bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of fitness level and exercise intensity on pain and mood responses
Authors: Schmitt Angelika , Wallat Diana , Stangier Carolin , Martin Jason Anthony , Schlesinger‐Irsch Ulrike , Boecker Henning 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe phenomenon of exercise‐induced hypoalgesia and concomitant mood changes is well‐established. How exercise‐induced hypoalgesia and affective responses are shaped by the intensity of an acute exercise bout and individual fitness levels is as yet not well‐understood. This study investigates whether heat pain threshold (PTh), pain tolerance (PTol) and affective parameters are modulated by the intensity of an acute exercise bout and/or individuals’ fitness level. Stronger analgesic responses are hypothesized after high‐intensity exercise in physically fitter subjects, possibly in sync with concomitant mood changes.MethodsThirty‐three healthy men were recruited (sedentary: N = 17 or recreational: N = 14; mean age: 25.3 ± 4.4 years). After a fitness assessment on a cycle ergometer, subjects underwent three experimental conditions on separate days: high (20 min exercise 20% above lactate threshold), low (20 min exercise 20% below lactate threshold) and control (seated rest). Before and after each intervention Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, PTh and PTol (cold water emersion test) were assessed.ResultsResults indicate an increase of the Positive Affect Scale (high: 26.7 ± 9.0 vs. 32.9 ± 7.1, p < .001; low: 26.3 ± 7.2 vs. 32.0 ± 7.0, p < .001) and PTh (high: 45.1 ± 3.1°C vs. 46.0 ± 2.6°C, p = .003; low: 45.4 ± 2.7°C vs. 45.9 ± 2.6°C, p = .012) after both exercise conditions. In an exploratory analysis, PTol significantly increased only after the high exercise condition (51.2 ± 33.7 s vs. 72.4 ± 64.0 s, p = .045). Fitness level was positively correlated with the increase in PTol from pre to post high‐intensity exercise (r = .59, p (one‐tailed) = .002).ConclusionExercise‐induced hypoalgesia depends on exercise intensity and appears to be influenced by individual fitness status, independent of mood responses.SignificanceAntinociceptive effects can be elicited by physical exercise and have been extensively investigated in the literature. However, the relation between exercise intensity, fitness status, and the degree of antinociception is not well‐understood. This randomized intervention provides novel evidence that antinociceptive effects indeed depend on exercise intensity, but also on general fitness status. Data extend the existing literature by highlighting aspects of exercise behaviour that promote antinociception. Effects do not simply mirror positive affective responses induced by exercise, hence, indicating partially distinct underlying mechanisms.
Twin‐engined diagnosis of discrete‐event systems
Authors: Bertoglio Nicola , Lamperti Gianfranco , Zanella Marina , Zhao Xiangfu 
Published: November 2019

Diagnosis of discrete‐event systems (DESs) is computationally complex. This is why a variety of knowledge compilation techniques have been proposed, the most notable of them rely on a diagnoser. However, the construction of a diagnoser requires the generation of the whole system space, thereby making the approach impractical even for DESs of moderate size. To avoid total knowledge compilation while preserving efficiency, a twin‐engined diagnosis technique is proposed in this paper, which is inspired by the two operational modes of the human mind. If the symptom of the DES is part of the knowledge or experience of the diagnosis engine, then Engine 1 allows for efficient diagnosis. If, instead, the symptom is unknown, then Engine 2 comes into play, which is far less efficient than Engine 1. Still, the experience acquired by Engine 2 is then integrated into the symptom dictionary of the DES. This way, if the same diagnosis problem arises anew, then it will be solved by Engine 1 in linear time. The symptom dictionary can also be extended by specialized knowledge coming from scenarios, which are the most critical/probable behavioral patterns of the DES, which need to be diagnosed quickly.
Solvent temperature: An injection condition to bring multiple changes in the heavy oil exploitation process based on the cyclic solvent injection (CSI) recovery method
Authors: Zhang Kewei , Lu Xinqian , Zhou Xiang , Lu Hongfeng , Yang Lilong , Zeng Fanhua 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHeavy oil is a major fossil fuel resource to fulfill global growing fuel consumption. Hot solvent injection is an effective heavy oil production method. Hot solvent application feasibility has been previously compared between cyclic solvent injection (CSI) method and vapor solvent extraction (VAPEX) method where CSI method is advantageous in terms of oil recovery. However, previous studies have focused on the solvent temperature sensitivity analysis only in the VAPEX method. In this study, the solvent temperature study has been conducted discussing the multiple effects of temperature on both foamy oil and production performance in CSI method. A conventional CSI experiment (20°C) and two hot solvent‐based CSI experiments (55 and 70°C) are conducted. The results demonstrate that, although the oil recovery of three tests is close to each other, oil rate and foamy oil strength will increase with the solvent injection temperature during the high oil rate phase. However, at a high injection temperature level, the maintenance of foamy oil is difficult due to high‐temperature effect on foamy oil stability. Medium‐high temperature level (55°C) is considered optimal temperature regarding the solvent extraction efficiency based on the gross utilization factor data.
Daylight integrated indoor VLC architecture: An energy‐efficient solution
Authors: Chatterjee Sourish , Sabui Deblina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn an indoor space, visible light communication (VLC) can form a promising enhancement of future illumination infrastructures with communication functionalities. This illumination infrastructure consumes 20% of the total energy consumption in the world. In this perspective, daylight integration with indoor VLC system is a promising area of research to conserve a considerable amount of energy. This paper deals with the design and practical realization of an energy‐efficient indoor VLC system through daylight integration. Dimming control mechanism using continuous current reduction topology is adopted to design the transmitter section of the VLC system. Thrust has been given to accomplish the required communication performance in terms of the bit error rate and illumination performance in terms of average horizontal illuminance and short‐term flicker severity. Both the communication and illumination performances have been evaluated under five different daylight conditions. At maximum ambient daylight condition, 37.29% of total energy has been saved, while the bit error rate lies in the order of 10−10. Simultaneously, satisfactory illumination performance in accordance with international guidelines has been achieved.
Effect of insect tea on D‐galactose‐induced oxidation in mice and its mechanisms
Authors: Zhu Kai , Zeng Xiaofei , Tan Fang , Li Wenfeng , Li Chong , Song Yaru , Zhao Xin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInsect tea is a traditional Chinese drink that contains abundant bioactive substances. In this study, the preventive effect of Insect tea on D‐galactose‐induced oxidation in mice was studied. The serum, liver, and spleen of mice were measured by biochemical and molecular biological methods, which showed that Insect tea could increase the biochemical indexes of the thymus, brain, heart, liver, spleen, and kidney in mice with induced oxidative damage. Insect tea can increase the levels of SOD (superoxide dismutase), GSH‐Px (glutathione peroxidase), and GSH (glutathione) and decrease the levels of MDA (malondialdehyde) in the serum, liver, and spleen of mice with oxidative damage. Pathological observation also confirmed that Insect tea could inhibit oxidative damage of the liver and spleen tissue caused by D‐galactose in mice. Further molecular biological experiments also showed that Insect tea could upregulate the mRNA and protein expression of Cu/Zn‐SOD (cuprozinc‐superoxide dismutase), Mn‐SOD (manganese superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), HO‐1 (heme oxygenase‐1), Nrf2 (nuclear factor‐erythroid 2 related factor 2), γ‐GCS (γ‐glutamylcysteine synthetase), and NQO1 (NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1) in the liver and spleen of oxidized mice. Insect tea has a good preventive effect on D‐galactose‐induced oxidation in mice, and the effect is better than vitamin C, an antioxidant. Insect tea is rich in isochlorogenic acid A, quercetin, rutin, hesperidin, neochlorogenic acid, and cryptochlorogenic acid. The combination of these bioactive substances has good antioxidant effects. Thus, Insect tea is a functional food with a good antioxidant effect that has value for future development and utilization.
Mussel‐Inspired Adhesive Polydopamine‐Functionalized Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel with Potential Bacterial Inhibition
Authors: Yu Qi‐Hang , Zhang Chen‐Ming , Jiang Zhi‐Wei , Qin Si‐Yong , Zhang Ai‐Qing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHyaluronic acid (HA)‐based hydrogels have been receiving increasing attention for wound management. However, pure HA hydrogels usually exhibit weak mechanical strength and poor anti‐infection. Herein, a hybrid HA‐based hydrogel (PDA‐HA) comprised of polydopamine (PDA) and thiolated hyaluronic acid (HA‐SH) is developed based on the Michael addition reaction. The introduction of PDA into HA hydrogel can decrease the critical gel concentration, improve the cell affinity and tissue adhesion, as well as endow the hydrogel with efficient free‐radical scavenging ability. Combining the merits of good biocompatibility and moist environment from HA hydrogel with excellent tissue adhesiveness and free radical scavenging capability from PDA, this cross‐linked PDA‐HA hybrid hydrogel exhibits great potential for creating antimicrobial wound medical dressings.
The impact of sensory impairment on cognitive performance, quality of life, depression, and loneliness in older adults
Authors: Harithasan Deepashini , Mukari Siti Zamratol‐Mai Sarah , Ishak Wan Syafira , Shahar Suzana , Yeong Wong Lai 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sensory impairment (hearing loss only, vision loss only, and dual sensory impairment [DSI]) and depression, loneliness, quality of life, and cognitive performance in older adults.MethodsA total of 229 community‐dwelling older adults aged 60 years or older participated in this study. Variables were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS‐15), Revised University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (R‐UCLA), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE).ResultsThere was an independent association between DSI and quality of life (P < .05) and between DSI and hearing loss alone and cognitive function (P < .05) in older adults. In addition, higher education was associated with better quality of life and cognitive function.ConclusionsDSI is a significant factor affecting the quality of life and cognitive function in older adults. Sociodemographic factors such as education play an important role in improving quality of life and cognitive function. Thus, increasing the awareness of this disability is important to ensure that older adults receive the necessary support services and rehabilitation to improve their level of independence.
Management of unilateral head and neck carcinoma of unknown primary: Retrospective analysis of the impact of postoperative radiotherapy target volumes
Authors: Podeur Fabien , Pommier Pascal , Crozes Carole , Monchet Elodie , Ton Van Jean , Roux Pierre‐Eric , Poupart Marc , Zrounba Philippe , Julieron Morbize , Deneuve Sophie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundWe compared the outcome of postoperative unilateral cervical nodes radiotherapy (UL‐RT) vs bilateral cervical nodes plus total mucosal irradiation (COMP‐RT) in the management of head and neck carcinoma of unknown primary (HNCUP).MethodsHNCUP, defined by the absence of primary despite a PET‐CT combined with a panendoscopy, were treated with curative intent by initial ipsilateral neck dissection. Sixty‐nine patients with unilateral HNCUP were included: 23 received UL‐RT while 46 received COMP‐RT. Carcinologic outcomes and long‐term quality of life (QOL) according to the QOL Questionnaire for Head and Neck 35 were assessed.ResultsWithin 6.3 years of median follow‐up, there was no significant difference in primary tumor emergence rate (P = .68), cervical node recurrence rate (P = .34), or overall survival (P = .33) between UL‐RT and COMP‐RT groups. A trend toward QOL improvement was observed in the UL‐RT group.ConclusionUL‐RT seems to provide similar outcomes as COMP‐RT in unilateral HNCUP management.
Grid coding, spatial representation, and navigation: Should we assume an isomorphism?
Authors: Ekstrom Arne D. , Harootonian Sevan K. , Huffman Derek J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGrid cells provide a compelling example of a link between cellular activity and an abstract and difficult to define concept like space. Accordingly, a representational perspective on grid coding argues that neural grid coding underlies a fundamentally spatial metric. Recently, some theoretical proposals have suggested extending such a framework to nonspatial cognition as well, such as category learning. Here, we provide a critique of the frequently employed assumption of an isomorphism between patterns of neural activity (e.g., grid cells), mental representation, and behavior (e.g., navigation). Specifically, we question the strict isomorphism between these three levels and suggest that human spatial navigation is perhaps best characterized by a wide variety of both metric and nonmetric strategies. We offer an alternative perspective on how grid coding might relate to human spatial navigation, arguing that grid coding is part of a much larger conglomeration of neural activity patterns that dynamically tune to accomplish specific behavioral outputs.
Sonographic appearance of a soft‐tissue gossypiboma in the forearm with pathologic correlation
Authors: Urigo Carlo , Moraux Antoine , Bianchi Stefano 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe describe the sonographic, radiologic, and histopathologic appearances of a soft tissue gossypiboma in the forearm of an 81‐year‐old woman with a history of a radial fracture treated with an internal fixation surgery.
Normal reference values of three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography‐derived right atrial volumes and volume‐based functional properties in healthy adults (Insights from the MAGYAR‐Healthy Study)
Authors: Nemes Attila , Kormányos Árpád , Domsik Péter , Kalapos Anita , Ambrus Nóra , Lengyel Csaba 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe right atrium (RA) roles include being a systolic reservoir, an early diastolic conduit, and a late‐diastolic booster pump. The present study aimed to assess normal reference values of three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (3DSTE)‐derived RA volumetric data and volume‐based functional properties in healthy adult subjects.MethodsWe included 260 healthy adult subjects in sinus rhythm with complete clinical and demographic dataset, but excluded 110 of them because of inferior image quality. The remaining population sample comprised 150 subjects (31.0 ± 11.6 years, 79 males). Complete two‐dimensional Doppler echocardiography and 3DSTE have been performed in all subjects.ResultsSystolic RA volumetric variables did not show changes over time, but after 50 years, a significant reduction could be demonstrated in RA stroke volume and emptying fraction. While early diastolic RA volume increased over time, RA stroke volume and emptying fraction decreased. While late‐diastolic RA volume increased over age decades, similar increase could be detected in RA stroke volume but a reduction occurred in older ages. Late‐diastolic RA emptying fraction showed an increasing (after the 40s)—decreasing (after the 50s) pattern.ConclusionsOur study provides normal reference values of 3DSTE‐derived RA volumes and volume‐based functional properties and their age‐ and gender dependency in healthy adult subjects.
Extracellular Vesicles Released From Articular Chondrocytes Play a Major Role in Cell–Cell Communication
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Shortt Claire , Zhang Fenglin , Bater Mariah Q. , Cowman Mary K. , Kirsch Thorsten 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this investigation was to determine the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs), released from articular chondrocytes in a physiological or pathological state, in cell–cell communication with other articular chondrocytes or chondrocyte precursor cells. The conditioned medium from interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β)‐treated human articular chondrocytes stimulated catabolic events and inhibited type II collagen expression in articular chondrocytes to a much greater degree than medium from IL‐1β‐treated chondrocytes after complete removal of EVs. The vehicle‐treated and IL‐1β‐treated human articular chondrocytes released EVs of similar size; however, the number of EVs released by IL‐1β‐treated chondrocytes was markedly higher than the number of EVs released from the vehicle‐treated cells. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that similar to medium from IL‐1β‐treated chondrocytes containing EVs, EVs isolated from medium of IL‐1β‐treated chondrocytes stimulated catabolic events in articular chondrocytes, whereas EVs isolated from the medium of vehicle‐treated chondrocytes inhibited catabolic events and increased messenger RNA levels of aggrecan and type II collagen in IL‐1β‐treated chondrocytes. Furthermore, the medium containing EVs from vehicle‐treated articular chondrocytes or EVs isolated from this medium stimulated chondrogenesis of C3H10T1/2 cells, whereas medium containing EVs from IL‐1β‐treated chondrocytes or EVs isolated from this medium inhibited chondrogenesis. Our findings suggest that EVs released by articular chondrocytes play a key role in the communication between joint cells and ultimately in joint homeostasis, maintenance, pathology, and repair. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:731‐739, 2020
Raman spectra of a graphite–nontronite association in marbles from Oltrek Island (Lake Baikal, Russia)
Authors: Moroz T.N. , Edwards H.G.M. , Ponomarchuk V.A. , Pyryaev A.N. , Palchik N.A. , Goryainov S.V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe graphite in marbles from Oltrek, an uninhabited island on Lake Baikal, has been investigated by micro‐Raman spectroscopy using visible and near‐ultraviolet wavelength excitation. All graphite samples exhibit a sharp first‐order Raman band at about 1,580 cm−1 with a width from 10 to 19 cm−1, and sometimes a D1 band with very low intensity, which is occasionally absent. Using Raman spectra data it was estimated that the temperature of graphite formation in the Oltrek marbles is about 530–650°C and possibly even higher. This evaluation is in good agreement with the temperatures (about 700°C) determined by a graphite isotope geothermometer of the graphite–calcite pair. Scanning electron microscopy images have recorded a сonical graphite morphology on the surface of plate crystals of graphite. Raman spectra of samples with cones about 200–400 nm sizes showed that the graphite was associated with nontronite in the specimens studied. Natural nontronite, a clay mineral of the smectite group, has not been well characterized using Raman spectroscopy. Here, the Raman spectra of the Oltrek nontronite were compared with the spectrum of nontronite from the weathered crust of the Salair Ridge, Russia. The formation of hexagonal–pyramidal structures on the surface of graphite with the participation of clay and bio‐organic matter in marble is discussed.
Synthesis of Alkoxyacene‐Based Random Copolymers and Binary Solvent Additive for High Efficiency Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Shin Hee Jeong , Sun Chung , Cho Hye Won , Lee Bo Ram , Kim Jin Young , Kwon Soon‐Ki , Kim Yun‐Hi , Choi Hyosung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of three random copolymers—BD2FON‐OB30, BD2FON‐OB50, and BD2FON‐OB70—comprised of different molar ratios of alkoxyphenylene and alkoxynaphthalene is reported by adjusting the ratio of these units for optimized energy levels. When organic photovoltaics are fabricated using these polymers as the electron donor, introduction of the binary solvent additive dramatically enhances power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 7%, compared to those of the devices without additive (≈2% of PCEmax) and with single additive (≈3% of PCEmax). (without additive: 1–2% and with single additive: 0–3%). These improvements result from minimized bimolecular recombination and balanced electron/hole mobility ratio by optimized bicontinuous D:A morphology in the active layer. Thus, the strategy shows the efficient enhancement of device efficiency by control the morphology using binary solvent additives in the bulk heterojunction film consisting of polymer and fullerene.
CSF or Serum Neurofilament Light Added to α‐Synuclein Panel Discriminates Parkinson's From Controls
Authors: Oosterveld Linda P. , Verberk Inge M.W. , Majbour Nour K. , El‐Agnaf Omar M. , Weinstein Henry C. , Berendse Henk W. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , van de Berg Wilma D.J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundNeurofilament light chain is a marker of axonal damage and is of interest as a biofluid biomarker for PD. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CSF or serum neurofilament contributes to a combination of CSF biomarkers in defining the optimal biomarker panel for discriminating PD patients from healthy controls. In addition, we aimed to assess whether CSF and/or serum neurofilament levels are associated with clinical measures of disease severity.MethodsWe measured neurofilament light chain levels in CSF and/or serum of 139 PD patients and 52 age‐matched healthy controls. We used stepwise logistic regression analyses to test whether neurofilament contributes to a biomarker CSF panel including total, oligomeric, and phosphorylated α‐synuclein and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. Measures of disease severity included disease duration, UPDRS‐III, Hoehn & Yahr stage, and MMSE.ResultsAfter correcting for age, CSF neurofilament levels were 42% higher in PD patients compared with controls (P < 0.01), whereas serum neurofilament levels were 37% higher (P = 0.08). Combining CSF neurofilament, phosphorylated‐/total α‐synuclein, and oligomeric‐/total α‐synuclein yielded the best‐fitting model for discriminating PD patients from controls (area under the curve 0.92). The discriminatory potential of serum neurofilament in the CSF biomarker panel was similar (area under the curve 0.90). Higher serum neurofilament was associated with a lower MMSE score. There were no other associations between CSF and/or serum neurofilament levels and clinical disease severity.ConclusionsCSF neurofilament contributes to a panel of CSF α‐synuclein species in differentiating PD patients from healthy controls. Serum neurofilament may have added value to a biofluid biomarker panel for differentiating PD patients from controls. © 2019 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.