bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE ROLE OF AMBIVALENCE ON WELL-BEING OF AGING PARENTS WHO HAVE A DISABLED CHILD: MULTILEVEL MEDIATION APPROACH
Authors: Namkung Eun Ha 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
According to the family systems theory, strains from parenting an adult with disabilities may spillover to parents’ relationships with their other children and disrupt family dynamics and their well-being in later life. This study examined whether parental ambivalence toward their non-disabled children is greater in families of adults with disabilities [developmental disabilities (DD) or serious mental illnesses (SMI)] than families without an adult child with disabilities. The study also investigated whether ambivalence mediates the associations of having an adult child with DD or SMI on parents’ health. Data were from the 2011 Wisconsin Longitudinal Study in which aging parents (Mage = 71; n = 6,084) were asked about their relationship with each of their adult children. Multilevel regression models and multilevel structural equation models (MSEM) were estimated to analyze the data. Our findings showed that parents of an adult with SMI felt greater ambivalence toward their non-disabled adult children than comparison group parents of adults without disabilities, whereas no significant differences were found between parents of an adult with DD and comparison group parents. Parental ambivalence toward their non-disabled adult children played a significant indirect role in the negative association between having a child with SMI and parental physical and mental health, after adjusting for parent- and child-characteristics associated with parental health and/or ambivalence. The findings have implications for clinical practice with aging families of adults with disabilities and suggest the need for additional research to better understand intergenerational dynamics in these families.
DOES AUGMENTATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE 2 IMPROVE METABOLIC FITNESS?
Authors: Chocron Sandra , Pickering Andrew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Mitochondrial Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR2) is a rate limiting enzyme in the mitochondrial thioredoxin system which serves as one of the major mitochondrial ROS scavenging pathways. Txnrd2 is also a repressor of the ASK-1 oxidative stress induced apoptotic pathway. Our group previously identified a correlation with the expression of this protein and long-lived species and its overexpression prolonged lifespan in Drosophila. We have generated a TrxR2 transgenic (T-tg) mouse which has ubiquitously heighted (two-fold) TrxR2 expression. We found that overexpression of TrxR2 leads to enhanced mitochondrial metabolism and increased resistance to mitochondrial oxidative damage in MEFs (data not shown). We also found that female T-tg mice showed a leaner trend and reduced food consumption, with improved glucose tolerance but no difference in insulin sensitivity. These mice showed a lower Oxygen consumption and CO2 production with lower energy expenditure in individual metabolic cages. We further tested their exercise capacity where T-tg mice had a similar performance to control mice. These results suggest that TrxR2 overexpression can lead to some beneficial metabolic changes that need to be further understood. (Acknowledgments to Nathan Shock Lifespan assessment Core for the help developing all these assays in mice).
THE ROLE OF FRAILTY IN DEMENTIA EXPRESSION: EVIDENCE FROM CLINICAL-PATHOLOGIC COHORT STUDIES
Authors: Wallace Lindsay M , Theou Olga , Andrew Melissa K , Bennett David , Brayne Carol , Rockwood Kenneth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests that pathological features of dementia are diverse and don’t wholly explain variability in dementia incidence. Objective: discuss the role of frailty in dementia expression using evidence from clinical-pathologic cohort studies. Methods: Cross-sectional relationships between neuropathology (Braak, CERAD staging), frailty (frailty index at last study visit before death), and dementia diagnosis at death were performed using data from the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP) and the Cambridge City Over 75s Cohort study (CC75C). Results: Participants were 89.7±6.2 and 92.2±4.5 years in MAP (n=451) and CC75C (n=177) and mostly female (69.4-70.1%). Most had dementia (52.8%-59.3%). Frailty was normally distributed (mean FI0.42±0.18 in MAP and 0.34±0.16 in CC75C). Frailty was associated with dementia in MAP (OR=1.88, p&lt;0.001) and CC75C (OR=1.30, p=0.03) after controlling for age, sex, time to death, and neuropathology. Longitudinal analysis is in progress. Frailty appears to play a meaningful role in dementia expression.
LESSONS LEARNED FROM ACCREDITING GERONTOLOGY PROGRAMS: GETTING READY!
Authors: Sterns Harvey L , Hahn Janet S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Accreditation for Gerontology Education Council (AGEC) is an organization that collaborates with, but is independent from the Gerontological Society of America and the Academy for Gerontology in Higher Education. It is directed by a Board of Governors consisting of nine members representing higher education gerontology programs and entities associated with the field of aging. The organizational structure also includes review teams, site visitors, and staff support. Higher education degree granting programs in gerontology, specifically associate arts degree, baccalaureate degree, and master’s degree programs, are eligible to apply to AGEC for accreditation. This symposium will have presentations that focus on Overview and Experiences to Date that will describe the accreditation process and what has been learned by the accreditation of the first three degree programs. The second presentation will focus on How and Why to Apply for Accreditation and will provide background information on the steps and processes necessary to submit for the accreditation review with clarification updates. The third presentation will provide lessons learned from our first reviews with suggestions on Preparing the Self- Study and will include guidance on approaches to be taken. The fourth presentation is also lessons learned with a focus on Mapping the Competencies as part of the Self Study. Symposium presenters share important information to encourage gerontology degree programs to apply for AGEC accreditation.
CRITICAL SOCIAL GERONTOLOGY AND RURAL AGING
Authors: Burholt Vanessa , Scharf thomas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the extent to which critical gerontology has raised awareness of the heterogeneity of rural ageing in High Income Countries (HICs) and compare this to our knowledge of the issues that are associated with rural ageing in Low to Middle Income Countries (LMICS). We will draw on Nancy Fraser’s social justice framework to summarize key issues around: (1) Demography (such as globalization, urbanization, counter-urbanization and rural population ageing); (2) Resources (individual material and social resources; community resources such as access to services); (3) Recognition (social status, cultural visibility through social participation and cultural worth through valued social roles); (4) Representation (in social, health and rural development policies; and in private sector and NGO approaches). We argue that an intersectional approach that takes into account location and context (structural/economic/political) alongside other dimensions of oppression and/or privilege can provide a better understanding of the experience of ageing in rural areas.
RETHINKING RURAL GERONTOLOGY THROUGH A DEWEYAN PRAGMATIST PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Cutchin Malcolm , Cutchin Malcolm P , Rowles Graham D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rural aging as we have conceived of it in the gerontological literature of the past 50 years no longer exists, if it ever did. In this presentation, we contribute toward a reframing of the discourse on rural aging through a critique of established views of rural aging as an ecological, cultural, and phenomenological experience. We argue that each view is limited in its ability to encapsulate the essence of rural living and community. Our critique provides a context for a dynamic perspective on rural aging that embraces the situational uniqueness of each rural environment. We introduce that perspective, based in John Dewey’s philosophy, and grounded in the idea of situationally defined manifestations of place integration within an ever-changing milieu. We conclude with a discussion of key implications, including how this perspective reshapes the roles of researchers and older rural residents in the process of ongoing rural gerontological inquiry.
PRE-REGISTERING QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: BENEFITS, UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES, AND UNANSWERED QUESTIONS
Authors: Bowers Barbara 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
While preregistration has gained increasing acceptance for quantitative, particularly experimental, studies, its relevance and implementation for qualitative research has only recently been proposed. This presentation provides an overview of the very recent and ongoing debate on the potential benefits and costs of implementing preregistration for qualitative research. The presentation summarizes the debates about whether and how preregistration will lead to greater transparency in qualitative research, explores the implications of preregistration for qualitative research, identifies some of the costs incurred in preregistering qualitative studies, describes the inaccurate assumptions about qualitative research that are repeatedly embedded in calls for preregistration, and identifies some likely, unintended consequences of adopting the same approaches employed or proposed for quantitative studies. Acknowledging the importance of greater transparency and reduced publication bias for all research, including qualitative studies, questions about transparency that qualitative researchers must urgently address are also suggested.
MEASUREMENT OF GERIATRIC SURGERY OUTCOMES IN A NATIONAL REGISTRY
Authors: Finlayson Emily 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program started a “Geriatric Pilot” in January 2014. This project has already collected 19 additional older adult specialty variables in more than 60,000 patients undergoing operations. Twenty-six medical centers participate from across North America. The variables collect information in the domains of cognition, function, mobility and decision-making. Variables are collected in both the pre- and post-operative settings. It is clear that the quality of surgical care cannot be limited to the immediate hospitalization. The pilot has recently expanded its use of longer-term outcomes and has begun collecting 30-day outcomes of functional status and living location.
EFFECTIVENESS VS. EFFICACY: CREATING EVIDENCE FROM GERIATRIC SURGERY QUALITY PROGRAMS
Authors: Ma Meixi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program started a “Geriatric Pilot” in January 2014. This initiative has collecting specialty variable related to older adults in more than 60,000 patients 65 years and older undergoing operations. Multiple research publications have been generated from this pioneering national quality program focused on surgical quality in older adults. The purpose of this presentation will be to review the major findings of this new body of research. Studies have focused on functional trajectory following operations, postoperative delirium, and peri-operative decision-making.
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF PAIN IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Sehgal Sonia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pain and pain management is a growing concern for older adult patients and their health care providers. Upwards of 50% of older adults report having bothersome pain and 75% of these individuals report having pain in more than one location. Persistent pain is associated with decreased physical function, depression, isolation, and a decreased quality of life. Managing chronic pain in the setting of an opioid crisis requires special knowledge about the aging body so that medications can be used safely and effectively; and adjuvant therapies such as PT or acupuncture can be maximized. This segment of the symposium will review common challenges faced by primary care providers when managing chronic pain in older adults: the natural physiologic changes that occur in the aging body, co-morbid chronic diseases which can complicate pain syndromes, and assessing pain in cognitively impaired patients.
INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES TO MANAGING PAIN IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Kilgore David 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the United States, over 100 million people have chronic pain, which is associated not only with high care costs, disability and suffering, but more recently, with growing concerns about potential side effects and complications from medications commonly used to treat pain, in particular NSAIDs and opioid therapies. Pain is a multifaceted issue involving nutritional, psychosocial, biochemical, neurological and physical components. Our current medical model typically addresses pain in a unidimensional mode that often only focuses on medications. The last decade has seen advancement in the evidence base behind a number of Integrative therapies used to treat pain, most of which offer a safe side effect profile and can help expand the toolkit of available options to treat this challenging problem in the older patient. This session will briefly review several examples of Integrative therapies for pain, including Acupuncture, Mind Body treatments, Nutrition and selected supplements.
EXERCISE THERAPY: AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO MANAGING PAIN IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: In Lydia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Physical therapy improves the physical function and strength of older adults. Exercise decreases pain associated with osteoarthritis of the knee and hip, while improving well-being and physical function in patients with fibromyalgia. Current CDC guidelines for chronic pain management recommend exercise therapy as one of the non-pharmacologic strategies to employ. Based on a patient’s personal goals, physical therapists, experts in human movement, design individualized care plans, provide appropriate interventions, and modify treatment as necessary to optimize or maintain function, improve quality of life, and delay dependency and need of care. When PTs work with patients in pain, they focus on the movement patterns that may contribute to the pain. PTs also evaluate risk factors for pain to help prevent future pain issues. Strategies employed by physical therapists will be discussed, and well as ways to integrate exercise into a holistic and multi-disciplinary pain management approach.
INTEREST GROUP SESSION—SLEEP, CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS AND AGING INTEREST GROUP: SLEEP, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND BRAIN AGING
Authors: Kaufmann Christopher N , Stone Katie L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the US population ages, the prevalence of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and related dementias is expected to increase, making dementia prevention efforts a major public health priority. Impaired sleep and circadian rhythms, along with other lifestyle factors, have emerged as important modifiable disease risk factors—recent studies demonstrate the importance of sleep in preventing the development of key biomarkers for AD/dementia pathology. In this symposium, we will highlight findings on the associations of sleep, circadian rhythm disruptions, and daytime activity patterns on development of cognitive decline and dementia, exploring not only the mechanisms driving these associations, but the potential impact of sleep and lifestyle interventions in promoting healthy brain aging. The symposium consists of four presentations which use data from large national cohort studies. First, we will present analyses on patterns of 24-hour (circadian) activity rhythms (e.g., usual time of day for peak activity, regularity of circadian patterns) and incident dementia risk. The second presentation will present findings pertaining to understanding the link between sleep disturbance and inflammation (a substantial contributor to cognitive aging). The third will examine whether detailed daytime activity patterns associate with imaging-based brain volumes, independent of sleep disturbance. The final presentation will explore whether initiation of sleep disorder treatments may have the potential to change trajectories of cognitive performance as individuals age. Overall, the symposium will highlight the importance of sleep and activity patterns to brain health and stimulate discussion about improving sleep and circadian disruption as a target for dementia prevention efforts.
CROSS-SECTIONAL AND LONGITUDINAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN REST-ACTIVITY RHYTHMS AND INFLAMMATION IN OLDER MEN
Authors: Qian Xiao , Xiao Qian , Evans Daniel S , Redline Susan , Lane Nancy , Ancoli-Israel Sonia , Stone Katie S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sleep disturbances and physical inactivity have been associated with chronic inflammation, an important risk factor for cognitive decline in the aging population. However most previous studies focused on the cross-sectional relationships between sleep and physical activity and inflammation. In the Outcomes of Sleep Disorders in Older Men (MrOS Sleep) study, we studied both the cross-sectional and prospective associations between characteristics of 24-hour rest-activity rhythms measured by actigraphy and inflammation index measured by multiple circulating markers. In cross-sectional analysis, a lower amplitude is associated with elevated inflammation (Odds ratio Q4 vs Q1 (95% Confidence interval): 1.65 (1.22, 2.24)). In prospective analysis, an earlier acrophase (&lt;12:30) is associated with a two-fold increase in the risk of developing elevated inflammation over four years of follow up (2.08 (1.02, 4.23)). No individual inflammatory markers are associated with rest-activity rhythms. Our findings suggest that rest-activity rhythm characteristics predicts elevated inflammation.
COGNITIVE TRAJECTORIES BEFORE AND AFTER SLEEP TREATMENT INITIATION IN U.S. OLDER ADULTS WITH SLEEP DISTURBANCE
Authors: Kaufmann Christopher N , Bondi Mark W , Murphy James D , Tu Xin , Moore Alison A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sleep disturbances are associated with cognitive decline but it is not clear if initiation of sleep treatments mitigates decline. We used the 2006-2014 Health and Retirement Study. At each wave, participants were administered cognitive assessments and scores were summed (values=0-35; higher=better cognition). All participants also reported if, in the past two weeks, they had taken medications or used other treatments to improve sleep. Our sample (N=4,650) included individuals who at baseline were cognitively normal and untreated for sleep, and at any wave reported some sleep disturbance. We characterized cognitive performance over study period with comparisons before and after sleep treatment initiation. Between 2006-2014, participants exhibited declines in cognitive performance (B=-2.40; 95% CI=-2.73, -2.06; p&lt;0.001) after controlling for confounders. Following sleep treatment, cognitive decline became less pronounced (interaction B=0.94; 95% CI=0.21, 1.67; p=0.013). Results suggest that in older adults with sleep disturbance, initiation of sleep treatment may slow cognitive decline.
EVALUATING THE ENGAGING OLDER ADULT LEARNERS AS HEALTH RESEARCHERS PROJECT I
Authors: Kondolf Kate , Duckles Joyce , Seshadri sandhya , Jackson Phyllis , Sellers Craig , Young Doreen , Moses George , Sörensen Silvia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We discuss the evaluation of the Engaging Older Adult Learners as Health Researchers (ENGOAL), a program designed to educate older adults from underserved and underresourced communities about geriatric health and research methods, enabling them to become Research Partners. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected for evaluation from 21 participants aged 53-79. We used All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale (AAHLS, King’s College, London) and an adaptation of Stanford Patient Education Research Center Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale to assess pre-post and follow-up changes, using repeated measures analyses. Results suggest notable increases in self-efficacy, but only small improvements in subjective health literacy. Themes identified through qualitative analysis of interviews with participants included: (1) Finding our Voices (2) Race and Health (3) Faith and Health (4) Communicating with Providers and (5) Sharing and Advocacy. Emerging community leadership of participants are further evidence of confidence gains in our participants.
THE ROLE OF HEALTH LITERACY ON PROCESS AND OUTCOMES OF A DIABETES SELF-HELP INTERVENTION WITH KOREAN AMERICANS
Authors: Kim Miyong T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explicate the underlying mechanisms of the role of health literacy (HL) in diabetes management process involving a group of Korean Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). We used data from a randomized clinical trial of an HL-focused diabetes self-management intervention (n = 250). A series of path analyses identified the level of self-efficacy and self-care skills as a significant mediator between HL and glucose control (HbA1C) and quality of life for the target population. In addition, education and acculturation were revealed as the most significant correlates of HL for this new immigrant group. Despite inconsistent empirical findings regarding the statistically significant effect of HL on glucose control, this study confirmed the apriority hypothesis that HL indirectly influences health outcome through mediators such self-care skills as self-efficacy. This study highlighted the importance of HL in chronic disease management for people with limited HL.
MOBILE APP INTERVENTION TO PROMOTE BREAST CANCER SCREENING IN OLDER KOREAN AMERICAN WOMEN
Authors: Lee Hee Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To promote breast cancer screening behavior in older Korean American women, a mobile phone multimedia messaging intervention (mMammogram) was developed. The current study explored how the mMammogram intervention can be applied and improved for wide dissemination and implementation in other older racial/ethnic immigrant populations. Three focus groups were conducted with 14 older Korean American women who completed the mMammogram. Three themes emerged: (1) emphasis on knowledge improvement (understanding of breast cancer screening); (2) assistance of bilingual health navigators to promote mammography (e.g., setting up appointment and transportation); and (3) consideration of technology literacy (e.g., training for use of smartphone and connectivity issues). Mobile app intervention combined with bilingual health navigation services can be an acceptable and effective intervention medium to promote mammogram, which will bring about a positive change in women’s health screening behavior, especially for newly arrived immigrant populations.
ATTITUDES TOWARD AND PREFERENCE FOR ADVANCE CARE PLANNING AMONG OLDER KOREAN AMERICANS
Authors: Hong Michin , Noh Hyunjun , Kim Kyeongmo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Advance care planning (ACP), referring to a decision-making process for end-of-life (EOL) care in advance, is critical in ensuring satisfaction with care and quality of life among patients and caregivers at the EOL. However, Korean Americans consistently report lower levels of ACP engagement compared to whites, indicating their potential vulnerability at the EOL. To gain insight into strategies to address the disparity, this qualitative study explored attitudes toward and preference for ACP among older Korean Americans. We conducted three focus group interviews with 31 older Korean Americans. Through iterative data analysis process, four themes emerged: 1) moderate levels of awareness of and prior experiences with ACP: 2) favorable attitudes toward ACP, while concerned about non-compliance by children: 3) preference for natural dying without life prolonging treatments and pain: and 4) preference for physician-initiated ACP. Our findings suggest the necessity of culturally tailored approaches to promote ACP for this population.