bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separation of middle boiling trace compounds by distillation: An investigation of practical implications of complex column arrangements on an industrial methanol distillation case study
Authors: Udugama Isuru A. , Kirkpatrick Robert , Yu Wei , Gernaey Krist V. , Young Brent R. , Bayer Christoph 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe drive to achieve greater energy efficiencies is well‐established in the fine chemical industries with distillation processes being a key focus due to their disproportionate energy consumption totaling more than 40% of the overall plant. The objective of this paper is to specifically focus on the energy efficiency benefits that would be realized by employing intensified distillation column configurations on a high purity, multicomponent, high recovery industrial methanol distillation where a middle boiling trace ethanol component must be managed to ensure on specification production (<10 ppm wt. ethanol in product and <5 ppm impurities in bottoms). Based on technology maturity constraints, five column configurations were selected for further analysis, comprising a direct synthesis configuration, a side draw column, a Petlyuk inspired recovery column arrangement, a divided wall column, and a cut divided wall column. These configurations were then simulated on an industrial process simulator where all configurations were able to match the strict industrial product specifications and design limits. The energy usage of the column configurations was improved through a systematic analysis, and the results revealed that all intensified columns have a superior energy usage compared to the direct synthesis configuration but with the gains limited to only 3%. An unbiased consideration of the energy efficiency results, together with other external factors including cost of capital and operability, shows that the recovery column configuration would be the most practical choice despite the presence of the divided wall column configuration which represents a greater level of intensification and integration.
Improving ablation properties of liquid silicone rubber composites by in situ construction of rich‐porous char layer
Authors: Yan Liwei , Zhang Hao , Zhou Shengtai , Zou Huawei , Chen Yang , Liang Mei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and ammonium pentaborate (APB) were introduced to liquid silicone rubber with an aim of building rich‐porous char structure in situ, thereby improving thermal insulation properties. Thermogravimetric analyses indicated that the incorporation of APP greatly increased the char residue of the composites. Oxy‐acetylene torch tests showed that the addition of either APP or APB powders effectively enhanced the ablation resistance of the composites, whereas Shore A hardness tests revealed that the APP‐containing composites exhibited a higher hardness than APB‐filled counterparts. The linear ablation rates of composites with 40 phr APP or APB were reduced by 34.16% and 36.19%, respectively, when compared with the control sample. The maximum back‐face temperatures of composites with 40 phr APP or APB was reduced to as low as 73°C. The APP‐containing composites exhibited superior ablation resistance, considering both the linear ablation rate and the mechanical properties of char layer. In addition to SiO2, SiC, and C, B2O3was produced in the APB composites, as characterized by XRD and Raman analysis. Combined with SEM, it was proven that the formation of a firm, continuous, rich‐porous and thermal insulation char layer was advantageous to improve the ablation and insulation properties.
Interleukin‐7/Interferon Axis Drives T Cell and Salivary Gland Epithelial Cell Interactions in Sjögren’s Syndrome
Authors: Rivière Elodie , Pascaud Juliette , Virone Alexandre , Dupré Anastasia , Ly Bineta , Paoletti Audrey , Seror Raphaèle , Tchitchek Nicolas , Mingueneau Michael , Smith Nikaïa , Duffy Darragh , Cassard Lydie , Chaput Nathalie , Pengam Sabrina , Gauttier Vanessa , Poirier Nicolas , Mariette Xavier , Nocturne Gaetane 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivePrimary Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is characterized by a lymphocytic infiltration of salivary glands (SGs) and the presence of an interferon (IFN) signature. SG epithelial cells (SGECs) play an active role in primary SS pathophysiology. We undertook this study to examine the interactions between SGECs and T cells in primary SS and the role of the interleukin‐7 (IL‐7)/IFN axis.MethodsPrimary cultured SGECs from control subjects and patients with primary SS were stimulated with poly(I‐C), IFNα, or IFNγ. T cells were sorted from blood and stimulated with IL‐7. CD25 expression was assessed by flow cytometry. SG explants were cultured for 4 days with anti–IL‐7 receptor (IL‐7R) antagonist antibody (OSE‐127), and transcriptomic analysis was performed using the NanoString platform.ResultsSerum IL‐7 level was increased in patients with primary SS compared to controls and was associated with B cell biomarkers. IL7R expression was decreased in T cells from patients with primary SS compared to controls. SGECs stimulated with poly(I‐C), IFNα, or IFNγ secreted IL‐7. IL‐7 stimulation increased the activation of T cells, as well as IFNγ secretion. Transcriptomic analysis of SG explants showed a correlation between IL7 and IFN expression. Finally, explants cultured with anti–IL‐7R antibody showed decreased IFN‐stimulated gene expression.ConclusionThese results suggest the presence of an IL‐7/IFNγ amplification loop involving SGECs and T cells in primary SS. IL‐7 was secreted by SGECs stimulated with type I or type II IFN and, in turn, activated T cells that secrete type II IFN. An anti–IL‐7R antibody decreased the IFN signature in T cells in primary SS and could be of therapeutic interest.
MPC‐based robust contouring control for a robotic machining system
Authors: Kornmaneesang Woraphrut , Chen Shyh‐Leh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecently, robot manipulators have been adopted to perform machining tasks, instead of only automation tasks. The key machining task is to follow a desired contour. Therefore, the machining accuracy can be improved by reducing contour error. However, only a few researches concentrate on solving the contouring problem in the robotic machining system. In this paper, a model predictive control (MPC)‐based contouring control scheme is proposed for a machining system based on a 5‐DOF dual‐arm robot. The contouring control problem is transformed into the regulation problem by using the method of equivalent errors. An MPC algorithm is developed to minimize the contour error by optimizing a sequence of control actions under torque constraints. In addition, robustness is upgraded by integral sliding mode control (ISMC). Experiments are carried out for the proposed methods and two other conventional methods. The results show that the proposed control scheme can achieve much better contouring performance than the conventional methods, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Schöck Isokorb® – Gebrauchstauglichkeit unter Berücksichtigung der Langzeiteigenschaften
Authors: Müller Michael , Li Zhijun , Standeker Jernej 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAuskragende Bauteile wie Balkone stellen Wärmebrücken dar und werden daher im Verbindungsbereich standardmäßig mit den tragenden Wärmedämmelementen Schöck Isokorb® entkoppelt. Infolge üblicher Nutzlasten treten Verformungen sowie Schwingungen in der Balkonplatte auf, welche zusätzlich durch die Wahl des Anschlusselements beeinflusst werden. Dieser Beitrag zeigt anhand von Untersuchungen an der MPA Karlsruhe, welchen Einfluss der Schöck Isokorb® auf die Eigenfrequenz der Balkonplatte und damit auch auf deren Schwingungsverhalten ausübt. Zudem werden in Abhängigkeit von Materialien wie nichtrostender Stahl‐ oder Glasfaserbewehrung produktbezogene Drehfedersteifigkeitswerte abgeleitet und die zugehörige Berechnungsformel validiert. Die daraus ermittelten Steifigkeitswerte können in die Gebrauchstauglichkeitsnachweise von FE‐Programmen einfließen. Dem Planer bietet sich damit die Möglichkeit einer präzisen Verformungsberechnung bei der Bauwerksmodellierung.
Inverse problem approach to regularized regression models with application to predicting recovery after stroke
Authors: Hbid Youssef , Mohamed Khaladi , Wolfe Charles D.A. , Douiri Abdel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRegression modelling is a powerful statistical tool often used in biomedical and clinical research. It could be formulated as an inverse problem that measures the discrepancy between the target outcome and the data produced by representation of the modelled predictors. This approach could simultaneously perform variable selection and coefficient estimation. We focus particularly on a linear regression issue, , where is the parameter of interest and its components are the regression coefficients. The inverse problem finds an estimate for the parameter , which is mapped by the linear operator to the observed outcome data . This problem could be conveyed by finding a solution in the affine subspace . However, in the presence of collinearity, high‐dimensional data and high conditioning number of the related covariance matrix, the solution may not be unique, so the introduction of prior information to reduce the subset and regularize the inverse problem is needed. Informed by Huber's robust statistics framework, we propose an optimal regularizer to the regression problem. We compare results of the proposed method and other penalized regression regularization methods: ridge, lasso, adaptive‐lasso and elastic‐net under different strong hypothesis such as high conditioning number of the covariance matrix and high error amplitude, on both simulated and real data from the South London Stroke Register. The proposed approach can be extended to mixed regression models. Our inverse problem framework coupled with robust statistics methodology offer new insights in statistical regression and learning. It could open a new research development for model fitting and learning.
What motivates people to be materialistic? Developing a measure of materialism motives
Authors: Gurel‐Atay Eda , Sirgy M. Joseph , Webb David , Ekici Ahmet , Lee Dong‐Jin , Kahle Lynn R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article presents, through a series of studies conducted in six countries, the development, psychometric testing, and cross‐cultural validation of an independent measure of materialism motives involving three dimensions: needs for happiness, social recognition, and distinctiveness. We demonstrate that materialism (beliefs about the importance of money and material possessions in their life) influences life satisfaction through the fulfillment of these three materialism motives. Furthermore, and non‐surprisingly, these three motives are also related to personal values. Theoretical and policy implications of this new measure are considered, and avenues for future study presented.
Simultaneous Preparation and Functionalization of Ultrathin Few−layer Black Phosphorus Nanosheets and Their Electrocatalytic OER and HER Performance
Authors: Xu Qian , Zhu Yabo , Xie Tingting , Shi Chao , Zhang Nao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA convenient liquid phase exfoliation method is reported here to prepare functionalized few−layer black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets by using succinic acid (SA) or L−ascorbic acid (L−AA) −assisted tip−ultrasonicated exfoliation. The thickness of the obtained nanosheets is about 2–2.5 nm, which is equivalent to 4–5 layers of BP atoms. And SA−BP−1 : 3 exhibits a best OER and HER performance in the group of SA−BP with different weight ratios, requiring an overpotential of 369.8 mV for OER and 235 mV for HER to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm−2, respectively. Meantime, L−AA−BP‐1 : 1 presents a great OER and HER performance in the group of L−AA−BP with different weight ratios, requiring an overpotential of 459.5 mV for OER and 224 mV for HER to achieve the current density of 10 mAcm−2, respectively. And two groups of the samples significantly enhance the OER and HER performance of few−layer BP nanosheets (550 mV and 431 mV). In addition, both the consecutive cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometric measurements reveal the outstanding electrocatalytic stability of the samples.
Enhanced Sodium Storage Performance of Co7Se8 Enabled Through In Situ Formation of a Nanoporous Architecture
Authors: Zhu Jian , Shang Chaoqun , Wang Xin , Zhou Guofu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs one of the potential next‐generation energy storage systems, sodium ion batteries possess the advantages of Na natural resources and relatively low cost. However, the serious volume changes and poor cycle stability of the anode materials hinder the further application of sodium ion batteries. Herein, a facile and green method has been proposed to fabricate a high performance Co7Se8@C anode with an in situ formed porous architecture. Thanks to the synergetic effects of the in situ formed porous structure and enhanced electron conductivity, the Co7Se8@C anode displayed superior electrochemical performances compared with the bare Co7Se8 anode. In detail, the Co7Se8@C anode exhibited superior rate capability of 477.1 mAh g−1 at a current density of 4000 mA g−1 and excellent cycling stability (high capacity retention rate of 83.9 % after 300 cycles at 200 mA g−1). This strategy not only provides opportunity for practical application but also provides potentially new direction for future research.
Graphdiyne‐Supported Atomic Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Kan Xiaonan , Fan Chunyan , Wu Chenyu , Sun Chong , Li Zhibo , Zhao Yingjie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGraphdiyne (GDY) has been ideal candidate support for atomic catalysts (ACs) due to its unique conjugated two‐dimensional (2D) structure comprising both sp‐ and sp2‐hybrid carbon atoms. ACs/GDY can display excellent catalytic ability and high selectivity, emerging as a cutting‐edge research area in the past few years. Recently, a growing body of work has been done in ACs/GDY, ranging from screening appropriate combinations theoretically, continuous improvement to prepare few‐layered GDY to meet the critical challenge in this area, and successfully fabricating ACs/GDY in facile way. This Minireview briefly introduces recent advanced progress in this field, including the synthetic method for both thin GDY film and ACs/GDY, as well as theoretical analysis of different ACs/GDY systems, characterization, and applications. In the end, the challenges and further opportunities of ACs/GDY are summarized and proposed. It is hoped that this article brings new insights into the current study of ACs/GDY and promotes better development in this area.
Novel sources of resistance to blast disease in finger millet
Authors: Dida Mathews M. , Oduori Chrispus A. , Manthi Samuel J. , Avosa Millicent O. , Mikwa Erick O. , Ojulong Henry F. , Odeny Damaris A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFinger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. subsp. coracana) is the most important millet in eastern Africa and perhaps the oldest domesticated cereal grain in Africa. One of the major factors limiting finger millet production is blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Crop wild relatives and landraces present a potential source of novel genes. This study investigated the response of cultivated and wild relatives of finger millet to an isolate of blast disease from western Kenya. Previous germplasm collections were purified through two generations of single‐seed descent before screening alongside improved and farmer‐preferred varieties (FPVs) under a screen house across three seasons. Farmer‐preferred varieties were identified through participatory varietal selection (PVS). The plants were inoculated twice during each growth period using hand‐spraying method and data on disease incidence recorded at grain‐filling stage. Genotypic data was generated using diversity arrays technology (DArT) sequencing and data analysis done using Genstat 18.2 and TASSEL 5.2.58. We observed high heritability (81%), indicating that the variation observed was predominantly genetic. Wild accessions were generally more resistant to the disease in comparison to the cultivated accessions. Preliminary genome‐wide association study (GWAS) using general linear model with principal component analysis led to the identification of 19 markers associated with blast disease that will be be developed into assays for genotype quality control and trait introgression. Wild accessions and landraces of finger millet present a good reservoir for novel genes that can be incorporated into crop improvement programs.
Thermophysical properties of dilute acid slurries of cassava bagasse as a function of biomass loading, acid concentration, and temperature
Authors: Polachini Tiago Carregari , Mulet Antonio , Cárcel Juan A. , Telis‐Romero Javier 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFor suitable design of equipment and process optimization, the determination of thermophysical properties of the raw materials is necessary. Therefore, this work was aimed at determining and modeling the density, specific heat, thermal diffusivity, and thermal conductivity of acid slurries of cassava bagasse used during its conversion into bioethanol. Experimental measurements were carried out in slurries with different mass fractions of cassava bagasse (0.00 to 0.10) and phosphoric acid (0.00 to 0.10) at temperatures from 278.13 to 318.13 K. Results obtained show that density varied from 986.5 to 1,029.3 kg∙m−3, specific heat from 3,830.0 to 4,142.6 J∙kg−1∙K−1, thermal diffusivity from 0.9624 × 10−7 to 1.5249 × 10−7 m2∙s−1 and thermal conductivity from 0.3825 to 0.6212 W∙m−1∙K−1. While density increased with increasing solids and acid content at decreasing temperature, the thermal properties decreased at higher solids and acid content and increased when heating the slurries. The values were well‐fitted to polynomial models with good accuracy (R2 > 0.921 and MRE < 1.75%), allowing the application of the models to obtain reliable and ready‐to‐use data for cassava bagasse processing. Thus, the data reported in this study can be used for designing and managing momentum, heat and mass transfer processes for enhancing bioethanol production from cassava bagasse.
BADEP: Bandwidth and delay efficient application placement in fog‐based IoT systems
Authors: Dadashi Gavaber Morteza , Rajabzadeh Amir 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNowadays, fog computing is considered as a new computing method that provides the resources required to provide various services and applications to Internet of Things (IoT) devices near them. Nonetheless, in recent years, the increasing growth of IoT devices with heavily dependent on resources has made it impossible for fog computing to provide these resources efficiently in many cases, which will lead to delay in the delivery of various services. Thus, the placement of application/service in fog computing‐based environments will turn into a challenging issue. This was the motivation for this paper to present a method for placement of various IoT applications in fog computing‐based environments to reduce the delay in these systems. In the proposed method, it is tried to reduce the resulting delay by reducing the network usage in the fog computing layer. In doing so, the proposed method tried to place the applications so that the interdependent modules in these applications, with a high data interaction rate, are placed on a node as much as possible to reduce the need for data transfer. IFogSim simulator was used to evaluate the proposed method, where the results of the simulation show that the proposed method improved the delay by 9% and the network usage by 21% compared to the existing methods.
Developments in CO2 Electrolysis of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell with Different Cathodes▴
Authors: Ma Z. , Zhou J. , Li Y. , Liu C. , Pu J. , Chen X. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSolid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is a device that can efficiently convert excessive power of renewable energy, such as wind or solar energy into chemical energy. High temperature CO2 electrolysis based on solid oxide electrolysis cell has been proved as an effective method to produce sustainable fuels and reduce greenhouse emissions. The performance of cathodes as the place where the electrolysis reaction takes place for fuel gas affects the efficiency of SOEC, whereas traditional cathodes show relatively low catalytic activity towards CO2 electrolysis. In recent years, in addition to the optimization of traditional Ni‐based cathodes, the research on perovskite cathodes with better redox stability has been carried out rapidly. In this paper, the development of different cathodes of solid oxide electrolysis cell used for CO2 electrolysis is summarized, from the study of new materials with different doping ratios for CO2 electrolysis, to the microstructure optimization of electrode. It was found, that both durability and catalytic activity for the cathode materials could significantly improve the performance of single cells of SOEC. Finally, more prospects for future research work are put forward.
Chaotic Diagnostics in a Biodiesel Combustion System Using PLIF and Nonlinear Time Series Analysis▴
Authors: Gao S. , Li F. , Xiao Q. , Zhu J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe combustion system of biodiesel has complex dynamic characteristics. In this paper, the combustion characteristics and flame stability of gutter oil biodiesel in a biodiesel evaporation combustion system are studied based on chaos identification theory. It aims to analyze the chaotic behavior of OH radical intensity on different equivalence ratio of laminar flame using OH‐PLIF technology with a specific focus on the use of 0–1 test. The results of 0–1 test are compared with those of phase space reconstruction, largest Lyapunov exponent and Fourier spectrum algorithm. The results show that the 0–1 test can be used as an efficient and reliable tool to diagnose the non‐linear dynamic characteristics of biodiesel combustion, and the combustion stability of flame is proportional to the chaotic intensity range. This method has a certain guiding value for identify the optimal combustion state and the most stable flame under different equivalence ratio.
Association of postoperative influenza vaccine on overall mortality in patients undergoing curative surgery for solid tumors
Authors: Gögenur Mikail , Fransgård Tina , Krause Tyra Grove , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Gögenur Ismail 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecent findings have found that the influenza vaccine induces changes in the immune system in favor of antitumor cytotoxicity. The aim of our study was to investigate if an influenza vaccine given in the postoperative period decreased overall and cancer‐specific mortality in patients undergoing curative surgery for solid cancers. We conducted a registry‐based national observational study in Denmark in the period January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2015 with a follow‐up period of 3 years starting from 180 days after surgery. Patients with solid cancers undergoing curative surgery were included. The primary outcome was overall mortality. The secondary outcome was cancer‐specific mortality. A total of 21 462 patients were included in the study with 2557 patients receiving an influenza vaccine within 6 months after surgery. In a Cox regression model, a decrease in overall mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.81‐0.99, P = .03) and cancer‐related mortality (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.71‐0.93, P = .003) was found among patients given a vaccine vs patients never receiving a vaccine. In a predefined subgroup of patients receiving a vaccine within 30 days after surgery, a decrease in overall mortality (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.72‐0.94, P = .007) and cancer‐specific mortality (HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.53‐0.91, P = .009) was found. No association was evident in patients receiving the vaccine after 30 days to 6 months after surgery (overall mortality: HR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.86‐1.07, P = .46); cancer‐specific mortality: HR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.76‐1.03, P = .12). These findings must be investigated in larger clinical trials where both immunological biomarkers and survival outcomes are included.