bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micellar‐based spectrofluorimetric method for the selective determination of ledipasvir in the presence of sofosbuvir: application to dosage forms and human plasma
Authors: Abdel‐Lateef Mohamed A. , Ali Ramadan , Omar Mahmoud A. , Derayea Sayed M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA fast, low‐cost, sensitive, and selective spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of ledipasvir was developed and validated. The method is based on an enhancement in the native fluorescence intensity of ledipasvir by 500% of its original value by the formation of hydrogen bonds between the cited drug and Tween‐20 in the micellar system (pH = 5.0). All fluorescence measurements were carried out at 425 nm and 340 nm for emission and excitation wavelengths, respectively. A linear relationship between the concentration of ledipasvir and the observed fluorescence intensity was achieved in the range of 0.1–2.0 μg ml−1 with 0.028, 0.084 μg ml−1, for detection and quantitation limits, respectively. The acquired selectivity and sensitivity using the proposed method facilitate the analysis of ledipasvir in spiked human plasma with sufficient percentage recovery (95.36–99.30%). The proposed method was developed and validated according to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. Moreover, the cited drug was successfully determined in its pharmaceutical dosage form using the proposed method. In addition, the validity of the proposed results was statistically confirmed using Student's t‐test, variance ratio F‐test, and interval hypothesis test.
Improved succinate production from galactose‐rich feedstocks by engineered Escherichia coli under anaerobic conditions
Authors: Zhu Fayin , San Ka‐Yiu , Bennett George N. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is of great economic interest to produce succinate from low‐grade carbon sources, which can make it more economically competitive against petrochemical‐based succinate. Galactose sugars constitute a significant fraction of the soluble carbohydrate in a meal from agricultural sources which is considered a low value or waste byproduct of oilseed processing. To improve the galactose utilization, the effect of galR and glk on sugars uptake was investigated by deactivation of each gene in three previously engineered host strains. As expected, glk plays an important role in glucose uptake, while, the effect of deactivation of galR is highly dependent on the strength of the downstream module (succinate production module). A new succinate producer FZ661T was constructed by enhancement of the succinate producing module and manipulation of the gal operon. The succinate productivity reached 4.57 g/L/hr when a mixed sugar feedstock was used as a carbon source in shake‐flask fermentation, up to 812 mM succinate was accumulated in 80 hr in fed‐batch fermentation. When SoyMolaGal hydrolysate was used as a carbon source, 628 mM (74 g/L) succinate was produced within 72 hr. In this study, we demonstrate that FZ661T can produce succinate quickly with relatively high yield, giving it the potential for industrial application.
What do clinical supervision research reviews tell us? Surveying the last 25 years
Authors: Watkins C. Edward 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhat do clinical supervision research reviews across the last 25 years tell us? That question is subsequently examined. Based on database and literature searches, 20 reviews appearing from 1995 through 2019 were identified for survey examination; consistencies, inconsistencies and other defining features were determined across reviews; and the survey findings and their implications are considered. Primary findings are as follows: (a) ‘proof’ for supervision appears to be more ‘proof by association’ than otherwise, being primarily a product of ex post facto, cross‐sectional, correlational study; (b) evidence supporting supervision impact of any type is weak at best, especially so for worker and client outcomes; (c) supervision models generally lack empirical foundation; (d) evidence‐based supervision appears to be more a hope and dream than supervision‐based reality at present; and (e) the primary methodological problems that plagued supervision research in the 1990s are still all too frequent in modern research. Some questions to entertain about supervision going forward, and some remedies for improving its research, are proposed.
Mechanophysical Cues in Extracellular Matrix Regulation of Cell Behavior
Authors: Wang Tuntun , Nanda Sitansu Sekhar , Papaefthymiou Georgia C. , Yi Dong Kee 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a macromolecular network that can provide biochemical and structural support for cell adhesion and formation. It regulates cell behavior by influencing biochemical and physical cues. It is a dynamic structure whose components are modified, degraded, or deposited during connective tissue development, giving tissues strength and structural integrity. The physical properties of the natural ECM environment control the design of naturally or synthetically derived biomaterials to guide cell function in tissue engineering. Tissue engineering is an important field that explores physical cues of the ECM to produce new viable tissue for medical applications, such as in organ transplant and organ recovery. Understanding how the ECM exerts physical effects on cell behavior, when cells are seeded in synthetic ECM scaffolds, is of utmost importance. Herein we review recent findings in this area that report on cell behaviors in a variety of ECMs with different physical properties, i.e., topology, geometry, dimensionality, stiffness, and tension.
Heparan sulfate maintains adult midgut homeostasis in Drosophila
Authors: Wei Min , Shi Lin , Kong Ruiyan , Zhao Hang , Li Zhouhua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTissue homeostasis is controlled by the differentiated progeny of residential progenitors (stem cells). Adult stem cells constantly adjust their proliferation/differentiation rates to respond to tissue damage and stresses. However, how differentiated cells maintain tissue homeostasis remains unclear. Here, we find that heparan sulfate (HS), a class of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains, protects differentiated cells from loss to maintain intestinal homeostasis. HS depletion in enterocytes (ECs) leads to intestinal homeostasis disruption, with accumulation of intestinal stem cell (ISC)‐like cells and mis‐differentiated progeny. HS‐deficient ECs are prone to cell death/stress and induced cytokine and epidermal growth factor (EGF) expression, which, in turn, promote ISC proliferation and differentiation. Interestingly, HS depletion in ECs results in the inactivation of decapentaplegic (Dpp) signaling. Moreover, ectopic Dpp signaling completely rescued the defects caused by HS depletion. Together, our data demonstrate that HS is required for Dpp signal activation in ECs, thereby protecting ECs from ablation to maintain midgut homeostasis. Our data shed light into the regulatory mechanisms of how differentiated cells contribute to tissue homeostasis maintenance.
DJ‐1 inhibits autophagy activity of prostate cancer cells by repressing JNK–Bcl2–Beclin1 signaling
Authors: Qin Xiangcheng , Lu Aimei , Ke Meilin , Zhu Weizhi , Ye Xiaolei , Wang Gang , Weng Guobin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe regulation of DJ‐1 on AR signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). DJ‐1 could alter autophagy and regulate Beclin1‐involved autophagy response through JNK‐dependent pathway. JNK is known to mediate autophagy through Bcl2–Beclin1 complex. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the significance of autophagy in DJ‐1‐modulated PCa cells. The current studies showed that DJ‐1 overexpression in LNCaP decreased LC3 transformation and autophagosome formation. However, DJ‐1 knockdown exerted the opposite effect. Moreover, DJ‐1 silencing inhibited survival and promoted death in LNCaP, which was recovered by autophagy inhibition with 3‐MA. In addition, DJ‐1 overexpression inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and Bcl2, and the dissociation of Beclin1 and Bcl2; while the effect of silencing DJ‐1 was completely opposite. More important, JNK activated by anisimycin inhibited the proliferation and promoted death of DJ‐1‐overexpressed LNCaP while increasing LC3 transformation and LC3‐puncta formation, but these results were reversed by the decrease of Beclin1 (by spautin‐1). In contrast, when DJ‐1 was silenced, the death of LNCaP, LC3 transformation, and LC3‐puncta formation were inhibited by JNK inhibitor SP600125, which promoted cell proliferation. However, Bcl2 inhibition (by ABT737) reversed all the effects of SP600125. Our results suggested that DJ‐1 in PCa cells could promote the growth of PCa through autophagy inhibition, and JNK–Bcl2–Beclin1 signaling played an important role in it. The study provided new insights into the role of DJ‐1 in the development of PCa.
Molecular Chirality in Classical Spacetime: Solving the Controversy about the Spinning Cone Model of Rotating Molecules
Authors: Petitjean Michel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe spinning cone is a model of rotating molecules used by Barron in 1986 in relation to asymmetric synthesis and to parity violation. He considered that the non‐translating cone spinning about its symmetry axis has false chirality (i.e., it is not chiral), whereas Mislow concluded in 1999 that it is indeed chiral and severely criticized the true versus false chirality nomenclature introduced by Barron, who still disagreed in 2013 with the conclusion of Mislow. Here, it is shown that this controversy comes from an ambiguity in the spinning cone model and that in fact both authors were right. Light is thrown on the true chirality versus false chirality controversy with a very recently published result, which was thus unavailable to both authors: this is a new definition of chirality that encompasses the one introduced by Lord Kelvin at the end of the 19th century.
Copper Bis(oxazoline)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Alkynylation of Benzopyrylium Ions
Authors: Guan Yong , Attard Jonathan W. , Mattson Anita E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe stereocontrolled construction of biologically relevant chromanones and tetrahydroxanthones has been achieved through the addition of alkynes to benzopyrylium trilfates under the influence of copper bis(oxazoline) catalysis. Excellent levels of enantiocontrol (63–98 % ee) are achieved in the addition of a variety of alkynes to an array of chromenones with a hydrogen in the 2‐position. Promising levels of enantiocontrol (54–67 % ee) are achieved in the alkynylation of chromenones with esters in the 2‐position, generating tertiary ether stereocenters resembling those frequently found in naturally occurring metabolites.
Bimodal Heterogeneous Functionality in Redox‐Active Conjugated Microporous Polymer toward Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Singh Ashish , Verma Parul , Samanta Debabrata , Singh Tarandeep , Maji Tapas Kumar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe designing and development of heterogeneous catalysts for conversion of renewable energy to chemical energies by electrochemical as well as photochemical processes is at the forefront of energy research. In this work, two new donor–acceptor‐based redox‐active conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) (TAPA‐OPE‐mix and TAPA‐OPE‐gly) are synthesized through Schiff base condensation reaction using a microwave synthesizer. Notably, the asymmetric and symmetric bola‐amphiphilic nature of the OPE struts results in distinct nanostructuring and morphologies in the CMPs. Interestingly, both CMPs show impressive heterogeneous catalytic activity toward electrochemical O2 reduction and photocatalytic H2 evolution reactions, and therefore, act as bimodal electro‐ and photocatalytic porous organic materials. Furthermore, the redox‐active property of the CMPs is exploited for in situ generation and stabilization of platinum nanoparticles (Pt), and these Pt@CMPs exhibit significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity.
Monofluoroalkene‐Isostere as a 19F NMR Label for the Peptide Backbone: Synthesis and Evaluation in Membrane‐Bound PGLa and (KIGAKI)3
Authors: Drouin Myriam , Wadhwani Parvesh , Grage Stephan L. , Bürck Jochen , Reichert Johannes , Tremblay Sébastien , Mayer Marie Sabine , Diel Christian , Staub Alexander , Paquin Jean‐François , Ulrich Anne S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSolid‐state 19F NMR is a powerful method to study the interactions of biologically active peptides with membranes. So far, in labelled peptides, the 19F‐reporter group has always been installed on the side chain of an amino acid. Given the fact that monofluoroalkenes are non‐hydrolyzable peptide bond mimics, we have synthesized a monofluoroalkene‐based dipeptide isostere, Val‐Ψ[(Z)‐CF=CH]‐Gly, and inserted it in the sequence of two well‐studied antimicrobial peptides: PGLa and (KIGAKI)3 are representatives of an α‐helix and a β‐sheet. The conformations and biological activities of these labeled peptides were studied to assess the suitability of monofluoroalkenes for 19F NMR structure analysis.
Conversion/Alloying Pseudocapacitance‐Dominated Perovskite KZnF3 Anode for Advanced Lithium‐Based Dual‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ying Danfeng , Ding Rui , Huang Yongfa , Yan Tong , Huang Yuxi , Tan Caini , Sun Xiujuan , Gao Ping , Liu Enhui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCost‐competitive perovskite fluoride KZnF3 has been introduced for the first time as an advanced anode for high‐performance lithium‐based dual‐ion batteries, exhibiting conversion/alloying hybrid mechanisms and dominated pseudocapacitive kinetics for Li‐ion storage.
Boron‐Doped PdCuAu Nanospine Assembly as an Efficient Electrocatalyst toward Formic Acid Oxidation
Authors: Wang Hongjing , Qian Xiaoqian , Liu Songliang , Yin Shuli , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Liang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractControl of the composition and morphology of Pd‐based electrocatalysts is a promising strategy for the development of efficient direct formic acid fuel cells. Herein, a two‐step method is presented for the design of B‐doped PdCuAu nanospine assemblies (B‐PdCuAu NAs) using NaBH4 as the boron dopant. The boron content can be tailored easily by tuning the reaction time, and an optimal boron content is beneficial to promote the formic acid oxidation reaction. Such B‐PdCuAu NAs exhibit superior mass and specific activities to commercial Pd black and PdCuAu NAs in alkaline solution. The excellent catalytic performance of B‐PdCuAu NAs may arise from the increase in surface active sites and the electronic effect of boron modification. This work provides a facile synthesis of the B‐doped metallic catalysts and highlights the boron modification in improving their performance as anode electrocatalysts for fuel cells.
A single‐institution, randomized, pilot study evaluating the efficacy of gabapentin and methadone for patients undergoing chemoradiation for head and neck squamous cell cancer
Authors: Hermann Gregory M. , Iovoli Austin J. , Platek Alexis J. , Wang Chong , Miller Austin , Attwood Kristopher , Bourgeois Daniel J. , Singh Anurag K. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundThe objective of the current study was to compare the safety and efficacy between 2 analgesic regimens for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing definitive chemoradiation (CRT).MethodsThe current study was a prospective, single‐institution, 2‐arm, randomized pilot study. Patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition stage II to stage IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck who were undergoing CRT were randomized to either arm 1, which entailed high‐dose gabapentin (2700 mg daily) with the institutional standard of care (hydrocodone and/or acetaminophen progressing to fentanyl as needed), or arm 2, which comprised low‐dose gabapentin (900 mg daily) with methadone. The primary endpoints were safety and toxicity. Secondary endpoints were pain, opioid requirement, and quality of life (QOL). Differences between the treatment arms at multiple time points were compared using a generalized linear mixed regression model with Sidak correction.ResultsA total of 60 patients (31 in arm 1 and 29 in arm 2) were enrolled from April 2015 to August 2017. There was no difference between the treatment arms with regard to adverse events or serious adverse events. Pain was not found to be different between the treatment arms. More patients in arm 1 did not require an opioid during treatment (42% vs 7%; P = .002). Patients in arm 2 experienced significantly better QOL outcomes across multiple domains, including overall health (P = .05), physical functioning (P = .04), role functioning (P = .01), and social functioning (P = .01).ConclusionsHigh‐dose prophylactic gabapentin increased the percentage of patients who required no opioid during treatment. Methadone may improve QOL compared with a regimen of short‐acting opioids and fentanyl. However, pain was found to significantly worsen throughout treatment regardless of treatment arm, necessitating further studies to identify a more optimal regimen.
All‐Metallic Zn=Zn Double‐π Bonded Octahedral Zn2M4 (M=Li, Na) Clusters with Negative Oxidation State of Zinc
Authors: Liu Xingman , Zhang Min , Wu Shuixing , Zhong Ronglin , Liu Yingying , Arif Ali Muhammad , Geng Yun , Su Zhongmin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractZn=Zn double bonded‐especially double‐π bonded‐systems are scarce due to strong Coulomb repulsion caused by the Zn atom's internally crowded d electrons and very high energy of the virtual π orbitals in Zn2 fragments. It is also rare for Zn atoms to exhibit negative oxidation states within reported Zn−Zn bonded complexes. Herein, we report Zn=Zn double‐π bonded octahedral clusters Zn2M4 (M=Li, Na) bridged by four alkali metal ligands, in which the central Zn atom is in a negative oxidation state. Especially in D4h−Zn2Na4, the natural population analysis shows that the charge of the Zn atom reaches up to −0.89 |e| (−1.11 |e| for AIM charge). Although this cooperation inevitably increases the repulsion between two Zn atoms, the introduction of the s1‐type ligands results in occupation of degenerated π orbitals and the electrons being delocalized over the whole octahedral framework as well, in turn stabilizing the octahedral molecular structure. This study demonstrates that maintaining the degeneracy of the π orbitals and introducing electrons from equatorial plane are effective means to construct double‐π bonds between transitional metals.
Localizing Binding Sites on Bioconjugated Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Semiconductors at the Nanoscale
Authors: Koehler Melanie , Farka Dominik , Yumusak Cigdem , Serdar Sariciftci Niyazi , Hinterdorfer Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHydrogen‐bonded organic semiconductors are extraordinarily stable organic solids forming stable, large crystallites with the ability to preserve favorable electrical properties upon bioconjugation. Lately, tremendous efforts have been made to use these bioconjugated semiconductors as platforms for stable multifunctional bioelectronics devices, yet the detailed characterization of bio‐active binding sites (orientation, density, etc.) at the nanoscale has not been achieved yet. The presented work investigates the bioconjugation of epindolidione and quinacridone, two representative semiconductors, with respect to their exposed amine‐functionalities. Relying on the biotin‐avidin lock‐and‐key system and applying the atomic force microscopy (AFM) derivative topography and recognition (TREC) imaging, we used activated biotin to flag crystal‐faces with exposed amine functional groups. Contrary to previous studies, biotin bonds were found to be stable towards removal by autolysis. The resolution strength and clear recognition capability makes TREC‐AFM a valuable tool in the investigation of bio‐conjugated, hydrogen‐bonded semiconductors.
Body‐related cognitive distortions (thought–shape fusion body) associated with thin‐ideal exposure in female students—An ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Wyssen Andrea , Leins Judith , Reichenberger Julia , Blechert Jens , Munsch Simone , Steins‐Loeber Sabine 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEtiological models of eating disorders (EDs) describe body dissatisfaction (BD)as one of the major influences fostering dysfunctional body‐related behaviour and disordered eating behaviour. BD is influenced by repeated exposure to thin ideals that evoke high self‐ideal discrepancy and result in body‐related cognitive distortions such as thought–shape fusion body (TSF‐B). The aim of this study was to investigate the covariation of daily media exposure and the experience of TSF‐B in a naturalistic setting. It was further analysed whether TSF‐B is associated with self‐ideal discrepancy, dysfunctional body‐related behaviour, and disordered eating behaviour. Moreover, person‐related predictors of TSF‐B were explored. Altogether, 51healthy female students (mean age 21.06years, SD = 1.76) participated in an ecological momentary assessment study with four daily surveys during 10consecutive days. Exposure with thin ideals in contrast to exposure to unspecific media contents went along with the experience of TSF‐B. TSF‐B was associated with higher self‐ideal discrepancy and dysfunctional body‐related behaviour as well as more pronounced disordered eating behaviour, suggesting that TSF‐B is a common phenomenon in young healthy females' everyday life. A main effect of trait measures (e.g., pre‐existing BD) on TSF‐B was observable but has no moderating effect. Thus, a specific vulnerability has not been detected.
Assessment of Maternal and Fetal Dolutegravir Exposure by Integrating Ex Vivo Placental Perfusion Data and Physiologically‐Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling
Authors: Freriksen Jolien J.M. , Schalkwijk Stein , Colbers Angela P. , Abduljalil Khaled , Russel Frans G.M. , Burger David M. , Greupink Rick 
Published: December 2019

Antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy reduces the risk of vertical HIV‐1 transmission. However, drug dosing is challenging as pharmacokinetics (PK) may be altered during pregnancy. We combined a pregnancy physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach with data on placental drug transfer to simulate maternal and fetal exposure to dolutegravir (DTG). First, a PBPK model for DTG exposure in healthy volunteers was established based on physiological and DTG PK data. Next, the model was extended with a fetoplacental unit using transplacental kinetics obtained by performing ex vivo dual‐side human cotyledon perfusion experiments. Simulations of fetal exposure after maternal dosing in the third trimester were in accordance with clinically observed DTG cord blood data. Furthermore, the predicted fetal trough plasma concentration (Ctrough) following 50 mg q.d. dosing remained above the concentration that results in 90% of viral inhibition. Our integrated approach enables simulation of maternal and fetal DTG exposure, illustrating this to be a promising way to assess DTG PK during pregnancy.