bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-related comparisons of people with multiple sclerosis: Demographic, disease, and treatment characteristics
Authors: Buchanan Robert J. , Chakravorty Bonnie J. , Tyry Tuula , Hatcher William , Vollmer Timothy 
Published: December 2019

Objective: To determine if the demographic characteristics and health care needs of younger people with MS differ from older people with MS. Participants: The study analyzed enrollment data from the NARCOMS Registry to compare 1,987 younger adults with MS (30 years and younger) to 29,245 other adults with MS (over 30 years). Methods: Analyses of the NARCOMS data focused on descriptive characteristics of these adults with MS, using a t-test to identify any statistically significant age-related differences in means and a chi-squared test to identify any statistically significant age-related differences in proportions. Results: A significantly larger proportion of younger adults with MS were female and African American compared to other adults with MS. We found significant age-related differences in the expression of physical disability domains but few significant age-related differences in symptoms of depression. We also observed significant age-related differences in the utilization of health providers, with larger proportions of other adults with MS treated by internists, urologists, rehabilitation specialists, and physical and occupational therapists. Conclusions: The comprehensive care of younger adults with MS should include monitoring for mental health conditions and the availability of mental health services.
Stochastic resonance therapy in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Kaut Oliver , Allert Niels , Coch Christoph , Paus Sebastian , Grzeska Agata , Minnerop Martina , Wüllner Ullrich 
Published: December 2019

Objective: To test the effects of stochastic whole body vibration (WBV) we performed a double-blind randomized controlled study. Methods: Patients were allocated either to the experimental or sham group. The experimental group received 5 cycles of stochastic WBV on three days, each cycle consisting of 5 stimulus trains of 60 seconds duration (frequency 6.5 Hz) and 60 seconds resting time between stimuli. Patients allocated to the control group received a sham treatment with 1 Hz. Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, part III (UPDRS III) was performed after treatment at baseline, after the first series on day 1 and on day 5. Results: The reduction of subscores included in UPDRS III relative to baseline served as primary outcome measure. After the five-day course bradykinesia was improved in 14 of 18 patients (77.8%) and postural stability in 8 of 18 (44.4%). Speech and facial expression remained unchanged in both groups. Tremor ( p = 0.027) and postural stability ( p = 0.048) showed a reduction also, but did not reached level of significance ( p < 0.01); UPDRS III sum score was improved by 26.7%. Conclusion: Stochastic whole body vibration may offer a supplementation to canonical physical treatments of PD motor symptoms.
Effect of kinesio taping on standing balance in subjects with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study
Authors: Cortesi Marco , Cattaneo Davide , Jonsdottir Johanna 
Published: December 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Kinesio Taping on body stability in subjects with MS. Study design: Non controlled intervention study in a Rehabilitation Unit. Intervention: A consecutive convenience sample of 15 individuals with multiple sclerosis was assessed. Kinesio Tex Tape was applied directly to the skin of both calves and kept for the next two days. Main outcome measures: Clinical and stabilometric assessments were performed at baseline, immediately after application of the tape and the day after its removal. To control for learning effect 10 subject with multiple sclerosis were tested repeatedly under the same conditions without tape. Results: No statistically or clinically relevant differences were observed among conditions in the mediolateral plane. In the AP plane Friedman’s ANOVA showed statistically significant differences between baseline and taping condition with respect to length of sway. A trend towards statistically relevant differences were found also with respect to mean sway and velocity of sway. No learning effect was found for repeated testing within the no treated group. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that the use of ankle taping may be useful in immediately stabilising body posture.
Factors predicting depression among persons with spinal cord injury 1 to 5 years post injury
Authors: Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos , Ketchum Jessica M. , Starkweather Angela , Nicholls Elizabeth , Wilk Amber R. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Estimate changes in prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) 1 to 5 years post spinal cord injury (SCI); Identify demographic, injury, and discharge factors associated with MDD at 1 and 5 years post-injury; Identify modifiers of changes in MDD. Design: Retrospective. Setting: Model Spinal Cord Injury System. Participants: 2,256 adult participants enrolled in the National Spinal Cord Injury Statistical Center between 1999 and 2004. Main Outcome Measure: MDD as determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Results: Prevalence of MDD was 11.9% at 1 year and 9.7% at 5 years post SCI. Odds of MDD decreased significantly 1 to 5 years post-injury (odds ratio = 1.26, 95% confidence interval = 1.02, 1.56). At 1 year post-injury, the odds of MDD was greater for persons 35âĂŞ55 years old at injury, unemployed, having an indwelling catheter or voiding bladder management at discharge, and higher scores on ASIA motor index. At 5 years post-injury, the odds of MDD were greater for females, persons 35âĂŞ55 years old at injury, those with a high school education or less, those having an indwelling catheter, voiding, and no bladder management at discharge, and higher scores on ASIA motor index. Sex was the only significant modifier. Conclusions: MDD occurs commonly 1 to 5 years post SCI. Sociodemographic, injury, and discharge factors are associated with the development and changes in depression. Future research should expand upon current findings in order to identify, prevent, and reduce the prevalence of MDD after SCI.
Assisted leg displacements and progressive loading by a tilt table combined with FES promote gait recovery in acute stroke
Authors: Solopova I.A. , Tihonova D.Y. , Grishin A.A. , Ivanenko Y.P. 
Published: December 2019

Objective: Here we developed and tested a novel system for early motor rehabilitation in acute stroke when patients are unable to stand and walk without assistance. Stepping performance may be largely facilitated by providing treatment in the supine position on a tilt table using step-synchronized functional electrical stimulation (FES) with assisted leg movements and progressive limb loading. Methods: Sixty-one individuals with acute stroke were randomly assigned to two groups, experimental and control. The first group received both a conventional therapy and FES-therapy combined with progressive limb loading, whereas the control group received a conventional therapy only. Changes after treatment were assessed using clinical scores and neurophysiological measurements of movement performance. Results: After treatment, there was an improvement of the clinical scores, muscle forces and everyday life activity performance in both groups, however, significantly higher in the experimental group. Active rhythmic movements of the non paretic leg often provoked muscle activity in the paretic leg as well as there was a reduction of the contralateral leg muscle contraction during paretic leg movements. Conclusion: The developed FES and leg displacement-assisted therapy facilitates a smooth transition to walking in the vertical position and increases the patient’s functional abilities and the effectiveness of rehabilitation.
ICF use to identify common problems on a TBI neurorehabilitation unit in Spain
Authors: Laxe Sara , Zasler Nathan , Tschiesner Uta , López-Blazquez Raquel , Tormos Jose M. , Bernabeu Montserrat 
Published: December 2019

Objective: To describe functioning and health of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted in a neurorehabilitation hospital. Data collection included socio-demographic factors, single interviews based on the extended ICF Checklist 2.1 for TBI, patient ratings on general health and functioning status, WHOQoL, EQ5D and the Comorbidity Questionnaire. Results: 103 patients (81%males) were included in the study. The mean of age was 34 yrs. 24% were inpatients whereas 76% were outpatients. 130 out of 150 categories (87%) of the extended checklist were relevant in > 10% of patients. Differences in functioning and disability between patients in the shorter versus long term situation were noted to be predominantly in the ICF domains of Activities and Participation as well as in Body Functions. Correlations between EQ5D and ICF-based data collections were all p < 0.01. Conclusions: This study identified the most common problems in patients with TBI receiving Neurorehabilitation services based on the ICF. Results emphasize the need to describe disability and rehabilitation standards from a comprehensive perspective that not only includes Body Functions and Structures but also the ICF domains of Activities and Participation and Environmental factors.
Adverse effects of motor-related symptoms on the ipsilateral upper limb according to long-term cane usage
Authors: Son Sung Min , Kwon Jung Won , Nam Seok Hyun , Lee Na Kyung , Kim Kyoung , Kim Chung Sun 
Published: December 2019

Objective: Although the cane is prescribed to aid in daily living and social participation in stroke patients, this study aimed to identify whether long-term cane usage affected sensorimotor functions in the distal part of the non-affected upper limb in relation to a tracking task, a nine-hole pegboard test, and proprioceptive joint sense. Patient and method: Forty stroke patients who were divided into a cane using group (CUG) or a non-cane using group (NCUG) participated in this study. Subjects were evaluated in a tracking task for visuomotor coordination, a nine-hole pegboard test for dexterous hand motion, and a joint reposition test for proprioceptive sense integrity. Result: Comparison of the CUG and NCUG revealed significant differences in performance of the tracking task, the nine-hole pegboard test, and the joint reposition test ( p < 0.05). The CUG had more difficulty performing visuomotor coordination and dexterous hand motion tasks compared with the NCUG. Proprioceptive joint sense was also deteriorated in the CUG. Conclusion: These results suggest that stroke patients who use a cane for a long period, could experience decreased sensorimotor function in the ipsilateral upper limb of a damaged hemisphere. Therefore, it will be necessary to provide careful evaluation and appropriate therapeutic intervention for stroke patients who require the use of a cane over a long period.
Contralesional cross-over in chronic neglect: Visual search patterns reveal neglect of the ipsilesional hemispace
Authors: Gall Carolin , Günther Tobias , Fuhrmans Franziska , Sabel Bernhard A. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: With neuropsychological rehabilitation approaches neglect patients can learn to compensate for the reduced awareness of the contralesional hemispace that is often observed after right brain damage. Here, we report contralesional “cross-over” deviations in line bisection that are hypothesized to be a result of focusing on the contralesional hemispace while the intact hemispace is “neglected”. We investigate whether this unexpected pattern of deviation is related to defects in the visual field, motor intention/hypokinesia deficits or deficits in working memory. Methods: Neglect patients with and without homonymous field defects were screened for contralesional cross-over deviations in line bisection of long lines. During line bisection eye movements were recorded in two conditions with and without requiring hand movements in order to search for directional hypokinesia. Visual fields were tested with near-threshold perimetry and with supra-threshold campimetry. Results: Of 53 chronic neglect patients only 8 showed cross-over in line bisection. Evidence for directional hypokinesia was found in only one patient. Patients with cross-over focused more often to the left than to the right of the objective line midpoint. Patients with and without visual field defects did not differ in the extent of cross-over deviations. Cross-over deviation and inconsistent stimulus detection in left hemispace were correlated irrespective of the presence of a visual field deficit. Larger cross-over deviations were associated with poorer verbal working memory span, and disorganized patterns of eye movement were related to reduced visuo-spatial working memory capacity. Conclusion: Increasing awareness of the disorder and the use of compensatory strategies may have led to a cross-over shift of visual search dominance towards the neglected side resulting in an exploration deficit of the ipsilesional side.
Systemic delivery of umbilical cord blood cells for stroke	therapy: A review
Authors: Yu Guolong , Borlongan Cesar V. , Stahl Christine E. , Hess David C. , Ou Yali , Kaneko Yuji , Yu Seong Jin , Yang Tianlun , Fang Li , Xie Xiumei 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: This review paper summarizes relevant studies, discusses potential mechanisms of transplanted cell-mediated neuroprotection, and builds a case for the need to establish outcome parameters that are critical for transplantation success. In particular, we outline the advantages and disadvantages of systemic delivery of human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) cells in the field of cellular transplantation for treating ischemic stroke. Methods: A MEDLINE/PubMed systematic search of published articles in peer-reviewed journals over the last 25 years was performed focusing on the theme of HUCB as donor graft source for transplantation therapy in neurological disorders with emphasis on stroke. Results: Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of human death and disability. Although stroke survivors may gain spontaneous partial functional recovery, they often suffer from sensory-motor dysfunction, behavioral/neurological alterations, and various degrees of paralysis. Currently, limited clinical intervention is available to prevent ischemic damage and restore lost function in stroke victims. Stem cells from fetal tissues, bone marrow, and HUCB has emerged in the last few years as a potential cell transplant cell source for ischemic stroke, because of their capability to differentiate into multiple cell types and the possibility that they may provide trophic support for cell survival, tissue repair, and functional recovery. Conclusion: A growing number of studies highlight the potential of systemic delivery of HUCB cells as a novel therapeutic approach for stroke. However, additional preclinical studies are warranted to reveal the optimal HUCB transplant regimen that is safe and efficacious prior to proceeding to large-scale clinical application of these cells for stroke therapy.
Safety and feasibility of autologous umbilical cord blood	transfusion in 2 toddlers with cerebral palsy and the role of low dose	granulocyte-colony stimulating factor injections
Authors: Papadopoulos Konstantinos I. , Low Sharon Su Shing , Aw Tar Choon , Chantarojanasiri Teerachai 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: Cerebral palsy (CP) with a prevalence of 2.1 per 1,000 live births generates variable degrees of incurable developmental disability. The aim of the present report was to provide insight in the safety and feasibility of autologous umbilical cord blood (UCB) transfusion with low dose Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) injections in improving the functional outcome of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Two toddlers with diagnosed CP were given autologous umbilical cord blood (UCB) transfusion accompanied by low dose subcutaneous granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) injections. Results: Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) improvements were seen in both without any side effects being noted to date. Conclusion: In this first report, autologous UCB based intervention in tandem with low dose sc G-CSF administration seems to be feasible and safe with encouraging functional outcome improvements in children with CP.
Creep damage evaluation of IN738LC based on the EBSD method by using a notched specimen
Authors: Kobayashi Daisuke , Miyabe Masamichi , Kagiya Yukio , Nagumo Yoshiko , Sugiura Ruji , Matsuzaki Takashi , Yokobori A. Toshimitsu 
Published: December 2019

The Ni-base superalloy IN738LC developed as a heat-resistant material has excellent high temperature strength, but at the same time it has a brittle property. As a result, any evidence of creep degradation such as deformation of components or initiation of creep voids has hardly made an appearance by the end of its available creep life. This paper investigates the possibility that creep damage can be evaluated by using the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method to analyze misorientation which is considered to be caused by creep strain. The use of an in-situ observational testing machine with a notched specimen allowed creep-EBSD round tests which consisted of creep tests in the in-situ observational testing machine and EBSD observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) alternately against an identical specimen. The outcome of these experiments was that crystal orientation change tendencies corresponding to the creep strain were continuously observed. It has been found that there was a good correlation between the creep strains and the misorientations referenced to the average orientation in the grain, the parameter of Grain Reference Orientation Deviation (GROD) defined by TSL EBSD system. Consequently, this study shows that the creep damage could be estimated by analyzing misorientations using the EBSD system automatically. Also, it has been found that crystal orientation changes appeared around notches in the direction of maximum shearing stress, which implies that the misorientation development was caused by the crystallographic lattice rotation.
The Relationship Between Object Relations and the Severity of Depression Symptoms: The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion
Authors:   MA. in Clinical Psychology, Departmant of Clinical Psychology, School of Behaviour Sciene and Mental Health (Tehran Inistitue of Psychiatry), Iran university of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Bagheri Javad , Birashk Behrooz ,   PhD. in Clinical Psychology, Associate Professor of Clinical Psychology, Departmant of Clinical Psychology, School of Behaviour Sciene and Mental Health (Tehran Inistitue of Psychiatry), Iran university of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Dehghani Mahmoud ,   hD in Clinical Psychology, Assistant Professor of Clinical Psychology, Departmant of Clinical Psychology, School of Behaviour Sciene and Mental Health (Tehran Inistitue of Psychiatry), Iran university of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran., Asgharnejad Ali Asghar ,   PhD. in Clinical Psychology, Associate Professor of Clinical Psychology, Departmant of Clinical Psychology, School of Behaviour Sciene and Mental Health (Tehran Inistitue of Psychiatry), Iran university of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2019

Objectives The current research investigated the mediating role of self-compassion in the connection between object relations and the severity of depression symptoms. Methods This was a descriptive and correlational study. The study sample consisted of 245 male and female students residing in the dormitories of Iran University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 2017-18. They were selected based on the two-step cluster sampling method. The subjects answered the Bell Object Relations and Reality Testing Inventory (BORRTI), Self Compassion Scale- Long Form (SCS –LF) and Beck’s Depression Inventory-Short form (BDI-S). The gathered data were analyzed in LISREL, SPSS, and Mplus. Results The structural equation analysis results suggested that self-compassion plays a mediating role in the connection between object relations and the severity of depression symptoms. Conclusion The study findings revealed that the connection between object relations and the severity of depression symptoms is partly explained by a reduction in self-compassion. These findings help therapists to have a more correct understanding of the etiology of depression.
Hipertensão arterial: uma abordagem direcionada aos efeitos do treinamento, mecanismos hipotensivos e respostas a programas de exercí­cios
Authors: Monteiro Walace 
Published: December 2019

A Hipertensão Arterial (HA) é uma condição multifatorial, associada a uma pressão arterial (PA) maior ou igual a 140/90 mmHg ou ao uso de medicamentos anti-hipertensivos. No Brasil, estudos epidemiológicos estimam uma prevalência da HA em torno de 40% da população adulta com mais de 40 anos. Uma das principais formas de prevenção e tratamento da HA consiste nas modificações do estilo de vida. Dentre as modificações, destaca-se a prática regular de atividade fí­sica. Desta forma, os objetivos do presente artigo são: a) revisar os efeitos do treinamento fí­sico na PA; b) apresentar os potenciais mecanismos hipotensivos como resposta ao exercí­cio; c) apresentar e discutir as diferentes estratégias de atividades fí­sicas envolvendo programas formais e não formais de prescrição de exercí­cio. O primeiro objetivo aborda os efeitos agudos e crônicos das diferentes formas de treinamento (aeróbio, de força e flexibilidade), assim como a influência das diferentes variáveis de prescrição nas respostas da PA. O segundo objetivo apresenta os principais mecanismos neuro-humorais e estruturais que tentam explicar a hipotensão como resposta í prática do exercí­cio. Quanto ao enfoque do terceiro objetivo, são discutidas a aplicabilidade, vantagens e desvantagens de programas formais e não-formais de prescrição de exercí­cios.Palavras-chave: hipertensão, exercí­cio, hipotensão, fisiologia cardiovascular, atividade fí­sica.
O treinamento de resistência com pesos em circuito de intensidade moderada melhora a capacidade cardiorrespiratória e diminui gordura corporal
Authors: Da Silva Roberto Pacheco 
Published: December 2019

Verificou-se a influência do treinamento de resistência de intensidade moderada na capacidade cardiorrespiratória e gordura corporal. O estudo contou com 2 participantes do sexo feminino, que realizaram exercí­cios em musculação durante o perí­odo de 8 semanas. A condição aeróbia dos sujeitos foi aferida pelo teste do Queen´s College. A composição corporal foi avaliada pelo protocolo de Penroe, Nelson e Fisher. Para a dosagem das cargas de treinamento utilizou-se do teste de repetições, sendo estes comparados í tabela de percentual de intensidade. Os testes foram repetidos antes do treinamento e após 4 e 8 semanas e comparados por estatí­stica descritiva. Houve diminuição do peso corporal total de 1,1 kg (1,56%) e 4,40 Kg (4,17%) para os sujeitos A e B, respectivamente; diminuição do percentual de gordura de 2,1% e 3,17%; diminuição da massa gorda de 1,75 kg (7,46%) e 5,74 kg (9,42%) e diminuição de Índice de Massa Corporal de 0,41 kg/m2 (1,55%) e 1,72 kg/m2 (4,18%). Observou-se igualmente melhora na capacidade cardiorrespiratória (sujeitos A e B): aumento em VO2 Máximo Absoluto de 0,1 l/min (3,48%) e 0,19 l/min (5,49%) e aumento em VO2 Máximo Relativo de 2,64 ml/kg/min (6,43%) e 3,26 ml/Kg/min (9,87%). Conclui-se que o treinamento com pesos, com intensidade moderada, pode diminuir a massa gorda e melhorar a capacidadeaeróbia dos praticantes.Palavras-chave: treinamento, treinamento de resistência, Vo2, emagrecimento.