bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin‐36 receptor antagonist attenuates atherosclerosis development by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Tian Yuan , Ling Xue‐Yan , Chen Dan‐Ling , Zhang Xiu‐Qiong , Qiu Chuan‐Mei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAtherosclerosis is characterized, as an inflammatory disorder in the circulatory system, with increasing tendency toward mortality and morbidity. Thus, developing novel therapeutic targeting inflammation is necessary. Here, we investigated the effects of interleukin‐36 receptor antagonist (IL‐36RN), a newly identified anti‐inflammatory factor, on atherosclerosis. The regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome by IL‐36RN was determined in vitro in macrophage cells after oxidized low‐density lipoprotein (ox‐LDL) stimulation. The IL‐1β and caspase‐1 p10 secretion were assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis. Finally, the IL‐36RN/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway was confirmed in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice. IL‐36RN suppressed the expression of NLRP3, the secretion of IL‐1β, and caspase‐1 p10 in vitro, while IL‐36 pathway stimulation activated the NLRP3 inflammasome, which was inhibited by IL‐36RN. In the mouse model of atherosclerosis, IL‐36RN delivered by the lentivirus vector inhibited the development of atherosclerosis, and the atheroprotective effects of IL‐36RN were attenuated by IL‐36 pathway stimulation. Furthermore, the regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome by IL‐36RN was also confirmed in vivo. We demonstrated here that IL‐36RN exerted atheroprotective functions through IL‐36RN/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
Suspected Adverse Drug Reactions From Corticosteroids: Analysis of Reported Notifications to the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance System
Authors: Gonçalves Cristel , Monteiro Cristina , Santos Jorge Luiz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe performed a retrospective, observational, and descriptive study on the reports of adverse reactions resulting from the use of corticosteroids, based on data from the Portuguese Pharmacovigilance System recorded between January 2009 and December 2018. A total of 569 reports with at least 1 suspected corticosteroid were included in the study, of which 59.1% belonged to individuals aged between 19 and 64 years. There was no significant predominance of sex, with 55% female patients. The notification trend has increased over the years, with the highest number of cases in 2018, 29.5%. Among the 3 groups of health professionals (nurses, pharmacists, and physicians), physicians were the ones who notified the majority. Regarding seriousness, 89.1% were classified as serious, and the most commonly reported corticosteroid as suspected drug was prednisolone, 65.6%. The system organ class group was reported in 37.8% of adverse reactions was infections and infestations. Despite the seriousness of most reports, 42.7% evolved to cure, even though 9.3% of the reports led to the death of patients. The assessment of causality by the regulatory authority was not performed in 84.4% of the reported cases. Although there were enhanced reporting rates of adverse reactions to corticosteroids, active search of their occurrence must be done. In light of the results obtained, educational programs about the importance of pharmacovigilance are essential.
Reliability of acoustic radiation force impulse shear wave elastography in the evaluation of liver stiffness in morbidly obese patients
Authors: Chauhan Anil , Shamchi Sara Pourhassan , Dumon Kristoffel R. , Williams Noel N. , Sehgal Chandra M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate technical and patient‐related factors that can affect the reliability of acoustic radiation force impulse shear wave elastography (ARFI‐SWE) in morbidly obese patients.MethodsA prospective single‐center study was performed on 41 patients (32 females, 78%) presenting for preoperative evaluation for bariatric surgery. ARFI‐SWE was performed using a 6 to 1.5 MHz curved (6C1) transducer. Hepatic steatosis was mild, moderate, severe, and absent in 24.4%, 12.2%, 43.9%, and 19.5% of patients, respectively. Interquartile range/median (IQR/M) ranged from 0.05 to 2.07 (0.78 ± 0.56 m/s). Twenty patients (48.7%) had reliable measurements (IQR/M < 0.3). Shear wave velocity (SWV) values were >1.34 m/s (clinically significant fibrosis) in 25 of 41 patients (61%) and >2.2 m/s (advanced fibrosis) in 19 patients (46%).ResultsMedian SWV was correlated with body mass index (BMI; correlation coefficient [CC] = .37; 95% CI, 0.07‐0.61; P‐value = .03) and skin‐to‐liver capsule distance (SLD) (CC = .38; 95% CI, 0.09‐0.62; P‐value = .01). IQR/M was higher in patients with BMI > 40 (0.24 ± 0.11 vs 0.39 ± 0.25, P‐value = .031) and SLD > 3 cm (0.46 ± 0.27 vs 0.23 ± 0.08, P‐value = .001), and there was higher number of unreliable examinations among patient with SLD > 3 cm (16/23 vs 5/18, P‐value = .01).ConclusionARFI‐SWE is technically more challenging among patients with higher BMI and SLD, resulting in a higher number of unreliable studies, which highlights the need for further advancement of ARFI technology.
Effect of quebracho condensed tannin extract on fecal gas flux in steers
Authors: Norris A. B. , Tedeschi L. O. , Muir J. P. , Foster J. L. , Casey K. D. , Pinchak W. E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNaturally occurring gaseous by‐products of ruminant production—carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O)—can negatively affect the environment. Along with enteric fermentation, manure on pasture is among the most significant contributors to non‐CO2emissions. Condensed tannins, a group of naturally occurring phenolic compounds, can alter the route of nutrient excretion and interact with microbes, suggesting they are a plausible feed additive for reducing excreta gas emissions. We evaluated how quebracho (Schinopsis balansae) tannin extract fed at 0, 15, 30, and 45 g kg−1of dry matter (DM) within a roughage‐based diet affected fecal gas emissions at multiple locations (College Station and Stephenville, TX) during two periods corresponding to winter and spring. During both periods, CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes were determined using the vented‐static chamber methodology over 39 d, and cumulative emissions were calculated. A random coefficients model with animal nested within dietary treatment and period as the random factor was analyzed by location due to the presence of collinearity with soil parameters within periods. Daily CO2flux was influenced by soil moisture and temperature (r = .34;P < .01), whereas CH4and N2O were associated with soil moisture. Cumulative gas production confirmed a dietary effect for CO2and gross CO2equivalent at the College Station site (P≤ .001), demonstrating a linear reduction as quebracho inclusion increased. Variance partitioning indicated that dietary treatment and seasonal period likely influenced animal digestive and metabolic parameters. Within specific environments, quebracho supplementation may assist in reducing fecal gas emissions.
Structural variations and expression profiles of the SARS‐CoV‐2 host invasion genes in lung cancer
Authors: Ilikci Sagkan Rahsan , Akin‐Bali Dilara Fatma 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecent days have seen growing evidence of cancer's susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and of the effect of genomic differences on the virus' entrance genes in lung cancer. Genetic confirmation of the hypotheses regarding gene expression and mutation pattern of target genes, including angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 (ACE2), transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), basigin (CD147/BSG) and paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme (FURIN/PCSK3), as well as correlation analysis, was done in relation to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) using in silico analysis. Not only were gene expression and mutation patterns detected, but also there were correlation and survival analysis between ACE2 and other target genes expression levels. The total genetic anomaly carrying rate of target genes, including ACE2, TMPRSS2, CD147/BSG, and FURIN/PCSK3, was determined as 8.1% and 21 mutations were detected, with 7 of these mutations having pathogenic features. p.H34N on the RBD binding residues for SARS‐CoV‐2 was determined in our LUAD patient group. According to gene expression analysis results, though the TMPRSS2 level was statistically significantly decreased in the LUSC patient group compared to healthy control, the ACE2 level was determined to be high in LUAD and LUSC groups. There were no meaningful differences in the expression of CD147 and FURIN genes. The challenge for today is building the assessment of genomic susceptibility to COVID‐19 in lung cancer, requiring detailed experimental laboratory studies, in addition to in silico analyses, as a way of assessing the mechanism of novel virus invasion that can be used in the development of effective SARS‐CoV‐2 therapy.
Establishment of a cell‐based quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) assay for detection of multivalent rotavirus vaccine
Authors: Wang Yunjin , Liu Yueyue , Wang Mingqiang , Yu Li , Ma Chao , Li Xiongxiong , Guo Tai , Bao Hong , Kou Kuiying , Chen Yueru , Gong Hanbo , Zhou Xu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBecause of deficiencies of traditional potency tests in rotavirus detection, a one‐step TaqMan probe‐based quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) assay combined with cell‐based method was established to determine the infectious potency of the target virus in multivalent live rotavirus vaccines in vitro. Series dilutions of rotavirus samples were inoculated into Vero cells and cultured for 24 hours. The cells were lysed and the potency was detected by RT‐qPCR. The reference standards with a known titer (lgCCID50/mL) were assayed in parallel, and the potencies of each sample were determined using parallel line method. The specificity, precision and accuracy of the assay were evaluated, respectively. The results showed that messenger RNA produced during rotavirus replication was the primary template of RT‐qPCR and the primers and probes were specific to each strain. The coefficient of variation of different wells and different working days did not exceed 6% and the results of the assay were proved to be concordant with those of cell culture infective dose 50% with a relative deviation less than 5%. This assay is a more rapid, cost‐effective and high‐throughput way for detecting multivalent rotavirus vaccine, and will be a valuable tool in the quality control and stability monitoring of live multivalent rotavirus vaccine.
Persistence and clearance of oral human papillomavirus infections: A prospective population‐based cohort study
Authors: Wong Martin C. S. , Vlantis Alexander C. , Liang Miaoyin , Wong Po Yee , Ho Wendy C. S. , Boon Siaw S. , Leung Colette , Chan Paul K. S. , Chen Zigui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the incidence of and factors associated with persistence and clearance of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infections.MethodA prospective cohort study invited 458 subjects (231 HPV‐positive and 227 HPV‐negative at baseline) to attend follow‐ups at 12 months. Those 231 HPV‐positive subjects and 10 new infections were invited to reassessment at 24 months. We used next‐gen sequencing for detection and genotyping of HPV.Resultsα‐HPV infections showed higher persistence rates than β/γ‐HPV (22.7% vs 9.2% at 12 months [P < .05], 10.6% vs 6.8% at 24 months [P = .30]). Clearance rates of α‐HPV were lower than β/γ‐HPV at 12 months (31.8% vs 45.1%; P = .05) and higher at 24 months (7.6% vs 4.8%; P = .36). Persistence of β/γ‐HPV was positively associated with males (crude odds ratio [COR] = 3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3‐11.2), elderly (51‐65 vs 16‐50 years; COR = 5.1, 95% CI = 1.2‐22.3), and smoking (COR = 4.3, 95% CI = 1.9‐9.6). Drinking (COR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3‐0.9), handwashing less than 90% of times before meals (COR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.3‐0.9), and using public bath more than once per month (COR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2‐0.9) were risk factors hindering β/γ‐HPV clearance.ConclusionsThis study identified factors associated with persistence and clearance of oral HPV infections among Chinese. Studies on other ethnogeographic groups may further inform prevention strategies of oral HPV infection and immunization programmes.
Mahaim fiber connecting the right atrium to the left ventricle: a case report
Authors: Yakabe Daisuke , Fukuyama Yusuke , Araki Masahiro , Aso Akemi , Nakamura Toshihiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the majority of cases presenting with the Mahaim fiber (MF), the MF connects the lateral right atrium (RA) to the right bundle branch or the right ventricle. We present the case of a 33‐year‐old man with antidromic atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia using MF connected to the septal RA and left ventricle (LV). Although the Mahaim potential was recorded at the septal RA, ablation at this site could not eliminate the MF and had a potential risk of injury to the atrioventricular node. Additional application at the posterior septal LV achieved successful MF ablation.
Robotic surgery for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A single center case series
Authors: Winder Alec , Strauss Dirk C. , Jones Robin L. , Benson Charlotte , Messiou Christina , Chaudry Mohammed Asif , Smith Myles J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of surgical treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is a microscopically complete resection. Initial indications for laparoscopic surgery were limited to smaller tumors, in favorable locations. Over time, indications for minimal invasive surgery (MIS) have expanded, however concerns remain when considering resection of larger GISTs. Our aims were to assess the utility of robotic resection of gastric GISTs for challenging tumors.MethodsGIST resections, in this study were performed using the Intuitive Da Vinci Surgical Xi System. GIST's were considered challenging if tumor size was >50 mm at the time of surgery and/or the location of the tumor was type II, III, or IV using Privette/Al‐Thanai classification.ResultsRobotic resections were performed on 12 consecutive patients, 83% were considered challenging cases, 6 out of 12 for location and 5 out of 12 for size. Initial median tumor size on imaging was 53.7 mm, and post‐imatinib was 45.8 mm. All tumors were removed with clear margins (R0) via wedge resections, with no complications. Median operative time was 192 minutes (95‐250). Length of hospital stay was 2 days (2‐6).ConclusionsRobotic resection of gastric GIST's appears oncologically safe, and may expand the benefits of MIS to a greater cohort of complex cases.
Post–Left Atrium Space Index in Fetuses With Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection and Other Congenital Heart Diseases
Authors: Han Jiancheng , Li Tianjing , Wu Wenfang , Zhang Ye , Liu Xiaowei , Gu Xiaoyan , Sun Lin , Gao Shuang , He Yihua 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the value of the post–left atrium space (PLAS) index in the diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and the effect of other congenital heart diseases on the PLAS index in the fetus.MethodsThe PLAS index of 69 fetuses with TAPVC was analyzed retrospectively. Approximately 252 healthy fetuses were randomly selected as controls, and 110 cases of intracardiac malformations were randomly selected for comparison. The PLAS index was defined as the ratio of the left atrium–descending aorta distance divided by the descending aorta diameter from the 4‐chamber view in the end‐systolic phase.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the PLAS index among the 3 groups of isolated TAPVC subtypes (P > .05), or among the isolated TAPVC group and the simple and complex cardiac anomaly groups (P > .05). Compared with the control group, the PLAS index of the TAPVC group was significantly increased (P < .001). The PLAS index was significantly higher in the TAPVC group than in hypoplastic left heart syndrome, endocardial cushion defect, conotruncal defect, and ventricular septal defect groups (P < .05). The PLAS indices of the hypoplastic left heart syndrome, endocardial cushion defect, and conotruncal defect groups were all higher than that of the control group (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the PLAS index between the ventricular septal defect and control groups (P > .05).ConclusionsThe PLAS index is a sensitive parameter for the diagnosis of fetal TAPVC. There were no significant differences in the PLAS index among different TAPVC types. Complex intracardiac anomalies have an influence on the PLAS index.
Association Between Orthonasal Olfaction and Chemosensory Perception in Patients With Smell Loss
Authors: Liu David T. , Besser Gerold , Prem Bernhard , Sharma Gunjan , Koenighofer Martin , Renner Bertold , Mueller Christian A. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesSelf‐ratings seem to be the most effortless strategy for assessment of patients' chemical senses. Notably, although flavor perception strongly relies on olfaction, the relationship between self‐reported flavor perception and orthonasal olfactory tests have hitherto not been considered. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self‐perceived olfactory function (SO), taste (ST), and flavor perception (SF) and smell test results in patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD).MethodsWe included 203 patients with quantitative OD. Group comparison, bivariate correlation, and ordinal logistic regression were employed to quantify the relationships between predictor variables (age, gender, reason for OD, and orthonasal olfaction—summed scores of threshold, discrimination, and identification [TDI]) and outcomes of SO and SF (“impaired,” “average,” or “good”).ResultsGroup comparison revealed significant differences between SO and SF (P < .001). Stronger correlations were found between SO and TDI (r = 0.64), compared to SF and TDI (r = 0.27). No relevant correlation was found between ST and TDI (r = 0.10). Higher TDI was associated with odds of higher SO in univariate (odds ratio = 1.25) and multivariable analyses (adjusted odds ratio = 1.23), and both models showed good fit of data. Conversely, regression models on the associations between TDI and changes in SF did not meet the assumption of goodness of fit.ConclusionWe found that higher orthonasal olfactory performance was associated with odds of higher SO in patients with OD, even after controlling for olfactory‐relevant factors. To the contrary, similar models based on flavor perception failed to describe these relationships. This indicates for SF and ST to be less represented by the TDI compared to SO.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:2213–2219, 2020
Application of a Simple Parkinson's Disease Risk Score in a LongitudinalPopulation‐BasedCohort
Authors: Marini Kathrin , Mahlknecht Philipp , Tutzer Franziska , Stockner Heike , Gasperi Arno , Djamshidian Atbin , Willeit Peter , Kiechl Stefan , Willeit Johann , Rungger Gregorio , Noyce Alastair J. , Schrag Anette , Poewe Werner , Seppi Klaus 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying individuals at risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD) is critical to define target populations for future neuroprotective trials.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to apply the PREDICT‐PD algorithm of risk indicators for PD in a prospective community‐based study (the Bruneck study), representative of the general elderly population.MethodsPREDICT‐PD risk scores were calculated based on risk factor assessments obtained at baseline (2005, n = 574 participants). Cases of incident PD were identified at 5‐year and 10‐year follow‐ups. Participants with PD or secondary parkinsonism at baseline were excluded (n = 35). We analyzed the association of log‐transformed risk scores with the presence of well‐established markers as surrogates for PD risk at baseline and with incident PD at follow‐up.ResultsA total of 20 participants with incident PD were identified during follow‐up (11 after 5 years and 9 after 10 years). Baseline PREDICT‐PD risk scores were associated with incident PD with odds ratios of 2.09 (95% confidence interval, 1.35–3.25;P= 0.001) after 5 years and of 1.95 (1.36–2.79;P< 0.001) after 10 years of follow‐up per doubling of risk scores. In addition, higher PREDICT‐PD scores were significantly correlated with established PD risk markers (olfactory dysfunction, signs of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and motor deficits) and significantly associated with higher probability for prodromal PD according to the Movement Disorder Society research criteria at baseline.ConclusionsThe PREDICT‐PD score was associated with an increased risk for incident PD in our sample and may represent a useful first screening step in future algorithms aiming to identify cases of prodromal PD. © 2020 The Authors.Movement Disorderspublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
COVID‐19 in Parkinson’s Disease Patients Living in Lombardy, Italy
Authors: Fasano Alfonso , Cereda Emanuele , Barichella Michela , Cassani Erica , Ferri Valentina , Zecchinelli Anna Lena , Pezzoli Gianni 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt is unknown whether patients with PD are at greater risk of COVID‐19, what their risk factors are, and whether their clinical manifestations differ from the general population.ObjectivesThe study aimed to address all these issues.MethodsIn a case‐controlled survey, we interviewed 1,486 PD patients attending a single tertiary center in Lombardy, Italy and 1,207 family members (controls).ResultsOne hundred five (7.1%) and 92 controls (7.6%) were identified as COVID‐19 cases. COVID‐19 patients were younger, more likely to suffer from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, to be obese, and vitamin D nonsupplemented than unaffected patients. Six patients (5.7%) and 7 family members (7.6%) died from COVID‐19. Patients were less likely to report shortness of breath and require hospitalization.ConclusionsIn an unselected large cohort of nonadvanced PD patients, COVID‐19 risk and mortality did not differ from the general population, but symptoms appeared to be milder. The possible protective role of vitamin D supplementation warrants future studies. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Dual‐band decoupling and wideband harmonic suppression for asymmetric antenna pair by using filtering structures
Authors: Li Jiaxu , Zhai Huiqing , Zhong Wuning , Li Hongkun , Nie Zhenghang , Liu Longhua , Shi Junhao , Hu Diwei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this letter, a new method is proposed to achieve high port isolation and wideband harmonic suppression for two closely placed asymmetric antennas by using integrated filtering structures cascaded on the feeding microstrip lines. The proposed asymmetric antenna pair operates normally at 2.34 to 2.6 GHz and 3.31 to 3.69 GHz, respectively, containing the WLAN band (2.4‐2.484 GHz) and the fifth generation (5G) bands of China Telecom (3.4‐3.5 GHz) and China Unicom (3.5‐3.6 GHz). Compared to the reference antenna pair, the proposed antenna pair has an enhancement in isolation of 40.8 and 38.1 dB at 2.45 and 3.5 GHz individually, and the higher harmonics of up to 18 GHz generated by the reference antenna pair can be suppressed. The gain of the proposed antenna pair decreases by an average of 8.8 dB in the higher harmonic frequency bands. The measured results of the manufactured antenna pair agree well with the simulated results, indicating that the designed antenna pair has good dual‐band decoupling and wideband harmonic suppression characteristics. This method particularly reduces the complexity of the decoupling antenna design and is suitable for the future multi‐functional terminals.