bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Knowledge, Training, and Provider Concerns Predict Referrals and Placement
Authors: Thompson Charee M. , Broecker Jane , Dade Maggie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Context
Providing long-acting reversible contraception (LARC; eg, subdermal implants and intrauterine devices [IUDs]) can help mitigate rates of unintended pregnancy because they are the most effective reversible contraceptive methods. However, many varied barriers to LARC placement are reported. Medical education and training can be tailored if there is a better understanding of how barriers predict LARC referral and to predicting LARC placement.

Objective
To understand how a variety of key barriers to LARC placement are related to one another; to identify which of the barriers, when considered simultaneously, predict LARC referral and LARC placement; and to assess the barriers to LARC placement that persist, even when a major barrier, training, is removed.

Methods
We recruited providers (obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians, pediatricians, internal medicine physicians, certified nurse practitioners, and certified nurse midwives) across the state of Ohio. Participants were compensated with a $35 Amazon gift card for completing an online survey comprising 38 Likert-type items, an 11-item knowledge test, LARC placement and referral questions, and demographic questions. We conducted data analyses that included correlations, odds ratios, and independent samples t tests.

Results
A total of 224 providers participated in the study. Long-acting reversible contraception knowledge, training, and provider concerns were correlated with one another. Training was found to positively predict placement and negatively predict referral when other barriers, such as knowledge and provider concerns, were considered simultaneously. Of providers who were trained to place implants, 18.6% (n=16) said they referred implant placement, and 17.4% (n=15) said they did not place implants. Of providers who were trained to place IUDs, 26.3% (n=26) said they referred IUD placement, and 27.3% (n=27) said they did not place IUDs. Those who referred placement and those who did not place LARCs reported greater barriers (in type and magnitude) to LARC placement than those who did place LARCs.

Conclusion(s)
Long-acting reversible contraception knowledge, training, and provider concerns about barriers to LARC placement were interdependent. Even when providers were trained to place LARCs, a significant portion referred or did not place them. Efforts to increase LARC placement need to address multifaceted barriers.
Structured Curriculum to Improve Pediatric Resident Confidence and Skills in Providing Parenting Advice
Authors: Caldwell Alexandria , Qasimyar Humaira , Shumate Lisa , Anderson Michael P. , Cherry Amanda , Bryant Cheryl , Bax Ami 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Context
Residents receive little parenting education despite its potential to improve parenting behavior and decrease child maltreatment despite the inclusion of parenting content on board certification examinations. Teaching residents how to discuss parenting and foster positive parent-child relationships is essential to treating the whole person in osteopathic pediatric medicine.

Objective
To improve pediatric and internal medicine–pediatric residents’ knowledge, confidence, and skills in providing parenting advice.

Methods
Four toddler parenting and discipline modules were developed. During continuity clinic, residents viewed and discussed modules with faculty. Residents completed a confidence and knowledge questionnaire before and after the curriculum, provided a self-report of use of skills learned, and completed a feasibility survey. Faculty also completed a feasibility survey.

Results
Forty-one of 61 residents (67%) participated in the study. Before participation, the median (interquartile range [IQR]) resident score for confidence in giving advice was 6.0 (4.0-7.0) (on a 10-point scale), increasing to 7.0 (6.0-8.0) for those completing 1 to 3 modules and 8.0 (8.0-9.0) for those completing 4 modules. Median (IQR) score on board-style questions was 8.0 (7.0-9.0) (on a 12-point scale) before participating in the modules and 8.5 (7.5-9.5) for those completing 1 to 3 modules and 9.0 (7.0-9.0) for those completing 4 modules after participation; the increase was not statistically significant. Nine faculty and 29 residents completed the modules and responded to the exit survey regarding feasibility and acceptability of the curriculum. On a 4-point scale (4 being excellent), sessions had an overall mean (SD) rating of 3.7 (0.5) by faculty and 3.5 (0.5) by residents. Most residents (27 [93.1%]) reported interest in more modules, and 28 residents (96.6%) reported using information learned from the modules during clinic visits.

Conclusion
Confidence delivering parenting advice increased among residents who completed the curriculum modules. Faculty and residents reported high feasibility ratings, and residents endorsed application of skills during clinic visits and interest in more modules.
Experimental study of media heat sink thickness impact on signal-to-noise ratio in heat-assisted magnetic recording
Authors: Kaitwanidvilai Somyot , Chaiduangsri Nuttapon , Tongsomporn Damrongsak 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recently, heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) has been demonstrated to extend the areal density growth over the superparamagnetic limited. One key component of this technology is a heat sink layer in HAMR media, which benefits the thermal gradient and transition noise. However, the disadvantage of the heat sink layer (HS) has not been fully explored. In this paper, we investigate the background interference (BGI) impact as a result of the heat sink layer via the spin-stand tester. HAMR heads included a light delivery system that have measured a signal-to-noise ratio and down-track thermal gradient on a variety of HS thickness. Subsequently, we found that a thicker HS is a trade-off between the BGI and thermal gradient. Thus, it remains challenging to achieve an ultra-high areal density using the thermal media design.
Heteroepitaxial spherical electroless Au-plated Pt-based nanogap electrodes of radius 5 nm and gap separation 0.7 nm
Authors: Choi Yoon Young , Kwon Ain , Majima Yutaka 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Heteroepitaxial growth is demonstrated by electroless Au plating (ELGP) on polycrystalline Pt surface and initial ultrafine-linewidth Pt nanogap electrodes, confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscope cross-sectional images, atomic-resolution scanning electron microscope images, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy elemental maps. The gap between a pair of spherical multidomain heteroepitaxial Au on Pt electrodes of radius 5 nm is controlled to a value as small as 0.7 nm by the self-termination mechanism of ELGP without short circuit. The heteroepitaxial spherical Au/Pt nanogap electrodes are found to be robust against annealing at temperatures up to 573 K.
The inclusion of de-oiled wet distillers grains in feedlot diets reduces the expression of lipogenic genes and fat content in Longissimus muscle from F1 Angus-Nellore cattle
Authors: Ferreira Mateus S. , Tomaz Laís A. , Niehues Maria B. , Ladeira Márcio M. , Curi Rogério A. , Chardulo Luís A. , Baldassini Welder A. , Martins Cyntia L. , Arrigoni Mário B. , Machado Neto Otávio R. 
Published: October 2019

The inclusion of agro-industry by-products originated from corn ethanol production has increased in animal nutrition in Brazil, reducing formulation costs. In the literature, there is no consensus on how the high inclusion of de-oiled wet distillers grains can affect beef quality and the expression of lipogenic genes in Longissimus muscle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of WDG in the diet of F1 Angus-Nellore cattle on meat quality characteristics, chemical composition and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. A hundred F1 Angus-Nellore bulls, with average initial body weight (BW) of 369.5 ± 49 kg were used. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, and the animals were divided into two blocks (light and heavy) according to the initial body weight. The animals were fed diets containing levels of 0 (control), 15, 30 and 45% of WDG replacing dry corn and soybean meal. After 129 days of feedlot, the animals were slaughtered and samples of thelongissimus thoracis(LT) muscle were collected for quality analyzes such as shear force (3, 10 and 17 aging days), color (luminosity, red, Chroma and Hue), cooking losses, pH and chemical composition (moisture, protein, lipids and ash contents). In addition, the expression of thePPARα, PPARγ, SREBP-1c, SCD1, LPL, FABP4, FASN, ACOX, CPT2, GPX1andACACAgenes was investigated in the LT muscle by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were analyzed using polynomial contrasts (linear, quadratic and control vs. WDG). There was no interaction (P > 0.05) between aging times and the inclusion of WDG in the diets on the meat quality (pH, cooking losses, coloration and tenderness). However, diets with increasing levels of WDG caused a linear reduction (P = 0.01) in the intramuscular fat of LT. The lipogenic genesSCD1, PPARγ, FASNandCPT2were less expressed (P < 0.05) in response to the inclusion of WDG. These results suggest that the inclusion of WDG reduced the expression of lipogenic genes and consequently the marbling of LT muscle without affecting tenderness (shear force) and meat color traits.
Application of GIS and Remote Sensing to Analyse Land Use Land Cover Change Detection and Vegetation Dynamics Using Multi-temporal Satellite Images; The Case of Mariamdehan Kebele, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Meresa Esayas , Gebrewhid Yikunoamlak 
Published: October 2019

Detecting Land use and land cover change and vegetation condition has become a central component in current strategies for managing and monitoring of environmental changes caused by anthropogenic activities. To come up with such decisions, geoinformatics technology is providing new tools to conduct vegetation and land use land cover change detection analysis for managing and wise utilisation of natural resources as well as to provide information for policymakers in a given study area. This study examines the use of geoinformatics technology to analyse land use land cover (LULC) change and vegetation dynamics using multi-temporal satellite images for the maryamdehan kebele in the years 1984, 2005 and 2015. Both primary and secondary data were used from different sources. Satellite images of the year 1984, 2005 and 2015 were downloaded from the govis.usgs.gov website and ground control points (GCP) data were collected by handheld GPS for supervised image classification in Erdas imagine and ArcGIS environment. The findings show that six main land use land cover classes were detected and vegetation values were also computed in each period. As a result, the total area of the kebele was 3646.49 hectare, from which in 1984 forest area (40.691%), grassland (26.15%) and farmland (10.81%) were dominant classes and in 2005 settlement (52.41%), forest area (25.04%) & farmland (11.71%) and in 2015, 35.14% was covered by forest land, 30.04% by Settlement, and 14.74% by farmland. Water resource decreases from 9.3% to 0.64% in 2015 and the bare land also changes from 3.18% to 0.903% because of urban expansion and agricultural activities in the kebele. In addition, the vegetation condition looks like a sinusoidal trend from the year 1984 up to 2015 because of climate change and human interventions in the kebele. To conclude that detecting LULC change and analysis of vegetation dynamics plays a great role in land use management and wise utilisation of natural resources by applying Geoinformatics tools in the kebele and it provides information for the policymakers to prepared future plan and for sustainable development.
Density Dependent Delayed Migration for Rosenzweig-Macaurther Model with Holling Type II Predator Functional Response
Authors: B. Apima Samuel , O. Lawi George , J. Kagendo Nthiiri 
Published: October 2019

The model describing the interaction between the predator and prey species is referred to as a predator-prey model. The migration of these species from one patch to another may not be instantaneous. This may be due to barriers such as a swollen river or a busy infrastructure through the natural habitat. Recent predator-prey models have either incorporated a logistic growth for the prey population or a time delay in migration of the two species. Predator-prey models with logistic growth that integrate time delays in density-dependent migration of both species have been given little attention. A Rosenzweig-MacAurther model with density-dependent migration and time delay in the migration of both species is developed and analyzed in this study. The Analysis of the model when the prey migration rate is greater than or equal to the prey growth rate, the two species will coexist, otherwise, at least one species will become extinct. A longer delay slows down the rate at which the predator and prey population increase or decrease, thus aecting the population density of these species. The prey migration due to the predator density does not greatly affect the prey density and existence compared to the other factors that cause the prey to migrate. These factors include human activities in the natural habitats like logging and natural causes like bad climatic conditions, limited food resources and overpopulation of the prey species in a patch among others.
Plant Growth Regulator-Brassinolide for Mitigating Field Waterlogging Stress on Maize
Authors: Otie Victoria , Ping AN , Ibrahim Ali , Eneji Egrinya 
Published: October 2019

Aim: To assess the pleiotropic role of a plant growth regulator, commercially identified as brassinolide (BR) in mitigating waterlogging stress imposed on maize.
Study Design: A factorial combination of two maize varieties [Ikom White (IKW) and Oba-98], two BR levels (0 and 250 ml) and two waterlogging stages of maize growth [control (WL0) and seedling stage (WL1)], arranged as a split-split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used.
Place and Duration of Study: Akpabuyo Local Government Area, Cross River State-Nigeria. A two-year field experiment was conducted during the dry seasons of December 2016 and December 2017.
Methodology: Waterlogging test was conducted on plots by demarcating them with 3.6 by 1.7 m metal sheets buried to a depth of 60 cm to prevent lateral soil-water movement. Two maize seeds were sown at 25 cm within and 75 cm between rows. The BR (250 ml) was sprayed foliar at 21 DAS. The non-waterlogging plots served as control. Observations were made on growth and yield variables as well as the plant's physiological traits.
Results: Waterlogging significantly reduced the growth attributes of maize and increased (p≤0.05) the leaf moisture content. The photosynthetically active radiation on maize plants was substantially reduced (p≤0.05) by the waterlogging stress. Dry matter yield (DMY) and nutrient uptake in the leaves, stems and grains were reduced (p≤0.05) at both silking and at harvest. The effect of the BR was greater in Oba-98 with higher nutrient contents, radiation absorption, dry matter and grain yields than IKW.
Conclusion: Treatment of maize plants with BR could induce some tolerance of field waterlogging. Thus, for optimum efficiency in maize production under stressed soil condition of waterlogging, it is recommended that the foliar spray of BR at the 250 ml per plant rate be considered.
Effect of Brainstorming Technique on Study Habit among Secondary School Students in Anambra and Enugu States
Authors: Akunne L. I. , Anyamene A. 
Published: October 2019

Aims: The general purpose of this study is to determine the effect of brainstorming techniques on secondary students study habit.
Study Design: The study adopted the quasi-experimental (pre-test-post-test control group) design.
Place and Duration of Study: 800 senior secondary school II students from Anambra State and Enugu State of Nigeria, between February 2019 and August 2019.
Methodology: This study on effect of brainstorming technique on secondary school students study habit adopted the quasi-experimental research design, more specifically the non-randomized pre-test – post test control group design. Quasi-experimental study is a type of experimental study that determines the effect of a treatment paradigm on a non-randomized sample. The sample for the study was 800 senior secondary schools students (350 male and 450 female). The study habit inventory questionnaire with a reliability index of .897 was used in data collection. Mean and standard deviation was used in answering the research questions while ANOVA was used in testing the null hypothesis.
Results: At 0.05 level of significance, the analysis of the data collected revealed a mean gain of 38.13 between the control and experimental groups, and a difference in mean gain of 4.61 for male and female students. This indicates that brainstorming was more effective for the experimental group and further shows that the effect differs with respect to gender. The findings revealed there was no difference in the mean post test scores of students who received treatment using brainstorming technique and those in the control group (p = 0.416, 0.05) also there was a significant difference in the mean post test scores of male and female secondary school students (p=0.026, 0.05).
Conclusion: The study concluded that brainstorming technique is effective for improving secondary school students study habit.
In-vitro Fluorescence Spectroscopic Analysis of the Interaction of Glimepiride with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)
Authors: Nahar Deepa Kanij , Nawsheen Sabia , Abu Sufian Md. , Islam S. M. Ashraful 
Published: October 2019

Background: The significant study was made to investigate the interaction of an antidiabetic drug, glimepiride with bovine serum albumin (BSA) by fluorescence quenching method in two different temperatures (298K and 308K).
Methods: The study was carried out through fluorescence spectroscopic analysis. Stern-Volmer equation determined the fluorescence quenching constant. The various thermodynamic parameters such as free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS) was found out by Van’t Hoff equation.
Results: The data revealed that glimepiride interact with BSA and both tryptophan and tyrosine residues of BSA are responsible for interactions with glimepiride. BSA undergo static quenching in presence of glimepiride, a quencher. The hydrophobic forces participated in chief roles for BSA-glimepiride complexation and this was indicated by the values of thermodynamic parameters. The binding number (n) obtained was ≈1 pointed out that glimepiride and BSA has bound with 1:1 ratio.
Conclusions: Through fluorescence spectroscopic technique we revealed the nature of interaction of glimepiride with BSA, quenching mechanism for the interaction and associated thermodynamic parameters.
Analysis of Factors Responsible for Project Cost Variation in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Eboh E. E. , Egolum C. C. , Ezeokoli F. O. , Onyia C. I. 
Published: October 2019

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the factors responsible for the cost variation in the construction projects in Enugu, Nigeria, with a view to establishing the impacts of this factors on project delivery in the study area.
Study Design: it was a survey research, the study was effected via literature review and a well-structured questionnaire. Likewise, interviews were carried out to substantiate the findings of the questionnaire survey.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Enugu state, Nigeria for a period of 2 years.
Methodology: Being a survey research, a total of one hundred and twenty-six (126) questionnaires were distributed with one hundred and three (103) returned and adequately filled given a percentage response of 81.7%. The data collected was presented and analyzed using tables, frequency, mean score and relative importance index. The analysis was aided by a computer-based software, named Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.
Results: The study found out that more than 40% of the respondents have experience cost overrun while more than 60% of the respondent attest that cost overrun occurs always most of their project. The study observed that the principal factors responsible for this overrun in construction projects in the study area are: poor contract management deficiency in prepared cost estimate and incomplete design. Furthermore, the study observed that the contractor’s desire to improve his financial condition, poor site management and Defective workmanship and availability of skilled labor and change orders/ variation are least factors that contribute to cost overrun in projects in the study area. The study established that the most common effect of cost overrun on project delivery are loss of profit (1.09), fewer returns on investment (0.86) while the least effect is higher rental/lease cost or price (0.70).
Conclusion: The study concluded by recommending that proper contract management, value engineering and effective communication should maintain throughout the lifecycle of the project.
Intrathecal cytokine profile in neuropathy with anti‐neurofascin 155 antibody
Authors: Ogata Hidenori , Zhang Xu , Yamasaki Ryo , Fujii Takayuki , Machida Akira , Morimoto Nobutoshi , Kaida Kenichi , Masuda Teruaki , Ando Yukio , Kuwahara Motoi , Kusunoki Susumu , Nakamura Yuri , Matsushita Takuya , Isobe Noriko , Kira Jun‐ichi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the CSF cytokine profile in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) patients with IgG4 anti‐neurofascin 155 (NF155) antibodies (NF155+ CIDP) or those lacking anti‐NF155 antibodies (NF155− CIDP).MethodsTwenty‐eight CSF cytokines/chemokines/growth factors were measured by multiplexed fluorescent immunoassay in 35 patients with NF155+ CIDP, 36 with NF155− CIDP, and 28 with non‐inflammatory neurological disease (NIND).ResultsCSF CXCL8/IL‐8, IL‐13, TNF‐α, CCL11/eotaxin, CCL2/MCP‐1, and IFN‐γ were significantly higher, while IL‐1β, IL‐1ra, and G‐CSF were lower, in NF155+ CIDP than in NIND. Compared with NF155− CIDP, CXCL8/IL‐8 and IL‐13 were significantly higher, and IL‐1β, IL‐1ra, and IL‐6 were lower, in NF155+ CIDP. CXCL8/IL‐8, IL‐13, CCL11/eotaxin, CXCL10/IP‐10, CCL3/MIP‐1α, CCL4/MIP‐1β, and TNF‐α levels were positively correlated with markedly elevated CSF protein, while IL‐13, CCL11/eotaxin, and IL‐17 levels were positively correlated with increased CSF cell counts. IL‐13, CXCL8/IL‐8, CCL4/MIP‐1β, CCL3/MIP‐1α, and CCL5/RANTES were decreased by combined immunotherapies in nine NF155+ CIDP patients examined longitudinally. By contrast, NF155− CIDP had significantly increased IFN‐γ compared with NIND, and exhibited positive correlations of IFN‐γ, CXCL10/IP‐10, and CXCL8/IL‐8 with CSF protein. Canonical discriminant analysis of cytokines/chemokines revealed that NF155+ and NF155− CIDP were separable, and that IL‐4, IL‐10, and IL‐13 were the three most significant discriminators.InterpretationIntrathecal upregulation of type 2 helper T (Th2) cell cytokines is characteristic of IgG4 NF155+ CIDP, while type 1 helper T cell cytokines are increased in CIDP regardless of the presence or absence of anti‐NF155 antibodies, suggesting that overproduction of Th2 cell cytokines is unique to NF155+ CIDP.