bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scattering of quantum fields by a MOG black hole
Authors: Sporea Ciprian A. 
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to investigate the scattering of fermions by spherically symmetric MOG black holes, which are a type of black holes encountered in scalar–tensor–vector modified gravitational theories. After determining the scattering modes in this black hole geometry, we apply the partial wave method to compute analytical expressions for the phase shifts that enter into the definition of scattering amplitudes. An analysis of the influence of the MOG parameter [Formula: see text] on the differential scattering cross-section and the induced polarization is conducted. Also, a comparison with Schwarzschild scattering (for which [Formula: see text]) is performed. Furthermore, it is also shown that glory and spiral/orbiting scattering are more significant for higher values of the free parameter [Formula: see text].
Δοκιµάζω in 1 Corinthians 11:28–29 within the Ancient Mediterranean Context
Authors: Suh Michael K.W. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In 1 Corinthians 11:28–29, Paul refers to the need for a person “to examine” (δοκιµάζω) oneself and “to discern” (διακρίνω) the body prior to participating in the meal. These are important terms and yet modern scholarship fails to provide a convincing explanation of Paul’s language. This article considers the use of these terms within the ancient Mediterranean, and more specifically, Greek, context as relevant background material to understand why Paul adopts this language in this section of 1 Corinthians. It will then explicate the import of this language in understanding Paul’s rhetoric in the broader section of the letter that is 1 Cor 11:17–34.
The Rhetoric of Empathy in Hebrews
Authors: Lee Chee-Chiew 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study examines how the author of Hebrews uses the motif of empathy to achieve his rhetorical goals and it demonstrates that, in line with the use of exemplars and pathos in Greco-Roman and Jewish rhetoric, the author not only cites exemplars of empathy for emulation, he also arouses his audience’s empathy as a catalyst to induce them to help fellow believers who are suffering due to their faith in Christ. These rhetorical effects are key to not only maintaining the individual’s faithfulness to God, but also creating community support for maintaining each other’s faithfulness to God when facing persecution.
Canadian Banking Stability through the Global Financial Crisis of 2007–8
Authors: McCormack Geoffrey 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
One of the leading explanations for Canadian banking stability through the global financial crisis of 2007–08 is the Concentration-Stability Hypothesis (CSH), according to which the oligopoly of Canadian finance stabilised the credit system by cushioning it with above-average profits. These provided a buffer against fragility and incentives against excessive risk-taking. In this article, I critically examine CSH and show that classical Marxian analysis more effectively illuminates Canadian banking stability. I demonstrate that robust corporate profitability and capital accumulation before the crisis strengthened the balance sheets of the banks and supported them through those turbulent years. Thus, financial stability is linked explicitly to broader economic stability, and the latter is linked to the profitability of business enterprise.
The Afterlives of the Archons: Gnostic Literalism and Embodied Paranoia in Twenty-First Century Conspiracy Theory
Authors: Dillon Matthew 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article analyzes the reception of the ancient Gnostic archons, or rulers, in contemporary conspiracy theories. In the classical Gnostic myth these nefarious beings rule the cosmos, mold primordial matter into a prison for Adam and Eve, and blind the Elect to their divine nature. These archons send cataclysms to earth and serve as celestial gatekeepers that keep the divine light trapped in their creation. Contemporary conspiracy theorists such as John Lamb Lash, David Icke, and Carol Reimer read the archons not as allegories or metaphors, but as real beings at work in contemporary politics, media and religion. Utilizing Michael Barkun’s concept of “superconspiracies,” this article examines how conspiracists Lash, Icke, and Reimer weave disparate conspiratorial discourses together through the classical Gnostic myth. The article concludes that the vast gulf between the anticosmic and anthropic dualism of the classical myth and the generally pro-cosmic and humanist thrust of modern esoterica leads these authors into paradoxical understands of cosmos, mind and eschatology.
Calculation of Winds Induced Bottom Wave Orbital Velocity Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition Method
Authors: Bian Changwei , Liu Xiaolei , Zhou Zhou , Chen Zhixing , Wang Tao , Gu Yanzhen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAccurate bottom wave orbital velocity (BWOV) calculation is important for understanding critical dynamic processes (e.g., turbulent mixing, sediment transport) at the bottom boundary layer of the oceans. Here we first use the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method to calculate BWOV and evaluate its performance by comparing with two conventional methods (spectra and velocity methods) using field measurements collected from an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV). The results suggest that BWOVs calculated by the EMD method were well correlated (R2 ≥ 0.97) to the results by the other two methods but with a few percent discrepancies. Under strong wavy conditions, BWOVs from the EMD method were 8% and 6% smaller than those from the spectra and velocity methods, respectively. Under weak wavy conditions, BWOVs from the EMD method were 14% and 11% smaller than those from the spectra and velocity methods, respectively. Statistical distributions of BWOV suggest that the EMD method calculated instantaneous BWOVs and BWOV amplitudes closely matched the Gaussian and Rayleigh distributions, respectively. Uncertainty analysis suggests that the EMD method was capable of calculating the most accurate BWOVs among the three methods. While the spectra and velocity methods can provide robust BWOV estimation, they cannot completely avoid the errors caused by wave-unrelated motions and instrumental noise.
Facial Schwannoma Management Outcomes: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Bartindale Matthew , Heiferman Jeffrey , Joyce Cara , Anderson Douglas , Leonetti John 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate facial nerve outcomes of various management strategies for facial schwannomas by assimilating individualized patient data from the literature to address controversies in management.Data SourcesPubMed–National Center for Biotechnology Information and Scopus databases.Review MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed for studies regarding facial schwannomas. Studies were included if they presented patient‐level data, type of intervention, pre‐ and postintervention House‐Brackmann (HB) grades, and tumor location by facial nerve segment.ResultsIndividualized data from 487 patients were collected from 31 studies. Eighty (16.4%) facial schwannomas were managed with observation, 25 (5.1%) with surgical decompression, 20 (4.1%) with stereotactic radiosurgery, 225 (46.2%) with total resection, and 137 (28.1%) with subtotal resection/stripping surgery. Stripping surgery/subtotal resection with good preoperative facial nerve function maintained HB grade 1 or 2 in 96% of cases. With a total resection of intradural tumors, preoperative HB grade did not significantly affect facial nerve outcome (n = 45, P =. 46). However, a lower preoperative HB grade was associated with a better facial nerve outcome with intratemporal tumors (n = 56, P =. 009). When stereotactic radiosurgery was performed, 40% of patients had improved, 35% were stable, and 25% had worsened facial function. Facial nerve decompression rarely affected short‐term facial nerve status.ConclusionThe data from this study help delineate which treatment strategies are best in which clinical scenarios. The findings can be used to develop a more definitive management algorithm for this complicated pathology.
A simple tourniquet technique for bleeding control after percutaneous hemodialysis fistula and graft interventions
Authors: Lai Qiquan , Zhang Hui , Chen Bo , Gao Xuejing , Chen Ling , Tu Bo , Li Baifei , Hu Bo , He Fan , Xu Yong , Wan Ziming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The purse-string suture has been widely used for bleeding control after percutaneous interventions through arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and graft (AVG), and it requires suture removal the next day. This study aimed to introduce a simple method using a tourniquet to facilitate hemostasis following AVF or AVG sheath removal after percutaneous procedures.

Methods
Data were retrospectively collected and included all the consecutive patients who received bleeding control with a tourniquet after percutaneous AVF or AVG interventions. Hemostasis was facilitated using the tourniquet technique after sheath removal.

Results
A total of 1966 patients who received the tourniquet technique for bleeding control after percutaneous AVF or AVG interventions were included. Bleeding control was successfully achieved in all patients. Regarding complications, hematoma, thrombosis, and rebleeding occurred in 57 (2.9%), 11 (0.6%), and 8 (0.4%) patients, respectively. Neither pseudoaneurysm nor infection occurred in the patients. Age, gender, pre-existing diseases (including diabetes and hypertension), procedure count, sheath size, hemodialysis access type, and canalization route were similar between patients with and without complications. The primary patency rates at 6,12, 24, and 36 months were 85.0, 64.6, 53.8, and 41.6%, respectively.

Conclusions
The tourniquet technique is an effective and safe approach for facilitating hemostasis after catheter-based percutaneous interventions of hemodialysis accesses.
Ratios and determinants of maternal mortality: a comparison of geographic differences in the northern and southern regions of Cameroon
Authors: Meh Catherine , Thind Amardeep , Terry Amanda L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile maternal mortality has declined worldwide in the past 25 years, this is not the case for Cameroon. Since there is a predominantly young population in this country, high maternal mortality ratios may persist. Maternal mortality ratios vary within countries, yet it is unknown if the North and South, the most distinct parts of Cameroon, differ in terms of ratios and determinants of maternal mortality.MethodsThis study explored ratios and determinants of maternal mortality in women of childbearing age (15–49 years) and assessed differences between the North and South. We used the Cameroon Demographic and Health Surveys (2004 and 2011) to extract a sample of 18,665 living or deceased women who had given birth. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between maternal mortality and sociocultural, economic and healthcare factors.ResultsMaternal mortality ratios were different for the two regions and increased in the North in 2011 compared to 2004. In the North, any level of education and being Muslim were protective against maternal mortality. Meanwhile, the odds of maternal mortality decreased with increasing age, and having secondary or higher education in the South. Domestic violence and ethnicity were associated with maternal death in the South. Increasing parity was protective of maternal death in both the North and South.ConclusionsMaternal mortality ratios and determinants varied between women of childbearing age in the North and South of Cameroon. These reinforce recommendations for region specific strategies that will improve health communication, community education programs, curb domestic violence and train more community health workers to connect pregnant women with the health system. Programs to reduce maternal death among women with low parity and little or no education should be national priority.
Methods and design for the ADAPT study: Application of integrateD Approaches to understanding Physical activity during the Transition to emerging adulthood
Authors: Kwan Matthew Y. W. , Dutta Pallavi , Bray Steven R. , Brown Denver M. Y. , Cairney John , Dunton Genevieve F. , Graham Jeffrey D. , Rebar Amanda L. , Rhodes Ryan E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe overarching objective of the study is to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the salient factors predicting changes in physical activity (PA) during adolescents’ transition into emerging adulthood. Using the Multi-Process Action Control model as our guiding framework, we will examine how implicit and explicit psychological processes along with regulatory practices impact PA change during this major life transition. Additionally, we will use a real-time data capture method called Ecological Momentary Assessment to further investigate how environmental and contextual factors, and momentary psychosocial influences effect PA patterns across this dynamic life stage.MethodsThe ADAPT study is a 4-year project comprised of two interrelated studies. Study I is a large prospective cohort study that will invite all grade 11 students across one large school board (a total of seven secondary schools) to participate by completing an online questionnaire. Using a cluster randomization approach, a subset of students from each school will be invited to participate in Study II, whereby participants will wear an accelerometer and complete Ecological Momentary Assessments 5 times a day over a 7-day study period. For both studies, following baseline assessments, there will be three annual follow-up assessments approximately 12 months apart.DiscussionThe current study represents one of the largest longitudinal cohort studies examining PA and its determinants and associated consequences among adolescents transitioning out of high school into emerging adulthood. Findings from this study will provide a much more in-depth understanding of how and why changes in PA behaviour occur across this first major life transition.
A qualitative study of health professions curricula and management of lateral ankle ligament sprain demonstrates inconsistency
Authors: Green Toni , Willson Grant , Fallon Kieran 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Health educators aim to graduate students who are safe, effective and practice evidence-based medicine (EBM). Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) are tools for translating evidence into clinical practice for health professionals and educators who lack time to appraise the evidence. There have been CPGs published for lateral ankle ligament sprains (LALS) for physiotherapists, nurses, and doctors. Clinical decision rules have also been developed for LALS to increase the safety of practice. The Ottawa Ankle Rules (OAR) were developed to screen for the need for an x-ray following an ankle or foot injury.

Methods
Educators from the Australasian College of Sports and Exercise Physicians (ACSEP), St John Ambulance first aiders, pharmacy, nursing, and physiotherapy disciplines were participants in this study. Using purposeful sampling with semi-structured questions and a LALS case study, 19 Australian educators were interviewed. Curricula and textbooks were also collected and analysed. Two researchers independently analysed the data using a deductive method.

Results
Analysis found that no educator used a CPG to inform their teaching. There was no common LALS curriculum for the five groups studied. There were two approaches: a triage curriculum (St John Ambulance, pharmacy, nursing) and a reflective curriculum (ASCEP and physiotherapy). Textbooks influenced curriculum for physiotherapy, pharmacy and first aid educators. The triage curricula recommend rest, ice, compression and elevation (RICE) alone, while the reflective curricula uses OAR, RICE, immobilisation if the LALS is severe, functional support (brace), exercises and manual therapy. In addition, ACSEP and physiotherapy do not recommend electrotherapy. All five groups were cautious about the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Conclusions
Physiotherapy and ACSEP educators teach OAR. Despite not using the CPGs to inform curriculum, physiotherapy and ACSEP have unintentionally aligned their curriculum with current LALS CPG recommendations. However, nursing, pharmacy and first aid trainers are not teaching OAR or aligned with LALS CPGs. Educators in pharmacy, nursing and first aid should re-examine their curricula and consider possibly teaching OAR and using CPG. Clinical practice guideline developers should consider pharmacists and first aiders as users of their LALS CPGs.
Can patient and family education prevent medical errors? A descriptive study
Authors: Kim Yoon-Sook , Kim Hyuo Sun , Kim Hyun Ah. , Chun Jahae , Kwak Mi Jeong , Kim Moon-Sook , Hwang Jee-In , Kim Hyeran 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
This study aims to increase understanding of how patient and family education affects the prevention of medical errors, thereby providing basic data for developing educational contents.

Methods
This descriptive study surveyed patients, families, and Patient Safety Officers to investigate the relationship between educational contents and medical error prevention. The Chi-square test and ANOVA were used to derive the results of this study. The educational contents used in this study consisted of health information (1. current medicines, 2. allergies, 3. health history, 4. previous treatments/tests and complications associated with them) and Speak Up (1. handwashing, 2. patient identification, 3. asking about medical conditions, 4. asking about test results, 5. asking about behaviour and changes in lifestyle, 6. asking about the care plan, 7. asking about medicines, and 8. asking about medicine interactions).

Results
In this study, the first criterion for choosing a hospital for treatment in Korea was ‘Hospital with a famous doctor’ (58.6% patient; 57.7% families). Of the patients and their families surveyed, 82.2% responded that hospitals in Korea were safe. The most common education in hospitals is ‘Describe your medical condition’, given to 69.0% of patients, and ‘Hospitalisation orientation’, given to 63.4% of families. The most important factors in preventing patient safety events were statistically significant differences among patients, family members, and Patient Safety Officers (p = 0.001). Patients and families had the highest ‘Patient and family participation’ (31.0% of patients; 39.4% of families) and Patient Safety Officers had the highest ‘Patient safety culture’ (47.8%).

Conclusions
Participants thought that educational contents developed through this study could prevent medical errors. The results of this study are expected to provide basic data for national patient safety campaigns and standardised educational content development to prevent medical errors.
Systemic Therapy for Melanoma: ASCO Guideline
Authors: Seth Rahul , Messersmith Hans , Kaur Varinder , Kirkwood John M. , Kudchadkar Ragini , McQuade Jennifer Leigh , Provenzano Anthony , Swami Umang , Weber Jeffrey , Alluri Krishna C. , Agarwala Sanjiv , Ascierto Paolo A. , Atkins Michael B. , Davis Nancy , Ernstoff Marc S. , Faries Mark B. , Gold Jason S. , Guild Samantha , Gyorki David E. , Khushalani Nikhil I. , Meyers Michael O. , Robert Caroline , Santinami Mario , Sehdev Amikar , Sondak Vernon K. , Spurrier Gilliosa , Tsai Katy K. , van Akkooi Alexander , Funchain Pauline 
Published: March 2020

PURPOSE To provide guidance to clinicians regarding the use of systemic therapy for melanoma. METHODS ASCO convened an Expert Panel and conducted a systematic review of the literature. RESULTS A systematic review, one meta-analysis, and 34 additional randomized trials were identified. The published studies included a wide range of systemic therapies in cutaneous and noncutaneous melanoma. RECOMMENDATIONS In the adjuvant setting, nivolumab or pembrolizumab should be offered to patients with resected stage IIIA/B/C/D BRAF wild-type cutaneous melanoma, while either of those two agents or the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib should be offered in BRAF-mutant disease. No recommendation could be made for or against the use of neoadjuvant therapy in cutaneous melanoma. In the unresectable/metastatic setting, ipilimumab plus nivolumab, nivolumab alone, or pembrolizumab alone should be offered to patients with BRAF wild-type cutaneous melanoma, while those three regimens or combination BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy with dabrafenib/trametinib, encorafenib/binimetinib, or vemurafenib/cobimetinib should be offered in BRAF-mutant disease. Patients with mucosal melanoma may be offered the same therapies recommended for cutaneous melanoma. No recommendation could be made for or against specific therapy for uveal melanoma. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/melanoma-guidelines .
Central Adrenal Insufficiency Is Rare in Adults With Prader–Willi Syndrome
Authors: Rosenberg Anna G W , Pellikaan Karlijn , Poitou Christine , Goldstone Anthony P , Høybye Charlotte , Markovic Tania , Grugni Graziano , Crinò Antonino , Caixàs Assumpta , Coupaye Muriel , Van Den Berg Sjoerd A A , Van Der Lely Aart Jan , De Graaff Laura C G 
Published: March 2020

AbstractContextPrader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is associated with several hypothalamic-pituitary hormone deficiencies. There is no agreement on the prevalence of central adrenal insufficiency (CAI) in adults with PWS. In some countries, it is general practice to prescribe stress-dose hydrocortisone during physical or psychological stress in patients with PWS. Side effects of frequent hydrocortisone use are weight gain, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension—already major problems in adults with PWS. However, undertreatment of CAI can cause significant morbidity—or even mortality.ObjectiveTo prevent both over- and undertreatment with hydrocortisone, we assessed the prevalence of CAI in a large international cohort of adults with PWS. As the synacthen test shows variable results in PWS, we only use the metyrapone test (MTP) and insulin tolerance test (ITT).DesignMetyrapone test or ITT in adults with PWS (N = 82) and review of medical files for symptoms of hypocortisolism related to surgery (N = 645).SettingOutpatient clinic.Patients or Other ParticipantsEighty-two adults with genetically confirmed PWS.Main Outcome MeasureFor MTP, 11-deoxycortisol &gt; 230 nmol/L was considered sufficient. For ITT, cortisol &gt; 500 nmol/L (Dutch, French, and Swedish patients) or &gt; 450 nmol/L (British patients) was considered sufficient.ResultsCentral adrenal insufficiency was excluded in 81 of 82 patients. Among the 645 patients whose medical files were reviewed, 200 had undergone surgery without perioperative hydrocortisone treatment. None of them had displayed any features of hypocortisolism.ConclusionsCentral adrenal insufficiency is rare (1.2%) in adults with PWS. Based on these results, we recommend against routinely prescribing hydrocortisone stress-doses in adults with PWS.