bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging smart technologies to improve the management of diabetic foot ulcers and extend ulcer‐free days in remission
Authors: Najafi Bijan , Reeves Neil D. , Armstrong David G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe prevalent and long neglected diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and its related complications rank among the most debilitating and costly sequelae of diabetes. Management of the DFU is multifaceted and requires constant monitoring from patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers. The alarmingly high rates of recurrence of ulcerations in the diabetic foot requires a change in our approach to care and to the vernacular in the medical literature. Our efforts should be directed not only on healing of open wounds, but also on maximizing ulcer‐free days for the patient in diabetic foot remission. The increasing development and use of technology within every aspect of our lives represents an opportunity for creative solutions to prevent or better manage this devastating condition. In particular, recent advances in wearable and mobile health technologies appear to show promise in measuring and modulating dangerous foot pressure and inflammation to extend remission and improve the quality of life for these most complex patients. This review article discusses how harnessing wearables and digital technologies may improve the management and optimize prevention of DFUs by identifying high‐risk patients for triage and timely intervention, personalizing prescription of offloading, and improving adherence to protective footwear. While still in their infancy, we envisage a future network of skin‐worn, jewellery‐worn, and implantable sensors that, if allowed to effectively communicate with one another and the patient, could dramatically impact measuring, personalizing, and managing how we and the patients we serve move through our collective world.
Critical insight into biowaste‐derived biocatalyst for biodiesel production
Authors: Alrobaian Abdulrahman , Rajasekar Vignesh , Alagumalai Avinash 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent days, the scientific community has been forced to develop renewable fuels due to the demand and increasing cost of conventional fuels. Among the different renewable fuels, biodiesel is a primary renewable fuel produced by the efficient and straightforward process (i.e., catalytic transesterification) with the homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts. The heterogeneous catalysts are of greater interest in industrial biodiesel production, offering high activity, easy separation, low cost of production, and high reusability. Various studies have shown that the heterogeneous catalysts of calcium and potassium oxides offer a faster reaction rate. In this context, this study provides an overview of calcium and potassium oxide catalysts derived from waste resources. This study also presents the biomass catalytic preparation method and the optimal process conditions under which high biodiesel yield can be achieved. On the whole, the core objective of this study is to find the feasibility of biomass‐derived catalyst in the commercial sector and to determine its suitability for sustainable industrial application.
Efficient strong motion duration of pulse‐like records for nonlinear structural analyses
Authors: Repapis Constantinos C. , Mimoglou Petros P. , Dimakopoulou Vicky V. , Psycharis Ioannis N. , Taflampas Ioannis M. 
Published: January 2020

SUMMARYThe special interest produced by near‐field directivity records and their effect on structural response has given a new significance in the velocity time history, its pulse‐like content, and relevant parameters and indices. Recent research has shown that directivity pulses inherent in these records govern the linear and the nonlinear response of a wide range of structures. Based on this observation, it is suggested in this paper that a truncated ground motion, limited to the duration of the predominant velocity pulse, can be efficiently used to predict the structural response, instead of the base motion with the total duration, reducing significantly the required runtimes. The proposed methodology is verified for a series of medium to high rise reinforced concrete buildings, for which nonlinear time‐history analyses are performed for a vast suite of pulse‐like near‐field records applied as base excitations with their total duration and the proposed truncated one. Comparison of the results for the response displacements and forces shows very good agreement, permitting the acceptance of the pulse duration as the efficient strong motion time interval of the original record, which determines the response and, thus, it can be used for nonlinear structural analyses.
An efficient protocol and data set for automated otolith image analysis
Authors: Myers Savannah Carolyn , Thorsen Anders , Smoliński Szymon , Aanestad Godiksen Jane , Malde Ketil , Handegard Nils Olav 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInformation on fish age constitutes one of the most important biological variables for a fish stock, and an accurate estimation of the age structure of the fish populations is essential for the reliable management of these natural resources. The age of individual cod (Gadus morhua) is determined by manually examining the layered structure of otoliths, a calcium carbonate structure of the inner ear. Image‐based methods to age otoliths have been investigated for over 4 decades with varying results, but recent developments in automatic image analysis techniques are promising. The objective of this paper is to describe a method to efficiently image a manually broken otolith (avoiding the time‐consuming embedding and cross‐sectioning process) and to describe the organization and acquisition of imaged broken otolith images with associated metadata for a collection of north‐east Arctic cod otoliths. A single‐lens reflex camera was used for capturing photographs of the broken otoliths. A total of six images were acquired for each subject, consisting of three images in the first position with three different light exposures and three images in the second position with three different light exposures. This results in a simple and efficient procedure for capturing clear, satisfactory, and reproducible images of broken fish otoliths, and a more straightforward and less labour‐intensive alternative to the commonly used methods that involve embedding and cross‐sectioning of the otolith.
Defining a cohort of oligometastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with improved clinical outcomes
Authors: Chee Jeremy , Liu Xuandao , Eu Donovan , Loh Thomas , Ho Francis , Wong Lea C. , Tham Ivan , Tan Chee S. , Goh Boon C. , Lim Chwee M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the clinical outcomes of oligometastatic versus widely metastatic NPC patients.Materials and MethodsRetrospective review of 157 patients with metastatic NPC at a tertiary hospital was performed. Multivariate analysis was carried out to compare the overall and progression‐free survival (OS and PFS) of these two cohorts of NPC patients. The number of organ involvement and discrete metastatic lesions associated with improved OS and PFS were ascertained.ResultsPatients with oligometastatic NPC (single organ, less than six discrete metastatic lesions) had a better median OS than patients with widespread metastasis (24.8 versus 12.8 months, P < .001). Similarly, the median PFS of oligometastatic NPC was better than that of polymetastatic NPC (11.7 versus 7.3 months, P < .001).ConclusionSingle organ disease with less than six discrete lesions is a good indicator of limited metastatic load in NPC, and is associated with improved survival.
Convective drying of food materials: An overview with fundamental aspect, recent developments, and summary
Authors: V. P. Chandramohan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractConvective drying is an ancient technique to dry moist materials. Many experimental and numerical studies on convective drying enriched the knowledge of researchers and industrialists for further research and developments. In this study, a thorough review is made on convective drying of food materials. A brief history of convective drying, its importance, methods, applications, and statistical data are clearly reviewed. The impact of important drying parameters such as shrinkage and influence of pretreatment during convective drying have been critically appraised. Instruments used, experimental setup developed, and properties measured and estimated have been listed and analyzed. A novel technology of taking snapshots during drying using the thermal camera is discussed. Different mathematical models such as analytical and numerical methods and its present challenges are extensively reviewed and discussed. An advanced level solution for convective drying at present is explained. Gaps in numerical methods to solve convective drying problems have been discussed and effective summaries are drawn.
A Novel Fracture Prediction Model Using Machine Learning in a Community‐Based Cohort
Authors: Kong Sung Hye , Ahn Daehwan , Kim Buomsoo (Raymond) , Srinivasan Karthik , Ram Sudha , Kim Hana , Hong A Ram , Kim Jung Hee , Cho Nam H , Shin Chan Soo 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTThe prediction of fracture risk in osteoporotic patients has been a topic of interest for decades, and models have been developed for the accurate prediction of fracture, including the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). As machine‐learning methodologies have recently emerged as a potential model for medical prediction tools, we aimed to develop a novel fracture prediction model using machine‐learning methods in a prospective community‐based cohort. In this study, 2227 participants (1257 females) with a baseline bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score were enrolled from the Ansung cohort. The primary endpoint was the fragility fractures reported by patients or confirmed by X‐rays. We used 3 different models: CatBoost, support vector machine (SVM), and logistic regression. During a mean 7.5‐year follow‐up (range, 2.5 to 10 years), fragility fractures occurred in 537 (25.6%) of participants. In predicting total fragility fractures, the area under the curve (AUC) values of the CatBoost, SVM, and logistic regression models were 0.688, 0.500, and 0.614, respectively. The AUC value of CatBoost was significantly better than that of FRAX (0.663; p < 0.001), whereas the the SVM and logistic regression models were not. Compared with the conventional models such as SVM and logistic regression, the CatBoost model had the best performance in predicting total fragility fractures (p < 0.001). According to feature importance in the CatBoost model, the top predicting factors (listed in order) were total hip, lumbar spine, and femur neck BMD, subjective arthralgia score, serum creatinine, and homocysteine. The latter three factors were listed higher than conventional predictors such as age or previous fracture history. In summary, we hereby report the development of a prediction model for fragility fractures using a machine‐learning method, CatBoost, which outperforms the FRAX model as well as two conventional machine‐learning models. The model was also able to propose novel high‐ranking predictors. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Nicotinamide N‐methyltransferase expression in SH‐SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells decreases oxidative stress
Authors: Mistry Rakhee J. , Klamt Fábio , Ramsden David B. , Parsons Richard B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNicotinamide N‐methyltransferase (NNMT) plays a central role in cellular metabolism, regulating pathways including epigenetic regulation, cell signalling, and energy production. Our previous studies have shown that the expression of NNMT in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH‐SY5Y increased complex I activity and subsequent ATP synthesis. This increase in ATP synthesis was lower than the increase in complex I activity, suggesting uncoupling of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. We, therefore, hypothesised that pathways that reduce oxidative stress are also increased in NNMT‐expressing SH‐Y5Y cells. The expression of uncoupling protein‐2 messenger RNA and protein were significantly increased in NNMT‐expressing cells (57% ± 5.2% and 20.1% ± 1.5%, respectively; P = .001 for both). Total GSH (22 ± 0.3 vs 35.6 ± 1.1 nmol/mg protein), free GSH (21.9 ± 0.2 vs 33.5 ± 1 nmol/mg protein), and GSSG (0.6 ± 0.02 vs 1 ± 0.05 nmol/mg protein; P = .001 for all) concentrations were significantly increased in NNMT‐expressing cells, whereas the GSH:GSSG ratio was decreased (39.4 ± 1.8 vs 32.3 ± 2.5; P = .02). Finally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content was decreased in NNMT‐expressing cells (0.3 ± 0.08 vs 0.12 ± 0.03; P = .039), as was the concentration of 8‐isoprostane F2α (200 ± 11.5 vs 45 ± 2.6 pg/mg protein; P = .0012). Taken together, these results suggest that NNMT expression reduced ROS generation and subsequent lipid peroxidation by uncoupling the mitochondrial membrane potential and increasing GSH buffering capacity, most likely to compensate for increased complex I activity and ATP production.
Exploring the binding mechanism of HDAC8 selective inhibitors: Lessons from the modification of Cap group
Authors: Zhang Min , Ying Jun Biao , Wang Song Song , He Dian , Zhu Hongtian , Zhang Chenghong , Tang Lei , Lin Ruili , Zhang Yang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe abnormal expression of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) has been reported to associate with various cancer entities (colon, breast cancer, pancreas, etc.) as well as parasitic diseases, making HDAC8 gradually develop into an attractive and potential therapeutic target. Among the various design strategies of selective HDAC8 inhibitors (modification of Cap, Linker, or zinc binding group regions), the optimization of Cap region has aroused great interest among the researchers. However, the detailed information underlying how the modification of Cap region influences the inhibitory activities is still unclear, and in this study, compounds 2c, 3g, and 3n were selected to explore the differences in binding mechanisms brought by Cap modifications via various computational approaches at the atomic level. Five residues (Y293, H167, D254, D165, and M261) have a large difference in energy contributions to the constructed systems, and the subpocket formed by Y293 and M261 could interact with Cap groups, triggering the differences in the energy contributions of the residues (H167, D254, and D165) located in metal‐catalytic center. In summary, the compounds 2c, 3g, and 3n were selected as molecular probes to explore the binding mechanism, and the residues (Y293 and M261) forming the subpocket should be paid special attention in the design and synthesis of novel selective HDAC8 inhibitors.
Development of a novel liposomal nanoparticle formulation of cisplatin to breast cancer therapy
Authors: Ghafari Mehrnaz , Haghiralsadat Fateme , Khanamani Falahati‐pour Soudeh , Zavar Reza Javad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCisplatin is one of the conventional drugs used in chemotherapy which has a potent antitumor function. However, due to the dangerous side effects, including the damage to DNA of the normal cells, its clinical use is limited. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize nanoliposome containing cisplatin. We optimized liposome formulations through the modification of the proportion of SPC80 (soybeanphospholipids with 75% phosphatidylcholine) and cholesterol content. Then, novel PEGylated liposomal formulations containing SPC80: cholesterol: DSPE‐mPEG (at ratios of 85:10:5) were designed and developed to serve as a therapy to achieve more improved pharmaceutical efficiency. Zeta Sizer showed that PEGylated nanoliposomes had a mean diameter of 119.7 ± 2.1 nm, a zeta potential of −26.03 ± 1.34 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 96.65 ± 3%. The optimum formulations represented sustained, thermo‐sensitive release, and augmented cellular uptake. The cytotoxic effect of the liposomal drug was higher than the free medication drug that confirmed the efficiency of cellular uptake. This study suggests that nanoliposome‐loaded cisplatin plays a vital role in improving drug efficacy and the reduction of dosage.
A preliminary study for the establishment of a reference interval for vitamin B12 in China after performance verification of a second‐generation ECLIA kit
Authors: Jiang Wencan , Men Shasha , wen Xinyu , Yuan Xiaozhou , Pu Danna , Liu Xiaoting , Jia Xingwang , Wang Chengbin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe second‐generation electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) kit of vitamin B12 is widely used in clinical laboratories, and the establishment of a reference interval (RI) is essential to provide the basis for clinical monitoring. The purpose of this study was to establish a laboratory RI for vitamin B12 in China and at the same time verify the method performance of the second‐generation kit.MethodsThe verification of the method performance was conducted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Based on these guidelines, a total of 580 serum samples were collected, and 391 serum samples were used for the establishment of the RI according to CLSI guidelines. The subjects were grouped by sex and age. The age groups were as follows: 21‐40, 41‐60, and 61‐80 years. The RI was defined by nonparametric 2.5th and 97.5th percentile intervals.ResultsThe performance of the second‐generation kit of vitamin B12 from the Roche Cobas E602 system was in compliance with laboratory requirements. Serum vitamin B12 levels conformed to a non‐Gaussian distribution. Harris‐Boyd's test did not indicate partitioning for different age and gender group. Besides, there was no significant difference between different age groups (P = .07) and gender groups (P = .2002). The RI for healthy Chinese adults (aged 21‐80 years) calculated by the nonparametric method was 250.8‐957.1 pg/mL.ConclusionsThe reference range of vitamin B12 was established, which provided a theoretical basis for the clinical application and monitoring of vitamin B12 detection.
Serving those who serve: Psychotherapy with military clients
Authors: Raskin Patricia M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAs in the Vietnam era, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan are not the focus of the nightly news. Nevertheless, there are countless numbers of individuals enlisting, serving, deploying, redeploying, and leaving military branches every day. These individuals are underserved in many ways, especially after they end their formal relationship with their service. The purpose of this introduction is to describe the ongoing concerns and psychological problems of our military personnel and the efforts, described by the authors of papers in this issue, to address these concerns and problems.
Psychotherapy for veterans navigating the military‐to‐civilian transition: A case study
Authors: Stevenson Brian J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVeterans face a range of challenges as they transition out of the military and into civilian life. For some, this period of transition is characterized by loss of identity, loss of daily structure, loss of community, and confusion about where they fit within society. If not attended to, problems associated with the military‐to‐civilian transition can lead to significant functional impairment. Yet, little is known about how psychotherapy can support this period of adjustment that every veteran will face. This article presents a case study of a veteran struggling to adjust to the civilian world following his service in the military. Critical areas of assessment, conceptualization, and intervention are explicated to help inform best practices for mental health providers working with veterans.
Lubrication performance of aqueous copolymer lubricants with phosphate ester additive at different temperature on the Si surface
Authors: Lin Bingjing , Tieu A. Kiet , Zhu Hongtao , Kosasih Buyung , Novareza Oyong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe lubrication performance of adsorbed triblock copolymers polypropylene oxide‐polyethylene oxide‐polypropylene oxide (PPO–PEO–PPO) with phosphate ester films at different temperature on the Si surface was investigated using a pin‐on‐disc tribometer. The results revealed that the molecular architecture of the triblock copolymer and the temperature had a significant influence on the tribological behaviour. The triblock copolymer with a higher weight percentage of PPO exhibited a better lubrication performance both below and above the cloud point. However, when the temperature is above the cloud point, the adsorbed PPO–PEO–PPO film showed worse lubricity than that below the cloud point. The addition of phosphate ester to the triblock copolymer solution resulted in the decrease of the coefficient of friction and the improvement of the anti‐wear property. Moreover, with the added phosphate ester, the tribological performance became insensitive to the temperature.
UF‐5000 flow cytometer: A new technology to support microbiologists’ interpretation of suspected urinary tract infections
Authors: Ippoliti Roberto , Allievi Isabella , Rocchetti Andrea 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis case study aims to describe the adoption of an innovative flow cytometer (i.e., UF‐5000), which can support the microbiologists’ process of diagnosing suspected urinary tract infections (UTIs). The new clinical information provided can be used to improve the identification of both contamination and colonization, thus reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions. In July and August 2017, the Microbiology Laboratory of Alessandria (Italy) conducted a retrospective monocentric study analyzing data about 1,295 urine specimens from inpatients and outpatients with symptoms of UTIs. The results of this study show that the innovative technology can successfully support the diagnostic process in microbiology laboratories and, consequently, the supply of sustainable treatments by hospitals.
A comparison of dynamic thermal characteristics of planar and Fin GaN HEMTs
Authors: Chen Zhanfei , Sun Lingling , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this article, the dynamic thermal characteristic of planar and FinFET HEMTs are investigated using an analytical thermal impedance extraction method. The difference of dynamic thermal characteristic between GaN‐based planar and FinFET HEMTs has been compared. The results show that the FinFET transistor is less affected by thermal effect than the planar transistor by 50%. As the temperature rises significantly, the output power of the FinFET transistor is greater than that of the planar transistor. The results provide a reliable basis for selecting thermal management algorithms for circuits carrying various frequency components.
Covering edges in networks
Authors: Fröhlich Nicolas , Maier Andrea , Hamacher Horst W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper we consider the covering problem on a network G = (V, E) with edge demands. The task is to cover a subset J ⊆ E of the edges with a minimum number of facilities within a predefined coverage radius. We focus on both the nodal and the absolute version of this problem. In the latter, facilities may be placed everywhere in the network. While there already exist polynomial time algorithms to solve the problem on trees, we establish a finite dominating set (i.e., a finite subset of points provably containing an optimal solution) for the absolute version in general graphs. Complexity and approximability results are given and a greedy strategy is proved to be a (1 + ln(|J|))‐approximate algorithm. Finally, the different approaches are compared in a computational study.