bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Goal‐directed interaction of stimulus and task demand in the parahippocampal region
Authors: Lee Su‐Min , Jin Seung‐Woo , Park Seong‐Beom , Park Eun‐Hye , Lee Choong‐Hee , Lee Hyun‐Woo , Lim Heung‐Yeol , Yoo Seung‐Woo , Ahn Jae Rong , Shin Jhoseph , Lee Sang Ah , Lee Inah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe hippocampus and parahippocampal region are essential for representing episodic memories involving various spatial locations and objects, and for using those memories for future adaptive behavior. The “dual‐stream model” was initially formulated based on anatomical characteristics of the medial temporal lobe, dividing the parahippocampal region into two streams that separately process and relay spatial and nonspatial information to the hippocampus. Despite its significance, the dual‐stream model in its original form cannot explain recent experimental results, and many researchers have recognized the need for a modification of the model. Here, we argue that dividing the parahippocampal region into spatial and nonspatial streams a priori may be too simplistic, particularly in light of ambiguous situations in which a sensory cue alone (e.g., visual scene) may not allow such a definitive categorization. Upon reviewing evidence, including our own, that reveals the importance of goal‐directed behavioral responses in determining the relative involvement of the parahippocampal processing streams, we propose the Goal‐directed Interaction of Stimulus and Task‐demand (GIST) model. In the GIST model, input stimuli such as visual scenes and objects are first processed by both the postrhinal and perirhinal cortices—the postrhinal cortex more heavily involved with visual scenes and perirhinal cortex with objects—with relatively little dependence on behavioral task demand. However, once perceptual ambiguities are resolved and the scenes and objects are identified and recognized, the information is then processed through the medial or lateral entorhinal cortex, depending on whether it is used to fulfill navigational or non‐navigational goals, respectively. As complex sensory stimuli are utilized for both navigational and non‐navigational purposes in an intermixed fashion in naturalistic settings, the hippocampus may be required to then put together these experiences into a coherent map to allow flexible cognitive operations for adaptive behavior to occur.
Pressure‐Induced Perovskite‐to‐non‐Perovskite Phase Transition in CsPbBr3
Authors: Noculak Agnieszka , Boehme Simon C. , Aebli Marcel , Shynkarenko Yevhen , McCall Kyle M. , Kovalenko Maksym V. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe expanding range of optoelectronic applications of lead‐halide perovskites requires their production in diverse forms (single crystals, thin‐ and thick‐films or even nanocrystals), motivating the development of diverse materials processing and deposition routes that are specifically suited for these structurally soft, low‐melting semiconductors. Pressure‐assisted deposition of compact pellets or thick‐films are gaining popularity, necessitating studies on the pressure effects on the atomic structure and properties of the resulting material. Herein we report the phase transformation in bulk polycrystalline cesium lead bromide from its three‐dimensional perovskite phase (γ‐CsPbBr3) into the one‐dimensional polymorph (δ‐CsPbBr3) upon application of hydrostatic pressure (0.35 GPa). δ‐CsPbBr3 is characterized by a wide bandgap of 2.9 eV and broadband yellow luminescence at 585 nm (2.1 eV) originating from self‐trapped excitons. The formation of δ‐CsPbBr3 was confirmed and characterized by Raman spectroscopy, 207Pb and 133Cs solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray diffraction, absorption spectroscopy, and temperature‐dependent and time‐resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. No such phase transition was observed in colloidal CsPbBr3 nanocrystals.
DNA methylation age as a biomarker for cancer
Authors: Lau Chung‐Ho E. , Robinson Oliver 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCancer is well established as an age‐associated disease, and there is substantial overlap in the molecular, cellular and physiological changes observed with both ageing and the progression of cancer. Age‐specific declines in resilience mechanisms such as DNA repair or epigenetic maintenance may contribute to the development of cancer. These declines may be assessed through biomarkers that measure biological age and through the related concept of “age acceleration”. Epigenetic clocks, assessed through DNA methylation levels, are among the most widely used biological age markers in cancer studies. In this review, we discuss the use of DNA methylation ageing measures to predict population cancer incidence, mortality and survival. Blood‐based DNA methylation age estimators appear to be promising measures of increased cancer risk and mortality, although their reported effects are generally weak, thus its clinical relevance remains to be validated in large case‐cohort and longitudinal studies. Future development of epigenetic and other biological age biomarkers will likely further elucidate the links between ageing and cancer.
Effects of a community resilience intervention program on victims of forced displacement: A case study
Authors: Perdomo Mónica , Sánchez Flor , Blanco Amalio 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article describes the effects of an intervention program that uses community resilience and the psychological, social, and subjective well‐being of victims of forced displacement as a reference framework. Following a multiple instrumental case study methodology with pre–post‐intervention measurements, the cases of eight people were analyzed, six women and two men between the ages of 30 and 65, low socioeconomic and educational level, all of whom had been victims of forced displacement and currently reside in Ibagué where the intervention program was performed. The reliable change index was applied to estimate the effects of the program. In each case, participation in the program significantly improved the results of certain variables, but there were differences between the cases concerning the improvement levels and intensity. Therefore, the development of programs that reinforce community resilience can have positive effects on the perceptions of the participants regarding their well‐being and social relationships.
Hypermethylation‐mediated downregulation of lncRNA PVT1 promotes granulosa cell apoptosis in premature ovarian insufficiency via interacting with Foxo3a
Authors: Wang Fang , Chen Xuemei , Sun Bo , Ma Yujia , Niu Wenbin , Zhai Jun , Sun Yingpu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLong noncoding RNA PVT1 is involved in the progression of female gynecological cancers. However, the role of PVT1 in ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis‐mediated premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of PVT1 in ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis‐mediated POI. The expression of PVT1 was compared between ovarian tissues from POI patients and normal controls. The methylation level in the PVT1 promoter region was detected by methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction. The interaction between PVT1 and forkhead box class O3A (Foxo3a) was confirmed by RNA pull‐down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Granulosa cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. The effect of PVT1 on transcription activity of Foxo3a was detected by luciferase reporter assay. The expression of PVT1 was low in the POI ovarian tissues compared with the controls, and such a low expression was related to the hypermethylation of the PVT1 promoter. PVT1 was localized in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of granulosa cells. We determined that PVT1 could bind with Foxo3a and that downregulating PVT1 by small interfering RNAs inhibited Foxo3a phosphorylation by promoting SCP4‐mediated Foxo3a dephosphorylation, resulting in an increase in Foxo3a transcription activity. Moreover, downregulating PVT1 promoted granulosa cell apoptosis by increasing the Foxo3a protein levels. An in vivo experiment showed that the injection of PVT1 overexpressing vectors restored the ovarian function in POI mice. Hypermethylation‐induced downregulation of PVT1 promotes granulosa cell apoptosis in POI by inhibiting Foxo3a phosphorylation and increases the Foxo3a transcription activity.
Calcineurin A gamma and NFATc3/SRPX2 axis contribute to human embryonic stem cell differentiation
Authors: Chen Hao , Zeng Yanwu , Shao Min , Zhao Hanzhi , Fang Zhuoqing , Gu Junjie , Liao Bing , Jin Ying 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOur understanding of signaling pathways regulating the cell fate of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) is limited. Calcineurin‐NFAT signaling is associated with a wide range of biological processes and diseases. However, its role in controlling hESC fate remains unclear. Here, we report that calcineurin A gamma and the NFATc3/SRPX2 axis control the expression of lineage and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in hESCs. Knockdown of PPP3CC, the gene encoding calcineurin A gamma, or NFATC3, downregulates certain markers both at the self‐renewal state and during differentiation of hESCs. Furthermore, NFATc3 interacts with c‐JUN and regulates the expression of SRPX2, the gene encoding a secreted glycoprotein known as a ligand of uPAR. We show that SRPX2 is a downstream target of NFATc3. Both SRPX2 and uPAR participate in controlling expression of lineage and EMT markers. Importantly, SRPX2 knockdown diminishes the upregulation of multiple lineage and EMT markers induced by co‐overexpression of NFATc3 and c‐JUN in hESCs. Together, this study uncovers a previously unknown role of calcineurin A gamma and the NFATc3/SRPX2 axis in modulating the fate determination of hESCs.
T. Thomson Flynn and the monotreme egg from oocyte maturation to germ layer formation
Authors: Carter Anthony M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractKnowledge of oocyte development and the early differentiation of the germ layers in monotremes stems largely from two articles by J. P. Hill and T. Thomson Flynn. The completeness of their account was due to the large series of echidna ovaries and eggs collected on Tasmania by Flynn, an Australian biologist of whom a brief account is given. A striking finding in the oocyte and early embryo of monotremes was the presence of a latebra connected to the yolk bed beneath the germinal disc as described in birds and several reptiles. A further resemblance was the presence early in vitellogenesis of a striate zone beneath the zona pellucida. Cleavage resulted first in a lens‐shaped blastodisc encircled by cells called vitellocytes that later fused to form a germ‐ring. The blastodisc gave rise to a blastoderm that eventually became unilaminar but comprised two cell types identified as ectoderm and primitive endoderm. Eventually these segregated into two layers and formed a blastula. This sequence resembled that in marsupials except there was no obvious distinction between future embryonic and extra‐embryonic regions. As the blastoderm extended over the surface of the yolk, it was preceded by the germ‐ring that eventually played a role in forming the yolk navel. This was a unique feature of monotreme development. It is shown that Flynn played an important role in analysis of the material as well as in its collection.
Chemical binding of horseradish peroxidase enzyme with poly beta‐cyclodextrin and its application as molecularly imprinted polymer for the monitoring of H2O2 in human plasma samples
Authors: Sardaremelli Sanam , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Razmi Habib 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, a selective and sensitive molecular imprinting‐based electrochemical sensors, for horseradish peroxidase (HRP) entrapment was fabricated using electro polymerization of ß‐Cyclodextrin (ß‐CD) on the surface of glassy carbon electrode. Poly beta‐cyclodextrin P(ß‐CD) provide efficient surface area for self‐immobilization of HRP as well as improve imprinting efficiency. The proposed imprinted biosensor successfully utilized for detection of HRP with excellent analytical results which linear range is 0.1 mg/mL to 10 ng/mL with LOD of 2.23 ng/mL. Furthermore, electrocatalytical activity of the prepared biosensor toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide was investigated in the ranges of 1 to 15 μM with a detection limit of 0.4 μM by using chronoamperometry technique. The developed biosensor was used for the detection of hydrogen peroxide in unprocessed human plasma sample.
Automated machine learning to predict the co‐occurrence of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations and O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation in patients with gliomas
Authors: Zhang Simin , Sun Huaiqiang , Su Xiaorui , Yang Xibiao , Wang Weina , Wan Xinyue , Tan Qiaoyue , Chen Ni , Yue Qiang , Gong Qiyong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCombining isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation (IDHmut) with O6‐methylguanine‐DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation (MGMTmet) has been identified as a critical prognostic molecular marker for gliomas. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of glioma radiomics features from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the co‐occurrence of IDHmut and MGMTmet by applying the tree‐based pipeline optimization tool (TPOT), an automated machine learning (autoML) approach. This was a retrospective study, in which 162 patients with gliomas were evaluated, including 58 patients with co‐occurrence of IDHmut and MGMTmet and 104 patients with other status comprising: IDH wildtype and MGMT unmethylated (n = 67), IDH wildtype and MGMTmet (n = 36), and IDHmut and MGMT unmethylated (n = 1). Three‐dimensional (3D) T1‐weighted images, gadolinium‐enhanced 3D T1‐weighted images (Gd‐3DT1WI), T2‐weighted images, and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images acquired at 3.0 T were used. Radiomics features were extracted from FLAIR and Gd‐3DT1WI images. The TPOT was employed to generate the best machine learning pipeline, which contains both feature selector and classifier, based on input feature sets. A 4‐fold cross‐validation was used to evaluate the performance of automatically generated models. For each iteration, the training set included 121 subjects, while the test set included 41 subjects. Student's t‐test or a chi‐square test was applied on different clinical characteristics between two groups. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, kappa score, and AUC were used to evaluate the performance of TPOT‐generated models. Finally, we compared the above metrics of TPOT‐generated models to identify the best‐performing model. Patients' ages and grades between two groups were significantly different (p = 0.002 and p = 0.000, respectively). The 4‐fold cross‐validation showed that gradient boosting classifier trained on shape and textual features from the Laplacian‐of‐Gaussian‐filtered Gd‐3DT1 achieved the best performance (average sensitivity = 81.1%, average specificity = 94%, average accuracy = 89.4%, average kappa score = 0.76, average AUC = 0.951). Using autoML based on radiomics features from MRI, a high discriminatory accuracy was achieved for predicting co‐occurrence of IDHmut and MGMTmet in gliomas.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage3
A novel LC‐MS/MS method for simultaneous estimation of obeticholic acid, glyco‐obeticholic acid, tauro‐obeticholic acid in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Valluri Venkat Rao , Katari Naresh Kumar , Khatri Chirag , Yadlapalli Siva Sankara Rao , Anand Krishnan , Gundla Rambabu , Polagani Srinivasa Rao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA rapid, robust, simple, selective, and sensitive liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of obeticholic acid and its two pharmacologically active metabolites, glyco‐obeticholic acid, and tauro‐obeticholic acid in human plasma. The analytes and their heavy stable isotope‐labeled internal standards were extracted from 250 μL human plasma by a solid‐phase extraction technique. The method linearity was established over a concentration range of 0.410 to 120.466 ng/mL for obeticholic acid, 0.414 to 121.708 ng/mL for glyco‐obeticholic acid, and 0.255 to 75.101 ng/mL for tauro‐obeticholic acid. The method was fully validated as per current guidelines on bioanalytical method validation of “United States of Food and Drug Administration” and “European Medicines Agency.” The method was successfully applied to study the pharmacokinetics of obeticholic acid, glyco‐obeticholic acid, and tauro‐obeticholic acid following oral administration of obeticholic acid tablets to healthy male volunteers. All the measured concentrations were within calibration curve ranges.
Educational interventions to improve maternal‐foetal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Gorbán de Lapertosa Silvia , Elgart Jorge F. , González Claudio D. , Alvariñas Jorge , Camin Paula , Mezzabotta Leonardo , Salzberg Susana , Gagliardino Juan J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsTo evaluate improvement in gestational diabetes (GDM) outcomes for mothers and their offspring induced by education provided to the healthcare team (HCTM) and women with GDM, plus coordination between primary care units (PCU) and highly complex maternity (HCM) facilities.MethodsPregnant women with GDM completing control visits from first appointment until delivery were recruited in participating PCU‐HCM, in the cities of Corrientes and Buenos Aires; 263 women recruited from 2017 to mid‐2018 were assigned to the control group (CG), and 432 women recruited from mid‐2018 to 2019 to the intervention group (IG). The CG received standardized care/routine management and follow‐up, including basic information on blood glucose monitoring and insulin injection when necessary, whereas the IG received an educational program targeting HCTM and women with GDM. These courses included standards of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of GDM, plus systematic registry of clinical and metabolic indicators (fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol and triglyceride). Data on obstetric history, preeclampsia, gestation‐induced hypertension, delivery method and newborn's body weight were also recordedResultsWomen in the IG showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower BMI and weight gain during gestation, a trend towards lower triglyceride and caesarean sections and a significant increase in postnatal attendance for metabolic assessment. Their newborns showed significantly lower body weight and a trend towards fewer macrosomia.ConclusionsThese data suggest that our educational intervention plus management changes induced a favourable impact on GDM outcomes for both mothers and offspring.
Relationship between nurse’s voice and self‐leadership: A time‐lagged study
Authors: Gong Zhenxing , Van Swol Lyn M. , Li Fei , Gilal Faheem Gul 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimLess empirical attention has been paid to the positive relationship between voice behaviour and voice speaker development, such as self‐leadership. The present study explores the relationship among nurses’ voice, perceived insider status and self‐leadership.MethodThis study was based on time‐lagged survey data collected from 608 frontline nurses. jamovi and PROCESS macro were used for analysis.ResultsPromotive voice and prohibitive voice were positively associated with self‐leadership. Perceived inside status mediated the relationship between promotive voice/prohibitive voice and self‐leadership. Prohibitive voice was more strongly related to self‐leadership than promotive voice.ConclusionsWhen nurses dare to voice, nurses’ self‐leadership can be enhanced through perceived insider status improving, especially for nurses who dare to prohibitive voice.Implications for nursing managementNurse managers should protect the privacy of voice, continually provide feedback on voice and set up special encouragement for prohibitive voice.
Can you hear me now?: Improving palliative care access through telehealth
Authors: Allen Watts Kristen , Malone Emily , Dionne‐Odom J. Nicholas , McCammon Susan , Currie Erin , Hicks Jennifer , Tucker Rodney O. , Wallace Eric , Elk Ronit , Bakitas Marie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTelehealth has been increasingly used to expand healthcare access over the last two decades. However, this had not been the case for palliative care (PC), because telehealth was considered nontraditional and impractical due to the sensitive nature of conversations and a “high touch” philosophy. Motivated by limited PC access to rural and underserved populations and positive PC telehealth studies, clinical PC telehealth models have been developing. However, nearly overnight, the COVID‐19 pandemic accelerated the use and uptake of telehealth across health care and especially in PC. As a result, clinicians, administrators, and others agree that telehealth is “here to stay,” and will likely maintain widespread use and refinement beyond rural areas. The purpose of this review is to describe exemplar PC telehealth programs in research and clinical practice, including pros and cons, lessons learned, and future directions for the ongoing development and expansion of PC via telehealth across diseases and the lifespan.
Linseed ameliorates renal apoptosis in rat fetuses induced by single or combined exposure to diesel nanoparticles or fenitrothion by inhibiting transcriptional activation of p21/p53 and caspase‐3/9 through pro‐oxidant stimulus
Authors: Ibrahim Khairy A. , Abdelgaid Hala A. , El‐Desouky Mohamed Ali , Fahmi Abdelgawad Ali , Abdel‐Daim Mohamed M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGestational exposure to environmental pollutants can induce oxidative injury and apoptosis since the fetal organs are sensitively vulnerable to these chemicals. In this work, we have investigated the renal anti‐apoptotic efficiency of linseed (LS) against the oxidative stress‐mediated upregulation of the fetal apoptosis‐related genes following the prenatal intoxication with diesel nanoparticles (DNPs) and/or fenitrothion (FNT). A fifty‐six timed‐pregnant rats were equally divided to eight groups; control, LS (20% in diet), DNPs (0.5 mg/kg by intratracheal inoculation), FNT (3.76 mg/kg by gavage), DNPs+FNT, LS + DNPs, LS + FNT, and LS + DNPs+FNT. The transmission electron microscope analysis revealed the spherical shape of diesel particles with a homogeneous nanosized range (20–92.3 nm) and the crystallinity was confirmed by electron diffraction microscopy. Administration of DNPs and/or FNT significantly increased fetal renal malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and glutathione reductase as compared with the control group. However, they declined the level of glutathione together with the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione‐S‐transferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Furthermore, DNPs and/or FNT elicited many histopathological changes in fetal renal cells, markedly up‐regulated apoptosis‐related gene expressions (p53, p21 caspase‐3, and caspase‐9), and evoked DNA breaks as detected by comet assay. Interestingly, LS supplementation significantly ameliorated the disturbances in oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, downregulated the apoptosis gene expressions, and alleviated DNA damage alongside renal cell architecture. These findings reveal that the antioxidant and anti‐apoptotic characteristics of LS are acceptable defender pointers for the renal injury especially during gestational exposure to DNPs and/or FNT.