bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verifying participant reported clinical outcomes: challenges and implications
Authors: Breeman Suzanne , Constable Lynda , Duncan Anne , Starr Kath , McDonald Alison , Wileman Samantha , Cotton Seonaidh 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Researchers often rely on trial participants to self-report clinical outcomes (for example fracture, re-operation). Little information exists as to the “accuracy” of participant reported clinical outcomes, particularly in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). To help address this evidence gap, we report four case-studies, nested within different RCTs where participant reported clinical outcome data were compared with that reported by clinicians or extracted from medical notes. Methods Four publicly-funded RCTs with different methods of verifying participant reported outcomes were identified: KAT: Participants were asked about hospital admissions for any reason. Where it was thought to be relevant to the trial knee, further information was sought from the lead surgeon at the admitting site to confirm whether or not the admission was relevant to the trial knee. REFLUX: Participants were asked about hospital admissions for any reason. For participants who reported a re-operation, further information was sought from the lead surgeon at the admitting site to confirm this. RECORD: Participants were asked three questions regarding broken bones. Where they were thought to be low-trauma fractures, clinical verification was sought, initially from the research nurse at site. CATHETER: Participants were asked about urinary tract infections (UTIs) and a prescription of antibiotics for treatment of UTIs following urethral catheterisation. The GPs of those who reported a UTI were contacted to confirm that an antibiotic prescription had been issued for the suspected UTI. Results KAT: 397 of 6882 (6%) participant reported hospital admissions were confirmed as relevant to the trial knee. REFLUX: 16 of 19 participants (84%) who appeared to have had a re-operation were confirmed as having had one. RECORD: 473 of 781 (61%) fractures reported by participants were confirmed as low-trauma fractures. CATHETER: 429 of 830 participant reported UTIs (52%) were confirmed as such by the GPs. Conclusions We used different approaches to the verification of participant reported outcomes in clinical trials, and it is our opinion that there is no one optimal solution. Consideration of issues such as what information is sought from participants, the phrasing of questions, whether the medical records are a true “gold standard” and costs and benefits to the RCT may help determine the appropriate approach.
Randomized Controlled Trials for Comparison of Laparoscopic Versus Conventional Open Catheter Placement in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sun Mei-Lan , Author) Yong Zhang(Former Corresponding , Wang Bo , Ma Tean , Jiang Hong , Hu Shou Liang , Zhang Piao , Tuo Yan-Hong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aim: The application of laparoscopic catheterization technology in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients has recently increased. However, the advantages and disadvantages of laparoscopic versus conventional open PD catheter placement are still controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the complications of catheterization in PD patients and to provide a reference for choosing a PD-catheter placement technique in the clinic.Methods: We searched numerous databases, including Embase, PubMed, CNKI and the Cochrane Library, for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Results: Eight relevant studies (n=646) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed a lower incidence of catheter migration (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.90, P: 0.03) and catheter removal (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.79, P: 0.008) but a higher incidence of bleeding (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.18 to 8.97, P: 0.02) with a laparoscopic approach than with a conventional approach. There was no significant difference in the incidence of omentum adhesion (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.05 to 2.10, P: 0.24), hernia (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.09 to 1.68, P: 0.20), leakage (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.38 to 1.26, P: 0.23), intestinal obstruction (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.48 to 1.91, P: 0.90) or perforation (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.06 to 15.42, P: 0.97). The statistical analysis showed no significant difference in early (OR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.15 to 1.33, P: 0.15) , late (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.41 to 1.90, P: 0.76) or total (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.42 to 1.12, P: 0.13) peritonitis infections between the 2 groups, and there are no no significant difference in early ( OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.06 to 2.36, P: 0.30), late ( OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.78 to 2.33, P: 0.16) or total ( OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.71 to 2.02, P: 0.17) tunnel or exit-site infections between the 2 groups.Conclusion: Laparoscopic catheterization and conventional open catheter placement in PD patients have unique advantages, but laparoscopic PD catheterization may be superior to conventional open catheter placement. However, this conclusion needs to be confirmed with further large-sample-size, multi-centre, high-quality RCTs.
Profiling of inflammatory mediators in the synovial fluid related to pain in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Li , Li Zhenxing , Li Yuyan , Hu Xi , Zhang Yu , Fan Pei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory mediators in the synovial fluid (SF) play critical roles in the initiation and development of pain in knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, data for inflammatory marker expression are conflicting, and the role of SF inflammatory mediators in neuropathic pain is not clear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify SF inflammatory mediators associated with nociceptive and neuropathic pain in KOA. Methods: Levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, MMP-3, MMP-13, metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5, calcitonin gene-related peptide, neuropeptide Y, substance P and bradykinin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 86 patients. Nociceptive pain was assessed using the numeric rating scale (NRS), visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain score. Neuropathic pain was determined using the PainDETECT questionnaire. Moreover, knee function was evaluated by the WOMAC score and range of motion (ROM) assessments. Radiological grade was defined using the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grading scale. Results: Pain scores measured using different methods correlated highly with each other. A worse K-L grade and knee function were associated with worse pain. Expression of IL-1β and IL-6 was increased in the early stage compared with the late stage. The NRS score correlated positively with age, K-L grade, and the WOMAC score and negatively with ROM and TNF-α expression. The VAS correlated positively with age, K-L grade, and the WOMAC score but negatively with ROM and levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. The WOMAC pain score did not correlate with any of the inflammatory mediators measured; it correlated only with ROM. The PainDETECT score correlated only with the WOMAC score. Expression of other inflammatory mediators did not correlate with any of the pain scores. Conclusions: IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α play critical roles in pain in the early stage of KOA and correlate with pain. The catabolic enzymes and neuropeptides measured do not correlate with nociceptive and neuropathic pain. New biomarkers related to pain in the late stage need to be further investigated.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers on prevention and control of intestinal parasitic infection among their preschool children in Sekota town, Waghimra zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Kassaw Mesfin Wudu , Abebe Ayele Mamo , Abate Biruk Beletew , Zemariam Alemu Birara , Kassie Ayelign Mengesha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the common communicable diseases across the world. Globally, more than 1.5 billion individuals infected with one or more parasitic agents. Of the victim individuals, 700 and 807 million people were infected by Hookworm and Ascariasis respectively. Intestinal parasites are prevalent in developing countries and to the most in sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence of helminthiases in Ethiopia range from 27.2% to 85.1%. Particularly, young children have a high infestation rate and they suffer from a substantial burden of Ascaris lumbricoides,Trichuris trichiura, and Schistosomiasis. Therefore, this study was intended to assess mother’s knowledge, attitude and practice on prevention and control of intestinal parasitic infection among their pre-school children in Sekota town, Ethiopia.Methods: A community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 378 mothers using simple random sampling method, and gave a response rate of 98.4%. The findings are presented in percentage, frequency and tables. In all of the data collection, data analysis, and write up phases, a standard operational procedure was followed. A bivariate covariate analysis were undertaken to assess the correlation of total knowledge, attitude, and practice scores. Results: The level of good maternal knowledge, positive maternal attitude, and good maternal practice in preventing and controlling intestinal parasitic infection on their preschool children was 45.2% (95% CI, 40.2, 50.5), 55.3% (95% CI, 50.8, 61.1), and 51.1 (95% CI, 46.0, 56.1) respectively. In assessing mothers knowledge, seventy seven (20.4%) of them reported that they knew Ascaris lumbricoides, and on the maternal practices in preventing IP infection, 62 (16.4%) mothers wash vegetables, and 252 (66.7%) mothers stated that their children had at least one history of stool examination. Conclusions: The overall level of good maternal knowledge, positive maternal attitude, and good maternal practice on prevention and control of intestinal parasites was low. Specifically, the level of knowledge was significantly low. Therefore, community awareness about intestinal parasitic infection prevention and control methods should be created.
Patient-reported quality indicators to evaluate physiotherapy care for hip and/or knee osteoarthritis- development and evaluation of the QUIPA tool.
Authors: Teo Pek Ling , Hinman Rana S , Egerton Thorlene , Dziedzic Krysia S , Kasza Jess , Bennell Kim L 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: There is no physiotherapy-specific quality indicator tool available to evaluate physiotherapy care for people with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to develop a patient-reported quality indicator tool (QUIPA) for physiotherapy management of hip and knee OA and to assess its reliability and validity.
Methods: To develop the QUIPA tool, quality indicators were initially developed based on clinical guideline recommendations most relevant to physiotherapy practice and those of an existing generic OA quality indicator tool. Draft items were then further refined using patient focus groups. Test-retest reliability, construct validity (hypothesis testing) and criterion validity were then evaluated. Sixty-five people with hip and/or knee OA attended a single physiotherapy consultation and completed the QUIPA tool one, twelve- and thirteen-weeks after. Physiotherapists (n=9) completed the tool post-consultation. Patient test-retest reliability was assessed between weeks twelve and thirteen. Construct validity was assessed with three predefined hypotheses and criterion validity was based on agreement between physiotherapists and participants at week one.
Results: A draft list of 23 clinical guideline recommendations most relevant to physiotherapy was developed. Following feedback from three patient focus groups, the final QUIPA tool contained 18 items (three subscales) expressed in lay language. The test-retest reliability estimates (Cohen’s Kappa) for single items ranged from 0.30-0.83 with observed agreement of 64-94%. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the Assessment and Management Planning subscale was 0.70 (0.54, 0.81), Core Recommended Treatments subscale was 0.84 (0.75, 0.90), Adjunctive Treatments subscale was 0.70 (0.39, 0.87) and for the total QUIPA score was 0.80 (0.69, 0.88). All predefined hypotheses regarding construct validity were confirmed. However, agreement between physiotherapists and participants for single items showed large measurement error (Cohen’s Kappa estimates ranged from -0.04-0.59) with the ICC (95% CI) for the total score being 0.11 (-0.14, 0.34).
Conclusions: The QUIPA tool showed acceptable test-retest reliability for subscales and total score but inadequate reliability for individual items. Construct validity was confirmed but criterion validity for individual items, subscales and the total score was inadequate. Further research is needed to refine the QUIPA tool to improve its clinimetric properties before implementation.
Recognition of stroke among community residents and the improvement after intensive health education: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Zhong Xuemin , Wang Jian , He Lanying , Xu Ronghua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate stroke recognition in a community population (including high-risk groups of stroke) in Jinjiang District of Chengdu and strengthen the publicity of the impact of stroke-related knowledge on community residents’ stroke recognition.
Methods: By conducting an epidemiological survey, nine communities in Jinjiang District were sampled, and a questionnaire on stroke-related knowledge was designed to investigate the community residents in Jinjiang District of Chengdu City. We carried out stroke health education activities with the theme of “understanding stroke” and evaluated the impact.
Results: There were 1685 valid questionnaires, and the awareness level of stroke risk among community residents in Jinjiang District of Chengdu was 11.4%. The proportion of people who recognized that there was a risk of stroke increased with the increase in the number of risk factors (P < 0.001). Participants with three or more risk factors were aware that the risk of stroke was only 40.3%. The recognition rate of stroke warning symptoms among community residents was 29.8–59.5%. Among them, the recognition rate of common stroke symptoms such as limb weakness, language disorder, and imbalance was more than 50%, and the cognitive proportion of rare symptoms including monocular or binocular blurred vision and severe headache with no known cause was only about 1%. When faced with five sudden stroke warning symptoms, the proportion of participants who chose to make an emergency call (120, in China) was about 41.5%. Nearly 10% of the respondents chose to consult a doctor, take medicine, or wait. After strengthening publicity and education, there was a significant improvement in the identification of stroke risk factors, stroke warning symptoms, and stroke management. The number of respondents who chose to dial 120 increased from 59.2% to 82.7%.
Conclusions: The recognition of stroke among community residents in Jinjiang District of Chengdu is low. Strengthening publicity and education on stroke-related knowledge and post-stroke treatment can significantly improve patients’ cognition of stroke-related knowledge and enhance community residents’ awareness of giving priority to dialing 120 after the onset of stroke symptoms.
Key words: stroke, community residents, warning symptoms, intensive education
lncRNA NEAT1 Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition of Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating MiR-129-5p/PBX3 Axis
Authors: Ji Hanshu , Zhang Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose: lncRNA NEAT1 has been reported as a tumor-promoting gene in a variety of tumors, but few studies have explored its role and mechanism in gastric cancer. In the face of increasing incidence of gastric cancer, how to improve the diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effect of gastric cancer is a major clinical problem. Therefore, we studied the effect and mechanism of lncRNA NEAT1 on the proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells. To inquiry into the effect of lncRNA NEAT1 on the proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric cancer (GC) cells by regulating miR-129-5p/PBX3 axis. Methods: Totally 63 GC diagnosed and treated in our hospital were selected as the study subjects, whose paired GC tissues and pericarcinomatous tissues were collected as the study specimens after obtaining their consent. QRT-PCR was employed to detect the NEAT1 expression in tissues and cells to analyze the relationship between NEAT1 and clinicopathological data of GC patients. In addition, stable and transient overexpression and inhibition vectors were established and transfected into GC cells HCG-27 and MKN-45. CCK-8, traswell, and flow cytometry were employed to evaluate the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of transfected cells. The correlation of miR-129-5p between PBX3 and NEAT1 was assessed using dual luciferase reporter assay, while that between NEAT1 and miR-129-5p was assessed by RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) . Western blot was applied for the detection of apoptosis and EMT related proteins.Results: NEAT1 was overexpressed in GC patients and had a high diagnostic value. The expression of NEAT1 was related to the pathological stage, differentiation degree, tumor size and lymph node metastasis of patients with GC. Down-regulated NEAT1 brought decreased cell proliferation, invasion and EMT, and increased apoptosis. According to dual luciferase reporter assay, NEAT1 could target miR-129-5p, while in turn miR-129-5p could target PBX3. Functional analysis exhibited that miR-129-5p overexpression inhibited PBX3 in GC cells, affecting cell proliferation, invasion, EMT and apoptosis, and rescue experiments demonstrated that these effects were eliminated by up-regulating NEAT1 expression.Conclusion: Inhibition of NEAT1 could mediate miR-129-5p/PBX3 axis to promote apoptosis of GC cells, and reduce cell proliferation, invasion and EMT.
Still careless: Findings from a cross-sectional study of young pedestrians’ risky road crossing behaviors
Authors: Hashemiparast Mina , Sharma Manoj , Jafarabadi Mohammad Asghari , Hosseini Zahra 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Pedestrian-vehicle collision is one of the most common traffic injuries worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of pedestrians' road crossing beliefs and behaviors in potentially risky situations using the Theory of Planned Behavior among Iranian young adults. Methods This was a population-based study on a sample of 562 young adults aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran, Iran. The data were collected using a self-administered validated questionnaire comprising of two potentially risky road crossing behaviors scenarios followed by additional items assessing perceived risk and severity. Results From all the respondents, 17.8% reported that they had previous experience of vehicle-collision while the remaining 82.2% did not. The results indicated that those with previous experience reported fewer safety behaviors than those who did not experience an accident. There were significant differences between participants with and without a history of vehicle-collision for perceived risk (mean difference, adjusted multivariate P-value: -5.77, 0.027) and perceived severity (-6.08, 0.003), attitude toward traffic regulations (-6.34, 0.006), attitude toward behavior (-7.56, 0.005), perceived behavioral control (-5.20, 0.018), behavioral intention (-5.35, 0.046) and road crossing behavior in potentially risky situations (-5.37, 0.004). Conclusions Previous unpleasant experience of vehicle-collision is not the only determinant of self-protective behaviors in the road- crossing and it is important to focus on the effect of attitudinal and motivational factors such as attitudes towards risk, feelings of invulnerability and perception of vehicle- collision severity as well. Future safety education interventions should keep these aspects in their design.
Development and validation of a RAD-Seq target-capture based genotyping assay for routine application in advanced black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) breeding programs
Authors: Guppy Jarrod Lee , Jones David B. , Kjeldsen Shannon R. , Port Agnes Le , Khatkar Mehar S. , Wade Nicholas M. , Sellars Melony J. , Steinig Eike J. , Raadsma Herman W. , Jerry Dean R. , Zenger Kyall R. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The development of genome-wide genotyping resources has provided terrestrial livestock and crop industries with the unique ability to accurately assess genomic relationships between individuals, uncover the genetic architecture of commercial traits, as well as identify superior individuals for selection based on their specific genetic profile. Utilising recent advancements in de-novo genome-wide genotyping technologies, it is now possible to provide aquaculture industries with these same important genotyping resources, even in the absence of existing genome assemblies. Here, we present the development of a genome-wide SNP assay for the Black Tiger shrimp ( Penaeus monodon ) through utilisation of a reduced-representation whole-genome genotyping approach (DArTseq). Results Based on a single reduced-representation library, 31,262 polymorphic SNPs were identified across 660 individuals obtained from Australian wild stocks and commercial aquaculture populations. After filtering to remove SNPs with low read depth, low MAF, low call rate, deviation from HWE, and non-Mendelian inheritance, 7,542 high-quality SNPs were retained. From these, 4,236 high-quality genome-wide loci were selected for bates-probe development and 4,194 SNPs were included within a finalized target-capture genotype-by-sequence assay (DArTcap). This assay was designed for routine and cost effective commercial application in large scale breeding programs, and demonstrates higher confidence in genotype calls through increased call rate (from 80.2 ± 14.7 to 93.0% ± 3.5%), increased read depth (from 20.4 ± 15.6 to 80.0 ± 88.7), as well as a 3-fold reduction in cost over traditional genotype-by-sequencing approaches. Conclusion Importantly, this assay equips the P. monodon industry with the ability to simultaneously assign parentage of communally reared animals, undertake genomic relationship analysis, manage mate pairings between cryptic family lines, as well as undertake advance studies of genome and trait architecture. Critically this assay can be cost effectively applied as P. monodon breeding programs transition to undertake genomic selection at less than $15 AUD per sample.