bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Functional Decline in Hand and Hip/Knee Osteoarthritis After One Year: Data From a Population‐Based Study
Authors: Siviero Paola , Limongi Federica , Gesmundo Antonella , Zambon Sabina , Cooper Cyrus , Dennison Elaine M. , Edwards Mark H. , van der Pas Suzan , Timmermans Erik J. , van Schoor Natasja M. , Schaap Laura A. , Dallmeier Dhayana , Denkinger Michael D. , Peter Richard , Castell Maria Victoria , Otero Ángel , Pedersen Nancy L. , Deeg Dorly J. H. , Maggi Stefania ,   for the European Project on Osteoarthritis Research Group
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate factors that together with hand or hip/knee osteoarthritis (OA) could contribute to functional decline over a year’s time in elderly individuals.MethodsThe data of 1,886 individuals between ages 65 and 85 years in a prospective, observational population‐based study with 12–18 months of follow‐up in the context of the European Project on Osteoarthritis were analyzed. The outcome measures were self‐reported hand and hip/knee functional decline, evaluated using a minimum clinically important difference of 4 on the Australian/Canadian Hand OA Index and of 2 on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index hip/knee physical function subscales, both normalized to 0–100. Using regression models adjusted for sex, age, country, and education level, the baseline factors considered were clinical hand or hip/knee OA, pain, analgesic/antiinflammatory medications, comorbidities, social isolation, income, walking time, grip strength, physical activity time, and medical/social care.ResultsAfter a year, 453 participants were identified as having worse hand functionality and 1,389 as not worse. Hand OA, anxiety, walking time, and grip strength were risk factors for hand functional decline; pain was a confounder of the effect of hand OA.Analgesic/antiinflammatory medications mediated the combined effect of hip/knee OA plus pain on functional decline in the 554 individuals classified as having worse hip/knee functionality and the 1,291 persons who were not worse. Peripheral artery disease, obesity, and cognitive impairment were other baseline risk factors.ConclusionStudy findings showed that together with emotional status and chronic physical and cognitive conditions, OA affects hand and hip/knee functional decline.
Differences in Capacity of High‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Between Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Quevedo‐Abeledo Juan C. , Sánchez‐Pérez Hiurma , Tejera‐Segura Beatriz , de Armas‐Rillo Laura , Armas‐González Estefanía , Machado José David , González‐Gay Miguel A. , Díaz‐González Federico , Ferraz‐Amaro Iván 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveCholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is the ability of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol to accept cholesterol from macrophages. Lipid profiles and CEC appear to be altered in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to disease activity and inflammation. CEC has been linked to cardiovascular events in the general population and to subclinical atherosclerosis in SLE and RA patients. The aim of this study was to establish whether CEC varies between patients with SLE and those with RA.MethodsThe study encompassed 460 individuals (195 SLE patients and 265 patients with RA). CEC (using an in vitro assay) and concentrations of lipoprotein serum were assessed in both populations. A multivariable regression analysis was performed to study whether CEC differs between SLE patients and RA patients.ResultsComparison of lipid patterns revealed that patients with RA have lower HDL cholesterol and higher apolipoprotein B serum levels than SLE patients. CEC was downregulated in SLE patients compared to patients with RA (β –12 [95% confidence interval –13, –10], P < 0.001). It occurred independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, statin use, disease‐related data, and other variations in the lipid profile related to the diseases.ConclusionPatients with RA have a more proatherogenic lipid pattern compared to those with SLE. However, CEC seems to be more damaged in SLE patients than in RA patients.
Significant Decline in the Incidence of Behçet’s Disease in South Korea: A Nationwide Population‐Based Study (2004–2017)
Authors: Jun Jae‐Bum , Kim Hyun Jung , Kazmi Sayada Zartasha , Kang Taeuk , Kim Kyoung‐Beom , Kang Min Ji , Ahn Hyeong Sik 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveLong‐term population‐based data on change in the incidence of Behçet’s disease (BD) are scarce, although a possible decline has been reported. The present study was undertaken to investigate the incidence, survival, and mortality of BD patients from 2004 to 2017 in the Republic of Korea.MethodsWe analyzed a registry of rare intractable diseases and a claims database from the Health Insurance and Review Agency with information on BD patients between 2004 and 2017 using uniform diagnostic criteria. The study period was divided into 3 time periods: 2004–2006, 2007–2010, and 2011–2017.ResultsThe annual incidence of BD decreased from 8.15 per 100,000 in 2004 to 1.51 in 2017, an 81.5% decrease. The annual percentage change was 6.32% for female patients and 6.15% for male patients. The decrease in BD incidence was greater for women and middle‐aged people. The 3‐year survival rate of BD patients during the 2011–2017 period was lower than that of BD patients in 2004–2006 and 2007–2010, although there was no statistical difference. The standardized mortality rates increased significantly in the 2011–2017 period compared to the first 2 periods.ConclusionBD incidence decreased from 2004 to 2017 in the Republic of Korea. This decline in incidence might be attributable to changes in environmental factors, including a reduction in the burden of infectious diseases in the past decades and improvement in oral health during childhood. The unprecedented decline in the incidence of BD in the Republic of Korea without major changes in genetic background suggests that environmental factors are very important to the development of BD.
Computational modeling of microbubble coalescence and breakup using large eddy simulation and Lagrangian tracking
Authors: Asiagbe Kenneth S. , Colombo Marco , Fairweather Michael , Njobuenwu Derrick O. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe flow of dispersed microbubbles was studied with an Eulerian–Lagrangian technique using large eddy simulation to predict the continuous liquid flow and Lagrangian tracking to compute bubble trajectories. The model fully accounts for bubble coalescence and breakup and was applied to horizontal and vertical channel flows. With low levels of turbulence, gravity in horizontal, and lift in vertical, channel flows govern the bubble spatial and collision distribution. When turbulence is sufficiently high to, at least partially, oppose bubble preferential concentration, more uniform collision and coalescence distributions are found, although these remain peaked near the wall in both configurations. Almost 100% coalescence efficiency was always found, due to bubbles colliding along similar trajectories, with breakup only recorded in a flow of low surface tension refrigerant R134a. Models like this can provide the required quantitative understanding of the microbubbles complex behavior, as well as supporting the development of more macroscopic modeling closures.
Fabricating Janus membranes via physicochemical selective chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Mohammadi Ghaleni Mahdi , Tavakoli Elham , Bavarian Mona , Nejati Siamak 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMembranes with asymmetric wettability‐Janus membranes‐have recently received considerable attention for a variety of critical applications. Here, we report on a simple approach to introduce asymmetric wettability into hydrophilic porous domains. Our approach is based on the physicochemical‐selective deposition of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on hydrophilic polymeric substrates. To achieve selective deposition of PTFE, we inhibit the polymerization reaction within the porous domain. We prefill the substrates with glycerol, containing a known amount of free radical inhibitor, and utilize initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) for the polymerization of PTFE. We show that the glycerol/inhibitor mixture hinders the deposition of PTFE within the membrane pores. As a result, the surface of the substrates remains open and porous. The fabricated Janus membranes show stable wetting‐resistant properties, evaluated through sessile drop contact angle measurements and direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD).
A genetic and clinical study of individuals with nonsyndromic retinopathy consequent upon sequence variants in HGSNAT, the gene associated with Sanfilippo C mucopolysaccharidosis
Authors: Schiff Elena R. , Daich Varela Malena , Robson Anthony G. , Pierpoint Karen , Ba‐Abbad Rola , Nutan Savita , Zein Wadih M. , Ullah Ehsan , Huryn Laryssa A. , Tuupanen Sari , Mahroo Omar A. , Michaelides Michel , Burke Derek , Harvey Katie , Arno Gavin , Hufnagel Robert B. , Webster Andrew R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPathogenic variants in the gene HGSNAT (heparan‐α‐glucosaminide N‐acetyltransferase) have been reported to underlie two distinct recessive conditions, depending on the specific genotype, mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIC (MPSIIIC)—a severe childhood‐onset lysosomal storage disorder, and adult‐onset nonsyndromic retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Here we describe the largest cohort to‐date of HGSNAT‐associated nonsyndromic RP patients, and describe their retinal phenotype, leukocyte enzymatic activity, and likely pathogenic genotypes. We identified biallelic HGSNAT variants in 17 individuals (15 families) as the likely cause of their RP. None showed any other symptoms of MPSIIIC. All had a mild but significant reduction of HGSNAT enzyme activity in leukocytes. The retinal condition was generally of late‐onset, showing progressive degeneration of a concentric area of paramacular retina, with preservation but reduced electroretinogram responses. Symptoms, electrophysiology, and imaging suggest the rod photoreceptor to be the cell initially compromised. HGSNAT enzymatic testing was useful in resolving diagnostic dilemmas in compatible patients. We identified seven novel sequence variants [p.(Arg239Cys); p.(Ser296Leu); p.(Phe428Cys); p.(Gly248Ala); p.(Gly418Arg), c.1543‐2A>C; c.1708delA], three of which were considered to be retina‐disease‐specific alleles. The most prevalent retina‐disease‐specific allele p.(Ala615Thr) was observed heterozygously or homozygously in 8 and 5 individuals respectively (7 and 4 families). Two siblings in one family, while identical for the HGSNAT locus, but discordant for retinal disease, suggest the influence of trans‐acting genetic or environmental modifying factors.
Transition Metal Catalyzed Insertion Reactions with Donor/Donor Carbenes
Authors: Bergstrom Benjamin D. , Nickerson Leslie A. , Shaw Jared T. , Souza Lucas W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDonor/donor carbenes are relatively new in the field of carbene chemistry; although applications in C−H and X−H insertion reactions are few in number, they demonstrate exquisite chemo‐ and stereo‐selectivity. Recent reports have shown that C−H, N−H, B−H, O−H, S−H, Si−H, Ge−H, Sn−H and P−H insertion reactions are feasible with a variety of transition metal catalysts, both inter‐ and intramolecularly. Furthermore, high degrees of diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity have been observed in several cases. Methods typically involve the formation of a diazo‐based carbene precursor, but procedures using diazo‐free metal carbenes have been developed with significant success. This Minireview covers transition‐metal catalyzed insertion reactions with donor/donor and donor carbenes, providing context for future developments in this emerging field.
Disulfide‐Linked Allosteric Modulators for Multi‐cycle Kinetic Control of DNA‐Based Nanodevices
Authors: Del Grosso Erica , Ponzo Irene , Ragazzon Giulio , Prins Leonard J. , Ricci Francesco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNature employs sulfur switches, that is, redox‐active disulfides, to kinetically control biological pathways in a highly efficient and reversible way. Inspired by this mechanism, we describe herein a DNA‐based synthetic nanodevice that acts as a sulfur switch and can be temporally controlled though redox regulation. To do this, we rationally designed disulfide DNA strands (modulators) that hybridize to a ligand‐binding DNA nanodevice and act as redox‐active allosteric regulators inducing the nanodevice to release or load its ligand. Upon reduction, the allosteric modulator spontaneously de‐hybridizes from the nanodevice and, as a result, its effect is transient. The system is reversible and has an unprecedented high tolerance to waste products and displays transient behavior for over 40 cycles without significant loss of efficiency. Kinetic control of DNA‐based ligand‐binding nanodevices through purely chemical reactions paves the way for temporal regulation of more complex chemical pathways.
Chiral Macrocycles Having C3 Symmetry Resulting from Orientation of Thiophene Rings
Authors: Miura Tomoya , Nakamuro Takayuki , Ishihara Yumi , Nagata Yuuya , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn chiral RhII‐catalyzed cyclooligomerization reaction of thiophenes having triazolyl and vinyl substituents at the 2‐ and 4‐positions was studied. Structurally interesting cyclic trimers, having chirality that is ascribed only to the orientation of the 2,4‐disubstituted thiophene rings, are obtained. The 2,4‐disubstitution of the starting thiophene monomer allows production of each of the enantiomers. The observed electronic circular‐dichroism spectra are in accord with those simulated by density‐functional theory calculations.
Photocontrolled Cobalt Catalysis for Selective Hydroboration of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones
Authors: Beltran Frédéric , Bergamaschi Enrico , Funes‐Ardoiz Ignacio , Teskey Christopher J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSelectivity between 1,2 and 1,4 addition of a nucleophile to an α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compound has classically been modified by the addition of stoichiometric additives to the substrate or reagent to increase their “hard” or “soft” character. Here, we demonstrate a conceptually distinct approach that instead relies on controlling the coordination sphere of a catalyst with visible light. In this way, we bias the reaction down two divergent pathways, giving contrasting products in the catalytic hydroboration of α,β‐unsaturated ketones. This includes direct access to previously elusive cyclic enolborates, via 1,4‐selective hydroboration, providing a straightforward and stereoselective route to rare syn‐aldol products in one‐pot. DFT calculations and mechanistic experiments confirm two different mechanisms are operative, underpinning this unusual photocontrolled selectivity switch.
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Corannulene‐Based Curved Nanographenes
Authors: Báti Gábor , Csókás Dániel , Yong Teoh , Tam Si Man , Shi Raymond R. S. , Webster Richard D. , Pápai Imre , García Felipe , Stuparu Mihaiela C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt is shown that corannulene‐based strained π‐surfaces can be obtained through the use of mechanochemical Suzuki and Scholl reactions. Besides being solvent‐free, the mechanochemical synthesis is high‐yielding, fast, and scalable. Therefore, gram‐scale preparation can be carried out in a facile and sustainable manner. The synthesized nanographene structure carries positive (bowl‐like) and negative (saddle‐like) Gaussian curvatures and adopts an overall quasi‐monkey saddle‐type of geometry. In terms of properties, the non‐planar surface exhibits a high electron affinity that was measured by cyclic voltammetry, with electrolysis and in situ UV/vis spectroscopy experiments indicating that the one‐electron reduced state displays a long lifetime in solution. Overall, these results indicate the future potential of mechanochemistry in accessing synthetically challenging and functional curved π‐systems.
Physico‐mechanical, rheological and gas barrier properties of organoclay and inorganic phyllosilicate reinforced thermoplastic films
Authors: Ghosh Suman Kumar , Das Tushar Kanti , Ghosh Sabyasachi , Ganguly Sayan , Nath Krishnendu , Das Narayan Chandra 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInsertion of 2:1 organo‐modified phyllosilicate tactoids into rheologically tough thermoplastics has extraordinary potential candidate in oxygen permeability and microstructural toughening. Herein, two commercially abundant clays have been taken for improvement of the thermoplastic's gas barrier property in reasonably low loading. The cause of low loading has been accounted to the usage of maleated polyethylene (MA‐g‐PE) during the melt mixing tenure. The optimized nanocomposite compression molded film has been tested against uniaxial stretching, which showed a negligible change in the residual permanent set with sacrificing the elongation at break feature. Moreover, nanoindentation was also performed to get the hardness of the sample surface. The flow behavior of the nanocomposites showed thixotropic likely with increasing the frequency. Oxygen transmission rate (OTR) has significantly decreased for tallow amine‐modified nanoclay system (cloisite 15A) in comparison to cloisite Na+ providing 'tortoise path' formation inside the matrix. Thus, hitherto, the work could demonstrate and provide the information of comparative studies between organo‐clay and simple phyllosilicates, which could be remediation of the loopholes in mechanical toughening and gas barrier lineaments.
Novel semi‐interpenetrated networks based on collagen‐polyurethane‐polysaccharides in hydrogel state for biomedical applications
Authors: Claudio‐Rizo Jesús A. , Hernandez‐Hernandez Nalleli G. , Cano‐Salazar Lucia F. , Flores‐Guía Tirso E. , de la Cruz‐Durán Fabiola N. , Cabrera‐Munguía Denis A. , Becerra‐Rodríguez Juan J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe development of collagen hydrogels with tailored properties for improved applications in biomedicine represents an area of opportunity for materials science. The collagen can form semi‐interpenetrated networks (semi‐IPN) with various natural and/or synthetic polymers. This work aims the preparation of novel hydrogels generated from a collagen matrix cross‐linked with polyurethane (PU), and the subsequent inclusion of polysaccharide chains to form semi‐IPN systems with improved properties. The choice of polysaccharides for this purpose is related to their ability to modulate the biocompatibility and the antibacterial capacity in various biomedical strategies. The work contemplates to study the effect of the chemical structure of polysaccharide (hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) or starch (Alm)) on the properties of these novel hydrogels. The results indicate that the semi‐IPN hydrogels that include Alm exhibit the formation of stronger intermolecular interactions promoted by hydrogen bonds than HEC and HPMC, significantly improving the mechanical properties and their degradation rate in acidic, alkaline, and proteolytic media; also showing high capacity to inhibit the growth of E. colli. The semi‐IPN hydrogels based on HEC and HPMC exhibit excellent improvement in both thermal and proteolytic degradation, compared with the collagen‐PU matrix. On the other hand, this semi‐IPN system does not present cytotoxic character for monocytes and fibroblasts growing for up to 48 h of culture. Therefore, these innovative 3D matrices will be excellent candidates with potential application in biomedical strategies such as wound healing dressings.
Self‐healable and reprocessible liquid crystalline elastomer and its highly thermal conductive composites by incorporating graphene via in‐situ polymerization
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Guokang , Wu Kun , Shi Jun , Liang Liyan , Lu Mangeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe booming of modern electronic devices featuring increasing power and multi‐functionalization demands novel high thermal conductive materials with various functions, such as self‐healing property and high deformability, while traditional polymer‐based or metallic‐based materials could hardly provide. Therefore, we report a high thermal conductive and disulfide‐based self‐healable and reprocessible liquid crystalline elastomer (SHLCE) composite by incorporating graphene nanoplates (GNPs) fillers. The obtained GNPs/SHLCE composites exhibited desired thermal conductivity (5.08 Wm−1K−1) when the content of GNPs was 20 wt% to the composites. Moreover, the GNPs/SHLCE composites showed intriguing recycled performance (Tensile strength after recycle could maintain over 93% compared with that of original composites). Furthermore, we concluded that the improved thermal conductivity of GNPs/SHLCE composites was beneficial to the thermal induced reprocessible and shelf‐healable systems.
Molecular weight influence on shape memory effect of shape memory polymer blend (poly(caprolactone)/styrene‐butadiene‐styrene)
Authors: Ben Abdallah Abir , Gamaoun Fehmi , Kallel Achraf , Tcharkhtchi Abbas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe shape memory effect (SME) does not only concern the macroscopic structure. It concerns also the polymer structure at morphological, macromolecular, and molecular scales. This effect may depend on different physicochemical properties like morphology heterogeneity, chain rigidity, steric hindrance, chain polarity, free volume, cross‐linking or entanglement density, molecular shape and weight, and so on. Hence, finding the relationship between the SME and these properties is very important. This can help to obtain the knowledge about the phenomenon origin and mechanism. One of the basic polymer properties, which can have direct SME, may be the molecular weight (Mw). The question here is: If the Mw of a shape memory polymer (SMP) changes, for different reasons like degradation, what will be the effect of this change on its SME. In order to answer to this question, the investigation is focused on an SMP blend of 40% poly(ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL) and 60% styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SBS). Then, enzymatic hydrolysis is performed on this blend to change its Mw. It is shown that this change is only related to the variation in the Mw of PCL. After that, different samples with a distinct average Mw are prepared and characterized by various experimental methods. Shape memory tests are performed on these blends, and the recovery rate (Rr) for each of them is determined. It is found that when Mw of PCL decreases, its degree of crystallinity, its glass transition, and its melting temperatures, corresponding to the PCL phase, increase. However, the elongation at break of the blend declines with the reduction in Mw. The tests show that the alteration in the blend's Mw influences its SME. Indeed, Rr of the (PCL/SBS) mixture drops with the decrease in Mw of PCL.