bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of DNA mismatch repair proteins in prostate cancer
Authors: Sharma Meenal , Yang Zhiming , Miyamoto Hiroshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Recent studies have suggested an increased risk of prostate cancer in men with Lynch syndrome driven by germline mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes. However, the incidence and clinical implication of MMR deficiency in sporadic prostate cancers remain poorly understood. We immunohistochemically stained for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 in a set of tissue microarray consisting of 220 radical prostatectomy specimens and evaluated the relationship between loss of their expression and available clinicopathological features. MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 were lost in 2 (0.9%), 6 (2.7%), 37 (16.8%), and 27 (12.3%) prostate cancers, respectively. Loss of at least 1 MMR protein was identified in 50 (22.7%) cases. There were no statistically significant associations between MMR deficiency and patient age, family history of prostate cancer, Gleason score, or pT/pN stage. Nonetheless, the levels of preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were significantly (P = .015) higher in patients with MMR deficiency (mean ± SD: 9.12 ± 9.01 ng/mL) than in those without abnormal MMR (5.76 ± 3.17 ng/mL). There were 15 (6.8%) cases showing loss of at least 2 MMR proteins, which was not significantly associated with PSA level or tumor grade/stage. Additionally, 5 and 2 cases showed losses of at least 3 MMR proteins and all 4 proteins, respectively. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed no significant associations between loss of MLH1 (P = .373), MSH2 (P = .348), MSH6 (P = .946), or PMS2 (P = .681), or at least 1 (P = .477), 2 (P = .486), or 3 (P = .352) MMR proteins and biochemical recurrence. Further analyses of the data on programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression previously stained in the same set of tissue microarray demonstrated associations between loss of ≥2 MMR proteins and a higher rate of PD-L1 expression in cancer cells (17.2% vs 5.2%; P = .033) as well as between cases showing both loss of ≥1 MMR protein(s) and PD-L1 expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells vs a higher risk of biochemical recurrence (P = .045). MMR protein loss was seen in a subset of prostate cancers. Interestingly, it was associated with significantly higher levels of PSA. Moreover, immunohistochemical detection of MMR proteins together with other proteins, such as PD-L1, might be helpful in predicting tumor recurrence following radical prostatectomy.
Development of an application for management of drug holidays in perioperative periods
Authors: Kimura Sakiko , Emoto Akiko , Yoshimura Mariko , Arimizu Kota , Kamura Tomoko , Sogawa Rintaro , Mizuta Kikumi , Tagomori Yasuhiro , Natsuaki Masahiro , Kajiwara Masataka , Tsuruoka Nanae , Yakushiji Yusuke , Tanigawa Yoshinori , Takamatsu Chihiro , Danjo Atsushi , Kamohara Keiji , Hirakawa Naomi , Sakaguchi Yoshiro , Noguchi Mitsuru , Noshiro Hirokazu , Kawaguchi Atsushi , Sueoka Eisaburo , Narisawa Yutaka , Kimura Shinya 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Before surgery and other invasive treatments, decisions must be made on whether to discontinue drugs and provide appropriate drug holidays especially for antithrombotic drugs, and this is made difficult by the large number of available drugs and associated guidelines. We have therefore developed an online application for perioperative drug discontinuation and resumption management, named Saga Application for Management of Drug Holidays in PeriOperative Periods (SAMPOP).
Multidisciplinary medical staff at Saga University Hospital (SUH) worked together to build an evidence-based Perioperative Drug Discontinuation Management Database (PDDMD) and developed the user-friendly SAMPOP online application via preliminary verification at SUH. From September 2018 to February 2020, 420 medical staff at SUH, including physicians, nurses, and pharmacists, installed and tested SAMPOP.
Rate per surgical procedure for forgetting to discontinue antithrombotic drugs preoperatively decreased from 0.18% to 0.09% as of August 2019, 12 months after the introduction of SAMPOP (P = .1359). In addition, six months later, it decreased further to 0.03% as of February 2020 (P = .0436). Forgetting to resume antithrombotic drugs postoperatively decreased from 0.20% to 0.02% as of August 2019, 12 months after the introduction of SAMPOP (P = .0008). There was no case of forgetting to resume the medication in the last 6 months.
SAMPOP may be useful for management of drug holidays in the clinic and warrants further evaluation of its safety and efficacy.
Vitamin D supplementation for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wang Shengju , Cai Baochao , Han Xuke , Gao Yang , Zhang Xiaoran , Wang Ruili , Zhang Yuan , Chen Qiu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and low vitamin D levels are positively associated with NAFLD and T2DM. But there is absence of convincing evidence-based medicine to confirm the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for T2DM with NAFLD. Thus, we aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to summarize the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for T2DM combined with NAFLD, and help to further clarify its beneficial action on diabetic patients with NAFLD.

Methods:
The study only selects clinical randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation for T2DM combined with NAFLD. We will search each database from the built-in until July 2020. The English literature mainly searches Cochrane Library, Pubmed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. While the Chinese literature comes from CNKI, CBM, VIP, and Wangfang database. Meanwhile, we will retrieve clinical trial registries and grey literature. Two researchers worked independently on literature selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. The dichotomous data is represented by relative risk (RR), and the continuous is expressed by mean difference (MD) or standard mean difference (SMD), eventually the data is synthesized using a fixed effect model (FEM) or a random effect model (REM) depending on the heterogeneity. The imaging markers of liver, biomarkers of hepatic steatosis, serological indexes of hepatic fibrosis, serum NAFLD liver fat score were evaluated as the main outcomes. While several secondary outcomes were also evaluated in this study. The statistical analysis of this meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan software version 5.3.

Results:
This meta-analysis will further determine the beneficial efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for T2DM combined with NAFLD.

Conclusion:
This study determines the positive efficacy of vitamin D supplementation for diabetic patients with NAFLD.
Rapid platelet count improvement in chronic hepatitis C patients with thrombocytopenia receiving direct-acting antiviral agents
Authors: Chen Yen-Chun , Tseng Chih-Wei , Tseng Kuo-Chih 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The effect of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) on short-term platelet improvement in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with thrombocytopenia is unclear.
From December 2015 to March 2018, a total of 249 CHC patients receiving DAA treatment with baseline thrombocytopenia (platelet count <150 × 103 /μL) at Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. Blood examinations were conducted at baseline (BL), week 4 (W4) after DAA initiation, end of treatment (EOT), and 12 weeks after EOT (P12).
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotyping revealed that 184 patients (73.9%) carried HCV genotype 1. Of the patients in the cohort, 87 (34.9%) were interferon (IFN)-experienced, and 213 (85.5%) had advanced fibrosis. All but 1 patient achieved SVR12 (sustained virologic response (SVR) rate, 99.6%; 248/249). The platelet count recovered significantly in 104 patients (41.7%; 104/249). The mean baseline platelet count was 102 × 103/μL before DAA, increasing to 116 × 103/μL, 114 × 103/μL, and 113 × 103/μL at W4, EOT, and P12, respectively. Comparison of the mean platelet count at baseline with that at W4, EOT, and P 12 showed statistically significant increases at all time points (W4 vs BL, P < .001; EOT vs BL, P < .001; P12 vs BL, P < .001). Multivariate analyses revealed moderate or severe fatty liver (P = .024) and lower baseline platelet count (P = .005) was significantly associated with platelet count improvement.
In conclusion, thrombocytopenia associated with CHC rapidly improves with the administration of DAA. Moderate or severe fatty liver and lower baseline platelet count predict significant improvement of platelet count.
Risk of venous thromboembolism, use of enoxaparin and clinical outcomes in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgery
Authors: Hussain Zahid , Peterson Gregory M. , Mirkazemi Corinne , Curtain Colin , Zaidi Syed Tabish R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There is a lack of clear guidance for the prophylactic use of anticoagulants for patients undergoing laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) surgery.
This study aimed to evaluate the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), prophylactic use of enoxaparin and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing primary and revisional LAGB procedures.
A retrospective study evaluated the prophylactic use of enoxaparin in adult patients who underwent primary and revisional (band and port) LAGB procedures. The incidence of VTE and major bleeding was investigated during a 90-day follow-up period. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.
We included 112 and 100 patients who had undergone primary and revisional (24 band procedures and 76 port procedures) LAGB surgery, respectively. The majority of patients (97%) had a mild risk of VTE development using a post-discharge VTE risk calculator tool published from the Cleveland Clinic. All primary procedure patients received prophylactic enoxaparin, compared to 79% and 20% of revisional patients who underwent band and port procedures, respectively (P < .001). The overall VTE incidence was 0.9%, with no significant difference between patients who did or did not receive chemoprophylaxis (0.7% and 1.5%, respectively; P = .58). No major bleeding events were observed.
Chemoprophylaxis may not be required in all patients undergoing low-risk LAGB surgery unless there are additional risk factors, such as the presence of super-super-morbid obesity or concomitant hormone replacement therapy. More studies are needed on the prophylactic use and dosing of enoxaparin in patients undergoing LAGB procedures to provide high-level evidence.
Does concomitant methotrexate confer clinical benefits in patients treated with prior biologic therapy? Analysis of data from a noninterventional study of rheumatoid arthritis patients initiating treatment with adalimumab
Authors: Schmalzing Marc , Behrens Frank , Schwaneck Eva C. , Koehm Michaela , Greger Gerd , Gnann Holger , Burkhardt Harald , Tony Hans-Peter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Most studies of methotrexate (MTX) in combination with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors have focused on treatment-naive patients with early disease. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether previous biologic therapy influenced the impact of concomitant MTX in patients initiating treatment with adalimumab.
We retrospectively analyzed data from 2 large noninterventional studies of German patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who initiated adalimumab therapy during routine clinical practice. Patients were seen between April 2004 and February 2013 for study 1 and between April 2003 and March 2013 for study 2. Key outcomes were Disease Activity Score-28 joints (DAS28), patient global assessment of health (PGA), and pain. Subgroup analyses by prior biologic treatment were performed on patients treated with continuous adalimumab monotherapy or adalimumab plus MTX for 12 months and 2-sample t tests were used to evaluate differences. We also assessed outcomes in subgroups in which MTX had been added or removed at 6 months and compared outcomes with 1-sample t tests.
Of 2654 patients, 1911 (72%) were biologic naive and 743 (28%) had received prior biologic therapy, usually with a TNF inhibitor. All subgroups showed improvements following initiation of adalimumab therapy. In patients with no previous biologic treatment, continuous adalimumab plus MTX was associated with greater improvements in DAS28, PGA, and pain at month 12 compared with continuous adalimumab monotherapy (P = .0006, .0031, and .0032, respectively). In patients with previous biologic treatment, concomitant MTX was associated with statistically significant benefits in pain only. Adding MTX at month 6 resulted in additional benefits in patients with no prior biologic therapy, but not those with previous biologics.
We conclude that concomitant MTX resulted in additional improvements in DAS28 and PGA vs adalimumab monotherapy in patients with no previous biologic therapy, but changes were not statistically significant in patients treated with prior biologics. These findings may help inform the patient/provider treatment decision during routine clinical care.
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Young People With Cancer
Authors: Pathrose Sheeja Perumbil , Everett Bronwyn , Patterson Pandora , Ussher Jane , Salamonson Yenna , McDonald Fiona , Biegel Gina , Ramjan Lucie 
Published: May 2020

Background
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have demonstrated benefits for adults with chronic illness and are becoming increasingly popular among children and young people. Mindfulness-based interventions could have benefits for young people with cancer throughout the treatment journey, through to survivorship.

Objective
The aim was to review intervention studies about MBI used with young people with cancer between the ages of 10 and 29 years.

Methods
Six electronic databases were searched. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.

Results
Six contemporary studies met the inclusion criteria. Three studies adapted MBI to be age appropriate and some studies modified the intervention based on cancer-specific needs of young people. Formal and informal MBI activities were found to be acceptable by young people; however, recruitment of the participants was identified as a barrier. Variability in psychosocial outcomes was noted in the review by some demonstrating improvement in areas such as mindfulness, anxiety, and social isolation and others not eliciting significant benefits.

Conclusions
Mindfulness-based intervention shows promise as an acceptable intervention that may improve psychosocial well-being for young people with cancer. Future research studies with adequate sample sizes are warranted to determine the effectiveness of MBI among young people with cancer.

Implications for Practice
Mindfulness-based intervention seems to be a promising approach to promote psychosocial well-being and reduce disease burden in young people with cancer. As validated MBI may be implemented without expert training, this could be promoted by healthcare providers, including nurses who care for young people with cancer.
The Use of Mobile Applications for Managing Care Processes During Chemotherapy Treatments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Magalhães Bruno , Fernandes Carla , Santos Célia , Martínez-Galiano Juan Miguel 
Published: May 2020

Background
The recent mobile technology advancements, such as the development of applications (apps) for mobile phones and tablets, can assist in the development of low-cost platforms to monitor therapeutic adherence or complications, providing easily accessible information or guidelines in self-care focused on the care recipient.

Objective
The aim of this study was to gather scientific evidence about the efficacy of the use of mobile apps during chemotherapy treatments.

Methods
A systematic review of quantitative studies was performed. All articles published until May 31, 2019 were identified in databases MEDLINE, CINAHL Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Cochrane Library.

Results
A total of 10 quantitative studies were included. A set of metrics was identified that essentially analyze issues related to the devices’ functionalities. The metrics associated with engagement and related to behavioral dimensions, associated with the use of/adherence to the mobile app, are predominant. The clinical metrics represent 25 of a total of 53 identified metrics. Beneficial and statistically significant results were identified related to fatigue, self-efficacy, and improvements in reports of complications.

Conclusion
Based on the available research, mobile apps are likely to be a useful and acceptable tool to monitor interventions and complications. In addition, mobile apps can help in the self-management of treatment-related complications. Importantly, these apps need to bridge the academic context and clinical practice, by evaluating the impact of the use of mobile apps in patients.

Implications for Practice
The concept of prescribing apps is being addressed to ensure that apps work and have fair privacy and data security policies that address safety requirements.
Distinct Aspects of Decision Making in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Noroozian Maryam , Sharifi Vandad , Alaghband-rad Javad , Motamed Mahtab 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) rely on “explicit learning” strategies in decision making. It is suggested that periods of brief distraction (in healthy individuals) result in better decisions in complex situations. It can be hypothesized that periods of unconscious thought would not lead to better decisions due to impairment of implicit learning in OCD. A total of 121 OCD patients and 120 healthy participants were presented with a task in which they had to choose between four apartments with multiple attributes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: making a decision immediately after being presented with options (immediate), after thinking carefully for 2 minutes (conscious thought [CT]), or after being distracted for 2 minutes (unconscious thought [UT]). Individuals with OCD performed worse than healthy controls in UT condition, although they did better in CT condition. Our study supports the idea of dysfunction in implicit processing and overreliance on explicit processes in OCD.
Severe Agitation in a Teenager With Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Greenky David , Khan Naghma S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a challenging diagnosis because it mimics many other conditions. We present a case of a 16-year-old boy with spastic cerebral palsy who presented with severe agitation, hyperthermia, and autonomic dysfunction. He arrived to a community pediatric hospital without a caregiver to provide a detailed history, which further complicated his management.
Trends in State Policy Support for Sexual Minorities and HIV-Related Outcomes Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States, 2008–2014
Authors: Hatzenbuehler Mark L. , McKetta Sarah , Goldberg Naomi , Sheldon Alex , Friedman Samuel R. , Cooper Hannah L. F. , Beane Stephanie , Williams Leslie D. , Tempalski Barbara , Smith Justin C. , Ibragimov Umedjon , Mermin Jonathan , Stall Ron 
Published: May 2020

Background:
To examine trends in state-level policy support for sexual minorities and HIV outcomes among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods:
This longitudinal analysis linked state-level policy support for sexual minorities [N = 94 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in 38 states] to 7 years of data (2008–2014) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on HIV outcomes among MSM. Using latent growth mixture modeling, we combined 11 state-level policies (eg, nondiscrimination laws including sexual orientation as a protected class) from 1999 to 2014, deriving the following 3 latent groups: consistently low policy support, consistently high policy support, and increasing trajectory of policy support. Outcomes were HIV diagnoses per 10,000 MSM, late diagnoses (number of deaths within 12 months of HIV diagnosis and AIDS diagnoses within 3 months of HIV diagnosis) per 10,000 MSM, AIDS diagnoses per 10,000 MSM with HIV, and AIDS-related mortality per 10,000 MSM with AIDS.

Results:
Compared with MSAs in states with low policy support and increasing policy support for sexual minorities, MSAs in states with the highest level of policy support had lower risks of HIV diagnoses [risk difference (RD) = −37.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): −54.7 to −21.0], late diagnoses (RD = −12.5, 95% CI: −20.4 to −4.7), and AIDS-related mortality (RD = −33.7, 95% CI: −61.2 to −6.2), controlling for time and 7 MSA-level covariates. In low policy support states, 27% of HIV diagnoses, 21% of late diagnoses, and 10% of AIDS deaths among MSM were attributable to the policy climate.

Conclusion:
The state-level policy climate related to sexual minorities was associated with HIV health outcomes among MSM and could be a potential public health tool for HIV prevention and care.
A Novel Injection Technique for Extended-Release Local Anesthetic After Posterior Colporrhaphy and Perineorrhaphy: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Evans Sarah Keenan Larkin , Abimbola Obafunbi , Myers Erinn M. , Tarr Megan E. 
Published: May 2020

Objectives
To evaluate the effect of vaginal intraoperative infiltration of liposomal bupivacaine on vaginal pain among patients undergoing posterior colporrhaphy and perineorrhaphy.

Methods
This was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial offered to women undergoing posterior colporrhaphy and perineorrhaphy with concomitant pelvic reconstructive procedures. Liposomal bupivacaine or normal saline placebo (30 mL) was injected into the posterior vaginal compartment and perineal body in 2- to 3-mL increments, using a systematic technique. All participants received 10-mL 0.25% bupivacaine with epinephrine prior to incision. Perioperative care was standardized. The primary outcome was vaginal pain as measured by a visual analog scale.

Results
One hundred twenty-six women were screened, and 72 were included. Demographic characteristics were similar. Median visual analog scale was not different at any time point (P = 0.81). There were no differences in secondary outcomes, including narcotic use (37.5 vs 37.5 mg morphine equivalents, P = 0.51; placebo vs liposomal bupivacaine), time to first opioid (68 vs 89.5 minutes, P = 0.56), antiemetic doses (3 vs 2, P = 0.07), hospital length of stay (24 vs 21.9 hours, P = 0.98), length of stay in postanesthesia care unit (93 vs 100 minutes, P = 0.32), proportion of patients who had a bowel movement within the first 3 postoperative days (65.7 vs 59.5% P = 0.36), or successful voiding trials (45.7 vs 59.5%, P = 0.24). There were no differences in patient satisfaction or postoperative adverse events.

Conclusions
In this study of pelvic reconstructive surgeries with posterior colporrhaphy and perineorrhaphy, there were no differences in pain scores or any secondary outcomes between liposomal bupivacaine and placebo injected into the posterior vaginal compartment.