bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Second Look at Factors Associated with Employer Hiring Behavior Regarding People Who Are Blind or Have Low Vision
Authors: McDonnall Michele C. , Antonelli Karla 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Although negative employer attitudes and reasons that employers do not hire people with disabilities have both been investigated, little research has focused on why employers do hire people with disabilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with employer hiring behavior regarding people with visual impairments, including the opportunity to hire (i.e., application receipt). Method: Participants were a national sample of 388 hiring managers who completed an online survey that assessed their hiring experiences concerning people with visual impairments. Two logistic regression models were analyzed, one that included nine independent variables thought to be associated with hiring (Model 1) and one that included these nine variables plus application receipt (Model 2). Results: Variables that were significantly associated with hiring behavior in Model 1 were prior communication with vocational rehabilitation (VR) professionals, employer attitudes, company size, company policy, and personal relationship with someone with a visual impairment. Significant variables in Model 2 were received application, employer attitudes, and personal relationship. Discussion: As expected, application receipt was the most important predictor of hiring behavior, with odds of hiring increasing by more than 40 with receipt of an application. Despite this exceptionally strong relationship, employer attitudes and having a personal relationship remained significant predictors, indicating the robustness of attitudes as a determinant of why employers hire and the importance of personal connections to hiring behavior. Implications for practice: Employers cannot hire unless given the opportunity, and the first step to being hired is typically submitting an application. VR professionals should both encourage consumers to submit applications, providing support in this process as needed, and communicate with employers to encourage their consideration of these applications.
Myocardial protection technique structured on cardiac mass
Authors: Condello Ignazio , Lancellotti Patrizio , Speziale Giuseppe 
Published: November 2019

Objective: Myocardial protection is crucial in cardiac surgery: quantification is often difficult as there is a significant mismatch between body weight and heart weight as per geometric remodeling. This study has the objective to compare two groups of patients on the administration of myocardial protection in valvular pathologies: the first group has indexed the administration with left ventricular mass index; the second has indexed it on the body weight or on the body surface area. The primary endpoint of double-blind case-control study is to detect the difference in incidence in terms of post-operative low cardiac output syndrome. Methods: A single-center double-blind case-control study in a specialized regional tertiary cardiac surgery center in Italy. Between March 2017 and September 2018, 200 adults (100 per Group A vs. Group B) were scheduled for elective procedures: Group A (50 aortic valve replacement-50 mitral valve repair in minimally invasive cardiac surgery) used blood cardioplegic solution with Saint Thomas I solution, with calculation of left ventricular mass index with echocardiographic measures (Formula Group A); Group B (50 aortic valve replacement-50 mitral valve repair in minimally invasive cardiac surgery) used blood cardioplegic solution with Saint Thomas I solution, with calculation indexed on the body surface area, Du Bois Method (Formula Group B). Results: A statistically significant difference was found for Student’s t-test in patients who used myocardial indexed protection on left ventricular mass index versus control: aortic valve replacement procedures in aortic valve stenosis—ejection fraction (24 hours, p-value = 0.046), TnT (24 hours, p-value = 0.047), stroke volume shift (24 hours, p-value = 0.043), and infusion of epinephrine after cardiopulmonary bypass (p-value = 0.033); aortic valve replacement procedures in aortic valve insufficiency—ejection fraction (24 hours, p-value = 0.044), TnT (24 hours, p-value = 0.047), stroke volume shift (24 hours, p-value = 0.046), and infusion of Epinephrine after cardiopulmonary bypass (p-value = 0.029). No statistically significant differences in patients undergoing mitral valve repair surgery. Conclusion: The study group in the aortic valve surgery that administered myocardial protection indexed for the left ventricular mass index and showed a statistically significant lower incidence for post-operative low cardiac output syndrome compared to the control group.
The role of perfusion index and plethysmography variability index for predicting dehydration severity in patients with acute gastroenteritis
Authors: Emektar Emine , Dagar Seda , Uzunosmanoğlu Hüseyin , Çıkrıkçı Işık Gülşah , Çorbacıoğlu Şeref Kerem , Çevik Yunsur 
Published: November 2019

Background:Acute gastroenteritis is a clinical syndrome that may cause severe dehydration in affected individuals and a reason of mortality and morbidity in all age groups. Measurement of perfusion index and plethysmography variability index may provide emergency physicians valuable information about hemodynamics of the patient.Objectives:Our study aimed to investigate the role of perfusion index and plethysmography variability index measurement at admission for estimating dehydration severity and determiningthe possible change in those parameters after fluid replacement among patients presenting to emergency department with acute gastroenteritis.Methods:This was a prospective cross‐sectional study. Patients diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis at the emergency department were consecutively enrolled. The two groups were defined according to the severity of dehydration: mild and moderate/severe dehydration groups. The values of perfusion index and plethysmography variability index of all patients were measured.Results:A total of 180 patients were included in the study. As compared with the mild dehydration group, moderate/severe dehydration group had a significantly lower perfusion index value and significantly higher plethysmography variability index value on admission (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). Among moderate/severe dehydration patients, perfusion index value significantly increased and plethysmography variability index significantly decreased after treatment (p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between osmolarity and plethysmography variability index (r = 0.298; p = 0.007) and a significant negative correlation between osmolality and perfusion index (r = −0.259; p = 0.019) in the patients with moderate/severe dehydration.Conclusion:The study show that perfusion index and plethysmography variability index may be useful for determining the severity of dehydration in acute gastroenteritis and may be use for assessing the response to fluid replacement especially in patients with severe dehydration at emergency department.
A Worldwide Bibliometric Analysis of Publications on Advance Care Planning in the Past 3 Decades
Authors: Liu Chia-Jen , Yeh Te-Chun , Hsieh Ming-Hsuan , Woung Lin-Chung , Huang Sheng-Jean , Chen Ming-chih , Liu Chih-Kuang 
Published: November 2019

Background: In recent decades, issues related to end-of-life care and advance care planning (ACP) have attracted popular attention. Advance care planning has been broadly discussed as one of the potential solutions to protect a patient’s rights, autonomy, and dignity at the end of life. To better understand publishing on this topic, we conducted this study to demonstrate the worldwide research productivity, trends, and citations of ACP in the past 3 decades by bibliometric analysis. Methods: Articles published on ACP were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database, and the subject terms included “advance directive,” or “advance care planning.” Results: Overall, 2126 publications on ACP were retrieved until January 22, 2019. North America, Western Europe, and Australia were the most productive regions. The top 15 countries published 95.9% of the total number of articles. The United States accounted for approximately three-fifths (61.0%) of all publications. When adjusted for population size, Australia had the highest number of articles per million persons (6.64), followed by the Netherlands (6.14) and Belgium (4.61). The most productive authors were Sudore (n = 37), Deliens (n = 29), and Green (n = 24). Conclusions: The current study revealed that research in terms of publications on ACP has rapidly increased over the past 3 decades. Developed countries, especially the United States, were more concerned with the ACP research field than developing countries were.
The Reproducibility of the Jaw Index in the Measurement of Healthy Newborns
Authors: Mermans J.F. , Ghasemi S.M. , Lissenberg-Witte B.I. , Griot J.P.W. Don 
Published: November 2019

Objective:Establish the reliability of the jaw index to objectify the relationship between the maxilla and mandible in healthy newborns.Design:Cohort study.Setting:Tertiary setting.Patients:A total of 52 healthy newborns were included to detect an inter and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.8 with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of width 0.3. Inclusion criteria were children born full term without respiratory or feeding problems, and without congenital malformations or facial deformities due to birth trauma. Uncooperative patients were excluded.Interventions:The jaw index, a measuring tool for objectifying micrognathia in children suspected of having Robin sequence, was used. An ICC of greater than 0.8 was considered clinically relevant.Main Outcome Measure(s):Primary outcomes are the reliability of the jaw index expressed as interclass correlation coefficient and ICC. Secondary outcomes are the mean jaw index and mean length of the mandible, maxilla, and the alveolar overjet.Results:An interclass correlation coefficient of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.49-0.86) and an ICC of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.66-0.89) were found. The mandible had an average length of 162.6 mm (standard deviation [SD] 11.1), the maxilla 168.7 mm (SD 9.4), the alveolar overjet 2.0 mm (SD 0.60), and the mean jaw index was 2.1 (SD 0.64).Conclusion:The jaw index is a consistent instrument between different observers as well as for one observer measuring consecutively in the same child, to objectify the size of the lower jaw compared to that of the upper jaw in healthy newborns.
Moving our Understanding of Team Dynamics from the Simulation Room to the Operating Room
Authors: Gallowaya Trysha , Stevensa Ron , Yulec Steven , Gormane Jamie , Willemsen-Dunlap Ann , Dias Roger 
Published: November 2019

Healthcare organizations rely on simulations of complex processes to provide the training required for individuals and teams to evolve their skills and maintain high levels of competence in medical domains. Inherent in this process is the belief, generally founded on macro-scale measures such as observations and workplace-based assessments, that simulations provide the degree of psychological fidelity needed to accomplish this goal. A paradigm shift is underway toward a more dynamic perspective of teamwork to include psycho-physiological measures which will shape the creation of new forms of simulations, performance measures, and practices. Initially it is expected that these dynamic understandings will be derived from simulation studies. However, it is currently unknown at the neural / physiologic/ cognitive level how well simulation training elicits the types of dynamic thinking that is actually used by operating room teams during live-patient surgery, i.e. the ecological validity of simulation environments is unknown for dynamic neural and physiologic measures of team performance. This panel will describe efforts to address this question. Among the questions the panel will consider are: • To what extent do neurodynamic behaviors seen during simulations diverge from those in the operating room? • What are the implications for improving patient safety when communication, cognitive, and neurodynamic analysis become real-time? • Can biometric and communication measures better inform root cause analyses and best practices during live-patient encounters? The topics discussed anticipate the time when dynamic biometric data can contribute to our understanding of how to rapidly determine a team’s functional status, and how to use this information to optimize outcomes and training. The rapid, dynamic and task neutral measures will make the lessons learned in healthcare applicable to other complex group and team environments. They will also provide a foundation for incorporating these models into machines to support the training and performance of teams.
Training Machines to Recognize Neural Correlates of Team and Team Member Uncertainty
Authors: Stevensa Ronald , Galloway Trysha 
Published: November 2019

Every human decision has its origins in uncertainty. Despite its ubiquity, and theoretical understandings, there are few ways of dynamically tracking moment-by-moment uncertainties. Knowing when a team or one of its members was beginning to experience uncertainty would provide a basis for assessment-intervention loops enabling machines to better support human activities. In this paper we describe efforts to train machines to recognize neural correlates of team and team member uncertainty. Second-by-second symbolic representations of EEG power were created from each team member and quantitative estimates of their neurodynamic information were calculated from the Shannon entropy of the symbol streams. Neurodynamic information was isolated from thirty-one 70-127s segments where speech indicated surprise or uncertainty by team members. The first 70s of these segments were classified by self-organizing artificial neural networks to provide profiles of the onset of uncertainty. The thirty-one segments were classified into six artificial neural network categories based on dynamic profiles and the levels of neurodynamic information. The categories were sufficiently distinct to suggest that alternative forms of feedback could be developed for each category. The results suggest that computer machines can be taught to recognize the onset, and possibly predict the duration of uncertainty in humans performing complex tasks. The ability of machines to recognize neurodynamic correlates of uncertainty provide the potential for developing real-time feedback and scaffolding for teams and team members performing in complex task environments.
Systematic Investigation of the Asiana Airlines 214 Air Crash Using the AcciMap Methodology
Authors: Tabibzadeh Maryam , Shapeti Vivek , Mokhtari Mohammad 
Published: November 2019

This paper utilizes the AcciMap methodology, which was originally developed by Rasmussen in 1997, to systematically investigate the unfortunate aviation accident of Asiana Airlines 214 in San Francisco on July 6, 2013, which resulted in 3 fatalities and the complete loss of the aircraft. This paper captures the associated socio-technical factors into a hierarchical map that correlates the multiple levels of interaction between different categories and key involved players that ultimately resulted in this air crash. In most accidents, including the Asiana Airlines 214, majority of the blame is laid on front-line operators. In this accident, the pilots are blamed for not adhering to standard operating procedures and training guidelines of Asiana Airlines. This is while accidents do not occur as the act of individuals, but rather due to highly responsive and combined processes that involve decisions of several layers of key players. Some of the other significant contributing factors to this accident are lack of overseeing and enforcing regulations; insufficient training provided by the airline company to pilots; no specific requirements by the company to mandate physical/manual, instead of only simulated, line training; cockpit culture; and complex flight control manuals. The AcciMap methodology has been applied to analyze accidents in different industries, such as railroad, offshore drilling and chemical processing. It is, however, noteworthy that due to our knowledge, this methodology has been used for the analysis of very few aviation accidents.
Networking: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly an Interactive Discussion Panel on Networking
Authors: Scholcover Federico , Beadle Sarah , Hancock Gabriella M. , Hughes Ashley , McLaughlin Anne , Stronge Aideen , Bowles C. Travis 
Published: November 2019

Having a strong professional network is important. It’s “…an investment that pays off in the future” (Wolf & Moser, 2009), predicting positive changes in career attainment. However, networking is often considered more of a soft-skill, where many lack formal training. With that in mind, panelists from a diverse set of fields and career levels will share their personal experiences and lessons learned on networking. Audience members will be given the opportunity to ask panelists follow up questions. The last third of the alternative format panel will be spent engaged in an activity to foster networking and a debrief of the activity. Presentation time: 40 minutes, Q/A time: 20 minutes, Networking Activity: 15 minutes, Activity Debrief: 15 minutes.
Standards in practice: All things considered
Authors: Chin John , Blanchard Harry , Benincasa Seve , Kremer Jennifer Trich , Parker Michael 
Published: November 2019

Both public institutions and private enterprises are motivated to follow standards in order to comply with government regulations, establish market and brand identity, and streamline processes to create modular and scalable solutions. Standards offer several key benefits from a consistent user experience, including: reduced training, fewer errors, greater usability, increasing user satisfaction, and minimizing costs. This panel covers a wide range of topics spanning different industries reflecting the diversity of organizational approaches and challenges faced by practitioners embedded in development programs. Presenters will share their methodologies as well as lessons learned from their current and past experiences.
The Use of Imaging to Detect Intracranial Tumors in Idiopathic Olfactory Dysfunction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Birkenbeuel Jack L. , Cheung Dillon C. , Sahyouni Ronald , Goshtasbi Khodayar , Chua Janice T. , Choy Joseph A. I. , Bitner Benjamin , Kuan Edward C. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo review the literature regarding the use of intracranial imaging as a screening tool for idiopathic olfactory loss (IOL) and to review the incidence of identifying a sinonasal or intracranial neoplasm as a result of intracranial imaging.MethodsA systematic review of published English-language literature was performed using PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases.ResultsOf the 694 available abstracts, 5 met inclusion criteria for this review. Out of 470 eligible patients, intracranial imaging identified tumors causing IOL in 8 patients (1.7%). Tumor detection rates ranged from 0% to 4.9%. Of the 470 eligible patients, intracranial imaging detected intracranial or sinonasal pathology, excluding tumors, causing IOL in 53 patients (11%). The findings ranged from 0.77% to 23%. Of the 604 eligible IOL patients, 470 (81%) underwent intracranial imaging, ranging from 53% to 100%.ConclusionsIn most cases, diagnostic imaging in IOL patients is frequently ordered. This study finds computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging to be an important recommendation given to all patients with IOL. Although the overall rate of detecting tumor from diagnostic imaging is low, it is important to offer diagnostic imaging to this subset of patients to avoid missing tumors at an early stage.
A Bayesian meta-analysis on early tobacco exposure and vascular health: From childhood to early adulthood
Authors: Georgiopoulos Georgios , Oikonomou Dimitrios , Pateras Konstantinos , Masi Stefano , Magkas Nikolaos , Delialis Dimitrios , Ajdini Erold , Vlachou Victoria , Stamatelopoulos Kimon , Charakida Marietta 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Smoking has been consistently associated with increased cardiovascular risk in adults. Although exposure to tobacco products often starts in early life, evidence for the possible adverse effects on the cardiovascular system of the young is scarce. We sought to derive pooled estimates of smoking effects on indices of early vascular damage in children and adolescents.

Design and methods
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies involving young individuals up to 21 years old that provided data on smoking exposure (active or passive) and flow-mediated dilatation, carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity and maximum carotid intima-media thickness. We employed three distinct methodologies of random-effects data synthesis, including the Sidik-Jonkman estimator, the Hartung and Knapp correction and a Bayesian method with a well-informed prior on the level of between-study variance.

Results
In 12 studies and 5279 individuals in total, smoking exposure was related to deterioration in all three outcomes (mean adjusted flow-mediated dilatation decrease: −0.77%, 95% confidence interval −1.38–−0.15, mean adjusted pulse wave velocity increase: 0.1 m/s, 95% confidence interval 0.02–0.17 and mean adjusted carotid intima-media thickness increase: 0.35 mm, 95% confidence interval 0.16–0.55, for the Sidik-Jonkman estimator). No difference was established between active and passive smoking on associations with arterial damage.

Conclusions
Exposure to tobacco products is associated with subclinical vascular damage early in life, even from childhood. Public health initiatives should target these very young age groups to prevent early smoking exposure and associated arterial damage and its sequelae.
A Cost-Minimization Analysis of Intraoperative Costs in Arthroscopic Bankart Repair, Open Latarjet, and Distal Tibial Allograft
Authors: Uffmann William J. , Christensen Garrett V. , Yoo Minkyoung , Nelson Richard E. , Greis Patrick E. , Burks Robert T. , Tashjian Robert Z. , Chalmers Peter N. 
Published: November 2019

Background: The optimal surgical treatment of anterior shoulder instability remains controversial. Hypothesis: (1) Implants and facility-related costs are the primary drivers of variation in direct costs between arthroscopic Bankart and Latarjet procedures, and (2) distal tibial allograft (DTA) is more costly than Latarjet as a function of the graft expense. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Intraoperative cost data were derived for all arthroscopic anterior stabilizations and Latarjet and DTA procedures performed at a single academic institution from January 2012 to September 2017. Cost comparisons were made between those undergoing arthroscopic stabilization and Latarjet and between Latarjet and DTA. Multivariate regressions were performed to determine the difference in direct costs accounting for various patient- and surgery-related factors. Results: A total of 87 arthroscopic stabilizations, 44 Latarjet procedures, and 5 DTA procedures were performed during the study period. Arthroscopic Bankart repair was found to be 17% more costly than Latarjet, with suture anchor implant cost being the primary driver of cost. DTA was 2.9-fold more costly than Latarjet, with greater costs across all domains. Multivariate analysis also found the number of prior arthroscopic procedures performed ( P = .007) and whether the procedure was performed in an ambulatory or inpatient setting ( P < .0001) to be significantly associated with higher direct costs. Conclusion: Latarjet is less costly than arthroscopic Bankart repair, largely because of implant cost. Value-driven strategies to narrow the cost differential could focus on performing these procedures in an outpatient setting in addition to reducing overall implant cost for arthroscopic procedures. Perceived potential benefits of DTA over Latarjet may be outweighed by higher costs.