bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEJARAH MASUK DAN BERKEMBANGNYA AGAMA ISLAM DI LOGHIYA MUNA ABAD XVI-XVII
Authors: Erniati Erniati , Sitti Hermina Evang Asmawati, 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to describe the history of the entry and development of Islam in Loghiya in the XVI-XVII centuries. The method used in this study was the historical method proposed by Kuntowijoyo which consisted of five stages, namely: (1) Topic selection (2) Source heuristics (3) Source verification (4) Source interpretation and (5) Historiography. The results showed that: (1) The initial entry of Islam in Loghiya was brought by Sheikh Abdul Wahid in 1527 AD when the people still adhered to animism and dynamism. Islamic symbols were then continued by Firus Muhammad in 1614 AD who taught about fasting Ramadan. Furthermore, the spread of Islam by the Shari'a was carried out by Syarif Muhammad in 1643 AD (2) Pathways used in the spread of Islam in Loghiya through: (a) Trade routes, (b) Arts routes, and (c) Paths of Sufism. (3) The development of Islam in Loghiya could be seen through three periods namely: (a). Period of Sheikh Abdul Wahid in 1527 AD, (b) Period of Firus Muhammad in 1614 AD, (c) Period of Islamization carried out by Syarif Muhammad / Said Raba in 1643 AD
Keyword: History, Dissemination, Development, Islam and Loghiya
Baseline Characteristics and Patient-Reported Outcomes of ADPKD Patients in the Multicenter TAME-PKD Clinical Trial
Authors: Seliger Stephen L. , Watnick Terry , Althouse Andrew D. , Perrone Ronald D. , Abebe Kaleab Z. , Hallows Kenneth R. , Miskulin Dana C. , Bae Kyongtae T. 
Published: September 2020

Background
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has been associated with metabolic disturbances characterized by downregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a critical sensor of the cellular energy status. Therapeutic activation of AMPK by metformin could inhibit cyst enlargement by inhibition of both the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway and fluid secretion via the CFTR chloride channel.

Methods
We designed a phase-2, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial to assess the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of metformin on total kidney volume in adults without diabetes (age 18–60 years) with ADPKD and eGFR of ≥50 ml/min per 1.73 m2. There were no eligibility criteria relating to kidney volume. In addition to demographics and clinical/family history, baseline parameters included eGFR, total kidney and liver volumes measured by MRI, and patient-reported outcomes were ascertained by the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36, the Gastrointestinal Safety Rating Scale, and the HALT-PKD pain questionnaire.

Results
We successfully randomized 97 participants recruited from two university-based clinical sites in Baltimore and Boston. The mean age of participants was 41.9 years, 72% were female, and 94% of participants were White. The majority of study participants had early stage disease, with a mean eGFR of 86.8±19.0 ml/min per 1.73 m2. Approximately half of the study participants (48%) were classified as high risk for progression (Mayo imaging classes 1C, 1D, or 1E). There was no correlation between kidney and/or liver size and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) or gastrointestinal symptom severity.

Conclusions
We report successful recruitment in this ongoing, novel, clinical trial of metformin in ADPKD, with a study sample comprising patients with early stage disease and nearly a half of participants considered at high estimated risk for progression. Participants reported a low gastrointestinal symptom burden at baseline, and HRQoL similar to that of the general population, with no differences in symptoms or HRQoL related to organomegaly.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number
Metformin as a Novel Therapy for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (TAME), NCT02656017
IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA ANTOSIANIN DAN METABOLIT SEKUNDER DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BERAS KETAN HITAM (Oryza sativa L.) DALAM PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PENGOBATAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Adrianta Ketut Agus 
Published: September 2020

Salah satu bahan alami yang dapat digunakan sebagai obat adalah beras ketan hitam yang diduga mengandung senyawa antosianin, hal ini terlihat dari warna ungu pekat yang diperlihatkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya senyawa antosianin, jenis antosianin apa yang terkandung dalam beras ketan hitam Beras ketan hitam diekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol 80% yang diasamkan dengan asam sitrat 3%. Identifikasi senyawa metabolit sekunder dilakukan dengan metode skrining fitokimia, sedangkan identifikasi senyawa antosianin dilakukan dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis menggunakan eluen Forestal (HCL pekat-asam asetat-air) dengan perbandingan 3:30:10 dan BAA (n-butanol-asam asetat-air) dengan perbandingan 4:1:5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan melalui uji skrining fitokimia diperoleh hasil bahwa beras ketan hitam positif mengandung metabolit sekunder alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin dan triterpenoid. Dari hasil kromatografi lapis tipis analitik, ekstrak beras ketan hitam mengandung senyawa antosianin. Pada eluen Forestal tidak menghasilkan noda yang jelas dan eluen korosif terhadap plat KLT sedangkan pada eluen BAA menghasilkan noda berwarna merah lembayung dengan nilai Rf sebesar 0,467. Berdasarkan nilai Rf yang didapat, disimpulkan bahwa beras ketan hitam positif mengandung antosianin dengan jenis pelargonidin 3-glukosida.
Spirit Pengelolaan Ojek Online terhadap Pengembangan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Tang Muhammad , Rahim Abdul , Baso Baso 
Published: September 2020

Pengembangan lembaga Pendidikan Islam sangat urgen untuk dilakukan sekarang ini, karena masih tertinggal dibandingkan dengan lembaga pendidikan umum lainnya. Lembaga Pendidikan Islam harus berbenah diri untuk merespon perkembangan zaman digital yang dikenal dengan era revolusi industri 4.0. Tulisan ini hadir untuk menggali, menafsirkan dan mendeskripsikan spirit atau nilai yang terkandung dalam ojek on-line (OJOL) untuk dijadikan landasan pengembangan lembaga Pendidikan Islam dalam era revolusi industri 4.0. Kemajuan alat informasi dan komunikasi yang teraplikasi dalam ojek on-line merupakan suatu kajian yang menarik untuk ditarik dalam dunia pendidikan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif-deskreptif dengan berbasis kepada digital on-line research (media sosial). Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa spirit yang terkandung dalam Ojek On-Line yang dapat dijadikan sebagai landasan pengembangan lembaga pendidikan islam di antaranya, yaitu; (1) akses mudah dan terjangkau secara ekonomi, (2) pelayanan yang prima, (3) komponen sistem informasi yang lengkap, (4) membangun sistem jaringan (net working) yang luas, (5) memiliki banyak menu layanan/pilihan.
The Negative Effects of Smart Phones on the Jordanian Children from the Perspective of Parents
Authors: Zainelabdin Fatima Abdelhadi 
Published: September 2020

The study entitled "The Negative Effects of Smart Phones on the Jordanian Children from the Perspective of Parents" seeks to answer the following general question: What is the impact of using a smartphone on the socialization of Jordanian children from the perspective of parents? The descriptive study aimed to know the impact of using the smartphone on the socialization of the child and the nature of the values and behaviors acquired by the child as a result of using the smartphone. The researcher relied on the tools of scientific observation without the participation or a questionnaire was distributed on a sample estimated (300) parents, using the intentional sample of parents, in Amman; the researcher has reached the following results: 66% of children always use a smartphone, 36% of children started their interest in the smartphone from 3 to 5 years, 52% of children take half an hour to an hour using a smartphone, 34% of children use a smartphone depending on the circumstances, 39.33% of the children had a poor concentration after using the smartphone, 53.33% adopt negative behaviors as a result of using their smartphone, 48.66% of children become interacting with others after using the smartphone, 56.66% of children have diseases after they used a smartphone, including autism. The study recommends: The need to activate the role of social institutions, especially the family through the protection of children from programs, videos and applications and awareness of the seriousness of what is provided in the smartphone, parents were keen to establish good social habits that contribute to the formation of the child's personality, as well as the development of an accurate and structured program for children on the hours and times of their use of the smartphone so as not to affect their school hours.
Aristóteles, Hobbes e Habermas
Authors: Ribeiro Felipe 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
O presente trabalho tem por objetivo comparar duas noções diferentes de política, correlatas a duas noções como que simétricas e opostas do que seja a natureza humana, a saber: o conceito aristotétlica de política, e o conceito hobbesiana da mesma. Enquanto a noção teleológica da política aristotélica, segundo a qual a parte é anterior ao todo, o conduzia a tese segundo a qual o homem é naturalmente político, a inflexão materialista-mecanicista da filosofia hobbesiana acabaria por inverter esse quadro: o indivíduo, entendido como conjunto de relações mecânicas torna-se o centro da análise filosófica, e a política passa a ser uma convenção criada pacificar o estado de guerra de todos contra todos. Como interpretar essa transformação do sentido da política? Recorremos a um argumento de Habermas, segundo o qual o conceito hobbesiana de política corresponde ao aparecimento do mercado capitalista, que reifica as relações humanas e subordina a política à busca pelas satisfações materiais individuais. Nesse sentido, mais do que mera opção metodológica, a filosofia de Hobbes ganha o interesse para um diagnóstico de época, de como a política passa a operar com a generalização das relações de mercado.

Abstract
The objective of the present work is to compare two different notions of politics correlated to two oppositive notions of what the human nature is: the aristotelian conception of politics, and the hobbesian one. While Aritotle’s theleological notion of politics, that conceives the whole as prior to the parts, made him defend the theses according to which man is by nature a political being, the materialist turn took by hobbesian philosophy would invert this previous scene: the individual, understoond as a compound of mechanical relations, becomes the center of the analisys, and politics becomes a convetion created to pacify the state of war of all against all. What could one say about this transformation of the very notion of politics? We will resort at this point to an argument put foward by Habermas, according to which the hobbesian notion of politics corresponds to the rise of the capitalist market that reifies human relations and subjects politics to the search for invidual material satisfactions. Thus, more than a mere methodological alternative, Hobbes’s political philosophy reveals itself as an epoch diagnosis about the transformation of politics due to the generalization of market relations.
Arábia Saudita e Irã: rivalidade e disputa pela hegemonia no Golfo Pérsico
Authors: Pidone Costa Beatriz 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
O sectarismo religioso, considerado como um dos principais motivos que levaram à disputa entre Arábia Saudita e Irã, é utilizado como instrumento político por esses Estados em prol de seus interesses. As relações entre ambos tiveram um início cooperativo, porém, após a Revolução Iraniana de 1979, passaram apenas a se deteriorar. O embate entre os países islâmicos se acirrou, impulsionado pelas intervenções americanas na região; pela Primavera Árabe; e pela crise de legitimidade dos governos islâmicos. Atualmente, sem perspectivas de reatamento, as relações diplomáticas entre os países encontram-se rompidas. Enquanto o Irã vem ganhando espaço e influência, apesar de sérios problemas internos; a Arábia Saudita, mesmo com força regional e novas estratégias para sua política externa e interna, se vê prejudicada e enfraquecida.
Palavras-chave: Arábia Saudita; Irã; Golfo Pérsico; rivalidade; hegemonia.

Abstract
Religious sectarianism, considered one of the main reasons that led to the dispute between Saudi Arabia and Iran, is used as a political instrument by these states for their interests. The relations between them had a cooperative beginning, but after the Iranian Revolution in 1979, they only deteriorated. The clash between Islamist countries has stirred up, boosted by US interventions in the region; by the Arab Spring; and by the legitimacy crisis of Islamic governments. Currently, with no prospect of reattachment, the diplomatic ties of both countries remain severed. While Iran has been gaining space and influence, despite serious internal problems; Saudi Arabia, even with regional strength and new strategies for its foreign and domestic policy, feels undermined and weakened.
Keywords: Saudi Arabia; Iran; Persian Gulf; rivalry; hegemony.
Estudo de campo do Restaurante Universitário
Authors: Cruz Wagner Asao 
Published: September 2020

O trabalho aqui realizado, durante a matéria de Práticas de Ciências e Humanidades, busca analisar as interações sociais que se desenvolvem dentro do campo do Restaurante Universitário da Universidade Federal do ABC. A partir das anotações feitas em caderno, sobre os horários, datas, frequência e entrevistas, relacionadas à alimentação no local e a análise sobre comportamento através do material bibliográfico foi possível buscar entender sob de qual forma ocorre a ocupação do espaço delimitado aqui neste estudo.
A forma como a origem dos indivíduos de várias realidades diferentes influencia nas dinâmicas que são desenvolvidas dentro do território é uma rica fonte de informações para para nos ajudar a entender a realidade de um local tão comum e simples a princípio, mas que carrega várias possíveis interpretações.
Comunidade Andina de Nações e Aliança do Pacífico
Authors: Campos Gal Paulo Henrique 
Published: September 2020

Os diferentes modelos de integração regional na América Latina são, historicamente, processos que se sobrepõem e contrapõem mutuamente, compartilhando características ao mesmo tempo que disputam com veemência sua visão de futuro para uma região que está longe de poder se considerar como integrada. Os latino-americanos viram, ao longo das décadas, projetos de integração ascenderem e sucumbirem pelos mais diversos motivos, seja pela alternância de perfil dos governos negociadores, seja pelo contexto internacional, entre outros. É nesse contexto incerto e irregular que a Comunidade Andina de Nações e a Aliança do Pacífico, blocos que pertencem a diferentes eixos de integração, disputam pela preponderância na sub-região andina, cujos países, apesar de compartilharem muitas semelhanças históricas e culturais, no tocante à integração, se encontram em profunda discórdia.
The different models of regional integration in Latin America are, historically, processes that overlap and contrast each other, sharing characteristics while vehemently dispute their vision of future for a region that is far from being labelled as integrated. Over the decades, Latin Americans have seen projects of integration rise and fall for the most diverse reasons, either by the alternating profile of the negotiating governments, or by the international context, among others. It is in this uncertain and irregular context that the Andean Community of Nations and the Pacific Alliance (blocks that belong to different integration axes) race for the preponderance in the Andean sub-region, whose countries, despite sharing many historical and cultural similarities, are in deep disagreement when it comes to integration.
Lei de cultivares
Authors: Fidelis Chrispiano Giovanna , Machiavelli de Lima Ligia 
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os mecanismos legais e institucionais que relacionam a Rede Nacional de Sementes do Xingu, uma rede de desenvolvimento comunitário formada por agricultores familiares, produtores rurais, comunidades indígenas, pesquisadores, organizações governamentais e não governamentais, prefeituras, movimentos sociais, escolas e entidades da sociedade civil, e a legislação que regulamenta as novas variedades de plantas (cultivares) no Brasil (Lei n. 9.456/1997), a fim de avaliar sua relação com o mecanismo da repartição de benefícios com as populações tradicionais – previsto na Convenção da Diversidade Biológica desenvolvida em 1992. O artigo também confere destaque à Embrapa, pois, como uma das principais detentoras de registros de cultivares, exerce um importante papel como parceira da Rede.
A New Candidate Luminous Blue Variable
Authors: Figer Donald F. , Najarro Francisco , Messineo Maria , Clark J. Simon , Menten Karl M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We identify IRAS 16115−5044, which was previously classified as a protoplanetary nebula (PPN), as a candidate luminous blue variable (LBV). The star has high luminosity (≳105.75
L
⊙), ensuring supergiant status, has a temperature similar to LBVs, is photometrically and spectroscopically variable, and is surrounded by warm dust. Its near-infrared spectrum shows the presence of several lines of H i, He i, Fe ii, Fe [ii], Mg ii, and Na i with shapes ranging from pure absorption and P Cygni profiles to full emission. These characteristics are often observed together in the relatively rare LBV class of stars, of which only ≈20 are known in the Galaxy. The key to the new classification is the fact that we compute a new distance and extinction that yield a luminosity significantly in excess of those for post-AGB PPNe, for which the initial masses are <8 M
⊙. Assuming single star evolution, we estimate an initial mass of ≈40 M
⊙.
L’urbanisme, affaire de tous ? Euralille au tournant des années 1990, entre critique élitaire et populaire
Authors: Didelon Valéry 
Published: September 2020

Si les opérations d’urbanisme ont longtemps été en France l’affaire des politiques et de l’élite professionnelle, à partir du milieu des années 1980 elles se sont peu à peu démocratisées. Cet article examine la manière dont le projet d’Euralille mis en œuvre entre 1988 et 1995 a ainsi fait l’objet d’un vif débat public dans lequel est intervenue une grande diversité de protagonistes. Il montre notamment de quelle façon la critique élitaire a été précédée par une critique populaire qui, d’où qu’elle vienne, a eu pour objectif de peser effectivement sur le cours du projet ; l’une et l’autre ayant par ailleurs contribué in fine à le légitimer.
Le père, le fils, esprits de l’architecture moderne – Le Fonds Puttemans aux Archives et Bibliothèque d’architecture de l’U.L.B.
Authors: Lund Irene , Collette Sophie 
Published: September 2020

Robert Puttemans (1902–1978) et son fils Pierre Puttemans (1933–2013), font partie des principaux architectes belges du xx e siècle. En 2013 leurs archives ont été données par leur famille à l’Université libre de Bruxelles où elles sont conservées aux Archives et Bibliothèque d’Architecture. Après plusieurs années de classement et d’inventaire en raison de son ampleur ; le fonds est depuis une année accessible à la recherche. Cet article offre un aperçu du contenu du fonds Puttemans. Il établit un parallèle entre les carrières respectives de Robert et de Pierre Puttemans en les confrontant aux quatre thématiques suivantes : sphère privée, formation, pratiques d’architectes et engagements. Il jette un nouveau regard sur leurs parcours individuels, ainsi que sur leurs relations et objectifs communs. L’article est illustré avec une sélection de documents inédits à ce jour, d’une part afin de révéler certains aspects moins connus de ces deux personnalités, d’autre part pour donner un aperçu de la diversité et de la richesse du contenu du fonds.
Tyrannie de la mobilité infantile
Authors: Fleury Emmanuel 
Published: September 2020

La question de la « mobilité » de l’enfant est complexe et l’ambiguïté de ce mot, « mobile », est particulièrement frappante. À la fois mouvement et cause… Concernant le mouvement, nous évoquons l’agitation, l’hyperactivité ou l’excitation de l’enfant. Le symptôme est vite pris dans le discours de la maîtrise, traitement psychotrope à la clef ! Freud critique la question de la décharge de l’énergie. Lacan interroge le mouvement par son absence, l’immobilité, et par son excès. Il souligne la « structure particulière » de certains mouvements. Suivre ces indications nous permet de comprendre comment la pulsion exerce sa tyrannie.
Refus scolaire d’adolescents
Authors: Guiavarc’h Vonnick 
Published: September 2020

Un jour, un adolescent déclare qu’il « ne peut plus aller à l’école ». Une autre jeune fille s’enferme dans sa chambre ; bonne élève, au contraire « des décrocheurs », elle exige d’être inscrite à un cours par correspondance, obsédée par sa performance scolaire. Refus ou phobie scolaire, hikikomori au Japon, de nombreux termes désignent ces symptômes. Nous interrogeons ces nouvelles formes d’empêchement à partir du cas clinique d’un adolescent et de la littérature analytique et psychiatrique. Qu’est-ce qui les déclenche ? Est-ce l’interpellation autoritaire par l’institution scolaire, le fait d’être appelé à une place d’élève qui sera jugé, évalué ? Nous nous efforçons de cerner la part du sujet dans son refus.
Les enfants terribles (1929) de Jean Cocteau. Élisabeth, la « vierge de fer »
Authors: Yvan Frédéric 
Published: September 2020

Le roman de Jean Cocteau Les Enfants terribles (1929) est le récit d’enfants seuls : Élisabeth, son frère Paul et leurs amis Gérard et Agathe, laissés à eux-mêmes et désorientés, réduisent le monde à leur chambre close et désordonnée qui opère comme la scène du théâtre de leurs jeux asociaux et du devenir tragique de leur histoire. Élisabeth, dont le surnom « vierge de fer » formule la cruauté, est le personnage central du drame : menteuse et manipulatrice, enfant-tyran, elle règne sur la chambre et ses habitants jusqu’à transformer l’existence de chacun en un véritable enfer. C’est à cette figure littéraire de l’enfant-tyran que nous nous intéresserons en cherchant à en élucider le sens et les enjeux à travers l’analyse de ses actes : insultes, vols, mensonges.
قراءة في مفهوم «المدينة الأميرية» في إفريقية من خلال نموذج رقادة
Authors: عمارة أسماء 
Published: September 2020

What is interesting for us in this work is to understand the true meaning of the princely city through the Raqqāda model. In this context, we have conducted research using various Orientalist and Arab studies. It is clear from these studies that these royal or princely cities are divided into two categories, or possibly even three.Raqqāda, is one of the two princely cities that were founded in Ifrīqiya during the Aghlabid dynasty. The other is the city of al-ʿAbbāsiyya. The importance of Raqqāda lies in the fact that it constitutes a transitional point and a passage from the palace-villa to the palace-city, and from the open princely city to the closed princely city. This is what we have seen by navigating between historical texts and archaeological data.Raqqāda was not destroyed by the Normans, but by the severe vandalism of the Banū Hilāl. Nevertheless, there are still some archaeological traces that reflect the princely and royal character of this city, and show that its architecture has mixed the ancient heritage with the oriental influences.