bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LINGUAGENS DA FAVELA: DIÁLOGO COM UM INCOMODADO SOCIAL
Authors: Motta Ferreira Gisele 
Published: July 2020

Reproduzimos um diálogo registrado entre Waldemir, fotógrafo, comunicador comunitário, articulador cultural e, antes de tudo, um Incomodado Social, como ele se auto-declara; e XXXX, jornalista, mestre em comunicação e educadora midiática popular. Uma conversa cujo mote foi: como a favela se comunica? Tanto de dentro para dentro, quanto de dentro para fora? E como a comunicação chega, de fora para dentro? Realizada na comunidade da Vila Aliança, em Bangu, Zona Oeste do Rio de Janeiro, começamos a refletir: há particularidades na forma que as pessoas se comunicam entre si aqui neste território? Como se comunicam fora daqui? Quais aspectos da comunicação consideramos e são considerados hegemonicamente? Os ditos e não ditos, os tabus e as interdições (FOUCAULT, 2011)? O corpo como expressão e fala (FURLAN, 2003; NÓBREGA, 2000; HACKNEY, 1988)? Os discursos oficiais, altos, clássicos e os discursos transgressores, marginais, de baixo (STALLYBRASS e WHITE, 1989; BAKHTIN, 1993)? Os dialetos, as gírias, a moda? Tudo fala…
Role of Antinuclear Antibodies in Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Levy Cynthia , Bowlus Christopher L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The identification of antinuclear antibodies specific for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) has facilitated diagnosis in antimitochondrial antibody-negative individuals. Their presence may also have prognostic implication. In this edition of The American Journal of Gastroenterology, Reig et al. evaluate the frequency of PBC-specific antinuclear antibodies, their natural course and association with outcomes in 254 patients with PBC. Antibodies remained stable over time, and presence of antihexokinase1 and anti-sp100 was associated with shorter survival. Clinicians can request testing for PBC-specific antinuclear antibodies to minimize need for liver biopsy, but further research is needed to understand their role in disease prognostication.
Predicting demand for a bike-sharing system with station activity based on random forest
Authors: Seo Young-Hyun , Yoon Sangwon , Kim Dong-Kyu , Kho Seung-Young , Hwang Jaemin 
Published: July 2020

Public bike-sharing (PBS) systems have expanded to major cities around the world in efforts to mitigate air pollution, traffic congestion and traffic accidents. Users can pickup and drop-off bicycles at any station, and thus inventory imbalances can occur. To improve system efficiency, system operators should establish appropriate repositioning strategies based on accurate predictions of demand for bicycles. This study aims to predict station-level demand for pickup and drop-off of bicycles using station activity information. In addition to time and weather information, the number of pickups and drop-offs at a station 1–3 h before the prediction was used as a predictor. A random forest machine learning technique is adopted for the demand prediction. The PBS database in Seoul, South Korea was used for the case study. To compare prediction accuracy by station usage patterns, the stations are classified into four clusters. The analysis results show that prediction accuracy including lag information provides mprovements of up to 20%, and the forecast for drop-off is more accurate than the forecast for pickup. This study practically contributes to increasing operational efficiency and reducing operating costs by improving demand predictability in a PBS system.
Burden of malnutrition and anemia among children with congenital heart disease
Authors: Rabiya Nargis , E. Elizabeth K. , Masaraddi Sanjay K. , K. Rugmini 
Published: July 2020

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and in India, the prevalence is 2.5 to 5/1000 live births. Malnutrition and anemia are common co-morbidities, that determine the outcome in CHD. This study was undertaken to assess the extent of malnutrition and anemia among 1-12-year-old children with CHD.Methods: A total 80 children with CHD, admitted for intervention under the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) scheme were enrolled. Nutritional status was assessed using standardized anthropometric measurements. Anemia was estimated using hemoglobin, red cell indices, red cell distribution width and peripheral smear. IEC approval, informed consent and assent from participants were obtained prior to the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 19.Results: 2/3rd children were >5-years-old. Acyanotic CHD was more common (81.3%) and 35% had ventricular septal defect. Among cyanotic CHD (18.7%), 13.7% had tetralogy of fallot. In CCHD, there was only one child with normal weight and height. In ACHD, 71% were underweight, 49%, had stunting and 82% had wasting. Anemia was diagnosed in nearly 1/3rd, and iron deficiency was the most common. Even though polycythemia was noted in those with CCHD, increased RDW and reduced red cell indices unmasked iron deficiency.Conclusions: Majority were >5-years-old, due to late referral for intervention. The burden of malnutrition and iron deficiency anemia, that modify the outcome, was very high, Hence, early identification, prompt referral and correction of co-morbidities are of utmost importance, as majority are likely to get surgical/non-surgical interventions under government sponsored schemes like RBSK in India.
Tuberculous otitis media: rare cause of recurrent facial nerve palsy
Authors: Tiwari Vibhu , Singh Rohit , Anand V. 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract">Tuberculous otitis media (TOM) is a rare form of tuberculosis, due to tubercular otitis media, thick caseous material and granulation tissue gets deposited in middle ear cleft causing bone erosion, sequestration, ossicular destruction, heading loss which can be conductive or mixed and rarely facial paralysis. In this case report we discuss tubercular otitis media as a cause of recurrent facial nerve paralysis. 54 year old male patient with no known previous comorbidities presented to ENT OPD on 12 October 19 with complaints of scanty, mucopurulent foul smelling occasionally blood stained continuous otorrhoea (R)×02 years, painless progressive and persistent hearing loss ×1 year and recurrent (R) sided facial nerve palsy, 03 episodes in last 2 years which were spontaneous and sudden in onset, showed gradual recovery with oral medication. Tubercular otitis media is not a very common diagnosis with which an otolaryngologist comes across. It generally presents with otorrhea and hearing loss which mimics more commoner ear disease. Typical findings of multiple tympanic membrane perforations are not necessarily seen. There can be involvement of facial nerve and presence of refractory otorrhoea with atypical features may be considered indicative of tubercular pathology. A clinician should have high index of suspicion whenever there are signs which outlies symptoms in form of severity. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge and high index of clinical suspicion required for diagnosis. Combination of appropriate diagnostic modality along with good clinical vigilance will aid in early diagnosis and start of early medication which reduces chances of any subsequent complications.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Policy Challenges for Grandparents Caring for Grandchildren with Disabilities
Authors: Meyer Madonna Harrington , Abdul‐Malak Ynesse 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChildhood disability rates in the US are increasing, but supports for families are not. As a result, US grandparents provide a great deal of care for grandchildren with disabilities. When they do, they face a myriad of social policy challenges. Here we explore three such challenges: (1) how access to employment benefits such as paid vacation, paid sick leave, paid parental leave, or affordable, high quality childcare shapes grandparent care work; (2) how access to poverty‐based, social assistance programs, such as SNAP, SSI, and Medicaid, shapes grandparent care work; and (3) how access to disability policies and programs, such as those pertaining to accessible classrooms, parks, or apartments, shapes grandparent care work. We augment this assessment of policies with quotes from fifty interviews we conducted with grandparents caring for grandchildren with disabilities. We found that grandparents were providing childcare, bathing, feeding, transportation, and therapy; helping with homework; accompanying grandchildren for medical care; paying for everything from groceries to surgeries; and assisting with technical medical care. Several were also advocating for their grandchildren with administrators at SNAP, SSI, Medicaid, public schools, park districts, and landlords. Caring for grandchildren with disabilities gives many grandparents a great deal of joy, satisfaction, and purpose. Although most are eager and happy to help, doing so may adversely impact their financial, social, emotional, and physical wellbeing. Those with sufficient resources may be more readily able to absorb the impact, but those who provide the most care with the fewest resources are more likely to deplete their savings, incur new debts, reduce or end employment, restrict social lives, and forego travel plans. They are also more likely to experience anxiety and emotional distress, have disabilities of their own, and neglect their physical wellbeing through a lack of exercise, improper diets, and delayed medical and dental care.
Fortaleciendo el vocabulario de la lengua extranjera inglés en infantes de tercer grado de primaria usando flashcards digitales
Authors: Garcia-Medina Maria Angelica , Severiche-Urda Luisa Margarita , Garay-Rodríguez Jennifer Eugenia , Méndez-Vergara Julio Luis 
Published: July 2020

Este proyecto tuvo como objetivo la implementación del uso de flashcards en formato digital para para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de un segundo idioma y a través de este artículo se reconstruye y describe esta experiencia. En primera instancia se identificó el nivel de dominio que presentaban los estudiantes de tercer grado en el idioma inglés. Posteriormente se diseñaron estrategias que involucraron las flashcards en el desarrollo de cada una de las temáticas con el fin de fortalecer el vocabulario. El paradigma de investigación fue cuantitativo de corte descriptivo y como resultados se obtuvo el diseño de una estrategia pedagógica basada en el uso de las flashcards digitales. De igual manera, se usó la herramienta PROPROFS, lo que permitió un aprendizaje activo en los estudiantes, promoviendo el desarrollo de la atención, la memoria y mayor concentración e incentivó las habilidades de retención y percepción a través de la participación activa en el aula de clases. Como conclusión se tiene que la estrategia empleada a través del uso de flashcards digitales permite a los docentes una experiencia de enseñanza de la lengua extranjera de forma amena, puesto que en contextos rurales aprender un segundo idioma se vuelve una tarea ardua. Así mismo, las flashcards pueden ser utilizadas en compañía de los maestros, padres de familia y los mismos estudiantes y ayudan de manera significativa en el aprendizaje de un segundo idioma ya que fortalecen el vocabulario de los estudiantes.
Foam Propagation at Low Superficial Velocity: Implications for Long-Distance Foam Propagation
Authors: Yu Guanqun , Vincent-Bonnieu Sebastien , Rossen William R. 
Published: July 2020

Summary
Since the 1980s, experimental and field studies have found an anomalously slow propagation of foam (Friedmann et al. 1991, 1994; Patzek 1996), a phenomenon that cannot be fully explained by surfactant adsorption. Friedmann et al. (1994) conducted foam-propagation experiments in a cone-shaped sandpack and concluded that foam, once formed in the narrow inlet, was unable to propagate at all at lower superficial velocities near the wider outlet. They concluded that long-distance foam propagation in radial flow from an injection well is in doubt.
Ashoori et al. (2012) provide a theoretical explanation for a slower and/or nonpropagation of foam front at decreasing superficial velocity. By linking foam propagation to the minimum superficial velocity utmin (or minimum pressure gradient ∇Pmin) required for foam generation in homogeneous porous media (Rossen and Gauglitz 1990; Gauglitz et al. 2002), the study reveals that the minimum velocity for maintaining the propagation of foam is far less than that for creating foam but greater than the minimum velocity for maintaining foam in place. Lee et al. (2016) and Izadi and Kam (2019) find a minimum velocity for foam propagation from analysis of a similar population-balance model but associate it with the minimum velocity for foam stability.
In this study, we extend the experimental approach of Friedmann et al. (1991) in the context of the theory of Ashoori et al. (2012). We observe dynamic propagation of foam in a cylindrical core with stepwise increasing diameter such that the superficial velocity decreases from inlet to outlet (in a ratio of 16:1). Previously (Yu et al. 2019), we mapped the conditions for foam generation (at large superficial velocities) in a Bentheimer sandstone core, in relation to surfactant concentration and injected gas fraction (foam quality). In this study, we enrich the map with the conditions for downstream propagation of foam (at significantly smaller superficial velocities). We also interpret our results for both foam generation and propagation in terms of local pressure gradient (following the implications of Ashoori et al. 2012), which plays a dominant role in the mobilization and creation of foam.
Our results suggest that the minimum superficial velocities for both foam generation and propagation increase with increasing foam quality and decreasing surfactant concentration, in agreement with theory (Rossen and Gauglitz 1990). In addition, the minimum velocity for propagation of foam is much less than that for foam generation, as has been predicted by Ashoori et al. (2012). Implications of our laboratory results for field application of foam are briefly discussed.
enChIP systems with MSCV-based retroviral plasmids expressing 3xFLAG-Sp-dCas9
Authors: Yuno Miyuki , Fujita Toshitsugu , Fujii Hodaka 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: Engineered DNA-binding molecule–mediated chromatin immunoprecipitation (enChIP) is a technology for purifying specific genomic regions to facilitate identification of their associated molecules, including proteins, RNAs, and other genomic regions. In enChIP, the target genomic region is tagged with engineered DNA-binding molecules, e.g., a variant of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system consisting of a guide RNA (gRNA) and a catalytically inactive form of Cas9 (dCas9). In this study, to increase the flexibility of enChIP and expand the range of target cells, we generated murine stem cell virus (MSCV)-based retroviral plasmids for expressing dCas9. Results: We constructed MSCV-based retroviral plasmids expressing Streptococcus pyogenes dCas9 fused to a 3xFLAG-tag (3xFLAG-Sp-dCas9) and various drug resistance genes. We showed that it is feasible to purify target genomic regions with high yields using these plasmids. These systems might give enChIP users greater flexibility in choosing optimal systems for drug selection of transduced cells. In addition, they could be used to analyze different types of target cells.
Increasing prevalence of anticholinergic medication use in older people in England over 20 years: Cognitive Function and Ageing Study I and II
Authors: Grossi Carlota , Richardson Kathryn , Savva George , Fox Chris , Arthur Antony , Loke Yoon , Steel Nicholas , Brayne Carol , Matthews Fiona , Robinson Lousie , Myint Phyo , Maidment Ian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Anticholinergic medication use is linked with increased cognitive decline, dementia, falls and mortality, and their use should be limited in older people. Here we estimate the prevalence of anticholinergic use in England’s older population in 1991 and 2011, and describe changes in use by participant’s age, sex, cognition and disability.Methods: We compared data from participants aged 65+ years from the Cognitive Function and Ageing Studies (CFAS I and II), collected during 1990-1993 (N=7,635) and 2008-2011 (N=7,762). We estimated the prevalence of potent anticholinergic use (Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden [ACB] score=3) and average anticholinergic burden (sum of ACB scores), using inverse probability weights standardised to the 2011 UK population. These were stratified by age, sex, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental ADL (IADL) disability. Results: Prevalence of potent anticholinergic use increased from 5.7% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 5.2-6.3%) of the older population in 1990-93 to 9.9% (9.3-10.7%) in 2008-11, adjusted odds ratio of 1.90 (95%CI 1.67 – 2.16). People with clinically significant cognitive impairment (MMSE [Mini Mental State Examination] 21 or less) were the heaviest users of potent anticholinergic in CFAS II (16.5% [95%CI 12.0-22.3%]). Large increases in the prevalence of the use medication with ‘any’ anticholinergic activity were seen in older people with clinically significant cognitive impairment (53.3% in CFAS I to 71.5% in CFAS II). Conclusions: Use of potent anticholinergic medications nearly doubled in England’s older population over 20 years with some of the greatest increases amongst those particularly vulnerable to anticholinergic side-effects.
Proteasome Inhibitors Reduce Thrombospondin-1 Release in Human Dysferlin-Deficient Myotubes
Authors: Fernández-Simón Esther , Lleixà Cinta , Suarez-Calvet Xavier , Diaz-Manera Jordi , Illa Isabel , Gallardo Eduard , de Luna Noemí 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Dysferlinopathies are a group of muscle disorders causing muscle weakness and absence or low levels of dysferlin, a type-II transmembrane protein and the causative gene of these dystrophies. Dysferlin is implicated in vesicle fusion, trafficking, and membrane repair. Muscle biopsy from patients with dysferlinopathy is characterized by the presence of inflammatory infiltrates. Studies in the muscle of human and mouse models of dysferlinopathy suggest dysferlin-deficient muscle plays a role in this inflammation by releasing thrombospondin-1. It has also been reported that vitamin D3 treatment enhances dysferlin expression. The ubiquitin-proteasome system recognizes and removes proteins that fail to fold or assemble properly and previous studies suggest that its inhibition could have a therapeutic effect in muscle dystrophies. Here we assessed whether inhibition of the ubiquitin proteasome system prevented degradation of dysferlin in immortalized myoblasts from a patient with two missense mutations in exon 44. Methods: To assess proteasome inhibition we treated dysferlin deficient myotubes with oprozomib, ixazomib, and EB1089, a vitamin D3 analogue. Western blot was performed to analyze the effect of these treatments on the recovery of dysferlin and myogenin expression. TSP-1 was quantified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to analyze the effect of these drugs on its release. A membrane repair assay was designed to assess the ability of treated myotubes to recover after membrane injury. We also calculated the fusion index in response to the different treatments. Data were analysed using a one-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey post hoc test and analysis of variance. A p≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Treatment with proteasome inhibitors and EB1089 resulted in a trend towards an increase in dysferlin and myogenin expression. Furthermore, EB1089 and proteasome inhibitors reduced the release of TSP-1 in myotubes. However, no effect was observed on muscle membrane repair after injury. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the ubiquitin-proteasome system might not be the main mechanism of mutant dysferlin degradation. However, its inhibition could help to improve muscle inflammation by reducing TSP-1 release.
The Detrimental Impacts of Negative Age Stereotype on Episodic Memory of Older Adults: Does Social Participation Moderate the Effects?
Authors: Chan Stephen Cheong Yu , Au Alma May Lan , Lai Simon Man Kin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Memory performance among older adults can be influenced by negative age stereotypes. However, it is not clear if this effect influence episodic memory in an Asian sample. Furthermore, social participation has emerged as a potential protective factor for memory function as older adults could maintain or enrich cognitive functions when they are exposed to cognitively demanding environment. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of negative age stereotype primes on episodic memory and the moderating role of social participation on the priming effect.Methods: A total of 105 community-dwelling older adults residing in Hong Kong were randomly allocated to two experimental conditions. Participants were primed either with negative age stereotype words (n = 53) or neutral words (n = 52) by an implicit priming task. Episodic memory performance including total learning, two delayed recalls and a recognition task was investigated after the priming task. Analysis of Co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to test group differences in priming task and memory performance while a series of moderation analyses was performed to examine if social participation could moderate the priming effect.Results: Results indicated that experimental group performed significantly worse than the control group among all measures in the memory performances. Follow-up analyses showed that socially active individuals might be less prone to the effects of negative age stereotypes in the recognition task.Conclusions: Using a simple scale to measure social participation, we found that older adults who are more socially active might be more immune to the effects of negative age stereotype primes on episodic memory. These results provide initial support for social participation might act as an effective strategy against negative age stereotypes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04202120 (first posted December 17, 2019), (Retrospectively registered)