bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Science teachers' perceptions and practice of uncertainty in science learning: The changes experienced after engaging in a practice‐based professional development
Authors: Starrett Emily , Jordan Michelle , Chen Ying‐Chih , Meza‐Torres Carlos , Park Jongchan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGrappling with uncertainty is an essential element of students' science learning and sense‐making processes, yet literature is limited regarding how teachers can facilitate and use student scientific uncertainty as a pedagogical resource in their classrooms. Furthermore, progress on pedagogical practice depends on both the ability to notice one's perceptions and engage in opportunities to experience and reflect on new instructional approaches. To date, there are few professional development experiences explored in literature that explicitly aim to enhance teachers' awareness and pedagogical practice regarding the use and facilitation of student scientific uncertainty. As such, this qualitative study follows a group of 11 middle school science teachers before and after participating in a week‐long practice‐based professional development (P‐BPD) specifically designed to foster teachers' ability to use student uncertainty as a pedagogical resource. Interviews were conducted and analyzed prior to the P‐BPD, immediately after the P‐BPD, and the year following to measure shifts in perceptions over time. Additionally, classroom practice was observed both before and the year following the P‐BPD. Overall, we found that teachers' awareness of how to use student scientific uncertainty grew both in their expressed perceptions and in their observed classroom enactment. After engaging in the P‐BPD, many teachers expressed an enhanced awareness of the productive potential uncertainty can have, as well as increased understanding of potential sources and responses to student uncertainty. Additionally, in the post‐implementation observations, most of the teachers demonstrated more diverse use of uncertainty navigation strategies, intentionally raising, maintaining, and reducing scientific uncertainty more often. Teachers were observed using student ideas and uncertainties to drive the trajectory of their lessons more consistently. Notably, we report counterexamples for teachers who demonstrated less or no shifts in perceptions or practice. Furthermore, teachers explicitly identified experiences from the P‐BPD that fostered shifts in both their perceptions and practice.
Investigation of the Occurrence of Zoonotic Intestinal Parasites along the Karmanasa River Bank in Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Roshan Babu , Ghimire Diksha , Ghimire Tirth Raj 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionIncreasing urbanization has particularly affected rivers and their outer edges in cities, including Kathmandu Valley, which encompasses Lalitpur, the nation's third‐largest city. This study aims to conduct a parasitological survey to investigate the occurrence of zoonotic intestinal protozoa and helminths along the Karmanasa River bank in central Nepal.MethodsFaecal samples from openly defaecating animals were collected via non‐invasive techniques, and coproscopy was carried out using direct wet mount, concentration and acid‐fast staining methods to ensure reliable findings.ResultsThe findings showed that all the faecal samples were positive for intestinal parasites as follows: buffaloes (15/15), cats (5/5), cattle (30/30), chickens (7/7), dogs (15/15), goats (15/15), pigs (20/20) and rats (12/12). A total of 28 intestinal parasites were reported, out of which 21 species possess zoonotic potentialities, and each host was reported to harbour at least one zoonotic parasite. Entamoeba sp., Cryptosporidium sp., hookworm, Trichuris sp., Trichostrongylus and Balantidium coli were among the predominant zoonotic parasites. The use of the landscape for livestock grazing and the presence of free‐ranging animals could have all added to the zoonotic risks. Moreover, the excretion of a moderate to large number of zoonotic parasite eggs in the faecal samples indicates a transmission risk.ConclusionsThe study detected 21 species of intestinal zoonotic parasites circulating along the landscape in the study area, indicating a higher risk of cross‐transmission. Therefore, strategic treatment of livestock and free‐ranging animals and periodic public health awareness programs for the local inhabitants are highly recommended.
A Global Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Giardia duodenalis in Rabbits: Epidemiology, Genetic Diversity and Possible Zoonotic Concerns
Authors: Asghari Ali , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Naseri Leila , Shamsi Laya , Badri Milad , Pouryousef Ali 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGiardia duodenalis is a pathogenic protozoan responsible for gastrointestinal infections in various hosts, including rabbits. Understanding its epidemiology, genetic diversity and zoonotic implications is vital for public health and veterinary medicine. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to synthesize global data on the prevalence of G. duodenalis in rabbit populations, assess the genetic diversity of the isolates and evaluate the associated zoonotic potential.MethodsWe conducted a thorough literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar) for studies published until 18 October 2024. Only peer‐reviewed articles reporting original research on G. duodenalis in rabbits were included. We extracted data on prevalence rates, testing times, publication years, countries, continents, WHO regions, diagnostic methods, genes used, assemblages and sub‐assemblages. A meta‐analysis using random‐effects models was performed to calculate pooled prevalence rates, with the I2 index used to assess heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 26 studies/datasets were analysed, covering data from 5543 rabbits across 15 countries. The estimated pooled prevalence of G. duodenalis in rabbits was 12.1% (95% CI: 7%–20%), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 96.5%). Geographic analysis showed higher prevalence rates in Africa and the AFR WHO region (72.3%, 95% CI: 61.7%–80.8%). Genetic analysis revealed three zoonotic assemblages (A, B and E) and two zoonotic sub‐assemblages (AI and BIV) of G. duodenalis in rabbits, highlighting concerns over zoonotic transmission.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the global presence and genetic diversity of G. duodenalis in rabbits, indicating potential zoonotic risks. Ongoing monitoring and research are essential to clarify the transmission dynamics and public health implications of G. duodenalis in these animals. Raising awareness among pet owners, veterinarians and public health officials is vital to mitigate potential zoonosis.
Electrification of Heating—Requirements for Successful Wide‐Scale Deployment
Authors: Hewitt Neil James 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTElectrification is potentially the most efficient method of decarbonization of space, water, and in certain instances, process heating through the deployment of electrically driven heat pumps. However, challenges are noted in terms of electricity network capacity that ultimately must influence a holistic approach to building/process heating demand reductions which in turn must influence heat pump development, heat pump operations, heat pump capital cost, and the role of thermal storage. Approaches to these challenges are presented from a global and, a UK and Ireland perspective, as for the UK and Ireland, it is often muted that the electricity network is less well suited to addressing the electrification of heating. Thus, this work will consider the likely cost‐effective heat demand reductions in buildings and processes, how might heat pumps operate in future electricity markets and systems, how can we make heat pumps cheaper to purchase and cheaper to operate and what is the role and type of energy storage in terms of demand side management. Thermal energy storage will be considered for space heating (30°C–80°C), water heating (60°C+ to negate legionella), and lower temperature industrial process (up to e.g., 300°C). Furthermore, an analysis of a UK housing development is presented as a retrofit case study for social housing, illustrating the impacts of the electricity network, and approaches that can be taken, for example, thermal storage, to minimize such impacts. Higher temperature systems will be considered for process applications.
Investigating the effects of material density on strain rates in pressurized rotational cylinders
Authors: Gulial Priya , Thakur Pankaj 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates strain rates in internally pressurized rotating cylinders with varying density, using Norton's law to analyze the effects of anisotropy and the creep law exponent n. The research is significant for optimizing the design and durability of such cylinders in engineering applications. A detailed analysis revealed distinct strain rate patterns among anisotropic materials Types I and II exhibited lower circumferential strain rates compared to isotropic Type III materials, while Types I and III showed reduced axial strain rates relative to isotropic Type II materials. These findings suggest that anisotropic Types I and II materials offer superior stress‐related performance, enhancing the durability of cylinders under pressure and rotation. The study's novelty lies in its comprehensive examination of anisotropy's influence on strain rates, extending beyond prior work by demonstrating how specific anisotropic materials outperform isotropic ones in reducing deformation and improving structural resilience.
The Interaction Between IIAs and DTCs: Potential for Overlap and Reform Proposals
Authors: Olmedo Javier García 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMost IIAs do not exclude taxation from their scope of application and are silent on their relationship with DTCs. This means that investors can be protected against tax-related measures adopted by host states that violate the IIA’s substantive protections, including measures that may simultaneously fall within the scope a DTC signed by the host state. This paper explores the extent to which ISDS claims involving domestic tax policies have the potential to overlap with the subject matter covered by DTCs and MAPs. In doing so, it will examine recent cases that illustrate such potential for interaction. It will then make suggestions in the form of treaty drafting approaches that states can adopt in their IIAs to regulate possible conflicts between the two regimes.
Required minimal protein domain of flower for synaptobrevin2 endocytosis in cytotoxic T cells
Authors: Ravichandran Keerthana , Schirra Claudia , Urbansky Katja , Tu Szu-Min , Alawar Nadia , Mannebach Stefanie , Krause Elmar , Stevens David , Lancaster C. Roy D. , Flockerzi Veit , Rettig Jens , Chang Hsin-Fang , Becherer Ute 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Flower, a highly conserved protein, crucial for endocytosis and cellular fitness, has been implicated in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) killing efficiency through its role in cytotoxic granule (CG) endocytosis at the immune synapse (IS). This study explores the molecular cues that govern Flower-mediated CG endocytosis by analyzing uptake of Synaptobrevin2, a protein specific to CG in mouse CTL. Using immunogold electron microscopy and total internal fluorescence microscopy, we found that Flower translocates in a stimulus-dependent manner from small vesicles to the IS, thereby ensuring specificity in CG membrane protein recycling. Using confocal live-cell imaging, we assessed the ability of a range of naturally occurring mouse, human and Drosophila isoforms to rescue defective endocytosis in Flower KO CTLs. This analysis demonstrated that the N-terminal portion of the protein, encompassing amino acids 1–106 in mice, is the minimal domain necessary for Synaptobrevin2 endocytosis. Additionally, we identified two pivotal sites through site-specific mutation: a putative AP2-binding site, and a tyrosine at position 104 in mouse Flower. These findings provide insights into Flower's specific functional domain essential for CG endocytosis, which is a key process in mediating T cell serial killing required for the effective fight against cancer.
Covariance-Modulated Optimal Transport and Gradient Flows
Authors: Burger Martin , Erbar Matthias , Hoffmann Franca , Matthes Daniel , Schlichting André 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study a variant of the dynamical optimal transport problem in which the energy to be minimised is modulated by the covariance matrix of the distribution. Such transport metrics arise naturally in mean-field limits of certain ensemble Kalman methods for solving inverse problems. We show that the transport problem splits into two coupled minimization problems: one for the evolution of mean and covariance of the interpolating curve and one for its shape. The latter consists in minimising the usual Wasserstein length under the constraint of maintaining fixed mean and covariance along the interpolation. We analyse the geometry induced by this modulated transport distance on the space of probabilities as well as the dynamics of the associated gradient flows. Those show better convergence properties in comparison to the classical Wasserstein metric in terms of exponential convergence rates independent of the Gaussian target. On the level of the gradient flows a similar splitting into the evolution of moments and shapes of the distribution can be observed.
Pulmonary involvement in newly diagnosed and untreated rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Winter Lone , Petzinna Simon M. , Skowasch Dirk , Pizarro Carmen , Weber Marcel , Kütting Daniel , Behning Charlotte , Bauer Claus-Jürgen , Schäfer Valentin S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To longitudinally assesses pulmonary involvement in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients over a 12-months follow-up. To identify biomarkers and establish a diagnostic algorithm for monitoring pulmonary changes.

Methods
Newly diagnosed RA and PsA patients were examined with clinical and laboratory assessments, pulmonary function tests (PFT), and chest radiography (CXR) at three-months intervals for one year.

Results
The study enrolled 50 patients (26 RA, 24 PsA) and 26 controls. At baseline, 37.0% of arthritis patients (50.0% RA, 22.7% PsA) exhibited radiographic pulmonary involvement, with 64.7% being asymptomatic. No association was observed between CXR and PFTs. Reduced pathological breathing width was noted in 64.0% of patients (RA 69.2%, PsA 58.3%) and 23.1% of controls (p < .001). Thoracic excursion and lung auscultation showed no differences. During follow-up, PFT and physical examination findings remained stable. Mean CRP levels significantly decreased in RA patients from 23.5 mg/l (± 33.6; 95% CI: 9.9–37.1) to 2.7 mg/L (± 3.4; 95% CI: 1.0-4.3), and in PsA patients from 13.3 mg/L (± 18.0; 95% CI: 5.7–20.9) to 8.1 mg/L (± 16.2; 95% CI: 0.1–16.2) (p < .001). Additionally, significant reductions in disease activity scores and improvements in six-minute walking distance were observed (p < .001). No associations were identified between PFT outcomes, disease activity, or rheumatological medications throughout the disease course.

Conclusion
Our study underscores the prevalence of significant, predominantly asymptomatic pulmonary involvement in newly diagnosed RA and PsA patients. The lack of correlation between pulmonary function, disease activity, and medication during disease progression suggests that reducing arthritic disease activity does not necessarily mitigate the risk or severity of pulmonary involvement. Finally, our finding underscore the need for more sensitive biomarkers and optimized monitoring strategies.
Radiotherapy and inflammaging: the influence of prostate cancer radiotherapy on systemic inflammation
Authors: Paal Katarzyna , Stranz Bettina , Thurner Eva-Maria , Niedrist Tobias , Renner Wilfried , Langsenlehner Tanja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The present study was performed to investigate the association of prostate cancer radiotherapy with inflammaging, a condition characterized by the elevation of inflammatory blood parameters that significantly increases the susceptibility to the occurrence or progression of age-related conditions.

Patients and Methods
A total of 306 patients treated with curative radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer were enrolled into the prospective study. Aging-related inflammatory parameters including C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, fibrinogen, cholesterol, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were analyzed before and at the end of RT, and 3 and 15 months after completion of the RT. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric variance analysis.

Results
Overall variance analysis showed a significant influence of RT on all inflammatory parameters (p < 0.001) with the exception of CRP (p = 0.498). Pairwise analysis revealed a significant elevation of fibrinogen (p = 0.041), NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR levels (p < 0.001) as well as a significant decrease of albumin (p < 0.001) and cholesterol levels (p < 0.001) during the RT course. After completion of RT, a significant recovery was detected for NLR, PLR, albumin and cholesterol. However, 15 months after RT, PLR, fibrinogen, and cholesterol remained significantly lower when compared to the baseline (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our results indicate that radiation therapy triggers chronic inflammatory processes that could contribute to the development, acceleration or worsening of age-related alterations and conditions. Further investigations to estimate the long-term consequences of curative radiation therapy on clinical manifestations of aging are warranted.
Simultaneous patellar tendon and anterior cruciate ligament rupture: a systematic review, meta-analysis and algorithmic approach
Authors: Ismailidis Petros , Neopoulos Georgios , Egloff Christian , Mündermann Annegret , Halbeisen Florian S. , Nüesch Corina , Appenzeller-Herzog Christian , Müller Sebastian A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Isolated patellar tendon (PT) or anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are common injuries, yet the co-occurrence of both presents a rare challenge for clinicians. The objectives of the study are to document diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, outcomes, and complications of combined PT and ACL injuries and to develop an algorithm to guide clinicians in decision-making.

Methods
The systematic review und metanalysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting on simultaneous PT and ACL ruptures were included. Meta-analysis was performed to compare different diagnostic modalities and treatment strategies.

Results
Thirty-six studies reporting on 56 Patients were included. 88% of patients had a concomitant injury (apart from PT and ACL) to the ipsilateral knee. Part of the diagnosis was missed in 23% of the cases. Performance of MRI significantly reduced the risk of missing a part of the injury (5% with MRI vs 69% without MRI, p < 0.001). Surgical treatment was used only for the PT in 21% of the cases and for the PT and ACL in 77% of the cases (48% one-stage, 52% two-stage surgical treatment).

Conclusion
Combined ACL and PT rupture is rare, and recognizing its full extent is crucial for successful management. Performing an MRI in PT rupture from high-energy trauma and diagnostic arthroscopy/arthrotomy when MRI is not done is essential. PT ruptures should be treated surgically. For ACL rupture, conservative and operative treatment, one- or two-stage surgery are possible based on the patient's profile and concomitant injuries. Based on the limited available literature, this systematic review provides a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm to assist in clinical decision-making.
Increased risk of adverse events following the treatment of associated versus elementary acetabular fractures: a matched analysis of short-term complications
Authors: Cole Sarah , Whitaker Sarah , O’Neill Conor , Satalich James , Ernst Brady , Kang Le , Hawila Rami , Satpathy Jibanananda , Kates Stephen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This retrospective cohort study aims to compare short-term complication rates between patients receiving open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for associated versus elementary acetabular fractures, with a secondary objective of identifying independent risk factors for adverse outcomes.

Methods
The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes to identify patients that underwent ORIF for associated acetabular (CPT 27228) or elementary acetabular fractures (CPT 27226, 27227) from 2010 to 2021. Propensity score matching was employed to account for baseline differences and the short-term complication rates were compared between the cohorts.

Results
We identified 1,330 patients who underwent ORIF for an acetabular fracture between 2010 and 2021, including 868 patients with elementary fractures and 462 with associated fractures. After matching, there were 462 patients in each cohort. The matched associated acetabular fracture group experienced higher rates of any adverse event (AAE, p = 0.029), transfusion (p = 0.010), and reoperation (p = 0.049). Increased age, increased operative time, higher body mass index (BMI), and prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) augmented the risk of any complication.

Conclusion
The findings of this study identify areas of greater risk of postoperative complications after ORIF in individuals with associated versus elementary acetabular fractures. Discussion of these heightened risks is critical to appropriate patient care. Understanding these risks plays an important role in the clinical decision-making process and may identify areas to monitor patients postoperatively.
Stochastic modeling with time-inhomogeneous Jacobi diffusions: applications to bounded and seasonal environmental processes
Authors: Larsson Karl 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper we explore stochastic modeling of bounded processes in continuous time using time-inhomogeneous Jacobi diffusions. We present some basic general results and introduce a subclass of models with seasonal time variation. In the seasonal models we derive the conditional mean and variance in closed form and propose a strategy for estimation based on quasi maximum likelihood. An empirical application is carried out to daily time series data on relative humidity. Simulation methods are used to investigate properties of the resulting parameter estimators. The results show that the proposed seasonal Jacobi model gives a very satisfactory fit to data and that the estimation procedure works well.