bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying the COM-B behaviour model to overcome barriers to heart failure self-care: A practical application of a conceptual framework for the development of complex interventions (ACHIEVE study)
Authors: Whittal Amanda , Störk Stefan , Riegel Barbara , Herber Oliver Rudolf 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Effective interventions to enhance adherence to self-care recommendations in patients with heart failure have immense potential to improve health and wellbeing. However, there is substantial inconsistency in the effectiveness of existing self-management interventions, partly because they lack theoretical models underpinning intervention development.

Aim
To outline how the capability, opportunity and motivation behaviour model has been applied to guide the development of a theory-based intervention aiming to improve adherence to heart failure self-care recommendations.

Methods
The application of the capability, opportunity and motivation behaviour model involved three steps: (a) identification of barriers and facilitators to heart failure self-care from two comprehensive meta-studies; (b) identification of appropriate behaviour change techniques to improve heart failure self-care; and (c) involvement of experts to reduce and refine potential behaviour change techniques further.

Results
A total of 119 barriers and facilitators were identified. Fifty-six behaviour change techniques remained after applying three steps of the behaviour model for designing interventions. Expert involvement (n=39, of which 31 were patients (67% men; 45% New York Heart Association II)) further reduced and refined potential behaviour change techniques. Experts disliked some behaviour change techniques such as ‘anticipated regret’ and ‘salience of consequences’. This process resulted in a final comprehensive list consisting of 28 barriers and 49 appropriate behaviour change techniques potentially enhancing self-care that was put forward for further use.

Conclusion
The application of the capability, opportunity and motivation behaviour model facilitated identifying important factors influencing adherence to heart failure self-care recommendations. The model served as a comprehensive guide for the selection and design of interventions for improving heart failure self-care adherence. The capability, opportunity and motivation behaviour model enabled the connection of heart failure self-care barriers to particular behaviour change techniques to be used in practice.
Interferon-β alleviates delayed tPA-induced adverse effects via modulation of MMP3/9 production in ischemic stroke
Authors: Kuo Ping-Chang , Weng Wen-Tsan , Scofield Barbara A. , Furnas Destin , Paraiso Hallel C. , Intriago Alexander J. , Bosi Kristopher D. , Yu I-Chen , Yen Jui-Hung 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved drug for ischemic stroke. However, delayed tPA administration is associated with increased risk of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and hemorrhagic transformation (HT). Interferon-β (IFNβ), an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, is a cytokine with immunomodulatory properties. Previous studies, including ours, demonstrated that IFNβ or type I IFN receptor signaling conferred protection against ischemic stroke in preclinical models, suggesting IFNβ might have translational therapeutic potential for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Currently, whether IFNβ could be coadministered with tPA to alleviate delayed tPA-induced adverse effects remains unknown. To elucidate that, IFNβ was coadministered with delayed tPA to ischemic stroke animals, and the severity and pathology of ischemic brain injury were assessed. We found delayed tPA treatment exacerbated ischemic brain injury, manifested by aggravated BBB disruption and HT. Notably, IFNβ ameliorated delayed tPA–exacerbated brain injury and alleviated adverse effects. Mechanistic studies revealed IFNβ suppressed tPA-enhanced neuroinflammation and MMP3/9 production in the ischemic brain. Furthermore, we identified IFNβ suppressed MMP9 production in microglia and attenuated tight junction protein degradation in brain endothelial cells. Moreover, we observed that peripheral immune cells may participate to a lesser extent in delayed tPA–exacerbated brain injury during the early phase of ischemic stroke. In conclusion, we provide the first evidence that IFNβ can be coadministered with tPA to mitigate delayed tPA–induced adverse effects of BBB disruption and HT that could potentially extend the tPA therapeutic window for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
CRISPR-Based Diagnosis of Infectious and Noninfectious Diseases
Authors: Jolany vangah Somayeh , Katalani Camellia , Boone Hannah A. , Hajizade Abbas , Sijercic Adna , Ahmadian Gholamreza 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInterest in CRISPR technology, an instrumental component of prokaryotic adaptive immunity which enables prokaryotes to detect any foreign DNA and then destroy it, has gained popularity among members of the scientific community. This is due to CRISPR’s remarkable gene editing and cleaving abilities. While the application of CRISPR in human genome editing and diagnosis needs to be researched more fully, and any potential side effects or ambiguities resolved, CRISPR has already shown its capacity in an astonishing variety of applications related to genome editing and genetic engineering. One of its most currently relevant applications is in diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Since its initial discovery, 6 types and 22 subtypes of CRISPR systems have been discovered and explored. Diagnostic CRISPR systems are most often derived from types II, V, and VI. Different types of CRISPR-Cas systems which have been identified in different microorganisms can target DNA (e.g. Cas9 and Cas12 enzymes) or RNA (e.g. Cas13 enzyme). Viral, bacterial, and non-infectious diseases such as cancer can all be diagnosed using the cleavage activity of CRISPR enzymes from the aforementioned types. Diagnostic tests using Cas12 and Cas13 enzymes have already been developed for detection of the emerging SARS-CoV-2 virus. Additionally, CRISPR diagnostic tests can be performed using simple reagents and paper-based lateral flow assays, which can potentially reduce laboratory and patient costs significantly. In this review, the classification of CRISPR-Cas systems as well as the basis of the CRISPR/Cas mechanisms of action will be presented. The application of these systems in medical diagnostics with emphasis on the diagnosis of COVID-19 will be discussed.
Obg-like ATPase 1 inhibited oral carcinoma cell metastasis through TGFβ/SMAD2 axis in vitro
Authors: Liu Jianzhou , Yang Qing , Xiao Kevin Chen , Dobleman Thomas , Hu Shen , Xiao Gary Guishan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The human Obg-like ATPase 1 (OLA1) protein has been reported to play an important role in cancer cell proliferation. The molecular mechanism underlying OLA1 regulated oral metastasis is still unknown. We investigated in this study the regulatory role of OLA1 playing in oral squamous cell metastasis.

Results
A series of in vitro assays were performed in the cells with RNAi-mediated knockdown or overexpression to expound the regulatory function of OLA1 in oral cancer. We found that the endogenous level of OLA1 in a highly metastatic oral squamous cell line was significantly lower than that in low metastatic oral cells as well as in normal oral cells. Escalated expression of OLA1 resulted in a reduced ability of metastasis in highly metastatic cells, and enhanced its sensitivity to the paclitaxel treatment. Further analysis of the EMT markers showed that Snail, Slug, N-cadherin were up-expressed significantly. Meanwhile, E-cadherin was significantly down-regulated in the oral cancer cells with OLA1-knocked down, suggesting that OLA1 inactivated EMT process. Furthermore, we found that OLA1 suppressed oral squamous cell metastasis by suppressing the activity of a TGFβ/SMAD2/EMT pathway.

Conclusion
Our data suggests that OLA1 may be developed as a potential target for the treatment of oral cancer metastasis.
Differences in midgut transcriptomes between resistant and susceptible strains of Chilo suppressalis to Cry1C toxin
Authors: Chen Geng , Wang Yanhui , Liu Yanmin , Chen Fajun , Han Lanzhi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundChilo suppressalisis a widespread rice pest that poses a major threat to food security in China. This pest can develop resistance to Cry toxins fromBacillus thuringiensis(Bt), threatening the sustainable use of insect-resistant transgenicBtrice. However, the molecular basis for the resistance mechanisms ofC. suppressalisto Cry1C toxin remains unknown. This study aimed to identify genes associated with the mechanism of Cry1C resistance inC. suppressalisby comparing the midgut transcriptomic responses of resistant and susceptibleC. suppressalisstrains to Cry1C toxin and to provide information for insect resistance management.ResultsAC. suppressalismidgut transcriptome of 139,206 unigenes was de novo assembled from 373 million Illumina HiSeq and Roche 454 clean reads. Comparative analysis identified 5328 significantly differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) betweenC. suppressalisCry1C-resistant and -susceptible strains. DEGs encoding Bt Cry toxin receptors, aminopeptidase-P like protein, the ABC subfamily and alkaline phosphatase were downregulated, suggesting an association withC. suppressalisCry1C resistance. Additionally, Cry1C resistance inC. suppressalismay be related to changes in the transcription levels of enzymes involved in hydrolysis, digestive, catalytic and detoxification processes.ConclusionOur study identified genes potentially involved in Cry1C resistance inC. suppressalisby comparative transcriptome analysis. The assembled and annotated transcriptome data provide valuable genomic resources for further study of the molecular mechanisms ofC. suppressalisresistance to Cry toxins.
The preablation monocyte/ high density lipoprotein ratio predicts the late recurrence of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Chen She-an , Zhang Man-man , Zheng Meifang , Liu Fei , Sun Lei , Bao Zheng-yu , Chen Fu-kun , Li Hong-xiao , Gu Xiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR) has emerged as a promising alternative biomarker in the fields of cardiovascular disease and atrial fibrillation (AF). This retrospective study was aimed to explore the predictive value of the MHR for the late recurrence of AF after radiofrequency ablation.

Methods
From April 2015 to October 2018, patients with paroxysmal AF who had undergone radiofrequency catheter ablation at Subei People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province were enrolled in our study. All the participants were observed until November 2019 after the procedure. During the postoperative follow up, the patients were categorized into the recurrence group and maintenance of sinus rhythm group based on who had experienced AF recurrence.

Results
One hundred twenty-five patients were diagnosed with paroxysmal AF, with an average age of 61.2 ± 9.3 years. Forty-seven patients had developed late recurrence during a mean follow up of 25.1 ± 12.0 months. The AF recurrence event rates were significantly increased in the highest MHR tertile compared with those in the lowest MHR tertile (22.0% vs. 57.1%; P < 0.05). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, the preablation MHR (OR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.12 ~ 1.60; P = 0.001) and left atrial diameter (LAD) (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.08 ~ 1.35; P = 0.001) were independent risk factors predicting the recurrence of AF after radiofrequency ablation. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the MHR was 0.712 (95% CI = 0.618 ~ 0.806; P = 0.000) and that of LAD was 0.739 (95% CI = 0.653 ~ 0.814; P = 0.000). Z-test found no significant difference between the MHR and LAD regarding the AUC (Z = 0.451; P = 0.652).

Conclusion
An elevated preablation MHR was associated with an increased risk of the postoperative recurrence of AF. Additionally, the MHR independently predicted the late recurrence of paroxysmal AF after radiofrequency ablation, with the same predictive value as LAD.
Gastric submucosal abscess caused by Edwardsiella tarda infection: a case report
Authors: Ota Koshi , Yamanoue Hiroki , Aizawa Nobuyuki , Suzuki Naoyuki , Ota Kanna , Takasu Akira 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Edwardsiella tarda is a motile, facultatively anaerobic gram-negative bacillus that is isolated from a wide spectrum of animals in aquatic environments but rarely causes infection in humans. Here, we describe the case of a gastric submucosal abscess caused by E. tarda infection.

Case presentation
The patient was a 74-year-old man with a history of hypertension and chronic alcohol consumption who was admitted to our hospital for abdominal pain, appetite loss and vomiting. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed choledocholithiasis in the common bile duct, a gastric wall abscess and an intra-abdominal abscess. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage with antibiotics successfully cured the patient.

Conclusion
The combination of CT, endoscopy and EUS-guided drainage with antibiotic therapy might be effective for diagnosis and treatment of a gastric submucosal abscess caused by E. tarda infection.
Real-world patient-reported outcomes of women receiving initial endocrine-based therapy for HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer in five European countries
Authors: Davie Alison , Carter Gebra Cuyun , Rider Alex , Pike James , Lewis Katie , Bailey Abigail , Price Gregory L. , Ringeisen Francois , Pivot Xavier 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Endocrine therapy (ET)-based regimens are the mainstay of treatment for patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HR+/HER2−) advanced breast cancer. With the introduction of new treatment classes, it is important to examine patient symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) at the start of this changing therapeutic landscape. This real-world study describes the patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of women with HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer receiving ET-based regimens who were naïve to systemic treatment in the advanced setting across five European countries (EU5).

Methods
Data were collected between March and July 2017 from surveyed oncologists and their patients at a single time point using the multinational Adelphi Advanced Breast Cancer Disease Specific Programme™. Patients completed PRO questionnaires on HRQoL (EORTC QLQ-C30), pain severity and interference, and work and activity impairment. A multiple linear regression model explored factors associated with HRQoL.

Results
Across EU5, 226 physicians provided data on 781 women with HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer taking their first ET-based regimen for advanced disease, of whom 252 provided PRO data. This subset had a mean age of 67.1 years, 94% were postmenopausal, 89% were diagnosed with advanced breast cancer at initial presentation, 79% had stage IV disease (66% of these patients had bone metastases and 38% had visceral metastases, including 18% with liver metastases) and 77% were on endocrine-only therapy as their initial treatment for advanced disease. The mean EORTC QLQ-C30 global health score (50.9) was worse than the reference value for patients with advanced breast cancer (60.2). Fatigue, pain, and insomnia were the most severe symptoms, and mean functioning scores were also worse than reference values. “Worst pain” and “pain interference” were moderate/severe for 42 and 80% of patients. Mean activity impairment was 44%, and greater activity impairment was associated with poorer HRQoL.

Conclusions
Despite receiving first-line ET-based regimens for advanced disease, these women had a poor HRQoL and high levels of symptoms, pain, pain interference and activity impairment. New treatments that maintain a stable disease state and reduce activity impairment may have a positive effect on the HRQoL of those living with advanced breast cancer.
From tobacco smoking to cancer mutational signature: a mediation analysis strategy to explore the role of epigenetic changes
Authors: Chen Zhishan , Wen Wanqing , Cai Qiuyin , Long Jirong , Wang Ying , Lin Weiqiang , Shu Xiao-ou , Zheng Wei , Guo Xingyi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundTobacco smoking is associated with a unique mutational signature in the human cancer genome. It is unclear whether tobacco smoking-altered DNA methylations and gene expressions affect smoking-related mutational signature.MethodsWe systematically analyzed the smoking-related DNA methylation sites reported from five previous casecontrol studies in peripheral blood cells to identify possible target genes. Using the mediation analysis approach, we evaluated whether the association of tobacco smoking with mutational signature is mediated through altered DNA methylation and expression of these target genes in lung adenocarcinoma tumor tissues.ResultsBased on data obtained from 21,108 blood samples, we identified 374 smoking-related DNA methylation sites, annotated to 248 target genes. Using data from DNA methylations, gene expressions and smoking-related mutational signature generated from ~ 7700 tumor tissue samples across 26 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we found 11 of the 248 target genes whose expressions were associated with smoking-related mutational signature at a Bonferroni-correctionP < 0.001. This included four for head and neck cancer, and seven for lung adenocarcinoma. In lung adenocarcinoma, our results showed that smoking increased the expression of three genes,AHRR,GPR15, andHDGF, and decreased the expression of two genes,CAPN8, andRPS6KA1, which were consequently associated with increased smoking-related mutational signature. Additional evidence showed that the elevated expression ofAHRRandGPR15were associated with smoking-altered hypomethylations at cg14817490 and cg19859270, respectively, in lung adenocarcinoma tumor tissues. Lastly, we showed that decreased expression ofRPS6KA1, were associated with poor survival of lung cancer patients.ConclusionsOur findings provide novel insight into the contributions of tobacco smoking to carcinogenesis through the underlying mechanisms of the elevated mutational signature by altered DNA methylations and gene expressions.
Pars plana vitrectomy combined with penetrating keratoplasty and transscleral-sutured intraocular lens implantation in complex eyes: a case series
Authors: Hayashi Takahiko , Yasutsugu Ida , Shimizu Toshiki , Kuroki Tsubasa , Kobashigawa Yuji , Iijima Yasuhito , Yuda Kentaro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) and transscleral-sutured intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (IOL-suture) in complex eyes.

Methods
In this prospective, consecutive interventional case series, patients who underwent PKP combined with PPV and IOL implantation from July 2014 to March 2018 at Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital were enrolled. The postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (converted to logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution [logMAR] units), intraocular pressure (IOP, mmHg), endothelial cell density (ECD, cells/mm2), graft survival, complications, astigmatism, and spherical equivalent (dioptres [D]) were evaluated.

Results
This study included 11 eyes of 11 patients (three females and eight males; mean age, 61.8 ± 13.9 years) with an injury (n = 6) or bullous keratopathy (n = 5). The BCVA significantly improved from 1.50 ± 0.66 logMAR preoperatively to 0.78 ± 0.59 logMAR (p < 0.001) postoperatively. The baseline ECD significantly decreased from 2396 ± 238 cells/mm2 preoperatively to 1132 ± 323 cells/mm2 (p < 0.001) postoperatively. Despite two rejection episodes, graft survival rates were 100%. The mean follow-up period was 38.0 ± 20.5 months. Two patients required combined glaucoma surgery, and three patients underwent subsequent glaucoma surgery. Postoperative astigmatism and spherical equivalent were 3.9 ± 3.2 D and 0.29 ± 2.18 D, respectively.

Conclusion
The combination of PKP, PPV, and IOL-suture implantation could be a safe and effective approach for eyes requiring anterior segment surgery; however, these eyes are associated with a higher incidence of glaucoma surgery.
Exploring the efficacy of using hypertonic saline for nebulizing treatment in children with bronchiolitis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hsieh Chia-Wen , Chen Chiehfeng , Su Hui-Chuan , Chen Kee-Hsin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Inhaled hypertonic saline (HS) has shown benefit in decreasing airway edema in acute bronchiolitis which is the most common lower respiratory infection resulting in dyspnea among infants under 2 years old. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HS in the implementation of treatment with nebulized HS among children with bronchiolitis.

Methods
A systematic literature search was conducted using Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and Airiti Library (Chinese Database) for randomized controlled trials from inception to July 2019. We calculated pooled risk ratios (RR), mean difference (MD) and 95% CI using RevMan 5.3 for meta-analysis.

Results
There were 4186 children from 32 publications included. Compared to the control group, the HS group exhibited significant reduction of severity of respiratory distress, included studies used the Clinical Severity Score (n = 8; MD, − 0.71; 95% CI, − 1.15 to − 0.27; I2 = 73%) and full stop after Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument (n = 5; MD, − 0.60; 95% CI, − 0.95 to − 0.26; I2 = 0%) for evaluation respectively. Further, the HS group decreased the length of hospital stay 0.54 days (n = 20; MD, − 0.54; 95% CI, − 0.86 to − 0.23; I2 = 81%).

Conclusions
We conclude that nebulization with 3% saline solution is effective in decreasing the length of hospital stay and the severity of symptoms as compared with 0.9% saline solution among children with acute bronchiolitis. Further rigorous randomized controlled trials with large sample size are needed.