bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The presence of a conspecific induces risk‐taking behaviour and enlargement of somata size of dopaminergic neurons in the brain of male medaka fish
Authors: Otsuka Airi , Shimomura Kenta , Niwa Haruka , Kagawa Nao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBoldness and risk‐taking behaviours in animals are important traits to obtain advantages such as habitation, food resources, reproductive success and social dominance. Risk‐taking behaviour is influenced by physiological and environmental conditions; however, whether individual fish become bolder by the presence of conspecifics remains unknown. In this study, a light–dark preference test was conducted using medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) with or without a neighbouring conspecific. It was found that individual medaka male fish preferred a light environment and avoided a dark environment, whereas the display of a neighbouring conspecific enhanced the time the male spent in the dark environment (i.e., this condition encouraged risk‐taking). The blood glucose level increased in fish confined to the dark condition but did not increase in light‐preferring fish and risk‐taking fish. Large somata expressing tyrosine hydroxylase, which is the rate‐limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, were detected in the telencephalic and diencephalic brain regions in risk‐taking medaka, whereas large somata were detected in the diencephalic region in medaka confined to the dark condition. These findings indicated that medaka is a good fish model to explore the central roles of dopaminergic neurons in the telencephalon and the diencephalon, which regulate risk‐taking behaviour.
Differences in δ15N and δ13C between embryonic and maternal tissues of the ovoviviparous bluntnose sixgill shark Hexanchus griseus
Authors: Osgood Geoffrey J. , Timmer Brian , Cox Kieran , Juanes Francis , Baum Julia K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStable nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) isotope ratios from muscle, liver and yolk were analysed from the mother and embryos of an ovoviviparous shark, Hexanchus griseus. Embryonic liver and muscle had similar δ15N and δ13C ratios or were depleted in heavy isotopes, compared to the same maternal somatic and reproductive yolk tissues, but no relationship existed between δ15N or δ13C and embryo length, as expected, because a switch to placental nourishment is lacking in this species. This study expands the understanding of maternal nourishment and embryonic stable isotope differences in ovoviviparous sharks.
Synthetic hair reactions and treatment of complications: Case reports
Authors: Triwongwaranat Daranporn , Boonchai Waranya , Subchookul Chanika , Sitthinamsuwan Panitta , Thuangtong Rattapon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundSynthetic hair fiber implantation first achieved widespread use in the 1970s, but in 1983, the US Federal Drug Administration banned the fibers due to its complications. Currently available synthetic fibers consist of polyamide material, which has been claimed to be effective and safe. Nevertheless, its use for hair restoration is controversial because of complications such as recurrent infections; the rejection and the faster‐than‐anticipated loss of fibers; frequent allergic reactions; fears about carcinogenicity; cicatricial alopecia; granulomatous hypersensitivity; and cyst formation.AimsTo report complications of synthetic hair implantation and treatments.MethodsWe report the clinical data, pathological studies, and treatment outcomes of two patients who developed complications after a synthetic hair implantation.ResultsOur case reports showed significant moderate‐to‐severe adverse events, including recurrent folliculitis, scalp crusting, scarring, the matting and breakage of fibers, and granulomatous reactions. The onset of the reactions varied between 1 and 8 weeks. Pathological studies showed that the implantation of the synthetic hair into the scalp produced a hyperplastic proliferation of epidermal cells, foreign body granuloma, and persistent acute inflammation due to bacterial infections. In our study, definitive treatment was ineffective until the synthetic fibers were removed from the scalp.ConclusionThese significant adverse reactions may limit the benefits of synthetic hair fiber implantation for some patients. Although the inflammations were initially controlled by oral and topical antibiotics, a variety of antibiotics were unable to control the folliculitis. The fibers were ultimately removed, following which, the inflammations improved.
A topical cell therapy approach for diabetic chronic ulcers: Effects of mesenchymal stromal cells associated with platelet‐rich plasma
Authors: Stessuk Talita , Ribeiro‐Paes João Tadeu , Colpas Paula Tavares , Martins Alves Paulo César , Rehder Jussara , Bosnardo Carla Aparecida Faccio , Guillaumon Ana Terezinha , Forte Andresa , Puzzi Maria Beatriz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic cutaneous ulcers are subjected to several physiological and biochemical defects, which contribute to wound chronicity and therapeutic failure. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has been used for stimulating tissue regeneration, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have demonstrated therapeutic properties in all phases of skin regeneration in cell therapy studies.AimsThe objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects related to the use of a biomembrane composed of autologous MSCs and PRP on chronic wounds of diabetic patients (pre‐post pilot study).Patients/MethodsSix diabetic patients with chronic wounds for more than 6 months were subjected to adipose tissue collection for isolation of MSCs, blood collection for PRP preparation, and topical administration of a biomembrane of MSCs and PRP on each chronic wound. The statistical difference regarding the evolution of ulcers was calculated by means of paired t test.ResultsThere was granulation tissue formation starting from 7 days after topical application. Total re‐epithelialization occurred in 5 of the 9 lesions treated, and the mean wound healing rate (WHR) was 74.55% (±32.55%) after 90 days. No cicatricial hypertrophy or retraction was observed.ConclusionMesenchymal stromal cells topical therapy associated with PRP is well‐tolerated and able to provide a reduction in ulcer area of diabetic chronic wounds.
Efficacy and safety of a 3‐in‐1 antiaging night facial serum containing melatonin, bakuchiol, and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate through clinical and histological analysis
Authors: Goldberg David J. , Mraz‐Robinson Deanne , Granger Corinne 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundChanges induced by intrinsic and extrinsic photoaging result in signs of skin aging including altered pigmentation and wrinkles. A 3‐in‐1 night facial serum (NFS) was developed to treat skin aging by antioxidative and retinoid‐like mechanisms.ObjectiveTo determine the clinical and histological effects of the 3‐in‐1 NFS on signs of skin aging, clinically and histologically.Methods & MaterialsTwenty‐four subjects applied serum nightly for 12 weeks, and 12 subjects continued an extension study to 24 weeks. Clinical assessment of skin quality was performed by dermatologists. Skin biopsy was performed at 12 weeks to assess histological changes.ResultsThere was a global aesthetic improvement over the duration of the study: +1.21 points at 12 weeks; +1.25 at 24 weeks. Skin texture, pigmentation, erythema, skin tone, complexion, lines, and wrinkles all significantly improved (P < .05). There was also a significant reduction in photodamage, hyperpigmentation, and wrinkle scores, most notably horizontal forehead expression lines, and marionette lines (P < .05 for all). Dermal and epidermal thickness increased without reaching statistical significance.ConclusionThe 3‐in‐1 NFS had clinically and statistically significant effects on signs of skin aging after 12 weeks, which became more pronounced after 24 weeks.
Platelet‐rich plasma in noninvasive procedures for atrophic acne scars: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Long Tyler , Gupta Akhil , Ma Steven , Hsu Sylvia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) combined with noninvasive, nonenergy procedures for atrophic acne scars has shown promise. To date, there has not been a systematic review or meta‐analysis of the effectiveness of this therapy.AimsTo use meta‐analysis to compare Goodman and Baron qualitative scores, patient satisfaction outcomes, and adverse effects in patients undergoing combination procedures with PRP, combination procedures without PRP, and noninvasive monotherapy without PRP in the treatment of patients with atrophic acne scars.Patients/MethodsThe Pubmed and Cochrane library databases were searched for relevant studies published before May 1, 2019. PRISMA guidelines were utilized. Studies that compared the use of PRP in combination with a noninvasive procedure and therapies without PRP for the treatment of atrophic acne scars were included. Cochrane's handbook was utilized to assess the individual biases of the included studies. Publication bias was assessed.ResultsA total of 311 participants (153 whole‐face participants and 158 split‐face participants) were reviewed across eight included studies. Quantitative analysis of 241 participants across six included studies showed a statistically significant reduction in scar severity scores in favor of microneedling or subcision with PRP (P < .001). Combination therapy with intradermal or topical PRP was significantly more effective than monotherapy alone and combination therapy with an adjunct other than PRP (P < .001 and .001, respectively).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis demonstrated that microneedling or subcision with PRP produced statistically significant improvement in validated outcomes over microneedling or subcision alone.
Differential diagnosis of toothache to prevent erroneous and unnecessary dental treatment
Authors: De Laat Antoon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractToothache represents the most common example of oro‐facial pain. Its origin is mostly odontogenic, but several other conditions may mimic dental pain or present themselves as such. Well‐known examples are myofascial pain, trigeminal neuropathies like neuralgia and painful post‐traumatic trigeminal neuropathic pain, oro‐facial neurovascular pains, cardiac pain and sinus disease. This review first discusses the current knowledge on the underlying pathophysiology of heterotopic tooth pain. Afterwards, several conditions potentially presenting as toothache will be illustrated regarding clinical features, diagnosis and management.
Technique to Fabricate Hollow Maxillary Complete Denture Using 3D Printed Template
Authors: Shah Rupal Jaydip , Lagdive Sanjay Balaji , Machchhar Abhay Hareshkumar , Periyanan Kalaiarasi , Cherian Sherin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSeverely resorbed residual alveolar ridges are a challenge in rehabilitation with removable complete dentures. Increased interarch space may result in increased height of maxillary and/or mandibular dentures with corresponding increase in weight, which may compromise retention and resistance of the denture and ultimately, the success of the removable prosthesis. There are many techniques and materials described for reducing the weight of dentures. This article describes an innovative technique for fabricating hollow maxillary dentures using a 3D printed hollow dental surgical guide resin spacer. The double flask technique was used to construct the hollow denture and was modified to incorporate the hollow spacer at the time of final closure of flasks.
Melatonin and circadian rhythms in liver diseases: Functional roles and potential therapies
Authors: Sato Keisaku , Meng Fanyin , Francis Heather , Wu Nan , Chen Lixian , Kennedy Lindsey , Zhou Tianhao , Franchitto Antonio , Onori Paolo , Gaudio Eugenio , Glaser Shannon , Alpini Gianfranco 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCircadian rhythms and clock gene expressions are regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus, and melatonin is produced in the pineal gland. Although the brain detects the light through retinas and regulates rhythms and melatonin secretion throughout the body, the liver has independent circadian rhythms and expressions as well as melatonin production. Previous studies indicate the association between circadian rhythms with various liver diseases, and disruption of rhythms or clock gene expression may promote liver steatosis, inflammation, or cancer development. It is well known that melatonin has strong antioxidant effects. Alcohol drinking or excess fatty acid accumulation produces reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress in the liver leading to liver injuries. Melatonin administration protects these oxidative stress‐induced liver damage and improves liver conditions. Recent studies have demonstrated that melatonin administration is not limited to antioxidant effects and it has various other effects contributing to the management of liver conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that restoring circadian rhythms or expressions as well as melatonin supplementation may be promising therapeutic strategies for liver diseases. This review summarizes recent findings for the functional roles and therapeutic potentials of circadian rhythms and melatonin in liver diseases.
Therapeutic relationships: Making space to practice in chaotic institutional environments
Authors: Kingston Mark A , Greenwood Sallie 
Published: February 2020

Accessible summaryWhat is known about the subject?

While therapeutic relationships remain core to mental health nursing practice and patient recovery, increased managerialism and focus on risk has impacted nurses’ therapeutic practice with patients. While there is anecdotal evidence of the impact there has been little research that demonstrates nurses experience of therapeutic engagement within the current context.

What the paper adds to existing knowledge?

The paper reports on qualitative research that highlights nurses’ strong attempts to create the space for therapeutic engagement with clients.

This research provides evidence of the constraints on practice imposed by new managerial processes and suggests potential means of responding to them.

What are the implications for practice?

Mental health nurses are committed to working therapeutically but struggle to balance this against new managerial demands imposed across many OECD countries. The New Zealand government has recently reported on positive changes to mental health provision but does not suggest changes to the structures that impede good practice. This research indicates that structural change is essential to therapeutic engagement.

AbstractIntroductionIncreasing managerialism, driven in part by notions of risk, compromises the mental health nurses therapeutic engagement with clients potentially impacting their recovery. While the importance of therapeutic relationships in mental health recovery is acknowledged, there is little evidence about how managerial processes encroach on this relationship.AimTo explore mental health nurses experience of engaging in therapeutic relationships within the current practice environment.MethodThis paper utilized an interpretive phenomenological approach, using interviews with mental health nurses.ResultsManagerial processes significantly impacted the practice of nurses who struggled to make space for therapeutic relationships within a chaotic milieu. The chaos is associated with increasing austerity within the health system; this has resulted in high staff turnover and staff shortages.DiscussionManagerial demands dominate the practice field at the expense of therapeutic engagement between nurses and clients ultimately affecting client recovery. While nurses’ integrity means they desperately try to make space for the therapeutic work, they often become burnt out and disheartened.Implications for practiceWhile nurses are often blamed for failures in the system, the structures that disable nurses in their attempts to practice therapeutically require urgent responses, strengthening professional organizations and engaging in democratic partnerships with consumer groups.
Gentle rocking movements during sleep in the elderly
Authors: van Sluijs Rachel , Wilhelm Elisabeth , Rondei Quincy , Omlin Ximena , Crivelli Francesco , Straumann Dominik , Jäger Lukas , Riener Robert , Achermann Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVestibular stimulation in the form of rocking movements could be a promising non‐pharmacological intervention for populations with reduced sleep quality, such as the elderly. We hypothesized that rocking movements influence sleep by promoting comfort. We assessed whether gentle rocking movements can facilitate the transition from wake to sleep, increase sleep spindle density and promote deep sleep in elderly people. We assessed self‐reported comfort using a pilot protocol including translational movements and movements along a pendulum trajectory with peak linear accelerations between 0.10 and 0.20 m/s2. We provided whole‐night stimulation using the settings rated most comfortable during the pilot study (movements along a pendulum trajectory with peak linear acceleration of 0.15 m/s2). Sleep measures (polysomnography) of two baseline and two movement nights were compared. In our sample (n = 19; eight female; mean age: 66.7 years, standard deviation: 3 years), vestibular stimulation using preferred stimulation settings did not improve sleep. A reduction of delta power was observed, suggesting reduced sleep depth during rocking movements. Sleep fragmentation was similar in both conditions. We did not observe a sleep‐promoting effect using settings optimized to be comfortable. This finding could imply that comfort is not the underlying mechanism. At frequencies below 0.3 Hz, the otoliths cannot distinguish tilt from translation. Translational movement trajectories, such as used in previous studies reporting positive effects of rocking, could have caused sensory confusion due to a mismatch between vestibular and other sensory information. We propose that this sensory confusion might be essential to the sleep‐promoting effect of rocking movements described in other studies.
Introduction of Methods Showcase Articles in Language Learning
Authors: Crossley Scott , Marsden Emma , Ellis Nick , Kormos Judit , Morgan‐Short Kara , Thierry Guillaume 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBuilding on initiatives to promote high quality methodologies and Open Science practices in the language sciences, Language Learning will introduce, as of March 2020, a new manuscript type entitled Methods Showcase Articles (MSAs). The purpose of MSAs is to introduce new or emerging qualitative and quantitative methods, techniques, or instrumentation for language data collection, cleaning, sampling, coding, scoring, and analysis. MSAs are intended to describe methods and provide detailed examples of their application such that language researchers can easily adopt or adapt them in future studies. In this editorial, we outline the goals, format, and benefits of MSAs, discuss how they can advance language sciences, and discuss potential concerns.
Effects of cooperation on information disclosure in mock‐witness interviews
Authors: De La Fuente Vilar Alejandra , Horselenberg Robert , Strömwall Leif A. , Landström Sara , Hope Lorraine , van Koppen Peter J. 
Published: February 2020

PurposeForensic interviewers often face witnesses who are unwilling to cooperate with the investigation. In this experimental study, we examined the extent to which cooperativeness instructions affect information disclosure in a witness investigative interview.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐six participants watched a recorded mock‐crime and were interviewed twice as mock‐witnesses. They were randomly assigned to one of four conditions instructing different levels of cooperativeness: Control (no instructions), Cooperation, No Cooperation, and No Cooperation plus Cooperation. The cooperativeness instructions aimed to influence how participants’ perceived the costs and benefits of cooperation. We predicted that Cooperation and No Cooperation instructions would increase and decrease information disclosure and accuracy, respectively.ResultsWe found decreased information disclosure and, to a lesser extent, accuracy in the No Cooperation and No Cooperation plus Cooperation conditions. In a second interview, the shift of instructions from No Cooperation to Cooperation led to a limited increase of information disclosure at no cost of accuracy. Cooperativeness instructions partially influenced the communication strategies participants used to disclose or withhold information.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate the detrimental effects of uncooperativeness on information disclosure and, to a lesser extent, the accuracy of witness statements. We discuss the implications of a lack of witness cooperation and the importance of gaining witness cooperation to facilitate information disclosure in investigative interviews.
Conservation and expansion of a necrosis‐inducing small secreted protein family from host‐variable phytopathogens of the Sclerotiniaceae
Authors: Denton‐Giles Matthew , McCarthy Hannah , Sehrish Tina , Dijkwel Yasmin , Mesarich Carl H. , Bradshaw Rosie E. , Cox Murray P. , Dijkwel Paul P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFungal effector proteins facilitate host‐plant colonization and have generally been characterized as small secreted proteins (SSPs). We classified and functionally tested SSPs from the secretomes of three closely related necrotrophic phytopathogens:Ciborinia camelliae,Botrytis cinerea,andSclerotinia sclerotiorum. Alignment of predicted SSPs identified a large protein family that share greater than 41% amino acid identity and that have key characteristics of previously described microbe‐associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Strikingly, 73 of the 75 SSP family members were predicted within the secretome of the host‐specialistC. camelliaewith single‐copy homologs identified in the secretomes of the host generalistsS. sclerotiorumandB. cinerea. To explore the potential function of this family of SSPs, 10 of the 73C. camelliaeproteins, together with the single‐copy homologs fromS. sclerotiorum(SsSSP3) andB. cinerea(BcSSP2), were cloned and expressed as recombinant proteins. Infiltration of SsSSP3 and BcSSP2 into host tissue induced rapid necrosis. In contrast, only one of the 10 testedC. camelliaeSSPs was able to induce a limited amount of necrosis. Analysis of chimeric proteins consisting of domains from both a necrosis‐inducing and a non‐necrosis‐inducing SSP demonstrated that the C‐terminus of theS. sclerotiorumSSP is essential for necrosis‐inducing function. Deletion of theBcSSP2homolog fromB. cinereadid not affect growth or pathogenesis. Thus, this research uncovered a family of highly conserved SSPs present in diverse ascomycetes that exhibit contrasting necrosis‐inducing functions.