bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statins reduce new-onset atrial fibrillation after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tseng Chien-Hao , Chung Wen-Jung , Li Chen-Yu , Tsai Tzu-Hsien , Lee Chien-Ho , Hsueh Shu-Kai , Wu Chia-Chen , Cheng Cheng-I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The association between AF and serum lipid profile is unclear and statin use for lowering the incidence of new-onset AF remains controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate whether statins confer a beneficial effect on AF after AMI.
Data available in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database on 32886 AMI patients between 2008 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. Total 27553 (83.8%) had complete 1-yr follow-up data. Cardiovascular outcomes were analyzed based on the baseline characteristics and AF type (existing, new-onset, or non-AF). AF groups had significantly higher incidence of heart failure (HF), stroke, all-cause death, and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) after index AMI (all P < .05). In contrast, myocardial re-infarction (re-MI) was not significantly different among the three groups (P = .95). Statin use tended to be associated with lower risk of new-onset AF after AMI (HR: 0.935; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.877–0.998; P = .0427).
Existing AF and new-onset AF subgroups had similar cardiovascular outcomes after AMI and were both inferior to the non-AF group. Statin tended to reduce new-onset AF after AMI.
Use of preoperative erythropoietin therapy to facilitate autologous blood donation in orthopedic surgery
Authors: Chang Xiao , Li Qiyi , Tang Huang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Autologous blood transfusion helps to avoid or reduce the need for allogenic blood transfusion in patients undergoing major surgery. We examined the value of erythropoietin therapy to support preoperative autologous blood donation (PABD) in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Methods:
For this systematic review and meta-analysis, Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases were searched from October 26th, 1989 until September 30th, 2017. Primary outcomes were percentages of patients able to donate ≥4 units of blood for autologous transfusion, amount of allogeneic blood transfused, changes in hematocrit and hemoglobin levels from before PABD to immediately before surgery, and adverse events.

Results:
Of 256 studies identified, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 1914 patients (mean age 51–69 years), of whom 1153 were treated with erythropoietin. Erythropoietin was associated with a greater percentage of patients able to donate ≥4 units of blood for autologous use compared to controls (OR = 6.00, 95% CI = 3.97 to 9.09, P < .001). Patients receiving preoperative erythropoietin had significantly less of a reduction in hematocrit and hemoglobin levels from before PABD to immediately before surgery compared with controls (hematocrit: mean differences = −1.438, 95% CI = −2.14 to −0.73, P < .001; hemoglobin: mean differences = −1.426, 95% CI = −1.78 to −1.07, P < .001). No significant differences were observed in the amount of allogenic blood transfused between patients receiving erythropoietin and controls (difference in means = −0.220, 95% CI = −0.536 to 0.097, P = .174). Patients who received erythropoietin were less likely to experience dizziness than controls, but the incidence of nausea or fatigue were similar between groups.

Conclusion:
Erythropoietin therapy during the PABD period results in less of a reduction in hematocrit and hemoglobin levels and an increase in the percentage of patients able to donate blood preoperatively.
Research trends and characteristics of oral lichen planus
Authors: Liu Wei , Ma Liwei , Song Chencheng , Li Chenxi , Shen Zhengyu , Shi Linjun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Bibliometric analysis highlights the key topics and research trends which have shaped the understanding and management of a concerned disease. The objective of this study was to identify and characterize the most-cited articles on oral lichen planus (OLP), and highlight the analysis of key topics and research trends.

Methods:
A comprehensive search was performed and identified in the Scopus database from 1907 to 5 March 2019 for the top-100 most-cited articles on OLP.

Results:
The number of citations of the 100 selected articles varied from 101 to 570, with a mean of 178.7 citations per article. Malignant potential, immunopathogenesis, and topical drug therapy were the top-3 study topics, and the majority of high-quality articles were the research of the 3 topics. Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine (n = 19) and Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology (n = 14) were 2 journals with the most articles published. Both van der Waal I. and Scully C. were the most frequently contributing authors (n = 9). United States (n = 27) and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (n = 7) was the most contributing country and institution, respectively. Systematic reviews (n = 2), randomized controlled trial (n = 1), cohort studies (n = 17) were study designs with higher evidence level, but the large majority (n = 80) were considered lower level.

Conclusions:
The results of this first citation analysis of the 100 most cited articles on OLP provide a historical perspective on scientific evolution, and suggest further research trends and clinical practice in the field of OLP.
Survival analysis of patients with glioblastoma treated by long-term administration of temozolomide
Authors: Quan Rencui , Zhang Huaqing , Li Zihuang , Li Xianming 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This analysis aimed to investigate whether the long-term administration of temozolomide (TMZ) claimed a survival advantage for patients with glioblastoma in China.
A total of 75 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma at the Department of Radiation Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital between August 2008 and August 2016 were retrospectively evaluated during analysis. A propensity-matched analysis was performed to balance the basic characteristics of patients between compared groups. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients receiving 6 adjuvant TMZ cycles compared with patients treated with more than 6 cycles.
Twenty of 75 patients received more than 6 cycles of TMZ, and the other 55 patients were treated with a median of 6 cycles ranging from 1 to 6. The patients with long-term administration of TMZ had better OS (47.0 months, 95% CI 20.0–73.9 vs 20.6 months, 95% CI 17.9–23.2, P = .014) but not PFS (17.0 months, 95% CI 10.1–24.5 vs 14.2 months, 95% CI 11.8–16.6, P = .133). Balancing the clinical factors with a propensity-matched analysis also showed the significant advantage of prolonged TMZ application in terms of OS but not PFS.
Prolonged administration of TMZ beyond 6 cycles did demonstrate survival benefits for patients with initially diagnosed glioblastoma.
Efficacy and safety of Chuankezhi injection in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Zhou Zhihui , Zheng Wenjiang , Liang Ting , Yan Qian , Zhang Chaoyuan , Huang Huiting , Liu Xiaohong , Ye Xiaohan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Chuankezhi injection (CKZ) is gaining increasing popularity for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treatment, yet their comparative effectiveness and safety remain unclear. Therefore, we will provide a protocol to assess the efficacy and safety of CKZ for COPD.

Methods:
From now until June 2020, we will conduct a comprehensive and systematic literature search in 4 Chinese and 4 English databases, and the use of CKZ in the treatment of COPD will be included in randomized controlled trials, as well as all the treatment of stable COPD during the treatment of all CKZ. The risk assessment of the bias tool in Cochrane 5.1.0 will be combined with the quality of the trial. The 2 investigators will independently perform quality assessments and data extractions for the included studies in strict accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria and perform the meta-analysis with Stata 15 software (version 15.0, StataCorp, College Station, TX).

Results:
Further evidence of CKZ treatment for COPD will be provided by this study.

Conclusion:
The efficacy and safety assessment of CKZ for COPD will be supported by this protocol.

PROSPERO registration number:
ROSPERO CRD 42019134133.
Transanal drainage tubes vs metallic stents for acute malignant left-sided bowel obstruction
Authors: Xu Jing , Zhang Shuai , Jiang Tao , Zhao Yong-Jie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
The surgical management of acute malignant left-sided bowel obstruction is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Recently, transanal drainage tubes (DTs) and metallic stents (MSs) used as a “bridge to surgery” have become widely used decompression methods compared with emergency surgery. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DTs and MSs for the decompression of acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction.

Methods:
All studies were acquired from PubMed, Medline, Embase, CNKI and the Cochrane Library. The data were extracted by two of the coauthors independently and were analyzed with RevMan5.3. Mean differences (MDs), odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale were used to assess the risk of bias.

Results:
Eleven studies, which included three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 8 observational studies, were assessed. The methodological quality of the trials ranged from low to moderate. The pooled results of the technical success rate showed that the difference was not statistically significant between the2 devises. The differences in clinical success rate, operative time and complications were statistically significant between MSs and DTs, and MSs were associated with a better clinical success rate, increased operative time and fewer complications. Sensitivity analysis proved the stability of the pooled results, and the publication bias was low.

Conclusion:
MS insertion for acute left-sided malignant bowel obstruction is effective and safe with a better technical success rate and with fewer complications than decompression using a DT, and MS insertion can avoid stoma formation. Moreover, MS insertion appears to be a useful treatment strategy for malignant colonic obstruction even if the lesion is located in the right colon. More large-sample, multicenter, high-quality RCTs are needed to verify the outcomes of this meta-analysis.
Inequality in the health services utilization in rural and urban china
Authors: Guo Bin , Xie Xin , Wu Qunhong , Zhang Xin , Cheng Huaizhi , Tao Sihai , Quan Hude 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background:
Inequality in health and health care remains a rather challenging issue in China, existing both in rural and urban area, and between rural and urban. This study used nationally representative data to assess inequality in both rural and urban China separately and to identify socioeconomic factors that may contribute to this inequality.

Methods:
This study used 2008 National Health Services Survey data. Demographic characteristics, income, health status, medical service utilization, and medical expenses were collected. Horizontal inequality analysis was performed using nonlinear regression method.

Results:
Positive inequity in outpatient services and inpatient service was evident in both rural and urban area of China. Greater inequity of outpatient service use in urban than that in rural areas was evident (horizontal inequity index [HI] = 0.085 vs 0.029). In contrast, rural areas had greater inequity of inpatient service use compared to urban areas (HI = 0.21 vs 0.16). The decomposition analysis found that the household income made the greatest pro-rich contribution in both rural and urban China. However, chronic diseases and aging were also important contributors to the inequality in rural area.

Conclusion:
The inequality in health service in both rural and urban China was mainly attributed to the household income. In addition, chronic disease and aging were associated with inequality in rural population. Those findings provide evidences for policymaker to develop a sustainable social welfare system in China.
Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in a child with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Liu Yue , Ren Dongmei , Zhou Qiaoyu , Gao Lin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis (CVT) associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is infrequent, but clinically nonnegligible due to its high disability and fatality rates.

Patient concerns:
A 12-year-old child with newly developed ulcerative colitis (UC) suffered from a sudden left-sided hemiparesis and numbness.

Diagnoses:
Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis due to ulcerative colitis was diagnosed in this girl.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with blood transfusion and anticoagulation therapy. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and urokinase thrombolysis were implemented followed.

Outcomes:
The patient achieved a complete recovery of limb functions and did not present any other stroke recurrences at follow-up a year later.

Lessons:
CVT in UC is a serious condition and can occur in the children and adolescents. Rapidly diagnosis of this complication of IBD and apply anticoagulant therapy early can contribute to avoiding a potentially fatal outcome.
Gene-based anticoagulation regimens for an infant after mitral-valve replacement
Authors: Cao Hua , Xia Xiaotong , Fu Jinglan , Wu Tingting , Chen Wenjun , Dai Ying , Xia Xuan , Zhang Jinhua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Heart-valve replacement is one of the main surgical methods for various heart-valve diseases. Warfarin is the only oral anticoagulant used for thrombosis prevention after heart-valve replacement. However, warfarin has a narrow therapeutic window, large differences in efficacy between individuals, and can be affected by drugs, food and disease status.

Patient concerns:
We used the Hamberg model to develop an anticoagulation regimen for a 10-month-old Chinese male after mitral-valve replacement.

Diagnoses:
Echocardiography revealed mitral malformation with severe regurgitation, patent foramen ovale, thickening of the left ventricular wall, enlargement of the left atrium, and the overall systolic function of the left ventricle was lower than normal.

Interventions:
First, the patient was treated with Mitral valvuloplasty plus temporary implantation of a pacing wire. Since this was inadequate, he underwent mitral-valve replacement. Then, we used the Hamberg model to develop an anticoagulation regimen.

Outcomes:
After discharge from hospital, the pharmacist provided anticoagulation management for this pediatric patient using an “Online Anticoagulation Clinic” (OAC). Point-of-care testing could be employed by the boy's mother at home to obtain the International Normalized Ratio. His time to response was 89.6% during the 6 months after hospital discharge, and adverse reactions such as bleeding or thrombosis did not occur.

Lessons:
This is the first time the Hamberg model has been employed to design anticoagulation therapy for an Asian infant. His anticoagulation therapy may be managed using the OAC.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation of a cardiac arrest patient with left ventricular assist device in an out-of-hospital setting
Authors: Iwashita Yoshiaki , Ito Asami , Sasaki Ken , Suzuki Kei , Fujioka Masaki , Maruyama Kazuo , Imai Hiroshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Despite increasing number of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, standardized cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) protocol for patients with LVAD, especially in out-of-hospital settings are not well known.

Patient concerns:
A 41-year-old LVAD implanted man became cardiac arrest in an out-of-hospital setting. Bystander CPR was started and the patient was brought to our hospital without noticing LVAD. Upon arrival, the medical staff noted the LVAD and that the battery of the LVAD was exhausted.

Diagnosis:
Cardiac arrest on LVAD.

Interventions:
It took 50 minutes to change the battery, then the patient has become ventricular fibrillation; hence, we introduced extracorporeal membranous oxygenation and defibrillated the patient. After the sinus rhythm was restored, the LVAD started working uneventfully.

Outcomes:
The patient became brain dead.

Lessons:
There are several difficulties in treating these patients. First, hemodynamic collapse is difficult to diagnose. Second, chest compression for LVAD implanted patients remains controversial. Third, education to first responders who are not familiar with LVAD are not enough. Appropriate education for those issues is needed.
Successive clinical application of vitamin D and bumetanide in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Feng Jun-Yan , Li Hong-Hua , Wang Bing , Shan Ling , Jia Fei-Yong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder caused by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies suggest that Vitamin D3 or bumetanide therapy may improve the core symptoms of ASD in some individuals. However, there are no guidelines that provide clinicians with evidence-based treatment regimens for the use of these therapies in ASD.

Patient concerns:
A 30-month-old female was referred to our department because she did not respond when her name was called.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with ASD by a team of autism experts according to American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria.

Interventions:
The patient was administered Vitamin D3 150,000 IU intramuscularly once a month and Vitamin D3 800 IU orally each day. After 6 months, Vitamin D3 supplementation was discontinued because of lack of effectiveness. Subsequently, oral bumetanide 0.5 mg twice daily was initiated.

Outcomes:
The patient's symptoms remained unchanged after 6 months of Vitamin D3 supplementation, and her serum 25 (OH) D levels had reached 52.4 ng/mL. At the parent's request, Vitamin D3 supplementation was discontinued because of lack of effectiveness. Thereafter, bumetanide was initiated. After 1 month of bumetanide, the patient's Childhood Autism Rating Scale score was 26, which is below the cutoff score for ASD. This case report suggests that Vitamin D3 and bumetanide target different mechanisms in the pathogenesis of ASD.

Lessons:
Based on these observations, we discuss three possible scenarios for Vitamin D3 supplementation and propose that bumetanide should be initiated if Vitamin D3 supplementation is ineffective (identifier ChiCTR-CCC-13004498).
Health outcome prediction using multiple perturbations
Authors: Lee Wen-Chung 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Public health workers and medical practitioners are frequently required to make predictions regarding various health outcomes. However, a prediction with nearly 100% certainty is seldom possible.
If a person has a health outcome of concern or is in the process of developing the outcome, many attributes of that person may undergo subtle changes—the perturbations. We propose a method, namely “prediction using multiple perturbations” and investigate its asymptotic properties when the number of attributes tends to infinity. This is a proof-of-concept study.
The proposed method can predict the health outcome of a person to near certainty if personal data with billions or trillions of attributes can be collected and 4 conditions (described subsequently in this paper) are met.
Collecting personal data with billions or trillions of attributes may someday become possible in the current era of big data. If such information can be obtained, theoretically we can predict the health outcome of a person to near certainty.
Transcriptome analyses identify hub genes and potential mechanisms in adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Liu Hong-Bing , Huang Guan-Jiang , Luo Meng-Si 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most frequent malignancies of salivary glands. The objective of this study was to identify key genes and potential mechanisms during ACC samples.
The gene expression profiles of GSE88804 data set were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. The GSE88804 data set contained 22 samples, including 15 ACC samples and 7 normal salivary gland tissues. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were constructed, and protein–protein interaction network of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was performed by Cytoscape. The top 10 hub genes were analyzed based on Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis. Then, DEGs between ACC samples and normal salivary gland samples were analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis. Furthermore, miRTarBase and Cytoscape were used for visualization of miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. KEGG pathway analysis was undertaken using DIANA-miRPath v3.0.
In total, 382 DEGs were identified, including 119 upregulated genes and 263 downregulated genes. GO analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in extracellular matrix organization, extracellular matrix, and calcium ion binding. KEGG pathway analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in p53 signaling pathway and salivary secretion. Expression analysis and survival analysis showed that ANLN, CCNB2, CDK1, CENPF, DTL, KIF11, and TOP2A are all highly expressed, which all may be related to poor overall survival. Predicted miRNAs of 7 hub DEGs mainly enriched in proteoglycans in cancer and pathways in cancer.
This study indicated that identified DEGs and hub genes might promote our understanding of molecular mechanisms, which might be used as molecular targets or diagnostic biomarkers for ACC.
Hypoglycemic risk exposures in relation to low serum glucose values in ambulatory patients
Authors: Abusamaan Mohammed S. , Marzinke Mark A. , Ashok Aditya , Carroll Karen , Lane Kyrstin , Jeun Rebecca , Moseley Kendall F. , Carson Kathryn A. , Mathioudakis Nestoras N. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to correlate hypoglycemic risk exposures (HREs) with low blood glucose value (BGV) in ambulatory patients to inform selection of a glucose critical action value (CAV).
This was a retrospective study of ambulatory patients with at least 1 serum glucose ≤70 mg/dL obtained at 2 laboratories within the Johns Hopkins Health System over 3.8 years. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate association of BGV cut-offs of <60, <54, <50, and <45 mg/dL with HREs. HREs were classified as “high hypoglycemic risk” (HHR), “moderate hypoglycemic risk” (MHR), “low hypoglycemic risk” (LHR), and “no hypoglycemic risk” (NHR).
A total of 5404 patient samples of BG ≤70 mg/dL were analyzed, of which 30.3%, 23.2%, 28.5%, 18.0% occurred in NHR, LHR, MHR, and HHR groups, respectively. An inverse relationship was noted between BGV cut-offs and HHR, but no association was observed for LHR or MHR. After adjusting for age, sex, and race, there was an inverse association between BG thresholds and the odds of HHR. For classification of HHR, BGV cut-offs of <60, <54, <50, and <45 mg/dL correctly classified 71.2%, 69.8%, 68.8%, and 67.2% of BG samples, achieved false-positive rates of 13.6%, 4.7%, 1.7%, and 0.5% and positive likelihood ratios of 3.3, 6.0, 11.2, and 23.4, respectively.
Nearly 70% of low BGVs occurred in patients with at least 1 HRE, but only ∼20% occurred in HHR patients. Given their high positive likelihood ratios, BGVs <54 or <50 mg/dL are reasonable candidates for CAVs that would allow sufficient clinician response time while minimizing false-positive alerts.