bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New archaeomagnetic secular variation data from Central Europe, I: Directions
Authors: Schnepp Elisabeth , Thallner Daniele , Arneitz Patrick , Mauritsch Hermann , Scholger Robert , Rolf Christian , Leonhardt Roman 
Published: October 2019

Summary
Archaeomagnetic directions of one hundred and forty-one archaeological structures have been studied from 21 sites in Austria, 31 sites in Germany and one site in Switzerland. Characteristic remanent magnetisation directions obtained from alternating field and thermal demagnetisations provided 82 and 78 new or updated (12 and 10 per cent) directions of Austria and Germany, respectively. Nine of the directions are not reliable for certain reasons (e.g. displacement) while three of the features are not well dated. Apart from this some updated age information for the published databases is provided. Rock magnetic experiments revealed magnetite as main magnetic carrier of the remanences. The new data agree well with existing secular variation reference curves. The extended data set covers now the past 3500 years and a lot of progress were made to cover times BC with data. Here enhanced secular variation is observed manifested in declinations with values up to 70°. The new data will allow for recalculation of archaeomagnetic calibration curves for Central Europe from mid Bronze Age until today.
Resources in vulnerable young adults: self-assessments during preventive consultation with their general practitioner in Denmark
Authors: Freund Kirsten Schierup , Guassora Ann Dorrit , Hegelund Trine , Hvas Lotte , Lous Jørgen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Inequality in health is increasing. People with many problems often lack energy to improve well-being and reduce their problems. This study analyses how psycho-socially challenged younger (20- to 44-year-old) patients described their own resources to reach lifestyle goals or alter life circumstances. Within the context of a randomized controlled trial, Danish participants had two structured preventive person-centred consultations with their general practitioner. Consultations focused on well-being, salutogenesis, resources, barriers and support of autonomy. Using the qualitative method: Systematic Text Condensation, we made thematic cross-analysis of patients’ goal-specific resource statements described at the first consultation. Of the 209 patients, 191 (91%) chose one or two goals for a better life next year; nearly all (179) could recall and describe which resources they would use to reach their goal. We categorized resource statements into (i) personal constitution as ‘willpower’ and ‘tenacity’; (ii) network, e.g. family; (iii) personal experience with identical or similar problems. Some patients needed to free up resources by handling psychological problems before being able to focus on lifestyle goals. The study demonstrates that patients with particular psycho-social problems could describe essential resources in a structured, salutogenic, preventive consultation with their general practitioner. Reflecting intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, these resources reflected dimensions of essential health theories like sense of coherence, self-efficacy and self-determination theory. Increased awareness of these resources seems essential for vulnerable patients by improving psychological well-being and optimism, thereby facilitating health-related changes. This may be an important step to reducing inequality in health.
Methylation changes in the peripheral blood of filipinos with type 2 diabetes suggest spurious transcription initiation at TXNIP
Authors: Albao Dominic S , Cutiongco-de la Paz Eva Maria , Mercado Maria Elizabeth , Lirio Alvin , Mariano Margarette , Kim Sarah , Yangco Ariane , Melegrito Jodelyn , Wad-asen Kate , Gauran Iris Ivy , Francisco Marie Angeline , Santos-Acuin Cecilia , David-Padilla Carmencita , Murphy Elizabeth J , Paz-Pacheco Elizabeth , Seielstad Mark 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
While much work has been done in associating differentially methylated positions (DMPs) to type 2 diabetes (T2D) across different populations, not much attention has been placed on identifying its possible functional consequences. We explored methylation changes in the peripheral blood of Filipinos with T2D and identified 177 associated DMPs. Most of these DMPs were associated with genes involved in metabolism, inflammation and the cell cycle. Three of these DMPs map to the TXNIP gene body, replicating previous findings from epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of T2D. The TXNIP downmethylation coincided with increased transcription at the 3’-UTR, H3K36me3 histone markings, and Sp1 binding, suggesting spurious transcription initiation at the TXNIP 3’-UTR as a functional consequence of T2D methylation changes. We also explored potential epigenetic determinants to increased incidence of T2D in Filipino immigrants in the United States and found 3 DMPs associated with the interaction of T2D and immigration. Two of these DMPs were located near MAP 2 K7 and PRMT1, which may point towards dysregulated stress response and inflammation as a contributing factor to T2D among Filipino immigrants.
The active RS CVn-type system SZ Pictoris
Authors: Martínez C I , González J F , Buccino A , Ibañez Bustos R , Mauas P J D 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
We study the short-term variability and long-term variability of the spectroscopic binary SZ Pictoris, a southern RS CVn-type system. We used mid-resolution Echelle spectra obtained at Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito spanning 18 yr, and the photometric data from the All Sky Automated Survey data base (V band) and from the Optical Robotic Observatory (BVRI bands) for similar time lapses. We separated the composite spectra into those corresponding to both components, and we were able to determine accurate orbital parameters, in particular an orbital period of 4.95 d. We also observed a photometric modulation with half the orbital period, due to the ellipticity of the stars. We also found cyclic activity with a period of ∼2030 d, both in the photometry and in the Ca ii flux of the secondary star of the system.
Direct wide-field radio imaging in real-time at high time resolution using antenna electric fields
Authors: Kent James , Beardsley Adam P , Bester Landman , Gull Steve F , Nikolic Bojan , Dowell Jayce , Thyagarajan Nithyanandan , Taylor Greg B , Bowman Judd 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTThe recent demonstration of a real-time direct imaging radio interferometry correlator represents a new capability in radio astronomy. However, wide-field imaging with this method is challenging since wide-field effects and array non-coplanarity degrade image quality if not compensated for. Here, we present an alternative direct imaging correlation strategy using a direct Fourier transform (DFT), modelled as a linear operator facilitating a matrix multiplication between the DFT matrix and a vector of the electric fields from each antenna. This offers perfect correction for wide field and non-coplanarity effects. When implemented with data from the Long Wavelength Array (LWA), it offers comparable computational performance to previously demonstrated direct imaging techniques, despite having a theoretically higher floating point cost. It also has additional benefits, such as imaging sparse arrays and control over which sky coordinates are imaged, allowing variable pixel placement across an image. It is in practice a highly flexible and efficient method of direct radio imaging when implemented on suitable arrays. A functioning electric field direct imaging architecture using the DFT is presented, alongside an exploration of techniques for wide-field imaging similar to those in visibility-based imaging, and an explanation of why they do not fit well to imaging directly with the digitized electric field data. The DFT imaging method is demonstrated on real data from the LWA telescope, alongside a detailed performance analysis, as well as an exploration of its applicability to other arrays.
Levinas and Løgstrup on the Phenomenology (and Metaphysics?) of Moral Agency
Authors: McMullin Irene 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFor both Levinas and Løgstrup, the moral encounter is characterized by an asymmetrical prioritization of the other over the self. Some take Løgstrup’s account to be an improvement on Levinas’s, however, insofar as it appears to both foreswear the hyperbole of the latter’s view and ground the ethical claim in the natural conditions of human life (thereby avoiding Levinas’s alleged nominalism). This paper argues, in contrast, that Løgstrup’s own account is equally hyperbolic in its characterization of the self as fundamentally evil, and that his attempt to ground the ethical demand in structures of ‘life’ raises serious difficulties. I will argue that Levinas’s stronger commitment to phenomenology both rules out the problematic metaphysical claims on which Løgstrup’s ontological ethics depends and helps explain the methodological function of Levinas’s own hyperbole. Unlike Løgstrup, Levinas insists that the challenge is not eradicating the claims of the self, but rather resisting its pretention to a global normative priority. In making this case I refute the argument that Levinas, unlike Løgstrup, is committed to a ‘command’ view of morality—whereby it is the other person’s authoritative status that underwrites the moral force of the claim, not the content of the claim itself. But on Levinas’s view, ‘demand’ and ‘command’ accounts merge in his understanding of the face-to-face encounter because responding to the content of the demand—that I treat the other’s claim as reason-giving—just is to see the other person as an authority capable of making legitimate claims on me.
Spillover effects of the Venezuelan crisis: migration impacts in Colombia
Authors: Caruso German , Canon Christian Gomez , Mueller Valerie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the wake of the Venezuelan crisis, Colombian migrants are returning to their place of birth. Since 2016, however, there has been a spike of immigration to Colombia attributable to inflows of the Venezuelan-born. Using high-frequency administrative data, we estimate the impacts of the recent labour supply shock–driven by the economic predicament in Venezuela–on the labour and poverty outcomes of native Colombians. We employ an instrumental variables approach to account for the selection of immigrants into locations with more or less desirable conditions. A 1 percentage point increase in immigration from Venezuela reduces informal sector wages by 10 percentage points in urban areas. As the crisis increased the fraction of migrants by 0.2 percentage points in 2017, we estimate urban wages decreased by a total of 2 percentage points. A dual-pronged approach is warranted to promote the economic assimilation of Venezuelans while protecting the job security of Colombians.
Half-quantized non-Abelian vortices in neutron 3P2 superfluids inside magnetars
Authors: Masuda Kota , Nitta Muneto 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We point out that half-quantized non-Abelian vortices exist as the minimum energy states in rotating neutron $^3P_2$ superfluids in the inner cores of magnetars with magnetic fields greater than $3 \times 10^{15}$ Gauss, while they do not in ordinary neutron stars with smaller magnetic fields. One integer vortex is split into two half-quantized vortices. The number of vortices is about $10^{19}$ and they are separated at about $\mu$m in a vortex lattice for typical parameters, while the vortex core size is about 10–100 fm. They are non-Abelian vortices characterized by a non-Abelian first homotopy group, and consequently when two vortices corresponding to non-commutative elements collide, a rung vortex must be created between them, implying the formation of an entangled vortex network inside the cores of magnetars. We find spontaneous magnetization in the vortex core showing diamagnetism whose typical magnitude is about $10^{8-9}$ Gauss, which is ten times larger than that of integer vortices, when external magnetic fields are present along the vortex line.
‘I am a Victorian!’: W. B. Yeats, Modern Manliness and the Problems of Work
Authors: Bland Botham Peter 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Examining his writings up to 1909, this article argues that W. B. Yeats was drawn to a specifically modern notion of masculinity based on a material, athletic ideal of the male body, at odds with the more transcendent principles he otherwise professed and associated with the Renaissance. Moreover, he understood this corporeal archetype of manliness to be fashioned through everyday activities, such as work and sport, which are shown to shape his sense of gender in addition to more-oft examined aspects of his life, such as his occultism or relations with women. As a sedentary writer, however, Yeats struggled to embody the model of active Victorian manliness he idealized. Identifying such anxieties in his early poems and stories, this article traces Yeats’s efforts to reconceptualize his wearisome poetic toil as healthy, productive labour: namely, by assuming Thomas Carlyle’s notion of the writer as ascetic prophet, who cuts himself free from the propagandist verbiage of the mob to deliver a message that is physically potent in its radical sincerity. Rather than representing Yeats as a disembodied, heroic voice, speaking out of a patriarchal, Romantic tradition, this article depicts him as an anxiously masculine, late-Victorian man of letters, struggling with the expectations his own era placed upon the male body.
Association of lumbosacral transitional vertebra and sacroiliitis in patients with inflammatory back pain suggesting axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Carvajal Alegria Guillermo , Voirin-Hertz Marie , Garrigues Florent , Herbette Marion , Deloire Lucile , Simon Alexandre , Feydy Antoine , Reijnierse Monique , van der Heijde Désirée , Marhadour Thierry , Saraux Alain 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
Lumbosacral transitional vertebras (LSTVs) are common in the general population, but their potential impact on the sacroiliac joints is unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of LSTVs and to assess their associations with sacroiliitis by standard radiography and MRI in a population with suspected axial spondyloarthritis.

Methods
The data were from the DESIR cohort of 688 patients aged 18–50 years with inflammatory low back pain for ⩾3 months but &lt;3 years suggesting axial spondyloarthritis. The baseline pelvic radiographs were read by two blinded readers for the presence and type (Castellvi classification) of LSTVs. Associations between LSTVs and other variables collected at baseline and at the diagnosis were assessed using the χ2 test (or Fisher's exact test) or the Mann–Whitney test.

Results
LSTV was found in 200/688 (29.1%) patients. Castellvi type was Ia in 54 (7.8%), Ib in 76 (11.0%), IIa in 20 (2.9%), IIb in 12 (1.7%), IIIa in 7 (1.0%), IIIb in 21 (3.0%) and IV in 10 (1.4%) patients. Compared with the group without LSTVs, the group with LSTVs had higher proportions of patients meeting modified New York criteria for radiographic sacroiliitis (19% vs 27%, respectively; P = 0.013) and Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society MRI criteria for sacroiliitis (29% vs 39%, respectively; P = 0.019).

Conclusion
In patients with inflammatory back pain suggesting axial spondyloarthritis, LSTVs are associated with both radiographic and MRI sacroiliitis.
The impact of disease extent and severity detected by quantitative ultrasound analysis in the diagnosis and outcome of giant cell arteritis
Authors: Monti Sara , Ponte Cristina , Pereira Claudio , Manzoni Federica , Klersy Catherine , Rumi Federica , Carrara Greta , Hutchings Andrew , Schmidt Wolfgang A , Dasgupta Bhaskar , Caporali Roberto , Montecucco Carlomaurizio , Luqmani Raashid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To develop a quantitative score based on colour duplex sonography (CDS) to predict the diagnosis and outcome of GCA.

Methods
We selected patients with positive CDS and confirmed diagnosis of GCA recruited into the TA Biopsy (TAB) vs Ultrasound in Diagnosis of GCA (TABUL) study and in a validation, independent cohort. We fitted four CDS models including combinations of the following: number and distribution of halos at the TA branches, average and maximum intima–media thickness of TA and axillary arteries. We fitted four clinical/laboratory models. The combined CDS and clinical models were used to develop a score to predict risk of positive TAB and clinical outcome at 6 months.

Results
We included 135 GCA patients from TABUL (female: 68%, age 73 (8) years) and 72 patients from the independent cohort (female: 46%, age 75 (7) years). The best-fitting CDS model for TAB used maximum intima–media thickness size and bilaterality of TA and axillary arteries’ halos. The best-fitting clinical model included raised inflammatory markers, PMR, headache and ischaemic symptoms. By combining CDS and clinical models we derived a score to compute the probability of a positive TAB. Model discrimination was fair (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.77, 95% CI: 0.68, 0.84). No significant association was found for prediction of clinical outcome at 6 months.

Conclusion
A quantitative analysis of CDS and clinical characteristics is useful to identify patients with a positive biopsy, supporting the use of CDS as a surrogate tool to replace TAB. No predictive role was found for worse prognosis.
When Are Women as Corrupt as Men? Gender, Corruption, and Accountability in the UK Parliamentary Expenses Scandal
Authors: Waylen Georgina , Southern Rosalynd 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAre women less corrupt than men? Although research reinforced this popular assumption, proposing more women in government to reduce corruption, recently scholars have challenged it. Analyzing the 2009 UK parliamentary expenses scandal using a gendered institutionalist approach, we show women office-holders’ propensity for corruption is context dependent. Male and female office-holders engage in similarly corrupt behavior when accountability is low. But subsequently when accountability is high, they respond to and are treated differently for perceived “wrong-doing.” Comparing low- and high-accountability contexts using in-depth case-study research shows how the relationship between corruption, accountability, and risk aversion is gendered.
Radon Exposures of Miners at Small Underground Construction Sites in Old Mining: Recommendations to Improve Radiation Protection Measures by the Saxon Radiation Protection Authority
Authors: Dehnert Jörg 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Ore Mountains (Erzgebirge) and Vogtland are low-mountain regions in the East German state of Saxony. Here, silver deposits were found in 1168. Mining began shortly after, continues at varying intensity to this day, and has left numerous galleries and shafts. Today, eight companies with about 250 miners carry out maintenance at more than 40 small and frequently changing underground construction sites throughout the year. Miners are protected against high radon exposure by radiation protection measures such as ventilations, stoppings made of wood, foil, and expanding foam, and staff rotations. However, some of them still show high annual exposure levels; for example, in 2015 up to 14.4 mSv measured by passive radon dosimeters. Reasons for this include the high radon potential in old mining and the natural density driven mine air current through the galleries. Mine air currents can change directions during the day depending on outdoor temperatures. This paper presents the experiences of the Saxon Radiation Protection Authority in monitoring miners in old mining. For this purpose, the paper looks at seven examples of miners’ critical exposures based on measurement curves of radon activity concentration and derives respective radiation protection measures. These encompass, for example, to activate mine fans, erect stoppings, extend ventilation pipes, and change the locations of mine fans. Conclusions are drawn for the operative and strategic radiation protection in old mining.
Specific Gamma-Ray Dose Constants with Current Emission Data
Authors: Peplow Douglas E. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The specific gamma-ray dose constant represents the gamma effective dose rate due to a point source of unit activity of a given nuclide at 1 m. New tabulations of specific gamma-ray dose constants have been made using current gamma emission data from the SCALE 6.2.3 software package and International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 107, combined with the effective dose per fluence conversion coefficients (antero-posterior orientation) of International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 116. SCALE data cover 1,264 nuclides, and International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 107 data include 1,192 nuclides, with only 777 nuclides in common between the two sets.
Estimation of External Dose Rates to Hotel Workers from bed linens Contaminated by 131I Patients
Authors: Foreman C. , Dewji S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Iodine-131 is commonly used in medical diagnosis and therapy for patients with hyperthyroidism or differentiated thyroid cancer. Following treatment, patients may recuperate in a hotel room to avoid exposing family members. The main purpose of this study was to estimate external effective dose rate coefficients to a hotel worker who handles potentially contaminated bed linens due to secretions from 131I patients as sweat or urine. The external dose rate estimates were derived using Monte Carlo radiation transport code and the phantom with movable arms and legs to model a housekeeper standing in an upright position holding a pile of bed linens. Simulations further integrated the body burden of time-dependent biokinetic metabolism of 131I in the patient’s body, differentiating between biokinetic excretion models of hyperthyroid vs. cancer patients. Organ absorbed dose rate and effective dose rate coefficients were calculated for three scenarios of bed linen contamination and estimated out to 5 d postadministration and compared to past 131I patient contamination measurements.
Re-Treatment by Flap Relift Versus Surface Ablation After Myopic Laser In Situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Hecht Idan , Mimouni Michael , Rabina Gilad , Kaiserman Igor 
Published: October 2019

Purpose:
To compare clinical outcomes of patients undergoing first re-treatment by flap relift with those re-treated by surface ablation on the flap after an initial myopic laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedure.

Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort analysis of consecutive patients who underwent myopic LASIK and required re-treatment between January 2007 and December 2016. Cases re-treated by flap relift were propensity score matched with cases re-treated by surface ablation, and clinical outcomes were compared. One eye from each patient was included.

Results:
A total of 1,234 out of 21,191 cases required re-treatment after myopic LASIK during the follow-up period. Surface ablation was performed in 75% of cases and relift in 25%. Patients re-treated by surface ablation were more commonly male (61.8% vs. 48.1%, P < 0.001), were younger (33.2 ± 7.8 vs. 35.2 ± 10 years, P = 0.005), and had thinner corneas (483 ± 46 vs. 502 ± 43 μm, P < 0.001). Propensity score matching was performed for 416 eyes (208 from each group). After matching, differences in baseline characteristics became nonsignificant (P > 0.05). Cases re-treated by surface ablation had a worse safety index (0.98 ± 0.12 vs. 1.02 ± 0.17, P = 0.049), yet better predictability (0.14 ± 0.6 vs. 0.35 ± 0.5 diopters of deviation, P = 0.009), a similar efficacy index (0.92 ± 0.2 vs. 0.93 ± 0.3, P = 0.814), higher rates of haze (5.8% vs. 0.5%, P = 0.002), and a lower risk for epithelial ingrowth (0.5% vs. 8.2%, P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Re-treatment after myopic LASIK with surface ablation resulted in worse safety and higher rates of haze, yet more predictable outcomes and reduced ingrowth rates, compared with re-treatment with flap relift.