bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Want to make me happy? Tell me about your experiences but not your objects
Authors: Bastos Wilson 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEvidence indicates that experiences bring greater benefits to consumers than objects. Extending this research beyond the actual purchaser, this work examines individuals who experience the purchase only indirectly via a conversation—listeners. It explores how conversations about experiential versus material purchases affect listeners socially and emotionally. Results show that hearing about others' experiences (vs. objects) advances listeners' happiness more. This finding shows that the scope of experiential purchases' advantage is wider than previously known. Further, this work identifies a sequential mechanism: Conversations about experiences (vs. objects) are more substantive, allowing listeners to build stronger social connections with tellers and, in turn, gain more happiness from the interaction. Critically, this mechanism explains the effect above and beyond a previously‐advanced mechanism via perceived motivation. Additionally, this work identifies a boundary of the model: purchase valence. Theoretical and practical implications for managers, consumers, and policymakers are discussed.
Objective evaluation of an occlusive overnight intensive patch containing onion extract and allantoin for hypertrophic scars
Authors: Guertler Anne , Schwaiger Hannah , Poetschke Julian , Steckmeier Stephanie , Gauglitz Gerd 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients suffering from hypertrophic scars often describe esthetic, functional, and psychological impairments. While current guidelines for the treatment of pathologic scarring recommend the use of onion extract containing gels and sheets, hard evidence for its efficacy remains scarce due to inconsistent data. Onion extract and allantoin containing occlusive overnight intensive patches (OIP) were introduced as a recent option for noninvasive scar management. However, objective data demonstrating their efficacy are missing.AimsThis study is the first to objectively evaluate the benefit and safety of an OIP for hypertrophic scars using a three‐dimensional imaging device and a standardized scar scale.MethodsTwelve patients with untreated, three to twelve months old hypertrophic scars received an OIP for 3 months. The assessment was performed using PRIMOS®pico, a three‐dimensional imaging device and POSAS, a standardized scar questionnaire at baseline, one and 3 months after the last treatment.ResultsObjective evaluation at three months follow‐up (FU) showed a significant decrease in scar height of 28.8% (baseline mean: 2.08 ± 0.68 mm, three months FU mean: 1.48 ± 0.52 mm) and a reduction in scar volume of 31.9% (baseline mean: 454.33 ± 265.53 mm3, 3 months FU mean: 309.58 ± 224.28 mm3). Pain and pruritus subsided under treatment. There were no negative side effects.ConclusionOvernight intensive patches is a convenient, painless, safe, affordable and effective prevention and treatment option for hypertrophic scars. Treatment should be performed at least for 3 months for visible effects.
An injectable liposome for sustained release of icariin to the treatment of acute blunt muscle injury
Authors: Wang Jinwu , Zhu Gaosheng , Wang Xingyu , Cai Jie , Xie Linzhen , Zheng Wenhao , Feng Yongzeng , Guo Qiang , Chen Hua , Cai Leyi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Icariin, extracted from Epimedium, is a kind of flavonoid and possesses osteogenesis and antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of icariin liposome on acute blunt skeletal muscle injury in rats.

Methods
Icariin liposome was prepared by the thin-film dispersion method. After muscle injury, the corresponding treatment measures were given every day for two weeks. Recovery and mechanism of muscle injury were evaluated by QRT-PCR, HE, immunohistochemistry, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and serological tests.

Key findings
The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of icariin liposomes were 171.37 ± 38.23 nm, 0.27 ± 0.01, −5.59 ± 1.36 mV, 78.15 ± 2.04% and 15.62%, respectively. The QRT-PCR showed that icariin liposome significantly promoted the expression of MHCIIB and vimentin. Through HE, immunohistochemistry, ELISA and serological tests, we found that icariin liposome effectively promoted desmin expression, reduced collagen I expression and inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory factors, including TNF-α and IL-6. Icariin liposome therapy significantly reduced the level of malondialdehyde and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase.

Conclusions
Icariin liposome has excellent therapeutic effects on acute blunt muscle injury in rats by improving immunity, repairing cytoskeleton and cellular integrity, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and antioxidant stress.
Telephone‐guided imagery rehearsal therapy for nightmares: Efficacy and mediator of change
Authors: Lancee Jaap , Effting Marieke , Kunze Anna E. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe currently best‐supported psychological treatment for nightmares is imagery rehearsal therapy. The problem, however, is that not enough trained practitioners are available to offer this treatment. A possible solution is to conduct imagery rehearsal therapy in a guided self‐help format. In the current study, 70 participants with nightmares according to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders were randomized to either telephone‐guided imagery rehearsal therapy (n = 36) or a wait‐list condition (n = 34). Participants in the imagery rehearsal therapy condition received three sessions over the course of 5 weeks. Every treatment session was followed by telephone support delivered by postgraduate students. Participants who received imagery rehearsal therapy showed larger improvements on nightmare frequency (d = 1.03; p < .05), nightmare distress (d = 0.75; p < .05) and insomnia severity (d = 1.12; p < .001) compared with the participants in the wait‐list condition. The effects were sustained at 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up. No significant effects were observed on the number of nights with nightmares per week, anxiety and depression. In line with earlier reports, the treatment effect was mediated by the increase of mastery at mid‐treatment, underlining the mechanistic value of mastery in imagery rehearsal therapy. The present study demonstrates that it is possible to deliver imagery rehearsal therapy in a self‐help format supported by unexperienced therapists and with relatively little time investment. This opens possibilities in terms of cost‐effectiveness, scalability and dissemination of imagery rehearsal therapy in the treatment of nightmares.
The genetic polymorphism down‐regulating HLA‐DRB1 enhancer activity facilitates HBV persistence, evolution and hepatocarcinogenesis in the Chinese Han population
Authors: Deng Yang , Li Peng , Liu Wenbin , Pu Rui , Yang Fan , Song Jiahui , Yin Jianhua , Han Xue , Li Chengzhong , Zhao Jun , Wang Hongyang , Cao Guangwen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGenetic predisposition of human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐DR has been linked to nonresponse to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination. We sought to reveal their effects on chronic infection and evolution of HBV and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Genetic polymorphisms at HLA‐DR enhancer regions were genotyped in 4588 participants using quantitative PCR. HBV mutations were determined by sequencing. A dual‐luciferase assay was applied to detect the enhancer activity. Associations between HLA‐DR polymorphisms and postoperative prognosis were investigated in another cohort of 397 HBV‐infected HCC patients. Variant alleles (rs3135395‐T, rs3135338‐C and rs477515‐T) were significantly associated with a decreased risk of HBV persistence in Chinese patients. rs3135395‐T, rs3135338‐C, rs477515‐T and rs2395178‐G also significantly decreased HCC risk. rs3135395‐T, rs477515‐T and rs2395178‐G were inversely associated with the generation of A1762T/G1764A, T1753V and C1653T, the HCC‐risk HBV mutations. Multiplicative interactions of the variant genotypes with the HCC‐risk HBV mutations were significantly associated with a decreased risk of HCC. In multivariate Cox analysis, rs477515‐T independently predicted a favourable prognosis, with a hazard ratio of 0.48 (P = .002). The activity of the HLA‐DRB1 enhancer with rs477515‐T was significantly higher than that with rs477515‐C. The activity of the HLA‐DRB1 enhancer with rs477515‐T and that with rs477515‐C was significantly up‐regulated by interferon‐γ and interleukin‐4, respectively. Interleukin‐6 significantly inhibited the HLA‐DRB1 enhancer activity, and this effect was more evident in those carrying rs477515‐T. Polymorphisms predisposing to down‐regulation of HLA‐DR facilitate the Th1‐to‐Th2 transition and promote HCC development, possibly via selecting the HCC‐risk HBV mutations. This can be transformed into specific prophylaxis of HCC.
Optimal investment, derivative demand, and arbitrage under price impact
Authors: Anthropelos Michail , Robertson Scott , Spiliopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the optimal investment problem with random endowment in an inventory‐based price impact model with competitive market makers. Our goal is to analyze how price impact affects optimal policies, as well as both pricing rules and demand schedules for contingent claims. For exponential market makers preferences, we establish two effects due to price impact: constrained trading and nonlinear hedging costs. To the former, wealth processes in the impact model are identified with those in a model without impact, but with constrained trading, where the (random) constraint set is generically neither closed nor convex. Regarding hedging, nonlinear hedging costs motivate the study of arbitrage free prices for the claim. We provide three such notions, which coincide in the frictionless case, but which dramatically differ in the presence of price impact. Additionally, we show arbitrage opportunities, should they arise from claim prices, can be exploited only for limited position sizes, and may be ignored if outweighed by hedging considerations. We also show that arbitrage‐inducing prices may arise endogenously in equilibrium, and that equilibrium positions are inversely proportional to the market makers' representative risk aversion. Therefore, large positions endogenously arise in the limit of either market maker risk neutrality, or a large number of market makers.
Cytomegalovirus infection and allograft rejection among pediatric heart transplant recipients in the era of valganciclovir prophylaxis
Authors: Das Bibhuti B. , Prusty Bhupesh K. , Niu Jianli , Sue Paul K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCMV infection remains a significant cause of morbidity among pediatric HTx recipients We explored the implications of CMV infection on post‐transplant outcomes among CMV risk‐stratified pediatric HTx recipients receiving VGC prophylaxis. Children who underwent HTx between January 2010 and October 2016 were stratified according to CMV risk at time of transplant and evaluated for evidence of post‐transplant CMV infection, rejection, CAV, and graft loss. Among 97 children, 41 (42%) were considered HR or IR risk for CMV infection and received VGC prophylaxis. CMV DNAemia was observed in 34% of children, including 71% HR, 40% IR, and 18% LR individuals. Median time to CMV DNAemia following VGC prophylaxis was 32D among HR vs 277D in IR subjects (P = .042). No difference in overall graft loss was noted among groups, but CMV HR children had decreased rejection‐free survival (3.5 years) compared to IR (6 years,P = .015) and LR children (8 years,P = .0003). CMV was noted on EMB in 13% of children but was not associated with increased CAV, rejection or graft loss. High‐risk CMV status was associated with decreased time to CMV infection despite VGC prophylaxis, compared to IR, and decreased rejection‐free survival times compared to both IR and LR recipients. Detection of CMV on EMB was not associated with increased rejection, CAV or graft loss. Additional studies are needed to explore the impact of CMV infection on rejection‐free survival in HTx recipients.
Photodynamic Therapy and Immune Checkpoint Blockade†
Authors: Cramer Gwendolyn M. , Moon Edmund K. , Cengel Keith A. , Busch Theresa M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractImmune checkpoints including PD‐1 and CTLA‐4 help to regulate the intensity and timeframe of the immune response. Since they become upregulated in cancer and prevent sufficient antitumor immunity, monoclonal antibodies against these checkpoints have shown clinical promise for a range of cancers. Multimodal treatment plans combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with other therapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), may help to expand treatment efficacy and minimize side effects. PDT's cytotoxic effects are spatially limited by the light activation process, constraining PDT direct effects to the treatment field. The production of damage‐associated molecular patterns and tumor‐associated antigens from PDT can encourage accumulation and maturation of antigen‐presenting cells and reprogram the tumor microenvironment to be more susceptible to therapies targeting immune checkpoints.
Judgments of Capability and Conformity as Distinct Forms of Social Judgments, and the Way They Interact to Shape Evaluator Decisions
Authors: Topaler Başak , Küp Eyüp Tolunay 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveSocial judgments are evaluators’ opinions about the social properties of a set of actors. Different types of judgments rendered by the evaluators and potential interactions between them may have major consequences for the actors who are evaluated. In this article, we distinguish between judgments of capability and conformity, and examine their concurrent and interdependent effects on evaluator impressions.MethodsWe investigate these dynamics in the context of authors competing for the best paper award at the Academy of Management (AoM) conference.ResultsFindings of our empirical analyses demonstrate interdependent effects of capability and conformity judgments on the committee members’ decisions. We demonstrate that evaluators expect greater conformity to their ideal template from more capable actors who have greater potential to contribute to these ideals.ConclusionOur study advances the literature on social judgments by showing that congruence (or incongruence) among distinct types of judgment shape evaluators’ decisions, beyond their independent effects.
The role of viscoelastic testing in the management of the parturient
Authors: Waters Jonathan H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractViscoelastic testing is the measurement of how the viscoelastic properties of blood change as blood clots. In pregnancy, unique changes in clotting function occur overall to make the pregnant woman hypercoagulable. Viscoelastic testing may be able to play a role in guiding placement of epidural and spinal anesthetics by demonstrating enhanced coagulation function, even when there are individual parts of the coagulation system that are abnormal, for example, thrombocytopenia. These tools may also play a role in addressing the management of maternal hemorrhage, which in the United States is on the rise. This review discusses the opportunity to use viscoelastic testing in the parturient.
Energy Dissipation During Prey Capture Process in Spider Orb Webs
Authors: Jiang Yanhui , Nayeb-Hashemi Hamid 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCapture of a prey by spider orb webs is a dynamic process with energy dissipation. The dynamic response of spider orb webs under prey impact requires a multi-scale modeling by considering the material microstructures and the assembly of spider silks in the macro-scale. To better understand the prey capture process, this paper addresses a multi-scale approach to uncover the underlying energy dissipation mechanisms. Simulation results show that the microstructures of spider dragline silk play a significant role on energy absorption during prey capture. The alteration of the microstructures, material internal friction, and plastic deformation lead to energy dissipation, which is called material damping. In addition to the material damping in the micro-scale modeling, the energy dissipation due to drag force on the prey is also taken into consideration in the macro-scale modeling. The results indicate that aerodynamic drag, i.e., aero-damping, plays a significant role when the prey size is larger than a critical size.
Analysis and Modeling of Liquid Holdup in Low Liquid Loading Two-Phase Flow Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and Experimental Data
Authors: Ballesteros Miguel , Ratkovich Nicolás , Pereyra Eduardo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Low liquid loading flow occurs very commonly in the transport of any kind of wet gas, such as in the oil and gas, the food, and the pharmaceutical industries. However, most studies that analyze this type of flow do not cover actual industry fluids and operating conditions. This study focused then on modeling this type of flow in medium-sized (6-in [DN 150] and 10-in [DN 250]) pipes, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. When comparing with experimental data from the University of Tulsa, the differences observed between experimental and CFD data for the liquid holdup and the pressure drop seemed to fall within acceptable error, around 20%. Additionally, different pipe sections from a Colombian gas pipeline were simulated with a natural gas-condensate mixture to analyze the effect of pipe inclination and operation variables on liquid holdup, in real industry conditions. It was noticed that downward pipe inclinations favored smooth stratified flow and decreased liquid holdup in an almost linear fashion, while upward inclinations generated unsteady wavy flows, or even a possible annular flow, and increased liquid holdup and liquid entrainment into the gas phase.
Development and Preliminary Validation of a Sport-Specific Self-Report Measure of Identity Foreclosure
Authors: Brewer Britton W. , Caldwell Christine M. , Petitpas Albert J. , Van Raalte Judy L. , Pans Miquel , Cornelius Allen E. 
Published: June 2020

A sport-specific, self-report measure of identity foreclosure was developed through a systematic process that included item pool generation, expert review, administration of items to a development sample of intercollegiate student athletes (N = 326), item evaluation, and administration of scales to validation samples of intercollegiate student athletes (N = 322, N = 54, and N = 64, respectively). The process yielded two four-item scales reflecting commitment to the occupational identity of athlete and one 4-item scale reflecting active exploration of roles other than that of athlete that (a) are internally consistent and temporally stable, (b) demonstrate preliminary factorial and convergent validity, and (c) can be used to create indices of identity foreclosure tailored to the sport context. The resulting Sport-Specific Measure of Identity Foreclosure has potential utility as an assessment tool for research and practice with athletes.
Nasal insertion depths for neonatal intubation
Authors: Maiwald Christian Achim , Neuberger Patrick , Mueller-Hansen Ingo , Goelz Rangmar , Michel Jörg , Esser Michael , Engel Corinna , Franz Axel R , Poets Christian F 
Published: June 2020

AimData on the depth of nasal intubation in neonates are rare, although this is the preferred route in some countries. Therefore, recommendations on optimal nasal intubation depths based on gestational age (GA) and weight are desirable.MethodsWe determined the distances between the middle of thoracic vertebrae 2 (T2) and the tip of the endotracheal tube in 116 X-rays from nasally intubated neonates. The intubation depth (tip to nostril distance) that was documented in the digital patient’s file was then corrected for this distance to reach an optimal nasal insertion depth. Results were plotted against the infant’s GA and weight.ResultsGA-based and birthweight-based charts and formulas for the nasal intubation depth in infants with a GA between 24 and 43 weeks and body weight between 400 and 4500 g were created.ConclusionsGenerated data may help in predicting optimal insertion depths for nasal intubation in neonates.
Real-life outcomes in spasticity management: features affecting goal achievement
Authors: Singh Rajiv , Clarke Alison 
Published: June 2020

Background/objectiveSpasticity is a complex and common condition but there is a lack of ‘real-world’ data on goal setting and spasticity treatment, as well as identifying those features that might be associated with goal achievement. Our aim was to provide such data.MethodsProspective attenders at a multi-disciplinary spasticity clinic over 2 years followed for consecutive appointments. Patient demographics and doses of botulinum toxin injected were documented. Main outcome was achievement of a primary goal but secondary goals were also recorded. Independent variables were examined for association to the outcome.ResultsA total of 606 goals were set in 224 patients. The majority (75.2%) were achieved with similar levels across active (72.5%), passive (75.7%) and pain (78.6%) goals. However, in terms of the primary goal, active primary goals were achieved less frequently (59.7%) than non-active primary goal (74.2%). A logistic regression confirmed that this was the only independent variable associated with primary goal achievement. The majority of patients (61.6%) required changes to their treatment between appointments, irrespective of time since diagnosis, age or aetiology.ConclusionsMost goals set in spasticity clinic can be achieved irrespective of type of goal. However, active goals may be harder to accomplish when they are set as a primary goal. This may reflect the desire of individuals to prioritise a desirable goal rather than one that is achievable. While goal setting is important in the management of spasticity patients, very few patient or treatment factors are associated with outcome prediction. Further work needs to identify features that may predict successful outcome.