bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment Of Choroidal And Retinal Changes In Cases Of Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Treated With Oral Eplerenone
Authors: Abdelaziz N A , Abdalla T M , Thabet Y A , Fawzy S M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Aim of the Work
This prospective analysis was planned for patients with chronic central serous retinopathy (CSR) more than three months who receive oral Eplerenone for treatment. It is aimed to reduce &resolve sub retinal fluid with improving anatomical and physiological visual functions.

Patient &Methods
sixteen eyes with untreated chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy patients who recruited from the ophthalmic clinic. Main intervention is medication by standard dose of Eplerenone, 50mg once daily. Investigated by Optical Coherence Topography at base line, one month after treatment and three months later. Over the course of the study, patients were monitored for side effects, visual and anatomical response to the medication.

Results
Significant difference in BCVA is found that was 0.675 ±0.2696 at base line to 0.48125±0.2287 after one month after treatment and to 0.04375±0.07274 three months after treatment, (p = 0.000). Sub retinal fluid measurements were improved significantly between each two visits as horizontal fluid volume is improved from 2137 ±987.93 at base line to1559.875 ±677.60 after one month after treatment and to 0 three months after treatment. Vertical fluid volume is improved from 203.125 ±118.73 at base line to122±49.876 after one month after treatment and to 0 three months after treatment. Central sub field thickness were improved significantly between each two visits as it is improved from 372.375 ±92.994 at base line to331.8125 ±90.283 after one month after treatment and to 250.25±25.970 three months after treatment. Contrast sensitivity improved significantly between each two visits as it is improved from 8.7625 ±4.029 at base line to 5.1968±3.227after one month after treatment and to 1.4968±0.4750 three months after treatment. Choroidal thickness was improved significantly between each two visits as it was improved from 267.9375 ±67.451 at base line to222±52.262 after one month after treatment and to 174.0625±23.713 three months after treatment. 100% of the patients complained from positive scotoma at base line, Improved to 44% of the patients complained from positive scotoma one month after treatment, improved to 0% three months after treatment.

Conclusion
Eplerenone therapy resulted in significant anatomic and visual improvements in eyes with chronic central serous Chorioretinopathy.
Survey of Interpupillary Distance in Egyptian People
Authors: Elrazky M K , Abdallah T M , Roshdy M M , Farweez Y A T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of this study was to report normative values and ranges of interpupillary distance (IPD) in Egyptian people.

Methods
This study included 83 healthy subjects; 41 males and 42 females presented with refractive errors to the outpatient clinic of Elshiekh-Zaid specialized hospital in Cairo. After complete ophthalmic evaluation, far IPD measurements were performed using an autorefractometer (Speedy-1, Nikon, Japan), graded ruler (401 A5 stainless hardened, Japan), spectacle frame with two cross-wire lenses (universal trial frame, Carejoy, China). Near IPD measurements were performed using the graded ruler and the spectacle frame.

Results
Mean age of the study population was 35.1±8.0 years (range 20-50). The mean IPD for far was found to be 64.1±3.7 mm (range 56-72) by autorefractometer (p &lt; 0.001), 63.9±3.7 mm (range 56-72) by PD ruler (p &lt; 0.001), and 62.9±3.7 mm (range 55-71) by frame (p &lt; 0.001). The mean IPD for near was found to be 61.9±3.7 mm (range 54-70) by PD ruler (p &lt; 0.001), and 61.0±3.6 mm (range 53-68) by frame (p &lt; 0.001). The mean IPD value was observed to be significantly higher among males (p &lt; 0.001). Far and near IPD difference by PD ruler was 2.0±0.5 mm (p &lt; 0.001) and by frame was 1.9±0.6 mm (p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
The current study showed normative data on far IPD and near IPD by different methods in Egyptian people. Our study showed that sex and age had significant effects on IPD. Knowledge of normal values in this population may be useful in studying orbito-cranial growth patterns, syndrome diagnosis, surgical management of cranio-facial deformities and trauma, and manufactures of optical frames and lenses.
Prevalence of Glaucoma among High Myopia
Authors: Abdelfatah O M , Salem O A , Elawamry A I , Elzanklony Y A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy that is characterized by the selective loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons, which manifests as the loss of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Numerous studies have shown that the extent of RNFL damage correlates with the severity of functional deficit in the visual field (VF), and that RNFL measurement by optical coherence tomography (OCT) has good sensitivity for the detection of glaucoma.

Purpose
To assess the prevalence of glaucoma among high myopic patients and the association between them using standard automated perimetry (SAP) and optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Patients and Methods
A prospective observational randomized cross sectional study included a total of 80 eyes with high myopia, in the period from November 2017 to April 2018. This cross sectional study included 44 subjects with 80 eyes regarding high myopia using the outpatient services of the Qlawoon Hospital, Cairo, who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria between November 2017 and April 2018 aiming to determine the prevalence of glaucoma in high myopic patients.

Results
In our study, we depended on the following highly significant parameters in detection of prevalence of glaucoma among high myopic patients: Spherical equivalent median is -12, Vertical cup/disc ratio mean is 0.55, MD median of visual field is – 5.38, PSD mean of visual field is 3.53, GHT is 64.7% outside normal limits, 17.6% border line and 17.6% general reduction of sensitivity and RNFL thickness mean is; for average thickness is 86.37, for superior thickness is 90.06 and for inferior thickness is 82.68 a highly significant P-value.

Conclusion
Prevalence of glaucoma among our study group is 42.5% depending on Spherical equivalent median, Vertical cup/disc ratio mean, MD median of visual field, PSD mean of visual field, GHT and RNFL thickness.
Management of Metastatic Bone Disease of the Extremities: A Systemic Review
Authors: Mostafa M A , Azmy S I , Ahmad M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Metastatic tumors are the commonest Tumors of the bone. Wide variety of surgical modalities are available for management of bone metastasis. This review describes functional improvement, pain control, and survival after surgical management of the bone metastasis. Surgical management is found to lead to better pain control and functional improvement, with comparable results of survival rate with other reviews like ours.
Results of Modified Ilioinguinal Approach in Management of Acetabular and Pelvic Fractures (A Systematic Review and meta-analysis of Literature)
Authors: Fahmy H A , Sallam A M , Abdelsamad M M A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Modified ilioinguinal approach was introduced to manage anterior acetabular fractures to reduce the morbidity & complications of the classic ilioinguinal approach, a less invasive anterior approach consisting of a medial window combined with the lateral window of the ilioinguinal approach.

Aim of the Work
a systematic review to determine whether the modified ilioinguinal approach is better the classic ilioinguinal approach in managing traumatic acetabular fractures by comparing the results in each study.

Materials and Methods
5 studies(from 2010-2017) were included & reviewed the results of 147 patients operated by modified ilioinguinal approach in terms of: operative details, intraoperative & postoperative complications, postoperative reduction quality & final clinical outcome assessment, & results was analyzed & pooled together to reach a satisfactory outcome.

Results
Modified ilioinguinal approach showed operative time (123.2±6.83 minute), relatively small amount of blood loss (200-1000 ml) & better quality of reduction (84.8% had anatomical reduction, 10.9% had fair reduction, and 4.3% had poor reduction). However there were no significant differences in terms of postoperative complications & final clinical outcome assessment between different studies.

Conclusion
It was concluded that the modified ilioinguinal approach allowed reduction of anterior column and pelvic ring fractures without requiring dissection through the inguinal neurovascular structures. Results showed that its possible with this approach to reach safe reduction and stable fixation.
Treatment of Open Tibial Fracture by Ilizarov External Fixator versus Unreamed Interlocking Nail
Authors: Fayed M M H , Alkersh M A , Eldesouky A E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study is to compare the radiographic results and clinical outcome of unreamed tibial nailing (UTN) and Ilizarov external fixation (IEF) for the treatment of open fractures of the tibia. Patients with open tibial shaft fractures were treated with an IEF or UTN. Both groups were compared for union time, nonunion, infections, mechanical failure of the implant, and malunion. We searched numerous sources and eventually included studies, totaling participants.
The Outcomes Of Autologous Platelet Gel In Bone Reconstruction Of Defects In Patient With Benign Bony Cystic Lesions
Authors: Mostafa M A , Kamel A S , Kheir S I A , Abdelaal M M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Although autologous bone grafting is still considered the ‘‘gold standard’’ in bony defect repair, the past century has seen significant advances in the development of valid alternatives to natural bone.

Aim of the Work
The purpose of the present study is to assess short term clinical and radiographic outcome of bone defect reconstruction by platelet gel mixed with hydroxy appetite/beta tri-calcium phosphate ( HA/B-TCP) bone substitutes after extended curettage.

Patients and Methods
we conducted a prospective study involving 20 patients underwent extended curettage and reconstructed by platelet gel mixed with HA/B-TCP bone substitutes. The mean follow up period was 18 months and MSTS score was used to evaluate the patients clinically and NEER classification system for radiological assessment.

Results
twelve patients of twenty showed excellent healing with NEER I , Six patients were classified as NEER II and Two patients showed recurrence and the mean MSTS score was 90.8-+9.9 .

Conclusion
reconstruction of the bone defect by bone substitute with platelet gel is a good option for avoidance the morbidity of the bone grafts.
Treatment of Blount’s Disease by Temporary Hemiepiphysiodesis Using Eight Plate (A Systematic Review)
Authors: Yousry A H , Elbeshry S S , Abdullah M H A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Tibia vara (Blount’s disease) is an orthopedic condition that affects young children causing varus deformity of the knee. Blount described tibia vara as “an osteochondrosis located at the medial side of the proximal tibial epiphysis.” Currently, tibia vara is considered an acquired disease of the proximal tibial metaphysis, However, rather than an epiphyseal dysplasia or osteochondrosis. The exact cause is unknown, but enchondral ossification seems to be altered. Suggested causative factors include infection, trauma, osteonecrosis and a latent form of rickets, although none of these has been proved. Combination of hereditary and developmental factors is the most likely cause. Weight bearing must be necessary for its development because it does not occur in non-ambulatory patients and the relationship of early walking and obesity to Blount disease has been clearly documented.

Purpose
to establish, through the literatures, what is the effectiveness of temporary hemiepiphysiodesis by eight plate in treating Blount’s disease.

Methodology
A systematic review was carried out on several studies which met the inclusion criteria. In this Study we conducted an up-to-date review of the studies discussing results of use of eight plates in temporary hemiepiphysiodesis in Blount disease and published between June 2008 and June 2018.

Results
in our study, success rate is 67.1% with a considerable rate of correction of mechanical axis deviation ranging between 0.58 mm\month to 1.5mm\month. Success rate in infantile age group was 95%, while in adolescent age group was 48%.

Conclusion
it is evident that results of 8-plate in Blount disease is much better in infantile group of age than adolescent group. So, 8-plate can be used in treatment of Blount’s disease up to stage IV. The results are better in low BMI and younger age group .
Comparative Study between Nancy Nail and Conservative Treatment in Diaphyseal Fracture Tibia in Children
Authors: Fayyad T A , Aly A S , Abdulfatah A G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
nonphyseal fractures of the tibia and fibula are among the most common injuries involving the lower extremities in children and adolescents; represent approximately 15% of all pediatric fractures. They occur more frequently in boys than girls.

Aim of the Work
assessing of efficacy and safety of treatment of diaphyseal fracture tibia in children by nancy nail versus conservative treatment.

Patients and Methods
this review was done using standard methodology outlined in the Cochrane Handbook and reported the findings in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines.

Results
ESIN is an ideal device for treating pediatric tibial fractures allowing mobilization and maintenance of alignment until bridging callus forms. The device would exploit the rapid healing and ability to remodel without risking the physis or blood supply to the tibia.

Conclusion
the present study supports the treatment of tibial shaft fractures in children aged 8-13 years with ESIN, as it hastens fracture union, and allows earlier, weight bearing, rehabilitation and return to normal activity.
Mesenchymal stem cells reduce both inflammation and mortality in chronic cerebral murine toxoplasmosis
Authors: Elhosseiny L M , Badawy A F , Elashkar A M , Abuzahra F A , Abdelsamee N M , Brakat A M A , Elgohary S A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are self-renewing, clonal precursors of non-haematopoietic tissues, with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effect. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of BM-MSCs on chronic toxoplasmosis. BM-MSCs were isolated from 6-wk-old BALB/c donor male mice, then grown and propagated in culture until cell count was 5–8x106/ml. Female Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups: Group I (infected mice injected with BM-MSCs); Group II (infected mice treated with both BM-MSCs and conventional treatment); Group III (infected mice conventionally treated with Spiramycin-Metronidazole combination); Group IV (infection control group in which mice were infected with Me49 strain of Toxoplasma gondii) and Group V (non-infected mice injected with BM-MSCs). Histopathological examination of brain tissue and survival rate were assessed in each group. Compared to the infection control group and conventionally treated group, the infected mice injected with BM-MSCs showed less tissue damage, mild inflammatory changes in brain sections and low mortality rate. The group treated with both MSCs and conventional treatment showed unexpected sever inflammation and the highest mortality rate.
Genotyping of Parasites: Implications on Clinical Manifestations and Epidemiology
Authors: Khalifa K E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Genotyping is the technology that detects small genetic differences at the level of specific alleles by comparing a DNA sequence to that of another sample or a reference sequence. Genetic variations at a specific allele may lead to change in phenotype of the organisms that determine virulence, drug resistance, immune response, clinical manifestations and transmission. The aim of the talk is to present the basics of genotyping technology and the implications of parasite genotype on clinical manifestations and epidemiology with reference to Toxoplasma gondii.
Crosstalks between helminthes and microbiota to improve gut health
Authors: Elwakil H S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Intestinal helminths are potent regulators of their host’s immune system and can protect against Inflammatory bowel disease. This anti-inflammatory activity remains largely unknown. Is it purely intrinsic to helminths, or whether it also involved cross interaction with the local microbiota? Microbiota and helminths have coevolved within the mammalian host. Both have common strategies of establishing a new homeostasis in the host intestinal tract. These strategies include regulating host immunity to permit their survival through the induction of suppressive regulatory T cells ( Tregs ). Also, Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) may be a possible another common pathway shared by microbiota and helminths. SCFAs are microbial metabolite that are derived from microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in the colon. Similarly, some helminth infection leads to SCFAs elevation in human. SCFAs can potentiate T regs generation and IL- 10 production in the periphery. Dissecting the multidirectional interactions among intestinal microbes, helminth parasites and their host immune system will hopefully enable the design of new therapeutic strategies to treat metabolic and inflammatory diseases
Intralesional Mitomycin C Injection in Management of Caustic Esophageal Stricture in Children
Authors: Abdelhamid H S , Elasmar K M , Zaki A A , Ghanem W A , Elbehery M M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Corrosive ingestion is a devastating event that induces significant burdens on modern health systems worldwide. The management of resulting esophageal strictures is challenging where endoscopic dilatation is the first line of management with varying rate of success.

Aim of the Work
We aimed at this work to study the feasibility and safety of intralesional Mitomycin C injection in patients with caustic localized esophageal stricture.

Patients and Methods
This study has been conducted at Pediatric Surgery Department, Pediatric Hospital, Ain Shams University Hospitals on eight pediatric patients with caustic esophageal stricture with variable degrees of dysphagia. We evaluated the clinical improvement of the dysphagia, as well as the intra and postoperative complications of Mitomycin C injection.

Results
Eight patients with short caustic esophageal stricture were managed with intralesional Mitomycin C injection adjuvant to endoscopic dilatation. Seven patients were completely cured from dysphagia with at least 6 months dysphagia free period. No intraoperative complications were documented while there were two cases who reported GIT side effect postoperative in the form of colics and non-bilious vomiting that resolved by medical treatment.

Conclusion
Intralesional Mitomycin C injection could be a good adjuvant therapy with endoscopic dilatation for caustic esophageal stricture. However, long-term observations are mandatory on a large scale of patients.
Soy Skin Prick Test in Patients with Physician-Diagnosed Atopic Disorders
Authors: Reda S M , Radwan N M , Abdelghany H R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Soy protein is an important component of soybeans and is one the 8 most significant food allergens. Yet, the prevalence of soy allergy in the pediatric population is not well defined.

Objectives
To evaluate the incidence of IgE mediated soy protein sensitization among children with clinical manifestation of atopic disorders by the use of skin prick test (SPT) for soy protein.

Methods
Two hundred patients with atopic manifestations attending the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic at the Pediatric Department of Ain shams University, were recruited between January 2017 till January 2018. They were subjected to SPT to soy protein, measurement of total serum IgE and eosinophilic count in the peripheral blood.

Results
Of the 200 patients, 108 (54%) were males and 92 (46%) were females with a male to female ratio of 1.17:1. Their ages ranged between 2 years and 15 years (mean±SD; 6.0±33.3 years). Seven patients (3.5%) had positive skin prick test to soy protein. The mean value for the absolute eosinophilic count was 0.4x109/L. The median for the total serum IgE level was 50 IU/L. According to age, the highest percentage of soy protein sensitivity was elicited among patients less than 3 years (57.14%), followed by those between 3 to 6 years (28.5%) and those between 6 and 15 years (14.28%). A positive family history of atopy was recorded in 122 (61%) of all cases. In terms of gender, incidence of soya sensitivity was higher among males than females but with no statistical difference. Although the most common allergic manifestations of all studied patients were respiratory (83%), and atopic dermatitis (22.5%), yet positive SPT to soy proteins was elicited in 43% in allergic rhinitis cases, in 29% of asthma patients, in 14% of patients with combined asthma and allergic rhinitis, and 14.3% of patients having eczema.

Conclusion
Soy protein sensitization is not uncommon in children especially in those with atopic manifestations. Large scale studies are needed to evaluate the actual incidence of soy protein hypersensitivity in children.
Study of Diagnostic Criteria of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Neonatal and Pediatric Sepsis
Authors: Elalfy M S , Ragab I A , Noureldin  , Ahmed A R , Mohammed S M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
sepsis, a syndrome of physiologic, pathologic, and biochemical abnormalities induced by infection, is a major public health concern; There is overlap between clinical and laboratory criteria induced by sepsis and hemophagocytosis

Aim of the Work
to compare HLH by its known criteria among patients with neonatal sepsis admitted to NICU and childhood sepsis admitted to PICU and compare the outcome of patients with and without HLH criteria.

Patients and Methods
a cross-sectional study including 50 neonates and children with severe sepsis and/or septic shock was performed in Ain Shams University, Pediatric Hospital; 25 of patients were admitted to neonatal ICU and 25 to pediatric ICU. Clinical and laboratory data together with criteria for hemaophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis were analysed and studied in relation to patients outcome.

Results
the young age of our enrolled patients ranging from neonatal to pediatric age with mean age of 30 days in neonatal group and 1.5 years in pediatric group, with 4% fulfilled 5 criteria, 2% fulfilled 4 criteria, 18% fulfilled 3 criteria. All patients who fulfilled 3 or more criteria for HLH died, there was no difference in mortality rate or age groups neonates versus pediatrics according to HLH criteria.

Conclusion
some criteria of HLH were positive among patients with sepsis with no difference between pediatric and neonatal group. However, patients fulfilling 5 criteria of HLH were 4% in our study with no difference in mortality between those with 5 criteria positive and negative ones.