bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L1 retrotransposons exploit RNA m6A modification as an evolutionary driving force
Authors: Hwnag Sung-Yeon , Jung Hyunchul , Mun Seyoung , Lee Sungwon , Baek S. Chan , Moon Hyungseok , Kim Baekgyu , Choi Yongkuk , Go Young-Hyun , Tang Wanxiangfu , Choi Jongsu , Choi Jung Kyoon , Cha Hyuk-Jin , Park Hye Yoon , Liang Ping , Kim V. Narry , Han Kyudong , Ahn Kwangseog 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
L1 retrotransposons can pose a threat to genome integrity. The host has evolved to restrict L1 replication. However, mechanisms underlying L1 propagation out of the host surveillance remains unclear. Here, we propose a novel survival strategy of L1, which exploits RNA m6A modification. We discover that m6A ‘writer’ METTL3 facilitates L1 retrotransposition, whereas m6A ‘eraser’ ALKBH5 suppresses it. The essential m6A cluster that is located on L1 5′ UTR serves as a docking site for eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3), enhances translational efficiency and promotes the formation of L1 ribonucleoprotein. Furthermore, through the comparative analysis of human- and primate-specific L1 lineages, we find that the most functional m6A motif-containing L1s have been positively selected and became a distinctive feature of evolutionarily young L1s. Thus, our findings demonstrate that L1 retrotransposons hijack RNA m6A modification system for its successful replication.
Climate Change and Trend Analysis of Temperature in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Zinabu Assefa , Dioha Michael O. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This paper presents the trend analysis of temperature in Addis Ababa City and the effect of climate change in the study area. The analysis is based on the temperature variation in the capital city of Addis Ababa over two stations - Bole and Entoto. Methods: The Mann-Kendall trend test and Sen’s slope estimate were employed to find the nature of the temperature trend and significance level in Addis Ababa city. Results: It was found that the Mann-Kendall statistic (Z) value for minimum, maximum and average temperatures for Bole station are 5.99, 3.32, and 6.14 respectively. The positive Kendall’s Z value shows an upward trend and implies an increasing trend over time. This indicates that there is a significant increase in the trend at a 5% level of significance since the p-value is less than the significant level (p-values (0.0001) < 0.05). Whereas for Entoto station, the Mann-Kendall statistic (Z) results are 1.64 for minimum, 0.85 for the maximum, and 1.40 for average temperature, and this positive value show an indicator of an increasing trend. However, the increase is not significant at 5% significant level since the p-value is greater than the significant level (p-value (0.219) > 0.05). Conclusions: From both the Mann-Kendall trend test result and Sen’s Slope estimator, it can be concluded that there is the tendency of temperature increments in Bole station. This could be due to the influence of climate change and can lead to weather extremes in the capital city. Therefore, the study recommend that the variability of temperature needs further monitoring technique, and there is a need to consider the increasing temperature trend to minimize its effects on human health.
LncRNA APOC1P1-3 promoting anoikis-resistance of breast cancer cells
Authors: Lu Qi , Wang Li , Zhu Ping , Li Luying , Wang Xue , Jin Youping , Zhi Xiuling , Yu Jerry , Li Xin , Qin Xingjun , Zhou Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Anoikis resistance plays a critical role in the tumor metastasis by allowing survival of cancer cells in the systemic circulation. We previously showed that long non-coding RNAs APOC1P1-3 (lncRNA APOC1P1-3) inhibits breast cancer cell apoptosis. However, its role in the anoikis resistance remains unclear.
Methods

We induced anoikis resistance in two breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) under anchorage-independent culture condition and studied the effects of lncRNA APOC1P1-3 on the apoptosis. The Dual-Luciferase activity assay were used to whether miRNA-188-3P can specifically bind to lncRNA APOC1P1-3. We further explored the role of APOC1P1-3 in the lung metastasis by injecting MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-231-APOC1P1-3-knock-down cells in the female BALB/c nude mice.
Results

We found that it suppressed early apoptosis of these cells by gain or loss of their function, respectively. We further explored its mechanism related to anoikis resistance, and found this molecule promoted the resistance via activating Caspase 3, 8, 9 and PARP. Moreover, it was specifically binding to the target miRNA-188-3p to block its inhibition of Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptosis protein). These findings suggest that lncRNA APOC1P1-3 plays an important role in the development of breast cancer metastasis via anoikis resistance.
Conclusions

This study demonstrates that lncRNA APOC1P1-3 can promote the anoikis resistance of breast cancer cells and specifically bind to miRNA-188-3p acting as a “sponge” to block the inhibition of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.
LAMP: disease classification derived from layered assessment on modules and pathways in the human gene network
Authors: Mi Zhilong , Guo Binghui , Yang Xiaobo , Yin Ziqiao , Zheng Zhiming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Classification of diseases based on genetic information is of great significance as the basis for precision medicine, increasing the understanding of disease etiology and revolutionizing personalized medicine. Much effort has been directed at understanding disease associations by constructing disease networks, and classifying patient samples according to gene expression data. Integrating human gene networks overcomes limited coverage of genes. Incorporating pathway information into disease classification procedure addresses the challenge of cellular heterogeneity across patients. Results: In this work, we propose a disease classification model LAMP, which concentrates on the layered assessment on modules and pathways. Directed human gene interactions are the foundation of constructing the human gene network, where the significant roles of disease and pathway genes are recognized. The fast unfolding algorithm identifies 11 modules in the largest connected component. Then layered networks are introduced to distinguish positions of genes in propagating information from sources to targets. After gene screening, hierarchical clustering and refined process, 1726 diseases from KEGG are classified into 18 categories. Also, it is expounded that diseases with overlapping genes may not belong to the same category in LAMP. Within each category, entropy is applied to measure the compositional complexity, and to evaluate the prospects for combination diagnosis and gene-targeted therapy for diseases.Conclusions: In this work, by collecting data from BioGRID and KEGG, we develop a disease classification model LAMP, to support people to view diseases from the perspective of commonalities in etiology and pathology. Comprehensive research on existing diseases can help meet the challenges of unknown diseases. The results provide suggestions for combination diagnosis and gene-targeted therapy, which motivates clinicians and researchers to reposition the understanding of diseases and explore diagnosis and therapy strategies.
Time Course of Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion and Distance Organ; Lung Dysfunction in Male and Female Rats
Authors: Azarkish Fariba , Parvar Ali Atash Ab , Nematbakhsh Mehdi , dehghani aghdas , Parvar Ali Atash Ab 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) may influence distance organ such as lung. The severity of IRI induced - lung injury can be affected by gender. The aim of this study was to determine the role of gender in IRI induced- lung injury in different of renal reperfusion time.
Methods

80 male and female Wistar rats were assigned into 8 groups; 4 groups in each gender including sham, renal ischemia (ISC) for 45 min by clamping renal vessels followed by 3 hr, 24 hr or 48 hr reperfusion.blood samples were obtained for measuring the serum level of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), nitrite, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The kidneys and lung tissues were removed and used for MDA and nitrite measurements and the histological changes evaluation.the percentage of lung water content was calculated.
Results

In both genders, the rise in Cr and BUN reached the peak at 24 h reperfusion. In 3 h reperfusion female rats, lead to significant increase in serum level of nitrite compared with males. In male rats subjected to 3 h reperfusion, the renal MDA level increased but not seen in females. The enhanced lung tissues damages were depended to reperfusion time in both genders. The water content of lung was reduced in 3 h of reperfusion groups.
Conclusions

IRI caused kidney and lung dysfunction depends on reperfusion time. Considering gender difference, female gender may be more sensitive to alteration of nitrite level compared with males. It seems that the effect of IRI is more rapid in males than females.
Long-term Experience with Triheptanoin in 12 Austrian Patients with Long-chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders
Authors: Zöggeler Thomas , Stock Katharina , Jörg-Streller Monika , Spenger Johannes , Konstantopoulou Vassiliki , Hufgard-Leitner Miriam , Scholl-Bürgi Sabine , Karall Daniela 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLong-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) are a group of rare inborn errors of metabolism with autosomal recessive inheritance that may cause life-threatening events. Treatment with triheptanoin, a synthetic seven-carbon fatty acid triglyceride compound with an anaplerotic effect, seems beneficial, but clinical experience is limited. We report our long-term experience in an Austrian cohort of LC-FAOD patients.MethodsWe assessed clinical outcome by reviewing medical records of 12 Austrian LC-FAOD patients.ResultsFor 12 Austrian LC-FAOD patients at three metabolic centers, triheptanoin was started shortly after birth in 3/12, and between 7.34 and 353.3 (median 44.5; mean 81.1) months of age in 9/12 patients. For 11 pediatric patients, mean duration of triheptanoin intake was 5.28 (median 3.87, range 1.18 to 15.72) years and triheptanoin was well tolerated. Total hospitalization days per year before and after triheptanoin treatment decreased by 82.3% from 27.1 (range 11-65) days per year to 4.8 (range 0-13) days per year, and hospitalization days in the one year pre- compared to the one year post-triheptanoin decreased by 69.8% from 27.1 (range 4-75) days to 8.2 (range 0-25) days. All patients are in good clinical condition, show normal psychomotor development and no impairment in daily life activities.ConclusionIn this retrospective observational study in an Austrian LC-FAOD cohort, triheptanoin data show improvement in disease course. Triheptanoin appears to be a safe and beneficial treatment option in LC-FAOD. For further clarification, additional prospective randomized controlled trials are needed.
Computation offloading through mobile vehicles in IoT-edge-cloud network
Authors: Long Jun , Luo Yueyi , Zhu Xiaoyu , Luo Entao , Huang Mingfeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the developing of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), more and more sensing devices are widely deployed in the smart city. These sensing devices generate various kinds of tasks, which need to be sent to cloud to process. Usually, the sensing devices do not equip with wireless modules, because it is neither economical nor energy saving. Thus, it is a challenging problem to find a way to offload tasks for sensing devices. However, many vehicles are moving around the city, which can communicate with sensing devices in an effective and low-cost way. In this paper, we propose a computation offloading scheme through mobile vehicles in IoT-edge-cloud network. The sensing devices generate tasks and transmit the tasks to vehicles, then the vehicles decide to compute the tasks in the local vehicle, MEC server or cloud center. The computation offloading decision is made based on the utility function of the energy consumption and transmission delay, and the deep reinforcement learning technique is adopted to make decisions. Our proposed method can make full use of the existing infrastructures to implement the task offloading of sensing devices, the experimental results show that our proposed solution can achieve the maximum reward and decrease delay.
Association Between Glucose Variability And Postoperative Delirium In Acute Aortic Dissection Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Lin Yan-Juan , Lin Ling-Yu , Peng Yan-Chun , Zhang Hao-Ruo , Chen Liang-wan , Huang Xi-Zhen , Chen Qiong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Blood glucose variability is associated with poor prognosis after cardiac surgery, but the relationship between glucose variability and postoperative delirium in patients with acute aortic dissection is unclear. The study aims to investigate the association of blood glucose variability with postoperative delirium in acute aortic dissection patients.Methods: We prospectively analyzed 257 patients including 103 patients with delirium. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether delirium was present. The outcome measures were postoperative delirium, the length of the Intensive Care Unit stay, and the duration of hospital stay. Multivariable Cox competing risk survival models was used to assess.Results: A total of 257 subjects were enrolled, including 103 patients with delirium. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, body mass index, first admission blood glucose, white blood cell counts, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, hypoxemia, mechanical ventilation duration, and the length of Intensive Care Unit stay (P<0.05). The median of the mean of blood glucose and the standard deviation of blood glucose were higher in the delirium group than in the non-delirium group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In model 1, the adjusted hazard ratio of the standard deviation of blood glucose was 1.436 (P<0.05). In Model 2, the standard deviation of blood glucose (AHR=1.418, 95% CI=1.195-1.681, P<0.05) remained significant after adjusting for confounders (P<0.05). The area under the curve of the standard deviation of blood glucose was 0.763 (95% CI=0.704-0.821, P<0.01). The sensitivity was 81.6%, and the specificity was 57.8%. Conclusions: Glucose variability is associated with the risk of delirium in patients after aortic dissection surgery, and high glycemic variability increases the risk of postoperative delirium.
Students Perception Towards Challenges and Difficulties to Established E-learning Medical Education in a High Burden Developing Country
Authors: GISMALLA MOHAMED Daffalla Awadalla , Mohamed Mohamed Soud , Mohamed Mohammed NaserEldeen , Elhassan Moawia Mohamed Ali , Ibrahim Omaima 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background After World Health organization declaration of COVID-19 as a worldwide pandemic. Medical education, as well as general education, was stopped and ceased in developing countries which affect the education process, while in developed countries it was changed to E-learning models. This study aimed to highlight challenges and difficulties of E-learning beside the perception of students towards the effect of COVID-19 in medical education.Methods This is a cross-sectional survey study which conducted during 10-25 May 2020 to determine the perception of medical student regard the e-learning, COVID Pandemic related difficulties to reestablish the educational process. An online-based questionnaire was developed, and a pilot study was performed. Yes/No questions, four response questions in a form of strongly agree, agree, disagree, and strongly disagree (modified Likert scale) and open questions were used. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science); version 24. Chi‑square distribution was applied to assess the statistical significance of variables' < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results This study revealed closure of the university is mandatory to prevent the spread of COVID-19, however, continuing education through E-learning tools is a crucial step. Additionally, it demonstrates the challenges and difficulties to establish E-learning such as internet service, facilities, technical support, live sessions, interactions and exam conductions.Conclusion Students are willing to continue their learning and educational process. However, there are challenges and difficulties which need more analysis to overcome it.
Landscape Disturbance Impacts on Attalea Butyracea Palm Distribution in Central Panama: Implications for Chagas Disease Transmission
Authors: Mertzlufft Caitlin , Madden Marguerite , Gottdenker Nicole , Runk Julie Velasquez , Saldaña Azael , Tanner Susan , Calzada Jose , Yao Xiaobai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Chagas disease is a vector-borne zoonotic disease endemic to Latin America. In Panama, Attalea butyracea palm trees are the preferred habitat of the region’s primary Chagas disease vector (Rhodnius pallescens). Close proximity of these palms to human dwellings is linked to increased risk of Chagas disease transmission. However, these palms thrive in disturbed habitats associated with human settlement and agriculture. This study examines the relationship between landscape disturbance and mature A. butyracea spatial distribution, density, and proximity to susceptible populations and vector movement corridors in a heterogeneous tropical region in central Panama. Presence of A. butyracea does not guarantee corresponding presence of R. pallescens, but as the vectors’ preferred habitat, quantifying A. butyracea response to disturbance may provide new insight into Chagas disease transmission risks in changing landscapes. Methods: We remotely identified the locations of over 50,000 mature A. butyracea palms using high-resolution WorldView2 satellite imagery. A local Getis-Ord Gi* spatial analysis identified significant clusters of aggregated palms. Associations between palm and cluster abundance and a landscape disturbance gradient, derived from official Panama landcover data, were tested using Chi-square tests for Homogeneity and Z-test for proportions. Kruskall-Wallace non-parametric analysis of variance tests were run to assess whether palm cluster area varied by disturbance level, or whether disturbance influenced average proximity of palms and palm clusters to susceptible populations or vector movement corridors.Results: Our findings indicate a regional relationship between landscape disturbance and A. butyracea occurrence. We observe a significant increase in both individual and clustered A. butyracea in secondary forest, but a reduction in palms in agricultural settings. Notably, we do not detect evidence of any thinning in abundance of palms in residential settings. All but one household in our study area is within vector flight distance of potential vector habitat in palm crowns.Conclusions: We observe probable anthropogenic thinning of A. butyracea palms in agricultural, but not residential, settings. Even in heavily deforested regions, significant concentrations of mature palms remain in close proximity to human establishments. The potential of A. butyracea palms as a source of infectious Chagas disease vectors in this region warrants further study.
Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Congenital Cystic Lung Disease in Infants
Authors: Huang Jinxi , Zhou Chaoming , Chen Qiang , Wu Dianming , Hong Junjie , Hong Songming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Congenital cystic lung disease is a congenital disease with abnormal development of the trachea, pulmonary parenchyma and pulmonary vessels. Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and pulmonary sequestration are the two main types. With the development of endoscopic technology, congenital pulmonary dysplasia has been alleviated in an increasing number of infants through thoracoscopic surgery. However, the timing of the operation is controversial.Methods: Seventy-two infants with congenital cystic lung disease who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy from March 2017 to April 2020 were selected as subjects. The data were summarized and analysed, including preoperative complications, operative situation, postoperative recovery, postoperative hospital stay time, etc. All children were followed regularly.Results: Seventy-two patients were aged 3 to 7 months, with an average age of 5.40±2.02 months: 44 were male, and 28 were female, with an average weight of 6.95±1.96 kg. Preoperative condition: 48 patients were observed and operated on when they were between 5 and 7 months old. Twenty-four patients were diagnosed with pneumonia, and thoracoscopic surgery was performed after anti-infective therapy. All children were diagnosed with congenital cystic pulmonary disease with a CT scan before the operation. Postoperative pathological diagnosis showed 50 cases of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, 16 cases of intralobar pulmonary sequestration, and 6 cases of both congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and intralobar pulmonary sequestration. Anaesthesia was performed by artificial pneumothorax or bronchial occlusion. The average operative time was 92.17±19.65 min, and the average length of postoperative ventilator assistance was 28.18±11.01 hours. Complications: 3 cases of pneumothorax after the operation and 5 cases of atelectasis, and the incidence of pneumonia was 33%. No bleeding, bronchial pleural fistula or other serious complications were observed. All children were followed for 3 months to 2 years. The growth and development of all the children were not different from those of normal children.Conclusions: In this study, preoperative pneumonia accounted for 23.6% of children. Thoracoscopic lobectomy was effective and feasible for children with congenital cystic lung disease from 3 to 7 months of age.