bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding behavior of grow-finish swine and the impacts of heat stress
Authors: Cross Amanda J , Brown-Brandl Tami M , Keel Brittney N , Cassady Joseph P , Rohrer Gary A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Heat stress has negative impacts on pork production, particularly in the grow-finish phase. During heat stress events, the feeding behavior of pigs is altered to reduce heat production. Several different systems have been developed to study feeding behavior. Most systems are not accurate representations of grow-finish commercial production as feed intake is monitored for only one pig at a time. The objective of this study was to utilize a feed monitoring system, representative of commercial conditions, to determine feeding behavior patterns of grow-finish pigs throughout the year and to identify changes that occurred during heat stress events. Feeder visit data were collected on barrows and gilts (n = 932) from three different sire breeds, Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc, between May 2014 and April 2016. Days in the study were partitioned into groups based on their maximum temperature–humidity index (THI), where a THI less than 23.33 °C was classified as “Normal”, a THI between 23.33 and 26.11 °C was classified as “Alert”, a THI between 26.11 and 28.88 °C was classified as “Danger”, and a THI greater than 28.88 °C was classified as “Emergency”. Feeding behavioral differences among breeds and sex were observed across all THI categories. Landrace-sired pigs had fewer feeder visits compared to Duroc- and Yorkshire-sired pigs. Gilts had fewer feeder visits than barrows in all THI categories. Differences in feeding behavior patterns between THI categories demonstrated that heat stress reduced the feeding duration of Landrace-sired pigs without any dramatic effects on the other pigs in the study. During elevated temperatures, all pigs tended to increase feeding events during the early (03:00–05:59) and late (18:00–20:59) periods of the day. Utilizing a feed monitoring system that is a more accurate representation of commercial conditions will lead to a greater understanding of feeding behavior among breed types and sexes during heat stress, allowing producers to enhance their ability to properly care for their pigs during both normal and heat stress events.
Surgical Method of a Corner Mouth Lift
Authors: Jeong Tae-Kwang 
Published: February 2020

Background:
The mouth and perioral area play a primary role in emotional expression, and these are among the most important areas projecting youth and attractiveness. A downturned corner of the mouth presents negative feelings such as sadness, depression, and tiredness. A corner mouth lift (CML) may restore more attractive and youthful appearance, which can favorably affect first impression, self-esteem, and the quality of life in patients.

Methods:
From December 2016 to September 2018, 498 patients underwent a CML. There were 434 women and 64 men. The mean age was 38.99 years (19–63 years) and 34.19 years (21–67 years) in female and male patients, respectively. A total of 432 cases (86.7%) were primary surgical cases, whereas 66 (13.3%) were secondary cases. There were 178 patients (35.7%) who only underwent CML, whereas the remaining patients (64.3%) underwent the CML contemporarily with other perioral surgery such as subnasal lift.

Results:
Most patients were satisfied with the results. However, some patients showed unsatisfactory outcomes such as hypertrophic scar, asymmetry, persistent swelling, or undercorrection. The most common complaints immediately after surgery were swelling and bruise, which were improved spontaneously within 1–2 weeks. Postoperative scar and undercorrection were the most common complications that required revision surgery.

Conclusions:
CML showed reliable and satisfactory outcomes in most patients. It could be a good option for patients who desire CML regardless of their age.
Epidemiology of Pediatric Upper Extremity Fractures in a Tertiary Care Center in Switzerland
Authors: Merckaert Sophie , Chaibi Emmelie , Meriem Samir , Kwiatkowski Barbara , Divjak Natalie , Zambelli Pierre-Yves 
Published: February 2020

Objective
Fractures in children are common and account for 10% to 25% of injuries in children with considerable effects on activity restriction and subsequent high socioeconomically impact. Eighty percent of all fractures in children occur at the upper extremity. The article investigates the epidemiology and fracture pattern of the upper extremity within a pediatric population consulting a tertiary referral hospital in Switzerland.

Methods
Study population included all patients younger than 18 years presenting with an upper extremity fracture. Recorded data were age, sex, side, season of the year, mechanism, type of fracture, and applied treatment.

Results
Fractures of the upper extremities represented 76% with a mean age of 9 years and 7 months. Compared with girls, boys had a risk ratio of 1.35 (1.14–1.6) of having a traumatic injury. The radius, with 298 fractures (37%), was the most injured bone. Overall simple fall from his or her height and soccer represented the main injury mechanisms accounting for 26% and 9%, respectively. Eighty-six percent of fractures were treated by cast with or without closed reduction, 11% (92) by closed reduction and pinning or elastic stable intramedullary, and only 3% of fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.

Conclusions
Eighty-six percent of all fractures could be treated by conservative methods. Only 17% need surgical treatments by orthopedic surgeons. This shows how important it is to train residents in pediatrics for the treatment of upper limb fractures in children.
SRRF ‘n’ TIRF - FCS: Simultaneous spatiotemporal super-resolution microscopy
Authors: Sankaran Jagadish , Balasubramanian Harikrushnan , Tang Wai Hoh , Ng Xue Wen , Röllin Adrian , Wohland Thorsten 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSuper-resolution microscopy and single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy require mutually exclusive experimental strategies optimizing either time or spatial resolution. To achieve both, we implement a GPU-supported, camera-based measurement strategy that highly resolves spatial structures (~60 nm), temporal dynamics (≤ 2 ms), and molecular brightness from the exact same data set. We demonstrate the applicability and advantages of multi-parametric measurements to monitor the super-resolved structure and dynamics of two different biomolecules, the actin binding polypeptide LifeAct, and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Simultaneous super-resolution of spatial and temporal details leads to an improved precision in estimating the diffusion coefficient of LifeAct in dependence of the cellular actin network. Multi-parametric analysis suggests that the domain partitioning of EGFR is primarily determined by EGFR-membrane interactions, possibly sub-resolution clustering and inter-EGFR interactions but is largely independent of EGFR-actin interactions. These results demonstrate that pixel-wise cross-correlation of parameters obtained from different techniques on the same data set enables robust physicochemical parameter estimation and provides new biological knowledge that cannot be obtained from sequential measurements.
Managing making and makers in open-access craft studios: the case of Turning Earth
Authors: England Lauren Elizabeth 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The aim of this paper is to develop understanding of how open-access (OA) studios as creative social enterprises (CSEs) can negotiate coexisting creative, social and economic missions, and manage the motivations of stakeholders. In particular, it explores how this affects management practices and ways in which diverse social actors engage with the organisation and each other. This paper expands on the existing literature on social enterprises in relation to multiple value and stakeholder management and also contributes to the makerspace and wider creative industries literature.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a qualitative, single-case case study of an OA studio established as a social enterprise based on analysis of secondary texts, interviews and observation.

Findings
It is identified that a multifaceted value system creates both challenges and opportunities in relation to communal resource management and community development. Tensions between the creative and economic priorities of members and both the economic imperatives of the organisation and its social mission are also highlighted. It is suggested that despite these challenges, the OA model presents an opportunity to develop more collective forms of creative practice and support a reframing of the creative economy.

Research limitations/implications
As a single case study in the geographical context of the United Kingdom, limited generalisations on OA management in other countries can be made without further investigation.

Practical implications
There are practical implications for OA and other CSE founders in relation to resource and membership management and facilitating inclusive access. There are creative industries policy implications in the encouragement of more sustainable collaborative approaches.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature on social entrepreneurship, makerspaces and the creative industries by developing the understanding of OA studios and CSE management and the internal dynamics that influence organisational and social outcomes.
The derived neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio is an independent prognostic factor in patients with angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Hong Huangming , Fang Xiaojie , Huang He , Wang Zhao , Lin Tongyu , Yao Herui 
Published: February 2020

SummaryTo determine whether inflammatory markers, derived neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), haemoglobin/platelet ratio (HPR) or platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are predictive for prognosis in angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (AITL), we derived dNLR, HPR and PLR values for 110 AITL patients and appropriate cut‐off point values to define overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). dNLR ≥ 2·2, HPR ≥ 0·4 or PLR < 100 were significant factors for shorter OS and PFS. On univariate analysis, these three parameters were significantly associated with worse OS and PFS. On multivariate analysis, only dNLR remained a significant, independent prognostic factor for both OS and PFS.
Where do Remittances Go in Household Consumption? Empirical Evidence from Sri Lanka‐Wide Micro‐data
Authors: Samaratunge Ramanie , Kumara Ajantha Sisira , Abeysekera Lakmal 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPrivate internal and international remittances are a major source of household money in Sri Lanka, yet their impact on household welfare has long been a research gap. Based on the Migration and Development Theory, this article examines how private remittances affect household expenditure behaviour, using nationally representative microdata and applying quasi‐experimental methods. Private remittances have significantly increased household per‐capita expenditure and initiated positive behavioural changes via increased allocations for basic needs, human and physical capital investment. Compared with internal remittances, the impact of international remittance shows a strong potential for reducing poverty incidence and improving people's well‐being: households in richer/richest expenditure quartiles and urban households invest in education, which supports the country's long‐standing record of education. Rural households demonstrate favourable changes in spending behaviour with receiving private remittances. From a public policy standpoint, government favours migration so that remittances are more likely to flow. A proper remittance‐transfer mechanism to encourage smooth remittance is thus required.
Designer genetically encoded voltage‐dependent calcium channel inhibitors inspired by RGK GTPases
Authors: Colecraft Henry M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHigh‐voltage‐activated calcium (CaV1/CaV2) channels translate action potentials into Ca2+ influx in excitable cells to control essential biological processes that include; muscle contraction, synaptic transmission, hormone secretion and activity‐dependent regulation of gene expression. Modulation of CaV1/CaV2 channel activity is a powerful mechanism to regulate physiology, and there are a host of intracellular signalling molecules that tune different aspects of CaV channel trafficking and gating for this purpose. Beyond normal physiological regulation, the diverse CaV channel modulatory mechanisms may potentially be co‐opted or interfered with for therapeutic benefits. CaV1/CaV2 channels are potently inhibited by a four‐member sub‐family of Ras‐like GTPases known as RGK (Rad, Rem, Rem2, Gem/Kir) proteins. Understanding the mechanisms by which RGK proteins inhibit CaV1/CaV2 channels has led to the development of novel genetically encoded CaV channel blockers with unique properties; including, chemo‐ and optogenetic control of channel activity, and blocking channels either on the basis of their subcellular localization or by targeting an auxiliary subunit. These genetically encoded CaV channel inhibitors have outstanding utility as enabling research tools and potential therapeutics.
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Effectiveness of a clinic-based randomized controlled intervention for type 2 diabetes management: an innovative model of intensified diabetes management in Mainland China (C-IDM study)
Authors: Lou Qinglin , Ye Qing , Wu Haidi , Wang Zhiyong , Ware Robert S , Xiong Yaqing , Xu Fei 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesHighly efficient diabetes management programs are needed for tackling diabetes in China. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a clinic-based intensified diabetes management model (C-IDM) in Mainland China.Research design and methodsA 2-year clinic-based randomized controlled trial was conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes in Nanjing, China. The C-IDM intervention components comprised four domains (disease targeting management, express referral channel, expert visit, patients’ self-management) and an integrated running system (disease control centers, general hospitals and local clinics). Control group participants received their usual care, while intervention participants received both the C-IDM package and the usual services. The primary outcome variable was change of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Mixed-effects models were used to compute effect estimates and 95% CI with consideration of both individual and cluster-level confounders.ResultsOverall, 1095 of 1143 participants were assessed at study completion. The mean change in HbA1c was significantly greater in the intervention group than in the control group (mean difference (MD)=−0.57, 95% CI −0.79 to –0.36). Similar results were observed for change in body mass index (MD=−0.29, 95% CI −0.49 to –0.10). Participants in the intervention group were more likely to achieve normal HbA1c and body weight compared with their counterparts in control group after adjusting for potentially confounding variables (adjusted OR=1.94, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.81 and 1.79, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.85, respectively).ConclusionsThe C-IDM model is feasible and effective in large-scale management of patients with type 2 diabetes in China. It has public health implications for tackling the burden of diabetes in China.Trial registration numberChiCTR-IOR-15006019.
Electroacupuncture for treatment-resistant insomnia: study protocol for a randomised, controlled, assessor-blinded, pilot clinical trial
Authors: Lim Jung-Hwa , Kim Kyung-Ok , Kim Sang-Ho , Kang Chang-Wan , Kim Bo-Kyung 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionA considerable number of insomnia patients experience sleep disturbance even with long-term use of hypnotic medication. Previous studies have indicated that electroacupuncture (EA) could be an efficacious treatment for managing insomnia. However, few trials have been conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of EA for treatment-resistant insomnia. This pilot study aims to explore the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness and safety of EA as an adjunct treatment for treatment-resistant insomnia.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre, randomised, usual care controlled and assessor-blinded pilot study protocol. Fifty patients presenting with sleep problems who have been taking hypnotic medication for more than 3 months will be randomly allocated to either an EA group or a usual care group at a 1:1 ratio. The EA group will undergo 12 EA treatment sessions twice a week for 6 weeks whereas the usual care group will not receive EA treatment. All the participants will receive a brochure containing educational information on sleep hygiene. The primary outcome will be the measured mean change of the total score of the Insomnia Severity Index from the baseline to week 7. The secondary outcome regarding sleep quality will be measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a sleep diary and actigraphy. Moreover, we will assess the quality of life, the direct and indirect cost of treating insomnia for economic evaluation. After 4 weeks, the subjects will visit the research sites for a follow-up assessment.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval of this study protocol was established by the institutional review boards of the each involved study site. All potential subjects will be provided written informed consent. The results of this study will be accessible in peer-reviewed publications and be presented at academic conference.Trial registration numberKCT0003235.
Comparison of iRECIST versus RECIST V.1.1 in patients treated with an anti-PD-1 or PD-L1 antibody: pooled FDA analysis
Authors: Mulkey Flora , Theoret Marc R , Keegan Patricia , Pazdur Richard , Sridhara Rajeshwari 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundResponse criteria developed when cytotoxic chemotherapy was the predominant therapeutic modality to treat patients with cancer, do not capture the full spectrum of tumor response patterns observed with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody treatment. iRECIST was developed to capture both typical and atypical response patterns.MethodsTarget, non-target, and new lesion measurements for 7920 patients receiving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibody (n=4751) or anti-CTLA-4 antibody (n=613) or undergoing chemotherapy (n=2556) from 14 randomized controlled trials submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration were used to calculate the best overall response, objective response rate and progression-free survival (PFS) per iRECIST (iPFS) and Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST). Associations between either PFS or iPFS and overall survival (OS) were evaluated using the method adopted by Obaet al.1ResultsAmong 4751 anti-PD-1/PD-L1-antibody treated patients, 31.5% (95% CI 30.2% to 32.9%) and 30.5% (95% CI 29.2% to 31.8%) achieved an objective response per iRECIST or RECIST V.1.1, respectively. OS among the 48 patients with objective response by iRECIST only resembled that in patients with responses per RECIST V.1.1. The association between iPFS and OS was R2=0.277 and that between PFS and OS was R2=0.260.ConclusionsPatients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies with initial progressive disease per RECIST V.1.1 can experience prolonged stability or substantial reductions in tumor burden per iRECIST, atypical response patterns associated with prolonged OS. In the subgroup of patients with atypical responses, the application of iRECIST retrospectively in the evaluation of the objective response durations and the magnitude of PFS results in large differences compared with RECIST V.1.1. For the overall pooled population, the magnitude of these differences was modest, although a large proportion of patients had no further tumor assessments following RECIST V.1.1-defined progressive disease. Prospective studies employing iRECIST will be required to assess whether this response criteria more fully captures the benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Shadow of charged black holes in Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Authors: Das Anish , Saha Ashis , Gangopadhyay Sunandan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the effect of higher curvature corrections from Gauss–Bonnet gravity on the shadow of charged black holes in bothAdSand Minkowski spacetimes. The null geodesic equations are computed in$$d=5$$d=5spacetime dimensions by using the directions of symmetries and Hamilton–Jacobi equation. With the null geodesics in hand, we then proceed to evaluate the celestial coordinates ($$\alpha , \beta $$α,β) and the radius$$R_s$$Rsof the black hole shadow and represent it graphically. The effects of chargeQof the black hole and the Gauss–Bonnet parameter$$\gamma $$γon the radius of the shadow$$R_s$$Rsis studied in detail. It is observed that the Gauss–Bonnet parameter$$\gamma $$γaffects the radius of the black hole shadow$$R_s$$Rsdifferently for theAdSblack hole spacetime in comparison to the black hole spacetime which is asymptotically flat. In particular the radius of the black hole shadow increases with increase in the Gauss–Bonnet parameter in case of theAdSblack hole spacetime and decreases in case of the asymptotically flat black hole spacetime. We then introduce a plasma background in order to observe the change in the silhouette of the black hole shadow due to a change in the refractive index of the plasma medium. Finally, we study the effect of the Gauss–Bonnet parameter$$\gamma $$γon the energy emission rate of the black hole which depends on the black hole shadow radius and represent the results graphically.
Feedback2Code: A Deep Learning Approach to Identifying User-Feedback-Related Source Code Files
Authors: Yan Shuhan , Du Tianjiao , Shen Beijun , Chen Yuting , Ren Zhilei 
Published: February 2020

Users frequently raise feedback when using software products. Feedback from users regarding their experiences and expectations and software defects they found adds values to software maintenance and evolution — software managers collect user feedback and then dispatch feedback issues that developers (and/or maintainers) need to track and process. Feedback tracking is often supported by open source platforms and collaborative software systems. Meanwhile, there still exists a gap between feedback issues and source code: since user feedback is usually informal and arbitrary, engineers have to spend much effort on comprehending issues and identifying which source code files need to be improved or fixed. This paper introduces a deep learning approach, Feedback2Code , which facilitates identification of user-feedback-related source code files. The core idea is to (1) explore latent semantics of user feedback and source code using several deep learning techniques such as Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neutral Network (CNN) and skip-gram and (2) establish a multi-correlation model to explore linkages between feedback issues and source code files. Given a feedback issue, the linkages then allow engineers to identify source code files that are highly relevant to the issue. We have implemented Feedback2Code and evaluated it against ChangeAdvisor (a state-of-the-art approach) on 24 open source projects. The evaluation results clearly show the strength of Feedback2Code : for 103793 feedback issues, Feedback2Code successfully established 101190 feedback-code linkages and achieved a precision that is [Formula: see text] higher than that of ChangeAdvisor . Feedback2Code also achieved an MRR and an MAP that are [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] higher than those of ChangeAdvisor , respectively. Furthermore, we also found that a Feedback2Code -trained model can be easily transferred, allowing feedback-code linkages to be established in new projects with a little history data.