bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Readmissions after ovarian cancer cytoreduction surgery: The first 30 days and beyond
Authors: Mardock Alexandra L. , Rudasill Sarah E. , Lai Tiffany S. , Sanaiha Yas , Wong Deanna H. , Sinno Abdulrahman K. , Benharash Peyman , Cohen Joshua G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPostoperative readmissions are often used to assess quality of surgical care. This study compared 30‐day vs 31‐ to 90‐day readmission following surgery for ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer.MethodsThis retrospective study of the 2010‐2015 Nationwide Readmissions Database characterized 90‐day readmissions following cytoreductive surgery for these cancers. Each patient's first postoperative hospitalization was included. Univariate analysis compared patient demographics and reasons for readmission. Multivariable regression identified independent predictors of readmission.ResultsOf an estimated 76 652 patients, 10 264 (13.4%) were readmitted within 30 days, and 6942 (9.1%) between 31 and 90 days. The 30‐day readmissions were more frequently associated with postoperative infection, while 31‐ to 90‐day readmissions were more frequently associated with renal or hematologic diagnoses. Predictors of any 90‐day readmission included index hospitalization longer than 7 days (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.61 [1.48‐1.75], P < .001), extended surgical procedure (AOR 1.41 [1.30‐1.53], P < .001), pulmonary circulation disorder (AOR = 1.34 [1.13‐1.60], P = .001), and diabetes mellitus (AOR = 1.12 [1.02‐1.24], P = .020).ConclusionsReadmission rates remain high during the 31‐ to 90‐day postoperative period in ovarian cancer patients, although these readmissions are less frequently related to postoperative complications. Prospective study is merited to optimize surveillance beyond the initial 30 days after ovarian cancer surgery.
Preparation and characterization of molecularly imprinted polymers based on β‐cyclodextrin‐stabilized Pickering emulsion polymerization for selective recognition of erythromycin from river water and milk
Authors: Li Tianhao , Li Xiufang , Liu Hui , Deng Zhiwei , Zhang Yunshan , Zhang Zhuomin , He Yao , Yang Yanjing , Zhong Shian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMolecularly imprinted polymers were prepared via β‐cyclodextrin‐stabilized oil‐in‐water Pickering emulsion polymerization for selective recognition and adsorption of erythromycin. The synthesized molecularly imprinted polymers were spherical in shape, with diameters ranging from 20 to 40 µm. The molecularly imprinted polymers showed high adsorption capacity (87.08 mg/g) and adsorption isotherm data fitted well with Langmuir model. Adsorption kinetics study demonstrated that the molecularly imprinted polymers acted in a fast adsorption kinetic pattern and the adsorption features of molecularly imprinted polymers followed a pseudo‐first‐order model. Adsorption selectivity analysis revealed that molecularly imprinted polymers had a much better specificity for erythromycin than that for spiramycin or amoxicillin, and the relative selectivity coefficient values on the bases of spiramycin and amoxicillin were 3.97 and 3.86, respectively. The Molecularly imprinted polymers also showed a satisfactory reusability after four times of regeneration. In addition, molecularly imprinted polymers exhibited good adsorption capacities for erythromycin under complicated environment, that is, river water and milk. These results proved that the as‐prepared molecularly imprinted polymers is a potent absorbent for selective recognition of erythromycin, and therefore it may be a promising candidate for practical applications, such as wastewater treatment and detection of erythromycin residues in food.
Preparation of highly responsive monodisperse magnetic porous silica microspheres for the enrichment of cephalosporins in wastewater
Authors: Bai Ruiting , Chang Chaoqun , Chen Lei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHighly responsive monodisperse microsized magnetic silica microspheres were synthesized through the electrostatic self‐assembly method. Monodisperse composite silica microspheres were prepared by depositing tetraethyl orthosilicate prepolymer on the glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate microspheres. After calcination, the organic moiety was removed and macroporous microspheres were left on the silica particles. To increase the selectivity, magnetic porous silica was bonded with different alkyl functional groups. The morphology, particle size distribution, magnetic properties, and functional groups of magnetic porous silica microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, coulter counter, vibrating sample magnetometry, X‐ray diffraction, and elemental analysis, respectively. Extraction parameters, including pH, the salt concentration of the adsorbed solution, adsorption time, elution solvent, and time, were systematically investigated. The developed magnetic solid‐phase extraction method, combined with high‐performance liquid chromatography, presented reasonable linearity (0.5–10 µg/mL), low limit of detection (45.0–108.0 ng/mL), and high selectivity for cefadroxil, cefquinome, and cefradine. It was operated in three kinds of cephalosporins detection from wastewater with the relative recovery rates in the range of 86.5–97.0%. These results indicated that the synthesized magnetic microsphere is a promising adsorbent for the enrichment of cephalosporins.
Use of Upland and Riparian Areas by Wintering Bald Eagles and Implications for Wind Energy
Authors: Schmuecker Sara J. , Becker Drew A. , Lanzone Michael J. , Fogg Bob , Romano Susan P. , Katzner Todd E. , Miller Tricia A. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTWeather can shape movements of animals and alter their exposure to anthropogenic threats. Bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) are increasingly at risk from collision with turbines used in onshore wind energy generation. In the midwestern United States, development of this energy source typically occurs in upland areas that bald eagles use only intermittently. Our objective was to determine the factors that cause wintering bald eagles to occupy riparian areas and riskier, upland areas. We tracked 20 bald eagles using telemetry in the Upper Midwest (MN, IA, MO, WI, IL, USA) during winter 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 and evaluated habitat use by eagles in response to variation in weather and time of year. Eagles used riparian areas more when wind speed and atmospheric pressure were low. Exclusive use of uplands was more frequent during weather systems with low pressure and high humidity and after long periods of cold weather. There was a non‐linear response to time of year (measured by days before migration) in the frequency of exclusive use of uplands or riparian areas. Probability of exclusive use of either landscape was generally constant within 95 days prior to migration. The probability of use of riparian areas, however, was markedly less during dates >100 days before migration. Our results suggest that eagles are most likely to be exposed to wind energy developments located in upland areas during low pressure systems, after long periods of cold weather, and several months before the onset of spring migration. This information helps to better understand the factors influencing bald eagle habitat use in winter and will be useful to managers and developers wishing to establish effective strategies to avoid, minimize, and mitigate take, and to survey for mortalities at wind energy developments. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Effectiveness of Partial Sedation to Reduce Stress in Captured Mule Deer
Authors: Ortega Anna C. , Dwinnell Samantha P. , Lasharr Tayler N. , Jakopak Rhiannon P. , Denryter Kristin , Huggler Katey S. , Hayes Matthew M. , Aikens Ellen O. , Verzuh Tana L. , May Alexander B. , Kauffman Matthew J. , Monteith Kevin L. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTInformation garnered from the capture and handling of free‐ranging animals helps advance understanding of wildlife ecology and can aid in decisions on wildlife management. Unfortunately, animals may experience increased levels of stress, injuries, and death resulting from captures (e.g., exertional myopathy, trauma). Partial sedation is a technique proposed to alleviate stress in animals during capture, yet efficacy of partial sedation for reducing stress and promoting survival post‐capture remains unclear. We evaluated the effects of partial sedation on physiological, biochemical, and behavioral indicators of acute stress and probability of survival post‐capture for mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) that were captured via helicopter net‐gunning in the eastern Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, Wyoming, USA. We administered 10–30 mg of midazolam and 15 mg of azaperone intramuscularly (IM) to 32 mule deer in 2016 and 53 mule deer in 2017, and maintained a control group (captured but not sedated) of 38 mule deer in 2016 and 54 mule deer in 2017. To evaluate indicators of acute stress, we measured heart rate, blood‐oxygen saturation, body temperature, respiration rate, and levels of serum cortisol. We recorded number of kicks and vocalizations of deer during handling and evaluated behavior during release. We also measured levels of fecal glucocorticoids as an indicator of baseline stress. Midazolam and azaperone did not reduce physiological, biochemical, or behavioral indicators of acute stress or influence probability of survival post‐capture. Mule deer that were administered midazolam and azaperone, however, were more likely to hesitate, stumble or fall, and walk during release compared with individuals in the control group, which were more likely to trot, stot, or run without stumbling or falling. Our findings suggest that midazolam (10–30 mg IM) and azaperone (15 mg IM) may not yield physiological or demographic benefits for captured mule deer as previously assumed and may pose adverse effects that can complicate safety for captured animals, including drug‐induced lethargy. Although we failed to find efficacy of midazolam and azaperone as a method for reducing stress in captured mule deer, the efficacy of midazolam and azaperone or other combinations of partial sedatives in reducing stress may depend on the dose of tranquilizer, study animal, capture setting, and how stress is defined. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Surgical, Oncological, and Functional Outcomes of Transoral Robotic Supraglottic Laryngectomy
Authors: Hans Stéphane , Chekkoury‐Idrissi Younès , Circiu Marta P. , Distinguin Léa , Crevier‐Buchman Lise , Lechien Jérôme R. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate the surgical, oncological, and functional outcomes of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) for the treatment of supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsThe charts of patients treated by TORS supraglottic laryngectomy (SGL) in an academic medical center were reviewed. The following outcomes were studied according to the tumor location: average robotic setup and operative times, mean estimated blood loss, postoperative complications, need of tracheotomy, refeeding characteristics, mean hospital stay, need of neck dissection and adjuvant therapy, 5‐year local and regional controls, overall survival (OS), and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsSeventy‐five patients underwent TORS SGL. Tumors were classified as cT1 (32%), cT2 (52%), and cT3 (16%). Average robotic setup and operative times and the mean estimated blood loss were 15 minutes, 55 minutes, and 20 mL, respectively. The mean follow‐up period ranged from 2 to 5 years. The 5‐year OS and DFS were 80.2% and 94.3%, respectively. Overall, 34.6% of patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. The majority of patients (92%) restarted an oral diet within 24 to 48 hours postsurgery. Transient tracheotomy was performed in 8% of patients. Postoperative hemorrhages occurred in 12 patients (16.0%), lengthening the hospital stay (mean = 6.8 days). There were no outcome differences regarding the tumor location.ConclusionsTORS is an effective and safe therapeutic approach for early‐ and intermediate‐stages cancers. Oncological outcomes may be quite similar to other surgical approaches, including transoral laser and open surgeries. Future randomized controlled studies are needed for comparing TORS SGL with other surgical procedures.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:1060–1065, 2021
Financial Transactions from Manufacturers to Otolaryngologists in 2018
Authors: Ramsey Tam , Curran Kent , Ostrowski Tyler , Ruffner Randall , Leapman Neil Gildener 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo characterize in depth non‐research and research payments from industry to otolaryngologists in 2018 with an emphasis on product types.MethodsCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services Open Payments program was used for data collection: payment amount, the nature of payments, products associated with the payments, date of the payments, and companies making the payments were studied. Products associated with the payments were classified by categorical type. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.ResultsThere were 70,172 payments for a total of $11,001,875 made to otolaryngologists in 2018 with a median payment of $19. Food and beverage had the highest number of payments made (89.96%). Consulting fees (33.46%) composed the highest total payment amount. The two companies that contributed the highest amount were Stryker Corporation and Intersect ENT Inc. Sinus conditions had the most products within the top 25 products associated with payments. The top five products with the highest payments received were for balloon sinus dilation, nasal spray, sinus implant, Botox, and cochlear implant. There was a bimodal payment distribution demonstrating a higher number of payments made in the spring and fall.ConclusionOur study is the first to review payments to otolaryngologists in 2018 and classify these payments into product types. The products and companies that contributed the highest payments were associated with sinus conditions. The products that dominated in each subspecialty of otolaryngology coincide with clinical practice trends and emerging technologies.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E388–E394, 2021
Exfoliation and intergranular corrosion resistance of the 2198 Al–Cu–Li alloy with different thermomechanical treatments
Authors: de Sousa Araujo João V. , Milagre Mariana X. , Ferreira Raphael O. , de Souza Carvalho Machado Caruline , de Fátima Santos Bugarin Aline , Machado Izabel F. , Costa Isolda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, the resistance to exfoliation and intergranular corrosion (IGC) of the 2198 Al–Cu–Li alloy submitted to different thermomechanical treatments (T3, T8, and T851) was investigated. The tests were carried out following the standard practices, ASTM G34‐18 and ASTM G110‐15, respectively. All the tested alloys showed susceptibility to exfoliation and some alloys showed susceptibility to IGC, but the artificially aged alloys presented a higher tendency to exfoliation. The extensive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was observed on the surfaces of artificially aged alloys when immersed in the EXCO solution. The HER resulted in an increase in solution pH with the time of immersion. Also, the weight losses related to the artificially aged alloys were higher than that of the naturally aged ones. The T8 treatment was the only condition that resulted in susceptibility to both, intergranular and transgranular corrosion, whereas the T851 treatment did not show IGC susceptibility, only transgranular corrosion. Finally, the 2198‐T3 condition showed the highest corrosion resistance among the thermomechanical treatments tested. The results of the 2198 alloy subjected to various treatments were compared with that of the 2024‐T3 alloy. This last alloy showed higher resistance to exfoliation and IGC as compared with the 2198 alloy.
Focus quantities with applications to some finite‐dimensional systems
Authors: Sang Bo 
Published: July 2020

In studying small limit cycles of finite‐dimensional systems, one of the central problem is the computation of focus quantities. In practice, the computation is a challenging problem even for some simple low‐dimensional systems. This paper is devoted to the computation of focus quantities of all orders and to the study of Hopf bifurcations in some chaotic systems. A recursive formula for computing focus quantities is presented for a K + 2‐dimensional system. The formula is a generalization of previous results on low‐dimensional systems with K = 0 and K = 1. For a four‐dimensional hyper‐chaotic system, according to the sign of the first focus quantity, we prove that the simple Hopf bifurcation of the system is supercritical. For a five‐dimensional chaotic system with four equilibria of Hopf type, according to the signs of the first focus quantities, we prove that the simple Hopf bifurcations of the system are subcritical.
Jitter patterns in conventional concentric needle electromyography recordings of regenerating motor units
Authors: Posa Andreas , Temneanu Andrej , Emmer Alexander , Langer Thomas , Kornhuber Malte 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe time interval between two potential components of the same motor unit potential (MUP) is measured for jitter analysis. Enhanced jitter is generally thought to result from impaired neuromuscular transmission as occurs in myasthenia gravis or during reinnervation.MethodsWithin a database of conventional video‐electromyography (EMG) recordings 4 MUP with peculiar jitter patterns were identified. In 1 spontaneously discharging MUP, massive and chaotic jitter was seen with a mean consecutive difference (MCD) of 9.3 ms. In 2 spontaneously discharging MUP a certain potential subgroup jittered relative to the other part(s) of the MUP (MCD 2.0 and 3.3 ms). A jittering satellite was detected in a fourth voluntarily recruited MUP (MCD 0.6 ms).ResultsThese different jitter patterns recorded with conventional EMG technique may mainly result from dysmyelination.ConclusionsA new look at the contribution of dysmyelination to abnormal jitter is also warranted in single fiber EMG recordings.
Patient demographic and psychosocial characteristics associated with 30‐day recall of self‐reported lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Flynn Kathryn E. , Mansfield Sarah A. , Smith Abigail R. , Gillespie Brenda W. , Bradley Catherine S. , Cella David , Helmuth Margaret E. , Lai H. Henry , Kirkali Ziya , Talaty Pooja , Griffith James W. , Weinfurt Kevin P. ,   the LURN Study Group
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsMeasurement of self‐reported lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) typically uses a recall period, for example, “In the past 30 days….” Compared to averaged daily reports, 30‐day recall is generally unbiased, but recall bias varies by item. We examined the associations between personal characteristics (eg, age, symptom bother) and 30‐day recall of LUTS using items from the Symptoms of Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction Research Network Comprehensive Assessment of Self‐reported Urinary Symptoms questionnaire.MethodsParticipants (127 women and 127 men) were recruited from 6 US tertiary care sites. They completed daily assessments for 30 days and a 30‐day recall assessment at the end of the study month. For each of the 18 tested items, representing 10 LUTS, the average of the participant's daily responses was modeled as a function of their 30‐day recall, the personal characteristic, and the interaction between the 30‐day recall and the characteristic in separate general linear regression models, adjusted for sex.ResultsNine items representing 7 LUTS exhibited under‐ or overreporting (recall bias) for at least 25% of participants. Bias was associated with personal characteristics for six LUTS. Underreporting of incontinence was associated with older age, lower anxiety, and negative affect; overreporting of other LUTS was associated with, symptom bother, symptom variability, anxiety, and depression.ConclusionsWe identified under‐ or overreporting that was associated with personal characteristics for six common LUTS. Some cues (eg, less bother and lower anxiety) were related to recall bias in an unexpected direction. Thus, providers should exercise caution when making judgments about the accuracy of a patient's symptom recall based on patient demographic and psychosocial characteristics.
Activity coefficients of binary methanol alcohol mixtures from cluster weighting
Authors: Marchelli Gwydyon , Ingenmey J. , Kirchner B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe hydrogen bond network of different small alcohols is investigated via cluster analysis. Methanol/alcohol mixtures are studied with increasing chain length and branching of the molecule. Those changes can play an important role in different fields, including solvent and metal extraction. The extended tight binding method GFN2‐xTB allows the evaluation and geometry optimization of thousands of clusters built via a genetic algorithm. Interaction energies and geometries are evaluated and discussed for the neat systems. Thermodynamic properties, such as vaporization enthalpies and activity coefficients, are calculated with the binary quantum cluster equilibrium (bQCE) approach using our in‐house code Peacemaker 2.8. Combined distribution functions of the distances against the angles of the hydrogen bonds are evaluated for neat and mixed clusters and weighted by the equilibrium populations achieved from bQCE calculations.
Theoretical reinvestigation of the ozonolysis mechanism of allyl alcohol
Authors: Lei Xiaoyang , Wang Weina , Wang Wenliang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAllyl alcohol (AA) is the simplest unsaturated alcohol. Ozonolysis is one of the key removal processes for AA in the atmosphere. However, a recent theoretical study suggests that the ozonolysis of AA cannot feasibly occur in atmospheric conditions because of the high barrier (~96 kcal/mol) involved in the primary ozonide (POZ) decomposition. In this work, the ozonolysis mechanism of AA was reinvestigated theoretically. The computed barrier for POZ decomposition is only ~20 kcal/mol. Therefore, the AA ozonolysis can take place in the atmosphere, consistent with the experimental conclusions. Moreover, two new Criegee intermediates (syn‐ andanti‐AA‐CI) were found to be produced in this reaction. The wave function analyses indicate that there exists an intermolecular hydrogen bond insyn‐AA‐CI, which significantly affects its unimolecular decomposition and reactions with H2O. Compared with the normal reactions ofanti‐CI‐AA, the stabilizedsyn‐AA‐CI has two distinct isomerization channels: (i) addition of OH group to the reactive sites of CI forming an ethylene oxide (HOOCH2OCH2) and (ii) double H‐transfer producing HOOCH2CHO. Meanwhile, the addition of H2O insyn‐AA‐CI also exhibits two different pathways. One is the unique addition‐coupled double H‐transfer, and the other is the addition‐coupled single H‐transfer, both leading to the formation of CH2(OH)CH(OH)OOH.
A frequency‐constrained geometric Pontryagin maximum principle on matrix Lie groups
Authors: Paruchuri Pradyumna , Kotpalliwar Shruti , Phogat Karmvir Singh , Chatterjee Debasish , Banavar Ravi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present a geometric discrete‐time Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP) on matrix Lie groups that incorporates frequency constraints on the control trajectories in addition to pointwise constraints on the states and control actions directly at the stage of the problem formulation. This PMP gives first‐order necessary conditions for optimality and leads to two‐point boundary value problems that may be solved by numerical techniques to arrive at optimal trajectories. We demonstrate our theoretical results with numerical simulations on the optimal trajectory generation of a wheeled inverted pendulum and an attitude control problem of a spacecraft on the Lie group SO(3).