bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Milk productivity of cows when haylage with biological preservatives is included in the diet
Authors: Karamaev Sergey , Karamaeva Anna , Soboleva Natalia , Bakaeva Larisa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn the Middle Volga region, galega orientalis is used as a promising fodder crop for the legume family. The main disadvantage of galega orientalis is poor silage due to the low sugar content in plants. To eliminate this drawback, Laxil and Silostan biologics have been developed, which are based on live cultures of lactic acid bacteria. The aim of the research was to study the influence of haylage from galega orientalis, prepared with the addition of biological preservatives to the green mass, on milk productivity and milk quality of Holstein cows. In the experimental groups, compared with the control, the quality of haylage, indicators of scar metabolism, digestibility of nutrients in the diet, milk productivity of cows and milk quality were studied. It was found that in 1 kg of silage of the experimental trenches, the contents of metabolic energy, digestible protein, crude fiber were higher. With the inclusion of silage in the ration, the number of bacteria, ciliates, the content of protein nitrogen, the proportion of acetic acid in the composition of volatile fatty acid (VFA) were increased in the rumen fluid in cows. Cows better digested the dry matter of feed, crude protein, and crude fiber. As a result, the yield of milk of cows for 305 days of lactation in terms of basic fat and protein was higher by 11.6-15.9%. The chemical composition and physical properties of milk have improved by all studied indicators.
Design method of technological module for small feed milling plants
Authors: Pakhomov Viktor , Braginets Sergey , Bakhchevnikov Oleg , Benova Elena , Babadzanyan Arkady 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The present research is aimed to develop the method of designing technological modules for small feed milling plants. The method consists in efficient placement of the machinery in a frame of a standard module having dimensions of a 20-foot container. The heuristic method of sequentially-single placement of the machinery was applied. The limits and restrictions imposed on placement of machines in the standard module were defined. It was defined that the heuristic method of sequential single placement of the machinery is preferable for production location under condition of limited sizes as it is effective for hardware diagrams with low connectivity. The method is implemented according to the developed incremental algorithm of consecutive single placement of machinery objects in a standard module taking into account their place in a technological chain, overall dimensions, minimum distance between objects, minimal bonding distance to already placed objects and imposed restrictions. The result of algorithm execution represents the diagram of technology machinery in a module on the horizontal plane which can be transformed to a three-dimensional view. The developed method will allow hastening the design process and facilitating decision-making for designers.
Information support system for management decisions in the agricultural sector
Authors: Borisenko Ilya , Gangur Marina , Kobylko Andrey , Romanov Dmitry , Smirnova Olga 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
There is a need in modern agriculture to automate many processes, including automation of taking decision or the providing of current information for taking decisions by responsible person. The aim of the project is to automate the control of the growth of crops or livestock with the help of various devices, such as sensors of various types, analyzing the microclimate of the site according to such characteristics as humidity, air temperature, ground, RFID - tags, GPS - module for analyzing the location of livestock on the farm and intelligent information system that processes the data coming from sensors. The emergence of smart agriculture (Internet of things in agriculture) will facilitate taking decision for owners and responsible persons. Decision making is also facilitated by the quality interface of the information system, which includes the characteristics of data from all types of devices. An additional factor complicating making decision is the ambiguity of the data, which in turn leads to some conflicts. A Petri nets-based model can be used to model and analyse risks. Analysing the model using Petri nets, it can be argued that it is a powerful modelling tool and can be useful in the agricultural sector for selecting the best element from the set, or modelling of data flows.
Small-sized irradiation structures for intensive year-round cultivation of green vegetable crops
Authors: Yudaev Igor , Stepanchuk Gennadiy , Kaun Oleg , Ukraitsev Maksim , Ponamareva Natalia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Full and healthy human nutrition is characterized by the presence of green vegetable crops in the diet, which are rich in vitamins and useful components for humans. The need for them is observed year-round and all-season. Therefore, green vegetable products must be grown not only using traditional industrial technologies, but also in small businesses and private households. The realization of technology is ubiquitous, year-round cultivation of leafy vegetable crops in an artificial environment is possible using small-sized forms of cultivation facilities – irradiation chambers and boxes, grow boxes, phytotrons, etc. In this case, the main technological operation is the necessary light mode for plants: with the spectrum necessary for plants development and growth, with the necessary intensity and mode of irradiation. The developed irradiation units (camera and box) allow growing green vegetables at any time of the year, in any territory allotted for this, in the quantity necessary for consumption, etc. These units allow automatically monitoring the parameters of the air environment and soil, and, if necessary, adjusting it to create a comfortable environment for plant development. Experimental studies and processing of the results allowed concluding that by varying the spectrum and intensity of light-emitting diodes in the developed structures of irradiation units depending on the growth phase of green vegetable crops, it is possible to obtain products of higher consumer and commercial quality, with the necessary biochemical composition and characteristics.
Analytical study of the design parameters of the grinding unit of disk harrows
Authors: Konovalov Vladimir , Konovalov Sergey , Igumnova Victoria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article describes the need for multiple passes with disc harrows to increase the degree of grinding of crop residues when preparing the soil for sowing winter cereal crops after row crops. The effectiveness of using additional grinding units for disk harrows is indicated in order to increase the technological efficiency and reliability of the soil preparation process. The analytical dependences are proposed for determining the radius of the grinding unit and the number of bars depending on the structural and technological parameters of the process, biometric parameters of the cut stems and soil hardness, subject to the established cutting value. As an example, a calculation based on the initial data from the reference literature is presented. Based on the obtained dependencies, graphs were constructed, and their analysis was carried out in order to determine ways to increase the efficiency of using the grinding unit. To increase the efficiency of the grinding unit, additional ballast weights and the manufacture of bar fasteners at different distances from the axis of rotation are proposed as technological adjustments.
Specific aspects of forecasting electrical energy losses in electricity networks
Authors: Tsygulev Nikolay , Khlebnikov Vladimir , Voronina Yekaterina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The present paper considers methods of predicting load losses under varied types of electrical energy loss characteristics. The method of forecasting electrical energy losses with the use of one-factor (planned electrical supply to network) and multi-factor (planned values of electrical supply to network, energy output from electric power stations, etc.) characteristics of power and energy losses is proposed. Static models of nodal loads and parameters of equivalent network are used. The paper substantiates the application of multi-factor characteristics for assessing electrical energy losses during regulatory period. The paper provides the solution of the system of nonlinear equations describing long-term balance plans for electrical energy and gives the results of predicting load losses of electrical energy.
Cultivation technology of sesame seeds and its production in the world and in Egypt
Authors: Sharaby Noureldin , Butovchenko Andrey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sesame crop is one of the oldest oil producing crops around the world, which has a high ability to adapt to tropical and semi-tropical regions. Sesame seeds are widely involved in making healthy foods, which is increasingly in demand nowadays. Moreover, they have positive effects on human health because of their contain of nutrients, antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins.The purpose of this work is to give a general view of the sesame crop in terms of physical and chemical properties, which affect the design and work of agricultural machinery that used for sowing sesame seeds, as well as aims to give a global overview of available sesame cultivation technology and its development in different regions of the world to indicate the gaps and make future recommendations. The low cultivated area of the sesame seeds in many countries is caused by the low labor, which is a fundamental factor in addition to using the traditional methods of planting and sowing sesame seeds such as hand planting, and limited use of mechanically planting such as row planteruntil.
Synthesis of multifunctional composite coatings with improved anti-friction properties for agricultural machinery
Authors: Kochetov Andrey , Fisunova Elena , Kochetov Ivan , Baryshnikova Olga 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to the synthesis of multifunctional composite coatings with improved antifriction properties in a complex acoustic field realized by means of two quasi-coherent sources of ultrasonic vibrations. The developed device for acoustic synthesis, which is based on the cavitation effect, allows developing high effective pressure values from 100 to 1000 bar in the shock wave, when the cavitation cavity collapses. The highly concentrated effect of the device on the composition ingredients synthesizes new compounds, are impossible to obtain under ordinary conditions. The process is fully controllable and allows imparting unique properties to the finished product, among which a special place should be given to the variable value of the friction coefficient. It depends on the external load and the high wear resistance value of the surface layer of the multifunctional composite protective coating. There is a problem of improving the energy efficiency of agricultural machinery and equipment. The solution to this problem is associated with the use of innovative technologies based on implementing the highly concentrated energy sources. The aim of the research is to optimize the process of obtaining multifunctional composite coatings with improved antifriction properties based on mass transfer of the electrode material and the subsequent formation of structures with predicted physical and mechanical properties. In order to achieve this goal, a generalized model of applying multifunctional composite coatings using the electro-acoustic spraying method has been developed.
Development of a model for improving operating performance of vehicles
Authors: Glushchenko Andrey , Khokhlov Alexey , Molochnikov Denis , Salakhutdinov Ilmas , Proshkin Evgeny , Gayaziev Ilnar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article describes the process of developing a model for improving the operational performance of vehicles. The development of the model is based on the interconnection and mutual influence of the basic elements of the vehicle. Since the internal combustion engine is the source of energy and the driving force, its performance directly affects the operation properties of the vehicle. In turn, they mainly depend on the nature of the working process and engine parameters. Therefore, a change in the technical and operational indicators of the engine will entail a change in the operational indicators of the vehicle on which it is installed. An information model of the influence of engine parameters on vehicle operational indicators allows establishing that, for a certain time of operation and fixed values of operating modes, improvement of vehicle performance is possible by changing the technical and operational parameters of the engine. At the same time, considering the functioning model of the internal combustion engine as a certain multidimensional and multilevel system, it was found that the working process taking place in the engine and the design parameters of its mechanisms have the greatest impact on changing engine parameters. The main working process takes place in the engine cylinder. Therefore, the details of the cylinder-piston group will have the greatest impact on the change in the engine output parameters. The use of mathematical modeling in solving this problem allows developing a concept for improving the performance of a vehicle, and optimizing the process of choosing ways to upgrade a vehicle and engine.
Theoretical determination of the harvester propulsion type for rice harvesting
Authors: Masienko Ivan , Grigoryan Garik , Shevchenko Sergey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Theoretical justification of the choice of harvester propulsion for rice harvesting is presented in the paper. The main features of rice harvesting were described. Moreover, soil bearing capacity is the main factor that limited the use of different harvesters in the climatic conditions of the Krasnodar krai. Thus, the numerical model was developed to determine the specific types of harvesters. The model took into account correlations of design parameters and soil rheological properties with the rut depth. The results of the calculations made it possible to justify the mass of the harvester depending on the actual bearing capacity of the soil during the harvesting period for the conditions of the Krasnodar krai.
Scheduling system for programed manipulator motion pattern of the parallel structure with flexible links
Authors: Valiukevich Iurii , Naumov Ivan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The use of manipulators with various designs has been recently increasing in the industry. The main construction types of manipulators are considered to be serial and parallel structures. In turn, parallel manipulators can be divided into flexible and rigid joints. The use of manipulators with parallel structures and flexible links in a number of industry fields can increase operational performance, but this type of manipulator remains the least studied. In the present research, an attempt is made to consider a method for planning the motion pattern of a manipulator gripper with parallel structures and flexible links. Planning the movement pattern of gripper is determined by the DDA algorithm (digital differential analyzer). The problem of forming the control actions on the automatic control system of the electrical drive for the links of the manipulator is considered. The results of full-scale modeling on a real model of a cable parallel structure manipulator are presented. The general functional diagram of the manipulator control is also considered in the research.
Production and use of basic technological facilities for BAT in the food and processing industries of agribusiness
Authors: Nemenushchaya Lyudmila , Konovalenko Lyudmila , Shchegolikhina Tatiana 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The best available technologies (BAT) for the food and processing industry are presented. They are included in the Russian information and technical reference books (ITR-43, ITR-44, ITR-45). The state of production and applying the facilities for BAT in following areas specified in references: slaughter and primary processing of livestock; milk processing; production of meat products, sugar and vegetable oils; processing and preserving of fruits and vegetables. The level of technical import dependence in these areas is presented.
Growing grain of winter wheat without the use of herbicides
Authors: Izotov Anatolii , Tarasenko Boris , Dudarev Dmitrii 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The models for predicting the contamination of winter wheat crops are presented, including a method of tillage, sowing time and sowing density. They make it possible, after appropriate calculations, to establish the parameters of agricultural practices, the use of which allows growing high grain yield of winter wheat without the use of herbicides, thereby making its growing technology more environmentally friendly and less energy-intensive, reducing not only the cost of grain but also natural environment pollution.
Convective flows along the bodies of animals
Authors: Petunina Irina , Konovalova Oksana 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The production of high-quality livestock products is associated with the creation of optimal microclimate parameters in the premises for animals. Animals are a source of heat, and the convective flows formed along the body and the associated temperature mass-transfer fields, as well as the stresses arising under conditions of non-equilibrium interaction with the external environment, are of practical interest. In solving the stated problem of heat and mass transfer, we adopted an approximately convective flow consisting only of a vortex layer of free turbulence and considered the momentum equations of the lifting forces arising from heating and the amount of excess heat in the jet. It was assumed that the heat transfer per unit area of the warm surface is constant in height and length of the cylinder. As a result of a theoretical study of heat and mass transfer, the dependences of speed, excess temperatures, and convective flow were established. Analysis of the obtained dependences made it possible to conclude that the speed along the body increases with increasing mass of animals. This creates the prerequisites for using the heat generated by them to maintain the necessary temperature parameters of the air in the room. It is concluded that it is necessary to use only the upflows to provide animals with the necessary amount of oxygen. The resulting convective flow along the body of animals of different masses varies with a constant increase in the growth of animals. The upflows formed around the body of the animal are strong enough and lead to the rise of significant masses of air. Taking into account the physiology of cattle, it was concluded that the prepared air should be supplied to the heads of animals, as up to 30% of heat and carbon dioxide is released during exhalation, and animals’ bodies should be flooded with air in piggery.
Relationship of catalase activity distribution in serum and tissues of small experimental animals
Authors: Boriskin Pavel , Deviatkin Anatoliy , Nikitin Aleksey , Pavlova Olga , Toropovskiy Andrey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the process of physiological activity of the body, a wide range of toxic metabolites is formed, in particular, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and hydroxyl radical, which have a destructive effect on cells and cell membranes. One of the natural body protection mechanisms is the enzyme catalase, which accelerates the decomposition of constantly formed hydrogen peroxide to the final products, while oxidizing low molecular alcohols and nitrites, involved in the process of cellular respiration and does not require energy for activation. Catalase activity in blood and tissues is a marker of metabolic disorders. Catalase is localized mainly in the peroxisomes and cytoplasm of the cell, saturates the erythrocytes, liver and kidneys. Catalase activity allows assessing the level of endotoxicosis in the body. In order to study the relationship of the distribution of catalase concentration in serum and rat tissues, the following tasks were solved: the concentration of catalase in serum and tissues of the liver, brain, heart, as well as in skeletal muscle tissues of rats was determined; the correlation of catalase concentration distribution in blood serum and tissues of rat was revealed. The paper presents the results of nonparametric correlation analysis to assess the relationship of catalase activity distribution in serum and tissues of small experimental animals.
Peculiarities of metabolism of rams obtained from crossing ewes of Kalmyk fat-tailed breed with dorper rams
Authors: Pogodaev Vladimir , Sergeeva Natalia , Marchenko Vyacheslav 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To increase the production of mutton, it is necessary to improve the genetic resources of sheep with precocity and high meat productivity. In this regard, the meat breed Dorper has gained its popularity, which has good meat qualities. The aim of this paper is to study the hematological parameters in the blood of the Kalmyk fat-tailed breed and hybrids (1/2 Kalmyk fat-tailed × ½ dorper). The work was carried out in LLC “Agrofirma Aduchi”, the Republic of Kalmykia in 2017. It is established that hybrids have a high content of hemoglobin, leukocytes, erythrocytes in the blood, which indicates the activation of redox processes in the body, and confirms their higher growth rates during cultivation. The content of total protein in the blood serum increased with age and was within the physiological norm. At 4 months of age, in the serum of lambs of group II, there was more total protein by 4.86 g/l (7.39%) (P > 0.95), and at 8 months of age – by 5.16 g/l (7.74%) (P > 0.99), than in peers of the control group. Crossbred calves were significantly superior to purebred animals also in blood serum, albumin, activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase. The activation of metabolic processes in the body of local sheep contributed to a high energy of growth in comparison with purebred peers of Kalmyk fat-tailed breed.
Thickness of vibrational mechanochemical solid-lubricant coating in friction pairs of transport engineering products
Authors: Ivanov Vladimir , Popov Sergey , Marchenko Julianna , Marchenko Edward , Dontsov Nikolai , Timofeev Sergey 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper studies the thickness of the vibrational mechanochemical solid-lubricant coating of molybdenum disulfide which is widely used in transport and technological systems.
Innovative technologies of using promising phyto-fortificants in bakery products of high nutritional value
Authors: Volkova Alla , Sysoev Vladimir , Blinova Oksana , Trots Alia , Prazdnichkova Natalya 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The studies in the field of designing recipe compositions and technologies for new kinds of bakery products, including those enriched with physiologically functional ingredients, are now very relevant and promising, since they allow organizing nutrition on a scientific and hygienic basis, and focusing on the health aspect is one of the most powerful factors of bakery products liquidity. The aim of the study was an experimental substantiation for the use of grain ingredients, medicinal plant raw materials, carotene-containing raw materials and a food protein additive based on grain flour enriched with the mycelium of white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) in the production of functional bread. A systematic analysis of the bakery production technology of products enriched with promising phyto-fortificants serves as the methodological basis of the study. According to the selected methodology, the problem of selecting and justifying the use of phyto-fortificants in the recipe of bakery products, as well as improving the prescriptions of bakery products using promising phyto-fortificants, was solved. It has been found that applying of phyto-fortificants has a positive effect on the dough maturation processes.