bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trainer Development of the Electrical and Electronics Course as a Learning Media in Electrical Department SMKN 1 Tilatang Kamang
Authors: Aswardi  , Nellitawati  , Arda Ihsan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tilatang Kamang Village, which is in the rural area, causes most students to have limited access to technological developments, especially in terms of practical equipment in the laboratory. This limitation causes students to be unable to think quickly, and has an impact on the speed and accuracy of students in practicing in the laboratory. Existing teaching aids are ineffective, because they only consist of circuit boards that require a long time and make it difficult for students to operate. Low ability and limited experience of students at SMKN 1 Tilatang in using laboratory equipment are also the causes of ineffective learning, especially in the learning of electrical and electronic circuits. This type of research is Research and Development which uses the Borg and Gall research procedure. The research subject is the electric circuit media trainer and the respondent was a teacher of Basic Electricity and Electronics and an electrical student at SMKN 1 Tilatang Kamang. The research instrument is the trainer questionnaire validation, practicality, and effectiveness of the trainer. Data analysis includes trainer validity, practicality, and trainer effectiveness. The results showed that the trainer’s validity was 90% with a valid category. The practicality of the trainer is viewed from the teacher’s side by 96% with very practical criteria, while the average practice in terms of students is 90% with very practical criteria. The average effectiveness of trainers is 86.9% with effective criteria.
Invited Commentary: Learning From Our Past to Build on Our Future— Lessons Learned From MRFIT and JUMBO
Authors: Odoms-Young Angela , Thorpe Roland J 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe propose that Blackburn (Am J Epidemiol. 2020;189(6):491–498) ignores several important issues that need to be considered in the context of a historical reflection of the National Heart Institute’s landmark study, the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT), and the alternative proposal, the “JUMBO” trial, submitted to the National Heart Institute by an experienced team of extramural investigators but never funded. A key focus of this commentary is to offer an alternative perspective on both studies using our current understanding of the impact of social and structural determinants of health; evidence that policy, systems, and environmental interventions are needed to support behavior change at the individual level; and the significance of examining research from a racial/socioeconomic equity lens. While we strongly agree with Blackburn’s conclusion urging the National Institutes of Health to invest in prevention research at a level consistent with its social and economic impact, we encourage the author to move beyond simply underscoring the methodological limitations and failure of the findings of MRFIT compared with the potential of the proposed JUMBO trial to consider the contribution of MRFIT to our current understanding of chronic disease prevention and treatment.
Looking Behind the Screen: Genealogies of Poetic Technology
Authors: Middleton Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEveryone, from distinguished philosophers to emergent poets, has been to some extent disoriented by the new digital technology and its shimmer of compositional novelty. This article reviews recent studies of the impact of the digital on research into the history of modern and contemporary poetry. Almost all poetry written and circulated today is dependent on digital media, with profound consequences for every aspect of its writing, performance, and reception. I argue that scholars of poetry can benefit from learning more about what constitutes the digital, as material technology, as programming, and as transformative social practice, as well as by studying earlier phases of the rapid transformation of communications technology. I then discuss briefly several recent texts on current digital infrastructure, before surveying some representative recent critical works that draw on insights derived from our digital era to provide new perspectives on the predigital age of poetry. At the heart of this review, essay is extended discussions of Seth Perlow’s The Poem Electric and Todd Tietchen’s Technomodern Poetics, recent books that explore changing concepts of lyric, surveillance, anonymity, and even electricity. In addition, this essay discusses The Bloomsbury Handbook of Electronic Literature, edited by Joseph Tabbi, which has a strong focus on poetics.
Flying under the Radar: Ghosts and the Income Tax
Authors: Erard Brian , Langetieg Patrick , Payne Mark , Plumley Alan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The tax compliance literature is primarily focused on taxpayers who fail to accurately report their taxes when they file their returns. In this article, our focus is on ‘ghosts’—individuals who do not even file a tax return. To learn more about this relatively understudied population, we examine a combination of US administrative data and matched Census survey data. Our results indicate that 10–12% of US households with a federal filing requirement fail to file a timely income tax return. Approximately 40% of such households do eventually file a late return. However, the tax gap associated with those who never file is substantial, amounting to an estimated $18–20 billion each year. To gain new insights into what drives individuals to become ghosts, we employ a novel econometric methodology (calibrated probit analysis). We find that the failure to file a timely return is negatively associated with age and income, but positively associated with having a high filing burden and being married. Taxpayers with income near the filing threshold are also less likely to file on time, particularly if they are not eligible for a refundable tax credit. We also find evidence of regional variation in filing compliance.
Simplification of Validated Patient-Reported Outcome Instruments in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Andersen Michael J , Yvellez Olivia V , El Jurdi Katia , Sossenheimer Philip H , Lei Donald , Pearl Talia A , Zmeter Nada , Rubin David T 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesImproving health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a major treatment goal for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Tools to measure HRQoL, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Short Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Questionnaire, are lengthy and rely on recall. This prospective, proof-of-concept pilot study assessed the feasibility, reliability, and validity of daily, simplified HRQoL and sleep quality data collection using mobile technologies in patients with IBD.MethodsAdult IBD patients were recruited from our center. Daily HRQoL and sleep quality were assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) surveys, and pain was assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBS). HRQoL and sleep were assessed on days 1, 14, and 28 of the study using the short IBD Questionnaire (SIBDQ) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Correlation between the daily instruments and the biweekly validated instruments were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient.ResultsOne hundred patients were enrolled. The correlation between mean global assessment VAS score over 2 weeks and PSQI score taken at 14 days was moderate (r = 0.62, P &lt; 0.0001). The correlation over the same time interval between mean WBS score and SIBDQ score was strong (r = −0.71, P &lt; 0.0001), and the correlation between mean sleep VAS score and PSQI score was moderate (r = −0.55, P &lt; 0.0001).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the potential for electronic quality of life, sleep quality, and pain assessments as feasible, reliable, and valid tools in IBD patients. Intermittent administration of these simplified electronic assessments may be useful in further reducing patient survey burden without significantly compromising their utility.
Machine learning-based mortality prediction of patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy: the SEMMELWEIS-CRT score
Authors: Tokodi Márton , Schwertner Walter Richard , Kovács Attila , Tősér Zoltán , Staub Levente , Sárkány András , Lakatos Bálint Károly , Behon Anett , Boros András Mihály , Perge Péter , Kutyifa Valentina , Széplaki Gábor , Gellér László , Merkely Béla , Kosztin Annamária 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Aims
Our aim was to develop a machine learning (ML)-based risk stratification system to predict 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year all-cause mortality from pre-implant parameters of patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).

Methods and results
Multiple ML models were trained on a retrospective database of 1510 patients undergoing CRT implantation to predict 1- to 5-year all-cause mortality. Thirty-three pre-implant clinical features were selected to train the models. The best performing model [SEMMELWEIS-CRT score (perSonalizEd assessMent of estiMatEd risk of mortaLity With machinE learnIng in patientS undergoing CRT implantation)], along with pre-existing scores (Seattle Heart Failure Model, VALID-CRT, EAARN, ScREEN, and CRT-score), was tested on an independent cohort of 158 patients. There were 805 (53%) deaths in the training cohort and 80 (51%) deaths in the test cohort during the 5-year follow-up period. Among the trained classifiers, random forest demonstrated the best performance. For the prediction of 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year mortality, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the SEMMELWEIS-CRT score were 0.768 (95% CI: 0.674–0.861; P &lt; 0.001), 0.793 (95% CI: 0.718–0.867; P &lt; 0.001), 0.785 (95% CI: 0.711–0.859; P &lt; 0.001), 0.776 (95% CI: 0.703–0.849; P &lt; 0.001), and 0.803 (95% CI: 0.733–0.872; P &lt; 0.001), respectively. The discriminative ability of our model was superior to other evaluated scores.

Conclusion
The SEMMELWEIS-CRT score (available at semmelweiscrtscore.com) exhibited good discriminative capabilities for the prediction of all-cause death in CRT patients and outperformed the already existing risk scores. By capturing the non-linear association of predictors, the utilization of ML approaches may facilitate optimal candidate selection and prognostication of patients undergoing CRT implantation.
Intracranial haemorrhages vs. stent thromboses with direct oral anticoagulant plus single antiplatelet agent or triple antithrombotic therapy: a meta-analysis of randomized trials in atrial fibrillation and percutaneous coronary intervention/acute coronary syndrome patients
Authors: Galli Mattia , Andreotti Felicita , Porto Italo , Crea Filippo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Aims
To assess the efficacy-safety profile of dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT) including direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) vs. triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods and results
Randomized trials of AF patients with ACS/PCI, comparing DAT using DOACs against TAT, were selected. Overall, 11 161 studies were screened, 458 trials assessed, and four included, comprising 10 234 patients followed for a mean of 11 months. DAT compared to TAT resulted in significant reductions of trial-defined primary safety outcome [odds ratio (OR) 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.79, number needed to treat (NNT) 17] and of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) major bleeding (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.41–0.70, NNT 76) and in a numerical reduction of intracranial haemorrhage (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.21–1.19, NNT 314), which became significant after exclusion of DOACs from TAT and vitamin K antagonist from DAT arms (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.64). There were no significant differences in the risks of cardiovascular or any deaths or stroke, but with DAT, there was a numerical increase in myocardial infarctions (MIs) (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.99–1.54, estimated NNT for an additional harmful outcome (NNTH) 151), which became significant in the ACS/PCI subgroup (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.02–2.00), and a 60% significant increase in stent thrombosis risk (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.02–2.52; NNTH 274).

Conclusion
Dual antithrombotic therapy, compared to TAT, conferred a significantly reduced risk of overall bleeding but with a significant increase of stent thrombosis risk in the overall population and a significant 43% increase of MI in the ACS/PCI subgroup.
Transferring Knowledge to Narrative Worlds: Applying Power Taxonomy to Science Fiction Films
Authors: Ayhan Kadir Jun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInstructors of courses in international relations increasingly use films to facilitate students’ learning of abstract concepts and to deepen their understanding of theories. This paper introduces how the fictional universes presented in films can be utilized as platforms for students to learn about the application of analytical frameworks. This method aims to enhance students’ abilities to transfer learned knowledge to a different setting. Knowledge transfer requires skills that go beyond lower-order thinking. Higher-order thinking aids students’ retention of concepts, and enables them to apply what they have learned to new situations. This article illustrates an application of a power taxonomy in the narrative world of the non-historical science fiction films. This exercise can easily be transported to various political science, international relations, and other courses to help students learn various analytical concepts, frameworks, and theories.
The Ends of Medicine and the Experience of Patients
Authors: MacDougall D Robert 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ends of medicine are sometimes construed simply as promotion of health, treatment and prevention of disease, and alleviation of pain. Practitioners might agree that this simple formulation captures much of what medical practice is about. But while the ends of medicine may seem simple or even obvious, the essays in this issue demonstrate the wide variety of philosophical questions and issues associated with the ends of medicine. They raise questions about how to characterize terms like “health” and “disease”; whether medicine’s goals should be extended to include enhancement beyond normal human function; and whether the ends of medicine are binding on those involved in health care outside of professional medicine, such as pharmaceutical companies. They also give philosophical attention to patient experiences, and so raise questions about whether current practices achieve the ends of medicine from the perspective of the patient. Together these essays demonstrate the important role played by a conception of medicine’s ends in a wide variety of issues and problems in the philosophy and ethics of medicine.
Nitrate regulation of lateral root and root hair development in plants
Authors: Liu Bohan , Wu Junyu , Yang Shuaiqi , Schiefelbein John , Gan Yinbo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important macronutrients for plant growth and development. However, the concentration and distribution of N varies in soil due to a variety of environmental factors. In response, higher plants have evolved a developmentally flexible root system to efficiently take up N under N-limited conditions. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made in understanding this form of plant ‘root-foraging’ behavior, which is controlled by both a local and a long-distance systemic nitrate signaling pathway. In this review, we focus on the key components of nitrate perception, signaling, and transduction and its role in lateral root development. We also highlight recent findings on the molecular mechanisms of the nitrate systemic signaling pathway, including small signaling peptides involved in long-distance shoot–root communication. Furthermore, we summarize the transcription factor networks responsible for nitrate-dependent lateral root and root hair development.
Making Decisions for Children—Accommodating Parental Choice in Best Interests Determinations: Barts Health NHS Trust v Raqeeb [2019] EWHC 2530 (Fam); Raqeeb and Barts Health NHS Trust [2019] EWHC 2531 (Admin)
Authors: Cave Emma , Brierley Joe , Archard David 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Four-year-old Tafida Raqeeb suffered a sudden and catastrophic brain injury resulting from a rare condition. UK doctors would not agree to a transfer of Tafida to a hospital in Italy in circumstances that they considered to be contrary to her best interests. Her parents applied for judicial review of the hospital decision and the hospital Trust applied for a determination of Tafida’s best interests. The cases were heard together. The High Court ruled that Tafida could be taken to Italy for treatment. Applying the best interests test, Mr Justice MacDonald found that Tafida was not in pain and ongoing treatment would not be a burden to her. Further treatment would comply with the religious beliefs of her parents. The case is specific to its facts, but MacDonald J’s interpretation of the best interests test is likely to have implications. In particular, we explore the separation of medical and overall best interests; the recognition of the relevance of international laws and frameworks to best interests determinations; and reliance not on what Tafida could understand and express but on what she might in future have come to believe had she followed her parents’ religious beliefs.
Comparison of three anti-coccidioides antibody enzyme immunoassay kits for the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Malo Joshua , Holbrook Eric , Zangeneh Tirdad , Strawter Chris , Oren Eyal , Robey Ian , Erickson Heidi , Carranza-Chahal Racquel , Durkin Michelle , Thompson Cindy , Hoover Susan E , Ampel Neil M , Wheat L Joseph , Knox Kenneth S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCoccidioidomycosis is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in endemic areas of the southwestern United States. Clinical presentations range from self-limited disease to severe, disseminated disease. As such, early and accurate diagnosis is essential to ensure appropriate treatment and monitoring. Currently available diagnostic testing has variable accuracy, particularly in certain patient populations, and new tests may offer improved accuracy for the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis. Serum samples from patients with coccidioidomycosis and controls were tested for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies using the MVista Coccidioides antibody detection EIA and two commonly used commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits: the IMMY Omega EIA and the Meridian Premier EIA. The sensitivity of the IgG antibody detection was 87.4% using the MVista test compared to 46.6% for IMMY and 70.9% for Meridian. The sensitivity for IgM antibody detection was 61.2% for the MVista test, 22.3% for IMMY and 29.1% for Meridian. For IgG antibody detection, specificity was 90% for the MVista EIA, 94.6% for IMMY, 96.4% for Meridian. For IgM antibody detection, specificity was 95.3% for the MVista test 98.2% for IMMY and 99.1% for Meridian. The MVista Coccidioides antibody EIA offers improved sensitivity, including among high-risk patient populations, for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies in comparison to other currently available EIAs.
Magnetorotational instability in diamagnetic, misaligned protostellar discs
Authors: Devlen Ebru , Ulubay Ayse , Pekünlü E Rennan 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
In this study, we addressed the question of how the growth rate of the magnetorotational instability is modified when the radial component of the stellar dipole magnetic field is taken into account in addition to the vertical component. Considering a fiducial radius in the disc where diamagnetic currents are pronounced, we carried out a linear stability analysis to obtain the growth rates of the magnetorotational instability for various parameters such as the ratio of the radial-to-vertical component and the gradient of the magnetic field, the Alfvenic Mach number, and the diamagnetization parameter. Our results show that the interaction between the diamagnetic current and the radial component of the magnetic field increases the growth rate of the magnetorotational instability and generates a force perpendicular to the disc plane that may induce a torque. It is also shown that considering the radial component of the magnetic field and taking into account a radial gradient in the vertical component of the magnetic field causes an increase in the magnitudes of the growth rates of both the axisymmetric (m = 0) and the non-axisymmetric (m = 1) modes.
The Pan-Pacific Planet Search – VIII. Complete results and the occurrence rate of planets around low-luminosity giants
Authors: Wittenmyer Robert A , Butler R P , Horner Jonathan , Clark Jake , Tinney C G , Carter B D , Wang Liang , Johnson John Asher , Collins Michaela 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Our knowledge of the populations and occurrence rates of planets orbiting evolved intermediate-mass stars lags behind that for solar-type stars by at least a decade. Some radial velocity surveys have targeted these low-luminosity giant stars, providing some insights into the properties of their planetary systems. Here, we present the final data release of the Pan-Pacific Planet Search (PPPS), a 5 yr radial velocity survey using the 3.9 m Anglo-Australian Telescope. We present 1293 precise radial velocity measurements for 129 stars, and highlight 6 potential substellar-mass companions, which require additional observations to confirm. Correcting for the substantial incompleteness in the sample, we estimate the occurrence rate of giant planets orbiting low-luminosity giant stars to be approximately 7.8$^{+9.1}_{-3.3}$ per cent. This result is consistent with the frequency of such planets found to orbit main-sequence A-type stars, from which the PPPS stars have evolved.
NaCo polarimetric observations of Sz 91 transitional disc: a remarkable case of dust filtering
Authors: Maucó Karina , Olofsson Johan , Canovas Hector , Schreiber Matthias R , Christiaens Valentin , Bayo Amelia , Zurlo Alice , Cáceres Claudio , Pinte Christophe , Villaver Eva , Girard Julien H , Cieza Lucas , Montesinos Matías 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
We present polarized light observations of the transitional disc around Sz 91 acquired with VLT/NaCo at H (1.7μm) and Ks (2.2μm) bands. We resolve the disc and detect polarized emission up to ∼0.5 arcsec (∼80 au) along with a central cavity at both bands. We computed a radiative transfer model that accounts for the main characteristics of the polarized observations. We found that the emission is best explained by small, porous grains distributed in a disc with a ∼45 au cavity. Previous ALMA observations have revealed a large sub-mm cavity (∼83 au) and extended gas emission from the innermost (&lt;16 au) regions up to almost 400 au from the star. Dynamical clearing by multiple low-mass planets arises as the most probable mechanism for the origin of Sz 91’s peculiar structure. Using new L′-band ADI observations, we can rule out companions more massive than Mp ≥ 8 MJup beyond 45 au assuming hot-start models. The disc is clearly asymmetric in polarized light along the minor axis, with the north side brighter than the south side. Differences in position angle between the disc observed at sub-mm wavelengths with ALMA and our NaCo observations were found. This suggests that the disc around Sz 91 could be highly structured. Higher signal-to-noise near-IR and sub-mm observations are needed to confirm the existence of such structures and to improve the current understanding of the origin of transitional discs.