bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spin‐Orbit Torque Magnetization Switching in MoTe2/Permalloy Heterostructures
Authors: Liang Shiheng , Shi Shuyuan , Hsu Chuang‐Han , Cai Kaiming , Wang Yi , He Pan , Wu Yang , Pereira Vitor M. , Yang Hyunsoo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe ability to switch magnetic elements by spin‐orbit‐induced torques has recently attracted much attention for a path toward high‐performance, nonvolatile memories with low power consumption. Realizing efficient spin‐orbit‐based switching requires the harnessing of both new materials and novel physics to obtain high charge‐to‐spin conversion efficiencies, thus making the choice of spin source crucial. Here, the observation of spin‐orbit torque switching in bilayers consisting of a semimetallic film of 1T′‐MoTe2 adjacent to permalloy is reported. Deterministic switching is achieved without external magnetic fields at room temperature, and the switching occurs with currents one order of magnitude smaller than those typical in devices using the best‐performing heavy metals. The thickness‐dependence can be understood if the interfacial spin‐orbit contribution is considered in addition to the bulk spin Hall effect. Further threefold reduction in the switching current is demonstrated with resort to dumbbell‐shaped magnetic elements. These findings foretell exciting prospects of using MoTe2 for low‐power semimetal‐material‐based spin devices.
Hyaluronic Acid Conjugates of Vorinostat and Bexarotene for Treatment of Cutaneous Malignancies
Authors: Sallam Marwa A. , Prakash Supriya , Krishnan Vinu , Todorova Kristina , Mandinova Anna , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSkin cancer is the most common class of malignancies in humans with increasing incidence worldwide. Although surgery remains the most common treatment approach, relapses after surgery necessitate other treatment options. There is an increasing clinical demand for topical treatments for skin cancer that can improve the drug's cutaneous localization while limiting systemic absorption. In this study, hyaluronic acid (HA) conjugates are successfully synthesized by attaching a third‐generation retinoid (bexarotene) and a histone deacetylase inhibitor (vorinostat) to HA via ester bonds. The conjugates are characterized to ensure identity and quantify total drug loading. HA‐BEX and HA‐VOR exhibit a synergistic anticancer effect against human squamous cell carcinoma (A431) and human cutaneous T cell lymphoma cell lines (HUT 78) at specific ratios with minimal adverse effect on primary human keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Confocal microscopy demonstrates localization of the conjugates inside the cancer cells. Ex vivo skin permeation studies on human skin explants confirm their ability to penetrate the stratum corneum and reach the deep dermis. Biodistribution studies in the skin reveal the presence of both drugs in the epidermis and dermis in amounts sufficient to exert inhibitory effect on cancer cells. HA‐bexarotene‐vorinostat conjugates offer an excellent therapeutic option to treat skin cancers.
Switchable Wettability and Adhesion of Micro/Nanostructured Elastomer Surface via Electric Field for Dynamic Liquid Droplet Manipulation
Authors: Li Yan , Li Jinrong , Liu Liwu , Yan Yufeng , Zhang Qiuya , Zhang Na , He Linlin , Liu Yanju , Zhang Xiaofang , Tian Dongliang , Leng Jinsong , Jiang Lei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDynamic control of liquid wetting behavior on smart surfaces has attracted considerable concern owing to their important applications in directional motion, confined wetting and selective separation. Despite much progress in this regard, there still remains challenges in dynamic liquid droplet manipulation with fast response, no loss and anti‐contamination. Herein, a strategy to achieve dynamic droplet manipulation and transportation on the electric field adaptive superhydrophobic elastomer surface is demonstrated. The superhydrophobic elastomer surface is fabricated by combining the micro/nanostructured clusters of hydrophobic TiO2 nanoparticles with the elastomer film, on which the micro/nanostructure can be dynamically and reversibly tuned by electric field due to the electric field adaptive deformation of elastomer film. Accordingly, fast and reversible transition of wetting state between Cassie state and Wenzel state and tunable adhesion on the surface via electric field induced morphology transformation can be obtained. Moreover, the motion states of the surface droplets can be controlled dynamically and precisely, such as jumping and pinning, catching and releasing, and controllable liquid transfer without loss and contamination. Thus this work would open the avenue for dynamic liquid manipulation and transportation, and gear up the broad application prospects in liquid transfer, selective separation, anti‐fog, anti‐ice, microfluidics devices, etc.
Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals: Room Temperature Syntheses toward Commercial Viability
Authors: Brown Alasdair A. M. , Damodaran Bahulayan , Jiang Liudi , Tey Ju Nie , Pu Suan Hui , Mathews Nripan , Mhaisalkar Subodh G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this progress report, recent improvements to the room temperaturesyntheses of lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (APbX3, X = Cl, Br, I) are assessed, focusing on various aspects which influence the commercial viability of the technology. Perovskite nanocrystals can be prepared easily from low‐cost precursors under ambient conditions, yet they have displayed near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield with narrow, highly tunable emission peaks. In addition to their impressive ambipolar charge carrier mobilities, these properties make lead halide perovskite nanocrystals very attractive for light‐emitting diode (LED) applications. However, there are still many practical hurdles preventing commercialization. Recent developments in room temperature synthesis and purification protocols are reviewed, closely evaluating the suitability of particular techniques for industry. This is followed by an assessment of the wide range of ligands deployed on perovskite nanocrystal surfaces, analyzing their impact on colloidal stability, as well as LED efficiency. Based on these observations, a perspective on important future research directions that can expedite the industrial adoption of perovskite nanocrystals is provided.
Synergistic development of maize stalk as a strategy to reduce lodging risk
Authors: Xue Jun , Gao Shang , Li Lulu , Xu Honggen , Ming Bo , Wang Keru , Hou Peng , Xie Ruizhi , Li Shaokun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe reason for different maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids exhibiting differences in stalk lodging risk between the 12‐leaf (V12) and flowering stages is unclear. This study tracked internode development included morphology, carbohydrate accumulation, and mechanical strength of basal internodes in four widely‐planted maize hybrids in China for two consecutive growing seasons. And then used logistic model to estimate the time of initiation and termination of rapid thickening, lengthening, accumulation of dry weight per unit length (DWUL), cellulose, lignin, and increase in rind penetration strength (RPS) of internodes. Planting density was 7.5 × 104 plants ha−1. The results shows that basal internodes development in maize begins with a period of rapid thickening and lengthening, followed by DWUL accumulation, and finally an increase in RPS. The period of DWUL accumulation was the longest of these developmental periods and occurred throughout internode development. For hybrid with a low risk of stalk lodging, RPS development began in later part of the rapid elongation period. In contrast, rapid RPS development in hybrid with a high risk of stalk lodging began after the rapid elongation period. Rapid DWUL accumulation and RPS development can reduce the adverse effects caused by rapid elongation of basal internodes. The shorter the interval between rapid elongation, DWUL accumulation, and RPS development of the basal internodes, the greater a plant's resistance to stalk lodging. Therefore, lodging risk can be reduced through selection and breeding strategies that achieve synergistic development of morphology, dry matter accumulation, and mechanical strength in maize stalks.
Student, Educator, and Parent Perspectives of Self‐Determination in High School Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Tomaszewski Brianne , Kraemer Bonnie , Steinbrenner Jessica R. , Smith DaWalt Leann , Hall Laura J. , Hume Kara , Odom Samuel 
Published: August 2020

Self‐determination refers to an individual being a causal agent in their daily activities, including the ability to express their own needs, interests, and wants, make choices, and set goals. Self‐determination is critical during adolescence and has been linked to positive educational outcomes in individuals with disabilities. Few studies have characterized the measurement of self‐determination in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of the current study was to (a) examine the agreement across the American Institutes for Research Self‐Determination Scale (Wolman et al., AIR Self‐determination scale and user guide. Palo Alto, CA: American Institute for Research, 1994) student, educator, and parent forms for high school students with ASD, and (b) examine student and family predictors of self‐determination. Participants included adolescents with ASD (N = 547, mean chronological age = 16.1 years, SD = 1.4 years), their parents, and educators. Student reports did not correspond to parent or educator reports, and parent and educator reports were in moderate agreement. Adaptive behavior was a significant predictor of self‐determination across reporters, highlighting the significance of adaptive behavior skills during high school. In addition to promoting adaptive behavior, supporting family empowerment, and reducing family burden may help to increase self‐determination in high school students with ASD.Lay SummarySelf‐determination refers to the abilities and opportunities for students to make choices, plans, and set goals. The current study examined self‐determination from multiple perspectives in a large, diverse sample of high school students with ASD. Students, parents, and their teachers each completed a questionnaire on self‐determination and had little to some agreement across reporters. Providing support to families and help for students to increase independent skills may promote self‐determination.
Controlled Lithium Deposition on Alq3 Coated Substrate**
Authors: Zhong Haoxiang , Zhao Yangzhi , Zhang Ting , Liu Gao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHigh theoretical charge capacity (3,860 mAh g−1) and low redox potential (−3.04 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode) make lithium metal a promising anode for next‐generation high energy density battery. However, the practical implementation of Li‐metal anode is still elusive due to poor coulombic efficiency and cycling performance as well as safety concerns caused by lithium dendrite formation and poor compatibility of liquid electrolyte with lithium. In this work, we developed a strategy to control lithium deposition and growth by using surface modified electrodes coated by a conductive chelate compound tris‐(8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) onto copper current collector. As a result, Alq3 exhibits good conductivity and electrochemical stability verified by cyclic voltammetry test. The Alq3 can modulate lithium metal growth on Cu surface, in addition, it demonstrates morphology control of deposited lithium by tuning variables such as current density and coating thickness. Optimal cycling stability and stable coulombic efficiency over 300 cycles are observed on the Li||Alq3/Cu cell at 50 nm coating thickness – an evidence shows controlled lithium deposition by this simple but effective surface modified electrode.
Controlling at Elevated Temperature the Sodium Intercalation Capacity and Rate Capability of P3‐Na2/3Ni1/2Mn1/2O2 through the Selective Substitution of Nickel with Magnesium
Authors: Kalapsazova Mariya , Markov Pavel , Kostov Krassimir , Zhecheva Ekaterina , Nihtianova Diana , Stoyanova Radostina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe integration of sodium‐ion batteries into large‐scale energy storage systems will become feasible in the case when their performance becomes less sensitive towards ambient temperature. Herein, we demonstrate the elaboration of the oxide‐based electrode material with an optimized layered structure and composition that is designed to work at elevated temperatures. Through selective substitution of Mg2+ ions for Ni2+ in the three‐layered oxide, P3‐Na2/3Ni1/2Mn1/2O2, the oxidation state of Ni ions, the cationic distribution in the layers, the sodium intercalation capacity, and the rate capability is manipulated. The electrochemical behavior of P3‐Na2/3Ni1/3Mg1/6Mn1/2O2 is discussed on the basis of ex situ diffraction as well as microscopic and spectroscopic methods in terms of redox activity of the lattice oxygen, the reversible transfer of Mg2+ and Ni2+ ions between layers during Na+ intercalation, thermal stability of cycled electrodes, and surface reactivity of the layered oxide towards the ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. At 40 °C, the rate capability of the oxide is improved upon using an IL electrolyte rather than the carbonate‐based electrolyte.
Organizational transition management of circular business model innovations
Authors: Hofmann Florian , Jaeger‐Erben Melanie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractScholars and practitioners across fields increasingly recognize that business models for the circular economy may be an effective lever for solving ecological persistent problems such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and growing natural resource scarcity. Despite a growing interest in the potential of circular business models, interconnections between the organizational dimensions of firms and their business model innovation processes remain underexplored. Based on problem‐centered expert interviews with business consultants experienced in circular business development, this study creates a conceptual model that offers structured knowledge about why firms steadily reproduce linear BMs and how incumbents manifest themselves as a constant linear‐oriented value creation system. The model also demonstrates organizational conditions and management strategies that frustrate the reproduction of linear BMs and, thus, enable initial moves towards CBM innovation. Building on this, the article provides a set of propositions on how an organizational transition management may be configured and what incumbents require to successfully navigate circular business model innovation. The findings provide a foundation for a contemporary understanding of circular business model transition management, which simultaneously serve as impulses for future research investigations.
Current diagnostic tools for coronaviruses–From laboratory diagnosis to POC diagnosis for COVID‐19
Authors: Wang Yung‐Chih , Lee Yi‐Tzu , Yang Ting , Sun Jun‐Ren , Shen Ching‐Fen , Cheng Chao‐Min 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Coronavirus‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has put tremendous strain on healthcare systems worldwide. It is challenging for clinicians to differentiate COVID‐19 from other acute respiratory tract infections via clinical symptoms because those who are infected display a wide range of symptoms. An effective, point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostic tool could mitigate healthcare system strain, protect healthcare professionals, and support quarantine efforts. We believe that a POC tool can be developed that would be rapid, easy to use, and inexpensive. It could be used in the home, in resource‐limited areas, and even in clinical settings. In this article, we summarize the current state of COVID‐19 diagnostic methods and make a case for an all‐in‐one, highly sensitive POC assay that integrates antibody detection, protein detection, and serum cytokine detection to diagnose COVID‐19 infection. We believe this article will provide insights into the current state of diagnostics for COVID‐19, and promote additional research and tool development that could be exceptionally impactful.
Does digital content marketing affect tourism consumer behavior? An extension oftechnology acceptance model
Authors: Mathew Viju , Soliman Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith the rapidly dramatic environmental change and intensive competition, tourism organisations are required to adopt advanced marketing strategies and techniques. Recently, digital content marketing (DCM) has become one of the most prominent marketing tools that has substantial benefits and influences in different settings and domains. To this end, it is crucial to understand the effect of DCM on consumer behavior within the tourism context. Therefore, this research empirically examines an extendedtechnology acceptance model (TAM) model to investigate and compare the influence of DCM on travel and tourism consumer behavior in two distinct countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. A quantitative approach was adopted by collecting surveys from a convenience sample of 285 and 122 participants in Egypt and Oman, respectively. The findings of PLS‐structural equation modelling revealed that the TAM major constructs were good elucidating the attitude and behavior toward using of DCM for tourism purposes. It is also found that perceived enjoyment and perceived convenience are antecedents of customers' attitudes, which in turn, influence their intention and behavior of using DCM to buy or select a certain tourism product/service. The current study contributes to knowledge of DCM literature in the tourism field in general and within the MENA region in particular. It also adds to studies on TAM and digital technologies by extending two critical constructs related to tourism consumer behavior. The practical implications will greatly support tourism marketers and authorities to develop their tourism strategies and marketing activities. Future research can be expanded to study different target groups comprehending region differences.
Theoretical Investigation on Regioselectivities of Diels‐Alder Reactions by Conjugated Effect
Authors: Xu Zhen‐Zhen , Zhao Jian , Zhao Dong‐Xia , Yang Zhong‐Zhi 
Published: August 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionThe regioselectivities of 76 Diels‐Alder reactions between unsymmetrical dienes and dienophiles were investigated by local softness and generalized local softness at atomic and chemical bond view, respectively, where the reactivity descriptors were calculated by finite difference approximation and ABEEMσπ model. Based on local HSAB principle and matching criterion of local softness, reasonable explanation and prediction on regioselectivities of all reactions through ABEEMσπ model have been obtained, which are in agreement with the experimental results. Especially, at π‐bond level, while the 1‐substituents of dienes were NH2, NMe2, and NEt2, because of the p‐π conjugated effect between the lone pairs of N atom and the conjugated π‐bond of the four double‐bonded carbon atoms in diene, it made the dienophile not easy to approach diene by Manner A, hence, Manner B can forecast the ortho regioisomer as main product well, and Manner A cannot. As to the other reactions, both Manner A and Manner B can predict their regioselectivities. It can be seen that the ABEEMσπ model can take the effect of the chemical environment on the reaction reactivity into account richly, especially the system includes π‐bond and lone pairs. However, the results through the finite difference approximation are not reasonable.
Porpholactone Chemistry: Shining New Light on an Old Cofactor
Authors: Jin Guo‐Qing , Xue Hao‐Zong , Zhang Jun‐Long 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe emergence of porpholactone chemistry, discovered over 30 years ago, has significantly stimulated the development of biomimetic tetrapyrrole chemistry. It offers an opportunity, through modifications of non‐pyrrolic building blocks, to clarify the relationship between chemical structure and excited‐state properties, deciphering the structural code for the biological functions of life pigments. With intriguing photophysical properties in the red to near‐infrared (NIR) regions, facile modulation of their electronic nature by fine‐tuning chemical structures, and coordination ability with diverse metal ions, these novel porphyrinoids have favorable prospects in the fields of optical materials, bioimaging and therapy, and catalysis. In this Minireview, we summarize the brief history of porpholactone chemistry, and focus on the studies carried out in our group, particularly on the regioisomeric effect, NIR lanthanide luminescence, and metal catalysis. We outline the perspectives of these compounds in the construction of porpholactone‐related biomedical applications and optical and energy materials, in order to inspire more interest and further advance bioinspired inorganic chemistry and lanthanide chemical biology.
A Mixed‐Metal Porphyrinic Framework Promoting Gas‐Phase CO2 Photoreduction without Organic Sacrificial Agents
Authors: Gao Wen‐Yang , Ngo Huong T. , Niu Zheng , Zhang Weijie , Pan Yanxiong , Yang Zhongyu , Bhethanabotla Venkat R. , Joseph Babu , Aguila Briana , Ma Shengqian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA photoactive porphyrinic metal−organic framework (MOF) has been prepared by exchanging Ti into a Zr‐based MOF precursor. The resultant mixed‐metal Ti/Zr porphyrinic MOF demonstrates much‐improved efficiency for gas‐phase CO2 photoreduction into CH4 and CO under visible‐light irradiation using water vapor compared to the parent Zr‐MOF. Insightful studies have been conducted to probe the photocatalysis processes. This work provides the first example of gas‐phase CO2 photoreduction into methane without organic sacrificial agents on a MOF platform, thereby paving an avenue for developing MOF‐based photocatalysts for application in CO2 photoreduction and other types of photoreactions.
A novel holistic approach for performance evaluation in Internet of Things
Authors: Martinez‐Caro Jose‐Manuel , Cano Maria‐Dolores 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThe deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions in smart cities or industrial environments (Industrial IoT, IIoT) demands careful consideration in terms of user‐centric or system‐centric target metrics. A better monitoring system able to transform performance outputs into decision‐making and intelligent actions requires less restrictive performance evaluation methods. Classic approaches to performance evaluation in telecommunication networks rely on Quality of Service (QoS) and/or Quality of user Experience (QoE) assessment models. However, the new IoT paradigm establishes a completely different scenario, where, for instance, consumers might no longer be users but machines. In this paper, we propose the evaluation of the performance of IoT services and applications comprising the combination of four quality measures, namely, Quality of Data (QoD), Quality of Information (QoI), Quality of user Experience (QoE), and Quality Cost (QC). The proposal is analyzed using computing simulations. Specifically, we improve the simulation tool FLoRa (Framework for LoRa) incorporating additional LoRa Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) features. LoRaWAN is a Low‐Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology that operates on the LoRa modulation scheme. Long coverage ranges, low power consumption, and support for a massive number of IoT devices using a limited infrastructure are the main assets of LoRaWAN, establishing it as one of the top IoT technologies. Results show that it is easier and more efficient to disassociate metrics into different dimensions in order to provide a clear vision of the performance of IoT services. This performance evaluation method can be customized and applied to different IoT markets.