bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical subspace algorithms for solving the tensor equations involving Einstein product
Authors: Huang Baohua , Li Wen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this article, we propose some subspace methods such as the conjugate residual, generalized conjugate residual, biconjugate gradient, conjugate gradient squared and biconjugate gradient stabilized methods based on the tensor forms for solving the tensor equation involving the Einstein product. These proposed algorithms keep the tensor structure. The convergence analysis shows that the proposed methods converge to the solution of the tensor equation for any initial value. Some numerical results confirm the feasibility and applicability of the proposed algorithms in practice.
Molecular Profiling of Exceptional Responders to Cancer Therapy
Authors: Bilusic Marijo , Girardi Daniel , Zhou Yan , Jung Kyungsuk , Pei Jianming , Slifker Michael , Chen Qingrong , Meerzaman Daoud , Alpaugh Katherine , Young Denise , Flieder Douglas , Gray Phillip , Plimack Elizabeth 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe vast majority of metastatic cancers cannot be cured. Palliative treatment may relieve disease symptoms by stopping or slowing cancer growth and may prolong patients’ lives, but almost all patients will inevitably develop disease progression after initial response. However, for reasons that are not fully understood, a very few patients will have extraordinary durable responses to standard anticancer treatments.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed exceptional responders treated at Fox Chase Cancer Center between September 2009 and November 2017. An exceptional response was defined as a complete response lasting more than 1 year or a partial response or stable disease for more than 2 years. Tumor samples were analyzed using an Ambry Genetics test kit with a 142-gene panel. Messenger RNA expression was evaluated using NanoString's nCounter PanCancer Pathways Panel and Immune Profiling Panel and compared with matched controls for gender, age, and cancer type.ResultsTwenty-six exceptional responders with metastatic bladder, kidney, breast, lung, ovarian, uterine, and colon cancers were enrolled. Mutations were identified in 45 genes. The most common mutation was an EPHA5 nonsynonymous mutation detected in 87.5% of patients. Mutations in DNA damage repair pathway genes were also frequent, suggesting increased genome instability. We also found varying expression of 73 genes in the Pathways panel and 85 genes in the Immune Profiling panel, many of them responsible for improvement in tumor recognition and antitumor immune response.ConclusionsThe genomic instability detected in our exceptional responders, plus treatment with DNA damage compounds combined with favorable anticancer immunity, may have contributed to exceptional responses to standard anticancer therapies in the patients studied.Implications for PracticeWith recent advances in the treatment of cancer, there is increased emphasis on the importance of identifying molecular markers to predict treatment outcomes, thereby allowing precision oncology. In this study, it was hypothesized that there is a “specific biologic signature” in the biology of the cancer in long-term survivors that allows sensitivity to systemic therapy and durability of response. Results showed that DNA damage repair pathway alterations, combined with favorable anticancer immunity, may have contributed to exceptional responses. It is very likely that an in-depth examination of outlier responses will become a standard component of drug development in the future.
Cancer in Lockdown: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Cancer
Authors: Moraliyage Harsha , De Silva Daswin , Ranasinghe Weranja , Adikari Achini , Alahakoon Damminda , Prasad Raj , Lawrentschuk Nathan , Bolton Damien 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The lockdown measures of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic have disengaged patients with cancer from formal health care settings, leading to an increased use of social media platforms to address unmet needs and expectations. Although remote health technologies have addressed some of the medical needs, the emotional and mental well-being of these patients remain underexplored and underreported. We used a validated artificial intelligence framework to conduct a comprehensive real-time analysis of two data sets of 2,469,822 tweets and 21,800 discussions by patients with cancer during this pandemic. Lung and breast cancer are most prominently discussed, and the most concerns were expressed regarding delayed diagnosis, cancellations, missed treatments, and weakened immunity. All patients expressed significant negative sentiment, with fear being the predominant emotion. Even as some lockdown measures ease, it is crucial that patients with cancer are engaged using social media platforms for real-time identification of issues and the provision of informational and emotional support.
Revisiting the photochemistry 2,5‐dihydroxy benzoic acid (gentisic acid): Solvent and pH effect
Authors: Adhikari Meena , Joshi Neeraj K. , Joshi Hem C. , Mehata Mohan S. , Mishra Hirdyesh , Pant Sanjay 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the present study, we have reinvestigated photochemistry of 2,5‐dihydroxy benzoic acid (DHBA) in a series of organic solvents of different polarities and the aqueous solution of varying pH from 1 to 14. The investigation was carried out using steady‐state and nanosecond (ns) time‐domain fluorescence measurement techniques at room temperature. Some hitherto not explored spectral features with new insight on different forms of DHBA are reported. It is found that DHBA exists as monoanionic and neutral forms in various polar protic, aprotic, and nonpolar solvents. In aqueous solution (pH 1 to 14), neutral, monoanionic, and dianion forms are found to be responsible for the observed optical spectral profiles. The observed significant Stokes shift in emission is attributed to species undergoing excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) in different solvents. The analysis presented in this work elucidates and validate the presence of various species and conformers of DHBA.
Lung transplantation as an intervention for pediatric pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Melicoff Ernestina , Hayes Don , Benden Christian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLung transplantation is a treatment option for selected children with end‐stage lung disease and pulmonary vascular disorders. Overall, pulmonary hypertension (PH) is the second most frequent indication for infants and children requiring lung transplants. In pediatric PH patients, timing for listing remains a difficult decision due to patient heterogeneity and varying allocation policies across different countries. Furthermore, perioperative management can be challenging, making interdisciplinary collaboration among surgical, anesthesiology, critical care, and lung transplant teams essential. Because pediatric PH patients typically have preserved cardiac index and exercise tolerance even with advanced disease, they should be referred early even if they do not meet the criteria for listing of primarily adults by International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) published in 2015: New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III or IV without improvement, cardiac index < 2 L/min/m2, mean right atrial pressure of >15 mmHg. Bridging strategies with extracorporeal support should be determined at the time of listing in anticipation of possible clinical deterioration. Bilateral lung transplantation using cardiopulmonary bypass to provide hemodynamic stability is nowadays the standard surgical approach in pediatric centers. The immediate post‐transplant period is characterized by dramatic changes in the right ventricle (RV) and and left ventricle (LV) anatomy and physiology, which can be life‐threatening. Induction, immunosuppression, prophylaxis, and surveillance are not different from patients without PH. Overall, outcomes in pediatric lung and heart–lung transplant patients for PH are not different from those children undergoing transplantation for other indications. In fact, long‐term survival is superior in children with idiopathic PH compared to other diseases, providing most recipients with improved quality of life.
Why are ACE2 binding coronavirus strains SARS‐CoV/SARS‐CoV‐2 wild and NL63 mild?
Authors: Rawat Puneet , Jemimah Sherlyn , Ponnuswamy P. K. , Gromiha M. Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCoronaviruses are responsible for several epidemics, including the 2002 SARS, 2012 MERS, and COVID‐19. The emergence of recent COVID‐19 pandemic due to SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in December 2019 has resulted in considerable research efforts to design antiviral drugs and other therapeutics against coronaviruses. In this context, it is crucial to understand the biophysical and structural features of the major proteins that are involved in virus‐host interactions. In the current study, we have compared spike proteins from three strains of coronaviruses NL63, SARS‐CoV, and SARS‐CoV, known to bind human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), in terms of sequence/structure conservation, hydrophobic cluster formation and importance of binding site residues. The study reveals that the severity of coronavirus strains correlates positively with the interaction area, surrounding hydrophobicity and interaction energy and inversely correlate with the flexibility of the binding interface. Also, we identify the conserved residues in the binding interface of spike proteins in all three strains. The systematic point mutations show that these conserved residues in the respective strains are evolutionarily favored at their respective positions. The similarities and differences in the spike proteins of the three viruses indicated in this study may help researchers to deeply understand the structural behavior, binding site properties and etiology of ACE2 binding, accelerating the screening of potential lead molecules and the development/repurposing of therapeutic drugs.
Development of a microsurgery‐assisted robot for high‐precision thread traction and tension control, and confirmation of its applicability
Authors: Hangai Satoshi , Nozaki Takahiro , Soma Tomoya , Miyashita Hidetaka , Asoda Seiji , Yazawa Masaki , Sato Kazuki , Kawana Hiromasa , Ohnishi Kouhei , Kobayashi Eiji 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicrosurgery requires high skills for suturing using fragile threads, often within narrow surgical fields. Precise tension is required for good healing and to avoid the risk of thread breakage.MethodsTo meet the demands, we developed a novel assist robot utilizing high‐precision sensorless haptic technology. The robot adopts a cable‐driven mechanism to maintain a distance from the surgical area and enhances compatibility with surgical equipment such as microscopes. The robot performance was verified through in vitro and in vivo experiments using a rat model.ResultsThe realization of precise tension control was confirmed in both experiments. In particular, in the in vivo experiments, the developed robot succeeded to produce a knot with an accurate tension of 0.66% error.ConclusionsThe developed robot can realize to control traction force precisely. This technology might open up the window for a full assist robot for microsurgery with haptic feeling.
Hierarchical Pores Structured Inverse Opal‐TiO2‐Bi2WO6 for Photocatalytic Tetracycline Elimination‐Testing by Real‐Time Monitor of Germination Rate and Growth Rate of Chinese Cabbage
Authors: Lv Chao , Lan Xuefang , Wang Lili , Wang Cheng , Liu Xiaogang , Shi Jinsheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA novel Inverse Opal‐TiO2‐Bi2WO6 (ITB) with hierarchical pores structure was composed for tetracycline photodegradation, whose degradation effect was investigated by real‐time monitor of germination rate and growth rate of cabbages. The three‐dimensional hierarchical pores structure could contribute to a high surface area of catalysts, hence enhance adsorption sites for tetracycline. A Z‐scheme heterojunction is proved to be formed between inverse opal structured TiO2 (IO‐TiO2) and Bi2WO6, which could enhance carrier's separation and transfer efficiency to enhance tetracycline degradation activity. In addition, the possible photocatalytic mechanism was explored and proposed. Based on free radical trapping experiments, hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) and oxygen anion free radicals (⋅O2−) play important roles in tetracycline photodegradation. This is the first work reported on real‐time investigation of the effect of photocatalysts on crop germination rate and growth rate by decreasing tetracycline concentration.
Aggregating data center measurements for availability analysis
Authors: da Silva Rocha Élisson , G. F. da Silva Leylane , Santos Guto L. , Bezerra Diego , Moreira André , Gonçalves Glauco , Marquezini Maria Valéria , Mehta Amardeep , Wildeman Mattias , Kelner Judith , Sadok Djamel , Endo Patricia T. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryA data center infrastructure is composed of heterogeneous resources divided into three main subsystems: IT (processor, memory, disk, network, etc.), power (generators, power transformers, uninterruptible power supplies, distribution units, among others), and cooling (water chillers, pipes, and cooling tower). This heterogeneity brings challenges for collecting and gathering data from several devices in the infrastructure. In addition, extracting relevant information is another challenge for data center managers. While seeking to improve the cloud availability, monitoring the entire infrastructure using a variety of (open source and/or commercial) advanced monitoring tools, such as Zabbix, Nagios, Prometheus, CloudWatch, AzureWatch, and others is required. It is often common to use many monitoring systems to collect real‐time data for data center components from different subsystems. Such an environment brings an inherent challenge stemming from the need to aggregate and organize the whole collected infrastructure data and measurements. This first step is necessary prior to obtaining any valuable insights for decision‐making. In this paper, we present the Data Center Availability (DCA) System, a software system that is able to aggregate and analyze data center measurements aimed toward the study of DCA. We also discuss the DCA implementation and illustrate its operation, monitoring a small University research laboratory data center. The DCA System is able to monitor different types of devices using the Zabbix tool, such as servers, switches, and power devices. The DCA System is able to automatically identify the failure time seasonality and trend present in the collected data from different devices of the data center.
Energy‐Efficient Preparation Method of Water‐Swellable Starch Phosphate Carbamate Particles
Authors: Harada Nobuyuki , Mitsukami Yoshiro , Uyama Hiroshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA simple preparation method for highly water‐swellable starch phosphate carbamate (SPC) particles is proposed. In this method, a mixture of starch, urea and aqueous phosphate solution is heated in the form of gel particles under ambient pressure. The physical properties of SPC and the reaction kinetics are compared with those of the conventional method in which the thermal reaction is carried out in the form of paste. The reaction mechanism is studied by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The high efficiency of the proposed method and the excellent balance of water absorption capacity and shear modulus of the product are attractive from an industrial point of view.
Experimental cyclic performance of steel shear walls with single rectangular opening
Authors: Kordzangeneh Ghavam , Showkati Hossein , Rezaeian Abbas , Yekrangnia Mohammad 
Published: November 2020

SummaryThis paper presents the results of evaluating the effects of the location and size of rectangular opening on the cyclic performance of steel plate shear wall (SPSW) systems through an experimental study. A total of seven 1:6 scale SPSW specimens were tested under quasi‐static cyclic loads. Apart from a solid (without opening) specimen, six specimens with different opening locations and sizes were considered. The rectangular opening in the SPSW specimens with the relative opening‐to‐plate area of 4.00, 6.76% and 10.24% caused a reduction in maximum shear capacity by 28%, 33%, and 46% respectively. A similar trend was also noticed in the reduction of initial stiffness. The test results proved good performance of the stiffeners around the opening perimeter in preventing the zipping of the plate at these regions. However, from the drift ratio of 1.0%, the tearing of the plate began gradually and was followed by significant strength degradation. Because of the buckling and snap‐back of the plate, pinching in force‐displacement of all the specimens was observed. Also, a finite element simulation of all the specimens was performed, which led to acceptable results in terms of the characteristics of force‐displacement response.
Under-resolved and large eddy simulations of a decaying Taylor–Green vortex with the cumulant lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Geier Martin , Lenz Stephan , Schönherr Martin , Krafczyk Manfred 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present a comprehensive analysis of the cumulant lattice Boltzmann model with the three-dimensional Taylor–Green vortex benchmark at Reynolds number 1600. The cumulant model is investigated in several different variants, using regularization, fourth-order convergent diffusion and fourth-order convergent advection with and without limiters. In addition, a cumulant model combined with a WALE sub-grid scale model is being evaluated. The turbulence model is found to filter out the high wave number contributions from the energy spectrum and the enstrophy, while the non-filtered cumulant methods show good correspondence to spectral simulations even for the high wave numbers. The application of the WALE turbulence model appears to be counter productive for the Taylor–Green vortex at a Reynolds number of 1600. At much higher Reynolds numbers ($${\hbox {Re}}=160{,}000$$

Re
=
160
,
000

) a deviation from the ideal Kolmogorov theory can be observed in the absence of an explicit turbulence model. Cumulant models with fourth-order convergent diffusion show much better results than single relaxation time methods.
Association between lipid-lowering agents and severe hyponatremia: a population-based case–control study
Authors: Skov Jakob , Falhammar Henrik , Calissendorff Jan , Lindh Jonatan D , Mannheimer Buster 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Drug-induced hyponatremia is common, with medications from many drug-classes implicated. Lipid-lowering agents are among the most prescribed drugs. Limited evidence suggests an inverse association between statins and hyponatremia, while data on other lipid-lowering agents is absent. The objective of this investigation was to study the association between lipid-lowering drugs and hospitalization due to hyponatremia.

Methods
This was a register-based case–control study of the general Swedish population. Those hospitalized with a main diagnosis of hyponatremia (n = 11,213) were compared with matched controls (n = 44,801). Multivariable logistic regression adjusting for co-medication, diseases, previous hospitalizations, and socioeconomic factors was used to explore the association between severe hyponatremia and the use of lipid-lowering drugs.

Results
Unadjusted ORs (95% CI) for hospitalization due to hyponatremia were 1.28 (1.22–1.35) for statins, 1.09 (0.79–1.47) for ezetimibe, 1.38 (0.88–2.12) for fibrates, and 2.12 (1.31–3.35) for resins. After adjustment for confounding factors the adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) compared with controls were 0.69 (0.64–0.74) for statins, 0.60 (0.41–0.86) for ezetimibe, 0.87 (0.51–1.42) for fibrates, and 1.21 (0.69–2.06) for resins.

Conclusions
Use of statins and ezetimibe was inversely correlated with severe hyponatremia. Consequently, these drugs are unlikely culprits in patients with hyponatremia, and they appear safe to initiate in hyponatremic patients. A potential protective effect warrants further studies on how statins and other lipid-lowering drugs are linked to dysnatremias.
Timing and Type of Venous Thromboembolic Prophylaxis in Isolated Severe Liver Injury Managed Non‐Operatively
Authors: Jakob Dominik A. , Benjamin Elizabeth R. , Liasidis Panagiotis , Demetriades Demetrios 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal timing and type of pharmacological venous thromboembolic prophylaxis (VTEp) after severe liver injury selected for nonoperative management (NOM) are controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of timing and type of VTEp in severe liver injuries selected for NOM.MethodsACS‐TQIP database study (2013–17) including patients with blunt isolated severe liver injuries (AIS ≥ 3), selected for NOM, who received VTEp with either unfractionated heparin (UH) or low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH). Patients who underwent laparotomy or angiointervention within 24 h or prior to the initiation of VTEp were excluded. The study population was stratified according to the timing of VTEp ≤ 48 h (EP) and > 48 h (LP) groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify differences between the groups.ResultsA total of 4074 patients was included in the study. 2004 (49.2%) received EP and 2070 (50.8%) LP. Patients with more severe injuries were more likely to receive LP than an EP [ISS 24 (19–29) vs 22 (17–27), p < 0.001]. On multivariate analysis (correcting for age, gender, comorbidities, blood pressure, GCS, ISS, type of VTEp), LP was identified as an independent risk factor for thromboembolic events (OR 1.52, p = 0.032) and mortality (OR 2.49, p = 0.031). LMWH was independently associated with lower mortality (OR 0.36, p = 0.007), compared to UH. EP did not increase the risk of laparotomy or angiointervention after starting VTEp, compared to LP (p = 0.992).ConclusionEarly VTEp (≤ 48 h) is safe and independently associated with fewer thromboembolic events and a lower mortality after isolated severe liver injuries managed nonoperatively. LMWH was independently associated with improved outcomes when compared with UH.
Proposal of Thermoactinomyces mirandus sp. nov., a filamentous, anaerobic bacterium isolated from a biogas plant
Authors: Mutschlechner Mira , Lackner Nina , Markt Rudolf , Salvenmoser Willi , Dunlap Christopher A. , Wagner Andreas O. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe isolated a filamentous, thermophilic, and first anaerobic representative of the genus Thermoactinomyces, designated strain AMNI-1T, from a biogas plant in Tyrol, Austria and report the results of a phenotypic, genetic, and phylogenetic investigation. Strain AMNI-1T was observed to form a white branching mycelium that aggregates into pellets when grown in liquid medium. Cells could primarily utilize lactose, glucose, and mannose as carbon and energy sources, with acetate accelerating and yeast extract being mandatory for growth. The optimum growth temperature and pH turned out to be 55 °C and pH 7.0, respectively, with an optimum NaCl concentration of 0–2% (w/v). 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison indicated that the genetic relatedness between strain AMNI-1T and Thermoactinomyces intermedius, Thermoactinomyces khenchelensis, and Thermoactinomyces vulgaris was less than 97%. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 44.7 mol%. The data obtained suggest that the isolate represents a novel and first anaerobic species of the genus Thermoactinomyces, for which the name Thermoactinomyces mirandus is proposed. The type strain is AMNI-1T (= DSM 110094T = LMG 31503T). The description of the genus Thermoactinomyces is emended accordingly.