bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infected Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital of Central Nepal
Authors: Mahaseth Surya Narayan , Sanjana Raj Kumari , Jha Brajesh Kumar , Pokharel Khilasa 
Published: December 2019

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the major health problems in Nepal. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) are two important bacteria associated with UTI. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in urinary isolates at College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
Methods: We aseptically received 5564 mid-stream urine samples of suspected UTI patients from September 2016 to August 2018. The randomly collected 5564 urine samples were processed by standard Microbiological guidelines as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). All isolates including E. coli and K. pneumoniae were identified using the specific biochemical and sugar fermentation tests. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed for all the isolates against all commonly used antibiotics by modified Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and interpreted following CLSI guidelines. First performed initial screening method then confirmed for ESBL production by phenotypic confirmatory disc diffusion test (PCDDT).
Results: Out of 5,564 urine specimens investigated, E. coli was isolated in 1219 (63.99%) and K. pneumoniae in 223 (11.70%) cases. Initial screening revealed 615 (50.45%) isolates of E. coli and 127 (56.95%) K. pneumoniae to be resistant. Further testing by PCDDT method confirmed 102 (16.58%) E. coli and 25 (19.68%) K. pneumoniae isolates to be ESBL producers. These ESBL producers’ uropathogens revealed high degree of resistance to cephalosporins (100%) and quinolones (52%-92%) group of antibiotics.
Conclusions: In our study the prevalence of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae was found to be 19.68%, those of E. coli was to be 16.58% by PCDDT. In this study, all ESBL producing K. pneumoniae isolates were sensitive (100%) to meropenem and E. coli showed 98.04% sensitive to meropenem. Hence, for the treatment of these ESBL infections, currently, carbapenems are the recommended drug of choice.
Pattern of Major Salivary Gland Malignancy in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital
Authors: Sahi Rajina , Karmacharya Dilip , Gautam Dej Kumar , Karki Anil Bikram , Shrestha Amar 
Published: December 2019

Background: Salivary gland tumors represent a different variety of histological types. The definite diagnosis of type of salivary gland tumor is required for proper treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of salivary gland malignancy in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in patients of malignant salivary gland tumor registered in B.P. Koirala Memorial Cancer hospital retrospectively from September 2009 to August 2012.
Results: Parotid gland was the most common sites for malignant salivary gland tumor (80%) followed by submandibular gland (20%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant salivary gland tumor of parotid gland and Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor of submandibu-lar gland. Male: Female ratio was 1.5:1 with age range from 12 years to 71 years. Common age group for malignant salivary gland tumor was from 50 to 60 years.
Conclusions: Parotid was the most common site whereas Mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor of major salivary gland.
Knowledge on National Free Health Services among Preclinical Medical Students
Authors: Upadhyay Hari Prasad , Prasai Neeti , Prasai Meera , Sedai Prativa , Panthi Sirjana 
Published: December 2019

Background: National free health services are those facilities which are given by the government in free of cost for all the citizens in specific countries. Free health service program provides essential health care services free of charge to all users at Primary Health Care Centers, Health Posts.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 395 preclinical medical students Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal by using non probability sampling technique. In the Bivariate analysis, Chi-square test was done. Before the binary logistic regression Multicollinearity of independent variables was check by using Variance inflation factor (VIF). Binary logistic regression was performed to examine the net effect of each independent variable on the Dependent variable.
Results: Result showed that 24.8% students had good knowledge on national free health services (with 95% CI 20.81% to 29.3%). The overall level of knowledge of BPH students had good followed by nursing students. Students who were in the age group 20-25 years had 3.54 times (with 95% CI for OR = 1.869 to 6.689) as compared 15-20 years and students of age 25-30 years had 14.04 times (with 95% CI for OR = 5.292 to 37.262) good knowledge as compare to those who were in the age group 15-20 years. Female students had 2 times (with 95% CI for OR = 1.002 to 3.977) good knowledge as compare to male students. Students who were from BDS had 0.83 times (with 95% CI for OR = 0.159 to 4.319), students who were from Nursing had 1.70 times (with 95% CI for OR = 0.658 to 4.402), students who were from BPH had 4.34 times (with 95% CI for OR = 1.698 to 11.087) and students who were from B Pharmacy had 1.10 times (with 95% CI for OR = 0.415 to 2.941) times higher odds of knowledge as compare to those students who were from MBBS.
Conclusions: The overall level of knowledge among the preclinical medical students is poor; only one fourth students had good level of knowledge. Majority of the students don’t know name of the basic free health services provided by government of Nepal. Students of younger adult had good knowledge. BHP and Nursing students had good knowledge as compared to other level. Statistically significant variable with level of knowledge are age (p-value <0.001), gender (p-value 0.049), level of education (p-value<0.001).
Évaluation de la qualité des soins maternels kangourou au centre hospitalier universitaire Sylvanus-Olympio de Lomé au terme de six ans de mise en place
Authors: Tchagbele O.-B. , Djadou K.E. , Segbedji K.E.R. , Agbeko F. , Azouma K.D. , Atakouma D.Y. , Agbèrè A.D. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Les soins maternels kangourou favorisent une meilleure prise en charge des nouveau-nés de faible poids de naissance (FPN). L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer la qualité des soins offerts dans l’unité kangourou du centre hospitalier universitaire Sylvanus-Olympio (CHU-SO) de Lomé au Togo.Matériel et méthodes: Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale qui s’est déroulée du 1er mars au 31 août 2017 portant sur 500 mères de nouveau-nés de FPN dans l’unité de néonatologie du CHU-SO de Lomé. Les aspects sociodémographiques et ceux liés à la qualité des soins dans l’unité ont été évalués.Résultats: L’âge moyen des mères était de 28,8 ± 5,8 ans avec des extrêmes de 15 et 42 ans. Les mères ont déclaré dans 99 % des cas ne pas connaître l’existence de l’unité ; pourtant, 45,6 et 82,2 % d’entre elles avaient déjà soit présenté une menace d’accouchement prématuré, soit accouché d’un nouveau-né prématuré. Les mères étaient satisfaites de l’unité kangourou dans une forte proportion (62 %), même si seulement un peu plus de la moitié (51,6 %) d’entre elles avaient des informations sur leur(s) nouveau-né(s). En revanche, un faible taux de satisfaction était enregistré pour la communication avec les personnels (20 %) et les conditions de confort (45,2 %). Soixante-dix pour cent (70 %) des mères estimaient être prêtes à prendre en charge leur nouveau-né à domicile avant la sortie de l’unité.Conclusion: La satisfaction des patientes de l’unité dépend du fonctionnement, de l’organisation et de l’environnement de l’unité.
Implementation of Pump Installation Simulation with Smart Relay-Based Water Level for Practical Tools in Learning Process
Authors: Ardana I Gusti Ngurah , Suherman I Ketut , Sutarna I Nyoman , Darma Susila I Nengah 
Published: December 2019

Polytechnic is a skill-based education with a lot of training and practice, it is necessary to be prepared practicum facilities in terms of instrumentation and control devices, especially pump installation system. An important role in the operation of a system is the electrical system in the form of control, which is useful to facilitate pump installation operation system and this piping is called the Water Level Control. The complicated difficulty is assembling electrical installations manually. This problem can be solved with water level control pump installation system based on smart relay. The aim of this research is to know the discharge of pump water. The data show the average of the water debit calculation theoretically 1.03 liters / minute, meanwhile the average of the debit of test water on tool is 1.44 liter / minute. In conclusion, there is a difference about 0.41 liters / minute, the determination of frictional factor price, coefficient of endurance, pipe diameter, bend type in the specification material not in accordance with the actual material size. It is suggested to the policy makers in the field of vocational education that the tools and practical facilities must be well designed to more effectively consider the condition of student learning.
PENGALAMAN HIDUP PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU USIA DEWASA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS GEROKGAK I, KABUPATEN BULELENG, PROVINSI BALI
Authors: Lestari Ni Kadek Dwi Ari , Putra Putu Wira Kusuma , Laksmi Ida Ayu Agung 
Published: December 2019

Tuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit menular seringkali dikaitkan dengan kemiskinan dan umumnya menyerang rentang usia produktif (15-59 tahun). Indonesia termasuk peringkat ke-5 dunia dengan kasus TB paru terutama masalah Multi Drug Resistent (MDR). Tujuan penelitian mengetahui bagaimana pengalaman hidup, makna hidup, hambatan serta harapan hidup penderita TB paru. Penelitian ini penelitian kualititatif fenomenologi, menggunakan desain deskriptif fenomenologi dengan metode wawancara mendalam. Data dikumpulkan melalui rekaman wawancara, catatan dan dokumentasi lapangan dianalisis dengan teknik Creswell empat strategi. Terdapat empat makna hasil penelitian yaitu pengalaman kehidupan penderita TB paru terindikasi buruk, makna hidup penderita TB paru adalah penderitaan, hambatan kehidupan yang dirasakan penderita TB paru berupa hambatan fisik (cepat lelah, nafsu makan menurun, batuk, lemas, dan sesak), hambatan psikologi (rasa bosan dalam mengonsumsi obat TB), hambatan sosial (berkurangnya interaksi sosial) hambatan finansial (tidak bekerja sama sekali dan berdiam diri di tempat tinggalnya), dan harapan kehidupan penderita TB paru menginginkan sembuh dari penyakitnya. Mengingat penyakit TB menyebabkan gangguan fisik, sosial, psikologi, finansial bagi penderitanya, dimana penderita akan merasa menderita, sedih tidak produktif, hidup bosan, maka sangat penting mengintensifkan pola penyuluhan agar masyarakat terhindar dari penyakit TB.
Balance and Mobility Performance Along the Alzheimer’s Disease Spectrum
Authors: Yoon Bora , Choi Seong Hye , Jeong Jee Hyang , Park Kyung Won , Kim Eun-Joo , Hwang Jihye , Jang Jae-Won , Kim Hee Jin , Hong Jin Yong , Lee Jong-Min , Kang Ju-Hee , Yoon Soo Jin 
Published: December 2019

Background: Balance impairments are common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Objective: We sought to determine the stage along the AD spectrum during which balance impairments appear and identify factors associated with a decline in balance function. Methods: Our cross-sectional study included 295 participants; 71 were cognitively normal (CN), 96 reported subjective cognitive decline (SCD), 72 had amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 56 had AD dementia. The balance and mobility function was assessed using the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and the One-Leg Standing Test (OLST). Results: Participants in the MCI and AD dementia groups were older than those in the cognitively normal and SCD groups. TUG and OLST test scores were linearly correlated with Mini-Mental Status Examination-Korean Version score (MMSE-KC). TUG score increased with greater AD spectrum severity (all p < 0.001), whereas OLST score showed a precipitous impairment starting in the SCD group (all p < 0.001), even after adjusting for age, sex, MMSE-KC, Geriatric depression scale, and body mass index. Based on subgroup analyses, in females and apolipoprotein E ( APOE) ɛ4 carriers, there was significant balance/mobility impairment in the SCD group when compared to the CN group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that balance/mobility is related to cognitive function and that balance/mobility impairment can be observed beginning in the SCD stage. Furthermore, CN females and APOE ɛ4 carriers had better balance and mobility when compared to females and APOE ɛ4 carriers along the ADD spectrum/with cognitive impairment respectively.
Prediction of temperature rise for ventilated dry-type transformer by 3-D coupled magneto-fluid-thermal model
Authors: Yan Xinxiao , Li Yongjian , Cheng Zhiguang , Zhang Changgeng 
Published: December 2019

A 3-D coupled magneto-fluid-thermal model is established for temperature rise prediction in a ventilated dry-type transformer rated at 2500 kVA. In order to accurately estimate electromagnetic losses, a three-dimensional (3-D) transient finite element method considering the effect of eddy-current losses on the foil type windings is proposed. Besides, two orthogonal B- P loss curves are adopted to model the anisotropy of grain-oriented (GO) silicon steel. The non-uniform power losses of winding and core are mapped into the thermal field as heat sources. Moreover, the transformer structures such as the narrow struts, insulation barrier and clamps are considered to improve the computational accuracy of air velocity and temperature distribution. At last, the test of temperature rise has been carried out to verify the proposed model.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAH BERBASIS AKRUAL, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERN DAN KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH (STUDI KASUS INSPEKTORAT KABUPATEN BENGKULU TENGAH)
Authors: Fitriyani Novita , Herawati Helmi 
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine how much influence the Accrual Based Accounting, Internal Control Systems and Financial Statement Quality on the Accountability of Government Institution Performance, at the Central Bengkulu District Inspectorate.Based on the results and hypothesis testing that has been described, accrual-based accounting has a significant effect with the value of 0.714 on the accountability of government performance in the Central Bengkulu District Inspectorate. This shows that in the first hypothesis Accrual Based Accounting the hypothesis is accepted.
The internal control system has a significant effect with a value of 0.801 on the accountability of government performance in the Central Bengkulu District Inspectorate. This shows that in the second hypothesis, the internal control system is accepted.
The quality of financial statements has a significant effect with a value of 0.774 on the accountability of government performance in the Central Bengkulu Inspectorate, this shows in the third hypothesis The quality of the financial statements is accepted.
So that it can be concluded that Accrual Based Accounting, Internal Control System and Quality of Financial Statements have a significant effect on the accountability of the performance of government agencies in the Central Bengkulu Inspectorate, with a value of 82% and the rest is influenced by other factors outside the X variable in this study.
Lefkoşa’da Yaşayan Yetişkin Bireylerin Beslenme Alışkanlıkları ve Beslenme Durumlarının Saptanması
Authors: Dağ Ayhan 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışma, Lefkoşa’da yaşayan yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıkları ve beslenme durumlarının saptanması amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Bireyler ve Yöntem: Çalışma 1550 yetişkin birey ile yapılmıştır. Sosyodemografik özellikleri belirlemek için 26 sorudan oluşan bir anket formu yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile uygulanmıştır. Bireylerin antropometrik ölçümleri alınmış, besin tüketim kayıtları24 saatlik geriye dönük hatırlatma yöntemi kullanılarak kaydedilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 34.9±13.66 yıl olan bireylerin %47.3’ü kadın %52.7’si erkektir. Beden kütle indeksi (BKİ) kadınlarda 24.9±5.40 kg/m2 ve erkeklerde ise 25.3±4.11 kg/m2’dir. BKİ sınıflamasına göre kadınların %44.1’i, erkeklerin %50.6’sı hafif şişman ve obezdir. Obezite ile birlikte kronik hastalık görülme sıklığının artığı (p<0.001), eğitim düzeyi yüksek olanlarda ise obezite sıklığının azaldığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Cinsiyete göre bel çevresi ölçümü kadınlarda 83.4±16.64 cm, erkeklerde ise 90.3±13.38 cm’dir. Kadınların %37.9’unun erkeklerin %18.1’nin yüksek riskli grupta yer aldığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.001). Riskli ve yüksek riskli bel/boy oranına sahip kadınların sıklığı %50.2, erkeklerin ise %53.0 olarak bulunmuştur. Kadınların %51.8’inin diyetle karbonhidrat alımları önerilerin altında iken erkeklerde bu sıklık %49.6’dır. Enerjinin yağdan gelen oranı ise kadınlarda %58.9, erkeklerde %51.9 ile önerilerin üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu araştırma, Lefkoşa bölgesinde toplumun sağlığının korunması ve geliştirilmesi için bireylerin yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeleri hususunda beslenme eğitimine ihtiyaç olduğuna ışık tutmaktadır.
Features, Opportunities and Application of Control Cards Accumulated Sum. Part 2. Numerical Method for Assessing the Disorder of a Technological Process
Authors: Volodarsky E. , Kosheva L. , Pototsky I. 
Published: December 2019

The article continues to consider the possibility of maintaining the technological process in a statistical control state with the use of cumulative sum charts. A numerical method for estimating the statistical controllability of a process using a scheme of decision intervals based on a computational algorithm is considered.
Cumulative sum charts can provide an out-of-control process detection and, unlike a regular Shewhart charts, allow determine quickly and accurately the process change area, as well as when corrective action is required. Unlike the graphical method using the V-mask, when the mandatory presence of an operator is required to monitor the state of the process, the numerical estimation method using the decision interval scheme can be automated and provide appropriate signals without operator involvement.
The method under consideration reveals a point in time when a change in process cannot be caused solely by the influence of random causes, that is, there is a significant systematic influence, a disorder of the process and a shift in the primary level of adjustment. The use of the same V-mask allows to solve the opposite problem: when fixing the moment of disorder of the technological process to determine what time this event took place.
When constructing a V-mask, its «opening angle» is directly related to the maximum permissible displacement of the process and, based on the requirements for the quality of the technological pro­cess, it is necessary to have an aggregate (set) of such V-masks. When applying the numerical method, this problem does not occur.
The article shows the equivalence of graphical and numerical methods theoretically and numerically, which, given the certain undoubted advantages of the latter, proves the prospect of its application.
An Dream Gaoidhealta Gallda : East Ulster poets and patrons as Gaelic Irish and English Crown personae
Authors: Hughes A. J. 
Published: December 2019

An Dream Gaoidhealta Gallda (Les Anglo-Normans devenus Gaels), Les Poètes de l'est de I' Ulster et leurs mécènes, représentant à la fois la Couronne anglaise et l'Irlande gaélique.
Si la colonisation anglaise en Irlande, aux XVIe et XVIIe s., a eu pour résultat de remplacer l'ancienne hiérarchie gaélique par les notables anglais, les poètes bardiques et les juges brehon n'ont pas toujours été hostiles au nouveau régime. De plus, quelques familles nobles de provenance non gaélique ont entretenu des lettrés gaéliques, un phénomène d'assimilation culturelle qui s'était déjà produit à l'époque des conquêtes anglo-normandes et même Scandinaves. Un exemple remarquable de famille anglo-normande gaélicisée se voit dans les Savage des Ards, comté de Down — la famille anglo-normande qui eut la plus grande longévité de toute l'île, et qui pour survivre pratiqua la duplicité à l'égard de la Couronne comme à l'égard de l'ancien système gaélique.
Beaucoup de poètes gaéliques ont accepté des postes dans la nouvelle administration anglaise en Irlande, et quelques familles d'origine gaélique écossaise (poètes ou seigneurs), choisirent le statut de citoyen [denizen] anglais afin de pouvoir conserver leur pouvoir et leurs privilèges dans la période qui suivit la Plantation, comme par exemple les McDonnells et les Agnews, comté d'Antrim, qui invoquaient leur origine écossaise pour revendiquer une identité «britannique» plutôt que «gaélique» ou «juste irlandaise».
De ΑΝΔΟΟΥΝΝΑΒΟ, ONNO y VXOVNE
Authors: Jordán Cólera Carlos 
Published: December 2019

À propos de ΑΝΔΟΟΥΝΝΑΒ O, ONNO et VXOVNE.
Les théonymes gaulois Aνδοουνναβο et Vxoune sont probablement des noms de déesses des eaux. Ils ont déjà reçu plusieurs étymologies différentes. L’auteur accepte d’identifier dans le premier nom un préfixe ande- «au-dessous» ; le thème serait non pas *udna = Lat. unda, mais *umna, un nom de la rivière, issu de *ubna et apparenté à l'irl. aub, et au lat. amnis. Le gaulois onno cité dans le glossaire d’Endlicher doit avoir été extrait des noms de rivières en -umna > -onna (Garumna , Vultumna etc.). Enfin Uxoune comporte un préfixe uxe-de *upsi «au-dessus » (Uxoune : datif latin vulgaire).
Strategi dan Dampak Kenaikan Harga Kedelai Terhadap Laba Usaha Produsen Tempe di Desa Panggung
Authors: Machfiroh Ines Saraswati 
Published: December 2019

Harga kedelai di Indonesia beberapa kali telah melambung pada harga yang tak terkendali. Pengusaha (khususnya usaha mikro) dari tempe tidak bertahan lama dengan kondisi seperti itu. Akibatnya jumlah tempe di pasar berkurang, sementara tempe merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting masyarakat Indonesia. Bahkan, pemerintah mengambil kebijakan instan seperti menghapus bea masuk kedelai impor. Kebijakan itu tidak strategis dan bisa berakibat fatal, karena negara akan dibanjiri oleh kedelai impor, yang mengakibatkan petani kedelai bersiap-siap berhenti dari pertanian kedelai. Dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif, penelitian ini menganalisis mengenai: (1) dampak kenaikan harga kedelai terhadap laba usaha produsen tempe dengan analisis laba usaha (2) strategi penyesuaian yang dibuat oleh produsen tempe untuk menjaga bisnis mereka. Analisis dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa laba usaha menurun lebih dari biasanya sebelum harga kedelai meningkat. Kondisi tersebut mengakibatkan kesulitan dalam melanjutkan bisnis mereka. Jika modal produsen tempe tidak cukup kuat, mereka akan berhenti dari bisnis mereka. Dalam kondisi sulit seperti itu, mereka melakukan strategi inovasi dengan mengurangi tenaga kerja dan mengurangi ukuran tempe namun pada harga yang sama.
Kata kunci: Harga, Kedelai, Laba Usah, Strategi yang dilakukan