bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and mortality of Lung Comorbidities Among Patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Alkhathami Mohammed G , Advani Shailesh M , Abalkhail Adil A , Alkhathami Fahad M , Alshehri Mohammed K , Albeashy Ebtisam , Alsalamah Jihad A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 infections are seen across all age groups but they have shown to have a predisposition for the elderly and those with underlying comorbidities. Patients with severe COVID-19 infections and comorbidities are more prone to respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), mechanical ventilator use and ultimately succumb to these complications. Little evidence exists of the prevalence of underlying lung comorbidities among COVID-19 patients and associated mortality.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of the literature including PubMed (Medline), Embase (Ovid), Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. The last date for our search was 29th April 2020. We included all original research articles on COVID-19 and calculated prevalence of chronic lung disease patients among COVID-19 patients using random effects model. Further we assessed for mortality rates among COVID-19 patients associated with these lung comorbidities.ResultsThe authors identified 29 articles that reported prevalence of chronic lung conditions among COVID-19 patients. Among those, 26 were from China and 3 from the United States. The pooled prevalence of lung comorbidities including Asthma, COPD, and lung cancer was 3% (95% CI=0-14%), 2.2% (95% CI=0.02-0.03%) and 2.1% (95% CI=0.00-0.21%) respectively. Mortality rates associated with these comorbidities was 30% (41/137) for COPD and 19% (7/37) for lung cancer respectively. No mortality rates were reported for patients with asthma.ConclusionThis study offers latest evidence of prevalence of chronic lung conditions among patients with COVID-19. Asthma, followed by COPD and lung cancer, was the most common lung comorbidity associated with COVID-19, while the higher mortality rate was found in COPD. Future studies are needed to assess other lung comorbidities and associated mortality among patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
COVID-19 Public Sentiment Insights and Machine Learning for Tweets Classification
Authors: Samuel Jim , Ali G. G. Md. Nawaz , Rahman Md. Mokhlesur , Esawi Ek , Samuel Yana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlong with the Coronavirus pandemic, another crisis has manifested itself in the form of mass fear and panic phenomena, fueled by incomplete and often inaccurate information. There is therefore a tremendous need to address and better understand COVID-19’s informational crisis and gauge public sentiment, so that appropriate messaging and policy decisions can be implemented. In this research article, we identify public sentiment associated with the pandemic using Coronavirus specific Tweets and R statistical software, along with its sentiment analysis packages. We demonstrate insights into the progress of fear-sentiment over time as COVID-19 approached peak levels in the United States, using descriptive textual analytics supported by necessary textual data visualizations. Furthermore, we provide a methodological overview of two essential machine learning (ML) classification methods, in the context of textual analytics, and compare their effectiveness in classifying Coronavirus Tweets of varying lengths. We observe a strong classification accuracy of 91% for short Tweets, with the Naïve Bayes method. We also observe that the logistic regression classification method provides a reasonable accuracy of 74% with shorter Tweets, and both methods showed relatively weaker performance for longer Tweets. This research provides insights into Coronavirus fear sentiment progression, and outlines associated methods, implications, limitations and opportunities.
Risk Factors for Large Cell Transformation in Patients with Sezary Syndrome
Authors: Jairath Neil K. , Jairath Ruple , Bardhi Redina , Runge John S. , Bledea Ramona , Wang Yang , Hristov Alexandra , Wilcox Ryan A. , Tsoi Lam C. , Patrick Matthew , Tejasvi Trilokraj 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesLarge cell transformation (LCT) of Sezary Syndrome (SS) is associated with an aggressive clinical course. To date, there are no rigorous studies identifying risk factors for the development of this phenomenon. We aim to characterize the clinicopathologic risk factors that may predispose patients with SS to develop LCT in the largest such study to date that the authors have identified.Materials/MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated all SS patient records available in the Michigan Medicine Cancer Registry from 2010–2019. The Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact test were used to compare age, sex, race, time to diagnosis, stage, total body surface area (TBSA) involvement, pathologic features, complete blood counts, flow cytometry data, and T cell receptor rearrangements. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess overall survival (OS). Univariate analyses were conducted for endpoints of LCT and OS and visualized with Forest plots using the “survival” and “forestplot” packages in R.ResultsOf the 28 SS patients included in the analysis, eight patients with LCT were identified, and 20 without nonlarge cell transformation (NLCT). Mean peak LDH before LCT (p = 0.0012), mean maximum TBSA involvement before diagnosis of LCT (p = 0.0114), absolute CD8+ cell count on flow cytometry or on biopsy at diagnosis of SS (p = 0.0455), presence of Langerhans cell hyperplasia (p = 0.0171), and presence of ulceration on biopsy (p = 0.0034) were clinicopathologic variables identified as differing significantly between the two groups. On univariate analysis, increased TBSA involvement (HR 1.043 per unit increase, 95% CI 1.001 – 1.081, p = 0.018) and increased peak LDH prior to LCT diagnosis (HR 1.002 per unit increase, 95% CI 1.001 – 1.003, p = 0.002) were identified as poorly prognostic, while unit increase in CD8+ absolute cell count at diagnosis of SS (HR 0.988, 95% CI 0.976 – 0.999, p = 0.041) was identified as protective for development of LCT. There was no survival difference identified between patients with “High” vs. “Low” CD8+ cell counts, or between LCT and NLCT groups.ConclusionsMaximum TBSA involvement, peak LDH, presence of ulceration, Langerhans cell hyperplasia, and decreased levels of CD8+cells in the peripheral blood may predict the development of LCT in patients with SS.
Effects of Alzheimer’s disease and formalin fixation on the different mineralised-iron forms in the human brain
Authors: van der Weerd Louise , Lefering Anton , Webb Andrew , Egli Ramon , Bossoni Lucia 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIron accumulation in the brain is a phenomenon common to many neurodegenerative diseases, perhaps most notably Alzheimer’s disease (AD).We present here magnetic analyses of post-mortem brain tissue of patients who had severe Alzheimer’s disease, and compare the results with those from healthy controls. Isothermal remanent magnetization experiments were performed to assess the extent to which different magnetic carriers are affected by AD pathology and formalin fixation.While Alzheimer’s brain material did not show higher levels of magnetite/maghemite nanoparticles than corresponding controls, the ferrihydrite mineral, known to be found within the core of ferritin proteins and hemosiderin aggregates, almost doubled in concentration in patients with Alzheimer’s pathology, strengthening the conclusions of our previous studies. As part of this study, we also investigated the effects of sample preparation, by performing experiments on frozen tissue as well as tissue which had been fixed in formalin for a period of five months. Our results showed that the two different preparations did not critically affect the concentration of magnetic carriers in brain tissue, as observable by SQUID magnetometry.
CRW 13 – the new generation radio altimeter: the concept, design, and tests
Authors: Szpakowska-Peas Ewelina 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline a novel concept of radio altimeter CRW-13 that has been designed and developed in the Lukasiewicz Research Network – Institute of Aviation as a result of the need to update the outdated structure of RWL-750M.

Design/methodology/approach
The new design of the device consists of integral antennas and signal processor for smart digital signal filtering.

Findings
As a result of a number of laboratory tests and flight tests of the device installed on MP-02 “Czajka” ultralight aircraft promising results were achieved. They allow to move on to the next stage of implementation and preparation for the device certification.

Practical implications
The CRW-13 meets with great interest of civilian and military potential customers. It is an ideal solution for airplanes, helicopters, unmanned and guided missiles. The universal design enables installation on many different platforms where exact height measurement is needed and crucial.

Originality/value
At the origin of the new concept was the need to replace the separate transmitting and receiving antennas with one unit comprising two planar microstrip antennas placed directly next to each other on a common plate block in the transceiver. This solution eliminates thick antenna cables and coaxial connectors, which are the most unreliable and problematic elements of radio altimeters. The new concept of integral antennas and the use of signal processors for smart digital signal filtration made it possible to take the technology to the next level.
Deconstructing the Belt and Road Initiative in Latin America
Authors: Serrano Moreno Juan Enrique , Telias Diego , Urdinez Francisco 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe objective of this study is to address the diplomatic and economic implications of the participation of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) countries in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).Design/methodology/approachThe study examines official documents related to the BRI and LAC's signing of the Memorandum of Understanding within the framework of the BRI (MoUs) in order to look into what it means to join the BRI. Additionally, it also introduces the findings of articles in Asian Education and Development Studies' current issue published in 2020.FindingsIn LAC, the BRI does not represent a new policy, but rather the updating and rebranding of a pre-existing one. The BRI primarily consists of an official discursive framework which aims to build a coherent narrative for a wide range of different projects and policies geared toward the improvement of connectivity with China through the development of trade and investments. However, most of these projects were implemented prior to the BRI. Pragmatism lies at the core of this framework which neither has a regulated accession process nor any binding effects. As a result, the signing the MoU represents, foremost, a diplomatic mise-en-scène. The study operates under the belief that BRI membership is not dichotomous; rather, it must be observed in terms of the countries' level of participation. In line with this, the implementation of a generalized BRI policy in LAC countries would not be advisable. Moreover, it must be noted that the BRI's reach to Latin America can be rather problematic due to the fact that the latter was not initially a participant.Originality/valueThe study aims to explore the significance of the BRI beyond the official discourse and discuss the involvement of LAC countries in it. Scholars studying the BRI in other regions have noted that there is not enough information on this policy in the context of LAC.
Benchmarking upper midwest dairy farm profitability
Authors: Wolf Christopher A. , Black J. Roy , Stephenson Mark W. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to understand US Upper Midwest dairy farm profitability performance over time and across herd size. Profitability is broken down into asset efficiency and operating profit margin. The primary objective is to determine how much information is required to accurately benchmark farm performance.Design/methodology/approachFinancial ratios to measure profitability (rate of return on assets), profit margin (operating profit margin ratio), and asset efficiency (asset turnover) were collected from Michigan State University and the University of Wisconsin business analysis programs for dairy farms from 2000 through 2016. Financial ratio patterns were examined both across time and herd size. Annual distributions were divided into quartiles and the use of one to five-year averages were used to determine accuracy of quartile rank compared to true long-run farm profitability performance.FindingsFinancial performance across large herds was more uniform than across smaller herds. Small and large herd profitability performance converged in poor years but diverged in good years. Using three or more years performance greatly improved accuracy of benchmarking profitability.Originality/valueThe data utilized are very rich in the sense of the amount of variation across years and herd size. The results have important implications for farm financial management and benchmarking farm financial performance. Farm firms should benchmark multiple years of profitability before making major management changes to alleviate deficiencies.
The integration of the Basque machine tool cluster into GVCs
Authors: Zubiaurre Arantza , Sisti Eduardo , Retegi Jabier 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze how integration into global value chains has impacted the evolution of the Basque machine tool cluster from the 1990s to the present day.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was carried out in three steps. First, a comparative analysis was made of the renewal process of the 1990s and the current situation. Next, a quantitative analysis was undertaken to test whether the cluster has entered a new maturity period, and finally, qualitative data was gathered about the past and present challenges facing the companies in the cluster.

Findings
The empirical evidence of the present study shows that integration into global value chains has led to a hierarchization of the strategic trajectories and performances of the companies in the cluster. Additionally, evidence of a sustained period of new maturity and decline has been observed. The period of maturity and foreseeable challenges of the coming years were mentioned repeatedly during the interviews.

Research limitations/implications
Although the participants in the interviews were relevant individuals with a broad view of the cluster’s situation, their limited number and the lack of representation of companies that closed down during the renewal process, despite the efforts made by the authors, could be considered a limitation.

Practical implications
This paper sheds some light on the renewal/transformation period facing the cluster. Several of the main challenges and two extreme, hypothetical scenarios are discussed. The companies in the cluster will have to establish a position somewhere between those two scenarios.

Social implications
This paper presents two possible cluster transformation scenarios. The authors offer suggestions as to how to go about transforming the cluster with a view to secure a better position for dealing with future challenges.

Originality/value
Using quantitative and qualitative data, the paper reflects on the hierarchization and decline of the Basque machine tool cluster and provides new insight into the transformation and renewal needs of the cluster in a globally competitive environment.
Solution of direct and inverse conduction heat transfer problems using the method of fundamental solutions and differential evolution
Authors: Basílio Adam , Lobato Fran Sérgio , Arouca Fábio de Oliveira 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The study of heat transfer mechanisms is an area of great interest because of various applications that can be developed. Mathematically, these phenomena are usually represented by partial differential equations associated with initial and boundary conditions. In general, the resolution of these problems requires using numerical techniques through discretization of boundary and internal points of the domain considered, implying a high computational cost. As an alternative to reducing computational costs, various approaches based on meshless (or meshfree) methods have been evaluated in the literature. In this contribution, the purpose of this paper is to formulate and solve direct and inverse problems applied to Laplace’s equation (steady state and bi-dimensional) considering different geometries and regularization techniques. For this purpose, the method of fundamental solutions is associated to Tikhonov regularization or the singular value decomposition method for solving the direct problem and the differential Evolution algorithm is considered as an optimization tool for solving the inverse problem. From the obtained results, it was observed that using a regularization technique is very important for obtaining a reliable solution. Concerning the inverse problem, it was concluded that the results obtained by the proposed methodology were considered satisfactory, as even with different levels of noise, good estimates for design variables in proposed inverse problems were obtained.

Design/methodology/approach
In this contribution, the method of fundamental solution is used to solve inverse problems considering the Laplace equation.

Findings
In general, the proposed methodology was able to solve inverse problems considering different geometries.

Originality/value
The association between the differential evolution algorithm and the method of fundamental solutions is the major contribution.
Authentic and transformational leadership and innovative work behaviour: the moderating role of psychological empowerment
Authors: Grošelj Matej , Černe Matej , Penger Sandra , Grah Barbara 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the moderating role of psychological empowerment on the relationships between authentic leadership and innovative work behaviour, as well as transformational leadership and innovative work behaviour.Design/methodology/approachWe have applied the mixed-method research on the selected case study. The quantitative field study was conducted on a sample of 126 employees in a multinational technological company. A series of paired samplet-tests were followed by a hierarchical regression analysis to test the hypotheses. The qualitative study consists of a content analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews with four leaders.FindingsThe research provides further confirmation of the positive relationship between leadership and innovative work behaviour. Specifically, the results showed that psychological empowerment moderates the relationship between leadership (authentic as well as transformational leadership) and innovative work behaviour.Originality/valueThis paper contributed to leadership and innovation literature and provided insights in studying the boundary conditions on the relationship between authentic leadership, as well as transformational leadership, in stimulating innovative work behaviour through the moderating role of psychological empowerment. The added value is expanded by introducing the comparison of the two leadership theories.
Creativity and knowledge creation: the moderated mediating effect of perceived organizational support on psychological ownership
Authors: Yoon Sun Kyung , Kim Jae Hyun , Park Jung Eun , Kim Chan Ju , Song Ji Hoon 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the influences of creativity, psychological ownership (PO) and perceived organizational support (POS) on knowledge creation, using the integrative systems model of creativity.Design/methodology/approachA survey was used to collect data from 188 workers in Korean public service organizations. Analyses, including bootstrapping and hierarchical regression analysis, were performed to determine the mediating effect of PO and also the moderating and the moderated mediating effects of POS.FindingsThe results showed that PO mediates partially between creativity and knowledge creation and that POS moderates the relationship between PO and knowledge creation. Notably, the moderated mediating effect of POS was only significant when employees had a high level of POS.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that creativity dissemination requires employees’ social consciousness, collaborative interactions and organizational support. The results imply that human resource development (HRD) practitioners need to cultivate the creativity capacity in the organization.Originality/valueThis study discusses the effects of PO and POS on creative performance, which HRD professionals and organizational leaders draw attention to for organizational development. Implications for organizational composition and interventions to enhance creative performance are provided.
Criminology placements: work-based learning and organisational “buy in”
Authors: Bramford Kate , Eason Anne L. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis study aims to explore the views of criminal justice and allied sector organisations and agencies, of why they provide placements for the Applied Criminology programme at the University of Worcester, UK.Design/methodology/approachThe study took a qualitative approach to tease out the underlying contributory factors that featured in the decision to offer placements. It used semi-structured interviews of key personnel, and thematic analysis was subsequently undertaken on the data collected.FindingsSeveral themes emerged, in particular reciprocal learning, dynamism, employability and social investment. These appeared to be the most impactful on the organisation in relation to the future recruitment of staff as well as the enhancement of current staff practice.Research limitations/implicationsBased upon the scale of the research, the findings may have limited transferability.Practical implicationsThere is a hidden benefit to organisations, which could be capitalised upon as a reciprocal learning process, which enhances practice and therefore outcomes.Social implicationsStereotypes are challenged, resulting in students overcoming preconceived ideas about particular service user groups.Originality/valueWhilst research into work-based learning and the benefits of placements for students is not new, research enquiring as to why organisations are prepared to offer placements remains in its infancy.
Initializing phase of lesson study: communication a special didactic tool in mathematics
Authors: Sjunnesson Helena 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis study examined participating teachers' expressions about teaching and learning when implementing lesson study (LS) about communication as a special didactic tool in mathematics; it also investigated their experience with LS. The initializing phase was characterized by letting the teachers become familiar with LS as a model for their professional development (PD). It also provided an opportunity for the participants to acquire common understanding of their starting point.Design/methodology/approachAn adapted version of LS was used as a model for teachers' PD. The methods for data collection were a semi-structured interview and discussions with the teachers. From a teaching team in school year 1, two class teachers participated. The data obtained were qualitative and subjected to a thematic analysis. The teachers participated together in the different discussions during the study. All the discussions were audio-recorded.FindingsDuring the discussions, the teachers raised some critical points: how to gain students' attention during lesson reviews; how to make follow-ups of the students' understanding of lesson content; how to plan and factors that could have been changed in education that could assist in all students' progress.Originality/valueBoth the initializing phase and the concept of special didactics have not received full attention in research. This study highlights the importance of capturing the teachers' attained competence toward understanding what is needed for future competence concerning communication as a special didactic tool in mathematics.