bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between radiological severity and physical and mental health in elderly individuals with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Ribeiro Isadora , Coimbra Arlete Maria Valente , Costallat Beatriz Lavras , Coimbra Ibsen Bellini 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between radiological severity, as assessed by the individual grades and grouped grades (grades "0 and 1" and "2 to 4") of the Kellgren-Lawrence scale (K&Ls), and depression symptoms, cognitive loss, risk of falls and quality of life in relation to knee osteoarthritis, as assessed by other instruments. METHODS: Data recorded between 2013 and 2014 in Amparo (São Paulo, Brazil) were retrieved for analysis. A total of 181 elderly patients who had knee osteoarthritis and underwent a radiologic exam were evaluated for depressive symptoms, cognitive loss, quality of life and risk of falls by the geriatric depression scale (GDS), mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), timed up-and-go test (TUG) and Berg balance scale (BBS). For statistical analyses, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's coefficient analysis were used. RESULTS: There was no significant relationship between the scores of the instruments investigated and the individual K&Ls grades. However, when the K&Ls scores were assessed by groups, grades “2 to 4” were associated with the worst WOMAC score and the highest frequency and risk of falls according to the BBS but not according to TUG. For the GDS and MMSE, no significant relationships with the K&Ls grades were found. In addition, the K&Ls grade was correlated with the WOMAC score, regardless of the domain. CONCLUSION: The radiological scores of the Kellgren-Lawrence (K&L) scale were associated with poorer WOMAC and BBS scores only when the K&Ls scores were evaluated in groups, and the WOMAC score was associated with an increase in the radiological grade.
Reliability of Dopamine Transporter PET Measurements with [18F]FE-PE2I in patients with Parkinson´s Disease
Authors: Kerstens Vera S. , Fazio Patrik , Sundgren Mathias , Matheson Granville J. , Franzén Erika , Halldin Christer , Cervenka Simon , Svenningsson Per , Varrone Andrea 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background. Reliable quantification of dopamine transporter (DAT), a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD), is essential for diagnostic purposes as well as for evaluation of potential disease-modifying treatment. Due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and thus lower expected radioligand binding to DAT, higher measurement variability in PD patients might be expected than earlier reproducibility results in healthy controls. Therefore, we aimed to examine the test-retest properties of [18F]FE-PE2I-PET in PD patients. Methods. Nine patients with PD (Hoehn & Yahr stage < 3) were included (men/women: 6/3; mean age 65.2±6.8y). Each patient underwent two [18F]FE-PE2I-PET measurements within 7–28 days. The outcome measure was non-displaceable binding potential generated using wavelet-aided parametric imaging with cerebellum as reference region. We assessed test-retest performance using estimates of reliability and repeatability. Regions for primary analysis were caudate, putamen, ventral striatum, and substantia nigra. Exploratory analysis was performed for functional subdivisions of the striatum. We also compared the more vs. less-affected side.Results. [18F]FE-PE2I showed absolute variability estimates of 5.3–7.6% in striatal regions and 11% in substantia nigra, and ICCs of 0.74—0.97 (median: 0.91). The absolute variability for functional striatal subdivisions was 6.0–9.6% and ICCs of 0.76–0.91 (median: 0.91). The less affected substantia nigra exhibited greater consistency than the more affected side. According to power calculations based on the current sample size, DAT changes of 5–11% in the striatum and 28% in the substantia nigra can be detected with a power of 0.8 (p<0.0125). Conclusion. DAT-PET measurements with [18F]FE-PE2I in PD patients showed good repeatability and reliability. The slightly lower reliability in the substantia nigra in patients may be explained by lower DAT density and smaller anatomical size. Power calculations suggest that [18F]FE-PE2I PET is a suitable marker for longitudinal DAT decline in PD.Trial registration number: EudraCT 2017-003327-29
Comparative study of pine reference genomes reveals transposable element interconnected gene networks
Authors: Voronova Angelika , Rendón-Anaya Martha , Ingvarsson Pär , Kalendar Ruslan , Ruņģis Dainis 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Sequencing the giga-genomes of several pine species belonging to the ancient gymnosperm clade has enabled comparative genomic analyses of these widely distributed outcrossing tree species. Initial sequence studies have revealed the wide distribution and extraordinary diversity of transposable elements (TEs) that occupy the large intergenic spaces. Our previous investigations revealed significant variations of class I TEs within pine subpopulations, but inoculation with pathogen induced correlated expression of TE families in pine seedlings, suggesting TE co-localisation with stress-responsive genes. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of TEs in gene regions of the assembled genomes of Pinus taeda and Pinus lambertiana using high-performance computing resources.Results: The quality of draft genomes and the genome annotation have significant consequences for the investigation of TEs and these aspects are discussed. Several TE families were identified in both species genomes frequently inserted into genes or their flanks. The non-autonomous MITE3321 family found in gene flanking regions and provide TATA boxes, several ARR1, DOF, WRKY and GT-binding sites, which are important signals in plant transcription activation and stress-response regulation. Distribution of MITE3321 across gene non-coding regions suggests action of selective pressure on this sequences and formation of gene sub-networks, depending on the location of MITE insertions. DNA TE DTX184 could potentially form microRNAs or provide its target site, thereby connect about 200 important stress-responsive genes in both pine species. Several retrotransposons propagated in gene regions were also identified, such as Copia-1813 containing important light-responsive regulative sequences, however full- length structures of low-copy-number TEs couldn’t be verified in the current genome assemblies. Only rare gene homologs carried similar insertions, indicating that most transposition events occurred after separation of investigated pine species. Node genes that contain many types of interspersed repeats were identified and observed in multiple potential transposable element associated networks.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the increased accumulation of TEs in the introns of stress-responsive genes of pines and the probability of rewiring them in responsive networks and sub-networks interconnected with node genes containing multiple TEs. Many such regulatory influences could lead to the adaptive environmental response clines that are characteristic of naturally spread pine populations.
Alveolar Neutrophilic Recruitment in COVID-19 May Not be Mediated by Th17 Response
Authors: Azevedo Marina L V , Paula Caroline Busatta Vaz de , Nagashima Seigo , Souza Cleber Machado de , Ribeiro Anna Flavia Miggiolaro , Junior Jarbas Silva Motta , Malaquias Mineia Alessandra Scaranello , Raboni Sonia Mara , Neto Plinio Cezar , Souza Daiane Gavlik de , Baena Cristina Pellegrino , Noronha Lucia de 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 current pandemic disease differs from the H1N1pdm09 caused by Influenza A virus H1N1 subtype, by how it induces a pro-inflammatory response in infected lungs. Objective: Investigate the role of Th17 response in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 injury by analyzing the tissue expression of interleukins 8 and 17A and the neutrophils in lung samples of patients who die of COVID-19, comparing to H1N1pdm09. Study design and post-mortem results: Six lung samples from patients SARS-CoV-2 infected (COVID-19 group), and ten lung samples from adults who died from H1N1pdm09 (H1N1 group), were tested. A control group was also added to the study. H&E slides were used for neutrophils scoring. The tissue expression of IL-8 and IL-17A was identified by immunohistochemistry. Tissue expression increasing of IL-17A and IL-8 and a higher number of neutrophils were identified in samples from the H1N1 group when compared to the COVID-19 group. Discussion: It is suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 virus evokes an exacerbated response of the host's immune system but differs from that observed in the H1N1pdm09 disease because it may not be trigger by Th17 response. With the low expression of IL-8, IL-17A, neutrophil recruitment to the site of infection becomes impaired, resulting in viral persistence. On the other hand, in the COVID-19 disease, the immune response by Th2 cells seems to be exacerbated, observed by the extent of the lung injury. This uncontrolled response and, mainly, the lack of a therapeutic target, culminates in disease progression and, consequently, in shorter survival time.
Depression is closely associated with discoordination between the heart rate variability and physical acceleration in free-moving older women
Authors: Taniguchi Kentaro , Shimouchi Akito , Jinno Naoya , Seiyama Akitoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
We investigated the relationship between psychological distress and the coordination of heart rate variability (HRV) and physical acceleration (PA) during free-moving days in women.
Methods
Ninety-five adult women were divided into younger and older groups. The younger group comprised 50 women (22–59 years), and the older group comprised 45 women (≥ 60 years). HRV and PA data were simultaneously obtained every minute for 24 h during the free-moving day. The ratios of low frequency/high frequency and high frequency in normalized units were used as HRV indices. We defined %Lag0 as the % frequency of the lag = 0 min between HRV and PA in 1 h. The General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ28) was used to evaluate the effects of psychological distress and depression.
Results
In the hour before the night’s sleep, %Lag0 was significantly lower in older women with depression (GHQ28 subscale D) than in older women without depression (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference between %Lag0 and depression status was observed in the hour after waking in older women.
Conclusions
The results suggest that impairments in coordination between HRV and PA are associated with depression in older women, particularly in the hour before a night’s sleep on free-moving days.
The onset of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Gadsby Roger , Ivanova Diana , Trevelyan Emma , Hutton Jane Luise , Johnson Sarah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNausea and vomiting are experienced by most women during pregnancy. The onset is usually related to Last Menstrual Period (LMP) the date of which is often unreliable. This study describes the time to onset of nausea and vomiting symptoms from date of ovulation and compares this to date of last menstrual periodMethodsProspective cohort of women seeking to become pregnant, recruited from 12 May 2014 to 25 November 2016, in the United Kingdom. Daily diaries of nausea and vomiting were kept by 256 women who were trying to conceive. The main outcome measure is the number of days from last men­strual period (LMP) or luteinising hormone surge until onset of nausea or vomiting.ResultsAlmost all women (88\%) had Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin rise within 8 to 10 days of ovulation; the equivalent interval from LMP was 20 to 30 days. Many (67\%) women experience symp­toms within 11 to 20 days of ovulation.ConclusionsOnset of nausea and vomiting occurs earlier than previously reported and there is a narrow window for onset of symptoms. This indicates that its etiology is associated with a specific developmental stage at the fetal-maternal interface.Trial registrationNCT01577147
Mathematical temporal prediction of CD4+ lymphocytes in HIV/AIDS patients in antiretroviral treatment
Authors: Rodríguez Javier , Prieto Signed E. , Pérez Carlos E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The measurement of CD4 + lymphocyte count through flow cytometry, is necessary for the following up of HIV-infected patients in antiretroviral therapy, however, populations in low-income countries are limited to this test. For this, values of leukocytes and CD4 + lymphocytes counts greater than 500, between 200 and 500 and lesser than 200 cells were taken from 250 HIV-infected individuals in sequential dates up to three years. Then, temporal series of 12 prototypical patients were analyzed in search of predictive patterns between CD4 + lymphocytes and leukocytes, and then, these patterns were applied with the remaining data in a blind study in order to calculate the probability of success of the methodology for each range and its combinations, as well as sensitivity and specificity values.Results: Five patterns with predictive percentages greater than 99% were found for the distinct conditions of the methodology, with sensitivity and specificity values of 99%.Conclusions: A predictive theoretical simplification was achieved between leukocytes counts and CD4 + lymphocytes. This method could be useful to improve the surveillance and survival of HIV-infected individuals in low-income countries where flow cytometry cannot be afforded.
An Inexpensive Retrospective Standard Setting Method Based on Item Facilities
Authors: McLachlan John C , Robertson K. Alex , Weller Bridget , Sawdon Marina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundStandard setting is one of the most challenging aspects of assessment in high-stakes healthcare settings. The Angoff methodology is widely used, but poses a number of challenges, including conceptualisation of the just-passing candidate, and the time-cost of implementing the method. Cohen methodologies are inexpensive and rapid but rely on the performance of an individual candidate. A new method of standard setting, based on the entire cohort and every item, would be valuable. MethodsWe identified Borderline candidates by reviewing their performance across all assessments in an academic year. We plotted the item scores of the Borderline candidates in comparison with Facility for the whole cohort and fitted curves to the resulting distribution. ResultsWe propose that for any given Item, an equation of the form y ≈ C.eFxwhere y is the Facility of Borderline candidates on that Item, x is the observed Item Facility of the whole cohort, and C and F are constants, predicts the probable Facility for Borderline candidates over the test, in other words, the cut score for Borderline candidates. We describe ways of estimating C and F in any given circumstance, and suggest typical values arising from this particular study: that C = 12.3 and F = 0.021.ConclusionsWe propose that C and F are relatively stable, and that the equation y = 12.3.e0.021xcan rapidly be applied to the item Facility for every item. The average value represents the cut score for the assessment as a whole. This represents a novel retrospective method based on test takers. Compared to the Cohen method which draws on one score and one candidate, this method draws on all items and candidates in a test. It can be used to standard set a whole test, or a particular item where the predicted Angoff score is very different from the observed Facility.
A combination of clinical study and Network Pharmacology approach to explore the efficacy and mechanism of Buxue Yimu Pills on gynecological anemia
Authors: Wang Yanfang , Deng Yan , Ma Ruilin , Liu Dong , Luo Bin , Wang Xue , Deng Miao , Sun Aijun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Iron supplement is the first-line treatment for gynecological anemia (GA). However, its performance is limited by common gastrointestinal reactions and some inadequate responses. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history in the treatment of gynecological conditions but has been restricted by limited high-quality research, unknown bioactive ingredients, and mechanisms.
Objectives

These studies aim to compare the clinical efficacy of Buxue Yimu Pills (BYP),ferrous sulfate, and the addition of BYP to ferrous sulfate on GA through oral administration, and to investigate the mechanisms of BYP using network pharmacology approach.
Design:

Prospective, open-label, comparative, randomized, multicenter clinical trial.
Setting:
Gynecology departments in three public hospitals.
Patients:

170 patients with hemoglobin of 70–110 g/L were recruited and randomized into three groups: BYP group, oral iron group, and combined BYP & oral iron group. After a four-week treatment, the complete blood count (CBC) along with the markers for iron metabolism were determined for 138 patients. Furthermore, network pharmacology was performed to identify the active ingredients and potential mechanisms of BYP.
Results

While iron-treated groups showed elevated hemoglobin in accompany with significant changes in iron metabolism biomarkers, the BYP group exhibited hemoglobin improvement without apparent changes in iron metabolism markers. The network pharmacology identified 27 bioactive compounds and 145 targets of BYP on GA. A number of biological processes and pathways were identified, including regulation of inflammation, regulation of steroid hormone, angiogenesis and hemostasis, response to decreased oxygen levels, effects on myeloma cell, and response to metal ions.
Conclusions

BYP contributes to the practical improvement of gynecological anemia potentially through multi-target mechanisms independent from increasing hemopoietic raw material-iron.
Managing the Difficult Airway: A Survey of Doctors With Different Seniority in China
Authors: Liu Hui hui , Wang Yong , Zhong Ming , Li Yu hui , Gao Huan , Zhang jian feng , Ma wu hua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Although equipment and human resources are vital elements of difficult airway management (DAM), But the approach and practice of DAM are more important. So, We conducted the present survey to address anesthesiologists who of different working years in this knowledge gaps.Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from October 27, 2016 to November 27,2016. The survey was completed online in New Youth Anesthesia Forum including: DAM assesment, anticipated and unanticipated DAM, difficult airway algorithm, used of front of neck access (FONA) technique and training, DAM outside the OR and difficult extubation management. Results: We received 1935 replies (44%). Mouth opening and Mallampati classification were the most commonly methods to evaluate difficult airways. When suffer to unanticipated DA 63% less than 10 years anesthesiologists(LA) and 65% more than 10 years anesthesiologists (MA) would ask for help after trying 1-2 times (P=0.000). More than 70% of LA and MA respondents reported preferreing cannula cricothyrotomy to deal with emergency airway, 507 (41.6%) MA respondents reported that they used FONA techniques to save patients' lives (P=0.000). Nearly 70% respondents worried full stomach when intubated outside OR and more than 80% respondents selected auscultation to identify the placement. More than 80% respondents had not used Bougie to assist extubation. 73.2% respondents know ABS algorithm and 96.4% know Chinese airway expert consensus among MA respondents, this was significant to LA respondents(P=0.000).Conclusions: The respondents in the LA and MA have a training-gap in their evaluation of difficult airway, trained and used of FONA emergency skills, facilicated of the airway guidelines at home and abroad. Also, We should provide more airway theory and skill training to our young doctors to advanced airway skills.
Assessment of irreducible aspects in developmental hip dysplasia by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Jia Huihui , Wang Liang , Chang Yan , Song Yongrui , Liu Yuqi , Zhang Fuyong , Feng Jie , Yang Xiaodong , Sheng Mao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We aimed to assess the diagnostic capability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for irreducible aspects preventing hip reduction in developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH). With pathological results or intraoperative findings as the gold standard, the sensitivity and specificity of MRI were 90.3% and 83.3% for the affected labrum, 92% and 83.3% for thickening of the round ligament, 90.0% and 91.3% for atrophy of the iliopsoas muscle, and 100% and 100% for fibrofatty pulvinar tissue and joint effusion, respectively. The MRI showed an extraordinary capability of detecting these irreducible factors and helped surgeon choose the appropriate treatment strategies.
Annual fractional exhaled nitric oxide measurements and exacerbations in severe asthma: a multicenter observational cohort study
Authors: Abe Yuki , Suzuki Masaru , Kimura Hirokazu , Shimizu Kaoruko , Makita Hironi , Nishimura Masaharu , Konno Satoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) reflects eosinophilic inflammation of the airways. However, the significance of longitudinal assessment of FeNO, including its variability, in the clinical course of severe asthma remains unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the association between long-term changes in FeNO and the development of exacerbations in severe asthma.Methods: Among the severe asthma patients enrolled in the Hokkaido Severe Asthma Cohort Study, 100 patients with severe asthma who completed a 3-year follow-up in which FeNO was measured annually were included. According to the FeNO level at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years, the patients were classified into three groups: the sustained high group (≥50 ppb at all three visits), the sustained low group (<25 ppb at all three visits), and the intermediate group (other). Subjects in the intermediate group were further classified into two groups based on the median value of the coefficient of variation (CV) of FeNO during the 3 years (high CV and low CV intermediate groups). Results: The sustained high group experienced shorter exacerbation-free survival and more frequent exacerbations than the sustained low group (median number of exacerbation events, 3 vs. 0, p = 0.01). In the intermediate group, the high CV group experienced shorter exacerbation-free survival than the low CV group, and the CV of FeNO was an independent contributing factor to the development of exacerbations.Conclusion: Persistence of FeNO above 50 ppb over the years as well as the presence of large variations in FeNO levels were associated with the development of exacerbations in patients with severe asthma.