bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership style of farmer group leaders
Authors: Jamil M H , Lanuhu N , Busthanul N , Demmallino E B , Melinda I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the leadership style of the head of the rice farmers group in Tugondeng Village, Herlang District, Bulukumba Regency. The sample of respondents in this study was 45 people. Data collection methods in this study were observations, interviews, and questionnaires. Data analysis methods used in this study were qualitative and quantitative methods. This research was conducted in January 2019 located in Tugondeng Village. The leadership style in Tugondeng Village is 920 (35.0%). This situation shows that the leadership style of the head of the farmer group in Tugondeng Village, Herlang District, Bulukumba Regency applies a democratic leadership style.
The dynamics of farmer groups in Tugondeng Village
Authors: Jamil M H , Lanuhu N , Busthanul N , Demmallino E B , Melinda I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to know the dynamics of rice farming groups in Tugondeng Village, Herlang Sub-District, Bulukumba District. The sample respondents in this study were adjusted to be 45 people. The method used in this study is by conducting observations, interviews and assisted by filling out questionnaires. The method used in this study is qualitative and quantitative methods. This research was conducted in January 2019 in Tugondeng Village. The dynamic level is at a score of 37.9-45 (dynamic), which is 27 respondents (56.2%) with an average score of 5. This situation shows that the level of dynamism of farmer groups in Tugondeng Village is in a dynamic classification, meaning farmer groups in the village Tugondeng succeeded in carrying out its function as a farmer group.
Leadership relations of the rice farmers’ head group with group dynamics in Tugondeng Village
Authors: Lanuhu N , Jamil H , Busthanul N , Demmallino E B , Melinda I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the leadership of the head of the rice farmers’ group and the dynamics of the group in Tugondeng Village, Herlang District, Bulukumba Regency. The sample of respondents in this study was adjusted to 45 people. Data collection methods in this study are by conducting observations, interviews and assisted by filling out questionnaires. The data analysis method used in this study is a quantitative method using Rank Spearman analysis. This research was conducted in January 2019 in Tugondeng Village. In the results with the Rank Spearman analysis method obtained figures below 0.05, then HO is rejected or there is a significant relationship between leadership style with group dynamics.
Study of snack bar combination of banana flour (Musa paradisiaca) and mung bean flour blending as emergency food
Authors: Mahendradatta M , Laga A , Nurhisna N I U 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The condition where refugees cannot fulfilling their food needs increases the need for emergency food production which is ready to consume. Emergency food can be design as a snack bar that can be produced using blended flour of banana, mung beans, and mung bean sprouts. The purposes of this study were to determine the best formulation of the snack bar and to determine the adequacy of snack bar nutrition content with nutritional adequacy rates per day. This study consists of two stages, first, the determination of the three best formulations from five formulations that have been made through organoleptic testing. The second stage was to determine the nutritional profile from the results of the first phase of research with observational parameters. Based on the organoleptic test results, and make the nutritional profile test results from 3 treatments were respectively water content (5.1%, 5.26%, 5.07%), ash content (2.53%, 2.59%, 2.69%), protein content (9.49%, 9.14%, 8.99%), fat content (19.56%, 19.38%, 19.34%) carbohydrate levels (63.33%, 63.62%, 63.92%), fiber content (1.35%, 1.44%, 1.48%), while for consecutive calorie calculation results (707.99 Cal, 708.59 Cal and 710.6 Cal).The conclusion is Snack bar can fulfill nutritional adequacy rates per day.
Effect of canopy cover level on solar radiation for conservation plant photosynthesis under the stand of cocoa plants
Authors: Suhardi  , Sapsal M T , Sjahril R , Samsuar  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Land degradation, which is caused by erosion, is one of the causes of the decline in the quality of cocoa plants. Vegetative soil conservation technology is one of the solutions to soil conservation on land that already has plants. The obstacle to conservation plant cultivation is its existence under the stand of plants so that solar radiation is limited for photosynthesis. This study aims to determine the level of canopy cover that can pass solar radiation for photosynthesis in conservation plants under the stand of cocoa plants. Retrieval of canopy cover data obtained through direct measurement using photo images and processed using MATLAB Image Processing Toolbox with closure approach. Solar radiation measured using the NHGH09BU Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR) sensor. The sensor is connected to the Arduino UNO microcontroller module. The results showed that the smaller the canopy cover, the duration of radiation that can support photosynthesis is longer. Likewise, the total active radiation for photosynthesis is inversely proportional to the percentage of canopy closure, which is the effect of the duration of active radiation. Radiation above 300 Watt/m2 occurs between 10.30 AM - 01.00 PM with the highest value 483 Watt/m2 which occurs at 11.00 AM. Total solar energy is inversely proportional to the percentage of canopy closure and is a linear relationship with R2> 0.9.
Evaluation of land suitability for coffee plants based on fuzzy logic in Enrekang district
Authors: Nurfadila J S , Baja S , Neswati R , Rukmana D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Ecological perspective is important in agriculture, because sustainable agriculture is based on cultivation practices that do not deviate from natural systems. In an ecological perspective, agriculture is based on differences in climate, soil properties, soil morphology that requires different management and processing of agriculture between regions. Research was conducted in Enrekang district with reference to 18 Land systems. This study aimed to assess the land suitability for coffee plants based on geographic information systems using a fuzzy logic approach. Primary data as evaluation criteria were divided into three main components; for potential land erosion, potential flooding and soil profile. Land cover was considered as well. In fuzzy analysis, the value of land attributes was converted to sustainable values (ranging from 0 to 1.0) according the class limits determined based on experience and standard conventional. There was distribution of land suitability for coffee plants in Enrekang district. 65% of the area had the potential to develop coffee plants. The main limiting factor in the development of coffee plants in the study area was the erosion potential, especially the slope.
Ecological spatial modeling for land use optimization for Zea mays L. in Patilangio Sub district, Randangan District, Pohuwato Regency, Gorontalo Province
Authors: Bagu Fitria S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research was conducted at Pohuwato District in Randangan Sub District. The aims of this study are to assess the physical characteristic of ecological, land cover, land use, and land capacity to support the maize cultivation; to analyze the land capability, land sustainability, and the carrying capacity of land to support the system of maize cultivation; lastly is to spatial analyzes the ecology for maize land use optimization. The method for land evaluation was analyzed based on a land unit basis. Samples for the study site stratified with random sampling that determined by considering the land units (slope, landform, and land use). The samples of respondents was carried out for economics and social data that performed by the accidental method. The data of optimization land use was obtained from the map of RBI, map of administration, the map of land unit, and product LCLP analysis. The land carrying capacity and the land population pressure data was carried out based on the map of RBI, the map of administration, and the secondary data. The soil sampling was conducted at 3 locations. Land cover, land capability, land sustainability, land carrying capacity, and production was analyzed by using spatial analysis through GIS. Descriptive analysis was done for the social economic and stakeholder population data. The results show that the existing land (OPT) in the one Randangan Sub District of Pohuwato is classified as low category optimization (L). Where the OPT (L) = f (KL(III, IV) + KS (S3,N1) + DDL (L) + P (L) + TP (L). A strategy that can be done to optimize this low classified region are by converting some land of plant oil palm plantations that have categorizing in a high (H) and medium (M) class land capability for maize.
Analysis of climate and population dynamics of Conomoporpha cramerella pest in North Luwu
Authors: Zul F , Kaimuddin  , Rafiuddin  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the most widely grown cocoa growing countries in the world and is the third largest cocoa producing country after Ivory Coast and Ghana. Cocoa is a plant that is not native to Indonesia but is able to adapt and grow well in Indonesia. Geographic Information System (GIS) is a system created to facilitate mapping by using structured data by setting spatial or geographical coordinates in utilizing and planning land use. Decrease in yields on cocoa is partly due to Cocoa Fruit Borer (CPB) (Conomoporpha cramerella Snellen). There is a very close relationship between local climatic conditions and the dynamics of pest populations, especially the factors of temperature, humidity, and altitude. The lowest percentage for mild attacks of CPB pests over the past 5 years ignoring missing data is in April 2014, 2015 and 2016 was 15.30%. Whereas the highest percentage of severe CPB pests in the last five years was in February 2015 which was 88.09%. Controlling the CPB pests can be done by using CPB pest resistant clones as well as improving plant maintenance management.
Diversity of microbes in organic and non-organic vegetable ecosystem
Authors: Sylvia S , Rahim H , Surapati U , Rosmana A , Dewi V S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aims to determine microorganisms in organically managed land. The study was conducted in the organic land and non-organic farmer’s land in Makassar and continued at the Disease Sciences laboratory, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin. The stages of the study consisted of soil sampling and 10 grams were taken to be diluted into 90 ml of sterile water, then a 10-3 dilution was carried out. The results of the dilution are taken 1ml each and then poured into the PDA media. The fungus that grows is purified on PDA media while bacteria on NA media, then identified. The results showed that in organic vegetable fields more fungi isolates were found (6 isolates): Gliocladium sp, Rhizoctonia sp, Aspergillus sp and two other isolates were unknown and gram-positive bacteria were found while non-organic was found five fungus isolates, Scopulariopsis sp., Verticillium sp., Fusarium sp., Gliocladium sp, Percentage of inhibition of fungi from organic vegetable fields ranged from 33.3 to 100% while non-organic lands 16.7 to 66.7%.
Growth test and production of several local upland rice varieties in Gorontalo Province
Authors: Darmawan M , Sjahril R , Riadi M , Asmuliani R , Khairun A , Pertiwi Erse D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Gorontalo province is one of the provinces that have a large source of genetic diversity in local rice, especially upland rice. The low productivity and the less available of seed at the farmer level causes a lack of interest in developing upland rice. The main constraints of rice cultivation on these areas is drought and pest and disease attacks. Then the need for the development of local varieties to obtain new superior rice varieties is necessary. The purpose of this study is to look at the potential for growth and production of Gorontalo local rice that can be expected to be used to improve genetic resources that are genotyping amphibians. The research method used a Randomized Block Design in testing three local rice cultivars. Cultivars used were, Maraya, Bukungo, and Ponda. Each treatment was repeated three times resulted in nine experimental units would be obtained. The results show that the Ponda variety showed the highest results compared to other treatments on plant height parameter. Based on LSD tests shows that the number of tillers in each variety is significantly different. Ponda variety shows the highest number of tillers compared to other local rice varieties.
Leaf growth character of sago palm based on sucker weight at the rosette stage
Authors: Nurnawati A A , Haring F , Osozawa K , Dungga N E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The study aimed to obtain suitable sucker recommendation for good growth and development of sago plant in the field and to determine the leaf growth characters based on sucker weight at the rosette stage. The research was conducted at Sago Plantation Site located in Pembuniang Village, West Malangke Sub-district, North Luwu Regency from September to December 2017. The first observation was made at 16-month after sucker transplanting in September 2017, the second in November 2017. To determine statistical differences between the sucker weight of 1-3 kg and 3-6 kg, T-Test (Independent Sample T-Test) was used and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to determine the relationship between the leaf growth characters. The results show the suckers with weight of 3-6 kg grow better than that of 1-3 kg as indicated by the number, width and length of the leaflets, and the number of leaves and rachis length. Sucker with 3-6 kg weight have a closer relationship between variables.
Selection of purification and formation of double haploid Toraja endemic black rice through anther culture
Authors: Haring F , Rantetandung S , Riadi M , Rafiuddin  , Sjahril R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To maximize the potential of Ko’bo, plant breeding was involved to produce the identic color of rice grains, which is full black. Anther culture is a method that is considered effective in plant breeding. This study aimed to find the most suitable combination of growth regulators in the calli induction of Ko’bo rice anther and observe the calli growth response in a regeneration medium. Calli induction experiment used N6 medium with a combination of auxin (2,4-D 1-3 mg L−1) and cytokinin (kinetin 0.5-1 mg L−1 and BAP 0.5-1 mg L−1). Calli regenerated in MS medium, added with 0.5 mg NAA L−1 + kinetin 0.5 mg L−1+ BAP 1.5 mg L−1. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design. The experimental unit was a petri dish, containing ± 250 anthers. The highest calli induction was 13.33%, obtained from a combination of 2,4-D 3.0 mg L−1 + kinetin 1.0 mg L−1. All regenerated plantlets were albino.
The effects of colchicine concentration and soaking time on formation of leaves and roots of katokkon (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) in vitro
Authors: Kasmiati  , Sjahril R , Riadi M , Ridwan I , Trisnawaty AR 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Katokkon chili is a plant of the Solanaceae family which has a unique characteristic of fruit shape, spiciness level and also has a sweet taste. In addition, it is a diploid plant with 12 pairs of chromosomes (2n=24). Quality improvement and production of katokkon chili can be done by doubling the chromosomes. This research aimed to study the effect of several concentrations and time of immersion of colchicine on the buds of the katokkon chili shoots. Research activity was carried out by soaking the buds of the katokkon at several concentrations of colchicine (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%) for some immersion times (1.5 hours, 3 hours and 4.5 hours) resulted in a total of 12 treatment combinations and 1 control. The shoots were grown in vitro on MS media until the roots and leaves grow. The characters observed were the formation of roots and leaves which were then compared to controls. The results show that the concentrations of colchicine (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%) had a negative effect on the katokkon chili which was characterized by no leaf formation as in control plants (0%). The application of colchicine did not affect root formation, it can be seen from the emergence of roots in shoots which are induced by colchicine similar to control plants without colchicine treatment.
Response of kale (Brassica alboglabra L.) to various planting media and application of liquid inorganic nutrition in DWC (deep water culture) hydroponic systems
Authors: Yanti C W B , Dermawan R , Nafsi N S , Rafiuddin  , Bahrun A H , Mollah A , Arafat A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Kale is one type of leaf vegetables that has a high nutritional content and is in demand by the community, hence has a high selling value. The purpose of this study was to investigate and determine the effect of liquid inorganic nutrients and various planting media in the hydroponic system on the growth and production of kale (Brassica alboglabra L.) plants. The research was conducted from May to July 2017 in Manggala District, Makassar. The trial was set based on split plot design with two factors, liquid inorganic nutrition and various planting media. The main plot was nutrition which consisted of two types, namely AB-Mix nutrition and R-Mix nutrition. Subplot was planting medium with seven treatment combinations namely sand, burnt husk, cocopeat, combination of sand + burnt husk, sand + cocopeat, burnt husk + cocopeat, and sand + burnt husk + cocopeat. The results show that there was a significant interaction between the sand planting media and the R-Mix nutrition which produced the highest average of chlorophyll content (6.57 mg/g). The combination of burnt husk and cocopeat growing media gave yields that tended to be higher compared to other planting media. The R-Mix nutrient treatment gave a higher yield compared to other nutrients in the total chlorophyll observation (6.03 mg/g).
Growth and production of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) on the application of Trichoderma sp. and Azolla liquid organic fertilizer
Authors: Dungga N E , Syaiful S A , Alfiani A , Amin A R , Dachlan A , Sahur A , Dermawan R , Idris A I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the response of the application Trichoderma sp. and Azolla as liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and production of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) plants. The study was conducted in Panyili Village, Palakka District, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province, from October to December 2017. The research was conducted in the form of an experiment using a split plot design. Two levels of Trichoderma sp. application were set as main plots consisted of control and application of 4 g per plant Trichoderma asperellum. Application of Azolla as liquid fertilizer was set as sub plot with five doses, namely control, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 75 ml L−1. The results show that application of Trichoderma asperellum 4 g per plant showed the best results on the number of leaves 70 days after planting (DAP) (272.22 leaves). Azolla liquid organic fertilizer (75 ml L−1) resulted in the highest production per plot at harvest period of I-III (1.28 kg/m2), production per hectare at harvest period of I-III (4.27 tons ha−1). The interaction between Trichoderma asperellum 4 g plant−1 with a dose of Azolla liquid organic fertilizer of 75 ml L−1 showed the lowest attack intensity of aphids (10%).
Growth and production of Katokkon (Capsicum chinense Jacq) chili plants in lowland applied with gibberellins and liquid organic fertilizer
Authors: Kasim N , Panggula N D P , Haring F , Ulfa F , Dachlan A , Widiayani N , Yulsan D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the growth and production of katokkon chili plants (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) in the application of gibberellins and liquid organic fertilizer. This research was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar from May to October 2017. The research was conducted in the form of a two-factors factorial experiment. The first factor was gibberellins consisted of four levels namely 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 75 ppm, and the second factor was liquid organic fertilizer consisted of three levels of 25 ml L−1, 50 ml L−1 and 75 ml L−1 with three replications. Results of the study show that application of gibberellins on the local chili plant of katokkon interacted with liquid organic fertilizer improved the vegetative growth of the plant. Gibberellin also significantly affected the production parameters of the local chili plant. The fruit weight per plant and per hectare decreased with the increased of gibberellin dosages. No significant effect of the use of liquid organic fertilizer found, however, the treatment of 75 ml L−1 showed better results in several research parameters.
Integrated model of local resource management for agriculture and poultry husbandry in rural area: A service learning program in Sidrap Regency Indonesia
Authors: Ridwan I , Yassi A , Budiman  , Hasan M , Wulandari D , Hamdayanty H , Juita N , Amiruddin A , Galib M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The service learning program is one of the partnership activities to contribute significantly to the university’s role for the community, industry, local government and community groups who want to be economically and socially independent. This program offers a solution to solve problems by conducting partnership activities between institutions, local government and the community. One of the solutions from the low productivity of farmers from rainfed lowland agriculture and poultry husbandry is to increase farmers’ knowledge and skills through the application of science and technology both in the production stage and post-harvest processing. Therefore, the concept of “petik, olah, jual” (harvest, process, sell) can be implemented well. The paper described the implementation of service learning conducted by students of Universitas Hasanuddin in one of poor villages in Sidrap Regency. With the implementation of science and technology, the goal of community empowerment in the context of poverty alleviation through local resource management is expected to be achieved.
The role of soil minerals in red and black Vertisol in Jeneponto Regency
Authors: Juita Nirmala , Iskandar  , Sudarsono  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Vertisol is one type of soil that is found with various colour variations. Various factors that influence these colour variations are topography, parent rock, organic matter and iron oxide and manganese. The research was conducted in the Jeneponto Regency by purposive sampling based on the colour of the soil to be investigated. The results of this study indicate that clay minerals are quite influential in the colour of the soil. Iron oxide minerals such as Goethite, Hematite and Halloysite are often found in red soils, indicating that the soil has undergone further weathering. However, Vertisol can not be said to have experienced weathering further, because it is still found perishable minerals such as Calcite and Sanidin, so Vertisol with color variations is indicated to have experienced early development. The red colour on Vertisol was influenced by iron oxide minerals such as Goethite, Hematite and Halloysite and the slopes ranging from 8-15% so that washing is indicated which makes montmorillonite unstable and turn into other minerals. While the black colour on Vertisol was indicated by a flat slope so that intensive washing does not occur.