bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinguishing quantum features in classical propagation
Authors: Titimbo K , Lando G M , de Almeida A M Ozorio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The strictly classical propagation of an initial Wigner function, referred to as TWA or LSC-IVR, is considered to provide approximate averages, despite not being a true Wigner function: it does not represent a positive operator. We here show that its symplectic Fourier transform, the truncated chord approximation (TCA), coincides with the full semiclassical approximation to the evolved quantum characteristic function (or chord function) in a narrow neighbourhood of the origin of the dual chord phase space. Surprisingly, this small region accounts for purely quantum features, such as blind spots and local wave function correlations, as well as the expectation of observables with a close classical correspondence. Direct numerical comparison of the TCA with exact quantum results verifies the semiclassical predictions for an initial coherent state evolving under the Kerr Hamiltonian. The resulting clear criterion for any further features, which may be estimated by classical propagation, is that, within the chord representation, they are concentrated near the origin.
Particle microscopy by surface plasmon polariton waves at the interface of dielectric and silver silica nano-composites
Authors: Ullah Sami , Wahid Umer , Bacha Bakht Amin , Ullah Arif , Ullah Zakir 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The dielectric tensor of four level atomic medium coupled with dielectric function of silver silica nano-composites material to modify dispersion relation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The rapid damping of SPPs is used to localized atomic particles in two dimension inverse position space. Directions, phases and intensity of the control field play important roles in the localization of atoms in a unit wavelength domain. Ten, six, four and two localization peaks are investigated by SPPs damping in different quadrants. A single broad localized peak symmetric about origin are also investigated. The theoretical work of this article may be useful for quantum information in Plasmonster technology.
TEM study of chronic alcoholism effects on early carcinogenesis by probing the nanoscale structural alterations of cell nuclei
Authors: Adhikari Prakash , Shukla Pradeep K , Ghimire Hemendra M , Hasan Mehedi , Sahay Peeyush , Almabadi Huda , Tripathi Vibha , Skalli Omar , Rao Radhakrishna , Pradhan Prabhakar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Nanoscale structural alteration in the nuclei of cells with the progression of carcinogenesis is due to the rearrangements of the basic building blocks in the cell such as DNA, RNA, lipids, etc. Although epigenetic modifications underlie the development of cancer, exposure to carcinogenic chemicals such as alcohol also enhances the development of cancer. We report the effects of chronic alcoholism on early-carcinogenesis based on changes in the degree of nanoscale structural alterations (L
d) in nuclei. For this, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging of the nuclei of colonic cells is performed for the following four mouse models: control mice; chronic alcoholic mice treated with ethanol (i.e., EtOH mice); mice treated with colonic carcinogen azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) that induced colitis (i.e., AOM + DSS mice); and chronic alcoholic or EtOH treated mice, together with AOM and DSS treatment (i.e., AOM + DSS + EtOH mice). The disordered optical lattices are constructed from their respective TEM images of thin colonic cell nuclei and the L
d values are calculated using the inverse participation ratio (IPR) technique from the spatially localized eigenfunctions of these lattices. Results show no significant difference in the average L
d value of the colon cell nuclei of alcohol treated mice relative to its control [i.e., L
d(C) ∼ L
d(EtOH)]; however, an increase in the L
d value of alcohol treated precancerous cells [i.e., L
d(AOM + DSS + EtOH) > L
d(AOM + DSS)], indicating that alcohol accelerates the early carcinogenic process.
Wideband near-zero-index metamaterials created by using a supercell microstructure in the terahertz range
Authors: Luo Tianzi , Jing Xufeng , Gan Haiyong , Li Chenxia , Hong Zhi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Zero-index metamaterials are widely used in electromagnetic devices due to their favorable optical properties such as infinite large-phase velocity and quasi-infinite wavelength. However, insufficient bandwidth and high loss seriously limit the wide application of zero refractive index metamaterials (ZIMs), especially in the terahertz band. Here, we propose a kind of supercell microstructure metamaterial to realize a broadband near-zero refractive index. This new superlattice structure contains four subunit structures of different sizes in a single unit. Dual broadband characteristics of the near-zero refractive index can be demonstrated in our design. The bandwidth of the near-zero index can reach about 30 GHz with low loss. The resonance principle of the supercell microstructure and the generation mechanism of the near-zero refractive index are discussed in detail. The influence of the thickness of the medium, of the thickness of the metal sheet, and of the period of the central area and the metal line width on the near-zero refractive index is analyzed. Dual broadband zero-refractive metamaterials bring wider applications to various optoelectronic devices for arbitrary wavefront conversion, directional radiation, and obstacle-free light guiding.
Highly-accurate second-virial-coefficient values for helium from 3.7 K to 273 K determined by dielectric-constant gas thermometry
Authors: Gaiser Christof , Fellmuth Bernd 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Since the redefinition of the base unit kelvin via fixing the Boltzmann constant in 2019, it has been possible to realise the unit applying different gas-thermometry methods in accordance with the ‘Mise en pratique for the definition of the kelvin in the SI’. For this application, the use of data for the gas properties resulting from ab initio calculations is of special interest because it makes primary thermometry much easier. But since a rigorous estimation of the uncertainty of theoretical calculations is at least very complex, if not impossible, a check of the results by a comparison with highly-accurate experimental values is mandatory. Such a check is performed for the second virial coefficient of helium, which is a widely used measuring gas, in the temperature range from 3.7 K to 273 K. For obtaining highly-accurate second-virial-coefficient values (relative uncertainty at a few tenth of a percent level or even better), isotherms were measured with the PTB dielectric-constant gas thermometer. The highly-accurate isotherm data were evaluated by fitting, applying an extended working equation for the dependence of the gas pressure on the dielectric constant. The comparison with the results of the latest ab initio calculations shows coincidence within the combined uncertainty estimates.
Hepatoprotactive Effect of Lallemantia royleana Seeds Extract Against the Toxicity of Rifadin Through Reduction BAX Expression in Liver Tissue of Albino Mice
Authors: Abdulhussein Mohammad Fahdil , Showait Al-Asady Zainab Thamer 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the role of crud alcoholic extract of Lallemantia royleana seeds thruogh reduction the hepatotoxicity of rifadin drug in liver tissue. The animal (40 mice) were divided into four groups the first group treated with normal saline (0.9%) for 28 days as acontrol, the second group treated with rifadin (1.5 mg/kg/day) for 28 days, third group treated with acoholic extract of Lallemantia royleana seeds (1% w/v) for 28 days, while the forth group treated with alcoholic extract of seeds alone for 5 days and with alcoholic extract and rifadin for 28 days, so the total period of this group is 33 days. The liver specimens were collected and processed with immunohistochemical staining kit to detect Bax protein in hepatocytes. The microscopic examination results of liver slides coloured with imununohistochemical staining technique in animal experimental groups showed increased in the number of cells with positive immunoreaction for Bax in animal group treated with rifadin drug comparing with other experimental groups (seeds extract and drug group, seeds extract group, control group)which showed significant decreasing in the number of cells with positive immunoreaction for Bax.
Effect of Adsorption on Electrical Conductivity Values, Ionization Constant and Degree to Di Hydroxy Benzoic acid By Using Natural Surfaces
Authors: Ridha Nuha Abdul-Saheb , Kamal Noor Mustafa , Ridha Maha Abdul-Saheb 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The effect of the adsorption process on electrical conductivity, equivalent conductivity, ionization constant and dissociation degree was studied to Di hydroxy benzoic acid with different concentrations by using natural surfaces (Hazelnut peel and walnut peel ). The results refers to decrease electrical conductivity after acid adsorption on both surfaces. The effect of acid concentration on the degree of disintegration and the ionization constant was also studied.
Extraction, characterization and bioactivity of chitosan from farms shrimps of Basra province by chemical method
Authors: Al-Hasan Hamdan Israa Abd , Alhnon Farah Jameel , Al-Hasan Hamdan Alaa Abd 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper include the extraction of chitin and transformation it to chitosan from the shrimps shells (waste) that grow up at sea farm in Al-Basra Province, the extraction done according to the literatures by two methods the difference between them was in the first step, but other steps were same methods, the results show sample A was higher than sample B in good yield and other physicochemical properties ( moisture, intrinsic viscosity, daacetylation degree, solubility, and fat binding capacity) which were measured to both samples, chitosan samples were characterization with FT-IR spectrum, in addition the biological activity for chitosan was tested against E.coli, P. asparagi, S. aureus, and B. cerus, the results show that sample A has inhibited these bacteria more than sample B.
Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Evaluation of Some New Heteroatom Compounds
Authors: Mohamed Rusol Jassem , Aowda Saadon Abdulla 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This work deals with the preparation of high yield compounds by simple methods through two parts: the first part involves the preparation of compounds RU1 and RU3 by the reaction of melamine with chloroacetic acid in existence of sodium acetate. The second part includes the preparation of compounds RU2 and RU4 by the reaction of benzidine with chloroacetic acid. The reactions were followed by TLC and the prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques. The prepared compounds show a good biological activity against MCF-7.
Spectral estimation and biological activity study of Amoxicillin by using modified nanoparticles and application to some of their pharmaceutical preparations
Authors: Barrak Mohammed Hasan , Al-Rufaie Mohauman Mohammad , Rasool Jawad Aymen Abdul 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study included a simple, fast and sensitive method for estimating Amoxicillin (AMOX) in its pure state and in some of its pharmaceutical preparations, this method depends on the modified nanoparticles through oxidation and reduction reactions, With polyvinylpyrrolidone as a stabilizer in a base medium of sodium hydroxide, the (AMOX) drug act as effective reducing agents to dilute the ore mineral salt from silver nitrate (Ag +) to silver nanoparticles, the highest absorption of the oxidation-reduction reaction product of amoxicillin appears at 420 nm. the calibration curve was measured and the following information was calculated and showed compliance with the Beer-Lambert Law within the focus range 0.75-57.5 parts per million. Molar absorptivity was 9.3526 x 10−3L / mol.cm, and Sandal’s sensitivity was 0.0448 μg/cm2, the standard deviation rate was 0.016%, and the correlation coefficient is 0.9994. The biological effect on some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was studied and the results were positive in the efficacy of the samples prepared on these bacteria.
The effect of cobalt element addition on the characteristics of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy
Authors: Mohammed Safa H. , Aljubouri Ali A. , Mohammed Mudhafer A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The influence of cobalt addition on the transformation temperatures, microstructure, and micro-hardness of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy was studied. The alloys composition was (50 % at. Ni, 50% at. Ti) and (43.45 % at. Ni, 54.728 % at. Ti and Co 1.815 % at.). Vacuum induction melting method is used to produce the shape memory alloys. The investigation of the characteristics of the samples was carried out using, scanning electron microscope conducted with energy dispersive X- ray spectrometer, differential scanning calorimeter, x-ray diffraction measurement and vickers micro-hardness testing. The results show the microstructure of two alloys contain Ti2Ni precipitate phase, the martensite phase layers increase with cobalt addition. The micro-hardness increased, the austenite starts temperature and austenite finish temperature decreases, and thermal hysteresis becomes narrower, after adding a small amount of cobalt.
The effect of adding conductive polymers to the efficiency of silicon solar cells
Authors: Abood Morooj A. , Jabor Ashwaq A. , Abbas Khansaa khuder , Sapte Eman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPoly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophenei) poly(styrenesulfonate) (BEDOT:PSS) and Poly Aniline (PANI) thin films was grown onto silicon solar cells by Dip-coating deposition method at thickness (100 nm). The optical properties were studied by using UV-V is absorption spectra. The surface morphology of the films was characterized by a scanning electron microscope SEM and the current–voltage characteristics of solar were measured, Values from 8.64, 7.21 by type of conductive polymers.
Determination of radiological hazards resulting from natural radiological activity in soil samples in Al Azizia district in Wasit Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Oleiwi Mohanad H. , Mustafa Rami K. , Oraibi Afrah H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This work aims to measure the concentrations of radionuclides of natural radioactivity of the three elements (40K, 238U, and 232Th), were determined in 24 soil samples, collected from Al- Azezia district of Wasit Governorate. They were studied and then evaluated. The standard sources are used for calibration of radiation activity by gamma spectrometer NaI (TI). The radioactivity of natural isotopes 40K, 238U and 232Th has been estimated. The results showed the radio activities of element in this study were within the acceptable standard levels. In addition, the radium equivalent activity, average air volume, annual effective dose rate and external risk index were assessed and found to be among the internationally tolerable values. The radioactivity of nuclides of 40K, 238U and 232Th in Al- Azezia district were calculated. The radioactivity of, 238U ranged from (0. 60±1. 71) to (17. 69 ±4. 70) Bq / kg with an average of (9. 145±3. 20) Bq / kg, while it was for 232Th ranged from (14. 55±1. 64) to (42. 386+1. 95) Bq / Kg with an average of (30. 42±2. 31) Bq / Kg and40K ranged from (119. 252+2. 06)to(170. 562+2. 74)Bq / kg with an average (146. 438+2. 40) Bq / Kg also, it is found that the average of radiological effects like the radium equivalent (Raeq), the absorbed dose Rate (Dr), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin), representative gamma hazard index (Iγ), the effective dose equivalent (AEDE) lifetime the excess cancer risk (ELCR) due to natural radioactivity in soil samples for depth(0-15)cm were (66. 63±5. 37) Bq/Kg and (27. 18±1. 91) nGy/h, (0. 36±0. 01), (0. 69±0. 02), (0. 48±0. 02). (0. 66 ±0. 02) and (0. 30±0. 01) x10−3respectively, there for no significant radiological hazard in Al- Azezia district.
Electrical and Structural properties of (ZnTiO3)/Epoxy System Nanocomposite Thin films
Authors: Shakir Warqaa A. , Hilal Israa H. , Jabbar Rashid H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Spin coating technique using to prepare two layers of epoxy reinforced by weight (0Wt%,1Wt%,2Wt%,3Wt%,4Wt%) nano ZnTiO3additives uniform thin films with a fixed thickness of (0.7 ☐m) on glass floors at room temperature, dispersion and magnetic stirring techniques are used to prepare the nanocomposites thin films. The purpose of this study was to produce a new modified polymer (ZnTiO3/Epoxy) nanocomposite thin films then evaluate electrical and structural properties of these thin films. The electrical properties of thin films have a degree effect temperature on the resistance (R) of thin films within the range (303- 433) k or (30-160) C0. Electrical conductivity and activation energy of the thin film was calculated where the results indicate that there is a two activation energy and this means there is two mechanisms connection. It is also shown by measurements of the effect of the whole (ZnTiO3/Epoxy) nanocomposite thin films have a connection from the negative type (n-type). Stractural properties include XR-D and SEM. XRD, show crystal structure of zinc titanite (ZnTiO3) nano powder. Scanning electron microscopy SEM, show clearly analysis for different weight ratio affected thin films surfaces.
Estimation of Organs Doses for People (Male and Female) Exposed to Indoor Radon in Al-Najaf
Authors: Abdulwahid Talib A. , Abojassim Ali Abid , Ali Bakir Hussien Abid , Hassan Adhraa Baqir 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the radon concentrations in the houses of (10) locations were measured using real-time continuous radon monitor RAD-7 detector together with estimating the corresponding female and male organ doses using Monte Carlo (MC) simulation software at Al- Najaf city-Iraq. It is found that the radon concentrations varied from (8.75±1.1 Bq/m3) to (32.32±4.0 Bq/m3 with an average (20.57±2.90 Bq/m3). The resulted data for male reveal that the bladder received the highest dose at 9.78E-05 μGy/h in Missan, while the salivary gland was noticed to have the highest dose in each of Jmhorria, Adalh, Saad and Milad regions with dose rates of 4.65E-05, 3.59E-05, 5.72E-05 and 3.45E-05 μGy/h respectively. In Asskry Najaf regions the highest dose was seen to be with the Lung with 9.30E-05 μGy/h. In Asskiry Kufa and Mutnaby the highest organ doses were attributed to the bone surface at 9.73E-05 and 9.62E-05 μGy/h respectively. In Tmoz and Sirai regions, the highest organ doses were with Extrathor airways and thyroid at 6.64E-05 and 9.65E-05 μGy/h respectively. By contrast, the female findings reveal the doses for all organs and across all considered neighborhoods ranged from 1. E-04 μGy/h to 9E-05 μGy/h. Finally, it can be concluded that all results of radon concentrations in ten locations samples were within the range allowed according to ICRP. The organ doses seem to be very low which in turn reduce the concern realted to the effect of radiation.
Measurement of Natural Radioactivity in different cigarettes samples by using (HPGe) detector
Authors: Abbas Shaemaa A. , Hassan Saja F. , Karim Mahmood S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Twelve samples of cigarettes have been collected from local markets of different types and origins by using (HPGe) detector, and measurement of the specific activity for series U238 and series Th232 in addition to K40 in order to estimate the health risk of cigarettes their by smokers, the results shown that highest specific activity value were be (12. 8±6. 3 Bq/kg, 8. 41±5. 8 Bq/kg, 125. 16±58. 3 Bq/kg), respectively, in the sample (MAC) MacBeth type cigarettes in Brazilian origin, this paper reports data such as (specific activity of K40, series U238, series Th232 and some parameters hazard indices) on the radioactivity of tobacco leaves so as to know contaminate those cigarettes in natural radioactivity and Suitability of its use by smokers.
The Use of Aerosol Optical Properties in Identification of Dust Sources in Iraq
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Sama K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn recent years, dust events in Iraq become very frequent due to its emission from active local dust sources or transportation from abroad. This study aims to identify dust sources in Iraq for the period (1st January, 2005 to 31 December, 2016) using mean of monthly mean of the aerosol optical properties including Deep Blue Aerosol Optical Depth(DB-AOD), Deep Blue Angstrom Exponent(DB-AE) and UV Positive Absorption Aerosol Index(AAI) acquired from space borne instruments including MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) for both Aqua and Terra, Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) and Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), considering the dust aerosols having values of AOD>0.5, AE<0.5 and AI>0.7 based on the predefined thresholds. The results show that Al-Jazira and the southern region of Iraq considered as significant dust sources most of the year, with the absence of active dust sources in December, January, October and November. While spring and summer months show many active dust sources in the Alluvial plain, western plateau, southern and southeastern parts of Iraq with high AOD, low AE and high AAI especially in April, May, June and July. MISR/AOD shows lower values of MODIS-DB in Iraq along months of the years, which could be due to the insufficient coverage over dust regional sources compared to MODIS.
Detection and Classification of Brain LesionDepending on Statistical Features Textural Analysis
Authors: Mazher Alaa N. , Naeemah Maysaa. R. , Ali Alyaa H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The early detection of brain lesion which includes the stroke (Hemorrhage and Ischemic) and cancer helps the doctors to overcome the health problem in the future. The correct diagnose may save many people from death. the medical image processing including the supervised classification “support vector machine”, “the gray level neighbors matrix”, “Fisher’s Discrimination Ratio(FDR)” and the Accuracy matrix to detect and classify the brain lesion, twenty twocomputed tomography (CT) brain images have been taken with size 512×512. This methods provides very good diagnosis of the brain lesion, the accuracy for cancer detection is 98%, for the Hemorrhage is 96%, for the ischemic 99% and normal 90%.
The effect of different multiwall carbon nanotubes concentration on morphology, optical, and electrical properties used as flexible anode
Authors: Khalid Abeer H. , Abdulsattar Mudar Ahmed , Hussain Zainab T. , Jabor Ashwaq A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Spin coating technique has been used to deposit various concentration of Multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) thin films on flexible substrate of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as electrode, the study shows the effect of (1, 2, 3 mg/ml) concentration of (MWCNTs) thin films, by AFM, optical and electrical measurements which is indicate that the best concentration is2 mg/ml according to (2, 3D) images, which shown widespread and regular spread of CNTs, low absorption of wavelengths (400, 550, 700 nm) at low concentrations, and compatible increase of responsivity with increased current for PET-MWCNTs/MEH-PPV:MWCNTs/AL as photodetector device.