro Adriana B. , de Araújo Camila B. , Silva Luiz Eduardo V. , Fazan-Junior Rubens , Salgado Helio C. , Ribeiro Aline B. , Fortes Caroline V. , Bueno Frank L. , de Oliveira Viviane C. , de F. O. Paranhos Helena , Watanabe Evandro , da Silva-Lovato Cláudia H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Denture-related stomatitis (DS) is chronic multifactorial inflammation, strongly related to the presence of the biofilm that is the complex structure formed by microorganisms held together by a mucus-like matrix of carbohydrate that adheres to different surfaces, including the denture surface. DS has recently been correlated with deleterious cardiovascular alterations. The potential effect of hygiene protocols in the control of DS and randomized clinical trials that address this oral condition with cardiovascular complications are important in clinical decision-making.

Material/design
A clinical trial, randomized, double-blind, and with parallel groups, will be conducted in Brazil The sample will consist of 100 patients without teeth in both arches, users of at least maxillary complete dentures, and diagnosed with DS, who will be allocated to groups (n = 25 per group) according to the different hygiene protocols: (1) brushing of the palate and immersion of the prosthesis in 0.25% sodium hypochlorite solution (positive control); (2) brushing of the palate and immersion of the prosthesis in 0.15% triclosan solution; (3) brushing of the palate and immersion of the prosthesis in lactose monohydrate; or (4) brushing the palate with citric acid and immersing the prosthesis in lactose monohydrate. The response variables will be heart rate variability and alteration of blood pressure (systemic level), remission of DS, removal of biofilm, reduction of microbial load (colony-forming units (CFU)), mouth and prosthesis odor level, expression of MUC1, proinflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), viscosity, pH and salivary flow (locally); patient-centred qualitative analysis will also be undertaken. Measurements will be performed at baseline and 10 days after the interventions. The results obtained will be statistically analyzed as pertinent, with a level of significance of 0.05.

Discussion
This study will provide a guideline for clinical practice regarding the use of hygiene protocols in the treatment of oral diseases (DS) mediated by biofilm. Also, it may provide evidence of correlation of oral manifestation with cardiac risk.

Trial registration
Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, RBR-4hhwjb. Registered on 9 November 2018.
Assessment of multiplex Onchocerca volvulus peptide ELISA in non-endemic tropical regions
Authors: Lagatie Ole , Granjon Elodie , Odiere Maurice R. , Zrein Maan , Stuyver Lieven J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, serodiagnosis of infection with the helminth parasiteOnchocerca volvulusis limited to the Ov-16 IgG4 test, a test that has limited sensitivity and suboptimal specificity. In previous studies, we identified several linear epitopes that have the potential to supplement the diagnostic toolbox for onchocerciasis.MethodsIn this study three peptides, bearing in total six linear epitopes were transferred to a multiplex ELISA platform. This multiplex ELISA was used to assess the clinical utility of the peptide serology markers by analyzing sample sets from bothO. volvulusendemic and non-endemic regions.ResultsThe multiplex platform was shown to be reproducible and data obtained on the multiplex platform were comparable to the singleplex ELISA data. The clinical utility assessment showed that in a population of school-aged children from western Kenya, a virtuallyO. volvulus-free area, significant cross-reactivity with an as-yet to be determined immunogen was detected.ConclusionsThe observations made in this study invalidate the usefulness of the peptide serology markers for onchocerciasis detection. We discuss what could be the origin of this unexpected serological response, but also highlight the need for better characterized biobanks for biomarker discovery activities.
Characteristics of seismic activity before and after the 2018 M6.7 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake
Authors: Kumazawa Takao , Ogata Yosihiko , Tsuruoka Hiroshi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe applied the epidemic type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model, the two-stage ETAS model and the non-stationary ETAS model to investigate the detailed features of the series of earthquake occurrences before and after the M6.7 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi earthquake on 6 September 2018, based on earthquake data from October 1997. First, after the 2003 M8.0 Tokachi-Oki earthquake, seismic activity in the Eastern Iburi region reduced relative to the ETAS model. During this period, the depth ranges of the seismicity were migrating towards shallow depths, where a swarm cluster, including a M5.1 earthquake, finally occurred in the deepest part of the range. This swarm activity was well described by the non-stationary ETAS model until the M6.7 main shock. The aftershocks of the M6.7 earthquake obeyed the ETAS model until the M5.8 largest aftershock, except for a period of several days when small, swarm-like activity was found at the southern end of the aftershock region. However, when we focus on the medium and larger aftershocks, we observed quiescence relative to the ETAS model from 8.6 days after the main shock until the M5.8 largest aftershock. For micro-earthquakes, we further studied the separated aftershock sequences in the naturally divided aftershock volumes. We found that the temporal changes in the background rate and triggering coefficient (aftershock productivity) in respective sub-volumes were in contrast with each other. In particular, relative quiescence was seen in the northern deep zones that includes the M5.8 largest aftershock. Furthermore, changes in the b-values of the whole aftershock activity showed an increasing trend with respect to the logarithm of elapsed time during the entire aftershock period, which is ultimately explained by the spatially different characteristics of the aftershocks.
Hydrological changes after the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, Japan
Authors: Koizumi Naoji , Minote Shinsuke , Tanaka Tatsuya , Mori Azumi , Ajiki Takumi , Sato Tsutomu , Takahashi Hiroshi A. , Matsumoto Norio 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, whose main shock was an M7.3 event on April 16, 2016, 28 h after a foreshock of M6.5, caused severe damage in and around Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. It also caused postseismic hydrological changes in Kumamoto Prefecture. In this study, we analyzed daily streamflow data collected by eight observation stations from 2001 to 2017 in regions that experienced strong ground motion during the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. We also surveyed 11 water springs in the region several times after the main shock. Streamflow had no or slight change immediately after the earthquake; however, large increases were recorded at some of the eight stations following a heavy rainfall that occurred 2 months after the earthquake. A decrease in the water-holding capacity of the catchment caused by earthquake-induced landslides can explain this delayed streamflow increase. Conversely, earthquake-related changes to the spring flow rate were not so clear. Water temperature and chemical composition of spring waters were also hardly changed. Only the concentration of NO3−, which is usually considered to be supplied from the surface, changed slightly just after the earthquake. These results show that the postseismic hydrological changes were caused mainly by earthquake-induced surface phenomena and that there was little contribution from hydrothermal fluid.
Epidemiology of animal bite in Iran during a 20-year period (1993–2013): a meta-analysis
Authors: Abedi Maliheh , Doosti-Irani Amin , Jahanbakhsh Fatemeh , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Rabies is a fatal disease that still kills 2–6 people a year in Iran. A meta-analysis was conducted in order to generate accurate data on animal bite exposure, and to estimate the incidence of animal bite across the country.

Materials and methods
Major national and international electronic databases were searched using the keywords “animal bite,” rabies, prevalence, incidence, and Iran. Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, and ScienceDirect were used as international databases, and the national databases included Science Information Database, MagIran, and IranDoc. Descriptive cross-sectional studies addressing the incidence of animal bite were selected and screened by two authors, and pre-specified data were extracted. The population of provinces or cities of studies was extracted from the Statistical Centre of Iran. The overall incidence of animal bite in Iran was estimated using a random-effects model with 95% confidence interval (CI). Study quality was assessed using the STROBE recommended checklist.

Results
A total of 34 studies were selected for the meta-analysis out of 1215 retrieved studies. The number of animal bites in the studies during 1993–2013 was 230,019 cases. The overall estimated incidence rate of animal bite in Iran was 13.20/1000 (95%, CI 12.10, 14.30) and the mean age of people was 26.23 (SD = 5.02) year. The incidence rate of animal bite among males (14.90/1000) was much higher than females (4.55/1000), and was higher in rural areas (17.45/1000) compared with urban areas (4.35/1000). The incident rate was highest among students compared with other reported occupations. The incidence rate of dogs was 10.40/1000 followed by cats, cows, wolves, jackals, and foxes. Domestic animals had a higher incidence rate than stray and wild animals. The incidence rate of animal bite during spring was 4.90/1000; however, the incidence rate in other seasons had no significant difference. In the retrieved studies, the highest incidence rate of animal bite was found in the West Azerbaijan Province (146.83/1000).

Conclusion
The current study is the first comprehensive analysis of the published animal bite studies in Iran. Accurate data on animal bite incidence may lead to more effective policy-decisions towards more efficient resource allocation to primary health care for reducing rabies case. Such information is a primary and major necessity for rabies control program in the country. Animal bite reduction can significantly minimize the risk of rabies infection, thereby reducing public health costs for the expensive post-exposure treatment.
Non-FDG PET/CT in Diagnostic Oncology: a pictorial review
Authors: Giammarile Francesco , Castellucci Paolo , Dierckx Rudi , Estrada Lobato Enrique , Farsad Mohsen , Hustinx Roland , Jalilian Amirreza , Pellet Olivier , Rossi Susana , Paez Diana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPositron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is currently one of the main imaging modalities for cancer patients worldwide. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT has earned its global recognition in the modern management of cancer patients and is rapidly becoming an important imaging modality for patients with cardiac, neurological, and infectious/inflammatory conditions.Despite its proven benefits, FDG has limitations in the assessment of several relevant tumours such as prostate cancer. Therefore, there has been a pressing need for the development and clinical application of different PET radiopharmaceuticals that could image these tumours more precisely. Accordingly, several non-FDG PET radiopharmaceuticals have been introduced into the clinical arena for management of cancer. This trend will undoubtedly continue to spread internationally. The use of PET/CT with different PET radiopharmaceuticals specific to tumour type and biological process being assessed is part of the personalised precision medicine approach.The objective of this publication is to provide a case-based method of understanding normal biodistribution, variants, and pitfalls, including several examples of different imaging appearances for the main oncological indications for each of the new non-FDG PET radiopharmaceuticals. This should facilitate the interpretation and recognition of common variants and pitfalls to ensure that, in clinical practice, the official report is accurate and helpful.Some of these radiopharmaceuticals are already commercially available in many countries (e.g. 68Ga-DOTATATE and DOTATOC), others are in the process of becoming available (e.g. 68Ga-PSMA), and some are still being researched. However, this list is subject to change as some radiopharmaceuticals are increasingly utilised, while others gradually decrease in use.
Literature review of Notch melanoma receptors
Authors: de Oliveira Filho Renato Santos , Soares Alexandre Lavorato , Paschoal Francisco Macedo , Rezze Gisele Gargantini , Oliveira Ebe , Macarenco Ricardo , Buzaid Antonio Carlos , Ferreira Lydia Masako 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite the immunotherapeutics and target therapy agents, the survival of patients with advanced melanoma is still low. Notch signaling is able to regulate many aspects of melanomagenesis. Comparative analyses of common melanocytic nevi, dysplastic nevi and melanomas demonstrated increased expression of Notch1, Notch2 and their ligands, indicating that a positive regulation of these components may be related to the progression of melanoma. Some strategies such as gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSI) have been explored in patients with refractory metastatic disease or locally advanced disease of solid tumors. Two major classes of Notch inhibitors are currently in clinical development: GSI and monoclonal antibodies against Notch receptors or their ligands. Inhibition of Notch by GSI has been shown to decrease melanoma growth. GSI RO4929097 co-administered with cisplatin, vinblastine and temozolomide promotes greater elimination of tumor cells. The Notch pathway needs to be explored in the treatment of melanoma.
Models of tendon development and injury
Authors: Theodossiou Sophia K. , Schiele Nathan R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTendons link muscle to bone and transfer forces necessary for normal movement. Tendon injuries can be debilitating and their intrinsic healing potential is limited. These challenges have motivated the development of model systems to study the factors that regulate tendon formation and tendon injury. Recent advances in understanding of embryonic and postnatal tendon formation have inspired approaches that aimed to mimic key aspects of tendon development. Model systems have also been developed to explore factors that regulate tendon injury and healing. We highlight current model systems that explore developmentally inspired cellular, mechanical, and biochemical factors in tendon formation and tenogenic stem cell differentiation. Next, we discuss in vivo,in vitro,ex vivo,and computational models of tendon injury that examine how mechanical loading and biochemical factors contribute to tendon pathologies and healing. These tendon development and injury models show promise for identifying the factors guiding tendon formation and tendon pathologies, and will ultimately improve regenerative tissue engineering strategies and clinical outcomes.
Clinicopathological features and survival of colorectal cancer patients younger than 50 years: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Ghodssi-Ghassemabadi Robabeh , Hajizadeh Ebrahim , Kamian Shaghayegh , Mahmoudi Mahmood 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of old age, but its incidence has been rising among younger population compared to older ones. Nevertheless, there is a controversy over survival of younger patients compared to the older ones. Therefore, in the current study, we investigated the clinicopathological features and survival of the younger (< 50 years) versus older (≥ 50 years) CRC patients.

Results
The younger and older groups consisted of 39.4% and 60.6% of patients, respectively. Both age groups were comparable regarding the symptom presentation and duration, and pre-operative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The younger patients were diagnosed with a higher proportion of poorly differentiated (14.7% vs. 8.3%; p < 0.001) and more advanced tumors (53.2% vs. 45.9%; p = 0.266). The rectum tumor site was significantly more common among the younger patients (p = 0.021). The overall survival (OS) (p = 0.278), the cancer-specific survival (CSS) (p = 0.233), and the disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.497) did not differ significantly between the two groups. Based on Cox regression model, elevated pre-operative CEA level (HR = 1.41; 95%CI of 1.01–1.97), advanced tumor stage (6.06; 95%CI of 3.03–12.15), and poorly differentiated tumor (HR = 1.69; 95%CI of 1.05–2.71) were associated with decreased survival.

Conclusions
The younger patients did not have poor prognosis compared to the older ones despite having an advanced tumor stage and a poor tumor differentiation.
Parental Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN 1) Is Associated with Increased Offspring Childhood Mortality
Authors: Thompson Michael , Hogg Prudence , De Paoli Antonio , Burgess John 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Context
Information regarding the impact of parental multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1) on neonatal outcomes is limited to case reports.

Objective
To determine the impact of parental MEN 1 on neonatal outcomes.

Methods
Retrospective cohort analysis of the Tasman 1 MEN 1 kindred stratified by whether birth occurred before (“historical cohort”) or after (“contemporary cohort”) prospective screening commenced. The historical cohort included kindred members born between 1825 and 1984 (n = 341 children with a MEN 1 positive (MEN 1+) parent and n = 314 children with MEN 1 negative (MEN 1–) parents). The contemporary cohort included neonates (n = 52) of MEN 1+ women (n = 21) managed at a tertiary referral hospital between 1985 and 2018.

Results
Historical cohort: compared with MEN 1– parents, children of MEN 1+ parents were more likely to die postpartum (HR 4.6, P = .046 at 6 months of age). Excess mortality at 15 years of age was observed for children of MEN 1+ mothers (HR 8.50, P = .002) and fathers (HR 3.82, P = .03). Contemporary cohort: neonates of MEN 1+ mothers were more likely to have low birth weight (28.9% vs 6.7%, P = .01), be admitted to a higher care nursery (40.4% vs 17%, P = .02), and require a longer median postnatal stay (5 vs 4 days, P = .009) than the Australian average. Isolated antenatal hypercalcemia did not significantly alter neonatal outcomes.

Conclusion
Children with a MEN 1+ parent are disproportionately vulnerable postpartum. Neonates of MEN 1+ mothers remain vulnerable despite contemporary care. The excess risk was not fully explained by maternal MEN 1 or antenatal hypercalcemia.