bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteoglycan-4 Regulates Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition and Expression of Fibrotic Genes in the Synovium
Authors: Qadri Marwa , Jay Gregory D. , Zhang Ling X. , Richendrfer Holly , Schmidt Tannin A. , Elsaid Khaled Ahmed 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Synovial tissue fibrosis is common in advanced OA with features including presence of stress fiber-positive myofibroblasts and deposition of cross-linked collagen type-I. An antifibrotic effect in OA synoviocytes was associated with PRG4 secretion and native synovial PRG4 reduced collagen content in OA synoviocytes. PRG4 is a ligand of the CD44 receptor. Our objective was to examine the role of PRG4-CD44 interaction in regulating synovial tissue fibrosis in vitro and in vivo .
Methods: OA synoviocytes were treated with TGF-β ± PRG4 for 24 hours and α-SMA content was determined using immunofluorescence. Rhodamine labeled rhPRG4 was incubated with OA synoviocytes ± anti-CD44 or isotype control antibodies and cellular uptake of rhPRG4 was determined following a 30-min incubation and α-SMA expression following a 24-hour incubation. HEK-TGF-β cells were treated with TGF-β ± rhPRG4 and Smad3 phosphorylation was determined using immunofluorescence and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation was determined colorimetrically. We probed for stress fibers and focal adhesions (FAs) in TGF-β treated murine fibroblasts and fibroblast migration was quantified ± rhPRG4. Synovial expression of fibrotic markers: α-SMA, collagen type-I and PLOD2 in Prg4 gene trap ( Prg4 GT ) and recombined Prg4 GTR animals was studied at 2 and 9 months of age. Synovial expression of α-SMA and PLOD2 was determined in 2-months old Prg4 GT/GT & Cd44 -/- and Prg4 GTR/GTR & Cd44 -/- animals .
Results: PRG4 reduced α-SMA content in OA synoviocytes ( p<0.001 ). rhPRG4 was internalized by OA synoviocytes via CD44 and CD44 neutralization attenuated rhPRG4’s antifibrotic effect ( p<0.05 ). rhPRG4 reduced pSmad3 signal in HEK-TGF-β cells ( p<0.001 ) and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation ( p<0.001 ). rhPRG4 reduced the number of stress fiber-positive myofibroblasts, FAs mean size, and cell migration in TGF-β treated NIH3T3 fibroblasts ( p<0.05 ). rhPRG4 inhibited fibroblast migration in a macrophage and fibroblast co-culture model without altering active or total TGF-β levels. Synovial tissues of 9-months old Prg4 GT/GT animals had higher α-SMA, collagen type-I and PLOD2 ( p<0.001 ) content and Prg4 re-expression reduced these markers ( p<0.01 ). Prg4 re-expression also reduced α-SMA and PLOD2 in CD44-deficient mice.
Conclusion: PRG4 is an endogenous antifibrotic modulator in the joint and its effect on myofibroblast formation is mediated by CD44, but CD44 is not required to demonstrate an antifibrotic effect in vivo .
Intermittent peripheral exposure to lipopolysaccharide induces exploratory behavior in mice and regulates brain glial activity in obese mice
Authors: Huang Hui-Ting , Chen Po-See , Kuo Yu-Ming , Tzeng Shun-Fen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Consecutive peripheral immune challenges can modulate the responses of brain resident microglia to stimuli. High-fat diet (HFD) intake has been reported to stimulate the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus in obese rodents and humans. However, it is unknown whether intermittent exposure to additional peripheral immune challenge can modify HFD-induced hypothalamic glial activation in obese individuals. Methods In this study, we administered 1 mg/kg LPS (or saline) by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection to 8-week-old male mice after 1, 2, or 8 weeks of a regular diet (show) or HFD. The level of interleukin-1b (IL-1b) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) expression in the plasma and hypothalamic tissue was analyzed 24 h after each LPS injection. The behaviors of the animals in the four groups (the chow-saline, chow-LPS, HFD-saline, and HFD-LPS groups) were examined 5 months after exposure to chow or a HFD. Morphological examination of microglia in related brain regions was also conducted. Results The plasma levels and hypothalamic mRNA levels of IL-1b and TNF-a were significantly upregulated 24 h after the first injection of LPS but not after the second or third injection of LPS. Chow-LPS mice displayed increased exploratory behavior 5 months after feeding. However, this LPS-induced exploratory behavior was inhibited in HFD-fed mice. Chronic HFD feeding for 5 months induced apparent increases in the number and cell body size of microglia, mainly in the ARC, and also increased the size of microglia in the NAc and insula. Moreover, microglial activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, and basolateral amygdala (BLA) was observed in chow-LPS mice. However, microglial activation in the analyzed brain regions was suppressed in HFD-LPS mice. Conclusions Altogether, the results indicate that intermittent peripheral challenge with LPS might prime microglia in the ARC and NAc to modify their response to chronic HFD feeding. Alternatively, chronic HFD feeding might mediate microglia in LPS-affected brain regions and subsequently suppress LPS-induced exploratory behavior. Our findings suggest that intermittent acute peripheral immune challenges and chronic HFD intake can cause microglia to modify the microenvironment and further modify animal behaviors.
Trend of Soil Transmitted Helminths in Ethiopian children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2000-2018)
Authors: Alemu Getaneh , Mekonnen Feleke , Nega Mezgebu , Muluneh Chalachew 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Ethiopia is one of the tropical countries with heavy burden of soil transmitted helminths. As a result, the nation has been implementing mass drug administration, water, sanitation and hygiene and health extension programs in order to control those parasites. Hence, updated data about the prevalence and trend of parasites over time has pivotal role to assess the success of existing control programs. Methods: Studies conducted between 2000 and 2018 were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar and local journals for systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guideline and checklist. Eligible studies were selected based on pre-set inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale in meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics based on the random effects model. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA 2.0) was used to calculate the pooled prevalence and meta-regression was run to assess trend of parasite prevalence over time.Results: Thirty-eight studies recruiting 16,266 participants were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of intestinal prevalence was 52.0% (95%CI: 44.4-59.5). Amhara region was with the highest prevalence (60.3%; 95%CI: 50.1-69.6). Among soil transmitted helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides (11.2%; 95%CI: 8.4-14.8) was with the highest pooled prevalence followed by hookworms (10.4%; 95%CI:7.9-13.7) and Trichiuris trichiura (3.6%; 95%CI: 2.4-5.4). Meta-regression analysis revealed that all soil transmitted helminths didn’t show significantly decreasing trend over time (p>0.05). Conclusion: Despite various control efforts have been made, soil transmitted helminths are with high distribution and their prevalence is not significantly decreasing in Ethiopia. Hence, other control approaches like community led sanitation should be integrated with mass drug administration in order to achieve the national goal of soil transmitted helminths elimination by 2025.
CFD model to characterize the physical processes of energy transfer in a secondary facultative lagoon
Authors: Zapata Andres , Peña Miguel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the energy transfer phenomena of a secondary facultative lagoon and its relationship with environmental conditions such as wind and solar radiation were studied. To this end, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model was constructed within a conventional facultative lagoon located in the municipality of Ginebra-Valle del Cauca, Colombia. The model included the transport of suspended solids from inlet to outlet, the penetration of incident solar radiation into the body of water, surface wind, the transfer of heat through lateral walls and the temperature profiles of the wastewater. The model was validated using tracer studies and experimental temperature data. This demonstrated that simulated data of temperature and solar radiation penetration have an acceptable degree of consistency compared with the experimental data. The model demonstrated that temperature profiles were significantly affected by the wind at 0.45 m and 1.40 m depth, while no effect on the surface was obtained.
Jornada de trabalho e docência
Authors: E Silva Sousa Adriana , Henrique Moura Dante 
Published: February 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar os desdobramentos da instituição da hora-atividade no trabalho do professor do ensino médio da rede estadual do Piauí, dentro do contexto das políticas educacionais implementadas no Brasil nas duas últimas décadas. Para isso, realizou-se uma revisão de literatura, com auxílio de uma pesquisa documental, sobre a jornada de trabalho dos professores da educação básica no país e as políticas educacionais que regulamentam a hora-atividade. Em seguida, analisam-se os dados de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com: dois gerentes das Gerências Regionais de Educação da Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Piauí, 20 professores de ensino médio e um integrante do Sindicato dos Trabalhadores em Educação Básica Pública do Piauí. Os resultados mostram que o avanço no cumprimento da hora-atividade se confronta com as condições de trabalho ainda inadequadas nas escolas, com a ingerência na organização pedagógica do tempo de trabalho do professor e com os baixos salários.
Palavras-chaves: Jornada de trabalho. Ensino médio. Docência. Hora-atividade.
Patent Foramen Ovale, the Role of Antiplatelet Therapy Alone or Anticoagulant Therapy Alone Versus Device Closure for Cryptogenic Stroke: A Review of the Literature and Current Recommendations
Authors: Nagarajarao Harsha S. , Ojha Chandra P. , Kedar Archana , Mukherjee Debabrata 
Published: February 2020

:
Cryptogenic stroke and its relation to the Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO) is a long-debated
topic. Recent clinical trials have unequivocally established the relationship between cryptogenic
strokes and paradoxical embolism across the PFO. This slit-like communication exists in everyone
before birth, but most often closes shortly after birth. PFO may persist as a narrow channel of communication
between the right and left atria in approximately 25-27% of adults.

:
In this review, we examine the clinical relevance of the PFO with analysis of the latest trials evaluating
catheter-based closure of PFO’s for cryptogenic stroke. We also review the current evidence examining
the use of antiplatelet medications versus anticoagulants for stroke prevention in those patients
with PFO who do not qualify for closure per current guidelines.
Chemical Constituents, Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase and Antiproliferative Effects of Algerian Pistacia atlantica Desf. Extracts
Authors: Achili Imene , Amrani Amel , Bensouici Chaouki , Gül Fatih , Altun Muhammed , Demirtas Ibrahim , Zama Djamila , Benayache Fadila , Benayache Samir 
Published: February 2020

Background:Pistacia atlantica Desf. (Anacardiaceae) has various applications for dietetic and medicinal purposes.Objective:The aim of the present study was to evaluate antioxidant, antiproliferative and anticholinesterase activities of different extracts from leaf and stem of Pistacia atlantica Desf.Methods:The antioxidant activity was performed by four methods: DPPH, ABTS, CUPRAC and reducing power assays. Anti-cholinesterase activity was performed against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes. Antiproliferative assays were investigated against HeLa cell lines using xCELLigence RTCA instrument. The secondary metabolites composition was established by HPLC-TOF/MS analysis.Results:In DPPH, reducing power and in ABTS .+ scavenging activity, all the extracts showed strong inhibitory activity compared to synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), in which the activities were almost equal to the two standards. The results were less significant in CUPRAC assay. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts exhibited the best antioxidant activity in all tests. Moreover, P. atlantica extracts inhibited AChE and BChE activities in a dose-dependent manner. The strongest AChE and BuChE inhibition activities were obtained for EtOAc extract of the stem (IC50 values 15.14±0.74 and 24.01±0.21 μg/mL, respectively) compared to galantamine (IC50 values 6.27±1.15 and 34.75±1.99 μg/mL, respectively). P. atlantica extracts also showed significant antiproleferative activity against HeLa cell lines, the best antiproleferative activity was obtained for the methanol and EtOAc extracts. The observed biological activities can be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the extracts. The HPLC-TOF/MS analysis identified the presence of 22 phytochemicals. Gallic acid and rutin were the main compounds detected. Cichoric, gentisic, vanillic, protocatechuic and rosmarinic acids as well as catechin and quercetin were also present.Conclusion:This study demonstrated good antioxidant, anticholinesterase and antiproliferative activities of P. atlantica extracts, which opens up new possibilities for pharmaceutical and food industries.
Text Mining of United States Obesity-Related Public Policies: Systematic Document Search
Authors: Spanhol-Finocchio Caroline , de Freitas Dewes Mariana , de Vargas Mores Giana , Dewes Homero 
Published: February 2020

Background
Obesity has become a worldwide health problem, caused by multiple and complex factors. To face this challenge, governments have played a central role in combating its rise. Considering this, public policies are introduced or enacted for the benefit of whole populations, taking into account the perspective of multiverse social stakeholders based on solid scientific fundamentals.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine obesity-related public policies in the United States and the District of Columbia, in order to understand their scientific basis.

Methods
We analyzed the public policies implemented in the United States from 2003 to 2013, during which time the largest number of obesity-related public policies were introduced, using text mining.

Results
In total, 1592 obesity-related public policies were retrieved from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multidisciplinary policies were predominant in the documents analyzed (533/1592, 33.5%), followed by health sciences (454/1592, 28.5%), social sciences (330/1592, 20.7%), life sciences (240/1592, 15.1%), and physical sciences (35/1592, 2.2%). Throughout the country, most policies were community oriented (1082/1865, 58.0%) and many of them were related to school and family environments (447/1865, 24.0%), early care and education (75/1865, 4.0%), hospitals (63/1865, 3.4%), and workplaces (47/1865, 2.5%).

Conclusions
The contents of obesity-related public policies were generally uniformly framed across the United States. They were generally based on scientific references, in which there was a predominance of multidisciplinary research. These findings are consistent with what is known about the multiple factors causing obesity and about the methods being developed to control the epidemic.
BIOSYNTHESIS OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES USING PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS LEAF EXTRACT AND SCREENING ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: ROHINI SAHAYA MARY  , MAHESH MK  , PRUTHVI ML  
Published: February 2020

Objective: The aim of this study is to synthesis the copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using the leaf extract of Parthenium hysterophorus.
Methods: Dry and fresh leaf extract was prepared and CuSo4 was added. The color change was noted and recorded by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer. The morphological characteristics were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Antimicrobial activities were performed by the disc diffusion method.
Results: The color change indicates the production of CuNPs. Surface plasmon resonance band was observed around 599 nm and 572 nm for fresh and dry samples of P. hysterophorus leaf extract. SEM confirms the formation and the crystalline nature of CuNPs and X-ray diffraction studies show the particle size. The antibacterial potentials of the CuNPs were studied and have shown good high inhibition activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at different concentrations in compare to fungi species.
Conclusion: This method is effective and environmental friendly for the synthesis of CuNPs using leaf extract of Parthenium hysterophorus.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CLINICAL EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF FORMULATED AND MARKETED MYRRH EXTRACT IN CAPSULES
Authors: MOHAMED DAWOUD  , ABDOU RANDA 
Published: February 2020

Objective: The development of myrrh extract from natural origin capable of eradicating schistosomal infection has gained the interest of many scientists. Recently, myrrh extract is considered as the drug of choice from natural origin used to treat schistosomiasis. This study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hard gelatin capsules of myrrh extract in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni compared to Mirazid which is the only herbal drug present in the market.
Methods: In the present study, the clinical evaluation of different doses of formulated myrrh extract hard gelatin capsules against different grades of S. mansoni infections (mild, moderate, and heavy) was carried out and compared with marketed soft gelatin capsules Mirazid.
Results: In all types of S. mansoni infection, it was clear that the efficacy of n-hexane and alcohol myrrh extracts hard gelatin capsules was higher than or equal to that of Mirazid soft gelatin capsules.
Conclusion: Hard gelatin capsules of myrrh extract (mixed doses) are more effective and more economic as a pharmaceutical dosage form for pharmaceutical manufacturers than Mirazid soft gelatin capsules. Consequently, with its lower price, it can reach the poor patient which is the main patient of schistosomiasis.
Effect of SME Food Entrepreneurs Knowledge on Halal Certification for Certified Awareness using Partial Least Square
Authors: Giyanti Ida , Indriastiningsih Erna 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to predict the impact of the understanding of halal certification by Small Medium Enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs to conduct halal certification. This study was conducted in SMEs in Surakarta, Indonesia. The Halal Certification Comprehension Rate was assessed using three variables. We used knowledge of halal (PGT), perceived halal certification advantages (MNF), and perceived halal certification procedures (PROS). Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) was used for data analysis. The results show that SMEs have a good knowledge of halal and agree that halal certification is beneficial to their businesses. We found, though, that the processes for handling Halal Certification are relatively complex. Based on the study, the perception of Halal Certification Benefits (MNF) is significantly affected by the intention of SMEs to conduct Halal Certification (NHL). The other two results show a positive correlation. However, they are not statistically significant.
ENXERTO AUTÓGENO EM BLOCO CORTICOMEDULAR EM MAXILA: RELATO DE CASO
Authors: De Vasconcellos Pereira Isabelly 
Published: February 2020

ResumoA instalação de implantes dentários osseointegráveis em regiões previamente enxertadas foi primeiramente descrita por Brånemark em 1975, e continua tendo sua indicação nos dias atuais, com altas taxas de sucesso. Apesar do crescimento dos biomateriais xenógenos e aloplásticos, os enxertos autógenos continuam sendo reconhecidos como “padrão ouro” dentro da Medicina e Odontologia. Isso se dá devido ao fato de ser o único enxerto com características de osseoindução, osseocondução e osteogênse. Dessa forma, geralmente, consegue-se ganho ósseo em altura e/ou espessura, permitindo a correção de defeitos ósseos verticais e/ou horizontais, para realizar a posterior reabilitação do paciente com implantes. Entre os sítios intra-orais doadores possíveis, podemos citar o ramo mandibular, mento e túber. O mento se destaca como área doadora por oferecer quantidade e qualidade ósseas, tanto cortical como medular, além de se apresentar com um ótimo acesso cirúrgico. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar um caso clínico da paciente A.R.L.S, leucodema, sexo feminino, 56 anos de idade, que foi atendida na Clínica de Extensão em Dentes Inclusos e Cirurgia Oral da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal Fluminense, para realização de enxerto autógeno na região anterior de maxila, para posterior instalação de implantes para reabilitação, utilizando a região de mento como doadora. Palavras-chave: enxerto autógeno; implante osseointegrável; enxerto em bloco. AbstractThe installation of osseointegrated dental implants in previously grafted regions was first described by Brånemark in 1975, and continues to be indicated today, with high success rates. Despite the growth of xenogen and alloplastic biomaterials, autogenous grafts continue to be recognized as the “gold standard” within medicine and dentistry. This is due to the fact that it is the only graft with characteristics of bone induction, bone conduction and osteogenesis. Thus, generally bone gain in height or thickness is achieved, allowing the correction of vertical or horizontal bone defects, for subsequent rehabilitation of the patient with implants. Possible donor intraoral sites include the mandible branch, mental symphysis and maxillary tuberosity. The mental symphysis stands out as a donor area because it offers bone quantity and quality, both cortical and medullary, and presents with excellent surgical access. The objective of the present study is to report a clinical case of a 56-year-old female patient, ARLS, leucoderma, who was seen at the Clinic of Extension in Teeth and Oral Surgery of Fluminense Federal University Dentistry School, to perform autogenous graft in the anterior region maxillary for later implantation for rehabilitation, using the mental symphysis region as a donor. Key-words: autogenous graft; osseointegrated implant; block graft.