bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inženiera, uzņēmēja, skolotāja Jāņa Baumaņa (1878–1945) mūža veikums
Authors: Gaitniece Lāsma , Zigmunde Alīda 
Published: October 2019

Raksts veltīts inženierim, pedagogam un vienam no Liepājas pilsētas pašvaldības vadītājiem Jānim Baumanim, kurš augstāko izglītību ieguva ne tikai Rīgas Politehniskajā institūtā (RPI), bet arī elektroenerģijas (elektrības) augstskolā «Ecole supérieure d’electricité» Parīzē, Francijā. Jāņa Baumaņa biogrāfija liecina, ka viņš bijis mērķtiecīgs, nav baidījies jaunu izaicinājumu, kā arī vairākkārt sevi veiksmīgi pierādījis uzņēmējdarbībā, dibinot un sekmīgi vadot uzņēmumus. Minētās īpašības raksturo Jāni Baumani arī kā Liepājas pašvaldības vadītāju, taču vēlme uzņemties iniciatīvu dažādu tolaik vēl pārdrošu ideju realizēšanā augstajam amatam bijusi traucējoša, tādēļ viņš pilsētas vadībā bija vien nepilnu gadu. Atkāpjoties no pašvaldības vadītāja amata, viņš Liepāju pameta un devās uz Rīgu, kur strādāja firmā un pievērsās pedagoģiskajam darbam. Raksta mērķis – apkopot Jāņa Baumaņa dzīves gājumu un atklāt viņa veikumu dažādās darbības jomās.The article is devoted to engineer, teacher and one of mayors of Liepāja City Municipality – Jānis Baumanis – who obtained university education not only at Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI), but also at the University of Electricity (Ecole supérieure d’electricité) in Paris, France. The biography of J. Baumanis shows that he has been purposeful, feared no challenge and has repeatedly proved himself as entrepreneur establishing and successfully managing companies. These qualities also describe J. Baumanis as the Mayor of Liepāja City Municipality, but the desire to take initiative in implementing various, brave at that time, ideas were interfering, thus he held the position less than a year. After resigning, he left Liepāja city for Riga, where he worked for a company and turned to pedagogical work. The aim of the article is to summarize the life of J. Baumanis and to discover his achievements in various fields of activity.
Rīgas Politehniskā institūta inženieru nodaļas absolventa Mihaila Krivošapkina (1888–1943) dzīves gājums un profesionālā darbība
Authors: Feigmane Tatjana , Šervinska Liena Ivonna 
Published: October 2019

Rīdzinieks, Rīgas Politehniskā institūta (RPI) Inženieru nodaļas absolvents (1914) Mihails Krivošapkins pēc studijām strādāja par inženieri Krievijā, kur būvēja elevatorus. No 1920. gada līdz izsūtīšanai uz Sibīriju 1941. gadā dzīvoja Rīgā un bija vairāku Latvijas tiltu projektu autors, strādāja par inženieri Rīgas būvvaldē, bija Rīgas domes deputāts (1925–1934). Darbojās dažādās sabiedriskās organizācijās. Inženiera darbu turpina viņa pēcnācēji – mazbērni un mazmazbērni. Rigan, the graduate of the Department of Engineering (1914) of Riga Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Mikhail Krivoshapkin, after studies worked as an engineer in Russia, where he built elevators. From 1920 until deportation to Siberia in 1941 he lived in Riga and was the author of several bridge projects in Latvia, worked as an engineer at Riga Construction Board, was a member of the Riga City Council (1925–1934). Worked in various public organizations. His engineer work is continued by his descendants – grandchildren and great-grandchildren.
Lipids: Role in Embryonic Development (Review)
Authors: León Marisol , Rodrigues A. C. B. , Turquetti A. O. M. , Cereta A. D. , Melo L. F. , Durand L. M. , Delgado A. L. J. , Evangelista-Leite D. , Miglino M. A. 
Published: October 2019

Aims: We propose to briefly review the specific role of lipids in embryonic structures development.
Results: Lipids are organic substances insoluble in water, divided into several classes, such as fatty acids, glycolipids, phospholipids, ceramides, sphingolipids, and stereo-lipids. They participate in processes of cellular metabolism and embryonic development which are associated with signalling, proliferation and cell migration. They act in developmental processes such as calcification and bone mineralization, pulmonary maturity, cellular differentiation, and neural survival, epithelial cells polarization and muscle formation, in which phospholipids as a major group, work more regularly. Lipids during embryonic development work directly as transport molecules or cell markers. In addition to an imbalance in its enzymatic and protein precursors (such as choline kinase), lipids can increase or decrease lipid concentration in cells, prevent its biotransformation, or affect its synergy with other molecules, leading to failures in the formation of organs such as the heart, brain, and bones. This aims to further the understanding of these processes and highlight its feasibility for future clinical applications.
Conclusion: Lipids maintain cell membrane integrity in blastocysts, transport calcium to nerve and bone cells, facilitate neural apoptosis, and promote pulmonary maturation. These results aid in the understanding and prediction of alterations in lipidic metabolic syndromes in several pathological disorders during organ development.
Evaluation of the Bio-insecticidal Effects of Three Extracts on the Larvae of the Green Lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Stephen) under the Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Kaoutar Fahad , Najiba Brhadda , Rabea Ziri , Najib Gmira , Hassan Benssallem 
Published: October 2019

Aims: To control aphids without the misdeeds of the chemical insecticides. To make sure of the harmlessness of three bio-aphicides.
Study Design: Experimental device in complete random block with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of bio-insecticidal entomology, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Kenitra, INRA- Morocco and the Biodiversity and Natural Resources Laboratory of Sciences Faculty, Ibn Tofail kenitra, morocco. The experiments were done between March and December 2017.
Methodology: The present study highlighted the lethal and sublethal effects of three bio-aphicides plants collected from the Gharb region of morocco: Capsicum frutescens, Nerium oleander and Melia azedarach, tested in five concentrations of their plant material against Chrysoperla carnea larvaes. Adding to these concentrations, two controls were used: one without any treatment (blanc) and another treated with a chemical insecticide (Deltamethrine).
Results: The obtained results indicated that the aqueous extract of the Nerium oleander was harmful to the larvae of the Chrysoperla carnea. Indeed, the insecticidal activity of different concentrations increased with the exposure time, reaching about 10; 16 and 20% of mortality, respectively by applying 10; 15 and 20 g/20 ml after three days of exposure. However, low concentrations of 2 and 5 g/20 ml caused no effect whatever the duration of exposure. Also, the corrected mortality rate caused by the aqueous extract of Nerium oleander, at the concentrations tested is much lower than that caused by the insecticide Deltamethrin.
Conclusion: Nerium oleander plant is harmful to the larvae of the Chrysoperla carnea at concentrations of 10; 16 and 20%. At these concentrations, the aqueous extracts of hot pepper and melia are not haurmful to the larvae of the green lacewing, so they can be recommended as a biological insecticide. Moreover, other works on these two extracts are outstanding in our laboratory.
Effective Treatment for Kidney Stone with Local Plants from Aadilabad Telangana State, India
Authors: Hafeez Shaik , Chapla J. , Suresh A. , Prabhaker G. , Sameera P. M. , Sampath K. 
Published: October 2019

Aim: We aim to treat the poor and downtrodden tribal people of Adilabad district of Telangana State, South India, who are suffering from kidney stones, with locally available plants and with any side effects also without financial burden on them.
Design of the study: Identifying the infected people with kidney stones based on the lab reports, explaining about our treatment, educating them, counseling them, treatment and precautionary measures.
Place and Duration of Study: Adilabad district, Telangana State, South India. Duration of study is for two years that is 2018 to 2019.
Methodology: We have identified around 24 patients (male and female) suffering from kidney stone ailment, but we have presented only six patients details in table form. Treatment is with locally available plants for two days, the results were very much success.
Results: After our treatment the kidney stones, though they are large in size they dissolved and were passed through the urinary tract.
Conclusions: Our treatment is pure with plants without any side effects and free of cost. The patients were very much satisfied with our treatment.
Small Steps for a Big Change: Attention towards Preanalytical Error
Authors: Sawant Swati Digambar , Patil Atul Atmaram , Bansode Amit A. , Varma Santosh 
Published: October 2019

Aims: The study aimed to evaluate the preanalytical errors in the Indoor patient department in tertiary care Hospital. To calculate the percentage of preanalytical errors in the Indoor patient department in our Hospital and to recommend standard operative interventions to improve quality of results. To test the effectiveness of attention by continuous educational action at reducing preanalytical errors and improving patient care.
Study Design: An observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: The work was done from July 2014 to July 2015 at a tertiary care Hospital India.
Methodology: We retrospectively reviewed the samples and test request forms received at Biochemistry laboratory for one month. The outcome measures were incomplete laboratory forms, mislabeling samples, inappropriate tests, wrong container, poor quality of samples and transportation problems. Two weeks of interventions in the form of continuous educational training and education regarding standard operative procedures were given to stakeholders to raise awareness towards the preanalytical phase. Two weeks later, data was monitored again for one month.
Results: 2330 and 2130 samples and request forms were monitored before-after intervention respectively from wards for one month each. Of the total chances of preanalytical errors, 22.17% were due to inappropriate tests, 81.5% were related to incomplete patient information, 97% lacking clinical information, 18.8% errors related to specimen information, 3.5% errors were of the deranged quality of the specimen, and in4.5% transportation problems were observed. Subsequently, these were reduced to 10%, 20%, 16.4%, 7.5%, 2.3%, 3.1% respectively. A significant difference in percentage change was observed in all the above errors after the one-month interventions for the reduction in preanalytical errors.
Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed that taking small steps in the form of implementing standard operative procedures for collection, storage and transport facilities and continuous educational training of stakeholders would reduce big errors occurring due to human factors in preanalytical phase. We need good interdepartmental communication and cooperation to achieve good laboratory results and patient well being. This study improved the quality of test results and patient care.
Adaptation Approaches for Direct Seeded Rice to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emission in the Perspective of Climate Change
Authors: Choudhury Suborna Roy , Das Anupam , Bharati Veena , Dutta Swaraj Kumar 
Published: October 2019

A field experiment was conducted at research farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, India during 2017 and 2018 to gain insight crop phonology mediated greenhouse gas emission under different tillage and nitrogen management practices in direct seeded rice (DSR). The experiment was conducted in split plot design with two tillage viz. zero tillage (ZT) and conventional tillage (CT) as main plot and four nitrogen management practices viz. 100% nitrogen through neem coated urea (S1), SPAD based nitrogen management (S2), 75% through neem coated urea + 25% nitrogen through vermicompost, (S3) and ¼ nitrogen as basal and rest in equal three splits at 20, 40, 60 DAS (S4) as sub plot, in three replication. The highest yield (4.69 t ha-1), net return (Rs 46440 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.44) were recorded from zero tilled DSR. Further, highest yield (4.82 t ha-1), net return (Rs 44880 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.36) was obtained under split application of nitrogenous fertilizers among other subplot treatments. The range of methane (0.57- 1.47 mg m-2 hr-1) carbon dioxide (0.32- 0.61 mg m-2 hr-1) and nitrous oxide (19.58- 38.79 µg m-2 hr-1) emission was recorded lowest in zero tilled plots and split application of nitrogenous fertilizer also emitted lowest values of 1.59 mg m-2 hr-1 methane, 0.86 mg m-2 hr-1 carbon dioxide and 46.76 µg m-2 hr-1 nitrous oxide at maximum tillering stage of crop growth. Moreover, methane and nitrous oxide emission was gradually decreased from maximum tillering to harvesting stage. Zero tilled DSR with split nitrogen fertilizer application ascribed lowest greenhouse gas intensity among the other crop establishment and nitrogen management options. Thus, zero tilled method of crop establishment with split application of nitrogenous fertilizer could be a remunerative and environmentally stable method for direct seeded rice cultivation.
The Effectiveness of Education in Internship Phase from the Medical University Student´s Viewpoint
Authors: Pazoki Ramin , Tabaraee Arash , Saffarieh Elham 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Today, the socio-economic development of countries is due to the university's modernization program, which requires the proper training of a specialized human resource, the student, in which education plays a key role. Among the educational programs of a country, medical education is expensive, because of the nature of this field. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the opinions of medical students about the effectiveness of medical education course for use and policy making of educational authorities.
Methods: In this method, from 220 questionnaires, each containing 44 questions, with 6 domains, including achieving goals, curriculum and content, organization and planning, interactions, professor evaluation and support services, designed based on Kirk Patrick's 4-level model was used, and the community of medical students and interns between January 2016 and November 2018 was selected by the full-scale method. Each question contained a 5-point Likert scale of numerical responses including 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 for referring to undesirable, poor, average, good and excellent. Students' opinions were analyzed by SPSS software. Also, the overall reliability of the questionnaire was calculated and reported by Cronbach's alpha for each domain.
Results: In this study, 118 female and 67 male students were recruited from interns. Findings of this study indicated that the reliability of the questionnaire was 0.956. The mean and standard deviation of the study was 3.01±0.57, for female students 3.04±0.58, for male students 2.95±0.56. In the meanwhile, the achievement of targets and evaluation of professor domains with mean and standard deviation of 3.19±0.67 and 3.21±0.64, respectively, has better result than the overall mean of the study, and curriculum & educational content domains with a mean of 2.94±0.63, organization and planning with a mean of 2.84±0.75, interactions with a mean of 2.95±0.83 and support services with a mean of 2.78±0.75, results was poorer than the overall mean of the study.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that clinical education in the field of medicine in the mentioned period on students, has moderate effectiveness and the students' point of view, this training is also more effective.
A Single Center Report of Vitamin D Deficiency among Young Orthopaedic Patient in Iran
Authors: Yeganeh Ali , Otoukesh Babak , Moghtadaei Mehdi , Sabagh Alireza Pahlavan , Mahdavi Mani , Hosseinzadeh Shayan 
Published: October 2019

Background: Orthopaedic patients are at risk of having irregular levels of vitamin D and calcium due to lack of motility and sun light exposure. Among entire population of patients, Juvenile members of society are considered high-risk groups for vitamin D inadequacy. By considering the high prevalence of this complaint according to domestic studies in Iran, this study aims to provide a report of vitamin D and related factors among orthopaedic patients in Iran.
Methods: Participants were selected based on simple non-probable sampling method. Variables were including age, gender, the serum level of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, concurrent diseases, and history of taking nutritional supplements. Results were analysed using SPSS software (version 22, USA).
Results: 696 patient with mean age 15.5±1.8 were involved among which 440 participants were male and 256 cases were female. Mean of vitamin D calcium, phosphorous serum level was 12.1±4.3, 9.7± 0.5 and 4.3±0.8 respectively. 208 cases were living at urban and 488 members were living at rural locations. 176 cases had degrees of muscular pain, and 72 patients were suffering from developmental problems, and 32 patients were presenting obvious skeletal deformities.
Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is a common issue among orthopaedic patients. Young patients are in a high danger for consequence of vitamin deficiency in orthopaedic ward due to critical age of bone formation and growth.
Pain, unhealthy days and poor perceived health among Japanese workers
Authors: Chimed-Ochir Odgerel , Mine Yuko , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objectives
The current research aimed to study the relationship between health-related quality of life (poor perceived health/unhealthy days) and workers’ pain.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1360 Japanese workers of a Japanese company in Kyushu. Health-related quality of life was measured by HRQOL-4 tool developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the USA. Pain was assessed by numeric rating scale with 0-10 points. Regression analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between health-related quality of life and pain.

Results
Participants who reported pain had significantly greater odds of having poor health compared to those with no pain (AOR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.82-4.18, P &lt; .0001). In general, participants who had a higher frequency and intensity of pain had significantly greater odds of having poor health compared to those with no pain. Compared to those with no pain, participants with pain had an average of 2.85 (95% CI = 2.07-3.63, P &lt; .0001), 2.25 (95% CI = 1.52-2.99, P &lt; .0001), 4.41 (95% CI = 3.39-5, P &lt; .0001), and 1.9 (95% CI = 1.30-2.50, P &lt; .0001) more physically unhealthy days, mentally unhealthy days, total unhealthy days, and days with activity limitation, respectively. Headache causes many more unhealthy days and more poor health than any other pain, including back pain, shoulder/neck pain, and joint pain.

Conclusion
Poor health status and the number of unhealthy days among Japanese workers are strongly associated with the presence of pain and increases with the intensity and frequency of pain.
TSLP induces a proinflammatory phenotype in circulating innate cells and predicts prognosis in sepsis patients
Authors: Yu Qichun , Li Yang , Wang Hao , Xiong Huawei 
Published: October 2019

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has been identified as a crucial inflammatory cytokine in immune homeostasis. Previous studies have reported conflicting effects of TSLP on sepsis in mice, and the effect of TSLP on sepsis in humans has not been investigated. In this study, we used the ELISA to measure serum levels of TSLP in patients with sepsis, and used flow cytometry and ELISA to evaluate the proinflammatory phenotype of circulating immune cells. In addition, we used quantitative RT‐PCR to examine the expression of proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, transferrin growth factor‐β, IL‐10, and matrix metalloproteinase] between patients with high and low levels of TSLP. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate the phagocytic and respiratory burst of circulating neutrophils. A significant increase in the production of proinflammatory cytokines by nonclassical monocytes and the number of interferon (IFN)‐γ+ CD4+ monocytes was observed in patients with high levels of TSLP. Furthermore, the number of IL‐10+ regulatory T cells was observed to be increased in patients with high levels of TSLP. We found that TSLP values greater than 350 pg·mL−1 were associated with a higher mortality rate and longer stays in intensive care (sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 79%). In patients with low levels of neutrophils, the area under curve was only 0.71 (based on the cutoff value in the diagnostic test evaluation; sensitivity of 62% and specificity of 68%). Our findings suggest that the serum levels of TSLP may be suitable as a biomarker for prediction of prognosis in a subgroup of patients with sepsis who are exhibiting hyperleukocytosis and a high neutrophil ratio.
Physical aggression toward teachers: Antecedents, behaviors, and consequences
Authors: McMahon Susan D. , Peist Eric , Davis Jacqueline O. , Bare Kailyn , Martinez Andrew , Reddy Linda A. , Espelage Dorothy L. , Anderman Eric M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSchool violence is a significant public health concern that occurs in many forms. Physical aggression can cause serious bodily injury and long‐term negative effects, and both teachers and students experience significant rates of physical aggression. There are few studies examining teachers’ experiences of physical aggression. Studies that go beyond prevalence are limited, and we know little about the triggers and consequences that surround these incidents. This qualitative investigation used an antecedent‐behavior‐consequence (A‐B‐C) framework to understand how incidents of physical aggression directed toward teachers unfold. The sample included 193 elementary and secondary teachers who completed an anonymous, online survey and described events leading up to and following their experiences with physical aggression. Using conventional content analysis, we identified common antecedents, such as breaking up fights, discipline, and directives, and common consequences, such as student removal, school staff involvement, positive outcomes, and inaction. Further analyses revealed seven common A‐B‐C patterns among physical aggression incidents that are highlighted and discussed. Utility of the A‐B‐C framework for teacher‐directed violence is described, along with implications for research, practice, and policy. Exploring the context surrounding incidents of physical aggression directed against teachers provides useful information for violence prevention and interventions.