bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Chest Tube in Pediatric Caustic Injuries: A New Method for Esophageal Stenting
Authors: Hosseinpour Hamidreza , Salimi Maryam , Shahriarirad Reza , Esfandiari Samira , Pooresmaeel Fatemeh , Foroutan Hamidreza 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The management of caustic esophageal burns in the pediatric population has changed over the years, while the most optimal management with regards to effectiveness, availability, and cost-beneficent stays controvertible. Herein, along with describing the features of caustic injury, we described how to utilize a chest tube for esophageal stenting in pediatrics.Methods: Data regarding the etiology, treatment, and complications of caustic injury pediatrics during 10 years was collected retrospectively. Furthermore, data regarding the patient’s follow-up who underwent esophageal chest tube (ECT) were collected. The ECT was prepared by carving a narrowed section in the chest tube while maintaining the radiopaque section. The ECT will then be positioned from the cricopharyngeal and exited through the nostril and fixed on the patients’ cheek.Results: Data from 57 patients with an average age of 2.5 years was collected. The most common cause of esophageal burn appertained to alkaline agents (89%). Twenty-nine patients (50.8%) recovered with dilatation alone, 16 ones needed esophageal repair, and ECT was inserted for 7 patients. None of the 7 ECT cases required gastrostomy or jejunostomy.Conclusion: The ECT method introduced in our study can be used as a broadly available, economic, and easy-use facility for esophageal stenting, particularly in developing countries and emergency departments which have limited access to modern equipment. Further multicenter studies with higher volume patients are required for further deployment of this method.
MALAT1 Induces Fibroblast Activation to Promote Cancer Progression via Blunting Autophagic Flux and Instigating IL-6 Secretion in Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Zhen-qiang , Wang Xin-jing , Zhang Tian-qi , Su Li-ping , Liu Bingya , Zhu Zheng-gang , Li Chen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAutophagy defection contributes to inflammation dysregulation, which plays an important role in gastric cancer (GC) progression. Various studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNA could function as novel regulators of autophagy. However, the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms by which blockage of autophagy caused by long noncoding RNAs develops cancer progression remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of the long noncoding RNA MALAT1 in the autophagy related inflammation dysregulation of GC progression and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodsThe effect of MALAT1 on autophagy in GC cells was analysed by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. The role of MALAT1 in regulating inflammation dysregulation was evaluated by ELISA, qPCR and immunoblotting. Bioinformatic prediction, RNA immunoprecipitation-qRCP and immunofluorescence were performed to identify the competitive binding relationship among MALAT1, ELAVL1 and PTEN 3'-UTRs.The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was performed to examine STAT3 interaction in the MALAT1 promoter region. Immunoblotting was performed to identify the PTEN/AKT/mTOR and SQSTM1/NF-kb mediated pathways altered by MALAT1. The influence of MALAT1 on fibroblasts activation were determined both in in vitro and in vivo.ResultsWe found that the long noncoding RNA MALAT1 could promote interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion in GC cells by blocking autophagic flux. Moreover, IL-6 induced by MALAT1 could activate normal to cancer-associated fibroblast conversion. The interaction between GC cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts in the tumour microenvironment could facilitate cancer progression. Mechanistically, MALAT1 overexpression destabilized the PTEN mRNA in GC cells by competitively interacting with the RNA-binding protein ELAVL1 to activate the AKT/mTOR pathway for impairing autophagic flux. As the consequence of autophagy inhibition, SQSTM1 accumulation promotes NF-κB translocation to elevate IL-6 expression. Furthermore, STAT3 induced by IL-6 is responsible for upregulation of MALAT1 in GC.ConclusionsOverall, these results demonstrated that intercellular interaction between GC cells and fibroblasts was mediated by autophagy inhibition caused by increased MALAT1 that promote GC progression, providing novel prevention and therapeutic strategies for GC.
Interfering With Hyaluronic Acid Metabolism Suppresses Glioma Cell Proliferation by Regulating Autophagy
Authors: Yan Tao , Chen Xin , Zhan Hua , Yao Penglei , Wang Ning , Yang He , Zhang Cheng , Wang Kaikai , Sun Jingxian , Dong Yu , Lu Enzhou , Zheng Xingzhi , Zhang Ruotian , Wang Xiaoxiong , Ma Jichao , Gao Ming , Ye Junyi , Wang Xinzhuang , Teng Lei , Liu Huailei , Zhao Shiguang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe tumor microenvironment plays an important role in tumor progression. Hyaluronic acid (HA), an important component of the extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment, abnormally accumulates in a variety of tumors. Whereas the role of abnormal HA metabolism in glioma remains unclear. MethodsThe expression level of hyaluronic acid (HA) was analyzed by ELISA assay and proteins such as HAS3, CD44, P62, LC3, CCND1 and CCNB1 were measured with Western blot analysis. The cell viability and proliferation were measured by MTT and KI67 immunofluorescence staining respectively. Autophagic vesicles and autophagosomes were quantified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and GFP-RFP-LC3 fluorescence analysis respectively. Cell cycle was analyzed by flowcytometry and Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to detect expression levels of HA, Ki67, HAS3 and CD44 in human and mouse tumor tissues. Lentivirus constructed HAS3 and CD44 knockout stable glioma cells were transplanted to BALB/C nude mice for in vivo experiments. 4-Methylumbelliferone (4MU) was also used to treat glioma bearing mice for verifing its anti-tumor ability. The expression curve of HAS3, CD44 and the disease-free survival (DFS) curves for HAS3, CD44 in patients with LGG and GBM was performed based on TCGA database. ResultsAs shown in the present study, HA, hyaluronic acid synthase 3 (HAS3) and a receptor of HA named CD44 are expressed at high levels in human glioma tissues and negatively correlated with the prognosis of patients with glioma. Silencing HAS3 or blocking CD44 inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanism was attributed to the inhibition of autophagy flux and further maintaining glioma cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. More importantly, 4-Methylumbelliferone (4-MU), a small competitive inhibitor of UDP with the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), also inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. ConclusionApproaches that interfere with HA metabolism by altering the expression of HAS3 and CD44 and the administration of 4-MU potentially represent effective strategies for glioma treatment.
Elevated Expression of Glycerol-3-phosphate Phosphatase as a Biomarker of Poor Prognosis and Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Lounis Mohamed Amine , Ouellet Veronique , Péant Benjamin , Caron Christine , Li Zhenhong , Madiraju S.R Murthy , Prentki Marc , Masson Anne Marie Mes , Saad Fred 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

BackgroundThe limitations of the biomarker prostate-specific antigen (PSA) necessitate the pursuit of biomarkers capable of better identifying high-risk prostate cancer (PC) patients in order to improve their therapeutic management and outcome. Aggressive prostate tumors characteristically exhibit high rates of glycolysis and lipogenesis. Glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatase (G3PP), also known as phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP), is a recently identified mammalian enzyme, shown to play an important role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, lipogenesis, lipolysis and cellular nutrient excess detoxification. We hypothesized that G3PP is involved in cancer cell growth and assessed the association of its expression with PC patient prognosis. MethodsUsing immunohistochemical staining we assessed the epithelial expression of G3PP in two different radical prostatectomy cohorts with a total of 1797 patients, for whom information on biochemical recurrence (BCR), metastasis and mortality is available. Association between biomarker expression, biochemical recurrence (BCR), bone metastasis and prostate cancer specific survival was established using log-rank and multivariable Cox regression analyses.ResultsHigh expression of G3PP prostate cancer epithelial cells is associated with an increased risk of BCR, bone metastasis and prostate cancer specific mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed high G3PP expression in tumors as an independent predictor of BCR and bone metastasis development. ConclusionsHigh G3PP expression in tumor from patients eligible for prostatectomies is a new and independent prognostic biomarker of poor prognosis and aggressive prostate cancer specifically for recurrence, bone metastasis and mortality.
Long Non-Coding RNA TMEM220-AS1 Suppressed Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Regulating the miR-484/MAGI1 Axis as a Competing Endogenous RNA
Authors: Cao Cong , Li Jun , Li Guangzhi , Hu Gaoyu , Deng Zhihua , Huang Bing , Yang Jing , Li Jiequn , Cao Song 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLong non-coding RNA has a considerable regulative influence in multiple biological processes. Nevertheless, the role of TMEM220-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear.MethodsWe used the TCGA database to analyze differentially expressed lncRNAs. qRT-PCR was used to verify the results in a large population. Afterwards, in vitro effects of TMEM220-AS1 on HCC cells were determined by CCK-8, EdU, Flow cytometry experiment and transwell assays in HCC cells. We adopted qRT-PCR, western blot to identify epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, we adopted bioinformatics analysis, western blot, dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP to investigate underlying molecular mechanisms of TMEM220-AS1 function. Finally, the function of TMEM220-AS1 was verified in vivo.ResultsTMEM220-AS1 was remarkably decreasedin HCC. It was demonstrated that malignant phenotypes and EMT of HCC cells were promoted by knocking TMEM220-AS1 down both in vivo and in vitro. TMEM220-AS1, which was detected distributing mainly in the cytoplasm, worked as a miRNA sponge to sponge miR-484 and promote the level of MAGI1, therefore curbed malignant phenotypes of HCC cells.ConclusionsIn conclusion, downregulation of TMEM220-AS1promotes HCC through miR-484/MAGI1 axis.
Longitudinal CTCs gene expression analysis on metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel reveals new potential prognosis markers
Authors: Pereira-Veiga Tais , González-Conde Miriam , León-Mateos Luis , Piñeiro-Cid Roberto , Abuín Carmen , Muinelo-Romay Laura , Martínez-Fernández Mónica , Iglesias Jenifer Brea , González Jorge García , Anido Urbano , Aguín-Losada Santiago , Cebey Víctor , Costa Clotilde , López-López Rafael 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background:CTCs have extensively used for the monitoring and characterization of metastatic prostate cancer, but their use in the clinic is still very scarce. Besides, the resistance mechanisms linked to prostate cancer treatment remain unclear. Liquid biopsies represent the most promising alternative due to the complexity of biopsying bone metastasis and the duration of the disease. Prostate cancer can last from a few months to many years, where the primary tumour does not represent the molecular features of the advanced stage. Methods:We performed a prospective longitudinal study in CTCs from 20 castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel. For that, we used CellSearch® technology and a custom gene expression panel with qRT-PCR using a CTCs negative enrichment approach.Results:We found that CTCs showed a hybrid phenotype during the disease, where epithelial features were associated with the presence of ≥ 5 CTCs/7.5 mL of blood, while high relative expression of the gene MYCL was observed preferentially in the set of samples with < 5 CTCs/7.5 mL of blood. At baseline, patients whose CTCs had epithelial features showed an early progression. After 1 cycle of docetaxel, high relative expression of ZEB1 indicated worse outcome, while KRT19 and KLK3 high expression predisposed the patients to a worse prognosis at clinical progression.Conclusions:In the present work we describe biomarkers with clinical relevance for the prediction of early response or resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. Besides, we question the utility of targeted isolated CTCs and the use of a limited number of markers to define the CTCs population.
Morocco’s External Performance: An Empirical Assessment of Export Competitiveness Determinants
Authors: Labrar Sara , Elmarhoum Adil 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The objective of this article is to study the external competitiveness of Morocco. To do so, we first make a sectoral analysis of Moroccan international trade. This analysis reveals the sectors and products in which Morocco should specialize, as well as the products in which Morocco has a strong export potential. Then, we study the impact of the introduction of price and cost competitiveness indicators in the export's equations of Armington (1969). Using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) estimated over the period 1988-2017. The principal results confirm that Moroccan external competitiveness can’t be measured only by the price factor. We also show that the competitiveness is also reflected with other factors like cost of production and quality.JEL Classification : C22, F14, F13, O55
The Dynamics and Sources of Technical Efficiency of the Manufacturing Industries in Bangladesh
Authors: Emran Sheikh Jafar , Moniruzzaman Md. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of technical production efficiency of the manufacturing sector in Bangladesh using the cross-sectional data collected under the Survey of Manufacturing Industries (SMI) conducted in 2006 and 2012. Based on the dynamics of mean efficiency scores among the industries derived using Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA) techniquewith Cobb-Douglas technology with half-normal distribution during the considered period three most efficiency gainer industries are ((i) Jute textile,(ii) Dying and bleaching of textiles, and(iii) Bidies respectively. On the other hand, under SFA specification with Translog production function top three efficiency gainers are (i) Jute textile,(ii) Bidies, and(iii) Fish, Crustaceans and Molluses respectively. Under constant returns to scale in Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA), based on the mean efficiency score top three efficiency gainers are(i) Fibre textile,(ii) Embroidery of textile and apparel, and(iii) Wooden furniture and fixture respectively while undervariable returns to scale top three gainers are(i) Fibre textile,(ii) Embroidery of textile and apparel, and(iii) Wooden furniture and fixture respectively. Whatever technique we employ, we find that most cases garments or garments related industries remain among top performers in terms of efficiency gain. This indicates that garments industries have improved significantly in terms of efficiency to survive in world competition. Moreover, our results suggest that firm characteristics, location factors as well as ownership features are more important jointly rather than individually to enhance efficiency. Locational and ownership characteristics jointly, in most cases, are also not so influential in pulling the efficiency measures up. However, the firm characteristics are very important in raising the technical efficiency of the firms, especially in case of stochastic frontier analysis. And firm characteristics shows stronger impacts in interaction with other locational and/or ownership characteristics.
Integration of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy into the ERAS protocol for Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Bao Yang , Dai Xin , Zhao Deming , Ye Xin , Yao Yao , Kong Lingling , Gui Yang , Gao Qihong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective We integrated neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) into the protocol for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in the management of gastric cancer. This study was aimed at investigating the feasibility and effectiveness of this combined approach. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with gastric cancer undergoing cancer treatment at our Department from January 2016 to June 2019. All patients were compliant with the ERAS protocol perioperatively and were divided into an ERAS group and an ERAS + NAC group for the study. The following parameters were compared between the two groups: TNM staging, the choice of the surgical approach, estimated blood loss, operating time, placement of drainage and catheter, the volume of fluid resuscitation in surgery, the volume of fluid resuscitation on the first postoperative day, time to postoperative ambulation, time to first postoperative flatulence, time to first clear liquid diet, time to puree and soft food diet, time of catheter removal, length of hospitalization after surgery, length of hospitalization, complications, mortality, and 30-day readmission rate. Results This study involved 198 patients who were separated into an ERAS group with 143 patients and an ERAS + NAC group with 55 patients. In comparison with the ERAS group, patients in the ERAS + NAC group were not only pathologically diagnosed with later TNM-stage cancers but were also more likely to undergo total gastrectomy. Further comparison revealed no significant differences in all perioperative parameters related to ERAS. In the ERAS group, the length of hospitalization after surgery was 7.5±5.4 days with a range of 3 to 50 days, the length of hospitalization was 12.5±5.5 days with a range of 9 to 56 days, the incidence rate of complications was 11.2%, and the 30-day readmission rate was zero. In the ERAS + NAC group, the LOHAS was 6.9±3.2 days (4-16 days), the LOH was 11.8±3.1 days (5-21 days), and the complication rate was 10.9%. Both groups had zero 30-day readmission rates and zero deaths. Conclusion The ERAS protocol can be feasibly and effectively applied to gastric cancer patients with later TNM stages. Moreover, NAC can be integrated into the ERAS protocol for patients with advanced gastric cancer.
A nomogram to predict prognosis after surgery for young patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Xingchen , Bi Xinyu , Zhao Jianjun , Li Zhiyu , Zhou Jianguo , Huang Zhen , Zhang Yefan , Zhao Hong , Cai Jianqiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Only few studies have been evaluated the clinical characteristics and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in young patients. The purpose of this study is to identify prognostic factors and develop an efficient and practical nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival in young patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Four-hundred-and-forty-one young patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who had undergone surgery from 2004-2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The competing risk model, Lasso and Cox regression were used to screen prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival, and a prognostic nomogram was established using these factors. Thirty-nine young patients with hepatocellular carcinoma from the National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science were used to validate our model. To further evaluate the predictive performance of our model, the concordance index was calculated and the calibration curves were drawn. The clinical usefulness was evaluated by decision curve analysis(DCA). Finally, all patients were grouped by our nomogram. The survival of different risk groups was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the differences among survival curves were compared by the log-rank test.Results The median survival times of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results training group and the external National Cancer Center validation group were 41 and 52 months, respectively. Histological grade, tumor size, Alpha-fetoprotein, T stage, and M stage were selected as independent factors for cancer-specific survival, and a prognostic nomogram was established. The concordance indices of the training and external validation groups were 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72 to 0.80) and 0.92 (se=0.085), respectively. The calibration plots showed good agreement. Decision curve analysis revealed that our nomogram resulted in a better clinical net benefit than the AJCC 7th edition and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging systems. Patients were divided into two risk groups according to the cut-off value of 125 of the total points from our nomogram. Kaplan-Meier plots for cancer-specific survival were performed using the log-rank test, the p-value of which was <0.001.Conclusions The practical nomogram resulted in a more-accurate prognostic prediction for young hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative liver resection.
Outcome of Chondroblastoma Treated With Intralesional Curettage and Autogenous Iliac Bone Graft: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Yang Lei , Yang Panyi , Wang Daoxi , Yang Xiaodong , Li Lang , Tang xueyang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundChondroblastoma is a rare benign tumor mainly occurred in epiphyses and apophyses of long bones, and usually affects the young people. The primary treatment for chondroblastoma is intralesional curettage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical result of patients suffering chondroblastoma treated with intralesional curettage, electrocauterization of the cavity and autogenous iliac bone grafting. MethodsFrom January 2000 to January 2010, 15 patients with chondroblastoma were treated with intralesional curettage and electrocauterization of the cavity, and 14 of them received autogenous iliac bone grafting. After operation, patients were immobilized with splint for 4 weeks and followed up for at least 10 years. The recurrence was examined by clinical manifestation and X ray. The clinical outcome included complications and the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS).ResultsTotally, 15 patients with chondroblastoma were enrolled in our study, including 9 males and 6 females, with a mean age of 13 years old (range from 8 to 21 years). The most common chief compliant were pain and limited joint motion, others including local swelling and increased skin temperature. The mean duration of symptom was 5 months (range from 2-14 months). Tumors mostly affected the proximal humerus (7/15), distal femur (4/15), proximal femur (1/15), proximal tibia (2/15) and femoral head (1/15). With a mean follow up of 12years (range from 10-16 years) , two patients had complications of upper limb shortening and one patient suffered re-operation due to tumor recurrence. The mean postoperative MSTS was 28.1 (range, 24 to 30) points, which was significantly higher than the preoperative score of 17.6 (range, 12 to 21) points.ConclusionsThorough curettage with electrocauterization and autogenous iliac bone grafting has good functional outcomes in the treatment of chondroblastoma, but still has a low risk of recurrence and complications.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, retrospective case series.