bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of HIV self-testing among female sex workers in China: implications for expanding HIV screening
Authors: Wang Cheng , Wang Ya-Jie , Tucker Joseph D. , Xiong Ming-Zhou , Fu Hong-Yun , Smith M. Kumi , Tang Wei-Ming , Ong Jason J. , Zheng He-Ping , Yang Bin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing may help improve test uptake among female sex workers. China has implemented many HIV self-testing programs among men who have sex with men, creating an opportunity for promotion among female sex workers. However, there is a limited literature on examining HIV self-testing among female sex workers. This study aimed to examine HIV self-testing experiences and its determinants among female sex workers in China.

Methods
A venue-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among Chinese female sex workers in 2019. Participants completed a survey including social-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, and HIV self-testing history, the distribution of which were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify associations with HIV self-testing.

Results
Among 1287 Chinese female sex workers, 1072 (83.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 81.2–85.3%) had ever tested for HIV, and 103 (8.0%, 95% CI 6.6–9.6%) had ever used HIV self-testing. More than half reported that the self-test was their first HIV test (59.2%, 61/103), around one-fifth reported HIV self-testing results influenced the price of sex (21.4%, 22/103). A minority of individuals reported ever experiencing pressure to undertake HIV self-testing (6.8%, 7/103). After adjusting for covariates, HIV self-testing was positively associated with receiving anal sex in the past month (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.2, 95% CI 1.4–3.5), using drugs before or during sex (aOR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.8–4.5), injecting drugs in the past 6 months (aOR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.2–6.0), being diagnosed with other sexually transmitted infections (aOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.0–2.5), tested for other sexually transmitted infections in the past six months (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.1–5.5), ever tested in the hospital (aOR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.0–5.6), and ever tested in the community (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.9).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that HIV self-testing could expand overall HIV testing uptake, increase HIV testing frequency, reach sub-groups of high-risk female sex workers and has limited potential harms among female sex workers. HIV self-testing should be incorporated among Chinese female sex workers as a complement to facility-based HIV testing services.
Sustainable rehabilitation of neglected and marginal landscapes: the San Lorenzo valley in Sardinia
Authors: Pittaluga Paola , Spanedda Francesco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper describes a proposal for the sustainable rehabilitation of a neglected and marginal fluvial landscape. It situates the experience into a broader debate about sustainability and spatial design, and then draws from it some general conclusion. The study subject is a fluvial valley characterised by thirty-six mills, which once served the agriculture of the surroundings. The decline of water as power source let to the decline of the valley. The mills became eventually farms, houses, or were left empty. The proposal envisions multiple forms of interaction with the different contextual issues related to the context, turning the design of the water course in a way to cope with erosion and floods, to produce clean energy, and finally as attractor for tourism. The result is a series of integrated actions that offers new opportunities to the community, designing a new sustainable landscape drawing from the specific natural and historical aspects of the site. Every action is linked with one of the anthropic and natural factors that characterise the valley, or that can be beneficially introduced, so that the proposal can be further adjusted in accordance with the relative importance of each factor over time.
Association of ABI3 and PLCG2 missense variants with disease risk and neuropathology in Lewy body disease and progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Strickland Samantha L. , Morel Hélène , Prusinski Christian , Allen Mariet , Patel Tulsi A. , Carrasquillo Minerva M. , Conway Olivia J. , Lincoln Sarah J. , Reddy Joseph S. , Nguyen Thuy , Malphrus Kimberly G. , Soto Alexandra I. , Walton Ronald L. , Crook Julia E. , Murray Melissa E. , Boeve Bradley F. , Petersen Ronald C. , Lucas John A. , Ferman Tanis J. , Uitti Ryan J. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Ross Owen A. , Graff-Radford Neill R. , Dickson Dennis W. , Ertekin-Taner Nilüfer 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMissense variants ABI3_rs616338-T and PLCG2_rs72824905-G were previously associated with elevated or reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), respectively. Despite reports of associations with other neurodegenerative diseases, there are few studies of these variants in purely neuropathologically diagnosed cohorts. Further, the effect of these mutations on neurodegenerative disease pathologies is unknown. In this study, we tested the effects of ABI3_rs616338-T and PLCG2_rs72824905-G on disease risk in autopsy cohorts comprised of 973 patients diagnosed neuropathologically with Lewy body disease (LBD-NP) and 1040 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), compared to 3351 controls. LBD-NP patients were further categorized as high, intermediate and low likelihood of clinical dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB-CL) based on DLB Consortium criteria. We also tested for association with both Braak neurofibrillary tau tangle (nTotal = 2008, nPSP = 1037, nLBD-NP = 971) and Thal phase amyloid plaque scores (nTotal = 1786, nPSP = 1018, nLBD-NP = 768). Additionally, 841 PSP patients had quantitative tau neuropathology measures that were assessed for genetic associations. There was no statistically significant association with disease risk for either LBD-NP or PSP in our study. LBD intermediate category disease risk was significantly associated with ABI3_rs616338-T (OR = 2.65, 95% CI 1.46–4.83, p = 0.001). PLCG2_rs72824905-G was associated with lower Braak stage (ß = − 0.822, 95% CI − 1.439 to − 0.204, p = 0.009). This effect was more pronounced in the PSP (ß = − 0.995, 95% CI − 1.773 to − 0.218, p = 0.012) than LBD-NP patients (ß = − 0.292, 95% CI − 1.283 to 0.698, p = 0.563). PLCG2_rs72824905-G also showed association with reduced quantitative tau pathology for each lesion type and overall tau burden in PSP (ß = − 0.638, 95% CI − 1.139 to − 0.136, p = 0.013). These findings support a role for PLCG2_rs72824905-G in suppressing tau neuropathology. ABI3_rs616338-T may influence disease risk specifically in the LBD-NP intermediate category comprised of patients with diffuse neocortical or limbic LB, concurrently with moderate or high AD neuropathology, respectively. Our study provides a potential mechanism of action for the missense PLCG2 variant and suggests a differential disease risk effect for ABI3 in a distinct LBD-NP neuropathologic category.
Prescription opioid dispensing in Canada: an update on recent developments to 2018
Authors: Jones Wayne , Vojtila Lenka , Kurdyak Paul , Fischer Benedikt 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCanada has been home to comparatively extreme developments in prescription opioid (PO) availability and related harms (e.g. morbidity, mortality) post-2000. Following persistent pan-Canadian increases in PO use, select control measures were implemented and PO dispensing levels—while only inconsistently by province—inverted, and began to plateau or decrease post-2012. We examined annual PO dispensing levels in Canada up until 2018, based on representative prescription sample data from community-based retail pharmacies. Annual prescription-based dispensing data were converted into defined daily doses/1000 population/day by province, and mainly categorized into ‘weak’ and ‘strong’ opioids. All provinces indicated decreasing trends in strong PO levels in most recent years, yet with inter-provincial differences of up to one magnitude in 2018; in about half the provinces, dispensing fell to below-2005 levels. British Columbia had the largest decline in strong PO dispensing from its peak rate (− 48.5%) in 2011. Weak opioid dispensing trends remained more inconsistent and bifurcated across Canada. The distinct effects of individual—including many provincially initiated and governed—PO control measures urgently need to be evaluated. In the meantime, recent reductions in general PO availability across Canada appear to have contributed to shortages in opioid supply for existent, sizable (including non-medical) user populations and may have contributed to recent marked increases in illicit opioid use and harms (including rising deaths).
Textbook-assigned and self-selected topics of Iranian male EFL learners: topic interest, topic familiarity, topic importance, and topic difficulty
Authors: Shakourzadeh Latifeh , Izadpanah Siros 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn recent years, learner-centered teaching has emphasized the demand for making healthy environment where learners’ preferences, interests, personal experiences, cultural backgrounds and lifestyles are taken into account when making decisions about various characteristics of language learning/teaching The choice of topics, which are used in EFL discussion classes, is considered to play an important role in learners’ propensity to engage in a negotiation for meaning. This study was aimed to investigate the perception of Textbook-Assigned and Self-Selected Topics of Iranian male EFL Learners: topic interest, topic familiarity, topic importance, and topic difficulty based on correlational design. It was carried out with 200 male Intermediate EFL learners who were selected by convenience sampling. Although most teachers might be aware of the importance of a good assessment strategy on the topic interest and topic familiarity, rarely do they use it for topic importance and topic difficulty. The results of the study showed that Iranian male EFL learners mostly preferred the topics to be more interesting and familiar in both textbook-assigned (M = 3.1259, SD = .21553, Sig = .000) and self-selected topics (M = 4.0531, SD = .13334, Sig = .000). In addition, there was a significant difference between the learners’ perceptions of textbook-assigned and self-selected topics in terms of interest and familiarity, but less difference in terms of importance and difficulty. The findings of the study indicated that learners’ selection of their own topics can provide the potential implications for their willingness to participate in second and foreign language learning and take responsibility for their own learning process.
Do journals instruct authors to address sex and gender in psychological science?
Authors: Cavanaugh Courtenay , Abu Hussein Yara 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Sex and gender influence individuals’ psychology, but are often overlooked in psychological science. The sex and gender equity in research (SAGER) guidelines provide instruction for addressing sex and gender within five sections of a manuscript (i.e., title/abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion) (Heidari et al., Res Integr Peer Rev 1:1-9, 2016).

Methods
We examined whether the 89 journals published by the American Psychological Association provide explicit instruction for authors to address sex and gender within these five sections. Both authors reviewed the journal instructions to authors for the words “sex,” and “gender,” and noted explicit instruction pertaining to these five sections.

Results
Only 8 journals (9.0%) instructed authors to address sex/gender within the abstract, introduction, and/or methods sections. No journals instructed authors to address sex and gender in the results or discussion sections.

Conclusion
These journals could increase sex/gender equity and improve the reproducibility of psychological science by instructing authors to follow the SAGER guidelines.
Safeguarding and using global banana diversity: a holistic approach
Authors: Van den houwe Ines , Chase Rachel , Sardos Julie , Ruas Max , Kempenaers Els , Guignon Valentin , Massart Sebastien , Carpentier Sebastien , Panis Bart , Rouard Mathieu , Roux Nicolas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

The CGIAR genebank International
Musa
Germplasm Transit Centre (ITC) currently holds 1617 banana accessions from 38 countries as an in vitro collection, backed-up by a cryopreserved collection to safeguard global
Musa
diversity in perpetuity. The ITC also serves as a vital safety backup and transit centre for national banana genebanks and ensures that germplasm is clean of pests and diseases and freely available under the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. In more than 35 years of activity, the ITC has distributed over 18,000 banana accession samples to researchers and farmers in 113 countries. Ex situ conservation of vegetatively-propagated crops such as banana poses very particular challenges. Maintaining the ITC genebank is labor intense and costly. Efficiencies are sought through research and development of techniques on detecting viruses, the genetic integrity of accessions, and on innovative means of safeguarding banana diversity, such as conserving populations of wild species by seed banking. Although the conservation of global banana diversity is the main objective of the ITC, significant value comes from its holistic approach to better understand and promote its germplasm through numerous research activities and resources. Techniques for morphological and molecular characterization serve to identify and describe the collection, while also determining what gaps should be filled by collecting missions with national partners. The evaluation of desirable agronomic traits inherent in
Musa
spp. are investigated by a high-throughput phenotyping platform, which helps breeding programs to select cultivars resistant or tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Genomic and bioinformatic studies of several banana wild relatives greatly enhance our understanding of
Musa
genetic diversity, links to important phenotypic traits and bring new methods for management of the collection. Collectively, these research activities produce enormous amounts of data that require curation and dissemination to the public. The two information systems at the ITC,
Musa
Genebank Management System and the
Musa
Germplasm Information System, serve to manage the genebank activities and to make public germplasm-related data for over 30 banana collections worldwide, respectively. By implementing the 10-year workplan set out in the Global Strategy for the Conservation and Use of
Musa
Genetic Resources, the network MusaNet supports
Musa
researchers and stakeholders, including the ITC, and most importantly, links to the world’s banana-producing countries via three regional banana networks.
Delusional infestation: an interface with psychiatry
Authors: Waykar Vijayendra , Wourms Katherine , Tang Michael , Joseph Verghese 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYDelusional infestation (delusional parasitosis) is a relatively rare condition but it has been of interest to a wide range of professionals, including entomologists, zoologists and dermatologists, as patients predominantly seek help from specialties other than psychiatrists. The illness requires a multidisciplinary approach and a strong bond of trust between the treating clinician and the patient to ensure the best possible outcome. This article discusses how clinicians in all specialties should approach patients presenting with the disorder and outlines differential diagnosis and associated laboratory tests. It considers the evidence base for treatment and the success of psychodermatology clinics that provide a ‘neutral setting’ for consultation to address the problem of patients’ non-engagement. Such clinics are few, and there is a need to develop disease-specific pathways in primary care and hospital settings to improve prognosis.
Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of Ser852 and Ser889 control the clustering, localization and function of PAR3
Authors: Yamashita Kazunari , Mizuno Keiko , Furukawa Kana , Hirose Hiroko , Sakurai Natsuki , Masuda-Hirata Maki , Amano Yoshiko , Hirose Tomonori , Suzuki Atsushi , Ohno Shigeo 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Cell polarity is essential for various asymmetric cellular events, and the partitioning defective (PAR) protein PAR3 (encoded by PARD3 in mammals) plays a unique role as a cellular landmark to establish polarity. In epithelial cells, PAR3 localizes at the subapical border, such as the tight junction in vertebrates, and functions as an apical determinant. Although we know a great deal about the regulators of PAR3 localization, how PAR3 is concentrated and localized to a specific membrane domain remains an important question to be clarified. In this study, we demonstrate that ASPP2 (also known as TP53BP2), which controls PAR3 localization, links PAR3 and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). The ASPP2–PP1 complex dephosphorylates a novel phosphorylation site, Ser852, of PAR3. Furthermore, Ser852- or Ser889-unphosphorylatable PAR3 mutants form protein clusters, and ectopically localize to the lateral membrane. Concomitance of clustering and ectopic localization suggests that PAR3 localization is a consequence of local clustering. We also demonstrate that unphosphorylatable forms of PAR3 exhibited a low molecular turnover and failed to coordinate rapid reconstruction of the tight junction, supporting that both the phosphorylated and dephosphorylated states are essential for the functional integrity of PAR3.
Burnout among surgeons; depression, anxiety and stress between consultant versus post-graduate trainee
Authors: Khurshied Saleh , Hisam Aliya , Khurshid Nawal , Khurshid Madiha 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To compare depression, anxiety and stress between consultant and post-graduate trainee (PG-trainee) surgeons and to find the difference of different factors i.e. gender, marital status, physical activity, BMI, comorbidity and Income per month between the two.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of eight months duration from March 2018 to August 2018 was conducted in Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Convenient sampling technique was used. DASS 21 questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were entered and analysed by SPSS 22. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of participants was 37.44±10.512 years. Out of 68 participants, 54 (79.4%) were males and 14 (20.6%) were females. There was a significant difference between the consultants and PG trainees in terms of gender, marital status and income per month (p= <0.005) PG-trainees were more depressed and anxious but not stressed as compared to consultants (p= 0.014, 0.012 and 0.280 respectively).
Conclusions: There was a significant association in terms of gender, marital status and income per month between consultants and PG trainees. A statistically significant association was found between consultants and PG trainees concerning depression and anxiety showing PG trainees were more depressed and anxious.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.1415
How to cite this:Khurshied S, Hisam A, Khurshid N, Khurshid M. Burnout among surgeons; depression, anxiety and stress between consultant versus post-graduate trainee. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1745-1748. doi: https://doi.org/
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Lessons learnt in recruiting schoolchildren into a large asthma case-control study in urban Uganda
Authors: Namutebi Milly , Nnaluwooza Marble , Tumwesige Pius , Mukasa Mike , Apule Barbara , Onen Caroline , Katongole Tonny , Tumusiime Josephine , Akurut Hellen , Elliott Alison , Mpairwe Harriet 
Published: October 2020

Schools present an excellent opportunity for research among children and adolescents. We share our experiences and lessons learnt in enrolling schoolchildren into a large asthma case-control study from schools in urban Uganda, and make recommendations for best practices. Our key lessons were as follows: working closely with the school administration and teachers was vital in gaining timely access to parents of the schoolchildren; having a meeting with parents, within their children’s school premises, was a cost-effective way of reaching a wide audience of potential research participants with our message and an opportunity to seek their participation; allowing flexibility within our processes enabled us to fit our research activities within the school schedule, and with minimal disruptions; however, obtaining informed written consent from parents of children in the boarding section of school remained a challenge. In conclusion, conducting research in schools in Uganda is feasible and may be a cost-effective way to make the most of limited resources to remedy the research and data deficiencies among school-age children in sub-Saharan Africa.
Can olfactory training support improvement of cognitive functioning in patients with mild cognitive impairment?
Authors: Mydlikowska-Śmigórska Agnieszka , Śmigórski Krzysztof , Szcześniak Dorota , Rymaszewska Joanna 
Published: October 2020

Cel pracyZgodnie z niektórymi interpretacjami teoretycznymi efektów treningu węchowego, trening ten może pośrednio wpływać pozytywnie na funkcjonowanie poznawcze pacjentów z otępieniem typu alzheimerowskiego. Mechanizm działania w tym wypadku stanowi stymulacja krążenia mózgowego w obszarach mózgu, które są współdzielone przez procesy węchowe i pamięciowe. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest weryfikacja hipotezy, że trening węchowy poprawia funkcjonowanie pamięci i uwagi u pacjentów łagodnymi zaburzeniami poznawczymi.MetodaUkład typu „cross-over assignment” został użyty jako metoda interwencji. Uczestnicy z diagnozą łagodnych zaburzeń poznawczych (N=35; 17 mężczyzn i 18 kobiet) stanowili swoją własną grupę kontrolną. Podczas pierwszych 12 tygodni od czasu badania początkowego nie stosowano żadnych oddziaływań terapeutycznych. Pacjenci przeszli kontrolne badania neuropsychologiczne i wkroczyli w drugi etap badania. W tym etapie poddani zostali codziennemu treningowi sprawności węchowej, który obejmował dwie kilkuminutowe sesje dziennie, wykonywane przez następne 3 miesiące. Funkcjonowanie poznawcze pacjentów było mierzone w trzech punktach czasowych: na samym początku, po 3 miesiącach i po 6 miesiącach (od pomiaru początkowego). Użyto następujących skal do pomiaru sprawności pamięci i uwagi: ACE-III, CVLT i MMSE.WynikiUzyskano istotną statystycznie poprawę funkcjonowania pamięciowego, mierzoną za pomocą CVLT, MMSE, ACE-III: skala pamięci oraz ACE-III: wynik całkowity. Uznaje się je za artefakty związane z efektem uczenia się, nie za prawdziwe efekty treningu. Ponadto stwierdzono poprawę, na poziomie trendu, sprawności funkcjonowania uwagi mierzoną ACE-III: skala uwagi.WnioskiAutorzy dyskutują teoretyczne implikacje przeprowadzonego badania. Omawiają metodologiczne wyzwania związane z przyjętym planem badawczym oraz sugerują przyszłe kierunki badań.
Coronectomy: not just for Wisdom Teeth
Authors: Owen Brandon , Oliver Graham , Macey-Dare Lucy , Knepil Gregor 
Published: October 2020

Coronectomy is most commonly associated with the management of impacted lower third molars where complete removal poses a high risk of inferior alveolar nerve damage. However, coronectomy may be indicated for the management of other teeth with a significant risk of morbidity. A case of a LL6 extended coronectomy is presented. The aim was to prevent inferior alveolar nerve damage, and ensure adequate crown and root removal to facilitate orthodontic alignment of the teeth. Surgery was aided by cone beam CT, and a piezo-surgical technique. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This case demonstrates the novel application of a coronectomy to manage an infra-occluded lower left first molar, facilitating orthodontic treatment, where complete removal posed a high risk of inferior alveolar nerve damage.