bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, tadalafil, suppresses stromal predominance and inflammation in a rat model of nonbacterial prostatitis
Authors: Sugimoto Mikio , Zhang Xia , Ueda Nobufumi , Tsunemori Hiroyuki , Taoka Rikiya , Hayashida Yusi , Hirama Hiromi , Miyauchi Yasuyuki , Matsuoka Yuki , Naito Hirohito , Osaki Yu , Kekehi Yosiyuki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Chronic inflammation is thought to be a major causative factor for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5-I), which has been used for the treatment of BPH-LUTS in daily practice, is known to act at several urinary organs. In this study, focused on the prostate, we examined the effect of tadalafil on the pathological changes and inflammatory factors in a rat nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP) model.

Methods
Forty ten-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP), NBP with tadalafil treatment (NBP-tadalafil), control, and control treated with tadalafil (control-tadalafil) groups (n = 10 per group). The NBP and NBP-tadalafil groups were castrated and then received daily subcutaneous 17β-estradiol for 30 days. The control-tadalafil and NBP-tadalafil groups were administered daily oral tadalafil for 30 days. All rats were then sacrificed and pathological changes and inflammatory factors were assessed in the prostatic tissues.

Results
In the NBP group, the stroma-to-epithelium (S/E) ratio in the ventral prostate was significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.001). In the NBP-tadalafil group, the S/E ratio was significantly lower than in the NBP group (P < 0.001). The macrophage levels and the extent of T-cell infiltration in the NBP-tadalafil group were significantly lower than in the NBP group (P < 0.005; P < 0.001, respectively). Compared with the NBP group, tissue concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-8, and interleukin-1β, were significantly downregulated in the NBP-tadalafil group (P < 0.01; P < 0.05; P < 0.005, respectively).

Conclusions
Tadalafil suppressed stromal predominance and showed anti-inflammatory effects in a rat NBP model in association with downregulation of inflammatory cytokines.
Enrichment of superoxide dismutase 2 in glioblastoma confers to acquisition of temozolomide resistance that is associated with tumor-initiating cell subsets
Authors: Chien Chia-Hung , Chuang Jian-Ying , Yang Shun-Tai , Yang Wen-Bin , Chen Pin-Yuan , Hsu Tsung-I , Huang Chih-Yuan , Lo Wei-Lun , Yang Ka-Yen , Liu Ming-Sheng , Chu Jui-Mei , Chung Pei-Hsuan , Liu Jr-Jiun , Chou Shao-Wen , Chen Shang-Hung , Chang Kwang-Yu 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Intratumor subsets with tumor-initiating features in glioblastoma are likely to survive treatment. Our goal is to identify the key factor in the process by which cells develop temozolomide (TMZ) resistance.

Methods
Resistant cell lines derived from U87MG and A172 were established through long-term co-incubation of TMZ. Primary tumors obtained from patients were maintained as patient-derived xenograft for studies of tumor-initating cell (TIC) features. The cell manifestations were assessed in the gene modulated cells for relevance to drug resistance.

Results
Among the mitochondria-related genes in the gene expression databases, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) was a significant factor in resistance and patient survival. SOD2 in the resistant cells functionally determined the cell fate by limiting TMZ-stimulated superoxide reaction and cleavage of caspase-3. Genetic inhibition of the protein led to retrieval of drug effect in mouse study. SOD2 was also associated with the TIC features, which enriched in the resistant cells. The CD133+ specific subsets in the resistant cells exhibited superior superoxide regulation and the SOD2-related caspase-3 reaction. Experiments applying SOD2 modulation showed a positive correlation between the TIC features and the protein expression. Finally, co-treatment with TMZ and the SOD inhibitor sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate in xenograft mouse models with the TMZ-resistant primary tumor resulted in lower tumor proliferation, longer survival, and less CD133, Bmi-1, and SOD2 expression.

Conclusion
SOD2 plays crucial roles in the tumor-initiating features that are related to TMZ resistance. Inhibition of the protein is a potential therapeutic strategy that can be used to enhance the effects of chemotherapy.

Graphical abstract
Advocacy of diagnostic criteria for maxillary incisive canal cysts based on alteration of normal maxillary incisive canals according to aging in Japanese populations
Authors: Ueda Naruhiko , Tanaka Tatsurou , Oda Masafumi , Wakasugi-Sato Nao , Matsumoto-Takeda Shinobu , Miyamura Yuichi , Jyoujima Takaaki , Kiyota Kouichi , Tsutsumi Kensuke , Morimoto Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The purpose of the present study was to describe the CT imaging findings of normal incisive canals and incisive canal cysts and propose cut-off values to differentiate between them.

Methods
A total of 220 normal subjects and 40 patients with incisive canal cysts on multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) were retrospectively analyzed. The shapes, sizes, anatomic variations, Hounsfield scale values, and so on of maxillary incisive canals and the sizes and Hounsfield scale values of maxillary incisive canal cysts were analyzed.

Results
A significant difference in sizes of maxillary incisive canals in normal subjects was found between males and females. The sizes of maxillary incisive canals were significantly wider during aging, but shapes, anatomic variations, and Hounsfield scale values in the maxillary incisive canals were not significantly different with aging. A significant difference in sizes but not Hounsfield scale values was found between normal maxillary incisive canals and maxillary incisive canal cysts. Based on a cut-off of over 6 mm in the width of incisive canals, maxillary incisive canal cysts could not be appropriately diagnosed for subjects over 60 years of age. Over 60 years of age, maxillary incisive canal cysts could be appropriately diagnosed based on a cut-off of over 7.1 mm in width of incisive canals. When maxillary incisive canals of the hourglass types were seen on sagittal sections, significantly more patients had maxillary incisive canal cysts than other types.

Conclusion
In coincidentally diagnosing asymptomatic incisive canal cysts on imaging, we should apply different cut-offs for the size of the maxillary incisive canal for patients over and under 60 years of age. Specifically, the cut-offs for the long axis of maxillary incisive canal cysts were 7.1 mm for patients over 60 years of age and 6.0 mm for those under 60 years of age. In addition, we should pay attention to wider canals with hourglass shapes as indicative of cystic change of maxillary incisive canals.
Mental health and risk behaviors of children in rural China with different patterns of parental migration: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Feng , Lu Jingjing , Lin Leesa , Zhou Xudong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
One in seven members of China’s population are migrants. There are an estimated 41 million children left behind in rural areas who are living without one or both of their parents. The impact of two- and single-parent migration on child mental health and risk behaviors is unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the mental health and risk behaviors among children whose parents are either both migrating (B-LBC), have one parent migrating (O-LBC) or those whose parents do not migrate (N-LBC).

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional survey using a self-administered questionnaire conducted in rural areas with high proportions of left behind children (LBC) in Anhui Province, southeast China. The tools used were the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaires, Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Young’s Internet Addiction Test for Chinese.

Results
Full data were available for 699 B-LBC, 552 O-LBC and 741 N-LBC. After adjusting for gender, age, grade, number of siblings and self-rated socio-economic status, B-LBC were significantly more likely to have higher emotional symptoms scores (B(SE) = 0.36(0.11), p < 0.01), higher hyperactivity scores (B(SE) = 0.22(0.11), p < 0.01) and higher total difficulties scores (B(SE) = 0.79(0.29), p < 0.01) than N-LBC. B-LBC were also more likely to be an addicted internet user (OR(95%CI) = 1.91(1.33, 2.76), p < 0.01) compared to N-LBC. However, there were no identified differences between O-LBC and N-LBC or between O-LBC and B-LBC in any measures.

Conclusions
Our findings found that living with one parent or both parents was associated with better mental health and fewer risk behaviors than was being separated from both parents. Future research is needed to consider the implications of these findings for policies and programs to protect LBC, especially for those with two migrating parents.
Recombinant baculovirus expressing the FrC-OVA protein induces protective antitumor immunity in an EG7-OVA mouse model
Authors: Kondou Keigo , Suzuki Tomoyuki , Chang Myint Oo , Takaku Hiroshi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe baculovirus (BV)Autographa californicamultiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus has been used in numerous protein expression systems because of its ability to infect insect cells and serves as a useful vaccination vector with several benefits, such as its low clinical risks and posttranslational modification ability. We recently reported that dendritic cells (DCs) infected with BV stimulated antitumor immunity. The recombinant BV (rBV) also strongly stimulated peptide-specific T-cells and antitumor immunity. In this study, the stimulation of an immune response against EG7-OVA tumors in mice by a recombinant baculovirus-based combination vaccine expressing fragment C-ovalbumin (FrC-OVA-BV; rBV) was evaluated.ResultsWe constructed an rBV expressing fragment C (FrC) of tetanus toxin containing a promiscuous MHC II-binding sequence and a p30-ovalbumin (OVA) peptide that functions in the MHC I pathway. The results showed that rBV activated the CD8+T-cell-mediated response much more efficiently than the wild-type BV (wtBV). Experiments with EG7-OVA tumor mouse models showed that rBV significantly decreased tumor volume and increased survival compared with those in the wild-type BV or FrC-OVA DNA vaccine groups. In addition, a significant antitumor effect of classic prophylactic or therapeutic vaccinations was observed for rBV against EG7-OVA-induced tumors compared with that in the controls.ConclusionOur findings showed that FrC-OVA-BV (rBV) induced antitumor immunity, paving the way for its use in BV immunotherapy against malignancies.
Global, regional, and national burden of Hodgkin lymphoma from 1990 to 2017: estimates from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study
Authors: Zhou Linghui , Deng Yujiao , Li Na , Zheng Yi , Tian Tian , Zhai Zhen , Yang Si , Hao Qian , Wu Ying , Song Dingli , Zhang Dai , Lyu Jun , Dai Zhijun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHodgkin lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon B cell lymphoma. We assessed the global, regional, and national burden of HL from 1990 to 2017, by gender, age, and social-demographic index (SDI).MethodsData on HL, including incidence, mortality, and disability adjusted life-years (DALY), from 1990 to 2017 were obtained from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess incidence rate, mortality, and DALY trends.ResultsHL incidences increased by 38.66%, from 72,937 in 1990 to 101,133 in 2017, while the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was relatively stable. ASIR decreased in the low SDI regions (EAPC = − 2.58; 95% CI, from − 2.66 to − 2.49) and was stable in the other four SDI regions. Incidence showed a bimodal distribution with peak values in patients aged 20–39 years and patients aged 60 years or higher. The number of death cases and DALYs were stable. The age-standardized death rate decreased by 2.36% (95% CI, from − 2.43% to − 2.30%) per year. The annual age-standardized DALY rate decreased by 2.29% (95% CI, from − 2.36% to − 2.21%). The incidence and mortality in male subjects was higher than that in female subjects. The incidence in male and female subjects aged 15–30 years old was close, whereas the biggest difference existed in patients aged < 10 years old and 45–75 years old between genders.ConclusionGlobally, incidence of HL was stable, while mortality and DALY rate of HL had been decreasing from 1990 to 2017. Compared with lower and decreasing ASIR in the low SDI region, ASIR in the high SDI region was always high, indicating the need for HL treatment improvement and the establishment of more targeted and specific strategies in high SDI countries to reduce the incidence of HL.
MiRNA-802 suppresses proliferation and migration of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by targeting YWHAZ
Authors: Yang Bo , Sun Li , Liang Lei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The imbalance of expression of microRNA-802 may have a significant place in tumor progression. However, the bio-function of epithelial ovarian cancer cells remains unclear. Therefore, we setup this study to explore the pathogenesis of epithelial ovarian cancer based on microRNA-802.

Methods
RT-qPCR analysis was used to measure the expression level of microRNA802 and YWHAZ in epithelial ovarian cancer. CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry and transwell assay were used to detect the effects of microRNA-802 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration. Target gene prediction and screening, luciferase reporting experiments were applied to validate the downstream target genes of microRNA-802. The effects of microRNA-802 on the expression of YWHAZ and its biological effects were measured by Western blotting and RT-qPCR.

Results
Compared with normal cell lines and tissues, the expression level of microRNA-802 was obviously down-regulated in cancer related cell lines and tissues. Overexpression of microRNA-802 could obviously inhibit the invasion and proliferation and induce apoptosis. In addition, YWHAZ was the binding target protein of miR-802 for epithelial ovarian cancer cells. YWHAZ was obviously up-regulated in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells, and YWHAZ was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-802. YWHAZ can partly eliminate the inhibitory effect caused by overexpression of miR-802 on growth and metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer cells.

Conclusion
miR-802 can regulate the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian cancer by targeting YWHAZ.
Neonatologist performed echocardiography (NPE) in Italian neonatal intensive care units: a national survey
Authors:   On Behalf of Study Group of Neonatal Cardiology of the Italian Society of Neonatology, Corsini Iuri , Ficial Benjamim , Fiocchi Stefano , Schena Federico , Capolupo Irma , Cerbo Rosa Maria , Condò Manuela , Doni Daniela , La Placa Simona , Porzio Salvatore , Rossi Katia , Salvadori Sabrina , Savoia Marilena 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Neonatologist performed echocardiography (NPE) has increasingly been used to assess the hemodynamic status in neonates. Aim of this survey was to investigate the utilization of NPE in Italian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Methods
We conducted an on-line survey from June to September 2017. A questionnaire was developed by the Italian neonatal cardiology study group and was sent to each Italian NICU.

Results
The response rate was 77%. In 94% of Italian NICUs functional echocardiography was used by neonatologists, cardiologists or both (57, 15 and 28% respectively). All the respondents used NPE in neonates with patent ductus arteriosus and persistent pulmonary hypertension, 93% in neonates with hypotension or shock, 85% in neonates with perinatal asphyxia, 78% in suspicion of cardiac tamponade, and 73% for line positioning.
In 30% of center, there was no NPE protocol. Structural echocardiography in stable and critically ill neonates was performed exclusively by neonatologists in 46 and 36% of center respectively.

Conclusions
NPE is widely used in Italian NICUs by neonatologists. Structural echocardiography is frequently performed by neonatologists. Institutional protocols for NPE are lacking. There is an urgent need of a formal training process and accreditation to standardize the use of NPE.
Biorenewable triblock copolymers consisting of l-lactide and ε-caprolactone for removing organic pollutants from water: a lifecycle neutral solution
Authors: Bernhardt Katrina T. , Collins Haley G. , Balija Amy M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundCurrent methods of removing organic pollutants from water are becoming ineffective as the world population increases. In this study, a series of biorenewable triblock copolymers with hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone) block and hydrophilic poly(l-lactide) blocks were synthesized and tested as agents to remove environmental pollutants from an aqueous solution. The percent of pollutant removed and equilibrium inclusion constants were calculated for the polymers. These values were compared to previously known removal agents for their effectiveness.ResultsTriblock copolymer samples removed over 70% of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) phenanthrene from an aqueous solution, with selectivity for the adsorption of phenanthrene over other PAHs tested. The inclusion constant was 7.4 × 105 M−1and adsorption capacity was 5.8 × 10−7mol phenanthrene/g polymer. Rose Bengal was used to further probe the nature of interactions between the copolymers and a small molecule guest. Solid samples of theblock-poly(l-lactide)–block-poly(ε-caprolactone)–block-poly(l-lactide) (PLLA–PCL–PLLA) systems were found to rapidly remove over 90% of Rose Bengal from aqueous solution, resulting in a complete disappearance of the characteristic pink color. Solutions of the copolymers in dichloromethane also removed Rose Bengal from water with a similar level of efficiency. Large inclusion constant values were obtained, ranging from 1.0 × 105to 7.9 × 105 M−1, and the average adsorption capacity value of 6.2 × 10−7 mol/g polymer was determined. Aged polymer samples exhibited different adsorption characteristics and mechanistic theories for the removal of Rose Bengal were determined.ConclusionThe triblock copolymer consisting ofl-lactide and ε-caprolactone was effective in removing various organic pollutants in aqueous environments. It is a biorenewable material which leads to minimal waste production during its lifecycle. These polymers were in general more effective in removing organic pollutants than commercially available pollution removal systems.
Physiological phenotyping of mammalian cell lines by enzymatic activity fingerprinting of key carbohydrate metabolic enzymes: a pilot and feasibility study
Authors: Geiger Julian , Doelker Rebecca , Salö Sofia , Roitsch Thomas , Dalgaard Louise T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective
Enzymatic fingerprinting of key enzymes of glucose metabolism is a valuable analysis tool in cell physiological phenotyping of plant samples. Yet, a similar approach for mammalian cell line samples is missing. In this study, we applied semi-high throughput enzyme activity assays that were originally designed for plant samples and tested their feasibility in extracts of six frequently used mammalian cell lines (Caco2, HaCaT, C2C12, HEK293, HepG2 and INS-1E).

Results
Enzyme activities for aldolase, hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucoisomerase, phosphoglucomutase, phosphofructokinase could be detected in samples of one or more mammalian cell lines. We characterized effects of sample dilution, assay temperature and repeated freeze–thaw cycles causing potential biases. After careful selection of experimental parameters, the presented semi-high throughput methods could be established as useful tool for physiological phenotyping of cultured mammalian cells.
Chromogenic medium versus PCR–RFLP in the speciation of Candida: a comparative study
Authors: Leena Sankari Sankar , Mahalakshmi Krishnan , Naveen Kumar Venkatesan 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveCandidaspecies is implicated in a wide array of clinical infections. Speciation of Candida strains is of prime importance in the epidemiological survey and laboratory diagnosis as there is an upswing of antifungal resistance and changing trends in the antifungal resistance pattern amongC. albicansand nonalbicans Candida. Varied phenotypic methods are available for the identification ofCandidaspecies which vary in principles and cost factors. Chromogenic agar medium (HiCromeCandidadifferential agar) is one of the preferred phenotypic methods in limited resource laboratories. Hence, this study was aimed to assess the reliability of HiCromeCandidadifferential agar, M1297A (HiMedia) in the identification ofCandidaspecies compared polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). OralCandidaisolates (n = 194) were inoculated onto HiCromeCandidadifferential agar and the potential ofCandidadifferential Agar was compared with PCR–RFLP.ResultsThe results were not in agreement with PCR–RFLP. Percentage of disagreement was 40.2, 50.0, 100.0 and 25.0 forCandida albicans,Candida krusei, Candida glabrataandCandida tropicalisrespectively. PCR–RFLP demonstrated a very high discriminatory power in the identification ofCandidaspecies compared to agar.
Nematicidal potential of Streptomyces antibioticus strain M7 against Meloidogyne incognita
Authors: Sharma Manish , Jasrotia Shivam , Ohri Puja , Manhas Rajesh Kumari 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Meloidogyne spp. are microscopic, obligatory endoparasites with worldwide distribution which cause severe damage to agricultural crops. The present study revealed the nematicidal activity of Streptomyces antibioticus strain M7 against Meloidogyne incognita. The culture supernatant of the isolate caused 100% J2 mortality after 24 h and inhibited egg hatching (only 3%). In addition, the nematicidal activity of actinomycins V, X2 and D purified from strain M7 was also checked. In vitro studies displayed 97.0–99.0% juvenile mortality and 28.0–44.0% egg hatching after 168 h at 240 µg/ml of actinomycin, with LD50 (lethal dose) values of 28–120 µg/ml. In vivo study further validated the nematicidal activity of strain M7, where nematode infested tomato plants treated with culture supernatant/cells/solvent extract showed reduction in root galls and egg masses per plant by 50.0–62.06% and 53.48–76.74%, respectively, and significantly enhanced the shoot length (54.67–76.39%), root length (36.45–64.88%), shoot fresh weight (111–171.77%), root fresh weight (120–163.33%), shoot dry weight (54.45–145.45%), and root dry weight (100–133.3%) over the nematode infested plants treated with water. Furthermore, tomato plants treated with cells/culture supernatant/extract of strain M7 without nematode infestation also showed significant increase in various plant growth parameters. Thus, the outcome of the study revealed the potential of S. antibioticus strain M7 and actinomycins produced from it to be developed as safe nematicidal agents to control the root knot nematodes, and to increase the crop yield.