bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanochemical synthesis of nanophotocatalysts SiO2/TiO2/Fe2O3: their structural, thermal and photocatalytic properties
Authors: Kucio Karolina , Charmas Barbara , Pasieczna-Patkowska Sylwia , Zięzio Magdalena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the study the mechanochemical synthesis was used to prepare photocatalytic materials based on TiO2, SiO2, and Fe2O3. During the preparation the impact of composition, milling speed, and calcination process on the properties of the composites was investigated. The structural and thermal properties of photocatalysts were determined using the N2 adsorption/desorption, XRD, and FT-IR/PAS methods. The thermal stability of the obtained materials was also examined (TG/DTG). Moreover, their photocatalytic activity was tested in relation to Methylene Blue at UV and Vis radiation. The results indicate that the mechanochemical synthesis in the high-energy planetary mill is an effective method for obtaining materials with photocatalytic properties at the UV and Vis radiation. It was shown that the removal process of MB may be described by the pseudo-first-order kinetics.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacterales in stool surveillance cultures of preterm infants are no risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis: a retrospective case–control study over 12 years
Authors: Eberhart Martin , Grisold Andrea , Lavorato Michela , Resch Elisabeth , Trobisch Andreas , Resch Bernhard 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeMicrobial dysbiosis has been found preceding necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants; thus, we aimed to investigate whether there is evidence that neonates with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) positive stool cultures are at higher risk for NEC at the NICU.MethodsWe included very preterm inborn infants of ≤ 32 weeks of gestational age being fecal carriers of ESBL-E and compared them with 1:1 matched (gestational age, birth weight, gender and year) controls tested negative for ESBL-E in the stool between 2005 and 2016. An association with NEC was defined as the first detection of ESBL-E before or at the time of definite diagnosis of NEC.ResultsDuring the study period, we diagnosed 217 infants with a total of 270 ESBL-E. We identified ten different species with ESBL-producingKlebsiella oxytocabeing the most common one (46%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (19%), andCitrobacter freundii(17%). Ten out of 217 infants had any kind of NEC in the case group compared to two of the controls (p < 0.01), but only four cases with predefined criteria were associated with NEC ≥ stage IIa (1.8 vs. 0.5%,p = 0.089, OR 4.1, CI95% 0.45–36.6). NEC mortality rate was 2/8 (25%).ConclusionsWe observed a threefold increase of ESBL-E in stool surveillance cultures during study time and germs were dominated by ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. There was no evidence that preterm infants colonized with ESBL-E in the stool were at higher risk for definite NEC.
Capital Market Equilibrium With Imperfect Competition: The Case of the ECB’s Asset Purchase Programme
Authors: Koziol Christian , Neus Werner 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe set up a multiperiod, CAPM-type model with imperfect competition between investors in case of an additional price-insensitive market participant. The motivation for this additional actor comes from the ECB’s announcement to buy a substantial amount of securities “whatever it takes” which reflects the willingness to trade in a entirely price-inelastic way. Our model explains the effects on demand functions, equilibrium prices, portfolio holdings and investors’ expected utility. The interaction of price-inelastic additional demand by the ECB, on the one hand, and imperfect competition, on the other hand, causes differentiated results regarding timing strategies, development of prices over time, and utility implications.
Is there a silver bullet to stop cybercrime?
Authors: Richardson James 
Published: May 2020

While the benefits of the latest mobile devices, smart capabilities or automated processes can't be disputed, the need to be constantly vigilant goes hand-in-hand with them. This is especially true for businesses and banks, pressured by tech-savvy vendors and customers to adopt the latest payment methods. Fraud continues to be a top concern, and dealing with it is a constant battle. However, with the right mix of fraud controls and resources, there is a way to gain the advantage, says James Richardson of Bottomline Technologies. As we embark on the new decade, the growth of technological advancements and innovations continues to accelerate. Not surprisingly, the impact and influence that technology has on our personal and professional lives deepens and expands accordingly. But while the quantitative and qualitative benefits of the latest mobile device, smart capability or automated process can't be disputed, the need to be constantly vigilant goes hand-in-hand.
The Many, the Wise, and the Marginalized: The Endoxic Method andThe Second Sex
Authors: Lakey Heather 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this article, I propose that Simone de Beauvoir'sThe Second Sexinstantiates a version of the endoxic method, a philosophical strategy practiced originally by Aristotle. After summarizing the methodological principles and the philosophical benefits of Aristotle's method, I argue that Beauvoir improves upon Aristotle's endoxic practice through her heightened focus on theendoxaof minority groups, in this case women. Despite this improvement, Beauvoir replicates some of Aristotle's mistakes with her exclusive focus on the experiences of white French women. I address problems of epistemological bias that arise with the endoxic method, and I hypothesize strategies to manage these biases. I conclude that the endoxic method offers a promising resource for feminist philosophers if we retrofit the method to include an intersectional lens and a practice of epistemic humility. My reading of the endoxic method complements feminist scholarship that readsThe Second Sexas a phenomenological investigation. Thus, I suggest that future research exploring the relationship between the endoxic method and phenomenology could generate important insights regarding feminist methodologies and social activism.
Phenomenological characteristics and explanations of unusual perceptual experiences, thoughts and beliefs in a population sample of early adolescents
Authors: Coughlan H. , Healy C. , Humphries N. , Clarke M. , Kelleher I. , Cannon M. 
Published: May 2020

Objectives:Often referred to as psychotic experiences, unusual perceptual experiences, thoughts and beliefs (UPTBs) are not uncommon in youth populations. Phenomenological studies of these experiences are lacking. This study aimed to (1) describe the phenomenological characteristics of UPTBs in a sample of young adolescents and (2) explore how young people made sense of those experiences.Methods:Participants were 53 young people aged 11–13 years from a population-based study of mental health. All met criteria for UPTBs following clinical interviews as part of the study. Documentary data on UPTBs in the form of transcribed notes, recorded during clinical interviews, were analysed using content analysis. Data on UPTBs were coded, organised into categorical themes and quantified using descriptive statistics. Qualitative themes on how participants made sense of their experiences were identified.Results:Participants reported UPTBs across four domains: auditory verbal, auditory non-verbal, non-auditory perceptual experiences and unusual thoughts and beliefs. UPTBs were phenomenologically rich and diverse. Young people sought to make sense of their experiences in multiple ways: normalising them, externalising them by attributing them to paranormal entities and distancing them from psychiatric explanations. Uncertainty about the source of UPTBs was identified as a superordinate theme.Conclusion:Findings from this study offer new insights into the phenomenological qualities and characteristics of UPTBs in young adolescents. They also reveal that early adolescents may not make sense of their experiences within a psychiatric framework. These findings highlight the need to develop a more phenomenologically sensitive and nuanced approach to studying UPTBs in young people.
Angle of repose experiments with snow: role of grain shape and cohesion
Authors: Willibald Carolin , Löwe Henning , Theile Thiemo , Dual Jürg , Schneebeli Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSnow appears as a granular material in most engineering applications. We examined the role of grain shape and cohesion in angle of repose experiments, which are a common means for the characterization of granular materials. The role of shape was examined by investigating diverse snow types with discernable shape and spherical ice beads. Two geometrical shape parameters were calculated from X-ray micro-computed-tomography images after a particle segmentation was performed with a watershed algorithm. Cohesion was examined by conducting experiments at six different temperatures between −40 and −2°C, assuming sintering as its cause, which accelerates with increasing temperature. As a cohesionless reference, experiments with glass beads were performed. We found that both shape and cohesion exerted about equally strong influence on the angle of repose. We utilized our results for an empirical model that describes the influence of shape and cohesion as additive corrections of the angle of repose of cohesionless spheres and explains all experiments with a correlation coefficient r2 = 0.95. With temperature and the chosen shape parameter as fitting variables, previous experiments with another snow type could be consistently included. The experiments highlight the relevance of these parameters in granular snow mechanics and can be used for model calibration.
Patterns of Cognitive Test Scores and Symptom Complaints in Persons with TBI Who Failed Performance Validity Testing
Authors: Sherer Mark , Sander Angelle M. , Ponsford Jennie , Vos Leia , Poritz Julia M.P. , Ngan Esther , Leon Novelo Luis 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjective:To determine clinically meaningful subgroups of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who have failed performance validity testing.Method:Study participants were selected from a cohort of 674 participants with definitive medical evidence of TBI. Participants were those who failed performance validity testing (the Word Memory Test, using the standard cutoffs). Participants were administered cognitive tests and self-report questionnaires. Test and questionnaire results were summarized as 12 dimension scores. Cluster analysis using the k-means method was performed.Results:Cluster analysis for the 143 retained participants indicated three subgroups. These subgroups differed on patterns of scores. Subgroup 1 was impaired for memory and had no excessive complaints. Subgroup 2 had impaired memory and processing speed as well as concern regarding cognition function. Subgroup 3 showed impairment on all cognitive tests and excess complaints in multiple areas.Conclusions:These results provide a preliminary basis for improved understanding of poor performance validity.
Is There a Functional Relation Between Set Shifting and Hyperactivity in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?
Authors: Irwin Lauren N. , Groves Nicole B. , Soto Elia F. , Kofler Michael J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjective:Replicated evidence indicates that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show disproportionate increases in hyperactivity/physical movement when their underdeveloped executive functions are taxed. However, our understanding of hyperactivity’s relation with set shifting is limited, which is surprising given set shifting’s importance as the third core executive function alongside working memory and inhibition. The aim of this study was to experimentally examine the effect of imposing set shifting and inhibition demands on objectively measured activity level in children with and without ADHD.Method:The current study used a validated experimental manipulation to differentially evoke set shifting, inhibition, and general cognitive demands in a carefully phenotyped sample of children aged 8–13 years with ADHD (n = 43) and without ADHD (n = 34). Activity level was sampled during each task using multiple, high-precision actigraphs; total hyperactivity scores (THS) were calculated.Results:Results of the 2 × 5 Bayesian ANOVA for hyperactivity revealed strong support for a main effect of task (BF10 = 1.79 × 1018, p < .001, ω2 = .20), such that children upregulated their physical movement in response to general cognitive demands and set shifting demands specifically, but not in response to increased inhibition demands. Importantly, however, this manipulation did not disproportionally increase hyperactivity in ADHD as demonstrated by significant evidence against the task × group interaction (BF01 = 18.21, p = .48, ω2 = .002).Conclusions:Inhibition demands do not cause children to upregulate their physical activity. Set shifting produces reliable increases in children’s physical movement/hyperactivity over and above the effects of general cognitive demands but cannot specifically explain hyperactivity in children with ADHD.
Food insecurity and psychological distress in Inuit adolescents of Nunavik
Authors: Bradette-Laplante Maude , Courtemanche Yohann , Desrochers-Couture Mireille , Forget-Dubois Nadine , Bélanger Richard E , Ayotte Pierre , Jacobson Joseph L , Jacobson Sandra W , Muckle Gina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjective:The present study aims at measuring the association between household food insecurity and psychological distress in adolescents in Inuit communities, concurrently and overtime from childhood to adolescence.Design:The study used measures of internalising behaviours (anxiety, withdrawn attitude, somatic complaints and depression) as indicators of psychological distress during adolescence, a concurrent measure of household food insecurity in adolescence and an assessment of longitudinal patterns of household food insecurity from childhood to adolescence. We collected descriptive information at birth, childhood and adolescence on potential confounders.Setting:Inuit communities of Nunavik in northern Quebec, CanadaParticipants:The study consisted of 212 participants from the Nunavik Child Development Study, who have been assessed at birth, childhood (mean age = 11 years, range = 9–13 years) and adolescence (mean age = 18 years, range = 16–21 years).Results:Concurrent severe household food insecurity in adolescence was associated with higher measures of psychological distress: depression (βstd = 0·26, P < 0·01) and withdrawn attitude (βstd = 0·20, P = 0·04). Persistent household food insecurity (both at childhood and adolescence) was associated with higher levels of adolescent depression (βstd = 0·18, P = 0·02) and anxiety (βstd = 0·17, P = 0·03).Conclusions:Adolescents from Nunavik living with higher food insecurity and those having experienced food insecurity in both childhood and adolescence were more likely to report symptoms of psychological distress. Considering the high level of distress experienced by young Inuit, existing initiatives to reduce food insecurity in Nunavik communities should be targeted to include children and adolescents.
p190A inactivating mutations cause aberrant RhoA activation and promote malignant transformation via the Hippo-YAP pathway in endometrial cancer
Authors: Wen Xiaoli , Wan Jing , He Qizhi , Wang Mengfei , Li Shuangdi , Jiang Mei , Qian Zhen , Liu Binya , Lu Wen , Wang Kai , Gao Kun , Wan Xiaoping 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Rho family of GTPases is strictly regulated by a large family of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that stimulate the relatively weak intrinsic GTP-hydrolyzing activity of Rho GTPases. p190A is a potent and widely expressed GAP that acts on RhoA GTPases. p190A is frequently mutated in endometrial cancer, but the contribution of p190A mutations to endometrial tumorigenesis remains unclear. Here we identified that p190A is an upstream regulator of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway, which is a critical regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell fate. p190A knockout in endometrial cancer cells promoted cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), which were partially dependent on YAP activation. Wild-type p190A, but not endometrial cancer-associated mutants, suppressed the nuclear localization, transcriptional activity, and malignant transformation function of YAP. Moreover, the nuclear localization of YAP was enhanced in p190A-mutated endometrial cancer. These findings reveal novel molecular mechanisms underlying Hippo-YAP pathway-driven endometrial tumorigenesis and elucidate the potential for therapy targeting the Hippo-YAP pathway in p190A-mutated endometrial cancer.
Analysis of a cohort of 279 patients with hairy-cell leukemia (HCL): 10 years of follow-up
Authors: Paillassa Jerome , Cornet Edouard , Noel Stephanie , Tomowiak Cecile , Lepretre Stephane , Vaudaux Sandrine , Dupuis Jehan , Devidas Alain , Joly Bertrand , Petitdidier-Lionnet Charlotte , Haiat Stephanie , Mariette Clara , Thieblemont Catherine , Decaudin Didier , Validire-Charpy Patricia , Drenou Bernard , Eisenmann Jean-Claude , Uribe Mario Ojeda , Olivrie Agnès , Touati Mohamed , Lambotte Olivier , Hermine Olivier , Karsenti Jean-Michel , Feugier Pierre , Vaillant Willy , Gutnecht Jean , Lippert Eric , Huysman Fabienne , Ghomari Kamel , Boubaya Marouane , Levy Vincent , Riou Jeremie , Damaj Gandhi , Tanguy-Schmidt Aline , Hunault-Berger Mathilde , Troussard Xavier 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn total, 279 patients with hairy-cell leukemia (HCL) were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 10 years. Data were collected up to June 2018. We analyzed responses to treatment, relapses, survival, and the occurrence of second malignancies during follow-up. The median age was 59 years. In total, 208 patients (75%) were treated with purine analogs (PNAs), either cladribine (159) or pentosatin (49), as the first-line therapy. After a median follow-up of 127 months, the median overall survival was 27 years, and the median relapse-free survival (RFS) was 11 years. The cumulative 10-year relapse incidence was 39%. In patients receiving second-line therapy, the median RFS was 7 years. For the second-line therapy, using the same or another PNA was equivalent. We identified 68 second malignancies in 59 patients: 49 solid cancers and 19 hematological malignancies. The 10-year cumulative incidences of cancers, solid tumors, and hematological malignancies were 15%, 11%, and 5.0%, respectively, and the standardized incidence ratios were 2.22, 1.81, and 6.67, respectively. In multivariate analysis, PNA was not a risk factor for second malignancies. HCL patients have a good long-term prognosis. PNAs are the first-line treatment. HCL patients require long-term follow-up because of their relatively increased risk of second malignancies.
Ab initio phase diagram and nucleation of gallium
Authors: Niu Haiyang , Bonati Luigi , Piaggi Pablo M. , Parrinello Michele 
Published: May 2020

AbstractElemental gallium possesses several intriguing properties, such as a low melting point, a density anomaly and an electronic structure in which covalent and metallic features coexist. In order to simulate this complex system, we construct an ab initio quality interaction potential by training a neural network on a set of density functional theory calculations performed on configurations generated in multithermal–multibaric simulations. Here we show that the relative equilibrium between liquid gallium, α-Ga, β-Ga, and Ga-II is well described. The resulting phase diagram is in agreement with the experimental findings. The local structure of liquid gallium and its nucleation into α-Ga and β-Ga are studied. We find that the formation of metastable β-Ga is kinetically favored over the thermodinamically stable α-Ga. Finally, we provide insight into the experimental observations of extreme undercooling of liquid Ga.
High-resolution annotation of the mouse preimplantation embryo transcriptome using long-read sequencing
Authors: Qiao Yunbo , Ren Chao , Huang Shisheng , Yuan Jie , Liu Xingchen , Fan Jiao , Lin Jianxiang , Wu Susu , Chen Qiuzhen , Bo Xiaochen , Li Xiangyang , Huang Xingxu , Liu Zhen , Shu Wenjie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe transcriptome of the preimplantation mouse embryo has been previously annotated by short-read sequencing, with limited coverage and accuracy. Here we utilize a low-cell number transcriptome based on the Smart-seq2 method to perform long-read sequencing. Our analysis describes additional novel transcripts and complexity of the preimplantation transcriptome, identifying 2280 potential novel transcripts from previously unannotated loci and 6289 novel splicing isoforms from previously annotated genes. Notably, these novel transcripts and isoforms with transcription start sites are enriched for an active promoter modification, H3K4me3. Moreover, we generate a more complete and precise transcriptome by combining long-read and short-read data during early embryogenesis. Based on this approach, we identify a previously undescribed isoform of Kdm4dl with a modified mRNA reading frame and a novel noncoding gene designated XLOC_004958. Depletion of Kdm4dl or XLOC_004958 led to abnormal blastocyst development. Thus, our data provide a high-resolution and more precise transcriptome during preimplantation mouse embryogenesis.
Perfect short-range ordered alloy with line-compound-like properties in the ZnSnN2:ZnO system
Authors: Pan Jie , Cordell Jacob J. , Tucker Garritt J. , Zakutayev Andriy , Tamboli Adele C. , Lany Stephan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe present a new solid-state material phase which is a disordered solid solution but offers many ordered line-compound features. The emergent physical phenomena are rooted in the perfect short-range order which conserves the local octet rule. We model the dual-sublattice-mixed semiconductor alloy $${\mathrm{(ZnSnN}}_{\mathrm{2}}{\mathrm{)}}_{1 - x}{\mathrm{(ZnO)}}_{2x}$$

(ZnSnN

2

)

1
−
x

(ZnO)

2
x

using first-principles calculations, Monte-Carlo simulations with a model Hamiltonian, and an extension of the regular solution model by incorporating short-range order. We demonstrate that this unique solid solution, occurring at a “magic” composition, can provide an electronically pristine character without disorder-induced charge localization and, therefore, a superior carrier transport similar to ordered phases. Interestingly, this phase shows singularities that are absent in the conventional solid-solution models, such as the regular solution and band-gap bowing model. Thermodynamically, this alloy phase has a sharply reduced enthalpy at its composition (like a line compound), but it still requires the entropy from long-range disorder to be stabilized at experimentally accessible temperatures.