bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of guideline changes on adoption of hypofractionation and breast cancer patient characteristics in the randomized controlled HYPOSIB trial
Authors: Krug David , Vonthein Reinhard , Schreiber Andreas , Boicev Alexander D. , Zimmer Jörg , Laubach Reinhold , Weidner Nicola , Dinges Stefan , Hipp Matthias , Schneider Ralf , Weinstrauch Evelyn , Martin Thomas , Hörner-Rieber Juliane , Olbrich Denise , Illen Alicia , Heßler Nicole , König Inke R. , Dellas Kathrin , Dunst Jürgen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Hypofractionated radiotherapy is the standard of care for adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy (RT). However, adoption has been slow. The indication for regional nodal irradiation has been expanded to include patients with 0–3 involved lymph nodes. We investigated the impact of the publication of the updated German S3 guidelines in 2017 on adoption of hypofractionation and enrollment of patients with lymph node involvement within a randomized controlled phase III trial.

Methods
In the experimental arm of the HYPOSIB trial (NCT02474641), hypofractionated RT with simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) was used. In the standard arm, RT could be given as hypofractionated RT with sequential boost (HFseq), normofractionated RT with sequential boost (NFseq), or normofractionated RT with SIB (NFSIB). The cutoff date for the updated German S3 guidelines was December 17, 2017. Temporal trends were analyzed by generalized linear regression models. Multiple logistic regression models were used to investigate the influence of time (prior to/after guideline) and setting (university hospital/other institutions) on the fractionation patterns.

Results
Enrollment of patients with involved lymph nodes was low throughout the trial. Adoption of HFseq increased over time and when using the guideline publication date as cutoff. Results of the multiple logistic regressions showed an interaction between time and setting. Furthermore, the use of HFseq was significantly more common in university hospitals.

Conclusion
The use of HFseq in the standard arm increased over the course of the HYPOSIB trial and after publication of the S3 guideline update. This was primarily driven by patients treated in university hospitals. Enrolment of patients with lymph node involvement was low throughout the trial.
Kombinierte Vitamin-D- und Vitamin-K-Supplemente für Kinder und Jugendliche: Nutzen oder Risiko?
Authors: Greber-Platzer Susanne , Haiden Nadja , Hauer Almuthe Christina , Lanzersdorfer Roland , Pietschnig Beate , Schneider Anna-Maria , Scholl-Bürgi Sabine , Sperl Wolfgang , Stenzl Helga-Christina , Weghuber Daniel , Zwiauer Karl , Eibensteiner Fabian , Högler Wolfgang , Marx George ,   Ernährungskommission der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde (ÖGKJ), Greber-Platzer Susanne , Haiden Nadja , Hauer Almuthe Christina , Lanzersdorfer Roland , Pietschnig Beate , Schneider Anna-Maria , Scholl-Bürgi Sabine , Sperl Wolfgang , Stenzl Helga-Christina , Weghuber Daniel , Zwiauer Karl , Eibensteiner Fabian , Högler Wolfgang , Marx George 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungEine tägliche Vitamin-D-Supplementierung für Säuglinge bis zum zweiten erlebten Frühsommer zur Prävention der Rachitis und die Gabe von Vitamin K1 bei Neugeborenen zur Prävention von Vitamin-K-Mangel-Blutungen sind empfohlen.Seit einiger Zeit sind in Österreich Kombinationsprodukte der beiden fettlöslichen Vitamine D3 und K2 auf dem Markt erhältlich, die mit gesundheitsfördernden Effekten wie verbesserter Knochenmineralisation und Schutz vor vaskulärer Kalkeinlagerung beworben werden.Die Wirkung einer kombinierten Supplementierung von Vitamin D und Vitamin K2 bei Kindern ist aus physiologischer Sicht gesehen zwar potenziell sinnvoll, um Effekt, Risiken oder unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen zu evaluieren. Zuvor werden aber Dosisfindungs- und Sicherheitsstudien für die kombinierte Verabreichung benötigt. Insbesondere sind randomisierte kontrollierte Studien bei Risikokindern und Frühgeborenen notwendig. Solange diese Daten nicht vorliegen, erscheint die Gabe von Vitamin D in Kombination mit Vitamin K2 im Kindesalter nicht gerechtfertigt und kann daher auch nicht empfohlen werden.
Impact of exogenous α-amylases on sugar formation in straight dough wheat bread
Authors: Rebholz Gerold Felix , Sebald Karin , Dirndorfer Sebastian , Dawid Corinna , Hofmann Thomas , Scherf Katharina Anne 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe use of bacterial or fungal α-amylases is common in wheat bread production to improve several quality-related parameters such as loaf volume, crust color or staling behavior. To study the impact of exogenous α-amylases on straight dough wheat bread, we quantitated mono-, di- and oligosaccharides and residual α-amylase activity in bread crumb during storage for up to 96 h. Discovery-driven proteomics of the five α-amylase preparations studied showed that only a few different amylases per preparation were responsible for the hydrolytic effect. Compared to the control, the supplementation with α-amylase fromBacillus amyloliquefaciensin wheat dough preparation led to major changes in the sugar composition of bread crumb during storage with the formation of oligosaccharides like maltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, and maltooctaose. A residual activity corresponding to 4.0% of the applied activity was determined in the breads prepared with α-amylase fromB. amyloliquefaciens, but no residual activity was detected for any of the other fungal or bacterial α-amylases fromAspergillus oryzaeorThermoactinomyces vulgaris. Whether the detected residual activity is related to the characteristics of bread staling or bread crumb properties must be clarified in further studies.
Facial palsy in children: long-term outcome assessed face-to-face and follow-up revealing high recurrence rate
Authors: Kanerva Mervi , Liikanen Hanna , Pitkäranta Anne 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the long-term (minimum of 2 years from the palsy onset) outcome of pediatric facial palsy by patient questionnaire and face-to-face assessment by the Sunnybrook facial grading system, House–Brackmann grading system, and Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0. To compare the outcome results of self-assessment with the face-to-face assessment. To assess the applicability of the grading scales. To assess the palsy recurrence rate (minimum of a 10-year follow-up).Methods46 consecutive pediatric facial palsy patients: 38 (83%) answered the questionnaire and 25 (54%) attended a follow-up visit. Chart review of 43 (93%) after a minimum of 10 years for the facial palsy recurrence rate assessment.ResultsOf the 25 patients assessed face-to-face, 68% had totally recovered but 35% of them additionally stated subjective sequelae in a self-assessment questionnaire. Good recovery was experienced by 80% of the patients. In a 10-year follow-up, 14% had experienced palsy recurrence, only one with a known cause. Sunnybrook was easy and logical to use, whereas House–Brackmann and the Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0 were incoherent.ConclusionsFacial palsy in children does not heal as well as traditionally claimed if meticulously assessed face-to-face. Patients widely suffer from subjective sequelae affecting their quality of life. Palsy recurrence was high, much higher than previously reported even considering the whole lifetime. Of these three grading systems, Sunnybrook was the most applicable.
Multimodal control of neck muscles for vestibular mediated head oscillation damping during walking: a pilot study
Authors: Hölzl Matthias , Neuhuber Winfried , Ueberschär Olaf , Schleichardt Axel , Stamm Natalie , Arens Christoph , Biesdorf Andreas , Goessler Ulrich , Hülse Roland 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
It is still in question whether head oscillation damping during walking forms a part of the vestibular function. The anatomical pathway from the vestibular system to the neck muscles via the medial vestibulospinal tract (MVST) is well known but there is a lack of knowledge of the exact influence and modulation of each other in daily life activities.

Methods
(I) We fixed a head–neck unit of a human cadaver specimen in a steal frame to determine the required pitch-torque for a horizontal head position. The mean value of the acquired pitch-torque was 0.54 Nm. (II) On a motorized treadmill we acquired kinematic data of the head, the sternum and both feet by wireless 3D IMUs for seven asymptomatic volunteers. Subsequently three randomized task conditions were performed. Condition 1 was walking without any irritation. Condition 2 imitated a sacculus irritation using a standardized cVEMP signal. The third condition used an electric neck muscle-irritation (TENS). The data were analyzed by the simulation environment software OpenSim 4.0.

Results
8 neck muscle pairs were identified. By performing three different conditions we observed some highly significant deviations of the neck muscle peak torques. Analysing Euler angles, we found during walking a LARP and RALP head pendulum, which also was strongly perturbated.

Conclusion
Particularly the pitch-down head oscillation damping is the most challenging one for neck muscles, especially under biomechanical concerns. Mainly via MVST motor activity of neck muscles might be modulated by vestibular motor signals. Two simultaneous proprioceptor effects might optimize head oscillation damping. One might be a proprioceptive feedback loop to the vestibular nucleus. Another might trigger the cervicocollic reflex (CCR).
Collateral damage of the COVID-19 pandemic: an alarming decline in critical procedures in otorhinolaryngology in a German university hospital
Authors: Riemann Sarah , Speck Iva , Gerstacker Kathrin , Becker Christoph , Knopf Andreas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on the diagnosis and treatment of ENT patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the pandemic on the number of otolaryngological procedures, particularly for critical diagnoses with potential negative effects due to prolonged symptom duration.

Methods
We evaluated 10,716 surgical procedures between January 1, 2018 and May 31, 2020, focusing on the 16-week period around March 16, 2020, which includes 1080 observations. We further analyzed subsets of critical procedures.

Results
We found a decline in critical procedures by 43% although no critical procedures were postponed by the hospital. Meanwhile, the share of critical procedures increased up to 90% caused by the cancellation of elective surgery. Especially worrisome was that diagnostic procedures for suspected malignancies decreased by 41% during the pandemic.

Conclusion
The decline in critical procedures in otorhinolaryngology as collateral damage of the COVID-19 pandemic is considerable and therefore alarming.
The Japan Society for Surgical Infection: guidelines for the prevention, detection, and management of gastroenterological surgical site infection, 2018
Authors:   The Committee for Gastroenterological Surgical Site Infection Guidelines, the Japan Society for Surgical Infection, Ohge Hiroki , Mayumi Toshihiko , Haji Seiji , Kitagawa Yuichi , Kobayashi Masahiro , Kobayashi Motomu , Mizuguchi Toru , Mohri Yasuhiko , Sakamoto Fumie , Shimizu Junzo , Suzuki Katsunori , Uchino Motoi , Yamashita Chizuru , Yoshida Masahiro , Hirata Koichi , Sumiyama Yoshinobu , Kusachi Shinya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The guidelines for the prevention, detection, and management of gastroenterological surgical site infections (SSIs) were published in Japanese by the Japan Society for Surgical Infection in 2018. This is a summary of these guidelines for medical professionals worldwide.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence for diagnosis and treatment of gastroenterological SSIs, based on the concepts of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. The strength of recommendations was graded and voted using the Delphi method and the nominal group technique. Modifications were made to the guidelines in response to feedback from the general public and relevant medical societies.

Results
There were 44 questions prepared in seven subject areas, for which 51 recommendations were made. The seven subject areas were: definition and etiology, diagnosis, preoperative management, prophylactic antibiotics, intraoperative management, perioperative management, and wound management. According to the GRADE system, we evaluated the body of evidence for each clinical question. Based on the results of the meta-analysis, recommendations were graded using the Delphi method to generate useful information. The final version of the recommendations was published in 2018, in Japanese.

Conclusions
The Japanese Guidelines for the prevention, detection, and management of gastroenterological SSI were published in 2018 to provide useful information for clinicians and improve the clinical outcome of patients.
Species identity, rather than species mixtures, drives cover crop effects on nutrient partitioning in unfertilized agricultural soil
Authors: Freund Lucas , Mariotte Pierre , Santonja Mathieu , Buttler Alexandre , Jeangros Bernard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aims
Previous cover crop studies mainly focused on the links between plant uptake and soil fertility, and there is a clear knowledge gap regarding the role of microbes in these processes. Our aim was then to better understand the effects of plant mixtures (versus monoculture) and the specific effects of each plant species on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) partitioning between plant, soil, and more particularly microbial pools.

Methods
Monocultures and mixtures composed of black oat, field pea and Indian mustard were grown during two months in a greenhouse. The concentrations of carbon (C), N and P were measured in both plant and microbial biomass at final harvest, together with soil available N and P.

Results
Overall, our findings highlight stronger selection effect (i.e., presence of key species) rather than complementarity effects (i.e., species mixture) to affect the measured parameters. The presence of pea increased the biomass production of oat and mustard, as well as the nutrient concentration of oat, whereas pea P concentration decreased in presence of oat and mustard N and P concentrations were negatively impacted respectively by the presence of oat and pea. We also observed a strong competition between plants and microbes for both soil N and P.

Conclusions
The oat-pea and the oat-pea-mustard mixtures represented the best compromise between biomass production, nutrient storage and biomass C:N ratio, thus insuring a good organic matter decomposition and nutrient provision for the following main crop.
Soziale Spaltung und Corona-Kapitalismus
Authors: Klundt Michael 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag untersucht zunächst die sozioökonomischen Bedingungen der sozialen Spaltungsprozesse im Corona-Crash, um daraufhin Implikationen für Kinderechte und (Kinder-)Armut in einem reichen Land zu betrachten.
‘Consumption as Work’ - Questioning the Meaning of ‘Retirement’ in the Self-Service Economy
Authors: Nicholls Richard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article contributes to the establishment of a new perspective in the debate on how to respond to the economic and social challenges of ageing society. It re-examines the productive activity of older people through the lens of the self-service economy and initiates a discussion on how the self-service economy can be leveraged to help deal with some of the challenges created by an ageing population. The article’s main argument is built on the growing importance of self-service and the potential for older consumers to engage in such production/consumption. The substantial efficiency gains surrounding increased levels of self-service are illustrated. The potential of the retired population engaging in self-service and thus dampen the life cycle deficit is highlighted. Self-service activity by older consumers is presented as a type of productive activity and as forming part of older people’s contribution to society. It is argued that the growing self-service nature of consumption brings the meaning of ‘retirement’ even further into question. The policy implications of self-service are explored and a wide range of suggestions for further research areas related to self-service and the older consumer are put forward.
Sexual Harassment in Transit Environments among College Students in the #MeToo Era: Reporting Evidence from Six Continents
Authors: Ceccato Vania , Loukaitou-Sideris Anastasia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEvaluating patterns of sexual violence against young people across the world in the era of the #MeToo movement presents great opportunities for research and practice but also challenges. The aim of this article is to critically assess an internet-based methodology employed in a comparative study conducted with university students in 18 different cities, in six continents. While our main purpose is to examine the methodological aspects of this study, the article also presents briefly its major findings and discusses compiled recommendations to curb sexual violence in some of the most important transit systems in the world. Findings show that sexual violence in transit environments is a common occurrence globally, is highly underreported, and ranges considerably from one city to the other, and between gender groups. Lessons from this study suggest that it is crucial to use identical research tools and choose partners who can ensure that research tasks are undertaken on time, ethically, and with good care for the quality of data and the research process. To curb sexual violence on transit, actions tailored to local contexts are necessary, but as underreporting of harassment is prevalent in all contexts, one global need is initiatives that facilitate incident reporting.
Ursachen der unterschiedlichen Entwicklung demokratischer Standards in den postkommunistischen Staaten Europas
Authors: Ziemer Klaus 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie politische Entwicklung etlicher bis 1989/91 kommunistischer Staaten in Richtung Rechtsstaatlichkeit verlief so positiv, dass die EU zwischen 2004 und 2013 elf von ihnen als Vollmitglieder aufnahm. Seither nimmt das politische System vor allem in Ungarn und Polen zunehmend autoritäre Züge an. Der Beitrag fragt zunächst nach möglichen langfristigen Prägungen der politischen Kultur dieser Länder durch ihre Zugehörigkeit zu Ostmittel- bzw. Südosteuropa und geht danach Ursachen für die nachlassende Attraktivität der demokratischen Wertevorstellungen der EU in einigen neuen Mitgliedsländern nach. Es zeigt sich, dass einige Nationalkonservative wie Orbán in Ungarn der EU den Verrat europäischer Grundwerte wie Christentum, Familie oder Nation vorwerfen und ihr eigenes Modell als die Zukunft Europas propagieren. Skizziert werden weiter der „Umbau“ der Verfassungssysteme in Ungarn und Polen, bei dem im politischen Institutionensystem gezielt horizontale Kontrollen abgebaut werden, sowie Argumentationsmuster populistischer Parteien. Deutlich wird dabei u. a., dass zu kommunistischer Zeit tabuisierte Konfliktlagen aus der Vergangenheit heute destabilisierend nachwirken. Abschließend wird gefragt, welche innergesellschaftlichen Kräfte wie etwa die Kirchen oder externen Akteure wie die EU zu einer Festigung der rechtsstaatlichen Einstellungen und Strukturen in den jeweiligen Gesellschaften beitragen können.
Let’s groove: attachment techniques of Eurasian elk (Alces alces) tooth pendants at the Late Mesolithic cemetery Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov (Lake Onega, Russia)
Authors: Mannermaa Kristiina , Rainio Riitta , Girya Evgeny Yu. , Gerasimov Dmitry V. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMore than 4300 Eurasian elk (Alces alces) incisors, most of them pendants, were found in 84 burials in the Late Mesolithic cemetery of Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov, Northwest Russia. We analysed the manufacture techniques of elk teeth (4014), in the collection of the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, St Petersburg. A striking observation is that the manufacture of these pendants is similar in all burials. Teeth were worked by carving one or several grooves around the root tip. In addition to grooved ones, a number of teeth were not worked at all. The uniformity of the chosen species, tooth and techniques indicates that strict norms prevailed in the pendant industry. Despite the overall similarity, our study shows some variation in making pendants. A groove can cut the whole circumference of the root, or several distinct grooves can mark opposite sides of the root. Sometimes the grooves are deep and made carefully, and sometimes they are weak and made hastily. A typology of various groove types was created. In many graves, one groove type dominates. We interpret that this inter-burial variation and domination of one type resulted from personal choice and taste based on practicality. Such variation could also be associated with kin identifiers, but we did not find clear support for that in our study. Our study indicates that the groove types as such had no connection with particular ornaments, garments or hanging positions.
Point prevalence survey to evaluate the seropositivity for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among high-risk healthcare workers
Authors: Yogo Norihiro , Greenwood Kristina L. , Thompson Leslie , Wells Pamela J. , Munday Stephen , Smith Tyler C. , Smith Besa , Bakhtar Omid R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmong 1,770 healthcare workers serving in high-risk care areas for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 39 (2.2%) were seropositive. Exposure to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the community was associated with being seropositive. Job or unit type and percentage of time working with COVID-19 patients were not associated with positive antibody tests.
The making of the ‘useless and pathological’ uterus in Taiwan, 1960s to 1990s
Authors: Wang Hsiu-Yun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDuring the 1960s and 1970s, the notion that the uterus is a useless and pathological organ after a woman has had ‘enough’ children emerged alongside news reports of excessive hysterectomy in Taiwan. This notion and hysterectomy became two sides of the same coin, the former pointing to the burden of birth control and cancer risk, and the latter to sterilization and removing cancer risk. I explore how, in post-war Taiwan, the notion became commonplace through the intersection of three historical formations: the medical tradition of employing surgery to manage risk (such as appendectomy for appendicitis), American-dominated family planning projects that intensified the surgical approach and promoted reproductive rationality, and cancer prevention campaigns that helped cultivate a sense of cancer risk. The gender politics operating in the family planning and cancer prevention projects were apparent. The burden of birth control fell mainly on women, and the cancer prevention campaign, centring almost exclusively on early detection of cervical cancer, made cancer into a woman’s disease. I argue that the discourses of reproductive rationality and disease risk were parallel and, in several key ways, intersecting logics that rendered the uterus useless and pathological and then informed surgeons’ practice of hysterectomy. Exploring the ways in which the uterus was envisioned and targeted in the history of medicine in Taiwan, this paper shows overlapping bio-politics in three strands of research in an East Asian context – namely women’s health, family planning and cancer prevention – and offers a case for global comparison.