bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
N6-methyladenosine dynamics in neurodevelopment and aging, and its potential role in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Shafik Andrew M. , Zhang Feiran , Guo Zhenxing , Dai Qing , Pajdzik Kinga , Li Yangping , Kang Yunhee , Yao Bing , Wu Hao , He Chuan , Allen Emily G. , Duan Ranhui , Jin Peng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is known to impact many aspects of RNA metabolism, including mRNA stability and translation, and is highly prevalent in the brain.ResultsWe show that m6A modification displays temporal and spatial dynamics during neurodevelopment and aging. Genes that are temporally differentially methylated are more prone to have mRNA expression changes and affect many pathways associated with nervous system development. Furthermore, m6A shows a distinct tissue-specific methylation profile, which is most pronounced in the hypothalamus. Tissue-specific methylation is associated with an increase in mRNA expression and is associated with tissue-specific developmental processes. During the aging process, we observe significantly more m6A sites as age increases, in both mouse and human. We show a high level of overlap between mouse and human; however, humans at both young and old ages consistently show more m6A sites compared to mice. Differential m6A sites are found to be enriched in alternative untranslated regions of genes that affect aging-related pathways. These m6A sites are associated with a strong negative effect on mRNA expression. We also show that many Alzheimer-related transcripts exhibit decreased m6A methylation in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, which is correlated with reduced protein levels.ConclusionsOur results suggest that m6A exerts a critical function in both early and late brain development in a spatio-temporal fashion. Furthermore, m6A controls protein levels of key genes involved in Alzheimer’s disease-associated pathways, suggesting that m6A plays an important role in aging and neurodegenerative disease.
The insulin resistance by triglyceride glucose index and risk for dementia: population-based study
Authors: Hong Sangmo , Han Kyungdo , Park Cheol-Young 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundInsulin resistance is suggested to have negative effects on cognition; however, results from large population studies are lacking. In this study, the potential relationships between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, a simple surrogate marker of insulin resistance, and dementia were evaluated using a large-scale population dataset.MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational, cohort study using data from the National Health Information Database from 2009 to 2015 and included 5,586,048 participants 40 years age or older. The TyG index was used as a measure of insulin resistance, and participants were divided into quartiles based on TyG index. The incidence of dementia was assessed using hazard ratios (HRs) estimated with Cox proportional hazard modeling.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 7.21 years, dementia was diagnosed in 142,714 (2.55%) participants. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) were diagnosed in 74.3% and 12.5% of the participants. Multivariate-adjusted HRs for patients in the TyG index 4th quartile were higher for dementia (HRs = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.16), AD (HRs = 1.12; 95% CI 1.09–1.14), and VD (HRs = 1.18; 95% CI 1.12–1.23) compared with the 1st quartile of TyG index; however, this had a small effect size (Cohen’sd = 0.10, 0.08, and 0.13, respectively). These effects were independent of age, sex, smoking status, physical activity, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol.ConclusionIn this large population study, TyG index was associated with an increased risk of dementia, including AD and VD, that was independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, although the effect size of the TyG index was small.
Development and testing of material extrusion additive manufactured polymer–textile composites
Authors: Loh Giselle Hsiang , Sotayo Adeayo , Pei Eujin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe adoption of Additive Manufacturing (AM) has gradually transformed the fashion industry through innovation and technology over the last decade. Novel AM systems and techniques are continuously being developed, leading to the application of AM polymers with textiles and fabrics in the fashion industry. This work investigates the development and testing of polymer–textile composites using polylactic acid (PLA) filaments on synthetic mesh fabrics using direct material extrusion (ME). An aspect of this paper highlights the appropriate combination of printing material, textile substrate, and printer settings to achieve excellent polymer–textile adhesion. Details of the printing process to create polymer–textile composites are described, as are the interfacial strength results of the T-peel tests, and the observed failure modes post-testing. The peel strengths for different ME bonded polymer–textile composites are examined and used to identify the compatibility of materials. This work visualised the potential of direct ME of polymers onto textile fabrics as a material-joining approach for new textile functionalisation, multi-material composite explorations and innovative aesthetic print techniques. This work also adds to the limited knowledge of AM polymer–textile composites, which can provide helpful information for designers and researchers to develop new applications and facilitate future research development in smart embedded and programmable textiles.
Recurrent massive hemoptysis in a patient with cystic fibrosis: balloon assisted Onyx embolization after bronchial artery coil recanalization
Authors: Mattay Raghav R. , Shlansky-Goldberg Richard , Pukenas Bryan A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Although not standard of care, Cystic Fibrosis patients with recurrent hemoptysis occasionally have coil embolization of bronchial arteries. In the event of recanalization of these arteries in this specific subset of patients, the presence of indwelling coils makes the prospect of conventional particle embolization more difficult, preventing both adequate catheterization of the coiled segment and reflux of the particles.

Case presentation
In this report, we describe a case of bronchial artery embolization of a complex Cystic Fibrosis patient with massive hemoptysis from recanalized coiled bronchial arteries utilizing a Scepter Balloon Catheter® (Microvention Terumo, USA) in administration of the liquid embolic agent Onyx® (Medtronic, USA).

Conclusions
The Scepter occlusion balloon catheter allowed for careful placement of the tip within the interstices of the pre-existing coils, allowing for Onyx injection directly into the coil mass without reflux, reconfirming the benefits of Onyx embolization in bronchial artery embolization and providing evidence that the Scepter occlusion balloon catheter should be added to the armamentarium of devices used in complex bronchial artery embolization for Cystic Fibrosis patients with massive hemoptysis.
Classifying bridges for the risk of fire hazard via competitive machine learning
Authors: Kodur V. K. , Naser M. Z. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study presents a machine learning (ML) approach to identify vulnerability of bridges to fire hazard. For developing this ML approach, data on a series of bridge fires was first collected and then analyzed through three algorithms; Random forest (RF), Support vector machine (SVM) and Generalize additive model (GAM), competing to yield the highest accuracy. As part of this analysis, 80 steel bridges and 38 concrete bridges were assessed. The outcome of this analysis shows that the ML based proposed approach can be effectively applied to arrive at the risk based classification of bridges from a fire hazard point of view. In addition, the developed ML algorithms are also capable of identifying the most critical features that govern bridges vulnerability to fire hazard. In parallel, this study showcases the potential of integrating ML into structural engineering applications as a supporting tool for analysis (i.e. in lieu of experimental tests, advanced simulations, and analytical approaches). This work emphasizes the need to compile data on bridge fires from around the world into a centralized and open source database to accelerate the integration of ML in to fire hazard evaluation.
Striatal RGS7 Regulates Depression-Related Behaviors and Stress-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine Conditioned Place Preference
Authors: Sutton Laurie P. , Khalatyan Natalia , Savas Jeffrey N. , Martemyanov Kirill A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe striatum plays a key role in both reward-related and affective behaviors and disruptions to this circuit contributes to depression and drug addiction. However, our understanding of the molecular factors that facilitate and modify these processes are incomplete. Striatal function is modulated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that process vast neuromodulatory inputs. GPCR signaling is negatively regulated by regulator of G-protein signaling (Rgs) proteins. In this study, we examine the role of striatal Rgs proteins in depressive-like and reward-related behaviors in male mice. Using a genetic mouse model with specific elimination of Rgs7 in striatal neurons we found that these mice exhibit an anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-like phenotype. In contrast, knock-out of Rgs9, an abundant Rgs protein in the same neuronal population did not affect the behavioral outcome in the depressive-like tests. Mice lacking striatal Rgs7 did not show significant differences in cocaine-induced psychomotor activation, sensitization or conditional place preference (CPP). Interestingly, loss of Rgs7 in the striatum made mice resilient to stress-induced but not drug-induced reinstatement of cocaine CPP. Analysis of striatal proteome revealed that loss of Rgs7 selectively affected expression of several networks, most prominently including proteins involved in translation and vesicular exocytosis. Together, these findings begin to demonstrate the specific contribution of Rgs7 acting in the striatum toward depression as it relates to stress-induced reinstatement of drug use.
The effects of six-week slow, controlled breathing exercises on heart rate variability in physically active, healthy individuals
Authors: Sürücü Cihan Erdem , Güner Sarp , Cüce Caner , Aras Dicle , Akça Fırat , Arslan Erşan , Birol Abdulkadir , Uğurlu Alkan 
Published: January 2021

Background and Study Aim: Heart rate variability (HRV) provides information about sympathetic-parasympathetic balance. The effects of different types of physical exercises on HRV have been investigated so far. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the chronic effects of six-week slow and controlled breathing exercise on HRV in physically active, healthy adults.
Material and Methods: A total of 22 individuals (11 female, 11 male) participated in the study voluntarily. The experimental group (EG) attended to the breathing exercises for 15 minutes per day, three days a week for six weeks. Neither the EG nor the control group (CG) did join in any regular physical activity program during the study. Both groups participated in the HRV measurements before and after the six-week of process.
Results: Only the EG showed statistically significant changes in some HRV parameters. The alterations observed in LF:HF ratio, HFnu, and LFnu parameters were to reflect the increase in parasympathetic activity. Although the changes in the other parameters of HRV such as SDNN, SDSD, RMSSD, TP, HF, LF, and VLF were also related to increased vagal activity, these alterations were not significant. However, no significant change was found in the CG.
Conclusions: These results show that only the slow, controlled breathing exercises for six weeks could be used to improve parasympathetic activity in physically active individuals. A study could be designed where the duration is kept over 8 weeks, and the effects of physical exercises only, breathing exercises only, and physical + breathing exercises together on HRV are examined.
Set-Theoretic Semantics for Many-Valued Positional Calculi
Authors: Karczewska Anna Maria 
Published: January 2021

Semantyka teoriomonogościowa dla wielowartościowych rachunków pozycyjnych
Celem artykułu jest zdefiniowanie adekwatnych semantyk teoriomonogościowych dla rachunków pozycyjnych (Tkaczyk 2007).
Antyewolucyjny kreacjonizm we współczesnej Polsce i jego wpływ na edukację religijną
Authors: Słomka Marek 
Published: January 2021

W niniejszym tekście analizuję tezy stawiane przez polskich antyewolucyjnych kreacjonistów, które w ostatnich latach zostały wyrażone nie tylko w publikacjach naukowych, ale także w ramach różnych form przekazu treści wiary religijnej oraz w publicznie prowadzonych dyskusjach, stanowiących istotny aspekt omawianej dziedziny. Celem artykułu jest określenie głównych składowych antyewolucyjnego kreacjonizmu oraz uchwycenie mechanizmów myślenia, które prowadzą do wewnętrznej niespójności formułowanych koncepcji a także niezgodności z wiedzą przyrodniczą, filozoficzną i teologiczną.
Pokazuję jak wiele aspektów antyewolucyjnego kreacjonizmu zostało włączonych do podręczników katechetycznych, opublikowanych w ostatniej dekadzie w Polsce. Stanowczo za dużo jest tam treści zawierających podstawowe błędy i zredagowanych w taki sposób, który nie służy budowaniu relacji między nauką a wiarą religijną. Ewolucjonizm kojarzony jest głównie ze skrajnym naturalizmem, zaś kreacjonizm z fundamentalistyczną interpretacją biblijnych opisów stworzenia i odrzucaniem teorii ewolucji. Zbyt mało uwagi zwraca się na naukowe postacie ewolucjonizmu oraz wartościowe nurty kreacjonizmu. Wynika to między innymi z braku konsultacji treści na stylu nauk przyrodniczych i teologii z tymi reprezentantami Kościoła katolickiego, którzy akademicko zajmują się problematyką interdyscyplinarną.
Metaphysical Creationism and the Paradoxes of Evolutionary Theism: A Contribution to the Discussion within Contemporary Thomism
Authors: Maryniarczyk Andrzej 
Published: January 2021

Metafizyczny kreacjonizm a paradoksy teizmu ewolucyjnego: przyczynek do dyskusji w ramach współczesnego tomizmu
Autor artykułu dowodzi, że metafizyczny kreacjonizm, z którym spotykamy się w filozofii św. Tomasza z Akwinu, w odróżnieniu od kreacjonizmu amerykańskiego oraz teologiczno-‑biblijnego, jest teorią, która wyrasta z czysto filozoficznego wyjaśnianie początków świata i człowieka. Nie jest zatem ideą biblijną przeniesioną na teren filozofii. Podobnie jak teizm metafizyki Arystotelesa, a także teizm metafizyki św. Tomasza z Akwinu nie jest teizmem religijnym (teologicznym), lecz teizmem czysto filozoficznym (metafizycznym), gdyż wyrasta z metafizycznego wyjaśniania rzeczywistości. Kreacjonizm metafizyczny jest ostatecznym wyjaśnieniem źródła istnienia bytów, które dane są nam w doświadczeniu, jako niekonieczne w istnieniu i zmienne. Natomiast kreacjonizm amerykański, jest interpretacja biologiczno-kosmologiczną biblijnej prawdy o stworzeniu świata w określonym przedziale czasowym (paradygmat 7 dni) i w punkcie wyjścia odwołuje się do danych Objawienia, które chce naukowo potwierdzić
Artykuł został podzielony na dwie części. W części pierwszej zostały przedstawione węzłowe elementy metafizycznej teorii stworzenia ex nihilo i jej rozumienie. W drugiej zaś części artykułu zostały przywołane elementy teizmu ewolucyjnego, które z punktu metafizycznego kreacjonizmu są źródłem różnych paradoksów, a niekiedy i absurdów oraz domagają się ponownego przemyślenia.
Zgłębiając zawiłości struktur, funkcji i lekowalności cis motywów RNA u koronawirusów
Authors: Sztuba-Solinska Joanna , Gosavi Devadatta 
Published: January 2021

Rodzina Koronawirusów obejmuje otoczkowe, jednoniciowe (ss+) wirusy RNA powodujące łagodne lub ciężkie infekcje dróg oddechowych i jelit u ludzi. Wirus SARS-CoV-2, który zaatakował ludzkość w ubiegłym roku, jest przyczyną zespołu ostrej niewydolności oddechowej (COVID-19) i doprowadził do śmierci miliony ludzi na całym świecie. Zatrzymanie pochodu wirusa jest możliwe tylko dzięki odkryciu i wdrożeniu skutecznej terapii przeciwwirusowej. Zdolność koronawirusów do szybkiej ewolucji, adaptacji i przekraczania barier międzygatunkowych sprawia, że opracowanie takich standardów terapeutycznych stanowi pilną potrzebę. Postępy w dziedzinie biologii RNA, a zwłaszcza wykorzystanie narzędzi do głębokiego sekwencjonowania dostarczyły ostatnio wszechstronnych informacji na temat struktur drugo- i trzeciorzędowych przyjmowanych przez RNA koronawirusów. Uzyskanie kompleksowego obrazu materiału genetycznego koronawirusów daje nadzieję na opracowanie nowych i skutecznych strategii przeciwwirusowych.
W tym manuskrypcie przedstawiamy szeroki przegląd motywów i domen regulatorowych RNA (cis-acting) u ludzkich koronawirusów. Omawiamy ich funkcjonalność, strukturę, modyfikacje potranskrypcyjne i oceniamy potencjał ich wykorzystania jako celów terapeutycznych. Koncentrujemy się na najnowszych pracach, które dostarczyły znaczącego wglądu w konformację strukturalną RNA u SARS-CoV-2, a także odwołujemy się do poprzednich kluczowych badań dotyczących struktury i funkcji RNA innych ludzkich koronawirusów. Opisujemy również podstawy metodologii stosowanej do globalnej oceny wirusowego RNA począwszy od spektroskopii magnetycznego rezonansu jądrowego (NMR), poprzez chemiczne mapowanie struktur metodami SHAPE-MaP, icSHAPE, DMS-MaPseq, bezpośrednie sekwencjonowanie RNA przy użyciu systemu MinION, aż po modelowanie in silico z użyciem algorytmów FARNA, FARFAR, ScanFold, RNAz i Contrafold. Celem poniższej publikacji jest zebranie cennego materiału źródłowego, który ma stanowić inspirację do prowadzenia dalszych badań nad strukturą i funkcją RNA koronawirusów, a także nad poszukiwaniem metod leczenia COVID-19.
Prevalence of Post-partum Depression among Sudanese Women Using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in Two Major Delivery Hospitals in Khartoum State
Authors: Mabyoue Maram Osman Elawad 
Published: January 2021

Background: Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that can affect women after childbirth; it can occur at any time during the first year after delivery. Mothers experience depressive symptoms that may make it difficult for them to complete daily care activities. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of postpartum depression among Sudanese women as well as determining the association between postpartum depression (PPD), socio-demographic, and obstetric characteristics.
Method: In this cross-sectional study, 129 women selected through convenient sampling technique were interviewed; the participants were recruited from the postnatal and child welfare clinics at the Saad Abueleella and the Dream International Hospitals. To assess any possible depression, information was collected at six weeks postpartum using a structured questionnaire in addition to a screening tool.
Results: At a cutoff score of ≥12, the prevalence of PPD was found to be 10.9% (Confidence Interval 6.5–17.3%); while 79.1% of mothers revealed no signs of PPD and scored <9 points, 10.1% scored 9–11, indicating a need for extra visits. Interestingly, 59.7% of the respondents were aged between 25 and 35 years, 76% were university graduates, 64.3% housewives, 20.9% had obstetric complications, 3.1% reported a history of PPD, and almost 97.7% breastfed their babies. Moreover, PPD was found to be associated with occupational status (p = 0.01) and a previous history of PPD (p = 0.01).
Conclusion: The prevalence of postpartum depression was 10.9% among the studied sample. Interventions to address its risk factors should be implemented, physicians and health personnel should be qualified on screening and referring depressed mothers for further clinical assessment.
Keywords: Postpartum depression, Prevalence, Screening, Sudanese
Enhancing the Knowledge of Cervical Cancer Screening among Female Nursing Students: An Interventional Educational Program
Authors: Fathey A. Eittah Hayam , Aljohani Khalid Abdullah S. , Aljohani Mohammed Saeed E. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Cervical cancer is a growing health risk facing women worldwide with the human papillomavirus (HPV) as the primary underlying cause. Pap smear is a simple screening test that can detect early changes in cervical cells, which might develop into cancer cells. Raising awareness of cervical cancer prevention has a significant impact on decreasing the burden of the disease. The aim of the study is to assess female nursing students' knowledge on early detection and screening of cervical cancer, and to determine the effectiveness of an educational program. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design (one group for pre- and post-tests) was utilized with a convenience sample of 130 female nursing students in one of the nursing colleges in Saudi Arabia. The study’s educational intervention included information about anatomy of genital tract and the importance of regular check-ups. The pre- and post-tests were applied to identify changes after intervention measures. Results: The mean age of the participants were 21.32 years (SD: 1.34). The findings revealed a significant improvement of post-test students’ knowledge in all items related to risk factors, signs and symptoms, occurrence, identification of HPV as causative agent, vaccination against HPV, and finally Pap smear for early detection and screening of cervical cancer. Conclusion: The study results support implementing educational intervention to improve nursing students' knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer prevention. Furthermore, it is imperative that cervical cancer awareness education modules should be developed and integrated within the nursing curriculum. Further studies with large sample size are recommended to increase generalization of the results.
Key words: cervical cancer, education program, primary prevention, nursing students, Saudi Arabia
Hybrid Crow Search Algorithm - Simulated Annealing untuk Menyelesaikan Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows
Authors: Subari Bella Pristianisa , Pratiwi Asri Bekti , Suprajitno Herry 
Published: January 2021

Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (VRPTW) dengan menggunakan Hybrid Crow Search Algorithm (CSA) dengan Simulated Annealing (SA). Hybrid CSA dengan SA adalah gabungan dari kedua algoritma dengan cara melakukan proses CSA kemudian hasil terburuknya diperbaiki dengan proses SA untuk sepuluh iterasi pertama. Proses algoritma ini dimulai dengan inisialisasi parameter, membangkitkan posisi dan memori awal, menghitung fungsi tujuan, memperbarui posisi gagak, menghitung fungsi tujuan posisi baru gagak, update memori gagak, menentukan solusi terburuk dari posisi gagak kemudian dilakukan modifikasi, hasil modifikasi dengan SA menggantikan solusi terburuk pada posisi gagak, proses berlanjut sampai maksimal iterasi dipenuhi dan menentukan solusi terbaik dari memori gagak. Berdasarkan hasil implementasi pada tiga tipe data dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin banyak jumlah iterasi, jumlah gagak, dan proses Simulated Annealing maka nilai fungsi tujuan yang diperoleh cenderung semakin baik, sedangkan nilai probabilitas kewaspadaan (AP) tidak memberikan pengaruh pada solusi permasalahan.