bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a Combination Product containing Sarolaner, Moxidectin and Pyrantel (Simparica Trio ®) against induced infestations of Haemaphysalis longicornis on dogs
Authors: Kryda Kristina , Naito Masaya , Fuji Takeshi , Hodge Andrew , Maeder Steven 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The efficacy of Simparica Trio® (Zoetis), an oral combination product for dogs containing sarolaner, moxidectin, and pyrantel pamoate, was evaluated against Haemaphysalis longicornis, the most common tick species affecting dogs in the East Asia / Pacific region and an exotic species now reported from multiple states within the USA.
Methods
Two groups of 8 dogs each were ranked based on pretreatment tick counts and randomly allocated to treatment on Day 0 with either placebo or Simparica Trio at the minimum label dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 µg/kg moxidectin, and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). Dogs were infested with 50 viable adult H. longicornis on Days − 2, 5, 12, 19, 26, and 33. Tick counts were conducted for all dogs 48 hours after treatment and subsequent re-infestations.
Results
A single oral administration of Simparica Trio was 98.9% effective in treating existing H. longicornis infestation when considering live, attached (feeding) ticks. Efficacy remained > 98% in preventing re-infestation for at least 35 days, and the geometric mean live, attached tick counts for Simparica Trio-treated dogs were significantly lower than for placebo-treated dogs (P < 0.0001) at all time points assessed in the study. Geometric mean total live (attached and free) tick counts for dogs treated with Simparica Trio were also significantly lower (P < 0.0001) than those for placebo-treated dogs at each time point. No adverse events were reported for any dogs throughout the duration of the study.
Conclusions
One dose of Simparica Trio at minimum label dose was highly efficacious in treating and controlling adult H. longicornis in dogs for more than one month.
Generation of a novel mouse model of nemaline myopathy due to recurrent NEB exon 55 deletion
Authors: Coulson Zachary , Kolb Justin , Sabha Nesrin , Karimi Esmat , Hourani Zaynab , Ottenheijm Coen , Granzier Henk , Dowling James J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Biallelic pathogenic variants in the nebulin (NEB) gene lead to the congenital muscle disease nemaline myopathy. In-frame deletion of exon 55 (ΔExon55) is the most common disease-causing variant in NEB. Previously, a mouse model of NebΔExon55 was developed; however, it presented an uncharacteristically severe phenotype with a near complete reduction in Neb transcript expression that is not observed in NEB exon 55 patients. We identified by RNA sequencing that the cause of this unexpectedly severe presentation in mice is the generation of a pseudoexon containing two premature termination codons (and promoting nonsense mediated decay) at the Neb exon 55 deletion site. To prove that this is the cause of the loss of Neb transcript, and to generate a more faithful model of the human disease, we used CRISPR gene editing to remove the pseudoexon sequence and replace it with human intron 54 sequence containing a validated cas9 gRNA protospacer. The resulting “hmz” mice have a significant reduction in pseudoexon formation (93.6% reduction), and a re-introduction of stable Neb transcript expression. This new model has the characteristic features of nemaline myopathy at the physiological, histological, and molecular levels. Importantly, unlike the existing exon 55 deletion mice (which die by age 7 days), it survives beyond the first months and exhibits obvious signs of neuromuscular dysfunction. It thus provides a new, robust model for studying pathomechanisms and developing therapies for NEB related nemaline myopathy.
Influencing Factors and Predictive Modeling of the Urban Heat Island in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Huang Yiming , Du Ping , Li Hui , Zhang Jinqu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Constructing a predictive model for urban heat islands (UHIs) is essential for accurately assessing urban thermal environments and guiding sustainable development strategies. Previous studies typically modeled urban heat island based on the entire city, ignoring the differences of influencing factors between local areas. Therefore, this article explores the impact of influencing factors on local heat island based on Local Climate Zones (LCZ) zoning. We first prepared 21 features, and then created an urban heat island prediction model using machine learning technology it in each LCZ region. The prediction results were compared to those from Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Trees (GBT), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). Experimental results indicate that the XGBoost model offers higher accuracy in predicting UHI, with accuracy exceeding 80%. The SHAP (SHapley Additive ExPlanations) analysis found significant elements impacting UHI formation in each zone, including impervious surface density (ISD), building density (BD), green space density (GSD), and the richness of vegetation. This study not only improves the accuracy of UHI predictions, but also provides the groundwork for future research into the dynamic planning of urban heat islands.
Overcoming data scarcity in life-threatening arrhythmia detection: A deep learning framework for life-saving interventions
Authors: Monachino Giuliana , Zanchi Beatrice , Wand Michael , Conte Giulio , Tzovara Athina , Faraci Francesca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Life-threatening arrhythmias (LTAs) are a leading cause of death worldwide. Enhancing LTA detection in wearable monitoring systems is of great significance. We present a powerful deep-learning (DL) algorithm for detecting LTAs from single-lead ECGs, intended for application in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). To address the challenge of limited labeled LTA data, a transfer learning approach is proposed. A DL model is pre-trained on a massive dataset (72'952 recordings) for rhythm classification and then fine-tuned on the target dataset with LTA events (102 recordings). The resulting model achieves a sensitivity of 92.68% and a specificity of 99.48%, with a granularity of 1.28 seconds, in detecting LTAs. Additionally, a confidence estimation procedure is introduced, to enable emergency service pre-alerts in case of low-confidence detections. Our study explores the impact of transfer learning in overcoming data scarcity issues, advancing LTA detection in wearable monitoring systems, and supporting rapid, life-saving interventions in OHCA emergencies.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PORNOGRAPHY USE AND DEVELOPMENT OF
SEXIST BEHAVIORS IN YOUNG UNIVERSITY NURSING STUDENTS.
Authors: Ortega-Donaire Lucía , García Inmaculada Sánchez , Bailén-Expósito Jéssica , Ramírez-de-Dios Irene , Montoro-Ramírez Eva Mª , Sanz-Martos Sebastián 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between pornography consumption and sexist attitudes in 179 university nursing students at the University of Jaen. Problematic consumption and attitudes toward pornography were measured, as well as the existence of prejudices toward women (ambivalent sexism). This study followed the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) and TIDieR (Template for the Description and Replication of Interventions) guidelines. Descriptive statistics were carried out on all the data. A bivariate analysis was conducted with the scores of the three scales as dependent variables and the sociodemographic variables as independent variables, in addition to a multivariate analysis using a multiple linear regression model. Male participants had a significantly higher score in pornography consumption and ambivalent sexism, as well as participants with religious beliefs (p˂0.001). Furthermore, significant differences were found for the problematic consumption scale depending on the educational level of the parents (p=0.027; p=0.013). The final regression model showed a moderate correlation value (R=394) and a significant improvement in explanatory capacity (F= 16.169; p˂0.001). The study reveals that young people begin to consume pornography at increasingly younger ages. Furthermore, a connection was found between high pornography consumption and sexist attitudes, especially in religious men. Children of parents with a lower educational level tend to have problematic pornography consumption. These findings underscore the importance of implementing sexuality education programs in universities to promote healthy attitudes toward sexuality and challenge gender stereotypes present in pornography.
Genetic diversity of the Grain Gene Bank provided Pisum sativum (L.) accessions, including Chinese Core collection, in rainfall conditions in western Algeria using phenotypic markers
Authors: Dahlia Fatima , Drici Khaled , Laidi Habiba , Salah Omar , Kedjaout Hanane , Benchohra Atika 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

To achieve food security in the face of fast population expansion and climate change, it is vital to expand agriculture in developing countries and increase productivity while preserving natural resources. Using genetic resources, plant breeders can create new and enhanced cultivars that possess advantageous traits (adaption, production, and resistance). The current study aims to characterize 95 Pisum sativum accessions grown in rainfall conditions in western Algeria to use them in breeding programs or upgrade existing plant material. The pea accessions provided by the USDA Grains Gene Bank were installed in rainfall conditions. Morphological, phenological, and agronomic assessments were carried out. The statistical analysis revealed significant variation between the accessions for all studied parameters. Five clusters were identified through the classification process. Factor analyses of mixed data of 19 traits identified nine principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1 accounting 73.979% of the total variation. The initial two dimensions explain 32.277% of the variance, with the first dimension contributing 18.426% and the second dimension contributing 13.85%. The traits were associate in three negatively correlating groups. The classification of accessions for the assessed parameters revealed that the accessions P. sativum-Eth (1), PI 193843, Ma Rou Wan, Tai Ba Cou, and Bai Wan (3) were the best-performing accessions. The accessions L 1918, L 1944, and L 1405 were the tardiest, however the accessions Liu Tang Ke Wan, JI 159, and PIS 511 were earlier. Numerous accessions demonstrated desirable features, allowing them to be chosen and used in plant improvement and/or varietal creation programs.
Photocatalytic Ozonation of Deltamethrin: A 3D Response Surface Methodology Approach
Authors: Asghar Waqar ,   Javaid Akhtar1
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Excessive use of pesticide is known to be hazardous to the environment, soil fertility and may impart toxicity in living beings. Nowadays different Advanced Oxidation Processes have been used to treat pesticide pollution. Among all these AOPs Photocatalytic ozonation is most effective and inexpensive. In this study deltamethrin was degraded from synthetic wastewater using photocatalytic ozonation. TiO2/WO3 catalyst has been used and prepared from sol-gel method. For ozone gas constant flow ozonator has been used. To measure the combined effects of catalyst dosage, pH, and pesticide concentration on deltamethrin degradation, 3D response surface approach is utilized. Results of photocatalytic ozonation analysis show that 26% degradation of deltamethrin after 60 minutes of reaction time. By eliminating issues like catalyst recycling and making it simple to apply on an industrial scale, photocatalytic ozonation provides an effective and environmentally friendly method of treating pesticide.
Optimization of reactive black 5 dye removal onto kaolin filter cake activated carbon using response surface methodology
Authors: Alemayehu Amdework Belay , Alemayehu Esayas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This work investigates the removal of reactive black 5 (RB5) dye from textile wastewater, which poses significant environmental hazards, using kaolin filter cake (KFC), a new, affordable, and environmentally friendly adsorbent. The effectiveness of KFC's decolorization was assessed by adsorption tests that looked at batch process variables, such as pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and beginning dye concentration. FTIR, SEM, XRD, and BET techniques described the adsorbent's morphological and physicochemical characteristics. The adsorption data closely fit the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating a maximum adsorption capacity of 60.24 mg g-1. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order model. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the removal of RB5. Remarkably, KFC demonstrated excellent regeneration potential, retaining 60.52% of its adsorption capacity after five cycles. These findings suggest that KFC is a highly promising adsorbent with significant potential for sustainable, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and efficient applications in textile wastewater treatment.
Comprehensive assessment of variables affecting Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation in healthy subjects
Authors: Ghali Claudia , Fioretti Antonella , Scavone Mariangela , Bossi Elena , Clerici Bianca , Birocchi Simone , Popov Evgeny , Centola Marco , Podda Gianmarco , Cattaneo Marco 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Platelets in citrate-plasma from some subjects aggregate in light transmission aggregometer (LTA) without stimulation by exogenous agonists ("spontaneous platelet aggregation", SPA). Although SPA was shown to associate with cardiovascular risk, its clinical use is hampered by concerns about potential artifacts stemming from the use of citrate anticoagulant or platelet activation during incorrect blood samples collection/processing.
Objectives
We evaluated SPA in healthy subjects, collecting blood samples in different anticoagulants, using both LTA and the more sensitive Optical Density Fluctuations Aggregometer (ODFA), which can detect aggregates of 2–3 platelets, and following international recommendations to minimize untoward in vitro platelet activation.
Methods
We measured SPA in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in citrate, hirudin or citrate + hirudin from 104 healthy subjects. Citrate-PRP was tested also in presence of aspirin, to inhibit potential thromboxane-A2 synthesis by aggregating platelets in low Ca2+ medium.
Results
SPA was detected in citrate-PRP by LTA and ODFA, in hirudin-PRP by ODFA but not by LTA. The extent of SPA and aggregate size detected by ODFA in hirudin-PRP were smaller than in citrate-PRP. SPA in citrate + hirudin-PRP was equivalent to that in citrate-PRP. Aspirin inhibited secondary waves of aggregation observed in some citrate-PRP, without affecting primary waves. Age, sex and platelet count affected SPA in citrate-PRP but not in hirudin-PRP.
Conclusions
SPA is not a mere artifact due to in vitro platelet activation consequent to inappropriate sample processing, formation of trace-amounts of thrombin in citrate or other effects of citrate, which only amplifies it, making it detectable also by the low-sensitivity LTA.
DisEmbed : Embeddings for Disease
Authors: Faroz Salman 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The medical domain is vast and diverse, with many existing embedding models focused on general healthcare applications. However, these models often struggle to capture a deep understanding of diseases due to their broad generalization across the entire medical field. To address this gap, I present DisEmbed, a disease-focused embedding model. DisEmbed is trained on a synthetic dataset specifically curated to include disease descriptions, symptoms, and disease-related Q&A pairs, making it uniquely suited for disease-related tasks. For evaluation, I benchmarked DisEmbed against existing medical models using disease-specific datasets and the triplet evaluation method. My results demonstrate that DisEmbed outperforms other models, particularly in identifying disease-related contexts and distinguishing between similar diseases. This makes DisEmbed highly valuable for disease-specific use cases, including retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) tasks, where its performance is particularly robust.
КОРРЕКЦИЯ ТЕМПОРАЛЬНОГО РЕЖИМА И ПРОБЛЕМЫТЕОРИИ ИСТОРИИ. СТАТЬЯ 1
Authors: Ионов И.Н. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются проблема коррекции темпорального режима, критика проекта Модерна и становление представлений о позднем Новом времени. Продемонстрирована роль в этом процессе изучения фактора насилия и, в частности, феномена Холокоста. Показано, какие формы исторического сознания, восприятия времени, исторической памяти и мемориальной культуры рождались на этой основе у А. Ассман, З. Баумана, Н. Элиаса и его последователей. Подвергнут анализу и отчасти отклонен проект познавательной стратегии, предложенный Алейдой Ассман российским историкам. Показаны преимущества подхода школы Н. Элиаса к проблеме исторического знания в условиях позднего Нового времени.
The article explores the correction of the temporal regime, the criticism of the project of Modernity and the formation of ideas about the late Modernity. The author looks into the role of the studies focused on the factor of violence in general and the phenomenon of the Holocaust in particular, and shows forms of historical consciousness, perception of time, historical memory and memorial culture born in the condition of Late Modernity in works Aleida Assmann, Zygmunt Bauman, Norbert Elias and his followers. The draft cognitive strategy proposed by A. Assmann to Russian historians was analyzed and partly rejected. The advantages of the approach of N. Elias school to the problem of historical knowledge in the conditions of the late Modernity are demonstrated.
ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАНИЕ И ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ ПАМЯТЬВ СТРУКТУРЕ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ
Authors: Румянцева М.Ф. 
Published: December 2024

Предлагается динамическая модель исторической культуры; ее системообразующими составляющими выступают (1) смена типов рациональности / моделей науки: классическая – неклассическая – постнеклассическая; (2) смена «словарей»: словарь описания и объяснения – словарь интерпретации – словарь репрезентации. (3) модификация нарратива: становление метанарратива – его кризис – ренарративизация, (4) модификации исторической памяти: естественная коммеморация – «места памяти» – искусственная коммеморация. В фокусе исследования – взаимодействие научного исторического знания, исторического нарратива как основной формы презентации исторического знания и исторической памяти от постмодерна к постпостмодерну.
A dynamic model of historical culture is proposed, its system-forming components are (1) a change in the types of rationality / models of science: classical – nonclassical – post-nonclassical; (2) a change in “dictionaries”: a dictionary of description and explanation – a dictionary of interpretation – a dictionary of representation; (3) modification of the narrative: the formation meta-narrative – its crisis – re-narrativization, (4) modification of historical memory: a natural commemoration – “places of memory” – an artificial commemoration. The research focuses on the interaction of scientific historical knowledge, historical narrative as the main form of presentation of historical knowledge and historical memory from postmodern to post-postmodern.
СЕМЕЙНЫЕ И БРАЧНЫЕ УЗЫВ ЛЕГЕНДЕ ОБ ОСНОВАНИИ РИМА
Authors: Сидорович О.В. 
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируются сведения греческих и римских авторов о семье, в которой родился Ромул, и той, которую создал после похищения сабинянок. Греческая историческая традиция, представленная в сочинении Дионисия Галикарнасского, всегда уделяла внимание чистоте родословной основателя города, поэтому подчеркивала тесные связи деда Нумитора с его внуком Ромулом, брак Ромула с Герсилией и рождение у них детей. Римская историческая традиция, окончательно оформленная в сочинении Ливия, избегала подробно говорить об этом, так как для нее Ромул сам творил свою судьбу и это качество оставил в наследство римскому народу. В этом сказалось различие культурно-исторических традиций греков и римлян.
The paper deals with Greek and Roman historical tradition on Romulus’s family, the former, where Romulus was born, and the latter, which he created as a result of the rape of the Sabine women. The Greek authors, represented in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, reported about the family tree of the city founder, emphasized close relations between Numitor and Romulus, and wrote about the marriage of Romulus and Hersilia and the birth of their children. The Roman authors, as they are known from Livy, made casual remarks of such episodes of Romulus’s life, as they interpreted Romulus as the arbiter of his own destiny, and this was the way he set a personal example for the Romans. Such approach to the Romulus’s legend reveals different cultural and historical grounds of Greek and Roman historiography.
In silico ADMET and Molecular Docking Studies of Natural Analogues as AKT Inhibitors
Authors: Kaur Jasmeen , Raza Amir , Gupta Rajeev , Singh Shivam Kumar , Brar Iqubal , Wadhwa Pankaj 
Published: December 2024

Background:
AKT inhibition presents a promising avenue for cancer treatment strategies.
By exploring natural analogues using in-silico docking and ADMET profiles, this work
aims to design effective anti-cancer therapies shown by binding affinities and pharmacokinetic
assessments.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of this research paper is to utilize in-silico ADMET profiling and
molecular docking studies to investigate the potential of natural analogues as inhibitors of the
AKT enzyme. By leveraging computational techniques, including Molegro Virtual Docker
(MVD) 6.0 and computational techniques like pkCSM, we aim to identify promising compounds
with strong binding affinities to the target protein (PDB ID: 3OCB) and favorable pharmacokinetic
properties. Our objectives include identifying key molecular interactions, evaluating
optimal molecular weight ranges, and prioritizing compounds based on their MolDock
scores for cancer treatment. Through this approach, our goal is to contribute to the design and
development of effective anti-cancer therapies targeting the AKT signaling pathway.

Method:
The Protein Data Bank provided the target protein (PDB ID: 3OCB) for the molecular
docking study, which was conducted using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) 6.0. The selection
of ligands from PubChem was focused on natural analogues. ADMET profiling benefited from
the use of computational techniques such as pkCSM.

method:
The Protein Data Bank provided the target protein (PDB ID: 3OCB) for the molecular docking study, which was conducted using Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD) 6.0. The selection of ligands from PubChem was focused on natural analogues. ADMET profiling benefited from the use of computational techniques such as pkCSM.

Result:
A molecular docking study of selected natural compounds was performed, and the top
three compounds with higher MolDock scores were considered to be the best among all sixteen
natural analogues. The compounds [00]UNX_16, [01]UNX_13, and [00]UNX_11 showed the
highest MolDock score of -111.09, -98.31, and -96.37, respectively, and can show great potential
in treating cancer.

Conclusion:
The analysis primarily focuses on a docking study investigating the potential inhibition
of the AKT enzyme by natural analogs. The study explores molecular interactions and
ADMET properties, offering insights into their role in drug discovery. Key findings include
strong binding affinities of selected analogs against the target 3OCB, with specific amino acid
residues and steric/hydrogen bond interactions influencing binding success. Compounds within
the 400-500 Da molecular weight range show favorable interactions, suggesting implications for
future drug design. Additionally, ADMET analysis identifies compounds like [00]UNX_16,
[01]UNX_13, and [00]UNX_11 with high MolDock scores, indicating potential as AKT inhibitors
for cancer treatment.