bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Pain Sketches Can Predict Surgical Outcomes in Trigger-Site Deactivation Surgery for Headaches
Authors: Gfrerer Lisa , Hansdorfer Marek A. , Amador Ricardo O. , Nealon Kassandra P. , Chartier Christian , Runyan Gem G. , Zarfos Samuel D. , Austen William Gerald 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Patient selection for headache surgery is an important variable to ensure successful outcomes. In the authors’ experience, a valuable method to visualize pain/trigger sites is to ask patients to draw their pain. The authors have found that there are pathognomonic pain patterns for each site, and typically do not operate on patients with atypical pain sketches, as they believe such patients are poor surgical candidates. However, a small subset of these atypical patients undergo surgery based on other strong clinical findings. In this study, the authors attempt to quantify this clinical experience.

Methods:
Patients were prospectively enrolled and completed pain sketches at screening. One hundred six diagrams were analyzed/categorized by two independent, blinded reviewers as follows: (1) typical (pain over nerve distribution, expected radiation); (2) intermediate (pain over nerve distribution, atypical radiation); or (3) atypical (pain outside of normal nerve distribution, atypical radiation). Preoperative and postoperative Migraine Headache Index was compared between subgroups using unpaired t tests.

Results:
Migraine Headache Index improvement was 73 ± 38 percent in the typical group, 78 ± 30 percent in the intermediate group, and 30 ± 40 percent in the atypical group. There was a significant difference in Migraine Headache Index between the typical and atypical groups (p = 0.03) and between the intermediate and atypical groups (p < 0.01). The chance of achieving Migraine Headache Index improvement greater than 30 percent in the atypical group was 20 percent.

Conclusions:
Patient pain sketches classified as atypical (facial pain, atypical pain point origin, diffuse pain) can predict poor outcomes in headache surgery. As the authors continue to develop patient selection criteria for headache surgery, patient sketches should be considered as an effective, cheap, and simple-to-interpret tool for selecting candidates for surgery.
Breast Reconstruction Using a Three-Dimensional Absorbable Mesh Scaffold and Autologous Fat Grafting: A Composite Strategy Based on Tissue-Engineering Principles
Authors: Rehnke Robert D. , Schusterman M. Asher , Clarke John M. , Price Brent C. , Waheed Uzma , Debski Richard E. , Badylak Stephen F. , Rubin J. Peter 
Published: September 2020

Summary:
Breast reconstruction remains an important field in plastic surgery, with most procedures using implants and/or autologous tissue. Few series report on experience with fat grafting as the primary form of breast reconstruction. The present article describes a new method of breast reconstruction using a three-dimensional absorbable mesh construct—or Lotus scaffold—and autologous fat grafting. A retrospective review was performed for all patients who underwent breast reconstruction using the Lotus scaffold and autologous fat grafting. Postoperative mammograms and magnetic resonance imaging scans were analyzed. Tissue specimens collected at subsequent procedures were harvested and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic evaluation. Lastly, compression testing of the scaffold was performed using a tensiometer and digital tracking technology. Twenty-two patients underwent reconstruction of 28 breasts using the Lotus scaffold and autologous fat grafting between February of 2015 and February of 2018. Average follow-up was 19 months. All patients were satisfied with final breast shape and size. Mean patient age was 60.5 years and the average body mass index was 28 kg/m2. Patients required on average two fat grafting sessions to achieve a successful result (range, zero to four). Postoperative mammography and magnetic resonance imaging showed robust adipose tissue in the breast with a slowly resorbing mesh and no oil cysts or calcifications. Histologic evaluation showed the presence of fat tissue around the scaffold and no evidence of capsule formation. Compression testing revealed the Lotus scaffold to be compliant with a high-resilience profile. The Lotus scaffold with autologous fat grafting is a viable method for breast reconstruction, giving the patient an autologous reconstruction with less morbidity compared to free tissue transfer.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Guiding Strategies for the Future of Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation: A Systematic Review of Organ Donation Campaigns
Authors: Mills Emily , Felsenheld Julia H. , Berman Zoe P. , Alfonso Allyson R. , Diep Gustave K. , Wolfe Erin M. , Park Jenn J. , Hoffman Alexandra F. , Ramly Elie P. , Rodriguez Eduardo D. 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Since the 1990s, the field of vascularized composite allotransplantation has gained momentum, offering unprecedented solutions for patients with defects not amenable to autologous reconstruction. As with solid organ donation, the vascularized composite allotransplant donor pool remains limited. This systematic review identifies past successes and failures in organ donation campaigns to guide future strategies for expanding vascularized composite allotransplant donation.

Methods:
A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Three databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase) were searched through July 31, 2019. The study compiled solid organ and vascularized composite allotransplant campaigns that aimed to increase donor registration. Articles depicting the current state of vascularized composite allotransplant donation were also assessed.

Results:
Of an initial 3318 articles identified, 40 were included. Six articles described direct mail or print interventions, 10 depicted Web-based interventions, 13 dealt with interpersonal interventions, and seven used multimodal interventions. Four articles described the current state of vascularized composite allotransplant donation. A qualitative synthesis was conducted. The authors found that social media campaigns can have a robust but fleeting effect on registration trends and that interpersonal interventions are effective at increasing registration rates. In addition, the opportunity for participants to immediately register as organ donors, by means of either return mail, in-person, or online, is vital to campaign success.

Conclusions:
Public organ donation campaigns have had success in increasing organ donor registration rates, particularly through the use of social media and interpersonal interventions that allow for immediate registration. Synthesizing this information, we propose a multimodal campaign to expand the vascularized composite allotransplant donor pool.
Body-Worn Versus Bell-and-Pad Alarm Device for the Management of Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis in Children
Authors: Peck Blake , Peck Bronwyn , Harvey Jack , Green Andrea , Svedas Kerrie , Whitaker Shirley , Nethercote Mark , Rosemarie Shea  
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of bell-and-pad alarm therapy to body-worn alarm therapy for the management of monosymptomatic enuresis in children 6 to 16 years of age.

DESIGN:
A prospective, randomized, adaptive clinical control trial.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
The sample comprised 86 children who attended a continence clinic for treatment of monosymptomatic enuresis and met the criteria for enuresis alarm therapy as per International Children's Continence Society (ICCS) guidelines. Subjects were randomly allocated to an experimental group (body-worn alarm, n = 41) or a control group (bell-and-pad alarm, n = 45). The study setting was a single-site specialist continence service in regional Victoria, Australia. Treatment was administered in the child's home.

METHODS:
Alarm therapy was administered by the child and/or parent for an initial period of 8 weeks at which time the child underwent a review with the continence nurse specialist. If the child had achieved 14 consecutive dry nights, the therapy was deemed successful and ceased. Children who had not become dry continued therapy for a further 8 weeks up to a maximum of 16 weeks, with a final review was instituted. Each child kept a diary for the duration of alarm therapy to report on frequency of wet/dry nights, times of alarm, response to alarm, and response to sensation to void (without alarm). The 2 types of alarm devices were compared with respect to categorical variables using dichotomous cross-tabulations and χ2 tests of independence based on the most positive outcome versus the other outcomes.

RESULTS:
Dryness in accordance with the criteria outlined by the ICCS guidelines was achieved in 18 children (43.9%) in the body-worn alarm group versus 29 children (64.4%) in the routine (bell-and-pad) group (P = .056). The bell-and-pad alarm performed better on 7 out of the 9 indicators, including the primary outcome measure of the child attained dryness for 14 nights or more, nightly alarm use, alarm woke child, alarm woke parent (P = .022), false (positive) alarms (P = .039), child turned alarm off and went back to sleep (P = .003), and child was compliant with alarm use. The body-worn device produced higher proportions of the most positive outcomes for 2 of the 9 indicators: relapse (P = .076) and false (negative) nonalarms (P = .066).

CONCLUSIONS:
Study findings suggests that the bell-and-pad alarm is preferable to the body-worn alarm. Additional research is recommended using other body-worn alarm devices across a larger population in order to establish the more definitive findings needed for clinical decision-making.
Analysis of geo-temporal evolution and modeling of the COVID-19 epidemic in Libya
Authors: Bredan Amin , Benamer Hani , Bakoush Omran 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHaving been experiencing years of political fragmentation and military conflict, Libya was poorly prepared to meet the challenges of the COVId-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, restriction of travel and social distancing rules were put in place days before the first case was detected. During the next two months, the number of cases grew gradually to 77 cases, followed by a rapid spread that has produced 3691 confirmed cases and 80 deaths by the end of July 2020. The turning point on 26 May 2020 was preceded three weeks earlier by the arrival of the first of a series of flights repatriating Libyans who became stranded abroad when air travel was suspended. In the first weeks of the surge, the number of cases was particularly high in the less densely populated southern region, raising questions about the implementation of social distancing and other protective measures in that region. The epidemic in Libya was modeled using the classical Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) mathematical model of infectious disease epidemics. Three scenarios were developed based on three estimates of the fraction of the population exposed to the disease (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5%). The modeling portrays the peak of the epidemic around early August and estimates that the number of deaths will flatten out around early November at between 250 and 600, depending on the parameter employed. More deaths than those estimated implies that it is more widespread than assumed. Greater promotion of awareness and understanding of social distancing practices and their value is needed, particularly in the south, and better protection of the elderly should decrease mortality.
Diagnosis value of SARS-CoV-2 antigen/antibody combined testing using rapid diagnostic tests at hospital admission
Authors: Veyrenche Nicolas , Bolloré Karine , Pisoni Amandine , Bedin Anne-Sophie , Mondain Anne-Marie , Ducos Jacques , Segondy Michel , Montes Brigitte , Pastor Patrick , Morquin David , Makinson Alain , Le Moing Vincent , Van de Perre Philippe , Foulongne Vincent , Tuaillon Edouard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe implementation of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) may enhance the efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 testing, as RDTs are widely accessible and easy to use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a diagnosis strategy based on a combination of antigen and IgM/IgG serological RDTs.MethodsPlasma and nasopharyngeal samples were collected between 14 March and 11 April 2020 at hospital admission from 45 patients with RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 and 20 negative controls. SARS-CoV-2 antigen (Ag) was assessed in nasopharyngeal swabs using the Coris Respi-Strip. For IgM/IgG detection, SureScreen Diagnostics and Szybio Biotech RDTs were used in addition to laboratory assays (Abbott Alinity i SARS-CoV-2 IgG and Theradiag COVID-19 IgM ELISA).ResultsUsing the Ag RDT, 13 out of 45 (29.0%) specimens tested positive, the sensitivity was 87.0% for Cycle Threshold (CT) values ≤ 25 and 0% for CT values > 25. IgG detection was associated with high CT values and the amount of time after the onset of symptoms. The profile of isolated IgM on RDTs was more frequently observed during the first and second week after the onset of symptoms. The combination of Ag and IgM/IgG RDTs enabled the detection of up to 84.0% of COVID-19 confirmed cases at hospital admission.ConclusionAntigen and antibody-based RDTs showed suboptimal performances when used alone. However when used in combination, they are able to identify most COVID-19 patients admitted in an emergency department.
Forecasting daily COVID-19 confirmed, deaths and recovered cases using univariate time series models: A case of Pakistan study
Authors: Iftikhar Hasnain , Rind Moeeba 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe increasing confirmed cases and death counts of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Pakistan has disturbed not only the health sector, but also all other sectors of the country. For precise policy making, accurate and efficient forecasts of confirmed cases and death counts are important. In this work, we used five different univariate time series models including; Autoregressive (AR), Moving Average (MA), Autoregressive Moving Average (ARMA), Nonparametric Autoregressive (NPAR) and Simple Exponential Smoothing (SES) models for forecasting confirmed, death and recovered cases. These models were applied to Pakistan COVID-19 data, covering the period from 10, March to 3, July 2020. To evaluate models accuracy, computed two standard mean errors such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The findings show that the time series models are useful in predicting COVID-19 confirmed, deaths and recovered cases. Furthermore, MA model outperformed the rest of all models for confirmed and deaths counts prediction, while ARMA is second best model. The SES model seems superior to other models for prediction of recovered counts, however MA is competitive. On the basis of best selected models, we forecast form 4th July to 14th August, 2020, which will be helpful for decision making of public health and other sectors of Pakistan.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices for Tuberculosis in Ngäbe-Buglé Populations in Rural Panama
Authors: Cuevas Laura R , Enendu Kaosoluchi , Raefsky Sophia , Bhatter Param , Frisch Emily , Cao Louie , Crochetiere Austin , Chow Emilie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPanama has a high incidence of tuberculosis (TB), especially in rural communities. A patient survey was administered to assess practices, knowledge and attitudes towards TB within the Ngäbe-Buglé population.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was distributed at Floating Doctors clinics. Subjects with familiarity of TB were assessed through questions about transmission, cause, symptoms, and treatment.ResultsOf the 106 patients who completed the TB practices survey, 68 patients (64%) knew of TB and completed the entire survey. Of the 64% who knew of TB, 61% knew medicine treated TB and over 80% could identify symptoms of TB. 40% reported they would feel ashamed of a TB diagnosis.ConclusionsMost with TB familiarity knew of TB symptoms and cause, but were less informed about mode of transmission and treatment. The majority of subjects had negative attitudes towards TB. This shows a need to expand TB education in the Ngäbe-Buglé communities.
The Transcription Factor NIGT1.2 Modulates Both Phosphate Uptake and Nitrate Influx during Phosphate Starvation in Arabidopsis and Maize
Authors: Wang Xue , Wang Hai-Feng , Chen Yun , Sun Mi-Mi , Wang Yi , Chen Yi-Fang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Phosphorus and nitrogen are essential macronutrients for plant growth and crop production. During phosphate (Pi) starvation, plants enhanced Pi but reduced nitrate (NO3−) uptake capacity, and the mechanism is unclear. Here, we show that a GARP-type transcription factor NITRATE-INDUCIBLE, GARP-TYPE TRANSCRIPTIOANL REPRESSOR1.2 (NIGT1.2) coordinately modulates Pi and NO3− uptake in response to Pi starvation. Overexpression of NIGT1.2 increased Pi uptake capacity but decreased NO3− uptake capacity in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Furthermore, the nigt1.1 nigt1.2 double mutant displayed reduced Pi uptake but enhanced NO3− uptake under low-Pi stress. During Pi starvation, NIGT1.2 directly up-regulated the transcription of the Pi transporter genes PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1;1 (PHT1;1) and PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1;4 (PHT1;4) and down-regulated expression of NO3− transporter gene NITRATE TRANSPORTER1.1 (NRT1.1) by binding to cis-elements in their promoters. Further genetic assays demonstrated that PHT1;1, PHT1;4, and NRT1.1 were genetically epistatic to NIGT1.2. We also identified similar regulatory pathway in maize (Zea mays). These data demonstrate that the transcription factor NIGT1.2 plays a central role in modulating low-Pi-dependent uptake of Pi and NO3−, tending toward maintenance of the phosphorus to nitrogen balance in plants during Pi starvation.
The issue of sustainability in a highly centrally regulated fiscal model of local governments: an empirical study
Authors: Bethlendi András , Lentner Csaba , Nagy László 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This study aims to assess the sustainability of local governments in a highly centrally regulated fiscal model.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a novel approach, a broad data set of almost 3,200 local governments and network methods. This paper analyses financial data from annual reports and other socio-economic sources using cluster analysis.

Findings
Even in this model, local governments show significant differences in terms of long-term sustainability. Investments do not compensate for the depreciation of tangible assets at a significant part of local governments. A specific type of soft budget constraint can be noticed. Heads of local governments do not “play” for subsequent ad hoc bailouts by the central government, but rather engage themselves in political competition for development subsidies. A further finding of this study is that shrinking populations itself does not explain the differences in local governments’ financial management.

Research limitations/implications
Further directions of research include the application of an extended approach to sustainability that gives an account of the availability and quality of local services, as well as aims to identify the qualitative social characteristics (success criteria) of the local government financial management.

Practical implications
The findings can be useful for policymakers, state audit offices, auditors, voters, users of public services and other stakeholders.

Social implications
The paper argues in favour of moving away from the financial balance in its narrow sense to a long-term and broader term of financial sustainability.

Originality/value
The findings provide new empirical evidence about the accounting-based measurement of financial sustainability in local governments.
A comparative analysis of Lagrange multiplier and penalty approaches for modelling fluid-structure interaction
Authors: Brandsen Jacobus D. , Viré Axelle , Turteltaub Sergio R. , Van Bussel Gerard J.W. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
When simulating fluid-structure interaction (FSI), it is often essential that the no-slip condition is accurately enforced at the wetted boundary of the structure. This paper aims to evaluate the relative strengths and limitations of the penalty and Lagrange multiplier methods, within the context of modelling FSI, through a comparative analysis.

Design/methodology/approach
In the immersed boundary method, the no-slip condition is typically imposed by augmenting the governing equations of the fluid with an artificial body force. The relative accuracy and computational time of the penalty and Lagrange multiplier formulations of this body force are evaluated by using each to solve three test problems, namely, flow through a channel, the harmonic motion of a cylinder through a stationary fluid and the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a cylinder.

Findings
The Lagrange multiplier formulation provided an accurate solution, especially when enforcing the no-slip condition, and was robust as it did not require “tuning” of problem specific parameters. However, these benefits came at a higher computational cost relative to the penalty formulation. The penalty formulation achieved similar levels of accuracy to the Lagrange multiplier formulation, but only if the appropriate penalty factor was selected, which was difficult to determine a priori.

Originality/value
Both the Lagrange multiplier and penalty formulations of the immersed boundary method are prominent in the literature. A systematic quantitative comparison of these two methods is presented within the same computational environment. A novel application of the Lagrange multiplier method to the modelling of VIV is also provided.
Ground filtering algorithm for mobile LIDAR using order and neighborhood point information
Authors: Huang Siyuan , Liu Limin , Dong Jian , Fu Xiongjun , Jia Leilei 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Most of the existing ground filtering algorithms are based on the Cartesian coordinate system, which is not compatible with the working principle of mobile light detection and ranging and difficult to obtain good filtering accuracy. The purpose of this paper is to improve the accuracy of ground filtering by making full use of the order information between the point and the point in the spherical coordinate.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the cloth simulation (CS) algorithm is modified into a sorting algorithm for scattered point clouds to obtain the adjacent relationship of the point clouds and to generate a matrix containing the adjacent information of the point cloud. Then, according to the adjacent information of the points, a projection distance comparison and local slope analysis are simultaneously performed. These results are integrated to process the point cloud details further and the algorithm is finally used to filter a point cloud in a scene from the KITTI data set.

Findings
The results show that the accuracy of KITTI point cloud sorting is 96.3% and the kappa coefficient of the ground filtering result is 0.7978. Compared with other algorithms applied to the same scene, the proposed algorithm has higher processing accuracy.

Research limitations/implications
Steps of the algorithm are parallel computing, which saves time owing to the small amount of computation. In addition, the generality of the algorithm is improved and it could be used for different data sets from urban streets. However, due to the lack of point clouds from the field environment with labeled ground points, the filtering result of this algorithm in the field environment needs further study.

Originality/value
In this study, the point cloud neighboring information was obtained by a modified CS algorithm. The ground filtering algorithm distinguish ground points and off-ground points according to the flatness, continuity and minimality of ground points in point cloud data. In addition, it has little effect on the algorithm results if thresholds were changed.