bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
<p>Pola bakteri pada karies gigi pasien diabetes melitus</p><p>Bacteria in dental caries of diabetes mellitus patients</p>
Authors: Endriani Rita , Rafni Elita , Siregar Fajri Marinda , Setiawan Risa Aprilia , Rasyid Fadly 
Published: May 2020

Pendahuluan: Karies gigi merupakan penyakit infeksi pada jaringan keras gigi dengan prevalensi yang tinggi pada masyarakat. Pasien diabetes melitus (DM) kronis dan tidak terkontrol memiliki predisposisi untuk pembentukan karies gigi. Karies gigi disebabkan berbagai faktor, diantaranya bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola bakteri pada karies gigi pasien diabetes mellitus. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan consecutive sampling. Sampel penelitian diambil dari swab karies gigi pasien diabetes melitus yang berobat di Poli Penyakit Dalam RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau. Spesimen plak gigi diisolasi, dikultur, dan diidentifikasi di laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan laboratorium Sentral FK UNRI. Data ditampilkan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi dan dinyatakan dalam presentase. Hasil: Pola bakteri pada karies gigi pasien diabetes melitus adalah gram positif berupa Streptococcus sp (26,3%), Staphylococcus areus (5,3%) dan CNS (15,8%) sedangkan gram negatif berupa Escherichia coli (10,53%) dan Klebsiella sp (42,10%). Dari hasil uji PCR didapatkan Streptococccus mutans (40%). Simpulan: Pola bakteri pada plak karies gigi pasien diabetes mellitus untuk Gram positif terbanyak berupa Streptococcus sp sedangkan Gram negatif berupa Klebsiella sp.Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus, karies gigi, pola bakteri. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Dental caries is an infectious disease in hard tooth tissue that has a high prevalence in the community. Patients with chronic and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) predispose to the formation of dental caries. Various factors, including bacteria, cause dental caries. This study was aimed to determine the bacterial pattern in dental caries of DM patients. Methods: This was an experimental laboratory study. The sample was taken from dental caries swab of DM patients in the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital, Riau Province. Dental plaque specimens were isolated, cultured, and identified in the Microbiology laboratory and the Central laboratory of FK UNRI. Data is presented in the form of a frequency distribution table and expressed in percentages. Results: The bacterial pattern in dental caries of DM patients were Gram-positive with details of Streptococcus sp (26.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (5.3%) and CNS (15.8%) while Gram-negative with details of Escherichia coli (10.53%) and Klebsiella sp (42.10%). From the PCR test results, 2 cases of Streptococcus mutants were identified. Conclusion: Bacterial pattern on dental caries plaque of DM patients for the most positive Gram was Streptococcus sp while Gram-negative was Klebsiella sp.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, dental caries, bacterial pattern.
Relation of anxiety and pulse rate before tooth exctraction of 6-9 years old children
Authors: De Hersa Sarah Cinthia Richy Artha , Herdiyati Yetty , Tjahajawati Sri 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Anxiety in children during dental treatment is a common problem that affects the success of dental care. Only a few patients come to the dentist without anxiety and it will be far more difficult for dentists to provide satisfactory dental care for tense patients compared to patients who are relaxed and cooperative.The purpose of this study was to analized relationship of the anxiety in children with pulse rate aged 6-9 years old before tooth extraction. Methods: This method of this study was descriptive with a sample of 30 children aged 6-9 years old. The samples collected by using purposive sampling at the first time they would get dental extraction treatment. Measurement used questionnaire with Corah method and measure their pulse before tooth extraction. Results: The result shows in 30 children aged 6-9 years old who first came to the dentist there are 90% children who have no anxiety, 3,3% children who have high anxiety, and 6,7% children who have highest anxiety. The result of statistical analysis of obtained p-value is 0,001 less than 0,05 indicating a significant relationship between anxiety and pulse rate of children before tooth extraction. Conclusion: There is strong relationship of the anxiety with the child’s pulse before tooth extraction of 6-9 year old children.
Inhibitory concentrations of gambier (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) catechins extract against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Inmawaty Jesieca , Sudjarwo Indrati , Satari Mieke Hemiawati 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Catechin which extracted from gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) is a major component of polyphenol compounds. The catechins compound acts as an antibacterial. The study was to analyze the inhibitory concentration gambir catechin extract against Streptococcus mutans as the bacteria that play a role in the formation of dental caries. Methods: The study was conducted in a laboratory experiment by testing inhibitory concentration gambir catechin extract, through Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method on plates TYCSB for 1 x 24 hours. Test bacteria Streptococcus mutans isolated from saliva. The used suspension of bacteria was made according to the standard turbidity of Mc Farland 0.5 are each 1 ml suspension containing 1.5 x 108 bacteria. The powder obtained from catechin gambir extract through freezing method. Results: Catechins concentrations of 20% produces the lowest inhibition, with an inhibitory diameter of 0,615 cm. The largest inhibition produces by the concentration of catechins with 80% inhibition at 1,085 cm inhibitory diameter. Conclusion: The higher concentration of catechins, the greater inhibition produces. Conversely, the lower concentration of catechins will be lower inhibition produces. the resulting zone of inhibition will be smaller.
The motivation of fixed orthodontic appliance patients with two-years of usage time
Authors: Widyandari Paramita , Malik Isnaniah , Sunaryo Iwa Rahmat 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Motivation is the power that moves a person to behave, think, and feel like they do. The patient’s motivation when doing orthodontic treatment is essential to determine the success of the treatment. This study aimed to determine the description of the motivation of patients who have been using fixed orthodontic devices for two years at Dental Hospital Universitas Padjadjaran (RSGM Unpad). Methods: This type of research is done by using descriptive methods. The sampling technique is total sampling with the number of research samples obtained was 34 people. This research was conducted during October 2011. The type of patient motivation was determined by using a quartile in scoring the results of the questionnaire answers given to respondents, namely patients who came to the RSGM specialist integrated care facility. Patients’ motivation is categorized as very high, high, low, and very low. Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents were women, teenagers and young adults, with high school education and university students. Patient motivation levels obtained from data analysis were only very high and high categories in orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: All the respondents have a relatively high motivation for undergoing orthodontic treatment at the RSGM Unpad and no respondents who have low motivation.
Clinical features of oral cavity of patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma undergoing chemotherapy
Authors: Suroso Diptakanya Murdi , Dewi Tenny Setiani , Fadjari Trinugroho Heri 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma is one of hematologic malignancy that responds to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy agent can cause oral complication such as oral mucositis, hemorrhage, xerostomia, hyposalivation and periodontitist. The purpose of this study is to determine the clinical feature of the oral cavity in patients with non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma whose underwent chemotherapy Method: This study used an observational descriptive method. This type of research is observational descriptive. The study population was non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma sufferers who were undergoing chemotherapy at the Hematology and Medical Oncology Outpatient Installation Division of Internal Medicine at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. The study sample was taken by consecutive sampling method The numbers of samples in this study were 30 people according to predetermined criteria. Result: The result shows that all samples have abnormalities of the oral cavity that patients who have an abnormality are amounted to 20% and patients who have more than one kind of oral abnormalities amounted to 80%. An abnormality of the oral cavity that the most often found in this study is xerostomia with hyposalivation. Conclusion: Clinical feature of the oral cavity in patients with non-Hodgkin`s lymphoma whose underwent chemotherapy are abnormalities in the oral cavity, where the number of samples that experienced more than one type of oral cavity abnormality was greater when compared to the number of samples with a kind of abnormality. Oral cavity. Most of the samples studied had oral cavity abnormalities in the form of serostomia accompanied by hyposalivation.
Microscopic appearance of healthy teeth, burned-tooth and automobile battery solution soaked tooth for the importance of visum in forensic dentistry
Authors: Rozano Randy , Dardjan Murnisari , Oscandar Fahmi 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The hard tissue of the teeth is resistant to heat and acid, so that the teeth have an important role as a material consideration of forensic dentistry. The humans have the same shape of the teeth around one in two billion. The stimuli of burn with high temperature and sour can be change the picture of macroscopic and microscopic tooth. This is the subject of an interesting comparison in the interests of justice and identification of dentistry. Methods: This research was a quasi experiment to analyzed change of microscopic teeth on the hard cases tooth-burning and the case hard acid treatment.The sample used were seven teeth, with details of one normal as a comparison, three teeth burned and three teeth soaked in a solution of water of accu.. Observations were made using the microscope at 40x enlarged on each tooth. The tooth was documented by means of a photographed and compared with healthy teeth. Observing and comparing the microscopic structure and the obtained differences in the teeth and treated with the picture of normal teeth. Results: The results of this study was obtained by observing and comparing the microscopic structure and the obtaineddifferences in the teeth and treated with the picture of normal teeth. Conclusion: The tooth are burned was visible loss of enamel at the cement-enamel junction as a result of the process of carbonization heat exposure so as to cause a breach of micro on the outer layer of the tooth enamel and thinning of dentin tubules, while the teeth are in the soak water accu (strong acid) seen change in color of enamel, micro cracks due to defective enamel and depletion of tubulus dentine and loss of boundary between the cementum and dentine.
Plaque index of 7-year-old children at Coblong Public Elementary School (SDN) 1, 2, 3, 6 and Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School
Authors: Fajri Wulan Desika , Setiawan Asty Samiaty , Suryanti Netty 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Caries is the main oral cavity problem in children. One of the factors causing caries is dental plaque. The purpose of this research is to know the plaque index of 7-year-old children at Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 and Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School Bandung City in the year 2011. Method: The type of research is descriptive research with survey method. A total of 143 samples at Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 and 112 samples at Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School were obtained based on total sampling technique. Result: This research shows that the average plaque index of children age 7 years at Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 Bandung City in the year 2011 amounted to 1.37 and children age 7 years at Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School Bandung City in the year 2011 amounted to 0.74. Conclusions: Children aged 7 years in Public Elementary School Coblong 1, 2, 3, 6 and Salman Al-Farisi Elementary School Bandung City in 2011 has fair criteria of plaque index.
The difference in the measurement of freeway space in an upright sitting position with and without electromyograph
Authors: Halim Stevani Monika , Sumarsongko Taufik , Adenan Aprilia 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Measurement of vertical dimension is very important because improper measurement of vertical dimension may create stomatognatic problem. Electromyography is a tool for recording electrical signals generated from the mechanism of muscle contraction.This study aims to determine the accuracy of measurements of FWS with and without electromyograph. Methods: This research was a descriptive comparative study using purposive sampling methods. Measurements of FWS in an upright sitting position with and without electromyograph were done on 10 students of class 2008 from Faculty of Dentistry, UNPAD who met the criteria. Data were analyzed by t test statistics, showed that there were significant differences in the measurements with and without electromyography in upright sitting position. Results: The mean of FWS measured with electromyography was 2.38 mm with standard deviation of 0.44 mm, whereas the mean of FWS measured without electromyography was 1.69 mm with a standard deviation of 0.46 mm. Average FWS in men measured with electromyography was 2.51 mm with a standard deviation of 0.15 mm, whereas the mean without electromyography was 1.68 mm with a standard deviation of 0.43 mm. Average FWS in women measured with electromyography was 2.35 mm with a standard deviation of 0.49 mm, whereas the mean without electromyography was 1.69 mm with a standard deviation of 0.50 mm. Conclusion: The measurements of FWS with electromyograph in an upright seating position was greater than without electromyography.
Table Substitution Box Method for Increasing Security in Interval Splitting Arithmetic Coding
Authors: Kiruba E.Wiselin , K. Ramar 
Published: May 2020

Amalgamation of compression and security is indispensable in the field of multimedia applications. A novel approach to enhance security with compression is discussed in this Â research paper. In secure arithmetic coder (SAC), security is provided by input and output permutation methods and compression is done by interval splitting arithmetic coding. Permutation in SAC is susceptible to attacks. Encryption issues associated with SAC is dealt in this research method. The aim of this proposed method is to encrypt the data first by Table Substitution Box (T-box) and then to compress by Interval Splitting Arithmetic Coder (ISAC). This method incorporates dynamic T-box in order to provide better security. T-box is a method, constituting elements based on the random output of Pseudo Random Generator (PRNG), which gets the input from Secure Hash Algorithm-256 (SHA-256) message digest. The current scheme is created, based on the key, which is known to the encoder and decoder. Further, T-boxes are created by using the previous message digest as a key. Â Existing interval splitting arithmetic coding of SAC is applied for compression of text data. Interval splitting finds a relative position to split the intervals and this in turn brings out compression. The result divulges that permutation replaced by T-box method provides enhanced security than SAC. Data is not revealed when permutation is replaced by T-box method. Security exploration reveals that the data remains secure to cipher text attacks, known plain text attacks and chosen plain text attacks. This approach results in increased security to Interval ISAC. Additionally the compression ratioÂ is compared by transferring the outcome of T-boxÂ to traditionalÂ arithmetic coding. The comparison proved that there is a minor reduction in compression ratio in ISAC than arithmetic coding. However the security provided by ISAC overcomes the issues of compression ratio inÂ arithmetic coding.Â
Synthesis ,Characterization and invitro evaluation of anticancer activity of new hydroxamicacid basedHDACi containing substituted thaizolesas a cap linking moiety.
Authors: Hamed Fadil M . , Mohammad Mohammad .H. 
Published: May 2020

The present study was undertaken to synthesize, characterize and evaluate the anticancer activity of new derivatives of hydroxamate â€“based HDACi having S-subistituted-5-amino1,3,4thadiazole as a cap linking moiety ,with suitable aliphatic linker.The structures and purity of the targeted compounds were confirmed by TLC , FTIR ,H-NMR and mass spectroscopy and their anticancer activity were evaluated by comparative cytotoxic study , Using HeLa nuclear extract and normal embryonic fibroblasts cell lines.All the synthesized compounds shows good anticancer activity, represented by their high rate of growth inhibition on Hela cell line and low cytotocic effect on normal cell line .Compound (VAb) show the best safety index(SI) that represented by its selective cytotoxic activity on HeLa cell linewith low cytotoxic effect on normal embryonic cell line.
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF A SOLAR PARABOLIC TROUGH COLLECTOR FOR CIRCULAR AND ELLIPTICAL ABSORBER
Authors: R Suresh. , Bose.R Subash Chandra , K Arumugam. , R Anbazhagan. , V Sathiyamoorthy. , N.A Nagendran. , E Prakash. 
Published: May 2020

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Solar parabolic trough collector is one of the most efficient and an effective technology to deal with environmental pollution and it has gained much attention due to the recent energy demand. The solar parabolic trough collector is one of the most promising techniques for absorbing the heat from the sun. This heat is utilized for electricity generation and other industrial heating applications. This paper describes the theoretical and experimental assessment of performance of the circular and elliptical absorbers used in solar parabolic trough collector. The absorber tube of parabolic trough collector is used to transfer the heat to the working fluid. The working fluid considered over here is water which is the best operating medium in direct steam generation. The mass flow rate of water in absorber tube is analyzed in 3 stages as 0.016, 0.024 and 0.030 kg/s respectively. The experimental test is done in Chennai-Tamilnadu, Southern part of India which experiences a superior temperature throughout the year. The experiment is conducted for the period of one year from June 2015 to May 2016. The performance improvement focuses on collector efficiency, useful heat transfer rate, outlet temperature of working fluid, temperature gradient, overall heat transfer rate and the thermal losses.
ON CERTAIN TOPOLOGICAL INDICES OF BENZENOID COMPOUNDS
Authors: Prabhu S. , Arulperumjothi M. 
Published: May 2020

Drug discovery is mainly the result of chance discovery and massive screening of large corporate libraries of synthesized or naturally-occurring compounds. Computer aided drug design is an approach to rational drug design made possible by the recent advances in computational chemistry in various fields of chemistry, such as molecular graphics, molecular mechanics, quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics, library searching, prediction of physical, chemical, and biological properties.Â The structure of a chemical compound can be represented by a graph whose vertex and edge specify the atom and bonds respectively. Topological indices are designed basically by transforming a molecular graph into a number. A topological index is a numeric quantity of a molecule that is mathematically derived from the structural graph of a molecule. In this paper we compute certain topological indices of pyrene molecular graph. The topological indices are used in quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) studies.Â
Lattice Gas Automata Applications to Estimate Effective Porosity and Permeability Barrier Model of the Triangle with a Height Variation
Authors: Halauddin Halauddin , Suhendra Suhendra , Isa Muhammad 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung porositas efektif (фeff) dan permeabilitas (k) menggunakan model segitiga dengan variasi tinggi yaitu 3, 4, 5, 6 dan 7 cm. Perhitungan porositas dan permeabilitas yang efektif dilakukan dengan menggunakan model Lattice Gas Automata (LGA), yang diimplementasikan dengan bahasa pemrograman Delphi 7.0. Untuk model segitiga penghalang dengan tinggi 3, 4, 5, 6 dan 7 cm, nilai porositas efektif dan permeabilitas, masing-masing: фeff (T1) = 0,1690, k (T1) = 0 , 001339 pixel2; фeff (T2) = 0,1841, k (T2) = 0,001904 pixel2; фeff (T3) = 0,1885, k (T3) = 0,001904 pixel2; фeff (T4) = 0,1938, k (T4) = 0001925 pixel2; dan фeff (T5) = 0,2053, k (T5) = 0,002400 pixel2. Dari hasil simulasi, diperoleh tinggi segitiga akan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai porositas efektif dan permeabilitas. Pada segitiga lebih tinggi, menyebabkan tabrakan model aliran fluida LGA mengalami lebih banyak hambatan untuk penghalang, sehingga porositas efektif dan permeabilitas menurun. Sebaliknya, jika segitiga lebih rendah, menyebabkan tabrakan model aliran fluida LGA mengalami lebih sedikit hambatan untuk penghalang, sehingga porositas efektif dan permeabilitas meningkat.This research purposed to calculate the effective porosity (feff) and permeability (k) using the barrier model of the triangle with a high varying are 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 cm. Effective porosity and permeability calculations performed using the model Lattice Gas Automata (LGA), which is implemented with Delphi 7.0 programming language. For model the barrier triangle with a high of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 cm, the value of effective porosity and permeability, respectively: feff(T1)=0,1690, k(T1)=0,001339 pixel2; feff(T2)=0,1841, k(T2)=0,001904 pixel2; feff(T3)=0,1885, k(T3)=0,001904 pixel2; feff(T4)=0,1938, k(T4)= 0001925 pixel2; and feff(T5)=0,2053, k(T5)=0,002400 pixel2. From the simulation results, obtained by the high of the triangle will be a significant effect on the value of effective porosity and permeability. If the triangle highest, causing the collision of fluid flow models LGA experience more obstacles to the barrier, so that the effective porosity and permeability decrease. Conversely, if the triangle lower, causing the collision of fluid flow models LGA experience less obstacles to the barrier, so that the effective porosity and permeability increases.Keywords: Effective porosity, permeability, model triangle, model LGA
Book Trailer “Nawung, Puteri Malu dari Jawa” Dengan Teknik Pop-Up Projection Mapping
Authors: Fijriani Nissa 
Published: May 2020

Audiovisual medium is an effective medium for conveying information. The arts of videography gives birth to products that can not only displays the expression of it’s creator but also useful. Book trailers have a literacy function that can be a good communication medium for preserving a reading culture by recommending a book. One of audiovisual characteristics which involve more than one human senses to enjoy it has its own power to achieve its purpose. This book trailer takes some parts of the story in the novel “Nawung, Puteri Malu dari Jawa” which arranged into a series of story footage. The compiled plot will be translated into a book trailer format. By using the pop-up projection mapping technique which is a combination of manual techniques (paper cutting and pop-up books) and digital (motion graphics and projection mapping), a book trailer will be made to recommend the novel “Nawung, Puteri Malu dari Jawa”to the wider community.