bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Passive smoking and type 2 diabetes among never‐smoking women: The Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study
Authors: Oba Shino , Goto Atsushi , Mizoue Tetsuya , Inoue Manami , Sawada Norie , Noda Mitsuhiko , Tsugane Shoichiro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe aim of the current study was to prospectively evaluate the association between passive smoking from a spouse and the risk of diabetes among never‐smoking Japanese women. Passive smoking at a workplace (or public facilities) was assessed as a secondary measure.Materials and MethodsIn the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study (baseline 1990 or 1993), we followed 25,391 never‐smoking women aged 40–69 years and without diabetes. Passive smoking was defined as having a husband who was a self‐reported smoker, and the exposure at a workplace (or public facilities) was self‐reported by women. The development of diabetes was identified in questionnaires administered at the 5‐year and 10‐year surveys. A pooled logistic regression model was used to assess the association between passive smoking and the development of diabetes with adjustment for age and possible confounders.ResultsCompared with women whose husbands had never smoked, women whose husband smoked ≥40 cigarettes/day had significantly higher odds of developing diabetes in an age‐adjusted model, but the association was attenuated in a multivariable model (odds ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval 0.96–1.87). There was a dose–response trend between the number of cigarettes smoked by a husband and the odds of developing diabetes (P = 0.02). Women reporting daily passive smoking at a workplace (or public facilities) had higher odds of developing diabetes than women reporting no such exposure (odds ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 0.995–1.53).ConclusionsOur results indicated a higher risk of diabetes among never‐smoking Japanese women with higher exposure to passive smoking from a spouse.
Effect of cultivars and irrigation waters on persistence of indicator bacteria on lettuce grown in high tunnel
Authors: Yin Hsin‐Bai , Chen Chi‐Hung , Karanth Shraddha , Byun Suyeun , Mayer Christine , Harriger Dana , Pradhan Abani , Patel Jitendra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEffect of irrigation with groundwater (GW), primary‐treated wastewater (PTWW), secondary‐treated wastewater (STWW), and roof‐collected rainwater (RCR) on the microbial quality of lettuce cultivars “Annapolis,” “Celinet,” and “Coastline” grown in high tunnel was investigated. Lettuce plants were spray irrigated with irrigation waters once a week for 2 weeks and analyzed for indicator and pathogenic bacteria. PTWW irrigation resulted in the highest Escherichia coli recovery on the lettuce plants (4.7 log MPN/g) as compared to irrigation with other three waters on 0 day postirrigation (dpi). Lettuce cultivars affected the bacterial die‐off rate, where E. coli populations reduced the most by 1.5 log MPN/g on “Annapolis” lettuce on 2 dpi. The STWW and RCR irrigation did not significantly influence indicator bacterial populations on lettuce as compared to GW irrigation. The STWW and RCR containing low populations of indicator bacteria may be suitable for lettuce irrigation in Mid‐Atlantic area without affecting its microbial quality.
Converging Subjective and Psychophysiological Measures of Cognitive Load to Study the Effects of Instructor‐Present Video
Authors: Wang Jiahui , Antonenko Pavlo , Keil Andreas , Dawson Kara 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTMany online videos feature an instructor on the screen to improve learners' engagement; however, the influence of this design on learners' cognitive load is underexplored. This study investigates the effects of instructor presence on learners' processing of information using both subjective and psychophysiological measures of cognitive load. Sixty university students watched a statistics instructional video either with or without instructor presence, while the spontaneous electrical activity of their brain was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG). At the conclusion of the video, they also self‐reported overall load, intrinsic load, extraneous load, and germane load they experienced during the video. Learning from the video was assessed via tests of retention and transfer. Results suggested the instructor‐present video improved learners' ability to transfer information and was associated with a lower self‐reported intrinsic and extraneous load. Event‐related changes in theta band activity also indicated lower cognitive load with instructor‐present video.
Paternally‐biased gene expression follows kin‐selected predictions in female honey bee embryos
Authors: Smith Nicholas M. A. , Yagound Boris , Remnant Emily J. , Foster Charles S. P. , Buchmann Gabriele , Allsopp Michael H. , Kent Clement F. , Zayed Amro , Rose Stephen A. , Lo Kitty , Ashe Alyson , Harpur Brock A. , Beekman Madeleine , Oldroyd Benjamin P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Kinship Theory of Genomic Imprinting (KTGI) posits that, in species where females mate with multiple males, there is selection for a male to enhance the reproductive success of his offspring at the expense of other males and his mating partner. Reciprocal crosses between honey bee subspecies show parent‐of‐origin effects for reproductive traits, suggesting that males modify the expression of genes related to female function in their female offspring. This effect is likely to be greater in the Cape honey bee (Apis mellifera capensis), because a male's daughters have the unique ability to produce female offspring that can develop into reproductive workers or the next queen without mating. We generated reciprocal crosses between Capensis and another subspecies and used RNA‐seq to identify transcripts that are over‐ or underexpressed in the embryos, depending on the parental origin of the gene. As predicted, 21 genes showed expression bias towards the Capensis father's allele in colonies with a Capensis father, with no such bias in the reciprocal cross. A further six genes showed a consistent bias towards expression of the father's allele across all eight colonies examined, regardless of the direction of the cross. Consistent with predictions of the KTGI, six of the 21 genes are associated with female reproduction. No gene consistently showed overexpression of the maternal allele.
Electroencephalographic analysis in soman‐exposed 21‐day‐old rats and the effects of midazolam or LY293558 with caramiphen
Authors: De Araujo Furtado Marcio , Aroniadou‐Anderjaska Vassiliki , Figueiredo Taiza H. , Apland James P. , Braga Maria F. M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcute nerve agent exposure induces status epilepticus (SE), which can cause brain damage or death. Research aiming at developing effective therapies for controlling nerve agent–induced SE is commonly performed in adult rats. The characteristics of nerve agent–induced SE in young rats are less clear; relevant knowledge is necessary for developing effective pediatric therapies. Here, we have used electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings and analysis to study seizures in postnatal day 21 rats exposed to 1.2 × LD50 of soman, and compared the antiseizure efficacy of midazolam (MDZ)—currently considered by the Food and Drug Administration to replace diazepam for treating SE in victims of nerve agent exposure—with that of LY293558, an AMPA/GluK1 receptor antagonist, administered in combination with caramiphen, an antimuscarinic with N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor antagonistic properties. Prolonged SE developed in 80% of the rats and was reflected in behavioral seizures/convulsions. Both MDZ and LY293558 + caramiphen stopped the SE induced by soman, but there was a significant recurrence of seizures within 24 h postexposure only in the MDZ‐treated group, as revealed in the raw EEG data and their representation in the frequency domain using a fast Fourier transform and in spectral analysis over 24 hours. In contrast to the high efficacy of LY293558 + caramiphen, MDZ is not an effective treatment for SE induced by soman in young animals.
Identifying barriers to New Zealanders obtaining Australian citizenship
Authors: Morey Madeleine 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIncreasing migration regulation affects long‐term resident non‐citizen populations. Using New Zealanders living in Australia as an example, this paper explores the effect increasing migration regulation has had on this population and their ability to obtain Australian citizenship. Results from an online survey found that although 44.7% of respondents want to become a citizen, the eligibility requirements, cost and the application process were the main barriers to them doing so. Leaving them unable to secure their legal status in Australia.
Molecular signatures of extracellular vesicles in oral fluids of periodontitis patients
Authors: Chaparro Padilla Alejandra , Weber Aracena Laura , Realini Fuentes Ornella , Albers Busquetts Daniela , Hernández Ríos Marcela , Ramírez Lobos Valeria , Pascual La Rocca Andrés , Nart Molina José , Beltrán Varas Victor , Acuña‐Gallardo Stephanie , Sanz Ruiz Antonio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize extracellular vesicles (EVs) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva samples from healthy/gingivitis and periodontitis patients and correlate them with clinical inflammatory periodontal parameters.Material and MethodAn exploratory study, including 86 subjects, was conducted. Clinical and periodontal data were recorded, and oral fluid samples were obtained. EVs were precipitated by ExoQuick‐TC™ and characterized by nanoparticle tracking (NanoSight™), Western blot (WB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and ELISA analysis.ResultsTEM showed nanoparticles morphologically compatible with EVs, and WB analysis revealed bands of specific EV markers (CD9, TSG101, and Alix) in both oral fluids of periodontitis and healthy/gingivitis subjects. The total concentration of EVs in GCF was increased in periodontitis patients compared to healthy/gingivitis subjects (p = .017). However, we did not observe differences in the EV concentration of saliva samples (p = .190). The size of GCF‐EVs was 144.2 nm in periodontitis and 160.35 nm in healthy/gingivitis patients (p = .038). The CD63 exosome marker was increased in GCF of periodontitis patients (p = .00001). The total concentration of EVs in GCF was correlated with bleeding on probing (rho = 0.63, p = .002), periodontal probing depth (rho = 0.56, p = .009), and clinical attachment level (rho = 0.48, p = .030).ConclusionPeriodontitis patients have an increased concentration of EVs in GCF, and their role in periodontitis should be clarified.
ΑN EXPATRIATED ‘COLLECTION’ OF MESOLITHIC NORWEGIAN LITHICS AT HERAKLION ARCHAEOLOGICAL MUSEUM AND WORLD WAR II LEGACIES
Authors: Flouda G. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThe paper presents a previously undocumented group of 22 lithics held at the Heraklion Archaeological Museum, which were recently identified as provenanced from the Mesolithic site of Smelroren in Norway. Their provenance is attested by a handwritten paper label that accompanied the assemblage, and further substantiated by three of these pieces presented in the 1936 publication of Smelroren. Archival testimonies allow one to tentatively formulate the hypothesis that these artefacts were possibly expatriated from Norway under unknown circumstances and transferred to Crete in 1941 by the Austrian archaeologist August Schörgendorfer, who was assigned with the safekeeping of cultural heritage in the occupied island. The main aim of the paper is to explore the historical background of this orphaned collection, as this is so far the only known case whereby an officer of the ‘Art Protection’ unit (Kunstschutz) of the Wehrmacht introduced foreign archaeological objects into a Greek archaeological instituition. Moreover, I examine the shifting agency of this Smelroren collection as a result of its mobility, after Schörgendorfer donated the lithics to Heraklion Museum. The discussion is framed by consideration of the changing meanings regarding another displaced collection of Cretan pottery sherds, which the archaeologist loaned to the University of Graz. It is suggested that the two collections be ultimately perceived as assemblages of affective memory objects, with the intent to engage public opinion on the interaction between archaeology and politics as well as to contribute to memory negotiation of World War II microhistories in the twenty‐first century.
Fibrosarcoma with sarcomatosis and metastasis in a FeLV‐negative cat
Authors: White Mary E. , Yang Ching , Hokamp Jessica A. , Wellman Maxey L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA 6‐year‐old, spayed female, mixed shorthair cat presented to the emergency service at The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center for evaluation of hypercalcemia, a right eye mass, and multiple intrathoracic and intra‐abdominal masses. Cytologic evaluation of one of the abdominal masses revealed a uniform population of large, anaplastic mesenchymal cells found individually, in loose aggregates, and occasionally associated with pink, extracellular matrix. The cytology was consistent with a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm, with primary consideration given to fibrosarcoma and hemangiosarcoma. The cat was euthanized and histopathology confirmed disseminated fibrosarcoma. Fibrosarcoma comprises 12%‐41% of feline cutaneous tumors and affects cats at a mean age of 9.6 years. Three manifestations of fibrosarcoma predominate in cats: spontaneous solitary fibrosarcoma, vaccine‐induced/injection site fibrosarcoma, and oncogene‐induced (FSV) fibrosarcoma. The history, signalment, and results from diagnostics performed did not support solitary fibrosarcoma or injection‐induced sarcoma. Although some criteria fit with virally induced fibrosarcoma, such as age and the presence of multiple fibrosarcomas, the neoplastic population was negative for FeLV IHC. The presence of fibrosarcomas throughout the pleural and peritoneal cavity was most compatible with sarcomatosis and the distant metastasis of an unidentified primary neoplasm. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first reported case of sarcomatosis in a FeLV‐negative cat.
The Impact of the Electronic Health Record on Moving New Evidence‐Based Nursing Practices Forward
Authors: Chipps Esther , Tucker Sharon , Labardee Ruth , Thomas Bindu , Weber Michele , Gallagher‐Ford Lynn , Melnyk Bernadette Mazurek 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAnecdotal reports from across the country highlight the fact that nurses are facing major challenges in moving new evidence‐based practice (EBP) initiatives into the electronic health record (EHR).PurposeThe purpose of this study was to: (a) learn current processes for embedding EBP into EHRs, (b) uncover facilitators and barriers associated with rapid movement of new evidence‐based nursing practices into the EHR and (c) identify strategies and processes that have been successfully implemented in healthcare organizations across the nation.MethodsA qualitative study design was utilized. Purposive sampling was used to recruit nurses from across the country (N = 29). Nine focus group sessions were conducted. Semistructured interview questions were developed. Focus groups were conducted by video and audio conferencing. Using an inductive approach, each transcript was read and initial codes were generated resulting in major themes and subthemes.ResultsFive major themes were identified: (a) barriers to advancing EBP secondary to the EHR, (b) organizational structure and governing processes of the EHR, (c) current processes for prioritization of EHR changes, (d) impact on ability of clinicians to implement EBP and (e) wait times and delays.Linking Evidence to ActionDelays in moving new EBP practice changes into the EHR are significant. These delays are sources of frustration and job dissatisfaction. Our results underscore the importance of a priori planning for anticipated changes and building expected delays into the timeline for EBP projects. Moreover, nurse executives must advocate for greater representation of nursing within informatics technology governance structures and additional resources to hire nurse informaticians.
The implementation and effectiveness of the one stop centre model for intimate partner and sexual violence in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review of barriers and enablers
Authors: Olson Rose McKeon , García-Moreno Claudia , Colombini Manuela 
Published: March 2020

IntroductionMany low- and middle-income countries have implemented health-system based one stop centres to respond to intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence. Despite its growing popularity in low- and middle-income countries and among donors, no studies have systematically reviewed the one stop centre. Using a thematic synthesis approach, this systematic review aims to identify enablers and barriers to implementation of the one stop centre (OSC) model and to achieving its intended results for women survivors of violence in low- and middle-income countries.MethodsWe searched PubMed, CINAHL and Embase databases and grey literature using a predetermined search strategy to identify all relevant qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods studies. Overall, 42 studies were included from 24 low- and middle-income countries. We used a three-stage thematic synthesis methodology to synthesise the qualitative evidence, and we used the CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research) approach to assess confidence in the qualitative research. Meta-analysis could not be performed due heterogeneity in results and outcome measures. Quantitative data are presented by individual study characteristics and outcomes, and key findings are incorporated into the qualitative thematic framework.ResultsThe review found 15 barriers with high-confidence evidence and identified seven enablers with moderate-confidence evidence. These include barriers to implementation such as lack of multisectoral staff and private consultation space as well as barriers to achieving the intended result of multisectoral coordination due to fragmented services and unclear responsibilities of implementing partners. There were also differences between enablers and barriers of various OSC models such as the hospital-based OSC, the stand-alone OSC and the NGO-run OSC.ConclusionThis review demonstrates that there are several barriers that have often prevented the OSC model from being implemented as designed and achieving the intended result of providing high quality, accessible, acceptable, multisectoral care. Existing OSCs will likely require strategic investment to address these specific barriers before they can achieve their ultimate goal of reducing survivor retraumatisation when seeking care. More rigorous and systematic evaluation of the OSC model is needed to better understand whether the OSC model of care is improving support for survivors of IPV and sexual violence.The systematic review protocol was registered and is available online (PROSPERO: CRD42018083988).
Neonatal neuroimaging after repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome
Authors: Gunn-Charlton Julia Kate , Burnett Alice C , Malarbi Stephanie , Moran Margaret M , Hutchinson Esther A , Greaves Susan , Hunt Rod W 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivePrevious outcome reports of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have described neuroimaging anomalies and neurodevelopmental impairment. However, the link between imaging and outcome has not been described. We aimed to determine whether routine postoperative neonatal neuroimaging in infants with CDH detects later neurodevelopmental impairment.MethodsIn a prospective cohort study within a clinical service in The Royal Children’s Hospital Newborn Intensive Care. Cerebral ultrasound was performed in 81 children and MRI in 57 children who subsequently underwent neurodevelopmental follow-up after surgery for CDH. MRI scans were analyzed using a scoring system designed to identify injury, maturation and volume loss. Neurodevelopmental assessment occurred at 2 years (48) and neurocognitive assessment at 5 years (26) and/or 8 years (27). Brain imaging scores corrected for gestational age at scan time were correlated with outcome measures, adjusting for known clinical confounders.ResultsClinically significant findings were identified on MRI of 16 (28%) infants. Mean scores were in the normal range for all domains assessed at each age. Language impairment was seen in 23% at 2 years and verbal intellectual impairment in 25% at 8 years. Mean cognitive scores were lower in 2-year-old children with white matter injury on MRI (p=0.03). Mean motor scores were lower in 2-year-old children with brain immaturity (p=0.01). Associations between MRI and 5-year and 8-year assessments were no longer significant when adjusting for known clinical confounders.ConclusionsNeuroimaging abnormalities were associated with worse neurodevelopment at 2 years, but not with later neurocognitive outcomes, after accounting for clinical risk factors.
Postoperative adhesions after abdominal surgery in children: a pilot study in the Philippines
Authors: Deogracias Jan Miguel C , Almonte Josefina R 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundPostoperative adhesions (POAs) causing mechanical bowel obstruction is a challenging problem for children who underwent prior abdominal surgeries. Unlike in adults, the role of conservative management remains controversial and children tend to require re-operation. However, despite the longer lifetime risk inherent to the pediatric population, studies are still lacking to come up with guidelines on diagnosis and management. This study aimed to review the profiles and outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for POA and to identify significant risk factors.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of 172 patients admitted at the Philippine General Hospital from 2010 to 2018 with the diagnosis of POA. Patients who did not undergo surgery and patients who had a different cause of bowel obstruction with the adhesions being only incidental were excluded from the study.ResultsNinety-one patients were included in the study. The mean age at surgery was 92.32 months and the male:female ratio was 2.8:1. The most common primary diagnoses were appendicitis, intussusception, and abdominal trauma. POA occurred within the first postoperative year in 63%. The 30-day morbidity and mortality rates were 9.89% and 7.69%, respectively. The most common complications were fascial and anastomotic dehiscences, and sepsis was the most common cause of death. Stoma creation during the index operation, and the presence of bowel gangrene, intestinal resection, and stoma creation during the surgery for POA were statistically significant risk factors for morbidity and mortality.ConclusionThe findings in this study support the experience in literature that timely operative intervention can prevent bowel strangulation in cases of mechanical bowel obstruction from POA. However, more data and studies are recommended to arrive at an evidence-based guideline in the management of these children.
On Hamiltonians for Kerov functions
Authors: Mironov A. , Morozov A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractKerov Hamiltonians are defined as a set of commuting operators which have Kerov functions as common eigenfunctions. In the particular case of Macdonald polynomials, well known are the exponential Ruijsenaars Hamiltonians, but the exponential shape is not preserved in lifting to the Kerov level. Straightforwardly lifted is a bilinear expansion in Schur polynomials, the expansion coefficients being factorized and restricted to single-hook diagrams. However, beyond the Macdonald locus, the coefficients do not celebrate these properties, even for the simplest Hamiltonian in the set. The coefficients are easily expressed in terms of the eigenvalues: one can build one for each arbitrary set of eigenvalues$$\{E_R\}$${ER}, specified independently for each Young diagramsR. A problem with these Hamiltonians is that they are constructed with the help of Kostka matrix instead of defining it, and thus are less powerful than the Ruijsenaars ones.