bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blockade of TrkB but not p75NTR activates a subpopulation of quiescent neural precursor cells and enhances neurogenesis in the adult mouse hippocampus
Authors: Groves Natalie , O’Keeffe Imogen , Lee Wendy , Toft Alexandra , Blackmore Daniel , Bandhavkar Saurabh , Coulson Elizabeth J. , Bartlett Perry F. , Jhaveri Dhanisha J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling plays a major role in the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult brain. While the majority of studies suggest that this is due to its effect on the survival and differentiation of newborn neurons, it remains unclear whether this signaling directly regulates neural precursor cell (NPC) activity and which of its two receptors, TrkB or the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) mediates this effect. Here, we examined both the RNA and protein expression of these receptors and found that TrkB but not p75NTR receptors are expressed by hippocampal NPCs in the adult mouse brain. Using a clonal neurosphere assay, we demonstrate that pharmacological blockade of TrkB receptors directly activates a distinct subpopulation of NPCs. Moreover, we show that administration of ANA‐12, a TrkB‐selective antagonist, in vivo either by systemic intraperitoneal injection or by direct infusion within the hippocampus leads to an increase in the production of new neurons. In contrast, we found that NPC‐specific knockout of p75NTR had no effect on the proliferation of NPCs and did not alter neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. Collectively, these results demonstrate a novel role of TrkB receptors in directly regulating the activity of a subset of hippocampal NPCs and suggest that the transient blockade of these receptors could be used to enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Platinum Complexes: A Big Step Forward for Effective Antitumor Compounds
Authors: Bellemin‐Laponnaz Stéphane 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Stéphane Bellemin‐Laponnaz from the University of Strasbourg and CNRS, France. The cover image shows the formulas of various platinum(II) complexes with an N‐heterocyclic carbene ligand and a neutral ligand with two halides in the trans‐position. These complexes have a potent anticancer activity.
Potential use of thermal energy storage for shifting cooling and heating load to off‐peak load: A case study for residential building in Canada
Authors: Erdemir Dogan , Dincer Ibrahim 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study presents an investigation of the potential use of thermal energy storage for shifting cooling and heating loads to off‐peak hours in order to balance the electricity production and demand periods. In Canada, the main energy source for cooling and heating applications is generally electricity. Therefore, cooling and heating devices have a great impact on the electricity peak load. In this study, it is considered that heating and cooling loads on the electricity peak load periods are shifted to off‐peak hours by thermal energy storage systems. At the end of this study, it is observed that the thermal energy storage has great potential for shifting electricity peak load depending on cooling and heating load to off‐peak periods. The electricity peak loads can be reduced by 25% and 45% by shifting heating and cooling loads to off‐peak hours and doing storage. Furthermore, the thermal energy storage systems can help reduce both cooling and heating costs in Canadian dwellings by 20% and 18%, respectively.
Models based on mechanical stress, initial stress, voltage, current, and applied stress for Li‐ion batteries during different rates of discharge
Authors: Cui Xujian , Kam Shi Khai , Chin Christina May May , Chen Jihong , Babu Chitti , Peng Xiongbin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe most important criteria for any energy storage system such as the Li‐ion batteries are its capacity fading or the state of health (SOH). In real time, the parameters such as voltage, current cannot be used to predict SOH because these are not taken into account the self‐discharge. This article proposes experimental combined numerical methodology for studying coupled stress‐electrochemical performance of Li‐ion batteries. The work aims to evaluate and predict the SOH of lithium‐ion batteries based on mechanical stress, number of charging cycles, and induced load. Experiments are conducted to measure data corresponding to capacity, initial stress, and applied stress. Artificial neural networks are then applied in formulation of predictive models based on initial stress, stack stress, charging voltage, and discharging voltage. A neural net was successfully trained that managed to achieve correlation coefficient (prediction accuracy) of 0.9909 for capacity and 0.7260 for cycle number. This research was able to identify an ideal network configuration, predicting cycle number, and remaining capacity of a battery after multiple charges, trained from the given data values.
Study of flame‐retarded silicone rubber with ceramifiable property
Authors: Li Zhixi , Liang Wenjuan , Shan Yifei , Wang Xiaoxiao , Yang Kun , Cui Yongyan 
Published: December 2019

SummaryFire‐resistant ceramifiable silicone rubber composites with excellent comprehensive property were prepared in this paper. Silicone rubber was used as the base polymer, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, and glass frits were additives. The flammability and thermal stability properties, essentially focusing on the use of the limiting oxygen index and thermogravimetric analysis, were all studied. Besides, the ceramic residues were also studied by mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. The ceramifying silicone rubber could achieve a limiting oxygen index value of 34.8%, and the flexural strength of ceramic residues formed at 800°C was 9.7 MPa. The residue of composites was approximately 58.6% at 700°C, which is significantly higher than that of neat silicone rubber. The scanning electron microscopy analysis depicted that a dense structure was formed as formed.
Preparation and odor characteristics of methylthiomethyl carboxylates
Authors: Wang Qiyi , Ding Rui , Huang Shuai , Liu Yongguo , Sun Baoguo , Tian Hongyu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSixteen methylthiomethyl esters were prepared by the reactions of carboxylic acids with dimethyl sulfoxide and oxalyl chloride. The reactions were carried out at a low temperature by Pummerer rearrangement to produce the esters in 82‐94% yields. The odor characteristics of the esters obtained were evaluated by GC‐MS‐O and most of them possessed pleasant fruity odors.
Reflection, Integration, Application: Intentional Design Strategies for Senior Capstone Experiences
Authors: Henscheid Jean M. , Skipper Tracy L. , Young Dallin George 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis chapter examines how senior capstone experiences can be intentionally designed and delivered to provide structured opportunities for reflection, integration, and applied learning, giving students an opportunity to recognize the kinds of learners, thinkers, and doers they have become through the sum total of their educational experiences.
Comparing postoperative outcomes after free flap surgery in a specialty step‐down unit vs nonspecialty intensive care unit
Authors: Yang Shiayin F. , Adams William , Lazzara Gina E. , Thorpe Eric J. , Pittman Amy L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo determine if there was a difference in postoperative outcomes of head and neck free flap reconstruction patients treated in a specialty step‐down unit compared to a nonspecialty intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all patients who underwent free flap reconstruction for head and neck defects from 2014 to 2017 at Loyola University Medical Center. Patients managed postoperatively in the ICU were compared to patients managed in a specialty step‐down unit. Postoperative outcomes, length of stay, and readmission were compared.ResultsThree hundred and five patients were included in the study. Patients managed postoperatively in the specialty step‐down unit had comparable rates of postoperative complications and flap failure as ICU patients. Step‐down patients had significantly shorter lengths of stay (Mdn = 5 days, IQR = 5‐7 days) than patients in the ICU (Mdn = 6 days, IQR = 5‐6 days; P < .001).
CD34 cells in somatic, regenerative and cancer stem cells: Developmental biology, cell therapy, and omics big data perspective
Authors: Kapoor Saketh , Shenoy Sudheer P. , Bose Bipasha 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein protein CD34 has conventionally been regarded as a marker for hematopoietic progenitors. Its expression on these cells has been leveraged for cell therapy applications in various hematological disorders. More recently, the expression of CD34 has also been reported on cells of nonhematopoietic origin. The list includes somatic cells such as endothelial cells, fibrocytes and interstitial cells and regenerative stem cells such as corneal keratocytes, muscle satellite cells, and muscle‐derived stem cells. Furthermore, its expression on some cancer stem cells (CSCs) has also been reported. Till date, the functional roles of this molecule have been implicated in a multitude of cellular processes including cell adhesion, signal transduction, and maintenance of progenitor phenotype. However, the complete understanding about this molecule including its developmental origins, its embryonic connection, and associated functions is far from complete. Here, we review our present understanding of the structure and putative functions of the CD34 molecule based upon our literature survey. We also probed various biological databases to retrieve data related to the expression and associated molecular functions of CD34. Such information, upon synthesis, is hence likely to provide the suitability of such cells for cell therapy. Moreover, we have also covered the existing cell therapy and speculated cell therapy applications of CD34+ cells isolated from various lineages. We have also attempted here to speculate the role(s) of CD34 on CSCs. Finally, we discuss number of large‐scale proteomics and transcriptomics studies that have been performed using CD34+ cells.
Integrating high‐throughput microRNA and mRNA expression data to identify risk mRNA signature for pancreatic cancer prognosis
Authors: Wang Ping , Li Weidong , Zhai Bo , Jiang Xian , Jiang Hongchi , Zhang Chunlong , Sun Xueying 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPancreatic cancer is a malignancy of the digestive system characterized by poor prognosis. A number of prognostic messenger RNA (mRNA) signatures have been identified by using the high‐throughput expression profiles. MicroRNAs (miRNA) play a critical role in regulating multiple cellular functions. However, no such integrated analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs for studying the prognostic mechanisms of pancreatic cancer has been reported. In this study, we first identified prognostic mRNAs and miRNAs based on The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets, and then performed an enrichment analysis to explore the underlying biological mechanisms involved in pancreatic cancer prognosis at the mRNA level. Furthermore, we performed an integrated analysis of mRNAs and miRNAs to identify prognostic subpathways, which were closely associated with pancreatic cancer genes and tumor hallmarks and involved in hypoxia, oxidative phosphyorylation and xenobiotic metabolisms. Meanwhile, we performed a random walk algorithm based on global network, prognostic mRNAs and miRNAs, and identified top risk mRNAs as the prognostic signature. Finally, an independent testing set was used to confirm the predictive power of the top mRNA signature, and most of these genes involved were known oncogenes. In conclusion, we performed a series of integrated analyses by comprehensively exploring pancreatic cancer prognosis and systematically optimized the prognostic signature for clinical use.
Prognostic implication and functional annotations of Rad50 expression in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Xu Wen‐Hao , Wang Jun , Sheng Hao‐Yue , Qu Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Hong‐Kai , Zhu Yu , Shi Guo‐Hai , Zhang Hai‐Liang , Ye Ding‐Wei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIncreasing evidence has shown that Rad50, a protein involved in the DNA damage repair process, significantly correlated with tumor prognosis. This study focused on Rad50 expression in tumor samples and its prognostic value for patients with prostate cancer (PCa). In this study, significantly elevated Rad50 expression in PCa tissues compared to normal tissues (P < .01). Five independent Oncomine databases validated significant differential expression of Rad50 (P < .001). Hence, 80 patients with PCa from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and 351 patients with PCa with available protein expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were included to investigate the survival benefit. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the significance of clinicopathological factors on disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan‐Meier analysis indicated that elevated Rad50 protein expression levels significantly correlated with unfavorable DFS (P = .005) in the FUSCC cohort and poorer OS (P = .04) in TCGA cohort. Furthermore, coregulation analysis of proteins indicated that 76 coregulated proteins were associated with Rad50, while 11 most highly involved hub proteins, including Rad50, MRE11A, DUT, POLR3A, MCM3AP, RECQL, PNPT1, RANBP3, DDX1, SNRPB, and UGN, were significantly coregulated in the protein‐protein interaction network. Functional enrichment analysis consecutively indicated significant functions and signaling pathways including DNA replication, spliceosome, DNA geometric change, homologous recombination, and G2M checkpoint. This study first reveals that elevated Rad50 expression is significantly associated with aggressive progression and poor survival for patients with PCa. Together, these data suggest that Rad50 may act as an oncoprotein, guide the molecular diagnosis, and may shed light on novel individual therapeutic strategies for progressive PCa patients.
Systematic analysis of survival‐associated alternative splicing signatures in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Tao , Zheng Wenzhong , Chen Jianbo , Lin Shouren , Zou Zihao , Li Xianxin , Tan Zhengling 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlternative splicing (AS) constitutes a major reason for messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein diversity. Increasing studies have shown a link to splicing dysfunction associated with malignant neoplasia. Systematic analysis of AS events in kidney cancer remains poorly reported. Therefore, we generated AS profiles in 533 kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database using RNA‐seq data. Then, prognostic models were developed in a primary cohort (N = 351) and validated in a validation cohort (N = 182). In addition, splicing networks were built by integrating bioinformatics analyses. A total of 11 268 and 8083 AS variants were significantly associated with patient overall survival time in the primary and validation KIRC cohorts, respectively, including STAT1, DAZAP1, IDS, NUDT7, and KLHDC4. The AS events in the primary KIRC cohorts served as candidate AS events to screen the independent risk factors associated with survival in the primary cohort and to develop prognostic models. The area under the curve of the receiver‐operator characteristic curve for prognostic prediction in the primary and validation KIRC cohorts was 0.84 and 0.82 at 2500 days of overall survival, respectively. In addition, splicing correlation networks revealed key splicing factors (SFs) in KIRC, such as HNRNPH1, HNRNPU, KHDBS1, KHDBS3, SRSF9, RBMX, SFQ, SRP54, HNRNPA0, and SRSF6. In this study, we analyzed the AS landscape in the TCGA KIRC cohort and detected predictors (prognostic) based on AS variants with high performance for risk stratification of the KIRC cohort and revealed key SFs in splicing networks, which could act as underlying mechanisms.
Protective effect of cholecystokinin octapeptide on angiotensin II‐induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells
Authors: Wang Can , Yu Huan , Wei Limu , Zhang Jingqi , Hong Mingyang , Chen Lin , Dong Xiaoying , Fu Lu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCholecystokinin (CCK) and its receptors are expressed in mammalian cardiomyocytes and are involved in cardiovascular system regulation; however, the exact effect and underlying mechanism of CCK in cardiomyocyte apoptosis remain to be elucidated. We examined whether sulfated CCK octapeptide (CCK‐8) protects H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells against angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced apoptosis. The H9c2 cardiomyoblasts were subjected to Ang II with or without CCK‐8 and the viability and apoptotic rate were detected using a Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, Hoechst 33342 staining, terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase‐mediated nick‐end labeling assays, and flow cytometry. In addition, specific antiapoptotic mechanisms of CCK‐8 were investigated using specific CCK1 (Devazepide) or CCK2 (L365260) receptor antagonists, or the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. The expression of CCK, CCK1 receptor, CCK2 receptor, Akt, p‐Akt, Bad, p‐Bad, Bax, Bcl‐2, and caspase‐3 were detected by Western blot analysis and real‐time polymerase chain reaction. We found that CCK and its receptor messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein are expressed in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Ang II‐induced increased levels of CCK mRNA and protein expression and decreased levels of CCK1 receptor protein and mRNA. Pretreatment of CCK‐8 attenuated Ang II‐induced cell toxicity and apoptosis. In addition, pretreatment of H9c2 cells with CCK‐8 markedly induced expression of p‐Akt, p‐bad, and Bcl‐2 and decreased the expression levels of Bax and caspase‐3. The protective effects of CCK‐8 were partly abolished by Devazepide or LY294002. Our results suggest that CCK‐8 protects H9c2 cardiomyoblasts from Ang II‐induced apoptosis partly via activation of the CCK1 receptor and the phosphatidyqinositol‐3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway.
Synthesis, characterization, and dyeing performance of some azo thienopyridine and thienopyrimidine dyes based on wool and nylon
Authors: Regal Mohsen K. A. , Rafat El‐Hady , El‐Sattar Nour E. A. Abd 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA string of novel heterocyclic mono azo dyes were synthesized and their utilization in dyeing different fabrics as wool and nylon were discussed. Thienopyridine azo dyes 4 and 6were prepared by reaction of chloro acetamidederivative 2 with diamino compounds to yield 3 and 5, followed by reaction with NaNO2/HCl and coupling with nucleophilic reagent. One‐pot reaction of chloro acetamide 2 with ammonium thiocyanat in solvent ethanol gave the unexpected thienopyrimidine derivative 7, which contain two active sites, the former is primary amine that was able to form diazonium salt that coupled with N,N‐dimethylaniline, resorcinol, and/or self‐coupling to afford the azo dyes 8‐10, and the latter is active methylene group that underwent coupling with different diazonium salts to give the azo thienopyrimidine derivative dye 11‐15. The dyeing performance of these azo dyes had been investigated in terms of their dyeing behavior and fastness properties on different fabrics. Results showed that the color strength (K/S) values, as well as, washing, rubbing, and resistance to acid, alkali and light showed high efficiency of these heterocyclic mono azo dyes to dye wool rather than nylon fibers.
Tetrabutylammonium HPLC analysis: shortcomings in the Ph. Eur. method
Authors: Bogni Anna , Laera Luca , Cucchi Claudio , Seregni Ettore , Pascali Claudio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTetrabutylammonium is a phase‐transfer agent commonly used in PET radiochemistry. Its toxicity makes its quantification mandatory. However, the official HPLC method for tetrabutylammonium analysis reported in the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) apparently fails to achieve the described separation in most new generation reverse‐phase columns. The study highlights the differences in separation achievable by varying some of the chromatographic conditions, such as temperature, eluent composition and ion‐pairing agent concentration. In the end, variations to the method within the limits allowed by the Ph. Eur. were not sufficient to overcome the problem, thus forcing to a more radical change of the organic component of the mobile phase.
Analysis of time delay between computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography on the technical success of interventional embolisation for treatment of lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Bruce Gillian , Erskine Brendan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionA retrospective study was undertaken to determine a potential relationship, based on the time delay, between a positive lower gastrointestinal bleed demonstrated on computed tomography (CT) and a positive digital subtraction angiographic (DSA) study and the impact on technical success.MethodsThis study investigated the correlation of time delays between imaging modalities and technical success with endovascular embolisation procedures over a 10‐year period.ResultsA total of 110 patient events were analysed, and it was observed that the greater the time delay between modalities (up to 7 h), the weaker the correlation between a bleed observed on CT and DSA. This was also reflected by the technical success of the embolisation treatment. Patients experienced shorter delays when the event occurred out of normal business hours, however with decreased rates of technical success.ConclusionsThere is a suggestion patients should be escalated to the angiography suite for DSA imaging as soon as possible to maximise the ability to angiographically observe acute bleeding and treat appropriately with interventional embolisation. More research in this area is required to statistically confirm this.
Mode of action of carboplatin via activating p53/miR‐145 axis in head and neck cancers
Authors: Kilic Ahsen , Barlak Neslisah , Sanli Fatma , Aytatli Abdulmelik , Capik Ozel , Karatas Omer F. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed at investigating the expressions of miR‐145 and its well‐characterized direct targets on carboplatin treatment.Study DesignLaboratory study.MethodsThe effect of carboplatin and miR‐145 on the proliferative capacity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells was evaluated using Cell Viability Detection Kit‐8. Expressions of miR‐145 and its targets were evaluated using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction on carboplatin treatment and p53 inhibition. Western blot was used to measure the levels of p53 and its acetylated versions in cells treated with carboplatin and/or pifithrin‐α.ResultsWe demonstrated that carboplatin induced the expression of miR‐145 in a dose‐dependent manner and suppressed the expressions of miR‐145 direct targets. In addition, we showed that inhibition of p53 by pifithrin‐α in carboplatin‐treated cells reduced miR‐145 expression and reversed the suppression of miR‐145 direct targets.ConclusionsConsidering all these findings together, one of the proposed mechanisms of carboplatin to kill cells might be the induction of miR‐145 and deregulation of its targets in parallel, via p53 activation, which happens through carboplatin's DNA‐damaging property. To the best of our knowledge, these findings are the first to reveal the relationship between carboplatin and miR‐145 in cancer cells.Level of EvidenceNALaryngoscope, 2019