bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The expression of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C and KAI1 in ovarian carcinoma and their clinical significance
Authors: Gong Yingying , Wang Danna , Lin Lu , Dai Junjun , Yu Lan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) is considered to play an important role in the tumorigenesis of many cancers and promote cell cycle progression. Kangai 1 (KAI1) is considered as a suppressor gene of tumor metastasis. However, the clinicopathological significance and their each relationship of UBE2C and KAI1 in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) are not widely reported. The purpose of this study is to detect the expression of UBE2C and KAI1 in EOC and their clinical significance.
The expression of UBE2C and KAI1 in 180 cases of EOC tissues, 60 cases of normal ovarian epithelial tissues, and 60 cases of ovarian benign tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Patients data were also collected.
Positive expression of UBE2C in EOC (38.9%) was significantly higher than that both in the normal group (0%) and benign tumors group (10.0%). Furthermore, the expression of UBE2C was positively associated with grades of differentiation, implants, lymph node metastasis (LNM), as well as the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages. Positive expression of KAI1 in EOC (25.0%) was significantly lower than that both in the normal group (100%) and benign tumors group (75.0%). And the expression of KAI1 was inversely associated with grades of differentiation, implants, LNM, and FIGO stages. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses demonstrated that UBE2C positive expression for patients with EOC had unfavorably overall survival (OS) time when compared with negative UBE2C for patients. And KAI1 positive expression for patients had favorably OS time when compared with negative KAI1 for patients. Multivariate analysis showed that positive expression of UBE2C and KAI1, implants, and FIGO stages were considered as independently prognostic factors for OS in patients with EOC. Moreover, UBE2C expression was significantly higher in high grade serous adenocarcinoma (SA) when compared with low grade SA; and KAI1 expression was significantly lower in high grade SA when compared with low grade SA. High grade SA patients had higher rates of implants, LNM, and high FIGO stages when compared with low grade SA. High grade SA patients had unfavorably OS time when compared with low grade SA.
UBE2C and KAI1 should be considered as potential biomarkers of EOC prognosis.
Comparison of the effect of propofol and desflurane on S-100β and GFAP levels during controlled hypotension for functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Jang Ji Su , Kwon Youngsuk , Hwang Sung Mi , Lee Jae Jun , Lee Jun Suck , Lee Soo Kyoung , Lee Ho Seok 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Although surgical field visualization is important in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), the complications associated with controlled hypotension for surgery should be considered. Intraoperative hypotension is associated with postoperative stroke, leading to subsequent hypoxia with potential neurologic injury. We investigated the effect of propofol and desflurane anesthesia on S-100β and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels which are early biomarkers for cerebral ischemic change during controlled hypotension for FESS.

Methods:
For controlled hypotension during FESS, anesthesia was maintained with propofol/remifentanil in propofol group (n = 30) and with desflurane/remifentanil in desflurane group (n = 30). For S-100β and GFAP assay, blood samples were taken at base, 20 and 60 minutes after achieving the target range of mean arterial pressure, and at 60 minutes after surgery.

Results:
The base levels of S-100β were 98.04 ± 78.57 and 112.61 ± 66.38 pg/mL in the propofol and desflurane groups, respectively. The base levels of GFAP were 0.997 ± 0.486 and 0.898 ± 0.472 ng/mL in the propofol and desflurane groups, respectively. The S-100β and GFAP levels were significantly increased in the study period compared to the base levels in both groups (P ≤ .001). There was no significant difference at each time point between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:
On comparing the effects of propofol and desflurane anesthesia for controlled hypotension on the levels of S-100β and GFAP, we noted that there was no significant difference in S-100β and GFAP levels between the 2 study groups.

Clinical trial registration:
Available at: http://cris.nih.go.kr, KCT0002698.
Integrative Korean medicine treatment for temporomandibular joint disorder-induced dysphagia leading to aspiration pneumonia
Authors: Park Ji Eun , Lee Seunghoon 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Severe temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) could induce dysphagia, which could lead to aspiration pneumonia. However, no clinical study has reported that TMD-related dysphagia could result in aspiration pneumonia. Integrative Korean medicine (KM) is suggested to be an effective treatment for patients with severe TMD.

Patient concerns:
A 76-year-old female could not open her mouth because of TMD and subsequently experienced dysphagia. To clearly identify the cause of dysphagia and to treat the symptoms, she was admitted to the neurology department. However, she eventually developed aspiration pneumonia. Despite the inpatient treatment and even after pneumonia was cured, TMD symptoms and dysphagia persisted.

Diagnosis:
Based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and the magnetic resonance imaging findings, the patient was diagnosed as having severe TMD with disc displacement without reduction and with limited opening.

Interventions:
Integrative KM treatment, including acupuncture, herbal acupuncture, cupping therapy, Chuna manual therapy, and herbal medicine, was performed during the admission period (23 days).

Outcomes:
The following clinical improvements were detected: maximal unassisted opening from 8 to 28 mm, right lateral movement from 3 to 11 mm, left lateral movement from 10 to 15 mm, and protrusion movement from 5 to 7 mm. Dysphagia disappeared when the TMD symptoms improved.

Conclusion:
Patients with severe TMD might experience dysphagia, which could lead to aspiration pneumonia. Symptoms of severe TMD could be treated with integrative KM treatment.
Reconstruction of midface defects using local flaps
Authors: Chang Jung Woo , Lim Jung Han , Lee Jang Hyun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Local flap surgery is commonly performed to cover defects with appropriate skin color and texture match. The purpose of this study was to present an algorithm for choosing an appropriate flap when reconstructing a midface defect using a local flap.

Methods:
Between February 2013 and February 2019, 38 patients with midface defects underwent local flap surgery. All defects larger than 3 cm in diameter were reconstructed with perforator-based transposition flaps. Defects smaller than 3 cm in diameter were reconstructed differently depending on their location. Defects near the nasolabial fold (NLF) were reconstructed with perforator-based transposition flaps, whereas defects just on the NLF were reconstructed with VY advancement flaps. Defects distant from the NLF were also reconstructed with VY advancement flaps.

Results:
Perforator-based transposition flaps were used in 22 cases and VY advancement flaps were used in 16 cases according to our new algorithm. All flaps survived without any complications. The aesthetic results were superior for VY advancement flaps, with higher patient satisfaction scores. The skin color match was similar for both flaps, but the contour was more natural in advancement flaps than in transposition flaps. However, transposition flaps had the benefits of being able to cover relatively large defects and allowing the donor scar to be hidden in a wrinkle line.

Conclusion:
The most suitable local flap for coverage of a midface defect can be chosen based on the patient's condition. By following our algorithm, appropriate reconstructions can be performed, with satisfactory results.
Biomarkers of Inflammation and Lung Recovery in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients With Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Pais Paolo , Robinson Simon , Majithia-Beet Gavin , Lotto Attilio , Kumar Tracy , Westrope Claire , Sullo Nikol , Eagle Hemming Bryony , Joel-David Lathishia , JnTala Maria , Corazzari Claudio , Grazioli Lorenzo , Smallwood Dawn , Murphy Gavin J. , Lai Florence Y. , Woźniak Marcin J. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a treatment for Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn with high mortality. Hypothesis: the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit results in inflammatory responses that mitigate against successful weaning.

Design:
Single-center prospective observational feasibility study.

Setting:
PICU.

Patients:
Twenty-four neonates requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
The reference outcome was death or more than 7 days of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Other outcomes included serial measures of plasma-free hemoglobin and markers of its metabolism, leucocyte, platelet and endothelial activation, and biomarkers of inflammation. Of 24 participants recruited between February 2016 and June 2017, 10 died or required prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. These patients were sicker at baseline with higher levels of plasma-free hemoglobin within 12 hours of cannulation (geometric mean ratio, 1.92; 95% CIs, 1.00–3.67; p = 0.050) but not thereafter, versus those requiring less than 7 days extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Serum haptoglobin concentrations were significantly elevated in both groups. Patients who died or required prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support demonstrated elevated levels of platelet-leucocyte aggregation, but decreased concentrations of mediators of the inflammatory response: interleukin-8, C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor α.

Conclusions:
Clinical status at baseline and not levels of plasma-free hemoglobin or the systemic inflammatory response may determine the requirement for prolonged extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support in neonates.
A Preliminary Dynamic Investigation on Velopharyngeal Movements During Blowing: A New Approach for Evaluation
Authors: Qiu Qiu , Yuchen Wang , Chenghui Jiang , Binbing Wang , Lili Qi , Sheng Li , Hongbing Jiang , Xinghui Shi 
Published: November 2019

Purpose:
To explore an alternative approach to evaluate velopharyngeal function on those speakers with compensatory misarticulation.

Method:
Nasopharyngeal endoscopy was used to observe the velopharyngeal movement on 26 adult Mandarin speakers during articulation and different nonverbal state, including SCPS, DCPS, and ABS.

Results:
There were significant differences for the rate of velopharyngeal incompetence (RVPI) among the 4 different states. The RVPI was least for the Articulation State, followed by the Air Blowing and DCPS. The RVPI was largest for the SCPS.

Conclusion:
The result indicated that the ABS may be used as an alternative approach to evaluate the velopharyngeal function instead of the articulation samples while patients cannot make clear articulation due to compensatory misarticulation habits. It merits further study on nonverbal activities, which could lay a foundation for exploring more effective approach for evaluation of the velopharyngeal function.
Novel transformer networks for improved sequence labeling in genomics
Authors: Clauwaert Jim , Waegeman Willem 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn genomics, a wide range of machine learning methodologies have been investigated to annotate biological sequences for positions of interest such as transcription start sites, translation initiation sites, methylation sites, splice sites and promoter start sites. In recent years, this area has been dominated by convolutional neural networks, which typically outperform previously-designed methods as a result of automated scanning for influential sequence motifs. However, those architectures do not allow for the efficient processing of the full genomic sequence. As an improvement, we introduce transformer architectures for whole genome sequence labeling tasks. We show that these architectures, recently introduced for natural language processing, are better suited for processing and annotating long DNA sequences. We apply existing networks and introduce an optimized method for the calculation of attention from input nucleotides. To demonstrate this, we evaluate our architecture on several sequence labeling tasks, and find it to achieve state-of-the-art performances when comparing it to specialized models for the annotation of transcription start sites, translation initiation sites and 4mC methylation inE. coli.
Single-cell repertoire tracing identifies rituximab refractory B cells during myasthenia gravis relapses
Authors: Jiang Ruoyi , Fichtner Miriam L. , Hoehn Kenneth B. , Stathopoulos Panos , Nowak Richard J. , Kleinstein Steven H. , O’Connor Kevin C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRituximab, a B cell-depleting therapy, is indicated for treating a growing number of autoantibody-mediated autoimmune disorders. However, relapses can occur after treatment and autoantibody-producing B cell subsets may be found during relapses. It is not understood if these autoantibody-producing B cell subsets emerge from the failed depletion of pre-existing B cells or are re-generated de novo. To further define the mechanisms that cause post-rituximab relapse, we studied patients with autoantibody-mediated muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) myasthenia gravis (MG) who relapsed after treatment. We carried out single-cell transcriptional and B cell receptor (BCR) profiling on longitudinal B cell samples. We identified clones present prior to therapy that continued to persist during relapse. Persistent B cell clones included both antibody-secreting cells and memory B cells characterized by gene expression signatures associated with B cell survival. A subset of persistent antibody-secreting cells and memory B cells were specific for the MuSK autoantigen. These results demonstrate that rituximab is not fully effective at eliminating autoantibody-producing B cells and provide a mechanistic understanding of post-rituximab relapse in MuSK MG.
Rapid Ultrastructural Changes of PSD and Extrasynaptic Axon-spine Interface Membrane during LTP Induced in Single Dendritic Spine
Authors: Sun Ye , Smirnov Michael , Kamasawa Naomi , Yasuda Ryohei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStructural plasticity of dendritic spines is considered to be the basis of synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Here, we performed ultrastructural analysis of spines undergoing LTP using a novel high throughput correlative light-electron microscopy approach. We found that the PSD displays rapid (< 3 min) reorganization of its nanostructure, including perforation and segmentation. This increased structural complexity is maintained over intermediate and late phases of LTP (20 and 120 min). In a few spines, segmented PSDs are connected to different presynaptic terminals, producing a multi-innervated spine in the intermediate and late phases. In addition, the area of extrasynaptic axon-spine interface (eASI) displayed a pronounced, rapid and sustained increase. Finally, presynaptic vesicle number increased slowly and became significantly higher at late phases of LTP. These rapid ultrastructural changes in PSD and surrounding membrane, together with the slow increase in presynaptic vesicle number, likely support the rapid and sustained increase in synaptic transmission during LTP.
Learning cis-regulatory principles of ADAR-based RNA editing from CRISPR-mediated mutagenesis
Authors: Liu Xin , Sun Tao , Shcherbina Anna , Li Qin , Kappel Kalli , Jarmoskaite Inga , Ramaswami Gokul , Das Rhiju , Kundaje Anshul , Li Jin Billy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAdenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing catalyzed by ADAR enzymes occurs in double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). How the RNA sequence and structure (i.e., the cis-regulation) determine the editing efficiency and specificity is poorly understood, despite a compelling need towards functional understanding of known editing events and transcriptome engineering of desired adenosines. We developed a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated saturation mutagenesis approach to generate comprehensive libraries of point mutations near an editing site and its editing complementary sequence (ECS) at the endogenous genomic locus. We used machine learning to integrate diverse RNA sequence features and computationally predicted structures to model editing levels measured by deep sequencing and identified cis-regulatory features of RNA editing. As proof-of-concept, we applied this integrative approach to three editing substrates. Our models explained over 70% of variation in editing levels. The models indicate that RNA sequence and structure features synergistically determine the editing levels. Our integrative approach can be broadly applied to any editing site towards the goal of deciphering the RNA editing code. It also provides guidance for designing and screening of antisense RNA sequences that form dsRNA duplex with the target transcript for ADAR-mediated transcriptome engineering.
Is party factionalism harmful or beneficial to party development
Authors: Hung Chung Fun Steven 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the intra-party conflicts in Hong Kong’s Democratic Party (DP) and their implications for broader democratic processes in the territory. It also examines some other thematic issues including: the party’s policy decision-making process, candidate selection, party membership and mergers, and their overall relevance for democratisation in Hong Kong.Design/methodology/approachThe study gives a historical review of intra-party conflicts. The concept of factionalism is applied to better understand the DP in Hong Kong’s political space.FindingsHong Kong is unique and popular models of party conflicts are hardly applicable to the country. Intra-party conflict is an obvious, expected conflict because of differences in formation, leadership, manifestoes and ideologies. The present author tries to examine the case with a view to making a novel contribution.Originality/valueThe study of political factionalism is not uncommon in Hong Kong but this paper intends to study intra-party elite conflicts and self-democratisation of the Hong Kong DP as a case study which is seldom addressed. Consolidation is a possible scenario and its presence is evident when political elites increasingly demonstrate commitment towards creating a democratic regime and when they hold strong beliefs in democratic procedures and institutions as crucial to governing public life.
Influence of “health” versus “commercial” physical activity message on snacking behavior
Authors: Kergoat Marine , Meyer Thierry , Legal Jean-Baptiste 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThis study aims to investigate whether the effect of exposure to video communication displaying physical activity (PA) would affect viewers’ snacking behavior depending on the type of message. Specifically, it is expected that food intake would be significantly higher when the message is labeled as a “commercial message” rather than a “health message”.Design/methodology/approachTwo experimental studies are conducted that manipulate the type of message (commercial message vs health message). In Study 1, the participants’ level of involvement (low vs high) is also manipulated. In Study 2, the intensity of the PA displayed in the videos (low vs high) is manipulated, and a control group is included. The main dependent variable is the number of sweets eaten while watching the ad.FindingsResults from both studies show that the influence of a PA exposure on food intake is influenced by the nature of the communication. Participants exposed to the commercial message eat more sweets than those exposed to the health message (ηp2= 0.06). Being exposed to a health message elicits self-regulated eating behaviors with no more sweets eaten than in the control group. In addition, the effect of the type of message is moderated by the intensity of the PA displayed. The difference of sweets consumed depending on the type of message is significant only when the physical intensity displayed is low.Research limitations/implicationsThe present research emphasizes the moderating role of the type of communication on food intake when recipients are exposed to a PA message. Further research must be conducted to enlarge the understanding of the phenomenon considering other critical variables such as inter-individual differences (e.g. body mass index and self-regulation skills), types of food (e.g. healthy vs unhealthy) and other contexts (e.g. watching sports events on television).Practical implicationsThe present findings have implications for marketers, health practitioners, policymakers and consumers. They stress the significance of how the implicit goals of the messages are taken into account within consumers’ information processing and how this can affect subsequent consumption behaviors. PA displayed through a commercial message has the most negative impact on food intake, especially when the intensity of PA is low. PA displayed through a health message shows no impact on food intake, whatever the intensity of the PA. It emphasizes the importance of combining exposure to PA through advertising or sporting events to a message promoting healthy and balanced eating behaviors.Originality/valueThe value of the present research lies in an additional understanding of the complex effect of passive exposure to a PA message on subsequent food consumption. Furthermore, the present study expands research on persuasive communication and has critical implications for public health issues.
Collaborative governance as a policy strategy in healthcare
Authors: Frankowski Andrea 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the enactment of collaborative governance as a policy strategy in healthcare – in particular its effects in coordinating multiple collaborative initiatives dedicated to improve the performance of health organizations. It studies overarching governance mechanisms that serve as platforms at a meta-level between policy and frontline practice.Design/methodology/approachFour collaborative governance arrangements dedicated to improve health outcomes in the Netherlands are analyzed in a comparative case-study design, based on extensive document analysis (n=121) and interviews (n=56) with key stakeholders in the field, including the Dutch Ministry of Health, health organizations and other actors.FindingsThe studied policy-based governance mechanisms for the coordination of multiple micro-level collaborative initiatives function partly as platforms in bringing actors and resources together successfully. They do so, by fostering evolvability (the capacity to generate diversity in emergent ways) in relation to goal-setting and intermediation between actors. Yet, they marginalize open access to participants through high selectivity and deliberate exclusion strategies for certain actors, contrary to a platform logic of action.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the collaborative governance literature focuses on these dimensions as independent elements, findings reveal both trade-offs and interdependencies between studied dimensions of coordination associated with platforms, that need to be negotiated and managed.Practical implicationsSelectivity and exclusion in collaborative arrangements may negatively affect relational bonds and ties between actors, which challenges the application of collaborative governance as a policy strategy in pursuit of health objectives.Originality/valueResponding to recent calls in the literature, this study applies ideas from public administration to the field of health organization and management to avert failures in the translation of policy ambitions into health practice.