bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perfil demográfico y clínico de pacientes con atrofia muscular espinal: serie de 31 pacientes
Authors: Urrutia Osorio Marta Eugenia , Ruiz García Matilde 
Published: March 2020

ANTECEDENTES: La atrofia muscular espinal es la principal causa de muerte por enfermedad genética en lactantes. Es un trastorno degenerativo de las neuronas del asta anterior de la médula espinal. Según la edad de presentación se clasifica en 5 tipos. Las manifestaciones clínicas son: debilidad, hipotonía, atrofia muscular y retraso psicomotor. OBJETIVO: Conocer las características clínicas de pacientes mexicanos con atrofia muscular espinal (AME) que permitan el reconocimiento oportuno de la patología y el inicio de medidas terapéuticas. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo, retrolectivo, observacional y descriptivo al que se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico clínico y/o molecular de atrofia muscular espinal.RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 31 pacientes, 15 de ellos con atrofia muscular espinal I, 13 con AME II y 3 con AME III. Todos los pacientes iniciaron con debilidad muscular, hipotonía y retraso del desarrollo psicomotor. El diagnóstico se estableció a una edad promedio de 30.81 meses, mediana de 23, mínima 2 y máxima 108 meses. Se estableció el diagnóstico genético en 23 de los 31 pacientes. Los de la clasificación AME I fallecieron.CONCLUSIONES: La AME I es el tipo más frecuente. La debilidad severa y las infecciones de las vías respiratorias son los motivos de consulta más comunes. Las manifestaciones clínicas de la AME III son de inicio más tardío y son ortopédicas que generan discapacidad. Existe retraso en el diagnóstico de esta enfermedad y limitaciones importantes en México para el tratamiento y aplicación de la terapia modificadora, lo que limita la calidad de vida y pronóstico de los pacientes.
Nueva estrategia para identificar grupos de alimentos capaces de asociarse con la estatura
Authors: Pardío López Jeanette , Rodríguez Greenawalt Sydney , Loria Alvar , Pedraza Vargas Elizabeth , Lombardo Aburto Esther , Monroy Villafuerte Adriana , Valderrama Hernández Alejandro 
Published: March 2020

OBJETIVO: Validar una nueva estrategia para identificar grupos de alimentos capaces de asociarse con la estatura. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, observacional, analítico y exploratorio. Se obtuvo información de la alimentación de 24 horas previas, longitud y estatura para la edad y sexo de los niños sanos de 4.0 a 12.7 meses. La proporción que cada uno de los 7 grupos de alimentos tuvo en el consumo total se usó como variable independiente versus la longitud y estatura para edad y sexo como variable dependiente en modelos de regresión múltiple de tres grupos de edad (1 = 4-6, 2 = 7-9, 3 = 10-12 meses).RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 185 niños; el grupo de edad de 7 a 9 meses mostró asociación significativa con el grupo de carne: la estatura aumentó con mayor consumo de ésta. En el grupo de edad de 10 a 12 meses el grupo seno tuvo un coeficiente negativo: estatura menor con mayor proporción de consumo de leche humana.CONCLUSIONES: El método aquí descrito permitió identificar grupos de alimentos capaces de alcanzar asociación significativa con el crecimiento en estatura, en grupos pequeños de 47 a 77 niños. Esta estrategia debe ampliarse a una muestra mayor de niños y otras edades para conocer mejor la posible aplicabilidad clínica del método propuesto.
Faktor-faktor Blaming the Victim (Menyalahkan Korban) di Wilayah Praktik Kerja Sosial
Authors: Alfi Imam , Halwati Umi 
Published: March 2020

Perilaku Blaming The Victim (Menyalahkan Korban) secara psikologi memberikan pengaruh terhadap klien. Akibatnya kekerasan yang dialaminya mejadi ganda. Korban kekerasan sekaligus penyalahan korban itu sendiri. Kasus serupa sering terjadi disekitar kita. Masyarakat dengan mudah dan tanpa disadari telah melakukan kekerasan kedua melalui Blaming The Victim. Penelitian adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan dan memahami kerangka teoritis serta faktor-faktor terjadinya Blaming The Victim Data diperoleh dari buku-buku, dokumen dan jurnal serta penelitian lain yang berkaitan dengan objek penelitian. Analisis menggunakan analisi content artinya setelah data peroleh maka dilakukan verifikasi dan disajikan secara sistimatis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Blaming The Victim adalah tindakan untuk mencari pembenaran yang digunakan untuk menyudutkan/menyalahkan korban. Faktor terjadinya Blaming The Victim terdiri atas factor institusional, Faktor Situasi dan Faktor Individu. Tindakan Blaming The Victim dapat terjadi melaui verbal, non verbal dan media sosial.
Cálculo de la incertidumbre en la determinación de plaguicidas organoclorados y triazoles en café verde por gc-ms
Authors: Arias Hugo Fernando , Arrubla Juan Pablo , Giraldo Ana Isabel 
Published: March 2020

En el presente trabajo se describe la implementación de una metodología multirresiduo para la determinación de plaguicidas organoclorados y triazoles en café verde. Los plaguicidas se extrajeron con una mezcla de acetronitrilo-agua (5:2), seguida de una partición líquido-líquido y una extracción en fase sólida con fase reversa RP18. Los extractos se limpiaron posteriormente por extracción en fase sólida con cartuchos de carbón activado-NH2 para eliminar interferencias. La determinación analítica se realizó por cromatografía de gases con inyección splitless acoplada a espectrometría de masas. Se obtuvieron porcentajes de recuperación, por encima del 70%. Se evaluó la precisión instrumental y la linealidad en un rango de concentraciones inferior a los límites máximos de residualidad de cada plaguicida. Finalmente se estimó la incertidumbre de las mediciones y se obtuvo que todas las incertidumbres estuvieron por debajo del 15% al igual que los porcentajes de error en las concentraciones medidas.
Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la corioamnionitis clínica
Authors: Espitia-De La Hoz Franklin J. 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: el objetivo del presente trabajo es revisar algunos aspectos del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la corioamnionitis.Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos electrónicas para identificar literatura relevante: Pubmed, Ovid, Elsevier, Interscience, Medline, EBSCO, Scopus, SciELO (1980 al 2008) y Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group (marzo 31 del 2008) y libros de texto impresos, tratando de encontrar la mejor evidencia respecto al diagnóstico y tratamiento de la corioamnionitis.Resultados: la corioamnionitis es un síndrome que puede afectar, tanto a la madre como al feto, y que debido a sus potenciales repercusiones en el binomio madre-feto, requiere de un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno.Conclusión: la sospecha clínica de corioamnionitis es una condición catastrófica del bienestar fetal, que puede desencadenar un parto pretérmino o que potencialmente puede obligar a la inducción del parto con un feto prematuro.
Colposuspensión laparoscópica lateral de Dubuisson: alternativa para la corrección del prolapso apical cuando hay contraindicación para fijar al sacro. Reporte de tres casos
Authors: De Los Ríos José F. , González Pablo A. 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: describir la técnica y los resultados a corto plazo de los primeros casos en Colombia sobre la utilización de la técnica de colposuspensión laparoscópica lateral de Dubuisson, como una alternativa para el tratamiento del prolapso apical en pacientes con contraindicación para colposacropexia. Éstos fueron realizados en la Unidad de Cirugía Endoscópica Ginecológica, Clínica del Prado, Medellín, Colombia.Metodología: reporte de tres casos.Resultados: edad promedio: 59 años (48-72). Tiempo quirúrgico: 160 minutos (120-180), pérdida sanguínea: 66 cc (50-100). No hubo complicaciones intraoperatorias. En el seguimiento promedio durante 6 meses no hay recidivas ni signos de disfunción urinaria, defecatoria o sexual. No hay casos de incontinencia urinaria postoperatoria. Las pacientes están satisfechas con la intervención realizada.Conclusiones: la colposuspensión laparoscópica lateral de Dubuisson es una alternativa viable en nuestro medio para el tratamiento de pacientes con prolapso apical y contraindicación para suspensión al sacro.
Estudio de correlaciones cuánticas de qubits en cavidades remotas: procesos bifotónicos vs unifótonicos en cada cavidad
Authors: Gonzalez Sibaja Francisco Javier , Eremeev Vitalie , Villamil Pablo 
Published: March 2020

En este trabajo se estudian las correlaciones cuánticas, entrelazamiento y discordia, de dos qubits ubicados cada uno en su respectiva cavidad, las cuales interactúan con un reservorio común. Cada qubit interactúa con su respectiva cavidad mediante la emisión/absorción de dos fotones correlacionados (bi-fotón). Inicialmente, los átomos se consideran en un estado tipo Bell diagonal y las cavidades en estado vacío. Se calcula la evolución de las correlaciones y, para el modelo con interacciones bifotónicas sin pérdidas de fotones a través de la cavidad, se encuentra el efecto de congelamiento de las correlaciones. Cuando hay pérdidas unifotónicas o bifotónicas hacia el reservorio se evidencia un decaimiento de las correlaciones. Se nota que los qubits se encuentran entrelazados en un lapso de tiempo más largo cuando se considera interacciones y pérdidas bifotónicas.
Una propuesta de orientaciones pedagógicas desde la filosofía de Nuestramérica para la enseñanza de la filosofía en Colombia
Authors: Carmona-Cardona Andrés , Paredes Oviedo Diana Melisa 
Published: March 2020

La enseñanza de la filosofía en el nivel de educación media en Colombia ha estado marcada por profundas transformaciones a partir de la década de 1990. Su orientación ha sido hacia un marcado tratamiento de la filosofía occidental desde una perspectiva histórico-lineal como único relato, a su apropiación ya sea por campos como la ontología, cosmología o epistemología o por preguntas de estética, ética y epistemología, y a la adopción de un enfoque de educación por competencias básicas y específicas como líneas fuertes en el proceso de formación de los estudiantes colombianos que, paulatinamente, han ido desdibujando la especificidad de lo filosófico y encaminando los procesos formativos en esta área hacia la formación en lectura crítica. Este trabajo apunta, en primer lugar, a una revisión de esos cambios y, en segundo lugar, a la presentación de una propuesta de Orientaciones Pedagógicas para la Enseñanza de la Filosofía desde la filosofía de Nuestramérica que recoge una perspectiva decolonial y crítica de la formación como alternativas a la necesidad de una formación filosófica situada, junto con la ampliación del concepto de competencias desde la perspectiva del desarrollo humano.
TRACKING AUTHIGENIC MINERAL CEMENTS IN FOSSIL BONES FROM THE UPPER CRETACEOUS (CAMPANIAN) TWO MEDICINE AND JUDITH RIVER FORMATIONS, MONTANA
Authors: ROGERS RAYMOND R. , REGAN ANIK K. , WEAVER LUCAS N. , THOLE JEFFREY T. , FRICKE HENRY C. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Previous studies have yielded mixed results as to whether authigenic mineral infill in fossilized bone tracks specific lithologies or depositional environments, with most suggesting weak to no correlation between infill composition and host lithofacies. This study documents infill patterns in a suite of fossil bones from the Upper Cretaceous Two Medicine and Judith River formations of Montana. The composition and distribution of void-filling materials, including authigenic mineral precipitates (e.g., calcite, chlorite, iron oxides/hydroxides, sulfides, and sulfates) and sedimentary detritus, were identified (petrography and SEM-EDS), imaged (photomicrographs, BSE maps), and quantified on false color maps using ImageJ. The authigenic cement content of fossil bone is distinct at the formation scale, with Two Medicine specimens characterized by pervasive calcite infill (non-ferroan followed by ferroan phase) and local chlorite infill. In contrast, Judith River specimens are characterized by abundant unfilled primary void space, with iron oxides and sulfides, along with rare sulfates, present in all bones, albeit in low abundance. Calcite infills are rare, chlorite is absent, and detrital infill is more abundant in Judith River specimens, presumably reflecting the rapid and more complete permineralization of Two Medicine bones. The sequencing of mineral cements in voids is generally consistent within formations, but is more complex in Two Medicine specimens. Authigenic cement content does not serve to effectively distinguish among facies or localities in either formation. This study compliments previous work on rare earth element (REE) content in the same general suite of fossil bones. In the previous study, patterns in REE uptake also served to readily distinguish fossils at the formation scale, and proved more effective than authigenic cements at differentiating fossils recovered from different facies.
Factors associated with non-vaccination against measles among 12-23 months old children in Yirgachefe district of SNNPR, Ethiopia, 2016
Authors: Degife Luna Habtamu , Worku Yoseph , Tadesse Muse 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Immunization is an effective and proven tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening vaccine preventable infectious diseases. In Ethiopia 5% of childhood mortalities are due to measles. Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, measles outbreaks secondary to non-vaccination are occurring in southern Ethiopia especially in Yirgachefe district. This study was done to assess the risk factors associated with non-vaccination against measles. A Community-based unmatched case control study was conducted in Yirgachefe district from December 1-31, 2016.Cases were children in the age group of 12- 23 months of age who did not take measles vaccination and controls were children in the same age group who took at least one dose of measles vaccine. The study was done in 6 randomly selected kebeles and cases and controls were selected randomly by probability proportional to size sampling. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Statistical significance was interpreted using Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P value <0.05.A total of 320 individuals (107 cases and 214 controls) were approached for interview with a response rate of 93.75%. Of the cases, 57% were males and more than half fall in the 12-18 months age group. Knowledge regarding measles vaccination was also asked and among cases 72% heard about measles, 26% knew that all children should be vaccinated, 31% had awareness about the right age of vaccination, 60% agrees that measles is vaccine preventable and 65% knew that it is contagious. In multivariable logistic regression, Lack of Ante Natal Care follow up(ANC) (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =3.57; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.22-10.44), lack of knowledge on the importance of vaccination, who should be vaccinated and if measles is contagious with an AOR and CI of (AOR=6.81; 95% CI: 1.56-29.64), (AOR=4.29; 95% CI: 1.83-10.04) and (AOR=8.97; 95%CI: 3.15-25.58) respectively were independent risk factors.Education and awareness about measles and its immunization should be given to the community. Additionally, ANC follow up should also be strengthened.
Heat-Not-Burn Tobacco, Electronic Cigarettes, and Combustible Cigarette Use Among Japanese Adolescents: A Nationwide Population Survey 2017
Authors: Kuwabara Yuki , Kinjo Aya , Fujii Maya , Imamoto Aya , Osaki Yoneatsu , Jike Maki , Otsuka Yuichiro , Itani Osamu , Kaneita Yoshitaka , Minobe Ruriko , Maezato Hitoshi , Higuchi Susumu , Yoshimoto Hisashi , Kanda Hideyuki 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
From among the global public health concerns, smoking remains one of the most crucial challenges. Especially for adolescents, the increase in the use of electronic cigarettes is controversial, as its use may lead to established smoking. In Japan, where a unique tobacco regulation system exists, the heat-not-burn tobacco market has been growing. However, the prevalence and association of combustible cigarettes and new tobacco-related products have not yet been closely investigated among Japanese adolescents. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence of smoking among adolescents, including new types of tobacco-related products, and to compare the characteristics of their users.
Methods
The 2017 Lifestyle Survey of Adolescents is a nationally-representative survey collected in Japan. From the national school directory, 98 junior high schools and 86 high schools were randomly sampled throughout Japan. The students completed an anonymous questionnaire at school. We calculated the prevalence of use for each type of tobacco product. Then, the use of a combination of products and the characteristics of different types of products were examined.
Results
In total, 64,152 students from 48 junior high schools and 55 high schools were included the analysis (school response rate = 56%, M age = 15.7 years, 53.9% boys). The age-adjusted rate of ever (current) use of electronic cigarettes was 2.1% (0.7%) in junior high school and 3.5% (1.0%) in high school; that of combustible cigarettes was 2.6% (0.6%) in junior high school and 5.1% (1.5%) in high school. The rate of heat-not-burn tobacco use was lower relative to other products: 1.1% (0.5%) in junior high school and 2.2% (0.9%) in high school. An examination of the combined use of the three products identified a high number of dual users. Comparisons between different types of users indicated different backgrounds for combustible cigarette users and new product users.
Conclusions
The prevalence of new tobacco-alternative products is growing in popularity among Japanese adolescents. Dual use is common, and many adolescents use new products only. Moreover, e-cigarettes might attract a broader range of groups to smoking. Continuous monitoring and research are needed to investigate their influence as a possible gateway to tobacco smoking.
Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of Canadian medical students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Khan Rishad , Apramian Tavis , Kang Joel Hosung , Gustafson Jeffrey , Sibbald Shannon 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

While the importance of medical students’ demographic characteristics in influencing the scope and location of their future practice is recognized, these data are not systematically collected in Canada. This study aimed to characterize and compare the demographics of Canadian medical students with the Canadian population.

Methods

Through an online survey, delivered in 2018, medical students at fourteen English-speaking Canadian medical schools provided their age, sex, gender identity, ethnicity, educational background, and rurality of the area they grew up in. Respondents also provided information on parental income, occupation, and education as markers of socioeconomic status. Data were compared to the 2016 Canadian Census.

Results

A total of 1388 students responded to the survey, representing a response rate of 16.6%. Most respondents identified as women (63.1%) and were born after 1989 (82.1%). Respondents were less likely, compared to the Canadian Census population, to identify as black (1.7% vs 6.4%) (P<0.001) or Aboriginal (3.5% vs. 7.4%) (P<0.001), and have grown up in a rural area (6.4% vs. 18.7%) (P<0.001). Respondents had higher socioeconomic status, indicated by parental education (29.0% of respondents’ parents had a master’s or doctoral degree, compared to 6.6% of Canadians aged 45-64), occupation (59.7% of respondents’ parents were high-level managers or professionals, compared to 19.2% of Canadians aged 45-64), and income (62.9% of respondents grew up in households with income >$100,000/year, compared to 32.4% of Canadians). Assessment of non-response bias showed that our sample was representative of all students at English-speaking Canadian medical schools with respect to age, though a higher proportion of respondents were female. Additionally, there were no differences between early and late respondents with respect to ethnicity, rurality, and parental income, occupation, and education.

Conclusions

Canadian medical students have different socioeconomic characteristics compared to the Canadian population. Collecting and analyzing these characteristics can inform evidence-based admissions policies.
Low adherence to exercise may have influenced the proportion of OMERACT-OARSI responders in an integrated OA care model: Secondary analyses from a cluster-randomised stepped wedge trial
Authors: Moseng Tuva , Dagfinrud Hanne , Bodegom-Vos Leti van , Dziedzic Krysia , Hagen Kåre Birger , Natvig Bård , Røtterud Jan Harald , Vlieland Thea Vliet , Østerås Nina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: To address the well-documented gap between hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) treatment recommendations and current clinical practice, a structured model for integrated OA care was developed and evaluated in a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled trial. The current study used secondary outcomes to evaluate clinically important response to treatment through the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials clinical responder criteria (OMERACT-OARSI responder criteria) after 3 and 6 months between patients receiving the structured OA care model vs. usual care. Secondly, the study aimed to investigate if the proportion of responders in the intervention group was influenced by adherence to the exercise program inherent in the model.
Methods: The study was conducted in primary healthcare in six Norwegian municipalities. General practitioners and physiotherapists received training in OA treatment recommendations and use of the structured model. The intervention group attended a physiotherapist-led OA education program and performed individually tailored exercises for 8-12 weeks. The control group received usual care. Patient-reported pain, function and global assessment of disease activity during the last week were evaluated using 11-point numeric rating scales (NRS 0-10). These scores were used to calculate the proportion of OMERACT-OARSI responders. Two-level mixed logistic regression models were fitted to investigate differences in responders between the intervention and control group.
Results: 284 intervention and 109 control group participants with hip and knee OA recruited from primary care in six Norwegian municipalities. In total 47% of the intervention and 35% of the control group participants were responders at 3 or 6 months combined; showing an uncertain between-group difference (OR adjusted 1.38 (95% CI 0.41, 4.67). In the intervention group, 184 participants completed the exercise programme (exercised ≥2 times/week for ≥8 weeks) and 55% of these were classified as responders. In contrast, 28% of the 86 non-completers were classified as responders.
Conclusions: The difference in proportion of OMERACT-OARSI responders at 3 and 6 months between the intervention and control group was uncertain. In the intervention group, a larger proportion of responders were seen among the exercise completers compared to the non-completers.