bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy of a mobile phone application to improve adherence to treatment and self-management in people with chronic respiratory disease in Romanian population – a pilot study
Authors: Munteanu Laura Adela , Frandes Mirela , Timar Bogdan , Tudorache Emanuela , Fildan Ariadna Petronela , Oancea Cristian , Tofolean Doina Ecaterina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Many studies assessed the effect of mobile phone applications on self-management outcomes in patients with asthma but all of them presented different results. In this paper we examined the effect of a mobile phone application on self-management and disease control in Romanian population.Material and methods This study included 93 patients diagnosed with asthma that were recalled every three months for a year for assessment and treatment. Patients were divided into two groups. The first group included patients that received treatment and the second group received treatment and also used the smartphone application. Number of exacerbations and asthma control test (ACT) were recorded.Results ACT score was significantly higher for patients using also the mobile application than for the patients using the treatment alone, Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.001. When considering the exacerbations rate, the patients not using the application presented an insignificant lower number of exacerbations than the group using the application, 40.74% vs. 58.97%, respectively, chi-square test, X 2 (1) = 3.105, p = 0.081. The number of exacerbations without hospitalization was significantly higher in case of the first group, when comparing to the second group, 46.3% vs 10.26%, X 2 (1) = 13.71, p < 0.001.Conclusion Our study indicates that smartphone applications are an effective way to improve asthma control and self-management when used continually in our population. We found significant positive effects in disease control and exacerbation frequency.
Sexual and Gender Minority Health Curricula in Health Care Professional Schools
Authors: Pratt-Chapman Mandi L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex people—inclusively termed “sexual and gender minorities”—have unique health and health care needs that are not being met by most healthcare providers due to lack of training in health care professional schools. The purpose of this study was to examine implementation factors for advancing sexual and gender minority health professional student curricula in academic settings. Methods: Semi-structured interviews, structured by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, were conducted with sixteen curricular champions to identify factors relevant to curricular adoption, integration, and sustainment. Themes were coded using a hybrid of deductive and inductive approaches. Results: Facilitators supporting implementation of sexual and gender minority health curricula included collaboration among multiple stakeholders, alignment of formal and hidden curricula, fostering an organizational culture that valued inclusion and diversity, engagement with external subject matter experts or faculty with content expertise, and thoughtful and inclusive planning. Conclusion: This study contributes to health care professional education research as well as to implementation science. Facilitators that were identified in this study can be used to increase the adoption, integration, and sustainment of sexual and gender minority health curricula in diverse academic settings.
An interprofessional education conference approach to antimicrobial education: a mixed methods evaluation
Authors: Guilding Clare , Hardisty Jessica , Randles Elsa , Statham Louise , Green Alan , Bhudia Roshni , Thandi Charan Singh , Teodorczuk Andrew , Scott Lesley , Matthan Joanna 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Arguably, Medical School curricula are deficient in learning opportunities related to the safe and effective use of medicines, in particular antimicrobials. Infection management is complex and multidisciplinary, and undergraduate learning opportunities should therefore reflect these principles. Aligned to the complexity of the subject matter, simulation and interprofessional based teaching are methods that can foster the collaborative skills required of future healthcare professionals. There have been calls to develop these methods in the teaching of safe prescribing and the management of infections; however, reports of such studies are limited. Methods: We developed an interprofessional education (IPE) conference for second year undergraduate medical and pharmacy students based in the North East of England. We considered contact theory in the design of three small-group interprofessional workshops, on the broad themes of antimicrobial stewardship, infection management and patient safety. A mixed methods approach assessed students’ attitudes towards IPE, barriers and facilitators of learning, and perceived learning gains. Qualitative data from workshop evaluation forms were analysed thematically, while quantitative data were analysed descriptively and differences between medical and pharmacy cohorts analysed using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. Results:226/352 students returned the workshop evaluation forms (66% of pharmacy students, 62% of medical students). 281/352 students responded to a series of Likert scale questions on the value of interprofessional working (88% of pharmacy students, 70% of medical students). Students reported acquisition of knowledge and skills, including concepts and procedures related to infection management and antimicrobial prescribing, and the development of problem-solving and critical evaluation skills. Students reflected on their attitude towards interprofessional collaboration. They reported a greater understanding of the roles of other healthcare professionals, reflected on the importance of effective communication in ensuring patient safety, and were more confident to work in interprofessional teams after the conference. Conclusions: A robust IPE event, theoretically underpinned by contact theory and developed collaboratively, achieved interprofessional learning at scale and helped develop healthcare professionals willing to collaborate across disciplines. The resources, and evaluation insights based on the 3P (presage, process, and product) model of learning and teaching, will be of value to other educators who seek to develop theoretically-sound IPE interventions.
Egyptians Social Acceptance and Consenting Options for Posthumous Organ Donation. A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Metwally Ammal Mokhtar , Abdel-Latif Ghada A. , Eletreby Lobna , Aboulghate Ahmed , Mohsen Amira , Amer Hala A , Saleh Rehan M. , Elmosalami Dalia , Salama Hend I. , Hady Safaa I. Abd El , Alam Raefa R. , Mohamed Hanan A. , Badran Hanan M. , Eltokhy Hanan E. , Elhariri Hazem , Rabah Thanaa , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Ibrahim Nihad A , Chami Nada 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Organ donation has become one of the most effective ways in developing and developed countries to save lives and improve the quality of life for patients with end-stage organ failure. No previous studies investigated either the Egyptians’ perception or preferences about different consenting options for organ donation. This study aims to assess Egyptian personal preferences and public perception of norm on several consenting options for posthumous organ donation, and measure the awareness and acceptance of the public to Egyptian law articles regulating organ donation. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted along two years among 2743 participants. Participants were chosen from governmental and non-governmental facilities as well as from the general public. Each participant was required to complete the study questionnaire which included demographic characteristics, personal preferences and public norms of eleven consenting options arranged from 1 (most preferred) to 11 (least preferred), and awareness and acceptance of the seven articles of Egyptian laws concerning organ donation. Results: About 78% of the respondents expressed willingness to donate their organs after death while 22% were not willing to donate. Out of donation preferences, informed consent by donor only was a preferable choice, where about one third of respondents assigned to this option the highest ranking scores (31% as a personal preference and 31.6 % for the public norm). There was no difference between males and females or between personal preferences and perception of norms in consenting systems ranking. The awareness for the targeted Egyptian laws regarding organ donation after death was relatively low ranging from 56% to 23%. Conclusion: Informed consent by donor only was the preferable choice as personal preference and as norm. The choice of consenting options did not vary with gender, education or employment. Increasing the awareness of Egyptians on the articles of the law of organ donation is highly needed.
How do 66 European Institutional Review Boards approve one protocol for an International Prospective Observational study on traumatic brain injury? Experiences from the CENTER-TBI study.
Authors: Timmers Marjolein , Dijck Jeroen Van , Wijk Roel van , Legrand Valerie , Veen Ernest van , Maas Andrew , Menon David , Citerio Guiseppe , Stocchetti Nino , Kompanje Erwin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The European Union (EU) aims to optimize patient protection and efficiency of health-care research by harmonizing procedures across Member States. Nonetheless, further improvements are required to increase multicenter research efficiency. We investigated IRB procedures in a large prospective European multicenter study on traumatic brain injury (TBI), aiming to inform and stimulate initiatives to improve efficiency.Methods We reviewed relevant documents regarding IRB submission and IRB approval from European neurotrauma centers participating in the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI). Documents included detailed information on IRB procedures and the duration from IRB submission until approval(s). They were translated and analyzed to determine the level of harmonization in the IRB procedures within Europe.Results From 18 countries, 66 centers provided the requested documents. The primary IRB review was conducted centrally (N=11, 61%) or locally (N=7, 39%) and primary IRB approval was obtained after one (N=8, 44%), two (N=6, 33%) or three (N=4, 23%) review rounds with a median duration of respectively 50 and 98 days until primary IRB approval. Additional central IRB approval was required in 55% of countries and increased duration to 535 days. Total duration from submission until required IRB approval was obtained was 114 days (IQR 75-224) and appeared to be shorter after submission to local IRBs compared to central IRBs (50 vs. 138 days, p=0.0074).Conclusion We found variation in IRB procedures between and within European countries. There were differences in submission and approval requirements, number of review rounds and total duration. Research collaborations could benefit from the implementation of more uniform legislation and regulation while acknowledging local cultural and ethical arrangements between countries.
Are healthcare professionals sufficiently aware of medical ethics? Fields research in southeast Turkey
Authors: BAKIR ELIF PINAR , BAKIR SEYHMUS , SONKAYA EZGI , UNAL SAMICAN 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of healthcare personnel in the Dentistry Faculty of Dicle University about “the legal responsibilities of dental practitioners” and “patient rights”. Methods: The study included 150 volunteers who were healthcare workers in the Faculty of Dentistry , Dicle University between June and July 2019. The subjects were randomly selected from 5 different Professional groups and data were collecte dusing a single data collection form. All items on the form were grade dusing a 5-point Likert –type response. In the statistical analyses, Pearson’ s Chi-square, Yates Chi-square and the Fisher Exact tests were used. Results:The questionnaire responses showed that 61.3% of the study participants had received training on patient rights and 56.7% had information about the legal responsibilities of dentists. The rate of dentists who had received training was below average and 38.9% of the dentists reported not having any information about their own legal responsibilities. A positive response was given to the items on the questionnaire by 58% and a negative responseby 33%. The responses to some items were seen to have been affected by variables such as age, gender and professional group. Conclusion: Although some confusion was experienced by the healthcare personel about patient rights and the legal responsibilities of dentists, the levels of awareness were evaluated as satisfactory.
Promoting traditional foods for human and environmental health: lessons from agroecology and Indigenous communities in Ecuador
Authors: Deaconu Ana Laura , Mercille Geneviève , Batal Malek 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The displacement of traditional dietary practices is associated with negative nutritional consequences for rural Indigenous people, who already face the brunt of both nutritional inadequacies and excesses. Traditional food (TF) consumption and production practices can improve nutritional security by mitigating disruptive dietary transitions, providing nutrients and improving agricultural resilience. Meanwhile, traditional agricultural practices regenerate biodiversity to support healthy ecosystems. In Ecuador, Indigenous people have inserted TF agricultural and dietary practices as central elements of the country’s agroecological farming movement. This study assesses factors that may promote TF practices in rural populations and explores the role of agroecology in strengthening such factors. Methods: Mixed methods include a cross-sectional comparative survey of dietary, food acquisition, production and socioeconomic characteristics of agroecological farmers (n=61) and neighboring reference farmers (n=30) in Ecuador’s Imbabura province. Instruments include 24-hour dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire of indicator traditional foods. We triangulate results using eight focus group discussions with farmers’ associations. Results: Compared to their neighbors, agroecological farmers produce and consume more TFs, and particularly underutilized TFs. Farm production diversity, reliance on non-market foods and agroecology participation act on a pathway in which TF production diversity predicts higher TF consumption diversity and ultimately TF consumption frequency. Age, income, market distance and education are not consistently associated with TF practices. Focus group discussions corroborate survey results and also identify affective (e.g. emotional) and commercial relationships in agroecological spaces as drivers of stronger TF practices. Conclusions: Traditional food practices in the Ecuadorian highlands are not relics of old, poor and isolated populations but rather an established part of life for diverse rural people. However, many TFs are underutilized. Sustainable agriculture initiatives may improve TF practices by integrating TFs into production diversity increases and into consumption of own production. Agroecology may be particularly effective because it is a self-expanding global movement that not only strengthens productive pathways toward TF promotion, but also intensifies affective sentiments toward TFs and inserts them in commercial spaces. Understanding how to promote TFs is necessary in order to scale up their potential to strengthen nutritional health.
Application of Freire’s Adult Education Model for Modifying the Psychological Constructs of Health Belief Model in Self-medication Behaviors of Elderly: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bakhtiar Katayon , Ardalan Arash , Araban Marzieh , Ebrahimzadeh Farzad , Almasian Mohammad , bastami Fatemeh 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : As people age, they are more likely to engage in self-medication and suffer from its adverse effects. The present study aimed to modifying knowledge, psychological constructs of Health Belief Model (HBM), and self-medication behaviors using Freire’s Adult Education Model (FAEM) among elderlies in Khorramabad, Iran, from 2017 to 2018. Methods: This research was of a prospective randomized controlled trial conducted on 132 elderly individuals older than 60 who were referred from health care centers. The participants were selected using multistage sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The data collection instruments included a questionnaire which was designed based on both HBM and the self-medication behaviors questionnaires. The phases of the adult education approach were used to modify the psychological constructs of HBM and self-medication behaviors. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 with a significance level of 0.05. Descriptive statistical tests, the chi-squared test, paired t-test, independent t-test, and univariate modeling were employed for this purpose. Results : The mean age of the elderly was 66.28 ± 7.18 years. There was no significant difference between groups in terms of self-medicating. Unawareness of the effects of medicines were the most important causes of self-medication (p=0.50). The two groups were not significantly different in terms of knowledge, HBM constructs, and self-medication behaviors (p>0.05). However, they came up to be considerably different for the above variables after the intervention was completed (p<0.05). When the findings were adjusted for the effects of confounding variables, there were significant differences between almost all constructs of HBM and their behaviors ( p < 0.05). However, the perceived barrier modality of HBM did not reach to a significant level of difference between two groups. Conclusion: The educational intervention, which was based on FAEM, had positive effects on the constructs of HBM and consequently on self-medication behaviors. The psychological constructs of HBM were affected at the phases of listening to the problem and reflecting on it. Self-medication was tempered at the action-reflection phase with shared creation and evaluation of the action plan geared towards the achievement of the behavioral objectives.
Weigh﻿t Development Between Age 5 And 10 Years And Its Associations With Dietary Patterns At Age 5 In The Abcd Cohort
Authors: Rashid Viyan , Streppel Martinette T , Engberink Marielle F. , Weijs Peter J.M. , Nicolaou Mary , Verhoeff Arnoud P. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Social inequalities in bodyweight start early in life and track into adulthood. Dietary patterns are an important determinant of weight development in children, towards both overweight and underweight. Therefore, we aimed to examine weight development between age 5 and 10 years by ethnicity, SES and thereafter by BMI category at age 5, to explore its association with dietary patterns at age 5.Methods Participants were 1 765 children from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) cohort that had valid data on BMI at age 5 and 10 and diet at age 5. Linear mixed model analysis was used to examine weight development between age 5 and 10 years and to assess if four previously identified dietary patterns at age 5 (snacking, full-fat, meat and healthy) were associated with weight development. Analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders, stratified by ethnicity and SES and thereafter stratified per BMI category at age 5.Results Overall, weight development decreased in Dutch and high SES children and increased in non-Dutch and low/middle SES children. Across the range of BMI categories at age 5, we observed a conversion to normal weight; despite Dutch and high SES children were more often underweight or normal weight at both ages, and less often overweight/obese compared to non-Dutch and low/middle SES children. Overall, the observed associations between weight development and dietary patterns were mixed with some unexpected findings: a healthy dietary pattern was associated with increased weight development in most groups, regardless of ethnicity and SES (e.g. Dutch B 0.084, 95% CI 0.038;0.130 and high SES B 0.096, 95% CI 0.047;0.143) whereas the full-fat pattern was associated with decreased weight development (e.g. Dutch B -0.069, 95% CI -0.114;-0.024 and high SES B -0.072, 95% CI -0.119;-0.026).Conclusions We observed differential weight development per ethnic and SES group. Our results indicate that each ethnic and SES group follows its own path of weight development. Associations between dietary patterns and weight development showed some unexpected findings; we suggest to do follow-up research to the possible association between dietary patterns and weight development.
Understanding the early cold response mechanism in IR64 indica rice variety through comparative transcriptome analysis
Authors: Dasgupta Pratiti , Das Abhishek , Tripathy Sucheta , Chaudhuri Shubho 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Cellular reprogramming in response to environmental stress involves alteration of gene expression, changes in the protein and metabolite profile for ensuring better stress management in plants. Similar to other plant species originating in tropical and sub-tropical areas, indica rice is highly sensitive to low temperature that adversely affects its growth and grain productivity. Substantial work has been done to understand cold induced changes in gene expression in rice plants. However, adequate information is not available for early gene expression, especially in indica variety. Therefore, a transcriptome profile was generated for cold shock treated seedlings of IR64 variety to identify early responsive genes.Results: The functional annotation of early DEGs shows enrichment of genes involved in altered membrane rigidity and electrolytic leakage, the onset of calcium signaling, ROS generation and activation of stress responsive transcription factors in IR64. Gene regulatory network suggests that cold shock induces Ca2+ signaling to activate DREB/CBF pathway and other groups of transcription factors such as MYB, NAC and ZFP; for activating various cold-responsive genes. The analysis also indicates that cold induced signaling proteins like RLKs, RLCKs, CDPKs and MAPKK and ROS signaling proteins. Further, several LEA, dehydrins and Low temperature-induced were upregulated under early cold shock condition, indicating the onset of water-deficit conditions. Expression profiling in different high yielding cultivars shows high expression of cold-responsive genes in two indica varieties, Heera and GB1. The result suggests that these varieties may have improved adaptability to cold stress.Conclusions: The results of this study provide insights about early responsive events in Oryza sativa L.ssp. indica cv IR64 in response to cold stress. Our data shows the onset of cold response is associated with upregulation of stress responsive TFs, hydrophilic proteins and signaling molecules, whereas, the genes coding for cellular biosynthetic enzymes, cell cycle control and growth-related TFs are downregulated. This study reports that the generation of ROS is integral to the early response to trigger the ROS mediated signaling events during later stages.