bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bronze Production and Lead Resource Circulation in the Yuhuangmiao Culture of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty
Authors: Zhou Tiancheng , Hong Meng , Zuo Jieyi , Zhang Wenrui , Li Yanxiang , Li Chengyuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The Yuhuangmiao Culture, an important archaeological culture, distributed in northern Hebei, dates from the Middle Spring and Autumn period to the Middle Warring States period. It is regarded as a key representative example of the Late Bronze Age in northern China. This paper presents findings from a project conducted by the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, which re-evaluated artifacts excavated artefacts from significant Yuhuangmiao sites, particularly the Manzigou Cemetery and the Paotaishan Cemetery. The study focused on various bronze samples, which underwent multiple analytical techniques, including metallurgical microscopy, ultra-deep field microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). These methods allowed for an in-depth analysis of bronze production of bronze and the origins of the lead materials used. The results indicate that the bronze artifacts from the Manzigou Cemetery display features akin to the Upper Xajiadian Culture during the early stages of the Yuhuangmiao Culture, although they still contain some copper arsenic. Interestingly, the lead sources differ from those in the Upper Xajiadian Culture. By the maturity phase of the Yuhuangmiao Culture, a casting system for a copper-tin-lead ternary alloy was established. However, there is no evidence of bronze production involving the complex copper-tin-arsenic-lead (and silver) coproducts typical of the Upper Xajiadian Culture, although signs of lead production are present. The evidence suggests that bronze production primarily utilized B lead, supplemented by C lead sources from the Central Plains. The influence of the Central Plains culture is particularly notable in the Paotaishan Cemetery from the Warring States period, where the varied lead materials demonstrate multiple sources highlight the substantial impact of Central Plains lead on local practices.
Crystal direction selection by ferroelastic writing
Authors: Peng Wei , Meng Wenjie , Kim Younji , Yoon Jiyong , Si Liang , Zhao Kesen , Dong Shuai , Hou Yubin , Xi Chuanying , Pi Li , Singh Aditya , Sanchez Ana , Beanland Richard , Noh Tae Won , Lu Qing-you , Lee Daesu , Alexe Marin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Crystals often have complex structural domains, lacking a general method to remove or deterministically control such local heterogeneity. The resulting heterogeneity in crystal orientations obscures our understanding of material properties and could reduce the reliability and performance of related applications. Here, using mechanical stress from an atomic force microscope tip, we demonstrate ferroelastic writing for deterministic and reversible control of local crystal orientations. By applying this to various oxide thin films, we realize twin-free single crystals and design specific crystal-orientation domain textures at the nanoscale. Furthermore, through magnetoelastic coupling, this approach could mechanically write and erase functional nanoscale magnetic textures unattainable by conventional methods. Thus, pure mechanical force emerges as a versatile means to control structural heterogeneity on demand and to program electronic and spintronic functionalities.
Crop residue harvest: a growing opportunity for greenhouse gas emissions abatement
Authors: Chiesa Tomas Della , Archontoulis Sotirios , Northrup Daniel , Abalos Diego , Shahid M. Rizwan , Chen Zengming , Venterea Rodney T. , Jin Virginia L. , Nafziger Emerson D. , Castellano J. Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Near-term commitments to net-zero greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) require the agriculture sector to reduce emissions and sequester CO2. Harvesting of crop residues can contribute to these goals; however, uncertainties about the effects on grain yield, non-CO2 GHGs, and soil health have led to questions about the potential benefits of residue harvest. Here, we show that the benefits of crop residue harvest are underestimated and growing because they do not account for increasing rates of crop residue production and attendant agronomic and environmental benefits of partial residue harvest. In North America, maize residue production is increasing by > 100 kg ha-1y-1. Partial residue harvest can increase yield by > 6% and reduce N2O emissions by > 30%. These benefits are greatest when residue harvest is paired with conservation tillage and grow with increasing residue production. A systems approach to residue harvest that integrates conservation agriculture practices can mitigate GHG emissions and promote farmer adoption.
Women Empowerment Index for Africa: Measuring the Different Dimensions
Authors: Taka Anjdilee , Ragoobur Verena Tandrayen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The study measures the state of women empowerment in sub Saharan Africa. Various dimensions of women empowerment are analysed in terms of social, economic, psychological, legal and political. The Women Empowerment Index (WEI) is built through a combination of 37 indicators. Using data for 26 countries from 2008 to 2020, the Arithmetic Mean and the principal component analysis methodology is adopted to produce a joint indicator of women empowerment for sub Saharan Africa. Countries are classified into different categories of women empowerment that is into those having low, medium, and high WEI. The outcomes show that women in most sub-Saharan African countries face several issues across the four dimensions due to reduced assets available to them and the high level of poverty within the societies. The study extends on the existing conceptual framework of Asaolu et al. (2018) by considering additional dimensions such as the psychological, legal, and political spheres of empowerment. The results are in line with the Global Gender Gap index and covers more dimensions of women empowerment. The research comes forward with specific policies to promote women empowerment across African countries.
A Scientometric Analysis of African Researchers’ Contributions to AGU Journals in Solid Earth, Biogeochemical, Planetary and Space Sciences
Authors: ADEBESIN Babatunde Olufemi , RABIU Babatunde , FALAYI Elijah O. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Publication is a major means of communicating scientific results by researchers to share their discoveries to a wider audience, thus facilitating the advancement of knowledge. The American Geophysical Union (AGU) hosted over 24 journals in the fields of Solid Earth, Biogeochemical, Planetary and Space Sciences. While there are contributors to these journals across various continents, this work analyses quantitatively, the contributions of African-affiliated researchers to AGU-journals. Data for 19 AGU-Journals from the SCOPUS database covering 5 years (2019–2023) were used. Results revealed that African-affiliated researchers contribute only 1.6% of the total AGU world Publication output during the study period. Of the total involvement from Africa, South-Africa, Nigeria and Ethiopia/Egypt leads with 27%, 13%, and 8% contributions respectively. GeoHealth recorded the highest (12.2%) publication rate, followed by Radio Science (6.1%) and then Space Weather (5.5%). The lowest was presented by JGR-Planet (0.5%). Only 9 of the 54 African countries accounted for Publication outputs ≥ 5 between 2019–2023, representing 67% of the African output. Both South-Africa and Nigeria cumulatively contributes 40% of the total publication volume from African authors. Authors from one-third of the countries have no single publication with AGU. Regionally, Southern Africa authors led with 29%, closely followed by Western Africa (27%) and Eastern Africa (24%). Statistically, publication output from African authors is not influenced by Journal percentile score and open access amongst others. Comparing with publication percentage-rates from few non-AGU Journals, we suggested that the current results cannot be generalized for all Journals contributed to by African-affiliated authors.
Comprehensive Cardiometabolic Rehabilitation Program for Childhood Obesity
Authors: Concha Nicole González , Fuentes Litsbett Velásquez , Pereira Denys Urrea , Olivares Jorge Díaz , Berríos-Arvey Hugo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Obesity is a public health problem in Chile, with 31% of adults and 54% of children affected. Current public policies present gaps in prevention with 44% of obese children. In Penco-Lirquén, a comprehensive and personalized Pediatric Cardiometabolic Rehabilitation program is proposed.
Objective: To analyze the efficiency of the program.
Method: Characterization of supply and demand, together with a technical-financial study to determine viability and cost-effectiveness.
Results: The economic viability with a positive NPV and an IRR of 13% estimates that the interventions could be 49% cheaper than the current strategy and improve the Human Development Index by 0.585%.
Conclusion: The implementation of the program is proposed as a cost-effective strategy, promoting healthy habits and optimizing health resources. The prevention and treatment of obesity must be prioritized globally to protect the health of future generations and reduce costs.
Prioritization Suitable Hydropower Potential Sites Along the Furfuro River, Ethiopia
Authors: Genet Amsayaw 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Energy access is a critical factor for economic development and social progress, particularly in rural areas of developing countries like Ethiopia. This study aims to identify and prioritize suitable hydropower sites along the Furfuro River using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method. Five key criteria were considered: power, discharge, head, accessibility, and distance. To evaluate the relative significance of these factors, a pairwise comparison matrix was created. Normalization and critical weight calculation were performed to determine the weight of each criterion. The consistency of the pairwise comparison matrix was evaluated using the consistency ratio (CR), which was found to be acceptable. The site with the highest suitability index was ranked the most suitable for hydropower development. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for decision-makers in prioritizing hydropower development in the region, reducing reliance on traditional, harmful energy sources, and improving the quality of life for local communities along the Furfuro River. By considering multiple factors and employing the Analytic Hierarchy Process, this research contributes to sustainable energy planning and resource management.
La qualité de victime en matière climatique selon la CourEDH
Authors: Bernard Frédéric , Da Rugna Antoine 
Published: December 2024

Après plusieurs années de procédure, la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme a rendu le 9 avril 2024 dans l'affaire Verein KlimaSeniorinnen et autres c. Suisse l'un des arrêts les plus attendus des dernières décennies. Cet arrêt a été très commenté dans la presse suisse et internationale, avec des opinions couvrant un large spectre allant de la louange de son caractère novateur à son rejet total au motif qu'il représenterait un danger pour la démocratie. Ce premier commentaire s'intéresse aux aspects procéduraux de l'arrêt, plus particulièrement aux développements consacrés par la Cour à la qualité de victime des requérantes. Il propose aussi une réflexion sur la potentielle émergence d'une forme d'actio popularis climatis et ses implications pour la jurisprudence future. Enfin, la contribution revient sur certaines pistes pour la mise en œuvre de l'arrêt en procédure administrative suisse.
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Nach einem mehrjährigen Verfahren fällte der Europäische Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte am 9. April 2024 im Fall Verein KlimaSeniorinnen et al. gegen die Schweiz eines der am meisten erwarteten Urteile der letzten Jahrzehnte. Das Urteil wurde in der schweizerischen und internationalen Presse ausführlich kommentiert, wobei die Meinungen ein breites Spektrum abdecken. Dieses reicht von Lob für seinen innovativen Charakter bis hin zu seiner vollständigen Ablehnung mit der Begründung, es stelle eine Gefahr für die Demokratie dar. Dieser erste von drei Beiträgen befasst sich mit den verfahrensrechtlichen Aspekten des Urteils, insbesondere mit den Überlegungen des Gerichtshofs zur Beschwerdelegitimation der Klägerinnen. Daneben wird über die mögliche Entstehung einer Form der Klima-Popularklage und ihre Auswirkungen auf die künftige Rechtsprechung reflektiert. Schliesslich werden im Beitrag einige Ansätze zur Umsetzung des Urteils im schweizerischen Verwaltungsverfahren aufgezeigt.
ДИСКУРСНАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ СОВРЕМЕННОГОИСТОРИЧЕСКОГО РЕКОНСТРУКТОРА (на материале медиевальных клубов исторической реконструкции)
Authors: Клюев А.И. , Свешников А.В. 
Published: December 2024

Одной из специфических форм «работы с прошлым», характерной для современной культуры и являющейся, помимо всего прочего, результатом причудливого взаимодействия профессионального исторического с непрофессиональными постмодернистскими способами, является т.н. движение исторической реконструкции. Появившись в России в конце 1980-х гг. в результате трансфера из западной массовой культуры эта форма «работы с прошлым» получила и получает все большее распространение. В статье анализируются основные формы деятельности медиевальных клубов исторической реконструкции, а также культурный механизм формирования социальной идентичности современного российского реконструктора.
One of the specific forms of "working with the past", typical for contemporary culture, as a result of the bizarre interaction of professional historical with non-professional postmodernist methods, is the so-called historical re-enactment movement. It emerged in Russia in the late 1980s as a result of a transfer from Western mass culture, this form of "work with the past" is gaining popularity. The article analyzes the main forms of activity of modern medieval clubs of historical re-enactment, as well as the cultural mechanism for the formation of the social identity of the modern Russian re-enactor.
НЕМНОГО О «ЕЖАХ» И «ЛИСАХ», ИЛИОТКУДА ВОЗМУТСЯ «БРОНЕНОСЦЫ»?(Заметки о «новой культурной истории Просвещения»)
Authors: Занин С.В. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматривается вклад «новой культурной истории» в историографию Просвещения второй половины ХХ в. Подчеркивается, что появление данного направления стало ответом на расширение и усложнение информации о Просвещении за последние 30 лет. Вместе с тем, в этом направлении выявлены недостатки: методо-логический эклектизм, отрицание предшествовавшей историографической традиции, взгляд на культуру как на совокупность культурных объектов. По мнению автора, дальнейшее развитие историографии Просвещения возможно на путях совершенствования методологии в рамках конкретных исторических исследований.
The contribution of the "new cultural history" to the historiography of the Enlightenment of the second half of the 20th century is considered in the article. The article emphasizes the emergence of the "new cultural history" as a response to the expansion and complication of information about the Enlightenment over the past 30 years. Despite the positive contribution of this new approach the paper reveals shortcomings: methodological eclecticism, denial of the preceding historiographical tradition and, at the same time, a vision of culture as a totality of cultural objects. According to the author, the further development of Enlightenment historiography is possible by improving the methodology in the context of specific historical studies.
CLARIFICATION OF THE MEANING AND CONTENTOF A FRAGMENT “ON INTOXICATION”ATTRIBUTED TO ARISTOTLE THROUGH MACROBIUS’ “SATURNALIA”
Authors: Petrova M.S. 
Published: December 2024

The paper examines a reconstructed fragment by Plutarch (Quaest. conv. III, 3,1 [650af]) and Athenaeus (Deipn. X, 34 [429cd]) from the lost treatise “On intoxication” (probably, “Symposium, or On intoxication”) attributed to Aristotle. The corresponding discussion by Macrobius (Sat. VII, 6, 15-21) is used. The comparative analysis of the texts by Plutarch, Athenaeus and Macrobius is carried out; the similarities and differences between them are demonstrated. It is proposed to use Macrobius’ text to clarify the meaning of the lost fragment and to reconstruct the views on the nature and effects of intoxication contemporary to Aristotle.
В работе обсуждается реконструированный по Плутарху (Quaest. conv. III, 3, 1 [650af]) и Афинею (Deipn. X, 34 [429cd]) фрагмент (fr. 6 / 99 Heitz; fr. 109 Rose; fr. 8-9 Ross) приписываемого Аристотелю и не дошедшего до нас сочинения «Об опьянении» (возможно, «Пир, или Об опьянении»), в котором шла речь об употреблении вина и его воздействия на человека в зависимости от пола и возраста. Отмечено, что применительно к этому месту одним из ранних издателей (Heitz [1869], p. 66) уже было обращено внимание на Макробия (Sat. VII, 6, 15-16), что не было принято последующими исследователями текстов Аристотеля. Проводится сравнительный анализ текстов Плутарха, Афинея и Макробия; анализируются их сходства и отличия. Предлагается использовать дальнейшее изложение Макробия (Sat. VII, 6, 17-21) для лучшего понимания содержания рассматриваемого фрагмента и реконструкции современных Аристотелю представлений о природе и механизме опьянения.
ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИЯ ПОЛИТИКИ УМИРОТВОРЕНИЯВ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ БРИТАНСКОЙ ИСТОРИОГРАФИИ
Authors: Коробицына Л.В. 
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена особенностям интерпретации политики умиротворения 1930-х гг. в современной британской исторической науке. Автор делает вывод, что британская историография отходит от апологетики и критики умиротворителей в сторону изучения таких проблем, как передача и трансформация исторической памяти, поиск консенсуса между разными национальными традициями трактовки предвоенных лет и внедрение междисциплинарных методов исторического исследования.
This article is focused on the peculiarities of interpretations of the appeasement policy 1930s in the contemporary British historical science. It is for the first time in Russian historiography when author analyses a number of the most recent English historical studies devoted to the international policy of London in 1930s. The author came to the conclusion that there is a tendency to move from criticism and apology of appeasers’ policy to the studies of the problems of historical memory, transformation and searching for consensus between different national historiographical traditions and using new interdisciplinary methods.
A machine learning-based approach using clinopyroxene data to improve accuracy and efficiency in predicting tectonic settings: Implications for Rodinia supercontinent breakup triggered by mantle plume events
Authors: Li Hengxu , Zhang Zhaochong , Zhang Ruixuan , Reichow Marc K. , Cheng Zhiguo , Zhang Zhenjie , Santosh M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Basalts are ubiquitous mafic rocks found within diverse tectonic settings on Earth. Despite concerted efforts to distinguish tectonic settings through the chemical compositions of basalt, some features of these rocks related to tectonic processes can be obscured by weathering and erosion over geological time, making the discrimination results ambiguous. In this study, we utilized major and trace element data of clinopyroxene in basalts from five distinct tectonic settings: continental within-plate basalts (WPB), island arc basalts (IAB), ocean island basalts (OIB), oceanic floor basalts (OFB), and continental flood basalts (CFB). Employing three machine learning techniques—Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF)—we aim to discriminate tectonic settings and magma affinities. Sparse Multinomial Regression (SMR) approach is used to quantitatively discern geochemical signatures that are distinctive of each tectonic setting. The outcomes reveal the efficacy of SVM, which attains an accuracy of 92.1% (major element-based) and 95.2% (major and trace elements-based) for tectonic discrimination. Furthermore, SVM achieves an accuracy of 92.9% (major elements-based) and 95.7% (major and trace elements-based) for magma affinity discrimination. Our study shows that the integration of electron microprobe data from clinopyroxene with machine learning techniques provides an effective approach to distinguish various tectonic settings and magma affinities. The classifier models have been applied to investigate the Neoproterozoic geodynamics of the Jiangnan Orogen. The models show the two pulses of mantle plume events (∼830 Ma and ∼785 Ma) triggering break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent.
A comparative analysis of innovative MADM technique BHARAT and Hall's statistical approach to design rain gauge network for runoff prediction
Authors: Panchal Ayushi , Yadav S. M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

In the present study, an optimal rain gauge network has been derived for predicting runoff in the Middle Tapi Basin, India. This study employs a statistical approach by Hall and the recently developed BHARAT (Best Holistic Adaptable Ranking of Attributes Technique) method. BHARAT, primarily designed for industrial applications, has been adapted to address the hydrological challenge of selecting key rain gauges. The lumped conceptual NAM rainfall–runoff model has been developed for the evaluation of rain gauges ranked by each approach. The reliability of Hall's network is affirmed through its commendable performance in statistical assessments of simulated runoff. However, the outcome difference between BHARAT and Hall's method is not pronounced. It is worth noting that Hall's method places primary emphasis on rain gauge stations based solely on measured rainfall, overlooking other hydrological parameters in the selection process. In contrast, BHARAT offers flexibility by considering all relevant attributes to identify optimal alternatives. Both Hall's method and BHARAT exhibit dependable applicability for hydrological applications, with each method presenting unique strengths in the design of rain gauge networks. The observations highlight that the newly developed BHARAT technique, characterized by its simplicity and user-friendly interface, exhibits robust applicability for hydrological applications comparable to Hall's method.
Reseña del libro: Subjetividades Políticas Indígenas en Movimiento (Tres experiencias regionales latinoamericanas) 1ra edición impresa en febrero del 2023 - Ávila Rojas, Odín
Authors: López Vargas Gerardo Eliud 
Published: December 2024

La reseña expone las motivaciones planteadas por Odin Ávila, entre las cuales propone repensar un enfoque interdisciplinario para abordar la diversidad cultural y étnica en América Latina. En este contexto, analiza los fundamentos epistemológicos de las ciencias sociales como alternativa para comprender las subjetividades derivadas de la relación entre el ser humano y su entorno. Se reconoce, además, el esfuerzo que implica analizar la complejidad de la cultura a lo largo de la historia para comprender las dinámicas de colonialidad que sustentan las estructuras de Estado. Al mismo tiempo, se reivindican estructuras sociales que, desde otras subjetividades, desafían el statu quo en Colombia, México y Bolivia, buscando su incorporación en las políticas públicas. Finalmente se abordan las provocaciones derivadas de una reflexión sobre las repercusiones que desencadena el enfoque diferencial en las políticas públicas.