bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Outcomes and Safety of Radical Transmediastinal Esophagectomy with Preoperative Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and 5-Fluorouracil Combination Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thoracic Esophagus
Authors: Yamagata Yukinori , Saito Kazuyuki , Hirano Kosuke , Oya Masatoshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background It is unknown whether transmediastinal esophagectomy (TME) is an acceptable surgical procedure for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of and long-term survival after TME with neoadjuvant docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil combination chemotherapy (DCF therapy). Methods This retrospective, observational study included locally advanced resectable ESCC. All patients received two cycles of preoperative DCF therapy (60 mg/m2 of docetaxel and cisplatin on day 1 and 700 mg/m2/day of 5-FU on days 1-5 in each cycle) followed by radical TME. The main outcomes were survival and the rate of adverse events of chemotherapy and surgery.ResultsSixteen patients were included in this study. All patients received two cycles of DCF therapy, followed by surgery. The median follow-up duration of the 16 patients was 35.4 months. The 2-year overall survival (OS) was 93.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 61.3-99.0), and the 3-year OS was 78.8% (95% CI, 47.3-92.7). The 2-year and 3-year relapse-free survivals were both 73.3% (95% CI, 43.6-89.1). Leucopoenia and neutropenia occurred in most patients; however, they were controllable. Fifteen patients completed TME and one was converted to open transthoracic esophagectomy because of tracheal injury. Three-field dissection was performed for 12 of 16 patients (75%), and R0 resection was achieved in 15 of 16 patients (93.8%). Three cases of Grade IIIb chylothorax were observed. There was no mortality in this study. ConclusionCombined neoadjuvant DCF and TME for locally advanced ESCC was safe and less invasive than traditional therapies and had a satisfactory long-term prognosis.
Brain Oscillatory Coupling during Motor Control as a Potential Biomarker for Autism Spectrum Disorders: a comparative study
Authors: An Kyung-min , Ikeda Takashi , Hirosawa Tetsu , Hasegawa Chiaki , Yoshimura Yuko , Tanaka Sanae , Saito Daisuke N. , Yaoi Ken , Iwasaki Sumie , Kikuchi Mitsuru 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often involves dysfunction in general motor control and motor coordination, in addition to core symptoms. However, the neural mechanisms underlying motor dysfunction in ASD are poorly understood. To elucidate this issue, we focused on brain oscillations and their coupling in the primary motor cortex (M1).

Methods

We recorded magnetoencephalography in 18 children with autism spectrum disorder, aged 5 to 7 years, and 19 age- and IQ-matched typically-developing children while they pressed button during a video-game-like motor task. We measured motor-related gamma (70 to 90 Hz) and pre-movement beta oscillations (15 to 25 Hz) in the primary motor cortex. To determine the coupling between beta and gamma oscillations, we applied phase-amplitude coupling to calculate the statistical dependence between the amplitude of fast oscillations and the phase of slow oscillations.

Results

We observed a motor-related gamma increase and a pre-movement beta decrease in both groups. The autism spectrum disorder group exhibited a reduced motor-related gamma increase ( t(35) = 2.412, p = 0.021 ) and enhanced pre-movement beta decrease ( t(35) = 2.705, p = 0.010 ) in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex. We found the phase-amplitude coupling that the high-gamma activity modulated by the beta rhythm in the primary motor cortex. Phase-amplitude coupling in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex was reduced in the autism spectrum disorder group compared with the control group ( t(35) = 3.610, p = 0.001 ). Using oscillatory changes and their coupling, linear discriminant analysis classified autism spectrum disorder and control groups with high accuracy (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 97.1%).

Limitations

Further studies with larger sample size and age range of data are warranted to confirm these effects.

Conclusions

The current findings revealed alterations in oscillations and oscillatory coupling reflecting the dysregulation of a motor gating mechanism in ASD. These results may be helpful for elucidating the neural mechanisms underlying motor dysfunction in ASD, suggesting the possibility of developing a biomarker for ASD diagnosis.
Screening for Cervical Cancer: Protocol for Systematic Reviews to Inform Canadian Recommendations
Authors: Gates Allison , Pillay Jennifer , Reynolds Donna , Stirling Robert , Traversy Gregory , Korownyk Christina , Moore Ainsley , Thériault Guylène , Thombs Brett D , Little Julian , Popadiuk Catherine , Niekerk Dirk van , Keto-Lambert Diana , Vandermeer Ben , Hartling Lisa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose. To inform recommendations by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care on cervical cancer screening by systematically reviewing evidence of: (a) the effectiveness; (b) test accuracy; (c) individuals’ values and preferences, and (d) strategies aimed at improving screening rates.Methods. De novo reviews will be conducted to evaluate effectiveness and to assess values and preferences. For test accuracy and strategies to improve screening rates, we will integrate studies from existing systematic reviews with search updates to the present. Two Cochrane reviews will provide evidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes from the conservative management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. We will search Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central (except for individuals’ values and preferences, where Medline, Scopus, and EconLit will be searched) via peer-reviewed search strategies, and the reference lists of included studies and reviews. We will search ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. Two reviewers will screen potentially eligible studies and agree on those to include. Data will be extracted by one reviewer with verification by another. Two reviewers will independently assess risk of bias and reach consensus. Where possible and suitable, we will pool studies via meta-analysis. We will compare accuracy data per outcome and per comparison using the Rutter and Gatsonis hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model and report relative sensitivities and specificities. Findings on values and preferences will be synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach and thematic analysis, depending on study designs. Two reviewers will appraise the certainty of evidence for all outcomes using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) and come to consensus.Discussion. The publication of guidance on cervical cancer screening by the Task Force in 2013 focused on cytology. Since 2013, new studies using human papillomavirus tests for detection of cervical cancer have been published that will improve our understanding of screening in primary care settings. This review will inform updated recommendations based on currently available studies and address key evidence gaps noted in our previous review.Systematic review registration: not registered.
Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Social Robots for Older Adults: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Koh Wei Qi , Felding Simone Anne , Casey Dympna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Psychosocial health issues such as depression and social isolation are an important cause of morbidity and premature mortality for older adults. Social robots are promising technological innovations to deliver effective psychosocial interventions to promote the psychosocial wellbeing of older adults, including people with dementia. Studies have reported positive findings regarding this technology on the psychosocial health of older adults and people with dementia. However, despite positive findings of the effects of social robots for older adults, little is known about factors affecting their implementation in practice. Methods This study follows Arksey and O’Malley’s approach and methodological enhancement by Levac et al (2010). Relevant articles will be identified by searching electronic databases. A two-phase screening process will be undertaken by two independent reviewers to determine articles’ inclusion. Findings will be summarized and reported thematically based on domains in the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-SCr) will be used to guide the reporting of findings. Discussion Reporting the protocol in advance of conducting the review will ensure a rigorous and transparent methodological approach is undertaken. The outcomes of the review include variants in terminologies used to describe implementation, identify the scope of the literature regarding the barriers and facilitators affecting the implementation of social robots, and identify research gaps to guide further empirical research in this field. This evidence synthesis constitutes part of a bigger project aimed to develop implementation guidelines for social robotics for older adults with dementia. Since the methodological process consists of reviewing and collecting data from publicly available data, this study does not require approval from a research ethics board. Scoping Review Registration Our protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/2x3y9/) as an open access article, under the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC-4.0) license, which allows others to distribute, remix, adapt and build on this work on a non-commercial basis, and license their derivative work using different terms, on the basis that the original basis is properly cited and the use is non-commercial (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
Virtual Barriers: Unpacking the Sustainability Implications of Online Food Spaces and the Yellowknife Farmers Market’s Response to COVID-19
Authors: Radcliffe Josalyn , Skinner Kelly , Spring Andrew , Picard Lise , Benoit France , Dodd Warren 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Through their support of local agriculture, relationships, and healthy diets, farmers’ markets can contribute to a sustainable food system. Markets like the Yellowknife Farmers Market (YKFM) are social spaces that support local food, yet the COVID-19 pandemic has forced changes to their current model. This paper explores the potential of online marketplaces to contribute to a resilient, sustainable food system and the barriers to making this transition for the YKFM.
Methods
In 2019, a collaborative mixed-method evaluation was initiated by the YKFM and university partners in the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. The co-created evaluation plan included two patron surveys, a vendor survey and vendor interviews. The evaluation began with an in-person Rapid Market Assessment dot survey and questionnaire of market patrons from two YKFM dates prior to the pandemic. Due to COVID-19, we determined it was not a good time to conduct the vendor survey and interviews. Ongoing engagement with the market facilitated an assessment of the COVID-19 response.
Results
For the patron surveys, 59 dot survey and 31 questionnaire participants were recruited. The top motivators for attendance were eating dinner, atmosphere, and supporting local businesses, and most patrons attended as couples and spent over half of their time talking to others. The YKFM did not move online, citing concerns about meeting produce demand, incongruence between the online model and market strengths, low dependency on the YKFM by vendors, and potential challenges for patrons using new technology.
Conclusions
NWT food strategies rely on farmers’ markets to nurture a local food system. Online markets can support local food by facilitating purchases and knowledge-sharing, yet they do not replicate the open-air or social experience. Challenges to the online transition reflect the survey findings and current food context in the NWT. While online adaptation does not fit into the YKFM plan today, online markets may prove useful as a complementary strategy for future emerging stressors to enhance the resiliency of local systems.
Bacteroides, butyric acid and t10,c12-CLA Changes in Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps
Authors: Chen Ciyan , Niu Min , Liu Shumin , Li Huanqin , He Qiuyue , Mao Jian , Duan Yong , Du Yan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAPs) are considered precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC). There are few studies on patients with CAPs, and studies on microbial communities in the intestinal tract of CAP patients are inconsistent. The gut microbiota participates in the process of digestion and, in the process, produces metabolites, mainly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), secondary bile acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). These studies aimed to investigate the gut microbiota and metabolites in the faeces of CAP patients in order to identify microbiota or metabolites that can be used as sensitive biological predictors and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of CAPs.
Results
faecesWeissella and Lactobacillus were present in the HC group, and the abundance of Bacteroides and Citrobacter was higher in the CAP group than in the HC group. The expression of butyrate-producing bacterial genes was significantly higher in the faeces of CAP patients, but that of secondary bile acid-producing bacterial genes and CLA-producing bacterial genes showed no differences in either faeces or biopsy tissues, and that of butyrate-producing bacterial genes showed no differences in biopsy tissues. The contents of acetic acid and butyric acid were increased in the faeces of the CAP group, and the HC group had higher contents of t10,c12-CLA.
Conclusion
The results of gut microbiota in faeces showed no specific correlation between CAP patients and healthy individuals, but there was indicate that changes of specific genus might be detrimental to intestinal health. In addition, t10,c12-CLA played an important role in protecting the intestine.
THE IMPACT OF BODY MASS INDEX ON ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANRIL GENE POLYMORPHISM AND RENAL CELL CARCINOMA DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Volkogon А. D. , Harbuzova V. Yu. , Ataman О. V. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between rs4977574 polymorphism of the long non-coding RNA ANRIL gene and renal cell carcinoma development depending on body mass index (BMI).
Materials and methods of the research. The venous blood of 101 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) and 100 individuals without cancer history was used for the study. Venous blood leukocyte DNA was extracted using commercial GeneJET Whole Blood Genomic DNA Purification Mini Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA). Genotyping of ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism was performed by Real-time PCR method using TaqMan assay C_31720978_30. The reaction was performed on Quant Studio 5 DX Real-Time (Applied Biosystems, USA). Obtained data was analyzed using SPSS software package (version 17.0). The mean values ​​between two groups were compared using Student's t-test, between three groups – using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc test. The risk of CCRCC onset depending on particular rs4977574-genotype was calculated using binary and multivariate logistic regression under different models of inheritance. P values ​​< 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
Results of research. The analysis of results in total sample showed no difference in rs4977574-genotypes distribution between control and cancer groups (P = 0.216). This difference was almost significant (P = 0.053) in individuals with BMI < 25 kg/m2. However, in persons with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 the rs497757-genotypes frequency was significantly different between patients with renal cancer and control subjects (P = 0.002). It was revealed that minor allele G has a protective effect for CCRCC occurrence in subjects with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (OR = 0.300; P = 0.045 – for dominant model of inheritance). Significant results were also preserved after adjusting for sex, age and smoking habit (OR = 0.169; P = 0.031). The analysis of overweight individuals showed that the minor G-allele of ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism, on the contrary, increased the CCRCC risk (OR = 4,552; P = 0.001 – for dominant model; OR = 2.036; P = 0.041 – for super-dominant model). The statistical significance of results was also maintained after adjusting for sex, age and smoking (OR = 4.202; P = 0.030 – for dominant model; OR = 3.785; P = 0.023 – for super-dominant model). It was also found that BMI (27.5 ± 4.2 kg/m2) in CCRCC patients with minor G-allele (genotypes AG and GG) was higher compared to AA-homozygotes (25. 2 ± 4.3 kg/m2; P = 0.028).
Conclusions. BMI affects the nature of association between ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism and CCRCC development. Thus, the minor G-allele reduces the CCRCC risk in persons with normal weight. However, in persons with overweight, G-allele is associated with increased CCRCC risk. Also, there is link between ANRIL gene rs4977574 polymorphism and BMI in CCRCC patients. The BMI in minor G-allele carriers is higher compared to AA-homozygotes.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПАЦІЄНТІВ ІЗ ХРОНІЧНИМ КАЛЬКУЛЬОЗНИМ ХОЛЕЦИСТИТОМ НА СТАЦІОНАРНОМУ ЕТАПІ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ
Authors: Голод Н. Р. 
Published: July 2020

Резюме. В роботі проведено аналіз лікування ретроспективної групи пацієнтів з хронічним калькульозним холециститом в ранньому післяопераційному періоді. Щорічне зростання даної патології, яке в Україні складає 10 % від населення, змушує шукати нові підходи до лікування. Дослідження проводилося у рамках наукової роботи «Теоретико-методичні основи фізичної терапії хворих після лапароскопічної холецистектомії».
Методи дослідження: Проведено ретроспективний аналіз 50 медичних карт пацієнтів із ХКХ, які знаходилися на стаціонарному лікуванні у хірургічному відділенні Івано-Франківської центральної міської клінічної лікарні протягом 2018 року.
Метою дослідження є характеристика пацієнтів з хронічним калькульозним холециститом на стаціонарному етапі реабілітації з метою пошуку покращення та удосконалення засобів відновлення функцій організму на різних етапах післяопераційного періоду у хворих на ЖКХ після лапароскопічної холецистектомі.
Всім хворим була проведена лапароскопічна холецистектомія.

1. Ретроспективний аналіз результатів хірургічного лікування хворих на хронічний калькульозний холецистит засвідчив, що при відсутності комплексу реабілітації, який не включений в протоколи, кількість ускладнень склала 34 %, а тривалість госпіталізації 3,76±0,28 дні.
Незадовільні наслідки в ранньому післяопераційному періоді обумовлені відсутністю лікаря фізичної реабілітаційної медицини в лікувальному закладі, комплексу реабілітаційних заходів в протоколах, негативним впливом супутньої патології.
Розробка, впровадження та чітке дотримання комплексу реабілітаційних заходів в подальшому сприятимуть скорішому відновленню пацієнта, зменшенню кількості ускладнень та скороченню терміну перебування у стаціонарі.
ШКАЛА ДЛЯ ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ РИЗИКУ ВИНИКНЕННЯ РЕЦИДИВНИХ ВИРАЗКОВИХ КРОВОТЕЧ
Authors: Гринчук Ф. В. , Дутка І. І. 
Published: July 2020

Резюме. Однією з причин значної частоти рецидивів гострих виразкових кровотеч (ГВК) є недостатня прогностична надійність відомих шкал.
Метою роботи було напрацювання шкали для прогнозування ризику виникнення рецидивів ГВК і оцінювання її надійності.
Матеріали та методи. 109 хворих на ГВК, у 29 з яких був рецидив кровотечі. Для прогнозування відібрані такі критерії: клас коморбідної патології, анамнез, температура тіла, застосування гемостатичної терапії до госпіталізації, частота пульсу, пульсовий тиск, клас кровотечі за Forrest, загальна кількість лейкоцитів, загальний білок, креатинін, глутатіон відновлений, фібриназа, співвідношення вмісту дієнових конʼюгатів та кетодієнів і спряжених триєнів, протромбіновий індекс, час рекальцифікації плазми, антитромбін ІІІ, фібриноген В, співвідношення не ферментаційної та ферментаційної фібринолітичної активності плазми, протеолітична активність плазми за азоколагеном, рівень окиснення нейтральних білків плазми, поліморфізм 5G4 і G43A гена PAI-1. Кожному з критеріїв була надана певна кількість пунктів.
Результати. Ми пропонуємо поетапне прогнозування. В попередню шкалу внесені критерії, які визначають протягом первинного огляду хворого і проведення ФЕГДС. В основну шкалу додатково внесені дані лабораторного дослідження. Запропонований базовий варіант основної шкали, який містить рутинні критерії, і розширений, який містить критерії стану фібринолізу, протеолізу, редокс-реакцій, генетичних досліджень. Чутливість шкали для попереднього прогнозування становить 89,66%, а специфічність – 86,8%. Чутливість основної базової шкали становить 92,86%, а специфічність – 92,16%. Чутливість розширеної основної шкали зростає до 100%, а специфічність – до 95,83%.
Висновки. Застосування розробленої прогностичної шкали дозволяє обґрунтовано визначати необхідність застосування запобіжних засобів як протягом первинної ФЕГДС, так і впродовж наступного етапу лікування.
POROGEN EFFECTS ON AEROSOLIZATION PROPERTIES OF FLUCONAZOLE LOADED PLGA LARGE POROUS PARTICLES
Authors: ALIPOUR SHOHREH , SHIROOEE ATENA , AHMADI FATEMEH 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The most common fungal infection, which is usually occurs in immunocompromised patients, is pulmonary cryptococcosis. Fluconazole (FLZ) is a first-generation triazole which is used for the treatment of pulmonary cryptococcal infection during 6-12 mo. A non-invasive and targeted medication delivery to lung is highly desirable due to lower delivered dose and reduced systemic effects. Large Porous Particles (LPPs) have shown lower phagocytic clearance and higher bioavailability compared to non-porous particles of the same size with a remarkable safety profile.
Methods: In the present study, the effect of two different porogen agents with different mechanisms on FLZ loaded PLGA LPPs properties were evaluated using design expert software®. These properties included volume diameter, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, mass median aerodynamic diameter (MAAD), geometric standard deviation (GSD) and fine particle fraction (FPF).
Results: All FLZ-loaded PLGA LPPs (FLZ-PLGA LPPs) showed acceptable volume diameter, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency with rapid FLZ release due to macroporous structure. Significant differences in aerosolization properties in which MAAD, GSD and FPF optimized formulation of the optimized formulation were 6.71±0.4 µm, 1.65±0.08 and 33.20±1.7%, respectively.
Conclusion: It was suggested that gas foamed preparation technique using ammonium bicarbonate was a better technique to produce FLZ loaded PLGA LPPs with more suitable in vitro respirable properties.