bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Realization of an Earthquake Early Warning System for Schools and Its Performance during the 2019 ML 6.3 Hualien (Taiwan) Earthquake
Authors: Hsu Ting-Yu , Kuo Chun-Hsiang , Wang Hsiu-Hsien , Chang Yu-Wen , Lin Pei-Yang , Wen Kuo-Liang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article discusses the earthquake early warning system (EEWS) for schools of the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, Taiwan (NCREE’s EEWS, earthquake early warning system [NEEWS]) that was recently completed. The system consists of 98 seismic stations with a complete set of system capabilities and 3514 broadcast stations with only the associated alert broadcast system capabilities. The broadcast stations receive both any on-site alerts issued by the seismic stations and any regional alerts issued by the Central Weather Bureau and then broadcast whatever alert is received earliest. Shortly after the establishment of the NEEWS, the ML 6.3 Hualien earthquake, which had a maximum measured peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 515.17 Gal, struck Taiwan on 18 April 2019. During the earthquake, the performance of both the seismic stations and the broadcast stations of the system was documented. The current study analyzes and discusses the accuracy of the PGA predictions, lead times, and classification performance at both the seismic stations and the broadcast stations of the NEEWS. The results show that the NEEWS is a cost-effective and promising system of EEW.
Responding to the 2020 Magna, Utah, Earthquake Sequence during the COVID-19 Pandemic Shutdown
Authors: Pankow Kristine L. , Rusho Jon , Pechmann James C. , Hale J. Mark , Whidden Katherine , Sumsion Rebecca , Holt James , Mesimeri Maria , Wells Daniel , Koper Keith D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTwo days after the University of Utah Seismograph Stations (UUSS) staff were required to leave campus and work remotely, an Mw 5.7 earthquake struck the Salt Lake Valley near the town of Magna, Utah. This event was the largest instrumentally recorded earthquake in the Salt Lake Valley and the largest earthquake ever felt by most residents. The timing of this event—at the start of a lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic—made the UUSS response to this earthquake an extra challenge. Other factors such as a toxic plume caused by the ground shaking, inclement weather, and a mountain lion also impacted the work. The response tested the continuity of operations plan that had been in place since 2007, response protocols, and communications with partners and the public. Overall, the UUSS earthquake response was successful: A valuable and arguably unprecedented dataset of strong ground motions from normal faulting was generated, magnitudes and locations of thousands of earthquakes were shared in a timely fashion, unfounded rumors and general questions were promptly responded to via traditional and social media, and initial scientific results were submitted for publication.
Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: A two-group structural equation model analyses
Authors: Li Jingjing , Huang Danqin , Windle Michael , Escoffery Cam , Wang Wei , Li Xiaoyan , Tao Kevin , Haardörfer Regine , Li Shiyue , Berg Carla J , Yan Hong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Literature in the West suggested that bisexual men have a higher smoking rate compared to gay men. Data on patterns of smoking among gay and bisexual men are limited in Eastern Asian countries like China. This study examined the cigarette smoking prevalence for gay versus bisexual men in China and their unique minority stress - smoking pathways. Methods: Between September 2017 and November 2018, we surveyed a convenience sample of 538 gay men and 138 bisexual men recruited from local sexual minority organizations in four metropolitan cities in China (i.e., Beijing, Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha). Measures included sexual orientation, sociodemographics, theory-based minority stressors, depressive symptoms, and past 30-day cigarette smoking. Two-group (gay men vs. bisexual men) structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test possible distinct mechanisms between theory-based stressors, depressive symptoms, and cigarette smoking among gay men and bisexual men, respectively. Results: The mean age of participants was 26.51 (SD = 8.41) years old and 76.3% of them had at least a college degree. Bisexual men reported a higher rate of cigarette smoking compared to gay men (39.9% vs. 27.3%). Two-group SEM indicated that the pathways for cigarette smoking were not different between gay and bisexual men. Higher rejection anticipation was associated with greater depressive symptoms (standardized β = 0.32, p < .001), and depressive symptoms were not associated with cigarette smoking. Conclusions: Minority stress, specifically rejection anticipation, may be critical considerations in addressing depressive symptoms, but not smoking, among both gay and bisexual men in China.
The genetic control of leaf and petal allometric variations in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Yaohua , Yang Suxin , Wu Chunxia , Shao Qun , Feng Xianzhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Organ shape and size covariation (allometry) are essential concepts for the study of evolution and development. Although ample research has been conducted on organ shape and size, little research has considered the correlated variation of these two traits and quantitatively measured the variation in a common framework. The genetic basis of allometry variation in a single organ or among different organs is also relatively unknown.Results A principal component analysis (PCA) of organ landmarks and outlines was conducted and used to quantitatively capture shape and size variation in leaves and petals of multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. The PCA indicated that size variation was a major component of allometry variation and revealed negatively correlated changes in leaf and petal size. After quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, five QTLs for the fourth leaf, 11 QTLs for the seventh leaf, and 12 QTLs for petal size and shape were identified. These QTLs were not identical to those previously identified, with the exception of the ER locus. The allometry model was also used to measure the leaf and petal allometry covariation to investigate the evolution and genetic coordination between homologous organs. In total, 12 QTLs were identified in association with the fourth leaf and petal allometry covariation, and eight QTLs were identified to be associated with the seventh leaf and petal allometry covariation. In these QTL confidence regions, there were important genes associated with cell proliferation and expansion with alleles unique to the maximal effects accession. In addition, the QTLs associated with life-history traits, such as days to bolting, stem length, and rosette leaf number, which were highly coordinated with climate change and local adaption, were QTL mapped and showed an overlap with leaf and petal allometry, which explained the genetic basis for their correlation.Conclusions This study explored the genetic basis for leaf and petal allometry and their interaction, which may provide important information for investigating the correlated variation and evolution of organ shape and size in Arabidopsis.
Quantitative proteomics analysis of lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation in IgA nephropathy&nbsp;
Authors: Huang Shaoying , Zheng Fengping , Lin Hua , Zhou Xianqing , Xu Huixuan , Zhang Cantong , Dai Weier , Zhang Xinzhou , Sui Weiguo , Tang Donge , Dai Yong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Protein posttranslational modification is an indispensable regulatory element that can fine-tune protein functions and regulate diverse cellular processes. Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) is a protein posttranslational modification that was recently identified and is thought to play a role in a wide variety of active cellular functions. Methods: In this report, for the first time, we comparatively studied the 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation proteome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a biopsy-proven immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) group and a normal control group based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: Altogether, 7405 proteins were identified and added to a Khib library. Of these proteins, we identified 111 with upregulated expression and 83 with downregulated expression. Furthermore, we identified 428 Khib modification sites on 290 Khib-modified proteins, including 171 sites with increased modification on 122 Khib-modified proteins and 257 specific sites with reduced modification on 168 Khib-modified proteins. Conclusions: Importantly, the abundance of lipocalin 2 was increased in the differentially expressed proteins, and a KEGG-based functional enrichment analysis showed that Khib proteins clustered in the IL-17 signaling pathway and phagosome category, which may have important associations with IgAN. Our data enlighten our understanding of Khib in IgAN and indicate that Khib may have important regulatory roles in IgAN.
Do Age and Symptoms of Anxiety, Stress and Depression Predict Risk Behaviors for Eating Disorders in Brazilian Men and Women During the Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Junior José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento , Freire Gabriel Lucas Morais , Gonçalves Mariana Pereira , Oliveira Daniel Vicentini de , Moraes José Fernando Vila Nova de , Fidelix Yara Lucy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study investigated the predicting role of age and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress on risk behavior for eating disorders in Brazilian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA web‐based cross‐sectional survey was administered during the COVID‐19 in Brazil. A total of 715 participants were recruited (237 men and 478 women) with a mean age of 29.20 (10.73) years from all regions of Brazil. The instruments used were the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) and eating attitudes test-26 (EAT-26). Data analysis was conducted through the independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression Analysis (p<.05). ResultsThe data showed significant differences between men and women for anxiety (p<.001), stress (p<.001), depression (p<.001), total DASS score (p<.001) and eating disorders (p<.001), indicating that women presented more symptoms in all variables. Depression, stress and DASS total score were significantly and positively associated with eating disorders (EDs) (r range= .16 to .21) for men and EDs was significantly and negatively associated with all dimensions of DASS and DASS total score (r range -.19 to -.22) for women. Multiple regression showed that DASS total score made the largest positive contribution to eating disorders for men (β= .17, p <.01) and women (β= .22, p <.001). Conclusion﻿Our findings show that symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress predict risk behavior for eating disorders in Brazilian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Oligomerisation of THAP9 Transposase: Role of DNA and Amino-Terminal Domains
Authors: Sanghavi Hiral M. , MAJUMDAR Sharmistha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundActive DNA transposases like the Drosophila P element transposase (DmTNP) undergo oligomerisation as a prerequisite for transposition. Human THAP9 (hTHAP9) is a catalytically active but functionally uncharacterised homologue of DmTNP. ResultsHere we report (using co-IP, pull down, co-localization, PLA) that both the full length as well as truncated hTHAP9 and DmTNP (corresponding to amino-terminal DNA binding and Leucine-rich coiled coil domains) undergo homo-oligomerisation, predominantly in the nuclei of HEK293T cells. Interestingly, the oligomerisation is shown to be partially mediated by DNA. However, mutating the leucines (either individually or together) or deleting the predicted coiled coil region did not significantly affect oligomerisation. We also report that Hcf-1, THAP1, THAP10 and THAP11 are possible protein interaction partners of hTHAP9. ConclusionsThus, we highlight the importance of DNA as well as the amino-terminal regions of both hTHAP9 and DmTNP, for their ability to form higher order oligomeric states. Elucidating the functional relevance of the different putative oligomeric state/s of hTHAP9 would help answer questions about its interaction partners as well as its unknown physiological roles.
16s rRNA&nbsp;Lung Microbiota Study in Mechanically Ventilated Patient: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fromentin Mélanie , Bridier-Nahmias Antoine , Legoff Jérôme , Mercier-Delarue Severine , Ranger Noémie , Vuillard Constance , Dovale Julien , Zucman Noémie , Alberdi Antonio , Ricard Jean-Damien , Roux Damien 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCharacterization of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota is in its infancy when compared to the gut microbiota knowledge. As key methodological steps can directly affect the accuracy of the results, it is crucial to determine a robust methodology in order to limit bias.Two different pairs of primers 515F-806R targeting the V4 hypervariable region of the 16SrRNA gene, “S-V4” for “Stringent V4” primer pair and “R-V4” for “Relaxed V4” primer pair, are respectively used in two ongoing international projects “the Human microbiome project” and “the Earth microbiome project”. We compared two methods of sample processing using these two different primer pairs for bacterial microbiota analyses of respiratory samples from critically-ill ventilated patients. For the later, Illumina 250 paired-end sequencing was done on a MiSeq platform after DNA extraction using mechanical lysis (bead-beating) and NucliSENS easyMAG. The concordance with conventional microbiology is the criterion of choice to determine the optimal method.ResultsTwenty samples from seven patients and four controls were sequenced. The two primer pair provided highly different results. Only 54% of the samples had a similar microbial composition with both pairs of primers. “S-V4” gave the best agreement with the conventional microbiology for ETA: 89% as compared to 44% for the “R-V4” primer pair. The main difference related to Enterobacteriaceae, which were concordant between conventional cultures and microbiota analyses using “S-V4”. Enterobacteriaceae detection was poor for “R-V4”. Among patients with VAP, a decrease in alpha diversity in ETA was observed. The mean of pairwise Unifrac distance was higher inside this group of patients at the time of VAP diagnosis as compared to control patients.ConclusionAccuracy of the bacterial lung microbiota composition was highly correlated to the pair of primers used for amplification of the 16s rRNA hypervariable sequence. Comparison of microbiota results obtained by sequencing and conventional microbiology allowed us to select the best option for further studies. This work validates our methodology based on 16SrRNA gene amplification with 515F-806R “S-V4” primer pair associated to Illumina® MiSeq 250 paired-end sequencing.
Evolution, Expression and Functional Analysis of Cultivated Allotetraploid Cotton DIR Genes
Authors: Liu Zhengwen , Wang Xingfen , Sun Zhengwen , Zhang Yan , Meng Chengsheng , Chen Bin , Wang Guoning , Ke Huifeng , Wu Jinhua , Yan Yuanyuan , Wu Liqiang , Li Zhikun , Yang Jun , Zhang Guiyin , Ma Zhiying 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Dirigent (DIR) proteins mediate regioselectivity and stereoselectivity during lignan biosynthesis and are also involved in lignin, gossypol and pterocarpan biosynthesis. This gene family plays a vital role in enhancing stress resistance and in secondary cell-wall development, but systematical understanding is lacking in cotton.Results: In this study, 107 GbDIRs and 107 GhDIRs were identified in Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum, respectively. Most of these genes have a classical gene structure without intron and encode proteins containing a signal peptide. Phylogenetic analysis showed that cotton DIR genes were classified into four distinct subfamilies (a, b/d, e, and f). Of these groups, DIR-a and DIR-e were evolutionarily conserved, and segmental and tandem duplications contributed equally to their formation. In contrast, DIR-b/d mainly expanded by recent tandem duplications, accompanying with a number of gene clusters. With the rapid evolution, DIR-b/d-III was a Gossypium-specific clade involved in atropselective synthesis of gossypol. RNA-seq data highlighted GhDIRs in response to Verticillium dahliae infection and suggested that DIR gene family could confer Verticillium wilt resistance. We also identified candidate DIR genes related to fiber development in G. barbadense and G. hirsutum and revealed their differential expression. To further determine the involvement of DIR genes in fiber development, we overexpressed a fiber length-related gene GbDIR78 in Arabidopsis and validated its function in trichomes and hypocotyls.Conclusions: These findings contribute novel insights towards the evolution of DIR gene family and provide valuable information for further understanding the roles of DIR genes in cotton fiber development as well as in stress responses.
The Quality of Life of Tuberculosis Patients at Witbank TB Hospital, South Africa: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mashaba Rejoice Tlangelani , Khumalo Fezile , Beke Andy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The quality of life (QoL) of tuberculosis (TB) patients may predict treatment outcomes. Little is known about the QoL of patients with TB and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-morbidity, especially in South African settings. We investigate the QoL of TB patients with and without HIV at the Witbank TB Hospital in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Methods: In a cross-sectional analytical study, 124 patients with confirmed TB, with or without HIV co-infection, were recruited from September 2018 to October 2018. Trained interviewers conducted face-to-face interviews with participants, helping them to complete a standardized short form-12 (SF-12) QoL questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS and SAS software. Differences between groups were quantified using t-test. Logistic regression analysis identified explanatory variables predicting mental (MCS) health and physical (PCS) health. Results: For all sub-scales of the SF-12 instrument, Cronbach’s alpha > 0.8 demonstrating high internal consistency. Patients with TB/HIV co-morbidity had lower scores in all dimensions (p<0.05), indicating poor QoL compared to TB patients without HIV. In multivariate analysis, the family size was predictive of physical health QoL. TB patients who were staying in a household with more than four family members were 2.12 times more likely to have better QoL compared to TB patients living in households with fewer than four family members, OR= 2.33 (95% CI: 1.12 to 4.98); p<0.05). Conclusions: Patients who are co-infected with TB and HIV, in this setting, have poorer QoL than patients who are only infected with TB. Our results support the development of strategies to improve QoL that consider the physical and mental wellbeing of TB/HIV co-infected patients.
Records of Three Mammal Tick Species Parasitizing an a typical Host, the Multi-ocellated Racerunner, in Arid Regions of Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhou Qi , Li Jiao , Guo Xianguang , Liu Jinlong , Song Qi , Gong Xiong , Chen Han , Zhang Jianhui , He Jinlei , Zheng Zhiwan , Chen Dali , Chen Jian-Ping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To better simulate and predict zoonotic disease outbreaks, data on arthropods acting as pathogen carriers and information on host-arthropod associations should be collected. Ticks are obligate haematophagous ectoparasites of vertebrate animals, including humans, with a wide global distribution. To date, the species discrimination and phylogenetic relationships among the ticks on lizards in China remain unclear. Methods: In this study, 31 ticks, collected from Eremias multiocellata lizards in four arid desert regions of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China, were identified by morphological observation and molecular techniques. The 12S rDNA, 16S rDNA, and COI fragments of ticks were sequenced. As reference samples, 47 Chinese ticks from hedgehogs and one tick from brushwood were also included in this study. To infer the phylogenetic relationships among them, 32 12S rDNA, 77 16S rDNA, and 66 COI sequences of ticks retrieved from GenBank were also included. All samples were identified by phylogenetic analyses. Results: The Bayesian and network analysis results revealed that the 31 ticks from the lizards belong to three genera and three species: 11 were identified as Hyalomma asiaticum, three as Rhipicephalus turanicus, and 17 as Haemaphysalis sulcata. Conclusions: Our study is the first attempt to investigate ticks on lizards in the arid desert regions of Xinjiang, China. Notably, two species of ticks have been identified on lizards in China for the first time. The discoveries in this study are closely related to the geographical environment in Xinjiang, and should provide important information for the control of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in northern China.
The Double Rhythm Development and Characteristics of the Gasterophilus Pecorum (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) Population in Desert Steppe
Authors: Zhang Ke , Huang Heqing , Zhou Ran , Zhang Boru , Wang Chen , Ente Make , Li Boling , Zhang Dong , Kai Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The departure of the mature larvae of the horse stomach bot fly from the host indicates the beginning of a new infection period, and the Gasterophilus pecorum becomes the dominant species in the desert steppe, showing its special biological characteristics. The population dynamics of G. pecorum were studied to reveal the population development rule of G. pecorum in the arid desert steppe. Method: The larvae were collected and recorded in the newly excreted feces by tracking the Przewalski’s horses (Equus przewalskii), meanwhile, the larval pupation experiments were carried out under natural conditions. Results: (a) There was a positive correlation between the survival rate and the number of larvae (r = 0.630, p < 0.01), indicating that the species development had the characteristics of centralized occurrence; (b) The main periods of mature larvae discharge were from early April to early May (peak Ⅰ) and from mid-August to early September (peak II), and the larval population curve showed a sudden spike in increase and gradual decrease at both peaks; under higher temperature, the number of adults from peak II had higher survival rate, higher pupation rate, higher emergence rate and less eclosion time than that of peak I; (c) Although it has one generation a year, the occurrence peak twice annually displaying a unique “ double rhythm development ” phenomenon, which forms a “ dual rhythm parasitism ” pressure on the local host. This phenomenon is very rare in the study of insect life history, especially in the parasite epidemiology. Conclusion: The natural discharge period of the G. pecorum larvae in Kalamaili Nature Reserve (KNR) is longer than 7 months and have the potentially long term infection effect on the host. The above phenomenon is one important reason for the local equine animals to be severely infected with equine myiasis.