bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Configuration and hindcast quality assessment of a Brazilian global sub‐seasonal prediction system
Authors: Guimarães Bruno S. , Coelho Caio A. S. , Woolnough Steven J. , Kubota Paulo Y. , Bastarz Carlos F. , Figueroa Silvio N. , Bonatti José P. , de Souza Dayana C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article presents the Centre for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies (CPTEC) developments for configuring a global sub‐seasonal prediction system and assessing its ability in producing retrospective predictions (hindcasts) for meteorological conditions of the following 4 weeks. Six Brazilian Global Atmospheric Model version 1.2 (BAM‐1.2) configurations were tested in terms of vertical resolution, deep convection and boundary‐layer parametrizations, as well as soil moisture initialization. The aim was to identify the configuration with best performance when predicting weekly accumulated precipitation, weekly mean 2 m temperature (T2M) and the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) daily evolution. Hindcasts assessment was performed for 12 extended austral summers (November–March, 1999/2000– 2010/2011) with two start dates for each month for the six configurations and two ensemble approaches. The first approach, referred to as Multiple Configurations Ensemble (MCEN), was formed of one ensemble member from each of the six configurations. The second, referred to as Initial Condition Ensemble (ICEN), was composed of six ensemble members produced with the chosen configuration as the best using an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) perturbation methodology. The chosen configuration presented high correlation and low root‐mean‐squared error (RMSE) for precipitation and T2M anomaly predictions at the first week and these indices degraded as lead time increased, maintaining moderate performance up to week‐4 over the tropical Pacific and northern South America. For MJO predictions, this configuration crossed the 0.5 bivariate correlation threshold in 18 days. The ensemble approaches improved the correlation and RMSE of precipitation and T2M anomalies. ICEN improved precipitation and T2M predictions performance over eastern South America at week‐3 and over northern South America at week‐4. Improvements were also noticed for MJO predictions. The time to cross the above‐mentioned threshold increased to 21 days for MCEN and to 20 days for ICEN.
Amorphous Intermediate Derivative from ZIF‐67 and Its Outstanding Electrocatalytic Activity
Authors: Zhou Huijie , Zheng Mingbo , Tang Hao , Xu Bingyan , Tang Yue , Pang Huan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIncreasing active sites is an effective method to enhance the catalytic activity of catalysts. Amorphous materials have attracted considerable attention in catalysis because of their abundant catalytic active sites. Herein, a series of derivatives is prepared via the low‐temperature heat treatment of ZIF‐67 hollow sphere at different temperatures. An intermediate product with an amorphous structure is formed during transformation from ZIF‐67 to Co3O4 nanocrystallines when ZIF‐67 hollow sphere is heat treated at 260 °C for 3 h. The chemical composition of the amorphous derivative is similar to that of ZIF‐67, and the carbon and nitrogen contents of the amorphous derivative are obviously higher than those of crystalline samples obtained at 270 °C or higher. As electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and nonenzymatic glucose sensing, the amorphous derivative exhibits significantly better catalytic activity than crystalline Co3O4 samples. The amorphous sample as an OER catalyst has a low overpotential of 352 mV at 10 mA cm−2. The amorphous sample as an enzyme‐free glucose sensing catalyst can provide a low detection limit of 3.9 × 10−6 m and a high sensitivity of 1074.22 µA mM−1 cm−2.
Zur Bemessung von Stahlstützen im Brandfall
Authors: Wetzel Timm , Lange Jörg , Tichelmann Karsten 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerrn Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Peter Schaumann zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmetIm Zentrum des Beitrags stehen Untersuchungen zum Tragverhalten zentrisch belasteter Stahlstützen bei erhöhten Temperaturen. Nach einer Beschreibung des generellen Tragverhaltens im Brandfall werden Imperfektionsbeiwerte vorgeschlagen, die für H‐Querschnitte eine sichere Bemessung bei Anwendung des gegenwärtigen Nachweisformats der DIN EN 1993‐1‐2 ermöglichen. Die Imperfektionsbeiwerte wurden mithilfe abgesicherter numerischer Berechnungsmodelle für Temperaturen zwischen 100 °C und 700 °C entwickelt. Ein Vergleich zeigt, dass die Verwendung des Imperfektionsbeiwerts der Norm zu unsicheren Ergebnissen führt, wenn der Fall „Knicken um die schwache Achse” betrachtet wird. Dahingegen sind die Ergebnisse für niedrigere Temperaturen (< 300 °C) zum Teil unwirtschaftlich. Ergänzend werden aus den Imperfektionsbeiwerten geometrische Ersatzimperfektionen abgeleitet, die für den Brandfall eine Berechnung nach Elastizitätstheorie II. Ordnung ermöglichen.
Grout‐Verbindungen in stählernen Offshore‐Bauwerken
Authors: Lochte‐Holtgreven Stephan , Bechtel Anne , Raba Alexander , Wilke Fabian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerrn Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Peter Schaumann zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmetGrout‐Verbindungen als Rohr‐in‐Rohr‐Steckverbindungen mit zementgebundenem Füllmaterial werden seit über 40 Jahren in stählernen Offshore‐Plattformen der Öl‐ und Gasindustrie eingesetzt. Seit mehr als 20 Jahren findet dieser Verbindungstyp auch Anwendung in der Offshore‐Windenergie. Da hinsichtlich der eingesetzten Füllmaterialien, der Verbindungsgeometrien und Belastungsszenarien signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Tragstrukturen für Ölplattformen und Windenergieanlagen bestehen, wurde auf dem Gebiet der Grout‐Verbindungen am Institut für Stahlbau, Leibniz Universität Hannover intensive Forschung betrieben. Der vorliegende Beitrag berichtet über ausgewählte Erfahrungen und Erkenntnisse zum Trag‐ und Ermüdungsverhalten von Grout‐Verbindungen in Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen im Kontext zur historischen Entwicklung der Grout‐Verbindungen.
Vereinfachtes Bemessungsverfahren für thermische Einwirkungen von Stützen in Stahlbauweise
Authors: Zehfuß Jochen , Sander Lisa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHerrn Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Peter Schaumann zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmetIn DIN EN 1991‐1‐2:2010 [1] ist aktuell ein vereinfachtes Verfahren enthalten, das die Berechnung von thermischen Einwirkungen von Bauteilen bei lokalen Bränden ermöglicht. Auf der Grundlage der Arbeiten von Heskestad und Hasemi kann für lokale Brände die Berechnung der Temperaturen im Feuer‐Plume und des Netto‐Wärmestroms im Bereich der brandbeanspruchten Bauteile im Deckenbereich (Ceiling Jet) vorgenommen werden. Das vereinfachte Verfahren wurde durch experimentelle Untersuchungen validiert und hat sich in der Anwendung bewährt. Im Zuge der Novellierung von EN 1991‐1‐2 Anhang C soll das vorgenannte Verfahren um neue analytische Bemessungsansätze erweitert werden. Der Vorschlag sieht vor, Netto‐Wärmeströme von brandbeanspruchten (vertikalen) Bauteilen, die in Bezug auf die Flammenachse des lokalen Brands versetzt angeordnet sind, zu berechnen. Im Rahmen eines DIBt‐Forschungsvorhabens [2] wurde die Plausibilität und Anwendbarkeit des erweiterten Bemessungsverfahrens geprüft. In diesem Beitrag werden die wesentlichen Vereinfachungen und die Anwendung des erweiterten Bemessungsverfahrens für Stahlstützen unter lokaler Brandbeanspruchung gezeigt. Ferner wird eine Validierung anhand von Vergleichsrechnungen zwischen den Ergebnissen des Bemessungsverfahrens, Simulationsergebnissen mit dem CFD‐Modell Fire Dynamics Simulator sowie anhand von Messdaten realer Pool‐ und Holzkrippenbrände vorgenommen.
Evolutionary radiations of cushion plants on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau: Insights from molecular phylogenetic analysis of two subgenera of Arenaria and Thylacospermum (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Xu Bo , Luo Dong , Li Zhi‐Min , Sun Hang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCushion plants exhibiting adaptive convergence in cold and dry environments are keystone and foundation species in the alpine/subnival habitat on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). To date, little attention has been paid to the molecular phylogeny, origin, and biogeography of cushion plants on the QTP. We investigated the molecular phylogeny of classic cushion Arenaria subg. Dolophragma, A. subg. Eremogoneastrum, and Thylacospermum on the QTP, within the framework of the Caryophyllaceae. A new Thylacospermum‐Dolophragma clade was identified using combined plastid markers (rps16, matK, trnL‐trnF, trnS‐trnfM) and nuclear ribosomal DNA. Molecular divergence dating suggested that Thylacospermum and A. subg. Dolophragma originated in the middle to late Miocene (11.68 Ma). Combined with ancestral range reconstruction, there is an indication that all species of cushion Arenaria (A. subg. Dolophragma, A. subg. Eremogoneastrum) originated during/after the late Pliocene, and the QTP was their ancestral area. Furthermore, ecological niche modeling showed that the areas occupied by the three studied cushion plants during the last glacial maximum (LGM) was broader than that of their present distribution, implying a reduction in their range after the LGM. This evidence clearly illustrates that multistage uplift of the QTP and bordering mountains since the Miocene associated with climatic change (worldwide cooling, aridification in Central Asia, Quaternary glaciation) played a role in triggering and facilitating the speciation and/or evolutionary radiations of the species studied.
Comparison between quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance perfusion imaging and [15O]H2O positron emission tomography
Authors: Everaars Henk , van Diemen Pepijn A. , Bom Michiel J. , Schumacher Stefan P. , de Winter Ruben W. , van de Ven Peter M. , Raijmakers Pieter G. , Lammertsma Adriaan A. , Hofman Mark B. M. , van der Geest Rob J. , Götte Marco J. , van Rossum Albert C. , Nijveldt Robin , Danad Ibrahim , Driessen Roel S. , Knaapen Paul 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
To compare cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with [15O]H2O positron emission tomography (PET) for quantification of absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial flow reserve (MFR) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods
Fifty-nine patients with stable CAD underwent CMR and [15O]H2O PET. The CMR imaging protocol included late gadolinium enhancement to rule out presence of scar tissue and perfusion imaging using a dual sequence, single bolus technique. Absolute MBF was determined for the three main vascular territories at rest and during vasodilator stress.

Results
CMR measurements of regional stress MBF and MFR showed only moderate correlation to those obtained using PET (r = 0.39; P < 0.001 for stress MBF and r = 0.36; P < 0.001 for MFR). Bland-Altman analysis revealed a significant bias of 0.2 ± 1.0 mL/min/g for stress MBF and − 0.5 ± 1.2 for MFR. CMR-derived stress MBF and MFR demonstrated area under the curves of respectively 0.72 (95% CI: 0.65 to 0.79) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69 to 0.83) and had optimal cutoff values of 2.35 mL/min/g and 2.25 for detecting abnormal myocardial perfusion, defined as [15O]H2O PET-derived stress MBF ≤ 2.3 mL/min/g and MFR ≤ 2.5. Using these cutoff values, CMR and PET were concordant in 137 (77%) vascular territories for stress MBF and 135 (80%) vascular territories for MFR.

Conclusion
CMR measurements of stress MBF and MFR showed modest agreement to those obtained with [15O]H2O PET. Nevertheless, stress MBF and MFR were concordant between CMR and [15O]H2O PET in 77% and 80% of vascular territories, respectively.
Reoperation for Bleeding After Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery: Incidence, Risk Factors, Prevention, and Management
Authors: Edafe O. , Cochrane E. , Balasubramanian S. P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionBleeding after thyroid and/or parathyroid surgery is a life‐threatening emergency. The aim of this study was to determine the rates of reoperation following bleeding, identify risk factors, assess management strategies and outcomes, and develop protocols to reduce risk and improve management of bleeding.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients who underwent thyroid and/or parathyroid surgery over a 7‐year period was conducted. A nested case–control design was used to evaluate specific factors and their association with reoperation for bleeding.ResultsOf 1913 patients, 25 (1.3%) underwent reoperation for bleeding. Of the 25 patients who bled, 6 (24%) required reoperation before leaving theatre; 17 (68%) had bleeding within 6 h, 1 (4%) between 6 and 24 h, and 1 (4%) after 24 h. Reoperation for bleeding was not associated with age, gender, or surgeon. Patients who had total thyroidectomy were more likely to have reoperation for bleeding compared to hemithyroidectomy (p = 0.045) or parathyroidectomy (p = 0.001). The following factors were not associated with bleeding: neck dissection, re‐do surgery, drain use, blood‐thinning medication or clotting disorders, and BMI. Patients who had reoperation for bleeding had longer hospital stay (p = 0.001), but similar rates of RLN palsy, wound infection, and hypoparathyroidism.ConclusionA higher risk profile for significant post‐operative bleeding cannot be determined in patients undergoing thyroid surgery. Based on this experience, we developed protocols to reduce the risk of bleeding (the ITSRED Fred protocol) and for the early detection and management of bleed (the SCOOP protocol) following thyroid and/or parathyroid surgery.
Comparing the interobserver reproducibility of different regions of interest on multi-parametric renal magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers, patients with heart failure and renal transplant recipients
Authors: Rankin Alastair J. , Allwood-Spiers Sarah , Lee Matthew M. Y. , Zhu Luke , Woodward Rosemary , Kuehn Bernd , Radjenovic Aleksandra , Sattar Naveed , Roditi Giles , Mark Patrick B. , Gillis Keith A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective
To assess interobserver reproducibility of different regions of interest (ROIs) on multi-parametric renal MRI using commercially available software.

Materials and methods
Healthy volunteers (HV), patients with heart failure (HF) and renal transplant recipients (Tx) were recruited. Localiser scans, T1 mapping and pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling (pCASL) were performed. HV and Tx also underwent diffusion-weighted imaging to allow calculation of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). For T1, pCASL and ADC, ROIs were drawn for whole kidney (WK), cortex (Cx), user-defined representative cortex (rep-Cx) and medulla. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CoV) were assessed.

Results
Forty participants were included (10 HV, 10 HF and 20 Tx). The ICC for renal volume was 0.97 and CoV 6.5%. For T1 and ADC, WK, Cx, and rep-Cx were highly reproducible with ICC ≥ 0.76 and CoV < 5%. However, cortical pCASL results were more variable (ICC > 0.86, but CoV up to 14.2%). While reproducible, WK values were derived from a wide spread of data (ROI standard deviation 17% to 55% of the mean value for ADC and pCASL, respectively). Renal volume differed between groups (p < 0.001), while mean cortical T1 values were greater in Tx compared to HV (p = 0.009) and HF (p = 0.02). Medullary T1 values were also higher in Tx than HV (p = 0.03), while medullary pCASL values were significantly lower in Tx compared to HV and HF (p = 0.03 for both).

Discussion
Kidney volume calculated by manually contouring a localiser scan was highly reproducible between observers and detected significant differences across patient groups. For T1, pCASL and ADC, Cx and rep-Cx ROIs are generally reproducible with advantages over WK values.
Proper r-harmonic functions from Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Gudmundsson Sigmundur , Sobak Marko 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe introduce a new method for constructing complex-valued r-harmonic functions on Riemannian manifolds. We then apply this for the important semisimple Lie groups $$\mathbf{SO }(n)$$SO(n), $$\mathbf{SU }(n)$$SU(n), $$\mathbf{Sp }(n)$$Sp(n), $$\mathbf{SL }_{n}({\mathbb {R}})$$SLn(R), $$\mathbf{Sp }(n,{\mathbb {R}})$$Sp(n,R), $$\mathbf{SU }(p,q)$$SU(p,q), $$\mathbf{SO }(p,q)$$SO(p,q), $$\mathbf{Sp }(p,q)$$Sp(p,q), $$\mathbf{SO }^*(2n)$$SO∗(2n) and $$\mathbf{SU }^*(2n)$$SU∗(2n).
Mutual Capacity Building to Reduce the Behavioral Health Treatment Gap Globally
Authors: Jack Helen E. , Myers Bronwyn , Regenauer Kristen S. , Magidson Jessica F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUse of lay health workers for the treatment of common mental disorders is an expanding, yet still underutilized, opportunity for closing the behavioral health treatment gap globally. In this commentary, we describe how “mutual capacity building,” an equal exchange of ideas between low and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs) to promote shared learning, could promote the development and scale-up of therapies using lay health workers. We propose ways that task sharing models for behavioral health can inform and be supported by bidirectional learning across HICs and LMICs.
Parents’ Perceptions and Experiences of Parenting Programmes: A Systematic Review and Metasynthesis of the Qualitative Literature
Authors: Butler J. , Gregg L. , Calam R. , Wittkowski A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSupporting parents to meet the challenges of their caregiving role is identified as a public health concern and a priority in policies internationally. Quantitative research has established the efficacy of parenting programmes but less is understood about the key aspects that make interventions meaningful and helpful to families. We aimed to explore parents’ experiences and perceptions of parenting programmes in order to highlight the parent voice and identify key factors that parents perceive to be meaningful and improve our understanding of the acceptability and perceived benefits of parenting programmes. Six key electronic databases were searched systematically for qualitative research and eligibility for inclusion was established. A thematic synthesis was undertaken. Twenty-six studies were included, spanning 17 years of parenting research and involving 822 parents. Three main themes and nine subthemes were identified: (1) a family’s journey (prior to the parenting programme, outcomes (including changes in the parent, child and wider family) and post-intervention), (2) aspects perceived to be important or valuable (group leader or facilitator, programme content and delivery and value of the group) and (3) challenges or difficulties (barriers to engagement or attendance, programme content and suggestions for improvement). Reported outcomes of parenting programmes included changes in the parent alongside changes in the child and family more widely. Key recommendations to improve provision of accessible, clinically and cost-effective interventions for parents include ensuring high-quality training and supervision of facilitators, balancing flexibility and fidelity to ensure tailored content to meet individual needs, a sensitivity to parental adversity, the need for wider familial support and the availability of ongoing support following the end of a parenting programme.
Moral Understanding, Testimony, and Moral Exemplarity
Authors: Croce Michel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile possessing moral understanding is agreed to be a core epistemic and moral value, it remains a matter of dispute whether it can be acquired via testimony and whether it involves an ability to engage in moral reasoning. This paper addresses both issues with the aim of contributing to the current debates on moral understanding in moral epistemology and virtue ethics. It is argued that moral epistemologists should stop appealing to the argument from the transmissibility of moral understanding to make a case for their favorite view of moral understanding. It is also argued that proponents of exemplarist moral theories cannot remain neutral on whether the ability to engage in moral reasoning is a necessary component of moral understanding.
Science and Values in Undergraduate Education
Authors: Koster Edwin , de Regt Henk W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile a conception of science as value free has been dominant since Max Weber defended it in the nineteenth century, recent years have witnessed an emerging consensus that science is not – and cannot be – completely free of values. Which values may legitimately influence science, and in which ways, is currently a topic of heated debate in philosophy of science. These discussions have immediate relevance for science teaching: if the value-free ideal of science is misguided, science students should abandon it too and learn to reflect on the relation between science and values – only then can they become responsible academics and citizens. Since science students will plausibly become scientists, scientific practitioners, or academic professionals, and their values will influence their future professional activities, it is essential that they are aware of these values and are able to critically reflect upon their role. In this paper, we investigate ways in which reflection on science and values can be incorporated in undergraduate science education. In particular, we discuss how recent philosophical insights about science and values can be used in courses for students in the life sciences, and we present a specific learning model – the so-called the Dilemma-Oriented Learning Model (DOLM) – that allows students to articulate their own values and to reflect upon them.
Psychometric Properties of the Italian Versions of the Gambling Urge Scale (GUS) and the Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GRSEQ)
Authors: Iliceto Paolo , Fino Emanuele , Schiavella Mauro , Oei Tian Po 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGambling urges and gambling refusal self-efficacy beliefs play a major role in the development and maintenance of problem gambling. This study aimed to translate the Gambling Urge Scale (GUS) and the Gambling Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (GRSEQ) from English to Italian (GUS-I, GRSEQ-I) and to test their factor structure, internal consistency, construct validity, concurrent validity, and gender differences in 513 individuals from the Italian community. Factor structure and construct validity were tested through Confirmatory Factor Analysis, internal consistency through Cronbach’s alpha, concurrent validity through correlations with gambling-related cognitions (GRCS-I), probable pathological gambling (SOGS-I), and gambling functioning (GFA-R-I). Results confirmed that the 6 items of the GUS-I load highly on one dimension of Gambling Urge, and each of the 26 items of the GRSEQ-I load highly on their relevant sub-dimension, among the following: situations/thoughts, drugs, positive emotions, negative emotions. Both scales are internally consistent and show concurrent validity with gambling-related cognitions, probable pathological gambling, and gambling functioning. Males score higher than females at the GUS-I; females score higher than males at the GRSEQ-I. The findings from the present study suggest that the GUS-I and the GRSEQ-I are internally consistent and valid scales for the assessment of gambling urges and gambling refusal self-efficacy in Italian individuals from the community, with significant repercussions in terms of assessment, prevention, and intervention.