bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of computer based instruction on middle school students' ideas about weather events and climate concept
Authors: Sarıoğlan Ayberk Bostan 
Published: July 2020

The concepts of weather events and climate appear to be less studied than other concepts of physics in the literature. The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of computer-based instruction on the concepts of climate and weather events of middle school students. The sample of the research consisted of 19 8th grade students in the experimental group and 23 students in the control group. Computer-based instruction was carried out in the experimental group, and lessons were given in accordance with the middle school science program with the students in the control group. As a data collection tool, a concept test consisting of three open-ended questions was used to determine students' opinions about climate, weather events and the difference between climate and weather events. In the analysis of the data obtained from the answers of the students in the experimental and control groups to open-ended questions before and after the instruction, a rubric consisting of five categories was used. The categories in the rubric are correct answer, incorrect answer, non-coded and no answer categories. According to the findings, it was seen that the scientific responses of the students in both groups increased. Computer-based instruction was found to be more effective in eliminating the misconceptions faced by students about climate, weather events and differences between climate and weather events compared to the courses taught in the program. In the results of the study, it was determined that the students in the experimental and control groups confused the concepts of climate and weather events before instruction and there was a decrease in the misconceptions after instruction. The misconception that climate and weather events were the same was resolved in both groups after instruction. It is suggested that more studies using different instruction methods for teaching these concepts will be conducted.
Keywords: Climate, weather events, computer based instruction, middle school students;
Güney Marmara Bölgesi kabakgil üretim alanlarında cucumber mosaic virus enfeksiyonunun tespiti ve kılıf protein gen diziliminin filogenetik analizi
Authors: KARANFİL Ali , KORKMAZ Savaş 
Published: July 2020

Amaç: Güney Marmara Bölgesi (GMB) kabakgil üretim alanlarında cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) enfeksiyonunun tespiti ve elde edilen CMV izolatlarının moleküler karakterizasyonu amacı ile bu çalışma yürütülmüştür.
Materyal ve Yöntem: GMB’yi oluşturan Çanakkale, Balıkesir ve Bursa illerinde arazi çalışmaları gerçekleştirilerek virüs ve virüs-benzeri simptom gösteren bitkilerden örnekler alınmış ve DAS-ELISA yöntemi ile CMV enfeksiyonu açısından testlenmiştir. İleri analizler için toplanan örnekler içerisinden 3 tanesi elde edildikleri coğrafik orijine göre seçilerek, RT-PCR ile kılıf protein genlerinin tamamı çoğaltılarak klonlanmış ve sekanslanmıştır.
Araştırma Bulguları: Arazi çalışmaları sonucunda 72 bitkiden örnek alınmıştır. Virüs tanılama çalışmaları sonucunda ise 10 bitkide CMV enfeksiyonu tespit edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen sekans analizleri sonucunda GMB CMV izolatları birbirleri ile nükleotit düzeyinde %93.15-99.70 oranında, amino asit düzeyinde ise bu izolatların %97.71-100 oranında benzerlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Dünya izolatları ile gerçekleştirilen karşılaştırmalar sonucunda ise GMB izolatlarının nükleotit ve aminoasit düzeyinde %76-100 benzerlikler gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen filogenetik analizler sonucunda ise GMB CMV izolatlarının ikisinin altgrup IA, birinin ise altgrup IB’de olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma ile GMB kabakgil üretim alanlarında CMV enfeksiyonu tespit edilerek ülkemizden ilk kabakgil CMV izolatlarının kılıf protein gen dizilimlerinin genbankasında yer alması sağlanmıştır.
Modeling biomass-based biofuel production and developing a reference energy system for the agricultural sector in Turkey
Authors: ŞAHBAZ Mehmet , SULUKAN Egemen 
Published: July 2020

Objective: In this study, a reference energy system was developed, and biomass-based biofuel production was modeled for the agricultural sector in Turkey. This was aimed at supplying the entire energy requirement of the agricultural sector using agricultural biomass.
Material and Methods: In the generated model, domestically produced sugar beet, and canola plants were selected as the energy-producing resources. A market allocation model was generated by interfacing the ANSWER software with all of the relevant import and export components.
Results: The reference energy system was developed in six columns, including energy resources and demands. As a result of the use of domestic resources, the dependence on energy to foreign countries will be reduced and a new source of employment will be generated in this sector. Furthermore, the production and consumption of biofuels are more appropriate both in terms of cost and in terms of greenhouse gas emissions than fossil fuels.
Conclusion: The energy demand for the entire agricultural sector is met by the energy supplied from domestic bio-sources produced using part of the agricultural land.
PERILAKU SEKSUAL REMAJA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS FAKTOR DARI THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR (TPB) DI SMA TRI GUNA BHAKTI SURABAYA
Authors: Motrik Motrik , Nursalam Nursalam , Kusumaningrum Tiyas 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Sexual behavior in mid adolescent constitutes multidimensial problem, regarded by various factors their self and also from outside self stripling. The purpose of the study was to explain the correlation between adolescent attitudes toward sexuality, perceived behavioral to control adolescent sexual behavior with the intention of sexual activity. Intention of sexual activity, perceived behavioral to control adolescent sexual behavior with sexual behavior. Method: Desain used a descriptive analitik with the approach cross sectional. The population were all of class X and XI on Tri Guna Bhakti Surabaya High School. The sample was 37 respondents. The independent variables were attitudes toward sexuality, perceived behavioral to control adolescent sexual behavior, intention of sexual activity. Sexual behavior became the dependent variable. Data were collected using questionnaires and were then analyzed using spearman’s rho correlation with level of significance of p<0.05. Result: The result showed that attitudes toward sexuality, perceived behavioral to control adolescent sexual behavior have strong enough correlation with intention of sexual activity, intention of sexual activity have strong correlation with sexual behavior, perceived behavioral to control adolescent sexual behavior have strong enough correlation with sexual behavior. Disscuccion: It can be concluded that adolescent who have a good attitude about sexuality, a good perception about the ability to control sexual behavior have low intention of sexual activity. Adolescent who have low intention of sexual activity, a good perception about the ability to control sexual behavior have the sexual behavior are less active.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PELAKSANAAN RONDE KEPERAWATAN
Authors: Moi Maria Florentina , Nursalam Nursalam , Asmoro Candra Panji 
Published: July 2020

Pendahuluan: Ronde keperawatan bertujuan untuk memecahkan masalah keperawatan pasien yang dilakukan oleh perawat dan pasien untuk membahas dan menerapkan asuhan keperawatan. Implementasi ronde keperawatan dapat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, sikap, norma subjektif, dan niat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ronde keperawatan di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Bajawa.Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional. Total populasi adalah 108 dan diperoleh 98 responden dengan total sampling. Variabel independen adalah pengetahuan, sikap, norma subjektif, dan niat. Variabel dependen adalah pelaksanaan putaran keperawatan. Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis oleh Spearmen's Rho.Hasil: Faktor dominan dalam pelaksanaan ronde keperawatan adalah intensi (p=0,007). Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap (p = 0,000), pengetahuan dengan norma subjektif (p = 0,000), sikap dengan niat (p = 0,004), norma subyektif dengan niat (p = 0,002), niat dengan ronde keperawatan ( p = 0,030).Kesimpulan: Implementasi ronde keperawatan akan berjalan dengan baik dengan pengetahuan yang ronde keperawatan. Sehingga pelatihan dalam ronde keperawatan diperlukan dan implementasi ronde keperawatan harus teratur dan berkelanjutan.
Prevalence and Saverity Level of Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) on Rabbits in Sajen Village, Pacet SUB-District, Mojokerto Regency
Authors: Laksono Taufik Tri , Yuliani Gandul Atik , Sunarso Agus , Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , Suwanti Lucia Tri 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi dan tingkat keparahan scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei) pada ternak kelinci di Desa Sajen, Kecamatan Pacet, Kabupaten Mojokereto. Sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi merupakan tungau dengan predileksi di stratum korneum dari kulit dan penyebab scabies. Gejala klinis ditandai dengan alopecia and krusta pada kulit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksploratif labolatorik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kelinci pada satu peternakan yang memiliki gejala klinis scabies dan hasil dari kerokan kulit pada pemeriksaan laboratoris secara natif. Kelinci yang positif scabies kemudian dilakukan skoring berdasarkan tingkat keparahan pada regio tubuh dan gejala klinisnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 110 ekor kelinci dalam populasi, terdapat 19 ekor yang terinfeksi scabies dan terdapat 2 tingkat keparahan scabies pada kelinci yaitu tingkat keparahan ringan dan sedang yang terbagi atas 2 regio tubuh. Tingkat keparahan ringan menunjukkan gejala klinis alopecia dan krusta pada regio wajah sedangkan tingkat keparahan sedang pada regio wajah dan kaki. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah angka prevalensi scabies sebesar 17,27% dan tingkat keparahan ringan sebesar 26,32% serta tingkat keparahan sedang sebesar 73,68.
Analysing the preferences for family doctor contract services in rural China: a study using a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Fu Peipei , Wang Yi , Liu Shimeng , Li Jiajia , Gao Qiufeng , Zhou Chengchao , Meng Qingyue , Sylvia Sean 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Preliminary evaluations have found that family doctor contract services (FDCSs) have significantly controlled medical expenses, better managed chronic diseases, and increased patient satisfaction and service compliance. In 2016, China proposed the establishment of a family doctor system to carry out contract services, but studies have found the uptake and utilization of these services to be limited. This study aimed to investigate rural residents’ preferences for FDCSs from the perspective of the Chinese public.Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was performed to elicit the preferences for FDCSs among rural residents in China. Attributes and levels were established based on a literature review and qualitative methods. Five attributes, i.e., cost, medicine availability, the reimbursement rate, family doctor competence, and family doctor attitude, were evaluated using a mixed logit model.Results: A total of 609 residents were included in the main DCE analysis. The respondents valued the high competence (coefficient 2.44, [SE 0.13]) and the good attitude (coefficient 1.42, [SE 0.09]) of family doctors the most. Cost was negatively valued (coefficient -0.01, [SE 0.01]), as expected. Preference heterogeneity analysis was conducted after adjusting the interaction terms, and we found that rural residents with higher educational attainment prefer a good attitude more than their counterparts with lower educational attainment. The estimated willingness to pay (WTP) for “high” relative to “low” competence was 441.13 RMB/year, and the WTP for a provider with a “good” attitude relative to a “poor” attitude was 255.77 RMB/year. Conclusion: The present study suggests that strengthening and improving the quality of primary health care, including the competence and attitudes of family doctors, should be prioritized to increase the uptake of FDCSs. The contract service package, including the annual cost, the insurance reimbursement rate and individualized services, should be redesigned to be congruent with residents having different health statuses and their stated preferences.
Continuum of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Risks among Syrian Refugee Women and Girls in Lebanon
Authors: Roupetz Sophie , Garbern Stephanie , Michael Saja , Bergquist Harveen , Glaesmer Heide , Bartels Susan A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: A myriad of factors including socio-economic hardships impact refugees, with females being additionally exposed to various forms of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). The aim of this qualitative analysis was to understand and to provide new insight into the experiences of SGBV among Syrian refugee women and girls in Lebanon. Methods: The data are gained from a larger mixed-methods study, investigating the experiences of Syrian refugee girls in Lebanon, using an iPad and the data collection tool, SenseMaker®. The SenseMaker survey intentionally did not ask direct questions about experiences of SGBV but instead enabled stories about SGBV to become apparent from a wide range of experiences in the daily lives of Syrian girls. For this analysis, all first-person stories by female respondents about experiences of SGBV were included in a thematic analysis as well as a random selection of male respondents who provided stories about the experiences of Syrian girls in Lebanon. Results: In total, 70 of the 327 first person stories from female respondents and 42 of the 159 stories shared by male respondents included dialogue on SGBV. While experiences of sexual harassment were mainly reported by women and girls, male respondents were much more likely to talk explicitly about sexual exploitation. Due to different forms of SGBV risks in public, unmarried girls were at high risk of child marriage, whereas married girls more often experienced some form of IPV and/or DV. In abusive relationships, some girls and women continued to face violence as they sought divorces and attempted to flee unhealthy situations. Conclusions: This study contributes to existing literature by examining SGBV risks and experiences for refugees integrated into their host community, and also by incorporating the perceptions of men. Our findings shed light on the importance of recognizing the impact of SGBV on the family as a whole, in addition to each of the individual members and supports considering the cycle of SGBV not only across the woman’s lifespan but also across generations. Gendered differences in how SGBV was discussed may have implications for the design of future research focused on SGBV.
Premature Mortality of Gastrointestinal Cancer in Iran: Trends and Projections for 2001–2030
Authors: Shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi , Farzadfar Farshad , Yoosefi Moein , Mansori Kamyar , Shadman Reza Khosravi , Haghdoost Ali Akbar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The present study was conducted to determine the trend and projection of premature mortality from gastrointestinal cancers (GI cancers) at national and subnational levels in Iran.Methods: Employing the data obtained from Iranian Death Registry System (DRS) and population data from census, the mortality rates of GI cancers was calculated among 30-70 age groups. The trends of esophageal, colon and rectum, gallbladder, pancreases, stomach, and liver cancer premature mortalities were estimated and projected at the national and subnational levels from 2001 to 2030. Then, Spatio-temporal model was used to project spatial and temporal correlations. Results: The overall mortality rate of GI cancers was higher in males than in females, indicating 6.1, 3.9 and 3.9 percent per 100000 individuals among males in 2001, 2015 and 2030 respectively and 3.8, 3.1 and 3.7 per 100000 individuals among females in the same time-frame. The overall mortality rate of GI cancers in males was decreasing until 2015 and will remain stationary into 2030; however, the rate will be increasing among females in both time-frames. Also, there was a considerable variation in the mortality trends of different cancers. Pancreatic, gallbladder, and liver cancers were shown to have an increasing trend while a drop was observed in the mortality rates of stomach, colon and rectum, and esophageal cancers. Conclusion: Variation of GI cancers patterns and trends around the country indicated that a more comprehensive control plan is needed to include the predicted variations.
Effect of Bowel Preparation Volume in Inpatient Colonoscopy. Results of a Prospective, Randomized, Comparative Pilot Study
Authors: Hernandez Patricia V , Horsley-Silva Jennifer L. , Snyder Diana L. , Baffy Noemi , Atia Mary , Koepke Laura , Buras Matthew R. , Lim Elisabeth S. , Ruff Kevin , Umar Sarah B. , Islam Sameer , Ramirez Francisco C. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Inpatient status has been shown to be a predictor of poor bowel preparation for colonoscopy; however, the optimal bowel preparation regimen for hospitalized patients is unknown. Our aim was to compare the efficacy of bowel preparation volume size in hospitalized patients undergoing inpatient colonoscopy.Methods: This prospective, single blinded (endoscopist), randomized controlled trial was conducted as a pilot study at a tertiary referral medical center. Hospitalized patients undergoing inpatient colonoscopy were assigned randomly to receive a high, medium, or low-volume preparation. Data collection included colon preparation quality, based on the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, and a questionnaire given to all subjects evaluating the ability to completely finish bowel preparation and adverse effects (unpleasant taste, nausea, and vomiting). Results: Twenty-five colonoscopies were performed in 25 subjects. Patients who received low-volume preparation averaged a higher mean total BBPS (7.4, SD 1.62), in comparison to patients who received high-volume (7.0, SD 1.41) and medium-volume prep (6.9, SD 1.55), P = 0.77. When evaluating taste a higher score meant worse taste. The low-volume group scored unpleasant taste as 0.6 (0.74), while the high-volume group gave unpleasant taste a score of 2.2 (0.97) and the medium-volume group gave a score of 2.1 (1.36), P < 0.01.Conclusion: In this pilot study we found that low-volume colon preparation may be preferred in the inpatient setting due its better rate of tolerability and comparable bowel cleanliness when compared to larger volume preparation, although we cannot overreach any definitive conclusion. Further more robust studies are required to confirm these findings.Trial registration: The Affect of Low-Volume Bowel Preparation for Hospitalized Patients Colonoscopies. Trial registration: NCT01978509 (terminated). Retrospectively registered on November 07, 2013.
Can people-centered community-oriented interventions improve skilled birth attendance? Evidence from a quasi-experimental study in rural communities of Cambodia, Kenya, and Zambia
Authors: Edward Anbrasi , Krishnan Aparna , Ettyang Grace , Jung Younghee , Perry Henry B , Ghee Annette E , Chege Jane 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Skilled attendance at delivery is a key marker for reducing maternal mortality. Effective community engagement strategies complemented by community health worker (CHW) services can improve access to maternal health services in areas with limited health infrastructure or workforce. Methods A quasi-experimental study with matched comparison groups was conducted in Cambodia, Kenya and Zambia to determine the effect of integrated community investments on skilled birth attendance (SBA). In each country, communities in two districts/sub-districts received a package of community-oriented interventions comprised of timed CHW household health promotion for maternal, newborn and child health complemented by social accountability mechanisms using community scorecards. Two matched comparison districts/sub-districts received ongoing routine interventions. Data from the final evaluation were examined to determine the effect of timed CHW services and community-oriented interventions on SBA. Results Over 80% of the 3,037 women in Cambodia, 2,805 women in Kenya and 1,171 women in Zambia reported SBA. Women in intervention sites who received timely CHW health promotion and social accountability mechanisms in Cambodia showed significantly higher odds of SBA (aOR=7.48; 95% CI: 3.87, 14.5). The findings also indicated that women over the age of 24 in Cambodia, women with primary or secondary education in Cambodia and secondary education in Kenya, women from higher wealth quintiles in Cambodia, and women with four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits in all countries reported significantly higher odds of SBA. Inclusion of family members in pregnancy-related discussions in Kenya (aOR=2.12; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.26) and Zambia (aOR=6.78; 95% CI: 1.15, 13.9) and follow up CHW visits after a referral or health facility visit (aOR=2.44; 95% CI: 1.30, 4.60 in Cambodia; aOR=2.17; 95% CI 1.25, 3.75 in Kenya; aOR=1.89; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.02 in Zambia) also showed significantly greater odds of SBA.Conclusions Enhancing people-centered care through culturally appropriate community-oriented strategies integrating timely CHW health promotion and social accountability mechanisms shows some evidence for improving SBA during delivery. These strategies can accelerate the achievement of the sustainable development goals for maternal child and newborn health.