bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Health Care Workers’ Knowledge about Integrated Management of Neonate and Child Health Program in Najaf Governorate/Iraq
Authors: Rasoul Hussian Nadhim , Farman Hassan Ali , Raheem Saad Saleem 
Published: December 2024

Background: Over 6 million children in the developing countries died due to avoidable illnesses, mostly pneumonia and diarrhea. The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) program was launched by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1992. This program aims to provide a comprehensive approach to managing the primary causes of illness and death in children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive research study was carried out in 26 healthcare centers located in 6 districts of Najaf governorate, using the method of simple random sampling. The research study included a group of 111 healthcare workers. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the IMNCH skills of healthcare workers. The data collection got started on December 31, 2023, and finished on March 31, 2024. Results: The study findings indicated a significant level of high knowledge among healthcare workers. Additionally, a statistically significant link was observed between the healthcare workers' place of residence and their knowledge (P=0.05), suggesting that individuals living in urban regions have higher levels of knowledge compared to those residing in rural areas. Conclusion: Healthcare workers showed a high level of knowledge regarding IMNCH information, and the knowledge was strongly related to the healthcare worker's residences place and years of experience.
Evaluation of Serum Levels of Uric acid and Bilirubin in Iraqi Patients with Rosacea
Authors: Al abdullah Mohammad J. , Al Hattab Mohammed , Abbas Zahraa Jameel 
Published: December 2024

Background: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects the face with no clear etiology. It is distinguished by prominent involvement of the central face with erythema that may be permanent or temporary, inflammatory pustules , papules and telangiectasia or connective tissue hyperplasia. The role of uric acid and bilirubin in the pathogenesis of rosacea is explained by two theories. The first one states that uric acid and bilirubin alleviate rosacea by their antioxidant effects, while the second one postulates that uric acid exacerbate rosacea by its proinflammatory effects. Aim of study: The purpose of this study is to evaluate serum levels of bilirubin and uric acid in patients with rosacea and compare them with control group. Methodology: This is a case-control study that included 80 subjects (40 patients and 40 controls) and was performed at Al Sader medical city/ dermatology outpatient clinic in Al Najaf city, from the 1st of January 2022 to the end of December 2022. Patients were recorded (age, sex, family history of rosacea), as well as clinical information (duration of illness, involvement sites, and rosacea subtypes). Blood samples were taken from all participants and the values of total bilirubin and uric acid were recorded. Results: The present study reported female predominance. Erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea was the most common type. Serum uric acid and bilirubin levels were significantly lower in the rosacea group than the control group. Conclusions: The study supports the hypothesis of antioxidant activity of uric acid and bilirubin and in contrast with the hypothesis of proinflammatory activity of uric acid.
Evaluation of Knowledge and Attitude toward Diabetes among Adolescents with Diabetes Mellitus attending Diabetes and Endocrine Center in Babylon Governorate/ Iraq
Authors: Jasim Haneen Mohammed , Hameed Huda Ghazi 
Published: December 2024

Background: Diabetes is a lifelong chronic condition that is becoming more common in both industrialized and developing countries. People who have diabetes are more likely than those who do not to experience a wide range of illnesses. Aim: to measure the knowledge and attitude among diabetic adolescents and find their relationship with socio-demographic features of patients, their families, clinical history, family history, and lifestyle features. Patient and methods: a Cross -sectional study carried out at a diabetic and endocrine center included 300 Adolescents aged 13–19 years who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus by clinicians and attended the center from October first, 2023, to February first, 2024. The questionnaire included: - Socio-demographic features of the participants and their families, Knowledge about Diseases, attitude of the patient toward disease, SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data and a P value≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: patients' mean knowledge and attitude scores were significantly higher for older age group patients, urban residence, higher level of education, older parents, family history of the disease, longer duration of disease and current smoking. (P< 0.05), high mean score of knowledge was found among those with retired fathers and older mothers. higher mean attitude score was found among engaged patients. Conclusion: The result of the present study showed about two-third of the participants had good knowledge scores while only half had good attitude score. older age, higher education, living in urban areas, lived with disease for more than 5 years, had a family history of disease and smoking are significant determinants of knowledge and attitude.
IL-35 and IL-10 Role in The Immune Response of Colorectal Cancer in Iraqi Patients
Authors: Muhammed Saja J. , Abdullah Ahmed Rushdi , Khalil Nawar Sahib 
Published: December 2024

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is presented in the colon and rectum (large intestine) and the disease is expanding worldwide, CRC ranks as the third most common cancer worldwide and cervical cancer is the fourth most common locally. It is strongly linked to bad lifestyle factors. The study of the immunosuppressive status of CRC patients through screening and laboratory tests is crucial and is one of the priorities now. The objective of this study is to assess the immune response to colorectal cancer by measuring the serum concentrations of IL-35 and IL-10. Methods: The study has been approved by the College of Medical Al-Iraqia University. 100 male and female patients from the medical city and Al-kadhimiya hospitals suffering from problems in the colon and rectum participated in this study, they donated 5 ml of their blood which lasted for five months (from Aug. 2023 until Jun. 2024). The participants were divided into 2 groups: the 1st one contained CRC patients, while the 2nd contained Colorectal problems other than CRC.ELISA tests for IL-35 and IL-10 serum level estimation were used. Demographic data such as age, gender, address, and medical history were collected from the study participants. Results: The serum levels of IL-35 and IL-10 in CRC patients showed significant differences (P<0.05) when compared with the control group. Conclusion: IL-35 and IL-10 significantly appeared as indicators for the immune suppressive status of CRC patients.
The Effect of siRNA Transfection on the ARID3A and ERIC3A Gene Expression in Various Cell Lines Invitro
Authors: Yassin Ayshan R. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Thousands of distinct long non-coding RNAs are encoded in the human genome, and it is becoming clear that these transcripts play a crucial role in controlling gene expression and cell destiny. However, the transcriptional control of their expression is not well understood. The long noncoding RNA E2f1-regulated inhibitor of cell death (ERICD) is essential for inducing both cell death and proliferation and is a critical downstream target of the tumor suppressor. However, E2F-dependent transcription is triggered by ARID3A's binding to the E2F transcription factor. Aim of the study: Detection of the expression level of ARID3A and ERICD by transfection of siRNA and comparison with normal and negative control. Material and methods: Osteosarcoma cells (U2OS) were performed for ERICD and ARID3A expression. Experiments including overexpression and knockdown of ARID3A and a knockdown of ERICD were conducted. Assays for colony development and migration were also carried out in U2OS. The siRNA was used for the inhibition of both ERICD and ARID3A in U2OS. Extraction of mRNA from U2OS then converting to cDNA by using random primer then qPCR was used for detection of bands. Results: This investigation demonstrated that is the indirect pathway through which ARID3A and ERICD interact. In addition, ERICD and ARID3A exhibit carcinogenic properties in osteosarcoma. The discovery of a unique interaction between the ERICD and ARID3A marks a significant advancement in the understanding of lncRNAs that target DNA-binding proteins. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of ARID3A and ERICD significantly decreased colony formation and hindered cell migration in U2OS. Conversely, overexpression of ARID3A verified a noteworthy enhancement in wound closure and heightened capacity of U2OS cells to form colonies. Conclusions: ARID3A and ERICD have roles in transcription factors for the expression of cancer cells. During the transfection of siRNA, both genes inhibited cancer cells. ERICD when compared with non-transfected normal cells showed a significant decrease in the level.
Neurobiology of Sweet Cravings: The Brain’s Reward System Response to Hedonic Eating
Authors: Rezaieg Nour Shakir 
Published: December 2024

Background: Energy homeostasis is not an easy algebraic sum of energy intake and energy spending, where it is a dynamic process affected by affects by the relation between energy expenditure and food intake. By complex nervous system including the hypothalamic centers and peripheral satiety system the energy homeostasis is controlled. Peripheral satiety mechanisms released peptides and hormones which in turn regulate metabolism or impacts on satiation. Sweet foods have high calories disrupts appetite regulation and induce the pleasure and reward system, so, it count to be an main source of stimulation that may leads to overeat and contribute to the evolution of the obesity. Sweet foods consume impact on hunger-satiety mechanism, assisting starting of consumption in absence of energy needs and keeping of feeding in spite of intake of huge food loads that risk homeostasis. consumption of too much amounts of sweet foods depend on mechanisms that advance behaviors addictive-like, and on bypassing the neuroendocrine cues that protect inner environment.
Evaluation of Some Haematological Inflammatory Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and its Relationship with Glycemic Control and Disease Complications
Authors: Ouda Ghsin Al-ban Adnan , Rasheed Suaad Mohammed H. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Haematological inflammatory indices is a cheap, available and practical laboratory markers reflect the inflammatory process. purpose: to investigate the association between some haematolgical indices and diabetes control and complications in Iraqi diabetic patients. Methods: In a case-control study, 78 patients with a documented history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were recruited and matched in regard to age and sex with 57 non diabetic volunteers. RBS, HbA1c and CBP were analyzed. Results: diabetic patients had higher but non-significant increments in platelets, absolute neutrophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and Platelets Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in comparison to controls. The mean platelets count was significant higher in patients with poor glycemic control in compared to patients with good glycemic control, (269.3 ± 16.53 vs. 206.33 ± 20.26) respectively, (P <0.001) while the NLR and PLR not associated with glycemic control. The studied hematological indices were associated but with no statistical significant with diabetic complications (P< 0.05). Conclusion: hematological parameters not associated with diabetes control or complications in Iraqi patients.
Evaluation of Health Care Workers’ Knowledge about Acute Flaccid Paralysis in Najaf City/Iraq
Authors: Jasim Hala J. , Hassan Naja H. 
Published: December 2024

Background: Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) is a severe clinical symptom that could have a variety of different causes. Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a clinical symptom characterized by the sudden onset of weakness or paralysis and decreased muscle tone (less periodic muscles of the respiratory tract). It occurs in 0.1–1% of infected cases and is the most frequent clinical manifestation of acute poliovirus infection[1]. Methods: A study of cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 18 primary healthcare centers located in 2 districts of Najaf city, using the method of simple random sampling technique. The research study includes 210 primary healthcare workers. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the acute flaccid paralysis knowledge of healthcare workers. Data collection from November 1, 2023, to the of February 31, 2024. Results: The study revealed a significant level of moderate knowledge among healthcare workers. Additionally, a statistically significant link was observed between the healthcare workers' levels of education and their knowledge (P < 0.00), Considering years of experience, the findings indicate that a greater proportion of healthcare workers (34%) with <1-5 years of experience had strong knowledge compared to those with other levels of experience , with a p-value of 0.005. Conclusion: Healthcare workers showed a moderate level of knowledge regarding Acute Flaccid Paralysis information, and the knowledge was strongly related to the healthcare worker's levels of education and years of experience.
PEREMPUAN YANG MERAYU PADI: RITUAL DAN GERAKAN MISTIS MENJAGA ALAM DI KOMUNITAS KARAMPUANG
Authors: Syamsurijal Syamsurijal 
Published: December 2024

Gerakan lingkungan seperti ekofeminisme dan deep ecology sedang mendapat kritikan menohok saat ini. Kelompok yang berseberangan menganggap gerakan tersebut mempertuhankan alam dan menisbikan peran manusia sebagai subjek atau khalifatullah di muka bumi. Anggapan kaum yang berseberangan dengan aktivis gerakan lingkungan tersebut rupanya tidak sesuai dengan praktik penjagaan alam yang dilakukan oleh Komunitas Karampuang Sinjai. Ritual alam yang dilakukan komunitas ini dengan memosisikan perempuan sebagai subjek pentingnya, tidaklah menempatkan alam sebagai segala-galanya hingga nyaris mempertuhankannya. Mereka hanya melihat alam sebagai subjek penting sejajar dan bahkan sejawat dengan manusia. Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran tentang pengetahuan komunitas lokal yang sarat dengan penjagaan terhadap alam. Selain itu tulisan ini juga diharapkan memperkukuh gerakan lingkungan di tengah serangan kaum antroposentris saat ini. Berbasis penelitian kualitatif dengan wawancara dan observasi sebagai cara mengumpulkan data, tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam masyarakat Karampuang masih terdapat beberapa ritual yang terkait dengan alam, misalnya mappitinro henne (menidurkan padi), sebuah ritual merayu padi agar memberikan kesuburan. Perempuan menjadi subjek penting dalam ritual tersebut. Di saat yang sama alam (tumbuh-tumbuhan dan hewan) dianggap sebagai subjek yang sama dan setara dengan manusia. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Komunitas Karampuang dengan alam terikat dalam satu ekosistem yang satu sama lain saling mendukung. Mereka secara terang menunjukkan alam bukanlah Tuhan, tetapi manusia juga tidaklah lebih dominan dari alam.
Junk Food Consumption and Obesity Risk Among Students at Benghazi University: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Saad Salima , Ahmed Elsherif Sara , Eltabouni Aya , Edbaish Buthina , Alkwafi Nosiba , Elzway Nour 
Published: December 2024

Consumption of junk food is an environmental factor linked to obesity and may heighten the risk of obesity-related diseases, representing a significant public health issue. The study aim is to clarify the association between junk food consumption and obesity among students at Benghazi University and will also examine students' knowledge of the adverse effects of junk food consumption. A cross-sectional study was conducted among students in the medical colleges of the University of Benghazi from January 2024. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized, including socio-demographic data, patterns of junk food consumption, knowledge about Junk food, and weight and height measurements. A total of 354 students participated in the study, with 67.5% female and 32.5% male. The majority (84.4%) were less than 25 years old. Notably, 98.9% of students consume junk food. 39.5% of students reported consuming junk food once or twice a week. Knowledge assessment revealed that 47.7% had good knowledge, 26.3% had fair knowledge, and 26% had poor knowledge regarding junk food. Based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) classification, 52.8% of participants had a normal BMI, 26.3% were overweight, 13.6% were obese, and 7.3% were underweight. Increased weekly junk food consumption was observed, alongside a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among students, despite a majority having normal BMI. No significant association between junk food consumption and BMI was found. Students acknowledged junk food's negative effects but continued consumption due to emotional factors and taste preference.
Sistema Embebido para un biorreactor: aplicación a la fermentación de azúcares
Authors: Paredes Danilo , Alvarez Gonzalo , Fuentes Mora Mauren , Sanchez Ramiro 
Published: December 2024

El enfoque de este proyecto se centra en el desarrollo y la implementación de un sistema embebido destinado a mejorar el control y la eficiencia de un biorreactor. Se examinan las ventajas de este sistema, resaltando su capacidad para supervisar en tiempo real, garantizar precisión y estabilidad, ofrecer flexibilidad, posibilitar la monitorización remota y la telemetría, así como su potencial escalabilidad y rentabilidad. El estudio se concentra en la integración de este sistema en un biorreactor para la fermentación de azúcares utilizando microorganismos con el propósito de optimizar la precisión, productividad y calidad del proceso. Se proporciona un análisis detallado de los aspectos técnicos, incluyendo el uso de placas Arduino, la programación de estas placas y su conexión con sensores y actuadores para el monitoreo y ajuste de variables críticas como temperatura y pH. Asimismo, se destaca la capacidad de conexión remota del sistema, lo que permite a los usuarios supervisar y administrar los procesos desde cualquier ubicación con acceso a Internet. Este enfoquese plantea con el objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia y la reproducibilidad de los procesos biotecnológicos, así como proporcionar una mayor flexibilidad y control en su operación.
Examining the Synergism of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticle – Andrographolide Conjugate and Studying its Potential Role Towards Antioxidative Therapeutics
Authors: Kumari Sneha , Pandey Shivam , Manohar Aeshala Leela , Kumar Anuj , Singh Sushant 
Published: December 2024

Increased oxidative stress in metabolic disorders has revealed promising alternatives for antioxidative therapeutics. Herein, we present synthesis and evaluations of Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) conjugated with Andrographolide (Ad-CNP). Characterization revealed a uniform particle size of 106 nm for bare CNP and 120 nm for Ad-CNP conjugates. UV-visible spectroscopy showed an absorbance peak at 230nm, indicating a high Ce³⁺/Ce⁴⁺ oxidation state. X-ray diffraction confirmed a pure cubic fluorite structure with a polycrystalline nature with peaks at 111, 200, 220, and 311. In terms of reactive oxygen species scavenging, bare CNPs demonstrated Catalase mimetic activity of 41.5%, whereas the Ad-CNP conjugates showed 47% scavenging activity. The Superoxide Dismutase mimetic activity was significantly increased due to synergy up to 77% of Ad-CNP whereas bare CNPs showed 57% activity. The CNPs exhibited notable antibacterial efficacy, diminishing microbial proliferation by 69% for bare CNPs and 82% for Ad-CNP. Biocompatibility testing with human skin keratinocytes validated the safety of the nanoparticles, and anti-inflammatory assays indicated decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α. The synergistic combination of CNPs with Andrographolide demonstrated significant potential as a potent antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory agent, making it a prospective candidate for antioxidative therapeutic research aimed at diminishing oxidative stress.
Deux visions du noir : le roman Jack’s Return Home de Ted Lewis et le film Get Carter de Mike Hodges
Authors: BROCHIER Christophe 
Published: December 2024

Cet article propose une étude du roman de Ted Lewis, Jack’s Return Home (1970) et de son adaptation cinématographique, Get Carter (1971) par le réalisateur et scénariste Mike Hodges. En étudiant le contexte de l’élaboration des deux œuvres ainsi que le détail de leur contenu, je cherche à montrer que Lewis et Hodges proposent chacun une version différente de la même trame. Avec l’histoire d’un gangster londonien retournant chez lui dans le Nord pour venger son frère, Lewis a voulu proposer un thriller qui est aussi, fondamentalement, une réflexion sur les deux types de destins qui attendent les fils d’ouvriers : le prolétaire ou le truand. Hodges, en faisant le choix de supprimer les retours en arrière et la narration en voix off, et en choisissant Michael Caine pour interpréter le rôle central a offert un thriller violent et érotique, centré sur la vengeance. Mais en donnant une grande place à la description de Newcastle, il a aussi proposé une version du film noir fortement teintée de réalisme social. De cette manière Lewis et Hodges construisent donc deux visions du film/roman noir qui ont fait date dans la culture populaire britannique.
Vernon Lee’s travel essays and the “confusion” of optical and temporal lines
Authors: McKEOWN Claire 
Published: December 2024

Vernon Lee’s response to impressionism is mixed, but in Limbo she lauds the impressionist painters’ ability to capture “the confusion of Nature’s effects.” This article builds on the idea of impressionist confusion in Vernon Lee’s travel writing, placing her comments on visual art in parallel with her treatment of place. I attempt to identify the intermedial effects and types of confusion in her texts, which are both optical— mirroring visual art—, and emotional— focusing on her subjective impressions. Her texts play with temporal strata, blending past and present through descriptions of geographical exploration. She also includes a didactic aspect in her texts, aiming to convert her readers to the idea of “sentimental travel,” which focuses on the emotions inspired by places. Reading Lee through impressionism makes it possible to extend the idea of confusion in her texts beyond her reception of impressionism, making it a guiding principle for her representation of travel as a spiritual experience.