bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons Learned from Long-Term Effectiveness Monitoring of Instream Habitat Projects
Authors: Krall Michelle , Clark Christopher , Roni Phil , Ross Kai 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The placement of instream structures to improve habitat for salmon and other fishes is one of the oldest and most common habitat improvement techniques. Since 2004, the Washington State Salmon Recovery Funding Board (SRFB) has been evaluating 23 instream habitat restoration projects by using a before–after control–impact (BACI) design. Sites (i.e., paired impact and control reaches) were monitored once before restoration implementation and several years after implementation on a rotating schedule (at years 1, 3, 5, and 10). Vertical pool profile area, mean residual profile depth, large wood (LW), and fish densities were quantified. Volume of LW increased significantly by year 10, while vertical pool profile area, mean residual profile depth, and fish densities did not significantly increase or meet the management targets (20% increase) by year 10. Increases in LW were expected given the restoration treatments (LW and engineered log jam additions). Vertical pool profile area and mean residual profile depth initially significantly increased (at years 1 and 3), though the results were no longer significant by year 10. The lack of a significant response in geomorphic metrics and juvenile fish by year 10 may be due to the low number of sites that were monitored for 10 years after restoration, but it is more likely due to challenges with implementing the monitoring program. These challenges included sample timing across years, poorly matched impact and control reaches, data management, and limitations in the monitoring protocols and metrics that were used. Our results demonstrate the importance of proper implementation of monitoring programs and suggest that future research and monitoring of instream projects should consider stratifying by ecoregion, seasonal fish sampling (summer and winter), improved habitat survey methods, more rigorous selection of impact and control reaches, critically assessing and clearly defining success, and the use of a posttreatment design.
On smoothers for multigrid of the second kind
Authors: Aksoylu Burak , Kaya Adem 
Published: October 2019

SummaryWe study smoothers for the multigrid method of the second kind arising from Fredholm integral equations. Our model problems use nonlocal governing operators that enforce local boundary conditions. For discretization, we utilize the Nyström method with the trapezoidal rule. We find the eigenvalues of matrices associated to periodic, antiperiodic, and Dirichlet problems in terms of the nonlocality parameter and mesh size. Knowing explicitly the spectrum of the matrices enables us to analyze the behavior of smoothers. Although spectral analyses exist for finding effective smoothers for 1D elliptic model problems, to the best of our knowledge, a guiding spectral analysis is not available for smoothers of a multigrid of the second kind. We fill this gap in the literature. The Picard iteration has been the default smoother for a multigrid of the second kind. Jacobi‐like methods have not been considered as viable options. We propose two strategies. The first one focuses on the most oscillatory mode and aims to damp it effectively. For this choice, we show that weighted‐Jacobi relaxation is equivalent to the Picard iteration. The second strategy focuses on the set of oscillatory modes and aims to damp them as quickly as possible, simultaneously. Although the Picard iteration is an effective smoother for model nonlocal problems under consideration, we show that it is possible to find better than ones using the second strategy. We also shed some light on internal mechanism of the Picard iteration and provide an example where the Picard iteration cannot be used as a smoother.
Stability properties of the Discontinuous Galerkin Material Point Method for hyperbolic problems in one and two space dimensions
Authors: Renaud Adrien , Heuzé Thomas , Stainier Laurent 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIn this paper, stability conditions are derived for the Discontinuous Galerkin Material Point Method (DGMPM) on the scalar linear advection equation for the sake of simplicity and without loss of generality for linear problems. The discrete systems resulting from the application of the DGMPM discretization in one and two space dimensions are first written. For these problems, a second‐order Runge‐Kutta and the forward Euler time discretizations are respectively considered. Moreover, the numerical fluxes are computed at cell faces by means of either the Donor‐Cell Upwind or the Corner Transport Upwind methods for multidimensional problems. Second, the discrete scheme equations are derived assuming that all cells of a background grid contain at least one particle. Although a Cartesian grid is considered in two space dimensions, the results can be extended to regular grids. The von Neumann linear stability analysis then allows the computation of the critical Courant number for a given space discretization. Although the DGMPM is equivalent to the first‐order finite volume method if one particle lies in each element, so that the Courant number can be set to unity, other distributions of particles may restrict the stability region of the scheme. The study of several configurations is then proposed.
Synthesis of molecular‐weight‐controlled polyfluorene with boronate at one end
Authors: Tokita Yu , Sugawara Kotaro , Awayama Riho , Ohta Yoshihiro , Yokozawa Tsutomu 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTWe investigated the synthesis of polyfluorene with a pinacol boronate (PinB) moiety at one end and with controlled molecular weight by means of Suzuki–Miyaura coupling polymerization of pinacol (7‐bromo‐9,9‐dioctyl‐9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)boronate (1) with a palladium(0) precatalyst in the presence of pinacol 4‐trifluoromethylphenylboronate (2) as a chain terminator and CsF/18‐crown‐6 as a base. When we used AmPhos Pd G2, which has a propensity for intramolecular catalyst transfer on a π‐electron face, polyfluorene with the PinB moiety at one end and PhCF3 (derived from 2) at the other end was obtained, and the molecular weight increased in proportion to the feed ratio of [1]0/[catalyst]0, though the molecular weight distribution was broad. Since the molecular weight also linearly increased with respect to the conversion of 1 until the middle stage of polymerization, the polymerization appears to involve chain‐growth polymerization through intramolecular catalyst transfer from the Pd catalyst inserted into the CBr bond of 1. The broad molecular weight distribution might be mainly due to slow initiation and slow termination with 2, rather than polymer–polymer coupling. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2498–2504
Practice, information and the development of a digital platform
Authors: Allen David K. , Irnazarow Aleksandra , McLauglin Fiona 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper reflects upon the development of a digital platform using a theoretically informed, bottom‐up approach to the co‐production where the researchers were immersed in the design and development process. It draws upon three concepts from activity theory illustrating how each illuminates the development of the platform.
Machine translation literacy: Academic libraries' role
Authors: Bowker Lynne 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTEnglish is the main language of scholarly communication, but most researchers are not native English speakers. Machine translation (MT) technology is advancing, but such tools rarely produce high quality output of specialized text without human intervention. There is an emerging need for MT literacy, and academic librarians are well placed to deliver it. This poster reports the results of an MT literacy workshop delivered at Concordia University Library.
The impact of a prescribed journal list of disciplinary publishing
Authors: Campbell‐Meier Jennifer , Sylvester Allan , Woods Jacob 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn 2007, the Association for Information Systems created a basket of eight journals that claim to bound the discipline. A review of the literature found 41 studies discussing the impact of the basket on scholarly publishing. While the basket of eight has had a positive impact on the impact factors for Information Systems, an increase that has not appeared in the LIS journal set, a review of citations finds a steady increase in the number of basket of eight journals being cited within the basket of eight. This paper discusses the impact the basket of eight has had on cited references.
Capturing the change in topical interests of personas over time
Authors: Jansen Bernard J. , Jung Soon‐gyo , Salminen Joni 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn this research, we collect monthly content consumption and demographic data from YouTube over two years for a large media publisher. We use automation to generate 15 personas each month and examine the consistency of the generated personas over time. We find that there are 35 unique personas in total for the entire period, reflecting the changes in the underlying audience population. For each persona, we generate topics of interest and identify the top three monthly topics for each of the 35 personas following an identical algorithmic approach each month. We then compare the sets of topical interests of the personas month‐over‐month for the entire two‐year period. Findings show that there is an average 20.2% change in topical interests and that 68% of the personas experience more topical change than topical consistency. Findings suggest that the topical interests of online audiences are fluid and changes in the underlying audience data can occur within a relatively short period, resulting in the need for constant updating of personas using data‐driven methods. The implications for organizations seeking to understand their online audience are that they should employ routine data analysis to detect changes in the audience interests and investigate ways to automate their persona generation processes.
Identifying the contribution–influence gap in the science and technology community
Authors: Chang Yu‐Wei , Huang Mu‐Hsuan , Kuan Chung‐Huei 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis study uncovered the gap between scientific and technological contributions and scientific and technological influence by tracking scientists who received two national awards that recognized their scientific and technological achievements. The results show that scientific and technological contributions can be made by the same intellectual ideas, indicating the complex relationship between science and technology. Only a few scientists had received a remarkable number of citations of their scientific publications and patents over decades. The contribution–influence gap indicates that quantifying the scientific and technological contributions of some scientists is difficult.
Understanding interactions among citizens, government authorities, media, and ngos on twitter during natural disaster
Authors: Chen Sijing , Mao Jin , Wang Xiao , Li Gang 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTSocial media has been adopted by various stakeholders to propagate information and communicate online for disaster‐related discussions. This study aims to investigate the characteristics of interaction among multiple stakeholders on social media during natural disaster. Tweets related to Hurricane Harvey were analyzed. Four types of users reflecting the stakeholders of disaster were predicted by a supervised classifier. The communications among different user groups were formulated as an interaction network. Interaction characteristics of different user groups were compared through social network analysis. Preliminary results suggest that government authorities are frequently interacted and usually act as brokers in emergency communication. Individual citizens actively interact with others during the disaster. Media and NGO users have more external interaction. The findings of this study provide practical insights into emergency communication among different types of users.
Analyzing divergent methodologies for political fact checking: United States and South Korea
Authors: Choi Wonchan , Haigh Maria 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work in progress, we explore methods employed by professional journalists to fact‐check political claims and debunk inaccurate (“fake”) news stories. We content‐analyzed 150 articles evaluating political claims and debunking fake news published by two media companies, the Washington Post (United States) and JTBC (South Korea), during the periods surrounding the recent presidential elections in their respective countries. Overall, the most common types of claims evaluated included false claims made by politicians or political groups about their opponents' positions and numerical and nonnumerical facts. The most frequently used methods for debunking such false claims included consulting with an independent expert in the given topic domain and checking government statistics or documents. There were some variations in the types of false claims focused and debunking methods used between the two fact‐checking organizations.
In memoriam boleslaw Matuszewski: The origin of film librarianship
Authors: Domínguez‐Delgado Rubén , López‐Hernández María‐Ángeles 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn the current context of state policies characterized by hefty budget cuts affecting film preservation, thus seriously jeopardizing our film heritage and clashing with the pronouncements made by the UNESCO in 1980, our intention here is to analyze two texts published in Paris in 1898 by the eulogizing, but otherwise unknown, Pole Boleslaw Matuszewski: A New Source of History and Animated Photography, What Is, What Should Be. Although they have not received the recognition that they deserve, both works were crucial to the history of film insofar as they would play a vital role in film preservation as a cultural heritage.
Characteristics of collaborative information seeking activities during group trip planning: A preliminary study
Authors: Fardous Jannatul , Du Jia Tina 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTCollaborative work among tourists is a topic of ongoing interest in information seeking area, and such activities are constantly evolving as technology advances. This paper explores the characteristics of a tourists group's activities during tourism information seeking. We conducted interviews with nine groups of tourists. The analysis identified four main characteristics of collaborative information seeking (CIS) activities in group trip planning process: initial co‐planning on the trip, seeking and sharing of information, prioritization of choices, and collaborative decisions. The findings of CIS characteristics will help CIS developer and tourism service operators to integrate new customized features and strategies to support group trip planning.
The false trade‐off of relevance for safety in children's search systems
Authors: Figueiredo Vanessa , Meyers Eric M. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTSince the wide adoption of the Internet in public schools and libraries, parents, educators and caregivers have been concerned about the safety and efficacy of children's search practice, often willing to accept diminished information quality to ensure that young searchers do not encounter illicit materials. In this study, part of a broader examination of youth search practices in the early years, we demonstrate that “safe”, child‐oriented search engines provide less relevant results, while failing to keep children from the unfiltered Web, the narrow definition of safety proffered by the sites themselves. Based on our findings, we suggest that the rhetorics of these search tools present a false trade‐off and may actually hinder inquiry practice, as opposed to supporting safe and developmentally appropriate access to online materials.
Health information at intersections: Toward more inclusive personal health records for marginalized users
Authors: Gibson Amelia N. , Bowen Kristen L. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper highlights findings of two health information‐seeking studies and applies them to the design of personal health library. Both studies focus on themes related to information marginalization and access – the first among Black and Latina tween and teen girls, and the second among autistic (Autistic Self‐Advocacy Network, 2019) teens and young adults. The paper presents emergent findings related to common information values and defensive information behaviors among both study samples and examines implications for design of personal health records & libraries for groups traditionally marginalized in U.S. healthcare systems.
Put relational databases in your data curation toolbox
Authors: Jordan Jenna 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis poster paper makes a case for the use of relational databases as a data curation tool, especially for datasets that are published separately but can be used together due to a common identifier scheme and shared attributes. The Correlates of War datasets are used as an illustrative example to show how the normalization process results in a design with greater data reusability, while check constraints and foreign key constraints can improve data quality.
Analyzing public opinion toward the 2019 North Korea–United States summit through mining twitter
Authors: Kim Jaewon , Kim Ji‐young , Zhu Yongjun 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe study aims to understand public opinion toward the 2019 North Korea–United States summit. Specifically, we investigate the changes in public opinion before and after the summit through comparing and analyzing networks of major keywords extracted from Twitter. We found a clear difference between public opinion before and after the summit. For example, we could see that the differences in public perception of End of war, peace, and freedom changed. The clear difference between Chinese and South Korean representatives can be interpreted as to how international relations and domestic situation lead to public opinion. This study shows that network analysis can be useful for quantitative public opinion analysis.
A study for categorizing relations between headword and aliases
Authors: Kim Jiyoun , Koo Youngeun , Zhu Yongjun 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, we propose a method of categorizing relations between a headword and its aliases using Korean Wikipedia data. We propose orthographically similar types and orthographically different types. Orthographically similar types are divided into 5 types: Word space, Pronunciation difference, Omission, Abbreviation, and Word order change while different types are also classified into 4 types: Foreign word, Acronym, Paraphrased expression and Call name. We show examples to verify the proposed method.
Memory making and documenting in a diaspora small world
Authors: Kizhakkethil Priya 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTDiaspora communities are known for the transnational nature of their information networks and it is imperative that information behavior research takes into account the global nature of their information worlds. This early stage research study looks at women belonging to a diaspora and part of an online community converging around a leisure activity, especially focusing on the role of memory making and documenting as part of their information and document experience.
An experimental comparison on reading comprehension effect of visual, audio and dual channels
Authors: Liu Huiyun , Cao Shujin , Wu Shiyu 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTAudiobooks is booming audibly in the mobile age. According to Global Audiobook Trends and Statistics (2018), audio‐book performed better than e‐book, and US has occupied the largest market share, and the sales reached 21 billion dollars in 2016 and 23.5 billion dollars in 2017. Though previous researches show that the reading comprehension effect of audio channel is better than that on visual channel and the reading comprehension effect of dual channel combining visual and audio channel is better than the single channel. However, is that also established on the new mobile device? Using an experiment approach, we found that (1) The reading comprehension effect of the audio channel is better than that of the visual channel. (2) The reading comprehension effect of the dual channel is better than that of any single channel. That means listen to audiobooks through the audio channel and even the new reading format, like VR reading or AR reading should be encouraged in terms of the reading comprehension effect.
Location recommendation by combining geographical, categorical, and social preferences with location popularity
Authors: Ma Yaxue , Mao Jin , Li Gang 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTLocation recommendation could not only increase location visibility, but free users from information overload dilemma. We propose a novel location recommendation method, which first exploits geographical proximity of locations and check‐in history of users' friends to measure geographical preference and social preference respectively, and innovatively estimates categorical preference by calculating semantic similarity between location tags based on category hierarchy. Then, all of three preferences are integrated, and location popularity is introduced as a coefficient to determine the priority of locations to be recommended. The preliminary result on a publicly available real‐word dataset shows that the proposed method significantly outperforms two state‐of‐the‐art baselines. This study expands the methods of location correlation measurement, and can meet user's personalized information needs.
Computational analyses of the relation of theme and genre in the writing of aphra behn
Authors: Mazel Adam , Dumas Catherine 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThis poster displays the results of preliminary computational analyses of the writing of Aphra Behn, a Restoration‐era woman of letters who wrote in a variety of genres. We analyze a selection of her diverse corpus via term frequency and topic modeling to consider how theme and genre relate in her writings: did Behn express similar themes in the many genres in which she wrote, or did she explore certain themes in certain genres, suggesting that her thematic interests determined the genres in which she wrote and vice versa? Analyzing the relationship between theme and genre in her writing offers insight into whether Behn adhered to the longstanding classical aesthetic concept of decorum: the belief, widespread when Behn wrote, that certain genres require certain themes and vice versa. Our preliminary analysis suggests both that she adhered to decorum and that computational text analysis is useful for studying theme and genre in individual authors.
Toward responsible scholarly communication and innovation: A survey of the prevalence of retracted articles on scholarly communication platforms
Authors: Mine Shinji 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTOpen scholarly communication benefits us with unprecedented open access to scholarly information and many innovations, but it requires adequate quality control. This study aims to identify the extent of online availability of retracted articles across all disciplines in early 2019. In all, 1,541 articles were identified in Web of Science, published between 2000 and 2018. Using Google, Google Scholar, and Sci‐Hub, the full text of articles were searched on formal and informal platforms. The results showed that while even formal publishers could not comply with Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines (e.g., the lack of retraction alerts and open availability), most copies on informal platforms were non‐Version of Record, lacking any information of retraction. This preliminary study showed online propagation and inadequate quality control of the retracted articles by scholarly communication platforms, particularly by informal platforms.