bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Fiber Direction on the Tribological Behavior of Carbon-Reinforced PEEK at Elevated Temperature for Application in Gas Turbine Engines
Authors: Cliche Marie-Laurence , Mone Robert , Liberati Andre C. , Stoyanov Pantcho 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The aerospace industry aims for net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, requiring gas turbine engines to reduce CO2 emissions. This will impact engine material selection due to harsher operating conditions, limiting traditional metal/alloy use. While fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are commonly used in the aerospace industry, their use in gas turbine engines is often restricted by the lower operating temperatures of the polymer matrix. However, many studies have demonstrated the tribological potential of FRP in the fan section of the engines, but little attention has been given to the potential of orienting the fibers in the normal (i.e., out-of-plane) direction relative to the wear surface to leverage the anisotropic properties of FRP composites. This study investigates the impact of fiber orientation on the tribological properties of carbon fiber/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (CF-PEEK) at elevated temperatures. Three CF-PEEK samples with different fiber orientations were selected for this study (parallel, antiparallel, and normal directions), as well as a fourth sample of pure PEEK. Tribological tests were conducted using a ball-on-disk tribometer at an elevated temperature of 200 °C to evaluate wear and friction behavior. The worn surfaces and counterfaces were analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The findings reveal that CF-PEEK with fibers oriented in the normal direction demonstrates significantly enhanced tribological performance at elevated temperatures, achieving a 95% reduction in the friction coefficient and a 92% decrease in the wear-rate compared to pure PEEK. A wear mechanism has been proposed to explain the superior wear resistance of normally oriented fibers in CF-PEEK, linking it to the development of a fiber-based interface during the run-in phase and the formation of a uniform transfer film.
Integrating High-Intensity Physical Activity Breaks Into Senior School Lessons: Teachers’ Perceptions of the “Burn 2 Learn” Program
Authors: Leahy Angus A. , Babic Mark , Hansen Vibeke , Eather Narelle , Smith Jordan J. , Costigan Sarah A. , Lubans David R. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Most classroom physical activity break interventions have been conducted in primary schools. This is the first study to examine teachers’ perceptions of integrating high-intensity activity breaks into academic lessons for older adolescents in the final years of secondary school. Method: Twelve teachers who participated in the Burn 2 Learn cluster randomized controlled trial completed a semistructured interview with a member of the research team (∼30 min per interview). Results: Teachers were supportive of activity breaks, citing increases in students’ well-being and improvements in classroom engagement following classroom activity breaks. However, competing academic pressure (particularly as major examinations drew closer) was the most cited barrier to implementation. Discussion: Despite the benefits of classroom activity breaks, providing alternative opportunities during the school day (i.e., before classes) may be needed for older adolescents in their final years of schooling if curriculum time is unable to be redirected away from academic subjects.
Equine lentivirus Gag protein degrades mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein via the E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf1
Authors: Chen Kewei , Zhou Bingqian , Wang Xinhui , Yang Guangpu , Lin Yuezhi , Wang Xuefeng , Du Cheng , Wang Xiaojun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) and HIV-1 are both members of the
Lentivirus
genus and are similar in virological characters. EIAV is of great concern in the equine industry. Lentiviruses establish a complex interaction with the host cell to counteract the antiviral responses. There are various pattern recognition receptors in the host, for instance, the cytosolic RNA helicases interact with viral RNA to activate the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and subsequent interferon (IFN) response. However, viruses also exploit multiple strategies to resist host immunity by targeting MAVS, but the mechanism by which lentiviruses are able to target MAVS has remained unclear. In this study, we found that EIAV infection induced MAVS degradation, and that EIAV Gag protein recruited the E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf1 to polyubiquitinate and degrade MAVS. The CARD domain of MAVS and the WW domain of Smurf1 are responsible for the interaction with Gag. EIAV Gag is a precursor polyprotein of the membrane-interacting matrix p15, the capsid p26, and the RNA-binding nucleocapsid proteins p11 and p9. Therefore, we analyzed which protein domain of Gag could interact with MAVS and Smurf1. We found that p15 and p26, but not p11 or p9, target MAVS for degradation. Moreover, we identified the key amino acid residues that support the interactions between p15 or p26 and MAVS or Smurf1. The present study describes a novel role of the EIAV structural protein Gag in targeting MAVS to counteract innate immunity, and reveals the mechanism by which the equine lentivirus can antagonize against MAVS.

IMPORTANCE
Host anti-RNA virus innate immunity relies mainly on the recognition by retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), and subsequently initiates downstream signaling through interaction with mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS). However, viruses have developed various strategies to counteract MAVS-mediated signaling, although the method of antagonism of MAVS by lentiviruses is still unknown. In this article, we demonstrate that the precursor (Pr55gag) polyprotein of EIAV and its protein domains p15 and p26 target MAVS for ubiquitin-mediated degradation through E3 ubiquitin ligase Smurf1. MAVS degradation leads to the inhibition of the downstream IFN-β pathway. This is the first time that lentiviral structural protein has been found to have antagonistic effects on MAVS pathway. Overall, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which equine lentiviruses can evade host innate immunity, and provides insight into potential therapeutic strategies for the control of lentivirus infection.
RB-TnSeq barcode abundance data sets for
Novosphingobium aromaticivorans
grown on the β-5-linked aromatic dimer dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol
Authors: Metz Fletcher , Allemann Marco N. , Michener Joshua K. , Myers Kevin S. , Lu Fachuang , Noguera Daniel R. , Donohue Timothy J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

A randomly barcoded transposon insertion sequencing (RB-TnSeq) library of
Novosphingobium aromaticivorans
DSM12444 was grown in media containing either glucose or the β-5-linked aromatic dimer dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol (DC-A) as the sole carbon source. The cultures were grown to saturation and then sequenced, yielding the barcode abundance data sets presented here.
Vibrio cidicii
genomes recovered from Baltic Sea samples in Denmark
Authors: Hounmanou Yaovi Mahuton Gildas , Hougbenou Beau-Gard Jules , Dougnon Victorien Tamegnon , Hammerl Jens-Andre , Dalsgaard Anders 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

We report the genomic characteristics of the human pathogen
Vibrio cidicii
isolated from seawater and green algae in the Baltic Sea. Initially misidentified as
Vibrio vulnificus
through culture and MALDI-TOF, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) confirmed them as
V. cidicii
, highlighting the importance of WGS analysis in accurate classification of emerging pathogens.
Novel assembly of the SF370 strain of the important human pathogen
Streptococcus pyogenes
serotype M1
Authors: Wulff Thomas Fabian , Ahmed-Begrich Rina , Hahnke Karin , Jahn Michael , Charpentier Emmanuelle 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The important human pathogen
Streptococcus pyogenes
causes a wide range of diseases. Strain SF370 was the first fully sequenced strain of
S. pyogenes
, providing essential insights into the molecular mechanisms of disease. We present an improved genome assembly of strain SF370 from ATCC, which corrects long-standing errors in its genome.
Abraham Bar Ḥiyya in the Long Travels of the
Algorithm
Authors: Burbano Andrés 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The term algorithm derives from Al-Khwārizmī (813–833), a Persian polymath based in Baghdad. His contributions to mathematics left an enduring impact on subsequent centuries. While translations of his algebraic works reached Christian Europe during the medieval period, a deeper examination is necessary to understand how his concepts were transmitted. In the early 1970s, artists exploring computational art, Roman Verostko (1929–2024) and Jean-Pierre Hébert (1939–2021), revitalized the term algorist to define their ventures into visual art utilizing computational technologies. Despite temporal disparities, fascinating conceptual parallels emerge between the practices of these modern algorists and the intellectual life and discussions of the Middle Ages linking scholars such as Abraham Bar Ḥiyya of Barcelona (1065–1145) and Fibonacci (1170–1240).
Transversal Racialisation: Losurdo’s Account of What Is and Isn’t Proto-Fascist in Nietzsche
Authors: Beiner Ronald 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article focuses on Domenico Losurdo’s subtle but important distinction between ‘horizontal racialisation’ and ‘transversal racialisation’. A grasp of what is at play in Nietzsche’s conception of the latter allows one to appreciate Nietzsche’s politics in its most disturbing and sinister aspect. It also uncovers revealing affinities with the decisively Nietzsche-influenced political vision of the über-fascist thinker, Julius Evola. Attention to this whole dimension of Nietzsche’s thought helps to vindicate Losurdo’s fundamental claim that Nietzsche is far more focused on politics than most contemporary philosophical commentators are willing to acknowledge.
Jaw vs abdominal Burkitt's lymphoma: An analysis of 25 Iraqi cases
Authors: Izzat Alaa W. , Al-Drobie Ban , Ismael Fatimah J. , Abdullah Bashar 
Published: December 2024

Objectives This study compared the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical characteristics and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detection of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) in the abdomen and jaw of Iraqi patients. Methods A cohort/retrospective study was carried out between August and September 2024 using 25 tissue blocks (14 gnathic and 11 abdominal BL) from the Oral and Maxillofacial Laboratory, University of Baghdad, College of Dentistry, and the National Centre for Educational Laboratories. The sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), while CD10, CD20, Bcl-2, BCl-6, C-Myc and Ki-67 markers were used for diagnosis. The DNA detection of the EBV was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The tumours showed 22 classical and 3 atypical histological patterns. The mean age of the patients was 6.3 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 3.1:1. The younger patients were affected by the gnathic BL ( P = 0.01), and the EBV was detected with a positive correlation ( P = 0.005) in 14% of the gnathic and 72% of the abdominal tumours. There was no significant correlation between the Ki-67 expression and the clinicopathological features. Conclusions A critical finding of this study was that gnathic BL tends to affect people of a younger age. In addition, the abdominal presentation of EBV suggests a regional pattern of viral exposure, while there was no correlation between the aggressiveness of BL and viral exposure or the tumour site.
Randomized controlled trial of bushen yinao pill combined with conventional therapy on intestinal flora imbalance and cognitive function improvement in older patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Ji , Li Cangda 
Published: December 2024

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Bushen Yinao Pill, combined with standard therapy, on gut flora imbalances, inflammatory markers, and cognitive function in older patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods A total of 136 AD patients treated at the Department of Neurology from August 2022 to September 2023 were randomly assigned to two groups: 68 patients received standard treatment (control group, CTG), and 68 patients received the Bushen Yinao Pill plus standard treatment (intervention group, ITG). Outcomes included TCM syndrome scores, gut microbiota composition, inflammatory markers, cognitive function, overall efficacy, and safety. Results ITG showed significant reductions in syndrome scores as compared to CTG after treatment ( P < 0.05). The ITG also showed significant increases in beneficial bacteria and decreases in harmful bacteria compared to the CTG ( P < 0.05). Inflammatory markers (Aβ, IL-6, TNF-α) were reduced, and cognitive function improved more significantly in the ITG ( P < 0.05). The effective rate was higher in the ITG, with no significant difference in adverse reactions between the groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion The Bushen Yinao Pill, when combined with standard therapy, effectively regulates gut microbiota, reduces inflammatory markers, and enhances cognitive function in AD patients, showing a favorable safety profile. Further research is recommended to validate these findings in diverse populations.
Children's amputee mobility predictor—Assessing the functional capability of children with leg length discrepancy
Authors: Eylon Sharon , Stern Nurit , Schurr Itai , Siev-Ner Itzhak , Weiss Patrice L. , Kristal Anat 
Published: December 2024

Objective The study purpose was twofold: (1) to develop the Children’s Amputee Mobility Predictor and establish its content and social validity and (2) to determine its intra and inter-rater reliability. Design A reliability and validity study. Setting Pediatric rehabilitation hospital. Participants Content validity study: 10 clinical experts; Social validity study: 24 stakeholders (i.e., children’s parents); Reliability study: 3 physical therapists. Intervention Not applicable. Main measure The functional capability of 30 children with leg length discrepancy was evaluated using the Children’s Amputee Mobility Predictor. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, two-way mixed model, and absolute agreement for a single measure were used to establish intra and inter-rater reliability. Results Experts reached a consensus on the relevancy and clarity of all 26 tasks included in the Children’s Amputee Mobility Predictor. The intra- and inter-rater reliability were excellent, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC)2,1 = .95, with 95% CI ranging from 0.88–0.98; and ICC3,1 = 0.96 with 95% CI ranging from 0.93–0.98, respectively. Parent feedback indicated the relevancy of tasks for children with leg length discrepancies. Conclusions The Children's Amputee Mobility Predictor is a comprehensive outcome measure that requires minimal equipment or space. It appears stable over time when used by the same physical therapist and results suggest that it may be used by multiple physical therapists. The Children's Amputee Mobility Predictor appears to measure important and relevant aspects of functional capability and be a meaningful and relevant assessment tool, helping to guide the determination of medical necessity for specific prosthetic and physical therapy interventions.
Establishment of an inflammation-related acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome rat model supported by venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Li Wenli , Chen Yuansen , Li Duo , Wang Haiwang , Liu Yanqing , Li Yongnan , Fan Haojun 
Published: December 2024

Background: The major concerns for patients who have acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 or sepsis and undergone successful venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) include a low survival rate and an uncontrollable inflammatory response. This study aimed to introduce an inflammation-related ALI/ARDS rat model supported by VV ECMO that is more suitable for clinical application to assess the immune response and thereby further improve survival after VV ECMO. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into three groups: the sham group, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, and the LPS + ECMO group. ALI/ARDS was induced via intratracheal instillation of LPS in rats. A 5.5 F specially designed bicaval cannulation was placed in the external jugular vein for drainage and reflux. Femoral artery cannulation was used to monitor blood pressure during surgery. Arterial blood gas was measured at baseline and 3 h after VV ECMO support. Finally, lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood samples were harvested for further evaluation. Results: All LPS-induced ALI/ARDS rats were successfully supported by VV ECMO. The rats survived during the supporting process and maintained effective blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) activity. Compared with the LPS group, VV ECMO support provided oxygen supply to restore lung function and reduced lung injury. Conclusion: We successfully established an inflammation-related ALI/ARDS rat model supported by VV ECMO, in which VV ECMO support alleviated lung injury. Our rat model provides a new tool for immunological research on inflammation-related ALI/ARDS during VV ECMO.
Application of 3D visualization virtual surgery system in percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy
Authors: Gong Chen , Zhang Min , Wu Jianming , Shi Zhiwei , Liu Xiangyang , Niu Yahui 
Published: December 2024

Background Percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) is an effective minimally invasive technique for treating lumbar disc herniation (LDH). However, precise channel establishment remains challenging. A three-dimensional visualization virtual surgery system (3DVVSS) is increasingly used in specific surgeries, yet its value in PTED remains uncertain. Objective To investigate the application of a 3DVVSS combined with a self-made intervertebral foramen positioning puncture device (IFPPD) in PTED for the treatment of LDH. Methods This study enrolled 120 LDH patients who underwent PTED between January 2021 and February 2022. Patients were randomly assigned to 3DVVSS combined with the IFPPD group (V group), and the traditional freehand methods group (T group). Hospitalization days, number of puncture attempts, fluoroscopy time, operation time, visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), and complications were analyzed. Results All patients completed follow-up without serious complications. Hospitalization days between the two groups were comparable ( p > 0.05). However, the V group showed statistically significant advantages over the T group in puncture time, number of puncture attempts, fluoroscopy times, and operation time ( p < 0.05). All patients exhibited significant improvements in VAS and ODI compared to those of preoperation ( p < 0.05). Still, there was no significant difference in VAS and ODI between T and V groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusion 3DVVSS combined with IFPPD can significantly improve the successful puncture rate, and reduce the operation time and the fluoroscopy times, indicating its great potential in future clinical applications.
Comprehensive profiling of T-cell exhaustion signatures and establishment of a prognostic model in lung adenocarcinoma through integrated RNA-sequencing analysis
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Cheng Jiaqi , Jin Pingyan , Lv Lizheng , Yu Haijuan , Yang Chunxiao , Zhang Shuai 
Published: December 2024

Background T-cell exhaustion (TEX) in the tumor microenvironment causes immunotherapy resistance and poor prognosis. Objective We used bioinformatics to identify crucial TEX genes associated with the molecular classification and risk stratification of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods Bulk RNA sequencing data of patients with LUAD were acquired from open sources. LUAD samples exhibited abnormal TEX gene expression, compared with normal samples. TEX gene-based prognostic signature was established and validated in both TCGA and GSE50081 datasets. Immune correlation and risk group-related functional analyses were also performed. Results Eight optimized TEX genes were identified using the LASSO algorithm: ERG, BTK, IKZF3, DCC, EML4, MET, LATS2, and LOX . Several crucial Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways were identified, such as T-cell receptor signaling, toll-like receptor signaling, leukocytes trans-endothelial migration, Fcγ R-mediated phagocytosis, and GnRH signaling. Eight TEX gene-based risk score models were established and validated. Patients with high-risk scores had worse prognosis (P < 0.001). A nomogram model comprising three independent clinical factors showed good predictive efficacy for survival rate in patients with LUAD. Correlation analysis revealed that the TEX signature significantly correlated with immune cell infiltration, tumor purity, stromal cells, estimate, and immunophenotype score. Conclusion TEX-derived risk score is a promising and effective prognostic factor that is closely correlated with the immune microenvironment and estimated score. TEX signature may be a useful clinical diagnostic tool for evaluating pre-immune efficacy in patients with LUAD.
Machine learning for improved medical device management: A focus on defibrillator performance
Authors: Spahić Lemana , Jeremić Luka , Lalatović Ivana , Muratović Tatjana , Džuho Amra , Pokvić Lejla Gurbeta , Badnjević Almir 
Published: December 2024

Background Poorly regulated and insufficiently maintained medical devices (MDs) carry high risk on safety and performance parameters impacting the clinical effectiveness and efficiency of patient diagnosis and treatment. After the MD directive (MDD) had been in force for 25 years, in 2017 the new MD Regulation (MDR) was introduced. One of the more stringent requirement is a need for better control of MD safety and performance post-market surveillance mechanisms. Objective To address this, we have developed an automated system for management of MDs, based on their safety and performance measurement parameters, that use machine learning algorithm as a core of its functioning. Methods In total, 1997 samples were collected during the inspection process of defibrillator inspections performed by an ISO 17020 accredited laboratory at various healthcare institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This paper presents solution developed for defibrillators, but proposed system is scalable to any other type of MDs, both diagnostic and therapeutic. Results Various machine learning algorithms were considered, including Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Naïve Bayes (NB) and Logistic Regression (LR). In addition, random forest regressor and XG Boost algorithms were tested for their predictive capabilities in the field of defibrillator output error prediction. These algorithms were selected because of their ability to handle large datasets and their potential for achieving high prediction accuracy. The highest accuracy achieved on this dataset was 94.8% using the Naive Bayes algorithm. The XGBoost Regressor with its r2 of 0.99 emerged as a powerful tool, showcasing exceptional predictive accuracy and the ability to capture a substantial portion of the dataset's variability. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that clinical engineering (CE) and health technology management (HTM) departments in healthcare institutions can benefit from proposed automatization of defibrillator maintenance scheduling in terms of increased safety and treatment of patients, on one side, and cost optimization in MD management departments, on the other side.