bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchyme modulates three-dimensional, collective cell migration of liver cellsin vitro- a role for TGFß pathway
Authors: Ogoke Ogechi , Yousef Osama , Ott Cortney , Kalinousky Allison , Wayne Lin , Shamul Claire , Ross Shatoni , Parashurama Natesh 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTThree dimensional (3D) collective cell migration (CCM) is critical for improving liver cell therapies, eliciting mechanisms of liver disease, and modeling human liver development/ organogenesis. Here, we modeled liver organogenesis to induce 3D CCM and improve existing models. The liver diverticulum, normally surrounded by septum transversum mesenchyme (STM) at E8.5, was modeled with a miniature liver spheroid surrounded by mesenchymal cells and matrix. In mixed spheroid models with both liver and uniquely MRC5 (fetal lung) fibroblasts, we observed co-migration of cells, and a significant increase in length and number of liver spheroid protrusions, and this was highly sensitive to TGFB1 stimulation. To understand paracrine effects between MRC-5 cells and liver, we performed conditioned medium (M-CM) experiments. Interestingly, the addition of M-CM increased liver 3D CCM, with thin, 3D, dose-dependent branching morphogenesis, an upregulation of Twist1, and a sensitivity to a broad TGFB inhibitor. To test the effects of cell-cell interactions of 3D CCM, the STM was modeled with a spheroid of MRC-5 cells, and we performed co-spheroid culture of liver with MRC-5. We observed a complex morphogenesis, whereby thin, linear, 3D liver cell strands attach to the MRC-5 spheroid, anchor, and thicken to form permanent and thick anchoring contacts between the two spheroids. We also observed spheroid fusion, a form of interstitial migration. In conclusion, we present several novel cultivation systems that induce distinct features of 3D CCM, as judged by the presence of branching, linearity, thickness, and interstitial migration. These methodologies will greatly improve our molecular, cellular, and tissue-scale understanding of liver organogenesis, liver diseases, and liver cell therapy, and will serve as a tool to bridge conventional 2D studies and preclinicalin vivostudies.
Genetic variation inCSMD1affects amygdala connectivity and prosocial behavior
Authors: Bickart KC , Napolioni V , Khan RR , Kim Y , Altmann A , Richiardi J , Newsom M , Sadaghiani S , Banaschewski T , Bokde ALW , Quinlan EB , Desrivières S , Flor H , Garavan H , Gowland P , Heinz A , Ittermann B , Martinot J-L , Paillère Martinot M-L , Artiges E , Nees F , Papadopoulos Orfanos D , Paus T , Poustka L , Fröhner JH , Smolka MN , Walter H , Whelan R , Schumann G , Ng B , Greicius MD ,   IMAGEN Consortium
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe amygdala is one of the most widely connected structures in the primate brain and plays a key role in social and emotional behavior. Here, we present the first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of whole-brain resting-state amygdala networks to discern whether connectivity in these networks could serve as an endophenotype for social behavior. Leveraging published resting-state amygdala networks asa prioriendophenotypes in a GWAS meta-analysis of two adolescent cohorts, we identified a common polymorphism on chr.8p23.2 (rs10105357 A/G, MAF (G)=0.35) associated with stronger connectivity in the medial amygdala network (beta=0.20,p=2.97×10−8). This network contains regions that support reward processes and affiliative behavior. People carrying two copies of the minor allele for rs10105357 participate in more prosocial behaviors (t=2.644,p=0.008) and have higherCSMD1expression in the temporal cortex (t=3.281, p=0.002) than people with one or no copy of the allele. In post-mortem brains across the lifespan, we found thatCSMD1expression is relatively high in the amygdala (2.79 fold higher than white matter,p=1.80×10−29), particularly so for nuclei in the medial amygdala, reaching a maximum in later stages of development. Amygdala network endophenotyping has the potential to accelerate genetic discovery in disorders of social function, such as autism, in whichCSMD1may serve as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.
Dysphagia assessment and intervention: evaluating inclusive approaches using video
Authors: Guthrie Susan , Stansfield Jois 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Dysphagia experienced by adults with mental health conditions and/or intellectual disabilities (IDs) has been well-reported. However, accessible and inclusive assessment measures to identify and monitor for deterioration in dysphagia are very limited. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of video to enhance inclusion in dysphagia assessment and intervention for an inpatient setting.

Design/methodology/approach
This service evaluation involved adults with IDs and mental illness living in in-patient accommodation and their multidisciplinary team. Participants were invited to film and then reflect on videos and their comments were transcribed for qualitative analysis.

Findings
In total, 42 adults gave consent to film, review and discuss mealtime video-clips. Staff feedback was invited. Thematic analysis was conducted for service-user and staff comments. A global theme of “involvement” was identified from the data analysis, with sub-themes of “enhancing participation, insight and incentive”. An additional global theme “clinical benefits” resulted from staff comments. This included sub-themes of breadth of assessment, shared working and outcome measures.

Research limitations/implications
Limitations included refusal of video by people with heightened anxiety but these were a minority. Most people showed enthusiasm and enhanced engagement. Practical issues were resolved regarding governance.

Practical implications
Video offers a dynamic record of muscle tone, coordination, mealtime experience and individual context benefiting both service-user and staff practice. It stimulates insightful discussion of outcomes and supports the inclusion of service-user perspectives. Further research is indicated to develop a greater understanding of dysphagia in this population. Inclusion of service-users in planning and managing safer mealtimes may be enhanced through the sensitive use of video.

Social implications
This evaluation suggests opportunities for improving inclusive approaches for service-users using video to promote insight.

Originality/value
Further research is indicated to explore the nature of dysphagia in people with mental health conditions using video as a dynamic and unique resource.
Lord Carter's report into NHS ambulance service efficiency; will its findings make a difference and stimulate the service to escape “the mediocrity trap?”
Authors: Newton Andy 
Published: September 2020

PurposeReview of major policy paper in relation to the ambulance service [in England] efficiency and productivity with reference to observed “unacceptable variation”.Design/methodology/approachCritical review of ambulance service/EMS policy approach in England.FindingsLord Carter’s review describes failings in performance of UK ambulance service/EMS. However, the identified failings are essentially a repetition of many almost identical similar findings. There is a tendency of policy in respect of the ambulance service in England, as exemplified by Lord Carter’s report to consider analysis of the problem a more significant task that actually addressing the shortcoming defined.Research limitations/implicationsThis viewpoint comment piece is produced as a viewpoint with all the attendant limitations implied in this approach. However, it has been produced from an informed position.Practical implicationsChallenge to current UK ambulance policy. Previous repetitious finding need to be addressed definitively.Social implicationsThe efficiency of UK ambulance services/EMS is seriously impaired, and indeed these findings have been acknowledge previously. However, little by way of active remediation has been attempted. The current approach as exemplified in Lord Carter's recent review appears to ensure that analysis of the long- standing problems that exist is sufficient and possible preferable to active remediation and improvement.Originality/valueNo previous critical review of this type has been attempted (as it would be career-limiting).
Understanding the spill-over effect of value co-creation in buyer–supplier interactions: a strategic view
Authors: Gupta Samir , Polonsky Michael 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This study aims to explore how the co-created value arising from integrated solutions results in both, intended and spill-over effects.

Design/methodology/approach
The research uses a qualitative multi-level field study, with data from 12 respondents in 1 supplier firm and 29 respondents from 10 buying firms.

Findings
The resulting propositions suggest that co-created value developed through exploitative and emerging strategies, each may lead to both higher intended and spill-over effects. However, it appears that exploitative strategies are more effective in returning intended effects, whereas emerging strategies lead to higher spill-over effects.

Research limitations/implications
The results are exploratory, obtained from a limited number of buyer companies. Concerns of external validity were traded off against opportunities to gain insights into a poorly understood phenomenon.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the existing value co-creation literature by offering insights from integrated solutions, associated with the development of buyer and seller relationships. The resulting propositions suggest that co-created value developed through both exploitative and emerging strategies may each lead to both higher intended and spill-over effects. However, it appears that exploitative strategies are more effective in returning intended effects, whereas emerging strategies lead to higher spill-over effects.
Empathic abilities and their mediators in Tunisian psychiatry trainees
Authors: Saguem Bochra Nourhene , Bouzaâbia Zeineb , Braham Amel , Ben Nasr Selma 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to assess empathy dimensions in Tunisian psychiatry trainees and to evaluate their relationship with relevant professional and extra-professional factors.

Design/methodology/approach
An online questionnaire survey was administered to the psychiatry trainees affiliated in the four faculties of medicine of Tunisia (n = 120). It comprised, in addition to sociodemographic and professional variables, the interpersonal reactivity index, a multidimensional instrument that evaluates perspective taking, empathic concern, personal distress and fantasy. Other self-report measures were used to assess emotion regulation, social support and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences.

Findings
The response rate was 71%. Descriptive statistics showed that personal distress’ scores were lower than the other empathy dimensions’ scores. Perspective taking scores were negatively correlated with emotion regulation difficulties. Personal distress scores were positively correlated with emotion regulation difficulties. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that being an only child significantly contributed to perspective taking and having an extra-professional activity significantly contributed to less personal distress. Perceived stress, social support and having a master’s degree were significant predictors for empathic concern. Self-efficacy was a significant predictor of perspective taking, with emotion regulation difficulties mediating this relationship.

Practical implications
Interventions dedicated to improve psychiatry trainees’ empathy should focus not only on clinical practice and medical education but also on emotional support and recovery activities.

Originality/value
A unique feature of this study is the investigation of the potential impacts of emotion regulation difficulties and perceived self-efficacy on empathic abilities of psychiatry trainees.
Relative reproductive phenology and synchrony affect neonate survival in a nonprecocial ungulate
Authors: Michel Eric S. , Strickland Bronson K. , Demarais Stephen , Belant Jerrold L. , Kautz Todd M. , Duquette Jared F. , Beyer Dean E. , Chamberlain Michael J. , Miller Karl V. , Shuman Rebecca M. , Kilgo John C. , Diefenbach Duane R. , Wallingford Bret D. , Vreeland Justin K. , Ditchkoff Stephen S. , DePerno Christopher S. , Moorman Christopher E. , Chitwood M. Colter , Lashley Marcus A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Degree of reproductive synchronization in prey is hypothesized as a predator defense strategy reducing prey risk via predator satiation or predator avoidance. Species with precocial young, especially those exposed to specialist predators, should be highly synchronous to satiate predators (predator satiation hypothesis), while prey with nonprecocial (i.e. altricial) young, especially those exposed to generalist predators, should become relatively asynchronous to avoid predator detection (predator avoidance hypothesis). The white‐tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus in North America is an example of a nonprecocial ungulate that uses the hider strategy early in life; its primary predator (coyote; Canis latrans) is a generalist, making white‐tailed deer a good model species to test the predator avoidance hypothesis.

We used birth dates and known fates of white‐tailed deer neonates (n = 1,032) across nine study sites varying in relative synchrony and predator assemblages to test the predator avoidance hypothesis. We predicted that relative birthing asynchrony of the population would increase relative survival at the population level; therefore, at the individual scale, neonate birth date nearer to mean birthing date in a respective population would not influence individual survival.

Coyotes were responsible for the majority of predation events, and survival of those neonates increased the closer the individual was born to peak birthing season in each respective population. Also, at the population level, reproductive asynchronization negatively affected survival.

Contrary to the predator avoidance hypothesis, our data indicate patterns in neonate survival for white‐tailed deer better support the predator satiation hypothesis at the individual and population level. Additionally, coyotes may present a selective force great enough to shift reproductive synchrony such that predator satiation may become a feasible defense strategy for neonates at local spatial scales.

Our results indicate that synchronizing reproduction may still be the most effective strategy to reduce individual predation risk from generalist predators, particularly when the window of heightened resource availability to the prey is narrow.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Parents’ ability to access community health occupational therapy services in a disadvantaged area: A proof of concept study
Authors: Smith Rachel , Gallego Gisselle 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn New South Wales, children from disadvantaged backgrounds have poorer health outcomes and reduced access to health services than their more advantaged counterparts. This study aimed to identify barriers and enablers to accessing child and family occupational therapy services in a disadvantaged area.MethodsThis was a mixed methods study that included: (a) a retrospective analysis of de‐identified routinely collected Community Health service utilisation data from 2016 to 2017, and a (b) face to face interview guided survey with parents and carers.ResultsThe retrospective data analysis showed outreach at the targeted suburbs’ Early Childhood Health Centres (ECHC) improved attendance for families living in these suburbs. Parents’ responses indicated that they were able to access the Community Health Centre (CHC) and certain barriers to accessing the service remain, including difficulty in parking and not having a license or car to attend appointments. Low health literacy was also a barrier to accessing health appointments as parents were unaware of the range of services provided at CHC, did not know how to make appointments, or that these services did not generate out‐of‐pocket expenses to clients. Conversely, enablers that would make it easier for parents to attend appointments include the provision of home visits, after hours and weekend appointments, and outreach such as delivering services in community spaces such as the ECHCs, library, or mosque.ConclusionThis research suggests that outreach occupational therapy services are valued by families in this disadvantaged area and contribute towards improving access to allied health services for disadvantaged families with young children. However, additional work is required to increase awareness among disadvantaged families on the role of allied health in improving child development outcomes and to reduce some of the transport and logistical issues that can reduce access to health care.
Core microbial communities of lacustrine microbialites sampled along an alkalinity gradient
Authors: Iniesto Miguel , Moreira David , Reboul Guillaume , Deschamps Philippe , Benzerara Karim , Bertolino Paola , Saghaï Aurélien , Tavera Rosaluz , López‐García Purificación 
Published: September 2020

SummaryMicrobialites are usually carbonate‐rich sedimentary rocks formed by the interplay of phylogenetically and metabolically complex microbial communities with their physicochemical environment. Yet, the biotic and abiotic determinants of microbialite formation remain poorly constrained. Here, we analysed the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities associated with microbialites occurring in several crater lakes of the Trans‐Mexican volcanic belt along an alkalinity gradient. Microbialite size and community structure correlated with lake physicochemical parameters, notably alkalinity. Although microbial community composition varied across lake microbialites, major taxa‐associated functions appeared quite stable with both, oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis and, to less extent, sulphate reduction, as major putative carbonatogenic processes. Despite interlake microbialite community differences, we identified a microbial core of 247 operational taxonomic units conserved across lake microbialites, suggesting a prominent ecological role in microbialite formation. This core mostly encompassed Cyanobacteria and their typical associated taxa (Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes) and diverse anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, notably Chloroflexi, Alphaproteobacteria (Rhodobacteriales, Rhodospirilalles), Gammaproteobacteria (Chromatiaceae) and minor proportions of Chlorobi. The conserved core represented up to 40% (relative abundance) of the total community in lakes Alchichica and Atexcac, displaying the highest alkalinities and the most conspicuous microbialites. Core microbialite communities associated with carbonatogenesis might be relevant for inorganic carbon sequestration purposes.
A signalling model of loss leader pricing strategy
Authors: Dong Baomin , Guo Guixia , Wang Frank Yong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe traditional theory of loss leader pricing strategy generally relies on assumptions such as high consumer search cost, product complementarities, and short‐sighted consumer rationality. We argue that with the rise of e‐commerce, consumer search cost is substantially reduced, and in many cases, loss leader goods have no obvious complements but many substitutes. In this paper, we set up a model with both base product and advance product where the latter's quality is observable only to a fraction of the consumers. It is shown that a firm may use loss leader pricing strategy to signal the quality of its advance product to the uninformed consumers. Therefore, as a signalling device, loss leader pricing strategy is conducive to correct the lemons problem.
The Cost of Coronavirus Uncertainty: The High Returns to Clear Policy Plans
Authors: Pellegrino Giovanni , Ravenna Federico , Züllig Gabriel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPolicymakers face an extremely uncertain environment during COVID‐19. Using a nonlinear VAR estimate for the Euro Area, we argue that the benefit of reducing policy uncertainty at a time dominated by pessimistic expectations amounts to several points of GDP. The impact on the economy of uncertainty shocks is much larger during periods of negative outlook for the future. We estimate the impact on industrial production of the current COVID‐19 induced uncertainty to peak at a year‐over‐year growth loss of −15.4 per cent in September 2020, and to lead to a fall in CPI inflation between 1 per cent and 1.5 per cent. Policies providing state‐contingent scenarios ready to be adopted if the worst‐case outcomes materialise can reduce the impact of uncertainty.
Sectoral Employment Dynamics in Australia and the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Anderson Heather , Caggiano Giovanni , Vahid Farshid , Wong Benjamin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe develop a multivariate time series model of employment in 19 sectors for Australia. We use this model to determine the long‐run effect of a 1% increase in economic activity in any chosen sector on aggregate employment. Our findings point to manufacturing and construction sectors as those that generate the largest positive spillovers for the aggregate economy. Moreover, we provide an interactive web‐based app that produces our model's forecasts based on any user‐specified scenario. As the restrictions associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic evolve, the sectoral employment multipliers together with these interactive tools will provide useful information for policymakers.
The Cult of St Edmund, King and Martyr, and the Medieval Kings of England
Authors: WEBSTER PAUL 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTwo notable late‐medieval images depicting St Edmund King and Martyr, or his shrine, associate his cult with prayers and intercession for the king. In Lydgate's illustrated verse life of the saint, Henry VI is shown kneeling before the shrine, while on the Wilton Diptych, Edmund is one of three saints presenting Richard II to the Virgin Mary. This article explores royal devotion to Edmund, examining efforts of kings to sustain a religious aura linked to saintly predecessors. The article considers evidence for royal visits to Bury St Edmunds abbey and gift‐giving in honour of the saint. Rulers from the eleventh century onwards venerated Edmund, including Edward the Confessor (himself later canonised). Twelfth‐ and thirteenth‐century royal pilgrimages combined visits to shrines at Westminster, Canterbury, Bury and East Anglian holy sites. Henry III named his second son in honour of the saint. Meanwhile, Edmund's banner was carried, and gifts made in intercession or thanks, for success in battle. Despite emerging interest in the martial cult of St George, kingly giving in honour of Edmund continued in the fourteenth century, with the saint honoured alongside others, notably the Confessor and Becket. This combined devotion, it is argued, was the predominant way in which kings of England invoked the saints. St Edmund's importance in kingly religious activity linked sanctified kingship with appeals to the attributes of a range of saints.