bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interdecadal variability of South–Southeast Asian rainfall and cross‐equatorial flows during April–May
Authors: Tu Jien‐Yi , Chen Jau‐Ming , Lo Min‐Hui , Lan Chia‐Wei , Shiu Shui‐De , Lai Tzu‐Ling 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFrom April to May, South–Southeast Asian rainfall (SSEAR) and cross‐equatorial flows (CEFs) off the East African coast have exhibited interdecadal variability over the past four decades. Both SSEAR and CEF strengthened based on comparative analysis for the periods 1979–1998 and 1999–2016. Associated modulating processes feature warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical western North Pacific (WNP) and cold SST anomalies in the tropical eastern Pacific. These features lead to a low‐level clockwise circulation anomaly across the North and South Indian Ocean. This intensifies CEFs via anomalous southerly flows along the circulation's western section and transports moisture via anomalous westerly flows on its northern side that enhances SSEAR. After 1998, SSEAR and CEFs vary coherently from 1999 to 2005, but incoherently from 2006 to 2016. For coherent cases (1999–2005), warm SST anomalies in the tropical WNP invoke a clockwise circulation anomaly over the tropical Indian Ocean. Meanwhile, cold anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean and strong warm anomalies over Asian landmasses cause a meridional temperature difference (MTD) forming a strong cyclonic anomaly in the north that constrains the clockwise circulation anomaly south of 15°N. The circulation's western section enhances CEFs, while anomalous westerly flows on its northern side enhance moisture supply over southern parts of the Asian landmasses thereby increasing SSEAR. For incoherent cases (2006–2016), SST anomalies are warm in both the tropical WNP and Indian Ocean, while anomalous warming over Asian landmasses is more moderate. A weakened MTD yields an isolated weakened cyclonic anomaly in the north allowing for the development of a northward‐displacing clockwise circulation anomaly with anomalous westerly flows north of 20°N. Rainfall increases a little in northern parts of South–Southeast Asia but decreases noticeably in southern parts. Intensified CEFs thus occur concurrently with decreased SSEAR.
A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method with hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent as extractant and analyte protectant for analyzing pyrethroid residues in tomatoes
Authors: Ye Xuemin , Ye Beibei , Xu Jiahui , Fang Mei , Dong Danqi , Wu Congcong , Lin Xupin , Hu Yehui , Cao Xiaoji , Mo Weimin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, a novel quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe technique with hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent as both extractant and analyte protectant was developed and combined with gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to analyze pyrethroid residues in tomatoes. Eight hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvents were first evaluated as analyte protectants and those with decanoic acid or lactic acid as hydrogen bond donor were demonstrated to be effective in compensating for the matrix effects of pyrethroids in the gas chromatography system. Hence, they were added to solvent standards for correcting the quantitation errors instead of matrix‐matched calibration standards. Then the abilities of these acid‐based deep eutectic solvents to extract pyrethriods from tomatoes were evaluated. Results showed the recoveries of all pyrethroids reached to over 80% with only 5 mL menthol:decanoic acid (1:1) used, and good phase separation was easily achieved without the addition of inorganic salt in the extraction step, indicating hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent could be a green substitute for acetonitrile in the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction. Compared with the conventional method, the proposed protocol improved the recoveries, reduced the matrix effects, and simplified the extraction step, demonstrating to be an effective, fast, and green method.
Does trade facilitation promote the efficiency of inbound tourism?—The empirical test based on Japan
Authors: Tang Rui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study explores the intrinsic correlation between trade facilitation and the efficiency of inbound tourism in Japan based on the data from 2011 to 2017. Findings suggest that Japan's inbound tourism is strongly dependent on the Asian market. The number and rate of growth of sightseeing tourists is higher than those of other types. China has become the biggest source of inbound tourism for Japan. The stochastic frontier gravity and fixed‐effect regression show that the increase in the level of trade facilitation of different inbound tourist source countries (regions) has promoted the efficiency of inbound tourism in Japan. Furthermore, trade facilitation has played a significant role in improving the efficiency of the inbound business tourism market. The increase in Japan's international tourism income and air transport capacity has strengthened its comprehensive supply capacity for the tourism industry. Lastly, visa‐free policies have also boosted inbound tourism efficiency.
Pharmacotranscriptomics of peptide drugs with neuroprotective properties
Authors: Dergunova Lyudmila V. , Filippenkov Ivan B. , Limborska Svetlana A. , Myasoedov Nikolai F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere we present a review of studies on the effects of peptides with neuroprotective properties on gene transcription in nerve cells. The few published works in this area clearly demonstrate massive changes in cell transcriptomes induced by peptides under normal conditions and under conditions of experimental brain ischemia. These changes significantly affect signaling and metabolic pathways, affecting various body systems and confirming the multiple target actions of peptides. The importance of noncoding RNAs in the regulation of these processes is shown, and we discuss the prospects of research for determining the main mechanisms of peptide regulation, which is necessary for the further development of drugs with targeted neuroprotective effects.
Convolutional neural network‐based pelvic floor structure segmentation using magnetic resonance imaging in pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Feng Fei , Ashton‐Miller James A. , DeLancey John O. L. , Luo Jiajia 
Published: July 2020

PurposeAutomated segmentation could improve the efficiency of modeling‐based pelvic organ prolapse (POP) evaluations. However, segmentation performance is limited by the blurry soft tissue boundaries. In this study, we aimed to present a hybrid solution for uterus, rectum, bladder, and levator ani muscle segmentation by combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a level set method.MethodsWe used 24 sagittal pelvic floor magnetic resonance (MR) series from six anterior vaginal prolapse and six posterior vaginal prolapse subjects (a total 528 MR images). The stress MR images were performed both at rest and at maximal Valsalva. We assigned 264 images for training, 132 images for validation, and 132 images for testing. A CNN was designed by introducing a multi‐resolution features pyramid module (MRFP) into an encoder‐decoder model. Depth separable convolution and pretraining were used to improve model convergence. Multiclass cross entropy loss and multiclass Dice loss were used for model training. The dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and average surface distance (ASD) were used for evaluating the segmentation results. To prove the effectiveness of our model, we compared it with advanced segmentation methods including Deeplabv3+, U‐Net, and FCN‐8s. The ablation study was designed to quantify the contributions of MRFP, the encoder network, and pretraining. Besides, we investigated the working mechanism of MRFP in the segmentation network by comparing our model with three of its variants. Finally, the level set method was used to improve the CNN model further.ResultsDice loss showed better segmentation performance than multiclass cross entropy loss. MRFP was efficacious for different encoder networks. With MRFP, U‐Net and U‐Net‐X (X represents Xception encoder network) have improved the DSC, on average by 6.8 and 5.3 points. Compared with different CNN models, our model achieved the highest average DSC of 65.6 points and the lowest average ASD of 2.9 mm. With the level set method, the DSC of our model improved to 69.4 points.ConclusionsMRFP proved to be effective in addressing the blurry soft tissue boundary problem on pelvic floor MR images. A hybrid solution based on CNN and level set method was presented for pelvic organ segmentation both at rest and at maximal Valsalva; with this method, we achieved state‐of‐the‐art results.
Parallel transmission medical implant safety testbed: Real‐time mitigation of RF induced tip heating using time‐domain E‐field sensors
Authors: Winter Lukas , Silemek Berk , Petzold Johannes , Pfeiffer Harald , Hoffmann Werner , Seifert Frank , Ittermann Bernd 
Published: July 2020

PurposeTo implement a modular, flexible, open‐source hardware configuration for parallel transmission (pTx) experiments on medical implant safety and to demonstrate real‐time mitigation strategies for radio frequency (RF) induced implant heating based on sensor measurements.MethodsThe hardware comprises a home‐built 8‐channel pTx system (scalable to 32‐channels), wideband power amplifiers and a positioning system with submillimeter precision. The orthogonal projection (OP) method is used to mitigate RF induced tip heating and to maintain sufficient

for imaging. Experiments are performed at 297MHz and inside a clinical 3T MRI using 8‐channel pTx RF coils, a guidewire substitute inside a phantom with attached thermistor and time‐domain E‐field probes.ResultsRepeatability and precision are ~3% for E‐field measurements including guidewire repositioning, ~3% for temperature slopes and an ~6% root‐mean‐square deviation between

measurements and simulations. Real‐time pTx mitigation with the OP mode reduces the E‐fields everywhere within the investigated area with a maximum reduction factor of 26 compared to the circularly polarized mode. Tip heating was measured with ~100 μK resolution and ~14 Hz sampling frequency and showed substantial reduction for the OP vs CP mode.ConclusionThe pTx medical implant safety testbed presents a much‐needed flexible and modular hardware configuration for the in‐vitro assessment of implant safety, covering all field strengths from 0.5‐7 T. Sensor based real‐time mitigation strategies utilizing pTx and the OP method allow to substantially reduce RF induced implant heating while maintaining sufficient image quality without the need for a priori knowledge based on simulations or in‐vitro testing.
Comparisons of pregnancy outcomes between twin pregnancies with and without second‐trimester amniocentesis
Authors: Dechnunthapiphat Rangsan , Sekararithi Ratanaporn , Tongsong Theera , Wanapirak Chanane , Piyamongkol Wirawit , Sirichotiyakul Supatra , Tongprasert Fuanglada , Srisupundit Kasemsri , Luewan Suchaya , Jatavan Phudit , Traisrisilp Kuntharee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the amniocentesis‐related pregnancy loss rate and preterm birth rate among twin pregnancies undergoing amniocentesis.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary center. The study group included twin pregnancies undergoing amniocentesis during 16 to 22 weeks of gestation. The control group was those not undergoing amniocentesis. All amniocenteses were performed by the MFM specialists. The main outcomes were the rate of pregnancy loss (before 24 weeks) and preterm birth.ResultsA total of 332 cases in the study group and 1188 controls were analyzed. The percentages of maternal age ≥35 years, high parity, and cases complicated with medical diseases were significantly higher in the study group. The pregnancy loss rate after the procedure tended to be higher, but not significant, in the study group (3.0% vs 2.2% P = .383). Likewise, the rate of preterm birth in the study group was higher, but not significant (70.5% vs 66.0% P = .130). Logistic regression analysis to adjust confounding factors showed no significance of amniocentesis on pregnancy loss and preterm birth.ConclusionThough amniocentesis in twin pregnancies has theoretical risk of pregnancy loss, it is relatively safe when performed by maternal–fetal medicine specialists. This information is useful for counseling, especially when performed by experienced hands.
Cracking energy density for rubber materials: Computation and implementation in multiaxial fatigue design
Authors: Belkhiria Salma , Hamdi Adel , Fathallah Raouf 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article proposes a heuristic model to predict the fatigue life of rubber parts. The developed model is mainly based on the Cracking Energy Density (CED), originally developed by Mars, for the study of rubber parts fatigue. The main contribution consists in the integration of the theoretical framework of the critical plane analysis proposed by Mars with Saintier's experimental research carried out in tension and torsion modes. The CED parameter, derived from the Strain Energy Density (SED), can predict the occurrence of the first crack and its possible orientation depending on the type of loading path. In this context, an analytical analysis of this parameter is carried out for typical loading cases. Furthermore, the variation of CED by SED ratio (WC/W), as a function of the probable crack angle θ and the principal stretch λ1 is investigated. A finite element (FE) model is, then, developed to measure the performance and efficiency for some basic criteria used to investigate rubber fatigue life in literature. The pertinence of such criteria is evaluated in terms of a determination coefficient. The CED parameter can be considered as the most effective criterion for describing the multiaxial fatigue life of rubbers.
Asphaltenes as a tackifier for hot‐melt adhesives based on the styrene‐isoprene‐styrene block copolymer
Authors: Ignatenko Viktoria Y. , Kostyuk Anna V. , Smirnova Nina M. , Antonov Sergey V. , Ilyin Sergey O. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe use of heavy crude oil asphaltenes and resins (termed asphaltenes) as the components of hot‐melt adhesives based on the styrene‐isoprene triblock copolymer was considered. The rheological, thermophysical, strength, and adhesive characteristics of the mixtures containing from 10 to 40 wt% of asphaltenes were studied. The addition of 10 to 20 wt% of asphaltenes enhanced the strength and adhesive properties of the mixtures and only slightly changed their rheology. The higher concentrations of asphaltenes reduced the viscosity of the mixtures but did not lead to improved characteristics of the adhesives. The ambiguous effect of asphaltenes is probably due to their uneven distribution between the microphases of the block copolymer as well as their ability to act both plasticizers and reinforcing particles depending on temperature. A comparison of asphaltenes and conventional tackifiers based on hydrocarbon resins revealed their comparable effect on the properties of the block copolymer.
Flame retardancy and thermal properties of poly(butylene succinate)/ nano‐boehmite composites prepared via in situ polymerization
Authors: Kahkesh Saman , Rafizadeh Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPoly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and its nanocomposites with nanoboehmite (nBhm) were synthesized via direct esterification between succinic acid and butylene glycol (BG). Boehmite (Bhm) nanoparticles, up to 2%, were added in the polycondensation step. Repeatability of runs was observed by the amount of the gathered water. Temperature trajectory was considered as an indication of the polycondensation start. Mixing torque was measured and its rapid increase, up to 0.6 Nm, was deliberated as the end of the process. Polycondensation time decreases with an increase in amount of nBhm due to the catalytic role of aluminum in Bhm. The chemical structure of PBS was proved through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. XRD spectrum and scanning electron microscope images show a good distribution of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. Differential scanning calorimetric results determine that Tg increases with the nanoparticle content. Improved Avrami equation was fitted to study the kinetics of the crystallization of samples. As a result, spherulite crystal growth was determined based on the Avrami index. Thermal gravimetric analysis trends are the same, however, nanocomposites show more residual ash. Atomic force microscopy images show that nanocomposites have a rough surface. It was observed that the flame advancement decreases up to 60% and limiting oxygen index increases up to 8%.
Overexpression of three P450 genes is responsible for resistance to novel pyrimidine amines in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Zhang Can , Meng Dehao , Wang Weizhen , Dai Tan , Wang Junfeng , Guan Aiying , Liu Changling , Liu Xili 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundA series of pyrimidine amine derivatives has been synthesized by modifying the pyrimidine ring group of diflumetorim—a mitochondrial complex I inhibiting fungicide. One derivative, code number SYP‐34773, is investigated in this study involving Magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast, which is the most devastating disease in rice. The response, resistance profile and mechanism of M. oryzae to SYP‐34773 were investigated, which provides or provide?? important data for the registration and rational use of pyrimidine amines.ResultsSYP‐34773 showed greater control efficacy than fungicide isoprothiolane in the field. The baseline sensitivity was established at a mean 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 0.08 μg ml−1. Four stable SYP‐34773‐resistant isolates with reduced sensitivity were generated from one (S118) of ten sensitive isolates with a resistance factor of EC50 ranging from 7.00 to 15.00. Conidia production and pathogenicity were similar to that of S118, although there was a significant decrease in mycelial growth and conidial germination in resistant isolates. Positive cross‐resistance was observed between SYP‐34773 and diflumetorim; and the SYP‐34773‐resistant isolates were still sensitive to isoprothiolane, carbendazim, fluazinam, azoxystrobin, or prochloraz. RNA‐Seq analyses revealed three cytochrome P450 genes were upregulated in the resistant isolate under the treatment with SYP‐34773, as confirmed by quantitative real‐time PCR. The SYP‐34773 content was significantly reduced in the resistant isolate when compared with the parental isolate.ConclusionThe study demonstrated that SYP‐34773 exhibits high activity against M. oryzae. Overexpression of three cytochrome P450 genes has an important role in the resistance of M. oryzae to novel pyrimidine amines. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A Kullback‐Leibler information control chart for linear profiles monitoring
Authors: Chang Yu‐Ching , Chen Chang‐Ming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProfile monitoring is referred to as monitoring the functional relationship between the response and explanatory variables. Traditionally, process control charts monitor the mean and/or the variance of a univariate quality characteristic. For several correlated quality characteristics, multivariate process control charts monitor the mean vector and/or the covariance matrix. However, monitoring the functional relationship between variables is sometimes more beneficial. One example is the power output of a Diesel engine and the amount of fuel injected should be related. In this paper, we propose a Kullback‐Leibler information (KLI) control chart for linear profiles monitoring in Phase II. The plotted statistics of the KLI chart are calculated based on a backward procedure. The functional relationship is described by linear regression. The performance of the proposed KLI control chart is compared with those of other existing control charts, especially the Generalized Likelihood Ratio (GLR) chart for both KLI and GLR charts do not require design parameters. The results show that (1) the KLI control chart is better than the GLR control chart in detecting the shift of variance in terms of Average Time to Signal, and (2) if the shift of the regression coefficient is small, the GLR chart outperforms the KLI chart, but if the size of shift is large, the KLI chart outperforms the GLR chart. The plotted statistics of KLI are compared to that of GLR. Their similarity is discussed.
Sequential extraction of the phosphate and collagen fractions of small bone samples for analysis of multiple isotope systems (δ18OPO4, δ13C, δ15N)
Authors: Sahlstedt Elina , Arppe Laura 
Published: July 2020

RationaleStable isotope analyses are used on precious archeological and paleontological materials despite their destructive nature, because the information gained by these methods on, for example, feeding habits, migration and health of individuals cannot otherwise be obtained. We approached this issue by devising a new sequential extraction scheme aimed at producing multiple (O, C, N) isotope proxies from small amounts of sample.MethodsThe new extraction scheme includes dissolution of the bone in dilute HNO3 followed by separate treatments of the collagenous and phosphate fractions. The collagen fraction is treated further adopting the methods presented in the literature for collagen extraction, modified to accommodate small sample sizes. The phosphate‐containing fraction is purified from organic contaminants by H2O2 and the phosphate is precipitated as Ag3PO4 following methods presented in the literature. The use of HF as demineralization agent is also tested.ResultsA starting amount of ca 2 mg produced enough material for meaurement by isotope ratio mass spectrometry of the collagen C and N isotope compositions and bone phosphate O isotope composition. We show that the isotopic data obtained from the sequential extraction scheme are comparable with the isotopic composition measured following conventional methodologies that are usually based on 100–500 mg sample sizes.ConclusionsThe new sequential extraction scheme combines the preparation for stable isotope analysis of bone mineral and organic phases, thus minimizing the amounts of sample needed and damage caused on a sample piece. The method may allow analysis of skeletal samples previously excluded from isotope analysis due to material limitations.
A fuzzy analytical hierarchy process to prioritize the success factors of requirement change management in global software development
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Azeem , Shameem Mohammad , Khan Arif Ali , Nadeem Mohammad , Alsanad Ahmed , Gumaei Abdu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPlanning and managing of requirement change management (RCM) process in global software development (GSD) are a complicated task, but the RCM plays a significant role in developing the quality software within time and budget. The key aim of this study is to prioritize the factors that could positively influence the RCM program in GSD context. To achieve the study objective, the questionnaire survey study was conducted to get the feedback of the practitioners concerning the success factors of RCM in GSD context. Moreover, the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) was applied. The application of FAHP is novel in this research domain as it has been effectively applied previously in various other research areas, for example, supplier selection, electronics and electrical, personnel selection, and agile software development. The results of this study will provide the prioritization‐based taxonomy of RCM success factors and also contribute by introducing the novel FAHP approach in the research domain of RCM in GSD. The FAHP approach assists the practitioners to reduce the uncertainty and vague opinions of RCM experts.