bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and implementation of framework for higher education enrolment through ICT enabled application using JEE
Authors: Hegde Vinayak , Rashmi Nayak S , Charitha S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Education is a vital tool for a country’s economic growth. The growing competence in the world has increased the demand in the tertiary education sector. As a result, the higher education enrollment process becomes tedious and time-consuming. A lot of educational institutions face issues in the enrollment process. For instance, analysing the huge data of various student demographics, grouping similarities, finding loopholes, determining the categories etc. Therefore, an analytical framework serves as a tool for a reliable and efficient enrollment process. The design and implementation of the framework for higher education enrollment through ICT enabled applications using JEE stands as a vanguard technology. The framework contains an academic dashboard with statistical representations of various categories of the enrolled student’s data, generating daily matrix reports, Google API visualizations for quicker understanding and also a counselor ranking which depicts the success rate of each counselor etc. By harnessing accurate parameters like the number of walk-ins, the number of walk-ins but not purchased applications, applications purchased but not submitted, submitted but not enrolled etc. institutions can enroll the optimal number of students. In addition, tracking enrollment trends over time provide institutions with a better glimpse of the huge data and helps them in better and effective decision making resulting in an increased reputation of the institutions. This paper focuses on data capturing through the ICT enabled an application that is developed. Based on the data captured, analysis and decisions are made.
Frequency domain analysis for the classification of parkinson’s disease patients
Authors: Kamalraj S , Rejith K N , Prasanna Venkatesan G K D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, Emotional recognition in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been analyzed in frequency domain using Entropy, Energy-Entropy and Teager Energy-Entropy features. Classification results were observed using three classifiers namely Probabilistic Neural Network, K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm and Support Vector Machine. Emotional EEG stimuli such as happiness, sadness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust were used to categorize the PD patients and healthy controls (HC). For each EEG signal, the alpha, beta and gamma band frequency features are obtained for three different feature extraction methods (Spectral Entropy, Spectral Energy-Entropy, and Spectral Teager Energy-Entropy). The proposed Spectral Energy–Entropy feature performs well for all six emotions for different classifiers when compared to other features, whereas different features with classifiers give variant results for few emotions with highest accuracy of 96.8%.
Design and analysis of a new axial flux permanent magnet synchronous generator for wind
Authors: Antipov V N , Grozov A D , Ivanova A V 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe paper deals with a new design of a low-speed disk permanent magnet axial flux synchronous machine for decentralized power generation, which has improved weight-size parameters. In the new design the value of the air gap value is reduced by removing all inter-coil connections from the gap and also a concentrated winding with a high winding coefficient is applied. A two-rotor prototype of this design is created (150 W, 83 V, 250 rpm) and its magnetic circuit and the concentrated windings arrangement are described, as well as the results of the machine experimental study. The 2D finite element analysis is used to determine the effect of the air gap value effect on the disk slotless generator parameters. The method of rational choice of the machine main dimensions and the parameters of its winding according to nominal data and electromagnetic loads limitations are presented. Comparison of parameters and characteristics of a 20-pole-pair 5 kW synchronous wind generator with the new design and cylindrical one with tangential magnetization is performed. The proposed slotless design exceeds the cylindrical one in efficiency and requires less material costs. The limitations are the higher value of the outer machine diameter and the required large magnets mass.
Natural ferruginous manganese ore as a potential low-cost adsorbent for Congo red dye removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Shah Khizar Hussain , Ghafoor Abdul , Fahad Muhammad , Ali Sajjad , Ahmad Haroon 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the present work adsorption characteristics of natural ferruginous manganese ore (FMO) was investigated to assess its potential as an efficient and economic adsorbent for Congo red (CR) dye removal from the aqueous solutions. The characterization of FMO was initially performed using different analytical techniques of XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS, FTIR and pH PZC. The effects of different adsorption parameters, such as, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, contact time and temperature were further investigated in detail. The equilibrium time required to reach maximum uptake was noted at 90 min with 83% removal efficiency. The mean free adsorption energy (E) estimated using D-R model was 1.12 kJ.mol−1 indicating the physical adsorption of CR on FMO. The adsorption data showed a good fitting to the Langmuir isotherm model and pseudo-second order kinetic model with higher regression-coefficient (R2). The adsorption process thermodynamics parameters (∆H, ∆S and ∆G) revealed endothermic and spontaneous nature of reaction accompanied by entropical changes occurred at solid-solution interface. The maximum adsorption capacity of FMO was observed to be 76.9 mg g−1 which is well comparable to the values reported in literature. It is necessary to mention that we are reporting first time the potential of FMO as adsorbent for CR removal and results would be of great importance for the application of FMO for environmental decontamination.
Predators’ consumption of unpalatable prey does not vary as a function of bitter taste perception
Authors: Hämäläinen Liisa , Mappes Johanna , Thorogood Rose , Valkonen Janne K , Karttunen Kaijamari , Salmi Tuuli , Rowland Hannah M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Many prey species contain defensive chemicals that are described as tasting bitter. Bitter taste perception is, therefore, assumed to be important when predators are learning about prey defenses. However, it is not known how individuals differ in their response to bitter taste, and how this influences their foraging decisions. We conducted taste perception assays in which wild-caught great tits (Parus major) were given water with increasing concentrations of bitter-tasting chloroquine diphosphate until they showed an aversive response to bitter taste. This response threshold was found to vary considerably among individuals, ranging from chloroquine concentrations of 0.01 mmol/L to 8 mmol/L. We next investigated whether the response threshold influenced the consumption of defended prey during avoidance learning by presenting birds with novel palatable and defended prey in a random sequence until they refused to attack defended prey. We predicted that individuals with taste response thresholds at lower concentrations would consume fewer defended prey before rejecting them, but found that the response threshold had no effect on the birds’ foraging choices. Instead, willingness to consume defended prey was influenced by the birds’ body condition. This effect was age- and sex-dependent, with adult males attacking more of the defended prey when their body condition was poor, whereas body condition did not have an effect on the foraging choices of juveniles and females. Together, our results suggest that even though taste perception might be important for recognizing prey toxicity, other factors, such as predators’ energetic state, drive the decisions to consume chemically defended prey.
NCMCMDA: miRNA–disease association prediction through neighborhood constraint matrix completion
Authors: Chen Xing , Sun Lian-Gang , Zhao Yan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEmerging evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in diverse fundamental and important biological processes associated with human diseases. Inferring potential disease related miRNAs and employing them as the biomarkers or drug targets could contribute to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of complex human diseases. In view of that traditional biological experiments cost much time and resources, computational models would serve as complementary means to uncover potential miRNA–disease associations. In this study, we proposed a new computational model named Neighborhood Constraint Matrix Completion for MiRNA–Disease Association prediction (NCMCMDA) to predict potential miRNA–disease associations. The main task of NCMCMDA was to recover the missing miRNA–disease associations based on the known miRNA–disease associations and integrated disease (miRNA) similarity. In this model, we innovatively integrated neighborhood constraint with matrix completion, which provided a novel idea of utilizing similarity information to assist the prediction. After the recovery task was transformed into an optimization problem, we solved it with a fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm. As a result, the AUCs of NCMCMDA in global and local leave-one-out cross validation were 0.9086 and 0.8453, respectively. In 5-fold cross validation, NCMCMDA achieved an average AUC of 0.8942 and standard deviation of 0.0015, which demonstrated NCMCMDA’s superior performance than many previous computational methods. Furthermore, NCMCMDA was applied to three different types of case studies to further evaluate its prediction reliability and accuracy. As a result, 84% (colon neoplasms), 98% (esophageal neoplasms) and 98% (breast neoplasms) of the top 50 predicted miRNAs were verified by recent literature.
Towards Economic Decoupling? Mapping Chinese Discourse on the China–US Trade War
Authors: Wei Li 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Tremendous changes have occurred in China–US relations since Donald J. Trump took office in the White House, but the most significant event is the outbreak of the China–US trade war, whose unprecedented scale and impact has drawn wide attention in China and sparked considerable debate. This article aims to review the four main stages of this great debate on the China–US trade war among China’s influential intellectuals and prominent thinkers. It covers the three-year period since beginning of the Trump administration. The initial argument among Chinese academics was whether or not there could ever be a trade war, which led to a dividing line between optimists and pessimists. Soon after, when China-US relations took a sharp downturn and a trade war seemed inevitable, Chinese scholars shifted their focus to reasons why the United States should wage a trade war against China. This culminated in three different perspectives embodied respectively in the structural conflict theory, institutional conflict theory, and the theory on exporting domestic problems. After China and the United States began slapping additional tariffs on one another’s exported goods, and with the flare-up of the Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment Corporation (ZTE) and Huawei incidents, the debate on how to respond to a trade war cleaved between the ‘whole nation system school’ and the ‘market reform school’. As to coping with the technology war, Chinese intellectuals were divided between the paths of ‘independent innovation’ and ‘open innovation’. More recently, in view of the many signs that the China–US trade war could continue indefinitely, and an economic decoupling of the two nations is no longer unimaginable, a fierce debate has arisen between those that advocate full preparations for such economic decoupling and those who insist on further links with the US economy. Although the main themes of the four stages of the debate differ somewhat, they share a certain degree of consistency as regards the conceptual pedigree of the debating parties. Their divergence derives, in essence, from different perspectives on such issues as state power versus market force, independence versus interdependence, and zero-sum competition of power versus win-win economic cooperation. This also exemplifies the competing views in Chinese academia on classical political economy.
Chronic inflammation within the vascular wall in pulmonary arterial hypertension: more than a spectator
Authors: Huertas Alice , Tu Ly , Humbert Marc , Guignabert Christophe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This review seeks to provide an update of preclinical findings and available clinical data on the chronic persistent inflammation and its direct role on the pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) progression. We reviewed the different mechanisms by which the inflammatory and immune pathways contribute to the structural and functional changes occurring in the three vascular compartments: the tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. We also discussed how these inflammatory mediator changes may serve as a biomarker of the PAH progression and summarize unanswered questions and opportunities for future studies in this area.
Geographic variability in the alarm calls of the European ground squirrel
Authors: Schneiderová Irena , Štefanská Lucie , Kratochvíl Lukáš 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Geographic variability in vocalizations has been documented in many mammalian species. We examined to what extent it applies to the alarm calls of the European ground squirrel Spermophilus citellus. We recorded the calls of 82 adult individuals from 5 natural colonies in the Czech Republic and 24 adult individuals from an artificial seminatural colony located in a Czech zoo. The founders of this colony originated from 4 different natural colonies in the Czech Republic. Our results showed that there are hardly any differences in the acoustic structure of the alarm calls between male and female European ground squirrels. Discriminant function analysis showed the highest degree of discriminability for the most isolated sites (54–74% of individuals classified correctly), whereas the lowest degree of discriminability was found for 2 interconnected colonies (38–40% individuals classified correctly). Individuals from the artificial seminatural colony were often classified correctly to this colony (58% classified correctly); however, the precision of the classification was comparatively relatively low, that is, many individuals from other colonies were incorrectly classified into this seminatural colony. This likely corresponds to the different origins of its founders. These findings indicate that there is a rather substantial geographic variability in the alarm calls of the European ground squirrel, and our study highlights its possible impact on conservation measures such as establishing artificial colonies or reintroductions.
Ticagrelor monotherapy versus aspirin in patients undergoing multiple arterial or single arterial coronary artery bypass grafting: insights from the TiCAB trial
Authors: Sandner Sigrid E , Schunkert Heribert , Kastrati Adnan , Wiedemann Dominik , Misfeld Martin , Böning Andreas , Tebbe Ulrich , Nowak Bernd , Stritzke Jan , Laufer Günther , von Scheidt Moritz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We evaluated the effect of ticagrelor monotherapy on outcomes after multiple arterial grafting (MAG) or single arterial grafting (SAG) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

METHODS
In a post hoc, non-randomized analysis of the TiCAB (Ticagrelor in CABG; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01755520) trial, we compared event rates for ticagrelor versus aspirin in patients undergoing MAG and SAG. Primary outcome was the composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke or repeat revascularization 1 year after CABG. Secondary outcomes included individual components of the primary end point, all-cause death and bleeding.

RESULTS
Among 1753 patients, 998 patients underwent MAG and 755 patients underwent SAG. There was no significant difference in the 1-year primary composite outcome for ticagrelor versus aspirin with MAG [7.2% vs 7.9%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57–1.43; P = 0.66] or SAG (12.3% vs 8.6%; HR 1.47, 95% CI 0.93–2.31; P = 0.10). Event rates for cardiovascular death, MI, stroke, repeat revascularization and all-cause death were similar for both treatment groups with MAG and SAG. No significant difference in major bleeding was observed for ticagrelor versus aspirin with MAG (2.6% vs 2.7%; HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.44–2.05; P = 0.90) or SAG (5.8% vs 4.0%; HR 1.49, 95% CI 0.77–2.89; P = 0.24).

CONCLUSIONS
In patients undergoing either MAG or SAG in the TiCAB trial, ticagrelor monotherapy compared with aspirin did not affect the rate of cardiovascular death, non-fatal MI, stroke or repeat revascularization, or the rate of bleeding, at 1 year after CABG.
Longitudinal Change in Cortisol Levels Across the Adult Life Span
Authors: Moffat Scott D , An Yang , Resnick Susan M , Diamond Michael P , Ferrucci Luigi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Cortisol is a key stress hormone implicated in the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Longitudinal information on cortisol exposure has been restricted to animal models and a small number of human studies. The purpose of the present study was to quantify longitudinal change in cortisol across the adult life span.

Methods
We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of 24-hour urinary free cortisol excretion from ages 20 to 90 years and older. Participants were 1,814 men and women from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging who provided a total of 5,527 urine specimens for analysis. The average duration of longitudinal follow-up was 6.6 years. The primary outcome measure was 24-hour urinary free cortisol to creatinine ratio (UFC/Cr) as determined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Results
UFC/Cr follows a U-shaped pattern across the life span with decreases in UFC/Cr in the 20s and 30s, relative stability in the 40s and 50s, and increases thereafter. This pattern of change was robust with respect to adjustment for several potential confounding factors.

Conclusions
Age-related changes in cortisol exposure raise important questions about the potential protective or exacerbating role of cortisol exposure in predicting medical, physiological, and behavioral outcomes.
Automatic detection of Western rock lobster using synthetic data
Authors: Mahmood Ammar , Bennamoun Mohammed , An Senjian , Sohel Ferdous , Boussaid Farid , Hovey Renae , Kendrick Gary 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Underwater imaging is being extensively used for monitoring the abundance of lobster species and their biodiversity in their local habitats. However, manual assessment of these images requires a huge amount of human effort. In this article, we propose to automate the process of lobster detection using a deep learning technique. A major obstacle in deploying such an automatic framework for the localization of lobsters in diverse environments is the lack of large annotated training datasets. Generating synthetic datasets to train these object detection models has become a popular approach. However, the current synthetic data generation frameworks rely on automatic segmentation of objects of interest, which becomes difficult when the objects have a complex shape, such as lobster. To overcome this limitation, we propose an approach to synthetically generate parts of the lobster. To handle the variability of real-world images, these parts were inserted into a set of diverse background marine images to generate a large synthetic dataset. A state-of-the-art object detector was trained using this synthetic parts dataset and tested on the challenging task of Western rock lobster detection in West Australian seas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first automatic lobster detection technique for partially visible and occluded lobsters.
Cooperative optimal control for descriptor multi-agent systems
Authors: Zhang Liping , Zhang Guoshan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper provides a theory analysis of cooperative optimal control problem for leader-follower descriptor multi-agent systems. Based on the linear quadratic regulator theory, the state feedback controller is designed to guarantee the consensus of multi-agent systems and minimize a local performance index, which is independent of the graph topology, the control gain matrix is obtained by solving a generalized Riccati equation. Because the local optimal protocol devised cannot guarantee the global optimality of the entire system, the inverse optimal control theory is applied to design distributed control protocols that ensure consensus and global optimality with respect to some global performance index. The defined performance index is related to the interaction topology, whose Laplacian matrix is constrained to be diagonalizable. Finally, two numerical examples and comparisons are supplied to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Toward Phylomics in Entomology: Current Systematic and Evolutionary Morphology
Authors: Boudinot Brendon E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Morphology, encompassing the study of phenotypic form and function, is one of the ancient branches of human knowledge and is foundational for organismal classification. Two decades into the current century, the specialized biological knowledge of the history and pattern of evolution has been revolutionized by genome-scale sequencing technologies, and cryptic variation within and among species is quantifiable even with a few genetic markers. The application of statistical phylogenetic models of nucleotide and amino acid substitution to sequence data has enabled revised interpretations of morphological identities—be they population-level generalizations, such as species diagnoses, or the definition and homology of specific anatomical entities—and evolutionary transformation across the tree of life (e.g., insect genitalia, ancestral morphology of Polyneoptera). These models are also being adapted for phylogenetic analysis of morphological data, allowing explicit incorporation of fossil terminals and their stratigraphic information. In this special collection of research in Insect Systematics & Diversity (ISD), we present six papers on the topic of Current Techniques in Morphology. These papers span an arc from integrated methods of phenotype observation and visualization to methods and background for phylogenetic modeling of morphological characters. In this editorial, I review the central role of anatomical classification and anatomical terminology in systematic by way of outlining the special collection. I argue ultimately for a reconceptualization of phylogenetic morphology.