bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open Globe Injury related to Road Traffic Accident: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Upaphong Phit , Supreeyathitikul Pongsant , Choovuthayakorn Janejit 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate epidemiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who sustained road traffic-related open globe injury (OGI)MethodsMedical records of all road traffic-related OGI patients who were admitted to the hospital from January 2006 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Data including age, gender, vehicle type, initial ocular presentation, and final visual outcome were extracted.ResultsAmong the overall causes of OGI, road traffic-related accidents comprised 92/978 (9%) of cases. Of these, ten (11%) patients acquired bilateral eye injuries and 72 (78%) were male. Nearly half of the injuries (51%) occurred in the 20-39 years old age group and the majority of cases (59%) involved automobile transportation. Globe rupture, 48 (47%) eyes, occurred in a similar proportion of penetration, 46 (45%) eyes. Following treatments, LogMAR visual acuity (VA) significantly improved from a median (interquartile range) of 2.3 (1.9 - 2.3) to 1.7 (0.3 - 3.0), at the final follow-up appointment. Presence of relative afferent pupillary defect and presence of retinal detachment were predictors for poor final visual outcomes.ConclusionsThis study provides information regarding road traffic-related OGI that had a high prevalence in young. The risky transportation mode were motorcycles in teenager and automobiles in young adult. A considerable proportion of impaired final VA might have a significant impact on the socio-economic system. Establishing effective safety education and encouraging regular adherence to road safety behaviors are challenging issues that need more action.
Saudi Women’s Health Beliefs about Cardiovascular Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alshaikh Mashael K , Baldove Juren P. , Rawaf Salman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a major worldwide public health issue, is of significant concern as several studies confirm the high prevalence of CVD risk in Saudi women. However, limited has focused on how these risks are affected by health beliefs and socioeconomic variables. The Health Belief Model was used to compare Saudi women’s perceived health beliefs with their calculated Framingham Risk Score (FRS) to determine their risk for a future CVD event and the influence of socio-economic variables on the prevalence of CVD risk.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on women attending the primary care clinics in a university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A non-random convenience sample was selected of adult women without pre-existing CVD. Health belief and sociodemographic data were collected, and FRS calculated.Results A total of 503 Saudi females participated, the majority of whom significantly underestimated their actual risk of CVD as measured by their individual FRS. 43.4% had a high CVD risk but a low perception of susceptibility. 63.5% understood the severity of CVD, while 75.2% had a low to moderate perception of the benefits of healthy behaviours. 86.7% did not know how to perform CVD risk-reducing exercises, and 65.9 % stated that they did not have access to exercise facilities. Pearson correlations suggest a weak linear relationship between the FRS and the subscales of each health belief. However, there was a significant relationship between the Framingham scores across income, marital status, education and occupational status categories (p<= 0.001) in Chi-Square tests. Significant differences were found when comparing perceived benefits of healthy behaviours with marital status; perceived severity and benefits with the level of education; perceived severity and benefits with occupation; and perceived severity and benefits with financial income. Conclusions This study is the first in Saudi Arabia to examine the correlation between health beliefs, calculated CVD risk, and socioeconomic variables among Saudi women. Education and income were vital elements affecting their CVD risk and health beliefs, and these have implications for public health policy-making.
Enhanced methods for needle biopsy and cryopreservation of skeletal muscle in older adults
Authors: Lee Cathy C. , Hoang Austin , Segovia David , Herbst Allen , Barthelemy Florian , Gibbs Elizabeth , Crosbie Rachelle , Nelson Stanley F. , Miceli M. Carrie , Wanagat Jonathan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Human muscle biopsies are increasingly important for diagnosis, research, and to monitor therapeutic trials. We examined the use of a self-contained, vacuum-assisted biopsy system and a novel muscle freezing technique to improve, simplify, and standardize human muscle biopsy collection and cryopreservation in older adults. Methods The Vacora vacuum-assisted biopsy system was deployed in muscle biopsies of 12 individuals ranging in age from 57 to 80 years. This office-based approach was well tolerated as it is minimally invasive, uses only local anesthetic, and has a quick recovery. To maximize biopsy sample quality and reproducibility, we developed a novel muscle sample freezing protocol. Fresh human and mouse muscle biopsy samples were placed into readily available tissue cassettes followed by direct freezing in liquid nitrogen. After this modified snap freezing protocol, frozen muscle samples were enrobed in OCT for cryosectioning. We examined the effect of this freezing approach in histological sections of rodent and human muscle samples. ResultsThe Vacora Biopsy System provided as many as four skeletal muscle core samples from a single biopsy site. Biopsy samples from 12 older adults weighed an average of 147.5 ± 11 mg each and had a consistent size and shape. There were no complications, and the residual scar is less than 1cm. The freezing method using standard tissue cassettes with direct freezing in liquid nitrogen yielded high quality cryopreserved muscle tissue suitable for histological analysis without the need for isopentane and with little to no freeze-thaw damage. Conclusions These enhancements have streamlined and improved the consistency of our muscle biopsy protocol and provide sufficient high-quality sample for multi-dimensional downstream studies of human muscle in aging and disease.
Pregnancy outcomes, early separation and psychiatric relapse experienced by South African women with peripartum psychosis: A descriptive exploration
Authors: Voges Juané , Berg Astrid , Niehaus Dana JH 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The peripartum period is associated with increased incidence of severe mental illness (SMI), with a greater occurrence of psychotic symptoms and psychiatric admissions. There has been little research on South African mothers with peripartum psychosis to examine what factors contribute to their experiences of pregnancy and the postpartum period. This study aimed to explore the relevant socio-demographic factors and pregnancy outcomes in order to determine focus areas for intervention. Methods: Using a prospective, descriptive design, we conducted a detailed interview and supplementary information was collected by review of clinical records. The study examined the accounts of thirty-two mothers who experienced peripartum psychosis between 6 and 18 months postpartum. Areas of focus included participants’ current circumstances, their pregnancy, birth and postpartum experiences. Results: The majority of mothers were diagnosed with bipolar disorder and all but one have had one psychiatric admission. Pregnancies were predominantly unplanned (87.5%) and half of participants reported substance use during pregnancy. Medical or psychiatric problems during pregnancy occurred in 68.8% of pregnancy and 71.9% of mothers reported complications with delivery. Common psychosocial stressors included trauma, lack of partner support and financial hardship. Early separation occurred in 56.3% of dyads, mostly due to psychiatric admission. Conclusion: Our study describes psychiatric, medical and psycho-social risk factors affecting mothers who experienced peripartum psychosis. We discuss the implications of the findings for a developing country where there exists a lack of integrated maternal and infant mental health services. The results highlight the need for close obstetric and psychiatric follow-up for women with serious mental illness, with particular attention to screening for substance use and psychosocial stressors.
Subgroup Identification for Time-to-event Data Based on AFT Model
Authors: An Sheng-li , Kang Pei , Liu Ying-xin , Huang Fu-qiang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Considering the problem of identifying subgroup in a randomized clinical trial with respect to survival time, we present an analysis strategy to find subgroup of enhanced treatment effect. We fit univariate accelerated failure time (AFT) models with covariate-treatment interactions to identify predictive covariates. The false discovery rate is controlled by Benjamini-Hochberg procedure. Then a composite score conversion is employed to transform the set of identified covariates for each patient into a univariate score. To classify patient subgroups, a change-point algorithm is applied to searching for the threshold cutoff instead of using the median. Moreover, we adopted a biomarker adaptive design to check whether the treatment effect exists within certain subgroup. The simulation results show that the change-point method is remarkably superior to the median cutoff particularly when the subgroup sizes vary considerably. Furthermore, the 2-stage adaptive design has good power properties in detecting treatment effect while the type I error is generally controlled. As an illustration, we apply the proposed methods to an AIDS study. In conclusion, when the sample size is sufficient and the censoring rate is mild, the AFT model combined with change-point algorithm performs well in identifying subgroup.
Keywords: accelerated failure time model; adaptive design; change-point algorithm; false discovery rate; precision medicine; subgroup identification
Dermatoses Of Pregnancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study In Spain
Authors: Ferreira M. Gomes , Diaz D. Bancalari , Velázquez Á. De Dios , Cañueto J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Dermatoses of pregnancy (DP) is a heterogeneous group of pruritic inflammatory dermatoses that occur exclusively during pregnancy and/or puerperium. The objective of this study was to assess the specific DP and non-specific dermatoses in a Mediterranean population living in Spain. Methods: This five-year retrospective study included 79 pregnant women with dermatologic disease from a total of 10533 pregnancies. Obstetric and clinical variables were assessed. Physiological skin changes of pregnancy were excluded. Those dermatoses that may also be observed beyond pregnancy and puerperium were also excluded. Results: The mean age was 32 years. The most common DP were: Polymorphic eruption of pregnancy (PEP) – 36%, Atopic eruption of pregnancy (AEP) – 26%, Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) – 8% and Pemphigoid gestationis (PG) – 6%. The other 24% presented non-specific dermatoses. Only in one case of PG the newborn showed comorbidity. Discussion: Multiple gestations were observed in 10,3% of PEP, in association with a rapid abdominal distention. In AEP, there was a predominance of nulliparous women in the second trimester of pregnancy, an atopic dermatitis background and female newborns. In PG, there was a majority of nulliparous in the second and third trimesters. PG was the only dermatoses associated to comorbidity of the newborn. In ICP, all patients had pruritus in the palms along with excoriations, with predominance of nulliparous and multiple gestations.
Functional role of increased acetylated tubulin in porcine oocyte microtubule structure, meiotic maturation and embryogenesis
Authors: Sun Junming , Cui Kuiqing , Li Zhipeng , Gao Bangjun , Jiang Jianrong , Liu Qingyou , Huang Ben , Shi Denshun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Acetylated microtubule improves porcine oocyte microtubule structure, meiotic maturation and subsequent embryonic development. HDAC6 can specifically deacetylate α-tubulin in assembled microtubules, increased acetylated microtubule treatment with tubacin, a HDAC6-selective inhibitor, is beneficial for porcine oocytes maturation and early embryogenesis. Here it is shown that α-tubulin acetylation gradually decreased from MI to IVF pronuclear stage. The increased acetylation of α-tubulin significantly reduced the abnormal rate of microtubules, furthermore, the proportion of mitochondria in the vicinity of IVF nucleus was significantly enhanced in MI and MII stages. The expression levels of microtubule assembly genes ( TUBA1A , α TAT1 and MAP2 ) significantly up-regulated in MI and MII stages. In addition, the oocytes with high acetylation level of α-tubulin significantly improved maturation, syngamy and IVF blastocyst formation compared with the control oocytes. In present study, these indicate functional role of increased acetylated α-tubulin advances normal spindle formation and mitochondrial concentration, moreover, improves porcine maturation, syngamy and preimplantation embryo development.
Entomological surveillance with community engagement at Chagas Platform Centers for comprehensive care in the mesothermal valleys of three regions of the endemic area of Triatoma infestans in Bolivia
Authors: Cortez Mirko Rojas , Pinazo Maria-Jesus , Pinto Jimy , Anzoleaga Helmut Magne , Caballero Yurly Escobar , Urioste Gloria Sandy , Sanchez Jareth , Castellon Mario , Garcia Wilson , Daza Lourdes Ortiz , Mur Isabel Gonzales , Lozano Daniel , Gascon Joaquim , Torrico Faustino 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The detection of residual foci inside the houses, or the reinfestation of triatomines is one of the main entomological surveillance challenges. Actions aimed at increasing the probability of vector detection and to detect re-infestation when the density of vector populations is low, is a priority objective for Chagas control programs. MethodsFamilies belonging to local communities were responsible of triatomine specimens capture, following a strategic methodology based on entomological surveillance with community participation developed by the National Chagas Programme of the Ministry of Health of Bolivia. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the entomological surveillance strategy with community engagement implemented in Chagas Platform Centers for comprehensive care (CPs). The degree of intradomicillary residual vector infestation, the main seasonal period of triatomines capture, and natural infection by trypanosomatids rates were evaluated. Results In rural and peri-urban Punata, in the Department of Cochabamba, the houses infestation rate by triatomines exceeds the national average and is above the recommendations of PAHO / WHO. The observations during the seasons of the year showed that Spring season (September to December) was the period where there was a higher average of T. infestans positive houses detected by the families participating in the study in the three departments of Bolivia. The presence of infected triatomines with Trypanosomatideos in positive houses was 6% in the study area, still finding active domestic cycles in rural and peri-urban areas and not in urban areas where triatomines with parasites were not reported during the seven years of monitoring. Conclusions Reporting infestation foci by the inhabitants is the simplest and most direct way of participation of the community in entomological surveillance. These strategies should be included in the health policies of the countries, as well as extending and deepening the dialogue between technicians, communities and their local authorities.
Health care provided to asylum-seeking and non-asylum-seeking paediatric patients at a Swiss tertiary hospital
Authors: Brandenberger Julia Regina , Pohl Christian , Vogt Florian , Tylleskär Thorkild , Ritz Nicole 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background & Methods To compare health care provided to asylum-seeking and non-asylum-seeking children, we performed a cross-sectional study in a paediatric tertiary care hospital in Switzerland. Patients were identified using administrative and medical electronic health records from January 2016 - December 2017. Results A total of 202’316 visits by 55’789 patients were included, of which asylum-seeking patients accounted for 1674 (1%) visits by 439 (1%) patients. The emergency department had the highest number of visits in both groups with a lower proportion in asylum-seeking compared to non-asylum-seeking children: 19% (317/1674) and 32% (64’315/200’642) respectively. Hospital admissions were more common in asylum-seeking patients 11% (184/1674) and 7% (14’692/200’642). Frequent visits accounted for 48% (807/1674) of total visits in asylum-seeking and 25% (49’886/200’642) of total visits in non-asylum-seeking patients. Conclusions Hospital visits by asylum-seeking children represented a small proportion of all visits. The emergency department had the highest number of visits in all patients and was less frequently used in asylum-seeking children. Higher admission rates and a larger proportion of visits from frequently visiting patients suggest that asylum-seeking patients may present with more complex diseases.
Prognostic value of preoperative inflammatory markers in patients with different molecular subgroups of WHO grade II and III diffuse gliomas
Authors: Qi Zengxin , Cai Jiajun , Meng Xiangda , Cai Shengyong , Tang Chao , Lang Liqin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To determine the prognostic implications of these immune indices in WHO Grade II & III gliomas and different molecular subgroups. Methods: Clinical data from 214 newly diagnosed WHO grade II and III diffuse glioma patients were studied retrospectively. Cut-off values were determined by X-tile software. IDH and TERT promotor mutations were detected by gene sequencing, and 1p19q codeletion was estimated via fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: NLR was verified to be an independent prognostic marker for OS in WHO grade II and III diffuse gliomas. NLR level was also associated with OS of IDH mutant subgroup, TERT promotor mutant subgroup, 1p19q intact subgroup and with PFS of 1p19q intact subgroup. LMR level was associated with OS of WHO grade II and III diffuse gliomas and TERT promotor mutant subgroup. dNLR was verified to be an independent prognostic marker for OS in TERT promotor wild-type subgroup, 1p19q intact subgroup, IDH mutant TERT promotor wild-type 1p19q intact subgroup and for PFS of 1p19q intact subgroup. dNLR was associated with OS of WHO grade II and III diffuse gliomas and IDH mutant subgroup. 1p19q codeletion was correlated with low NLR.Conclusion: Preoperative NLR, LMR and dNLR levels were helpful to forecast prognosis in patients with WHO grade II and III gliomas and different genetic phenotypes.
Effect of Place of Birth on Knowledge of Neonatal Danger Signs and Associated Factors among Mother's in Meicha District, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-based Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gebremeskel Teferi Gebru , Tsegaye Adino Tesfahun , Geremew Alehegn Bishaw , Grum Teklit 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Danger signs in the neonatal period are non-specific and could be a manifestation of almost any newborn disease. Early recognition of these signs by mothers is a pre-request for increasing neonatal care-seeking behavior. There four this study aimed to assess knowledge of neonatal danger signs and associated factors among mothers who gave birth at home and health institutions in Meicha District, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among Home and Health institutions delivered mothers two months before the survey. A simple random sampling method was used to select the participants. Data was collected by face to face interviews of mothers. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors. The odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to assess the strength of the associations. Result: A total of 650 (325 health institution delivered and 325 home delivered) mothers were interviewed. Among this, 50.7% (AOR=2.19, 95%, CI (1.594-3.003)) of the mother were knowledge of neonatal danger sign in the district. Mother knowledge of neonatal danger sign was higher among mothers who give birth health institution (60.1%) than home (41.1%). Age of the mother (AOR:3.99, 95% CI:(1.45-11.03)), age of new born (AOR:0.53, 95% CI:(0.36-0.78)), parity (AOR:1.27, 95% CI:(1.37-5.31)), postnatal care attendance (AOR=2.42,95% CI: (1.47, 3.96)), distance of health center (AOR:0.46,95% CI:(0.27,0.78)) were significantly associated with overall mother’s knowledge of neonatal danger sign. Whereas, residence (AOR: 3.09, 95% CI:(1.44, 6.64)) and occupational status of husband (AOR:0.23, 95% CI:(0.201,0.67)) were significantly associated with health institution delivered mother. Age of new born (AOR: 0.50, 95% CI:(0.28,0.896)), parity(AOR: 0.29, 95% CI:(0.113,0.74)), antenatal care (AOR: 12.04, 95% CI: (5.9,24.65)) and postnatal care attendance (AOR:0.27,95% CI:(0.138,0.51)) was significantly associated with home delivered mother. Conclusion: The overall mother’s knowledge of neonatal danger signs was low. However, health institutions delivered mother more knowledge about danger signs than home-delivered mothers. Therefore, it is better if the district Health Office should investigate the implementation of educational programs in the community and strengthen the health extension program.
Informal&nbsp;Support&nbsp;for&nbsp;People&nbsp;With&nbsp;Alzheimer’s&nbsp;Disease&nbsp;and&nbsp;Related&nbsp;Dementias&nbsp;in&nbsp;Rural&nbsp;Uganda:&nbsp;A&nbsp;Qualitative&nbsp;Study
Authors: Nankinga Pia Ngoma , Maling Samuel Maling , Chemali Zeina , Wakida Edith K , Obua Celestino , Okello Elialilia S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: The generation of people getting older has become a public health concern worldwide. People aged 65 and above are the most at risk for Alzheimer’s disease which is associated with physical and behavioral changes. This nurtures informal support needs for people living with dementia where their families together with other community members are the core providers of day to day care for them in the rural setting. Despite global concern around this issue, information is still lacking on informal support delivered to these people with dementia. Objective: Our study aimed at establishing the nature of informal support provided for people with dementia (PWDs) and its perceived usefulness in rural communities in South Western Uganda. Methods: This was a qualitative study that adopted a descriptive design and conducted among 22 caregivers and 8 opinion leaders in rural communities of Kabale, Mbarara and Ibanda districts in South Western Uganda. The study included dementia caregivers who had been in that role for a period of at least six months and opinion leaders in the community. We excluded trained health workers. Results: The study highlights important forms of informal support offered to PWDs such as support in activities of daily living, enabling access to medical attention, recovering misplaced items, provision of herbal remedy, informal counseling, and sourcing carers from other families to offer presence and support in the hope to impact positively on behavioral outbursts and the frustration of living with dementia.Conclusion: The study revealed various forms of informal support that are available for PWDs in South Western Uganda and stressed the role of caregivers and the perceived usefulness of the care provided.