bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postural discomfort analysis of EOT crane operators
Authors: Anandakumar R , Balasubramanian K R , Sivapirakasam S P , Gopanna Kuruva 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Ergonomics aims at ensuring good fit between the worker and the work station. It is an important field of research in the development process to increase safety, comfort and performance. A comfortable work station can help employees to work more efficiently and effectively by reducing the probability for Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This study has been carried out to evaluate the postural discomfort of Electric Overhead Travelling (EOT) crane operators in tubular products shop of a boiler manufacturing company located in southern India. The modified Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) is used to interact with 67 crane operators, working with 24 EOT cranes of three different models in alternative shifts. The study revealed that 48(71.6%) employees suffered with some kind of MSDs. Most of them suffered with lower back pain followed by neck pain. The discomfort level is increased with age. Sixteen anthropometric dimensions are measured from all the operators. Statistical analysis is carried out using ANOVA. Frequent working postures are analysed by RULA, using Egrofellow-3 software. The obtained RULA score is 6. Suitable ergonomic chair provided for comfortable sitting and front side cabin guard height 100mm reduced to increase the visibility. After 3 months of trail run again questionnaire survey is conducted which clearly indicates that discomfort level drastically reduced and RULA score also reduced to 3.
Development of patient specific 3D printed mandible implant
Authors: Aarthi @ Priyatharshini S S , Angeline Kirubha S P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Medical 3D Printing has a variety of uses in dentistry, oral surgery and dental lab works. Modern dentistry plays a major role in 3D printing technology. The designing of a patient-specific mandible implant for cancer and fracture cases is based on the patient’s medical imaging data and 3D printing. This study procedure uses the patient CT image data in DICOM format (Digital imaging and communication medicine). The patient’s corrupted mandible is extracted from the skull CT scan. The anatomical reconstruction approaches are used for the extraction of the final 3D printed image. The final design is printed and then the stress analysis for different polymers is made to provide efficiency. Analyzing the suitable polymer involves biting and chewing. The maximum values of von mises stress were measured. Thus, the reconstructed mandible was close to the mechanical behavior of the normal bone. This 3D printed mandible implant is patient-specific compared to the existing system.
Fuzzy environment replacement model
Authors: Balaganesan M , Ganesan K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on replacement of equipment in fuzzy environment. Fuzzy set theory is the main tool to emphatic the vagueness parameters which involving in many real life applications. All imprecise costs involved in this fuzzy replacement model are taken as triangular fuzzy numbers. The proposed method gives the optimal replacement time of the replacement problem in fuzzy nature and it is validated using a real life numerical example.
Thermal imaging method in the evaluation of obesity in various body regions–A preliminary study
Authors: Rashmi Richa , Snekhalatha U 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTechnologies like 3-dimensional scanners and thermal imaging are slowly overtaking the traditional means of evaluating the obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mean skin surface temperature of different regions such as abdominal, shank, gluteal (thigh), forearm, neck, fingerbed region and to study the potential of feature extracted from thermograph of various region and its measured skin temperature values in the evaluation of obesity. In this preliminary study 30 normal and 30 obese young adult of age 19- 23 years were invited out of which 30 were female and 30 were male. Thermal imaging of abdominal, shank, gluteal, forearm, neck and fingerbed regions was acquired and average skin temperature was estimated in various regions for obese and normal subjects. Among the six region studied, neck region shows the greater temperature variation between the study population. In total population studied, the feature extracted parameter depicted positive association with mean skin surface temperature in various regions. Among various feature extracted parameters, mean and total standard deviation depicted the highest significance in abdomen (mean- r = 0.877, TSD- r = 0.449), neck (mean- r = 0.910, TSD- r = -0.617) and in forearm region (mean- r = 0.918, TSD- r = -0.404). ANOVA test provided a significant difference between the skin surface temperature of the groups (normal and obese subjects) at abdomen [F (1, 58) = 261.265, p< 0.05], forearm [F (1, 58) = 619.586, p< 0.05] and neck region [F (1, 58) = 492.322, p< 0.05]. Feed Forward Back Propagation Neural Network provided 98% accuracy, 95% sensitivity and 92% specificity while classifying normal and obese subjects.
Affordable human motion analysis system
Authors: Rajesh P , Pranav Anand P , Rupesh Babu C , Karthik Varshini , Kumar Ashok 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An initial prototype of two-dimensional motion analysis system which uses less expensive cameras, markers along with a open-source software for precise tracking of human movements is proposed here to overcome the difficulties faced by the researchers in using the current technology. Gait analysis is normally used to treat the abnormalities in walking or running ability of an individual. The main objective of this work is to build a less expensive gait setup which will be capable of finding out basic gait parameters. Currently available expensive 3D motion analysis system is not accessible to most of the people. This proposed system can be useful to people from all walks of life and especially beneficial to the people undergoing physiotherapy, autism patients, stroke patients and sportspersons etc. This setup is both reliable and portable which makes it quite different from other existing setup. This will open up new areas of biomechanical studies which would pave the way for most of the people to move into this type of research.
Thermal imaging method in the evaluation of psoriasis in upper limb region
Authors: Raman Meghna Sampath , Snekhalatha U , Nelufer K , Srivastava Sakshi , Narasimhan Murali 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Psoriasis is a dermatological disorder that most often causes scaling, itching and lesions on various regions of the skin. This study aims to focus on just the upper limb region affected by psoriasis and perform image acquisition using thermographic imaging. Each and every bodily disorder has a unique heat signature and respective temperature differences. Similarly, Psoriasis also has a typical heat signature that can be clearly observed on performing automated segmentation of the thermal images. The aim of this study includes automated segmentation and GLCM feature extraction in order to understand the nature of the disorder from the thermal images, and to characterize it in a more precise manner. The segmentation algorithm used for the purpose of this study is the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm. Segmentation is performed in order to clearly characterize the region of interest (ROI). The skin temperature differences in the ROI between normal and psoriasis affected hand are important to evaluate the latter. The segmented images’ features have to be extracted in order to clearly visualize the unique aspects of Psoriasis which may not be understandable upon just clinical trials. The GLCM features are extracted using the respective algorithms. The mean average temperature difference between the normal and psoriasis was found to be 2.91°C. The percentage difference between the normal and psoriasis in measurement of average temperature was found to be 9.57%. Thermographic imaging is a non-contact method of image acquisition and is being extensively used in present day for medical study. This study will help understand Psoriasis in a more elaborate and clarified manner and aims to be used as diagnostic tool in the future.
RETRACTED: Application of Machine learning Algorithms in Autonomous Vehicles Navigation System
Authors: Suriya Prasath G D , Rahgul Poopathi M K , Sarvesh P , Samuel A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Autonomous vehicles are the future of transportation and it also expected to become a fully-fledged reality within a decade. The major giants in the automotive industry like Toyota with Microsoft and Amazon, Mercedes with Bosch, Audi with Huawei, etc. are hard pressing their transition from conventional vehicle to autonomous vehicles. The state of Karnataka, for instance, had approximately 205,200 registered taxis higher than Madhya Pradesh 174,900 registered cabs from 2014 to 2015. This results in higher traffic congestion, pollution and high fuel consumption due to unorganized driving practice. As a consequence, this presents a great deal of opportunities for autonomous cars as they can significantly reduce the accident rate and improve effective and stress free parking, optimal running time, fuel economy etc. It also reduces traffic congestion as all the autonomous cars can be synchronized together through cloud. But the crucial part is their navigation system. Although a number of sophisticated forms of technology like such as radars, lasers, and high definition cameras for mapping, localization, obstacle detection, etc, are used, autonomous vehicles are still trying to reach perfection to navigate precisely under uninformed terrains and dynamics obstacles on the way like pedestrians, erratic drivers, traffic and climatic conditions. Events like heavy snow and rain, improper lane marking makes it hard to detect an obstacle on the road for evasive maneuver within limited response time period. Machine learning is one of the fast growing technologies that provide optimal solution to overcome the challenges in the autonomous navigation system. This paper focuses on the application of different machine learning algorithms and compares the use, challenge and scope of the same. The paper also focuses on the future direction of machine learning with reference to autonomous navigation system.
Current Research and Future Prospects of Neuromorphic Computing in Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Vishwa R , Karthikeyan R , Rohith R , Sabaresh A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Neuromorphic computing is a budding avenue though it has been known since the 80’s. The extensive research and development in the field of artificial intelligence particularly in the last decade is tremendous. The growth of artificial intelligence is expected to grow exponential in the years to come. Technologies like machine learning and IoT has made possible for many fields from industrial automation to business model prediction very affordable and far less complex. With growing digital devices, the number of devices connected to the cloud and in a network is doubling and in some cases are tripling in some ventures. Technologies like drones, autonomous cars, smart healthcare, smart cities and many other are moving towards more and more data and connected devices to the cloud. The present hardware system is at the verge of giving away as the data generation rate and processing volumes of the same is becoming a challenge. The hardware of today, though are advance are simply not adequate to support the expansion rate of growth of artificial intelligence in all fields. Increased devices result in increase data, increased processing raising challenges for current storage devices and processing devices. Neuromorphic chips, which promise to overcome this challenge, are currently being researched extensively by many computer giants who fear the future incompetency of hardware of which IBM is a major player. Ground breaking research in the field of memristor and artificial synapse have paved the way for neuromorphic chips which are expected to revolutionized the field for the better. This paper deals with the current research, physical and technical limitations and future scope of neuromorphic chips. The significance of memristor and artificial synapse towards neuromorphic computing is also dealt in detail.
Development of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems for Indian Cars
Authors: Balaji Swaroop , Sivaprakash R , Sabareesh S , Sivasundar M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The rising incidence of accidents in countries due to the lack of safety equipment in vehicles has been a hectic situation these days. Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are the most promising technology for reducing road transport externalities (e.g. congestion, traffic accidents, and environmental stress). The purpose of this study is to increase the safety and efficiency of motor vehicles, commercial vehicles, and special vehicles and shape the mobility of tomorrow. Using a cross-sectional analysis, the study analyzed vehicle safety can be improved by using ADAS technologies such as radar, LIDAR, ultrasonic and infrared (IR) sensors, highly resilient and reliable cameras, optical sensors. A review of the most popular available technologies used in ADAS and descriptions of their application areas are discussed in this paper.
Method of finding an optimal solution for interval balanced and unbalanced assignment problem
Authors: Ramesh G , Sudha G , Ganesan K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
All Assignment problems are a famous subject as well as is second-hand extremely frequently in solving problems of industrial and administration science. Transportation and assignment models playing significant position in logistics and deliver sequence administration for dropping fee and time, for improved facility. The assignment problem is one of the major problems while assigning job to the employee. It is a significant problem in mathematics and is also discuss in actual physical world. In this paper, we planned a original move towards for solving a balanced and unbalanced assignment problem. The grades of original approach are compared through existing approaches. Such parameters are a bunch of devices and these vague parameters are expressed by intervals. Through this involvement we suggest Hungarian method of interval and consider the thinking of interval analysis to solve linear assignment problems. The question of assignment without converting them to traditional assignment issue. In this paper a numerical scheme is investigated in detail.
Comparative study on flow characteristics, strength and durability of GGBS based geopolymer concrete
Authors: Sravanthi Dodda , Himath Kumar Y , Sarath Chandra Kumar B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Use of OPC causes the emission of CO2, which is a global house gas, to reduce the usage of OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement), GPC (Geopolymer Concrete) can be used as an alternative. To study the impact of molarity in GPC and compared with conventional concrete. The grade of concrete tested are M30 and M40 by using OPC 53 grade to compare the strength and geopolymer concrete M40 by using GGBS with River sand and M-sand. In geopolymer concrete when strength compares with different molarities 8M to 16M are used in this project work. In GPC strength is directly proportional to the molarity of NaOH. The mechanical properties are conducted to find out the strength. Different molarities were conducted with ( slump test; compaction factor) workability strength of concrete. The different acid test is conducted in durability (i.e., HCl, water absorption test, MgSO4, H2SO4, NaCl). Geopolymer concrete energy absorption is more when compare the normal concrete. The strength increases to increasing the molarity of concrete in GPC.
Service life prediction of geopolymer concrete with respective to chloride ion penetration
Authors: Raziya Tasneem A , Sarath Chandra Kumar B , Himath Kumar Y 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Geopolymer concrete is an innovative constriction material which is produced by the chemical action of inorganic molecules like sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate. This acts as a binding material for the cementation’s material. The cementations material used in the present study is Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS). In this paper, the service life of the geopolymer concrete structure presented to know the life span. The sodium hydroxide solutions having the molarities of 8M and 10M are used. The ratio of the alkali activators (NaOH and Na2SiO3) used is 1:2.5. The normal concrete mix having the water-cement ratio of 0.45 is also cast. The cubes are exposed to the NaCl solution. The specimens exposed to the solutions are drilled in respective depths. The powder is collected from the specimens and are titrated against with AgNO3 to find the percentage of chloride ion penetration. The compressive strength of the specimens for 28, 56, and 90 days are taken. In this paper it was also observed that as the days increases the percentage of chloride ion penetration decreases.
Portable non-invasive glucose and haemoglobin level monitoring incorporated along with multi paramonitoring system
Authors: Kevin Amos A , Rajalakshmi T , Raja D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Contemporary wireless technology gives a lot of new prospects for monitoring vital parameters. This paper presents a compact vital signs monitoring system using non-invasive optical sensors alone which is currently not present at disposal. An android app called multi para-tracker (MTP) is developed which connects to the device via Bluetooth which displays the value of the scrutinized parameters. A microcontroller ATmega328p connects all the sensors and Bluetooth and controls the system to work as programmed in the Arduino IDE software. This feature has a colossal advantage as it does not restrict the mobility of the patient and also diminutions the waiting time of the patients in hospitals. The system monitors vital signs measurement include Heart rate, oxygen saturation level in blood, Respiration rate, Blood Pressure, Temperature, Haemoglobin count and Blood Glucose level. This system can most probably exterminates the erstwhile procedure of extracting blood from the patients for testing the blood glucose level and also for haemoglobin count measurement in the imminent. Hence the developed prototype is tested with 30 different subjects and calibrated accordingly to show almost accurate results when compared to the existing techniques.
A handheld device to monitor physiological changes using sweat
Authors: Natarajan Gayathri , Badhusha Shaik Mohamed , Monish R , Rajalakshmi T , Snekhalatha U 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sweat is a viscous, multi-parameter fluid that can be used to gain information on various functions of the body. The focus of this paper is to develop a prototype for a hand held that considers factors such as temperature, pH, and conductivity of sweat to arrive at a conclusion about the current physiological condition of the user. Sweat is metabolite rich so it contains salts such as Sodium, chloride and potassium. The concentration of each metabolite varies the general conductivity of sweat. The prototype will contain a temperature Detector, pH sensor and Galvanic Response sensor. Any abnormal change in temperature, pH and the conductivity of sweat indicates an underlying problem. Further the sensor is capable of detecting fluctuation in sodium ion concentration by measuring the changes in the voltage response. The device will use machine learning and IOT to come to a conclusion whether the user is in immediate danger or not and constantly display readings when the sensors come in contact with sweat.
Effect of ferrocement wrapping system on strength and behaviour of geopolymer concrete beam
Authors: Sangeetha Vaddeswaram , Sarath Chandra Kumar B , Himath Kumar Y 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Geopolymer concrete is an innovative construction material that is environmentally friendly. Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is made by mixing ground granulated blast- furnace slag, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and alkaline activator solution. Ground Granulated Blast-furnace Slag (GGBS) is a Steel Industry by-product. An alkaline activator is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate is adopted with a ratio of 1:2.5. The sodium hydroxide solutions having the molarities of 8M and 10M are used. Beams of size 1500x150x150mm are cast and cured for 28 and 56 days at ambient temperature. Both Conventional and Geopolymer concrete beams are wrapped with Ferrocement. This experimental study primarily aims to compare the flexural behaviour of reinforced cement concrete beams and Geopolymer concrete beams with ferrocement applications to enhance the strength property. Specimens are cast for compressive strength, split tensile strength and bending strength and tested for 7, 28 & 56 days. The obtained results were then plotted in a graph and the feasibility of using the mesh was identified.
An efficient alternative approach for the solution of an interval integer transportation problem
Authors: Sudha G , Ganesan K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The purpose of an Original Possible Solution (IFS) of an integer transportation interval problematic constructions an essential part of finding a minimum total transportation interval cost solution. Better initial feasible interval solution will result in fewer iterations achieving the minimum total cost solution for the interval. Various methods are obtainable in the fiction to achieve a better original possible result to the problem of interval transport. A new, effective method with row penalties is proposed in this paper to find an initial feasible interval solution to an interval transport problem. One numerical illustration demonstrates the new process. Thus, our new approach can be regarded as an alternate technique for achieving an original possible interval solution to a problem of integral interval transport.
Influence of carbon steel fibers on the flexural crack width of RC beam
Authors: Rao Paruchuri Venkata , Sarath Chandra Kumar B , Ramesh K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Reinforced concrete beams are the significant structural elements in the structure. They improve resistivity against flexural loads. The concrete portion in the reinforced concrete beam is good in compression but at the time of bending reinforcement will take about the structural element. When the flexural stresses exceed the flexural capacity of the reinforced concrete beam cracks will occur at the flexural portion. In this investigation for avoiding and delaying flexural cracks, carbon steel fibres are incorporated into the concrete mix. The carbon steel fibres are added in concrete concerning the total volume of concrete. Different percentages like 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% of carbon steel fibres are added to the conventional concrete. Another side large amount of CO2 emission occurs while manufacturing the cement in the industry. Because of that the cement content is replaced 30% with GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag). The mix design used in this investigation is M30 with a water-cement ratio of 0.4. Cubes, cylinders and RC beams of 1.5 m X 0.23 m X 0.23 m are cast and placed in curing for 7 days and 28 days respectively. In this investigation single crack and multiple crack behaviour is analysed. The compression and split tensile strength of concrete are enhanced by incorporating carbon steel fibres in the conventional concrete. The RC beams with 28 days effective curing were tested under the loading frame of 2000T capacity. The result shows the initial crack propagation time is increased by increasing fibres content because at the time of crack propagation fibers present in the concrete mix will resist the entry of crack in the concrete and crack width is reduced by increasing fibres content compared with conventional concrete.