bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive bioinformatic analysis identified m6A methylation as an important regulator in mediating immune response during idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Liu Na , Zeng Yunhong , Huang Ting , Zuo Wanyun , Xiao Yunbin , Li Biao , Xiao Zhenghui , Liu Yaozhong , Liu Qiming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDespite its functional importance in various fundamental bioprocesses, studies of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in the pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are lacking. Here we studied the potential relevance of m6A RNA methylation and immune response in PAH development.MethodsWe constructed a monocrotaline (MCT) induced PAH rat model and performed Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq). The 18 idiopathic PAH (IPAH) microarray data obtained from the GEO database was used to construct co-expression networks by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). CIBERSORT was used to investigate the effect of m6A methylation on immune cell infiltration during PAH.ResultsA differential pattern of m6A abundance, mainly up-methylation, was observed in the lung tissues of rats with MCT induced PAH. By WGCNA, multi-list pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, we found that m6A methylation modification may play important roles in mediating immune response during PAH. CYBERSORT algorithm indicated that the m6A methylation can drive monocyte to form M1 macrophage, which may be mediated by CCR5 and CXCL9.ConclusionCollectively, m6A landscape is altered in PAH. We summarize newly discovered m6A in controlling immune response, which caused activation of M1 macrophage during PAH. It’s provided a novel insight into the therapeutic mechanisms of PAH.
Influence of Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Gene Expression in Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Costa-Silva Danylo Rafhael , Alves-Ribeiro Francisco Adelton , Barros-Oliveira Maria da Conceição , Campos-Verdes Larysse Cardoso , Pereira Renato de Oliveira , Tavares Cleciton Braga , Melo Mariella de Almeida , Cardoso Arquimedes Cavalcante , Coelho Eid Gonçalves , Lopes-Costa Pedro Vitor , Santos Alesse Ribeiro dos , Luz-Borges Victoria Maria , Viana Jackeline Lopes , Vasconcelos-Valença Rodrigo José de , Pinho-Sobral André Luiz , Sousa Emerson Brandão , Gebrim Luiz Henrique , Silva Benedito Borges da 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer, the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide, one of the major risk factors for breast cancer is genetic changes. Changes in the expression levels of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) gene have been associated with increased risk and aggressiveness of breast cancer. The IGF-1 gene encodes the IGF-1 peptide that is present in most human tissues, as in the normal and neoplastic mammary gland. Here, we conducted a systematic review to investigate the influence of IGF-1 gene expression levels in women with breast cancer.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies published between February 2 and May 15, 2019, using inclusion and exclusion criteria in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We analyzed the studies to find association between IGF-1gene expression and breast cancer.Results: A growing number of studies in women with breast cancer support, with controversial results, the influence of IGF-1 gene expression levels on clinical-pathological factors, disease-free survival, overall survival, and resistance to tamoxifen.Conclusions: Therefore, the elucidation of IGF-1 gene expression patterns through further studies may enable the characterization of women at high risk for breast cancer, as well as the development of effective prognostic and therapeutic strategies.
Assessment of the Academic Satisfaction of Graduate Students During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic, In An Internal Medicine Department.
Authors: Castro-Paris Rodrigo , Munoz-Velandia Oscar Mauricio , Garcia-Pena Angel Alberto , Fernández-Ávila Daniel Gerardo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDuring the SARS-CoV-2/ COVID-19 pandemic, academic activities have been adjusted to include virtual components. The impact on student satisfaction with their medical education, especially in graduate programs, is unknown.MethodsThe Internal Medicine Department of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and the Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, in Bogotá (Colombia), converted multiple theoretical academic activities to virtual modality, and modified the practical activities using technological platforms that allow remote participation of residents or teachers. A survey was designed to evaluate the satisfaction of residents in relation to the theoretical and practical components, and the perception of change.Results48 residents responded the survey. > 72 % reported being partially or totally satisfied with the organization, content of the activities, interdisciplinary approach and opportunity to discuss topics for the theoretical activities. When evaluating the care activities, 21.9 % of the residents reported not being satisfied with the preparation that those activities give for clinical practice and professional life, and 31.3 % with the interdisciplinary approach, and time to discuss the cases. > 72.9 % were satisfied with the technological tools used. The level of perceived stress worsened for 62.5 %, and the opportunity to develop and practice skills worsened for 64.6 % of those surveyed.ConclusionsDespite the high satisfaction with the theoretical activities and the technological tools used, residents consider that the implementation of remote academic activities is associated with higher levels of stress and fewer opportunities to develop and practice clinical skills. New strategies are needed to improve practical components while maintaining social distancing.
Patterns of physical activity, adherence to a wearable activity tracker during a 12-week intervention and correlation between physical activity and function in individuals with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Östlind Elin , Sant’Anna Anita , Eek Frida , Stigmar Kjerstin , Hansson Eva Ekvall 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOsteoarthritis is a common joint disorder causing pain, functional limitations and an increased risk of comorbidities. Physical activity (PA) is the standard treatment but the majority of individuals with OA do not meet the recommended levels of PA (150 min/week). Monitoring PA with a wearable activity tracker (WAT) could promote PA but increased knowledge on PA patterns and usage of a WAT is needed. The aim of this study was to describe PA patterns and adherence to using a WAT among participants of working age with hip and/or knee OA, during a 12-week intervention. In addition, this study explores the correlation between baseline joint function and subsequent PA.MethodsIndividuals of working age with hip and/or knee OA (n = 75) who used a WAT, Fitbit Flex 2, for 12 weeks as part of an intervention in a cluster-randomized controlled trial were included. Participants were encouraged to monitor their PA in the Fitbit-app. An activity goal of 7,000 steps per day was set. Activity data was collected from the Fitbit. HOOS/KOOS were completed at baseline.ResultsParticipants walked on average 10 593 (SD 3431) steps per day, spent 336.0 (SD 249.9) minutes in moderate/vigorous (MV) PA and used the Fitbit for 88.4% of the 12-week intervention period. Steps per day decreased significantly over the 12 weeks (β-coefficient − 117, 95% CI -166 to -68, p = < 0.001) as well as MVPA per week (β-coefficient − 3.5, 95% CI -6.5 to -0.5, p = 0.02) and adherence to using the Fitbit (β-coefficient − 1.3, 95% CI -1.8 to -0.8, p = < 0.001). There were no significant correlations between baseline function (HOOS/KOOS) and subsequent PA.ConclusionThe majority of participants reached 7,000 steps/day and the recommended 150 minutes in MVPA per week. However, weekly PA decreased gradually over time. Adherence to using the Fitbit was high but also decreased during the intervention. Understanding PA-patterns and the use of a Fitbit to promote PA could be beneficial in tailoring interventions for individuals with hip and/or knee OA.Trial registrationThe C-RCT was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration number: NCT03354091. Registered 11/27/2017.
Immunohistochemical Algorithms and Gene Expression Profiling in Primary Cutaneous B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Peluso Anna Lucia , Picariello Caterina , Cretella Pasquale , Cozzolino Immacolata , Caputo Alessandro , Triggiani Massimo , Puzziello Alessandro , Selleri Carmine , Pepe Stefano , Ieni Antonio , Baldi Carlo , Zeppa Pio 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: to assess whether immunohistochemical (IHC) algorithms used to classify the cell of origin (COO) of nodal Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (nDLBCL) in Germinal Center type (GCB) and non-GCB subtypes may be applied to Primary Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (PCBCL) too, and which of these algorithms performs better on PCBCL.Design: retrospective case control study.Setting: Pathology Department of the University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona” Salerno, Italy.Participants : fourteen PCBCL, including Primary Cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma (PCFCL) and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Leg type (PCDLBCL-LT) and 14 nDLBCL were evaluated for 7-year period (January 2011 to December 2017). Primary cutaneous marginal zone cell lymphoma (PCMZL) cases were not included in the present study. Intervention: evaluation of immunohistochemical CD10, BCL6, MUM1/IRF4, BCL2, MYC and Ki-67 expression and classification according to three different algorithms. Gene expression profiling (GEP) was performed on the same series using Lymph2Cx assay (Nanostring). The data obtained were compared and analysed.Results: all the IHC algorithms showed 13 GCB and 15 non-GCB. GEP showed 12 GCB, 12 activated B cell–type and 4 unclassified.Conclusions: the PCBCL were classifiable as GCB and non-GCB like the nDLBCL as IHC algorithms were concordant to GEP and produced the same results.
Enhancing Esthetics of Fixed Prosthesis in Anterior Region with an Innovative Pontic Design in conjunction with Periodontal Plastic Surgery- A Case Report
Authors: Dange Bhagyashree , Fernandes Carol 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe loss of anterior tooth leads to a volumetric deficit of soft and hard tissues, which causes an altered topography. This localized alveolar ridge defect in turn complicates the prosthetic rehabilitation and un-esthetic result might lead to patient’s social stigma. Such defects can be corrected by either soft or hard tissue augmentation, along with esthetic prosthesis.Case presentationThis case report describes the augmentation of the sub-epithelial soft tissue graft to rebuild the lost gingival contour for prosthetic rehabilitation missing tooth in esthetic region. The surgical “trap door” approach is explained in detail along with procedure to introduce innovative E pontic design in prosthesis.ConclusionThe ultimate goal of any prosthetic treatment is to enhance esthetics of patient thus aiding in his/her psychological health along with functional stabilization of the compromised arch. The periodontal surgery with gingival friendly prosthetic design increases esthetic outcome of the treatment.
Prospective Time Periodic Geographical Covid-19 Surveillance in Ethiopia Using a Space-time Scan Statistics: Detecting and Evaluating Emerging Clusters
Authors: Azmach Nuredin Nassir , Tesfahannes Tesfay Gebremariam , Abdulsemed Samiya Abrar , Hamza Temam Abrar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: On December 31, 2019, multiple pneumonia cases, subsequently identified as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was reported for the first time in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province in China. At that time, the Wuhan Municipal Health Commission had report 27 cases, of which seven are severely ill, and the remaining cases are stable and controllable. Since, then, the spread of COVID-19 has already taken on pandemic proportions, affecting over 100 countries in a matter of weeks. As of September 07, 2020, there had been more than 27 million confirmed cases and 889,000 total deaths, with an average mortality of about 3.3%, globally. In Ethiopia, 58,672 confirmed cases and 918 deaths and this number are likely to increase exponentially. It is critical to detect clusters of COVID-19 to better allocate resources and improve decision-making as the pandemics continue to grow.Methods: We have collected the individual-level information on patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 on daily bases from the official reports of the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), regional, and city government of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa health bureaus. Using the daily case data, we conducted a prospective space-time analysis with SaTScan version 9.6. We detect statistically significant space-time clusters of COVID-19 at the woreda and sub-city level in Ethiopia between March 13th-June 6th, 2020, and March 13th-June 24th, 2020.Results: The prospective space-time scan statistic detected “alive” and emerging clusters that are present at the end of our study periods; notably, nine more clusters were detected when adding the updated case data.Conclusions: These results can notify public health officials and decision-makers about where to improve the allocation of resources, testing areas; also, where to implement necessary isolation measures and travel bans. As more confirmed cases become available, the statistic can be rerun to support timely surveillance of COVID-19, demonstrated here. In Ethiopia, our research is the first geographic study that utilizes space-time statistics to monitor COVID-19.
The Influence of Family Function on State and Trait Anxiety of Chinese College Students During the Epidemic of COVID-19
Authors: Yang Lingping , Wu Miao , Wang Yuqi , Peng Bin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has a terrible impact worldwide, and more than 0.8 million people had died of it before September 2020. Many countries had taken many measures to against it, and one of the most effective methods was "stay-at-home" order. But staying at home for a long time is not good for human beings with social features, and that may lead to the occurrence of psychological diseases. Because of COVID-19, many people were forced to stay at home and spend more time with family members. As a special group of population, Chinese college student are more dependent on families, and their psychology, such as anxiety, may be more affected by family during the outbreak of COVID-19.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted online from March 14, 2020 to March 21, 2020.The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (ST-AI) and Chinese Family Function Scale (FAD-18) were used in this study. ANOVA was used in basic information. Path analysis was used to estimate the relationship among family function, state anxiety and trait anxiety.RESULTS: A total of 1039 respondents (695 females and 344 males) were included in the study. Their state anxiety scores were 39.28 and 36.84, respectively. The trait anxiety scores were 40.66 and 38.36, respectively. There were significant differences (p<0.01). But compared with the healthy norm, there was no significant difference. Except gender, there were significant differences (p<0.01) in state anxiety and trait anxiety between college students of medicine and art majors. In path analysis, the standard direct effect of family function on trait anxiety was 0.434(p< 0.001) in male group, 0.271(p< 0.001) in female group. While the standard direct and indirect effect of family function on state anxiety were not significant.CONCLUSIONS: This study found that during the outbreak of COVID-19, the state anxiety and trait anxiety of Chinese college students were related to gender and major. What’s more, family function had a great influence on anxiety. It is very important to pay attention to health function of family and psychological counseling for different genders and majors.
Dietary Linseed Supplementation Improves Meat Quality of Sheep by Altering Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Antioxidative Capacity
Authors: Hou Yanru , Liu Chang , Zhao Lihua , Bai Yanping , Dou Lu , Yao Duo , Jin Ye , Su Lin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In ruminants, due to the hydrogenation of the rumen, muscles contain a large amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA), which have a negative effect on meat quality. Linseed as a common oil crop which is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), it affected the deposition of PUFA. Unfortunately, PUFA can exert a negative influence on the oxidative stability of meat. Fortunately, linseed is not only rich in PUFA, but also rich in phenols, which are a good source of antioxidants. Therefore, linseed may be can serve as an effective feed additive to improve meat quality of sheep. The aim of this investigation was to establish the effects of dietary linseed supplementation on carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidative capacity of sheep. Results: Results of this study indicated that linseed supplementation significantly increased the loin-eye area, crude protein and ash. Reduced pH24h, L* and shear force. Moreover, linseed supplementation affected the relative content and enriched the kinds of volatile flavor substances. Increased mRNA expression of MyHC I and MyHC IIx, and a decrease in cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle fiber diameter was also observed. Additional changes included enhanced activity of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), decreased activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), increased total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) activity. The mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and catalase (CAT) were increased while malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased. Conclusions: The results suggest that linseed is an effective feed additive in improving meat quality. The underlying mechanism(s) for its effectiveness may be partly due to a change in muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidative capacity.
Evaluation of Human Milk Quality during its Distribution Flow at Neonatal Assistance Units
Authors: Nascimento Maria B.G. , Martins Lourdes C. , Draghi Patricia F. , Fonseca Fernando L.A. 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Premature babies have physiological vulnerabilities that influence their absorption
and digestion capacity, compromising their clinical condition. Human milk from human
milk banks has contributed enormously to providing these newborns with complete nutrition.

Objective:
To evaluate the quality of human milk collected at the Human Milk Bank during its distribution
in neonatal units.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, was carried out in a maternity hospital
with Human Milk Bank. After the pasteurization of milk and its consequent release to these
units, a new test was carried out for the analysis of acid titration, caloric and microbiological content.

Results:
Human Milk showed a decrease of approximately 20% in caloric content and a reduction
in acidity. Approximately 12.3% of the samples were contaminated by fecal coliforms.

Conclusion:
There is a need for a second moment of evaluation of human milk, after the flow, or
to rethink the new ways of preserving the initial quality of human milk.
Therapeutic Potential of Citrus sinensis Peels Against Rotenone Induced Parkinsonism in Rats
Authors: Hamed Manal , Aboul Naser Asmaa , Elbatanony Marwa , El-Feky Amal , Matloub Azza , El-Rigal Nagy , Khalil Wagdy 
Published: September 2020

Background:Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders spread worldwide in elderly people.Methods:The Citrus peels methanolic extract (100 mg/kg body weight) was evaluated as an antiparkinsonism agent in rats through estimation of oxidative stress markers, neurotransmitter levels, energetic indices, DNA fragmentation pattern, inflammatory mediators, adenosine A2A receptor gene expression and the histopathological analysis of the brain. In addition, its effect was compared with ZM241385; an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, as well as the classical drug; (L-dopa).Results:The methanolic extract of C. sinensis peels constituted 17.59 ± 1.92 mg GAE/g and 4.88 ± 0.43 mg CE/g of total phenolic and flavonoid content, respectively. The polyphenolic composition was qualified and quantified using HPLC/DAD and UPLC/ESI-MS analysis. HPLC/DAD analysis led to identify 8 phenolic acids and 4 flavonoids. UPLC/MS analysis led to identify 20 polyphenolic compounds, including 9 polymethoxylated flavoniods, 7 flavonoidal glycosides and 4 phenolic derivatives. Nobiletin and tangeretin were found as abundant polymethoxylated flavones while, hesperidin and 1-caffeoyl-β-D-glucose were found as abundant glycosyl flavone and phenolic derivatives, respectively. Rotenone induced rats showed a significant decrease in neurotransmitter levels, energetic and antioxidant parameters, while a significant increase in total protein, inflammatory mediators, adenosine A2A receptor gene expression, DNA and lipid peroxidation levels was recorded. Treatments with plant extract, L-dopa and ZM241385 restored these selected parameters to variable extents with a more potent effect of ZM241385 than L-dopa. Rotenone induced rats were left free without treatment; not recorded a noticeable improvement level.Conclusion:Citrus sinensis peels was rich with bioactive valuable-added products. This may lead to the development of new nutraceutical and pharmaceutical agents as well as functional food products used as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-parkinsonian agent.
Cardioprotective Role of Theobroma cacao against Isoproterenol-Induced
Acute Myocardial Injury
Authors: Beshel Justin Atiang , Beshel Favour Nyoh , Nwangwa Justina Nwandimma , Okon Idara Asuquo , Ejim Clement Ikani , Owu Daniel Udofia 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Antioxidants are beneficial in myocardial infarction (MI). It is suggestive that Theobroma cacao (TC) with rich antioxidant properties can be of health benefit in myocardial injury.

Aim:
The study investigated the effect of Theobroma cacao on cardioprotection in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarc-tion in rats.

Material and methods:
Male Wistar rats divided into four groups of 6 rats were used for the study. Group 1, the control was administered 0.9% normal saline placebo via oral gavage. Group 2 was the MI induced group administered 100mg/kg body weight isoproterenol subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 hours. Group 3 was administered TC for 2 weeks at 100mg/kg body weight via oral route. Group 4 was pretreated with TC (100mg/kg) via oral route for 2 weeks, followed im-mediately with administration of 100mg/kg body weight isoproterenol subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 hours. The rats were sacrificed using chloroform anesthesia, and blood samples collected via cardiac puncture. The serum was analyzed for troponin level, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) level.

Results:
The serum troponin, LDH, and MDA levels were significantly (p<0.01) increased in the MI group compared with the control. Pretreatment with TC before MI induction significantly (p<0.01) prevented increased serum troponin, LDH, and MDA levels when compared with the MI group. There was also a significant (p<0.01) decrease in MDA in the TC group compared with the control.

Conclusion:
These results suggest that Theobroma cacao protects against isoproterenol induced myocardial injury, possibly by preventing oxidative stress and consequent lipid peroxidation.