bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contracting and Behavioural Practices in State Owned Enterprises in Uganda
Authors: Kutosi Ayub Masaba , Moses Muhwezi , Eya Sarah 
Published: January 2020

Public procurement regulations in Uganda were initiated among other objectives; to ensure accountability, transparency and value for money in all public procurement activities. Despite the presence and application of these regulations, State Owned Enterprises have continued to face challenges in contracting for works, goods and services. Evidence shows that most procurement contracts are never fulfilled because of mal practices and high transaction costs. This study sought to examine whether contracting impacted behavioural practices in procurement performance of Ugandaâ€™s State Owned Enterprises.
The study mainly employed quantitative research methods, in the process of research instrument design, data collection, analysis and presentation. The study sample consisted of 160 employees picked from 20 State Owned Enterprises in Kampala and Entebbe districts of Uganda. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire, sorted and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results reveal a positive and significant relationship exists between contracting and behavioural practices (r =.353**, p<.01). Further, the regression model indicates that contracting significantly predicts Behavioural practices in State Owned Enterprises (Beta=.763, Sig. =.000).
For improved performance, State Owned Enterprises should clearly set their contract objectives to guide all those involved in the contracting process. There should be key deliverables in those objectives, which should be communicated to the relevant stakeholders.
Further, staff on the contracting team should be selected on merit. This is very important in order to avoid biased selection of contracting teams â€“ even when some of these people do not have the required experience and expertise. This is very important because service providers can exploit such a team to their benefit once they realize that the team is weak and vulnerable.
Cash Flow Management and Sustainability of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Northern Uganda
Authors: Uwonda Gilbert , Okello Nelson 
Published: January 2020

In Uganda SMEs are viewed as seedbeds for growth of new firms and vehicles for poverty reduction. Deterioration in growth and failures in SMEs have been linked to poor cash flow management, This study sought to examine how cash flow management influences sustainability SMEs in Northern Uganda. The research adapted a cross sectional study. A sample of 120- SMEs was selected using stratified sampling. Self administered questionnaires, designed for this study, were filled in by SME managers and the data analyzed using frequency tables, custom tables, Correlation Analysis and Multiple Logistic Regression.
The study revealed limited application of cash flow management by SMEs in Northern Uganda, especially cash flow projection; tax planning; budgetary control and interpreting financial statements. As a result the study noted that most SMEs had declining levels of long-term solvency and growth. Finally the study established that cash flow control and monitoring had significant influence on the sustainability of SMEs.
Prediksi Asam Kuinat Sebagai Anti-Inflamasi Terhadap COX-2 Secara Virtual
Authors: Bare Yohanes , Kuki Agustina Dua , Rophi Apriani Herni , Krisnamurti Gabriella Candrakirana , Lorenza Margaretha Rika Wahyu Gabrella , Sari Dewi Ratih Tirto 
Published: January 2020

Inflamasi merupakan mekanisme pertahanan tubuh terhadap terhadap rangsangan berbahaya, seperti patogen, sel-sel yang rusak, senyawa beracun, atau iradiasi. Selama inflamasi dalam tubuh terdapat COX-2 mediator inflamasi yang peran meningkatkan inflamasi. Sistem imun anti-inflamasi yang mengalami mutasi menyebabkan inflmasi meningkat. Oleh karena itu untuk menurnkannya menggunakan bioaktif alam. Asam kuinat memiliki toksisitas yang sangat rendah dan tidak memberikan efek negatif terhadap organ tubuh manusia. Asam kuinat memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai kandidat obat tertinggi dalam terapi. Akan tetapi kurangnya kajiannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan unutk memprediksi potensi serta menganalisis asam kuinat sebagai agen inflamasi dengan cara menghambat COX-2. Metode yang digunakan terdiri atas pengunduhan protein COX-2 dari protein data bank (PDB) dan asam kuinat diperoleh dari database PubChem, persiapan protein (COX-2) dan ligan (asam Kuinat) dengan program PyRx, analisis interaksi protein dan ligan menggunakan program Hex 8.0.0 dan Discovery Studio client 4. Interaksi antara protein dan ligan menunjukan hasil positif dengan ditemukan 2 domain protein yang berikatan dengan asam kuinat. Protein domain A (GLU140, ASN144, SER143, dan TRP139) dan protein domain B (GLU236, THR237, LYS333, GLN241, GLN330, PHE329, dan LEU238). Ikatan yang terbentuk ada ikatan hidrogen dengan energi sebesar -198.95cal/mol. Asam kuinat diprediksi memiliki potensi sebagai terapi anti-inflamasi, hal ini ditunjukan karena ada ikatan yang terbentuk antara ligan dan 11 residu asam amino.
Reciprocal Leadership Influence on Organizational Change
Authors: Massoudi Aram H. , Hamdi Sameer S. 
Published: January 2020

The devastating effect of the crisis of 2011 on Syrian tourism industry was enormous; this led the industry's hoteliers to shift their attention to different strategies and organizational change to regain the business lost from such crisis. This research introduces the concept of reciprocal leadership as an effective tool in implementing organizational change in Dama Rose Hotel post-Syrian crisis of 2011. We presented the research problem in the following question: Do the dimensions of reciprocal leadership have any role in the success of managing the process of organizational change? The research used a qualitative approach; the primary data was composed of a questionnaire distributed to 65employeesworking at Dama Rose Hotel located in Damascus, Syria. The secondary data was composed of scientific journals, website, and textbooks. The outcome showed a positive relationship between reciprocal leadership dimensions on the process of managing the organizational change in the hotel, and there was a positive relationship between reciprocal leadership and organizational change.
التصنيف والانتقاء بدلالة القدرات البدنية للاعبي كرة السلة بمراكز الشباب في محافظة أربيل
Authors: Qader Goran M. , Darweesh Nawzad H. , Mohammad Bayar A. 
Published: January 2020

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تصنيف لاعبي كرة السلة بمراكز الشباب بمحافظة اربيل بدلالة القدرات البدنية وفق اسلوب التصنيف العنقودي (Classify Cluster) و التعرف على فاعلية متغيرات التصنيف بالأسلوب العنقودي للاعبي كرة السلة بمراكز الشباب من خلالايجاد الفروق بين المجموعات المصنفة.تكونت العينة من (82) لاعباً يمثلون (6) مراكز للشباب في محافظة أربيل وبنسبة(91.11%) من مجتمع البحث، تم تحليل (7) قدرات بدنية في كرة السلة باستخدام التحليل العنقودي، وقد تم فرز مجموعتين من اللاعبين اخدهما بواقع (71 لاعبا) والاخرة (8 لاعبين)كانت اهم الاستنتاجات التي توصلت اليها البحث هو أفرز التحليل العنقودي لمراكز الشباب الى مجموعتين من اللاعبين من خلال القدرة الانفجارية المتمثلة باختبار القفز العمودي من الثبات والسرعة الانتقالية من خلال اختبار ركض (30 متر) والقوة المميزة بالسرعة والمتمثلة باختبار الثلاث حجلات، ولقد كانت جميع هذه القدرات لصالح المجموعة الصغيرة والبالغة (8 لاعبين).المنتج النهائي للبحث هو التوصل إلى مجموعة من المتغيرات التصنيفية التي هي عبارة عن عناصر القدرات البدنية التي بموجبها يمكن انتقاء لاعبي كرة السلة.
Analysis of machine learning methods for computer systems to ensure safety from fraudulent texts
Authors: Shibaikin Sergei , Nikulin Vladimir , Abbakumov Andrei 
Published: January 2020

IT Security is an essential condition for functioning of each company whose work is related to the information storage. Various models for detecting fraudulent texts including a support vector machine, neural networks, logistic regression, and a naive Bayes classifier, have been analyzed. It is proposed to increase the efficiency of detection of fraudulent messages by combining classifiers in ensembles. The metaclassifier allows to consider the accuracy values of all analyzers, involving in the work the construction of the weight matrix and the characteristic that determines the minimum accuracy boundary. Based on the developed method, a software module for the classification of fraudulent text messages written in Java using M1 class of the OPENCV open library was created and tested. The general algorithm of the ensemble method is given. An experiment based on logistic regression, a naive Bayesian classifier, a multilayer perceptron, and an ensemble of these classifiers has revealed the maximum efficiency of the naive Bayesian classification algorithm and the prospect of combining classifiers into ensembles. The combined methods (ensembles) improve the results and increase the efficiency of the analysis, in contrast
to the work of individual analyzers.
Prognostic value of measuring heart rate variability at the time of hospital admission in horses with colic
Authors: Vitale Valentina , Viu Judit , Armengou Lara , Ríos José , Jose-Cunilleras Eduard 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prognostic value of measuring heart rate variability (HRV) in horses with colic at the time of admission to a referral hospital.

ANIMALS
51 horses > 1 year of age with colic (41 that survived [survivors] and 10 that died or were euthanized [nonsurvivors]).

PROCEDURES
HRV was recorded within 1 hour after admission by use of heart rate sensors with horses restrained in stocks. A 5-minute recording period was analyzed to obtain HRV measurements (eg, SD of R-R intervals [SDRR], root mean square of successive differences between R-R intervals [RMSSD], and geometric SDs determined from Poincaré plots [SD1 and SD2]). Variables associated with outcome (survival vs nonsurvival) were identified. Measurements were compared among diagnostic categories for colic (obstructive, inflammatory, or ischemic).

RESULTS
SDRR and RMSSD were significantly higher in survivors (median [25th to 75th percentile], 91.0 milliseconds [78.9 to 114.6 milliseconds] and 64.8 milliseconds [40.9 to 78.4 milliseconds], respectively) than in nonsurvivors (50.7 milliseconds [29.1 to 69.2 milliseconds] and 33.4 milliseconds [12.6 to 47.9 milliseconds], respectively). Similarly, SD1 and SD2 were significantly higher in survivors (48.3 milliseconds [28.9 to 60.9 milliseconds] and 111.3 milliseconds [93.0 to 146.6 milliseconds], respectively) than in nonsurvivors (23.7 milliseconds [8.9 to 33.9 milliseconds] and 65.1 milliseconds [33.7 to 91.9 milliseconds], respectively). The SDRR and SD2 were significantly higher for horses with obstructive colic than for horses with ischemic colic.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Analysis of HRV in horses with colic may provide information on the underlying cause and be helpful in identifying horses less likely to survive.
Effects of imidazoline and nonimidazoline α-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists, including xylazine, medetomidine, dexmedetomidine, yohimbine, and atipamezole, on aggregation of feline platelets
Authors: Matsukawa Takuya , Hikasa Yoshiaki 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of imidazoline and nonimidazoline α-adrenergic agents on aggregation of feline platelets.

SAMPLE
Blood samples from 12 healthy adult cats.

PROCEDURES
In 7 experiments, the effects of 23 imidazoline and nonimidazoline α-adrenoceptor agonists or antagonists on aggregation and antiaggregation of feline platelets were determined via a turbidimetric method. Collagen and ADP were used to initiate aggregation.

RESULTS
Platelet aggregation was not induced by α-adrenoceptor agonists alone. Adrenaline and noradrenaline induced a dose-dependent potentiation of ADP- or collagen-induced aggregation. Oxymetazoline and xylometazoline also induced a small potentiation of ADP-stimulated aggregation, but other α-adrenoceptor agonists did not induce potentiation. The α2-adrenoceptor antagonists and certain imidazoline α-adrenergic agents including phentolamine, yohimbine, atipamezole, clonidine, medetomidine, and dexmedetomidine inhibited adrenaline-potentiated aggregation induced by ADP or collagen in a dose-dependent manner. The imidazoline compound antazoline inhibited adrenaline-potentiated aggregation in a dose-dependent manner. Conversely, α1-adrenoceptor antagonists and nonimidazoline α-adrenergic agents including xylazine and prazosin were ineffective or less effective for inhibiting adrenaline-potentiated aggregation. Moxonidine also was ineffective for inhibiting adrenaline-potentiated aggregation induced by collagen. Medetomidine and xylazine did not reverse the inhibitory effect of atipamezole and yohimbine on adrenaline-potentiated aggregation.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Adrenaline-potentiated aggregation of feline platelets may be mediated by α2-adrenoceptors, whereas imidazoline agents may inhibit in vitro platelet aggregation via imidazoline receptors. Imidazoline α-adrenergic agents may have clinical use for conditions in which there is platelet reactivity to adrenaline. Xylazine, medetomidine, and dexmedetomidine may be used clinically in cats with minimal concerns for adverse effects on platelet function.
BRICs Nations Growing Impact on the Global Health Sector
Authors: Jakovljevic M. B. , Ekkert N. V. , Mikerova M. S. , Reshetnikov V. A. 
Published: January 2020

The most notable feature of the past five centuries of global economic history dating back from Colonial Age until the present accelerated globalization is the persistence of «North–South» division between the global rich and poor. This ground pattern has been falling apart over the last three decades with the rise of BRICs emerging economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China). The Chinese Belt and Road Initiative fosters further rapid growth and synergy among these large nations. This ambitious and historically unprecedented infrastructural project if successful can lead to a formation by 2049 of a huge common economic zone bringing opportunities for multilateral development to the BRICs. These profound changes have deep implications for the global health care sector. Previous research on health and pharmaceutical spending has clearly documented that low- and middle-income economies (LMICs), led by these emerging markets, have doubled their share in global health spending from roughly 20% up to approximately 40% in purchasing power parity terms. Alongside with these global developments, a decade ago, some of the leading Western academic centers, confirm new era of rising world’s geo-economic and geopolitical multipolarity. The world witnesses this process being accelerated today and seek deeper understanding how it will reflect on long term health and pharmaceutical expenditure trends, particularly in the leading BRICs emerging markets being a front runner of such evolution.The authors declare absence of conflict of interests.
The effects of large-scale sport events on foreign direct investment inflows: the results of empirical estimation
Authors: Drapkin I. M. , Lukyanov S. A. 
Published: January 2020

The expediency of hosting large-scale sport events (LSE), such as the Summer and Winter Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup and EUFA European Championship, is a matter of public and scientific discussion. The main argument against hosting large-scale sport events is the substantial direct financial losses for an organizing country in most cases. Moreover, local residents often oppose hosting major sport events because of price increase and different inconveniences in their everyday life. At the same time the effects of hosting large-scale events have long-term nature and go beyond direct financial benefits. One of the difficulties in estimating the effects of LSE is that they are hard to measure.The literature review shows the deficit of research on how large-scale events influence the foreign direct investment inflows in the hosting country. In contrast to numerous papers on LSE influence on economic growth, foreign trade, international tourist flows, the authors found only one article devoted to LSE influence on FDI inflows. The present paper analyzes the influence of major sport events on foreign direct investment flows to the hosting country. The estimated database comprises data for 195 countries for the period of 1970–2018, 24 out of which hosted or will host 48 major sport events. The regression analysis indicates that LSE induce significant influence on foreign direct investment flows in the hosting economy. Comparing several models, we show that the most reliable is the model where hosting LSE positively influence on FDI inflows within the period starting 8 years before and ending 4 years after the event. We explain the result by the following. Firstly, fostering economic growth due to hosting LSE serves as a catalyst of foreign direct investment inflows. Secondly, LSE improves image of the hosting country abroad that positively affects the attractiveness of the country to foreign investors. Thirdly, the growing openness of the economy due to LSE (expressed for example in growth of international trade) positively affects the FDI inflows.The authors declare the absence of conflict of interests.
Moscow Treaty of the USSR-Germany and «Letter on German Unity». From Conflict to Compromise
Authors: Filitov A. M. 
Published: January 2020

The article considers the course and results of the Soviet-West German negotiations that led to the conclusion of the Moscow Treaty of August 12, 1970, which became an important factor in defusing international tensions on the European continent. Special attention is paid to the problem of the genesis of the so-called "Letter on German unity", the adoption of which the Soviet side stubbornly insisted on the representatives of Germany. The article reveals the flexible tactics of the Soviet delegation, which was headed by the Minister of foreign Affairs of the USSR AA. Gromyko: taking into account, in particular, the position of the GDR, the diplomats opposed the inclusion in the text of the Treaty of any provisions relating to the unification of Germany, but left open the prospect of such unification in the future. Some realism and willingness to compromise showed and West German negotiators, among whom special credit belongs to the personal emissary of Chancellor Brandt E. Bahr. On the basis of these compromises, a common position of the parties on the conclusion and subsequent ratification of the Moscow Treaty was worked out. The article pays due attention to the "US factor" in Soviet-West German relations. Formally declaring a positive attitude to the" new Eastern policy " of Germany, in fact the American side tried to compromise it in every possible way and complicate the process of preparing the Moscow Treaty. There is also some inconsistency in the German diplomacy in departing from previous political dogmas, primarily from the claims to the sole representation of all Germans. The main conclusion of the article is that as a result of the complex and sometimes conflicting Soviet-West German negotiation process, its participants managed to overcome the real contradiction between the principle of inviolability of borders and the right to national self-determination. In the current international situation, when this contradiction is artificially aggravated by the supporters of confrontation, the experience gained in the development and coordination of the provisions of the Moscow Treaty is of actual practical importance. The work is written on the basis of previously not entered into scientific circulation of primary sources from the Archive of foreign policy of the Russian Federation, as well as published West German documents.The author declares absence of conflict of interests.
Chemical study of asphaltene inhibitors effects on asphaltene precipitation of an Iranian oil field
Authors: Ahmadbaygi Afshar , Bayati Behrouz , Mansouri Mohsen , Rezaei Hossein , Riazi Masoud 
Published: January 2020

The amount of precipitated asphaltene can be considerably reduced with pretreatment of asphaltene inhibitor, in the crude oil. Efficiency of asphaltene inhibitors mainly depends on some parameters such as pH of the oil and the chemical structure of asphaltene inhibitors. In this paper, the amounts of asphaltene precipitation have been experimentally measured using two n-paraffin precipitants; n-heptane and n-hexane. The performance of the studies on the asphaltene accumulation was studied using Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis. The onset point has been determined by three different commercial asphaltene inhibitors. The results show that when an asphaltene inhibitor is not injected into the mixture of synthetic oil/n-heptane, AOP (Asphaltene Onset Point) occurs at 35 vol.% of n-heptane, while with addition of 3000 ppm of asphaltene B inhibitor, AOP occurs at 60 vol.% of n-heptane.
Produksi dan Optimasi Biosurfaktan dari Bakteri Halofilik Chromohalobacter japonicus BK-AB18
Authors: Yuliana Cut , Hertadi Rukman , Wahyuningrum Deana 
Published: January 2020

<p>Perkembangan teknologi bioproses telah mendorong pendekatan ke arah produk surfaktan biologi (biosurfaktan) yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada optimasi produksi biosurfaktan dengan menggunakan variasi sumber karbon dan nitrogen. Tahap awal penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menguji potensi bakteri <em>Chromohalobacter japonicus </em>BK-AB18 penghasil biosurfaktan dengan menggunakan metode uji hemolisis dimana hasil menunjukkan aktivitas hemolisis yang tinggi dengan ukuran zona bening 3 cm pada media agar darah. Selanjutnya dilakukan produksi pada medium optimal dengan menambahkan 2% variasi sumber karbon terdiri dari minyak zaitun, minyak jagung, minyak kelapa sawit, minyak kacang kedelai dan minyak bunga matahari serta 0,3 % variasi nitrogen terdiri dari urea, NaNO<sub>3, </sub>NH<sub>4</sub>Cl, NH<sub>2</sub>(SO)<sub>4 </sub>and KNO<sub>3</sub>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi biosurfaktan dari <em>Chromohalobacter japonicus </em>BK-AB18 meningkat secara signifikan dengan menggunakan minyak zaitun sebagai sumber karbon dan urea sebagai sumber nitrogen dengan hasil penyebaran minyak 4,8 cm serta aktivitas biosurfaktan dengan nilai tegangan permukaan sebesar<em> </em>34 dyne/cm<em>, </em>dan hasil uji emulsifikasi sebesar 76%.</p>
Pengaruh Blending Biofuel dari Minyak Jelantah Terhadap Kerosin
Authors: Andrianti Irma , Monde Junety , Fauzan Akhmad , Lorianti Lorianti 
Published: January 2020

<p>Sumber energi terbarukan semakin mendapat perhatian, hal ini disebakan karena berkurangnya cadangan minyak dan meningkatnya kesadaran manusia akan lingkungan. Biofuel secara umum adalah bahan bakar berasal dari tumbuhan dan hewan. <em>Blending</em> adalah suatu proses pencampuran untuk mendapatkan produk yang memenuhi spesifikasi. Pada penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah <em>blending</em> <em>biofuel</em> dengan kerosin yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik perbandingan rasio <em>blending biofuel</em> dengan kerosin. Analisa yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah bilangan asam, massa jenis, bilangan penyabunan, <em>flash point</em>, distilasi, dan bilangan iodin. Variabel penelitian rasio <em>blending</em> 5:95, 10:90, 15:85, 20:80, 25:75, 30:70. Nilai terbaik pada penelitian ini terdapat pada blending dengan rasio B30, bilangan asam diperoleh rasio <em>blending </em>B30 0,08 mg/gram, massa jenis pada rasio <em>blending </em>B30 800 Kg/m<sup>3</sup>, bilangan penyabunan pada rasio <em>blending </em>B30 2,24 mg/gram, <em> flash point </em>terbaik pada rasio <em>blending </em>B30 51°C, distilasi 90% pada rasio <em>blending </em>B30 298 °C dan bilangan iodin pada rasio <em>blending</em> B30 0,75 gram I<sub>2</sub>/gram minyak.</p>