bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ouverture de ‘CSR and Multi-Stakeholder Management’
Authors: Brondoni Silvio M. , Bosetti Luisa , Civera Chiara 
Published: January 2020

For a long time, boardroom decision-making focused almost exclusively on economic expectations of major shareholders. During the last thirty years, this approach to corporate governance progressively changed and now responsible companies strive to meet all relevant stakeholders’ expectations, and this requires acknowledging the close links among economic, social and environmental performance for the creation of shared value and lasting prosperity. More and more, in the ‘oversize economy’, robust corporate governance is based on the awareness that long-term value creation for shareholders cannot exist without a multi-stakeholder management approach. On the contrary, multistakeholder satisfaction generates positive effects on the relationships with employees, customers, suppliers and financiers.
Incorporating Political Engagement in General Education: An Examination of the Effects of Participation in a Political Research Action Project on Students' Perceived Relevance, Efficacy, Political Understanding, and Political Engagement Skills
Authors: Woolard Chad Everett , Hunt Stephen K. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The political disengagement of youth in this country is a serious concern for those in higher education. Although many initiatives have been launched in recent years to address this situation, many have missed the opportunity to equip students with the political skills necessary for meaningful participation in our democracy. This article details the results of a study designed to assess the effects of participation in a Social Issues Fair (SIF) on students' perceived relevance of the SIF, individual efficacy, political understanding, political deliberation skills, and strategic action skills. In addition, the study sought to explore differences in the dependent variables by participant sex. Findings demonstrated no significant differences between presenters and audience members who participated in the SIF; however, there were significant differences by sex. Specifically, women in the sample reported significantly higher means on the relevance, efficacy, and political deliberation skills measures. Finally, significant, positive correlations were found between perceived relevance of participation in the SIF and all of the political engagement learning outcomes. Overall, findings indicate that the pedagogy of political engagement can play a vital role in general education programs as a means of educating students for democracy.
Practicing What We Teach and Teaching What We Practice: A Town Hall Model as Curricular Component and Tool for Curricular Reform
Authors: Sarch Amy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Issues in society such as immigration and racial inequality threaten to derail classroom discussions. Likewise, issues in higher education such as general education (GE) reform threaten to obstruct faculty committee discussions. We want students to engage in classroom discussions through a comprehensive exploration of issues, ideas, and events before accepting or formulating opinions or conclusions. How can we expect this of students if we cannot expect this of ourselves? Shenandoah University (SU) adapted California State University-Chico's Town Hall Public Sphere Pedagogy model to incorporate role play and deliberative dialogue into its GE reform discussions and then adapted the model further to become a signature program in its revised GE curriculum. SU Town Hall classes require students to explore a social issue from the lens of their GE class and share that informed perspective with peers, faculty, and community consultants at a convening Town Hall event. While GE reform and issues such as immigration seemingly have little in common, discussions of both require participants to transcend individual biases, to find commonalties, and, one hopes, to discover new possibilities or solutions. This article describes how SU embedded civic engagement into GE curriculum after modeling the process in GE reform discussions.
The immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides fromGlycyrrhiza uralensis
Authors: Aipire Adila , Mahabati Mahepali , Cai Shanshan , Wei Xianxian , Yuan Pengfei , Aimaier Alimu , Wang Xinhui , Li Jinyao 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe enhancement of immunity is very important for immunocompromised patients such as cancer patients with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.Glycyrrhiza uralensishas been used as food and medicine for a long history.G. uralensispolysaccharides (GUPS) were prepared and its immunostimulatory effects were investigated.MethodsHuman monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and murine bone marrow-derived DCs were treated with different concentrations of GUPS. The DCs maturation and cytokine production were analyzed by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Inhibitors and Western blot were used to study the mechanism of GUPS. The immunostimulatory effects of GUPS were further evaluated by naïve mouse model and immunosuppressive mouse model induced by cyclophosphamide.ResultsGUPS significantly promoted the maturation and cytokine secretion of human monocyte-derived DCs and murine bone marrow-derived DCs through TLR4 and down-stream p38, JNK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Interestingly, the migration of GUPS treated-DCs to lymph node was increased. In the mouse model, GUPS increased IL-12 production in sera but not for TNF-α. Moreover, GUPS ameliorated the side effect of cyclophosphamide and improved the immunity of immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide. These results suggested that GUPS might be used for cancer therapy to ameliorate the side effect of chemotherapy and enhance the immunity.
Evaluation of Fisheries Management Techniques in Three Wetlands in Bangladesh
Authors: Mustafa Md Golam 
Published: January 2020

Aim: To evaluate the impact of community-based co-management and fisheries management techniques on fisheries production and biodiversity in three large wetlands in Bangladesh.
Study Design: A robust catch assessment approach to measure fisheries production, species composition and biodiversity in large wetlands.
Place and Duration of Study: The study sites are located in three wetlands in Bangladesh, namely Hail Haor, Kangsha-Malijhee and Turag-Bangshi for a period of two years (2010 and 2011) covering MACH and IPAC working area.
Methodology: Species wise catch and efforts by gear type was monitored through the regular sampling to estimate the annual total catch and fishing effort. Randomly selected samples of the catch by species and effort by gear are recorded for each gear type observed to be operated on the same day. The numbers and weight of all fish species in the catch were recorded. The study also compared results in the last years of MACH initiatives to observe the status of fisheries production (kg/ha) and biodiversity Index (H´).
Results: The study indicated that the 2011 annual fish production (kg/ha) increased by 125 and 271% compared to the baseline survey in 1999 in Hail Haor and Kangsho-Malijhee respectively. The results suggested that Hail Haor and Kangsha-Malijhee wetlands showed considerably enriched biodiversity over 12 years, whilst, Turag-Bangshi showed upwards from 1999 to 2006 and decreased in 2010 and 2011. In 2010, fish production was 393, 322 and 139 kg/ha, and in 2011 fishes production was 370, 556 and 88 kg/ha in Hail Haor, Kangsho-Malijhee and Turagh-Bangshi wetlands, respectively.
Conclusions: The assessment indicated that the overall fish production and biodiversity has been improved due to community-based co-management and this lesson could be replicated widely to sustain wetland resources.
Effects of Liming on Dithionate and Oxalate Extractable Aluminium in Acid Soils
Authors: Mwende Muindi Esther 
Published: January 2020

Liming and phosphorus (P) applications are recommended practices for improving crop production in acid soils of the tropics. Although considerable work has been done to establish liming rates for acid soils in many parts of the world, information on the effects of lime on the forms of aluminium which actively sorb P in such soils is minimal. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted at Waruhiu Farmers Training Centre, Githunguri to evaluate the effect of liming on oxalate and dithionate extractable aluminium in acid soils. Extremely (pH 4.48) and strongly (pH 4.59) acidic soils were evaluated. Four liming (CaO) rates namely 0, 2.2, 5.2 and 7.4 tonnes ha-1 for extremely acidic and 0, 1.4, 3.2, and 4.5 tonnes ha-1 for strongly acidic soils were evaluated. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Data collected included: initial soil chemical properties, oxalate (Alo) and dithionate (Ald) aluminium levels. The tested soils had high exchangeable Al (> 2 cmol Al kg-1), Al saturation of (> 20% Al) and low extractable P values (< 15 mg P kg-1 soil). Liming significantly (p=.05) reduced Alo by 70% and 68% in extremely and strongly acidic soils respectively and Ald by 78% in both extremely and strongly acidic soils compared to control. Use of 7.4 tonnes ha-1 of lime in extremely acidic soils and 4.5 tonnes ha-1 of lime in strongly acidic soils significantly (p=.05) reduced both Alo and Ald by > 68% compared to no lime. It was, therefore, concluded that liming contributes to the reduction of soluble Alo and Ald in acid soils of the Kenya highlands leading to increased soluble P availability. Studies are required to provide short and long term optimal liming rates that reduce Alo and Ald without distabilizing availability of other nutrients in field conditions under wide range of acid soils.
Water Safety Planning and Implementation in a Ghanaian Small-scale Water Supply System
Authors: Asirifua Obeng Panin , Appiah Obeng Peter , Awere Eric 
Published: January 2020

This study looked at the Assin Fosu Small Town Water Supply System in Ghana to verify whether the operation of the scheme is based on a comprehensive water safety plan and how the practice of water safety planning affects the quality of water delivered to the consumers. The study employed document reviews, structured observations, interviews and laboratory analysis of water samples. System design data files and an Operation and Management Contract document were reviewed along with in-depth interviews with key stakeholders of the water supply system. Structured observations were made to assess the management practices of the system managers. Three rounds of sampling of water were done at monthly intervals from 10 randomly selected public standpipes, 3 boreholes and 2 filtration units. Samples were analysed to assess their bacteriological safety and aesthetic (physical) quality (turbidity and colour). Upon detection of bacteriological contamination, the adequacy of disinfection was assessed by measuring the levels of residual chlorine. It was found that the recommended schedule for some key documented water
quality control and monitoring activities were not complied with. Consequently, the quality of water delivered to consumers at several public standpipes failed to meet the WHO guidelines for drinking water. Forty percent (40%) of all samples were found with faecal contamination, with 60% and 50% exceeding the WHO’s guideline levels for turbidity and colour respectively. It is recommended that the Community Water and Sanitation Agency in Ghana intensifies on-going efforts at ensuring that small-scale water supply systems in the country are managed with comprehensive water safety plans to prevent microbial contamination which could pose significant health risks to the consumers.
Periapical Cyst Following Replantation of Avulsed Teeth: A Case Report
Authors: Oyedele T. A. , Sodipo B. , Adetayo O. A. , Ajimoko A. O. , Olawale E. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Avulsion has been described as the traumatic displacement of the tooth out of the socket, and it accounts for 0.5% to 16% of traumatic injuries in the permanent dentition. Many complications have been associated with avulsed tooth following replantation. This paper aimed at presenting a case of the large cystic lesion following replantation of avulsed teeth.
Case Presentation: A case of a 17-year-old undergraduate student who presented in the dental clinic for medical screening as a mandatory exercise upon gaining admission. During the examination, a purulent pus discharge was noticed on the labial sulcus about tooth 11. History revealed that she had avulsion of teeth 11 and 12 about 4-years earlier that was replanted and splinted for 2-3 weeks and subsequently she was discharged from the clinic without any further treatment. Radiographic examination revealed periapical radiolucency without well define margin about teeth 11 and 12. Periapical surgery was carried out and two large cystic cavities were seen at about teeth 11 and 12 during surgery. The histology report of the specimen revealed a benign lesion suggesting periapical cyst.
Conclusion: There is the need for adequate follow-up and monitoring of replanted teeth the following avulsion to arrest any complication that might arise from the procedure. Also, the importance of endodontic treatment following replantation of the avulsed tooth cannot be overemphasized.
Geriatric Research in Saudi Arabia: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Alamri Sultan H. 
Published: January 2020

Background: This bibliometric analysis was performed to assess the research trends and productivity from Saudi Arabia in the field of geriatrics.
Methods: In this descriptive study, we collected bibliometric data for manuscripts published from Saudi Arabia between the year 1980 to June 2018. Data were retrieved from PubMed; Embase; MEDLINE; CINAHL and Google Scholar using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms: “Saudi”, “Elder”, “Older”, “Gerontology”, “Seniors”, “Senility” “Geriatric” and “Ageing”. The number of published papers overall and citations per paper were also collected.
Results: From the publications analyzed between the year 1980 to June 2018, 91% of the articles were published between the years 2000 -2018, indicating the major contribution from Saudi Arabia in the field of geriatric research has been in the recent 20 years. In total, 34 publications were retrieved, of which, 85% were cross-sectional studies, with 66% of the studies carried out in hospitals or primary health care centers. The sub-topics with maximum number of publications included mental health, musculoskeletal health, and socio-gerontology. The most cited publications were related to the topics of depression, psychosocial health and osteoporosis.
Conclusions: Despite the recent increase in geriatric research in Saudi Arabia, the research output and quality of publications were low and did not address commonly seen geriatrics health conditions such as dementia, delirium and polypharmacy. More high quality research directed to address common geriatrics conditions is needed to better inform decision making. Building research capacities, enhancement of infrastructure, and provision of adequate support from funding bodies are required interventions to enable geriatric research in Saudi Arabia to operate at a maximum efficiency.
Prognostic significance of PD‐L1 expression on cell‐surface vimentin‐positive circulating tumor cells in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Liu Mengyuan , Wang Ruoyu , Sun Xuren , Liu Yuting , Wang Zhi , Yan Jin , Kong Xiangyu , Liang Shanshan , Liu Qiuge , Zhao Tong , Ji Xuening , Wang Gang , Wang Fuguang , Wang Guan , Chen Liang , Zhang Qingfu , Lv Weipeng , Li Heming , Sun Mingjun 
Published: January 2020

Although circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have shown promise as potential biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic assessment in gastric cancer (GC), determining the predictive and prognostic value of programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)‐positive CTCs in patients with GC is a challenge. Here, we identified that the expression of total vimentin (VIM) protein was positively correlated with PD‐L1 and inhibited CD8+ T‐cell activation in patients with GC according to bioinformatics analysis. Notably, coexpression of PD‐L1 and cell‐surface VIM (CSV) was detected by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry assay in locally advanced GC tumor specimens and metastatic lymph nodes. Likewise, CSV expression level was significantly decreased after transiently knocking down PD‐L1 in GC cell lines. Based on our established CTC detection platform, CTCs were isolated from peripheral blood samples collected from 70 patients (38 resectable and 32 unresectable) with GC using magnetic positive selection and a CSV‐specific monoclonal antibody, 84‐1. CSV+PD‐L1+CTCs were observed in 50 of 70 (71%) GC patient samples, ranging from 0 to 261 mL−1. A higher number of CSV+PD‐L1+CTCs were significantly associated with a short survival duration and poor therapeutic response. This study demonstrated that detection of PD‐L1+CTCs using a CSV‐enrichment method has promising value as a clinically relevant prognostic marker for GC.
Utilizing the TrueBeam Advanced Imaging Package to monitor intrafraction motion with periodic kV imaging and automatic marker detection during VMAT prostate treatments
Authors: Korpics Mark C. , Rokni Michelle , Degnan Michael , Aydogan Bulent , Liauw Stanley L. , Redler Gage 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundFiducial markers are frequently used before treatment for image‐guided patient setup in radiation therapy (RT), but can also be used during treatment for image‐guided intrafraction motion detection. This report describes our implementation of automatic marker detection with periodic kV imaging (TrueBeam v2.5) to monitor and correct intrafraction motion during prostate RT.MethodsWe evaluated the reproducibility and accuracy of software fiducial detection using a phantom with 3 implanted fiducial markers. Clinical implementation for patients with intraprostatic fiducials receiving volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) utilized periodic on‐board kV imaging with 10 s intervals during treatment delivery. For each image, the software automatically identified fiducial locations and determined whether their distance relative to planned locations were within a 3 mm tolerance. Motion was corrected if either ≥2 fiducials in a single image or ≥1 fiducial in sequential images were out of tolerance.ResultsPhantom studies demonstrated poorer performance of linear fiducials compared to collapsible fiducials, and wide variability to accurately detect fiducials across eight software settings. For any given setting, results were relatively reproducible and precise to ~0.5 mm. Across 17 patients treated with a median of 20 fractions, the software recommended a shift in 44% of fractions, and a shift was actually implemented after visual confirmation of movement greater than the 3 mm threshold in 20% of fractions. Adjustment of our approach led to improved accuracy for the latter (n = 7) patient subset. On average, table repositioning added 3.0 ± 0.3 min to patient time on table. Periodic kV imaging increased skin dose by an estimated 1 cGy per treatment arc.ConclusionsPeriodic kV imaging with automatic detection of motion during VMAT prostate treatments is commercially available, and can be successfully implemented to mitigate effects of intrafraction motion with careful attention to software settings.
Wandering eyes: Eye movements during mind wandering in video lectures
Authors: Zhang Han , Miller Kevin F. , Sun Xin , Cortina Kai S. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryVideo lectures are increasingly prevalent, but they present challenges to learners. Students' minds often wander, yet we know little about how mind wandering affects attention during video lectures. This paper presents two studies that examined eye movement patterns of mind wandering during video lectures. In the studies, mind wandering reports were collected by either self‐caught reports or thought probes. Results were similar across the studies: mind wandering was associated with an increased allocation of fixations to the instructor's image. For fixations on the slides, the average duration increased but the dispersion decreased. Moreover, preliminary evidence suggested that fixation duration and dispersion can diminish soon after self‐caught reports of mind wandering. Overall, these findings help advance our understanding of how learners' attention is affected during mind wandering and may facilitate efforts in objectively identifying mind wandering. Future research is needed to determine if these findings can extend to other instructional formats.
A proximity moving horizon estimator for a class of nonlinear systems
Authors: Gharbi Meriem , Ebenbauer Christian 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn this article, we present a proximity‐based formulation for moving horizon estimation (MHE) of a class of constrained discrete‐time nonlinear systems. The cost function of the proposed estimator includes a convex stage cost as well as a Bregman distance for the a priori estimate. This rather general formulation of the cost function allows for a flexible design of the estimator depending on the setting of the problem at hand. We derive sufficient conditions for the global exponential stability of the underlying estimation error. We also investigate the robustness properties of the proposed MHE scheme applied for linear systems subject to unknown process and measurement disturbances in terms of an input‐to‐state stability analysis. The estimator performance is illustrated by means of simulation examples.
Technology Trends of Catalysts in Hydrogenation Reactions: A Patent Landscape Analysis
Authors: Stoffels Marius A. , Klauck Felix J. R. , Hamadi Thomas , Glorius Frank , Leker Jens 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to present an overview of the patent landscape for catalysts used in hydrogenation reactions. Based on patent data extracted from PatBase®, we use predefined patent classifications as well as a keyword‐based search for our analyses. The results indicate that the number of patent families that protect heterogeneous catalysts grows twice as fast as that for their homogeneous counterparts. Furthermore, the data show a shift towards abundant and non‐toxic elements in heterogeneous catalysis, while the noble metals continue to dominate the patent landscape of homogeneous catalysis. A subsequent geographical analysis reveals that the high growth rates in heterogeneous catalysis, especially for nickel and iron, are driven by China. Conversely, patenting activities with regard to homogeneous catalysts mainly take place in the USA, the EU, and Japan. The subsequent keyword‐based search illustrates the continuous industrial relevance of enantioselective hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation, as well as the rapidly increasing body of patents in hydrodeoxygenation. Setting these finding into context, we present and apply two concepts that are commonly used in patent analyses, namely the technology life cycle and the S‐curve. We conclude that hydrogenation catalysis has not reached its peak economic relevance yet and will continue to spark valuable patents and innovations in the future.magnified image