bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Symbiotic Efficiency of Rhizobium Strains Applied to Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) Stirton
Authors: Zennouhi Omar , Rfaki Abderrazak , Mderssa Mohamed El , Ibijbijen Jamal , Nassiri Laila 
Published: December 2020

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation by different rhizobacteria on Bituminaria bituminosa plants grown under greenhouse conditions.
Study Design: An experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Biology (Environment and valorization of microbial and plant resources Unit), Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University-Meknes, from November 2019 to February 2020.
Methodology: Eleven species and/or isolates belonging to Rhizobium genus are used to inoculate B. bituminosa plants; similarly, fresh and dry crushed nodules previously collected from B. bituminosa shrubs are tested. The bacterial inoculation effects are evaluated through the estimation of inoculated plants’ fresh and dry shoots weight, root dry weight, total nitrogen, nodules number and fresh weight in comparison to non-inoculated plants. The infectivity and efficiency of the bacteria and the biological nitrogen fixation are also evaluated.
Results: The results enable us to select the infective strains on the basis of their positive effect on growth and total nitrogen, in order to produce inoculum for B. bituminosa. Efficiency and biological nitrogen fixation are also very high compared to the control, especially with the B.b1 strain isolated from Bituminaria bituminosa and identified as Rhizobium tibeticum. The fresh nodules crushing is also very efficient. as inoculant.
Conclusion: The use of symbiotic complex as Rhizobium tibeticum – Bituminaria bituminosa or an inoculum produced from fresh nodules are an eco-friendly alternative for the design of sylvo-pastoral systems ensuring increased soil fertility, fodder productivity and sustainable agroforestry.
“O erro de Heidegger”: do Estado-nação ao lugar como habitar poético
Authors: Marandola Jr Eduardo 
Published: December 2020

<p>Por que ler Heidegger? Por que seu pensamento, marcado de forma irremissível pelo reitorado durante o governo nazista, pode ser fecundo para a Geografia do século XXI, em sua necessidade latente de diversidade e multiplicidade? O argumento do artigo parte da discussão de sua adesão ao nacional-socialismo, suas expectativas e frustração, identificando nesta experiência momento decisivo na direção que seu pensamento toma no que se convencionou chamar de Kehre – viragem. O “erro de Heidegger” é ponderado à luz do efeito produzido em seu pensamento, o que o conduz à linguagem na expectativa de uma outra época do Ser: um futuro que não pode ser buscado, apenas preparado. Este é o caminho da serenidade e da passividade, ao mesmo tempo em que radicaliza a crítica ao sujeito moderno e reconhece a força das estruturas históricas na constituição epocal. Trata-se de um pensamento a caminho, que fomenta uma Geografia menos pretensiosa que dá atenção à Terra, à linguagem e à multiplicidade, abrindo caminho para o lugar e o habitar poético.</p><p> </p><p>Abstract</p><p>“HEIDEGGER’S ERROR”: FROM THE NATION-STATE TO PLACE AS POETIC DWELLING</p><p>Why read Heidegger? Why can his thought, marked in an irremissible way by the rectorate during the Nazi government, be fruitful for 21st century geography, in its latent need for diversity and multiplicity? This paper’s argument starts from the discussion of his adherence to National Socialism, his expectations and frustration, identifying in this experience a decisive moment in the direction that his thought takes which was conventionally called Kehre – turning point. “Heidegger’s error” is weighed in the light of the effect produced in his thinking, which leads him to language in the expectation of another time of Being: a future that cannot be sought, only prepared. This is the path of serenity and passivity, while radicalizing the criticism of the modern subject and recognizing the strength of historical structures in the epochal constitution. It is a thought still being shaped, which promotes a less pretentious Geography, that pays attention to the Earth, language and multiplicity, making way for the place and the poetic dwelling.</p>
Improving Photovoltaic Performance of Non‐Fullerene Polymer Solar Cells Enables by Fine‐Tuning Blend Microstructure via Binary Solvent Mixtures
Authors: Yu Yue , Sun Rui , Wang Tao , Yuan Xinxin , Wu Yao , Wu Qiang , Shi Mumin , Yang Wenyan , Jiao Xuechen , Min Jie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStudies of the relationship between blend microstructure and photovoltaic performance are becoming more common, which is a prerequisite for rationally improving device performance. Non‐fullerene acceptors usually have planar backbone conformation and strong intermolecular packing, normally resulting in excessive phase separation. Herein, an effective co‐solvent blending strategy to turn the molecular organization of a chlorinated small molecule acceptor Y6‐2Cl and phase separation of the corresponding active layer with PM6 as donor is demonstrated. The in situ photoluminescence measurements and relevant morphological characterizations illustrate that the film‐forming process is fine‐turned when using the mixtures of chloroform (CF) and chlorobenzene (CB) solvents, and the blend showed high domain purity with suitable phase‐separated networks. Thus, better exciton dissociation and charge generation, more balanced charge transport, and less recombination loss are obtained in the co‐solvent blade‐coated devices. As a result, a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.17% is achieved, which is much higher than those of CF‐ and CB‐bladed devices (14.08% and 11.44%, respectively). Of note is that the use of this co‐solvent approach in the other two high‐performance photovoltaic systems is also confirmed, demonstrating its good generality of employing in the printing organic solar cells.
Pd Ion‐Exchange and Ammonia Etching of a Prussian Blue Analogue to Produce a High‐Performance Water‐Splitting Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Hao , Jiang Qianfan , Hadden Joseph H. L. , Xie Fang , Riley D. Jason 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe authors report an ammonia‐assisted in situ cation‐exchange method for the synthesis of dodecagon N‐doped PdCoNi carbon‐based nanosheets (Pd‐e‐NiCo‐PBA‐C) and explore the catalytic performance. Pd‐e‐NiCo‐PBA‐C exerts extremely low overpotential and Tafel slope for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) both in acidic and alkaline media, only 47 mV, 55 mV dec−1 (pH = 0, HER) and 147 mV, 67 mV dec−1 (pH = 14, HER), and 309 mV, 67 mV dec−1 (pH = 14, OER), outperforming commercial IrO2‐based and Pt‐based catalysts. In addition, after 5000 cycles, the linear sweep voltammetry curve shows a negligible shift, indicating excellent stability performance. To test its overall water‐splitting performance, Pd‐e‐NiCo‐PBA‐C is applied as both cathode and anode materials. A high current density of 33 mA cm−2 at a battery voltage of 1.6 V is obtained, with the catalytic activity maintained at 97.3% after over 50 h. To get a further insight into the superior OER and HER performance, theoretical calculations are carried out, the better performance originates from the affinity difference of Pd and Ni atoms for gas atoms, and the replacement of inert atoms can decrease the binding energy and enhance the electrocatalytic activity.
Directly Compressed Tablets: A Novel Drug‐Containing Reservoir Combined with Hydrogel‐Forming Microneedle Arrays for Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: McAlister Emma , Dutton Bridie , Vora Lalitkumar K. , Zhao Li , Ripolin Anastasia , Zahari Dk Siti Zawanah Binti Pg Hj , Quinn Helen L. , Tekko Ismaiel A. , Courtenay Aaron J. , Kelly Stephen A. , Rodgers Aoife M. , Steiner Lilach , Levin Galit , Levy‐Nissenbaum Etgar , Shterman Nava , McCarthy Helen O. , Donnelly Ryan F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMicroneedle (MN) patches consist of a hydrogel‐forming MN array and a drug‐containing reservoir. Drug‐containing reservoirs documented in the literature include polymeric films and lyophilized wafers. While effective, both reservoir formulations are aqueous based, and so degradation can occur during formulation and drying for drugs inherently unstable in aqueous media. The preparation and characterization of novel, nonaqueous‐based, directly compressed tablets (DCTs) for use in combination with hydrogel‐forming MN arrays are described for the first time. In this work, a range of drug molecules are investigated. Precipitation of amoxicillin (AMX) and primaquine (PQ) in conventional hydrogel‐forming MN arrays leads to use of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐based MN arrays. Following in vitro permeation studies, in vivo pharmacokinetic studies are conducted in rats with MN patches containing AMX, levodopa/carbidopa (LD/CD), and levofloxacin (LVX). Therapeutically relevant concentrations of AMX (≥2 µg mL−1), LD (≥0.5 µg mL−1), and LVX (≥0.2 µg mL−1) are successfully achieved at 1, 2, and 1 h, respectively. Thus, the use of DCTs offers promise to expand the range of drug molecules that can be delivered transdermally using MN patches.
Optimizing Ion Pathway in Titanium Carbide MXene for Practical High‐Rate Supercapacitor
Authors: Tang Jun , Mathis Tyler , Zhong Xiongwei , Xiao Xu , Wang Hao , Anayee Mark , Pan Feng , Xu Baomin , Gogotsi Yury 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe lengthened ion pathway in restacked 2D materials greatly limits the electrochemical performance of practically dense film electrodes (mass loading >10 mg cm−2). Typical strategies such as the insertion of nanomaterials and 3D‐structure design is expected to reduce the volumetric capacitance of Ti3C2Tx electrodes, diminishing the dominating advantage of Ti3C2Tx over other electrode materials. Here, a novel, facile, and controllable H2SO4 oxidation method is developed for alleviating the restacking issue of Ti3C2Tx film with few electrochemically inactive side‐products such as TiO2. A hierarchical ion path “highway” in Ti3C2Tx film is fabricated with porous structure, atomic‐level increased interlayer spacing, and reduced flake size (through probe‐sonication). As a result, ultra‐high rate performance is obtained with high volumetric capacitance. For a ≈1.1 µm thick Ti3C2Tx film, capacitance retention of 64% is obtained (208 F g−1/756 F cm−3) when the scan rate is increased from 5 to 10,000 mV s−1. Even at higher mass loadings exceeding 12 mg cm−2 (48 µm thickness), the rate capability is still comparable to unoptimized Ti3C2Tx electrodes with low mass loading (1 mg cm−2). Consequently, a high areal capacitance of ≈3.2 F cm−2 is achieved for pathway‐optimized thick Ti3C2Tx film, which is of great significance for practical applications.
Temperature and Light Modulated Open‐Circuit Voltage in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells with Different Effective Bandgaps
Authors: Brus Viktor V. , Schopp Nora , Ko Seo‐Jin , Vollbrecht Joachim , Lee Jaewon , Karki Akchheta , Bazan Guillermo C. , Nguyen Thuc‐Quyen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe relationship of the temperature–light intensity dependence of open‐circuit voltage Voc in nonfullerene‐based organic solar cells with their material characteristics and multimechanism recombination parameters is described. The systematic variation of the effective bandgap Eg,eff and the electrode layers allows the observation of different relative contributions of bimolecular, bulk, and surface trap‐assisted recombination mechanisms. The complementary advantages of the analytical model and the established voltage‐impedance spectroscopy technique provide a useful tool to quantify multimechanism recombination parameters, effective density of states Nc, and energetic disorder σ in organic solar cells under operating conditions. The validity of the proposed model to understand the temperature and light intensity dependent of Voc is shown by applying it to four different donor:nonfullerene acceptor blend systems with conventional or inverted device architectures.
Lithium‐Metal Anode Instability of the Superionic Halide Solid Electrolytes and the Implications for Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Riegger Luise M. , Schlem Roman , Sann Joachim , Zeier Wolfgang G. , Janek Jürgen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOwing to high ionic conductivity and good oxidation stability, halide‐based solid electrolytes regain interest for application in solid‐state batteries. While stability at the cathode interface seems to be given, the stability against the lithium metal anode has not been explored yet. Herein, the formation of a reaction layer between Li3InCl6 (Li3YCl6) and lithium is studied by sputter deposition of lithium metal and subsequent in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy as well as by impedance spectroscopy. The interface is thermodynamically unstable and results in a continuously growing interphase resistance. Additionally, the interface between Li3InCl6 and Li6PS5Cl is characterized by impedance spectroscopy to discern whether a combined use as cathode electrolyte and separator electrolyte, respectively, might enable long‐term stable and low impedance operation. In fact, oxidation stable halide‐based lithium superionic conductors cannot be used against Li, but may be promising candidates as cathode electrolytes.
Preparation of cigarette butts/coal‐based porous carbon and its catalytic methane decomposition to hydrogen
Authors: Luo Huafeng , Li Tongda , Qiao Yuandong , Ning Zhangxuan , Bo Chunli 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA new type of cigarette butts/coal‐based composite porous carbon was prepared by potassium hydroxide chemical activation method and used for methane decomposition to hydrogen. The effects of mass mixing ratio of the used cigarette butts/coal and carbonization temperature on the surface properties and structure of carbon materials were studied. The results show that the optimal mass mixing ratio of cigarette butts/coal is 1:3, and the increase in temperature can promote the specific surface area of carbon materials from 1850 to 2785 m2/g, the distribution of pore size is also changed from a large number of micropores to mesopores, and the structure became more disordered. DT/YT‐3‐1023 has the highest initial activity, DT/YT‐3‐1123 has the highest stability, and a certain amount of carbon fibers are deposited on the surface of carbon materials after the reaction.
Preparation and characterization of RDX based composite energetic materials with a cellulose matrix
Authors: Bian Hongli , Shao Ziqiang , Liu Jianxin , Zhang Xuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX)‐based high‐energy explosives are widely used in weapon warheads, propellants, and ammunition. Many studies have explored different supporting structures for RDX; however, the use of natural materials have rarely has been reported. Natural cellulose is widely known for its excellent compatibility and loading capacity. In this study, cellulose was used as a supporting structure and insensitive material for RDX composites. Cellulose/RDX composite aerogels (RCAs) were prepared using 1‐allyl‐3‐methyl imidazole (AMIMCl) as the solvent, and their properties were characterized. The results show that the content of nitrogen in cellulose/RCAs was 34.5%, and the content of RDX was as high as 94.3%. Moreover, RDX particles were attached to the fibers inside the cellulose aerogels (CAs), forming a homogeneous protective layer on the surface of the cellulose matrix. Compared with the raw RDX material, the thermal stability of the cellulose/RDX energetic aerogels was greatly increased. The porosity of the CAs was reduced due to RDX particles growing inside the CAs. The impact sensitivity increased from 35 to 78 cm.
New indomethacin analogs as selective COX‐2 inhibitors: Synthesis, COX‐1/2 inhibitory activity, anti‐inflammatory, ulcerogenicity, histopathological, and docking studies
Authors: Abdellatif Khaled R. A. , Abdelall Eman K. A. , Elshemy Heba A. H. , El‐Nahass El‐Shaymaa , Abdel‐Fattah Maha M. , Abdelgawad Yasmin Y. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNew indomethacin analogs 4a–g, 5, 6, 8a, and 8b were synthesized to overcome the nonselectivity and ulcer liability of indomethacin. All newly synthesized compounds were more potent against cyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2; IC50 value range: 0.09–0.4 μМ) as compared with celecoxib (IC50 = 0.89 μМ). Compounds 4a, 4b, 4d, 5, and 6 showed the highest COX‐2 selectivity index (SI range = 4.07–6.33) as compared with indomethacin (SI = 1.14) and celecoxib (SI = 3.52). Additionally, 4a, 4b, 4d, 5, and 7 showed good anti‐inflammatory activity with edema inhibition (79.36–88.8%), relative to celecoxib (78.96%) and indomethacin (90.43%), after 5 h. Also, ulcerogenic effects and histopathological examination were assessed for the most potent analogs, 4b, 4d, 5, and 6, to determine their safety. The results can shed light on indomethacin analog 5 as a remarkable anti‐inflammatory lead compound with a good safety profile (ulcer index = 10.62) close to the nonulcerogenic drug celecoxib (ulcer index = 10.53) and better than indomethacin (ulcer index = 18.50). Docking studies were performed in the COX‐2 active site for the most active compounds, to test their selectivity and to confirm their mechanism of action.
Pyridine Complexes as Tailored Precursors for Rapid Synthesis of Thiophosphate Superionic Conductors
Authors: Ghidiu Michael , Schlem Roman , Zeier Wolfgang G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRoom temperature solution synthesis of electrolytes for all‐solid‐state batteries has garnered much interest in the past years as a more scalable and efficient alternative to traditional solid‐state syntheses. Li3PS4, a model solid electrolyte often studied, is typically produced from Li2S and P4S10; the latter exists as a molecular solid in an adamantane‐like cage structure, and it has been posited that from its robustness arises a rate‐limiting reaction step. In this work, we have applied chemistry inspired from the organic thionation literature to easily transform the cage‐like P4S10 into more reactive stabilized linear P2S5 molecules. This new reagent was used to drastically reduce the synthesis time of Li3PS4 in acetonitrile from days to hours. Because the long reaction time of many solvent routes to produce solid electrolytes is considered a bottleneck for commercialization, this work shows great promise for looking toward more fundamental chemistry in order to optimize solution syntheses.
Does option complexity contribute to the framing effect, loss aversion, and delay discounting in younger and older adults?
Authors: Zilker Veronika , Pachur Thorsten 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecent findings suggest that the commonly observed preference for a safe over a risky option, which is more pronounced in older than in younger adults, is largely driven by differences in the complexity of those options. Here we examine whether option complexity also contributes to the emergence of the framing effect and loss aversion in risky choice as well as to delay discounting in intertemporal choice. All of these phenomena tend to be measured with choice problems that involve options differing in complexity. We also examine whether option complexity contributes to potential age differences in these phenomena. In each paradigm, we experimentally increased the complexity of the simpler option, thus reducing differences in the complexity of the options. We found no evidence for an effect of this manipulation on the framing effect nor on participants' preferences in the loss aversion task. On average, participants did not show loss aversion. Increasing the complexity of the option with an immediate reward in the intertemporal choice task made younger, but unexpectedly not older, adults less likely to choose this option. Our results thus indicate that preferences in tasks typically used to measure the framing effect, loss aversion, and delay discounting are only little affected by differences in option complexity.
Videoconferencing at home for psychotherapy in the postpartum period: Identifying drivers of successful engagement and important therapeutic conditions for meaningful use
Authors: Hensel Jennifer M. , Yang Rebecca , Vigod Simone N. , Desveaux Laura 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeVirtual care has almost become the norm since COVID‐19 mandated social distancing. Prior, the use of personal videoconferencing was being explored as an appealing option to overcome barriers to care, but little was studied about how we should do it and for whom. This study aimed to answer these questions for women receiving psychotherapy in the postpartum period when there are significant barriers to attending office‐based care.MethodsTwelve postpartum women who had the option to attend their psychotherapy sessions for the treatment of mood and/or anxiety symptoms via videoconferencing over a 3‐month time period were interviewed about their experience. The three therapists providing care were also interviewed early in adoption of the virtual treatment and at the end of the study. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify themes for the initial and ongoing engagement with videoconferencing, which were triangulated with therapist input.FindingsMajor themes which emerged related to (a) initial willingness to engage with videoconferencing, (b) technological compatibility, and (c) a good patient fit, with positive and negative influencers for each. Therapeutic considerations were identified, including (a) an initial in‐person meeting when possible, (b) matching the therapy format to the clinical situation, (c) attention to the home environment, and (d) a clear therapy frame.ConclusionsTherapists should consider that videoconferencing might not be appropriate for every patient; but in the right context and with appropriate therapeutic considerations, offering this treatment format may actually facilitate an individual's recovery. These findings can help to inform the future delivery of videoconferencing psychotherapy.
Arts for the Blues: The development of a new evidence‐based creative group psychotherapy for depression
Authors: Omylinska‐Thurston Joanna , Karkou Vicky , Parsons Ailsa , Nair Kerry , Dubrow‐Marshall Linda , Starkey Jennifer , Thurston Scott , Dudley‐Swarbrick Irene , Sharma Surina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionDepression affects many adults in the UK, often resulting in referral to primary care mental health services (e.g. improving access to psychological therapies, IAPT). CBT is the main modality for depression within IAPT, with other approaches offered in a limited capacity. Arts psychotherapies are rarely provided despite their attractiveness to clients. However, the recent dropout rate of 64% within IAPT suggests that clients’ needs are not being fully met. Therefore, in order to expand clients’ choice we developed a new creative psychological therapy integrating evidence‐based approaches with arts psychotherapies.MethodA three‐level approach was used: (a) thematic synthesis of client‐identified helpful factors in evidence‐based approaches for depression and in arts psychotherapies; (b) studio practice exploring Cochrane Review findings on arts psychotherapies for depression; (c) pilot workshops for clients with depression and therapists.Findings and DiscussionEight key ingredients for positive therapy outcomes were identified: encouraging active engagement, learning skills, developing relationships, expressing emotions, processing at a deeper level, gaining understanding, experimenting with different ways of being and integrating useful material. These ingredients were brought together as Arts for the Blues for clients with depression: a 12‐session evidence‐based pluralistic group psychotherapy integrating creative methods as well as talking therapy.ConclusionThe evidence‐based foundation, creative content and pluralistic nature of this new approach aligned with eight client‐identified key ingredients for positive therapy outcomes make it a promising therapy option that can be adapted to individual therapy. Implications include consideration for NICE approval as an additional therapy for depression.