bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An appraisal of highest quality studies reporting malignant transformation of oral lichen planus based on a systematic review
Authors: González‐Moles Miguel Ángel , Ramos‐García Pablo , Warnakulasuriya Saman 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe present a critical review of the papers published in the international scientific literature on malignant transformation of oral lichen planus (OLP). Our aim is to report the most realistic estimate of the proportion of OLP cases with malignant transformation based on the highest quality of evidence.Materials and MethodsFollowing a literature search, we selected 89 papers that were published on this topic until November 2020. We applied to these papers an adaptation of the methodological quality criteria of the QUIPS tool and we ordered all of them according to their methodological quality. The papers that were in the upper quartile of methodological quality (10 papers) were selected and analyzed.ResultsThe pooled proportion (expressed as percentage) of malignant transformation of OLP reported in these high methodological quality papers was 2.28% (95% confidence intervals = 1.49–3.20).ConclusionsWe observe that the proportion of malignancy is higher in research carried out under strict methodological quality criteria. In this critical review, we propose criteria for conducting follow‐up studies on OLP to report on malignant transformation under strict quality standards.
Excision margin of T3 basal cell carcinoma in maxillofacial area: A retrospective cohort study of Asians
Authors: Sheng Surui , Qi Shuqun , Pan Jian , Qin Xingjun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesBasal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer worldwide. Surgical excision is considered as the mainstay of treatment, while the evidence of excision margin in advanced stage is lacking, especially in maxillofacial area.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a 2‐center retrospective cohort study. Disease‐free survival rate was estimated for 116 Asian patients with T3 basal cell carcinoma in maxillofacial area who received stand surgical excision with margin of 3–5 mm (Group A), 6–9 mm (Group B), and 10–15 mm (Group C).ResultsFor the entire cohort, five‐year disease‐free survival rates of Groups A, B, and C were 82.1%, 93.5%, and 92.4%, respectively. When compared with Group B, Group A was correlated with lower disease‐free survival rate (HR 5.48, p = .04), and Group C was not associated with different disease‐free survival rate (HR 0.85, p = .62). Perineural invasion (p = .006) and pathologic subtypes of infiltrative basal cell carcinoma (p = .01) were independent prognosticator for disease‐free survival rate.ConclusionsThis multicenter cohort study validated that T3 basal cell carcinoma Asian patients of maxillofacial area treated with excision margin of 6–9 mm had a substantial benefit of disease‐free survival rate and skin conservation.
Osteonecrosis of the jaw risk factors in bisphosphonate‐treated patients with metastatic cancer
Authors: Van Poznak Catherine , Reynolds Evan L. , Estilo Cherry L. , Hu Mimi , Schneider Bryan Paul , Hertz Daniel L. , Gersch Christina , Thibert Jacklyn , Thomas Dafydd , Banerjee Mousumi , Rae James M. , Hayes Daniel F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundA case–control study was performed to define clinical and genetic risk factors associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with metastatic cancer treated with bisphosphonates.MethodsClinical data and tissues were collected from patients treated with bisphosphonates for metastatic bone disease who were diagnosed with osteonecrosis of the jaw (cases) and matched controls. Clinical data included patient, behavioral, disease, and treatment information. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C8 (rs1934951) and other candidate genes were genotyped. Odds ratios from conditional logistic regression models were examined to identify clinical and genetic characteristics associated with case or control status.ResultsThe study population consisted of 76 cases and 126 controls. In the final multivariable clinical model, patients with osteonecrosis of the jaw were less likely to have received pamidronate than zoledronic acid (odds ratio = 0.18, 95% Confidence interval: 0.03–0.97, p = .047) and more likely to have been exposed to bevacizumab (OR = 5.15, 95% CI: 1.67–15.95, p = .005). The exploratory genetic analyses suggested a protective effect for VEGFC rs2333496 and risk effects for VEGFC rs7664413 and PPARG rs1152003.ConclusionsWe observed patients with ONJ were more likely to have been exposed to bevacizumab and zoledronic and identified potential genetic predictors that require validation prior to clinical translation.
Comparison of Interlaminar and Transforaminal Approaches for Treatment of L5/S1 Disc Herniation by Percutaneous Endoscopic Discectomy
Authors: Gao Aiguo , Yang Huilin , Zhu Liyan , Hu Zhangjie , Lu Binbin , Jin Qi , Wang Ye , Gu Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID) and percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) in treating L5/S1 disc herniation.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 76 patients with L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation was performed. There were two surgical treatment groups: one with patients receiving PEID and the other with patients receiving PETD. The two groups were compared by length of surgery, times of intraoperative X‐ray exposure, postoperative time in bed, length of hospital stay, operative complications, patient's assessment of pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and disability using the Oswestry disability index (ODI) before and after surgery.ResultsSubjects in the PEID group were in surgery for 60.90 ± 13.11 min and needed intraoperative X‐ray exposure 4.10 ± 1.09 times. Patients in this group were ambulatory by 7.52 ± 1.08 h after surgery and were hospitalized for 5.05 ± 0.92 days. In contrast, patients in the PETD group were in surgery for 84.06 ± 15.58 min and needed intraoperative X ray exposure 12.81 ± 8.46 times. These patients were ambulatory by 7.06 ± 0.91 h after surgery and remained in the hospital for 4.94 ± 0.80 days. Based on these data, operation time and fluoroscopy time were significantly less (P < 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively) for subjects in the PEID group. However, ambulatory time and hospitalization were similar for both in terms of pain relief and decreased disability, and subjects in both groups responded well to the surgery and showed a significant decrease in both VAS and ODI scores at their 1‐year follow‐up (P < 0.01). Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences between the two surgeries in terms of pain relief and decrease in disability.ConclusionFor L5/S1 disc herniation, PEID and PETD provide similar results for patients. However, PEID has the advantage over PETD in that it is a shorter procedure and exposes the patient to less radiation.Keywords
Multiple Fractures of Cervical Vertebrae Combined with Arcuate Foramen and Vertebral Artery Occlusion: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Wang Wei‐hao , Liu Zhao‐yong , Guo Huan‐cheng , Wang Hu 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe arcuate foramen is a complete or partial bony bridge over the vertebral artery groove of atlas. The mechanism of the arcuate foramen is not clearly understood. Omission of the arcuate foramen sometimes causes lethal iatrogenic injury during spinal surgery.Case PresentationWe describe a patient who was diagnosed with multiple fractures of the cervical vertebrae, arcuate foramen, and right vertebral artery occlusion based on clinical and radiological exams. After conservative treatment, he resumed a normal and productive life.ConclusionsArcuate foramen is a common variation that causes symptoms such as dizziness, headache, and migraine. If the patient does not develop severe symptoms, conservative treatment can achieve very good results without the necessity to remove the bone bridge. When serious symptoms occur, surgical treatment to resect the bony ridges can relieve the symptoms dramatically.
10 kHz Spinal Cord Stimulation for the Treatment of Failed Back Surgery Syndrome with Predominant Leg Pain: Results from a Prospective Study in Patients from the Dutch Healthcare System
Authors: Kallewaard Jan Willem , Gültuna Ismail , Hoffmann Vincent , Elzinga Lars , Munnikes Renate , Verbrugge Lisette , Minne Veerle , Reiters Pascalle , Subbaroyan Jeyakumar , Santos Angela , Rotte Anand , Caraway David 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionPersistent back/and or leg pain is a common outcome after spinal surgery (otherwise known as failed back surgery syndrome [FBSS]). Studies have shown that spinal cord stimulation (SCS) at 10 kHz provides effective analgesia in FBSS patients with both back and leg pain symptoms and in those with predominant back pain. This study is the first to evaluate the therapy in FBSS patients with predominant leg pain.MethodsThe safety and efficacy of 10 kHz SCS was evaluated in an uncontrolled, open‐label, prospective study of FBSS patients with predominant leg pain in the Netherlands. Follow‐ups were performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post implantation.ResultsSixty out of 68 patients (88%) experienced sufficient pain relief during a stimulation trial. Of these, 58 proceeded to permanent implantation of a 10 kHz SCS system. After 12 months of treatment, 80% of patients experienced ≥ 50% reduction in baseline leg pain, and a similar proportion (76%) experienced ≥ 50% reduction in baseline back pain. At least two‐thirds of patients were also leg pain and back pain remitters (visual analog scale [VAS] ≤ 2.5 cm). The therapy was also associated with a general improvement in patients’ quality of life, as measured by secondary outcomes including disability, perception of health improvement, mental well‐being, and satisfaction. A positive impact on opioid consumption was also observed.ConclusionsConsistent with previous findings, 10 kHz SCS for the treatment of FBSS patients with predominant radicular symptoms is safe and effective and is associated with improved quality of life.
Effectiveness of Epiduroscopy for Patients with Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Geudeke Matthijs W. , Krediet Annelot C. , Bilecen Süleyman , Huygen Frank J.P.M. , Rijsdijk Mienke 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionLow‐back or leg pain in patients suffering from failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is often severe, having a major impact on functionality and quality of life. Despite conservative and surgical treatments, pain can be persistent. An alternative treatment option is epiduroscopy, a minimally invasive procedure based on mechanical adhesiolysis of epidural fibrosis. As epidural fibrosis is speculated to be a major contributor in the pathophysiologic process of FBSS, this review evaluates the effectiveness of epiduroscopy in FBSS patients.Methods and materialsA systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Critical appraisal was performed using validated tools. Meta‐analysis was performed using generic inverse variance analysis.ResultsFrom the 286 identified articles, nine studies were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) average was 7.6 at baseline, 4.5 at 6, and 4.3 at 12 months. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) average was 61.7% at baseline, 42.8% at 6, and 46.9% at 12 months. An average of 49% of patients experienced significant pain relief at 6 and 37% at 12 months. Meta‐analysis showed a pooled VAS mean difference of 3.4 (2.6 to 4.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 2.8 (1.6 to 4.0; 95% CI) and pooled ODI mean difference of 19.4% (12.5 to 26.4%; 95% CI) and 19.8% (13.8 to 25.9%; 95% CI) at 6 and 12 months, respectively.ConclusionCurrent literature demonstrates a clinically relevant reduction in pain and disability scores at 6 to 12 months after mechanical adhesiolysis in FBSS patients. The quality of evidence is moderate, and the level of recommendation is weak. Practitioners should consider the benefits of epiduroscopy after weighing the risks for individual patients with FBSS.
Recurrent angioedema in childhood: hereditary angioedema or histaminergic angioedema?
Authors: Ocak Melike , Nain Ercan , Şahiner Ümit Murat , Akin Mustafa Şenol , Karabiber Esra , Şekerel Bülent Enis , Soyer Özge 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent angioedema is a rare entity during childhood. This study aimed to clarify differences between hereditary angioedema (HAE) and histaminergic angioedema (HA) in children.MethodsFifty‐seven children with HAE (male 36.8%, 8.9 years [5.4‐12.5]) and 42 children with recurrent HA (male 42.9%, 11.5 years [8.1‐16.8]) were analyzed.ResultsThe median age at symptom onset (6 [3‐10]; 7.8 [4.5‐13] years), frequency of angioedema episodes within last year (3 [2‐5]; 5 [2‐10]), and duration of symptoms (48 [24‐48]; 24 [12‐48] hours) were similar in the HAE and HA group, respectively. Recurrent urticaria was observed in 7.3% (n = 3) of patients in the HAE group and in 45.2% (n = 19) of the HA group (P < .001). While angioedema episodes involving the lips (n = 30; 71.4%; P = .035) and eyelids (n = 28; 66.7%; P = .012) were observed more frequently in the HA group, gastrointestinal involvement/abdominal pain (n = 15; 36.6%) was more common in HAE (P < .001). Itching as a prodromal symptom was detected in 47.6% (n = 20) of HA patients versus 14.6% (n = 6) of those with HAE (P = .002). In the logistic regression analysis for the diagnosis of HAE, a family history of angioedema (OR = 58.289 [95% CI 10.656‐318.853], P < 001) and trauma (OR = 35.208 [95% CI [4.368‐283.794]], P = .001) as a triggering factor were determined to be independent variables.ConclusionA family history of angioedema, trauma as a triggering factor, and abdominal pain should suggest the diagnosis of HAE and the need for further investigation.
An infant with localized vasoconstriction following topical propranolol exposure for infantile hemangioma
Authors: Saerens Julie , Gutermuth Jan , Janmohamed Sherief R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe describe a 3‐month‐old child with an infantile hemangioma on the forehead with a blanched macule provoked by topical treatment with propranolol. This observation demonstrates that topically applied (non‐selective) beta‐blockers may induce blanched macules at the site of application, a side effect due to peripheral vasoconstriction of blood vessels by non‐selective beta‐2 blockade. This side effect was linked due to overuse and was reversible. This case illustrates the importance of providing thorough instructions regarding topical propranolol application.
Is ibuprofen superior to indomethacin for patent ductus arteriosus in Japanese preterm infants?
Authors: Matsumura Shun , Masutani Satoshi , Oshima Ayumi , Kanai Masayo , Namba Fumihiko , Ishiguro Akio , Kabe Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany clinical trials have indicated that ibuprofen (IBU) has similar effects to indomethacin (IND) on the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with fewer adverse effects. Owing to the scarce evidence on IBU use in Japan because of its recent approval we performed this observational study to compare the efficacy and safety of IBU with the efficiency and safety of IND.MethodsWe included infants (gestational age < 30 weeks) with hemodynamically significant PDA under a prophylactic IND protocol for intraventricular hemorrhage who were treated with either IND (n = 30) or IBU (n = 30). We compared a PDA closing effect, changes in ultrasonography findings, and adverse effects between the groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the rates of PDA closure in the first treatment course (IND vs IBU: 46.7% vs 50.0%, P = 0.796) and surgical closure (IND vs IBU: 20.0% vs 20.0%, P = 1.000) between the groups. Both groups showed significant oliguria (IND vs IBU: 30.0% vs 23.3%, P = 0.559) and increased serum creatinine levels after treatment. However, an increase in serum creatinine level by >0.3 mg/dL, a criterion for acute kidney injury, was less frequent in the IBU group (35.7%) compared with that in the IND group (84.2%, P = 0.004). There were no significant differences in echocardiographic changes and jaundice and hypoglycemia incidence rates between the groups.ConclusionsExcept for an increase in serum creatinine levels by >0.3 mg/dL, which was less frequent with IBU, IBU had similar efficacy and safety as IND for preterm PDA. Ibuprofen and IND should be cautiously administered.
Emotion context insensitivity in depression: Toward an integrated and contextualized approach
Authors: Bylsma Lauren M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by pervasive mood disturbance as well as deficits in emotional processing, reactivity, and regulation. There is accumulating evidence that MDD is characterized by emotional patterns consistent with environmental disengagement, as reflected in attenuated positive and negative emotional reactivity, consistent with Emotion Context Insensitivity (ECI) theory. However, MDD individuals vary considerably in the extent to which they exhibit specific alterations in patterns of emotional responding. Emotions are complex, multicomponent processes that invoke responses across multiple functional domains and levels of analysis, including subjective experience, behavior, autonomic regulation, cognition, and neural processing. In this article, I review the current state of the literature on emotional responding and MDD from the lens of ECI. I focus on the importance of assessing emotional indices from multiple levels of analysis across development and contexts. I also discuss methodological and measurement issues that may contribute to inconsistent findings. In particular, I emphasize how psychophysiological measures can help elucidate emotional processes that underlie the pathophysiology of MDD as part of an integrated and contextualized approach.
Optimal Control of False Discovery Criteria in the Two-Group Model
Authors: Heller Ruth , Rosset Saharon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe highly influential two-group model in testing a large number of statistical hypotheses assumes that the test statistics are drawn independently from a mixture of a high probability null distribution and a low probability alternative. Optimal control of the marginal false discovery rate (mFDR), in the sense that it provides maximal power (expected true discoveries) subject to mFDR control, is known to be achieved by thresholding the local false discovery rate (locFDR), the probability of the hypothesis being null given the set of test statistics, with a fixed threshold. We address the challenge of controlling optimally the popular false discovery rate (FDR) or positive FDR (pFDR) in the general two-group model, which also allows for dependence between the test statistics. These criteria are less conservative than the mFDR criterion, so they make more rejections in expectation. We derive their optimal multiple testing (OMT) policies, which turn out to be thresholding the locFDR with a threshold that is a function of the entire set of statistics. We develop an efficient algorithm for finding these policies, and use it for problems with thousands of hypotheses. We illustrate these procedures on gene expression studies.
Event‐Predictive Cognition: A Root for Conceptual Human Thought
Authors: Butz Martin V. , Achimova Asya , Bilkey David , Knott Alistair 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOur minds navigate a continuous stream of sensorimotor experiences, selectively compressing them into events. Event‐predictive encodings and processing abilities have evolved because they mirror interactions between agents and objects—and the pursuance or avoidance of critical interactions lies at the heart of survival and reproduction. However, it appears that these abilities have evolved not only to pursue live‐enhancing events and to avoid threatening events, but also to distinguish food sources, to produce and to use tools, to cooperate, and to communicate. They may have even set the stage for the formation of larger societies and the development of cultural identities. Research on event‐predictive cognition investigates how events and conceptualizations thereof are learned, structured, and processed dynamically. It suggests that event‐predictive encodings and processes optimally mediate between sensorimotor processes and language. On the one hand, they enable us to perceive and control physical interactions with our world in a highly adaptive, versatile, goal‐directed manner. On the other hand, they allow us to coordinate complex social interactions and, in particular, to comprehend and produce language. Event‐predictive learning segments sensorimotor experiences into event‐predictive encodings. Once first encodings are formed, the mind learns progressively higher order compositional structures, which allow reflecting on the past, reasoning, and planning on multiple levels of abstraction. We conclude that human conceptual thought may be grounded in the principles of event‐predictive cognition constituting its root.
Gentamicin plasma concentrations in hospitalized horses and retrospective minimal inhibitory concentrations of gram‐negative equine pathogens
Authors: Schoster Angelika , Amsler Morena , Kirchgaessner Constanze , Saleh Lanja , Schwarzwald Colin , Schmitt Sarah 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe optimal dosage regimen of gentamicin in horses is still under investigation. The objectives of this study were to determine gentamicin plasma concentrations in hospitalized horses treated with 10 mg/kg gentamicin (IV, q 24 h) and to determine whether a plasma concentration to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio of 10:1 is reached for equine pathogens using this dose.DesignProspective clinical observational study; retrospective study on MICs of 131 gram‐negative bacteria isolated from horses (2012–2015).SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsNinety‐eight horses >6 months old, treated with gentamicin for their primary disease, consecutive samples.Measurements and main resultsPlasma concentrations were measured 1 hour (C1h) and 20 hours (C20h) after gentamicin administration using fluorescence polarization. Presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and azotemia was recorded, as well as the reason for antimicrobial administration (primary disease) and whether administration was prophylactic or therapeutic. The target C1hof ≥20 µg/mL gentamicin was reached in 90% of horses and was sufficient to reach a plasma concentration:MIC of 10:1 in 32 of 131 (24%) of gram‐negative aerobic bacteria. A C20h≤ 2 µg/mL was reached in 97% horses. Therapeutic versus prophylactic administration, primary disease, azotemia, and systemic inflammatory response syndrome were not associated with a failure to reach a desired peak or trough.ConclusionsThe gentamicin dose of 10 mg/kg every 24 hours should be further investigated and safety assessed because a target gentamicin plasma concentration of ≥20 µg/mL was achieved in the majority of cases. Nephrotoxic side effects were not assessed. Individual drug monitoring should be performed because clinical factors are unreliable predictors of plasma concentrations. A gentamicin target concentration of ≥40 µg/mL does not offer additional benefits compared to ≥20 µg/mL, due to the bimodal distribution of resistance in bacterial isolates.