bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A suspension cell‐based interaction platform for interrogation of membrane proteins
Authors: Krohl Patrick J. , Kim Kook Bum , Lew Lance , VanDyke Derek , Ludwig Seth D. , Spangler Jamie B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe majority of clinically approved therapeutics target membrane proteins (MPs), highlighting the need for tools to study this important category of proteins. To overcome limitations with recombinant MP expression, whole cell screening techniques have been developed that present MPs in their native conformations. Whereas many such platforms utilize adherent cells, here we introduce a novel suspension cell‐based platform termed “biofloating” that enables quantitative analysis of interactions between proteins displayed on yeast and MPs expressed on mammalian cells, without need for genetic fusions. We characterize and optimize biofloating and illustrate its sensitivity advantage compared to an adherent cell‐based platform (biopanning). We further demonstrate the utility of suspension cell‐based approaches by iterating rounds of magnetic‐activated cell sorting selections against MP‐expressing mammalian cells to enrich for a specific binder within a yeast‐displayed antibody library. Overall, biofloating represents a promising new technology that can be readily integrated into protein discovery and development workflows.
A framework of hybrid model development with identification of plant‐model mismatch
Authors: Chen Yingjie , Ierapetritou Marianthi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHybrid modeling has attracted increasing attention in order to take advantage of the additional data to improve process understanding. Current practice often adopts mechanistic models to predict process behaviors. These mechanistic models are based on physical understandings and experimental studies, but they sometimes lead to plant‐model mismatch (PMM) as they may be inaccurate to fully describe real processes. Black‐box models can serve as an alternative, but they often suffer from poor generalization and interpretability. To combine the two techniques, hybrid models are developed to make use of process data while maintaining a degree of physical understanding. In this work, we implement a framework of identification of PMM using partial correlation coefficient and mutual information, followed by introducing and comparing serial, parallel, and combined structures of hybrid models. The framework is applied and tested with a simulated reactor model and two pharmaceutical unit operation case studies.
Diversification of crown groupAraucaria: the role ofAraucaria famiisp. nov. in the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) radiation of Araucariaceae in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Stockey Ruth A. , Rothwell Gar W. 
Published: July 2020

PremiseExceptional anatomical preservation of a fossil araucarian seed cone from a marine carbonate concretion from Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada provides unusually complete evidence for cone structure including seeds, megagametophytes, microgametophytes, and embryos of an Upper Cretaceous (Campanian) species ofAraucaria, providing important new insights into the structure and relationships of Cretaceous Northern Hemisphere Araucariaceae.MethodsThe cone was studied from serial thin sections prepared by the coal ball peel technique. Phylogenetic analysis using a modified morphological matrix with both discrete and continuous characters was performed using TNT version 1.5.ResultsThe nearly spherical cone, 6 × 6 cm in diameter, has helically arranged cone‐scale complexes, consisting of a large bract with an upturned tip and a small, fleshy ovuliferous scale. Vascularization of the cone‐scale complex is single at its origin. Widely winged bracts, with a bulging base, contain numerous vascular bundles, interspersed with transfusion tissue, and a large number of resin canals. Seeds are ovoid, 1.2 cm long, 1.2 cm in diameter. Nucellus is free from the integument, except at its base, with a convoluted apex, containing possible pollen tubes. Megagametophytes and mature cellular embryos occur in several seeds.ConclusionsThis small cone with attached, imbricate leaves, wide bracts, and unusually large seeds, most closely resembles those ofAraucariaSectionEutacta. Width and continuity of secondary xylem in the cone axis, and intact cone‐scale complexes indicate that this cone probably did not disarticulate readily at maturity. When added to a modified, previously published phylogenetic analysis,Araucaria famiisp. nov. enhances our understanding of the Cretaceous radiation of Northern HemisphereAraucariaSectionEutacta.
A Gallium(III) Complex that Engages Protein Disulfide Isomerase A3 (PDIA3) as an Anticancer Target
Authors: Yin Hao‐Yan , Gao Jiu‐Jiao , Chen Xuemin , Ma Bin , Yang Zi‐Shu , Tang Juan , Wang Bing‐Wu , Chen Tianfeng , Wang Chu , Gao Song , Zhang Jun‐Long 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGallium(III)‐based drugs have gained momentum in cancer therapy due to their iron‐dependent anticancer activity. Judicious choice of ligands is critical for improved oral bioavailability, antitumor efficacy, and distinct mechanisms from simple GaIII salts. We describe GaIII complexes with planar tetradentate salen ligands [salen=2,3‐bis[(4‐dialkylamino‐2‐hydroxybenzylidene)amino]but‐2‐enedinitrile)] and labile axial solvent ligands, which display tumor growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo comparable to cisplatin. Confocal fluorescence microscopy, western blotting, mRNA profiling, chemical proteomics, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies provide compelling evidence that PDIA3, a member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, is a direct target of Ga‐1. This work offers a new route to designing and synthesizing Ga‐based drugs, and also reveals that PDIA3 is an important anticancer target.
Oral Insulin Delivery Platforms: Strategies To Address the Biological Barriers
Authors: Xiao Yufen , Tang Zhongmin , Wang Junqing , Liu Chuang , Kong Na , Farokhzad Omid C. , Tao Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a lifelong metabolic disease that requires frequent subcutaneous injections of insulin. However, this method of administration can be associated with patient discomfort and local tissue infection. Oral delivery of insulin has been pursued as a more convenient method for diabetes treatment, given its likely superior patient compliance and convenience as well as cost‐effectiveness. However, various biological barriers hinder the clinical translation of oral insulin. The rapid development of nanotechnology over the last decade offers great promise in improving the bioavailability of oral insulin. This Minireview provides an overview of biological barriers to oral insulin delivery, summarizes significant technological advances, and outlines future perspectives in oral insulin formulations as well as their hypoglycaemic effects.
Single‐phase photo‐cross‐linkable adhesive synthesized from methacrylic acid‐grafted 1‐decene/9‐decene‐1‐ol cooligomer
Authors: Hanifpour Ahad , Bahri‐Laleh Naeimeh , Nekoomanesh‐Haghighi Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cooligomerization of 1‐decene with 9‐decene‐1‐ol was conducted by using a Ti amine bis‐phenolate catalyst. Light‐curable adhesive was prepared by the reaction of methacryloyl chloride with the hydroxyl groups of the synthesized cooligomer, which led to the introduction of photo‐polymerizable CC double bonds into the cooligomer chains. Comonomer insertion into 1‐decene oligomeic chains and also methacryloyl chloride reaction with cooligomer were confirmed by both FT‐IR and NMR spectroscopy. Three‐point bending analysis results of cured adhesive sample (cured with blue light) showed flexural modulus and flexural strength values of 1.41 GPa and 1.66 MPa, respectively. Maximum weight loss temperature of 444°C showed high thermal stability of cured adhesive sample. In order to explore adhesion abilities of the synthesized adhesive to different substrates including polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene (PS), nylon and aluminum (Al), tensile shear bond strength, and peeling tests were conducted. Synthesized adhesive demonstrated tensile shear strength values of 1.28, 1.95, 1.10, 2.15, and 2.42 N/mm2 for PMMA, PC, PS, nylon, and Al substrates, respectively. Furthermore, obtained adhesive indicated greater tendency to polar substrates in comparison to nonpolar ones by the factor of 16–95%. Obtained results suggested a new photo‐curable adhesive with privileged features, which has capability to be used in high temperature applications.
Detection of World War II field fortifications using ALS and archival aerial images – German OKH Stellung b1 trenches in the south of the Polish Carpathians
Authors: Jucha Witold , Franczak Paweł , Sadowski Piotr 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article recreates the spatial distribution of German field fortifications in the mountains of Central Europe. The fortifications in question were located in the southern part of the Polish Carpathians. This particular section is a fragment of the Oberkommando des Heeres Stellung b1 (OKH Stellung b1), built in 1944, and running from north to south through all of German‐occupied Poland. Determining the course of the studied fortifications is based on the use of two remote sensing materials for data acquisition: archival military aerial photographs taken in 1944 and high‐resolution terrain derivative models based on data from airborne laser scanning (ALS). Some sections were additionally checked during the field study.Creating a reconstruction is impossible without the use of both remote sensing data sources. Only 24% of the studied fortifications are visible in both the aerial photographs and the ALS model. Aerial photographs are better suited to the photointerpretation of trenches in arable land and near buildings. Objects in these places may have been buried or otherwise ceased to be visible as relief microforms. The ALS model is especially useful in wooded areas. Laser scanning with a large number of measurements enabled the implementation of a detailed model which also included the course of trenches under the tree canopy. Combining both source materials gave a spatial image of approximately a 30 km section of the fortified line. The total length of the fortifications was 85.412 km. The reconstructed line consists of two parallel trench lines with excavations for machine gun nests and shelters, as well as isolated points of defence located in the mountains near the current border.
A Lead‐free Organicnorganic Halide Perovskite Absorber with Photoconductive Response
Authors: Wang Yuyin , Han Shiguo , Liu Yi , Li Yaobin , Sun Zhihua , Luo Junhua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPerovskite hybrids of lead organometal halides, (e. g., CH3NH3PbX3, X=Cl, Br, I) have gained wide attention since their spectacular progress on optoelectronic technologies in recent years. However, it still remains the fundamental problem, namely, the existence of the toxic, bioaccumulative, polluting element Pb and the instability of humidity. In particular, the use of toxic Pb severely limits the broad applications and commercialization of lead‐containing optoelectronic devices, and finding an alternative that preserves the unique optoelectronic properties of the lead halide perovskite is highly urgent. Bi3+ exhibits isoelectronic behavior similar to that of Pb2+ in terms of ion radius and electronegativity, which is expected as an environmentally friendly alternative for lead. However, 1D Bi‐based hybrid organic‐inorganic light‐absorbing materials with pyridinium are not numerous. Although great progress has been made, the research on photoresponse behavior are still rarely reported. Here, we present a lead‐free organic‐inorganic hybrid absorber with photoconductive response, (C5H7N2)BiI4 (1, C5H7N2+ is 2‐aminopyridinium), which displays a narrow optical bandgap of ∼1.8 eV. Equally importantly, 1 not only features highly applicable properties, but is also able to absorb across most of the UV/Vis region of the solar spectrum. Furthermore, high‐quality single crystal with sizes up to 7×6×4 mm3 was successfully grown. In addition, 1 exhibited extremely low dark current (2×10−11 A) at the bias of 10 V, which indicates that the indicator of 1 is an order of magnitude lower than other reported perovskite photodetectors. Moreover, photocurrent on/off switches is faster (∼670 ms), indicating that 1 can be a promising photosensitive switch. These intriguing properties, namely the lead‐free composition, a small band gap, and the fast photoconductive response, suggest promising applications in the field of optoelectronics.
[3+2]‐Cycloaddition for Fully Decorated Vinyl‐1,2,3‐Triazoles: Design, Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Surendra Reddy G. , Anebouselvy K. , Ramachary Dhevalapally B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe small heterocyclic ring of the 1,2,3‐triazole module is one of the most widely investigated compounds in numerous applications of biological, medicinal, pharmaceutical and materially important molecules. In this regard, a large number of synthetic methodologies and approaches have already been reported to construct such a heterocyclic core structure in a selective manner. However, the vinyl‐substituted 1,2,3‐triazole moiety is another privileged segment in heterocyclic chemistry. The selective introduction of simple vinyl and functionalized vinyl groups onto the three different positions of the 1,2,3‐triazole framework can significantly improve the properties of the molecule. Accordingly, high‐yielding efficient approaches for the selective construction of vinyl‐containing 1,2,3‐triazoles becomes a promising branch of chemistry among practitioners of industry and academia. In this minireview, we have discussed recent advances in the construction of highly selective three different vinyl‐containing 1,2,3‐triazoles. In addition, representative synthetic methodologies and approaches for the corresponding three different classes of vinyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles and their applications have been described as well in this review.
Planung und Bau großformatiger Dübelschächte am Hochmoselübergang
Authors: Zachert Hauke , Kusch Ramona , Höfgen Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIm Zuge der Baumaßnahme der „B 50 neu“ entstand mit der Hochmoselbrücke im Kreis Bernkastel‐Wittlich die zweithöchste und längste Straßenbrücke Deutschlands. Im Gründungsbereich auf der Eifelseite ist der Hang tiefgründig verwittert und gestört und aufgrund einer Hangneigung von im Mittel 25° konnte mit den vorliegenden geotechnischen Kennwerten keine normative Standsicherheit nachgewiesen werden. Zusätzlich wurde in einem langjährigen Messprogramm eine langsame, aber stetige, hangabwärts gerichtete Verformung des in geologischen Karten als Rutschhang gekennzeichneten Hangs von 0,6 mm/Jahr gemessen. Um diese Hangverformungen zu verhindern und gleichzeitig die Gesamtstandsicherheit des Hangs auf ein normatives Sicherheitsniveau zu erhöhen, wurde eine konstruktive Hangsicherung in Form von sechs großformatigen Dübelschächten geplant und ausgeführt. Die Stahlbetonschächte reichen bis in eine Tiefe von rd. 40 m und weisen einen Außendurchmesser von 6,6 m bei einer Wandstärke von rd. 1 m auf. Die Dübelschächte wurden in zwei Reihen mit jeweils drei Schächten zwischen den im Steilhang gegründeten Brückenpfeilern hergestellt und am Kopf mit 55 m langen Litzenankern unterhalb der gemessenen Bewegungsfuge rückverankert. Dieser Beitrag hebt einzelne Aspekte dieser Planung, wie bspw. die geführten Standsicherheitsnachweise, hervor und gibt weiterhin einen Einblick in die Bauausführung und die während der Aushubarbeiten angetroffene Geologie.
Analysis of methylparaben in cosmetics based on a chemiluminescence H2O2−NaIO4−CNQDs system
Authors: Li Jie , Han Yingzi , Li Xinyue , Xiong Liping , Wei Lijun , Cheng Xianglei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this article, a simple, effective chemiluminescence (CL) method for the detection of methylparaben (MP) in cosmetic samples was developed based on an IO4−–H2O2–carbon nitrogen quantum dots (CNQDs) system without a separation process. The results indicated that the redox reaction between periodate and hydrogen peroxide released hydroxide radicals and superoxide radical anions in the presence of bicarbonate. These two radicals were responsible for the formation of excited luminophor CNQD* with a maximum wavelength at 480 nm. Due to the competitive reaction with hydroxide radicals, CL intensity was markedly diminished in the presence of MP. The relative standard deviation in the intraday assay was below 5.5% (n = 9), and the detection limit was as low as 0.50 μmol/L. The proposed method allowed for the successful, selective determination of MP in cosmetics.
Glycosidic Linkage Structures Influence Dietary Fiber Fermentability and Propionate Production by Human Colonic Microbiota In Vitro
Authors: Sasaki Daisuke , Sasaki Kengo , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSome dietary fibers can be produced by starch modification; however, information regarding the relationships between glycosidic linkages and dietary fiber fermentability or the production of short‐chain fatty acids is limited. Thus, these relationships are investigated using an in vitro model of human colonic microbiota, which approximates the bacterial species richness and diversity in inoculated fecal samples. Six dietary fibers with various glycosidic linkage contents are prepared. Each dietary fiber (final concentration: 1.0 wt%) is administered in vitro to human microbiota models 18 h after fecal samples are inoculated. The contents of (1 → 2) plus (1 → 3) linkages and β‐linkages in the six dietary fibers negatively correlate with the fermentation speed and fermentation ratio of the indigestible parts of the dietary fibers (R2 = 0.8126 or 0.8306 and R2 = 0.9106 or 0.9673, respectively) 24 h after administering each dietary fiber. Further, the concentrations of propionate produced in vitro by human microbiota positively correlate with the fermentation speed and fermentation ratio (R2 = 0.9149 and 0.9581, respectively). The in vitro assay reveals that (1 → 2) plus (1 → 3) linkages and β‐linkages in dietary fiber affect resistance to fermentation and propionate production by the human colonic microbiota.
Accurate, sensitive determination of omega‐6 and omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human plasma, urine samples
Authors: Öztürk Er Elif , Şahin Ayşe , Bakırdere Sezgin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractQuantitative determination of omega‐6 and omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in human plasma and urine with high accuracy and precision provides significant information to monitor the underlying etiology of several diseases. In this regard, liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry is a good choice owing to its great selectivity and sensitivity. Additionally, the hybrid quadrupole–time of flight–mass spectrometer systems provides easy identification of target compounds with superior mass measurements. In this study, an analytical method has been developed for simple, accurate and simultaneous determination of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in a short chromatographic analysis period. The developed method is suitable for the quantitative detection of these four compounds with detection limits ranging between 1.1–3.0 ng ml−1 and its applicability was assessed in human urine and plasma samples. As a result, acceptable accuracy (between 83 and 111%) and good precision (<6%) were obtained for target compounds using matrix matching calibration strategy.
Validated LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of enalapril maleate, nitrendipine, hydrochlorothiazide, and their major metabolites in human plasma
Authors: Mohammad Mohammad Abdul‐Azim , Mahrouse Marianne Alphonse , Amer Enas Abdel Hakeem , Elharati Nouran Saleh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHypertension is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease. Most hypertensive patients need a combination of antihypertensive agents to achieve therapeutic goals. A rapid, sensitive, and selective liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometric method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of enalapril maleate (ENA) and its major metabolite enalaprilat (ENAT), nitrendipine (NIT) and its major metabolite dehydronitrendipine (DNIT), and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in human plasma using felodipine as an internal standard (IS). The drugs were extracted from plasma using one‐step protein precipitation. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Symmetry C18 column, with water and acetonitrile (10:90, v/v) as mobile phase. The detection was carried out using multiple reaction monitoring mode and coupled with electrospray ionization source. Multiple reaction monitoring transitions were m/z 377.1 → 234.1 for ENA, m/z 349.2 → 206.1 for ENAT, m/z 361.2 → 315.1 for NIT, m/z 359 → 331 for DNIT, m/z 295.9 → 205.1 for HCT, and m/z 384.1 → 338 for felodipine (IS). The method was linear over concentration ranges of 1–200, 20–500, 5–200, 2–100, and 5–200 ng/mL for ENA, ENAT, NIT, DNIT, and HCT, respectively, with r2 ≥ 0.99. Method validation was performed according to U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines. The validated method showed good sensitivity and selectivity and could be applied for therapeutic drug monitoring and bioequivalence studies.
Identification of metabolic markers in patients with type 2 Diabetes by Ultrafast gas chromatography coupled to electronic nose. A pilot study
Authors: Méndez‐Rodríguez Karen Beatriz , Figueroa‐Vega Nicté , Ilizaliturri‐Hernandez César Arturo , Cardona‐Alvarado Mónica , Borjas‐García Jaime Antonio , Kornhauser Carlos , Malacara Juan Manuel , Flores‐Ramírez Rogelio , Pérez‐Vázquez Francisco Javier 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMetabolomics is a potential tool for the discovery of new biomarkers in the early diagnosis of diseases. An ultra‐fast gas chromatography system equipped to an electronic nose detector (FGC eNose) was used to identify the metabolomic profile of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) urine from Mexican population. A cross‐sectional, comparative, and clinical study with translational approach was performed. We recruited twenty T2D patients and twenty‐one healthy subjects. Urine samples were taken and analyzed by FGC eNose. Eighty‐eight compounds were identified through Kovats's indexes. A natural variation of 30% between the metabolites, expressed by study groups, was observed in Principal Component 1 and 2 with a significant difference (p < 0.001). The model, performed through a Canonical Analysis of Principal coordinated (CAP), allowed a correct classification of 84.6% between healthy and T2D patients, with a 15.4% error. The metabolites 2‐propenal, 2‐propanol, butane‐ 2,3‐dione and 2‐methylpropanal, were increased in patients with T2D, and they were strongly correlated with discrimination between clinically healthy people and T2D patients. This study identified metabolites in urine through FGC eNose that can be used as biomarkers in the identification of T2D patients. However, more studies are needed for its implementation in clinical practice.