bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A numerical study on the non‐isothermal flow characteristics and hydrate risk of CO2 in buried transmission pipelines under the gas‐phase transportation mode
Authors: Liu Wenyuan , Hu Jinqiu , Sun Fengrui , Sun Zheng , Li Xiangfang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith the development and progress of carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage technology, the study of the flow assurance of CO2 in transmission pipelines needs to be further deepened. In this study, aiming at the gas‐phase transportation mode of CO2, first, a new prediction model of temperature, pressure as well as hydrate formation risk in buried CO2 transmission pipelines is established. Second, the model solving methods of differential discretization and piecewise iteration are introduced in detail. Third, model validation and sensitivity analysis of typical transmission parameters are performed. The results show that: (a) there is good agreement between the model prediction results and software simulation results. (b) The subcooling and the length of the hydrate formation region increase with the increase in the transmission rate. Appropriate increase in the CO2 transmission rate can reduce the risk of hydrate formation in CO2 transmission pipelines. (c) The subcooling and the length of the hydrate formation region decrease as the transmission temperature increases. In order to prevent hydrate risk in the CO2 transmission process, low transmission temperatures should be avoided. (d) The subcooling and the length of the hydrate‐formation area increase first and then decrease as the transmission pressure increases. Appropriate increase in CO2 transmission pressure is conducive to avoiding hydrate formation risk. This study provides basic theoretical guidance for optimizing transmission parameters and risk assessment of hydrate formation in CO2 transmission pipelines. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction of energy‐related CO2 emissions in multiple scenarios using a least square support vector machine optimized by improved bat algorithm: a case study of China
Authors: Wu Qunli , Meng Fanxing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAt present, China has the world's highest CO2 emissions. The reduction of China's CO2 emissions will have a direct effect on the world. Considering that CO2 emissions mainly come from the burning of fossil fuel, it is of great significance to accurately calculate and forecast China's energy‐related CO2 emissions. To improve the prediction accuracy of CO2 emissions, this paper proposed a new prediction model, which combines t‐distribution, Gaussian perturbations bat algorithm, and a least squares support vector machine, namely the TBAG‐LSSVM model. Furthermore, in order to ensure the rationality of factor selection, a stationary test, cointegration test, and Granger causality test were utilized to analyze factors affecting CO2 emissions. Through an empirical test, it was found that the proposed model has higher accuracy than LSSVM, BA‐LSSVM, WOA‐LSSVM, ELM, and BPNN. Therefore, three scenarios were put into the model to predict China's CO2 emissions up to 2030. The results indicate that CO2 emissions in 2030 will be 12 853.18, 11 378.27, and 12 008.19 million tons. According to the simulation results, industrial restructuring and the elimination of outdated production capacity should be pushed forward continuously to ensure that the Chinese government achieves emission reduction targets. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An ensialic volcanic arc along the northwestern edge of Palaeotethys—Insights from the Mid‐Triassic volcano‐sedimentary succession of Ivanščica Mt. (northwestern Croatia)
Authors: Slovenec Damir , Šegvić Branimir , Halamić Josip , Goričan Špela , Zanoni Giovanni 
Published: November 2019

This work aims to unveil the origin, geodynamic significance, and diagenetic history of pyroclastites and associated chert documented within the Upper Anisian volcano‐sedimentary succession of the Ivanščica Mt. in Central Europe. An abundance of pyroclastic material points to polyphase volcanic activity and deep‐water sedimentation along the rim of an oceanic realm. Radiolarian‐based dating revealed Illyrian age of chert intercalated with pyroclastites. The latter are largely vitro‐crystalloclastic and were emplaced as airborne tuff. The crystalloclasts of sanidine, plagioclase, altered pyroxene, and amphibole are principal tuff constituents merged in the altered glassy matrix consisted of palagonite, clay minerals, and calcite. Variations in alteration assemblages reflect an extensive in situ eogenesis in an open hydrologic system that gradually evolved toward a restricted fluid percolation environment. Mineralogy, chemistry, and occurrence of andesitic tuff clearly denote an explosive volcanic activity formed at the top of suprasubduction zone. Such scenario presumes a complex genesis outlined in following steps: (a) partial melting and dehydration of down‐going Palaeotethyan slab which gave rise to the subduction‐related magmatism {LILE, Th, and LREE [(La/Lu)cn = 6.51−9.42] enrichment; negative anomalies of Nb‐Ta, P, and Ti [e.g., (Nb/La)n = 0.31−0.44]}; (b) magma contamination via interaction with continental crust during magma uplift along tectonically weakened zones of upper crust [positive Pb spikes, negative εNd (−4.18 to −4.44), and 147Sm/144Nd ≤ 0.113175]. This is in favour of geodynamic evolution that hypothesizes the existence of an active, ensialic, and mature volcanic arc developed along the southern active continental margins of Euramerica (Laurussia) during Late Anisian subduction of Palaeotethyan lithosphere.
Sox9 overexpression exerts multiple stage‐dependent effects on mouse spinal cord development
Authors: Vogel Julia K. , Weider Matthias , Engler Lisa A. , Hillgärtner Simone , Schmitt Christian , Hermans‐Borgmeyer Irm , Wegner Michael 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe high‐mobility‐group (HMG)‐domain protein Sox9 is one of few transcription factors implicated in gliogenesis in the vertebrate central nervous system. To further study the role of Sox9 in early spinal cord development, we generated a mouse that allows expression of Sox9 in a temporally and spatially controlled manner. Using this mouse, we show that premature Sox9 expression in neural precursor cells disrupted the neuroepithelium of the ventricular zone. Sox9 also compromised development and survival of neuronal precursors and neurons. Additionally, we observed in these mice substantial increases in oligodendroglial and astroglial cells. Reversing the normal order of appearance of essential transcriptional regulators during oligodendrogenesis, Sox10 preceded Olig2. Our study reinforces the notion that Sox9 has a strong gliogenic activity. It also argues that Sox9 expression has to be tightly controlled to prevent negative effects on early spinal cord structure and neuronal development.
Rational choice of neck dissection in clinically N0 patients with supraglottic cancer
Authors: Zhang Ye , Xu Siyuan , Liu Wensheng , Wang Xiaolei , Wang Kai , Liu Shaoyan , Xu Zhengang , Liu Jie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe mainstay treatment of the neck for clinically negative neck (cN0) supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma (SGLC) is neck dissection. However, the optimal extent remains controversial. This study's purpose is to determine whether ipsilateral level II‐III neck dissection is appropriate for cN0SGLC patients.MethodsThe records of 220 consecutive untreated cN0SGLC patients were retrospectively reviewed. Relevant factors related to occult and contralateral neck metastasis were analyzed and the distribution of metastasis was described.ResultsSeventy‐seven and 143 patients underwent unilateral and bilateral neck dissection, respectively. The rate of occult neck metastases was 21.4%. The histologic differentiation was an independent risk factor for occult neck metastasis. In the bilateral neck dissection group, the incidence of contralateral neck metastasis of patients with noncentral tumors was 0.7%. Moreover, only 1.7% of patients had positive nodes at level IV, and no isolated nodal metastases existed in level IV.ConclusionIpsilateral level II‐III neck dissection is feasible for patients with noncentral cN0SGLC.
Creating Healthy Universities: The role of campus‐based health promotion events in supporting student well‐being
Authors: Saheb Rowena , Mortimer Taylor , Rutherford Erin , Sperandei Sandro , Reis Arianne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIssue addressedUniversity students have been increasingly recognised as a population with a high prevalence of mental ill health, with research suggesting that psychological distress is higher among tertiary education students than nonstudents. The purpose of this study was to assess students' perceptions of the effectiveness of student‐led, campus‐based mental health promotion events on their well‐being.MethodsThe cross‐sectional study included six campus‐based events, and collected data from 700 university students using a survey tool that included quantitative and qualitative measures. A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to investigate the association among explanatory variables and the response variable. A log‐likelihood ratio test was used to assess the goodness of fitness of the final model. Qualitative data were thematically analysed.ResultsResults showed that the majority of students (84%) agreed the event promoted and supported student well‐being, with three variables being statistically related to this agreement: (a) respondents' decision to spend more time on campus due to the event; (b) how respondents felt about receiving health information from student peers; and (c) the number of activities in which they took part.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that campus‐based mental health promotion events need to be designed with emphasis on activities that attract, retain and educate students about mental health, and are delivered with the benefits of peer‐to‐peer health promotion in mind, in order to reach their full potential in supporting improved student mental health.So what?The findings highlight the opportunities that can be created by university events to promote and support student mental health by building peer relationships and creating a sense of community.
High‐performance dynamic magnetic resonance image reconstruction and synthesis employing deep feature learning convolutional networks
Authors: Jeyaraj Pandia Rajan , Nadar Edward Rajan Samuel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis research paper shows an effective deformable complex 3D image reconstruction and image synthesis technique by consolidating needed high‐level features from convolutional Neural Network (CNN) system. By recognize inherent deep feature representations in image patches for morphological changes in medicinal imaging information discovery. Various performance measurements, High Frequency Error Norm (HFEN), Mean Squared Error MSE, peak Signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSI), are utilized to inspect different dataset. As presented in the paper outcomes, the proposed method can accomplish predominant performance compared with other cutting‐edge techniques with either low or high‐level features in terms of the synthesis and reconstruction rate. The proposed deep learning algorithm has a training time of 5 seconds with 0.97 SSI and 0.15 HFEN. In all investigations, the outcome shows that the proposed image synthesis and reconstruction framework reliably exhibited progressively precise outcomes when contrasted with best in class.
A biophotonic approach to measure pH in small volumes in vitro: Quantifiable differences in metabolic flux around the cumulus‐oocyte‐complex (COC)
Authors: McLennan Hanna J. , Saini Avishkar , Sylvia Georgina M. , Schartner Erik P. , Dunning Kylie R. , Purdey Malcolm S. , Monro Tanya M. , Abell Andrew D. , Thompson Jeremy G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnfertilised eggs (oocytes) release chemical biomarkers into the medium surrounding them. This provides an opportunity to monitor cell health and development during assisted reproductive processes if detected in a non‐invasive manner. Here we report the measurement of pH using an optical fibre probe, OFP1, in 5 μL drops of culture medium containing single mouse cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs). This allowed for the detection of statistically significant differences in pH between COCs in culture medium with no additives and those incubated with either a chemical (cobalt chloride) or hormonal treatment (follicle stimulating hormone); both of which serve to induce the release of lactic acid into the medium immediately surrounding the COC. Importantly, OFP1 was shown to be cell‐safe with no inherent cell toxicity or light‐induced phototoxicity indicated by negative DNA damage staining. Pre‐measurement photobleaching of the probe reduced fluorescence signal variability, providing improved measurement precision (0.01‐0.05 pH units) compared to previous studies. This optical technology presents a promising platform for the measurement of pH and the detection of other extracellular biomarkers to assess cell health during assisted reproduction.
Therapeutic approaches in hypertriglyceridemia‐induced acute pancreatitis: A literature review of available therapies and case series
Authors: Joury Abdulaziz , Alshehri Mona , Mahendra Arjun , Anteet Mahmoud , Yousef Mohammad A. , Khan Abdul M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHypertriglyceridemia‐induced acute pancreatitis (HGAP) is the third most common etiology of acute pancreatitis. HGAP can be attributed to genetic disturbances in triglyceride metabolism or multiple secondary causes. Here, we presented three cases for HGAP and explored different therapeutic approaches for treating HGAP. A case series of three patients who presented with HGAP and underwent different therapeutic approaches was conducted. The first patient was a 37‐year‐old male who presented with nonsevere HGAP; he was treated with conservative therapy with insulin and heparin infusion, which resulted in clinical and laboratory improvement. The second patient was a 64‐year‐old male with human immunodeficiency virus on multiple highly active antiretroviral therapy. He presented with severe HGAP and multiorgan failure. After initiation of therapeutic plasma exchange, his HGAP resolved. The third patient was a 28‐year‐old male who presented with recurrent episodes of HGAP; his conservative therapy failed and was eventually escalated to therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). HGAP can be attributed to genetic disturbances of lipid or secondary etiologies. A nonsevere form of HGAP can be managed with conventional therapy including insulin and heparin; however, severe HGAP may require TPE.
Ras inhibits TGF‐β‐induced KLF5 acetylation and transcriptional complex assembly via regulating SMAD2/3 phosphorylation in epithelial cells
Authors: Guo Peng , Xing Changsheng , Fu Xiaoying , He Dalin , Dong Jin‐Tang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAcetylated Kruppel‐like factor 5 (KLF5) is essential for transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) to properly regulate gene transcription in the inhibition of cell proliferation and tumor growth. Ras oncogenic signaling can convert TGF‐β from a tumor suppressor to a tumor promoter; however, its ability to utilize the KLF5 transcription factor to modulate TGF‐β functions is still unknown. Therefore, in this study, we sought to determine whether Ras signaling altered TGF‐β‐induced KLF5 acetylation and the assembly of the p300‐KLF5‐SMADs transcriptional complex in gene regulation. Not only did we determine that Ras signaling inhibited TGF‐β‐induced KLF5 acetylation and interfered with TGF‐β function in p15 induction and Myc repression, but also TGF‐β‐induced SMAD3 C‐terminal region phosphorylation was necessary for TGF‐β to induce KLF5 acetylation. Moreover, Ras activation further interrupted the interactions amongst p300, KLF5, and SMAD4, as well as the binding of p300‐KLF5‐SMADs complex onto the TGF‐β‐responsive promoter elements for both p15 and Myc. These findings suggested that KLF5 mediated the crosstalk between TGF‐β and Ras signaling, and that suppression of TGF‐β‐induced KLF5 acetylation by Ras activation; this altered TGF‐β‐induced assembly of p300‐KLF5‐SMADs complex onto gene promoters to convert the function of TGF‐β in gene regulation.
Evaluation of an optimized method to directly identify bacteria from positive blood cultures using MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Yuan Youhua , Wang Junjie , Zhang Jiangfeng , Ma Bing , Gao Shanjun , Li Yi , Wang Shanmei , Wang Baoya , Zhang Qi , Jing Nan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough various methods have been developed to directly identify bacteria from positive blood cultures by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS), the necessity of using commercial kits still leads to a high cost and long assay time. Moreover, few evaluations of these methods have been conducted. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of an optimized MALDI‐TOF MS method for direct identification of bacteria in positive blood cultures.MethodsA total of 829 non‐repeated positive cultures were collected from July 2018 to August 2019, and direct identification was performed by an optimized MALDI‐TOF MS method. The same positive blood cultures were sub‐cultivated to obtain a single bacterial colony and identified by classical biochemical BD testing, which is the gold standard to compare the accuracy of direct identification of positive blood cultures by MALDI‐TOF MS.ResultsAfter excluding 7 false‐positive samples from the 829 positive blood cultures, the most accurate rate of direct identification by this optimized MALDI‐TOF MS method was for gram‐negative bacteria (91.5%), followed by gram‐positive bacteria (88.3%), fungi (84.8%), anaerobic bacteria (80%), and other rare bacteria (66.67%).ConclusionCommon bacteria in positive blood cultures can be identified directly within 1 hour by MALDI‐TOF MS, and thus, this optimized method can be used as a primary identification method by clinicians. Routine implementation of this method may significantly increase the optimal utilization rate of antibiotics and decrease mortality in bacteremia patients.
MicroRNAs in breast cancer: Roles, functions, and mechanism of actions
Authors: Abolghasemi Maryam , Tehrani Sadra Samavarchi , Yousefi Tooba , Karimian Ansar , Mahmoodpoor Ata , Ghamari Aliakbar , Jadidi‐Niaragh Farhad , Yousefi Mehdi , Kafil Hossein Samadi , Bastami Milad , Edalati Mahdi , Eyvazi Shirin , Naghizadeh Mohsen , Targhazeh Niloufar , Yousefi Bahman , Safa Amin , Majidinia Maryam , Rameshknia Vahid 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies in women in the world. Various factors are involved in the development and promotion of the malignancy; most of them involve changes in the expression of certain genes, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs can regulate signaling pathways negatively or positively, thereby affecting tumorigenesis and various aspects of cancer progression, particularly breast cancer. Besides, accumulating data demonstrated that miRNAs are a novel tool for prognosis and diagnosis of breast cancer patients. Herein, we will review the roles of these RNA molecules in several important signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor, Wnt, Notch, nuclear factor‐κ B, phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase/Akt, and extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase/mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathways in breast cancer.
Constructing the Pd/PdO/β‐Bi2O3 microspheres with enhanced photocatalytic activity for Bisphenol A degradation and NO removal
Authors: Rao Fei , Zhu Gangqiang , Wang Miaomiao , Zubairu Siyaka Mj , Peng Jianhong , Gao Jianzhi , Hojamberdiev Mirabbos 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPhotocatalysis is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of water and gas pollution. An excellent photocatalyst should have the following advantages: efficient photocatalytic activity for gas and water pollutants, recyclable and stable characteristics, non‐toxic and low‐cost. Constructing heterojunctions and introducing oxygen vacancies (OVs) are two effective measures to achieve these targets.RESULTSIt is found that the 1.0% Pd/PdO/β‐Bi2O3 exhibits the best photocatalytic activity with an efficiency of 97.4% for Bisphenol A (BPA) degradation and 47.6% for nitric oxide (NO) removal within 30 min. The 1.0% Pd/PdO/β‐Bi2O3 composite shows 23.3% efficiency in the photodegradation of BPA under 595 nm monochromatic light irradiation, while β‐Bi2O3 tends to be invalid. Moreover, the OVs promote the removal of NO without irradiation.CONCLUSIONIn this work, a novel ternary Pd/PdO/β‐Bi2O3 material as high‐performance photocatalyst for the BPA degradation and NO removal was synthesized. The presence of OVs promotes the activation of the oxygen molecule, thereby facilitating the photocatalytic process. The p‐n junction of PdO/β‐Bi2O3 and the Schottky barrier of Pd/β‐Bi2O3 significantly limit the recombination of photoinduced electron–hole pairs in the composite. Furthermore, an artifact in the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrum obtained by spin trapping with 5,5‐dimethyl‐1‐pyrroline N‐oxide (DMPO) as adducts confirms that both hydroxyl radical (•OH) and superoxide radical (•O2−) species are involved in the photocatalytic process. The present work offers a new perspective for developing the composite photocatalysts with high efficiency through loading of metal nanoparticles and creating an heterojunction. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Naturalistic observations of metacognition in engineering: Using observational methods to study metacognitive engagement in engineering
Authors: McCord Rachel E. , Matusovich Holly M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe use of metacognition is critical to learning, especially in fields such as engineering that involve problem‐solving and difficult conceptual material. Due to limitations with current methodological approaches, new methods are needed to investigate engineering students' metacognitive engagement in learning situations that are self‐directed, such as study groups.PurposeOur purpose was to develop an approach to investigate the metacognitive engagement of undergraduate engineering students in self‐directed learning environments. The Naturalistic Observations of Metacognition in Engineering (NOME) Observational Protocol and Coding Strategy is a qualitative data collection method that allows researchers to observe the behaviors of students who are studying in groups to determine the student's engagement in different metacognitive practices. The NOME is intended to be used by researchers interested in studying online metacognitive behaviors without the direct interference of a methodological approach.Design/MethodWe observed three study groups where students were working on an engineering problem‐solving homework assignment. Using a taxonomic definition of metacognition, we coded episodes of observation transcripts to identify behaviors that represented key definitions in the taxonomy.ResultsWe combined subcodes and descriptions of behaviors with key definitions to develop a coding strategy useful for future observational studies. Evidence of intercoder agreement and agreement in unitizing indicates that the coding strategy can reliably be used by multiple trained coders to identify metacognitive engagement.ConclusionsThe reliability evidence shows that the NOME may be a useful tool for researchers in engineering education interested in studying the metacognitive habits of engineering students in self‐directed study.