bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-Form New Knee Society Score: What Is Its Responsiveness and Convergent Validity with Other Scores?
Authors: Maniar Rajesh Navin , Maniar Parul Rajesh , Chanda Debashish , Gajbhare Dnyaneshwar , Chouhan Toral 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe short-form version of New Knee Society Score (SF-NKSS) was designed with a purpose to reduce respondent burden. Literature review revealed only one report by Scuderi et al on responsiveness of derived SF-NKSS, but it was evaluated in two separate patient cohorts pre- and postsurgery. Our study had evaluated responsiveness and convergent validity of derived SF-NKSS in a single, large patient cohort followed longitudinally from preoperative status to over 1 year. Our database of 148 knee arthroplasty patients operated by the same surgeon, whose NKSS, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), and 12-item Short-Form Survey (SF-12) scores were prospectively collected preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 and 12 months for a study published earlier, was analyzed for derived SF-NKSS. Responsiveness was evaluated by determining the effect size, standardized response mean (SRM), and ceiling and floor effects. For convergent validity, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used. SF-NKSS was found to be most responsive with the largest effect size and SRM at 3 months (3.02 and 2.50, respectively) and at 12 months (3.58 and 2.92, respectively) with no ceiling or floor effect. SF-NKSS was followed in responsiveness by original NKSS, WOMAC, and SF-12 in a descending order. Convergent validity showed a strong correlation (r = 0.8–1.0; p < 0.001) of SF-NKSS with NKSS and a moderate to strong correlation (r = 0.5–0.6; p < 0.001) with WOMAC and SF-12. We concluded that SF-NKSS is a reliable, highly responsive tool for post-total knee replacement evaluation. It also has the ability to register improvement in the patient's recovery, which can continue even after 1 year. We found that the SF-NKSS can be used interchangeably with the original NKSS.
Stigma for Mental Disorders among Nursing Staff in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Sharma Neha , Mehra Aseem 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of stigma for mental disorders among nursing staff in a tertiary care hospital, and the secondary objective of the study was to assess the correlation of stigma with the socio-demographic profile and previous experience with mentally ill patients.

Methods This cross-sectional study was performed among the 210 nurses working in a tertiary care multispecialty teaching public sector hospital in north India. They were evaluated on community attitudes toward the mentally ill (CAMI) scale.

Results About two-thirds of the participants (67.1%) were females and had done graduation (64.2%) in nursing. Nearly 50% of the study participants had an experience of working with mentally ill patients. Female had a more significant positive attitude on the domain of social restrictiveness. Authoritarianism had a significant positive correlation with benevolence and social restrictiveness domains. The benevolence domain had a significant correlation with all other domains. Social restrictiveness domain also had a significant correlation with other domains.

Conclusion Nurses have a positive attitude toward mentally ill patients.
Advances in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Pediatric Epilepsy
Authors: Gonzalez-Giraldo Ernesto , Sullivan Joseph E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEpilepsy is a common disorder in children and adults that causes significant morbidity and affects many aspects of a patient's lives. Two-thirds of patients with epilepsy are controlled with established antiseizure medications, leaving a significant number of patients searching for other options. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent advancements in the management of treatment-resistant epilepsy in pediatric patients. Recent publications have shown the efficacy of new pharmaceutical options such as fenfluramine and cannabidiol, some of which have been tested specifically in patients with childhood-onset epilepsy syndromes such as Dravet's syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut's syndrome. Furthermore, recent approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration of stiripentol has made available a previously difficult-to-obtain option for patients with Dravet's syndrome. Finally, implanted responsive neurostimulation devices for direct cortical stimulation and deep brain stimulation have shown efficacy in adult patients and may represent a thrilling new horizon for pediatric patients.
Platelet and Red Blood Cell Indices in Patients with Panic Disorder: A Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis
Authors: Ransing Ramdas S. , Gupta Neha , Agrawal Girish , Mahapatro Nilima 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objective Panic disorder (PD) is associated with changes in platelet and red blood cell (RBC) indices. However, the diagnostic or predictive value of these indices is unknown. This study assessed the diagnostic and discriminating value of platelet and RBC indices in patients with PD.

Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study including patients with PD (n = 98) and healthy controls (n = 102), we compared the following blood indices: mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and RBC distribution width (RDW). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratio for the platelet and RBC indices.

Results Statistically significant increase in PDW (17.01 ± 0.91 vs. 14.8 ± 2.06; p < 0.0001) and RDW (16.56 ± 2.32 vs. 15.12 ± 2.43; p < 0.0001) levels were observed in patients with PD. PDW and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration had larger AUC (0.89 and 0.74, respectively) and Youden’s index (0.65 and 0.39, respectively), indicating their higher predictive capacity as well as higher sensitivity in discriminating patients with PD from healthy controls.

Conclusion PDW can be considered a “good” diagnostic or predictive marker in patients with PD.
Adoption of an Electronic Medical Record Tool for Childhood Obesity by Primary Care Providers
Authors: Williams Amy , Turer Christy , Smith Jamie , Nievera Isabelle , McCulloch Laura , Wareg Nuha , Clary Megan , Rajagopalan Anuradha , Brownson Ross C. , Koopman Richelle J. , Hampl Sarah 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Primary care providers are tasked with the increasingly difficult job of addressing childhood obesity during clinic visits. Electronic medical record (EMR)-enabled decision-support tools may aid providers in this task; however, information is needed regarding whether providers perceive such tools to be useful for addressing nutrition and physical activity lifestyle behaviors.
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness and usability of FitTastic, an EMR-enabled tool to support prevention and management of childhood obesity in primary care.
Methods In this mixed-method study, we implemented the FitTastic tool in two primary-care clinics, then surveyed and conducted focused interviews with providers. Validated Technology Acceptance Model perceived usefulness and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) perceived usability survey questions were e-mailed to 60 providers. In-depth provider interviews with family medicine and pediatric physicians (n = 12) were used to further probe adoption of FitTastic.
Results Surveys were completed by 73% of providers (n = 44). The mean score for FitTastic's usefulness was 3.3 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.54, scale 1–5, where 5 is strongly agree) and usability, 4.8 (SD = 0.86, scale 1–7, where 7 is strongly agree). Usefulness and usability scores were associated with intention to use FitTastic (correlation for both, p < 0.05). Data from provider interviews indicated that useful features of FitTastic included: standardizing the approach to childhood obesity, and facilitating conversations about weight management, without increasing cognitive workload. However, use of FitTastic required more time from nurses to input lifestyle data.
Conclusion FitTastic is perceived as a useful and usable EMR-based lifestyle behavior tool that standardizes, facilitates, and streamlines healthy lifestyle conversations with families. Perceived usability and usefulness scores correlated with provider intention-to-use the technology. These data suggest that EMR-based child obesity prevention and management tools can be feasible to use in the clinic setting, with potential for scalability. Usefulness can be optimized by limiting amount of time needed by staff to input data.
Possibility and necessity and the scope of negation in Early Middle Chinese
Authors: Meisterernst Barbara 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper provides a classification of modal verbs of possibility and necessity in Late Archaic and Early Middle Chinese based on an analysis of their scopal features with respect to negation. It shows that circumstantial readings and deontic readings are interpreted in two different syntactic positions which can be determined by the scope of negation following the cartographic approach proposed in Tsai (2008,2015) and the proposal ofCormack and Smith (2002)of a Polarity Head, which constitutes a syntactic divide of the domain of necessity modals from the domain of circumstantial modals. Our analysis of the scope of negation demonstrates that the deontic interpretation of possibility modals requires their upward movement from the lexical to the functional domain as part of the grammaticalization process from pre-modal lexical verbs to modal auxiliaries of different functions in Modern Mandarin. In Early Middle Chinese, negated modal verbs of possibility start to replace the synthetic modal negators of Archaic Chinese as part of the general process of analyticization of Chinese. We also show that the only true necessity modals in Late Archaic Chinese belong to the category of circumstantial modals due to their scopal features when they are negated.
An analysis of focus and its role in the answering systems of polar questions in Chinese and English
Authors: Liou Mei-Ling Teresa , Liu Chen-Sheng Luther 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInstead of classifying natural languages in terms of their answering systems for polar questions, this study investigates how languages construct the answering system for the polar questions with a special concentration on the answering system of the Chinesemaparticle question and English polar questions. We argue that the primarily mechanism that natural languages adopt to construct an answering system is the focus mechanism which is based on the relationship between a focus sensitive marker and its association of focus. The different answering patterns to polar questions result from different scopes of focus. In a polar question, what is being focused by the focus sensitive marker or focus operator falls into question scope (focus association). The respondent answers the polar question based on the proposition in the question scope. Answering with a positive particle expresses agreement with that question proposition while answering with a negative particle conveys that the question proposition is not true.
County-Level Factors Underlying Opioid Mortality in the United States
Authors: Langabeer James R. , Chambers Kimberly A. , Cardenas-Turanzas Marylou , Champagne-Langabeer Tiffany 
Published: March 2020

Background Mortality from overdoses involving opioids in the United States (U.S.) has reached epidemic proportions. More research is needed to examine the underlying factors contributing to opioid-related mortality regionally. This study's objective was to identify and examine the county-level factors most closely associated with opioid-related overdose deaths across all counties in the U.S. Methods Using a national cross-sectional ecological study design, we analyzed the relationships between 17 county-level characteristics in four categories (i.e. socio-economic, availability of medical care, health-related concerns, and demographics) with opioid mortality. Data were extracted from the Robert Wood Johnson County Health Rankings aggregate database and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research (WONDER) system. Results There were 1058 counties (33.67% of 3142 nationally) with reported opioid-related fatalities. Median opioid-related mortality was 15.61 per 100,000 persons. Multivariate regression results indicate that counties with the highest opioid-related mortality had increased rates of tobacco use, HIV, Non-Hispanic Caucasians, and females and were rural areas, but lower rates of food insecurity and uninsured adults. The rates of tobacco use and HIV had the strongest association with mortality. Availability of either mental health or primary care providers were not significantly associated with mortality. Severe housing problems, high school graduation rate, obesity, violent crime, and median household income also did not contribute to county-level differences in overdose mortality. Conclusions Future health policies should fund further investigations and ultimately address the most influential and significant underlying county-level factors associated with opioid-related mortality.
Enhanced energy confinement after series of pellets in Wendelstein 7-X
Authors: Baldzuhn J , Damm H , Beidler C D , McCarthy K , Panadero N , Biedermann C , Bozhenkov S A , Dinklage A , Brunner K J , Fuchert G , Kazakov Y , Beurskens M , Dibon M , Geiger J , Grulke O , Höfel U , Klinger T , Köchl F , Knauer J , Kocsis G , Kornejew P , Lang P T , Langenberg A , Laqua H , Pablant N A , Pasch E , Pedersen T S , Ploeckl B , Rahbarnia K , Schlisio G , Scott E R , Stange T , Von Stechow A , Szepesi T , Turkin Y , Wagner F , Winters V , Wurden G , Zhang D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A series of ice pellets was injected into the advanced stellarator Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X). Although the pellets were small and slow, deep and efficient particle fueling could be observed experimentally. The most striking feature appearing after the injection of the pellets, however, was a transient increase in the energy confinement time. This transient phase resembled in several aspects modes of enhanced confinement after gas-puff or pellet injection, as observed in other fusion experiments. All experimental attempts, to prolong this phase, failed. In this paper, discharges are described that show the enhanced energy confinement, and some conditions are summarized which seem to be essential in order to generate it. The focus here is on deep particle fueling by pellets, and shaping of the density profiles during and after the series of pellets. During this time, neutral gas particle re-fueling at the plasma edge is reduced, while density profile peaking and low impurity radiation losses are present.
The effect of variation in the amount of Hemicellulose from Corn Cobs (Zea mays L) and pH on Metronidazole Microparticle Release
Authors: Dalimunthe Gabena Indrayani , Muchlisyam  , Harahap Urip , Nasution Azizah 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the percentage of metronidazole microparticle release in an acidic environment at pH 1.2 and an alkaline environment at pH 7.4 and pH 8 in which the highest release occurred and to investigate the microparticle release kinetics. Method: The research method used was an experimental method by making metronidazole microparticles with variations in the amount of hemicellulose from corn cobs which were combined with sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and propylene glycol (PG). The mixture was then put into capsules made from a combination of hemicellulose and sodium alginate (3:1). Results: Formula IV provided the smallest percentage of release in the gastric medium at pH 1.2 which was in the 240th minute with 1.80 ± 0.06 percent, followed with the formula IV in the intestinal medium at pH 7.4 in the 600th minute with (3.14 ± 0.13) percent. The largest release in formula IV was found in the colon medium at pH 8 which was in the 600th minute (66.21 ± 0.82) percent. The metronidazole microparticle formula using 200 mg of hemicellulose was not significantly different from using 250 mg of hemicellulose. The metronidazole microparticle release kinetics were formulated using 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg of hemicellulose, all of which followed the zero order, first order, and the Higuchi order release kinetics. Conclusion: The release kinetics of metronidazole available on the market showed greater results than the metronidazole microparticles release which was formulated with variations in the amount of hemicellulose in various mediums.
Design of a Problem-Based Virtual Learning Environment
Authors: Mukhtar  , Mulyono  , Daulay K R , Siregar E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aims to develop a problem-based virtual learning environment with interactive scaffolding for junior high school mathematics learning. Although several virtual learning environments for problem-based learning have been developed in response to developments in information and communication technology and the need for innovation in learning, the inclusion of interactive scaffolding as external support needed by students during the problem-solving process still has not received special attention. The development in this research follows the stages of ADDIE: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Research results are still limited to the design stage.
Pineapple callus induction from Sipahutar North Sumatera Indonesia (Ananas comosus L.) with bud as a source explant
Authors: Harahap F , Djulia E , Purnama D , Nusyirwan  , Altio V , Rahayu S , Rosmayati  , Poerwanto R , Hasibuan R F M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The preservation and development of Sipahutar pineapple is very important to do. One of the most effective ways is with tissue culture techniques. The aim of this research is to know the effect of 2,4-Diclorofenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), kinetin, and interaction of both Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) to callus induction on pineapple (Ananas comosus L.) from Sipahutar Sumatera Utara Indonesia. The design of this study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design, namely is 2.4-D with 3 doses of treatment (0, 1, 2 ppm) as the first and the second factor of kinetin with 3 doses (0, 0.5, 1 ppm). The observation process was conducted for 28 days and 35 days after induction. The parameters observed were the formation time of callus, callus color, callus biomass, and the height of callus pile. The results showed that 2,4-D, kinetin and interaction of 2,4-D and kinetin significantly influenced the time of callus formation, callus biomass, and significant effect on the height of callus pile. The time of callus formation is the fastest on day 8 after induction. The best of callus color is whitish green comes from 2,4-D 0 ppm and kinetin 1 ppm treatment. The highest biomass is 1.69 grams. The highest stack height of callus was 2.32 cm. The highest biomass, stack height, surface area of callus derived from the treatment of 2,4-D 0 ppm and kinetin 0 ppm.
The analysis of students’ learning difficulties on the structure and function of animal tissue topic in second grade (science) in senior high school
Authors: Simatupang Z , Manik M C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The objectives of this study are to know the level of students’ learning difficulty on the structure and function of animal tissue topics based on the indicator and cognitive aspects and also identify the factor influences it could happen. This descriptive research conducted in SMA Negeri 1 Perbaungan and all second-grade students are the research population. They grouped into four classes and using a purposive sampling method, 50 students from each class who have difficulty on this topic taken as samples. The data were analyzed both in qualitative and quantitative ways. The multiple-choice test with 30 questions used to identify the student’s ability on the topic. For influencing factors, an interview and a closed typed questionnaire employed to collect the data. The study revealed that the student’s ability was less than the minimum score means that the student experienced difficulty on this topic. The difficulty based on cognitive and indicator found at a moderate to a high level. Furthermore, the factors that influenced learning difficulty were seven factors included learning habits, motivation, teacher, and learning activity. These factors influenced at a moderate level, while learning source, interest, and the nature of the topic influenced at a high level.
Developing of student worksheets with scientific approach on growth and development topic at SMAN 1 berastagi grade XII academic year 2019/2020
Authors: Sitanggang I , Gultom E S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This research aims to design and produce Student Worksheets based on scientific approach on Growth and Development topic. The research design used is Research and Development method with 3D model which is define, design and developing stage. The subjects of this research were Material Expert, Learning Expert, Biology Teacher, and Students of grade XII SMAN 1 Berastagi that consist of 6 classes with 216 students as population sample number. Data collection was carried out with instrument in the form of questionnaire, while the data analysis using qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The result showed this product classified into very feasible category with an average score 95,93% by material and learning experts assesment, meanwhile the assessment of biology teacher obtained 95% with very good category as well. The student responses of the small group, limited group, and large group trials obtained very good category with the whole average score 91,66 %. This student worksheets obtains “Very Feasible” criteria and has fulfilled the requirements of eligibility for use as a medium of biology learning process.
The Development of Trigonometry E-Modules For Senior High School Using Differentiated Instruction (DI) Approach
Authors: Mardiyah  , Johar R , Mailizar  
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis research aimed to develop trigonometry e-module for senior high schools through Differentiated Instruction (DI) approach based on Moodle. The method used in this research were Research and Development using Plomp model (2013), consisted of the stages of preliminary research, prototyping, and assessment. This research only discussed research results of the first two stages. Preliminary research stage was the analyzing step that included the curriculum, the students’ characteristics, and learning materials analyses. The instruments used in this stage were the need analysis sheet, the observation sheet and the interview guidelines. The research subjects in the first stage were the principal, two Year 11 mathematics teachers and five Year 11 mathematics and science students selected randomly. The next stage was prototyping, where the researcher administered the validation sheet to five students. The result of preliminary stages showed that mathematics teachers have already used the curriculum 2013, and both students and teachers needed an interesting learning media. The validation result of the prototyping stages showed that the module developed was valid and practical. The subsequent stage will be testing the module.