bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two mastication tests used in children with down syndrome: A feasibility study
Authors: in't Veld W. J. A. , de Pijper I. , van Gerven M. , van den Engel‐Hoek L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundChildren with Down syndrome can have problems with chewing and swallowing. However, no objective tests are available that give information about the efficiency and endurance of mastication. In this study, the feasibility of two mastication tests is studied by answering two research questions: are the Test of Mastication and Swallowing of Solids and the 6‐min mastication test feasible to use in children with Down syndrome? Do these tests give information about the mastication efficiency and endurance in these children?MethodA total of 24 (4–18 years) children with Down syndrome participated. The collected variables in the Test of Mastication and Swallowing of Solids were masticatory time, discrete bites, masticatory cycles and number of swallows per cracker. The inter‐rater reliability of these variables was tested. Collected variables in the 6‐min mastication test were total masticatory cycles and percentage difference between minutes 1 and 6. Qualitative ratings of masticatory movements were made. In both tests, a comparison with a typically developing group was made.ResultsIn both tests, a total of 87.5% of the children completed the test. Both tests are feasible for children with Down syndrome with language comprehension skills of 3 years and over.ConclusionsThe tests give information about the function and endurance during mastication in children with Down syndrome. The results showed that children with Down syndrome do not have endurance problems during mastication, but there is a lack of efficiency in mastication.
Family members and health care workers' perspectives on motivational factors of participation in physical activity for people with intellectual disability: A qualitative study
Authors: Michalsen H. , Wangberg S. C. , Anke A. , Hartvigsen G. , Jaccheri L. , Arntzen C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities (ID) have lower levels of physical activity than the general population. The aim of this study was to understand the motivational factors of participation in physical activity for people with ID from the perspectives of the family members and staff.MethodAn abductive qualitative design was used. Social Cognitive Theory constituted the theoretical frame of reference of the study. Two focus group interviews with health care workers and family members and two individual interviews with health care workers were conducted at their workplace. A thematic analysis was performed.ResultsThree main themes were identified. According to support persons, motivation could be promoted at the individual level by fun, mastery, social setting, technology and knowledge about health behaviours. At a contextual level, physical activity was mediated by engagement with support individuals and available resources. At an interactional level, individuals were more motivated if the interaction was featured by joint activities, predictability and the use of rewards.ConclusionsMotivation for participation in physical activity might be promoted at the individual, contextual and interactional levels. The interactions between individuals with ID and their support persons should work in a supportive way and strengthen mastery experiences. Support and engagement in the context could serve as a prerequisite for motivation and participation in physical activity and should be considered when developing interventions for physical activity for individuals with ID.
The Legal and Social Construction of Value in Government Procurement Markets
Authors: Craven Richard 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Public Services (Social Value) Act 2012 introduces a social value duty. It requires public authorities in England and Wales that are carrying out procurement activities to ‘consider’ how such activities might ‘improve … economic, social and environmental well‐being’. This article analyses qualitative, empirical data on how the social value duty has been interpreted and applied across local government in England. Although only a weak legal duty, this law has made a notable impact on practice. The article explains the changes brought about in practice under the social value duty and seeks to understand why these changes have occurred. It does so by recognizing local government procurement markets, as well as local government organizations themselves, as strategic action fields. In these fields, there are competing visions for social value. It is through conversations between actors that a common meaning comes to be attached to the law.
Performative Achievement of Routine Recognizability: An Analysis of Order Taking Routines at Sushi Bars
Authors: Yamauchi Yutaka , Hiramoto Takeshi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe concept of performativity, a central theme in routine dynamics research, suggests that a routine does not first exist as a recognizable phenomenon, and then actions are taken subsequently. On the contrary, actions themselves need to achieve the recognizability of the routine. This paper revisits recognizability in light of routine interdependence and materiality. Focusing on order taking routines at sushi bars, the analysis reveals that participants constantly achieve the beginning of a routine performance by drawing on performances of other routines and materiality, both of which are seemingly unrelated to the focal routine. Prior to routine initiation, much material and embodied work is conducted in order to make the routine recognizable. Once initiated, the routine performance makes subtle use of materiality, allowing participants to engage in a seemingly unrelated routine while they remain subordinately attentive to the focal routine. While a routine appears to exist on its own once it is recognized, the achievement of this recognition relies largely on factors that are not part of the routine.
CCHE1 accelerated the initiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma through enhancing PAK2 expression by sponging miR‐922
Authors: Wang Yongliang , Tong Junjie , Lin Haozhi , Ma Lei , Xu Yaoxiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a normal form of mouth cancer, comprising the majority of oral cancers. A large number of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported due to their oncogenic function in cancers. Recent studies show that lncRNA CCHE1 is an oncogene in a wide range of cancers. Whether CCHE1 accelerates the progression of OSCC is still undiscovered.MethodsThe qRT‐PCR analysis was used to determine CCHE1, miR‐922, and PAK2 expression levels. CCK8 and colony formation assays were applied to evaluate OSCC cell proliferative ability. Transwell assay was performed to investigate the capability of cell migration and invasion. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry analysis. The distribution of CCHE1 in OSCC cells was confirmed via subcellular fractionation assay. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the connection between miR‐922 and CCHE1 or PAK2.ResultsqRT‐PCR analysis identified the upregulation of CCHE1 in OSCC cells. Knockdown of CCHE1 curbed the proliferation, migration, and invasion and hastened the apoptosis in OSCC cell lines. Moreover, it was found that miR‐922 could interact with CCHE1. Besides, PAK2 was identified as the target gene of miR‐922 and its expression was negatively modulated by miR‐922 and positively regulated by CCHE1. Restoration assay manifested that the suppressing influence of CCHE1 depletion on OSCC progression was rescued by amplified PAK2.ConclusionsCCHE1 increases the expression of PAK2 to promote the progression of OSCC by competitively binding to miR‐922 in OSCC cells.
Patients' experiences of cognitive functioning in recurrent depression: A qualitative study
Authors: Crowe Marie , Porter Richard , Douglas Katie , Inder Maree , Lacey Cameron , Jordan Jennifer , Wells Hayley 
Published: January 2020

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Recurrent depressive episodes involve significant morbidity, suicide risk and recurrent hospitalizations.

In both major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, there are significant impairments in functioning following resolution of acute symptoms.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

This paper provides an in‐depth qualitative understanding of the subjective experience of cognitive impairment following a depressive episode in a recurrent mood disorder.

It identifies descriptions of two types of experience (being stuck and being preoccupied with one's thoughts) that led to impairments in concentration, memory, organization and decision‐making.

What are the implications for practice?

Mental health nurses need to develop an awareness of the impact of cognitive difficulties in the process of recovery from recurrent mood disorders.

Mental health nurses need to provide knowledgeable reassurance, information and interventions to people who experience cognitive difficulties to provide a framework of understanding that promotes recovery.

AbstractIntroductionPeople who experience recurrent depressive episodes often have ongoing cognitive problems that impact on their functional recovery. These cognitive difficulties have been identified as impacting on social, interpersonal and occupational functioning and can result in vulnerability to relapse.AimThe aim of this qualitative study was to explore participants' subjective experiences of cognitive impairment after discharge from mental health services following treatment for recurrent depression.MethodsThe study was designed as a qualitative study in order to best capture participants' subjective experiences. Data were collected by semi‐structured interviews and were analysed using a process of thematic analysis.ResultsTwenty participants took part in this study. All participants described experiences of either 1) “being stuck”; or 2) “being preoccupied with own thoughts”; however, all participants described the experiences in the third theme: “it stops you living to your potential.”Implications for practiceIn order to promote recovery in a meaningful way, mental health nurses need to provide information about and strategies for managing cognitive difficulties associated with recurrent mood disorders.
Factors influencing adequate and effective clinical supervision for inpatient mental health nurses' personal and professional development: An integrative review
Authors: Howard Vickie , Eddy‐Imishue Gesi‐ere Kindah 
Published: January 2020

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject

CS was developed to give healthcare professionals a space to reflect, problem solve and recognise their own practice. It is different from managerial supervision as it is for the benefit of the individual staff member's personal and professional development firstly, but can potentially benefit the quality of care delivered by the organisation.

There have been a range of problems associated with inpatient mental health nurses' engagement in CS and in experiencing the benefits of CS. This is concerning for the delivery of high quality care and the recruitment and retention of inpatient mental health nurses.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge

This paper explores and identifies factors influencing adequate and effective CS for inpatient mental health nurses' personal and professional development. It identifies 6 themes incorporating enablers and barriers for inpatient mental health nurses' CS which lead to practice recommendations for improvement.

What are the implications for practice

This paper advocates a needs analysis to improve access to CS for inpatient mental health nurses. This review specifically adds further knowledge relating to inpatient mental health nurses' engagement with CS which the application of the needs analysis could influence.

AbstractIntroductionClinical supervision (CS) has been recognized as a reflective mechanism in inpatient mental health nursing practice; however, it remains unclear what adequate and effective supervision entails for inpatient mental health nurses.AimTo explore factors which influence adequate and effective clinical supervision for inpatient mental health nurses' personal and professional development.MethodWhittemore and Knafl's model for ensuring rigour was utilized. This included stages to address problem identification, literature searching, data evaluation, data analysis and presentation. Seven electronic databases were searched with hand searching/Internet searching. Fourteen retrieved articles were selected and appraised using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The data extracted from the papers were analysed thematically.ResultsThe review synthesis resulted in identifying six themes: (a) what makes CS effective; (b) reflection; (c) the facilitation of professional identity and knowledge through CS; (d) participation; (e) knowledge and understanding of CS; and (f) the facilitation of personal awareness and coping.DiscussionThis review adds further knowledge on the identification of effective CS for inpatient mental health nurses as a defined occupational healthcare group.Implications for practiceA suggested needs analysis is presented to improve access to CS options with the aim of promoting effective CS and increased engagement.
Isolipidic replacement of krabok oil by whole krabok seed reduces in vitro methanogenesis, but negatively affects fermentation
Authors: Panyakaew Paiwan , Schonewille J. Thomas , Cone John W. , Pellikaan Wilbert F. , Fievez Veerle , Yuangklang Chalermpon , Hendriks Wouter H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe background of the current in vitro study involves the issue of methane (CH4) production inherent to rumen fermentation. One of the dietary strategies to reduce enteric CH4 production by ruminants involves the supplementation of medium‐chain fatty acids in diets. As such, oils containing high amounts of MCFA, such as coconut, palm kernel and krabok oil, are of much interest to formulate energy efficient and environmentally friendly rations for ruminants. Krabok oil (KO) reduces methanogenesis, but the appropriate inclusion level of dietary KO is unclear. We therefore investigated the dose–response relationship between krabok oil and CH4 production. In practice, the use of whole krabok seed (WKS), instead of KO, is easier, but the efficacy of WKS to inhibit methanogenesis was hitherto unknown. Thus, we also investigated whether WKS provides an alternative tool to inhibit CH4 production. The experimental substrates contained either KO, WKS, the residue of WKS after fat extraction residue (FER) or FER + KO. Appropriate amounts of WKS or its derivatives were added to a basal substrate so as to attain either a low, medium or high content of KO, that is, 37–46, 90–94 and 146–153 g/kg dry matter respectively. The experimental substrates were formulated to keep the amounts of incubated fat‐free OM, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre constant in order to avoid biased results through potential differences in fermentability between WKS and its derivatives, and the basal substrate. The latter resembled the ingredient composition of a total mixed ration commonly used in Thai dairy cows. Fully automated gas production (GP) equipment was used to measure gas‐ and CH4 production. Irrespective of the type of substrate (p ≥ .115), both the absolute (ml/g fat‐free OM) and relative (% of total GP) CH4 production was reduced at the highest inclusion level of WKS or its derivatives (p ≤ .019). Total GP (ml/g fat‐free OM), however, was reduced after incubation of FER, FER + KO, and WKS, but not KO, at the highest inclusion level of the respective substrates (p = .019). Volatile fatty acids were likewise affected (p ≤ .001). Krabok oil can inhibit CH4 production but only when the dietary KO content is at least 9.4% (DM). Supplementation of KO in the form of WKS, however, is considered not opportune because the fat extracted residue of WKS is poorly degraded during fermentation.
Dried blood spots perform well to identify patients with active HCV infection in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Tram Hong , Nguyen Binh Thanh , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Pham Tram Thi Phuong , Nguyen Trang Thi Thu , Mai Hong Thi Bich , Pham Hien Ba , Nguyen Thai Minh , Phan Huong Thi Thu , Do Nhan Thi , Ait‐Ahmed Mohand , Taieb Fabien , Madec Yoann 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecently, treatment advances in direct‐acting antivirals have radically changed the management of HCV patients. However, in resource‐limited countries, identification of patients with active HCV infection is still challenging in remote settings due to the limited access to laboratories able to measure HCV viral load. This study evaluated whether dried blood spots (DBS) transferred to a central laboratory could overcome this challenge. A total of 315 HCV‐infected patients, naïve to anti‐HCV treatment, provided each three type of samples: plasma, DBS with calibrated quantities of venous blood and DBS with uncalibrated quantities of capillary blood. Qualitative comparison was conducted in terms of detection of HCV viral load on DBS as opposed to plasma to estimate sensitivity and specificity. Quantitative comparisons were conducted by means of correlation estimation. Of the 250 patients with detected plasma HCV viral load, 245 also had detectable DBS HCV viral load (capillary or venous) leading to a sensitivity of 98.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 95.4%‐99.3%); importantly, all measurements with a plasma HCV viral load >118 IU/mL were also detected in DBS. When HCV was not detected in plasma, it was also not detected in DBS resulting in 100% specificity (95% CI: 94.5%‐100%). Quantitative HCV viral load results were very similar when utilizing plasma or DBS sample types as illustrated by correlations >0.99. In conclusion, DBS sample types, with either uncalibrated capillary blood or calibrated venous blood, performed well to distinguish patients with active HCV infection, and who therefore need treatment, from other patients.
Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and severe renal impairment
Authors: Liu Chen‐Hua , Yang Sheng‐Shun , Peng Cheng‐Yuan , Lin Woan‐Tyy , Liu Chun‐Jen , Su Tung‐Hung , Tseng Tai‐Chung , Chen Pei‐Jer , Chen Ding‐Shinn , Kao Jia‐Horng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractData are limited regarding the real‐world effectiveness and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and severe renal impairment (RI). We aimed to evaluate the performance of GLE/PIB in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4 or 5 in Taiwan. 108 chronic HCV patients with CKD stage 4 (n = 32) or 5 (n = 76) receiving GLE/PIB for 8‐12 weeks were retrospectively recruited at 4 academic centres in Taiwan. The effectiveness was determined by sustained virologic response at off‐therapy week 12 (SVR12) for evaluable (EP) and per‐protocol populations (PP). The safety profiles were also assessed. By EP and PP analyses, the SVR12 rate was 99.1% (107 of 108 patients; 95% confidence interval (CI): 94.9%‐99.8%) and 100% (107 of 107 patients; 95% CI: 96.5%‐100%). The SVR12 rates were 100% (95% CI: 89.3%‐100%) and 98.7% (95% CI: 92.9%‐99.8%) in patients with CKD stage 4 and 5, respectively. One patient, who declined off‐therapy follow‐up after permanently discontinuing GLE/PIB at on‐treatment week 9 due to scheduled cardiac surgery, had nonvirologic failure. Sixteen (14.8%) patients had serious adverse events (AEs), which were judged not related to GLE/PIB. The three most common AEs were pruritus (19.4%), fatigue (15.7%) and nausea (13.9%). None had ≥3‐fold upper limit of normal for total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase levels. None of the 9 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection developed HBV‐associated hepatitis. In conclusion, GLE/PIB for 8‐12 weeks is effective and well‐tolerated in HCV patients with severe RI.
Extreme site fidelity of the olm (Proteus anguinus) revealed by a long‐term capture–mark–recapture study
Authors: Balázs G. , Lewarne B. , Herczeg G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe biology of cave‐dwelling species is a fascinating area, yet it is understudied due to logistic constraints, especially in regard to aquatic organisms. The olm (Proteus anguinus) is the largest known troglobiont vertebrate, showing extreme life‐history characteristics such as a possible lifespan of over 100 years and a reproductive cycle of over 12 years. However, most studies carried out on the species to date are based on laboratory studies, resulting in a severe lack of ecological data from natural populations studied in their original habitat. We applied a capture–mark–recapture approach on an Eastern Herzegovinian population for eight years to reveal its spatial strategy and general movement patterns. We found thatP. anguinusis sedentary, can often be found within a few square metres over several years, and their moving distance is uncorrelated with the time elapsed between recaptures. Previous laboratory studies constrained to confined space and artificial environments have already suggested site fidelity and our results from a natural population confirm this. The low reproductive activity of the species together with the reported extreme site fidelity makes this top predator of aquatic cave communities highly vulnerable and a sensitive bio‐indicator of habitat‐changing human activities.
Do Explicit Instruction and High Variability Phonetic Training Improve Nonnative Speakers’ Mandarin Tone Productions?
Authors: WIENER SETH , CHAN MARJORIE K. M. , ITO KIWAKO 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study examines the putative benefits of explicit phonetic instruction, high variability phonetic training, and their effects on adult nonnative speakers’ Mandarin tone productions. Monolingual first language (L1) English speakers (n= 80), intermediate second language (L2) Mandarin learners (n= 40), and L1 Mandarin speakers (n= 40) took part in a multiday Mandarin‐like artificial language learning task. Participants were asked to repeat a syllable–tone combination immediately after hearing it. Half of all participants were exposed to speech from 1 talker (low variability) while the other half heard speech from 4 talkers (high variability). Half of the L1 English participants were given daily explicit instruction on Mandarin tone contours, while the other half were not. Tone accuracy was measured by L1 Mandarin raters (n= 104) who classified productions according to their perceived tonal category. Explicit instruction of tone contours facilitated L1 English participants’ production of rising and falling tone contours. High variability input alone had no main effect on participants’ productions but interacted with explicit instruction to improve participants’ productions of high‐level tone contours. These results motivate an L2 tone production training approach that consists of explicit tone instruction followed by gradual exposure to more variable speech.