bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing soil nutrient balances on small‐scale farms in the mid‐hills of Nepal: Do socio‐economic factors matter for sustainable land use?
Authors: Karna Romy Das , Bauer Siegfried 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSoil nutrient balance studies have become increasingly influential in policy discussions about soil fertility management and sustainable agriculture in developing countries. However, such studies, particularly in the context of Nepal, have often overlooked socio‐economic characteristics of farm households that may have a significant influence upon soil nutrient balances. This study, therefore, estimates the balances of three macronutrients—nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K)—and analyzes the impact of socio‐economic factors on each of them applying a Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model. The results indicate that farm households in the study area had an average annual surplus of 31 ± 73 kg ha−1 N but an annual deficit of 20 ± 53 kg ha−1 P and 45 ± 64 kg ha−1 K. Socio‐economic variables, such as distance to the market center, distance to plot from the homestead, possession of sloping farming plots, and having received training on nutrient management showed a negative impact on the nutrient balances. In contrast, male‐headed households, family size, and the use of improved composting methods showed a positive impact on nutrient balances. The study suggests that increased supply of organic sources of P and K via improved composting, better accessibility to inorganic P and K fertilizer through improved marketing infrastructure, and site‐specific fertilizer recommendations more accountable to the changing pattern of cultivation in mid‐hill region may contribute to reducing the trend of nutrient mining. Further, gender‐sensitive extension services are needed to provide female‐headed households with better knowledge and skills to manage their soil nutrients.
Identifying potential vegetation establishment areas on the dried Aral Sea floor using satellite images
Authors: Kim Jiwon , Song Cholho , Lee Sujong , Jo Hyun‐Woo , Park Eunbeen , Yu Hangnan , Cha Sungeun , An Jiae , Son Yowhan , Khamzina Asia , Lee Woo‐Kyun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Aral Sea was one of the largest lakes in the world, but almost 60,000 km2 of the waterbody has dried up due to water withdrawal for irrigation. Afforestation on the desiccated seafloor could be important in preventing soil flation, dust storms, and negative impact on human health. In this study, we aimed to delineate potential vegetation establishment areas on the dried Aral Sea bed using remote‐sensed data in support of the decision‐making related to afforestation. Various indices such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), topsoil grain size index (TGSI), soil salinity index (SSI), and normalized multiband drought index (NMDI) were calculated from the LANDSAT‐8 OLI satellite imagery. As an indicator of vegetation existence, NDVI was classified into three groups and set as a base for classifying other indices by performing statistical analyses. Based on the decision tree method, indices were combined and the potential vegetation establishment area was detected. Higher NDVI was identified in the southeast than the west of the study area. The results of statistical analyses showed that TGSI had a positive correlation with NDVI, while SSI and NMDI had a negative correlation. Overall, the potential vegetation area comprised 7,295.21 km2 (61.34%) of the 'unsuitable' area, 2,818.64 km2 (23.7%) of the 'intermediate' area, 1,612.15 km2 (13.56%) of the 'suitable' area, and 166.42 km2 (1.4%) of the 'very suitable' area. The developed map enables to identify dried seafloor area suitable for vegetation establishment thus contributing to planning the land rehabilitation efforts and preventing further land degradation.
Land‐use conversion changes deep soil organic carbon stock in the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Li Bin‐Bin , Li Pan‐Pan , Yang Xiao‐Mei , Xiao Hai‐Bing , Xu Ming‐Xiang , Liu Guo‐Bin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLand‐use change is a key factor driving changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration worldwide. However, the changes in deep (>100 cm depth) SOC stock following land‐use conversion have not been fully elucidated. In this study, to determine the changes in deep SOC stock (to a depth of 400 cm) resulting from conversion of cropland to woodland, shrubland and grassland on the Chinese Loess Plateau, 469 observations from peer‐reviewed publications and original measured data were synthesised. The results were as follows: (a) SOC stock increased significantly at 0–100 and 100–200 cm layers regardless of land‐use conversion types. (b) Carbon loss occurred in the 200–400 cm layers due to land‐use conversion. (c) Changes in SOC stock varied with restoration age, except for conversion of cropland to grassland. Specifically, SOC stock increased with restoration age in the upper 200 cm layers, whereas that in the 200–400 cm layers first increased and then decreased in the middle to later stages under conversion to woodland and shrubland. (d) Initial SOC stock and rainfall zones had significant effects on the changes of deep SOC stock. (e) Furthermore, an accumulation of 1 Mg ha−1in the upper 100 cm was associated with an approximately 0.45 Mg ha−1increase in the 100–400 cm soil layers. These results indicate that land‐use conversion, particularly conversion of cropland to woodland, changes deep (>100 cm) SOC stock, and restoration age should be taken into consideration when assessing deep carbon sequestration.
Designing and analyzing a modern MIMO‐UWB antenna with a novel stub for stop band characteristics and reduced mutual coupling
Authors: Khan Muhammad Irshad , Khattak Muhammad Irfan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA dual notched band MIMO‐UWB antenna is presented in this article. High isolation between radiating elements is achieved with novel elliptical T‐shape stub and dual bands are notched with the help of a novel G‐shape stub; extended from ground plan. The proposed antenna is resonates between 3 and 11 GHz. The size of antenna is 18 × 36 × 1.6 mm3. The antenna is evaluated in term of isolation, envelope correlation coefficient, gain, efficiency, current distribution, and radiation pattern.
Correction of motion‐induced susceptibility artifacts and B0 drift during proton resonance frequency shift‐based MR thermometry in the pelvis with background field removal methods
Authors: Wu Mingming , Mulder Hendrik T. , Baron Paul , Coello Eduardo , Menzel Marion I. , van Rhoon Gerard C. , Haase Axel 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe linear change of the water proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) with temperature is used to monitor temperature change based on the temporal difference of image phase. Here, the effect of motion‐induced susceptibility artifacts on the phase difference was studied in the context of mild radio frequency hyperthermia in the pelvis.MethodsFirst, the respiratory‐induced field variations were disentangled from digestive gas motion in the pelvis. The projection onto dipole fields (PDF) as well as the Laplacian boundary value (LBV) algorithm were applied on the phase difference data to eliminate motion‐induced susceptibility artifacts. Both background field removal (BFR) algorithms were studied using simulations of susceptibility artifacts, a phantom heating experiment, and volunteer and patient heating data.ResultsRespiratory‐induced field variations were negligible in the presence of the filled water bolus. Even though LBV and PDF showed comparable results for most data, LBV seemed more robust in our data sets. Some data sets suggested that PDF tends to overestimate the background field, thus removing phase attributed to temperature. The BFR methods even corrected for susceptibility variations induced by a subvoxel displacement of the phantom. The method yielded successful artifact correction in 2 out of 4 patient treatment data sets during the entire treatment duration of mild RF heating of cervical cancer. The heating pattern corresponded well with temperature probe data.ConclusionThe application of background field removal methods in PRFS‐based MR thermometry has great potential in various heating applications and body regions to reduce motion‐induced susceptibility artifacts that originate outside the region of interest, while conserving temperature‐induced PRFS. In addition, BFR automatically removes up to a first‐order spatial B0 drift.
Risk factors for mechanical ventilation in children with Guillain‐Barré syndrome
Authors: Luo Hanyu , Hong Siqi , Li Mei , Wang Li , Jiang Li 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe assessed clinical predictors of mechanical ventilation in children with Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) to help identify patients who require mechanical ventilation.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the clinical, laboratory, and electrophysiological data of 103 children with GBS. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the requirement for mechanical ventilation. Variables that were significantly different between the two groups in univariate analysis were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsTime from symptom onset to admission (P = .002), facial or bulbar weakness (P = .001), and axonal type (P = .005) were associated with mechanical ventilation in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, facial or bulbar weakness (odds ratio [OR], 7.936; P = .013) and axonal type (OR, 4.582; P = .022) were independent predictors for mechanical ventilation.ConclusionsFacial or bulbar weakness and axonal type were associated with increased risk for mechanical ventilation in children with GBS.
Reference values for distal motor conduction of the tibial nerve: Effects of demographic and anthropometric measures
Authors: Ginanneschi Federica , Curti Stefania , Marinelli Francesco , NFT Alessandro Aretini , Cioncoloni David , Mattioli Stefano , Mondelli Mauro 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn this study we collected reference values for the across‐tarsal‐tunnel conduction of the motor tibial nerve (mTN).MethodsThe mTN compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) from the abductor hallucis muscle were obtained by stimulating below/above the malleolus and the popliteal fossa. The effect of weight, height, body mass index (BMI), foot and leg length, sex, and age were evaluated using univariate and multivariate correlation analyses, and predictive equations for each mTN conduction parameter were developed.ResultsOn the basis of data from 185 subjects, there were differences between women and men in all anthropometric parameters and for some nerve conduction values. Through multivariate analysis, age, but not sex, was found to have a significant impact. Height affected both distal and proximal conduction velocity. BMI affected CMAP amplitude.DiscussionmTN conduction is influenced by various demographic and anthropometric factors. For all intrinsic factors, height demonstrated the greatest effect on mTN conduction across the tarsal tunnel.
Blenderized Tube Feeding: Health Outcomes and Review of Homemade and Commercially Prepared Products
Authors: Bennett Katherine , Hjelmgren Betsy , Piazza Jennifer 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe popularity of homemade blenderized tube feeding (HBTF) continues to increase among enteral nutrition (EN) consumers and healthcare providers alike, citing improved feeding tolerance over standard commercial enteral formulas, among other health outcomes. Within the past 5–10 years, there has been a surge in the development of commercial blenderized tube feeding (CBTF) products. CBTF products promote similar benefits from whole foods like those used in HBTF while being a nutritionally‐consistent, easy to use, and shelf‐stable option for EN consumers. Research is improving but is still limited for HBTF and virtually nonexistent for CBTF products. This review aims to summarize current health outcomes of HBTF, compare HBTF with CBTF, evaluate CBTF products, and provide considerations for future research and practices.
Using grant funding to enhance school psychology training
Authors: Washington Michelle L. , Truscott Stephen , Franklin Artesia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) offers competitive grants to institutions to provide training to prepare education personnel to work with children with disabilities. These grants have been found to improve the recruitment, training, and retention of special education personnel. This study explored the use of OSEP–personnel preparation (OSEP–PP) grants in school psychology programs from the perspective of school psychology university trainers with current active OSEP grant funding. Findings suggest that OSEP–PP grants enhance school psychology program recruitment efforts and improve the training of school psychologists. Study participants highlighted the importance of diversity within both training and recruitment. On the basis of these findings, authors discuss ways in which OSEP–PP funding can improve field shortages and school psychology training, and subsequently enhance school psychology practices towards more comprehensive service delivery.
Inherited periglacial geomorphology of a basalt hill in the Sudetes, Central Europe: Insights from LiDAR‐aided landform mapping
Authors: Migoń Piotr , Jancewicz Kacper , Kasprzak Marek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the results of mapping inherited cold‐climate landforms and deposits at the Muchów Hills site in the Sudetes, Central Europe (51°N). Bedrock supporting the upper slopes is basalt, with well‐developed columnar jointing, and local relief is of the order of 100 m, whereas the middle and lower slopes are underlain by glacigenic deposits. Characteristic cold‐climate landforms include rock cliffs, talus aprons, mid‐slope benches, solifluction sheets and lobes, and are integrated into sediment transport systems linking bedrock elevations with the adjacent plain. Ground identification of these features may be ambiguous, but the interpretation of high‐resolution LiDAR Digital Terrain Modeling data helped to provide a comprehensive spatial picture. Reasons for partial remodeling of inherited periglacial landforms in the Muchów Hills include biogeomorphological activity throughout the Holocene, mainly tree uprooting and resultant regolith mixing.
Structural and chemical trapping of flavin‐oxide intermediates reveals substrate‐directed reaction multiplicity
Authors: Lin Kuan‐Hung , Lyu Syue‐Yi , Yeh Hsien‐Wei , Li Yi‐Shan , Hsu Ning‐Shian , Huang Chun‐Man , Wang Yung‐Lin , Shih Hao‐Wei , Wang Zhe‐Chong , Wu Chang‐Jer , Li Tsung‐Lin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThough reactive flavin‐N5/C4α‐oxide intermediates can be spectroscopically profiled for some flavin‐assisted enzymatic reactions, their exact chemical configurations are hardly visualized. Structural systems biology and stable isotopic labelling techniques were exploited to correct this stereotypical view. Three transition‐like complexes, the α‐ketoacid…N5‐FMNox complex (I), the FMNox‐N5‐aloxyl‐C′α−‐C4α+ zwitterion (II), and the FMN‐N5‐ethenol‐N5‐C4α‐epoxide (III), were determined from mandelate oxidase (Hmo) or its mutant Y128F (monooxygenase) crystals soaked with monofluoropyruvate (a product mimic), establishing that N5 of FMNox an alternative reaction center can polarize to an ylide‐like mesomer in the active site. In contrast, four distinct flavin‐C4α‐oxide adducts (IV–VII) from Y128F crystals soaked with selected substrates materialize C4α of FMN an intrinsic reaction center, witnessing oxidation, Baeyer–Villiger/peroxide‐assisted decarboxylation, and epoxidation reactions. In conjunction with stopped‐flow kinetics, the multifaceted flavin‐dependent reaction continuum is physically dissected at molecular level for the first time.
Acute kidney injury and its impact on renal prognosis after robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Sato Hiromi , Narita Shintaro , Saito Mitsuru , Yamamoto Ryohei , Koizumi Atsushi , Nara Taketoshi , Kanda Sohei , Numakura Kazuyuki , Inoue Takamitsu , Satoh Shigeru , Abe Kyoko , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study assessed the incidence and impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on renal prognosis in patients who underwent robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP).MethodsMedical records of 305 patients treated with RARP were retrospectively reviewed. The patients with postoperative AKIs were dichotomized into early AKI (immediately after surgery) and late AKI (1‐7 days after surgery). The impact of AKIs and their risk factors were statistically assessed.ResultsEarly and late AKI were observed in 143 (46.9%) and 12 (3.9%) patients, respectively. Hypertension and console time were independent risk factors for early AKI. Among the patients with preoperative eGFR ≥60 mL/min, the eGFR decline 12 months after surgery was significantly greater in patients with early AKI than that without early AKI (−6.8 vs −3.2 mL/min, P = .02).ConclusionsApproximately half of patients developed early AKI after RARP. The patients with early AKI had reduced renal function 12 months after surgery.
Exponential stability of switched positive systems with all modes being unstable
Authors: Zhou Zi‐Yu , Wang Yan‐Wu , Yang Wu , Hu Meng‐Jie 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis article studies the exponential stability of continuous‐time switched positive systems consisting of unstable subsystems. Different from the existing results, both stabilizing and destabilizing switching behaviors act in the switching sequences. By employing multiple composite copositive Lyapunov functions, sufficient condition is derived to ensure the exponential stability of the system, which evaluates the ratio of stabilizing switching behaviors to compensate the state divergence caused by either unstable subsystems or destabilizing switching behaviors. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the result.
Husbands' and wives' stressful work, couple BMI dynamics, and later‐life physical health
Authors: Wickrama Kandauda A. S. , Klopack Eric T. , O'Neal Catherine W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrevious research has not adequately investigated the persistent influence of stressful work experiences, particularly person‐work mismatch (PWM), on later‐life physical health outcomes of working husbands and wives. Using prospective data collected from 235 working husbands and wives over a period of 27 years (1991–2017), this study examined PWM in early middle years (40–50 years of age) and body mass index (BMI) trajectories in mid‐later years (50–65 years of age) in a dyadic actor‐partner interdependence modelling framework. Results showed PWM in early middle years was related to BMI trajectories in mid‐later years, which contributed to multiple physical health outcomes in later life. Spouses' PWM influenced not only their BMI trajectories but also their partners' BMI trajectories, providing evidence for partner effects. This couple‐level BMI process over the mid‐later years was related to spouses' physical health in later years. Husbands' elevated BMI level resulted in adverse physical health outcomes. In contrast, for wives, it was the change in BMI over time that resulted in adverse physical health outcomes in their later years. These findings are particularly important for couple‐focused family interventions as they highlight the need to consider couple‐level lifestyle and behavioural factors that can safeguard spouses from the negative health consequences of PWM.
Associations between stressful life events, non‐suicidal self‐injury, and depressive symptoms among Chinese rural‐to‐urban children: A three‐wave longitudinal study
Authors: Gao Yemiao , Wang Hui , Liu Xia , Xiong Yuke , Wei Ming 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMigrant children experience more stressful life events than their urban counterparts. Despite the growing evidence that stressful life events are associated with non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI), few studies have investigated this relationship using longitudinal designs. Besides, potential mediating factors have been rarely examined. This study tested the temporal relationship between stressful life events and NSSI among Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrant children, with depressive symptoms as the potential mediator, as well as the potential sex differences in these associations. In the present study, 279 Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrant children (57.3% females; Mage = 11.95, SD = 1.22) reported their stressful life events, depressive symptoms and NSSI a total of three times at 6‐month intervals. Depressive symptoms only longitudinally mediated the relationship between stressful life events and NSSI among females. These findings provide evidence that supports the longitudinal effect of stressful life events on NSSI and the mediating role of depressive symptoms among migrant children. Moreover, there are sex differences in these longitudinal relationships.
Economic freedom and migration: A metro area‐level analysis
Authors: Arif Imran , Hoffer Adam , Stansel Dean , Lacombe Donald 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe examine the determinants of intra‐U.S. population migration at the metropolitan area level (MSA), with an emphasis on the presence of policies that are consistent with economic freedom. We are the first to produce a multivariate regression analysis of migration and economic freedom at the local level. Combining a 1993–2014 unbalanced panel of MSA‐to‐MSA migration data from the Internal Revenue Service with a new economic freedom index for U.S. metropolitan areas, we find that a 10% increase in economic freedom of a destination MSA, relative to the economic freedom of an origin MSA, was associated with a 27.4% increase in net migration from the origin MSA to the destination MSA. If we use mean net migration flows as a benchmark, we would expect a 10% increase in relative economic freedom to increase net migration to the destination MSA by 22 workers per year from each other MSA.
Survival of esophageal and gastric cancer patients with adjuvant and palliative chemotherapy—a retrospective analysis of a register-based patient cohort
Authors: Ekheden Isabella , Ebrahim Fereshte , Ólafsdóttir Halla , Raaschou Pauline , Wettermark Björn , Henriksson Roger , Ye Weimin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The survival of esophageal and gastric cancer patients treated with chemotherapy is rarely assessed outside of clinical trials. Therefore, we compared the effectiveness of various curative or palliative chemotherapy regimens on the survival of esophageal and gastric cancer patients in a “real world” clinical setting.

Methods
We identified a cohort of 966 incident esophageal and gastric cancer patients in Stockholm/Gotland County (a low-risk Western population) during 2008–2013. Patients who received chemotherapy with curative intention (n = 279) and palliative intention (n = 182) were analyzed separately. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and adjusted for the potential confounding factors: age, sex, TNM stage, radiotherapy, comorbidity, marital status, education, income, and country of birth.

Results
In esophageal cancer patients with curative treatment intention, we observed a higher hazard for death among patients who received carboplatin-fluorouracil compared to patients who received cisplatin-fluorouracil, corresponding to a HR of 2.18 (95% CI 1.09–4.37). Conversely, in patients with cancer in the gastroesophageal junction who had a curative treatment intention at diagnosis, we observed a reduced hazard for death among those who received fluorouracil-oxaliplatin, compared to patients who received cisplatin-fluorouracil (HR 0.28; 95% CI 0.08–0.96).

Conclusion
Among patients with esophageal cancer who received treatment with curative intention, cisplatin-fluorouracil was associated with better survival compared to carboplatin-fluorouracil, while patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer who were treated with cisplatin-fluorouracil had worse survival compared to fluorouracil-oxaliplatin.