bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technical match actions and plasma stress markers in elite female football players during an official FIFA Tournament
Authors: Póvoas Susana , Ascensão António , Magalhães Josė , Silva Pedro , Wiig Håvard , Raastad Truls , Castagna Carlo , Andersson Helena 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study analyzed the impact of performing four consecutive football matches separated by 48‐72 hours during a FIFA tournament on physical load, technical performance and plasma markers of redox state, muscle damage and inflammation in elite female players. Forty‐eight players from three national teams were evaluated at seven time points: before (baseline) and throughout the tournament (after each match and before two training sessions). Only data from players who played all matches were included in the analyses (N = 13). The players were divided into high‐rank (N = 6) and low‐rank (N = 7) team players according to FIFA standards. Plasma creatine kinase (CK), C‐reactive protein (CRP), total antioxidant status (TAS), and uric acid (UA) were analyzed at the selected time points. Technical performance and physical load were also quantified according to team rank. Players from low‐rank teams played significantly more time than high‐rank players (85 ± 10 vs 67 ± 15 minutes; P = .02; d = 1.51). Low‐rank team players presented higher values in technical performance actions than the high‐rank team players, but most of the differences were explained by the longer match time played. UA content differed across the matches, increasing from baseline (F(4,40) = 3.90; P = .01) and more in the high‐rank team players (F(1,10) = 20.46; P = .001), while CRP only differed across the matches (F(4,36) = 2.66; P = .05), also increasing from baseline. A large time effect was shown for UA only in the high‐rank players (η2p = 0.50; P = .02). Four consecutive matches did not result in considerable alterations in plasma stress markers, physical load, and technical performance in elite female football players from distinct rank levels.
Mutations in tomato 1‐aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase2 uncover its role in development beside fruit ripening
Authors: Sharma Kapil , Gupta Soni , Sarma Supriya , Rai Meenakshi , Sreelakshmi Yellamaraju , Sharma Rameshwar 
Published: December 2020

SUMMARYThe role of ethylene in plant development is mostly inferred from its exogenous application. The usage of mutants affecting ethylene biosynthesis proffers a better alternative to decipher its role. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), 1‐aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid synthase2 (ACS2) is a key enzyme regulating ripening‐specific ethylene biosynthesis. We characterised two contrasting acs2 mutants; acs2‐1 overproduces ethylene, has higher ACS activity, and has increased protein levels, while acs2‐2 is an ethylene underproducer, displays lower ACS activity, and has lower protein levels than wild type. Consistent with high/low ethylene emission, the mutants show opposite phenotypes, physiological responses, and metabolomic profiles compared with the wild type. The acs2‐1 mutant shows early seed germination, faster leaf senescence, and accelerated fruit ripening. Conversely, acs2‐2 has delayed seed germination, slower leaf senescence, and prolonged fruit ripening. The phytohormone profiles of mutants were mostly opposite in the leaves and fruits. The faster/slower senescence of acs2‐1/acs2‐2 leaves correlated with the endogenous ethylene/zeatin ratio. The genetic analysis showed that the metabolite profiles of respective mutants co‐segregated with the homozygous mutant progeny. Our results uncover that besides ripening, ACS2 participates in the vegetative and reproductive development of tomato. The distinct influence of ethylene on phytohormone profiles indicates the intertwining of ethylene action with other phytohormones in regulating plant development.
Post‐transfusion hemoglobin response in patients with cirrhosis: Can we expect a 1 g/dL rise per unit transfused?
Authors: Noverati Nicholas , Federici Elizabeth , Riley Thomas R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundA patientʼs hemoglobin is typically expected to rise by 1 g/dL/unit transfused PRBCs. However, it has been theorized that mechanisms such as hyperbilirubinemia and splenomegaly might lead to either a direct lysis or sequestration of red blood cells that could decrease this proportionate response.Study Design and MethodsPatients with resolved GI bleeding but still requiring transfusion to correct anemia were compared in cirrhosis and control groups. A retrospective chart review between 2015 and 2020 was conducted at a single institution. Data collected included age, sex, BMI, GI bleed diagnosis, number of PRBCs transfused, presence of splenomegaly and spleen size, alcohol use history, type of cirrhosis, MELD‐Na at admission, GFR, and pre‐and post‐transfusion labs: total bilirubin, ALT, hemoglobin, hematocrit. A logic regression was performed for each group looking at which factors were associated with a successful response (defined as >0.9 g/dL hemoglobin per unit transfused).ResultsMean change in hemoglobin was 0.77 g/dL in patients with cirrhosis compared to 1.46 g/dL in patients without (P < .001, N = 103). Odds ratios for presence of splenomegaly (0.22, N = 78) and female sex (4.39, N = 102) in predicting adequate response (>0.9 g/dL/unit) were both significant (P = .002) as well as portal hypertensive bleed diagnosis (0.28, N = 85, P = .0015). Factors that did not contribute included: age, race, BMI, alcohol use, GFR, change in ALT, and change in total bilirubin.ConclusionsPatients with cirrhosis have an approximately 50% decreased response to transfusion with PRBCs after resolution of a gastrointestinal bleed in comparison to patients without cirrhosis. Risk factors included splenomegaly, portal hypertension, and male sex.
Effect of Hydrogen on Steady-State and Transient Combustion Instability Characteristics
Authors: Strollo John , Peluso Stephen , O'Connor Jacqueline 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of steady-state and transient hydrogen enrichment on thermoacoustic instability in a model gas turbine combustor. Combustion instability, a feedback loop between flame heat release rate oscillations and combustor acoustics, is characterized in a swirl-stabilized flame operated at a range of hydrogen–natural gas fuel blends and heat rates. Measurements of combustor chamber pressure fluctuations and CH* chemiluminescence imaging are used to characterize instability at a range of operating conditions. Steady-state tests show that both mixture heat rate and hydrogen content affect system stability. At a given heat rate, higher levels of hydrogen result in unstable combustion. As heat rate increases, instability occurs at lower concentrations of hydrogen in the fuel. Transient operation was tested in two directions—instability onset and decay—and two hydrogen-addition times—a short time of 1 ms and a longer time of 4 s. Results show that instability onset processes, through the transient addition of hydrogen, are highly repeatable regardless of the timescale of hydrogen addition. Certain instability decay processes are less repeatable, resulting in cases that do not fully transition from unstable to stable combustion despite similar changes in hydrogen fuel flow rate. Flame behavior before, during, and after the transient is characterized using high-speed CH* chemiluminescence imaging. Analysis of the high-speed images shows changes in flame stabilization and dynamics during the onset and decay processes. The results of this study can have implications for systems that experience variations in fuel composition, particularly in light of growing interest in hydrogen as a renewable fuel.
Acute Effects of Resistance Exercise With Blood Flow Restriction in Elderly Women: A Pilot Study
Authors: Maciel Antonio W.S. , Pinto Leandro M. , Campos Roberta C.A. , Ferreira Andressa C. , Dias-Filho Carlos A.A. , Dias Carlos J.M. , Pires Flávio de Oliveira , Urtado Christiano B. , Rodrigues Bruno , Mostarda Cristiano Teixeira 
Published: December 2020

Aim:To compare the acute effects of two resistance exercise sessions with different partial blood flow restrictions (BFR) on hemodynamic parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation in older women with metabolic syndrome.Methods:Thirty-nine older women (64.4 ± 4.5 years) were allocated into three groups: BFR0 = resistance exercise (20%, 1 maximum repetition [MR]) + 0% BFR; BFR60 = 20% 1 MR resistance exercise + 60% BFR; and BFR80 = 20% 1MR resistance exercise + 80% BFR.Results:A reduction of 14 mmHg (BFR60 group) and 13 mmHg (BRF80 group) was observed 48 hr after the first exercise session, while vagal modulation was increased in the BRF60 group after 24 and 48 hr.Conclusion:A low-intensity resistance exercise session with 60% and 80% of BFR resulted in blood pressure (systolic, diastolic, and mean) reduction and positive changes on heart rate variability after 24 h of a RE session.
Fundamental Motor Skill Performance of Indigenous and Nonindigenous Children
Authors: Duarte Marcelo Gonçalves , Nobre Glauber Carvalho , Gomes Thábata Viviane Brandão , Benda Rodolfo Novelino 
Published: December 2020

Background:Studies related to the motor performance of children have suggested an interaction between organisms and the environment. Although motor development seems to be similar among people, the behavior is specific to the context that people are part of. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the fundamental motor skill performance between indigenous (IN) and nonindigenous children.Methods:One hundred and thirteen children (43 IN and 70 nonindigenous children) between 8 and 10 years of age underwent the Test of Gross Motor Development—2.Results:A multivariate analysis showed a significant group main effect on both locomotor (p < .01) and object control (p < .01) performance with large and medium effect sizes (values = .57–.40, respectively). The IN showed the highest scores for galloping, hopping, leaping, jumping, sliding, striking a stationary ball, stationary dribbling, catching a ball, kicking, and overhand throwing (p < .01) with small to large effect sizes (values = .05–.50).Conclusion:The IN presented the highest levels of performance in fundamental motor skills compared with those of nonindigenous children. Most likely, IN have more opportunities for motor development in the environmental context (i.e., villages) where they live.
Electroacupuncture reduces fibromyalgia pain by downregulating the TRPV1–pERK signalling pathway in the mouse brain
Authors: Hsu Hsin-Cheng , Hsieh Ching-Liang , Lee Kun-Ta , Lin Yi-Wen 
Published: December 2020

Background: Acupuncture has been clinically recommended as a method of pain relief by the World Health Organization and is widely used by medical doctors. Fibromyalgia (FM) pain has a complex physiological and psychological origin and can be pharmacologically treated with duloxetine, milnacipran and pregabalin. However, these drugs produce undesirable side effects, such as headaches, nausea and diarrhoea. Acupuncture may serve as an effective alternative treatment for pain relief with few side effects. Aims: We hypothesised that acupuncture would reduce FM pain by influencing transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) and the downstream phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (pERK), which are located in the central thalamus, amygdala and cortex. Methods: A FM mouse model was established by injecting two doses of acid saline into 32 female C57/B6 mice. The mice were then assigned to different subgroups (n=8 each) and treated with electroacupuncture (EA) or EA sham control. TRPV1 and pERK expression levels were measured using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results: Our results demonstrated that the expression of TRPV1 and pERK in the thalamus, amygdala and somatosensory cortex was normal in the control mice, but significantly increased in FM mice; these FM-induced changes in expression were attenuated by EA. Conclusion: Our data suggest that EA can reverse the central sensitisation of the TRPV1-ERK signalling pathway in the mouse brain. Thus, our findings provide mechanistic evidence supporting the potential therapeutic efficacy of EA for treating FM pain.
Real-world clinical outcomes following treatment intensification with GLP-1 RA, OADs or insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes on two oral agents (PATHWAY 2-OADs)
Authors: Desouza Cyrus , Kirk Andreas R , Mangla Kamal K , Wolden Michael L , Lingvay Ildiko 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionMost patients with type 2 diabetes require sequential addition of glucose-lowering agents to maintain long-term glycemic control. In this retrospective, observational study, we compared intensification with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs), and insulin in patients receiving two OADs, using US electronic health records and claims data.Research design and methodsFor inclusion, patients in the IBM MarketScan Explorys database were required to have claims for two different OADs in the 180-day baseline period and ≥1 claim for a different OAD/GLP-1 RA/insulin at index date (treatment intensification). Changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and weight from baseline were assessed at 180 days postindex. Patients were propensity score-matched by baseline characteristics and exact-matched by HbA1ccategory (HbA1ccohort and weight/composite outcomes cohort) and body mass index (BMI) category (weight/composite outcomes cohort only) to obtain balanced treatment arms. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients reaching target HbA1c<7% (53 mmol/mol).ResultsSignificantly more patients intensifying with a GLP-1 RA achieved HbA1c<7% than those receiving OAD(s) (OR: 1.35; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.77; p=0.032) or insulin (OR: 1.77; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.47; p<0.001). GLP-1 RAs were also associated with a significantly greater chance of not gaining weight; significantly greater HbA1cand weight decreases from baseline; and a significantly greater chance of HbA1c<7%, no weight gain and discontinuation of ≥1 baseline OAD (composite outcome), compared with OAD(s) or insulin.ConclusionsIn propensity score-matched cohorts, GLP-1 RAs demonstrated significant benefits for both glycemic control and weight management over additional OAD(s) or insulin, respectively, indicating that they may represent the optimal choice at these points in the treatment pathway.
Gap between real-world data and clinical research within hospitals in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Jin Feifei , Yao Chen , Yan Xiaoyan , Dong Chongya , Lai Junkai , Li Li , Wang Bin , Tan Yao , Zhu Sainan 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the gap between real-world data and clinical research initiated by doctors in China, explore the potential reasons for this gap and collect different stakeholders’ suggestions.DesignThis qualitative study involved three types of hospital personnel based on three interview outlines. The data analysis was performed using the constructivist grounded theory analysis process.SettingSix tertiary hospitals (three general hospitals and three specialised hospitals) in Beijing, China, were included.ParticipantsIn total, 42 doctors from 12 departments, 5 information technology managers and 4 clinical managers were interviewed through stratified purposive sampling.ResultsElectronic medical record data cannot be directly downloaded into clinical research files, which is a major problem in China. The lack of data interoperability, unstructured electronic medical record data and concerns regarding data security create a gap between real-world data and research data. Updating hospital information systems, promoting data standards and establishing an independent clinical research platform may be feasible suggestions for solving the current problems.ConclusionsDetermining the causes of gaps and targeted solutions could contribute to the development of clinical research in China. This research suggests that updating the hospital information system, promoting data standards and establishing a clinical research platform could promote the use of real-world data in the future.
Poor treatment outcomes of children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Atalell Kendalem Asmare , Alene Kefyalew Addis 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionWhile access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for children with HIV has expanded and the use of HAART has substantially reduced the morbidity and mortality of children due to HIV, poor treatment outcomes among children with HIV are still a major public health problem globally. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to quantify treatment outcomes among children with HIV.Methods and analysisSystematic searches will be conducted in three electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science) for recent studies published from 01 Jan 2000 up to 28 October 2020, without geographical restriction. The primary outcomes of the study will be poor treatment outcomes, which include death, treatment failure and loss to follow-up. We will include quantitative studies that report treatment outcomes among children under the age of 18 years with HIV. Studies will be excluded if they are case report, case series, conducted among adults only or do not provide data on treatment outcomes for children. Two researchers will screen the titles and abstracts of all citations identified in our search, then review the full text of the remaining papers to identify those that meet the inclusion criteria. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale will be used for quality assessment. A random-effects meta-analysis will be used to obtain pooled estimates of the proportion of poor treatment outcomes. The heterogeneity between studies will be checked visually by using forest plots and quantitatively measured by the index of heterogeneity (I2). Pooled estimates of poor treatment outcomes will be calculated with a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis will be conducted by study settings, treatment regimen, comorbidity (such as tuberculosis), study period and HIV type (HIV-1 and HIV-2).Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required for this study as it will be based on published papers. The final report of this review will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
Gender-specific physical activity-related injuries and risk factors among university students in China: a multicentre population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Cai Weicong , Chen Shangmin , Li Liping , Yue Pengying , Yu Xiaofan , Gao Lijie , Yang Wenda , Jia Cunxian , Gao Yang 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesData on the problem of physical activity-related injury (PARI) in university students and the risk factors for PARI among different genders are rare. We conducted a multicentre population-based study to investigate the occurrence of PARI and to explore the gender-specific risk factors for PARI among Chinese university students.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsA total of 5341 students in grades 1–3 at eight universities in four Chinese cities were selected to complete the online questionnaires during March and April 2017. The questionnaires assessed sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity PA) involvement, sleep duration, sedentary behaviour and PARI experiences in the past 12 months.Main outcome measuresPARI during the past 12 months.ResultsAmong the 5341 participants, 1293 suffered from at least one PARI in the past 12 months, with an overall incidence rate of 24.2% (males: 26.2%, females: 23.2%) and an injury risk of 0.38 injuries/student/year (males: 0.48, females: 0.32). Over half of the injured (57.3%) experienced a withdrawal time of PA and nearly two-fifths (39.6%) required medical attention. Irrespective of gender, Shantou and Xi’an students, sports team members and those who engaged in sports and leisure-time vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) at a higher frequency were more likely to suffer from PARI. Male students who participated in sports and leisure-time VPA for long durations had a greater likelihood of sustaining PARI, while having a chronic condition and being involved in sports and leisure-time moderate-intensity PA at a higher frequency and longer duration were potential contributors to PARI among females.ConclusionsThe occurrence of PARI and its risk factors differed by gender, which provides a direction towards developing targeted and effective gender-specific preventative programmes to protect Chinese university students from PARI.
Continuity of care: evaluating a multidisciplinary care model for people with early CKD via a nationwide population-based longitudinal study
Authors: Chen Yin-Cheng , Weng Shuen-Fu , Hsu Yu-Juei , Wei Chung-Jen , Chiu Chiung-hsuan 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo control and prevent the burdens associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD), Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) launched the ‘early-CKD programme’ in 2011 to extend care and education to patients with CKD. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the early-CKD programme in terms of continuity of care (COC).Design and participantsThis study used secondary data from 2010 to 2014 provided by the NHIA to identify 86 581 participants each for the intervention and control groups. Patients with CKD who participated in the early-CKD programme between 2011 and 2013 were defined as the intervention group. For the control group, propensity score matching was used to select patients with CKD who did not participate in the programme, but were seen by the same group of physicians.InterventionA multidisciplinary care model for patients with early CKD launched in 2011.Primary outcome measuresOutcome variables included the continuity of care index (COCI), which measures a physician’s COC; number of essential examinations; and resource utilisation. To better identify the difference between groups, we separated COCI into two groups based on mean: high (above mean) and low (below mean). A generalised estimating equation model was used to examine the effects of the early-CKD programme.ResultsThe programme significantly increased the number of essential examinations/tests administered to patients (β=0.61, p<0.001) and improved COCI between physicians and patients (OR=4.18, p<0.001). Medical expenses (β=1.03, p<0.001) and medication expenses (β=0.23, p<0.001) significantly increased after the programme was implemented, but patients’ kidney-related hospitalisations and emergency department visits decreased (β=−0.13, p<0.001).ConclusionFrom the COC viewpoint, the programme in Taiwan showed a positive effect on COCI, number of essential examinations and resource utilisation.