bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ability of near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics to predict the age of mosquitoes reared under different conditions
Authors: Ong Oselyne , Kho Elise , Esperança Pedro , Freebairn Chris , Dowell Floyd , Devine Gregor , Churcher Thomas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Practical, field-ready age-grading tools for mosquito vectors of disease are urgently needed because of the impact that daily survival has on vectorial capacity. Previous studies have shown that near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), in combination with chemometrics and predictive modeling, can forecast the age of laboratory-reared mosquitoes with moderate to high accuracy. It remains unclear whether the technique has utility for identifying shifts in the age structure of wild-caught mosquitoes. Here we investigate whether models derived from the laboratory strain of mosquitoes can be used to predict the age of mosquitoes grown from pupae collected in the field.
Methods: NIRS data from adult female Aedes albopictus mosquitoes reared in the laboratory (2, 5, 8, 12 and 15 days old) were analysed against spectra from mosquitoes emerging from wild-caught pupae (1, 7 and 14 days old). Different partial least squares (PLS) regression methods trained on spectra from laboratory mosquitoes were evaluated on their ability to predict the age of mosquitoes from more natural environments.
Results: Models trained on spectra from laboratory-reared material were able to predict the age of other laboratory-reared mosquitoes with moderate accuracy and successfully differentiated all day 2 and 15 mosquitoes. Models derived with laboratory mosquitoes could not differentiate between field-derived age groups, with age predictions relatively indistinguishable for day 1-14. Pre-processing of spectral data and improving the PLS regression framework to avoid overfitting can increase accuracy, but predictions of mosquitoes reared in different environments remained poor. Principle component analysis confirms substantial spectral variations between laboratory and field-derived mosquitoes despite both originating from the same island population.
Conclusions: Models trained on laboratory mosquitoes were able to predict ages of laboratory mosquitoes with good sensitivity and specificity though they were unable to predict age of field-derived mosquitoes. This study suggests that laboratory-reared mosquitoes do not capture enough environmental variation to accurately predict the age of the same species reared under different conditions. Further research is needed to explore alternative pre-processing methods and machine learning techniques, and to understand factors that affect absorbance in mosquitoes before field application using NIRS.
Fluid Overload After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis is Associated with Prolonged Time on Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: silva sirlei , Consolim-Colombo Fernanda Marciano , Rodrigues Renata Gomes , Gaiotto Fábio Antonio , Hajjar Ludhmila Abrahão , Moysés Rosa Maria Affonso , Elias Rosilene Motta 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Fluid overload is a risk factor for morbidity, mortality, and prolonged ventilation time after surgery. Patients on maintenance hemodialysis might be at higher risk. We hypothesized that fluid accumulation would be directly associated with extended ventilation time in patients on hemodialysis, as compared to patients with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis (CKD3-4) and patients with normal renal function (reference group).Methods this is a prospective observational study that included consecutive patients submitted to an isolated and elective coronary artery bypass surgery classified as reference (N=167, normal renal function), CKD3-4 (N=84, estimated glomerular filtration rate 30-60ml/min/1.73m 2 ), and hemodialysis (N=31, maintenance hemodialysis) groups. The same observer followed patients daily from the surgery to the hospital discharge.Results Fluid accumulation correlated with time on mechanical ventilation in patients on hemodialysis (r=0.627, p=0.003), but not in the CKD3-4 group (r=-0.068, p=0.652) and in the reference group (r=-0.085, p=0.363). Multivariate analysis revealed that the fluid accumulation, scores of sequential organ failure assessment-SOFA in the day following surgery, and the group according to renal function were independently associated with ventilation time. Furthermore, in patients on hemodialysis, the time between surgery and the first hemodialysis also accounted for the time on mechanical ventilation.Conclusions Fluid accumulation is an important risk factor for lengthening mechanical ventilation, particularly in patients on hemodialysis. Future studies are warranted to address the ideal timing for initiating dialysis in this scenario in an attempt to reduce fluid accumulation and avoid prolonged ventilation time and hospital stay.
Increased Interleukin-35 Suppresses Peripheral CD14+ Monocytes Function in Patients with Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Xing Haijian , Tian Gang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a newly identified IL-12 cytokine family member, which regulates the activity of immune cells in infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders. However, the regulatory function of IL-35 in Kawasaki disease is not well elucidated.

Methods

Thirty-three patients with Kawasaki disease and seventeen healthy controls were studied. Peripheral IL-35 concentration was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. CD14 + monocytes were purified, and mRNA expression of IL-35 receptor (IL-12Rβ2 and gp130) was semi-quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. CD14 + monocytes were stimulated with recombinant IL-35. The modulatory role of IL-35 treated CD14 + monocytes to naïve CD4 + T cell activation was investigated by flow cytometry. The influence of IL-35 to cytotoxicity of CD14 + monocytes was assessed by measuring target cell death, cytokine and granzyme secretion.

Results

Plasma IL-35 concentration was elevated in patients with Kawasaki disease. There was no significant differences of either IL-12Rβ2 or gp130 mRNA expression in CD14 + monocytes between Kawasaki disease patients and controls. IL-35 suppressed CD14 + monocytes induced naïve CD4 + T cell activation in Kawasaki disease, and this process required direct cell-to-cell contact. IL-35 also inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and granzyme B secretion by CD14 + monocytes from patients with Kawasaki disease, however, only granzyme B was responsible for the cytotoxicity of CD14 + monocytes.

Conclusions

IL-35 played an important immunosuppressive role to CD14 + monocytes function in Kawasaki disease.
Profiling the urinary microbiome in men with calcium-based kidney stones
Authors: Xie Jing , Huang Jian-sheng , Huang Xiang-jiang , Peng Jun-ming , Yu Zhou , Yuan Ye-qing , Xiao Ke-feng , Guo Ji-nan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

The dogma that urine is sterile in healthy individuals has been overturned by recent studies applying molecular-based methods. Mounting evidences indicate that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota is associated with several urological diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the urinary microbiome of male patients with calcium-based kidney stones and compare it with those of healthy individuals.

Results

The diversity of the urinary microbiota in kidney stone patients was significantly lower than that of healthy controls based on the Shannon and Simpson index (P<0.001 for both indices). The urinary microbiota structure also significantly differed between kidney stone patients and healthy controls (ANOSIM, R = 0.11, P <0.001). Differential representation of inflammation associated bacteria (e.g., Acinetobacter) and several enriched functional pathways were identified in the urine of kidney stones patients. Meanwhile, we found the species diversity, overall composition of microbiota and predicted functional pathways were similar between bladder urine and renal pelvis urine in kidney stone patients.

Conclusions

A marked dysbiosis of urinary microbiota in male patients with calcium-based kidney stones was observed, which may be helpful to interpret the association between bacteria and calcium-based kidney stones.

Key Words: kidney stone, calcium-based, microbiome, urine, renal pelvis
Transcriptional response of Mar, Sox and Rob regulon against concentration gradient carbapenem stress within Escherichia coli isolated from hospital acquired infection
Authors: Chetri Shiela , Das Bhaskar Jyoti , Bhowmik Deepshikha , Chanda Debadatta Dhar , Chakravarty Atanu , Bhattacharjee Amitabha 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective
The present study was carried out to investigate the transcriptional response of marA (Multiple antibiotic resistance A gene), soxS (Superoxide S gene) and rob (Right-origin-binding gene) under carbapenem stress.
Results
12 isolates over-expressing AcrAB-TolC efflux pump system and showing reduced expression of OmpF (Outer membrane porin) gene were selected for further study. Among them, overexpression of marA and rob was observed in 7 isolates. Increasing pattern of expression of marA and rob against meropenem was observed. The clones of marA and rob showed reduced susceptibility towards carbapenems.
Immunophenotyping of the PD-L1-positive cells in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma and Hodgkin disease
Authors: Tiemann Markus , Samoilova Vera , Atiakshin Dmitri , Buchwalow Igor 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Programmed Death-1(PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 are now used as predictive biomarkers to guide clinical decisions. Precise characterization of PD-L1-positive cells may contribute to our knowledge of which patients derive benefit from the PD-L1 blockade therapy. Results To address this issue, we performed immunophenotyping of PD-L1-positive cells in Hodgkin lymphoma and in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) employing multiple immunofluorescent immunolabeling. We found that PD-L1-positive cells and PD-1-positive cells both in Hodgkin lymphoma and in AITL belong to two completely different cell lineages. In both lymphomas, PD-1 was found exclusively in T-lymphocytes, whereas PD-L1 was revealed in the tumor microenvironment cells including macrophages. PD-L1 was also detected in CD30-positive cells in Hodgkin lymphoma but not in AITL. The marker of B-cell lineage, CD20, was not detectable in PD-L1-positive cells both in AITL and in Hodgkin. Our study highlights the importance of comprehensive assessment of PD-1/PD-L1 regulatory pathways for employing PD-L1 as a predictive biomarker in clinical practice. PD-L1-antibody therapy is proven in Hodgkin lymphoma. Comparative immunophenotyping of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis provides a support for attempts to prove this principle also for AITL.
Diabetes Mellitus Accelerates Progression of Osteoarthritis in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Mice by Deteriorating Bone Microarchitecture, Bone Mineral Composition and Bone Strength of Subchondral Bone
Authors: Wang Hua-Jun , Giambini Hugo , Liu You-Jie , Chen Ji-Wen , Wang Qiu-Shi , Hou Hui-ge , Luo Si-Min , Chen Jun-Yuan , Zhuang Teng-Feng , Chen Yuan-Feng , Wu Ting-Ting , Zha Zhen-gang , Zheng Xiaofei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : The purpose of this study is to develop an optimal DM-OA mice model; to validate that diabetes aggravates OA; and to evaluate the microarchitecture, chemical composition and biomechanical properties of SB as a consequence of the damaged induced by diabetes OA. Methods: Mice were randomly divided into three groups: DM-OA group, OA group and Sham group. Blood glucose levels, body weight and food intake of all animals were recorded. A semi-quantitative grading system (OARSI) was used to evaluated cartilage and SB degeneration. Microspectroscopy, microindentations, micro‑CT imaging and fracture load of compression testing were also used to evaluated the properties of trabecular SB. Results: Glycemic monitoring and pancreas pathological results indicated stable high blood glucose and massive destruction of pancreas and islet cells in the DM-OA group. The mineral-to-collagen ratio, microindentation elastic modulus, hardness, micro-architectural parameters, bone mineral density and fracture load of SB trabecular bone of the DM-OA group joint was lower than other two groups. On the other hand, The OARSI score, trabecular spacing and structural model index of the DM-OA group joint was higher than the other two groups. Conclusions: The glycemic and pancreatic pathological results indicated the DM-OA model to be a simple and reliable model induced by STZ and surgery. The results showed the mechanisms in which diabetes accelerates OA by damaging and deteriorating the functions SB including microarchitecture, chemical composition and biomechanical properties.
1.5T MR-guided and daily adapted SBRT for prostate cancer: feasibility, preliminary clinical tolerability, quality of life and patient-reported outcomes during treatment
Authors: Alongi Filippo , Rigo Michele , Figlia Vanessa , Cuccia Francesco , Giaj-Levra Niccolò , Nicosia Luca , Ricchetti Francesco , Sicignano Gianluisa , De Simone Antonio , Naccarato Stefania , Ruggieri Ruggero , Mazzola Rosario 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Unity Elekta is a unique magnetic resonance (MR)-linac that conjugates a 1.5 Tesla MR unit with a 7 MV flattening filter free accelerator.A prospective observational study for the clinical use of Elekta Unity is currently ongoing in our department. Herein, we present our preliminary report on the feasibility, quality of life, and patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) for localized prostate cancer (PC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Methods The SBRT protocol consisted of a 35 Gy schedule delivered in 5 fractions within two weeks. Toxicity and quality of life (QoL) were assessed at baseline and after treatment using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v5.0, International Prostatic Symptoms Score (IPSS), ICIQ-SF, IIEF-5, and EORTC-QLQ-C30 and PR-25 questionnaires. Results Between October 2019 and January 2020, 25 patients with localized PC were recruited. The median age was 68 years (range, 54-82); 4 were low risk, 11 favorable intermediate risk (IR) and 10 unfavorable IR. Median iPSA was 6.8 ng/ml (range, 1-19), and 9 of these patients (36%) received concurrent androgen deprivation therapy. Median prostate volume was 36 cc (range, 20-61); median baseline IPSS was 5 (range, 0-10). Median time for fraction was 53 minutes (range, 34-86); adaptive strategy with daily critical structure and target re-contouring and daily replanning (adapt to shape) was performed in all cases. No grade ≥ 3 adverse event was observed, three patients (12%) reported grade 2 acute genitourinary toxicity (urinary frequency, urinary tract pain and urinary retention), while only one patient reported mild rectal pain. No relevant deteriorations were reported in PROMs. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first experience reporting feasibility, clinician-reported outcome measurements, and PROMs for 1.5T MR-guided adaptive SBRT for localized prostate cancer. The preliminary data collected here report optimal safety and excellent tolerability, as also confirmed by PROMs questionnaires. Moreover, the data on technical feasibility and timing of online daily adapted planning and delivery are promising. More mature data are warranted.
NCAM and attached polysialic acid affect behaviors of breast epithelial cells through differential signaling pathways
Authors: Cao Lin , Wang Xin , Yang Juhong , Guo Jia , Li Xiang , Yang Xiaomin , Tan Zengqi , Guan Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), a common mammalian cell surface glycoprotein, is the major substrate of polysialic acid (PSA). Polysialylated NCAM occurs in many types of cancer, but rarely in normal adult tissues. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important process contributing to tumor metastasis. The functional role of NCAM hypersialylation in EMT is unclear. Method Expression of NCAM and PSA-NCAM in breast cancer progression were evaluated by western blot (WB), immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative PCR and immunoprecipitation (IP). Overexpression of NCAM-140 and STX were performed to assess the functional role of NCAM hypersialylation by liposome transfection. Then, the cell proliferation ability was investigated with MTT assay. Transwell and wound closure assay were conducted to evaluate cell migratory ability. Phagokinetic gold sol assay and cell adhesion assay were performed to assess cell motility ability and cell adhesion ability, respectively. Furthermore, WB and IP were used to reveal the activated signaling pathway. Results The present study indicates that NCAM and attached polysialic acid affect behaviors of breast epithelial cells through differential signaling pathways, based on the following observations: (i) NCAM and PSA-NCAM were aberrantly regulated in breast cancer cells; (ii) NCAM and PSA-NCAM expression were upregulated in normal breast epithelial cells undergoing EMT; (iii) NCAM overexpression induced EMT in breast epithelial cells; (iv) NCAM promoted cell proliferation and migration through activation of a β-catenin/slug signaling pathway; (v) modification of PSA attached to NCAM inhibited cell adhesion and promoted cell motility through activation of an EGFR/STAT3 pathway. Conclusion These observations help clarify the molecular mechanisms whereby PSA and its major substrate NCAM modulate cell behaviors, and the significance of increased PSA expression on NCAM during EMT and tumor development.
Metabolite AutoPlotter - an application to automatically process and visualise metabolite data in the web-browser
Authors: Pietzke Matthias , Vazquez Alexei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Metabolomics is gaining popularity as a standard tool for the investigation of biological systems. Yet, parsing metabolomics data in the absence of in-house computational scientists can be overwhelming and time consuming. As a consequence of manual data processing the results are often not processed in full depth, so potential novel findings might get lost. Methods To tackle this problem we developed Metabolite AutoPlotter, a tool to process and visualise metabolite data. It reads as input pre-processed compound-intensity tables and accepts different experimental designs, with respect to number of compounds, conditions and replicates. The code was written in R and wrapped into a shiny-application that can be run online in a web-browser on https://mpietzke.shinyapps.io/autoplotter. Results We demonstrate the main features and the ease of use with two different metabolite datasets, for quantitative experiments and for stable isotope tracing experiments. We show how the plots generated by the tool can be interactively modified with respect to plot type, colours, text labels and the shown statistics. We also demonstrate the application towards 13-C-tracing experiments and the seamless integration of natural abundance correction, which facilitates the better interpretation of stable isotope tracing experiments. The output of the tool is a zip-file containing one single plot for each compound as well as sorted and restructured tables that can be used for further analysis. Conclusion With the help of Metabolite AutoPlotter it is now possible to automate data processing and visualisation for a wide audience. High quality plots from complex data can be generated in a short time with pressing a few buttons. This offers dramatic improvements over manual processing. It is significantly faster and allows researchers to spend more time interpreting the results or to perform follow-up experiments. Further this eliminates potential copy-and paste errors or tedious repetitions when things need to be changed. We are sure that this tool will help to improve and speed up scientific discoveries.
Genome-wide association study for yield and yield related traits under reproductive stage drought in a diverse indica-aus rice panel
Authors: Bhandari Aditi , Sandhu Nitika , Bartholome Jérôme , Cao-Hamadoun Tuong-Vi , Ahmadi Nourollah , Kumari Nilima , Kumar Arvind 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

Reproductive-stage drought stress is a major impediment to rice production globally. Conventional and marker-assisted breeding strategies for developing drought tolerant rice varieties are being optimized by mining and exploiting adaptive traits, genetic diversity; identifying the alleles and understanding their interactions with genetic backgrounds for contributing to drought tolerance. Field experiments were conducted in this study to identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) involved in response to yield under reproductive-stage drought. A diverse set of 280 indica-aus accessions was phenotyped for grain yield and nine yield-related traits under normal condition and under two managed drought environments. The accessions were genotyped with 215,250 single nucleotide polymorphism markers.

Results

The study identified a total of 220 significant MTAs and candidate gene analysis within 200kb window centred from GWAS identified SNP peaks detected these MTAs within/ in close proximity to 47 genes, 4 earlier reported major grain yield QTLs and 8 novel QTLs for 10 traits. The significant MTAs were majorly located on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 11 and 12 and the percent phenotypic variance captured for these traits ranged from 5 to 88%. The significant positive correlation of grain yield with yield-related traits, except flowering time, observed under different environments point towards their contribution in improving rice yield under drought. Seven promising accessions were identified for use in future genomics-assisted breeding program targeting grain yield improvement under drought.

Conclusion

These results provide a promising insight into the complex-genetic architecture of grain yield under reproductive-stage drought under different environments. Validation of major genomic regions reported in the study can be effectively used to develop drought tolerant varieties following marker-assisted selection as well as to identify genes and understanding the associated physiological mechanisms.
The effect of different doses of radiation on the morphogical, mechanical and chemical properties of the primary and permanent teeth—an in vitro study
Authors: Duruk Gülsüm , Acar Burçin , Temelli Öztun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background. Radiotherapy, applied to the head and neck region, can cause radiation side effects such as reduction of saliva and radiation caries. The aim of this study was to perform an in vitro assessment of the effects of radiation therapy on the morphological, mechanical, and chemical properties of primary and permanent teeth. Methods. 92 extracted human teeth (46 impacted wisdom teeth, 46- primary molar teeth) were used. The teeth were divided into two directions: the mesiodistal direction and the vestibulolingual direction. The vestibular sections were used for vickers analysis, and lingual sections were used for Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) analysis. The teeth in the experimental group were fixed to wax models. Each model had an equal number of teeth (n=7). The doses were applied to the teeth for 6 weeks; 5 week days and 2Gy daily. After the radiotherapy conducted weekly, a wax model was taken from radiation reception. Along with elemental contents (Ca, P, Na, Mg, P) of the teeth, enamel and dentin microhardness were evaluated, and SEM analyzes were performed on 8 teeth. These teeth were compared with the other non-irradiated sections. Results. Radiation caused a decrease in microhardness of enamel and dentin(p<0.05). In elemental analysis by ICP-OES, it was observed that there were decreases in all doses, while the highest decrease was in 60Gy dose(p<0.01). In the experimental groups, amorphous structures were encountered in SEM images. Conclusions. Radiation has negative effects on the teeth structure and additional studies are needed in this regard. This study indicates that radiotherapy patients are at a higher risk for dental caries