bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migrant workers’ wage offers: the paradox of the involvement of recruitment intermediaries
Authors: Weeraratne Bilesha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Recruitment of labor migrants is often mediated by informal intermediaries (subagents) liaising between formal recruitment agents and potential migrants. Many countries of origin of migrant workers are struggling to reign in subagents in the recruitment process for labor migration. This article shows that focusing on migrants can compensate for this difficulty. Using primary data collected from current and potential migrant households in fixed effect models, this article shows that subagents’ unauthorized conduct of collecting passports is correlated with 27–80 per cent lower promised recruitment incentives, while subagents’ conduct of requesting fees for their services is linked to a 22–38 per cent increase in promised wages and 45–82 per cent increase in promised recruitment incentives. Migrants’ misperception that the subagent is compulsory in the recruitment process is associated with lowering wages by 7–15 per cent, while the misperception that subagent showed the identification card is associated with 10–14 per cent lower promised wages, and 32–72 per cent lower promised incentives. These findings show that better informing potential migrants about the role, formal status, and the implications of the involvement of subagents would lead to better wage and incentive negotiations. This approach would contribute toward facilitating orderly, safe, regular, and responsible recruitment for labor migration envisioned by Sustainable Development Goals and the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration.
LSQ13ddu: a rapidly evolving stripped-envelope supernova with early circumstellar interaction signatures
Authors: Clark Peter , Maguire Kate , Inserra Cosimo , Prentice Simon , Smartt Stephen J , Contreras Carlos , Hossenizadeh Griffin , Hsiao Eric Y , Kankare Erkki , Kasliwal Mansi , Nugent Peter , Shahbandeh Melissa , Baltay Charles , Rabinowitz David , Arcavi Iair , Ashall Chris , Burns Christopher R , Callis Emma , Chen Ting-Wan , Diamond Tiara , Fraser Morgan , Howell D Andrew , Karamehmetoglu Emir , Kotak Rubina , Lyman Joseph , Morrell Nidia , Phillips Mark , Pignata Giuliano , Pursiainen Miika , Sollerman Jesper , Stritzinger Maximilian , Sullivan Mark , Young David 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
This paper describes the rapidly evolving and unusual supernova LSQ13ddu, discovered by the La Silla-QUEST survey. LSQ13ddu displayed a rapid rise of just 4.8 ± 0.9 d to reach a peak brightness of −19.70 ± 0.02 mag in the LSQgr band. Early spectra of LSQ13ddu showed the presence of weak and narrow $\mathrm{ He}\, {\small I}$ features arising from interaction with circumstellar material (CSM). These interaction signatures weakened quickly, with broad features consistent with those seen in stripped-envelope SNe becoming dominant around two weeks after maximum. The narrow $\mathrm{ He}\, {\small I}$ velocities are consistent with the wind velocities of luminous blue variables but its spectra lack the typically seen hydrogen features. The fast and bright early light curve is inconsistent with radioactive 56Ni powering but can be explained through a combination of CSM interaction and an underlying 56Ni decay component that dominates the later time behaviour of LSQ13ddu. Based on the strength of the underlying broad features, LSQ13ddu appears deficient in He compared to standard SNe Ib.
Drone-based entanglement distribution towards mobile quantum networks
Authors: Liu Hua-Ying , Tian Xiao-Hui , Gu Changsheng , Fan Pengfei , Ni Xin , Yang Ran , Zhang Ji-Ning , Hu Mingzhe , Guo Jian , Cao Xun , Hu Xiaopeng , Zhao Gang , Lu Yan-Qing , Gong Yan-Xiao , Xie Zhenda , Zhu Shi-Ning 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Satellites have shown free-space quantum-communication ability; however, they are orbit-limited from full-time all-location coverage. Meanwhile, practical quantum networks require satellite constellations, which are complicated and expensive, whereas the airborne mobile quantum communication may be a practical alternative to offering full-time all-location multi-weather coverage in a cost-effective way. Here, we demonstrate the first mobile entanglement distribution based on drones, realizing multi-weather operation including daytime and rainy nights, with a Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt S-parameter measured to be 2.41 ± 0.14 and 2.49 ± 0.06, respectively. Such a system shows unparalleled mobility, flexibility and reconfigurability compared to the existing satellite and fiber-based quantum communication, and reveals its potential to establish a multinode quantum network, with a scalable design using symmetrical lens diameter and single-mode-fiber coupling. All key technologies have been developed to pack quantum nodes into lightweight mobile platforms for local-area coverage, and arouse further technical improvements to establish wide-area quantum networks with high-altitude mobile communication.
Status and trends in consumption of grains and dietary fiber among Chinese adults (1982–2015)
Authors: Yu Dongmei , Zhao Liyun , Zhao Wenhua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The objectives of this review were to investigate the status and characteristics of national grain consumption and dietary fiber intake among Chinese adults (aged ≥20 years) and to examine trends in consumption from 1982 to 2015. Data from 5 national surveys that collected dietary information using a household food weighing method and 24-hour dietary recall over 3 consecutive days were analyzed. In 2015, mean grain consumption was 281.1 g/per capita/d (rice 145.6 g, wheat flour 120.7 g, other grains 14.8 g). Total dietary fiber intake was 9.7 g/per capita/d, of which 3.8 g/per capita/d came from grains and accounted for nearly 40% of total dietary fiber intake for adults. The other major sources of dietary fiber were vegetables and fruits. The data indicates consumption of grains and dietary fiber in the Chinese population has been continuously declining since 1982 and the consumption of refined grains has increased. In order for the Chinese population to meet dietary recommendations for whole grain and dietary fiber intake, increasing the availability of more appealing whole grain products and public education are recommended.
Low-Dose Naltrexone for the Treatment of Fibromyalgia: Investigation of Dose–Response Relationships
Authors: Bruun-Plesner Karin , Blichfeldt-Eckhardt Morten Rune , Vaegter Henrik Bjarke , Lauridsen Joergen T , Amris Kirstine , Toft Palle 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective
This study explores dose–response relationships when treating fibromyalgia with low-dose naltrexone.

Design
A single-blinded clinical trial was carried out using the “up-and-down” method.

Subjects
Subjects included women with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia aged 18–60 years who had been referred to treatment at a public pain clinic at a Danish university hospital.

Methods
The test doses were in the range 0.75–6 mg, and the dosing interval was 0.75 mg. The method was sequential and allowed predicting the dose effective in 50% (ED50) and 95% (ED95) of the subjects when the dose had shifted direction 10 times, and six pairs of “up-and-down” data were available.

Results
A total of 27 subjects were included in the study; two subjects were withdrawn. After inclusion of 25 evaluable subjects, the dose estimates were calculated as 3.88 mg for ED50 and 5.40 mg for ED95. As a secondary outcome, the effects on 10 common fibromyalgia symptoms were evaluated. A high interindividual variation was observed both in the symptom presentation at baseline and in which symptoms were reduced by low-dose naltrexone.

Conclusions
This study is the first to explore dose–response relationships in the treatment of fibromyalgia with low-dose naltrexone. Future placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials are needed, and according to our findings, 4.5 mg, which has previously been used, seems to be a relevant test dose. We recommend that future studies include additional nonpain fibromyalgia symptoms as outcome measures.
Main Symptomatic Treatment Targets in Suspected and Early Psychosis: New Insights From Network Analysis
Authors: Jimeno Natalia , Gomez-Pilar Javier , Poza Jesus , Hornero Roberto , Vogeley Kai , Meisenzahl Eva , Haidl Theresa , Rosen Marlene , Klosterkötter Joachim , Schultze-Lutter Frauke 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The early detection and intervention in psychoses prior to their first episode are presently based on the symptomatic ultra-high-risk and the basic symptom criteria. Current models of symptom development assume that basic symptoms develop first, followed by attenuated and, finally, frank psychotic symptoms, though interrelations of these symptoms are yet unknown. Therefore, we studied for the first time their interrelations using a network approach in 460 patients of an early detection service (mean age = 26.3 y, SD = 6.4; 65% male; n = 203 clinical high-risk [CHR], n = 153 first-episode psychosis, and n = 104 depression). Basic, attenuated, and frank psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument, Adult version (SPI-A), the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes (SIPS), and the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Using the R package qgraph, network analysis of the altogether 86 symptoms revealed a single dense network of highly interrelated symptoms with 5 discernible symptom subgroups. Disorganized communication was the most central symptom, followed by delusions and hallucinations. In line with current models of symptom development, the network was distinguished by symptom severity running from SPI-A via SIPS to PANSS assessments. This suggests that positive symptoms developed from cognitive and perceptual disturbances included basic symptom criteria. Possibly conveying important insight for clinical practice, central symptoms, and symptoms “bridging” the association between symptom subgroups may be regarded as the main treatment targets, in order to prevent symptomatology from spreading or increasing across the whole network.
Canadian Science Meets Parliament: Building relationships between scientists and policymakers
Authors: Zhao Jiaying , Azad Meghan B , Bertrand Erin M , Burton Cole , Crooks Valorie A , Dawson Jackie , Ford Adam T , Kaida Angela , Krishnaswamy Arjun , Kuok Chikin , Mah Catherine L , McTaggart Matt , Moehring Amanda J , Robert Dominique , Schulte-Hostedde Albrecht , Sparling Heather , De Vera Mary A , Waterman Stephanie , Patel Trushar R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The first Science Meets Parliament event in Canada was held in November 2018 in Ottawa, where twenty-eight Tier II Canada Research Chairs (a specific class of Canadian university professor acknowledged by their peers as having the potential to lead in their field) from diverse disciplines met with forty-three Members of Canadian Parliament and Senators. The main goal of this event was to facilitate communication between these two key pillars of the society, to promote mutual understanding of the nature of their respective work, roles, and responsibilities, and to build long-term relationships. Here, we, representatives of the first cohort of scientists to participate in the program, summarize our experiences and lessons learned from this event, as well as our assessment of the benefits of attending this event for scientists, policy decision-makers, and institutions. Furthermore, we provide suggestions for similar future events in Canada and elsewhere.
Competing for Jurisdiction: Practical Legitimation and the Persistence of Informal Recycling in Urban India
Authors: Kornberg Dana 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHow did informal garbage collectors, who had long provided the only door-to-door and recycling services in Delhi, manage to survive the introduction of formal garbage collection trucks? This question raises the larger problem of why informal institutions—well-organized and socially recognized, but legally unauthorized and unregulated platforms for political and economic organization—have proven so persistent. I draw on evidence collected during 20 months of ethnographic research in Delhi, focusing on participant observation with informal collectors during their neighborhood routes and interviews with 50 informal collectors. Bringing together political and urban sociology, postcolonial urban studies, and institutional theory, the paper frames competition over city garbage and recycling as a relational matter. I argue that informal workers preserved their jurisdiction through practical legitimation, depending on everyday actions and social expectations rather than explicit laws or beliefs to secure legitimacy. I demonstrate how status-based relations, here based on caste and labor migration, can confer legitimacy and provide a source of regulation, as actors set out and meet implicit expectations for appropriate actions, relationships, and social boundaries.
Congregational Cohesion, Retention, and the Consequences of Size Reduction: A Longitudinal Network Analysis of an Old Order Amish Church
Authors: Stein Rachel E , Corcoran Katie E , Kowalski Brittany M , Colyer Corey J 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCongregations depend on their members for their success and survival. Yet there is a lack of research examining congregational retention or exit. Social networks are key to understanding religious group dynamics including retention; however, research on religious communities using network analysis is limited. We use Amish directories to compile longitudinal census data on intracongregational familial ties in our case study. We theorize and find that cohesion is inversely related to congregational size and positively related to retention. We find that splitting congregations reduces cohesion when members central to the network are removed even when congregational size is reduced. The findings may be particularly relevant for understanding retention and group dynamics in small congregations and ethnic congregations in which extended family ties more commonly form the membership base. The results demonstrate the utility of using social network analysis methods to test theoretical predictions drawn from the sociology of religion literature.
The disruption of hematopoiesis in tumor progression
Authors: Wang Xiaofang , Li Yangqiu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Human adult hematopoiesis maintains homeostasis by replacing depleted progeny pools and inducing a primary immune response to infectious diseases and tumors. Recent studies have shown that tumor progression is associated with profound perturbations in hematopoiesis. Scientists have sought to clarify the complex mechanisms underlying the developmental fate of hematopoiesis by assessing hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in various tumors. Results have shown that tumors disrupt normal hematopoiesis, resulting in extramedullary hematopoiesis and myeloid skewing. The key regulatory roles played by myeloid-derived suppressor cells induce immune suppression. Here, we summarize recent findings and discuss mechanisms underlying the disruption of hematopoiesis in solid tumors.
Macrophages in leukemia microenvironment
Authors: Wang Lina , Zheng Guoguang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Macrophages, the important component of tissue microenvironment, play important roles in both physiological and pathological processes, including tumor and leukemia. Tumor-associated macrophages are involved in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance. In leukemia, macrophages are educated by leukemia microenvironment to obtain specific activated phenotype and participate in leukemia progression. Recent studies have shown that accumulation of macrophages in leukemia patients or mouse model is correlated with poor prognosis. Hence, increasing attentions have been paid to study the characteristics of them and to develop novel therapeutic strategies targeting macrophages against leukemia. In this article, we summarize recent development of macrophages in leukemia microenvironment.
Tumor heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia: insights from single-cell sequencing
Authors: Chen AiLi , Hu ShaoYan , Wang Qian-Fei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIndividual tumors comprise genetically and epigenetically heterogeneous subclones, each of which is presumably associated with a distinct function, such as self-renewal or drug sensitivity. The dissection of such intratumoral heterogeneity is crucial to understand how tumors evolve during disease progression and under the selection of therapeutic intervention. As a paradigm of cancer intratumoral heterogeneity and clonal evolution, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been shown to possess complex clonal architecture based on karyotype studies, as well as deep sequencing of mixed cellular populations using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. The recent development of single-cell sequencing (SCS) methods provides a powerful tool to allow analysis of genomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, and epigenomes at an individual cell level. The technologies applied in AML have broadened our understanding of AML heterogeneity and provided new insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the progress in the research of AML heterogeneity using SCS technology and discuss the limitations and future direction regarding how SCS can contribute to AML prognosis and treatment.
The role of cholesterol metabolism in leukemia
Authors: Zhao Liang , Zhan Huien , Jiang Xinya , Li Yangqiu , Zeng Hui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Leukemia is a common hematological malignancy with overall poor prognosis. Novel therapies are needed to improve the outcome of leukemia patients. Cholesterol metabolism reprogramming is a featured alteration in leukemia. Many metabolic-related genes and metabolites are essential to the progress and drug resistance of leukemia. Exploring potential therapeutical targets related to cholesterol homeostasis is a promising area. This review summarized the functions of cholesterol and its derived intermediate metabolites, and also discussed potential agents targeting this metabolic vulnerability in leukemia.
Erythroblast island macrophages: recent discovery and future perspectives
Authors: Li Wei , Wang Yaomei , Chen Lixiang , An Xiuli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Erythroblastic island (EBI), composed of a central macrophage surrounded by developing erythroid cells, is a structure found in hematopoietic tissues such as fetal liver and bone marrow. It is the first described hematopoietic niche that predominantly supports erythropoiesis. Although it is well accepted that EBIs and EBI macrophage play important roles during erythropoiesis, the mechanisms by which they support erythropoiesis remain largely unclear due to our inability to identify and isolate EBI macrophages. Earlier efforts to identify surface markers for EBI macrophages have focused on the adhesion molecules which are involved in macrophage's interaction with erythroblasts. These include EMP, Vcam1, CD169, CD163, and αV integrin. Findings from these earlier studies suggested that combination of Vcam1, CD169, and mouse macrophage surface marker F4/80 can be used to define mouse EBI macrophage. We found that not all F4/80+Vcam1+CD169+ macrophages are EBI macrophages. Instead, we discovered that EBI macrophages are characterized by the expression of Epor in both mouse and man. RNA-seq analyses of the newly identified EBI macrophages revealed that EBI macrophages have involved specialized function in supporting erythropoiesis. Our findings provide foundation for future studies. Here we will review current knowledge of EBI macrophages and discuss future perspectives.
The Impact of Trauma Type or Number of Traumatic Events on PTSD Diagnosis and Symptom Severity in Treatment Seeking Veterans
Authors: Jakob Jeanne M.D. , Lamp Kristen , Rauch Sheila A.M. , Smith Erin R. , Buchholz Katherine R. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Trauma history and increased exposure to combat and sexual trauma may account for heightened rates of PTSD among military populations. This study assessed trauma type and exposure history, diagnostic impressions, and PTSD severity in a large clinical dataset (n = 2463) of veterans presenting for PTSD evaluation at a Midwestern VA Medical Center between the years 2006 and 2013. The degree of lifetime trauma exposure was pronounced, with approximately 76% of the sample reporting exposure to at least four traumatic events. Higher numbers of lifetime trauma and higher levels of combat exposure were associated with more severe PTSD symptoms. Sexual trauma and combat trauma were more predictive of PTSD than other trauma types. Sexual trauma was associated with more severe PTSD than combat and other trauma.
Heterogeneity and heterotypic continuity of emotional and behavioural profiles across development
Authors: Picoito João , Santos Constança , Nunes Carla 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeTo identify emotional and behavioural symptoms profiles from early childhood to adolescence, their stability across development and associated factors.MethodsOur sample included 17,216 children assessed at ages 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14 years from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. We used latent profile and latent transition analysis to study their emotional and behavioural profiles from early childhood to adolescence. We included sociodemographic, family and parenting variables to study the effect on latent profile membership and transitions.ResultsThe number and specific profiles of emotional and behavioural symptoms changed with the developmental stage. We found a higher number of profiles for ages 3, 5, and 14, suggesting greater heterogeneity in the presentation of emotional and behavioural symptoms in early childhood and adolescence compared to late childhood. There was greater heterotypic continuity between ages 3 and 5, particularly in transitions from higher to lower severity profiles. Children exposed to socioeconomic disadvantages were more likely to belong or transition to any moderate or high emotional and behavioural symptoms profiles. Maternal psychological distress and harsh parenting were associated with internalizing and externalizing profiles, respectively. Higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms across development were associated with lower mental wellbeing and higher rates of self-harm and substance use in adolescence.ConclusionEmotional and behavioural symptoms develop early in life, with levels of heterogeneity and heterotypic stability that change throughout development. These results call for interventions to prevent and treat paediatric mental illness that consider the heterogeneity and stability of symptoms across development.
Early screening of autism spectrum disorder using cry features
Authors: Khozaei Aida , Moradi Hadi , Hosseini Reshad , Pouretemad Hamidreza , Eskandari Bahareh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDue to the importance of automatic and early autism screening, in this paper, a cry-based screening approach for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is introduced. During the study, we realized that the ASD specific features are not necessarily observable among all children with ASD and among all instances of each child. Therefore, we proposed a new classification approach to be able to find such features and their corresponding instances. We tested the proposed approach and found two features that can be used to distinguish groups of children with ASD from Typically Developing (TD) children. In other words, these features are present in subsets of children with ASD not all of them. The approach has been tested on a dataset including 14 boys and 7 girls with ASD and 14 TD boys and 7 TD girls, between 18 to 53 months old. The sensitivity, specificity, and precision of the proposed approach for boys were 85.71%, 100%, and 92.85%, respectively. These measures were 71.42%, 100%, and 85.71% for girls, respectively.