bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the influence of acceleration curve on electric vehicle energy consumption and battery life
Authors: Li Lifu , Liu Qin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
At present, much research on acceleration curve mainly focuses on reducing electric vehicle energy consumption, but there has been less consideration given to the impact on battery life, which will result in a decrease in battery life, and in turn leads to a short driving range for electric vehicle. Aiming at the problem, the relationship among acceleration curve and electric vehicle energy consumption and battery life is studied, and when electric vehicle accelerates with a single, two and three accelerations under neighborhood, urban and highway conditions, the difference between electric vehicle energy consumption per kilometer (ECPM) and percentage of battery capacity loss per kilometer (PBCLPM) is studied. Research results show that the variation trend of electric vehicle ECPM with acceleration and acceleration time under different working conditions is basically contrary to the variation trend of PBCLPM. The two are mutually contradictory, therefore, when optimizing the acceleration curve, you should not only consider energy consumption, but also consider the effect of acceleration curve on battery life.
Effect of acid treatment of Li7La3Zr2O12 on ionic conductivity of composite solid electrolytes
Authors: Xu Jingru , Tian Wensheng , Lu Kai , Shan Shuang , Zhang Jingze , Wu Yongmin , Wu Mengqiang , Tang Weiping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The garnet-type metal oxide Li7La3Zr2O12(LLZO) is considered to be one of the most promising compounds for solid lithium ion batteries because of its high ionic conductivity at room temperature and excellent chemical stability with the metal Li. LLZO is unstable in humid air and easily forms Li2CO3 on the surface, which leads to the decrease of ion conductivity. In this paper, chemical treatment by oxalic acid is carried out to remove the lithium carbonate on the surface of LLZO. The results show that oxalic acid with a concentration ratio of 5% can completely remove lithium carbonate. Composite polymer electrolyte membranes fabricated by the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)and LLZO before and after the acid treatment are prepared to evaluate the effect on ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivity is 1.4×10−4 Scm−1 and 9.0×10−4 S cm−1 for samples added the LLZO before and after the acid treatment, respectively.
Research on Investment Benefit Evaluation Technology of Wind Power Project
Authors: Wang Li , Liang Junxia , Liu Jinpeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Wind power projects have high investment costs and long payback periods, so comprehensive investment returns and wind power project assessments are essential. Based on the current status and development trends of Chinese wind power projects, this paper builds an index system and model for evaluating the investment benefits of wind power projects based on TOPSIS theory. The research results can provide reference and guidance for the comprehensive evaluation of investment benefits of wind power projects.
Review of Theoretical Research and Engineering Practice for Demand Response Market Mechanisms and Its Suggestions for China
Authors: Yucheng Ren , Teng Zhang , Xiaodong Cao , Kang Xie , Junjun Shao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
As a substitute for the traditional generator units, the demand side resources can participate in peak-cutting and valley-filling in the power system by changing their operating power, which is called demand response (DR). The DR market mechanism will play a significant role in guiding power users to actively participate in DR. For a long time in the past, Chinese DR practice mainly relied on administrative methods. These methods have adapted to the monopoly power market environment, but it is difficult to adapt to the current state of the power system reform. Based on this background, this paper first summarizes the widely- used price-based DR market mechanism and incentive-based DR market mechanism. Besides, the point-based market mechanism recently proposed is analysed. Then, based on the theoretical research of the market mechanism, the DR engineering practice in the United States, Europe and China is introduced. The point-based market mechanism practice in Jiangsu Province is focused on. The advantages and disadvantages of each market mechanism are analysed. Finally, according to the current development situation of China’s power market, the suggestions about the DR mechanism are put forward for China.
Research Progress of Rotary Desiccant Wheel Optimization Technology
Authors: Du Zhehua , Lin Xin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The new efficiency dehumidification technology can meet the comfort requirements in the household environment and the relevant industrial dehumidification standards, which is in line with the energy conservation and environmental protection policy. The rotary desiccant wheel is of relatively mature technology, which has advantages of simple equipment, less consumption and environment-friendly. However, there are still several aspects to improve the technology, for example, the improvement in adsorption ability of desiccants, heat and mass transfer performance of the internal dehumidifying device, utilization efficiency of the low-grade energy sources. In this paper, the recent optimization techniques for rotary desiccant wheel systems are summarized. Five aspects of optimization such as development of new composite desiccant, invention of structure of desiccant bed, novel design of circulation system, enhancement of the utilization efficient of low-grade source energy and operation optimum with ambient air condition, are described. This review may provide some reference for the actual application of rotary wheel dehumidification system.
Geological and hydrogeological features of the lower Permian carbonate locally bituminous complex of the Tatarstan
Authors: Ibrahimov R L , Korolev E A , Eskin A A , Nuriyev I S , Barieva E R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Lower Permian bituminous complex is characterized by complex hydrogeological conditions. The predominant type of reservoir is mixed porous-fractured-cavernous. Water layers lateral prevalence is directly related to the degree of fracturing and cavernous of dolomites and limestones. Regional hydrogeological studies have shown that at the dividing ranges the Lower Perm sedimentary stratum is anhydrous, and in the river valleys it is water-rich. The center parts of such areas are erosive incisions of river valleys. From the periphery to karst regions center, a consistent increase in well flow rates and a decrease in piezometric groundwater levels from the slopes of dividing ranges to the river valleys are observed. In the domed sections of the South Tatar Arch in the Asselian - Sakmarian sediments, calcium-sulphate waters with a total salinity of 1.5 to 3.5-4.0 g/dm3 are prevalent. Sodium sulfate waters appear within the western slope of the arch. Within the eastern part of the Melekess Depression, the Asselian-Sakmarian stage groundwater deposits are already completely sulphate-sodium. The predominance of sodium components over calcium in groundwater is observed during total salinity of 4.5-5.5 g/dm3. In the areas of the Melekess Depression, where the Lower Permian sediments are drowning, groundwater acquires to sodium-chloride composition.
Prospects for the titanium carrying Triassic formations of the Bolshaya Synya depression of the Pre-Uralian marginal flexure
Authors: Sokerin M , Saldin V , Golubeva I , Sokerina N , Korolev E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
It was established potentially industrial titanium-containing terrigenous rocks from the Lower and Middle Triassic formations of the southern part of the Bolshaya Synya depression, Pre-Uralian marginal flexure. Sandstones contain the bulk of productive mineralization and makeup about 80% of the Triassic section. Sandstones are represented by weakly lithified, finely grained lithoclast greywackes scattered in the hands with weakly rounded unsorted fragments, with pore, film, and contact type of cement form by hydrogetite and illite and chlorite. The proportion of relatively strong sandstones with calcite-siderite cement does not exceed 10% of the studied section. The deposits are formed in alluvial and pluvial, lacustrine depositional environments within the wide alluvial plain. The rocks belong to the upper part of the thick Permo-Triassic continental molasses formed in compensated depressions as a result of the destruction of the Paleo Uralian Orogeny. The main minerals of the heavy fraction are epidote, ilmenite, titanomagnetite, and amphibole; the minor minerals are chlorite, goethite, martite, pyroxene, chrome spinel and a group of garnets. The share of zircon does not exceed the first percent. The main mineral concentrator of titanium is ilmenite, the minor minerals are manganilmenite, titanomagnetite, titanite, leucoxene aggregates, rutile, and pyrophanite. The hypothetical primary source of ilmenite was epidote and amphibole contains shale or epidote containing amphibolite formed from a mafic substrate. The thickness of titanium contains layers is 1–4 m with an ilmenite content of more than 30 kg/m3. At the local level, ilmenite and titanomagnetite mineralization is concentrated in the form of small jets, lenses, puffs, and interlayer bodies. The average contents of ilmenite are comparable with those of the well-known titanium and zirconium placer deposits in Russia. The data presented in the article make it possible to predict the existence of new titanium contains region in the Triassic deposits of the south part of the Bolshaya Synya depression. The productivity of the region should be associated with continental ilmenite placers.
Residence Time Distribution Study in Laboratory Scale Struvite Crystallization Reactor with Online Conductivity Measurement
Authors: Ulfa R , Machdar I , Yunardi Y , Rinaldi W , Jauharlina J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Elimination Residence time distribution (RTD) analysis is necessary to explain the hydrodynamic behavior of a continuous stirred tank reactor. In this study, RTD was applied in a laboratory scale struvite crystallization reactor to estimate the degree on non-ideality and its effect on the reactor performance i.e. effective volume, actual hydraulic residence time (HRT), and material dispersion. An impulse-response tracer (NaCl saturated solution) approach and a conductivity meter to detect of the NaCl at the effluent of the reactor were applied. To evaluate effects on the reactor performance, variation of impeller locations, impeller speeds, and flowrates were conducted. The main findings from this study showed that the difference between actual and theoretical HRT was found around as around 10%-34% and 30%-37% for condition of the impeller location at the upper and lower part, respectively. These percentages were corresponding to the reactor’s effective volume, lower percentage means higher effective volume. This finding correlated to the value of dispersion number. It was found to be about 1.612 and 0.49 for the impeller location at the upper and lower part, respectively. Finally, it was observed that the tracer was being almost 100% recovered in the reactor due to a good flow pattern and its impeller location affects the reactor’s performance.
Utilization of Avocado Seed Waste as Raw Material for Producing Biodiesel with CaO Catalyst from Eggshell
Authors: Valensya D , Rozalia I , Zuhra  , Syamsuddin Y 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAvocado is one of the plants that thrives in the tropical area such as Indonesia. Avocados produce waste in the form of avocado seeds because it is less used. The oil from avocado seeds contains triglyceride as raw materials in biodiesel synthesis. Biodiesel is an alternative diesel oil from the transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats with the addition of catalyst. The objective of this study was to utilize avocado seed waste as raw material in the production of biodiesel and eggshell waste as source of CaO catalyst. The various effect of reaction conditions, such as methanol-to-oil molar ratio (3:1–12:1), reaction time (30–120 min), and amount of catalyst loading (1–7% wt) were investigated. Catalyst reusability was also studied. Result showed that the highest biodiesel oil was obtained from reaction with the condition of 6:1 methanol-to-oil ratio, 60 min reaction time, 5% wt amount of catalyst loading, and the catalyst can be reused up to 3 reaction cycles with the yield above 75%. The physico-chemical properties of biodiesel produced met the SNI standar of biodiesel quality.
Evaluation on the UV-Shielding Performance of Self-polymerized Dopamine-blended Membrane
Authors: Mawarni S , Meirisa F , Muchtar S , Wahab M Y , Mulyati S , Suraiya  , Rosnelly C M , Sofyana  , Syamsuddin Y , Arahman N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Herein we reported the UV resistance evaluation of PVDF membrane which modified through a new blending combined polymerization method. The membrane was prepared by means of non-solvent induced phase separation process in which dopamine was blended altogether with polyvinylidene fluoride polymer in a dimethylacetamide solvent. The blended membrane was further modified by immersion into tris-HCl system to trigger the self-polymerization of dopamine into polydopamine. The UV stability performance was studied by exposing the membrane to the UV light for 5 days. The morphological change of the membrane was observed by using scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results revealed that, with only blending the dopamine into the membrane system, the membrane was severely damaged after UV exposure. However, by simply immersing the blended membrane into buffer Tris-HCl solution, the membrane showed minimal morphological damage after similar UV exposure treatment. This membrane can be a promising choice for the photocatalytic membrane reactor application.
Improving Physical Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol Film through The Addition of Nanocellulose Prepared from Palm Oil Solid Waste
Authors: Syafrina D , Aprilia S , Arifin B , Razali N , Khalil H P S A , Amin A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Cellulose from the palm oil solid waste (oil palm shells and stems) be isolated and used as a filler material in a biodegradable plastic, in order to improve its mechanical properties. Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) is a biodegradable polymer and compatible for nanocellulose fillers, where its mechanical properties can reach the same level as the conventional plastic. In this study, nanocellulose has been successfully prepared from the oil palm shells and stems with acid hydrolysis method and applied as a filler for PVA/nanocellulose film composite. The characterizations include Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical properties (tensile and elongation). The FTIR and DSC analysis confirm the improvement of the mechanical properties after the addition of nanocellulose, where the tensile strength reaches 14.64 kgf/mm2 with the optimal thermal ratio at 203.5°C. Nevertheless, the addition of 20% nanocellulose reduces the value of tensile strength and elongation.
Reduction of Zn(II) ions in Acid Mine Drainage by Adsorption Using Adsorbent Prepared from Bone Coal
Authors: Arifah N R , Muslim A , Syahiddin D S , Rinaldi W , Meilina H , Salamun A , Mariana  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study proposed a method to reduce Zn(II) ions concentration in the acid mine drainage using a novel activated bone coal. Bone coal was activated using NaOH solution with varied concentration. The effect of independent variables such as adsorption time, activator NaOH concentration and initial concentration of Zn(II) ions on adsorption capacity of activated bone coal (A-BC) was investigated. Metal content analysis using AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy), functional group analysis using Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and morphological analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were conducted. The Zn(II) ions adsorption onto the A-BC had excellent fitting with correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.86) to the pseudo second-order adsorption kinetic. It followed Langmuir isotherm with R2 being 0.89. Optimum condition of A-BC and Zn(II) ions solution system was obtained at 27°C consisted of 1 g of adsorbent with 0.4 M NaOH activator in 100 mL Zn(II) ions solution at pH 4.5 stirred at 150-rpm, and Zn(II) ions adsorption capacity of activated bone coal was 11.223 mg/g.
Transesterification of Pangium Edule Reinw oil to biodiesel using durian rind ash as heterogeneous catalysts
Authors: Yanti D. , Husin H , Yani F T , Maulana A , Adisalamun A , Husaini H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to know the effect of addition durian rind ash as a catalyst for biodiesel production. Waste of Durian rind ash containing potassium oxide compound can be used as a novel heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification process. Potassium oxide in durian rind ash catalyst has been synthesized by the simple burning method. In this research, durian rind ash catalyst was potentially for biodiesel production from Pangi (Pangium Edule Reinw) oil. The optimum biodiesel yield of 96.24% can be achieved over durian rind ash catalyst of 5 wt.% of catalyst, reaction temperature 65°C at 1 hour, and a methanol-to-Pangi oil ratio of 8:1. The characterization was also conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Use of hydrodynamic cavitation for esterification of free fatty acids in waste cooking oil
Authors: Rizal M , Suriaini N , Syamsuddin Y , Supardan M D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Esterification followed by transesterification process is widely applied for biodiesel production from oil with high free fatty acids (FFA) content to remove the FFA and increase the yield of biodiesel. The aim of this research was to study the esterification of waste cooking oil using the hydrodynamic cavitation apparatus. Waste cooking oil with initial FFA content 4.33% was esterified with methanol using sulfuric acid 1%-w/w as the catalyst. The reaction condition was kept constant for 120 minutes of total reaction time. At the best operating condition i.e. molar ratio of waste cooking oil to methanol 1:10 and reaction temperature 50 °C, the initial FFA of waste cooking oil 4.33% reduced to 0.76%. The experimental results also showed that the hydrodynamic cavitation had better performance than the conventional process using mechanical stirring.
Optimization of biogas production in Indonesian region by liquid anaerobic digestion (L-AD) method from rice husk using response surface methodology (RSM)
Authors: Nugraha W D , Syafrudin  , Kusumastuti V N , Matin H H A , Budiyono  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rice husk is one of agricultural waste that is potentially converted to biogas. In this research, rice husk is used as the material to produce biogas by liquid anaerobic digestion (L-AD) with TS concentration below 15/5. The purposes of this research are finding the optimum value of total solid (TS), C/N ratio, and microbial consortium (MC) for biogas production and then analyzing the optimum biogas production rate from rice husk. Because of the high lignin content, rice husk must be through the pretreatment stage using NaOH 3%. The variations of the observed factor are 5%, 10%, 15% for TS concentration; 20, 35, 50 for C/N ratio; and 3%, 6%, 9% for MC concentration. There are 16 reactors in which the variation for each reactor was determined by Central Composite Design. Data obtained from the research will be optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in Statistica 10. The result shows that the optimum condition of biogas production from rice husk is TS in between 1%-2.5%, C/N ration 33.45, and MC in between 5.5%-7%. Reactor having a combination of value factors that close to the optimum value will be analyzed using Polymath 6.0, which is reactor 10. The kinetics constant of biogas production rate (u) is 3.625 ml/grTS.day, the maximum biogas production (A) is 277.374 ml/gr TS, and the minimum time needed to produce biogas (λ) is 3.878 days.
A review: biogas production from tofu liquid waste
Authors: Budiyono B , Syaichurrozi I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The tofu consumption will increase in the future. As consequent, the tofu production increases significantly. In other side, the amount of tofu wastes also increases. The solid waste can be utilized as solid compost but the liquid waste is discharged directly to the waster bodies at the moment. The latter is potential to be used as biogas feedstock. Some important factors affecting biogas rate need to be considered such as power Hydrogen (pH), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) to Nitrogen ratio, Total solid (TS) content, biological agent addition, initial concentration and two-stage anaerobic digestion. Furthermore, purification of the biogas formed by digestion of the tofu liquid waste is needed to be conducted to increase the methane content and decrease carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogensulfide (H2S) content. The H2S has to be removed prior to CO2 removal. The H2S can be removed by biofiltration and CO2 can be removed by biological absorption with help of microalgae. The effluent of anaerobic digester (digestate) may still contain high pollutant so it can be used as nutrient sources for microalgae. The zero waste system for tofu industries is successfully proposed in this paper. Future trend in treating tofu liquid waste in not only for biogas production butalso for biohydrogen production.
Stressed state “boundary layer” in a round plate of variable thickness according to refined theory
Authors: Firsanov V V , Doan Q H , Bui T T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Based on the refined theory, the edge stress state of an isotropic round plate of variable thickness under the influence of local load was considered. In constructing the mathematical model of the plate, three-dimensional equations of the theory of elasticity and the variation Lagrange principle were used. Displacements were represented in the form of polynomials along with the coordinate normal to the middle surface, which was two degrees higher than the classical theory of the Kirchhoff – Love type. The resolving system of equations includes eleven ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients. The solution of the formulated boundary-value problem was carried out by finite difference methods and matrix sweeps. The deformations and tangential stresses of the plate were determined from the corresponding geometric and physical equations of the elasticity theory. This article has been focused on identifying the stress state of the boundary layer type near rigidly and elastically fixed edges by the round plate where the destruction of thin-walled structural elements in machinery, including aviation and space technology, takes place.
The application of radar absorbing materials to reduce interference emissions from instruments and devices of spacecraft electrical systems
Authors: Zhukov P A , Kirillov V Yu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The study of interference emissions, the model of the spacecraft module in the case when the radio-absorbing material TPMV-1C is placed in the internal space of the module model is carried out. The interference emissions are created by an on-board instrument simulator located in the internal space of the spacecraft module model. A noticeable decrease in the interference emission of the spacecraft module model is demonstrated with the use of radar absorbing material. The expediency of using the TPMV-1C radar absorbing material to reduce the interference emissions of on-board instruments and devices of electrical systems of spacecraft is shown.