Survey of the Germ Antibiorésistance Implied In Infections of the Surgical Site Infection (SSI) To the General Hospital Of National Reference (HGNR) Of N’Djamena (CHAD)
Authors: Hassan Mahamat Ali , ZONGO Cheikna , Hissein Ali Haroun , HIEN Yeri Esther , Erbi Denis , Djonabaye Doumani , Moukhtar Roumane , TIDJANI Abdelsalam , Savadogo Aly 
Published: November 2020

Surgical Site Infections (SSI) are caused in most cases by the resistant or multi-resistant bacteria. Gravities go from a simple superficial cutaneous infection to the potentially deadly infections as the stern septicemia. The objective of this survey is to study the antibiorésistance of germs implied in infections of the operative site to the General Hospital of National Reference (HGRN) of Ndjamena to Chad . The survey had taken place of July to November 2018. A total of 51 cases of infections of the Surgical Sites has been recorded then appropriated and sowed on the Chapman, Mac Conkey, gélose to the Cétrimide, Sabouraud and chocolate gelose in view of an isolation of germs implied. The classic gallery, the API20ES gallery permitted the identification of the different stumps. The classic antibiogramm on a middle gelose of Muller Hinton permitted the survey of the antibiorésistance. The Vitek2 permitted the confirmation of identification, the survey of the antibiorésistance and the detection of stumps of betalactamases enterobacteries producers. The implied germs were: E. coli (29,4%), follow-up of Klebsiella spp (22,5%), Staphylococcus aureus (16,6%), Pseudomonas aeroginosa (11,7%), Proteus mirabilis (8,8%), Enterobacter cloacae (5,8%), Serratia odorifera, Shigella sonnei, Corynebacterium spp (0,98%) each, Candida albicans (1,9%). The identified germs multiresistantes were E. coli, Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia odorifera and Shigella spp. A level of resistance (4%) to the imipenème at entérobactérieses has been recorded. One also notes a resistant of stumps of Staphylococcus aureus 100% to the penicillin and the oxacilline, as well as a resistance to the vancomycine (3%).
The identification of stumps isolated showed that the stump E. coli (29,4%) is the germ the more implied. Also, the survey of the antibiorésistance permitted to note a strong resistance of bacteria isolated opposite the tested antibiotics.

Surgical site infections (SSI) are caused in most cases by resistant or multi-resistant bacteria. Gravities range from simple superficial skin infections to potentially fatal infections such as severe sepsis. The objective of this study is to study the antibiotic resistance of germs involved in surgical site infections at the Hôpital Général de Référence Nationale (HGRN) in Ndjamena, Chad.

The study took place from July to November 2018. A total of 51 surgical site infections were recorded, then sampled and inoculated on Chapman, Mac Conkey, Cetrimid agar, Sabouraud and chocolate agar media to isolate the germs involved. The classical gallery, the API20E gallery allowed the identification of the different strains. The classical antibiogram on a Muller Hinton agar medium allowed the study of antibiotic resistance.

Vitek2 enabled confirmation of the identification, study of antibiotic resistance and detection of strains of enterobacteria producing beta-lactamases. The frequency of surgical site infections obtained was 33.6% (51/152). The germs involved were: E. coli (29.4%), followed by Klebsiella spp (22.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (16.6%), Pseudomonas aeroginosa (11.7%), Proteus mirabilis (8.8%), Enterobacter cloacae (5.8%), Serratia odorifera, Shigella sonnei, Corynebacterium spp (0.98%) each, Candida albicans (1.9%). The multi-resistant germs identified were: E. coli, Klebsiella spp, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia odorifera and Shigella spp. A level of resistance (4%) to imipenem in Enterobacteriaceae was recorded. Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains to penicillin and oxacillin (100%) and resistance to vancomycin (3%) were also noted
The identification of the strains isolated showed that the E. coli strain (29.4%) is the most involved germ. Also, the study of antibiotic resistance showed that the bacteria isolated were highly resistant to the antibiotics tested.