bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes of hypofractionated radiotherapy for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Authors: Lee Sang Min , Im Jung Ho , Shin Hyun Soo , Lew Helen 
Published: August 2020

Objective: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of hypofractionated orbital radiotherapy applied in the treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients. Methods: Between 2014 and 2018, we retrospectively reviewed the cases of 28 patients with TAO. All patients underwent radiotherapy on both retroocular tissues and received an oral steroid. Patients were divided into two treatment groups: 14 patients received conventional fractionated radiotherapy (20 Gy in 10 fractions), and the second group of 14 patients received hypofractionated radiotherapy (20 Gy in five fractions). The clinical activity score (CAS), NOSPECS (No physical signs or symptoms, Only signs, Soft tissue involvement, Proptosis, Extraocular muscle signs, Corneal involvement, and Sight loss) classification, Hess screen test and binocular single vision (BSV) were evaluated to determine the response to treatment before and at 1 month after radiotherapy. Results: There were no significant differences in any of the variables between the two treatment groups. In both groups, the CAS and NOSPECS score decreased significantly, and the range of extraocular muscle motility in Hess screen test and BSV improved significantly after radiotherapy (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences in CAS, NOSPECS score, Hess screen test or BSV between the two groups. No radiation-related, acute severe toxicity was observed. Conclusion: Hypofractionated radiotherapy for TAO produced a comparable clinical outcome to that of conventional fractionated radiotherapy. Further case accumulation and long-term follow-up are required to determine if late toxicity occurs and to confirm efficacy. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study to show that the efficacy and risk of adverse events are comparable between hypofractionated radiotherapy and conventional radiotherapy in the treatment of TAO.
A impossibilidade de desvinculação de receita de doação ao Fundo Municipal da Criança e do Adolescente
Authors: De Azevedo Marques Neto Floriano , Pinheiro Hendrick 
Published: August 2020

The impossibility of untying donation revenues for the Child and Teenager Protection Fund RESUMOArtigo exploratório-descritivo elaborado com o emprego de revisão bibliográfica que aborda a impossibilidade de desvinculação de receita de doação ao Fundo Municipal da Criança e do Adolescente (Fumcad). Analisa a regulamentação jurídica do Fumcad, com foco para as regras de vinculação e afetação deste fundo. Detalha a regra de desvinculação das receitas municipais, com foco para estabelecer seu alcance em relação às receitas de doação. Ao final, trata da questão da impossibilidade de desvinculação dos recursos de doação em face da proteção constitucional ao ato jurídico perfeito. Conclui-se que a regra constitucional de desvinculação das receitas municipais não atinge as receitas de doação, pois estas não são objeto de regra de vinculação legal, mas apenas bens destinados por ato de manifestação de vontade em uma doação com encargo, sendo a destinação contratual dos recursos protegida pela incidência da garantia do ato jurídico perfeito. ABSTRACTIt is a descriptive exploratory article elaborated from a bibliographical review that deals with the impossibility of untying donation revenues for the child and teenager protection fund. It addresses Fumcad’s legal regulation, focusing on the rules of earmarking and affectation in this fund. It details the municipal revenue untying rule, focusing on establishing its scope in relation to donation revenues. In the end, it deals with the impossibility of untying donation resources because of constitutional protection to the perfect legal act. It concludes that the constitutional rule of untying municipal revenues does not reach the donation revenues, as they are not the object of legal binding rule, only assets destined by manifestation of will in a donation with charge, being the contractual destination protected by the effect of the guarantee of the legal act.
A celebração de termos ou compromissos de ajustamento de conduta: cláusulas leoninas e a advocacia pública como instrumento de construção do consenso
Authors: Guilherme Leitão Rômulo , Nogueira Kaur Diego 
Published: August 2020

Conclusion of conduct adjustment terms or commitments: leonine clauses and public advocacy as a consensus building tool RESUMOAborda-se a consensualidade administrativa de modo a contextualizar a historicidade da construção do consenso aos dias atuais. Pontuam-se os modelos de administração pública, bem como a independência dos advogados públicos perante o texto constitucional e sua intervenção eficaz à consensualidade. Identificam-se instrumentos de consenso perante o poder público e o cenário legislativo de consensualidade. Conceituase o TAC abordando sua natureza jurídica e necessidade de aperfeiçoamento, de modo a estabelecer uma releitura e ressignificação de seu conteúdo. Identificam-se cláusulas leoninas e impositivas, assim como as consequências de celebração de ajustes com este viés. Propugnam-se limites à celebração e conteúdo de tais termos, inserindo a advocacia pública como instrumento de controle e efetivação consensual de tais compromissos de conduta perante o poder público. ABSTRACTAdministrative consensus is approached in order to contextualize the historicity of consensus building to the present day. The models of public administration, as well as the independence of public lawyers from the constitutional text and their effective intervention to consensuality are punctuated. Consensus instruments are identified before the Government and a consensual legislative scenario. The TAC is conceptualized, addressing its legal nature and need for improvement, in order to establish a rereading and resignification of its content. We identify leonine and tax clauses, as well as the consequences of making adjustments with this bias. Limits to the celebration and content of such terms are advocated, including the Public Advocacy as an instrument of control and consensual implementation of such conduct commitments before the Government.
Existem cláusulas exorbitantes nos contratos administrativos?
Authors: Arruda Câmara Jacintho , Peresi de Souza Ana Paula 
Published: August 2020

Are there exorbitant clauses in administrative contracts? RESUMOO estudo questiona a narrativa segundo a qual, no direito positivo brasileiro, existiria um regime jurídico de exorbitância a favorecer a posição da administração pública em seus contratos, algo sem paralelo no direito contratual comum. A conclusão apresentada é a de que as chamadas cláusulas exorbitantes dos contratos administrativos, na prática, não são excepcionais, como sugere sua previsão em lei, de modo que não conferem poderes extraordinários à administração pública contratante. As prerrogativas conferidas à administração pela lei de contratações públicas são semelhantes à posição normal dos contratantes nas relações contratuais estabelecidas exclusivamente entre particulares. ABSTRACTThis work questions the understanding that Brazilian statutory law would set forth privilege clauses favoring Public Administration in public contracts, which would be unparalleled in common civil contracts. The conclusion presented is that the so-called privilege clauses are in practice not exceptional as statutory law suggests since they do not convey extraordinary powers to Public Administration as contracting party. These powers conveyed to Public Administration by statutory legislation regarding public contract are indeed similar to powers set in some contracts executed between private parties.
Using a knowledge exchange event to assess study participants’ attitudes to research in a rapidly evolving research context
Authors: Beange Iona , Kirkham Elizabeth J. , Fletcher-Watson Sue , Iveson Matthew H. , Lawrie Stephen M. , Batty G. David , Boardman James P. , Deary Ian J. , Black Corri , Porteous David J. , McIntosh Andrew M. 
Published: August 2020

Background: The UK hosts some of the world’s longest-running longitudinal cohort studies, which make repeated observations of their participants and use these data to explore health outcomes. An alternative method for data collection is record linkage; the linking together of electronic health and administrative records. Applied nationally, this could provide unrivalled opportunities to follow a large number of people in perpetuity. However, public attitudes to the use of data in research are currently unclear. Here we report on an event where we collected attitudes towards recent opportunities and controversies within health data science. Methods: The event was attended by ~250 individuals (cohort members and their guests), who had been invited through the offices of their participating cohort studies. There were a series of presentations describing key research results and the audience participated in 15 multiple-choice questions using interactive voting pads. Results: Our participants showed a high level of trust in researchers (87% scoring them 4/5 or 5/5) and doctors (81%); but less trust in commercial companies (35%). They supported the idea of researchers using information from both neonatal blood spots (Guthrie spots) (97% yes) and from electronic health records (95% yes). Our respondents were willing to wear devices like a ’Fit-bit’ (88% agreed) or take a brain scan that might predict later mental illness (73%). However, they were less willing to take a new drug for research purposes (45%). They were keen to encourage others to take part in research; whether that be offering the opportunity to pregnant mothers (97% agreed) or extending invitations to their own children and grandchildren (98%). Conclusions: Our participants were broadly supportive of research access to data, albeit less supportive when commercial interests were involved. Public engagement events that facilitate two-way interactions can influence and support future research and public engagement efforts.
A Padroeira - Por um direito ao olhar
Authors: Jesus Junior Clementino Luiz de , Sánchez Celso , Pereira Dulce Maria 
Published: August 2020

O artigo narra a percepção construída pelo cineasta Clementino Junior do processo de uma comunidade cujo deslocamento forçado ocorrera devido ao rompimento da barragem de Fundão, na zona rural de Mariana, Minas Gerais. Os movimentos de uma atingida ativista, Luzia, conduzem o cineasta ao registrar uma celebração à padroeira do Brasil. Entre as paredes da igreja, cobertas de lama do desastre tecnológico da Samarco, como no cortejo, o realizador interpreta o território. A comunidade de Paracatu de Baixo manifestava ali resistência ao distanciamento forçado da vida construída na localidade.
Extension of refocus depth range in digital holographic microscopy
Authors: Tang Ming , Yuan Tang Zhi , Qiao Xin , Qi Lang Kai , Sun Yi , Ping Wang Xiao 
Published: August 2020

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) suffers from a limited refocus depth range due to the employed microscope objective. The relationship between the refocus depth range of the DHM system and its optical parameters is studied theoretically and experimentally, and a method is proposed that combines wavefront coding with bicubic interpolation and extrapolation iteration to extend the refocus depth range. For obtaining a uniform point spread function on the refocus plane, a propagator kernel in numerical reconstruction is multiplied by a numerical logarithmic phase mask, and a deviation of the refocus distance is made. To improve the resolution of the refocused image, the size of the hologram is doubly enlarged. This approach can extend the refocus depth range from 0.9 up to 1.5 mm. This work provides important guidance for high-resolution imaging with a large refocus depth range in DHM.
Association of BMI measurements to waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio in overweight and obese children
Authors: Irenewati Sindy , Arkhaesi Nahwa , Wistiani Wistiani 
Published: August 2020

Background Early monitoring of visceral fat is important to prevent the worsening of obesity in children. In recent years, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) measurements have gained attention as an anthropometric indexes for obesity in children. They are an easy-to-use, inexpensive, specific to visceral fat and safe monitoring methods for children. International reference values, however, do not exist for any of the two measures to determine obesity in children.
Objective To compare WC and WHtR to body mass index (BMI) status in overweight and obese children aged 10-12 years.
Methods This cross-sectional study included overweight and obese children aged 10-12 years from four primary schools in Semarang, Central Java. Subjects underwent anthropometric measurements including weight, height, and waist circumference. Subjects were classified as obese (≥P95) or overweight (P85≤P<P95) using BMI percentiles according to age and sex. Chi-square test was used to assess for associations between categorical variables and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify a dominant variable.
Results Forty-two obese and 23 overweight children were studied. Children with higher values of WC (PR=1.879) and WHtR (PR=8.352) had a higher prevalence of having higher BMI status (obese). Using multivariate analysis, WHtR was the more dominant variable associated with BMI status, compared to WC.
Conclusion Higher WC (cut off P90) and WHtR (cut off 0.5) have a significant associations with greater obesity children aged 10-12 years. Compared to WC, WHtR is a stronger predictive factor for obesity.
Proposição de um índice de desempenho ambiental da manutenção rodoviária
Authors: Rodrigues Roque Rodrigo , Fontenele Heliana Barbosa 
Published: August 2020

O desenvolvimento e o atendimento às diretrizes propostas nos programas ambientais são fundamentais para minimizar os impactos gerados pelas obras de manutenção rodoviária. Portanto, o objetivo da pesquisa é desenvolver um Índice de Desempenho Ambiental da Manutenção Rodoviária. O índice é composto por 59 indicadores ambientais criados com base na metodologia multicritério construtivista. Os indicadores foram divididos hierarquicamente em grupos e subgrupos e julgados, segundo o método de mensuração de atratividade com uso de técnicas de avaliação baseada em categorias. Constatou-se que alguns critérios são específicos para o local e a realidade dos especialistas entrevistados, entretanto pode ser feita a remoção e redistribuição dos pesos sem alterar o resultado final. Conclui-se que o índice pode ser uma ferramenta versátil para auxiliar o gestor na definição de metas e reconhecimento de condições que necessitam ser aprimoradas.
Avaliação da relação entre comportamentos mecânico e hidráulico para lastro ferroviário
Authors: Diógenes Daianne Fernandes , Castelo Branco Verônica Teixeira Franco , Motta Laura Maria Goretti 
Published: August 2020

O desempenho da camada de lastro ferroviário é dependente das características físicas, mecânicas e hidráulicas, bem como das características de outros componentes, como veículo e velocidade da via. Este estudo objetiva avaliar materiais de lastro, em diversas fases de aplicação, quanto ao comportamento mecânico e hidráulico. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios tradicionais de forma de agregados, ensaios avançados de propriedades de forma de agregados com o uso do processamento digital de imagens, módulo de resiliência, deformação permanente e condutividade hidráulica. Os resultados mostraram que uma maior deformação axial permanente não, necessariamente, implica em menor condutividade hidráulica, para os materiais avaliados nesse estudo. O comportamento mecânico foi alterado a partir das modificações nas propriedades de forma dos agregados (forma 2D e textura), bem como da granulometria. A condutividade hidráulica permaneceu a mesma para os três materiais avaliados, mesmo após a realização dos ensaios mecânicos. No geral, os três materiais foram considerados propícios a sofrerem quebras, mas, embora tenham passado por etapas de construção e operação, todos foram classificados como limpos.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak yang Berhadapan dengan Hukum Melalui Implementasi Diversi di Indonesia
Authors: Ghoni Mahendra Ridwanul , Pujiyono Pujiyono 
Published: August 2020

Saat ini salah satu upaya pencegahan anak-anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum melalui proses peradilan formal adalah melalui penerapan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA). Tujuan pengorganisasian sistem peradilan pidana tidak hanya untuk menjatuhkan sanksi pidana, tetapi untuk lebih fokus pada pertanggungjawaban pelaku kejahatan, yang disebut pendekatan keadilan restoratif. Tujuan keadilan restoratif adalah untuk kesejahteraan anak yang bersangkutan, tanpa mengurangi kepentingan para korban dan masyarakat. Tulisan ini membahas perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum melalui implementasi diversi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda penelitian hukum normatif atau doktrinal. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan bahwa Undang-Undang tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak telah mengatur upaya pengalihan dan pendekatan keadilan restoratif dalam menyelesaikan kasus-kasus anak yang berkonflik dengan hukum. Peranan diversi sebagai upaya perlindungan hak atas perlindungan hak-hak anak diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum. Pada saat anak berhadapan dengan proses peradilan pidana formal, maka dapat dipastikan anak akan kehilangan kebebasannya. Dengan dialihkan, maka kebebasan anak tetap terjamin, dan perampasan kemerdekaan terhadap mereka dapat dihindari. Diversi (pengalihan) menjadi suatu upaya yang sangat berarti untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum agar dapat memenuhi hak-hak dasar anak.
Tinjauan Hukum Kemandirian Dan Independensi Mahkamah Agung Didalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia
Authors: Permadi Restu , Wisnaeni Fifiana 
Published: August 2020

Mahkamah Agung dalam melaksanakan fungsinya harus diberikan kemandirian organsiasi, terkait pengelolaan Sumber Daya Manusia dan anggaran. Kedua hal tersebut akan sangat berpengaruh kepada kemandirian fungsi judicial Mahkamah Agung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan kemandirian dan independensi pelaksanaan kekuasaan kehakiman oleh Mahkamah Agung, dan menjelaskan tentang konsep ideal pelaksanaan kekuasaan kehakiman oleh Mahkamah Agung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normative. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Kemandirian dan Independensi Mahkamah Agung secara kelembagaan terutama di bidang tugas, fungsi dan susunan organisasi di lingkungan sekertariat dan kepaniteraan Mahkamah Agung mensiratkan adanya intervensi kekuasaan pemerintah (eksekutif). Dibidang pengelolaan finansial, juga tidak sepenuhnya memiliki kemerdekaan didalam menyusun anggaran organisasinya. Konsep ideal penyelenggaraan kekuasaan kehakiman oleh Mahkamah Agung adalah konsep yang mengintegrasikan antara Prinsip Demokrasi, Prinsip Negara Hukum, dan Prinsip Kekuasaan Kehakiman yang Merdeka sebagai satu kesatuan sistem penyelenggaraan kekuasaan negara.
Duality of Moduli and Quasiconformal Mappings in Metric Spaces
Authors: Jones Rebekah , Lahti Panu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We prove a duality relation for the moduli of the family of curves connecting two sets and the family of surfaces separating the sets, in the setting of a complete metric space equipped with a doubling measure and supporting a Poincaré inequality. Then we apply this to show that quasiconformal mappings can be characterized by the fact that they quasi-preserve the modulus of certain families of surfaces.
The Trade-off between Household Expenditures and Smoking Expenditure: Pre and Post Smoking Awareness Ordinance in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Basit , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Government of Pakistan introduced smoking ordinance about health warning in 2009. This ordinance exhibits, prohibit smoking in public places, put restrictions on advertisements, and prohibits sale of cigarettes to minors. This study is to find out the impact of smoking expenditures on food, health, educational, recreational, and electronic expenditures using HIES dataset for 2010–11 and 2015–16. The findings show that share of food and health expenditure increase by 91 and 92% respectively. On the other hand, education and recreation expenditure decrease by 6 and 98% respectively. This is further verified using SUEST test to compare two datasets regressions. The result reveals that food, health, and recreational coefficient are statistically different while education and electronics expenditure remain similar.
Evaluación crítica y meta-análisis de estudios de variación biológica para albúmina glicosilada, glucosa y HbA1c
Authors: Ricós Carmen , Fernández-Calle Pilar , Gonzalez-Lao Elisabet , Simón Margarida , Díaz-Garzón Jorge , Boned Beatriz , Marqués-García Fernando , Minchinela Joana , Perich Maria Carmen , Tejedor-Ganduxé Xavier , Corte Zoraida , Aarsand Aasne K. , Aslan Berna , Carobene Anna , Coskun Abdurrahman , Sandberg Sverre 
Published: August 2020

Resumen

Objetivos
A lo largo de los años se han publicado numerosos artículos sobre variación biológica (VB) de diferente calidad. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron realizar una revisión sistemática y una evaluación crítica de los estudios de VB para albúmina glicosilada y proporcionar datos actualizados de VB para glucosa y HbA1c, incluyendo prestigiosos estudios recientemente publicados como el Estudio de Variación Biológica Europea (EuBIVAS).

Métodos
Se hizo una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática para identificar estudios sobre VB, encontrándose 9 estudios no incluidos en la primera revisión: 4 para albúmina glicosilada, 3 para glucosa y 3 para HbA1c. Se realizó una evaluación crítica de los estudios relevantes, utilizando la herramienta Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC). Se obtuvieron los estimados globales de VB mediante meta-análisis de los estudios que cumplían los requisitos BIVAC, realizados en individuos sanos con estudios de diseño similar.

Resultados
Un estudio recibió el grado A, dos el B y 6 el C. en la mayoría de los casos el grado C se asoció a deficiencias en el análisis estadístico de los datos. Los estimados de VB para albúmina glicosilada fueron: CVI = 1,4%(1,2–2,1) y CVG = 5,7%(4,7–10,6); para HbA1c, CVI = 1,2%(0,3–2,5), CVG = 5,4%(3,3–7,3) y para glucosa, CVI = 5,0%(4,1–12,0), CVG = 8,1%(2,7–10,8) no difirieron de los estimados globales previamente descritos.

Conclusiones
La evaluación crítica y clasificación de los estudios de VB a tenor de su calidad metodológica, seguido de un meta-análisis, genera estimados de VB robustos y fiables. Este estudio proporciona datos de VB para albúmina glicolisada, glucosa y HbA1c actualizados y basados en la evidencia científica.
A Praise Poem of Warad-Sîn, King of Larsa, to Nippur
Authors: Földi Zsombor J. , Zólyomi Gábor 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper publishes a praise poem of Warad-Sîn, king of Larsa. The manuscript, a one-column tablet, comes from a private collection and is unprovenanced. The text might be an excerpt from a longer composition. Its 20 lines long text praises first Nippur, the city of Enlil, then Warad-Sîn speaks in the first person about the commission given to him by Enlil, about his deeds to the city, and about their permanence. The author of this text appears to be familiar both with the literary corpus and the royal inscriptions of the early Old Babylonian period.