bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical uncertainties of muon transport calculations for very large volume neutrino telescopes
Authors: Sandrock A , Kokoulin R P , Petrukhin A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Underground cosmic-ray experiments, including very large volume neutrino telescopes, depend on a precise description of the interaction cross sections of muons, which can travel large distances before reaching the detector. High-energy muons lose their energy almost exclusively via four processes: ionization, electron-positron pair production, bremsstrahlung and inelastic interaction with nuclei. At low energies, ionization is the dominant process, while above energies of about a TeV, the three other processes dominate the energy loss. We discuss the uncertainties of the cross sections of the energy loss processes used in the simulation chain of current very large volume neutrino telescopes and review recent theoretical improvements.
Intensity of muon bundles according to the NEVOD-DECOR cosmic ray experiment
Authors: Bogdanov A G , Barbashina N S , Chernov D V , Khokhlov S S , Kindin V V , Kokoulin R P , Kompaniets K G , Mannocchi G , Petrukhin A A , Trinchero G , Shutenko V V , Yashin I I , Yurina E A , Zadeba E A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Data of NEVOD-DECOR experiment on investigations of inclined cosmic ray muon bundles for a long time period (May 2012 – May 2020) are presented. Their comparison with the results of calculations based on simulations of extensive air shower hadron and muon components is carried out. The analysis showed that the observed intensity of muon bundles at primary particle energies of about 1018 eV and higher can be compatible with the expectation only under the assumption of an extremely heavy mass composition of cosmic rays. On the contrary, measurements of the depth of the shower maximum in the atmosphere in the experiments using air fluorescence technique, favour a light mass composition of primary cosmic rays at these energies.
Performances of ENDA-INR prototype array
Authors: Shchegolev O , Alekseenko V , Kuleshov D , Levochkin K , Stenkin Yu , Stepanov V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Electron Neutron Detector Array (ENDA) is an ambitious project inside the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) in China, Tibet. ENDA is intended to measure simultaneously electronic and hadronic components of the extensive air showers (EAS) over large area of 104 m2. The array will consist of 400 specially developed electron-neutron detectors based on inorganic ZnS(Ag) + B
2
O
3 scintillator compound. The prototype ENDA cluster of 16 electron-neutron detectors has been build in Moscow in the Institute for Nuclear Research of Russian Academy of Sciences and named ENDA-INR. The main goal of the array is to test techniques of simultaneous measurement of extensive air showers and background variations using pulse shape selection. Details of the array and its techniques are presented.
Possibilities of the Tunka-Grande and TAIGA-Muon scintillation arrays with the TAIGA-HiSCORE Cherenkov array joint operation in the research of cosmic and gamma rays
Authors: Ivanova A , Budnev N , Chiavassa A , Dyachok A , Gafarov A , Garmash A , Grebenyuk V , Gress O , Gress T , Grishin O , Grinyuk A , Horns D , Kalmykov N , Kindin V , Kiryuhin S , Kokoulin R , Kompaniets K , Korosteleva E , Kotovschikov I , Kozhin V , Kravchenko E , Krykov A , Kuzmichev L , Lagutin A , Lemeshev Y , Lubsandorzhiev B , Lubsandorzhiev N , Mirgazov R , Mirzoyan R , Monkhoev R , Osipova E , Pakhorukov A , Pan A , Panasyuk M , Pankov L , Petrukhin A , Poleschuk V , Popova E , Porelli A , Postnikov E , Prosin V , Ptuskin V , Pushnin A , Raikin R , Rubtsov G , Rybov E , Sagan Y , Samoliga V , Silaev A , Silaev A , Sidorenkov A , Skurikhin A , Slunecka C , Sokolov A , Suvorkin Y , Sveshnikova L , Tabolenko V , Tanaev A , Tarashansky B , Ternovoy M , Tkachev L , Tluczykont M , Togoo R , Ushakov N , Vaidyanathan A , Volchugov P , Voronin D , Wischnevski R , Zagorodnikov A , Zhurov D , Yashin I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Tunka-Grande scintillation array is part of the TAIGA Gamma Observatory. It is intended for investigation of energy spectrum and mass composition of primary cosmic rays in the energy range 10 PeV–10 EeV and the search for diffuse cosmic gamma rays. The TAIGA-HiSCORE Cherenkov array aims at observing gamma-rays with the energy from 1 TeV. TAIGA-Muon low-threshold scintillation detector array is a network of surface and underground detectors for registration charge particles of EAS. Currently, 3 clusters have been deployed. The first cluster is running in test mode. It is planed that in the future the total area of the TAIGA-Muon will be about 2000 sq. m. and it will search astrophysical gamma-rays in the energy range from 100 TeV together with the Tunka-Grande scintillation array and the Cherenkov experiments of the TAIGA Gamma Observatory. To evaluate the possibility of join operation Tunka-Grande, TAIGA-Muon and TAIGA-HiSCORE, a simulation was performed using the CORSIKA and Geant4 software packages. The status of model-based studies is presented and assessed the prospects for joint operation of the arrays.
Feasibility study to measure the muon bremsstrahlung cross section with the energy loss profile using neutrino telescopes
Authors: Soedingrekso J , Sandrock A , Huennefeld M , Meier M , Rhode W 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Muons are the dominant event signature for neutrino telescopes like IceCube and they are the main background for neutrino searches. Furthermore, they are used to investigate extended air showers. In both cases, the stochasticity of the muon propagation plays a key role in the data extraction step and an accurate understanding, even of the edge cases, is crucial. The main process driving stochastic losses for TeV scale muons is bremsstrahlung.
In this paper, a feasibility study is presented to measure the cross section of stochastic losses using neutrino-induced muons. The simulation study is based on the propagation of muons using the Monte-Carlo library PROPOSAL. For different reconstruction methods and resolutions, the energy loss distribution for different muon energies is used to estimate the sensitivity to measure the bremsstrahlung cross section. Two further systematic parameters, the detection efficiency, which scales the amount of detected light, and the spectral index are also estimated to analyze their correlation to the estimated bremsstrahlung normalization. The statistics of the simulated dataset correspond to 10 years of up-going muon neutrino data in IceCube.
First detection of gamma-ray sources at TeV energies with the first imaging air Cherenkov telescope of the TAIGA installation
Authors: Postnikov E B , Astapov I I , Bezyazeekov P A , Blank M , Borodin A N , Bruckner M , Budnev N M , Bulan A V , Chiavassa A , Dyachok A N , Gafarov A R , Garmash A Yu , Grebenyuk V M , Gress O A , Gress T I , Grinyuk A A , Grishin O G , Horns D , Ivanova A L , Kalmykov N N , Kindin V V , Kiryuhin S N , Kokoulin R P , Kompaniets K G , Korosteleva E E , Kozhin V A , Kravchenko E A , Kuzmichev L A , Kryukov A P , Lagutin A A , Lavrova M V , Lemeshev Yu , Lubsandorzhiev B K , Lubsandorzhiev N B , Mirgazov R R , Mirzoyan R , Monkhoev R D , Osipova E A , Pakhorukov A L , Pan A , Panasyuk M I , Pankov L V , Petrukhin A A , Poleschuk V A , Popesku M , Popova E G , Porelli A , Prosin V V , Ptuskin V S , Pushnin A A , Raikin R I , Rjabov E , Rubtsov G I , Sagan Y I , Samoliga V S , Sidorenkov A Yu , Silaev A A , Silaev A A , Skurikhin A V , Slunecka M , Sokolov A V , Suvorkin Y , Sveshikova L G , Tabolenko V A , Tanaev A B , Tarashansky B A , Ternovoy M , Tkachev L G , Tluczykont M , Ushakov N , Vaidyanathan A , Volchugov P A , Voronin D , Wischnewski R , Yashin I I , Zagorodnikov A V , Zhurov D P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
TAIGA array addresses gamma-ray astronomy at energies from a few TeV to several PeV as well as cosmic ray physics from 100 TeV to several EeV. A 1 km2 TAIGA setup will consist of 120 wide-angle detectors of the Cherenkov timing array TAIGA-HiSCORE and three imaging air Cherenkov telescopes with the field of view diameter of 9.6°. In this paper, first experimental results of the first operation stage are presented: signal detection from two gamma-ray sources, the Crab Nebula and Markarian 421, by the first IACT in stand-alone mode. The detected signal is shown to be in agreement with the Monte Carlo expectation. In future, gamma-ray signal will be detected by a larger number of TAIGA telescopes as well as the TAIGA-HiSCORE array, that is, in combined operation mode.
Design of the readout electronics for the fast trigger and time of flight of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope
Authors: Arkhangelskiy A I , Galper A M , Arkhangelskaja I V , Bakaldin A V , Chasovikov E N , Chernysheva I V , Dalkarov O D , Egorov A E , Gusakov Yu V , Kheymits M D , Leonov A A , Pappe N Yu , Runtso M F , Stozhkov Yu I , Suchkov S I , Topchiev N P , Yurkin Y T 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope is planned for the launch at the end of this decade on the Navigator service platform designed by Lavochkin Association on an elliptical orbit with following initial parameters: an apogee ~300000, a perigee ~500 km, a rotation period ~7 days and inclination of 51.4°. The apparatus is expected to operate more than 5 years, reaching an unprecedented sensitivity for the search of dark matter signatures and the study of the unresolved and so far unidentified gamma-ray sources. An electronics system, which consists of 14 front-end multichannel electronics modules and the main processing unit with a total power consumption of about 400 W (74W for main processing unit), has been developed for providing fast trigger and veto for the data taking to the experiment. The communication between front-end modules, main processing unit and scientific data acquisition system of the gamma-ray telescope is performed via high-speed SPACEWIRE network. To assure the long-term reliability in space environment, a series of critical issues such as the radiation hardness, thermal design, components and board level quality control, warm and cold redundancy are taken into consideration. The main design concepts for the system, measurements setups together with some test results are presented.
Search of x-ray solar activity correlations with 55Fe, 60Co nucleus decay rates
Authors: Bogachev S A , Kharlamov A G , Kishin I A , Kubankin A S , Mayburov S N , Tsekhosh V I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Several experimental groups observed temporary modulations of some nuclei strong and weak decay constants, which are of the order of 10−3 and with periods of one year, solar day, i.e. 24 hours and some others. In our experiments the decay rates were measured for 55Fe e-capture and 60Co β-decay during 2012–2020. Altogether, six decay rate dips of the order 10−2 – 10−3 and with duration from 40 to 208 hours were found, they deviate essentially from exponential decay rate fit. It is shown that their occurrence correlate with x-ray solar flares with significant reliability. Besides, two long term deviations of 55Fe decay rate of 62 and 41 days were observed in 2017–2018, it’s argued that they are related to the change of 11 year solar cycle stages.
A concept of the transition radiation detector for a hadron separation in a forward direction of the LHC experiments
Authors: Belyaev N , Cherry M L , Doronin S A , Filippov K , Fusco P , Gargano F , Konovalov S , Loparco F , Mazziotta M N , Mufazalova A , Nechaeva S , Ponomarenko D , Rembser C , Romaniouk A , Savchenko A A , Shulga E , Smirnov S , Smirnov Yu , Spinelli P , Sultanaliyeva L , Teterin P , Tikhomirov V , Vorobev K , Zhukov K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Studying of hadron production in forward direction at the LHC energy has a great interest both for understanding of the fundamental QCD processes and also in applied areas such as the description of ultra-high energy cosmic particle interactions. The energies of secondary hadrons in such studies almost reach the maximum energy available at the LHC of ~6 TeV, which corresponds to a Lorentz γ-factor up to 104 and above. The only effective technique able to identify particles in this range is based on the transition radiation detectors (TRD). Prototypes of such kind of detector were built and tested at the CERN SPS accelerator. Some experimental results obtained in these tests are briefly presented here and compared with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. MC model demonstrates a good agreement with the experiment. On this basis a concept of a full-scale TRD optimized for the hadron identification in the TeV energy region is proposed. Different particle identification techniques were considered and examined. The expected detector performance to reconstruct secondary hadrons produced in forward direction at the LHC is presented.
Geant4 quartz fiber simulations as part of luminometer development for CMS
Authors: Selivanova D A , Popova E V , Ilyin A L , Aydilek O , Ozkorucuklu S , Cerci S , Sunar Cerci D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Measurements of luminosity are required to be exceedingly accurate for the new upcoming era of the LHC with higher energies and a more complex structure of the beam (HL-LHC). A new device is being developed for the CMS experiment to fulfill demands of being stand-alone and precise. The paper describes the design, main components and physics behind the new quartz fiber based luminometer (QFL). Via simulations of a single quartz fiber, we were able to calculate an average number of photons reaching the end of the fiber after a single particle hit.
Outlook of the application of the PyCAMFT code for the ISOL installation development
Authors: Barminova H Y , Shalyutin I A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Currently the tracking code PyCAMFT, which can be effectively applied for the simulation of the online isotope separators (ISOL), is being developed. The peculiarities and advantages of the code are discussed. The results of the modeling of a multicomponent beam in a simple separator online using the PyCAMFT are given.
Development of the scintillation detector prototypes with SiPM readout for SPD at NICA
Authors: Tishevskiy A V , Gurchin Yu V , Isupov A Yu , Khrenov A N , Kulevoy T V , Ladygin V P , Polozov P A , Reznikov S G , Terekhin A A , Volkov I S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Beam Beam Counter is a system for local polarimetry and local luminosity monitoring at the Spin Physics Detector at NICA. The main option of the Beam Beam Counter is the scintillation counters with SiPM readout. The work presents the first results on scintillation detector prototype using developed Front-end electronics based on the Time-over-Threshold technique. The procedure of the time-walk correction is discussed.
Development of readout chain for CBM Projectile Spectator Detector at FAIR
Authors: Finogeev D , Guber F , Karpushkin N , Makhnev A , Morozov S , Serebryakov D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at FAIR needs a detector to measure the nucleus-nucleus collision centrality and orientation of the reaction plane. The Projectile Spectator Detector (PSD) as a sampling lead/scintillator forward hadron calorimeter with transverse and longitudinal segmentation will be used for this purpose. The PSD consist of 44 modules with 10 longitudinal sections in each. Electronics of PSD consist of MPPCs boards mounted directly on detector and readout ADC interface with ADC FPGA board installed into crate distanced on 50m from detector part. ADC has 14-bit resolution and 125MHz digitization rate, Kintex-7 FPGA is placed on the board. Concept of PSD Front End Electronics (FEE) is already designed and most crucial parts including ADC FPGA board already tested and confirmed to be operational. One PSD module (”mini PSD” or mPSD) has been installed into the “mini CBM” (mCBM) assembled at SIS18 accelerator in GSI, Darmstadt, Germany in the framework of the FAIR Phase-0 program. ADC FPGA readout board has been integrated into common DAQ experiment and tested. Details of the mPSD FEE design and test results are shown.
Identification of neutrons and gamma rays using a combination of three algorithms for separating signals of the scintillation detector
Authors: Kirsanov M A , Klimanov S G , Chepurnov A S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Scintillation detectors with organic scintillators are widely used for fast neutrons detection in high gamma ray background. The peculiarity of this type of detector is that the pulse shape depends on the type of the detected particle. Traditionally, the Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) histogram is used to determine the number of detected neutrons. The PSD parameter is calculated from the shape of the detector pulse and assigned to each pulse. A typical PSD histogram contains two peaks corresponding to neutrons and gamma rays that overlap in the region between the peaks. With this approach, it is impossible to identify each individual signal in the area between the peaks. Therefore, it is not possible to calculate the overall signal identification coefficient. We have proposed a new method for the identification of neutrons and gamma quanta, which includes a combination of three signal separation algorithms: the traditional histogram PSD, the dependence of the area of signals on their amplitude, Tau histogram (tau means the fall constant of the detector pulses). This combination of three algorithms makes it possible to calculate the value of the signal identification coefficient. To test a new method for identifying neutrons and gamma quanta, we used a Pu-Be neutron source, a scintillation detector with a p-terphenyl crystal and a CAEN DT5730 Digitizer (14 bit, 500 MHz). When a scintillation detector registered neutron from a Pu-Be source, the signal identification coefficient was 91.6%. A new method for identifying signals from a scintillation detector is used to register neutrons at the light ion accelerator.
Selection of the optimal parameters of the scintillation hodoscope model for the muonography
Authors: Anoshina E S , Dmitrieva A N , Shutenko V V , Yakovleva E I , Yashin I I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the problem of selection by modeling the optimal parameters of a new scintillation muon hodoscope created for the development of the muonography method. The muon hodoscope is a scintillation detector consisting of several layers of scintillation strips with fiber optic light collection on silicon photomultipliers (SiPM). Its exact model in the Geant4 software package was developed. With its help, the passage of muons through the detector and the response of the detector to these events are simulated. The reconstruction of the tracks of muons was carried out and the accuracy of their reconstruction was estimated. The obtained distributions of events in the angle between the reconstructed and "real" tracks for various detector parameters and the selection of optimal parameters for the highest accuracy and efficiency of the reconstruction of muon tracks are considered.
High-performance optimization of simulation and reconstruction modules in the BM@N software at the NICA
Authors: Driuk A V , Merts S P , Nemnyugin S A , Roudnev V A , Stepanova M M , Iufryakova A A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Results of performance study of the BmnRoot software are presented. The BmnRoot software package plays crucial role in the Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (BM@N) experiment of the NICA project. It is used for simulation and analysis of experimental data. Various approaches to performance optimization are discussed including algorithmic improvements and parallelization in simulation and reconstruction modules. Results of performance analysis are given and bottlenecks are localized. Results of efficiency and scalability studies for different approaches are also presented.
On mass limits for scalar color octet from the LHC data on the

tt¯tt¯

and

tbtb¯

production.
Authors: Martynov M V , Smirnov A D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The full hadron cross section of the scalar octets

F
a

F
a
*

-pairs production at the LHC13 is calculated. From the CMS data on

t
b

t
b

¯

and

t

t
¯

t

t
¯

production cross sections we found the limits on masses of charged

m

F
1

≳

549

−
21

+
27

GeV

and neutral

m

F
2

≳

1336

−
61

+
87

GeV

scalar color octets.
Strange Quark Matter with β-equilibrium condition
Authors: Kumari Manisha , Kumar Arvind 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Present study explores the properties of strange quark matter (SQM) or strange quark star (SQS) within the Polyakov extended chiral SU(3) quark mean-field (PCQMF) model. Using β-equilibrium condition in the PCQMF model, the analysis of pressure density, and equation of state (EoS) of SQM for different values of vector coupling constant is carried out. Three different conditions of Proto-Quark Star (PQS) along the star evolution (S/nB
= 1, Yl
= 0.4; S/nB
= 2, Yvl
= 0; S/nB
= 0, Yvl
= 0) are considered to perform the theoretical simulation. Providing a significant vector coupling constant, the change in pressure with baryon density is found to be more as compared to zero vector interaction. Further, pressure density shows monotonically and smoothly increasing behavior with an increase in the energy density. The study thus carried out, anticipated to give a better insight in understanding the properties of matter inside the core of supermassive stars in the universe.
Light-Cone Distribution Amplitudes of Doubly-Heavy Baryons
Authors: Parkhomenko Alexander , Shukhtina Alice 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Doubly-heavy baryons, whose dynamics is determined by a light quark situated in a color field of a static pair of heavy quarks, are investigated. Non-local interpolation currents are introduced and corresponding matrix elements between the baryon and vacuum state are expressed in terms of light-cone distribution amplitudes. Model functions for baryon distribution amplitudes are suggested and their scale dependence is studied in the perturbative QCD framework. The similarity between the heavy meson and doubly-heavy baryon distribution amplitudes is discussed.
Analytical reconstruction of pp elastic scattering amplitudes from the complete sets of experiments at the SPASCHARM facility at U70
Authors: Bogdanov A A , Chetvertkova V A , Kozelov A V , Ladygin V P , Mochalov V V , Nurusheva M B , Okorokov V A , Oreshkov A O , Rykov V L , Semenov P A , Vasiliev A N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The direct reconstruction of the pp elastic scattering amplitudes at the energy of 16 GeV is discussed. At the SPASCHARM experiment, the 19 different spin dependent observables will be measured in pp elastic scattering. The suggested selection of observables allows a complete analytical reconstruction of elastic scattering amplitudes as a solution of the system of bilinear equations. A set of physical observables, which are necessary for model independent reconstruction of all five complex elastic pp scattering amplitudes, is defined.
Coordinate-space representation of a charged scalar particle propagator in a constant magnetic field expanded as a sum over the Landau levels
Authors: Iablokov S N , Kuznetsov A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A coordinate-space representation for a charged scalar particle propagator in a constant magnetic field was obtained as a series over the Landau levels. Using the recently developed modified Fock–Schwinger method, an intermediate expression was constructed and symmetrized, thus, allowing for factorization of the series terms into two factors. The first one, a sum of Bessel functions, depends on time and z-coordinate, where the z-axis is chosen to be a direction of the magnetic field, and has a structure similar to the propagator of a free field. The second one, a product of a Laguerre polynomial and a damping exponential, depends on x, y-coordinates, which form a plane perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, and ensures the localized propagation in the x, y-plane.