bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Telerehabilitation Factors and Videoconference Usage in Physiotherapy: A Protocol for a Mixed‐Methods Project
Authors: Gómez‐Molina Nuria , Salinas‐Bueno Iosune , Moreno‐Mulet Cristina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe rapid evolution of healthcare technology introduced telerehabilitation (TR) as a novel intervention model. TR employs information and communication technologies for remote healthcare delivery. The COVID‐19 pandemic prompted a significant increase in TR usage, notably videoconferencing, among physiotherapists in Spain, offering a safe and viable alternative during mobility restrictions and temporary closure of physiotherapy centers. The aim of this study is to collect data on the use and frequency of outpatient TR and its intended purposes among physiotherapists from the pre‐COVID‐19 era to the present, as well as to examine the perspectives, facilitators, and barriers related to videoconferencing among physiotherapists, patients, and managers.MethodsA convergent two‐phase mixed‐methods project was designed. The first phase employs a quantitative methodology to explore how the frequency and purpose of physiotherapist TR usage changed from before the pandemic until the present, where 90% works at private practice and 10% at public services, using a retrospective online survey. Second, we focus on understanding videoconference usage through qualitative methodologies, which include focus groups with patients and physiotherapists and semi‐structured interviews with managers.ResultsThe expected results will be adoption and cessation of technology/ICT usage, changes in frequency and purpose of use; acceptance, satisfaction, and future expectations of videoconferencing by physiotherapists, patients, and managers.ConclusionsThis project can be used to investigate how different telemedicine technologies have progressed in a region over a period and why healthcare professionals, patients, and managers embrace these technologies. As a result of this research, it will be possible to improve the implementation of these technologies, as well as professional training and educational programs.
The Association Between Social Media Addiction and Aggressive Behaviors: A Longitudinal and Gender‐Specific Analysis
Authors: Lin S. , Fabris M. A. , Longobardi C. , Mastrokoukou S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionRecent evidence demonstrates an association between social media addiction (SMA) and aggressive behaviors; however, the longitudinal relationship between these two variables remains not fully understood. The aim of this study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between SMA and aggressive behaviors (overt and relational aggression) in early adolescence and to identify gender differences in this relationship.MethodsA sample of 568 Italian early adolescents (52.3% girls; Mage = 12.59, SD = 0.87) attending middle schools in northern Italy was recruited from different schools. Participants completed an anonymous questionnaire to assess SMA and the perpetration of overt and relational aggressive behaviors. The questionnaire was completed twice with a 1‐year intervals (T1 and T2).ResultsThe findings showed that females were at higher risk of SMA and relational aggression, whereas males exhibited higher levels of overt aggression at both time points (T1 and T2). Longitudinal analyses revealed that SMA at T1 was associated with higher likelihoods of both overt and relational aggression at T2 across both genders and that only in females was relational aggression at T1 associated with higher levels of SMA at T2.ConclusionsThe study suggests a relationship between SMA and aggressive behaviors and reveals gender differences in this pattern. Limitations, future directions, and practical implications of the research are discussed.
Beyond Hunger: A Connection Between Diet and Gonadal Development of a Ladybird Beetle
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Jattan Deeksha , Yadav Tripti , Mishra Geetanjali , Omkar  
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFood availability shapes morphology, physiology, growth, reproduction, and overall fitness of insects. Countless research in coccinellids reported the effect of diet in terms of quality and quantity on reproductive output. But fewer studies have reported the direct effects of food on the gonadal development in both sexes. In nature, ladybird beetle Cheilomenes sexmaculata exhibit food preference, favouring Aphis craccivora (nutritious prey) over Aphis nerii (poor prey). We hypothesized that beetles consuming nutritious prey in abundant quantity will have larger and heavier gonads. The current study assessed the effect of food preferred and its fluctuations on the gonadal development of C. sexmaculata. First instars were collected randomly from experimental stock and reared on two different diet regimes for a lifetime. After eclosion, beetles from each dietary regime were dissected daily to assess gonadal development until maturity. Here, we documented total developmental duration, body weight, weight of gonads, GSI, total area of gonads, length, and number of testicular lobules/ovarioles across different treatments. Both quality and quantity of diet significantly affected development period, body weight, and gonadal parameters in both sexes except for GSI in males and number of ovarioles in females that reared on varied diet quality, which were found to be similar. Aphis craccivora in abundant supply positively affected the growth and development of the gonads in C. sexmaculata. Beetles reared on the abundant supply of nutritious prey with larger and heavier gonads than those reared on limited supply or poor prey. This study improves our understanding of the development of gonads in ladybird beetles, which may be helpful in improving the mass rearing of ladybird beetles.
Global Origin and Spatiotemporal Spread of Hepatitis C Virus Epidemic Genotypes/Subtypes: A Complete Genome‐Based Phylodynamic and Phylogeographic Analyses
Authors: Kamboj Sakshi , Kumar Manoj 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHepatitis C virus (HCV) is a pathogenic virus of global health concern. The phylodynamics of HCV genotypes/subtypes 1a, 1b, 2, and 3 are explored only for specific geographic regions. However, their genome based global origin and detailed spatiotemporal spread, have yet to be extensively studied. To study the global evolution of “epidemic” HCV genotypes/subtypes, we screened all available HCV complete genome sequences (n = 2744) from 27 countries worldwide for over four decades. We used representative sequences (n = 516) for phylodynamic and phylogeographic analyses, examining HCV worldwide origin, transmission, and spatiotemporal spread. We are the first to study the global phylogeography of genotype 2. The evolutionary rates for genotype/subtype 1a, 1b, 2, and 3 are 1.109 × 10‐3, 1.096 × 10‐3, 5.013 × 10‐3 and 1.483 × 10‐3 substitutions/site/year respectively. We deduced tMRCAs and origin location of respective HCV genotype/subtype as 1909.21 (United States), 1893.36 (Japan), 981.76 (France), and 1714.89 (India). We estimated their migration pattern with time to and from different continents. The origin location of genotype 2 was estimated to be France instead of previous postulated African origin. This can be related to slave trade, French colonization, and previous studies on specific geographic regions only. HCV genotypes/subtypes showed transmission and expansion due to factors like World War II, iatrogenic infections, “baby boomer” population, inefficient medical screening, intravenous drug use, decline due to antiviral therapy introduction. Our study provides novel and extensive information about the evolutionary history and spatiotemporal spread of the HCV genotypes responsible for most infections worldwide.
Innovation intermediation in supply networks: Addressing shortfalls in buyer and supplier capabilities for collaborative innovation
Authors: Selviaridis Kostas , Spring Martin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe investigate how innovation intermediaries address shortfalls in the capabilities that buyers and suppliers must have to access each other's knowledge for innovation purposes, also referred to as indirect capabilities. Prior research on supplier‐enabled innovation has identified various capabilities that buyers need in order to collaborate with innovative suppliers. It recognizes that suppliers also require capabilities to access buyer knowledge. However, we still know little about the role of innovation intermediaries—actors who are neither buyers nor suppliers, but still influence innovation processes and outcomes in supply networks. Our case‐based research shows that intermediaries create workspaces for R&D and experimentation, help to refine definitions of requirements and de‐risk novel solutions, support contracting, and facilitate solution implementation. We contribute to research on supplier innovation by developing a model of intermediaries' activities and underlying capabilities, and their impact on innovation sourcing outcomes. We elaborate the indirect capabilities theoretical perspective by introducing additional types of indirect capabilities for collaborative innovation in supply chains, and showing how these capabilities interrelate. We furthermore extend the literature on innovation intermediaries by elucidating hitherto unexplored capabilities for intermediation and adding insights regarding the contribution of intermediaries to open innovation processes.
Targeting nucleus pulposus cell death in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Sun Hong , Guo Jiajie , Xiong Zhilin , Zhuang Yong , Ning Xu , Liu Miao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a progressive age‐related disorder characterized by the reduction in the number of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), thereby leading to chronic pain and disability. The pathogenesis of IDD is multifaceted, and current therapeutic strategies remain limited. The nucleus pulposus (NP), primarily composed of NPCs, proteoglycans, and type II collagen, constitutes essential components for maintaining intervertebral disc (IVD) function and spinal motion. The disturbed homeostasis of NPCs is closely associated with IDD. Accumulating evidence increasingly suggests the crucial role of programmed cell death (PCD) in regulating the homeostasis of NPCs.AimsThis review aimed to elucidate various forms of PCD and their respective roles in IDD, and investigate diverse strategies targeting the cell death of NPCs for IDD treatment.Materials & MethodsWe collected the relevant literature regarding PCD and their roles in the development of IDD. Subsequently, we comprehensively summarized the intricate association between PCD and IDD, and also explored the potential and application of cell therapy and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the prevention and treatment of IDD.ResultsCurrent literature indicated that the PCD of NPCs was closely associated with the pathogenesis of IDD. Additionally, the development of targeted pharmaceuticals based on the mechanisms of PCD could effectively impede the loss of NPCs.ConclusionThis review demonstrated that targeting the PCD of NPCs may be a promising strategy for the treatment of IDD.
pH: A major player in degenerative intervertebral disks
Authors: Trone Matthew A. R. , Stover Joshua D. , Almarza Alejandro , Bowles Robert D. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractChronic lower back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, generating a socioeconomic cost of over $100 billion annually in the United States. Among the prominent causes of low back pain (LBP) is degeneration of the intervertebral disk (IVD), a condition known as degenerative disk disease (DDD). Despite the prevalence of DDD and multiple studies demonstrating its relationship with LBP, the mechanisms by which it contributes to pain remain unknown. Previous studies have identified potential causes for this pain, such as extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown, changes in biomechanics, and pro‐inflammatory signals. Possible pain treatments targeting these factors have been developed but with limited effects. However, low pH in DDD is a potential pain generator whose role has largely been unexplored and underappreciated. This review highlights hyperacidity's effects on the IVD, such as catabolism of disk cells and ECM, neoinnervation, altered mechanical signaling, and expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and ion channels. This review aims to discuss what is known about the contributions of acidity to DDD pain, identify the knowledge gaps on this topic, and propose what research can be conducted to fill these gaps. We must better understand the underlying mechanisms of DDD and the interaction between hyperacidity and nociception to develop better therapeutics for this disease.
Cutaneous Immune Responses to Ablative Fractional Laser, Heat‐ and Cold‐Based Dermatological Procedures
Authors: Christensen Rikke L. , Son Heehwa G. , Zhou Eray Yihui , Olesen Uffe H. , Garibyan Lilit , Farinelli William A. , Sakamoto Fernanda H. , Rox Anderson R. , Haedersdal Merete , Demehri Shadmehr 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivePhysical treatment modalities, such as ablative fractional laser (AFL), electrocautery, and cryotherapy, are extensively used in the field of dermatology. This study aimed to characterize the short‐term innate and adaptive immune responses induced by AFL compared with heat‐ and cold‐based procedures.Materials and MethodsInnate (CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophils) and adaptive (CD8+CD3+ T cells) immune cell infiltration and histopathological changes were examined in murine skin on Days 1 and 7, following AFL, monopolar‐electrocautery (RF), thermocautery, and cryotherapy. Interventions were standardized to reach the reticular dermis. Clinical skin reactions were photo‐documented daily. As a comparator, the adaptive immune response was examined in murine basal cell carcinomas (BCC) on Day 7 after AFL exposure.ResultsBaseline histopathology confirmed immediate deep dermal tissue impact by all procedures. Immune cell dynamics varied across treatments throughout the progression of clinical and histopathological responses. On Day 1, AFL and heat‐based procedures triggered an innate immune response, characterized by CD11b+Ly6G+ neutrophil cell infiltration that correlated with histopathological findings and immediate onset of clinical skin reactions. In addition, heat‐based procedures led to an increase in overall dermal CD45+ cells (Day 1), which continued to rise for AFL and RF‐electrocautery at Day 7 posttreatment. On the contrary, cryotherapy did not induce immediate (Day 1) innate immune responses, but instead a delayed increase in neutrophil and CD45+ cell infiltration (Day 7), which coincided with the late onset of clinical reaction. CD3+ T cells and CD8+CD3+ T cells demonstrated a similar pattern, with an increase observed for heat‐based procedures on Day 1 and a delayed increase for cryotherapy on Day 7. Distinctive for AFL‐treated skin, the level of dermal CD3+ T cells increased over time, significant by Day 7, and AFL‐treated mouse BCCs responded with increased CD8+ T cell infiltration at Day 7 posttreatment.ConclusionHeat‐ and cold‐based procedures developed distinct cutaneous immune responses, with cryotherapy resulting in a delayed response compared to immediate immune responses from heat‐based procedures. The substantial T cell response induced by AFL in the skin and BCC tumors indicates a potential for AFL as an adjuvant in immunotherapeutic treatments of keratinocyte cancers.
CerM and Its Antagonist CerN Are New Components of the Quorum Sensing System in Cereibacter sphaeroides, Signaling to the CckA/ChpT/CtrA System
Authors: Hernández‐Valle José , Vega‐Baray Benjamín , Poggio Sebastián , Camarena Laura 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCereibacter sphaeroides has a quorum sensing (QS) system that has been partially characterized. Using a bioinformatic approach, six LuxR homologs and one homolog of the acylhomoserine lactone synthase were identified in this bacterium, including the previously characterized CerR and CerI proteins. This study focused on determining the roles of two LuxR homologs, CerM and CerN. CerN lacks the HTH domain and, together with CerM, controls the expression of ctrA, which is part of the TCS CckA/ChpT/CtrA. CtrA is widely conserved in alpha‐proteobacteria and regulates flagellar motility and other cellular processes. Genetic and biochemical data suggest that CerM indirectly represses ctrA expression, which is counteracted by its interaction with CerN‐AHL. A transcriptomic study identified 181 genes regulated by CerM/CerN, with a conserved sequence in their regulatory regions likely indicating the CerM binding site. This hypothesis was supported by in vitro and in vivo DNA–protein interaction assays. Our results identified a transcription factor that could connect the QS system with the regulation of the two‐component system CckA/ChpT/CtrA.
Genetic Analysis of GCA Repeats in the GLS Gene: Implications for Undiagnosed Ataxia and Spinocerebellar Ataxia 3 in Mainland China
Authors: Lei Lijing , Peng Linliu , Wan Linlin , Chen Zhao , Wang Chunrong , Peng Huirong , Qiu Rong , Tang Beisha , Jiang Hong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have reported that expanded GCA repeats in the GLS gene can cause glutaminase deficiency with ataxia phenotype. However, to data, no studies have investigated the distribution and role of GCA repeats in the GLS gene of Chinese individuals.ObjectiveThe aim was to investigate the distribution of GCA repeats in Chinese individuals, including undiagnosed ataxia patients for identifying causal factors, healthy controls for determining the normal range, and ATX−ATXN3 (spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, SCA3) patients for exploring genetic modifiers.MethodsWe combined whole‐genome sequencing (WGS), repeat‐primed polymerase chain reaction, capillary electrophoresis (RP−PCR/CE), and ExpansionHunter to screen the GCA repeats in the GLS gene of 349 undiagnosed ataxia individuals, 1505 healthy controls, and 1236 ATX−ATXN3 (SCA3) patients from mainland China.ResultsNo expanded GCA repeats in the GLS gene were detected across any of the samples. The average number of GCA repeats was 11 (range: 8–31), 12 (range: 6–33), and 11 (range: 6–33) for undiagnosed ataxia patients, healthy controls, and SCA3 patients, respectively. The intermediate repeat size (9 < repeat size ≤ 13) of the nonexpanded GCA allele in the GLS gene was associated with later disease onset in ATX−ATXN3 (SCA3) patients.ConclusionsAbnormal expansions of GLS GCA repeats are rare in the Chinese population. However, intermediate‐length normal GCA repeat sizes may influence the age at onset (AAO) in ATX‐ATXN3 (SCA3) patients. © 2024 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Spatiotemporally Modulated Array Antenna Featuring Nonreciprocal Radiation Beam
Authors: Zang Jiawei , Wang Shouyuan , Wang Ziren , Ji Rui , Pan Juan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a nonreciprocal array antenna based on spatiotemporal modulation. This approach relies on the drastically different phase response during the frequency conversion processes in the time‐modulated antenna element. A prototype linear array composed of a pair of resonant patches is designed and fabricated for proof‐of‐concept validation. Measured results are in good agreement with simulation. The results show that the proposed array antenna is capable of providing versatile radiation performance for transmission and reception, including reciprocal transmission and reception radiation beams, nonreciprocal symmetric transmission and reception radiation beams, and nonreciprocal asymmetric transmission and reception radiation beams, by manipulating the RF signal phase and modulation signal phase.
An Analysis of Publicly Available National Health Service Information Leaflets for Patients With Shoulder Osteoarthritis
Authors: Lalande Stacey , Moffatt Maria , Smith Toby , Aggarwal Vrinda , Littlewood Chris 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundShoulder osteoarthritis is a common cause of pain, disability and difficulty sleeping. Patient information leaflets are produced by NHS Trusts with the aim of informing patients about their diagnosis and available treatment options.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify and describe the non‐surgical management of people with shoulder osteoarthritis according to publicly available information leaflets produced by NHS Trusts.MethodsOne reviewer undertook an electronic search using Google to identify publicly available patient‐facing information leaflets (PIL) produced by NHS Trusts which detailed non‐surgical management strategies for people with shoulder osteoarthritis. Relevant data were extracted by one reviewer and verified by two reviewers.ResultsSeventeen PILs from 17 different UK NHS Trusts were identified ranging from December 2016 to February 2024. Information provided in the PIL varied, with topics including general osteoarthritis management, exercise, analgesia, injections, and surgical indications. No PIL covered all areas recommended in the NICE Osteoarthritis Management guidelines.ConclusionPILs developed and published by NHS Trusts are variable in content and do not fully reflect current clinical guidelines. High‐quality research to inform consistent, clinically, and cost‐effective treatment pathways, including information provision, for patients with shoulder osteoarthritis is needed.
Methacrylamide‐substituted para‐aramid as an innovative sizing agent for improving the mechanical properties of carbon fiber/vinyl ester resin composites
Authors: Yu Boshi , Zhang Yiwei , Liu Yue , Jin Yewei , Song Yihu , Peng Mao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCarbon fiber‐reinforced resin composites (CFRCs) utilizing vinyl ester (VE) resin as the matrix have found extensive applications in military equipment, transportation, sports and entertainment, wind power generation, and various other fields. However, the inherent inertness of the carbon fiber (CF) surfaces makes it difficult to form covalent bonds between VE resin and CFs, thereby limiting the application of CFs/VE composites. The sizing process is an effective method for the surface modification of CFs that improves the final mechanical properties of CFRCs. In this study, a novel organo‐soluble methacrylamide‐substituted para‐aramid, poly(p‐methacrylamino‐phenylene methacrylamino‐terephthalamide) (mPPTA), characterized by methacrylamide side groups attached to the phenyl moieties of its rigid‐rod‐like backbone, was used as a novel sizing agent for the surface modification of CFs in the fabrication of CFRCs via vacuum‐assisted resin infusion (VARI). CF fabrics were coated with mPPTA through solution impregnation. The CF‐matrix interfacial bonding was evaluated using a transverse fiber bundle tensile test, which indicated a 51.1% enhancement in interfacial bonding strength due to mPPTA. The application of merely 0.281 mg/cm2 of mPPTA on each CF sheet resulted in significant improvements in flexural strength, flexural fracture total energy, interlaminar shear strength, and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of the composites, with increases of 75%, 156.3%, 85.1%, and 90.1%, respectively. These enhancements surpass those reported for CFRCs modified using other sizing agents or matrix reinforcements. This method presents a new opportunity for fabricating of high‐performance VE resin‐based CFRCs using VARI.Highlights
A novel methacrylamide‐substituted rigid‐rod para‐aramid (mPPTA) was synthesized.
mPPTA was synthesized by reacting methacryloyl chloride with aminated PPTA.
mPPTA serves as a novel sizing agent for producing VE/CF composites through VARI.
mPPTA significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the VE/CF composites.