bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential for smart food products in rural Myanmar: use of millets and pigeonpea to fill the nutrition gap
Authors: Anitha Seetha , Htut Thyn Thyn , Tsusaka Takuji W , Jalagam Ashok , Kane‐Potaka Joanna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study examined the potential for ‘Smart Food’ with respect to contributing to the Sustainable Development Goal 2 of ending malnutrition by 2030, using a small‐scale capacity building case study in Oe Be Village, Myingyan district, Mandalay region, Myanmar. Within the study site, refined white rice is the major staple, followed by vegetables and animal source food in inadequate quantities. The protein intake in this particular dry zone community meets only 50% of the daily requirement and even less for those children aged less than 23 months. Therefore, to determine the acceptance and opportunity for legumes and millets which are produced locally, nutritious formulations were introduced for various age groups. In addition, a sensory evaluation of the recipes was conducted to test the acceptance of the nutritious products.RESULTSTwo weeks of the inclusion of millets and pigeonpea in the diets of children aged 6–23 months had a positive impact on wasting, stunting and underweight (P = 0.002, 0.014 and 0.023, respectively). Moreover, the acceptability of these new food products by the children was found to be high. These results indicate an unexplored opportunity for specific millets rich in iron, zinc and calcium, as well as for pigeonpea rich in protein, if prepared in a culturally acceptable way.CONCLUSIONThe impact and acceptability of this small scale and short‐term intervention indicate the potential for Smart Food products in filling the nutrition gap arising from the traditional food consumption habits in the dry zones of Myanmar. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Surgical anatomy of vascularized submental lymph node flap: Sharing arterial supply of lymph nodes with the skin and topographic relationship with anterior belly of digastric muscle
Authors: Piyaman Parkpoom , Patchanee Krittayot , Oonjitti Thanaphorn , Ratanalekha Rosarin , Yodrabum Nutcha 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDevelopment of vascularized submental lymph node (VSLN) flap has encountered dilemmas; (a) whether to include skin paddle, (b) how to reduce the harvest area while gaining most lymph nodes. To answer, these structures were studied; submental perforator, lymph nodes in neck‐level I and anterior belly of digastric muscle (ABDM).MethodsForty VSLN flaps were harvested from 23 cadavers. The lymph nodes and arterial supply were studied macro‐ and microscopically. The nodes were classified by arterial supplies, location along the longitudinal axis and relationship with ABDM.ResultsVSLN flap had 4.4 lymph nodes by average (range 1‐8) predominantly located in the posterior three‐quarter of the flap. Half of the submental perforators were originated deep to ABDM. they circumvent the muscle, supplied much of the nodes in neck sublevel Ia before reaching the skin. While sublevel Ib located the most surgically accessible submental nodes. Most of their arterial supply was branched from submental perforator lateral to ABDM, not directly from the submental artery.ConclusionThe flap could be reduced to the posterior three‐quarter of the original area. Skin paddle should be included to serve as an indirect lymph node monitor. If Ia lymph nodes are to be included, ABDM should be sacrified.
Radiation exposure alters airway deformability and bony structure displacement during laryngoscopy
Authors: Rees Christiaan A. , Wu Xiaotian , Eisen Eric A. , Pastel David A. , Halter Ryan J. , Paydarfar Joseph A. 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundPrior therapeutic radiation exposure in the setting of head and neck malignancies is associated with difficult airway instrumentation. We sought to characterize the anatomic changes that produce this phenotype.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsFive individuals with prior radiation therapy to the upper aerodigestive tract (previously irradiated) and 10 with no prior history of therapeutic radiation exposure (nonirradiated) were enrolled. Computed tomography images obtained before and during laryngoscope insertion (“uninstrumented” and “instrumented”, respectively) were used to reconstruct three‐dimensional representations of the pharyngeal airway, hyoid, and mandible.ResultsIn the instrumented state, pharyngeal airway volumes were significantly greater in nonirradiated subjects relative to previously irradiated subjects (P = .01), and overall translation of both the hyoid and mandible was also greater in nonirradiated subjects (P = .01 and .04, respectively).ConclusionIndividuals with prior therapeutic radiation exposure to the upper aerodigestive tract differ from nonirradiated subjects with respect to airway deformation and bony structure translation during laryngoscopy.Level of Evidence4
On homogeneous decomposition spaces and associated decompositions of distribution spaces
Authors: Al‐Jawahri Zeineb , Nielsen Morten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA new construction of decomposition smoothness spaces of homogeneous type is considered. The smoothness spaces are based on structured and flexible decompositions of the frequency space . We construct simple adapted tight frames for that can be used to fully characterise the smoothness norm in terms of a sparseness condition imposed on the frame coefficients. Moreover, it is proved that the frames provide a universal decomposition of tempered distributions with convergence in the tempered distributions modulo polynomials. As an application of the general theory, the notion of homogeneous α‐modulation spaces is introduced.
Antarctic thraustochytrids: Producers of long‐chain omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Shene Carolina , Paredes Paris , Vergara Daniela , Leyton Allison , Garcés Marcelo , Flores Liset , Rubilar Mónica , Bustamante Mariela , Armenta Roberto 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThraustochytrids have been isolated from different aquatic systems; however, few studies have reported their occurrence in Antarctica. In this study, 13 strains close to strains belonging to the genera Oblongichytrium, Thraustochytrium, and Aurantiochytrium were isolated from seawater samples collected near the Antarctic Base Professor Julio Escudero (S 62°12′57′ E 58°57′35″). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was found in the total lipids of all the isolates; DHA content of the biomass (dry weight) varied between 3.3 and 33 mg/g under the growth conditions for isolation. Five of the Antarctic thraustochytrids were able to accumulate lipids at levels higher than 20% w/w. Two strains, RT2316‐7 and RT2316‐13, were selected to test the effect of the incubation temperature (at 5°C for 14 days and at 15°C for 5 days). Incubation temperature had little effect on the lipid content and biomass yield; however, its effect on the fatty acid composition was significant (p < .05). The low incubation temperature favored the accumulation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), palmitic acid and stearic acid in the total lipids of RT2316‐7. Percentage of EPA, DHA and the omega‐6 fatty acid dihomo‐γ‐linolenic acid of total fatty acids of RT2316‐13 was higher at the low incubation temperature. RT2316‐13 accumulated the highest lipid content (30.0 ± 0.5%) with a carbon to nitrogen mass ratio equal to 16.9. On the contrary, lipid accumulation in RT2316‐7 occurred at high concentration of the nitrogen sources (monosodium glutamate or yeast extract). The capability to accumulate lipids with a fatty acid profile that can be tuned through cultivation temperature make the Antarctic thraustochytrid RT2316‐13 a candidate for the production of lipids with different uses.
Spatiotemporal Variation and Size-Selective Predation on Hatchery- and Wild-Born Juvenile Chum Salmon at Marine Entry by Nearshore Fishes in Southeast Alaska
Authors: Duncan Douglas H. , Beaudreau Anne H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. experience high mortality at marine entry, yet our quantitative understanding of predation during this critical period is limited. We evaluated spatial, temporal, and size-based patterns of predation on hatchery- and wild-born juvenile Chum Salmon O. keta by two abundant predators in Southeast Alaska estuaries: the Pacific Staghorn Sculpin Leptocottus armatus and Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma. For the predators we sampled, Chum Salmon comprised 4.5% of the diet by weight for Pacific Staghorn Sculpin (n =937) and 19.6% of the diet by weight for Dolly Varden (n =448), with 88% of the individual Chum Salmon consumed originating from hatcheries. Variation in occurrence of Chum Salmon in diets was driven by date, site, and local Chum Salmon density. The quantity of Chum Salmon consumed by Pacific Staghorn Sculpin varied with predator length, Chum Salmon density, and the proportion of hatchery fish present; however, date was the only important predictor for Dolly Varden. The mean length of Chum Salmon in the diets of both predators was significantly shorter than that of concurrent hatchery releases or seine catches, suggesting size-selective predation on smaller individuals. This pattern indicates that hatchery strategies of releasing larger individuals may reduce the initial vulnerability of hatchery salmon to estuarine predators.
Clinical exome sequencing identifies novel CREBBP variants in 18 Chinese Rubinstein–Taybi Syndrome kids with high frequency of polydactyly
Authors: Yu Sha , Wu Bingbing , Qian Yanyan , Zhang Ping , Lu Yulan , Dong Xinran , Wang Qing , Zhao Xuemei , Liu Renchao , Zhou Wenhao , Wang Huijun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundRubinstein–Taybi syndrome (RSTS) is a rare genetic disease characterized by broad thumbs and halluces, facial dysmorphisms, short stature, and intellectual disability. RSTS is mainly caused by de novo variants in epigenetics‐associated gene, CREBBP. To date, there is no cohort study of CREBBP variants in Chinese RSTS patients.MethodsIn this study, 18 kids who meet the main criteria of RSTS were recruited. Molecular diagnoses were analyzed by clinical exome sequencing (CES), and the medical records were reviewed retrospectively.ResultsNineteen novel CREBBP variants in 18 RSTS patients were identified, including two missense, four nonsense, five frameshift, one splicing variants, and seven intragenic deletions. A higher incidence (37%, 7/19) of intragenic deletions was detected. One patient who had two de novo missense variants c.[4112T > A, 4118C > A] in cis and one patient who had a de novo frameshift variant c.5837delC in homozygous state (90%) were found in this study. Compared with the previously reported populations, seven clinical features were different, including the higher incidence of polydactyly, syndactyly, microcephaly, and micrognathia, and the lower incidence of angulated thumbs, autistic behavior, and epilepsy. One patient with obesity in the first year was diagnosed with CREBBP gene exon 2 deletion, was initially suspected of Prader–Willi syndrome.ConclusionWe reported the genetic and clinical information of 18 RSTS patients from Chinese population with novel CREBBP variants. This study provides a new insight into RSTS and illustrates the value of applying CES which increases the diagnostic yields and enhances the clinical care of RSTS patients.
Effects of early trauma and corticotropin‐releasing factor receptor 1 gene polymorphism on adult visual spatial memory
Authors: Sun Fei‐Fei , Wang Ran , Li Na , Zhao Xiao‐Chuan , Wang Lan , Song Mei , Yu Lu‐Lu , Chen Ya‐Nan , An Cui‐Xia , Wang Xue‐Yi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe study sought to determine the effects of earthquake on the working memory of adults who experienced earthquake either as infants or fetuses and also investigates whether earthquake exposure and corticotropin‐releasing factor receptor 1 (CRHR1) variants rs242924 and rs7209436 interacted with each other in modulating working memory.MethodsWe enrolled subjects who experienced the Tangshan Earthquake as fetuses (group I) or infants (group II), as well as those who did not experience the earthquake (group III). Their working memory was measured using Brief Visuospatial Memory Test‐Revised (BVMT‐R) and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test‐Revised (HVLT‐R). Two single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CRHR1 rs242924 and rs7209436 were analyzed by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsThe study enrolled 535 subjects, including 172 subjects in group I, 176 subjects group II, and 187 subjects in group III. Both group I and II had significantly lower BVMT‐R scores than group III (p < .05). Moreover, no difference was observed in HVLT‐R scores among the three groups (p > .05). The allele frequency was 84.7% for AA, 82.8% for TT, 13.6% for AC, and 15.9% for TC. C gene carriers in group II (t = −4.231, p < .01) and group I (t = −3.201, p < .05) had significantly lower visual spatial memory scores than group III. Furthermore, AT gene carriers had significantly lower visual spatial memory scores than C gene carriers in group III (t = 2.215, p < .05). Moreover, there was significant interaction between earthquake exposure and CRHR1 genotype in their effects on visual spatial memory (F = 4.028, p < .05).ConclusionsOur cross‐sectional study has demonstrated that infant or fetus exposure to earthquake impairs visual spatial memory during adulthood and CRHR1 polymorphisms and earthquake exposure may interact with each other to accentuate this impairment.
A two‐dimensional beam tilted Fabry‐Perot antenna based on a phase gradient partially reflecting surface
Authors: Jia Yongtao , Liu Ying , Yang Xuerui , Yang Xu , Sun Lei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA Fabry‐Perot (F‐P) antenna based on a two‐dimensional (2D) phase gradient partially reflecting surface (PGPRS) is proposed and discussed. The proposed PGPRS consists of two metallic layers printed on opposite sides of a substrate. The main beam of the antenna can be controlled to realize a large 2D tilted angle by arranging the unit cells of the PGPRS reasonably. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and tested. The simulated and measured results show that the beam can be deflected to θ = 55°, φ = 225° within the operating frequency band ranging from 5.36 to 5.7 GHz.
Bandwidth‐switchable cellular CMOS RF receiver front‐end for intra‐band carrier aggregation
Authors: Han Junghwan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA bandwidth‐switchable cellular complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor radio frequency receiver front‐end design employing a current‐reusing technique is presented in a 65‐nm RF CMOS technology. The proposed single‐ended receiver front‐end can fully support both narrowband and wideband multiple‐channel RF signals for up to three intraband carrier aggregations with high performance and low direct current consumption. To achieve different bandwidth‐handling capability, a narrowband‐ and a wideband‐switchable low noise amplifier is provided to realize appropriate matching conditions and transconductance, while maintaining high performance in multiple component carrier (CC) modes. The design operates at frequency bands of 700‐2700 MHz with 1.2 V. The design achieves conversion gains of more than 40 and 46 dB and noise figures (NFs) of less than 4.9 and 3.5 dB in wideband and narrowband modes, respectively. NF degradation in multiple CC modes is less than 0.5 dB for both bandwidth conditions.
Balancing between extremes—Work in hospital‐at‐home
Authors: Vaartio‐Rajalin Heli , Ngoni Kasanga , Fagerström Lisbeth 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo describe HAH staff's perceptions about HAH care, including work structures, processes and outcomes.DesignCross‐sectional descriptive study of three HAH units in Finland.MethodsThree focus group interviews of interprofessional staff members (N = 24) were analysed through thematic content analysis (COREQ). In addition, an audit visit was conducted at Guy's and St Thomas' @home service, the United Kingdom.ResultsThe Finnish HAH staff perceived they were balancing between different extremes: the patient's and his/her near‐one's opinions and wishes, well‐being and integrity, the promotion of person‐centred care and own work safety, a deeper meaning for work and the need for further support. Both in Finland and the UK, patients were perceived to be satisfied with care and HAH was perceived to save hospital bed places.
Diabetes and female sexual health: an ongoing challenge
Authors: Barnard Katharine D , Naranjo Diana , Johnson Nicole , Norton Anna , Scibilia Renza , Reidy Claire , Tutton Sarah , Meeking Daryl 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFemale sexual health remains a much‐neglected area in diabetes clinical medicine; however, it is important for psychological and social well‐being as well as reproductive function. We aimed to explore the views of women regarding the impact of diabetes on sexual health beyond pregnancy and reproduction.We conducted an online survey distributed via social media platforms including Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn; the survey remained open for four weeks. Questions addressed a range of medical and psychological factors including body image, self‐esteem and confidence.A total of 258 participants, aged 18–73 years, completed the survey. Results show a significant deterioration over the past 20 years, with issues including negative impact on self‐esteem (68.6%) and relationships (61.6%), feeling less attractive (57.8%), feeling lonely/isolated (66.3%), worries about fertility (52.7%) and pregnancy (69.4%), and worry about diabetes being passed on to children (79.5%). Medical factors included vaginal infections (77.9%), dyspareunia (51.2%), and general orgasmic problems (57.4%). Almost half (49.2%) were unaware that these problems were more common in women with diabetes. Shorter duration of diabetes was negatively associated with self‐esteem (p<0.002), loneliness (p<0.001), and impact on relationships (p<0.017). Those without children and those aged under 35 years were more worried about fertility (p=0.000) and pregnancy (p=0.000).It was concluded that sexual health issues continue to pose challenges for women with diabetes in terms of medical and psychological challenges. The psychosocial aspects of diabetes and sexuality, including feeling unattractive both physically and emotionally are widely reported by participants, demonstrating the very damaging and distressing personal consequences. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons. Practical Diabetes 2019; 36(5): 165–169
Identification of Δ6‐unsaturated, monoenyl type I pheromone compounds from the cashew stem borer Anthistarcha binocularis (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Leal Soares Ariane M , B França Paulo H , Triana Merybeth F , dos Santos Jakeline M , S Dias‐Pini Nívia , F Goulart Henrique , Araújo‐Júnior João X , Goulart Santana Antônio E 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe cashew stem borer Anthistarcha binocularis (Meyrick) is a major pest in cashew orchards in Brazil. The damage caused by the larvae results in economic losses, and the available chemical control is not suitable because of the endophytic nature of A. binocularis. The identification of the A. binocularis sex pheromone could provide novel applications for the detection and monitoring of this species.RESULTSTwo compounds from female sex gland extracts elicited electrophysiological responses on male antennae. They were identified as dodec‐6‐en‐1‐ol and dodec‐6‐en‐1‐yl acetate by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. E/Z stereoisomers of both compounds were synthesized, and the electroantennograms for the synthetic compounds showed the strongest responses for the (E)‐stereoisomers of the alcohol and acetate. In a field trial, the E6‐12:OH/E6‐12:OAc mixture attracted male A. binocularis, whereas the Z6‐12:OH/Z6‐12:OAc mixture attracted no specimens.CONCLUSIONSThe bioactive compounds from the sex pheromone of A. binocularis have been identified as a mixture of two previously unidentified pheromone compounds: E6‐12:OH and E6‐12:OAc. The mixture of both compounds was attractive to males in preliminary field experiments, and this study is the first report of Δ6‐unsaturated monoenyl pheromone compounds in Lepidoptera. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of predator cues and pesticide resistance on the toxicity of a (bio)pesticide mixture
Authors: Delnat Vienna , Janssens Lizanne , Stoks Robby 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPopulations of target species are typically exposed to pesticide mixtures and natural stressors such as predator cues, and are increasingly developing resistance to single pesticides. Nevertheless, we have poor knowledge whether natural stressors and the presence of pesticide resistance shape mixture toxicity. We tested the single and combined effects of the pesticide chlorpyrifos and the biopesticide Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) on the survival of the Southern house mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus, Say) and whether these effects were magnified by synthetic predator cues of Notonecta water bugs and differed between a chlorpyrifos‐resistant (Ace‐1R) and non‐resistant (S‐Lab) strain.RESULTSSingle exposure to Bti caused mortality in both strains (S‐Lab ∼27%, Ace‐1R ∼41%) and single exposure to chlorpyrifos caused only mortality in the S‐Lab strain (∼33%), while predator cues did not induce mortality. The chlorpyrifos‐resistant strain was 1.5‐fold more sensitive to Bti, indicating a cost of resistance. The interaction types between chlorpyrifos and Bti (additive), between chlorpyrifos and predator cues (additive), and between Bti and predator cues (synergistic) were consistent in both strains. Despite predator cues making Bti approximately 8% more lethal, they did not change the additive interaction between Bti and chlorpyrifos in their mixture in either strain.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that the resistance against chlorpyrifos was not partly lifted when chlorpyrifos exposure was combined with Bti and predator cues. Identifying the interaction type within pesticide mixtures and how this depends on natural stressors is important to select control strategies that give a disadvantage to resistant individuals compared to non‐resistant individuals. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Dual closed‐loop tracking control for wheeled mobile robots via active disturbance rejection control and model predictive control
Authors: Yang Hongjiu , Guo Mingchao , Xia Yuanqing , Sun Zhongqi 
Published: October 2019

SummaryA dual closed‐loop tracking control is proposed for a wheeled mobile robot based on active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) and model predictive control (MPC). In the inner loop system, the ADRC scheme with an extended state observer (ESO) is proposed to estimate and compensate external disturbances. In the outer loop system, the MPC strategy is developed to generate a desired velocity for the inner loop dynamic system subject to a diamond‐shaped input constraint. Both effectiveness and stability analysis are given for the ESO and the dual closed‐loop system, respectively. Simulation results demonstrate the performances of the proposed control scheme.
Distributed fixed‐time attitude coordination control for multiple rigid spacecraft
Authors: Zou An‐Min , Fan Zhun 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the fixed‐time attitude coordination control for multiple rigid spacecraft under an undirected communication graph is investigated. By using the backstepping technique, the distributed fixed‐time observer, and the method of “adding a power integrator,” a distributed fixed‐time attitude coordination control law is designed for a group of spacecraft. The proposed control scheme is nonsingular and can guarantee a group of rigid spacecraft simultaneously tracking a common desired attitude within fixed time even when the time‐varying reference attitude is available only to a subset of the group members. Rigorous analysis is provided to show that the attitude consensus tracking errors can converge to the origin in finite time which is bounded by a fixed constant independent of initial conditions. Numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.