bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical vulnerabilities of nutrient content claims under U.S. FDA per serving size, CAC per 100 g or mL, CAC per serving size, and CAC per 100 kcal and the nutrient content of foods based on the proposed method
Authors: Forouzesh Abed , Forouzesh Fatemeh , Foroushani Sadegh Samadi , Forouzesh Abolfazl 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTWe revealed critical vulnerabilities of nutrient content claims under FDA per serving size (serving), CAC per 100 g or mL, CAC per serving, and CAC per 100 kcal and developed the proposed method to remove all vulnerabilities. We calculated the nutrient content of foods based on nutrient content claims under the proposed method. Then, we determined nutrient content claims for foods and food groups, and specified similarities between nutrient content claims in food groups. Also, we ranked foods and food groups based on met claims of the nutrient content. Nutrient content claims based on the proposed method, including free, very low, low, source, and high claims were determined in 8596 food items, 29 nutrients, and 25 food groups of the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, release 28. Source and high claims are used for positive nutrients (including vitamins, minerals except sodium, protein, and dietary fiber). The very low claim is used for sodium, and free and low claims are used for cholesterol, energy, saturated fat, sodium, and total fat (also known as negative nutrients). In general, critical vulnerabilities of nutrient content claims under FDA and CAC can cause: (1) excessive energy intake based on FDA and CAC per serving and CAC per 100 g or mL; (2) exceeding the DV (NRV) for low nutrients under FDA per serving and CAC per 100 g or mL by consuming small amounts of foods per day; (3) the presence of nutrient free, but not low nutrient, foods based on FDA per serving and CAC per 100 g or mL; (4) the calculation of nutrient content in inappropriate amounts of foods based on FDA per serving, CAC per 100 g or mL, CAC per 100 kcal, and CAC per serving; and (5) determination of energy from total fat and saturated fat for relevant claims in inappropriate portions based on FDA per serving and CAC per 100 g or mL. Breakfast cereals, baby foods, pork products, lamb, veal, and game products, poultry products, and beef products had the highest average of scores for source and high nutrients. Restaurant foods, fast foods, and sausages and luncheon meats had the lowest average of scores for free, very low, and low nutrients. Nutrient source or high nutrient foods for all 24 positive nutrients were found in seven food groups (American Indian/Alaska Native foods; baby foods; beverages; dairy and egg products; legumes and legume products; meals, entrees, and side dishes; vegetables and vegetable products). There were very few source and high foods for potassium and vitamin D. Also, there were very few energy free foods.
Mobile Cabin Hospital compulsory quarantine for mild patients was an alternative method to combat COVID-19: the Chinese experience
Authors:   Working Group on Fighting the COVID-19 epidemic in WuHan Hanyang Mobile Cabin Hospital, China, Li Hongru , Lin Jiaping , Lian Hongmei , Chen Kang , Lyu Yongtao , Chen Yusheng , Ren Lili , Zheng Li , Lin Zhisheng , Yu Xueying , Chen Zihan , Al-Wathnani Hend , Rensing Christopher , Qian Xin , Yang Xinghai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSince the end of 2019 to the present day, the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had an immense impact on China and on other countries worldwide. This outbreak represents a serious threat to the lives and health of people all around the world. The epidemic first broke out in Wuhan, where the Chinese government was unable to prevent the spread of the disease by implementing home quarantine measures. Mobile cabin hospitals were used to relieve pressure on hospitals due to the need for beds while also isolating the sources of the infection through a centralized quarantine and treatment of mild cases.MethodThis paper reviewed and summarized the treatment of patients with mild illness and symptoms during the period from the construction to the closing of the Hanyang Mobile Cabin Hospital in Wuhan, China, and presented the operational elements and possible improvements of running this hospital.ResultsMobile cabin hospitals helped China to curb the epidemic in only 2 incubation periods in 28 days.The basic conditions required for a normal operation of mobile cabin hospitals included the selection of the environment, medical staff to patient ratio, organizational structure, management model, admission criteria, treatment approaches, discharge process, livelihood guarantee, security, and other safeguarding measures. All of these components were performed carefully in Wuhan Hanyang Mobile Cabin Hospital, without medical staff being infected.ConclusionThe mobile cabin hospital compulsory quarantine for mild patients was an alternative method to combat COVID-19. It is hoped that the presented work in this manuscript can serve as a reference for the emergency prevention and control measures for global epidemic outbreaks.
The role of alpha oscillations in a premotor-cerebellar loop in modulation of motor learning: insights from transcranial alternating current stimulation
Authors: Schubert Christine , Dabbagh Alhuda , Classen Joseph , Krämer Ulrike M. , Tzvi Elinor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlpha oscillations (8-13 Hz) have been shown to play an important role in dynamic neural processes underlying learning and memory. The goal of this study was to scrutinize the role of α oscillations in communication within a network implicated in motor sequence learning. To this end, we conducted two experiments using the serial reaction time task. In the first experiment, we explored changes in α power and cross-channel α coherence. We found a gradual decrease in learning-related α power over left premotor cortex (PMC), somatosensory cortex (S1) and tempo-parietal junction (TPJ). Alpha coherence between left PMC/S1 and right cerebellar crus I was reduced for sequence learning, possibly reflecting a functional decoupling in a motor-cerebellar loop during the motor learning process. In the second experiment in a different cohort, we applied 10Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), a method shown to entrain local oscillatory activity, to left M1 (lM1) and right cerebellum (rCB) during sequence learning. We observed learning deficits during rCB tACS compared to sham, but not during lM1 tACS. In addition, learning-related α power following rCB tACS was increased in left PMC, possibly reflecting a decrease in neural activity. Importantly, learning-specific coherence between left PMC and right cerebellar lobule VIIb was enhanced following rCB tACS. These findings suggest that interactions within a premotor-cerebellar loop, which are underlying motor sequence learning, are mediated by α oscillations. We show that they can be modulated through external entrainment of cerebellar oscillations, which then modulates motor cortical α and interferes with sequence learning.
Molecular mechanisms of Cardiac Injury associated with myocardial SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Liu XianFang , Lou LongQuan , Zhou Lei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread around the world. Developing cardiac injury is a common condition in COVID-19 patients, but the pathogenesis remains unclear.MethodsThe RNA-Seq dataset (GES150392) compared expression profiling of mock human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) and SARS-cov-2-infected hiPSC-CMs were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). We identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between those two groups. Through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and CLINVAR human diseases analysis to identify the main effect of SARS-CoV-2 on cardiomyocytes. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to visualize interactions and functions of the hub genes.ResultsA total of 1554 DEGs were identified (726 upregulated genes and 828 downregulated genes). Gene enrichment analysis shown that SARS-CoV-2 activate immuno-inflammatory responses via multiple signal pathways, including TNFα, IL6-JAK-STAT3, IL2-STAT5, NF-κB, IL17, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway in hiPSC-CMs. Whereas, the muscle contraction, cellular respiration and cell cycle of hiPSC-CMs were inhibited by SARS-CoV-2. CLINVAR human diseases analysis shown SRAS-Cov-2 infection was associated with myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy and Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. 15 hub genes were identified based on PPI network. Function analysis revealed that 11 upregulated hub genes were mainly enriched in cytokine activity, chemokine activity, Inflammatory response, leukocyte chemotaxis, and lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway. Furthermore, 4 downregulated hub genes were related to cell cycle regulation.ConclusionThe present study elucidates that the SARS-CoV-2 infection induced a strong defensive response in cardiomyocyte, leading to excessive immune inflammation, cell hypoxia, functional contractility reduction and apoptosis, ultimately result in myocardial injury.
Mutations in TMEM43 cause autosomal dominant auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder via interaction with connexin-mediated passive conductance channels
Authors: Jang Minwoo Wendy , Oh Doo-Yi , Yi Eunyoung , Liu Xuezhong , Ling Jie , Kim Nayoung , Sharma Kushal , Kim Tai Young , Lee Seungmin , Kim Ah-Reum , Kim Min Young , Kim Min-A , Lee Mingyu , Han Jin-Hee , Han Jae Joon , Park Hye-Rim , Kim Bong Jik , Lee Sang-Yeon , Woo Dong Ho , Oh Jayoung , Oh Soo-Jin , Du Tingting , Koo Ja-Won , Oh Seung Ha , Shin Hyun Woo , Seong Moon-Woo , Lee Kyu Yup , Kim Un-Kyung , Shin Jung Bum , Sang Shushan , Cai Xinzhang , Mei Lingyun , He Chufeng , Blanton Susan H. , Chen Zheng-Yi , Chen Hongsheng , Liu Xianlin , Nourbakhsh Aida , Huang Zaohua , Park Woong-Yang , Feng Yong , Lee C. Justin , Choi Byung Yoon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGenes that are primarily expressed in cochlear glia-like supporting cells (GLSs) have never been clearly associated with progressive deafness. Herein, we present a novel deafness locus mapped to chromosome 3p25.1 and a new auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) geneTMEM43mainly expressed in GLSs. We identify p.R372X ofTMEM43by linkage analysis and exome sequencing in two large Asian families. The knock-in (KI) mouse with p.R372X mutation recapitulates a progressive hearing loss with histological abnormalities exclusively in GLSs. Mechanistically, TMEM43 interacts with Cx26 and Cx30 gap junction channels, disrupting the passive conductance current in GLSs in a dominant-negative fashion when the p.R372X mutation is introduced. Based on the mechanistic insights, cochlear implant was performed on two patients and speech discrimination was successfully restored. Our study highlights a pathological role of cochlear GLSs by identifying a novel deafness gene and its causal relationship with ANSD.
Evolution and Genetic Diversity of SARSCoV-2 in Africa Using Whole Genome Sequences
Authors: Motayo Babatunde Olarenwaju , Oluwasemowo Olukunle Oluwapamilerin , Akinduti Paul Akiniyi , Olusola Babatunde Adebiyi , Aerege Olumide T , Faneye Adedayo Omotayo 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe ongoing SARSCoV-2 pandemic was introduced into Africa on 14thFebruary 2020 and has rapidly spread across the continent causing severe public health crisis and mortality. We investigated the genetic diversity and evolution of this virus during the early outbreak months using whole genome sequences. We performed; recombination analysis against closely related CoV, Bayesian time scaled phylogeny and investigated spike protein amino acid mutations. Results from our analysis showed recombination signals between the AfrSARSCoV-2 sequences and reference sequences within the N and S genes. The evolutionary rate of the AfrSARSCoV-2 was 4.133 × 10−4high posterior density HPD (4.132 × 10−4to 4.134 × 10−4) substitutions/site/year. The time to most recent common ancestor TMRCA of the African strains was December 7th2019. The AfrSARCoV-2 sequences diversified into two lineages A and B with B being more diverse with multiple sub-lineages confirmed by both maximum clade credibility MCC tree and PANGOLIN software. There was a high prevalence of the D614-G spike protein amino acid mutation (82.61%) among the African strains. Our study has revealed a rapidly diversifying viral population with the G614 spike protein variant dominating, we advocate for up scaling NGS sequencing platforms across Africa to enhance surveillance and aid control effort of SARSCoV-2 in Africa.
Epitope-resolved profiling of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody response identifies cross-reactivity with an endemic human CoV
Authors: Ladner Jason T , Henson Sierra N , Boyle Annalee S , Engelbrektson Anna L , Fink Zane W , Rahee Fatima , D’ambrozio Jonathan , Schaecher Kurt E , Stone Mars , Dong Wenjuan , Dadwal Sanjeet , Yu Jianhua , Caligiuri Michael A , Cieplak Piotr , Bjørås Magnar , Fenstad Mona H , Nordbø Svein A , Kainov Denis E , Muranaka Norihito , Chee Mark S , Shiryaev Sergey A , Altin John A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA high-resolution understanding of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 is important for the design of effective diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics. However, SARS-CoV-2 antibody epitopes remain largely uncharacterized, and it is unknown whether and how the response may cross-react with related viruses. Here, we use a multiplexed peptide assay (‘PepSeq’) to generate an epitope-resolved view of reactivity across all human coronaviruses. PepSeq accurately detects SARS-CoV-2 exposure and resolves epitopes across the Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins. Two of these represent recurrent reactivities to conserved, functionally-important sites in the Spike S2 subunit, regions that we show are also targeted for the endemic coronaviruses in pre-pandemic controls. At one of these sites, we demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 response strongly and recurrently cross-reacts with the endemic virus hCoV-OC43. Our analyses reveal new diagnostic and therapeutic targets, including a site at which SARS-CoV-2 may recruit common pre-existing antibodies and with the potential for broadly-neutralizing responses.
There is no evidence of a universal genetic boundary among microbial species
Authors: Murray Connor S. , Gao Yingnan , Wu Martin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA fundamental question in studying microbial diversity is whether there is a species boundary and if the boundary can be delineated by a universal genetic discontinuity. To address this question, Jain et al. computed the pairwise average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 91,761 microbial (bacterial and archaeal) genomes (the 90K genome dataset) and found that the ANI values from the 8 billion comparisons follow a strong bimodal distribution1. The authors concluded that a clear genetic discontinuum and species boundary were evident from the unprecedented large-scale ANI analysis. As a result, the researchers advocated that an ANI of 95% can be used to accurately demarcate all currently named microbial species. While the FastANI program described in the paper is useful, we argue that the paper’s conclusion of a universal genetic boundary is questionable and resulted from the substantial biased sampling in genome sequencing. We also caution against being overly confident in using 95% ANI for microbial species delineation as the high benchmarks reported in the paper were inflated by using highly redundant genomes.
Enhanced Brain Imaging Genetics in UK Biobank
Authors: Smith Stephen M , Douaud Gwenaëlle , Chen Winfield , Hanayik Taylor , Alfaro-Almagro Fidel , Sharp Kevin , Elliott Lloyd T 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUK Biobank is a major prospective epidemiological study that is carrying out detailed multimodal brain imaging on 100,000 participants, and includes genetics and ongoing health outcomes. As a step forwards in understanding genetic influence on brain structure and function, in 2018 we published genome-wide associations of 3,144 brain imaging-derived phenotypes, with a discovery sample of 8,428 UKB subjects. Here we present a new open resource of GWAS summary statistics, resulting from a greatly expanded set of genetic associations with brain phenotypes, using the 2020 UKB imaging data release of approximately 40,000 subjects. The discovery sample has now almost tripled (22,138), the number of phenotypes increased to 3,935 and the number of genetic variants with MAF≥1% increased to 10 million. For the first time, we include associations on the X chromosome, and several new classes of image derived phenotypes (primarily, more fine-grained subcortical volumes, and cortical grey-white intensity contrast). Previously we had found 148 replicated clusters of associations between genetic variants and imaging phenotypes; here we find 692 replicating clusters of associations, including 12 on the X chromosome. We describe some of the newly found associations, focussing particularly on the X chromosome and autosomal associations involving the new classes of image derived phenotypes. Our novel associations implicate pathways involved in the rare X-linked syndrome STAR (syndactyly, telecanthus and anogenital and renal malformations), Alzheimer’s disease and mitochondrial disorders. All summary statistics are openly available for interactive viewing and download on the “BIG40” open web server.
Current-source 1-Ph inverter design for aircraft applications
Authors: Sener Eralp , Ertasgin Gurhan 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to present an inverter with a current-source input for 400 Hz avionic systems to have a system which removes DC-link capacitors and presents a high efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
A battery-powered DC link inductor generates a constant-current source. A single high-frequency switch is used to provide a sinusoidally modulated current before the inverter. The output of the switch is “unfolded” by a thyristor-based H-bridge inverter to generate an AC output current. The system uses a CL low-pass filter to obtain a 400 Hz pure sine wave by removing pulse width modulation components.

Findings
Simulations and Typhoon HIL real-time experiments were performed with closed-loop control to validate the proposed inverter concept while meeting the critical standards of MIL-STD-704F.

Originality/value
This current source inverter topology is suitable for avionic systems that require 400 Hz output frequency. The topology uses small DC-link inductor and eliminates bulky capacitor which determines the inverter lifetime.
A retrospective overview of Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics using a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Donthu Naveen , Kumar Satish , Pandey Nitesh , Soni Gunjan 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study provides a retrospect of Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics (APJML) for the 27-year period between 1993 and 2019.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the Scopus database to identify the most-cited APJML articles and most prolific authors, institutions and countries in APJML between 1993 and 2019. The study uses bibliometric indicators as well as tools such as bibliographic coupling and science mapping, to analyze the publication and citation structure of APJML. The study provides a temporal analysis of APJML publishing across different periods.FindingsAPJML's publication has grown at an average rate of 17% per year, while its citations have grown at an impressive rate of 60%. The contributors to the journal come mainly from the Asia Pacific region, which is not surprising given the journal's scope of publication. Bibliographic coupling of articles reveals that the journal has focused mostly on issues related to market orientation, advertising, marketing research, consumer behavior, customer service, marketing in the digital environment and consumer ethnocentrism. Quantitative research in marketing and consumer ethnocentrism is among the emerging themes in the journal and would benefit from more exploration from scholars.Research limitations/implicationsThis study uses data from the Scopus database, whose limitations have implications for the findings. For example, data for the journal's first five issues are not available on Scopus and therefore are not included in the analysis.Originality/valueThis study provides the first overview of APJML's publication and citation trends as well as its thematic structure.
Structural changes and economic growth in China over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up
Authors: Liu Xiahui 
Published: July 2020

PurposeDuring the process of reform and opening-up, the structural transformations of the Chinese economy have two significant leaps forward and demonstrate a process of “rural area–industrialization (urban industry and rural industry)–urbanization” development powered by the main engine of economic growth.Design/methodology/approachThese two leaps forward resulted in transitions of economic structure in China. In the author’s view, structural transformations are closely related to China's economic reforms and can be divided into clear phases.FindingsThe structural transformations have two significant leaps forward and demonstrate a process of “rural area–industry (urban industry and rural industry)–urban area development” powered by the main engine of economic growth.Originality/valueThis paper reviews and summarizes the development and structural transformations in China’s economy over the last 40 years. The author believes that China’s economic miracle is accompanied by dramatic changes in its economic structure, which is particularly characterized by the ongoing process of transition from a traditional agricultural economy into a country with high industrial output, from industrialization into urbanization and from a planned economy into a market economy.
The ontological foundation for studying the future
Authors: Clardy Alan 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an ontological foundation for future studies, based in part on integrating some prior albeit incomplete work in this area.

Design/methodology/approach
This manuscript is based on a literature review, as well as on conceptual and theoretical enhancements from this subject field.

Findings
As the future does not exist (it is always something yet to come), the ontological foundations for studying the future must be based on the current reality of the physical, biological and social-psychological worlds of experience and ideas. From this basis, 10 postulates are provided that are based on that current reality and are applied to studying the future. Thus, by characterizing the current reality and how it is understood by people, meaningful statements about the future are possible.

Practical implications
For each ontological postulate, one or more implications for the study of the future are provided as guidelines for practice.

Originality/value
This manuscript integrates and builds on prior offerings about ontological concerns into a comprehensive framework that legitimates and focuses the practices of studying the future.