bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Análisis biomecánico del ejercicio sentadilla libre en sujetos sin acondicionamiento físico
Authors: Blanco-Díaz Cristian Felipe , Quitian-González Angie Katerine 
Published: February 2020

Los análisis biomecánicos proporcionan una fuente extensa de datos que son explorados ampliamente desde el punto de vista mecánico y fisiológico; dentro de estos datos se incluyen parámetros cinéticos y cinemáticos que son útiles para comprender la locomoción humana.
Por otro lado, la sentadilla es un ejercicio ampliamente utilizado para el acondicionamiento físico, ya que pone en funcionamiento al mismo tiempo varios músculos tanto del tren superior como del inferior, no obstante, una mala posición podría conducir a lesiones musculares y articulares, específicamente a nivel de la espalda y la rodilla, las cuales son especialmente comunes en pacientes sin acondicionamiento físico. En este estudio, los datos de sentadillas se analizan en pacientes sin acondicionamiento físico, organizados en dos grupos, uno compuesto por mujeres y otro por hombres, para evaluar posibles implicaciones en la articulación de la rodilla.
Con la realización de este estudio se determinó que el promedio de flexión de la articulación de la rodilla para hombres y mujeres cumple con los criterios de minimización debido a que sobrepasan el grado fundamental que radica hasta los 40 grados, por lo que se pudo comprobar que aparentemente ninguna persona sufre de alguna patología en la articulación de la rodilla. Además, se pudo observar que la ausencia de ejercicio puede afectar negativamente la movilidad de las articulaciones y en el mismo sentido se evidenció cómo la amplitud articular y el desplazamiento de los segmentos se ven afectados por la edad y el peso al momento de realizar cierta clase de movimiento.
Gingivitis Efficacy of a 0.454% w/w Stannous Fluoride Dentifrice: A 24-week randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Parkinson Charles Richard , MILLEMAN Kimberly R , MILLEMAN Jeffery L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Plaque-induced gingivitis can be prevented and treated with regular effective oral hygiene, principally via mechanical cleaning with regular toothbrushing. To complement the mechanical plaque removal, antimicrobial ingredients can be incorporated into dentifrices to inhibit the growth of plaque. This study aimed to evaluate and compare gingivitis, proportion of subjects moving between gingivitis severity (<10%, >10%<30%, >30% bleeding sites) and oral hygiene, following twice daily use of an experimental non-aqueous 0.454% weight/weight (w/w) stannous fluoride (SnF2) dentifrice, compared to a negative control dentifrice over 12 and 24 weeks. Method: This was a single-center, examiner-blinded, randomized, stratified, two-treatment arm, parallel group, 24-week clinical study in healthy adult volunteers with moderate gingivitis. At baseline, after abstaining from toothbrushing overnight, subjects underwent MGI (modified gingival index), BI (bleeding index) and PI (plaque index) assessments. Eligible subjects, who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, were stratified based on gender and baseline mean MGI score (Low ≤2.00/High >2.00) and randomized to treatment. Following randomization, subjects underwent a thorough dental prophylaxis and flossing. After 12 and 24 weeks of twice daily brushing with their allocated treatment, subjects returned to the site (with overnight plaque, having abstained from oral hygiene procedures for 8 hrs prior to visit) for MGI, BI and PI assessments. Treatment effect was evaluated by comparing the MGI, BI and PI scores. Results: One hundred and twenty-nine subjects were screened; 98 subjects were randomized and 90 subjects completed the study. Statistically significant differences between treatments, in favour of the 0.454% stannous fluoride dentifrice were observed, compared to the negative control dentifrice, for all outcome measures (MGI, BI, bleeding sites and PI at weeks 12 and 24 p<0.0001). At 24, 71% of subjects in the 0.453% SnF 2 treatment group demonstrated <10% of bleeding sites. Conclusion: A dentifrice containing 0.454% w/w SnF 2 was shown to be superior to a standard dentifrice in controlling gingivitis and supra-gingival plaque, over a 24-week period. Over two thirds of subjects in the 0.454% SnF 2 treatment group demonstrated a level of bleeding sites potentially representative of “clinical periodontal health” (<10%) following a dental prophylaxis and 24 weeks of product use.
Medication adherence and Survival among hospitalized heart failure patients in a tertiary hospital in Tanzania: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Pallangyo Pedro , Millinga Jalack , Bhalia Smita , Mkojera Zabella , Misidai Nsajigwa , Swai Happiness J , Hemed Naairah R , Kaijage Alice , Janabi Mohamed 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective : Management of heart failure is complex and multifaceted but adherence to medications remains the cornerstone of preventing avoidable readmissions, premature deaths, and unnecessary healthcare expenses. Despite of evidence-based efficacy on anti-failure drugs, poor adherence is pervasive and remains a significant barrier to improving clinical outcomes in heart failure population. Results : We enrolled 459 patients with diagnosis of heart failure admitted at a tertiary cardiovascular hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The mean age was 46.4 years, there was a female predominance (56.5%), 67.5% resided in urban areas and 74.2% had primary education. Of the 419 participants eligible for assessment of medication adherence, 313 (74.7%) had poor adherence and 106 (25.3%) had good adherence. Possession of a health insurance was found to be the strongest associated factor for adherence (AOR 8.7, 95% CI 4.7-16.0, P <0.001). Participants with poor adherence displayed a 70% increased risk for rehospitalization compared to their counterparts with good adherence (ARR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.9, p = 0.04). Poor adherence was found to be the strongest predictor of early mortality (HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.3-4.6, p<0.01). In conclusion, Poor medication adherence in patients with heart failure is associated with increased readmissions and mortality.
Clinical T category for lung cancer staging: A pragmatic approach for real-world practice
Authors: Choi Yeonu , Kim Sun-Hyung , Lee Ho Yun , Um Sang-Won , Kim Ki Hwan , Choi Yeonseok , Park Sung Goo , Sohn Insuk , Kim Hye Seung 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : To determine which components should be measured and which window settings are appropriate for computerized tomography (CT) size measurements of lung adenocarcinoma and to explore interobserver agreement and accuracy according to the 8th edition of TNM staging. Methods : One hundred sixty-five surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas earlier than stage 3A were included in this study. One radiologist and two pulmonologists independently measured the total and solid sizes of components of tumors on different window settings and assessed solidity. CT measurements were compared with pathologic size measurements. Results : In categorizing solidity, 25% of the cases showed discordant results among observers. Measuring the total size of a lung adenocarcinoma predicted pathologic invasive components to a degree similar to measuring the solid component. Lung windows were more accurate (intraclass correlation [ICC] = 0.65–0.81) than mediastinal windows (ICC = 0.20–0.72) at predicting pathologic invasive components, especially in a part-solid nodule. Interobserver agreements for measurement of solid components were good with little significant difference (lung windows, ICC = 0.89; mediastinal windows, ICC = 0.91). A high level of interobserver agreement was seen between the radiologist and the pulmonologists and between residents versus a fellow on different windows. Conclusions : A considerable percentage (25%) of discrepancies was encountered in categorizing the solidity of lesions, which may decrease the accuracy of measurements. Lung window settings may be superior to mediastinal windows for measuring lung adenocarcinomas, with comparable interobserver agreement and moderate accuracy for predicting pathologic invasive components. Keywords : lung adenocarcinoma (ADC), neoplasm staging, computed x-ray tomography, observer variation
Phylogenetic study of Ipomoeeae (Convolvulaceae) based on chromosome painting
Authors: Chen Lei , Sun Jianying , Su Dan , Cao Qinghe , Li Zongyun , Han yonghua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The phylogenetic relationships for Ipomoeeae species are incongruence in previous studies. Comparative chromosome painting (CCP) can provide valuable information for phylogenetic relationships among species. Results: In this study, 31 Ipomoea species were analyzed by oligo-based chromosome painting (CP) technique to better understand their phylogenetic relationships. The results indicated that the distribution patterns of oligo probes in three species with 28 chromosomes were significantly different from the other species with 30 chromosomes. Therefore, we proposed that the difference of chromosome number should be foremost factor in determining the phylogenetic relationships among species and the previous division of two large clades in Ipomoeeae wasn’t supported. The division of smaller clades within the Astripomoeinae in Ipomoeeae was generally supported with a few exceptions, whereas the division of smaller clades within Argyreiinae wasn’t resolved by our CP results. In addition, species relationship for the species belonging to same smaller clade with same CP pattern was further resolved by physical mapping of the 5S and 45S rDNA using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. Conclusions: This study is the first phylogenetic analysis of Ipomoea species based on CP technique. Our results provide intuitive and reliable resolution of phylogenetic relationships for 31 Ipomoea species and demonstrate the validity of oligo-based CCP analysis in phylogenetic study.
Atypical gunshot injury to the neck with an unexpected nonlinear bullet trajectory: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Matsui Yuuki , Iguchi Sena , Sato Emiri , Sato Yoichiro , Shindo Ken , Ishida Michiko , Saito Yutaka , Nakamura Kazuki , Kushima Yu , Nishiwaki Masao , Imanishi Yorihisa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Gunshot injuries involving the head and neck region yield profound morbidity and mortality rates because of the region’s dense structure occupied with essential organs. Both projectile- and tissue-related factors determine the disruptive effects of projectiles on living tissues, with the former comprising various physical and dynamic properties of a bullet. Although a bullet generally passes straight through the body, we experienced an unusual case of a gunshot injury to the neck, wherein the bullet penetrated through the deep structures to the contralateral side of the shoulder without damaging any vital organs, allowing us to discuss the diagnostic implications of wound ballistics in managing gunshot wounds with unexpected bullet trajectories. Case presentation A 51-year-old man presented with a gunshot wound to the neck from a point-blank range shooting during a local gang conflict. On admission, a bullet entry hole was observed on the left side of the neck without an exit hole; however, the patient was conscious; vital signs were normal; and no active bleeding, cranial nerve palsy, or aero-digestive tract injury were found. Imaging tests revealed a bullet lying in front of the right humeral head, a comminuted fracture of the right clavicle, and soft tissue edema and small air sacs among the deep neck structures, including the retropharyngeal space. Emergency surgery was performed to extract the bullet, which turned out to be a full metal-jacketed bullet. Five days later, the patient was uneventfully discharged. According to the localization of the damaged tissues and the positional relationship between the bullet’s entrance and its destination, we estimated that the bullet nonlinearly penetrated the neck through the interstructural spaces associated with the least tissue resistance, almost transversely, during its intra-body movement. Conclusion Our experience strongly suggests the importance of realizing the unpredictable nature of a bullet trajectory in a body. Awareness of various ballistic factors and wounding mechanisms, which affect a bullet trajectory and the magnitude of tissue damage, can be of great help in adequate assessment and management of patients with gunshot injuries.
Soil Fungal Communities Investigated by Metabarcoding within Simulated Forensic Burial Contexts
Authors: Procopio Noemi , Ghignone Stefano , Voyron Samuele , Chiapello Marco , Williams Anna , Chamberlain Andrew , Mello Antonietta , Buckley Michael 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

One of the most debated questions in forensic science is the estimation of the post-mortem interval (PMI). Despite the large amount of research currently performed to improve the PMI estimation, there is still the need for additional improvements, particularly in cases of severely decomposed buried remains. A novel alternative to the morphological examination of the remains is the analysis of the soil microbial communities. Bacteria and fungi are ubiquitous and can be found in the soil and in/on the corpses, and their shifts in populational compositions present at different PMIs may reveal insights for PMI estimation. Despite it already having been revealed that bacteria might be good candidates for this type of analysis, there are knowledge gaps for this type of application when dealing with fungal communities. For this reason, we performed the metabarcoding analysis of the mycobiome present in the soil after prolonged decomposition times, from one- to six-months, targeting both the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) 1 and 2, to elucidate which of the two was more suitable for this purpose.

Results

Our results showed a decrease in the fungal taxonomic richness associated with increasing PMIs and the presence of specific trends associated with specific PMIs, such as the increase of the Mortierellomycota taxa after four- and six-months post-mortem and of Ascomycota particularly after two months, and the decrease of Basidiomycota from the first to the last time point. We have found a limited amount of taxa specifically associated with the presence of the mammalian carcasses and not present in the control soil, showing that the overall the taxa which are contributing the most to the changes in the community originate from the soil and are not introduced by the carrion, extending the potential to perform comparisons with other experimental studies with different carrion species.

Conclusions

This study has been the first one conducted on gravesoil, and sets the baseline for additional studies, showing the potential to use fungal biomarkers in combination with bacterial ones to improve the accuracy of the PMI predictive model based on the shifts in the soil microbial communities.
5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo [4,5] thieno [2,3-d] pyrimidine derivative attenuates lupus nephritis with less effect to thymocyte development
Authors: Wei Fengjiao , Zhou Xiaoqing , Chen Huanpeng , Tian Xuyan , Liu Zhonghua , Yu Bolan , He Xixin , Bai Chuan , Huang Zhaofeng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the effect of a RORγt inhibitor, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo [4,5]thieno [2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative (TTP), on the therapy of lupus nephritis and the safe risk on thymocytes development.

Methods

BALB/C female mice were 2 months for pristane-induced mice model of lupus nephritis with the treatment of vehicle, prednisone acetate, and TTP. And 4-week-old BALB/C female mice were used for studying the development of thymus with the treatment of vehicle and TTP.

Results

TTP repressed the development of Th17 cells and ameliorated the autoimmune disease manifestation in a pristine induced lupus nephritis mouse model. The treatment of TTP in mice didn’t interfere with thymocyte development, including total thymocyte numbers and proportion of CD4+CD8+ double-positive populations in thymus, and had no substantial effects on thymoma incidence. Surface plasmon resonance identified the TTP had stronger affinity with full length RORγt protein compared the truncated RORγt LBD region, indicated TTP binding to RORγt beyond LBD region. Molecular docking computation showed the best binding pocket of TTP to RORγt located in the hinge region of RORγt.

Conclusion

As a RORγt inhibitor, TTP had potential to develop drug for treating Th17-cell-mediated autoimmune diseases with low safety risk for thymocyte development.
Gut microbiome signatures of nursing home residents carrying Enterobacteria Producing Extended-spectrum β-lactamases
Authors: BASTARD Quentin LE , Chapelet Guillaume , Birgand Gabriel , Hillmann Benjamin M , Javaudin François , Hayatgheib Niki , Bourigault Céline , Bemer Pascale , De Decker Laure , Batard Eric , Lepelletier Didier , Montassier Emmanuel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The prevalence of extended beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) has been constantly increasing over the last decades. These microorganisms that have acquired broad antibiotic resistance are now common human pathogens. Changes in the gut microbiome, induced by antibiotics or other drugs, enable expansion of these microorganisms, but the mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Objectives To investigate taxonomic and functional characteristics of the gut microbiome of nursing home residents carrying ESBL-E using metagenomics. Patients and methods We included 144 residents living in two different nursing homes. All fecal samples were screened for ESBL-E and gut microbiome was characterized using shallow shotgun metagenomic DNA sequencing. Results Ten nursing home residents were colonized by ESBL-E, namely Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae species, and were compared to non-carriers. We found that ESBL-E carriers had an alteration in within-sample diversity. Using a bootstrap algorithm, we found that the gut microbiome of ESBL-E carriers was depleted in butyrate-producing species, enriched in succinate-producing species and enriched in pathways involved in intracellular pH homeostasis compared to non-carriers individuals. Several energy metabolism pathways were overrepresented in ESBL-E carriers suggesting a greater ability to metabolize multiple microbiota and mucus layer-derived nutrients. Conclusions The gut microbiome of ESBL-E carriers in nursing homes harbors specific taxonomic and functional characteristics, conferring an environment that enables Enterobacteriaceae expansion. We describe here new functional features associated with ESBL-E carriage that could help us to elucidate the complex interactions leading to colonization persistence in the human gut microbiota.
Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block for postoperative analgesia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Huang Jiao , Liu Jing Chen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) has been increasingly applied in patients for postoperative analgesia. Its safety and effectiveness remain uncertain. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the clinical safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided ESPB in adults undergoing general anesthesia (GA) surgeries.Methods: A systematic databases search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ESPB with control or placebo. Primary outcome was iv. opioid consumption 24 h after surgery. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) or risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model. Results: A total of 11 RCTs consisting of 540 patients were included. Ultrasound -guided ESPB showed a reduction of iv. opioid consumption 24 h after surgery (SMD=-2.15; 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.76 to -1.5,p<0.00001), pain scores at 1st hour (SMD=-0.97;95% CI -1.84 to -0.1,p=0.03) and pain scores at 6th hour (SMD=-0.64,95% CI -1.05 to -0.23,p=0.002), Also, it lessened the number of patients who required postoperative analgesia ( RR=0.41,95% CI 0.25 to 0.66,p=0,0002) and time to first rescue analgesia (SMD=4.56,95% CI 1.89 to 7.22, p=0.0008). Differences were not significant with the pain score at 12th hour,24th hour and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided ESPB provides postoperative analgesic efficacy in adults undergoing GA surgeries with no increase in PONV.
Nurses' experiences and viewpoints about the benefits of adopting information technology in health care: A qualitative study
Authors: Farokhzadian Jamileh , Khajouei Reza , Hasman Arie , Ahmadian Leila 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction Nurses are the largest users of hospital information systems in any health care system. Hence, collecting nurses ‘experiences and viewpoints about benefits of integrating IT into health care can help managers facilitate nurses’ adoption of IT. This study explored the experiences and viewpoints of nurses with IT integration into health care and their adoption of IT. Methods This study was conducted with a qualitative research approach. Participants included 14 nurses from four hospitals, affiliated to a large medical university, who were selected using a purposive sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the conventional content analysis of Lundman and Graneheim. Results Six categories in the study reflected the nurses´ experiences and viewpoints about benefits of integrating IT into health care. These categories included improving the quality and efficiency of medical services and care, facilitating the communication management in the technological environment, improving information documentation, management, and monitoring, improving resource management, improving management performance and policymaking, and facilitating pathways of organizational and professional growth. Conclusions Understanding of nurses´ experiences and viewpoints about IT can contribute to the adoption, to overcome the barriers, and to develop appropriate strategies to orient nurses towards the benefits of IT in health care settings. Health care managers are recommended to investigate the experiences of nurses with IT in their hospitals and organize courses to orient hesitant nurses toward adopting IT.