bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a life-skills-based prevention program on self-esteem and risk behaviors in adolescents: a pilot study
Authors: Moulier Virginie , Guinet Hélène , Kovacevic Zorica , Bel-Abbass Zohra , Benamara Yacine , Zile Nadhirati , Ourrad Arezki , Arcella-Giraux Pilar , Meunier Emmanuel , Thomas Fanny , Januel Dominique 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundRisk behaviors among young people are a major social and public health issue. This study aims to assess the impact of a life-skills-based prevention program (calledMission Papillagou) on self-esteem, well-being, and risk behaviors among adolescents.MethodIn a two-arm controlled study involving 520 school pupils aged between 10 and 15 years old, participants taking part in the prevention program (the Papillagou group) were compared to pupils who did not take part (the control group). Two assessment sessions were performed, one at baseline, and one after either theMission Papillagouprogram (Papillagou group) or usual lessons (control group). Participants self-reported on their self-esteem, well-being, behaviors, interests and opinions.ResultsTheMission Papillagouprogram significantly improved Self-Esteem scores (ηρ2 = .035). Well-being (Cramér’s V = .14) and mood (“feeling of depression”: Cramér’s V = .503; “feeling hopelessness about the future”: Cramér’s V = .357; “waking up at night”: Cramér’s V = .343) also improved in the Papillagou group compared to the control group. Regarding risk behaviors, the prevention program produced a decrease in the frequency of insults (Cramér’s V = .267) and rumor-spreading (Cramér’s V = .440), and a change of opinion toward the possibility of smoking an electronic cigarette in the future (Cramér’s V = .372).ConclusionThis study suggests that life-skills-based risk prevention programs are effective.
Irish pig farmer’s perceptions and experiences of tail and ear biting
Authors: Haigh Amy , O’Driscoll Keelin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAbnormal behaviours such as ear and tail biting of pigs is of significant welfare and economic concern. Currently, pig welfare legislation is under renewed focus by the EU commission and is likely to be enforced more thoroughly. The legislation prohibits routine tail docking and requires adequate enrichment to be provided. In Ireland, tail-docking is still the most utilised control mechanism to combat tail biting, but biting is still widespread even in tail-docked pigs. In addition, as pig farms are almost all fully slatted, bedding type material cannot be provided. Thus, the opinions, and practices of farmers in countries like Ireland, which may need to make significant adaptations to typical pig management systems soon, need to be considered and addressed. We carried out a survey of pig farmers during 2015 in order to gain a greater understanding of the extent of biting on Irish farms, perception on the most important preventive measures, current enrichment use and actions following outbreaks. Fifty-eight farmers from 21 Counties responded with an average herd size of 710 ± 597 sows (range 90–3000 sows). Only two farms had experienced no biting in the last year. Of the farms that had experienced tail biting (88%), 86% had also experienced ear biting. The most common concerns relating to biting were condemnation and reduced productivity of bitten pigs with both receiving an average score of 4 (most serious). Ear biting occurred most commonly in the 2nd stage (approximately 47–81 days from weaning) weaner and tail biting in the finishing stage. The most important preventive measures were felt to be taking care of animal health, restricting density, maintaining an even quality of feed/content and maintaining good air movement. Sixty-five percent of respondents added additional enrichment following an outbreak. Chains were the most common form of enrichment currently used (83%). Those not using chains favoured wood, toys and rope (17%). Identification of the most effective and accessible control and prevention measures both for the animals and for the farming community is thus essential. Improved understanding of the concerns and practices of producers, which this survey contributes to, is a first step towards this aim.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of pharmacological potentials of Campsis radicans L
Authors: Islam Mirazul , Jannat Tabassum , Kuddus Md. Ruhul , Rashid Mohammad Abdur , Haque Mohammad Rashedul 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCampsis radicansL. is a flowering plant in Bangladesh, traditionally used for the treatment of several human diseases. In this study, in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing and in vivo analgesic, hypoglycemic, anti-diarrheal and CNS antidepressant activities of organic soluble fractions of crude methanol extract ofC. radicansleaf were investigated using appropriate experimental models.MethodsThe leaves ofC. radicanswere collected, authenticated, dried and extracted with methanol at room temperature for 30 days. The concentrated methanol extract was partitioned to petroleum-ether (PESF), dichloromethane (DMSF) and ethyl acetate (EASF) soluble fractions. The antioxidant activity of these fractions was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging method. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau’s spectrophotometric method. The thrombolytic activity was assessed by measuring clot lysis ability whereas the membrane stabilizing activity was evaluated by heat- and hypotonic solution-induced hemolysis assay. Tail immersion procedure and acetic acid- induced writhing model were used to measure the analgesic activity ofC. radicans. The hypoglycemic, anti-diarrheal and CNS antidepressant activities were determined by oral glucose tolerance test, castor oil-induced diarrheal model and thiopental-sodium induced sleeping time test in mice, respectively.ResultsAll the organic soluble fractions ofC. radicanscontained phenolic compounds varying from 6.38 to 60.13 mg of GAE/gm of extractive, while in DPPH assay, EASF showed the highest free radical scavenging activity with IC50is 4.69 μg/ml. The PESF exhibited highest thrombolytic activity (57.14% clot lysis) and the DMSF showed maximum 53.95% inhibition of heat-induced hemolysis of human RBCs. In both tail immersion and acetic acid induced writhing models, the PESF, DMSF, EASF at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, induced a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in the painful sensation in mice. Substantial (P < 0.05) anti-hyperglycemic activity of test samples was found in mice loaded with glucose at the same doses mentioned earlier. Castor oil induced diarrheal test of the plant extractives has shown significant effect in comparison to control group. In CNS antidepressant activity assay, the test samples were able to reduce the duration of sleep in mice caused by thiopental administration.ConclusionAll these findings revealed thatC. radicanspossess significant antioxidant, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, analgesic, hypoglycemic, anti-diarrheal and CNS antidepressant activities.
Externalization at work: responses to migration policies from the Global South
Authors: Stock Inka , Üstübici Ayşen , Schultz Susanne U. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe term “externalization” is used by a range of migration scholars, policy makers and the media to describe the extension of border and migration controls beyond the so-called ‘migrant receiving nations’ in the Global North and into neighboring countries or sending states in the Global South. It refers to a wide range of practices from controls of borders, rescue operations, to measures addressing the drivers of migration. The ambition of this Special Issue is to contribute to the mapping of the responses to externalization dynamics. The different articles in this volume are chosen to exemplify some of these processes at different levels of analysis. Through diverse disciplinary perspectives, the authors show how practices of externalization are being confronted, succumbed, modified and contested by individual (would-be) migrants, civil society actors and the host states’ institutions in different parts of the globe. In an effort to move away from a sole focus on border zones in the Global North, the Special Issue contributes to emerging literature shifting the locus of analysis to places in the Global South, which are conventionally understood as “transit” or “sending” countries in Africa, America as well as within Europe itself.
Scavenger Receptor Class B type 1 (SR-B1) and the modifiable risk factors of stroke
Authors: Lenahan Cameron , Huang Lei , Travis Zachary D. , Zhang John H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractStroke is a devastating disease that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain is either blocked or ruptured, consequently leading to deficits in neurological function. Stroke consistently ranked as one of the top causes of mortality, and with the mean age of incidence decreasing, there is renewed interest to seek novel therapeutic treatments. The Scavenger Receptor Class B type 1 (SR-B1) is a multifunctional protein found on the surface of a variety of cells. Research has found that that SR-B1 primarily functions in an anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic capacity. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of SR-B1 and focus on its potential correlation with the modifiable risk factors of stroke. SR-B1 likely has an impact on stroke through its interaction with smoking, diabetes mellitus, diet, physical inactivity, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and sickle cell disease, all of which are critical risk factors in the pathogenesis of stroke.
Orthogonally coupled geometrical constraints in optics design
Authors: Kimmel Jyrki 
Published: December 2019

AbstractModern optical multi-camera systems require integrating many camera modules in a small volume. A new space-saving concept for such imaging systems is presented, based on intersecting optical paths that utilize one or more common elements for the respective optical paths. The principles for the optimization for such systems is examined, providing the theory for geometric optimization constraints. These principles can become useful in designing e. g. spatially challenging 360-degree imaging systems for surveillance and consumer applications.
Trials of reuse the Pb-containing wastes of crystal glass factories into useable new materials
Authors: Hamzawy Esmat M. A. , El-Sherbiny Samya I. , Saber Abdullah M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Lead-containing glass wastes from crystal factories have environmentally harmful problems. In the current work, the reduction and the feasibility of recycling of such waste through the preparation of glass in the ternary system containing wastes—silica'sand—soda-lime-silica glass, were investigated in different ceramic or composite materials.

Results
The ceramic samples are characterized by crystallization of kilchoanite (Ca3Si2O7) in addition to mixed Ce oxides [i.e., CeO2 and Ce2O3] in Pb-containing waste alone. In the other ceramic samples containing the three constituents, low quartz, tridymite, cristobalite, and wollastonite were developed. The microstructures of the later ceramics show scattered needles and interlocked ones spread in glassy matrix. The density, porosity, and compression strength values of ceramic samples were between 0.392 and 2.743 g/cc, 9.33% and 30.19%, and between 10.26 and 83.25 KN/mm2, respectively. However, sintered Pb glass-containing wastes have the highest porosity, lowest density, and compression strength. The leachability of Pb in ceramic samples, according to the standard method by ASTM-D3987 (American Standard for Testing Materials, 2012), was between 0.025 and 0.007 mg/L which is lower than the legal value (5 mg/L).

Conclusion
The present product can be used in insulation, cladding brick, and as refractory (up to 900 °C) for the samples containing the three constituents.
Quinazolin-4-one derivatives lacking toxicity-producing attributes as glucokinase activators: design, synthesis, molecular docking, and in-silico ADMET prediction
Authors: Khadse Saurabh C. , Amnerkar Nikhil D. , Dave Manasi U. , Lokwani Deepak K. , Patil Ravindra R. , Ugale Vinod G. , Charbe Nitin B. , Chatpalliwar Vivekanand A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
A small library of quinazolin-4-one clubbed thiazole acetates/acetamides lacking toxicity-producing functionalities was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antidiabetic potential as glucokinase activators (GKA). Molecular docking studies were done in the allosteric site of the human glucokinase (PDB ID: 1V4S) enzyme to assess the binding mode and interactions of synthesized hits for best-fit conformations. All the compounds were evaluated by in vitro enzymatic assay for GK activation.

Results
Data showed that compounds 3 (EC50 = 632 nM) and 4 (EC50 = 516 nM) showed maximum GK activation compared to the standards RO-281675 and piragliatin. Based on the results of the in vitro enzyme assay, docking studies, and substitution pattern, selected compounds were tested for their glucose-lowering effect in vivo by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normal rats. Compounds 3 (133 mg/dL) and 4 (135 mg/dL) exhibited prominent activity by lowering the glucose level to almost normal, eliciting the results in parallel to enzyme assay and docking studies. Binding free energy, hydrogen bonding, and π–π interactions of most active quinazolin-4-one derivatives 3 and 4 with key amino acid residues of the 1V4S enzyme were studied precisely. Preliminary in-silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) prediction was carried out using SwissADME and PreADMET online software which revealed that all the compounds have the potential to become orally active antidiabetic agents as they obeyed Lipinski's rule of five.

Conclusion
The results revealed that the designed lead could be significant for the strategic design of safe, effective, and orally bioavailable quinazolinone derivatives as glucokinase activators.
Effects of suicide awareness materials on individuals with recent suicidal ideation or attempt: online randomised controlled trial
Authors: Niederkrotenthaler Thomas , Till Benedikt 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundAwareness materials featuring ways of coping with suicidal ideation can reduce suicidal ideation, the so-called Papageno effect. All of the previous experimental studies on this subject have been conducted with individuals not at risk of suicide.AimsTo assess effects of suicide awareness materials in a sample of individuals with recent suicidal ideation. Trial registration: German Clinical Trial Registry ID number DRKS00013613.MethodAdults (n = 266) with recent self-reported suicidal ideation or attempt were randomised to read an educative article featuring a lay individual with personal experience of suicidality (n = 86), a similar article featuring a mental health expert (n = 90), or an unrelated article (n = 90) in a double-blind online randomised controlled trial. Questionnaire data were collected before (T1) and immediately after exposure (T2) as well as 1 week later (study end-point, T3) and analysed with linear mixed models. The primary outcome was suicide risk as assessed using the Survival and Coping Beliefs subscale of the Reasons for Living Inventory (RFLI); secondary outcomes were suicide-prevention knowledge and mood.ResultsThere was an immediate beneficial effect on suicide risk in the intervention group exposed to the message delivered by the individual with personal experience (group 1) as compared with the control group that was maintained until the study end-point (study end-point: RFLI score mean difference from baseline within group 1 MD = −0.36 (95% CI −0.66 to −0.06), mean difference compared with control group MD = −0.71 (95% CI −1.27 to −0.14); d = −0.18). The effect was particularly pronounced for individuals with recent suicide attempt (RFLI score at T3, compared with control group: MD = −1.55 (95% CI −2.52 to −0.57); d = −0.23). Participants in this group also showed increased prevention-related knowledge compared with the control group.ConclusionsIndividuals with a recent suicide attempt appear to benefit from a printed narrative of positive coping with suicidal ideation. The intervention materials do not increase short-term suicide risk.
Breath holds in spontaneous speech
Authors: Aare Kätlin , Włodarczak Marcin , Heldner Mattias 
Published: December 2019

This article provides a first quantitative overview of the timing and volumerelated properties of breath holds in spontaneous conversations. Firstly, we investigate breath holds based on their position within the coinciding respiratory interval amplitude. Secondly, we investigate breath holds based on their timing within the respiratory intervals and in relation to communicative activity following breath holds. We hypothesise that breath holds occur in different regions of the lung capacity range and at different times during the respiratory phase, depending on the conversational and physiological activity following breath holds. The results suggest there is not only considerable variation in both the time and lung capacity scales, but detectable differences are also present in breath holding characteristics involving laughter and speech preparation, while breath holds coinciding with swallowing are difficult to separate from the rest of the data based on temporal and volume information alone.
Kokkuvõte. Kätlin Aare, Marcin Włodarczak ja Mattias Heldner: Hinge kinni hoidmine spontaanses kõnes. Artikkel kirjeldab hinge kinni hoidmist spontaansetes vestlustes ajaliste ja kopsumahuga seotud omaduste kaudu. Hinge kinni hoidmist analüüsitakse esmalt selle põhjal, kus see käimasoleva hingamisfaasi kopsumahu ulatuse suhtes asub. Teine fookus on ajalisel faktoril: kus hoitakse hinge kinni käimasoleva hingamisfaasi alguse ja lõpu ning vestlustes sisalduva kõne vm suhtes. Hüpoteeside kohaselt peaks hinge kinni hoidmine ajalisel ja kopsumahuga seotud skaalal toimuma erinevas kohas sõltuvalt sellest, milline kontekst hinge kinni hoidmist vestluses ümbritseb. Tulemused näitavad, et kuigi hinge kinni hoidmine esineb suure varieeruvusega mõlemal skaalal, sisaldab andmestik mustreid, mis eristavad kõneplaneerimisega seotud hinge kinni hoidmist teistest alternatiividest. Tulemustest selgub ka, et neelatustega seotud hinge kinni hoidmist on keeruline muudest eristada vaid aja ja kopsumahuga seotud informatsiooni abil.
Märksõnad: hinge kinni hoidmine, kõnehingamine, spontaanne kõne, vestlused kolme osalejaga
Dynamics study of thermal activation of BAC-Si in bismuth/erbium-codoped optical fiber
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Wei Shuen , Khan Muhammad Talal Ali , Luo Yanhua , Peng Gang-Ding 
Published: December 2019

The thermal activation of the bismuth active center associated with silicon (BAC-Si) in bismuth/erbium-codoped optical fiber (BEDF) has been investigated in terms of temperature, dwell time, and cooling rate. The experimental results show that temperature and dwell time have significant effects on activation of BAC-Si, and the underlying mechanism is further discussed. Especially, through the optimization of these dynamic parameters, the thermal activation of BAC-Si is achieved with a maximum enhancement

∼

2.5

times of peak luminescence intensity and 1.6 dB/m increment of the on–off gain at

∼

1405

n
m

. Such discovery clearly indicates that thermal treatment with optimized temperature, dwell time, and cooling rate could be an effective way to activate BAC-Si in BEDF.
High-power ytterbium-doped fiber laser delivering few-cycle, carrier-envelope phase-stable 100 µJ pulses at 100  kHz
Authors: Shestaev E. , Hoff D. , Sayler A. M. , Klenke A. , Hädrich S. , Just F. , Eidam T. , Jójárt P. , Várallyay Z. , Osvay K. , Paulus G. G. , Tünnermann A. , Limpert J. 
Published: December 2019

We present a carrier-envelope phase (CEP)-stable Yb-doped fiber laser system delivering 100 µJ few-cycle pulses at a repetition rate of 100 kHz. The CEP stability of the system when seeded by a carrier-envelope offset-locked oscillator is 360 mrad, as measured pulse-to-pulse with a stereographic above-threshold ionization (stereo-ATI) phase meter. Slow CEP fluctuations have been suppressed by implementing a feedback loop from the phase meter to the pulse picking acousto-optic modulator. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest CEP stability achieved to date with a fiber-based, high-power few-cycle laser.
Pegada Hídrica… …Água – um recurso finito a preservar: estudo de caso em duas turmas do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico
Authors: Gomes Carla Liliana , Dias Isabel Correia , Dos Santos Olga Maria Assunção Pinto 
Published: December 2019

A escola, em permanente desafio, exige de toda a comunidade educativa, principalmente dos professores, dinâmicas ajustadas aos paradigmas sociais atuais. Nessa linha de ação, o trabalho dos professores deve refletir práticas pedagógicas inovadoras como resposta aos desafios constantes da sociedade.
Dentro das temáticas que podem ser abordadas nas salas de aula, atividades relacionadas com a Educação Ambiental contribuem para a aquisição de capacidades, comportamentos e atitudes imprescindíveis para manter o equilíbrio entre o Homem e o Ambiente no que tange aos seus recursos naturais limitados, como é exemplo a água. O presente artigo pretende dar a conhecer algumas atividades relativas à temática, em duas turmas de 1.º ciclo do ensino básico (CEB) com alunos dos 1.º, 2.º e 4.º anos de escolaridade.
DESARROLLO INDUSTRIAL, ESTRATEGIA REPRESIVA Y CONFLICTIVIDAD SOCIAL EN EL NORESTE DE CHUBUT: EL “OPERATIVO VIGILANTE” Y EL TRELEWAZO DE 1972 EN PERSPECTIVA HISTÓRICA
Authors: BINDER AXEL 
Published: December 2019

En este artículo abordaremos el fenómeno de masas del Trelewazo de octubre de 1972, entendiéndolo como una expresión regional del proceso de lucha de clases del periodo, y en particular, como el resultado combinado tanto del acelerado proceso de industrialización como de la incorporación de la región al circuito represivo general. Ambos procesos dieron lugar a nuevas relaciones sociales, estimulando una creciente politización cuya “gimnasia” deliberativa y organizativa (en asambleas y comisiones) resulta fundamental para comprender de manera más íntegra las dinámicas de la pueblada. El “Operativo Vigilante” que dio lugar al Trelewazo, propició el alineamiento de las fuerzas políticas que se oponían al régimen, entorno a una demanda central que los supo articular: la libertad de los presos políticos y la defensa de los derechos humanos.
Sex life during pregnancy
Authors: Košec Tamara , Jug Došler Anita , Kusterle Mateja , Mivšek Ana Polona 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Pregnancy involves emotional and physiological changes, which affect the pregnant woman, her partner and their relationship. The sexuality of the couple changes with the onset of pregnancy compared to pre-pregnancy. The aim of the study was to investigate changes in the sex life of women during pregnancy.Methods: Quantitative research based on a questionnaire was carried out in August 2016 on a purposive sample of 685 women who had given birth at least once and women who were in the last trimester of pregnancy when completing the questionnaire. The data analysis included frequencies, percentages, mean values and independent samples t-test calculations.Results: The frequency of sexual intercourse decreased compared to the preconception period. The majority of women (43 %) included in the survey stated that their sexual desire declined during pregnancy. The most common factors that hindered women's sexual activity were fatigue and the feeling of awkwardness.Discussion and conclusion: Psychophysical changes in a pregnant woman may affect the couple's sexuality to a greater or lesser extent, which may in turn affect their relationship. It is therefore crucial that couples be offered quality counseling on sex life by appropriate institutions and programmes.