bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMBERIAN RANSUM DENGAN DOSIS HERBAL YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP SUSUT TETAS, MORTALITAS EMBRIO, DAN DAYA HIDUP DOC AYAM PERSILANGAN
Authors: Khaira Nova, dan Syahrio Tantalo Ramdan Febrianto, Rudy Sutrisna, 
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of giving ration with different herbal doses on the hatching shrinkage, embryo mortality, and DOC viability of crossbred chickens, and also to know the best dosage of herbal in the ration on the parameters. This research was conducted in October 2018 in the poultry house of Integrated Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The chickens used were 20 females and 4 males of crossbreed chickens between male Lohman brown and female kampong (3/4 Lohman brown + 1/4 kampong) in laying phase (aged 51 weeks). The treatment given were ration with different doses, namely without herbs (H0), 1 g/1 kg (H1), 2 g/1 kg (H2), and 3 g/1 kg (H3). Hatched shrinkage data were analyzed using variance analysis at 5% significance level and continued with the Least Significant Difference test. Data on embryo mortality and DOC viability obtained were tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the lowest average value of hatching shrinkage was found in ration with herbal 1 g/kg, and the highest value of embryo mortality and the lowest DOC viability was found in ration treatment without herbs.

Keywords: Rations, Hatching shrinkage, Embryo mortality, DOC viability, Crossbred chicken
EVALUASI MASTITIS SUBKLINIS PADA SAPI PERAH DI PETERNAKAN RAKYAT KAPUPATEN TANGGAMUS MENGGUNAKAN UJI MASTITIS DAN JUMLAH SEL SOMATIK
Authors: Hadi Dian Cahya , Wanniatie Veronica , Qisthon Arif , Santosa Purnama Edy 
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to determine the presence or absence of subclinical mastitis cases with mastitis test IPB-1 and somatic cell count calculation of the Breed method for dairy milk farm in Tanggamus Regency. The study was conducted in January 2020. Milk specimens were taken from farmers in Gisting Atas and Air Naningan district areas of Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province. Specimen testing was carried out at the Animal Production Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. Specimens of milk used were obtained from farms in the Gisting Atas region as many as 9 lactation dairy cows and 10 lactation dairy cows from farms in the Air Naningan region. This research method was a survey by taking farm data through interviews, taking milk specimens for mastitis testing with the reagents of IPB-1, taking specimens to be used as preparations which are then tested to somatic cell count using the breed method. The variables observed were the results of mastitis test and the results of somatic cell counts in dairy milk. Data were processed in tabulation and histogram then explained descriptively. The mastitis test results showed that 33% of cow nipples from Gisting Atas farms and 37% of nipples from Air Naningan farms positively had subclinical mastitis. Calculation of the number of somatic cells showed that the average number of somatic cells was 2,341,538 cells / ml for the Gisting Atas area and as much as 821,176 cells / ml for the Air Naningan region.

Keywords: Subclinical mastitis, IPB-1 test, Breed method, Somatic cells, dairy milk
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN AMONIASI DAN FERMENTASI KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP NILAI KECERNAAN PROTEIN KASAR DAN SERAT KASAR PADA DOMBA EKOR TIPIS JANTAN
Authors: Ilhamsah Ilhamsah , Muhtarudin Muhtarudin , Wijaya Agung Kusuma , Liman Liman 
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect of ammoniation and fermentation of cassava peel on the digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber and the best effect of ammoniation or fermentation on the digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber in thin-tail sheep. This research was conducted in April-August 2019 in the sheepfold of Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The research used 9 male thin-tail sheep, feedstuff, and sheepfold with 9 pens and feed bunk. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisted of 3 replications and 3 treatments. The treatments given were R0 (basal ration + 15% cassava peel), R1 (basal ration + 15% fermented cassava peel) and R2 (basal ration + 15% ammoniated cassava peel). Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and continued with Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at 5% and or 1% significant level. The results showed that the effect of ammoniation and fermentation treatment of cassava peel had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on crude protein digestibility and crude fiber digestibility.

Keywords: Thin-tail sheep, Crude protein, Crude fiber, Ammoniated and fermented cassava peel, digestibility
Good governance in strategic planning of local development in rural and urban-rural gminas of the eastern peripheral voivodeships of Poland
Authors: Guzal-Dec Danuta , Zbucki Łukasz , Kuś Agnieszka 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The work aimed to determine the scope of the good governance approach in the local development planning of local governments of rural and urban-rural gminas in the eastern peripheral voivodeships of Poland (Lubelskie, Podlaskie and Świętokrzyskie Voivodeships) and how the implementation of good governance principles in the process of elaborating and implementing local development strategies correlates with assessments of the strategy's suitability as a development management tool. The research used methods of analysis and criticism of the literature, statistical analysis and a survey method using an interview questionnaire addressed to local government authorities. According to our research, especially at the stage of developing the strategy, actions were taken regarding local-community and local-authority participation and active communication between the two, but a lower level of community participation was found at the implementation stage. There was a statistically significant relationship between adopting the principle of participation and accountability in preparing and implementing the strategy and how suitable the strategy was assessed to be as a tool for development management. It seems reasonable to apply the principles of good governance more widely in planning local development, not only while developing the strategy, but also in its implementation.
Potential and cumulative accessibility of workplaces by public transport in Szczecin
Authors: Goliszek Sławomir , Połom Marcin , Duma Patryk 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe article presents the accessibility of workplaces in Szczecin using the method of potential and cumulative accessibility for commuting by public transport. The public transport commuting times used in the study were generated using the public transport model, which was developed based on data in the General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) format. The results of potential accessibility by public transport were calculated for several selected time thresholds in the morning rush hours between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m.. On the other hand, cumulative accessibility is characterised by variability of travel times for 8 a.m., which is calculated in 10- to 60-minute intervals of travel time. The aim of this study is to identify workplaces in Szczecin that are situated in areas where accessibility is more dependent on the parameters of the public-transport timetable. In addition, a possibility to define the optimal journey length was assumed so that it would regard the largest number of jobs. The use of the two indicated research methods for the accessibility of workplaces in Szczecin provides a result in the form of better- and less-accessible areas of the city as regards the labour market. The results regarding the accessibility of workplaces using the two methods identify places of increased demand for commuting by public transport during the morning rush hours.
A note on the optimal scope of professional self-regulation
Authors: Szczygielski Krzysztof 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Professions such as doctors and lawyers often enjoy some degree of self-regulation, i.e. they can set the codes of conduct in the market and even determine the rules for joining the profession. We address the problem of the optimal scope of self-regulation. Specifically, we model a profession that can decide about the quality of the service, and we examine if the profession should also be allowed to determine the number of suppliers. We assume that a larger number of professionals reduce the fixed cost of providing quality, and hence the motive to restrict entry is mitigated. Nonetheless, we find that for well-behaved fixed costs functions, the size of the profession preferred by the professionals is smaller than the socially optimal one. Still, if the only alternative to self-regulation is free entry to the profession, then self-regulation is the preferable regime. These findings are relevant for the services that are difficult to substitute by the services produced outside the profession.
Comprehensive defence in Latvia – rebranding state defence and call for society's involvement
Authors: Atmante Kristine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article explores how comprehensive defence has been introduced in Latvia, and focuses on society's involvement and tasks in the state defence. This approach envisages a significant change in society's relationship with the armed forces and state defence. Differently from many other countries, Latvia maintains its system without introducing conscription and instead puts efforts towards youth education in defence. Additionally, the Ministry of Defence involves different society groups and NGOs in defining their role in state defence. This article also discusses the concepts of resistance and non-collaboration as part of comprehensive defence.
Export Development of Belarus
Authors: Samakhavets Maryia , Hrechyshkina Olena 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper contains a deep analysis of exports of Belarus and defines the proposals for its development. Economic comparisons and systematisation, which is based on the official statistical data for 2012–2018, are used in the study. It is concluded that Belarus exports have a poor diversification; export development is largely determined by Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) integrating processes; export support of innovative goods and evolution of a single service market through the enhanced cooperation are possible. A generalised model for the export development of innovative goods and services of the EAEU member states on a cooperative basis is proposed.
Exploring the Role of Socio-Economic and Built Environment Driving Factors in Shaping the Commuting Modal Share: A Path-Analysis-Based Approach
Authors: Boukarta Soufiane , Berezowska-Azzag Ewa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper explores the role of the built environment and socio-economic drivers in shaping the modal share of commuting. For this, we have identified through our literature review 67 potential variables categorised into two groups; the built environment and the households’ socio-economic characteristics. We have considered the city of Djelfa as a case study and used the questionnaire as a data collection tool. The questionnaire processing of the 700 questionnaires provided to the households allowed us to select 184 questionnaires for our analysis. The sensitivity analysis protocol is designed for two stages; (i) an exploratory stage, conducted by principal component analysis and bivariate correlation analysis; (ii) and a confirmatory stage conducted by a path analysis. The first step allowed us to hypothesise several causal pathways that could explain, directly or indirectly, the modal share of commuting. The results of the path analysis show that the modal shares of walking, private car and public transit are controlled by 13, 16 and 12 explanatory variables, respectively. Overall, the socio-economic characteristics of households discourage walking and transit use, and encourage private car commuting. On the other hand, the variables identified in this paper related to the built environment discourage walking, but encourage the use of public transit rather than private cars for commuting.
Bansi Organology: Minangkabau Wind Instrument Production of Hamdan Thawil in Padangpanjang
Authors: Hidayat Hengki Armez , Yensharti Yensharti , Saaduddin Saaduddin 
Published: December 2020

This research examines the production process of making Minangkabau wind instrument, Bansi, produced by Hamdan Thawil. This research began by observing the stages of making Bansi, then about production factors that affect the production process. The results of this study include; 1) the selection and processing of raw materials, 2) the use of tools, 3) the manufacturing phase of Bansi and the factors of production; 1) natural resource factor, 2) human resource factor, 3) capital resource factor and 4) expertise/ skill factor. The research was conducted with a case study approach and using qualitative methods. Data collection techniques were carried out using participatory observation, interviews, documentation, and triangulation. Organologi Bansi: Alat Musik Tiup Minangkabau Produksi Hamdan Thawil di Padangpanjang. Penelitian ini mengkaji proses produksi pembuatan alat musik tiup Minangkabau, Bansi, produksi Hamdan Thawil. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan mengamati tahapan pembuatan bansi, kemudian tentang faktor-faktor produksi yang mempengaruhi proses produksi. Hasil penelitian ini meliputi; 1) pemilihan dan pengolahan bahan baku, 2) penggunaan alat, 3) tahap pembuatan bansi dan faktor produksi; 1) faktor sumber daya alam, 2) faktor sumber daya manusia, 3) faktor sumber daya permodalan dan 4) faktor keahlian/keterampilan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi partisipatif, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan triangulasi.
KERANGKA MANUSIA DARI SITUS GUA JAUHARLIN 1, KOTA BARU, KALIMANTAN SELATAN [THE HUMAN SKELETON FROM GUA JAUHARLIN 1, KOTA BARU, KALIMANTAN SELATAN]
Authors: Murti Delta Bayu , Herwanto Eko , Fajari Nia Marniati Etie , Oktrivia Ulce , Kuswanta Gregorius Dwi , Wibisono Muhammad Wishnu , Koesbardiati Toetik 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian di situs Gua Jauharlin 1 telah dilakukan selama dua tahun, pada 2018 dan 2019. Pada tahun kedua diperoleh temuan kerangka manusia. Kondisinya hampir lengkap, tanpa bagian kaki, dan diberi kode GJL 1.1. Akan tetapi, di dekat cranium GJL 1.1, ditemukan sepasang tulang kaki manusia yang diduga milik individu GJL 1.1. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan identitas rangka GJL 1.1 berkaitan dengan data individu dan analisis konteks kuburnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis makroskopis untuk data individu GJL 1.1, serta pendekatan arkeotanatologi untuk analisis konteks kuburnya. Analisis makroskopis menghasilkan informasi profil biologis GJL 1.11, yang mengindikasikan individu berjenis kelamin laki-laki, umur 26,9-42,5 tahun, tinggi badan 155,1 cm–165 cm, dan memiliki afiliasi dengan populasi Asia. Aktivitas mengunyah sirih pinang terindikasi berdasarkan fitur warna kuning kecoklatan pada permukaan labial dan buccal gigi individu GJL 1.1. Hasil analisis arkeotanatologi menunjukkan arsitektur kubur peletakan-penimbunan mayat GJL 1.1, serta tipe kubur yang bersifat primer. Hasil uji short tandem repeat combined deoxyribonucleic acid index system (STR CODIS) dengan menggunakan sampel dari sepasang tulang kaki dan rangka GJL 1.1, menunjukkan bahwa keduanya adalah individu yang berbeda.
The two-season researches in Gua Jauharlin 1 site were carried out in 2018 and 2019. A human skeleton, sans its lower limbs, was discovered during the second season of excavation and coded GJL 1.1. However, a pair of human leg bones were found close to the cranium of GJL 1.1, which was suggested to belong to the individual of GJL 1.1. The research objective was to determine the identity of the GJL 1.1 in association with its individual attribute and the analysis of its burial context. This study uses a macroscopic analysis method to obtain individual data of GJL 1.1, as well as an archeothanatology approach to analyse the burial context. The macroscopic analysis yielded information on the biological profile of GJL 1.11 suggesting the individual is male, aged 26.9-42.5 years, height 155.1-165 cm, and has an affiliation with the Asian population. The brownish-yellow stain on the labial and buccal surface of human teeth of GJL 1.1 indicate betel nut chewing. The result of archeothanatological analysis suggests the architecture of the burial of GJL 1.1 with regard to laying-covering corpses and a primary burial. The results of the short tandem repeat combined deoxyribonucleic acid index system (STR CODIS) test, using samples from a pair of leg bones and the GJL 1.1 skeleton, indicate that the two came from different individuals.
PROSES PEMBENTUKAN BUDAYA DAN DINAMIKA FUNGSI SARKOFAGUS PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI PETANU [CULTURAL FORMATION PROCESS AND THE FUNCTION DYNAMICS OF SARCOPHAGUS IN THE PETANU RIVER CATCHMENT]
Authors: Arisanti Nyoman , Sunarya Nyoman 
Published: December 2020

Terdapat tiga daerah aliran sungai (DAS) yang mengandung tinggalan arkeologi yang tinggi, antara lain adalah DAS Pakerisan, DAS Wos, dan DAS Petanu. Salah satu tinggalan arkeologi masa prasejarah yang ditemukan pada DAS Petanu adalah sarkofagus. Sarkofagus DAS Petanu masih difungsikan oleh penduduk setempat sampai saat ini. Sarkofagus masuk kembali dalam sistem konteks sekali lagi, setelah melalui serangkaian proses pembentukan budaya, dan perubahan fungsi dalam tatanan kehidupan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami proses pembentukan budaya yang terjadi pada sarkofagus. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan fungsi sarkofagus dan faktor yang melatarbelakangi perubahan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan induktif-kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Sarkofagus telah mengalami berbagai proses mulai dari buat, pakai, buang, hingga digunakan kembali oleh masyarakat setempat saat ini. Terlepas dari signifikansinya dalam sistem ideologis, sarkofagus telah mengalami pergeseran fungsi dari konteks pemakaman menjadi ritus keagamaan yang lebih sakral. Perubahan fungsi sarkofagus ini disebabkan karena adanya perubahan ideologi masyarakat masa kini, dan adanya kepercayaan mengenai kekuatan benda kuno dalam masyarakat Hindu di Bali.
There are three river catchments (DAS) that present abundant archaeological remains, including the Pakerisan, the Wos, and the Petanu. One of the prehistoric archaeological remains found in the Petanu river catchment is a sarcophagus. The sarcophagi of the Petanu river catchment are still used by local residents today. After going through a series of processes of cultural formation and changes in function in people’s living structure, once again the Petanu sarcophagi re-enters a context system. This study aims to comprehend the cultural formation process that has affected the purpose of the Petanu sarcophagi. Further, this study also aims to determine changes in the function of sarcophagi and the factors which caused the changes. This study uses qualitative-inductive reasoning. Data was collected by interview, observation, and literature study. The sarcophagi have undergone various processes ranging from making, using, disposing of, to being reused by the local community today. Despite its significance in the ideological system, the sarcophagus has undergone a shift in function from the context of a funeral to that of a more sacred religious rite. Such alteration in the function of the sarcophagus is due to changes in the ideology of today's society, and the belief in the power of ancient objects in Hindu society in Bali.
Komodifikasi Perempuan pada Iklan Pond's Perfecting Cream Edisi WOW! Featuring Maudy Ayunda (2019)
Authors: Fauziah Nurul , Puspita Ratna 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membongkar makna simbol atau bahasa verbal dan nonverbal dalam iklan Pond’s Edisi WOW! untuk mengetahui praktik komodifikasi perempuan pada iklan tersebut. Tujuan penelitian lainnya, yakni mengetahui makna realitas, makna representasi, dan makna ideologi dalam iklan Pond's Edisi WOW! Featuring Maudy Ayunda (2019). Komodifikasi perempuan pada iklan ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik femvertising (female advertising) bukan berarti tidak menempatkan perempuan sebagai objek. Alih-alih melakukan pemberdayaan perempuan, praktik femvertising justru membuat perempuan semakin terpinggirkan dalam teks media. Perempuan dicitrakan beragam hanya pada persoalan gaya berpakaian, dan warna kulit, bukan pada hal-hal subtansial seperti kerja keras, independensi, dan determinasi. Penelitian ini beranggapan bahwa praktik femvertising bukanlah strategi memberdayakan perempuan dengan mengkonstruksikan pesan-pesan yang membangun. Praktik femvertising hanyalah kedok kapitalisme untuk membungkus iklan dengan daya tarik tertentu sehingga perempuan memberikan perhatian. Perhatian perempuan kepada suatu produk akan mengantarkannya kepada keputusan membeli, yang pada gilirannya akan mendatangkan keuntungan bagi produk. Kata kunci:komodifikasi, perempuan dalam iklan, semiotika, john fiske
Autokinesis illusion in fighter flying revisited
Authors: Sannigrahi P , Kumar A , Mishra S , Nataraja MS 
Published: December 2020

Introduction:
Autokinesis refers to the perception of motion which is experienced by an aircrew when he fixates his gaze on a stationary point/source of light in an otherwise completely darkened environment. A study was conducted in the Department of Acceleration Physiology and Spatial Orientation, Institute of Aerospace Medicine to determine the time taken for onset of autokinesis in the disorientation simulator (Air Fox DISO) and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies to break the illusion.

Material and Methods:
A total of 103 randomly selected fighter pilots participated in the study. They were briefed about the illusion and the various interventions used to counteract it, such as: (a) Shrugging of shoulders without breaking gaze, (b) stretching of arms without breaking gaze, (c) breaking of gaze for 5 s and (d) breaking of gaze for 10 s (if the illusion is not broken after breaking of gaze for 5 s). Time taken for autokinesis to set in and the effectiveness of the interventions used were noted. Subjective feedback from the participating aircrew was also obtained on their experience on autokinesis illusion in active flying through a structured questionnaire.

Results:
The average time required for onset of the autokinesis illusion in the DISO was observed to be 20.3 ± 15.5 s (range 4.1–121.4 s). Of the 103 aircrew participants, 100 (97.1%) reported that the intervention of stretching of arms was effective, 94 aircrew (91.3%) reported that the intervention of shoulder shrug was effective in breaking the illusion and 99 aircrew (96.1%) were able to counter the illusion by breaking their gaze for duration of 5 s. Autokinesis was experienced in active flying by 17 aircrew, accounting for an incidence of 16.5%. This study reveals that autokinesis involves the interplay of vision, vestibular system, as well as the proprioceptive stimulus in counteracting this illusion. A combination of gaze break and shoulder shrug/arm stretch could be the most appropriate intervention strategy under such circumstances. The operational scenarios conducive for causing this illusion and the physiological basis for the various intervention strategies have been discussed.

Conclusion:
The autokinesis illusion though considered benign has got significant potential for distraction during operational flying. The intervention strategies discussed in the study are effective in breaking the illusion. The pilot community needs to be aware of the preconditions, mechanism, and effectiveness of the intervention strategies in countering this illusion.