bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of (4-methyl-benzoato-κ
2
O,O′)-(5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-κ
4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′)nickel(II) perchlorate monohydrate, C24H45ClN4NiO7
Authors: Chen Xiao-Ming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
C24H45ClN4NiO7, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.4947(11) Å, b = 14.3956(13) Å, c = 19.7182(18) Å, β = 93.212(6)°, V = 2974.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0426, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1389, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium (4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)carbothioylsulfanide, [C10H15N2][C11H13N2S2]
Authors: Lo Kong Mun , Lee See Mun , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
[C21H28N4S2], monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 16.1880(2) Å, b = 6.8168(1) Å, c = 19.7605(2) Å, β = 106.412(1)°, V = 2091.73(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0281, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0740, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of chlorido-(4-chloro-6-(p-tolyl)pyrimidine-κ2
C,N)-(triphenylphosphane-κP)palladium(II), C29H23Cl2N2PPd
Authors: Xu Chen , Lou Xin-Hua 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
C29H23Cl2N2PPd, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.4028(16) Å, b = 30.928(5) Å, c = 9.3071(16) Å, β = 103.222(2)°, V = 2634.8(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0423, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1047, T = 296(2) K.
Bayesian Design of Agricultural Disease Transmission Experiments for Individual Level Models
Authors: Kwong Grace P. S. , Deardon Rob , Hunt Scott , Guerin Michele T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHere, we address the issue of experimental design for animal and crop disease transmission experiments, where the goal is to identify some characteristic of the underlying infectious disease system via a mechanistic disease transmission model. Design for such non-linear models is complicated by the fact that the optimal design depends upon the parameters of the model, so the problem is set in simulation-based, Bayesian framework using informative priors. This involves simulating the experiment over a given design repeatedly using parameter values drawn from the prior, calculating a Monte Carlo estimate of the utility function from those simulations for the given design, and then repeating this over the design space in order to find an optimal design or set of designs.Here we consider two agricultural scenarios. The first involves an experiment to characterize the effectiveness of a vaccine-based treatment on an animal disease in an in-barn setting. The design question of interest is on which days to make observations if we are limited to being able to observe the disease status of all animals on only two days. The second envisages a trial being carried out to estimate the spatio-temporal transmission dynamics of a crop disease. The design question considered here is how far apart to space the plants from each other to best capture those dynamics. In the in-barn animal experiment, we see that for the prior scenarios considered, observations taken very close to the beginning of the experiment tend to lead to designs with the highest values of our chosen utility functions. In the crop trial, we see that over the prior scenarios considered, spacing between plants is important for experimental performance, with plants being placed too close together being particularly deleterious to that performance.
Investigation on the Jet Stiffness Characteristics of a Novel Plasma Igniter
Authors: Wang Sibo , Yu Jinlu , Ye Jingfeng , Li Guohua , Huang Danqing , Yang Benxin , Wei Qiangqiang , He Liming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Plasma ignition technology is the research frontier in the field of energy and power. In this paper, a novel type of plasma jet igniter called pre-combustion plasma jet igniter is designed and the experimental results show that it has great potential in strengthening jet stiffness, improving ignition energy, decreasing ignition energy consumption and reducing igniter ablation. The value S called jet stiffness is defined for the first time to reflect the stiffness characteristics of the plasma jet. And the effects of jet gas flow rate, fuel-air ratio and input current on the jet stiffness are investigated experimentally. The experimental results show that the stiffness of the pre-combustion plasma jet is significantly stronger than that of the air plasma jet. When the total jet gas flow rate is increased from 16 L/min to 40 L/min, the stiffness of the air plasma jet and the pre-combustion plasma jet are increased by 73.3 % and 27.2 % respectively. When the current value reaches 30 A, the jet stiffness is increased by about 70 % compared to the input current of 20 A.
Prisión preventiva e ingreso a los centros penitenciarios. Una asignatura aún por resolver en México
Authors: Salazar Quiñonez Ariadna 
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo conocer la efectividad de la reforma constitucional en materia de derechos humanos en México, cuyo eje central es la presunción de inocencia. La reforma es un mecanismo que permitiría el avance en la reducción de la población penitenciaria. Teniendo en consideración las anteriores modificaciones al modelo de justicia penal y la opción del país por el sistema acusatorio, la necesidad de apostar por el garantismo se convirtió en una decisión alentadora en un contexto nacional donde la vulneración de los derechos humanos y especialmente de los de las personas privadas de la libertad, sigue siendo un asunto aún por resolver. Así mismo, en el presente texto se aplicó la metodología del análisis de las cifras de personas privadas de la libertad de manera preventiva en los Estados de la República mexicana y en la Ciudad de México; el objetivo del análisis fue conocer, de manera certera, si se incrementó o no el número de personas en prisión como estaba previsto. Por lo tanto, se trae a discusión la necesaria consideración de la problemática de seguridad pública que se vive desde hace más de una década, la cual es un asunto que no termina de zanjarse y, aunque en algunas zonas se redujo, en otras se ha avivado. Es urgente que el Estado mexicano afronte la problemática carcelaria mediante salarios dignos, el tratamiento de las adicciones y la atención de la falta de oportunidades, entre muchas otras cuestiones.
Miniplate removal in operated cases of maxillofacial region in a dental institute in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Khandelwal Pulkit , Rai A Bhagavandas , Bulgannawar Bipin , Vakaria Nilay , Sejani Hemal , Hajira Neha 
Published: October 2019

Background. The long term management of miniplate fixation osteosynthesis remains debatable and controversial with few authors advocating routine removal of the miniplates after 3-6 months of placement, while others recommend retention of the miniplates unless their removal is clinically indicated.
Objective. The aim was to study the incidence, indications, time gap, role of metallic composition and site of removal of miniplates in operated cases of maxillofacial region over a two-year period.
Methods. Patients undergoing removal of miniplates over 2-year period were studied and evaluated regarding the number of miniplates removed, time gap present between fixation and removal of miniplates, indications for removal, metallic composition of miniplates removed, sites of removal and complications. Correlations between indications for miniplate removal based upon time gap, metallic composition, age group and number of miniplates present were determined using Chi-square test. Correlation between metallic composition of miniplate and time gap was also determined using Chi-square test.
Results. The miniplates were removed in 20 patients (16 males and 4 females). Most common indication for removal was infection (45%). Forty-five percent of the patients underwent miniplate removal within 1 year of placement. Thirty-four miniplates and 118 screws were removed. The correlation between indications for miniplate removal and time gap was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.04).
Conclusion. Most of the hardware removal is performed subsequent to complications associated with hardware and local factors play more important role than metallic composition. Routine asymptomatic miniplates do not require removal and is not recommended.
Nematocidial activity of aqueous solutions of plants of the families Cupressaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Cannabaceae and Apiaceae
Authors: Boyko O. O. , Brygadyrenko V. V. 
Published: October 2019

In natural ecosystems of animals, introduction of larvae of parasitic nematodes into the litter layer from excrement facilitates their migration and search of new host vertebrate animals. In such conditions they are constantly affected by biologically active substances of the abundant species of plants which grow in pastures. Currently, the influence of substances present in the above-ground part of plants on the vitality of larvae of helminths in the environment remains unstudied. In this article, we present the results of our research on the nematocidial activity in vitro in the aqueous solutions of 21 species of plants distributed in the territory of Steppe Ukraine: Sanguisorba officinalis L., Rosa canina L., Crataegus sanguinea Pall., Crataegus pentagyna Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd., Armeniaca vulgaris Lam., Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg., Iva xanthiifolia Nutt., Artemisia campestris L., Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh., Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., Cannabis sativa L., Humulus lupulus L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Vicia cracca L., Lotus ucrainicus Klok., Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) DC., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Eryngium planum L., Conium maculatum L., Juniperus communis L., Thuja occidentalis L. The level of vitality of nematode larvae of the Strongylida (Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1803)) and Rhabditida (Strongyloides papillosus (Wedl, 1856)) orders varied depending on the species of plant, and also five experimental concentrations in aqueous solutions tested in seven replications. The most notable nematocidial effect was exerted by Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg. – we observed death of larvae of third stage development L3 H. contortus and larvae of first-third stages L1–3 S. papillosus at 24 h exposure to 3% aqueous solution. Three percent aqueous solutions of S. officinalis and A. artemisiifolia displayed nematocidial properties only against S. papillosus: death of L1–3 S. papillosus was observed. Aqueous solutions of R. canina, A. vulgaris, A. minus, H. lupulus, V. cracca, L. ucrainicus, O. arenaria, E. planum, C. maculatum, J. communis, Th. occidentalis had lethal effect only on non-invasive larvae (larvae of the first and second stage L1–2) of S. papillosus. They displayed no nematocidial properties towards invasive larvae of H. contortus and S. papillosus. At exposure to aqueous solutions of the rest of the studied species of plants, over 50% of L3 H. contortus and L1–3 S. papillosus larvae remained alive. The determined patterns allow us to state that while living in the litter and soil in the root zone of plants nematode larvae undergoa negative influence caused by some plant species.
Morphological variability of Bembidion minimum (Coleoptera, Carabidae) populations under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors
Authors: Komlyk V. O. , Brygadyrenko V. V. 
Published: October 2019

Morphological variability is the result of interaction between genetic diversity of the population and environmental selection. Despite the large number of studies of morphological variability of ground beetles, there is very little research dedicated to influence of environmental factors on it. This article discusses the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the variability of Bembidion minimum (Fabricius, 1792). B. minimum is a West Palearctic species which is distributed in North Africa, Europe, Western Asia. It is a macropterous species that lives in humid biotopes along the shores of seas, rivers and standing water bodies. 410 specimens were collected from 12 ecosystems differing by plant cover, degree of litter development, mechanical composition of the soil, mineralization and acidity of soil solution, type and intensity of anthropogenic impact. 13 linear characteristics, one angular characteristic, density of elytra puncturing and contrast of spots on the beetles’ elytra were measured. Additionally 6 morphometric indices were calculated. More than a third of the variability of imagoes in the studied populations was found to be determined by the general body size. Sexual dimorphism was observed on all linear parameters and most morphometric indices. Females do not differ from males in the back angles of the prothorax. Natural and anthropogenic factors to a greater or lesser degree were shown to affect the morphological variability of B. minimum: soil acidity and mineralization have the greatest impact. The soil acidity causes significant variability of most linear parameters; mineralization – body length, head length, prothorax length and width, elytra width. Plant cover and mechanical composition of the soil have a slight impact on imago morphology. The type and structure of vegetation significantly affect head width, prothorax length and width, and the mechanical composition of the soil – body length and head length. Degree of litter development does not cause significant changes in the linear dimensions of beetles. With thickening of the litter the posterior spots on the elytra become brighter, they have sharper contours, and density of elytra puncturing also changes. The mean value of the back angles is affected by the herb layer of meadow vegetation, soil mineralization and acidity. The variability of morphometric indexes under the influence of natural factors was found to be lower than variability of linear characteristics. The recreational load and cattle grazing cause similar changes in linear measurements and morphometric indexes of B. minimum. With escalation of these factors, the body length, length and width of elytra of both females and males decrease. Assessing the natural morphological variability of populations in ecosystems whose environmental factors are within extreme and sub-extreme values for a given population is a promising direction of research in modern ecology.
Pharmacokinetics of ligustroflavone in rats and tissue distribution in mice by UPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Zhou Quan , Zhang Zhiguang , Geng Peiwu , Huang Bingge , Wang Xianqin , Yu Xiaomin 
Published: October 2019

An ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for quantification of ligustroflavone, which was then applied in pharmacokinetics study in rat and tissue distribution in mouse. Twelve male Sprague Dawley rats were used for pharmacokinetics after intravenous (2 or 8 mg/kg) administration of ligustroflavone, six rats for each dose. Twenty-five mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (5 mice for each group, 1 group for each time point) and received 16 mg/kg ligustroflavone via intraperitoneal administration. The linear range of the calibration curve was over 2–2000 ng/mL for ligustroflavone in rat plasma and mouse tissues. The intra-day and inter-day precision expressed in % RSD were less than 14%, and the accuracy was between 88.5% and 108.4%.
The tissue distribution results indicated that ligustroflavone diffuses rapidly and widely into major organs. The level of ligustroflavone was highest in the mouse liver, followed by the kidney, spleen, and lung. The overwhelming accumulation in the liver indicated that the liver was responsible for the extensive metabolism.
Resgate da memória popular sobre duas escolas que existiram em Tamandaré/PE
Authors: Ferrão Santos Maria do Carmo 
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo, resgatar as lembranças guardadas na memória dos nativos e antigos moradores de Tamandaré, sobre a existência de duas instituições de ensino federal que aqui funcionaram: o Patronato (Aprendizado) João Coimbra (1924 a 1941) e a Escola de Pesca de Tamandaré (1954 a 1975). A memória é um dos alicerces que dá sentido aos fatos pretéritos da vida. Através de conversas informais, foi possível perceber que a população local preservou os acontecimentos relativos apenas ao da segunda escola, alegando que apenas esta foi positivamente marcante, o que tornou-a presente na memória individual e coletiva da população de Tamandaré.
Palavras-chave: Patronato. Escola de pesca. Memória. Tamandaré.
Campo, cidade, escola e profissão: jovens estudantes do curso Técnico em Agropecuária no Ensino Médio Subsequente
Authors: Cavalcante Ludmila Oliveira Holanda , Silva Fábio Dantas de Souza , Abreu Luciane Ferreira de 
Published: October 2019

O artigo discute as concepções de juventude, trabalho e campo de jovens que se inserem na educação profissional após a conclusão do ensino médio regular e como as trajetórias de vida desses sujeitos e a formação para o trabalho no campo influenciam seus projetos de vida, dialogando com aspectos que caracterizam a diversidade da juventude brasileira. Os dados explorados no texto foram obtidos por meio de pesquisa qualitativa que seguiu etapas diferenciadas, tais como: análise de documentos institucionais da escola onde os sujeitos estudam, aplicação de questionários junto aos estudantes, realização de grupos focais com os estudantes e entrevistas individuais com estudantes do curso e com o gestor da instituição educacional. A abordagem sócio-histórica no estudo foi significativa para colaborar na compreensão do cenário dos jovens sujeitos da pesquisa e sua relação com o entorno ao longo do tempo, em interface com o debate conceitual da Educação do Campo. A pesquisa revelou indícios de que a vinculação dos jovens com o território da zona rural é fragilizada, apesar de optarem por um curso predominantemente rural, os estudantes não demonstram muita conexão com o território e suas questões de cunho político e social.
Palavras-chave: Juventude rural, Educação do campo, Trabalho.
Therapy of patients with the high risk of arterial hypertension with the use of telmisartan
Authors: Nikitin A. V. , Vasilieva L. V. , Gosteva E. V. , Starodubtseva I. A. , Latisheva M. N. 
Published: October 2019

Aim. The study assesses the effects of therapy based on the use of telmisartan in patients with arterial hypertension and stable angina on the clinical and functional indicators of the cardiovascularvascular system. Material and methods. 52 patients with a combination of arterial hypertension (AH) I and II stages and coronary artery disease II with the mean age 63.5 ± 5.4 years (79% males and 21% of females) were enrolled in the trial. The duration of AH and CAD were 17.5±3.8 and 12.5±3.1 accordingly. All patients took a daily 80 mg dose of telmisartan. The efficacy of treatment was estimated in 3,6 and 12 months. Results. The use of telmisartan in complex treatment of high-risk patients with AH has led to decreasing blood pressure to the target level, increasing exercise tolerance (walking the distance from 315.5 m to 410.2 m in 6 minutes). 12 months of therapy based on telmisartan showed significant decrease in left hy‑ pertrophy ventricle (LV myocardial mass index on average by 10.4%), a decrease in the total duration of depression ST segment from 9.6±2.9 to 2.7±1.5 mm and a decrease in the depth of depression from 1.5±0.3 mm to 0.3±0.09 mm, with a trend towards decrease in the number of episodes of ST-segment depression, as well as the absence of a significant change in heart rate. After 12 months of en‑ dothelium-dependent vasodilation therapy, the condition of 31 (60%) patients improved, and 18 (35%) patients showed the tendency to improvement. The tests with reactive hyperemia conducted after 12 months of treatment revealed decreased linear velocity of blood flow in the brachial artery on average by 17%. Conclusion. The use of telmisartan in complex therapy improves the quality of life according to the EQ-VAS questionnaire by 25 points after 12 months of therapy, contributes to lowering blood pressure in 96% of patients, reduc‑ ing myocardial hypertrophy, endothelial dysfunction and severity of ischemic manifestations (reducing the need for nitroglycerin intake to an average of 0,5 inhalations, as well as a decrease in the ST segment depression of 40% after 12 months of therapy).
Early oncological outcomes and accuracy of risk stratification and tailoring surgical staging based on preoperative histology, Ca125 and MRI in endometrial cancer: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Mathews Jency , Abraham Seethal 
Published: October 2019

Background: momentum to select patients who will benefit from the extensive procedures. However, the parameters used for risk stratification have variable accuracy outside of tertiary cancer centres. This study looks into the accuracy of risk stratification using preoperative histology, MRI and Ca 125 levels and the oncological outcomes after tailoring surgical staging based on the risk stratification by combining the three variables in a suburban centre with a growing cancer population.Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was undertaken in a suburban cancer center in Pushpagiri Medical College, Tiruvalla, Kerala between June 2014 and December 2018. All patients underwent surgical staging with hysterectomy and salpingo oophorectomy as the least procedure. Lymphadenectomy was tailored according to the preoperative risk grouping and changed only in the presence of gross findings at surgery. Adjuvant treatment and follow up data obtained and collected in Microsoft Excel and analysed using statistical software SPSS version 22.Results: Of 47 patients recruited for the study, 35 patients were available for final analysis. Preoperative histology was accurate in 73%. There was 20 % overestimation and 8% underestimation. Ca 125 levels were elevated in 15%. MRI had an overall sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 60%. When MRI, Ca125 and histology were combined together, there was patients were deemed to be high risk. On final risk grouping, 9 patients were down staged and none were upstaged.Conclusions: Preoperative histology, MRI and ca 125 levels have moderate accuracy individually as preoperative risk determinates. The three parameters combined together show high specificity and PPV for preoperative risk stratification and the risk stratification has not been detrimental with respect to oncological outcomes of recurrence.
Evaluation of outcome following clamp assisted mini open reduction and internal fixation with intramedullary nailing of subtrochanteric femoral fractures
Authors: Prajapati Chirag G. , Dabhi Rasik B. , Maru Nikunj D. 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Subtrochanteric fractures of the proximal femur have been defined as the fractures extending from lesser trochanter distally for 5 cm. These fractures usually occur in two age distributions. In the elderly osteopenic population resulting from trivial trauma as fall from standing height or in the younger ones as a result of high energy trauma. Incidence has been on the rise and they comprise about 7 to 10% hip fractures and could lead quickly to large amount of blood loss and other complications.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a multicentric prospective prognostic study level 1 consisting of 25 patients admitted in government civil hospital, Ahmedabad during April 2013 to May 2015 having high subtrochanteric femur fractures treated by clamp assisted reduction and intramedullary nailing. Out of these, 20 patients (80%) came for final follow up with average follow up of 11.5 months and evaluated for union, complication and functional outcome.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study final outcome is assessed based on hip outcome score (modified) based on which 85% had excellent outcome, 10% had good outcome and 5% had fair outcome with none of the patient having poor outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We found that clamp-assisted reduction and intramedullary nail fixation provides excellent reduction quality, high rate of fracture union, with no apparent increase in complications in subtrochanteric fractures of the femur. </p>