bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filling the gap: Peasant Studies and the archaeology of medieval peasantry in light of the Northern Iberian evidence
Authors: Quirós Castillo Juan Antonio , Tejerizo‐García Carlos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA new archaeology of peasantry has emerged in Europe in the last few decades in the context of development‐led rescue excavations. As a result, new lines of inquiry, usually unconnected with other traditions of Peasant Studies, have been proposed. The main aim of this paper is to propose forms of interaction between current sociological and anthropological perspectives (Peasant Studies) and an archaeologically informed social history approach (Peasant Archaeology) in order to enrich the analysis of peasant societies, both in the past and the present. Moreover, challenging traditional approaches in historical and archaeological studies that see peasantry as a passive, subaltern, homogeneous class, avenues for a relational agency of peasantry considering archaeological records from medieval Iberia are considered.
Injectable Platelet‐Rich Fibrin (PRF): The newest biomaterial and its use in various dermatological conditions in our practice: A case series
Authors: Shashank Bansod , Bhushan Madke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInjectable platelet‐rich fibrin (I‐PRF) is a second generation, fully autologous, blood‐derived biomaterial having three‐dimensional fibrin meshwork, like that of a PRF clot, while retaining the fluid nature, just like platelet‐rich plasma (PRP). Along with platelets and its growth factors, injectable PRF predominantly has collagen type‐1, lymphocytes along with its growth factors. Preparation of injectable PRF is simple and requires minimal instrumentation and materials, making it a cost‐effective product. We have been trying using this biomaterial in the conditions where PRP and PRF clot are being used currently, like androgenetic alopecia, periorbital rejuvenation, temporary filler material and as an agent to promote wound healing with favorable results.
A case report on the use of topical cysteamine 5% cream in the management of refractory postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) resistant to triple combination cream (hydroquinone, topical corticosteroids, and retinoids)
Authors: Mathe Nomathamsanqa , Balogun Mariam , Yoo Jinah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPostinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurs as a result of different inflammatory dermatoses and exogenous factors in individuals with darker skin types. With current skin lightening treatments, there are concerns about irritation leading to worsening of their underlying inflammatory skin condition or worsening of PIH.CaseA 20‐year‐old woman with Fitzpatrick skin type (FST) V presented with facial hyperpigmented patches since childhood following an intermittent erythematous, pruritic facial rash. Skin biopsy confirmed PIH secondary to possible burnt‐out morphea. Treatment with topical adapalene 0.1% gel and triple combination cream (containing hydroquinone, topical corticosteroids, and retinoids) proved unsuccessful. Treatment with cysteamine 5% cream over 4 months resulted in significant improvement with a reduction in the melanin index.DiscussionThe current recommendation for first‐line treatment in PIH is hydroquinone or triple combination cream containing hydroquinone, which can be associated with significant short‐ and long‐term side effects. Cysteamine 5% cream is one of the latest cosmetic skin lightening products. It is hypothesized that cysteamine reduces melanin production by inhibiting key melanogenic enzymes required in melanogenesis. Its efficacy and tolerability have been demonstrated in two randomized controlled trials against placebo in patients with melasma. This report demonstrates a successful use of cysteamine 5% cream in a patient with chronic severe PIH.
Chuprov and Neyman: Priority in Science and the Uneven Diffusion of Scientific Results
Authors: Lusinchi Dominic 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPriority in “discovery,” which sometimes leads to eponymy, is a highly prized form of reward in the scientific community. Recognition of priority is a norm whose violation will bring opprobrium (e.g. suspicion of plagiarism) upon the offender. But in order for an idea to receive an attribution of novelty, and its author to be acknowledged, it must first be noticed. This essay is a case study of an innovation (formulas related to stratified sampling) in the field of mathematical statistics that was “overlooked” for many years by many. Unknowingly, Jerzy Neyman (1894‐1981) “refound” these formulas a decade later (1933). When a statistician in 1950 uncovered the original idea and its author (A.A. Chuprov, 1874‐1926), he contacted Neyman who promptly published a “Recognition of priority” (1952). The study examines the perplexing situation in which some results become known to and recognized by the statistical community, while others, originating from the very same paper, were “overlooked” by sampling statisticians (among others) who, unlike Neyman, had access to the paper and thus had ample opportunity to identify Chuprov's formulas as relevant to their work. Chuprov was well‐known in the statistics world, and the publication in which he published his ideas (1923) was a respected statistical journal (Metron). How is it that it took nearly 20 years for someone in the statistics community to notice that Chuprov had anticipated Neyman in deriving the formulas in question?
Repeated resection for recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A retrospective German multicentre study
Authors: Bartsch Fabian , Eberhard Johannes , Rückert Felix , Schmelzle Moritz , Lehwald‐Tywuschik Nadja , Fichtner‐Feigl Stefan , Gaedcke Jochen , Oldhafer Karl J. , Oldhafer Felix , Diener Markus , Mehrabi Arianeb , Settmacher Utz , Becker Thomas , Keck Tobias , Friess Helmut , Strücker Benjamin , Opitz Sabine , Lemke Johannes , Schnitzbauer Andreas , Lang Hauke ,   the German ICC Collaboration Group
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundTumour recurrence is common after resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). Repeated resection is a potential curative treatment, but outcomes are not well‐defined thus far. The aim of this retrospective multicentre cohort study was to show the feasibility and survival of repeated resection of ICC recurrence.MethodsData were collected from 18 German hepato‐pancreatico‐biliary centres for patients who underwent repeated exploration of recurrent ICC between January 2008 and December 2017. Primary end points were overall (OS) and recurrence‐free survival from the day of primary and repeated resection.ResultsOf 156 patients who underwent repeated exploration for recurrent ICC, 113 underwent re‐resection. CA19‐9 prior to primary resection, R status of first liver resection and median time to recurrence were significant determinants of repeated resectability. Median OS in the repeated resection group was 65.2 months, with consecutive 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year OS of 98%, 78% and 57% respectively. After re‐exploration, median OS from primary resection was 46.7 months, with a consecutive 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year OS of 95%, 55% and 22% respectively. From the day of repeated resection, the median OS was 36.8 months, with a consecutive 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year OS of 86%, 51% and 34% respectively. Minor morbidity (grade I+II) was present in 27%, grade IIIa‐IVb morbidity in 20% and mortality in 3.5% of patients.ConclusionRepeated resection of ICC has acceptable morbidity and mortality and seems to be associated with improved long‐term survival. Structured follow‐up after resection of ICC is necessary for early identification of these patients.
The effect of crude oil price shocks on macroeconomic stability in Ghana
Authors: Dramani John Bosco , Frimpong Prince Boakye 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe paper studies the effects of underlying shocks of crude oil price movements on the stability of macroeconomic aggregates in Ghana. We develop a structural vector autoregressive to disentangle the sources that have driven shocks in crude oil market and estimate the effects of the identified shocks on macroeconomic aggregates and on three bilateral exchange rates in Ghana. In addition, we investigate the extent of transmission of the identified shocks on food and non‐food price levels. The findings show that shocks by oil supply and demand‐specific have a significant effect on real GDP. Further, the identified shocks have a weighty effect on the Ghana/Euro bilateral exchange rate. The findings also suggest that all the identified structural shocks have significant effects on food and non‐food inflation. This implies that oil market shocks are detrimental to food and non‐food inflation in Ghana.
Assessment of heterotic patterns of tropical low‐nitrogen–tolerant maize (Zea maysL.) inbred lines using testcross performance, morphological traits and SNP markers
Authors: Ajala Sam O. , Olayiwola Muyideen O. , Job Anthony O. , Olaniyan Amudalat B. , Gedil Melaku 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBreeding efforts in West and Central Africa (WCA) have focused on the development of Low‐N‐tolerant (LNT) maize inbreds and their classification into heterotic groups. This study was conducted to classify LNT maize lines into heterotic groups using testcross performance, morphological and SNP markers and to compare the consistency of groupings by the three methods. Thirty‐six LNT inbreds were crossed to two contrasting inbred testers to generate 72 testcrosses that were evaluated under low‐N conditions in Nigeria in 2014. Also, the 36 inbreds and the two testers were evaluated for per se performance under similar conditions as the testcrosses in 2014 and genotyped in 2015 using 1,123,196 SNP markers. Based on testcross performance, 33 of the 36 LNT inbreds were grouped by the two testers. Morphological characterization from per se performance and genetic relationship by SNP markers classified the inbreds into four groups that were inconsistent with their pedigree. Correlation analysis showed non‐concurrence of the three grouping methods. However, information from these groupings would assist in reducing the number of crosses to be made and evaluated.
Associations between physical activity types and reaching the physical activity guidelines: The FinHealth 2017 Study
Authors: Wennman Heini , Borodulin Katja 
Published: September 2020

Physical activity (PA) guidelines for adults recommend to both aerobic and muscle‐strengthening exercise. We aimed to report prevalence of adults reaching these guidelines and further study associations of types of physical activities with the PA guidelines. In a national FinHealth 2017 Study, adults (18+ years, n = 5335) reported participation in different types of physical activities in summer and winter, in duration of moderate‐ and vigorous‐intensity aerobic PA, and frequency of muscle‐strengthening PA. Logistic regression analysis was used, adjusting for age, education, and self‐rated health, stratified into age‐groups of 18‐64 years and 65+ years by gender. PA guidelines were reached in the age‐group of 18‐64 years by 42% of men and 39% of women and in the age‐group of 65+ years by 26% of men and 20% of women. Walking, cleaning and maintenance work, and stair climbing were the most popular PA types throughout the year. Workout and muscle‐strengthening exercises were consistently associated with 3‐8 times higher odds for reaching the PA guidelines across age, gender, and season. Other PA types (eg, jogging, swimming, skiing, gardening, or stair climbing) had more varied associations with the PA guidelines across gender, age, and season. Our data suggest that only certain conditioning activity types associate with reaching PA guidelines. Findings indicate that future interventions could more specifically use information on gender and age variation in the PA types, to find solutions for low physical activity in the population.
Informed aspirations in science and engineering with upper elementary students after 1 year of a STEM intensive university‐school district partnership
Authors: Parker Carolyn , Grigg Jeffrey , D'Souza Stephanie , Mitchell Charlie , Smith Erica 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article reports findings from a study of an integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education program on student interest and awareness in science and engineering. The analysis features grade 3–5 students from a high‐poverty, urban school system in the Mid‐Atlantic region. Through the quantitative analysis of closed ended survey responses and the qualitative analysis of an open‐ended query, we describe how the adoption of an intensive STEM‐focused partnership could influence students’ early interest in and awareness of science and engineering as disciplines and careers. The analysis of the student responses revealed that after 1 year of the project, the students enrolled in the program demonstrated developing interest in science and engineering and were better able to articulate a greater understanding of engineering as a discipline. These findings have implications for the effectiveness of an integrated STEM approach for upper elementary students participating and succeeding in the STEM fields.
Counting the Costs of COVID-19: Why Future Treatment Option Values Matter
Authors: Kent Adrian 
Published: September 2020

I critique a recent analysis (Miles, Stedman & Heald, 2020) of COVID-19 lockdown costs and benefits, focussing on the United Kingdom (UK). Miles et al. (2020) argue that the March-June UK lockdown was more costly than the benefit of lives saved, evaluated using the NICE threshold of £30000 for a quality-adjusted life year (QALY) and that the costs of a lockdown for 13 weeks from mid-June would be vastly greater than any plausible estimate of the benefits, even if easing produced a second infection wave causing over 7000 deaths weekly by mid-September. I note here two key problems that significantly affect their estimates and cast doubt on their conclusions. Firstly, their calculations arbitrarily cut off after 13 weeks, without costing the epidemic end state. That is, they assume indifference between mid-September states of 13 or 7500 weekly deaths and corresponding infection rates. This seems indefensible unless one assumes that (a) there is little chance of any effective vaccine or improved medical or social interventions for the foreseeable future, (b) notwithstanding temporary lockdowns, COVID-19 will very likely propagate until herd immunity. Even under these assumptions it is very questionable. Secondly, they ignore the costs of serious illness, possible long-term lowering of life quality and expectancy for survivors. These are uncertain, but plausibly at least as large as the costs in deaths.In summary, policy on tackling COVID-19 cannot be rationally made without estimating probabilities of future medical interventions and long-term illness costs. More work on modelling these uncertainties is urgently needed.
Extremum Seeking Feedback With Wave Partial Differential Equation Compensation
Authors: Oliveira Tiago Roux , Krstic Miroslav 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper addresses the compensation of wave actuator dynamics in scalar extremum seeking (ES) for static maps. Infinite-dimensional systems described by partial differential equations (PDEs) of wave type have not been considered so far in the literature of ES. A distributed-parameter-based control law using back-stepping approach and Neumann actuation is initially proposed. Local exponential stability as well as practical convergence to an arbitrarily small neighborhood of the unknown extremum point is guaranteed by employing Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals and averaging theory in infinite dimensions. Thereafter, the extension for wave equations with Dirichlet actuation, antistable wave PDEs as well as the design for the delay-wave PDE cascade are also discussed. Numerical simulations illustrate the theoretical results.
Model-Based Analysis of a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) System for the Operation of a Hydrogen-Fired Gas Turbine
Authors: Dennis Jason , Bexten Thomas , Petersen Nils , Wirsum Manfred , Preuster Patrick 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
One of the main challenges currently hindering the transition to energy systems based on renewable power generation is grid stability. To compensate for the volatility of wind- and solar-based power generation, storage facilities able to adapt to seasonal and short-term differences in energy production and demand are required. Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) represent a viable method of chemically binding elemental hydrogen, offering opportunities for large-scale and safe energy storage. In times of energy shortage, flexible and dispatchable power generation technologies such as gas turbines can be fueled by hydrogen stored in this manner. Hydrogen can be released from its liquid carrier via an endothermic dehydrogenation reaction using waste heat provided by the gas turbine. This gaseous hydrogen can be supplied to the gas turbine combustion chamber using a hydrogen compressor. In this study, a steady-state model is developed in order to analyze the heat-integrated combination of a 7.7 MW hydrogen-fired gas turbine and a perhydrodibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT)/dibenzyltoluene (H0-DBT) LOHC system. For the best-performing parameter set, the effective storage density of the LOHC oil comes to 1.5 kWh/L. This value is situated in between that of compressed hydrogen at 350 bar (1.01 kWh/L) and liquid hydrogen (2.33 kWh/L). Concurrently, the corresponding energy required for hydrogen compression reduces the overall system efficiency to 22.00% (ηGT=30.15%). The resulting optimal electricity yield, being a product of these two values, amounts to 0.33 kWhel/L.
Cerebral venous thrombosis as a complication of intracranial hypotension after lumbar puncture
Authors: Edwards Leon Stephen , Cuganesan Ramesh , Cappelen-Smith Cecilia 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundOptic neuritis is recognised by the international classification of headache disorders as a painful cranial nerve lesion. A lumbar puncture may be performed in the investigation of optic neuritis. Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) due to intracranial hypotension is a frequent complication of this procedure. In contrast, cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but potentially fatal complication of dural puncture. A few studies have identified an association between iron deficiency anaemia and venous thrombosis. There are no reports linking CVT with lumbar puncture and iron deficiency anaemia.Methods and resultsWe present a 32-year-old woman with optic neuritis and iron deficiency anaemia complicated by a PDPH and CVT.ConclusionCVT should be considered in a patient with persistent headache, recent lumbar puncture and iron deficiency anaemia. Early recognition and treatment of this condition are vital to avoiding mortality and morbidity.
Protocol for a multicentre, prospective cohort study of clinical, proteomic and genomic patterns associated with osteoporosis to develop a multidimensional fracture assessment tool: the PoCOsteo Study
Authors: Khashayar Patricia , Dimai Hans Peter , Moradi Nahid , Fahimfar Noushin , Gharibzadeh Safoora , Ostovar Afshin , Nabipour Iraj , Larijani Bagher 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionThe HORIZON 2020 project PoCOsteo aims (1) to develop a multidimensional fracture risk assessment tool which would take into account all factors known to be related to an individual’s fracture risk. The fracture risk model is intended to be developed in two different populations, namely a European and a Middle Eastern one; (2) to develop a medical device, which would measure and/or quantify proteomic as well as genomic factors as present in whole blood samples collected through finger prick; (3) to test the clinical applicability and the validity of prototypes of the to be developed point of care device at both clinical centres.Methods and analysisThis article presents the protocol of this prospective cohort that will be carried out independently at two different centres (Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology at the Medical University of Graz (MUG) as a clinic-based cohort, and Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute (EMRI) at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) as a population-based cohort). The final aim is to develop a fracture risk assessment model, which would include clinical risk factors, biochemical markers of bone turnover, as well as specific genomic factors. The derivation cohorts will consist of individuals aged 50 years and above. The period of observation for each patient will be 12 months; an extension phase, which would last for another 2 years, is also planned.Ethics and disseminationThese studies are conducted in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The Iranian part was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of EMRI, TUMS. The Austrian part was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Graz. Based on the gathered information, a multidimensional fracture assessment tool will be designed which will later be added to the PoCOsteo device.
Effectiveness of interventions for the prevention of occupational violence against professionals in health services: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Okubo Caroline Vieira Cláudio , Silveira Renata Cristina Campos Pereira , Galdino Maria José Quina , Fernandes Daiane Rubinato , Moreira Aline Aparecida Oliveira , Martins Júlia Trevisan 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionOccupational violence affects several categories of workers; however, the health sector category has been considered at a high risk, exposing workers to physical and psychological abuse. Thus, occupational violence has decreased the quality of care in health service. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for the prevention and reduction of occupational violence against health professionals.Methods and analysisThis protocol is consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL and LIVIVO along with a comprehensive review of grey literature. The search will be conducted on August 1 st 2020, without language and time restrictions. Following the eligibility criteria, two independent reviewers will select the titles and abstracts and subsequently screen the full articles. If necessary, a third reviewer will assess any disagreements. All references will be imported into EndNote, and any duplicates will be removed. The data will be extracted using an extraction-based form from Cochrane. Statistical analyses will be performed using the software Cochrane Review Manager, and a meta-analysis will be performed if possible for the statistical combination of at least two studies. The risk of bias of the randomised clinical trials will be evaluated by the Risk of Bias tool from Cochrane, and the risk of bias of the non-randomised intervention studies will be evaluated using the Downs and Black scale. The quality of the evidence and strength of the classification recommendations will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation.Ethics and disseminationThis review will not evaluate individual patient information and therefore does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals, presentations at conferences and the doctoral thesis of the leading author.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018111383.