bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over‐Expression of RNA Processing, Heat Shock, and DNA Repair Proteins in Breast Tumor Compared to Normal Tissue
Authors: Yen Ten‐Yang , Wong Richard , Pizzo Donald , Thein Moe , Macher Bruce A. , Timpe Leslie C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study identifies the main changes in protein expression in human breast tumors compared to normal breast tissue. Malignant tumors (32) and normal breast tissue samples (23), from formaldehyde‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded specimens are subjected to discovery proteomics using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, with spectral counts for quantitation. The dataset contains 1406 proteins. Differential expression is measured using a method that takes advantage of estimates of the percentage of tumor on a slide. This analysis shows that the major classes of proteins over‐expressed by tumors are RNA‐binding, heat shock and DNA repair proteins. RNA‐binding proteins, including heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (HNRNPs), SR splice factors (SRSF) and elongation factors form the largest group. Comparison with results from another study demonstrates that the RNA‐binding proteins are associated specifically with malignant transformation, rather than with cell proliferation. HNRNP and SRSF proteins help define splice sites in normal cells. Their over‐expression may dysregulate splicing, which in turn has the potential to promote malignant transformation.
Combining bacteriophages with cefiderocol and meropenem/vaborbactam to treat a pan‐drug resistant Achromobacter species infection in a pediatric cystic fibrosis patient
Authors: Gainey Andrew B. , Burch Anna‐Kathryn , Brownstein Michael J. , Brown David E. , Fackler Joseph , Horne Bri'Anna , Biswas Biswajit , Bivens Brittany N. , Malagon Francisco , Daniels Robert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCystic fibrosis is associated with significant morbidity and early mortality due to recurrent acute and chronic lung infections. The chronic use of multiple antibiotics without pathogen eradication increases the possibility of extensive drug resistance or even pan‐drug resistance (PDR). It is imperative that new or alternative treatment options be explored. We present a clinical case of a 10‐year‐old female cystic fibrosis patient, infected with a PDR Achromobacter spp. She was treated with cefiderocol, meropenem/vaborbactam, and bacteriophage therapy (Ax2CJ45ϕ2) during two separate admissions in an attempt to clear her infection and restore baseline pulmonary function. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention confirmed antibiotic susceptibilities, which showed resistance to both cefiderocol and meropenem/vaborbactam. However, after using all three agents concomitantly during the second treatment course, our patient's pulmonary function improved dramatically, and the Achromobacter spp. could not be isolated from sputum samples obtained 8 and 16 weeks after completion of therapy. Overall, the treatment regimen consisting of cefiderocol, meropenem/vaborbactam, and bacteriophage was safe and well‐tolerated in our patient.
A simple open source bioinformatic methodology for initial exploration of GPCR ligands’ agonistic/antagonistic properties
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Athanasios A. , Papachristofi Christina , Kalyvianaki Konstantina , Malamos Panagiotis , Theodoropoulos Panayiotis A. , Notas George , Calogeropoulou Theodora , Castanas Elias , Kampa Marilena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDrug development is an arduous procedure, necessitating testing the interaction of a large number of potential candidates with potential interacting (macro)molecules. Therefore, any method which could provide an initial screening of potential candidate drugs might be of interest for the acceleration of the procedure, by highlighting interesting compounds, prior to in vitro and in vivo validation. In this line, we present a method which may identify potential hits, with agonistic and/or antagonistic properties on GPCR receptors, integrating the knowledge on signaling events triggered by receptor activation (GPCRs binding to Gα,β,γ proteins, and activating Gα, exchanging GDP for GTP, leading to a decreased affinity of the Gα for the GPCR). We show that, by integrating GPCR‐ligand and Gα‐GDP or ‐GTP binding in docking simulation, which correctly predicts crystallographic data, we can discriminate agonists, partial agonists, and antagonists, through a linear function, based on the ΔG (Gibbs‐free energy) of liganded‐GPCR/Gα‐GDP. We built our model using two Gαs (β2‐adrenergic and prostaglandin‐D2), four Gαi (μ‐opioid, dopamine‐D3, adenosine‐A1, rhodopsin), and one Gαo (serotonin) receptors and validated it with a series of ligands on a recently deorphanized Gαi receptor (OXER1). This approach could be a valuable tool for initial in silico validation and design of GPRC‐interacting ligands.
Nuances to precision dosing strategies of targeted cancer medicines
Authors: Hopkins Ashley M. , Menz Bradley D. , Wiese Michael D. , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Gurney Howard , McKinnon Ross A. , Rowland Andrew , Sorich Michael J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSelecting the dose of a targeted cancer medicine that is most appropriate for a specific individual is a rational approach to maximize therapeutic outcomes and minimize toxicity. There are many different options for optimizing the dose of targeted cancer medicines and the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive comparison of the main options explored in prospective studies. Precision initial dose selection of targeted cancer therapies has been minimally explored to date; however, concentration, toxicity, and therapeutic outcome markers are used to guide on‐therapy dose adaption of targeted cancer therapies across several medicines and cancers. While a specific concentration, toxicity, or therapeutic outcome marker commonly dominates an investigated precision on‐therapy dose adaption strategy, greater attention to simultaneously account for exposure, toxicity, therapeutic outcomes, disease status, time since treatment initiation and patient preferences are required for optimal patient outcomes. To enable successful implementation of precision dosing strategies for targeted cancer medicines into clinical practice, future prospective studies aiming to develop strategies should consider these elements in their design.
The diabatic contour‐advective semi‐Lagrangian algorithms for the dynamical core of global models in terrain‐following isentropic and pressure vertical coordinates
Authors: Laghaeizadeh Reza , Joghataei Mohammad , Yazgi Daniel , Mohebalhojeh Ali R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDesign, development and assessment of numerical algorithms based on Rossby–Ertel potential vorticity (PV) for the dynamical core of global models are of particular importance in atmospheric and oceanic modelling for improving representation of both balanced and unbalanced flows. The general circulation models are usually developed in various vertical coordinates and horizontal grids. The Diabatic Contour‐Advective Semi‐Lagrangian (DCASL) algorithm based on contour representation of an approximate form of PV is further developed by (a) inclusion of a form of arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method for the hybrid –
vertical coordinate, and (b) extension to the –p vertical coordinate with both Charney–Phillips (CP) and Lorenz (L) grids. Using a baroclinic instability test case, the working of DCASL in the newly developed – is compared with two other forms of DCASL in –p developed with CP and L grids. These comparisons show that the initialisation problem present in – vertical coordinate is removed and the solutions become close to the numerically convergent solutions of four other dynamical cores, within the range of their uncertainties, when the –p vertical coordinate is used. Results also show the usefulness of DCASL in –p, even though the prognostic variable representing vortical flow is less materially conservative than that of the –.
Simple and Effective Preparation of Zwitterionic Anti‐Fouling Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Ultrafiltration Membrane by In Situ Cross‐Linking Polymerization Technology
Authors: Song Hai‐Ming , Li Chen , Wang Yong‐Xin , Zhu Li‐Jing , Zeng Zhi‐Xiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere, we successfully fabricated antifouling zwitterionic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes based on the in situ cross‐linking polymerization of sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) in the casting solutions with the non‐solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique. The structure and performance of zwitterionic PVDF membranes were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic water contact angle measurement and filtration experiments. The producing of zwitterion chains anchored on the membrane surfaces and resulted in enhanced hydrophilicity and the separation performance of the membrane has a noticeable improvement. The flux recovery of the membrane increased significantly from ∼ 45.1 to ∼ 90%, reversible fouling (Rr) increased from ∼ 22.2 to ∼ 40.5%, irreversible fouling (Rir) decreased from ∼ 54.9 to ∼ 10% and the bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection increased from ∼ 9.9 to ∼ 81.5%, indicating the prepared PVDF/PSBMA membranes have excellent anti‐fouling property and high separation efficiency.
Electrofabrication of the Ternary NiCuFe Alloy Nanoparticles/ERGO Nanocomposite: Effective Electrooxidation of the Glucose and Glycerol in Alkaline Media
Authors: Rahmani Kaveh , Habibi Biuck 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, a facile and straightforward approach was developed to fabricate a ternary NiCuFe alloy nanoparticles (ANPs) on/in the electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) nanocomposite at the carbon‐ceramic electrode (CE); NiCuFe‐ANPs/ERGO/CE, through a two‐step electrochemical deposition method. After physicochemical characterization of the fabricated nanocomposite, it was found that the NiCuFe‐ANPs/ERGO/CE has high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of glucose and glycerol in alkaline media. The obtained results showed that the NiCuFe‐ANPs/ERGO/CE has excellent electrocatalytic activity in comparison with binary alloy nanoparticles including NiCu and NiFe in the same conditions. Moreover, the achieved results also indicated that the electrocatalytic activity of the NiCuFe‐ANPs/ERGO/CE has high value in comparison with NiCuFe‐ANPs/CE (without ERGO layers on the CE). The best results for electrooxidation of glucose (Jp=163.14 mA/cm2) and glycerol (Jp=170.35 mA/cm2) were in 0.1 M KOH and 5 mM fuels concentration. Chronoamperometry and chronopotentiometry results showed that the NiCuFe‐ANPs/ERGO/CE has significant toxic tolerance and stability. Finally, to evaluate the capacity of active sites located on the surface of the NiCuFe‐ANPs/ERGO/CE, high concentrations of glucose and glycerol were used and it was found that the prepared electrocatalyst has a high capacity towards high concentrations of these fuels.
Clays as Effective Solid Acid Catalysts for the Preparation of Sugar Esters with Surfactant Properties
Authors: Pappalardo Valeria M. , Cavuoto Denise , Sangiorgio Sara , Speranza Giovanna , Cappelletti Giuseppe , Ravasio Nicoletta , Zaccheria Federica 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSugar fatty acid esters are a relevant class of surfactants. Base catalyzed transesterification of lower esters may be carried out on an industrial level. Direct esterification of fatty acids with sugars over heterogeneous catalysts should be more environmental friendly, however this approach is quite challenging. The activity of montmorillonites has been investigated in the acylation of d‐glucose with palmitic acid and the number of Lewis acid sites on the catalyst surface measured through FTIR of adsorbed pyridine. The use of a ketone, namely acetylacetone, as solvent allows the formation of an acetal between the sugar and the solvent itself, increasing the solubility of the substrate, with a maximum of conversion when using FeIII exchanged montmorillonite K10 as the catalyst. The main reaction product was the dipalmitate ester with an acetal group at the 1,2 position of d‐glucose. This product with a hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) of 4.9 shows interesting properties as surfactant with a CMC value close to 0.036% wt/v measured in sunflower oil.
Thin Chemisorbed Polyaniline Film on Cobalt Oxide as an Electrode for Hybrid Energy Storage Devices
Authors: Izwan Misnon Izan , Krishnan Syam G. , Jose Rajan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElectrical charge storing electrodes and their surface modification are intensively investigated to improve the charge storability indicators in electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, the effects of a thin chemisorbed polyaniline (PANI) film on the charge storage behavior of rod‐shaped spinal‐type cobalt oxide (Co3O4) nanorods (PANI@Co3O4) are detailed for fabrication of battery–supercapacitor hybrid (BSH) devices. The PANI@Co3O4 showed larger surface area and optimum porosity properties, which contributed to ∼50 % enhanced specific charge than that in the Co3O4. The deconvoluted total charge storage gain showed more contribution to the bulk‐diffusion controlled process (battery‐type), lower ion transport resistance and Warburg impedance in the PANI@Co3O4 electrode than that in the Co3O4. Two‐sets of BSH devices are fabricated using PANI@Co3O4 as a positive electrode and mesoporous carbon (MC) and activated carbon (AC) negative electrodes in an aqueous electrolyte and benchmarked with symmetric supercapacitors fabricated using the two carbons. The PANI@Co3O4//MC device showed nearly two‐fold higher specific energy (ES) than that of PANI@Co3O4//AC. Interestingly, AC//AC symmetric supercapacitors showed two‐fold higher ES than the MC//MC device. Origin of differences in the charge storage behavior of the two types of devices are systematically analyzed and reported.
Comparative assessment of neurotoxicity impacts induced by alkyl tri‐n‐butyl phosphate and aromatic tricresyl phosphate in PC12 cells
Authors: Chang Yeqian , Cui Haiyan , Jiang Xiaofeng , Li Mei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOrganophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) have become a growing concern due to their potential environmental and health risk. However, limited studies have described the toxicity, particularly neurotoxicity of alkyl and aromatic OPFRs. This study investigated the neurotoxicity of alkyl tri‐n‐butyl phosphate (TnBP) and aromatic tricresyl phosphate (TCP) to rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells for 24 h. Viability detection showed dose‐response toxicity effect of TCP and TnBP to PC12 cells. The half‐maximal inhibitory concentration of 24 h (24 h‐IC50) of TCP and TnBP were 2415.61 and 338.09 μM, respectively. Both TnBP and TCP significantly changed the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and TnBP is more likely to cause neurotoxicity to PC12 cells compared to TCP. Also, The results of LDH and caspase‐3 activity detection as well as Hoechst staining suggested that cell apoptosis induced by TCP and TnBP may be the primary pathway. These findings provide a toxicity data of aromatic and alkyl‐substituted OPFRs to PC12 cells, and a new insight into the toxicity of OPFRs on health risk assessment.
Urban stormwater characterization, control, and treatment
Authors: Rodak Carolyn M. , Jayakaran Anand D. , Moore Trisha L. , David Ray , Rhodes Emily R. , Vogel Jason R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis review summarizes over 280 studies published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and management of urban stormwater runoff. A summary of quantity and quality concerns is provided in the first section of the review, serving as the foundation for the following sections which focus on the control and treatment of stormwater runoff. Finally, the impact of stormwater control devices at the watershed scale is discussed. Each section provides a self‐contained overview of the 2019 literature, common themes, and future work. Several themes emerged from the 2019 literature including exploration of substrate amendments for improved water quality effluent from stormwater controls, the continued study of the role of vegetation in green infrastructure practices, and a call to action for the development of new models which generate reliable, computationally efficient results under the physical, chemical, biological, and social complexity of stormwater management.Practitioner points

Over 280 studies were published in 2019 related to the characterization, control, and treatment of urban stormwater.

Studies on bioretention and general stormwater characteristics represented the two most common subtopics in 2019.

Trends in 2019 included novel substrate amendments, studies on the role of vegetation, and advancements in computational models.
Impacts of Global Warming on West African Monsoon Rainfall
Authors: Gbode Imoleayo E. , Ajayi Vincent O. , Ogunjobi Kehinde O. , Dudhia Jimy , Liu Changhai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe impacts of global warming on rainfall in West Africa were examined using a numerical framework for 5 monsoon years (2001, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2011). Rainfall characteristics over the three climatic zones, Guinea coast, Savannah, and Sahel, were analyzed. The potential changes associated with global warming were assessed by the pseudo-global warming (PGW) downscaling method. Multiple PGW runs were conducted using climate perturbation from the 40-member ensemble of the Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) coupled with Community Atmospheric Model version 5.2 (CAM5.2) component large ensemble project. The model output was compared with Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and Global Precipitation Climatology Project rainfall alongside surface temperature from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast Reanalysis. Results show that the estimated rainfall amount from the future climate in the 2070s increases slightly compared with the current climate. The total rainfall amount simulated for the current climate is 16% and 63% less than that of the PGW runs and observations, respectively. Also found is an increase (decrease) in heavy (light and moderate) rainfall amount in the PGW runs. These results are, however, contingent on the global circulation model (GCM), which provides the boundary conditions of the regional climate model. CESM1.0-CAM5.2, the GCM employed in this study, tends to provide a greater surface temperature change of about 4 °C. This projected temperature change consequently caused the increase in the simulated precipitation in the PGW experiments, thus highlighting the advantage of using the PGW method to estimate the likely difference between the present and future climate with reduced large-scale model differences and computational resources. The findings of this study are, however, useful to inform decision-making in climate-related activities and guide the design of climate change adaptation projects for the West African region.
Wie informieren sich die Menschen in Deutschland zum Thema Gesundheit? Erkenntnisse aus der ersten Welle von HINTS Germany
Authors: Baumann Eva , Czerwinski Fabian , Rosset Magdalena , Seelig Markus , Suhr Ralf 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die dynamischen Entwicklungen im Gesundheitssystem gehen mit einer aktiveren und stärker partizipativen Patientenrolle einher, in der Patient*innen als informierte Entscheider*innen ihre Versorgung mitgestalten. In diesem Zuge gewinnt das gesundheitsbezogene Informationshandeln an Bedeutung, jedoch wird es bislang nicht systematisch erfasst. Der Health Information National Trends Survey Germany (HINTS Germany) schließt diese Lücke.

Methodik
HINTS Germany wurde als telefonische Befragung einer Stichprobe von N = 2902 Personen durchgeführt. Der Fragebogen beinhaltet diverse Aspekte der Suche nach und Nutzung von Gesundheitsinformationen, der Versorgung, des Gesundheitszustands und -verhaltens.

Ergebnisse
Die ersten Erkenntnisse belegen, dass es regionale und geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede im Gesundheitsinformationshandeln gibt. Etwa jede vierte befragte Person berichtet von Problemen bei der Informationssuche. Die meistgenutzten Informationsquellen sind Ärzt*innen und anderes medizinisches Fachpersonal sowie das Internet, wobei Ärzt*innen das mit Abstand größte Vertrauen entgegengebracht wird.

Diskussion
Der eher seltene Zugriff auf das Internet als primäre Quelle korrespondiert mit dem geringeren Vertrauen, das die Befragten in das Internet als Quelle für Gesundheitsinformationen legen, was auch aus anderen Studien bekannt ist. Dies sollte jedoch nicht darüber hinwegtäuschen, dass das Internet als ergänzende Quelle einen hohen Stellenwert haben kann, also in Kombination mit anderen Informationen genutzt wird, beispielsweise nach einem Arztbesuch. HINTS Germany bietet eine für die erwachsene Bevölkerung in Deutschland repräsentative Datengrundlage, mit der die Bedeutung der Gesundheitsinformationssuche für gesundheitsbezogene Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen differenziert analysiert werden kann.
Neurodevelopmental outcomes after moderate to severe neonatal hypoglycemia
Authors: Rasmussen Annett Helleskov , Wehberg Sonja , Pørtner Fani , Larsen Anna-Marie , Filipsen Karen , Christesen Henrik Thybo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe long-term consequences of transient neonatal hypoglycemia are sparsely studied. We performed a follow-up of a cohort of neonates with blood glucose recordings < 1.7 mmol/L (< 30 mg/dL), treated with > 2.5 mmol/L (> 45 mg/dL), compared with healthy siblings. Exclusion criteria were gestational age < 35 weeks, severe asphyxia, head injury, and other cerebral diseases. In 71 children with neonatal hypoglycemia and 32 control siblings, Wechsler IV cognitive test, Movement ABC-2 test, and Child Behavior Checklist were performed at mean age 7.75 and 9.17 years, respectively. No significant changes were detected for cognitive function by using Wechsler IV or for behavior by using Child Behavior Checklist. In univariate analysis, the hypoglycemia group had lower age-adjusted fine motor scores by using the Movement ABC-2 test compared with control siblings, 42.6 ± 31.2 vs. 57.2 ± 30.8 percentile (p = 0.03). In the sibling-paired analysis, the decrease in total motor score was highly significant, p = 0.009, driven by a decrease in fine motor score, p = 0.008. In the hypoglycemia group, adjusted analysis showed a lower fine motor function for boys, β = − 16.4, p = 0.048.Conclusion: Neonatal hypoglycemia treated with > 2.5 mmol/L was associated with lower fine motor scores within the normal range, particularly in boys. No associations with cognitive function or behavior were detected.

What is Known:• Transient neonatal hypoglycemia is associated with acute neurologic dysfunction and long-term neurodevelopment impairment in 18 months of age.

What is New:• Neonatal hypoglycemia treated with > 2.5 mmol/L is associated with lower fine motor function within the normal range, particularly in boys, but not to changes in cognitive function or behavior.