bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A polarization‐insensitive broadband rasorber with in‐band transmission response
Authors: Sharma Aditi , Saikia Mondeep , Malik Sudha , Ghosh Saptarshi , Srivastava Kumar Vaibhav 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this letter, a polarization‐insensitive broadband rasorber structure with in‐band transmission response has been presented. The proposed structure comprises a periodic arrangement of convoluted cross‐dipole pattern in the top layer and square slot geometry in the bottom layer. Lumped resistors are symmetrically mounted across the top pattern to result in wideband absorption, whereas in‐band transmission is obtained by careful design of the square slot in the bottom layer. The overall structure exhibits a broad absorption band (having reflection coefficient below −10 dB) in the range of 2.18 to 9.80 GHz, and the transmission band appears at 6 GHz with an insertion loss of 0.56 dB. The novelty of the proposed design lies in its compact topology, polarization‐insensitivity, angular stability, and in‐band transmission response unlike the existing rasorber structures. Surface current distribution, equivalent circuit model, and several parametric variations have also been illustrated for in‐depth analysis. A sample prototype has been fabricated and the measured results show a good agreement with the simulated responses, under normal as well as oblique incidence.
A numerical algorithm for the nonlinear Timoshenko beam system
Authors: Peradze Jemal , Kalichava Zviad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn initial boundary value problem is considered for the dynamic beam system
urn:x-wiley:num:media:num22475:num22475-math-0001Its solution is found by means of an algorithm, the constituent parts of which are the finite element method, the implicit symmetric difference scheme used to approximate the solution with respect to the spatial and time variables, and also a Picard type iteration process for solving the system of nonlinear equations obtained by discretization. Errors of three parts of the algorithm are estimated and, as a result, its total error estimate is obtained. A numerical example is solved.
Outcomes of pediatric patients with oncologic disease or following hematopoietic stem cell transplant supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: The PEDECOR experience
Authors: Steppan Diana A. , Coleman Ryan D. , Viamonte Heather K. , Hanson Sheila J. , Carroll Megan K. , Klein Orly R. , Cooke Kenneth R. , Spinella Philip C. , Steiner Marie E. , Loftis Laura L. , Bembea Melania M. ,   For the Pediatric ECMO (PediECMO) subgroup of the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network and the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO)
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundOutcomes for patients with oncologic disease and/or after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) requiring intensive care unit admission have improved, but indications for and outcomes after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in this population are poorly characterized.ProcedureWe analyzed data from consecutive patients < 18 years with oncologic disease and/or after HSCT reported to a pediatric ECMO registry by nine pediatric centers in the United States between 2011 and 2018.ResultsWe identified 18 ECMO patients with oncologic disease and/or HSCT, and 415 ECMO controls matched with a propensity score algorithm based on age, gender, race, severity of illness at admission, and reason for ECMO. The primary indication for ECMO was respiratory failure in 66.7% in the oncologic disease and/or HSCT group, and in 70.7% in the matched ECMO control group. Eleven of 18 patients survived to hospital discharge (61.1%), similar to the matched control group (60.8%), P = 0.979. Children with oncologic disease and/or HSCT had lower mean platelet counts during ECMO and received higher volumes of platelets compared with the control group, mean 14.6 mL/kg/day (standard deviations [SD], 9.8) versus mean 9.3 mL/kg/day (SD, 10.4), P = 0.001. Of the 11 surviving children with oncologic disease and/or HSCT, five sustained new neurologic disorders (45.5%) versus 45 of 222 (20.3%) in the control group, P = 0.061. Bleeding complications were similar in the two groups.ConclusionsOutcomes of patients with oncologic disease and/or HSCT supported on ECMO in the current era are not significantly different compared with matched ECMO controls and are improved from previously published reports.
Improved mechanical properties of the graphene oxide modified bamboo‐fiber‐reinforced polypropylene composites
Authors: Wang Qianting , Zhang Yu , Liang Weikang , Wang Jianjie , Chen Youxin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractImproving the interfacial compatibility of plant fibers and polymer matrices still is an ongoing challenge in the application of natural fiber/polymer composites. In this study, the graphene oxide (GO) was grafted onto alkali‐treated bamboo fiber (ABF) surfaces, and then a GO‐ABF/polypropylene (PP) composite was prepared using a mini‐injection molding technique. The chemical properties of the GO‐ABF surface, as well as the mechanical properties of the GO‐ABF/PP composite, were studied systematically. The results showed that the GO sheets were successfully grafted on the surface of ABF, and the hydrogen bond interaction occurred between the GO and the ABF. Compared with the untreated bamboo fiber (UBF)/PP composite, the tensile strength and flexural strength of the 0.1GO‐ABF/PP composite were increased by 12.6% and 23.7%, respectively, due to the enhancement of the interfacial binding force between GO‐ABF and the PP matrix. These results indicate that GO possesses great potential for improving the mechanical properties of GO‐ABF/PP composite. It can provide a reference basis for the feasibility of using GO in the natural fiber/polymer composites.
What we know so far about Coronavirus Disease 2019 in children: A meta‐analysis of 551 laboratory‐confirmed cases
Authors: Zhang Linjie , Peres Tyele G. , Silva Marcus V. F. , Camargos Paulo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo summarize what we know so far about coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) in children.MethodWe searched PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information from 1 January 2020 to 4 May 2020. We selected randomized trials, observational studies, case series or case reports, and research letters of children ages birth to 18 years with laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19. We conducted random‐effects meta‐analyses to calculate the weighted mean prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) or the weighted average means and 95% CI.ResultForty‐six articles reporting 551 cases of COVID‐19 in children (aged 1 day‐17.5 years) were included. Eighty‐seven percent (95% CI: 77%‐95%) of patients had household exposure to COVID‐19. The most common symptoms and signs were fever (53%, 95% CI: 45%‐61%), cough (39%, 95% CI: 30%‐47%), and sore throat/pharyngeal erythema (14%, 95% CI: 4%‐28%); however, 18% (95% CI: 11%‐27%) of cases were asymptomatic. The most common radiographic and computed tomography (CT) findings were patchy consolidations (33%, 95% CI: 23%‐43%) and ground glass opacities (28%, 95% CI: 18%‐39%), but 36% (95% CI: 28%‐45%) of patients had normal CT images. Antiviral agents were given to 74% of patients (95% CI: 52%‐92%). Six patients, all with major underlying medical conditions, needed invasive mechanical ventilation, and one of them died.ConclusionPreviously healthy children with COVID‐19 have mild symptoms. The diagnosis is generally suspected from history of household exposure to COVID‐19 case. Children with COVID‐19 and major underlying condition are more likely to have severe/critical disease and poor prognosis, even death.
Classifying wetland‐related land cover types and habitats using fine‐scale lidar metrics derived from country‐wide Airborne Laser Scanning
Authors: Koma Zsófia , Seijmonsbergen Arie C. , Kissling W. Daniel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMapping 3D vegetation structure in wetlands is important for conservation and monitoring. Openly accessible country‐wide Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) data—using light detection and ranging (lidar) technology—are increasingly becoming available and allow us to quantify 3D vegetation structures at fine resolution and across broad spatial extents. Here, we develop a new, open‐source workflow for classifying wetland‐related land cover types and habitats using fine‐scale lidar metrics derived from country‐wide ALS data. We developed a case study in the Netherlands with a workflow consisting of four routines: (1) pre‐processing of ALS data, (2) calculation of lidar metrics (i.e. 31 features representing cover, 3D shape, vertical variability, horizontal variability and height of vegetation as well as microtopography), (3) assessing feature importance of lidar metrics for classifying wetland habitats, and (4) applying a Random Forest algorithm for mapping and prediction. We used an expert‐based vegetation map for annotation and generated 100, 500 and 1000 annotation points for each class. Using a three‐level hierarchical approach, we differentiated at level 1 planar surfaces (e.g. roads and agricultural fields) from wetland vegetation with 82% mean overall accuracy, using predominantly height and horizontal variability metrics. At level 2, we classified wetland vegetation into four land cover types (forest, grassland, reedbeds, shrubs) with 71% mean overall accuracy, using lidar metrics related to vegetation height and horizontal and vertical variability. At level 3, we differentiated two types of land reed as well as water reed with 78% mean overall accuracy, using predominantly vertical variability metrics. Our results demonstrate that lidar metrics (related to vegetation height, cover, vertical and horizontal variability) derived from country‐wide ALS data can differentiate land cover types and habitats within wetlands at high resolution. Given appropriate annotation data, our workflow can be up‐scaled to a country‐wide extent to allow the comprehensive mapping and monitoring of wetlands at national scales.
Keeping mass tourism destinations sustainable via urban design: The case of Benidorm
Authors: Nolasco‐Cirugeda Almudena , Martí Pablo , Ponce Gabino 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe city of Benidorm is the most renowned mass tourism destination on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. It has been recently acknowledged as a sustainable urban development to support the mass‐tourism industry; however, Benidorm had received strong criticism during many years, mainly because of its striking urban image. The aim of this paper is to showcase the relevant role of sustainable urban design for the development of an effective coastal tourism product. To this end, the specific conditions, facts, and regulations that have led to the current urban design of Benidorm city are presented; and, the key singular urban features of its urban plan contributing to the sustainability of this singular urban model are analyzed. The results suggest that the land occupation strategy, the design of outdoor spaces, and the diverse leisure and accommodation offer, have a favorable impact on the optimization of the city resources, creating a successful tourist destination.
Free‐Standing Crystalline@Amorphous Core–Shell Nanoarrays for Efficient Energy Storage
Authors: Fu Shuting , Chen Jian , Wang Xuxu , He Qiao , Tong Shengfu , Wu Mingmei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStructures comprising high capacity active material are highly desirable in the development of advanced electrodes for energy storage devices. However, the structure degradation of such material still remains a challenge. The construction of amorphous and crystalline heterostructure appears to be a novel and effectual strategy to figure out the problem, owing to the distinct properties of the amorphous protective layer. Herein, crystalline‐Co3O4@amorphous‐TiO2 core–shell nanoarrays directly grown on the carbon cloth substrate are rationally designed to construct the free‐standing electrode. In the unique structure, the 3D porous nanoarrays provide increased availability of electrochemical active sites, and the array with a unique heterostructure of crystalline Co3O4 core and amorphous TiO2 shell exhibits intriguing synergistic properties. Besides, the amorphous TiO2 protective layer shows elastic behavior to mitigate the volume effect of Co3O4. Benefiting from these structural advantages, the as‐prepared free‐standing electrode exhibits superior lithium storage properties, including high coulombic efficiency, outstanding cyclic stability, and rate capability. Pouch cells with high flexibility are also fabricated and show remarkable electrochemical performances, holding great potential for flexible electronic devices in the future.
Dual pH‐Induced Reversible Self‐Assembly of Gold Nanoparticles by Surface Functionalization with Zwitterionic Ligands
Authors: He Huibin , Ostwaldt Jan‐Erik , Hirschhäuser Christoph , Schmuck Carsten , Niemeyer Jochen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe dual pH‐induced reversible self‐assembly (PIRSA) of Au‐nanoparticles (Au NPs) is reported, based on their decoration with the self‐complementary guanidiniocarbonyl pyrrole carboxylate zwitterion (GCPZ). The assembly of such functionalized Au NPs is found at neutral pH, based on supramolecular pairing of the GCPZ groups. The resulting self‐assembled system can be switched back to the disassembled state by addition of base or acid. Two predominant effects that contribute to the dual‐PIRSA of Au NPs are identified, namely the ionic hydrogen bonding between the GCPZ groups, but also a strong hydrophobic effect. The contribution of each interaction is depending on the concentration of GCPZ on NPs, which allows to control the self‐assembly state over a wide range of different water/solvent ratios.
Influence of the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control of Self‐Assembly on the Microstructure Evolution of Silk‐Elastin‐Like Recombinamer Hydrogels
Authors: Ibáñez‐Fonseca Arturo , Orbanic Doriana , Arias Francisco Javier , Alonso Matilde , Zeugolis Dimitrios I. , Rodríguez‐Cabello José Carlos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractComplex recombinant biomaterials that merge the self‐assembling properties of different (poly)peptides provide a powerful tool for the achievement of specific structures, such as hydrogel networks, by tuning the thermodynamics and kinetics of the system through a tailored molecular design. In this work, elastin‐like (EL) and silk‐like (SL) polypeptides are combined to obtain a silk‐elastin‐like recombinamer (SELR) with dual self‐assembly. First, EL domains force the molecule to undergo a phase transition above a precise temperature, which is driven by entropy and occurs very fast. Then, SL motifs interact through the slow formation of β‐sheets, stabilized by H‐bonds, creating an energy barrier that opposes phase separation. Both events lead to the development of a dynamic microstructure that evolves over time (until a pore size of 49.9 ± 12.7 µm) and to a delayed hydrogel formation (obtained after 2.6 h). Eventually, the network is arrested due to an increase in β‐sheet secondary structures (up to 71.8 ± 0.8%) within SL motifs. This gives a high bond strength that prevents the complete segregation of the SELR from water, which results in a fixed metastable microarchitecture. These porous hydrogels are preliminarily tested as biomimetic niches for the isolation of cells in 3D cultures.
CuCo2S4–rGO Microflowers: First‐Principle Calculation and Application in Energy Storage
Authors: Wu Lin , Sun Li , Li Xiaowei , Zhang Qiuyu , Zhang Yuanxing , Gu Jialin , Wang Ke , Zhang Yihe 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper demonstrates the ability of a CuCo2S4–reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite to perform robust electrochemical performances applying to supercapacitors (SCs) and lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The first‐principle calculation based on density functional theory is conducted to study the electronic property of CuCo2O4 and CuCo2S4 and provide a theoretical basis for this work. Then, the 3D spinel‐structured CuCo2O4 and CuCo2S4 microflowers are synthesized and compared as electrodes for both SCs and LIBs. The CuCo2S4 microflowers can provide a larger specific surface area, which enlarges the contact area between the electrode material and the electrolyte and contributes to high‐efficiency electrochemical reactions. The reduced graphene oxides are coated on the CuCo2S4 microflowers, therefore effectively increasing the conductivity, and further absorbing the stress produced in the reaction process. As an electrode of a symmetric supercapacitor, the optimized CuCo2S4–rGO composite exhibits an energy density of 16.07 Wh kg−1 and a maximum power density of 3600 W kg−1. Moreover, the CuCo2S4–rGO composite can also be used as an anode for lithium ion batteries, exhibiting a reversible capacity of 1050 mAh g−1 after 140 cycles at the current density of 200 mA g−1. The galvanostatic intermittence titration techniques also reveal superior Li‐ion diffusion behavior of the CuCo2S4–rGO composite during redox reactions.
Bismuthene Metallurgy: Transformation of Bismuth Particles to Ultrahigh‐Aspect‐Ratio 2D Microsheets
Authors: Beladi‐Mousavi Seyyed Mohsen , Ying Yulong , Plutnar Jan , Pumera Martin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUltrathin bismuth exhibits promising performance for topological insulators due to its narrow band gap and intrinsic strong spin–orbit coupling, as well as for energy‐related applications because of its electronic and mechanical properties. However, large‐scale production of 2D sheets via liquid‐phase exfoliation as an established large‐scale method is restricted by the strong interaction between bismuth layers. Here, a sonication method is utilized to produce ultrahigh‐aspect‐ratio bismuthene microsheets. The studies on the mechanism excludes the exfoliation of the layered bulk bismuth and formation of the microsheets is attributed to the melting of spherical particles (r = 1.5 µm) at a high temperature—generated under the ultrasonic tip—followed by a recrystallization step producing uniformly‐shaped ultrathin microsheets (A = 0.5–2 µm2, t: ≈2 nm). Notably, although the preparation is performed in oxygenated aqueous solution, the sheets are not oxidized, and they are stable under ambient conditions for at least 1 month. The microsheets are used to construct a vapor sensor using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as detection technique. The device is highly selective, and it shows long‐term stability. Overall, this project exhibits a reproducible method for large‐scale preparation of ultrathin bismuthene microsheets in a benign environment, demonstrating opportunities to realize devices based on bismuthene.
Selecting best predictors from large software repositories for highly accurate software effort estimation
Authors: Tariq Sidra , Usman Muhammad , Fong Alvis C.M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAccurate prediction of software effort is important for planning, scheduling, and allocating resources. However, software effort estimation has been a challenging task. Although numerous estimation models have been proposed, few achieve anything close to accurate prediction of software development effort. To achieve optimal results, machine learning techniques have recently been employed for predicting software development effort using relatively large software repositories. However, some issues remain unresolved, and this paper aims to address the following issues. First, feature selection methods often neglected the information rich variables present in the dataset. Second, selection of important features was done through statistical methods, which lack domain knowledge. Third, missing values in the data that significantly influence the prediction outcome was not efficiently handled. Fourth, majority of the literature neglected advanced evaluation measures, which thoroughly evaluate the ability of learning models to produce accurate results. To address the above issues, a machine learning‐based model has been proposed in this paper, which not only allows effective preprocessing of data but also provides highly accurate prediction results with minimum error rate. The purpose is to best identify attributes (predictors) from large software repositories that are most influential in the estimation of effort. In addition, we apply MMRE for better performance analysis.
Optimal preventive maintenance for wind turbines considering the effects of wind speed
Authors: Zheng Rui , Zhou Yifan , Zhang Yingzhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a preventive maintenance policy for wind turbines considering three effects of wind speed: accelerating hazard rate, restricting maintenance implementation, and affecting downtime cost. The effect on the hazard rate is described by a proportional hazards model. The restriction on maintenance actions results in the elongation of maintenance duration. The downtime cost is evaluated based on the power output curve model. Three failure types (i.e., catastrophic failure, critical failure, and minor failure) and multiple maintenance actions (i.e., preventive and corrective replacements, preventive and corrective general repairs, and minimal repair) are integrated into the policy. The objective is to determine the optimal maintenance policy that minimizes the long‐run average cost rate. The optimization problem is formulated and solved in the semi‐Markov decision process (SMDP) framework. A practical example is provided to illustrate the proposed method. The comparison with other policies shows the superiority of the proposed policy as well as the significance of the three effects of wind speed in maintenance decision‐making.
A Large‐Scale Experiment to Evaluate Control of Invasive Muskrats
Authors: Bos Daan , van Loon E. Emiel , Klop Erik , Ydenberg Ron 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTThe muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus) is an invasive species in Europe. The extensive waterways of the Netherlands provide ideal habitat for muskrats, and a large population established itself after arrival in 1941. A control program was put into effect immediately because muskrat burrowing can compromise the integrity of dikes and, hence, poses a significant public safety risk. The current (2015) annual catch of approximately 89,000 individuals is equivalent to approximately 0.30 muskrats/km of waterway, well above the national objective in spite of decades of effort. The control program is expensive (€35 M annually) and contested by animal rights groups. These factors created the need for a careful evaluation of the full range of control possibilities, from ‘no control’ to ‘extermination.’ As part of this, we experimentally evaluated the validity of a previously published correlation (based on historical data) between catch and effort. We raised or lowered removal effort (2013–2016) in a stratified random sample of 117 5‐km × 5‐km ‘atlas squares’ from the national grid. We found that catch‐per‐unit effort (CPUE) decreased after effort was increased, and rose after effort was decreased, by amounts slightly greater than expected based on the correlational data, though confidence intervals enclose zero. As anticipated, CPUE varied consistently and strongly between seasons. The biggest (and unanticipated) effects were those of the catch in the preceding 3 years (‘history’), and surrounding area (‘neighborhood’). Our experiment confirms estimates of intensity of control required to lower muskrat populations. These results will help with more effective allocation of control effort, and better‐informed evaluation of the economic costs of various control options. © 2020 The Authors. Wildlife Society Bulletin published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.