bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED ARTICLE: m6A modification-mediated CBX8 induction regulates stemness and chemosensitivity of colon cancer via upregulation of LGR5
Authors: Zhang Yi , Kang Min , Zhang Bin , Meng Fanchao , Song Jun , Kaneko Hiroshi , Shimamoto Fumio , Tang Bo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Colon cancer (CC) cells can exhibit stemness and expansion capabilities, which contribute to resistance to conventional chemotherapies. Aberrant expression of CBX8 has been identified in many types of cancer, but the cause of this aberrant CBX8 expression and whether CBX8 is associated with stemness properties in CC remain unknown.

Methods
qRT-PCR and IHC were applied to examine CBX8 levels in normal and chemoresistant CC tissues. Cancer cell stemness and chemosensitivity were evaluated by spheroid formation, colony formation, Western blot and flow cytometry assays. RNA-seq combined with ChIP-seq was used to identify target genes, and ChIP, IP and dual luciferase reporter assays were applied to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Results
CBX8 was significantly overexpressed in chemoresistant CC tissues. In addition, CBX8 could promote stemness and suppress chemosensitivity through LGR5. Mechanistic studies revealed that CBX8 activate the transcription of LGR5 in a noncanonical manner with assistance of Pol II. CBX8 recruited KMT2b to the LGR5 promoter, which maintained H3K4me3 status to promote LGR5 expression. Moreover, m6A methylation participated in the upregulation of CBX8 by maintaining CBX8 mRNA stability.

Conclusions
Upon m6A methylation-induced upregulation, CBX8 interacts with KMT2b and Pol II to promote LGR5 expression in a noncanonical manner, which contributes to increased cancer stemness and decreased chemosensitivity in CC. This study provides potential new therapeutic targets and valuable prognostic markers for CC.
Chronic kidney disease: a review of proteomic and metabolomic approaches to membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy biomarkers
Authors: Taherkhani Amir , Farrokhi Yekta Reyhaneh , Mohseni Maede , Saidijam Massoud , Arefi Oskouie Afsaneh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health problem annually affecting millions of people around the world. It is a comprehensive syndrome, and various factors may contribute to its occurrence. In this study, it was attempted to provide an accurate definition of chronic kidney disease; followed by focusing and discussing on molecular pathogenesis, novel diagnosis approaches based on biomarkers, recent effective antigens and new therapeutic procedures related to high-risk chronic kidney disease such as membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and IgA nephropathy, which may lead to end-stage renal diseases. Additionally, a considerable number of metabolites and proteins that have previously been discovered and recommended as potential biomarkers of various CKDsusing ‘-omics-’ technologies, proteomics, and metabolomics were reviewed.
Health for all by all-pursuing multi-sectoral action on health for SDGs in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region
Authors: Al-Mandhari Ahmed , El-Adawy Maha , Khan Wasiq , Ghaffar Abdul 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region is endowed with deep intellectual tradition, interesting cultural diversity, and a strong societal fabric; components of a vibrant platform for promoting health and wellbeing. Health has a central place in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for at least three reasons: Firstly, health is shaped by factors outside of the health sector. Secondly, health can be singled out among several SDGs as it provides a clear lens for examining the progress of the entire development process. Thirdly, in addition to being an outcome, health is also a contributor to achieving sustainable development. Realizing this central role of health in SDGs and the significance of collaboration among diverse sectors, the WHO is taking action. In its most recent General Program of Work 2019–2023 (GPW 13), the WHO has set a target of promoting the health of one billion more people by addressing social and other determinants of health through multi-sectoral collaboration. The WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, through Vision 2023, aims at addressing these determinants by adopting an equity-driven, leaving no one behind approach. Advocating for Health in All Policies, multi-sectoral action, community engagement, and strategic partnerships are the cornerstone for this approach. The focus areas include addressing the social and economic determinants of health across the life course, especially maternal and child health, communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, and injuries. The aspirations are noteworthy – however, recent work in progress in countries has also highlighted some areas for improvement. Joint work among different ministries and departments at country level is essential to achieve the agenda of sustainable development. For collaboration, not only the ministries and departments need to be engaged, but the partnerships with other stakeholders such as civil society and private sector are a necessity and not a choice to effectively pursue achievement of SDGs.
Contradictions within the SDGs: are sin taxes for health improvement at odds with employment and economic growth in Zambia
Authors: Hangoma Peter , Surgey Gavin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
A recurring discussion in the literature relates to the possible contradictions among the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The focus has been on economic goals, such as economic growth and goals related to climate change. We explore the possible contradictions that may arise between economic goals and health goals, specifically, the goal on Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) — SDG3.4. As a way to achieve SDG3.4, countries have been urged to introduce sin taxes, such as those on sugar. Yet others have argued that such taxes may affect employment (SDG 8.5), economic growth (SDG 8.1), and increase poverty (SDG1). However, there is limited or no reliable evidence, using actual experience, on the effect of sugar tax on health and economic outcomes. This makes it hard to assess the possible contradictions in SDGs that sugar taxes may generate.

Main body
Using a conceptual framework on SDGs that views relationships among SDGs as either contradictory, reinforcing, or neutral, we carefully consider whether there are contradictions between SDG 3.4 on one hand and SDG 1, SDG 8.1, and SDG 8.5 on the other hand. We illustrate this using Zambia which recently introduced an equivalent 3% tax on non-alcoholic beverages, implicitly targeted at sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), given the stated goal of reducing NCDs. Concerns are that such a tax would be detrimental to the Zambia sugar value chain which contributes about 6% to GDP, in which case the achievement of SDG 3.4 (health) would be at odds with, or contradict, SDG 1, SDG 8.1, and SDG 8.5 (poverty eradication, economic growth, and creation of employment). We discuss that the existence of contradictions depend on a number of contextual factors, which allows us to make two conclusions about sugar taxation in Zambia. First, the current tax rate of 3% is likely neutral (no contradictions or reinforcing relationships) because it is too low to have any health or employment effects. However, the revenue raised can be reinvested to improve livelihoods. Secondly, the tax rate should be increased but care has to be exercised to ensure that the rate is not too high to generate contradictions. There will be need to carefully assess important parameters such as elasticities and explore alternative economic livelihoods.

Conclusion
Without paying due consideration to important contextual factors, Zambia and many LMIC risk experiencing contradictions among SDGs.
Pulsatile arterial blood pressure mimicking aortic valve opening during continuous-flow LVAD support: a case report
Authors: Paprotny Matthias , Ruschitzka Frank , Lüders Bernd , Wilhelm Markus J. , Aser Raed , Bettex Dominique , Flammer Andreas J. , Rudiger Alain , Winnik Stephan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) have become a common treatment option in advanced heart failure. Lack of aortic valve opening during left ventricular unloading is a common complication and associated with a worse outcome. Maintaining a minimum pulse pressure is an important goal during the early postoperative period after LVAD implantation since it is commonly seen as secure sign of aortic valve opening.

Aims/objective
We report a case of an LVAD-supported patient with early permanent closure of the aortic valve despite a pulse pressure > 15 mmHg at all times following LVAD implantation. We demonstrate how careful assessment of the invasive arterial blood pressure curve can indicate aortic valve closure irrespective of pulsatile blood flow.

Method
A 69-year old male patient with terminal ischemic cardiomyopathy was referred for long-term mechanical circulatory support. Due to mild aortic regurgitation both an aortic bioprosthesis and a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device were implanted. Postoperative echocardiography documented a patent aortic bioprosthesis and an acceptable residual systolic left ventricular contractility. During invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring repetitive transient slight blood pressure decreases followed by slight blood pressure increases coincided with programmed LVAD flushing cycles. Permanent pulsatile flow with a pulse pressure of ≥15 mmHg conveyed systolic opening of the aortic valve. Echocardiography, however, proved early permanent aortic valve closure. In retrospect, transformation of the automated LVAD flushing cycles into visible changes of the arterial blood pressure curve during invasive blood pressure monitoring is indicative of ejection of the complete cardiac output through LVAD itself, and therefore an early clinical sign of aortic valve closure.

Discussion/conclusion
We present this interesting didactic case to highlight caveats during the early postoperative period after LVAD implantation. Moreover, this case demonstrates that careful and differentiated observation of the arterial blood pressure waveform provides crucial information in this unique and growing patient population of continuous-flow LVAD support.
Huang-Lian Jie-Du decoction: a review on phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic investigations
Authors: Qi Yiyu , Zhang Qichun , Zhu Huaxu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHuang-Lian Jie-Du decoction (HLJDD), a famous traditional Chinese prescription constituted byRhizoma Coptidis,Radix Scutellariae,Cortex PhellodendriandFructus Gradeniae, has notable characteristics of dissipating heat and detoxification, interfering with tumors, hepatic diseases, metabolic disorders, inflammatory or allergic processes, cerebral diseases and microbial infections. Based on the wide clinical applications, accumulating investigations about HLJDD focused on several aspects: (1) chemical analysis to explore the underlying substrates responsible for the therapeutic effects; (2) further determination of pharmacological actions and the possible mechanisms of the whole prescription and of those representative ingredients to provide scientific evidence for traditional clinical applications and to demonstrate the intriguing molecular targets for specific pathological processes; (3) pharmacokinetic feature studies of single or all components of HLJDD to reveal the chemical basis and synergistic actions contributing to the pharmacological and clinically therapeutic effects. In this review, we summarized the main achievements of phytochemical, pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profiles of HLJDD and its herbal or pharmacologically active chemicals, as well as our understanding which further reveals the significance of HLJDD clinically.
Insecticide resistance in Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 in Brazil: a review
Authors: Lopes Ramon Pereira , Lima José Bento Pereira , Martins Ademir Jesus 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCulex quinquefasciatusis a successful invasive species broadly distributed in subtropical regions, including Brazil. It is an extremely annoying mosquito due to its nocturnal biting behavior, in high-density populations and it is a potential bridge between sylvatic arbovirus from birds to man in urban territories. Herein, we present a review concerning the methods of chemical control employed againstCx. quinquefasciatusin Brazil since the 1950’s and insecticide resistance data registered in the literature. As there is no specific national programme forCx. quinquefasciatuscontrol in Brazil, the selection of insecticide resistance is likely due in part to the well-designed chemical campaigns againstAedes aegyptiand the elevated employment of insecticides by households and private companies. There are very few publications about insecticide resistance inCx. quinquefasciatusfrom Brazil when compared toAe. aegypti. Nevertheless, resistance to organophosphates, carbamate, DDT, pyrethroids and biolarvicides has been registered inCx. quinquefasciatuspopulations from distinct localities of the country. Concerning physiological mechanisms selected for resistance, distinct patterns of esterases, as well as mutations in the acetylcholinesterase (ace-1) and voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV) genes, have been identified in natural populations. Given environmental changes and socioeconomical issues in the cities, in recent years we have been experiencing an increase in the number of disease cases caused by arboviruses, which may involveCx. quinquefasciatusparticipation as a key vector. It is urgent to better understand the efficiency and susceptibility status to insecticides, as well as the genetic background of known resistant mechanisms already present inCx. quinquefasciatuspopulations for an effective and rapid chemical control when eventually required.
MethylToSNP: identifying SNPs in Illumina DNA methylation array data
Authors: LaBarre Brenna A. , Goncearenco Alexander , Petrykowska Hanna M. , Jaratlerdsiri Weerachai , Bornman M. S. Riana , Hayes Vanessa M. , Elnitski Laura 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrent array-based methods for the measurement of DNA methylation rely on the process of sodium bisulfite conversion to differentiate between methylated and unmethylated cytosine bases in DNA. In the absence of genotype data this process can lead to ambiguity in data interpretation when a sample has polymorphisms at a methylation probe site. A common way to minimize this problem is to exclude such potentially problematic sites, with some methods removing as much as 60% of array probes from consideration before data analysis.ResultsHere, we present an algorithm implemented in an R Bioconductor package, MethylToSNP, which detects a characteristic data pattern to infer sites likely to be confounded by polymorphisms. Additionally, the tool provides a stringent reliability score to allow thresholding on SNP predictions. We calibrated parameters and thresholds used by the algorithm on simulated and real methylation data sets. We illustrate findings using methylation data from YRI (Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria), CEPH (European descent) and KhoeSan (southern African) populations. Our polymorphism predictions made using MethylToSNP have been validated through SNP databases and bisulfite and genomic sequencing.ConclusionsThe benefits of this method are threefold. First, it prevents extensive data loss by considering only SNPs specific to the individuals in the study. Second, it offers the possibility to identify new polymorphisms in samples for which there is little known about the genetic landscape. Third, it identifies variants as they exist in functional regions of a genome, such as in CTCF (transcriptional repressor) sites and enhancers, that may be common alleles or personal mutations with potential to deleteriously affect genomic regulatory activities. We demonstrate that MethylToSNP is applicable to the Illumina 450K and Illumina 850K EPIC array data and is also backwards compatible to the 27K methylation arrays. Going forward, this kind of nuanced approach can increase the amount of information derived from precious data sets by considering samples of the project individually to enable more informed decisions about data cleaning.
Reflecting trends in the academic landscape of sustainable energy using probabilistic topic modeling
Authors: Bickel Manuel W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundFacing planetary boundaries, we need a sustainable energy system providing its life support function for society in the long-term within environmental limits. Since science plays an important role in decision-making, this study examines the thematic landscape of research on sustainable energy, which may contribute to a sustainability transformation. Understanding the structure of the research field allows for critical reflections and the identification of blind spots for advancing this field.MethodsThe study applies a text mining approach on 26533 Scopus-indexed abstracts published from 1990 to 2016 based on a latent Dirichlet allocation topic model. Models with up 1100 topics were created. Based on coherence scores and manual inspection, the model with 300 topics was selected. These statistical methods served for highlighting timely topic trends, differing thematic fields, and emerging communities in the topic network. The study critically reflects the quantitative results from a sustainability perspective.ResultsThe study identifies a focus on establishing and optimizing the energy infrastructure towards 100% renewable energies through key modern technology areas: materials science, (biological) process engineering, and (digital) monitoring and control systems. Energy storage, photonic materials, nanomaterials, or biofuels belong to the topics with the strongest trends. The study identifies decreasing trends for general aspects regarding sustainable development and related economic, environmental, and political issues.ConclusionsThe discourse is latently adopting a technology-oriented paradigm focusing on renewable energy generation and is moving away from the multi-faceted concept of sustainability. The field has the potential to contribute to climate change mitigation by optimizing renewable energy systems. However, given the complexity of these systems, horizontal integration of the various valuable vertical research strands is required. Furthermore, the holistic ecological perspective considering the global scale that has originally motivated research on sustainable energy might be re-strengthened, e.g., by an integrated energy and materials perspective. Beyond considering the physical dimensions of energy systems, existing links from the currently technology-oriented discourse to the social sciences might be strengthened. For establishing sustainable energy systems, future research will not only have to target the technical energy infrastructure but put a stronger focus on issues perceivable from a holistic second-order perspective.
A prospective clinical study on implant impression accuracy
Authors: Osman Motaz , Ziada Hassan , Suliman Ahmed , Abubakr Neamat Hassan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
An accurate impression is crucial to the long-term success of dental implants. This investigation evaluated the accuracy of the open and closed implant impression techniques in partially edentulous patients who received two adjacent implants.

Material and methods
Forty patients received Osstem Implants (Osstem Implant System, Seoul, Korea). Two impressions were made for each patient, one using an open tray and a second with a closed tray technique. The horizontal distances between two impression copings were measured and compared to similar measurements on the master casts. Also, under a stereomicroscope (AmScop14370, Myford Road, #150, Irvine, CA 92606 USA) at a 50-fold magnification, the presence or absence of the marginal discrepancies was evaluated.

Results
There were no statistically significant differences regarding horizontal measurements and in the marginal relationship for the two impression techniques, except between the anterior and posterior regions, for the closed tray technique. There were also no statistically significant differences in the impression accuracy between maxillary and the mandibular arches. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences for the intraoral horizontal distances, compared to similar horizontal measurements on master casts, between the open and closed tray techniques.

Conclusions
Within the limitations of the present study, there were generally no differences in the impression accuracy between the open and closed tray techniques in partially edentulous patients with two adjacent implants.
Acid-specific formaldehyde donor is a potential, dual targeting cancer chemotherapeutic/chemo preventive drug for FANC/BRCA-mutant cancer
Authors: Ridpath John R. , Nakamura Jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Development of chemotherapeutic/preventive drugs that selectively kill cancer - the Holy Grail of cancer research - is a major challenge. A particular difficulty arises when chemotherapeutics and radiation are found to be rather ineffective against quiescent cancer cells in solid tumors. In the limited oxygen condition within a solid tumor, glycolysis induces an acidic environment. In such an environment the compound hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) will act as a formaldehyde donor. HMTA has been characterized a non-carcinogen in experimental animals and causes no major adverse side-effects in humans. We previously reported that both a chicken B-lymphocyte cell line transformed with an avian leucosis virus and human colon cancer cells deficient in the FANC/BRCA pathway are hypersensitive to formaldehyde. Thus, we assessed the potential usage of HMTA as a chemotherapeutic agent.

Results
The differential cytotoxicity of HMTA was tested using chicken DT40 cells deficient in DNA repair under neutral and acidic conditions. While HMTA is not efficiently hydrolyzed under neutral conditions, all HR-deficient DT40 cells tested were hypersensitive to HMTA at pH 7.3. In contrast, HMTA clearly increased cell toxicity in FANCD2-, BRCA1- and BRCA2- deficient cells under acidic conditions.

Conclusion
Here we show that in vitro experiments showed that at low pH HMTA causes drastic cytotoxicity specifically in cells deficient in the FANC/BRCA pathway. These results strongly suggest that HMTA may be an attractive, dual-targeting chemotherapeutic/preventive drug for the selective delivery of formaldehyde to solid tumors and causes cell death in FANC/BRCA-deficient cells without major adverse effects.