bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis on accessibility to urban facilities using the flexible distance attenuation function
Authors: Kataoka Yusuke 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn urban planning, variations in accessibility to facilities that change with distance are often regarded as monotonically decreasing distance functions. However, it is difficult to select an appropriate function type. In this study, we aim to investigate the spatial distribution of facility accessibility, which can vary according to facility type, by using a distance attenuation function that includes an unknown parameter to determine the distribution function. The distribution of facility accessibility is represented as a monotonically decreasing distance function that includes two parameters: “distance resistance” and “type of distribution function.” Here, we apply the distance function to a defined region and analyze facility accessibility from multiple perspectives. Using cluster analysis, we further classify facility types into four categories, based on the estimates of the two parameters of the distance function. Our findings showed that many estimate values of the parameters representing the values of power in the distance functions were close to 1 or 2. The values of power in the distance functions estimated in this study are expected to be utilized for evaluating the estimates themselves and also as guidelines for applying representative distributions, such as normal distributions, to distance functions.
Rear‐Illuminated Perovskite Photorechargeable Lithium Battery
Authors: Gurung Ashim , Reza Khan Mamun , Mabrouk Sally , Bahrami Behzad , Pathak Rajesh , Lamsal Buddhi Sagar , Rahman Sheikh Ifatur , Ghimire Nabin , Bobba Raja Sekhar , Chen Ke , Pokharel Jyotshna , Baniya Abiral , Laskar Md Ashiqur Rahman , Liang Mao , Zhang Wenfeng , Zhang Wen‐Hua , Yang Shangfeng , Xu Kang , Qiao Qiquan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPhotovoltaic power‐conversion systems can harvest energy from sunlight almost perpetually whenever sunrays are accessible. Meanwhile, as indispensable energy storage units used in advanced technologies such as portable electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable/smart grids, batteries are energy‐limited closed systems and require constant recharging. Fusing these two essential technologies into a single device would create a sustainable power source. Here, it is demonstrated that such an integrated device can be realized by fusing a rear‐illuminated single‐junction perovskite solar cell with Li4Ti5O12‐LiCoO2 Li‐ion batteries, whose photocharging is enabled by an electronic converter via voltage matching. This design facilitates a straightforward monolithic stacking of the battery on the solar cell using a common metal substrate, which provides a robust mechanical isolation between the two systems while simultaneously providing an efficient electrical interconnection. This system delivers a high overall photoelectric conversion‐storage efficiency of 7.3%, outperforming previous efforts on stackable integrated architectures with organic–inorganic photovoltaics. Furthermore, converter electronics facilitates system control with battery management and maximum power point tracking, which are inevitable for efficient, safe, and reliable operation of practical loads. This work presents a significant advancement toward integrated photorechargeable energy storage systems as next‐generation power sources.
A Soft Lithiophilic Graphene Aerogel for Stable Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Yang Tianyu , Li Li , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe lithium metal anode is one of the most promising anodes for next‐generation high‐energy‐density batteries. However, the severe growth of Li dendrites and large volume expansion leads to rapid capacity decay and shortened lifetime, especially in high current density and high capacity. Herein, a soft 3D Au nanoparticles@graphene hybrid aerogel (AuGA) as a lithiophilic host for lithium metal anode is proposed. The large surface area and interconnected conductive pathways of the AuGA significantly decrease the local current density of the electrode, enabling uniform Li deposition. Furthermore, the 3D porous structure effectively accommodates the large volume expansion during Li plating/stripping, and the LixAu alloy serves as a solid solution buffer layer to completely eliminate the Li nucleation over‐potential. Symmetric cells can stably cycle at 8 mA cm−2 for 8 mAh cm−2 and exhibit ultra‐long cycling: 1800 h at 2 mA cm−2 for 2 mAh cm−2, and 1200 h at 4 mA cm−2 for 4 mAh cm−2, with low over‐potential. Full cells assemble with a Cu@AuGALi anode and LiFePO4 cathode, can sustain a high rate of 8 C, and retain a high capacity of 59.6 mAh g−1 after 1100 cycles at 2 C.
Negative Charge Confined Amine Carriers within the Nanowire Network for Stable and Efficient Membrane Carbon Capture
Authors: Zhang Shenxiang , Li Huazheng , Li Huanghe , Sengupta Bratin , Zha Shangwen , Li Shiguang , Yu Miao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMembrane‐based carbon dioxide (CO2) capture has attracted great research interest owing to its potential for higher separation efficiency and lower energy consumption. However, it is still a challenging task to capture CO2 with membrane from flue gas, especially under moderate‐temperature and high‐humidity conditions. In this work, a stable CO2‐selective membrane that can operate at temperatures up to 90 °C and under high humidity is reported. The positively charged amine carriers for CO2 are confined within the negatively charged polymer modified carbon nanotube (CNT) network. In this structure, interconnected CNTs act as the framework for the selective layer and provide numerous nanochannels for gas transport. The negatively charged polymer ensures the carrier stability and further regulates the size of nanochannels in the CNT network. By virtue of carrier‐facilitated transport, high CO2 permeance (up to 3300 gas permeation units) and high CO2/N2 selectivity (400) are achieved under simulated flue gas conditions. Moreover, theoretical calculations verify that the stable separation performance is due to the strong electrostatic interaction between the amine carriers and polymer matrix. The high performance and good stability indicate the great potential of this novel membrane structure for practical application in CO2 capture.
Enhanced Device Performance of Perovskite Photovoltaics by Magnetic Field‐Aligned Perovskites‐Magnetic Nanoparticles Composite Thin Film
Authors: Xu Wenzhan , Zhu Tao , Yang Yongrui , Zheng Luyao , Liu Lei , Gong Xiong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPerovskite photovoltaics have drawn great attention in both academic and industrial sectors in the past decade. To date, impressive device performance has been achieved in state‐of‐the‐art device architectures through morphological manipulation and generic interface engineering. In this study, enhanced device performance of perovskite photovoltaics by magnetic field‐aligned CH3NH3PbI3‐mixed Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (CH3NH3PbI3:Fe3O4) composite thin films is reported. It is found that magnetic field‐aligned CH3NH3PbI3:Fe3O4 composite thin films possess superior film morphology, boosted and balanced charge carrier mobility, and suppressed trap density. Moreover, perovskite photovoltaics by magnetic field‐aligned CH3NH3PbI3:Fe3O4 composite thin films exhibit suppressed charge carrier recombination and shorter charge carrier extraction time. As a result, perovskite solar cells by magnetic field‐aligned CH3NH3PbI3:Fe3O4 composite thin films exhibit 20.23% power conversion efficiency with significantly reduced photocurrent hysteresis. Moreover, perovskite photodetectors by magnetic field‐aligned CH3NH3PbI3:Fe3O4 composite thin films exhibit a photoresponsivity of 858 mA W−1, a photodetectivity over 1013 Jones (1 Jones = 1 cm Hz1/2 W−1) and a linear dynamic range over 160 dB at room temperature. All these device performance parameters are significantly better than those by pristine CH3NH3PbI3 thin film. Thus, these studies provide a facile way to boost device performance of perovskite photovoltaics.
Brønsted Acid‐Promoted Diastereoselective [4+1] Cyclization Reaction of Enamides and Sulfoxonium Ylides
Authors: Luo Nan , Zhan Zhenzhen , Ban Zihui , Lu Guoqiang , He Jianping , Hu Fangpeng , Huang Guosheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA metal‐free synthesis of trisubstituted trans‐oxazolines using enamides and sulfoxonium ylides was developed in this study. A [4+1] cyclization reaction was realized by the formation of C−C and C−O bonds under mild conditions, wherein the reaction was catalyzed by HClO4. This strategy produced trans‐oxazolines in good yields with considerable diastereoselective control and is sufficient for large‐scale synthesis.magnified image
Detection and Accurate Classification of Mixed Gases Using Machine Learning with Impedance Data
Authors: Lee Kookjin , Nam Sangjin , Kim Hyojun , Jeon Dae‐Young , Shin Dongha , Lim Hyeong‐Gyun , Kim Chulmin , Kim Doyoon , Kim Yeonsu , Byeon Sang‐Hoon , Kim Gyu‐Tae 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn inexpensive and effective technique based on machine learning (ML) algorithms with impedance characterization to sense and classify mixed gases is presented. Specifically, this method demonstrates that ML algorithms can distinguish hidden and valuable feature information such as different gas molecules from surface‐charged activated carbon fibers. The feature information used for ML is obtained by measuring the impedance and fitting the measured values to an equivalent circuit model. The mixed gases are classified using such feature information to train various automatic classifiers. The collected data consist of the resistances and capacitances extracted from best fitting results in Cole–Cole plots, and they are 5D vectors. The data processed with unsupervised learning are clustered, evaluated with Silhouette scores, and then the unique hidden patterns of individual gases in the mixed gases are obtained. When the supervised ML algorithm, k‐nearest neighbor classifier, is used for the analytical features, all combinations of gases have 94% classification accuracy, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed technique.
Biaxial Strains Mediated Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis on Fenton Reaction Resistant L10‐PtZn Fuel Cell Cathode
Authors: Liang Jiashun , Zhao Zhonglong , Li Na , Wang Xiaoming , Li Shenzhou , Liu Xuan , Wang Tanyuan , Lu Gang , Wang Deli , Hwang Bing‐Joe , Huang Yunhui , Su Dong , Li Qing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPtM alloy catalysts (e.g., PtFe, PtCo), especially in an intermetallic L10 structure, have attracted considerable interest due to their respectable activity and stability for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, metal‐catalyzed formation of ·OH from H2O2 (i.e., Fenton reaction) by Fe‐ or Co‐containing catalysts causes severe degradation of PEM/catalyst layers, hindering the prospects of commercial applications. Zinc is known as an antioxidant in Fenton reaction, but is rarely alloyed with Pt owing to its relatively negative redox potential. Here, sub‐4 nm intermetallic L10‐PtZn nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized as high‐performance PEMFC cathode catalysts. In PEMFC tests, the L10‐PtZn cathode achieves outstanding activity (0.52 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 ViR‐free, and peak power density of 2.00 W cm−2) and stability (only 16.6% loss in mass activity after 30 000 voltage cycles), exceeding the U.S. DOE 2020 targets and most of the reported ORR catalysts. Density function theory calculations reveal that biaxial strains developed upon the disorder‐order (A1L10) transition of PtZn NPs would modulate the surface PtPt distances and optimize PtO binding for ORR activity enhancement, while the increased vacancy formation energy of Zn atoms in an ordered structure accounts for the improved stability.
2‐Thiopheneformamidinium‐Based 2D Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency of 16.72% and Negligible Hysteresis
Authors: Dong Yixin , Lu Di , Xu Zhiyuan , Lai Hongtao , Liu Yongsheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFormamidinium (FA)‐based 3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been widely studied and they show reduced bandgap, enhanced stability, and improved efficiency compared to MAPbI3‐based devices. Nevertheless, the FA‐based spacers have rarely been studied for 2D Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) perovskites, which have drawn wide attention due to their enormous potential for fabricating efficient and stable photovoltaic devices. Here, for the first time, FA‐based derivative, 2‐thiopheneformamidinium (ThFA), is successfully synthesized and employed as an organic spacer for 2D RP PSCs. A precursor organic salts‐assisted crystal growth technique is further developed to prepare high quality 2D (ThFA)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1 (nominal n = 3) perovskite films, which shows preferential vertical growth orientations, high charge carrier mobilities, and reduced trap density. As a result, the 2D RP PSCs with an inverted planar p‐i‐n structure exhibit a dramatically improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 7.23% to 16.72% with negligible hysteresis, which is among the highest PCE in 2D RP PSCs with low nominal n‐value of 3. Importantly, the optimized 2D PSCs exhibit a dramatically improved stability with less than 1% degradation after storage in N2 for 3000 h without encapsulation. These findings provide an effective strategy for developing FA‐based organic spacers toward highly efficient and stable 2D PSCs.
Recent Progress on Advanced Imaging Techniques for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Deng Zhe , Lin Xing , Huang Zhenyu , Meng Jintao , Zhong Yun , Ma Guangting , Zhou Yu , Shen Yue , Ding Han , Huang Yunhui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries are the most commercially successful electrochemical devices, extensively used in intelligent electronics, electric vehicles, grid energy storages, etc. However, there still needs to be further improvement of their performance such as in energy density, cyclability, rate capability, and safety. To do so, it is necessary to understand the detailed structural evolution progress inside the battery. Many advanced imaging techniques have been developed to directly monitor the status and get some key information inside the battery. For advanced imaging techniques, superhigh resolution, fully informative function, nondestruction of the sample, and in situ observation are required. This review introduces and discusses some recent important progress on a variety of advanced imaging techniques for battery research. These imaging techniques have enabled the visualization of sub‐micrometer level chemical valence distribution, evolution of solid‐electrolyte interface, Li dendrite growth, and trace amount of gassing, etc., which greatly promote the development of rechargeable batteries. Of particular note, a new ultrasonic imaging technique has been recently developed to monitor gas generation, the electrolyte wetting process, and the state of charge in the battery. Finally, a perspective is given on some future developments in the imaging techniques for Li‐ion batteries and other rechargeable batteries.
Opportunities and Reality of Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Shin Jaeho , Choi Jang Wook 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite the dominance of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) in today's battery market, they are not flawless. Accordingly, the battery community is striving to strengthen the global battery portfolio with alternative systems. One branch of this effort is research into aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs). The simplicity of this concept, as well as rising safety concerns in commercial LIBs, has attracted numerous ARB‐related investigations in the past decade. Such heightened interest calls for a critical assessment of the field, especially with respect to its current state and potential opportunities. This essay examines the reality of ARBs in terms of their current socio‐technological context, which has been formed through a long history of battery research and development, often intertwined with social demands of the time. Attention is directed toward rechargeable batteries, briefly discussing their history, chemistry, and applications. The emergence of LIBs and their quick rise to market dominance with the concurrent fall of primitive ARBs serves as context for evaluating the current reality for newly emerging ARBs. Assessing their current position in academia and the battery market allows us to identify future opportunities and hurdles for incorporating ARBs into the global battery portfolio.
A permeation model study of oxygen transport kinetics of BaxSr1‐xCo0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ
Authors: Zhu Yue , Cai Lili , Li Wenping , Cao Zhongwei , Li Hongbo , Jiang Heqing , Zhu Xuefeng , Yang Weishen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBaxSr1‐xCo0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ (BSCF) materials with different Ba doping amounts are widely applied as membranes for oxygen separation and electrodes in solid oxide cells. Different opinions were put forward about the effect of Ba contents on the oxygen transport kinetics. In this work, an oxygen permeation model was first used to investigate the effect of Ba content in BSCF (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) on the oxygen transport kinetics. The permeation resistance constants were obtained separately through fitting the condition experimental data to the model. With the increase of Ba content, the interfacial oxygen exchange resistance constants of both sides decrease quickly and then increase slightly, while bulk diffusion resistance remains monotone decreasing. The improvement of oxygen permeation flux is mainly contributed by the enhancement of interfacial oxygen exchange kinetics. It is inferred that Ba element may play an important role in the interfacial oxygen reactions.
Dynamical Fracture in Ice Ih as Modeled by TIP4P/Ice and mW Water Potentials
Authors: Moreira Pedro Augusto Franco Pinheiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFracture in ice Ih is simulated with molecular dynamics utilizing two potential fields, TIP4P/Ice and mW, and in different temperature conditions. The simulations produce propagating crack speeds over a large range of fracture energies. Terminal crack speed simulated with TIP4P/Ice potential can reach more than 200 m/s befitting experimental results. On the other hand, for mW potential, crack speed is around 5 m/s. The TIP4P/ice model suggests a brittle ice while mW potential describes a much more ductile material. The computational simulations are designed to permit direct comparison with experiments which can be performed in the hereafter. This comparison could provide a sensitive test to interatomic potentials.
One‐Pot Tandem Michael Addition/Enantioselective Conia‐Ene Cyclization Mediated by Chiral Iron(III)/Silver(I) Cooperative Catalysis
Authors: Horibe Takahiro , Sakakibara Masato , Hiramatsu Rin , Takeda Kazuki , Ishihara Kazuaki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe first one‐pot tandem Michael addition/enantioselective Conia‐ene cyclization of N‐protected prop‐2‐yn‐1‐amines with 2‐methylene‐3‐oxoalkanoates promoted by chiral iron(III)/silver(I) cooperative catalysts has been developed. Alkyl 4‐methylenepyrrolidine‐3‐acyl‐3‐carboxylates, which can be transformed into β‐proline derivatives, are obtained in high yield with high enantioselectivity.
Total Syntheses of (−)‐Conidiogenone B, (−)‐Conidiogenone, and (−)‐Conidiogenol
Authors: Xu Bo , Xun Wen , Su Shaobin , Zhai Hongbin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCyclopianes are novel diterpenes featuring a highly strained 6/5/5/5 tetracyclic core embedded with 6–8 consecutive stereocenters. The concise total syntheses of (−)‐conidiogenone B, (−)‐conidiogenone, and (−)‐conidiogenol have been accomplished in 14–17 steps. The present work features a HAT‐mediated alkene–nitrile cyclization to access the cis‐biquinane, a Nicholas/Pauson–Khand reaction to construct the linear triquinane, and a Danheiser annulation to afford the congested angular triquinane skeleton.
Electrospun mat of thermal‐treatment‐induced nanocomposite hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol and cerium oxide for biomedical applications
Authors: More Namdev , Ranglani Deepak , Kharche Shubham , Kapusetti Govinda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHydrogels are one of the most thought‐provoking formulations used widely for biomedical applications. In the present investigation, poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) and its cerium oxide (CO) composite‐based hydrogels were prepared by the combination of electrospinning and thermal processing technique. The partial crosslinking, along with time‐controlled heating (10 min), delivered PVA hydrogel. The mechanism was explained with Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, where the hydroxyl group disappeared in long‐duration (30 min) of heat treatment and they retain in lesser duration. The heat‐treated PVA transformed from amorphous to crystalline, since the Tg of PVA disappeared in 30 min heat treatment, while the Tg increased to 85°C (10 min heat treatment) from 70°C in PVA, suggested the full and partial crystallinity. The swelling and porosity studies reveal the hydrogel formation of heat‐treated PVA. Interestingly, CO reinforced PVA composites show better swelling with respect to heat‐treated PVA. Furthermore, CO reinforced PVA hydrogel demonstrated better biocompatibility platelet adhesion and accelerated wound healing competence.
Transmetalation in a Ce(III)‐phosphoester Crystalline Coordination Polymer with an Exceptionally High Selectivity for Yb(III) and Lu(III)
Authors: Tasaki‐Handa Yuiko , Tsuda Shiori , Shibukawa Masami , Saito Shingo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA novel crystalline coordination polymer containing Ce3+ and bis(4‐nitrophenyl) phosphate (L), CeL3, was synthesized and its unique transmetalation selectivities toward Yb3+ and Lu3+ in the lanthanide series were evaluated. The relatively large difference in transmetalation selectivity between the neighboring Tm3+ and Yb3+ species is noteworthy because the reactivities of heavy lanthanides are generally considerably similar. The structural strain of the polymeric framework is likely responsible for this unusual trend. Powder X‐ray diffraction analysis indicated that, in the cases of only Yb3+ and Lu3+, large differences in their ionic sizes compared to that of Ce3+ in the parent framework may induce a structural strain after solid solution formation, while cleavage of the relatively weak Ce−O bond allows the formation of new Yb−O and Lu−O bonds with the incoming Yb3+ and Lu3+, respectively. Structural phase transitions likely caused by the heterogeneous nucleation of the Yb‐ (or Lu‐) type phase were also observed.
Observer‐Based Sensor Attack Diagnosis for Cyber‐Physical Systems via Zonotope Theory
Authors: Zhang Xiangming , Zhu Fanglai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the attack detection, isolation and reconstruction problems for cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) under sensor attacks. We deal with all the issues in view of an overall system instead of every subsystem. To begin with, a Luenberger‐like observer is designed and a state interval estimation method is proposed based on the zonotope theory. And then, a sensor attack detection scheme is developed by using the interval estimation of the output error as the dynamic residual. Besides, the sensor detection method is modified to form a sensor attack isolation method to locate the exact subsystems suffering from sensor attacks. Moreover, by treating sensor attacks as part of the states, an augmented descriptor system is constructed and the state and sensor attack asymptotic estimation problems are discussed in detail. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed methods.