bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iso-UniK: lightweight multi-process unikernel through memory protection keys
Authors: Li Guanyu , Du Dong , Xia Yubin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUnikernel, specializing a minimalistic libOS with an application, is an attractive design for cloud computing. However, the Achilles’ heel of unikernel is the lack of multi-process support, which makes it less flexible and applicable. Many applications rely on the process abstraction to isolate different components. For example, Apache with the multi-processing module isolates a request handler in a process to guarantee security. Prior art tackles the problem by simulating multi-process with multiple unikernels, which is incompatible with existing cloud providers and also introduces high overhead. This paper proposes Iso-UniK, a new unikernel design enabling multi-task applications with the support of both functionality and isolation. Iso-UniK leverages a recent hardware feature, named Intel Memory Protection Key (Intel MPK), to provide lightweight and efficient isolation for multi-process in unikernel. Our design has three benefits compared with previous approaches. First, Iso-UniK does not need hypervisor support and is thus compatible with existing cloud computing platforms; second, Iso-UniK promises fast system calls with only 45 cycles; last, a process can be isolated with a flexible configuration. We have implemented a prototype based on OSv, a unikernel system supporting unmodified applications. Iso-UniK can achieve fast fork operation with only 66 μs for multi-process applications. Our evaluation shows that the isolation and multi-process support in Iso-UniK will not damage the applications’ performance.
Gut eukaryotic communities in pigs: diversity, composition and host genetics contribution
Authors: Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , Prenafeta-Boldú Francesc , Zingaretti Laura M. , Gonzalez-Rodriguez Olga , Dalmau Antoni , Quintanilla Raquel , Ballester Maria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe pig gut microbiome harbors thousands of species of archaea, bacteria, viruses and eukaryotes such as protists and fungi. However, since the majority of published studies have been focused on prokaryotes, little is known about the diversity, host-genetic control, and contributions to host performance of the gut eukaryotic counterparts. Here we report the first study that aims at characterizing the diversity and composition of gut commensal eukaryotes in pigs, exploring their putative control by host genetics, and analyzing their association with piglets body weight.ResultsFungi and protists from the faeces of 514 healthy Duroc pigs of two sexes and two different ages were characterized by 18S and ITS ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The pig gut mycobiota was dominated by yeasts, with a high prevalence and abundance ofKazachstaniaspp. Regarding protists, representatives of four genera (Blastocystis, Neobalantidium, Tetratrichomonas and Trichomitus) were predominant in more than the 80% of the pigs. Heritabilities for the diversity and abundance of gut eukaryotic communities were estimated with the subset of 60d aged piglets (N = 390). The heritabilities of α-diversity and of the abundance of fungal and protists genera were low, ranging from 0.15 to 0.28. A genome wide association study reported genetic variants related to the fungal α-diversity and to the abundance ofBlastocystisspp. Annotated candidate genes were mainly associated with immunity, gut homeostasis and metabolic processes. Additionally, we explored the association of gut commensal eukaryotes with piglet body weight. Our results pointed to a positive contribution of fungi from theKazachstaniagenus, while protists displayed both positive (BlastocystisandEntamoeba) and negative (Trichomitus) associations with piglet body weight.ConclusionsOur results point towards a minor and taxa specific genetic control over the diversity and composition of the pig gut eukaryotic communities. Moreover, we provide evidences of the associations between piglets’ body weight after weaning and members from the gut fungal and protist eukaryote community. Overall, this study highlights the relevance of considering, along with that of bacteria, the contribution of the gut eukaryote communities to better understand host-microbiome association and their role on pig performance, welfare and health.
Suicide after contact with substance misuse services: a national registry study
Authors: Myhre Martin Ø. , Kildahl Anine T. , Walby Fredrik A. 
Published: May 2020

Background
People with substance use disorders have a well-known increased risk for taking their own life. Previous research has mainly focused on suicide in mental health services, whereas there is limited knowledge regarding suicide after contact with substance misuse services.

Aims
The aim of the current study was to describe the utilisation of both mental health services and substance misuse services among people who have died by suicide within a year of contact with substance misuse services.

Method
We used an explanatory observational design, where all suicide deaths in the period from 2009 to 2016 were retrieved from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and linked with the Norwegian Patient Registry. The people who had been in contact with substance misuse services within a year before their death were included in the sample (n = 419). The analysis was stratified by gender, and variables with significant differences between men and women were entered into a multivariate logistic regression model.

Results
More women (73.5%) than men (60.6%) had contact with mental health services in their last year (P = 0.01). In the adjusted logistic regression model, poisoning was more common among women (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.81, 95% CI 1.09–3.02) and women were more likely to be diagnosed with a sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use disorder (F14) in their last year (AOR = 2.77, 95% CI 1.37–5.68).

Conclusions
This study highlights gender differences for suicide in substance misuse services, and the importance of collaboration and cooperation between substance misuse services and mental health services.
Curating Trans Erotic Imaginaries
Authors: Horak Laura 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article considers the archival, political, and ethical questions raised by curating a public exhibit of archival trans erotic material through a case study of the author's 2019 exhibit Trans Porn Imaginaries: A Half-Century of Transvestite Lawmen and Gendertrash from Hell, which presented materials from the Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies' Sexual Representation Collection and the ArQuives: Canada's LGBTQ2+ Archives at the University of Toronto's iSchool. The exhibit explored intersections between trans erotic representation and BDSM, gay liberation, Playboy's vision of straight male sexual cosmopolitanism, the feminist porn movement, and sex worker politics. In this article, the exhibit's curator discusses the importance of pornography to trans cultural production, the limits of the archive (especially when researching pornography), and the ethics and politics of putting trans sexual representations on display. Ultimately, the author argues that exhibits such as this one can demonstrate the breadth, diversity, and longevity of transness in popular erotic imaginaries and the creativity of earlier generations of trans cultural producers, as well as create the opportunity for some people to see themselves and their desires represented.
Do north-eastern German pharmacies recommend a necessary medical consultation for acute diarrhoea? Magnitude and determinants using a simulated patient approach
Authors: Langer Bernhard , Kunow Christian 
Published: May 2020

Background: In Germany, non-pharmacists (pharmacy technicians and pharmaceutical technical assistants) are permitted to advise on and sell medications in addition to pharmacists. The aim of this study was to determine if pharmacists and non-pharmacists referred patients to a medical consultation for a scenario in which consulting a doctor was mandatory (‘appropriate outcome’) and what the quality of questioning and – if a medication was dispensed – the quality of information provided were in this context. The study also aimed to determine which factors predicted a necessary referral to a doctor. Methods: A cross-sectional, covert simulated patient study was conducted in a random sample of community pharmacies stratified by location in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Each pharmacy was visited once by one of four trained investigators. They simulated a symptom-based request involving a grandmother with acute diarrhoea. A multivariate binary logistic regression analysis using potential variables from bivariate analysis was carried out to determine the predictors for a referral to a doctor. Results: All 199 planned visits were conducted. A necessary referral to a doctor was recommended in 59.8% (n=119) of all visits. The most commonly asked question was ‘for whom is the medication?’ (75.4%, n=150), while ‘clarification by a doctor’ was asked the least (17.6%, n=35). In 87.9% (n=175) of all visits a medication was dispensed. Multivariate analysis revealed that, unlike pharmacists, non-pharmacists have a 2.446 times higher likelihood of recommending a referral to a doctor (p = 0.044; 95% CI = 1.025–5.835). Conclusions: In almost half of the visits a necessary referral to a doctor was not recommended. Furthermore, the quality of questioning and the quality of information were below expectations. Moreover, involvement of non‑pharmacists was surprisingly identified as a relevant factor influencing the appropriate outcome.
Exploring Students’ Perception and Belief of Extensive Reading Program in Improving Reading Ability and Language Competences
Authors: Anggraini Winda Ari 
Published: May 2020

The aim of this research was to investigate students’ perception toward a small-scale project of extensive reading (ER) program. ER is believed can improve many aspects of language skills, including vocabulary, reading speed, listening, speaking, and writing (Day and Bamford, 1998; Renandya, 2007). Therefore, research participants were also asked about their view on reading ability and other linguistic competences improvement. This research utilized case study specifically focused on three students who showed outstanding progress through the project, using semi-structured interview for data collection. The paper concludes with positive results for both students’ perception and their reading ability and language competence.
Self-management of oxygen and bronchodilators to relieve the dyspnoea of lung cancer with pneumoconiosis
Authors: Kim Jung Won , Park Eun Young 
Published: May 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the level of dyspnoea and the self-management strategies used to alleviate dyspnoea in lung cancer patients with concurrent pneumoconiosis, particularly oxygen therapy and bronchodilator treatment. Furthermore, the authors aimed to determine the factors associated with such self-management and to provide a basis for developing an applicable and safe treatment plan for alleviating dyspnoea. Method: This study involved a cross-sectional survey. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from 79 participants between January and July 2016, and self-management strategies were analysed using analysis of variance and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: In terms of the self-management practices employed to relieve dyspnoea, 53.2% of the patients adjusted their oxygen intake and 70.9% used bronchodilators over the prescribed dosage. Adjusting the oxygen intake was not significantly associated with any of the patient characteristics. The factors related to increased bronchodilator use were the presence of comorbidities, cardiopulmonary function, subjective respiratory distress, activities of daily living, and the number of prescribed bronchodilators. Conclusion: Dyspnoea is a severe critical condition, and urgent management of its clinical symptoms is required. Healthcare professionals who care for patients with lung cancer with pneumoconiosis should pay attention to the dyspnoea and manage it based on clinical evidence. Development of customised, integrated nursing treatment plans is needed to alleviate dyspnoea in patients with complications and chronic dyspnoea who have low daily activity levels.
Pay, terms and conditions for primary care nursing teams
Authors: Marsden Paula 
Published: May 2020

With recruitment into primary care slow and pay structures still up for debate, Paula Marsden reveals how Primary Care Networks and the new Allied Health Professional roles can assist general practices in retaining nurses The Government has promised to deliver 50 000 more nurses and to partially reinstate the student nurse bursary plan. One programme that has been successful in creating a more rigid career framework for primary care nurses is the General Practice Nursing 10 Point Plan (GPN10PP) ( NHS England, 2017 ). However, the GPN10PP omitted any reference to pay, terms and conditions. Furthermore, the number of nurses moving out of the community setting and into general practice remains slow, due to general practices' ability to provide adequate training placements. This paper discusses how the newly formed Primary Care Networks (PCNs) can aid in improving recruitment, as well as how to improve pay, terms and conditions for primary care nurses.
Population ecology size and habitat preference of the ghost orchid Didymoplexis pallens in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia
Authors: Zulkarnaen Rizmoon , R. Vitri Garvita  , Hary wawangningrum  , Kartika Ning Tyas  
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Zulkarnaen RN, Garvita RV, Wawangningrum, H, Tyas KN. 2020. Population ecology size and habitat preference of the ghost orchid Didymoplexis pallens in Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2056-2061. Didymoplexis pallens is a terrestrial orchid that has leafless characteristics. The population ecology of D. pallens is still not widely known because it only grows in certain areas and at certain times. This study aims to know the population ecology and habitat preference of D. pallens. The study was conducted in Bogor Botanic Gardens where D. pallens occurred naturally. The research method uses purposive sampling by establishing observation plots around bamboo collections in the garden. The results showed that D. pallens had a large population around specific bamboos, such as Gigantochloa verticillate, Gigantochloa atroviolacea and Dendrocalamus giganteus. In addition, the presence of D. pallens populations was strongly influenced by the presence of other plants that compete around it and light intensity. The Principal Component Analysis revealed there are two components of the abiotic factor that influenced the existence of D. pallens, i.e. the first component consisting of coverage, air humidity, temperature, and soil humidity. The second component consisting of litter thickness and soil pH.
Enlarging focal depth using epsilon-near-zero metamaterial for plasmonic lithography
Authors: Jin Qijian , Liang Gaofeng , Chen Gang , Zhao Fen , Yan Shaokui , Zhang Kun , Yang Mengyu , Zhang Qi , Wen Zhongquan , Zhang Zhihai 
Published: May 2020

Plasmonic lithography can utilize evanescent waves to produce subdiffraction patterns. However, the high loss and shallow depth of patterns severely obstruct its application in practice. In this work, a large focal depth is achieved for deep subwavelength lithography. It is accomplished by employing radially polarized light to excite surface plasmons on a concentric annular grating and combining designed epsilon-near-zero metamaterial to select a high spatial frequency mode, which can shape an evanescent Bessel beam in a photoresist (PR). Moreover, the intensity distribution of the subdiffraction beam can be further enhanced and uniformized by adding reflective layers. It is shown that a needle-like beam with a focal depth of over 500 nm (

1.23

λ

) is formed in the PR layer, and the full width at half maximum of the beam is widened from only 80 nm (

0.2

λ

) to 94 nm (

0.23

λ

). The analyses indicate that this design is applicable for direct writing lithography to produce super-resolution patterns with small feature size, high aspect ratio, and strong field intensity.
The Process of Innovation Diffusion and Adoption of Innovations in the Business Modelling for Travel Companies
Authors: KARMANOV Mikhail Vladimirovich , KISELEVA Irina Anatolievna , KUZNETSOV Vladimir Ivanovich , ZAVRAZHIN Anatoly Vladimirovich , SHUBINA Irina Vladimirovna 
Published: May 2020

The international practice among leading companies indicates that there is no successful development and sound company performance improvement, particularly, in tourism, without a proper strategy as a complex of measures tailored to achieve the set goal.
Technology development in tourism represents a leading trend of the global economy, shaped by the restructuring of modern society. The Russian Federation public policy has a clear set economic goal in the tourism sector, which is to transform tourism as a competitive, innovative stable and profitable sector of national business. Tourism is characterised by a complicated relationship system between the providers and consumers of services, between travel companies and their competitors and between business partners. A travel company's activities in the market include finding a niche; tourism product development; determining the scope of services; refinement of pricing; expansion of promotion activities, research; ensuring investment; cooperation with other companies; government relations. Today, various methods and models are intensely adopted in the development of business management systems in tourism, which reflects the increased competitiveness of products in the tourism market. The paper discusses development models for travel companies, methods for solving optimisation problems of the regional territorial arrangement of tourism and hotel business and establishes the influence of external environment factors over the creation of a hotel operation.
Food as a Sustainable Alternative Tourism Promotion in 3S Destinations
Authors: BABOLIAN HENDIJANI Roozbeh 
Published: May 2020

Purpose - The tourism sector has played an important role for the economy of island destinations such as Bali. The importance of food tourism as an alternative tourism to promote sustainability for Bali has not been fully explored in terms of visitors’ point-of-view; therefore, the knowledge about satisfaction of tourists about food experience is still in its initial stages. This research aims to explore the satisfaction of international tourists and asses if food has the potential to be used as an alternative to promote sustainable tourism.
Design – Besides the theoretical implication of this research regarding tourism industry in Indonesia, this study also gives practical application into the matter of tourism industry in Indonesia.
Methodology - This research applied a quantitative method where self-administrated questionnaires were distributed among 150 participants. Some statistical analysis such as factor analysis, multiple linear regression and descriptive analysis were used to analyze the data.
Findings - The finding of analysis showed that “environment” and “serving” were significant factors that affected the satisfaction of tourists. The findings have implications for food tourism management and marketing strategies in order to promote sustainable tourism in 3s destinations.
Originality - This study was one of the few to assess the role of food as an alternative tourism in 3S destination.
Characterization of velocity fluctuations and the transition from transient to steady state shear banding with and without pre-shear in a wormlike micelle solution under shear startup by Rheo-NMR
Authors: Al-kaby Rehab N. , Codd Sarah L. , Seymour Joseph D. , Brown Jennifer R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRheo-NMR velocimetry was used to study shear banding of a 6 wt.% cetylpyridinium chloride (CPCl) worm-like micelle solution under shear startup conditions with and without pre-shear. 1D velocity profiles across the fluid gap of a concentric cylinder Couette shear cell were measured every 1 s following shear startup for four different applied shear rates within the stress plateau. Fitting of the velocity profiles allowed calculation of the shear banding characteristics (shear rates in the high and low shear band, the interface position and apparent slip at the inner rotating wall) as the flow transitioned from transient to steady state regimes. Characteristic timescales to reach steady state were obtained and found to be similar for all shear banding characteristics. Timescales decreased with increasing applied shear rate. Large temporal fluctuations with time were also observed and Fourier transform of the time and velocity autocorrelation functions quantified the fluctuation frequencies. Frequencies corresponded to the elastically driven hydrodynamic instabilities,i.e.vortices, that are known to occur in the unstable high shear band and were dependent upon both applied shear rate and the pre-shear protocol.
Novel borosilicate bioactive scaffolds with persistent luminescence
Authors: Cerro Paloma Roldán Del , Teittinen Henriikka , Norrbo Isabella , Lastusaari Mika , Massera Jonathan , Petit Laeticia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPersistent luminescent amorphous borosilicate scaffolds were successfully prepared, for the first time, with a porosity of >70% using the burn-off technique. The persistent luminescence was obtained by adding the SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ microparticles: i) in the glass melt or ii) in the glass crushed into powder prior to the sintering. The scaffolds prepared by adding the microparticles in the glass melt exhibits lower persistent luminescence and a slower reaction rate in simulated body fluid than the scaffolds prepared by adding the microparticles in the glass powder due to the release of strontium from the microparticles into the glass during the glass melting.
Effect of excess Fluoride consumption on Urine-Serum Fluorides, Dental state and Thyroid Hormones among children in “Talab Sarai” Punjab Pakistan
Authors: Zulfiqar Sadia , Ajaz Humayun , Rehman Shafiq ur , Elahi Shan , Shakeel Amer , Yasmeen Farhat , Altaf Shehnila 
Published: May 2020

Abstract190 children aged 7-18 years from an endemic fluorotic village “Talab Sarai (n = 130) and a non-fluorotic, control, village “Ottawa” (n = 60) were selected for comparison. Children were examined for fluoride (F-) concentration in drinking water, urine, and serum as well as Dental fluorosis (DF) and thyroid hormone levels. The mean concentration of water fluoride (WF) in the sample group was 6.23 mg/L, urine fluoride (UF) 3.38 mg/L, and serum fluoride (SF) 0.21 mg/L, while DF was 93.07%. Significant elevations (P = 0.000) in the concentration of all these four variables were observed in sample group children as compared to control. Mean Free Tetra-iodothyronine (FT4), Free Tri-iodothyronine (FT3) and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) concentrations in the sample group were 16.64pmol/L, 5.57 pmol /L and 4.41 mlU/L, respectively. No marked difference in FT4 (P = 0.1) was noted, while significant elevations in FT3 and TSH (P = 0.000) were found in the sample relative to the control group. 80% of the children displayed clear thyroid hormonal derangements, with 36.92% having high TSH and 43.07% with FT3 and FT4 disorders. A moderate to strong correlation among WF, UF, SF and DF (r = 0.94, 0.60, 0.60, 0.72) and a very strong correlation between WF and TSH (r = 0.9) were observed. Our results suggest that excess F- level that is four times greater than the “safe limit” is not only increasing fluoride concentration in body fluids but is also affecting thyroid hormones in 4 out of 5 children which could lead to abnormal physical and mental growth in later developmental stages.