bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser-plasma proton acceleration with a combined gas-foil target
Authors: Levy Dan , Bernert Constantin , Rehwald Martin , Andriyash Igor A. , Assenbaum Stefan , Kluge Thomas , Kroupp Eyal , Obst-Huebl Lieselotte , Pausch Richard , Schulze-Makuch Alexander , Zeil Karl , Schramm Ulrich , Malka Victor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Laser-plasma proton acceleration was investigated in the target normal sheath acceleration regime with a target composed of a gas layer and a thin foil. The laser’s shape, duration, energy and frequency are modified as it propagates in the gas, altering the laser-solid interaction leading to proton acceleration. The modified properties of the laser were assessed by both numerical simulations and by measurements. The 3D particle-in-cell simulations have shown that a nearly seven-fold increase in peak intensity at the foil plane is possible. In the experiment, maximum proton energies showed high dependence on the energy transmission of the laser through the gas and a lesser dependence on the size and shape of the pulse. At high gas densities, where high intensity was expected, laser energy depletion and pulse distortion suppressed proton energies. At low densities, with the laser focused far behind the foil, self-focusing was observed and the gas showed a positive effect on proton energies. The promising results of this first exploration motivate further study of the target.
Effects of elastic softening and helium accumulation kinetics on surface morphological evolution of plasma-facing tungsten
Authors: Chen Chao-Shou , Dasgupta Dwaipayan , Weerasinghe Asanka , Wirth Brian D. , Maroudas Dimitrios 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Based on a continuous-domain model, capable of accessing the spatiotemporal scales relevant to fuzz formation on the surface of plasma-facing component (PFC) tungsten, we report self-consistent simulation results that elucidate the effects of elastic softening and helium (He) accumulation kinetics on the surface morphological response of PFC tungsten. The model accounts for the softening of the elastic moduli in the near-surface region of PFC tungsten, including both thermal softening at high temperature and softening due to He accumulation upon He implantation. The dependence of the elastic moduli on the He content follows an exponential scaling relation predicted by molecular-dynamics simulations, while the He content in the near-surface region of PFC tungsten evolves according to a first-order saturation kinetics, consistent with experimental and simulation results reported in the literature. We establish that this elastic softening accelerates both nanotendril growth on the PFC surface and the onset of fuzz formation. We also explore the role of the rate of He accumulation to a saturation level in the near-surface region of irradiated tungsten in the onset of fuzz formation. For PFC tungsten surfaces such as W(110) where, under typical irradiation conditions, the characteristic time scale for stress-driven surface diffusion is comparable to the characteristic time scale for He accumulation, we find that accelerating the rate of He accumulation accelerates the growth rate of nanotendrils emanating from the surface. Additionally, we present a systematic parametric study of the PFC surface morphological response to explore its dependence on the He accumulation kinetics that is controlled by the irradiation conditions for low-energy implantation. Finally, we introduce an incubation time for nanotendril growth on the PFC surface, a concept equivalent to that of incubation fluence discussed in the literature, to predict and explain the minimum exposure time required to observe fuzz formation on PFC tungsten surfaces.
Influence of non-magnetic Zn-doping on the structural and the magnetic properties of magnesium ferrite
Authors: Mahale Vinay , Raut A V , Surashe V K , Vinayak V , Dorik R G , Shengule D R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Spinel ferrites are the important class of soft magnetic material and are of interest to many researchers due to their excellent electrical and magnetic properties. Magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) is one such spinel ferrite with great potential technological applications. In the present study, the magnesium ferrite (Mg0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4) samples were prepared by well-known sol-gel auto-combustion method. The influence of Zn-doping on the structural and magnetic properties was investigated by X-ray diffraction and magnetization studies. The room temperature X-ray diffraction studies of the pure MgFe2O4 and Zn-doped Mg-Fe2O4 (Mg0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4) revealed the formation of single phase cubic spinel structure. The crystallite size obtained from Sherrer’s formula indicated that the Zn-doped and undoped shows nanocrystalline nature with crystallite size 22 nm and 24 nm respectively. The lattice constant (?) was found to be increased after Zn doping. Several other structural parameters are also increased after Zn doping. The magnetic properties were investigated by means of pulse field hysteresis loop technic. The M-H plot exhibits typical ferrimegnetic nature. The saturaturation magnetization increases after Zn doping. The observed magnetic behaviour of Mg0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 nanocrystalline ferrite was on the basis of theoretical model.
Studies on Synthesis and Structural Properties of Nickel Ferrite before and after Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Kalunge Santosh , Surase Anand , Sapate D. R. , Nimbhore S. R. , Barote V. K. , Pandit A. A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the present work nanocrystalline NiFe2O4 samples were prepared by the sol-gel auto combustion technique. The synthesis was carried out by taking citric acid as fuel with metal nitrate to fuel ratio as 1:3. The obtained powder was annealed at 5500C for 4 h and then used for structural and magnetic investigations. Prepared nickel ferrite samples have been irradiated by gamma-ray (60Co) to examine the changes that occurred in structural properties. Structural properties of nickel ferrite nanoparticles before and after gamma irradiation were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. From the XRD pattern, it was observed that all the Braggs planes reveal cubic spinel structure before and after gamma irradiation. A close examination of the XRD pattern revealed the crystallite size of 21 nm and 19 nm for nickel ferrite samples before and after gamma irradiation respectively. The obtained results help in providing interesting and useful study for various applications of nickel ferrites.
Structural Morphological and Infrared Properties of Cd2+ Substitutes Nickel Ferrite Particles
Authors: Devmunde B. H. , Bhalerao P.S. , Solunke M.B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Structural properties of cadmium substituted nickel ferrite with general formula Ni1-xCdxFe2O4 (x=0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were synthesized by using Sol-gel auto combustion method. All the chemicals used for preparations was high purity (99.9% Sigma-Aldrich).The prepared nanoparticles samples were investigated by characterizing them through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. From XRD results, it is observed prepared samples were in the nano size having cubic spinel structure with single phase. Lattice constant is found increasing with Cd2+ concentration. The average grain size obtained from SEM in the range of 45-58 nm. The EDAX plot gives the evidence of presence of Ni2+, Cd2+, Fe3+, and O2- ions with proper ratio confirming the desired stoichiometric composition. IR spectra exhibit two distinct absorption bands hear about 400 cm−1 and 600 cm−1
Effect of Magnetic Field on Thermal Conductivity of the Cobalt Ferrite Magnetic Nanofluids
Authors: Kharat Prashant B. , Somvanshi Sandeep B. , Khirade Pankaj P. , Jadhav K. M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Stable magnetic nanofluids of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method. The structural, morphological and magnetic properties were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) respectively. The XRD study revealed the spinel structure of the prepared cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with Fd-3m space group. Prepared nanoparticles were found to be spherical in nature with average particles size of 10 nm. The prepared cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were exhibit near superparamagnetic behavior. These superparamagnetic cobalt ferrite nanoparticles used for the preparation of the magnetic nanofluids in ethylene glycol with various volume fraction concentrations viz. 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1%. The thermal conductivity of the ethylene glycol was significantly enhanced by dispersing the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. The thermal conductivity of the prepared cobalt ferrite / ethylene glycol (COEG) magnetic nanofluid were also responded to the magnetic field intensity and shows increasing trend with increasing magnetic field intensity.
Effect of vacuum thermal annealing on optical properties of amorphous (Se80Te20)94Ag6 chalcogenide thin films prepared by thermal evaporation technique
Authors: Gupta Anubha , Malik K , Parvinder  , Kumar R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Amorphous (Se80Te20)94Ag6 thin films are prepared at room temperature by using thermal evaporation technique. The as-prepared thin films are annealed both at higher and lower temperatures than glass transition temperature Tg. X-ray diffraction of annealed film above Tg confirms the presence of different phases. The glass transition temperature of as-prepared glass is evaluated with the help of DSC measurement. Transmittance measurements are used to find the value of optical parameters and optical band gap Eg. Refractive index and extinction coefficient increases with increase in annealing temperature. The band gap show an increase for the annealing temperature less than Tg and decrease for the temperature greater than Tg. Mott and Davis Model forms the basis for the explanation of change in optical band gap.
Multifunctional Magnetic Nano-platforms for Advanced Biomedical applications: A Brief Review
Authors: Kharat Prashant B. , Somvanshi Sandeep B. , Jadhav K. M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this concise survey, we have introduced overview and features on biomedical utilizations of a class of metal nanoparticles including magnetic nanoparticles. Their most significant related materials are additionally examined for biomedical applications for treating different cancer like diseases. At present, physicochemical techniques have been demonstrated fruitful to orchestrate, shape, control, and produce metal and oxide based homogeneous frameworks, e.g., nano and micro scale particles. In this way, we have principally centred around useful magnetic nanoparticles for nano-medication as a result of their high bio-flexibility to the organs inside human body. Here, bio-conjugation procedures are extremely urgent to interface nanoparticles with customary medications, nano-drugs, bio-particles or polymers for biomedical applications. Bio-functionalization of tailored nanoparticles for biomedicine is demonstrated separate to in vitro and in vivo investigation conventions that commonly incorporate medication conveyance, hyperthermia treatment, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The last can be particularly applied utilizing magnetic nanoparticles, for example, spinel ferrite oxide nanoparticles for diagnostic and treatment of malignancies. Significantly, nano scale-frameworks or micro scale-frameworks or half breed micro-nano scale frameworks are shortly brought into nano-medication.
Synthesis of Goblet shape defected ground slotted microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Chauhan E S , Khandka S , Kumar A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presented for investigation, how the defects as well as slots of different shapes and sizes on the ground of microstrip patch antenna (MPA) improve its characteristics like VSWR, Return Loss, efficiency, etc. This has been done by cutting a rectangular shape of defect on the ground and cut a slot on the goblet shaped patch of designed antenna structure. This microstrip antenna is suitable for tracking data, satellite communication, etc. The performance and advantages of microstrip antenna such as low cost, low profile, low weight made them the perfect choice for communication systems. In the proposed defected ground microstrip patch antenna (DG - MP A), a rectangular slot (1.25mm × 3.75mm) is cut on the Goblet Patch (10.71mm ×41. 5mm ×1. 5mm) of the structure. An inset feed (-11mm x 6mm) is introduced in this microstrip antenna. The antenna designed to function at 2.2 GHz. The proposed antenna not only operate at 2.2 GHz frequency, but also offers Return loss -26.86, VSWR 0.78, with frequency 12.85 GHz (Ku - band).
Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings: Bridging the Generations of Scientists
Authors: Somvanshi Sandeep B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

“Educate, Inspire, Connect” is the motto of yearly Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings which completely replicates what this gathering is all about. Since 1951, Nobel laureates have assembled in the pleasant town of Lindau, Germany, to discuss the progression of science. Beginning in 1953, the gatherings integrated young scientist from all over the world to ingrain in them enthusiasm and acquaintance on science, while likewise giving an environment for fruitful collaborations. From June 30 to July 5, 2019, around 580 young scientist representing 89 nations accumulated in this small town on the shores of Lake Constance to directly interact with 41 Nobel prize winners. In light of this year’s theme dedicated to Physics, it was an incredible benefit to go to this gathering as a young materials scientist. In spite of the fact that it was an overall gathering of physicist, a considerable insights into current advancement and development in materials science was offered by the many Nobel laureates. My objective in this article is to share these experiences and to increase awareness of this interesting and unique scientific meeting.
Synthesis and Photoluminescence study of Strontium salts with 2-Methyl-8-Hydroxyquinoline and 8-Hydroxyquinoline
Authors: Ruchir Kumar C. , Nimje Y. M. , Anwane S. W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The pure green and turquoise green-emitting organometallic complex of strontium(II) with 8-Hydroxyquinoline and 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline were synthesized by using Co-precipitation method. The structure of Sr(8-Hq)2 and Sr(2-Me-8Hq)2 was studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the vibrational peak of the Sr-O bond was found at 503 cm−1 and 499 cm−1 respectively. The X-Ray diffraction spectra are taken and compared with XRD data of raw materials to confirm the formation of the complex. Further UV-Absorption was studied, and the optical band gap is 2.813eV and 2.852eV, respectively, by using Taucs plot method. The photoluminescent study carried out in solution medium, and the emission wavelength found at 526nm and 509nm, and the color is confirmed using the CIE plot method, and the emission color is pure green and turquoise green. The complex may have significant applications as emitters in organic optoelectronic devices.
VUV investigation of blue emitting MAl12O19: Eu (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) phosphors synthesized by combustion method
Authors: Korpe R. G. , Koparkar K. A. , Bajaj N. S. , Omanwar S. K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
. Abstract Synthesis of europium doped alkaline earth aluminates MAl12O19 [M=Ca, Sr, Ba] by low temperatures (500ºC) solution combustion method. It corresponds to maintain the ratio of metal nitrate and urea solution mixtures. The characterization of Eu doped MAl12O19 [M=Ca, Sr, Ba] materials were done by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope analysis and the optical properties were studied under 147 nm and 172 nm from synchrotron radiation excitation. The Eu-doped MAl12O19 phosphor shows broad and strong absorption in VUV region and exhibits intensive emission in blue region. The CaAl12O19: Eu2+ shows strong blue emission band at 414 nm while in SrAl12O19:Eu2+ two emission peaks are observed at about 395 nm and another around 418 nm. Both CaAl12O19: Eu2+ and SrAl12O19:Eu2+ display two very weak red emission bands at 592, 613 and 591, 613 nm respectively due to co-existence of Eu3+. BaAl12O19: Eu2+ phosphor shows emission around 440 nm in the blue region of the spectrum.
Intermolecular Interactions Studies of ZnO-Tryptophan Suspension
Authors: Alameen A S , Yaseen S A , Saif F A , Undre S B , Undre P B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The physicochemical properties (PCPs) have been studied to demonstrate the intermolecular interactions of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) suspension. Tryptophan (Tryp) was dissolved in water and used as dilute solution to study the dispersion of ZnO NPs in different concentrations (25 to 150 uM) with 25 step. Density p, apparent molar volume V®, refractive index (RI) nD and speed of light c have been reported. Man Singh equations were used to calculate the viscosity tj, surface tension y and friccohesity a, activation energy Ay*2
was calculated using Arrhenius equation on the basis of pendant drop number (PDN) and viscous flow time (VFT) which counted by Borosil ManSingh Survismeter (BMS) instrument for solutions at room temperature. The physicochemical properties revealed the effect of ZnO NPs concentration on intermolecular interactions in dispersion systems. The results depicted the strong role of Tryptophan on ZnO NPs dispersion process in the term of solute-solvent and solute-solute interactions and free chemical reaction suspension.
Rotational Temperature of AlO Molecule from Fourier Transform Spectrum of the 0-1 band of B2∑+ - X2∑+ System
Authors: Londhe C. T. , Undre P. B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Rotational structure of (0-1) bands of the B2∑+ - X2∑+ system of AlO molecule was recorded on Fourier Transform Spectrometer. Intensity distribution among the well-resolved rotational lines of R1 and R2 for each band was recorded and average rotational temperature calculated from these lines which is 1813 K.
Integrating environmental understanding into freshwater floatovoltaic deployment using an effects hierarchy and decision trees
Authors: Armstrong Alona , Page Trevor , Thackeray Stephen J , Hernandez Rebecca R , Jones Ian D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In an era of looming land scarcity and environmental degradation, the development of low carbon energy systems without adverse impacts on land and land-based resources is a global challenge. ‘Floatovoltaic’ energy systems—comprising floating photovoltaic (PV) panels over water—are an appealing source of low carbon energy as they spare land for other uses and attain greater electricity outputs compared to land-based systems. However, to date little is understood of the impacts of floatovoltaics on the hosting water body. Anticipating changes to water body processes, properties and services owing to floatovoltaic deployment represents a critical knowledge gap that may result in poor societal choices and water body governance. Here, we developed a theoretically-derived hierarchical effects framework for the assessment of floatovoltaic impacts on freshwater water bodies, emphasising ecological interactions. We describe how the presence of floatovoltaic systems may dramatically alter the air-water interface, with subsequent implications for surface meteorology, air-water fluxes and physical, chemical and biological properties of the recipient water body. We apply knowledge from this framework to delineate three response typologies—‘magnitude’, those for which the direction and magnitude of effect can be predicted; ‘direction’, those for which only the direction of effect can be predicted; and ‘uncertain’, those for which the response cannot be predicted—characterised by the relative importance of levels in the effects hierarchy. Illustrative decision trees are developed for an example water body response within each typology, specifically, evaporative water loss, cyanobacterial biomass, and phosphorus release from bed sediments, and implications for ecosystem services, including climate regulation, are discussed. Finally, the potential to use the new understanding of likely ecosystem perturbations to direct floatovoltaic design innovations and identify future research priorities is outlined, showcasing how inter-sectoral collaboration and environmental science can inform and optimise this low carbon, land-sparing renewable energy for ecosystem gains.
Diversity of Medicinal Plants in Yard in Several Villages in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu M , Ibo L K , Arimukti S D , Susiarti S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In Indonesia, yard or home garden as one of the processed land has not received full attention. One of the roles of the yard is as a “living pharmacy”. Research and inventory of plants grown in the yard of 11 villages in Indonesia recorded no less than 120 plant species were used as medicinal herbs. Some were also used as traditional cosmetics and spices. Zingiberaceae family are the most commonly used and cultivated plants. Information on the results of this ethnobotany research is expected to provide input to improve yard development.
Effect of fermented feed supplementation in circulated aquaponic system with catfish (Clarias sp.) on growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: Handayani R , Dinoto A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Aquaponic systems of aquatic animal-plant are a model for conversion of waste into plant substrates and its efficacy is estimated depending on the type of feed given. This study aims to investigate the effect of fermented feed in the circulating aquaponics system with catfish (Clarias sp.) on the growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The study was carried out in a circulated serial aquaculture tanks containing catfish. Various inputs of fermented fish feed was applied including low concentration (6% of fish weight) and high concentration (9% of fish weight). The growth of lettuce, water quality, and total microorganisms were measured. As results, maximum length and width of lettuce were higher in supplementation of higher feed concentrations (9%), as well as tendency height and weight of plant clumps plant.
Isolation of An Erythromycin-Resistant (Putative) Gene From Bacillus Halodurans CM1
Authors: Widamayanti  , Haniyya  , Helianti I , Abinawanto  
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Bacillus halodurans CM1 is one of the bacterial strains from BPPT Culture Collection which had been isolated from sediments in the Cimanggu hot spring, West Java, previously. The whole genomic DNA of this strain has not yet been deeply studied despite its potential as host to produce several kinds of useful enzymes, such as xylanase, lipase, and protease. Besides the industrial enzymes, potential genes in B. halodurans CM1, for example antibiotic-resistant genes, could be engineered later for further purposes. Earlier experiments showed that CM1 strain has the ability to survive in the media with erythromycin, suggesting there might be genes responsible for this erythromycin resistance. This study aimed to isolate erythromycin-resistant gene from B. halodurans CM1 using a PCR approach. The primers used for PCR were designed based on the GenBank database of whole genome Bacillus halodurans C-125. The PCR product was then ligated into a pGEM-T easy cloning vector, and the recombinant vector then transformed into Escherichia coli DH5a. The DNA fragment with the size of 864 bp was obtained and it encoded 288 deduced amino acids. DNA sequence analysis showed that the gene had 99% similarity with gene encoding erythromycin resistance from B. halodurans C-125 (GenBank No access: BA000004.3, ErmK). There are 3 nucleotides in the ErmK sequence of B. halodurans CM1 that are different from that of another well-known strain B. halodurans C-125. This dissimilar pattern of sequence encodes Leu instead of Ser in 155th orders of CM1 amino acid sequence.