bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of anionic dye Congo red from aqueous environment using polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/ZSM-5 zeolite membrane
Authors: Radoor Sabarish , Karayil Jasila , Parameswaranpillai Jyotishkumar , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, a novel PVA/SA/ZSM-5 zeolite membrane with good regeneration capacity was successfully prepared by solvent casting technique. The properties of the membranes were assessed by employing different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscopy (OP), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), contact angle and universal testing machine (UTM). XRD, TGA and UTM results revealed that the crystallinity and thermo-mechanical performance of the membrane could be tuned with zeolite content. The successful incorporation of zeolite into the polymer matrix was confirmed by FT-IR, SEM and OP analysis. The adsorption ability of the as-prepared membrane was evaluated with a model anionic dye, Congo red. Adsorption studies show that the removal efficiency of the membrane could be tuned by varying zeolite content, initial concentration of dye, contact time, pH and temperature. Maximum dye adsorption (5.33 mg/g) was observed for 2.5 wt% zeolite loaded membrane, at an initial dye concentration of 10 ppm, pH 3 and temperature 30 °C. The antibacterial efficiency of the membrane against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) was also reported. The results show that membrane inhibits the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The adsorption isotherm was studied using two models: Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The results show that the experimental data fitted well with Freundlich isotherm with a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.998). Meanwhile, the kinetic studies demonstrate that pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.999) model describe the adsorption of Congo red onto PVA/SA/ZSM-5 zeolite membrane better than pseudo-first-order (R2 = 0.972) and intra particle diffusion model (R2 = 0.91). The experimental studies thus suggest that PVA/SA/ZSM-5 zeolite could be a promising candidate for the removal of Congo red from aqueous solution.
Fine-scale landscape genetics unveiling contemporary asymmetric movement of red panda (Ailurus fulgens) in Kangchenjunga landscape, India
Authors: Dalui Supriyo , Khatri Hiren , Singh Sujeet Kumar , Basu Shambadeb , Ghosh Avijit , Mukherjee Tanoy , Sharma Lalit Kumar , Singh Randeep , Chandra Kailash , Thakur Mukesh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWildlife management in rapid changing landscapes requires critical planning through cross cutting networks, and understanding of landscape features, often affected by the anthropogenic activities. The present study demonstrates fine-scale spatial patterns of genetic variation and contemporary gene flow of red panda (Ailurus fulgens) populations with respect to landscape connectivity in Kangchenjunga Landscape (KL), India. The study found about 1,309.54 km2area suitable for red panda in KL—India, of which 62.21% area fell under the Protected Area network. We identified 24 unique individuals from 234 feces collected at nine microsatellite loci. The spatially explicit and non-explicit Bayesian clustering algorithms evident to exhibit population structuring and supported red panda populations to exist in meta-population frame work. In concurrence to the habitat suitability and landscape connectivity models, gene flow results supported a contemporary asymmetric movement of red panda by connecting KL—India in a crescent arc. We demonstrate the structural-operational connectivity of corridors in KL—India that facilitated red panda movement in the past. We also seek for cooperation in Nepal, Bhutan and China to aid in preparing for a comprehensive monitoring plan for the long-term conservation and management of red panda in trans-boundary landscapes.
Foraging postures are a potential communicative
signal in female bonobos
Authors: Demuru Elisa , Pellegrino François , Dediu Dan , Levréro Florence 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBody postures are essential in animal behavioural repertoires and their
communicative role has been assessed in a wide array of taxa and contexts. Some body
postures function as amplifiers, a class of signals
that increase the detection likelihood of other signals. While foraging on the ground,
bonobos (Pan paniscus) can adopt different crouching
postures exposing more or less of their genital area. To our knowledge, their potential
functional role in the sociosexual life of bonobos has not been assessed yet. Here we
show, by analysing more than 2,400 foraging events in 21 captive bonobos, that mature
females adopt a rear-exposing posture (forelimb-crouch) and do so significantly more often when their anogenital
region is swollen than during the non-swollen phase. In contrast, mature males almost
completely avoid this posture. Moreover, this strong difference results from a diverging
ontogeny between males and females since immature males and females adopt the forelimb-crouch at similar frequencies. Our findings suggest
that the forelimb-crouch posture may play a
communicative role of amplification by enhancing the visibility of female sexual
swellings, a conspicuous signal that is very attractive for both males and females.
Given the high social relevance of this sexual signal, our study emphasizes that
postural signalling in primates probably deserves more attention, even outside of
reproductive contexts.
Neuroprotective effect of indomethacin in normal perfusion pressure breakthrough phenomenon
Authors: Revuelta Manuel , Zamarrón Alvaro , Fortes Jose , Rodríguez-Boto Gregorio , Gutiérrez-González Raquel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLoss of cerebral autoregulation in normal perfusion pressure breakthrough (NPPB) phenomenon has been reported in other Central Nervous System diseases such as neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage. Several studies have demonstrated that low-dose indomethacin prevents this latter condition. A previous rat model was used to resemble NPPB phenomenon. Study animals were distributed in 4 groups that received 3 doses of indomethacin at different concentrations prior to fistula occlusion 60 days after its creation. Control animals received saline solution. Intracranial pressure (ICP) increased in all groups following fistula creation, whereas mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) decreased as a manifestation of cerebral hypoperfusion and intracranial hypertension. The administration of indomethacin was associated with raised MAP and CPP, as well as decreased ICP. Sodium fluorescein extravasation was slight in study animals when comparing with control ones. Histological analysis evidenced diffuse ischaemic changes with signs of neuronal apoptosis in all brain layers in control animals. These findings were only focal and slight in study animals. The results suggest the usefulness of indomethacin to revert, at least partially, the haemodynamic effects of NPPB phenomenon in this experimental model, as well as to reduce BBB disruption and histological ischemia observed in absence of indomethacin.
Rhizobacterial species richness improves sorghum growth and soil nutrient synergism in a nutrient-poor greenhouse soil
Authors: Sahib Mohammad Radhi , Pervaiz Zahida H. , Williams Mark A. , Saleem Muhammad , DeBolt Seth 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough microbes influence plant growth, little is known about the impact of microbial diversity on plant fitness trade-offs, intraspecific-interactions, and soil nutrient dynamics in the context of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) research. The BEF theory states that higher species richness can enhance ecosystem functioning. Thus, we hypothesize that rhizobacterial species richness will alter sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL.) growth, soil nutrient dynamics and interactions (antagonism or synergism) in a nutrient-poor greenhouse soil. Using six rhizobacterial species in a BEF experiment, we tested the impact of a species richness gradient (0, 1, 3, 5 or 6 species per community) on plant growth, nutrient assimilation, and soil nutrient dynamics via seed-inoculation. Our experiment included, one un-inoculated control, six rhizobacterial monoculture(Pseudomonas poae, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus pumilus., Pantoea agglomerance., Microbacterium sp.,andSerratia marcescens),and their nine mixture treatments in triplicate (48). Rhizobacterial species richness enhanced per pot above- or below-ground dry mass. However, the per plant growth and plant nutrient assimilation declined, most likely, due to microbial-driven competitive interactions among sorghum plants. But nevertheless, some rhizobacterial monoculture and mixture treatments improved per plant (shoot and root) growth and nutrient assimilation as well. Soil nutrient contents were mostly lower at higher plant-associated rhizobacterial diversity; among these, the soil Zn contents decreased significantly across the rhizobacterial diversity gradient. Rhizobacterial diversity promoted synergistic interactions among soil nutrients and improved root–soil interactions. Overall, our results suggest that a higher rhizobacterial diversity may enhance soil–plant interactions and total productivity under resource limited conditions.
Exploring dependence of COVID-19 on environmental factors and spread prediction in India
Authors: Bherwani Hemant , Gupta Ankit , Anjum Saima , Anshul Avneesh , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCOVID-19 has taken the world by storm, with the majority of nations still being challenged by the novel coronavirus. The present work attempts to evaluate the spread of COVID-19 in India using the Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model to establish the impact of socio-behavioural aspects, especially social distancing. The impact of environmental factors like temperature and relative humidity (RH) using statistical methods, including Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Pearson’s correlation, is also studied on numbers of COVID-19 cases per day. Here we report the resultant changes of lockdowns-unlocks initiated by the Government of India for COVID-19, as against the scenario of total lockdown. The phased unlocks and crowded gatherings result in an increase in the number of cases and stretch the mitigation timeline of COVID-19 spread, delaying the flattening of the curve. The SEIR model predictions have been fairly validated against the actual cases. The daily spread of COVID-19 cases is also fairly correlated with temperature in Indian cities, as supported by well-established causation of the role of higher temperatures in disrupting the lipid layer of coronavirus, but is greatly undermined by the key factor of social distancing and gets confounded with other multiple unknown co-varying environmental factors. However, the analysis couldn’t clearly establish the role of RH in affecting daily COVID-19 cases. Hence, it becomes essential to include environmental parameters into epidemiological models like SEIR and to systematically plan controlled laboratory experiments and modeling studies to draw conclusive inferences, assisting policymakers and stakeholders in formulating comprehensive action plans to alleviate the COVID-19 spread.
Snapback‐free and low‐loss SAG‐LIGBT with self‐driving auxiliary gate
Authors: Chen Weizhong , Li Shun , Huang Yao , Huang Yi , Han ZhengSheng 
Published: September 2020

A novel snapback‐free and low‐loss shorted‐anode lateral insulated bipolar transistor (SA‐LIGBT) based on silicon on insulator with self‐driving auxiliary gate (SAG) in the anode is proposed, named as SAG‐LIGBT. The SAG is characterised by metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) structure in the anode, and the gate of the MOS is shorted with the anode electrode, thus self‐driving without extra gate signal is achieved. At anode voltage V A  = 0, the P‐base serving as a barrier to hinder electrons flowing into the N + anode. At V A  = V on of the forward conduction, the P‐base is depleted to intrinsic, and the anode resistance R SA is increased from R P‐base to R intrinsic. At V A  = V bus of the turn‐off state, the P‐base is fully depleted and an electron accumulation layer is formed under the SiO2, thus the R SA is decreased from R intrinsic to R n‐channel to provide a low‐resistance path for electron current. Consequently, the device not only eliminates the snapback effect but also reduces the turn‐off energy loss E off. Therefore, a better trade‐off is obtained between V on and E off. At the same V on, the E off of SAG‐LIGBT is decreased by 57 and 66% compared with separated shorted‐anode LIGBT (SSA‐LIGBT) and SA‐LIGBT, respectively. Moreover, the SAG‐LIGBT exhibits the shorter T off of 80 ns than the SSA‐LIGBT and vertical P‐collector and N‐buffer LIGBT at J A  = 100 A/cm2.
Constraining the orientation of the spin axes of extrasolar minor bodies 1I/2017 U1 (‘Oumuamua) and 2I/Borisov
Authors: de la Fuente Marcos C. , de la Fuente Marcos R. 
Published: September 2020

Context.The orientation of the spin axis of a comet is defined by the values of its equatorial obliquity and its cometocentric longitude of the Sun at perihelion. These parameters can be computed from the components of the nongravitational force caused by outgassing if the cometary activity is well characterized. The trajectories of known interstellar bodies passing through the Solar System show nongravitational accelerations.Aims.The spin-axis orientation of 1I/2017 U1 (‘Oumuamua) remains to be determined; for 2I/Borisov, the already released results are mutually exclusive. In both cases, the values of the components of the nongravitational force are relatively well constrained. Here, we investigate – within the framework of the forced precession model of a nonspherical cometary nucleus – the orientation of the spin axes of ‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov using public orbit determinations that consider outgassing.Methods.We applied a Monte Carlo simulation using the covariance matrix method together with Monte Carlo random search techniques to compute the distributions of equatorial obliquities and cometocentric longitudes of the Sun at perihelion of ‘Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov from the values of the nongravitational parameters.Results.We find that the equatorial obliquity of ‘Oumuamua could be about 93°, if it has a very prolate (fusiform) shape, or close to 16°, if it is very oblate (disk-like). Different orbit determinations of 2I/Borisov gave obliquity values of 59° and 90°. The distributions of cometocentric longitudes were in general multimodal.Conclusions.Our calculations suggest that the most probable spin-axis direction of ‘Oumuamua in equatorial coordinates is (280°, +46°) if very prolate or (312°, −50°) if very oblate. Our analysis favors a prolate shape. For the orbit determinations of 2I/Borisov used here, we find most probable poles pointing near (275°, +65°) and (231°, +30°), respectively. Although our analysis favors an oblate shape for 2I/Borisov, a prolate one cannot be ruled out.
The near-infrared companion to HD 94660 (=KQ Vel)
Authors: Schöller M. , Hummel C. A. , Hubrig S. , Kurtz D. W. , Mathys G. , Robrade J. , Järvinen S. P. 
Published: September 2020

Context. The Bp star HD 94660 is a single-lined spectroscopic binary. Some authors have suggested that the unseen companion of at least 2 M⊙ may be a compact object.
Aims. We intend to study this multiple system in detail, especially to learn more about the thus far unseen companion.
Methods. We have collected and analyzed PIONIER (Precision Integrated-Optics Near-infrared Imaging ExpeRiment) H-band data from the Very Large Telescope Interferometer, TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) visible photometric data, and X-ray observations with Chandra of HD 94660.
Results. Using PIONIER, we were able to detect the companion to HD 94660, which is absent from high quality spectra at visible wavelengths, with a magnitude difference of 1.8 in the H band at a separation of 18.72 mas. The TESS light curve shows variations with a period of 2.1 d and also flaring. The Chandra spectrum is well described by emission from hot thermal plasma, yet it might include a nonthermal component. The X-ray properties are compatible with a magnetically active companion, while it is also possible that there might be some magnetospheric contributions from the primary.
Conclusions. We can rule out that the companion to HD 94660 is a compact source. It is also very unlikely that this companion is a single star, as the estimated mass of more than 2 M⊙, the magnitude difference of 1.8 in the H band, and its nondetection in visible spectra are difficult to realize in a single object. One alternative could be a pair of late F stars, which would also be responsible for the detected photometric variations. Interferometric observations over the full binary orbit are necessary to determine the real mass of the companion and to add constraints on the overall geometry of the system.
Teamworking in endoscopy: a human factors toolkit for the COVID-19 era
Authors: Ravindran Srivathsan , Matharoo Manmeet , Coleman Mark , Marshall Sarah , Healey Chris , Penman Ian , Thomas-Gibson Siwan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Endoscopy services have had to rapidly adapt their working practices in response to COVID-19. As recovery of endoscopy services proceeds, our workforce faces numerous challenges that can impair effective teamworking. We designed and developed a novel toolkit to support teamworking in endoscopy during the pandemic.
Methods A human factors model was developed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on endoscopy teams. From this, we identified a set of key teamworking goals, which informed the development of a toolkit to support several team processes. The toolkit was refined following expert input and refinement over a 6-week period.
Results The toolkit consists of four cognitive aids that can be used to support team huddles, briefings, and debriefs, alongside techniques to optimize endoscopic nontechnical skills across the patient-procedure pathway. We describe the processes that local endoscopy units can employ to implement this toolkit.
Conclusion A toolkit of cognitive aids, based on human factors principles, may be useful in supporting teams, helping them adapt to working safely in the era of COVID-19.
Educational interventions are associated with improvements in colonoscopy quality indicators: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Causada-Calo Natalia S. , Gonzalez-Moreno Emmanuel I. , Bishay Kirles , Shorr Risa , Dube Catherine , Heitman Steven J. , Hilsden Robert J. , Rostom Alaa , Walsh Catharine , Anderson John T. , Keswani Rajesh N. , Scaffidi Michael A. , Grover Samir C. , Forbes Nauzer 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims The quality of screening-related colonoscopy depends on several physician- and patient-related factors. Adenoma detection rate (ADR) varies considerably between endoscopists. Educational interventions aim to improve endoscopists’ ADRs, but their overall impact is uncertain. We aimed to assess whether there is an association between educational interventions and colonoscopy quality indicators.
Methods A comprehensive search was performed through August 2019 for studies reporting any associations between educational interventions and any colonoscopy quality indicators. Our primary outcome of interest was ADR. Two authors assessed eligibility criteria and extracted data independently. Risk of bias was also assessed for included studies. Pooled rate ratios (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were reported using DerSimonian and Laird random effects models.
Results From 2,253 initial studies, eight were included in the meta-analysis for ADR, representing 86,008 colonoscopies. Educational interventions were associated with improvements in overall ADR (RR 1.29, 95 % CI 1.25 to 1.42, 95 % prediction interval 1.09 to 1.53) and proximal ADR (RR 1.39, 95 % CI 1.29 to 1.48), with borderline increases in withdrawal time, ([WT], mean difference 0.29 minutes, 95 % CI – 0.12 to 0.70 minutes). Educational interventions did not affect cecal intubation rate ([CIR], RR 1.01, 95 % CI 1.00 to 1.01). Heterogeneity was considerable across many of the analyses.
Conclusions Educational interventions are associated with significant improvements in ADR, in particular, proximal ADR, and are not associated with improvements in WT or CIR. Educational interventions should be considered an important option in quality improvement programs aiming to optimize the performance of screening-related colonoscopy.
Efficacy of EUS-RFA in pancreatic tumors: Is it ready for prime time? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dhaliwal Amaninder , Kolli Sindhura , Dhindsa Banreet Singhg , Choa Jacqueline , Mashiana Harmeet Singh , Ramai Daryl , Chandan Saurabh , Bhogal Neil , Sayles Harlan , Bhat Ishfaq , Singh Shailender , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) can be used in patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of EUS-RFA in treatment of locally advanced unresectable PDAC and other pancreatic tumors.
Patients and methods A comprehensive search was done of multiple electronic databases and conference proceedings including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science databases, Google Scholar and manual search of references (from inception through May 2019) to identify the studies reporting use of EUS-RFA for pancreatic lesions. The primary outcome was to evaluate technical and clinical success of the procedure. The secondary outcome was to study overall adverse events (AEs).
Results Thirteen studies reporting 165 EUS-RFA procedures on 134 patients were included. Of 134 patients, 27.94 % (38) had unresectable locally advanced PDAC, 40 % (53) had PNETs, 3 % (4) had metastasis to the pancreas and 30 % (41) had other lesions. The pooled technical success rate calculated out of the total number of procedures was 100 % (95 % CI [99.18 – 100], I2 = 0 %). The pooled clinical success rate calculated out of the total number of patients was 91.58 % (95 % CI [82.5 – 98.08], I2 = 21.5 %). The pooled overall AE rates were 14.67 % (95 % CI [4.77 – 27.46], I2 = 56.19 %) out of which abdominal pain was the most common with 9.82 % (95 % CI [3.34 – 18.24], I2 = 23.76 %). Low to moderate heterogeneity was noted.
Conclusion EUS-RFA has high technical (100 %) and clinical success (91.5 %) rates. Further multicenter trials are needed to further validate our findings.