bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive impairment is a common comorbidity in COVID-19 deceased patients. A hospital-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Martín-Jiménez Paloma , Muñoz-García Mariana I. , Seoane David , Roca-Rodríguez Lucas , García-Reyne Ana , Lalueza Antonio , Maestro Guillermo , Folgueira Dolores , Blanco-Palmero Víctor A. , Martín Alejandro Herrero-San , Llamas-Velasco Sara , Pérez-Martínez David A. , González-Sánchez Marta , Villarejo-Galende Alberto 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionLittle is known about the relation of cognitive impairment (CI) to COVID-19 mortality. Here, we analyse the frequency of CI in deceased COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe included 477 adult cases that died after admission from March 1 to March 31, 2020: 281 with confirmed COVID-19, 58 probable COVID-19, and 138 who died of other causes.ResultsThe number of comorbidities was high in the confirmed COVID-19, and CI was common (30%: 21.1% dementia; 8.9% mild cognitive impairment). Subjects with CI were older, more lived in nursing homes and had shorter times from symptom onset to death than those without CI. COVID-19 patients with CI were rarely admitted to the ICU and fewer received non-invasive mechanical ventilation, but palliative care was provided more often.ConclusionsDementia is a frequent comorbidity in COVID-19 deceased patients. The burden of COVID-19 in the dementia community will be high.
Benchmarking Deep Learning Models and Automated Model Design for COVID-19 Detection with Chest CT Scans
Authors: He Xin , Wang Shihao , Shi Shaohuai , Chu Xiaowen , Tang Jiangping , Liu Xin , Yan Chenggang , Zhang Jiyong , Ding Guiguang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCOVID-19 pandemic has spread all over the world for months. As its transmissibility and high pathogenicity seriously threaten people’s lives, the accurate and fast detection of the COVID-19 infection is crucial. Although many recent studies have shown that deep learning based solutions can help detect COVID-19 based on chest CT scans, there lacks a consistent and systematic comparison and evaluation on these techniques. In this paper, we first build a clean and segmented CT dataset called Clean-CC-CCII by fixing the errors and removing some noises in a large CT scan dataset CC-CCII with three classes: novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), common pneumonia (CP), and normal controls (Normal). After cleaning, our dataset consists of a total of 340,190 slices of 3,993 scans from 2,698 patients. Then we benchmark and compare the performance of a series of state-of-the-art (SOTA) 3D and 2D convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The results show that 3D CNNs outperform 2D CNNs in general. With extensive effort of hyperparameter tuning, we find that the 3D CNN model DenseNet3D121 achieves the highest accuracy of 88.63% (F1-score is 88.14% and AUC is 0.940), and another 3D CNN model ResNet3D34 achieves the best AUC of 0.959 (accuracy is 87.83% and F1-score is 86.04%). We further demonstrate that the mixup data augmentation technique can largely improve the model performance. At last, we design an automated deep learning methodology to generate a lightweight deep learning model MNas3DNet41 that achieves an accuracy of 87.14%, F1-score of 87.25%, and AUC of 0.957, which are on par with the best models made by AI experts. The automated deep learning design is a promising methodology that can help health-care professionals develop effective deep learning models using their private data sets. Our Clean-CC-CCII dataset and source code are available at: https://github.com/HKBU-HPML/HKBU_HPML_COVID-19.
Does susceptibility to novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection differ by age?: Insights from mathematical modelling
Authors: Omori Ryosuke , Matsuyama Ryota , Nakata Yukihiko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAmong Italy, Spain, and Japan, the age distributions of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) mortality show only small variation even though the number of deaths per country shows large variation. To understand the determinant for this situation, we constructed a mathematical model describing the transmission dynamics and natural history of COVID-19 and analyzed the dataset of fatal cases of COVID-19 in Italy, Spain, and Japan. We estimated the parameter which describes the age-dependency of susceptibility by fitting the model to reported data, taking into account the effect of change in contact patterns during the outbreak of COVID-19, and the fraction of symptomatic COVID-19 infections. Our modelling study revealed that if the mortality rate or the fraction of symptomatic infections among all COVID-19 cases does not depend on age, then unrealistically different age-dependencies of susceptibilities against COVID-19 infections between Italy, Japan, and Spain are required to explain the similar age distribution of mortality but different basic reproduction numbers (R0). Variation of susceptibility by age itself cannot explain the robust age distribution in mortality by COVID-19 in those three countries, however it does suggest that the age-dependencies of i) the mortality rate and ii) the fraction of symptomatic infections among all COVID-19 cases determine the age distribution of mortality by COVID-19.
The ‘Icarus effect’ of preventative health behaviors
Authors: Carrignon Simon , Bentley R. Alexander , Silk Matthew , Fefferman Nina H. 
Published: June 2020

1AbstractOngoing efforts to combat the global pandemic of COVID-19 via public health policy have revealed the critical importance of understanding how individuals understand and react to infection risks. We here present a model to explore how both individual observation and social learning are likely to shape behavioral, and therefore epidemiological, dynamics over time. Efforts to delay and reduce infections can compromise their own success, especially in populations with age-structure in both disease risk and social learning —two critical features of the current COVID-19 crisis. Our results concur with anecdotal observations of age-based differences in reactions to public health recommendations. We show how shifting reliance on types of learning affect the course of an outbreak, and could therefore factor into policy-based interventions.
Worries and concerns among healthcare workers during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic: a web-based cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sahashi Yuki , Endo Hirohisa , Sugimoto Tadafumi , Nabeta Takeru , Nishizaki Kimitaka , Kikuchi Atsushi , Matsumoto Shingo , Sato Hiroyuki , Goto Tadahiro , Hasegawa Kohei , Matsue Yuya 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare workers (HCWs) treating and caring for patients with emerging infectious diseases often experience psychological distress. However, the psychological impact and behavior change of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic among HCWs are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the worries and concerns of HCWs regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsIn this cross-sectional survey, a web-based questionnaire was distributed among HCWs working in hospitals or clinics across Japanese medical facilities from April 20 to May 1, 2020. The questionnaire comprised items on demographics, worries and concerns, perceptions regarding the sufficiency of information, and behavioral changes pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsA total of 4386 HCWs completed the survey; 1648 (64.7%) were aged 30-39 years, 2379 (54.2%) were male, and 782 (18.1%) were frontline HCWs, directly caring for patients with COVID-19 on a daily basis. 3500 HCWs (79.8%) indicated that they were seriously worried about the pandemic. The most frequent concern was the consequence of becoming infected on their family, work, and society (87.4%). Additionally, the majority (55.5%) had restricted social contact and almost all HCWs endorsed a shortage in personal protective equipment (median, 8/9 (interquartile range; 7-9) on a Likert scale). There was no significant difference in the degree of worry between frontline and non-frontline HCWs (8/9 (7-9) vs. 8/9 (7-9), p=0.25). Frontline HCWs, compared to non-frontline HCWs, were more likely to have the need to avoid contact with families and friends (24.8% vs. 17.8%, p<0.001) and indicated that they cannot evade their professional duty during the COVID-19 pandemic (9/9 (7-9) vs. 8/9 (6-9), p<0.001). Further, the extremely low proportion of frontline HCWs reported that they would take a leave of absence to avoid infection (1.2%).ConclusionsBoth frontline and non-frontline HCWs expressed comparable concerns regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Because HCWs, especially frontline HCWs, reported that they cannot be obliged to do avoid their duty, effective mental health protection strategies should be developed and implemented for HCWs.
Integrated approach for risk management in servitization decision-making process
Authors: Dahmani Sarra , Boucher Xavier , Gourc Didier , Peillon Sophie , Marmier François 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe paper proposes an innovative systemic method helping decision-makers to control servitization transition process, through decision process risk diagnosis.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed method is based on the modeling of decision processes and risk identification and analysis. This method was based on an action-research approach, in close relationship with two companies (SMEs). The paper develops the feasibility experiment at Automelec company.FindingsThe method was successfully implemented and delivered concrete diagnosis results.Research limitations/implicationsThe generalization of the applicability of the method needs to be tested on several different cases.Practical implicationsThe first practical implication is related to the efficiency of the method to help decision-makers in a servitization context to limit uncertainty and get a global view of the weaknesses of their decision-making process, it raises their awareness about servitization transition for their companies. Furthermore, the method also helps to explain the strategy of a servitization transition. It enhances the level of maturity of the decision process of the company, and can be used as a training/learning tool for managers.Social implicationsThe results brought by the research contribute to give the decision-making boards for organization living a servitization transition and especially SMEs a better control over the servitization decision process and related risks, which will increase the economic stability of the company and its vision over long, medium and short horizons. This will bring positive impact on the overall economic and social environment and networks of the servitized SME, and enhance the confidence of coworkers, subcontractors and clients.Originality/valueThe first originality of the paper is related to the new way of considering risk, not only as an analysis criterion but as the central driver in steering a strategic transition for the company, such as servitization. The second originality of the study is about assessing risk occurrence over a decision-making process through decision reliability and decision confidence.
Using look-ahead plans to improve material flow processes on construction projects when using BIM and RFID technologies
Authors: Chen Qian , Adey Bryan T. , Haas Carl , Hall Daniel M. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeBuilding information modelling (BIM) and radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies have been extensively explored to improve supply chain visibility and coordination of material flow processes, particularly in the pursuit of Industry 4.0. It remains challenging, however, to effectively use these technologies to enable the precise and reliable coordination of material flow processes. This paper aims to propose a new workflow designed to include the use of detailed look-ahead plans when using BIM and RFID technologies, which can accurately track and match both the dynamic site needs and supply status of materials.Design/methodology/approachThe new workflow is designed according to lean theory and is modeled using business process modeling notation. To digitally support the workflow, an integrated BIM-RFID database system is constructed that links information on material demands with look-ahead plans. The new workflow is then used to manage material flows in the erection of an office building with prefabricated columns. The performance of the new workflow is compared with that of a traditional workflow, using discrete event simulations. The input for the simulations was derived from expert opinion in semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe new workflow enables contractors to better observe on-site status and differences between the actual and planned material requirements, as well as to alert suppliers if necessary. The simulation results indicate that the new workflow has the potential to reduce the duration of the material flow processes by 16.1% compared with the traditional workflow.Research limitations/implicationsThe new workflow is illustrated using a real-world-like situation with input data based on expert opinion. Although the workflow shows potential, it should be tested on a real-world site.Practical implicationsThe new workflow allows project participants to combine detailed near-term look-ahead plans with BIM and RFID technologies to better manage material flow processes. It is particularly useful for the management of engineer-to-order components considering the dynamic site progress.Originality/valueThe research improves on existing research focused on using BIM and RFID technologies to improve material flow processes by showing how the workflow can be adapted to use detailed look-ahead plans. It reinforces data-driven construction material management practices through improved visibility and reliability in planning and control of material flow processes.
Improved 3D electromagnetic analytical model for planar induction heater with consideration of transverse edge effects
Authors: Messadi Mohammed , Hadjout Larbi , Ouazir Youcef , Bensaidane Hakim , Takorabet Noureddine , Lubin Thierry , Mezani Smail 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a new 3D electromagnetic model to compute translational motion eddy current in the conducting plate of a novel linear permanent magnet (PM) induction heater. The movement of the plate in a DC magnetic field created by a PM inductor generates induced currents that are at the origin of a heating power by Joule effect. These topologies have strong magnetic end effects. The analytical model developed in this work takes into account the finite length extremity effects of the conducting plate and the reaction field because of induced currents.

Design/methodology/approach
The developed model is based on the combination of the sub-domain’s method and the image’s theory. First, the magnetic field expressions because of the PMs are obtained by solving the three-dimensional Maxwell equations by the method of separation of variables, using a magnetic scalar potential formulation and a magnetic field strength formulation. Then, the motional eddy currents are computed using the Ampere law, and the finite length extremity effects of the conducting plate are taken into account using the image’s method. To analyze the accuracy of the proposed model, the obtained results are compared to those obtained from 3D finite element model (FEM) and from experimental tests performed on a prototype.

Findings
The results show that the developed analytical model is very accurate, even for geometries where the edge effects are very strong. It allows directly taking into account the finite length extremity effects (the transverse edge effects) of the conducting plate and the reaction field because of induced currents without the need of any correction factor. The proposed model also presents an important reduction in computation time compared to 3D finite element simulation, allowing fast analysis of linear PM induction heater.

Practical implications
The proposed electromagnetic analytical model can be used as a quick and accurate design tool for translational motion PM induction heater devices.

Originality/value
A new 3D analytical electromagnetic model, to find the induced power in the conducting plate of a novel translational motion induction heater has been developed. The studied heating device has a finite length and a finite width, which create edge effects that are not easily considered in calculation. The novelty of the presented method is the accurate 3D analytical model, which allows finding the real power heating and real distribution of the induced currents in the conducting plate without the need to use correction factor. The proposed model also takes into account the reaction field because of induced currents. In addition, the developed model improves an important reduction in the computation time compared with 3D FEM simulation.
Numerical solution of Lane-Emden type equations using Adomian decomposition method with unequal step-size partitions
Authors: Umesh Umesh , Kumar Manoj 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to obtain the highly accurate numerical solution of Lane–Emden-type equations using modified Adomian decomposition method (MADM) for unequal step-size partitions.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the authors describe the standard Adomian decomposition scheme and the Adomian polynomials for solving nonlinear differential equations. After that, for the fast calculation of the Adomian polynomials, an algorithm is presented based on Duan’s corollary and Rach’s rule. Then, MADM is discussed for the unequal step-size partitions of the domain, to obtain the numerical solution of Lane–Emden-type equations. Moreover, convergence analysis and an error bound for the approximate solution are discussed.

Findings
The proposed method removes the singular behaviour of the problems and provides the high precision numerical solution in the large effective region of convergence in comparison to the other existing methods, as shown in the tested examples.

Originality/value
Unlike the other methods, the proposed method does not require linearization or perturbation to obtain an analytical and numerical solution of singular differential equations, and the obtained results are more physically realistic.
A multi-national validity analysis of the argumentativeness measure
Authors: Croucher Stephen Michael , Kelly Stephanie , Burkey Mark , Spencer Anthony , Gomez Oscar , Del Villar Carmencita , Eskiçorapçı Nadirabegim 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The argumentativeness measure has been used in more than a 100 studies since 1982. The measure was developed and validated within a US university/college student sample. Despite its intended use, the measure is regularly used outside of the US and outside of the university/college setting without tests of validity. There is also intense debate as to the dimensionality of the measure, with one camp defending the bi-dimensionality of the measure and another proposing uni-dimensionality. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the utility of the measure outside of its intended population.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of seven samples were collected (n = 1860) from the UK, Germany, France, Turkey, the Philippines, Nicaragua and the US. In this study, Infante and Rancer’s (1982) original 20-item argumentativeness measure was used to assess argumentativeness. Confirmatory factor analyses was used to test content validity.

Findings
Fit statistics were consistently poor for the unidimensional factor structure. As there is debate as to whether the measure is uni or bi-dimensional, a bi-dimensional fit was also analysed. The measure performed slightly better in each sample using a bi-dimensional factor structure. However, fit statistics were still poor for each sample.

Research limitations/implications
Specifically, the seven samples are convenience samples. While such a sampling technique does limit the generalizability of a study’s findings, convenience samples are common when using the argumentativeness measure. These results present avenues for exploring the dimensionality of the argumentativeness measure and for revisiting cross-cultural examinations of argumentativeness.

Practical implications
Factor structure is a critical issue in validity. Whether authors specify their prediction or not, factor structure is always hypothesized as part of a study when measurements are used, and therefore, should be examined in every study as part of the scientific process. Making claims about human behaviour based upon measures with mis-specified factor structures or other validity issues can lead to the perpetuation of misinformation within the literature.

Originality/value
This is one of the few studies to empirically explore the psychometric properties of one of the most used measures in argument/conflict research. In doing so, this study enhances the understanding of decades of argumentativeness research.
Job strain, gender and well-being at work: a case study of public sector line managers
Authors: Jonsdottir Inga Jona , Rafnsdottir Gudbjorg Linda , Ólafsdóttir Thorhildur 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to further the understanding of public sector line managers' work-related well-being and health in relation to job strain, gender and workplace social support.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was sent to all senior and middle line managers (N = 357) in three administrative departments of Iceland's largest municipality. The response rate was 64.7%. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the data.FindingsA minority of respondents experience high job strain. However, for these managers, the risk of experiencing emotional exhaustion is about fivefold, compared to those not experiencing high job strain. Social support is an important buffering against job strain and enhances well-being. Female managers are more likely than their male counterparts to report myositis, back or shoulder pain and sleeping difficulty.Practical implicationsThe study emphasises that workplace social support attenuates the negative impact of job strain on line managers' work-related well-being. Furthermore, it demonstrates that in a society at the forefront in gender equality, gender differences in health symptoms exist among line managers in the public sector – a finding that highlights the importance of studying all aspects of workplace well-being by gender. This calls for future research using a more comprehensive survey data and interviews to shed light on the pathways through which female line managers' health is negatively affected.Originality/valueKnowledge relating to well-being and health of line managers in the public sector is scarce. This study contributes to filling that gap. As work-related well-being is often gender-blind, the value of the study is also the investigation of the gender patterns in the authors’ data.