bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A calculation method for friction coefficient and meshing efficiency of plastic line gear pair under dry friction conditions
Authors: Chen Yangzhi , Lin Yifan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA calculation method for the friction coefficient and meshing efficiency of plastic line gear (LG) pair under dry friction conditions was studied theoretically and experimentally, taking a polyoxymethylene parallel line gear pair (POM PLGP) as an example. Firstly, the geometric and mechanical models of PLGP were built by considering the effects of misalignment and loaded deformation under the actual operating condition. Then, the friction coefficient of POM specimens was obtained via the ball-on-disk experiment, of which the value varies between 0.35 and 0.45 under the experimental conditions. The calculation formula for the friction coefficient of POM LG pair was obtained by fitting the friction coefficient of the POM specimens, and the meshing efficiency of POM LG pair was calculated based on the calculation formula for friction coefficient and the meshing efficiency calculation approach. Finally, the meshing efficiency of POM PLGP specimens was measured using a homemade gear meshing efficiency test rig. The experimental results validated the feasibility of the proposed calculation method for the friction coefficient and meshing efficiency of the plastic LG pair. This study provides a method for the calculation of the friction coefficient and meshing efficiency of plastic gear pairs under dry friction conditions. It also provides the basis for the wear calculation of plastic LG pair under dry friction conditions.
The microgravity enhanced polymer-mediated siRNA gene silence by improving cellular uptake
Authors: Yang Tongren , Yu Chanchan , Wang Changrong , Li Chunhui , Zhang Mengjie , Luo Xiaofan , Weng Yuhua , Dong Anjie , Li Xiaoqiong , Deng Yulin , Huang Yuanyu 
Published: November 2020

Graphical abstract

Abstract
Microgravity (MG) effect is a weightlessness phenomenon caused by the distance from the ground or low gravity of other planets outside the earth’s atmosphere. The various effects of MG have been corroborated in human and animal studies and modeled in cell-based analogs. However, the impact of MG on siRNA performance remains to be elucidated, which is crucial for aerospace medicine. In this study, we prepared nucleic acid nanomicelles (EAASc/siRNA) by using tri-block copolymer of PEG45-PAMA40-P(C7A36-DBA37) (EAASc) and siRNA and explored its working mechanism under simulated microgravity (SMG) condition generated by a random positioning machine (RPM). The binding ability of EAASc to siRNA and silence activity were firstly confirmed in normal gravity (NG) environment. Evaluation of PLK1 mRNA expression revealed that gene inhibition efficiencies were increased by 28.7% (HepG2) and 28.9% (A549) under SMG condition, compared with those under NG condition. In addition, mechanism exploration indicated that morphology and migration capability of cancer cells were significantly changed, the internalization of EAASc/siRNA by cells was magnified when the cells were incubated with RPM. No significant difference was observed regarding the expression profiles of genes involved in RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, including Ago2, Dicer, TRBP, and so on. Taken together, siRNA activity was elevated under SMG condition owning to increased cellular internalization. This study, for the first time to our knowledge, provides valuable theory for development and application of siRNA therapeutic in space in the future.
Cliques in high-dimensional random geometric graphs
Authors: Avrachenkov Konstantin E. , Bobu Andrei V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRandom geometric graphs have become now a popular object of research. Defined rather simply, these graphs describe real networks much better than classical Erdős–Rényi graphs due to their ability to produce tightly connected communities. The n vertices of a random geometric graph are points in d-dimensional Euclidean space, and two vertices are adjacent if they are close to each other. Many properties of these graphs have been revealed in the case when d is fixed. However, the case of growing dimension d is practically unexplored. This regime corresponds to a real-life situation when one has a data set of n observations with a significant number of features, a quite common case in data science today. In this paper, we study the clique structure of random geometric graphs when $$n\rightarrow \infty$$

n
→
∞

, and $$d \rightarrow \infty$$

d
→
∞

, and average vertex degree grows significantly slower than n. We show that under these conditions, random geometric graphs do not contain cliques of size 4 a. s. if only $$d \gg \log ^{1 + \epsilon } n$$

d
≫

log

1
+
ϵ

n

. As for the cliques of size 3, we present new bounds on the expected number of triangles in the case $$\log ^2 n \ll d \ll \log ^3 n$$

log
2

n
≪
d
≪

log
3

n

that improve previously known results. In addition, we provide new numerical results showing that the underlying geometry can be detected using the number of triangles even for small n.
Inapt gratitude: against expansionist views
Authors: McConnell Terrance 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPsychologists and philosophers have written much about gratitude recently. Many of these contributions have endorsed expansionist views of gratitude, counseling agents to feel and express gratitude in many circumstances. I argue that the essential features of the moral norm of gratitude are that a beneficiary acknowledges and appreciates benefits provided by another who is acting from beneficence, and is disposed to provide a comparable benefit to the benefactor if a suitable occasion arises. The best-known philosophical version of expansionist views claims that gratitude is apt even in cases where the “benefactor” not only did not intend to benefit the other, but intended to harm her. In the psychological literature, expansionists typically do distinguish between being grateful to and being grateful that. But they also write as if there is one general character trait of gratefulness. In this paper I argue that the philosophical position considered is mistaken on conceptual and moral grounds, and that the dominant view among psychologists fails to recognize the difference between two different traits of gratitude, one a moral virtue and the other a prudential virtue.
Anxiety and Depression Among Imaging Doctors in Post-COVID-19 Period
Authors: Li Weiguo , Mao Xuesong , Li Jieqing , Fang Lianying , Du Guangfen , Qiao Jianwei , Jia Ximing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo investigate the mental state of medical imaging staff in Shandong Province, China, who have been on the forefront of the COVID-19 epidemic during its late stage in China. Questionnaires designed to assess anxiety and depression were administered on-location, and 5331 complete results were collected. SPSS software was used for statistical descriptions and analysis. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression among medical imaging workers in Shandong Province, China, were 6.1% and 6.5%, respectively, higher than those of anxiety and depression in Chinese residents before the epidemic. The outbreak in Xinjiang, China; virus mutation in Japan; and spread of the epidemic due to occupational errors were the primary reported causes of anxiety and depression among image workers. Medical imaging workers showed evidence of psychological abnormalities during the late stage of the epidemic in China.
An evaluation model of water-saving reconstruction projects based on resource value flows
Authors: Jiang Runwen , Chen Xiaohong , Zhao Lingchu , Zhou Zhifang , Zhang Tao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDue to uncertainties in water supply, there is growing demand for water resource management in enterprises. In this study, we evaluated the effects of companies’ water-saving reconstruction projects. We used Hina Advanced Materials Company as a case to construct an investment decision model to (1) calculate the internal and external costs of water resources based on circular economic value analysis theory, and (2) locate the level of water resources circulation. We adopted gray situation decision analysis to identify the typical problems that occur in water resource utilization. Moreover, we demonstrated optimization plans for different potential improvements, thereby providing guidance and references for water resource cost management and the comprehensive optimization of environmental benefits. We concluded that the circulation economic value analysis model can effectively display the flow and amount of value derived from water resource flows, thereby providing guidance and suggestions for optimizing water resource flows.
On the Ethics of Reconstructing Destroyed Cultural Heritage Monuments
Authors: BÜLOW WILLIAM , THOMAS JOSHUA LEWIS 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhilosophers, archeologists, and other heritage professionals often take a rather negative view of heritage reconstruction, holding that it is inappropriate or even impermissible. In this essay, we argue that taking such hardline attitudes toward the reconstruction of heritage is unjustified. To the contrary, we believe that the reconstruction of heritage can be both permissible and beneficial, all things considered. In other words, sometimes we have good reasons, on balance, to pursue reconstructions, and doing so can be morally acceptable. In defending this claim, we discern a number of arguments made against heritage reconstruction and demonstrate that these arguments are either exaggerated or lack support.
Corporate Power over Human Rights: An Analytical Framework
Authors: BIRCHALL David 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper presents an original framework designed to systematize understanding of corporate power over human rights. The framework disaggregates four sites of this power: corporations have direct power over individuals’ human rights, power over the materialities of human rights, power over institutions governing human rights, and power over knowledge around human rights. This disaggregation is derived primarily from the work of Barnett and Duvall and focuses on the effects of corporate activity rather than the Weberian understanding of power as the ability to achieve desired outcomes. The framework captures a broad set of corporate acts based on their (potential) harm to human rights. It is argued that understanding business and human rights through the lens of power can help to advance a more comprehensive account of business impacts on human rights.
The use of laboratory-identified event surveillance to classify adverse outcomes due toClostridioides difficileinfection in Canadian long-term care facilities
Authors: Shen Ye , Ellison Jennifer , Leal Jenine , Bush Kathryn R. , Chandran A. Uma , Fathima Sumana , Conly John M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjective:Adverse outcomes followingClostridioides difficileinfection (CDI) are not often reported for long-term care facility (LTCF) residents. We focused on the adverse outcomes due to CDI identified in Alberta LTCFs.Methods:All positiveClostridioides difficilestool specimens identified by laboratory-identified (LabID) event surveillance in Alberta from 2011 to 2018, along with Alberta Continuing Care Information System, were used to define CDI in Alberta LTCFs. CDI cases were classified as long-term care onset, hospital onset, and community onset. Laboratory records were linked to provincial databases to analyze acute-care admissions and mortality within 30-day post CDI. Age, sex, case classification, episode, and operator type, were investigated using logistic regression.Results:Overall, 902 CDI cases were identified in 762 LTCF residents. Of all CDI events, 860 (95.3%) were long-term care onset, 38 (4.2%) were hospital onset, and 4 (0.4%) were community onset. The CDI rate was 2.0 of 100,000 resident days. In total, 157 residents (20.6%) had 30-day all-cause mortality, 126 CDI cases (14.0%) had 30-day all-cause acute-care admissions. The 30-day all-cause mortality rate was significantly higher in residents aged >80 versus ≤80 years (24.9 vs 12.3 per 100 residents;P< .05). Residents aged >80 years, with hospital-onset CDI, and those staying in private or voluntary LTCFs were more likely to have 30-day all-cause acute-care admissions.Conclusions:The prevalence of CDI adverse outcomes is in LTCFs was found to be high using LabID event surveillance. Annual review of CDI adverse outcomes using LabID event can minimize the burden of surveillance and standardize the process across all Alberta LTCFs.
Cribrilinid bryozoans from Pleistocene Mediterranean deep-waters, with the description of new species
Authors: Rosso Antonietta , Di Martino Emanuela , Ostrovsky Andrew N. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCribrilinid bryozoans originating from Pleistocene deep-water sediments from two localities near Messina (Sicily, Italy)—Capo Milazzo (Gelasian) and Scoppo (Calabrian)—were examined. Five cribrilinid species were found, three in each locality and time interval, with only one species shared. Three species,Cribrilaria profundan. sp.,Glabrilaria transversocarinatan. sp., andFigularia spectabilisn. sp., are new to science. Of the two remaining species,Figularia figulariswas already known from local fossil associations, whereasGlabrilaria pedunculata, a present-day Mediterranean species, is recorded for the first time as a fossil. New combinations are suggested for two species previously assigned toPuellina,Cribrilaria saldanhai(Harmelin, 2001) n. comb. andCribrilaria mikelae(Harmelin, 2006) n. comb. The diagnosis of the genusFigulariawas amended to include an erect growth morphology in addition to the encrusting form, and the occurrence of ooecia formed by the distal kenozooid. Following a literature revision of all species currently assigned toFigularia, the new combinationsVitrimurella capitifera(Canu and Bassler, 1929) n. comb. andHayamiellina quaylei(Powell, 1967a) n. comb. are suggested, and problematic species are listed and briefly discussed.UUID:http://zoobank.org/b7b36152-bf7b-4e00-b6ec-2614b2a58f1b
Skeletal stochastic differential equations for superprocesses
Authors: Fekete Dorottya , Fontbona Joaquin , Kyprianou Andreas E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIt is well understood that a supercritical superprocess is equal in law to a discrete Markov branching process whose genealogy is dressed in a Poissonian way with immigration which initiates subcritical superprocesses. The Markov branching process corresponds to the genealogical description ofprolific individuals, that is, individuals who produce eternal genealogical lines of descent, and is often referred to as theskeletonorbackboneof the original superprocess. The Poissonian dressing along the skeleton may be considered to be the remaining non-prolific genealogical mass in the superprocess. Such skeletal decompositions are equally well understood for continuous-state branching processes (CSBP).In a previous article [16] we developed an SDE approach to study the skeletal representation of CSBPs, which provided a common framework for the skeletal decompositions of supercritical and (sub)critical CSBPs. It also helped us to understand how the skeleton thins down onto one infinite line of descent when conditioning on survival until larger and larger times, and eventually forever.Here our main motivation is to show the robustness of the SDE approach by expanding it to the spatial setting of superprocesses. The current article only considers supercritical superprocesses, leaving the subcritical case open.
Exact sampling of determinantal point processes without eigendecomposition
Authors: Launay Claire , Galerne Bruno , Desolneux Agnès 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDeterminantal point processes (DPPs) enable the modeling of repulsion: they provide diverse sets of points. The repulsion is encoded in a kernelKthat can be seen, in a discrete setting, as a matrix storing the similarity between points. The main exact algorithm to sample DPPs uses the spectral decomposition ofK, a computation that becomes costly when dealing with a high number of points. Here we present an alternative exact algorithm to sample in discrete spaces that avoids the eigenvalues and the eigenvectors computation. The method used here is innovative, and numerical experiments show competitive results with respect to the initial algorithm.
Representations of hermite processes using local time of intersecting stationary stable regenerative sets
Authors: Bai Shuyang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHermite processes are a class of self-similar processes with stationary increments. They often arise in limit theorems under long-range dependence. We derive new representations of Hermite processes with multiple Wiener–Itô integrals, whose integrands involve the local time of intersecting stationary stable regenerative sets. The proof relies on an approximation of regenerative sets and local times based on a scheme of random interval covering.
A generalization of Matérn hard-core processes with applications to max-stable processes
Authors: Dirrler Martin , Dörr Christopher , Schlather Martin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMatérn hard-core processes are classical examples for point processes obtained by dependent thinning of (marked) Poisson point processes. We present a generalization of the Matérn models which encompasses recent extensions of the original Matérn hard-core processes. It generalizes the underlying point process, the thinning rule, and the marks attached to the original process. Based on our model, we introduce processes with a clear interpretation in the context of max-stable processes. In particular, we prove that one of these processes lies in the max-domain of attraction of a mixed moving maxima process.
A combination of three plasma bile acids as a putative biomarker for schizophrenia
Authors: Tao Yanlin , Zheng Fang , Cui Donghong , Huang Fei , Wu Xiaojun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to determine whether plasma bile acids (BAs) could be used as an auxiliary diagnostic biomarker to distinguish patients with schizophrenia from healthy controls. Seventeen different BAs were quantitatively measured in plasma of 12 healthy participants and 12 patients with schizophrenia. Then, the data were subjected to correlation and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The concentrations of cholic acid (CA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) were significantly decreased in plasma of the schizophrenia patients. Correlation analysis showed the concentrations of CA, TCDCA and TDCA were negatively correlated with schizophrenia. In addition, LDA demonstrated that combination of CA, TCDCA and TDCA with a classification formula could predict correctly classified cases and the accuracy of prediction was up to 95.83%. Combination of the three BAs may be useful to diagnose schizophrenia in plasma samples.
Shales of Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Vindhyan Basin, central India: insight into sedimentation dynamics of Proterozoic shelf
Authors: Singh Arvind K. , Chakraborty Partha Pratim 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Vindhyan Supergroup represents the largest Proterozoic sedimentary basin fill in the Indian shield. In addition to some significant palaeobiological discoveries, the sedimentary sequence of the Vindhyan, particularly its argillaceous intervals, holds crucial information for our understanding of sedimentation dynamics in Proterozoic clastic shelves. Here we attempt an extensive, although not exhaustive, review of the physical characteristics of six argillaceous (shale) intervals (Arangi, Koldaha, Rampur, Bijaygarh, Rewa and Sirbu shale) from the Son valley sector, Vindhyan Basin, augmented with new observations to unravel the status of current understanding in terms of palaeo-flow dynamics, shelf sedimentation processes and dispersal pattern, depositional cyclicity and basinal tectonics. The sedimentary attributes of Vindhyan shales reveal their deposition largely in relative bathymetry fluctuating from distal shoreface or inner shelf (near to fair-weather wave base) to distal shelf below storm wave base. More often than not, the Vindhyan shelf was storm-infested and the operation of both storm-generated return flow and Coriolis-force-guided geostrophic currents are documented from different stratigraphic intervals of argillaceous successions. The thick arenaceous intervals interrupting the deposits of the Koldaha, Rewa and Sirbu shales at multiple stratigraphic levels indicate the presence of a fan delta and braided fluvial system during intermittent regressive stands of sea level or event deposition during a sea-level highstand, respectively. Based on facies pattern and flow vectors, a rift-related half-graben model is inferred for Arangi and Koldaha shale and a low-gradient stable-shelf model with well-defined energy gradient is proposed for successions from Rampur shale onwards.
What is the role of surgical simulation on operative opportunity for the trainee ENT surgeon?
Authors: Noon E J R , Singh A , Hall A 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study sought to assess the impact of simulation training in influencing trainees’ initial surgical participation as perceived by experienced surgeon trainers.MethodsTwenty ENT surgeons assessed how much of a given procedure they would expect to allow a trainee to perform for their first time. Responses were provided for trainees who had undergone a relevant simulation course and those who had not, and scored according to the eLogbook levels of involvement in surgery. This was completed for simulated procedures with validated models, across four grades of junior doctors.ResultsA total of 1120 judgements on the trainees’ intended level of involvement were made. The median involvement score was higher in the simulation group versus the non-simulation group (Mann–Whitney U, p = 0.0001), corresponding to a translation in surgical opportunity from a primarily assisting role to an active role.ConclusionTrainer perception of a relevant ENT simulation course appears to positively impact on the initial surgical opportunities afforded to the trainee.
La révision de 2012 de l’Accord de l’OMC sur les marchés publics: son contexte et les dimensions de son champ d’application
Authors: Pelletier Philippe 
Published: November 2020

SommaireLes marchés publics sont essentiellement régulés ou réglementés, au niveau mondial, par l’Accord plurilatéral sur les marchés publics de l’OMC (AMP). Cet Accord est aujourd’hui sur le point de prendre un nouvel envol, car les négociations dont il faisait l’objet ont abouti à la fin de l’année 2011 et l’AMP révisé est entré en vigueur le 6 avril 2014. Bien que l’entrée en vigueur de l’AMP révisé insuffle un élan vigoureux à l’ouverture des marchés, elle ne constitue toutefois pas la fin du processus visant à libéraliser les marchés publics. Afin de comprendre la nécessité de négocier de façon quasi permanente une libéralisation accrue des marchés publics et d’apprécier pleinement l’importance de l’AMP révisé pour l’économie mondiale, cet article décrit succinctement les événements marquants de l’histoire des négociations internationales visant à libéraliser les marchés publics et présente ensuite, d’une façon générale, les principaux éléments du texte de l’AMP révisé. De plus, cet article contient une analyse approfondie des listes d’engagements des Parties à l’AMP révisé (les annexes à l’Appendice I) car, malgré une certaine simplification résultant de la conclusion des négociations, cette partie de l’AMP révisé demeure particulièrement technique et complexe. Ces renseignements et observations connexes pourraient, d’une part, apporter une aide aux décideurs confrontés à des choix dans ce domaine et, d’autre part, aider à identifier les débouchés à l’exportation qui sont susceptibles d’intéresser les fournisseurs des Parties à l’AMP et des autres Membres de l’OMC désirant accéder à l’Accord.