bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical reappraisal of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey
Authors: Kessler Ronald C. , Al‐Desouki Majid , King Andrew J. , Sampson Nancy A. , Al‐Subaie Abdullah S. , Al‐Habeeb Abdulhameed , Bilal Lisa , Shahab Mona K. , Aradati Maggie , Altwaijri Yasmin A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe DSM‐IV diagnoses generated by the fully structured lay‐administered Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 (CIDI 3.0) in the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS) were compared to diagnoses based on blinded clinical reappraisal interviews.MethodsTelephone follow‐up interviews were administered using the clinician‐administered non‐patient edition of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID) in separate sub‐samples of SNMHS respondents who screened positive for four disorders that are of special importance in Arab countries: obsessive–compulsive disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, and major depressive episode.ResultsInitial diagnoses based on the CIDI were found to have higher prevalence than those based on the SCID for all four disorders. For reasons having to do with respondent denial of symptoms in the SCID reported in the CIDI, we interpreted these differences as due more to under‐diagnoses in the SCID than over‐diagnoses in the CIDI. Nonetheless, CIDI diagnostic thresholds for three of the four disorders were increased to make sure prevalence estimates based on the CIDI were conservative. The procedures used to implement these recalibrations are described in this paper.ConclusionsThe CIDI interviews used in the SNMHS generated valid but conservative diagnoses of common mental disorders in the Saudi population.
The Saudi National Mental Health Survey: Survey instrument and field procedures
Authors: Altwaijri Yasmin A. , Al‐Habeeb Abdulhameed , Bilal Lisa , Shahab Mona K. , Pennell Beth‐Ellen , Mneimneh Zeina , Bin Mummar Abdulrahman , Baig Mansoor , Talal Naseem Mohamad , Hyder Sanaa , Akkad Luma , Al‐Subaie Abdullah S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo present an overview of the survey and field procedures developed for the Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS).MethodsThe SNMHS is a face‐to‐face community epidemiological survey of DSM‐IV mental disorders in a nationally representative sample of the household population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) (n = 4,004). The SNMHS was implemented as part of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative. WMH carries out coordinated psychiatric epidemiological surveys in countries throughout the world using standardized procedures designed to provide valid cross‐national comparative data on prevalence and correlates of common mental disorders. However, these procedures need to be adapted to the unique experiences in each country. We focus here on the adaptations made for the SNMHS.ResultsModifications were needed to several interview sections and expansions were needed to address issues of special policy importance in KSA. Several special field implementation challenges also had to be addressed because of the need for female interviewers to travel with male escorts and for respondents to be interviewed by interviewers of the same gender.ConclusionsThoughtful revisions led to a high‐quality field implementation in the SNMHS.
Engineering and characterization of a pH‐sensitive homodimeric antiparallel coiled coil
Authors: Nagarkar Radhika P. , Fichman Galit , Schneider Joel P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStructure‐based engineering starting from the antiparallel coiled coil domain of the Bcr‐Abl oncoprotein (BCR30‐65) afforded a new homodimeric antiparallel coiled coil whose folding is responsive to solution pH. The BCR30‐65 homodimer contains two glutamic acids (Glu52) buried in its hydrophobic core which one would expect to impart pH responsive folding behavior. Surprisingly, BCR30‐65 is resistant to thermal denaturation over a wide pH range. This behavior arises from stabilizing salt bridges formed between solvent‐exposed Arg55 and Glu52 that passivates the glutamates’ negative charge within the protein’s core. Replacing Arg55 with alanine imparts pH‐responsive folding behavior, but also results in the loss of directional specificity between the coiled coil’s helices. We find that an Ile42Glu mutation preserves the salt bridges and imparts the desired pH responsive folding behavior. The Ile42Glu protein forms an antiparallel homodimeric coiled coil under acidic conditions but unfolds under basic conditions and is only marginally less thermally stable compared to BCR30‐65.
Smooth, time‐invariant regulation of nonholonomic systems via energy pumping‐and‐damping
Authors: Yi Bowen , Ortega Romeo , Zhang Weidong 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn this article we propose an energy pumping‐and‐damping technique to regulate nonholonomic systems described by kinematic models. The controller design follows the widely popular interconnection and damping assignment passivity‐based methodology, with the free matrices partially structured. Two asymptotic regulation objectives are considered: drive tozerothe state or drive the systemstotal energyto a desired constant value. In both cases, the control laws aresmooth, time‐invariant, state‐feedbacks. For the nonholonomic integrator we give an almost global solution for both problems, with the objectives ensured for all system initial conditions starting outside a set that has zero Lebesgue measure and is nowhere dense. For the general case of higher order nonholonomic systems in chained form, a local convergence result is given. Simulation results comparing the performance of the proposed controller with other existing designs are also provided.
Emerging Group‐VI Elemental 2D Materials: Preparations, Properties, and Device Applications
Authors: Lin Ziyuan , Wang Cong , Chai Yang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDue to the ultrathin thickness and dangling‐bond‐free surface, 2D materials have been regarded as promising candidates for future nanoelectronics. In recent years, group‐VI elemental 2D materials have been rediscovered and found superior in electrical properties (e.g., high carrier mobility, high photoconductivity, and thermoelectric response). The outstanding semiconducting properties of group‐VI elemental 2D materials enable device applications including high‐performance field‐effect transistors and optoelectronic devices. The excellent environmental stability also facilitates fundamental studies and practical applications of group‐VI elemental 2D materials. This Review first focuses on the crystal structures of group‐VI elemental 2D materials. Afterward, preparation methods for nanostructures of group‐VI materials are introduced with comprehensive studies. A brief Review of the electronic structures is then presented with an understanding of the electrical properties. This Review also contains the device applications of group‐VI elemental 2D materials, emphasizing transistors, photodetectors, and other appealing applications. Finally, this Review provides an outlook for the development of group‐VI elemental 2D materials, highlighting the challenges and opportunities in fundamental studies and technological applications.
Value of cervical electrical impedance spectroscopy to predict spontaneous preterm delivery in asymptomatic women: the ECCLIPPx prospective cohort study
Authors: Anumba D. O. C. , Stern V. , Healey J. T. , Dixon S. , Brown B. H. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesPreterm birth (PTB) accounts for two‐thirds of deaths of structurally normal babies and is associated with substantial lifetime healthcare costs. Prevention of PTB remains limited by the modest accuracy of prediction methods, namely transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) cervical length (CL) measurement and quantitative cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (FFN) estimation. We report the first substantive study detailing the predictive performance of a cervical probe device based on electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for PTB – the EleCtriCaL Impedance Prediction of Preterm birth by spectroscopy of the cervix (ECCLIPPx) study. We aimed to compare the accuracy of cervical EIS‐based prediction of spontaneous PTB with that of prediction using TVS‐CL and FFN in asymptomatic women in the mid‐trimester.MethodsWe studied asymptomatic women with a singleton pregnancy at 20–22 weeks' and 26–28 weeks' gestation. EIS was performed using a Sheffield Mark 5.0 device that makes measurements in the frequency range 76 Hz to 625 kHz using a small probe housing tetrapolar electrodes. TVS‐CL and FFN were also measured. The associations of cervical EIS, TVS‐CL and FFN with spontaneous delivery before 37 weeks and before 32 weeks were determined by multivariate linear and non‐linear logistic regression analysis. Areas under the receiver‐operating‐characteristics curves (AUC) plots of sensitivity against specificity were used to compare the predictive performance of all parameters, both in isolation and in combination.ResultsOf the 365 asymptomatic women studied at 20–22 weeks who were not receiving treatment, 29 had spontaneous PTB, 14 had indicated PTB and 322 had term birth. At the higher frequencies assessed, cervical EIS predicted spontaneous PTB before 37 weeks with an AUC of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.71–0.81), compared with AUCs of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.66–0.76) for TVS‐CL and 0.62 (95% CI, 0.56–0.72) for FFN. Combining all three assessments improved the prediction of spontaneous PTB before 37 weeks (AUC, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.74–0.83)) compared with TVS‐CL and FFN alone. Incorporating a history of spontaneous PTB (defined as previous mid‐trimester miscarriage or spontaneous PTB (14 to < 37 weeks)) into the cervical EIS prediction model improved the accuracy of prediction of spontaneous PTB before 37 weeks (AUC, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.78–0.87)) and before 32 weeks (AUC, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82–0.90)).ConclusionsMid‐trimester cervical EIS assessment predicts spontaneous PTB. Larger confirmatory studies investigating its potential clinical utility and to inform effective preventive interventions are required. © 2020 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Properties of butyl acrylate polymers synthesized by radiation and miniemulsion polymerization techniques as flexible coating for packaging materials
Authors: Ibrahim Saber , Lotfy Salah 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA soft‐segment homopolymer of the monomer butyl acrylate was synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization to study the unique properties of poly(n‐butyl acrylate) [P(nBuA)] as flexible coating. The nanostructure and linear properties of P(nBuA) synthesized using radiation and radical polymerization techniques were investigated. The molar mass and particle size of the prepared P(nBuA) polymers were characterized using size‐exclusion chromatography and a particle‐size analyzer, respectively. Photo‐initiation of P(nBuA) was induced by 2,2‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone in the presence of the crosslinkers polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), bisphenol A ethoxylated diacrylate (BPAEDA), or trimethylpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), followed by crosslinking by ionizing radiation. The dynamic mechanical analysis parameters—tangent delta, storage modulus, and loss modulus—were determined for the three prepared crosslinked polymers of P(nBuA) and showed that P(nBuA‐BPAEDA), P(nBuA‐PEGDA), and P(nBuA‐TMPTA) are strong and flexible materials. Thermal gravimetric analysis was used to study the thermal behavior of the prepared elastic P(nBuA) polymers. Thermal gravimetric data revealed that the crosslinkers improved the thermal stability of P(nBuA). The favorable properties of the synthesized polymers indicate their potential to be used as flexible nanocoatings for packaging materials.
Creativity and Global Citizenship Education
Authors: Glăveanu Vlad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis chapter explores the conceptual connections between two increasingly popular concepts nowadays, creativity and global citizenship. It starts by distinguishing between mainstream and critical approaches to both and argues for a sociocultural framework that places open-mindedness, dialogue, ethics and participation at the heart of educating for creativity and global citizenship. Five guiding principles for such an education are outlined and discussed in turn: (1) seeking differences; (2) valuing multiplicity; (3) promoting dialogue; (4) increasing participation; and (5) acting ethically. In the end, the challenges and opportunities associated with fostering creativity and global citizenship from a critical, sociocultural perspective are reflected upon.
The Construction of Citizenship in Kazakhstan Between the Soviet Era and Globalization
Authors: Seidikenova Almash , Akkari Abdeljalil , Bakitov Aitkali 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFrom the Soviet era to the present day, conceptions of Kazakh citizenship have undergone continuous transformations, notably due to changes in political regimes, shifts in the demographic composition, and economic fluctuations. Despite its tumultuous history, Kazakhstan has managed to forge a flexible approach to citizenship and relatively peaceful relationships between the county’s different ethnic groups. In today’s post-independence nationhood, Kazakhstan may represent a unique case of citizenship building in the context of globalization.The first part of this chapter addresses the ambiguities concerning conceptions of citizenship during the Soviet era, which were marked not only by deportations, evacuations, voluntary and involuntary migrations but also by a rhetoric that depicted Kazakhstan as the ‛Promised Land’ benefiting from the Soviet Union’s friendship. The second part analyzes citizenship building following the county’s independence in 1991 that could be described as a subtle blend of Soviet heritage and renewed Kazakh national identity. The third part will focus on the transformations driven by the country’s economic globalization and new migratory flows. Finally, the fourth part suggests that Kazakhstan’s trilingual policy may open up new prospects for global citizenship education (GCE).
Global Citizenship Through the Lens of Indigenous Pedagogies in Australia and New Zealand. A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Bagnall Nigel , Moore Sarah Jane 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis chapter looks at the need for inclusive teaching especially for minority groups. It draws upon the experiences of two Pacific Nation’s with different histories and cultural traditions: The Maori in New Zealand and the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders’ in Australia. Drawing on over 40 years teaching and researching in national schools, international schools and universities, we show how complex the global classroom has become. In particular, we look at the way education in New Zealand has much to teach Indigenous members of the global classroom. We raise the question of the Aboriginal voice in current Australian educational provision. How to be heard and what more needs to be done to include all the strands of Australian inhabitants, not just the most recent arrivals.
Global Citizenship Education in West Africa: A Promising Concept?
Authors: Lauwerier Thibaut 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFrom early 2010, the concept of Global Citizenship Education (GCE) has been mainstreamed into international discourse and to a lesser extent in national discourse. Alongside education for sustainable development and education for peace, GCE has become the new buzzword in international development policies. However, its implementation remains problematic, especially in contexts such as West Africa where it faces major challenges. The exogenous origin of GCE and the lack of local stakeholders’ involvement could diminish the relevance of the concept. Moreover, many multi-ethnic West African countries are still facing issues surrounding national citizenship and citizenship education. In this chapter, we discuss the potential of GCE in Francophone West Africa by reviewing the scientific literature on the topic.
Citizenship Education in Post-conflict Contexts: The Case of Algeria
Authors: Abdellatif Mami Naouel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn most post-conflict contexts, weakened by the large scale of destruction, efforts are often directed towards rebuilding society through preparing citizens to manage conflictual relationships and rebuild at both social and identity levels. This obviously requires the support of citizenship education that models attitudes and civic practices as well as building civic competences.This chapter focuses on two post-conflict periods in Algerian history. Firstly, we consider the post-colonial period characterized by the need of Algerian society to unite behind a national identity and achieve what the former president Houari Boumedien called “l’Etat – Nation” (the Nation State). From this perspective, we examine the historical complexities around citizenship education in Algeria comprised of three-identity components, namely ‘Algerianity’, Arabization and Islam. Secondly, we analyze the challenges of citizenship education following Algeria’s ‘Black Decade’ civil war that ended at the start of this millennium. At that time, civic identity was very much influenced by a growing rejection of religious extremism. Finally, we discuss multi-level case studies of educational reforms related to citizenship education as well as changes in the Algerian educational system in terms of participation, conceptions of citizenship, an openness to discuss controversial issues linked to freedom of expression, human rights issues, the participation of women and contextual values of development.
Asymmetric Unimodal Maps with Non-universal Period-Doubling Scaling Laws
Authors: Kozlovski Oleg , van Strien Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe consider a family of strongly-asymmetric unimodal maps $$\{f_t\}_{t\in [0,1]}$$

{

f
t

}

t
∈
[
0
,
1
]

of the form $$f_t=t\cdot f$$

f
t

=
t
·
f

where $$f:[0,1]\rightarrow [0,1]$$

f
:
[
0
,
1
]
→
[
0
,
1
]

is unimodal, $$f(0)=f(1)=0$$

f
(
0
)
=
f
(
1
)
=
0

, $$f(c)=1$$

f
(
c
)
=
1

is of the form and $$\begin{aligned} f(x)=\left\{ \begin{array}{ll} 1-K_-|x-c|+o(|x-c|)&{} \text{ for } x<c, \\ 1-K_+|x-c|^\beta + o(|x-c|^\beta ) &{} \text{ for } x>c, \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}$$

f

(
x
)

=

1
-

K
-

|
x
-
c
|
+
o
(
|
x
-
c
|
)

for

x
<
c
,

1
-

K
+

|
x
-
c
|

β

+
o
(
|
x
-
c
|

β

)

for

x
>
c
,

where we assume that $$\beta >1$$

β
>
1

. We show that such a family contains a Feigenbaum–Coullet–Tresser $$2^\infty $$

2
∞

map, and develop a renormalization theory for these maps. The scalings of the renormalization intervals of the $$2^\infty $$

2
∞

map turn out to be super-exponential and non-universal (i.e. to depend on the map) and the scaling-law is different for odd and even steps of the renormalization. The conjugacy between the attracting Cantor sets of two such maps is smooth if and only if some invariant is satisfied. We also show that the Feigenbaum–Coullet–Tresser map does not have wandering intervals, but surprisingly we were only able to prove this using our rather detailed scaling results.
Gender Differences in Postoperative Pain, Nausea and Vomiting After Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Salazar‐Parra Marcela , Guzman‐Ramirez Bertha Georgina , Pintor‐Belmontes Kevin Josue , Barbosa‐Camacho Francisco José , Bernal‐Hernández Aldo , Cruz‐Neri Roberto Ulises , Fuentes‐Orozco Clotilde , Aguirre Laura Lizeth Reyes , Rodríguez‐Navarro Dinorah , Brancaccio‐Pérez Irma Valeria , Esparza‐Estrada Isaac , Cervantes‐Pérez Enrique , Cervantes‐Guevara Gabino , Cervantes‐Cardona Guillermo Alonso , González‐Ojeda Alejandro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough reports suggest that pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) may be more frequent in women, the evidence is inconsistent. The objective of this study was to investigate whether women are more sensitive to pain and PONV after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).MethodsA total of 370 women and 275 men were included in a retrospective cohort study. All underwent LC under standardized general anesthesia. The variables analyzed included clinical and anthropometric parameters. End points were the incidence of nausea, vomiting, pain, and the requirement for additional pain relievers and antiemetics to control these.ResultsThe women were younger and had lower body weight than the men (p < 0.001). Body mass index was within the normal range for 50% of women and 30% of men (p < 0.001). Pain was more common in women at 1, 6, 12 and 24 h after surgery (p < 0.02). Narcotics in addition to the doses used to lessen pain intensity (p = 0.01) were required in 60 women and 19 men (p < 0.001). PONV was more frequent in women at 1 and 6 h after surgery (p < 0.01). Rescue antiemetics were required in 35 women and 11 men (p = 0.008). Hospital stay was shorter for men (p < 0.001). Four patients in each group developed postoperative complications (p = 0.14). There was no mortality.ConclusionsEarly postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting after LC were more common in women, who more frequently required analgesic and antiemetic rescue medication.
Anorectal angle at rest predicting successful sacral nerve stimulation in idiopathic fecal incontinence—a cohort analysis
Authors: Kollmann Cathérine T. , Pretzsch Elise B. , Kunz Andreas , Isbert Christoph , Krajinovic Katica , Reibetanz Joachim , Kim Mia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Sacral nerve stimulation is an effective treatment for patients suffering from fecal incontinence. However, less is known about predictors of success before stimulation. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of successful sacral nerve stimulation in patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence.

Methods
Consecutive female patients, receiving peripheral nerve evaluation and sacral nerve stimulation between September 2008 and October 2014, suffering from idiopathic fecal incontinence were included in this study. Preoperative patient’s characteristics, anal manometry, and defecography results were collected prospectively and investigated by retrospective analysis. Main outcome measures were independent predictors of treatment success after sacral nerve stimulation.

Results
From, all in all, 54 patients suffering from idiopathic fecal incontinence receiving peripheral nerve evaluation, favorable outcome was achieved in 23 of 30 patients after sacral nerve stimulation (per protocol 76.7%; intention to treat 42.6%). From all analyzed characteristics, wide anorectal angle at rest in preoperative defecography was the only independent predictor of favorable outcome in multivariate analysis (favorable 134.1 ± 13.9° versus unfavorable 118.6 ± 17.1°).

Conclusions
Anorectal angle at rest in preoperative defecography might present a predictor of outcome after sacral nerve stimulation in patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence.