bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The complex relationship between effort and heart rate: a hint from dynamical analysis
Authors: Mongin D. , Chabert C. , Uribe-Caparros A. , Vico Guzmán J. F. , Hue O. , Alvero-Cruz J. R. , Courvoisier D. S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHeart rate during effort test has been previously successfully adjusted with a simple first order differential equation with constant coefficients driven by the body power expenditure. Although producing proper estimation and yielding pertinent indices to analyze such measurement, this approach suffers from its inability to model the saturation of the heart rate increase at high power expenditure and the change of heart rate equilibrium after effort. The objective of the present study is to improve this model by considering that the amplitude of the heart rate response to effort (gain) depends on the power expenditure value. Therefore, heart rate and oxygen consumption of 30 amateur athletes were measured while they performed a maximum graded treadmill effort test. The proposed model was able to predict 99% of the measured heart rate variance during exercise. The gains estimated at the different power expenditures were constant but noisy before the first ventilatory threshold, stable and decreasing slightly with power increase between the two ventilatory thresholds, before decreasing in a more pronounced manner after the second ventilatory threshold. The slope of the decrease of heart rate gain with power expenditure was correlated with the deflection angle of the heart rate performance curve and with the maximum oxygen consumption. These results reflect the changes of metabolic energy systems at play during the effort test and are consistent with the analysis of the heart rate performance curve given by the Conconi method, thus validating our new approach to analyze heart rate during effort test.
Cockayne syndrome proteins CSA and CSB maintain mitochondrial homeostasis through NAD+signaling
Authors: Okur Mustafa N. , Fang Evandro F. , Fivenson Elayne M. , Tiwari Vinod , Croteau Deborah L. , Bohr Vilhelm A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare premature aging disease, most commonly caused by mutations of the genes encoding the CSA or CSB proteins. CS patients display cachectic dwarfism and severe neurological manifestations and have an average life expectancy of 12 years. The CS proteins are involved in transcription and DNA repair, with the latter including transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER). However, there is also evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in CS, which likely contributes to the severe premature aging phenotype of this disease. While damaged mitochondria and impaired mitophagy were characterized in mice with CSB deficiency, such changes in the CS nematodes and CS patients are not fully known.ResultsOur cross-species transcriptomic analysis in CS postmortem brain tissue, CS mouse and nematode models show that mitochondrial dysfunction is indeed a common feature in CS. Restoration of mitochondrial dysfunction through NAD+supplementation significantly improved lifespan and healthspan in the CS nematodes, highlighting mitochondrial dysfunction as a major driver of the aging features of CS. In cerebellar samples from CS patients, we found molecular signatures of dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics and impaired mitophagy/autophagy. In primary cells depleted for CSA or CSB, this dysfunction can be corrected with NAD+supplementation.ConclusionsOur study provides support for the interconnection between major causative aging theories, DNA damage accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and compromised mitophagy/autophagy. Together these three agents contribute to an accelerated aging program that can be averted by NAD+supplementation.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China, and globalization
Authors: Berlie Jean A. 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThis article looks at the differences and similarities between globalization and the role of China on globalization, in particular for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China (HKSAR).Design/methodology/approachThis article is based on research, reading, and interviews on globalization.FindingsChina is promoting the new globalization of the century called Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) which is a unique way to boost again the economy of China.Originality/valueStudies of the New Maritime and Land Silk Road of China are rare; in particular, the role of the HKSAR is ignored. Macau also plays a role because it was the first point of globalization in the seventeenth century. China is really a global country, and the Chinese are numerous in all continents. Chinese Internet role is also mentioned. Globalization is a key concept not only for China and Asia but also for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), Africa, and countries in Latin America such as Bolivia and Venezuela. This article looks at the differences and similarities between globalization and the role of China on globalization. The HKSAR and the Greater Bay Area are part of the same country. China is developing the new globalization of the century called, in 2017, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The current definition of Chinese globalization includes land and maritime Silk Road, now the BRI.
The importance of context in understanding football fans’ reactions to corporate stadia naming rights sponsorships
Authors: Gillooly Leah , Medway Dominic , Warnaby Gary , Grimes Tony 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore fans’ reactions to corporate naming rights sponsorship of football club stadia and identify a range of contextual factors impacting these reactions.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative, quasi-ethnographic research design is adopted, focusing on three football clubs in North West England. Data are gathered through online message board discussions, focus groups and auto-ethnographic approaches.

Findings
Geographic, image and functional dimensions of sponsorship fit are noted as contextual factors in determining fans’ reactions to corporate stadium names. It is also proposed that some forms of fit (in particular geographic fit) are more important than others in this regard. Beyond issues of fit, three additional contextual factors are identified that potentially influence fans’ reactions to corporate stadium names: prior involvement with the club by the sponsor; fans’ perceived impact of the sponsorship investment; and whether the stadium is new or long-established.

Research limitations/implications
Future research might examine the relative importance and implications of the identified contextual factors, alongside seeking other potential areas of contextual framing.

Practical implications
Sponsorship naming rights negotiations need to be sensitive to a variety of contextual factors. Furthermore, sponsors would do well to have a good awareness of their own brand image and its congruency with the identity of the club and fan base.

Originality/value
This nuanced, qualitative analysis extends existing, quantitative-based research by identifying a range of contextual factors which shape fans’ reactions to corporate stadium naming.
Investigation of performance of small wind turbine blades with winglets
Authors: Kulak Michal , Lipian Michal , Zawadzki Karol 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the results of the performance study of wind turbine blades equipped with winglets. An investigation focusses on small wind turbines (SWTs), where the winglets are recalled as one of the most promising concepts in terms of turbine efficiency increase.

Design/methodology/approach
To investigate a contribution of winglets to SWT aerodynamic efficiency, a wind tunnel experiment was performed at Lodz University of Technology. In parallel, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations campaign was conducted with the ANSYS CFX software to investigate appearing flow structures in greater detail.

Findings
The research indicates the potential behind the application of winglets in low Reynolds flow conditions, while the CFD study enables the identification of crucial regions influencing the flow structure in the most significant degree.

Research limitations/implications
As the global effect on a whole rotor is a result of a small-scale geometrical feature, it is important to localise unveiled phenomena and the mechanisms behind their generation.

Practical implications
Even the slightest efficiency improvement in a distributed generation installation can promote such a solution amongst energy prosumers and increase their independence from limited natural resources.

Originality/value
The winglet-equipped blades of SWTs provide an opportunity to increase the device performance with relatively low cost and ease of implementation.
Tourism in conflict zones: animosity and risk perceptions
Authors: Alvarez Maria , Campo Sara , Fuchs Galia 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
This study aims to explore the topic of perceived terrorism risk and animosity as interrelated within the context of countries suffering from armed struggles and terror. The research investigates how these constructs influence the visitation decisions of millennials.

Design/methodology/approach
The investigation focuses on three countries in the Mediterranean basin with varied degrees of risk but who include a conflict area, for comparison purposes. The data was collected through an online questionnaire aimed at young millennial students.

Findings
The study confirms that animosity, for the millennial generation, is derived from conflicts and past historical events, or from political and social issues in the target country. In addition, the results show that animosity not only influences the perceived attractiveness of the destination, and through it the intention to visit the place, but also increases the perceptions of terror risk at the destination.

Research limitations/implications
The research corroborates the importance of investigating animosity and perceived risk together. It also empirically verifies the influence of animosity on visitation intentions via the mediating role of perceived attractiveness of the destination and perceived risk of terror.

Originality/value
The study investigates animosity in countries that suffer from armed political conflicts resulting in terror attacks, a context different from that of other already existing studies. The research also examines how animosity and perceived risk interact with each other to influence visitation decisions, a topic which is lacking in the literature.
Development, present status and performance analysis of agriculture insurance schemes in India
Authors: Singh Pankaj , Agrawal Gaurav 
Published: March 2020

PurposeAgriculture insurance is the panacea for the farming community. Many policy interventions were implemented for stimulating agriculture insurance access to farmers in India. However, access to agriculture insurance constantly remained one of the major challenges to Indian policy planners. The goal of the present paper is to explore current policy interventions in the area of agriculture insurance in India.Design/methodology/approachThe present paper reviews and analyzes the evidence literature through a content analysis method on development and performance analysis perspective of existing agriculture insurance schemes in India.FindingsAgriculture insurance is a significant risk management policy, but this is not easily reachable to the majority of farmers in India. The government of India introduces a novel agriculture scheme every decade, but every crop insurance scheme was inconsistent and ineffective owing to operational defects. Agriculture insurance in India is still developing in terms of coverage, scope, and exposure, but farmers' dissatisfaction about agriculture insurance turned out to be a negative word of mouth. Insurance illiteracy and farmers' preference for agriculture relief payments are the main reasons for limited access to agriculture insurance. The current crop insurance schemes are improperly operated because of implementation issues at the state level.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper will be useful for researchers and academicians to analyze the past and present status of crop insurance in India.Originality/valueThe paper is the unique work of the authors as it has attempted to present India's journey with agriculture insurance. An effort is made in the present study to provide a comprehensive and holistic developmental and performance analysis perspective of agriculture insurance in India.
Examining a multi-dimensional undeclared work via the REBUS-PLS
Authors: Quintano Claudio , Mazzocchi Paolo 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThis article intends to investigate on the undeclared work (UW) by involving several features, which can be evaluated throughout a set of appropriate variables. The REBUS-PLS (Response Based procedure for detecting Unit Segments–Partial Least Squares) has been proposed in order to support policy decisions targeted to this heterogeneous scenario. The authors refer to Italy, due to the disparity of its territorial districts, but the conclusions can be extended to different European countries.Design/methodology/approachA total of 2,877,000 firms has been involved for empirical analysis. The manifest variables have been obtained by fixing both NACE codes and the NUTS2 level.FindingsThe analysis confirms that the model is suitable to evaluate the effects of the indicators connected to ‘Labour force’, ‘Tax system’, ‘Non-Profit Organizations’, and ‘Migrants’. Special prominence has been dedicated to the labour inspections' features.Research limitations/implicationsIf the management designs the policy actions by using the model proposed, a critical evaluation of the implications is needed, by focusing different perspectives and several weaknesses.Practical implicationsAssuming that the Italian regions are relatively homogeneous, results reveal no significant correlations to the UW, except for the taxes. In contrast, the involvement of the heterogeneity shows that the UW significantly depends on the changes of Labour force, Tax system and NPOs dimensions, in 11 out of 18 Italian regions. No clear evidence emerges from Migrants feature, which seems to have a negatively impact on the UW.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, compared to the previous research papers, the analysis of the UW via REBUS-PLS and the mentioned manifest variables, has never been undertaken so far.
Analyst says a lot, but should you listen? Evidence from Russia
Authors: Vukovic Darko , Ugolnikov Vladislav , Maiti Moinak 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine whether the publication of analyst recommendations has reaction in the Russian stock market. This study also aims to determine the other factors that influence the reaction.Design/methodology/approachEvent study analysis (ESA) and regression models are used in this study.FindingsThe study finds that Russian stock market significantly reacts to analyst recommendations publications. Then study deeply investigates about the influence of other factors on the Russian market when an analyst's recommendations are published such as changes in recommendation levels, companies' size and general economic situation. The analysis done in the context of three types of recommendations: “buy,” “hold” and “sell.” The study finds that the market reacts not only to separate forecasts and subsequent recommendations, but also to the changes in recommendations' levels as well. Interestingly, the study finds that the impact of crises is not found to be a significant factor in the context of the Russian market.Research limitations/implicationsAnalysts used to spend much more resources on conducting a fundamental analysis than ordinary investors do. Therefore, they usually possess valuable privileged information that is supposed to influence stock prices when published. However, the present study argues that the direction, extent and period of a reaction of an analyst's recommendations are highly complicated and depend on what factors are under consideration in a particular research. Very often, the authors who dedicate their papers to develop and study markets choose a couple of (or even one) factors and delve into them. Nevertheless, to the author's best knowledge, few frequently cited and well-conducted research focused on such an emerging market as the Russian one. Thus, it seems reasonable that there is a gap in the literature that needs to be filled while considering other important factors. The study findings have a significant investment policy content.Originality/valueIn several senses, the present study is unique. First, it investigates whether analyst recommendations sufficiently affect the Russian stock market; second, it determines whether the significant factors such as changes in recommendation levels, companies' size and general economic situation have influence on the reaction. Finally, the study discusses about whether there is an impact of crises in the present study findings.
The light in their eyes: creating a multicultural education course for doctoral-level students
Authors: Halpern Clarisse , Aydin Hasan 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the perceptions of graduate students about the need for a multicultural education course at doctoral level in a mid-sized higher education public institution in Southwest Florida.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative case study method was applied with multiple sources of data collected, including semi-structured interviews, observations and students’ written papers, online discussions and assignments that aimed to prepare educators to teach culturally diverse students and challenge their own perceptions about culture, race and other multicultural education-related topics.FindingsThe findings indicate that, even though the multicultural education course promoted an eye-opening transformational experience for students through their interactions and learning from each other, the students still need further training in multicultural education because of their limited culturally responsive teaching skills.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of the study are that both the researchers were deeply involved with the material and the class, as the class professor and one of the students, which might have affected the authors’ perception about the students’ journey in learning about multicultural education. The researchers’ dual-role (as researchers and course professor and graduate assistant) might have influenced the participants’ responses, as they knew they were part of a research project. Thus, the participants’ spontaneity in sharing their opinions and beliefs about multicultural education may have been hampered, perhaps responding what the researchers expected rather than with their authentic perspectives on the topics.Practical implicationsThe implications of this study to teachers, educators and practitioners are that it invites the readers to reflect on their academic preparedness to work with culturally diverse students. For policymakers, the study indicates the need for creating standards that aim to examine in-service graduate student teachers about their self-efficacy, readiness and dispositions to work with culturally diverse students.Originality/valueBecause of the limited publications on doctoral students learning multicultural education, the authors’ study offers an important insight into the transformational experience of doctoral students learning multicultural education and the implications for improving graduate courses in multicultural education.
A theory of branched situational judgment tests and their applicant reactions
Authors: Reddock Craig M. , Auer Elena M. , Landers Richard N. 
Published: March 2020

PurposeBranched situational judgment tests (BSJTs) are an increasingly common employee selection method, yet there is no theory and very little empirical work explaining the designs and impacts of branching. To encourage additional research on BSJTs, and to provide practitioners with a common language to describe their current and future practices, we sought to develop a theory of BSTJs.Design/methodology/approachGiven the absence of theory on branching, we utilized a ground theory qualitative research design, conducting interviews with 25 BSJT practitioner subject matter experts.FindingsOur final theory consists of three components: (1) a taxonomy of BSJT branching features (contingency, parallelism, convergence, and looping) and options within those features (which vary), (2) a causal theoretical model describing impacts of branching in general on applicant reactions via proximal effects on face validity, and (3) a causal theoretical model describing impacts on applicant reactions among branching designs via proximal effects on consistency of administration and opportunity to perform.Originality/valueOur work provides the first theoretical foundation on which future confirmatory research in the BSJT domain can be built. It also gives both researchers and practitioners a common language for describing branching features and their options. Finally, it reveals BSJTs as the results of a complex set of interrelated design features, discouraging the oversimplified contrasting of “branching” vs “not branching.”
Micropigmentation for vitiligo on light to moderately colored skin: Updated evidence from a clinical and animal study
Authors: Ju Hyun Jeong , Eun Sung Hye , Lee Han Na , Lee Ji Hae , Kim Gyong Moon , Bae Jung Min 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMicropigmentation, also termed medical tattooing, can be a useful alternative treatment for patients with vitiligo who are resistant to conventional treatments. To assess the benefits and risks of micropigmentation in the treatment of refractory vitiligo, 25 lesions of 14 patients with vitiligo (Fitzpatrick skin types III and IV) were subjected to micropigmentation using an electric tattooing machine between December 2018 and March 2019. The procedure was repeated until satisfactory results were obtained. Treatment response was assessed by color matching of the treated lesion and surrounding skin using a 4‐point scale (poor, fair, good and excellent). Excellent color matching was achieved in 80% (20/25) of cases after a median of three (range, 1–5) treatment sessions. Procedure‐associated pain was considerable, but no anesthetic injection was needed. Immediate erythema and swelling were noticed after each procedure, but resolved within a few days. Overall, the treatment was tolerable. This study was limited by a small sample, no control group and a short follow‐up period. This study revealed that micropigmentation was beneficial for patients with refractory vitiligo who had light to moderately colored skin. Pigment selection, implantation depth and selection of body parts amenable to treatment were critical.