bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cool Executive Function and Verbal Comprehension Mediate the Relation of Hot Executive Function and Theory of Mind in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Yu Yen‐Ting , Li Hsing‐Jung , Tsai Ching‐Hong , Lin Chien‐Ho , Lai Szu‐Shen , Chen Kuan‐Lin 
Published: October 2020

Impaired executive function (EF), verbal comprehension, and theory of mind (ToM) may contribute to social difficulties in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The linkage between cool (cognitive) EF and ToM has been widely investigated, but the relations between hot (affective) EF and ToM remain largely unknown. The roles of cool EF and verbal comprehension have not been previously explored together to address hot EF–ToM relations. This study applied mediation analysis to investigate the mediating effects of cool EF and verbal comprehension to further elaborate the link between hot EF and ToM in children with ASD and average intellectual abilities. A total of 97 children with ASD aged from 6 to 12 years participated in this study. Children's cool EF, hot EF, and verbal comprehension were, respectively, measured with the computerized Dimensional Change Card Sort task, Children's Gambling Task, and the verbal comprehension index of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children‐fourth edition. Children's ToM was assessed with the Theory of Mind Task Battery. Partial correlation coefficients indicated that hot EF was significantly related with ToM with age controlled for. The results of the mediation analysis showed that cool EF and verbal comprehension mediated the linkage between hot EF and ToM. These findings highlight not only the connections between hot EF and ToM but also the importance of cool EF and verbal comprehension on hot EF–ToM relations in clinical assessments and interventions for school‐aged children with ASD and average intellectual abilities.Lay SummaryRelatively few studies have investigated the hot (affective) executive function (EF)–theory of mind (ToM) relations in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study discovered that hot EF was significantly related to ToM, while cool (cognitive) EF and verbal comprehension mediated the relationship between hot EF and ToM. Therefore, the influence of cool EF and verbal comprehension on hot EF–ToM relations should be considered in studies involving children with ASD. Autism Res 2021, 14: 921–931. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
MPA Karlsruhe – starker Partner in starkem Verband
Authors: Kinzel Andreas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDie Gründung von Einrichtungen zur Prüfung der technischen Sicherheit ist eine Antwort auf die teilweise verheerenden Unglücksfälle bei Bauwerken und von technischen Produkten zu Beginn der Industrialisierung. Dabei ist die Sicherheit der Bürgerinnen und Bürger nicht nur Aufgabe der Produkthersteller, sondern es liegt auch in der Verantwortung des Staates, die Sicherheit seiner Bürgerinnen und Bürger zu gewährleisten. Die hierfür gegründeten Materialprüfanstalten prüfen dabei nicht nur die Qualität, Güte oder Konformität bestimmter Produkte mit definierten Anforderungen, sondern stellen auch eine Möglichkeit zur Wirtschaftsförderung und zur Stärkung der Hochschulstandorte dar. Die hundertjährige Geschichte der MPA Karlsruhe belegt diese Symbiose deutlich und zeigt auch auf, dass die MPA Karlsruhe ein kompetenter Partner mit herausragender Expertise ist. Zudem ist die MPA Karlsruhe ein bedeutendes und engagiertes Mitglied im Verein der Materialprüfungsanstalten e. V. (VMPA). Deren Zukunft und die Zukunft der Materialprüfung allgemein wird entscheidend auch durch den Umgang mit der Herausforderung durch die Digitalisierung bestimmt.
Eignung von Geopolymeren für den Einsatz im landwirtschaftlichen Bauen
Authors: Scheydt Jennifer C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFür eine praxisrelevante Forschung, der es an hinreichender wissenschaftlicher Tiefe nicht fehlen darf, ist ein Austausch zwischen Forschungsinstitutionen und der Bauindustrie eine wichtige Voraussetzung. In diesem Zusammenhang existiert bereits seit vielen Jahren eine rege Zusammenarbeit zwischen der HeidelbergCement AG und dem Institut für Massivbau und Baustofftechnologie des Karlsruher Instituts für Technologie (KIT) bzw. der Materialprüfungs‐ und Forschungsanstalt (MPA) Karlsruhe. Ein gut geeignetes Tool, Fragestellungen von beiderseitigem Interesse auf den Grund zu gehen, stellt hierbei die gemeinsame Betreuung studentischer Abschlussarbeiten dar. Neben dem wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisgewinn bietet dies zudem Studierenden die Möglichkeit, tiefere Einblicke in das Unternehmen zu erhalten. Das Unternehmen wiederum kann womöglich geeignete Nachwuchskräfte für sich gewinnen.Im Folgenden sollen beispielhaft Ergebnisse einer gemeinsam betreuten Masterarbeit zur Untersuchung der Eignung von Geopolymeren für den Einsatz im landwirtschaftlichen Bauen [1] dargelegt werden. Über diese Forschungsergebnisse wurden bereits an anderer Stelle berichtet [2].
Von Bauarten und Bauprodukten
Authors: Khbeis Halim , Bißwurm Axel , Neumer Daniel , Rausch Alexander , Weber Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFür ein sicheres Bauwerk sind geeignete, national oder europäisch geregelte Bauprodukte erforderlich. Nationale Zusatzanforderungen an europäisch geregelte Bauprodukte zur Erzielung eines gewünschten Zuverlässigkeitsniveaus wurden als nicht europarechtskonform bewertet. Die Bauwerkssicherheit wird über Bauwerksanforderungen, konkretisiert durch Technische Baubestimmungen, definiert. Bei CE‐gekennzeichneten Bauprodukten kann nicht mehr unmittelbar von einer umfänglichen Eignung ausgegangen werden, da nicht alle wesentlichen Merkmale, die für die Einhaltung der Bauwerksanforderungen erforderlich sind, erklärt sein müssen. Hieraus folgt ein Verantwortungsübergang auf Planer und Ausführende. Abweichungen von der Regel sind nicht selten oder können erforderlich sein. Ergänzt um allgemeine Gedanken zur Bauwerkssicherheit soll der Umgang mit Bauarten und Bauprodukten bei Abweichungen aus Sicht von Planern und Prüfingenieuren im Neubau und bei bestehender Bausubstanz mit Beispielen beschrieben werden.
Spannverfahren in baulichen Anlagen
Authors: Buschlinger Michael , Schäfer Johanna , Schmitt Andreas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNach mehr als sieben Jahrzehnten Spannbetonbau im konstruktiven Ingenieurbau scheint ein Rückblick angebracht. Dabei sieht man, dass in dieser Zeit große Veränderungen stattgefunden haben. Wie bei allen Entwicklungsprozessen war auch in den Anfängen des Spannbetonbaus eine Erfahrungssammlung zur schrittweisen Weiterentwicklung und Verbesserung der Bauweise notwendig. Durch gezielte wissenschaftliche Forschung, regelmäßige Bauwerksprüfungen und die gleichzeitige Weiterentwicklung der technischen Regelwerke, angelehnt an die Erfahrungen, hat sich die Spannbetonbauweise bewährt. Die Bauweise hat heute einen sehr hohen Entwicklungsstand erreicht, sodass bei fachgerechter Anwendung standsichere und dauerhafte Tragwerke entstehen.
Entwicklung eines robusten Kopplungssystems für Querschlagöffnungen bei Tübbingtunneln
Authors: Niklasch Christoph , Frodl Stephan , Libreros Ana , Neher Heiko 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMaschinell aufgefahrene Tunnel in einschaliger Bauweise sind sowohl im Locker‐ als auch im Festgestein eine schnelle und sichere Methode, um Tunnel herzustellen. Bereits direkt nach dem Einbau der Betonfertigteilsegmente – sogenannter Tübbinge – im Schutze der Tunnelvortriebsmaschine und dem darauffolgenden Verpressen des Ringspalts zwischen Tübbingschale und Gebirge ist die dauerhaft tragende Tunnelschale fertiggestellt. Zur Herstellung von Querschlägen zwischen zwei Tunnelröhren ist es notwendig, die Tunnelschalen zu öffnen. Dazu müssen Teile eines oder mehrerer benachbarter Tübbingringe ausgebaut/ausgebrochen und die in der Tunnelschale vorhandenen Kräfte abgefangen werden. Hierzu gibt es unterschiedliche Systeme, die zum Einsatz kommen können. Der Beitrag spannt den Bogen von der Entwicklung eines Kopplungssystems anhand von Bauteilversuchen an der MPA Karlsruhe, numerischen Berechnungen zur Simulation der Bauteilversuche bis hin zu möglichen Bemessungsansätzen.
The design heatmap: A simple visualization of ‐optimality design problems
Authors: Holland‐Letz Tim , Kopp‐Schneider Annette 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOptimal experimental designs are often formal and specific, and not intuitively plausible to practical experimenters. However, even in theory, there often are many different possible design points providing identical or nearly identical information compared to the design points of a strictly optimal design. In practical applications, this can be used to find designs that are a compromise between mathematical optimality and practical requirements, including preferences of experimenters. For this purpose, we propose a derivative‐based two‐dimensional graphical representation of the design space that, given any optimal design is already known, will show which areas of the design space are relevant for good designs and how these areas relate to each other. While existing equivalence theorems already allow such an illustration in regard to the relevance of design points only, our approach also shows whether different design points contribute the same kind of information, and thus allows tweaking of designs for practical applications, especially in regard to the splitting and combining of design points. We demonstrate the approach on a toxicological trial where a‐optimal design for a dose–response experiment modeled by a four‐parameter log‐logistic function was requested. As these designs require a prior estimate of the relevant parameters, which is difficult to obtain in a practical situation, we also discuss an adaption of our representations to the criterion of Bayesian‐optimality. While we focus on‐optimality, the approach is in principle applicable to different optimality criteria as well. However, much of the computational and graphical simplicity will be lost.
Effects of benzyl viologen on increasing NADH availability, acetate assimilation, and butyric acid production by Clostridium tyrobutyricum
Authors: Fu Hongxin , Lin Meng , Tang I‐Ching , Wang Jufang , Yang Shang‐Tian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClostridium tyrobutyricum produces butyric and acetic acids from glucose. The butyric acid yield and selectivity in the fermentation depend on NADH available for acetate reassimilation to butyric acid. In this study, benzyl viologen (BV), an artificial electron carrier that inhibits hydrogen production, was used to increase NADH availability and butyric acid production while eliminating acetic acid accumulation by facilitating its reassimilation. To better understand the mechanism of and find the optimum condition for BV effect on enhancing acetate assimilation and butyric acid production, BV at various concentrations and addition times during the fermentation were studied. Compared with the control without BV, the addition of 1 μM BV increased butyric acid production from glucose by ∼50% in yield and ∼29% in productivity while acetate production was completely inhibited. Furthermore, BV also increased the coutilization of glucose and exogenous acetate for butyric acid production. At a concentration ratio of acetate (g/L) to BV (mM) of 4, both acetate assimilation and butyrate biosynthesis increased with increasing the concentrations of BV (0–6.25 μM) and exogenous acetate (0–25 g/L). In a fed‐batch fermentation with glucose and ∼15 g/L acetate and 3.75 μM BV, butyrate production reached 55.9 g/L with productivity 0.93 g/L/h, yield 0.48 g/g, and 97.4% purity, which would facilitate product purification and reduce production cost. Manipulating metabolic flux and redox balance via BV and acetate addition provided a simple to implement metabolic process engineering approach for butyric acid production from sugars and biomass hydrolysates.
Laboratory classes in biochemistry and molecular biology: A parallel session at the IUBMB/PSBMB 2019 “Harnessing Interdisciplinary Education in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” conference
Authors: Gibbons Jessica A. , Garcia Reynaldo L. , Craig Paul A. , Yu Gracia Fe B. , Macaulay Janet O. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLaboratory classes are a central element of all biochemistry and molecular biology programs. These play a role in developing students' hands‐on and technical skills and also offer much more. The design of laboratory classes depends on many factors including the programs the students are enrolled in, the level they are at, employment destinations, and learning outcomes. This conference session considered the design and outcomes of laboratory experiences for undergraduate students.
Circular economy and the policy: A framework for improving the corporate environmental management in supply chains
Authors: Kazancoglu Ipek , Sagnak Muhittin , Kumar Mangla Sachin , Kazancoglu Yigit 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe transition to the circular economy (CE) creates value through the closed‐loop systems, reverse logistics, product life cycle management, and clean production in terms of corporate environmental management. During this transition process, the organization faces many barriers such as financial, organizational, technology‐based, social, policy‐related, market‐based, and logistics‐based barriers. The objectives of this study are to propose a framework highlighting policy‐related barriers for a supply chain in the transition to CE and finally discuss potential implications on enhancing corporate environmental performance of a business. Further, this study evaluates the causal relationships between the policy‐related barriers using fuzzy Decision‐Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method. The application was conducted in an apparel firm in Turkey. From findings, lack of legislation for efficient CE (C4), lack of mandatory requirements and responsibilities for manufacturers/suppliers for the CE (C17), and lack of government support for environmentally friendly policies (C2) are revealed as the most important barriers, respectively. It is found that lack of attitude and awareness about CE in government institutions (C19) is the most influencing factor, whereas lack of effective recycling policies to achieve quality in waste management (C8) is the most influenced factor. The recommendations were developed for enhancing the corporate environmental performance of businesses through incentives and unique rewards, improving communication among stakeholders, the government's perception of CE and current linear economy, cooperation with nongovernmental organization (NGOs) and civil actions, the vision of government towards circular principles, the circular public procurement, the local governments in circular policymaking, and awareness of bureaucracy and government officials.
Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of ascending, descending and mixed types of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the non‐endemic areas of china: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Fan Yixin , Guan Wenqiang , Huang Rui , Lin Stefan (YUJIE) , Song Yanqiong , Lu Shun , Kang Le , Yang Qin , Lang Jinyi , Zhang Peng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeTo compare the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with ascending type (type A), descending type (type D), and mixed type (type AD) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in non‐endemic areas.Materials and methodsThe cohort included 628 patients diagnosed with type A, type D, and type AD of NPC between January 2009 and December 2014. Type A was defined as T3‐4 N0‐1, type D as T0‐1 N2‐3, and type AD as T3‐4 N2‐3. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance clinical factors and match patients. Kaplan‐Meier methods and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the impact of different NPC types on survival outcomes.ResultsThere were 145 patients with type A, 194 with type D, and 289 with type AD. However, after PSM, there were only 130 patients with each type. Compared with patients with type A, those with type D had lower 5‐year disease‐specific survival (96.9% vs 91.5%) and distant metastasis‐free survival (92.3% vs 77.7%) and higher local relapse‐free survival (88.5% vs 96.9%) (p < 0.05 for all). Patients with type AD may have an increased risk of disease progression (progression‐free survival, 56.9% vs 74.6% and 66.2%) and death (overall survival [OS], 76.9% vs 85.4% and 85.4%) (p < 0.05 for all) compared to patients with the other two types of tumors.We further analyzed the metastasis trend. Similar metastasis patterns were observed in types AD and D, and types AD and A had similar recurrence trends. The mortality rate of patients with types AD and D in the first 3 years after metastasis was remarkably higher than that of patients with type A.ConclusionsIn non‐endemic areas of China, metastases and recurrence patterns differed across tumor types. Type AD has the worst OS, and the clinical process is more radical. Type D has a lower recurrence rate, higher metastasis, and disease‐related mortality rates, and poorer prognosis after metastasis than type A.
SynBio‐SynChem Approaches to Diversifying the Pacidamycins through the Exploitation of an Observed Pictet‐Spengler Reaction
Authors: Cartmell Christopher , Abou Fayad Antoine , Lynch Rosemary , Sharma Sunil V. , Hauck Nils , Gust Bertolt , Goss Rebecca J. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA nonenzymatic Pictet‐Spengler reaction has been postulated to give rise to a subset of naturally occurring uridyl peptide antibiotics (UPAs). Here, using a combination of strain engineering and synthetic chemistry, we demonstrate that Pictet‐Spengler chemistry may be employed to generate even greater diversity in the UPAs. We use an engineered strain to afford access to meta‐tyrosine containing pacidamycin 4. Pictet‐Spengler diversification of this compound using a small series of aryl‐aldehydes was achieved with some derivatives affording remarkable diastereomeric control.
Effect of Copper and Phosphate on the Biosynthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles by Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1
Authors: Zheng Zhiyong , Xiao Yong , Cao Huili , Tian Xiaochun , Wu Ranran , Zhang Jingdong , Ulstrup Jens , Zhao Feng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe biosynthesis of metallic nanomaterials, especially noble metal nanomaterials, has attracted extensive attention due to the multifarious potential applications of these materials. In this study we have explored the effects of Cu(II) on Pd(II) removal, and of Cu(II) as well as phosphate on the morphologies and composition of biogenic nanoparticles (NPs) from aqueous Pd(II) systems by Shewanella oneidensis MR‐1 (MR‐1). Cu(II) causes a slight efficiency decrease of Pd(II) removal by MR‐1, but a high removal efficiency of 89.8 % is still achieved, which contrasts sharply with the significant Cu(II) inhibition to other microbes. Without phosphate buffer in the medium, 5‐nm PdNPs densely envelop MR‐1 and accumulate significantly in the periplasm in the absence of Cu(II), while 4‐nm PdNPs are evenly distributed in the periplasm, and the cellular surface is smooth in the presence of Cu(II). The following effect of Cu(II) on PdNP synthesis by MR‐1 is therefore proposed: Cu(II) significantly affects PdNPs morphologies by inhibiting Pd(0) transfer across the outer membrane and PdNP crystal growth in the periplasm, but not the sorption of Pd(II). Phosphate addition only slightly increases Pd harvest but also precipitates Cu(II) and poses difficulties for the biosynthesis. The study highlights the effect of co‐existing metals during the biosynthesis of metallic nanomaterials and offers new insight into the mechanism of PdNP formation and the electron transfer during Pd(II) reduction by MR‐1.
Boronic Acid‐Mediated Activity Control of Split 10–23 DNAzymes
Authors: Debiais Mégane , Lelievre Amandine , Vasseur Jean‐Jacques , Müller Sabine , Smietana Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe 10–23 DNAzyme is an artificially developed Mg2+‐dependent catalytic oligonucleotide that can cleave an RNA substrate in a sequence‐specific fashion. In this study, new split 10–23 DNAzymes made of two nonfunctional fragments, one of which carries a boronic acid group at its 5′ end, while the other has a ribonucleotide at its 3′ end, were designed. Herein it is demonstrated that the addition of Mg2+ ions leads to assembly of the fragments, which in turn induces the formation of a new boronate internucleoside linkage that restores the DNAzyme activity. A systematic evaluation identified the best‐performing system. The results highlight key features for efficient control of DNAzyme activity through the formation of boronate linkages.
Bioequivalence and Evaluation Parameters Based on the Pharmacodynamics of Miglitol in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Yan Juan , Li Xiao‐Min , Zhang Yan‐Xin , Xu Su‐Mei , Liu Wan‐Li , Guo Jie , Hu Xiao‐Lei , Zou Ting , Xu Yu‐Ying , Xu Ping‐Sheng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the bioequivalence of miglitol based on pharmacodynamic properties. The study was performed as a single‐dose, randomized, open‐label, 3‐period, 3‐way crossover trial over a 7‐day washout period. Forty‐eight subjects were randomly assigned into 3 groups: (1) miglitol test formulation/sucrose coadministration, (2) miglitol reference formulation/sucrose coadministration, and (3) sucrose administration alone. Serum glucose concentrations were measured by the hexokinase detection method. The peak serum glucose concentration (Cmax) and the area under the serum glucose concentration‐time curve through 4 hours (AUC0‐4h) were used as the main pharmacodynamic parameters to evaluate bioequivalence. The 90% confidence intervals for the geometric mean ratios of Cmax and AUC0‐4h were 94.81%‐101.07% and 98.82%‐100.72%, respectively, which were all within the bioequivalence range of 80.00%‐125.00%. The test and reference formulations of miglitol were pharmacodynamically bioequivalent during the trial.
Large‐scale evaluation of ion mobility spectrometry for the rapid detection of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists in infused papers in prisons
Authors: Norman Caitlyn , McKirdy Brian , Walker Gillian , Dugard Pat , NicDaéid Niamh , McKenzie Craig 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSynthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs), colloquially known as “spice,” are commonly used in prisons and enter establishments via the mail in the form of infused papers. Many prisons use benchtop ion mobility spectroscopy (IMS) instruments to screen mail and seized materials for the presence of SCRAs and other controlled substances. The selectivity and sensitivity of Rapiscan Itemiser® 3E and Itemiser® 4DN Ion Trap Mobility Spectroscopy™ (ITMS™) systems were evaluated using 21 SCRA reference standards. Some differences in the SCRA reduced mobility (K0) values were observed between this study and those reported previously using IMS detection systems, particularly for cumyl and quinolinyl SCRAs (e.g., 5F‐PB‐22, Cumyl‐4CN‐BINACA, and 5F‐Cumyl‐PEGACLONE), although this was found to have little effect at an operational level. Operational reliability of the systems was evaluated by analyzing 392 paper and card samples with known drug content. ITMS™ system results (e.g., detect or nondetect) were in agreement with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis in up to 95% of samples tested. Overall, this study found the ITMS™ systems tested to be effective instruments when deployed for the rapid detection of SCRA‐infused papers. Used effectively and with up‐to‐date substance libraries, they will help reduce the supply of SCRAs into prisons and identify emerging threats as they arise. Several emerging SCRAs (5F‐MPP‐PICA, 5F‐EMB‐PICA, and 4F‐MDMB‐BICA) were detected for the first time in Scottish prisons between May and August 2020 as a result of routine monitoring, and all were detected using the ITMS™ systems tested.