bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Weaver-Dunn Procedure for Type 3 Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation: Functional and Radiological Outcomes
Authors: Galasso Olimpio , Tarducci Lorenzo , De Benedetto Massimo , Orlando Nicola , Mercurio Michele , Gasparini Giorgio , Castricini Roberto 
Published: March 2020

Background Controversy surrounds the indication for treatment of type 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation, and the optimal reconstructive technique has not yet been defined. Since the first description of the Weaver-Dunn procedure, several studies have described the clinical and radiological results that can be expected postoperatively; however, few studies have evaluated the outcomes of this technique for chronic type 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation. Purpose/Hypothesis The purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional and radiographic mid- to long-term outcomes of a modified Weaver-Dunn procedure for chronic Rockwood type 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation. We hypothesized that (1) functional outcomes comparable with sex- and age-matched healthy individuals could be achieved with the modified Weaver-Dunn procedure and (2) joint stability could be restored after surgery. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Out of 30 patients who sustained a chronic type 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation, 27 had a minimum 12-month follow-up and were included in the study. All patients underwent a modified Weaver-Dunn procedure. The Constant-Murley score was used to assess patient postoperative function. Subjective evaluation of patient satisfaction with surgery was also recorded. Radiological assessment was performed postoperatively to evaluate superoinferior and anteroposterior joint stability. Results After a mean follow-up period of 51.6 months, the mean Constant-Murley score was 90.1, which was 97.2% that of a group of sex- and age-matched healthy individuals. In the multivariate analysis, higher Constant-Murley score was associated with male sex (β = 0.385; P = .043) and higher subjective satisfaction scale (β = 0.528; P = .003). All patients returned to their previous work and sport activity levels having high satisfaction with surgery. Successful vertical acromioclavicular joint reduction was obtained in all but 1 patient; however, horizontal joint stability was not completely restored with the modified Weaver-Dunn procedure. No intraoperative complications occurred, and the postoperative complication rate was 7.4%. Conclusion In patients with chronic type 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation, the modified Weaver-Dunn procedure is an effective technique to restore vertical but not horizontal joint stability 4 years after surgery. High levels of satisfaction with surgery and functional outcomes comparable with sex- and age-matched healthy individuals can be achieved.
Successful Treatment of Full-Thickness Macular Hole in Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy With Anti-VEGF Therapy
Authors: Lindeke-Myers Aaron , Kokame Gregg T. , Yeh Steven , Shantha Jessica 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: This report discusses the case of an 86-year-old man with a full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) secondary to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) treated with bevacizumab. Methods: A case report is presented. Results: An 86-year-old man presented with a 5-month history of metamorphopsia and decreased vision in his right eye and was found to have active exudation secondary to PCV with a concurrent FTMH. After 4 treatments with intravitreal bevacizumab, the FTMH resolved without surgical intervention. Conclusions: The patient’s FTMH resolved with solely pharmacologic treatment as a result of treating his PCV with intravitreal bevacizumab. Macular hole formation secondary to PCV is a rare finding, but may be successfully treated with pharmacologic therapy without surgical intervention.
Identification of germline variants in adults with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Miller Peter G. , Niroula Abhishek , Ceremsak John J. , Gibson Christopher J. , Taylor Martin S. , Birndt Sebastian , Perner Florian , Arnason Jon , Sperling Adam S. , Agrawal Mridul , Schram Alison M. , Nikiforow Sarah , Pihan German , Hasserjian Robert P. , Aster Jon C. , La Rosée Paul , Morgan Elizabeth A. , Berliner Nancy , Ebert Benjamin L. 
Published: March 2020

Key Points
Some germline variants are predicted to disrupt protein function in HLH-associated genes. Such variants are neither enriched in adult-onset HLH nor associated with specific clinical or laboratory features of HLH.
Quality and safety of municipal drinking water in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia
Authors: Wolde Amsalu Mekonnen , Jemal Kemal , Woldearegay Gebru M. , Tullu Kassu Desta 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
In low resourced countries, water-associated diseases have still impact on public health. Poor quality of water can cause waterborne diseases through bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites that has been responsible for millions of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to assess quality and safety of public municipal drinking water in Addis Ababa City.

Methods
Descriptive epidemiological study design that used quantitative approach was carried out at Addis Ababa City Administration from June 2016 to October 2016. Pre-tested and standardized aseptic sample collection technique was utilized to collect a total of 2976 samples (2951 water samples for bacteriological analysis by Presence-Absence (P-A) culturing method and 25 samples for parasites identification through direct microscopy examination). Descriptive data were summarized and cleaned by the SPSS version 20 software and presented in table and graph.

Results
The study revealed that 10%, 7% and 3% were positive for bacteriological, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms respectively through Presence-Absence Broth test. The bacterial distribution trends from 1st to 13th weeks of wet season were slight increment of total coliforms and slight decrement for fecal coliforms. All tested for parasitological samples from selected reservoirs were free from parasitological species.

Conclusion
This study reflects that there were positive for bacterial, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms during the study period. It needs continuous screening and treating water sources to utmost important for prevention and control waterborne disease.
Short and long-term barriers and facilitators of skin self-examination among individuals diagnosed with melanoma
Authors: Coroiu Adina , Moran Chelsea , Bergeron Catherine , Drapeau Martin , Wang Beatrice , Kezouh Abbas , Ernst Jochen , Batist Gerald , Körner Annett 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Melanoma can be lethal if not detected early and treated. Early detection can be facilitated via skin self-examination (SSE) and as such, SSE is part of melanoma follow-up care for individuals with a prior history, who face a life-long risk of reoccurrence. The objective of the current study was to identify short- and long-term predictors of SSE among melanoma survivors to inform future prevention interventions in high-risk groups.

Method
This is an observational study with longitudinal assessments conducted with adult melanoma patients in active follow-up care.

Primary outcome measures
Behavioral outcomes, comprehensive SSE (checking up to 5 body areas in the last 3 months) and optimal SSE (checking the entire body at least monthly in the last 3 months) were assessed at 3, 12, and 24 months post a dermatological educational session on skin cancer prevention. T tests and chi square analyses were used to examine changes in outcomes from 3 to 12 and 24 months. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between predictors and the primary outcomes.

Results
Comprehensive SSE did not decrease significantly from 3 (M = 2.7, SD = 1.1) to 12 (M = 2.6, SD = 1.2) and 24 months (M = 2.4, SD = 1.2) post the education session, with the stronger predictor at all timepoints being intentions to perform SSE. Optimal SSE was higher at 3 months (59%) compared to 12 (46%) and 24 months (34%), with key predictors including self-efficacy and intentions to perform SSE and male sex at 3 months post; self-efficacy and reliance on medical advice at 12 months; and (lower) education and self-efficacy at 24 months.

Conclusions
The key findings of this study are that 1) survivors maintain SSE behaviour over time, but rates of SSE performed in agreement with medical recommendations are higher immediately post standard dermatological education (i.e. usual care) and decrease somewhat over a 24-month period; and 2) the strongest psycho-social predictors of SSE are intentions and self-efficacy to perform the behavior, which are highly modifiable, for example via motivational interviewing and goal setting health interventions.
Inhibition of alpha-synuclein seeded fibril formation and toxicity by herbal medicinal extracts
Authors: Ardah Mustafa T. , Ghanem Simona S. , Abdulla Sara A. , Lv Guohua , Emara Mohamed M. , Paleologou Katerina E. , Vaikath Nishant N. , Lu Jia-Hong , Li Min , Vekrellis Konstantinos , Eliezer David , El-Agnaf Omar M. A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Recent studies indicated that seeded fibril formation and toxicity of α-synuclein (α-syn) play a main role in the pathogenesis of certain diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy, and dementia with Lewy bodies. Therefore, examination of compounds that abolish the process of seeding is considered a key step towards therapy of several synucleinopathies.

Methods
Using biophysical, biochemical and cell-culture-based assays, assessment of eleven compounds, extracted from Chinese medicinal herbs, was performed in this study for their effect on α-syn fibril formation and toxicity caused by the seeding process.

Results
Salvianolic acid B and dihydromyricetin were the two compounds that strongly inhibited the fibril growth and neurotoxicity of α-syn. In an in-vitro cell model, these compounds decreased the insoluble phosphorylated α-syn and aggregation. Also, in primary neuronal cells, these compounds showed a reduction in α-syn aggregates. Both compounds inhibited the seeded fibril growth with dihydromyricetin having the ability to disaggregate preformed α-syn fibrils. In order to investigate the inhibitory mechanisms of these two compounds towards fibril formation, we demonstrated that salvianolic acid B binds predominantly to monomers, while dihydromyricetin binds to oligomeric species and to a lower extent to monomers. Remarkably, these two compounds stabilized the soluble non-toxic oligomers lacking β-sheet content after subjecting them to proteinase K digestion.

Conclusions
Eleven compounds were tested but only two showed inhibition of α-syn aggregation, seeded fibril formation and toxicity in vitro. These findings highlight an essential beginning for development of new molecules in the field of synucleinopathies treatment.
Silibinin prevents depression-like behaviors in a single prolonged stress rat model: the possible role of serotonin
Authors: Lee Bombi , Choi Gwang Muk , Sur Bongjun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an extreme mood disorder that occurs after experiencing extreme stress, and patients with this disorder are known to accompany with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and memory impairments. Silibinin (SIL) is a natural polyphenolic flavonoid and is the main active ingredient of silymarin, which is primarily extracted from the milk thistle. Although some studies have assessed the properties of this flavonoid, the potential of SIL as a treatment for PTSD patients and its mechanisms of action have yet to be fully elucidated.

Methods
After exposure to a model of single prolonged stress (SPS), the open field test (OFT) and forced swimming test (FST), were used to investigate the effects of SIL on anxiety- and depression-like symptoms in male rats. The rats received of SIL (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) for 14 days following exposure to SPS.

Results
Administration of SIL significantly improved anxiety-like behaviors in the OFT, depression-like behaviors in the FST, and freezing behavior in fear conditioning test. SIL also increased levels of serotonin in the hippocampus (Hipp) and amygdala, and enhanced expression of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 mRNA in the Hipp. The administration of SIL also inhibited SPS-induced decreases dopamine levels and increases norepinephrine levels in the Hipp.

Conclusions
Taken together, the present findings suggest that SIL can be a useful therapeutic ingredient for the treatment of trauma stress-associated symptoms, including PTSD-induced anxiety and depression caused by PTSD.
A systematic analysis of natural α-glucosidase inhibitors from flavonoids of Radix scutellariae using ultrafiltration UPLC-TripleTOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology
Authors: Wang Le , Tan Nana , Wang Huan , Hu Jingbo , Diwu Wenbo , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundFlavonoids from plant medicines are supposed to be viable alternatives for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) as less toxicity and side effects.Radix scutellariae(RS) is a widely used traditional medicine in Asia. It has shown great potential in the research of T2D. However, the pharmacological actions remain obscured due to the complex chemical nature of plant medicines.MethodsIn the present study, a systematic method combining ultrafiltration UPLC-TripleTOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology was developed to screenα-glucosidase inhibitors from flavonoids ofRS, and explore the underlying mechanism for the treatment of T2D.ResultsThen-butanol part of ethanol extract fromRSshowed a strongα-glucosidase inhibition activity (90.55%, IC500.551 mg/mL) against positive control acarbose (90.59%, IC501.079 mg/mL). A total of 32 kinds of flavonoids were identified from the extract, and their ESI-MS/MS behaviors were elucidated. Thirteen compounds were screened asα-glucosidase inhibitors, including viscidulin III, 2′,3,5,6′,7-pentahydroxyflavanone, and so on. A compound-target-pathway (CTP) network was constructed by integrating theseα-glucosidase inhibitors, target proteins, and related pathways. This network exhibited an uneven distribution and approximate scale-free property. Chrysin (k = 87), 5,8,2′-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (k = 21) and wogonin (k = 20) were selected as the main active constituents with much higher degree values. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) weighted network was built for target proteins of theseα-glucosidase inhibitors and drug targets of T2D. PPARG (Cd = 0.165,Cb = 0.232,Cc = 0.401), ACACB (Cd = 0.155,Cb = 0.184,Cc = 0.318), NFKB1 (Cd = 0.233,Cb = 0.161,Cc = 0.431), and PGH2 (Cd = 0.194,Cb = 0.157,Cc = 0.427) exhibited as key targets with the highest scores of centrality indices. Furthermore, a core subnetwork was extracted from the CTP and PPI weighted network. Type II diabetes mellitus (hsa04930) and PPAR signaling pathway (hsa03320) were confirmed as the critical pathways.ConclusionsThese results improved current understanding of natural flavonoids on the treatment of T2D. The combination of ultrafiltration UPLC-TripleTOF-MS/MS and network pharmacology provides a novel strategy for the research of plant medicines and complex diseases.
Reducing ignorance about who dies of what: research and innovation to strengthen CRVS systems
Authors: Lopez Alan D. , McLaughlin Deirdre , Richards Nicola 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda offers a major impetus to consolidate and accelerate development in civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) systems. Strengthening CRVS systems is an SDG outcome in itself. Moreover, CRVS systems are the best – if not essential – source of data to monitor and guide health policy debates and to assess progress towards numerous SDG targets and indicators. They also provide the necessary documentation and proof of identity for service access and are critical for disaster preparedness and response. While there has been impressive global momentum to improve CRVS systems over the past decade, several challenges remain. This article collection provides an overview of recent innovations, progress, viewpoints and key areas in which action is still required – notably around the need for better systems and procedures to notify the fact of death and to reliably diagnose its cause, both for deaths in hospital and elsewhere.
Transcriptome analysis of HPV-induced warts and healthy skin in humans
Authors: AL-Eitan Laith N. , Tarkhan Amneh H. , Alghamdi Mansour A. , Al-Qarqaz Firas A. , Al-Kofahi Hadeel S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a group of viruses that, depending on the strain, can cause cancer or the formation of benign growths known as warts. Scarce information exists with regard to the genetic nature of non-genital cutaneous warts induced by the human papillomavirus (HPV).

Methods
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the differences between the gene expression profiles of common warts and healthy skin in HPV-positive individuals by RNA sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2500. After obtaining shave biopsies of common warts and healthy skin from twelve Arab males, we were able to analyze the transcriptomes of 24 paired cases and controls.

Results
Common warts were found to possess a highly significant and unique molecular signature. Many of the most up-regulated (KRT16, EPGN, and ABCG4) and down-regulated genes (C15orf59, CYB561A3, and FCGRT) in warts were the subject of little investigation in the published literature. Moreover, the top 500 differentially expressed genes were found to be associated with immune and autoimmune pathways, such as the neutrophil degranulation, toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR 7/8) cascade, toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) cascade, and toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) pathways, among others.

Conclusions
Our findings are particularly important because they serve as the most comprehensive to date with regard to the modulation of human skin gene expression by HPV infection.
Melatonin receptor agonist protects against acute lung injury induced by ventilator through up-regulation of IL-10 production
Authors: Wu Geng-Chin , Peng Chung-Kan , Liao Wen-I , Pao Hsin-Ping , Huang Kun-Lun , Chu Shi-Jye 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
It is well known that ventilation with high volume or pressure may damage healthy lungs or worsen injured lungs. Melatonin has been reported to be effective in animal models of acute lung injury. Melatonin exerts its beneficial effects by acting as a direct antioxidant and via melatonin receptor activation. However, it is not clear whether melatonin receptor agonist has a protective effect in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Therefore, in this study, we determined whether ramelteon (a melatonin receptor agonist) can attenuate VILI and explore the possible mechanism for protection.

Methods
VILI was induced by high tidal volume ventilation in a rat model. The rats were randomly allotted into the following groups: control, control+melatonin, control+ramelteon, control+luzindole, VILI, VILI+luzindole, VILI + melatonin, VILI + melatonin + luzindole (melatonin receptor antagonist), VILI + ramelteon, and VILI + ramelteon + luzindole (n = 6 per group). The role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the melatonin- or ramelteon-mediated protection against VILI was also investigated.

Results
Ramelteon treatment markedly reduced lung edema, serum malondialdehyde levels, the concentration of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), NF-κB activation, iNOS levels, and apoptosis in the lung tissue. Additionally, ramelteon treatment significantly increased heat shock protein 70 expression in the lung tissue and IL-10 levels in BALF. The protective effect of ramelteon was mitigated by the administration of luzindole or an anti-IL-10 antibody.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that a melatonin receptor agonist has a protective effect against VILI, and its protective mechanism is based on the upregulation of IL-10 production.
Ubiquitous neurocognitive dysfunction in familial adenomatous polyposis: proof-of-concept of the role of APC protein in neurocognitive function
Authors: Cruz-Correa Marcia Roxana , Sala Ana Cecilia , Cintrón Beatriz , Hernández Jessica , Olivera Myrta , Cora Adrian , Moore Constance M. , Luciano Carlos A. , Soto-Salgado Marievelisse , Giardiello Francis M. , Hooper Stephen R. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by germline mutations in the APC gene. Patients with FAP have multiple extraintestinal manifestations that follow a genotype-phenotype pattern; however, few data exist characterizing their cognitive abilities. Given the role of the APC protein in development of the central nervous system, we hypothesized that patients with FAP would show differences in cognitive functioning compared to controls.

Methods
Matched case-control study designed to evaluate cognitive function using the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence-4, the Bateria III Woodcock-Munoz, and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions-Adult. Twenty-six individuals with FAP (mean age = 34.2 ± 15.0 years) and 25 age-gender and educational level matched controls (mean age = 32.7 ± 13.8 years) were evaluated.

Results
FAP-cases had significantly lower IQ (p = 0.005). Across all tasks of the Batería III Woodcock-Muñoz, FAP-cases performed significantly lower than controls, with all of the summary scores falling in the bottom quartile compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Patients with FAP scored within the deficient range for Long-Term Retrieval and Cognitive Fluency.

Conclusion
APC protein has an important role in neurocognitive function. The pervasive nature of the observed cognitive dysfunction suggests that loss or dysfunction of the APC protein impacts processes in cortical and subcortical brain regions. Additional studies examining larger ethnically diverse cohorts with FAP are warranted.