bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE AND CILNIDIPINE
Authors: MINAL R. GHANTE  , ATASHA AKHADE  , PREETI GOTA  , ATUL NIKAM  , SUPRIYA JAGTAP  , VANDANA NIKAM  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The proposed method describes method development and validation of nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine in combined pharmaceutical tablet dosage form by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) having adequate specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility.
Methods: Nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine drug combination is used for the treatment of hypertension. Precoated aluminum plates with silica gel 60 F254 (E-Merck, Germany) were used for the chromatographic separation which was carried using chloroform:glacial acetic acid:methanol, in 8.5:1:0.5 (v/v/v) as a mobile phase. HPTLC separation of two drugs was carried by densitometric measurement at 270 nm.
Reults: The drugs were satisfactorily resolved with retardation factor values of 0.0.29±0.008 and 0.69±0.007 for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. The method was found to be linear in the range of 100–1000 ng/spot and 50–500 ng/spot for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. The correlation coefficient was found to be 0.989 and 0.996 for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were 16.395 ng/band and 49.681 ng/band and 31.788ng/band and 96.328 ng/band, respectively. The mean recovery was found to be 100.570–101.936 and 100.269–101.333 for nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine, respectively. The intra- and inter-day precision was found to be within the limit.
Conclusion: A simple, accurate, precise, and sensitive HPTLC method has been developed and validated in combined pharmaceutical tablet dosage form for simultaneous estimation of nebivolol hydrochloride and cilnidipine.
NEUROPROTECTIVE AND COGNITIVE ENHANCING EFFECT OF METHANOLIC MORUS ALBA LEAF FRACTION IN U87MG CELL LINES AND EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL
Authors: ANJALI RAJ  , SUMIT DEY  , SUBBA RAO VENKATA MADHUNAPANTULA  , MANJULA SN  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of methanol fraction of Morus alba (MEMA) leaves against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced U87MG cell toxicity and aluminum fluoride (ALF)-induced rat toxicity.
Methods: The study was divided into in vitro and in vivo sections. U87MG cell lines were pre-treated with different fractions of MEMA for 20 h and further tested against 1000 ϻM of H2O2. The best fraction from in vitro studies was used to study the protective effects against ALF-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were divided i nto five different groups, and MEMA (200 and 400 mg/kg p.o) was administered for 14 days to the animals with α-tocopherol as the standard drug treatment. Behavioral studies were assessed using Barnes maze. The major biochemical measurements included catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) levels.
Results: In vitro studies indicated MEMA as a potential candidate followed by AQMA and ethyl acetate. The MEMA fraction was able to ameliorate ALF-induced neurotoxicity in the behavioral assessment. The higher antioxidant content in the fraction decreased the LPO levels from 250±4.07 to 115±3.22 as well as elevated the levels of most of the endogenous antioxidant enzyme levels. AchE levels were also decreased to 33.89±0.71 from 38.94±0.64.
Conclusion: Although the results obtained indicate that MEMA could significantly suppress oxidative stress-induced central neuronal damage both in vitro and in vivo, further mechanistic studies are required to delineate its neuroprotective pathway.
QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH TO STABILITY-INDICATING REVERSE-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD DEVELOPMENT, OPTIMIZATION, AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF SIMEPREVIR IN BULK DRUG
Authors: VANITHA C  , SATYANARAYANA SV  , BHASKAR REDDY K  
Published: October 2019

Objective: A simple, robust, precise, and selective stability-indicating liquid chromatography (LC) method (reverse-phase high-performance LC) was developed for the estimation of simeprevir through quality by design paradigm.
Methods: The chromatographic separation was performed on Water’s 2695(Alliance) equipped with a photodiode array detector at 300 nm. The method was developed on Discovery C18 column (250×4.6, 5 mm) using orthophosphoric acid and acetonitrile (55:45 % v/v) with the flow rate of 1 ml/min at 30°C. The degradation studies of simeprevir were carried out under the stress conditions of hydrolysis (acid, base, and neutral), oxidation, photolytic, and thermal as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The peroxide hydrolysis shows more critical impurities which were well resolved from pure drug with the application of design of experiment and optimized the method.
Results: Independent variables (critical analytical attributes) selected for the method optimization were mobile phase ratio, flow rate, and temperature of the column based on the risk assessment. The retention time and resolution were selected as the method response. In response surface method, the central composite design and 23 factorial designs were employed for the optimization of the method. The polynomial equation was derived for the estimation of method response.
Conclusion: The method was optimized for better resolution among the drug, and impurity peaks were then validated as per the ICH parameters.
EVALUATION OF GRAPE SEED EXTRACT (VITIS VINIFERA) AS A CROSSLINKER ON THE STABILITY OF DENTINE COLLAGEN IN TOTAL-ETCH ADHESIVE SYSTEMS: AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: D DENNIS  , FENIKA MAITARI  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The bond strength between resin and dentine is determined by the integrity of collagen, dentine, and resin monomers. The susceptibility of the dentine bond results from the instability of the bonding structure that adheres to the bonding material. This can be achieved using collagen cross-linker, synthetically and naturally in dentine substrates which are effective in protecting collagen fibrils from degradation, as proanthrocyanidin. The aim of this study was to see the effect of grape seed extract as a crosslinker on the stability of dentine collagen and see the differences between groups.
Methods: This study used 27 fresh premolars or third molars which were divided into three Groups, namely Group I giving grape seed extract 6.5%, Group II giving chlorhexidine 2%, and Group III only giving bonding ingredients. Samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy with ×1000 magnification.
Results: Data were analyzed using kappa statistic, Kruskal–Wallis, and Mann–Whitney. The result of the study significant differences between treatment groups (p<0.05) and the 2% chlorhexidine group showed the highest value compared to the grape seed extract group and without treatment.
Conclusion: Grape seed extract can be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine as a crosslinker to maintain bone strength of the composite restoration.
LOW-FLOW ANESTHESIA TECHNIQUE REDUCES EMERGENCE AGITATION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS UNDERWENT GENERAL ANESTHESIA
Authors: CHRISTOPHER RYALINO  , TJOKORDA GDE AGUNG SENAPATHI  , ADINDA PUTRA PRADHANA  , ANDRIAN YADIKUSUMO  
Published: October 2019

Objectives: This study was designed to see the risk factors that contribute to emergence agitation (EA) and also to know the effectiveness of low-flow (LF) anesthesia technique in EA in pediatric patients.
Methods: A total of 200 pediatric patients aged 6 months–6 years underwent surgery with general anesthesia were divided into two groups. The high-flow (HF) group was maintained with 5 l fresh gas flow (FGF), and the LF group was maintained with 500 ml FGF. The outcome was measured after the surgery was completed on Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability and pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium (PAED) scores. Agitation defined in PAED score ≥10, and no agitation defined in PAED score <10.
Results: EA incidence in the HF group was higher compared to the LF group (59.5 vs. 4.7%, p<0.001). HF anesthesia technique was a single risk factor for agitation event, whereas LF anesthesia may prevent EA incidence until up to 92.7%.
Conclusion: LF anesthesia reduced agitation incidences. The effectiveness of LF was 92.7% in reducing the incidence of agitation. HF anesthesia was the main risk factor for agitation incidences.
F FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF CARBOPOL-INCORPORATED THERMOREVERSIBLE GELS OF PSEUDOEPHEDRINE FOR RECTAL DRUG DELIVERY
Authors: FIROZ S  , PADMINI K  , PADMASREE K  , SRAVANI N  , HEMALATHA A  , VENNELARANI Y  
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The present study describes the preparation and evaluation of a Poloxamer 188 (P188)-based thermoreversible gel using Carbopol 934P (C934P) as a mucoadhesive polymer of pseudoephedrine for enhancing the bioavailability and to avoid the first-pass metabolism.
Materials and Methods: Five formulations (F1-F5) were prepared using cold method. The prepared gels were characterized by pH, drug content, spreadability, mucoadhesive force, gelation temperature, and drug release profile. Thermoreversibility of P188/C934P gel was demonstrated by rheological studies. The drug-polymer compatibility was studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR).
Results: The incorporation of carbopol into P188 gel also reduced the amounts of drug released from the gel formulations. FT-IR studies revealed that there are no interactions between the drug and polymers. Drug content of gels was estimated and the results were found to be satisfactory. In vitro dissolution studies revealed a good drug release from the gels. The drug release was higher in formulations F4 and F5 and lower in F1, F2, and F3 formulations. The order of drug release was found to be F5>F4>F3>F2>F1.
Conclusion: These findings suggested that developed thermoreversible gels could be used as promising dosage forms to rectal drug delivery for prolonged periods in the management of hemorrhoids.
DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, MOLECULAR DOCKING, AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PYRAZOLE 1-CARBOTHIAMIDE INCORPORATED ISOXAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Authors: RADHIKA TUMMA  , HARINADHA BABU VAMARAJU  
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Novel isoxazole incorporated pyrazole carbothiamide 5 (a-r) was designed and synthesized, docked and evaluated for anticancer activity Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7), and breast cancer cell lines.
Materials and Methods: Designed compounds were synthesized by the condensation of 1-(5-methyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl) isoxazole-4-yl) -3-(substitutedphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (4) with thiosemicarbazides and substituted thiosemicarbazides to give the target molecules 5 (a-r). To predict the affinity and activity of the ligand molecule, the docking program Accelrys Discovery Studio 2.1 was employed to generate different bioactive binding poses of designing molecules at the active site of human Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) (PDB ID: 1KMS). All the synthesized compounds were characterized based on the spectral and elemental analysis data. Antiproliferative activity was performed against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines.
Results: All the synthesized compounds showed the characteristic peaks in Fourier-transform infrared,1H C13NMR, and mass spectral analysis. During docking, all the synthesized compounds 5 (a-r) exhibited higher fitness scores with minimum three bonding interaction with the active site human DHFR (PDB ID: 1KMS). In the MTT assay based on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, most of the compounds exhibited significant activity. In the antiproliferative assay against MCF-7 cell lines, most of the compounds exhibited potent activity with IC50 values in micromolar concentrations. Compounds 5a, 5b, 5f, 5h, and 5k have exhibited significant anticancer activity.
Conclusions: The derivatives were synthesized in quantitative yields. New derivatives possess the antiproliferative activity and antitubercular activity.
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF LITSEA CUBEBA ESSENTIAL OIL HARVESTED FROM ARUNACHAL PRADESH, INDIA AND ESTIMATION OF MOSQUITO REPELLENT ACTIVITY WITH REFERENCE TO NETWORK ANALYSIS
Authors: NAYANMONI BORUAH  , SUDARSHANA BORAH  , PRIYANKA SARKAR  , HEMANTA KUMAR SHARMA  
Published: October 2019

Objective: Litsea cubeba is a medicinal plant indigenous to Southeastern Asia. The fruit of the plant is rich in essential oil. A study has been carried out to investigate on the chemical composition of essential oil of the plant harvested from Arunachal Pradesh and to find out its mosquito repellent activity.
Methods: The essential oil has been isolated from the fresh fruits by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Compound-compound network analysis was carried out in SPSS software (IBM SPSS Statistics 20) followed by the construction of the network using Cytoscape 3.5.0. Mosquito repellent study was carried out using standard procedure.
Results: Citronellal (17.32%), citronellol (13.85%), nimbiol (9.35%), and myrcenol (7.40%) were the major constituents of the essential oil and the essential oil illustrated 3 h mosquito repellent activity against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Conclusion: From this investigation, a significant difference could be observed in the essential oil composition from the previously reported data of other regional areas of Asia, and furthermore, the essential oil possesses significant mosquito repellent activity.
INVESTIGATION ON DISSOLUTION PATTERN AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF DRUG RELEASE OF QUERCETIN BY COMPLEXATION WITH CYCLODEXTRIN NANOSPONGES
Authors: SOBITHARANI P  , ANANDAM S  , MOHAN VARMA M  , VIJAYA RATNA J  , SHAILAJA P  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the release pattern of a poorly water-soluble drug quercetin (QU) by fabricating its cyclodextrin nanosponges.
Methods: Characterization of the original QU powder and QU-loaded nanosponges was carried out by the Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dissolution tester. The drug release pattern was subjected to various kinetic models.
Results: FTIR studies confirmed the formation of inclusion complex of drug. The particle size analysis revealed that the average particle size measured by laser light scattering method is around 400–420 nm with low polydispersity index. The particle size distribution is unimodal and having a narrow range. A sufficiently high zeta potential indicates that the complexes would be stable and the tendency to agglomerate would be miniscule. TEM image revealed the porous nature of nanosponges. The dissolution of the QU nanosponges was significantly higher compared with the pure drug.
Conclusion: From the kinetic study, it is apparent that the regression coefficient value closer to unity in case of Korsmeyer-Peppas model indicates that the drug release exponentially to the elapsed time. n value obtained from the Korsmeyer-Peppas plots, i.e., 0.9911 indicating non-Fickian (anomalous) transport ; thus, it projected that delivered its active ingredient by coupled diffusion and erosion.
SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF DISPIROPYRROLIDINES CONTAINING 2-THIOXOTHIAZOLIDIN-4-ONE NUCLEUS
Authors: SIVAGNANAM JAYASURIYA  , THALIGAI SUBRAMANIAN MALAVIZHI  , STEPHENKUMAR CELESTINA  , KAVERI SUNDARAM  
Published: October 2019

Objective: Spiro compounds are present in nature, endowed with deep biological activities. Heterocyclic compounds with a pyrrolidine scaffold are one of the paradigms of organic chemistry that exhibits a wide variety of properties and biological functions. Based on these, seven dispiropyrrolidines have been accomplished by [3+2] cycloaddition reaction from acenaphthenequinone and sarcosine with several dipolaro files such as substituted 5-benzylidene-2-thioxothiazolidin-4-ones.
Methods: Cycloadducts 4a-g were prepared by conventional method and the structures of the compounds 4a-g were completely characterized by infrared, 1H, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data, and elemental analysis. The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was carried out by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.
Results: The dispiropyrrolidines 4a-g were showed a moderate-to-good cytotoxic activity against human cervical cancer lines. Among all the synthesized compounds, 4d was found to be more potent with human cervical cancer line with an half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 5.5 μM.
Conclusion: The synthesized compound 4d found to be an excellent activity which is nearly closed to reference drug gemcitabine with an IC50 value of 4.6 μM.
PROTECTIVE ROLE OF PTEROSTILBENE ON PLASMA AND TISSUE GLYCOPROTEIN COMPONENTS IN HIGH-FAT DIET-FED AND STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED TYPE 2 DIABETIC MICE
Authors: GUNASEELAN THANGASAMY  , LEELAVINOTHAN PARI  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of pterostilbene (PTS), on deranged plasma and tissue glycoprotein components in high-fat-diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice.
Methods: The experimental duration was 16 weeks. The C57BL6/J mice were fed a normal diet, normal diet with PTS, HFD, and STZ injection (10th week only), and diabetic mice with PTS for the past 6 weeks.
Results: A significant increase in glycoprotein components such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose, and sialic acid (SA) in plasma was observed in diabetic mice. In hepatic and renal tissues, a significant decrease in SA with an increase in other glycoprotein components was detected in diabetic mice when compared with control mice. Oral administration of PTS significantly improved the glycoprotein levels in plasma and tissues of diabetic mice to near normal level.
Conclusion: In this study, we resolved that PTS improves disturbed glycoprotein metabolism in HFD and STZ-induced type 2 diabetic mice.
Evaluación del engagement en trabajadores de la salud en Uruguay a través de la escala Utrecht de engagement en el trabajo (UWES)
Authors: Gómez Garbero Lucía , Labarthe Javier , Ferreira-Umpiérrez Augusto , Chiminelli-Tomás Virginia 
Published: October 2019

El objetivo principal de este estudio fue examinar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español de la escala Utrecht de engagementen el trabajo (UWES) en su versión de 17 ítems para la evaluación de trabajadores de la salud en Uruguay. La muestra se compuso de 1324 trabajadores de ambos sexos (63.7% de mujeres) de diferentes instituciones de salud, públicas (45.7%) y privadas (54.3%), de Montevideo y del interior del país (64.4% y 35.6% respectivamente). Los análisis de consistencia interna, mediante coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, revelan niveles satisfactorios de consistencia interna de la escala total y los tres factores, y refuerzan la evidencia de debilidad de dos ítems de la escala. Los análisis de estructura factorial a partir de un análisis factorial confirmatorio, muestran el ajuste medianamente aceptable del modelo trifactorial a los datos, aunque los elevados índices de correlación entre los factores latentes indican que un modelo unifactorial también podría ser aceptable. La evidencia de este estudio sugiere que la versión en español del UWES-17 puede ser un instrumento válido y confiable para la medición del compromiso y sus tres factores en los trabajadores de salud en Uruguay.
OBJECTIFICATION OF MENTAL DISORDERS USING SPECIAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN THE SYSTEM OF MONITORING THE MENTAL HEALTH OF SERVICEMEN
Authors: Tarumov D. A. , Marchenko A. A. , Trufanov A. G. , Romanov G. G. , Lobachev A. V. , Mavrenkov E. M. , Iskhakov D. N. , Zheleznyak I. S. , Shamrey V. K. , Trufanov G. E. , Fisun A. Ya. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction. Alcoholism and opioid addiction are the leading problems of modern narcology and together with adaptation disorders create a significant contribution to dismission from the ranks of the Armed Forces. Identifying the latent forms of mental disorders is of particular importance for making expert decisions at invoking. Special MRI techniques allow to evaluate the functional and microstructural connectivity of distant parts of the brain.Materials and methods. With the application of functional MRI and tractography, 405 patients were examined from the potential conscription pool: 76 patients with alcohol dependence syndrome, 170 with opioid dependence syndrome, and 9 with adaptation disorders. In patients suffering from adaptation disorders, opioid dependence and alcoholism, an analysis of the neural network of the passive mode of the brain was performed.Results. There was established, comparing to the control group, all the patients suffering from addiction demonstrated a weakening of the functional connections of all brain structures. Compared with the control group, the patients with drug addiction and alcoholism had microstructural deformation between the cortical and subcortical structures, especially between the amygdala and the hippocampus. The weakening of functional and microstructural links in the network of the passive mode of the brain in groups of drug addicts indicates that they have violated the processes of control, thinking and the correct decision making. In case of adaptation disorders, integral bilateral differences in terms of global and local node efficiency between groups of patients with adaptation disorder and healthy individuals showed a higher significance of the network of passive mode of the brain in the system of mutual functional connectivity of the posterior cingulate cortex and preclinical. The data obtained create the basis for the creation of biomarkers for patients suffering from mental disorders, which can be used to examine, guide and evaluate the treatment of this pathology.
DYNAMIC BRAIN MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF DROWNING VICTIUM WITH HYPOXIC DAMAGE
Authors: Andropova P. L. , Popov P. A. , Gavrilov P. V. 
Published: October 2019

In most countries, drowning is one of the three leading causes of children’s death from 5 and 14 years of age, and the most common cause with children under the age of 4 [1–3]. Drowning makes 7% of all fatal accidents involving similar types of brain damage among all age groups worldwide.The aim. To show the importance of brain magnetic resonance studies of a patient with hypoxic-ischemic lesion during the acute period. An attempt to predict the outcome after global brain hypoxia in a little boy.Materials and methods. A 2-year-old boy was examined with a dynamic brain MRI after drowning.Results. Brain MRI made 30 minutes later after drowning showed bilateral matter hyperintensity from the parietal lobes, posterior frontal lobes, hippocampus, right lenticular nucleus, ventral tegmentum of the brainstem on the diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). A lower diffusion coefficient on Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps reveals intracellular (cytotoxic) edema caused by acute hypoxic damage. At follow-up after 15 days — T2-weighted image shows white matter hyperintensity. The expansion of the ventricular system, the subarachnoid space of the large hemispheres reflects diffuse cerebral atrophy.Conclusion. Physicians need revealing the vastness of hypoxic brain damage and reliable criteria to predict the outcome of the disease. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging provides a sensitive measure of cerebral hypoxia and provides a reliable prediction of the outcome of drowning.