bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the image of the state civil service for young people using the example of executive authorities of the Kursk region
Authors: Bessonova E. A. , Postnikova E. M. 
Published: December 2024

The relevance of this research topic is due to the fact that the state civil service in executive authorities is the most important institution of modern society, ensuring the effective functioning of the state apparatus and the implementation of state policy. Attracting young talented specialists to the civil service is a key factor in increasing its efficiency and prestige. However, at present there are a number of problems arising from the current evolution, including low wages, lack of career prospects, and a negative image of civil servants of executive authorities in society.The purpose is develop a roadmap to improve the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people. Objectives: conduct a survey among current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region and students of universities of the Kursk region, process the results obtained, develop a roadmap that includes measures aimed at ensuring a decent level of wages, developing a training program, attracting youth organizations, modern marketing and communications, increasing transparency and openness.Methodology. The methodological basis of the work was an interdisciplinary approach combining elements of sociology, psychology and marketing. Conducting sociological surveys among young people and current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region. The following research methods were used: questionnaires, interviews, analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization.Results. During the study, a survey was conducted among current young civil servants of the executive authorities of the Kursk region and students of universities of the Kursk region, the results were processed, and a roadmap was developed to improve the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people.Conclusion. Improving the image of the state civil service of the executive authorities of the Kursk region for young people is a key factor in attracting young talented specialists to the civil service and increasing its efficiency. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement a set of measures aimed at ensuring a decent level of wages, developing a training program, attracting youth organizations, modern marketing and communications, increasing transparency and openness. Only a systematic approach to solving this problem will increase the prestige of the civil service and attract the best personnel from among young people.
Harmful and Useful Thrips in Medicago sativa L.
Authors: Nikolova Ivelina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Spring alfalfa sowing was grown under non-irrigated conditions in the Experimental field of the Institute of Forage Crops, Pleven, Bulgaria. From 2018 to 2021, forage harvesting was performed at the flowering stage in four regrowth periods during the growing season. Sweeping with an entomological net was used. Canonical relationship analysis revealed that the population density of Thysanoptera phytophagous and predator species was positively related to the temperature while humidity and rainfall negatively affected the thrips numbers. Thirteen species from three families, as well as eight genera of Thysanoptera, were identified. The family Thripidae was the most diverse, with a participation rate of 53.17%, represented by five genera and ten species. The Aeolothripidae family had a participation rate of 44.0% with two species. Harmful species comprised 55.16% of the Thysanoptera species, while useful species accounted for 44.0%. The dominant species, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, 1889, made up 37.38% of the population, followed by the subdominant species T. atratus Haliday (1836) at 9.66%. The dominant species Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall, 1934, accounted for 43.81% of the population density and mostly represented predatory thrips. Throughout the alfalfa growing season, T. tabaci was present, with the highest density observed during the second regrowth from late May to late June. The peak density occurred in the first ten days of June, during the button and early flowering stages. The population dynamics of A. intermedius corresponded with those of T. tabaci, indicating its significant role as a biological agent in alfalfa.
Photosynthetic Activity and Antioxidant Capacity of Perennial Forage Grasses
Authors: Kolaksazov Мarko , Vasileva Ivanina , Katova Aneliya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Analysis of the photosynthetic activity and the antioxidant capacity was carried out on the perennial forage grasses: English ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), Tetramis cultivar, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Albena cultivar, meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) selected population, red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) ecotype Ravnogor and smooth brome (Bromus inermis Leyss.) Nika cultivar. The analysis was performed during the summer and autumn periods of growth and development. As a basic physiological process, photosynthesis is tightly related to the plant tolerance to different stressors. In addition, tolerance to the secondary exerted oxidative stress directly depends on the antioxidant content. The analysis of the antioxidant capacity was performed by the methods of ferric and molybdate reduction. Photosynthetic activity and the amount of photoprotection were determined by chlorophyll fluorescence methods. The results show about a twofold higher increase in photosynthetic activity of the light phase in F. arundinacea, F. pratensis and B. inermis in summer, which increased with about 20% in L. perenne, F. arundinacea, 25% in F. rubra and decreased with about 15% in B. inermis in autumn. However, the levels of photoinhibition were comparatively low, indicating an absence of stress in practice. The antioxidant capacity was five times higher in the smooth brome from the Nika cultivar, as compared with the other grasses. The tall fescue from the Albena cultivar had the highest photosynthetic activity, uninhibited during the measurements under the high, as well as the low temperatures.
Analysis of Pressure Losses in Conventional Hydraulic Manifolds Blocks. A Review
Authors: Țica Narcis-Ioan , Popescu Daniela 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The hydraulic manifold blocks (HMB) are the main components of hydraulic systems. One main problem is the loss of hydraulic energy during operation, which might be as high as 50%. Another problem is the large weight. The scientific literature mentions two research pathways, to solve such issues. The first focuses on conventional HMB constructed by machining process, applied to different configurations. The second focuses on methods to reduce the weight and the energy loss by using additive manufacturing (AM) or laminated blocks (LB). This paper refers only to conventional HMB. The scientific literature usually uses Ansys to estimate the hydraulic energy losses and validates the findings by experiments. Results of significant investigations focusing on the 90º connections, expansion connections, contraction connections, offset connections of holes, V elbows with different angles are discussed in the present paper.
Accident Prevention in Physical Education Lesson at the Faculty of Machine Building and Industrial Management
Authors: Paraschiv Petronela 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Injury prevention during physical education lessons is essential to ensure the safety of students and to enable them to actively participate in sports activities without risk. The term prevention is commonly used to stop or prevent from happening, but it also means to slow, hinder, or prevent an event before it happens. To prevent it is enough to decrease the probability of the occurrence of events from which such accidents result.
Eco-Alliance: Tackling Climate Change in the Caribbean with Chinese FDI
Authors: Zhao Yueshu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the transformative role of Chinese FDI in catalyzing the Caribbean’s transition to renewable energy amidst significant climate vulnerabilities. It investigates the economic impacts of climate-induced disasters in the region, underscoring the necessity for renewable energy solutions to ensure sustainable development. This study highlights the potential benefits for the Caribbean by examining successful Chinese FDI examples in the renewable sectors of Suriname, Brazil, and Argentina. The article is structured to first analyze the region’s climate risks and economic impacts, then examine Chinese FDI’s contributions to renewable energy development, and finally propose policy recommendations for leveraging these investments. Through this analysis, the paper aims to contribute to sustainable development strategies, advocating for targeted policies and international collaboration to build a resilient and sustainable Caribbean in the face of climate change.
Mittag-Leffler Synchronization of Generalized Fractional-Order Reaction-Diffusion Networks Via Impulsive Control
Authors: Cao Yang , Dharani S. , Sivakumar M. , Cader Andrzej , Nowicki Robert 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study is devoted to addressing the problem of robust Mittag-Leffler (ML) synchronization for generalized fractional-order reaction-diffusion networks (GFRDNs) with mixed delays and uncertainties. The proposed GFRDNs include local field GFRDNs and static GFRDNs as its special cases. An impulsive controller is intended to achieve synchronization in GFRDNs, which was previously unsolved in integer-order generalized reaction-diffusion neural networks. Novel synchronization criteria as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) are developed to undertake the ML synchronization beneath investigation. Ensuring conditions can be efficiently solved by means of MATLAB LMI toolbox. Following that, simulations are offered for proving the impact of the findings achieved.
Simulation-based Optimization for Material Handling System: A Cement Plant Case Study
Authors: Fabianová Jana , Rigó Ladislav , Kostovčík Martin , Palinský Ján 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the optimization of material supply and handling using simulations. The primary objective is to reduce loader downtime by improving raw material procurement and revising the work schedule for material delivery and loader operations. Through the adjustments in the scheduling of raw material deliveries, excessive idle times of handling equipment are minimized. A simulation model is designed to compare the current state with the proposed optimized scenario. The reorganization reduced loader downtime by improving raw material procurement. The simulation results indicate a decrease in loader downtime, from 33% to 13% of total available time. The analysis of storage box occupancy reveals a notable increase in supply efficiency at the outdoor landfill. Adjustments enable the delivery of larger quantities of gypsum within shorter timeframes, maximizing stored material without exceeding storage capacity constraints.
The Impact of Videogame Elements in MMORPG on Consumer Retention
Authors: Divieiev Mykyta , Grigaliūnaitė Viktorija 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the modern world, the video game industry has become an integral part of entertainment and is becoming increasingly popular and large-scale. By competently developing a strategy for creating a game and highlighting priorities, companies may be able to increase customer satisfaction and, as a result, customer retention. This research aims to determine the impact of videogame elements on consumer retention in Massively Multiplayer Online Games. The research results revealed that an audio-visual group of elements provides the highest impact on the first impression of the casual player segment, while a content group of elements provides the highest impact on the first impression of the hardcore player segment. Insights from the research results might be applied by companies creating games and seeking to enhance customer retention.
Avian assemblages pattern along forest-tea plantation gradients in the north bank landscape of Eastern Himalaya, Assam, India
Authors: Chetry Vivek , Saikia Prasanta Kumar , Sarma Kuladip , Saikia Malabika Kakati 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The study explores the patterns of avian communities along forest-tea plantation gradients in the north bank landscape of Eastern Himalayas, India, focusing on the Udalguri district of Assam. The present study aims to identify the impact of transitioning from undisturbed forest to tea plantations on bird diversity and composition. Bird surveys were conducted from August 2022 to June 2023 using point count methods at 16 sampling stations. The results revealed that forests exhibited higher species diversity and functional richness than tea plantations, which showed higher functional evenness and divergence. Additionally, forest edges supported greater species richness and abundance, emphasising their conservation significance. The study also observed significant differences in species composition at varying distances from the forest edge. Key species influencing these differences included the Yellow-footed Green Pigeon (Treron phoenicopterus) and various bulbul species (Pycnonotus spp.), indicating habitat sensitivity and edge effects. These findings suggest that while tea plantations can accommodate certain adaptable species, forests play a crucial role in providing habitats for a wider range of avian species. In addition, the study highlights the importance of conserving forest edges and comprehending avian responses to habitat mosaics for effective biodiversity conservation.
Factors influencing nest site selection of the Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis) in an urban area in Karaj, Iran
Authors: Banisaffar Morteza , Shabani Afshin Alizadeh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Urban habitats are rapidly changing, making the conservation and management of species adapted to these environments challenging. Nest site selection is a pivotal point in the process of habitat selection and breeding for bird species. We measured 10 structural and spatial characteristics at 32 nest presence sites and 64 randomly selected nest absence sites of Laughing Doves (Spilopelia senegalensis) in an urban environment in Karaj, Iran. To model the nest site selection, we performed spline binary logistic regression. Two variables significantly influenced the nest site selection of Laughing Doves: nest height above ground, with an optimal range of ~286–347 cm, and nest concealment, favoring invisible places from the front and sides. Distance to opposite building, with an optimal range of ~16–34 m, was marginally significant. Additionally, we surveyed the feasibility of occupying artificial nestboxes (n = 17) by Laughing Doves between February and September 2019. The occupancy rate of the artificial nestboxes was ~35%. Overall, these results suggest that despite the relatively high structural heterogeneity of our urban environment, Laughing Doves exhibit distinct preferences for certain nest site characteristics, which may reflect a dependence on close proximity to humans for safety and access to food and water.
Urban population of the Common Wood Pigeon in Krasnodar
Authors: Lykov Egor L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Data on population density and location of nests of the Common Wood Pigeon (Columba palumbus) in Krasnodar is presented for the first time. The highest population density was recorded in cemeteries (10.4±1.4 pairs/10 ha, reaching 12.1 pairs/10 ha in one cemetery). The population density values in green residential areas with a predominance of 5-story housing blocks and in parks are comparable 2.9±1.2 and 2.7±1.0 pairs/10 ha, respectively. The average Common Wood Pigeon population density in the city was 3.4±0.8 pairs/10 ha. In residential areas with a predominance of 5-story housing blocks, the nests were located in trees and shrubs belonging to 13 taxa, predominantly in ash (18.4%), linden (15.8%), horse chestnut (13.2%) and elm (13.2%) trees. The nests were located at a height of 5.5 to 15 m above the ground, (9.6±0.4 m). The higher location of Common Wood Pigeon nests in Krasnodar compared to other European cities is probably associated with a lower level of predation by the Hooded Crow (Corvus cornix). The Common Wood Pigeon began to breed in Krasnodar in the early 2000s during a period of a phenomenal upsurge in construction activity in the city when the pace of development was comparable to that in Moscow.
Population density and distribution of the Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo) in the Republic of Mordovia (Middle Volga)
Authors: Andreychev Alexey , Lapshin Alexander , Kuznetsov Vyacheslav , Alpeev Maksim , Lapshin Igor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We determined the population density and number of Eurasian Eagle-Owl in one of the regions of Russia (Republic of Mordovia). The work was carried out over sixteen years (2009–2024). The studies were conducted using methods of direction finding of vocalizing birds with subsequent search for nests and with the use of digital voice recorders. The Eurasian Eagle-Owl reliably lives in 16 out of 22 districts (72.7%). During our research, we built more than 60 artificial nests, in which Eurasian Eagle-Owls subsequently settled. In total, during the research period, 89 Eurasian Eagle-Owl habitats (of which 38 in four stationary sites), 125 nesting cases, and 214 chicks were identified. Over the entire period, the birds laid 282 eggs. Productivity for couples was 76%. The most successful years in terms of the number of eggs and chicks in nests were 2014, 2018, 2022, 2023. The density of the Eurasian Eagle-Owl population ranges from 3.1 to 5 pairs per 100 km2. The total population density in the open spaces of the region can reach 583 habitats. The presence of a large number of ravines with stands determines the high population density of Eurasian Eagle-Owl in Mordovia. Making artificial nesting boxes in ravines improves the suitability of breeding sites and promotes better survival of young individuals.
Vulnerable bird species and avian mortality due to predation by domestic cat (Felis catus) in anthropogenically transformed landscapes of the Bukovynian Carpathians
Authors: Yuzyk Andriy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The domestic cat (Felis catus) poses a significant threat to bird fauna, particularly in the urbanised, anthropogenically transformed landscapes of the Bukovynian Carpathians, Ukraine. This study aimed to determine the annual bird mortality rate due to cat predation and identify vulnerable species to this threat. Using the Monte Carlo method with 10,000 iterations, mortality rates were calculated. Data were gathered from sociological surveys, field observations, and scientific publications. The methodology included estimating the number of rural pets and feral cats across 877.9 km2, calculating population density, and assessing bird predation. Annually, an average of 509,000 birds are killed, with a 95% mortality estimate range between 188.6 thousand and 1,008.6 thousand, which highlights the cats’ impact on local bird populations. Linear regression models were developed to predict bird mortality based on cat population size. The regression formulae are nBFC = 44.10 * nFC for feral cats and nBRP = 32.92 * nRP for rural pets. A total of 62 vulnerable bird species were identified in these landscapes of the Bukovynian Carpathians.
Domed nests do not offer additional environmental protection in some songbirds
Authors: Charles Deeming D. , Badham Ashleigh , Kidman Grace 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nest architecture in birds is highly variable ranging from simple scrapes through to elaborate woven constructions. In species that nest in open situations the nest can have a cup open to the elements or the nest has a dome positioned over the cup. The functional properties of domed nests have yet to be explored and this study compared the thermal insulation and rainproofing properties of nests built by four species of European songbird, two of which build domed nests whereas the others build open cup nests. Insulatory values were recorded using temperature loggers. Nests were exposed to a simulated rain event and the amount of water absorbed and the minutes for the nest to dry were determined. The nests were then deconstructed into their component parts. Materials used to build the nests differed among the species. Differences in thermal insulation were associated with the species and the size of the nest. The amount of water absorbed by a nest during a simulated rainfall event was negatively associated with the size of the nest. Feathers and moss had significant positive effects on thermal insulation and rainproofing, respectively. There was no significant difference between domed and open nests in terms of thermal insulation or rainproofing, except for the time taken for a nest to dry, which showed a significant interaction between nest mass and type of nest. Insulatory values and degree of rainproofing were like data from previous reports for songbird nests of comparable size. That no differences observed between domed and open cup nests in the species studied may reflect similarity among species, although it may be due to a paucity of data from a wider range of species building domed nests.
Communal nesting ecology of Little Tern (Sternula albifrons) and Small Pratincole (Glareola lactea) in two seasonally emerged riverine islands in Bangladesh
Authors: Sadik Allama Shibli , Datta Ashis Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The nesting ecology of two wetland-dependent bird species, the Little Tern (Sternula albifrons) and the Small Pratincole (Glareola lactea) were studied in two seasonally emerged riverine islands, locally named as charlands in Padma River of Bangladesh. A total of 269 and 299 nests of Little Tern and Small Pratincole were found in the breeding season of 2022. We monitored 70 nests of the two species from two charlands, and the nesting success was 74.28% and 78.57%, respectively. No correlation was found between nesting success of both species in relation to clutch size, nest height, nest depth and presence of vegetation near nest. We found strong positive correlation between nesting success and nest distance to river for Little Tern. Nesting success was higher if the Little Tern’s nests were located far from the river channel. However, no such trends were observed for Small Pratincole in the study area. The main factor affecting Little Tern nesting success was nest predation by avian predator (n = 6) and tropical storms (n = 3). On the contrary, eight Small Pratincole nests were predated by avian predators and four nests were lost due to storm. However, in case of 12 deserted nests (with unhatched eggs) of both species, no apparent reasons were identified. The study suggests that these charlands, if protected from human interferences, can provide great breeding support for colonial ground nesting waterbirds.
Impact of Thermal Process on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Rabbit Meat
Authors: Mastan O.A. , Longodor A. L. , Maris S. , Becze A. , Andronie L. , Pop I. , MesaroȘ D. , Coroian A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Rabbit meat represents food with a chemical composition beneficial to the human body. Due to its protein content and low fat levels, it is widely used in the diet of people with various health problems. Through preparation and heat treatments, some components lose their value, and these treatments can also increase the content of compounds that can be toxic to the human body. The sensory characteristics obtained after frying and smoking are appreciated by most consumers. The highest average values are for phenanthrene, both in smoked and fried meats and in raw rabbit meat. Among the hydrocarbons analyzed, benzo(a)anthracene is in the lowest quantity, This study shows the influence of some cooking, frying and smoking processes on the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in rabbit meat.