bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of nitrogen application rate on soil fungi community structure in a rice-fish mutualistic system
Authors: Cai Shumei , Lv Weiguang , Zhu Haitao , Zhang Deshan , Fu Zishi , Zhang Hanlin , Xu Sixin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRice-fish mutualistic production systems rationalise the use of water and soil resources in an improved approach to sustainable food production. However, drivers of fungi community structure in paddy soil, including effects of nitrogen (N) application rate, are unclear in these systems. Here, we assessed soil fungi community and soil physicochemical responses in paddy soil to contrasting rates of N application in a rice-fish system. To clarify the mutualistic effects, the rice-fish system was compared with a standard rice monoculture under a 325.5 kg ha−1 N application rate. The results showed that N application rate affected abundance of paddy soil fungi (P < 0.05). Alpha diversity and richness of fungi were lower in the rice-fish system, but evenness increased with a decrease in N application rate, while the rate of N determined diversity of soil fungi in the rice-fish system. Dominant genera in the two systems differed, and soil physicochemical properties were more important drivers of soil fungi community structure in the rice-fish mutualistic system than in rice monoculture. Total N, available N and P regulated the abundance of dominant fungi. Our results indicate that management of soil fungi may contribute to sustainable agricultural production.
Beech and silver fir’s response along the Balkan’s latitudinal gradient
Authors: Čater Matjaž , Levanič Tom 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAt the 1000 km geographical distance in Dinaric montane forests of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), the tree response from the north-western sites towards southern, warmer and dryer sites was performed during three consecutive growing seasons (2011, 2012 and 2013). On eleven permanent plots, positioned in uneven-aged beech and fir forests above 800 m along the geographical gradient, the physiological and morphological response to light intensity were measured in predefined light categories based on the analysis of hemispherical photos. Radial growth was analysed on all plots and compared to precipitation, temperature and two drought indexes. Analysis showed a decrease in the cumulative precipitation and no change in temperature between plots. Beech was most efficient in the open area light conditions, while fir proved most efficient under shelter. Physiological response for beech increased towards SE and reached its maximal values in the middle of transect, while fir’s response decreased from the NW towards SE. Tendency to plagiotropic growth decreased from NW to SE in both species. Growth response to climatic parameters is weak, stronger in fir than in beech and decreasing towards SE.
Relationship between left ventricular isovolumic relaxation flow patterns and mitral inflow patterns studied by using vector flow mapping
Authors: Han Yu , Huang Liang , Li Zhiguo , Ma Na , Li Qiaozhen , Li Yiwei , Wu Ling , Zhang Xiaoxia , Wu Xiaoyi , Che Xinyi , Zhang Haibin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between isovolumic relaxation flow (IRF) patterns in left ventricle (LV) and mitral inflow patterns. Color Doppler loops were acquired for vector flow mapping in apical long-axis view in 57 patients with coronary artery disease, 31 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, and 58 healthy controls. IRF patterns were classified into three categories: pattern A, apically directed flow; pattern B, bidirectional flow with small scattered vortices; and pattern C, a large vortex. All normals and patients with normal LV filling (n = 10) showed pattern A. Patients with impaired relaxation consisted of 31 (66%) patients having pattern A, 11 (23%) having pattern B, and 5 (11%) having pattern C. Patients with pseudonormal filling included 4 (31%) patients having pattern A, 7 (54%) having pattern B, and 2 (15%) having pattern C. In patients with restrictive filling, 14 (78%) showed pattern C, 4 (22%) showed pattern B, and no patient showed pattern A. IRF patterns were associated with LV filling patterns (χ2 = 52.026, p < 0.001). There are significant relationships between LV filling and IRF patterns. IRF patterns may provide an index for evaluation of LV diastolic function.
Retinoid receptor turnover mediated by sumoylation, ubiquitination and the valosin-containing protein is disrupted in glioblastoma
Authors: Rodriguez Virginia , Bailey Rolanda , Larion Mioara , Gilbert Mark R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractResistance to therapeutic use of retinoids in glioma has been observed for over 20 years; however, the exact mechanism of resistance remains unknown. To understand retinoic acid resistance in glioma, we studied the turnover mechanism of retinoid receptor proteins in neural stem cells and glioma stem-like cells. Here, we show that in normal neural stem cells, proteasomal degradation of retinoid receptors involves sumoylation, ubiquitination and recognition by the valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97/Cdc48). We find that Sumo1 modification has a dual role to stabilize the retinoid receptor from unwanted degradation and signal additional modification via ubiquitination. Subsequently, the modified receptor binds to the VCP chaperone and both proteins are degraded by the proteasome. Additionally, we reveal that all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces VCP expression, creating a positive feedback loop that enhances degradation. In contrast, the pathway is impaired in the glioma stem-like cells resulting in the accumulation of sumoylated and high molecular weight forms of retinoid receptors that lack transcriptional activity and fail to be recognized by the proteasome. Moreover, modified receptor accumulation occurs before ATRA treatment; therefore, the transcritptional defect in glioma is due to a block in the proteasomal degradation pathway that occurs after the sumo modification step.
Whole blood transcriptome analysis in ewes fed with hemp seed supplemented diet
Authors: Iannaccone Marco , Ianni Andrea , Contaldi Felice , Esposito Salvatore , Martino Camillo , Bennato Francesca , De Angelis Elisabetta , Grotta Lisa , Pomilio Francesco , Giansante Daniele , Martino Giuseppe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe hemp plant (Cannabis sativa L.) has a long tradition of being used for many different purposes such as industry, medicine and nutrition. In particular, because hemp seed (HS) is rich in oil protein and considerable amounts of dietary fiber, vitamins and minerals that are particularly suitable also for animal nutrition. Different studies have evaluated HS on qualitative and quantitative properties of livestock products but as of today, nobody has investigated the molecular pathway behind HS supplementation in farm animals. Thus, in this study, we will report the first RNA sequencing of the whole-blood transcriptome of ewes fed either with a controlled diet (CTR, n = 5) or with a diet supplemented with 5% of hemp seed (HSG, n = 5). Applying a false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05 and a log2FC either higher than 0.5 or lower than −0.5, we identified 314 differentially regulated genes in the HS-supplemented group compared to the CTR group. Several genes encoding for different subunits belonging to the complex I, II, III, IV and ATP-synthase were up-regulated making oxidative phosphorylation (FDR: 3.05e-19) and thermogenesis (FDR: 2.17e-16) the highest up-regulated pathways in our study. Moreover, we found up-regulation in different genes involved in lactose biosyntheses such as GALK1 and PGM1 and, as a result, we observed a statistically higher lactose percentage in the HSG group (p < 0.05). These results indicate that HS supplementation positively affects the energy production pathway in lactating ewes conferring them also more resistance to adverse climatic conditions such as low temperature. Finally, the higher milk lactose content makes the derived dairy products more profitable.
Isorhamnetin Alleviates Steatosis and Fibrosis in Mice with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Ganbold Munkhzul , Owada Yohei , Ozawa Yusuke , Shimamoto Yasuhiro , Ferdousi Farhana , Tominaga Kenichi , Zheng Yun-Wen , Ohkohchi Nobuhiro , Isoda Hiroko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the most severe and progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can lead to life-threatening conditions, however, there is still no approved drug for the treatment of NASH. In this study we used human-like NASH mouse model and treated orally with isorhamnetin at a dose of 50 mg/kg to analyze the effect of isorhamnetin on the progression of NASH. NASH-induced mice represented severe steatosis with inflammation, and fibrosis in liver accompanied with high level of liver injury markers in serum. Isorhamnetin treatment reduced intrahepatic lipid accumulation and TG content by inhibiting de novo lipogenic pathway in NASH-induced mice. Consistent with this, isorhamnetin-treated NASH mice showed improved liver injury markers, reduced collagen deposition as well as decreased gene expression of fibrogenic markers. Taken together, here we showed for the first time that synthesized isorhamnetin alleviates pathologic features of NASH and thus can potentially contribute to NASH drug development.
Detecting long-lasting transients of earthquake activity on a fault system by monitoring apparent stress, ground motion and clustering
Authors: Picozzi Matteo , Bindi Dino , Zollo Aldo , Festa Gaetano , Spallarossa Daniele 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDamaging earthquakes result from the evolution of stress in the brittle upper-crust, but the understanding of the mechanics of faulting cannot be achieved by only studying the large ones, which are rare. Considering a fault as a complex system, microearthquakes allow to set a benchmark in the system evolution. Here, we investigate the possibility to detect when a fault system starts deviating from a predefined benchmark behavior by monitoring the temporal and spatial variability of different micro-and-small magnitude earthquakes properties. We follow the temporal evolution of the apparent stress and of the event-specific residuals of ground shaking. Temporal and spatial clustering properties of microearthquakes are monitored as well. We focus on a fault system located in Southern Italy, where the Mw 6.9 Irpinia earthquake occurred in 1980. Following the temporal evolution of earthquakes parameters and their time-space distribution, we can identify two long-lasting phases in the seismicity patterns that are likely related to high pressure fluids in the shallow crust, which were otherwise impossible to decipher. Monitoring temporal and spatial variability of micro-to-small earthquakes source parameters at near fault observatories can have high potential as tool for providing us with new understanding of how the machine generating large earthquakes works.
Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy on NOX5, mPGES1 and iNOS expression in Barrett’s Esophagus
Authors: Li Dan , Deconda Deepthi , Li Aihua , Habr Fadlallah , Cao Weibiao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAcid reflux may contribute to the progression from Barrett’s esophagus (BE) to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). However, it is not clear whether the molecular changes present in BE patients are reversible after proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment. In this study we examined whether PPI treatment affects NOX5, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. We found that NADPH oxidase 5 (NOX5), mPGES-1 and iNOS were significantly increased in BE mucosa. One-month PPI treatment significantly decreased NOX5, mPGES1 and iNOS. In BAR-T cells, NOX5 mRNA and p16 promoter methylation increased after pulsed acid treatment in a time-dependent manner. Four or eight-week-acid induced increase in NOX5 mRNA, NOX5 protein and p16 methylation may be reversible. Twelve-week acid treatment also significantly increased NOX5, mPGES1 and iNOS mRNA expression. However, twelve-week-acid-induced changes only partially restored or did not recover at all after the cells were cultured at pH 7.2 for 8 weeks. We conclude that NOX5, mPGES1 and iNOS may be reversible after PPI treatment. Short-term acid-induced increase in NOX5 expression and p16 methylation might be reversible, whereas long-term acid-induced changes only partially recovered 8 weeks after removal of acid treatment.
Seasonal variation of idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo correlates with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels: a six-year registry study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Shu Liang , Wu Jing , Jiang Chun-Yan , Sun Xu-Hong , Pan Hui , Fang Jie , Tang Yi , Wu Si-Cheng , Liu Jian-Ren , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSeasonal variation of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) occurrence has been reported in recent years. Whether the seasonality of BPPV also exists in Chinese patients and whether it correlates with serum vitamin D levels is unexplored. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1269 new-onset idiopathic BPPV patients registered in our vertigo outpatient clinic over a six-year period. Additionally, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels during this period were measured in 877 patients by chemiluminescence immunoassay. We delineated the changing trend of the monthly BPPV patient numbers and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, and the correlation between them was explored. December to next March is the top 4 months with higher BPPV patient numbers. The median BPPV patient numbers in winter group were higher than those in summer group (20 vs. 16 patients, p < 0.05). Median 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in winter group were much lower than those in summer group (16.3 vs. 20.8 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and autumn group (16.3 vs. 19.3 ng/ml, p < 0.05). A moderate negative correlation was observed between median serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and BPPV patient numbers each month. The onset of BPPV also shows a seasonal fluctuation in Chinese patients. This phenomenon may be related to serum vitamin D levels.
Nonlinear relationship between early life stress exposure and subsequent resilience in monkeys
Authors: Parker Karen J. , Buckmaster Christine L. , Hyde Shellie A. , Schatzberg Alan F. , Lyons David M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRetrospective correlational studies of humans suggest that moderate but not minimal or substantial early life stress exposure promotes the development of stress inoculation-induced resilience. Here we test for a nonlinear relationship between early life stress and resilience by comparing varying “doses” of early life stress. Juvenile squirrel monkeys underwent one of five treatment conditions between 17–27 weeks of age: Stress inoculation (SI) with continuous access to mother (SI + Mom; one stress element), SI without continuous access to mother (SI; two stress elements), SI without continuous access to mother and with alprazolam injection pretreatments (SI + Alz; three stress elements), SI without continuous access to mother and with vehicle injection pretreatments (SI + Veh; three stress elements), or standard housing (No SI; zero stress elements). Alprazolam was used to test whether anxiolytic medication diminished SI effects. Subjects exposed to one or two early life stressors subsequently responded with fewer indications of anxiety (e.g., decreased maternal clinging, increased object exploration, smaller cortisol increases) compared to No SI subjects. Subjects exposed to three early life stressors did not differ on most measures from one another or from No SI subjects. These findings provide empirical support for a nonlinear J-shaped relationship between early life stress exposure and subsequent resilience.
Genetic Ablation of Calcium-independent Phospholipase A2γ Exacerbates Glomerular Injury in Adriamycin Nephrosis in Mice
Authors: Elimam Hanan , Papillon Joan , Guillemette Julie , Navarro-Betancourt José R. , Cybulsky Andrey V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGenetic ablation of calcium-independent phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ) in mice results in marked damage of mitochondria and enhanced autophagy in glomerular visceral epithelial cells (GECs) or podocytes. The present study addresses the role of iPLA2γ in glomerular injury. In adriamycin nephrosis, deletion of iPLA2γ exacerbated albuminuria and reduced podocyte number. Glomerular LC3-II increased and p62 decreased in adriamycin-treated iPLA2γ knockout (KO) mice, compared with treated control, in keeping with increased autophagy in KO. iPLA2γ KO GECs in culture also demonstrated increased autophagy, compared with control GECs. iPLA2γ KO GECs showed a reduced oxygen consumption rate and increased phosphorylation of AMP kinase (pAMPK), consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction. Adriamycin further stimulated pAMPK and autophagy. After co-transfection of GECs with mito-YFP (to label mitochondria) and RFP-LC3 (to label autophagosomes), or RFP-LAMP1 (to label lysosomes), there was greater colocalization of mito-YFP with RFP-LC3-II and with RFP-LAMP1 in iPLA2γ KO GECs, compared with WT, indicating enhanced mitophagy in KO. Adriamycin increased mitophagy in WT cells. Thus, iPLA2γ has a cytoprotective function in the normal glomerulus and in glomerulopathy, as deletion of iPLA2γ leads to mitochondrial damage and impaired energy homeostasis, as well as autophagy and mitophagy.
Rates of Prelinguistic Communication and Early Symbol Use in Young Children With Down Syndrome: Using a Progress-Monitoring Tool to Model Growth
Authors: Romano Mollie , Kaiser Ann , Lounds-Taylor Julie , Woods Juliann 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThis study aims to provide descriptive data on rates of expressive communication skill use in young children with Down syndrome (DS) across early childhood. Children with DS are known to have delays in expressive communication, but there are little current data on rates of communication in early skills, such as gestures, vocalizations, words, and word combinations. In addition, few studies use measures that offer a composite or “across-skills” view of early development across time.MethodThis article used a longitudinal descriptive design to generate growth curves for expected rates of communication in young children with DS in 4 major skill elements as measured by the Individual Growth and Development Indicator–Early Communication Index. Using data from 19 children aged 11–42 months with DS, we used hierarchical linear modeling to generate growth curves for children with DS while comparing them to the benchmarked data available for children who are typically developing.ResultsResults indicate relative strengths in gesture use, a longer period of vocalizations, and lower rates of growth in single and multiple word combinations across time. Children differed significantly from one another on all parameters.ConclusionThese data indicate a need to develop and research interventions to support the transition from gestures to words and that support early word combinations in young children with DS.
Die Geschichte der operativen Arthrosetherapie
Authors: Ruhnau Klaus , Becher Christoph 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungThe operative Entwicklung der Arthrosetherapie beginnt in der Mitte des 19
Jahrhunderts. Voraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche operative Therapie
waren die Einführung der Narkose und das Verständnis für
eine adäquate Hygiene mit Asepis, Antisepsis und Sterilisation. Erst
hiernach konnten die technischen Errungenschaften der industriellen Revolution
mit der Nutzung des elektrischen Lichtes und der Röntgenstrahlen eine
erfolgreiche operative Arthrosetherapie initiieren. Nach der zunehmenden
Perfektionierung der Instrumente mit Etablierung der arthroskopischen Verfahren,
der Individualisierung der Endoprothetik und der nicht-invasiven Diagnostik
stehen seit dem Ende des 20ten Jahrhunderts die regenerativen Verfahren zur
Vermeidung beziehungsweise Verzögerung einer Gelenkarthrose im
Vordergrund.
Arbeitsplatzbezogene Belastungen und Ressourcen von ausländischen 24-Stunden-Betreuungskräften in deutschen Privathaushalten – eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Schilgen Benjamin , Savcenko Katja , Nienhaus Albert , Mösko Mike 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie 24-Stunden-Betreuungskräfte, die in deutschen Privathaushalten haushalts- und personennahe Dienstleistungen für ältere pflegebedürftige Menschen erbringen, stammen meist aus dem Ausland. Diese Arbeitsverhältnisse liegen in der Regel außerhalb tariflich oder arbeitsrechtlich verbindlicher Vereinbarungen. Betreuungskräfte erfahren soziale Isolation sowie eine Vermischung von Arbeit und Privatsphäre. Die Studienlage ist aufgrund der schwierigen Erreichbarkeit der Zielgruppe sehr lückenhaft. Die vorliegende Studie ist eine qualitative explorative Analyse der Arbeits- und Gesundheitssituation von 24-Stunden-Betreuungskräften mit dem Fokus auf arbeitsplatzbezogene Belastungen und Ressourcen.
Methodik Die Rekrutierung erfolgte über Vermittlungsagenturen, Onlineportale, soziale Netzwerke und Vereine. Es wurden 9 semistrukturierte Interviews mit ausländischen 24-Stunden-Betreuungskräften in Privathaushalten geführt. Die Auswertung orientierte sich an der zusammenfassenden Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring mit einer induktiven Kategorienbildung.
Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung Ständige Verfügbarkeit, Verständigungsschwierigkeiten und interpersonelle Konflikte sind alltägliche Belastungen für ausländische 24-Stunden-Betreuungskräfte. Diese Belastungen gehen mit Beeinträchtigungen der psychischen und physischen Gesundheit in Form von Erschöpfung, Schlaflosigkeit, erhöhter Reizbarkeit und Depressionssymptomen einher. Die Probandinnen erfahren aber auch Unterstützung durch Dritte und können sich emotional und räumlich von der direkten Betreuungssituation distanzieren. Das Erleben von Dankbarkeit, die Erfahrung akzeptiert zu werden aber auch eine finanzielle Absicherung werden als weitere relevante Ressourcen genannt. Die Sichtbarmachung der Zielgruppe ist forschungsbezogen durch einen ressourcenintensiven Rekrutierungsaufwand und politisch durch die Einführung einer gemeinsamen Berufsdefinition zu gewährleisten.
Patientenversorgung der Zukunft
Authors: Dähnert Enrico , Weiß Björn , Becherer Sabine , Denke Claudia , Edel Andreas , Gaßner Martina , Görtzen Susanne , Kirsten Sascha , Kleinwächter Robin , Krampe Henning , Menk Mario , Paul Nicolas , Roßberg Kerstin , Steinecke Karin , Spies Claudia ,   das ERIC-Konsortium
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungAn der Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin wird gegenwärtig ein telemedizinisches Zentrum der Intensivmedizin etabliert. Ziel ist es, durch eine strukturierte Implementierung von Qualitätsindikatoren der DIVI Langzeitfolgen der Intensivmedizin zu verhindern. Pflegefachkräfte der Charité sind an der Aufbauarbeit dieses Zentrums beteiligt. In einem geförderten Pilotprojekt finden dort seit Dezember 2018 in einem regionalen Netzwerk aus Kliniken in Berlin und Brandenburg im Rahmen einer klinischen Studie multiprofessionelle Televisiten statt.
Kaufsucht im Internet
Authors: Müller Astrid , Trotzke Patrick , Steins-Löber Sabine 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungMit der zunehmenden Digitalisierung des Alltagslebens ist eine Verlagerung traditioneller Kaufsucht ins Internet zu beobachten. Die analoge und digitale Variante von Kaufsucht unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich wesentlicher Merkmale nicht voneinander. Dies betrifft die starke gedankliche Beschäftigung mit kaufbezogenen Themen und Konsumgütern, das intensive Kaufverlangen, den wiederholten Kontrollverlust über den Warenkonsum und die resultierenden negativen Folgen. Allerdings geschieht Online-Shopping simultaner, schneller und unterliegt wesentlich weniger körperlichen und zeitlichen Begrenzungen als traditionelles Einkaufen. Bei Online-Kaufsucht sind spezifische Internetnutzungserwartungen relevant, z. B. die Erwartung von Anonymität, Produktvielfalt und prompter Induktion positiver Gefühle. Dieses narrative Review informiert über die digitale Variante von Kaufsucht und geht auf aktuelle theoretische Modelle von Online-Kaufsucht sowie auf experimentelle Studien ein.