bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/MRI for staging in patients with endometrial cancer
Authors: Tsuyoshi Hideaki , Tsujikawa Tetsuya , Yamada Shizuka , Okazawa Hidehiko , Yoshida Yoshio 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Preoperative accurate assessment of endometrial cancer can assist in the planning of additional surgical options, and in predicting the prognosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of non-contrast PET/MRI with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) for assessment in preoperative staging of endometrial cancer.

Methods
Thirty-six patients with biopsy-proven endometrial cancer underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/MRI, contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) and pelvic dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (ceMRI) for initial staging. The diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI for assessing the extent of the primary tumor (T stage), and 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceCT for assessing nodal (N stage) and distant (M stage) metastasis, was evaluated by two experienced readers. Histopathological and follow-up imaging results were used as the gold standard. The McNemar test was employed for statistical analysis.

Results
Accuracy for T status was 77.8 and 75.0% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI, respectively. Patient-based accuracy for detecting regional nodal and distant metastasis was 91.3 and 81.8% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI, and 87.0 and 81.8% for ceCT. None of these parameters was statistically significant (p > 0.05). Lesion-based sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for detecting regional nodal metastasis were 100, 96.9 and 97.0% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI, and 14.3, 97.6 and 93.3% for ceCT; sensitivity was statistically significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Non-contrast 18F-FDG PET/MRI, which combines the individual advantages of PET and MRI, offers a high diagnostic value equivalent to that of ceMRI for assessment of the primary tumor, and equivalent to that of ceCT for the assessment of nodal and distant metastatic staging, in patients with endometrial cancer. These findings suggest that 18F-FDG PET/MRI might provide an alternative diagnostic strategy to conventional imaging modalities in the preoperative staging of endometrial cancer.
A decision model on the repair and maintenance of shipping containers
Authors: Hoffmann Niclas , Stahlbock Robert , Voß Stefan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe use of shipping containers for the transport of goods has become indispensable and a crucial factor for globalization by providing inexpensive and safe transport opportunities. It is expected that the number of globally operating containers will increase in the near future. Despite a high technical modernisation of the logistic chain, the container still faces a risk of damage at any time and any place within the transport chain. In principle, a container is taken out of service, when a damage is recognized. Different causes of damage exist and various types of damage could occur to the container, ranging from minor to substantial major ones that do not permit the continued proper use of the container. Thus, an individual decision on repair and maintenance (R&M) for each damaged container is necessary. Aside from technical aspects, it has to be decided from an economical perspective whether a repair should be performed. A profound decision should consider various criteria like, e.g., repair costs, lifespan of the container, future yields and possible sales price. Based on a regulatory, practical, and scientific view, this paper proposes a multi-criteria decision model for the economic decision on the R&M of a damaged container. Implemented in Microsoft Excel, this decision model is easily applicable. The user can deduce a first (limited) guidance for dealing with a respective damaged container based on its current state and general market conditions.
Not all that glitters is COVID! Differential diagnosis of FDG-avid interstitial lung disease in low-prevalence regions
Authors: Papa Annalisa , Pozzessere Chiara , Cicone Francesco , Rizzuto Fabiola , Cascini Giuseppe Lucio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is only one of the many possible infectious and non-infectious diseases that may occur with similar imaging features in patients undergoing [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) monitoring, particularly in the most fragile oncologic patients. We briefly summarise some key radiological elements of differential diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases which, in our opinion, could be extremely useful for physicians reporting 18FDG PET/CT scans, not only during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also for their normal routine activity.
The association between waiting time and multidisciplinary pain treatment outcomes in patients with rheumatic conditions
Authors: Deslauriers Simon , Roy Jean-Sébastien , Bernatsky Sasha , Feldman Debbie E. , Pinard Anne Marie , Desmeules François , Fitzcharles Mary-Ann , Perreault Kadija 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Access to multidisciplinary pain treatment facilities (MPTF) is limited by extensive waiting time in many countries. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the impact of waiting time on clinical outcomes, particularly for patients with rheumatic conditions. This study examined the association between waiting time for MPTF and clinical outcomes in patients with rheumatic conditions.

Methods
Data were extracted from the Quebec Pain Registry, a large database of patients who received services in MPTF. The associations between waiting time (classified as < 2 months, 2–6 months and >  6 months) and change in pain interference, pain intensity and health-related quality of life, from the initial visit at the MPTF to the 6-month follow-up, were tested using generalized estimating equations.

Results
A total of 3230 patients with rheumatic conditions (mean age: 55.8 ± 14.0 years; 66% were women) were included in the analysis. Small significant differences in improvement between waiting time groups were revealed, with patients waiting less than 2 months having a larger improvement in all clinical outcomes compared to patients who waited 2–6 months or over 6 months before their initial visit (adjusted time X group effect p ≤ 0.001). Only patients waiting less than 2 months reached a clinically important improvement in pain interference (1.12/10), pain intensity (1.3/10) and physical and mental quality of life (3.9 and 3.7/100).

Conclusions
Longer delays experienced by patients before receiving services in MPTF were associated with statistically significant smaller improvements in pain interference, pain intensity and health-related quality of life; these differences were, however, not clinically significant. Based on these results, we advise that strategies are developed not only to reduce waiting times and mitigate their impacts on patients with rheumatic conditions, but also to improve treatment effectiveness in MPTF.
Skin microbiome of beluga whales: spatial, temporal, and health-related dynamics
Authors: Van Cise Amy M. , Wade Paul R. , Goertz Caroline E. C. , Burek-Huntington Kathy , Parsons Kim M. , Clauss Tonya , Hobbs Roderick C. , Apprill Amy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundHost-specific microbiomes play an important role in individual health and ecology; in marine mammals, epidermal microbiomes may be a protective barrier between the host and its aqueous environment. Understanding these epidermal-associated microbial communities, and their ecological- or health-driven variability, is the first step toward developing health indices for rapid assessment of individual or population health. In Cook Inlet, Alaska, an endangered population of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) numbers fewer than 300 animals and continues to decline, despite more than a decade of conservation effort. Characterizing the epidermal microbiome of this species could provide insight into the ecology and health of this endangered population and allow the development of minimally invasive health indicators based on tissue samples.ResultsWe sequenced the hypervariable IV region of bacterial and archaeal SSU rRNA genes from epidermal tissue samples collected from endangered Cook Inlet beluga whales (n = 33) and the nearest neighboring population in Bristol Bay (n = 39) between 2012 and 2018. We examined the sequences using amplicon sequence variant (ASV)-based analyses, and no ASVs were associated with all individuals, indicating a greater degree of epidermal microbiome variability among beluga whales than in previously studied cetacean species and suggesting the absence of a species-specific core microbiome. Epidermal microbiome composition differed significantly between populations and across sampling years. Comparing the microbiomes of Bristol Bay individuals of known health status revealed 11 ASVs associated with potential pathogens that differed in abundance between healthy individuals and those with skin lesions or dermatitis. Molting and non-molting individuals also differed significantly in microbial diversity and the abundance of potential pathogen-associated ASVs, indicating the importance of molting in maintaining skin health.ConclusionsWe provide novel insights into the dynamics of Alaskan beluga whale epidermal microbial communities. A core epidermal microbiome was not identified across all animals. We characterize microbial dynamics related to population, sampling year and health state including level of skin molting. The results of this study provide a basis for future work to understand the role of the skin microbiome in beluga whale health and to develop health indices for management of the endangered Cook Inlet beluga whales, and cetaceans more broadly.
Influence of architectural heritage on the identity and present-day value of American-designed universities’ campuses in Asia
Authors: Hong Yan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, through case studies of campus architectural heritage, the preservation of architectural heritage on campuses is explored. In addition, the effects of architectural heritage preservation on the identity of campuses are investigated, and the corresponding effects on present-day value and spatial experience are analysed. The case studies involve early campuses planned in East Asia by Henry Murphy, and they feature American designs and building styles.In this study, first, the characteristics of the campuses planned by Henry Murphy are analysed. Next, the characteristics of the preserved architectural heritage at Chosen Christian College are analysed. Finally, with a focus on the preservation of architectural heritage at Shanghai College, the value of architectural heritage and the spatial experience associated with campus development are analysed.Chosen Christian College focused on maintaining the authenticity of buildings, and Shanghai College attempted to consolidate the identity of the campus through maximizing the spatial experience of the architectural heritage group and preserving architectural heritage. Thus, Shanghai College was more influenced by Henry Murphy’s master plan in the development and growth of the campus, and tried to carry on the design concept of the architect and the image of the campus. Conversely, Chosen Christian College was able to retain its original design over nearly a century with the use of all-stone buildings, as Henry Murphy proposed, but no significant trace of the early general plan remains.
Evolution of Esophagectomy for Cancer Over 30 Years: Changes in Presentation, Management and Outcomes
Authors: Griffin S. Michael , Jones Rhys , Kamarajah Sivesh Kathir , Navidi Maziar , Wahed Shajahan , Immanuel Arul , Hayes Nick , Phillips Alexander W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Esophageal cancer has seen a considerable change in management and outcomes over the last 30 years. Historically, the overall prognosis has been regarded as poor; however, the use of multimodal treatment and the integration of enhanced recovery pathways have improved short- and long-term outcomes.

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the changing trends in presentation, management, and outcomes for patients undergoing surgical treatment for esophageal cancer over 30 years from a single-center, high-volume unit in the UK.

Patients and Methods
Data from consecutive patients undergoing esophagectomy for cancer (adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma) between 1989 and 2018 from a single-center, high-volume unit were reviewed. Presentation method, management strategies, and outcomes were evaluated. Patients were grouped into successive 5-year cohorts for comparison and evaluation of changing trends.

Results
Between 1989 and 2018, 1486 patients underwent esophagectomy for cancer. Median age was 65 years (interquartile range [IQR] 59–71) and 1105 (75%) patients were male. Adenocarcinoma constituted 1105 (75%) patients, and overall median survival was 29 months (IQR 15–68). Patient presentation changed, with epigastric discomfort now the most common presentation (70%). An improvement in mortality from 5 to 2% (p < 0.001) was seen over the time period, and overall survival improved from 22 to 56 months (p < 0.001); however, morbidity increased from 54 to 68% (p = 0.004).

Conclusions
Long-term outcomes have significantly improved over the 30-year study period. In addition, mortality and length of stay have improved despite an increase in complications. The reasons for this are multifactorial and include the use of perioperative chemo(radio)therapy, the introduction of an enhanced recovery pathway, and improved patient selection.
Risk evaluation of fetal growth restriction by combined screening in early and mid-pregnancy
Authors: Wang Bo , Zhang Chunhua 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: To assess risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR) by combined screening in early and mid-pregnancy.
Methods: Pregnant women who received prenatal examinations and delivered in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2019 were selected and retrospectively analyzed. All women completed two ultrasonographic examinations during pregnancy, i.e. Down’s screening during early pregnancy (11-13 + 6 weeks) and prenatal color Doppler screening during mid-pregnancy (20-24 weeks). A total of 33 FGR cases were screened out, and there were 1,507 normal pregnant women. The clinical, ultrasonographic and serological indices in early and mid-pregnancy were recorded. When the false positive rate was 5%, logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the influencing factors and predictive values of individual and combined indices for FGR in corresponding gestational weeks. The sensitivity and specificity of the optimal cutoff value of each index as well as the combination of optimal predictive indices were found by the area under ROC curve (AUC).
Results: When the false positive rate was 5% in the single-index screening during early pregnancy, the parity, BPD, AC, HC, and FL had statistical significances. Multivariate analysis showed that the parity and BPD had statistical significances. During mid-pregnancy, univariate analysis revealed that the parity, BMI, BPD, AC, HC, FL, UTA-PI, UTA-RI, UA-PI and UA-RI had statistical significances. BMI, AC, UTA-PI, UTA-RI, UA-PI and UA-RI had statistical significances in multivariate analysis. BMI, UTA-PI and UA-PI were risk factors for FGR, with UTA-PI being most dangerous. AUC for combined screening exceeded those for individual screenings. The best combined screening program was BPD in early pregnancy + BMI + AC + UTA-PI + UTA-RI + UA-PI + UA-RI in mid-pregnancy. The optimal cutoff value was 0.015, with the sensitivity of 83.1% and the specificity of 61.3%.
Conclusion: The predictive efficiency of combined FGR screening in early and mid-pregnancy surpasses that of simple mid-pregnancy screening. It is recommended to use the integrated screening program in early and mid-pregnancy to predict FGR.
doi: https://doi.org/-10.12669/pjms.36.7.1988
How to cite this:Wang B, Zhang C. Risk evaluation of fetal growth restriction by combined screening in early and mid-pregnancy. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1708-1713. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.1988
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Systemic inflammation is negatively associated with early post discharge growth following acute illness among severely malnourished children - a pilot study
Authors: Njunge James M. , Gonzales Gerard Bryan , Ngari Moses M. , Thitiri Johnstone , Bandsma Robert H.J. , Berkley James A. 
Published: October 2020

Background: Rapid growth should occur among children with severe malnutrition (SM) when medically and nutritionally treated. Systemic inflammation (SI) is associated with death among children with SM and is negatively associated with linear growth. However, the relationship between SI and weight gain during therapeutic feeding following acute illness is unknown. We hypothesised that growth in the first 60 days post-hospital discharge is associated with SI among children with SM. Methods: We conducted secondary analysis of data from HIV-uninfected children with SM (n=98) who survived and were not readmitted to hospital during one year of follow up. We examined the relationship between changes in absolute deficits in weight and mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) from enrolment at stabilisation to 60 days later and untargeted plasma proteome, targeted cytokines/chemokines, leptin, and soluble CD14 (sCD14) using multivariate regularized linear regression. Results: The mean change in absolute deficit in weight and MUAC was -0.50kg (standard deviation; SD±0.69) and -1.20cm (SD±0.89), respectively, from enrolment to 60 days later. During the same period, mean weight and MUAC gain was 3.3g/kg/day (SD±2.4) and 0.22mm/day (SD±0.2), respectively. Enrolment inflammatory cytokines interleukin 17 alpha (IL17α), interleukin 2 (IL2), and serum amyloid P (SAP) were negatively associated with weight and MUAC gain. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and complement component 2 were negatively associated with weight gain only. Leptin was positively associated with weight gain. sCD14, beta-2 microglobulin (β2M), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP1β) were negatively associated with MUAC gain only. Conclusions: Early post-hospital discharge weight and MUAC gain were rapid and comparable to children with uncomplicated SM treated with similar diet in the community. Higher concentrations of SI markers were associated with less weight and MUAC gain, suggesting inflammation negatively impacts recovery from wasting. This finding warrants further research on the role of inflammation on growth among children with SM.
Supernumerary Teeth: An overview for the general dental practitioner
Authors: Meade Maurice J 
Published: October 2020

Supernumerary teeth can develop in any location of the mandible or maxilla and may have a significant impact on the developing dentition. This paper reviews the prevalence, aetiology and classification of supernumerary teeth. It also describes their clinical characteristics and management options. A case report involving the interdisciplinary management of delayed eruption of central incisors due to the presence of a supernumerary tooth is outlined.CPD/Clinical Relevance: Timely diagnosis and appropriate management may reduce the potential problems associated with supernumerary teeth. General dental practitioners should be aware of the clinical characteristics and management options related to supernumerary teeth.
Mesenchymal stem cells - a promising strategy for treating knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Jiaqian , Zhou Liang , Zhang Yong , Huang Lixin , Shi Qin 
Published: October 2020

Aims The purpose of our study was to determine whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an effective and safe therapeutic agent for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA), owing to their cartilage regeneration potential. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, with keywords including “knee osteoarthritis” and “mesenchymal stem cells”, up to June 2019. We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that explored the use of MSCs to treat knee OA. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), adverse events, and the whole-organ MRI score (WORMS) were used as the primary evaluation tools in the studies. Our meta-analysis included a subgroup analysis of cell dose and cell source. Results Seven trials evaluating 256 patients were included in the meta-analysis. MSC treatment significantly improved the VAS (mean difference (MD), –13.24; 95% confidence intervals (CIs) –23.28 to –3.20, p = 0.010) and WOMAC (MD, –7.22; 95% CI –12.97 to –1.47, p = 0.010). The low-dose group with less than 30 million cells showed lower p-values for both the VAS and WOMAC. Adipose and umbilical cord–derived stem cells also had lower p-values for pain scores than those derived from bone marrow. Conclusion Overall, MSC-based cell therapy is a relatively safe treatment that holds great potential for OA, evidenced by a positive effect on pain and knee function. Using low-dose (25 million) and adipose-derived stem cells is likely to achieve better results, but further research is needed. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(10):719–728.
Using the Gouy phase anomaly to localize and track bacteria in digital holographic microscopy 4D images
Authors: Gibson True , Bedrossian Manuel , Serabyn Eugene , Lindensmith Chris , Nadeau Jay L. 
Published: October 2020

Described over 100 years ago, the Gouy phase anomaly refers to the
additional

π

phase shift that is accumulated as a
wave passes through focus. It is potentially useful in analyzing any
type of phase-sensitive imaging; in light microscopy, digital
holographic microscopy (DHM) provides phase information in the encoded
hologram. One limitation of DHM is the weak contrast generated by many
biological cells, especially unpigmented bacteria. We demonstrate here
that the Gouy phase anomaly may be detected directly in the phase
image using the z-derivative of the phase, allowing for precise
localization of unlabeled, micrometer-sized bacteria. The use of dyes
that increase phase contrast does not improve detectability. This
approach is less computationally intensive than other procedures such
as deconvolution and is relatively insensitive to reconstruction
parameters. The software is implemented in an open-source FIJI
plug-in.
Zero-guard band dual-SSB PAM4 signal transmission with joint equalization scheme
Authors: Li Jingchi , An Shaohua , Su Yikai 
Published: October 2020

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a joint equalization scheme to recover a zero-guard band dual-single sideband (dual-SSB) four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) signal in a system with moderate bandwidth limitation. In the joint equalization scheme, a multiple-input multiple-output feedforward equalizer (MIMO-FFE) is first used to mitigate the residual crosstalk resulting from non-ideal optical filtering. Then, a modified post filter (PF) is placed after the MIMO-FFE to suppress the MIMO-FFE-enhanced low-frequency noise, whereas the known inter-symbol interference introduced by the modified PF is further eliminated with the maximum likelihood sequence estimation algorithm. Based on the proposed scheme, we experimentally demonstrate a 112-Gb/s zero-guard band dual-SSB PAM4 signal transmission over an 80-km single mode fiber with the averaged bit error ratio of two sidebands below

3.8

×

1

0

−
3

. We also achieve, to the best of our knowledge, a record electrical spectral efficiency of 7.1 b/s/Hz for single polarization direct detection systems using a dual-SSB PAM4 or dual-SSB 16-quadrature amplitude modulation format.