bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized double blind study of a green and black tea agent, AssuriTEA®, in healthy male subjects
Authors: Capodice Jillian , Herrlinger Kelli , Ceddia Michael , Chirouzes Diana , Katz Aaron 
Published: December 2019

Background: Green and black teas have known anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study was a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study of 3 doses of a water-extracted green and black tea agent (AssuriTEA® [AT]). Methods: Subjects who met inclusion criteria were randomized to one of four groups: 1000, 500, or 250 mg AT or placebo for 28 days. At baseline (BL) and day 28, serum antioxidant capacity, quality of life and safety were assessed. Results: Of the 55 subjects screened, 43 were considered evaluable. Age was 56.77 ± 2.83 years (mean ± SEM). Evaluable subjects demonstrated improved antioxidant status, as measured by ferric iron reducing antioxidant power at all doses over the placebo (p < 0.05). There was significant improvement in cellular antioxidant protection in the 1000 mg AT group versus the placebo (p=0.032). Glucose levels were higher in the placebo group versus the 250 mg AT group (p=0.023) and there was a significant improvement in systolic blood pressure in the 250 mg AT group at day 28 versus BL (p=0.048). In the 1000 mg AT group, there was a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure at day 28 versus BL (p=0.017). There was a significant improvement in the vitality category in the 1000 mg AT group (p=0.029). Overall, AT was safe and well tolerated with no differences in adverse events or serum chemistries between groups. Conclusions: Results demonstrate that the administration of AT resulted in improvement of serum antioxidant status, vitality level, blood glucose, and systolic blood pressure in test subjects. Key Words: Green tea, black tea, Camellia sinensis, antioxidant status, blood glucose, systolic blood pressure, and quality of life
Chemopreventive Effects of Magnesium Chloride Supplementation on Hormone Independent Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Quiroz Elsa , Oseni Saheed Oluwasina , Kumi-Diaka James 
Published: December 2019

Background: Lifestyle significantly impacts the risk factors associated with prostate cancer, out of which diet appears to be the most influential. An emerging chemopreventive approach, which involves the adequate intake of dietary constituents, has shown great potential in preventing the occurrence or progression of cancer. Magnesium is known to be an essential cofactor for more than 300 enzymatic processes, and is responsible for the regulation of various cellular reactions in the body. A plethora of studies have shown evidence that changes in the intracellular levels of magnesium could contribute to cell proliferation and apoptosis in some normal and malignant cells. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) in DU-145 prostate cancer cells. Methodology: Cultured DU-145 cells were subjected to graded concentrations or doses (50-500 µM) of MgCl2 for 48 hours. The cell viability was assessed using MTT and Resazurin reduction assays. NBT assay was also used to assess the treatment-induced intracellular ROS levels. Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AcrO/EtBr) and Rh123/EtBr fluorescent stains were used to assess the cell death type and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) respectively. Results: The results revealed a dose-dependent decrease (P < 0.05) in cell viability in treated DU-145 cells after 48 hours. The NBT assay also revealed a dose dependent biphasic response (P < 0.05) in intracellular levels of ROS. There was a drop (P < 0.05) in ROS levels in all groups except at 100 µM, where ROS level was higher than the control. Apoptosis was the primary mode of cell death as observed in the fluorescence analysis. Conclusion: Our finding suggests that MgCl2 may be potentially chemopreventive for prostate cancer. This justifies further studies into its mechanism of action in DU-145 and other prostate cancer cell types. Keywords: Prostate cancer, Magnesium chloride, Chemoprevention, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species.
A drink containing amino acids and chromium picolinate improves postprandial glycemia at breakfast in healthy, overweight subjects
Authors: Ostman Elin , Forslund Anna , Oste Rickard , Bjorck Inger 
Published: December 2019

Background: Chromium (Cr) and certain amino acids (AA) have individually shown to improve postprandial glycemia.Method: The present randomized, controlled, cross-over trial in 19 healthy, overweight subjects (age 51±1y and BMI 27.3±0.3 kg/m2; mean±SEM) evaluated a combination of leucine, isoleucine, valine, lysine and threonine (5AA) with Cr. Postprandial glycemia and insulinemia were measured following a bread meal, served with carbonated water (Ref) or carbonated water containing 5AA, Cr-picolinate (CrPic) or a combination (5AA+CrPic).Results: The 5AA+CrPic and 5AA, respectively, lowered the incremental glucose peak (P< 0.001) by almost 30% compared to Ref. No significant differences in incremental insulin peaks were found but, during the first 15 min, 5AA induced a higher insulin response (+112%; p<0.01) compared to Ref. Interestingly, 5AA+CrPic reduced the initial AA-induced insulin increase by more than 50%, indicating improved insulin economy. Conclusions: These observations suggest that a drink containing both 5AA and CrPic attenuate postprandial glycemia in healthy “at risk” subjects.Keywords: Amino acids, chromium picolinate, postprandial glycemia, insulin economy, drink
Survival rate of Saccharomyces boulardii adapted to a functional freeze-dried yoghurt, related to processing, storage and digestion by experimental Wistar rats
Authors: Martinez-Flores Hector Eduardo , Tranquilino-Rodriguez Eunice , Rodiles-Lopez Jose O. , Zamora-Vega Rafael , Salgado-Garciglia Rafael , Perez-Sanchez Rosa E. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic clinically effective in the prevention and treatment of antibiotic induced diarrhea in both children and adults, Clostridium difficile infections, inflammatory bowel disease, and other gastrointestinal disorders. However, the microorganisms need to survive the gastrointestinal transit and arrive to their action site alive in order to exert their beneficial effects. Microencapsulation is an alternative to improve the viability of probiotic in foods which can also survive in the gastrointestinal conditions. Freeze--drying is a method of dehydration that does not affect nutrients and bioactive compounds, such as probiotics contained in foods. All of them will increase the survival rate of S. boulardii.Purpose of this study: This study focused on formulae freeze-dried yogurt containing inulin, vegetable palm oil, and S. boulardii, both as free cells and in microencapsulated form. Also, theeffect of ampicillin associated S. boulardii.Methods: Yogurts were given to an “in vivo” digestion process, using male Wistar rats. The survival of S. boulardii was subsequently evaluated in colon and feces. For this study, six treatments of four of rats were used: i) control rats ii) rats fed with yogurt containing S. boulardii as free cells, iii) rats fed with yogurt containing S. boulardii in micro-encapsulated form, iv) control rats fed with penicillin, v) rats fed with ampicillin plus yogurt containing S. boulardii as free cells, and vi) rats fed with penicillin plus yogurt containing S. boulardii in micro-encapsulated form.Results: The study demonstrated it was feasible to freeze-dry the S. boulardii and incorporate it into a yogurt made with skim milk, inulin, and unsaturated vegetable oil. The freeze-drying process not affected the survival of the S. boulardii (p<0.05). Microencapsulation increased the survival of S. boulardii on 1.77-Log CFU/g, and the presence of S. boulardii was only detected in colon and feces of those rats which ingested ampicillin, regardless to the formula contained the probiotic.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that freeze-drying maintains the survival of S. boulardii in the evaluated foods and that micro-encapsulation increases the survival of this probiotic. Furthermore, S. boulardii was installed in the gastrointestinal tract when the microbial flora was damaged by ampicillin.Keywords: Yogurt, probiotic, Saccharomyces boulardii, micro-encapsulation, freeze-drying.
Influence of selenium bio-fortification on nutritional compositions, bioactive compounds content and anti-oxidative properties of young ricegrass (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Chomchan Rattanamanee , Siripongvutikorn Sunisa , Puttarak Panupong , Rattanapon Rungtip 
Published: December 2019

Background: Young ricegrass (Oryza sativa L.) can be introduced as one of functional food product since sprouts have been much interested in this era due to their high nutritive values. Bio-fortification of selenium is one strategy to enhance plant bioactivity. However, the level of selenium used is varied among species of plants, hence, the proper level needs to be explored.Objective: To investigate the influence of selenium bio-fortification on nutritional compositions, bioactive compounds content and anti-oxidative properties of young ricegrass.Methods: Sodium selenite ranging 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg Se/L has been hydroponically bio-fortified into ricegrass then grown for 8 d and investigated the changes of growth characteristics, selenium content, accumulation of bioactive compounds and anti-oxidative properties.Results: Results revealed that selenium bio-fortified exogenously increased the accumulation of selenium in ricegrass by 529% at 40 mg Se/L treatment without negatively changes in leaves biomass at the day of harvesting. However, root part weight slightly decreased when increased selenium level. Selenium at concentration of 10 and 20 mg Se/L can stimulate the production of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities in young ricegrass as measured by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and chelating assay. Conversely, higher level of selenium fortification reduced the accumulation of phenolics in ricegrass may due to pro-oxidant expression.Conclusion: Selenium bio-fortification can be used as a useful technique to improve quality of ricegrass plantation. 10 mg Se/L treatment was an ideal to trigger the synthesis of phenolics which exhibited high antioxidant activities. While, 40 mg Se/L treatment was ultimate for the production of Se plant foods.Keywords: Antioxidant activities; Bio-fortification; Ricegrass; Selenium
Efficacy of a novel herbal composition licorice flavonoid oil in subject with metabolic syndrome: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study
Authors: Hosoe Kazunori , Nakagawa Kaku , Ueda Takahiro , Hosoda Masato , Panda Sanjib Kumar , Morikawa Hideyuki , Jha Sandeep 
Published: December 2019

Background: In order to evaluate the effects of licorice flavonoid oil (LFO) on waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile, body fat composition, body weight, body mass index (BMI), and fasting blood glucose in patients with metabolic syndrome, a 12 week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted. Methods: Fifty patients with metabolic syndrome aged between 18-75 years were assigned to either the LFO or placebo group. Abdominal waist circumference, blood pressure, body weight, and BMI were assessed at baseline, week 4, week 8, and week 12. Clinical laboratory examinations, fat composition, and fasting blood glucose level were assessed at baseline (week 0) and final visit (week 12).Results: A total of 50 subjects (25 subjects in each group) completed the 12 week study. Significant changes from baseline were observed in body weight, waist circumference, and BMI in the LFO group compared to the placebo group from week 4 or week 8 onwards. No adverse events were noted throughout the study. Conclusion: The present study suggests that LFO is a promising dietary nutrient for improving metabolic syndrome, particularly through its beneficial effect of reducing body weight, BMI, and possibly the amount of visceral fat. Keywords: licorice flavonoid oil; Glycyrrhiza glabra L.; metabolic syndrome; body mass index
Improving Animal Diets to Increase Relevance to Human Populations
Authors: Hintze Korry J. , Benninghoff Abby D. , Ward Robert E. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Rodent models have been an invaluable resource for biomedical research and have been instrumental for countless advances in our understanding of biology and human disease. However, inherent to using these models is the issue of translatability of research findings to human populations. Some differences between humans and rodents can never be reconciled because of key differences in physiology. However, rodent models have evolved over time through innovations in genetics and standardized animal diets, resulting in reduced variability across experiments. Developing animal diets that more closely emulate what humans eat will help increase the translational fidelity of animal models to human populations. This review will focus on the role of basal laboratory diets for improving animal models. Keywords: laboratory rodent diets, total Western Diet, allometric scaling, nutrient density scaling
Allometric scaling models: history, use, and misuse in translating resveratrol from basic science to human clinical applications
Authors: Smoliga James M. , Blanchard Otis L. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Determination of the first-in-human and pharmacologically active dosage for drugs and nutraceutical compounds is a critical step in study design and product development. Allometric scaling is a form of mathematic modeling commonly used to convert dosages between species. While allometric scaling allows for quick and straightforward conversions between species, it is often misunderstood and misused in translational clinical applications. This is readily demonstrated in the case of resveratrol – a polyphenol which is found in red wine. In the past decade, a considerable amount of research has emerged regarding the health benefits of the resveratrol supplementation. Although data from rodent models suggests that resveratrol can have major effects on cardiometabolic and neurologic health, human clinical trials have had mixed results. While some human clinical trials have yielded encouraging results, a few noteworthy trials have reported that seemingly appropriate allometry-derived dosages of resveratrol did not provide the expected health benefits reported in animal models.Here, we discuss the history of various models within allometry, including their advantages, disadvantages, and nuances from a clinical perspective. This historical information will provide some insight into why dosages recommended from allometric scaling are appropriate in some circumstances and inappropriate in others. We will then demonstrate how allometric models have been utilized to translate dosages of resveratrol from rodent models into the dosages recommended for human clinical trials. Pharmacokinetic data from various human clinical trials will be summarized and compared to data predicted from allometric models. Data from selected human clinical trials will then synthesized to demonstrate the dosage-dependent effects of resveratrol, and provide further insight into the appropriate use of allometric models for selecting resveratrol dosage. Together, this information will promote a greater understanding of the role of allometric scaling in dose selection and provide an explanation for some of the apparent inconsistencies in translational research regarding resveratrol.Keywords: allometric scaling, dose conversion, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, resveratrol
Antioxidant activity and phenolic contents of Ajwa date and their effect on lipo-protein profile
Authors: Khalid Sumaira , Ahmad Dr. Asif , Kaleem Muhammad 
Published: December 2019

Background: Date pits although being rich in phenolic and antioxidant content are neglected part and treated as waste product. Ethanobotanical records indicates potential of ajwa dates pits and flesh having phenolics, antioxidants and some other nutrients.Objective: The study was planned to extract the phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of ajwa date flesh and pits in comparison to local date varieties, in three different solvents with three different concentrations and to observe their effect on high lipo-protein profile of albino mice.Materials and Methods: Three solvents viz. Methanol, Ethanol and Acetone was used at concentration of 70%, 80% and 90% to make nutraceutical extracts. These extracts were characterized for numerous nutritional parameters. Correlation of flavonoid with phenolic, DPPH, and ABTS and other parameters were studied. The above extracted ajwa flesh and pits extracts were then administrated to high cholesterol induced albino mice under three different treatments (10%, 20% and 30%) in four different groups where one group was studied as control.Results: Pits appeared as significantly richest source for total phenols, total flavonoid contents. Such extracts from pits were high in DPPH and ABTS activity as compared to flesh in all date cultivars being highest in ajwa pits (3932.3 mg GAE/100g, 2956.2 mg QEC/100g, 96.3% and 86.2% respectively). In comparative analysis of solvents, 80% ethanol extracted highest antioxidant activity for both DPPH and ABTS assay in all date varieties and their parts. Behavior of solvent for polyphenols (Total phenols and total flavonoids) extraction was highly variable so that a single solvent cannot be recommended for extraction. Highly significant correlation of flavonoids with DPPH was observed in pits part. Phenolic contents positively correlated with flavonoids, DPPH and ABTS. DPPH and ABTS also revealed strongly positive increasing correlation. In PCA analysis phenolic contents, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity showed a closeness in case of pits while showed weak relation in flesh parts. Furthermore, results also depicted that 30% extracts of ajwa pits have higher effect on percent reduction of total protein, total triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-C levels while also significantly increased the percent HDL-C levels in treated albino miceConclusion: The work identifies variability among flesh and pits of ajwa date and local date varieties for their polyphenols contents and antioxidant activity and their health beneficial effect against high Lipo-protein profile that can be used as an active ingredient against different maladies in food products and supplements. Key words: Ajwa, Phenolics, antioxidants, PCA
Leptin, hs-CRP and HOMA-IR in patients with type 2 diabetes: The role of different levels of vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Salehi‍ Salome Sadat , Rabizadeh Soghra , Karimpour Sahar Karimpour Reyhan Reyhan , Mouodi Marjan , Nakhjavani Manouchehr , Esteghamati Alireza , Mirmiranpour Hossein 
Published: December 2019

Background: To evaluate the effects of different levels of vitamin D deficiency on blood glucose, leptin, and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), insulin resistance and their associations.Methods: We quantified serum vitamin D level, hs-CRP, leptin, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels in 25 type-2 diabetic patients with very low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (deficient), ≤15 ng/ml; and 25 age, sex, and body mass index (BMI)-matched type-2 diabetic patients with low serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (insufficient), 16 to 30 ng/ml. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated by a formula based upon values of FBS and insulin concentrations.Results: The mean value of vitamin D levels was 7.67±3.10 in vitamin D deficient group and 23.20±9.97 in vitamin D insufficient group. Patients with vitamin D deficiency had significantly higher FBS, postprandial glucose (PPG) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) as compared to vitamin D insufficient group (p<0.01). We studied correlations of hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, and leptin in both vitamin D insufficient and deficient groups. There were significant positive correlations between leptin with hs-CRP (r = 0.58, p<0.01) and with HOMA-IR (r = 0.49, p<0.05) in vitamin D deficient group; Which these correlations remained significant after multiple adjustment for age, sex, BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure.Conclusion: In conclusion vitamin D deficient diabetic patients had elevated FBS, PPG and HbA1C compared with insufficient ones. The results also could possibly point the effect of vitamin D deficiency level on leptin associations with hs-CRP and insulin resistance.Keywords: Vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, leptin, C reactive protein, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance
Emergent Reconstruction of Laryngeal Penetrating Neck Injury: A Case Report
Authors: Pecolera Ruthlyn , Onofre-Telan Rubiliza 
Published: December 2019

Objective: This paper aims to describe an unconventional surgical procedure performed in a case of penetrating neck injury involving the larynx.
Methods:
Design: Case Report
Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital
Population: One
Results: A 38-year-old man sustained a hacking laceration to the anterior neck that extended into the hypopharyngeal area, transecting the thyroid cartilage. After pre-emptive tracheostomy, the patient was referred to otorhinolaryngology – head and neck surgery due to the extensive hypopharyngeal injury. Neck exploration performed to control bleeders confirmed a Schaefer-Fuhrman Classification Group 3 penetrating neck injury. Anastomotic reconstruction of the hypopharynx, transected thyroid cartilage and strap muscles was attempted using absorbable sutures with post-operative re-establishment of structural continuity and documentation of full bilateral vocal fold mobility. The patient was about to be discharged home with a tracheotomy and nasogastric tube when he suddenly deteriorated and expired on the eighth post-operative day.
Conclusion: Our technique might be utilized in cases where urgent reconstruction of laryngeal structures is considered despite serious damage to the laryngeal skeleton, and may provide a temporary surgical option for similar cases in an emergent setting. However, we cannot recommend it as a routine standard on the basis of one case.
Keywords: larynx; penetrating neck injury; vocal cord; reconstruction, neck exploration
A TRAINING OF SAVING CULTURE FOR OSCAR KINDERGARTEN STUDENT IN SERANG
Authors: Widowati Dewi , Yanuar Fit 
Published: December 2019

Saving is an action that can produce positive results. Through saving, someone can prepare funds for the unexpected, or maybe saving activities used as preparation for the needs that have been previously predicted. Saving should be used as a habit. However, not all people have the habit of saving, it needs to be used as a habit in one's life, for that it needs to be educated since childhood so that saving activities become a habit so that in the end the saving culture is never passed until the child becomes an adult. Age 4-6 years is an important age in human life because the imagination and duplication power of children is very high. Therefore it is necessary to education about "saving culture". If a child has been accustomed to setting aside some of his allowance for savings, it will become a habit when growing up. Based on this, the article titled: A training of saving culture for OSCAR Kindergarten Students in Serang, discusses the importance of saving culture starting early. The technique used in this training is Persuasion Communication with contexts tailored to kindergarten students.