bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Directive Speech Acts in English and Spanish Filmspeak
Authors: de Pablos-Ortega Carlos 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The main aim of the study is to ascertain contrastively, in English and Spanish, how directive speech acts are represented in film discourse. For the purpose of the investigation, the directive speech acts of 24 films, 12 in English and 12 in Spanish, were extracted and analysed. A classification taxonomy, inspired by previous research, was created in order to categorize the different types of directive speech acts and determine their level of (in)directness. The results show that indirectness is more widely represented in the English than in the Spanish film scripts, thus confirming the assertion that being indirect is a distinctive feature of English native speakers (Grundy, 2008). This research makes a valuable contribution to the exploration of speech acts in filmspeak and informs the existing local grammar descriptions of the linguistic patterns of directive speech acts.
Religious belief as a resilience factor in a long-term refugee setting at the Thai-Myanmar Border, Southeast Asia
Authors: Kaiser Peter , Benner Marie T. , Pohlmann Kai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Religion has always had an influence on the causal attribution of people, i.e. how is your own destiny, happiness and misfortune interpreted? Since religious belief is not static, it is strongly influenced by the experiences that sufferers have gained in their past. It therefore plays an important role in dealing with trauma and stress in humanitarian crises – especially in vulnerable populations (such as refugees) and can be a source of power in difficult times. There are systematic studies on psychological implications of trauma in the context of war and forced migration on affected populations, especially regarding the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, but the effects of religious beliefs are not well understood yet. This study examines the role of religion in the daily lives of Karen refugees in long-term refugee settings along the Thai-Myanmar border and the possible influence that religion can have on dealing with crisis situations and one's own destiny. Resilience is a factor that is easily overlooked by mental health services, especially in situations where people are dependent on third party help. Psychosocial health care should take into account the role of religious beliefs in terms of expectations and causal attribution.
Homer and Traditional Poetics
Authors: Finkelberg Margalit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough Homer refers to the art of poetry in terms closely similar to those used by oral traditional poets interviewed by Parry and Lord, his own poems do not follow the poetics of a point-by-point narrative succession that they themselves proclaim. This is not yet to say that in ancient Greece there were no epic poems for which such traditional poetics would effectively account. The poems of the Epic Cycle, whose incompatibility with the narrative strategies of the Homeric epics was highlighted as early as Aristotle, are one such example. The fact that, although he repeatedly refers to the practice of traditional poetry, Homer is silent on the matter of his own poetic practice which differs markedly from it, raises the question of whether the Iliad and the Odyssey can be considered traditional poems in the proper sense of the word.
MHC Class I related chain A (MICA), Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DRB1, HLA-DQB1 genotypes in Turkish patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kekik Cinar Cigdem , Demir Kadir , Temurhan Sonay , Akyuz Filiz , Pinarbasi Binnur , Savran Oguz Fatma 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to determine Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DRB1, DQB1, and MHC Class I related chain A (MICA) genotypes in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Methods
HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, MICA genotyping of patient (n:85) and controls (n:100) were performed by PCR-SSO Luminex (One Lambda genotyping kit).

Results
We found significantly higher DRB1*01 (p:0.022, OR:0.23, CI:0.06–0.8) and MICA*0002/20/55 (p:0.03, OR:0.53, CI:0.29–0.93) alleles in control group whereas DRB1*14 (p:0.04, OR:2.25, CI:1–5.08), DRB1*15 (p:<0.0001, OR:4.54, CI:2.09–9.88) and MICA*0004 (p:0.01, OR:2.84, CI:1.2–6.7) alleles were higher in patient group.

Conclusions
The present study will inform the MICA and HLA genotypes about the protective (DRB1*01, MICA*0002/20/55) or susceptible (DRB1*14, DRB1*15, MICA*0004) alleles of the disease and helps the literature on Turkish patients with ulcerative colitis.
Association of maternal serum trace elements with newborn screening-thyroid stimulating hormone
Authors: Ucal Yasemin , Serdar Muhittin , Akın-Levi Cansu , Yıldırım-Keles Zeynep Zulfiye , Turam Cem , Kumru Pinar , Muhcu Murat , Eroglu Mustafa , Aksungar Fehime , Ozpinar Aysel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Trace elements are essential in thyroid functioning as they incorporate into biologically important enzymes as cofactors. The placenta can either activate or inhibit the transfer of maternal trace elements to the unborn. An imbalance of maternal trace elements in pregnancy may affect both maternal and newborn thyroid function.

Methods
Blood samples from 315 lactating mothers were collected in the first 48 h after delivery and evaluated for selenium (Se), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and quadrupole inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Thyroid hormones and auto-antibodies (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T3 (fT3), free T3 (fT4), anti–thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin (anti-TG)) were analyzed in maternal blood using an electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Between 48 and 72 postpartum hours, spot blood samples were used for newborn screening-TSH measurement. Correlation and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of maternal trace element levels on newborn screening-TSH levels.

Results
The medians (min-max) of maternal Se (45.16 µg/L (21.28–79.04)), Cu (210.10 µg/dL (117.04–390.64)), Mn (2.11 µg/L (0.20–3.46)), and Zn (0.43 mg/L (0.24–0.66)) were determined. A positive correlation was detected between Zn and maternal TSH levels (r=0.12, p < 0.05). Newborn screening-TSH was significantly correlated with maternal Cu (r=0.14, p < 0.01). Similarly, Cu exhibited weak associations in clustering analysis while others shared common clusters with newborn-screening TSH.

Conclusions
There was no significant association between most of the maternal serum trace elements and maternal thyroid hormone parameters, with an only exception between maternal Zn and maternal serum TSH. Finally, the association between maternal serum Cu levels and newborn screening-TSH levels may highlight the importance of maternal Cu levels on the newborn thyroid health.
Modal Analysis of the Axial Compressor Blade: Advanced Time-Dependent Electronic Interferometry and Finite Element Method
Authors: Tkach Mykhaylo , Morhun Serhii , Zolotoy Yuri , Zhuk Irina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNatural frequencies and vibration modes of axial compressor blades are investigated. A refined mathematical model based on the usage of an eight-nodal curvilinear isoparametric finite element was applied. The verification of the model is carried out by finding the frequencies and vibration modes of a smooth cylindrical shell and comparing them with experimental data. A high-precision experimental setup based on an advanced method of time-dependent electronic interferometry was developed for this aim. Thus, the objective of the study is to verify the adequacy of the refined mathematical model by means of the advanced time-dependent electronic interferometry experimental method. The divergence of the results of frequency measurements between numerical calculations and experimental data does not exceed 5 % that indicates the adequacy and high reliability of the developed mathematical model. The developed mathematical model and experimental setup can be used later in the study of blades with more complex geometric and strength characteristics or in cases when the real boundary conditions or mechanical characteristics of material are uncertain.
Der Zaun als Zeichen und Symbol.
Authors: Kotthaus Jochem 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungIm vorliegenden Beitrag wird die dynamische Beziehung zwischen dem Wissen über Institution als regelhafter Handlungstypisierung und dem Handelnden, der dieses Wissen praktisch verwirklicht, am Beispiel des Zauns näher untersucht. Institutionen werden in Bezug auf ihrenAufforderungscharakterstärker an Webers Herrschaftstheorie angeschlossen, um somit die Handlungserwartungen („Befehl“), deren Entsprechung („Disziplin“) und die diese inbezugsetzenden Geltungsmechanismen erfassen zu können. Hierbei wird der Zaun als zeichenhafte Veräußerung des Willens des Aufstellers, als symbolische Legitimation sowie als raumkonstituierendes Element erörtert.
Autonomisierung durch Nichtwissen:
Authors: Osrecki Fran 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag umreißt eine bislang wenig diskutierte Perspektive auf Laien- bzw. Publikumsrollen in der modernen Gesellschaft. Anders als in gegenwärtigen Debatten um eine strukturelle Aufwertung von Publikumsrollen durch Informiertheit und aktives Engagement, wird hier argumentiert, dass Laienpublika gerade dann eine vergleichsweise starke Position zukommt, wenn ihr Verhalten unberechenbar wird. Diese Unberechenbarkeit stellt sich unter anderem dann ein, wenn Träger von Publikumsrollen nicht wissen, welche ihrer vielen Interessen und Rollen sie konsequent zur Handlungsgrundlage machen sollen. Diese Perspektive wird am Fall des politischen Systems erläutert. Hier führt die Unberechenbarkeit des Wahlverhaltens dazu, dass Parteien verstärkt um die Gunst des Elektorats buhlen müssen, wodurch auch die Autonomisierung des politischen Systems befördert wird.
Shock wave induced defect engineering on structural and optical properties of pure and dye doped potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystals
Authors: Aswathappa Sivakumar , Palaniyasan Eniya , Dhas Sathiyadhas Sahaya Jude , Jayaperumal Kalyana Sundar , Paramasivam Sivaprakash , Sonachalam Arumugam , Dhas Sathiyadhas Amalapushpam Martin Britto 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the importance of the shock recovery experiments, the authors report the structural and optical properties of pure and 0.001 M dye-doped potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystals for virgin and shock wave loaded samples. Rhodamine B and Methylene blue dyes are selected as dopants to be doped with KDP crystal for the present investigation. The test crystals of pure and doped KDP crystals are grown by slow evaporation technique and cut and polished crystals of (200) face are used for the present investigation. Table-top pressure driven shock tube is utilized for the shock wave generation and the used functional Mach number is 1.7. Virgin and shock wave loaded test crystals’ surface morphology, structural properties and optical transmissions are observed using optical microscope, powder X-ray diffractometer and UV-Visible spectrometer, respectively. Crystalline nature and optical transmission of pure and doped KDP crystals are found to have reduced by the impact of shock waves. It occurs due to the enhancement of defect concentration on the surface of the test crystals. From the observed results, we assert that the pure KDP crystal is relatively more stable to shock wave induced damage compared to doped KDP crystals as reflected by structural and optical studies.
The scandium-rich indide Sc50Pt13.47In2.53
Authors: Gulay Nataliya L. , Kösters Jutta , Kalychak Yaroslav M. , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The scandium-rich indide Sc50Pt13.47In2.53 was obtained by induction melting of the elements and subsequent annealing. The structure of Sc50Pt13.47In2.53 has been refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: Fm

3
¯

$\overline{3}$

, a = 1774.61(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0443, 1047 F2 values and 35 variables. Sc50Pt13.47In2.53 is isopointal with the intermetallic phases Sc50Co12.5In3.5, Sc50Rh13.3In2.7, Sc50Ir13.6In2.4, Ag7+xMg26−x and Ga4.55Mg21.85Pd6.6 (Pearson code cF264 and Wyckoff sequence ih
2
fecba). Two of the eight crystallographic sites in the structure show mixed occupancies: M1 (≡Pt20.70In10.30) and M2 (≡Pt30.76In20.24). The structure contains four basic polyhedra: M2@Sc8 cubes, Pt1@Sc10 sphenocorona and slightly distorted M1@Sc12 and In3@Sc12 icosahedra. The polyhedra are condensed via common scandium corners and edges. The various Sc–Sc distances range from 302–334 pm and are indicative of substantial Sc–Sc bonding, stabilizing the Sc50Pt13.47In2.53 structure.
Biochemical evidences for M1-, M17- and M18-like aminopeptidases in marine invertebrates from Cuban coastline
Authors: Pascual Alonso Isel , Rivera Méndez Laura , Valdés-Tresanco Mario E. , Bounaadja Lotfi , Schmitt Marjorie , Arrebola Sánchez Yarini , Alvarez Lajonchere Luis , Charli Jean-Louis , Florent Isabelle 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Metallo-aminopeptidases (mAPs) control many physiological processes. They are classified in different families according to structural similarities. Neutral mAPs catalyze the cleavage of neutral amino acids from the N-terminus of proteins or peptide substrates; they need one or two metallic cofactors in their active site. Information about marine invertebrate’s neutral mAPs properties is scarce; available data are mainly derived from genomics and cDNA studies. The goal of this work was to characterize the biochemical properties of the neutral APs activities in eight Cuban marine invertebrate species from the Phyla Mollusca, Porifera, Echinodermata, and Cnidaria. Determination of substrate specificity, optimal pH and effects of inhibitors (1,10-phenanthroline, amastatin, and bestatin) and cobalt on activity led to the identification of distinct neutral AP-like activities, whose biochemical behaviors were similar to those of the M1 and M17 families of mAPs. Additionally, M18-like glutamyl AP activities were detected. Thus, marine invertebrates express biochemical activities likely belonging to various families of metallo-aminopeptidases.
human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) A and hMAO B inhibitors from Artemisia dracunculus L. herniarin and skimmin: human mononamine oxidase A and B inhibitors from A. dracunculus L.
Authors: Aydin Tuba , Akincioglu Hulya , Gumustas Mehmet , Gulcin Ilhami , Kazaz Cavit , Cakir Ahmet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of extracts and pure Artemisia dracunculus L. (tarragon) metabolites on the antimonoamine oxidase and anticholinesterase activities. The compounds were characterized as stigmasterol (1), herniarin (2), (2E,4E)-1-(piperidin-1-yl)undeca-2,4-diene-8,10-diyn-1-one (3), (2E,4E)-N-isobutylundeca-2,4-dien-8,10-diynamide (4), 3,4-dehydroherniarin (5) and skimmin (6) by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 1D and 2D NMR methods. The compounds 5 and 6 were isolated from tarragon for the first time. The extracts and pure compounds have inhibitory effects on the human monoamine oxidase (hMAO) A and B enzymes, whereas they did not exhibit any anticholinesterase activities. Among the tarragon compounds, only 2 and 6 compounds showed the inhibitory effects against hMAO A (IC50 = 51.76 and 73.47 μM, respectively) and hMAO B (IC50 = 0.84 and 1.63 mM, respectively). In the study, herniarin content in the extracts was also analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography and it was found that there was a relationship between the inhibition effects of the extracts and their herniarin content.
Chemical characterization of the lipids in femoral gland secretions of wild male tegu lizards,Salvator merianae(Squamata, Teiidae) in comparison with captive-bred males
Authors: Ramiro Carolina N. , Martín José , da Silva Junior Pedro Ismael , Pinto Hugo B. A. , Magalhães Júnior Arnaldo José C. , Abrahão Carlos , Rodrigues Miguel T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough chemical interactions play an essential role in lizard social behavior, the chemical composition of the femoral gland secretions that many lizards use for communication is known for only a few species, mainly European Lacertids. The tegu lizard,Salvator merianae, is the only species of the Teiidae family for which there is available information on lipids in femoral secretions, but only for captive bred males from Argentina. Here, based on mass spectra obtained by GC-MS, we found 69 lipophilic compounds in femoral gland secretions of wild malesS. merianaefrom Brazil, including cholesterol and high amounts of saturated fatty acids (mainly hexadecanoic and octadecanoic). We found contrasting differences between wild and captive-bred males, which lack cholesterol but present high amount of 9,12-octadecadienoic acid. These within-species differences between wild and captive lizards strongly suggest the important influence of different diets on the chemical composition of the femoral gland secretion and suggest caution when interpreting results from captive animals, even in the same species.
Toxicology study of fraxinellone as ovicidal agents against Mythimna separata Walker and Bombyx mori Linaeus
Authors: Lv Min , Chen Suying , Zhang Shaoyong , Xu Hui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Fraxinellone is a naturally occurring degraded limonoid isolated from many species of plants in Meliaceae and Rutaceae. Besides structural modification of the lead compounds, the toxicology study of the lead compounds is also a very important procedure to develop insecticidal agents. Herein the toxicology study of fraxinellone was carried out as the ovicidal agent against the eggs of two lepidopteran insects Mythimna separata Walker and Bombyx mori Linaeus. Fraxinellone selectively exhibited an ovicidal activity against the eggs of M. separata. After treatment with fraxinellone, the eggshells of M. separata were shrinked, whereas those of B. mori had no obvious change. The dynamic process of M. separata embryo development demonstrated that the distinct difference between the treated eggs and the control ones was obvious at the second day after treatment, especially, the control embryo finished blastokinesis, whereas the treated ones were still laid at pre-reversion status and a lot of yolk can be seen around the embryo. It ultimately resulted in the eggshell withered and the egg hatching inhibited.
Synthesis of sandwich type acyclic tetra-nuclear silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes for wound healing applications
Authors: Riaz Ayesha , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan , Bhatti Haq Nawaz , Shahid Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Two meta-xylyl linked tetrakis-benzimidazolium salts (L1-L2) as multidentate ligands and two respective silver complexes (C1 and C2) were synthesized. A multistep reaction was done at room temperature, starting with simple benzimidazole and alkyl halides, going through precursors and salt formation by reflux and finally in situ deprotonation of tetrabenzimidazolium salts with Ag2O to yield respective tetra-nuclear Ag(I)-N-heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) complexes. Propyl and butyl groups were bonded at the terminal positions of tetra-azolium open chain salts. Characterization of compounds was done by analytical and spectroscopic techniques. On the basis of spectroscopic data, a chemical structure with open chains having four Ag(I) ions sandwiched between NHC layers was established. Potential of synthesized complexes (C1 & C2) for wound contraction was evaluated and compared with standard wound contraction gel. Percentage wound contraction of both complexes was found very close to that of standard drug used in parallel.
Coronaviruses widespread on nonliving surfaces: important questions and promising answers
Authors: Deyab Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The world is facing, while writing this review, a global pandemic due to one of the types of the coronaviruses (i.e., COVID-19), which is a new virus. Among the most important reasons for the transmission of infection between humans is the presence of this virus active on the surfaces and materials. Here, we addressed important questions such as do coronaviruses remain active on the inanimate surfaces? Do the types of inanimate surfaces affect the activity of coronaviruses? What are the most suitable ingredients that used to inactivate viruses? This review article addressed many of the works that were done in the previous periods on the survival of many viruses from the coronaviruses family on various surfaces such as steel, glass, plastic, Teflon, ceramic tiles, silicon rubber and stainless steel copper alloys, Al surface, sterile sponges, surgical gloves and sterile latex. The impacts of environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity were presented and discussed. The most important active ingredients that can deactivate viruses on the surfaces were reported here. We hope that these active ingredients will have the same effect on COVID-19.
Praktek Kuliah Lapangan/Kuliah Kerja Lapangan di Perguruan Tinggi (Survey Pendapat di UNJ dan UPI)
Authors: Munandar Aris 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

This study aims to survey PKL / KKL activities in Universities. Descriptive method to look for similarities and differences in the implementation of PKL / KKL, while the survey is to ask for opinions about the implementation of PKL / KKL. The study population was all students of the Geography Study Program FIS UNJ and UPI. The sample was used by 120 students with quota sampling technique. Preliminary survey to collect data on PKL / KKL implementation in five universities (UNJ, UPI, UNY, UNES, UNESA). After the documents are arranged, students will submit whether they are in accordance with conditions in their field and their expectations.
Document the search results at five universities and the survey results show similarities and differences. Differences in PKL / KKL differ in aspects of SKS burden. The ratio of supervisors and participants varies between 1:15 and 1:20. The products produced vary in the form of reports, articles, leaflets, standing baners, papers, brochures. The results of the research can be suggested to make a balanced process and product assessment instruments from pre-activity and post-activity. Give weight to every aspect of the assessment both process and product.
Keyword : Praktek Kuliah Lapangan (PKL), Kuliah Kerja Lapangan (KKL), Comparison
ABSTRAK

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mensurvey kegiatan PKL/KKL di Universitas. Metode deskriptif untuk mencari persamaan dan perbedaan pelaksanaan PKL/KKL, sedangakn survey untuk menjaring pendapat tentang pelaksanaan PKL/KKL. Populasi penelitian semua mahasiswa prodi pendidikan Geografi FIS UNJ dan UPI. Sampel yang digunakan dengan 120 mahasiswa dengan teknik kuota sampling. Survey pendahuluan untuk menjaring data pelaksanaan PKL/KKL di lima perguruan tinggi (UNJ, UPI, UNY, UNES, UNESA). Setelah tersusun dokumen, disampaikan kemahasiswa apakah sudah cocok atau belum sesuai dengan kondisi dilapangan dan harapannya. Hasil penelusuran dokumen di lima universitas dan hasil survey menunjukan adanya persamaan dan perbedaan. Perbedaan fieldstudy berbeda pada aspek beban SKS. Rasio dosen pembimbing dengan pesertapun bervariasi antara 1: 15 dengan 1:20. Produk yang dihasilkanpun bervariasi berupa laporan, artikel, leaflet, standing baner, makalah, brosur. Hasil dari penelitian dapat disarankan membuat instrument penilaian proses dan produk yang seimbang dari pra kegiatan–kegiatan dan pasca kegiatan. Memberikan bobot untuk masing-masing aspek penilaian baik proses dan produk.

Kata Kunci : Praktek Kuliah Lapangan (PKL) , Kuliah Kerja Lapangan (KKL), perbandingan