bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optomechanics of Chiral Dielectric Metasurfaces
Authors: Zanotto Simone , Tredicucci Alessandro , Navarro‐Urrios Daniel , Cecchini Marco , Biasiol Giorgio , Mencarelli Davide , Pierantoni Luca , Pitanti Alessandro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe coupling between electromagnetic fields and mechanical motion in micro‐ and nanostructured materials has recently produced intriguing fundamental physics, such as the observation of mesoscopic optomechanical phenomena in objects operating in the quantum regime. It is also yielding innovative device applications, for instance in the manipulation of the optical response of photonic elements. Following this concept, here it is shown that combining a nanostructured chiral metasurface with a semiconductor suspended micromembrane can open new scenarios where the mechanical motion affects the polarization state of a light beam, and vice versa. Optical characterization of the fabricated samples, assisted by theory and numerical modeling, reveals that the interaction is mediated via moving‐boundary and thermoelastic effects, triggered by intracavity photons. This work represents a first example of “Polarization Optomechanics,” which can give access to new forms of polarization nonlinearities and control. It can also lead to wide applications in fast polarimetric devices, polarization modulators, and dynamically tunable chiral state generators and detectors.
Data‐driven physiologic thresholds for iron deficiency associated with hematologic decline
Authors: Foy Brody H. , Li Aodong , McClung James P. , Ranganath Rajesh , Higgins John M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIron‐deficiency contributes to a ∼50% of anemia prevalence worldwide, but reference intervals for iron status tests are not optimized for anemia diagnosis. To address this limitation, we identified the serum ferritin (SF) thresholds associated with hematologic decline in iron‐deficient patients, and the SF thresholds from which an SF increase was associated with hematologic improvement. Paired red blood cell and SF measurements were analysed from two adult cohorts at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), from 2008‐2011 (N = 48 409), and 2016‐2018 (N = 10 042). Inter‐patient measurements in the first cohort were used to define optimal SF thresholds based on the physiologic relationship between SF and red cell measurements. Intra‐patient measurements (1‐26 weeks apart) in the second cohort were used to identify SF thresholds from which an SF increase was associated, with an increase in red cell measurements. The identified optimal SF thresholds varied with age, sex and red cell measure. Thresholds associated with a ∼5% decline in red cell index were typically in the range 10‐25 ng/mL. Thresholds for younger women (18‐45 year) were ∼5 ng/mL lower than for older women (60‐95 years), and ∼10 ng/mL lower than for men. Thresholds from which a subsequent increase in SF was associated with a concomitant increase in red cell measure showed similar patterns: younger women had lower thresholds (∼15 ng/mL) than older women (∼25 ng/mL), or men (∼35 ng/mL). These results suggest that diagnostic accuracy may be improved by setting different SF thresholds for younger women, older women, and men. This study illustrates how clinical databases may provide physiologic evidence for improved diagnostic thresholds.
Influence of internal migration on body mass index: Results of the ELSA‐Brasil study
Authors: Brandão Joana M. , Nobre Aline A. , Guimarães Joanna M. N. , de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca Maria , Matos Sheila M. A. , Luft Vivian C. , de Oliveira Cardoso Letícia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the association between internal migration and body mass index (BMI) in the adult population with data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA‐Brasil) and to determine whether the association differs by the urban hierarchical levels (or influence regions) of Brazilian municipalities.MethodsBaseline data from 13 084 participants aged 35 to 74 (2008‐2010) in the ELSA‐Brasil were analyzed. A migrant was defined as an individual whose municipality of residence at the beginning of schooling (origin) was different from the municipality of residence at the study baseline (destination). The origin and destination municipalities were classified by urban hierarchical levels, or influence regions, and migration was categorized as nonmigrant, stable migrant, downward migrant, or upward migrant.ResultsOf the ELSA‐Brasil participants, 51% were migrants. Using gamma regression models, it was observed that for women and men, upward migration was associated with lower mean BMI after adjusting for age, mother's education level, participant's education level, and income. Downward migration, on the other hand, was associated with the highest mean BMI, but this result was statistically significant only for women.ConclusionThese findings highlight the role of environmental factors on nutritional status, noting that the effects on BMI may be positive or negative, depending on the trajectory of displacements between origin and destination.
Accurate Control of VS2 Nanosheets for Coexisting High Photoluminescence and Photothermal Conversion Efficiency
Authors: Zhou Yannan , Xu Qun , Ge Tianpei , Zheng Xiaoli , Zhang Li , Yan Pengfei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn two‐dimensional (2D) amorphous nanosheets, the electron–phonon coupling triggered by localization of the electronic state as well as multiple‐scattering feature make it exhibit excellent performance in optical science. VS2 nanosheets, especially single‐layer nanosheets with controllable electronic structure and intrinsic optical properties, have rarely been reported owing to the limited preparation methods. Now, a controllable and feasible switching method is used to fabricate 2D amorphous VS2 and partial crystallized 2D VO2(D) nanosheets by altering the pressure and temperature of supercritical CO2 precisely. Thanks to the strong carrier localization and the quantum confinement, the unique 2D amorphous structures exhibit full band absorption, strong photoluminescence, and outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency.
Radical Dehydroxymethylative Fluorination of Carbohydrates and Divergent Transformations of the Resulting Reverse Glycosyl Fluorides
Authors: Zhou Xin , Ding Han , Chen Pengwei , Liu Li , Sun Qikai , Wang Xianyang , Wang Peng , Lv Zhihua , Li Ming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA mild and convenient method for the synthesis of reverse glycosyl fluorides (RGFs) has been developed that is based on the silver‐promoted radical dehydroxymethylative fluorination of carbohydrates. A salient feature of the reaction is that furanoid and pyranoid carbohydrates furnish structurally diverse RGFs bearing a wide variety of functional groups in good to excellent yields. Intramolecular hydrogen atom transfer experiments revealed that the reaction involves an underexploited radical fluorination that proceeds via β‐fragmentation of sugar‐derived primary alkoxyl radicals. Structurally divergent RGFs were obtained by catalytic C−F bond activation, and our method thus offers a concise and efficient strategy for the synthesis of reverse glycosides by late‐stage diversification of RGFs. The potential of this method is showcased by the preparation and diversification of sotagliflozin, leading to the discovery of a promising SGLT2 inhibitor candidate.
Preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) walled thermochromic microcapsules and their application to cotton fabrics
Authors: Tözüm M. Selda , Alkan Cemil , Alay Aksoy Sennur 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis study focused on fabrication of the thermochromic microcapsules and their application to the cotton fabric. In this study, thermochromic systems composed of crystal violet lactone, bisphenol A, and 1‐tetradecanol were prepared and microencapsulated by emulsion polymerization method in poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate‐co‐glycidyl methacrylate) wall. The microcapsules were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Their thermoregulating property was tested by T‐history test. The results revealed that microcapsules with smooth surfaces, core–shell structured, and spherical shape were successfully produced. The latent heat storage capacity of the microcapsules decreased from 202 J g−1 to 167 J g−1 when their shell/core ratio changed from 0.5/1 to 2/1. Microcapsules were adequately had sufficient thermal resistance to the temperatures they will encounter during their application to textile products and their usage. According to the UV–visible spectroscopy analysis and color measurements, the microcapsules exhibited reversible color change from blue to colorless and vice versa. Besides, the microcapsule impregnated fabric was able to absorb latent heat energy of 21.79 J g−1 at around 35 °C and had cooling effect. According to the colorimetric parameters, the fabric was at blue color at room temperature and became colorless when heated to the temperature above the melting point of thermochromic system. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48815.
Influences of different preparation variables on polymeric membrane formation via nonsolvent induced phase separation
Authors: Kahrs Catharina , Gühlstorf Thorben , Schwellenbach Jan 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThis work presents a comparative study on the formation of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes via nonsolvent‐induced phase separation (NIPS) in two different solvent systems.N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone was chosen as conventional solvent and 2‐pyrrolidone as a greener alternative. The overall objective was to obtain a mechanistic clarification of the membrane formation process in dependence of the most important controlling parameters. By performing different series of experiments, it was possible to determine the differences between the two solvents regarding the effects of variations in nonsolvent additives, polymer concentration, and precipitation conditions. It was found that a raising concentration of several nonsolvents, the increase of the polymer concentration and changes in the precipitation conditions can suppress the formation of macrovoids, regardless of the applied solvent. In contrast, differences were observed with regard to the performance of the membrane prototypes. This study improves the understanding of membrane formation via NIPS and identifies the effects of different variables. It shows that the choice of the solvent is essential for the dominating formation mechanisms and therefore for the resulting membrane features. It also proves that green solvents can substitute hazardous solvents if the influencing variables are well‐understood in order to control them for obtaining desired membrane properties. © 2019 The Authors.Journal of Applied Polymer Sciencepublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2020,137, 48852.
Magnetic Relaxation Studies on Trigonal Bipyramidal Cobalt(II) Complexes
Authors: Shao Feng , Cahier Benjamin , Wang Yi‐Ting , Yang Feng‐Lei , Rivière Eric , Guillot Régis , Guihéry Nathalie , Tong Jia‐Ping , Mallah Talal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe report the preparation and the full characterization of a novel mononuclear trigonal bipyramidal CoII complex [Co(NS3iPr)Br](BPh4) (1) with the tetradentate sulfur‐containing ligand NS3iPr (N(CH2CH2SCH(CH3)2)3). The comparison of its magnetic behaviour with those of two previously reported compounds [Co(NS3iPr)Cl](BPh4) (2) and [Co(NS3tBu)Br](ClO4) (3) (NS3tBu=N(CH2CH2SC(CH3)3)3) with similar structures shows that 1 displays a single‐molecule magnet behaviour with the longest magnetic relaxation time (0.051 s) at T=1.8 K, which is almost thirty times larger than that of 3 (0.0019 s) and more than three times larger than that of 2 (0.015 s), though its effective energy barrier (26 cm−1) is smaller. Compound 1, which contains two crystallographically independent molecules, presents smaller rhombic parameters (E=1.45 and 0.59 cm−1) than 2 (E=2.05 and 1.02 cm−1) and 3 (E=2.00 and 0.80 cm−1) obtained from theoretical calculations. Compounds 2 and 3 have almost the same axial (D) and rhombic (E) parameter values, but present a large difference of their effective energy barrier and magnetic relaxation which may be attributed to the larger volume of BPh4− than ClO4− leading to larger diamagnetic dilution (weaker magnetic dipolar interaction) for 2 than for 3. The combination of these factors leads to a much slower magnetic relaxation for 1 than for the two other compounds.
Microenvironment improvement protocol for the sensitive spectrofluorimetric determination of an hepatitis C virus antiviral (Simeprevir): application to human plasma
Authors: Derayea Sayed M. , A. El Hamd Mohamed , Ali Sayed , Samir Ebtihal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSimeprevir (SPV) is a powerful antihepatitis C virus agent that was newly introduced into the pharmaceutical market. We here established and validated an easy, simple, and sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for its estimation at λem 427 nm (λex 337 nm). The suggested procedure was based on two times enhancement in the original emission of SPV through modifying its microenvironment in buffered aqueous solution by adding Triton X‐100. The relationship between the concentration of SPV and the observed fluorescence intensity was linear in the range 0.06–1.0 μg ml−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. The limits of detection and quantitation were 21 and 64 ng ml−1, respectively. The present method was effectively applied to quantify SPV content in pharmaceutical tablets and human plasma spiked with the drug with no interference from tablet excipients or plasma components.
Structural and optical properties of europium‐ and titanium‐doped Y2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Manali Ísis F. , Rodrigues Lucas C.V. , Braga Adriano H. , Galante Douglas , Teixeira Verônica C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLuminescent nanoparticles of Y2O3 doped with europium (Eu) and/or titanium (Ti) were synthesized using modified sol–gel routes. The crystalline cubic phase was confirmed using X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD). Particle morphology and size were evaluated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy showed that the synthesis method affected the average particle size and the Fourier transform of the images showed the lattice plane distances, indicating that the samples presented high crystallinity degree in accordance with the XRD pattern. The Ti valence was investigated using X‐ray absorption near edge spectroscopy and the tetravalent form was the dominant oxidizing state in the samples, mainly in Eu and Ti co‐doped Y2O3. Optical behaviour was investigated through X‐ray excited optical luminescence and photoluminescence under ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation. Results indicated that Eu3+ is the emitting centre in samples doped with only Eu and with both Eu and Ti with the 5D0→7F2 transition as the most intense, indicating Eu3+ in a noncentrosymmetric site. Finally, in the Eu,Ti‐doped Y2O3 system, Ti3+ (or TiIV) excitation was observed but no Ti emission was present, indicating a very efficient energy transfer process from Ti to Eu3+. These results can aid the development of efficient nanomaterials, activated using UV, VUV, or X‐rays.
A simple and rapid spectrofluorometric determination of pomalidomide in spiked plasma and urine. Application to degradation studies
Authors: Aydoğmuş Z. , Yılmaz E.M. , Yildiz G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA rapid and accurate spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of pomalidomide was developed and validated based on the measurement of its native fluorescence without the need for any derivatization and separation for the first time. The fluorescence intensity of the drug in acetonitrile solution allowed precise detection at 460 nm after excitation at 296 nm. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range 31.0–500.0 ng/ml. Limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 8.04 and 24.36 ng/ml, respectively. Sensitive results allowed the drug to be detected with good recovery (75.46–109.72%) in human plasma and urine using the developed method. The proposed method was validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy, recovery, and stability parameters. Pomalidomide was subjected to degradation under various stress conditions (hydrolytic, oxidative and thermal) to demonstrate that the method was stable, indicating and identifying possible degradation products. In addition, the drug was exposed to electrochemical degradation using the chronoamperometry technique for the first time. Characterization of pomalidomide degradation products obtained because of oxidative degradation and electrochemical degradation was carried out using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography − mass spectrometry methods and possible structures were proposed.
Insights from the new horizons in biochemistry and molecular biology education conference. September 6–8, 2017, Rehovot, Israel
Authors: Macaulay Janet , Akdogan Gul Guner , Yarden Anat 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe New Horizons in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education Conference was organized by the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB) in collaboration with the Federation of European Biochemical Societies (FEBS), and the Weizmann Institute of Science (Israel) and held in Rehovot, Israel, on September 6–8, 2017. The program covered the entire lifespan of students/scientists from the school level to undergraduate, graduate, and post‐doctoral levels and brought together 130 international participants. This article provides an overview of the major issues and topics discussed at the conference and suggestions for the way forward.
Financing sustainable development goals: A review of challenges and mitigation strategies
Authors: Barua Suborna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSustainable development goal (SDG) implementation is still at an early stage globally. Implementation of the SDGs in developing countries particularly appears very complex and challenging. A key challenge encountered by policymakers at the national and international levels is the prevailing huge financing gap. The current level of SDG‐related financing and investing is far less than what is needed, and there is a growing concern on how to close this gap. This paper explores the key challenges in SDG financing and potential way‐out to mitigate them, particularly in the context of developing countries. The paper reviews the existing literature and practitioner documents, identifies the key challenges, and provides a suggestive mapping of potential strategies to overcome those. The paper argues that given the current level of SDG progress and financing, the world needs immediate action to mobilize adequate financing to achieve the SDGs by the set time line of 2030.
YAP1 amplification as a prognostic factor of definitive chemoradiotherapy in nonsurgical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Dai Honghai , Shao Yang W. , Tong Xiaoling , Wu Xue , Pang Jiaohui , Feng Alei , Yang Zhe 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundDefinitive chemoradiation therapy (dCRT) is the standard treatment for patients with nonsurgical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), yet patients have demonstrated great variations in their responses to dCRT and inevitably progressed following treatment.MethodsTo identify prognostic biomarkers, we performed targeted next‐generation sequencing of 416 cancer‐related genes on primary tumors from 47 nonsurgical ESCC patients prior to dCRT treatment. The association between genetic alterations and patients' local recurrence‐free survival (LRFS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) was analyzed.ResultsTP53 (78% of patients), NOTCH1 (32%), ARID1A (13%), FAT1 (13%), and CDKN2A (13%) were commonly mutated in ESCC patients, while gene amplifications frequently occurred in MCL1 (36%), FGF19 (34%), MYC (32%), CCND1 (27%), ZNF217 (15%), CDKN2A (13%), and YAP1 (11%). Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical factors and genetic alterations indicated that sex is an independent prognostic factor, with males tending to have better LRFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.25; 95%CI, 0.08‐0.77, P = .015) and progression‐free survival (PFS) (HR, 0.35; 95%CI, 0.13‐0.93, P = .030) following dCRT. Meanwhile, YAP1 amplification (n = 7) was an adverse prognostic factor, and patients with this alteration demonstrated a tendency toward worse outcomes with shorter LRFS (HR, 4.06; 95%CI, 1.26‐13.14, P = .019) and OS (HR, 2.78; 95%CI, 0.95‐8.17, P = .062). In a subgroup analysis, while sex and M‐stage were controlled, a much stronger negative effect of YAP1 amplification vs wild‐type in LRFS was observed (log‐rank P = .0067).ConclusionThe results suggested that YAP1 amplification is a potentially useful biomarker for predicting treatment outcomes and identifying patients with a high risk of relapse who should be closely monitored.
Phase II study of Radium‐223 dichloride combined with hormonal therapy for hormone receptor‐positive, bone‐dominant metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Ueno Naoto T. , Tahara Rie K. , Fujii Takeo , Reuben James M. , Gao Hui , Saigal Babita , Lucci Anthony , Iwase Toshiaki , Ibrahim Nuhad K. , Damodaran Senthil , Shen Yu , Liu Diane D. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Tripathy Debu , Lim Bora , Chasen Beth A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundRadium‐223 dichloride (Ra‐223) is a targeted alpha therapy that induces localized cytotoxicity in bone metastases. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of Ra‐223 plus hormonal therapy in hormone receptor‐positive (HR+), bone‐dominant metastatic breast cancer.MethodsIn this single‐center phase II study, 36 patients received Ra‐223 (55 kBq/kg intravenously every 4 weeks) up to 6 cycles with endocrine therapy. The primary objective was to determine the clinical disease control rate at 9 months. Secondary objectives were to determine (a) tumor response rate at 6 months, (b) progression‐free survival (PFS) durations, and (c) safety.ResultsThe median number of prior systemic treatments for metastatic disease was 1 (range, 0‐4). The disease control rate at 9 months was 49%. The tumor response rate at 6 months was 54% (complete response, 21%; partial, 32%). The median PFS was 7.4 months (95% CI, 4.8‐not reached [NR]). The median bone‐PFS was 16 months (95% CI, 7.3‐NR). There were no grade 3/4 adverse events.ConclusionsRa‐223 with hormonal therapy showed possible efficacy in HR+ bone‐dominant breast cancer metastasis, and adverse events were tolerable. We plan to further investigate the clinical application of Ra‐223 in these patients. (NCT02366130).