bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WS2 and MoS2 counter electrode materials for dye‐sensitized solar cells
Authors: Rashidi Soheil , Rashidi Sara , Heydari Reza Kavousi , Esmaeili Sajjad , Tran Nhut , Thangi Dan , Wei Wei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBeing confronted with the energy crisis and environmental problems, the exploration of clean and renewable energy materials as well as their devices are urgently demanded. Dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted widespread attention in recent years as potential cost‐effective alternatives to silicon‐based and thin film solar cells. Two‐dimensional (2D) graphene‐like transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as WS2 and MoS2, have showed vast potential as novel energy materials due to their unique physicochemical properties. In this review, we outline the applications of WS2 and MoS2 as counter electrode materials in DSSCs. First, a brief introduction of structures and basic properties of WS2 and MoS2 are presented. Then, we summarize the exciting progress of these two materials for DSSCs. Finally, the prospect and further developments in these exciting fields of TMDs are also suggested.
Registration of ‘S14‐9017GT’ soybean cultivar with high yield, resistance to multiple diseases, and high seed oil content
Authors: Chen P. , Shannon G. , Ali M. L. , Scaboo A. , Crisel M. , Smothers S. , Clubb M. , Selves S. , Vieira C. C. , Mitchum M. G. , Nguyen H. T. , Li Z. , Bond J. , Meinhardt C. , Usovsky M. , Li S. , Mengistu A. , Robbins R. T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract‘S14‐9017GT’ (Reg. no. CV‐536, PI 693755) is a Maturity Group V high‐yielding glyphosate‐tolerant soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] cultivar developed and released in 2017 by the University of Missouri–Fisher Delta Research Center Soybean Breeding Program. S14‐9017GT was developed by conventional breeding from a cross between ‘LD07‐3419’ and ‘S08‐9727RR1’. The parent S08‐9727RR1 is a breeding line that carries the GTS 40‐3‐2 transgene discovered by Monsanto Co. The other parent, LD07‐3419, is a breeding line developed by the University of Illinois soybean breeding program. Before release, S14‐9017GT was tested in 122 environments in Missouri and other southern states from 2015 to 2018 for yield and other agronomic traits. On average, S14‐9017GT yielded 4,314 kg ha−1, which is higher than the mean of all the tests, which was 4,124 kg ha−1. S14‐9017GT seed contains 378 g kg−1 protein and 246 g kg−1 oil on a dry seed weight basis. It exhibits a relative maturity of 5.3, determinate growth habit, white flowers, light tawny pubescence, and tan pod wall. It has yellow seed with intermediate luster and black hila and a seed weight of 14.9 g per 100 seed. Plants of S14‐9017GT are 81 cm tall with resistance to lodging. It is resistant to stem canker, frogeye leaf spot, cyst nematode (races 1, 2, 3, and 5), reniform nematode, peanut root‐knot nematode, and sudden death syndrome and has field tolerance to phytophthora root rot. In addition to its high yield potential, high seed oil content, and broad adaptation across southern states, S14‐9017GT is also a suitable alternative for farmers who want to grow and save seed of glyphosate‐tolerant soybean cultivars.
WMO evaluation of northern hemispheric coldest temperature: −69.6 °C at Klinck, Greenland, 22 December 1991
Authors: Weidner George , King John , Box Jason E. , Colwell Steve , Jones Phil , Lazzara Matthew , Cappelen John , Brunet Manola , Cerveny Randall S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Extremes Evaluation Committee investigated an observation of −69.6 °C by Klinck Automatic Weather Station (AWS) in Greenland on 22 December 1991 as the lowest temperature observed in Greenland, thereby making it the lowest recorded near‐surface air temperature for the Northern and Western Hemispheres and for WMO Region VI. The committee examined the metadata and observations of the station as well as the regional synoptic circulation. The committee concluded that the observation is credible in terms of instrument calibration, monitoring of the station and the synoptic situation. Consequently, the WMO Rapporteur accepted the observation as the officially lowest observed near‐surface air temperature for Greenland, the Northern and Western Hemisphere and for WMO Region VI. As a supplement to this investigation, the committee also recommends that opportunities be investigated such that AWS data from Greenland can be efficiently incorporated into real‐time weather forecasts and hence into reanalysis datasets.
Site‐ and structure‐specific characterization of the human urinary N‐glycoproteome with site‐determining and structure‐diagnostic product ions
Authors: Shen Yun , Xiao Kaijie , Tian Zhixin 
Published: September 2020

RationaleN‐glycosylation is one of the most common protein post‐translational modifications; it is extremely complex with multiple glycoforms from different monosaccharide compositions, sequences, glycosidic linkages, and anomeric positions. Each glycoform functions with a particular site‐ and structure‐specific N‐glycan that can be fully characterized using state‐of‐the‐art tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and the intact N‐glycopeptide database search engine GPSeeker that we recently developed. Urine has recently gained increasing attention as a non‐invasive source for disease marker discovery. In this study, we report our structure‐specific N‐glycoproteomics study of human urine.MethodsWe performed trypsin digestion, Zwitterionic Hydrophilic Interaction chromatography (ZIC‐HILIC) enrichment, C18‐RPLC/nano‐ESI‐MS/MS using HCD with stepped normalized collisional energies, and GPSeeker database search for a comprehensive site‐ and structure‐specific N‐glycoproteomics characterization of the human urinary N‐glycoproteome at the intact N‐glycopeptide level. For this, we used b/y product ion pairs from the GlcNAc‐containing site‐determining peptide backbone and structure‐diagnostic product ions from the N‐glycan moieties, respectively.ResultsWe identified 2986 intact N‐glycopeptides with comprehensive site and structure information for the peptide backbones (amino acid sequences and N‐glycosites) and the N‐glycan moieties (monosaccharide compositions, sequences/linkages). The 2986 intact N‐glycopeptide IDs corresponded to 754 putative N‐glycan linkage structures on 419 N‐glycosites of 450 peptide backbones from 327 intact N‐glycoproteins. Next, 146 linkage structures and 200 N‐glycosites were confirmed with structure‐diagnostic and GlcNAc‐containing site‐determining product ions, respectively.ConclusionsWe found 106 new N‐glycosites not annotated in the current UniProt database. The elution–abundance patterns of urinary intact N‐glycopeptide oxonium ions (m/z 138 and 204) of the same subject were temporally stable during the day and over 6 months. These patterns are rather different among different subjects. The results implied an interesting possibility that glycopeptide oxonium ion patterns could serve as distinguishing markers between individuals and/or between physiological and pathological states.
Spatiotemporal distribution of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from cascade reservoirs in Lancang‐Mekong River Yunnan section, Southwestern China
Authors: Wu Wei , Wang Jiawei , Zhou Xiaode , Yuan Bo , Guo Mengjing , Ren Lei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe current issue of river damming causing the release of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) from reservoirs has led to a debate over whether hydropower can still provide clean energy. In January (dry season) and August 2019 (wet season), we detected the N2O concentrations from cascade reservoirs in Lancang‐Mekong River Yunnan section by using static headspace gas chromatography and estimated the emission flux by the boundary layer approach to explore the influencing factors, especially the impact of cascade reservoirs development and operation. In the Lancang River (Yunnan section), the longitudinal distribution of N2O concentration along the cascade reservoirs showed seasonal differences. The average concentrations of N2O during the dry season and the wet season were 13.50 ± 2.00 nmol/L and 16.40 ± 4.10 nmol/L, respectively. The reservoirs with thermal stratification in both seasons were the Xiaowan (XW), Nuozhadu (NZD), and Jinghong (JH) reservoirs. The vertical distribution of N2O concentration was depth dependent (i.e., the deeper the location, the higher the concentration) in reservoirs with thermal stratification and uniform in reservoirs without thermal stratification. Dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature, and other biogenic elements were the main factors affecting N2O distribution. The average N2O emission flux in the cascade reservoirs was 12.80 ± 2.60 μmol m2·day−1 during the dry season and 16.10 ± 4.75 μmol m2·day−1 during the wet season. The annual average N2O emission fluxes of all reservoirs were in an order of JH > XW > Dachaoshan (DCS) > NZD > Miaowei (MW) > Gongguoqiao (GGQ) > Manwan (Man W). In 2019, a total of 3.37 × 106 mol year−1 (94.39 ton N2O‐N year−1) was released from the water surface of the cascade reservoirs, which accounted for approximately 0.31% of the total N2O emissions from reservoirs worldwide. This study shows the cascade reservoirs development and operations have made the Lancang River (Yunnan section) a major area for N2O emissions.
Virtual Screening and Discovery of Matrix Metalloproteinase‐12 Inhibitors by Swarm Intelligence Optimization Algorithm‐Based Machine Learning
Authors: Zhang Chenghua , Wu Keliang , Huang Long , Sun Kenan , Zou Yurong , Xiong Zhihui , Li Bingke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinase‐12 (MMP‐12) is an attractive therapeutic target for drug design and discovery for many human conditions. In this study, six swarm intelligence optimization algorithms were applied to optimize the parameters of the model generated using the LibSVM toolkit in MATLAB to identify potential MMP‐12 inhibitors (MMP‐12is); six types of optimized support vector machine (SVM) models were established. The highest prediction accuracy obtained was 98.89 %, which was equivalent to the effect of the optimal “RF+opt” model. All six models passed the Y‐randomization test and showed excellent performance with reliable results. Virtual screening identified 371 molecules with a predictive probability score greater than 0.9. The optimized SVM models, in addition to “RF+opt” and “SVM2” models, were combined to establish a consistency evaluation system. Our results revealed six non‐toxic potential MMP‐12is. This process provides a strong theoretical basis for the design, synthesis, and development of novel drugs targeting MMP‐12.
A Systematic Theoretical Study on the Stability of a Series of Dialkyl Peroxides to Light and Heat
Authors: Chen Wenlan , Chen Lu , Zheng Shaohui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDialkyl peroxides may decompose under heating and illumination conditions, and consequently cause an explosion or fire possibility. However, they can promote diesel‐degraded branching reaction, enhance diesel spontaneous combustion ability, and accelerate the chain reaction of fuel combustion. In this study, one series of dialkyl peroxides, i. e. methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, and di‐t‐butyl peroxide, which have different numbers of terminal methyl groups, have been modeled. We have systematically explored their stabilities under heating and illumination conditions by using CCSD(T), DFT/TDDFT, and variational transition state theory. We focus on the rate constants of thermal dissociation of peroxide bonds and absorption spectra because previous experimental and calculated thermal kinetic parameters are not consistent and the absorption spectra of these compounds are few. Based on the calculated data including rate constants and simulated absorption spectra, we find out that di‐t‐butyl peroxide is the best candidate among four compounds considering the stability under both heat and light. The most striking finding is that the previous assumption that the activation energy of O−O decomposition equals O−O bond energy may be wrong.
Facile Preparation of a Nanocomposite with Bifunctional Groups for the Separation and Analysis of Phosphopeptides in Human Saliva
Authors: Liu Bin , Lu Yujie , Yan Yinghua , Wang Chenlu , Ding Chuan‐Fan , Tang Keqi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA composite material was well prepared (magCNT@PDA@NH2‐MIL‐125@mTiO2) with magnetic carbon nanotubes as a substrate and polydopamine as good hydrophilicity mid‐layer by facile procedure. Compared with single functional composite (magCNT@PDA@MIL‐125‐NH2 and magCNT@PDA@mTiO2), magCNT@PDA@NH2‐MIL‐125@mTiO2 exhibits higher sensitivity (4 fmol), better selectivity (nonphosphopeptides:phosphopeptodes=1 : 1000), as well as more excellent size‐exclusion effect towards phosphopeptides under the same conditions. Meanwhile, 33 phosphopeptides were selectively detected derived from human saliva, this result shows that the nanocomposite has the potential to enrich phosphopeptides from complex biological samples.
Non‐Invasive, Non‐Enzymatic, Biodegradable and Flexible Sweat Glucose Sensor and Its Electrochemical Studies
Authors: Ramadoss Preethi , Rahman Mohammed Isfahur , Perumal Agilan , Nallaiyan Rajendran , Basha Sabiha Hayath , Dakshanamoorthy Arivuoli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlucose oxidase‐free polymer composite sensing material, made of polyelectrolytic cellulose derivatives cross‐linked by an organic polycarboxylic acid and enhanced by a plasticizer, is reported. The polymer composite is a nontoxic material and is also biodegradable that degrades within 15 days in the soil. The material is extremely flexible and yet resilient in such a way to explicitly fit for application in wearable sensors. Electrochemical analysis of the material for glucose sensing properties with artificial sweat as the electrolyte revealed surprising results. The lowest detection limit observed in chronoamperometric analysis was 0.4 mM of glucose. Impedimetric analysis showed significant drop in impedance at 0.5 mM addition of glucose. The cellulose composite material gets reduced into H3O+ and H+ ions, on addition of glucose, which is confirmed through square wave analysis, chrono‐amperometry, impedance and cyclic voltammetry results. The changes in the functional group were also confirmed by FTIR analysis taken before and after the addition of glucose. Results obtained by electrochemical analysis were well correlated with the proposed reaction mechanism. The flexibility and strength of the cellulose composite film was analysed with nano‐indenter, it also showed an excellent folding endurance withstanding up to 86960 folds. The biocompatibility nature of the material was also tested with the help of 3T3 fibroblast cells.
Bipolar Membranes to Promote Formation of Tight Ice‐Like Water for Efficient and Sustainable Water Splitting
Authors: Kim Byung Su , Park Seul Chan , Kim Do‐Hyeong , Moon Gi Hyeon , Oh Jong Gyu , Jang Jaeyoung , Kang Moon‐Sung , Yoon Kyung Byung , Kang Yong Soo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBipolar membranes (BPMs) have recently received much attention for their potential to improve the water dissociation reaction (WDR) at their junction by utilizing catalysts. Herein, composite catalysts (Fe2O3@GO) comprising hematite nanoparticles (α‐Fe2O3) grown on 2D graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets are reported, which show unprecedentedly high water dissociation performance in the BPM. Furthermore, new catalytic roles in facilitating WDR at the catalyst–water interface are mechanistically elucidated. It is demonstrated that the partially dissociated bound water, formed by the strongly Lewis‐acidic Fe atoms of the Fe2O3@GO catalyst, helps the “ice‐like water” to become tighter, consequently resulting in weaker intramolecular OH bonds, which reduces activation barriers and thus significantly improves the WDR rate. Notably, Fe2O3@GO‐incorporated BPM shows an extremely low water dissociation potential (0.89 V), compared to commercially available BPM (BP‐1E, 1.13 V) at 100 mA cm−2, and it is quite close to the theoretical potential required for WDR (0.83 V). This performance reduces the required electrical energy consumption for water splitting by ≈40%, as compared to monopolar (Nafion 212 and Selemion AMV) membranes. These results can provide a new approach for the development of water dissociation catalysts and BPMs for realizing highly efficient water splitting systems.
Evaluating management and orchestration impact on closed‐loop orchestration delay
Authors: García‐Rois Juan , Fondo‐Ferreiro Pablo , Gil‐Castiñeira Felipe , González‐Castaño Francisco J. , Candal‐Ventureira David 
Published: September 2020

SummaryNetwork “softwarization” is enabling new features such as detecting the risk to violate a Service Level Agreement (SLA) and performing the required automated control actions on a network slice. A real‐time Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Management and Orchestration (MANO) system should detect any SLA degradation and act to recover the SLA. The closed‐loop automation approach monitors the state of the network and triggers policy‐based control actions when needed. The delay between the detection of an SLA issue and the completion of a correcting action is critical for satisfying latency‐related SLAs. Thus, in this article we propose this delay as a new key performance indicator (KPI) for NFV MANO systems, which we call Closed‐Loop Orchestration Delay (CLOD). CLOD is subdivided into independent time intervals that depend on the NFV MANO platform, the target Virtualized Infrastructure Management (VIM) and the target virtual network function (VNF) software. CLOD is evaluated on a real use case: a latency‐sensitive elastic network slice in which Internet user round‐trip time (RTT) is monitored. When the service level of the slice drops below a predefined limit a new data plane is deployed near the user reducing latency. In the evaluation, we considered two approaches: (i) a general implementation of the NFV MANO architecture based on the Open Network Automation Platform (ONAP) and OpenStack and (ii) an optimized ad‐hoc baseline implementation to minimize CLOD. We provide the details of both implementations and compare their CLODs leading to useful insights for the NFV MANO community.
Diminuendo! Tactics in Support of FaaS Migrations
Authors: Werner Sebastian , Kuhlenkamp Jörn , Pallas Frank , Anders Niklas , Mucaj Nebi , Tsaplina Olesia , Schmidt Christian , Yildirim Kann 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) receives close attention due to highly desirable characteristics, including pay-as-you-go pricing, high elasticity, and its fully managed nature. To leverage these benefits for existing applications, developers face the challenge of migrating legacy code to a FaaS platform (FaaSification). Unfortunately, however, actionable guidance on how to do so for real-world applications does not exist. In this paper, we report on our experience from FaaSifying a data-intensive application, and evaluating different options through extensive experimentation, using approaches such as regression tests and tracing. Based on the obtained results, we present five migration tactics in support of future FaaSification.
Predictable Performance for QoS-Sensitive, Scalable, Multi-tenant Function-as-a-Service Deployments
Authors: Kuriata Andrzej , Illikkal Ramesh G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper we present the results of our studies focused on enabling predictable performance for functions executing in scalable, multi-tenant Function-as-a-Service environments. We start by analyzing QoS and performance requirements and use cases from the point of view of End-Users, Developers and Infrastructure Owners. Then we take a closer look at functions’ resource utilization patterns and investigate functions’ sensitivity to those resources. We specifically focus on the CPU microarchitecture resources as they have significant impact on functions’ overall performance. As part of our studies we have conducted experiments to research the effect of co-locating different functions on the compute nodes. We discuss the results and provide an overview of how we have further modified the scheduling logic of our containers orchestrator (Kubernetes), and how that impacted functions’ execution times and performance variation. We have specifically leveraged the low-level telemetry data, mostly exposed by the Intel® Resource Director Technology (Intel® RDT) [1]. Finally, we provide an overview of our future studies, which will be centered around node-level resource allocations, further improving a function’s performance, and conclude with key takeaways.
Shifting Conceptualization of Control in Agile Transformations
Authors: Mikalsen Marius , Stray Viktoria , Moe Nils Brede , Backer Idun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Agile transformation implies that organizations apply agile methods also outside of software development units. One particular way of doing such transformations is to create cross-functional software development units. This represents new challenges for control for organizations as the unformal agile control mechanisms from the software units meet the more formal, bureaucratic and hierarchical control from other units. The research on how to manage control in agile transformations, however, is scarce. Through a case study of a new, cross-functional unit in a financial institution, we report on their work to implement control in agile transformations. To analyze our results, we draw on new perspectives for control in the digital era, which challenges existing presumptions on control. Our findings indicate how agile transformations require rethinking traditional control mechanisms and experiment with new control perspectives more suitable for the digital era.
Towards Specific Software Engineering Practices for Early-Stage Startups
Authors: Melegati Jorge , Chanin Rafael , Sales Afonso , Prikladnicki Rafael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this position paper, our goal is to argue the need for specific software development practices to early-stage startups. In order to reach this goal, we discuss the consequences of innovative and market-driven contexts, which are two of the key elements when describing software startups. We also argue that these practices could be applied to innovative initiatives within established companies since they share similar characteristics and challenges as those from startups.
Certification as a Service
Authors: Copei Sebastian , Wickert Manuel , Zündorf Albert 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The development of industry 4.0 and smart energy IT-Components relies on highly standardized communication protocols to reach vendor-independent interoperability. In innovative and fast-changing environments, the support of standard protocols increases the time to market significantly. In the energy domain, the business models and the regulatory frameworks will be updated more often than the protocols. Thus agile development and supporting standardized protocols at the same time seems to be an issue. Here we will present a new proposal for standardization and certification processes as well as an architecture for a certification platform. Both will improve the support of agile development in the industry and energy domain.