bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an Android application for viewing Covid-19 containment zones and monitoring violators who are trespassing into it using Firebase and Geofencing
Authors: Mallik Ranajoy , Hazarika Amlan Protim , Ghosh Sudarshana , Sing Dilip , Bandyopadhyay Rajib 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19 as pandemic across the world. With its alarming surge of affected cases throughout the world, lockdown and awareness (social distancing, use of masks etc) among people are found to be the only means for restricting the community transmission. In a densely populated country like India, it is very difficult to prevent the community transmission even during lockdown without social awareness and precautionary measures taken by the people. Recently, several containment zones had been identified throughout the country and divided into red, orange and green zones, respectively. The red zones indicate the infection hotspots, orange zones denote some infection and green zones indicate an area with no infection.This paper mainly focuses on development of an Android application which can inform people of the COVID-19 containment zones and prevent trespassing into these zones. This Android application updates the locations of the areas in a Google map which are identified to be the containment zones. The application also notifies the users if they have entered a containment zone and uploads the user’s IMEI number to the online database. With this IMEI number, the police can keep an eye on the people who are frequently violating the lockdown rules. To achieve all these functionalities, many tools and APIs from Google like Firebase and Geofence are used in this app. Therefore, this application can be used as a tool for creating further social awareness about the arising need of precautionary measures to be taken by the people of India.
Koronavirüs Pandemisi ve Türkiye’nin Bazı Şifalı Bitkileri
Authors: ŞEKEROĞLU Nazım , GEZİCİ Sevgi 
Published: May 2020

Çin'de başlayan ve pek çok ülkeye
yayılan Covid-19, ‘Koronavirüs Pandemisi’ olarak dünya çapında bütün insanlığı
tehdit eden bir salgın hastalık haline gelmiştir. Virüsün insandan insana hızlıca
bulaşması ve yüksek ölüm oranına sahip olması, standart terapi protokollerinin
geliştirilmesi ve onaylanması için acil bir ihtiyaç ortaya çıkarmıştır. Etkili
tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilebilmesi için; virüsün yapısal özellikleri,
biyolojisi ve konak hücredeki enfeksiyon mekanizmaları tam olarak bilinmelidir.
Şimdiye kadar, Kovid-19'un tam bir etkili tedavisi bilinmemekle birlikte,
olası antiviral ilaçların klinik deneme ve değerlendirmeleri devam etmektedir.

Tıbbi bitkiler glikozitler, saponinler,
flavonoidler, proantosiyanidinler, terpenoidler, fenil propanoidler, tanenler,
reçineler, lignanlar, sülfitler, polifenolikler, kumarinler, furil bileşikleri,
alkaloidler ve uçucu yağlar olmak üzere çok çeşitli aktif fitokimyasal
bileşikler ihtiva ettiklerinden dolayı pek çok hastalıkta olduğu gibi viral
kaynaklı hastalıklarda da konakçının bağışıklık sistemini güçlendirerek
antiviral etki göstermektedir. Yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı yenilebilir yabani
bitkilerin, baharatların ve bitkisel çayların çeşitli virüslere karşı güçlü antiviral
aktivite gösterdikleri dahası, bunlardan bazılarının farklı tür koronavirüs
kaynaklı hastalıklarda da kullanılma potansiyelinde olan fito-antiviral ajanlar
oldukları önceki çalışmalarda ortaya konulmuştur.

Bu derlemede ise; bağışıklık
sistemini güçlendirici, hastalıklara karşı koruyucu ve tedavi edici olarak
Türkiye’de geleneksel kullanıma sahip olan laden türleri (Cistus spp.), bazı kekik türleri (Origanum, Thymus ve Thymbra),
meyan kökü (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) ve
zeytin yaprağı (Olea europea L.)
bitki türleri ve bunlardan elde edilecek biyoaktif bileşiklerin koronavirüs
enfeksiyonları ile mücadelede bitkisel kaynaklı doğal terapötikler olarak
kullanılma potansiyelleri güncel literatür bilgileri ışığında sunulmuştur.
Proteomics and Neurodegenerative Disorders: Advancements in the Diagnostic Analysis
Authors: Puranik Nidhi , Yadav Dhananjay , Yadav Shiv Kumar , Chavda Vishal K. , Jin Jun-O 
Published: May 2020

:
Changes in protein structure and function, alteration in protein-protein interaction, and significant
difference in protein concentration inside the body could play an important role in indicating
the pathological evidence of abnormalities before the development of clinical symptoms and act as a
critical detection and diagnostic tool commonly known as biomarkers. Biomarkers play important roles
in the diagnosis of various chronic diseases, including cancer. Neurodegenerative disorders, including
Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Huntington's, prion, and multiple sclerosis, are well characterized by neuronal
deterioration, resulting in precise modifications of neuronal proteins. Nowadays, the diagnosis of
neurological disorders is based on proteins or biomarkers. These biomarkers may be found in the cerebrospinal
fluid, blood, serum, plasma, saliva, or urine sample. Early diagnosis is urgently needed to
prevent further damage. For early diagnosis, identifying the changes in novel protein levels and their
functions under the disease conditions is necessary. These can be used as specific proteomic biomarkers
for diseases, and they can be possibly identified using neuroproteomics. Neuroproteomics is an
emerging tool to corroborate disease-associated protein profiles. It also gives an idea about how these
proteins interact with other proteins and undergo post-translational modifications. Neuroproteomics is
based on bioinformatics, which provides functional characteristics and advances in technology such as
mass spectroscopy, and can help in the discovery of various disease-specific biomarkers. This review
gives a complete idea about the types of biomarkers, sources of biomarkers, and techniques involved in
the discovery of biomarkers for early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Treatment as Independent Prognostic Factors in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Egyptian Patients
Authors: Elbedewy Tamer A. , Elashtokhy Hossam Eldin A. , Abd-Elsalam Sherief , Suliman Marwa A. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Egypt is one of the highest hepatitis C virus (HCV) endemic areas. Chronic
HCV infection has extra-hepatic manifestations, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse
large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is commonly associated with HCV infection. The prognostic value
of HCV infection and HCV treatment in patients with DLBCL remains unclear until now.

Objective:
The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of HCV infection and HCV treatment as
independent prognostic factors on the event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in Egyptian
patients with HCV associated DLBCL.

Methods:
This study included 353 patients with DLBCL, collected retrospectively. While 34 patients
with HCV who received HCV antiviral therapy were collected prospectively. Patient’s characteristics
were collected from the patient records at the time of diagnosis. The status of the patients
about HCV infection and HCV treatment were also recorded. Disease progression, relapse, retreatment
or deaths were also verified through medical records. EFS and OS were calculated.

Results:
EFS and OS significantly decrease in HCV infected and HCV non-treated patients when
compared with HCV non-infected and HCV treated patients, respectively. HCV infection but not
HCV treatment was independently associated with EFS and OS using univariate and multivariate
analysis.

Conclusion:
Hepatitis C virus infection is an independent prognostic factor for EFS and OS in diffuse
large B-cell lymphoma. HCV treatment is associated with higher EFS and OS but can not be
considered as an independent prognostic factor.
Subtype Classification by Polymerase and Gag Genes of HIV-1 Iranian Sequences Registered in the NCBI GenBank
Authors: Dehghani Behzad , Hasanshahi Zahra , Hashempour Tayebeh , Kazerooni Parvin Afsar 
Published: May 2020

Background:The rate of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Iran has increased dramatically in the last few years.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the HIV subtype amongst all Iranian HIV sequences, using 8 websites.Methods:In this study, 637 sequences of polymerase, and gag genes of HIV-1 were obtained from NCBI. HIV-1 subtyping was done, using 8 reliable software.Results:The final results of the 8 online tools indicated that the majority of sequences were HIV-1 subtype CRF35 AD. However, it appeared that in some genes, a few programs could not determine specific subtypes and in some cases they described different subtypes.Conclusion:Considering the CRF35 AD diagram, it was clear that integrase was not an appropriate region to define this subtype. Also the full length of gag gene should be used for subtyping. For CRF1, AE envelop gene is a reliable region to define this subtype. Stanford software was used to determine the drug resistance prevalence and in 5.7% of the sequences, drug resistance mutations were found.
L-Cysteine Catalyzed Environmentally Benign One-pot Multicomponent Approach Towards the Synthesis of Dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole Derivatives
Authors: Sikandar Sana , Zahoor Ameer Fawad , Ahmad Sajjad , Anjum Muhammad Naveed , Ahmad Mirza Nadeem , Shah Muhammad Sami Ullah 
Published: May 2020

Background:
The pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives are important building blocks of many
biologically active compounds owing to their diverse biological potential for example, anti-inflammatory, anticancer,
anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties.

Objective:
Keeping in mind the wide range of applications of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles, herein we intended to
develop a novel synthetic methodology for dihydropyranopyrazoles. We were also interested in determining
the influence of amino acids and dipeptides as a catalyst on the synthesis of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives.

Methods:
To achieve our objectives, we used a one-pot multi-component reaction of ethyl 3-oxobutanoate,
propanedinitrile, hydrazine monohydrate and several substituted benzaldehydes by using different catalysts and
solvents to synthesize our desired products in the presence of various catalysts.

Results and Discussion:
We found that optimal conditions for the preparation of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles were
L-cysteine (0.5 mol) in the presence of water:ethanol (9:1) at 90 °C. Various 1,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-
c]pyrazoles were afforded by using several substituted benzaldehydes in 66-97% yields.

Conclusion:
We described a green and environmentally benign method to synthesize pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles in
a one-pot four component reaction of ethyl 3-oxobutanoate, propanedinitrile, hydrazine monohydrate and
different substituted benzaldehyde in the presence of L-cysteine in aqueous ethanol (9:1) at 90 oC. Excellent
yields of the products, simple work-up, easily available starting materials, use of green solvents, naturally
occurring catalyst, non-toxicity, non-chromatographic purification and environmentally benign reaction
conditions are some main advantages of this protocol.
A Review of Statistical and Machine Learning Techniques for Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sambyal Nitigya , Saini Poonam , Syal Rupali 
Published: May 2020

Background and Introduction:
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that has emerged
as a serious public health issue worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), without
interventions, the number of diabetic incidences is expected to be at least 629 million by 2045. Uncontrolled
diabetes gradually leads to progressive damage to eyes, heart, kidneys, blood vessels, and
nerves.

Methods:
The paper presents a critical review of existing statistical and Artificial Intelligence (AI)
based machine learning techniques with respect to DM complications, mainly retinopathy, neuropathy,
and nephropathy. The statistical and machine learning analytic techniques are used to structure the
subsequent content review.

Results:
It has been observed that statistical analysis can help only in inferential and descriptive analysis
whereas, AI-based machine learning models can even provide actionable prediction models for
faster and accurate diagnosis of complications associated with DM.

Conclusion:
The integration of AI-based analytics techniques, like machine learning and deep learning
in clinical medicine, will result in improved disease management through faster disease detection and
cost reduction for the treatment.
Herbal Remedies for Birth Control: An Alternative to Synthetic Hormonal Contraceptives
Authors: Dhingra Ashwani K. , Chopra Bhawna 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Both women and men wish to have control over when to become parents.
Birth control or contraception methods basically entail different types of mechanisms to avoid
pregnancy. Making choices about birth control methods is not easy since there are many types of
fertility control techniques available to avoid pregnancy.

Objective:
Several health problems are associated with females or males on the prominent use of
oral contraceptives/pills. To reduce the side effects of these pills, nature provides us with several
medicinal plants that act as good birth control pills. So this review aims to focus on the database
provided in the literature to use these medicinal plants to avoid or control the severe health problems
which directly or indirectly affect the health of the individual.

Methods:
All significant databases were collected via electronic search using PubMed, Scopus,
Web of Science and Science direct and were compiled.

Results:
Several common options include family planning through abstinence, hormonal methods
like oral contraceptives, barrier methods, etc. Apart from this, some people who do not want to have
children may opt for permanent sterilization, but these methods or pills, when taken orally, change
the hormonal balance of the individual, which leads to the other disorders. Thus, this present review
concludes the knowledgeable erudition on the natural plants acting as antifertility agents.

Conclusion:
This review article is mainly focused on the natural birth control methods to combat
pregnancy and also emphasize on various medicinal active plants being used to avoid fertility.
The Performance Analysis and Monitoring of Grid-connected Photovoltaic Power Plant
Authors: Esmaeilion Farbod , Ahmadi Abolfazl , Esmaeilion Aryan , Ehyaei Mehdi Ali 
Published: May 2020

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of a one-megawatt
photovoltaic power plant in Arak-Iran, according to IEC-61724 standard, using data recorded over
a year. The photovoltaic plant of Arak is located at coordinates 34.0954° N and 49.7013° E. This
power plant is the first-megawatt photovoltaic power plant in Iran which two types of modules are
used and it was constructed by the New Energy Agency and the Power Research Center under the
supervision of the Ministry of Energy in 2016. In this plant, a combination of monocrystal and
polycrystalline modules is used, and the annual output is 1756 MWh.

Methods:
The combination of modules is based on the 1920 modules of 250 W of polycrystalline
and 260 modules of 260 W of monocrystal in the construction of the power plant. There are also 4
inverters and a 1250 KVA dry power trans-former. The plant has suitable productivity, with a performance
ratio equal to 0.8 and a final yield of 4.57.

Results:
Ultimately the PV plant is simulated by PVsyst and the results are compared
with monitored records which indi-cated the appropriate accuracy of the collected data. The
calculated performance ratio for the power plant by PVsyst is 81.2% and has a 1.5% difference
with the monitored totals. The energy supplied during one year by the power plant is 1756 MWh,
whereas the prediction of annual energy yield that entered to the grid is equal to 1757 MWh.
Coral Reef Classification Using Improved WLD Feature Extraction with Convolution Neural Network Classification
Authors: Paul M. Asha , Rani P. Arockia Jansi , Sheela J. Evangelin Deva 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Coral reefs are one of the most oldest and dynamic ecosystems of the world. Manual
annotation of coral reef is not possible due to lacking consistency and objectivity in human labeling.

Objective:
Manual annotation consumes an enormous number of hours to annotate every coral image
and video frames as well as human resource. An emblematic survey states that more than 400 person
hours are required to annotate 1000 images. Incidentally, some coral species have different shapes,
sizes and colors, most of the corals seem indistinguishable to the human eye. In order to avoid the
contradictory classifications, an expert system that can automatically annotate the corals is essential to
improve the accuracy of classification.

Method:
The proposed improved WLD extract texture features from six combinations of
color channels like (1) R Channel, (2) G Channel (3) B Channel (4) RG Channel (5) GB
Channel and (6) BR Channel of an image in a holistic way while preserving their relations.
The extracted features are analyzed, and classified using CNN Classifier.

Results:
Experiments are carried out with EILAT, RSMAS, EILAT 2 and MLC2008 datasets
and the proposed improved WLD based coral reef classification is found to be appropriate.
From the accuracy point of view, the improved WLD demonstrate higher accuracy compared
to other state-of-the-art techniques.

Conclusion:
This paper analyzes the role of Improved WLD for feature extraction to classify
coral reefs. For this purpose EILAT, RSMAS, EILAT 2 and MLC2008 datasets have been
used. It is observed that the proposed IWLD based classifier gives promising results for coral
reef classification.
Illinois Furbearer Distribution and Income
Authors: Mohr Carl O. 
Published: May 2020

Probably about 958,000 individuals of our eight common furbearers are caught annually in Illinois, or 17 per square mile, amounting roughly to 9,400 per county. Individual fur-takers average about 37 animals each per year. Muskrats were by far the most common catch. The average annual income from the Illinois fur catch for the period beginning with the 1929-30 season and ending with the 1939-40 season (seasons of 1931-32, 1932-33 and 1933-34 omitted) amounted to about $1,067,500, or about $19 per square mile. Muskrats accounted for the greatest average annual income.
Hill Prairies of Illinois
Authors: Evers Robert A. 
Published: May 2020

Hill prairies are grasslands on pronounced slopes. Of the many hill prairies in Illinois, 61, with a combined area of more than 200 acres, were visited by the writer inthe course of this study. In Illinois, hill prairies occur on the exposed upper or brow slopes of the generally southwest- and west-facing bluffs east of the Mississippi River for most of the length of the state and on similar slopes along the Illinois River from Putnam County southward into Jersey County, where the valley of the Illinois enters the Mississippi valley. Hill prairies are present also along the Sangamon and Rock rivers. The observed flora of Illinois hill prairie was 394 species and varieties. Of these, 390 were vascular plants distributed in 209 genera and 70 families. The largest family was Compositae, with 26 genera and 71 species and varieties. Aster was the largest genus, with 12 species. Thirty species were of foreign origin.
Hybridization of Four Species of Sunfishes (Centrarchidae)
Authors: Childers William Franklin 
Published: May 2020

Red-ear sunfish, Lepomis microlophus (Gunther); bluegill, L. macrochiris Rafinesque; green sunfish, L. cyanellus Rafinesque; and warmouth, Chaenobryttus gulosus (Cuvier) are present in a number of east-central Illinois lakes and ponds and are known to hybridize occasionally. During 1957 through 1964, the spawning seasons of these species were observed to extend from mid-May to August or September. Red-ear sunfish, bluegills, and green sunfish usually nested in colonies, and mixed colonies containing two and, less frequently, all three of these species were not uncommon. Warmouths tended to be more solitary in their nest site selections. Gametes stripped from the four species were paired in 16 different combinations to produce zygotes representing 12 kinds of F1 hybrids and the four parental species. warmouth male x bluegill female and warmouth male X red-ear female crosses were 100 percent lethal, and the warmouth male x green sunfish female cross was partially lethal. Based on the percentages of zygotes that hatched and developed into normal-appearing fry, the viability of each of the remaining nine kinds of hybrids was not significantly different from that of its maternal parent.
Primary Insect Types in the Illinois Natural History Survey Collection, Exclusive of the Collembola and Thysanoptera
Authors: Webb Donald W. 
Published: May 2020

In 1927 T. H. Frison published a list of all the insect types in the collections of the Illinois Natural History Survey and the University of Illinois and the Bolter collection. This list contained 1,067 primary types. Type-specimens in the University of Illinois have subsequently been transferred to the collection of the Illinois Natural History Survey. In the past 50 years 2,113 primary types have been added to the Survey's collection, primarily through the systematic research of T. H. Frison in Plecoptera and Hymenoptera; H. H. Ross in Trichoptera, Plecoptera, Homoptera, and Hymenoptera; H. B. Mills in Collembola; and L. J. Stannard, Jr., in Thysanoptera. The acquisitions of the personal collections of J. W. Folsom in Collembola and C. A. Robertson in Hymenoptera added numerous primary types to the Survey's collections. In addition, several active workers have periodically, or occasionally, deposited their types in the Survey's permanent collection upon completion of specific revisionary studies. Recently, Gerdes (1977) and Mari Mutt (1978) have published lists of all of the types of Thysanoptera and Collembola, respectively, in the Natural History Survey collection.
In this list only primary types currently located in or on loan from the Illinois Natural History Survey collection are listed along with the original citation for each species. The literature citation for the designation of ach neotype and lectotype is also cited. To clarify the type designation within the bees of the Robertson collection, lectotype specimens have been designated by W. E. LaBerge for those species not previously designated in the literature. The genera under which the species are listed are those under which they were originally described. Where possible the sex of each type is given. The term syntype is used in the sense of Article 73c of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1964) and replaces the term cotype used by Frison (1927).
For simplicity, the within each order alphabetically, the genera are arranged alphabetically within each family, and the species are arranged alphabetically within each genus.