bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of Amazon river runoff on the multidecadal variability of the Atlantic ITCZ
Authors: Jahfer S , Vinayachandran P N , Nanjundiah Ravi S 
Published: March 2020

AbstractClimate model projections for the 21st century predict an elongated dry season in the Amazon basin, potentially reducing the discharge into the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. In order to understand the climatic role of Amazon runoff into the ocean, sensitivity experiments were carried out using the Community Earth System Model (CESM). Without Amazon runoff, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) strengthens and the associated increase in northward heat transport induces a positive temperature anomaly in the North Atlantic Ocean with a spatial structure similar to the positive phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV). A positive phase of AMV developed in the absence of Amazon runoff triggers a bipolar seesaw in SST across the thermal equator with warming to the north and cooling to the south. The boreal summer rainfall in the tropical Atlantic Ocean sector responds to this change in SST by displacing the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) to the north of its mean position. An alternate experiment by doubling the Amazon runoff shows a weakening of AMOC and AMV and a southward shift in the summer–time ITCZ. In both the experiments, we find that the largest change in rainfall is exhibited over the region where the AMV–induced decadal variability in rainfall is prominent, confirming the source of rainfall variability. Based on sensitivity experiments by varying the runoff, we propose that the Amazon discharge can affect the multidecadal variabilities, the AMOC and AMV, and thereby the low–frequency variability of rainfall over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and northwest Africa. We conclude that the freshwater input from the Amazon plays a significant role in the sustained wet and dry climatic phases of rainfall events over the tropical North Atlantic Ocean and West African nations and thus have an impact on the regional hydrological cycle and economy.
Changes of city image in Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Jaafar S M R S , Ismail H N , Md Khairi N D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Previous studies on destination image have attempted to capture the differences in destination perceive image between the before and after trips. However, not much study has focused on the during-visit perceived image. This is crucial as to how the tourists actually experience the destination is when they actually visit the destination. The study aims to explore the actual image and image changes at each stage perceived by tourists. A total of 384 international tourists participated in the study involving two stages, using questionnaire and VEP techniques in Kuala Lumpur (KL). Volunteer Employed Photographer (VEP) techniques were used in capturing affective elements of the destination. Finding shows that international tourists perceived KL differently before and during visitation. Before visitation, cognitive and affective images of tourists differed according to their demography, information sources, and travel characteristic. Elements of expenditure and food were dominant in the cognitive images while culture, expenditure, and food were dominant in the affective images perceived by tourists before visiting city. Acknowledging the image changes helps in understanding the tourist preferences and loyalty towards the destination.
Linking engineering approach and local wisdom in water sensitive urban design as an adaptation strategy to climate change
Authors: Permana A S , Petchsasithon A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The impacts of climate change on cities have been clearly identified. Climate change threats the cities on urban infrastructure, urban life and well-being, urban environment and entire urban system. One of the most obvious impacts of climate change on urban system is the presence of more vulnerability of cities on urban floods due to global sea rise. This is particularly valid for coastal cities. While mitigation strategies could not be comprehensively completed in short time, the adaptation strategies could, therefore, be undertaken to complement the overall strategies to minimize the impacts. An engineering approach can be done at micro-level but should not be the only solution among many possible ways out. Urban planning and design, on the other hand, could be implemented at macro-level. Water sensitive urban design aims at minimizing the negative impacts of water-associated delinquencies through city planning and design. This study attempts to juxtapose the possible engineering approaches to cope with the impacts of climate change in the city at individual micro-level buildings as a way of the urban citizens to adapt to climate change impacts. The engineering solutions proposed in this study are discovered from various studies around the world and adjusted to local conditions taking into account locally available technologies for proper suitability and the solutions are therefore technologically possible, locally adaptable and environmentally friendly. The local wisdom on climate change adaptation itself has been observed in Southeast Asian countries.
City edutainment for educational and social justice for early childhood
Authors: Rusman N S , Ismail H N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Increasing demand for education-based facilities has shown high expectation towards better city function and quality of life. The needs for entertaining and being educated by its population lead to the concept of city edutainment. In this context, concept of city edutainment is rapidly growing to fulfil the needs of the early childhood through a medium that both educates and entertains. Edutainment concept is seen as a new image approach to increase profile of these tourism attractions targeting school group as market segment. It can be seen from the establishment of several edutainment attractions in big cities. However, there are still limited discussions as to what extent the edutainment’s concept fit into the needs of the educational purposes programs and later influence the city development. Hence, this study attempted to discuss the fundamental concept of edutainment, social justice in education, and the way of edutainment in the city influences the early childhood development through learning. The study shows that edutainment facilities are important elements for both urban planning and education. The understanding provides the opportunity to enhance the learning experience’s quality in the city. Thus, encourage the provision of tourism-recreational use settings that are more efficient and contribute to nation growth.
Tourism social entrepreneurship in community-based tourism: A case study of Pentingsari tourism village
Authors: Aji R R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Tourism is one of the biggest sources of income in Indonesia. Therefore tourism should be developed at the community level to ensure this flow of money reaches local communities. There are many approaches to tourism, such as community-based tourism, which applies different concepts based on local community characteristics. Tourism social entrepreneurship is a concept of community-based tourism that aims at sustainable community development. Pentingsari Tourism Village is well-known in the Special Region of Yogyakarta as one of the most successful community-based tourism villages. This research aims to describe the application of the Tourism Social Entrepreneurship concept in Pentingsari Tourism Village. The study uses a qualitative case study approach that follows a single holistic model which is generally used to thoroughly explain events. The research shows that Pentingsari Tourism Village uses its human, natural, social, and cultural community capitals to develop its tourism activities. Using these community capitals, the tourism village develops creative tourism solutions to achieve sustainable community-based tourism. Pentingsari Tourism Village can serve as a best practice around the world because itwas able to implement sustainable community development through tourism.
A unique Solo City
Authors: Soedwiwahjono  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A city is a unique artifact that has meaning in the form of sites, events, and signs. Solo City should be seen as a place with cultural value, with a residential function and as an articulation of physical form. The development of the city must consider its unique conditions. The cultural values of the community must be considered while the elements of the city, functionally are synergistic and link resources and carrying capacity of the environment. Therefore, this paper addresses the question of what the city of Solo’s distinctive pattern of place, inhabitation and articulationis. The study used a qualitative descriptive method. It found that the city of Solo has experienced a change in cultural values; from mystic and utopian to realistic and pragmatic. The increase in economic activities is marked by the availability of facilities. The urban spatial structure of Solo was initially planned for the interests of transportation and defense by taking into account the concept of cosmology. Currently, Solo City has developed into a built environmentfor many activities. The city’s pattern of urban spatial changes is in line with its development dynamics.
Evaluating the quality experience of ecotourist in Taman Negara Pahang
Authors: Khairudin A D , Rahman N H A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Tourists that travel to a destination will gain different kinds of experiences due to several conditions of a destination. To identify what are the Quality Experience that a tourist gained, certain characteristics of experiences will be determined by using Memorable Tourism Experience (MTE). Taman Negara Pahang a National Park in Malaysia which rich in the natural habitat which is considered as an ecotourism destination. Thus, the purpose of this study is to understand the Quality Experience of eco-tourist in Taman Negara Pahang by using the Memorable Tourism Experience (MTE). This study will be focusing on the main objective which is to determine the most influential Quality Experience of eco-tourists in Taman Negara Pahang. This study is a quantitative study and an online survey was used as the data collection instrument for the 130 respondents. This study shows that the preferred Quality Experience of eco-tourist is Hedonism while the least preferred Quality Experience is Local Culture. This study contributes to identify the Quality Experience of eco-tourist gained after they have visited an ecotourism destination. Therefore, the results of this study can offer a quality contribution towards any responsible parties to manage Taman Negara Pahang in terms of services, and management.
Landslide community resilience: an examination of six neighborhoods in Sukorejo, Semarang
Authors: Ardinugroho N S , Handayani W 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSemarang city has been facing a severe landslide disaster due to climate change and rapid urbanization. Community resilience, in turn, is an indispensable aspect that may help the city to mitigate the greater risk of landslide. This research aimed to assess community resilience in the most frequent landslide hazardous area in Semarang, which is Sukorejo. This research employed a quantitative approach to measure the level of community resilience in the form of an index (scale of 0-1). As a proxy, there were four variables adopted in this study: psychological, social capital and demography, economic, and access to facilities. The result showed that the highest resilience level is in the aspect of social capital and demography (0.63), while the lowest is the economic aspect (0.43). The neighborhoods with higher economic scores are likely to have lower social capital and demography score; while they have a high score in the psychological aspect. The aggregate (regency level) community resilience score for Sukorejo is 0.58. This score attests that the community has reached a moderate level of resiliency; hence, it needs improvement, mostly in the aspect of economic welfare. Leveraging community resilience that comprises of improvement in economic readiness would be strategically vital.
Understanding the smart society in rural development
Authors: Rochman G P , Odah  , Chofyan I , Sakti F 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe smart society is a global movement that is highlighted in line with digital technology advances. Most studies of the smart society focus on the use of technology to aid human activities, especially in urban areas. Yet, the study on how technology impacts rural communities is still limited. As such, this paper provides an understanding of the smart society in a rural development context by examining the role of digital technology.The study applied qualitative research methods to understand the complexity ofan empirical study and used in-depth interviews with key informants. Then, a qualitative content analysis method was used by analysing communication systematically and objectively. The study found that the rural community was able to access and utilize external resources to provide added value to the community. Moreover, interactions between the rural and urban communities generated ideas through a learning process. One of these ideas was the application of digital technology to stimulate the social and economic development of rural communities. Digital technology was used to promote the potential of the village and facilitate the community in preserving local culture. Regardless, rural communities still have limited skills in usingand developing this technology independently.
The level of satisfaction in construction of post-earthquake houses in Tanjung Sub-district, North Lombok Regency
Authors: Widayanti B H , Yuniarman A , Lestari S A P , Yunianti S R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The earthquake disaster on Lombok Island in 2018 impacted 564 inhabitants, damaged167,939 houses, and damaged infrastructure. This condition requires the community to live in temporary shelters. The government, stakeholders, and other social agencies have worked together to rebuild the houses during the rehabilitation and reconstruction phase. The government’s earthquake-resistant residential model consists of simple instant houses (RISHA), conventional instant houses (RIKO), and instant wooden houses (RIKA). The purpose of this research was to analyze the level of community satisfaction of these houses. The research used five variables, i.e., reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangible with 24 sub-variables. The analysis method used isthe Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The research found that the CSI values for the RISHA and the RIKA model are 70.80% and 67.61%, respectively. Both models are in the satisfied category. Meanwhile, the CSI value for RIKO is 81.86% which is in the category of very satisfied.
Spatial territoriality in the Semanggi embankment area
Authors: Hakim I C , Sunoko K , Purwani O 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on the issues of territoriality in densely populated settlements in the Semanggi embankment area. Semanggi is one of the slums in Surakarta which has territoriality issues caused by uneven spatial growth. This location has a high population density, yet it also attempts to accommodate the growth of people"s activities. This issue occurs because of the environment"s failure to reach or provide the residents with the desired level of privacy. The territoriality in the Semanggi embankment area sometimes creates conflicts stemming from spatial issues, particularly encroachment; an outcome which indicates there is a practice of territoriality in this area which this research aims to explore. To gather data a descriptive qualitative method was used in this study, with information collected by observation and interviews. After that, the data that demonstrated the practice of territoriality via spatial activities was analyzed. The results show that there are practices of territoriality in the area, particularly by marking and personalization. These practices, which are mainly caused by residents" economic needs, might affect one another. The forms of territoriality practiced can also be affected by gender, physical factors, and cultural aspects.
Embracing tourist behaviour in managing Melaka WHS
Authors: Md Khairi N D , Ismail H N , Jaafar S M R S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Melaka WHS has inherited an outstanding universal value (OUV) that are listed as a World Heritage Site that must be properly managed. Stakeholders and agencies that manage a WHS are faced with a major challenge. In particular, making decisions for Melaka WHS is very challenging. WHS is a complex site where the management of the area requires the coordination of a large number of disciplines. Extending this line of research, the present study aims to understand the different perspectives of stakeholders and agencies that manage tourism resources through the tourist behaviour information gathered. In doing so, face to face interviews is conducted to validate the findings from those responsible and knowledgeable in managing WHS using content analysis in constructing appropriate themes which later can be used to develop a visitor management plan effectively. Evidence from five responsible agencies involved in managing Melaka WHS indicated that knowledge of tourist behaviour helps in assisting them in future planning and management. The results provide a different insights on the management actions and preferences. With proper knowledge, activities of tourists can be recorded and can be further used to inform management decisions such as wayfinding, accessibility, and carrying capacity.
Thermal reduction at the Atmowikoro House as the Javanese-Indische building in Laweyan
Authors: Larasati N N , Setyaningsih W , Winarto Y 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Climate is one of the most important factors to consider in house design. Climate in Indonesia has a relatively hot air temperatures, high solar radiation and high humidity. Javanese-Indische building is one of the architectural products of the past having a high quality of adaptability to the Indonesian environment. The application of the Javanese space and the colonial form created buildings in Laweyan as the best architectural description of its time. This article is intended to reveal thermal performance in one of the Javanese-indische buildings in Laweyan, the Atmowikoro house built in 1818. The aim of the study is to review the extent to which climate considerations in building a Javanese-Indische house were carried out by the Laweyan people at that time. The method employed was the quasi-experimental method using Ecotect software to take thermal measurements of Atmowikoro buildings. Atmowikoro house has the ability to adjust the thermal movement in tropical climate. The reduction in temperature is evidenced by the presence of an average thermal difference in the environment, 3.7°C higher in the dry season and 3.8°C higher in the rainy season than that of the temperature in the building.
Cultural heritage as city identity case study of Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hermawan B , Sholihah A B 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Cultural globalization has an impact on the loss of the distinctiveness of places, so place identity becomes an important issue in urban design. Ngawi is located in the western part of East Java Province and is often passed by tourists heading to cities in East Java. However, tourists are unfamiliar with Ngawi and only pass it on their journey. This underlines the need to form a city identity to lift the image of the city of Ngawi. Several cultural heritage sites can be appointed as city identity, namely Van Den Bosch Fort, Trinil Museum, Pesanggrahan Srigati, Kediaman Radjiman Widyadiningrat, Sien Hien Kiong Temple and Soedhono Sugar Factory. This study aims to identify factors of cultural heritage that can be used as a city identity as well as the way to manage these identity factors. It uses mixed methods through physical assessment, butterfly diagrams to assess cultural significance, and expert interviews to achieve robust results. The results of the study show that Van Den Bosch Fort is a cultural heritage site that can play an important role to represent the identity of Ngawi City. Consequently, appropriate management of the site is needed to maintain its role as a city identity.
Multi-ethnic community participation in the preservation of the heritage area of Ampenan, Indonesia
Authors: Hirsan F P , Jauhari L , Caesarina H M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Ampenan is located in Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. The city was previously known for its port and was the center of trade and economic activity in Lombok. To this day Ampenan still preserves its cultural heritage. The community in Ampenan is multi-ethnic due to its historic function as a port city. There are some ethnic villages located in the heritage area of Ampenan. Specifically, Malay, Chinese, Arab, Balinese, Banjar, and Bugis villages are located in the core of heritage area, and in its surroundings. This research aimed to identify the participation of the multi-ethnic community in preserving the heritage area of Ampenan. The study used descriptive-qualitative methods through observations, in-depth interviews, and literature review, using the variables of preservation of cultural heritage. The study found that the majority of the multi-ethnic communities who live in the core of the heritage area have a high level of participation in preserving cultural heritage. Meanwhile, those who live in the villages located in the surrounding area still lack participation because heritage preservation only affects their villages indirectly.
Muntok as a cultural landscape
Authors: Kurniawan K R , Soedjalmo D , Nuraeny E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The abundance of natural resources has influenced the cultural landscape of Muntok. It is blessed with hills, forests, rivers, and beaches that attracted people of various cultural backgrounds to settle. Besides its unique landscape, Muntok was famous for its commodities such as tin and pepper in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Malay, Chinese, European, and Arab clusters are the legacy of the commodities trade in Muntok. However, nowadays, the landscape is polluted by illegal tin mining. If this practice continues, it will further destroy the environment and Muntok’s cultural heritage. This paper investigates Muntok’s tangible and intangible values as a cultural landscape after the golden era of tin mining using a qualitative research methodology. This paper maps Muntok’s natural landscape from the hills to the shore, especially focusing on water-related aspects of the landscape. A series of in-depth interviews with locals forms the basis for a discussion of lost intangible values due to the destruction of the natural landscape. As a preliminary study, this paper proposes policy recommendations on conservation and development planning in Muntok. The paper also highlights Muntok’s potential to be recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site in the future.