bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived Impact of an Online Community Care Platform for Dutch Older Adults on Local Participation, Informal Caregiving, and Feelings of Connectedness: Pretest-Posttest Observational Study
Authors: Willard Sarah , van Rossum Erik , Spreeuwenberg Marieke , de Witte Luc 
Published: October 2020

Background
In a changing ageing society wherein older adults are increasingly expected to take care of themselves instead of relying on health care services, online community care platforms can help older adults to meet these expectations. A considerable number of these online community care platforms have been introduced in several European countries based on their potential. However, their actual impact is unclear.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the self-reported use, expectations, and perceived impact of a Dutch online community care platform called Grubbenvorst-Online among Dutch older adults. The following 2 questions were studied: (1) What is the self-reported use of Grubbenvorst-Online among older adults? (2) What are their expectations and perceived impact of Grubbenvorst-Online regarding local participation, their social network, mutual informal caregiving, and feelings of connectedness?

Methods
An observational pretest-posttest study was conducted. Participants were recruited via a web-based message on the Grubbenvorst-Online platform and data were collected via postal questionnaires among older users at the start of the study and 4 months later. Data regarding the expectations and the perceived impact of Grubbenvorst-Online were compared and tested.

Results
Forty-seven Grubbenvorst-Online users with an average age of 74 years participated in this study. They were healthy, predominantly “internet-skilled,” and they found the internet important for maintaining social contacts. In general, the use of the online community care platform decreased during the 4-month follow-up period. The perceived impact of Grubbenvorst-Online was significantly lower than that expected regarding information provision (P=.003), seeking help from fellow villagers (P<.001), giving help to fellow villagers (P<.001), and consulting care or welfare services (P<.001).

Conclusions
The findings of this study indicate that online community care platforms perhaps do not provide enough “added value” in their current form. We suggest a new direction in which online community care platforms primarily support existing offline initiatives aimed at stimulating local participation, informal caregiving, and feelings of connectedness.
Relationship Between COVID-19 Infection and Risk Perception, Knowledge, Attitude, and Four Nonpharmaceutical Interventions During the Late Period of the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: Online Cross-Sectional Survey of 8158 Adults
Authors: Xu Hong , Gan Yong , Zheng Daikun , Wu Bo , Zhu Xian , Xu Chang , Liu Chenglu , Tao Zhou , Hu Yaoyue , Chen Min , Li Mingjing , Lu Zuxun , Chen Jack 
Published: October 2020

Background
So far, there have been no published population studies on the relationship between a COVID-19 infection and public risk perception, information source, knowledge, attitude, and behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak in China.

Objective
This study aims to understand the relationships between COVID-19 infection; four personal nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs; handwashing, proper coughing habits, social distancing, and mask wearing); and public risk perception, knowledge, attitude, and other social demographic variables.

Methods
An online survey of 8158 Chinese adults between February 22 and March 5, 2020, was conducted. Bivariate associations between categorical variables were examined using Fisher exact test. We also explored the determinants of four NPIs as well as their association with COVID-19 infection using logistic regression.

Results
Of 8158 adults included, 57 (0.73%) were infected with COVID-19. The overwhelming majority of respondents showed a positive attitude (n=8094, 99.2%), positive risk perception (n=8146, 99.9%), and high knowledge levels that were among the strongest predictors of the four adopted NPIs (handwashing: n=7895, 96.8%; proper coughing: 5997/6444, 93.1%; social distancing: n=7104/8158, 87.1%; and mask wearing: 5011/5120, 97.9%). There was an increased risk of COVID-19 infection for those who did not wash their hands (2.28% vs 0.65%; risk ratio [RR] 3.53, 95% CI 1.53-8.15; P=.009), did not practice proper coughing (1.79% vs 0.73%; RR 2.44, 95% CI 1.15-5.15; P=.03), did not practice social distancing (1.52% vs 0.58%; RR 2.63, 95% CI 1.48-4.67; P=.002), and did not wear a mask (7.41% vs 0.6%; RR 12.38, 95% CI 5.81-26.36; P<.001). For those who did practice all other three NPIs, wearing a mask was associated with a significantly reduced risk of infection compared to those who did not wear a mask (0.6% vs 16.7%; P=.04). Similarly, for those who did not practice all or part of the other three NPIs, wearing a mask was also associated with a significantly reduced risk of infection. In a penalized logistic regression model including all four NPIs, wearing a mask was the only significant predictor of COVID-19 infection among the four NPIs (odds ratio 7.20, 95% CI 2.24-23.11; P<.001).

Conclusions
We found high levels of risk perception, positive attitude, desirable knowledge, as well as a high level of adopting the four NPIs. The relevant knowledge, risk perception, and attitude were strong predictors of adapting the four NPIs. Mask wearing, among the four personal NPIs, was the most effective protective measure against COVID-19 infection, with added preventive effect among those who practiced all or part of the other three NPIs.
Peran Moral Disengagement dan Kepemimpinan Etis terhadap Intensi Korupsi pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil
Authors: Hikmah Asfira Tadwimil 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan moral disengagement dan kepemimpinan etis terhadap intensi korupsi pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS). Sebanyak 100 PNS pada beberapa dinas pemerintahan di Kota Yogyakarta menjadi partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Metode penelitian ini adalah survei menggunakan tiga skala, yaitu Moral Disengagement Scale yang telah diadaptasi oleh Maharani, Ethical Leadership Scale yang telah diadaptasi oleh Seliamang, dan Skala Intensi Korupsi oleh Nayoan. Analisis regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan bahwa moral disengagement secara signifikan mampu memprediksi intensi korupsi pada PNS sebanyak 13% (F = 14,583; p < 0,05). Artinya, PNS yang memiliki moral disengagement yang tinggi, maka akan memiliki intensi korupsi yang tinggi, dan juga sebaliknya. Namun, kepemimpinan etis tidak mampu memprediksi intensi korupsi pada PNS (p > 0,05). Analisis tambahan menemukan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan intensi korupsi berdasarkan jenis kelamin maupun usia.
Editorial - Preprint e postprint em publicações científicas e no Direito: discussões e medidas para ciência aberta e divulgação de pesquisas
Authors: Vasconcellos Vinicius Gomes de , De-Lorenzi Felipe 
Published: October 2020

Recentemente, a Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal alterou suas políticas editoriais para, em conformidade com as diretrizes de Scielo e COPE, autorizar e incentivar o depósito de manuscritos em servidores certificados de preprint e postprint, de modo a ampliar a publicidade, a transparência e a celeridade na divulgação dos resultados de pesquisas científicas. Neste editorial, a partir de revisão bibliográfica, busca-se examinar alguns aspectos dessas práticas científicas, como sua origem, definição, benefícios e problemas, com foco na utilização nas ciências jurídicas – em particular, as criminais. Conclui-se que a tendência de ampliação de preprints aporta um cenário de novas perspectivas à produção de conhecimento e à editoração de revistas científicas, contribuindo com a consolidação de medidas para uma ciência aberta. Seus riscos e benefícios devem ser ponderados com cautela, mas os potenciais benefícios se sobressaem, como a maior celeridade na divulgação científica e a possibilidade de maior debate para aprimoramentos na pesquisa até a sua publicação definitiva.
HR i det 21. århundrede: Udviklingstrends og nye roller
Authors: B. Andersen Brian , S. Andersen Joakim , Brøns Kringelum Louise 
Published: October 2020

Flere HR-afdelinger er i en transformationsproces for at gøre den værdi, de medvirker til at skabe i organisationen mere eksplicit. Samtidig har den teknologiske udvikling medvirket til en omfattende automatisering af de klassiske HR-opgaver, som skaber nye præmisser for, hvordan HR-afdelinger kan medvirke til at skabe vækst og organisatorisk succes.
I indeværende artikel præsenteres de udfordringer, som HR-afdelinger står over i det 21. århundrede gennem et litteraturreview af den seneste forskning inden for HR-feltet. Gennem interviews med HR-ansvarlige i tre større danske organisationer diskuteres de fremtidige udfordringer i en dansk kontekst. Derved sættes fokus på HR’s rolle, værdiskabelse og relevans for organisationers udvikling i det 21. århundrede.
Pemodelan Robot Kinematik Manipulator menggunakan MATLAB
Authors: Purwoto Bambang Hari 
Published: October 2020

Manipulator robot memiliki 4 DOF (Degree of Freedom), semua sambungan bersifat revolute serta dilengkapi dengan pointer di end-effector. Proyek ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinematika maju dan terbalik dari robot manipulator yang didesain dengan menggunakan SolidWorks untuk mendapatkan model 3-D dan menggunakan Sismscape Multibody Link generasi pertama untuk mengekspor CAD agar mendapatkan format file XML dan STL. Kemudian memersekusi file XML dengan Jendela perintah MATLAB untuk memperoleh diagram blok robot di Simulink. Mengembangkan GUI (Graphical User Interfaces) menggunakan Matlab untuk mengendalikan lengan dan menentukan kinematika maju dan terbalik. Pertama, membuat skema robot yang akan digambar dengan semua dimensi yang berlabel. Selanjutnya, tetapkan bingkai koordinat ke diagram robot sesuai dengan algoritme DH (Denavit-Hartenberg) dan kinematika maju lengkap akan dianalisis pada robot menggunakan persamaan Homogeneous Transformation Matrix yang memerlukan notasi. Hasil akhir dari Homogeneous Transformation Matrix akan menghasilkan orientasi dan posisi dari end-effector. Selain itu, analisis kinematika terbalik juga akan dilakukan pada dua titik yang diasumsikan, misalnya, mengangkat dan menempatkan dalam ruang kerja dengan menggunakan simulasi GUI sehingga akan diperoleh nilai sudut dari setiap joint.
Referoinnin keinoista ja funktioista populaarissa tietokirjallisuudessa
Authors: Vitikka Elina 
Published: October 2020

Arvioitu teos:
Olga A. Pilkington: Presented discourse in popular science. Professional voices in books for lay audiences. Studies in Pragmatics 17. Leiden: Brill 2018. 190 s. isbn 978-90-04-36596-4. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004365971.
Aproximación a la temática de la fantasía: confluencia temática del espacio y la familia en los cuentos infanto-juveniles de Luis Carlos Suárez
Authors: Cespedes Ginarte Lohema , Pompa Chávez Yanel 
Published: October 2020

Al ser la narrativa un espacio en el que se conjugan escritor y lector es una vía factible para el estudio en las ciencias sociales. “Aproximación a la temática de la fantasía: confluencia temática del espacio y la familia en los cuentos infanto-juveniles de Luis Carlos Suárez” constituye un acercamiento a las letras cubanas y de suerte a los procesos comunicacionales en y entre los infantes. Para esta ocasión, se caracteriza el panorama de la creación literaria infantil y juvenil en Cuba, y sus tendencias, ofreciendo una valoración crítica y actualizada del fenómeno, un acercamiento al espectro sociocultural en el que se insertan el autor y su obra. Posteriormente, se aplica todo el aparato conceptual a los textos objeto de análisis y se reconocen la fantasía, la realidad y el espacio como aristas confluyentes dentro de la familia para determinar que estas se expresan desde una perspectiva estética y social identificadas con las tendencias contemporáneas del género representativas de las problemáticas sociales de la etapa.
Pandemia, jóvenes y precarización laboral
Authors: Cruz Tolosa Dylan Braian 
Published: October 2020

En el presente trabajo se ofrecen aproximaciones a las condiciones contractuales, materiales y subjetivas que atraviesan el cotidiano de les jóvenes en el marco de sus jornadas laborales en las plataformas digitales en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), Argentina. En este sentido, se abordan los procesos de precarización laboral y se identifican los impactos y las consecuencias objetivas y subjetivas en les trabajadores, la conformación de identidades, las potencialidades de la organización colectiva y los desafíos actuales de una actividad que, en el contexto de la Pandemia por COVID-19, fue declarada esencial en todo el mundo.
Diagnóstico del espacio vivido para contribuir a aprendizajes situados
Authors: Lapomarda Liliana 
Published: October 2020

El trabajo relata la experiencia de un proyecto de investigación desarrollado con la comunidad educativa del Bachillerato de Bellas Artes de la UNLP. En esta experiencia se construyó un proceso de mapeo colectivo por curso, donde les estudiantes evidenciaron las dimensiones de la ciudad de La Plata que toman relevancia en su experiencia y diferentes modos de vincularlas a los procesos de aprendizaje que tienen epicentro en la escuela que los nuclea. A su vez, se realizó un acercamiento a las prácticas docentes del departamento de ciencias sociales y las estrategias que estos emplean para construir aprendizajes situados.
Oratoria y expresividad en la virtualidad
Authors: Burgos Melissa 
Published: October 2020

Oratoria y expresividad integra una instancia optativa en la formación de los estudiantes de 5to y 6to año del Bachillerato de Bellas Artes. Este espacio está destinado al estudio del decir y el expresar, posibilitando a los estudiantes a pensarse como comunicadores responsables de lo que llega a un otro. La materia pretende generar un estudio y reconocimiento del cuerpo y las emociones como comunicadores. La experiencia artística se respalda en lo expresivo y comunicativo, atendiendo a un lugar en el cual no se suele profundizar. La materia se desarrollo en un contexto de virtualidad no prevista.
Investigation of a maxillary nerve block technique in healthy New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Peña Taryn , Campoy Luis , de Matos Ricardo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To investigate use of a candidate maxillary nerve block in rabbits.

ANIMALS
13 healthy New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

PROCEDURES
In phase 1, the maxillary nerve block procedure was performed in 7 sedated rabbits with 2 volumes (0.25 and 0.5 mL) of a saline (0.9% NaCl)-tissue marker dye solution (1 injection/side by random assignment). Rabbits were euthanized and dissected; numeric scales were used to rate injection accuracy and extent of staining. In phase 2, the nerve block was performed with articaine hydrochloride-epinephrine solution (0.5 mL) on a randomly assigned side in 6 sedated rabbits, with the contralateral side used as a control. Sensory function of the relevant dermatome was tested in triplicate with an algesiometer 0, 30, and 90 minutes after recovery from sedation. Statistical methods were used to compare results between injection volumes (phase 1) and between treated and control sides (phase 2).

RESULTS
In phase 1, dye was in contact with the targeted nerve after 13 of 14 injections. Accuracy and extent of staining did not differ significantly between volumes. In phase 2, algesiometer-applied force tolerance differed significantly between treated and control sides 30 minutes after recovery from sedation (56 to 145 minutes after the nerve block procedure). No adverse effects were detected in either study phase.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The described technique for a maxillary nerve block was accurate and effective for desensitization of the relevant dermatome as assessed by algesiometry in healthy rabbits. Additional studies are needed to assess use of this procedure in rabbits of other breeds and its efficacy for clinical use. (Am J Vet Res 2020;81:843-848)
Accuracy of tidal volume delivery by five different models of large-animal ventilators
Authors: Floriano Dario , Hopster Klaus , Driessen Bernd 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the accuracy of tidal volume (VT) delivery among 5 different models of large-animal ventilators when tested at various settings for VT delivery, peak inspiratory flow (PIF) rate, and fresh gas flow (FGF) rate.

SAMPLE
4 different models of pneumatically powered ventilators and 1 electrically powered piston-driven ventilator.

PROCEDURES
After a leak flow check, each ventilator was tested 10 times for each experimental setting combination of 5 levels of preset VT, 3 PIF rates, and 4 FGF rates. A thermal mass flow and volume meter was used as the gold-standard method to measure delivered VT. In addition, circuit systems of rubber versus polyvinyl chloride breathing hoses were evaluated with the piston-driven ventilator. Differences between preset and delivered VT (volume error [δVT]) were calculated as a percentage of preset VT, and ANOVA was used to compare results across devices. Pearson correlation coefficient analyses and the coefficient of determination (r2) were used to assess potential associations between the δVT and the preset VT, PIF rate, and FGF rate.

RESULTS
For each combination of experimental settings, ventilators had δVT values that ranged from 1.2% to 22.2%. Mean ± SD δVT was 4.8 ± 2.5% for the piston-driven ventilator, compared with 6.6 ± 3.2%, 10.6 ± 2.9%, 13.8 ± 2.97%, and 15.2 ± 2.6% for the 4 pneumatic ventilators. The δVT increased with higher PIF rates (r2 = 0.69), decreased with higher FGF rates (r2 = 0.62), and decreased with higher preset VT (r2 = 0.58).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results indicated that the tested ventilators all had δVT but that the extent of each of δVT varied among ventilators. Close monitoring of delivered VT with external flow and volume meters is warranted, particularly when pneumatic ventilators are used or when very precise VT delivery is required.
Ventilated postmortem computed tomography to evaluate the lungs of dogs with and without focal lung lesions
Authors: Lau Michelle Pui Yan , Yong Foo Timothy Siang , Podadera Juan Manuel , Makara Mariano 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To identify the optimal ventilation pressure for ventilated postmortem CT assessment of the lungs in cadaveric dogs and compare the optimal ventilation pressures between dogs with and without focal lung lesions.

SAMPLE
12 cadaveric dogs.

PROCEDURES
CT was performed with dogs positioned in sternal recumbency within 30 to 180 minutes after death. After orotracheal intubation, lungs were aerated to ventilation pressures of 0, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 cm H2O. Lung attenuation measurements were made at 5 predetermined anatomical locations with use of a multi-image analysis graphic user interface tool. Lungs were considered hyperaerated (−1000 to −901 HU), normo-aerated (−900 to −501 HU), poorly aerated (−500 to −101 HU), and nonaerated (−100 to 100 HU) on the basis of lung attenuation values. Optimal ventilation pressure was defined as the pressure at which the percentage of normo-aerated lung was greatest. For analysis, dogs were assigned to one group when focal lung lesions were evident and to another group when lesions were not evident.

RESULTS
Median optimal ventilation pressure was significantly higher for those dogs with lung lesions (35 cm H2O), compared with those without (25 cm H2O).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
A ventilation pressure of 35 cm H2O may be considered for ventilated postmortem CT to determine the presence of focal lung lesions; however, further investigation is required.
Comparison of histomorphometric characteristics of dorsal colon and pelvic flexure biopsy specimens obtained from horses with large colon volvulus that underwent resection
Authors: Gonzalez Liara M. , Baker W. True , Hughes Faith E. , Blikslager Anthony T. , Fogle Callie A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the degree of histomorphometric damage in dorsal colon and pelvic flexure biopsy specimens (DCBSs and PFBSs, respectively) obtained from horses with large colon volvulus (LCV) and assess the accuracy of predicting short-term outcome for those horses on the basis of DCBS or PFBS characteristics.

ANIMALS
18 horses with ≥ 360° LCV that underwent large colon resection.

PROCEDURES
During surgery, biopsy specimens from the dorsal colon resection site and the pelvic flexure (when available) were collected from each horse. Interstitial-to-crypt (I:C) ratio (ratio of the lamina propria space occupied by the interstitium to that occupied by crypts), hemorrhage within the lamina propria (mucosal hemorrhage score [MHS] from 0 to 4), and percentage losses of glandular and luminal epithelium were determined in paired biopsy specimens and compared to determine optimal cutoff values for calculating the accuracy of DCBS and PFBS characteristics to predict short-term outcome (survival or nonsurvival after recovery from surgery).

RESULTS
Paired biopsy specimens were obtained from 17 of the 18 horses. The I:C ratio and percentage glandular epithelial loss differed between DCBSs and PFBSs. For DCBSs, an I:C ratio ≥ 0.9 and MHS ≥ 3 each predicted patient nonsurvival with 77.8% accuracy. For PFBSs, an I:C ratio ≥ I and MHS ≥ 3 predicted patient nonsurvival with 70.6% and 82.4% accuracy, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Although different, histomorphometric measurements for either DCBSs or PFBSs could be used to accurately predict short-term outcome for horses with LCV that underwent large colon resection, and arguably PFBSs are easier to collect.
Two Applications of Inter-Criteria Analysis with Belief Functions
Authors: Dezert Jean , Tchamova Albena , Fidanova Stefka , Han Deqiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper we present two applications of a new Belief Function-based Inter-Criteria Analysis (BF-ICrA) approach for the assessment of redundancy of criteria involved in Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) problems. This BF-ICrA method allows to simplify the original MCDM problem by suppressing redundant criteria (if any) and thus diminish the complexity of MCDM problem. This approach is appealing for solving large MCDM problems whose solution requires the fusion of many belief functions. We show how this approach can be used in two distinct fields of applications: The GPS surveying problem, and the car selection problem.
Optimal Semi-Competitive Intermediation Networks
Authors: Bădică Amelia , Bădică Costin , Ganzha Maria , Ivanović Mirjana , Paprzycki Marcin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this work we address the problem of optimizing collective profitability in semi-competitive intermediation networks defined as augmented directed acyclic graphs. Network participants are modeled as autonomous agents endowed with private utility functions. We introduce a mathematical optimization model for defining pricing strategies of network participants. We employ welfare economics aiming to maximize the Nash social welfare of the intermediation network. The paper contains mathematical results that theoretically prove the existence of such optimal strategies. We also discuss computational results that we obtained using a nonlinear convex numerical optimization package.