bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of client retention in a state-based tobacco quitline
Authors: Nair Uma S. , Rabe Brooke , Brady Benjamin R. , Bell Melanie L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionQuitlines are standard care for smoking cessation; however, retaining clients in services is a problem. Little is known about factors that may predict dropout.AimsTo examine predictors of retention while in-program and at follow-up for clients enrolling in a state quitline.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of quitline enrolled clients from 2011 to 2017 (N = 49,347). Client retention in-program was categorized as (a) low adherence to treatment (receiving zero coaching calls), moderate (1–2 calls), and high adherence (3+ calls). Dropout at follow-up included participants who were not reached for the 7-month follow-up.ResultsMore than half the sample dropped out during treatment; 61% were not reached for follow-up. Women (odds ratio (OR) = 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) = [1.16, 127]) and those with high levels of nicotine dependence (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = [1.02, 1.04]) were more likely to have moderate adherence to treatment (1–2 coaching calls). Dropout at follow-up was more likely among clients who used nicotine replacement therapy (OR = 1.14; 95% CI = [1.09, 1.19]) and less likely among those who had high treatment adherence (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = [0.39, 0.42]).ConclusionGiven the relapsing nature of tobacco use and the harms related to tobacco use, quitlines can improve their impact by offering tailored services to enhance client engagement and retention in-treatment and at follow-up.
Laboratory Study on Fluid‐Induced Fault Slip Behavior: The Role of Fluid Pressurization Rate
Authors: Wang Lei , Kwiatek Grzegorz , Rybacki Erik , Bonnelye Audrey , Bohnhoff Marco , Dresen Georg 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the physical mechanisms governing fluid‐induced fault slip is important for improved mitigation of seismic risks associated with large‐scale fluid injection. We conducted fluid‐induced fault slip experiments in the laboratory on critically stressed saw‐cut sandstone samples with high permeability using different fluid pressurization rates. Our experimental results demonstrate that fault slip behavior is governed by fluid pressurization rate rather than injection pressure. Slow stick‐slip episodes (peak slip velocity < 4 μm/s) are induced by fast fluid injection rate, whereas fault creep with slip velocity < 0.4 μm/s mainly occurs in response to slow fluid injection rate. Fluid‐induced fault slip may remain mechanically stable for loading stiffness larger than fault stiffness. Independent of fault slip mode, we observed dynamic frictional weakening of the artificial fault at elevated pore pressure. Our observations highlight that varying fluid injection rates may assist in reducing potential seismic hazards of field‐scale fluid injection projects.
MIDAS: A Miniature Device for Real‐Time Determination of the Identity and Energy of Particles in Space
Authors: Lambropoulos C. P. , Potiriadis C. , Theodoratos G. , Kazas I. , Papadimitropoulos C. , Loukas D. , Glikiotis I. , Karafasoulis K. , Paschalis P. , Kοkavesis M. , Dimopoulos S. , Delakoura A. , Pappas S. , Dimovasili E. , Dimitropoulos G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Miniaturized Detector for Application in Space (MIDAS) device is developed in response to the requirement of the European Space Agency for a device whose size, power consumption, and radiation data output would increase the level of space‐flight crew autonomy regarding operational decisions related to radiation hazards. It is designed as a wristwatch‐dimension cube detector for measuring track direction and energy deposition in silicon pixels, as well as energy depositions by neutrons in a plastic scintillator, which is the core of the cube. Miniaturization was achieved by using fully depleted silicon pixel detectors with the signal processing electronics residing on pixel. The device concept, simulated performance, and first measurements are presented. Simulation results indicate that it is possible to discriminate all significant ions with the aid of appropriate variables constructed using the data provided by the device. 252Cf energy spectra were reconstructed successfully using measurements obtained with the first device prototype.
A novel antifibrotic strategy utilizing conditioned media obtained from miR-150-transfected adipose-derived stem cells: validation of an animal model of liver fibrosis
Authors: Paik Kwang Yeol , Kim Kee-Hwan , Park Jung Hyun , Lee Jae Im , Kim Ok-Hee , Hong Ha-Eun , Seo Haeyeon , Choi Ho Joong , Ahn Joseph , Lee Tae Yun , Kim Say-June 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe limitations of stem cells have led researchers to investigate the secretome, which is the secretory materials in stem cells, since the principal mechanism of action of stem cells is mediated by the secretome. In this study, we determined the antifibrotic potential of the secretome released from miR-150-transfected adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs). The secretome released from ASCs that were transfected with antifibrotic miR-150 was obtained (referred to as the miR-150 secretome). To validate the antifibrotic effects of the miR-150 secretome, we generated in vitro and in vivo models of liver fibrosis by treating human hepatic stellate cells (LX2 cells) with thioacetamide (TAA) and subcutaneous injection of TAA into mice, respectively. In the in vitro model, more significant reductions in the expression of fibrosis-related markers, such as TGFβ, Col1A1, and α-SMA, were observed by using the miR-150 secretome than the control secretome, specifically in TAA-treated LX2 cells. In the in vivo model, infusion of the miR-150 secretome into mice with liver fibrosis abrogated the increase in serum levels of systemic inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, and induced increased expression of antifibrotic, proliferation, and antioxidant activity markers in the liver. Our in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that the miR-150 secretome is superior to the naive secretome in terms of ameliorating liver fibrosis, minimizing systemic inflammatory responses, and promoting antioxidant enzyme expression. Therefore, we conclude that miR-150 transfection into ASCs has the potential to induce the release of secretory materials with enhanced antifibrotic, proliferative, and antioxidant properties.
PTGES/PGE2 signaling links immunosuppression and lung metastasis in Gprc5a-knockout mouse model
Authors: Wang Tong , Jing Bo , Xu Dongliang , Liao Yueling , Song Hongyong , Sun Beibei , Guo Wenzheng , Xu Jianhua , Li Kaimi , Hu Min , Liu Shuli , Ling Jing , Kuang Yanbin , Zhang Tuo , Zhang Siwei , Yao Feng , Zhou Binhua P. , Deng Jiong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractChronic inflammation has been linked to promotion of tumorigenesis and metastasis in lung. However, due to lack of a relevant animal model for characterization, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Lung tumor suppressor gene Gprc5a-knockout (ko) mice are susceptible to lung inflammation, tumorigenesis and metastasis, which resembles the pathological features in human patients. Here, we showed that PTGES/PGE2 signaling was highly associated with lung tumorigenesis and metastasis in Gprc5a-ko mice. Interestingly, Ptges-knockout in mouse lung tumor cells, although reduced their stemness and EMT-like features, still formed tumors and lung metastasis in immune-deficient nude mice, but not in immune-competent mice. This suggests that the major role of PTGES/PGE2 signaling in tumorigenicity and lung metastasis is through immunosuppression. Mechanistically, PTGES/PGE2 signaling intrinsically endows tumor cells resistant to T-cell cytotoxicity, and induces cytokines extrinsically for MDSC recruitment, which is crucial for suppression of T-cell immunity. Importantly, targeting PGE2 signaling in Gprc5a-ko mice by PTGES inhibitor suppressed MDSC recruitment, restored T cells, and significantly repressed lung metastasis. Thus, PTGES/PGE2 signaling links immunosuppression and metastasis in an inflammatory lung microenvironment of Gprc5a-ko mouse model.
PET imaging shows no changes in TSPO brain density after IFN-α immune challenge in healthy human volunteers
Authors: Nettis M. A. , Veronese M. , Nikkheslat N. , Mariani N. , Lombardo G. , Sforzini L. , Enache D. , Harrison N. A. , Turkheimer F. E. , Mondelli V. , Pariante C. M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDepression is associated with peripheral inflammation, but its link with brain microglial activity remains unclear. In seven healthy males, we used repeated translocator protein-Positron Emission Tomography (TSPO-PET) dynamic scans with [11C]PBR28 to image brain microglial activation before and 24 h after the immune challenge interferon (IFN)-α. We also investigated the association between changes in peripheral inflammation, changes in microglial activity, and changes in mood. IFN-α administration decreased [11C]PBR28 PET tissue volume of distribution (Vt) across the brain (−20 ± 4%; t6 = 4.1, p = 0.01), but after correction for radioligand free-plasma fraction there were no longer any changes (+23 ± 31%; t = 0.1, p = 0.91). IFN-α increased serum IL-6 (1826 ± 513%, t6 = −7.5, p < 0.001), IL-7 (39 ± 12%, t6 = −3.6, p = 0.01), IL-10 (328 ± 48%, t6 = −12.8, p < 0.001), and IFN-γ (272 ± 64%, t6 = −7.0, p < 0.001) at 4–6 h, and increased serum TNF-α (49 ± 7.6%, t6 = −7.5, p < 0.001), IL-8 (39 ± 12%, t6 = −3.5, p = 0.013), and C-reactive protein (1320 ± 459%, t6 = −7.2, p < 0.001) at 24 h. IFN-α induced temporary mood changes and sickness symptoms after 4–6 h, measured as an increase in POMS-2 total mood score, confusion and fatigue, and a decrease in vigor and friendliness (all p ≤ 0.04). No association was found between changes in peripheral inflammation and changes in PET or mood measures. Our work suggests that brain TSPO-PET signal is highly dependent of inflammation-induced changes in ligand binding to plasma proteins. This limits its usefulness as a sensitive marker of neuroinflammation and consequently, data interpretation. Thus, our results can be interpreted as showing either that [11C]PBR28 is not sensitive enough under these conditions, or that there is simply no microglial activation in this model.
Minimal barriers to invasion during human colorectal tumor growth
Authors: Ryser Marc D. , Mallo Diego , Hall Allison , Hardman Timothy , King Lorraine M. , Tatishchev Sergei , Sorribes Inmaculada C. , Maley Carlo C. , Marks Jeffrey R. , Hwang E. Shelley , Shibata Darryl 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) could represent clonal evolution where subclones with greater fitness confer more malignant phenotypes and invasion constitutes an evolutionary bottleneck. Alternatively, ITH could represent branching evolution with invasion of multiple subclones. The two models respectively predict a hierarchy of subclones arranged by phenotype, or multiple subclones with shared phenotypes. We delineate these modes of invasion by merging ancestral, topographic, and phenotypic information from 12 human colorectal tumors (11 carcinomas, 1 adenoma) obtained through saturation microdissection of 325 small tumor regions. The majority of subclones (29/46, 60%) share superficial and invasive phenotypes. Of 11 carcinomas, 9 show evidence of multiclonal invasion, and invasive and metastatic subclones arise early along the ancestral trees. Early multiclonal invasion in the majority of these tumors indicates the expansion of co-evolving subclones with similar malignant potential in absence of late bottlenecks and suggests that barriers to invasion are minimal during colorectal cancer growth.
Global consumption and international trade in deforestation-associated commodities could influence malaria risk
Authors: Chaves Leonardo Suveges Moreira , Fry Jacob , Malik Arunima , Geschke Arne , Sallum Maria Anice Mureb , Lenzen Manfred 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeforestation can increase the transmission of malaria. Here, we build upon the existing link between malaria risk and deforestation by investigating how the global demand for commodities that increase deforestation can also increase malaria risk. We use a database of trade relationships to link the consumption of deforestation-implicated commodities in developed countries to estimates of country-level malaria risk in developing countries. We estimate that about 20% of the malaria risk in deforestation hotspots is driven by the international trade of deforestation-implicated export commodities, such as timber, wood products, tobacco, cocoa, coffee and cotton. By linking malaria risk to final consumers of commodities, we contribute information to support demand-side policy measures to complement existing malaria control interventions, with co-benefits for reducing deforestation and forest disturbance.
The X-linked trichothiodystrophy-causing gene RNF113A links the spliceosome to cell survival upon DNA damage
Authors: Shostak Kateryna , Jiang Zheshen , Charloteaux Benoit , Mayer Alice , Habraken Yvette , Tharun Lars , Klein Sebastian , Xu Xinyi , Duong Hong Quan , Vislovukh Andrii , Close Pierre , Florin Alexandra , Rambow Florian , Marine Jean-Christophe , Büttner Reinhard , Chariot Alain 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProlonged cell survival occurs through the expression of specific protein isoforms generated by alternate splicing of mRNA precursors in cancer cells. How alternate splicing regulates tumor development and resistance to targeted therapies in cancer remain poorly understood. Here we show that RNF113A, whose loss-of-function causes the X-linked trichothiodystrophy, is overexpressed in lung cancer and protects from Cisplatin-dependent cell death. RNF113A is a RNA-binding protein which regulates the splicing of multiple candidates involved in cell survival. RNF113A deficiency triggers cell death upon DNA damage through multiple mechanisms, including apoptosis via the destabilization of the prosurvival protein MCL-1, ferroptosis due to enhanced SAT1 expression, and increased production of ROS due to altered Noxa1 expression. RNF113A deficiency circumvents the resistance to Cisplatin and to BCL-2 inhibitors through the destabilization of MCL-1, which thus defines spliceosome inhibitors as a therapeutic approach to treat tumors showing acquired resistance to specific drugs due to MCL-1 stabilization.
A critical role of PRDM14 in human primordial germ cell fate revealed by inducible degrons
Authors: Sybirna Anastasiya , Tang Walfred W. C. , Pierson Smela Merrick , Dietmann Sabine , Gruhn Wolfram H. , Brosh Ran , Surani M. Azim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPRDM14 is a crucial regulator of mouse primordial germ cells (mPGCs), epigenetic reprogramming and pluripotency, but its role in the evolutionarily divergent regulatory network of human PGCs (hPGCs) remains unclear. Besides, a previous knockdown study indicated that PRDM14 might be dispensable for human germ cell fate. Here, we decided to use inducible degrons for a more rapid and comprehensive PRDM14 depletion. We show that PRDM14 loss results in significantly reduced specification efficiency and an aberrant transcriptome of hPGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) obtained in vitro from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcriptomic analyses suggest that PRDM14 cooperates with TFAP2C and BLIMP1 to upregulate germ cell and pluripotency genes, while repressing WNT signalling and somatic markers. Notably, PRDM14 targets are not conserved between mouse and human, emphasising the divergent molecular mechanisms of PGC specification. The effectiveness of degrons for acute protein depletion is widely applicable in various developmental contexts.
Multiplexed CRISPR technologies for gene editing and transcriptional regulation
Authors: McCarty Nicholas S. , Graham Alicia E. , Studená Lucie , Ledesma-Amaro Rodrigo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMultiplexed CRISPR technologies, in which numerous gRNAs or Cas enzymes are expressed at once, have facilitated powerful biological engineering applications, vastly enhancing the scope and efficiencies of genetic editing and transcriptional regulation. In this review, we discuss multiplexed CRISPR technologies and describe methods for the assembly, expression and processing of synthetic guide RNA arrays in vivo. Applications that benefit from multiplexed CRISPR technologies, including cellular recorders, genetic circuits, biosensors, combinatorial genetic perturbations, large-scale genome engineering and the rewiring of metabolic pathways, are highlighted. We also offer a glimpse of emerging challenges and emphasize experimental considerations for future studies.
Ruthenium anchored on carbon nanotube electrocatalyst for hydrogen production with enhanced Faradaic efficiency
Authors: Kweon Do Hyung , Okyay Mahmut Sait , Kim Seok-Jin , Jeon Jong-Pil , Noh Hyuk-Jun , Park Noejung , Mahmood Javeed , Baek Jong-Beom 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeveloping efficient and stable electrocatalysts is crucial for the electrochemical production of pure and clean hydrogen. For practical applications, an economical and facile method of producing catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is essential. Here, we report ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles uniformly deposited on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as an efficient HER catalyst. The catalyst exhibits the small overpotentials of 13 and 17 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2 in 0.5 M aq. H2SO4 and 1.0 M aq. KOH, respectively, surpassing the commercial Pt/C (16 mV and 33 mV). Moreover, the catalyst has excellent stability in both media, showing almost “zeroloss” during cycling. In a real device, the catalyst produces 15.4% more hydrogen per power consumed, and shows a higher Faradaic efficiency (92.28%) than the benchmark Pt/C (85.97%). Density functional theory calculations suggest that Ru–C bonding is the most plausible active site for the HER.
Design of AIEgens for near-infrared IIb imaging through structural modulation at molecular and morphological levels
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Cai Zhaochong , Liu Shunjie , Zhang Haoke , Wong Sherman T. H. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Qian Jun , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFluorescence imaging in near-infrared IIb (NIR-IIb, 1500–1700 nm) spectrum holds a great promise for tissue imaging. While few inorganic NIR-IIb fluorescent probes have been reported, their organic counterparts are still rarely developed, possibly due to the shortage of efficient materials with long emission wavelength. Herein, we propose a molecular design philosophy to explore pure organic NIR-IIb fluorophores by manipulation of the effects of twisted intramolecular charge transfer and aggregation-induced emission at the molecular and morphological levels. An organic fluorescent dye emitting up to 1600 nm with a quantum yield of 11.5% in the NIR-II region is developed. NIR-IIb fluorescence imaging of blood vessels and deeply-located intestinal tract of live mice based on organic dyes is achieved with high clarity and enhanced signal-to-background ratio. We hope this study will inspire further development on the evolution of pure organic NIR-IIb dyes for bio-imaging.
Partitioning of diet between species and life history stages of sympatric and cryptic snappers (Lutjanidae) based on DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Takahashi Miwa , DiBattista Joseph D. , Jarman Simon , Newman Stephen J. , Wakefield Corey B. , Harvey Euan S. , Bunce Michael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLutjanus erythropterusandL. malabaricusare sympatric, sister taxa that are important to fisheries throughout the Indo-Pacific. Their juveniles are morphologically indistinguishable (i.e. cryptic). A DNA metabarcoding dietary study was undertaken to assess the diet composition and partitioning between the juvenile and adult life history stages of these two lutjanids. Major prey taxa were comprised of teleosts and crustaceans for all groups except adultL. erythropterus, which instead consumed soft bodied invertebrates (e.g. tunicates, comb jellies and medusae) as well as teleosts, with crustaceans being notably absent. Diet composition was significantly different among life history stages and species, which may be associated with niche habitat partitioning or differences in mouth morphology within adult life stages. This study provides the first evidence of diet partitioning between cryptic juveniles of overlapping lutjanid species, thus providing new insights into the ecological interactions, habitat associations, and the specialised adaptations required for the coexistence of closely related species. This study has improved our understanding of the differential contributions of the juvenile and adult diets of these sympatric species within food webs. The diet partitioning reported in this study was only revealed by the taxonomic resolution provided by the DNA metabarcoding approach and highlights the potential utility of this method to refine the dietary components of reef fishes more generally.
Comparison of the ocular microbiome between chronic Stevens-Johnson syndrome patients and healthy subjects
Authors: Kittipibul Thanachaporn , Puangsricharern Vilavun , Chatsuwan Tanittha 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStevens - Johnson syndrome (SJS) has manifestation through the exfoliation of epidermis and mucosal tissue. Ocular surface is usually affected in acute and chronic stage. The patients are usually suffered from chronic ocular sequelae including symblepharon, limbal stem cell deficiency, etc. Furthermore, ocular microbiome may also be altered in SJS. This is prospective, age and sex matched analytical study which including 20 chronic SJS patients and 20 healthy subjects for specimen collection from inferior conjunctiva for microbiome analysis by conventional cultures and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) methods. Significant higher proportion of positive-cultured specimen was demonstrated in SJS group (SJS group 60%, healthy 10%, p-value = 0.001). In addition, NGS which providing high-throughput sequencing has demonstrated the greater diversity of microbial species. The higher proportion of pathogenic microorganisms including Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp. was shown in SJS group. Ocular surface in SJS is usually occupied by more diverse microorganisms with increased proportion of pathogenic species. This condition may affect chronic inflammation and opportunistic infections in SJS group. In order to prevent and treat infection in these patients, appropriate antibiotics based on bacterial examination should be considered as the first-line treatment in the SJS patients.