bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loneliness in pregnant and postpartum people and parents of children aged five years or younger: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Kent-Marvick Jacqueline , Simonsen Sara , Pentecost Ryoko , McFarland Mary M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The experience of loneliness during pregnancy and in new parenthood has not been targeted and developed as a program of research, despite evidence indicating that the incidence of loneliness is highest in those aged 16 to 24, and that loneliness rises during transitional periods. The scarcity of parenthood-loneliness inquiries leaves a gap in our understanding of new parenthood and its effects on the health and well-being of parents and their children. Here, a scoping review protocol will be presented to address this gap. The objective of this study will be to summarize the current knowledge on loneliness experienced during pregnancy and by parents during the postpartum period through the first five years of the child’s life.Methods A scoping review protocol was designed following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We will include all types of literature in English, including all study designs, reviews, opinion articles, dissertations, reports, books, and grey literature. To be considered for inclusion, sources should focus on loneliness in pregnant persons, postpartum people, and parents of children five years or younger. We will search the following electronic databases (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Dissertations & Theses Global, Sociological Abstracts, Scopus, and Web of Science. Grey literature will be identified searching the British governmental website gov.uk, the Jo Cox Commission on Loneliness, the Campaign to End Loneliness, and the British Red Cross’s Action on Loneliness websites. Two reviewers, working independently of each other, will screen the titles and abstracts of the articles returned by the searches, then screen the selected full-text articles, and extract data. A third reviewer will cast the deciding vote in case no consensus is reached. Results will be given in narrative form, mapped, and illustrated.Discussion This scoping review will capture the state of the current literature on loneliness in pregnancy and new parenthood. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. We anticipate that the study will identify gaps and make recommendations for future areas of study and related interventions. The protocol is available on Open Science Framework at DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/BFVPZ.
Factors associated with changes in adequate antenatal care visits among pregnant women aged 15-49 years in Tanzania from 2004 to 2016.
Authors: KASAGAMA ELIZABETH , Todd Jim , Renju Jenny 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is crucial for the health of the mother and the unborn child as it delivers highly–effective health interventions that can prevent maternal and newborn deaths and morbidity. In 2002, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended a minimum of four ANC visits for a pregnant woman with a positive pregnancy during the entire gestational period. Tanzania has sub-optimal adequate (four or more) ANC visits and the trend has been fluctuating over time. An understanding on the factors that have been contributing to the fluctuating trend over years is crucial in increasing the proportions of pregnant women attaining adequate ANC visits in Tanzania.Methods: The study used secondary data from Tanzania Demographic Health Survey (TDHS) from 2004 to 2016. The study included 17976 women aged 15-49 years. Data were analyzed using stata version 13. Categorical and continuous variables were summarized using descriptive statistics and using the weighted proportions. A Poisson regression analysis was done to determine factors associated with adequate antenatal. A multivariable Poisson decomposition analysis was done to determine factors associated with changes in adequate ANC visits among pregnant women in Tanzania from 2004 to 2016.Results: The overall proportion of women who had adequate ANC visits in 2004/05, 2010 and 2015/16 was 62%, 43% and 51% respectively. The identified determinants of adequate ANC visits were: early ANC initiation, zones, having more than one child, being aged 20 years and above, wanting pregnancy later, belonging to a richer and richest wealth quintile, having secondary and higher education, reporting distance to health facility not a big problem and watching TV at least once per week. Comparing 2004/05 and 2010 surveys, changes in the population structure contributed 4.2% of changes in adequate antenatal care visits while changes in coefficients contributed 95.8% of the changes. Also, comparing 2015/16 to 2010 surveys, changes in population structure and coefficients contributed 66.2% and 33.8% respectively. Conclusion: Early ANC initiation has greatly contributed to increased proportion of pregnant women who attain four or more ANC visits overtime. More effort should focus on pregnant women to initiate ANC in the first trimester in order to increase proportion of women with adequate ANC visit.
Community Engagement and Building Trust to Resolve Ethical Challenges during Humanitarian Crises: Experience from the CAGED Study
Authors: Yimer Getnet , Gebreyes Wondwossen , Havelaar Arie , Yousuf Jemal , McKune Sarah , Mohammed Abdulmuen , O’Mathúna Dónal 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background According to the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre report on global human displacement, Ethiopia has the highest number of newly displaced people forced to flee their homes. Displaced people have arrived in other regions, sometimes leading to conflict. Several regions in Ethiopia experience on-going ethnic tensions and violence between tribes, which leaves smallholder farmers suspicious of any outside activities in their locale, assuming other ethnic groups may harm them. Changes in the central Ethiopian government have also led to suspicion of non-local agencies. The Campylobacter Genomics and Enteric Dysfunction (CAGED) research project’s objective is to improve the incomes, livelihoods and nutrition of smallholder farmers and was conducted during this period of increasing violence. The project aims to assess the impact of reducing exposure to chicken excreta on young children’s gut health and growth. This paper does not report empirical findings from CAGED, but is part of a series that aims to identify challenges in humanitarian research and reports on mitigation strategies during this research. Discussion This research is important to determine whether Campylobacter infection in chicken’s contributes to illness and stunting in children. However, violence against other researchers in different parts of Ethiopia led to mistrust and lack of engagement by the community with the researchers. Some reactions were so hostile that the team was fearful about returning to some households. As a result, the team designed strategies to respond, including establishing two types of community advisory boards. One used pre-existing village elder structures and another was composed of village youth. Data collection team members received training in principles of ethics, consent, and crisis management, and were provided on-going support from local and international principal investigators and the study’s ethics advisor.Conclusion The hostility and mistrust led to fear among the data collectors. These and the resulting strategies to address them resulted in delays for the research. However, the interventions taken resulted in successful completion of the field activities. Moreover, the lessons learned from this project are already being implemented with other projects being conducted in various parts of Ethiopia.
The Impact of Writing on Academic Performance for Medical Students
Authors: Kim Songeui , Yang Ji Won , Lim Jaeseo , Lee Seunghee , Ihm Jungjoon , Park Jooyong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Since the 1970s, writing has been widely used in classroom settings. Writing enhances learning, but there are limited studies that prove its effectiveness, especially in the medical education setting. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to investigate the effect of writing on medical students’ academic performance.

Methods

An experiment was conducted with 139 medical students from Seoul National University College of Medicine. They were randomly assigned to three study conditions: self-study (SS), expository writing (EW), and argumentative writing (AW). Each group studied the given material by the method they were assigned, and they were tested on their understanding and transfer of knowledge.

Results

The results showed that the two writing groups displayed better performance than the SS group in transfer type items, while there was no difference in scores between the EW and AW group. However, the three groups showed no significant difference in their scores for rote-memory type items . Also, there was a positive correlation between writing score and transfer type items in the AW group.

Conclusions

This study provides empirical evidence for writing to be adopted in medical education for greater educational benefits. Our findings indicate that writing can enhance learning and higher-order thinking, which are critical for medical students.
What is the impact of rural-to-urban migration on exclusive breastfeeding: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Yin Xiaohan , Zhao Chen , Yang YuMei , Shi HuiFeng , Wu TianChen , Xie JiaLei , Niu JieQiong , Wang XiaoLi , Fang Jin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Breastfeeding is a well-established and recommended intervention for better development of infants. In China, less than one third of infants under 6 months of age are being exclusively breastfed. Maternal rural-to-urban migration contributes to these low rates of breastfeeding practices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of breastfeeding practices and associated factors among rural-to-urban migrant children and local children with infants aged 0-12 months in China, 2018.Methods: Data were collected from a population-based cross-sectional survey in 2018 that included 6995 infants from 8 urban areas (4 metropolis and 4 medium sized/small cities) in China with available measures of breastfeeding. The prevalence of breastfeeding practices was calculated by maternal migrant status and logistic regression was conducted to examine the association between the prevalence of breastfeeding practices and maternal migrant status, after adjusting for social-demographic characteristics, mother-infant health information and supportive information. For exclusive breastfeeding, we calculated the prevalence and its association with maternal rural-to-urban migration, stratified by maternal education level, maternal resident place and maternal ethnicity, respectively. Results: The overall prevalence of ever breastfeeding, predominant breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and age-appropriate breastfeeding (exclusive breastfeeding of infants under 6 months of age and complementary feeding from 6 to 12 months of age) was 97.51%, 29.84%, 59.89% and 45.07%, respectively. Rural-to-urban migrant children were less likely to be exclusively breastfed compared to local children (AOR=0.81, 95% CI 0.68, 0.95). Stratified by different social-demographic variables, a negative association between exclusive breastfeeding and rural-to-urban migration was only found in the group with high education level, in the group living in metropolis and in the group of minorities, respectively. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of breastfeeding practices was low in both rural-to-urban migrant children and local children. Besides common strategies, special approaches should be provided for migrants with high education, living in metropolis and being minorities.
Control of Panama disease of banana by intercropping with Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler): cultivar differences
Authors: Li Zhen-Fang , Wang Tong , He Chenling , Cheng Kelin , Zeng Rensen , Song Yuanyuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Panama disease (Fusarium wilt disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FOC) severely threatens banana (Musa spp.) production worldwide. Intercropping of banana with Allium plants has shown a potential to reduce Panama disease. In this study, six cultivars of Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) were selected to compare their differences in antifungal activity and active compounds. Three cultivars Duokang Fujiu 11, Fujiuhuang 2, and Duokang Sijiqing with higher levels of antifungal compounds were further used for intercropping with banana in the pots and field to compare their effects on growth and disease incidence of banana. The six cultivars showed significant differences in antifungal activity against FOC mycelia growth in both leaf volatiles and aqueous leachates. The aqueous leachates displayed stronger antifungal activity than the volatiles. FJH cultivar showed the best inhibitory effect among all six cultivars. Contents of three main antifungal compounds dipropyl trisulfide (DPT), dimethyl trisulfide (DMT), and 2-methyl-2-pentenal (MP) in volatiles and aqueous leachates varied considerably among cultivars. Pot and field experiments showed that intercropping with three selected Chinese chive cultivars significantly improved banana vegetative growth, increased photosynthetic characteristics and yield but decreased disease incidence of Panama disease.Our results indicate that intercropping with Chinese chive shows potential to reduce banana Panama disease and selection of appropriate cultivars is vital for effective disease control.
Genomic profile of MYCN non-amplified neuroblastoma and potential for immunotherapeutic strategies in neuroblastoma
Authors: Lee Eunjin , Lee Ji Won , Lee Boram , Park Kyunghee , Shim Joonho , Yoo Keon Hee , Koo Hong Hoe , Sung Ki Woong , Park Woong-Yang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: MYCN amplification is the most important genomic feature in neuroblastoma (NB). However, limited studies have been conducted on the MYCN non-amplified NB including low- and intermediate-risk NB. Here, the genomic characteristics of MYCN non-amplified NB were studied to allow for the identification of biomarkers for molecular stratification.Results: Fifty-eight whole exome sequencing (WES) and 48 whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS) samples of MYCN non-amplified NB were analysed. Forty-one patients harboured WES and WTS pairs. In the MYCN non-amplified NB WES data, maximum recurrent mutations were found in MUC4 (26%), followed by RBMXL3 (19%), ALB (17%), and MUC16 and SEPD8 (14% each). Two gene fusions, CCDC32-CBX3 (10%) and SAMD5-SASH1 (6%), were recurrent in WTS analysis, and these fusions were detected mostly in non-high-risk patients with ganglioneuroblastoma histology. Analysis of risk-group-specific biomarkers showed that several genes and gene sets were differentially expressed between the risk groups, and some immune-related pathways tended to be activated in the high-risk group. Mutational signatures 6 and 18, which represent DNA mismatch repair (MMR) associated mutations, were commonly detected in 60% of the patients. In the tumour mutation burden (TMB) analysis, four patients showed high TMB (> 3 mutations/Mb), and had mutations in genes related to either MMR or homologous recombination. Excluding four outlier samples with TMB > 3 Mb, high-risk patients had significantly higher levels of TMB compared with the non-high-risk patients.Conclusions: This study provides novel insights into the genomic background of MYCN non-amplified NB. Activation of immune-related pathways in the high-risk group and the results of TMB and mutational signature analyses collectively suggest the need for further investigation to discover potential immunotherapeutic strategies for NB.
Meta-Analysis of Association between CT-based Features and Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yin Qifan , Wang Huien , Cui Hongshang , Wang Wenhao , Yang Guang , Qie Peng , Xun Xuejiao , Han Shaohui , Liu Huining 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective：Spread through air space (STAS) is a novel invasive pattern of lung adenocarcinoma and is also a risk factor for recurrence and worse prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma after sublobar resection. The aims of this study are to evaluate the association between computed tomography (CT)-based features and STAS for preoperative prediction of STAS in lung adenocarcinoma, eventually, which could help us choose appropriate surgical type. Methods：Systematic research was conducted to search for studies published before September 1, 2019. The association between CT-based features of radiological tumor size＞2cm、pure solid nodule、 part-solid nodule or Percentage of solid component(PSC)＞50% and STAS was evaluated. According to rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eight studies including 2,385 patients published between 2015 and 2018 were finally enrolled in our meta-analysis.Results：Our results clearly depicted that there is no significant relationship between radiological tumor size＞2cm and STAS with the combined OR of 1.47(95% CI:0.86-2.51). Meta-analysis of 3 studies showed that pure solid nodule in CT image were more likely to spread through air spaces with pooled OR of 3.10(95%CI2.17-4.43). Meta-analysis of 5 studies revealed the part-solid nodule in CT image may be more likely to appear STAS in adenocarcinoma (ADC) (combined OR:3.10,95%CI:2.17-4.43). PSC＞50% in CT image was a significant independent predictor in the diagnosis of STAS in ADC from our meta-analysis with combined OR of 2.95(95%CI:1.88-4.63).Conclusion：In conclusion, The CT-based features of pure solid nodule、part-solid nodule、PSC＞50% are promising imaging biomarkers for predicting STAS in ADC and may substantially influence the choice of surgical type. In future, more studies with well-designed and large-scale are needed to confirm the conclusion.
Video-Based Interviewing in Medicine: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Selvam Rajajee , Hu Richard , Musselman Reilly , Raiche Isabelle , Moloo Husein 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Careers in healthcare involve an extensive interview process as transitions are made from one level of training to the next. For physicians, interviews mark the gateway from entrance into medical school, acceptance into residency, fellowships, and subsequent job opportunities. Previous literature outlining the costs associated with face-to-face interviews and concerns regarding the climate crisis has triggered an interest in video-based interviews. Barriers to transitioning away from in person interviews include concerns regarding lack of rapport between applicants and interviewers, and applicants being less able to represent themselves. In a new era ushered in by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) where many of us have utilized virtual meetings more than any prior time both personally and for work, we wanted to consolidate the current literature on the use of video-based interviews in healthcare and summarize the findings. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted to explore the benefits and limitations of video-based interviews for both applicants and interviewers within healthcare fields, as well as the perceived barriers associated with transitioning away from face-to-face interviews. The scoping review methodology outlined by Arksey and O’Malley will be implemented. The search strategy developed by the authors in collaboration with an academic health sciences librarian will be conducted across four electronic databases (Embase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Central, and PsycInfo) from 1947 to March 30, 2020 and supplemented by review of the grey literature and reference lists of included studies. The study selection process will be documented in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and reasons for exclusion following full text review will be recorded. The extracted data will be analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis. The protocol for this scoping review has been registered in Open Science Framework. Discussion: Despite previous literature on the costs associated with face-to-face interviews, there has been hesitancy with transitioning to video-based interviews due to concerns of lack of rapport between applicants and interviewers, and applicants being less able to represent themselves. While these limitations have been explored in previous studies, a succinct review of the current literature to guide effective restructuring of the interview process is lacking. With our scoping review, we hope to fill this gap in the literature to better understand barriers to transitioning from face-to-face interviews and directions for future research.
Research on Underground Location Algorithm Based on Random Forest and Environmental Factor Compensation
Authors: Qiao Xin , Chang Fei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of poor location accuracy caused by the harsh and complex underground environment, long strip roadway, limited wireless transmission and sparse anchor nodes, an underground location algorithm based on random forest and environmental factors compensation is proposed. Firstly, the network model of underground wireless access point (AP) and tunnel environment are analyzed, and the fingerprint location algorithm is constructed. And then the Received Signal Strength (RSS) is analyzed by Kalman Filter algorithm in the offline sampling and real-time positioning stage. Meanwhile, the target speed constraint condition is introduced to reduce the error caused by environmental factors. The experimental results show that the algorithm proposed solves the problem of insufficient location accuracy and large fluctuation affected by environment when the anchor nodes are sparse. At the same time, the average location accuracy reaches three meters, which can satisfy the application of underground rescue, activity track playback, disaster monitoring and positioning. It has high application value in complex underground environment.
Mapping the prevalence of the neglected sexual side effects after prostate cancer treatment and the questionnaires used in their screening: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Roscher Pierre , Wyk Jacqueline M Van 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Interventions to treat early prostate cancer (PCa) can leave men with debilitating sexual side effects. The cluster of side effects referred to as the neglected sexual side effects (NSSE) may remain permanent, undiagnosed and untreated because men are hesitant to disclose them. Questionnaires offer a discreet way into the discussion, subsequent diagnosis and possible treatment of the NSSE. This study will be conducted to map the evidence about the prevalence of the neglected sexual side effects (NSSE) after PCa treatment, and use of questionnaires in its diagnosis and screening. Methods: This systematic scoping review will involve searching the following electronic databases: PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Following title searching, two-independent reviewers will conduct screening of abstracts and full articles. Eligibility criteria will guide the screenings. Data will be extracted from the included studies, and the emerging themes will be analysed. The review team will analyse the implications of the findings concerning the research question and aim of the study. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) will be employed for quality appraisal of included studies.Discussion: We anticipate finding a number of studies that describe the prevalence of NSSE after early PCa treatment and that report on using questionnaires to screen for the presence of symptoms including orgasm-associated incontinence, urinary incontinence during sexual stimulation, altered perceptions of orgasm, orgasm associated pain, penile shortening, and penile deformity. The study findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal, peer presentations, as well as presentations at relevant conferences.