bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Seismological Study of the Sos Enattos Area—the Sardinia Candidate Site for the Einstein Telescope
Authors: Di Giovanni Matteo , Giunchi Carlo , Saccorotti Gilberto , Berbellini Andrea , Boschi Lapo , Olivieri Marco , De Rosa Rosario , Naticchioni Luca , Oggiano Giacomo , Carpinelli Massimo , D’Urso Domenico , Cuccuru Stefano , Sipala Valeria , Calloni Enrico , Di Fiore Luciano , Grado Aniello , Migoni Carlo , Cardini Alessandro , Paoletti Federico , Fiori Irene , Harms Jan , Majorana Ettore , Rapagnani Piero , Ricci Fulvio , Punturo Michele 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe recent discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) and their potential for cosmic observations prompted the design of the future third-generation GW interferometers, able to extend the observation distance for sources up to the frontier of the Universe. In particular, the European detector Einstein Telescope (ET) has been proposed to reach peak strain sensitivities of about 3×10−25  Hz−1/2 in the 100 Hz frequency region and to extend the detection band down to 1 Hz. In the bandwidth [1,10] Hz, the seismic ambient noise is expected to represent the major perturbation to interferometric measurements, and the site that will host the future detectors must fulfill stringent requirements on seismic disturbances. In this article, we conduct a seismological study at the Italian ET candidate site, the dismissed mine of Sos Enattos in Sardinia. In the range between few mHz to hundreds of mHz, out of the detection bandwidth for ET, the seismic noise is compatible with the new low-noise model (Peterson, 1993); in the [0.1,1] Hz bandwidth, we found that seismic noise is correlated with sea wave height in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. In the [1,10] Hz frequency band, noise is mainly due to anthropic activities; within the mine tunnels (≃100  m underground), its spectrum is compliant with the requirements of the ET design. Noise amplitude decay with depth is consistent with a dominance of Rayleigh waves, as suggested by synthetic seismograms calculated for a realistic velocity structure obtained from the inversion of phase- and group-velocity dispersion data from array recording of a mine blasting. Further investigations are planned for a quantitative assessment of the principal noise sources and their spatiotemporal variations.
Effect of Soil Available Phosphorus Levels on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) - Rhizobia Symbiotic Association
Authors: Ahmed Khadraji , Mohammed Bouhadi , Cherk Ghoulam 
Published: November 2020

Background: Growing chickpea (Cicer arietinum) plants is affected by several environmental constraints as osmotic stress and nutrients deficiency particularly phosphorus (P). For other legume species, it was confirmed that P deficiency affects negatively their rhizobial symbiosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of soil available P level on chickpea-rhizobia symbiosis under field conditions at Oualidia region of Morocco.Methods: Ten farmers’ fields with different soil available P levels were considered to carry out this study based on samples of 10 plants per plot. Result: The results showed that the plants from soil 7, with the lowest pH and the highest available P level (23.52ppm), presented high shoot dry weight (38.3 g/plant). Meanwhile the soil 5 with the lowest available P content showed low plant growth. The shoot P content was positively linked to soil P level but nodule biomass showed an irregular variation with soil available P level. Furthermore, it was confirmed that adequate plant P nutrition results in high chickpea yield and it was the case for plants from soil 7 presenting a mean yield of 62 seeds per plant). Finally, strong correlation was noted between yield and phosphorus concentration in soil (r=0.94).
In dogs with congestive heart failure, is torasemide superior to furosemide as a first line diuretic treatment?
Authors: Packham Leo 
Published: November 2020

PICO question
In dogs with congestive heart failure, does the use of torasemide as a first line diuretic result in a superior survival time when compared to furosemide?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment
The number and type of study designs reviewed
Five studies were critically appraised, they were all prospective randomised controlled trials
Strength of evidence
Moderate
Outcomes reported
There is currently a lack of studies looking at comparing furosemide directly with torasemide in patients with congestive heart failure. There are many similarly drawn conclusions from the studies: torasemide is not inferior to furosemide in the treatment of CHF, torasemide is comparable to furosemide at one tenth the dose (or less) and that torasemide may be more effective at diuresis than furosemide with a prolonged duration of action
Conclusion
There is currently no clear and obvious benefit for the use of torasemide, over furosemide, as a first line diuretic for dogs with congestive heart failure

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision-making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care
Challenges in ESP Operation in Ultra-Deepwater Heavy Oil Atlanta Field
Authors: Tavares Alexandre , Rocha Paulo Sérgio , Santos Marcelo Paulino , Neto Salvador Alves , Matos João Siqueira , Lemos Daniel Gruenbaum , Freitas Marcelo Matheus , Martins Luiz Alexandre , Daun Leandro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Atlanta is a post-salt oil field located offshore Brazil in the Santos Basin, 185 km southeast of Rio de Janeiro. The combination of ultra-deepwater (1,550 m) and heavy and viscous oil (14 °API and 228 cP at reservoir conditions) composes a unique challenging scenario for Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) application. The paper discusses the performance of the ESP system utilizing field data and software simulations.
The in-well ESP is the main production method and mudline ESP boosting is the backup one. Both concepts proved to be effective artificial lift solutions for the harsh flowing conditions. The in-well ESP is installed inside a capsule in a close to horizontal slant section of around 70 m. The mudline ESP boosting is readily available to become the main production method in case the in-well ESP fails.
This paper discusses the challenges and solutions that proved to be successful after more than 18 months of continuous production. Software simulations and continuous production monitoring were key factors for system modeling and optimization.
One of the most powerful ESPs installed inside a well worldwide to produce heavy and viscous oil from an unconsolidated reservoir represents a step forward in ultra-deepwater production system boundaries. The concept of having the mudline system as backup is also an innovative step for the offshore oil and gas industry.
Two production periods are presented with very distinct and unusual characteristics: (i) one producing 12,500 bpd of a high viscous, high Gas Void Fraction (GVF), low inlet pressure and temperature crude through two mudline ESP boosting systems and (ii) another one producing 30,000 bpd through three in-well ESPs.
Differences in the Gut Microbiomes of Distinct Ethnicities Within the Same Geographic Area Are Linked to Host Metabolic Health
Authors: Ang Qi Yan , Alba Diana L , Upadhyay Vaibhav , Bisanz Jordan E. , Cai Jingwei , Lee Ho Lim , Barajas Eliseo , Wei Grace , Patterson Andrew D. , Koliwad Suneil K. , Turnbaugh Peter James 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe human gut microbiota exhibits marked variation around the world, which has been attributed to dietary intake and other environmental factors. However, the degree to which ethnicity-associated differences in gut microbial community structure and function are maintained following immigration or in the context of metabolic disease is poorly understood.ResultsWe conducted a multi-omic study of 46 lean and obese East Asian (EA) and White (W) participants living in the San Francisco Bay Area. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed significant differences between ethnic groups in bacterial richness and community structure. W individuals were enriched for the mucin-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila. EA participants had increased levels of multiple Bacteroidetes species, fermentative pathways detected by metagenomics, and the short-chain fatty acid end products acetate, propionate, and isobutyrate. Differences in the gut microbiota between the EA and W groups could not be explained by reported dietary intake, were more pronounced for lean individuals, and were associated with current geographical location. Microbiome transplantations into germ-free mice confirmed that the differences in the gut microbiota of the EA and W individuals we analyzed are indeed independent of diet and that they differentially impact host body weight and adiposity in genetically identical mouse recipients.Conclusions﻿The reported findings emphasize the utility of studying diverse ethnic groups within a defined geographical location and provide a starting point for dissecting the mechanisms contributing to the complex interactions between the gut microbiome and ethnicity-associated lifestyle, demographic, metabolic, and genetic factors.
CNS Inflammation Induced by Lipopolysaccharide Up-Regulates Hepatic Hepcidin Expression by Activating IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in Mice
Authors: zhang fali , zhao peng , Qian zhongming , zhong mingkang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLPS triggers inflammation response in periphery, whether the infection in CNS induced by LPS ICV injection affected the peripheral iron metabolism was unknown , The current study was to find out whether LPS injected to the brain could regulate hepcidin expression in liver and peripheral iron metabolism. MethodsWide type mice (IL-6+/+) and IL-6-/- mice of 8-week-old were performed on ICV injection with LPS. After 6h, hepcidin expression in liver, as well as serum iron and transferrin saturation was detected and calculated, we also tested the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway in hepcidin regulation in liver of IL-6 knockout (IL-6-/- mice) and IL-6+/+ mice, AG490 as an inhibitor of JAK2 was used to confirm the effect of IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway on hepcidin expression in liver. ResultsHepcidin mRNA, IL-6 mRNA and protein expression in the liver of IL-6-/- mice was significantly lower than IL-6+/+ mice after LPS administration. IL-6 deficiency abolished the decrease of serum iron, transferrin saturation induced by LPS injection. IL-6 deficiency also abolished the decrease of Fpn1, increase of pSTAT3 and Ft-L protein in liver. AG490 significantly reduced the pSTAT3 protein and abolished the changes of Fpn1 and Ft-L expression induced by LPS in liver. ConclusionThese finding provided further evidence that the effect of central inflammation on the hepatic hepcidin expression and peripheral iron metabolism.
Safety and Effectiveness of Switching to Abacavir/Lamivudine Plus Rilpivirine for Maintenance Therapy in Virologically Suppressed HIV-1 Patients in Singapore (SEALS)
Authors: Lim Alvin ZC , SR Grace , Ang Junhao , Teng Christine BC , Ang Li Wei , Lee Cheng Chuan , Leo Yee Sin , Law Hwa Lin , Ng Oon-Tek , Wong Chen Seong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe efficacy and tolerability of an antiretroviral regimen are important considerations for selection of HIV-1 infection maintenance therapy. Abacavir/lamivudine plus rilpivirine (ABC/3TC+RPV) has been shown in international studies to be effective and well-tolerated in virologically suppressed patients. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of switching to ABC/3TC+RPV as maintenance therapy in virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected patients in Singapore.MethodsIn this retrospective, single-centre study, we included patients who were prescribed ABC/3TC+RPV, had HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml immediately pre-switch, and had no documented history of resistance mutations or virologic failure to any of the components. Patients were followed up for 48+12 weeks. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who maintained virologic suppression of HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/ml at the end of follow-up period based on on-treatment analysis. The secondary outcomes were the resistance profiles associated with virologic failure, changes in immunologic and metabolic parameters, and the safety profile of ABC/3TC+RPV.ResultsA total of 222 patients were included in the study. The primary outcome was achieved in 197 patients [88.8%, 95% confidence interval: 83.7%-92.4%]. There were 21 patients (9.5%) who discontinued treatment for non-virologic reasons. The remaining 4 patients experienced virologic failure, of whom, 3 of these patients had developed emergent antiretroviral resistance and had HIV-1 RNA >500 copies/ml at the end of the 48+12 weeks follow-up period. The remaining patient experienced sustained low level viremia and subsequently achieved viral suppression without undergoing resistance testing. A total of 49 adverse events were observed in 31 out of 222 patients (14.0%), which led to 13 patients discontinuing therapy. Neuropsychiatric adverse events were most commonly observed (57.1%). A statistically significant increase in CD4 was observed (p<0.01), with a median absolute change of 31 cells/uL (interquartile range: -31.50 to 140.75). No significant changes in lipid profiles were detected. ConclusionABC/3TC+RPV is a safe and effective switch option for maintenance therapy in virologically suppressed HIV-1 patients with in Singapore.
Gene expression profiles following active HE4 stimulation in epithelial ovarian cancer cells: microarray study and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhu Liancheng , Tan Mingzi , Xu Haoya , Lin Bei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is a novel serum biomarker for diagnosing epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with high specificity and sensitivity, compared with CA125. Recent studies have focused on the roles of HE4 in promoting carcinogenesis and chemoresistance in EOC; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its action remain poorly understood. This study was conducted to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying HE4 stimulation and identifying key genes and pathways mediating carcinogenesis in EOC by microarray and bioinformatics analysis.Methods: We established a stable HE4-silenced ES-2 ovarian cancer cell line labeled as “S”; the S cells were stimulated with the active HE4 protein, yielding cells labeled as “S4”. Human whole-genome microarray analysis was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in S4 and S cells. The “clusterProfiler” package in R, DAVID, Metascape, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to perform gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis, and cBioPortal was used for WFDC2 coexpression analysis. The GEO dataset (GSE51088) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to validate the results. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and modular analyses were performed using Metascape and Cytoscape, respectively. Results: In total, 713 DEGs were identified (164 upregulated and 549 downregulated) and further analyzed by GO, pathway enrichment, and PPI analyses. We found that the MAPK pathway accounted for a significant large number of the enriched terms. WFDC2 coexpression analysis revealed ten WFDC2-coexpressed genes (TMEM220A, SEC23A, FRMD6, PMP22, APBB2, DNAJB4, ERLIN1, ZEB1, RAB6B, and PLEKHF1) whose expression levels were dramatically altered in S4 cells; this was validated using the GSE51088 dataset. Kaplan–Meier survival statistics revealed that all 10 target genes were clinically significant. Finally, in the PPI network, 16 hub genes and 8 molecular complex detections (MCODEs) were identified; the seeds of the five most significant MCODEs were subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses and their clinical relevance was evaluated.Conclusions: Through microarray and bioinformatics analyses, we identified DEGs and determined a comprehensive gene network following active HE4 stimulation in EOC cells. We proposed several possible mechanisms underlying the action of HE4 and identified the therapeutic and prognostic targets of HE4 in EOC.
Antidepressant-like Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Insights from Relieves Neuroinflammation Mediated by P2X7R in Rat Model of Chronic Unpredicted Mild Stress
Authors: Wang Yu , Meng Hong , Li Shaoyuan , He Xun , Zhang Yue , Wei Ruhan , Guo Xiao , Zhao Bin , Zhang Jinling , Hou Liwei , Wang Junying , Rong Peijing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: As a prevalent mental health condition, depression is believed to be mediated by stress-induced neuroinflammation. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been used in the treatment of depression as the latest neuromodulation therapy. However, the antidepressant mechanism of the treatment at the molecular level is still unclear. Our previous study evaluated the effectiveness of the taVNS in antidepressant-like behavior. The objective of this study is to explore the role of P2X7R mediated hippocampal neuroinflammation in taVNS’s antidepressant effect. Methods: Rat depression model was established by using a chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) method for five weeks. Starting from the 3rd week, taVNS intervention was applied through an electroacupuncture apparatus (HANS-100A, 2/15 Hz, 2mA) for 30 minutes every day for three weeks. Body weight test (BWT) and behavioral assessments such as open field test (OFT) and sucrose preference test (SPT) were conducted on days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35. The protein levels of P2X7R, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the hippocampus were examined using western blot. Moreover, P2X7R expressing cells were detected using immunohistochemistry.Results: The results showed that CUMS induced body weight loss and depression-like behavior in rats. Hippocampal neuroinflammation was upregulated, which was manifested in the higher expression of P2X7R, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18. Interestingly, 3 weeks of the taVNS significantly reduced the depression-like behaviors and strengthen the growth of the body, and the CUMS-induced expression of P2X7R, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 was attenuated. We also found that P2X7R was expressed in microglia of the hippocampus.Conclusion: In summary, the taVNS has antidepressant effect. It alleviates hippocampal neuroinflammation, which may be related to the regulation of the initial signal of P2X7R.
A moderated-mediation model of fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sood Sarita , Sharma Ananya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A sudden outbreak of diseases poses a serious threat to mental health. Relying on strengths might mitigate negative mental health outcomes and promote positive mental health. Prior research suggests a potential moderated mediation effect between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being. Based on the Complete State Model and the Competence-Based Model of mental health, this study examined the relationship between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being through perceived distress moderated by resilience in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires was employed. Data were collected online from 384 participants ( 270 females and 114 males, age range= 15 to 29 years). The participants had indirect exposure to COVID-19 through information from the media. Results demonstrated that fear of illness significantly predicts subjective psychological well-being both directly and indirectly. In addition, the moderated mediation effect of resilience was confirmed. Resilience moderated the indirect effect between fear of illness and subjective psychological well-being through perceived distress. The magnitude of the indirect effect was contingent on resilience. Further, the effect of perceived distress on subjective psychological well-being is weakened as the level of resilience increases. This study contributes theoretically to a better understanding of the salutogenic effect of resilience on positive mental health during a pandemic. Based on the findings, implications and future directions are discussed.
Prognosis of Alzheimer’s disease; what do patients and care partners want to know?
Authors: Mank Arenda , Maurik Ingrid S van , Bakker Els D , Glind Esther MM van de , Jönsson Linus , Kramberger Milica , Novak Petr , Diaz Ana , Gove Dianne , Scheltens Philip , Flier Wiesje M van der , Visser Leonie NC 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Prognostic studies in the context of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mainly predicted time to dementia. However, it is questionable whether onset of dementia is the most relevant outcome along the AD disease trajectory from the perspective of patients and their care partners. Therefore, we aimed to identify the most relevant outcomes from the viewpoint of patients and care partners. Methods: We used a two-step, mixed-methods approach. As a first step we conducted four focus groups in the Netherlands to elicit a comprehensive list of outcomes considered important by patients (n=12) and care partners (n=14) in the prognosis of AD. The focus groups resulted in a list of 59 items, divided into five categories. Next, in an online European survey, we asked participants (n=232; 99 patients, 133 care partners) to rate the importance of all 59 items (5-point Likert scale). As participants were likely to rate a large number of outcomes as ‘important’ (4) or ‘very important’ (5), we subsequently asked them to select the three items they considered most important. Results: The top-10 lists of items most frequently mentioned as ‘most important’ by patients and care partners were merged into one core outcome list, comprising 13 items. Both patients and care partners selected outcomes from the category ‘cognition’ most often, followed by items in the categories ‘functioning and dependency’ and ‘physical health’. No items from the category ‘behavior and neuropsychiatry’ and ‘social environment’ ended up in our core list of relevant outcomes.Conclusions: We identified a core list of outcomes relevant to patients and care partner, and found that prognostic information related to cognitive decline, dependency, and physical health are considered most relevant by both patients and their care partners.
Energy Efficient Routing for Multi-hop Clustered Wireless Sensor Network with SWIPT
Authors: Han Shu , Liu Xiaoming , Huang Hongyu , Wang Fei , Zhong Yuanhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper considers combining simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique and routing technique, and applying them to multi-hop clustered wireless sensor networks (MCWSN), where each node can decode information and harvest energy from a received radio frequency signal. And the relay nodes in MCWSN can utilize the harvest energy to forward data to their next hop nodes according to the routing scheme. First, we formulate an energy-efficient routing problem of MCWSN with SWIPT. Then, a heuristic energy efficient cooperative SWIPT routing algorithm (EECSR) is presented to find a transmission path with the maximum energy efficiency. Specifically, In EECSR, the resource allocation problem in each hop of the path is transformed to some equivalent convex optimization problems, which are resolved via dual decomposition. Moreover, a distributed routing protocol based on EECSR is proposed.As far as we know, this is the first solution that considers energy efficiency optimization based on routing and SWIPT in MCWSN. Simulation results show that our EECSR algorithm has high energy efficiency and good robustness. And our distributed routing protocol has better real-time performance than traditional protocols.