bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separate but Faithful
Authors: Hollis-Brusky Amanda , Wilson Joshua C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
While the Christian Right has long voiced grave concerns about the Supreme Court and cases such as Roe v. Wade, until recently its cultivation of the resources needed to effectively enter the courtroom had paled in comparison with its efforts in more traditional political arenas. A small constellation of high-profile leaders within the Christian Right began to address this imbalance in earnest in the pivot from the twentieth to the twenty-first century, investing in an array of institutions aimed at radically transforming American law and legal culture. Separate But Faithful is the first in-depth examination of these efforts—their causes, contours, and consequences. Drawing on an impressive amount of original data from a variety of sources, the book examines the conditions that gave rise to a set of distinctly “Christian Worldview” law schools and legal institutions. Further, the book analyzes their institutional missions and cultural makeup and evaluates their transformative impacts on law and legal culture to date. Separate But Faithful finds that this movement, while struggling to influence the legal and political mainstream, has succeeded in establishing a resilient Christian conservative beacon of resistance: a separate but faithful space from which to incrementally challenge the dominant legal culture by training and credentialing, in the words of Jerry Falwell, “a generation of Christian attorneys who could . . . infiltrate the legal profession with a strong commitment to the Judeo-Christian ethic.”
The Frankfurter Adage (or, Why Legal Movements Need Support Structures)
Authors: Hollis-Brusky Amanda , Wilson Joshua C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Aggregating insights from Support Structure Theory and introducing others based on original research, this chapter introduces the Support Structure Pyramid. This is a model for conceptualizing litigation-based movement support structures, institutions, and their relationship to legal change. Additionally, this chapter presents three support structure types or strategies—infiltration, supplemental, and parallel alternative. Each of these strategies represents a different way to approach the problem of organizational or institutional creation. This typology of strategies is a way of understanding and contextualizing the choices and initial decisions of Christian Right movement leaders and patrons when they decided to consciously invest in institution building as a means of bolstering the legal support structure for their movement.
The Genesis of the Christian Conservative Legal Movement and the Road Not Taken
Authors: Hollis-Brusky Amanda , Wilson Joshua C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter addresses larger political contexts, conditions, actors, and institutions that gave rise to the modern Christian Right and the Christian Conservative Legal Movement. In relaying this history, the chapter discusses how and why the Christian Right first invested in traditional politics and then later moved to develop Christian conservative public interest legal organizations. This history is then used to explain the deficiencies in the Christian Right’s initial legal support structures, and why they moved to found Christian conservative law schools and legal training programs. Central to the decision to create new institutions was Christian conservatives’ long-standing mistrust of lawyers, the legal profession, and the nation’s colleges and universities. Baylor University and University of Notre Dame are used as brief case studies to better explain the decision of Christian Right patrons to avoid investing in existing law schools and, instead, create their own.
Intellectual Capital: Preaching to Convert, or to the Converted?
Authors: Hollis-Brusky Amanda , Wilson Joshua C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the production and dissemination of intellectual capital for the Christian Conservative Legal Movement. In doing so, the chapter takes multiple approaches to conceiving of and measuring scholarship. First, in considering scholarship’s link to prestige, the chapter examines the extent to which faculty at newly created Christian conservative law schools are publishing scholarly work, where they are publishing such work, and how often it is being cited. In order to provide context, the faculty scholarship from Christian conservative law schools is compared with faculty scholarship from a range of other law schools. Second, in thinking of Christian Worldview scholarship as a movement resource, the chapter also measures faculty scholarship and the schools’ in-house journals as means for producing such resources, for creating an intellectual movement, and for inserting Christian Worldview ideas into broader scholarly discussion.
Introduction
Authors: Wright Jennifer Cole , Warren Michael T. , Snow Nancy E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Introduction discusses the main objectives of the book, describes who it will be relevant for and why, and lays out the plan for each chapter. The main objective of the book is twofold. First, it offers accounts of virtue and character that are both philosophically sound and psychologically realistic—and thus, able to be operationalized into empirically measurable variables. Second, it offers a range of strategies for how virtue and character (so conceived) can be systematically measured. This work will be of interest to philosophers, psychologists and education theorists who are interested in virtue and character.
Our Working Model of Virtue
Authors: Wright Jennifer Cole , Warren Michael T. , Snow Nancy E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chapter 1, “Our Working Model of Virtue,” presents the conception of virtue that informs the authors’ thinking throughout the volume. This is a modified Aristotelianism, which the authors seek to integrate with Whole Trait Theory (WTT), an empirical account of traits recently developed by Will Fleeson and Eranda Jayawickreme. The authors argue that WTT provides an attractive framework within which to situate a robust account of virtue inspired by Aristotle, whose work on virtue has been especially influential in contemporary virtue ethics. They develop this integrated account of virtue in Chapter 1. They regard it as “ecumenical” in the sense that their account should appeal to a large number of virtue ethicists and virtue theorists, namely, those who endorse a conception of virtue as a type of global trait.
Dragnet Surveillance
Authors: Brayne Sarah 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses dragnet surveillance, which is the collection and analysis of information on everyone, rather than merely those under suspicion. Dragnet surveillance—and the data it produces—can be useful for law enforcement to solve crimes. Dragnet surveillance widens and deepens social oversight: it includes a broader swath of people and can follow any single individual across a greater range of institutional settings. It is associated with three key transformations in the practice of policing: the shift from query-based to alert-based systems makes it possible to systematically surveil an unprecedentedly large number of people; individuals with no direct police contact are now included in law enforcement systems, lowering the threshold for inclusion in police databases; and institutional data systems are integrated, with police now collecting and using information gleaned from institutions not typically associated with crime control. However, dragnet surveillance is not an inevitable result of mass digitization. Rather, it is the result of choices that reflect the social and political positions of the subjects and the subject matter under surveillance.
Algorithmic Suspicion and Big Data Searches
Authors: Brayne Sarah 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter assesses how existing legal frameworks are anachronistic and inadequate for governing police work in the age of big data. There is now a burgeoning body of legal scholarship analyzing the legal implications of big data policing, yet it is largely theoretical. By grounding legal debates about police use of data in empirical detail, the chapter makes the case that basic legal principles are inadequate not simply because they are anachronistic, but also because the legal debates are too narrow. There are a number of ways legal frameworks are overlooking the social side of big data. First, the way the conceptual categories that underpin legal doctrine—like individualized suspicion—are deployed and organized to make normative assessments do not reflect how decision-making plays out on the ground. Second, police are not simply scaling up data collection in the digital age; rather, different kinds of data are being produced. Despite the fact that there is a difference in kind—rather than just degree—old legal doctrine is still being laid on top of these data. Third, relying on extant legal mechanisms like the exclusionary rule involves using what is meant to be a check on state power at one point in time and space, whereas data is fundamentally social and, as such, has a life course. Fourth, unfettered big data policing creates new opportunities for information asymmetries and can threaten due process through a practice called “parallel construction.”
The Mystery of the Dangerous Book
Authors: Andrews Molly 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
What stories are told, and ultimately tellable, has consequences for our ability to imagine the world otherwise. This chapter examines in-depth a particular story told 25 years in retrospect by an East German dissident about a book that he had hidden from the Stasi and that ultimately disappeared. After the wall opened, the narrator reads his Stasi file. Most remarkable to him was what was not there: there was no mention of the stolen book. The narrator invites me, his listener, into a world of intrigue where the stakes are high. Despite not knowing how the book disappeared, it is clear that with its discovery, he could have been jailed for years. The story hinges on a moment in which the narrator was not present and requires a leap from both teller and audience. Ultimately, it delivers its punch from a contemplation of what did not happen, an alternative imagined (yet once fully possible) future that would have followed on the heels of any official reporting of the hidden book. The story conveys much about the dissident, even while it offers insight into a world beyond any one individual
Using Narrative Analysis to Inform About Female and Male Sexual Victimization
Authors: O’Mahoney Jennifer , Anderson Irina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Personal stories often occupy an ambivalent place between social hegemony and social change. In personal stories of sexual assault, this ambivalent place can be particularly charged when the narrator’s story is contested or resisted by the listener. Stories of sexual assault can reflect dominant victim discourses, while simultaneously resisting the role of victim as a survivor works to organize and frame a trauma experience. Dominant cultural narratives of victimhood often reflect hegemonic discourses, which restrict coping by providing a narrow victim framework for a survivor of sexual assault. However, this ambivalent place between a narrowly defined victimhood and social change can also provide opportunity for survivors to resist these narrow narrative confines and progress through the trauma. This chapter will analyze personal stories of sexual assault and focus on how survivors’ constructions of self are challenged and fractious as a result of sexual assault. Examples of how the narrators resist the dominant victim narrative to move toward personal and social change in their coping will be considered.
Changing Lives in Unanticipated Ways?
Authors: Phoenix Ann 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter analyzes two interviews that come from a study concerned with the ways in which adults from three different family backgrounds re-evaluate their earlier experiences of growing up in visibly ethnically different households. Both examples are from adults who are of mixed black-white parentage. The chapter considers the ways in which the two accounts are inextricably linked with the participants’ racialized, gendered positioning and commitments, which are ethically entangled in their narratives. The “small stories” that both participants produced in their narrative construction of their identities as well as their “bigger” life stories produced tensions amongst the research team that were irreconcilable because the researchers were positioned differently and orienting to different aspects of the narratives. The narratives were powerful and produced different possibilities for social change in the researchers, sometimes in ways that posed difficult challenges to their worldviews.
Hidden From View
Authors: Murray Michael 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Community activism is concerned with various forms of community-based activity designed to improve the lives of disadvantaged, oppressed, and marginalized groups. It can take various forms, from actions within a locality designed to improve the quality of life of the residents (e.g., organizing clubs and events) to activities designed to access increased resources that may bring the community into conflict with outside agencies. Key to these developments is the role of individual community activists who are involved in organizing events and initiating various actions. The aim of this chapter is to explore the work of these community activists through their written accounts and to consider the role of narrative in providing an organizing frame for local change.
Narrative Subjects
Authors: Bradbury Jill 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores an inversion of the feminist slogan “the personal is political” to think about the ways in which the political may be articulated in the construction of personal narratives. In South Africa, narratives of the apartheid past are employed in the construction and interpretation of the present social world, telling a national narrative of resistance and overcoming despite the perpetuation of deeply intransigent inequalities in the present. This repertoire of stories has limited power for social change and exists alongside an injunction to forget or erase the past. The chapter explores this tension between remembering and forgetting in shaping our collective narrative unconscious and how this historical legacy may be reworked in the projection of future (hopeful) narratives of young people. The chapter explores the implications of this particular context of intergenerational tension and change for questions of personal and political transformation across the global terrain.
Relational Evaluation in Primary Education
Authors: Gergen Kenneth J. , Gill Scherto R. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Relationships are especially important in childhood and hence in primary education. There are already ground-breaking practices of evaluation in primary classrooms that illustrate how relational approaches can support children’s learning and well-being. These practices often involve dialogue, reflective questioning, peer collaboration, and mutual appreciation in effectively providing formative feedback on children’s classroom learning experiences. This chapter also selects examples, including circle time reflection, dialogic inquiry, learning review meetings, and project exhibitions, as key practices for inspiring and enhancing children’s continued engagement in learning. The authors reflect and analyze the multiple ways in which sensitive and caring evaluation can take place within generative processes of relating and which in turn enrich the myriad relationships so central to learning.
The Di Tella Family, Art Philanthropy, and the Legitimation of Elite Status
Authors: Herrera Eduardo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Di Tella family owned one of the largest industrial emporiums of Argentina and in 1958 decided to use part of their fortune to create the Torcuato Di Tella Institute. In 1962, the Institute collaborated with the Rockefeller Foundation to create a music center, CLAEM, under the direction of Alberto Ginastera. This chapter examines the ways in which avant-garde music, and art in general, was relevant to the Di Tella family at a time when they were in the process of reconfiguring their elite identity. It shows the complex and often contradictory positions of Guido and Torcuato S. Di Tella as they legitimized their status and associated the Di Tella name not just with refrigerators and automobiles, but also with contemporary arts. Built upon oral histories, this chapter explores the social meaning and value of philanthropic practices for the Di Tella brothers. The complex picture painted by this story underlines the need to understand elites as dynamic and not as static or homogeneous social groups.
The Use and Abuse of the Trolley Problem
Authors: Kamm F. M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter begins with a brief overview of what are known as standard Trolley Problem Cases. Next, it points out that many cases that are presented as Trolley Problem Cases in the AI ethics literature in fact raise moral issues distinctive from the issues raised by standard Trolley Problem Cases. This chapter then critically examines some discussions that seek to apply the Trolley Problem to choices involved in self-driving cars, the use of e-cigarettes, and mammography. The final section considers conceptual and moral issues involved in the production and use of self-driving cars, such as the role and responsibility of those who program such cars, the liability of pedestrians and drivers to be harmed by such cars, and whether voluntary passengers of self-driving cars are even more liable to be harmed than pedestrians.
Social Reform and the Campaign to Christianize the Economy
Authors: Reilly Thomas H. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Chinese Protestant elite supported the modernization and industrialization of the Chinese economy. Like the rest of the elite, they believed China needed to develop its economy to become a strong, modern, prosperous nation. They together with their missionary patrons also wanted to mitigate the impact of these changes. Theirs was a message of social reform. The national Protestant church sponsored two different conferences to consider how they might engage in a Christianizing of the economy. Alongside these conferences, a campaign was launched to address one of the more harmful consequences of industrialization, that of child labor. Protestant organizations also supported the new Nationalist government in passing legislation to curb other harmful effects of industrialization. The most effective organization in these efforts was the YWCA, especially in the work of Eleanor Hinder, chief of the Shanghai Municipal Council’s Industrial Section.
The YMCA and the Gospel for the Urban Elite
Authors: Reilly Thomas H. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The YMCA was one of the most influential organizations in Chinese society during the time of the republic. Its membership was recruited from the urban elite, chiefly the industrial, commercial, and professional sectors of Chinese urban society, while its Protestant leadership represented those sectors, along with the political and educational sectors, as well. The YMCA promoted a Protestant vision of modern China, and sought to realize that vision through a wide range of programs, including citizenship, literacy and hygiene campaigns, and general social service. The YMCA often partnered with the Nationalist government, and Chiang Kai-shek’s New Life Movement was one product of this relationship. The association was not, however, a strong supporter of movements for social reform, much to the disappointment of some of its national secretaries, especially one of the most prominent of those secretaries, Wu Yaozong.
Introduction
Authors: Searcy Anne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Introduction argues that reception is key to understanding cultural diplomacy. Using an analogy to the process of transliteration, it shows that audiences interpreted cultural-exchange performances through the parameters set out by their own aesthetic backgrounds and expectations. Just as the sounds of one language are read through the symbols of another in the process of transliteration, so too in cultural exchange performances are sounds, gestures, and forms of a ballet read through the aesthetic contexts of the host country. During the Soviet-American ballet exchange, the resulting aesthetic misinterpretations determined the impact of a cultural diplomatic event. As such, the Introduction explains how dance and music impacted political attitudes during the Cold War. This then also provides a model for understanding the relationship between music, dance, and politics in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
“Ballet Is a Flower”
Authors: Searcy Anne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chapter 4 analyzes New York City Ballet’s (NYCB’s) 1962 tour of the Soviet Union and the Soviet reception of NYCB choreographer George Balanchine. Previous scholarly accounts have claimed the Soviet reviews of Balanchine’s works were heavily censored, and that, as a result, the tour undermined the authority of the Soviet government with the intelligentsia. Chapter 4 re-examines this tour, using transliteration as a way of modeling the Soviet response to Balanchine. This re-examination shows that Soviet cultural authorities were not at all hostile to the choreographer or his company. The Soviet critics mostly accepted Balanchine’s ballets, but they reframed his accomplishments within their own debates about drambalet and choreographic symphonism. According to Balanchine’s Soviet critics, his works were successful precisely because they reaffirmed the value of the Russian systems of training, artistry, and meaning.
The Return of the “Soviet” through the “National” in Post-Soviet Russia
Authors: Sharafutdinova Gulnaz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The first chapter examines the phenomenon of a visible return of Soviet practices and institutions in “post-Crimea” Russia, along with the rising public support and approval for Joseph Stalin. Arguing against culturally based explanations that focus on the legacy of the Soviet man (homo sovieticus), it views these recent trends as a sign of strengthening of the Russian nationals’ sense of collective identity that is argued to be the most socially and politically significant achievement of Vladimir Putin’s leadership. This chapter presents the central argument of the book and the analytical approach that builds on social identity theory to explain “mature Putinism.”
Introduction
Authors: Parekh Serena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter introduces the second crisis, the crisis for refugees who are unable to find refuge. Refugees are unable to live with a certain minimal level of human dignity while they wait for a long-term solution, either to go home safely or to be resettled permanently elsewhere, outcomes fewer than 2 percent of refugees will have access to. Most refugees will remain in the Global South, either in inadequate refugee camps or with little international aid in urban centers, for years and often for decades. Some will seek asylum directly in a Western country, a goal that requires spending their life savings, engaging smugglers, and risking their lives. The introduction frames the overall argument of the book and makes clear that we cannot understand our moral obligations to refugees without understanding the second crisis.