bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk stratification for small for gestational age for the Brazilian population: a secondary analysis of the Birth in Brazil study
Authors: Souza Renato T. , Vieira Matias C. , Esteves-Pereira Ana Paula , Domingues Rosa Maria Soares Madeira , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Lopes , da Cunha Filho Edson Vieira , Sandall Jane , Cecatti Jose G. , do Carmo Leal Maria , Dias Marcos Augusto Bastos , Pasupathy Dharmintra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRisk-stratification screening for SGA has been proposed in high-income countries to prevent perinatal morbidity and mortality. There is paucity of data from middle-income settings. The aim of this study is to explore risk factors for SGA in Brazil and assess potential for risk stratification. This population-based study is a secondary analysis of Birth in Brazil study, conducted in 266 maternity units between 2011 and 2012. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed, and population attributable fraction estimated for early and all pregnancy factors. We calculated absolute risk, odds ratio, and population prevalence of single or combined factors stratified by parity. Factors associated with SGA were maternal lupus (ORadj 4.36, 95% CI [2.32–8.18]), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (ORadj 2.72, 95% CI [2.28–3.24]), weight gain < 5 kg (ORadj 2.37, 95% CI [1.99–2.83]), smoking at late pregnancy (ORadj 2.04, 95% CI [1.60–2.59]), previous low birthweight (ORadj 2.22, 95% CI [1.79–2.75]), nulliparity (ORadj 1.81, 95% CI [1.60–2.05]), underweight (ORadj 1.61, 95% CI [1.36–1.92]) and socioeconomic status (SES) < 5th centile (ORadj 1.23, 95% CI [1.05–1.45]). Having two or more risk factors (prevalence of 4.4% and 8.0%) was associated with a 2 and fourfold increase in the risk for SGA in nulliparous and multiparous, respectively. Early and all pregnancy risk factors allow development of risk-stratification for SGA. Implementation of risk stratification coupled with specific strategies for reduction of risk and increased surveillance has the potential to contribute to the reduction of stillbirth in Brazil through increased detection of SGA, appropriate management and timely delivery.
Oncogenes overexpressed in metastatic oral cancers from patients with pain: potential pain mediators released in exosomes
Authors: Bhattacharya Aditi , Janal Malvin N. , Veeramachaneni Ratna , Dolgalev Igor , Dubeykovskaya Zinaida , Tu Nguyen Huu , Kim Hyesung , Zhang Susanna , Wu Angie K. , Hagiwara Mari , Kerr A. Ross , DeLacure Mark D. , Schmidt Brian L. , Albertson Donna G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOral cancer patients experience pain at the site of the primary cancer. Patients with metastatic oral cancers report greater pain. Lack of pain identifies patients at low risk of metastasis with sensitivity = 0.94 and negative predictive value = 0.89. In the same cohort, sensitivity and negative predictive value of depth of invasion, currently the best predictor, were 0.95 and 0.92, respectively. Cancer pain is attributed to cancer-derived mediators that sensitize neurons and is associated with increased neuronal density. We hypothesized that pain mediators would be overexpressed in metastatic cancers from patients reporting high pain. We identified 40 genes overexpressed in metastatic cancers from patients reporting high pain (n = 5) compared to N0 cancers (n = 10) and normal tissue (n = 5). The genes are enriched for functions in extracellular matrix organization and angiogenesis. They have oncogenic and neuronal functions and are reported in exosomes. Hierarchical clustering according to expression of neurotrophic and axon guidance genes also separated cancers according to pain and nodal status. Depletion of exosomes from cancer cell line supernatant reduced nociceptive behavior in a paw withdrawal assay, supporting a role for exosomes in cancer pain. The identified genes and exosomes are potential therapeutic targets for stopping cancer and attenuating pain.
Effects of environmental factors on microbiota of fruits and soil of Coffea arabica in Brazil
Authors: Veloso Tomás Gomes Reis , da Silva Marliane de Cássia Soares , Cardoso Wilton Soares , Guarçoni Rogério Carvalho , Kasuya Maria Catarina Megumi , Pereira Lucas Louzada 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn recent years, several studies have been developed to understand the impact of fermentation on the final quality of coffee and have indicated that postharvest processing could be a determinant of quality. However, a trend has appeared as a scientific counterpoint, indicating that the interactions between soil, fruit, altitude, and slope exposures with respect to the Sun are important to understand the behavior of the microbiome in coffee. Studies on the microbiota of coffee have addressed its role during the fermentation process, however the knowledge of indigenous microorganisms harbored in fruits and soil of coffee trees growing in fields are essential, as they can contribute to fermentation. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of topographic and edaphic factors on the bacterial and fungal communities present in the soil and in the fruits of Coffea arabica trees. Samples of fruits and soil were collected from different growing areas at different altitudes and soil conditions. The microbial DNA was extracted and sequenced. The results showed the contribution of environmental factors in the structure of bacterial and fungal communities. The richness, evenness and diversity of the mycobiome and bacteriome were higher in the soil than in the fruits, independent of altitude. In addition, coffee trees at higher altitudes tended to have more bacteria shared between the soil and fruits. The co-occurrence/co-exclusion network showed that bacteria-bacteria connections were greater in higher altitudes. On another hand, fungi-fungi and fungi-bacteria connections were higher in low altitudes. This was the first study that evaluates in deep the influence of environmental factors in the microbiota habiting fruits and soil coffee trees, which may affect the coffee beverage quality.
Genome characteristics of Kordia antarctica IMCC3317T and comparative genome analysis of the genus Kordia
Authors: Lim Yeonjung , Kang Ilnam , Cho Jang-Cheon 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe genus Kordia is one of many genera affiliated with the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes, well known for its degradation of high molecular weight organic matters. The genus Kordia currently comprises eight species, type strains of which have been isolated from a diverse range of marine environments. As of this report, four genome sequences have been submitted for cultured strains of Kordia, but none are complete nor have they been analyzed comprehensively. In this study, we report the complete genome of Kordia antarctica IMCC3317T, isolated from coastal seawater off the Antarctic Peninsula. The complete genome of IMCC3317T consists of a single circular chromosome with 5.5 Mbp and a 33.2 mol% of G+C DNA content. The IMCC3317T genome showed features typical of chemoheterotrophic marine bacteria and similar to other Kordia genomes, such as complete gene sets for the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas glycolysis pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The genome also encoded many carbohydrate-active enzymes, some of which were clustered into approximately seven polysaccharide utilization loci, thereby demonstrating the potential for polysaccharide utilization. Finally, a nosZ gene encoding nitrous oxide reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of N2O to N2 gas, was also unique to the IMCC3317T genome.
Inter-ocular and inter-visit differences in ocular biometry and refractive outcomes after cataract surgery
Authors: Choi Hyun Sup , Yoo Hyo Soon , An Yerim , Yoon Sam Young , Park Sung Pyo , Kim Yong-Kyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to determine whether inter-ocular differences in axial length (AL), corneal power (K), and adjusted emmetropic intraocular lens power (EIOLP) and inter-visit differences in these ocular biometric values, measured on different days, are related to refractive outcomes after cataract surgery. We retrospectively reviewed 279 patients who underwent phacoemulsification. Patients underwent ocular biometry twice (1–4 weeks before and on the day of surgery). Patients were divided into three groups: group S (similar inter-ocular biometry in different measurements; n = 201), group P (inter-ocular differences persisted in the second measurement; n = 37), and group D (inter-ocular difference diminished in the second measurement; n = 41). Postoperative refractive outcomes (mean absolute errors [MAEs]) were compared among the groups. Postoperative MAE2, based on second measurement with reduced inter-ocular biometry difference, was smaller than that calculated using the first measurement (MAE1) with borderline significance in group D (MAE1, 0.49 ± 0.45 diopters vs. MAE2, 0.41 ± 0.33 diopters, p = 0.062). Postoperative MAE2 was greater in group P compared to the other two groups (p = 0.034). Large inter-ocular biometry differences were associated with poor refractive outcomes after cataract surgery. These results indicate that measurements with smaller inter-ocular differences were associated with better refractive outcomes in cases with inter-visit biometry differences.
Thermal conductivity enhancement in gold decorated graphene nanosheets in ethylene glycol based nanofluid
Authors: Mbambo M. C. , Madito M. J. , Khamliche T. , Mtshali C. B. , Khumalo Z. M. , Madiba I. G. , Mothudi B. M. , Maaza M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report on the synthesis and thermal conductivity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated graphene nanosheets (GNs) based nanofluids. The GNs-AuNPs nanocomposites were synthesised using a nanosecond pulsed Nd:YAG laser (wavelength = 1,064 nm) to ablate graphite target followed by Au in ethylene glycol (EG) base fluid to obtain GNs-AuNPs/EG hybrid nanofluid. The characterization of the as-synthesised GNs-AuNPs/EG hybrid nanofluid confirmed a sheet-like structure of GNs decorated with crystalline AuNPs with an average particle diameter of 6.3 nm. Moreover, the AuNPs appear smaller in the presence of GNs which shows the advantage of ablating AuNPs in GNs/EG. The thermal conductivity analysis in the temperature range 25–45 °C showed that GNs-AuNPs/EG hybrid nanofluid exhibits an enhanced thermal conductivity of 0.41 W/mK compared to GNs/EG (0.35 W/mK) and AuNPs/EG (0.39 W/mK) nanofluids, and EG base fluid (0.33 W/mK). GNs-AuNPs/EG hybrid nanofluid displays superior enhancement in thermal conductivity of up to 26% and this is due to the synergistic effect between AuNPs and graphene sheets which have inherent high thermal conductivities. GNs-AgNPs/EG hybrid nanofluid has the potential to impact on enhanced heat transfer technological applications. Also, this work presents a green synthesis method to produce graphene-metal nanocomposites for various applications.
Comparison of three-dimensional soft-tissue evaluations between skeletal and pseudo-class III malocclusions
Authors: Kale Burak , Buyukcavus Muhammed Hilmi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of our study was to compare soft tissue measurements with 3D imaging methods in individuals with untreated skeletal and pseudo-Class III malocclusions. The study sample consisted of 75 patients (38 males, 37 females, mean age 12.41 ± 2.35 years) with pseudo- and true skeletal Class III malocclusions and skeletal Class I malocclusions. Soft tissue evaluations of all patients were performed using 3D stereophotogrammetric facial images. In our study, 26 landmarks, 17 linear measurements, 13 angular measurements, and 5 volume measurements were made using the 3dMD Vultus software. The significance was determined to be p < 0.05 in ANOVA, Tukey tests. No significant differences were found among the groups in terms of demographic data (p > 0.05). The skeletal Class I control group had a significantly more extended upper lip and vermillion length as compared to the Class III groups. The soft tissue convexity angle and upper nasal angle were found to be wider in the Class III malocclusion group compared to those in the Class I control group. While the pseudo-Class III group had a significantly lower midface volume, chin volume was significantly higher in the skeletal class group. Upper lip volume was significantly higher in the Class I group. Using 3dMD for guiding clinicians in the differential soft and hard tissue diagnosis of pseudo-Class III malocclusions, differences were revealed in Class I patients in the middle part of the face. In the differential diagnosis of true Class III malocclusions, chin volume was found to be different from that of Class I patients.
Intracellular ATP levels in mouse cortical excitatory neurons varies with sleep–wake states
Authors: Natsubori Akiyo , Tsunematsu Tomomi , Karashima Akihiro , Imamura Hiromi , Kabe Naoya , Trevisiol Andrea , Hirrlinger Johannes , Kodama Tohru , Sanagi Tomomi , Masamoto Kazuto , Takata Norio , Nave Klaus-Armin , Matsui Ko , Tanaka Kenji F. , Honda Makoto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhilst the brain is assumed to exert homeostatic functions to keep the cellular energy status constant under physiological conditions, this has not been experimentally proven. Here, we conducted in vivo optical recordings of intracellular concentration of adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP), the major cellular energy metabolite, using a genetically encoded sensor in the mouse brain. We demonstrate that intracellular ATP levels in cortical excitatory neurons fluctuate in a cortex-wide manner depending on the sleep-wake states, correlating with arousal. Interestingly, ATP levels profoundly decreased during rapid eye movement sleep, suggesting a negative energy balance in neurons despite a simultaneous increase in cerebral hemodynamics for energy supply. The reduction in intracellular ATP was also observed in response to local electrical stimulation for neuronal activation, whereas the hemodynamics were simultaneously enhanced. These observations indicate that cerebral energy metabolism may not always meet neuronal energy demands, consequently resulting in physiological fluctuations of intracellular ATP levels in neurons.
Context dependent effects of ascorbic acid treatment in TET2 mutant myeloid neoplasia
Authors: Guan Yihong , Greenberg Edward F. , Hasipek Metis , Chen Shi , Liu Xiaochen , Kerr Cassandra M. , Gackowski Daniel , Zarakowska Ewelina , Radivoyevitch Tomas , Gu Xiaorong , Willard Belinda , Visconte Valeria , Makishima Hideki , Nazha Aziz , Mukherji Mridul , Sekeres Mikkael A. , Saunthararajah Yogen , Oliński Ryszard , Xu Mingjiang , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. , Jha Babal K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLoss-of-function TET2 mutations (TET2MT) are common in myeloid neoplasia. TET2, a DNA dioxygenase, requires 2-oxoglutarate and Fe(II) to oxidize 5-methylcytosine. TET2MT thus result in hypermethylation and transcriptional repression. Ascorbic acid (AA) increases dioxygenase activity by facilitating Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox reaction and may alleviate some biological consequences of TET2MT by restoring dioxygenase activity. Here, we report the utility of AA in the prevention of TET2MT myeloid neoplasia (MN), clarify the mechanistic underpinning of the TET2-AA interactions, and demonstrate that the ability of AA to restore TET2 activity in cells depends on N- and C-terminal lysine acetylation and nature of TET2MT. Consequently, pharmacologic modulation of acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases may regulate TET dioxygenase-dependent AA effects. Thus, our study highlights the contribution of factors that may enhance or attenuate AA effects on TET2 and provides a rationale for novel therapeutic approaches including combinations of AA with class I/II HDAC inhibitor or sirtuin activators in TET2MT leukemia.
Ethik-Universität zur Regenerativen Medizin – ein
Instrument der fundierten Meinungsbildung für Laien?
Authors: Bossert Sabine , Werdecker Lena , Strech Daniel , Neitzke Gerald , Dierks Marie-Luise , Meyer Antje , Hirschberg Irene 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Dieser Beitrag berichtet über die
Ethik-Universität zur Regenerativen Medizin, die für
interessierte Erwachsene im Jahr 2016 an der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover
durchgeführt wurde. Er geht der Frage nach, wie sich die
Ethik-Universität auf Meinungsbildung und Ethikkompetenz der
Teilnehmenden ausgewirkt hat.
Methodik Die Ethik-Universität wurde zweimal mit je vier
aufeinanderfolgenden Veranstaltungstagen durchgeführt. Das Format
kombinierte Expertenvorträge mit interaktiven Lernstationen und
Diskursformaten. Meinungsbildung und Entwicklung des Informationsstands der
Teilnehmenden wurden mithilfe einer postalischen
Prä-/Post-Erhebung im Wartegruppendesign analysiert. In direkten
Veränderungsmessungen und anhand der Selbsteinschätzung der
Teilnehmenden wurden Unterschiede zwischen den Zeitpunkten vor und nach der
Ethik-Universitätsteilnahme verglichen. Ergänzend wurden Daten
aus Gruppendiskussionen während der Veranstaltungsreihe
inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Von den 168 Teilnehmenden beider Runden der
Ethik-Universität liegen insgesamt 101 vollständige
Prä-/Post-Fragebogensätze vor sowie 30 Fragebogenpaare
für die Wartekontrollgruppe. Für die Teilnehmenden zeigt sich
nach der Ethik-Universität durchweg ein höherer
Informationsstand (Veränderung zwischen 0,75 und 1,93 Punkten auf der
5-stufigen Skala). Zwischen 50,5 und 66,0% der Teilnehmenden gaben
für verschiedene Einstellungsfragen an, dass sich ihre Bewertung durch
die Ethik-Universität entweder positiv oder negativ verändert
habe. Im Durchschnitt veränderten sich die Bewertungen signifikant in
Richtung stärkerer Zustimmung (Veränderung zwischen 0,44 und 1,0
Punkten auf der 5-stufigen Skala). Für die Wartekontrollgruppe zeigten
sich keine Änderungen. Vorträge und Präsentationen,
Gespräche und Fragerunde mit Experten, Lern- und Mitmachstationen sowie
schriftliche Informationsmaterialien waren aus Sicht der Teilnehmenden die
Hauptquellen der Meinungsbildung. Aber auch die Interaktion mit anderen
Teilnehmenden in den Gruppendiskussionen und die Reflexion der eigenen Meinung
waren für sie bedeutsam.
Schlussfolgerung Die Daten weisen auf eine Entwicklung von Ethikkompetenz
sowie auf eine Förderung der Meinungsbildung durch die
Ethik-Universität hin. Bei der Weiterentwicklung des Konzepts der
Ethik-Universität sollten insbesondere die Rekrutierung einer
möglichst diversen Teilnehmergruppe sowie die Stärkung
interaktiver Elemente im Vordergrund stehen.
COVID-19 Coagulopathy with Superior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis Complicated by an Ischaemic Bowel
Authors: Fan Bingwen Eugene , Chang Cheng Chieh Ray , Teo Clarence Hai Yi , Yap Eng Soo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCOVID-19 coagulopathy is a hypercoagulable state which predisposes to venous, arterial and small vessel thrombosis. We describe a patient with COVID-19 who developed an acute superior mesenteric vein thrombosis with acute intestinal obstruction despite adequate anticoagulation.
The Quantose Insulin Resistance Test for Maternal Insulin Resistance: A Pilot Study
Authors: Eid Joe , Kechichian Talar , Benavides Elisa , Thibodeaux Lisa , Salazar Ashley E. , Saade George R. , Saad Antonio F. 
Published: September 2020

Objective Insulin resistance (IR) increases during pregnancy which can lead to hyperinsulinemia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and neonatal hypoglycemia (NH), especially in obese women. Glucose tolerance testing (GTT) is used clinically to evaluate IR in pregnancy. Quantose IR score index is a novel blood screen of IR validated in nonpregnant individuals. The score is generated using an algorithm that combines insulin and three biomarkers of fatty acid pathways (α-hydroxybutyrate, oleic acid, linoleoyl-glycerophospocholine). Our objective was to determine the validity of Quantose IR test (Metabolan Inc. Morrisville, NC) in assessing IR in pregnant obese women, as compared with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and its ability to predict GDM and NH.
Study Design Women between 100/7 and 136/7 weeks of gestation with a pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy body mass index more than 30 kg/m2, and no pregestational diabetes, were included. Fasting blood samples were collected at 100/7 to 136/7 (T1) and 240/7 to 280/7 (T2) weeks. Quantose IR and HOMA-IR were calculated. All women underwent an early (T1; indicated for women with obesity) and a T2 glucose tolerance tests. GDM was diagnosed using the two-step approach, and NH was defined as a neonatal glucose less than 40 mg/dL in the first 24 hours of life. Linear regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used for analysis.
Results The trial enrolled 100 patients. Ten subjects (10%) were diagnosed with GDM in the second trimester and none in the first trimester. At T1, Quantose IR (R2 = 0.48), but not 1-hour glucose tolerance test (R2 = 0.07), correlated with HOMA-IR. Similar correlations were observed at T2. The 1-hour glucose tolerance test followed by HOMA-IR and Quantose IR (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.82, 0.68, and 0.62, respectively) were predictors of GDM. Quantose IR (AUC: 0.74) and 1-hour glucose tolerance test (AUC: 0.72) at T1 and T2 (AUC: 0.75; AUC: 0.93; respectively) were best predictors of NH. The best cut offs, sensitivities, and specificities for prediction of NH were determined.
Conclusion Similar to nonpregnant individuals, Quantose IR appears to be a valid measure of IR in obese pregnant women. First trimester Quantose IR is a predictor of GDM diagnosed in the second trimester and NH. Given that it requires a single blood draw and no glucose challenge, it may be a useful test to evaluate and monitor IR in pregnancy. Our findings may be used as pilot data to explore the potential use of Quantose IR in pregnancy further.
Key Points
Inverse problems with inexact forward operator: iterative regularization and application in dynamic imaging
Authors: Blanke Stephanie E , Hahn Bernadette N , Wald Anne 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The classic regularization theory for solving inverse problems is built on the assumption that the forward operator perfectly represents the underlying physical model of the data acquisition. However, in many applications, for instance in microscopy or magnetic particle imaging, this is not the case. Another important example represent dynamic inverse problems, where changes of the searched-for quantity during data collection can be interpreted as model uncertainties. In this article, we propose a regularization strategy for linear inverse problems with inexact forward operator based on sequential subspace optimization methods (SESOP). In order to account for local modelling errors, we suggest to combine SESOP with the Kaczmarz’ method. We study convergence and regularization properties of the proposed method and discuss several practical realizations. Relevance and performance of our approach are evaluated at simulated data from dynamic computerized tomography with various dynamic scenarios.