bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two adhesive systems cooperatively regulate axon ensheathment and myelin growth in the CNS
Authors: Djannatian Minou , Timmler Sebastian , Arends Martina , Luckner Manja , Weil Marie-Theres , Alexopoulos Ioannis , Snaidero Nicolas , Schmid Bettina , Misgeld Thomas , Möbius Wiebke , Schifferer Martina , Peles Elior , Simons Mikael 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCentral nervous system myelin is a multilayered membrane produced by oligodendrocytes to increase neural processing speed and efficiency, but the molecular mechanisms underlying axonal selection and myelin wrapping are unknown. Here, using combined morphological and molecular analyses in mice and zebrafish, we show that adhesion molecules of the paranodal and the internodal segment work synergistically using overlapping functions to regulate axonal interaction and myelin wrapping. In the absence of these adhesive systems, axonal recognition by myelin is impaired with myelin growing on top of previously myelinated fibers, around neuronal cell bodies and above nodes of Ranvier. In addition, myelin wrapping is disturbed with the leading edge moving away from the axon and in between previously formed layers. These data show how two adhesive systems function together to guide axonal ensheathment and myelin wrapping, and provide a mechanistic understanding of how the spatial organization of myelin is achieved.
Dissecting the molecular evolution of fluoroquinolone-resistant Shigella sonnei
Authors: Chung The Hao , Boinett Christine , Pham Thanh Duy , Jenkins Claire , Weill Francois-Xavier , Howden Benjamin P. , Valcanis Mary , De Lappe Niall , Cormican Martin , Wangchuk Sonam , Bodhidatta Ladaporn , Mason Carl J. , Nguyen To Nguyen Thi , Ha Thanh Tuyen , Voong Vinh Phat , Duong Vu Thuy , Nguyen Phu Huong Lan , Turner Paul , Wick Ryan , Ceyssens Pieter-Jan , Thwaites Guy , Holt Kathryn E. , Thomson Nicholas R. , Rabaa Maia A. , Baker Stephen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractShigella sonneiincreasingly dominates the international epidemiological landscape of shigellosis. Treatment options forS. sonneiare dwindling due to resistance to several key antimicrobials, including the fluoroquinolones. Here we analyse nearly 400 S. sonneiwhole genome sequences from both endemic and non-endemic regions to delineate the evolutionary history of the recently emergent fluoroquinolone-resistantS. sonnei. We reaffirm that extant resistant organisms belong to a single clonal expansion event. Our results indicate that sequential accumulation of defining mutations (gyrA-S83L,parC-S80I, andgyrA-D87G) led to the emergence of the fluoroquinolone-resistantS. sonneipopulation around 2007 in South Asia. This clone was then transmitted globally, resulting in establishments in Southeast Asia and Europe. Mutation analysis suggests that the clone became dominant through enhanced adaptation to oxidative stress. Experimental evolution reveals that under fluoroquinolone exposure in vitro, resistantS. sonneidevelops further intolerance to the antimicrobial while the susceptible counterpart fails to attain complete resistance.
Lake sedimentary biogenic silica from diatoms constitutes a significant global sink for aluminium
Authors: Liu Dong , Yuan Peng , Tian Qian , Liu Hongchang , Deng Liangliang , Song Yaran , Zhou Junming , Losic Dusan , Zhou Jieyu , Song Hongzhe , Guo Haozhe , Fan Wenxiao 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDiatoms play an important role in marine biogeochemical cycle of aluminum (Al), as dissolved Al is taken up by diatoms to build their siliceous frustules and is involved in the sedimentation of diatomaceous biogenic silica (BSi). The Al incorporation in BSi facilitates decreasing the dissolution of marine BSi and thus substantially influences the biochemical processes driven by diatoms, such as CO2 sequestration. However, the role of lake BSi in the terrestrial biochemical Al cycle has not been explored, though lakes represent the second-largest sink for BSi. By identifying the previously unexplored high Al/Si atomic ratios (up to 0.052) in lake BSi, here we show lake BSi is a large terrestrial Al pool due to its high Al content, and lake sedimentary BSi constitutes a significant global sink for Al, which is on the same magnitude as the Al sink in global oceans.
A shell dataset, for shell features extraction and recognition
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhou Jianhang , He Jing , Cun Xiaodong , Zeng Shaoning , Zhang Bob 
Published: October 2019

AbstractShells are very common objects in the world, often used for decorations, collections, academic research, etc. With tens of thousands of species, shells are not easy to identify manually. Until now, no one has proposed the recognition of shells using machine learning techniques. We initially present a shell dataset, containing 7894 shell species with 29622 samples, where totally 59244 shell images for shell features extraction and recognition are used. Three features of shells, namely colour, shape and texture were generated from 134 shell species with 10 samples, which were then validated by two different classifiers:k-nearest neighbours (k-NN) and random forest. Since the development of conchology is mature, we believe this dataset can represent a valuable resource for automatic shell recognition. The extracted features of shells are also useful in developing and optimizing new machine learning techniques. Furthermore, we hope more researchers can present new methods to extract shell features and develop new classifiers based on this dataset, in order to improve the recognition performance of shell species.
Comparative transcriptome profiling of immune response against Vibrio harveyi infection in Chinese tongue sole
Authors: Xu Hao , Xu Xiwen , Li Xihong , Wang Lei , Cheng Jiayu , Zhou Qian , Chen Songlin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractVibrio harveyiis a major bacterial pathogen that causes fatal vibriosis in Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), resulting in massive mortality in the farming industry. However, the molecular mechanisms ofC.semilaevisresponse toV.harveyiinfection are poorly understood. Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis ofC.semilaevis, comparing resistant and susceptible families in response toV.harveyichallenge (CsRC and CsSC) and control conditions (CsRU and CsSU). RNA libraries were constructed using 12 RNA samples isolated from three biological replicates of the four groups. We performed transcriptome sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq platform, and generating a total of 1,095 million paired-end reads, with the number of clean reads per library ranging from 75.27 M to 99.97 M. Through pairwise comparisons among the four groups, we identified 713 genes exhibiting significant differences at the transcript level. Furthermore, the expression levels were validated by real-time qPCR. Our results provide a valuable resource and new insights into the immune response toV.harveyiinfection.
Transcriptome profiling for floral development in reblooming cultivar ‘High Noon’ of Paeonia suffruticosa
Authors: Chang Yanting , Hu Tao , Zhang Wenbo , Zhou Lin , Wang Yan , Jiang Zehui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andrew) is a popular ornamental plant due to its large, fragrant and colorful flowers. The floral development is the most important event in its lifecycle. To explore the mechanism that regulate flower development, we sequenced the flower bud transcriptomes of ‘High Noon’, a reblooming cultivar of P. suffruticosa × P. lutea, using both full-length isoform-sequencing (ISO-seq) and RNA-seq were sequenced. A total of 15.94 Gb raw data were generated in full-length transcriptome sequencing of the 3 floral developmental stages, resulting 0.11 M protein-coding transcripts. Over 457.0 million reads were obtained by RNA-seq in the 3 floral buds. Here, we openly released the full-length transcriptome database of ‘High Noon’ and RNA-seq database of floral development. These databases can provide a fundamental genetic information of tree peony to investigate its transcript structure, variants and evolution. Data will facilitate to deep analyses of the transcriptome for flower development.
A data set of global river networks and corresponding water resources zones divisions
Authors: Yan Denghua , Wang Kun , Qin Tianling , Weng Baisha , Wang Hao , Bi Wuxia , Li Xiangnan , Li Meng , Lv Zhenyu , Liu Fang , He Shan , Ma Jun , Shen Zhenqian , Wang Jianwei , Bai Heng , Man Zihao , Sun Congwu , Liu Meiyu , Shi Xiaoqing , Jing Lanshu , Sun Ruochen , Cao Shuang , Hao Cailian , Wang Lina , Pei Mengtong , Dorjsuren Batsuren , Gedefaw Mohammed , Girma Abel , Abiyu Asaminew 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs basic data, the river networks and water resources zones (WRZ) are critical for planning, utilization, development, conservation and management of water resources. Currently, the river network and WRZ of world are most obtained based on digital elevation model data automatically, which are not accuracy enough, especially in plains. In addition, the WRZ code is inconsistent with the river network, hindering the efficiency of data in hydrology and water resources research. Based on the global 90-meter DEM data combined with a large number of auxiliary data, this paper proposed a series of methods for generating river network and water resources zones, and then obtained high-precision global river network and corresponding WRZs at level 1 to 4. The dataset provides generated rivers with high prevision and more accurate position, reasonable basin boundaries especially in inland and plain area, also the first set of global WRZ at level 1 to 4 with unified code. It can provide an important basis and support for reasonable use of water resources and sustainable social development in the world.
Mid-Infrared Electro-Optical Modulation Using Monolithically Integrated Titanium Dioxide on Lithium Niobate Optical Waveguides
Authors: Jin Tiening , Zhou Junchao , Lin Pao Tai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTunable photonic circuits were demonstrated in the mid-Infrared (mid-IR) regime using integrated TiO2-on-LiNbO3 (ToL) waveguides. The upper waveguide ridge was made by a sputtered TiO2 thin film with broad transparency at λ = 0.4–8 µm and an optimized refractive index n = 2.39. The waveguide substrate is a z-cut single crystalline LiNbO3 (LN) wafer that has strong Pockels effect, thus enabling the tunability of the device through electro-optical (E-O) modulation. A sharp waveguide mode was obtained at λ = 2.5 µm without scattering or mode distortion found. The measured E-O coefficient γeff was 5.9 pm/V approaching γ31 of 8.6 pm/V of LN. The ToL waveguide showed a hybrid mode profile where its optical field can be modified by adjusting the TiO2 ridge height. Our monolithically integrated ToL modulator is an efficient and small footprint optical switch critical for the development of reconfigurable photonic chips.
Cage aggression in group-housed laboratory male mice: an international data crowdsourcing project
Authors: Lidster Katie , Owen Kathryn , Browne William J. , Prescott Mark J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAggression in group-housed laboratory mice is a serious animal welfare concern. Further understanding of the causes of mouse aggression could have a significant impact on a large number of laboratory animals. The NC3Rs led a crowdsourcing project to collect data on the prevalence and potential triggers of aggression in laboratory mice. The crowdsourcing approach collected data from multiple institutions and is the first time such an approach has been applied to a laboratory animal welfare problem. Technicians observed group-housed, male mice during daily routine cage checks and recorded all incidents of aggression-related injuries. In total, 44 facilities participated in the study and data was collected by 143 animal technicians. A total of 788 incidents of aggression-related injuries were reported across a sample population of 137,580 mice. The mean facility-level prevalence of aggression-related incidents reported across facilities was equivalent to 15 in 1,000 mice. Key factors influencing the prevalence of aggression included strain; number of mice per cage; how mice were selected into a cage; cage cleaning protocols; and transfer of nesting material. Practical recommendations have been provided to minimise aggressive behaviour in group-housed, male mice based upon the results of the study and taking into consideration the current published literature.
Solid-State Green Synthesis of Ag NPs: Higher Temperature Harvests Larger Ag NPs but Smaller Size Has Better Catalytic Reduction Reaction
Authors: Al-Namil Dina Sadeq , Khoury Elsy El , Patra Digambara 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this work a novel solid-state green approach without using any solvent environment has been proposed to synthesize Ag NPs. The synthetic condition has been investigated in 4 °C, 20 °C, 40 °C and 60 °C and at ten different time intervals. This synthesis process gives different size and shape of curcumin conjugated Ag NPs, which have been confirmed by various morphological and spectroscopic techniques. It is found that higher temperature and longer time produces larger particles size and different varieties in shapes. For example, Ag NPs prepared at 4 °C are spherical shapes whereas that prepared at 60 °C are of spherical, rods, and many hexagonal shapes. At 60 °C and after 5 and 7 days the size of the prepared Ag NPs exceed the nano scale to reach micro scale level. This size and shape distribution are well reflected in the optical properties as absorbance, fluorescence intensity and SFS intensity of Ag NPs consistently increase with increase in temperature during synthesis. Ag NPs obtained in different temperature and various time intervals have been subsequently tested as catalysts for the reduction reaction, where 4-nitrophenol is reduced to 4-aminophenol in the presence of NaBH4. It is found that smaller particles have better catalytic properties for the reduction reaction.
Clinical Factors Associated with Time-Specific Distribution of 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose in Large-Vessel Vasculitis
Authors: Rosenblum Joel S. , Quinn Kaitlin A. , Rimland Casey A. , Mehta Nehal N. , Ahlman Mark A. , Grayson Peter C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) can detect vascular inflammation in large-vessel vasculitis (LVV). Clinical factors that influence distribution of FDG into the arterial wall and other tissues have not been characterized in LVV. Understanding these factors will inform analytic strategies to quantify vascular PET activity. Patients with LVV (n = 69) underwent 141 paired FDG-PET imaging studies at one and two hours per a delayed image acquisition protocol. Arterial uptake was quantified as standardized uptake values (SUVMax). SUVMean values were obtained for background tissues (blood pool, liver, spleen). Target-to-background ratios (TBRs) were calculated for each background tissue. Mixed model multivariable linear regression was used to identify time-dependent associations between FDG uptake and selected clinical features. Clinical factors associated with FDG distribution differed in a tissue- and time-dependent manner. Age, body mass index, and C-reactive protein were significantly associated with arterial FDG uptake at both time points. Clearance factors (e.g. glomerular filtration rate) were significantly associated with FDG uptake in background tissues at one hour but were weakly or not associated at two hours. TBRs using liver or blood pool at two hours were most strongly associated with vasculitis-related factors. These findings inform standardization of FDG-PET protocols and analytic approaches in LVV.
Toddlers Process Common and Infrequent Childhood Mispronunciations Differently for Child and Adult Speakers
Authors: Bernier Dana E. , White Katherine S. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This study examined toddlers' processing of mispronunciations based on their frequency of occurrence in child speech and the speaker who produced them.

Method

One hundred twenty 22-month-olds were assigned to 1 of 4 conditions. Using the intermodal preferential looking paradigm, toddlers were shown visual displays containing 1 familiar object and 1 novel object, labeled by either a child or an adult. Familiar objects were labeled correctly or with a small mispronunciation that is either common in child speech (e.g.,
waisin
for raisin) or infrequent (e.g.,
rauter
for water).

Results
A significant interaction of speaker and type of mispronunciation showed that, for the child speaker, toddlers treated common and infrequent mispronunciations similarly, with equivalently sized mispronunciation penalties relative to correctly pronounced labels. In contrast, for the adult speaker, toddlers showed a large penalty for common mispronunciations, but infrequent mispronunciations were treated equivalently to correct pronunciations.

Conclusion
These results both reinforce and extend previous work on toddlers' processing of mispronunciations by revealing a complex interplay of speaker, type of mispronunciation, and specific contrast in toddlers' perceptions of mispronunciations.
Developing a Culture of Successful Communication in Acute Care Settings: Part I. Solving Patient-Specific Issues
Authors: Marshall Sarah , Hurtig Richard R. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose

Establishing services for hospitalized patients with complex communication needs requires identifying and addressing both patient-based and institutional barriers. In this 1st article, we focus on overcoming patient-based barriers. The companion paper (
Marshall & Hurtig, 2019
) addresses overcoming institutional barriers.

Method
We present a series of cases that illustrate both the challenges and some of the solutions that have emerged in addressing the specific needs of individual patients with complex communication needs.

Results
Each case illustrates how a dynamic assessment approach was used to allow patients with complex communication needs to more effectively communicate with caregivers and participate in their care.

Conclusion
Building a culture of improved patient–provider communication involves more than just providing patients with augmentative and alternative communication tools.
An Exploratory Study of the Impact of Professional Development on Speech-Language Pathologists' Literacy Knowledge and Practices
Authors: Mahowald Megan , Rentmeester-Disher Jill 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This study explores how knowledge of and practice in literacy assessment and intervention change following targeted professional development (PD).

Method
Thirteen school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who participated in a literacy PD course completed pre- and postcourse assessment measures to assess changes in knowledge and practice. Classroom observations were also completed.

Results
Increases in literacy knowledge and practices were found across all pre- and postcourse measures. Additionally, SLPs' literacy practices were maintained over the course of 1 year.

Conclusion
The results offer preliminary evidence that targeted PD can impact SLP literacy knowledge and practices, which in turn may positively impact student literacy outcomes.
A spectral stacking analysis to search for faint outflow signatures inz∼ 6 quasars
Authors: Stanley F. , Jolly J. B. , König S. , Knudsen K. K. 
Published: October 2019

Aims.Outflows in quasars during the early epochs of galaxy evolution are an important part of the feedback mechanisms that potentially affect the evolution of the host galaxy. However, systematic millimetre (mm) observations of outflows are only now becoming possible with the advent of sensitive mm telescopes. In this study we used spectral stacking methods to search for a faint high-velocity outflow signal in a sample of [C II] detected,z ∼ 6 quasars.Methods.We searched for broad emission line signatures from high-velocity outflows for a sample of 26z ∼ 6 quasars observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), with a detection of the [C II] line. The observed emission lines of the sources are dominated by the host galaxy, and outflow emission is not detected for the individual sources. We used a spectral line stacking analysis developed for interferometric data to search for outflow emission. We stacked both extracted spectra and the full spectral cubes. We also investigated the possibility that only a sub-set of our sample contributes to the stacked outflow emission.Results.We find only a tentative detection of a broad emission line component in the stacked spectra. When taking a region of about 2″ around the central position of the stacked cubes, the stacked line shows an excess emission due to a broad component of 1.1–1.5σ, but the significance drops to 0.4–0.7σwhen stacking the extracted spectra from a smaller region. The broad component can be characterised by a line width of full width at half-maximumFWHM >  700 km s−1. Furthermore, we find a sub-sample of 12 sources, the stack of which maximises the broad component emission. The stack of this sub-sample shows an excess emission due to a broad component of 1.2–2.5σ. The stacked line of these sources has a broad component ofFWHM >  775 km s−1.Conclusions.We find evidence suggesting the presence of outflows in a sub-sample of 12 out of 26 sources, which demonstrates the importance of spectral stacking techniques in tracing faint signal in galaxy samples. However, deeper ALMA observations are necessary to confirm the presence of a broad component in the individual spectra.
Composición isotópica del agua como un indicador del vigor de la planta a nivel de parcela
Authors: Pereyra G. , Casaretto E. , Borsani O. , Ferrer M. 
Published: October 2019

La viticultura de precisión es una herramienta performante para la gestión del vigor intra parcelario. En una parcela de 1,1 hectáreas de un viñedo comercial de la variedad Tannat, implantado en clima sub- húmedo, en donde delimitó dos zonas de vigor (alto y bajo). Uno de los factores determinantes de dichas diferencias de vigor, sería la diferencia en el contenido de agua en el suelo. Para demostrar esta hipótesis se instalaron parcelas por cada nivel de vigor en las cuales se realizó un seguimiento del estado de hidratación de las plantas mediante el potencial hídrico foliar de base (Ψf). Se determinó la composición isotópica (δ18O) en agua de hojas y mosto. Se demostraron correlaciones significativas entre Ψf y OI. Las medidas de δ18O en hojas brindaron un dato puntual del contenido de agua, en tanto que las del mosto describieron la evolución del estado de hidratación de la planta durante el ciclo del cultivo. El δ18O podría ser una forma rápida de identificación de zonas de diferente vigor y que permitiría determinar a escala parcelaria las diferencias existentes en el suelo en el contenido hídrico y gestionar de manera más eficiente el recurso agua.Palabras clave:ratio isotópico, δ18O, estrés hídrico, viticultura de precisión, Vitis vinífera L.