bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Maternal Obesity Associated With Fetal Congenital Lung Malformations?
Authors: Stocker Linden , Wellseley Diana , Parasuraman Rajeswari , Stanton Michael , Howe David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPrevious data demonstrated an increased incidence in congenital lung malformations (CLM) and hypothesised a link with maternal obesity.MethodA retrospective case-control study (1994-2017) including all cases of CLM and matched controls (N=114 pregnancies). For each diagnosis of a baby diagnosed antenatally with CLM, two controls were selected. Primary outcome measure was mean Body Mass Index of women of affected pregnancies.ResultsThe women in affected pregnancies had a greater BMI (26.7 ±5.2kg/m2 (n=38)) than the control women (24.6±4.7 kg/m2 (n=76)) (p=0.03). 60.5% (n=46) of women in the control group and 39.5% (n=15) women in the CLM group had a normal BMI (<25kg/m2). Women with a BMI > 25kg/m2 had a 1.53 relative risk (RR) of having an affected baby (p=0.02, 95% CI 1.05-2.24). ConclusionObesity is not associated with increased rates of CLM. There is a small clinical difference in the BMI of women affected by CLM.
Sorting nexin 3 induces myocardial injury via promoting retromer-dependent nuclear trafficking of STAT3
Authors: Lu Jing , Xu Suowen , Huo Yuqing , Hu Yuehuai , Wang Juanjian , Zhang Xiaolei , Sun Duanping , Wang Panxia , Li Zhuo-Ming , Liang Mengya , Wu Zhongkai , Liu Peiqing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sorting nexins (SNXs), the retromer-associated cargo binding proteins, have emerged as critical regulators of the trafficking of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. However, studies of SNXs in the development of cardiovascular diseases, especially pathological cardiac hypertrophy, are lacking. Here, we asked whether SNX3, the simplest structured isoform in the SNXs family, may act as a key inducer of myocardial injury. We reported that increased level of SNX3 was observed in failing hearts from human patients and mice. Cardiac-specific Snx3 knockout (Snx3-cKO) in mice significantly protected against isoproterenol (ISO) -induced cardiac injury at 12 weeks. Conversely, cardiac-specific Snx3 transgenic (Snx3-cTg) mice were more susceptible to ISO-induced cardiac injury at 12 weeks, and showed aggravated cardiac injury even heart failure at 24 weeks. Immunoprecipitation-based mass spectrometry (IP-MS), immunofluorescent staining, co-immunoprecipitation and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) were performed to examine the direct interaction of SNX3-retromer with STAT3. STAT3 was discovered as a new interacting partner of SNX3-retromer, and SNX3-retromer served as an essential platform for assembling gp130/JAK2/STAT3 complexes and subsequent phosphorylation of STAT3 by direct combination at early endosomes. SNX3-retromer and STAT3 complexes were transiently imported into the nucleus after hypertrophic stimuli. Moreover, SNX3-retromer promoted importin α3-mediated STAT3 nuclear trafficking and ultimately leading to cardiac injury. Also, pharmacological inhibition of STAT3 reversed SNX3 overexpression-induced myocardial injury in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our study reveals that SNX3 plays a key role in cardiac function and implicates SNX3 as a potential therapeutic target for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
No-touch Harvesting in Off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting With Sequential Saphenous Vein Graft: A Single-center Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hou Xuejian , Zhang Kui , Liu Taoshuai , Li Yang , Zhao Yang , Song Bangrong , Huang Zhuhui , Xu Shijun , Winata William Adiwignya , Zheng Jubing , Dong Ran 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) materials comprise the combination of the left internal mammary artery and saphenous vein. The patency rate of vein grafts is considered not ideal; more studies support that the no-touch (NT) procedure can improve the patency rate of vein grafts. However, it is not clear that the NT technology is used in the sequential saphenous vein grafting during off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. This study explored whether the NT technique is safety and efficacy compared to the conventional manner in the off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery using sequential vein graft.Methods: This was a prospective single-center randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 200 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in the sequential saphenous graft were randomly assigned to two groups: The no-touch(NT) and the conventional (CON) groups. Perioperative and postoperative data were collected prospectively during the hospital stay. The occlusion of sequential grafts was measured by cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) 3-months post CABG. Leg wound complications were followed up. The mean diameter of sequential grafts for the first 100 patients was measured using CCTA, 3-months after the operation.Results: The primary endpoint was that there was no difference in occlusion of sequential venous grafts between the two groups (NT: 9/180 (4.4%), CON: 5/194 (1.5%), p=0.22). Similarly, there were no differences in composite clinical events (NT: 2/91 (2.2%), CON: 1/96 (1.0%), p=0.96). There was no difference in the leg wound complications between the two groups (NT: 8/91 (8.8%), CON: 4/96 (4.2%), p=0.20). However, there was a significant difference in the average diameter of sequential grafts between the two groups (NT: (2.98±0.42), CON: (3.26±0.51), p=0.005).Conclusions: The early clinical results suggest that the NT technique is safety and efficacy compared to the conventional technique in sequential grafting in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery. The sequential grafts early expansion in the NT technique is not as pronounced as the conventional technique, which may have a long-term protective effect on the grafts.Trial Registration: Registered 1 November 2018, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03729531, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
Comparison Between IGS and Three ITRS Realizations
Authors: Liu Jiao , Chen Junping , Liu Peizhao , Tan Weijie , Dong Danan , Qu Weijing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Four space geodetic techniques (IGS, SLR, VLBI and DORIS) contribute to the realizations of International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS). The GNSS-derived terrestrial reference frame generated from the second reprocessing campaign (repro2), named IG2, act as the IGS input to the most recently three realizations (ITRF2014, DTRF2014 and JTRF2014). Its origin and orientation are aligned to the IGb08, and its scale is defined by using the igs08.atx satellite antenna phase center offset (PCO) values. To study the consistencies and discrepancies between IGS solutions and the three ITRS realizations, we corrected the IG2 solutions to be uniform with the IGS14 frame and perform Helmert transformation to compare the IGS frame and the three ITRS realizations. Results indicate that IGS frame is more stable than the two secular frames especially in the periods after 2015. The similarity transformation parameters between the corrected IGS solutions and ITRF2014 show excellent agreement with a notable mean z-offset of around 1 mm. The transformation parameters between the corrected IGS solutions and DTRF2014 show linear discrepancies in the three categories parameters, where the origin offsets are around less than 5.5 mm, rotational alignment is consistent at the level of 4.5 uas/yr (about 0.15 mm/yr) and the scale exhibits a stable offset of 0.16 ppb. Unlike the two secular frames, distinct seasonal signals and interannual variations of translation time series can be observed from the comparison between JTRF2014 and the IGS solutions. The orientation of JTRF2014 is in worst agreement with the IGS solutions, which is related to biased no-net-rotation (NNR) condition due to weekly center of network (CN) variations. Moreover, the scale defined by JTRF2014 suffer from large instability variations over time.
The Prevalence of Iron Deficiency and Anemia and Their Impact on Survival in Patients at a Cardio-Oncology Clinic
Authors: Ciburiene Egle , Celutkiene J. , Aidietiene S. , Scerbickaite G. , Lyon Alexander R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. Iron deficiency (ID) and anemia are common in both heart failure (HF) and cancer patients and are associated with poor quality of life and survival. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the prevalence, types, and confounding factors of ID and anemia in patients referred to cardio-oncology clinic, and (2) identify the association between iron metabolism parameters and survival of cardio-oncology patients.Methods. We assessed iron, ferritin, hemoglobin concentrations, transferrin saturation (TSAT), cancer type, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), kidney function, cardiovascular risk factors and survival in 599 patients who were referred to cardio-oncology clinic from 2011 to 2017.ID was defined by a TSAT < 20%, absolute iron deficiency (AID) with a serum ferritin level <100 μg/L while serum ferritin level of ≥100 µg/L was considered as functional iron deficiency (FID) and TSAT ≥20% was considered as no ID.Results. The prevalence of ID, AID, and FID was 46%, 31%, and 15% of study patients, respectively. Anemia was present in approximately half (54%) of the patients with any ID.Multivariate Cox analyses showed that male gender (HR 1.704 [1.207–2.404] p=0.002); previous cancer history (HR 1.879 [1.079–3.272] p=0.026); elevated BNP (HR 2.126 [1.258–3.590] p=0.005); TSAT<20% (HR 1.721 [1.214–2.439] p=0.002); ferritin c100 µg/L (HR 2.008 [1.088–3.706] p=0.026); serum iron concentration <12 µmol/L (HR 2.292 [1.614–3.255] p<0.001); FID (HR 2.538 [1.1618–3.981] p<0.001) and anemia (HR 2.462 [1.734–3.495] p<0.001) were significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause death.Conclusions. About half of cardio-oncology patients had anemia and iron deficiency, with the absolute type being twice as prevalent as the functional one. Patients with breast, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary cancer were affected more often. Both anemia and iron deficiency independently predicted all-cause mortality. Future studies are required to confirm ID as a risk factor and evaluate the clinical benefits of iron replacement therapy.
Combination of Pre-Exposure and Postexposure Prophylaxes Used for an Occupational Exposure to HIV: A Case Report
Authors: Zhao Rugang , Ding Rui , Zhang Qiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), the usage of antiretroviral medications in HIV-uninfected individuals to prevent acquisition of HIV, has been identified to be sufficient and safe for HIV prevention. Case presentation: A surgeon was prescribed Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) as pre-exposure prophylaxis before he performed a surgery for HIV positive patient. After occupational exposure, he was prescribed TDF/FTC and Raltegravir as postexposure prophylaxis. Serology confirmed no HIV infection at follow-ups. Conclusion: This brief report presents a case who received PrEP and PEP in an occupational exposure to indicate the feasibility of the use of PrEP in occupational exposure.
Mitochondrial Genome Regulator TFAM Modulates Head and Neck Tumorigenesis Through Activation of Intracellular Metabolic Reprogramming and Oncogenic Effectors
Authors: Hsieh Yi-Ta , Tu Hsi-Feng , Yang Muh-Hwa , Chen Yi-Fen , Huang Chien-Ling , Chen Hsin-Ming , Li Wan-Chun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial defect is often observed in cancers while, in comparison with other metabolic cues, mitochondria mediated regulations in controlling tumorigenesis are less emphasized. Mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) acts as a key regulatory factor to control mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replication and packing; the role of TFAM in modulating carcinogenesis, however, is controversial. Current study therefore aims to define TFAM mediated regulations in head and neck cancer (HNC) development. Methods: Multifaceted analyses in HNC cells genetically manipulated for TFAM were performed. Clinical correlations of TFAM and its downstream Electron Transport Chain (ETC) associated factors in regulating HNC progression were also examined in HNC specimens and different clinical databasesResults: At the cellular level, it was demonstrated that shRNA mediated TFAM silencing resulted in an enhanced cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo; in contrast, TFAM overexpression suppressed cell growth. Moreover, TFAM loss also facilitated cell migration and chemodrug resistance. At the molecular basis, TFAM mediated phenotypic changes could be resulting from metabolic reprogramming by directing HNC metabolism towards aerobic glycolysis, based on the detection of less respiratory capacity in accompany with greater extracellular acidification in response to TFAM loss. Interestingly, it was also found that TFAM loss upregulated ERK1/2 and Akt-mTORC-S6 signaling activity, revealing a potential "mitochondrion-to-cytoplasm" retrograde regulatory cue in controlling HNC malignancy. Clinical impact of TFAM and its downstream targets was further examined in clinical HNC tissues while the results showed that TFAM expression and mtDNA copy numbers were significant dropped in HNC tissues compared with their normal counterparts. By using clinical databases, HNC subjects with higher TFAM expression and less genetic alteration(s) exhibited better survival rates. Conclusion: Collectively, Current study uncovered a tumor suppressing role of TFAM and mitochondrial genome in determining HNC oncogenicity. This TFAM mediated regualtions are through intracellular metabolic reprogramming and mitochondria-to-cytoplasm cross-talk to activate oncogenic signals.
Machine Learning-assisted Identification of Bioindicators Predicts Medium-chain Carboxylate Production Performance of an Anaerobic Mixed Culture
Authors: Liu Bin , Sträuber Heike , Saraiva Joao , Harms Hauke , Silva Sandra Godinho , Kleinsteuber Sabine , Rocha Ulisses 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The ability to quantitatively predict ecophysiological functions of microbial communities provides an important step to engineer microbiota for desired functions related to specific biochemical conversions. Here, we present the quantitative prediction of medium-chain carboxylate production in two continuous anaerobic bioreactors from 16S rRNA gene dynamics in enrichment cultures. Results: By progressively shortening the hydraulic retention time from 8 days to 2 days with different temporal schemes in both bioreactors operated for 211 days, we achieved higher productivities and yields of the target products n-caproate and n-caprylate. The datasets generated from each bioreactor were applied independently for training and testing in machine learning. A predictive model was generated by employing the random forest algorithm using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data. More than 90% accuracy in the prediction of n-caproate and n-caprylate productivities was achieved. Four inferred bioindicators belonging to the genera Olsenella, Lactobacillus, Syntrophococcus and Clostridium IV suggest their relevance to the higher carboxylate productivity at shorter hydraulic retention time. The recovery of metagenome-assembled genomes of these bioindicators confirmed their genetic potential to perform key steps of medium-chain carboxylate production.Conclusions: Shortening the hydraulic retention time of the continuous bioreactor systems allows to shape the communities with desired chain elongation functions. Using machine-learning, we demonstrated that 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data can be used to predict bioreactor process performance quantitatively and accurately. Characterising and harnessing bioindicators holds promise to manage reactor microbiota towards selection of the target processes. Our mathematical framework is transferrable to other ecosystem processes and 3 microbial systems where community dynamics is linked to key functions. The general methodology can be adapted to data types of other functional categories such as genes, transcripts, proteins or metabolites.
Genetic Structure in 21 Remnant Phoebe Sheareri Populations in Southern China: Implications for Genetic Resource Conservation
Authors: Wang Yang , Lu Yunfeng , Xu Wenting , Han Xiao , Yang An’na , Lou Luhuan , Tong Zaikang , Zhang Junhong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Phoebe sheareri (Lauraceae) is a valuable and endemic tree species in China, with limited large natural communities remnant. Genetic diversity and differentiation analysis are essential to manage their conservation and utilization. To provide a conservation and utilization strategy of P. sheareri based on sound genetic diversity and differentiation data.Results: We found medium level of genetic diversity and low inbreeding. Nei's gene diversity and Shannon’s information index value showed medium genetic diversity in nature populations of P. sheareri, which was higher than other two Phoebe species. AMOVA showed the genetic differentiation among populations was significantly, and 21.2% of genetic variation was among populations. Bayesian clustering, obtained with STRUCTURE, grouped the populations into four genetic clusters, whereas UPGMA analysis distinguished three main groups approximately in line with the geographic area of occurrence.Conclusion: Based on the study results, the establishment of gene conservation units must be considered in nature conserves in order to protect the genetic diversity of the species, and the proposal of sampling strategies for ex situ conservation and reforestation.
Cardiac Arrests and Outcomes at Accident and Emergency (A&amp;E) Department in A Tertiary Care Hospital of Sri Lanka.
Authors: Jayasekera Priyamali , Dassanayake Gayani , Bandara Kasthuri , Vithanage Wiraj 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background : Witnessed cardiac arrest is a common occurrence in an A&E department. The reported incidence of witnessed cardiac arrest is variable around the world. The overall unadjusted survival to hospital discharge rate was18.4% at the time of performing this study [1]. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 ( one year) at the A&E department of Provincial General Hospital Kurunegala. The objective was to assess the aetiology, factors associated in outcomes of witnessed cardiac arrests, and the rate of occurrence of cardiac arrest at the A&E of Provincial General Hospital Kurunegala (PGHK). Survivors were followed up on for a one-year period following the study’s conclusion. Results: There were 123 witnessed cardiac arrests (mean age 64 (+/- 15.9) years, 64% male), out of which 25 patients were successfully resuscitated and transferred to intensive care units for further care. However, only 6 (4.9%) patients were discharged from the hospital. The three-month and one-year survival numbers were 6 (4.9%) (males: 4, females: 2) and 4 (3.3%) (males: 3, female: 1) respectively. The age of the sole female survivor after one year was 43 years and the ages of the three male survivors were 46, 54, and 55 years respectively. The most common aetiology for cardiac arrest was myocardial infarction (43.1%) while the most common initial rhythm was non-shockable (82%). The initial rhythm was shockable in all 6 survivors. Conclusion: The overall ratio of survival to discharge in this study was much lower in comparison to international figures. The poor survival rate in this study may be due a very high rate of cardiac arrests with initial non-shockable rhythms in this study’s population.
Participation in Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP) by the Elderly Residents of Social Housing in Quebec: Social Network Analysis
Authors: Deville-Stoetzel Nadia , Kaczorowski Janusz , Agarwal Gina , Lussier Marie-Thérèse , Girard Magali 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The Cardiovascular Health Awareness Program (CHAP) was originally developed and evaluated as a community-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention program in small to medium size communities in Ontario. Recently, CHAP has been adapted to target older individuals living in 14 social housing buildings in Ontario (7) and Quebec (7). The participation rates in the 10-months program varied across buildings in Quebec from 23.5% to 49.1%. Social network analysis (SNA) has been successfully used to assess and strengthen participation in health promotion programs. We applied SNA methods to investigate whether interpersonal relationships between tenants within buildings influence the participation in CHAP. Methods: We used sociometric questionnaires and complete network analysis, supplemented by qualitative interviews to examine relational dynamics of two buildings in Quebec with a low and a high attendance rates. All residents of the two buildings were eligible to be interviewed for the sociometric questionnaire. The participants for the qualitative part of the study were selected at random. Results: In total, 69 seniors participated in the study, including qualitative interviews. Among study participants selected for qualitative interviews, 10 attended almost all CHAP sessions, 10 attended once and 12 did not attend any. Quantitative results helped to identify well-known and appreciated local leaders. In building 1 which had a high attendance rate (34.3%), there was a main leader (In-degree or ‘named by others’ frequency 23.2%) who attended all sessions. In building 2 which had a low attendance rate (23.9%), none of the leaders had participated in CHAP sessions. Qualitative analysis showed that tenants who did not attend CHAP sessions (or other activities in the building) generally preferred to avoid conflicts, retaliation and gossip and did not want to get involved in clans and politics within the buildings. Conclusion: In order to increase attendance at CHAP sessions among residents of subsidized housings for seniors, we identified 4 potential strategies: increase participant confidentiality; deploy community peer-networks to enhance recruitment; pair attendants to ensure their future participation; intervene through an opinion leader or through bridging individuals.