bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rational design to control the trade-off between receptor affinity and cooperativity
Authors: Ortega Gabriel , Mariottini Davide , Troina Alessandra , Dahlquist Frederick W. , Ricci Francesco , Plaxco Kevin W. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Cooperative binding is a property by which biomolecular receptors bind multiple-copy molecules of their targets in a highly concerted fashion, improving their responsiveness to small changes in target concentration. This mechanism is ubiquitous in the cell, where it is used to improve transport efficiency, tighten metabolic regulation, and enhance responsiveness to molecular cues. As it often happens in nature, however, this improved responsiveness comes at a cost, inevitably leading to decreased affinity. In our paper, however, we show how the additional binding energy provided by adding new binding sites can be rationally partitioned between improving the responsiveness still further or recovering some of the lost affinity, allowing the design of receptors with highly tailored affinity and cooperativity.
Speckle patterns for DIC in challenging scenarios: rapid application and impact endurance
Authors: Quino Gustavo , Chen Yanhong , Ramakrishnan Karthik Ram , Martínez-Hergueta Francisca , Zumpano Giuseppe , Pellegrino Antonio , Petrinic Nik 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Digital image correlation (DIC) is a widely used technique in experimental mechanics for full field measurement of displacements and strains. The subset matching based DIC requires surfaces containing a random pattern. Even though there are several techniques to create random speckle patterns, their applicability is still limited. For instance, traditional methods such as airbrush painting are not suitable in the following challenging scenarios: (i) when time available to produce the speckle pattern is limited and (ii) when dynamic loading conditions trigger peeling of the pattern. The development and application of some novel techniques to address these situations is presented in this paper. The developed techniques make use of commercially available materials such as temporary tattoo paper, adhesives and stamp kits. The presented techniques are shown to be quick, repeatable, consistent and stable even under impact loads and large deformations. Additionally, they offer the possibility to optimise and customise the speckle pattern. The speckling techniques presented in the paper are also versatile and can be quickly applied in a variety of materials.
FRI-based sparse sampling for ultrasonic array signals based on pulse-positive sequence delay synthesis
Authors: Shoupeng Song , Ruixuan Cheng , Mengli Qiao , Hao, Chen , Jiahui Yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Ultrasonic transducer arrays have been widely applied to nondestructive testing due to their high testing efficiency and abundant echo information regarding defects. However, the considerable sampling data generated in array testing greatly restricts the performance levels of the subsequent processes, such as data storage, transmission, and processing. An finite rate of innovation- (FRI) based sparse sampling method has been recently developed, which greatly reduces the volume of sampling data, but only for single-transducer signals. If a transducer array is designed to use this sampling framework, a new problem of an overly complex sampling circuit system will appear. Therefore, this paper develops a novel array signal sparse sampling framework based on the pulse-positive sequence delay synthesis technique, which combines the ultrasonic array analog signals into a one-channel analog signal with a low degree of information freedom for sparse sampling. Although the degree of information freedom of the synthetic signal is greater than that of a single transducer signal, it still satisfies the conditions of signal sparse sampling and the volume of sampling data is still much smaller than that obtained using the traditional Nyquist sampling technique. An example of the experiment using a pure shear wave in the oblique incidence mode on a steel sample is provided, which indicates that eight-channel transducer array signals can be synthesized into one-channel signal, and then, the time delay and amplitude of the defect echo signals can be accurately estimated for each array element from the synthetic-signal sparse sampling data.
Hysteretic behavior of a shape memory alloy-friction damper and seismic performance assessment of cable supported structures and reticulated shells
Authors: Lu Yan , Huang Jin , Han Qinghua , Hao Guangqin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel shape memory alloy (SMA)-friction damper (SFD) which is composed of friction and SMA energy consumption in parallel. Experiments are carried out to demonstrate the effects of the loading frequency, displacement amplitude and number of SMA wires on the hysteretic behavior of the SFD. Experimental results show that the effect of the loading frequency can be negligible, while the energy consumption increases almost linearly with the displacement amplitude. The increment of the number of SMA wires can significantly increase the stiffness and self-centering capacity to improve the performance of the SFD. Then, a numerical model of the SFD is established by the connector and solid elements in ABAQUS. Finally, a beam string structure, a suspend dome structure, K6 and square-pyramid double-layer spherical reticulated shells with and without SFDs under nine ground motions are analyzed by nonlinear dynamic analysis. For the controlled cable supported structures, the reduction ratio of the peak acceleration and peak displacement reach 46.47% and 52.61%, respectively. And for the controlled double-layer spherical reticulated shells, the reduction ratio of the peak acceleration and peak displacement reach 59.95% and 42.94%, respectively.
A modified one-dimensional constitutive model of pseudoelastic SMAs and its application in simulating the force–deformation relationship of SMA helical springs
Authors: Zhang Zhenhua , Feng Liang , Sheng Piao , Zhang Jingsi , Liu Yihao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Graesser–Cozzarelli constitutive model of shape memory alloys (SMAs) has been widely applied in seismic engineering due to its concise functions with well-defined material parameters. However, this model has some limitations, e.g. it fails to model the hardening behavior of SMAs under relatively large strain amplitudes and the effects of ambient temperature. In this paper, a modified Graesser–Cozzarelli constitutive model of pseudoelastic SMAs is proposed, through consideration of the changes of the elastic moduli of SMAs induced by different martensite fractions, the effects of ambient temperature on the pseudoelastic characteristics, the hardening behavior and the phenomenon of degradation of the pseudoelasticity of SMAs under large strain amplitudes. Furthermore, the modified model was validated by the results of experiments on SMA wires under different strain amplitudes and ambient temperatures. The modified model was then utilized to simulate the force–deformation relationship of SMA helical springs for the first time. In the procedure used to simulate the springs, the torsional and bending moments on the cross-section of the coiled wire of the springs were considered simultaneously, and the effect of the pitch angle was also included. Moreover, the spring simulation procedure was verified by tensile tests of SMA helical springs with complex loading patterns and existing simulated results of the effects of ambient temperature. The research results indicate that the spring simulation procedure based on the modified model can simulate the force–deformation relationship of the springs under different complex loading conditions and ambient temperature reasonably well. Furthermore, the effects of the spring index and the initial height of the springs on the characteristics of the force–deformation relationship were investigated in detail.
Pharmacist perceptions of and views on postgraduate year 3 training
Authors: Dang Yen H , To-Lui Kim P 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the attitudes and perceptions of pharmacy residency program participants regarding proposed expansion of postgraduate year 3 (PGY3) residency training opportunities.

Methods
An online questionnaire was emailed to all directors of ASHP-accredited residency programs with a request to distribute the survey among program participants, including residents, preceptors, coordinators, and other pharmacists working with residents. Survey questions assessed participants’ views and attitudes about PGY3 programs vs other avenues of career advancement, including potential benefits and limitations, program structure, and ramifications for the profession.

Results
Eight hundred forty-five individuals participated in the survey, for a 22.47% response rate. Only 288 pharmacists (34.4%) were familiar with the PGY3 residency training concept. Perceived benefits of PGY3 training, by percentage of respondents citing them, included job specialization (34.41%), an additional year of training (19.93%), and obtaining research skills (5.44%). The main perceived limiting factors included personal finances (21.62%), lack of justification for PGY3 training (13.83%), and time commitments (12.94%). As alternatives to PGY3 training for career advancement, board certifications (49.5%), scholarly activity (19.8%), and leadership in pharmacy organizations (19.2%) were the 3 highest-rated areas. A majority of respondents were opposed to ASHP standardization of PGY3 residency programs (74.3%) and/or had negative preconceptions of the potential impact of expanded PGY3 training initiatives on the job market (80.94%).

Conclusion
Overall, surveyed pharmacy residency program participants were opposed to the concept of expanded PGY3 training initiatives and indicated their view that PGY3 training offers limited benefits in terms of professional development. Participants favored on-the-job training and other avenues of career advancement over PGY3 residency training.
A Rare Pelvic “Mass-Querader”: Acute Urinary Retention Secondary to Hematocolpos in a Preadolescent Patient
Authors: Bezjian Wallace Laurie , Wallace Patrick , Herness Joel 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We report a case of acute urinary retention in an adolescent female secondary to hematocolpos. A 13-year-old female presented to the emergency department with acute urinary retention and suprapubic abdominal pain for 24 hours. She denied menstruation or sexual history. Bedside bladder ultrasound scan revealed 1.2 L of retained urine and a Foley catheter was placed. A formal renal ultrasound detected a debris-filled structure in the abdomino-pelvic cavity. Follow-up computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis revealed an 8.5 cm × 9.3 cm × 12.1 cm mass-like structure in the pelvis. No formal pelvic exam was completed and the patient was taken to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy due to concern for large pelvic mass versus tubo-ovarian abscess. However, upon entering the abdominal cavity, no mass was found. At that point, an external genital exam was performed, revealing an imperforate hymen. Hymenotomy resulted in the evacuation of 2.5 L of clotted blood from the vagina and uterus. Hematocolpos resulting in acute urinary retention is exceedingly rare; however, it is an important differential diagnosis that can be ruled in or out by physical exam findings. Although it may be uncomfortable for adolescent patients and physicians, external genital exams should be conducted in young females with acute urinary retention and amenorrhea to evaluate for imperforate hymen. This can ensure appropriate treatment and avoidance of unnecessary invasive procedures.
Children’s objective sleep assessed with wrist-based accelerometers: strong heritability of objective quantity and quality unique from parent-reported sleep
Authors: Breitenstein Reagan S , Doane Leah D , Lemery-Chalfant Kathryn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Children’s poor sleep is a risk factor for lower cognitive functioning and internalizing and externalizing problems. It is unclear whether genetic and environmental influences vary based on sleep assessment and no studies to date have examined genetic and environmental contributions to links between multiple objective and subjective sleep indicators. Further, nearly all heritability studies rely on subjective parent- or self-report measures of sleep duration and problems. Given these gaps in the literature, we (1) modeled genetic and environmental influences on multiple objective and subjective sleep indicators and (2) estimated genetic and environmental covariances between objective and subjective sleep indicators in middle childhood. Participants were 608 twin children (MZ = 178, same-sex DZ = 234, opposite-sex DZ = 190) assessed at 8 years of age (SD = 0.63 years). Objective nighttime sleep duration, efficiency, sleep onset latency (SOL), midpoint time, and midpoint variability were collected from actigraph watches worn for 7 nights (Mnights = 6.83, SD = 0.62). Children’s nighttime sleep duration and daytime sleepiness were assessed via parent report. Findings suggested high additive genetic influence on objective sleep quantity and quality, whereas objective SOL, sleep midpoint time, midpoint variability, parent-reported sleep duration, and daytime sleepiness were largely influenced by the shared environment. Common genetic factors explained associations between objective sleep quantity and quality, but genetics did not account for links with parent-reported sleep duration, midpoint time, or midpoint variability. Thus, objective and parent-reported assessments of children’s sleep have unique genetic etiologies and should not be used interchangeably in the sleep literature.
Cognitive Function of Recipients of Primary or Secondary Defibrillator Therapy
Authors: Kim JinShil , Park Jin-Kyu , Shin Mi-Seung , Choi Jiin , Kim Sun Hwa , Park Yae Min , On Young Keun , Choi Nayeon , Heo Seongkum 
Published: July 2020

Background
The extent to which cognitive function differs between patients who receive implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy and patients with heart failure (HF) who do not receive ICD therapy remains to be elucidated.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the cognitive function between patients with primary or secondary ICDs and patients with HF without an ICD.

Methods
This descriptive, comparative study included 116 patients who received ICDs and 74 patients with HF who did not receive ICDs. Patients underwent neuropsychological assessment for general cognition, memory, and executive function.

Results
Immediate recall memory loss (18.9%) occurred more often in patients with HF without an ICD than in patients with primary (3.1%) and secondary (7.1%) ICDs (P = .018). After adjusting for age and education, delayed recall memory of patients with HF without ICDs was significantly worse than that of patients with primary ICDs (4.0 vs 6.5; P < .001), whereas delayed recall memory of patients with primary ICDs was better than that of patients with secondary ICDs (6.0 vs 6.5; P = .006). Executive function of patients with HF without ICDs was significantly worse than that of patients with primary (35 vs 58 seconds; P < .001) and secondary (28 vs 58 seconds; P = .0012) ICDs.

Conclusions
Patients with ICDs, regardless of primary or secondary indication, had less impairment of memory and executive function than patients with HF without ICDs, implying that ICD therapy did not interfere with cognitive performance. Cognitive screening as a part of routine care could be helpful for identifying impairment and implementing early cognitive training, especially in patients with HF.
Association of Recognized and Unrecognized Myocardial Infarction With Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in 125,988 Individuals: A Report of the Lifelines Cohort Study
Authors: Iozzia Giulia , de Miranda Azevedo Ricardo , van der Harst Pim , Rosmalen Judith G.M. , de Jonge Peter , Roest Annelieke M. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective
No previous study has focused on recognition of myocardial infarction (MI) and the presence of both depressive and anxiety disorders in a large population-based sample. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of recognized MI (RMI) and unrecognized MI (UMI) with depressive and anxiety disorders.

Methods
Analyses included 125,988 individuals enrolled in the Lifelines study. Current mental disorders according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition) were assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. UMI was detected using electrocardiogram in participants who did not report a history of MI. The classification of RMI was based on self-reported MI history together with the use of either antithrombotic medications or electrocardiogram signs of MI. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, somatic comorbidities, and physical health–related quality of life as measured by the RAND 36-Item Health Survey in different models.

Results
Participants with RMI had significantly higher odds of having any depressive and any anxiety disorder as compared with participants without MI (depressive disorder: odds ratio [OR] = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.38–2.52; anxiety disorder: OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.32–1.94) after adjustment for age and sex. Participants with UMI did not differ from participants without MI (depressive disorder: OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 0.96–2.64; anxiety disorder: OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.48–1.11). After additional adjustment for somatic comorbidities and low physical health–related quality of life, the association between RMI with any depressive disorder was no longer statistically significant (OR = 1.18; 95% CI =0.84–1.65), but the association with any anxiety disorder remained (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.03–1.57).

Conclusions
Recognition of MI seems to play a major role in the occurrence of anxiety, but not depressive, disorders.
A New Experimental Lymphedema Model
Authors: Aksoyler Dicle , Bitik Ozan , Menku Ozdemir Fethiye Damla , Gokoz Ozay , Uzun Hakan , Yeniceri Berna , Nasir Serdar Nazif 
Published: July 2020

Background
Our aim was to create a new rodent hind limb lymphedema model lacking the fibrosis effect induced by radiotherapy and subjected to the inhibition of lymphangiogenesis via sirolimus (rapamycin) to maintain a chronic lymphedema model and investigate its reliability for human treatment modalities.

Methods
Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 7 groups: (1) surgery control, (2) vehicle-surgery control, (3) vehicle control, (4) rapamycin control, (5) surgery with 1 mg/kg per day rapamycin, (6) surgery with 1.5 mg/kg per day rapamycin, and (7) surgery with 2 mg/kg per day rapamycin. All surgeries were performed on the right hind limbs, with the left hind limbs also considered as a control. The drug and its solvent were administered daily into the relevant groups intraperiteonally. The presence of lymphedema was investigated by weekly limb circumference measurements, microcomputed tomography, fluorescence lymphography using indocyanine green dye, and microscopic evaluation at the end of the sixth week to determine any histological changes in the hind limbs.

Results
In group 1, lymphedema was observed for 2 weeks (P = 0.032), whereas in groups 5, 6, and 7, lymphedema lasted for 3 weeks (P < 0.05.) Fluorescence using indocyanine green revealed that the edema was totally resolved after 6 weeks of surgery by a well-developed superficial lymphatic organization instead of the normal distinct vessel structure. Histologically, groups 1, 5, 5, and 7 demonstrated a significant increase in both the number of macrophages (P < 0.001) and newly formed lymphatic vessels in the right side surgically treated hind limb (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Despite the extreme surgical destruction and lymphangiogenesis inhibition in the rat model, the sustained lymphedema did not last >3 weeks. Because of the rapid neolymphangiogenesis in murines and a different wound healing mechanism, they should not be considered as an appropriate model for research on human lymphedema in first place.
Anthropometric Changes in the Upper Lip Between the Standing Position in the Clinic and Supine Position on the Operative Table in Secondary Cleft Lip Nasal Deformities
Authors: Han Kihwan , Kim Taeki , Kim Junhyung , Choi Jaehoon , Shin Youngmin , Jeong Woonhyeok 
Published: July 2020

Background
We evaluated changes in lip height and length by position in cleft lip nasal deformity patients who underwent treatment with Millard technique.

Methods
A retrospective review of the medical records and an anthropometric analysis of photographs were performed in 209 cases of cleft lip nasal deformity. In the photogrammetric analysis, the lip height and length were calculated with respect to the intercanthal width. To evaluate the change in the difference between the cleft- and noncleft-side measurements between the standing and supine positions, the difference between the cleft- and noncleft-side measurements (Δnc-c) was calculated. We identified which patients and surgical factors affected the difference between the cleft- and noncleft-side measurements between the standing and supine positions (Δst-sp).

Results
From a total of 120 cases, cases with missing medical charts and clinical photographs were excluded, and 89 cases were included in this study. The discrepancy between the cleft-side lip height and noncleft-side lip height was significantly different between the standing and supine positions (P = 0.007). According to the univariate regression analysis, Δst-sp (sbal-cphi) had a significant positive correlation with body mass index (P = 0.044). In the final multiple linear regression analysis, body mass index had a significant positive correlation with Δst-sp (sbal-cphi, P = 0.044).

Conclusion
In our results, the difference in vertical lip height is easy to underestimate in the supine position during surgery. Therefore, surgeons should verify lip height with the patient in the sitting or standing position during the operation to avoid undercorrecting lips with short heights.