bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress‐controlled weakly periodic boundary conditions: Axial stress under varying orientations
Authors: Giesen Loo Erik , van der Meer Frans P. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe accuracy of multiscale modeling approaches for the analysis of heterogeneous materials hinges on the representativeness of the micromodel. One of the issues that affects this representativeness is the application of appropriate boundary conditions. Periodic boundary conditions are the most common choice. However, when localization takes place, periodic boundary conditions tend to overconstrain the microscopic problem. Weakly periodic boundary conditions have been proposed to overcome this effect. In this study, the effectiveness of weakly periodic boundary conditions in restoring transverse isotropy of representative volume elements (RVE) for a fiber‐reinforced composite with elastoplastic matrix is investigated. The formulation of weakly periodic boundary conditions is extended to allow for force‐controlled simulations where a uniaxial stress can be applied. A series of simulations is performed where the orientation of applied stress is gradually varied and the influence of this orientation on the averaged response is examined. An original method is presented to test the correlation between the ultimate principal stress and average localization angle of shear bands within an RVE. It is concluded that weakly periodic boundary conditions alleviate anisotropy in the RVE response but do not remove it.
Error estimates for the FEM approximation of optimal sparse control of elliptic equations with pointwise state constraints and finite‐dimensional control space
Authors: Merino Pedro , Nenjer Alexander 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this work, we derive an a priori error estimate of order for the finite element approximation of a sparse optimal control problem governed by an elliptic equation, which is controlled in a finite dimensional space. Furthermore, box‐constrains on the control are considered and finitely many pointwise state‐constrains are imposed on specific points in the domain. With this choice for the control space, the achieved order of approximation for the optimal control is optimal, in the sense that the order of the error for the optimal control is of the same order of the approximation for the state equation.
Mechanical andthree‐bodyabrasive wear behavior analysis of glass and basaltfiber‐reinforcedepoxy composites
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Meena Makkhan Lal , Kumar Mukesh , Patnaik Amar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis research article presents the comparative investigation of physical, mechanical, and abrasive wear behavior of chopped glass and basalt fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites. The composites were fabricated by hand lay‐up technique. The fiber (glass and basalt) was varied in the range of 10 to 40 wt.% in the composite at an interval of 10 wt.% to find out the physical (density and void content), mechanical (tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength), and steady state abrasive wear rate, respectively. The Taguchi's design of experiment method was used for designing of experimental runs having input controlling variables like sliding distance, normal load, fiber content, and abrasive size. This study clearly demonstrated that with increase the fiber content, the density and void content of both fiber (glass and basalt) reinforced composite were increased. The basalt fiber‐reinforced composites show lesser voids than glass fiber‐reinforced composites. The tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength of both composites increased with increase the fiber content whereas glass fiber‐reinforced composites show slightly lower tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength than basalt fiber‐reinforced composites. However, as far as basalt fiber‐reinforced composites show better wear resistance than glass fiber‐reinforced composites.
Risk of severe hypoglycemic events from amiodarone‐sulfonylureas interactions: A population‐based nested case‐control study
Authors: Lai Jyun‐Heng , Wang Meng‐Ting , Wu Chia‐Chao , Huang Ya‐Ling , Lu Chieh‐Hua , Liou Jun‐Ting 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate whether concomitant use of amiodarone and sulfonylureas is associated with an increased risk of serious hypoglycemia.MethodsWe conducted two nested case‐control studies by analyzing the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2008 to 2013 among diabetic patients continuously receiving sulfonylureas. Cases were defined as patients with severe hypoglycemia and those with a composite outcome of severe hypoglycemia, altered consciousness, and fall‐related fracture in the first and second study, respectively. In both studies, each case was individually matched up to 10 randomly‐selected controls. Conditional logistic regressions were employed to estimate odds ratios (ORs).ResultsWe identified 1343 cases and 11 597 controls as well as 2848 cases of composite events and 24 808 controls among 46 317 sulfonylurea users. Concurrent use of amiodarone with sulfonylureas was associated with a 1.56‐fold (95% CI: 0.98‐2.46) increased risk of severe hypoglycemia, despite not statistically significant. Notably, an approximately 2‐fold increased risk of severe hypoglycemia was observed with amiodarone therapy lasting for >180 days (adjusted OR: 2.08; 95% CI: 1.01‐4.30) or at a daily dose greater than 1 defined daily dose (adjusted OR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.25‐3.91) when concurrently administrating sulfonylureas. A significantly increased risk of hypoglycemia‐related composite events was also found with amiodarone concurrently used with sulfonylureas (adjusted OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.13‐2.24).ConclusionsConcurrent use of amiodarone and sulfonylureas is associated with an increased risk of serious hypoglycemia among diabetic patients, with an elevated risk for amiodarone used in a long‐term or at a high daily dose.
Registration of Albino‐Virescent Leaf peanut genetic stock
Authors: Brown Nino , Branch William D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecently, an Albino‐Virescent Leaf peanut plant (Reg. no. GS‐10, PI 693218) (Arachis hypogaea L.) was identified in an F10 advanced breeding line, GA 082524, at the University of Georgia, Gibbs Research Farm in Tifton, GA. GA 082524 was the result of a three‐way cross between ‘Georgia‐02C’ × (‘Georgia‐01R’ × ‘COAN’). Similar to GA 082524, the Albino‐Virescent Leaf peanut genetic stock has high‐oleic acid concentration, as well as root‐knot nematode resistance. The Albino‐Virescent Leaf mutant is essentially albino upon emergence; then following a short lag period, chlorophyll gradually accumulates in older leaves, with new leaves emerging deficient of chlorophyll. Eventually, as the plant matures and new leaves are no longer added, the plant appears entirely green and is indistinguishable from a normal green plant. The mutation is controlled by a recessive mutation at a single locus, designated avl, with phenotypic segregation following a 3 normal:1 Albino‐Virescent Leaf pattern (p = .95) when crossed to a normal green genotype. The Albino‐Virescent Leaf mutant described here represents a presumably unique spontaneous mutation that has not been released previously to the public.
The penetration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species across the stratum corneum
Authors: Duan Jiangwei , Ma Mingyu , Yusupov Maksudbek , Cordeiro Rodrigo M. , Lu Xinpei , Bogaerts Annemie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe penetration of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) across the stratum corneum (SC) is a necessary and crucial process in many skin‐related plasma medical applications. To gain more insights into this penetration behavior, we combined experimental measurements of the permeability of dry and moist SC layers with computer simulations of model lipid membranes. We measured the permeation of relatively stable molecules, which are typically generated by plasma, namely H2O2, NO3−, and NO2−. Furthermore, we calculated the permeation free energy profiles of the major plasma‐generated RONS and their derivatives (i.e., H2O2, OH, HO2, O2, O3, NO, NO2, N2O4, HNO2, HNO3, NO2−, and NO3−) across native and oxidized SC lipid bilayers, to understand the mechanisms of RONS permeation across the SC. Our results indicate that hydrophobic RONS (i.e., NO, NO2, O2, O3, and N2O4) can translocate more easily across the SC lipid bilayer than hydrophilic RONS (i.e., H2O2, OH, HO2, HNO2, and HNO3) and ions (i.e., NO2− and NO3−) that experience much higher permeation barriers. The permeability of RONS through the SC skin lipids is enhanced when the skin is moist and the lipids are oxidized. These findings may help to understand the underlying mechanisms of plasma interaction with a biomaterial and to optimize the environmental parameters in practice in plasma medical applications.
Overview: The history and pediatric perspectives of severe acute respiratory syndromes: Novel or just like SARS
Authors: Hon Kam Lun , Leung Karen Ka Yan , Leung Alexander K. C. , Sridhar Siddharth , Qian Suyun , Lee So Lun , Colin Andrew A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMany respiratory viral infections such as influenza and measles result in severe acute respiratory symptoms and epidemics. In the spring of 2003, an epidemic of coronavirus pneumonia spread from Guangzhou to Hong Kong and subsequently to the rest of the world. The WHO coined the acronym SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) and subsequently the causative virus as SARS‐CoV. In the summer of 2012, epidemic of pneumonia occurred again in Saudi Arabia which was subsequently found to be caused by another novel coronavirus. WHO coined the term MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) to denote the Middle East origin of the novel virus (MERS‐CoV). In the winter of 2019, another outbreak of pneumonia occurred in Wuhan, China which rapidly spread globally. Yet another novel coronavirus was identified as the culprit and has been named SARS‐CoV‐2 due to its similarities with SARS‐CoV, and the disease as coronavirus disease‐2019. This overview aims to compare and contrast the similarities and differences of these three major episodes of coronavirus outbreak, and conclude that they are essentially the same viral respiratory syndromes caused by similar strains of coronavirus with different names. Coronaviruses have caused major epidemics and outbreaks worldwide in the last two decades. From an epidemiological perspective, they are remarkably similar in the mode of spread by droplets. Special focus is placed on the pediatric aspects, which carry less morbidity and mortality in all three entities.
Design, modeling, and control of an aerial manipulator for placement and retrieval of sensors in the environment
Authors: Hamaza Salua , Georgilas Ioannis , Heredia Guillermo , Ollero Aníbal , Richardson Thomas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOn‐site inspection of large‐scale infrastructure often involves high risks for the operators and high insurance costs. Despite several safety measures already in place to avoid accidents, an increasing concern has brought the need to remotely monitor hard‐to‐reach locations, for which the use of aerial robots able to interact with the environment has arisen. In this paper a novel approach to aerial manipulation is presented, where a compact manipulator with a single degree‐of‐freedom is tailored for the placement and retrieval of sensors in the environment. The proposed design integrates on‐board sensing, a high‐performance force controller on the manipulator, and a thrust‐to‐force mapping on the flight controller. Experimental results demonstrate the high reliability achieved during both placement and retrieval tasks on flat surfaces (e.g., a bridge wall) and cylindrical surfaces (e.g., tree trunks). A total number of 89 flight experiments were carried out to demonstrate the robustness and potential of the compact, bespoke aerial design.
Synthesis of Sr1+2xLa1‐2xFe1‐xNbxO4 (x=0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5) by Sol‐gel Method: Structural, Magnetic, and Dielectric Properties
Authors: Kurnia Arif , Emriadi  , Mufti Nandang , Zulhadjri  
Published: June 2020

AbstractOne – layered Ruddlesden‐Popper phase Sr1+2xLa1‐2xFe1‐xNbxO4 doped with niobium was synthesized using a sol‐gel method for various Nb concentrations (x=0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5). Single‐phase samples could be observed with x=0 and 0.1, while x=0.3 and 0.5 contain additional phases. Microstructure results showed that the increase of niobium content corresponded to a decrease in the grain size of the samples. The magnetic measurements indicated that antiferromagnetic interactions of doped samples had decreased. The dielectric constant of the samples decreased as x increased due to the increase in conductivity. The origin of conduction in the samples might be caused by hopping conduction due to the mixed oxidation states of iron with charge +3 and +4.
Evaluation of the Inhibitory Activities of COVID‐19 ofMelaleuca cajuputiOil Using Docking Simulation
Authors: My Tran Thi Ai , Loan Huynh Thi Phuong , Hai Nguyen Thi Thanh , Hieu Le Trung , Hoa Tran Thai , Thuy Bui Thi Phuong , Quang Duong Tuan , Triet Nguyen Thanh , Anh Tran Thi Van , Dieu Nguyen Thi Xuan , Trung Nguyen Tien , Hue Nguyen Van , Tat Pham Van , Tung Vo Thanh , Nhung Nguyen Thi Ai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGC‐MS was applied to identify 24 main substances inMelaleuca cajuputiessential oil (TA) extracted from fresh cajeput leaves through steam distilling. The inhibitory capability of active compounds in theTAfrom Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam over the Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) protein in human body ‐ the host receptor for SARS‐CoV‐2 and the main protease (PDB6LU7) of the SARS‐CoV‐2 using docking simulation has been studied herein. The results indicate that the ACE2 and PDB6LU7 proteins were strongly inhibited by 10 out of 24 compounds accounting for 70.9% in theTA. The most powerful anticoronavirus activity is expressed in the order: Terpineol (TA2) ≈ Guaiol (TA5) ≈ Linalool (TA19) > Cineol (TA1) > β‐Selinenol (TA3) > α‐Eudesmol (TA4) > γ‐Eudesmol (TA7). Interestingly, the synergistic interactions of these 10 substances of theTAexhibit excellent inhibition into the ACE2 and PDB6LU7 proteins. The docking results orient that the naturalMelaleuca cajuputiessential oil is considered as a valuable resource for preventing SARS‐CoV‐2 invasion into human body.
Synthesis of Bridging Chiral p–tert‐Butylcalix[4]arenes with One and Two Carbamoyl Bridge‐Substituents through Anionic Ortho‐Fries Rearrangement
Authors: Ma Hao , Weng Xiu‐Fang , Ren Shan‐Shan , Tang Zi‐Ying , Peng Xin‐Bang , He Yong , Zheng Shuang , Wei‐LiDong  , Li Shao‐Yong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBridging chiral p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arenes (p‐t‐Bu‐BCC's) with different N‐substituted carbamoyl bridge‐substituents (N,N‐dimethylcarbamoyl, N,N‐diethylcarbamoyl and morpholinocarbonyl) were successfully prepared through anionic ortho‐Fries rearrangement from mono‐O‐carbamates of 1,3‐dipropyl‐p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene in 65–75% yield. In addition, p‐t‐Bu‐BCC with two N,N‐dimethylcarbamoyl bridge‐substituents was produced by this method from mono‐O‐carbamate of p‐t‐Bu‐BCC with one N,N‐dimethylcarbamoyl bridge‐substituent in 71% yield. However, the synthesis of p‐t‐Bu‐BCC with additional carbamoyl bridge‐substituents using this method could not be attempted, as the required rearrangement precursor failed to be synthesized. Finally, the racemic p‐t‐Bu‐BCC with morpholinocarbonyl bridge‐substituent was optically resolved into a pair of enantiomers, whose absolute configurations were determined through ROESY analysis and ECD comparison.
In Vitro Antioxidant and Insulin Mimetic Activities of Heteroleptic Oxovanadium(IV) Complexes with Thiosemicarbazones and Naproxen
Authors: Bharathi Sundaram , Mahendiran Dharmasivam , Senthil Kumar Raju , Kalilur Rahiman Aziz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSix heteroleptic oxovanadium(IV) complexes with general formula [VOL1–6(nap)], where, L1–3=2‐(1‐(4‐substitutedphenyl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide, L4–6=2‐(1‐(4‐substitutedphenyl)ethylidene)‐N‐methylhydrazinecarbothioamide and nap=naproxen, have been synthesized and characterized. FTIR spectra exhibit a strong band between 965 and 991 cm−1, characteristic of υ(V=O) stretching vibration. UV‐Vis and theoretical studies suggested distorted square‐pyramidal geometry and oxidation state of vanadium(IV) with d1 configuration was confirmed by EPR spectra. Cyclic voltammograms exhibit metal based irreversible redox peaks corresponding to one electron oxidation (+0.83 to +0.70 V) and reduction (−0.69 to −0.53 V) processes. In vitro antioxidant studies revealed that complexes containing electron donating substituent (−CH3) showed higher activity. In vitro antidiabetic activity of complexes with enzymes like α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase and glucose‐6‐phosphatase made them better inhibitors of insulin, which is further supported by in silico studies, and complex 6 shows better in vitro insulin mimic activity against insulin responsive 3T3‐L1 adipocyte cells compared to insulin and metformin.
In Situ Formation of Nickel Nanoparticles from Nickel Formate for Preparation of Straight Silicon Nanowires by Molten Salt Electrolysis
Authors: Yu Zhanglong , Fang Sheng , Zhang Jie , Shi Bimeng , Shi Zhixia , Yang Juanyu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWater‐soluble nickel formate (Ni(HCOO)2), which can be dispersed uniformly in silica (SiO2), was used as the catalyst precursor for producing silicon nanowires (SiNWs) by molten salt electrolysis in this work. Ni(HCOO)2/SiO2 pellets were decomposed into Ni/SiO2 and NiO/SiO2 pellets in N2 and air atmosphere, respectively. The NiO particles could retain the initial size in molten salt due to their high melting point, while the Ni particles were always aggregated. Thus the NiO particles possessed a larger catalytic surface area than the Ni particles. After long time electrolysis of NiO/SiO2 pellets in a pilot‐plant, the obtained silicon presented a smooth and straight nanowire morphology and offered a delithiation capacity of 1995.5 mAh/g after 100 cycles when used as negative electrode material. These findings may have an important significance in mass production of straight SiNWs for lithium ion batteries.
Looking for respect? How prior TMT social comparisons affect executives' new TMT engagements
Authors: Aime Federico , Hill Aaron D. , Ridge Jason W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch summaryWe extend social comparison theory and research in top management teams by showing that negative social comparisons in TMTs have implications for subsequent employment decisions after executive turnover. In a sample of 1,001 executive employment moves to new TMTs, our results show that executives with lower relative pay in the firms they exit join firms that improve their social comparison situation within the new TMT when compared to their previous experience—while not necessarily providing larger improvements in pay. These findings complement social comparison views on executive turnover by showing that executives' new employment decisions are guided by the correction of negative social comparisons in their new firms.Managerial summaryWe show that executives who experience negative social comparisons in pay in a TMT because of their lower relative rank in its pay structure select new employment in firms with more narrow pay differences within their TMT. In addition, we show that such executives improve their relative pay in comparison to others in the TMT in their new TMTs without necessarily experiencing abnormal improvements in pay. These findings show that social comparisons in pay between TMT members may not only drive executive turnover, as previously shown in the literature, but also directs executive decisions about new TMT engagements. Together, our findings imply that social comparisons are an important factor in executive employment decisions.
CEOdismissal: Consequences for the strategic risk taking of competitorCEOs
Authors: Connelly Brian L. , Li Qiang (John) , Shi Wei , Lee Kang‐Bok 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryWe propose that CEO dismissal can change the strategic decision‐making of CEOs at competing firms. Competitor CEOs will experience an increase in job insecurity, which motivates them to refrain from strategic risk taking. We also identify two key boundary conditions that shape the influence of CEO dismissal on competitor CEOs' risk taking. We test our ideas on a sample of CEO dismissals among S&P 1500 firms using a novel synthetic control method approach to matching. We also test the underlying theoretical mechanism using a complementary experiment on top executives. Taken together, these studies advance CEO dismissal research by investigating the spillover effect of CEO dismissal on competitor CEOs' behaviors.Managerial SummaryThe position of CEO is more volatile today than ever. When it comes to pulling the trigger on CEO dismissal, companies have increasingly twitchy fingers. Therefore, it seems important to ask: when a company fires their CEO, what happens at all the other companies in the industry? We suggest the CEOs at those companies will start worrying about their job. This fear affects their strategic decision‐making. They dial back on risk and let opportunities for growth slip away. This is especially true for certain competitors. Firing a CEO, therefore, has ripple effects throughout the whole industry.
Product‐market competition and resource redeployment in multi‐business firms
Authors: Morandi Stagni Raffaele , Santaló Juan , Giarratana Marco S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch summaryThis article investigates how diversified firms reallocate internal non‐scale free resources when one of their product business units (BUs) experiences increased exposure to international competition driven by a sharp decrease in trade tariffs. On average, firms tend to fight, by reallocating resources toward the BU affected by the trade shock and away from other BUs within the same firm. Two variables moderate this first‐order effect with opposite signs. The level of sunk costs of the assets allocated to the BU affected by the shock is a positive moderator of resource reallocation to it. The presence of technological synergies between the BU affected and the rest of BUs instead moderates the relationship negatively. This negative moderation seems to only take place when competition increases the value of technology as a competitive resource.Managerial summaryAn important question in the strategic decision‐making process of diversified firms is how to react to competitive threats that affect one business unit but not the others. Should managers allocate more resources to the affected business or should they instead reduce their commitment and use the same resources in the remaining operating sectors? In this article, we examine firms’ reallocation decisions following increases in foreign competition due to import tariff cuts. Our results show that firms tend to allocate more resources to the business affected by the tariff cut and less to the businesses unaffected. Furthermore, we find evidence that this behavior is positively associated with performance.