bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in Powder-based Technologies for Production of High-Performance Sputtering Targets
Authors: Mwema F. M. , Akinlabi E. T. , Oladijo O. P. , Baruwa A. D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The sputtering method has been extensively adopted for the production of high-performance thin films and coatings. This can be attributed to its versatility and flexibility, which allows easier tailoring of the properties and characteristics of the sputtered films and coatings for the desired application and performance. Contrary to thermal spray and chemical techniques, sputtering can be performed at room temperature for a wide range of targets, thus overcoming the challenges, such as residual stresses and degradation of the substrates, associated with high-temperature processes. The most important aspect of the sputtering is the target from which the thin film material is derived. The quality of the target determines the properties and performance of the resulting film and coating. Published data reveal that the quality of the targets depends mainly on the method of production. Although different manufacturing techniques have been used to produce these targets, consolidation of powders has been shown to provide outstanding results. The production of these targets through powder metallurgy depends on the compaction or sintering methods and associated processing parameters. With the increasing demand for high-performance thin films and coatings, such as high-entropy alloy films, the quality of the targets used for sputtering is crucial for application in various fields that include medical, electronics, and energy. In this article, progress on the powder metallurgy on the manufacturing of sputtering targets is detailed. Advances in various powder technologies, process parameters, and conditions, and their interrelationships with properties and performance of targets and sputtered thin films will be discussed, synthesized, and general/specific trends will be derived. This article will serve as a resource for metallurgists in the optimization and development of advanced targets for industry 4.0.
LA LEYENDA GUANACASTECA “LA MONA”: ESTRATEGIA DIDÁCTICA PARA EL DESARROLLO DEL PENSAMIENTO CRÍTICO Y LA COMPETENCIA CULTURAL DESDE EL AULA UNIVERSITARIA
Authors: Cubero Vásquez Karol , Villanueva Monge Lucía 
Published: May 2020

Los tiempos dinámicos en que vivimos nos obligan, constantemente, a adoptar nuevas maneras de emprender acciones. Nuestra tarea formativa no es la excepción. Esta dinámica social nos presenta un reto permanente como docentes en la búsqueda de nuevas formas de aprender en el aula universitaria. Los estudiantes demandan cambios continuos en mediación pedagógica que les permita ser partícipes de un aprendizaje duradero y disfrutable. Con la utilización de las leyendas costarricenses y más específicamente, con la leyenda guanacasteca de “La Mona” en el aula universitaria, se promueve un aprendizaje entretenido y cautivante por el relato mismo que caracteriza al género literario de las leyendas. Este hecho introduce y motiva a los educandos a experimentar un proceso que estimula su capacidad crítica, su creatividad, su expresión oral y escrita, al mismo tiempo que incentiva su acervo cultural, valorando e identificándose con sus propias raíces. Con el desarrollo de actividades didácticas basadas en leyendas costarricenses como la leyenda guanacasteca de “La Mona” aquí propuestas, se logra concretar una premisa primordial: la necesidad latente de formar ciudadanos críticos, competitivos, solidarios, tolerantes, empáticos, amantes de su cultura, resultando un individuo integral y responsable de preservar su propia cultura.
Vigilância em saúde da COVID-19 no Brasil: busca de contatos nas comunidades como estratégia de autoproteção.
Authors: Sales Carolina Maia Martins , Silva Adriana Ilha da , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia 
Published: May 2020

OBJETIVO: Mapear as redes de interação social do indivíduo-indivíduo e indivíduo-espaço com COVID-19, entendendo alguns dos determinantes sociais da saúde (DSS). MÉTODOS: Fluxograma de vigilância territorial da COVID-19, abordando a busca de síndrome gripal, através da identificação das relações sociais do indivíduo e dos DSS. RESULTADOS: Duas estratégias podem ser evidenciadas: de cunho individual, em que cada contato é identificado e encaminhado para uma investigação clínica; e, uma estratégia coletiva, de educação em saúde, na qual serão informados sinais e sintomas e orientados os cuidados em saúde, para identificação da necessidade de cada agregado familiar. CONCLUSÃO: Consideramos que essas ações podem ser um grande avanço na vigilância em saúde da COVID-19, uma vez que essa abordagem considera a transmissão na comunidade e em seus espaços sociais com a busca dos contatos, orientação adequada e educação em saúde trará benefícios para as pessoas afetas e a comunidade em geral.
A Phase II Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled and Multicenter Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety of 0.005% Estriol Vaginal Gel in Hormone Receptor-Positive Postmenopausal Women with Early Stage Breast Cancer in Treatment with Aromatase Inhibitor in the Adjuvant Setting
Authors: Sánchez-Rovira Pedro , Hirschberg Angelica Lindén , Gil-Gil Miguel , Bermejo-De Las Heras Begoña , Nieto-Magro Concepción 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Lessons Learned
The levels of circulating follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estriol, estradiol, and estrone remained unchanged after a 12-week treatment with 0.005% estriol vaginal gel in postmenopausal women receiving nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors for hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer. These results support the safety of 0.005% estriol vaginal gel for the treatment of bothering symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy in breast cancer survivors. The results provide clinicians with confidence in the use of this product in women who do not experience symptom relief with nonhormonal remedies.

Background
Symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy associated with treatment with nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitors (NSAIs) negatively impact patients’ quality of life and may affect adherence to NSAIs. Vaginal estrogens effectively improve these symptoms, although their safe use in breast cancer survivors remains unclear.

Methods
Postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer receiving NSAI and moderate-to-severe vaginal dryness were randomized to 0.005% estriol vaginal gel or placebo for 12 weeks. Circulating estrogens, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), were analyzed at baseline and at weeks 1, 3, 8, and 12. The primary safety outcome was the variation in serum FSH from baseline to week 12.

Results
Sixty-one women (mean age, 59 years) enrolled in the study. Small oscillations were observed in FSH and LH, although they were always maintained within the postmenopausal range. No significant differences were found in the variation of FSH and LH between baseline and week 12 from the physiological variation observed before treatment. Women receiving 0.005% estriol vaginal gel had slightly increased estriol levels at weeks 1 and 3, with a subsequent reduction until normalizing at week 12; estradiol and estrone remained the below limit-of-quantitation in almost all samples.

Conclusion
Ultralow-dose 0.005% estriol vaginal gel did not significantly influence estrogens, FSH, and LH levels in women with breast cancer receiving NSAI. A transient negligible absorption of estriol and a nonsignificant variation of FSH after 12 weeks were observed. These findings provide confidence for the safe use of 0.005% estriol vaginal gel in women with breast cancer with an indication for treatment with vaginal estrogens.
Extracting Long-Period Surface Waves and Free Oscillations Using Ambient Noise Recorded by Global Distributed Superconducting Gravimeters
Authors: Li Hang , Xu Jianqiao , Chen Xiaodong , Sun Heping , Zhang Miaomiao , Zhang Lingyun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInversion of internal structure of the Earth using surface waves and free oscillations is a hot topic in seismological research nowadays. With the ambient noise data on seismically quiet days sourced from the gravity tidal observations of seven global distributed superconducting gravimeters (SGs) and the seismic observations for validation from three collocated STS-1 seismometers, long-period surface waves and background free oscillations are successfully extracted by the phase autocorrelation (PAC) method, respectively. Group-velocity dispersion curves at the frequency band of 2–7.5 mHz are extracted and compared with the theoretical values calculated with the preliminary reference Earth model. The comparison shows that the best observed values differ about ±2% from the corresponding theoretical results, and the extracted group velocities of the best SG are consistent with the result of the collocated STS-1 seismometer. The results indicate that reliable group-velocity dispersion curves can be measured with the ambient noise data from SGs. Furthermore, the fundamental frequency spherical free oscillations of 2–7 mHz are also clearly extracted using the same ambient noise data. The results in this study show that the SG, besides the seismometer, is proved to be another kind of instrument that can be used to observe long-period surface waves and free oscillations on seismically quiet days with a high degree of precision using the PAC method. It is worth mentioning that the PAC method is first and successfully introduced to analyze SG observations in our study.
Toward Global Earthquake Early Warning with the MyShake Smartphone Seismic Network, Part 2: Understanding MyShake Performance around the World
Authors: Kong Qingkai , Martin-Short Robert , Allen Richard M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The MyShake project aims to build a global smartphone seismic network to facilitate large-scale earthquake early warning (EEW) and other applications by leveraging the power of crowdsourcing. The MyShake mobile application first detects earthquake shaking on a single phone. The earthquake is then confirmed on the MyShake servers using a “network detection” algorithm that is activated by multiple single-phone detections. In part two of this two-article series, we report the first-order performance of MyShake’s EEW capability in various selected locations around the world. Because of the present sparseness of the MyShake network in most parts of the world, we use our simulation platform to understand and evaluate the system’s performance in various tectonic settings. We assume that 0.1% of the population in each region has the MyShake mobile application installed on their smartphone and use historical earthquakes from the last 20 yr to simulate triggering scenarios with different network configurations in various regions. Then, we run the detection algorithm with these simulated triggers to understand the performance of the system. The system performs best in regions featuring high population densities and onshore, upper crustal earthquakes M&lt;7.0. In these cases, alerts can be generated ∼4–6  s after the origin time, magnitude errors are within ∼0.5 magnitude units, and epicenters are typically within 10 km of true locations. When the events are offshore or in sparsely populated regions, the alerts are slower and the uncertainties in magnitude and location increase. Furthermore, even with 0.01% of the population as the MyShake users, in regions of high population density, the system still performs well for earthquakes larger than M 5.5. The details of the simulation platform and the network detection algorithm are available in part 1 of this two-article series.
THE INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL TRUST ON PARTICIPATION OF PEOPLE IN POLITICS IN JAHROM CITY, IRAN
Authors: Gerami Masoud , Rasekh Keramatollah , Karimi Majidreza 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to examine the implications of political and social trust for the political participation of people in Jahrom City, Iran. And also, this study tries to assess the effect of social media on people's trust, which can affect their political participation in the society of Iran.
Methodology: The researcher-made questionnaire was used by experts to determine its validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to evaluate its reliability for all variables. Regression coefficient, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The sample size was calculated by the Cochran formula, and 383 individuals were selected by using simple random multi-stage cluster sampling.
Main Findings: The regression results indicate that the generalized social and political trust could determine 9% and 11%, respectively of changes independent variable, which was the political participation of citizens in Jahrom City. The theoretical foundations of the research are based on the theories of Robert Putnam, Gabriel Mandel, Francis Fukuyama, Nicholas Luhmann, Jürgen Habermas, Martin Lipset, and Robert Dose.
Applications of this study: The present study is an applied study in terms of purpose, a practical-field study in terms of data collection, a large-scale study in terms of scale, and a short-term cross-sectional study in terms of time. The statistical population of this research comprises the holders of voting rights, those aged 18 years or more living in Jahrom city.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The contextual factors such as gender, marital status, income, job, and social class did not show a significant relationship with political participation, which may be due to the homogeneity of political behavior in cities due to the lack of individual characteristics and, consequently, the weakness of individualism in smaller social settings.
The influence of employment modes on employee turnover and agri-business performance: a case for Hunyani farm in the Zvimba district, Zimbabwe
Authors: Svotwa Kudakwashe , Svotwa Ezekia , Rugube Thandiwe 
Published: May 2020

The labour intensive nature of Zimbabwean agriculture demands that farmers meet excessive labour requirements, at the same time keeping labour costs as low as possible to guarantee profits and achieve maximum business performance. This study, carried through a questionnaire survey, at the Hunyani Matura Farm, in the Zvimba district of Zimbabwe between from October 2017 to March 2018, investigated the effect of employment mode on turnover and agri-business performance. Data collected from the participants, was compared with the information from secondary source documents. From the results temporary workers performed better than permanent workers and they cited problems of low wages, poor working conditions, high work targets, inequality in work allocation, job insecurity and constant shuffling. Temporary workers had higher turnover and turnover intentions than permanent workers. Temporary employment mode had a positiveeffect on agri-business performance. This study recommends the use of permanent employment mode on key positions like forepersons, stores persons and supervisors, and temporary employment mode on general farm tasks, while seasonal contracts were seen good for skill demanding operations such as tobacco seedbed establishment, tobacco reaping and curing and grading. A ccareful selection of employment modes reduces inequalities and unhealthy attitudes at work and improves on farm business performance.
JEL Classification: Q12
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RECEPTION-ORIENTED CAM WITH WORKSHEETS TO IMPROVE GRADE 10 STUDENTS’ CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND FUNCTIONS IN A CHRISTIAN SCHOOL
Authors: Astuti Dea Dri , Hidayat Dylmoon 
Published: May 2020

<p>Based on observations and summative test results, the researcher identified that students' difficulties in learning quadratic equations and functions was conceptual understanding. Conceptual understanding enables students to analyze, integrate, and apply a concept in different situations. The purpose of the research was to see if the implementation of the Reception-Oriented CAM with worksheets improved students’ conceptual understanding and to find an effective way to implement the method. The researcher used a two-cycle Classroom Action Research of Pelton’s with seven grade 10 female students at a Christian school in Tangerang as the research subjects. Data was collected by test sheets, observation sheets, feedback sheets, and documentation. The result showed that the Reception-Oriented CAM with worksheets could improve students’ conceptual understanding in learning quadratic equations and functions. Another result showed that an effective way to implement Reception-Oriented CAM with worksheets was through implementing all the phases of the method thoroughly by giving more time in phase three and giving detailed instruction to the students. </p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT:</strong> Berdasarkan pengamatan dan hasil tes sumatif, peneliti mengidentifikasi bahwa kesulitan siswa dalam belajar persamaan dan fungsi kuadrat adalah dalam memahami konsep. Pemahaman konsep memungkinkan siswa untuk menganalisis, mengitegrasi, dan menerapkan konsep dalam berbagai situasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat manfaat penggunaan <em>Reception Oriented CAM </em>dengan lembar kerja untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan menemukan suatu cara yang efektif dalam penerapan metode tersebut. Penelitian tuindakan kelas dua siklus dengan model Pelton ini mengambil subyek tujuh siswi kelas 10 di suatu Sekolah Kristen di Tangerang. Data dikumpulkan dengan lembar tes, observasi, lembar umpan balik, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode <em>Reception Oriented CAM </em>dengan lembar kerja dapat meningkatgkan pemahaman konsep siswa dalam pembelajaran persamaan dan fungsi kuadrat. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa cara yang efektif untuk menerapkan <em>Reception Oriented CAM </em>dengan lembar kerja adalah dengan cara memberikan waktu yang cukup pada langkah ke tiga dan memberikan instruksi dengan detail kepada siswa-siswa sebelum pembelajaran dimulai.</p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TTW TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI TERTULIS DAN DISPOSISI MATEMATIS SISWA [THE EFFECT OF THE TTW TYPE COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL ON WRITTEN COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND MATHEMATICAL DISPOSITION]
Authors: Radiusman Radiusman , Simanjuntak Maslina 
Published: May 2020

<p>This quasi-experimental quantitative research aims to improve the written communication skills of mathematical disposition students of grade 10 social studies-track students at a public high school in Jakarta. The design of this study was one group pretest-post test design with a sample of 36 people. Based on the mathematical written communication test, results obtained showed that the average pretest value was 55.74 and the average posttest value was 79.39. The t-test results also showed that the study showed (0.00 &lt;0.05), then is rejected. This means that the TTW type of cooperative learning influences mathematical written communication skills. The results of the mathematical disposition questionnaire also showed that the average mathematical disposition before treatment was 57.563 (medium category) and the average value of mathematical disposition after treatment was 63.382 (high category). This shows that the mean of using TTW type of cooperative learning influences mathematical disposition.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: </strong>Penelitian kuantitatif <em>quasi eksperiment</em> ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi tertulis dan disposisi matematis siswa kelas X IPS 4 SMAN 50 Jakarta. Desain penelitian ini adalah one group <em>pretest-posttest</em> design dengan sampel sebanyak 36 orang. Berdasarkan hasil tes kemampuan komunikasi tertulis matematis diperoleh bahwa rata-rata nilai <em>pretest </em> adalah 55,74 dan rata-rata nilai <em>posttest</em> adalah 79,39. Hasil uji <em>t </em>juga menunjukkan bahwa penelitian menunjukkan (0,00&lt;0,05), maka ditolak. Hal ini berarti pembelajaran kooperatif tipe <em>Think-Talk-Write</em> berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan komunikasi tertulis matematis. Hasil angket disposisi matematis juga menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata disposisi matematis sebelum perlakuan adalah 57, 563 (kategori sedang) dan rata-rata nilai disposisi matematis sesudah perlakuan adalah 63,362 (kategori tinggi).<em> </em>Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa berarti pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TTW berpengaruh terhadap disposisi matematis. </p>
ETNO-SEMBOLİST KURAMA BİR ÖRNEK: FUAT KÖPRÜLÜ’NÜN MİLLİYETÇİ PERSPEKTİFİ
Authors: KAYA Seda 
Published: May 2020

Erken Cumhuriyet döneminde, ulus-inşa projesinin en önemli ayağı tarih yazıcılığı çalışmalarıydı. Kuşkusuz bu alanda en önce akla gelen isimlerden biri de Fuat Köprülü ve onun milliyetçi tarih yazımına araştırmalarıyla sunduğu katkılarıydı. Mevcut dönemde meydana getirilen tarih kitaplarında Türklerin primitif dönemlerine vurgu yaparak tarihsel mit, milli ruh gibi vurgularla oluşturmaya çalıştığı tarihsel anlatısı içerisinde, John Armstrong ile başlayıp Anthony Smith ile devam eden etno-sembolcü yaklaşımın izlerini görmek mümkündür. Bu çalışma, Fuat Köprülü’nün milliyetçi yaklaşımını etno-sembolcü teorinin yaklaşımlarını kıyaslayarak aralarındaki benzerliği anlatmayı hedeflemektedir. Ayrıca aralarındaki benzerliklerden yola çıkarak, Köprülü milliyetçiliğinin etno-sembolist sınıflandırma içerisinde dahil edilebilecek önemli bir örnek olduğu iddiasındadır. Bu çalışmanın odak noktası tarihin ve etnik kökenin buluşma noktasını etno-sembolist açıdan değerlendirirken, Fuat Köprülü milliyetçiliğinin nasıl bir örnek teşkil ettiği üzerine bir tartışma açmaktır. Son olarak bu çalışma, Köprülü milliyetçi yaklaşımını Etno-sembolizm üzerinden açıklamak niyetinde olmadığından dolayı anakronistik bir hata içermemektedir
SOSYAL MEDYA DEVRİMİNİN NEO-POLİTİK BOYUTLARI: PANORAMİK BİR İNCELEME
Authors: CİHANGİR Murat 
Published: May 2020

Her tarihsel süreçte, o sürece egemen
olan sosyolojik, politik, ekonomik ve kültürel değiştirici ve dönüştürücü
faktörler bulunmaktadır. Sosyal medya olgusu da 21. Yüz yıla damgasını vuran
pek çok faktörlerden biridir. Sosyal medya politik, ekonomik, kültürel
alanlarda etkisini gösteren yeni bir dijital uygulamadır. Hayatın her alanında
bireysel ve toplumsal ölçekli yansımaları bulunmaktadır. İnsanlık bilgi devrimi
olarak da nitelendirilen internet devrimine adapte olamamışken, sosyal medya
devrimi ile tanışmıştır. Politik alan da etki dalgasından etkilenmektedir.
Politik örgütlenme, ekonomik işleyiş, iletişim, güvenlik zihniyeti, bireysel yaşam biçimleri bu olgunun
etkilerine maruz kalmaktadır. Bu etki düzeyi ile sosyal medya kullanım
oranlarının artışı ile pozitif bir korelasyon bulunmaktadır. Politik erkin
meşruiyet inşa araçları, kimlikleme tarzları, kimliklenme biçimleri, politik
iletişim yapıları bu olgudan etkilenmektedir. İçinde bulunulan süreçte etkisi
tam olarak analiz edilemeyen olgunun geleceği şekillendirici etkileri de
bulunmaktadır. Politik partilerin seçim kampanyaları, siyasal pazarlama
anlayışları ve kamu diplomasisi de bu süreçten etkilenmektedir. Kimlik
tahayyülleri, mekân algısı, etkileşim yönetimleri de bu bağlamda dönüşüme maruz
kalmaktadır.