bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Patients Older Than 60 Years With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Have More Vertebral Fractures Than Age-matched Controls? A Study Using Abdominal and Pelvic CT Scans With Sagittal Reformatting as Screening Tool
Authors: Besa Pablo , Meissner-Haecker Arturo , Ledermann Gerardo , Perez-Valenzuela Javier , Vergara-Lopez Maria , Alvarez-Lobos Manuel , Urrutia Julio 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
It is undetermined whether patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) have increased prevalence of vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) since many VCFs are asymptomatic and radiographs may overlook them. We compared the prevalence of VCFs in patients older than 60 years with and without IBDs.

Methods:
We studied 55 patients with IBDs and 165 controls who underwent CT scans for nonspinal conditions. We evaluated the presence of VCFs, fracture severity using the Genant score, and we determined whether age, sex, diagnosis of IBD, treatment, and time since diagnosis were associated with VCFs. Using logistic regression analysis, we assessed the independent effect of each variable.

Results:
Mean age was 72.7 years; 165 patients (75%) were women. Thirty-five patients (16%) had at least one VCF (16.4% IBD; 15.8% controls, P = 0.92); both groups exhibited similar fracture severity. Patients with VCFs were older than patients without VCFs (79.8 versus 70.2, P < 0.01 IBD; 76.4 versus 72.4, P = 0.02 controls). No other clinical variables were different in patients with and without VCFs in either cohort. Only age was independently associated with VCFs in both cohorts.

Discussion:
VCFs were not more frequent or severe in patients older than 60 years with IBD presented than in age-matched controls.
Red Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Predictor of Mortality and Complications After Primary Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Casp Aaron J. , Sequeira Sean B. , Kew Michelle E. , Brockmeier Stephen F. , Werner Brian C. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
Variability in red blood cell volume can occur in disease states and is quantified using a simple equation, yielding the relative distribution of width (RDW). Recent literature has correlated RDW with outcomes in many cardiac disease states, hip fractures, and even revision hip arthroplasty. The association with outcomes in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is yet to be delineated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between preoperative RDW levels and mortality and other adverse outcomes after primary TSA.

Methods:
Patients who underwent primary TSA and had RDW values on record were identified in a national database. Patients were then grouped by RDW, and the incidence of complications was calculated for each group, including mortality within 1 year, periprosthetic infection within 1 year, acute venous thromboembolism within 30 days, and readmission to a hospital within 30 days. A threshold value of RDW for increased complications was established using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results:
Five thousand two hundred forty-five patients who underwent TSA with a recorded RDW were included in the study. An RDW cutoff of 16% was found to be significantly associated with mortality at 1 year (P < 0.0001), readmission (P < 0.0001), and infection (P = 0.013) on ROC analysis. When controlling for demographic and comorbidity values, a high RDW was markedly associated with a higher mortality rate (odds ratio 2.0, 95% confidence interval 18 to 2.2) and readmission rate (odds ratio 1.5, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 1.8). A high RDW was not markedly associated with increased infection or venous thromboembolism rate in the multivariate analysis.

Discussion:
Increasing preoperative RDW is associated with increasing complication rates after TSA. This value can be used as an indirect, real-time preoperative predictor of adverse outcomes and most importantly one-year mortality and hospital readmission.

Level of Evidence:
III retrospective cohort study
Jogos teatrais e improvisação: por uma educação filosófica na infância
Authors: Zanini Raquel Aline , Horn Geraldo Balduino 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo procura mostrar, a partir de um estudo exploratório, possíveis interfaces entre filosofia e teatro. Defende a necessidade de proporcionar às crianças um espaço próprio de expressão como “lugar de fala” rompendo, assim, com a condição de infante - sem fala. A filosofia é compreendida enquanto práxis, que parte do reconhecimento dos carecimentos do sujeito (Heller, 1983). Aliando prática de jogos teatrais e improvisação com base na teoria de Viola Spolin (2010) e nas reflexões de Walter Benjamin (2009), conclui que este entrelaçamento torna possível conduzir o processo educativo de modo a garantir às crianças a realização da infância.
Discursos sobre a formação do ator no século XX: Notas sobre a formação do ator no estado do Maranhão
Authors: Braga Ana Socorro Ramos 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo trata da formação do ator no século XX no Maranhão, tomando como ponto de partida as entrevistas reunidas no livro Memória do Teatro Maranhense, de Aldo Leite (2007). Utilizo a noção de discursode Michel Foucault (1997), para identificar quem fala, e o que essas falas revelam sobre a formação de atores e atrizes. Com esse objetivo, seleciono o que os entrevistados dizem sobre o ingresso no teatro, as habilidades ou tipos físicos solicitados pelos diretores, os grupos, os locais de ensaios e o período de tempo dedicado ao teatro, compondo um quadro de formação de ator. Por fim, aponto questões complementares ao que não foi revelado no recorte adotado por Aldo Leite, de modo a contribuir com a escrita da memória do teatro maranhense na perspectiva do ator e de sua formação
Experiências cênicas: fissuras criativas na escola com crianças e adolescentes
Authors: Merisio Paulo , Araujo Getulio Góis de , Silva Ligia da Cruz 
Published: December 2019

Os três autores deste trabalho possuem aspectos comuns em suas trajetórias, que reverberam em seus campos de pesquisa. Docentes que possuem forte ligação com o campo da pedagogia do teatro e que articulam seus universos de pesquisa à prática cênica. Este artigo analisa duas experiências que buscam criar fissuras nas estruturas escolares por meio de experiências criativas, investindo nos desejos dos próprios artistas-estudantes – a primeira com crianças numa escola da cidade do Rio de Janeiro/RJ e a segunda com adolescentes em um Colégio de Aplicação em Uberlândia/MG.
Ricin Analysis
Authors: Kalb Suzanne R. , Barr John R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRicin is a protein toxin produced by the castor bean plant,Ricinus communis. In vivo, the 64‐kDa ricin protein halts protein synthesis by depurinating 28S ribosomal RNA, rendering it unable to bind to elongation factor 2 (EF‐2). This halt in protein synthesis causes detrimental health effects and can lead to death upon exposure to ricin. Ricin is highly toxic and has the potential for high availability; therefore, it is considered a likely agent for bioterrorism. Hence, sensitive and selective analytical methods are desired to analyze for ricin in food, environmental, and clinical samples. This article reviews various published methods to detect ricin. These methods are numerous but can be loosely grouped into animal assays, detection of ricin DNA, immunoassays, mass‐spectrometry‐based amino acid composition methods, and detection of ricin enzymatic activity. These various methods have different purposes. Some methods function as rapid screens with moderate false positive and false negative rates, whereas others serve as confirmatory assays. In this article, the methods are explained and compared, with discussion on the sensitivity and selectivity of the methods.
Electroanalytical Methods Based on Hybrid Nanomaterials
Authors: Yáñez‐Sedeño Paloma , Villalonga Reynaldo , Pingarrón José M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hybrid nanomaterials, defined as intentional combination of at least one nanomaterial with one or more materials, at an atomic or nanometer‐level of mixture, complementing each other to have new or improved functions and properties which component materials do not possess, provide new possibilities for electroanalytical methods The relevant functional properties of nanomaterials can be tuned, in an unimaginable fashion, by rational combination with other materials. This fact opens an exciting door for sensor and biosensor technology, which is well supported by the advances in other areas such as surface science, organic and inorganic synthesis, polymer and biomolecular chemistry, and nanotechnology. This article provides a general sight state‐of‐the‐art on the use of nanosized hybrid materials as transduction, amplification, and labeling elements for the development of original electroanalytical methods, exemplifying with some of the most relevant research published in the last 5 years. The article is divided into two main sections: (i) electrochemical sensors based on hybrid nanomaterials of inorganic–organic, inorganic–inorganic, and organic–organic composition; (ii) electrochemical enzyme and affinity biosensors making use of hybrid nanostructures.
Supramolecular Solvents in the Analytical Process
Authors: García Encarnación Romera , Gómez Ana María Ballesteros 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Supramolecular solvents (SUPRASs) have been long recognized as outstanding extractants in analytical processes. In addition to their remarkable properties for solubilization of a number of polar and apolar compounds using minute volumes of solvent, they can be tailored at will and produced spontaneously at reduced cost. Although not enough effort has been devoted to the synthesis of new solvents and elucidation of their structure, important progress has been performed in the past decade to the development of new formats and the coupling to different detection systems. This article gives an overview of the state of art of how solvents are produced, their capability for extraction and concentration, the formats used, the strategies developed to make SUPRASs compatible with a number of detection systems, and major applications reported on the extraction of metals and organic compounds in the biological, environmental, and agrifood areas.
D
esulfofaba
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

De.sul.fo.fa'ba. L. prefix
de
, off; L. neut. n.
sulfur
, sulfur; N.L. pref.
desulfo
‐, desulfuricating (prefix used to characterize a dissimilatory sulfate‐reducing prokaryote); L. fem. n.
faba
, a bean; N.L. fem. n.
Desulfofaba
, a sulfate‐reducing bean.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfobacteria / Desulfobacterales / Desulfofabaceae / Desulfofaba

Rods or curved rods, 2.0–3.1 × 3.0–6.2 µm. Occur singly or in pairs. Spore formation is not observed. Stain Gram‐negative. Motility might occur depending on the species. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory and sometimes a fermentative type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs, using formate (one species), propionate, butyrate (one species), alcohols, lactate (one species), pyruvate, fumarate, succinate, malate (one species), alanine, and glycine (one species). Electron donors are incompletely oxidized to acetate. Alcohols are oxidized to their corresponding acids.
Desulfofaba hansenii
can grow chemolithoheterotrophically on H
2
+ CO
2
in the presence of acetate. For growth on formate, acetate is required as well. Sulfate and sulfite serve as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to H
2
S. Fermentative growth might occur. Psychrophilic or moderately psychrophilic, optimal growth temperature 7–20°C. Media containing a reductant are necessary for growth. Vitamins or yeast extract are not required. The genus
Desulfofaba
contains two described species.
Desulfofaba
species occur in anoxic sediments of brackish or marine habitats.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 52.5–53.4 (LC).

Type species
:
Desulfofaba gelida
Knoblauch, Sahm and Jørgensen 1999, 1641
VP
.
D
esulfovibrio
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

De.sul.fo.vi'bri.o. L. pref.
de
from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
sulfur; L. v.
vibrio
to vibrate; N.L. masc. n.
Vibrio
that which vibrates, a generic name; N.L. masc. n.
Desulfovibrio
a vibrio that reduces sulfur compounds.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfovibrionaceae / Desulfovibrio

Curved or occasionally straight rods, sometimes sigmoid or spirilloid, 0.4–1.3 × 0.8–5.0 µm. The morphology is influenced by age and environment; descriptions refer to freshly grown cultures in anoxic sulfate media. Spore formation is absent. Stain Gram‐negative. Motile by means of a single polar flagellum or immotile (one species). Obligately anaerobic growth in pure cultures. Strictly anaerobic, having both a respiratory and a fermentative type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs, using lactate, pyruvate, some species fumarate, succinate, and malate as electron donors and carbon sources; organic compounds are incompletely oxidized to acetate. Alcohols are oxidized to their corresponding acids. H
2
can be used as an electron donor in the presence of acetate as organic carbon source (chemolithoheterotrophic growth). Formate can be used in the presence of acetate. Sulfate, sulfite, and often thiosulfate serve as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to H
2
S. Some species can reduce oxygen or metal ions, but growth has never been observed with these electron acceptors in pure cultures. Nitrate is sometimes reduced to ammonia. In the absence of an external electron acceptor, growth may occur by fermentation of pyruvate, malate, or fumarate. Molecular nitrogen is sometimes assimilated. Mesophilic; the optimum temperature range for growth is 30–38°C. Media containing a reductant are required for growth; some species need vitamins. Cells contain
c
‐type cytochromes (such as
c
3
) and usually
b
‐type cytochromes. All members of the genus
Desulfovibrio
contain desulfoviridin. Occur in anoxic parts of fresh and brackish water and marine environments; intestines of animals; manure; and feces.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 48.0–63.1 (
T
m
, LC, genome).

Type species
:
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans
(Beijerinck 1895) Kluyver and van Niel 1936, 397
AL
(
Spirillum desulfuricans
Beijerinck 1895, 113).
S
alirhabdus
Authors: Albuquerque Luciana , Tiago Igor , Verissimo António , da Costa Milton S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Sa.li.rhab'dus. L. masc. n.
sal, salis
salt; N.L. fem. n.
rhabdus
(from Gr. fem. n.
rhabdos
), a rod, wand; N.L. fem. n.
Salirhabdus
a rod that grows in salt.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Bacillaceae / Salirhabdus

The species of the genus
Salirhabdus
form rod‐shaped cells, 0.3–0.4 µm in width and 1.5–8.6 µm in length. Terminal spores are formed within a swollen sporangium. The organisms stain Gram‐positive and are motile. The colonies are cream pigmented. The species are mesophilic and halotolerant or slightly halophilic and strictly aerobic. Cytochrome
c
oxidase and catalase are positive. The organisms are chemoorganotrophic. Yeast extract is necessary for growth in a minimal defined medium. The organisms grow on sugars, polyols, amino acids, and organic acids. The peptidoglycan contains
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid (
meso
‐Dpm) as diagnostic diamino acid and is of type Alγ. Menaquinone 7 (MK‐7) is the major respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG). The major fatty acids are saturated branched chain. Isolates have been obtained from salterns.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 36.5–37.0 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Salirhabdus euzebyi
Albuquerque, Tiago, Rainey, Taborda, Nobre, Veríssimo and da Costa 2007, 1569
VP
.
T
hermolongibacillus
Authors: Cihan Arzu Coleri , Bilecen Kivanc , Cokmus Cumhur 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Ther.mo.lon.gi.ba.cil'lus. Gr. masc. adj.
thermos
hot; L. masc. adj.
longus
long; L. dim. masc. n.
bacillus
small rod; N.L. masc. n.
Thermolongibacillus
long thermophilic rod.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Bacillaceae / Thermolongibacillus

Thermolongibacillus
is a genus in the phylum
Firmicutes
, class
Bacilli,
order
Bacillales
, and the family
Bacillaceae
. There are two species in the genus
Thermolongibacillus
,
T. altinsuensis
and
T. kozakliensis
, isolated from sediment and soil samples in different thermal hot springs, respectively. Members of this genus are thermophilic (40–70°C), halophilic (0–5.0% NaCl), alkalophilic (pH 5.0–11.0), endospore forming, Gram‐positive, aerobic, motile, straight rods. Cell morphologies are dependent on the species and appear as single, in pairs, or in long straight or slightly curved chains. Cells become long after stationary phase of growth. Endospores are terminally located, and their shapes vary from ellipsoidal to oval. They are chemoorganotrophs, showing variations in carbon and energy metabolism, depending on the species. The dominant fatty acids are iso‐C
17:0
, C
16:0
, and iso‐C
15:0
. MK‐7 is the dominant menaquinone. Their cell wall contains low amount of
meso
‐diaminopimelate (
meso
‐DPM) and either A1γ or A1γ′‐type peptidoglycan cross‐linkages. They show <96.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to all the other members of the family
Bacillaceae
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 43.5–44.8 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Thermolongibacillus altinsuensis
Cihan et al. 2014
VP
.
Aquibacillus
Authors: Amoozegar Mohammad Ali , Mehrshad Maliheh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA.qui.ba.cil'lus. L. fem. n.aqua, water; L. masc. n.bacillus, a rod and also a bacterial genus name (Bacillus); N.L. masc. n.Aquibacillus, a rod belonging to the familyBacillaceaeand isolated from water.Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Bacillaceae / AquibacillusThe genusAquibacillusis classified within the familyBacillaceae, orderBacillales, in the classBacilli. The cells are endospore‐forming rods, motile, and stain Gram‐positive. Strictly aerobic. Moderately halophilic and mesophilic microorganism, growing in media containing 0–20% (w/v) NaCl at temperatures of 15–45°C, with optimum growth at 4–10% (w/v) NaCl and 25–37°C. Neutrophilic (optimum growth at pH 7.0). Chemoorganotrophic, a number of sugars and organic acids used as sole carbon and energy sources. Acid is produced from sugars. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐positive. The major polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. MK‐7 is the major respiratory quinone. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the genusAquibacillusis related to the generaSediminibacillus,Virgibacillus, andOrnithinibacillusin the familyBacillaceae. Currently, the genus includes four species;Aquibacillus halophilusis the type species of the genus that was isolated from a brine sample of Aran‐Bidgol hypersaline lake in Iran.DNA G + C content (mol%): 35.8–41.0 (HPLC).Type species:Aquibacillus halophilusAmoozegar et al. 2014, 3621VP.
R
uthenibacterium
Authors: Shkoporov Andrey N. , Chaplin Andrei V. , Kafarskaia Lyudmila I. , Efimov Boris A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Ru.the.ni.bac.te'ri.um. M.L. fem. n.
Ruthenia
medieval Latin name of Russia; Gr. dim. n.
bakterion
a small rod; N.L. neut. n.
Ruthenibacterium
a rod‐shaped bacterium isolated in Russia.

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Ruminococcaceae / Ruthenibacterium

Ruthenibacterium
is a genus in the phylum
Firmicutes
, class
Clostridia
, order
Clostridiales
, and family
Ruminococcaceae
. Currently comprises a single species –
Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans
. Members of the genus are Gram‐negative staining, rod‐shaped, strictly anaerobic, and mesophilic bacteria with chemoorganoheterotrophic fermentative type of metabolism. Bacteria are commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract. Cells are 1.6 ± 0.3 × 0.4 ± 0.1 µm in size, nonmotile, and non‐spore‐forming, occurring singly and in pairs. Colonies are nonhemolytic, colorless, circular, flat, and dry, with entire margins and rough surface. Strains can ferment a range of carbohydrates, producing
d
‐lactic and succinic acids. Cells are auxotrophic and require complex media for optimal growth. The main cellular fatty acids are C
18
:1
ω9, C
18
:1
ω9a, C
16
:0
, and C
16
:1
ω7‐cis.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 56.5–56.6 (draft genome sequencing).

Type species
:
Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans
Shkoporov, Chaplin, Shcherbakova, Suzina, Kafarskaia, Bozhenko and Efimov 2016, 3048
VP
.
P
seudaestuariivita
Authors: Wang Tao , Wirth Joseph S. , Whitman William B. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Pseud.aes.tu.a.ri.i.vi'ta. Gr. adj.
pseudes
false; N.L. fem. n.
Aestuariivita
a bacteria generic name; N.L. fem. n.
Pseudaestuariivita
false
Aestuariivita
.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhodobacterales / Rhodobacteraceae / Pseudaestuariivita

Gram‐negative‐staining, aerobic, catalase‐negative and oxidase‐positive rods to ovals. Optimal growth occurs at 28°C, between 3 and 5% (w/v) NaCl, and pH 7.0–8.0. Have limited ability to use various carbon sources. The major fatty acids are summed feature 8 (C
18
:1
ω7
c
and/or C
18
:1
ω6
c
), C
19
:0
cyclo ω8
c
, C
16
:0
, 11‐methyl C
18
:1
ω7
c
, and C
12
:1
3‐OH. Respiratory quinone is Q‐10. The type species was isolated from deep‐sea sediment. Member of the family
Rhodobacteraceae
. The type species is
Pseudaestuariivita atlantica
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 65.5 (genome sequence).

Type species
:
Pseudaestuariivita atlantica
(Li, Lai, Du, Liu, Sun and Shao 2015) Wirth and Whitman 2018, 2406
VP
(
Aestuariivita atlantica
Li, Lai, Du, Liu, Sun and Shao 2015, 3284).
M
angrovibacter
Authors: Rameshkumar Natarajan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Man.gro.vi.bac'ter. N.L. neut. n.
mangrovum
mangrove; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
rod; N.L. masc. n.
Mangrovibacter
mangrove rod.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacteriales / Enterobacteriaceae / Mangrovibacter

Cells are Gram‐negative rods with peritrichous flagella, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase‐negative, and catalase‐positive. Isolates are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen and they encode nitrogenase reductase gene (
nifH
). Nitrate is reduced and citrate is utilized. Urease, amylase, gelatinase, protease, and indole are not produced. The major fatty acids are C
14
:0
, C
16
:0
, summed feature 3 containing C
16
:1
ω6
c
and/or C
16
:1
ω7
c
, and feature 8 containing C
18
:1
ω6
c
and/or C
18
:1
ω7
c
. The predominant polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The major quinone is Q8. Member of the class
Gammaproteobacteria
, family
Enterobacteriaceae
. On the basis of the 16S rRNA phylogeny, the species of
Mangrovibacter
are most closely related to the genera
Cronobacter
and
Enterobacter
. Species of
Mangrovibacter
are reported from habitats such as mangrove‐associated wild rice, farmland soil, and roots of
Phragmites karka
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 50.1–52.0 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Mangrovibacter plantisponsor
Rameshkumar, Lang and Nair 2010, 184
VP
.