bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collateral damages in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemia– two cases
Authors: Urbanek Christian , Kötteritzsch Jana , Zink Wolfgang , Grau Armin J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background and aims
At present, “severe acute respiratory syndrome new coronavirus” (SARS-CoV-2) affects the whole world and has led to a pandemia with almost 2.000.000 infected patients in the mid of April 2020 (WHO). Thus, health care specialists primarily focus on therapy of corona disease 2019 (COVID-19) and a lot of effort has been undertaken to get more manpower on intensive care units. However, the number of patients with life threatening diseases other than COVID-19 like heart attacks or strokes has not changed at all. With a strong focus on COVID-19, there is a marked risk of diagnostic and therapeutic delays or misdiagnoses, potentially harming those patients. In this respect, we present two of those cases with the intent to improve the medical management of “traditional“ diseases in times of corona pandemia.

Methods
We present two patients with diseases others than SARS-CoV-2. Both cases were treated in our institution, a tertiary care hospital in the Southwest of Germany.

Results
One patient had a prolonged treatment on intensive care unit (ICU) because of heart failure following voluntary isolation because of fearing COVID-19 and subsequent shortage of medication. Another patient with hypothesis of COVID-19 of primary care physician because of fever and a history of skiing in a high risk region for SARS-CoV-2 was sent home for isolation. After disease progression, the patient presented in an external hospital with fever, pain in the right ear and tachypnea. Immediately, antibiotics were started at same day, but nevertheless, he developed a septic shock, leading to multi organ failure. In blood samples, bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes was found, without any signs of SARS-CoV-2-infection. Despite adequate antibiosis, the patient developed fixed pupils, brain edema and died because of massive brain edema.

Conclusion
Focusing only on COVID-19 may lead to delayed diagnosis and therapy in patients with “traditional diseases”. These two cases impressively clarify medical challenges in times of SARS-CoV-2 pandemia. It is important to emphasize that physicians and health care professionals have not only to focus on COVID-19 and virus associated diseases, but also on adequate drug supply, intake and monitoring and differential diagnoses, respectively.
Traditional, phytochemical, and biological aspects of Rosa alba L.: a systematic review
Authors: Verma Anju , Srivastava Rajni , Sonar Pankaj Kumar , Yadav Ramprakash 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Rosa alba L. belongs to the family Rosaceae. This species is widely cultivated in Europe, Asia, North America, and Northwest Africa due to its fragrance, ornamental, and medicinal values. It is commonly known as white oil-bearing rose, white rose, white rose of York, backyard rose, and sufaid gulab.

Main text
Rosa alba L. has many biological properties like antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, antifertility, teratogenic, memory enhancing, cytotoxic, and genotoxic activities. The essential oil of Rosa alba L. possesses good antimicrobial activity and consists of many chemical constituents like- citronellol, geraniol, nerol, linalool, citral, carvacrol, eugenol, etc.

Conclusion
This article briefly reviews the cultivation, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of Rosa alba L. Many research papers have been published on the proposed plant and still, there is a very vast scope of research on it. Therefore, this review will be very fruitful for those scientists who are doing or plan to do research work on this plant. All the scientific findings written in this review are explored from Google web, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts (MAPA), and SciFinder. To date, it is the first systematic review article of such kind, on this plant.
Puberty, A Sensitive Window of Hypothalamic Development and Plasticity
Authors: Naulé Lydie , Maione Luigi , Kaiser Ursula B 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Puberty is a developmental period characterized by a broad range of physiologic changes necessary for the acquisition of adult sexual and reproductive maturity. These changes mirror complex modifications within the central nervous system, including within the hypothalamus. These modifications result in the maturation of a fully active hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, the neuroendocrine cascade ensuring gonadal activation, sex steroid secretion, and gametogenesis. A complex and finely regulated neural network overseeing the HPG axis, particularly the pubertal reactivation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, has been progressively unveiled in the last 3 decades. This network includes kisspeptin, neurokinin B, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons as well as glial cells. In addition to substantial modifications in the expression of key targets, several changes in neuronal morphology, neural connections, and synapse organization occur to establish mature and coordinated neurohormonal secretion, leading to puberty initiation. The aim of this review is to outline the current knowledge of the major changes that neurons secreting GnRH and their neuronal and glial partners undergo before and after puberty. Emerging mediators upstream of GnRH, uncovered in recent years, are also addressed herein. In addition, the effects of sex steroids, particularly estradiol, on changes in hypothalamic neurodevelopment and plasticity are discussed.
Dynamic Profiles and Transcriptional Preferences of Histone Modifications During Spermiogenesis
Authors: Li Yinchuan , Mi Panpan , Chen Xue , Wu Jiabao , Qin Weibing , Shen Yiqi , Zhang Pingbao , Tang Yunge , Cheng C Yan , Sun Fei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDuring spermiogenesis, extensive histone modifications take place in developing haploid spermatids besides morphological alterations of the genetic material to form compact nuclei. Better understanding on the overall transcriptional dynamics and preferences of histones and enzymes involved in histone modifications may provide valuable information to dissect the epigenetic characteristics and unique chromatin status during spermiogenesis. Using single-cell RNA-Sequencing, the expression dynamics of histone variants, writers, erasers, and readers of histone acetylation and methylation, as well as histone phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and chaperones were assessed through transcriptome profiling during spermiogenesis. This approach provided an unprecedented panoramic perspective of the involving genes in epigenetic modifier/histone variant expression during spermiogenesis. Results reported here revealed the transcriptional ranks of histones, histone modifications, and their readers during spermiogenesis, emphasizing the unique preferences of epigenetic regulation in spermatids. These findings also highlighted the impact of spermatid metabolic preferences on epigenetic modifications. Despite the observed rising trend on transcription levels of all encoding genes and histone variants, the transcriptome profile of genes in histone modifications and their readers displayed a downward expression trend, suggesting that spermatid nuclei condensation is a progressive process that occurred in tandem with a gradual decrease in overall epigenetic activity during spermiogenesis.
Comparison of Monotherapy Versus Combination of Intravenous Ibuprofen and Propacetamol (Acetaminophen) for Reduction of Postoperative Opioid Administration in Children Undergoing Laparoscopic Hernia Repair: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee Hye-Mi , Park Ji-Hoon , Park Su-Jung , Choi Haegi , Lee Jeong-Rim 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND:
Extensive efforts have been made toward reducing postoperative opioid use in children. In this study, we assessed whether propacetamol, or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), or their combination could effectively reduce opioid use in children after laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

METHODS:
This randomized, double-blind clinical trial included 159 children aged 6 months to 6 years. Children were allocated into 1 of the following 3 groups: group I was treated with 10 mg·kg−1 ibuprofen, group P was treated with 30 mg·kg−1 propacetamol, and group I + P was treated with both drugs in their respective concentrations. If the face–legs–activity–crying–consolability (FLACC) score was ≥4 during the postanesthesia care unit stay, 1.0 µg·kg−1 fentanyl was administered as a rescue analgesic. The number of patients who received rescue fentanyl in the postanesthesia care unit was defined as the primary outcome; this was analyzed using the χ2 test. The secondary outcomes included the FLACC and the parents’ postoperative pain measure (PPPM) scores until the 24-hour postoperative period.

RESULTS:
Among the 144 enrolled patients, 28.6% in group I, 66.7% in group P, and 12.8% in group I + P received rescue fentanyl in the postanesthesia care unit (P < .001). The highest FLACC score was lower in group I + P than in either group I or P (P = .007 and P < .001, respectively). Group I + P presented significantly lower PPPM scores than group P at 4 and 12 hours postoperative (P = .03 and .01, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
The use of ibuprofen plus propacetamol immediately following laparoscopic hernia repair surgery in children resulted in the reduced use of an opioid drug compared with the use of propacetamol alone.
Rare Disease Research Partnership (RAinDRoP): a collaborative approach to identify research priorities for rare diseases in Ireland
Authors: Somanadhan Suja , Nicholson Emma , Dorris Emma , Brinkley Aoife , Kennan Avril , Treacy Eileen , Atif Awan , Ennis Sean , McGrath Vicky , Mitchell Derick , O’Sullivan Grace , Power Julie , Lawlor Anne , Harkin Paul , Lynch Sally Ann , Watt Philip , Daly Avril , Donnelly Susie , Kroll Thilo 
Published: November 2020

Background: Rare diseases are individually rare, but collectively these conditions are common. Research on rare diseases are currently focused on disease-specific needs rather than a life-course perspective. The Rare Disease Research Partnership (RAinDRoP) was established in 2018 to bring together a wide variety of diverse voices in the rare disease community in Ireland and form a research partnership. Methods: A participatory multiple phase approach was used to identify research priorities for rare diseases. The research process involved three main phases: Phase I, Public Consultation Survey(PCS); Phase II, Research Prioritisation Workshop (RPW); Phase III, Public Prioritisation Ranking Survey (PRS). The time frame for the entire study was from November 2018 to June 2019. Results: In total, 240 individuals completed the phase I, of which only 96 survey participants provided information on their background, 32% (n=31) self-identified as a person living with a rare disease(s). One thousand and fifteen statements were collected, which reflected issues and shared challenges in rare diseases. MSExcel was used to gain frequencies and percentages. Phase II was focused on three main themes (1) Route to Diagnosis (2) Living with Rare Disease (3) Integrated and Palliative Care. 42 participants engaged at each workshop. Seventy-five individuals completed the phase III prioritisation ranking survey and ranked the top 15 research priorities. The top five priorities were (1)Support at the time of diagnosis, (2) Diagnostic test for rare diseases (3)Education and training (4) Patient voice (5) Data sharing and integration of services for rare diseases. Conclusions: The research priorities identified here for rare diseases were developed jointly in collaboration with patients, families, healthcare professionals and policymakers. So, we encourage researchers, funding bodies and other stakeholders to use this priority list as a guiding document for future research work to improve the health and lives of people living with rare diseases.
Remote Love or Graphical Courses in Pandemic Conditions
Authors: Tikhonov-Bugrov D. , Abrosimov S. 
Published: November 2020

In this paper it is noted that a characteristic and most important feature of domestic education is close interaction of teacher and student, mentoring, the dominant formula: first love, and then teach. It is feared that the teacher-student personal interaction is lost with the introduction of a graduated training system, dominance of all kinds of testing, and development of distance education technologies.
At the same time it is noted, that distance education technologies are good for distance learning and self-training, however, they do not contribute to the training of basic, elite specialists. The noted factors give no way to pay due attention to the training of talented students-intellectuals. They are nervous about the popular belief that vast arrays of high intelligence are merely useless for today's society and economy.
The results of work in the distance learning conditions at the BSTU "VOENMEKH" chair for graphic training of future specialists in the defense industry’s area are analyzed in this paper. It contains also information on adjustments for the educational process, communication features, and evaluation criteria. The conclusion has been drawn that significant difficulties and contingent losses are associated with the loss of possibility for close teacher-student personal interaction that has not allowed the teacher to show proper love for the student.
The assumption that the most of students are unbred to effective independent work was confirmed. The best adapted to this situation were those former scholars who were taught in an environment that allows them to receive electives of engineering profile or special courses.
The percentage of students who has not started the distance education or has not coped with it is about 35%, which significantly exceeds the losses of previous years for the same period. At the same time it is noted that past losses were actually determined from the very beginning of training. The current losses have an onset coinciding with the pandemic onset. These data confirm doubts about students' commitment to distance learning.
Extracellular matrix graft for the surgical management of Hurley stage III hidradenitis suppurativa: a pilot case series
Authors: Chaffin Abigail E , Buckley Marie-Claire 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Surgical management of Hurley stage III hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) typically involves the excision of diseased tissue and subsequent reconstruction, potentially leading to complications or recurrence of the disease. This pilot case series sought to evaluate a decellularised ovine forestomach matrix (OFM) extracellular matrix (ECM) graft for soft tissue regeneration as part of surgical reconstruction of stage III HS of the axilla. Method: The prospective pilot case series involved six participants and a total of eight defects. The ECM graft was used either as a dermal substitute for a staged reconstruction (n=3 defects) or as an implant under a fasciocutaneous flap (n=5 defects) following wide excision of the diseased tissue. Results: In all cases complete healing was achieved, with no major surgical complications. When used as a dermal substitute the OFM graft was completely granulated within 2–4 weeks, with defects closing by secondary intention or following placement of a split-thickness skin graft. When used as an implant beneath a fasciocutaneous flap, healing of the surgical sites was observed after 1–3 months. At the long-term follow-up (3–12 months), all participants had excellent range of motion and none had reported disease recurrences. Conclusion: This pilot case series explored the implementation of an ECM graft as part of the surgical management of axilla Hurley stage III HS. Although the study had a limited number of participants, long-term outcomes were promising and suggest further studies are warranted.
A European randomised controlled trial for venous leg ulcers: a mathematical model analysis
Authors: Renner Regina 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Mathematical models have the potential to provide valuable insights into complex, biochemical and biomechanical processes. Previously, we developed a mathematical model with a non-linear growth function but could only confirm the feasibility of this model in clinical trials with a small number of patients. This limited the validity of our model. To increase validity, we applied the model to a larger number of patients. Method: The mathematical model was applied to patient data from a randomised controlled trial as part of the post-evaluation of the model. In this trial, patients with venous leg ulcers were randomised for treatment with either a two-layer bandage or a four-layer bandage. Results: Data for 186 patients were analysed (two-layer bandage group, n=93; four-layer bandage group, n=93). Using the non-linear growth function, it was confirmed that the two-layer bandage was not inferior to the four-layer bandage. In addition, the mathematical model calculated individual wound healing trajectories and mean wound healing trajectories for both bandage systems. By extrapolating to t→∞, the two-layer bandage had a marginal benefit and resulted in a persistent wound area that was 7% of the initial wound area compared with 17% for the four-layer bandage. Conclusion: This analysis supported the previously performed statistical analysis, and allowed us to obtain details of the treated study population that may help in non-inferiority trials via extrapolation. It also provided new insights into the wound healing process by generating wound healing trajectories.
Assessment of pelvic morphology using 3D imaging and analysis in unilateral Crowe-IV developmental dysplasia of the hip
Authors: Huang Yi-Fan , Gao Yu-Hang , Li Ye-Ran , Ding Lu , Liu Jian-Guo , Qi Xin 
Published: November 2020

Aims Morphological abnormalities are present in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). We studied and compared the pelvic anatomy and morphology between the affected hemipelvis with the unaffected side in patients with unilateral Crowe type IV DDH using 3D imaging and analysis. Methods A total of 20 patients with unilateral Crowe-IV DDH were included in the study. The contralateral side was considered normal in all patients. A coordinate system based on the sacral base (SB) in a reconstructed pelvic model was established. The pelvic orientations (tilt, rotation, and obliquity) of the affected side were assessed by establishing a virtual anterior pelvic plane (APP). The bilateral coordinates of the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and the centres of hip rotation were established, and parameters concerning size and volume were compared for both sides of the pelvis. Results The ASIS on the dislocated side was located inferiorly and anteriorly compared to the healthy side (coordinates on the y-axis and z-axis; p = 0.001; p = 0.031). The centre of hip rotation on the dislocated side was located inferiorly and medially compared to the healthy side (coordinates on the x-axis and the y-axis; p < 0.001; p = 0.003). The affected hemipelvis tilted anteriorly in the sagittal plane (mean 8.05° (SD 3.57°)), anteriorly rotated in the transverse plane (mean 3.31° (SD 1.41°)), and tilted obliquely and caudally in the coronal plane (mean 2.04° (SD 0.81°)) relative to the healthy hemipelvis. The affected hemipelvis was significantly smaller in the length, width, height, and volume than the healthy counterpart. (p = 0.014; p = 0.009; p = 0.035; p = 0.002). Conclusion Asymmetric abnormalities were identified on the affected hemipelvis in patients with the unilateral Crowe-IV DDH using 3D imaging techniques. Improved understanding of the morphological changes may influence the positioning of the acetabular component at THA. Acetabular component malpositioning errors caused by anterior tilt of the affected hemi pelvis and the abnormal position of the affected side centre of rotation should be considered by orthopaedic surgeons when undertaking THA in patients with Crowe-IV DDH. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(10):1311–1318.
Retrospective evaluation of outcomes of bone peg fixation for osteochondral lesion of the talus
Authors: Park Chul H. , Song Kwang-Soon , Kim Jung R. , Lee Si-Wook 
Published: November 2020

Aims The hypothesis of this study was that bone peg fixation in the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus would show satisfactory clinical and radiological results, without complications. Methods Between September 2014 and July 2017, 25 patients with symptomatic osteochondritis of the talus and an osteochondral fragment, who were treated using bone peg fixation, were analyzed retrospectively. All were available for complete follow-up at a mean 22 of months (12 to 35). There were 15 males and ten females with a mean age of 19.6 years (11 to 34). The clinical results were evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score preoperatively and at the final follow-up. The radiological results were evaluated using classification described by Hepple et al based on the MRI findings, the location of the lesion, the size of the osteochondral fragment, and the postoperative healing of the lesion. Results The mean VAS and AOFAS score improved significantly from 6.3 (4 to 8) and 70.6 (44 to 78) preoperatively to 1.6 (0 to 5) and 91.1 (77 to 100) at the final follow-up, respectively (p < 0.001). The classification on MRI was stage 2a in nine patients, stage 3 in 14, and stage 4 in two. The lesion was located on the posteromedial aspect of the dome of the talus in 19 patients, the anterolateral aspect in five, and the centrolateral aspect in one. The mean size of the fragment was 11.2 mm (5 to 20) horizontally, 10.4 mm (7 to 18) vertically, and 5.2 mm (3 to 10) deep, respectively. The postoperative healing state was good in 19 patients and fair in six. Conclusion Bone peg fixation for osteochondral lesions of the talus showed satisfactory clinical and radiographic results, without complications. This technique could be a good form of treatment for patients with this condition who have an osteochondral fragment. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(10):1349–1353.