bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hannah Gadsby’s Nanette: Connection Through Comedy
Authors: Lintott Sheila 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHannah Gadsby: Nanette (2018) is a brilliant and masterful work of comedy in which Gadsby announces she is quitting comedy. In this article, I draw on classical and contemporary humor theory to explore the comedic content of Nanette and critique Gadsby’s reasons for quitting. Although I largely agree with Gadsby’s concerns about comedy, I argue that the very show in which she presents them, Nanette, stands as evidence against their universal truth. Gadsby argues that comedy is no longer conducive to her health for at least three related reasons. First, the self‐deprecatory comedy out of which she has built her career is a symptom of her humiliation which she is no longer willing or able to showcase for the pleasure of others. I argue that while self‐deprecatory humor can, of course, be a sign of humiliation, it needn’t be. Comedians, including those on the margins, can and do effectively employ self‐deprecation without humiliation or denigration of self, and one way comedians do this is as a ruse to expose the ignorance of the audience or of comic targets not present. Second, Gadsby analyzes jokes and argues their two‐part structure, set‐up and punch line, is inadequate for telling the whole story of the trauma she has endured as a lesbian who, as she puts it, presents as “gender not‐normal.” However, I maintain that, although jokes may not be, stand‐up sets are often complete wholes with beginnings, middles, and ends. In fact, Nannette is a prime example of such complex comedy. Finally, she argues that the comedian’s job is to create and dispel tension, but she is no longer willing to take responsibility for or do anything to dispel the tension created when she speaks of her past trauma. But I discuss how Gadsby, as a true master of her craft, is able to create a highly successful and very funny comedy show in which she completely controls the tension while explicitly choosing to leave significant portions of it with the audience. In fact, super stand‐up comedy can introduce tension it neglects to remove without sacrificing the humor. Indeed, Hannah Gadsby’s Nanette is a prime example of comedy that powerfully does precisely this.
Can Balint groups fill a gap in medical curricula?
Authors: Gajree Neera 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundEmotions play a fundamental role in the professional development of doctors. Teaching medical students about the role of emotions in illness and relationships with patients can be challenging. Balint groups involve a case presentation and discussion focussed on the emotional component of patient interactions. This study aimed to assess whether a Balint group helped medical students to gain a better understanding of the role of emotions in the doctor–patient relationship, and whether students believed that the group provided a valuable educational opportunity.MethodsVoluntary 5‐week Balint groups were offered to third, fourth and fifth year medical students on clinical placement at University Hospital Hairmyres. The traditional Balint group format was adhered to. Participating students were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire following the final group session.ResultsSixteen medical students participated in the Balint groups, and they all completed the questionnaire. The majority of students agreed that the groups helped them to think about the place of emotions in patient encounters, and provided a useful space to think about the doctor–patient relationship. Most students agreed that participating in a Balint group was an important part of their training as a doctor. Students overwhelmingly indicated that Balint groups provide an aspect of training that is not currently addressed elsewhere in the medical student curriculum.ConclusionBalint groups provide an effective means of educating students about the role of emotions in the doctor–patient relationship. They are largely valued by students as providing a relevant component of their medical education
Differential activities of maize plant elicitor peptides as mediators of immune signaling and herbivore resistance
Authors: Poretsky Elly , Dressano Keini , Weckwerth Philipp , Ruiz Miguel , Char Si Nian , Shi Da , Abagyan Ruben , Yang Bing , Huffaker Alisa 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYPlant elicitor peptides (Peps) are conserved regulators of defense responses and models for the study of damage‐associated molecular pattern‐induced immunity. Although present as multigene families in most species, the functional relevance of these multigene families remains largely undefined. While Arabidopsis Peps appear largely redundant in function, previous work examining Pep‐induced responses in maize (Zm) implied specificity of function. To better define the function of individual ZmPeps and their cognate receptors (ZmPEPRs), activities were examined by assessing changes in defense‐associated phytohormones, specialized metabolites and global gene expression patterns, in combination with heterologous expression assays and analyses of CRISPR/Cas9‐generated knockout plants. Beyond simply delineating individual ZmPep and ZmPEPR activities, these experiments led to a number of new insights into Pep signaling mechanisms. ZmPROPEP and other poaceous precursors were found to contain multiple active Peps, a phenomenon not previously observed for this family. In all, seven new ZmPeps were identified and the peptides were found to have specific activities defined by the relative magnitude of their response output rather than by uniqueness. A striking correlation was observed between individual ZmPep‐elicited changes in levels of jasmonic acid and ethylene and the magnitude of induced defense responses, indicating that ZmPeps may collectively regulate immune output through rheostat‐like tuning of phytohormone levels. Peptide structure–function studies and ligand–receptor modeling revealed structural features critical to the function of ZmPeps and led to the identification of ZmPep5a as a potential antagonist peptide able to competitively inhibit the activity of other ZmPeps, a regulatory mechanism not previously observed for this family.
Genetic architecture to cause dynamic change in tiller and panicle numbers revealed by genome‐wide association study and transcriptome profile in rice
Authors: Ma Xiaoqian , Li Fengmei , Zhang Quan , Wang Xueqiang , Guo Haifeng , Xie Jianyin , Zhu Xiaoyang , Ullah Khan Najeeb , Zhang Zhanying , Li Jinjie , Li Zichao , Zhang Hongliang 
Published: October 2020

SummaryPanicle number (PN) is one of the three yield components in rice. As one of the most unstable traits, the dynamic change in tiller number (DCTN) may determine the final PN. However, the genetic basis of DCTN and its relationship with PN remain unclear. Here, 377 deeply re‐sequenced rice accessions were used to perform genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) for tiller/PN. It was found that the DCTN pattern rather than maximum tiller number or effective tiller ratio is the determinant factor of high PN. The DCTN pattern that affords more panicles exhibits a period of stable tillering peak between 30 and 45 days after transplant (called DT30 and DT45, respectively), which was believed as an ideal pattern contributing to the steady transition from tiller development to panicle development (ST‐TtP). Consistently, quantitative trait loci (QTL) expressed near DT30−DT45 were especially critical to the rice DCTN and in supporting the ST‐TtP. The spatio‐temporal expression analysis showed that the expression pattern of keeping relatively high expression in root at 24:00 (R24‐P2) from about DT30 to DT45 is a typical expression pattern of cloned tiller genes, and the candidate genes with R24‐P2 can facilitate the prediction of PN. Moreover, gene OsSAUR27 was identified by an integrated approach combining GWAS, bi‐parental QTL mapping and transcription. These findings related to the genetic basis underlying the DCTN will provide the genetic theory in making appropriate decisions on field management, and in developing new varieties with high PN and ideal dynamic plant architecture.
Resequencing of 296 cultivated and wild lotus accessions unravels its evolution and breeding history
Authors: Liu Zhengwei , Zhu Honglian , Zhou Juhong , Jiang Sanjie , Wang Yun , Kuang Jing , Ji Qun , Peng Jing , Wang Jie , Gao Li , Bai Mingzhou , Jian Jianbo , Ke Weidong 
Published: October 2020

SummaryLotus (family: Nelumbonaceae) are perennial aquatic plants that represent one of the most ancient basal dicots. In the present study, we resequenced 296 lotus accessions from various geographical locations and germplasms to explore their genomic diversity and population structure. This germplasm set consisted of four accessions of American wild lotus and 292 accessions of Asian lotus, which were divided into four subgroups: wild, rhizome, flower and seed. Total single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) suggested that the wild lotus had the highest variant number (7 191 010). Population structure and genome diversity analysis indicated that the American wild lotus demonstrated a distant genetic relationship with the Asian lotus. Furthermore, the seed and rhizome lotus groups had not originated from a single source but rather had a more complex multisource origin. Besides that, the seed lotus showed higher genetic diversity, which might have been due to the gene flow from the flower lotus to seed lotus by artificial crossing, and the rhizome lotus showed a much lower genetic diversity than the other groups. The present study provides SNP markers for lotus genomic diversity analysis, which will be useful for guiding lotus breeding.
Local gene regulation in radial glia: Lessons from across the nervous system
Authors: D'Arcy Brooke R. , Silver Debra L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRadial glial cells (RGCs) are progenitors of the cerebral cortex which produce both neurons and glia during development. Given their central role in development, RGC dysfunction can result in diverse neurodevelopmental disorders. RGCs have an elongated bipolar morphology that spans the entire radial width of the cortex and ends in basal endfeet connected to the pia. The basal process and endfeet are important for proper guidance of migrating neurons and are implicated in signaling. However, endfeet must function at a great distance from the cell body. This spatial separation suggests a role for local gene regulation in endfeet. Endfeet contain a local transcriptome enriched for cytoskeletal and signaling factors. These localized mRNAs are actively transported from the cell body and can be locally translated in endfeet. Yet, studies of local gene regulation in RGC endfeet are still in their infancy. Here, we draw comparisons of RGCs with foundational work in anatomically and phylogenetically related cell types, neurons and astrocytes. Our review highlights a striking overlap in the types of RNAs localized, as well as principles of local translation between these three cell types. Thus, studies in neurons, astrocytes and RGCs can mutually inform an understanding of RNA localization across the nervous system.
Do exporters have markup premiums and why (not)? Evidence from China
Authors: Yang Chih‐Hai 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between exports and markups in Chinese manufacturing firms. In particular, the investigation focuses on how ownership differentiates the export–markup nexus and how heterogeneity in export contents affects exporters' markups. The export–markup premium is found exclusively in the full sample and domestic firms. In contrast, exporters of foreign‐invested enterprises (FIEs) demonstrate a lower markup than their non‐exporters counterparts, ceteris paribus. The possible channels and mechanisms that result in such results are proposed and discussed. Furthermore, export types and export variety can influence exporters' markups. Ordinary exports carry a higher premium than that of processing exports for domestic exporters; multi‐product exporters exhibit a higher markup than single‐product exporters. The markup effect of export destinations varies between domestic firms and FIEs.
Analyzing factors affecting quality of life in patients hospitalized with chronic wound
Authors: Yan Ruihong , Yu Fang , Strandlund Kara , Han Jing , Lei Na , Song Yinghong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudies have reported associations between health‐related quality of life (HRQOL), social support, and mental stress of patients with chronic wound, while the causal relationship is unclear and little is known about the HRQOL of hospitalized them. We therefore investigated the status of HRQOL of hospitalized patients with chronic wound and the causal relationships among social support, mental stress (anxiety and depression) and HRQOL of which.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted and the demographic and disease characteristics, HRQOL, perceived social support and mental stress of 216 hospitalized patients with chronic wound was surveyed through questionnaires collected by face to face interview.Results(1) The HRQOL of the non‐retired patients was better than that of the retirees (P < .05); Patients with a diabetic foot ulcer, who slept less than 5 hours per night, with moderate pain, wound odor had worse HRQOL (P < .05); Sleep status, diagnosis, and pain scores were entered into the prediction equation of physiological quality of life (PQOL) of the patients (r2 = 0.125, P < .05), retired or not and wound odor were entered into the prediction equation of mental quality of life (MQOL) (r2 = 0.127, P < .05). (2) Perceived social support had a positive predictive effect on the HRQOL of hospitalized patients with chronic wound (β = 1.161, P < .001), and a negative predictive effect on mental stress of them (β = −0.902, P < .001). The effect of social support on the HRQOL of hospitalized patients with chronic wound was to provide a buffering effect on their mental stress, the estimated value was 2.121, 95% CI (1.46, 3.25).Conclusion(a) The HRQOL of hospitalized patients with chronic wound was poor and sleep status, diagnosis, pain, retirement status and whether the wound has odor were the main demographic and disease characteristic factors which affected their HRQOL. (2) Perceived social support improved the HRQOL of hospitalized patients with chronic wound by buffering their mental stress.
A New Method for Fault Detection of Rotating Machines in Motion Control Applications Using PROFIdrive Information and Support Vector Machine Classifier
Authors: Dias Andre Luis , Turcato Afonso Celso , Sestito Guilherme Serpa , Rocha Murilo Silveira , Brandão Dennis , Nicoletti Rodrigo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Electric motors are widely used in the industry. Several studies have proposed methods to detect anomalies in their operation, but always using sensors dedicated to this purpose. In this sense, this work aims to fill gaps in related works presenting a method for the detection of faults in rotating machines driven by electric motors in motion control applications using PROFINET network and PROFIdrive profile. The proposed method does not require any additional or dedicated sensors to provide data to the diagnostic system. Instead, the proposed methodology is based on the analysis of data transmitted in the communication network, which already exists for control purposes. Support vector machine (SVM) is used as a classifier of five different mechanical faults. The results provide that the methodology is feasible and efficient under different machine operating conditions, achieving, in the worst case, 97.78% efficiency.
Boundary Layers in Darcy–Brinkman Flow
Authors: Wang C. Y. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Fluid flow in saturated porous media imbedded with a solid inclusion may be described by the Darcy–Brinkman equation. When the Darcy number is small, a boundary-layer theory, similar to Prandtl's theory for viscous flow, is established. The pressure and shear forces are predicted for Darcy–Brinkman flows over a variety of solid inclusions.
Multidisciplinary Design Optimization for Performance Improvement of an Axial Flow Fan Using Free-Form Deformation
Authors: Adjei Richard Amankwa , Fan Chengwei , Wang WeiZhe , Liu YingZheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper describes a multidisciplinary design optimization for performance improvement of an electric-ducted fan rotor using free-form deformation (FFD) and data mining techniques. A practical partitioning approach for FFD parameterization was applied in combination with engineering design parameters to optimize the fan rotor. Regression analysis was used to initially determine an approximation function for the blade static stress and subsequently integrated into a fully coupled iterative loop to optimize the blade considering two operating points. Two optimization solutions for 10 and 12 blades were performed. Percentage improvements in the efficiency of 1.05% and 1.32% were realized for 10 and 12 blades, respectively, at near peak efficiency flowrate. Also, blade static stress was reduced by percentages of 5.49% and 12.37% for 10 and 12 blades compared with the baseline. Data mining results revealed key design variable sensitivities where blade twist, sweep, chord, and hub thickness distribution were found to be the most influential for 12 blades while for 10 blades, blade lean, sweep and chord at the midspan and tip. The optimized blades were found to have a significant increase in chord from midspan to tip mimicking a wide chord fan blade particularly for 10 blades. Analysis of the flow field revealed that the axial velocity from 0.4 to 0.8 spanwise length increased significantly for the optimum blades due to the increase in blade twist and chord length at all stable operating points. However, the leakage trajectory relative to the blade chord was observed to be larger and interacted with the trailing edge wake flow downstream for the optimum blades at near-stall conditions. Furthermore, the increase in chord length and the thinning of the blade close to the trailing edge from 0.4 to 0.8 span reduced the suction-side blade loading and static stress.
Design, Testing, and Performance Impact of Exhaust Diffusers in Aero-Derivative Gas Turbines for Mechanical Drive Applications
Authors: Scotti Del Greco Alberto , Jurek Tomasz , Michelassi Vittorio , Di Benedetto Daniele 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The growing penetration of renewables calls for power generation and mechanical drive gas turbine (GT) capable of quickly adjusting production and operate at part load. Aero-derivative engine architectures leverage the large experience from aircraft propulsion, have small footprint, high performance, availability, and maintainability. Aircraft engines adjust power with fuel rate and shaft speed that go hand in hand. Mechanical drive engines need to change the delivered power by keeping the shaft speed under control to guarantee the operation of the driven equipment (an LNG compressor or an electric generator). Hence, the power turbine exhaust may deliver velocity and angle profiles that put the discharge diffuser in severe off-design with flow separations, high kinetic losses, and cycle performance shortfall. This paper describes Baker Hughes a GE company experience in the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) assisted design and similitude scale-down testing of aero-derivative hot-end drive exhaust diffusers in multiple operating points. The diffuser inlet conditions reproduce power turbine exit profiles by using swirl vanes and perforated plates, the design of which is heavily CFD assisted. Predictions match measurements in terms of pressure recovery, kinetic losses, and exhaust velocity profiles. Different data postprocessing and averaging are considered to properly factor in the diffuser losses into the overall turbine performance.
Numerical Study on Forced Convection Heat Transfer Across a Heated Circular Tube Based on Bingham Model With Thermally Dependent Viscosity
Authors: Xiao Juan , Wang Simin , Wang Sophie , Dong Jiayu , Wen Jian , Tu Jiyuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The flow and heat transfer performance of Bingham fluid with thermally dependent viscosity across a heated circular tube have been numerically investigated (2408 ≤ ReB ≤ 5852, 9 ≤ Pr ≤ 23 and 10 ≤Bn ≤ 90). The modified bi-viscous Bingham model was used to solve the problem of discontinuous-viscous properties, and a function of temperature known as Arrhenius law was introduced. The results show that unyield regions include a circular shape, pyramid shape, and zones enclosing yield regions at high Reynolds number. Under constant wall temperature boundary, unyield region of temperature-dependent model at rear of circular tube is smaller due to a higher shear rate and lower average viscosity. On the surface of circular tube, local skin drag coefficient first increases and then decreases, and local Nusselt number decreases near rear stagnation point of circular tube illustrating unyield regions of Bingham fluid weaken heat transfer performance. Empirical correlations of average Nusselt number and drag coefficient were obtained based on effects of Reynolds number and Bingham number.
Finite Element Model to Simulate the Spacer Grid Buckling Characteristics
Authors: Yoo Youngik , Kim Joongjin , Eom Kyongbo , Kim Hyeongkoo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a finite element model that accurately describes the buckling behavior of a spacer grid. The spacer grid is the most important component of a nuclear fuel assembly and supports the fuel rod with a structurally sufficient buckling strength. Therefore, the development of a reliable spacer grid model is essential to evaluate the mechanical integrity of a nuclear fuel assembly. To achieve this objective, a three-dimensional finite element model was proposed to simulate the buckling characteristics and mechanical behavior of a PWR spacer grid.
To simulate the exact mechanical properties of the spacer grid cell, the parameter values required for the model were determined by conducting a fuel rod drag test and spacer grid spring/dimple stiffness test. Finally, a spacer grid static compression test and dynamic impact test were performed according to the gap size of the spacer grid cell, and the model was verified by comparing the test and analysis results. The results obtained using the developed spacer grid finite element model agreed well with the mechanical test results, and it was confirmed that both the buckling characteristics and mechanical behaviors of the model were accurately simulated by the proposed model.