bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Insights Into the Effects of Interleukin 6 Antagonism in Non–ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Employing the SOMAscan Proteomics Platform
Authors: George Marc J. , Kleveland Ola , Garcia‐Hernandez Jorge , Palmen Jutta , Lovering Ruth , Wiseth Rune , Aukrust Pål , Engmann Jorgen , Damås Jan Kristian , Hingorani Aroon D. , Gullestad Lars , Casas Juan P. , Ueland Thor 
Published: June 2020

Background

Interleukin 6 concentration is associated with myocardial injury, heart failure, and mortality after myocardial infarction. In the Norwegian tocilizumab non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction trial, the first randomized trial of interleukin 6 blockade in
myocardial infarction
, concentration of both C‐reactive protein and troponin T were reduced in the active treatment arm. In this follow‐up study, an aptamer‐based proteomic approach was employed to discover additional plasma proteins modulated by
tocilizumab
treatment to gain novel insights into the effects of this therapeutic approach.

Methods and Results

Plasma from
percutaneous coronary intervention–
treated patients, 24 in the active intervention and 24 in the placebo‐control arm, drawn 48 hours postrandomization were randomly selected for analysis with the
SOMA
scan assay. Employing slow off‐rate aptamers, the relative abundance of 1074 circulating proteins was measured. Proteins identified as being significantly different between groups were subsequently measured by enzyme immunoassay in the whole trial cohort (117 patients) at all time points (days 1–3 [7 time points] and 3 and 6 months). Five proteins identified by the
SOMA
scan assay, and subsequently confirmed by
enzyme immunoassay
, were significantly altered by
tocilizumab
administration. The acute‐phase proteins
lipopolysaccharide‐
binding protein, hepcidin, and insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 4 were all reduced during the hospitalization phase, as was the monocyte chemoattractant
C‐C
motif chemokine ligand 23. Proteinase 3, released primarily from neutrophils, was significantly elevated.

Conclusions

Employing the
SOMA
scan aptamer‐based proteomics platform, 5 proteins were newly identified that are modulated by interleukin 6 antagonism and may mediate the therapeutic effects of
tocilizumab
in
non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction
.
Impact of Sleep-Disordered Breathing on Functional Outcomes in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kang Dong Oh , Kim Chi Kyung , Park Yoonjee , Jang Won Young , Kim Woohyeun , Choi Jah Yeon , Roh Seung-Young , Choi Cheol Ung , Kim Eung Ju , Rha Seung-Woon , Park Chang Gyu , Seo Hong Seog , Oh Kyungmi , Na Jin Oh 
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose:
Cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) analysis is an easily assessable method to evaluate sleep-disordered breathing (SDB); however, its prognostic impact in patients with acute ischemic stroke needs to be investigated. We performed a CPC analysis using Holter monitoring at the early stage of noncardioembolic ischemic stroke to investigate the prognostic effect of SDB on functional impairment at the 3-month follow-up.

Methods:
A total 615 patients with acute noncardioembolic ischemic stroke who underwent Holter monitoring within 30 days of stroke onset were enrolled from a multicenter, prospective, all-comer cohort. CPC analysis was conducted, and SDB was defined by the presence of narrow-band coupling during sleep time. We investigated the association between SDB and functional impairment at 3 months as measured by the modified Rankin Scale.

Result:

Narrow-band coupling was present in 191 (31.1%) of 615 patients (mean age 64.5±12.6 years). The narrow-band group showed a significantly higher rate of severe functional impairment (modified Rankin Scale score >2; 45.5% versus 12.9%,
P
<0.001) and persistent disability (Δmodified Rankin Scale score ≤0; 53.9% versus 39.8%,
P
<0.001) at the 3-month follow-up. In multivariate analysis, narrow-band coupling was an independent predictor of higher risk of severe and persistent functional impairment at 3 months (odds ratio, 3.98 [95% CI, 2.34–6.78];
P
<0.001; and odds ratio, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.23–2.66];
P
<0.001, respectively). The results remained consistent after propensity-score matched analysis with 157 patient pairs (
C
-statistic=0.770).

Conclusions:
SDB assessed by CPC analysis at the early stage of ischemic stroke could predict severe and prolonged functional impairment at 3 months. CPC analysis using Holter monitoring can help predicting functional impairment in acute ischemic stroke.
Acute Stroke in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hoyer Carolin , Ebert Anne , Huttner Hagen B. , Puetz Volker , Kallmünzer Bernd , Barlinn Kristian , Haverkamp Christian , Harloff Andreas , Brich Jochen , Platten Michael , Szabo Kristina 
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose:
This study aims to assess the number of patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular events seeking in-patient medical emergency care since the implementation of social distancing measures in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods:
In this retrospective multicenter study, data on the number of hospital admissions due to acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and numbers of reperfusion therapies performed in weeks 1 to 15 of 2020 and 2019 were collected in 4 German academic stroke centers. Poisson regression was used to test for a change in admission rates before and after the implementation of extensive social distancing measures in week 12 of 2020. The analysis of anonymized regional mobility data allowed for correlations between changes in public mobility as measured by the number and length of trips taken and hospital admission for stroke/transient ischemic attack.

Results:
Only little variation of admission rates was observed before and after week 11 in 2019 and between the weeks 1 and 11 of 2019 and 2020. However, reflecting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant decrease in the number of admissions for transient ischemic attack was observed (−85%, −46%, −42%) in 3 of 4 centers, while in 2 of 4 centers, stroke admission rates decreased significantly by 40% and 46% after week 12 in 2020. A relevant effect on reperfusion therapies was found for 1 center only (thrombolysis, −60%; thrombectomy, −61%). Positive correlations between number of ischemic events and mobility measures in the corresponding cities were identified for 3 of 4 centers.

Conclusions:
These data demonstrate and quantify decreasing hospital admissions due to ischemic cerebrovascular events and suggest that this may be a consequence of social distancing measures, in particular because hospital resources for acute stroke care were not limited during this period. Hence, raising public awareness is necessary to avoid serious healthcare and economic consequences of undiagnosed and untreated strokes and transient ischemic attacks.
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Otology: A State of the Art Review
Authors: You Eunice , Lin Vincent , Mijovic Tamara , Eskander Antoine , Crowson Matthew G. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveRecent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are driving innovative new health care solutions. We aim to review the state of the art of AI in otology and provide a discussion of work underway, current limitations, and future directions.Data SourcesTwo comprehensive databases, MEDLINE and EMBASE, were mined using a directed search strategy to identify all articles that applied AI to otology.Review MethodsAn initial abstract and title screening was completed. Exclusion criteria included nonavailable abstract and full text, language, and nonrelevance. References of included studies and relevant review articles were cross‐checked to identify additional studies.ConclusionThe database search identified 1374 articles. Abstract and title screening resulted in full‐text retrieval of 96 articles. A total of N = 38 articles were retained. Applications of AI technologies involved the optimization of hearing aid technology (n = 5; 13% of all articles), speech enhancement technologies (n = 4; 11%), diagnosis and management of vestibular disorders (n = 11; 29%), prediction of sensorineural hearing loss outcomes (n = 9; 24%), interpretation of automatic brainstem responses (n = 5; 13%), and imaging modalities and image‐processing techniques (n = 4; 10%). Publication counts of the included articles from each decade demonstrated a marked increase in interest in AI in recent years.Implications for PracticeThis review highlights several applications of AI that otologists and otolaryngologists alike should be aware of given the possibility of implementation in mainstream clinical practice. Although there remain significant ethical and regulatory challenges, AI powered systems offer great potential to shape how healthcare systems of the future operate and clinicians are key stakeholders in this process.
Outcomes of Dog Bite Avulsion Injury Reconstruction With Urinary Bladder Matrix
Authors: Ong Adrian A. , Nagy Ryan , Fincham Michelle R. , Nagy Mark L. 
Published: June 2020

Dog bite avulsion injuries of the head and neck are difficult to manage in pediatric patients. This study assesses the outcomes of using porcine urinary bladder extracellular matrix (UBM) for reconstruction of these complete avulsion injuries. Five male pediatric patients underwent reconstruction using UBM. Two (40%) patients underwent reconstruction of the nose; the other 3 patients underwent reconstruction of the forehead, forehead/glabella, and auricle. The average size of the avulsion defect was 7.0 ± 2.4 cm2. No patient developed wound dehiscence, graft loss, or wound infection. Four (80%) patients received pulsed dye laser treatment to improve wound cosmesis. Use of UBM is a safe and effective reconstructive option after dog bite avulsion injuries of the head and neck. Given the advantages of convenient availability and avoidance of donor site morbidity, UBM can be considered for reconstruction of posttraumatic avulsion injuries or Mohs defects.
The effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for improving upper limb spasticity and functionality in stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cabanas-Valdés Rosa , Serra-Llobet Pol , Rodriguez-Rubio Pere Ramón , López-de–Celis Carlos , Llauró-Fores Mercé , Calvo-Sanz Jordi 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for reducing spasticity and improving functionality of the upper limb in stroke survivors. Data sources: A systematic review of MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PEDro, REHABDATA, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, Tripdatabase and Epistemonikos from 1980 to April 2020 was carried out. Review methods: The bibliography was screened to identify randomized controlled clinical trials that applied extracorporeal shock waves to upper limb spastic muscles in post-stroke individuals. Two reviewers independently screened references, selected relevant studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the PEDro scale. The primary outcome was spasticity and functionality of the upper limb. Results: A total of 1,103 studies were identified and 16 randomized controlled trials were finally included (764 individuals) were analyzed. A meta-analysis was performed and a beneficial effect on spasticity was found. The mean difference (MD) on the Modified Ashworth Scale for comparison extracorporeal shock wave versus sham was −0.28; with a 95% confidence interval (CI) from −0.54 to −0.03. The MD of the comparison of extracorporeal shock wave plus conventional physiotherapy versus conventional physiotherapy was −1.78; 95% CI from −2.02 to −1.53. The MD for upper limb motor-function using the Fugl Meyer Assessment was 0.94; 95% CI from 0.42 to 1.47 in the short term and 0.97; 95% CI from 0.19 to 1.74 in the medium term. Conclusion: The extracorporeal shock wave therapy is effective for reducing upper limb spasticity. Adding it to conventional therapy provides an additional benefit.
Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Factors Among Night School Students in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Yilkal Tiruneh , Asemahagn Mulusew Andualem , Awoke Tadesse 
Published: June 2020

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continued to be a global public health concern, primarily among adolescents in poor socioeconomic countries. This study was aimed to assess knowledge, practice, and associated factors of night school students to prevent STIs in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 students randomly selected from night schools. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 16 software. Descriptive statistics were used to describe study variables. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with knowledge about STI and its prevention. The strengths of associations were described using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval and a P-value of less than 0.05. Results: A total of 420 consented students were enrolled into the study. More than half, 420 (57.9%), and three-fourths, 332 (79%), of the students were women and married. Only 24.8% and 12.4% of the students had good knowledge and practice on the prevention of STIs, respectively. Age, educational status, information access, school health education, and consistent use of condoms were factors associated with the knowledge of students about STIs. Similarly, age, sex, knowledge about STIs, and discussion with families were factors of STI prevention practice among night school students. Conclusions: Giving special attention to awareness creation, information access, discussion with families, and improving family/individual income is vital to prevent STIs and its impact among night school students.
Innovation heterogeneity in family firms: Evidence from the date industry in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alrubaishi Dalal , Alarifi Ghadah , McAdam Maura 
Published: June 2020

Researchers have argued that family firm innovation is paradoxical in nature, in that family firms often display less innovation than their nonfamily counterparts, yet they are able to be more innovative. The aim of this article is to unpack this paradox by exploring how differences in family firms’ ability (discretion and resources) and willingness (economic and noneconomic) affect their innovation activities. We adopt a qualitative, interpretive methodology based on four case studies of Saudi family firms operating in the indigenous date industry. Our findings emphasize the importance of having all four sources of ability and willingness in order for innovation to occur and how, when the new generation enters the business, the family firm’s innovation posture changes to either ‘lagging’ or ‘reviving’. By exploring innovation in the date sector in Saudi Arabia, we contribute to the ability–willingness paradox by distinguishing between the different sources of ability and willingness and add to an emerging narrative that acknowledges the integration of past knowledge with new innovative practices as an important and unique mechanism by which family firms can harness innovation.
Tai Chi exercise for psychological well-being among adults with cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Taylor-Piliae Ruth E , Finley Brooke A 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Regular exercise is beneficial for adults with cardiovascular disease to improve psychological well-being. Tai Chi is a mind–body exercise thought to promote psychological well-being.

Aim:
Examine the efficacy of Tai Chi in improving psychological well-being among persons with cardiovascular disease.

Methods:
An electronic literature search of 10 databases (AMED, CINAHL, Embase, OpenGrey, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science) was conducted. Clinical trials that examined one or more aspect of psychological well-being, incorporated a Tai Chi intervention among cardiovascular disease participants, and were published in English or German languages were included. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 software (Biostat, Inc.) was used to calculate the effect sizes (i.e. Hedges’ g) and the 95% confidence intervals using random effects models.

Results:
A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, enrolling 1853 participants (mean age = 66 years old, 44% women). Outcomes included: quality of life (QOL), stress, anxiety, depression, and psychological distress. When Tai Chi was compared with controls, significantly better general QOL (Hedges’ g 0.96; p=0.02, I2=94.99%), mental health QOL (Hedges’ g=0.20; p=0.01, I2=15.93) and physical health QOL (Hedges’ g=0.40; p=0.00, I2=0%); with less depression (Hedges’ g=0.69; p=0.00, I2=86.64%) and psychological distress (Hedges’ g=0.58; p=0.00, I2=0%) were found.

Conclusions:
Few Tai Chi studies have been conducted during the past decade examining psychological well-being among older adults with cardiovascular disease. Further research is needed with more rigorous study designs, adequate Tai Chi exercise doses, and carefully chosen outcome measures that assess the mechanisms as well as the effects of Tai Chi.
Arthroscopic thermal stabilization for distal radioulnar joint instability: 3 to 19 years follow-up
Authors: Helsper Elizabeth A. , Frantz Lisa M. , Adams Jessica M. , Morris Harry A. , Hearon Bernard F. 
Published: June 2020

This retrospective study investigated the clinical outcomes of patients treated for chronic distal radioulnar joint instability with arthroscopic thermal annealing of the superficial radioulnar ligaments, ulnar palmar wrist ligaments, and dorsoulnar wrist capsule using a radiofrequency probe. Sixty patients (62 wrists) were treated over an 18-year period. At mean follow-up of 10 years (range 3 to 19), 30 of 33 patients were satisfied with their surgical outcomes. There were statistically significant improvements in ulnar-sided wrist pain on a visual analogue scale and in distal radioulnar joint stability on the dorsopalmar stress test after surgery compared with preoperative status. The modified Mayo Wrist Score and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score of the patients were favourable. Early failure occurred in 11 of 62 wrists. Nine of these 11 wrists needed a secondary procedure. We conclude that arthroscopic thermal shrinkage is effective for the majority of the patients with mild to moderate chronic distal radioulnar joint instability in long-term follow-up. Secondary open ligament reconstruction is an option in the case of early failure. Level of evidence: IV
Reduction in inequalities in health insurance coverage and healthcare utilization among older adults in the Philippines after mandatory national health insurance coverage: trend analysis for 2003–2017
Authors: Siongco Kathryn Lizbeth Lucena , Nakamura Keiko , Seino Kaoruko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Health policies in the Philippines have evolved in response to increasing health demands of older adults. However, there is a lack of research on equity among the ageing population in low-middle income countries. The objective of this study was to identify the trends in National Health Insurance Program (NHIP) coverage and healthcare utilization among older adults in the Philippines for the period from 2003 to 2017, during which NHIP expansion policies were implemented, focusing on reductions in socio-economic inequalities.

Methods
A literature search of policies for older adults and an analysis of four Philippine National Demographic and Health Surveys (2003, 2008, 2013, and 2017) with data from 25,217 older adults who were 60 years or older were performed. The major outcome variables were NHIP coverage, self-reported illness, outpatient healthcare utilization, and inpatient healthcare utilization. Inequalities in NHIP coverage and healthcare utilization according to wealth were evaluated by calculating the concentration index for individual years, followed by a regression-based decomposition analysis.

Results
NHIP coverage among older adults increased from 9.4 (2003) to 87.6% (2017). Although inequalities according to wealth quintile were observed in all four surveys (all P < 0.001), the concentration index declined from 0.3000 (2003) to 0.0247 (2017), showing reduced inequalities in NHIP coverage over time as observed for self-reported illness and healthcare utilization. NHIP coverage expansion for older adults in 2014 enabled equal opportunity for access to healthcare.

Conclusion
The passage of mandatory NHIP coverage for older Filipino adults in 2014 was followed by a reduction in inequality in NHIP coverage and healthcare utilization according to wealth.
Substitution Mapping of the Major Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Stigma Exsertion Rate from Oryza glumaepatula
Authors: Tan Quanya , Zou Tuo , Zheng Mingmin , Ni Yuerong , Luan Xin , Li Xiaohui , Yang Weifeng , Yang Zifeng , Zhu Haitao , Zeng Ruizhen , Liu Guifu , Wang Shaokui , Fu Xuelin , Zhang Guiquan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a key determinant for the outcrossing ability of male sterility lines (MSLs) in hybrid rice seed production. In the process of domestication, the outcrossing ability of cultivated rice varieties decreased, while that of wild Oryza species kept strong. Here, we detected the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling SER using a set of single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) derived from O. glumaepatula, a wild Oryza species.

Results
Seven QTLs for SER were located on 5 chromosomes. qSER-1a and qSER-1b were located on chromosome 1. qSER-3a and qSER-3b were mapped on chromosome 3, and qSER-3b was further located at an estimated interval of 898.8 kb by secondary substitution mapping. qSER-5, qSER-9 and qSER-10 were identified on chromosomes 5, 9 and 10, respectively, and qSER-9 was delimited to an estimated region of 551.9 kb by secondary substitution mapping. The additive effects of the 7 QTLs ranged from 10.6% to 14.8%, which were higher than those of most loci for SER reported previously.

Conclusions
qSER-1a and qSER-1b are novel loci for SER on chromosome 1. All of the 7 QTLs have major effects on SER. The major QTLs of SER will help to develop MSLs with strong outcrossing ability.