bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF CORRELATION AND EVALUATION OF EPICARDIAL FAT THICKNESS WITH ABDOMINAL VISCERAL FAT THICKNESS IN OBESE AND NON-OBESE TYPE 2 DIABETES SUBJECTS
Authors: Runwal Graurav , Daseda Saurabh 
Published: March 2020

Method: FBS/PPBS done by GOD POD method IN Vitros “S”, FS machine. HBA1C Done by HPLC plus ion exchange resin. Lipid profile after overnight fasting of 12 hours blood collected in the morning about 5 ml and the serum centrifuged and kept for analysis. Serum cholesterol estimation: The CHOD-PAP method, enzymatic colorimetric test was used in Vitros “S”, FS machine.
Result: After applying Levene’s test for equality of variance, t test between mean of epicardial fat thickness and visceral fat thickness between obese and non-obese groups, shows statistically significant (p=<0.05) association. Obese patients(11.88+1.40) had significantly more epicardial fat thickness as compared to non-obese type 2 diabetes patients (10.19+1.37), t(148) = -7.39, (p=<0.05). Obese patients (58.85+10.89) had significantly more visceral fat thickness as compared to non-obese type 2 diabetes patients (46.23+9.79), t (148) = -7.34, (p= <0.05).
Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders lead to phenotype of hyperglycemia and caused by a complex interaction of genetics and environmental factors. We concluded that EFT and VAT were significantly correlated among obese diabetics as compare to non-obese diabetic suggesting, Obesity is an independent risk factor for visceral adipose tissue deposition both in abdomen as well as in epicardial surface.
Keywords: Epicardial, Fat Thickness, Abdominal, DM, & Obese.
A STUDY OF HAEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE IN PAEDIATRIC AGE GROUP IN NORTH-WEST, RAJASTHAN
Authors: Kulhari Sunita , Gupta Ankita , Gupta Neelu 
Published: March 2020

Background: Anaemia a blood condition involving an abnormal reduction in number of red blood cells or in their haemoglobin content. Anemia is defined as decreased concentration of haemoglobin and RBC mass as compared to the values in age-matched controls .These can be due to 1) reduced proliferation of RBC which may result from deficiency of nutrients or hormones or from disease or other conditions 2) excessive destruction of RBC often a hereditary problem 3) excessive blood loss
Methods: Record based retrospective study conducted on at department of pathology.
Results: Out of total 362 cases of anemia in the present study, 275 cases (75.96%) are of iron deficiency anemia followed by 84 cases (23.20%) of megaloblastic anemia. Minimum cases 3 (0.82%) are of haemolytic anemia.
Conclusion: In the present study, Iron deficiency anemia was the most common.
Keywords: Iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, haemolytic anemia.
TO STUDY DIFFERENT COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH MALARIA
Authors: Romday Rakesh 
Published: March 2020

Method: Each patient was studied in detail with relevant clinical history and examination with following various investigations like peripheral smear for malarial parasite, complete blood count, renal function test, liver function test, blood sugar level, USG abdomen, chest x-ray, urine routine and micro and some special investigations like arterial blood gas analysis, bleeding profile, G6PD activity.
Result: Out of all patients 64% (32) had hemoglobin less than 10 g/dl. Amongst all patients with malaria 18 cases of P.vivax, 8 cases of P.vivax and 6 patient mixed infection had anemia with Hb<6g/dl. In terms of percentage 57.14% of P.falciparum and 60% of P.vivax had anemia Lowest Hemoglobin was 2.1mg/dl noted with patient of mixed infection. It was managed with transfusion of packed cell volume.
Conclusion: Both species are commonly presented with symptoms of intermittent Fever, chills, Bi-frontal headache, vomiting and commonly clinical feature is splenomegaly. Severe complication like anemia, thrombocytopenia jaundice, acute renal failure and sometimes life threatening cerebral malaria are need to address promptly to avoid adverse outcome. All severe complications can be found in bothspecies, though less common in P.vivax as compared to Plasmodium falciparum.
Keywords: Complication, Malaria, diagnosis & Clinical Presentations
CORRELATION OF GLYCATED HAEMOGLOBIN WITH SERUM IRON, FERRITIN AND TIBC IN IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA
Authors: Naphade Manoj , Ambad Ranjeet 
Published: March 2020

Iron deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia — a condition in which blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the body's tissues. As the name implies, iron deficiency anemia is due to insufficient iron. HbA1c shows patient’s glycemic status of last 3 months. Some previous studies have been reported that iron deficiency anemia may increase the level of HbA1c.
AIM: To assess the status of HbA1c in patients of iron deficiency anemia & correlate HbA1c level with Serum Iron, Ferritin level.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a cross sectional comparative study conducted in 1 yrs of duration. A total number of 60 subjects between the ages of 18 to 60 years were enrolled for the present study. Detailed medical history and relevant clinical examination data and written consent were obtained from all subjects by explaining the study procedure.
RESULTS: Haematological parameter like Hb, MCV, MCH, HCT and RDW were showed significantly difference in iron deficiency case and control groups. Total haemoglobin, MCV, MCH, HCT were significantly reduced in IDA case group whereas there is increase RDW level in case group as compare to control (p<0.001).
CONCLUSION: There is negative correlation of HbA1c with Haemoglobin, Serum Iron and ferritin level whereas positive correlation is detected with TIBC. The correlation of HbA1c is found to be significant with serum iron and MCH.
Keywords: Hb, MCV, MCH, HCT and RDW
THE EFFECT OF BIOFEEDBACK THERAPY FOR AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)
Authors: Abu-Baker Rasha Zaid 
Published: March 2020

Biofeedback has been reported to reduce symptoms of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in several studies. Children affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have impairment of social interaction and demonstrate difficulty with emotional communication, display of posture and facial expression, with recognized relationships between postural control mechanisms and cognitive functions. Beside standard biomedical interventions and psychopharmacological treatments, there is increasing interest in the use of alternative non-invasive treatments such as biofeedback that could potentially modulate brain activity resulting in behavioral modification.
Biofeedback therapy is a form of alternative medicine that involves measuring a patient’s quantifiable bodily functions such as sweat gland activity, skin temperature, blood pressure, heart rate and muscle tension, conveying the information to the patient in real time, this will arise the patient’s awareness and conscious control of their unconscious physiological activities. The purpose of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of biofeedback as a method of treatment of the core symptoms of ASD.
Keywords: Biofeedback, Autistic Spectrum Disorder
TO PERFORM VARIOUS ANTHROPOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN CLINICAL CASES OF OBESITY
Authors: Saxena Amit , Jain Atishay 
Published: March 2020

Method: This Prospective cross–sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medicine; we studied 211 consecutive patients of obesity presenting in general medicine OPD and general medical wards having associated co-morbidity. All patients or their relatives provided valid informed written consent for participation.
Result: The above table shows the mean comparison of FBS, BMI, waist hip ratio, waist circumference, hip circumference, weight and age between presence and absence of CAD. The difference was found to be statistically significant for hip circumference (P < 0.05) with a larger hip circumference in CAD present patients in comparison to the CAD absent patients. While the difference in all the other parameters were found to be statistically not significant (P>0.05), showing that all the parameters were comparable.
Conclusion: Conclusion derived from the study conducted on 211 patients of diabetes mellitus type II and overweight W.C., WHR and BMI are important, simple, cost effective, anthropometric measurements. Hence we recommended that all patients of obesity visiting Medical OPD and admitted in medical wards should not only be assessed for associated co-morbidities but for time tested anthropometric measurements.
The above table shows the mean comparison of FBS, BMI, waist hip ratio, waist circumference, hip circumference, weight and age between presence and absence of CVA. Statistically significant difference was seen in the waist circumference and WHR higher in patients with CVA in comparison to patients without CVA (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was seen in any of the parameters (P>0.05) between absence and presence of CVA, showing that all the parameters were comparable.
Keywords: Aanthropometric, Proforma, Clinical & Obesity.
TO DETERMINE THE IMPACT OF ART ON RENAL DISEASES IN HIV PATIENTS
Authors: Jain Atishay , Saxena Amit 
Published: March 2020

The study will be carried out on HIV positive patients attending ART centre, General medicine OPD, and those admitted in Medicine wards of Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar.
In this study, among those patients with renal dysfunction, 83.3% patients were on ART since less than 3 years. 16.7% patients were started on ART 3 to 6 years back. The influence of duration of antiretroviral therapy on risk of renal dysfunction was analyzed using One way ANOVA and Tukey pair wise analysis and found to be non significant.
This study shows that there is no significant association between the regimen of HAART and the risk of renal dysfunction. This was contrary to the commonly available data47-57 which revealed that the choice of ART may have predilection for causing renal damage especially from NNRTI group like Tenofovir, which was found to cause renal toxicity. This finding needs to be reanalyzed by further continuation of the study.
Keywords: Impact, ART, Renal & HIV patient.
EVALUATION OF C-REACTIVE PROTEINS (CRP) IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANE IN PATIENTS ATTENDING IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AT MUZAFFARPUR, BIHAR
Authors: Dipak Devkant , Kumar Manoj , Sagar Satyendu , Prasad Anant 
Published: March 2020

Objective: C-Reactive Proteins (CRP) is an important marker of Sub-clinical infection in cases of Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM).The aim of present study was the evaluation of CRP from the patients attending in our hospital with premature rupture of membrane.
Materials and Method: A total of 32 patients of Preterm, Premature rupture of membranes and 32 patients preterm with intact membranes as a control, between 28-36 weeks of gestation were included in the study.
Results: The Sensitivity and specificity of CRP determination was found to be 78.12% each as an early predictor of subclinical chorioamnionitis. TLC had a low sensitivity of 22% and specificity of 65% in detecting histological chorioamnionitis (HCA).
Conclusion: CRP estimation is a simple, reliable, quite affordable and reasonably marker for the detection of early chorioamnionitis.
Keywords: PROM, CRP, Chorioamnionitis, Sensitivity, Specificity
THE THE NEGLECTED ASSOCIATION OF LUNGS AND GLYCEMIC CONTROL.
Authors: Das Dona , Sridhar R.V. , Chandar Midun 
Published: March 2020

The awareness of diabetes and its increasing complications remain hidden and often diagnosed stage at a later stage in India, especially among the rural population. Diabetes is known to affect multiple organs in the body but lung as a target organ has not been highlighted enough. Pulmonary Function Test is an important tool in the early diagnosis of lung involvement in diabetes, however its availability and utility among the mass population in India is not abundant.
TO STUDY THE DIFFERENT CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF MALARIA
Authors: Daseda Saurabh , Runwal Gaurav 
Published: March 2020

Method: This study was done at Department Of Medicine. All patients admitted with malaria in tertiary care Centre during the study period August 2017 to July 2018 were taken for the study after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our study is a clinical, prospective, observational and open study.
Result: Fever occurred in all patients, and it was intermittent in 72.5% of the cases, continuous in 17.5% of the cases and remittent in the remaining 10%. Intermittent fever is the commonest. All 100% patients had chills and rigors. Most of the Patients (65%) had presented with acute illness of 2- 10 days duration of fever. Bifrontal dull aching to throbbing headache associated with fever was presenting clinical symptoms in 92% of patients. Most of the patients complained of generalized weakness, malaise and myalgia. Cerebral manifestation is seen in 10% of patients. Spleenomegaly was predominant in 64% of patients and 40% patient had hepatomegaly. Patient with mixed infection had more propensity to develop systemic complication.
Conclusion: Malaria is an age-old disease of mankind, caused by protozoal plasmodium and transmitted by anopheles mosquito. It is prevalent throughout most tropical countries. Both species are commonly presented with symptoms of intermittent Fever, chills, Bi-frontal headache, vomiting and commonly clinical feature is splenomegaly. Severe complication like anemia, thrombocytopenia jaundice, acute renal failure and sometimes life threatening cerebral malaria are need to address promptly to avoid adverse outcome.
Keywords: Clinical, Malaria, WHO & Presentation.
A STUDY TO ASSESS KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE AMONGST SECOND YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NORTH MAHARASHTRA.
Authors: Avhad Smita , Singh Jeetendra , Mishra Sakshi 
Published: March 2020

Pharmacovigilance (PV) plays a vital role in the healthcare system through assessment, monitoring and discovery of interactions amongst drugs and their effects in human. Medicines do come with their respective adverse effects. Therefore it is imperative to do Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) monitoring while they are being marketed. PV is a part of the second MBBS curriculum, but often given less importance by the students. If this Knowledge Attitude & Practice of PV can be made effective during the MBBS course itself, it may make the students better aware about ADR monitoring.
Aims & Objective: Our purpose was to find out the knowledge, attitude & practices amongst the second year medical students in a tertiary care hospital in North Maharashtra.
Methods: This was an observational based study which had predesigned questions. After seeking the approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee, questionnaire was given to second year students of a tertiary care hospital in north Maharashtra. MS Excel was used for data analysis.
Results: The overall response rate was 76%. 30% answered knowledge question correctly whereas 70% answered the attitude questions correctly. Only 4 % had reported an ADR and majority felt that busy duty hours and fear of legal action was the reason for underreporting.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that in spite of PV being part of 2nd year MBBS, it still needs more emphasis and attention. The student feedback regarding ADR after they visit wards may help in improving the general awareness.
Keywords: Pharmacovigilance, Knowledge, Attitude, ADR.
TO FIND OUT AN APPROPRIATE CUT-OFF VALUE OF HUMAN b-HCG LEVELS IN CERVICOVAGINAL SECRETIONS FOR PREDICTION OF PRETERM DELIVERY
Authors: Meena B S , Jilowa Alka , . Purva , . Anusha , . Samta , . Neelam 
Published: March 2020

Background: Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide and account for 75% of neonatal deaths and 50% of long term morbidity, including respiratory disease and neurodevelopment impairment.
Methods: Hospital based descriptive type of Observational study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur (Raj.)
Results: ROC curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off values of significant variables (b-hcg harmone) detected between the two groups. A 19.05 mIU/ml (Positive if greater Than or Equal To) area under the curve (AUC = 0.906) optimal cut- off value of b-hcg harmone, with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 97.1%, was determined with SE 0.036. This level is good to use as a diagnostic test.
Methods: β-HCG test is good and β-hcg has high sensitivity and specificity so can be used as a diagnostic test for preterm labor.
Keywords: β-HCG, Sensitivity, Specificity, Diagnostic.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PRESSURE PROFILE TEST VERSUS PALMER’S TEST IN PREDICTING CORRECT INTRA-PERITONEAL PLACEMENT OF VERESS NEEDLE PRIOR TO INSUFFLATION DURING LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES
Authors: . Divya , Rajput Neelam 
Published: March 2020

Background: Laparoscopy is an important and common method of accessing the peritoneal cavity to perform many types of gynaecologic surgery. Clearly safety of entry is of the utmost importance and despite debate regarding the preferred method of achieving peritoneal access; there is no single technique with demonstrated superiority.
Methods: All consecutive patients who had a legitimate indication and declared fit to undergo a laparoscopic operation in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, K D Medical College, Hospital & Research Center; Mathura (UP) underwent a prospective observational study. There were no exclusion criteria.
Results- In normal weight category sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, were 0.99, 1, 1and 0.75 respectively. In overweight category sensitivity and PPV were 1, and 0.97 respectively. In obese category sensitivity, PPV, were 1and 1 respectively
Conclusion: So we can see that pressure profile test shows higher sensitivity and PPV across all grades of surgeons as well as higher specificity and NPV.
Keywords: Sensitivity, specificity, overweight.
DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EAR MASSAGE, DEEP BREATH RELAXATION, AND GUIDE IMAGERY IN REDUCING LABOR PAIN
Authors: Hanafi Moh. , R Wiwin Renny , . Suyanta , Rajiani Ismi 
Published: March 2020

Background: Labor and birth are physiological processes of women. Although it is natural for women, but in general, the process is accompanied by severe pain and sometimes even lead to life-threatening. Childbirth pain is a problem that receives proper attention from nurses. Many alternative and complementary methods besides the use of drugs, can be applied to reduce pain. The methods applied include a holistic approach to ear massage, deep breathing relaxation, and guided imagery.
Research method: This research is a quasi experiment. The research design used in this study is the "pre test and post test group design experiment" research by collecting data twice, namely before and after treatment.
Results: From the analysis results obtained p value<0.05 indicating the three variables give the effect of the difference in pain between before and after the intervention. The difference in mean between the three interventions, ear massage and guide imagery have the same effect of reducing pain scale. However, if observed from the large value, imagery guide is the most effective in reducing labour pain. This is because the guide imagery can minimise labor pain by up to 12 times, while ear massage reduces labor pain by up to 10 times and breathing relaxation in reducing labor pain by up to 8 times.
Conclusion: There is an effect of ear massage, deep breathing relaxation and guide imagery in reducing labor pain.
Keywords: ear massage, deep breathing relaxation, and guide imagery, labor pain
SERUM-CORTISOL LEVELS IN SEVERITY OF STROKE
Authors: Agarwal Akshat , Iqbaal Haroon 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Cortisol, an important hormone in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, has important effects on the metabolism of glucose, protein and lipid[i]. A stress response consists of increased levels of cortisol and catecholamines in the 1st weeks after acute stroke. The cortisol response has been observed in cerebral infarction as well as in intracerebral haemorrhage. Change in serum level of cortisol has been reported in patients with ischemic stroke and studies reported that high levels of this hormone are independently associated with increase in ischemic lesion volume. Also it has been observed that cortisol level in patients with ischemic stroke is associated with significantly increased mortality rate. Increase in the circulating levels of catecholamines was shown in insular damage in experimental stroke suggesting this as a mechanism for the cardiac complications associated with stroke.
Patients and Methods: All patients were included in the study who was admitted within 6 hours in the hospital after the episode of stroke. Scandinavian Stroke Scale (SSS)[ii] was monitored in all patients from admission. SSS was performed every 2 hours in the first 24 hours, every 4 hours in the next 48 hours and then daily up to day 7. Blood samples were obtained for routine investigation and estimation of serum cortisol. No patients had blood samples drawn for cortisol determination between 01:00 and 07:00 am.
Results: Mean age was observed in the current series was 72.8 ± 12.54 years. There were 34 (53.1%) male and 30(46.9%) female. SSS was observed to be 36 (21-47) on admission. History of hypertension, History of stroke, Diabetes mellitus and Atrial fibrillation was observed in 38(59.4%), 12(18.8%), 24(37.5%) and 11(17.2%) respectively. In univariate logistic regression analysis of the relations to 7 days of mortality, s-cortisol, SSS on admission, and pulse rate reached a significance level. Age, atrial fibrillation, blood glucose, body temperature 12 h after stroke onset, and the presence of early infarctions signs did not reach a significance level of 0.1 in univariate testing. S-cortisol level was higher in patients with insular involvement, 635 nmol/l, in comparison to patients without insular involvement, 589 nmol/l.
Conclusion: Adrenal glucocorticoid stress response in acute stroke is harmful. High cortisol levels are associated with the poor outcome and mortality of the patients with stroke.
Keywords: Cortisol, HPA, Stroke, SSS
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ONE NURSING STUDENT ONE CLIENT ASSISTANCE IN REDUCING HIGH-RISK PREGNANCY
Authors: Setyowati Tutik , Nuryan Erni , . Suharto , Rajiani Ismi 
Published: March 2020

Background: This research aimed to identify the effectiveness of One Nursing Student One Client (OSOC) Assistance in decreasing high-risk pregnancy as an effort to accelerate the decline in maternal and infant mortality rates.Methods: The research design employed the post test-only control group design method, where the high-risk pregnant women are accompanied by one student one client. After supervision has been completed, the results were then compared with the control group that has been given high-risk leaflet prevention for pregnant women. Mann Whitney Test is used to test the difference statistically.Results: The results of high-risk statistical analysis of hypertension obtained results p = 0.000 (P <0.05), anemia p = 0.001 (P <0.05), swollen extremity p = 0.040 (P <0.05) which means there is a very significant different average value of high-risk pregnancy between the control group and the experimental group. This indicates that OSOC counseling is effective in reducing high-risk pregnancies of positive urine protein to negative urine protein in Blora City Community Health Center compared with leaflets to control groups. Further, counseling at high risk of swollen extremity was obtained p = 0. 114 (P> 0.05) which mean there was no difference of the mean value of high pregnancy risk of swollen extremity between the control and experiment group.Conclusion: One nursing student one client assistance is effective in reducing high-risk of the third trimester pregnancy women suffering from hypertension, anemia and positive urine proteins. K
eywords: mentoring one nursing student one client, high-risk pregnancy