bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies for Mitigating Sexual Desire Discrepancy in Relationships
Authors: Vowels Laura M. , Mark Kristen P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSexual desire discrepancy, when one member of a couple experiences more or less sexual desire relative to their partner, is among the main reasons for couples to seek therapy. A great deal of prior research has examined the complexity of sexual desire and the role of sexual desire discrepancy in long-term relationships, but little research has specifically examined strategies used to mitigate sexual desire discrepancy when it arises. Thus, the purpose of the present mixed methods study was to identify the strategies that individuals in long-term relationships use during times of desire discrepancy and to address whether the use of specific strategies influenced sexual and relationship satisfaction and sexual desire. We collected data from 229 participants and our thematic content analysis produced 17 strategies, divided into five main groups (disengagement, communication, engagement in activity alone, engagement in other activity with partner, and have sex anyway). Specific strategies were associated with sexual and relationship satisfaction but not with sexual desire. Specifically, partnered strategies were associated with higher levels of sexual and relationship satisfaction compared to individual strategies. Additionally, participants who reported that their strategies were very helpful had higher levels of sexual and relationship satisfaction compared to participants who found them somewhat helpful followed by not at all helpful. These results have implications for clinicians, educators, and researchers and highlight the importance of using effective strategies to deal with desire discrepancy and communicating about them in relationships. The use of effective strategies can have implications for overall couple well-being.
pHLIP(Var7)-P1AP suppresses tumor cell proliferation in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer by targeting protease activated receptor 1
Authors: Yu MingMing , Chen YueHua , Wang ZhenGuang , Ding XiaoDong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) is a signaling protein ubiquitously present on the surface of tumor cells, and its homologous protein fragment, PAR1-activating peptide (P1AP), can inhibit protein signal transduction of PAR1/G in tumor cells. pH (Low) insertion peptide (pHLIP) can target the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) and can be used as an excellent carrier to deliver P1AP to tumor cells for therapeutic purposes.

Methods
PAR1 expression on the surface of MDA-MB-231 cells and human MCF10A mammary epithelial cells was observed. The binding between fluorescent-labeled pHLIP(Var7)-P1AP and MDA-MB-231 cells under different pH values was analyzed. The effect of pHLIP(Var7)-P1AP on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells was analyzed under the conditions of pH 7.4 and 6.0.

Results
PAR1 was highly expressed on the surface of MDA-MB-231 cells. In an acidic environment (pH 6.0 and 5.0), fluorescent-labeled pHLIP(Var7)-P1AP and MDA-MB-231 cells had a high binding ability, and the binding ability increased with the decrease in pH. In an acidic environment (pH 6.0), pHLIP(Var7)-P1AP significantly inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. With 0.5 μg, 1 μg, 2 μg, 4 μg, and 8 μg of pHLIP(Var7)-P1AP, the cell proliferation inhibition rates were 3.39%, 5.27%, 14.29%, 22.14%, and 35.69%, respectively.

Conclusion
PAR1 was highly expressed on the surface of MDA-MB-231 cells. pHLIP(Var7)-P1AP can effectively target MDA-MB-231 cells in an acidic environment and inhibit the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting the signal transduction of PAR1/G protein.
Genetic differentiation in Sichuan jay (Perisoreus internigrans) and its sibling species Siberian jay (P. infaustus)
Authors: Song Kai , Halvarsson Peter , Fang Yun , Barnaby Jonathan , Germogenov Nickolai , Sun Yuehua , Höglund Jacob 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Pleistocene ice age and recent forest fragmentation have both played a significant role in shaping the population genetic variation of boreal coniferous species in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and Eurasian coniferous forests. The Sichuan jay is one of the least know endemic bird species in QTP coniferous forests in western China while its sibling species, the Siberian Jay, is widespread within the coniferous forests in northern Eurasia. Here we used 11 microsatellite markers to assay genetic diversity across 58 Sichuan jay samples from China and 205 Siberian jay samples from Sweden and Russia. Results showed three distinct genetic clusters from the Sichuan jay sampling. Furthermore, the pair-wiseFSTvalues indicated high genetic differentiation not only among the two species but also between Swedish and Russian Siberian jay populations. What is more, a pattern of isolation by distance was found among the analyzed populations. Our study suggests that targeted habitat restoration in fragmented forests and more genetic work is urgently needed for conservation of the Sichuan jay.
Labour Market Trajectories of the Self-employed in the Netherlands
Authors: Beusch Elisabeth , van Soest Arthur 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper employs sequence analysis to study the labour market trajectories of the self-employed. Using Dutch administrative data on more than 50,000 individuals including 13,000 with self-employment experience between 1989 and 2017, we find seven different clusters with distinct life-cycle patterns of several types of self-employment, wage employment, and non-employment. We find large heterogeneity across clusters in terms of income, wealth, and pension accumulation. In particular, the clusters of individuals with short self-employment spells but little labour market attachment in other periods are an economically vulnerable group, whereas those who are persistently self-employed are not worse off than employees.
Can Schools Reduce Adolescent Psychological Stress? A Multilevel Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of School-Based Intervention Programs
Authors: van Loon Amanda W. G. , Creemers Hanneke E. , Beumer Wieke Y. , Okorn Ana , Vogelaar Simone , Saab Nadira , Miers Anne C. , Westenberg P. Michiel , Asscher Jessica J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIncreased levels of psychological stress during adolescence have been associated with a decline in academic performance, school dropout and increased risk of mental health problems. Intervening during this developmental period may prevent these problems. The school environment seems particularly suitable for interventions and over the past decade, various school-based stress reduction programs have been developed. The present study aims to evaluate the results of (quasi-)experimental studies on the effectiveness of school-based intervention programs targeting adolescent psychological stress and to investigate moderators of effectiveness. A three-level random effects meta-analytic model was conducted. The search resulted in the inclusion ofk = 54 studies, reporting on analyses in 61 independent samples, yielding 123 effect sizes (N = 16,475 individuals). The results indicated a moderate overall effect on psychological stress. Yet, significant effects were only found in selected student samples. School-based intervention programs targeting selected adolescents have the potential to reduce psychological stress. Recommendations for practice, policy and future research are discussed.
Holistic Development of Thermoelectric Generators for Automotive Applications
Authors: Kober Martin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOne of the major challenges of the future automotive development is to achieve the required reductions of the CO2emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate all potential technologies for efficiency improvement. In a combustion engine, about 2/3 of the chemical energy of the fuel is dissipated as waste heat. Due to its high temperature level, the waste heat in the exhaust gas is very promising for the technology of thermoelectric generators (TEG). In this work the methodology for a holistic TEG optimization for automotive vehicle applications will be presented. Thereby, all system interactions between the vehicle and the TEG are modelled and the CO2reduction can be optimized within the vehicle system. Moreover the costs are calculated for each TEG design, and the method realizes an optimization of the cost–benefit ratio in a direct way. The optimization method is applied with a highly integrated TEG design, which has been developed to be compact and lightweight. Through the combination of improvements in TEG design and system optimization, a gravimetric power density of 267 W/kg and a volumetric power density of 478 W/dm^3 could be achieved. These power densities are about 900% and 700%, respectively, higher than the state of the art. The optimization method was applied exemplarily to a conventional vehicle (Volkswagen Golf VII) and a hybrid vehicle (Opel Ampera/Chevrolet Volt). As a result, reductions in consumption and CO2emissions of up to 2.2% for the conventional and 3.4% for the hybrid vehicle could be achieved within the worldwide harmonized light duty driving test cycle. The cost–benefit optimum is 81.3 €/(g/km) for the conventional vehicle and 54.8 €/(g/km) for the hybrid vehicle in charge sustaining mode.
Geochemistry, petrology, and palynology of the Princess No. 3 coal, Greenup County, Kentucky
Authors: Hood Madison M. , Eble Cortland F. , Hower James C. , Dai Shifeng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe high volatile C bituminous-rank, Bolsovian-age Princess No. 3 coal, a correlative of the heavily-mined Hazard No. 7 coal and the Peach Orchard and Coalburg Lower Split coals, was investigated three sites at a mine in Greenup County, Kentucky. The coal exhibits a “dulling upwards” trend, with decreasing vitrinite and a greater tendency towards dull clarain and bone lithotypes towards the top of the coal. The relatively vitrinite-rich basal lithotype is marked by a dominance of lycopod tree spores. The palynology transitions upwards to a middle parting co-dominated by tree fern and small lycopod spores and an upper bench dominated by tree ferns with contributions from small ferns, cordaites, and calamites. The lithotypes generally have a moderate- to high-S content with a variable ash yield. Sulfur, Fe2O3, and certain siderophile elements are highest near the top of the coal. As observed in other coals, uranium and Ge are enriched at the top and bottom margins of the coal. The rare earth chemistry at the top of the coal has a significantly lighter distribution (higher LREE/HREE) than at the base of the coal.
From Individual Graphite Assignment to an Improved Digital Image Analysis of Ductile Iron
Authors: Friess J. , Sonntag U. , Steller I. , Bührig-Polaczek A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSince graphite classification by visual analysis exhibits large variations, a more integrative concept of graphite shape classification is required to evaluate the correlations of process, microstructure and properties, and to fulfill customers’ requirements. The automatic digital image analysis is partly based on visual analysis, but it is not thoroughly defined for graphite shape classification. For example, nodules and thereby nodularity are only defined by the shape parameter roundness, although several studies suggest more sophisticated approaches. Within the first of three successive round robin tests, visual assignment for a variety of graphite particles was performed to obtain a universal digital data set of classified graphite particles. For this, the classification approach from standard EN ISO 945-1 was used and extended with degenerated graphite. The assigned particles were evaluated concerning different shape parameters showing that roundness and the assigned minimum limit value of 0.6 are not sufficient to distinguish nodules from less ideal graphite particle shapes. Furthermore, the current classification approach does not represent the full spectrum of graphite morphologies and needs to be extended. The development of a universal hierarchical classification method for nodules and other graphite shapes has been initiated, and the results will contribute to an improved image analysis standard for ductile iron, particularly ISO 945-4.
Pain Is Inevitable But Suffering Is Optional: Relationship of Pain Coping Strategies to Performance in Multistage Ultramarathon Runners
Authors: Alschuler Kevin N. , Krabak Brian J. , Kratz Anna L. , Jensen Mark P. , Pomeranz Dave , Burns Patrick , Bautz Joshua , Nordeen Claire , Irwin Crystal , Lipman Grant S. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction Ultramarathon runners commonly endure musculoskeletal pain during endurance events. However, the effect of pain coping skills on performance has not been examined. Methods A prospective observational study during three 250 km (155 mi), 6 stage ultramarathons was conducted. Finish line surveys were completed after each of the four 40 km (25 mi) and one 80 km (50 mi) stages of racing. Variables gathered included pain intensity, pain coping strategy use, pain interference, finishing position (quintile), and successful race completion. Results A total of 204 participants (age 41.4±10.3 y; 73% male) reported average pain intensity of 3.9 (±2.0 SD) and worst pain intensity of 5.3 (±2.3) on a 0 to 10 scale. They used greater adaptive pain coping strategies (3.0±1.3) relative to maladaptive strategies (1.3±1.1). Worst pain and pain interference increased over each stage of the race for all runners ( P<0.001), with worst pain being significantly different by finishing status ( P=0.02). Although all runners endured increased pain and interference, the nonfinishers (28 [14%]) had significantly greater differences in changes in pain intensity ( P<0.01) and pain interference ( P<0.001). Maladaptive pain coping strategies were more common in nonfinishers; with each 1-point increase (0–6 scale), there was a 3 times increase in odds of not finishing the race. Conclusions Although increased pain intensity and pain interference was found in all multistage ultramarathon runners, successful event completion was significantly associated with less maladaptive pain coping. Training in coping with pain may be a beneficial part of ultramarathon preparation.
Geographic and ontogenetic variations in parasite communities of intertidal fish species from the south-eastern Pacific coast
Authors: Leiva N.V. , Muñoz G. , González M.T. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParasite composition can be affected by physiological and ecological changes during host ontogeny. Intertidal fish do not travel long distances and live in the same area throughout their lifetimes, meaning that parasite communities can differ across geographic ranges. The objective of this study was to analyse the parasite communities of three fish species (Hypsoblennius sordidus,Helcogrammoides cunninghamiandScartichthys viridis) collected from the Chilean coast. The composition of parasite species was compared among host ontogenetic stages (larvae, juveniles and mature fish) and geographic areas. A total of 184 larval, 252 juveniles and 217 mature individuals were collected in the northern area (c.24°S), and 186 larval, 192 juveniles and 112 mature individuals from the central area (c. 33°S). Ectoparasites were most prevalent in fish from the central area, whereas endoparasites were most prevalent in the northern area. The parasite species richness varied significantly between geographical areas forH. sordidusandH. cunninghami, but the parasite composition varied significantly between geographical areas for all fish species analysed. Therefore, the geographical area was the most important factor determining the parasite composition of intertidal fish species. The absence of endoparasites in fish larvae and the increased infestation in juvenile and mature fish may be explained by the shift in habitat from the water column to intertidal pools where prey abundance and availability are higher. On the other hand, hydrographic barriers affecting prey distributions may also offer an explanation as to the differences in parasite composition.
Interactive Effects of Quality of Life and Related Factors on Alcohol Use Outcomes
Authors: Santora Lidia , Byrne Don , Klöckner Christian , Espnes Geir Arild 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThis investigation derives its impetus from public health concerns around detecting, mitigating, and preventing the deleterious effects that alcohol use can cause particularly in advanced age. We aim to complement gerontological research by exploring the interactive effects of quality of life and related factors on alcohol use outcomes assessed by the Drinking Problem Index. The study is based on cross-sectional data collected from questionnaires mailed to a randomly drawn sample of 6,000 Norwegian adults aged 62 and older (participation rate: 32%). According to the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) analysis, constellations of interactive factors emerged differently for women and men, and, between non-problem and problem drinkers. For women, drinking outcomes were related to intra-psychic functioning, and for men, to physical health and social situation. An ongoing quality-of-life assessment may be very important in the comprehensive assistance provided to those older people who are vulnerable to undergoing alcohol-related harms.
Improving inclusion and exclusion criteria in foodborne illness outbreak investigations: a case study
Authors: Firestone M. J. , Lee P. , Hedberg C. W. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The practice of foodborne illness outbreak investigations has evolved, shifting away from large-scale community case-control studies towards more focused case exposure assessments and sub-cluster investigations to identify contaminated food sources. Criteria to include or exclude cases are established to increase the efficiency of epidemiological analyses and traceback activities, but these criteria can also affect the investigator's ability to implicate a suspected food vehicle. A 2010 outbreak of Salmonella ser. Hvittingfoss infections associated with a chain of quick-service restaurants (Chain A) provided a useful case study on the impact of exclusion criteria on the ability to identify a food vehicle. In the original investigation, a case-control study of restaurant-associated cases and well meal companions was conducted at the ingredient level to identify a suspected food vehicle; however, 21% of cases and 22% of well meal companions were excluded for eating at Chain A restaurants more than once during the outbreak. The objective of this study was to explore how this decision affected the results of the outbreak investigation.
Indirectly Measured Ambient Electric Fields for Lightning Initiation in Fast Breakdown Regions
Authors: Cummer Steven A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe report a new approach to measure indirectly the ambient thunderstorm electric fields in fast positive breakdown regions. For a given geometry of the discharged fast breakdown region, we show that there is a minimum ambient electric field required to produce a given charge moment change. We apply this approach to the fast breakdown measurements for two events reported by Rison et al. (2016, https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10721) and find that the average ambient electric field in the discharged region is at least
V/m at the 9.5 km initiation altitude of these events. This electric field is close to the runaway electron avalanche electric field and to the critical field for positive streamer propagation. These measurements provide a meaningful starting point for more detailed analyses or simulations of what occurs inside the fast breakdown process that is responsible for the initiation of at least some lightning discharges.
Evolution of Denmark Strait Overflow Cyclones and Their Relationship to Overflow Surges
Authors: Almansi M. , Haine T. W. N. , Gelderloos R. , Pickart R. S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMesoscale features present at the Denmark Strait sill regularly enhance the volume transport of the Denmark Strait overflow (DSO). They are important for the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and ultimately, for the global climate system. Using a realistic numerical model, we find new evidence of the causal relationship between overflow surges (i.e., mesoscale features associated with high‐transport events) and DSO cyclones observed downstream. Most of the cyclones form at the Denmark Strait sill during overflow surges and, because of potential vorticity conservation and stretching of the water column, grow as they move equatorward. A fraction of the cyclones form downstream of the sill, when anticyclonic vortices formed during high‐transport events start collapsing. Regardless of their formation mechanism, DSO cyclones weaken starting roughly 150 km downstream of the sill, and potential vorticity is only materially conserved during the growth phase.
Event Studies of High‐Latitude FACs With Inverse and Assimilative Analysis of AMPERE Magnetometer Data
Authors: Shi Yining , Knipp Delores J. , Matsuo Tomoko , Kilcommons Liam , Anderson Brian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present examples of high‐latitude field‐aligned current (FAC) and toroidal magnetic potential patterns in both hemispheres reconstructed at a 2‐min cadence using an updated optimal interpolation (OI) method that ingests magnetic perturbation data provided by the Active Magnetosphere and Planetary Electrodynamics Response Experiment (AMPERE) program. A solstice and an equinoctial event are studied to demonstrate the reconstructed patterns and to provide scientific insights into FAC response to different solar wind drivers. For the 14 June 2011 high‐speed stream event with mostly northward Bz driving, we found persistently stronger FACs in the Northern Hemisphere. Extreme interhemispheric asymmetry is associated with the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) direction and large dipole tilt, consistent with earlier studies. FAC asymmetries seen during an isolated substorm can be attributed to dipole tilt. During relatively low geomagnetic activity, the FAC response to IMF Bx changes is identified. For the 17–18 March 2013 period, we provide global snapshots of rapid FAC changes related to an interplanetary shock passage. We further present comparisons between instantaneous and mean behaviors of FAC for the solar wind sheath passage and interplanetary coronal mass ejection southward Bz interval and northward Bz intervals. We show that (1) sheath passage results in strong FAC and high variation in the dayside polar cap region and pre‐midnight region, different from the typical R1/R2 currents during prolonged southward Bz; (2) four‐cell reverse patterns appear during northward Bz but are not stable; and (3) persistent dawn‐dusk asymmetry is seen throughout the storm, especially during an extreme substorm, likely associated with a dawnside current wedge.