bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ESCALATION OF CRISIS IN POLITICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: Kostetska Lidiia 
Published: July 2020

Transformational changes have been taking place in the political systems in many countries of the world over the last few decades. This issue arouses the great interest of scientists and researchers. In the article, I pay particular attention to the study of the “traditional” and “new” party systems and their role in the country’s contemporary political life. Given the challenge of the day, I see populism as a problem with its impact on democracy along with such issues as the role of populist parties and the citizens’ attitude to them; the analysis of problems developing in the political process, particularly, in parties and movements of the populist type; the formation and development of multi-party systems and democracy as a whole.Populism is considered in the article as a political ideology. This phenomenon is investigated as a component of the political parties’ activities, especially, of the Ukrainian parties. A comparative analysis of populist parties in the European Union and Ukraine has been carried out.I analyze the main factors of populism’s influence on the party-political system on the examples of the European countries and Ukraine. I also prove that populism has always occupied a special place in the implementation of programs of political leaders and parties. It is noted that populism remains the current day phenomenon of both the party-political system and the socio-economic life of the countries in the world. Having a considerable influence over the politics of the countries, where functioning of democratic institutions is relatively inexperienced, populism has a rather clear manifestation in the modern political space and the “old” democracies. There is a clear link between increasing populism and exacerbating socio-economic problems. The inability of the political establishment, including the democratic one, to respond effectively to new problems and challenges is an important factor contributing to the emergence and growth of populist influence.The in-depth analysis of the populist rhetorical and political effects on the development of modern democracy is particularly important, i. e. the margins between the reality and virtuality, truth and falsehood are leveling; facts lose their value; deconstruction of truth takes place; traditional ideologies are destroyed; moral relativism, hypocrisy and double standards are spreading out.
Nöropsikiyatrik Semptom Bilinirliği Üzerinden Sağlık Okur Yazarlığı
Authors: AY Rukiye , KILINÇEL Oğuzhan 
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Sağlık okur-yazarlığı; sağlığın korunması ve sürdürülmesi için bireyin sağlık bilgisine ulaşma, anlama ve kullanma becerisi olarak tanımlanır.Bu çalışmada, kişilerin psikiyatri ve nöroloji polikliniklerine başvurmakonusundaki bilgi düzeylerini ölçmek ve sosyodemografik verilerle ilişkisinideğerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmaya 2020 Mart ayında Sakarya ilinde merkezilçedeki aile hekimliği polikliniklerine başvuran 118 hasta dahil edildi. Buçalışma kesitsel tanımlayıcı tipte planlanmıştır. Aile hekimleri tarafındankatılımcılardan onay alındıktan sonra okur-yazar olan katılımcılara yazılıanket yöntemiyle, olmayanlara ise yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle uygulandı.Literatürdeki yayımlanmış sağlık okur-yazarlığı ölçme yöntemlerindenfaydalanılarak ankette sorulacak sorular belirlendi. Anket sorularının ilk 8tanesi sosyodemografik özelliklerle ilgili olup, sonraki 15 soruda hastanemizpsikiyatri ve nöroloji polikliniklerinde en sık rastlanılan 15 semptomsıralanarak “Bu semptomların varlığında psikiyatriye mi yoksa nörolojiye mibaşvurursunuz?” şeklinde iki seçenekli sorular soruldu. Ağlama, uykusuzluk,evham/endişe, isteksizlik, hayal görme, unutkanlık, sinirlilik, korkusemptomları “psikiyatrik semptomlar’’ olarak kabul edildi. Baş dönmesi,titreme, denge bozukluğu, baş ağrısı, konuşma bozukluğu semptomlarıvarlığında cevap olarak “nörolojik semptomlar” cevabı doğru seçenek olarakkabul edildi. Dikkat bozukluğu ve unutkanlık bölümlerin ortak semptomlarıolarak kabul edildi.Bulgular: Katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 37,45±11,31, %68,6'sı kadın, %53,4'üüniversite mezunu, %89,8 i şehirde yaşıyordu. Ağlama, evham, endişe,hayal görme, korku şikayeti olanların %90 dan fazlası psikiyatri bölümünebaşvuracağını belirtirken, Baş dönmesi, yürüme güçlüğü, baş ağrısıbelirtilerinin varlığında katılımcılar %90'nının üzerinde nöroloji seçeneğiniişaretledi. Çalışmamızda kadın cinsiyet, genç yaş, yüksek eğitim seviyesinesahip, şehirde yaşayan ve çalışan, kendisinde ve ailesinde psikiyatrikhastalık olan kişilerin nöropsikiyatrik semptom farkındalığı anlamlı şekildedaha yüksekti (p&lt;0,05).Tartışma: Sık karşılaşılan, kaybedilen zaman, yanlış tanı ve tedavi, dahafazla hastane başvurusu, daha fazla sağlık harcamasına sebep olan yanlışbölüme başvuru düşük sağlık okuryazarlığının bir sonucudur.
SOSIAL-RITUAL DAN SIMBOLIK-MISTIK PADA PAWON (Studi kasus: Arsitektur Kasepuhan Ciptagelar-Sukabumi)
Authors: Nuryanto Nuryanto 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena pawon yang sarat dengan fungsi sosial dan ritual dan erat hubungannya dengan makna simbolik-mistik. Tujuaan penelitian ini secara umum mendeskripsikan dan mengungkap fungsi dan makna pawon. Lokasi penelitian di kampung Kasepuhan Ciptagelar sebagai prototype masyarakat Sunda. Metode yang digunakannya adalah etno-arsitektur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pawon pada arsitektur rumah masyarakat Sunda memiliki dua dimensi penting: (1) Fungsi sosial; Sebagai wadah untuk aktivitas bersosialisasi para wanita, seperti: memasak, mengobrol, mendengarkan radio, menonton televisi, tiduran, menidurkan anak, serta mencari kutu. Maknanya terungkap dalam kalimat: "pawon jantungna imah, keur hirup jeung huripna manusa", artinya dapur merupakan pusatnya rumah bagi aktivitas hidup dan kehidupan penghuninya; (2) Fungsi ritual; Sebagai 'jembatan' penghubung komunikasi dengan para karuhun melalui sesajen dan mantera-mantera yang disimpan di dalam goah atau padaringan untuk memohon keselamatan dan berkah. Maknanya tersurat dalam kalimat: “pangeling-eling” artinya sebagai peringatan, apabila seseorang meninggal, maka arwahnya tinggal di pawon selama tujuh hari, kemudian pindah ke atas suhunan selama empat puluh hari. Oleh karena itu, anggota keluarga yang ditinggalkan harus mengiringinya dengan doa agar arwah segera diterima oleh Yang Maha Kuasa.
Asupan kafein dari kopi dan teh serta hubungannya dengan kepadatan tulang pada perempuan pascamenopause
Authors: Verinda Stella , Herwana Elly 
Published: July 2020

LATAR BELAKANGOsteoporosis merupakan kondisi patologis tulang dengan karakteristik bone mineral density (BMD) yang rendah disertai perubahan mikro-arsitektur jaringan tulang, sehingga meningkatkan risiko fraktur. Faktor risiko osteoporosis yaitu perempuan pascamenopause, genetik, indeks massa tubuh, aktivitas fisik, asupan gizi dan mineral, merokok, serta asupan alkohol, dan kafein. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efek kafein dari kopi dan teh terhadap kepadatan tulang pada perempuan pascamenoapuse.
METODEPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah perempuan pascamenopause yang berusia >40 tahun berjumlah 92 orang. Asupan kafein dinilai dari total asupan yang berasal dari kopi dan teh dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan wawancara. Perhitungan asupan total kafein diperhitungkan dengan penyetaraan asupan kopi dan teh per minggu. Kepadatan tulang dinilai menggunakan alat calcaneal quantitative ultrasound untuk menetukan nilai-T sebagai parameter osteoporosis. Subjek dikelompokkan sebagai kepadatan tulang normal (nilai-T≥-1), osteopenia (nilai-T antara -1 sampai -2.5) dan osteoporosis (nilai-T<-2.5) Analisis statistik dilakukan untuk menilai hubungan kedua variabel dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square.
HASILRerata (simpang baku) usia subjek adalah 57.84 ± 7.57. Sebanyak 26 (28.3%) subjek dengan kategori osteoporosis, 50 (54.3%) osteopenia, dan 16 (17.4%) normal. Asupan kafein didapatkan 69 subjek (75%) dengan kategori rendah dan 23 (25%) tinggi. Hasil analisis didapatkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan kafein dan kepadatan tulang (p=0.419; p>0.05).
KESIMPULANTidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan kafein dari kopi dan teh dengan kepadatan tulang pada perempuan pascamenopause.
Molecular characterization of metallo-beta-lactamase producers among carbapenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cases of hospital acquired infections in a tertiary care hospital, Bengaluru
Authors: Shankar Sathyanarayan Muthur , Sondakar Ashwini , Chunchanur Sneha K , Rangaiah Ambica 
Published: July 2020

: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important cause of multidrug-resistant nosocomial infections. The knowledge of resistance mechanisms in Pseudomonas is an important issue for antimicrobial treatment. Therefore, the objective was to detect carbapenems resistance in P. aeruginosa by phenotypic methods and genes (blaIMP and blaVIM) coding for carbapenemase resistance.The study conducted in the Department of Microbiology, BMCRI, Bengaluru. 91 samples from the patients hospitalised for 48 hours and more were processed. Carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa (CRPA) were identified by biochemical tests and by Kirby Bauer Disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Those carbapenem resistant isolates were further subjected to two MBL detecting phenotypic tests- Modified Hodge Test (MHT) and Combined disk Test (CDT) by using imipenem and imipenem/ EDTA disk and MBL genes (blaIMP and blaVIM) were identified by PCR.91 clinical isolates were identified as CRPA, 92.3% isolates were positive by CDT whereas only 13.2% of isolates showed positive by MHT method indicating MBL production. Among 91 strains, 19.04% strains were harbouring blaVIM and 1.2% strain harbouring blaIMP gene.The detection of MBL-producing P. aeruginosa help in appropriate antimicrobial therapy and avoid development and dissemination of these strains. Hence routine detection of MBL production in P. aeruginosa should be undertaken. All CRPA isolates should be routinely screened for MBL production using CDT and positive isolates should be confirmed by PCR. MHT test had low sensitivity. To understand the epidemiology, there is a need of genetic analysis and typing of MBL enzymes.
Application Analysis of Electrical Automation in Electromechanical Engineering
Authors: Wang An 
Published: July 2020

<p>With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, China's electrical automation technology has continuously overcome difficulties and made great progress. Electrical automation plays an important role in electromechanical engineering and is widely used. At present, remote control and management of the system are especially needed, which can be achieved by electrical automation. At the same time, electrical automation can also improve the working efficiency of equipment and effectively guarantee the safety of the project. This paper analyzes the application and development of electrical automation.</p>
ESTUDO DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO ARAÚJO DE SÃO JOSÉ-SC
Authors: Aparecida Souza dos Reis Izamara Mariana , Saul Prisca , Henkes Jairo Afonso 
Published: July 2020

O sistema de abastecimento público é um serviço essencial de saneamento para a proteção da vida e da saúde das pessoas em áreas urbanas , para garantir o abastecimento de uma cidade ,ter um manancial para fazer a captação da água ,é fundamental, sendo que, a qualidade da água da bacia hidrográfica de contribuição influencia diretamente na qualidade da água. De acordo com a Lei Federal nº 9.433, de 8 de janeiro de 1997 que institui a Política Nacional dos Recursos Hídricos, a bacia hidrográfica é considerada como unidade de estudo de interação entre a rede de drenagem e as populações locais. Neste contexto, esse trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a bacia hidrográfica do rio Araújo, localizado no município de São José no Estado Santa Catarina, através de sua caracterização morfológica, de suas relações com uso e ocupação de solo da bacia para entender as várias questões relacionadas a essa bacia. A metodologia usada foi de revisão bibliográfica.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy: bilateral approach
Authors: Brandolini Jury 
Published: July 2020

Aim: The advantages and feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in the surgical management of early resectable thymoma and thymic hyperplasia have largely been described and adopted in many thoracic surgery units. In order to allow for resection of all immunogenic thymic cells in patients with myasthenia gravis, surgical removal of the whole thymus gland including perithymic and pericardiophrenic fatty tissue becomes imperative. It is also important to achieve radical resection and excision in cases of thymoma.
Methods: Numerous technical variations of VATS thymectomy have been reported in literature. In this study, the surgical technique of a minimally invasive, extended thymectomy through a bilateral approach is illustrated with key features highlighted.
Results: In our experience, no conversion to the open transternal approach, surgical mortality or major complications were observed; the median length of hospital stay was 3 days.
Conclusion: Bilateral video-assisted extended thymectomy is an effective, safe and well-tolerated approach, with surgical benefits and clinical outcomes similar to other thoracoscopic techniques.
The Representation of Women’s Role and Position in Taqrib Book: A Discourse Analysis Study
Authors: Gojali Dudang , Abdurrohim Nandang , Ali Hapid 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article aims at analyzing woman’s role and position in a book of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh book). It focuses on the discussion of women’s position in domestic and public sphere as written in the fiqh book titled Taqrib. It also explores the relevance of the Taqrib’s contents on women’s role and position in the social context by probing its readers’ awareness. In this qualitative study, the discourse analysis method is used to examine the contents of the book and the context of readers, i.e. prominent teachers of Islamic boarding school (kyai). Although women’s role and position was depicted subordinate to men in several cases of fiqh reasoning (e.g. the authority of father and grandfather in determining marriage for their daughter, the superiority of men over women in being a judge, and so forth) in the Taqrib book, Some kyai were aware of the women’s role and position in the social life equally. Hence, they maintain that the women’s role and position in the domestic and public environment should be recognized. This study thus emphasizes the need to re-read the fiqh reasoning on women’s role and position contextually. Keywords: woman's role and position, fiqh, Taqrib book.
Study of Hydrate Anti-Agglomerant Dosage Effectiveness in a High-Pressure Stirred Autoclave Equipped with Particle-Analysis Probes
Authors: Salmin Davi Costa , Majid Ahmad A. A. , Wells Jonathan , Estanga Douglas , Rivero Mayela , Wu David T. , Zerpa Luis E. , Koh Carolyn A. 
Published: July 2020

Summary
Hydrates present a major flow-assurance problem because of the relatively fast timescales at which they can form, grow, agglomerate, and plug a flowline. Thermodynamic inhibitors (THIs) are a common chemical strategy for preventing hydrate formation. However, THIs can be cost prohibitive because the water content (WC) in the flowline and the seawater depth increase. Among the alternative hydrate-management strategies, there is the use of anti-agglomerants (AAs), which are active at considerably lower concentrations than THIs. AAs prevent agglomeration and allow hydrates to flow as a noninteracting slurry in subsea oil flowlines. The selection of the correct AA dosage is critical for safe and economical AA application. This work uses one model oil and two crude oils to study hydrate agglomeration in the presence of a commercial AA in a laboratory-scale autoclave equipped with particle-characterization devices. Despite known limitations, the particle-sizing probes used here provided unique insight into the hydrate-agglomeration process occurring at high pressure in crude oil systems, enabling the identification of different characteristics of a hydrate slurry based on the AA concentration and the oil phase used. For example, the droplet size before hydrate formation was a poor indicator of AA performance for the AA and oils tested. Systems with similar droplet size before hydrate formation yielded significantly different hydrate-agglomerate sizes. Similarly, increased or decreased emulsion stability did not show any correlation to AA performance. The effective AA dosage was observed to be lower for model oil systems compared with crude oil systems, which provided insight into using model oils to evaluate AA performance vs. crude oils. Results also indicated that when an effective AA dosage is applied, hydrate-agglomerate size was similar for all oil phases tested. Further parameters need to be taken into account such as impeller geometry, pressure, temperature, and WC, which may influence AA performance.
The Impact of an Inpatient Treatment on the Psychodynamic and Symptomatology in Couples Concordant for Substance Use: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Hansen Aksel , Brokatzky Stefan , Kraus Benjamin , Thomas Kai , Sternbauer Christina , Rudaz Myriam , Dammann Gerhard 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Much literature deals with patients who use drugs and have partners who are drug-free. However, concordant couples, in which both partners are consuming drugs, are sparsely examined in the literature. This might be due to the fact, that couples are rarely treated together in healthcare services. Despite that fact we propose that it is feasible and clinically meaningful to treat concordant couples in the same ward. Consequently, this study pursues the goal to expand the body of knowledge in the treatment of concordant couples investigating the research question: is it feasible, clinically and prognostically meaningful to treat these patients in the same ward? Method: This exploratory study included five concordant couples (ten patients), which were simultaneously treated between August 2013 and November 2014 in a specialised substance use ward at the Psychiatric Hospital Münsterlingen, Switzerland. All patients passed through a psychodynamic characterisation based on the OPD-II interview and the Structured Interview for Personality Organization. Symptom load was measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory at admission and termination of treatment. We calculated comparisons at the individual level using t-tests for paired samples. Results: We showed that it is feasible and clinically meaningful to treat couples concordant for substance use in the same ward. The psychodynamic characterization of the five concordant couples revealed recurring patterns of collusion, involving divided roles between dependence and independence, caregiving and neediness, activity and passivity, control and submission, strength and deficiency as well as superiority and inferiority. The patients didn´t change significantly on the BSI between pre- to post-treatment, although men (d = 1.64) benefited to a greater extent than women (d = 0.10). Conclusion: Treating concordant couples together in the same inpatient setting is unusual, but feasible and clinically useful, because it makes it possible to take into account the couples dynamics in the treatment.
Tiotropium/Olodaterol Reduce Cigarette Smoking Extract-induced Cell Death in BEAS-2B Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Authors: Chen Cheng-Hsiung , Li Yi-Rong , Lin Sheng-Hao , Chang Hsiu-Hui , Chai Woei-Horng , Chan Po-Chiang , Lin Ching-Hsiung 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: COPD is characterized by progressive irreversible airflow limitation. Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for destruction of lung parenchyma or emphysema. Disruption of epithelial layer integrity may contribute to lung injury in response to CS exposure. Tiotropium/Olodaterol act as bronchodilator to treatment COPD by preventing ASM contraction and muscle relaxation; however, the effect of dual bronchodilator on epithelial cell injury and its underlying mechanism is still unclear. Methods: In this study, we aim to evaluate the effect of Tiotropium/Olodaterol on CSE-mediate cell death, with a special focus on autophagy. In this study, we investigated the effects of Tiotropium/Olodaterol on cell viability, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP; Δφm), and autophagy in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells. Results: Tiotropium/olodaterol significantly inhibit CSE-induce cell death, mitochondria dysfunction and autophagy in response to short-term treatment with CSE. Moreover, decrease in ERK and JNK activation after CSE treatment were reversed by Tiotropium/olodaterol treatment. Conclusions: Tiotropium/olodaterol have protective effect against CSE-induced cell death which may related to induction of autophagy via activating ERK and JNK. In this study, we provide a possible novel mechanism for dual-bronchodilator in COPD treatment.
Developing and Testing the Effectiveness of a Novel Online Integrated Treatment for Problem Gambling and Tobacco Smoking: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bilevicius Elena , Single Alanna , Baumgartner Chris , Bui Van , Kempe Tyler , Schaub Michael , Stewart Sherry , MacKillop James , Hodgins David , Wardell Jeffrey , O'Connor Roisin , Read Jennifer , Hadjistavropoulos Heather , Sundstrom Christopher , Keough Matt 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Gambling and tobacco smoking are highly comorbid among North American adults. However, there is a paucity of treatment options that are integrated (i.e., targeting both gambling and tobacco smoking simultaneously), accessible, and evidence based.Methods: The aim of this two-arm randomized controlled trial is to examine the effectiveness of an online, self-guided integrated treatment for problem gambling and tobacco smoking. A target sample of 214 participants will be recruited and be randomized into either an eight-week integrated or gambling-only control condition. Both conditions will consist of seven online modules following cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing principles. Our three primary outcomes are (1) number of days gambled, (2) money spent on gambling activities, and (3) time spent in gambling activities. Secondary outcomes include gambling disorder symptoms, cigarette use, and nicotine dependence symptoms. Assessments will be completed at baseline, at completion (i.e., eight-weeks from baseline), and follow-up (i.e., 24-weeks from baseline). Generalized linear mixed modelling will be used to evaluate our primary and secondary outcomes. We expect that participants receiving online integrated treatment will show larger reductions in gambling relative to those receiving a control gambling only intervention. We further hypothesize that reductions in smoking will mediate these group differences.Discussion: The rates of problem gambling and tobacco smoking are high in North America; yet, the treatment options for both are limited, with no integrated treatments available. If supported, our intervention will be a cost-effective and accessible way to improve treatments for co-occurring problem gambling and tobacco use.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov; ID NCT03614884. Registered August 3, 2019;