bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective, catastrophe et collapsologie
Authors: Theys Jacques 
Published: October 2020

La prise de conscience brutale de l’extrême gravité du changement climatique et du déclin de la biodiversité a donné un écho considérable à l’hypothèse d’un effondrement prochain des systèmes socio-écologiques et à la collapsologie. Celle-ci a des aspects multiples : à la fois choc émotionnel, vision idéologique du monde futur, nouvelle science et prévision sur l’avenir. Seules les deux dernières dimensions sont abordées dans cet article, car il s’agit essentiellement de resituer la place de la prospective dans le débat sur l’effondrement, et de voir en quoi celle-ci se différencie de la collapsologie à la fois sur le plan épistémologique et de ses hypothèses sur le futur. Si l’interrogation sur les risques d’effondrements – au moins partiels – est légitime, ni les raccourcis qu’emprunte la collapsologie pour annoncer leur réalisation prochaine ni l’attitude de mise en retrait qu’elle préconise pour y faire face ne se justifient. Moins fataliste et catégorique, la prospective, art pratique orienté vers l’action, préfère se situer entre deux extrêmes qu’elle refuse : le déni de l’hypothèse catastrophiste et la certitude de sa venue.
La nature, l’économique et l’imaginaire. L’aménagement touristique de la montagne (Pyrénées, fin du XVIII e siècle-1914)
Authors: Hagimont Steve 
Published: October 2020

Cet article interroge les logiques de l’aménagement touristique de la montagne qui conditionnent la consommation et la marchandisation de portions de nature devenues désirables. À partir du cas du tourisme pyrénéen pris sur un long xix e siècle, il s’agit d’inscrire dans l’étude historique de l’économie la part d’imaginaire qui motive, donne sens, conteste et reproduit des modes de relations à la nature. Les pratiques touristiques reposent sur un changement idéel qui se cristallise au xviii e siècle et fait de certains éléments de l’environnement montagnard (eaux thermales, paysages, climat, coutumes, etc.) des ressources émotionnelles et sanitaires. S’appropriant ce changement, des acteurs locaux et régionaux, publics et privés, entreprennent d’aménager leur territoire de vie ou d’action afin de commercialiser ces ressources. Des controverses éclatent, qui témoignent de la nature politique de la transformation de l’environnement. Au-delà de ces transformations matérielles, l’imaginaire touristique renouvelle également la territorialité et l’écosystème des montagnes qui, de bien commun agropastoral local, deviennent un patrimoine touristique plus global. Enfin, l’aménagement vise à mettre en ordre l’espace de villégiature pour le faire correspondre aux désirs d’« hétérotopie » qui guident les visiteurs, en éliminant ce qui, dans la nature et les rapports sociaux, serait indésirable.
La sportivisation inversée du Mixed Martial Arts : une pratique à contre-courant ?
Authors: Ramirez Yann 
Published: October 2020

Le Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) suscite encore de vifs débats sur un fond d’interrogations éliasiennes. Son degré de violence physique et ses structures organisationnelles jettent un doute sur le processus de contrôle de la violence dans le sport. Ce sport remet en question le processus de sportivisation dans les termes de Norbert Elias et d’Eric Dunning. D’ailleurs, le MMA est marqué par une « sportivisation inversée » puisqu’il s’est initialement développé à travers la compétition et non en loisir. Dans un contexte où la France légalise ce sport en 2020, son développement est-il encore dépendant des aspects dé-sportivisés ? C’est-à-dire des aspects qui passent par des éléments spectacularisés comme la « cage », des outils extrasportifs ou la porosité des règles. Pour apporter des éléments de réponse, l’enquête s’appuie sur 42 entretiens réalisés entre 2011 et 2015, avec des athlètes et/ou spectateurs ayant connu l’ère du Pride F.C., l’organisation japonaise entre 1997 et 2007. L’enquête utilise également un corpus vidéo comprenant 68 événements organisés par le Pride et les 500 de l’UFC entre 1993 et novembre 2019. Enfin, cinq événements de pancrace et de kempo ont été observés en France entre 2011 et 2015. Le MMA a connu divers développements qui aboutissent aujourd’hui à un modèle commun de sport-spectacle. Le Pride japonais figure comme l’intermède hyperspectaculaire alors que l’UFC moderne a davantage standardisé la pratique depuis les années 2000.
LA RICOLONIZZAZIONE DELLâ€™ANTARTIDE: STORIE DI PINGUINI E FOCHE, SENTINELLE DEI CAMBIAMENTI CLIMATICI NEGLI ULTIMI 10 MILA ANNI
Authors: Baroni Carlo 
Published: October 2020

The re-colonization of Antarctica: stories of penguins and seals, sentinels of climate change in the last ten thousand years. During the Late Pleistocene the Antarctic glacial system expanded and advanced on the coastal margin of the continent forcing penguins, seals and other animals nesting in the deglaciated areas to migrate toward refuge areas located at northern latitudes. The deglaciation that followed the last glacial maximum, in the Ross Sea area, was accomplished around 8000 years ago, freeing the Antarctic coasts that were re-colonized by AdÃ©lie penguins and elephant seals. These two species have coexisted, even alternating, in the deglaciated areas of the coastal strip for several millennia. In the ornithogenic soils of the abandoned penguin colonies and in the breeding sites of the elephant seals, recently discovered on the Holocene raised beaches, a precious heritage of organic remains is preserved, allowing us to study different aspects of recent environmental history. The phases of colonization and coexistence between penguins and elephant seals are very complex and reflect the climatic-environmental variations that have characterized the Antarctic scenario for several thousand of years. Penguins and elephant seals, sensitive sentinels of the Antarctic ecosystem, are now playing an important role in the Southern Ocean scenario, interpreting the dramatic role of bellwether of climate change.
Levels and predictors of TB-HIV Diagnostic service linkage and testing in government hospitals of Southern zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Mitiku Ashebir Mengistu , Asfaw Gebrezgi Zinabu , Yodit Zewdie Haftu Tesfahun Tsegay Berhe , Tesfay Atsibeha Mussie 
Published: October 2020

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are global public health problems. TB and HIV diagnostic services linkage is imperative for the fight against the two diseases.Objective: To assess the diagnostic service linkage and testing of TB-HIV diagnostic services and identify predictors in Public hospitals of Northern Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in five hospitals of Northern Ethiopia. Study subjects’ socio-demographic, household and clinical variables were assessed.Data was analyzed using SPSS. Logistic regressions were used to determine the predictors of uptake of TB and HIV testing among HIV and TB patients, respectively.Result: The level of HIV testing among TB patients was 94.4% and of TB screening among HIV patients was 90.5%. Factors that independently predict HIV testing among TB patients were Residence AOR=0.187(95% CI 0.05-0.76), being 9 grade and above AOR=13.17 (95%CI 2.67-65.03) and drinking alcohol AOR=0.03(95% CI 0.002-0.475). Likewise, being grade 9 and above AOR=6.92 (95% CI 1.75- 27.4) and having chronic cough AOR=0.23 (95% CI 0.06- 0.92) were predictor variables for having TB screening among HIV patients.Conclusion: The levels of TB-HIV linkages and testing are high. Moreover, educational status is a strong predictor of TB screening among HIV patients and HIV testing among TB cases. The regional health bureau has to continue supporting its TB and HIV case teams in every health facility.Keywords: TB-HIV Diagnostic service linkage, testing in government hospitals, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.
Incidence and outcome of gestational trophoblastic disease in lower Egypt
Authors: Zakaria Ahmed , Hemida Reda , Elrefaie Waleed , Refaie Ehsan 
Published: October 2020

Background. Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) defines a spectrum of proliferative disorders of trophoblastic epitheli- um of the placenta. Incidence, risk factors, and outcome may differ from one country to another.
Objective. To describe incidence, patient characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcome of GTD at Mansoura University which is a referral center of Lower Egypt.
Methods. An observational prospective study was conducted at the GTD Clinic of Mansoura University. The patients were recruited for 12 months from September 2015 to August 2016. The patients’ characteristics, management, and outcome were reported.
Results. We reported 71 clinically diagnosed GTD cases, 62 of them were histologically confirmed, 58 molar (33 CM and 25 PM) in addition to 4 initially presented GTN cases. Mean age of the studied cases was 26.22 years ± 9.30SD. Mean pre-evacu- ation hCG was 136170 m.i.u/ml ±175880 SD. Most of the cases diagnosed accidentally after abnormal sonographic findings (53.2%). Rate of progression of CM and PM to GTN was 24.2% and 8%, respectively.
Conclusion. The incidence of molar pregnancy and GTN in our locality was estimated to be 13.1 and 3.2 per 1000 live births respectively. We found no significance between CM and PM regarding hCG level, time to hCG normalization, and progression rate to GTN.
Keywords. Molar pregnancy; incidence; outcome.
Central line-related bloodstream infections and microbiological study in an Egyptian Ministry of Health Hospital
Authors: Shaaban Nahla Khalil , Sayed  Manal Ismaeel , Abdnaby Gehan Mohamed 
Published: October 2020

Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infections continue to be one of the most important health problems in ICU.
Objectives: To identify the central line-related bloodstream infections and their microbiological characteristics Specific objectives to the identify the incidence, predisposing factors of central line-related bloodstream Infections and study the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the isolated organisms.
Material and Methods: Patients’ demographic, clinical data, central venous catheter related data,and blood culture specimen collection data were collected utilizing a descriptive exploratory design from a purposive sample of 120 ICU patients under- went insertion central venous catheter.
Results: out of 120 central line catheters sent for culture from patients immediately and seven days after insertion., 13( 10.83%) were positive seven days after insertion. Of the 13 infection cases, 10 cases were Staphylococcus epidermis and the others were Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, most infected patients were overweight and obese, diabetic, had sub-clavian route, and their length of hospital stayed more than7 days.
Conclusion: 10.83 % developed bacterial blood stream infection 7 days after insertion of central venous catheters, and most of bacterial isolates were Staphylococcus epidermis and were sensitive to Vancomycin and Amikain.
Keywords: Bacterial infections; bacterial isolates; antibiotic resistance.
Prevalence of plasmid-mediated resistance genes among multidrug-resistant uropathogens in Egypt
Authors: A Elshamy Ann , M Aboshanab Khaled , A Yassien Mahmoud , A Hassouna Nadia 
Published: October 2020

Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) uropathogens has become a public health threat and current knowledge of the genotypic basis of bacterial resistance is essential for selecting appropriate treatment options.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among MDR uropathogens and to elucidate the molecular bases of plasmid-mediated resistance.
Methods: Bacterial isolates were recovered from urine specimens of 150 out-patients with signs and symptoms of urinary tract infections (UTIs) at El-Demerdash Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Standard methods were used for identification, antimicrobial suscep- tibility testing was performed according to CLSI guidelines.
Results: Among the recovered isolates, 22.7% and 77.3% were Gram-positive, and negative, respectively. Of which; 43.3% were MDR with 60% harboring plasmids. Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaTEM were detected on plasmids of 89.7%, 41%, and 84.6% of the tested isolates, respectively. The aminoglycoside resistance gene aac6’-Ib/aac-6’-Ib- cr was found on plasmids of 92.3% of the tested isolates followed by qnrS (92.3%), qnrB (46.2%), and qnrA (7.7%). The most prevalent quinolone efflux pump gene was oqxB (38.5%), followed by oqxA (20.5%), then qepA (10.3%).
Conclusion: High levels of resistance to nitrofurans, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones were detected, and their use as empirical treatment for UTIs has become questionable.
Keywords: ESBLs; qnR; plasmid-mediated; uropathgens; antibacterial resistance.
Prevalence of plasmodium, leptospira and rickettsia species in Northern Tanzania: a community based survey
Authors: O Chilongola Jaffu , J Sabuni Elias , Paul Kapyolo Eliakimu 
Published: October 2020

Background: The overlap of symptoms, geographic and seasonal co-occurrence of Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections makes malaria diagnosis difficult, increasing the chances of misdiagnosis. The paucity of data on the prevalence Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections contributes to an overly diagnosis of malaria. We aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections in northern Tanzania.
Methods: A community based, cross sectional survey was conducted in two sites in Northern Tanzania. PCR was used to detect Plasmodium, Leptospira and Rickettsia infections.
Results: The prevalence of P. falciparum and Leptospira spp were 31/128 (24.2%) and 3/128 (2.3%), respectively. No Rickettsia infection was detected in any of the two sites. Taking study sites separately, Plasmodium infection was detected in 31/63(49.2%) of participants in Bondo while Leptospira infection was detected in 3/65(4.6%) of participants in Magugu. Plasmodium was not detected in Magugu while no Leptospira infections were detected in Bondo. Fever was significantly associated with Plasmodium infection (χ2= 12.44, p<0.001) and age (χ2=17.44, p=0.000).
Conclusion: Results from this study indicate Plasmodium infection as the main cause of fever in the studied sites. While Plasmodium and Leptospira contribute to fevers, Rickettsia infection is an insignificant cause of fever in Northern Tanzania.
Keywords: Neglected Infectious Diseases; Plasmodium; Leptospira; Rickettsia; co-occurrence; Tanzania.
Parvovirus B19 DNA detection in treatment-naïve HIV anemic patients in Lagos, Nigeria: a case control study
Authors: Sedowhe Ashaka Oluwaseyi , Babalola Salu Olumuyiwa , Babatunde James Ayorinde , Oriowo Bola Oyefolu Akeeb , Adeyemi Anjorin AbdulAzeez , Oludare Oke Bamidele , Remilekun Orenolu Mercy , Aremu Omilabu Sunday 
Published: October 2020

Background: Parvovirus B19 (B19) has tropism for cells of the erythroid lineage, which may lead to transient inhibition of erythropoiesis. Several studies and case reports suggested that B19 infection may contribute significantly to severe chronic ane- mia in HIV infected persons.
Objective: To detect parvovirus B19 DNA in treatment-naïve HIV patients.
Methods: This was a case control retrospective study. One hundred nineteen anemic and 81 non-anemic treatment-naïve HIV infected patients participated in the study at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect B19 DNA.
Results: Out of 200 patients analysed, 13(6.5%) had parvovirus B19 DNA. Eight HIV patients with anemia had B19 DNA while five non-anemic HIV patients had B19 DNA. This suggests that the presence of B19 DNA in the blood of HIV positive individuals may contribute to anemia because the majority (61.5%) who were positive for B19 DNA had anemia as compared to the non-anemic control group (38.5%).
Conclusion: This study shows that the presence of B19 DNA in anemic HIV infected patients is not associated with chronic anaemia in HIV infection because no significant association exist.
Keywords: Parvovirus B19; anemia; human immunodeficiency virus; polymerase chain reaction.
Trace elements in type 2 diabetes mellitus and their association with glycemic control
Authors: MW Hasanato Rana 
Published: October 2020

Background: Alterations in serum levels of trace elements reported in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been linked with induction of T2DM and associated complications.
Objectives: To assess serum levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) in T2DM patients with adequate and poor gly- cemic control.
Patients and methods: This study was performed at King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh. A total of 100 consenting T2DM patients comprising of 50 patients with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) less than 6.5% and 50 patients with HbA1c more than 6.5% along with a group of 50 normal healthy individuals were included in the study. Serum levels of Cu, Zn and Se were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) instrument.
Results: Among T2DM patients with HbA1c <6.5%, mean serum Cu levels (13.4+4.3μmol/L) were not different from the controls (14.5+1.92μmol/L) whereas Zn (9.9+2.7μmol/Lvs15+3.2μmol/L;p<0.0001) and Se levels (1+0.2μmol/ Lvs1.62+0.2μmol/L; p<0.0004) were lower than the controls. Among T2DM patients with HbA1c >6.5% mean serum Cu (18.1+4.1μmol/Lvs14.5+1.9μmol/L; p<0.0001), Zn (15+3.2μmol/Lvs13.5+1.9μmol/L; p<0.009) and Se (1.62+0.2μmol/ Lvs1.17+0.16μmol/L;p<0.0001) were significantly higher than the controls. HbA1c% negatively correlated with HbA1c >6.5% (r = -0.302; p<0.03).
Conclusion: Cu, Zn and Se homeostasis was altered in T2DM patients and varied with glycemic control.
Keywords: Copper; Zinc; Selenium; trace elements; diabetes mellitus.
Determination of serum glycated albumin and high sensitivity C - reactive protein in the insight of cardiovascular complications in diabetic chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Vijayaraghavan Bhooma , Padmanabhan Giri , Ramanathan Kumaresan 
Published: October 2020

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has been proved as one among the cardiovascular complications and pre- dominant in patients with CKD. In CKD patients, Glycated albumin (GA) express a superior marker of glycemic control than HbA1c. Nevertheless, the precision of GA for the prediction of cardiovascular diseases among the CKD population has been ineffectively reported. The present study looks at the part of GA, HbA1c in CKD to envisage vascular complications.
Materials and methods: One hundred and ninety-four patients were selected in the present study. The study has a control group (Group I, N: 52) and participants were divided into two groups based on vein diseases (Group II, N: 42; two vessels and group III, N: 100; triple vessel disease). Serum glycated albumin, hsCRP and other routine parameters were estimated in all the three groups. 2-dimensional echocardiography (2D Echo) has been done by a cardiologist to all the study patients for assessing ejection fraction and distinguish the sort of vessel diseases.
Results: Group I compared with group II and III shown there was a significant association among blood glucose, serum creati- nine, HbA1c, mean blood glucose, GA, ejection fraction and hsCRP. Additionally, observed that increased levels of HbA1c, GA and creatinine inversely related to the left ventricle ejection fraction. Notwithstanding, GA and hsCRP predict precisely the left ventricle ejection fraction than different parameters.
Conclusion: GA alongside hsCRP might be appropriate markers for anticipating cardiovascular diseases particularly left ventricle hypertrophy in diabetic CKD population.
Keywords: CKD; glycemic control; Left Ventricular Hypertrophy; GA; HbA1c.
A comparative study of the prevalence of zinc deficiency among children with acute diarrhoea in SouthWestern Nigeria
Authors: O Abolurin Olufunmilola , A Oyelami Oyeku , B Oseni Saheed 
Published: October 2020

Background: Zinc deficiency has been associated with increased incidence, severity and duration of childhood diarrhoea.
Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of zinc deficiency among under-five children with acute diarrhoea.
Methods: The study was a comparative cross-sectional study in which serum zinc levels were determined using atomic absorp- tion spectrometry in under-five children with acute diarrhoea and in apparently healthy contols. Two hundred and fifty children with acute diarrhoea and 250 controls were studied at the Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Nigeria.
Results: The diarrhoea patients had a mean ± SD serum zinc level of 78.8 ± 35.6 µg/dl, while the controls had a mean of 107.3 ± 46.8 µg/dl. The mean serum zinc level was significantly lower in the patients than the controls (t = -7.66; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the prevalence of zinc deficiency was significantly higher among the patients (30.4% versus 12.4% in the controls; OR = 3.09; 95% CI = 1.94 – 4.90; χ2 = 24.08; p < 0.001). Low social class was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of zinc deficiency among the patients (p = 0.013).
Conclusion: Zinc deficiency is significantly associated with diarrhoea among under-five children in the study community. Hence, routine zinc supplementation should be encouraged for the treatment of diarrhoea, and availability should be ensured.
Keywords: Zinc deficiency; diarrhoea; children; Nigeria.
Adherence to safety practices and risks associated with health care waste management at an academic hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
Authors: Lizbeth Mugivhisa Liziwe , Dlamini Nokuthula , Oluwole Olowoyo Joshua 
Published: October 2020

Background: Adequate knowledge on hazards of healthcare waste and proper handling methods can result in its safe disposal and protection of workers and communities. The study assessed perceptions of healthcare workers on the adherence and risks associated with the practices of healthcare waste management.
Methods: A total of 126 questionnaires were administered in selected wards at an academic hospital to establish training and knowledge on legislations regarding healthcare waste and health hazards associated with such waste.
Results: Sixty nine percent (69.0%) of participants had received training on healthcare waste handling. The highest number of cleaning staff (85.7%) received training from work while 34.8% of the doctors also received training from work. Only 44.1% of the nurses had knowledge about policies on healthcare waste. The majority of the participants (82.0%) had knowledge on the risks associated with handling of healthcare waste. However, only 20.0% of the participants re-capped needles after use and of these 43.5% were doctors. Most of the nurses (64.0%) had been exposed to needle pricks.
Conclusion: Even though 82.0% of the participants believed there were enough management practices enforced with regards to the healthcare waste, it was recommended that there should be more education on the handling of healthcare waste.
Keywords: Healthcare waste; perceptions; risks; disposal, management.