bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corpus e gêneros textuais como ferramentas no ensino de tradução no par de línguas espanhol/português para fins profissionais
Authors: Lugli Viviane Cristina Poletto 
Published: April 2020

tradução no par de línguas espanhol/português. Consideramos que, no atual contexto de internacionalização do Brasil, no qual empresas de diferentes setores exportam para os países do Mercosul e a livre circulação permite aos cidadãos se deslocarem de um país ao outro por oportunidades de emprego ou residência, abrem-se diferentes possibilidades de trabalho com a tradução. No entanto, no cenário latino-americano de formação dos alunos de Secretariado, em que as línguas espanhola e portuguesa atuam como veículos que favorecem a integração entre os países mercosulinos, ainda carecemos de dicionários especializados, os quais auxiliem na prática de tradução. Desse modo, concebemos os gêneros textuais como práticas sociais indispensáveis para o ensino/aprendizagem de tradução em espanhol, assim como o corpus disponibilizado pelo CREA e o Corpus del Español del Siglo XXI, que permitem, ao estudante de tradução, a apropriação de conhecimentos relevantes envolvidos com o processo tradutório. Trata-se de uma pesquisa diagnóstica e bibliográfica que aponta o corpus como ferramenta potencializadora na tomada de decisões durante o processo tradutório.
Outpatient Doxycycline Therapy: Frequency of Its Use and Its Prescribing Patterns in a Public Hospital
Authors: Ahmed Nehad J. 
Published: April 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the outpatient doxycycline therapy: Frequency of its use and its prescribing patterns in a public hospital.
Methodology: This was a retrospective study which was conducted in a public hospital in Alkharj City in 2018. The outpatient prescriptions were reviewed to evaluate the prescription patterns of Doxycycline.
Results: The study results found that about 48.38% of the patients were female and about 62.90% were from Saudi Arabia. Doxycycline was prescribed mainly by resident physicians. Doxycycline was prescribed mainly in the emergency department followed by obstetrics & gynecology department.
Conclusion: Doxycycline was prescribed infrequently in the outpatient settings; it is reserved only for specific conditions. It is important to use antibiotics wisely by the patients and to prescribe and dispense antibiotics including doxycycline appropriately by health care professionals.
Impact of different treatment techniques for pediatric Ewing sarcoma of the chest wall: IMRT, 3DCPT, and IMPT with/without beam aperture
Authors: Su Zhong , Indelicato Daniel J. , Mailhot Raymond B. , Bradley Julie A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the dosimetric differences between photon intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans, 3D conformal proton therapy (3DCPT), and intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans and to investigate the dosimetric impact of different beam spot size and beam apertures in IMPT for pediatric Ewing sarcoma of the chest wall.Methods and MaterialsSix proton pediatric patients with Ewing sarcoma in the upper, middle, and lower thoracic spine regions as well as upper lumbar spine region were treated with 3DCPT and retrospectively planned with photon IMRT and IMPT nozzles of different beam spot sizes with/without beam apertures. The plan dose distributions were compared both on target conformity and homogeneity, and on organs‐at‐risk (OARs) sparing using QUANTEC metrics of the lung, heart, liver, and kidney. The total integral doses of healthy tissue of all plans were also evaluated.ResultsTarget conformity and homogeneity indices are generally better for the IMPT plans with beam aperture. Doses to the lung, heart, and liver for all patients are substantially lower with the 3DPT and IMPT plans than those of IMRT plans. In the IMPT plans with large spot without beam aperture, some OAR doses are higher than those of 3DCPT plans. The integral dose of each photon IMRT plan ranged from 2 to 4.3 times of proton plans.ConclusionCompared to IMRT, proton therapy delivers significant lower dose to almost all OARs and much lower healthy tissue integral dose. Compared to 3DCPT, IMPT with small beam spot size or using beam aperture has better dose conformity to the target.
Disease Activity and Anticitrullinated Peptide Antibody Positivity Predict the Worsening of Ventricular Function in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Cioffi Giovanni , Giollo Alessandro , Orsolini Giovanni , Idolazzi Luca , Dalbeni Andrea , Ognibeni Federica , Fracassi Elena , Gatti Davide , Fassio Angelo , Rossini Maurizio , Viapiana Ombretta 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThis prospective study was designed to analyze the incidence and the factors associated with impairment in left ventricular systolic function (LVSF) overtime in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) without overt cardiac disease. In particular, we verified the hypothesis that a relationship between worsening of LVSF and markers of RA disease activity exists.MethodsOne hundred forty outpatients with RA without overt heart disease underwent clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic evaluation at baseline and after 35 (interquartile range [IQR] 23‐47) months of follow‐up. A clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) score greater than 10 indicated the presence of moderate‐high RA disease activity; data on anticitrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) positivity were recorded at baseline. Stress‐corrected midwall fractional shortening (sc‐MFS) was used as a measure of LVSF and was considered impaired if less than 86.5%.ResultsAt 36 (IQR 23‐47) months follow‐up, impaired sc‐MFS was detected in 60 of 140 (43%) patients, compared with 80 patients with normal sc‐MFS. Disease duration and activity, ACPA positivity, inflammatory markers, cardiovascular and antirheumatic therapies, and sc‐MFS were similar between the two groups at baseline. A multiple logistic regression analysis showed ACPA positivity, moderate‐high disease activity (CDAI greater than 10), and disease duration as independent predictors of impaired sc‐MFS at follow‐up. Finally, a simple clinical score to predict worsening of LVSF at midterm was built (area under the curve of 0.80, with a sensibility and specificity of 78% and 82%, respectively).ConclusionDisease duration, ACPA positivity, and moderate‐high disease activity are independent prognosticators of LVSF impairment in RA. Adverse changes in heart function could be prevented by good control of inflammation and modulation of autoimmunity.
Multifunctional Spun Yarns and Textiles from Nickel‐Titanium Microfilaments
Authors: Weinberg Charles A. , Cai Song , Schaffer Jeremy , Abel Julianna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractImprovements in multifunctional materials have led researchers to reinvigorate traditional textile structures by integrating emerging material technologies to offer novel solutions to diverse industries. However, there exist few multifunctional materials capable of being produced with micrometer diameters that can be spun into yarns for textile manufacturing, limiting the wearability and tunability of multifunctional textiles. Here, the creation of nickel‐titanium (NiTi) smart material‐based yarns is enabled by the availability of small diameter (≤10 µm) NiTi filaments that can survive the yarn spinning manufacturing process. NiTi microfilament yarns exhibit traditional superelastic and shape memory properties, and afford additional improvements to mechanical performance such as a tunable structural stiffness, plateau strength, and actuation contractions through the introduction of controllable geometric parameters—yarn count, surface twist angle, and manufacturing strains. This work concludes in a densely knitted, closed‐form textile with shape memory actuation and superelastic recovery. NiTi microfilament yarns and textiles have promising impacts in actuating and energy‐absorbing technologies for medical, robotics, aerospace, and defense applications.
Intrinsic Issues in the Assembly of 1,2‐Linked Oligosaccharides
Authors: Kashiwagi Gustavo A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis review aims to highlight common issues involved in the assembly of 1,2‐linked oligosaccharides. There is extensive literature on the subject, but most of the publications only address general oligosaccharides. Construction of 1,2‐glycosidic linkage has an additional and intrinsic complexity due to its glycosylated O‐2 position. Elongation of the fragment from reducing end curtails the possibility of using O‐2 participating groups in the donor. The 2‐O‐glycosylated donors used in this context or in a convergent approach lead to the principal stereocontrol loss when 1,2‐trans gluco type or manno type linkage are targets. Only non‐reducing end elongation strategy can ensure 1,2‐trans linkage, but following a more expensive and cumbersome route. Archetypical cases where the convergent approach drove to a stereocontrol loss are presented. The perspective of this analysis attempts to complement Paulsen, Boons and Demchenko's masterworks about strategies in oligosaccharides synthesis.
Effect of granite powder on properties of concrete
Authors: Zhang Kunqiang , Liu Fusheng , Yue Qiang , Feng Jianguo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStudies were conducted using varying proportions of granite powder in canal lining concrete to determine the effect on compression resistance, impermeability and freeze–thaw cycling. The concrete microstructure was assessed using mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and other methods. The data indicate the appearance of pore throats and demonstrate that a granite content of 10%–20% reduces the concrete strength, frost resistance, and impermeability based on changes at the microscopic level. An equation describing the relationship between the granite powder content and pore structure parameters (porosity, 20‐ to 200‐nm pore volume, and fractal dimension) was established.
Dynamic mechanisms of summer Korean heat waves simulated in a long‐term unforced Community Climate System Model version 3
Authors: Kim Han‐Kyoung , Moon Byung‐Kwon , Kim Maeng‐Ki , Kwon Minho 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe investigate the natural variability of summer Korean heat waves through a long‐term (500 year) unforced simulation using the Community Climate System Model version 3. A total of 82 extreme heat wave frequency (HWF) years are identified with positive barotropic geopotential height (GPH) anomalies over the Korean Peninsula. These anomalies represent the most important atmospheric pattern that causes Korean heat waves via adiabatic warming by anomalous subsidence. From a composite analysis of the extreme Korean HWF years, the silk road pattern (SRP) and central Pacific (CP) sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are selected as the driving factors of extreme Korean heat waves. The positive SRP is a west–east upper‐level Rossby wave train from the North Atlantic to East Asia under which positive barotropic GPH anomalies develop over the Korean Peninsula, thereby producing extreme heat waves. Cold CP SST anomalies induce cyclonic circulation and enhance convection over the subtropical western North Pacific through wind–evaporation–SST feedback, thereby acting as a source of the Pacific–Japan teleconnection pattern. They also cause positive barotropic GPH anomalies over the Korean Peninsula and intensify surface warming.
Entwicklung einer multifunktionalen Innenwanddämmung unter Verwendung hochdämmender, dünner, innovativer Glasfaser‐VIP
Authors: Kaufmann Peter , Mai Franziska , Baars Sebastian , Groß Martin , Frenzel Christoph 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGesamtziel des Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsvorhabens war die Verfahrens‐ und Produktentwicklung hochdämmender, kostengünstiger Bauelemente geringer Dicke mit Glasfaserstützkern sowie die Entwicklung und Erprobung konstruktiver und technologischer Lösungen für diverse Applikationen mit höchsten Anforderungen an die Wärmedämmung und Energieeffizienz.Die Motivation für die durchgeführte Entwicklung ergab sich aus dem dringenden Bedarf an dünnen, kosteneffektiven, hochisolierenden Materialien in verschiedenen Anwendungsbereichen zur Erhöhung der Energieeffizienz durch Minimierung von Energieverlusten. Die steigenden Isolationsanforderungen (u. a. gegeben durch EnEV 2014/2016, Pariser Klimaabkommen) können mit herkömmlichen Dämmmaterialien wie Mineralwolle, Polyurethanschaum oder extrudierter Polystyrolschaum aufgrund ihrer vergleichsweisen hohen Wärmeleitfähigkeiten (20–40 mW/mK) nicht erfüllt werden. Um hochisolierende Anforderungen zu erreichen, müssen hochdämmende Materialien mit extrem niedrigen Wärmeleitfähigkeiten verwendet werden, wie zum Beispiel Vakuum‐Isolations‐Paneele (VIP).Ziel des Projektes war die Werkstoff‐ und Verfahrensentwicklung eines hochdämmenden (ca. 2,5 mW/mK), langlebigen (ca. 30 Jahre), temperaturbeständigen (ca. 300 °C), verletzungsbeständigeren Glasfaser‐VIP sowie die Entwicklung innovativer Applikationen im Bereich Bauwesen (Innenwanddämmung), Behälterbau sowie Containerbau mit höchsten Anforderungen an die Wärmedämmung.
CO‐Assisted Direct Methane Conversion into C1and C2Oxygenates over ZSM‐5 Supported Transition and Platinum Group Metal Catalysts Using Oxygen as an Oxidant
Authors: Moteki Takahiko , Tominaga Naoto , Ogura Masaru 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConversion of methane towards chemical feedstocks such as oxygenates and hydrocarbons has been studied along with the development of natural gas technology. In this study, CO‐assisted direct conversion of methane into C1and C2oxygenates was demonstrated over ZSM‐5 supported transition and platinum group metal catalysts. Besides previously investigated Rh, other platinum group metals (e. g., Ru and Ir) were found to be a potential element as the catalyst. Presence of CO was critical for the reaction, which would work as a ligand, a reductant, and a reactant. On the other hand, the competing undesired CO oxidation toward CO2was found to be the major issue. Partial oxidation toward methanol or formic acid (C1oxygenates formation) was parallel to oxidative carbonylation to acetic acid (C2oxygenate formation).
Photocatalytic Synthesis of Polycyclic Indolones
Authors: Saget Tanguy , König Burkhard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, a photocatalytic strategy for a rapid and modular access to polycyclic indolones starting from readily available indoles is reported. This strategy relies on the use of redox‐active esters in combination with an iridium‐based photocatalyst under visible‐light irradiation. The generation of alkyl radicals through decarboxylative single electron reductions enables intramolecular homolytic aromatic substitutions with a pending indole moiety to afford pyrrolo‐ and pyridoindolone derivatives under mild conditions. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that these radicals could also be engaged into cascades consisting of an intermolecular Giese‐type addition followed by an intramolecular homolytic aromatic substitution to rapidly assemble valuable azepinoindolones.
Effects of short‐term mindfulness‐based training on executive function: Divergent but promising
Authors: Zhou Honggui , Liu Hong , Deng Yunlong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMindfulness‐based training (MBT) has repeatedly been proven effective in improving mental health, as well as in eliciting advantages in executive functions (EFs), as demonstrated by objective measures. However, few studies have discussed the role MBT plays in increasing EFs over short periods of time. This current review, to our knowledge, is the first study to investigate the effect of short‐term MBT on EFs. In this case, 14 studies were eventually included after literature screening using PubMed, MEDLINE, Elsevier, Embase, EBSCO and references from retrieved articles. We found that the relationship between short‐term MBT and three main components of EFs were found controversial. Some reported that individuals' inhibition, working memory and attention shifting were significantly improved by short‐term MBT, whereas others reported no such strong connections between MBT and EFs. These controversial findings result from the use of varied assessment instruments, cognitive tasks and experimental materials. Nonetheless, the findings from this review suggest short‐term MBT could be of great value in improving mental health, which might especially enable the enhancement of individuals' inhibition and updating subfunctions of EFs. These practical evidences could have a strong impact on clinical psychology. However, the lack of consistency across the studies in this review indicated that more standardized and profound studies exploring the effects of short‐term MBT on EFs are needed in the future.
Insulin resistance is associated with preclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Pané Adriana , Conget Ignacio , Boswell Laura , Ruiz Sabina , Viñals Clara , Perea Verónica , Giménez Marga , Cofán Montserrat , Blanco Jesús , Vinagre Irene , Esmatjes Enric , Ortega Emilio , Amor Antonio J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimAlthough insulin resistance (IR) is a growing trait among type 1 diabetes (T1D) population, its relationship with atherosclerosis has been scarcely studied. We assessed the association between IR indexes and carotid atherosclerosis in T1D, a population at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.Materials and MethodsWe evaluated 191 participants with T1D and no prior CVD with at least one of the following criteria: ≥40 years old; diabetic nephropathy; or T1D duration ≥10 years harbouring ≥1 additional CVD risk factor. IR was assessed with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) harmonized definition proposed in 2009 and the estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), a T1D‐specific IR surrogate marker (lower values indicating higher IR). Standardized carotid ultrasonography was performed, recording intima‐media thickness (IMT), plaque presence and maximum height of plaque. Comparisons between patients according to their MetS status as well as concerning eGDR values were performed.ResultsThe participants' median age was 47.4 (41.1‐53.3) years and diabetes duration 25.7 (21.6‐32.5) years. Plaque prevalence was higher in patients with greater IR (49.1%, 29.1% and 20%, P = .001, for any plaque according to decreasing eGDR tertiles). Conversely, no statistically significant higher plaque prevalence was found in participants with MetS. In multivariate analyses (adjusted for general‐ and T1D‐specific risk factors, and statin treatment), MetS was associated with neither IMT nor plaque. On the contrary, eGDR was independently related to ≥2 plaques (P = .018) and maximum plaque height (P < .01).ConclusionsIn T1D, IR assessed through eGDR but not by MetS definition was independently associated with plaque burden, a predictor of CVD.
A high‐throughput and broad‐spectrum screening method for analysing over 120 drugs in horse urine using liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Wong Jenny K.Y. , Chan George H.M. , Choi Timmy L.S. , Kwok Karen Y. , Lau Ming Y. , Leung Gary N.W. , Wan Terence S.M. , Ho Emmie N.M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA high‐throughput method has been developed for the doping control analysis of 124 drug targets, processing up to 154 horse urine samples in as short as 4.5 h, from the time the samples arrive at the laboratory to the reporting deadline of 30 min before the first race, including sample receipt and registration, preparation and instrument analysis and data vetting time. Sample preparation involves a brief enzyme hydrolysis step (30 min) to detect both free and glucuronide‐conjugated drug targets. This is followed by extraction using solid‐supported liquid extraction (SLE) and analysis using liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS). The entire set‐up comprised of four sets of Biotage Extrahera automation systems for conducting SLE and five to six sets of Orbitrap for instrumental screening using LC–HRMS. Suspicious samples flagged were subject to confirmatory analyses using liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The method comprises 124 drug targets from a spectrum of 41 drug classes covering acidic, basic and neutral drugs. More than 85% of the targets had limits of detection at or below 5 ng/mL in horse urine, with the lowest at 0.02 ng/mL. The method was validated for qualitative identification, including specificity, sensitivity, extraction recovery and precision. Method applicability was demonstrated by the successful detection of different drugs, namely (a) butorphanol, (b) dexamethasone, (c) diclofenac, (d) flunixin and (e) phenylbutazone, in post‐race or out‐of‐competition urine samples collected from racehorses. This method was developed for pre‐race urine testing in Hong Kong; however, it is also suitable for testing post‐race or out‐of‐competition urine samples, especially when a quick total analysis time is desired.
Divergent density feedback control of migratory predator recovery following sex‐biased perturbations
Authors: Goto Daisuke , Hamel Martin J. , Pegg Mark A. , Hammen Jeremy J. , Rugg Matthew L. , Forbes Valery E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUncertainty in risks posed by emerging stressors such as synthetic hormones impedes conservation efforts for threatened vertebrate populations. Synthetic hormones often induce sex‐biased perturbations in exposed animals by disrupting gonad development and early life‐history stage transitions, potentially diminishing per capita reproductive output of depleted populations and, in turn, being manifest as Allee effects. We use a spatially explicit biophysical model to evaluate how sex‐biased perturbation in life‐history traits of individuals (maternal investment in egg production and male‐skewed sex allocation in offspring) modulates density feedback control of year‐class strength and recovery trajectories of a long‐lived, migratory fish—shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus)—under spatially and temporally dynamic synthetic androgen exposure and habitat conditions. Simulations show that reduced efficiency of maternal investment in gonad development prolonged maturation time, increased the probability of skipped spawning, and, in turn, shrunk spawner abundance, weakening year‐class strength. However, positive density feedback disappeared (no Allee effect) once the exposure ceased. By contrast, responses to the demographic perturbation manifested as strong positive density feedback; an abrupt shift in year‐class strength and spawner abundance followed after more than two decades owing to persistent negative population growth (a strong Allee effect), reaching an alternative state without any sign of recovery. When combined with the energetic perturbation, positive density feedback of the demographic perturbation was dampened as extended maturation time reduced the frequency of producing male‐biased offspring, allowing the population to maintain positive growth rate (a weak Allee effect) and gradually recover. The emergent patterns in long‐term population projections illustrate that sex‐biased perturbation in life‐history traits can interactively regulate the strength of density feedback in depleted populations such as Scaphirhynchus sturgeon to further diminish reproductive capacity and abundance, posing increasingly greater conservation challenges in chemically altered riverscapes.