bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrological drought vulnerability assessment in Ethiopia using multi-criteria decision-making
Authors: Beyene Tegegn Kassa , Agarwal Ankit , Jain Manoj Kumar , Yadav Brijesh K. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Drought significantly impacts the livelihoods of communities over extensive regions, with Ethiopia being particularly prone to frequent and persistent occurrences. Hydrological drought analysis necessitates spatially distributed data, a challenge faced in Ethiopian studies. We employed remote sensing and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to assign weightage values to nine hydrological drought-influencing factors, namely land use and land cover, soil texture, population density, elevation, drainage density, aridity index, slope, rainfall departure, and water storage deficit index. Our results identify spatial diversity of hydrological drought vulnerability, with six categories of extreme and very high vulnerability areas covering over 22% of the country from January to June, primarily in the northeast and southeast lowlands. The majority of the country falls within high and medium vulnerability areas, emphasizing the prevalence of hydrological drought, particularly from June to October, while some southwest regions experience low vulnerability. Overall, a substantial portion of the country is susceptible to severe hydrological drought throughout most months.
Discovery of New Symmetrical and Asymmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridine Derivatives as Potential Antihypertensive Agents: An In silico Evaluation
Authors: Raj Ruhani , Parjapati Charu , Garg Minakshi , Kaur Anupreet 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Hypertension is a worldwide problem that affects people of all ethnicities
and social groups. Its mortality rate has been steadily increasing. However, several pharmacological
compounds have been used to manage hypertension and related issues. Calcium Channel
Blockers (CCBs) based on Dihydropyridine (DHP) are used as first-line therapy. It is well established
that simple adjustments to an existing medicine's fundamental structure can considerably
improve its efficacy.

Materials and Methods:
The purpose of this research study was to create potential antihypertensive
drugs utilizing a 1,4-DHP scaffold and analyze their binding processes with different calcium
channel proteins for comparative analysis, with PDB IDs 3LV3, 1T0J, and 6DAF. This study used
molecular docking and ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, Toxicity) profiling
to predict the binding efficacy of newly produced potential drugs, such as CCBs.

Results:
The binding energy of the protein with the newly created compounds ranged between
-2.6 and -7.26 kcal/mol (3LV3), -7.42 to -10.36 kcal/mol (1T0J), and -6.63 to -11.98 kcal/mol
(6DAF).

Discussion:
The predicted ADMET profiling yielded significant results, indicating that among the
virtually prepared ligands, apart from the standard drugs amlodipine and nifedipine, ligand numbers
60 and 13 showed a favorable ADMET profile.

Conclusion:
In this study, drug development efforts focused on modifying existing hypertension
medications through in silico analysis. From hundreds of synthesized ligands, 19 showed optimal
docking scores. ADMET profiling of these 19 ligands revealed ligands 60 and 13 to have favorable
profiles. The Swiss ADME and ADMET lab 2.0 tools confirmed these findings, highlighting
their potential for further development.
Isolation of Plasmid from a New Strain of Enterococcus faecium and its Construction for Use as Shuttle Cloning Vector
Authors: Hazra Amit , Saha Pijush K. , Das Shreya , Bhattacharjee Dipanwita , Bhattacharyya Barun K. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Enterococci are natural inhabitants of the human gastrointestinal tract
and contain plasmids, which are often used to generate plasmid vectors. RGK7, a strain of Enterococcus
faecium isolated from neonatal faeces, natively contains a 1935 bp plasmid pRGK7d.

Objective:
This study focused on the molecular characterization of the Enterococcus faecium plasmid
pRGK7d and its exploitation for the generation of shuttle cloning vectors.

Methods and Results:
The isolate RGK7 was identified as Enterococcus faecium by phenotypic
and genotypic methods, including 16S rRNA sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis also confirmed
that the strain belongs to the group of E. faecium. BLAST analysis of the pRGK7d plasmid sequence
revealed the highest homology with E. faecium genes for replication protein. ORF Finder
analysis of the 1.9 kb plasmid pRGK7d showed a total of 17 ORFs in multiple overlapping
frames, and the biggest ORF sequence showed 97% homology with the Rep protein of E. faecium.
In order to make it an E. coli-Enterococcus shuttle vector, the plasmid was first cloned in pUC18
and then recloned in T vector by incorporating antibiotic selection markers ampicillin resistance
(ampr) and erythromycin resistance (eryr) for its selectivity in Gram-negative E. coli and Gram--
positive E. faecium. The shuttle vector was reduced in size and made more effective by cloning only
the Rep protein instead of the whole plasmid along with the eryr gene.

Conclusion:
An E. coli-Enterococcus shuttle vector was generated utilizing the plasmid pRGK7d,
which, on transformation, conferred ampicillin and erythromycin resistance to the E. coli and Enterococcus,
respectively, that was otherwise sensitive. The shuttle vector was found to be stable in
both organisms.
Advancements in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers and its Patent Innovations
Authors: Mishra Ashish S. , Sharma Shikha , Bhatnagar Payal , Banik Bimal Krishna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are small colloidal systems designed for drug delivery,
recognized for their safety, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. As a lipid-based nanosystem,
NLCs offer a promising alternative to polymeric and metallic nanoparticles, providing a safe
and effective platform for therapeutic applications. Their appeal lies in high stability, substantial
drug loading capacity, and ability to enhance drug solubility and permeability. Encapsulation in a
lipidic shell further aids in navigating challenging drug delivery routes, enhancing the bioavailability
and stability of encapsulated drugs. Surface modifications and the incorporation of specific additives
into NLCs allow for targeted drug delivery, increased cellular uptake, and prolonged residence
time in the body, improving the therapeutic effect of the drugs administered. Due to these
advantages, NLCs have demonstrated potential in treating a variety of medical conditions, including
cancer, infections, neurodegenerative diseases, hypertension, diabetes, and pain management.
This review explores recent advancements in the development and optimization of NLCs, highlighting
their role in achieving efficient, targeted, and controlled drug delivery.
SARS CoV-2 Delta Variant Spike Protein: Structure, Mechanism, and Docking Interaction with Antiviral Ligands from the Plants of the Phyllanthus Genus
Authors: Sibiya Ashokkumar , Vaseeharan Baskaralingam , Ramasamy Palaniappan , Bhavaniramya Sundaresan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
An abrupt outbreak of "Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2" was first
identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019, which was later disseminated
globally. Individuals afflicted with this highly transmissible virus contribute to a significant public
health crisis. The lack of specific vaccinations and antiviral medications for nCoV-2019, together
with the emergence of mutations in the genome of the virus, necessitates a multifaceted approach to
drug design and discovery for COVID-19. A comprehensive worldwide supervision plan is essential
for the accurate forecast and prevention of viral infections. The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein plays
a crucial role in viral binding, fusion, and entrance, hence influencing the generation and evolution of
antibodies and vaccines. The receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
exhibits a significant affinity for human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. It encompasses
diverse mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor-binding domain
(RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, enhancing immunological efficacy. The B.1.617.2 mutant,
also known as the Delta variation, is expected to spread more rapidly than earlier versions. Thus, in
this study, we have evaluated the structural characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the
human ACE2 protein and their interactions and examined putative SPIKE-ACE2 protein-protein
inhibitors derived from the phytocompounds of Phyllanthus species. This is the crucial aspect for the
advancement of economical clinical trials of individual plant components for the treatment of viral
diseases.
The Role of Metformin in Modifying Ferroptosis to Treat Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sotoudeheian Moahammad Javad , Azarbad Reza , Mirahmadi Seyed-Mohamad-Sadegh , Farahmandian Navid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract:
Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a well-known metabolic disorder associated with hepatic
steatosis and tissue lipid accumulation. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
(MAFLD) is a prevalent and challenging condition that is linked to obesity, diabetes, and other
metabolic disorders. MAFLD, previously called NAFLD or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, is associated
with pathological changes in liver tissue. In recent decades, there has been a growing interest
in the potential of metformin, a commonly used medication for type-2 diabetes, to help treat
MAFLD. Metformin has shown promising potential in treating MAFLD through its ability to modify
ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death. In this critical review, we explain the current
knowledge about MAFLD, the potential role of ferroptosis in its pathogenesis, and the mechanisms
by which metformin may modulate ferroptosis in the context of MAFLD. Additionally, evidence
supporting the usage of metformin in treating MAFLD is explained. Overall, this review explains
the potential of metformin as a novel therapeutic approach for MAFLD by targeting ferroptosis
and provides valuable insights for future research in this area.
Insights and Trends in Open Note Access: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Badwal Randeep Singh , Cavo Paul , Panesar Mandip 
Published: December 2024

Background
As of 2021, at least 4 out of every 5 hospitals offered patients access to clinical notes via a web-based patient portal, a number that is expected to grow because of the 21st Century Cures Act. There is limited data on how open note use may have evolved over time or which types of clinical interactions were viewed most in the outpatient setting.

Objective
This study aims to analyze trends in outpatient open note access over time; characterize usage in terms of age, sex, and clinical interaction type; and assess the method of access to help uncover areas of improvement in patient engagement and identify further areas of research.

Methods
A retrospective observational study was conducted at Erie County Medical Center from November 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, to coincide with the time that open notes went live. Outpatient note access and account logs were downloaded from the portal and combined into a single dataset consisting of 18,384 note accesses by 4615 users, with column headings of the patient index, sex, age, note title that was accessed, clinical interaction type, time stamp of note creation, time stamp of access, and method of access (web vs mobile). A separate table was created with sex data for all 35,273 portal accounts. Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Power Query were used to combine and analyze the data.

Results
During the study period, 4615 portal users viewed 12,150 documents for a total of 18,384 times, averaging 2.6 notes per patient viewed 4 times. Only 13.1% (4615/35,273) of all portal inpatient and outpatient registrants viewed their outpatient notes. There was a female predominance in those who viewed notes (2926/4615, 63.4%; P<.001), while 56.8% (20,047/35,273) of all portal registrants were female. Users in their 30s and 50s accessed more notes than other age groups. The ratio of mobile-to-web access of notes tended to decrease as a function of increasing age, which was not observed in those aged ≥90 years. Notes regarding COVID-19 assessments were the most accessed among all clinical interactions (4725/12,150, 38.9%). Overall, the number of users accessing notes reached a maximum of 1968 before declining to 1027 by the end of the study period.

Conclusions
Open note access was largely dominated by COVID-19 assessments, and the number of users viewing their notes has declined over time as the pandemic subsided. Furthermore, female patients and those aged in their 30s as well as 50s viewed more notes than other groups. Finally, the percentage of notes viewed via a mobile device tended to decrease as a function of increasing age, showing that web-based access of open notes is an important modality for older patients.
Exploring Nursing Students’ Experiences of Empathy and User Experiences in an Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation Game: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Koivisto Jaana-Maija , Kämäräinen Sanna , Mattsson Katri , Jumisko-Pyykkö Satu , Ikonen Riikka , Haavisto Elina 
Published: December 2024

Background
Empathy is associated with better clinical outcomes and patient-care experiences, and it has been demonstrated that training can improve nursing students’ empathy. The use of virtual reality (VR) as an experiential learning strategy may increase the empathetic behavior of caregivers. Although much research exists on the use of VR in education, there is still little research on learning empathy in nursing education through immersive VR games that include a head-mounted display and hand controllers. In addition, it is important to study both learning and user experiences in nursing education that utilizes VR technology.

Objective
This study aims to explore nursing students’ experiences of empathy and user experiences in an immersive VR simulation game.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was used. A total of 52 graduating nursing students from 3 universities of applied sciences in Finland participated in the study. The immersive VR simulation game employed in the study was played with a head-mounted display and hand controllers. The instruments used were the Basic Empathy Scale in Adults (BES-A) before the VR simulation gaming session and the Comprehensive State Empathy Scale (CSES) and AttrakDiff 2.0 Scale after the session.

Results
The students’ overall level of empathy experienced in the immersive VR simulation game was favorable (CSES; mean 2.9, SD 0.57). Participants who had a higher level of empathy (BES-A) before playing the immersive VR simulation game also experienced slightly more feelings of empathy after playing (CSES). However, the association between the measures was not statistically significant (r=0.187, P=.18). The overall empathy (CSES) experienced in the immersive VR simulation game was positively correlated with its subscales. The use of the VR simulation provided a positive user experience in all 4 factors of the AttrakDiff 2.0 Scale. Overall User Experience and Emotion Sharing correlated negatively (r=−0.248, P=.042), as did Attractiveness and Emotion Sharing (r=−0.327, P=.018). Hedonic Quality Stimulation correlated negatively with Cognitive Empathy (r=–0.279, P=.045).

Conclusions
The results of this study indicate that the use of an immersive VR simulation game in nursing education as a means of increasing empathy seems promising and justified. The immersive VR simulation game offered positive user experiences, which further supported the idea of implementing it in education. However, more research is needed on what kinds of VR environments are the most effective in promoting empathy among nursing students. Furthermore, when using VR technology in learning, one should consider that the VR setting must not be too technical but rather simple, straightforward, and predictable.
Pengaruh Inovasi, Pengambilan Risiko, Otonomi, Dan Sikap Proaktif Terhadap Kapabilitas Pemasaran Usaha Kecil Dan Menengah (UKM) Di Payungi Kota Metro
Authors: Ratna Dwi Nurwanti  , Selamet Fuadi  , Yateno  
Published: December 2024

This research was conducted at Yosomulyo Pelangi Market (Payungi) Metro City. This research was quantitative by interpreting the independent and dependent variables. This study aims to determine the effect of innovation, risk, autonomy, and proactivity on marketing capabilities at Payungi UKM in Metro by using 60 respondents as a research sample and the sampling technique using saturation sampling (saturation sample). The data analysis method used was a quantitative analysis method including validity test, reliability test, analysis prerequisite test, hypothesis testing through multiple linear regression, t test, f test and coefficient of determination test (R2). The results showed that the innovation variable had a positive and significant effect on marketing capabilities. Risk taking has a positive and significant effect on marketing capabilities. Autonomy has a positive and significant effect on marketing capabilities. And proactive has a positive and significant effect on marketing capabilities. From the results of simultaneous hypothesis testing (test f) the relationship between innovation, risk, autonomy, and proactive variables on marketing capabilities, the results show that innovation, risk, autonomy, and risk have a positive and significant impact on the marketing capabilities of Payungi UKM in Metro.

Keywords: innovation, risk, autonomy, proactive, and marketing capability.
Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for secondary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Jiang Hongwei , Wang Yunchang , Li Fujun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that affects approximately 90% of end-stage renal disease and poses a significant threat to long-term survival and quality of life in patients.

Objectives
To assess whether radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a productive and low-risk treatment for hyperparathyroidism secondary to CKD.

Methods
Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched independently by two authors. The results after RFA and baseline biochemical indicators were compared, and parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, and serum phosphorus levels were the major outcomes.

Results
Four retrospective studies were screened out from 147 original literature and involved 118 cases. After RFA, serum PTH levels (1 d standardized mean difference [SMD] = −2.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] = from −3.04 to −1.56, P < 0.0001; 6 months SMD = −2.15, 95% CI = from −3.04 to −1.26, P < 0.0001; 12 months SMD = −2.35, 95% CI = from −3.52 to −1.17, P < 0.0001), serum calcium levels (1 d SMD = −1.49, 95% CI = from −2.18 to −0.81, P = 0.0001; 6 months SMD = −1.09, 95% CI = from −1.51 to −0.68, P < 0.0001), and serum phosphorus levels (1 d SMD = −1.37, 95% CI = from −1.67 to −1.07, P < 0.0001; 6 months SMD = −1.06, 95% CI = from −1.35 to −0.78, P < 0.0001) decreased significantly.

Conclusions
RFA, the newest thermal ablation technique, can effectively and safely treat hyperparathyroidism secondary to CKD. Hoarseness is the most common complication but is reversed within 6 months.
Systemic Effects Related to the Use of 1% Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride Eye Drops in Refractometry in Cats
Authors: da Silveira Camila P. B. , Piso Dunia Y. T. , Barros Sobrinho Alexandre A. F. , Crivelaro Roberta M. , Abreu Thais G. M. , Filezio Marcella R. , Aldrovani Marcela , Laus José L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In veterinary medicine, 1% Cyclopentolate hydrochloride (CP) has emerged as an intermediate-term cycloplegic and mydriatic agent. This study evaluated the pupillary dilation time and systemic effects related to the use of 1% CP eye drops in cats. Fifteen cats, aged 1 to 6 years and weighing 2.5 to 7 kg, were included in the study. After receiving written consent from the owners, each cat was administered two drops of 1% Cyclopentolate, 10 minutes apart, into both eyes. Data on pupil dilation, systemic symptoms, and behavioral changes were collected and analyzed using frequency and descriptive statistics. Pupillary dilation was observed 30 minutes after administering the second drop of 1% CP. The duration of pupillary dilation was 36 hours for 26.6% of the eyes, 48 hours for 53.4%, and 60 hours for 20%. Within the first hour after medication administration, seven cats exhibited episodes of salivation and vomiting, and four displayed behavioral changes, including aggressiveness and increased vocalization. Results suggest that 1% CP eye drops cause mydriasis for at least 36 hours and can lead to temporary adverse effects on the gastrointestinal and nervous systems.
Dissecting Deception Operations. A Longitudinal Analysis
Authors: Toroi George-Ion 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As the ongoing conflict in Ukraine demonstrates, deception tactics remain a critical component of military plans, especially on the modern battlefield, which is rich in sensors and information from multiple sources. As it is harder to conceal forces and prevent detection, armed forces must concentrate on hiding their intentions in order to gain surprise and preserve weaknesses. In this endeavour, deception continues to be essential. But in a time of ubiquitous information and rapid technological advancement, successful deception has become more challenging, but also more critical than ever. Through a qualitative analysis, the study seeks to offer a deeper comprehension of its underlying mechanisms in this particular context. This longitudinal research examines a variety of written sources after the 2nd World War until today to identify common topics in planning and executing successful deception operations in order to overcome the challenges of today’s transparent battlefield.
Numerical Modeling of Local Scour Depth at Non-Uniform Piers
Authors: Dakheel Ahmed A. , Ismaeel Abaas J. , Makki Jamal S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
One of the most dangerous issues in river engineering is erosion brought on by the flow around bridge piers, which causes failure. As a result, simulating scouring is a crucial technique for assessing the likelihood of scour-related bridge failure. The scour depth surrounding hydraulic structures (non-uniform piers) was investigated using various computational and laboratory models. This study examines the efficacy of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in generating simulations of the scour depth along a bridge pier via the Flow3D software (version 10.1.1.3). k-ε model is built to more accurately consider the generation of turbulent kinetic energy and the anisotropic characteristics of the turbulence. The model’s calibration and verification are assessed using statistical metrics (Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and coefficient of determination (R2)). Based on the statistical criteria, it may be concluded that the model’s results were promising because the discrepancy between the numerical and experimental models is negligible. The Froude number has been demonstrated to be a crucial factor that must be considered during the construction of piers, since reducing it will result in a decrease in longitudinal velocity and turbulent kinetic energy. Also, the Flow-3D program accurately reproduces the scour depth, flow, and velocity near the pier.