bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinctive Gene and Protein Characteristics of Extremely PiezophilicColwellia
Authors: Peoples Logan M. , Kyaw Than S. , Ugalde Juan A. , Mullane Kelli K. , Chastain Roger A. , Yayanos A. Aristides , Kusube Masataka , Methé Barbara A. , Bartlett Douglas H. 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundThe deep ocean is characterized by low temperatures, high hydrostatic pressures, and low concentrations of organic matter. While these conditions likely select for distinct genomic characteristics within prokaryotes, the attributes facilitating adaptation to the deep ocean are relatively unexplored. In this study, we compared the genomes of seven strains within the genusColwellia, including some of the most piezophilic microbes known, to identify genomic features that enable life in the deep sea.ResultsSignificant differences were found to exist between piezophilic and non-piezophilic strains ofColwellia. PiezophilicColwelliahave a more basic and hydrophobic proteome. The piezophilic abyssal and hadal isolates have more genes involved in replication/recombination/repair, cell wall/membrane biogenesis, and cell motility. The characteristics of respiration, pilus generation, and membrane fluidity adjustment vary between the strains, with operons for anuodehydrogenase and atadpilus only present in the piezophiles. In contrast, the piezosensitive members are unique in having the capacity for dissimilatory nitrite and TMAO reduction. A number of genes exist only within deep-sea adapted species, such as those encoding d-alanine-d-alanine ligase for peptidoglycan formation, alanine dehydrogenase for NADH/NAD+homeostasis, and archaeal methyltransferase for tRNA modification. Many of these piezophile-specific genes are in variable regions of the genome near genomic islands, transposases, and toxin-antitoxin systems.ConclusionsWe identified a number of adaptations that may facilitate deep-sea radiation in members of the genusColwellia,as well as in other piezophilic bacteria. An enrichment in more basic and hydrophobic amino acids could help piezophiles stabilize and limit water intrusion into proteins as a result of high pressure. Variations in genes associated with the membrane, including those involved in unsaturated fatty acid production and respiration, indicate that membrane-based adaptations are critical for coping with high pressure. The presence of many piezophile-specific genes near genomic islands highlights that adaptation to the deep ocean may be facilitated by horizontal gene transfer through transposases or other mobile elements. Some of these genes are amenable to further study in genetically tractable piezophilic and piezotolerant deep-sea microorganisms.
PsiCLIP reveals dynamic RNA binding by DEAH-box helicases before and after exon ligation
Authors: Strittmatter Lisa M. , Capitanchik Charlotte , Newman Andrew J. , Hallegger Martina , Norman Christine M. , Fica Sebastian M. , Oubridge Chris , Luscombe Nicholas M. , Ule Jernej , Nagai Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEight RNA helicases remodel the spliceosome to effect pre-mRNA splicing but their mechanism of action remains poorly understood. We have developed “purified spliceosome iCLIP” (psiCLIP) to define helicase-RNA contacts in specific spliceosomal states. psiCLIP reveals previously unappreciated dynamics of spliceosomal helicases. The binding profile of the helicase Prp16 is influenced by the distance between the branch-point and 3’ splice site, while Prp22 binds diffusely on the intron before exon ligation but switches to more narrow binding downstream of the exon junction after exon ligation. Notably, depletion of the exon-ligation factor Prp18 destabilizes Prp22 binding to the pre-mRNA, demonstrating that psiCLIP can be used to study the relationships between helicases and auxiliary splicing factors. Thus, psiCLIP is sensitive to spliceosome dynamics and complements the insights from structural and imaging studies by providing crucial positional information on helicase-RNA contacts during spliceosomal remodeling.
Alzheimer’s disease brain-derived tau-containing extracellular vesicles: Pathobiology and GABAergic neuronal transmission
Authors: Ruan Zhi , Pathak Dhruba , Kalavai Srinidhi Venkatesan , Yoshii-Kitahara Asuka , Muraoka Satoshi , Takamatsu-Yukawa Kayo , Bhatt Nemil , Hu Jianqiao , Wang Yuzhi , Hersh Samuel , Gorantla Santhi , Kayed Rakez , Gendelman Howard E. , Ikezu Seiko , Luebke Jennifer I. , Ikezu Tsuneya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) propagate tau pathology for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). How EV transmission influences AD are, nonetheless, poorly understood. To these ends, the physicochemical and molecular structure-function relationships of human brain-derived EVs, from AD and prodromal AD (pAD), were compared to non-demented controls (CTRL). AD EVs were shown to be significantly enriched in epitope-specific tau oligomers versus pAD or CTRL EVs assayed by dot-blot and atomic force microscopy tests. AD EVs were efficiently internalized by murine cortical neurons and transferred tau with higher aggregation potency than pAD and CTRL EVs. Strikingly, inoculation of tau-containing AD EVs into the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus induced tau propagation throughout the hippocampus. This was seen in 22 months-old C57BL/6 mice at 4.5 months post-injection by semiquantitative brain-wide immunohistochemistry tests with multiple anti-phospho-tau (p-tau) antibodies. Inoculation of the equal amount of tau from CTRL EVs or as oligomer or fibril-enriched fraction from the same AD donor showed little propagation. AD EVs induced tau accumulation in the hippocampus as oligomers or sarkosyl-insoluble proteins. Unexpectedly, p-tau cells were mostly GAD67+ GABAergic neurons and to a lesser extent, GluR2/3+ excitatory mossy cells, showing preferential EV-mediated GABAergic neuronal tau propagation. Whole-cell patch clamp recording of Cornu Ammonis (CA1) pyramidal cells showed significant reduction in the amplitude of spontaneous inhibitory post-synaptic currents. This was accompanied by reductions in c-fos+ GAD67+GABAergic neurons and GAD67+ GABAergic neuronal puncta surrounding pyramidal neurons in the CA1 region confirming reduced interneuronal projections. Our study posits a novel tau-associated pathological mechanism for brain-derived EVs.
Two antagonistic effect genes mediate separation of sexes in a fully dioecious plant
Authors: Xue Liangjiao , Wu Huaitong , Chen Yingnan , Li Xiaoping , Hou Jing , Lu Jing , Wei Suyun , Dai Xiaogang , Olson Matthew S. , Liu Jianquan , Wang Mingxiu , Charlesworth Deborah , Yin Tongming 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPlant sex determining systems and sex chromosomes are often evolutionarily young. Here, we present the early stage of sex chromosome in a fully dioecious plant,P. deltoides, by determining separate sequences of the physically small X- and Y-linked regions. Intriguingly, two Y genes are absent from the X counterpart. One gene represses female structures by producing siRNAs that block expression of a gene necessary for development of female structures, via RNA-directed DNA methylation and siRNA-guided mRNA cleavage. The other gene generates long non-coding RNA transcripts that, in males, soak up miRNAs that specifically inhibit androecium development. Transformation experiments inArabidopsis thalianashow that the two genes affect gynoecium and androecium development independently and antagonistically. Sex determination in the poplar therefore has the properties proposed for the first steps in the evolution of dioecy in flowering plants, with two genes whose joint effects favor close linkage, as is observed in poplar.
A novel neural stem cell-derived immunocompetent mouse model of glioblastoma for preclinical studies
Authors: Costa Barbara , Fletcher Michael , Boskovic Pavle , Ivanova Ekaterina L. , Eisemann Tanja , Lohr Sabrina , Bunse Lukas , Löwer Martin , Burchard Stefanie , Korshunov Andrey , Liu Hai-Kun , Platten Michael , Radlwimmer Bernhard , Angel Peter , Peterziel Heike 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGlioblastomas are the most lethal tumors affecting the central nervous system in adults. Simple and inexpensive syngeneicin vivomodels that closely mirror human glioblastoma, including interactions between tumor and immune cells, are urgently needed for deciphering glioma biology and developing more effective treatments. Here, we generated glioblastoma cell lines by repeatedin-vivopassaging of cells isolated from a neural stem cell-specific Pten/p53 double-knockout genetic mouse brain tumor model. Transcriptome and genome analyses of the cell lines revealed molecular heterogeneity comparable to that observed in human glioblastoma. Upon orthotopic transplantation into syngeneic hosts they formed high-grade gliomas that faithfully recapitulated the histopathological features, invasiveness and myeloid cell infiltration characteristic of human glioblastoma. These features make our cell lines unique and useful tools to study multiple aspects of glioblastoma pathomechanism and test novel treatments, especially immunotherapies in syngeneic preclinical models.
Asymmetric chromosome segregation and cell division in DNA damage-induced bacterial filaments
Authors: Raghunathan Suchitha , Chimthanawala Afroze , Krishna Sandeep , Vecchiarelli Anthony G. , Badrinarayanan Anjana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFaithful propagation of life requires coordination of DNA replication and segregation with cell growth and division. In bacteria, this results in cell size homeostasis and periodicity in replication and division. The situation is perturbed under stress such as DNA damage, which induces filamentation as cell cycle progression is blocked to allow for repair. Mechanisms that release this morphological state for re-entry into wild type growth are unclear. Here we show that damage recovery is mediated via asymmetric division ofEscherichia colifilaments, producing short daughter cells with wild type size and growth dynamics. Division restoration at this polar site is governed by coordinated action of divisome positioning by the Min system and modulation of division licensing by theterminusregion of the chromosome, with MatP playing a central role in this process. Collectively, our study highlights a key role for concurrency between chromosome (and specificallyterminus)segregation and cell division in daughter cell size maintenance during filamentous divisions and suggests a central function for asymmetric division in mediating cellular recovery from a stressed state.
A measurement method of free-form tube based on multi-view vision for industrial assembly
Authors: Wu Tianyi , Liu Jian Hua , Liu Shaoli , Jin Peng , Huang Hao , Liu Wei 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to solve the problem of free-form tubes’ machining errors which are caused by their complex geometries and material properties.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors propose a multi-view vision-based method for measuring free-form tubes. The authors apply photogrammetry theory to construct the initial model and then optimize the model using an energy function. The energy function is based on the features of the image of the tube. Solving the energy function allows to use the gray features of the images to reconstruct centerline point clouds and thus obtain the pertinent geometric parameters.

Findings
According to the experiments, the measurement process takes less than 2 min and the precision of the proposed system is 0.2 mm. The authors used simple operations to carry out the measurements, and the process is fully automatic.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a method for measuring free-form tubes based on multi-view vision, which has not been attempted to the best of authors’ knowledge. This method differs from traditional multi-view vision measurement methods, because it does not rely on the data of the design model of the tube. The application of the energy function also avoids the problem of matching corresponding points and thus simplifying the calculation and improving its stability.
Development of low glycemic index crackers from water chestnut and barley flour
Authors: Hussain Syed Zameer , Beigh Mushtaq , Qadri Tahiya , Ahmad Imtiyaz , Naseer Bazila 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe purpose of the present study was to develop low Glycemic Index (GI) crackers from water chestnut flour (WCF) and barley flour (BF).Design/methodology/approachFive blends were prepared by mixing WCF with BF in the proportion of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70 and 0:100, respectively. The baking process as well as ingredients were modified for the production of low GI crackers.FindingsBF incorporation had significant (p < 0.05) effect on physical characteristics, organoleptic attributes and glycemic response of crackers. The resistant starch content of final product was found to be higher than WCF and BF. The research confirmed that replacement of 30 percent WCF with BF is feasible for development of low GI crackers with desired sensory attributes. The inference drawn from storage studies was that the developed crackers can be stored safely (with an overall acceptability score of greater than three on a 5-point scale) in metallized polyethylene up to 35 days under refrigerated conditions and 28 days under ambient conditions.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough low GI crackers were developed successfully from WCF and BF in the present study. However, detailed storage studies of such crackers can be done in future so as to perform the tests of type-intensity and temporal dominance of sensation. Also, in view of their low GI, these crops need to be evaluated in future for development of other bakery products like bread, cake, muffins, etc.Practical implicationsWater chestnut and barley despite having good nutritional profile and low GI are still considered as underutilized crops. In the present study, these crops were explored for development of low GI crackers especially for people suffering from diabetes. The outcome of this study will open up a new window in the baking sector to develop low GI crackers viz-a-viz will add value to these crops which will help to provide remunerative returns to those who are directly or indirectly involved in trade of these underutilized crops.Originality/valueThis was the first reported innovative attempt to develop low GI crackers from WCF and BF. For development of crackers having desired sensory characteristics, it was found feasible to blend WCF and BF in the ratio of 70:30.
Natural convection of a nanofluid-filled circular enclosure partially saturated with a porous medium using ISPH method
Authors: Aly Abdelraheem M. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to simulate the natural convection of a heated square shape embedded in a circular enclosure filled with nanofluid using an incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) method.

Design/methodology/approach
In the ISPH method, the evaluated pressure was stabilized by using a modified source term in solving the pressure Poisson equation. The divergence of the velocity was corrected, and the dummy particles were used to treat the rigid boundary. Dummy wall particles were initially settled in outer layers of the circular enclosure for preventing particle penetration and reducing the error of truncated kernel. The circular enclosure was partially filled with a porous medium near to the outer region. The single-phase model was used for the nanofluid, and the Brinkman–Forchheimer-extended Darcy model was used for the porous medium. Dummy wall particles were initially settled in outer layers of circular enclosure for preventing particle penetration and reducing error from the truncated kernel on the boundary.

Findings
The length of the inner square shape plays an important role in enhancing the heat transfer and reducing the fluid flow inside a circular enclosure. The porous layer represents a resistance force for the fluid flow and heat transfer, and, consequently, the velocity field and temperature distributions are reduced at the outer region of the circular cylinder. Then, the radius of the inner square shape, Darcy parameter and radius of the porous layer were considered the main factors for controlling the fluid flow and heat transfer inside a circular enclosure. The average Nusselt number decreases as the inner square length, radius of the porous layer and solid volume fraction increase.

Originality/value
The stabilized ISPH method is corrected for simulating the natural convection from an inner hot square inside a nanofluid-filled circular enclosure saturated with a partial layer of a porous medium.
Does advertising really work?
Authors: Wu Keke , Yu Yan , Dong Dayong 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of advertising on investor behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use a novel and direct measure of investor attention: the number of investors whose watch lists has the stock.

Findings
The authors find that beyond its direct effect through information dissemination, advertising has an indirect effect with regard to grabbing investor attention and the trading response. The authors further find that an increase in attention induces a positive influence on the impact of advertising on investor behavior.

Originality/value
First, it complements studies of home bias, in which investors are more likely to buy familiar stocks. Second, it also complements the literature on advertising and investor attention and on attention and capital markets. Third, with a new and unambiguous measure of investor attention. Fourth, combining the direct and indirect aspects, this study presents a detailed description of the financial market effect of advertising.
Determinants of homeownership in Europe – an empirical analysis based on SHARE
Authors: Garcia Maria Teresa Medeiros , Figueira Rafael 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants of homeownership in Europe.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, a logit model that predicts whether an individual is a homeowner or not was estimated. Wave 6 (2015) from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe was used, through a sample of 46,003 respondents across all Europe and through four subsamples (Eastern, Southern, Northern and Western Europe).

Findings
The findings reveal that several factors influence homeownership, namely, geographic location, age, gender, number of children, marital status, job situation, household income, high education, years of education, political orientation and holding bonds, stocks, mutual funds, bank accounts, saving accounts, individual retirement account or life insurance. Different results were obtained when the four subsamples were considered.

Research limitations/implications
The research findings provide an attempt to disentangle the main factors influencing homeownership. However, only individuals above 50 years of age were considered because of the database characteristics.

Practical implications
This paper provided insights to consider public policies that try to increase homeownership rates.

Social implications
The results put in evidence the likelihood characteristics of a homeowner. Therefore, public policies should address those who do not fulfill those when promoting higher homeownership rates. For example, attention should be given to low and middle-income individuals.

Originality/value
The paper emphasised the characteristics of a homeowner in Europe, contributing to the discussion on this topic among policymakers, practitioners and researchers in Europe.
A transgender girl’s experience: sexual exploitation and systems involvement
Authors: Hammond Ivy , Godoy Sarah , Kelly Mikaela , Bath Eraka 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe available research on specialized interventions for youth experiencing commercial sexual exploitation almost exclusively focuses on the impact and efficacy related to cisgender girls, despite the inclusion of youth who identify as transgender in these programs. This paper aims to present a case study on the experience of a transgender adolescent girl who experienced commercial sexual exploitation and provides a narrative of the multifarious challenges she faced while involved in institutional systems of care.Design/methodology/approachThis paper conducted an in-depth case review of all records on “Jade,” a white adolescent transgender girl who experienced commercial sexual exploitation, from a specialty court program in the juvenile justice system between 2012 and 2016. Her experiences throughout childhood exemplify many of the unique challenges that transgender girls and young women with histories of exploitation or trafficking may encounter within service delivery and socioecological systems. This paper applied concepts adapted from the gender minority stress theoretical model to understand how minority gender identity can shape the experiences and outcomes of the youth impacted by commercial sexual exploitation.FindingsJade’s narrative underscores the interplay of gender-based sexual violence, heteronormative structural barriers, transphobia and their intersectional impact on her experience while receiving specialized care. The intersectional hardships she experienced likely contributed to adverse biopsychosocial outcomes, including high rates of medical and behavioral health diagnoses and expectations of further rejection.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the extraordinary challenges and barriers faced by an often under-recognized and overlooked subset of the youth impacted by commercial sexual exploitation, who may receive services that do not account for their unique needs related to gender expression and identity. This paper exemplifies how internalized stigma along with expectations of further rejection and victimization have implications for clinical and multidisciplinary intervention settings. Jade’s case underscores the need for improved access to supportive services for youth with minority gender identities, including peer community-building opportunities. Finally, this paper identifies a critical gap in US legislation and social policy. This gap contributes to the structural harms faced by transgender and gender-nonconforming youth receiving services during or following experiences of commercial sexual exploitation.
Addressing age stereotyping against older workers in employment
Authors: Bengtsson Lyndsey 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report on an analysis of direct age discrimination cases by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and the UK courts and employment tribunals over an 11-year period. The paper focusses upon age stereotyping towards older workers and analyses whether it is endorsed at the European level and/or national level.

Design/methodology/approach
This research has analysed a sample of 100 employment tribunal judgments concerning direct age discrimination together with 28 CJEU decisions on direct age discrimination.

Findings
This paper highlights that there are a number of cases in which age stereotyping has been endorsed at the CJEU level. By contrast, the UK courts and employment tribunals have adopted a more robust approach.

Research limitations/implications
The main limitation is that it only considers case law from the European Court and the influence on the UK case law, without analysing the eventual decisions of the other EU member states.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the debate with regard to the approach of the CJEU and the UK courts and employment tribunals in tackling age stereotyping and is the first to examine the influence the CJEU decisions has had on the UK jurisprudence over the period studied.