bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A linear-time algorithm that avoids inverses and computes jackknife (leave-one-out) products like convolutions or other operators in commutative semigroups
Authors: Spouge John , Ziegelbauer Joseph M. , Gonzalez Mileidy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Data about herpesvirus microRNA motifs on human circular RNAs suggested the following statistical question. Consider independent random counts, not necessarily identically distributed. Conditioned on the sum, decide whether one of the counts is unusually large. Exact computation of the p-value leads to a specific algorithmic problem. Given n elements g0,g1,...gn-1 in a set with the closure and associative properties and a commutative product without inverses, compute the jackknife (leave-one-out) products gbar;=g0,g1,...gj-1 g j+1...gn-1 (0&le;j<n).Results: This article gives a linear-time Jackknife Product algorithm. Its upward phase constructs a standard segment tree for computing segment products like g[i,j)=gigi+1...gj-1; its novel downward phase mirrors the upward phase while exploiting the symmetry of and its complement gbar;j. The algorithm requires storage for elements of and only about products. In contrast, the standard segment tree algorithms require about n products for construction and log2 n products for calculating each gbar;j, i.e., about products n log n in total; and a naïve quadratic algorithm using n-2 element-by-element products to compute each gbar;j requires n (n-2) products.Conclusions: In the herpesvirus application, the Jackknife Product algorithm required 15 minutes; standard segment tree algorithms would have taken an estimated 3 hours; and the quadratic algorithm, an estimated 1 month. The Jackknife Product algorithm has many possible uses in bioinformatics and statistics.
Is combining serum interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein a reliable diagnostic tool in periprosthetic joint infections?
Authors: Li Cheng , Thies Cristina Ojeda , Xu Chi , Trampuz Andrej 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Because there is no single gold-standard method for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), the combination of valuable methods to evaluate infection seems to achieve a better diagnostic result. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) for the diagnosis of PJI.Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science databases were searched for articles describing PJI diagnosis using serum IL-6 and CRP published between January 1990 and December 2019.Results: Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73 to 0.83) for the combined method (serum IL-6 and CRP), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82 to 0.91) for IL-6 and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78 to 0.87) for CRP . The pooled specificity was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89 to 0.95) for the combined method, 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81 to 0.88) for IL-6, and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79 to 0.87) for CRP. The combined method had the highest value for the area under the curve (0.9688), followed by IL-6 (0.9259) and CRP (0.9139). Subgroup analyses showed that restricting antibiotic treatment before sample collection may improve specificity.Conclusion: The combination of serum IL-6 and CRP was a reliable tool for the diagnosis of PJI, and it had a better diagnostic accuracy than testing with a single marker, especially when samples were collected without antibiotic therapy. Additional research is needed.
Further investigations of gateway effects using the PATH study
Authors: Lee Peter N , Fry John S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Considerable interest exists in whether e-cigarette use (“vaping”) by youths increases the risk of initiating cigarette smoking. Based on Waves 1 and 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study we reported that adjustment for propensity for vaping using Wave 1 variables explained about 80% of the unadjusted relationship. This analysis may be over-adjusted had vaping at Wave 1 affected some variables recorded then. Here we present analyses using Waves 1 to 3 to avoid this possibility. Methods: Our main analysis M1 concerned those who had never smoked by Wave 2 and never vaped by Wave 1. Wave 2 vaping was linked to smoking initiation by Wave 3, adjusting for Wave 1 predictors. Sensitivity analyses excluded other tobacco product users at Wave 1, included other tobacco product use as an additional predictor, or were based on propensity for ever smoking or ever any tobacco use, rather than ever vaping. Other analyses adjusted for propensity as derived originally, or ignored Wave 1 data. Other analyses used grouped age (only available originally) or exact age (available now) as a confounder variable, attempted residual confounding adjustment by modifying values of predictor variables using data later recorded, or considered interactions with age. Results: In M1, propensity adjustment removed about 50% of the excess odds ratio (i.e. OR–1), the unadjusted OR, 5.60 (95% CI 4.52-6.93) becoming 3.37 (2.65-4.28), 3.11 (2.47-3.92) or 3.27 (2.57-4.16) depending whether adjustment was for propensity as a continuous variable, as quintiles, or for the 16 variables making up the propensity score. Many factors studied hardly affected the results, including using grouped or exact age, consideration of other tobacco products, including interactions, or using predictors of smoking or tobacco use rather than vaping. The clearest conclusion was that analyses avoiding over-adjustment only explained about 50% of the excess OR whereas analyses subject to over-adjustment explained about 80%. Conclusions: Although much of the unadjusted gateway effect results from uncontrolled confounding, our current analysis provides stronger evidence of a causal effect of vaping than did our earlier analysis. However, some doubts remain about the completeness of confounder adjustment.
Design and evaluate of a multilevel laminar shear stress perfusion bioreactor
Authors: Sun Songrong , Huang Shaoxiong , Li Xuejia , Wang Xiaoyan , Gong Yihong , Luo Yuxi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Fluid shear stress affects cell viability and cell differentiation. This study aimed to build a bioreactor for tissue engineering in which the cultured cells are exposed to custom designed multilevel laminar shear stress. Methods: The bioreactor was built based on a multi-layer plate configuration and equipped with an online monitoring system. The diameters of the diversion holes of each layer varied from 0.8mm to 1.4mm. Computational fluid dynamics and tracer liquid imaging velocity measurement were used to study the fluid field distribution. Finally, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) were cultivated in this bioreactor system. Results: The actual flow field distribution was consistent with the simulation results, and the average relative error of the flow velocity was 10.52%. The variation in shear stress of each layer was less than 3.0e-5 Pa, indicating that the flow microenvironment was uniform in each layer. Additionally, the shear stress increased with increasing diameters of the diversion holes. Cell culture experiments of Vero cells and hUCMSCs showed that the system continuously monitored morphological characteristics of the cells. The designed bioreactor achieved the desired proliferation, indicating that the bioreactor provided a suitable microenvironment for cell growth. Conclusion: The fluid shear stress within the bioreactor can be specified as required, and the morphological characteristics of the cells can be monitored in real time. It achieved the proliferation of hUCMSCs. This bioreactor system will facilitate the study of tissue engineering.
Lumbar degenerative disease after oblique lateral interbody fusion: sagittal spinopelvic alignment and its impact on low back pain
Authors: Li Jia , Zhang Di , Shen Yong , Qi Xiangbei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The objective of the retrospective study was to investigated the incidence and risk factors of low back pain (LBP) in patients with lumbar degenerative disease after single-level oblique lateral interbody fusion(OLIF).Methods: In this retrospective study, 120 patients who undergoing single-level OLIF to treat lumbar degenerative disease were recruited. Preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters, including segmental lordosis(SL), lumbar lordosis(LL), disk height(DH), pelvic incidence(PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope(SS), thoracic kyphosis(TK), C7-sagittal vertical axis (SVA). Visual analog scale(VAS) for back and leg pain, and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI), were used to evaluate symptoms and quantify disability. All patients achieved at least two-year follow-up.Results: A total of 120 Patients who complained low back pain were apportioned to LBP group (n=38; VAS scores for back pain≥3) or Non-LBP group (n=82;VAS scores for back pain＜3). There was no difference in age(P=0.082), gender(P=0.425), body mass index(P=0.138), degenerative spondylolisthesis or lumbar spinal stenosis(P=0.529) surgical level(P=0.651), blood Loss (P=0.889) and operative time(P=0.731) between the groups. In both groups, the ODI and VAS scores for back pain and leg pain were significantly improved at the final follow-up compared to the preoperative scores (P=0.003). Furthermore, except for the LBP (P=0.000), there were no significant differences in these scores between the two groups at the final follow-up (P > 0.05). According to the radiographic parameters, in Non-LBP group, the LL, SL, DH, TK and SS had all significantly improved; PT and C7-SVA significantly decreased at the final follow-up compared to the preoperative values. The DH in both groups had significantly improved, no significant difference was found(P=0.325). In the final follow-up, LL, PI-LL, PT and C7-SVA in Non-LBP group had more improvements compared to the LBP group (P＜0.05) . Multivariate analysis showed that PT, PI-LL and C7-SVA were identified as significant risk factors for LBP after OLIF.Conclusion: The clinical outcomes of OLIF for single-level lumbar degenerative disease were satisfactory. Our findings showed that PT, PI-LL mismatch and C7-SVA had the greatest impact on the incidence of LBP. Therefore, patients with appropriate decreased PT, improved C7-SVA and PI-LL match experienced less low back pain.
The underlying mechanism of partial anterior cruciate ligament injuries to the meniscus of knee joint in rabbit models
Authors: Wang Dalin , Wang Zhe , Li Mingcheng , Xu Songbao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

The diagnosis, treatment and efficacy evaluation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) remains controversial. This research aims to investigate the underlying mechanism of partial ACL injuries to the meniscus degeneration in rabbit knee.

Methods

Sixty New Zealand, white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: the anteromedial bundle (AMB) splitting, the posterolateral bundle (PLB) splitting and a control group. Finally, eight rabbits were sampled randomly on the second, fourth and eighth weeks respectively. We observed the typical form of the meniscus through HE staining. Expressions of inflammatory factors including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-17 in the knee joint fluid were determined by means of an ELISA. Analysis of the mRNA expressions of MMP-13 was performed to evaluate the inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of the meniscus.

Results

HE staining results showed that the surface was rough and the tissues were loose displaying collagen fibers of varying thickness. Both IL-1β and IL-17 in the synovial fluid, and the positive rate of MMP-13 in addition to MMP-13 mRNA showed a demonstrable increase treads from the 2nd to the 8th week. The significant difference was found ( P <0.05) compared to the control group.

Conclusion

Our findings illustrated that the elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-17, along with increased MMP13 expression, resulting in meniscus degradation in the rabbit knee joint model with partial ACL injury. When the partial ACL injury on the different bundles occurred, the reconstruction of the reserved AMB or PLB must be operated on time due to uncertainty of conservative treatment.
Laparoscopy Approach to Sigmoid Colon Perforation Secondary to Intrauterine Device Migration
Authors: Amortegui Henry Leonardo Robayo , Vanegas Diana Marcela Rincon , Blanquicet Adolfredo Ballestas , Fonseca Jair Ruiz 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Currently, the intrauterine device (IUD) is one of the most used contraceptive methods worldwide, since it has shown to be effective and reversible. One of its complications is the migration of the device, which can affect close organs by perforating them. Case We present the case of a patient who presented a colouterine fistula secondary to an IUD migration. Conclusion Laparoscopy is a surgical method that may be performed electively; it makes device removal and repair of affected organs possible with fewer complications.
LINC00476 suppresses the progression of non-small cell lung cancer via inducing the ubiquitination of SETDB1
Authors: Cui Guanghui , Fu Xiao , Wang Wentao , Chen Xiaofang , Liu Shuaishuai , Cao Peipei , Zhao Song , Cui Guanghui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs are involved in the tumorigenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aims to investigate whether LINC00476 affects the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells via SETDB1-activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Method: The expression of LINC00476, SETDB1, Wnt1, and β-catenin were determined in NSCLC tumor tissues and the paired adjacent tissues, as well as in NSCLC cell lines and bronchial epithelioid cell lines. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were determined using cell counting kit-8 assay and Transwell assay. The relationship between LINC00476 and SETDB1 was elucidated using RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation, and ubiquitination assays. Result: LINC00476 was significantly downregulated, while SETDB1, Wnt1, and β-catenin were upregulated in NSCLC tumor tissues and cell lines compared to the normal ones. Overexpression of LINC00476 promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells, as well as suppressed tumor growth in the mouse xenograft. Meanwhile, overexpression of LINC00476 induced the degradation of SETDB1 via promoting its ubiquitination. The simultaneous overexpression of LINC00476 and SETDB1 negated the inhibition of LINC00476 overexpression on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells. Conclusion: LINC00476 acts as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC via downregulating SETDB1, which provides a novel target in treating NSCLC.
Effect of bendiocarb based (Ficam® 80% WP) Indoor Residual Spraying on feeding patterns of malaria vectors in Burkina Faso, West Africa.
Authors: Aristide HIEN S. , Soma Dieudonné Diloma , Sawadogo Simon Pengwende , Poda Serge Bèwadéyir , Namountougou Moussa , Ouédraogo Georges Anicet , Diabaté Abdoulaye , Dabiré Roch Kounbobr 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Vector control is a key component in malaria prevention strategies in many malaria endemic countries in Africa. In Burkina Faso, malaria transmission is seasonal in most parts of country, so a single round of spraying should provide effective protection against malaria, provided the insecticide remains effective over the entire malaria transmission season. The primary effects of IRS towards curtailing malaria transmission are : i) to reduce the life span of vector mosquitoes and ii) to reduce the density of the vector mosquitoes. Methods : CDC light trap and pyrethrum spray catches were carried out monthly to determine the change in malaria vector indices in sprayed (Diebougou) and unsprayed sites (Dano). The females malaria vectors collected by CDC light trap and PSC were used to determine their blood feeding and sporozoites rate using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and their biting rate and entomological inoculation rateResults: Three species belonging to the Anopheles gambiae complex (Anopheles gambiae s.s., Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles arabiensis) are present throughout the transmission season, but An. gambiae s.s.was the most frequent species of the complex (P =0.0005), comprising 88% of the total collected and the most infected species. Malaria vectors densities were significantly lower in sprayed villages (n=4,303) compared with unsprayed villages (n=12,569) during post-spraying period (P = 0.0012). In addition, mean human biting rate of An. gambiae sl and An. funestus ss were significantly lower in sprayed areas compared to unsprayed areas (P<0.05). Overall, malaria vector transmission risk was significant lower in villages which received IRS (P=0.0001) whatever the malaria vectors species (An. gambiae sl and An. funestus ss).Conclusion: The results showed that in the sprayed area (Diebougou), vector densities, human biting rates and malaria transmission risks were very lower than unsprayed areas (Dano). The findings also showed a change in vector behavior especially within An. funestus which became more zoophagic following IRS. The indoor residual spraying could be recommanded as control tool in areas where malaria transmission occured throughout the year.Keywords: Indoor residual spraying, bendiocarb, malaria vectors, mosquito feeding patterns, Burkina Faso.
Metastatic site discriminates survival benefit of primary surgery for differentiated thyroid cancer with distant metastases: A real-world observational study
Authors: DING WU , Ruan Guodong , zhu Jianming , Tu Chuanjian , Li Zhian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Role of surgery in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with distant metastases (DM) remains controversial. We aimed to determine the survival benefit of primary surgery on the basis of metastatic site. Methods: A retrospective cohort study based on the SEER database was conducted to identify DTC patients with DM diagnosed between 2010 and 2016. Patients were divided into surgery and non-surgery group, and propensity score weighting was used to balance clinicopathologic factors between groups. Results: Of 3537 DTC patients with DM, 956 (66.0%) cases were managed with surgery and 493 (34.0%) cases were managed without surgery. There were 798 all-cause deaths and 704 DTC specific deaths over a median follow-up of 22 months. The weighted 3-year overall survival (OS) for the surgery group was 55.2%, compared to 27.8% (P < 0.001) for the non-surgery group. The magnitude of the survival difference with surgery was significantly correlated with metastatic sites (Pinteraction<0.001). Significant survival improvements in surgery group compared with non-surgery group were observed in patients with lung-only metastasis (adjusted HR = 0.45, P < 0.001) , bone-only metastasis (adjusted HR = 0.40, P < 0.001), or liver-only metastasis (adjusted HR = 0.27, P < 0.001), whereas survival no improvement of surgery was found for patients with brain-only metastasis (adjusted HR = 0.57, P = 0.059) or multiply organs distant metastases (adjusted HR = 0.81, P = 0.099). Conclusion: The survival benefit offered by surgery for DTC patients with DM varies by metastatic sites. Decisions for primary surgery of DTC patients with DM should be tailored according to metastatic sites.
A Cohort Study Evaluating the Association Between Concurrent Mental Disorders, Mortality, Morbidity, and Continuous Treatment Retention for Patients in Opioid Agonist Treatment (OAT) Across Ontario, Canada Using Administrative Health Data
Authors: Morin Kristen A. , Eibl Joseph K. , Gauthier Graham , Rush Brian , Mushquash Christopher , Lightfoot Nancy E. , Marsh David C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to the high prevalence of mental disorders among people with opioid use disorder, the objective of this study was to determine the association between concurrent mental disorders, mortality, morbidity and continuous treatment retention in opioid agonist treatment in Ontario, Canada. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients enrolled in opioid agonist treatment between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2016. Patients were stratified into two groups: those diagnosed with concurrent mental disorders and opioid use disorder and those with opioid use disorder only, using data from the Ontario Health Insurance Plan Database, Ontario Drug Benefit Plan Database. The primary outcome studied was all-cause mortality using data from the Registered Persons Database. Emergency Department visits from the National Ambulatory Care Database, hospitalizations Discharge Abstract Database, and continuous retention in treatment, defined as one year of uninterrupted opioid agonist treatment using data from the Ontario Drug Benefit Plan Database, were measured as secondary outcomes. Encrypted patient identifiers were used to link across databases. Results: We identified 55,924 individuals enrolled in opioid agonist treatment, 87% had a concurrent mental disorder diagnosis during this time period. We observed that having a mental disorder was predictive of all-cause mortality (Odds Ratio (OR) 1.4; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.2-1.5, frequent emergency department visits (OR 3.69; 95% CI 3.7-4.1) and hospitalizations (OR 2.6; 95% CI 2.5-2.7). However it was not predictive for one-year treatment retention in OAT OR 1.0; 95% CI 0.9-1.1). Conclusion: Our findings highlight consequences of the high prevalence of mental disorders for individuals with opioid use disorder in Ontario, Canada.
Sexual dimorphism and sex-biased gene expression in an egg parasitoid species, Anastatus disparis
Authors: Liu P.C. , Hao DeJun , Hu Hao-Yuan , Wei Jian-Rong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDifferences in the expression of genes present in both sexes are assumed to contribute to sex differences including behavioural, physiological and morphological dimorphisms. For enriching our knowledge of gender differences in an important egg parasitoid wasp, Anastatus disparis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), sex-biased differences in gene expression were investigated using Illumina-based transcriptomic analysis. ResultsA total of 15812 resulting unigenes were annotated, and a large set of genes accounting for 50.09% of the total showed sex-biased expression and included 630 sex-specific genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses showed that the functional categories associated with sex-biased genes were mainly related to reproduction. In addition, the transcriptome data provided evidence that sex pheromones in A. disparis are produced by the female, and activity of 12-desaturases appear to have been replaced by 9-desaturases playing roles in sex pheromone production. The large set of sex-biased genes identified in this study provide a molecular background for sexually dimorphic traits such as flyability, longevity, and aggression in this species and suggests candidate venom proteins expressed only in females that could be used for biological control.ConclusionsThis study provides comprehensive insight into sexually dimorphic traits of a parasitoid wasp and can inform future research into the molecular mechanisms underlying such traits and the application of parasitoids to the biological control of pest species.