bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzyme Instructed Self‐assembly of Naphthalimide‐dipeptide: Spontaneous Transformation from Nanosphere to Nanotubular Structures that Induces Hydrogelation
Authors: Chakravarthy Rajan Deepan , Mohammed Mohiuddin , Lin Hsin‐Chieh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the structure‐morphology relationships of self‐assembled nanostructures is crucial for developing materials with the desired chemical and biological functions. Here, phosphate‐based naphthalimide (NI) derivatives have been developed for the first time to study the enzyme‐instructed self‐assembly process. Self‐assembly of simple amino acid derivative NI‐Yp resulted in non‐specific amorphous aggregates in the presence of alkaline phosphatase enzyme. On the other hand, NI‐FYp dipeptide forms spherical nanoparticles under aqueous conditions which slowly transformed into partially unzipped nanotubular structures during the enzymatic catalytic process through multiple stages which subsequently resulted in hydrogelation. The self‐assembly is driven by the formation of β‐sheet type structures stabilized by offset aromatic stacking of NI core and hydrogen bonding interactions which is confirmed with PXRD, Congo‐red staining and molecular mechanical calculations. We propose a mechanism for the self‐assembly process based on TEM and spectroscopic data. The nanotubular structures of NI‐FYp precursor exhibited higher cytotoxicity to human breast cancer cells and human cervical cancer cells when compared to the nanofiber structures of the similar Fmoc‐derivative. Overall this study provides a new understanding of the supramolecular self‐assembly of small‐molecular‐weight hydrogelators.
Impact of extent of disease on 1-year healthcare costs in patients who undergo cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for colorectal peritoneal metastases: retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Kooijman B J L , Hentzen J E K R , Hilst C S , Been L B , Ginkel R J , Hemmer P H J , Klaase J M , Kruijff S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
The goal of this retrospective observational study was to determine the impact of the extent of peritoneal disease on 1-year healthcare costs in patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases (PM) who undergo cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS + HIPEC). The extent of peritoneal disease, expressed by the Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI), directly affects the complexity of CRS + HIPEC and ultimately survival outcomes. The impact of the PCI on treatment-related healthcare costs remains unknown.

Methods
Data from patients with colorectal PM who underwent CRS + HIPEC between January 2012 and November 2017 were extracted retrospectively from an institutional database. Patients were divided into four subgroups with PCI scores ranging from 0 to 20. Treatment-related costs up to 1 year after CRS + HIPEC were obtained from the financial department. Differences in costs and survival outcomes were compared using the χ2 test and Kruskal−Wallis H test.

Results
Seventy-three patients were included (PCI 0–5, 22 patients; PCI 6–10, 19 patients; PCI 11–15, 17 patients; PCI 16–20, 15 patients). Median (i.q.r.) costs were significantly increased for the PCI 11–15 and PCI 16–20 groups (€51 029 (42 500–58 575) and €46 548 (35 194–60 533) respectively) compared with those for the PCI 0–5 and PCI 6–10 groups (€33 856 (25 293–42 235) and €39 013 (30 519–51 334) respectively) (P = 0·009).

Conclusion
Treatment-related healthcare costs are significantly increased among patients with extensive tumour burden (PCI score 10 or above) who undergo CRS + HIPEC for the treatment of colorectal PM.
Determination of the immunostimulatory drug—glucosoaminyl‐muramyl‐dipeptide—in human plasma using HPLC–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Moskaleva Natalia E. , Markin Pavel A. , Kuznetsov Roman M. , Andronova Tatiana M. , Appolonova Svetlana A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGMDP (glucosoaminyl‐muramyl‐dipeptide), a synthetic analog of the peptidoglycan fragment of the bacterial cell wall, is an active component of the immunomodulatory drug Licopid. But the pharmacokinetic parameters of GMDP in humans after oral administration have not been investigated yet. The present study aimed at developing and validating a sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the analysis of GMDP in human plasma. The sample was prepared by solid‐phase extraction using Strata‐X 33 μm polymeric reversed‐phase 60 mg/3 mL cartridges Phenomenex (Torrance, CA, USA). The analytes were separated using an Acquity UPLC BEN C18 column, 1.7 μm 2.1 × 50 mm Waters (Milford, USA). GMDP and internal standard growth hormone releasing peptide‐2 (pralmorelin) were ionized in positive electrospray ionization mode and detected in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The developed method was validated within a linear range of 50–3000 pg/mL for GMDP. Accuracy for all analytes, given as the deviation between the nominal and measured concentration and assay variability , ranged from 1.61 to 3.02% and from 0.89 to 1.79%, respectively, for both within‐ and between‐run variabilities. The developed and validated HPLC–MS/MS method was successfully used to obtain the plasma pharmacokinetic profiles of GMDP distribution in human plasma.
Improving timely treatment with a stroke emergency map: The case of northern China
Authors: Zhang Tianli , Zhang Xiaodong , Sun Huisheng , Zhou Feng , Lin Shiqin , Sang Hui , Zheng Nannan , Zhao Ziyi , Shi Jing , Li Weirong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe Chinese stroke emergency map (SEM) was implemented in 2017 to reduce prehospital and hospital delays for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients suitable for intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt‐PA) thrombolysis. However, data on the time delay following the implementation of an SEM in China are limited.MethodsData for suspected stroke patients from the SEM registry center of Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, from August 2017 to July 2019, patients’ characteristics, thrombolysis rate, and functional outcome at 90 days were analyzed.ResultsOne thousand seven hundred and eighty six patients who arrived at hospitals within 4.5 hr of onset were included; 35.9% arrived by emergency medical services (EMSs), and 1,207 (67.6%) of the population received intravenous rt‐PA. As a result of the SEM, the number of patients treated with rt‐PA increased from 63.9% in phase 1 (August 2017 to July 2018) to 70.5% in phase 2 (August 2018 to July 2019). The median onset‐to‐door and onset‐to‐needle times decreased by five minutes (100 [IQR: 62–135] vs. 105 [IQR: 70–145], p = .005) and nine minutes (158 [IQR: 124–197] vs. 167 [IQR: 132–214], p = .001), respectively. Patients in phase 2 achieved greater independent function outcome at 90 days (79.9% vs. 72.1%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.010; 95% confidence interval, 1.444–2.798). The binary logistic regression models revealed that shorter onset‐to‐needle time (OR: 0.994; 95% CI: 0.992–0.997; p < .001) and lower baseline NIHSS scores (OR: 39.120; 95% CI: 23.477–65.188; p < .001 and OR: 18.324; 95% CI: 11.425–29.388; p < .001 and OR: 3.123; 95% CI: 2.044–4.773; p < .001) were significant predictors for the independent function outcome.ConclusionThe implementation of a stroke emergency map is more likely to reduce prehospital delays and improve function outcomes. Future efforts should attempt to increase EMS usage.
Knockdown of DNA‐binding protein A enhances the chemotherapy sensitivity of colorectal cancer via suppressing the Wnt/β‐catenin/Chk1 pathway
Authors: Tong Cong , Qu Kai , Wang Guorong , Liu Ruiting , Duan Baojun , Wang Xiaoqiang , Liu Chang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDNA‐binding protein A (dbpA) is reported to be upregulated in many cancers and associated with tumor progress. The present study aimed to investigate the role of dbpA in 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐resistant and oxaliplatin (L‐OHP)‐resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. We found that 5‐FU and L‐OPH treatment promoted the expression of dbpA. Enhanced dbpA promoted the drug resistance of SW620 cells to 5‐FU and L‐OHP. DbpA knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, and cell cycle arrested in SW620/5‐FU and SW620/L‐OHP cells. Besides, dbpA short hairpin RNA (shRNA) enhanced the cytotoxicity of 5‐FU and L‐OHP to SW620/5‐FU and SW620/L‐OHP cells. Meanwhile, dbpA shRNA inhibited the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway that induced by 5‐FU stimulation in SW620/5‐FU cells. Activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway or overexpression of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) abrogated the promoting effect of dbpA downregulation on 5‐FU sensitivity of CRC cells. Importantly, downregulation of dbpA suppressed tumor growth and promoted CRC cells sensitivity to 5‐FU in vivo. Our study indicated that the knockdown of dbpA enhanced the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5‐FU via Wnt/β‐catenin/Chk1 pathway, and DbpA may be a potential therapeutic target to sensitize drug resistance CRC to 5‐FU and L‐OHP.
Stitching your way to venous hemostasis
Authors: Turi Zoltan G. 
Published: July 2020

Key Points
Venous compression using a purse string suture is a potential alternative to device suture of the venotomy or to the more extensively described Figure of 8 closure technique.
The technique is likely to prove cost effective although the optimal methodology and overall risk remain to be determined.
A general comment regarding the common femoral vein: it is a fragile structure. All venous closure techniques require special care not to obstruct, lacerate or sever the vein and operators should be vigilant for both bleeding and thrombosis.
Intervention in coronary bifurcation lesions: Staying on top of the proximal optimization technique (POT)
Authors: Seth Ashok , Singh Vivudh Pratap 
Published: July 2020

Key Points
Proximal optimization technique (POT) restores the stent to the fractal geometry of coronary bifurcations and is the final step when using two‐stent strategy.
Optimal positioning of balloon during final POT is vital to achieve best results without side branch compromise.
In vitro studies provide valuable insights to define procedural strategies and help achieve best outcomes for coronary bifurcation lesions.
Transcatheter versus surgical aortic valve replacement in the digital era: Meta‐analysis based on the reconstruction of time‐to‐event individual patient data
Authors: Tarantini Giuseppe , Giacoppo Daniele 
Published: July 2020

Key Points
Clinical benefits of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) over surgery emerge soon after intervention and show durable, consistent trends within 1 year.
TAVR by transfemoral access is associated with improved outcomes compared with TAVR by transthoracic access.
Reconstructing time‐to‐event individual patient data is advantageous and allows higher flexibility in terms of meta‐analysis design and modeling of data.
True caring is protecting who is at your side
Authors: Aranzulla Tiziana Claudia , Musumeci Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

Key Points
The modified jailed balloon technique (MJBT) is a safe and effective tool for preserving immediate and long‐term side branch (SB) patency when treating true bifurcation lesions.
This technique could be routinely implemented, or selectively chosen when the risk of SB occlusion is high and a two‐stent technique is not desirable.
A randomized study comparing provisional stenting with the MJBT versus systematic two‐stent strategy for the treatment of true bifurcation lesions is warranted.
Ticagrelor monotherapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for bifurcation lesions
Authors: Piccolo Raffaele , Esposito Giovanni 
Published: July 2020

Key Points
Ticagrelor monotherapy after a short course of aspirin is emerging as the predominant aspirin‐free strategy among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
In patients included in the GLOBAL‐LEADERS trial, the treatment effect of the experimental (dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and ticagrelor for 1 month followed by ticagrelor monotherapy) versus control strategy remained consistent irrespective of the presence or absence of coronary bifurcation.
Ticagrelor monotherapy represents a safe and effective antiplatelet strategy for the treatment of patients who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention of bifurcation lesions.
Peripheral vascular disease in women: Are we analyzing the costs correctly?
Authors: Back Steven H. , Gray William A. 
Published: July 2020

Key Points
Women treated with a peripheral vascular intervention, on average, have more comorbidities and cost more per hospital admission than women treated with a percutaneous coronary intervention.
The impact of critical limb ischemia on these results is likely significant, but not available in these data.
Physicians need to be more aware of the differences in the risks and manifestations of cardiovascular disease in women.
Effective removal of solar lentigines by combination of pre– And post–fluorescent light energy treatment with picosecond laser treatment
Authors: Scarcella Giuseppe , Gerber Peter Arne , Edge Deirdre , Nielsen Michael Canova Engelbrecht 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present a novel treatment for removal of SL that is efficient and enables removal or lesions not immediately visible. Kleresca® FLE technology combined with picosecond laser treatment removes SL lesions and improves skin quality and appearance.
Pd/Lewis Acid Synergy in Macroporous Pd@Na‐ZSM‐5 for Enhancing Selective Conversion of Biomass
Authors: Liu Jia‐Wen , Wu Si‐Ming , Wang Li‐Ying , Tian Ge , Qin Yuan , Wu Jing‐Xian , Zhao Xiao‐Fang , Zhang Yan‐Xiang , Chang Gang‐Gang , Wu Lu , Zhang Yue‐Xing , Li Zhao‐Fei , Guo Cheng‐Yu , Janiak Christoph , Lenaerts Silvia , Yang Xiao‐Yu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPd nanometal particles encapsulated in macroporous Na‐ZSM‐5 with only Lewis acid sites have been successfully synthesized by a steam‐thermal approach. The synergistic effect of Pd and Lewis acid sites have been investigated for significant enhancement of the catalytic selectivity towards furfural alcohol in furfural hydroconversion.
Addressing the Structural Complexity of Fluorinated Glucose Analogues: Insight into Lipophilicities and Solvation Effects
Authors: St‐Gelais Jacob , Côté Émilie , Lainé Danny , Johnson Paul A. , Giguère Denis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, we synthesized all mono‐, di‐, and trifluorinated glucopyranose analogues at positions C‐2, C‐3, C‐4, and C‐6. This systematic investigation allowed us to perform direct comparison of 19F resonances of fluorinated glucose analogues and also to determine their lipophilicities. Compounds with a fluorine atom at C‐6 are usually the most hydrophilic, whereas those with vicinal polyfluorinated motifs are the most lipophilic. Finally, the solvation energies of fluorinated glucose analogues were assessed for the first time by using density functional theory. This method allowed the log P prediction of fluoroglucose analogues, which was comparable to the C log P values obtained from various web‐based programs.
Synthesis of Antiviral Perfluoroalkyl Derivatives of Teicoplanin and Vancomycin
Authors: Bereczki Ilona , Csávás Magdolna , Szűcs Zsolt , Rőth Erzsébet , Batta Gyula , Ostorházi Eszter , Naesens Lieve , Borbás Anikó , Herczegh Pál 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe limited scope of antiviral drugs and increasing problem of antiviral drug resistance represent a global health threat. Glycopeptide antibiotics and their lipophilic derivatives have emerged as relevant inhibitors of diverse viruses. Herein, we describe a new strategy for the synthesis of dual hydrophobic and lipophobic derivatives of glycopeptides to produce selective antiviral agents without membrane‐disrupting activity. Perfluorobutyl and perfluorooctyl moieties were attached through linkers of different length to azido derivatives of vancomycin aglycone and teicoplanin pseudoaglycone, and the new derivatives were evaluated against a diverse panel of viruses. The teicoplanin derivatives displayed strong anti‐influenza virus activity at nontoxic concentrations. Some of the perfluoroalkylated glycopeptides were also active against a few other viruses such as herpes simplex virus or coronavirus. These data encourage further exploration of glycopeptide analogues for broad antiviral application.
MXene Ti3C2Tx Modulator for Robust Generation of Soliton Molecules
Authors: Wang Chong , Wu Ziyan , Li Xiaohui , Feng Jiangjiang , Luo Wenfeng , Ge Yanqi , Qu Mengjia , Jing Lirong , Shu Tikang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn recent years, two‐dimensional materials have been widely used in the field of optics due to their unique nonlinear optical properties, broadband saturation absorption and ultrafast recovery time. MXene Ti3C2Tx is a kind of emerging two‐dimensional materials with large modulation depth, high damage threshold, and excellent electrical conductivity with near zero bandgap structure. However, MXene has seldom been applied in ultrafast photonics, especially the generation of ultrastable soliton molecules. In this paper, MXene is prepared and applied in the erbium‐doped fiber laser. The nonlinear optical properties of MXene Ti3C2Tx are studied experimentally. The center wavelength, 3‐dB bandwidth, fundamental frequency and the pulse duration of the conventional soliton are 1566.1 nm, 1.21 nm, 6.09 MHz and 993 fs, respectively. By adjusting the polarization state and pump power, the soliton molecules can be obtained in the laser cavity. Especially, two kinds of soliton molecules with CW peak and without CW peak are observed, respectively. Experimental results show that MXene saturable absorber (SA) can bear a high pump power. This work demonstrates that MXene Ti3C2Tx can be used as an excellent SA. Hence, we believe that this kind of optical material has many applications such as optical communication, optical logic gates and nonlinear devices, etc.
Phototaxis Motion Behavior of a Self‐propelled Submarine‐like Water Droplet Robot in Oil Solvent
Authors: Sun Daxing , Zhou Dekai , Gao Yuan , Yue Honger , Wang Wuyi , Ma Xing , Li Longqiu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractControllable self‐propelled droplet robots show great potential to be used as carriers, sensors and actuators in biological medicine and oil exploration. Current research mainly focuses on studying oil droplet robots floating in water phase which has limited application. Different from the previous robots, a light‐driven self‐propelled water‐phase droplet micro robot, which is doped with Fe2O3 nanoparticles, moving in oil solvent is proposed. Unlike light‐driven oil droplets, the water drop robot is constantly diving towards the light source like a submarine moving in oil environment under blue laser irradiation. Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the water/oil interface behavior and the motion mechanism of micro robots. It is found that a photocatalytic Fenton reaction occurs on the irradiated Fe2O3 nanoparticles of water droplet robot, which causes uneven ion concentration to change the interfacial tension distribution of the water drop generating Marangoni flow. In addition to phototaxis behavior, further experiments confirmed that multiple water droplet micro robots show collective behavior under the control of surface light source. The proposed water droplet micro robot provides new possibilities for the development of targeted drug delivery, oil‐water separation as well as oil pollution treatment.
Bovine Serum Albumin Catalysed Hydrogen and Deuterium Evolution at Mercury Electrodes
Authors: Dorčák Vlastimil , Černocká Hana , Paleček Emil 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), catalysed by proteins at mercury electrodes and reflected in chronopotentiometric stripping peak H, provides a label‐free and reagentless analytical technique that is sensitive to protein structure. Here we show how the kinetic isotope effect affected the HER catalysed by the protein bovine serum albumin (BSA). We found that the deuteron bond, which is stronger than that of a proton, contributed to less effective transport of deuterons mediated by BSA at the Hg|D2O interface, and enhanced structural stability of the surface‐attached native BSA in D2O solution. A structural transition was also observed in the surface‐attached urea‐denatured BSA, and is probably due to the destabilisation of some secondary structural remnants retained by the 17 SS‐bonds. Because the catalytically active groups involved in proton or deuteron transfer in native proteins are often exposed towards solutions and their protons exchange almost instantly, no signs of H/D exchange were observed in native BSA using peak H under the given conditions.
Induced CO2 Electroreduction to Formic Acid on Metal−Organic Frameworks via Node Doping
Authors: Geng Wenhao , Chen Wei , Li Guihua , Dong Xiao , Song Yanfang , Wei Wei , Sun Yuhan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMetal−organic frameworks (MOFs), combining the advantages of heterogeneous and homogeneous components, have been explored as catalytic materials for the CO2 electroreduction reaction (CO2ERR). However, the unmatched metal nodes result in MOFs having lower faradaic efficiencies (FEs) and limited current densities in CO2ERR. Herein, we report a general strategy to promote activities of MOFs via node doping in CO2ERR. With ion exchange, an active tin node was doped into zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) to facilitate the reduction kinetics of CO2. The divalent Sn2+ node accelerates the formation of formic acid (HCOOH), resulting in the highest HCOOH FE of 74 % and total current density (Jtotal) of 27 mA/cm2 at −1.1 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) over 0.6 wt% Sn‐doped ZIF‐8 with stable catalytic performance after seven reuse cycles, which is clearly better compared to the catalytic properties of pristine ZIF‐8 (FEHCOOH=0 %, Jtotal=13 mA/cm2). This work opens an avenue for promoting the CO2ERR performance of MOFs by node doping.
Increased inflammasome activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Pahwa Roma , Singh Anand , Adams‐Huet Beverley , Devaraj Sridevi , Jialal Ishwarlal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsThe metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an inflammatory disorder associated with an increased risk for diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Studies in patients and animal models of obesity and diabetes have shown increased NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLPR3) inflammasome activity. However, there is scanty data on the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome in patients with nascent MetS. The aim of this study was to determine the status of the inflammasome in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of patients with nascent MetS without concomitant diabetes, ASCVD and smoking.Materials and MethodsPatients with nascent MetS and controls were recruited from Sacramento County. Fasting blood samples were collected for biomediators of inflammation and SAT was obtained by biopsy for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for caspase 1, IL‐1β and IL‐18.ResultsCaspase1, a marker of inflammasome activity and its downstream mediators IL‐1β and IL‐18 were significantly increased in SAT of patients with MetS compared to controls. Significant positive correlations of caspase 1 were obtained with certain cardio‐metabolic features, biomediators of inflammation and markers of angiogenesis and fibrosis in SAT. Both mast cell and eosinophil abundance but not macrophage density correlated with caspase1.ConclusionsWe make the novel observation that the SAT of patients with nascent MetS displays increased NLRP3 inflammasome activity manifest by increased caspase 1 in SAT and this may contribute to increased insulin resistance, inflammation and SAT fibrosis in these patients.