bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensemble learning for poor prognosis predictions: A case study on SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Wu Honghan , Zhang Huayu , Karwath Andreas , Ibrahim Zina , Shi Ting , Zhang Xin , Wang Kun , Sun Jiaxing , Dhaliwal Kevin , Bean Daniel , Cardoso Victor Roth , Li Kezhi , Teo James T , Banerjee Amitava , Gao-Smith Fang , Whitehouse Tony , Veenith Tonny , Gkoutos Georgios V , Wu Xiaodong , Dobson Richard , Guthrie Bruce 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveRisk prediction models are widely used to inform evidence-based clinical decision making. However, few models developed from single cohorts can perform consistently well at population level where diverse prognoses exist (such as the SARS-CoV-2 [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] pandemic). This study aims at tackling this challenge by synergizing prediction models from the literature using ensemble learning.Materials and MethodsIn this study, we selected and reimplemented 7 prediction models for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) that were derived from diverse cohorts and used different implementation techniques. A novel ensemble learning framework was proposed to synergize them for realizing personalized predictions for individual patients. Four diverse international cohorts (2 from the United Kingdom and 2 from China; N = 5394) were used to validate all 8 models on discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.ResultsResults showed that individual prediction models could perform well on some cohorts while poorly on others. Conversely, the ensemble model achieved the best performances consistently on all metrics quantifying discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness. Performance disparities were observed in cohorts from the 2 countries: all models achieved better performances on the China cohorts.DiscussionWhen individual models were learned from complementary cohorts, the synergized model had the potential to achieve better performances than any individual model. Results indicate that blood parameters and physiological measurements might have better predictive powers when collected early, which remains to be confirmed by further studies.ConclusionsCombining a diverse set of individual prediction models, the ensemble method can synergize a robust and well-performing model by choosing the most competent ones for individual patients.
The Effect of Sound Lure Frequency and Habitat Type on Male Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Capture Rates With the Male Aedes Sound Trap
Authors: Swan Tom , Russell Tanya L , Burkot Thomas R , Liu Jianyi , Ritchie Scott A , Staunton Kyran M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The global distribution of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is rapidly expanding which has contributed to the emergence and re-emergence of dengue and chikungunya outbreaks. Improvements in vector surveillance are necessary to facilitate optimized, evidence-based vector control operations. Current trapping technology used to target Ae. albopictus and other Aedes species for vector surveillance are limited in both scale and scope, thus novel tools are required. Here, we evaluated the Male Aedes Sound Trap (MAST) for its capacity to sample male Ae. albopictus. Aims of this study were twofold: 1) to determine the most effective frequency for capturing male Ae. albopictus and 2) to investigate fine-scale variations in male Ae. albopictus abundance. MASTs which produced sound lure frequencies between 500 and 650 Hz captured significantly more male Ae. albopictus than those with sound lure frequencies set to 450 Hz. Further, the higher sound lure frequency of 700 Hz significantly reduced catches relative to 650 Hz. MASTs placed in woodland habitats captured significantly more male Ae. albopictus than MASTs placed near houses. These results provide baseline information for optimizing sound lure frequencies and placement of the MAST to sample male Ae. albopictus in remote areas.
Dissecting the nutrient partitioning mechanism in rice grain using spatially resolved gene expression profiling
Authors: Ram Hasthi , Singh Anmol , Katoch Megha , Kaur Ravneet , Sardar Shaswati , Palia Shubham , Satyam Rohit , Sonah Humira , Deshmukh Rupesh , Pandey Ajay Kumar , Gupta Ishaan , Sharma Tilak Raj 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Rice, a staple food worldwide, contains varying amounts of nutrients in different grain tissues. The underlying molecular mechanism of such distinct nutrient partitioning remains poorly investigated. Here, an optimized rapid laser capture microdissection (LCM) approach was used to individually collect pericarp, aleurone, embryo and endosperm from grains 10 days after fertilization. Subsequent RNA-Seq analysis in these tissues identified 7760 differentially expressed genes. Analysis of promoter sequences of tissue-specific genes identified many known and novel cis-elements important for grain filling and seed development. Using the identified differentially expressed genes, comprehensive spatial gene expression pathways were built for accumulation of starch, proteins, lipids, and iron. The extensive transcriptomic analysis provided novel insights about nutrient partitioning mechanisms; for example, it revealed a gradient in seed storage protein accumulation across the four tissue types analysed. The analysis also revealed that the partitioning of various minerals, such as iron, is most likely regulated through transcriptional control of their transporters. We present the extensive analysis from this study as an interactive online tool that provides a much-needed resource for future functional genomics studies aimed to improve grain quality and seed development.
Comments on contact terms and conformal manifolds in the AdS/CFT correspondence
Authors: Sakai Tadakatsu , Zenkai Masashi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We study the contact terms that appear in the correlation functions of exactly marginal operators using the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence. It is known that CFT with an exactly marginal deformation requires the existence of the contact terms with their coefficients having a geometrical interpretation in the context of conformal manifolds. We show that the AdS/CFT correspondence captures properly the mathematical structure of the correlation functions that is expected from the CFT analysis. For this purpose, we employ a holographic renormalization group to formulate a most general setup in the bulk for describing an exactly marginal deformation. The resultant bulk equations of motion are nonlinear and solved perturbatively to obtain the on-shell action. We compute three- and four-point functions of the exactly marginal operators using the GKP–Witten prescription, and show that they match the expected results precisely. The cut-off surface prescription in the bulk serves as a regularization scheme for conformal perturbation theory in the boundary CFT. As an application, we examine a double OPE limit of the four-point functions. The anomalous dimensions of double trace operators are written in terms of the geometrical data of a conformal manifold.
Migration of a Lumbar Spinal Fusion Rod Into the Posterolateral Knee
Authors: Long Mitchell King-wei , Enders Tyler , Leven Dante , Cappellino Anthony 
Published: November 2020

Study Design.
Case report (level V evidence).

Objective.
We report a case of a 33-year-old man with Marfan syndrome that visited our clinic for left knee pain and stiffness. Radiographs of the left knee and lumbar spine demonstrated a spinal rod in the posterolateral left knee and its origin being a broken rod from his previous unilateral spinal fusion 17 years prior.

Summary of Background Data.
Spinal arthrodesis is a common treatment modality for a wide range of spinal pathologies including infection, trauma, congenital and developmental deformities, and degenerative conditions. A rare complication that may arise from said procedure is implant migration, most often a result of pseudoarthrosis.

Methods.
Description of the case report.

Results.
Patient was taken to the operating room 2 weeks later for an uneventful removal of the implant and immediate improvement with pain and range of motion.

Conclusion.
Spinal implant migration is a rare complication most often due to implant failure from pseudoarthrosis. In the case presented, this phenomenon was likely attributed to the use of unilateral instrumentation coupled with Marfan syndrome, shown to lead to insufficient implant stability and poorer fusion rates, respectively.

Level of Evidence: 5
Follow-up Study on the Outcomes of Recovered Pregnant Women with a History of COVID-19 in the First and Second Trimesters: A Case Series from China
Authors: Zhao Yin , Huang Bangxing , Ma Hui , Shang You , Nie Xiu , Zou Li 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective:
To determine the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of women who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that developed in early pregnancy.

Methods:
This case series analyzed five pregnant women (26–33 years) whom recovered from COVID-19 which were developed in early pregnancy (6–27 weeks) and admitted at the Wuhan Union Hospital from January 15, 2020 to April 30, 2020. The clinical manifestation, laboratory examinations, treatment, pregnancy outcomes, maternal and neonatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) throat swab reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test results, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody test results in neonates were reviewed. The placental pathology, placental angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression were studied by hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry staining, SARS-CoV-2 presence was examined by QT-PCR. We also followed up the infants at 3–6 months.

Results:
Three pregnant women were diagnosed with COVID-19 in early pregnancy (Cases 1–3), and two were serum immunoglobulin G positive asymptomatic cases (Cases 4 and 5). Cases 1–3 showed complete recovery after severe COVID-19. Case 3 was infected at 6 weeks of gestation during the first trimester and had induced medical abortion at 12 weeks of gestation. All neonates had no pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and serum immunoglobulin M were negative, and immunoglobulin G were positive. All placental samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 in the nucleic acid test. Placental pathology showed chronic ischemia changes. ACE-2 expressed in both placenta and decidua. The follow-up showed that the infants were healthy and asymptomatic at 3–6 months.

Conclusion:
No adverse outcomes was observed in our case series. However, systemic inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause placental injury. At the time of delivery after recovery from COVID-19, no SARS-CoV-2 positive results was found in the placenta in this case series.
Intrauterine Blood Transfusion in an HCV and HIV Co-Infected Woman
Authors: Charison Jodie C. , Schneider Carol E. , Poliquin Vanessa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Hepatitis C infection is not uncommon in pregnant women. Vertical transmission of the virus from mother to fetus is estimated at 4%-8%, however this transmission rate is significantly higher when the mother is co-infected with HIV. Intrauterine blood transfusions can be a necessary part of management for certain perinatal conditions like hemolytic disease of the fetus. Currently there is no published material available on the vertical transmission risk of HCV infection to the fetus as a result of this procedure, irrespective of HIV co-infection. We present a case of a pregnant woman co-infected with HCV and HIV that required an intrauterine blood transfusion during pregnancy. Vertical transmission of either infection to the child did not occur. This provides important evidence that vertical transmission of HCV and/or HIV does not necessarily occur with intrauterine blood transfusions.
The relative importance of reputation and pride as predictors of employee turnover in an academic medical center
Authors: Brown E. Sherwood , Palka Jayme , Helm Sabrina V. , Kulikova Alexandra 
Published: November 2020

Background
Past research shows a dual role of organizational reputation in an employment context. Prospective and current employees are affected by public perceptions of their employer, as affiliation with an employer widely known for its positive achievements boosts organization-based self-esteem whereas a poor reputation leads to decreased self-esteem and disassociation. Another key construct is engagement, which relates to employee enthusiasm and their attitude toward the organization and their interest in finding employment elsewhere.

Purpose
The current study examined relationships between engagement, organizational pride, perceived departmental and institutional reputation, and turnover intentions in employees at an academic medical center.

Methods
Participants were 241 faculty, staff, and trainees (63.9% women) in a clinical department at an academic medical center who completed an anonymous online survey that contained the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, as well as questions about pride, reputation, and turnover intentions. Relationships between engagement, organizational pride, perceived departmental and institutional reputation, and turnover intentions were explored.

Results
To determine whether employee engagement mediates the relationship between various predictors and turnover intentions, exploratory mediation models were examined. All of the variables were significantly correlated with each other. Perception of departmental reputation was more strongly associated with engagement, pride, and turnover intentions than was institutional reputation. Engagement fully mediated the relationship between perceived institutional reputation and turnover intentions and partially mediated relationships between departmental reputation and turnover intentions and between pride and turnover intentions.

Practice Implications
The findings suggest that perception of one’s department may be more important to engagement and pride than perception of the larger institution. Furthermore, relationships between pride and reputation and turnover intentions in an academic medical center appear to be, at least partially, mediated through engagement. In contrast to common practice, turnover reduction efforts might be more effective if they enhance perceived departmental, rather than institutional, reputation.
IMMUNOGLOBULIN G4–RELATED OPHTHALMIC DISEASE MIMICKING INTRAOCULAR LYMPHOMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Aragona Emanuela , Miserocchi Elisabetta , Arrigo Alessandro , Marchese Alessandro , Bordato Alessandro , Bandello Francesco , Modorati Giulio 
Published: November 2020

Purpose:
To describe a case of immunoglobulin G4–related choroiditis mimicking intraocular lymphoma.

Methods:
The patient underwent a complete ophthalmological evaluation including multimodal imaging, with structural optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, ultra-widefield color, and autofluorescent fundus photographies to assess the ocular involvement.

Results:
Patient's best-corrected visual acuity was of 20/25 in the right eye and 20/20 in the left eye. Fundus appearance showed abnormal yellowish choroidal lesions and moderate vitritis in both eyes. Fluorescein angiography was within normal limits, whereas indocyanine green angiography showed areas of choroiditis in both eyes, and structural optical coherence tomography scans disclosed retinal small roundish lesions in the corresponding regions. Laboratory examinations and lymph node biopsy led to the final diagnosis of immunoglobulin G4–related disease.

Conclusion:
We describe a case of immunoglobulin G4–related choroiditis mimicking intraocular lymphoma. The proper use of multimodal imaging associated with laboratory investigations was helpful to reach the correct diagnosis.
Maternal HBV Viremia and Association With Adverse Infant Outcomes in Women Living With HIV and HBV
Authors: Bhattacharya Debika , Guo Rong , Tseng Chi-Hong , Emel Lynda , Sun Ren , Chiu Shih-Hsin , Stranix-Chibanda Lynda , Chipato Tsungai , Mohtashemi Neaka Z. , Kintu Kenneth , Manji Karim P. , Moodley Dhayendre , Thio Chloe L. , Maldonado Yvonne , Currier Judith S. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
There is limited information on perinatal outcomes in HIV-hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection.

Methods:
HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 046 was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of perinatal transmission that evaluated 6 months of infant nevirapine versus placebo among breast-fed infants. Women living with HIV and their infants enrolled in sub-Saharan Africa from 2007 to 2010; 78% received antiretroviral therapy (ART). Maternal samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). High and low HBV viral load (VL) was defined as ≥106 IU/mL and <106 IU/mL. The association between HIV-HBV coinfection and maternal and infant outcomes was assessed using multivariate (MV) logistic and Cox regression.

Results:
Among 2025 women, 88 (4.3%) had HBV. HIV-HBV women with high HBV VL had lower median CD4, versus HIV alone or HIV-HBV women with low HBV VL [320, 490 and 434 cells/mm3, respectively (P < 0.007)]. In MV analysis, adjusted for maternal CD4, age and maternal ART, infants born to women with high HBV VL were more likely to be low birth weight (LBW), versus HIV+/HBV– and low HBV VL women: [30% (3/10) vs. 10% (194/1953) vs. 6% (5/78), respectively, P = 0.03). High HBV VL was associated with HIV perinatal transmission [(hazard ratio 6.75 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.86 – 24.50)]. There was no impact on infant mortality or maternal outcomes at 18 months.

Conclusions:
In HIV-HBV women, high HBV viral loads increase the risk of LBW and potentially HIV perinatal transmission. Reduction of antepartum HBV viremia may have beneficial effects beyond the prevention of HBV perinatal transmission.
Health behaviours of Indigenous and non-Indigenous cancer survivors living in regional and remote geographic areas of Australia: a short report
Authors: Elder-Robinson Elaina C. , Parikh Darshit Rajeshkumar , Diaz Abbey , Ferguson Megan M. , Reeves Marina M. , Garvey Gail 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background:
Health behaviors are becoming increasingly recognized as important for cancer survivors in optimizing health after diagnosis. The current study aims to describe adherence to health behaviour guidelines in a sample of Indigenous and non-Indigenous cancer patients in Australia's Northern Territory.

Methods:
A structured survey collecting self-reported sociodemographic and health behaviour data was administered to a sample of cancer patients within 1 year of their cancer diagnosis at a cancer care center in Darwin, Northern Territory. Clinical data were collected via medical chart review.

Results:
In 63 participants (median age 58 years; 32% Indigenous), most met guidelines for fruit (73%), red meat (76%), and alcohol (75%) intake, whereas adherence to vegetable (10%), processed meat (33%), and physical activity (25%) guidelines was low. Almost one-third (32%) reported being current smokers. Indigenous patients more frequently met guidelines than non-Indigenous patients for fruit intake and physical activity, and less for vegetable, red and processed meat, alcohol intake and smoking. Although there were some notable changes post-cancer diagnosis, about half of the participants reported no change in most behaviors.

Conclusions:
Adherence to some recommended health behaviors was poor in this sample, regardless of Indigenous status, reflecting previous cancer survivorship and general national reports. For some this may be due to changes resulting from their cancer and treatment, whereas for others this may reflect pre-diagnosis low adherence. Further investigation is needed to better understand health behaviour decision-making for cancer patients and survivors in Northern Territory, to inform public health messaging and interventions for this population.
18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for Initial Staging of Renal Cell Carcinoma in an End-Stage Renal Disease Patient
Authors: Marafi Fahad , Sasikumar Arun , Aldaas Mariam , Esmail Abdulredh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A 46-year-old man with end-stage renal disease and renal cell carcinoma underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for initial staging followed by 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT. Unlike 18F-FDG, which undergoes renal clearance, 18F-PSMA-1007 undergoes hepatobiliary clearance and thus generates superior quality images. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed intense tracer-avid left renal mass lesion (FDG nonavid); lytic bone lesions (FDG avid) and single liver lesion (FDG nonavid). This case highlights the superiority of 18F-PSMA-1007 over 18F-FDG PET/CT in identifying primary lesion as well as metastatic sites in case of renal cell carcinoma even in the presence of end-stage renal disease.
Ileal Ulcer Associated With a Large Bezoar Mimicking Malignancy on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Ji Xia , Dong Hui , Dong Aisheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A 34-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain for 2 months. Abdominal CT revealed a large bezoar in the distal ileum with surrounding thickened ileal wall and enlarged mesentery lymph nodes. On FDG PET/CT, the thickened ileal wall and enlarged mesentery lymph nodes showed increased FDG uptake. Ileal malignancy with mesentery lymph node metastasis was suspected. The distal ileum and enlarged mesentery lymph nodes were removed. Benign ileal ulcer and mesentery reactive lymphoid hyperplasia were confirmed by histopathology.
“Hot Cord” Sign on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Acute Myelitis Due to Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Alkhaja Maryam Ahmed , Cheng Lenith Tai Jit , Loi Hoi Yin , Sinha Arvind Kumar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A 44-year-old woman presented with prolonged low-grade fever, bilateral upper limb weakness, and hyperesthesia. MRI showed hyperintense T2 signal and enhancement of the cervicothoracic spinal cord. 18F-FDG PET/CT was requested to investigate pyrexia of unknown origin. It demonstrated diffusely increased FDG uptake along the entire spinal cord, suggestive of extensive acute myelitis. Initial blood work was positive for antinuclear antibodies and anti-Ro/SSA antibodies. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed lymphocytosis and detected the presence of neuromyelitis optica aquaporin-4–immunoglobulin G antibodies, fulfilling the criteria for diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.
Giant Liver Hemangioma Mimicking a Hydronephrotic Kidney on 99mTc-DTPA Scintigraphy
Authors: Boey Ching Yeen , Mohamed Aslum Khan Farahnaz , Amir Hassan Siti Zarina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We report a case of a 56-year-old woman who underwent 99mTc-DTPA renal scintigraphy for the evaluation of a right pelviureteric junction calculi, which incidentally showed radiotracer uptake in a giant liver hemangioma. The initial scintigraphic images showed a large lobulated lesion with peripheral uptake of radiotracer at the right abdominal region, resembling a large hydronephrotic kidney. However, the pattern of progression of the radiotracer, coupled with the clinical history and available corresponding radiologic images, confirmed the uptake to be that of a giant liver hemangioma.
Bicameral Gallbladder With Chronic Cholecystitis on Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: Won Kyu Yeoun , Kim Chanwoo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bicameral gallbladder, also known as segmental adenomyomatosis, is not a rare benign condition with the lumen divided into 2 interconnected chambers. Here we present 2 interesting cases of the bicameral gallbladder, which shows unremarkable findings on hepatobiliary scintigraphy at first appearance. However, the CT scan revealed that the fundal chamber was not visualized on the scintigraphy unlike the ductal chamber. These cases suggest that the findings of the bicameral gallbladder on hepatobiliary scintigraphy can lead to misdiagnosis without carefully correlating with anatomic imaging findings.