bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, opinions and expectations of adults concerning personalised genotype-based dietary recommendations: a German survey
Authors: Bayer Sandra , Drabsch Theresa , Schauberger Gunther , Hauner Hans , Holzapfel Christina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:To assess the knowledge, opinions and expectations of persons with and without obesity concerning personalised genotype-based nutrition.Design:Questions about nutrition, weight management and personalised genotype-based dietary recommendations were asked via standardised telephone-based interviews. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected. The data were statistically weighted by age, gender, education, domicile and BMI.Setting:Germany.Participants:Representative sample of the German population (n 1003) randomly sampled via a scientific Random Digit dial method plus 354 adults with a BMI ≥ 30·0 kg/m2 to enlarge the sample.Results:Data of 1357 participants were analysed (51·1 % female, age: 50·5 ± 18·5 years, 15·9 % adults with a BMI ≥ 30·0 kg/m2). About 42 % or 19 % of the survey participants stated to know the terms personalised dietary recommendation or genotype-based dietary recommendation, respectively. Of those, 15·8 % indicated to have an experience with a personalised or genotype-based dietary recommendation. Almost 70 % of the survey participants believed that a genotype-based dietary recommendation is a reasonable measure for weight management. About 55 % of the survey participants pointed out that a genotype-based dietary recommendation is an effective concept in general. One-third of the survey participants (34·6 %) indicated to conceive the usage of a genotype-based dietary recommendation.Conclusion:Most of the survey participants did not know the term personalised or genotype-based dietary recommendation. One-third of the study participants are interested to use a genotype-based dietary recommendation. Therefore, more education of the public is necessary to properly help people making informed and serious decisions and assessing commercially available direct-to-consumer genetic tests.
Flumioxazin soil persistence under plastic mulch and effects of pretransplant applications on strawberry
Authors: Boyd Nathan S. , Sharpe Shaun M. , Kanissery Ramdas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWeeds are managed in Florida strawberry production systems with plastic mulches, fumigants, and herbicides. There are limited post-transplant options to control weeds that emerge in the planting holes in the plastic-covered beds, but flumioxazin at 107 g ai ha−1 can be applied pretransplant under the plastic mulch to control broadleaf and grass weeds. Three research trials were conducted in Balm and Dover, FL, in 2017 and 2018 to evaluate tolerance of the strawberry cultivar ‘Radiance’ to flumioxazin rates ranging from 54 to 6,854 g ha−1 and to estimate herbicide persistence under the plastic mulch. Shoot damage was observed at 428 to 857 g ha−1 (4× and 8× the label rate, respectively), but a significant increase in the number of dead plants was not observed until the treatment rate was 857 g ha−1 at one site and 3,427 g ha−1 at a second site (8× and 32× the label rate, respectively). Berry yields were unaffected by rates lower than 857 g ha−1. Flumioxazin persisted throughout the growing season (approximately 150 d) with no reduction in soil concentration. We conclude that applied at the label rate, flumioxazin is a safe pretransplant weed management option for season-long weed control in strawberry with no yield reduction at rates below 8× the label rate. Caution is recommended for growers who plant a second crop on the same bed.
Crustal Structure of the Mesopotamian Plain, East of Iraq
Authors: Abdulnaby Wathiq , Motaghi Khalil , Shabanian Esmaeil , Mahdi Hanan , Al‐Shukri Haydar , Gök Rengin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe crustal structure of Iraq was investigated through analyzing teleseismic data from 12 new seismic stations. Three seismic stations are located within the Zagros Fold‐Thrust Belt, and nine are within the Mesopotamian Plain. Joint inversion of P wave receiver function and Rayleigh wave dispersion data were employed to resolve S wave velocity structure models beneath each station. Combining these models with available Moho depths within and around the study area reveals that the Moho depth is smoothly increasing from the Arabian platform toward the Zagros Mountains. An exceptional deeper root is observed near the eastern edge of the Mesopotamian Plain where sedimentary pile is the thickest. This root was interpreted as a structure inherited from the successive Mesozoic rifting of the NE Arabian platform enhanced by sedimentary loading and progressive subsidence. A low‐velocity uppermost mantle was observed beneath the Arabian Foredeep attesting the existence of a low‐strength lithospheric mantle beneath the region southwest from the Zagros deformation front. The weak rheology of the uppermost mantle may have allowed local sinking of the crust and deepening of the Moho boundary due to vertical loading and the Late Miocene lateral contraction.
Intrauterine inflammation induced white matter injury protection by fibrinogen-like protein 2 deficiency in perinatal mice
Authors: Zhan Di , Zhang Cai , Long Wenjun , Wei Lan , Jin Shengjuan , Du Caiqi , Li Zhuxi , Guo Shusen , Huang Lianjing , Ning Qin , Luo Xiaoping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
White matter injury (WMI) induced by intrauterine inflammation can cause adverse neurological outcomes. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2)/fibroleukin is an important trigger of inflammatory responses and is involved in some cerebral diseases. However, the role of FGL2 in intrauterine inflammation-induced WMI remains unclear.

Methods
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally injected into wild-type and FGL2 knockout mice to induce intrauterine inflammation. Body weight and brain weight of offspring were monitored. Major basic protein (MBP) expression was evaluated to demonstrate the myelination of offspring. To investigate the regulatory mechanism of FGL2, cytokine expression, microglial polarization, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in the offspring were analyzed.

Results
Upon LPS exposure, FGL2 knockout offspring showed a significant increase in body weight loss. MBP reduction induced by LPS was prevented in FGL2 knockout offspring. Expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α, and M1 marker CD86 were suppressed, while the expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and M2 marker CD206 were increased. FGL2 deficiency significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) protein.

Conclusions
FGL2 deficiency can ameliorate WMI induced by intrauterine inflammation, reducing inflammatory cascade and improving hypomyelination, through the regulation of microglial polarization and MAPK signaling pathways.

Impact

Intrauterine inflammation induces WMI leading to severe neurological sequelae. FGL2 plays an important role in the progression of WMI induced by intrauterine inflammation.

FGL2 deficiency can protect against WMI by inhibiting p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation, regulating microglia polarization, and reducing inflammation response.

FGL2 could be a novel molecular target for protecting against WMI induced by intrauterine inflammation.
Baseline IFN-γ and IL-10 expression in PBMCs could predict response to PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors in advanced melanoma patients
Authors: Giunta Emilio Francesco , Barra Giusi , De Falco Vincenzo , Argenziano Giuseppe , Napolitano Stefania , Vitale Pasquale , Zanaletti Nicoletta , Terminiello Marinella , Martinelli Erika , Morgillo Floriana , Ciardiello Davide , De Palma Raffaele , Ciardiello Fortunato , Troiani Teresa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAnti-PD-1 antibodies revolutionized the treatment of advanced melanoma patients. However, one out of three do not respond to this therapy, with an overall poor prognosis. Identification of predictive biomarkers in patients receiving immune-based therapies is necessary for minimizing risk of toxicity and optimizing patient benefit and is still an important unmet clinical need. Recently, many studies have evaluated peripheral blood markers as potential biomarkers, but none so far have been validated. We collected at baseline peripheral blood samples from 18 consecutive advanced melanoma patients treated with anti-PD-1 therapy. Main pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were studied in PBMCs from baseline blood samples both evaluating mRNA expression by qRT-PCR and identifying PBMCs subpopulations by FACS analysis. We found that IFN-γ mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in responder patients compared to non-responder ones. Moreover, to better validate its role, we evaluated the IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio. This value was higher in responder patients. FACS analysis confirmed that CD4 + IFN-γ + PBMCs percentage was higher in responders. Our data suggest an interesting correlation between IFN-γ/IL-10 ratio and response to anti-PD-1 therapy in advanced melanoma patients, suggesting a new biomarker that could be easily incorporated in clinical practice.
Education for appropriate seatbelt use required for early-phase pregnant women drivers
Authors: Hanahara Kyoko , Hitosugi Masahito , Tateoka Yumiko 
Published: October 2020

AbstractConsiderable numbers of pregnant women do not understand the correct way to use seatbelts; thus, they are inappropriately restrained when wearing seatbelts. To improve appropriate seatbelt wearing by pregnant women vehicle passengers, we examined their use by pregnant women drivers and the independent factors influencing appropriate use. We undertook a cross-sectional survey of 1,000 pregnant women in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Among 774 returned questionnaires, we analysed those of 680 pregnant women who always wore a seatbelt. The mean participant age was 31.4 ± 5.0 years and mean gestational age 26.2 ± 8.2 weeks; 97.7% of subjects always wore a seatbelt; 86.9% wore a seatbelt correctly and 13.1% incorrectly. Multivariate analysis indicated that receiving information about correct seatbelt use (odds ratio, 2.25; P < 0.005) and gestational age (odds ratio, 1.06; P < 0.001) were significant independent factors for correct seatbelt use. Providing information about correct seatbelt use during the early term is required for pregnant women to protect both the mother and fetus.
Historical trend on seed amino acid concentration does not follow protein changes in soybeans
Authors: de Borja Reis Andre Froes , Tamagno Santiago , Moro Rosso Luiz H. , Ortez Osler A. , Naeve Seth , Ciampitti Ignacio A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSoybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the most important oilseed crop for animal industry due to its high protein concentration and high relative abundance of essential and non-essential amino acids (AAs). However, the selection for high-yielding genotypes has reduced seed protein concentration over time, and little is known about its impact on AAs. The aim of this research was to determine the genetic shifts of seed composition for 18 AAs in 13 soybean genotypes released between 1980 and 2014. Additionally, we tested the effect of nitrogen (N) fertilization on protein and AAs trends. Soybean genotypes were grown in field conditions during two seasons under a control (0 N) and a N-fertilized treatment receiving 670 kg N ha−1. Seed yield increased 50% and protein decreased 1.2% comparing the oldest and newest genotypes. The application of N fertilizer did not significantly affect protein and AAs concentrations. Leucine, proline, cysteine, and tryptophan concentrations were not influenced by genotype. The other AAs concentrations showed linear rates of decrease over time ranging from − 0.021 to − 0.001 g kg−1 year−1. The shifts of 11 AAs (some essentials such as lysine, tryptophan, and threonine) displayed a relative-to-protein increasing concentration. These results provide a quantitative assessment of the trade-off between yield improvement and seed AAs concentrations and will enable future genetic yield gain without overlooking seed nutritional value.
Molecular cloning and expression characterization of flavonol synthase genes in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
Authors: Hou Mingyu , Zhang Yongjiang , Mu Guojun , Cui Shunli , Yang Xinlei , Liu Lifeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFlavonol is an important functional bioactive substance in peanut seeds, and plays important roles responding to abiotic stress. The flavonol content is closely related to the activity and regulation of gene expression patterns of flavonol synthase (FLS). In this study, eight FLS genes, AhFLSs were cloned and their expression characterization in different peanut organ and seedling under different abiotic stress were conducted. The results showed that the expressions levels of AhFLSs were differed in all assayed peanut organs and seedlings under abiotic stress treatments. Expression levels of AhFLS2, AhFLS3, AhFLS4, and AhFLS6 were higher than those of other AhFLSs. The flavonol contents of peanut organs and seedlings under different abiotic stress were also determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Dried mature peanut seeds were the organ tissue with the highest flavonol content, and flavonol content increased with seed development. Under abiotic stress treatments, the types of flavonols induced differed among stress treatments. Correlation analysis results suggested that eight AhFLS genes may have different functions in peanut. Moreover, changes in the expression of the eight genes appear to has substrate preference. These results can lay the foundation for the study of improving nutritional value of peanut seed and resistance of peanut plant.
Incorporation of V2O5 nanorods into perovskite photodetectors as an alternative approach to enhance device performance: a step towards stability against ambient water species
Authors: Besra Nripen , Sardar Kausik , Maiti Soumen , Sarkar Pranab Kumar , Paul Tufan , Thakur Subhasish , Majumdar Gautam , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Interface engineering of CH3NH3PbI3via V2O5 nanorods incorporation for improved and stable photoresponse along with enhanced hydrophobicity.
Reinvestigation of the rotation-tunneling spectrum of the CH2OH radical
Authors: Chitarra Olivia , Martin-Drumel Marie-Aline , Gans Bérenger , Loison Jean-Christophe , Spezzano Silvia , Lattanzi Valerio , Müller Holger S. P. , Pirali Olivier 
Published: October 2020

Context. The hydroxymethyl radical (CH2OH) is one of two structural isomers, together with the methoxy radical (CH3O), that can be produced by abstraction of a hydrogen atom from methanol (CH3OH). In the interstellar medium (ISM), both CH2OH and CH3O are suspected to be intermediate species in many chemical reactions, including those of formation and destruction of methanol. The determination of the CH3O/CH2OH ratio in the ISM would bring important information concerning the formation processes of these species in the gas and solid phases. Interestingly, only CH3O has been detected in the ISM so far, despite the recent first laboratory measurement of the CH2OH rotation-tunneling spectrum. This lack of detection is possibly due to the non-observation in the laboratory of the most intense rotation-tunneling transitions at low temperatures.
Aims. To support further searches for the hydroxymethyl radical in space, we present a thorough spectroscopic study of its rotation-tunneling spectrum, with a particular focus on transitions involving the lowest quantum numbers of the species.
Methods. We recorded the rotation-tunneling spectrum of CH2OH at room temperature in the millimeter-wave domain using a frequency multiplication chain spectrometer. A fluorine-induced H-abstraction method from methanol was used to produce the radical.
Results. About 180 transitions were observed, including those involving the lowest N and Ka quantum numbers, which are predicted to be intense under cold astrophysical conditions. These transitions were fitted together with available millimeter-wave lines from the literature. A systematic observation of all components of the rotational transitions yields a large improvement of the spectroscopic parameters allowing confident searches of the hydroxymethyl radical in cold to warm environments of the ISM.
Leberentgiftung
Authors: Vigl Sebastian , Stern Apothekerin Cornelia , Heilmann-Wagner Elke , Dichtl Karoline 
Published: October 2020

SummaryVier Experten stellen die Leberentgiftung mithilfe von Phytotherapie, Spagyrik, Wickel und Auflagen sowie Schüßlersalze vor.
Mikrobielle Partner für Leber und Darm
Authors: Rüffer Andreas 
Published: October 2020

SummaryDie Darmmikrobiota ist unter anderem mit ihren immunregulatorischen, antiinflammatorischen und energieliefernden Effekten an Stoffwechselprozessen der Darm-Leber-Achse beteiligt. Störungen der Darmmikrobiota können Erkrankungen (mit)verursachen, welche die Leber direkt betreffen (z. B. Fettleber) oder das Organ belasten (z. B. Gallensäure-Verlustsyndrom). Störungen der Leberfunktion können über eine Einschränkung der Fettverdauung und -resorption die Darmmikrobiota beeinflussen und in diversen Darmbeschwerden resultieren.
Alkohol – Das Lösungsmittel?
Authors: Textor Reinhard 
Published: October 2020

SummaryIn Deutschland sind etwa 74 000 Todesfälle jährlich auf den Missbrauch von Alkohol beziehungsweise den kombinierten Missbrauch mit Tabak zurückzuführen. Von den Betroffenen wird die Alkoholabhängigkeit häufig bagatellisiert. In der Hausarztpraxis wird sie – verdeckt durch somatische Beschwerden – oft nicht diagnostiziert. Weniger als 10 % der Betroffenen befinden sich in einer spezialisierten Suchtbehandlung. Die Behandlung ist schwierig und in der Regel von Rückfällen begleitet.
The Safety of Low-Dose Aspirin on the Mode of Delivery: Secondary Analysis of the Effect of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Eubanks Allison A. , Nobles Carrie J. , Mumford Sunni L. , Kim Keewan , Hill Micah J. , Decherney Alan H. , Sjaarda Lindsey A. , Ye Aijun , Radoc Jeannie G. , Perkins Neil J. , Silver Robert M. , Schisterman Enrique F. 
Published: October 2020

Objective This study aimed to examine whether prenatal low-dose aspirin (LDA) therapy affects risk of cesarean versus vaginal delivery.Study Design This study is a secondary analysis of the randomized clinical effects of aspirin in gestation and reproduction (EAGeR) trial. Women received 81-mg daily aspirin or placebo from preconception to 36 weeks of gestation. Mode of delivery and obstetric complications were abstracted from records. Log-binomial regression models estimated relative risk (RR) of cesarean versus vaginal delivery. Data were analyzed among the total preconception cohort, as well as restricted to women who had a live birth.Results Among 1,228 women, 597 had a live birth. In the intent-to-treat analysis, preconception-initiated LDA was not associated with risk of cesarean (RR = 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.07) compared with placebo. Findings were similar in just women with a live birth and when accounting prior cesarean delivery and parity.Conclusion Preconception-initiated daily LDA was not associated with mode of delivery among women with one to two prior losses.Key Points
Surface microtopography for everyone
Authors: Sapia P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
An educational-grade experimental strategy is presented for the microscale 3D topographical reconstruction of a surface, based on a simple optical microscope and the use of free image-processing software. The experimental procedure, appropriate for an undergraduate lab, allows students to familiarise themselves with the basic principles underlying many tomographic imaging techniques relevant in a broad range of contexts, from material sciences, to life sciences, to medical sciences.
Electric charge quantization in SU(3)c ⊗ SU(n)L ⊗ U(1)Y gauge models
Authors: Palcu Adrian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We prove that the Cotăescu general method of solving SU(3)c ⊗ SU(n)L ⊗ U(1)Y gauge models exactly predicts the observed electric charge quantization, as the theory remains renormalizable, both in its strong and electroweak sectors, while all the fermions get their masses—by means of Yukawa terms—the spontaneous symmetry breakdown (SSB) successively. The latter is achieved by a scalar sector consisting of n Higgs multiplets, each acquiring its own vacuum expectation value (VEV).
Strain-engineered black arsenene as a promising gas sensor for detecting SO2 among SF6 decompositions
Authors: Mao Jianjun , Chen Yue 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The adsorption and gas sensing properties of black arsenene (B-As) regarding sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) and its six decompositions (SOF2, SO2F2, SO2, H2S, HF, and CF4) are investigated using density functional theory combined with the nonequilibrium Green’s function. The sensitivity of B-As is evaluated by considering the most stable adsorption configuration, adsorption energy, work function, recovery time, local density of states, and charge transfer between the gas molecules and B-As. It is demonstrated that B-As is more sensitive to the SO2 molecule than to the other decompositions. Additionally, the adsorption strength can be manipulated by controlling the external electric field (E-field). The application of tensile biaxial strain results in more isotropic electrical conductance of B-As, and it can also effectively enhance the response toward SO2. For example, under a 1% equibiaxial tensile strain, a 132% response can be obtained along the zigzag direction. This work suggests the promising prospects of B-As-based gas sensors for detecting SO2 among SF6 decompositions.
Self-organized fractal-like behaviors of electromagnetic solitons induced via a radially polarized laser
Authors: Li Zhongpeng , Guo Silin , Bai Yafeng , Zeng Yushan , Tian Ye 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The specific polarization of radially polarized lasers with cylindrical structures and longitudinal electric fields at their focal spots are of interest, as are the fundamental characteristics of electromagnetic (EM) solitons. Compared with linearly and circularly polarized lasers, radially polarized lasers have a more perfect symmetry, which makes them more suitable for studying the topological structure in laser–plasma interaction. We report the structural features of EM solitons induced via a radially polarized laser on the basis of three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. It has been discovered that a fractal-like structure is produced due to the interaction between the radially polarized laser and the plasma, and that this structure indirectly originates from the Weibel instability of the electron ring. This novel regime will allow potential applications such as the manipulation of relativistic electrons, mode filtering, and fractal-like particle acceleration.