bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of the utility of pre-induction tests as predictors of attrition in infantry recruits
Authors: Fleischmann Chen , Yanovich Ran , Eliyahu Uri , Milgrom Charles , Gez Hadar , Heled Yuval , Finestone Aharon S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSoldiers in modern armies perform tasks that are increasingly technologically dependent. Training them to obtain necessary technological skills is both complex and expensive. Personnel attrition is costly and can affect military readiness. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of pre-induction tests as a predictor of attrition in the first year of infantry training.Methods303 infantry recruits participated in the study. Before beginning military service their health profile was determined and they were given a Quality Group score, which is determined by psycho-technical tests, a personal interview and the quality of their education. Recruits were screened shortly following induction using a battery of tests including questionnaires, anthropometrics, functional movement screening (FMS), upper and lower quarter Y balance tests, dynamic tests, and followed by orthopaedists and their unit doctors for orthopaedic injuries and problems during the first year of training.Results165/303 (54.5%) recruits were diagnosed with injury or pain during the course of their first year of training. 46 recruits (15.1%) did not complete their first year of service as combatants and 18 (5.9%) were discharged from service. On multivariable analysis for attrition, protective factors were higher Quality Group scores (OR 0.78, CI 0.69-0.89) and recruits diagnosed with orthopaedic injuries or musculoskeletal pain (OR 0.21 CI 0.09-0.50). Pain in the balance test performed at the beginning of training was a risk factor (OR 3.39, CI 1.47-7.79). These factors together are only responsible for 15.4% of infantry attrition according to partial eta squared analysis. ConclusionsThe three variables found by multivariable analysis to be associated with infantry attrition in this study together are responsible for 15.4% of the attrition. Measuring these variables would seem to be most valuable in armies in which the number of candidates for a specific infantry unit greatly exceeds the number of positions. The IDF approach of trying to keep attriters within the Army in non-combatant roles and not discharging them from service is a way to manage the problem of infantry attrition. Trial RegistrationProspectively registered on clinicaltrials.gov, registration number NCT02091713
SNRPB is a Mediator for Cellular Response to Cisplatin in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Liu Nianli , Chen Aoxing , Feng Ning , Liu Xiaochen , Zhang Longzhen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Our previous study has demonstrated that small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptides B And B’ (SNRPB) is highly expressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and functions as an oncogene. However, whether SNRPB contributes to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC is still unknown. This study aimed to explore how SNRPB regulates the effect of cisplatin in NSCLC.Methods: In this study, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays were performed to examine cell survival, cell cycle and apoptosis in NSCLC cells upon cisplatin treatment. Western blotting assays were used to examine the cell cycle and apoptosis-related protein expression. The effects of SNRPB on cisplatin-mediated tumor inhibition was measured via a xenograft tumor model in nude mouse.Results: SNRPB negatively regulates cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. Knocking out of SNRPB could significantly decrease cisplatin-induced cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in H1299 cells. However, enforced expression of SNRPB in H460 cells can markedly promote cisplatin-induced cell growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Our results also indicate that overexpression of SNRPB enhances the inhibitory effects of cisplatin on H460 cell-mediated xenograft tumors.Conclusion: Our results suggest that SNRPB may be a prediction marker for NSCLC patients in response to cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Evaluation of Genetic Stability in Olive Callus-induced and Meristem-induced Shoots using Flow Cytometry and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Techniques
Authors: Mirzaei Leila , Yadollahi Abbas , Kermani Maryam Jafarkhani , Naderpour Masoud , Zeinanloo Ali Asghar , Farsi Maryam , Davoodi Dariush 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn vitro culture of olive, as an economically valuable tree, has fundamentally genotype-dependant low micropropagation rate which need to be improved in already established cultivars, while needing to be struggled in firstly considered cultivars. Various plant tissue culture media, planting systems and growth factors were evaluated in two promissing Iranian olive cultivars ˈAminˈ and ˈMeshkatˈ plus a commercial Spanish cultivar ˈArbequinaˈ. ResultsThe results showed that in ˈAminˈ cultivar MS enriched with zeatin (4 mg/L), in ˈArbequinaˈ cultivar OM enriched with zeatin (1 mg/L) and in ˈMeshkatˈ cultivar OM and MS enriched with zeatin (2 mg/L) produced reasonably healthier in vitro plantlets. The results indicated that using Periodical Mini Bioreactor (PMB) system in the presence of VS medium in ˈAminˈ cultivar resulted in growth indicies amelioration compared to semi-solid media. Regarding carbon sources and light intensities, mannitol and 2000 cd·sr·m-² greatly enhancedˈArbequinaˈ growth indices. The genetic stability of callus induced shoots (CIS) was compared with meristem induced shoots (MIS) using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) marker and flow cytometery (FCM). The results revealed that 2C DNA value assessed by partec FCM was mostly depended on the cultivars rather than the origin of generation -callus or meristem-. The AFLP results also showed that the cultivars were classified regardless of the micropropagation origin (CIS or MIS), except for ˈArbequinaˈ. However, ˈArbequinaˈ CIS and MIS still had 62- 80% of genetic similarity with three other categories and the highest resemblance (97%) was seen with MIS of ˈAminˈ cultivar. ConclusionsBriefly,olive in vitro propagation optimization co-produced large volume and percent of calli resulting in more undesired indirect organogenesis. True to typeness of CIS was assessed showing that no changes in DNA amount occurred. Nonetheless, in phylogenetic analysis cultivars were clustered separately even some discrepancies were seen in ˈArbequinaˈ MIS and CIS, however, ˈAminˈ and ˈMeshkatˈ cultivars were more stable in clustering.
Correlation Between Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Formation Capability Among Klebsiella Pneumoniae Strains Isolated From Hospitalized Patients in Iran
Authors: Shadkam Shadi , Goli Hamid Reza , Mirzaei Bahman , Gholami Mehrdad , Ahanjan Mohammad 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundKlebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a common cause of nosocomial infections. Antibiotic resistance and ability to form biofilm, as two key virulence factors of K. pneumoniae, involved in persistent of the infections. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation capability among K. pneumoniae strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Iran.MethodsOver a 10-month period, a total of 100 non-duplicate K. pneumoniae strains were collected. Antibiotic susceptibility test was determined by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to CLSI. Biofilm formation was assessed by tissue culture plate method. Finally, polymerase chain reaction was conducted to detect four families of carbapenemase: blaIMP, blaVIM, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, biofilm formation associated genes; treC, wza, luxS and K. pneumoniae confirming gene; rpoB.ResultsMost of the isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole (52%), cefotaxime (51%), cefepime (43%), and ceftriaxone (43%). Among all the 100 isolates, 67 were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and 11 were extensively drug-resistant (XDR). The prevalence of the blaVIM, blaIMP, blaNDM, and blaOXA-48 genes were 7%, 11%, 5%, and 28%, respectively. Among these isolates, 25% formed fully established biofilms, 19% were categorized as moderately biofilm-producing, 31% formed weak biofilms, and 25% were non-biofilm-producers. Molecular distribution of biofilm formation genes revealed that 98%, 96%, and 34% of the isolates carried luxS, treC, and wza genes, respectively. ConclusionThe rise of antibiotic resistance among biofilm-producer strains, demonstrating a serious alarm about limited treatment options in hospital setting. Also, fundamental actions and introduction of novel strategies for controlling of K. pneumoniae biofilm-related infections is essential.
Primary Yolk Sac Tumor of the Endometrium-----A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ge Huijuan , Bi Rui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPrimary yolk sac tumor (YST) of the endometrium is extremely rare. We report a case of endometrial YST and review the literature to provide a comprehensive understanding of the diagnosis and management of primary YST of the endometrium.Methods A 43-year-old woman with primary YST of the endometrium is described. We summarize the clinical characteristics, treatments and prognosis of the case reported herein and 29 cases from the literature.ResultsIn a total of 30 primary endometrial YSTs, the average patient age was 52 years (range, 24-87 y). The mean tumor size was 6.94 cm (range 1.3-19.0 cm). Increasing serum levels of AFP were observed in all but one patient. Stage I was more common (12/30, 40%), followed by stages II (5/30, 17%), III (6/30, 20%) and IV (7/30, 23%). Of all 30 patients, 17 (57%) had pure endometrial YST, and 13 (43%) had a concomitant somatic neoplasm representing between <10% and 90% of the tumor, of which endometrial adenocarcinoma was the most common. Patients with pure YST were younger than those with concomitant somatic tumors (ranging from 24-68 years, mean 44.41 years vs. range 28-87 years, mean 61.92 years, P=0.008). Endometrial YSTs with somatic neoplasms had a poorer prognosis than pure YSTs.ConclusionPrimary YST of the endometrium is an extremely rare disease. Surgery combined with adjuvant chemotherapy is the most effective treatment. A late stage and combined somatic components may indicate a poor prognosis.
Cortical Circuit Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Alpha-synucleinopathy in Vivo
Authors: Blumenstock Sonja , Sun Fanfan , Marinkovic Petar , Sgobio Carmelo , Liebscher Sabine , Herms Jochen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Considerable fluctuations in cognitive performance and eventual dementia are an important characteristic of alpha-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Lewy Body dementia (LBD) and are linked to cortical dysfunction. The presence of misfolded and aggregated alpha-synuclein (a-syn) in the cerebral cortex of patients has been suggested to play a crucial role in this process. However, the consequences of a-syn accumulation on the function of cortical networks at cellular resolution in vivo are largely unknown. Here we used the striatal seeding model in wildtype mice in order to induce robust a-synuclein pathology in the cerebral cortex. 9 months after a single intrastriatal injection of a-syn preformed fibrils, we performed in vivo two-photon calcium imaging in awake mice. We observed profound alterations of the function of layer 2/3 cortical neurons in somatosensory cortex (S1), as witnessed by an enhanced response to whisking and increased synchrony, accompanied by a decrease in baseline Ca2+ levels. Stereological analyses revealed a reduction in GAD67-positive inhibitory cells in S1 in PFF-injected brains. These findings point to a disturbed excitation/inhibition balance as an important driver of circuit dysfunction in alpha-synucleinopathies, which may underly cognitive changes in these diseases.
DNAJB6 Suppresses Alpha-synuclein Induced Pathology in an Animal Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Arkan Sertan , Ljungberg Mårten , Kirik Deniz , Hansen Christian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation can lead to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta ( SNpc ) as invariably observed in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). The co-chaperone DNAJB6 has previously been found to be expressed at higher levels in PD patients than in control subjects and was also found in Lewy bodies. Our previous experiments showed that knock out of DNAJB6 induced α-syn aggregation in cellular level. However, effects of overexpression of DNAJB6 against α-syn aggregation remains to be investigated. Methods: we used to α-syn CFP/YFP HEK293 FRET cell line to investigate the effects of overexpression of DNAJB6 in cellular level. α-syn aggregation was induced by transfection α-syn preformed fibrils (PPF), then was measured FRET analysis. We proceeded to investigate if DNAJB6b can impair α-syn aggregation and toxicity in an animal model and used adeno associated vira (AAV6) designed to overexpress of human wt α-syn, GFP-DNAJB6 or GFP in rats. These vectors were injected into the SNpc of the rats, unilaterally. Rats injected with vira to express α-syn along with GFP in the SNpc where compared to rats expressing α-syn and GFP-DNAJB6. We evaluated motor functions, dopaminergic cell death, phosphorylated α-syn in SNpc and axonal degeneration in striatum. Results : We show that DNAJB6 prevent α-syn aggregation induced by α-syn PFF’s, in a cell culture model. Also, we observed α-syn overexpression caused dopaminergic cell death and that this was strongly reduced by co-expression of DNAJB6b. In addition, the lesion caused by α-syn overexpression resulted in behavior deficits, which increased over time as seen in stepping test, which was rescued by co-expression of DNAJB6b. Moreover, we observed an increase in serine 129 (S129) phosphorylated α-syn in SNpc of rats overexpressing α-syn, that was lowered by DNAJB6 co-expression. Conclusion : We here demonstrate for the first time that DNAJB6 is a strong suppressor of α-syn aggregation in cells and in animals and that this results in a suppression of dopaminergic cell death and PD related motor deficits in an animal model of PD. Keywords: Protein homeostasis, Parkinson`s Disease, Alpha-synuclein, Adeno Associated Virus, DNAJB6, Heat Shock Protein 70
Prevalence of Depression and its Impact on Quality of Life among Frontline Otorhinolaryngology Nurses During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A National Survey
Authors: Tian Zi-Rong , xie xiaomeng , Li Xiu-Ya , Li Yue , Zhang Qinge , Zhao Yan-Jie , Cheung Teris , Ungvari Gabor S. , An Feng-Rong , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: Exposure to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was associated with high risk of mental health problems among frontline nurses. This study examined the prevalence of depressive symptoms (depression hereafter) and its impact on quality of life (QOL) among otorhinolaryngology (ENT) nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.Methods: A national online study was conducted between March 15 and March 20, 2020. Depression and QOL were assessed using standardized instruments.Results: A total of 1,757 participants were recruited. The prevalence of depression was 33.75% (95% CI: 31.59%-35.97%). Results emerging from multiple logistic regression analysis showed that direct care of COVID-19 patients (OR: 1.440, 95% CI: 1.031–2.012, P= 0.032), and current smoker (OR: 3.143, 95% CI: 1.020–9.690, P = 0.046) were significantly associated with depression. After controlling for covariates, ENT nurses with depression had a lower overall QOL compared to those without (F (1, 1757) =536.80, P<0.001).Conclusions: Depression was common among ENT nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Considering the negative impact of depression on QOL and care quality, regular screening for depression should be conducted among ENT nurses and timely treatments should be provided for those in need.
Preoperative Carbohydrate Load and Intraoperative Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy for Elderly Patients Undergoing Open Gastrointestinal Operation: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Xia , Zhang Peng , Liu MengXue , Ma JunLi , Wei XinChuan , Fan Dan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: At present it remains uncertain as to whether carbohydrate (200 ml) loaded 2 hours before anesthesia induction combined with intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) is beneficial to elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal operations. As such, a randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the relative impact of perioperative fluid optimisation versus conventional fluid therapy (CFT) on clinical outcomes in elderly patients following gastrointestinal surgery.Methods: A total of 120 elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery were randomized into a CFT group (n = 60) with traditional methods of fasting and water-deprivation, and a GDFT group (n = 60) with carbohydrate (200 ml) load 2 hours before anesthesia induction. The CFT group underwent routine monitoring during surgery, however, the GDFT group was conducted by a Vigileo/FloTrac monitor with cardiac index (CI), stroke volume variation (SVV), and mean arterial pressure (MAP). For all patients, demographic information, intraoperative parameters and postoperative outcomes were recorded.Results: Patients in the GDFT group were administered less crystalloid fluid (1111 ± 442.9 ml vs 1411 ± 412.6 ml; p = 0.000) and produced less urine output (200 ml [150-300] vs 400 ml [290-500]; p = 0.000) relative to patients in the CFT group. Moreover, GDFT was associated with a shorter average time to first flatus (55 ± 13.9 hours vs 65 ± 22.6 hours; p = 0.004) and oral intake (72 ± 17.4 hours vs 85 ± 27.5 hours; p = 0.002), as well as a reduction in the rate of postoperative complications (14 (25.5%) vs 27(47.4%) patients; p = 0.016). However, postoperative hospitalization or hospitalization expenses were similar between groups.Conclusions: Focused on elderly patients undergoing open gastrointestinal surgery, we found perioperative fluid optimisation may be associated with improvement of bowel function and a lower incidence of postoperative complications. Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR1800018227. Registered 6 September 2018 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=29899
Fabrication of Micro/Nanofibrous Scaffolds using a Robotic Manipulator and Their Application for Tissue Engineering
Authors: Shynkarenko Andrii , Azulay Dekel , Hauzerova Sarka , Klapstova Andrea , Moucka Michal , Jencova Vera , Lukas David 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Nanofibrous materials currently find a wide range of medical and bioengineering applications including tissue-engineering scaffolds, sutures, and wound dressings. Recently, production of nanofibrous materials via Electrospinning has played a dominant role in this area. Here we introduce an alternative method, which we call the drawing method, which allows us to produce individual micro and nanofibers and to position them precisely into a two-dimensional network. Results: The creation of such nano or micro fibrous networks is enabled thanks to a special arm-like robotic manipulator that we have designed, including its control system software. In this work we produced and tested microfibrous scaffolds of precise geometry made of two different biodegradable polymers: Polycaprolactone and Polylactide – Polycaprolactone copolymer. The microfibrous networks produced thereby were analyzed using a scanning electronic microscope and tested in vitro for cell adhesion and proliferation. The crystallinity of the resulting manufactured polymeric structures was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry. Conclusions: The mechanical drawing of individual microfibers presented in this article is a promising method to produce precisely oriented nano and microfibrous structures for technical as well as bioengineering applications. Our results indicate that the mechanical drawing of microfibers expands the possibilities for the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds. Therefore, we believe that the range of applications of mechanical fiber drawing may soon expand.
Serum Lipid, Total Bile Acid and Total Bilirubin Levels are the Risk Factors of Gallstones
Authors: Zeng Dehui , Wu Heming , Huang Qingyan , Zeng Anxiang , Yu Zhikang , Zhong Zhixiong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The risk factors for gallstones among the population in the Meizhou area remains unclear.Methods: A total of 816 gallstone disease patients and 818 control participants was included in the study. Serum lipid levels of all participants were measured. Information recorded included age, sex, and gallstone disease risk factors.Results: Of the 1,634 enrolled individuals, with ages between 13 and 101 years, 727 were males and 907 females. The differences in serum TG (P<0.001), LDL-C (P=0.043), TBA (P<0.001), and T-BIL (P<0.001) levels between patients and controls were statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences in age, percentage of ever drinker, the percentage of ever smokers, the prevalence of hypertension, prevalence of diabetes mellitus, serum levels of TC, HDL-C, Apo-A1, Apo-B, and Apo-A1/Apo-B between the patients and controls. There were statistically significant differences in the frequencies of gallstones in common bile duct (χ2=13.909, P<0.001), and intrahepatic bile ducts (χ2=8.289, P=0.004) between male and female patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of the different gallstones sizes between male and female patients. Serum TBA (P<0.001) and T-BIL (P<0.001) levels in patients with gallstones in common bile duct higher than gallstones in gall bladder and intrahepatic bile ducts patients. Logistic regression analysis indicated that participants with high TG, LDL-C, TBA, and T-BIL had a significantly higher risk of gallstone disease.Conclusions: In general, high serum levels of TG, LDL-C, TBA, and T-BIL are the main risk factors for gallstone formation in the Meizhou area.
Investigating the Role of Transcription Factors TWIST1, TWIST2 and PPARγ in the Progression of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis
Authors: Zhang Yanmei , Ge Xiaoxiao , Li Yongqing , Lu Sumei , Ma Wanshan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the role that transcription factors TWIST1, TWIST2 and PPARγ play in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis progression. Methods: The protein levels of TWIST1, TWIST2 and PPARγ were determined in the serum of NAFLD patients and healthy controls by ELISA. An in vivo model for fatty liver was established by feeding C57BL/6J mice a high fat diet (HFD). An in vitro model of steatosis was established by treating LO-2 cells with oleic acid (OA). RNA sequencing was performed on the untreated and OA treated LO-2 cells followed by TWIST1, TWIST2 and PPARγ gene mRNA levels analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and pathway analysis. Results: The TWIST2 serum protein levels decreased significantly in all fatty liver groups (P<0.05) while TWIST1 varied. TWIST2 tended to be lower in mice fed a HFD and was significantly lower at 3 months. Similarly, in our in vitro model, TWIST2 protein level was down significantly at 48 and 72 hours after OA treatment. RNA sequencing of the LO-2 cells showed an approximately 2.3-fold decrease in TWIST2, with TWIST1 and PPARγ no obvious change. The PPAR signaling pathway was enriched with 4 genes up regulated in OA treated cells (P=0.0018). IL-17 and TNF signaling pathways were enriched in OA treated cells. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that TWIST2 and PPARγ are important in NAFLD and shed light on a potential mechanism of steatosis.