bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serious Gaming Technology in Upper Extremity Rehabilitation: Scoping Review
Authors: Koutsiana Elisavet , Ladakis Ioannis , Fotopoulos Dimitris , Chytas Achilleas , Kilintzis Vassilis , Chouvarda Ioanna 
Published: November 2020

Background
Serious gaming has increasingly gained attention as a potential new component in clinical practice. Specifically, its use in the rehabilitation of motor dysfunctions has been intensively researched during the past three decades.

Objective
The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the current role of serious games in upper extremity rehabilitation, and to identify common methods and practice as well as technology patterns. This objective was approached via the exploration of published research efforts over time.

Methods
The literature search, using the PubMed and Scopus databases, included articles published from 1999 to 2019. The eligibility criteria were (i) any form of game-based arm rehabilitation; (ii) published in a peer-reviewed journal or conference; (iii) introduce a game in an electronic format; (iv) published in English; and (v) not a review, meta-analysis, or conference abstract. The search strategy identified 169 relevant articles.

Results
The results indicated an increasing research trend in the domain of serious gaming deployment in upper extremity rehabilitation. Furthermore, differences regarding the number of publications and the game approach were noted between studies that used commercial devices in their rehabilitation systems and those that proposed a custom-made robotic arm, glove, or other devices for the connection and interaction with the game platform. A particularly relevant observation concerns the evaluation of the introduced systems. Although one-third of the studies evaluated their implementations with patients, in most cases, there is the need for a larger number of participants and better testing of the rehabilitation scheme efficiency over time. Most of the studies that included some form of assessment for the introduced rehabilitation game mentioned user experience as one of the factors considered for evaluation of the system. Besides user experience assessment, the most common evaluation method involving patients was the use of standard medical tests. Finally, a few studies attempted to extract game features to introduce quantitative measurements for the evaluation of patient improvement.

Conclusions
This paper presents an overview of a significant research topic and highlights the current state of the field. Despite extensive attempts for the development of gamified rehabilitation systems, there is no definite answer as to whether a serious game is a favorable means for upper extremity functionality improvement; however, this certainly constitutes a supplementary means for motivation. The development of a unified performance quantification framework and more extensive experiments could generate richer evidence and contribute toward this direction.
Class A Orphans (version 2020.5) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database
Authors: Alexander Stephen P.H. , Battey Jim , Benson Helen E. , Benya Richard V. , Bonner Tom I. , Davenport Anthony P. , Dhanachandra Singh Khuraijam , Eguchi Satoru , Harmar Anthony , Holliday Nick , Jensen Robert T. , Karnik Sadashiva , Kostenis Evi , Liew Wen Chiy , Monaghan Amy E. , Mpamhanga Chido , Neubig Richard , Pawson Adam J. , Pin Jean-Philippe , Sharman Joanna L. , Spedding Michael , Spindel Eliot , Stoddart Leigh , Storjohann Laura , Thomas Walter G. , Tirupula Kalyan , Vanderheyden Patrick 
Published: November 2020

Table 1 lists a number of putative GPCRs identified by NC-IUPHAR [194], for which preliminary evidence for an endogenous ligand has been published, or for which there exists a potential link to a disease, or disorder. These GPCRs have recently been reviewed in detail [150]. The GPCRs in Table 1 are all Class A, rhodopsin-like GPCRs. Class A orphan GPCRs not listed in Table 1 are putative GPCRs with as-yet unidentified endogenous ligands.Table 1: Class A orphan GPCRs with putative endogenous ligands

GPR3
GPR4
GPR6
GPR12
GPR15
GPR17
GPR20

GPR22
GPR26
GPR31
GPR34
GPR35
GPR37
GPR39

GPR50
GPR63
GRP65
GPR68
GPR75
GPR84
GPR87

GPR88
GPR132
GPR149
GPR161
GPR183
LGR4
LGR5

LGR6
MAS1
MRGPRD
MRGPRX1
MRGPRX2
P2RY10
TAAR2

In addition the orphan receptors GPR18, GPR55 and GPR119 which are reported to respond to endogenous agents analogous to the endogenous cannabinoid ligands have been grouped together (GPR18, GPR55 and GPR119).
Influence of the Вimension of the Mathematical Model of Internal Ballistics and Back Pressure on the Calculated Parameters of the Shot
Authors: Rusyak I. G. , Tenenev V. A. , Dryakhlov R. R. 
Published: November 2020

В работе дана постановка основной задачи внутренней баллистики в осредненных параметрах, отличительной особенностью которой является учет в рамках допущений термодинамического подхода распределения давления и скорости газа по заснарядному пространству для канала переменного сечения. При интегрировании уравнений по времени применяется двухшаговая схема Рунге – Кутта со вторым порядком точности. Представлена также постановка основной задачи внутренней баллистики в рамках одномерного газодинамического подхода. Для численного решения системы газодинамических уравнений применяется метод контрольного объема. Параметры газа на границах контрольных объемов определяются с использованием автомодельного решения задачи о распаде произвольного разрыва. Проведено сравнение решений, полученных в рамках термодинамического и газодинамического подходов при различных параметрах заряжания в рамках задачи Лагранжа. Изучено влияние уширения камеры на распределение внутрибаллистических параметров выстрела и противодавления на динамику движения снаряда. Представлено сравнение учета противодавления, как давления за отошедшей ударной волной, полученной из аналитического решения задачи о сверхзвуковом движении поршня в трубе с постоянной скоростью, и давления, действующего на снаряд, определяемого из решения нестационарных одномерных уравнений газовой динамики.
Structuroscopy of Heat-Treated Steel Bars by the Speed of Propagation of Rayleigh Waves
Authors: Murav’ev V. V. , Budrin A. Yu. , Sintsov M. A. 
Published: November 2020

В статье обсуждаются вопросы возможности оценки структурного состояния после разных видов и режимов термической обработки прутков из стали 45 по результатам измерения скорости рэлеевской волны с использованием метода многократной тени. Для обеспечения разработанной методики использован дефектоскоп ДЭМА и специальный накладной электромагнитно-акустический (ЭМА) преобразователь с системой подмагничивания. Преобразователь обеспечивает возбуждение и прием рэлеевских волн, распространяющихся по окружности прутка. Исследованы образцы прутков в состояниях поставки, отжига, нормализации, закалки и отпуска. Для качественного измерения скоростей рэлеевских волн измерены диаметры прутков с точностью 0,01 мм. Представлены результаты изменения скорости рэлеевской волны в прутках при всех режимах термической обработки. В состоянии поставки скорость рэлеевской волны в прутке составила 3017 м/с. Скорость рэлеевской волны в прутке после закалки упала до 2995 м/с. После нормализации скорость рэлеевской волны увеличилась до 3049 м/с. Постепенное увеличение температуры отпуска приводит к увеличению скорости волны. Полученные экспериментальные данные показывают, что отпуск при температуре 600 °С и нормализация при 850 °С увеличивают скорость распространения рэлеевской волны в прутке на 55 м/с относительно закалки без отпуска, что свидетельствует о схожих структурных состояниях в поверхностных слоях образцов.
Shooting Simulator «Inhibitor»: Software for Aiming Point Recorder
Authors: Egorov S. F. , Kornilov I. G. , Shelkovnikov Yu. K. , Kiznertsev S. R. , Korobeynikova I. V. , Markov E. M. 
Published: November 2020

Описывается программное обеспечение для определения точки прицеливания тактического тренажера оптико-электронного для стрелкового оружия «Ингибитор», разработанного в Институте механики УдмФИЦ УрО РАН и на кафедре «Вычислительная техника» ИжГТУ имени М. Т. Калашникова совместно с АО «Концерн «Калашников».Приводится тактико-техническое задание на функциональные возможности регистратора оптико-электронного координат точки прицеливания имитатора оружия с лазерным излучателем, указаны требования по погрешности и по углам фиксации. Предложенная и исследованная схема на базе трех блоков из двух ортогональных ПЗС-линеек и цилиндрических линз позволяет фиксировать середину лазерного пятна по двум направлениям с требуемой точностью и быстродействием. Управление линейками осуществляется по приведенному алгоритму работы. Разработана математическая модель перевода отсчетов ПЗС-линейки в координаты экрана и разработано программное обеспечение для ее тарировки по искусственным изображениям, приводятся результаты испытаний регистратора на погрешность определения координат. Разработан протокол для передачи координат в программное обеспечение тренажера с внутренней синхронизацией данных.Сделан вывод о перспективности дальнейших исследований и разработке электронных стрелковых тренажеров благодаря совершенствованию и удешевлению элементной базы и развитию программных библиотек с целью повышения точности тренажеров, расширения функциональных возможностей, снижения себестоимости и, значит, повышения конкурентоспособности.
Stereotypes of representations about HIV, contributing to the epidemic growth
Authors: Antonova D. V. , Bocharov V. V. , Chrustaleva N. S. 
Published: November 2020

The aim of the study was to explore the common misconceptions about HIV as a determinant of the HIV epidemic growth and as a factor affecting disease outcomes.Materials and methods. The study involved 136 persons (50 persons with blood-borne infection route, 50 persons with heterosexual transmission, 36 persons without HIV). As research methods a special clinical map was used, as well as an author’s questionnaire, which allows to register the characteristics of risky behavior in relation to infection and the characteristics of the life situation of the disease. Statistical data processing included the deﬁnition of primary statistics, the Fisher criterion, ANOVA.Study results. A frequent occurrence of distorted representations about HIV was noted in all groups. It has been established that people living with HIV and healthy respondents do not differ in the frequency of HIV testing. The features of the life situation of the disease related to the method of the disease transmission were revealed in the study. It has been established that people living with HIV with different infection route differ in the frequency of late HIV diagnosis, the presence of AIDS, refusal of treatment. The results determine the need to increase public awareness of the disease and correct distorted representations about it.
HIV antibody screening and ways to improve it to address the problem of containing the spread of HIV infection
Authors: Sisin Ye. I. , Golubkova A. A. , Alimov A. V. , Lelenkova Ye. V. , Mahorina T. V. , Piterskiy M. V. 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the study is to determine the current trends in the development of the HIV epidemic process for individual subjects of the Ural Federal district (UFD) and the possibility of corrective measures to update the practice based on the results of screening tests for HIV antibodies.Materials and methods. The study used information from form 4 of the Federal statistical observation «Information on the results of blood tests for HIV antibodies» in the amount of 26,1 million studies for 2009–2018, information from 2,488 questionnaires from two biopsychological studies among commercial sex workers (CSR) and persons in prison. Research result. It was found that, despite the increase in the incidence of HIV infection in the period 2009–2018, the estimated Hurst indicator for the studied time period characterized the long-term dynamics of the incidence as antipersistent. Among MSM and patients with STIs, there is a marked tendency to increase the detection of HIV infection. Among commercial sex workers (CSR) and people in prison, the results of a sentinel bio-behavioral study found high detection of HIV antibodies against the background of risky sexual behavior.According to the indicators of the frequency of detection of antibodies to HIV in screening studies, the territories of the greatest potential risk of HIV infection were determined. In dynamics, there was an increase in the number of studies and the detection of HIV infection among those examined for clinical and epidemic indications (codes 113, 120) and stabilization of the detection of HIV infection among injecting drug users (code 102).Conclusion. In the period 2016–2018, the sexual route of infection became predominant among HIV-infected people. The greatest intensity of HIV infection was observed among such categories of the population covered by official statistics and who are representatives of groups with a predominant HIV infection, such as MSM and patients with STIs. At the same time, there was a decrease in HIV surveys among these populations with an increase in detection.The results of behavioral studies among DCS and persons in prison demonstrate high detection of HIV antibodies among them, as well as the presence of risky sexual behavior. Screening for HIV infection requires additional optimization.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DUOLINGO TO TEACH DESCRIPTIVE TEXT IN SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
Authors: Ayu Dyah , Anggraeni Anita 
Published: November 2020

Reading is a process of communication. The process of reading can be stated through direct communication or by writing as well imagination of the reader that can be expressed in daily activities. This article discussed how to apply the Duolingo application using techniques that apply a scientific approach method in teaching reading process. The subject of this research consist of 38 students. The aim of this article was to find out the extent of the students understanding in reading seeing the right words and readings that are in the application. Descriptive qualitative was used in this research. Based on the result, Duolingo application that applied in learning descriptive text can help the students in learning process. Keywords: Duolingo, Reading, Descriptive Text, Scientific Approach
INDONESIAN RELATIVE CLAUSES AND ITS SIMILARITIES IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Authors: Ambarita Rosmita , Mulyadi Mulyadi 
Published: November 2020

This article discusses several points on the topic of Indonesian relative clauses and some foreign languages. The method used in this research is descriptive contrastive analysis. The focus is on finding some results from previous papers on how the languages share similarities and differences as well as how they differ with English. In this case it was found that Indonesian relative clauses are known as being distinctive and different from structured English counterparts. Meanwhile, there is a tendency that relative Indonesian clauses always use passive constructs to relate noun phrases or nouns in complex sentences. Keywords: Relative Clauses, Foreign Language
PENGARUH TANGIBLE DAN RESPONSIVENESS TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA GARUDA PLAZA HOTEL MEDAN
Authors: Irma Ade 
Published: November 2020

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tangible dan responsiveness terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pada Garuda Plaza Hotel Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 orang yang pernah menginap di Garuda Plaza Hotel Medan. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner yang pengukurannya dengan skala likert dan diolah secara statistik menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dan pengujian hipotesis dengan uji F, uji t dan koefisien determinasi yang sebelumnya data telah diuji menggunakan uji validitas, uji reliabilitas dan uji asumsi klasik. Pengolahan data menggunakan program SPSS 21.0 for windows. Secara parsial tangible dan responsiveness berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pada Garuda Plaza Hotel Medan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel tangible dan responsiveness secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai Fhitung > Ftabel (41,482 > 3,09) dan nilai signifikannya 0,000 < 0,05. Uji koefisien determinasi menunjukkan nilai sebesar 0,461 yang berarti bahwa tangible dan responsiveness berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 46,1% sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Kata Kunci: tangible, responsiveness, kepuasan pelanggan. Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of tangible and responsiveness on customer satisfaction at Garuda Plaza Hotel Medan. This studi uses quantitative methods with sampling techniques using simple random sampling techniques, with a total sample of 100 people who have stayed at Garuda Plaza Hotel Medan. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out by distributing questionnaires which were measured with a likert scale and processed statistically using multiple linear regression analysis and testing hypotheses with the F test, t test and coefficient of determination before the data had been tested using validity, reliability and test classical assumption. Data processing using SPSS 21.0 for windows. Partially tangible and responsiveness have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction at Garuda Plaza Hotel Medan. Based on the result of the study indicate that tangible and responsiveness variables simultaneously affect customer satisfaction. This can be seen from the value of Fcount > Ftable (41,482 > 3,09) and the significance value is 0,000 < 0,05. The coefficient of determination test shows a value of 0,461 which menas that tangibility and responsiveness affect customer satisfaction by 46,1% while the rest is influenced by other variables. Keywords: tangible, responsiveness, customer satisfaction.
Pengaruh Persepsi Tentang Koperasi, Pendidikan dan Latihan Dasar serta Motivasi Berkoperasi Terhadap Minat Berkoperasi Mahasiswa
Authors: Yanti Ria Rahma 
Published: November 2020

Pemberitaan-pemberitaan yang didengar oleh masyarakat mengenai koperasi berdampak terhadap persepsi yang terbentuk dan akhirnya mempengaruhi minat berkoperasi secara umum. Gerakan koperasi pada tingkat pendidikan tinggi dikenal dengan Koperasi mahasiswa (KOPMA), dimana diberikan ruang dan kesempatan bagi mahasiswa dalam belajar menjalankan sebuah organisasi yang tidak hanya bergerak di bidang usaha namun juga non usaha yang dapat menambah pengalaman. KOPMA UNJ memiliki rangkaian program pendidikan dan pelatihan (diklat) diantaranya diklat dasar.Minat mahasiswa untuk bergabung dengan KOPMA menjadi sebuah dilema yang dihadapi para pengurus karena jumlah mereka yang ingin bergabung didominasi alasan untuk berjualan bukan mengenai koperasi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode regresi berganda dengan. Variabel persepsi tentang koperasi (X1), Pendidikan dan pelatihan dasar (X2) dan Motivasi berkoperasi (X3) terhadap minat berkoperasi (Y). Sampel penelitian sebanyak 61 mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti pendidikan dan pelatihan dasar yang diselenggarakan oleh Kopma UNJ. Hasil analisis dengan tingkat signifikansi 5% adalah Pendidikan dan pelatihan dasar serta motivasi berkoperasi mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap minat berkoperasi sedangkan persepsi tentang koperasi tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap minat berkoperasi. Keywords: Koperasi, Persepsi, Pendidikan dan pelatihan, Motivasi, Minat
Comparison between Recorded and Measured Radiation Doses in Diagnostic Full-field Digital Mammography: A Phantom Study
Authors: Asbeutah Akram Mahmoud , Brindhaban Ajit 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
There are concerns regarding the difference between directly recorded and measured entrance skin dose (ESD) and average glandular dose (AGD) in full-field digital mammography (FFDM). The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of different exposure parameters on ESD and AGD recorded directly and measured from an FFDM unit using a phantom.

Material and Methods:
The ESD and AGD of 27 FFDM (craniocaudal [CC] projection) images of tissue-equivalent phantoms were acquired using a general electric (GE Senographe Essential) FFDM unit. The phantoms were used to simulate three different breast thicknesses and compositions. Tube potential, tube load, and target/ filter combinations also were recorded directly from the FFDM unit.

Results:
The mean differences between the directly recorded and measured ESD and AGD were 0.23 and 0.080, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals for ESD and AGD were 0.1–0.36 and 0.04–0.10, respectively. Results of paired t-test showed statistically significant difference between the directly recorded and measured ESD (P = .001) and AGD (P < .001). A positive and significant correlation was noted between the directly recorded and measured ESD (r = 0.85, P < .001) and AGD (r = 0.91, P < .001).

Conclusion:
This observation confirms that we can use the directly recorded doses obtained from an FFDM for quality control program.
IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INCLUSION, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES IN EDUCATION AND HEALTH SECTORS ON HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Authors: Simatupang Mulia 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper in to assess the impact of financial inclusion and government expenditures in education and health sectors in order to increase human development index. Government expenditures has important role to support economic growth and welfare for its people. Fiscal policy expenditures in education and health sectors are kind of significant government policy to increase human development. It is believed that financial inclusion has also important role to reduce poverty and indirectly increase human development index. Financial inclusion has positive impacts to human development index component along with government expenditures in education and health sector. In the years ahead, The Government should prioritize and increase budget in order to increase human resources quality in Indonesia.
Znaczenie i rola kuratora przy przestępstwach przeciwko rodzinie – na przykładzie przestępstwa znęcania się
Authors: Witkowska-Rozpara Katarzyna 
Published: November 2020

W artykule podjęto próbę ukazania roli i znaczenia oddziaływań kuratora w procesie orzeka- nia oraz wykonywania kary pozbawienia wolności z warunkowym zawieszeniem jej wykonania, orzeczonej wobec sprawców znęcania się (art. 207 k.k.).
Realizowane przez kuratora zadania mają niezwykle istotne znaczenie w kontekście właści- wego ukształtowania oraz wykonania warunkowego zawieszenia wykonania kary orzeczonego wobec wskazanej grupy sprawców. Z jednej bowiem strony, wykonywane przez kuratora zada- nia wiążą się z dostarczeniem organowi orzekającemu w sprawie szczegółowych informacji na temat sprawcy (wywiad środowiskowy), z drugiej zaś – obejmują swoiste monitorowanie zacho- wania sprawcy już na etapie wykonania kary (dozór, wykonanie obowiązków próby). Nie ulega jednak wątpliwości, że realizacja zarówno pierwszej, jak i drugiej odsłony roli kuratora może napotykać na przeszkody, które w konsekwencji – mogą wpływać na kształt rozstrzygnięcia oraz dalsze losy sprawcy.