bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study the influence of silver and cobalt on the photocatalytic activity of copper oxide nanoparticles for the degradation of methyl orange and real wastewater dyes
Authors: Zeid E F Abo , Ibrahem I A , Mohamed Walied A A , Ali Atif Mossad 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
CuO (S1) Single pure component nanoparticles (SPCNPs), Ag/CuO (S2) binary component hybrid nanoparticles (BCHNPS), Co1/Ag/CuO (S3), and Co2/Ag/CuO (S4) ternary component hybrid nanoparticles (TCHNPS) were synthesized via co-precipitation method. Several spectroscopic methods investigated the characterization of the prepared catalysts. Based on Crystal properties, CuO exhibit a monoclinic phase (tenorite); the grain size of the prepared samples was 28.15 nm, 29.42 nm, 27.86 nm, and 26.67 nm for S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively. The addition of different content from Co as a dopant to silver decorated CuO gives a clear change to a flake shape. The presence of the IR absorption peaks in the region 400–600 cm−1 matched to the distinctive stretching vibrations of Cu–O bonds in the monoclinic phase structure of CuO. Disappearance of the Raman peaks of CuO and appearing of the new characteristic peaks of cobalt oxide confirms the doping process. Using DRS analysis, arrange of the bandgap values were S1 > S2 > S3 > S4. For the synthetic methyl orange and raw industrial dye, the photodegradation parameters were measured. The results show the excellent activity of Co2/Ag/CuO NPS compared with other samples. Electrical studies of the catalysts show a higher value for the dielectric constant in the higher and lower frequency regions for the sample S4. The hopping process of the charge carrier’s improving as a result of the increase of applied field frequency which leads to an increase in the material conductivity.
A pediatric desensitization protocol for etoposide
Authors: Martinez Nicole , Miyasaki Ashley , Roh Lucy , Koole William , Fernandez Karen S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The implementation of a pediatric desensitization protocol specific to etoposide in an adolescent with Hodgkin lymphoma is described.

Summary
Etoposide is part of many chemotherapy regimens used to treat malignancies in children and adults, and it is also part of the backbone of many regimens used in clinical trials. Etoposide is known to produce hypersensitivity reactions during administration. Substitution with etoposide phosphate, which has less potential for hypersensitivity reactions, is used in place of etoposide after severe hypersensitivity reactions. Etoposide desensitization protocols (EDPs) have been reported in adult patients.

Conclusion
The implementation of an etoposide desensitization protocol for pediatric patients is safe and helpful to prevent the elimination of etoposide from treatment protocols. The use of an EDP allowed the patient to remain on clinical trial and complete the prescribed treatment.
The Hidden Impacts of Phosphorus Pollution to Streams and Rivers
Authors: Mallin Michael A , Cahoon Lawrence B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Phosphorus (P) enrichment to streams, lakes, and estuaries is increasing throughout the United States. P loading is typically viewed from a harmful algal bloom perspective; if added P causes excess growths of phytoplankton or macroalgae, it may become targeted for control. However, P loading also contributes to two other non–algae-based aquatic problems. Field and experimental evidence shows that P loading directly stimulates growth of aquatic bacteria, which can increase to concentrations that exert a significant biochemical oxygen demand on water bodies, contributing to hypoxia, a widespread impairment. Experimental evidence also demonstrates that fecal bacterial growth can be significantly stimulated by P loading, increasing health risks through exposure or the consumption of contaminated shellfish and causing economic losses from beach and shellfish area closures. Resource managers need to look beyond algal bloom stimulation and should consider the broader roles that excess P loading can have on ecosystem function and microbiological safety for humans.
High Prevalence of Male Sexual Dysfunction in a Prospective Multicenter VA Inflammatory Bowel Disease Population
Authors: Gaidos Jill K J , Naik Katrina , Dave Jenny , Yao Michael , Hou Jason K , Cipher Daisha J , Smith Andrew D , Feagins Linda A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of and risk factors for sexual dysfunction (SD) in male veterans with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods
We collected IBD history, quality of life (QOL), and sexual function surveys.

Results
One hundred seventy-one men enrolled, mean age 50 years, 85% had SD, 92% had erectile dysfunction (ED). More severe ED (P = 0.0001), decreased sexual desire (P = 0.004), and decreased satisfaction (P = 0.001) were associated with poorer QOL. Biologic use was associated with increased SD; hypertension with a decrease in sexual desire.

Conclusions
SD and ED are highly prevalent and associated with poorer QOL.
Should China’s Competition Model be Exported?: A Reply to Wendy Ng
Authors: Fox Eleanor M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The Chinese competition model is primarily distinguished by its Chinese characteristics: a baseline that closely resembles US/EU law and an overlay of ‘state over market’ to do what is strategically good for China. Replying to Wendy Ng’s suggestion that the Chinese competition model might be usefully exported to developing countries, this article disagrees. The Chinese law does have some outstanding characteristics, and developing countries might need a state/market balance different from the laissez-faire West. But a more appropriate alternative vision for developing democracies is the state as enabler of the market rather than the state as controller of the market, along with emphasis on the inclusiveness value in controlling the power of the giant corporations.
First Draft Genome of the Sable, Martes zibellina
Authors: Liu Guangshuai , Zhao Chao , Xu Dongming , Zhang Huanxin , Monakhov Vladimir , Shang Shuai , Gao Xiaodong , Sha Weilai , Ma Jianzhang , Zhang Wei , Tang Xuexi , Li Bo , Hua Yan , Cao Xiaofang , Liu Zhen , Zhang Honghai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMembers of genus Martes provide early warning signals about forest ecosystem health and are designated as a Management Indicator Species. As one of the most widespread members in Martes, the sable (Martes zibellina) is a circumboreal small predator found throughout all taiga zoogeographical zones of Eurasia and shows distinct population differentiation and morphological variations. To support further studies on striking local adaptation and population evolution, we present the first sable genome, assembled de novo from an individual originating in the Great Khingan Mountains (China). The assembled genome is 2.42 Gb, consisting of 15,814 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 5.20 Mb. Searches for complete Mammalia BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Ortholog) gene groups found that 95.15% of the curated single-copy orthologs were assembled as complete, suggesting a high level of completeness of the genome. We totally predicted 19,413 protein-coding genes, and 0.82 Gb of repeat sequences was annotated. We also detected 1,257 olfactory receptor genes and found more functional olfactory receptor genes in sable than in other Mustelidae species, which provide a possible genetic explanation for the acute sense of smell of the sable for searching the preys under deep snow. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the ferret (Mustela putorius furo) and sea otter (Enhydra lutris) form a clade that is sister to the sable, which was dated ∼16.4 Ma. Overall, our study provided the first reference genome for research in a broad range of areas including local adaptations, population evolution, conservation, and management for sable.
Micro-econometric analysis of innovative start-ups: the role of firm-specific factors and industry context in innovation propensity
Authors: Capozza Claudia , Salomone Sergio , Somma Ernesto 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe explore the innovation-enabling factors in young innovative companies (YICs) considering different elements of firm-specific absorptive capacity along with factors related to the industrial structure. Evidence from Italian YICs, known as innovative start-ups whose creation was prompted by the Start-up Act in 2012, shows that absorptive capacity factors matter with differences for product and process innovation. Moreover, the configuration of the industry context remarkably shape innovation, providing implications for policy-makers seeking to improve the national competitiveness by sustaining new ventures of high technological value.
Ecological engineering approaches in coral reef restoration
Authors: Rinkevich Baruch 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe combined accelerated footprint of climate change and enhanced anthropogenic pressures and the poor outcomes of many traditional management activities raise the needs for active reef restoration tactics (targeting coral mariculture/transplantation), backed by ecological engineering approaches. These approaches include, among others, the use of ecosystem engineer species, which, through modifications in their physical or biological properties, they create new habitats characterized by novel biodiversity (through either autogeny or allogeny engineering acts). Only a small number of studies on coral reef restoration have discussed/mentioned “ecological engineering” or “coral reef engineering”. Examining reef restoration publications (2016–2019; 145 publications) reveals only 39 (26.9%) dealing with ecological engineering aspects, with 10 classes of “applications” (26 publications) and 4 classes of “properties” (n = 13). Ecological engineering “applications” incorporate all aspects of reef restoration, while the ecological engineering “properties” deal with assisted genetics, coral chimerism, aqua-culturing reef-dwelling organisms, and the consideration of life history parameters of maricultured/transplanted key species. Yet, many ecological engineering applications focus on particular coral species, addressing their specific community issues, while only few address the needs of the entire ecosystem/landscape restoration. It is concluded that rather than trying to return ecosystems to historic states, ecological engineering should shift towards creating novel ecosystems not existed before.
Commentary on the study of Roy et al. Amygdala Based Altered mir-128-3p in Conferring Susceptibility to Depression-like Behavior via Wnt Signalling
Authors: Serafini Gianluca , Trabucco Alice , Amerio Andrea , Aguglia Andrea , Amore Mario 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The study of Roy and colleagues recently accepted for publication in International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology is a very interesting report investigating the role of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) in vulnerability or resistance to major depressive disorder in a specific brain region (e.g., amygdala). MiRNAs may act as a mega-controller of gene expression being involved in the pathogenesis of major neuropsychiatric conditions. Interestingly, some of the altered miRNAs (e.g., hsa-miR-425-3p, miR-425, miR-674-3p, and miR-873-3p) identified in this study were found to be dysregulated even in existing studies, but several methodological issues may hamper the translation of basic research findings in clinical studies. MiRNAs are proposed as possible biomarkers of disease and treatment response to disentangle the biological complexity underlying major affective disorders. The main implications regarding the present findings are discussed.
Uniqueness of Polarization for the Autonomous 4-dimensional Painlevé-type Systems
Authors: Nakamura Akane , Rains Eric 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We prove that for any autonomous 4-dimensional integral system of Painlevé type, the Jacobian of the generic spectral curve has a unique polarization, and thus by Torelli’s theorem cannot be isomorphic as an unpolarized abelian surface to any other Jacobian. This enables us to identify the spectral curve and any irreducible genus 2 component of the boundary of an affine patch of the Liouville torus.
IFN-α Suppresses Myeloid Cytokine Production, Impairing IL-12 Production and the Ability to Support T-Cell Proliferation
Authors: Mehrotra Aman , D’Angelo June Ann , Romney-Vanterpool Amanda , Chu Tom , Bertoletti Antonio , Janssen Harry L A , Gehring Adam J 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundInterferon-α (IFN-α) can suppress production of T-cell polarizing cytokines or induce inhibitory antigen-presenting cells that suppress T-cell activation. Previous studies showed that IFN-α therapy fails to boost virus-specific T-cell immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Our aim was to determine whether IFN-α exposure alters human antigen-presenting cell function in vivo.MethodsWe investigated the immunomodulatory effects using peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors exposed to IFN-α and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients starting IFN-α therapy.ResultsIFN-α increased HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, and PD-L1 expression on healthy donor monocytes. In contrast to the activated phenotype, IFN-α inhibited Toll-like receptor-induced cytokine production and monocyte-induced T-cell proliferation. In CHB patients, peg-IFN treatment induced an interferon-stimulated gene signature in monocytes and increased HLA-DR, CD80, CD86, and PD-L1 expression. As early as 3 days after CHB patients started treatment, IFN-α inhibited monocyte cytokine production and T-cell stimulation ex vivo. IFN-α-mediated inhibition of IL-12 production, rather than inhibitory receptor expression, was responsible for inhibition of T-cell proliferation. Addition of IL-12 restored T-cell proliferation to baseline levels.ConclusionsUnderstanding how professional antigen-presenting cells respond to immunomodulation is important for both new innate and adaptive-targeted immunotherapies.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT00962871.
World Patient Safety Day: the Tuscany region at the forefront of quality of care
Authors: Albolino Sara , Dagliana Giulia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Echoing the World Health Organization’s (WHO) request, the Patient Safety Declaration, launched by Health First Europe at the European Parliament, calls on policymakers, authorities and health professionals, patients and citizens to come together to build health systems that can help health professionals work better for patient-centred outcomes. The objective is to prevent the occurrence of adverse events arising from clinical care activities to focus resources on reducing the impact of the disease by promoting safer health systems and higher quality standards for patient safety in Europe. The Declaration intends to promote a European patient safety culture, starting with safety practices and exchanging effective practices to reduce adverse events arising from health activities. Tuscany, the fifth largest region of Italy, is strongly committed to make this happen. Its Regional Centre for Clinical Risk Management and Patient Safety and WHO Collaborating Centre (GRC Centre—Centro Gestione Rischio Clinico e Sicurezza del Paziente) aims at developing and promoting practices for safety, awareness raising and the analysis of adverse events for the constant improvement of care delivery.
The Value of All-Cause Mortality as a Metric for Assessing Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Yaffe Martin J , Mainprize James G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Although screening mammography has been demonstrated to contribute to reducing mortality due to breast cancer, some have suggested that reduced all-cause mortality should constitute the burden of proof for effectiveness. Using a microsimulation model of the development, detection, and treatment of breast cancer, it is straightforward to demonstrate that this is an unrealistic expectation for trials of practical size and period of observation, even where the reduction of breast cancer mortality is substantial. Estimates of all-cause mortality will depend not only on the efficacy of the screening intervention but also on the alignment between the age distribution of the effect of screening on reduction of deaths and that of the other major causes of death. The size of a randomized trial required to demonstrate a reduction in all-cause mortality will, therefore, depend on the length and timing of the observation period and will typically be at least 10 times larger than the size of a trial powered to test for a reduction in deaths due to breast cancer. For breast cancer, which represents a small fraction of overall deaths, all-cause mortality is neither a practical nor informative metric for assessing the effectiveness of screening.
Comparative Effectiveness of Different Radical Radiotherapy Treatment Regimens for Prostate Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Pettersson Andreas , Alm Daniel , Garmo Hans , Hjelm Eriksson Marie , Castellanos Enrique , Åström Lennart , Kindblom Jon , Widmark Anders , Gunnlaugsson Adalsteinn , Franck Lissbrant Ingela , Nilsson Per , Stattin Pär 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear which radiotherapy technique and dose fractionation scheme is most effective in decreasing the risk of prostate cancer death.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study among 15 164 men in the Prostate Cancer database Sweden (version 4.0) treated with primary radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer in Sweden from 1998 to 2016. We calculated hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between the following exposure groups and outcome: conventionally fractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to 78 Gy (39 × 2 Gy), EBRT combined with high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) (25 × 2 Gy + 2 × 10 Gy), conventionally fractionated EBRT to 70 Gy (35 × 2 Gy), and moderately hypofractionated (M-HF) dose-escalated EBRT (29 × 2.5 Gy or 22 × 3 Gy).ResultsOf the men, 7296 received conventionally fractionated EBRT to 78 Gy, 4657 EBRT combined with HDR-BT, 1672 conventionally fractionated EBRT to 70 Gy, and 1539 M-HF EBRT. Using EBRT to 78 Gy as the reference, the multivariable hazard ratios (95% CIs) of prostate cancer death was 0.64 (0.53 to 0.78) for EBRT combined with HDR-BT, 1.00 (0.80 to 1.27) for EBRT to 70 Gy, and 1.51 (0.99 to 2.32) for M-HF EBRT. The multivariable hazard ratios (95% CIs) for death from any cause were 0.79 (0.71 to 0.88), 0.99 (0.87 to 1.14), and 1.12 (0.88 to 1.42), respectively. The lower risk of prostate cancer death comparing EBRT combined with HDR-BT with conventionally fractionated EBRT to 78 Gy was more pronounced for men with high-risk or poorly differentiated tumors.ConclusionsIn this study, EBRT combined with HDR-BT was the most effective radiotherapy treatment regimen, especially for poorly differentiated tumors. Randomized trials comparing EBRT combined with HDR-BT with dose-escalated EBRT should be a priority.
A case of high-grade mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma
Authors: Miura Koujin , Adachi Yasushi , Shirahase Toshiaki , Nagashima Yoji , Suemune Kazuki , Sakaida Noriko , Nakano Yorika , Sakai Yasuhiro , Shimizu Shigeki , Ikehara Susumu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) is a rare renal cell carcinoma that initially presents as low-grade renal cell carcinoma. However, cases of MTSCC with high-grade histology and poor prognosis have been reported. Here, we report a case of MTSCC with high-grade histological features and metastasis. A 77-year-old woman consulted a hospital following frequent and painful micturition. Computed tomography scan revealed a tumor of the left kidney. First, chemotherapy was performed, with no effects. Therefore, nephrectomy was subsequently performed. Histologically, the tumor showed the features of MTSCC with sarcomatoid component. Metastasis of the tumor into the lymph node was also observed. Although adjuvant chemotherapy was performed after nephrectomy, metastasis to the lungs and bone and local recurrence was observed. The patient is still alive 2 years after nephrectomy with metastasis and recurrence of the tumor. High-grade MTSCC shows a relatively poor prognosis, specifically MTSCC with metastasis upon nephrectomy.
Characterization of M-stars in the LMC in the JWST era
Authors: Marini E , Dell’Agli F , Di Criscienzo M , García-Hernández D A , Ventura P , Groenewegen M A T , Mattsson L , Kamath D , Puccetti S , Tailo M , Villaver E 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTWe study the M-type asymptotic giant branch (AGB) population of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) by characterizing the individual sources in terms of the main properties of the progenitors and of the dust present in the circumstellar envelope. To this aim we compare the combination of the spectroscopic and photometric data collected by Spitzer, complemented by additional photometric results available in the literature, with results from AGB modelling that include the description of dust formation in the wind. To allow the interpretation of a paucity stars likely evolving through the post-AGB phase, we extended the available evolutionary sequences to reach the PN phase. The main motivation of the present analysis is to prepare the future observations of the evolved stellar populations of Local Group galaxies that will be done by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), by identifying the combination of filters that will maximize the possibilities of characterizing the observed sources. The present results show that for the M-star case the best planes to be used for this purpose are the colour magnitude ([F770W]–[F2550W], [F770W]) and (KS–[F770W], [F770W]) planes. In these observational diagrams the sequences of low-mass stars evolving in the AGB phases before the achievement of the C-star stage and of massive AGBs experiencing hot bottom burning are clearly separated and peculiar sources, such as post-AGB, dual-dust chemistry, and iron-dust stars can be easily identified.
The redshift evolution of rest-UV spectroscopic properties to z ∼ 5
Authors: Pahl Anthony J , Shapley Alice , Faisst Andreas L , Capak Peter L , Du Xinnan , Reddy Naveen A , Laursen Peter , Topping Michael W 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
We perform a comprehensive analysis of the redshift evolution of the rest-UV spectra of star-forming galaxies out to z ∼ 5. We combine new z ∼ 5 measurements of H i Ly α and low- and high-ionization interstellar metal absorption features with comparable measurements at z ∼ 2–4. We measure the equivalent widths of interstellar absorption features using stacked spectra in bins of Ly α equivalent width, performing corrections to Ly α strengths based on a model for the transmission of the intergalactic medium. We find a strong correlation between decreasing low-ionization absorption strength and increasing Ly α emission strength over the redshift range z ∼ 2–5, suggesting that both of these quantities are fundamentally linked to neutral gas covering fraction. At the highest Ly α equivalent widths, we observe evolution at z ∼ 5 towards greater Ly α emission strength at fixed low-ionization absorption strength. If we interpret the non-evolving relationship of Ly α emission strength and low-ionization line strength at z ∼ 2−4 as primarily reflecting the radiative transfer of Ly α photons, this evolution at z ∼ 5 suggests a higher intrinsic production rate of Ly α photons than at lower redshift. Our conclusion is supported by the joint evolution of the relationships among Ly α emission strength, interstellar absorption strength, and dust reddening. We perform additional analysis in bins of stellar mass, star formation rate, UV luminosity, and age, examining how the relationships between galaxy properties and Ly α emission evolve towards higher redshift. We conclude that increasing intrinsic Ly α photon production and strong detection of nebular C iv emission (signalling lower metallicity) at z ∼ 5 indicate an elevated ionized photon production efficiency (ξion).