bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of haemoadsorption combined with continuous renal replacement therapy in patients with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Xiaochun , Yang Yingying , Li Peiyun , Wang Fang , Zhang Ling , Fu Ping 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Clearance of circulating myoglobin is crucial to prevent further damage in patients with rhabdomyolysis (RM) and acute kidney injury (AKI). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of haemoadsorption (HA) combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in critically ill patients with RM and AKI.

Methods
Patients with RM and AKI who received CRRT + HA or CRRT with concomitant creatine kinase (CK) &gt;10 000 IU/l in our intensive care unit (ICU) between May 2021 and December 2023 were retrospectively included. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality; secondary outcomes were kidney function recovery and CK decline rate. Adverse events were also evaluated, including hypotension, circuit clotting, albumin leakage and blood loss. Propensity score matching and Cox retrospective analysis were performed.

Results
A total of 111 RM patients with AKI were ultimately included. The ICU and in-hospital mortality were significantly lower in the CRRT + HA group compared with the CRRT group (ICU mortality: 18% versus 42%, P = .025; in-hospital mortality: 21% versus 42%, P = .048). However, the CRRT + HA group only showed a non-significant reduction in 90-day mortality compared with the CRRT group (47% versus 68%, P = .063). After treatment for 90 days, the number of patients with kidney function recovery was not significantly different between the CRRT + HA and CRRT groups (95% versus 84%, P = .639). Moreover, the incidence of hypotension and circuit clotting events did not increase during CRRT + HA treatment. In addition, the CRRT + HA group also appeared to have a higher rate of CK reduction and reduction of CK than the CRRT group at 24 and 48 hours after the initiation of CRRT. A multivariate Cox regression model demonstrated that CRRT + HA {hazard ratio [HR] 0.477 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.234–0.972], P = .042}, mean arterial blood pressure [per 1 mmHg; HR 0.967 (95% CI 0.943–0.992), P = .009] and CRRT treatment duration [per 1 h; HR 0.995 (95% CI 0.992–0.998), P = .002] played a favourably important role in the survival prognosis of RM and AKI patients. In contrast, serum phosphate before RRT [per 1 mmol/l; HR 1.531 (95% CI 1.113–2.106), P = .009] and McMahon score [per 1 score; HR 1.15 (95% CI 1.006–1.313), P = .04] were independent risk factors for 90-day mortality.

Conclusions
CRRT combined with HA therapy reduced ICU and in-hospital mortality in patients with RM and AKI and also had a cleansing effect on creatine kinase without significant adverse events.
Hungry for antiquity: Zbigniew Herbert and reception as ingestion
Authors: Leszczyk Marianna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines the travel writing of the Polish poet Zbigniew Herbert (1924–98) through a reception-theoretical lens, identifying a pattern of representing contact with antiquity as food consumption in the travelogues Barbarian in the Garden (1962) and Labyrinth on the Sea (1973/2000). While closely situating this prandial language within the changing cultural discourses of consumption in socialist Poland, I argue for Herbert’s construction of a more widely applicable model of reception as ingestion that speaks to current debates on distance, temporality, and affective relations to the past. By rooting this reception model in Herbert’s lived experiences of post-war precarity, hunger, and the connection between food scarcity and economies of violence, as well as by linking it to his practice of ‘devouring’ knowledge about antiquity through intense research in Western libraries, I also highlight the centrality of embodied experience for seemingly abstract theory-making in reception studies and beyond.
The current state of the multidisciplinary heart team approach: a systematic review
Authors: Arjomandi Rad Arian , Streukens Sebastian , Vainer Jindra , Athanasiou Thanos , Maessen Jos , Sardari Nia Peyman 
Published: December 2024

Summary
The heart team (HT) approach, recommended for managing cardiovascular diseases, emphasizes multidisciplinary collaboration. Despite its potential benefits, evidence on its effectiveness and implementation is varied and sparse. This review assesses the HT approach’s impact on patient outcomes and care delivery in cardiovascular care. A systematic review was conducted across MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane and Google Scholar up to July 2023, focusing on studies that implemented an HT approach in coronary and heart valve disease management. Exclusion criteria included non-human studies, case reports and studies not focusing on HT outcomes. From 6270 identified articles, 20 met the inclusion criteria. These studies demonstrated significant variability in HT composition and organization, coupled with a lack of standardized metrics for evaluating clinical outcomes and the impact of the HT. Significant variability was observed in HT composition, with 13 of the 20 studies did not utilize structured templates, those that did demonstrated more consistent decision-making. In mitral valve interventions, HTs were linked to reduced in-hospital mortality and improved long-term survival (5-year survival probability of 0.74 vs 0.70, P = 0.04). In aortic valve interventions, 80% of patients underwent tailored valve procedures following HT evaluation. The HT approach in cardiovascular care demonstrates improved patient outcomes, particularly in specialized interventions for mitral and aortic valve diseases and coronary artery disease management. Despite these positive findings, the variability in HT implementation and the need for standardized outcome metrics call for further advances to optimize this collaborative care model.
Women in cardiac surgery: a global workforce analysis
Authors: Izumi Aliya , Lee Grace , Gomes Zoya , Ouzounian Maral , Adinku Penelope , Montes Lorena , Vervoort Dominique 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Cardiac surgery remains one of the most gender-imbalanced surgical specialties. Women constitute 6–11% of the North American workforce, while other regional data are scarce. Despite the acknowledged under-representation of women in cardiac surgery globally and evidence that surgeon–patient gender concordance enhances postoperative outcomes, precise figures remain poorly defined. Herein, we provide the 1st global quantification of women cardiac surgeons (WCS) and explore correlates of workforce diversity.

METHODS
The Cardiothoracic Surgery Network database was queried for cardiac surgeons within each country and cross-validated with external sources. Profile pronouns and the genderize.io application determined surgeon sex. Data were stratified by country, geographical region and national income group, and correlation analyses with socioeconomic and gender parity metrics were performed.

RESULTS
Women constitute 8.0% (1178/14 651) of the international cardiac surgical workforce, with a median of 0.00 WCS per million women (interquartile range: 0.00–0.09). North America (11.4%) and Europe (10.3%) lead regional representation, while East Asia (2.9%) and the Middle East (1.7%) rank lowest. High-income countries (9.9%) have double the proportion of WCS as low- and middle-income countries (4.8%), with a notable absence among low-income countries. Female representation correlates with Gross National Income per capita (τ = 0.39), the Global Gender Gap Index (τ = 0.26) and health expenditure (τ = 0.26).

CONCLUSIONS
Improving female representation in cardiac surgery is essential to advancing social justice and overall patient care. Yet, WCS remain a minority worldwide, with the most pronounced disparities in low- and middle-income countries and regions with low Gross National Income, Global Gender Gap Index and health expenditure. Confronting these inequities will require targeted mentorship efforts and addressing country-specific entry barriers, necessitating further research into the unique factors influencing women in low- and middle-income countries.
The Andes are a driver of physiological diversity in Anolis lizards
Authors: Salazar Jhan C , Londoño Gustavo A , Muñoz Martha M , Miles Donald B , Castañeda María del Rosario 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Andes, with its diverse topography and climate, is a renowned cradle for adaptive radiation, particularly for vertebrate ectotherms such as lizards. Yet, the role of temperature in promoting physiological specialization in the Andes remains unclear. Aseasonality in the tropics should favour physiological specialization across elevation in lizards, but empirical data are limited and equivocal. Determining how thermal tolerances are geographically and phylogenetically structured is therefore a priority, particularly as environments continue to change rapidly. However, there is a gap in our knowledge of thermal limits of species from the Andes, one of the planet’s most biodiverse regions. Anoles, a diverse lizard group found across thousands of metres of elevation in the Andes, can offer insights into evolutionary adaptations to temperature. This study focused on 14 anole species from two clades (Dactyloa and Draconura) that independently diversified along elevational gradients in the Andes. We measured critical thermal limits (CTmin and CTmax) and found patterns of thermal tolerance specialization across elevation, both among and within species. Patterns of thermal specialization are similar among anole clades, indicating parallel responses to similar environmental pressures. Specifically, high-elevation anoles are more cold tolerant and less heat tolerant than their low-elevation counterparts, rendering thermal tolerance breadths stable across elevation (thermal specialization). Evolutionary rates of physiological traits were similar, reflecting parallel specialization in heat and cold tolerance across elevation. The adaptive radiation of anole lizards reflects physiological specialization across elevation, and the endemism such specialization favours, probably catalysed their remarkable diversity in the tropical Andes.
Mexican Health and Aging Study Biomarker and Genetic Data Profile
Authors: Samper-Ternent Rafael , Zazueta-Borboa Jesús Daniel , Michaels-Obregon Alejandra , Reyes-Dumeyer Dolly , Barral Sandra , Tosto Giuseppe , Wong Rebeca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) is one of the largest ongoing longitudinal studies of aging in Latin America, with six waves over 20 years. MHAS includes sociodemographic, economic, and health data from a nationally representative sample of adults 50 years and older in urban and rural Mexico. MHAS is designed to study the impact of diseases on adults’ health, function, and mortality. As Mexico is experiencing rapid population aging, providing adequate information to study this phenomenon is vital for designing and implementing public policies. The availability of biomarker and genetic data and longitudinal survey data elevates opportunities for research on aging in a low–middle-income country. This manuscript describes the profile of biomarkers and genetic data available in the MHAS study, including sample sizes and sociodemographic characteristics of participants who provided biospecimens for biomarker analyses, emphasizing recent genetic data. The sample size of individuals with anthropometric biomarkers was 2 707 (Wave 1—2001), 2 361 (Wave 2—2003), 2 086 (Wave 3—2012), and 2 051 (2016). Capillary blood samples were collected from 2 063 participants in 2012 (Wave 3) and 1 141 in 2016. Venous blood samples for blood-based biomarkers were collected from 2 003 participants in 2012 (Wave 3) and 752 in 2016. Venous blood samples were also collected for genetic data from 2 010 participants in 2012 (Wave 3) and 750 in 2016. A total of 7 821 participants provided saliva in 2018, and 2 671 provided hair in 2018. From these samples, a total of 7 204 have genome-wide genetic data, 8 600 have apolipoprotein-E genotype data, and 7 156 have genetic ancestry data.
Longitudinal Decline of Exercise Capacity in Male and Female Mice
Authors: Pajski Megan L , Maroto Rosario , Byrd Chris , Graber Ted G 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The population of older adults is exponentially expanding. Alongside aging comes the onset of chronic disease, decline of functional capacity, and reduced quality of life. Thus, this population increase will stress the capacity and financial viability of health and long-term care systems. Developing preclinical models for age-related functional decline is imperative to advancing therapies that extend healthspan and prolong independence. Previously in a cross-sectional study, we established a powerful composite scoring system we termed CFAB (Comprehensive Functional Assessment Battery). CFAB measures physical function and exercise capacity using well-validated determinants to measure overall motor function, fore-limb strength, four-limb strength/endurance, aerobic capacity, and volitional exercise/activity rate. In the current work, we used CFAB to track cohorts of male and female C57BL/6 mice over the lifespan (measuring CFAB at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 28 months of age). Overall, we found statistically significantly declining function as the mice aged, with some differences between males and females in trajectory and slope. We also determined that body mass changes presented differently between sexes, and tracked body composition (fat percentage, using magnetic resonance imagery) in females. In a subset of mice, we tracked in vivo contractile physiology noting declines in plantar flexor maximum isometric torque. In summary, our data suggest that males and females declined at different rates. We confirmed the efficacy of CFAB to track longitudinal changes in exercise capacity and physical fitness in both males and females, further validating the system to track age-related functional decline.
Supporting older people experiencing homelessness and memory problems in hostels: Learning from an ethnographic study
Authors: Rapaport Penny , Livingston Gill , Manthorpe Jill , Shulman Caroline , Kidd Garrett , Mason Ava , Knapp Martin , Gaber Sophie Nadia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Older people with memory problems living in temporary hostel accommodation have longer stays and higher care needs than those without memory problems. In this ethnographic study, we aimed to elucidate how staff currently support older hostel residents with memory problems, what contextual factors determine support given and, what facilitates positive and meaningful outcomes for staff and residents.

Research Design and Methods
We conducted interviews and participant observations with older people (≥50 years) experiencing memory problems and homelessness (interviews n=17, observations n=13), hostel staff and managers (interviews n=15, observations n=20) from seven residential facilities (six hostels and one care home), and health and social care practitioners (interviews n=17, observations n=7), from September 2021-December 2022 in London, England. We analyzed thematically from a critical realist position.

Results
We identified four overarching themes: (1) Compensatory strategies and routines, (2) hostels are not homes, (3) meeting challenging interactions with compassion, and (4) facilitating opportunities for meaningful interactions. Social interactions for people with memory problems were restricted and, although sheltered by living in hostels, this did not equate to safety or provide opportunities for positive interactions.

Discussion and Implications
Staff worked hard to connect with older residents with memory problems, in resource and time-poor contexts, often left to provide care beyond their roles in contexts of unmet need. Our ethnographic account has informed co-design of a support intervention for hostel staff working with older people with memory problems, alongside recommendations for policy and practice.
Strategies to improve research participation by older people with cognitive impairment: a systematic review
Authors: Swan Lucinda , Kochovska Slavica , Ries Nola , Gilmore Imelda , Parker Deborah , Sinclair Craig , Sheehan Caitlin , Collier Aileen , Lobb Elizabeth , Sheahan Linda , Brown Linda , Chapman Michael , Lee Wei , Amgarth-Duff Ingrid , To Timothy , Agar Meera R , Hosie Annmarie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Older people with cognitive impairment are unrepresented in clinical research. Our objective was to review evidence for strategies to support their research inclusion and participation.

Research Design and Methods
Systematic review of published reports of inclusion and participation strategies for older people with cognitive impairment in clinical research (PROSPERO CRD42020212092). Five databases were searched September 2020, March 2023 and April 2024. Screening, full text review and data extraction were independently performed. Risk of bias was assessed using Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Methodology Checklists. Outcomes were participant characteristics, recruitment and consent processes, retention, experience, involvement of others, adverse events, and other reported outcomes.

Results
Of 4564 identified sources, 12 studies were included. Nine compared recruitment strategies; three examined consent processes. Of 4,208 participants (mean age 78.3 years), 61% were female. Median (interquartile range) monthly recruitment rate was 10.3 (5.6-14.8). Participants had mild cognitive impairment, dementia and/or delirium and two-thirds of studies involved proxies or study partners. Community outreach or population screening had higher recruitment compared to primary care referral and/or screening. Formal capacity and consent methods achieved lower rates of consent compared to informal. A memory and organisational aid increased participants’ ability to provide informed consent compared to standard assessment. Few studies reported participants’ or recruiters’ subjective experience, and no studies reported participant retention or adverse events.

Discussion and Implications
Targeted, tailored and multi-pronged recruitment and consent strategies to support inclusion of older people with cognitive impairment appear promising. Higher quality studies are needed to confirm this finding.
How Do Researchers Identify and Recruit Dementia Caregivers? A Scoping Review
Authors: Kashyap Bhavani , Crouse Bethany , Fields Beth , Aguirre Alyssa , Ali Talha , Hays Rachel , Li Xiaojuan , Shapiro Lily N , Tao Meng-Hua , Vaughn Ivana A , Hanson Leah R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Studies involving dementia caregivers are essential to transform care and inform new policies. However, identifying and recruiting this population for research is an ongoing challenge. This scoping review aimed to capture the current methodology for identifying and recruiting dementia caregivers in clinical studies. A focus was placed on methods for underrepresented populations and pragmatic trials to guide pragmatic and equitable clinical studies.

Research Design and Methods
Researchers conducted a literature search using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. Studies conducted in the US that enrolled at least 10 caregivers and were published within the last 10 years (2013–2023) were included.

Results
Overall, 148 articles were included in the review. The most common method for identification was community outreach, and paper advertisements for recruitment. Caregivers were most often approached in community settings, formal organizations, and/or dementia research centers. Most enrolled caregivers were female, White, and spouses of persons living with dementia. Race and ethnicity were underreported, as were the target recruitment goals. Limited studies were self-reported as pragmatic. Additionally, limited studies reported adaptations for methods of identification and recruitment in underrepresented populations.

Discussion and Implications
We identified gaps in current practices for the identification and recruitment of dementia caregivers. Future identification and recruitment methodologies should be tailored to the intervention’s intent, health care setting, and the research questions that need to be answered, while balancing available resources. Additionally, transparent reporting of identification and recruitment procedures, target recruitment goals, and comprehensive demographic data is warranted.
Spatio-temporal variability among loggerhead turtle, Caretta caretta, strandings off southern Brazil
Authors: da Fonseca Gabriel Fraga , Broadhurst Matt K , Nunes Tawane Yara , Di Domenico Maikon , Cantor Mauricio , Domit Camila 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Since 2015, Brazilian legislation governing resource extraction in the Santos Basin has required daily monitoring of beaches (∼1490 km) in Rio de Janeiro (RJ), São Paulo (SP), Paraná (PR), and Santa Catarina (SC) for fauna strandings. All stranded specimens are necropsied or rehabilitated. Here, we investigate spatio-temporal variability among 5169 loggerhead turtles, Caretta caretta, stranded between 2015 and 2022, and discuss regional management implications. Weekly stranding rates among states ranged between 0.03 (RJ) and 0.54 (PR) C. caretta 100 km–1 and peaked during winter and spring—coinciding with concentrated regional penaeid-trawl effort. Almost all (99%) stranded C. caretta were dead and had advanced decomposition. Overall, there were biases towards female C. caretta (2:1), that increased during summer, and juveniles (2.2:1) across all states, especially in Paraná—encompassing an ecologically important and World Heritage-listed estuarine complex. Identified anthropogenic impacts among stranded C. caretta were low overall (14%) but biased towards fishing (8%) and greatest during winter and spring. Few (∼4%) C. caretta had ingested plastic or were entangled in marine debris. The data support prioritising the jurisdictional management of impacts across SP, PR, and SC during winter and spring, and in the presence of intensified regional trawling effort.