bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotion regulation strategies explain associations of theta and Beta with positive affect
Authors: Abid Arooj , Hamrick Hannah C. , Mach Russell J. , Hager Nathan M. , Judah Matt R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMaladaptive emotion regulation (ER) strategies are a transdiagnostic construct in psychopathology. ER depends on cognitive control, so brain activity associated with cognitive control, such as frontal theta and beta, may be a factor in ER. This study investigated the association of theta and beta power with positive affect and whether emotion regulation strategies explain this association. One hundred and twenty‐one undergraduate students (mean age = 20.74, SD = 5.29; 73% women) completed self‐report questionnaires, including the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Spectral analysis was performed on resting state frontal electroencephalogram activity that was collected for eight 1‐min periods of alternating open and closed eyes. Relative beta and theta band power were extracted relative to global field power at frontal channels. Regression analysis revealed that positive affect is significantly predicted by theta power (β = 0.24, p = .007) and beta power (β = −0.33, p < .0001). There was an indirect effect of beta power on positive affect via reappraisal, but not suppression. Additionally, theta power significantly predicted suppression, but no indirect effect was observed between theta power and positive affect. These findings are consistent with a prior study reporting a positive and negative relationship between theta and beta power, respectively, and positive affect induction. This study elucidates how modulation of theta and beta bands link to ER strategies.
Solo Journeys: Understanding the Influence of Transnational Sexualities on LGBTQ+ Single Living Arrangements
Authors: Ghosh Apoorva 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the role of transnational sexualities—referring to how sexual identities and relationships are influenced by cross‐border movements and contexts—in shaping LGBTQ+ single living arrangements. By analyzing interdisciplinary literature, personal narratives, and empirical research, it examines how cultural, legal, and social dynamics influence singlehood across borders. Key factors include the impact of legal and socio‐cultural disparities, migration‐related instability, discrimination, and the pursuit of privacy and autonomy. The study also highlights the roles of financial independence and digital networks in facilitating single living. By exploring the connections between transnational sexualities, identity, and singlehood, this research provides fresh insights into LGBTQ+ living arrangements within a globally mobile and culturally diverse context.
Costs of colorectal cancer screening in Sweden: an observational, longitudinal cost description
Authors: Johansson Naimi , Nystrand Camilla , Blom Johannes 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveColorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes have been implemented worldwide, but the evidence of the economic consequences of screening programmes relies on data from short-term trials. The aim of this paper was to describe the costs of CRC screening in a population-based screening programme, using administrative real-world data. Specifically, we aimed to estimate the annual costs of the screening programme and the total costs of the full programme over five consecutive screening rounds.MethodsThe CRC screening programme of Stockholm-Gotland, Sweden, targeted all resident men and women aged 60–69 years for biennial screening. The screening strategy was faecal occult blood testing (FOBT) sent to individuals’ home addresses, with a positive test result leading to an invitation to diagnostic colonoscopy. The cost description was conducted with a retrospective, bottom-up costing design from a healthcare perspective using (1) a prevalence-based approach and (2) an incidence-based approach, with two different study samples.ResultsAnnual healthcare costs were estimated using a sample of 124 608 individuals who were affected by the screening programme in 2017. Annual healthcare costs of the screening programme summed up to €273 758 per 10 000 people, equivalent to €27.4 per eligible individual. The sum of costs for colonoscopy procedures was more than two times as high as the costs for FOBT. The costs of the full screening programme were estimated using a cohort of 92 689 individuals who were invited to five consecutive rounds of screening between 2009 and 2021. Total healthcare costs over five screening rounds were €960 654 per 10 000 people, equivalent to €96.1 per individual.ConclusionThe costs of diagnostic colonoscopies for a minority of participants were driving the costs of the CRC screening programme. The ongoing population-based screening programme and high-quality individual level data with long-term follow-up provide the opportunity to thoroughly describe the costs of CRC screening.
Effect of integrating paediatric tuberculosis services into child healthcare services on case detection in Africa: the INPUT stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Denoeud-Ndam Lise , Tchounga Boris Kevin , Masaba Rose , Herrera Nicole , Machekano Rhoderick , Siamba Stephen , Ouma Millicent , Petnga Saint Just , Simo Leonie , Tchendjou Patrice , Bissek Anne Cécile , Okomo Gordon Odhiambo , Casenghi Martina , Tiam Appolinaire 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionPaediatric tuberculosis (TB) underdiagnosis is a critical concern. The INPUT stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial assessed the impact of integrating child TB services into child healthcare on TB case detection among children under age 5 years.MethodsWe compared the standard of care, providing TB care in specific TB clinics (control phase), with the Catalysing Paediatric TB Innovations (CaP-TB) intervention, integrating TB services across all child health services (intervention phase). 12 clusters in Cameroon and Kenya transitioned from the standard of care to the intervention at randomly assigned times. Children with presumptive TB were enrolled after obtaining their parents’ consent and were followed throughout TB diagnostic procedures and treatment. Study outcomes included the rate of children with presumptive TB receiving TB investigations and that of children diagnosed with TB (the primary outcome was case detection), per thousand children under 5 years attending facilities. Generalised linear mixed Poisson models estimated the intervention’s effect as adjusted rate ratios (aRR) and associated 95% CIs. Ad hoc country-stratified analyses were conducted.ResultsDuring control and intervention phases, respectively, 121 909 and 109 614 children under 5 years attended paediatric entry points, 133 (1.1 per thousand) and 610 (5.6 per thousand) children with presumptive TB received TB investigations, and 79 and 74 were diagnosed with TB, corresponding to a case detection rate of 0.64 and 0.68 per thousand, respectively. CaP-TB significantly increased TB investigations in both countries overall (aRR=3.9, 95% CI 2.4 to 5.4), and in each. Overall, TB case detection was not statistically different between intervention and control (aRR 1.32, 95% CI 0.66 to 2.61, p=0.43). Country-stratified analysis revealed a 10-fold increase (aRR 9.75, 95% CI 1.04 to 91.84, p=0.046) in case detection with CaP-TB in Cameroon and no significant effect in Kenya (aRR 0.94, 95% CI 0.44 to 2.01, p=0.88).ConclusionCaP-TB increased TB investigations in both study countries and markedly enhanced TB case detection in one, underlining integrated TB services' potential to address paediatric TB underdiagnosis.
Onset of age, site and respiratory symptoms are strongly associated with respiratory decline in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a long-term longitudinal study
Authors: Terao Shin-ichi , Nosaki Yasunobu , Murao Atsunori , Torii Ryota , Ogawa Nanayo , Miura Naofumi , Sasaki Yousuke , Sobue Gen 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to identify factors influencing progression of respiratory decline from the onset of neurological symptoms to respiratory failure in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsIn 100 patients with sporadic ALS, %vital capacity (%VC) was continuously measured from the first visit to the respiratory endpoint (REP). Cox proportional hazards model identified factors influencing the duration from onset of ALS to REP (Onset-REP). We performed Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis for onset-REP according to identified factors.ResultsOnset sites were the upper limb (U-ALS), lower limb (L-ALS), bulbar paralysis (B-ALS) and respiratory paralysis (R-ALS) in 37, 19, 32 and 12 patients, respectively. Duration from the onset of ALS to the onset of respiratory symptoms (Onset-Rp) and REP (Onset-REP) was 16.1 (SD 12.1) and 24.9 months (SD 14.6), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that age at onset, site of onset, Onset-Rp and %VC decline rate significantly influenced Onset-REP duration. Elderly patients had a significantly shorter Onset-REP duration. Onset-REP duration did not significantly differ between patients with U-ALS and L-ALS, but was longer in these patients than in those with B-ALS and R-ALS. Onset-REP duration was positively associated with Onset-Rp duration. The average monthly %VC decline rate was −5.6% (SD 3.3). Age at onset, onset site and Onset-Rp duration significantly influenced the %VC decline rate.ConclusionsOur findings revealed strong and independent patient-specific factors that influence the Onset-REP duration and the %VC decline rate in patients with ALS. These could inform future clinical trials and interventions considering the respiratory function and natural history of patients with ALS.
Systemic intravenous thrombolysis and spinal stroke: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Bishara Haya , Bloch Sivan 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundSpinal cord infarction (SCI) is associated with poor clinical outcome. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is a well-established treatment for cerebral ischaemic stroke. However, its efficacy in SCI is unknown.ObjectiveWe present a case of acute spinal cord ischaemia with significant improvement following thrombolysis and review the current literature to explore the safety and feasibility of this treatment.MethodsWe reviewed the literature for cases of SCI that were treated with IVT. We reviewed their medical history, clinical presentation and the reported outcome.ResultsOther than our case, our review includes 19 cases of SCI treated with IVT. Their mean age was 62.87±15.27 and 36% of them were women. Most of the cases were spontaneous and treated within 240 min of onset. Favourable outcome was achieved in 89% of cases, including the few cases treated within extended time window. No clinical worsening due to haemorrhage was reported in either case.ConclusionsIVT may be considered in certain settings as treatment for SCI following the appropriate work-up. Favourable outcome was achieved in most cases and no case experienced clinical worsening due to post-thrombolysis haemorrhage. Safety and efficacy of this approach need further investigation.
Facilitators, barriers and acceptability of malaria reactive surveillance and response strategies in Vietnam: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Xuan Thang Nguyen , Win Han Oo ­ , Htike Win , Thi Van Anh Ngo , Duc Thang Ngo , Son Ha Dinh , Thi Luan Bui , Tuan Anh Vu , Ha Nam Nguyen , May Chan Oo  , Kaung Myat Thu  , Kaung Myat Khant  , Ei Phyu Htwe  , Aye Tun Nilar , O'Flaherty Katherine , Agius Paul A , Fowkes Freya J I 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionVietnam has achieved significant reductions in its malaria caseload over the past decades and is progressing towards malaria elimination. To achieve malaria elimination, the Vietnam Ministry of Health issued Guidelines for Malaria Surveillance and Prevention, a surveillance guide that describes malaria reactive surveillance and response (RASR) strategies—its implementation—is yet to be evaluated. Here, the facilitators, barriers and acceptability of the implementation of RASR strategies in Vietnam are explored and discussed thoroughly to provide recommendations for improvement of RASR strategies.MethodsA mixed-methods study was conducted in Binh Thuan and Phu Yen Provinces in Vietnam from November 2021 to April 2022 including quantitative surveys with health stakeholders and staff (n=36) and frontline health service providers (n=38), qualitative focus group discussions with frontline health service providers and mobile migrant populations (n=70) and semistructured in-depth interview with health stakeholders and staff (n=28). Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed descriptively and thematically.ResultsVietnam’s health system supports RASR strategies, and the RASR implementation data are well captured in the electronic communicable disease surveillance system of the Ministry of Health. Overall, RASR strategies are acceptable to both stakeholders and community members. However, successful implementation of RASR strategies is hindered by declining community interest in malaria elimination programme and limitations of infrastructure, budget, human resources, and terrain difficulties.ConclusionsOverall health system support and policy commitment are key to successful implementation of RASR strategies and therefore for achieving malaria elimination. Despite high-performance and well-accepted RASR strategies, more financial and human resource investments are warranted to investigate and respond to all malaria foci in time. Village health workers could be used effectively to engage community members and mobile migrant populations in RASR activities.
Assessing diagnostic accuracy of intravascular imaging for functionally significant coronary stenosis: updated findings from a meta-analysis
Authors: D'Ascenzo Fabrizio , Improta Riccardo , Giacobbe Federico , Di Pietro Gianluca , Zugna Daniela , Siliano Stefano , Gatti Marco , Bruno Francesco , Kakuta Tsunekazu , Tahk Seung-Jea , Pawlowski Tomasz , Burzotta Francesco , Faletti Riccardo , Sardella Gennaro , Deferrari Gaetano Maria , Mancone Massimo , De Filippo Ovidio 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAccurate discrimination of functionally significant coronary stenosis using intravascular imaging remains uncertain, particularly with regard to vessel size. This meta-analysis evaluates the diagnostic performance of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) for identifying functionally significant coronary stenosis as confirmed by fractional flow reserve (FFR).MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar identified studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of IVUS and OCT by minimal luminal area (MLA) with FFR as the reference standard. Sensitivity and specificity were analysed across different vessel diameters including left main coronary artery (LM) lesions. Hierarchical models estimated the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity and specificity.Results31 studies involving 4039 patients and 4413 lesions were analysed. For IVUS, a median MLA threshold of 2.9 mm² (IQR: 2.6–3.2) predicted significant lesions, yielding an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76. In vessels≥3 mm, this threshold increased to 3.0 mm² (IQR: 2.7–3.1) with an AUC of 0.76 while in smaller vessels it decreased to 2.6 mm² (IQR: 2.4–2.7) with an AUC of 0.79. For LM lesions, the median threshold was 6.0 mm² (IQR: 4.9–6.2) with an AUC of 0.88. OCT demonstrated a median threshold of 2.0 mm² (IQR: 1.7–2.3) and an AUC of 0.82 with better performance in larger vessels (≥3 mm, median 3.0 mm², AUC 0.87) than in smaller ones (<3 mm, median 1.8 mm², AUC 0.75).ConclusionsIVUS and OCT show moderate diagnostic accuracy for identifying functionally significant coronary stenosis with OCT providing improved accuracy in vessels≥3 mm. IVUS is more accurate in assessing LM lesions, suggesting that vessel size should guide modality selection.PROSPERO registration numberCRD 42024514538.
Leucocyte telomere length and conduction system ageing
Authors: van Duijvenboden Stefan , Nelson Christopher P , Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , Ramirez Julia , Orini Michele , Wang Qingning , Aung Nay , Codd Veryan , Stoma Svetlana , Allara Elias , Wood Angela M , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Danesh John , Harvey Nicholas C , Petersen Steffen E , Munroe Patricia B , Samani Nilesh J 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundDeterioration of the cardiac conduction system is an important manifestation of cardiac ageing. Cellular ageing is accompanied by telomere shortening and telomere length (TL) is often regarded as a marker of biological ageing, potentially adding information regarding conduction disease over and above chronological age. We therefore sought to evaluate the association between leucocyte telomere length (LTL) on two related, but distinct aspects of the cardiac conduction system: ECG measures of conduction (PR interval and QRS duration) and incident pacemaker implantation in a large population-based cohort.MethodsIn the UK Biobank, we measured PR interval and QRS duration from signal-averaged ECG waveforms in 59 868 and 62 266 participants, respectively. Incident pacemaker implantation was ascertained using hospital episode data from 420 071 participants. Associations with LTL were evaluated in (Cox) multivariable regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders. Putative causal effects of LTL were investigated by mendelian randomisation (MR).ResultsMean PR interval and QRS duration were 144.2 ms (± 20.4) and 92.3 ms (± 7.8), respectively, and there were 7169 (1.7%) incident pacemaker implantations, during a median follow-up period of 13.6 (IQR 1.5) years. LTL was significantly associated with PR interval (0.19 ms (95% CI: 0.03 to 0.35), per 1 SD shorter LTL, p=0.021), but not QRS duration. After adjusting for age, sex and cardiovascular risk factors, shorter LTL remained associated with an increased risk for incident pacemaker implantation (HR per SD decrease in LTL: 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.06), p=0.012). MR analysis showed a trend towards an association of shorter LTL with longer PR interval and higher risk of pacemaker implantation but was likely to be underpowered.ConclusionsShorter LTL was significantly, and possibly causally, associated with prolongation of atrioventricular conduction and pacemaker implantation, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Our findings support further research to explore the role of ageing on cardiac conduction beyond chronological age.
Flow-diverting stents for the treatment of unruptured distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms: analysis of the CRETA Registry
Authors: Scarcia Luca , Clarençon Frédéric , Dmytriw Adam A , Shotar Eimad , Premat Kevin , Jabbour Pascal , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I , Gooch Reid , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Ntoulias Nikolaos , Sporns Peter B , Puri Ajit S , Singh Jasmeet , Kuhn Anna Luisa , Hassan Ameer E , Algin Oktay , Möhlenbruch Markus A , Hohenstatt Sophia , Russo Riccardo , Bergui Mauro , Goren Oded , Kole Matthew J , Bankole Nourou Dine Adeniran , Bibi Richard , Boulouis Gregoire , Morimoto Takeshi , Sakakibara Fumihiro , Pop Raoul , Juravle Ciprian , Ho Joanna WK , Ferrario Angel , Pujol Lereis Virginia , Cooper Jared , Gandhi Chirag D , Salsano Giancarlo , Castellan Lucio , Camilli Arianna , Consoli Arturo , Sgreccia Alessandro , Raz Eytan , Chung Charlotte , Burel Julien , Papagiannaki Chrysanthi , Rasheed Umair , Baqir Hassan Khawaja Muhammad , Hong Tao , Ji Zhe , Rautio Riitta , Sinislao Matias , Ruggiero Maria , Lafe Elvis , Da Ros Valerio , Bellini Luigi , Gabrieli Joseph D , Cester Giacomo , Levitt Michael R , Carroll Kate T , Abecassis Zack A , Caragliano Antonio Armando , Vinci Sergio L , Bellanger Guillaume , Cognard Christophe , Marnat Gaultier , Saleille Lisa , Limbucci Nicola , Capasso Francesco , Piano Mariangela , Rollo Claudia , Guedon Alexis , Arpaia Francesco , Romi Andrea , Di Caterino Fortunato , Biondi Alessandra , Kalsoum Erwah , Mykola Vyval , Guenego Adrien , Patel Aman B , Pereira Vitor M , Pedicelli Alessandro , Alexandre Andrea Maria 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundData about the safety and the efficacy of flow diversion for distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms are limited. We present the largest multicenter analysis evaluating the outcomes of flow diversion in unruptured DACA aneurysm treatment.MethodsDatabases from 39 centers were retrospectively reviewed for unruptured DACA aneurysms treated with flow-diverting stents. Demographics, clinical presentation, radiographic characteristics, procedural complications, and outcomes were assessed.ResultsA total of 168 patients with 168 unruptured DACA aneurysms were treated between January 2018 and December 2022. One hundred and twenty-five were women (74.4%) and the median age was 61 (IQR 52–67) years. The most common morphology was saccular (91.7%), with branch involvement in 61.9% of cases. Median parent vessel diameter was 1.9 mm (IQR 1.7–2.2) and stents were successfully deployed in 99.4% of cases. In 96.4% a single stent was implanted, while 3.6% of cases required two stents. Median imaging follow-up was 16.5 (IQR 7–24) months. At last follow-up the rate of occlusion (O’Kelly–Marotta scale C or D) was 82.1%. Symptomatic thromboembolic or hemorrhagic complications occurred in 5.3% of patients and the mortality rate was 0.6%. The rate of retreatment was 1.2%.ConclusionsFlow-diverting stents are a reasonably safe and effective treatment option for unruptured DACA aneurysms.
Post-traumatic stress disorder in the Australian Defence Force: estimating prevalence from defence electronic health system records
Authors: Wallace Duncan , Heffernan E , Meurk C , McKay D , Jones C N 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in serving members of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) in the year 2015–2016.MethodsThe electronic health records of serving members of the ADF were screened for the term PTSD over a 12-month period. A 10% sample of these records were examined alongside a randomised matched sample of records. Each record was reviewed by two psychiatrists to verify a diagnosis of PTSD from the file.ResultsThe rates of documented PTSD in health records were lower than expected. 802 serving members were identified with clinically diagnosed PTSD during 2015–2016 year, and the prevalence was 0.96%. The rate was higher, 1.33%, when reserve members were excluded. The sample was predominantly of male, non-commissioned officers with the Army having the highest rate of PTSD of the three services.ConclusionsIn this review of a sample of regular and reserve ADF member’s electronic health records, a lower-than-expected prevalence of documented PTSD was found. This finding was of particular interest given findings from previous research that the prevalence of PTSD was likely to be higher. Possible explanations for this finding included the role of stigma in delaying or minimising presentations due to fear of adverse impact on career, possible bias in recording of diagnosis and delayed-onset PTSD.