bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nucleation and growth inhibition of biological minerals by cementum attachment protein‐derived peptide (CAP‐pi)
Authors: Montoya Gonzalo , Lopez Kevin , Arenas Jesús , Zamora Claudia , Hoz Lía , Romo Enrique , Jiménez Karina , Arzate Higinio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBiomineralization is a highly regulated process where proteins/peptides‐crystal interactions contribute to the shaping, phasing and aggregation of minerals. We have identified and synthesized a cementum attachment protein‐derived peptide (CAP‐pi), which corresponds to amino acids 40–53 of the N‐terminal CAP domain (MASSDEDGTNGGAS) and its phosphorylated variant (MASpSpDEDGTNGGASp) (CAP‐pip). The peptide is composed of polar and negatively charged amino acids, which are disordered, according to in silico analysis. Our results show that CAP‐pi inhibits hydroxyapatite (HA) formation and growth. However, it possesses low capacity to inhibit calcium oxalate crystal growth. CAP‐pip showed a stronger inhibitory effect on the formation and growth of HA. As well as a high capacity to inhibit calcium oxalate monohydrate growth, mainly due to adsorption on specific growth faces. Small peptides have many advantages over the full‐size protein, including low‐cost production and modulation characteristics that allow for structural changes. Our findings suggest that CAP‐pip‐derived peptide could possess therapeutic potential to prevent or treat pathological calcifications such as renal stones and vascular calcification.
A hybrid ensemble adjustment Kalman filter based high‐resolution data assimilation system for the Red Sea: Implementation and evaluation
Authors: Toye Habib , Sanikommu Sivareddy , Raboudi Naila F. , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA new Hybrid ensemble data assimilation system is implemented with a Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm) of the Red Sea. The system is based on the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART) and combines a time‐varying ensemble generated by the Ensemble Adjustment Kalman Filter (EAKF) with a pre‐selected quasi‐static (monthly varying) ensemble as used in an Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnOI) scheme. The goal is to develop an efficient system that enhances the state estimate and model forecasting skill in the Red Sea with reduced computational load compared to the EAKF. Observations of satellite sea‐surface temperature (SST), altimeter sea‐surface height (SSH), and in situ temperature and salinity profiles are assimilated to evaluate the new system. The performance of the Hybrid scheme (hereafter Hybrid‐EAKF) is assessed with respect to the EnOI and the EAKF results. The comparisons are based on the daily averaged forecasts against satellite SST and SSH measurements and independent in situ temperature and salinity profiles. Hybrid‐EAKF yields significant improvements in terms of ocean state estimates compared to both EnOI and EAKF, in particular mitigating for dynamical imbalances that affect EnOI. Hybrid‐EAKF improves the estimation of SST and SSH root‐mean‐square differences by up to 20% compared to EAKF. High‐resolution mesoscale eddy features, which dominate the Red Sea circulation, are further better represented in Hybrid‐EAKF. Important reduction, by about 75%, in computational cost is also achieved with the Hybrid‐EAKF system compared to the EAKF. These significant improvements were obtained with the Hybrid‐EAKF after accounting for uncertainties in the atmospheric forcing and internal model physics in the time‐varying ensemble.
Pure transoral robotic thyroidectomy; institutional adaptation and early results from a tertiary endocrine surgery centre
Authors: Tunca Fatih , Dural Ahmet Cem , Sahbaz Nuri Alper , Akarsu Cevher , Sormaz Ismail Cem , Saygi Emir Nalan , Guzey Deniz , Giles Senyurek Yasemin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeNovel thyroidectomy techniques have been described to minimize the visible scar. Hereby, we aim to present our experience with transoral robotic thyroidectomy (TORT) without axillary access.Material and MethodsBetween August 2018 and March 2019, six eligible patients were enrolled to undergo TORT. Procedures were performed by using the Da Vinci Xi platform under intermittent intraoperative nerve monitoring.ResultsAll patients were female, and the mean age was 40.0 ± 14.4 years. Three patients underwent total thyroidectomy, and lobectomy was performed for the remaining three patients. In one patient, the procedure was converted to conventional open thyroidectomy due to bleeding. The mean docking time, console time and total operative time were 22.8 ± 5.2 min, 118.5 ± 48.7 min and 218.29 ± 50.6 min for total thyroidectomy and 21.8 ± 4.1 min, 68.6 ± 6.1 min and 177.6 ± 15.1 min for lobectomy, respectively. All patients were discharged uneventfully.ConclusionsPure TORT is a safe procedure, when performed in carefully selected patients by experienced surgeons, but further prospective studies with larger number of patients are required.
Linear versus Branched Peptide with Same Amino Acid Sequence for Legumain‐Targeting in Macrophages: Targeting Efficiency and Bioimaging Potential
Authors: Kanathasan Jayasree S. , Gunasagaram Diivananthan , Khan Shafi Ullah , Palanisamy Uma D. , Radhakrishnan Ammu Kutty , Ahemad Nafees , Swamy Varghese 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe relative legumain‐targeting efficiency of a Y‐shaped peptide and a linear peptide with the same amino acid sequence was investigated using in vitro experiments and computer simulations. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy of cell types with varying levels of legumain expression (RAW 264.7, 4T1, MCF 10 A, MCF 7 and MDA MB 231) revealed that the linear peptide has a higher legumain binding efficiency in legumain‐active cells compared to the Y‐shaped peptide. Peptide‐protein docking simulations showed that the more stable linear peptide binds at the active site of legumain, whereas the Y‐shaped peptide binds at a different site. The Y‐shaped peptide has its asparaginyl binding site (‐Asn‐) coiled into an α‐helix form, and this reduces access to legumain binding. The linear peptide conjugated to fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) displayed enhanced binding efficiency towards legumain. The peptide‐CDs conjugate nanoparticles are stable under pH, temperature, and medium composition conditions similar to that may be expected in tumor environments, suggesting their high potential as a bioimaging agent.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Antimicrobial Activity of α, β‐Unsaturated Ketone Exchange Moiety for Chalcone and Pyrazoline Derivatives
Authors: Farooq Saba , Ngaini Zainab 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBacterial diseases cause hazardous infections due to the occurrence of bacterial resistance. Drugs production to cure bacterial resistance from natural sources has become ineffective to execute the resisted bacteria due to the unsuitable binding interaction of active sites with the receptors. Drug link to natural products moieties such as chalcones and pyrazolines, which originated from plants extracts, has become attractive among researchers due to its significant pharmaceutical moiety. In this study a series of chalcone derivatives (1 a–d) has been synthesized via Claisen‐Schmidt condensation, followed by cyclization to form pyrazolines (2 a–d, 3 a–d). Fischer esterification of pyrazolines formed 4 a–d in moderate to good yield (42.91‐88.23 %). Antimicrobial activities of all the synthesized compounds were evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus via disc diffusion. Among all compounds, pyrazolines 3 c and 3 d showed the highest zone of inhibition (17 mm) compared to 1 a‐d (5‐11 mm) and standard ampicillin (11 mm). The exchange of α, β‐unsaturated carbonyl showed phenomenal increment in the biological activities. Structure activity relationship of 1 a, 1 d, 3 a and 3 d was analyzed via molecular docking of N‐terminal domain having deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) binding protein (4pql) with excellent binding energy of −6.2, −6.6, −7.1 and −7.2 kcal/mol, respectively. This work is significant in designing new drugs with keto‐exchange relationship for medicinal industry.
Ionic Conductivity of Low‐Crystalline Li4P2S6 and Li4P2S6–LiX (X=Cl, Br, and I) Systems and Their Role in Improved Positive Electrode Performance in All‐Solid‐State LiS Battery
Authors: Nagata Hiroshi , Akimoto Junji 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSolid electrolytes strongly affect the performance of all‐solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries. Therefore, they are required to have high ionic conductivity, interface‐forming ability, and high stability. This study investigates low‐crystalline Li4P2S6 and Li4P2S6−LiX (X=Cl, Br, and I) systems as solid electrolytes. The low‐crystalline Li4P2S6 exhibits considerably higher ionic conductivity (4.7×10−5 S cm−1) than the highly crystalline Li4P2S6. The Li4P2S6–LiX systems further improve the ionic conductivity while maintaining the P2S64− structure. Especially, the 0.4Li4P2S6 ⋅ 0.6LiI exhibits a relatively high ionic conductivity of 6.9×10−4 S cm−1, despite in low ionic conductive Li4P2S6 systems. Furthermore, battery performance of the positive electrode using 0.4Li4P2S6 ⋅ 0.6LiI for all‐solid‐state LiS battery considerably improves form that use highly crystalline Li4P2S6.
Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐ and 2,7‐Diaryl‐1,8‐bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes. Overview of the “Buttressing effect” in 2,7‐Disubstituted Proton Sponges
Authors: Filatova Ekaterina A. , Gulevskaya Anna V. , Pozharskii Alexander F. , Ermolenko Eugeny A. , Ozeryanskii Valery A. , Misharev Alexander D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSuzuki arylation of 2‐halogeno and 2,7‐dihalogeno derivatives of 1,8‐bis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (proton sponge) was carried out. It was shown that the sterically hindered nature of the starting compounds in combination with the enhanced reactivity of their peri‐NMe2 groups allow to obtain the target 2‐aryl and 2,7‐diaryl derivatives in 20–34 % yields only. In most cases, a tandem Pd‐catalyzed hydrodehalogenation/N‐demethylation process was predominant. The latter, however, makes it possible to obtain yet unknown and synthetically valuable 2‐aryl‐N1,N1,N8‐trimethyl‐1,8‐diaminonaphthalenes (21–50 %), which can be easily converted into the corresponding proton sponges by conventional N‐methylation. Using the literature data on 2,7‐disubstituted derivatives of the proton sponge as a background together with the XRD and basicity measurements performed in this work, a comprehensive analysis of the so‐called “buttressing effect” in 2‐aryl‐ and 2,7‐diaryl‐1,8‐bis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes, along with previously unknown 2,6‐diphenyl‐N,N‐dimethyl‐p‐toluidine has been carried out for the first time.
Evaluating the chloride permeability of steel–concrete interface based on concretes of different stability
Authors: Cai Yuxin , Zhang Wulong , Yang Changhui , François Raoul , Yu Linwen , Chen Mengzhu , Chen Hang , Yang Huan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe deterioration of reinforced concrete structures caused by chloride‐induced corrosion is a major threat to their service life. Previous studies show that defects in the steel–concrete interface have a significant impact on the corrosion process of steel bars. Study on the chloride permeability of steel–concrete interface is very important for revealing the mechanism. In this article, we devised a new experimental method named chloride penetration depth test which was used to evaluate the chloride permeability along the steel–concrete interface. Two types of fresh concretes, normal concrete (NC) and lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) with obviously different stability, were designed to obtain specimens of various defect sizes in the steel–concrete interface. The results show that the chloride penetration depth measured with the new method increased with the defect size in the steel–concrete interface determined by backscattered electron (BSE) imaging and nanoindentation technology, indicating that the chloride permeability of steel–concrete interface could be identified by the method we proposed.
Seismic performances of a structure equipped with a large mass ratio multiple tuned mass damper
Authors: Kang Ying‐jie , Peng Ling‐yun , Pan Peng , Wang Hai‐shen , Xiao Gen‐qi 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis paper focuses on improvement of structural seismic performance under earthquakes of different intensities using a large mass ratio multiple tuned mass damper (LMTMD). A thermal power plant was taken as the example, and the plant was modeled using the finite element software ABAQUS. Coal buckets, which comprised 29.2% of the total mass of the structure, were used as the mass of the LMTMD. Thus, a large mass ratio was easily achieved without adding any extra mass. Incremental dynamic analysis was used to investigate the seismic fragility of the structures, and the seismic performances of the structure equipped with the LMTMD and the original structure were compared. The damping effectiveness and the control reliability of the LMTMD were evaluated. The fragility curves show that under rare earthquakes, the LMTMD reduced the probability of the moderate damage limit state by 43.9%, and under extremely rare earthquakes, the LMTMD exhibited good control robustness and reduced the probability of the severe damage limit state by 25.1%. Furthermore, the LMTMD could control the deformation pattern of the structure and effectively reduced concentrated damage, especially under high‐intensity ground motions; specifically, it reduced the average value of the interstory drift ratio by 1.2%–12% and reduced the standard deviation of the interstory drift ratio by 15%–62%. These results indicate that the LMTMD significantly improved the seismic performance of the structure with satisfactory reliability.
Brain tocopherol levels are associated with lower activated microglia density in elderly human cortex
Authors: de Leeuw Francisca A. , Schneider Julie A. , Agrawal Sonal , Leurgans Sue E. , Morris Martha Clare 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionHigher brain tocopherol levels have been associated with lower levels of Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear.MethodsWe studied the relations of α‐ and γ‐tocopherol brain levels to microglia density in 113 deceased participants from the Memory and Aging Project. We used linear regression analyses to examine associations between tocopherol levels and microglia densities in a basic model adjusted for age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E (APOE)ε4 genotype (any ε4 allele vs. none) , and post‐mortem time interval, and a second model additionally adjusted for total amyloid load and neurofibrillary tangle severity.ResultsHigher α‐ and γ‐tocopherol levels were associated with lower total and activated microglia density in cortical but not in subcortical brain regions. The association between cortical α‐tocopherol and total microglia density remained statistically significant after adjusting for AD neuropathology.DiscussionThese results suggest that the relation between tocopherols and AD might be partly explained by the alleviating effects of tocopherols on microglia activation.
Risk factors, histopathology and diagnostic accuracy in posterior placenta accreta spectrum disorders: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tinari S. , Buca D. , Cali G. , Timor‐Tritsch I. , Palacios‐Jaraquemada J. , Rizzo G. , Lucidi A. , Di Mascio D. , Liberati M. , D'Antonio F. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo elucidate the risk factors, histopathological correlations and diagnostic accuracy of prenatal imaging in pregnancies complicated by posterior placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched for studies reporting on women with posterior PAS. Inclusion criteria were women with posterior PAS confirmed either at surgery or on histopathological analysis. The outcomes explored were risk factors for posterior PAS, histopathological correlation and the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting posterior PAS. Random‐effects meta‐analysis of proportions was used to analyze the data.ResultsTwenty studies were included. Placenta previa was present in 92.8% (107/114; 17 studies) of pregnancies complicated by posterior PAS, while 76.1% (53/88; 11 studies) of women had had prior uterine surgery, mainly a Cesarean section (CS) or curettage and 82.5% (66/77; 10 studies) were multiparous. When considering histopathological analysis in women affected by posterior PAS, 77.5% (34/44; 11 studies) had placenta accreta, 19.5% (8/44; 11 studies) had placenta increta and 9.3% (2/44; 11 studies) had placenta percreta. Of the cases of posterior PAS disorder, 52.4% (31/63; 12 studies) were detected prenatally on ultrasound, while 46.7% (32/63; 12 studies) were diagnosed only at birth. When exploring the distribution of the classic ultrasound signs of PAS, placental lacunae were present in 39.0% (12/30; seven studies), loss of the clear zone in 41.1% (13/30; seven studies) and bladder‐wall interruption in 16.6% (4/30; seven studies) of women, while none of the included cases showed hypervascularization at the bladder‐wall interface. When assessing the role of MRI in detecting posterior PAS, 73.5% (26/32; 11 studies) of cases were detected on prenatal MRI, while 26.5% (6/32; 11 studies) were discovered only at the time of CS.ConclusionsPlacenta previa, prior uterine surgery and multiparity represent the most commonly reported risk factors for posterior PAS. Ultrasound had a very low diagnostic accuracy in detecting these disorders prenatally. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Influence of wakes and atmospheric stability on the floater responses of the Hywind Scotland wind turbines
Authors: Jacobsen Arnhild , Godvik Marte 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs the worlds first floating wind farm, one of the main technical challenges in the design phase of Hywind Scotland was the uncertainty related to wake interaction effects between the floating wind turbines. In this paper, we address this challenge by presenting an analysis of full‐scale measurements from the Hywind Scotland wind farm. Measurements of the floaters' roll, pitch and yaw motions are presented, both in the form of statistical data and response spectra. The floater responses of a turbine in free wind and a turbine in wake are compared, and the influence of different atmospheric stabilities on the floater motions is investigated. Despite the large distance between the turbines of 9 rotor diameters, wake effects in the measured floater motions are observed at the downstream turbine. Furthermore, both the wake responses and the free wind responses show a clear dependency on atmospheric stability. However, overall motions are small for all wind speeds, showing that the design performs satisfactorily in both free wind and wake conditions.
Integrable boundary states in D3-D5 dCFT: beyond scalars
Authors: Kristjansen Charlotte , Müller Dennis , Zarembo Konstantin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A D3-D5 intersection gives rise to a defect CFT, wherein the rank of the gauge group jumps by k units across a domain wall. The one-point functions of local operators in this set-up map to overlaps between on-shell Bethe states in the underlying spin chain and a boundary state representing the D5 brane. Focussing on the k = 1 case, we extend the construction to gluonic and fermionic sectors, which was prohibitively difficult for k > 1. As a byproduct, we test an all-loop proposal for the one-point functions in the su(2) sector at the half-wrapping order of perturbation theory.
Massless higher spin cubic vertices in flat four dimensional space
Authors: Khabarov M. V. , Zinoviev Yu. M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper we construct a number of cubic interaction vertices for massless bosonic and fermionic higher spin fields in flat four dimensional space. First of all, we construct these cubic vertices in AdS4 space using a so-called Fradkin-Vasiliev approach, which works only for the non-zero cosmological constant. Then we consider a flat limit taking care on all the higher derivative terms which FV-approach generates. We restrict ourselves with the four dimensions because this allows us to use the frame-like multispinor formalism which greatly simplifies all calculations and provides a description for bosons and fermions on equal footing.
Almansi Theorem and Mean Value Formula for Quaternionic Slice-regular Functions
Authors: Perotti Alessandro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe prove an Almansi Theorem for quaternionic polynomials and extend it to quaternionic slice-regular functions. We associate to every such function f, a pair $$h_1$$

h
1

, $$h_2$$

h
2

of zonal harmonic functions such that $$f=h_1-\bar{x} h_2$$

f
=

h
1

-

x

¯

h
2

. We apply this result to get mean value formulas and Poisson formulas for slice-regular quaternionic functions.
Convexity properties of functions defined on metric Abelian groups
Authors: Fechner Włodzimierz , Páles Zsolt 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe notions of quasiconvexity, Wright convexity and convexity for functions defined on a metric Abelian group are introduced. Various characterizations of such functions, the structural properties of the functions classes so obtained are established and several well-known results are extended to this new setting.
Attitudes and practices of public health academics towards research funding from for-profit organizations: cross-sectional survey
Authors: Nakkash Rima , Ali Ahmed , Alaouie Hala , Asmar Khalil , Hirschhorn Norbert , Mugharbil Sanaa , Nuwayhid Iman , London Leslie , Saban Amina , Rashid Sabina Faiz , Ahmed Md Koushik , Knai Cecile , Bigland Charlotte , Afifi Rima A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The growing trend of for-profit organization (FPO)-funded university research is concerning because resultant potential conflicts of interest might lead to biases in methods, results, and interpretation. For public health academic programmes, receiving funds from FPOs whose products have negative health implications may be particularly problematic.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey assessed attitudes and practices of public health academics towards accepting funding from FPOs. The sampling frame included universities in five world regions offering a graduate degree in public health; 166 academics responded. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analyses were conducted.

Results
Over half of respondents were in favour of accepting funding from FPOs; attitudes differed by world region and gender but not by rank, contract status, % salary offset required, primary identity, or exposure to an ethics course. In the last 5 years, almost 20% of respondents had received funding from a FPO. Sixty per cent of respondents agreed that there was potential for bias in seven aspects of the research process, when funds were from FPOs.

Conclusions
Globally, public health academics should increase dialogue around the potential harms of research and practice funded by FPOs.