bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congenital hyperinsulinism due to compound heterozygous mutations in ABCC8 responsive to diazoxide therapy
Authors: Taylor-Miller Tashunka , Houghton Jayne , Munyard Paul , Kumar Yadlapalli , Puvirajasinghe Clinda , Giri Dinesh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundCongenital hyperinsulinism (CHI), a condition characterized by dysregulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cells, remains one of the most common causes of hyperinsulinemic, hypoketotic hypoglycemia in the newborn period. Mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11 constitute the majority of genetic forms of CHI.Case presentationA term macrosomic male baby, birth weight 4.81 kg, born to non-consanguineous parents, presented on day 1 of life with severe and persistent hypoglycemia. The biochemical investigations confirmed a diagnosis of CHI. Diazoxide was started and progressively increased to 15 mg/kg/day to maintain normoglycemia. Sequence analysis identified compound heterozygous mutations in ABCC8 c.4076C>T and c.4119+1G>A inherited from the unaffected father and mother, respectively. The mutations are reported pathogenic. The patient is currently 7 months old with a sustained response to diazoxide.ConclusionsBiallelic ABCC8 mutations are known to result in severe, diffuse, diazoxide-unresponsive hypoglycemia. We report a rare patient with CHI due to compound heterozygous mutations in ABCC8 responsive to diazoxide.
Enzyme inhibitory assessment of the isolated constituents fromPlantago holosteumScop.
Authors: Guragac Dereli F. Tugce , Genc Yasin , Saracoglu Iclal , Kupeli Akkol Esra 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPlants of thePlantagogenus are widely used in Turkish folk medicine especially for the treatment of wound, abscess, and inflammation. The aqueous extract and five phenylethanoid glycosides acteoside (1), arenarioside (2), echinacoside (3), isoacteoside (4), and leucosceptoside A (5) isolated from the aerial parts and roots ofPlantago holosteumScop. (Plantaginaceae) were tested for their possible inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase, elastase, and collagenase, related to wound pathogenesis. Even though the aqueous extract prepared from the aerial parts (36.26%) and roots (47.01%) and the isolated compounds acteoside (29.13%), echinacoside (28.73%), and isoacteoside (31.69%) exerted a notable inhibition, arenarioside and leucosceptoside A were found inactive in the hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition test. Similar results were obtained from the collagenase enzyme inhibition test. The aqueous extract prepared from the aerial parts (31.09%) and roots (35.17%), echinacoside (25.13%), and isoacteoside (23.85%) exerted a notable inhibition in this test. However, none of the extracts and isolated compounds displayed elastase enzyme inhibitory activity. The experimental data demonstrated thatP. holosteumdisplayed a remarkable enzyme inhibitory activity against hyaluronidase and collagenase. This paper is the first report regarding the in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity ofP. holosteum.
Decoding Task-Specific Cognitive States with Slow, Directed Functional Networks in the Human Brain
Authors: Ajmera Shagun , Jain Hritik , Sundaresan Mali , Sridharan Devarajan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFlexible functional interactions among brain regions mediate critical cognitive functions. Such interactions can be measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data either with instantaneous (zero-lag) or lag-based (time-lagged) functional connectivity. Because the fMRI hemodynamic response is slow, and is sampled at a timescale (seconds) several orders of magnitude slower than the underlying neural dynamics (milliseconds), simulation studies have shown that lag-based fMRI functional connectivity, measured with approaches like Granger–Geweke causality (GC), provides spurious and unreliable estimates of underlying neural interactions. Experimental verification of this claim is challenging because neural ground truth connectivity is often unavailable concurrently with fMRI recordings. Here we demonstrate that, despite these widely held caveats, GC networks estimated from fMRI recordings contain useful information for classifying task-specific cognitive states. We estimated instantaneous and lag-based GC functional connectivity networks using fMRI data from 1000 participants (Human Connectome Project database). A linear classifier, trained on either instantaneous or lag-based GC, reliably discriminated among seven different task and resting brain states, with >80% cross-validation accuracy. With network simulations, we demonstrate that instantaneous and lag-based GC exploited interactions at fast and slow timescales, respectively, to achieve robust classification. With human fMRI data, instantaneous and lag-based GC identified complementary, task–core networks. Finally, variations in GC connectivity explained inter-individual variations in a variety of cognitive scores. Our findings show that instantaneous and lag-based methods reveal complementary aspects of functional connectivity in the brain, and suggest that slow, directed functional interactions, estimated with fMRI, may provide useful markers of behaviorally relevant cognitive states.
РОЗВИТОК ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ СВІДОМОСТІ НА ЕТАПІ НАВЧАННЯ У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ: СПРОБА КОНЦЕПТУАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Омельченко Марина 
Published: April 2020

Дана стаття присвячена проблемі пошуку детермінант професійного розвитку особистості на етапі професійної підготовки. Особливу увагу авторка приділяє процесу розвитку професійної свідомості, обґрунтовує його вирішальну роль у становленні особистості майбутнього фахівця, оскільки саме цей процес визначає формування індивідуального стилю діяльності людини, розвиток професійної творчості й прогресивних поглядів, формування інтересів, цінностей, мотивів, рефлексії. Підкреслюється актуальність проблеми структуризації професійної свідомості, визначення її місця і значення в механізмі професійного розвитку особистості. Встановлено й інші фактори професійного розвитку особистості – професійно-особистісні якості й професійна компетентність, обґрунтовано їхню взаємообумовленість. На основі науко­вого аналізу структури професійної свідомості та її складових компонентів – когнітивного, реф­лек­сивного, аксіологічного, мотиваційного, афективного блоків визначено відповідні напрямки розвитку професійної свідомості та їхні показники: усвідомлення професійної дійсності; становлення професійного «Я»; усвідомлене оцінювання себе як фахівця; усвідомлення професійних цінностей; визначення свідомих професійних мотивів; усвідомлене переживання професійних емоцій; усвідомлене уникнення професійних стресів і вигорання. На основі виділених детермінант професійного розвитку (становлення професійно-особистісних якостей і професійної компетентності фахівця), а також напрямків розвитку професійної свідомості розроблено й представлено авторську модель становлення професійної свідомості фахівця. Отримані шляхом аналітичного огляду літератури дані дозволяють перейти до наступного етапу – дослідження механізмів розвитку професійної свідомості з метою розроблення відповідних ефективних тренінгових програм і оптимізації процесу професійної підготовки фахівців у закладах вищої освіти
Caracterización de la exposición prenatal de un grupo de niños de 0 a 5 años con cardiopatía congénita atendidos en Cali, Colombia. La importancia del ácido fólico
Authors: Ramírez-Cheyne Julián 
Published: April 2020

Introducción. Con una prevalencia estimada de 4 a 9 casos por cada 1 000 nacimientos, las cardiopatías congénitas (CC) tienen gran impacto en la morbimortalidad pediátrica. La variabilidad de prevalencia se ha atribuido a diferencias regionales en cuanto a factores genéticos, ambientales, entre otros.Objetivo. Obtener datos sobre variables de exposición prenatales de pacientes con CC atendidos en Cali, Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se aplicó una encuesta a las madres de 30 pacientes de 0 a 5 años con CC atendidos en 2 clínicas de alta complejidad (tercer y cuarto nivel) de Cali. La encuesta estaba orientada a múltiples variables de exposición y la información recolectada fue digitalizada en una base de datos en el programa Microsoft Excel para hacer un análisis estadístico descriptivo.Resultados. Se evidenciaron varias exposiciones potencialmente asociadas a CC, tales como índice de masa corporal alterado, administración inadecuada de suplementos de ácido fólico y exposición a vitamina A, rayos X, alcohol y cigarrillo.Conclusión. El consumo insuficiente o inoportuno de ácido fólico podría facilitar la generación de efectos teratogénicos de sustancias oxidantes. Por lo tanto, se debe educar a las mujeres de Cali sobre la importancia de una ingesta adecuada de ácido fólico y sobre los riesgos de la exposición a agentes teratogénicos durante el embarazo para reducir las tasas de incidencia de CC en esta ciudad.
Detección de anticuerpos IgA antitransglutaminasa tisular (IgA-TGT) en niños con diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Authors: Ladino Liliana , León Adriana , Quintero Oscar , Vázquez Rodrigo , Veloza Angélica , Céspedes Camila 
Published: April 2020

Introducción. Los niños con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) tienen mayor probabilidad de desarrollar enfermedad celiaca (EC), la cual es una condición subdiagnosticada debido a que su presentación clínica varía; por lo tanto, es necesario monitorear periódicamente a esta población con el objetivo de diagnosticar a tiempo la EC.Objetivos. Identificar la positividad para la detección de anticuerpos IgA antitransglutaminasa tisular (IgA-TGT) en población pediátrica con DM1, así como describir los síntomas gastrointestinales (SGI), los indicadores antropométricos y los niveles de ingesta de gluten.Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. La población estuvo compuesta por niños con DM1 que asistieron al servicio de consulta externa en un centro de endocrinología pediátrica en Bogotá D.C., Colombia. Para detectar la presencia de IgA-TGT se aplicó el test BiocardTM Celiac®. Además, se indagó sobre los SGI y se realizó valoración nutricional antropométrica de los participantes. Para evaluar la ingesta de gluten se llevó a cabo un registro dietético de 72 horas. El análisis estadístico de los datos se realizó con el programa SPSS versión 22.0.Resultados. La muestra final estuvo compuesta por 45 niños con una edad promedio de 10.6±4.1 años, de los cuales 53% eran varones. Ninguno de los pacientes presentó positividad cualitativa en el test aplicado para detección de IgA-TGT. Los SGI más frecuentes fueron flatulencias (48.9%) y dolor abdominal (28.9%). Solo en 3 niños (6.7%) se observó talla baja con respecto a su edad. La ingesta promedio de gluten fue 5.29±3.02 g/día.Conclusiones. Pese a que los niños con DM1 tienen mayor riesgo de desarrollar EC, ninguno de los participantes presentó positividad para IgA-TGT.
Comorbidity of hypertension and chronic venous disease in men
Authors: Baev V. M. , Vagapov T. F. , Shmeleva S. A. 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study the clinical manifestations and characteristics of lower extremity chronic venous disorders (CVD) in working-age men with hypertension (HTN).Material and methods. The study included 74 men with HTN at the age of 30-50 years and 41 men without HTN. HTN duration and regularity of antihypertensive medication intake were studied. We analyzed complaints and objective signs associated with CVD, their severity, structural and functional parameters of superficial, deep and perforator veins of the lower extremities using the triplex ultrasound. The prevalence and severity of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with HTN and CVD and patients with HTN and without CVD were analyzed.Results. Men aged 30-50 with HTN showed a high prevalence of complaints (68%) associated with CVD: evening heaviness and fullness in the legs; pain decrease at rest; a combination of pain, spasm and swelling in long-time standing. Objective signs of CVD were recorded in 83,8% of men with HTN (most often — telangiectasia (38%) and swelling (24%)). Men with HTN were diagnosed with more severe manifestations of CVD than men without HTN. In patients with HTN, episodic pain and evening perimalleolar swelling were 1,8 and 4 times more likely, respectively, than in men without HTN. The presence of CVD and HTN was not associated with cardiovascular risk factors. HTN in men was characterized by a large-diameter veins, pathological reflux, vein tortuosity, the presence of thrombotic masses and postthrombotic lesions. In patients with HTN, along with an increased blood flow velocity in the deep and perforator veins of the lower leg, a low velocity in the deep femoral veins was observed. This is the evidence of venous insufficiency even at rest. Orthostasis in men with HTN increased the frequency of reflux in superficial veins by 2-4 times, which proves latent venous insufficiency.Conclusion. HTN is characterized by an increase in the frequency and severity of symptoms and signs of CVD, which indicates their comorbidity.
Atrial fibrillation and CHA2DS2VASc score of 1 - is there a problem in clinical practice?
Authors: Baranova E. I. , Pavlova V. A. , Ionin V. A. , Petrischeva E. Yu. , Bliznuk O. I. , Zaslavskaya E. L. , Ma I. , Skuridin D. S. , Shlakhto E. V. 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study the incidence of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1 in actual clinical practice, to determine the major and minor risk factors of thromboembolism and the frequency of oral anticoagulant therapy in these patients.Material and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of 6575 medical records of patients hospitalized for five years in a therapeutic inpatient unit. To determine the stroke risk, major and minor modifying factors were assessed.Results. Of 1160 patients with nonvalvular AF, 93 (8,0%) patients had a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1: hypertension (87,1%), heart failure (4,3%), vascular diseases (4,3%), diabetes (2,15%) and age 65-74 years (2,2%); minor modifying factors were as follows: left atrial (LA) dilatation (81,7%), obesity (40,9%), persistent/permanent AF (37,6%), proteinuria (26,9%), chronic kidney disease (3,2%). A combination of minor risk factors was observed in 61,3%, the most common of which were obesity, LA dilatation, persistent/permanent AF. Anticoagulants were prescribed to 72% of patients with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1.Conclusion. In actual clinical practice, patients with nonvalvular AF with a CHA2DS2VASc score of 1 are often found. The most common risk factors for stroke in these patients are hypertension, persistent or permanent AF, LA dilatation, and obesity. The use of anticoagulant therapy in these patients does not contradict current guidelines. However, further prospective follow-up is necessary to determine the effectiveness and safety of this therapy.
El ritual de purificación-eliminación: similitudes y diferencias entre los rituales Hebreo e Hitita
Authors: Asmat Chávez David 
Published: April 2020

“El ritual de purificación-eliminación: similitudes y diferencias entre los rituales hebreo e hitita” — La presente investigación analiza las similitudes y el contraste entre las prácticas rituales de purificación-eliminación entre la cultura hebrea e hitita. Sabido es que en el culto hebreo, el concepto de purificación-eliminación es mostrado en forma prominente como parte del ritual del Yom Kipppur (Día de la Expiación) y a través del macho cabrío para Azazel (Lev 16:8, 10, 26), en tanto que entre los hititas, el ritual de mayor paralelo señalado es con el ritual de Puliša (ritual por la plaga). El artículo examina la propuesta que supone que el ritual hebreo se haya originado en el hitita haciendo una evaluación detallada de cada uno de los participantes, elementos y funciones rituales, buscando identificar el rol específico de cada elementov
Potansiyel doksorubisin taşıyıcı sistemi olarak PEG-endozom parçalayıcı peptit konjugatının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞEN Selin , TOP Ayben 
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmada, PEG ile konjuge edilmiş TAT türevi peptit (G2RQR3QR3G2S)
bazlı doksorubisin (DOX) taşıyıcı sisteminin geliştirilmesi ve taşıyıcı
sistemin ilaç salım, kendiliğinden düzenlenme ve stabilite özelliklerinin
incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX olarak isimlendirilen ilaç taşıyıcı
sisteminin hazırlanmasında moleküler ağırlığı 1900 Da olan metoksipolietilen
glikol (mPEG) kullanılmıştır ve DOX, taşıyıcı moleküllere asit parçalanabilir
oksim bağı ile bağlanmıştır. Peptidin, taşıyıcı sistemin fizikokimyasal ve DOX
salım özelliklerine etkisini değerlendirmek için peptit içermeyen kontrol ilaç
taşıyıcı sistemi de (mPEG-oksim-DOX) sentezlenmiştir. mPEG-oksim-DOX, 54 h
sonunda pH 5,0 ve pH 7,4’te sırasıyla yaklaşık % 68 ve % 28 DOX salımı ile pH
programlı bir DOX salımı sergilemiştir. Diğer taraftan, mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX için
her iki pH değerinde de oldukça düşük DOX salımı (% ~10-15) elde edilmiştir. Bu davranışın nedeni DOX ile peptit
arasındaki muhtemel etkileşimler olarak öngörülmüştür. mPEG-oksim-DOX’in başlangıçtaki
medyan boyut değeri (D50) pH’tan bağımsız, ~24 nm olarak
ölçülmüştür. Buna karşın, mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX için, peptit dizinindeki
arjininler arasındaki itme kuvvetleri nedeniyle, oldukça düşük D50 değerleri
(pH 5,0 ve pH 7,4 için sırasıyla ~3 nm and ~6 nm) elde edilmiştir. Her iki ilaç
taşıyıcı sisteminin boyutları fizyolojik koşullarda 1 gün boyunca inkübasyon
sonunda artma eğilimi göstermiş ve mPEG-peptit-oksim-DOX ve mPEG-oksim-DOX
sistemlerinin stabilitesini artırmak için daha uzun PEG zincirlerinin
kulllanılmasının gerekli olduğu öngörülmüştür.
COVID-19: an Indian perspective
Authors: Kadambi Prahlad 
Published: April 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is currently spreading globally rapidly. The World Health Organization (WHO) named the virus as the 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) on January 7, 2020. On February 11th 2020, the illness associated was named as 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Subsequently, the WHO declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. The first case of COVID-19 was reported in India on 30 January 2020 in Thrissur, Kerala. This was the index case in India who tested positive after coming for a vacation. This individual was a student of the University of Wuhan. Subsequent cases were reported in Kerala. Subsequently, the number of cases in India increased to 519 as on 24th March 2020 with mortality in 7 patients as on 22nd March 2020 and 10 patients on 24th March 2020.
Study of work postures and ergonomic interventions at the Pvc Pipe Fittings Manufacturing Company
Authors: Asgari Mahsa , Halvani Gholamhosein , Zarinkafsh Majid 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent in work environments. Performing programs to identify and control the risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders and to carry out corrective actions to improve working conditions is important because of the impact on the health of the workforce.Methods: In this study, the presence of various shifts in the operating rooms and the training and justification of the employees of this department regarding its study and its objectives, the steps of the work of the operating room staff in various occupations were observed and existing documents and guidelines were reviewed. The main steps, including hierarchical analyzes of businesses, identifying errors in terms of each task and sub task, completing other parts of the work sheet, and determining the probability of human error and providing the prioritized control strategies in the next steps, was carried out.
Results: Based on the results of Nordic questionnaire, age, work experience and higher weight were associated with musculoskeletal pain in most of the organs. Also taller was associated with back and waist pain and older age with pain and discomfort in the palms, knees and ankles (p <0.05). Based on the results of posture assessment, RULA 2 has a risk level of 4, 2 tasks Risk level 3 and 2 were risk level 2, which after the implementation of the interventions, a number of risk levels were eliminated in general and a number decreased.
Conclusion: Despite the high risk of musculoskeletal disorders in this industry, ergonomic interventions reduced risk to the desired level.
Um possível diálogo entre a Escola dos Annales & a análise de conteúdo em pesquisas históricas
Authors: Silva Fabrícia Carla de Albuquerque , Diógenes Elione Maria Nogueira , Ferreira Deyvid Braga 
Published: April 2020

O questionamento que norteia este estudo pode ser assim delineado: Como dialogam Escola dos Annales e a Análise de Conteúdo em pesquisas de caráter histórico? A partir dessa questão, a estrutura narrativa traz aproximações epistemológicas entre ambas as escolhas metodológicas e tece problematizações relativas às desconfianças e resistências no entorno das mesmas. Foram consultados estudiosos que tratam da Interdisciplinaridade, Pesquisa em Educação, Análise de Conteúdo, Método e Teorias Históricas. A discussão compreendeu: O lugar da pesquisa histórica/historiográfica; Escola dos Annales e Análise de Conteúdo nas pesquisas qualitativas e a busca do implícito nas fontes. Por fim, o estudo sublinhou possibilidades de diálogo entre Escola dos Annales e Análise de Conteúdo.
From Acceptance to “Othering”: An Analysis of Swedish Changing Identity towards the Refugees and Muslim Minority Groups
Authors: Dharmaputra Radityo , Felayati Reza Akbar , Suhito Yohanes Putra 
Published: April 2020

By using the case study of Sweden and the momentum of the refugee crisis in Europe, this research attempts to analyse the extent to which the shifting practice of Swedish policy towards the refugees (as signified by the new 2016 law prohibiting/restricting the entrance of refugees) might prompt some forms of core identity changes related to immigrant and minority groups. Using the poststructuralism as the central perspective on identity, we argue that the flow of refugee during the crisis in 2015-2016 could be classified as an external shock which then compelled a changing practice of Swedish refugee policy. We then try to show the relationship between changing practice and changing identity discourse by tracing the dynamics of the attitude and perception from both the Swedish government and society regarding the refugees and the Muslim minority groups in Sweden. By analysing the main texts in Swedish identity discourses and the media/public discourses, we found that the changing policy reconstitutes (albeit slowly) the identity of Sweden in “othering” the refugees and Muslim minority groups. This kind of “Self/Other” relationship was different from the condition before and during the early days of the refugee crisis.Keywords: the European refugee crisis, Sweden, Muslim Minority Groups, Post-Structuralism, Changing Practices/Discourses. Dengan menggunakan studi kasus Swedia dan momentum krisis pengungsi di Eropa, penelitian ini berupaya menganalisis sejauh mana praktik pergeseran kebijakan Swedia terhadap para pengungsi (sebagaimana ditandai oleh undang-undang baru tahun 2016 yang melarang atau membatasi pintu masuk bagi pengungsi) mungkin mendorong beberapa bentuk perubahan identitas inti yang terkait dengan kelompok imigran dan minoritas. Dengan menggunakan poststrukturalisme sebagai perspektif utama tentang identitas, penulis berpendapat bahwa masuknya pengungsi selama krisis pada tahun 2015-2016 dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai guncangan eksternal yang kemudian mendorong perubahan kebijakan kebijakan pengungsi Swedia. Kami kemudian mencoba menunjukkan hubungan antara praktik yang berubah dan perubahan diskursus identitas dengan menelusuri dinamika tingkah laku dan persepsi dari pemerintah Swedia dan masyarakat terhadap pengungsi dan kelompok minoritas Muslim di Swedia. Dengan menganalisis teks-teks utama dalam diskursus identitas Swedia dan diskursus media atau publik, penulis menemukan bahwa kebijakan yang berubah merekonstruksi (walaupun perlahan-lahan) identitas Swedia dalam "othering" para pengungsi dan kelompok minoritas Muslim. Hubungan “self/other” semacam ini berbeda dengan kondisi sebelum dan selama masa-masa awal krisis pengungsi. Kata-kata kunci: Krisis pengungsi Eropa, Swedia, Kelompok Minoritas Muslim, Post-structuralism, perubahan praktik/diskursus.