bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cause and Effect Relationship in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes under Temperate Conditions
Authors: Dar Mohd Aslam , Khuroo Noor-ul-Saleem , Mir Reyaz-ul-Rouf , Dar Zahoor Ahmad , Lone Bilal Ahmad , Sheikh Farooq A. , Bhat Umer Rashid , Sofi Parvaze Ahmad , Dar Sher A. 
Published: October 2020

Thirty-five genotypes and 3 varieties of chickpea were undertaken to determine the variability, interrelationship among yield and its components and their primary and secondary impact on seed quantity. The research work performed at FoA, Wadura Sopore, SKUAST-Kashmir in the rabi 2017-18. The treatment differences were statistically highly significant for all the traits along with higher magnitude of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation indicating presence of good amount of variability. The character, plant height showed maximum difference preceding by pod number plant-1, days taken to maturity, 50% flowering, seed yield plant-1, 100 seed weight, number of secondary and primary branches plant-1 and seeds pod-1. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation have been seen maximum in case of seed yield plant-1 preceding by plant height, pod number plant-1, secondary branch number, seeds pod-1 and 100-seed weight. Pod number plant-1, plant height, days to maturity (99%) exhibited maximum heritability (b.s.) then secondary branches plant-1, days to 50% flowering (98%), 100-seed weight, seed yield plant-1 (96%). Seed yield plant-1 showed maximum genetic advance as mean% (54.17) then plant height (50.93) and pods per plant-1 (50.02). The seed yield plant-1 exhibited significant and positive correlation with pods plant-1, secondary branches plant-1, seeds pod-1 and 100-seed weight. By comprehending path coefficient maximum primary effect shown by pods plant-1 on seed yield plant-1 then seeds pod-1, 100-seed weight, primary branches plant-1.
Effectiveness of Fertilizer Use among Arable Farmers in Yola South, North-Eastern Part of Nigeria
Authors: Sadiq A. A. , Shuwa Salamatu Ali , Daniel Alice 
Published: October 2020

Aim: This paper aimed to assess the effectiveness of fertilizer use among arable farmers in Yola South North-eastern part of Nigeria.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted at Yola South LGA of Adamawa State, Nigeria during September, 2019-July, 2020.
Methodology: Four (4) areas were selected in the area (Yolde pate, Bole, Mbamaba and Wuro-chekke) where 40 farmers were randomly selected from each farm location totaling to 160 farmers. The data obtained through administered questionnaires were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and effectiveness Test Value (ETV) method respectively.
Results: The result shows that soil type, vegetation cover and soil type were the most indicators of soil fertility among farmers in the area where most farmers used organic fertilizers than the inorganic or combined except at Wuor-chekke farm location. Broadcasting method of fertilizer application was found to be mostly adopted in the area. Similarly, Organic fertilizer was assessed to be highly effective (HE) in all the farm location except at Wuro-chekke while inorganic fertilizer was HE at Bole and the combine used of organic and inorganic fertilizers appeared HE except at Mbamba farm location. Moreover, broadcasting method was HE at Yolde pate and Wuro-chekke farm locations while band placing was HE at Bole and spot method found to be moderately effective (ME) except at Mbamba appeared not effective (NE) respectively.
Conclusion: Intensive training to the farmers on modern strategies and techniques on fertilizer use through extension services should be conducted and timely provision of fertilizers to the target farmers should be considered by the relevant agencies in Yola area and the environment for the sustainable and profitable food production for the growing population.
Synthetic in vitro transcribed lncRNAs (SINEUPs) with chemical modifications enhance target mRNA translation
Authors: Toki Naoko , Takahashi Hazuki , Zucchelli Silvia , Gustincich Stefano , Carninci Piero 
Published: October 2020

Chemically modified mRNAs are extensively studied with a view toward their clinical application. In particular, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) containing SINE elements, which enhance the translation of their target mRNAs (i.e., SINEUPs), have potential as RNA therapies for various diseases, such as haploinsufficiencies. To establish a SINEUP‐based system for efficient protein expression, we directly transfected chemically modified in vitro transcribed (mIVT) SINEUP RNAs to examine their effects on target mRNA translation. mIVT SINEUP RNAs enhanced translation of EGFP mRNA and endogenous target Sox9 mRNA in both cultured cells and a cell‐free translation system. Our findings reveal the functional role of RNA modifications in SINEUPs and suggest several broad clinical applications of such an RNA regulatory system.
Remembering personal change for better or worse: Retrieval context matters
Authors: Boucher Chantal M. , Scoboria Alan 
Published: October 2020

SummaryWe investigated how focusing on the details (experience focus) versus self‐narrative significance (coherence focus) of valenced transitions informs appraisals and emotions at recall. Participants (N = 302) selected a negative or positive transition and rated their emotion. Two weeks later, they described their event using an experience or coherence focus, then rated emotion, event impact, self‐relevance, and memory characteristics. A coherence (vs. experience) focus produced lower negative affect and greater psychological impact, particularly for negative transitions. The negative‐coherence group showed the largest decrease in negation emotion over time. A coherence (vs. experience) focus resulted in less perceptual detail, reactivity, and re‐experiencing. Positive (vs. negative) events were deemed more central to identity and connected to other events. Mental focus informed psychological impact and negative affect, while event valence influenced self‐relevance. These findings remained when event type (interpersonal) was matched across groups. Motives for framing autobiographical memories and implications for adaptive self‐reflection are discussed.
Anatomic basis for a new ultrasound‐guided, mini‐invasive technique for release of the deep transverse metatarsal ligament
Authors: Nieves Gabriel Camunas , Fernández‐Gibello Alejandro , Moroni Simone , Montes Ruben , Márquez Javier , Ortiz Mario Suárez , Vázquez Teresa , Duparc Fabrice , Moriggl Bernhard , Konschake Marko 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionMorton's neuroma is an entrapment neuropathy of the third common plantar digital nerve, caused by the deep transverse metatarsal ligament (DTML). Minimally invasive or percutaneous surgery is a very common procedure, but surgical effectivity of this technique remains controversial. The goal of our study was to prove the effectiveness and safety of a new ultrasound‐guided technique for DTML‐release in a cadaver model.Materials, Methods, and ResultsThe DTML was visualized in 10 fresh frozen donated body to science‐feet (eight male and two females, five left and five right) using an US device (GE Logic R7; 13 MHz linear probe, Madrid, Spain). Consecutively, minimally invasive ultrasound‐guided surgery was performed. Exclusion criteria of the donated bodies to science were previous history of forefoot surgery and space occupying mass lesions. The complete release of the ligament was achieved in all specimens without damage of any important anatomical structures as proven by anatomical dissection.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that our novel approach of an ultrasound‐guided release of the DTML is safer and more effective compared to blind techniques. The DTML could reliably be visualized and securely cut through a dorsal, minimally invasive surgical incision of only 2 mm.
Identification of QTL associated with cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in Zoysia japonica
Authors: Brown Jessica M. , Yu Xingwang , Holloway H. McCamy P. , Tuong Tan D. , Schwartz Brian M. , Patton Aaron J. , Arellano Consuelo , Livingston David P. , Milla‐Lewis Susana R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractZoysiagrasses (Zoysia spp.) are relatively low‐input and warm‐season turfgrasses which have grown in popularity in the United States since their introduction in the 1890s. Over 30 improved zoysiagrass cultivars were released in the past three decades, but many lack freezing tolerance and their use is limited to warm‐humid climates. Understanding the genetic controls of winter hardiness and freezing tolerance in zoysiagrass could considerably benefit the breeding efforts to increase tolerance to freezing stress. In the present study, controlled environment acclimation and freezing tests were used to evaluate a Meyer × Victoria zoysiagrass mapping population for post‐freezing surviving green tissue (SGT) and regrowth (RG). Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping analysis identified nine QTL associated with SGT, eight QTL linked to RG, and 22 QTL common in both traits, accounting for between 6.4 and 12.2% of the phenotypic variation. Eleven regions of interest overlapped with putative winter injury QTL identified in a previous field study. Upon sequence analysis, homologs of several abiotic response genes were found underlying these overlapping QTL regions. The homologs of these gene encode transcription factors, cell wall modification‐related proteins, and defense signal transduction‐related proteins. After further validation, these QTL and their associated markers have potential to be used in future breeding efforts for the development of a broader pool of zoysiagrass cultivars capable of surviving in cold climates.
Time‐restricted feeding improves the reproductive function of female mice via liver fibroblast growth factor 21
Authors: Hua Lun , Feng Bin , Huang Liansu , Li Jing , Luo Ting , Jiang Xuemei , Han Xingfa , Che Lianqiang , Xu Shengyu , Lin Yan , Fang Zhengfeng , Wu De , Zhuo Yong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere has been a significant increase, to epidemic levels, of obese and overweight women of reproductive age, causing impairments to reproductive health. Time‐restricted feeding (TRF) including isocaloric intake has shown to be preventive of obesity‐related disorders. However, its therapeutic ability to improve the reproductive function of female remains largely unknown.MethodsHere, we investigated the ability of TRF to improve the reproductive function in wild‐type and liver‐specific FGF21 knockout female mice. To study fertility, a continuous and a short‐term fertility test, gonadotropin releasing‐hormone (GnRH), and Kisspeptin test were performed. Immortalized GnRH neuron was used to examine the direct role of liver fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on GnRH secretion.ResultsWe found that TRF rescues female mice from bodyweight gain and glucose intolerance, as well as ovarian follicle loss and dysfunction of estrus cyclicity induced by high‐fat diet. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of the TRF regimen on the reproductive performance were also observed in mice fed both chow and high‐fat diet. However, those beneficial effects of TRF on metabolism and reproduction were absent in liver‐specific FGF21 knockout mice. In vitro, FGF21 directly acted on GnRH neurons to modulate GnRH secretion via extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK1/2) pathway.ConclusionsOverall, time‐restricted feeding improves the reproductive function of female mice and liver FGF21 signaling plays a key role in GnRH neuron activity in female mice.
The association between prenatal alcohol consumption and preschool child stress system disturbance
Authors: Grimm Jennifer , Stemmler Mark , Golub Yulia , Schwenke Eva , Goecke Tamme W. , Fasching Peter A. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Kratz Oliver , Moll Gunther H. , Kornhuber Johannes , Eichler Anna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundDrinking alcohol during pregnancy is considered a risk factor for child development; however, child biomarkers of prenatal alcohol exposure have been rarely studied. We examined whether a meconium alcohol metabolite (ethyl glucuronide, EtG) was associated with child cortisol concentrations at primary school age.MethodsFor 137 children, prenatal alcohol exposure was operationalized by the meconium biomarker EtG and by maternal self‐reports during pregnancy. Two EtG cut‐offs (EtG ≥10 ng/g and EtG ≥112 ng/g) were applied. Cortisol concentrations were measured in saliva and hair samples.ResultsChildren with EtG ≥10 ng/g showed significantly reduced hair cortisol concentrations (HCCs) (p = .050, = 0.042). For children with EtG ≥112 ng/g, the cortisol awakening response (CAR) was significantly decreased (p = .025, = 0.070). These effects were also present in correlational analyses with continuous EtG data, speaking for partly dose‐dependent effects. Especially, within the EtG ≥112 ng/g group, the basal (CAR: rp = −.642, p = .120) and cumulative (HCC: rp = −.660, p = .107) cortisol parameters were associated with child emotional symptoms at medium effect size.ConclusionsThe present study showed both the biological association of intrauterine alcohol exposure with the cortisol stress system, partly dose‐dependent, and the functional association with emotional and behavioral symptoms.
Knockout of the gene encoding the extracellular matrix proteinSNED1results in early neonatal lethality and craniofacial malformations
Authors: Barqué Anna , Jan Kyleen , De La Fuente Emanuel , Nicholas Christina L. , Hynes Richard O. , Naba Alexandra 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a fundamental component of multicellular organisms that orchestrates developmental processes and controls cell and tissue organization. We previously identified the novel ECM protein SNED1 as a promoter of breast cancer metastasis and showed that its level of expression negatively correlated with breast cancer patient survival. Here, we sought to identify the roles of SNED1 during murine development.ResultsWe generated two novelSned1knockout mouse strains and showed thatSned1is essential since homozygous ablation of the gene led to early neonatal lethality. Phenotypic analysis of the surviving knockout mice revealed a role for SNED1 in the development of craniofacial and skeletal structures sinceSned1knockout resulted in growth defects, nasal cavity occlusion, and craniofacial malformations.Sned1is widely expressed in embryos, notably by cell populations undergoing epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, such as the neural crest cells. We further show that mice with a neural‐crest‐cell‐specific deletion ofSned1survive, but display facial anomalies partly phenocopying the global knockout mice.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate requisite roles for SNED1 during development and neonatal survival. Importantly, the deletion of 2q37.3 in humans, a region that includes theSNED1locus, has been associated with facial dysmorphism and short stature.
An Efficient Bio‐inspired Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst: MnOx Nanosheets Incorporated Iron Phthalocyanine Functionalized Graphene
Authors: Wu Xing , Cheng Yi , Veder Jean‐Pierre , Jiang San Ping 
Published: October 2020

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts play a critical role in energy storage and conversion devices and have been attracted enormous interests, and however, it remains challenging to develop highly active cheap catalysts in a simple and green route. Inspired by the heme‐copper oxidases (HOCs), in which the ORR active center is originated from the incorporation of Fe‐N4 with copper atom, we here developed a fine manganese oxide nanosheets (MnOx NSs) integrated with iron phthalocyanine (FePc) anchored on highly conductive graphene (MnOx/FePc‐G) through a green route only involve ethanol as the reagent. The bio‐inspired catalyst MnOx/FePc‐G demonstrated high ORR activity with a half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.887 V, about 57 mV more positive than that of Pt/C. And the current density (j) at 0.9 V is about 1.9 mA cm−2, which is three times of Pt/C and FePc‐G. More importantly, the bio‐inspired systems show superior stability in comparison to commercial Pt/C, showing a potential of 0.863 V to deliver a j of 3 mA cm−2 after 18 000 s polarization, about 80 mV higher than that of 0.783 V for Pt/C. The high activity is contributed by the integration of the FePc and MnOx NSs that plays the role to assist the cleavage of the O2 bond. Our approach provides a new evidence to develop highly efficient ORR catalysts through imitate the naturally involved systems through a simple route.
Isolated atrial amyloidosis suspected by electrophysiological voltage mapping and diagnosed by 99mTc‐DPD scintigraphy
Authors: Schöppenthau Doreen , Schatka Imke , Berger Alexander , Pieske Burkert , Hahn Kathrin , Knebel Fabian , Kleefeld Felix , Alexander Tobias , Gerds‐Li Jin‐Hong , Messroghli Daniel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe present not‐yet‐seen multimodal images of a 55‐year‐old female patient with isolated atrial amyloidosis (IAA) who clinically suffered from multiple atrial arrhythmias and heart failure symptoms with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. We aim to show structural and functional abnormalities detected by electrophysiological voltage mapping, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [cMRI; atrial strain measurements, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) visualization], and 99mTc‐DPD scintigraphy. Bipolar voltage mapping performed during two electrophysiological procedures showed diffuse left atrial low‐voltage areas (bipolar < 0.5 mV) and also a moderately diseased right atrium suspected of infiltrative cardiomyopathy. Catheter ablation did successfully treat a left atrial and two right atrial focal tachycardias. For further diagnostics, a 3T cMRI was performed, revealing a subendocardial circumferential left atrial LGE and pathological atrial strain measurements, especially during conduit and reservoir phase. Afterwards, nuclear imaging with 559 MBq of 99mTc‐DPD was performed. The scan revealed amyloid infiltration of the left atrium. Neither an uptake in the ventricular myocardium nor an extra‐cardiac uptake of DPD was seen. Genetic testing for transthyretin amyloidosis mutations in this patient was negative, and peripheral neuropathy was ruled out by electromyogram analysis. The synopsis of these findings reveals IAA as the most possible diagnosis and showed isolated atrial nuclear tracer uptake with 99mTc‐DPD scintigraphy for the first time. Non‐invasive imaging techniques might help in suggesting IAA but need further investigation.
Human pregnancy levels of estrogen and progesterone contribute to humoral immunity by activating TFH/B cell axis
Authors: Monteiro Clarice , Kasahara Taissa , Sacramento Priscila M. , Dias Aleida , Leite Simone , Silva Vander G. , Gupta Sudhir , Agrawal Anshu , Bento Cleonice A. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCirculating TFH (cTFH) cells express CXCR5, PD‐1, and, when activated, ICOS, and release IL‐21. According to the production of IFN‐γ, IL‐4, and IL‐17 and expression of FoxP3, these cells are also classified as cTFH1, cTFH2, cTFH17, and cTFR cells, respectively. This CD4+T‐cell subset is pivotal to efficient humoral immunity, and pregnancy appears to favor IgG production. Here, not only pregnancy amplified the in vivo production of anti‐HBsAg IgG in HBV immunized women, but the frequency of cTFH cells was directly correlated with estradiol levels. In vitro, pregnancy‐related dose of 17‐β‐estradiol (E2) directly increased the percentage of different cTFH subsets. While E2 and progesterone (P4) increased the proportion of differentiated TFH cells derived from naïve CD4+T‐cells, only E2 amplified the release of IL‐21 in those cell cultures. In addition, E2 and P4 increased the proportion of memory B cells and plasma cells, respectively. In SEB‐activated B/TFH cell co‐cultures, E2, in the presence of P4, increased the production of total IgG. Finally, among the hormones, P4 was stronger in upregulating the percentage of IL‐10+TFR cells. Collectively, our findings suggested that E2 and P4 cooperate in the humoral immune response by favoring the expansion of different cTFH and B cell subsets.
Seismic performance of two classes of earth dams
Authors: Masini Luca , Rampello Sebastiano , Donatelli Riccardo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the last decades, Italy has experienced several strong earthquakes, triggering the attention on the high seismic risk associated with the potential instability of large existing earth dams. Under intense seismic events, dam response depends on various factors including the geometry and the type of water retention scheme. This paper explores the influence of these factors, comparing the seismic performance of two idealized earth dams: a homogeneous dam and a zoned dam. The simplified models adopted in the analyses are representative of these two classes of earth dams, often adopted in the sixties to design various dams located in southern Italy. The idealized models, here examined in detail, have comparable heights and foundation soil conditions, differing in terms of water retention scheme. The seismic response of the dams was evaluated through time‐domain nonlinear dynamic analyses in which the same input ground motion, represented by real‐time histories, was applied at the base of the models. It is shown that for highly inelastic systems, such as those at hand, duration of input motion should be accounted for in addition to compatibility criteria with a design elastic response spectrum. Also, different slopes of dam flanks, shear strength mobilization at the end of dam construction and high stiffness contrast at the shells‐core contacts are shown to result in different deformation patterns at the end of earthquake loading. Some peculiarities in the behavior of these classes of earth dams are highlighted in the paper, providing a guidance for the rational assessment of their seismic performance.
Renewable energy in Russia: A critical perspective
Authors: Pagliaro Mario 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPartly explaining the low uptake of energy production from renewable energy sources, Russia accesses huge oil, natural gas, coal, and uranium resources and hosts advanced nuclear energy, oil, and natural gas industries. Yet, the combined effect of the exceedingly low cost of electricity generation via today's photovoltaic modules and wind turbines combined with energy storage in Li‐ion battery and hydrogen obtained via water electrolysis will shortly have a profound impact on Russia's economy and manufacturing industry. The buildup of Russia's clean energy technology industry will require proper planning, rationalization efforts, and the development of creative and effective policies, which will include new educational initiatives in today's new energy technologies and energy management.