bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen Storage in Carbon and Oxygen Co‐Doped Porous Boron Nitrides
Authors: Weng Qunhong , Zeng Lula , Chen Zhiwei , Han Yuxin , Jiang Kang , Bando Yoshio , Golberg Dmitri 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFuel cell vehicles powered by hydrogen are particularly attractive and competitive among rapidly developing new energy‐driven automobiles. One critical problem for this type of vehicles is the high cost for hydrogen storage due to the lack of efficient and low‐pressure hydrogen storage technologies. In the frame of development of hydrogen physisorption‐relied materials, attention has mostly been paid to the textural designs of porous materials, including specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size. However, based on the hydrogen physisorption mechanism, hydrogen adsorption energy on a material surface is another key factor with regard to hydrogen uptake capacity. Herein, solid experimental evidences are provided and it is also proven that the chemical states of porous boron nitride (BN) materials remarkably affect their hydrogen adsorption performances. The developed carbon and oxygen co‐doped BN microsponges exhibit the hydrogen uptake capacity per specific surface area of 2.5–4.7 times larger than those of undoped BN structures. These results show the importance of chemical state modulations on the future designs of high‐performance hydrogen adsorbents based on physisorption approaches.
Angular‐Independent Photonic Pigments via the Controlled Micellization of Amphiphilic Bottlebrush Block Copolymers
Authors: Zhao Tianheng H. , Jacucci Gianni , Chen Xi , Song Dong‐Po , Vignolini Silvia , Parker Richard M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhotonic materials with angular‐independent structural color are highly desirable because they offer the broad viewing angles required for application as colorants in paints, cosmetics, textiles, or displays. However, they are challenging to fabricate as they require isotropic nanoscale architectures with only short‐range correlation. Here, porous microparticles with such a structure are produced in a single, scalable step from an amphiphilic bottlebrush block copolymer. This is achieved by exploiting a novel “controlled micellization” self‐assembly mechanism within an emulsified toluene‐in‐water droplet. By restricting water permeation through the droplet interface, the size of the pores can be precisely addressed, resulting in structurally colored pigments. Furthermore, the reflected color can be tuned to reflect across the full visible spectrum using only a single polymer (Mn = 290 kDa) by altering the initial emulsification conditions. Such “photonic pigments” have several key advantages over their crystalline analogues, as they provide isotropic structural coloration that suppresses iridescence and improves color purity without the need for either refractive index matching or the inclusion of a broadband absorber.
DNA Nanostructures and DNA‐Functionalized Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Nicolson Fay , Ali Akbar , Kircher Moritz F. , Pal Suchetan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the last two decades, DNA has attracted significant attention toward the development of materials at the nanoscale for emerging applications due to the unparalleled versatility and programmability of DNA building blocks. DNA‐based artificial nanomaterials can be broadly classified into two categories: DNA nanostructures (DNA‐NSs) and DNA‐functionalized nanoparticles (DNA‐NPs). More importantly, their use in nanotheranostics, a field that combines diagnostics with therapy via drug or gene delivery in an all‐in‐one platform, has been applied extensively in recent years to provide personalized cancer treatments. Conveniently, the ease of attachment of both imaging and therapeutic moieties to DNA‐NSs or DNA‐NPs enables high biostability, biocompatibility, and drug loading capabilities, and as a consequence, has markedly catalyzed the rapid growth of this field. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent progress of DNA‐NSs and DNA‐NPs as theranostic agents, the use of DNA‐NSs and DNA‐NPs as gene and drug delivery platforms, and a perspective on their clinical translation in the realm of oncology.
Templated‐Construction of Hollow MoS2 Architectures with Improved Photoresponses
Authors: Gao Chao , Han Yingdong , Zhang Kun , Wei Tian , Jiang Zhang , Wei Yang , Yin Lisha , Piccinelli Fabio , Yao Cheng , Xie Xiaoji , Bettinelli Marco , Huang Ling 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite the outstanding optoelectronic properties of MoS2 and its analogues, synthesis of such materials with desired features including fewer layers, arbitrary hollow structures, and particularly specifically customized morphologies, via inorganic reactions has always been challenging. Herein, using predesigned lanthanide‐doped upconversion luminescent materials (e.g., NaYF4:Ln) as templates, arbitrary MoS2 hollow structures with precisely defined morphologies, widely variable dimensions, and very small shell thickness (≈2.5 nm) are readily constructed. Most importantly, integration of the near‐infrared‐responsive template significantly improves the photoresponse of up to 600 fold in device made of NaYF4:Yb/Er@MoS2 compared with that of MoS2 nanosheets under 980 nm laser illumination. Multichannel optoelectronic device is further fabricated by simply changing luminescent ions in the template, e.g., NaYF4:Er@MoS2, operating at 1532 nm light excitation with a 276‐fold photoresponse enhancement. The simple chemistry, easy operation, high reliability, variable morphologies, and wide universality represent the most important advantages of this novel strategy that has not been accessed before.
Highly Durable Piezoelectric Nanogenerator by Heteroepitaxy of GaN Nanowires on Cu Foil for Enhanced Output Using Ambient Actuation Sources
Authors: Johar Muhammad Ali , Waseem Aadil , Hassan Mostafa Afifi , Bagal Indrajit V. , Abdullah Ameer , Ha Jun‐Seok , Ryu Sang‐Wan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHighly durable piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) with high conversion efficiency and high power density are of great interest. Here, a foldable, scalable, durable, cost‐effective, sensitive, and high current output PENG developed by the direct integration of van der Waals heteroepitaxial growth of GaN nanowires (NWs) by metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition using a graphene coating on a Cu‐foil is reported where the direct growth of GaN on the metallic substrate plays a key role in achieving the high stability of the PENG. The PENG provides a durable and highly sensitive output compared to the previously reported GaN NW‐based PENGs fabricated by transferring NWs onto a foreign substrate. The reported PENG can harvest energy from a variety of ambient actuation sources such as bending, vibrations, air flow, finger pressing, foot striking, fluid flow, and normal force by weights, with the maximum piezoelectric output voltage and current density recorded as 19.7 V and 1.9 mA cm−2, respectively. Due to its high conversion efficiency, the PENG can power several LEDs and thus can be used to power electronic devices. More importantly, the PENG retains its performance after more than 4 million actuation cycles, demonstrating the potential of the design for practical applications using biomechanical and ambient actuation sources for self‐powered systems.
Commodity procurement as contingent claims: Capturing risk and real options in flour milling
Authors: Wilson William W. , Klebe Jesse 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProcurement, inventory, and stockholding strategies are important functions for agricultural commodity processing and trading. This paper's purpose is to develop an optimal inventory strategy for wheat in flour milling by considering the risks in margins and demand. We develop a model that views buffer stocks as real options for future sales. The model was applied to a representative wheat flour mill in the Upper Midwest and used prices for inputs, outputs, margins, and associated distributions and correlations. The base case results indicated that the optimal buffer stocks should be 20% more than expected demand in the base case, and vary in a logical way with changes in demand, market carry, and stockout penalties. Implications from these results illustrate that stockholding is an important element of agricultural processing. This approach indicates that managers should strategically manage inventory positions and purchases that result in buffer stocks. [EconLit citations: C6, L1, L7, L9, Q12, Q14]
Dried blood spot collection, sample quality, and fieldwork conditions: Structural validations for conversion into standard values
Authors: Börsch‐Supan Axel , Weiss Luzia M. , Börsch‐Supan Martina , Potter Alan J. , Cofferen Jake , Kerschner Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesSHARE, a pan‐European panel study in 27 European countries and Israel, has collected dried blood spot (DBS) samples from approximately 27 000 respondents in 13 countries. We aim to obtain factors to convert analyte values between DBS and venous blood samples (VBS) taking account of adverse fieldwork conditions such as small spot size, high temperature and humidity, short drying time and long shipment times.MethodsWe obtained VBS and DBS from a set of 20 donors in a laboratory setting, and treated the DBS in a systematic and controlled fashion simulating SHARE fieldwork conditions. We used the 3420 outcomes to estimate from DBS analyte values the values that we would have obtained had it been feasible to collect and analyze the donors' venous blood samples.ResultsThe influence of field conditions and sample quality on DBS analyte values is significant and differs among assays. Varying spot size is the main challenge and affects all markers except HbA1c. Smaller spots lead to overly high measured levels. A missing desiccant is detrimental for all markers except CRP and tHb. The temperature to which the samples are exposed plays a significant role for HDL and CysC, while too brief a drying time affects CRP and CysC. Lab‐based adjustment formulae only accounting for the differences between re‐liquefied DBS and venous blood do not address these fieldwork conditions.ConclusionsBy simulating adverse fieldwork conditions in the lab, we were able to validate DBS collected under such conditions and established conversion formulae with high prediction accuracy.
Präzise Abstandsmessungen in DNA‐G‐Quadruplex‐Dimeren und Sandwichkomplexen über gepulste dipolare EPR‐Spektroskopie
Authors: Stratmann Lukas M. , Kutin Yury , Kasanmascheff Müge , Clever Guido H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDNA‐G‐Quadruplexe weisen eine starke Tendenz zur Bildung übergeordneter Strukturen, wie π‐π‐gestapelte Dimere oder Aggregate, mit aromatischen Bindungspartnern auf. Verlässliche Methoden zur Strukturaufklärung dieser nicht‐kovalenten Addukte sind rar. Hier verwenden wir künstliche, quadratisch‐planare Cu(Pyridin)4‐Komplexe, die kovalent in tetramolekulare G‐Quadruplexe eingebaut werden, als rigide Spinmarker zum Nachweis dimerer Strukturen und zur Messung intermolekularer Cu2+‐Cu2+‐Abstände mithilfe gepulster dipolarer EPR‐Spektroskopie. Eine Reihe Schwanz‐zu‐Schwanz‐ oder Kopf‐zu‐Kopf‐gestapelter G‐Quadruplex‐Dimere konnte zweifelsfrei voneinander unterschieden werden. Gemessene Abstände stimmen sehr gut mit Ergebnissen aus Moleküldynamiksimulationen überein. Zudem wurde die Interkalation zweier bekannter G‐Quadruplexbinder, PIPER und Telomestatin, untersucht. In den Sandwichkomplexen konnten bislang unbekannte Bindungsmodi aufgedeckt werden. Zudem belegen wir, dass auch freie G‐Tetraden in Dimere interkalieren können. Unser Ansatz der Übergangsmetall‐basierten Markierung in Kombination mit gepulster EPR‐Spektroskopie öffnet neue Möglichkeiten zur Strukturanalyse nicht‐kovalenter DNA‐Aggregate.
Tunable‐Emission Amorphous Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Polymers Based on Thermoreversible Dynamic Covalent Bonds
Authors: Lin Xiaohan , Wang Jie , Ding Bingbing , Ma Xiang , Tian He 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPure organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials are useful for photoelectric, biochemical devices, and bioimaging sensors. In the last few years, dynamic covalent chemistry has aroused substantial attention as it offers a way to create intelligent materials with feedback and response functions. Through a Diels–Alder reaction, a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between dienes and dienophiles, three polymers were synthesized that can be reversibly transformed by thermally reversible dynamic covalent bonds. All polymers show decent RTP emission with different colors. For the poly‐Br‐An solid, the absolute phosphorescence quantum yield reaches up to 12 %. This study provides a new method for the rational design and synthesis of tunable‐emission organic RTP materials via dynamic covalent bonds.
Anaesthetic management of an emergency caesarean section in a complex immunologically compromised patient with pre‐eclampsia and multifactorial thrombocytopaenia
Authors: Judge A. , O'Shaughnessy S. , McCaul C. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryA 35‐year‐old gravida 3, para 0 woman required an emergency caesarean section for pre‐eclampsia with severe features including a platelet count of 7 × 109.l−1. The patient's thrombocytopaenia was an acute on chronic presentation. In addition to pre‐eclampsia, the patient had a complex background history which included autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, the manifestations of which include autoimmune cytopaenias and recurrent infections. The patient also had common variable immune deficiency and acquired C1‐esterase inhibitor deficiency which may cause life‐threatening angioedema, including of the airway. In this report, we describe the potential anaesthetic challenges posed by this pre‐eclamptic, immunologically compromised patient with severe thrombocytopaenia and the potential for difficult airway, and how these were addressed in a safe and timely manner. Specifically, we highlight the important considerations when performing a general anaesthetic in this unique combination of circumstances. Although the patient's conditions are rare, this case demonstrates that early multidisciplinary team input can help successfully guide the management of medically complex pregnant patients.
Effects of asphalt emulsion on calcium silicate hydrate gel: Morphology and porosity
Authors: Zeng Xiaohui , Zhu Huasheng , Lan Xuli , Liu Haichuan , Long Guangcheng , Ma Cong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel and calcium silicate hydrate doped with asphalt emulsion (EACSH) were synthesised using Na2SiO3•9H2O, Ca (NO3)2•4H2O, NaOH, deionised water and anionic asphalt emulsion. N2 isothermal adsorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study the effect of asphalt emulsion on morphology and porosity of CSH. The Frenkel–Halsey–Hill (FHH) model was used to analyse the surface fractal characteristics. The results showed that the asphalt emulsion had little effects on the change of specific surface areas and the distribution of the micropores for CSH gel, which may be related to the absence of the intercalation reaction and the “opening” effect. The asphalt emulsion could promote the formation of mesoporous hydrated calcium silicate and decreased the number of mesopores in CSH gel but had little effects on the macroporous and microporous structure of CSH. The calculation results of the FHH model showed that the fractal characteristics between CSH and EACSH were different. The emulsifier may adsorb CSH gels result in globular accumulation state.
Improving iodine adsorption performance of porous organic polymers by rational decoration with nitrogen heterocycle
Authors: Wang Yu‐Ting , An Lian‐Cai , Zhang Yun‐Qin , Zhang Xin‐Kun , Gao Zhu‐Feng , Zhang Ying‐Hui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFour kinds of porous aminal‐linked organic polymers (PAOPs) were synthesized via one‐step condensation between cheap melamine and respective aldehydes decorated with different nitrogen heterocycle, to evaluate the influence of nitrogen heterocycle on the adsorption performance of target polymer toward iodine. Though having the smallest surface area of 209.9 m2/g, PAOP‐4 decorated with pyridine group exhibits an adsorption capacity of 108 wt% (iodine/adsorbent weight%), surpassing other three PAOPs with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller area varying from 305.8 to 533.0 m2/g. Based on Raman spectral analyses, the characteristic band of I3− and I5− was used to evaluate the electronic interaction between iodine and the nitrogen heterocycle, giving an order of pyridine > tetrazole > pyrazole > imidazole. This manifests the vital role of chemical interaction playing in the iodine adsorption by PAOP‐4, which is much helpful for designing high‐performance organic adsorbent toward iodine.
Assessment of high performanceSAPO‐34/S‐PEEKcomposite coatings for adsorption heat pumps
Authors: Calabrese Luigi , Palamara Davide , Bruzzaniti Paolo , Proverbio Edoardo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this work, a new composite adsorbent coating on aluminum support, based on SAPO34 zeolite filler embedded into sulfonate polyether ether ketone matrix is investigated for adsorption heat pumps (AHP) applications. Composite zeolite/polymer mixtures, with 80–95 wt% content of SAPO‐34 zeolite filler have been prepared and coated on aluminum substrates. The as prepared coatings showed a pull‐off adhesion strength up to 2.0 MPa, significantly higher than conventional values of composite zeolite coatings reported in the literature. Scanning electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that the coating has a homogeneous morphology with zeolite filler well interconnected in the composite coating structure. Water adsorption isobars were carried out at equilibrium in the temperature range 30–120°C. The best adsorption performances for AHPs applications were observed for the PZ‐95 batch, where a maximum water uptake of ∼29.0 wt% was reached, highlighting that the polymer matrix presence does not alter the zeolite adsorption capability (31.3 wt%).
Development and validation of a QTrap method for sensitive quantification of sphingosine 1‐phosphate
Authors: Müller Tina , Gräler Markus H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSphingosine 1‐phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive phospholipid and ligand for five G protein‐coupled cell‐surface receptors designated S1PR1–5. The determination of low levels of S1P remains a challenge and usually requires sophisticated analytical instrumentation and methodology. This report describes a technique using the linear ion trap mode of a basic QTrap triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometer. S1P was extracted from acidified biological samples using a modified Folch extraction procedure. After the addition of C17‐sphingosine as an internal standard, a step gradient LC method was used to separate the analytes on a reversed‐phase C18 MultoHigh analytical column. After the internal standard C17‐sphingosine was detected by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), the detection mode was switched to enhanced product ion (EPI) mode for the detection of S1P. The mode was switched back to MRM again for the detection of other analytes. Using this QTrap method, we reached a limit of detection of 1 nM and a limit of quantification of 3 nM for S1P, which was up to 30 times more sensitive than the MRM mode with the same instrument. Intra‐day precision ranged between −3.8 and 6.3%, and inter‐day precision was between −13.8 and 3.3%, depending on the spiked S1P concentration.
Pulmonary artery and lung parenchymal growth following early versus delayed stent interventions in a swine pulmonary artery stenosis model
Authors: Pewowaruk Ryan , Hermsen Joshua , Johnson Cody , Erdmann Alexandra , Pettit Kevin , Aesif Scott , Ralphe J. Carter , Francois Christopher J. , Roldán‐Alzate Alejandro , Lamers Luke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesCompare lung parenchymal and pulmonary artery (PA) growth and hemodynamics following early and delayed PA stent interventions for treatment of unilateral branch PA stenosis (PAS) in swine.BackgroundHow the pulmonary circulation remodels in response to different durations of hypoperfusion and how much growth and function can be recovered with catheter directed interventions at differing time periods of lung development is not understood.MethodsA total of 18 swine were assigned to four groups: Sham (n = 4), untreated left PAS (LPAS) (n = 4), early intervention (EI) (n = 5), and delayed intervention (DI) (n = 5). EI had left pulmonary artery (LPA) stenting at 5 weeks (6 kg) with redilation at 10 weeks. DI had stenting at 10 weeks. All underwent right heart catheterization, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and histology at 20 weeks (55 kg).ResultsEI decreased the extent of histologic changes in the left lung as DI had marked alveolar septal and bronchovascular abnormalities (p = .05 and p < .05 vs. sham) that were less prevalent in EI. EI also increased left lung volumes and alveolar counts compared to DI. EI and DI equally restored LPA pulsatility, R heart pressures, and distal LPA growth. EI and DI improved, but did not normalize LPA stenosis diameter (LPA/DAo ratio: Sham 1.27 ± 0.11 mm/mm, DI 0.88 ± 0.10 mm/mm, EI 1.01 ± 0.09 mm/mm) and pulmonary blood flow distributions (LPA‐flow%: Sham 52 ± 5%, LPAS 7 ± 2%, DI 44 ± 3%, EI 40 ± 2%).ConclusionIn this surgically created PAS model, EI was associated with improved lung parenchymal development compared to DI. Longer durations of L lung hypoperfusion did not detrimentally affect PA growth and R heart hemodynamics. Functional and anatomical discrepancies persist despite successful stent interventions that warrant additional investigation.
Photophysical Properties of 4‐Dicyanomethylene‐2‐methyl‐6‐(p‐dimethylamino‐styryl)‐4H‐pyran Revisited: Fluorescence versus Photoisomerization
Authors: Casimiro Lorenzo , Maisonneuve Stéphane , Retailleau Pascal , Silvi Serena , Xie Juan , Métivier Rémi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Juan Xie, Rémi Métivier and co‐workers at Université Paris‐Saclay and Università di Bologna. The image depicts the fluorescence of the DCM molecule reported in this manuscript. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202002828.
Uranyl Phosphonates with Multiple Uranyl Coordination Geometries and Low Temperature Phase Transition
Authors: Chen Lanhua , Zhang Yugang , Weng Zhehui , Liu Zhiyong , Zhang Jiarong , Wang Yaxing , Wang Shuao 
Published: October 2020

Main observation and conclusionTwo new uranium(VI) phosphonate compounds, namely K8[N(C2H5)4]2(UO2)17(H2O)4[CH2(PO3)2]8[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)]4‧16(H2O) (1) and [N(C2H5)4]4(H3O)2(UO2)10[CH2(PO3)2]5[CH2(PO3)(PO3H)]2‧10H2O (2), have been synthesized under mild hydro/solvothermal condition. The structural analysis of the two compounds reveals that they both contain all three typical coordination geometries of the U(VI) ions, including UO6 tetragonal, UO7 pentagonal, and UO8 hexagonal bipyramids. Moreover, compound 1 displays a temperature‐induced single crystal to single crystal phase transformation as confirmed by the Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data collected at different temperatures. Temperature‐dependent fluorescence spectra presented herein illustrate the perturbation of the electronic structure of uranyl centers.