bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Background Seismicity before and after the 1976 Ms 7.8 Tangshan Earthquake: Is Its Aftershock Sequence Still Continuing?
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhuang Jiancang , Jiang Changsheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aftershock zone of the 1976 Ms 7.8 Tangshan, China, earthquake remains seismically active, experiencing moderate events such as the 5 December 2019 Ms 4.5 Fengnan event. It is still debated whether aftershock sequences following large earthquakes in low-seismicity continental regions can persist for several centuries. To understand the current stage of the Tangshan aftershock sequence, we analyze the sequence record and separate background seismicity from the triggering effect using a finite-source epidemic-type aftershock sequence model. Our results show that the background rate notably decreases after the mainshock. The estimated probability that the most recent 5 December 2019 Ms 4.5 Fengnan District, Tangshan, earthquake is a background event is 50.6%. This indicates that the contemporary seismicity in the Tangshan aftershock zone can be characterized as a transition from aftershock activity to background seismicity. Although the aftershock sequence is still active in the Tangshan region, it is overridden by background seismicity.
KUNCZ ALADÁR FEKETE KOLOSTOR CÍMŰ REGÉNYE AZ ELSŐ VILÁGHÁBORÚT TEMATIZÁLÓ MAGYAR REGÉNYEK KONTEXTUSÁBAN
Authors: Bence Erika , Ispánovics Csapó Julianna 
Published: December 2020

Kuncz Aladár 1931-ben megjelent Fekete kolostor című regénye az első világháború eseményeit tematizáló irodalmi művek második csoportjába, azoknak a regényeknek a körébe tartozik, amelyek az autentikus közelmúlt történelmi eseményeit az idő múlásával létrejött másfél évtizedes rálátási távlat perspektívájából ábrázolták. Ilyen értelemben az európai és a magyar irodalom kontextusában is vizsgálható és értelmezhető: feltárulnak megegyező, illetve az adott műfaji sortól elkülönülő és eltávolító vonásai. A korszak magyar irodalma vonzatkörében legtöbbször Markovits Rodion Szibériai garnizon (1928) és Aranyvonat (1929) című regényeivel kerül összevetésre, míg a jugoszláviai/vajdasági magyar irodalomban – több más, kevésbé markáns, vagy csak részben első világháborús prózamű mellett – Darvas Gábor „Mindent meggondoltam és mindent megfontoltam…” (1930), Munk Artúr A nagy káder (1929) és Szabó István – Andrée Dezső: Egy legionista naplója (1931) című regényei összefüggésében értelmezhető. A kutatás előfeltételezése, hogy a Fekete kolostor nagyobb részt eltér, s új regénysort kezdeményez a magyar irodalom alakulástörténetében: az internálótáborok világát megjelenítő magyar (tábor)regények sorába illeszkedik. A jelölt regénytípus vonzatköreiben való vizsgálata ugyanakkor rámutat a korszak, a múlt század húszas éveinek végén kibontakozó irodalompolitikai erővonalak alakulására, illetve a kisebbségi irodalmak konstituálódásának szinkron folyamataira is. A dolgozat az összevető vizsgálatok eredményeit mutatja be.
Adenovirus Expressing the Myostatin-Somatostatin-fusing Gene Increases Mouse Growth Rate
Authors: Xu Gaoxiao , Zhang Ning , Liu Siying , Wei Tingting , Chen Xingfa , Yu Dongling , Wang Xinglong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Myostatin (MSTN), a type of transforming growth factor, can negatively regulate skeletal muscle growth. Immunisation of mice with recombinant yeast expressing MSTN increased bodyweight and muscle composition of them. Somatostatin (SST) is an inhibitory effector of growth hormone (GH), and active immunisation against SST with a DNA vaccine improves the growth performance of piglets via an influence on GH secretion. Here, a recombinant adenovirus was constructed and used to deliver MSTN-SST to mice to achieve the goal of regulation the growth performance of the mice. Results A recombinant adenovirus, rAd-MSTN-SST, expressing the MSTN-SST fusing protein was successfully rescued in HEK293A cells. The expressions of MSTN-SST were confirmed by western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence. Mice immunised with rAd-MSTN-SST were successfully induced to have an immune response against MSTN-SST, which increased their growth rate and muscle mass. In addition, a booster immunisation was beneficial in terms of higher antibody response and mouse growth rate. Conclusions Fusing protein MSTN-SST is a good candidate for regulating animal growth rate and muscle mass. Adenovirus can be used as a vector for delivering MSTN and SST to animals.
Relationship between adverse events of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival outcomes: mediation analysis of Chinese colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Geng Chang , Tong Yuanren , Zhou Na , Wang Yingyi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose：We focus on adverse events in colorectal cancer patients with advanced age, high Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores and comorbidities. Methods：408 Chinese colorectal cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were included. The cumulative incidences of different adverse events and mediation analyses were analyzed with respect to age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status and comorbidities. Results：Young patients and patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score 1 had a significantly higher incidence of digestive adverse events related to adjuvant therapy. There were no significant mediation effects of adverse events on survival. Conclusion：Advanced age did not directly lead to poor survival outcomes and adverse events. Although higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores and comorbidity led to impaired survival and higher incidence of adverse events, the latter had no mediation effects on survival outcomes.
Multi-Agent Finite Impulse Response Optimizer for Numerical Optimization Problems
Authors: Rahman Tasiransurini Ab , Aziz Nor Azlina Ab. , Ibrahim Zuwairie , Aziz Nor Hidayati Abdul , Shapiai Mohd Ibrahim , Suri Jasjit S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates the potential of the ultimate iterative unbiased finite impulse response (UFIR) filter as a source of inspiration in a population-based metaheuristic algorithm. Here, a new algorithm inspired by the measurement and estimation procedures of the UFIR filter named the Multi-Agent Finite Impulse Response Optimizer (MAFIRO) for solving numerical optimization problems is proposed. MAFIRO works with a set of agents where each performs the measurement and estimation to find a solution. MAFIRO employs a random mutation of the best-so-far solution and the shrinking local neighborhood method to balance between the exploration and exploitation phases during the optimization process. Subsequently, the performance of MAFIRO is tested by solving the benchmark test suite of the IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation 2014. The benchmark is composed of 30 mathematical functions. The competency of MAFIRO is compared with the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm, Genetic Algorithm, and Grey Wolf Optimizer. The results show that MAFIRO leads in 23 out of 30 functions and has the highest Friedman rank. MAFIRO performs significantly better than the other tested algorithms. Based on the findings, we show that the concept of the UFIR filter is a good inspiration for a population-based metaheuristic algorithm.
WITHDRAWN: The Analysis and Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contamination in Vegetables and Fruits Samples Marketed Tehran With Chemometric Approach
Authors: Khalili Fariba , Shariatifar Nabi , Dehghani Mohammad Hadi , Yaghmaeian Kamyar , Nodehi Ramin Nabizadeh , Yaseri Mehdi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of current study was to evaluate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration and probabilistic health risk in vegetables and fruits samples of Tehran city, Iran during 2018-2019 using magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) ranged 0.040-0.084 and 0.121-0.253 μg/kg, respectively. The results showed that the highest PAH levels corresponded to acenaphthene (135.1±7.1µg/kg) and naphthalene (114.1±5.0 µg/kg) , whereas the lowest concentrations were those of Benzo(a)pyrene (not detected), Benzo(k)fluoranthene (not detected), Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (not detected), Benzo(b)fluoranthene (not detected) and Benzo(g,h,i)perylene (not detected). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to evaluate the correlation between the type and amount of 16 PAHs with vegetables and fruits samples. The results of Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) revealed that the mean of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) in vegetables and fruits is 5.2E-05 and 7.7E-05 higher than the acceptable risk level (10-6). Finally, the highest ILCR in fruits and vegetables was related to cucumber (5.1E-04) and tomato (4.3E-04), respectively. Therefore, monitoring the PAHs concentrations in both groups of vegetables and fruits is necessary.
Dual Effects of Silibinin on Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Lee Su-Mi , Lee Gil-Woo , Park Seon-Young , Joung Hosouk , Park Chang-Hwan , Cho Eun-Ae , Kim Hyun-Soo , Choi Sung-Kyu , Rew Jong-Sun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Silibinin is a flavonoid with antihepatotoxic properties, and exhibits pleiotropic anticancer effects. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for its anticancer actions in pancreatic cancer cells, and the effects on such cells and normal pancreatic cells, remain unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of silibinin on human pancreatic cancer cells and normal ductal cells.Methods Human pancreatic cancer cells (MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1) and normal ductal cells (hTERT-HPNE) were cultured with 0–400 μM silibinin for 48 h. Thereafter, the proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and signaling pathways of the pancreatic cells were evaluated.Results Silibinin significantly inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and spheroid formation of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). It also induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis showed that silibinin downregulated extracellular signaling-regulated kinase (ERK) and serine/threonine protein kinase (AKT) in human pancreatic cancer cells. It also upregulated microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 β (LC3B) and cleaved caspase-3 via c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) signaling. On the other hand, silibinin increased the mRNA and protein levels of c-Jun, Twist-related protein 1, and Snail. It also decreased exogenous p53 levels, but increased endogenous c-Jun protein levels in human pancreatic cancer cells. However, silibinin did not affect cell viability and endogenous c-Jun levels in pancreatic normal ductal cells. It increased exogenous p53 levels, but decreased stemness-related gene expression in pancreatic normal ductal cells. Silibinin increased Ki-67 levels in pancreatic cancer cells, but decreased them in pancreatic normal ductal cells.Conclusion Silibinin not only exerted anticancer effects by inhibiting AKT–ERK and JNK signaling, but also upregulated cancer stemness–related genes in human pancreatic cancer cells. These results suggest that silibinin should be used as a therapeutic agent for human pancreatic cancer with caution.
A Comparative Study Between Traditional Face-To-Face, Audience Response System, and A Flipped Classroom Plus Audience Responce System in Pharmacology Education.
Authors: Nakagawa Naoto , Yamashita Toshiyuki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Active learning methods, audience response system (ARS) and flipped classroom (FC), have applied in higher education internationally. However, these outcomes in Japan are uncertain. This study presents a comparison of teaching methods such as the traditional face-to-face (TFF), ARS, and FC plus ARS that are used to enhance student pharmacists’ understanding of pharmacology.Methods: Sophomores at Ohu University were recruited for this study from 2017 to 2019. The TFF were performed in 2017; the ARS were performed in 2018; and the FC plus ARS were performed in 2019. Exam scores were compared between the three methods and anonymous questionnaires were also surveyed in 2018 and 2019 to compare students’ preferences. The Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA were carried out depending on data distributions. Categorical data were analyzed using the Chi square test and the Fisher’s exact test. The ANCOVA was performed if background information between the three cohorts was significantly different.Results: The groupings of the participants went as follows: 49 students in 2017, 78 students in 2018, and 90 students in 2019. Their academic backgrounds of each year at the end of their freshman year were similar except for their grade point averages (GPAs). The medians of their pharmacology exam correct rates for the TFF, ARS, and FC plus ARS were 73.3%, 90.0%, and 93.3%, respectively. ANCOVA utilizing GPA as the covariance revealed that the ARS and the FC plus ARS significantly improved exam correct rates compared with the TFF (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the ARS and the FC plus ARS groups (p = 0.487). A subgroup analysis in terms of gender difference revealed that the ARS was a significantly improved method compared to the FC plus ARS for female students (p = 0.009), whereas the ARS was not for male students (p = 0.819). Anonymous questionnaires revealed that students in the FC plus ARS lectures had good readiness, enjoyed their classes, and felt fulfillment compared with the ARS lectures. Conclusions: Active learning methods including the ARS and FC plus ARS are significantly more effective than TFF methods.
WITHDRAWN: Molecular Insight Into the Mutation Within Critical Zinc2+-Binding Site in the PAS Domain of WalK in Vancomycin-Intermediate Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Baseri Neda , Najar-Peerayeh Shahin , Bakhshi Bita 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Vancomycin-intermediate resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), one of the common causes of nosocomial infection, is developed by mutations, including in walKR, with unclear molecular mechanisms. Although studies have verified some of these mutations, there are a few studies to pay attention to the importance of molecular modeling of mutations. Here, the Sanger sequencing for comparing gene sequences of WlKR between a VISA and its parental strain revealed mutation WalK-H364R. Structural protein mapping showed that H364R was located in a functional zinc ion coordinating residue within the cytoplasmic Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain. The structural and functional effects of this mutation were analyzed using molecular computational approaches based on the recently determined crystal structures of the PAS domain of S. aureus. WalK-H364R was predicted to destabilize protein and decrease WalK interactions with proteins and nucleic acids. The qRT-PCR method showed downregulation of walKR and WalKR-regulated autolysins, which verified the molecular computational results.Overall, WalK-H364R within a critical metal-coordinating site is linked to VISA development through the walKR gene expression changes as well as the destructive effects on protein.Therefore, molecular modeling can be provided detailed insight into the molecular mechanism of VISA development, in particular, where complementation experiments are not readily available.
Chronic Cannabis Smoking-Enriched Oral Pathobiont Drives Behavioral Changes and Increases β-Amyloid Protein Production in the Brain
Authors: jiang wei , Luo Zhenwu , Fitting Syliva , Robinson Catrina , Benitez Andreana , Li Min , Wu Yongxia , Fu Xiaoyu , Amato Davide , Ning Wangbin , Funderburg Nicolas , Wagner Amanda , Mcrae-Clark Aimee , Hamlett Eric 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Little is known about chronic cannabis smoking-associated oral microbiome and its effects on central nervous system (CNS) functions. Results In the current study, we have analyzed the saliva microbiome in individuals who chronically smoked cannabis with cannabis use disorder and in non-smoking controls. We found that cannabis smoking in humans was associated with oral microbial dysbiosis. The most increased oral bacteria were Streptococcus and Actinomyces genus and the most decreased bacteria were Neisseria genus in chronic cannabis smokers compared to those in non-smokers. To investigate the function of cannabis use-associated microbiome, mice were orally exposured to Actinomyces. meyeri, Actinomyces. odontolyticus, or Neisseria. elongate through oral gavage twice per week for six months which mimics human conditions. Strikingly, oral exposure of Actinomyces meyeri, an oral pathobiont, but not the other two control bactreria, decreased global activity and increased β-amyloid 42 protein production in the mouse brains. Conclusions This is the first study to reveal that cannabis-associated enrichment of Actinomyces meyeri may contribute to a hallmark of neuropathology.
Comparison of Body Composition Parameters in the Study of the Association between Obesity and Pulmonary Function
Authors: Ishikawa Caren , Barbieri Marco Antonio , Bettiol Heloisa , Bazo Gabriel , Ferraro Alexandre A. , Vianna Elcio Oliveira 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The excess adiposity, even in the absence of diseases, is responsible for a decline in pulmonary function, which is considered a predictor of mortality and a risk factor for diseases in several epidemiological studies. However, studies on the association between obesity and pulmonary function have found only few associations or inconclusive results. The aimed of study is evaluate the association between body composition and spirometric parameters, comparing simple obesity measures such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference with more precise body composition measurements such as dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and air-displacement plethysmography (BOD POD). Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study that used data from the 1978/79 Ribeirão Preto birth cohort (São Paulo, Brazil). The study included 1,746 participants from the 5th follow-up of the cohort. Linear regressions were calculated to evaluate the association between BMI, waist circumference, waist-height ratio (WHtR), BOD POD- and DXA-measured fat mass percentage, and spirometric parameters FEV1, and FVC. Results: For every 1-kg/m2 BMI increase, FVC decreased by 13 ml in males and by 6 ml in females and FEV1 decreased by 11 ml and 5 ml, respectively. Regarding body composition measurements, for a 1% increase in fat mass assessed by BOD POD, FVC decreased by 16 ml in males and by 8 ml in females and FEV1 decreased by 13 ml and 7 ml, respectively. Hence, negative associations between body measurements and FEV1 and FVC were observed in both genders, especially when using the fat mass measurement and more expressive in men. The association was detected for waist circumference.Conclusion: The anthropometric and body composition parameters were negatively associated with the spirometric variables FVC and FEV1. We have also observed that simple measures such as waist-height ratio were sufficient to detect the association of obesity with pulmonary function reduction.
Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Image Detection Algorithms
Authors: Srivast Shrey , Divekar Amit Vishvas , Anilkumar Chandu , Naik Ishika , Kulkarni Ved , V. Pattabiraman 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As humans, we do not have to strain ourselves when we interpret our surroundings through our visual senses. From the moment we begin to observe, we unconsciously train ourselves with the same set of images. Hence, distinguishing entities is not a difficult task for us. On the contrary, computer views all kinds of visual media as an array of numerical values. Due to this contrast in approach, they require image processing algorithms to examine the contents of images. This project presents a comparative analysis of 3 major image processing algorithms: SSD, Faster R-CNN, and YOLO. In this analysis, we have chosen the COCO dataset. With the help of the COCO dataset, we have evaluated the performance and accuracy of the three algorithms and analysed their strengths and weaknesses. Using the results obtained from our implementations, we determine the differences between how each algorithm runs and suitable applications for each. The parameters for evaluation are accuracy, precision, F1 score.
Trend in temperature extreme indices over Mongolia and associated large-scale circulations
Authors: Nyamjantsan Baljinnyam , Yoo Changhyun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Employing the percentile-based indices, TN10p, TX10p, TN90p, and TX90p during 1961–2018, we evaluate temporal and spatial trends in extreme temperature at 54 stations over Mongolia. Statically significant changes in temperature extremes in the warm (TN90p and TX90p) and cool indices (TN10p and TX10p) are found. The rate of increase in the number of warm nights and days are respectively 1.5 and 1.9 days decade− 1, while the cool nights and days show a declining trend of -0.8 and − 1.5 days decade− 1, respectively. Despite the fact that the trends are most vigorous during June-July-August, seasonal variations can be seen. Also, spatial distributions of the trends reveal weakest magnitudes in Gobi Desert, while strongest in the west and north of Mongolia. The large-scale atmospheric circulations account for changes in the temperature extreme indices. The East Atlantic, East Atlantic/western Russian, and Scandinavian patterns, and the Arctic Oscillation is found to contribute the most to the interannual variation in the temperature extremes.
Scale Ultrasound-guided Radial Artery Cannulation in infant: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yang Fei , Li Shangyingying , Chen Hang , Jiang Rui , Wang Xuanqin , Wang Weiping , Shi Yuan , Liu Lifei , Guo Hongjie , Ye Mao , Wang Qiang , Tu Shengfen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCannulation of the radial artery can be extremely challenging in infants. Scale ultrasound can provide accurate arterial location and guidance for operators. We hypothesized that scale ultrasound helps increase the initial success rate of radial artery cannulation in this population.MethodThis is a double-blinded, parallel-group trial prospective study. Seventy-six infants aged 0–3 months who needed arterial puncture after general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups (1:1 ratio): the scale ultrasound group and the traditional ultrasound group. Patients in the traditional ultrasound group underwent conventional ultrasound-guided radial artery puncture, whereas radial artery puncture was guided by scale ultrasound in the scale ultrasound group. The primary endpoints were the success rate of the first attempt and the total success rate of arterial cannulation. The secondary endpoints were the time of ultrasound location, the time of the needle entering the radial artery, the time of successful cannulation, times of the arterial puncture and the incidence of vascular complications. Data analysis was performed with Minitab 18.0 (Minitab Inc., USA).Main ResultsThe success rate of the first attempt and the total success rate of arterial cannulation were 92.1% (35/38) and 100% (38/38) in the scale ultrasound group and 50% (19/38) and 86.8% (33/38) in the traditional ultrasound group (p < 0.005), respectively. The median time to ultrasound location, needle entry into the radial artery and successful cannulation in the scale ultrasound group were significantly shorter than those in the traditional ultrasound group: 10 (8.0, 17.2) s, 15 (11.7, 20) s and 65 (53.8, 78.5) s vs 30 (26.5, 43.5) s, 35 (23, 51) s and 224.5 (123.5, 356) s (p < 0.001), respectively. The incidence of hematoma was higher in the traditional group (p < 0.005).ConclusionsScale ultrasound-guided radial arterial cannulation can significantly improved initial success rate and overall success rate, shorten puncture time in infant,compared with that achieved with the use of traditional ultrasound guidance.