bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Epidemiological analysis of CoVID-19: First report from South of Iran
Authors: Akbari Ali , Emami Amir , Javanmardi Fatemeh , Pirbonyeh Neda , Fadakar Nima 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the whole world’s effort for controlling, an ongoing global outbreak of lower respiratory tract disease, caused by new corona virus; led to a major public health issue. Current study aims to evaluate the characteristics of infected case in Fars, IranMethods: According to the referral of suspicious patients during one month, 2538 samples were evaluated and extracted for Viral RNA nucleic acids by using the Invitrogen ChargeSwitch® Total RNA Cell Kit (Invitrogen Co.). Data were recorded based on the standardized data collection forms shared by WHO and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium. Results: By 19 March 2020, 440 admitted patients had been identified with CoVID-19 confirmation. More than 50% of cases were men. Mean age were estimated 48.15 ±18.07. Of all the patients, 30 (6.81%) had a history of travel to Qom city, which was the first infected zone in Iran, also 92(20.90%) had close contact with contaminated or suspected individuals. The mortality rate was estimated 2. 95% (13 cases). Cardiovascular disease (25, 5.68%), diabetes (33, 7.5%), and hypertension (35, 7.95%) were the most common co-existing disorders. Patients with underlying disease are more in danger of death [OR: 11.64, (95%CI 3.14 – 43.18), p= 0.0002]. Conclusion: Human to human transmission of SARS-CoV-II causes Fars province in southwest of Iran become infected and 440 cases identified during one month. The SARS-Cov-2 is more likely to affect male sex and individuals with old age and underlying disorders.
Low hENT1 expression indicates poor prognosis in gemcitabine-treated pancreatic cancer patients
Authors: Xiao Jianchun , Zhao Fangyu , LUO WenHao , Yang Gang , Wang Yicheng , Qiu Jiangdong , Liu Yueze , You Lei , Zheng Lianfang , Zhang Taiping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is still a lethal disease and has a poor prognosis, gemcitabine-based chemotherapy is now the standard regimen in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine resistance is an important obstacle for effective treatment of patients and improvement in patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS).

Methods

We collected the surgical pathological tissue of pancreatic cancer patients who received radical surgery in our hospital from September 2004 to December 2014 continuously. 375 pancreatic cancer tissues and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues were employed for the construction of 4 tissue microarrays (TMAs). The quality of 4 TMAs was reexamined by HE staining. We did immunohistochemistry analysis to test hENT1 expression. The hENT1 antibody was used to measure hENT1 expression in TMAs by IHC staining according to standard protocols. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0. The clinical end points of patients were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and differences compared by log-rank test. Cox regression (proportional hazards model) was applied to determine the prognostic values of multivariate factors on patients’ overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS).

Results

The hENT1 protein expression in tumor tissues was much lower than in normal tissues (80.5±8.8 versus 89.5±8.9, p=0.005). A low hENT1 expression level indicated a significant poor outcome of PC patients, including shortened DFS(21.6±2.8 months versus 36.9±4.0 months, p<0.001) and OS(33.6±3.9 versus 39.6±3.9, p=0.004). A high hENT1 expression level was related to longer DFS (35.7±4.0 versus 20.6±2.7; p<0.0001). Similarly, patients with high hENT1 expression in gemcitabine-treated group showed longer overall survival OS compared with low expression group (39.4±4.0 versus 31.5±3.9, p=0.001). In contrast, no significant difference of DFS and OS was found in non-gemcitabine treated group between the expression level of hENT1 and the prognosis of patients (p=0.413 and p=0.152). A low hENT1 expression level in tumor tissues was an independent risk factor for PC recurrence or metastasis(HR 0.53; 95% CI: 0.39-0.72; p<0.001). In addition, a low expression level of hENT1 (HR 0.60; 95%CI: 0.43-0.82; p=0.001) was independent risk factors for overall survival of PC. Low hENT1 expression level predicted worse OS (HR 0.60; 95%CI: 0.43-0.82; p=0.002) and DFS (HR 0.56; 95%CI: 0.41-0.77; p<0.001) .

Conclusion

hENT1 was low expressed in tumor tissues and this decreased expression level indicated a worse outcome (including shortened OS and DFS) in patients who received gemcitabine treatment postoperatively.
New Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Injury and Bleeding Induced by Acute Unpleasant Exercise
Authors: Fan Fangcheng , Ai Yangwen , Liu Qingshan , Cheng Yong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
It remains unclear whether acute unpleasant exercise (AUE) caused by foot shocks leads to gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal injury and bleeding. In this study, we investigated the involvement of inflammatory cytokines in AUE-induced GI mucosal injury/bleeding and oxidative stress by analyzing the expressions of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in the hypothalamus and duodenum after foot shocks using PCR. Results showed that the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS were significantly increased following the process, while IL-10 was not activated. These findings suggest that the activation of inflammatory response system (IRS) is closely related to GI mucosal injury/bleeding and oxidative stress induced by AUE caused by foot shocks.
Assessment of Effect of Maternal Employment on Nutritional Status of Under Five Children In Mendera Kochi Kebele, Jimma Town, Jimma Zone, Ethiopia: Community Based Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Hurissa Bekana Fekecha , Asnake Haregwa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Malnutrition continues to be a critical public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. For example, in East Africa, 48% of children under- five are stunted while 36% are under weight. Poor health and poor nutrition are now more characteristics of children living in urban area than of children in rural areas. Therefore this study assessed the effect of maternal employment on nutritional status of under-five children at Mendera Kochi kebele of Jimma town South West of Ethiopia.Method: Community based cross sectional study design was conducted in Jimma town Mendera Kochi kebele from April15-May 05. Systematic sampling technique was used. Pre-tested structured questionnaires used for data collection. A total of 264 study subjects were interviewed. The collected data analyzed using SPSS 20 version.Result: Out of 264 total households the majority, 96(36.4%) of mothers were living in households with 3-4 or more family members. Out of 264 respondents 155(58.7%) were government employee, 93(35.3%) and the remaining were private and NGO employees. The income level of majority of respondents, 54.5% was between 1000 and1500. A total of 254 children aged 0–59 months were enrolled in this study. The age of the children in the study area, 6-12 months 89(35%), 12-24 months 111(43.6%), and 24-59 months 54(21.4%) respectively. Weight of children’s 53(21.1%) were between 1500-2500 gm, 40(16.1%) were between 2500-4000gm, 25(9.8%) were >4000gm and the rest were below 1500gm. 151(57.2%) children of working mothers had a mean upper arm circumference value of >=12.5. 51.1% of the children had height for age ranged from 90-95% percentiles. Conclusion- The children of working mothers were observed to achieve better nutritional status from their anthropometric measurement. Maternal employment is not a protective factor against diarrhea and acute respiratory infection.
Over-ocean dispersal inferred from the saltwater tolerance of lizards from Taiwan
Authors: Hsu Min-Hao , Lin Jhan-Wei , Liao Chen-Pan , Hsu Jung-Ya , Huang Wen-san 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFor non-marine organisms, crossing the sea requires the challenges of dehydration and hypersalinity to be faced. Thus, the rate of water loss and saltwater tolerance determine the ability of species to disperse over sea and further influence species distribution. However, this association between physiology and ecology has rarely been investigated in terrestrial vertebrates. In this study, we examined the lizard species differently distributed across Taiwan and the adjacent islands to determine whether these physiological responses reflect the geographical distribution. We performed immersion experiments on individuals and eggs to test the rate of water loss and the saltwater tolerance in the six chosen species, that is, four native species (Plestiodon elegans, Eutropis longicaudata, Diploderma swinhonis, and Hemidactylus frenatus) and two introduced species (E. multifasciata and Anolis sagrei). Results For the individuals, the results showed that P. elegans had the highest rate of water loss and the lowest saltwater tolerance, whereas E. longicaudata and E. multifasciata showed the lowest rate of water loss and the highest saltwater tolerance. D. swinhonis, H. frenatus, and A. sagrei had medium measurements compared with the aforementioned species. On the other hand, for the eggs, only the rigid-shelled eggs of H. frenatus were not influenced by the water immersion and were incubated successfully after experimental treatment. In contrast, the parchment-shelled eggs of E. longicaudata and D. swinhonis lost or gained water dramatically in the experiments, and none of them hatched after immersion. ConclusionsThese interspecies differences in water loss and saltwater tolerance strongly suggest the heterogeneity of over-ocean dispersal ability among these lizards. Combined with the historical geology and the origin areas of each species, the inferences of the results largely explain the current distribution of these lizards across Taiwan and the adjacent islands. Furthermore, this study also helps to elucidate the potential dispersal of two invasive species, E. multifasciata and A. sagrei, for conservation purposes.
In vitro conjugation kinetics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli donors and various Enterobacteriaceae recipients
Authors: Saliu Eva-Maria , Zentek Jürgen , Vahjen Wilfried 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enterobacteria pose a major hazard to public health. Due to the possibility of genetic transfer, ESBL genes might spread to pathogenic enterobacterial strains. Thus, information on possible genetic transfer between enterobacteria is of high interest. It was therefore the aim of this in vitro study to screen the capacity of a wide range of Enterobacteriaceae for time dependent differences in conjugation with five ESBL-producing Escherichia (E.) coli strains. Results: Conjugation frequencies for five potential E. coli donor strains, producing the enzymes CTX-M-1, CTX-M-15, SHV-12, TEM-1, TEM-52 and CMY-2, and six potential recipient strains (E. coli, Serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens, Enterobacter cloacae, Salmonella Typhimurium and Proteus mirabilis) were obtained. Hence, different combinations of donor and recipient strains were co-incubated for between 0 and 22 hours and spread on selective agar. Conjugation frequencies were calculated as transconjugants per donor. Some of the donor and recipient strain combinations did not show plasmid transfer within 22 hours. Hence, the recipient Proteus mirabilis did not accept plasmids from any of the given donors and E. coli ESBL10716 was not able to transfer its plasmid to any recipient. Enterobacter cloacae only accepted the plasmids from the donors E. coli ESBL10708 and E. coli ESBL10716 while E. coli ESBL10708 did not transfer its plasmid to Serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens. E. coli IMT11716 on the other hand did not perform conjugation with the donor E. coli ESBL10689. The remaining mating pairs differed in conjugation frequency, ranging from log -5 to -8.5 transconjugants/donor. The earliest conjugation events were detected after 4 hours. However, some mating pairs turned positive only after 22 hours co-incubation.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that conjugation is a frequent event in the spread of ESBL genes among commensal and pathogen bacteria. This should be considered when addressing antibiotic resistance issues.
The prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fang Zheng , Yuhui Zhang , Xingyu Chen , Wei Zhao , Liangman Li 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: To assess the prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer systematically. Methods: Literatures that reported prevalence rates of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer were identified via PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database and Weipu database from inception to October 2018. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (ARHQ). Subgroup analyses were performed stratified by areas, years of publication, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stages, pathological types and clinical characteristics. Publication bias was assessed with Egger’s test and Begg’s funnel plot. Results: A total of 59 studies were eligible for inclusion and the methodological qualities of included studies were moderate to high. The pooled prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer was 8.1% (95%CI: 7.0%, 9.1%). Of all the included studies, thirty-three studies were conducted in China, and the pooled prevalence of China was 10.6%. From 1996 to 2000, the prevalence was 10.8% (95%CI: 5.6%, 16.1%), and it increased to 17.4% (95%CI: 8.5%, 26.3%) from 2001 to 2005. After that till now, the prevalence drastically decreased and maintained at a low level around 5.9%. The prevalence showed an increasing trend from 2.7% (95%CI: 0.0%, 5.4%) to 38.5% (95%CI: 20.6%, 56.3%) from TNM stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅳ. The prevalence was 4.5% (95%CI: 1.7%, 7.4%) in the well and moderately differentiated group, 19.0% (95%CI: 13.8%, 24.1%) in the poorly differentiated and undifferentiated group, 31.6% (95%CI: 2.9%, 60.3%) in the signet ring cell group, and 19.3% (95%CI: 11.8%, 26.9%) in the mucinous group, respectively. Conclusion: The pooled prevalence of bone metastasis in patients with gastric cancer was 8.1%. The prevalence increased with the exacerbation of gastric cancer from TNM stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅳ and was inversely related to the degree of tissue differentiation. At the same time, it was also affacted by area and years.
Pension literacy and retirement planning in an emerging economy
Authors: Adeabah David 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper links pension literacy to retirement planning in an emerging economy. The results show that the correct knowledge about pension basics and savings rate have a positive effect on employees’ efforts to plan for their retirement. Conversely, employees’ correct knowledge about pension lump sum impairs their retirement planning efforts. Enhanced retirement preparedness is associated with the correct knowledge of pension basics and lump sum, pension savings rate and lump sum or pension basics, savings rate and lump sum all together.
Cyclin H predicts a poor prognosis and promotes the proliferation in ovarian cancer
Authors: Peng Chen , Yang Yansong , Ji Li , Yang Panpan , Yang Xiaoqing , Zhang Yuquan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Cell cycle dysregulations play a key role in the pathogenesis of malignant tumor. Cyclin H is a part of CDK-activating kinase (CAK) trimeric complex, which is necessary for the regulation of the cell cycle and proliferation. The objective of this investigation was to characterize the clinical significance and biological functions of cyclin H in ovarian cancer.

Methods

Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 60 cases of ovarian cancer and the correlation between cyclin H expression and clinical characteristics was analyzed. The function of cyclin H in ovarian cancers was explored using HO8910 cells and animal model.

Results

Cyclin H was slightly expressed in grade 1 ovarian cancer and highly expressed in high grade 2 and grade 3 tissues. The result of spearman rank correlation analysis showed the expression of cyclin H positively correlated with tumor grade, the FIGO stage, histologic grade and peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer. Cyclin H was positively correlates with Ki67 and p-CDK2 in ovarian cancer. In addition, we found the five-year survival rate of cyclin H low expressed patients was higher than that in the cyclin H high expressed patients. Furthermore, knockdown of cyclin H was then achieved using a shRNA in HO8910 ovarian cancer cell line. Silencing of cyclin H resulted in G1/S cell cycle arrest of ovarian cancer cells and suppressed the growth of ovarian cancer.

Conclusions

These results suggest high expression of cyclin H predicts a poor prognosis and promotes the growth of ovarian cancer via regulating cell cycle.
Construction of a metastasis-associated ceRNA network reveals a prognostic signature in lung cancer
Authors: Cao Qing , Dong Zewen , Liu Shuzhen , An Guoyan , Yan Bianbian , Lei Lei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, and metastasis is the leading cause of lung cancer related death. However, the molecular network involved in lung cancer metastasis remains incompletely described. Here, we aimed to construct a metastasis-associated ceRNA network and identify a lncRNA prognostic signature in lung cancer.Methods: RNA expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to investigate the function of these genes. Using Cox regression analysis, we found that a 6 lncRNA signature may serve as a candidate prognostic factor in lung cancer. Finally, we used Transwell assays with lung cancer cell lines to verify that LINC01010 acts as a tumor suppressor.Results: We identified 1249 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, 440 DE lncRNAs and 26 DE miRNAs between nonmetastatic and metastatic lung cancer tissues. GO and KEGG analyses confirmed that the identified DE mRNAs are involved in lung cancer metastasis. Using bioinformatics tools, we constructed a metastasis-associated ceRNA network for lung cancer that includes 117 mRNAs, 23 lncRNAs and 22 miRNAs. We then identified a 6 lncRNA signature (LINC01287, SNAP25-AS1, LINC00470, AC104809.2, LINC00645 and LINC01010) that had the greatest prognostic value for lung cancer. Furthermore, we found that suppression of LINC01010 promoted lung cancer cell migration and invasion.Conclusions: This study might provide insight into the identification of potential lncRNA biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis in lung cancer.
The effect of passive lower limb training on heart rate asymmetry
Authors: Wu Liang , Shi Ping , Li Anan , Yu Honglliu , Liu Yang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Heart rate asymmetry (HRA) is an approach for quantitatively assessing the uneven distribution points of RR intervals of sinus rhythm. We aimed to investigate whether the automatic regulation lead to HRA alternation during passive lower limb training. Methods : Several variance-based HRA variables derived from Poincaré plot were established. Thirty healthy participants were recruited in this study. The protocol included baseline (Pre-E) and three passive lower limb training trials (E1, E2 and E3) with a randomized order. Heart rate variability (HRV) frequency-domain parameters (LF (n.u.), HF (n.u.) and VLF (ms 2 )) and HRA variables (SD1a, SD1d, SD2a, SD2d, SDNNa and SDNNd) were calculated by using 5-min RR time series. Results : Our results showed that the performance of HRA distinguished. The HRA was observed with significant changes in E1, E2 and E3 compared to Pre -E. Moreover, HRA variables correlated with HRV parameters in all trials, which indicated that HRA might benefit in assessing autonomic alteration in passive lower limb trainings. Conclusions: In summary, this study suggested that passive training led to significant HRA alternation and the application of HRA gave us the possibility for autonomic assessment.
Pearl extract protects HaCaT cells from UV radiation-induced apoptosis through mitochondrial pathway regulation
Authors: Chen Zhixiong , wang jing , Yang Anquan , Zhang Lihua , Lu Yaojia , Mo Jiahuan , Xie Min , Shen Xinzhong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that pearl extract (PE) promotes wound healing and skin whitening. However, it remains unclear whether PE can inhibit ultraviolet (UV)-photodamage in HaCaT cells. In this study, an in vitro photoaging cell model was established to observe the effect of PE on UV-induced damage and the apoptosis of HaCaT cells. The aim of this study was to provide a reference for the future development of natural sunscreens.Results: PE concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μg/mL were considered the most effective and safe concentrations. Compared to that in the control group, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in the photoaging group was significantly reduced, whereas malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species content, along with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA and protein levels, were markedly increased. In contrast, Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly decreased, whereas caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax protein expression levels were significantly increased. Compared to that in the photoaging group, HaCaT cell proliferation was significantly increased in the PE group. Both PE concentrations significantly increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity in cells, reduced malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species content, decreased TNF-α and IL-10 mRNA expression in cells, and reduced TNF-α and IL-10 protein levels in the supernatant. Additionally, Bcl-2 protein expression levels were significantly increased, whereas caspase-3, caspase-9, and Bax protein expression levels were significantly reduced by PE treatment.Conclusions: PE can inhibit UV-induced apoptosis by inhibiting mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and regulating TNF-α and IL-10 expression.