bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructures and strengths of microporous MgO‐Al2O3 refractory aggregates using two types of magnesite
Authors: Huang Yifan , Chen Zhe , Yan Wen , Dai Yajie , Li Guangqiang , Wang Qiang , Li Nan , Li Yawei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSix microporous MgO‐Al2O3 refractory aggregates were prepared with Al(OH)3 and two different types of magnesite powders via an in‐situ decomposition pore‐forming technique. One magnesite powder contained more CaO (Magnesite C), the other one contained more SiO2 and Al2O3 impurities (Magnesite SA). Effects of magnesite powder type and content (11 wt.%, 36 wt.% and 77 wt.%) on the phase compositions, microstructures and mechanical strengths of the prepared microporous aggregates were investigated by X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), mercury porosimetry measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. With the addition of 11 wt.% and 77 wt.% magnesite, the type of magnesite had only a small effect on the microporous corundum‐spinel and periclase‐spinel aggregates, while great influence on the microporous spinel aggregates was observed with 36 wt.% addition. This was mainly because of the sintering process with liquid phase. The best microporous MgO‐Al2O3 refractory aggregates, which had an apparent porosity of 39.1%, a median pore size of 3.38 μm and a compressive strength of 66.3 MPa, were prepared by using 36 wt.% Magnesite C. This work has practical significance for the efficient utilization of magnesite and the development of energy‐saving lightweight MgO‐Al2O3 refractories.
How does water and salt stress affect the germination and initial growth of Brazilian soya bean cultivars?
Authors: Zuffo Alan Mario , Steiner Fábio , Sousa Tiago de Oliveira , Aguilera Jorge González , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo , de Alcântara Neto Francisco , Ratke Rafael Felippe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe effects of water and salt stress on rate of germination and seedling growth were investigated under laboratory conditions in 46 soya bean genotypes from Central‐West region of Brazil to verify how these stresses may limit crop establishment during the initial growth stage and also to identify the most tolerant genotypes to drought and salinity. Mild water and salt stresses were imposed by seed exposure to –0.20 MPa iso‐osmotic solutions with polyethylene glycol—PEG 6000 (119.57 g/L) or NaCl (2.357 g/L) for 12 days at 25°C. The germination percentage, seedling length and seedling dry matter were measured, and then, salt or drought tolerance indexes were calculated. The “NS 5909 RG,” “NS 7000 IPRO,” “NS 7338IPRO,” “FPS Solimões RR,” “NS 5151 IPRO,” “SYN 13610 IPRO,” “LG 60177 IPRO,” “NS 6909 IPRO” and “BMX Desafio RR” were identified as the most drought‐tolerant genotypes, whereas under salinity conditions, the genotypes “5D 615 RR,” “BMX Desafio RR,” “5D 6215 IPRO” and “BMX Ponta IPRO” were identified as tolerant. The “BMX Desafio RR” is the genotype most adapted to both stress conditions and, therefore, should be used under conditions of water shortage and excess salt in the soil at sowing time.
Clinical presentation and outcomes of hospitalized adults with COVID‐19: A systematic review
Authors: Keller Kristin Garrett , Reangsing Chuntana , Schneider Joanne Kraenzle 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsThe aims of this review were to: (a) determine the clinical presentation; and (b) outcomes of adult hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 to provide practicing nurses with a cogent and concise clinical impression of COVID‐19 patients.DesignWe conducted a systematic review of early published, peer‐reviewed, original research where researchers presented data from adult hospitalized COVID‐19 patients regarding their presenting signs, symptoms, and definitive survival outcomes.Data SourcesWe searched the databases PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus for relevant articles published between 1 January 2020 ‐18 May 2020.Review MethodsWe extracted data from each study and synthesized them across primary sources using a literature matrix table to provide a global impression of this rapidly growing body of literature.ResultsWe retrieved 97 mainly descriptive observational studies. SARS‐CoV‐2 is efficiently transmitted between humans, particularly those in close contact. Symptomatic COVID‐19 patients can present with a broad array of nonspecific symptoms. Fever and cough are the most commonly reported symptoms; some patients have atypical presentations. In patients with respiratory decompensation, disease progression can be rapid. Some patients experience mild symptoms that are self‐limited; others experience organ failure and death. Risk factors for poor outcomes include older age, chronic medical conditions, male gender, obesity, and presenting with signs of declining respiratory status.ConclusionNurses can mitigate the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 and sequelae of COVID‐19 with prompt and capable responses.ImpactThis study addresses the problem of the continued spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 while little is known about this virus. This review provides nurses with a summary of the most current evidence regarding the signs, symptoms, and outcomes of adult hospitalized COVID‐19 patients that they might identify COVID‐19 patients rapidly on presentation to medical care and be attuned to indicators of patient decompensation.
Clinical benefits and safety of renal denervation in severe arterial hypertension: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Naduvathumuriyil Tino , Held Ulrike , Steigmiller Klaus , Denegri Andrea , Cantatore Silviya , Obeid Slayman , Flammer Andreas J. , Ruschitzka Frank , Lüscher Thomas F. , Sudano Isabella 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe clinical benefits of renal denervation are still under discussion, since randomized controlled clinical studies have provided inconsistent results. The present retrospective study examined the clinical effects of renal denervation with focus on office blood pressure, heart rate, and changes in renal function. Patients with treatment‐resistant hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg in spite of 3 antihypertensive drugs including a diuretic) underwent renal denervation at the University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland and were followed up until 36 months. Renal denervation was performed using 3 different renal denervation systems. The primary outcome consisted of change in office blood pressure, heart rate, and plasma creatinine at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after renal denervation. 58 patients underwent renal denervation between August 2010 and December 2017. After exclusion, 50 patients were included in the analyses. At 36 months, the mean office systolic and diastolic blood pressure change was −26.4/‐8.8 mm Hg (95% CI: −34.6 to −18.2/‐13.5 to −4.2 mm Hg; P < .001 for both). Office heart rate showed no significant change during follow‐up (P = .361). Plasma creatinine increased from 90.6 µmol/L (95% CI: 82.1 to 99.0 µmol/L) at baseline to 102.1 µmol/L (95% CI: 95.8 to 108.3 µmol/L) at 36 months (P = .007). No major adverse events occurred. Renal denervation is a safe and effective procedure for patients with treatment‐resistant hypertension with a clinically significant antihypertensive effect. Further randomized trials are needed to determine the specific context within which renal denervation should be considered a therapeutic option in antihypertensive care.
Brief online certification course for measuring blood pressure with an automated blood pressure device. A free new resource to support World Hypertension Day Oct 17, 2020
Authors: Campbell Norm R. C. , Khalsa Tej , Ordunez Pedro , Rodriguez Morales Yenny A. , Zhang Xin‐Hua , Parati Gianfranco , Padwal Raj , Tsuyuki Ross T. , Cloutier Lyne , Sharman James E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDetection, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension require accurate blood pressure assessment. However, in clinical practice, lack of training in or nonadherence to measurement recommendations, lack of patient preparation, unsuitable environments where blood pressure is measured, and inaccurate and inappropriate equipment are widespread and commonly lead to inaccurate blood pressure readings. This has led to calls to require regular training and certification for people assessing blood pressure. Hence, the Pan American Health Organization in collaboration with Resolve to Save Lives, the World Hypertension League, Lancet Commission on Hypertension Group, and Hypertension Canada has developed a free brief training and certification course in blood pressure measurement. The course is available at www. The release of the online certification course is timed to help support World Hypertension Day. This year World Hypertension Day has been delayed to October 17 due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. For 2020, the World Hypertension League calls on all health care professionals, health care professional organizations, and indeed all of society, to assess the blood pressure of all adults, measure blood pressure accurately, and achieve blood pressure control in those with hypertension.
Group education program for hypertension control
Authors: Meredith Ashley H. , Schmelz Andrew N. , Dawkins Emily , Carter Amy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHypertension continues to be a health crisis, with multiple approaches attempting to define best practices for management. The objective of our hypertension group education program is to improve patient health outcomes through engaging a multidisciplinary health professional team. A 6‐hour group curriculum was created with a focus on nutrition, lifestyle, and medication approaches to hypertension management, while incorporating personally identified behavior change goals and barriers. Outcomes were tracked pre‐program, at program completion, and 6 and 12 months post‐program completion. Program participants demonstrated immediate and sustained improvements in blood pressure readings and attainment of personal behavior change goals. Group hypertension education classes are an effective way to care for patients. Additional healthcare resources should be dedicated to creating and evaluating educational delivery models that are sustainable and provide results over time, including financial implications to the health system.
Social determinants status and hypertension: A Nationwide Cross‐sectional Study in China
Authors: Zheng Congyi , Wang Zengwu , Wang Xin , Chen Zuo , Zhang Linfeng , Kang Yuting , Yang Ying , Jiang Linlin , Gao Runlin ,   for the China Hypertension Survey Investigators
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo explore the association between unbalanced social determinants status and hypertension (HTN) in China, we conducted a cross‐sectional survey in a sample of 299 220 Chinese in 2012 to 2015. Social determinants status were measured with: (a) district‐level:Per capita GDP (Per_GDP), the number of hospital beds per 1000 residents (Per 1000_bed) and tertiary industry added value (TIAV); (b) individual‐level: education and employment conditions. Compared with the poorest level of Per_GDP, the middle and richest group had higher risk of HTN [OR, 95%CI: 1.12 (1.09‐1.14) and 0.99 (0.96‐1.02)] and higher possibility of HTN awareness, treatment, and control. Higher risk of HTN and lower possibility of awareness, treatment, and control were associated with elevated Per 1000_bed in rural area. Higher possibility of HTN control was associated with the higher TIAV (Ptrend < .001). Those with middle (OR, 95%CI: 0.86, 0.84‐0.88) and senior (OR, 95%CI: 0.72, 0.69‐0.76) education had a decreased risk of HTN and higher HTN control possibility compared to primary. And participants in retirement/unemployment conditions had a higher risk of HTN and higher possibility of HTN awareness, treatment, and control compared with the job‐holders. This study provides evidence from China that social determinants status has a detectable association with HTN. People with a higher economic area living, lower level of education, or retirement/ unemployment conditions has a higher risk of HTN, especially for male or rural residents. And lower possibility of HTN awareness, treatment, and control were associated with worse economic development and social circumstances environment, lower education level, and employment/student conditions.
Anthropometry did not approach adequate predictive accuracies for detecting elevated fasting plasma glucose or hemoglobin A1c levels among Chinese children aged 7–9 years
Authors: You Ying‐Bin , Zhou Hua , Han Jing , Zhu Yan‐Hui , Zan Ding , Zhang Qing‐Ying 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionElevated concentrations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are well‐established independent risk factors for progression to diabetes, cardiovascular comorbidities and mortality. Most previous studies on the relationships of anthropometric measures with hyperglycemia were carried out among adults and adolescents, but few data are available for the performance predication of the predictors for diagnosing elevated FPG or HbA1c among young children.Materials and MethodsInvolving 5,556 students of aged 7–9 years, a school‐based cross‐sectional survey was carried out between March and June 2019 in Shenzhen, China. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was utilized.ResultsThe median was 4.6 (interquartile range [IQR] 4.3–4.8) mmol/L for FPG and 5.3% (IQR 5.1–5.5%) for HbA1c levels for all participants. For detecting elevated FPG, weight (0.651, IQR 0.583–0.719) and waist circumference (0.650, IQR 0.584–0.717) showed the highest area under the curve and 95% confidence interval, followed by body mass index and the z‐score of body mass index (both 0.635, IQR 0.567–0.703); other anthropometric measures showed poorer diagnostic efficiencies or no ability. For detecting elevated HbA1c, lower efficiencies for the Conicity Index (0.651, IQR 0.583–0.719), waist‐to‐height ratio, waist‐to‐hip ratio and waist‐to‐chest ratio were shown. The correlations of FPG and HbA1c levels with anthropometric indices were weak (Spearman’s r ≤ 0.179).ConclusionsNone of the evaluated anthropometric indicators approached an adequate predictive accuracy for the detection of elevated FPG or HbA1c levels in Shenzhen children aged 7–9 years. The current study did not recommend anthropometry screening for prediabetes in young children.
Elevated Depressive Symptoms and the Risk of Stroke among the Mexican Older Population
Authors: Meza Erika , Eng Chloe W. , Sáenz Joseph L. , Gilsanz Paola , Glymour Medellena Maria , Torres Jacqueline M. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESSeveral longitudinal studies in high‐income countries suggest that depression increases stroke risk. However, few prior studies have evaluated this association in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), where rapidly aging populations may have markedly different vascular risk profiles.DESIGNProspective cohort study.SETTINGThe Mexican Health and Aging Study is a national population‐based study of older adults in Mexico.PARTICIPANTSA total of 10,693 Mexican adults aged 50 and older enrolled in 2001 with no history of prior stroke.MEASUREMENTSDepressive symptoms were assessed with a modified 9‐item Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (elevated depressive symptom cutoff ≥5) in 2001 and 2003. We evaluated associations between baseline and short‐term (2‐year) changes in elevated depressive symptoms (categorized as stable low, recently remitted, recent‐onset, or stable high symptoms) with incident self‐reported or next‐of‐kin reported doctor‐diagnosed stroke through 2015 using Cox proportional hazards models and sensitivity analyses applying inverse probability weights.RESULTSOver an average follow‐up of 11.4 years (standard deviation = 4.2), 10,693 respondents reported 546 incident strokes. Individuals with elevated baseline depressive symptoms experienced a moderately higher hazard of incident stroke (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .95–1.36) compared with those without elevated baseline depressive symptoms. In analyses of short‐term changes in elevated depressive symptoms (n = 8,808; 414 incident stokes), participants with recent‐onset (HR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.06–1.81) or stable high (HR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.10–1.84) elevated depressive symptoms had a greater hazard of incident stroke compared to those with stable low/no depressive symptoms, whereas recently remitted (HR = 1.01; 95% CI = .74–1.37) symptoms was not associated with stroke hazard.CONCLUSIONStrategies to reduce depressive symptoms merit evaluation as approaches to prevent stroke in middle‐income countries. Findings are similar to those in high‐income countries but should be replicated in other LMICs.
Finding Strength in Vulnerability: Ethical Approaches when Conducting Research with Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Mollard Elizabeth , Hatton‐Bowers Holly , Tippens Julie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResearchers who desire to make positive changes for vulnerable populations often conduct problem‐focused studies. Although problem‐focused research is important, when such studies are not carefully designed, their results can contribute to a deficit discourse. A deficit discourse is a narrative that describes the person through a myopic lens of negativity characterized only by illness, death, depression, failure, or the like. Deficit discourse negatively affects how health care providers and society interact with vulnerable people. This article discusses deficit discourse in health care and strengths‐based research: an ethical approach to working with vulnerable individuals in research settings and a strategy to overcome deficit discourse. Strengths‐based research approaches balance risks with countermeasures that include areas that are positive and amenable to growth or intervention. Strengths‐based research can be conducted using qualitative, quantitative, or mixed‐methods methodology. Strengths‐based research should be culturally relevant and population‐specific, often including the individuals of study throughout the process. By modifying the research approach, critical problems can be identified and addressed while also emphasizing positive ways to empower individuals and improve their lives. Additionally, these changes better the way researchers and health care providers view and care for people while also challenging deficit discourses in society at large.
Characterization and heme oxygenase‐1 content of extracellular vesicles in human biofluids
Authors: Cressatti Marisa , Galindez Julia M. , Juwara Lamin , Orlovetskie Natalie , Velly Ana M. , Eintracht Shaun , Liberman Adrienne , Gornitsky Mervyn , Schipper Hyman M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHeme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), a highly inducible stress protein that degrades heme to biliverdin, carbon monoxide, and free ferrous iron, is increased in blood and other biofluids of subjects with various systemic and neurological disorders. HO‐1 does not contain an N‐terminal signal peptide and the mechanism responsible for its secretion remains unknown. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane‐bound inclusions that transport microRNAs, messenger RNAs, lipids, and proteins among diverse cellular and extracellular compartments. The objective of the current study was to determine whether EVs in human biofluids contain HO‐1, and whether the latter may be transported in EVs from brain to periphery. Total, L1 cell adhesion molecule protein (L1CAM)‐enriched (neuron‐derived), and glutamate aspartate transporter 1 (GLAST)‐enriched (astrocyte‐derived) EVs were purified from five different human biofluids (saliva [n = 40], plasma [n = 14], serum [n = 10], urine [n = 10], and cerebrospinal fluid [n = 11]) using polymer precipitation and immuno‐affinity‐based capture methods. L1CAM‐enriched, GLAST‐enriched, and L1CAM/GLAST‐depleted (LGD) EV, along with EV‐depleted (EVD), fractions were validated by nanoparticle tracking analysis, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blot. HO‐1 was assayed in all fractions using ELISA and western blot. The majority of HO‐1 protein was localized to LGD, L1CAM‐enriched, and GLAST‐enriched EVs of all human biofluids surveyed after adjusting for age and sex, with little HO‐1 protein detected in EVD fractions. HO‐1 protein in human biofluids is predominantly localized to EV compartments. A substantial proportion of EV HO‐1 in peripheral human biofluids is derived from the central nervous system and may contribute to the systemic manifestations of various neurological conditions.
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Shimiella gen. nov. and Shimiella gracilenta sp. nov. (Dinophyceae, Kareniaceae), a Kleptoplastidic Dinoflagellate from Korean Waters and its Survival under Starvation
Authors: Ok Jin Hee , Jeong Hae Jin , Lee Sung Yeon , Park Sang Ah , Noh Jae Hoon 
Published: September 2020

A small dinoflagellate, ~13 μm in cell length, was isolated from Jinhae Bay, Korea. Light microscopy showed that it was similar to the kleptoplastidic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium gracilentum nom. inval. rDNA sequences were obtained and its anatomy and morphology described using light and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that it belonged to the family Kareniaceae. However, its large subunit (LSU) rDNA sequences were 5.2–9.5% different from those of the other five genera in the family, and its clade was clearly divergent from that of each genus. Its overall morphology was different from those of the other five genera in the family and from Gymnodinium. Unlike Gymnodinium, this dinoflagellate did not have a horseshoe‐shaped apical groove, nuclear envelope chambers, or a nuclear fibrous connective (NFC). It had an apical line of narrow amphiesmal vesicles and an elongated apical furrow crossing the apex. Cells were covered with polygonal amphiesmal vesicles arranged in 16 rows. Starved cells did not contain their own plastids, eyespots, pyrenoids, peridinin, or fucoxanthin. However, they could survive without added prey for approximately one month using chloroplasts from the cryptophyte prey Teleaulax amphioxeia, indicating kleptoplastidy. Because this taxon is genetically distinct at the generic rank from the other genera in Kareniaceae, it is placed in Shimiella gen. nov., and because G. gracilentum was invalid, the new bionomial S. gracilenta sp. nov. is proposed.