bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the association between unmet healthcare needs and subsequent clinical outcomes: protocol for the Addressing Post-Intensive Care Syndrome-01 (APICS-01) multicentre cohort study
Authors: Akhlaghi Narjes , Needham Dale M , Bose Somnath , Banner-Goodspeed Valerie M , Beesley Sarah J , Dinglas Victor D , Groat Danielle , Greene Tom , Hopkins Ramona O , Jackson James , Mir-Kasimov Mustafa , Sevin Carla M , Wilson Emily , Brown Samuel M 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionAs short-term mortality declines for critically ill patients, a growing number of survivors face long-term physical, cognitive and/or mental health impairments. After hospital discharge, many critical illness survivors require an in-depth plan to address their healthcare needs. Early after hospital discharge, numerous survivors experience inadequate care or a mismatch between their healthcare needs and what is provided. Many patients are readmitted to the hospital, have substantial healthcare resource use and experience long-lasting morbidity. The objective of this study is to investigate the gap in healthcare needs occurring immediately after hospital discharge and its association with hospital readmissions or death for survivors of acute respiratory failure (ARF).Methods and analysisIn this multicentre prospective cohort study, we will enrol 200 survivors of ARF in the intensive care unit (ICU) who are discharged directly home from their acute care hospital stay. Unmet healthcare needs, the primary exposure of interest, will be evaluated as soon as possible within 1 to 4 weeks after hospital discharge, via a standardised telephone assessment. The primary outcome, death or hospital readmission, will be measured at 3 months after discharge. Secondary outcomes (eg, quality of life, cognitive impairment, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder) will be measured as part of 3-month and 6-month telephone-based follow-up assessments. Descriptive statistics will be reported for the exposure and outcome variables along with a propensity score analysis, using inverse probability weighting for the primary exposure, to evaluate the relationship between the primary exposure and outcome.Ethics and disseminationThe study received ethics approval from Vanderbilt University Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB) and the University of Utah IRB (for the Veterans Affairs site). These results will inform both clinical practice and future interventional trials in the field. We plan to disseminate the results in peer-reviewed journals, and via national and international conferences.Trial registration detailsClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03738774). Registered before enrollment of the first patient.
Effects of infrapatellar fat pad preservation versus resection on clinical outcomes after total knee arthroplasty in patients with knee osteoarthritis (IPAKA): study protocol for a multicentre, randomised, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zhu Zhaohua , Han Weiyu , Lu Ming , Lin Jianhao , Yin Zongsheng , Shang Xifu , Weng Xisheng , Zha Zhengang , Tian Jin , Lei Guanghua , Hunter David J , Ding Changhai 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionThe infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) is commonly resected during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for better exposure. However, our previous studies have suggested that IPFP size was protective against, while IPFP signal intensity alteration was detrimental on knee symptoms and structural abnormalities. We hypothesise that an IPFP with normal qualities, rather than abnormal qualities, should be preserved during TKA. The aim of this study is to compare, over a 1-year period, the postoperative clinical outcomes of IPFP preservation versus resection after TKA in patients with normal or abnormal IPFP signal intensity alteration on MRI.Methods and analysisThree hundred and sixty people with end-stage knee osteoarthritis and on the waiting list for TKA will be recruited and identified as normal IPFP quality (signal intensity alteration score ≤1) or abnormal IPFP quality (signal intensity alteration score ≥2). Patients in each hospital will then be randomly allocated to IPFP resection group or preservation group. The primary outcomes are the summed score of self-reported Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), KOOS subscales assessing function in daily activities and function in sport and recreation. Secondary endpoints will be included: KOOS subscales (pain, symptoms and quality of life), Knee Society Score, 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Pain, timed up-and-go test, patellar tendon shortening, 100 mm VAS self-reported efficacy of reduced pain and increased quality of life, and Insall-Salvati index assessed on plain X-ray. Adverse events will be recorded. Intention-to-treat analyses will be used.Ethics and disseminationThe study is approved by the local Medical Ethics Committee (Zhujiang Hospital Ethics Committee, reference number 2017-GJGBK-001) and will be conducted according to the principle of the Declaration of Helsinki (64th, 2013) and the Good Clinical Practice standard, and in compliance with the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act . Data will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at conferences, both nationally and internationally.Trial registration numberThis trial was registered at Clinicaltrial.gov website on 19 October 2018 with identify numberNCT03763448.
Faecal microbiota transplantation halts progression of human new-onset type 1 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial
Authors: de Groot Pieter , Nikolic Tanja , Pellegrini Silvia , Sordi Valeria , Imangaliyev Sultan , Rampanelli Elena , Hanssen Nordin , Attaye Ilias , Bakker Guido , Duinkerken Gaby , Joosten Antoinette , Prodan Andrei , Levin Evgeni , Levels Han , Potter van Loon Bartjan , van Bon Arianne , Brouwer Catherina , van Dam Sytze , Simsek Suat , van Raalte Daniel , Stam Frank , Gerdes Victor , Hoogma Roel , Diekman Martin , Gerding Martin , Rustemeijer Cees , de Bakker Bernadette , Hoekstra Joost , Zwinderman Aeilko , Bergman Jacques , Holleman Frits , Piemonti Lorenzo , De Vos Willem , Roep Bart , Nieuwdorp Max 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveType 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterised by islet autoimmunity and beta cell destruction. A gut microbiota–immunological interplay is involved in the pathophysiology of T1D. We studied microbiota-mediated effects on disease progression in patients with type 1 diabetes using faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).DesignPatients with recent-onset (<6 weeks) T1D (18–30 years of age) were randomised into two groups to receive three autologous or allogenic (healthy donor) FMTs over a period of 4 months. Our primary endpoint was preservation of stimulated C peptide release assessed by mixed-meal tests during 12 months. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in glycaemic control, fasting plasma metabolites, T cell autoimmunity, small intestinal gene expression profile and intestinal microbiota composition.ResultsStimulated C peptide levels were significantly preserved in the autologous FMT group (n=10 subjects) compared with healthy donor FMT group (n=10 subjects) at 12 months. Small intestinalPrevotellawas inversely related to residual beta cell function (r=−0.55, p=0.02), whereas plasma metabolites 1-arachidonoyl-GPC and 1-myristoyl-2-arachidonoyl-GPC levels linearly correlated with residual beta cell preservation (rho=0.56, p=0.01 and rho=0.46, p=0.042, respectively). Finally, baseline CD4 +CXCR3+T cell counts, levels of small intestinalDesulfovibrio pigerand CCL22 and CCL5 gene expression in duodenal biopsies predicted preserved beta cell function following FMT irrespective of donor characteristics.ConclusionFMT halts decline in endogenous insulin production in recently diagnosed patients with T1D in 12 months after disease onset. Several microbiota-derived plasma metabolites and bacterial strains were linked to preserved residual beta cell function. This study provides insight into the role of the intestinal gut microbiome in T1D.Trial registration numberNTR3697.
Phenotypes in adult patients with Rett syndrome: results of a 13-year experience and insights into healthcare transition
Authors: Peron Angela , Canevini Maria Paola , Ghelma Filippo , Arancio Rosangela , Savini Miriam Nella , Vignoli Aglaia 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundRett syndrome is a complex genetic disorder with age-specific manifestations and over half of the patients surviving into middle age. However, little information about the phenotype of adult individuals with Rett syndrome is available, and mainly relies on questionnaires completed by caregivers. Here, we assess the clinical manifestations and management of adult patients with Rett syndrome and present our experience in transitioning from the paediatric to the adult clinic.MethodsWe analysed the medical records and molecular data of women aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis of classic Rett syndrome and/or pathogenic variants in MECP2, CDKL5 and FOXG1, who were in charge of our clinic.ResultsOf the 50 women with classic Rett syndrome, 94% had epilepsy (26% drug-resistant), 20% showed extrapyramidal signs, 40% sleep problems and 36% behavioural disorders. Eighty-six % patients exhibited gastrointestinal problems; 70% had scoliosis and 90% low bone density. Breathing irregularities were diagnosed in 60%. None of the patients had cardiac issues. CDKL5 patients experienced fewer breathing abnormalities than women with classic Rett syndrome.ConclusionThe delineation of an adult phenotype in Rett syndrome demonstrates the importance of a transitional programme and the need of a dedicated multidisciplinary team to optimise the clinical management of these patients.
Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation compared with alemtuzumab for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis: an observational study
Authors: Zhukovsky Christina , Sandgren Sofia , Silfverberg Thomas , Einarsdottir Sigrun , Tolf Andreas , Landtblom Anne-Marie , Novakova Lenka , Axelsson Markus , Malmestrom Clas , Cherif Honar , Carlson Kristina , Lycke Jan , Burman Joachim 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo compare outcomes after treatment with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) and alemtuzumab (ALZ) in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis.MethodsPatients treated with AHSCT (n=69) received a conditioning regimen of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) and rabbit anti-thymocyte globulinerG (6.0 mg/kg). Patients treated with ALZ (n=75) received a dose of 60 mg over 5 days, a repeated dose of 36 mg over 3 days after 1 year and then as needed. Follow-up visits with assessment of the expanded disability status scale score, adverse events and MR investigations were made at least yearly.ResultsThe Kaplan-Meier estimates of the primary outcome measure ‘no evidence of disease activity’ was 88% for AHSCT and 37% for ALZ at 3 years, p<0.0001. The secondary endpoint of annualised relapse rate was 0.04 for AHSCT and 0.1 for ALZ, p=0.03. At last follow-up, the proportions of patients who improved, were stable or worsened were 57%/41%/1% (AHSCT) and 45%/43%/12% (ALZ), p=0.06 Adverse events grade three or higher were present in 48/69 patients treated with AHSCT and 0/75 treated with ALZ in the first 100 days after treatment initiation. The most common long-term adverse event was thyroid disease with Kaplan-Meier estimates at 3 years of 21% for AHSCT and 46% for ALZ, p=0.005.ConclusionsIn this observational cohort study, treatment with AHSCT was associated with a higher likelihood of maintaining ‘no evidence of disease activity’. Adverse events were more frequent with AHSCT in the first 100 days, but thereafter more common in patients treated with ALZ.
Early VEGF testing in inflammatory neuropathy avoids POEMS syndrome misdiagnosis and associated costs
Authors: Marsh Eleanor S , Keddie Stephen , Terris-Prestholt Fern , D'Sa Shirley , Lunn Michael P 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundPrompt diagnosis and early treatment prevents disability in Polyneuropathy Organomegaly Endocrinopathy Monoclonal-protein and Skin Changes (POEMS) syndrome. Delay in diagnosis is common with 55% of patients initially incorrectly diagnosed with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Patients are often treated with intravenous immunoglobulin which is both expensive and ineffective in the treatment of POEMS. Testing patients with acquired demyelinating neuropathy with serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) more accurately identifies POEMS syndrome than the current standard of care. Incorporating VEGF testing into screening could prevent misdiagnosis and reduce costs.MethodsWe used observed treatment information for patients in the University College London Hospital’s POEMS syndrome database (n=100) and from the National Immunoglobulin Database to estimate costs associated with incorrect CIDP diagnoses across our cohort. We conducted a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis to compare the current diagnostic algorithm with an alternative which includes VEGF testing for all patients with an acquired demyelinating neuropathy.ResultsTreatment associated with an incorrect CIDP diagnosis led to total wasted healthcare expenditures of between £808 550 and £1 111 756 across our cohort, with an average cost-per-POEMS-patient misdiagnosed of £14 701 to £20 214. Introducing mandatory VEGF testing for patients with acquired demyelinating neuropathy would lead to annual cost-savings of £107 398 for the National Health Service and could prevent misdiagnosis in 16 cases per annum.ConclusionsMisdiagnosis in POEMS syndrome results in diagnostic delay, disease progression and significant healthcare costs. Introducing mandatory VEGF testing for patients with acquired demyelinating neuropathy is a cost-effective strategy allowing for early POEMS diagnosis and potentially enabling prompt disease-directed therapy.
Symmetry reduction of tensor networks in many-body theory
Authors: Tichai A. , Wirth R. , Ripoche J. , Duguet T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe ongoing progress in (nuclear) many-body theory is accompanied by an ever-rising increase in complexity of the underlying formalisms used to solve the stationary Schrödinger equation. The associated working equations at play in state-of-the-art ab initio nuclear many-body methods can be analytically reduced with respect to angular-momentum, i.e. SU(2), quantum numbers whenever they are effectively employed in a symmetry-restricted context. The corresponding procedure constitutes a tedious and error-prone but yet an integral part of the implementation of those many-body frameworks. Indeed, this symmetry reduction is a key step to advance modern simulations to higher accuracy since the use of symmetry-adapted tensors can decrease the computational complexity by orders of magnitude. While attempts have been made in the past to automate the (anti-) commutation rules linked to Fermionic and Bosonic algebras at play in the derivation of the working equations, there is no systematic account to achieve the same goal for their symmetry reduction. In this work, the first version of an automated tool performing graph-theory-based angular-momentum reduction is presented. Taking the symmetry-unrestricted expressions of a generic tensor network as an input, the code provides their angular-momentum-reduced form in an error-safe way in a matter of seconds. Several state-of-the-art many-body methods serve as examples to demonstrate the generality of the approach and to highlight the potential impact on the many-body community.
Decomposition of halogenated nucleobases by surface plasmon resonance excitation of gold nanoparticles
Authors: Marques Telma S. , Śmiałek Małgorzata A. , Schürmann Robin , Bald Ilko , Raposo Maria , Eden Sam , Mason Nigel J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Halogenated uracil derivatives are of great interest in modern cancer therapy, either as chemotherapeutics or radiosensitisers depending on their halogen atom. This work applies UV-Vis spectroscopy to study the radiation damage of uracil, 5-bromouracil and 5-fluorouracil dissolved in water in the presence of gold nanoparticles upon irradiation with an Nd:YAG ns-pulsed laser operating at 532 nm at different fluences. Gold nanoparticles absorb light efficiently by their surface plasmon resonance and can significantly damage DNA in their vicinity by an increase of temperature and the generation of reactive secondary species, notably radical fragments and low energy electrons. A recent study using the same experimental approach characterized the efficient laser-induced decomposition of the pyrimidine ring structure of 5-bromouracil mediated by the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles. The present results show that the presence of irradiated gold nanoparticles decomposes the ring structure of uracil and its halogenated derivatives with similar efficiency. In addition to the fragmentation of the pyrimidine ring, for 5-bromouracil the cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond could be observed, whereas for 5-fluorouracil this reaction channel was inhibited. Locally-released halogen atoms can react with molecular groups within DNA, hence this result indicates a specific mechanism by which doping with 5-bromouracil can enhance DNA damage in the proximity of laser irradiated gold nanoparticles.

Graphical abstract
Measuring the Volatility of Market Risk of Vietnam Banking Industry After the Low Inflation Period 2015–2017
Authors: Thach Nguyen Ngoc , Van Bao Nguyen , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Thanh Bui Dan , Nga Le Thi Viet , Ha Truong Thu , Binh Nguyen The 
Published: October 2020

The Vietnam economy has gained lots of achievements after the financial crisis 2007–2011, until it reached a low inflation rate of 0.6% in 2015. This paper measures the volatility of market risk in Vietnam banking industry after this period (2015–2017). The main reason is the vital role of the bank system in Vietnam in the economic development and growth in recent years always goes with risk potential and risk control policies. This research paper aims to figure out the increase or decrease in the market risk of Vietnam banking firms during the post-low inflation period 2015–2017. First, by using the quantitative combined with comparative data analysis method, we find out the risk level measured by equity beta mean in the banking industry is acceptable, although it is little higher than ([Formula: see text]) 1. Then one of its major findings is the comparison between risk level of banking industry during the financial crisis 2007–2009 compared to those in the post-low inflation time 2015–2017. In fact, the research findings show us market risk level during the post-low inflation time has increased much. We compare beta in two periods because we want to figure out the reason underlying the fact beta has increased. One of the reasons is that the accumulated banking risks during the longer time and criteria to meet Basel 2 have been partially contributing to increasing market risk. Finally, this paper provides some ideas that could provide companies and government more evidence in establishing their policies in governance. This is the complex task but the research results show us warning that the market risk might be higher during the post-low inflation period 2015–2017. Our conclusion part will recommend some policies and plans to deal with it.
Study of the Protection of Aluminum Alloy Surfaces by a Graphene-Modified Fluorocarbon Anticorrosive Coating
Authors: Wang Peng , Cai Dayong 
Published: October 2020

Graphene-modified anticorrosion coatings have become a hot spot in the field of metal protection due to the large-scale promotion of aluminum alloys, which are prone to corrosion in marine and atmospheric environments. The protection of aluminum alloy surfaces by a graphene-modified anticorrosive coating was explored in this study by applying a graphene-modified anticorrosive coating to an aluminum alloy surface to test its resistance to corrosion. Dispersion-treated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was used to modify the epoxy resin and fluorocarbon resin. It was found, by using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the microstructure of the coating made by the Raman Spectroscopy Institute, that the addition of rGO could effectively improve the porosity of the epoxy primer, and the electrochemical workstation was able to resist the graphene-modified anticorrosive coating. The corrosion performance was quickly characterized, the polarization curve and the AC impedance curve were fitted, and it was found that the self-corrosion current density (

J

corr

) of the graphene-modified anticorrosive coating was the smallest (

1.190
×

10

−
7

A
/
c

m

2

) when 0.6% of rGO was added; the impedance modulus (

∣
Z
∣

) was the largest (104), the capacitive reactance arc radius was the largest, and the coating resistance was the largest after fitting (15517 Ω). When 0.8% of rGO was added, the dispersion coefficient was large, and it had a good physical insulation performance. The main reason for the reduction of the corrosion resistance was that the agglomeration of rGO made the aluminum alloy matrix and the external corrosive environment form a highly conductive circuit, thereby accelerating the corrosion of the aluminum alloy matrix.
Enfermedad del coronavirus 2019: la importancia del distanciamiento social
Authors: González Fernando Antonio Ignacio 
Published: October 2020

La actual pandemia de la enfermedad de coronavirus 2019 constituye una severa amenaza para las personas y la economía a nivel global. La adopción de medidas tendientes a reducir la velocidad de expansión de la pandemia es fundamental. En este trabajo se busca examinar el potencial impacto de la implementación de medidas de distanciamiento social. En particular, a partir de una reducción en la tasa de reproducción (R0) se examina su impacto sobre la dinámica de infectados y fallecidos.
Se recurre a la utilización de una extensión del modelo SIR estándar, el cual considera explícitamente a aquellas personas infectadas pero que aún no pueden transmitir la enfermedad (expuestos) y aquellos que han fallecido (fallecidos) y una tasa de reproducción decreciente en el tiempo. Este comportamiento de la tasa de reproducción reflejaría la implementación de medidas de distanciamiento a partir de diferentes especificaciones.
Los resultados sugieren que las medidas de distanciamiento contribuyen a reducir significativamente la cantidad máxima de infectados activos y fallecidos diarios. Esto es, logran aplanar las curvas de contagios y fallecimientos.
Assessment of pre- and post-operative nutritional status in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery
Authors: Castro Geórgia Alvares de , Castro Vanessa Alvares de , Patin Rose , Nogueira-de-Almeida Carlos Alberto 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The maxillofacial procedures for skeletal deformities are characterized by structural-morphological changes derived from unfavorable genetics with diagnosis performed during craniofacial growth. Orthognathic surgery requires a total restriction on chewing for 60 days, leading to loss of body weight in overweight and obese individuals, as well as in well-nourished patients. Objective: Evaluating the pre- and post-operative nutritional status of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Material and methods: This is an interventional study. The study group received supplementation with whey protein, L-arginine, L-glutamine, and fatty acid Omega-3, and both groups were assessed in terms of anthropometric and biochemical measurements. The evaluation of soft tissue healing was conducted after surgery. Results: It is possible to infer that the percentage of skeletal muscle mass tends to increase in the intervention group, however, the weight loss was greater (-4.88%). Uric acid increased post-operative in the control group (+37.64%). Conclusion: Oral nutritional supplementation used in the study seems promising for reducing the loss of skeletal muscle mass, but further studies involving a larger number of patients are needed to confirm the results.