bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overall Survival Benefit in Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy and Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Propensity-Matched Population-Based Study
Authors: Chen Zhiju , Li Shaowei , Wang Yehong , Fu Zhiming , Liu Ning , Wang Hao , Liu Xin 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundIt is well known that neoadjuvant radiotherapy could reduce local recurrence followed by surgical resection. However, evidence about oncologic efficacy of radiotherapy and survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant radiotherapy is still lacking.MethodsThis retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study identified patients with pathologically confirmed rectal cancer and receiving surgery with curative intent from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 2004 through 2014. Overall survival was compared using the stratified log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used for identifying risk factor and developing prediction nomogram.ResultsA total of 22,008 (11,004 for each group) propensity-matched patients were identified. In the context of receiving adjuvant chemotherapy after surgical resection, there was no significant difference in terms of overall survival between surgery alone group and neoadjuvant radiotherapy and surgery group, whether for stage I (log-rank test p = 0.467), stage II (log-rank test p = 0.310), or stage III (p = 0.994). In case of receiving a prior combination therapy of neoadjuvant radiotherapy and surgery, the following adjuvant chemotherapy could significantly improve overall survival for patients with stage I (log-rank test p &lt;0.001), stage II (log-rank test p = 0.038), and stage III (log-rank test p = 0.014). Nomogram integrating clinicopathologic factors was developed to predict survival benefit associated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Calibration and ROC curves validated promising performance for the nomogram.ConclusionPatients with rectal cancer underwent neoadjuvant radiotherapy yield acceptable outcomes and are more likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy in terms of overall survival. These data would be evidential for advocating consistency in guideline adherence to the use of adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant radiotherapy.
Chinese Herbal Medicine for Reducing Chemotherapy-Associated Side-Effects in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Sha , So Tsz-him , Tang Guoyi , Tan Hor-Yue , Wang Ning , Ng Bacon Fung Leung , Chan Chris Kam Wa , Yu Edwin Chau-Leung , Feng Yibin 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundChemotherapy usually induces a variety of side-effects in cancer treatment as it cannot tell normal cells apart from cancer cells and kills both. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been regarded as a potential effective intervention for relieving the side-effects of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.ObjectiveThis study aims to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of CHM as adjuvant therapy for reducing the chemotherapy-induced side-effects in the treatment of breast cancer.MethodsMain electronic databases were searched up to May 2020 for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of CHM on breast cancer patients with chemotherapy. The PRISMA statement was adopted in this study and meta-analyses were performed.ResultsThe included studies showed unsatisfied quality. Results based on available literature indicated that the adjunctive use of CHM with chemotherapy may reduce the chemotherapeutic agents-associated adverse events, including nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, alopecia, myelosuppression, and impaired immune function.ConclusionA confident conclusion could not be have due to the lack of large scale and high quality trials.
Influence of Cigarettes and Alcohol on the Severity and Death of COVID-19: A Multicenter Retrospective Study in Wuhan, China
Authors: Dai Mengyuan , Tao Liyuan , Chen Zhen , Tian Zhi , Guo Xiaofang , Allen-Gipson Diane S. , Tan Ruirong , Li Rui , Chai Li , Ai Fen , Liu Miao 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe recent emergence and rapid global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is leading to public health crises worldwide. Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking (CS) are two known risk factors in many diseases including respiratory infections.MethodsWe performed a multi-center study in the four largest hospitals designated for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan. There are totally 1547 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 enrolled in the study, alcohol consumption and CS history were evaluated among these patients. The epidemiology, laboratory findings and outcomes of patients contracted COVID-19 were further studied.ResultsOur findings indicated that COVID-19 patients with a history of CS tend to have more severe outcomes than non-smoking patients. However, alcohol consumption did not reveal significant effects on neither development of severe illness nor death rates in COVID-19 patients.ConclusionCS is a risk factor for developing severe illness and increasing mortality during the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We believe that our findings will provide a better understanding on the effects of alcohol intake and CS exposure in COVID-19 patients.
Psychometric Properties of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR) in Depressed Adolescents
Authors: Zhang Wu-Yang , Zhao Yan-Jie , Zhang Yao , He Fan , Pan Hong-Qing , Cheung Teris , Ungvari Gabor S. , Li Shu-Ying , Xiang Yu-Tao 
Published: December 2020

Background: Accurate and reliable self-report measurement tools examining depressive symptoms are scant in child psychiatry. This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Chinese Version of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (C-QIDS-SR) in depressed adolescents in China.Methods: Adolescents with major depressive episodes or bipolar depressive episodes were assessed using the C-QIDS-SR. The structure validity of the C-QIDS-SR was estimated using principal component analysis with varimax rotation.Results: A total of 246 depressed adolescents were included in the study. Cronbach's alpha was 0.77. The correlation coefficient between the baseline and endpoint assessments was 0.49 (p &lt; 0.001), whereas, the correlation coefficient between the C-QIDS-SR and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression−17 items (HAMD-17) was 0.63 (p &lt; 0.001). Principal component analysis with varimax rotation demonstrated the unidimensional structure of the C-QIDS-SR.Conclusion: The C-QIDS-SR is a reliable and valid instrument with acceptable psychometric properties to measure depressive symptoms in adolescents.
Medical Students' Awareness of Smell Loss as a Predictor for Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Aldrees Turki , Almatrafi Sharif , Aldriweesh Turki , Mokhatrish Mohammad , Salamh Abdulaziz , Alkholaiwi Feras 
Published: December 2020

Background: Anosmia has been reported as an early presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the pathophysiological mechanism of olfactory dysfunction is still unclear.Aim: The aim of this study to evaluate the knowledge regarding common symptoms, anosmia, treatment options, and PPE among medical students in three different universities of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This cross-sectional survey conducted among medical students in Saudi Arabia. Google Forms was used to create the survey. The questionnaire included demographic information, knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, sources of information, and the level of awareness of specific symptoms (loss of smell and taste).Results: A total of 494 students completed the questionnaire. The majority of the participants were aware of common COVID-19 symptoms like fever and cough (79.8 and 67.2%, respectively), but less than half were aware that smell or taste dysfunction might be a symptom of COVID-19 (44.3 and 30.2%, respectively). The present study revealed that the source of information also plays a critical role in medical students' awareness regarding the symptoms of COVID-19. Students using international organization's websites, medical databases, or published research had better knowledge of anosmia as a COVID-19 symptom compared to those who used WhatsApp, Google, or unofficial social media pages. In our study, a minority (11.9%) of the participants relied on unofficial social media pages as the main source of their information.Conclusion: Saudi medical students understand that smell or taste dysfunction can be a potential symptom of COVID-19, but this knowledge was not as widespread as the knowledge regarding the most common COVID-19 symptoms.
Efficiency over thoroughness in laboratory testing decision making in primary care: findings from a realist review
Authors: Duddy Claire , Wong Geoff 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundExisting research demonstrates significant variation in test-ordering practice, and growth in the use of laboratory tests in primary care. Reviews of interventions designed to change test-ordering practice report heterogeneity in design and effectiveness. Improving understanding of clinicians’ decision making in relation to laboratory testing is an important means of understanding practice patterns and developing theory-informed interventions.AimTo develop explanations for the underlying causes of patterns of variation and increasing use of laboratory tests in primary care, and make recommendations for future research and intervention design.Design & settingRealist review of secondary data from primary care.MethodDiverse evidence, including data from qualitative and quantitative studies, was gathered via systematic and iterative searching processes. Data were synthesised according to realist principles to develop explanations accounting for clinicians’ decision making in relation to laboratory tests.ResultsA total of 145 documents contributed data to the synthesis. Laboratory test ordering can fulfil many roles in primary care. Decisions about tests are incorporated into practice heuristics and tests are deployed as a tool to manage patient interactions. Ordering tests may be easier than not ordering tests in existing systems. Alongside high workloads and limited time to devote to decision making, there is a common perception that laboratory tests are relatively inconsequential interventions. Clinicians prioritise efficiency over thoroughness in decision making about laboratory tests.ConclusionInterventions to change test-ordering practice can be understood as aiming to preserve efficiency or encourage thoroughness in decision making. Intervention designs and evaluations should consider how testing decisions are made in real-world clinical practice.
The Ukrainian Employers’ Experience of Introducing Dual Studies: The First-Year Results of the National Experiment
Authors: Buchynska Olena , Davlikanova Olena , Lylyk Iryna 
Published: December 2020

The transition to the knowledge-based economy emphasizes the need of bridging the gap between the employers’ needs and expectations with regard to their employees’ knowledge and skills and the existing level of the knowledge and skills of the workforce, including the graduates of tertiary educational establishments (TEEs). One of the instruments that has already proven its efficiency in “building bridges” between the companies and higher educational institutions is dual studies (DS). Companies view such cooperation as the investment in its competitiveness, which, in its turn, is viewed as one of the factors of the national economic development. Thus, the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Office in Ukraine (FES-Ukraine) launched a project aimed at presenting and adapting the experience of Germany in dual studies organization in 2013. As a result, in 2019, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (MES) launched a national experiment on introducing DS in 44 pre-tertiary and tertiary educational establishments. The article aims to present the results of the survey conducted among the Ukraine-based employers that participated in the first year of this experiment. The authors’ questionnaire survey was carried out from June to September 2020. The respondents included 111 companies indicated as partners by the TEEs listed in the ministerial Order #1296 on the launch of the experiment planned for the period of 2019-2023. The answers were obtained from 93 companies, 55 of which presented details of TEE-company cooperation. The data obtained allowed performing both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The findings show that companies are interested in dual studies and are ready to invest in training students as their potential employees. German approaches to the DS organization cannot be simply copied due to the specific features of the national legislation and the state of the national economy. However, they may be successfully adapted and implemented in Ukraine. Therefore, the obtained information has been used for elaborating recommendations to the stakeholders (TEEs, employers and their associations, the MES and other relevant state bodies etc.).
Reseña de: Vicente Jesús Díaz Burillo. Las transiciones de la Iglesia (1962-1987). Del repliegue a la revancha. Granada: Comares, 2019, 260 páginas
Authors: Gabirondo Julieta 
Published: December 2020

El libro Las transiciones de la Iglesia (1962-1987). Del repliegue a la revancha del historiador Vicente Jesús Díaz Burillo se propone reconstruir un periodo de más de veinte años de la Iglesia Católica para identificar los cambios y continuidades de una de las instituciones más importantes de la época, pero también tiene el objetivo de brindar respuestas y posibles interpretaciones a su presencia trascendental aún en el siglo XXI.
Debates en el campo de la Niñez
Authors: Finos Luisina , Juárez Natalia , Santa Cruz María Sol 
Published: December 2020

1 El presente artículo fue presentado en carácter de Ponencia en la XI Reunión de Antropología delMERCOSUR, realizado en Uruguay en el mes de diciembre 2015.

El campo actual de la Niñez, se constituye en un entramado complejo de interrelaciones, que conllevan a relaciones caóticas, conflictivas, complejas, donde el anudamiento no siempre logra disiparse, sino que se constituye como lo característico de las intervenciones en este campo. Desde el análisis de una situación de vulneración de derechos por la que ha atravesado un niño de la Ciudad de Rosario (Provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina), se busca problematizar acerca del Sistema de Protección Integral, que se crea desde la sanción de la Ley 12.967 “Promoción y Protección integral de los Derechos de los Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes”, sancionada en el año 2009, analizando principalmente desde la noción de institucionalidad y las lógicas de intervención que se constituyen como instituidas.
Una reflexión acerca de retos y dilemas para el Trabajo Social
Authors: Correa Sebastián 
Published: December 2020

Construcción de paz en Colombia en el escenario de post acuerdo con la guerrilla de las FARC-EP
Colombia ha vivido un conflicto armado de más de 50 años, llevando a la búsqueda de una salida política negociada en los últimos años, con el fin de construir la paz. El presente ensayo intentará reflexionar acerca de los retos y dilemas del Trabajo Social en los procesos de acompañamiento y reparación integral a víctimas, en el marco de la construcción de paz en Colombia, luego de firmado el acuerdo en la Habana entre las FARC y el gobierno nacional. Para tal fin, se abordarán algunas características generales de carácter sociohistórico del conflicto armado en Colombia, sus principales impactos y daños en la población, con el fin de plantear algunos retos de la acción profesional de Trabajo Social en contextos de construcción de paz.
Paseo del Bajo:
Authors: Croce Federico Martín 
Published: December 2020

Desde los orígenes de lo que hoy conocemos como la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, las actividadesen relación al puerto fueron la base de sustento, de desarrollo y una de las principales formas de dominio económico de la ciudad sobre el resto del territorio del Virreinato primero y de la República después. La relación de la primitiva aldea con el río, su pobre o nula infraestructura portuaria y la muy moderna ciudad actual, con sus grandes puertos y su casi intacta hegemonía en términos de actividades comerciales asociadas a la exportación e importación de todo tipo de productos, hicieron que la fisonomía urbana y la relación de los habitantes de la ciudad con el río se vieran modificadas notablemente. Este proceso histórico es posible verlo a partir de los diferentes estratos sedimentarios que se fueron acumulando a través de los años y que recientemente han quedado expuestos por una mega obra.
La construcción del Paseo del Bajo ha sido, tal vez, una de las oportunidades más interesantes para rescatar parte de ese pasado, ya que se trata de una operación urbana que requirió de una excavación de unos 3km de longitud y 18 m de profundidad. Lamentablemente no hubo una intervención de profesionales idóneos en materia de rescate arqueológico,, por lo que se perdió la posibilidad de estudiar una parte de la historia Argentina en condiciones muy poco convencionales pero muy provechosas en cuanto a la cantidad de material removido.
Gravedad en la estructura andina segmento 18°-42° S
Authors: Araneda Manuel , Avendaño María Soledad , Pastorino María Inés , Araneda Álvaro 
Published: December 2020

Nuevos datos del campo potencial de la gravedad en los Andes Centrales entre las latitudes 18°-42° S, asociados a datos geofísicos y geológicos existentes, permiten en parte clarificar la estructura cortical del cordón montañoso y su engrosamiento. Evidencias estructurales de la corteza son reconocidas mediante datos sísmicos, gravimétricos y proyecciones geológicas. Dicha estructura y su composición cambian significativamente de este a oeste, en la parte este del retroarco, la discontinuidad de Moho se reconoce claramente, sin embargo, las mediciones de la sísmica activa en el altiplano y cordillera occidental se observan solamente llegadas débiles del Moho, esto no sucede en el análisis de los datos de la sismología de banda ancha, los cuales indican una discontinuidad aproximada a los 70 km. Por otra parte, al oeste de esta estructura a lo largo de la costa, el Moho oceánico se desarrolla a una profundidad aproximada de 40 km, la cual disminuye de norte a sur de acuerdo a la altura y ancho de la estructura andina.Las propiedades petrológicas de las rocas que conforman la corteza profunda, pueden cambiar por diversos procesos que mediante el análisis, presentan variaciones de la clásica discontinuidad del Moho que no necesariamente corresponden a un límite petrológico corteza-manto. El acortamiento tectónico en el retroarco es el proceso dominante que contribuye a la formación de la raíz de los Andes Centrales. Adicionalmente, en el antearco y arco, la hidratación de la cuña del manto produce en parte un engrosamiento cortical lo cual se traduce en un cambio en el gradiente regional del campo potencial de la gravedad.
Este gradiente se observa en la dirección este-oeste y de norte a sur, cuyos valores en la dirección este-oeste varían entre los 2.9x10-⁵ ms-2 por kilómetro en el sector de Arica-Iquique y 1.01x10-⁵ ms-2 por kilómetro en el sector de Valdivia- Puerto Montt. Este gradiente es gradual en el sentido norte-sur. Al mismo tiempo la anomalía de Bouguer varía en el mismo sentido, siendo las mayores variaciones de 380x10-⁵ ms-2 en el sector de Antofagasta y de -50x10-⁵ ms-2 en el sector de Puerto Montt.
Caracterización y estadística de señales volcánicas en los Andes, casos de estudio volcanes Reventador y Cotopaxi en Ecuador
Authors: Ort´íz Hugo 
Published: December 2020

El proyecto “Caracterización y estadística de señales volcánicas en los Andes, casos de estudio volcanes Reventador y Cotopaxi en Ecuador” (GEOF 02 2019), formó parte del Programa de Asistencia Técnica del año 2019 del Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia. Contempló trabajos de campo en el volcán Reventador en tres ocasiones, para descarga de datos y mantenimiento de las estaciones acústicas CON, LAV y AZU.
Excitation light intensity dependence of 2.2 eV yellow photoluminescence of n-type GaN
Authors: Fujii Katsushi , Goto Takenari , Nakamura Shinichiro , Yao Takafumi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The room-temperature 2.2 eV photoluminescence intensity of n-type GaN grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy was found at lower excitation intensities to be proportional to excitation intensity and at higher excitation intensities to be proportional to the 1/3 power of the excitation intensity. That of undoped bulk GaN grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy, however, was proportional to the excitation intensity throughout the excitation region. The luminescence is thought from the intensity proportional to the 1/3 power of the excitation intensity not to be the result of a conventional process. The observed proportionality is well explained by exciton–exciton annihilation in one-dimensional structures.
Equidade em saúde: Reflexões do princí­pio doutrinário potencializador da atenção primária a saúde
Authors: Pinheiro Evangelista Brenda , Bezerra Duarte Rafael , De Freitas Kerma Márcia , Pinheiro Evangelista Breno , Lopes de Oliveira Maria Edméa , Paulo Xavier Silva João 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: analisar as contribuições do princí­pio equidade no contexto da Atenção Primária í Saúde, bem como assistência de enfermagem no âmbito da equidade em saúde. Método: Realizou-se um estudo de revisão bibliográfica de literatura na SciELO e LILACS, realizada no perí­odo de julho de 2020 a setembro de 2020, com os descritores em ciências da Saúde: "Atenção Primária í Saúde"; "Equidade em saúde" e "Sistema Único de Saúde", aplicando-se o operador "and", sendo os critérios de inclusão Lí­ngua Portuguesa, textos completos e publicados no perí­odo de 2015 a 2020. Como critérios de exclusão artigos de revisão, duplicados e que não contemplavam o objetivo. Resultados: Utilizando-se 13 artigos para o estudo. Discussão: A equidade é potencializadora do Sistema Único de saúde, na qual apresenta a resolutividade das ações e da assistência de enfermagem. Conclusão: A equidade reduz as desigualdades durante as práticas de saúde, proporcionando o cuidado pautado nas polí­ticas públicas.
Profissionais de Saúde no Enfrentamento da COVID-19: infecções e óbitos laborais na pandemia no Ceará
Authors: Mendonça Viana Diego , Rodolfo de Sá Batista Risolinda , Rocha Barreto de Carvalho Maria Luí­za , Da Silva Cristiano José , Dos Santos Mota Joverlândia 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: discutir o impacto de infecções e de óbitos por COVID-19 nos trabalhadores da saúde em ações de enfrentamento í pandemia no estado do Ceará. Método: trata-se de uma análise qualitativa de dados secundários relativos í COVID-19 em profissionais da saúde disponibilizados em banco de dados públicos e em estudos cientí­ficos publicados. Resultado: evidenciou-se que foram infectados profissionais de enfermagem, médicos e agentes comunitários de saúde, destacando-se maior incidência de óbito em médicos, profissionais de enfermagem e condutores de ambulância. As profissionais do sexo feminino foram as mais contaminadas, no entanto os óbitos atingiram majoritariamente o sexo masculino. A faixa etária mais atingida foi de 25 a 49 anos. Conclusão: os profissionais de saúde dos epicentros da pandemia no estado foram os mais atingidos, e a dificuldade no fornecimento de equipamentos de proteção individual nos sistemas de saúde contribuiu para a ocorrência de muitos óbitos, segundo dados da literatura consolidada.