bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un nuevo anovulador antiandrogénico
Authors: Millet-Part A. , Blanes-Espi A. , Ferrer-Barriendos J. , Acosta-Cajiao E. , Siqueira L. 
Published: June 2020

El acetato de Ciproterona solo o asociado con estrógenos es el producto idóneo para el tratamiento de manifestaciones androgénicas . El esquema terapéutico debe adaptarse al predominio, tiempo de evolución y severidad de unos u otros síntomas. Cuando se trata de hirsutismo moderado o grave la pauta será la administración del método continuo a dosis altas durante 6 meses, seguido de método combinado de altas o bajas dosis, según el tipo de respuesta inicial. Cuando predominan el acné y la seborrea se usará el método combinado de bajas dosis, pues si bien son mejores los resultados que se obtienen con el método continuo a dosis altas, los efectos secundarios no justifican su uso y con el tiempo los resultados son semejantes. Solo cuando fracase ese método se recurrirá al método continuo con dosis altas. Cuando predomina al alopecia el tratamiento de elección es el uso del método combinado de altas dosis, manteniendo sus efectos con método combinado de bajas dosis.
Laparoscopia diagnóstica en ginecología
Authors: Lenis Nicholls Nelson , Cifuentes Perea Jesús Herney , Calle Mesa Mario , Esparza Duque Carlos A. 
Published: June 2020

Se hace una revisión de 415 casos de laparoscopia diagnóstica, realizadas en el Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Caldas, durante el período enero 1976 a junio de 1981.La laparoscopia se ha utilizado como un procedimiento auxiliar para el diagnóstico en ginecología, que sin desplazar otros procedimientos, es de gran ayuda en el estudio de la esterilidad femenina y el diagnóstico de patología ginecológica.Los datos indican que las mujeres del estudio son jóvenes en su mayoría (52.6% entre los 20 y 29 años), con baja fecundidad, y presentan factores de esterilidad en alta proporción, según se establece por los hallazgos diagnósticos, muchos de ellos relacionados con procesos inflamatorios pélvicos (EPI, endometriosis, S. adherencial, etc.), o factores congénitos.El estudio habrá de servir para mejorar su técnica, incrementar el registro de datos, intensificar su uso y establecer las normas más adecuadas de su utilización.
Alto riesgo en cáncer ginecológico
Authors: Pinilla Galvis Elmer 
Published: June 2020

Durante sus etapas primigenias las enfermedades malignas cursan de manera silenciosa porque carecen en absoluto de signos y de síntomas. Con la excepción de la citología vaginal, no contamos todavía con métodos de detección de los estados preinvasores de los tumores malignos del aparato reproductor femenino, que sean a la vez inocuos, confiables, seguros, baratos, sencillos, que sirvan para todas las mujeres y que se puedan emplear con la frecuencia deseada.
Stigma Against People with Severe Mental Disorder (PSMD) with Confinement “Pemasungan”
Authors: Dewi Erti Ikhtiarini , Wuryaningsih Emi Wuri , Susanto Tantut 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRAK

Pasung adalah tindakan pengekangan atau pembatasan aktivitas secara fisik untuk mengendalikan Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ) yang tidak terkontrol oleh masyarakat biasa atau non profesional. Masalah yang dijumpai pada ODGJ yang dipasung adalah stigma dari masyarakat. Stigma merupakan salah satu faktor penghambat dalam penyembuhan ODGJ. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran stigma masyarakat terhadap ODGJ yang dipasung. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel 150 responden dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan 50.7 % masyarakat pro stigma sedangkan 49.3 % kontra stigma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih terdapat stigma tentang ODGJ yang dipasung. Stigma terhadap ODGJ yang dipasung memiliki dampak negatif pada seluruh aspek kehidupan. ODGJ sering menjadi korban pada tindakan – tindakan kriminal, didiskriminasikan, dan dikucilkan. Pemasungan pada ODGJ dapat dicegah dan diatasi dengan melibatkan peran aktif semua pihak secara komprehensif.

Kata kunci : Gangguan Jiwa, Pasung, Stigma.

ABSTRACT

Pasung is an act of restraint or physical limitation of activities to control people with mental health disorders (ODGJ) that are not controlled by ordinary people or non-professionals. The problem encountered in the installed ODGJ is the stigma from the community. Stigma is one of the inhibiting factors in healing ODGJ. The purpose of this study is to find out the description of the community's stigma of ODGJ being put in a parachute. The study design uses quantitative descriptive. Sample of 150 respondents using purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used the Community Attitudes questionnaire toward the Mentally Ill. Analysis of the data used is the frequency distribution. The results showed that 50.7% of the people were pro-stigmatized while 49.3% were counter-stigmatized. The results showed that there was still a stigma about the ODGJ being installed. The stigma of the ODGJ installed has a negative impact on all aspects of life. ODGJ are often victims of criminal acts, discriminated against and excluded. Inclusion in ODGJ can be prevented and overcome by involving the active role of all parties comprehensively.

Keywords: Mental Health Disorders, Pasung, Stigma.
Diariusz i listy. Kilka uwag o charakterze pism Kazimierza Sarneckiego
Authors: Ślęczka Tomasz 
Published: June 2020

The subject of the article is the issue of genre classification of the writings of Kazimierz Sar-necki, who was a permanent agent of the Deputy Chancellor of Lithuania Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, at the court of Jan Sobieski III.
Sarnecki’s main task was to obtain information about what was happening around the monarch — above all his state of health and all the other matters, even of the lowest importance.
Incarrying out his assigned tasks, Sarnecki kept a diary which, at intervals of about a week, he sent to his principal along with a separate letter. In it, he reported on his own activities, answered questions, and supplemented information that he did not record in the diary. They were two separate texts written independently but he sent them in one package. He used two different names to de-scribe them (diary and letter).
Researchers of old Polish literature, however, were looking for a term that would allow Sar-necki’s entire preserved output to be given one name.
Two such suggestions were made. The first of these comes from Janusz Woliński, the publisher of Sarnecki’s work, who called it a memoir. This is not a correct term because the work does not meet any of the elements of the memoir definition (Sarnecki does not focus the narrative on himself, his storytelling of the events is subordinate to a consistent pattern, there is also no time distance to the described matters).
The author of the second is Alojzy Sajkowski. He created the term “epistolographic relation” because in the diary he saw an element subordinate to the letter accounts; he also noticed the similar-ity between the writings of Sarnecki and Jan Piotrowski, who kept a diary during the siege of Pskov (1581–1582) and from time to time rephrased subsequent parts, giving them a form of a letter which he then sent to his patron, Andrzej Opaliński. This term is not correct enough either. Sarnecki was not creating one work which combined elements of a diary and a letter but two separate works — a diary and a letter. Similarities with Piotrowski’s diary only go so far — Sarnecki did not rephrase anything, but sent “raw” material, and did not include the diary into the letter.
That is why it is a better solution to use the names introduced by the author himself, because in this way we define the nature of his writing output most accurately.
Carolina Martínez Moreno. Brecha salarial de género y discriminación distributiva: causas y vías para combatirlas
Authors: Moraru Gratiela-Florentina 
Published: June 2020

Este artículo reseña: Carolina Martínez Moreno. Brecha salarial de género y discriminación distributiva: causas y vías para combatirlas. Bomarzo, Madrid, 2019.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Comparing Proximal Row Carpectomy and Four-Corner Arthrodesis
Authors: Yoo Minkyoung , Nelson Richard E. , Illing Damian A. , Martin Brook I. , Tyser Andrew R. , Kazmers Nikolas H. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
The optimal surgical treatment for scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) and scaphoid nonunion advanced collapse (SNAC) remains unclear. To inform clinical decision-makers, we conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing proximal row carpectomy (PRC) and four-corner arthrodesis (FCA).

Methods:
A Markov microsimulation model was used to compare clinical outcomes, costs, and health utilities between PRC and FCA. The model used a 10-year time horizon and a 1-month cycle length, and it was evaluated from the societal perspective. Utilities and clinical parameters including transition probabilities for debridement for infection, removal of implants, conversion to total wrist arthrodesis, revision FCA, and revision total wrist arthrodesis were obtained from published literature. Timing of complications was estimated from the literature. Direct medical costs were derived from Medicare ambulatory surgical cost data, and indirect costs for missed work due to surgical procedures and complications were included. The effectiveness outcome was quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Probabilistic sensitivity analysis and 1-way threshold analysis for utilities were performed.

Results:
In the base-case model, PRC dominated FCA (i.e., PRC had lower cost and greater effectiveness). The mean (and standard deviation) for the total cost and QALYs per patient were $30,970 ± $5,931 and 8.24 ± 1.28, respectively, for PRC and $44,526 ± $11,205 and 8.23 ± 1.26, respectively, for FCA. In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, PRC dominated FCA in 57% of the 1 million iterations. The cost-effectiveness acceptability curve indicated that PRC is the most cost-effective strategy regardless of the willingness-to-pay threshold up to $100,000/QALY.

Conclusions:
PRC dominated FCA in the base-case analysis and in the probabilistic sensitivity analysis. These results suggest that PRC is the optimal strategy for Stage-I or II SLAC and for SNAC in patients ≥55 years of age.

Level of Evidence:
Economic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Tumors of the Hand and the Wrist
Authors: Strike Sophia A. , Puhaindran Mark E. 
Published: June 2020

» Most tumors of the hand and the wrist are benign; however, malignant conditions can mimic benign tumors and must be worked up accordingly.» Advanced imaging should be followed by biopsy before definitive treatment of tumors of unknown diagnosis.» The most common soft-tissue masses in the hand and the wrist are ganglion cysts, whereas the most common bone tumors are enchondromas.
Analysis of the Status Quo of the Elderly’s Demands of medical and elderly care Combination in the Underdeveloped Regions of Western China and Its Influencing Factors: A Case Study of Lanzhou
Authors: Wang Jiancheng , Wang Yunhua , Cai Hui , Zhang Juxia , Pan Bei , Bao Guoxian , Guo Tiankang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aims to analyse the current demand by senior citizens in Lanzhou, Chin for a combination of medical and elderly care services and to identify the factors influencing their needs.Methods: 7500 participants aged 60 or above living in Lanzhou, China, were recruited, a unified questionnaire concerning elderly people’s demand for a service combining medical and elderly care has been adopted to survey these subjects. The status quo of the demand of the service combining medical and elderly care and its influencing factors were analysed with the single-factor Chi-square test and multi-factor binomial logistic regression method.Results: 3,772 of 7,320 older people have the demand for the service combining medical and elderly care, accounting for 53.15% of survey respondents. Many factors are in play, including gender, marital status, degree of education, occupation before retirement, number of children, monthly income, health self-assessment status, endowment insurance type, medical insurance type, current nursing arrangements, old-age demands, self-care ability and the knowledge of combining medical and elderly care and the willingness to pay for the combination of medical and elderly care have statistical significance (P<0.05) with the elderly’s needs, different ages, living styles and the prevalence of chronic diseases, have no statistical significance (P>0.05) with the elderly’s care needs in Lanzhou. The number of children, type of medical insurance and willingness to pay for a combination of medical treatment and nursing care are major influencing factors among the complex factors influencing the elderly’s demand for the proposed service.Conclusions: The low knowledge rate and demand rate, the number of children, the type of medical insurance, and the willingness to pay for a medical-nursing combination service for the elderly in Lanzhou have a great impact on the elderly’s demand rate for combining medical and elderly care. Meanwhile, relevant government departments should focus more on the promotion of the endowment model of combining medical and elderly care and provide integrated medical care services by integrating multiple resources, and improving social security.
Comparison of the clinical and MRI features of patients with hepatic hemangioma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, or angiosarcoma
Authors: Liu Zhuangsheng , Yi Lilei , Chen Junhao , Li Ruqiong , Liang Keming , Chen Xiangmeng , Li Ronggang , Long Wansheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Comparisons of hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE), hepatic hemangioma, and hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) have rarely been reported. The purpose of our study was to analyze the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of these conditions. Methods A total of 57 patients (25 with hemangioma, 13 with HEHE, and 19 with HAS) provided hepatic vascular endothelial cell data between June 2006 and May 2017. Results The proportions of cases with circumscribed margins were 88% (22/25), 84.6% (11/3), and 31.6% (6/19) for hemangioma, HEHE, and HAS, respectively (P<0.001). HAS lesions were less likely to have circumscribed margins. The proportions of lesions with hemorrhaging were 4% (1/25), 44.4% (4/13), and 36.8% (7/13) for hemangioma, HEHE, and HAS, respectively (P=0.014). HEHE and HAS cases were more likely to show heterogeneous signals on T1-weighted (T1WI) MRI. HEHE and HAS cases were more likely to show heterogeneous signals on T2-weighted (T2WI) MRI. Centripetal enhancement was the most common pattern in vascular tumors, with proportions of 100%, 46.2% (6/13), and 68.4% (13/19) for hemangioma, HEHE, and HAS, respectively. The difference in enhancement pattern between HEHE and HAS was not significant, but rim enhancement was more common for HEHE (46.2%, 6/13). Conclusions Our study revealed clinical and imaging differences between HEHE and HAS. The platelet count (PLT) and coagulation function of the HAS group decreased, whereas the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level increased. The 5-year survival rate for HAS was significantly lower than that of HEHE. A higher malignancy degree indicated a more blurred lesion margin, easier occurrence of hemorrhaging, and more heterogeneous plain T1WI and T2WI signals.
Hospitalizations for viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age: epidemiology and in-hospital complications
Authors: Zurita-Cruz Jessie , Gutierrez-Gonzalez Alejandro , Manuel-Apolinar Leticia , Fernández-Gárate José Esteban , Arellano-Flores María Luisa , Eng Roberto Alejandro Correa Gonzalez , Vazquez-Rosales Guillermo , Sanchez-Armas Rocio , Cisneros Nelly 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) are a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. A history of prematurity or heart disease may be a risk factor for complications in patients hospitalized for VRI. The objective was to describe epidemiological data for children hospitalized for IRV and aged 1 to 24 months and to identify risk factors for the presence of in-hospital complications and mortality over a period of 5 years.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Patients registered with VRI codes B974, J12, J120-J129X, J168, J17, J171, J178, J20, J203-J209, J21, J210, J211, J218, J219 (based on International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10]) from 2013 to 2017 were included. Three subanalyses were performed to compare (1) patients with pathological history (prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD] and congenital heart disease [CHD]), (2) diagnoses (pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and acute bronchiolitis), and (3) admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. Days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications, invasive medical procedure and mortality were analyzed. Statistical analysis: VRI hospitalization prevalence was described. For comparison between groups, Student's t-test, ANOVA and the Chi2 test were applied. To identify factors related to days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications and mortality, a linear and logistic regression model was performed.Results: A total of 66,304 hospitalizations were reported. The average age was 14.7 weeks; hospitalization events were higher in winter (39%), followed by autumn (27.3%). A total of 371 (0.56%) patients died. A total of 7,068 (10.6%) hospitalized patients with pathological histories were identified. The presence of BPD (coefficient = 1.6), CHD (coefficient = 1.2), diagnosis of pneumonia (coefficient = 1.2), in-hospital complications (coefficient = 2.1) and invasive medical procedures (coefficient = 15.7) were the most common factors that increased the length of hospital stay. Risk factors for in-hospital complications and mortality were invasive medical procedure (OR = 3.3 & 11.7), BPD (OR=1.8 & 1.6), CHD (OR = 4.6 & 3.4) and diagnosis of pneumonia (OR= 1.8 & 4.2).Conclusions: Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for VRIs are BPD and CHD, diagnosis of pneumonia and invasive medical procedure.
Access to primary healthcare services and associated factors in urban slums in Nairobi-Kenya
Authors: Otieno Peter O. , Wambiya Elvis Omondi Achach , Mohamed Shukri M , Mutua Martin Kavao , Kibe Peter M , Mwangi Bonventure , Donfouet Hermann Pythagore Pierre 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Access to primary healthcare is crucial for the delivery of Kenya’s universal health coverage policy. However, disparities in healthcare have proved to be the biggest challenge for implementing primary care in poor-urban resource settings. In this study, we assessed the level of access to primary healthcare services and associated factors in urban slums in Nairobi-Kenya. Methods: The data were drawn from the Lown scholars’ study of 300 randomly selected households in Viwandani slums (Nairobi, Kenya), between June and July 2018. Access to primary care was measured using Penchansky and Thomas’ model. Access index was constructed using principal component analysis and recorded into tertiles with categories labeled as poor, moderate, and highest. Generalized ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with access to primary care. The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95 percent confidence intervals were used to interpret the strength of associations. Results: The odds of being in the highest access tertile versus the combined categories of lowest and moderate access tertile were 3.5 times higher for males than female-headed households (AOR 3.05 [95% CI 1.47-6.37]; p<.05). Households with an average quarterly out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure of ≥$30 had significantly lower odds of being in the highest versus combined categories of lowest and moderate access tertile compared to those spending ≤ $5.(AOR 0.36 [95% CI 0.18-0.74]; p<.05). Households that sought primary care from private facilities had significantly higher odds of being in the highest versus combined categories of lowest and moderate access tertiles compared to the public facilities (AOR 6.64 [95% CI 3.67-12.01]; p<.001). Conclusion: In Nairobi slums in Kenya, living in a female-headed household, seeking care from a public facility, and paying out of pocket for healthcare are significantly associated with low access to primary care. Therefore, the design of the UHC program in this setting should prioritize quality improvement in public health facilities and focus on policies that encourage economic empowerment of female-headed households to improve access to primary healthcare
Chronic patients’ satisfaction and priorities regarding medical care, information and services and quality of life: a French online patient community survey
Authors: Adé Apolline , Debroucker Frédérique , Delporte Laura , De Monclin Cécile , Fayet Emmanuel , LEGENDRE Pierre , Radoszycki Lise , Chekroun Michael 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The French healthcare system is evolving to meet the challenges of an aging population, the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, the development of new technologies and the increasing involvement of patients in the management of their disease. The aim of this study is to assess the satisfaction and priorities of chronic patients regarding medical care, information and services and their quality of life.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March 2018 via the French Carenity platform. Adult patients enrolled in type 1 diabetes, heart failure or obesity communities were invited to answer an online questionnaire. A numeric scale from 0 (meaning not satisfied) to 5 was used to evaluate patients’ satisfaction. Patients’ priorities were assessed using a ranking question. Patients’ satisfaction and priorities have been combined in a matrix to identify patients’ expectations.Results: 67 respondents of each condition answered a questionnaire. The most important and least satisfactory items about medical care are availability and active listening from healthcare providers, as well as access to coordinated and multidisciplinary care. Regarding information and services, respondents mostly expect connected medical devices, in addition to lifestyle and dietary measures. As for the quality of life, respondents fear that their chronic condition will keep impacting their daily mood and ability to do physical activities.Conclusions: This study shows that chronic patients want to be more actively involved in their care pathway. Patient training and therapeutic patient education programs could help them manage their chronic conditions within a patient-centred healthcare system.