bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dispatches from the neighborhood watch: Using citizen science and field survey data to document color morph frequency in space and time
Authors: Lehtinen Richard M. , Carlson Brian M. , Hamm Alyssa R. , Riley Alexis G. , Mullin Maria M. , Gray Weston J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHeritable color polymorphisms have a long history of study in evolutionary biology, though they are less frequently examined today than in the past. These systems, where multiple discrete, visually identifiable color phenotypes co‐occur in the same population, are valuable for tracking evolutionary change and ascertaining the relative importance of different evolutionary mechanisms. Here, we use a combination of citizen science data and field surveys in the Great Lakes region of North America to identify patterns of color morph frequencies in the eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). Using over 68,000 individual squirrel records from both large and small spatial scales, we identify the following patterns: (a) the melanistic (black) phenotype is often localized but nonetheless widespread throughout the Great Lakes region, occurring in all states and provinces sampled. (b) In Ohio, where intensive surveys were performed, there is a weak but significantly positive association between color morph frequency and geographic proximity of populations. Nonetheless, even nearby populations often had radically different frequencies of the melanistic morph, which ranged from 0% to 96%. These patterns were mosaic rather than clinal. (c) In the Wooster, Ohio population, which had over eight years of continuous data on color morph frequency representing nearly 40,000 records, we found that the frequency of the melanistic morph increased gradually over time on some survey routes but decreased or did not change over time on others. These differences were statistically significant and occurred at very small spatial scales (on the order of hundreds of meters). Together, these patterns are suggestive of genetic drift as an important mechanism of evolutionary change in this system. We argue that studies of color polymorphism are still quite valuable in advancing our understanding of fundamental evolutionary processes, especially when coupled with the growing availability of data from citizen science efforts.
Analyzing snapshot diversity patterns with the Neutral Theory can show functional groups’ effects on community assembly
Authors: Laroche Fabien , Violle Cyrille , Taudière Adrien , Munoz François 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA central question of community ecology is to understand how the interplay between processes of the Neutral Theory (e.g., immigration and ecological drift) and niche‐based processes (e.g., environmental filtering, intra‐ and interspecific density dependence) shape species diversity in competitive communities. The articulation between these two categories of mechanisms can be studied through the lens of the intermediate organizational level of “functional groups” (FGs), defined as clusters of species with similar traits. Indeed, FGs stress ecological differences among species and are thus likely to unravel non‐neutral interactions within communities. Here we presented a novel approach to explore how FGs affect species coexistence by comparing species and functional diversity patterns. Our framework considers the Neutral Theory as a mechanistic null hypothesis. It assesses how much the functional diversity deviates from species diversity in communities, and compares this deviation, called the “average functional deviation,” to a neutral baseline. We showed that the average functional deviation can indicate reduced negative density dependence or environmental filtering among FGs. We validated our framework using simulations illustrating the two situations. We further analyzed tropical tree communities in Western Ghats, India. Our analysis of the average functional deviation revealed environmental filtering between deciduous and evergreen FGs along a broad rainfall gradient. By contrast, we did not find clear evidence for reduced density dependence among FGs. We predict that applying our approach to new case studies where environmental gradients are milder and FGs are more clearly associated to resource partitioning should reveal the missing pattern of reduced density dependence among FGs.
Impedimetric Biosensor for Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1‐Antigen Detection
Authors: Garcia Luane Ferreira , Silvio Batista Rodrigues Edson , Rocha Lino de Souza Guilherme , Jubé Wastowski Isabela , Mota de Oliveira Fernando , Torres Pio dos Santos Wallans , de Souza Gil Eric 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV‐1) is a pathogen of great economic impact for livestock, which is related multi‐systemic infections that leads to mortality or morbidity of cattles. Thus, the search for cheap and practical methodologies that allow the selective detection of BHV‐1 antigen (BHV‐1 AG) is of utmost relevance. Therefore, an impedimetric label‐free immunosensor was herein, developed and its performance evaluated in biological samples enriched with BHV‐1 AG. Briefly, the biosensor construction was based on the immobilization of BHV‐1 antibody (BHV‐1 AB) and casein on the activated glassy carbon electrode surface. The BHV‐1 AB was isolated from egg yolk of immunized chickens, which is a less stressful protocol. The bio sensing principle was based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy by using Fe(CN)64−/3− probe, which were also used to check variation of charge transfer resistance (▵Rct), when the electrode surface was increasingly blocked by immune complex. A linear relationship between ▵Rct and BHV‐1 AG concentration was verified in the range from 10 to 50 TCID50 mL−1, with LOQ of 2.00 TCID50 mL−1 and LOD of 0.66 TCID50 mL−1. Besides the suitable sensitivity, the immunosensor displayed accuracy, stability, and specificity to detect BHV‐1 AG in biological samples of serum, nasal secretions, semen and urine. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge this is the first immunosensor applied to BHV‐1 diagnostic.
Functional Nickel Oxide Nanostructures for Ethanol Oxidation in Alkaline Media
Authors: Amin Sidra , Tahira Aneela , Solangi Amber R. , Mazzaro Raffaello , Ibupoto Zafar Hussain , Fatima Almas , Vomiero Alberto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures are employed in the basic medium for the oxidation of ethanol. A variety of NiO nanostructures are synthesized by wet chemical growth method, using different hydroxide (OH−) ion sources, particularly from ammonia, hexamethylenetetramine, urea and sodium hydroxide. The use of urea as (OH−) ion source results in flower‐like NiO structures composed by extremely thin nanowalls (thickness lower than 10 nm,), which demonstrated to be the most active for ethanol oxidation. All the samples exhibit NiO cubic phase, and no other impurity was detected. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves of NiO nanostructures were found linear over the concentration range 0.1–3.5 mM (R2=0.99) of ethanol, with the limit of detection estimated to be 0.013 mM for ethanol. The NiO nanostructures exhibit a selective signal towards ethanol oxidation in the presence of different members of alcohol family. The proposed NiO nanostructures showed a significant practicality for the reproducible and sensitive determination of ethanol from brandy, whisky, mixture of brandy and rum, and vodka samples. The nanomaterial was used as a surface modifying agent for the glassy carbon electrode and it showed a stable electro‐oxidation activity for the ethanol for 16 days. These findings indicate that the presented NiO nanomaterial can be applied in place of noble metals for ethanol sensing and other environmental applications (like fuel cells).
A new cross‐borehole hydraulic caving technique in the coal seam with a soft layer for preventing coal and gas outbursts during coal roadway excavation
Authors: Qin Binbin , Wei Guoying , Lou Zhen , Wang Zehua , He Fulian , He Wenrui , Zhu Hengzhong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPredrainage of gas by cross‐boreholes is an important method to prevent coal and gas outbursts in the process of a coal roadway excavation. Limitations of technologies and poor effects of preventing coal and gas outbursts occur in the coal seam with a soft layer. In this study, a new hydraulic caving technology for cross‐boreholes has been proposed to solve this problem. A CT equipment was used to observe the development of coal fissures around cross‐boreholes in the coal seam with a soft layer. The plastic zone range and permeability distribution of ordinary hydraulic slotting technologies and the new hydraulic caving technology also were compared by numerical simulation. The field test of hydraulic caving was taken in the Xuehu Mine (China). The results show that the fracture development degree of soft coal is greater than that of hard coal at the same distance from cross‐boreholes. The fracture development degree in the plastic zone is greater than that in the elastic zone. The hydraulic caving technique can achieve the same effect as the ordinary hydraulic slotting with less workload. The mass of coal discharged from a cross‐borehole was 1.15 t/m and the average methane concentration of single drainage borehole increased by 1.09‐4.1 times, and the average methane extraction amount of single drainage borehole increased by 6.06 times. Elimination of coal and gas outburst had been completed after 110 days of extraction in the area of hydraulic caving, and Q and S values are lower than the critical value during roadway excavation. It is conclusion that hydraulic caving technique can effectively improve the permeability and rapidly eliminate coal and gas outburst in the coal seam with a soft layer.
RvE1 treatment prevents memory loss and neuroinflammation in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome
Authors: Hamlett Eric D. , Hjorth Erik , Ledreux Aurélie , Gilmore Anah , Schultzberg Marianne , Granholm Ann Charlotte 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInflammation can be resolved by pro‐homeostatic lipids called specialized pro‐resolving mediators (SPMs) upon activation of their receptors. Dysfunctional inflammatory resolution is now considered as a driver of chronic neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. We have previously shown that SPM levels were reduced and also that SPM‐binding receptors were increased in patients with AD compared to age‐matched controls. Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit accelerated acquisition of AD neuropathology, dementia, and neuroinflammation at an earlier age than the general population. Beneficial effects of inducing resolution in DS have not been investigated previously. The effects of the SPM resolvin E1 (RvE1) in a DS mouse model (Ts65Dn) were investigated with regard to inflammation, neurodegeneration, and memory deficits. A moderate dose of RvE1 for 4 weeks in middle‐aged Ts65Dn mice elicited a significant reduction in memory loss, along with reduced levels of serum pro‐inflammatory cytokines, and reduced microglial activation in the hippocampus of Ts65Dn mice but had no effects in age‐matched normosomic mice. There were no observable adverse side effects in Ts65Dn or in normosomic mice. These findings suggest that SPMs may represent a novel drug target for individuals with DS and others at risk of developing AD.
The intergenerational transmission of health in the United States: A latent variables analysis
Authors: Halliday Timothy J. , Mazumder Bhashkar , Wong Ashley 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSocial scientists have long documented that many components of socioeconomic status such as income and education have strong ties across generations. However, health status, arguably a more critical component of welfare, has largely been ignored. We fill this void by providing the first estimates of the Intergenerational Health Association (IHA) that are explicitly based on a nonlinear latent variable model. We develop an estimation procedure for a nonlinear model with categorical outcomes in which the latent index is a mixed linear model and contains covariates that might not vary within cross‐sectional units. Adjusting for only age and gender, we estimate an IHA of 0.3 indicating that about one third of a parent's health status gets transmitted to their children. Once we add additional mediators to the model, we show that education, and particularly children's education, is an important transmission channel in that it reduces the IHA by one third. Finally, we show that estimates of the IHA from nonlinear models are only moderately higher than those from linear models, whereas rank‐based mobility estimates are identical.
Jeffrey nanofluid flow near a Riga plate: Spectral quasilinearization approach
Authors: Ansari Md Sharifuddin , Magagula Vusi Mpendulo , Trivedi Mumukshu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article attempts to report the flow mechanism of Jeffrey nanofluid flow on a Riga plate integrating the influences of viscous dissipation, irregular heat source/sink, Brownian motion, and thermophoretic force. Nondimensionalization of mathematical model describing the flow system is accomplished by a set of compatible transformations. An accurate solution of ordinary differential equations is achieved by practicing spectral quasilinearization method. The present method is capable of giving results with good accuracy in few iterations, which infers speedy convergence. Solution‐based error norm (a measure of difference of approximate solution in two consecutive iteration level) is presented to authenticate precision of obtained approximate solution. The similarity between present approximate results and previously reported results is noted to check correctness. Obtained numerical solutions were replicated in a diagrammatic form to visualize the impact of flow parameters. Ratio of relaxation to retardation time produces an enhancing influence on momentum and nanoparticle concentration and a declining effect on the fluid temperature. Riga plate strengthens the momentum, which intensifies the transport of heat energy from boundary layer region, resulting in a reduction in fluid temperature.
Using Socioenvironmental Report Cards as a Tool for Transdisciplinary Collaboration
Authors: Vargas-Nguyen Vanessa , Kelsey R Heath , Jordahl Harald , Nuttle William , Somerville Charles , Thomas Jane , Dennison William C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The process of developing a socioenvironmental report card through transdisciplinary collaboration can be used in any system and can provide the foundation for collaborative solutions for sustainable resource management by creating a holistic assessment that balances environmental, economic, and social concerns that incorporates multiple perspectives from multisectoral actors. We demonstrated this in the Mississippi River watershed, USA with the ultimate goal of promoting holistic management of the region's natural resources. But working at the scale of the Mississippi River watershed presents the challenge of working across geographical, organizational, and disciplinary boundaries. The development of a socioenvironmental report card served as the focus for efforts to foster a shared vision among diverse stakeholders in the watershed and to promote transdisciplinary collaboration. The process engaged more than 700 participants from environment, flood control, transportation, water supply, economy, and recreation sectors, from more than 400 organizations representing local, state, and federal government agencies, businesses and trade associations, and private, nonprofit, and academic institutions. This broad engagement in the selection of important themes, indicators, measures, and assessment methods as part of the cocreation of boundary objects aimed to foster social and mutual learning and to develop common understanding and shared visioning among stakeholders with differing perspectives. The process was facilitated by boundary-spanning organizations, creating an atmosphere of trust by utilizing “third places” for knowledge exchange and integration. This transdisciplinary process also led to collective action through collaboration and selection of restoration and management activities that could improve conditions for multiple sectors simultaneously and/or recognize potential tradeoffs for informed decision making. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:494–507. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
Factors Affecting the Perception of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in the Ecotoxicology Community
Authors: Mondou Matthieu , Hickey Gordon M , Rahman HM Tuihedur , Maguire Steve , Pain Guillaume , Crump Doug , Hecker Markus , Basu Niladri 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Given current legislative mandates to assess the safety of thousands of chemicals and the slow pace at which conventional testing proceeds, there is a need to accelerate chemical risk assessment. Governments and businesses are increasingly interested in new approach methodologies (NAMs) that promise to reduce costs and delays. We explore 5 sociological factors within the ecotoxicology community that can influence the perception of NAMs: 1) professional profile (educational cohort, employer), 2) internal science communication within professional forums, 3) concern for “error cost,” 4) collaboration across stakeholders, and 5) fundamental beliefs regarding toxicology. We conducted an online survey (n = 171; 2018) asking participants about their experiences and perspectives at events of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) to assess 1) how NAMs are discussed compared to conventional testing and 2) how respondents perceive their viability. We developed ordered logistic regression (OLR) models to understand the influence of exploratory variables (cohort, core views on toxicology, frequency of collaboration) on respondents' evaluation of the viability of different NAMs. Our results showed that 1) NAMs were more likely than conventional methods to be challenged in forum discussions, which may be fueled by concerns for error costs in regulatory decision making; 2) perceptions of the viability of NAMs tended to follow a “pattern of familiarity,” whereby respondents that were more knowledgeable about a test method tended to find it more viable; 3) respondents who agreed with the Paracelsus maxim had a greater likelihood of finding conventional testing viable; and 4) the more a respondent reported collaborating with industry on alternative testing strategies, the more likely she or he was to report that NAMs were less viable. These results suggest that there are professional and organizational barriers to greater acceptance of NAMs that can be addressed through a social learning process within the professional community. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:269–281. © 2020 SETAC
Stabilization of Ni(I)(1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane)+ in a Sol‐Gel Matrix: It's Plausible Use in Catalytic Processes
Authors: Shamir Dror , Wolfer Yaniv , Shames Alexander I. , Albo Yael , Burg Ariela 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMonovalent nickel is used as a catalyst in a diversity of important chemical systems due to its properties as a strong reducing agent. However, monovalent nickel is unstable in homogeneous systems; its lifetime is very short, and therefore, its efficiency as a catalyst is quite limited. In this article, we demonstrate the catalytic capabilities of Ni(I)(1,4,8,11‐tetraazacyclotetradecane)+ as a reducing and catalytic agent by its entrapment in the silica sol gel matrix. The EPR results indicate that the sol‐gel matrix plays two roles: it inhibits the common mechanism of Ni(I)L+ decomposition in aqueous solutions, and it also facilitates its functionality as a heterogeneous catalyst, by stabilizing it for at least several hours. The activity of Ni(I)L+ which is entrapped within the matrix, was studied by reducing 2,2‐Bis(bromomethyl)‐1,3‐Propanediol and I3−. The results indicate that Ni(I)L+/Ni(III)L−H2+ acts as a good reducing agent. These results have important implications for a variety of essential catalytic reactions by shedding light on a new feature of sol‐gel matrices and their use as active species stabilizers.
Comparative Adsorption of Tungsten and Silicon Oxides by Alumina Matrix
Authors: Holovenko V. O. , Kalinichenko O. O. , Roienko K. V. , Girin O. B. , Snizhko L. O. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe incorporation of tungsten oxides on the surface of the oxidized aluminum alloy was investigated. Deposition was carried out in two ways – during the process of plasma‐electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and by impregnation of the oxide in solutions of tungsten salts. The experimental program was performed using a central composite rotatable planning. It is established that the amount of tungsten oxides in coatings obtained by PEO in mixed silicate‐tungstate electrolyte is 50 times higher than in coatings received by PEO in silicate electrolyte with following soaking in WO42− containing solutions.
Cyto‐genotoxic and inflammatory effects of commercial Linde Type A (LTA) nanozeolites on human alveolar epithelial cells
Authors: Cavallo Delia , Ursini Cinzia Lucia , Fresegna Anna Maria , Ciervo Aureliano , Maiello Raffaele , Del Frate Valentina , Iavicoli Sergio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNanozeolites (NZs) are increasingly used in several sectors, including catalysts, ion exchange materials or thermal isolators, taking advantage of the major property of NZs to absorb residual water and moisture to preserve the insulation of devices and products, but very few data are available on their toxicity. We investigated the potential cyto‐genotoxicity and pro‐inflammatory effects of manufactured Linde Type A (LTA)‐NZs on human alveolar cells (A549) exposed to 10, 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL. LTA NZs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS). Cell viability, mortality and apoptosis were evaluated by cytofluorimetric assay after 24h exposure. Membrane damage was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase release and direct and oxidative DNA damage induction by formamide‐pyrimidine glycosylase‐Comet assay after 4 and 24 h. The induction of pro‐inflammatory effects was evaluated in terms of interleukin 6 (IL‐6) and IL‐8 cytokine release after 24 h by ELISA. We found a slight increase in apoptotic cell percentage at 50 and 100 μg/mL and dead cell percentage at 100 μg/mL after 24 h; slight, but statistically significant, direct DNA damage starting from 25 μg/mL and slight oxidative DNA damage both at 4 and at 24 h; increased release of IL‐6 only at the lowest concentration after 24 h. The results show lack of cytotoxicity, early moderate genotoxicity and slight inflammatory effects at the lowest used concentration. These findings represent the first data on potential genotoxic, oxidative and inflammatory effects of LTA NZs and highlight the need to perform further studies to confirm such results.