bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal Properties of Alkali Activated Slag Plaster for Wooden Structures
Authors: Kielė Andrius , Vaičiukynienė Danutė , Tamošaitis Gintautas , Bistrickaitė Rėda 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCurrently, the production of green building materials grows up. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) based plaster have better fire resistance properties compared to Portland cement-based concrete and plasters. Compared to Portland cement-based systems AAMs retain a significant level of structural stability after exposure to fire events. AAM based concrete doesn’t have at all or has an insignificant amount of calcium hydroxide in the binder structure which exposed to high-temperature changes to calcium oxide. This weakens Portland cement structural properties and allows cracks to appear under high-temperature conditions. This study shows that AAM based plaster that consisted of alkali-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (slag) with the addition of Phosphogypsum (PG), sand and polypropylene fibre filling exposed to 1000 °C temperature shows up to 2% longitudinal dimension shrinkage. After exposure of elevated temperature these fibers melted leaving a network of channels that allow water vapour vaporize and inner pressure in the material decreased. The start of the wood surface charring process tchis 10 minutes after the start of heating. Using an AAM binder as fire-resistant plaster coating on a wooden structure delays the start of the char layer forming on the wood surface. This allows using AAMs base plaster for fire-resistant coatings on combustible materials as the barrier layer in order to increase the passive safety of wooden structures in heritage buildings.
Highly conductive and transparent gallium doped zinc oxide thin films via chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Ponja Sapna D. , Sathasivam Sanjayan , Parkin Ivan P. , Carmalt Claire J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDegenerately doped ZnO is seen as a potential substitute to the ubiquitous and expensive Sn doped In2O3 as a transparent electrode in optoelectronic devices. Here, highly conductive and transparent Ga doped ZnO thin films were grown via aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition. The lowest resistivity (7.8 × 10−4 Ω.cm) and highest carrier concentration (4.23 × 1020 cm−3) ever reported for AACVD grown ZnO: Ga was achieved due to using oxygen poor growth conditions enabled by diethylzinc and triethylgallium precursors.
Genomic Survey of Salt Acclimation-Related Genes in the Halophilic Cyanobacterium Euhalothece sp. Z-M001
Authors: Yang Hee Wook , Song Ji Young , Cho Sung Mi , Kwon Hak Cheol , Pan Cheol-Ho , Park Youn-Il 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLike other halophilic cyanobacterial genomes, the de novo-assembled genome of Euhalothece sp. Z-M001 lacks genes encoding keto-carotenoid biosynthesis enzymes, despite the presence of genes encoding carotenoid-binding proteins (CBPs). Consistent with this, HPLC analysis of carotenoids identified β-carotene and zeaxanthin as the dominant carotenoids. CBPs coexpressed with the zeaxanthin biosynthesis gene increased the survival rates of Escherichia coli strains by preventing antibiotic-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). RNA-seq analysis of Euhalothece revealed that among various salt resistance-related genes, those encoding the Na+ transporting multiple resistance and pH adaptation (Mrp) systems, glycine betaine biosynthesis enzymes, exopolysaccharide metabolic enzymes, and CBPs were highly upregulated, suggesting their importance in hypersaline habitats. During the early phase of salt deprivation, the amounts of β-carotene and zeaxanthin showed a negative correlation with ROS content. Overall, we propose that in some halophilic cyanobacteria, β-carotene and zeaxanthin, rather than keto-carotenoids, serve as the major chromophores for CBPs, which in turn act as effective antioxidants.
Cerebral microbleeds in adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with cranial radiation
Authors: Phillips Nicholas S. , Hillenbrand Claudia M. , Mitrea Bogdan G. , Yan Jason , Li Chenghong , Scoggins Matthew A. , Merchant Thomas E. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Srivastava Deokumar , Pui Ching-Hon , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Krull Kevin R. , Sabin Noah D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCranial radiation therapy is associated with white matter-specific brain injury, cortical volume loss, mineralization, microangiopathy and neurocognitive impairment in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In this retrospective cross-sectional analysis, neurocognitive testing and 3 T brain MRI’s were obtained in 101 survivors treated with cranial radiation. Small focal intracerebral hemorrhages only visible on exquisitely sensitive MRI sequences were identified and localized using susceptibility weighted imaging. Modified Poisson regression was used to assess the effect of cranial radiation on cumulative number and location of microbleeds in each brain region, and multiple linear regression was used to evaluate microbleeds on neurocognitive outcomes, adjusting for age at diagnosis and sex. At least one microbleed was present in 85% of survivors, occurring more frequently in frontal lobes. Radiation dose of 24 Gy conveyed a 5-fold greater risk (95% CI 2.57–10.32) of having multiple microbleeds compared to a dose of 18 Gy. No significant difference was found in neurocognitive scores with either the absence or presence of microbleeds or their location. Greater prevalence of microbleeds in our study compared to prior reports is likely related to longer time since treatment, better sensitivity of SWI for detection of microbleeds and the use of a 3 T MRI platform.
Bayesian strategy selection identifies optimal solutions to complex problems using an example from GP prescribing
Authors: Allender S. , Hayward J. , Gupta S. , Sanigorski A. , Rana S. , Seward H. , Jacobs S. , Venkatesh S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractComplex health problems require multi-strategy, multi-target interventions. We present a method that uses machine learning techniques to choose optimal interventions from a set of possible interventions within a case study aiming to increase General Practitioner (GP) discussions of physical activity (PA) with their patients. Interventions were developed based on a causal loop diagram with 26 GPs across 13 clinics in Geelong, Australia. GPs prioritised eight from more than 80 potential interventions to increase GP discussion of PA with patients. Following a 2-week baseline, a multi-arm bandit algorithm was used to assign optimal strategies to GP clinics with the target outcome being GP PA discussion rates. The algorithm was updated weekly and the process iterated until the more promising strategies emerged (a duration of seven weeks). The top three performing strategies were continued for 3 weeks to improve the power of the hypothesis test of effectiveness for each strategy compared to baseline. GPs recorded a total of 11,176 conversations about PA. GPs identified 15 factors affecting GP PA discussion rates with patients including GP skills and awareness, fragmentation of care and fear of adverse outcomes. The two most effective strategies were correctly identified within seven weeks of the algorithm-based assignment of strategies. These were clinic reception staff providing PA information to patients at check in and PA screening questionnaires completed in the waiting room. This study demonstrates an efficient way to test and identify optimal strategies from multiple possible solutions.
High-throughput screening for discovery of benchtop separations systems for selected rare earth elements
Authors: Nelson Joshua J. M. , Cheisson Thibault , Rugh Haley J. , Gau Michael R. , Carroll Patrick J. , Schelter Eric J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRare earth (RE) elements (scandium, yttrium, and the lanthanides) are critical for their role in sustainable energy technologies. Problems with their supply chain have motivated research to improve separations methods to recycle these elements from end of life technology. Toward this goal, we report the synthesis and characterization of the ligand tris[(1-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamido)ethyl]amine, H31·TFA (TFA = trifluoroacetic acid), and complexes 1·RE (RE = La, Nd, Dy). A high-throughput experimentation (HTE) screen was developed to quantitatively determine the precipitation of 1·RE as a function of pH as well as equivalents of H31·TFA. This method rapidly determines optimal conditions for the separation of RE mixtures, while minimizing materials consumption. The HTE-predicted conditions are used to achieve the lab-scale separation of Nd/Dy (SFNd/Dy = 213 ± 34) and La/Nd (SFLa/Nd = 16.2 ± 0.2) mixtures in acidic aqueous media.
Linking graphene-based material physicochemical properties with molecular adsorption, structure and cell fate
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Parekh Sapun H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGraphene, an allotrope of carbon, consists of a single layer of carbon atoms with uniquely tuneable properties. As such, graphene-based materials (GBMs) have gained interest for tissue engineering applications. GBMs are often discussed in the context of how different physicochemical properties affect cell physiology, without explicitly considering the impact of adsorbed proteins. Establishing a relationship between graphene properties, adsorbed proteins, and cell response is necessary as these proteins provide the surface upon which cells attach and grow. This review highlights the molecular adsorption of proteins on different GBMs, protein structural changes, and the connection to cellular function.
Relationship between red cell distribution width and prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Zheng Jian , Yuan Xiaopin , Guo Weichun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We retrospectively collected the clinical data and follow-up information of patients with osteosarcoma who were admitted to Department of Orthopedics, RenMin Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2010 to December 2016 and explore the relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) and prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. The present study finally included 271 patients with osteosarcoma with median follow-up time of 24.2 months (3–69 months). According to the RDW median, 135 patients belong to the low RDW group and 136 patients belong to high RDW group. Compared with low RDW group, the high RDW group tend to have metastasis (50 vs 32.6%, P=0.004), higher poor response rate to chemotherapy compared with the low RDW group (24.3 vs 7.4%, P=0.000) and higher C-reactive protein (CRP) (7.6 ± 4.9 vs 5.5 ± 4.5, t = 3.727, P=0.000). There was slightly significant difference in the types of pathology (χ2 = 8.059, P=0.045). The Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated survival curve of high RDW group was poorer than that in the low RDW group (P=0.020). The univariate cox analysis indicated that patients with RDW ≥ median had higher risk of poor prognosis compared with those who had RDW level &lt; median (HR = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.51–3.83, P=0.000). After adjusting some potential cofounding factors, the elevated RDW was still associated with poor prognosis (HR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.07–2.56, P=0.024). The elevated pretreatment RDW was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in patients with osteosarcoma and can be an independent predictor of prognosis.
Inflammation both increases and causes resistance to FGF23 in normal and uremic rats
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortiz Maria E. , Díaz-Tocados Juan M. , Muñoz-Castañeda Juan R. , Herencia Carmen , Pineda Carmen , Martínez-Moreno Julio M. , Montes de Oca Addy , López-Baltanás Rodrigo , Alcalá-Díaz Juan , Ortiz Alberto , Aguilera-Tejero Escolástico , Felsenfeld Arnold , Rodríguez Mariano , Almadén Yolanda 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) increases phosphorus excretion and decreases calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D) levels. FGF23 increases from early stages of renal failure. We evaluated whether strict control of phosphorus intake in renal failure prevents the increase in FGF23 and to what extent inflammation impairs regulation of FGF23. The study was performed in 5/6 nephrectomized (Nx) Wistar rats fed diets containing 0.2–1.2% phosphorus for 3 or 15 days. FGF23 levels significantly increased in all Nx groups in the short-term (3-day) experiment. However, at 15 days, FGF23 increased in all Nx rats except in those fed 0.2% phosphorus. In a second experiment, Nx rats fed low phosphorus diets (0.2 and 0.4%) for 15 days received daily intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injections to induce inflammation. In these rats, FGF23 increased despite the low phosphorus diets. Thus, higher FGF23 levels were needed to maintain phosphaturia and normal serum phosphorus values. Renal Klotho expression was preserved in Nx rats on a 0.2% phosphorus diet, reduced on a 0.4% phosphorus diet, and markedly reduced in Nx rats receiving LPS. In ex vivo experiments, high phosphorus and LPS increased nuclear β-catenin and p65-NFκB and decreased Klotho. Inhibition of inflammation and Wnt signaling activation resulted in decreased FGF23 levels and increased renal Klotho. In conclusion, strict control of phosphorus intake prevented the increase in FGF23 in renal failure, whereas inflammation independently increased FGF23 values. Decreased Klotho may explain the renal resistance to FGF23 in inflammation. These effects are likely mediated by the activation of NFkB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Hyperglycemia-induced transcriptional regulation of ROCK1 and TGM2 expression is involved in small artery remodeling in obese diabetic Göttingen Minipigs
Authors: Ludvigsen Trine Pagh , Olsen Lisbeth Høier , Pedersen Henrik Duelund , Christoffersen Berit Østergaard , Jensen Lars Jørn 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Obesity and diabetes in humans are associated with hypertrophic remodeling and increased media:lumen ratio of small resistance arteries, which is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. In order to minimize increases in media:lumen ratio, hypertrophic remodeling should be accompanied by outward remodeling. We aimed to investigate the mechanisms of structural remodeling in small pial arteries (PAs) and terminal mesenteric arteries (TMAs) from obese Göttingen Minipigs with or without diabetes. Göttingen Minipigs received either control diet (lean control (LC)), high fat/high fructose/high cholesterol diet (FFC), or FFC diet with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (FFC/STZ) for 13 months. At the end of the study (20 months), we assessed body weight, fasting plasma biochemistry, passive vessel dimensions, mRNA expression (matrix metallopeptidases 2/9 (MMP2, MMP9), tissue inhibitor of metallopeptidase 1 (TIMP1), transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), Rho-kinase 1 (ROCK1), TGFβ-receptor 2 (TGFBR2), and IGF1-receptor (IGFR1) genes), and immunofluorescence in PAs and TMAs. We performed multiple linear correlation analyses using plasma values, structural data, and gene expression data. We detected outward hypertrophic remodeling in TMAs and hypertrophic remodeling in PAs from FFC/STZ animals. ROCK1 and TGM2 genes were up-regulated in PAs and TMAs from the FFC/STZ group. Passive lumen diameter (PLD) of TMAs was correlated with plasma values of glucose (GLU), fructosamine (FRA), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TGs). ROCK1 and TGM2 expressions in TMAs were correlated with PLD, plasma GLU, fructosamine, and TC. ROCK1 and TGM2 proteins were immunolocalized in the media of PAs and TMAs, and their fluorescence levels were increased in the FFC/STZ group. Hyperglycemia/hyperlipidemia is involved in regulation of ROCK1 and TGM2 expression leading to outward remodeling of small resistance arteries in obese diabetic Göttingen Minipigs.
COBRaS: The e-MERLIN 21 cm Legacy survey of Cygnus OB2
Authors: Morford J. C. , Fenech D. M. , Prinja R. K. , Blomme R. , Yates J. A. , Drake J. J. , Eyres S. P. S. , Richards A. M. S. , Stevens I. R. , Wright N. J. , Clark J. S. , Dougherty S. , Pittard J. M. , Smith H. A. , Vink J. S. 
Published: January 2020

Context.The role of massive stars is central to an understanding of galactic ecology. It is important to establish the details of how massive stars provide radiative, chemical, and mechanical feedback in galaxies. Central to these issues is an understanding of the evolution of massive stars, and the critical role of mass loss via strongly structured winds and stellar binarity. Ultimately, and acting collectively, massive stellar clusters shape the structure and energetics of galaxies.Aims.We aim to conduct high-resolution, deep field mapping at 21 cm of the core of the massive Cygnus OB2 association and to characterise the properties of the massive stars and colliding winds at this waveband.Methods.We used seven stations of the e-MERLIN radio facility, with its upgraded bandwidth and enhanced sensitivity to conduct a 21 cm census of Cygnus OB2. Based on 42 hours of observations, seven overlapping pointings were employed over multiple epochs during 2014 resulting in 1σsensitivities down to ∼21μJy and a resolution of ∼180 mas.Results.A total of 61 sources are detected at 21 cm over a ∼0.48° × 0.48° region centred on the heart of the Cyg OB2 association. Of these 61 sources, 33 are detected for the first time. We detect a number of previously identified sources including four massive stellar binary systems, two YSOs, and several known X-ray and radio sources. We also detect the LBV candidate (possible binary system) and blue hypergiant star of Cyg OB2 #12.Conclusions.The 21 cm observations secured in the COBRaS Legacy project provide data to constrain conditions in the outer wind regions of massive stars; determine the non-thermal properties of massive interacting binaries; examine evidence for transient sources, including those associated with young stellar objects; and provide unidentified sources that merit follow-up observations. The 21 cm data are of lasting value and will serve in combination with other key surveys of Cyg OB2, includingChandraandSpitzer.
Bouveret-Syndrom: Der Stein, der den Magen zum Überlaufen bringt
Authors: Hohmann Christian , Bizer Başak , Finnmann Ingo , Arnold Joachim 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Eine 76-jährige Frau stellte sich mit progredienten Oberbauchschmerzen, Übelkeit und nicht galligem Erbrechen vor. Eine Nahrungsaufnahme war seit 1 Woche nicht mehr möglich. 5 Jahre zuvor litt sie an einer biliären nekrotisierenden Pankreatitis. Eine Cholezystektomie wurde damals abgelehnt.
Untersuchungen Der Oberbauch war druckdolent. Sonografisch bestand der Verdacht auf eine Magenausgangsstenose. In der ersten Gastroskopie stellte sich eine Fremdkörperobstruktion im Bereich des Pylorus dar. In einer folgenden Gastroskopie imponierte der Fremdkörper als großer Gallenstein, der sich spontan in den Magenkorpus verlagerte.
Therapie und Verlauf Das Passage-Hindernis war durch die spontane Verlagerung in den Magen behoben. Aufgrund der Größe des Steins erfolgte die mechanische Lithotripsie im Magen mit anschließender Bergung der Fragmente.
Folgerung Das Bouveret-Syndrom ist die seltenste Form eines Gallensteinileus. Die kontrastmittelgestützte Computertomografie ist, neben der Gastroskopie, das zu bevorzugende bildgebende Verfahren. Primäres Ziel aller Interventionen ist die Beseitigung der Obstruktion. Operative Versorgungen darüber hinaus sind Einzelfallentscheidungen. Sie sollten jedoch 2-zeitig erfolgen.
Diagnostik der sekundären Hypertonie: An was ist bei wem zu denken?
Authors: Vonend Oliver 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of arterial hypertension with its cardiovascular diseases like myocardial infarction, stroke, chronic kidney disease and peripheral artery disease is increasing in our aging population. Despite numerous efficient and well-tolerated antihypertensive drugs more than eight million people die worldwide from the consequences of insufficiently controlled hypertension every year. One third of the german adult population suffers from high blood pressure. The fact that in only 50 % of hypertonic patients the blood pressure is on a string is even more disturbing. Several factors can counteract sufficient blood pressure control. This article should help to identify patients with possible secondary hypertension. It is certainly not decisive to request a broad screening for all hypertensive patients. A certain pre-selection of potential patients is mandatory. The most common types of secondary hypertension are discussed and the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways are specified.
Antioxidanzien während Chemotherapie – ein Dogma?
Authors: Gröber Uwe , Friedrichsen Hans-Peter , Holzhauer Peter 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungFreie Radikale haben kanzerogene Eigenschaften und spielen in allen Stadien der Krebsentwicklung eine pathogenetische Rolle. Die chemotherapieinduzierte Bildung freier Radikale wird als Ursache der Organotoxizität und Prämutagenität einiger Zytostatika diskutiert. Studien legen nahe, dass die Supplementierung von Antioxidanzien positiven Einfluss auf die Effektivität tumordestruktiver Therapien und die Nebenwirkungsrate hat. Im Gegensatz dazu wurden in der MARIE-Studie an postmenopausalen Brustkrebspatientinnen bei Einnahme von Antioxidanzien negative Auswirkungen auf Mortalität und Rezidivfreiheit beobachtet. Methodische Schwächen relativieren die Aussagekraft dieser Untersuchung. Weitere Studien mit hoher Patientenzahl und definierten Antioxidanzien sind notwendig, um die Wirkungen einer Supplementierung zu untersuchen.
Diffuse Symptomatik in hysterischem Umfeld nach Shisha-Konsum
Authors: Trach Simon , Gondert Markus , Beneker Jörg , Ekkernkamp Axel 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungVergiftungen durch Kohlenstoffmonoxid (CO) treten in den meisten Fällen im Rahmen von Exposition gegenüber Rauch oder anderen Abgasen auf. Die häufigsten Ursachen hierfür sind unsachgemäßes Verwenden von Öfen oder Grills, akzidentelle oder gewollte Exposition gegenüber Autoabgasen oder Aufenthalt in der Nähe eines Feuers. Zu den ungewöhnlicheren Möglichkeiten der Exposition zählen der Aufenthalt in Gärkellern oder Abwasseranlagen. Die klinische Symptomatik einer CO-Intoxikation ist diffus und selten eindeutig. Hierzu zählen Atemnot, Übelkeit/Erbrechen, Schwindel und Bewusstseinsveränderungen. Dies alles sind Symptome, die bei einer Vielzahl von Erkrankungen auftreten. Zielführend in der Diagnosestellung einer CO-Vergiftung ist die ausführliche Anamnese und die Evaluation der Umgebung. Aufgrund der Aufsättigung von Hämoglobin mit CO werden bei der peripheren Sauerstoffsättigung (SaO2) meist normale Werte angegeben, sodass eine respiratorische Genese der Beschwerden verfrüht als unwahrscheinlich angesehen werden kann. Je nach Schwere der Intoxikation kann das Bewusstsein bis hin zur Bewusstlosigkeit eintrüben. Die einzige außerklinische Therapie besteht in der High-Flow-Applikation von Sauerstoff, um ein möglichst hohes Sauerstoffangebot im Blut zu gewährleisten. Die weitere Therapie besteht in der Behandlung der Begleitumstände bis hin zur Intubation und Beatmung. Bei ausgeprägter Symptomatik sollte nach Möglichkeit eine Zielklinik mit vorhandener Druckkammer zur hyperbaren Sauerstofftherapie angesteuert werden.