bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between ultrasound velocity, density and strength in metal-ceramic composites with added hollow spheres
Authors: Tatarinov A , Shishkin A , Mironovs V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Ultrasound velocity is known as a non-destructive predictor of strength in some construction materials like concrete. In multi-phase materials, where the physical properties of components differ by orders, the strength prediction becomes more ambiguous due to more complicated interactions between the components. As an example of such material, sintered metal-ceramic composites with added hollow spheres were taken. The matrix was a mixture of powdered iron and clay, where hollow admixtures were cenospheres or microsphreres of fly ash. By varying the iron-to-clay ratio, sintering temperature and cenospheres content, 17.4% variation of the bulk density ρ and 35.3% variation of the compression strength σ were achieved. Ultrasound velocity C was measured in cylindrical specimens and showed 8.6% variation. All mentioned parameters positively correlated with each other. The relationship between C and σ had expressed non-linear character. Normalization of the relationship by ρ helped improving the C-σ correlation. The non-linear monotonous function C = ρ−2·Ϭ−4 provided the closest correlation with the Spearman rank correlation coefficient 0.942 and the Pearson linear correlation coefficient 0.943. The hollow spheres content was the main determinant of density ρ in this material.
Evaluation of Bridge and Landscape Interactions
Authors: Rozentale I , Paeglitis A , Smirnovs J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The community has become more and more focused on preserving the natural landscape. That is an essential part of the quality of human life. Every member of society wants to enjoy a high-quality landscape. That is evidenced by the documents adopted in recent years, which set out how to evaluate the interaction between structures and landscape. The European Landscape Convention covers all areas with both natural and human-changed landscape. These paper analyses methods and criteria for the assessment of bridges as a component of the landscape, focusing on the possibilities and experiences of applying multi-criteria methods. Particular attention dedicated to the interaction between the bridge and the environment, the criteria and methods for its assessment, which is one of the stages of the visual (technical and visual) and aesthetic (separate elements and overall design) of the bridges, which includes both landscape and bridge impact assessment. Paper analysis the possible application of criteria and methods for evaluation of existing and new bridges as a part of the landscape.
Natural vibration of stepped nanoplate with crack on an elastic foundation
Authors: Hossain M , Lellep J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The small scale effect on the vibrational characteristic of isotropic, rectangular nanoplate embedded in an elastic medium is investigated. The formulation is based on the plate theory on aggregate with the nonlocal elasticity theory. The solution procedure is derived using the governing differential equations of physical phase that are converted into set of linear algebraic equations. Latter these are solved by computer code. The effects of aspect ratio, step, crack and rotatory inertia on the different modal vibrations of nanoplate are explored. The results show the significant effect of different physical and geometrical parameters on the vibration of nanoplate.
Effect of water-binder ratio on properties of phosphogypsum binder
Authors: Bumanis G , Zorica J , Bajare D , Korjakins A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Technological, physical and mechanical properties of mineral binders are often defined by the amount of water add to the binder known as W/B ratio. The role of water is contributed to the workability of fresh paste, hydration processes, porosity, mechanical performance and durability of the material. Present research summarizes the relationship between gypsum based binder W/B ratio in mixture composition to properties of hardened gypsum binder, giving a marginal borders of properties affected by W/B. The W/B ratios evaluated were from 0.3 to 1.15. Dihydrate phosphogypsum (PG), which is a waste of phosphorus fertilizer industry and commercial gypsum binder were used as a raw material for production of gypsum samples and results compared to commercial gypsum binder. At the beginning PG was dried at 60°C and afterwards homogenized by milling it in ball mill or by collision milling in disintegrator. Samples were made with plasticizers, mineral additives and foam forming additive. In this work 26 dense and 9 porous mixture compositions was summarized, from which 18 compositions were made from commercial binder for comparison. A series of performance properties of the binders were investigated, such as density, porosity and 14d compression strength regarding to W/B ratio used to prepare the samples. The chemical and mineralogical composition of PG used was determined by XRF and XRD. The results indicate that plasticizers in PG based gypsum binder could reduce W/B ratio from 1.15 down to 0.4. The PG binder bulk density for samples without pore forming admixture was in range from 726 – 1600 kg/m3, total porosity 35 – 71 vol.% and compressive strength from 1.4 to 28.7 MPa at the age of 14 d. Ultra porous gypsum material was obtained with the pore forming agent, which allowed to obtain gypsum based material with bulk density from 213 – 726 kg/m3, total porosity from 67.9 – 90.6 % and compressive strength from 0.2 – 0.8 MPa. Results show that the material density and strength decreases while porosity tends to increases with the increase of W/B ratio. These tendencies are true both for dense and porous specimens. It was concluded, that lowest W/B of dense PG specimens was 0.43, otherwise the workability of a binder decreased dramatically and decrease of compressive strength was observed. With the same W/B ratio the technological properties of PG binder may be affected by gypsum treatment parameters and selected mixture composition, allowing to improve the properties of gypsum binder obtained from same raw material.
Biodegradation studies of sapropel-based composite materials
Authors: Obuka V. , Muter O. , Sinka M. , Klavins M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTraditional composite materials used for construction purposes currently face many questions regarding their sustainability – mainly because they do not come from renewable sources and due to the problems related to their end-of-life management. These challenges motivate companies and researchers to look at the natural fiber composite materials with increased interest. Usually natural fiber materials in construction are used together with mineral binders, but in this research new organic binder – sapropel (organic rich lake sediments) is used as a binder for natural fiber composite materials with various fillers. In previous research these composite materials have proven their applicability in construction industry due to their sufficient mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity. Thus, in this research evaluation of the biodegradability of composite materials were done, comparing them to natural fiber materials with mineral binders. As a methods respiration intensity of microorganisms in soil and enzyme activity of microorganisms were used. For studied materials biodegradability potential have been examined, depending on the filler properties and presence of mineral matter content in the obtained composite materials.
Environmental study and valorization of an ashy waste: case of pyrrhotite ash
Authors: Achik M , Oulmekki A , Ijjaali M , Benmoussa H , Kizinievic O 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Pyrrhotite ash is an industrial waste which is currently stored in large quantities in a large area in southwest of Morocco. The literature review revealed that this waste has been used by some cement industries and has not been the subject of any environmental study or valuation in another area. This work focuses on the environmental study of pyrrhotite ash. This study consists of a dynamic test with renewing lixiviate more particularly the leaching tank test. The protocol used is extracted from the Dutch standard NEN 7345 with modification of the volume of water used and the number of extraction. Quantitative analysis by ICP has shown that pyrrhotite ash releases heavy metals in aqueous medium. However, the concentration of these is very low compared to the limits estimated by the Dutch standard adapted to the Moroccan hydrological context (MBMD), this result encouraged us to find a way to valorise this waste and to make it a raw material for the manufacture of terracotta bricks made of clay.
Tension control adaptive system synthesis used in winding of products made of “dry” composite material
Authors: Mikitinsky A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Products made by winding are widely used in many industries. The winding control systems requires synthesis of tension control regulators taking into account the specific features of this process. They determine the requirements for the synthesis of control regulators made of modern materials. Synthesis methods do not take into account the peculiarities of the “wet” composite tape. This article deals with the tension control adaptive system used in winding.
Calculation of Stress-strain State of the Microtunneling Shield Housing
Authors: Grinko D A , Khoroshev A S , Zemlyanoy M A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The work reviews the strength calculation of the microtunneling shield housing shell and bed plates of hydraulic cylinders of the mobile set. Based on the requirements for maximum loads on the shield, the analytical calculation of the housing shell thickness and basic design parameters of the tunneling shield bed plate was made. The bending moments and normal forces effecting on the housing were defined in analytical way. The calculation method was offered for the required solid shell of the shield housing considering the allowed values of its deformation due to the necessary construction clearance between the inner surface of the housing shell and mounted support. The numerical modelling of the stress-strain state of the tunneling shield housing was made using the finite-element method on the basis of solid model with due regard to the design peculiarities of the tunneling shield. The numerical modelling confirms the results of analytical calculation of design parameters of the tunneling shield.
Algorithm of linear discrete filtering with fuzzy modification of structure
Authors: Eliseev A , Sokolova O 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper considers a task of processing measurements to determine the state vector of a dynamic object, for example, an aircraft. A linear discrete filtering algorithm based on the Kalman filter is proposed. It is capable of modifying its structure using fuzzy expert system depending on the intensity of the object maneuver. The performance and efficiency of the algorithm are confirmed by the results of numerical simulation.
Container storage tariff policy analysis using combining game theory and system dynamics approach
Authors: Budianto A G , Wirjodirdjo B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the storage tariff setting policy. The main purpose of this paper is to give consideration to optimal tariffs based on alternative strategies that reduce dwelling time. The main problem is the basic tariff for container storage in Container Yard is too cheap. This low-cost tariff of the storage container is used by customers so that containers are piled too long in Container Yard and cause dwelling time to be high. This has an impact on the congestion effect and the decline in utilities in the container terminal. This problem has complexity and suitability with System Dynamics. The linkage system between one cause and another cause will be modelled with System Dynamics so that the estimated output of container flows can be obtained. Furthermore, with the Non-Cooperative Game approach, a payoff matrix table will be obtained which contains the total profit obtained by the container terminal management and the total cost incurred by the customer. The main factors considered in the payoff matrix are the estimated container flows, the container storage tariff and the length of time accumulated in Container Yard. Finally, the optimal tariff from both sides was found (Nash Equilibrium), from the point of view of terminal container management and customer. This will help terminal management to make the right decision.
Optimisation of subtractive rapid prototyping process parameters using response surface methodology
Authors: Suteja T J , Hadiyat M A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Subtractive rapid prototyping machine is the most suitable tool to manufacture a polymer based prosthetic part because it is able to achieve a low surface roughness value for a complex and customised part. Many investigations have been conducted to explain the relation among the surface roughness value, the material rate removal, and the subtractive rapid prototyping process parameters. It is important to find the optimum process parameters in order to achieve the most efficient and productive process. However, none of the research found in the literature optimises the subtractive rapid prototyping process parameters in fabricating polycarbonate part. Therefore, this research aims to find the optimum process parameters to achieve the lowest arithmetic average of surface roughness value of the polycarbonate part in maximum material removal rate. In this research, the response surface methodology is implemented to optimised feed rate, step-over, and depth of cut of the subtractive rapid prototyping process. This research finds the feed rate, step-over, and depth of cut values that can be used to achieve the best result in manufacturing of polycarbonate material.
How do the Indonesian ecologically conscious millennials value upcycled clothing?
Authors: Parung C A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Upcycling is a form of green action in the area of product management and it is a new emerging trend nowadays. According to the findings of previous researches, Ecologically Conscious Consumer (ECC) tends to purchase more sustainable products, including environmentally-friendly fashion products. However, though upcycled products are classed as environmentally-friendly products, there has not been any research yet confirming that ECC in developing country likes Indonesia value and has interest in purchasing it. The aim of this research is to identify green consumer behaviour in Indonesia towards upcycled clothing. An online survey was conducted through online questionnaires to find the relationship between green consumer in Indonesia and environmentally-friendly fashion, also how the ECC value upcycled clothing as a form of eco-friendly fashion. The research shows that Indonesian millennials are mostly environmentally conscious and adopt green buying behaviour. It was found that many of green consumers in Indonesia are unfamiliar with the word ‘upcycling’, but some of them have already purchased it as form of sustainable deeds. Mostly the participants valued upcycled products more than recycle products for the ideas and they are valued as work of art. Profound statistical analysis was used to get the result of this research.
Passive design implementation as sustainable development approach on vertical housing case study: Sentra Timur Residence
Authors: Riotama T , Herdiansyah H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Vertical housing development is a solution to solve the housing needs problem in Jakarta, which already had a land limitation issue. However, the development also contributes to environmental degradation. Building uses materials and energy in the development process, and when it operates. Most of energy use in Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) to create physical comfort for user. Passive design strategies applied to maintain comfortable temperature in building such as building orientation, shading, and ventilation, so energy usage could be reduced. The purpose of this research was to analyse the implementation of passive design in vertical housing, as an approach to achieve sustainable building. Observation carried on Sentra Timur Residence, one of vertical housing in East Jakarta. This research used building data to create mass modelling to help analyse the passive design implementation. The results show that some passive design strategies are applied such as building orientation, shading, and ventilation, mainly in the housing unit. These strategies help to maintain thermal comfort inside the housing unit, so the users can feel comfort without using an air conditioner. It reduces energy usage in the building so negative impact on environment could be minimized.
Mass transfer kinetic model and removal capacity of acid blue 29 adsorptions onto activated carbon
Authors: Setyopratomo P , Priyantini H R , Agustriyanto R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
So far, the handling of dye pollution remains a challenge. One of the promising methods to reduce the dyes content from such waste is adsorption. The purpose of this study is to examine the suitability of kinetic models and to determine the removal capacity of acid blue 29 adsorptions onto activated carbon. Two mathematical models were developed to evaluate the adsorption kinetics. The first model only took into account the convective mass transfer of the dyestuff to the surface of the adsorbent, while the second model also took into account the diffusion of the dyes in the adsorbent pore. The result showed that the adsorption process followed the Langmuir equilibrium and the kinetic fits to the second model in which the adsorption rate is controlled by convection mass transfer in the liquid phase as well as the intra-particle molecular diffusion that occurs in the pore. The dye removal capacity inversely proportional to the dye concentration and reaches 86.6% when the initial dye concentration is 75 ppm.
Determination of material optical properties from diffusive reflection light intensity profiles at multiple distances
Authors: Liu Lili , Yin Daheng , Zhu Nanyang , Tan Jinglu , Guo Ya 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Optical absorption and scattering properties are often estimated from the diffusive reflection light intensity at only one distance from the material surface, which often encounters accuracy and convergence issues. In this work, a method was proposed to determine optical properties by using diffusive reflection light intensity profiles at multiple distances, which enhanced data richness as a result of the intensity profiles are linearly independent. In this method, five features of light intensity profiles (contrast, correlation, energy, homogeneity, and second moment) were used to reduce the data dimensions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were used to generate diffusive reflection light intensity profiles with noise at different distances for various combinations of four optical properties (absorption coefficient μ

a
, scattering coefficient μ

s
, isotropic coefficient g, and refractive index n). The five profile feature vectors were used as inputs and the four optical parameters were used as outputs to train and test a backpropagation (BP) neural network. The influences of noise levels and the number of diffusive light intensity profiles on parameter estimation accuracy were investigated. The four optical parameters estimated by the BP network were compared with the results estimated by the traditional least squares method, which shows that the proposed method can estimate the optical properties with higher accuracy and better convergence.
Growth of mixed K2NixCo(1−x)(SO4)2 · 6H2O crystals for large supercooling without spontaneous crystallization in solution
Authors: Zhokhov Andrei A , Masalov Vladimir M , Rudneva Elena B , Manomenova Vera L , Vasilyeva Natalia A , Sukhinina Nadezhda S , Voloshin Alexey E , Emelchenko Gennadi A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A scheme for growing mixed K2NixCo(1−x)(SO4)2 · 6H2O (KCNSH) single crystals under conditions of supercooling at 5 °C–10 °C without spontaneous crystallization in solution for more than a month has been proposed and implemented. The growth method is implemented according to the ‘rotor crystallizer’ scheme. The crystals grown were characterized by optical spectroscopy and x-ray topography. The crystals obtained demonstrated the optical properties necessary to create effective UV filters.
Vortex shear banding transitions in superconductors with inhomogeneous pinning arrays
Authors: Reichhardt C , Reichhardt C J O 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We numerically examine the flow of superconducting vortices in samples containing square pinning arrays in which a band of pins is removed. When a drive is applied at an angle with respect to the band orientation, we find that the vortex depinning initiates in the pin-free channel. The moving vortices form a series of quasi-one-dimensional shear bands that begin flowing in the bulk of the pin-free channel, and the motion gradually approaches the edge of the pinned region. The consecutive depinning of each shear band appears as a series of jumps in the velocity-force curves and as sharp steps in the spatial velocity profiles. When a constant drive is applied parallel to the pin-free channel along with a gradually increasing perpendicular drive, the net vortex velocity decreases in a series of steps that correspond to the immobilization of bands of vortices, and in some cases the flow can drop to zero, creating a field effect transistor phenomenon. These results should also be relevant to other types of systems that exhibit depinning in the presence of inhomogeneous pinning.
Evidence in chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder guidelines: is it time to treat or time to wait?
Authors: Bover Jordi , Ureña-Torres Pablo , Mateu Silvia , DaSilva Iara , Gràcia Silvia , Sánchez-Baya Maya , Arana Carolt , Fayos Leonor , Guirado Lluis , Cozzolino Mario 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD–MBD) is one of the many important complications associated with CKD and may at least partially explain the extremely high morbidity and mortality among CKD patients. The 2009 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline document was based on the best information available at that time and was designed not only to provide information but also to assist in decision-making. In addition to the international KDIGO Work Group, which included worldwide experts, an independent Evidence Review Team was assembled to ensure rigorous review and grading of the existing evidence. Based on the evidence from new clinical trials, an updated Clinical Practice Guideline was published in 2017. In this review, we focus on the conceptual and practical evolution of clinical guidelines (from eMinence-based medicine to eVidence-based medicine and ‘living’ guidelines), highlight some of the current important CKD–MBD-related changes, and underline the poor or extremely poor level of evidence present in those guidelines (as well as in other areas of nephrology). Finally, we emphasize the importance of individualization of treatments and shared decision-making (based on important ethical considerations and the ‘best available evidence’), which may prove useful in the face of the uncertainty over the decision whether ‘to treat’ or ‘to wait’.