bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Analysis of Distribution Systems with Wind Farms Using Multi Resolution Analysis Neural Networks
Authors: Pourahmadi-Nakhli Meisam , Seifi Ali Reza 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Since wind power generation as a major input of the power distribution system strictly relies on wind speed, stochastic wind fluctuations challenge an accurate prediction of the power generation. In this paper, an enhancement on Artificial Neural Network-based predicting model has been used to predict the major input of the system. The correlation between a smooth-dilated wavelet and wind speed samples has been calculated to decompose wind series into resolutions in which there is more regular patterns to be approximated. This predicting scheme was validated on the real wind (generation) data as well as consumption level of a real system to give a short-term prediction of the system inputs. The unbalanced three-phase load flow as a robust analysis tool determines system state variables under these predicted inputs. The results indicate the high accuracy of the method in predicting the system state variables from 3 hours to a day in advance.
Factors influencing unmet need for contraception amongst adolescent girls and women in Cambodia
Authors: Rizvi Farwa , Williams Joanne , Bowe Steven , Hoban Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundUnmet need is the gap between women’s need and their practice of using contraception. Unmet need for contraception in female adolescents and women in Cambodia is a public health concern which may lead to unintended pregnancies or abortions that can contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality.MethodsBronfenbrenner’s Social Ecological Model was used as a theoretical framework to analyze data from the 2014 Cambodian Demographic and Health Survey to ascertain demographic and social factors potentially associated with unmet need for contraception. Bivariate and weighted multiple logistic regression analyses with adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were conducted for 4,823 Cambodian, sexually active females aged 15–29 years.ResultsThe percentage of unmet need for contraception was 11.7%. At the individual level of the Social Ecological Model, there was an increased likelihood of unmet need in adolescent girls 15–19 years and women 20–24 years. Unmet need was decreased in currently employed women. At the microenvironment level, there was an increased likelihood of unmet need with the husband’s desire for more children and when the decision for a woman’s access to healthcare was made by someone else in the household. At the macroenvironment level, unmet need was decreased in women who could access a health facility near their residence to obtain medical care. There were no urban rural differences found in the Cambodian sample population.ConclusionUnmet need for contraception in Cambodian females adolescents and women is associated with younger age, unemployment and low personal autonomy for accessing healthcare but not with education or wealth status. There is a need to implement culturally appropriate reproductive and sexual health literacy programs to increase access to modern contraception and to raise women’s autonomy.
CKS2 and RMI2 are two prognostic biomarkers of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xiao Dayong , Dong Siyuan , Yang Shize , Liu Zhenghua 
Published: October 2020

Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (ACA) is the most common subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer. About 70%–80% patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage; therefore, the survival rate is poor. It is urgent to discover accurate markers that can differentiate the late stages of lung ACA from the early stages. With the development of biochips, researchers are able to efficiently screen large amounts of biological analytes for multiple purposes.

Methods
Our team downloaded GSE75037 and GSE32863 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Next, we utilized GEO’s online tool, GEO2R, to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between stage I and stage II–IV lung ACA. The using the Cytoscape software was used to analyze the DEGs and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was further constructed. The function of the DEGs were further analyzed by cBioPortal and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) online tools. We validated these results in 72 pairs human samples.

Results
We identified 109 co-DEGs, most of which were involved in either proliferation, S phase of mitotic cell cycle, regulation of exit from mitosis, DNA replication initiation, DNA replication, and chromosome segregation. Utilizing cBioPortal and University of California Santa Cruz databases, we further confirmed 35 hub genes. Two of these genes, encoding CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2) and RecQ-mediated genome instability 2 (RMI2), were upregulated in lung ACA compared with adjacent normal tissues. The Kaplan–Meier curves revealed upregulation of CKS2 and RMI2 are associated with worse survival. Using CMap analysis, we discovered 10 small molecular compounds that reversed the altered DEGs, the top five are phenoxybenzamine, adiphenine, resveratrol, and trifluoperazine. We also evaluated 72 pairs resected samples, results revealed that upregulation of CKS2 and RMI2 in lung ACA were associated with larger tumor size. Our results allow the deeper recognizing of the mechanisms of the progression of lung ACA, and may indicate potential therapeutic strategies for the therapy of lung ACA.
Hypouricemia and Mortality Risk in the US General Population
Authors: D’Silva Kristin M. , Yokose Chio , Lu Na , McCormick Natalie , Lee Hwajeong , Zhang Yuqing , Choi Hyon K. 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveThe most recent European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) recommendations for gout advise against maintaining a serum urate (SU) level of <3 mg/dl for prolonged periods of time. While several Asian cohort studies have shown higher rates of mortality in individuals with extremely low SU levels, data from non‐Asian cohort studies are scarce, and the relationship between hypouricemia, cardiovascular risk, and mortality remains unclear.MethodsUsing data collected from the 1988–1994 and 1999–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we examined the relationship between SU level and overall and cause‐specific mortality in 41,807 adults in the US. We calculated multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) that were compared to a referent SU level of 5–6 mg/dl for SU categories <4, 4–5, 6–7, 7–8, and >8 mg/dl in men and SU categories <3, 3–4, 4–5, 6–7, and >7 mg/dl in women.ResultsA higher mortality risk was not observed in women who had an SU level of <3 mg/dl (HR 1.09 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.92–1.28]). A 28% higher mortality risk was observed in men who had an SU level of <4 mg/dl (HR 1.28 [95% CI 1.13–1.45]), with a nearly three‐times higher mortality risk from diabetes mellitus also noted (HR 2.89 [95% CI 1.59–5.23]), but no increase in mortality from any other specific cause.ConclusionWe found no long‐term excess mortality risk among American women with SU levels as low as <3 mg/dl, a finding which is incompatible with the notion of a causal relationship between hypouricemia and premature mortality in women. We found excess all‐cause mortality and diabetes mellitus–related mortality among hypouricemic American men, which may in part be attributable to the uricosuric effect of hyperglycemia in fatal uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (analogous to reverse causality).
Reinforcement learning based closed‐loop reference model adaptive flight control system design
Authors: Yuksek Burak , Inalhan Gokhan 
Published: October 2020

SummaryIn this study, we present a reinforcement learning (RL)‐based flight control system design method to improve the transient response performance of a closed‐loop reference model (CRM) adaptive control system. The methodology, known as RL‐CRM, relies on the generation of a dynamic adaption strategy by implementing RL on the variable factor in the feedback path gain matrix of the reference model. An actor‐critic RL agent is designed using the performance‐driven reward functions and tracking error observations from the environment. In the training phase, a deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm is utilized to learn the time‐varying adaptation strategy of the design parameter in the reference model feedback gain matrix. The proposed control structure provides the possibility to learn numerous adaptation strategies across a wide range of flight and vehicle conditions instead of being driven by high‐fidelity simulators or flight testing and real flight operations. The performance of the proposed system was evaluated on an identified and verified mathematical model of an agile quadrotor platform. Monte‐Carlo simulations and worst case analysis were also performed over a benchmark helicopter example model. In comparison to the classical model reference adaptive control and CRM‐adaptive control system designs, the proposed RL‐CRM adaptive flight control system design improves the transient response performance on all associated metrics and provides the capability to operate over a wide range of parametric uncertainties.
The variable step‐sizeLMS/F algorithm using nonparametric method for adaptive system identification
Authors: Patnaik Ansuman , Nanda Sarita 
Published: October 2020

SummaryA fundamental challenge affecting the performance of a system is the undesired effect of noise on the system. Practically, real‐time systems are influenced by Gaussian noise and impulsive noise. Identification of these nonlinear physical systems in the presence of noise offers broader applications than linear system identification. Hence, this article introduces a variable step‐size technique to solve the conflicting requirement of rapid convergence and low mean square error (MSE) in the presence of both Gaussian and impulsive noise. Moreover, to avoid over parameterized equations existing in the variable step‐size equation, this article proposes the nonparametric variable step‐size (NPVSS), which depends on error estimates at instants of time and is used with the least mean square/fourth (LMS/F) algorithm. The computational complexity analysis, computer simulations, and implementation in real‐time setup validate that the proposed NPVSS‐LMS/F algorithm provides superior performance in terms of convergence time and MSE compared to the existing algorithms for both linear and nonlinear system identification in the presence of noise.
Chattering‐free fixed‐time sliding mode control for bilateral teleoperation under unknown time‐varying delay via disturbance and state observers
Authors: Abadi Ali Soltani Sharif , Hosseinabadi Pooyan Alinaghi , Mekhilef Saad , Ordys Andrzej 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a new chattering‐free Fixed‐time Observer‐Based Sliding Mode Control (FOBSMC) scheme for synchronization of two bilateral teleoperations under unknown time‐varying delay. The system is subjected to unknown disturbances which are estimated in a fixed time by utilizing the Disturbance Observer‐based SMC scheme. The fixed‐time State Observer‐based SMC is designed to estimate the unmeasured velocity state, while the position state is assumed to be available. Fixed‐time stability method is used to provide the system convergence time independently of initial states. A FOBSMC scheme is first designed for master system of bilateral teleoperation under unknown time‐varying delay to track the environmental torque by the human operating torque in the presence of time delay in the communication channel, as well as estimating the unknown disturbances and unmeasured states. A FOBSMC scheme is designed to synchronize slave system to master system in the presence of time delay in the communication channel, as well as estimating disturbances and states. The stability analysis is performed for closed‐loop system of combined controller‐observer by using Lyapunov theory. The efficacy of the proposed method to fulfill a good transparency and stability under time‐varying communication delays is tested by performing numerical simulation in Simulink/MATLAB.
Tuning the Transconductance of Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Paudel Pushpa R. , Kaphle Vikash , Dahal Drona , Radha Krishnan Raj Kishen , Lüssem Björn 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) operate at very low voltages, transduce ions into electronic signals, and reach extremely large transconductance values, making them ideally suited for bio‐sensing applications. However, despite their promising performance, the dependence of their maximum transconductance on device geometry and applied voltages are not correctly captured by current capacitive device models. Here, current scaling laws are revised in the light of a recently developed 2D device model that adequately accounts for drift and diffusion of ions inside the polymer channel. It is shown that the maximum transconductance of the devices is found at the transition between the depletion and accumulation region of the transistors, which as well provides an explanation for the observed shift of the transconductance peak with geometric dimensions and the drain potential. Overall, the results provide a better understanding of the working mechanisms of OECTs, and facilitate design rules to optimize OECT performance further.
Zwitterionic AIEgens: Rational Molecular Design for NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Synergistic Phototherapy
Authors: Zhu Wei , Kang Miaomiao , Wu Qian , Zhang Zhijun , Wu Yi , Li Chunbin , Li Kai , Wang Lei , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFluorescence imaging in the second near‐infrared region (NIR‐II) can penetrate tissue at centimeter depths and obtain high image fidelity. However, facile synthesis of small‐molecule fluorescent photosensitizers for efficient NIR‐II fluorescence imaging as well as photodynamic and photothermal combinatorial therapies is still a challenging task. Herein, a rational design and facile synthesis protocol are reported for a series of novel NIR‐emissive zwitterionic luminogens with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) features for cancer phototheranostics. Consistent with the intrinsic features including long emission wavelength, effective reactive oxygen species generation, and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency (35.76%), in vitro and in vivo evaluation show that one of these presented AIE luminogens provides excellent performance in NIR‐II fluorescence imaging‐guided synergistic phototherapy against cancer.
Precision 3D‐Printed Cell Scaffolds Mimicking Native Tissue Composition and Mechanics
Authors: Erben Amelie , Hörning Marcel , Hartmann Bastian , Becke Tanja , Eisler Stephan A. , Southan Alexander , Cranz Séverine , Hayden Oliver , Kneidinger Nikolaus , Königshoff Melanie , Lindner Michael , Tovar Günter E. M. , Burgstaller Gerald , Clausen‐Schaumann Hauke , Sudhop Stefanie , Heymann Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCellular dynamics are modeled by the 3D architecture and mechanics of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and vice versa. These bidirectional cell‐ECM interactions are the basis for all vital tissues, many of which have been investigated in 2D environments over the last decades. Experimental approaches to mimic in vivo cell niches in 3D with the highest biological conformity and resolution can enable new insights into these cell‐ECM interactions including proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion assays. Here, two‐photon stereolithography is adopted to print up to mm‐sized high‐precision 3D cell scaffolds at micrometer resolution with defined mechanical properties from protein‐based resins, such as bovine serum albumin or gelatin methacryloyl. By modifying the manufacturing process including two‐pass printing or post‐print crosslinking, high precision scaffolds with varying Young's moduli ranging from 7‐300 kPa are printed and quantified through atomic force microscopy. The impact of varying scaffold topographies on the dynamics of colonizing cells is observed using mouse myoblast cells and a 3D‐lung microtissue replica colonized with primary human lung fibroblast. This approach will allow for a systematic investigation of single‐cell and tissue dynamics in response to defined mechanical and bio‐molecular cues and is ultimately scalable to full organs.
Transparent Flexible Ultra‐Low Permeability Encapsulation Film: Fusible Glass Fired on Heat‐Resistant Polyimide Membrane
Authors: Zhu Longji , Babu Seenivasagaperumal Sriram , Yu Qiaoxi , Long Yubo , Zheng Zhibo , Wu Huiyan , Liu Siwei , Chi Zhenguo , Zhang Yi , Xu Jiarui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA good packing of flexible electronics is one of the most critical points to ensure its lifetime. However, efficient and straightforward packaging technology is still very challenging. In this work, a new strategy for preparing encapsulation film is reported by “enameling” a fusible glass layer on a polymer membrane. Careful consideration has been given to the materials properties and manufacturing process, and the obtained glass‐coated polymer can combine the advantageous properties of polymers and inorganic materials unconventionally. The encapsulation films show exceptional overall properties, including transparency (<5% optical deterioration), flexibility (radius of curvature: 1.5 mm), and low permeability. The film with 12 µm glass layer exhibits a water vapor transmission rate of 5.7 × 10−4 g m−2 day−1, and an oxygen transmission rate of 1.46 × 10−4 g m−2 day−1, which is 5 and 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of the polymer substrate, respectively. The fabrication process is suitable for roll‐to‐roll manufacturing, showing great advantages over the existing deposition methods like plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition and atomic layer deposition in terms of reducing manufacturing costs and simplifying the process. Therefore, it is a significant contribution to the development of flexible electronics packaging technology.
Design of a Controllable Redox‐Diffusive Threshold Switching Memristor
Authors: Sun Yiming , Song Cheng , Yin Siqi , Qiao Leilei , Wan Qin , Wang Rui , Zeng Fei , Pan Feng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith the rapid development of information technique in the big‐data era, there is an extremely urgent demand for new circuit building blocks, represented by resistive switching memristors with high speed, high‐density integration, and power‐efficiency, to overcome the limitations of electronic device scaling and thus achieve non‐von‐Neumann neuromorphic computing. Redox‐diffusive threshold switching memristors, based on the volatile formation/rupture of metallic conductive filaments, are attracting great attention for many novel applications, ranging from selectors to synaptic and neuronal devices. Here, how to design a proper redox‐diffusive threshold switching memristor is comprehensively introduced, with particular focus on the effect of the device structure and material composition on the device performance. Addressing the simple metal–insulator–metal structure, the switching properties and the underlying mechanisms are discussed along with the order of electrodes and dielectrics. Finally, how the properties determine device applications and how applications require properties is investigated. This work offers potential rules for designing redox‐diffusive threshold switching memristors with regards to structure and composition and promotes the practical implementation of memristor‐based information processing.
An Overview on Noble Metal (Group VIII)‐based Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for Nitrogen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Chen Qianqian , Zhang Xiaodong , Jin Yuwei , Zhou Xuemei , Yang Zhi , Nie Huagui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe typically the Haber‐Bosch process of nitrogen (N2) reduction to ammonia (NH3) production, expends a lot of energy, resulting in severe environmental issues. Electro‐catalytic N2 reduction to NH3 formation by renewable resources is one of the effective ways to settle the issue. However, the electro‐catalytic performances and selectivity of catalysts for electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) are very low. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop more efficient electro‐catalysts to satisfy the needs of practical use. Among the reported catalysts, those based on Group VIII noble metals heterogeneous catalysts display excellent NRR activities and high selectivity because of their good conductivity, rich active surface area, unfilled d‐orbitals, and the abilities with easy adsorption of reactants and stable reaction intermediates. Herein, we will introduce the progress of Group VIII precious metals heterogeneous catalysts applied in the electrocatalytic N2 reduction reaction. Then single precious metal electrocatalysts, precious metal alloy electrocatalysts, heterojunction structure electrocatalysts, and precious metal compounds based on the strategies of morphology engineering, crystal facet engineering, defect engineering, heteroatom doping, and synergetic interface engineering will be discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of the NH3 synthesis have been put forward. In the review, we will provide helpful direction to the development of effective electro‐catalysts for catalytic N2 reduction reaction.
CuCl2‐Mediated Oxidative Intramolecular α‐Arylation of Ketones with Phenolic Nucleophiles via Oxy‐Allyl Cation Intermediates
Authors: Mochimatsu Takuto , Aota Yusuke , Kano Taichi , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: October 2020

Abstractα‐Functionalization of ketones in an umpolung fashion can be achieved by nucleophilic addition to the oxy‐allyl cation intermediate. However, applicable carbon nucleophiles are limited to ones with high nucleophilicity. Additionally, introduction of a leaving group to the α‐position of ketone substrates is required beforehand. Herein, we report the CuCl2‐mediated oxidative intramolecular α‐arylation of ketones with less nucleophilic phenolic moieties as carbon nucleophiles via α‐chlorination of ketones and the subsequent generation of the oxy‐allyl cation intermediates, giving ketones with a quaternary carbon center at the α‐position.
Aggregation‐induced Emission Based Fluorogens for Mitochondria‐targeted Tumor Imaging and Theranostics
Authors: Yu Kaiwu , Pan Jiayue , Husamelden Elkawad , Zhang Hong , He Qinggang , Wei Yen , Tian Mei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOccurrence and development of cancer are multifactorial and multistep processes which involve complicated cellular signaling pathways. Mitochondria, as the energy producer in cells, play key roles in tumor cell growth and division. Since mitochondria of tumor cells have a more negative membrane potential than those of normal cells, several fluorescent imaging probes have been developed for mitochondria‐targeted imaging and photodynamic therapy. Conventional fluorescent dyes suffer from aggregation‐caused quenching effect, while novel aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) probes are ideal candidates for biomedical applications due to their large stokes shift, strong photo‐bleaching resistance, and high quantum yield. This review aims to introduce the recent advances in the design and application of mitochondria‐targeted AIE probes. The comprehensive review focuses on the structure‐property relationship of these imaging probes, expecting to inspire the development of more practical and versatile AIE fluorogens (AIEgens) as tumor imaging and therapy agents for preclinical and clinical use.
Synthesis of Sulfonylated Heterocycles via Copper‐Catalyzed Heteroaromatization/Sulfonyl Transfer of Propargylic Alcohols
Authors: Chen Xinyi , Shatskiy Andrey , Liu Jian‐Quan , D. Kärkäs Markus , Wang Xiang‐Shan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn unprecedented copper‐catalyzed heteroaromatization/sulfonyl transfer of propargylic alcohols with isocyanide has been developed. 3‐Sulfonyl benzofurans and indoles were produced under Cu(I) catalysis in good to high yields. The developed catalytic methodology provides controlled, modular, and facile access to sulfonyl benzoheterocycle scaffolds.