bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guided and Unguided Biopsy in the Diagnostic of Periprosthetic Infections of the Knee – Evaluation of an Evidence-based Algorithm
Authors: Scheele Christian , Krauel Isabelle , Pohlig Florian , Muehlhofer Heinrich , Gerdesmeyer Ludger , Lasic Igor , Prodinger Peter Michael , Banke Ingo , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Harrasser Norbert 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Periprosthetic joint infection (PPI) is one of the most common reasons for revision in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Percutaneous synovial biopsy is considered as a well-established diagnostic tool in ambiguous cases of chronic pain after TKA. The exact number of undetected low-grade infections remains unclear.
Objectives The aim of this prospective study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of arthroscopically guided and unguided synovial biopsy. Additionally, the prevalence of initially undetected PPI during synovial biopsy and revision surgery was assessed.
Materials and Methods 40 patients suffering from chronic pain after TKA and the clinical suspicion of PPI were included in the study. Synovial biopsies were collected in a standardized manner first without and then with arthroscopic visual control. Using both techniques, six samples were collected each (5 for microbiology, 1 for histology). 19 patients, initially classified aseptic, underwent revision surgery later.
Results The diagnosis of PPI was made in 10.0% of unguided biopsies (4 cases, 2× microbiologically, 2× histologically), 7.5% of arthroscopic biopsies (3 cases, 3× histologically) and 12.5% (5 cases, 3× histologically, 2× microbiologically) of all cases. Only histologic evaluation led to concordant positive findings using both techniques in two patients. The proportion of non-representative biopsies was twice as high after unguided tissue collection than after arthroscopic biopsy (30.0 vs. 15.0%). Microbiologic evaluation of arthroscopically collected biopsies did not lead to the diagnosis of PPI, which might have been essential to the selection of the appropriate antimicrobial therapy. During revision surgery the diagnosis of PPI was made in 22.2% of cases.
Conclusions In patients suffering from chronic pain after TKA, periprosthetic low-grade infection was diagnosed in a relevant proportion of cases. Therefore, synovial biopsies for histological and microbiological evaluation should be collected whenever thereʼs clinical suspicion of PPI. For histological evaluation, samples should be collected using arthroscopic control and ideally multiple biopsies should be taken. For microbiological evaluation, excessive joint lavage should be avoided.
Two types of possessive passives in Japanese
Authors: Chen Yunchuan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Many East Asian languages have possessive passives, whose subjects are interpreted as the possessor of the direct
object. This paper investigates Japanese Possessive Passives (JPPs) and proposes that there are two types of possessive passives
in Japanese: one with a ‘by-phrase’ headed by ni (ni JPPs) and the other with a
‘by-phrase’ headed by ni yotte (ni yotte JPPs). While previous studies
assumed that JPPs are a sub-type of indirect passive, I propose that such an analysis is untenable. Instead, JPPs exhibit the same
dichotomy as ni-passives and ni yotte-passives exhibit (Kuroda 1979, Kitagawa & Kuroda 1992): While subjects of
ni JPPs are base-generated like ni-passives, subjects of ni yotte JPPs
undergo NP movement like ni yotte-passives.
Coupled experimental-computational analysis of primary static recrystallization in low carbon steel
Authors: Diehl Martin , Kühbach Markus 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Primary static recrystallization is a restoration process during which the critically strong deformed microstructure is atomistically reconstructed into a polycrystal with orders of magnitude lower defect density. Advances in diffraction methods catalyzed research activities directed towards more accurate understanding of recrystallization. While these efforts rendered most mechanisms by now qualitatively well understood, many quantitative details remain still unknown. Computer simulations are a viable option to provide qualitative insights into the complex recrystallization process as they provide unlimited observability. However, simulation tools for studying recrystallization in volumes that are significantly large enough for making predictions of mean-field descriptors, such as the distribution of grain sizes or texture evolution, are typically based on continuum models. The use of such models requires to accept certain assumptions on how the collective behavior of multiple thousands of atoms can be homogenized. One aspect of special importance for continuum models is the correct prediction of the nucleation process as it influences virtually all quantitative descriptors of the recrystallized microstructure. This study presents a one-to-one comparison of simulation results to quasi in situ scanning electron microcopy/electron backscatter diffraction results revealing how two different assumptions for the crystallographic orientation of the nuclei perform in reproducing the experimentally observed recrystallization microstructure. Moreover, by comparing the recrystallized microstructure at the surface and in the interior of the three-dimensional model, it is shown how quasi in situ experiments systematically underestimate the recrystallization rate and predict a distorted grain size distribution.
Tuning the order of the nonequilibrium quantum phase transition in a hybrid atom-optomechanical system
Authors: Mann N , Pelster A , Thorwart M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We show that a hybrid atom-optomechanical quantum many-body system with two internal atom states undergoes both first- and second-order nonequilibrium quantum phase transitions (NQPTs). A nanomembrane is placed in a pumped optical cavity, whose outcoupled light forms a lattice for an ultracold Bose gas. By changing the pump strength, the effective membrane-atom coupling can be tuned. Above a critical intensity, a symmetry-broken phase emerges which is characterized by a sizeable occupation of the high-energy internal states and a displaced membrane. The order of this NQPT can be changed by tuning the transition frequency. For a symmetric coupling, the transition is continuous below a certain transition frequency and discontinuous above. For an asymmetric coupling, a first-order phase transition occurs.
The effects of commercial privileges in late medieval Bordeaux, 1348–1449
Authors: Blackmore Robert 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article examines the impact of a developed bourgeois legal status on late medieval Bordeaux’s wine market, between 1348—the year of the arrival of the Black Death—and 1449, shortly before the end of Plantagenet rule (in 1453). Through their control of the city’s powerful commune, the bourgeoisie acquired a portfolio of commercial advantages that distorted the export market in the interests of its members: a minority of influential townspeople, ecclesiastics—both individuals and institutions—as well as knights and secular lords allied to the English crown. Using considerable new quantitative evidence from Bordeaux’s customs books, this group is shown to have increased its exports at a time when trade was in decline, and—in turn—invested profits in the city’s hinterland, its suburbs and the wider Bordelais.
Identification of the intersegmental plane during thoracoscopic segmentectomy: state of the art
Authors: Andolfi Marco , Potenza Rossella , Seguin-Givelet Agathe , Gossot Dominique 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDuring thoracoscopic segmentectomy, where direct palpation of the tumour is not always possible, achieving adequate margins from the cancer is of crucial importance. It is thus mandatory to accurately identify the intersegmental plane (ISP). Indeed, inadequate determination and division of the ISP can lead to unsatisfactory oncological results. Our systematic review focused on the effectiveness of the different techniques for identifying the ISP, highlighting the fact that a 1-size-fits-all method is not feasible. Based on the published evidence, 6 main methods were reported, each with its pros and cons: inflation–deflation technique, selective resected segmental inflation, systemic injection of indocyanine green, injection of endobronchial dye, 3-dimensional simulation using multidetector computed tomography and virtual-assisted lung mapping. In conclusion, ISP demarcation is mandatory to achieve a high rate of success of thoracoscopic segmentectomy, and it is very helpful in surgical planning, especially when preoperative multidetector computed tomography and 3-dimensional reconstructions are routinely performed.
Respiratory Epithelial Cells Can Remember Infection: A Proof of Concept Study
Authors: Bigot Jeanne , Guillot Loic , Guitard Juliette , Ruffin Manon , Corvol Harriet , Chignard Michel , Hennequin Christophe , Balloy Viviane 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Human bronchial epithelial cells play a key role in airway immune homeostasis. We hypothesized that these sentinel cells can remember a previous contact with pathogen compounds and respond nonspecifically to reinfection, a phenomenon called innate immune memory. We demonstrated that their pre-exposure to Pseudomonas aeruginosa flagellin modify their inflammatory response to a second, non-related stimulus, including live pathogens or lipopolysaccharide. Using histone acetyltransferase and methyltransferase inhibitors, we showed that this phenomenon relied on epigenetic regulation. This report is a major breakthrough in the field of multi-microbial respiratory tract infections, wherein control of inflammatory exacerbations is a major therapeutic issue.
Prionailurus rubiginosus (Carnivora: Felidae)
Authors: Langle Paige R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Prionailurus rubiginosus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1831), the smallest felid at nearly one-half the size of a domestic cat, is commonly called the rusty-spotted cat. One of five species in the genus Prionailurus, it is found in wet or dry deciduous forests as well as scrubby grasslands throughout Sri Lanka, India, and Nepal’s western Terai. Habitat loss, road accidents, and the spread of agricultural cultivation are considered major threats throughout its range. Rare in captivity and museum collections, it is considered “Near Threatened” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, with the Indian population listed under Appendix I and the Sri Lankan and Nepali populations listed with all Felidae under Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
Structural insight into the length-dependent binding of ssDNA by SP_0782 from Streptococcus pneumoniae, reveals a divergence in the DNA-binding interface of PC4-like proteins
Authors: Li Shuangli , Lu Guoliang , Fang Xiang , Ramelot Theresa A , Kennedy Michael A , Zhou Xin , Gong Peng , Zhang Xu , Liu Maili , Zhu Jiang , Yang Yunhuang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
SP_0782 from Streptococcus pneumoniae is a dimeric protein that potentially binds with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in a manner similar to human PC4, the prototype of PC4-like proteins, which plays roles in transcription and maintenance of genome stability. In a previous NMR study, SP_0782 exhibited an ssDNA-binding property different from YdbC, a prokaryotic PC4-like protein from Lactococcus lactis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that although SP_0782 adopts an overall fold similar to those of PC4 and YdbC, the ssDNA length occupied by SP_0782 is shorter than those occupied by PC4 and YdbC. SP_0782 exhibits varied binding patterns for different lengths of ssDNA, and tends to form large complexes with ssDNA in a potential high-density binding manner. The structures of SP_0782 complexed with different ssDNAs reveal that the varied binding patterns are associated with distinct capture of nucleotides in two major DNA-binding regions of SP_0782. Moreover, a comparison of known structures of PC4-like proteins complexed with ssDNA reveals a divergence in the binding interface between prokaryotic and eukaryotic PC4-like proteins. This study provides insights into the ssDNA-binding mechanism of PC4-like proteins, and benefits further study regarding the biological function of SP_0782, probably in DNA protection and natural transformation.
Causal Inference Engine: a platform for directional gene set enrichment analysis and inference of active transcriptional regulators
Authors: Farahmand Saman , O’Connor Corey , Macoska Jill A , Zarringhalam Kourosh 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInference of active regulatory mechanisms underlying specific molecular and environmental perturbations is essential for understanding cellular response. The success of inference algorithms relies on the quality and coverage of the underlying network of regulator–gene interactions. Several commercial platforms provide large and manually curated regulatory networks and functionality to perform inference on these networks. Adaptation of such platforms for open-source academic applications has been hindered by the lack of availability of accurate, high-coverage networks of regulatory interactions and integration of efficient causal inference algorithms. In this work, we present CIE, an integrated platform for causal inference of active regulatory mechanisms form differential gene expression data. Using a regularized Gaussian Graphical Model, we construct a transcriptional regulatory network by integrating publicly available ChIP-seq experiments with gene-expression data from tissue-specific RNA-seq experiments. Our GGM approach identifies high confidence transcription factor (TF)–gene interactions and annotates the interactions with information on mode of regulation (activation vs. repression). Benchmarks against manually curated databases of TF–gene interactions show that our method can accurately detect mode of regulation. We demonstrate the ability of our platform to identify active transcriptional regulators by using controlled in vitro overexpression and stem-cell differentiation studies and utilize our method to investigate transcriptional mechanisms of fibroblast phenotypic plasticity.
American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery Position Statement on Magnetic Resonance-Guided Focused Ultrasound for the Management of Essential Tremor
Authors: Pouratian Nader , Baltuch Gordon , Elias W Jeff , Gross Robert ,   on behalf of the American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgeons
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy is a novel tool in the neurosurgical armamentarium for management of essential tremor (ET). Given the recent introduction of this technology, the American Society of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (ASSFN), which acts as the joint section representing the field of stereotactic and functional neurosurgery on behalf of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons and the American Association of Neurological Surgeons, provides here the expert consensus opinion on evidence-based best practices for the use and implementation of this treatment modality. Indications for treatment are outlined, including confirmed diagnosis of ET, failure to respond to first-line therapies, disabling appendicular tremor, and unilateral treatment are detailed, based on current evidence. Contraindications to therapy are also detailed. Finally, the evidence and authority on which the ASSFN bases this consensus position statement is detailed.
Flavor moonshine
Authors: Shiba Funai Shotaro , Sugawara Hirotaka 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The flavor moonshine hypothesis is formulated to suppose that all particle masses (leptons, quarks, Higgs, and gauge particles—more precisely, their mass ratios) are expressed as coefficients in the Fourier expansion of some modular forms just as, in mathematics, dimensions of representations of a certain group are expressed as coefficients in the Fourier expansion of some modular forms. The mysterious hierarchical structure of the quark and lepton masses is thus attributed to that of the Fourier coefficient matrices of certain modular forms. Our intention here is not to prove this hypothesis starting from some physical assumptions but rather to demonstrate that this hypothesis is experimentally verified and, assuming that the string theory correctly describes the natural law, to calculate the geometry (Kähler potential and the metric) of the moduli space of the Calabi–Yau manifold, thus providing a way to calculate the metric of the Calabi–Yau manifold itself directly from the experimental data.
Evaluating Association Between Coronary Calcifications Visualized During Invasive Coronary Angiography With Total Mortality
Authors: Movahed Mohammad Reza , Sattur Sudhakar , Vu John 
Published: October 2019

Background:
High calcium score is independently associated with a greater cardiac event rate. Using a large database of patients who underwent coronary angiography for clinical reasons, we evaluated the association between reported degree of coronary calcification with mortality and baseline risk factors.

Methods:
Using angiographic data of 1917 patients from 1993 to 1997, we studied any association between the locations of coronary calcium that were seen during coronary angiography with coronary artery risk factors. Furthermore, we correlated the locations of calcium with all cause mortality.

Results:
A total of 1917 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization from 1993 to 1997 were studied. Total mortality was 22.9%. There was no association between the classic coronary risk factors (history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus and family history) or race (White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian) with the occurrence of angiographic visible calcium in any location. Furthermore, we did not find any association between the locations of coronary calcium with all cause mortality. (All cause mortality occurred in 21.8% of patients with left main calcification vs. 23.3%, P = 0.63, in 24.6% of patients with left anterior descending artery calcification vs. 22.7%, P = 0.48, in 25.6% of patients with circumflex calcification vs. 23.1%, P = 0.52, in 25.7% of right coronary calcification vs. 22.7%, P = 0.47, in 24.6 of any coronary calcification vs. 22.5%, P = 0.4).

Conclusions:
Race, coronary risk factors, and all cause mortality are not associated with angiographic documented coronary calcification in any location in patients undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography.
Addressing Police Occupational Safety During an Opioid Crisis
Authors: Beletsky Leo , Abramovitz Daniela , Arredondo Jaime , Baker Pieter , Artamonova Irina , Marotta Phil , Mittal Maria Luisa , Rocha-Jimenez Teresita , Cepeda Javier A. , Morales Mario , Clairgue Erika , Patterson Thomas A. , Strathdee Steffanie A. 
Published: October 2019

Objective:
To develop and validate syringe threat and injury correlates (STIC) score to measure police vulnerability to needlestick injury (NSI).

Methods:
Tijuana police officers (N = 1788) received NSI training (2015 to 2016). STIC score incorporates five self-reported behaviors: syringe confiscation, transportation, breaking, discarding, and arrest for syringe possession. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between STIC score and recent NSI.

Results:
Twenty-three (1.5%) officers reported NSI; higher among women than men (3.8% vs 1.2%; P = 0.007). STIC variables had high internal consistency, a distribution of 4.0, a mode of 1.0, a mean (sd) of 2.0 (0.8), and a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 2.0 (1.2 to 2.6). STIC was associated with recent NSI; odds of NSI being 2.4 times higher for each point increase (P-value <0.0001).

Conclusions:
STIC score is a novel tool for assessing NSI risk and prevention program success among police.
Preferred Physical Therapist/Physical Therapist Assistant Relationship Content in a Doctor of Physical Therapy Curriculum: A Longitudinal Approach
Authors: Sellheim Debra Ough , Scholl Jessica 
Published: October 2019

Background and Purpose.
The need for physical therapist (PT) students to graduate with strong teamwork knowledge and skills has never been greater. Although many PT educational programs are preparing graduates to work effectively in an interprofessional team environment, attention to the corresponding importance of collaborative intraprofessional (PT/PT assistant [PTA]) preparation for efficient, cost-effective patient care must not be lost.

Method/Model Description.
Starting in the first course of the program, learning experiences on the preferred PT/PTA relationship are woven throughout multiple courses over the 3-year Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) curriculum. Students practice components of effective teaming, make decisions about the direction and supervision of a PTA, and deepen their understanding of the legal and ethical complexities of PT/PTA teams in practice. Specific learning activities on the PT/PTA relationship are described.

Outcomes.
Survey data and class learning experience and assignment feedback on the PT/PTA curriculum reveal multiple themes related to PT student learning using this model. Themes include increased understanding and confidence in PTA knowledge, skills, and roles; recognition of the potential for increased efficiency and improved patient care with PT/PTA teaming; and the importance of PT/PTA communication and relationship. Most respondents to a 1-year postgraduation alumnae/i survey report the collaborative PT/PTA educational experiences helped prepare them for clinical practice with PTAs.

Discussion.
The need for physical therapy services is increasing, and as professionals, PTs have an obligation to meet this need in a cost-effective way. Using the skills of a PTA continues to be an effective strategy to address this issue. PT students are often not prepared to direct and supervise PTAs in the clinic due to insufficient educational preparation.

Conclusion.
This curricular thread model incorporates content pertaining to direction and supervision of PTAs and intraprofessional team building across a 3-year DPT program to better prepare clinicians for practice.
Characteristic findings of acute spontaneous coronary artery dissection by cardiac computed tomography
Authors: Pozo-Osinalde Eduardo , García-Guimaraes Marcos , Bastante Teresa , Aguilera María Cruz , Rodríguez-Alcudia Daniel , Rivero Fernando , Hernández Susana , Jiménez-Borreguero Luis Jesús , Alfonso Fernando 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an infrequent cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS); however, its detection carries relevant clinical implications. Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) has been found to be useful for follow-up, but data during the acute phase are scarce. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the early diagnostic ability of CCT to detect SCAD.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed all the in-hospital CCT performed in a prospective cohort of patients with SCAD from 2012 to 2016. An independent expert blindly evaluated the studies and described the radiologic characteristics of the lesions. These features were compared with the invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings.

Results:
18 lesions were analyzed from 12 episodes identified in 11 patients (100% females; median age of 57 years old). CCT recognized the presence of SCAD in 14 (78%) of the lesions, with four different morphological patterns. Most commonly (10, 71%) SCAD presented as a diffuse lumen narrowing surrounded by a ‘sleeve-like’ wall thickening, which corresponded to intramural hematoma in OCT evaluation. When compared with ICA, CCT showed a positive correlation (Spearman’s Rho = 0.775; P = 0.001) and excellent concordance (ICC = 0.8; P = 0.004) in stenosis grading, but not for lesion length and minimal luminal area.

Conclusion:
CCT was able to identify the presence of SCAD in most of the patients in the acute phase of this elusive and challenging clinical entity. In addition, in this setting, CCT revealed unique and distinct radiologic features and provided a precise assessment of lesion severity.