bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Milan criteria in the MELD era – Is it justifiable to extend the limits for orthotopic liver transplantation?
Authors: Morgül Mehmet Haluk , Felgendreff Philipp , Kienlein Andreas , Gauger Ulrich , Semmling Katrin Semmling , Hau Hans-Michael , Tautenhahn Hans-Michael , Bartels Michael 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The Milan criteria (MC) are widely used for the indication of liver transplantation (LTx) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Good long-term results have also been reported following LTx for patients exceeding the MC. In this article, we compare the overall and recurrence-free survival of our patients fulfilling and exceeding the MC according to the posttransplant histopathological results.Patients and Methods: Data from 120 patients with HCC (22 females and 98 males) were analyzed. The median patient age was 61 years (Q1, Q3: 54.7, 65.4), and the median MELD score was 11 (Q1, Q3: 8, 15). The median follow-up period was 53 months (Q1, Q3: 16.6, 78). Patients were categorized into established criteria (MC, up-to-seven (UTS), Asan criteria, AFP score), and the outcome of the individual groups was compared.Results: Seventy-four of 120 patients fulfilled the MC, 86 patients met the UTS criteria, 85 patients fulfilled the Asan criteria, and 79 patients had an AFP score less than or equal to 2. The 1- and 5-year survival rates of all patients were 76.7% and 55.6%, respectively. In total, 14.2% of all patients (5.4% of patients who met the MC, 7% of patients who met the UTS criteria, 5.9% of patients who met the Asan criteria, and 6.3% of patients who had an AFP score less than 2) experienced recurrence.Conclusions: The outcomes of the patients were comparable to those reported in the current literature. In our population, similar recurrence and survival rates of the patients were noted for patients fulfilling the UTS criteria irrespective of fulfilling or exceeding the MC. Consequently, we consider using UTS criteria as the extended criterion for LTx indication
The diagnostic value of quantitative analysis of ASL, DSC-MRI and DKI in the Grading of Cerebral Gliomas: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Luan Jixin , Wu Mingzhen , Wang Xiaohui , Qiao Lishan , Guo Guifang , Zhang Chuanchen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: To perform quantitative analysis on the efficacy of using relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in arterial spin labeling (ASL), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in dynamic magnetic sensitivity contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSC-MRI), and mean kurtosis (MK) in diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to grade cerebral gliomas.Methods: Literature regarding ASL, DSC-MRI, or DKI in cerebral gliomas grading in both English and Chinese were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CBM, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Database as of 2019. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of ASL, DSC-MRI, and DKI in the grading of cerebral gliomas. Result: A total of 54 articles (11 in Chinese and 43 in English) were included. Three quantitative parameters in the grading of cerebral gliomas, rCBF in ASL, rCBV in DSC-MRI, and MK in DKI had the pooled sensitivity of 0.88 [95%CI(0.83,0.92)], 0.92 [95%CI (0.83,0.96)], 0.88 [95%CI (0.82,0.92)], and the pooled specificity of 0.91 [95%CI (0.84,0.94)], 0.81 [95%CI (0.73,0.88)], 0.86 [95%CI (0.78,0.91)] respectively. The pooled area under the curve (AUC) were 0.95 [95%CI (0.93,0.97)], 0.91 [95%CI (0.89,0.94)], 0.93[95%CI (0.91,0.95)] respectively.Conclusion: Quantitative parameters rCBF, rCBV and MK have high diagnostic accuracy for preoperative grading of cerebral gliomas.
Changes in bowel sounds of inpatients undergoing general anesthesia
Authors: Wang Guojing , Wang Mingjun , Liu Hongyun , Zhao Suping , Liu Lu , Wang Weidong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: General anesthesia can affect intestinal function, but there is no objective, practical and effective indicator to evaluate the inhibition and recovery of intestinal function. The main objectives of this study were to assess whether bowel sounds (BSs) changed before, immediately after and 3 hours after general anesthesia, and whether these changes in BSs are an effective indicator of intestinal function and an accurate guide for post-operative feeding. Methods: We randomly selected 26 inpatients and collected three sets of 5-minute continuous BS data before the operation (Pre-op), immediately after the operation (Pro-op) and three hours after the operation (3h-Pro-op) for each patient. Then the linear and nonlinear characteristic values (CVs) of each effective bowel sound were extracted and paired t-tests and rank-sum tests were used to evaluate the changes in the BSs. Results: The differences in CVs, between Pre-op and Pro-op, as well as between Pro-op and 3h-Pro-op, were statistically significant (p <0.05). However, there is no statistically significant differences between all the CVs between Pre-op and 3h-Pro-op (p >0.05). Conclusion: BSs changes before and after general anesthesia. Furthermore, the BSs are weakened due to general anesthesia and recover to the pre-op state three hours later. Therefore, the BSs can be an indicator of intestinal function under general anesthesia, so as to provide guidance for postoperative feeding, which is of considerable clinical significance.
Preoperative Tumor Biopsy Results In More Detected Sentinel Nodes Than Intraoperative Biopsy In Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: yuan chenxi , wang xinzhao , liu zhaoyun , li chao , bian mengxue , shan jing , song xiang , Yu Zhi-yong , yu jinming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) acts as a vital role in the breast cancer surgery, and the identified number of sentinel nodes determines its accuracy to represent the status of axillae. There remain two tumor biopsy modes in breast cancer, preoperative and intraoperative biopsy. We compared the effect of the two different biopsies on the result of SLNB. Methods Patients with clinical stage T1-3, N0 tumor were enrolled in this study. 53% received preoperative tumor biopsy and 47% received intraoperative excisional biopsy. For search of the sentinel lymph node, patients received dual tracer injection. The number of SLNs detected and false negative rate were compared between groups. Results 204 patients were enrolled, 108 received preoperative tumor biopsy and 96 received intraoperative excisional biopsy. Among all the patients, 160 received ALND following SLNB. Preoperative tumor biopsy detected more SLNs than intraoperative biopsy (mean rank 113.87 vs. 90.9, p= 0.004). False negative rate in preoperative and intraoperative tumor biopsy was 3% and 18%, respectively. Conclusions Patients in preoperative tumor biopsy group could find more SLNs than intraoperative biopsy patients. False negative rate was also lower in preoperative biopsy group.
Effects of long-term sleep disruption on cognitive function and brain amyloid-β burden: a case-control study
Authors: Thomas Jana , Ooms Sharon J. , Mentink Lara J. , Booij Jan , Rikkert Marcel G.M. Olde , Overeem Sebastiaan , Kessels Roy P.C. , Claassen Jurgen A.H.R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent evidence indicates that disrupted sleep could contribute to the development of Alzheimer’s disease by influencing the production and/or clearance of the amyloid-β protein. We set up a case-control study to investigate the association between long-term work-induced sleep disruption, cognitive function, and brain amyloid-β burden.Methods: 19 male maritime pilots (aged 48-60 years) with chronic work-related sleep disruption and a sex-, age and education-matched control sample (n=16, aged 50-60 years) with normal sleep completed the study. Primary sleep disorders were ruled out with in-lab polysomnography. Additional sleep measurements were obtained at home using actigraphy, sleep-wake logs, and a single-lead EEG device. Cognitive function was assessed with a neuropsychological test battery sensitive to early symptomatic Alzheimer’s disease. Brain amyloid-β burden was assessed in maritime pilots using 18F-flutemetamol amyloid PET-CT.Results: Maritime pilots reported significantly worse sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)=8.8±2.9) during workweeks, compared to controls (PSQI=3.2±1.4; 95% CI 0.01 to 2.57; p=0.049). This was confirmed with actigraphy-based sleep efficiency (86% ±3.8 vs. 89.3% ±4.3; 95% CI 0.43 to 6.03; p=0.03). Home-EEG recordings showed less total sleep time (TST) and deep sleep time (DST) during workweeks compared to rest-weeks (TST: 318.56 (250.21–352.93) vs. TST: 406.17 (340–425.98); p=0.001; DST: 36.75 (32.30–58.58) vs. DST 51.34 (48.37–69.30); p=0.005)). There were no differences in any of the cognitive domains between the groups. For brain amyloid-β levels, mean global cortical standard uptake value ratios of 18F-flutemetamol were all in the normal range (1.009 ±0.059; 95% CI 0.980 to 1.037), confirmed by visual reads.Conclusions: Capitalizing on the particular work-rest schedule of maritime pilots, this study with a small sample size observed that long-term intermittent sleep disruption had no effects on global brain amyloid-β levels or cognitive function.
Early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tang Weiming , Wang Yehua , Huang Wenting , Wu Dan , Yang Fan , Xu Yongshi , Ong Jason J. , Fu Hongyun , Yang Bin , Wang Cheng , Ma Wei , Wei Chongyi , Tucker Joseph D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Early sexual debut and non-consensual sex have been linked to higher sexual risk and STI infection in adulthood among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income countries. This study aimed to examine early and non-consensual sexual debut among Chinese MSM and to evaluate factors associated with early sexual debut and non-consensual sex. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among Chinese men assigned male sex at birth, ≥18 years old, and who had ever engaged in anal sex with a man. Participants answered questions regarding socio-demographics, condomless sex, age at anal sexual debut with a man, and whether the first anal sex was consensual. Factors associated with an early sexual debut (<18 years old) and non-consensual sex at sexual debut were evaluated. We defined early sexual debut as having anal sex with another man at 17 years old or younger, and the participants were asked whether their first male-to-male anal sex was non-consensual. Results: Overall, 2031 eligible men completed the survey. The mean age of sexual debut was 20.7 (SD=4.3) years old. 17.6% (358/2031) of men reported early sexual debut, and 5.0% (101/2031) reported a non-consensual sexual debut. The early sexual debut was associated with having more male sexual partners (adjusted OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06–1.15) and condomless anal sex in the last three months (AOR=1.71, 95% CI 1.34-2.18). MSM whose sexual debut was non-consensual were more likely to have condomless anal sex (AOR=1.76, 95% CI 1.17-2.66), and to have reported an early sexual debut (AOR=2.72, 95% CI 1.75-4.21). Conclusions: Many Chinese MSM reported early sexual debut and non-consensual sex, both of which are associated with sexual risk behaviors and drive STI transmission. These findings highlight the need for designing tailored interventions for MSM who experienced early sexual debut and non-consensual sex at debut.
Kinetic analysis of the growth rate of sporadic and hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma: Comparing the postoperative calcitonin-doubling rate with the hypothetical preoperative tumor volume-doubling rate
Authors: Kihara Minoru , Miyauchi Akira , Masuoka Hiroo , Higashiyama Takuya , Ito Yasuhiro , Miya Akihiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Our previous kinetic analyses of changes in the tumor volume (TV) of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas during active surveillance revealed that the tumors' growth varied over time from rather rapid growth to shrinkage and that the hypothetical TV-doubling rates (DRs) before the patients' presentation were much larger than their observed TV-DRs, indicating that rapid growth phases preceded their presentation. Whether this phenomenon also occurs in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) was unknown.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 46 MTC patients (18 hereditary, 28 sporadic; 9–80 years old at surgery, median 53.5 years; 19 males and 27 females) with elevated postoperative calcitonin (Ct) suggesting persistent disease. We calculated each patient's Ct-DR and his/her hypothetical TV-DR, using the tumor size and age at surgery.

Results

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Men perspectives on attending antenatal care visits together with their pregnant partners in Misungwi district, rural Tanzania: a qualitative study
Authors: Boniphace Maendeleo , Matovelo Dismas , Laisser Rose , Swai Hadija , Yohana Victoria , Tinka Sylvia , Mwaikasu Lusako , Mercader Hannah , Brenner Jennifer L , Mitchell Jennifer 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Mens’ attendance, together with their pregnant partners at facility-based antenatal care (ANC) visits is important, yet remains uncommon in parts of rural Tanzania. This study examined perspectives of men on attending with their pregnant partners in Misungwi District, Tanzania.Methods: Individual interviews (n=6) and focus group discussions (5) were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires with fathers, expectant fathers and other key informants (health providers, volunteer community health workers, Village leaders). The interviewers were researchers trained on how to conduct interviews prior field visits. The questions were asked using Tanzania National language ( Swahili).Transcripts were recorded, transcribed in Swahili Language and later on it was translated in English language. The research team conducted thematic analysis using English language by grouping related codes into themes. The main themes were obtained upon agreement with the research team. Results: Two key system/societal-level themes were identified: (1) males who attended facility-based ANC visits and experienced lack of being given ANC feedback from health care workers and partners and hence men felt excluded from visit services; and (2) traditional cultural beliefs and gender roles strongly influenced the choice not to attend visits. This resulted into men being hidden pregnancy details (secrecy) from their partners in the community. Conclusion: To maximize gender equity in maternal and health requires involvement of men at ANC visits in Misungwi. This can be achieved by addressing core traditional and systemic barriers including use of community health workers. Improved communication between partners and health care providers through provision of ANC feedback and male involvement in examination room is warranted to promote access to ANC.
Characteristics of HIV-1 Molecular Transmission Networks and Drug Resistance Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Tianjin, China (2014-2018)
Authors: Zheng Minna , Yu Maohe , Chen Shaohui , Zhou Ning , Ning Tielin , Li Long , Zhao Fangning , Zhao Xuan , Zhu Jingjin , Jiang Guohong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn Tianjin, China, there is a relatively high prevalence of HIV in men who have sex with men (MSM). The number of cases of HIV in Tianjin is also increasing. We investigated the HIV molecular transmission network, genetic tropisms, and drug resistance mutations in Tianjin. MethodsBlood samples were collected from 510 newly diagnosed antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve HIV-1-infected subjects among MSM in Tianjin. Partial pol and env genes were sequenced and used for phylogenetic, genetic tropism, and genotypic drug resistance analyses. Molecular clusters were identified with 1.5% genetic distance and 90% bootstrap support.ResultsAmong the 436 HIV-1 pol sequences obtained from the study participants, various genotypes were identified, including CRF01_AE (56.9%), CRF07_BC (27.8%), B (7.3%), CRF55_01B (4.1%), unique recombinant forms (URFs) (3.7%), and CRF59_01B (0.2%). A higher prevalence of X4 viruses was observed in individuals infected with CRF55_01B (56.3%) and CRF01_AE (46.2%) than with other subtypes. Of all 110 sequences in the 36 clusters, 62 (56.4%) were observed in 23 CRF01_AE clusters and 18 (16.4%) in four CRF07_BC clusters. Nine sequences clustered with at least one other shared the same drug resistance mutation (DRM). In different cluster sizes, the distributions of individuals by age, presence of sexually transmitted disease, and presence of DRMs, were significantly different. ConclusionWe revealed the characteristics of HIV molecular transmission, tropism, and DRMs of ART-naïve HIV-infected individuals among the MSM population in Tianjin. Identifying infected persons at risk of transmission is necessary for proposing counseling and treating these patients to reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
Epidemiological Scenario of Leprosy in a Province in China: Long Delay in Diagnosis and High Rate of Deformity.
Authors: Li Ge , Zhang Qing-Ping , Lin Zhao-Xing , Chen Ping , Li Chao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This ecological study aimed to analyze both the tendency and the characteristics of leprosy in an endemic province in the Chinese Northwest. Methods: The medical records of leprosy in the province of Shaanxi, China, 1998-2018 were collected from the leprosy management information system in China (LEPMIS). Epidemiological variables were analyzed in this study. Results: 477 new cases were diagnosed between 1998-2018 in this area. The average rate of annual detection was 0.070/100,000, and the average annual prevalence was 0.305/100,000. The mean age of new patients was 46.71 years, and the ratio of male to female was 2.46:1. There were 399 cases (83.6%) of multibacillary (MB) forms. 148 cases (31.03%) had grade II disability. The mean delay in diagnosis for new cases was 62.01 months. Conclusion: The epidemiological study showed that the characteristics of the new leprosy cases in our province were still long delay in diagnosis and high rate of deformity, which indicated the need of actions of stimulating early diagnosis and treatment, and strengthening the detection of leprosy in low prevalent areas.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Dysregulated Expression of Circular RNAs in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhang Chenghao , He Jieyu , Qi Lin , Duan Zhixi , Wan Lu , Wang Wanchun , Tu Chao , Li Zhihong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
CircRNAs have emerged as pivotal regulators in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis and progression, but their prognostic and diagnostic significance remain unclear. Herein, we aimed to perform an updated meta-analysis to explore the clinical, diagnostic and prognostic values of circRNAs in osteosarcoma.
Methods
Several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane Library, were systematically searched up to April 10, 2020. Eligible studies regarding the relationship between circRNAs levels and clinicopathological, diagnostic and prognostic values in osteosarcoma patients were included in this study. Pooled odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to measure clinical characteristics, while hazard ratios with 95% CIs were adopted to assess overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).
Results
Overall, 26 relevant studies involving 1,652 patients with osteosarcoma were enrolled, with eighteen studies on clinicopathological parameters, ten on diagnosis and eighteen on prognosis. For clinical parameters, overexpression of oncogenic circRNAs was intimately correlated with larger tumor size (P < 0.00001), advanced Enneking stage (P < 0.00001), poor differentiation (P = 0.0001), and distant metastasis (DM) (P < 0.00001). In contrast, the downregulated circRNAs showed negative correlation with Enneking stage (P = 0.002) and DM (P < 0.0001). For the diagnostic values, the summary area under the curve of circRNA for the discriminative efficacy between osteosarcoma patients and non-cancer counterparts was estimated to be 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83–0.89), with a weighted sensitivity of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74–0.84), specificity of 0.80 (95%: 0.75–0.84), and diagnostic odds ratio of 15.48 (10.85–22.10), respectively. For the prognostic significance, oncogenic circRNAs had poor OS (HR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.68–2.19) and DFS (HR = 2.65, 95% CI: 2.02–3.49), while elevated expression of tumor-suppressor circRNAs were closely related to longer OS (HR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.28–0.69).
Conclusions
Taken together, our study showed that aberrantly expressed circRNA signatures could serve as potential biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma.
Communicating Evidence About the Causes of Obesity and Support for Obesity Policies in British and US populations: Two Population-Based Survey Experiments
Authors: Reynolds James P , Vasiljevic Milica , Pilling Mark , Hall Marissa G , Ribisl Kurt M , Marteau Theresa M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Public support for numerous obesity policies is low which is one barrier to their implementation. One reason for this low support is the tendency to ascribe obesity to failings of willpower as opposed to the environment. Correlational evidence supports this position: beliefs about the causes of obesity are associated with support for policies that aim to reduce obesity. However, the experimental evidence for the causal nature of this association is mixed. Methods: In two experimental studies participants were randomised to receive no message, messages about the environment’s influence on obesity (Study 1 & 2), or messages about the environment’s influence on human behaviour (Study 1). We investigated whether communicating these messages changed support for policies to tackle obesity and beliefs about the causes of obesity. Participants were recruited from nationally representative samples in Great Britain (Study 1 & 2) and the USA (Study 2) (total N = 4391). Study 2 was designed to replicate two previously published studies.Results: While the belief that obesity is caused by the environment was associated with support for obesity policies, neither study found evidence that communicating the messages increased support for obesity policies or strengthened beliefs about the environment’s role in obesity. Conclusions: The current study replicates earlier studies reporting an association between beliefs about obesity and the environment but does not replicate two earlier experimental studies that suggested the association is causal. The evidence reported here suggests that people’s beliefs about the causes of obesity are resistant to change and therefore not a promising avenue to increase support for obesity policies.