bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interrupted effect of autophagic flux and lysosomal function induced by graphene oxide in p62-dependent apoptosis of F98 cells
Authors: Zhang Chao , Feng Xiaoli , He Longwen , Zhang Yaqing , Shao Longquan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely applied in various fields, especially in biomedical applications. Extensive studies have suggested that GO can pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and induce abnormal autophagy and cytotoxicity in the central nervous system (CNS). However, the effect and specific mechanism of GO on astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the brain still has not been extensively investigated. Results In this study, we systematically explored the toxicity and mechanism of GO exposure in the rat astroglioma-derived F98 cell line using molecular biological techniques (immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and Western blot) at the subcellular level and the signaling pathway level. Cells exposed to GO exhibited decreased cell viability and increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. GO-induced autophagy was evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence staining. Western blots showed that LC3II/I and p62 were upregulated and PI3K/Akt/mTOR was downregulated. Detection of lysosomal acidity and cathepsin B activity assay indicated the impairment of lysosomal function. Annexin V-FITC-PI detection showed the occurrence of apoptosis after GO exposure. The decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with an accompanying upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 further suggested that endogenous signaling pathways were involved in GO-induced apoptosis. Conclusion GO-treated cells exhibited autophagy activation by inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Simultaneously, GO can induce the dysfunction of lysosomes via alkalization and then block autophagic flux, resulting in the abnormal accumulation of autophagic substrate p62 protein. Abnormal accumulation of p62 protein can induce capase-3-mediated apoptosis. The systematic exploration of GO in F98 cells in this study provides insight for the biocompatible application of graphene-family NPs in the CNS.
Mortality at the Pediatric Emergency Unit of the Mohammed VI Teaching Hospital of Marrakech
Authors: bourrous mounir , Lahmini Widad 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Pediatric mortality is still one of the developement indicators of a country. In our country the published data concerning the causes and the factors related to pediatric mortality especially in the pediatric emergency wards is very rare. This study aimed to determine the global rate of the pediatric mortality in the pediatric emergency departement (PED), to study its epidemiology and to identify its most frequent causes. Methods : It is a retrospective and descriptive study, over five years (1st january 2012 and 31st december 2016) including all children aged from 0 to 15 years old who died at the PED in the Mohamed VI Hospital in Marrakech. Results : During the period of the study a total of 172.691 patients were admitted, among which 628 died in the PED (global pediatric mortality rate : 3,63%). The masculine gender was predominant with a gender ratio of 1.59. Two-thirds of the patients died in the first 24 hours. The median of time from admission to death was around 12 hours. Majority of the deceased children (75%) were from a low socioeconomic status. The most frequent cause of admissions was respiratory distress (47%) followed by neurological disorders (11%). Neonatal mortality was predominant with (75,1%) followed by postnatal mortality (11,6%). No autopsy was performed during the study period. Conclusion : Our data once again underline the crucial importance of prevention. This requires correct follow-up of the pregnancies, an adequate assistance of births, and perfecting healthcare provision to newborns in order to attain proper assistance.
Comparing local ancestry inference models in populations of two- and three-way admixture
Authors: Schubert Ryan , Andaleon Angela , Wheeler Heather E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Local ancestry estimation infers the regional ancestral origin of chromosomal segments in admixed populations using reference populations and a variety of statistical models. Integrating local ancestry into complex trait genetics has the potential to increase detection of genetic associations and improve genetic prediction models in understudied admixed populations, including African Americans and Hispanics. Five methods for local ancestry estimation are LAMP-LD (2012), RFMix (2013), ELAI (2014), Loter (2018), and MOSAIC (2019), but direct comparisons of accuracy, runtime, and memory usage of all these software tools have not previously been reported across common patterns of human admixture. Results: We found that in cases of two-way admixture, RFMix and ELAI had the highest median accuracy depending on population structure, while in cases of three-way admixture, we found RFMix, MOSAIC, and LAMP-LD had the highest median accuracy. Additionally, we estimate the O(n) of both memory and runtime for each software and find that for both time and memory most software expand linearly with respect to sample size. The only exception is RFMix, which expands quadratically with respect to runtime and linearly with respect to memory. Conclusions: Effective local ancestry estimation tools are necessary to combat population disparities in human genetics studies. RFMix performs the best across methods, however, depending on application, other methods perform similarly well with the benefit of shorter runtimes. Scripts used to format data, run software, and estimate accuracy can be found at https://github.com/WheelerLab/LAI_benchmarking .
Evaluation of organic fractions of municipal solid waste as renewable feedstock for succinic acid production
Authors: Stylianou Eleni , Pateraki Chrysanthi , Ladakis Dimitrios , Fernández María Cruz , Latorre-Sánchez Marcos , Coll Caterina , Koutinas Apostolis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite its high market potential, bio-based succinic acid production experienced recently a declining trend because the initial investments did not meet the expectations for rapid market growth. Thus, reducing the succinic acid production cost is imperative to ensure industrial implementation. Results: Succinic acid production has been evaluated using hydrolysates from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) collected from MSW treatment plants. A tailor-made enzymatic cocktail was used for OFMSW hydrolysate production containing up to 107.3 g/L carbon sources and up to 638.7 mg/L free amino nitrogen. The bacterial strains Actinobacillus succinogenes and Basfia succiniciproducens were evaluated for succinic acid production with the latter strain being less efficient due to high lactic acid production. Batch A. succinogenes cultures supplemented with 5 g/L yeast extract and 5 g/L MgCO3 reached 29.4 g/L succinic acid with productivity of 0.89 g/L/h and yield of 0.56 g/g. Continuous cultures at dilution rate of 0.06 h-1 reached 21.2 g/L succinic acid with yield of 0.47 g/g and productivity of 1.27 g/L/h. Downstream separation and purification of succinic acid was achieved by centrifugation, treatment with activated carbon, acidification with cation exchange resins, evaporation and drying, reaching more than 99% purity. Preliminary techno-economic evaluation has been employed to evaluate the profitability potential of bio-based succinic acid production.Conclusions: The use of OFMSW hydrolysate in continuous cultures could reduce succinic acid production cost to 2.07 $/kg at annual production capacity of 40,000 t and OFMSW hydrolysate production cost of 25 $/kg sugars.
A novel ultrasound controlled paclitaxel releasing balloon catheter versus plain balloon catheter in the treatment of small coronary vessel stenosis: study protocol of a randomized controlled clinical trial (Vasoguard I Trial)
Authors: Pan Yueyi , Zhang Feng , Wang Jingpu , Yang Ji'e , Shen Li , Qian Juying , Zhang Haijun , Ge Junbo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The optimal intervention strategy remains controversial in small vessel disease which is a very common kind of coronary artery lesions. For now, balloon-only percutaneous coronary intervention is the major percutaneous revascularization method in these patients, but the restenosis rate is still at a high level. Drug coated balloon is designed to deliver paclitaxel to target vessel to inhibit the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, it aims at restraining the stenosis process after intervention so as to reduce the rate of restenosis. Ultrasound controlled paclitaxel releasing balloon catheter (Vasoguard TM ) is a newly designed drug coated balloon, expected to promote the drug release process via external ultrasound intervention so as to improve drug bioavailability. The current trial was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of Vasoguard in the treatment of small vessel coronary disease.Methods A prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial has been designed to compare the safety and efficacy of Vasoguard with plain balloon angioplasty in the treatment of small vessel coronary disease. 230 patients will be included in this trial, the primary endpoint is late lumen loss of target lesion at 9 months post operation measured by quantitative coronary angiography. Secondary endpoints include angiographic findings such as device success rate, operation success rate, in-segment restenosis, clinical outcomes such as target lesion revascularization, target vessel revascularization, device oriented composite endpoint and thrombotic events.Discussion This trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Vasoguard in the treatment of small vessel coronary disease by comparing to plain balloon angioplasty. It will clarify the practicability of the newly designed balloon and may lend more credence to the role of drug coated balloon in the treatment of small vessel disease.
Protocol for a cluster randomised trial in Madhya Pradesh, India: Community health promotion and medical provision and impact on neonates (CHAMPION2); and support to rural India’s public education system and impact on numeracy and literacy scores (STRIPES2)
Authors: Agarwal Arjun , Banerji Rukmini , Boone Peter , Elbourne Diana , Fazzio Ila , Frost Chris , Gopal Madan , Karnati Sridevi , Nair Rakhi , Reddy Harshavardhan , Reddy Padmanabh , Sharma Dropti , Shekhawat Sajjan Singh , Shivalli Siddharudha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Rural areas of India exhibit high neonatal mortality, and low literacy and numeracy. We assess the effect of a complex package of health interventions on neonatal survival, and the effect of out-of-school-hours teaching on children’s literacy and numeracy, in rural Madhya Pradesh.Methods/Design This is a cluster-randomised controlled trial with villages (clusters) receiving either a health (CHAMPION2) or education (STRIPES2) intervention. Building on the design of the earlier CHAMPION/STRIPES trial villages receiving the health intervention are controls for the education intervention, and vice versa.Clusters 196 villages in Satna district, Madhya Pradesh, India: each at least five kilometres from a Community Health Centre, a population below 2,500, and at least 15 children eligible for the education intervention. Participants CHAMPION2 - resident married women under 50 without a family planning operation, provided they are enumerated pre-randomisation, or marry a man enumerated pre-randomisation. STRIPES2 - resident children born 16June 2010-15June 2013, not in school before the 2018-2019 school year and intending to enrol in first grade in 2018-2019 or 2019-2020.
Mechanisms of change in brief treatments for borderline personality disorder: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kramer Ueli , Grandjean Loris , Beuchat Hélène , Kolly Stéphane , Conus Philippe , de Roten Yves , Draganski Bogdan , Despland Jean-Nicolas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is one of the most frequent, most debilitating and lethal mental conditions and is associated with a serious burden of disease. Treatment for patients with BPD involves structured psychotherapy, and may involve brief psychiatric treatment as first-line intervention. No controlled study has assessed the effectiveness of such brief intervention. Whereas most psychotherapy studies with patients with BPD focus on the effectiveness of the intervention, we still lack an understanding of how and why these effects are produced from a patient process perspective. It is therefore of utmost importance to study the treatment-underlying mechanisms of change . The present study plans to apply novel measurement methods for assessing change in two central psychobiological processes in BPD: emotion and socio-cognitive processing. The study uses theory-driven and ecologically valid experimental tasks which take as anchor the patient’s individual experience, by integrating methodology from psychotherapy process and neurofunctional imagery research. Methods and study design The present two-arm randomized controlled study aims at testing the effects (i.e., symptom reduction) and the underlying mechanisms of change associated with a brief psychiatric treatment (10 sessions over 4 months), compared with treatment as usual. Participants ( N = 80 patients with BPD) undergo assessments at four points (intake, 2 months, discharge, and 12 month follow-up). In addition to symptom measures, individuals undergo a two-step assessment for the potential mechanisms of change (i.e., emotion and socio-cognitive processing): a) behavioural and b) (for a sub-sample) neurofunctional. We hypothesize that change in the mechanisms explains the treatment effects. Discussion The present study uses an easy-to-implement treatment of BPD, as well as a sophisticated assessment procedure to demonstrate the critical role of psychobiological change in emotion and socio-cognitive processing in brief treatments. It will help increase the effectiveness of brief treatment for BPD and help diminish the societal burden of disease related with BPD, in these early stages of treatment. Trial registration : Clinical Trials NCT0317818 (date of registration of Abstract October 24 th , 2018). Protocol version number 2 from February 9 th , 2018.
Determinants of High Fertility Rate among Married Women in Ethiopia
Authors: Muche Setegn Muche , Gebremichael Shewayiref Geremew 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Fertility is one the major components of changing the population size and structure over time. Hence, this study aims to identify the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with the high fertility rate among married women in Ethiopia Method: Ethiopian demography and health survey of 2016 data were accessed and used for the analysis. A total of 9602 married women were included in the study. Poisson regression models were employed by considering the number of children ever born (count) as a response variable. Results: A total of 9602 married women were included and 907 (9.4%) of the mothers have not born a child in their life time and only 307 (3.2%) of them have born more than 9 children. Rich women (IRR =0.794; 95%CI: 0.685, 0.920, secondary and above education of women (IRR =0.602; 95%CI: 0.570, 0.635), secondary and above education level of husbands’ (IRR =0.917; 95%CI: 0.880, 0.955) and late marriage (IRR =0.853; 95%CI: 0.832, 0.873) were found significantly associated with low level of fertility rate. Small family size (IRR =2.23.; 95%CI: 2.168, 2.294) and being child death experience (IRR =1.636; 95%CI: 1.601, 1.672) were also showed statistically significant association with high level of fertility rate. Conclusion: The government should focus on providing better access to education, increasing the coverage of family planning service and improving sources of income. Furthermore, the society should be made aware on consequences of high fertility on the child and maternal health, household economy, human capital investment and environmental degradation.
Cardiovascular risk screening of patients with serious mental illness or using antipsychotics in family practice.
Authors: Jakobs Kirsti Marieke , Posthuma Anne , de Grauw Wim JC , Schalk Bianca WM , Akkermans Reinier P , Lucassen Peter , Schermer Tjard , Assendelft Willem JJ , Biermans Marion JC 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Patients with a serious mental illness (SMI) and those using antipsychotics (AP) have an elevated risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In the Netherlands, the mental healthcare for these patients is increasingly provided by family practitioners (FPs), following a shift from secondary to primary care. It is therefore essential to better understand the characteristics of this patient group and the (somatic) care provided by their FPs. The aim of this study was to examine the rate of cardiovascular risk (CVR) screening in patients with SMI or those using APs in family practice. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of 151,238 patients registered with 24 family practices in the Netherlands. From electronic medical records, we extracted data concerning diagnoses, the measurement of CVR factors, medication, and the frequency of visits over a two-year year period. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who were screened for CVR factors. We compared three groups: patients with SMI or using AP without diabetes or CVD (SMI/AP only), patients with SMI or using AP and diabetes mellitus (SMI/AP+DM), and patients with SMI or using AP and a history of CVD (SMI/AP+CVD). We explored the factors associated with adequate screening using a multilevel logistic regression. Results We identified 1705 patients with SMI or using AP, 834 of whom had a SMI diagnosis and 1150 of whom used AP. CVR was adequately screened in 8.5% of the SMI/AP-only group (117 of 1383 patients). Screening was much more commonly performed in the SMI/AP+DM (n=206, 68.4% adequate) and SMI/AP+CVD (n=116, 26.7% adequate) groups. (ORs for moderate and adequate screening 21.8 (95%CI, 15.4-30.8) and 4.3 (95%CI, 2.8-6.6) respectively). A high frequency of FP visits, age, the use of AP, and a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were associated with a higher screening rate. In addition, we examined the differences between patients with SMI and patients using AP in the absence of a SMI. ConclusionsCVR screening in patients with SMI or using AP is often inadequate or lacking in Dutch family practices. Acceptable screening rates were found only among SMI/AP patients with diabetes mellitus as a comorbidity.
The Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yi , Chen Lang , Xing Changsheng , Deng Guangtong , Zeng Furong , Xie Tingting , Gu Lei , Yang Hui Xiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies have suggested that patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the available data on this association are inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between IBD and the risk of RA. Methods: Observational studies investigating the RA risk among patients with IBD (Crohn disease (CD) and/or ulcerative colitis (UC)) were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from the date of inception to December 2019. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidential intervals (CIs) were pooled with a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics while publication bias was determined using Begg’s and Egger’s tests. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results: A total of three cohort studies, three cross-sectional studies, and two case-control study were included in the meta-analyses. Compared to the non-IBD control or general population, there was a significantly higher risk of RA among patients with IBD (RR=2.59; 95% CI: 1.93–3.48). Moreover, both CD (RR=3.14; 95% CI: 2.46–4.01) and UC (RR=2.29; 95% CI: 1.76–2.97) were associated with a significantly increased risk of RA. However, heterogeneity was substantial across studies and the subgroup analyses failed to identify the potential source of heterogeneity. Conclusions: Patients with IBD have a greater risk of developing RA. Rheumatologists should be consulted when patients with IBD present with undifferentiated joint complaints. However, more prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these results.
Neural network-based software sensors for the estimation of key components in brewery wastewater anaerobic digester: an experimental validation
Authors: Dewasme L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This work focused on the experimental validation of software sensors with a view to improving on-line anaerobic digester monitoring. Based on cheaply available measurements such as conductivity, temperature, pH, redox potential, total suspended solids concentration and digester inflows and outflows, an intelligent estimator was built to reproduce the evolutions of key components such as volatile fatty acid, carbonate and alkalinity concentrations, as well as biogas composition (methane and carbon dioxide). The proposed solution considers a principal component pre-processing of the data selected as inputs of a radial basis function neural network (RBF-ANN) structure, using a particular sequential learning algorithm. Process dynamics were also taken into account, introducing a moving horizon version of this network (MH-RBF-ANN). Experimental results demonstrated the capacity of the MH-RBF-ANN to correctly predict the key-component evolutions and to improve the estimation accuracy, compared to the classical RBF-ANN.
Synthesis and photocatalytic degradation ability evaluation for rhodamine B of ZnO@SiO2 composite with flower-like structure
Authors: Shen Xiaoyi , Shi Youjiang , Shao Hongmei , Liu Yan , Zhai Yuchun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
ZnO@SiO2 composite with flower-like structure was successfully prepared with molar ratio of ZnO/SiO2 = 1:1 based on the optimized synthesizing parameters of spherical SiO2 and flower-like ZnO. SiO2 particles were coated on the flower-like ZnO to form a homogeneous film through the multidimensional polycondensation of Si(OH)4. The photocatalytic degradation ability of ZnO@SiO2 composite for rhodamine B (RhB) obtained at different ZnO/SiO2 molar ratio and the comparison to that of flower-like ZnO showed that ZnO@SiO2 composite with ZnO/SiO2 molar ratio of 1:1 displayed a relatively good photocatalytic degradation ability to degrade RhB, but it was weaker than that of flower-like ZnO. Twenty millilitres of RhB solution at a concentration of 15 mg·L−1 could be completely degraded by 300 mg flower-like ZnO powder within 3 h, while the degrading efficiency was only 82.5% by 300 mg ZnO@SiO2 composite. But ZnO@SiO2 composite showed a better photocatalytic activity than flower-like ZnO at a lower pH value of 4.5.