bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation of the XPEN60 CRP&SAA, a novel automated hematology analyzer, in detecting complete blood count, C‐reactive protein, and serum amyloid A
Authors: Zong Zengyan , Kan Lijuan , Luo Yanping , Wang Cheng , Wang Xibu , Wang Mengmeng , Xiong Dan , Zhang Xiuming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe XPEN60 CRP&SAA (hereafter XPEN60) is a new automated hematology analyzer that can rapidly detect C‐reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and blood cell counts (CBC), including the 5‐part differential of white blood cells (5‐DIFF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the analytical performance of XPEN60.MethodsThe analytical performance of XPEN60 was evaluated on the basis of several parameters, including the limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantitation (LoQ), precision, accuracy, carryover, linearity, clinical reportable range (CRR), and interference test. In addition, method comparisons between CBC and 5‐DIFF, CRP, and SAA were performed on several systems.ResultsTotal imprecision and accuracy for all parameters fell within acceptable criteria, and excellent measurements were observed in the dilution linearity (coefficient of determination, R2 > .99). LoBs and LoDs (0 and 0.21 mg/L for CRP, 1.1 and 2.27 mg/L for SAA) satisfy the manufacturer's statement. LoQs were 0.61 and 3.62 mg/L for CRP and SAA, respectively. No significant carryover or interference tests (<10%) were observed in this study. The comparison analysis demonstrated strong agreement between XPEN60 results and those of Sysmex–XN1000 (XN1000), except for basophils (Bas) and eosinophils (Eos). The data correlated well with E601 and Mindray CRP‐M100 for CRP.ConclusionXPEN60 was demonstrated satisfactory analytical performance, which made it well‐suited for use in clinical laboratories, emergency departments, and community hospitals.
Prospective cross‐sectional study using Poisson renewal theory to study phase singularity formation and destruction rates in atrial fibrillation (RENEWAL‐AF): Study design
Authors: Quah Jing , Dharmaprani Dhani , Lahiri Anandaroop , Schopp Madeline , Mitchell Lewis , Selvanayagam Joseph B. , Perry Rebecca , Chahadi Fahd , Tung Matthew , Ahmad Waheed , Stoyanov Nikola , Joseph Majo X. , Singleton Cameron , McGavigan Andrew D. , Ganesan Anand N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundUnstable functional reentrant circuits known as rotors have been consistently observed in atrial fibrillation and are mechanistically believed critical to the maintenance of the arrhythmia. Recently, using a Poisson renewal theory‐based quantitative framework, we have demonstrated that rotor formation (λf) and destruction rates (λd) can be measured using in vivo electrophysiologic data. However, the association of λf and λd with clinical, electrical, and structural markers of atrial fibrillation phenotype is unknown.MethodsRENEWAL‐AF is a multicenter prospective cross‐sectional study recruiting adult patients with paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation undergoing clinically indicated catheter ablation. Patients will undergo intraprocedural electrophysiologic atrial fibrillation mapping, with λf and λd to be determined from 2‐minute unipolar electrogram recordings acquired before ablation. The primary objective will be to determine the association of λf and λd as markers of fibrillatory dynamics with clinical, electrical, and structural markers of atrial fibrillation clinical phenotype, measured by preablation transthoracic echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. An exploratory objective is the noninvasive assessment of λf and λd using surface ECG characteristics via a machine learning approach.ResultsNot applicable.ConclusionThis pilot study will provide insight into the correlation between λf/λd with clinical, electrophysiological, and structural markers of atrial fibrillation phenotype and provide a foundation for the development of noninvasive assessment of λf/λd using surface ECG characteristics will help expand the use of λf/λd in clinical practice.
Structural stability of Sc3CrO6: A Raman spectroscopic study
Authors: Kesari Swayam , Todorov N.D. , Marinova V. , Rao Rekha 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStructural stability of the mixed rare earth‐transition metal oxide Sc3CrO6 (space group
) is investigated at high pressures using Raman spectroscopy up to 23.8 GPa, at ambient temperature. Results indicate that the compound transforms reversibly to a lower symmetry phase above 18 GPa. Lattice dynamical calculations carried out using a shell model were used to obtain the bulk modulus and to estimate mode Grüneisen parameters from Raman spectroscopic data. From the nature of changes in the vibrational spectra and from the trends in iso‐structural compounds, we speculate the high pressure phase to be a monoclinic phase. On the other hand, temperature dependent Raman scattering studies in the temperature range 77–1,273 K, indicate disappearance of a few vibrational modes indicating increase in symmetry. From the pressure and temperature dependence of the Raman modes, using calculated bulk modulus and thermal expansion coefficient, anharmonicity of the modes is estimated. It is found that anharmonicity due to phonon–phonon decay is more dominant and the contribution of thermal expansion is small for all of the Raman modes.
Removal of Alternaria mycotoxins from aqueous solution by inactivated yeast powder
Authors: Wang Xiaoyuan , Han Yike , Zhang Lihua , Ge Zhenzhen , Liu Mengpei , Zhao Guangyuan , Zong Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlternariol (AOH) and alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), produced by Alternaria spp., are the two mycotoxins with the highest outbreak rates in food systems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the removal of AOH and AME from aqueous solutions by inactivated yeast cells. The effects of strains, yeast powder amount, temperature, and pH were evaluated. The kinetics of AOH and AME adsorption on inactivated yeast cells was fitted with four models and a release assay was carried out.RESULTSAll three tested yeasts could remove AOH and AME. GIM 2.119 was the most effective strain. The reduction rate of both AOH and AME could be as much as 100% with 40 g‧L−1 of yeast powder. For both mycotoxins, pH = 9 was the best environment for toxin removal. The pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model was the best model, with R2 ranging from 0.989 to 0.999. However, the R2 of the pseudo‐first‐order and Elovich models was also relatively high. Alternariol and AME could be partially eluted by methanol and acetonitrile.CONCLUSIONThe inactivated yeast cells could effectively remove AOH and AME. This was best fitted by the pseudo‐second‐order model. The release assay suggested that the adsorption of Alternaria mycotoxins was partially reversible. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the removal of Alternaria mycotoxins from food systems and are useful for the investigation of the mechanisms involved in mycotoxin adsorption by inactivated yeast cells. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of pistachio by‐product extracts treatment in protecting soybean meal and canola meal protein from rumen microbial degradation
Authors: Shakeri Pirouz , Riasi Ahmad , Tahmasbi Reza 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe industrial de‐hulling of fresh pistachio generates a large quantity of pistachio by‐products (PBP). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of treating soybean meal (SBM) and canola meal (CM) with tannin extracts derived from PBP on the protein fractions according to the Cornell Net Carbohydrates and Protein System (CNCPS), rumen degradability, and ruminal and post‐ruminal crude protein (CP) disappearance in an in situ trials using three fistulated steers. The extracts of PBP were obtained via different solvents and then added to SBM and CM, so that the final concentrations of added tannins were 0, 5 and 10 g kg−1 dry matter.RESULTSThe CNCPS soluble proteins (fractions A + B1) of CP and B1 fraction of CP were lower (P < 0.01) in SBM and CM treated with PBP extracts than untreated meals. Treating SBM with different PBP extracts (except 5 g kg−1 tannin water extract) and CM with 5 g kg−1 tannin water extract and 10 g kg−1 tannin ethanol extract decreased (P < 0.01) ruminal disappearance of CP. From the in situ results, the rapidly degradable fraction (a) of CP decreased (P < 0.01) by treating SBM with different PBP extracts and CM with 5 and 10 g kg−1 tannin water extracts, whereas the slowly degradable fraction (b) of CP remained unchanged in SBM. Treatment of SBM and CM with PBP extracts decreased (P < 0.01) the effective degradability of crude protein estimated with different outflow rates.CONCLUSIONSome of the tannin extracts derived from PBP by water, ethanol and methanol could be effective with respect to protein protection of SBM and CM from degradation in the rumen; however, the use of tannin from water extracts can be more economical and practical. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
An efficient biosorption‐based dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction with extractant removal by magnetic nanoparticles for quantification of bisphenol A in water samples by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry detection
Authors: Subuhi Nur Ezwan Anis Muhd , Saad Salwani Md , Zain Nur Nadhirah Mohamad , Lim Vuanghao , Miskam Mazidatulakmam , Kamaruzaman Sazlinda , Raoov Muggundha , Yahaya Noorfatimah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, a simple, fast, sensitive, and environmentally friendly method was developed for preconcentration and quantitative measurement of bisphenol A in water samples using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The preconcentration approach, namely biosorption‐based dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction with extractant removal by magnetic nanoparticles was performed based on the formation of microdroplet of rhamnolipid biosurfactant throughout the aqueous samples, which accelerates the mass transfer process between the extraction solvent and sample solution. The process is then followed by the application of magnetic nanoparticles for easy retrieval of the analyte‐containing extraction solvent. Several important variables were optimized comprehensively including type of disperser solvent and desorption solvent, rhamnolipid concentration, volume of disperser solvent, amount of magnetic nanoparticles, extraction time, desorption time, ionic strength, and sample pH. Under the optimized microextraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry conditions, the method demonstrated good linearity over the range of 0.5–500 µg/L with a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.9904, low limit of detection (0.15 µg/L) and limit of quantification (0.50 µg/L) of bisphenol A, good analyte recoveries (84–120%) and acceptable relative standard deviation (1.8–14.9%, n = 6). The proposed method was successfully applied to three environmental water samples, and bisphenol A was detected in all samples.
The Prevalence and Longitudinal Patterns of Continuous Community Violence Exposure and Trauma‐Related Symptoms in Adolescent Male Serious Offenders
Authors: Gaylord‐Harden Noni K. , Burnside Amanda , Tinsley Don'Terius 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current study examined the longitudinal patterns of continuous exposure to community violence (ECV) and associated symptoms in serious adolescent male offenders. Using data from the Pathways to Desistance Study (Schubert et al., 2004), the current study examined the prevalence of continuous ECV and the stability in exposure over a 3‐year period in 1,170 adolescent male offenders (M age at baseline = 16.05 years, SD = 1.15). The results revealed variability in adolescent offenders’ ECV and trauma‐related symptoms. A latent class analysis identified three classes of participants at each time point: “witnessed with hostility,” “dually exposed [i.e., high probability of both witnessing and victimization] with anxiety and hostility,” and “no/low exposure with anxiety and hostility.” Participants in the witnessed with hostility class reported more baseline ECV than those in the other classes, ds = 0.62–1.37, and more violent offenses than those in the dually exposed with anxiety and hostility class, d = 0.48. In addition, participants in the witnessed with hostility class were older, d = 0.10, and reported more violent offenses at baseline, d = 0.07, than those in the no/low exposure class; however, participants in the no/low exposure class reported spending more time in secure settings with no community access than those in the witnessed with hostility class, d = 0.20. A latent transition analysis over a 3‐year period revealed relatively high stability in ECV and trauma‐related symptoms over time, with a large proportion of participants remaining in the same violence and trauma class at each transition.
Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Single Crystals with Different Aspect Ratios Mediated by Counterion Exchange on the Basis of Hofmeister Series
Authors: Su Yawei , Luo Haipeng , Tong Zaizai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough polymeric single crystals fabricated from self‐assembly of block copolymers are reported, preparation of single crystals with different aspect ratios still remains a major challenge. In this work, a facile way is demonstrated to prepare poly(ε‐caprolactone) based single crystals with tunable aspect ratios through simple counterion exchange on the basis of the Hofmeister series. Briefly, after ion exchange from Brˉ (an ion‐containing triblock copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)‐b‐poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐b‐poly(quaternized 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)/ethyl bromide (PEO‐b‐PCL‐b‐qPDM‐Br)) to more hydrophobic anions, Iˉ, SCNˉ, PF6ˉ and OTfˉ, respectively, morphological transitions from spheres to wormlike micelles and sphere to 2D platelet structure with an increasing aspect ratio are observed. The morphological transition depends on the essential hydrophilicity of the qPDM‐X segment and increasing crystallinity of the PCL core caused by ion exchange. These findings provide a facile approach to the preparation of polymeric single crystals with tunable aspect ratios.
Two novel mutations in DNAJC12 identified by whole‐exome sequencing in a patient with mild hyperphenylalaninemia
Authors: Li Mengting , Yang Qi , Yi Sheng , Qin Zailong , Luo Jingsi , Fan Xin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecently hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) caused by variants in DNAJC12 was reported and this suggested a new strategy for diagnosis. But DNAJC12‐associated HPA is a rare in Chinese population so far.MethodsThe clinical information and blood samples from the patient and his family members were collected and analyzed. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify the causative gene.ResultsWe reported a newborn patient with HPA, having excluded the causes in common genes associated with HPA. By using whole‐exome sequencing, novel compound heterozygosity mutations in DNAJC12 were found, namely c.306C>G (p.His102Gln) and c.182delA (p.Lys61Argfs*6). Administering a diet with low phenylalanine combined with tetrahydrobiopterin and neurotransmitter precursors were shown to be effective in preventing neurodevelopmental delay for these patients.ConclusionOur finding confirms the diagnosis of DNAJC12‐associated HPA and suggests that genetic detection of DNAJC12 should be considered when newborn screening results are positive for HPA.
A novel missense variant in MYO3A is associated with autosomal dominant high‐frequency hearing loss in a German family
Authors: Doll Julia , Hofrichter Michaela A. H. , Bahena Paulina , Heihoff Alfred , Segebarth Dennis , Müller Tobias , Dittrich Marcus , Haaf Thomas , Vona Barbara 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMYO3A, encoding the myosin IIIA protein, is associated with autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing loss. To date, only two missense variants located in the motor‐head domain of MYO3A have been described in autosomal dominant families with progressive, mild‐to‐profound sensorineural hearing loss. These variants alter the ATPase activity of myosin IIIA.MethodsExome sequencing of a proband from a three‐generation German family with prelingual, moderate‐to‐profound, high‐frequency hearing loss was performed. Segregation analysis confirmed a dominant inheritance pattern. Regression analysis of mean hearing level thresholds per individual and ear was performed at high‐, mid‐, and low‐frequencies.ResultsA novel heterozygous missense variant c.716T>C, p.(Leu239Pro) in the kinase domain of MYO3A was identified that is predicted in silico as disease causing. High‐frequency, progressive hearing loss was identified.ConclusionCorrelation analysis of pure‐tone hearing thresholds revealed progressive hearing loss, especially in the high‐frequencies. In the present study, we report the first dominant likely pathogenic variant in MYO3A in a European family and further support MYO3A as an autosomal dominant hearing loss gene.
Robust data‐driven identification of risk factors and their interactions: A simulation and a study of parental and demographic risk factors for schizophrenia
Authors: Gyllenberg David , McKeague Ian W. , Sourander Andre , Brown Alan S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesFew interactions between risk factors for schizophrenia have been replicated, but fitting all such interactions is difficult due to high‐dimensionality. Our aims are to examine significant main and interaction effects for schizophrenia and the performance of our approach using simulated data.MethodsWe apply the machine learning technique elastic net to a high‐dimensional logistic regression model to produce a sparse set of predictors, and then assess the significance of odds ratios (OR) with Bonferroni‐corrected p‐values and confidence intervals (CI). We introduce a simulation model that resembles a Finnish nested case–control study of schizophrenia which uses national registers to identify cases (n = 1,468) and controls (n = 2,975). The predictors include nine sociodemographic factors and all interactions (31 predictors).ResultsIn the simulation, interactions with OR = 3 and prevalence = 4% were identified with <5% false positive rate and ≥80% power. None of the studied interactions were significantly associated with schizophrenia, but main effects of parental psychosis (OR = 5.2, CI 2.9–9.7; p < .001), urbanicity (1.3, 1.1–1.7; p = .001), and paternal age ≥35 (1.3, 1.004–1.6; p = .04) were significant.ConclusionsWe have provided an analytic pipeline for data‐driven identification of main and interaction effects in case–control data. We identified highly replicated main effects for schizophrenia, but no interactions.
Translation and validation of the anticipated turnover scale for the Portuguese cultural context
Authors: de Sul Susana Isabel Rodrigues , Lucas Pedro Ricardo Martins Bernardes 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to culturally and linguistically adapt the Anticipated Turnover Scale (ATS) for the Portuguese population.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThe ATS instrument was validated in a non‐probabilistic sample of 259 nurses working at three hospitals in Portugal. The validity was assessed through factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability and test–retest.ResultsThe final scale is a one‐factor scale consisting of 10 items and called "turnover intention." There are significant correlations among the scale items. Reliability and validity are acceptable. The ATS—Portuguese version, exhibited good psychometric properties for the Portuguese population.
An open annotated bibliography for soil and water conservation: A case study
Authors: Moorberg Colby J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe rising cost of textbooks is a barrier to higher education for many students. Open textbooks are one potential solution, though few open textbooks exist for agriculture and natural science disciplines. Here, I present a case study examining my selection of assigned reading material for a college course on soil and water conservation. Potential options included three commercial textbooks or using an assortment of alternative reading assignments in place of a traditional textbook. I chose to use alternative reading assignments, which include extension publications, government reports, and other similar and free resources available online. This led to the creation of an open annotated bibliography, Soil and Water Conservation: An Annotated Bibliography. An overview of the annotated bibliography development, content, and classroom use is presented. Soil and Water Conservation: An Annotated Bibliography serves as a resource for students and practitioners of soil and water conservation, and as an example of an alternative approach for developing open textbooks that enhance natural sciences education.
Facile preparation of robust superhydrophobic surface based on multi‐scales nanoparticle
Authors: Qi Chunhong , Chen He , Sun Youyi , Shen Luyan , Li Xiaolin , Fu Qiang , Liu Yaqing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA new superhydrophobic surface based on multi‐scales nanoparticle was designed and prepared to enhance the robustness and reproducibility. The influence of multi‐scale nanoparticles on the structure and property of the superhydrophobic surface was further investigated. The superhydrophobic surface with optimized composition did not only show high contact angle of 160°‐166.3° but also exhibited good durability to the mechanical, chemical, and thermal environments. Furthermore, the superhydrophobic surface was evaluated for application in anticorrosion, anti‐icing, and self‐cleaning. This study provides a new method to prepare robust superhydrophobic surface based on polymer nanocomposite coating for various potential applications.
Ethylene polymerization and copolymerization reactions with Ti(OR)4 – Al2(C2H5)3Cl3/Mg(C4H9)2 catalyst
Authors: Rishina Laura А , Kissin Yury V , Lalayan Svetlana S , Krasheninnikov Vadim G 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe ternary Ti(Oiso‐C3H7)4–Al2(C2H5)3Cl3/Mg(C4H9)2 catalyst polymerizes ethylene and copolymerizes it with 1‐hexene but does not polymerize propylene. The catalyst contains several types of active centers with different kinetic parameters; they produce polymer components with different average molecular weights. The centers have similar reactivities in ethylene/1‐hexene copolymerization reactions and produce copolymers with a relatively uniform compositional distribution. The catalyst can be used for synthesis of ethylene/1‐alkene copolymers of the linear low‐density polyethylene type. The principal advantages of the catalyst are high activity, stable kinetic behavior, low cost of all components and the ease of use: the catalyst is prepared in situ from three commercially available compounds readily soluble in aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Ignition and Extinction of n‐Butyl Nitroxyethylnitramine‐Plasticized Polyethylene Glycol Propellants
Authors: Shim Hong‐Min , Kim Sung June , Min Byoung Sun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe ignition and extinction of n‐butyl nitroxyethylnitramine (BuNENA)‐plasticized polyethylene glycol (PEG) propellants were investigated with respect to the concentration of binder and the ratio of plasticizer to polymer (pl/po). A distinctive change in the ignition delay time (tign) of the propellants was found at a low pressure of 0.03 MPa, where tign increases as the binder concentration increases from 24 % to 32 % and decreases when the pl/po ratio reaches from 1 to 6. The kinetic analysis shows that the ignition delay of BuNENA‐PEG propellants is due to a high activation energy of a condensed phase accompanied by the reduction of NO in the gas phase that plays an important role in the formation of luminous flames. Furthermore, the BuNENA‐PEG propellants with a high concentration of binder or a low ratio of pl/po were found to result in a relatively high value of the pressure deflagration limit (PDL) under which steady combustion cannot occur. With regard to combustion stability, it seems that the BuNENA‐PEG propellants producing relatively large amounts of CO and H2 are easy to extinguish and exhibit significant delay in ignition at low pressure.