bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calibrated scintigraphic imaging procedures improve quantitative assessment of the cardiac sympathetic nerve activity
Authors: Okuda Koichi , Nakajima Kenichi , Kitamura Chiemi , Kirihara Yumiko , Hashimoto Mitsumasa , Kinuya Seigo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe 123I-labeled meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is an analogue of noradrenaline that can evaluate cardiac sympathetic activity in scintigraphy. Quantitative analysis of 123I-MIBG images has been verified in patients with heart failure and neurodegenerative diseases. However, quantitative results differ due to variations in scintigraphic imaging procedures. Here, we created and assessed the clinical feasibility of a calibration method for 123I-MIBG imaging. The characteristics of scintigraphic imaging systems were determined using an acrylic calibration phantom to generate a multicenter phantom imaging database. Calibration factors corresponding to the scintigraphic imaging procedures were calculated from the database and applied to a clinical study. The results of this study showed that the calibrated analysis eliminated inter-institutional differences among normal individuals. In summary, our standardization methodology for 123I-MIBG scintigraphy could provide the basis for improved diagnostic precision and better outcomes for patients.
Research on adsorption characteristics of H2S, CH4, N2 in coal based on Monte Carlo method
Authors: Wang Jiren , Ding Cong , Gao Dameng , Liu Hongpeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn order to study the adsorption characteristics of H2S, CH4 and N2 by coal under different conditions, the new macromolecular structure model of Dongqu No. 2 was constructed, and the grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) method was used to simulate the adsorption process of three types of gases in coal. The dependence of adsorption capacity of coal on its temperature, pressure and moisture content was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of pressure and temperature, adsorption isotherms of all the three gases follow Langmuir model. For pressure greater than 2 MPa, the influence of temperature on adsorption capacity was greater than that of pressure. With rise in temperature, the decrease in rate of H2S adsorption was least and drops in the heat of adsorption of H2S most. This indicates that the adsorption of H2S on coal is more stable than those of CH4 and N2. As the water content of coal increased, its adsorption capacity for the present three gases decreased linearly, and the capacity for H2S (1.77 mmol/g) changed the most. The reduction of free volume linearly and preferential occupation of adsorption sites by water molecules are the main reasons for the highest change in the adsorbed amount of H2S gas.
Cytokine concentration across the stratum corneum in atopic dermatitis and healthy controls
Authors: Clausen Maja-Lisa , Kezic S. , Olesen C. M. , Agner T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTape stripping is a promising technique for assessment of epidermal biomarkers in inflammatory skin diseases. However, to facilitate its implementation in the clinical practice, a thorough validation regarding sampling strategy is needed. Knowledge of biomarkers variation in concentration across stratum corneum is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the variability of cytokines across stratum corneum using tape stripping technique by consecutive application of 21 adhesive tapes (D-squame) to lesional and non-lesional skin from 15 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 16 healthy controls. Concentration of cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1b, IL-5, IL-18, IFN-γ, CCL17, CCL22, CCL27, CXCL8, CXCL10, TNF-α, TSLP, VEGFA) was determined in five different depths, using multiplex immunoassay. Comparing tape 4 with tape 21, no cytokine changed significantly in concentration in AD lesional skin. In AD non-lesional skin a small decrease was found for CCL17, CXCL8 and CXCL10. For healthy controls, a decrease was found for IL-1a, IL-1b, VEGFA and an increase for IL-18. Differences were found between AD skin and healthy control skin. Concentration of cytokines was stable across stratum corneum, indicating that sampling of only one tape from the stratum corneum is reliable in reflecting the overall cytokine milieu. Differences between AD and healthy skin confirm robustness of tape stripping for measuring cytokine levels.
Prevalence, functional characteristics, and clinical significance of right ventricular involvement in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Seo Jiwon , Hong Yoo Jin , Kim Young Jin , Lkhagvasuren Purevjargal , Cho Iksung , Shim Chi Young , Ha Jong-Won , Hong Geu-Ru 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe sought to investigate the prevalence, functional characteristics, and clinical significance of right ventricular (RV) involvement in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). A total of 256 patients with HCM who underwent both cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and transthoracic echocardiography within 6 months of each other were retrospectively analysed. RV involvement was defined as an increased RV wall thickness ≥ 7 mm on CMR in the segments of the RV free wall. Primary outcomes were defined as the composite of all-cause death, heart transplantation, and unplanned cardiovascular admission. Thirty-seven (14.4%) patients showed RV involvement. Patients with RV involvement showed a significantly higher left ventricular (LV) maximal wall thickness and left atrial volume index. Multivariate Cox model revealed that RV involvement was independently associated with primary outcomes (HR: 2.30, p = 0.024). In a subgroup analysis of patients with speckle tracking echocardiography (n = 190), those with RV involvement had significantly more impaired RV strain, which was independently associated with primary outcomes. RV involvement in patients with HCM correlated with more advanced LV structure and biventricular dysfunction, suggesting an indicator of severe HCM. RV involvement and impaired RV strain have a prognostic value related to clinical adverse events in patients with HCM.
Efficient radiational outcoupling of electromagnetic energy from hyperbolic metamaterial resonators
Authors: Yusupov Ildar , Filonov Dmitry , Vosheva Tatyana , Podolskiy Viktor , Ginzburg Pavel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHyperbolic metamaterials were initially proposed in optics to boost radiation efficiencies of quantum emitters. Adopting this concept for antenna design allows approaching long-standing contests in radio physics. For example, broadband impedance matching, accompanied with moderately high antenna gain, is among the existent challenges. Here we propose employing hyperbolic metamaterials for a broadband impedance matching, while a structured layer on top of a metamaterials slab ensures an efficient and directive energy outcoupling to a free space. In particular, a subwavelength loop antenna, placed underneath the matching layer, efficiently excites bulk metamaterial modes, which have well-resolved spatial–temporal separation owing to the hypebolicity of effective permeability tensor. Interplaying chromatic and modal dispersions enable to map different frequencies into non overlapping spatial locations within a compact subwavelength hyperbolic slab. The outcoupling of energy to the free space is obtained by patterning the slab with additional resonant elements, e.g. high index dielectric spheres. As the result, two-order of magnitude improvement in linear gain of the device is predicted. The proposed new architecture can find a use in applications, where multiband or broadband compact devices are required.
Time–frequency analysis of serum with proton nuclear magnetic resonance for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Sato Asahi , Masui Toshihiko , Yogo Akitada , Ito Takashi , Hirakawa Keiko , Kanawaku Yoshimasa , Koike Kaoru , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlthough serum markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA19-9) have been widely used in screening for pancreatic cancer (PC), their sensitivity and specificity are unsatisfactory. Recently, a novel tool of analyzing serum using the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) of free induction decays (FIDs) obtained by 1H-NMR has been introduced. We for the first time evaluated the utility of this technology as a diagnostic tool for PC. Serum was obtained from PC patients before starting any treatments. Samples taken from individuals with benign diseases or donors for liver transplantation were obtained as controls. Serum samples from both groups underwent 1H-NMR and STFT of FIDs. STFT data were analyzed by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) to clarify whether differences were apparent between groups. As a result, PLS-DA score plots indicated that STFT of FIDs enabled effective classification of groups with and without PC. Additionally, in a subgroup of PC, long-term survivors (≥ 2 years) could be discriminated from short-term survivors (< 2 years), regardless of pathologic stage or CEA or CA19-9 levels. In conclusion, STFT of FIDs obtained from 1H-NMR have a potential to be a diagnostic and prognostic tool of PC.
A rapid colorimetric LAMP assay for detection of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA causing sheath blight of rice
Authors: Choudhary Prassan , Rai Pallavi , Yadav Jagriti , Verma Shaloo , Chakdar Hillol , Goswami Sanjay Kumar , Srivastava Alok Kumar , Kashyap Prem Lal , Saxena Anil Kumar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRhizoctonia solani is one of the most devastating pathogens. R. solani AG-1 IA causes sheath blight in rice, maize, and other Gramineous plants. Accurate identification is essential for the effective management of this pathogen. In the present study, a set of four primers were designed viz. RSPG1, RSPG2, RSPG4, and RSPG5 for polygalacturonase (PG) gene, an important virulence factor in phytopathogenic fungi. All four primer sets showed specific amplification of 300 bp (RSPG1F/R), 375 bp (RSPG2F/R), 500 bp (RSPG4F/R) and 336 bp (RSPG5F/R) amplicons. q-PCR detection using each primer sets could detect up to 10 pg of DNA. We also designed six primers (RS_pg_F3_1/RS_pg_B3_1, RS_pg_FIP_1.1/RS-pg_BIP_1.1, and RS_pg_LF_1/RS_pg_LB_1) for PG gene. Further, a colorimetric LAMP assay developed yielded visual confirmation of the pathogen within 45 min of sample collection when coupled with rapid high throughput template preparation method (rHTTP) from infected samples. The sensitivity of the LAMP assay was as low as 1.65 fg/µl of template DNA and could effectively detect R. solani AG-1 IA from diseased plant tissues and soil samples. The LAMP assay was highly specific for R. solani as it did not show any amplification with other AG groups of R. solani and closely related fungal and bacterial outgroups. This study will help in designing an effective point of care diagnostic method for early monitoring of R. solani and thereby planning timely preventive measures against the pathogen.
Identifying breast cancer subtypes associated modules and biomarkers by integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wang Yanwei , Li Yu , Liu Baohong , Song Ailin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common form of cancer afflicting women worldwide. Patients with breast cancer of different molecular classifications need varied treatments. Since it is known that the development of breast cancer involves multiple genes and functions, identification of functional gene modules (clusters of the functionally related genes) is indispensable as opposed to isolated genes, in order to investigate their relationship derived from the gene co-expression analysis. In total, 6315 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognized and subjected to the co-expression analysis. Seven modules were screened out. The blue and turquoise modules have been selected from the module trait association analysis since the genes in these two modules are significantly correlated with the breast cancer subtypes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment show that the blue module genes engaged in cell cycle, DNA replication, p53 signaling pathway, and pathway in cancer. According to the connectivity analysis and survival analysis, 8 out of 96 hub genes were filtered and have shown the highest expression in basal-like breast cancer. Furthermore, the hub genes were validated by the external datasets and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In summary, hub genes of Cyclin E1 (CCNE1), Centromere Protein N (CENPN), Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHEK1), Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), DNA replication and sister chromatid cohesion 1 (DSCC1), Family with sequence similarity 64, member A (FAM64A), Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) and Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme E2 T (UBE2T) may serve as the prognostic markers for different subtypes of breast cancer.
Optical sensors for power transformer monitoring: A review
Authors: Ma Guoming , Wang Yuan , Qin Weiqi , Zhou Hongyang , Yan Chao , Jiang Jun , Ju Yiguang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPower transformers play a vital role in power transmission systems from the energy source to the consumption center. In situ diagnostics of the performance of power transformers provides a variety of benefits to ensure reliable electricity transmission. Immunity to electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity, high insulation as well as small dimensions of optical sensing make it very attractive for applications in power transformer monitoring. This paper presents a critical review of various diagnostic methods for power transformers such as partial discharge, dissolved gases, temperature and other important sensing, and optical detection. The advantages and disadvantages of different monitoring methods are carefully discussed and assessed. Finally, the existing technical barriers and future prospects of optical monitoring methods for power transformers are presented.
Infrared thermography‐based diagnostics on power equipment: State‐of‐the‐art
Authors: Xia Changjie , Ren Ming , Wang Bing , Dong Ming , Xu Guanghao , Xie Jiacheng , Zhang Chongxing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs a non‐contact temperature distribution measurement method, infrared thermography (IRT) has emerged as an indispensable tool in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of electrical equipment based on the absolute and relative temperature values. Manual fault inspection, as an expert‐experiences based evaluation method, has formed a mature technical scheme with a large number of application cases. However, the efficiency and accuracy of manual fault inspection are being challenged by the rapid growth in the number of equipment in power grid. The situation is improving with the advanced of image processing technique. Machine‐assisted fault diagnosis provides a novel method to assist human beings to complete fault diagnosis under the intervention of human prior knowledge. However, the limitations of infrared images bring challenges to image analysis processing especially target detection. In pursuit of automatic fault diagnosis, deep learning algorithms are introduced to achieve target detection in the complex environment. This study reviews the development of IRT‐based diagnostics beginning with the general procedures, objects, and limitations of IRT‐based fault inspection, and then gives an insight into the popular machine‐assisted fault diagnosis as well as image‐based intelligent fault identification. In addition, the future recommendations of IRT are also provided from construction of intelligent infrared detection system, establishment of an open and shared infrared image database and comprehensive utilization of joint visualization diagnosis technology.
Charge transport behavior in gamma‐ray irradiated poly(ethylene terephthalate) estimated by surface potential decay
Authors: Gao Yu , Li Nan , Li Jing , Du Boxue , Liu Ziyang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study reports on the variation in charge transport behaviour of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) caused by gamma‐ray irradiation estimated by means of surface potential decay (SPD) measurement. The 100 µm‐thick PET specimens were exposed to 60Co gamma rays to a maximum total dose of 1000 kGy. The SPD test was carried out to obtain charge transport related parameters via various models, and the effect of gamma‐ray on the transport behaviour was examined. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, gel content, ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscope were employed to characterize the change in material structure induced by the irradiation. The test results indicated that with the growth in the total dose, the deep trap centre was basically unchanged, whereas the shallow trap centre became shallower. In addition, the trap density tended to decrease. The carrier mobility in PET increased with the total dose, and the charge transport manner conformed well to the hopping model. It is suggested that the formation of oxygen‐based groups from the irradiation induced oxidation reaction tends to encourage the charge transport, while the decrease of amorphous region gives rise to the reduction in trap density.
SARS-CoV-2-induzierte Enzephalopathie
Authors: Abdelnaby Ramy , Elsayed Mohamed , Abele-Haupts Francis , Barkin Mehmet E. , Rudek Markus A. , Schmidt Kai 
Published: December 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas schwere akute respiratorische Syndrom-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), welches die Coronavirus-Krankheit-2019 (COVID-19) verursacht, trat erstmals im Dezember 2019 in Wuhan/China, auf. Diese hat sich rasch auf mehrere Länder ausgebreitet und ist zu einem globalen Gesundheitsproblem geworden. Über die Auswirkungen des respiratorischen Syndroms auf das zentrale Nervensystem (ZNS) wird in geringer, aber zunehmender Zahl berichtet. Wir berichten über einen Fall von SARS-CoV-2-induzierter Enzephalopathie mit einer biphasischen klinischen Präsentation, welche erst nach einem neurologisch unauffälligen Zeitraum aufgetreten ist.
Der aktuelle Stand der Employability (Beschäftigungsfähigkeit) von OMT-Absolventen der muskuloskelettalen (manuellen) Therapie in Deutschland
Authors: Anderseck Jana , Lüning Eva , von Piekartz Harry 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungIn dieser Online-Befragung wird erforscht, ob eine OMT-Weiterbildung (orthopädische manuelle/manipulative Physiotherapie) die Employability (Beschäftigungsfähigkeit) verbessert und woran man eine Verbesserung erkennen könnte. Veränderungen durch die OMT-Weiterbildung, deren Vor- und Nachteile und weitere Themen waren Bestandteile der Befragung. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv. 190 Fragebögen wurden ausgewertet, die Rücklaufquote lag bei 44,6 %.Die Befragung zeigte, dass die OMT-Weiterbildung teilweise Vorteile mit sich bringt. Die Vorteile sind laut den Befragten eine verbesserte Behandlung und Beratung von Patienten, mehr Spaß und Motivation bei der Arbeit und eine erhöhte Patientenzufriedenheit. Keine Vorteile sind hingegen in Bezug auf eine bessere professionelle Position, Mehrverdienst oder eine verbesserte Zusammenarbeit mit den Krankenkassen zu erkennen. Zudem ist die Zufriedenheit mit dem Dachverband OMT-Deutschland eher gering. Dennoch würden über 90 % die OMT-Weiterbildung weiterempfehlen.Es sollten weitere Studien in Bezug auf die Employability von Physiotherapeuten mit bestimmten Fort-/Weiterbildungen durchgeführt werden. Nach Aussagen der OMT-zertifizierten Physiotherapeuten nimmt die Employability nach der OMT-Weiterbildung zu. Die Beziehung zu dem Dachverband OMT-Deutschland scheint eher schwierig oder nicht vorhanden zu sein.
Cranial Ultrasound Is an Important Tool in the Recognition of Life-Threatening Infratentorial Hemorrhage in Newborns
Authors: van Steenis A. , Fumagalli M. , Kruit M. C. , Peeters-Scholte C. M. P. C. D. , de Vries L. S. , Steggerda S. J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTimely detection of severe infratentorial hemorrhage in neonates is crucial, especially in case of life-threatening brain stem compression and/or acute obstructive hydrocephalus, which need lifesaving neurosurgical intervention. Although the detection of infratentorial hemorrhage by ultrasound scanning is often considered as difficult, the use of additional acoustic windows and recognition of characteristic ultrasound features facilitate early diagnosis. In this case series, we report on newborns with severe, symptomatic infratentorial hemorrhage detected primarily by cranial ultrasound. We demonstrate the characteristic ultrasound features present in all cases and discuss how ultrasound diagnosis contributed to early diagnosis and treatment.
Discordance between Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Rearrangement in Indian Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kumar Manish , Kumar Kishore , Singh Harinder Pal , Nair Suresh , Patel Amol , Kumar Ashok , Soni Sneha 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aims This study aims to evaluate the incidence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutation in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) incorporating fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods and to look for any discordance.
Methods We evaluated 101 samples obtained from an enriched cohort of NSCLCs patients from the Army Hospital Research and Referral, New Delhi, India, between November 2016 and November 2018. IHC was performed using the highly-sensitive D5F3 rabbit monoclonal primary antibody. FISH was performed with dual-color, break-apart probe (ZytoLight SPEC) on formalin-fixed, and paraffin-embedded tissue. Discordance between IHC and FISH for ALK rearrangements was evaluated. Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was performed to identify any association of ALK presence (by IHC and FISH) with smoking brain metastasis, programmed death-ligand (PD-L1) expression, pleural effusion, and histopathological subtype.
Results A total of 7.92% (8/101) cases tested by IHC and 9.9% (10/101) cases tested by FISH were positive for ALK rearrangement. Of 93 ALK IHC-negative cases, 4 were ALK FISH-positive, whereas of 91 ALK FISH-negative cases, 4 were ALK IHC-positive cases. The correlation analysis demonstrated no or very weak correlation in ALK mutations by IHC or FISH with smoking, brain metastasis, PD-L1 expression, pleural effusion, and histopathological examination, except a weak positive correlation (r = 0.33) observed between brain metastasis and ALK rearrangement identified by FISH.
Conclusions Our study demonstrated a somewhat similar incidence of ALK FISH-positive cases and ALK IHC-positive cases, though the incidence was numerically higher for ALK-FISH method.
Cancer in Lebanon: A Review of Incidence Rates from 2008 to 2015 and Projections Till 2025
Authors: Khachfe Hussein H. , Rahal Zahraa , Sammouri Julie , Kheil Mira , Baydoun Hussein , Chatila Dana , Dirawi Hiba , Fouad Fouad M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and Objectives Cancer carries one of the heaviest burdens globally in terms of mortality. Lebanon is a middle-income Middle East country also plagued with cancer, as such a study and analysis of cancer trends and projections would serve a great benefit in the fight against the disease.
Materials and Methods All data pertaining to cancers in Lebanon were extracted from the National Cancer Registry of Lebanon Web site. Data were analyzed to produce trends over the years of our study (2008–2015). Ten-year projections were further calculated for the top cancers by the primary site using logarithmic models.
Results The top cancers in Lebanon are the breast, lung, colorectal, bladder, and prostate. The top cancers affecting females are the breast, lung, and colorectal. The top cancers affecting males are the prostate, lung, and bladder. Cancer cases are projected to increase in Lebanon over the next 10 years.
Conclusion Lebanon had a steady incidence rate of cancer cases during the time of our study. A more complete understanding of cancer trends and their ultimate reduction will require further research into the origins of specific cancers and the means of prevention and control.