bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modern treatment of vulvar cancer
Authors: Merlo Sebastjan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Vulvar cancer accounts for 3–5% of malignant diseases of the female genital tract. The Slovenian incidence rate is 5.5/100,000, which means 57 new cases per year. The most common histological type (90%) is squamous cell carcinoma. Based on etiology, it can be classified into the first type which correlates with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the second type which is not associated with HPV. The most common and long-lasting symptom of vulvar cancer is pruritus. The preferred diagnostic procedure to confirm the diagnosis is a punch or incision biopsy. Surgery in combination with radiotherapy is the standard treatment for vulvar cancer. Sentinel lymph node biopsy with lymphoscintigraphy is now a standard part of surgical treatment. Chemotherapy is a palliative treatment option.

Conclusions
Vulvar cancer is a rare disease. Because of the pathogenesis, surgery and radiotherapy are the main treatment modalities. The sentinel node biopsy (SNB) represents a contemporary approach to the vulvar cancer treatment and significantly reduces morbidity. Improvements in treatment of vulvar cancer contributed to the decrease of mortality among Slovenian women.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio can predict outcome in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer
Authors: Drpa Gordana , Sutic Maja , Baranasic Jurica , Jakopovic Marko , Samarzija Miroslav , Kukulj Suzana , Knezevic Jelena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were analyzed in various carcinomas and their potential prognostic significance was determined. The objective of present study was to determine the correlation between these parameters and the survival of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), since very few studies have been published on this type of carcinoma.

Patients and methods
One hundred and forty patients diagnosed with SCLC at University Hospital Center Zagreb, between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Extensive-stage disease (ED) was verified in 80 patients and limited-stage disease (LD) in 60 patients. We analyzed the potential prognostic significance of various laboratory parameters, including NLR, PLR, and LMR, measured before the start of treatment.

Results
Disease extension, response to therapy, chest irradiation and prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI), as well as hemoglobin, monocyte count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed a prognostic significance in all patients. When we analyzed the patients separately, depending on the disease extension, we found that only skin metastases as well as LDH and NLR values, regardless of the cut-off value, had a prognostic significance in ED. Meanwhile, the ECOG performance status, chest irradiation, PCI, and hemoglobin and creatinine values had a prognostic significance in LD.

Conclusions
NLR calculated before the start of the treatment had a prognostic significance for ED, while PLR and LMR had no prognostic significance in any of the analyzed groups of patients.
Treatment patterns and real-world evidence for stage III non-small cell lung cancer in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Zemanova Milada , Jakopovic Marko , Stanic Karmen , Łazar-Poniatowska Małgorzata , Vrankar Martina , Rusu Petronela , Ciuleanu Tudor , Radosavljevic Davorin , Bogos Krisztina , Nawrocki Sergiusz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The aim of this project was to collect real-world evidence and describe treatment patterns for stage III non-small cell lung cancer in Central and Eastern Europe. Based on real-world evidence, an expert opinion was developed, and the unmet needs and quality indicators were identified.

Patients and methods
A systematic literature search and a multidisciplinary expert panel of 10 physicians from 7 countries used a modified Delphi process to identify quality indicators and unmet needs in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer. The profound questionnaire was used to characterize treatment patterns used for stage III non-small cell lung cancer, and a systematic review identified patterns in Central and Eastern Europe. The first questionnaire was completed by a group of medical oncologists, radiation oncologists and pneumologists. The panel of experts attended an in-person meeting to review the results of the questionnaire and to process a second round Delphi. An additional survey was then compiled and completed by the panel.

Results
A complete consensus was reached by the panel of experts on a set of evidence-based clinical recommendations. The experience-based questionnaire generated a highly variable map of treatment patterns within the region. A list of unmet needs and barriers to quality care were developed with near-unanimous consent of the panel of experts.

Conclusions
The current landscape of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in Central and Eastern European countries is highly variable. We identified several significant barriers, mainly related to the availability of diagnostic and imaging methods and low rates of chemoradiotherapy with curative intention as initial treatment for unresectable stage III NSCLC.
Categorization of the EU Member States in the Context of Selected Multicriteria International Indices Using Cluster Analysis
Authors: Onuferová Erika , Čabinová Veronika , Matijová Mária 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The main aim of the paper was to analyse the economic and social development of the European Union (EU) member states (28 countries) on the basis of selected five multicriteria indices (the Global Competitiveness Index, the Economic Freedom Index, the Global Innovation Index, the Corruption Perceptions Index, the Human Development Index). To perform settled aim, a multidimensional classification of EU countries for years 2011 and 2018 using cluster analysis was realized. The purpose of the analysis was to categorize the individual EU countries into clusters and to find out to what extent the position of EU member states has changed in terms of selected international indices over the analysed period. Based on the findings, it is arguable that a major part of the EU member states cluster into the same groups based on the selected indices assessment, regardless of the time period. However, six countries (Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, and United Kingdom) improved their position during the period under review and ranked into the cluster of more prosperous countries in 2018. The rate of change (improvement) was quantified at the level of 21.43%. Based on the results, Latvia and Lithuania were the most similar countries in terms of economic prosperity (Euclidean distance reached the level of 3.08), while the least similar countries were Greece and Sweden (Euclidean distance reached the level of 70.8). Declining Euclidean distances indicate that economic disparities of the individual EU countries have decreased in the period under review. This paper aims at developing the research to find out how, besides hierarchy, we can analyse the EU member states from the perspective of various multicriteria indices. The four proposed clusters could be used as a starting point for future policy reforms, pointing to the weaknesses of various countries.
Influence of the heterogeneity of a dump soil on the assessment of its selected properties
Authors: Olesiak Sebastian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article concerns the assessment of selected physical and mechanical properties of a dump soil. The dump soil is a specific soil with a very heterogeneous internal structure. Next to each other, there may be lumps and crumbs of cohesive soils mixed with non-cohesive soils accompanied by a very diverse admixture of organic substance. In addition, the soil in the waste dump, in spatial terms, may significantly differ in consistency and density. This is the result of the process of forming a dump soil, which takes place in three stages: excavation, transport and dumping. A heterogeneous soil deposited within the waste dump is subject to further processes: consolidation, compaction and creeping. Changes occurring in the course of these processes have a significant impact on the development of the properties of the dump soil.
Due to the large diversity of the tested soils, the results of their properties were divided into two groups, based on type and consistency of soil. This allows us to estimate the selected properties of the dump soil only on the basis of their macroscopic analysis.
Statistical analysis of mechanical properties on the example of aggregates of Carpathian sandstones
Authors: Hydzik-Wiśniewska Joanna , Bednarek Łukasz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The constantly growing, broadly understood, construction industry requires the use of a large amount of aggregates. The construction of roads, motorways, railway lines and hydrotechnical structures requires the use of aggregates of high quality, which is primarily determined by mechanical properties. The basic parameters describing mechanical properties of aggregates are the Los Angeles (LA) fragmentation resistance coefficient and the Micro-Deval (M

DE
) abrasion resistance coefficient. The LA and M

DE
coefficients depend mainly on the type of rock and its physical and mechanical properties. This has been thoroughly researched and documented as evidenced by the abundant literature in the field. However, the correlation between LA and M

DE
coefficients still gives rise to extensive discussions and some concerns. A number of publications demonstrate dependencies for various types of aggregates. Therefore, research was undertaken to present statistical analysis for one type of aggregate and one geological area.
This article presents the results of the fragmentation resistance test in the Los Angeles drum and the abrasion resistance test in the Micro-Deval drum of aggregates from Carpathian sandstone deposits. Aggregate samples were divided into three groups according to the location of the deposits and the tectonic unit from which they originated. The obtained results were subjected to static analysis to fit the best mathematical function describing the relationship between the two parameters.
Using Triaxial Tests to Determine the Shearing Strength of Geogrid-Reinforced Sand
Authors: Skuodis Šarūnas , Dirgėlienė Neringa , Medzvieckas Jurgis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Geogrids are widely used in civil engineering projects to reinforce road and railway structures. This paper presents research on the shearing strength of soil samples that have been reinforced with geogrids. The relationship between soil and geogrids is explored and evaluated by modeling the mechanical behavior of heterogeneous materials. For the purposes of this research, data obtained from tests of unreinforced sand samples with triaxial cells were compared with the data obtained from tests of reinforced sand samples. It was found that the shearing strength for reinforced samples was higher (from 9% to 49%) compared to unreinforced samples. Some damage to the geogrid was detected during the experiment, and for this reason, the same tests were numerically simulated for both unreinforced samples and samples reinforced with geogrids. Numerical simulations revealed the main reasons for damage to the geogrids during triaxial testing.
“The Darts to Wound With Endless Love!” on Hannah Cowley’s Response to Frances Burney’s Evelina
Authors: Paluchowska-Messing Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The paper traces the intertextual echoes of Frances Burney’s debut novel, Evelina, in The Belle’s Stratagem, a play by Burney’s contemporary Hannah Cowley. The latter was certainly an avid admirer of Burney. In one of her poems she pays tribute to the novelist and praises her ability to achieve uncommon subtlety in the depiction of characters in her writing: “What pen but Burney’s …/… draws from nature with a skill so true” (Escott 2012: 38). The paper, however, argues that the connection between the writers and their literary productions goes much further than the obeisance paid to Burney in Cowley’s admiring verses. The congruence between the plots of Evelina and The Belle’s Stratagem, and, in some instances, the very wording used in the two texts, poses immediate questions about its significance in Cowley’s popular play (which was first produced in 1780, two years after the publication of Burney’s debut). The conclusions suggest that Cowley deliberately drew Burney’s novel into a discussion on viable models of femininity and matrimony in contemporary society. But they also point to a wider phenomenon, namely, the extent to which the relationship between the eighteenth-century theatre and novel was reciprocal. While several recent studies discuss the influence of the theatre on the novel, little has been said on the importance of the novel for the development of the contemporary drama. This new reading of Cowley’s The Belle’s Stratagem as a response to Burney’s Evelina shows the immediacy with which a literary dialogue could be opened by authors and appreciated by audiences on the vibrant eighteenth-century cultural scene.
The Middle English Creolization Hypothesis: Persistence, Implications, and Language Ideology
Authors: O’Neil David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBailey and Maroldt (1977) and Domingue (1977) were the first to argue that language contact during the Middle Ages between Old English and both Old Norse and Norman French resulted in linguistic creolization. This theory, known as the Middle English creolization hypothesis, implies that Middle English, and perhaps Modern English as well, should be classified as a creole. Though frequently discredited on historic, linguistic, and terminological grounds, the creolization hypothesis has attracted interest for longer than might be expected. This paper argues that the persistence of the hypothesis may be ideologically motivated. The first section examines connotations of the term “creole” and applies these connotations to an analysis of the initial presentations of the creolization hypothesis. The second and third section of the paper review and analyze the forty-year history of the debate, focusing separately on arguments for creolization (and koinezation) between Anglo-Norman French and Old Norse, respectively. The fourth and final section examines challenges presented by the concept of creole exceptionalism to common attitudes about language equality and the theory of Universal Grammar. It is argued that these issues attract greater interest when contextualized within a discussion of a “major” world language such as English than when creolization is understood as an atypical process restricted to “peripheral” languages such as Haitian Creole. This paper also references relevant political issues such as the current controversy among medievalists about the field’s historic lack of inclusivity.
HUBUNGAN PERSENTASE LEMAK TUBUH DAN IMT DENGAN KEKUATAN OTOT GENGGAM PADA REMAJA PUTRI USIA 15-17 TAHUN DI SMK KESEHATAN BALI MEDIKA DENPASAR
Authors: Savitri I Gusti Agung Ayu Narita , Winaya I Made Niko , Muliarta I Made , Griadhi I Putu Adiartha 
Published: October 2020

Kekuatan otot genggam adalah salah satu elemen penting dalam melakukan aktivitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persentase lemak tubuh dan IMT dengan kekuatan otot genggam pada remaja putri usia 15-17 tahun di SMK Kesehatan Bali Medika Denpasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional analytic yang dilakukan pada April 2019. Sample diambil dengan teknik Simple Random Sampling dengan sampel berjumlah 85 orang. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah Chi Square Test dan didapatkan hasil nilai p 0,002 untuk hubungan kekuatan otot genggam dengan persentase lemak tubuh, dan p 0,024 untuk hubungan dengan IMT, atau p<0,05. Prevalence Ratio remaja memiliki kekuatan otot genggam kategori lemah adalah 4,073 [95% CI 1,629-10,186] untuk kategori persentase lemak overweight dan obesitas dibandingkan kategori good dan acceptable serta 2,771 [95% CI 1,128-6,808] untuk perbandingan kategori IMT obesitas dan gemuk dengan kategori normal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan antara persentase lemak tubuh dengan kekuatan otot genggam, dan hubungan antara IMT dengan kekuatan otot genggam pada remaja putri usia 15-17 tahun di SMK Kesehatan Bali Medika Denpasar. Kategori overweight dan obesitas memiliki risiko 4,073 kali lebih tinggi berkategori otot genggam lemah dibandingkan kategori persentase lemak good dan acceptable, dan kategori IMT gemuk dan obesitas memiliki risiko berkategori kekuatan otot genggam lemah 2,771 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan seseorang berkategori IMT normal.
An 88-year old man with spontaneous splenic rupture after granulocyte colony stimulating factor administration
Authors: Martinez Marta De Castro , Maza Cristina Castillo 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The main use of Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is stem cell mobilization in neutropenic patients and healthy donors as well as for engraftment. Most of their secondary efects are mild and temporary; however, there is a relation between spontaneous splenic rupture and G-CSF treatment.

Case Presentation:
We report a case of an 88-year old man, who presented with a spontaneous splenic rupture after use of G-CSF.

Conclusion:
Although it is an uncommon side effect, the mortality is very high, so clinicians should be aware of the importance about maintaining a high index of suspicion for this condition.
Tribological behavior of low-alloyed steel after nitriding
Authors: Vicen Martin , Bokůvka Otakar , Nikolić Ružica , Bronček Jozef 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The tribological properties of the nitride layer applied to the low-alloyed steel were investigated in this research. Experimental work included determination if the chemical composition, wear resistance, Rockwell, Vickers and nano-indentation tests, both of the substrate material – the low-alloyed steel and the deposited nitride layer. From the results obtained in those experiments authors concluded that applying the nitride layer does not significantly improve the tribological properties of the tested lowalloyed steel samples, thus this process is not recommended for achieving that purpose.
The role and position of Airport City in the Supply Chain
Authors: Drljača Miroslav , Petar Saša , Raad Mohammed , Štimac Igor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the past, it was enough for the airport to have a runway and a modest terminal. The development of air traffic has also increased customer requirements (passengers, airlines, etc.), which has affected the need for airport infrastructure development. Throughout the world, passenger terminals have been built, many of which, according to architectural solutions, represent works of art. The design and functionality are tailored in such a way as to enable longer stay and meet the requirements of passengers and other users. Content and concept offer solutions that airport operators provide for additional revenue. One part of the content and service is offered in passenger terminal buildings, while the other part is provided outside them, whether in or outside the airport. Part of this content is offered by Airport City (AC). AC phenomenon represents the integration of infrastructure, superstructures, information and operations. It represents a part of the Supply Chain (SC) and usually includes facilities such as: passenger terminals, runways and other airport activities such as: ground handling, logistics, office space, shops, hotels, etc. In this paper, authors use a method of systems theory, a modeling method and a comparative method as a general and some specific scientific methods of cognition, to researching the problem to which different AC models and their structure can contribute to the optimal SC flow as its essential part and bring the results of the AC phenomenon as a part of the SC.
The Effect of Gradation and Grain-Size Properties of Fine Aggregate on the Building Mortars
Authors: Mehmetoğulları Ebubekir , Güneyli Hakan , Karahan Süleyman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This work is about the effect of fine aggregate properties on the physicomechanical characteristics of hardened mortars. The results indicated that the increase in grain-size of fine aggregate increases the bulk density of hardened mortars. The strength of mortars including limestone fine aggregate is higher than that of the silica-sand. Regardless of the aggregate origin, the strength of the mortars with well-graded fine aggregate for all grain-size is greater than of with uniform fine aggregate. This indicates that grading of fine aggregate increases the strength, while uniformity decreases it.
The strength of mortars with well-graded fine aggregate increases as the grain-size increases. Regardless of the aggregate origin, the strength of mortars with uniform fine aggregate increases with increasing grain-size until the grain-size range of 425-1000 µm, but after this range it decreases with increasing grain-size. The thermal conductivity increases with the increase in the grain-size. Notedly, the relationship between thermal conductivity and maximum grain-size of well-graded fine aggregate has a very strong positive correlation. Further, the thermal conductivity value for mortars formed with uniform fine limestone aggregate is minimum at the grain-size range of 425-1000 µm, while it has greatest values close together from this grain-size range
Pestisit Kullanımının Bal Arısı Sağlığına ve Ürünlerine Etkisi
Authors: POLAT Burak , ÖZÜİÇLİ Mehmet , CETİN Huseyin , AYDIN Levent 
Published: October 2020

Küresel pestisit kullanımı, hayvanların ve insanların hastalık vektörlerini kontrol etmek ve ayrıca hayvansal ve bitkisel üretimini artırmak için son yıllarda çarpıcı bir şekilde artmıştır. Bu artış toprakta, suda, hayvansal veya bitkisel ürünlerde pestisit kalıntılarına, hedef dışı organizmalar üzerinde olumsuz etkilere, çevre kirliliğine ve zararlılarda direnç gelişmesine neden olmaktadır. Pestisitlerin akut zehirlilik etkileri yanında mutajenik, teratojenik ve karsinojenik etkileri de bulunmaktadır. Bal arıları tozlaşma, tarımsal ürün üretimi ve biyolojik çeşitlilik için önemli organizmalardır. Aynı zamanda bal ve bal ürünleri birçok canlı için önemli besin kaynağıdır. Arı parazitlerinin, vektörlerin ve tarımsal zararlıların kontrolünde aşırı pestisit kullanımı bal arısı ölümlerine ve biyolojik çeşitliliğin tahribatına yol açmaktadır. Bu durumun bir sonucu olarak, tarım ürünlerinin kalitesi ve miktarı düşebilir. Bu nedenle, bu makalede pestisitlerin bal arıları üzerindeki toksik etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur.