bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maintenance of electrical equipment and wiring of new energy vehicles
Authors: Han Chengzhi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In order to comply with the call of the scientific development concept and actively implement the coordinated development of ecological economy, China vigorously promotes the development of new energy industries. As one of the main mobility tools for modern people, cars have greatly improved people’s travel efficiency. Under the general environment, fuel vehicles have gradually moved closer to new energy vehicles. I hope that this will help to reduce urban pollution, environmental pollution and energy consumption. With the support of national policies, the scale of China’s new energy vehicles is getting larger and larger. As of the end of 2019, the number of domestic new energy vehicles had exceeded two million. However, after all, new energy vehicles are an emerging industry, and there are still immature areas in technology. Therefore, it is not difficult to avoid some electrical equipment or line failures during use. Once such situations are found, it will not only affect people’s driving. Experience, there may also be life threatening. For this reason, it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance and protection of the electrical equipment or lines of new energy vehicles on a regular basis. Therefore, this article focuses on the maintenance of new energy vehicle equipment lines to provide technical guidance and reference for the sustainable development of the industry.
Research on Radar Servo Control System Based on Neuron Adaptive PID Control
Authors: Chen Siyuan , Yang Lihong , Liu Yunfeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Due to the fixed control parameters, traditional proportional integral differential (PID) control tend to have problems such as large overshoot, poor stability and low control accuracy, which is difficult to meet the high control quality requirement of modern radar servo system. In this paper, based on the neural network adaptive control theory, a radar servo control system is designed and its effect is improved through the self-learning of neurons, the adjustment of the weighting coefficient and the optimization of the PID controller parameters. The simulation results show that the radar servo control system using neuron adaptive PID control preforms faster response speed and higher control accuracy, which is obviously better than the system with traditional PID control.
Design of a real-time monitoring and automatic adjusting system for the belt tension of telescopic machines
Authors: Ying Liuwei , Yang Qihua , Liu Ganghai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In order to solve the problem of belt deviation, this paper designs a real-time monitoring and automatic adjusting system for the belt tension of telescopic machines. The system obtains data through the MCU, an ADS1246 chip and a full strain bridge, transmits the data through Zigbee network, and displays the data through the industrial control screen, thus realizing the real-time monitoring of the belt tension. The master MCU performs algorithm calculation firstly, and then performs real-time control of the motor through the CAN bus, so as to achieve automatic adjustment of the tension. This paper designs corresponding circuits and software according to each functional module. The results show that the real-time monitoring and automatic adjusting system is of great timeliness and accuracy, and has good application and promotion value.
A hybrid experimental validation of nonlinear energy-based control with noisy and biased measurements
Authors: Liang Guanming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Current validation of feedback control law typically relies on simulations that may not capture the actual noise and bias characteristics or on the experiments that is more expensive and less manageable. This paper proposes a hybrid experimental strategy to validate the effectiveness of nonlinear feedback control law for attitude control of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles (UAVs). We use the typical measurement device, Micro-Electro-Mechanic Systems (MEMS) gyroscope, with a turntable to capture the exact measurement noise and bias. We implement the gyroscope with different up-pointing axes and rotation speeds to imitate different bias. Then, these measured angular velocities are combined into the numerical simulation of a rigid body dynamics with feedback control law to examine the performance of the nonlinear feedback control law. Results show that trajectories of the closed-loop Euler angle are close to the designed reference trajectory and the estimated bias accurately reflecting the measured bias. This hybrid experiments validate the effectiveness of energy based nonlinear feedback control law with noisy and biased experimental measurements using a much less cost.
Optimization of Cementitious Grouts for Semi-Flexible Pavement Surfaces Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Imran Khan Muhammad , Sutanto Muslich H , Napiah Madzlan B , Zahid Muhammad , Usman Aliyu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In recent years, semi-flexible pavement surfaces have been identified as one of the alternatives to conventional rigid and flexible pavements due to its advantages over both the pavements. In semi-flexible pavement surfaces, the cementitious grouts are spread on the surface of a porous asphalt skeleton and allowed to penetrate through the depth. The cementitious grouts contribute to the durability (in terms of resistance to oil, water and adverse weather conditions) and the performance of semi-flexible pavement surfaces. The physical and performance properties of semi-flexible pavement depend on the voids in the porous asphalt skeleton and suitable compositions of cementitious grouts. This paper presents the design and optimization of compositions of cementitious grouts using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique. Similarly, statistical models are developed to predict the flow and compressive strength properties of grouts using RSM. Water-cement ratio (w/c) and Superplasticizer (SP) were chosen as two independent variables, and their effect on flow and compressive strength properties were investigated. Based on RSM analysis, the adjusted R2 was in reasonable agreement with predicted R2 because the difference was less than 0.2, and the models were found to be significant. Finally, the optimized compositions of grouts were validated by performing experimental program.
Stabilization of Peat Soil Using Fly Ash, Bottom Ash and Portland Cement: Soil Improvement and Coal Ash Waste Reduction Approach
Authors: Hauashdh Ali , Radin Mohamed Radin Maya Saphira , Jailani Junaidah , Abd Rahman Junita 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Peat soil is very compressible, which leads to an excessive settlement. Stabilization of peat soil is the way to improve the engineering properties of peat soil through mixing peat with supplementary cementation materials. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the stabilization of peat soil using fly ash, bottom ash and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) to improve the engineering properties of peat soil. Also to examine the possibility of fly ash and bottom ash waste reduction through using them as a binder of the mixture in soil improvement application. In this study, fly ash and bottom ash were collected from generation wastes at coal- fired electric power and stabilization of peat soil was done by mixing peat soil with fly ash, bottom ash and OPC. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and Fourier transform scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was conducted before and after the stabilization of peat soil. Also, some essential physicochemical properties of a mixture have identified before the mixing process. The findings of the compressive strength of peat soil were equal to 5 kPa at its natural state and after stabilization strength of peat soil was equal to 47 kPa. FESEM micrographs have shown ultrastructure of peat stabilization appears as inherent and coherent while the ultrastructure of original peat appears as incoherent and sporadic. The findings have revealed the effectiveness of fly ash and bottom ash to improve the strength of peat and the applicability of the utilization of coal ash waste as binder materials.
Prediction of Rheological Properties of Bio-asphalt Binders Through Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Al-Sabaeei A M , Napiah M , Sutanto M , Alaloul W , Yusoff  , Ghaleb A A S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, the response surface methodology (RSM) technique was applied to model the high-temperature rheological properties of bio-asphalt binders, incorporating crude palm oil (CPO) under unaged and short-term ageing conditions. The interaction effects of CPO at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of the base asphalt binder and test temperatures of 40 °C- 76 °C as independent variables on the complex modulus and phase angle were evaluated. Results show that CPO content and test temperature have significant effects on the complex modulus and phase angle of bio-asphalt binders. RSM statistical analyses present high degrees of correlation (R2) of 0.9980, 0.9986, 0.9820 and 0.9682 for the dependent variables’ complex modulus and phase angle under unaged and aged conditions, indicating that the developed models are consistent with the experimental results. The numerical optimisation shows that the optimum complex modulus and phase angle of bio-asphalt binders can be achieved with 5% CPO at a temperature of 64 °C.
Study of sediment deposition at Tanjung Laboh due to jetty structural
Authors: Salleh A M , Nadzir N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Changes in coastal areas are due to factors such as natural factors. In recent years human activities and coastal development have contributed greatly to the change of the coast. Concerned with this problem, a study was conducted on the coast of Tanjung Laboh in March 2019 to collect oceanographic data related to coastal change. The purpose of this study was to compare the distribution of sediment size in jetty structure areas and unstructured areas. Specific gravity has been compared between sampling lines A, B, C and D. The study area has been divided into three zone and every sampling line is in between of 80 meters. Field work to collect current velocity data was done during high tide. Estimates of sediment accumulation were carried out by comparing sediment characteristics obtained in structured and unstructured areas that related to current velocity. The results show that the beach profile is silty clay. The current velocity is also found to be low at 0.044 m/s to 0.218 m/s. In conclusion, the sediment transportation and sediment deposition can be influence by current velocity of a coastal and factor of any barrier. Test have been carried out shows that different particles size distribution around jetty structure and without jetty structure.
Influence of Source Energy and Stacking on Active MASW Method Dispersion Image
Authors: Basri K , Talib M K A , Jumien N L , Ping B P A , Zainorabidin A , Madun A , Pakir F , Yusof M F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The study investigates the influence of source weight, type of source plate and number of stacking on the resolution of the dispersion image obtained from the active Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) method at peat soil condition. Fundamental-mode dispersion curve determination is governed by the optimum configuration of the active MASW method. Optimum configuration will ensure reliable inverted shear wave velocity profile. The heterogeneity and problematic characteristics of peat soil provide challenges on the MASW survey. Based on the field tests conducted, the effect of the source weight was significant. Heavier source weight relatively increases the dispersion image resolution especially at lower frequencies but sacrificing the resolution at higher frequencies. Therefore, heavier source weight (i.e. 7 kg sledgehammer) was recommended for deeper depth of investigation with little concern on the shallow depth. The use of rubber plate also contributed to the increases of energy accumulation at lower frequencies. Increasing number of stacking increases the overall energy band as the stacking allows significant suppression of the ambient noise. 5 to 10 stacks were recommended for peat soil condition. Finally, overall comparison between the dispersion images obtained at both locations shows that thicker peat soil layer results in lower resolution and low signal-to-noise ratio dispersion image.
Addition of Gravel in the Manufacture of Paving Block with Water Absorption Capability
Authors: Mudjanarko Sri Wiwoho , Julianto Eko , Harmanto Dani , Pratama Wiwoho Firdaus 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Paving block is one of elements that normally used in the pavement. Paving block can be easily made and apply to the road, parking area and yard. Innovations for paving block are carried out according to their intended application. One of them is paving block with water absorption capability to overcome the problem of flooding in Indonesia, especially in urban areas and densely populated during the rainy season. The production of paving block must follow the methods and materials as required by SNI 03-0691-1996, especially in the preparation of mixture, cement: sand/gravel: water. Paving block was designed to absorb water. The use of the materials is adjusted to achieve the quality of paving block. Specimens of sand paving block (PN) were prepared using sand (69.5%) + cement (30%) + water (0.05%). Meanwhile, specimens of gravel paving block (PK) were prepared using gravel (59.5%) + sand (10%) + cement (30%) + water (0.5%). The results indicate that gravel paving block able to absorb water within 4 seconds/litre/cm2 and the compressive strength meet the requirement of SNI 03-0691-1996.
Using Palm Oil By-Products to Reduce Environmental Impacts From Concrete: A Case Study
Authors: Sinoh S S , Ibrahim Z , Othman F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The increasing need for sustainable development especially in the construction industry has led to utilization of palm oil by-products (POBPs) in concrete. Many studies on the structural properties of POBP concrete can be found in the literature. However, there are not many studies on their environmental impact. This paper aims to systematically determine the environmental impact of concrete made using POBPs using a public school building was as a case study. Two mixes were studied: (1) a conventional concrete mix with 420 kg/m3 of cement and compressive strength of 47.4 MPa; and (2) a concrete mix incorporating OPBC as a replacement for coarse natural aggregate with the similar cement content and compressive strength. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to calculate the environmental impacts. Results show that replacement of natural aggregates with OPBC would reduce damage to resources by 11.5%, ecosystem quality by 8% and human health by 2.3% and financial cost by 22.7%. Feasibility analysis showed that POBPs can potentially replace approximately 12.7% of natural aggregate consumed by the Malaysian construction industry.
Load-Displacement Response of Oil Palm Shell Concrete Compressive Test Using Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Fathur Rahman Fajri , Adi Prakoso Widjojo , Tjahjono Elly , Sentosa Bastian Okto B. , Orientilize Mulia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Study of compressive strength of oil palm shell (OPS) concrete has been conducted by varying the content of admixture of silica fume and fly ash to increase concrete strength. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used as a tool to capture the physical change of concrete cube during the test which can be converted to load-displacement response by using open source sotware, Ncorr. It is evident that DIC can be carried out with ordinary camera DSLR which reveal from test result. Poison’s ratio as a ratio between lateral and vertical displacement is succesly obtained. The value are between 0.2096 to 0.2264. Concrete strength improved by 30% to 43% by adding the admixture, silica fume and fly ash.
Characterization of Compression and Tensile Properties of Bamboo Jawa (Gigantochloa Atter) and Bamboo Apus (Gigantochloa Apus) for Application as Soil Reinforcement
Authors: Rochim Abdul , Latifah Khoiriya , Supriyadi Bambang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In any construction design, two things should be taken into account are stability and settlement. In order to achieve target soil stability or soil bearing capacity, earthwork solutions and or ground improvement solutions can be conducted. Some solutions can vary such as using bamboo as a retaining wall or as a foundation. This study aims to determine the compression and tension properties of bamboos which can be used as data for soil reinforcement. Two types of bamboo, bamboo Apus (Gigantochloa Apus) and bamboo Jawa (Gigantochloa Atter) are selected as tested materials. Twenty-four samples from the two bamboos are tested to understand their compressive strength and other thirty for tensile strength. In order to determine the compression (ASTM C39/C39M-09a) and tension (SNI 03-3399-1994) properties of some parts of bamboo, the samples are taken from top, middle, and bottom location. From this experiment, from the two kinds of bamboo, bamboo Apus provides higher strengths (both compressive and tensile strength) than bamboo Jawa. For compressive strength, Bamboo Apus on average reaches 44.36 MPa while bamboo Jawa reaches 25.45 MPa. In tensile strength, on average bamboo Apus reaches183 MPa which is higher than that of bamboo Jawa 140.3 MPa. From this finding, it assures that one type of bamboo can have higher strength than others.
Comparative Study on Strength of Foamed Concrete Consisting Hybrid Fiber
Authors: Mohamad N. , Aziz Khalidah , Samad A.A.A. , Sapuan Nadjmi , Lakhiar M.T. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the performance of foamed concrete (FC) with two additives, namely coir fiber (CF) and steel fibers (SF), which can be categorized as hybrid fiber materials that are environmentally friendly because one of the fibers is an agricultural waste. In addition, it can also increase the foamed concrete strength. The CF was added in the FC mixture in three different percentages; namely 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% with fixed SF percentage at 3% for each mixture. The FC-CF-SF mixtures were tested in the laboratory to determine its fresh properties and mechanical properties. From the findings it showed that the workability of foamed concrete reduced when the hybrid fiber increased. The result presents the highest value of compressive strength was 21.9MPa obtained on FC-CF-SF with percentage of 1% CF and 3% SF at 28 days. For tensile strength, the highest value obtained from the test on cylinder specimen at 28 days was 1.94MPa with FC-CF-SF added with 0.5% CF and 3% SF. Meanwhile, the maximum value of flexural strength achieved was 3.4MPa obtained on FC-CF-SF added with 1% of CF and 3% of SF and the highest ultimate load recorded was 8.27MPa obtained on FC-CF-SF added with 1% of CF and 3% of SF content. Based on the observation, the foamed concrete consisting hybrid fiber experienced less crack compared to control specimen.
Bearing Strength of Circular Concrete Blocks Varies in Heights Subjected to Concentrically Circular Loaded Bearing Plate
Authors: Yahya N A , Nor N Md , Zain R Md , Oh C L , Lee S W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Bearing strength is vital when transferring the heavy loaded over limited area of concrete surface. This paper examines the bearing strength of circular concrete blocks with different heights loaded under circular bearing plate. Bearing strength of concrete are strongly related to the compressive strength of concrete and the ratio of total area of concrete surface to loaded steel bearing area. This study focuses on the confinement effects of concrete for different heights of concrete blocks. Most existing design codes propose specific criteria to prevent bearing failure but not included size effect such as height of concrete block. Height of concrete block is one of important criteria in designing concrete bearing especially for shallow or slender structural supports. For the present study, there are total of 18 concrete blocks has been tested under compression and bearing tests, i.e. 9 blocks for compression test (150 mm3) and 9 blocks for bearing test in three different heights, i.e. 50 mm, 100 mm and 200 mm with constant concrete diameter of 100 mm. The confinement effect of concrete is analysed based on two dimensionless units, i.e. (fb/fc) and (h/d) ratios. The failure modes for different height of concrete blocks observed. The effect of different heights on concrete bearing also explained.
An Analysis of Plastic Barrels as a Platforms Material of Floating House in Coastal Areas
Authors: Adi H P , Wahyudi S I , Ni’am M F , Haji S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Housing is a very basic necessity for human life, so it is needed by considering its comfort of the environment and constituent materials. For people who live on the coastal areas which have narrow land and low environmental arrangement, a floating house can be the solution. The floating house is a building that stands or floats on water by relying on the weight and area of the field that is submerged as load parameters that are able to be borne by the structure. The house can float and be placed on the edge of the beach and above the sea water front. There are various materials that can be utilized as the footing of this floating house; one of which is plastic barrels. This research aims at analyzing the level of buoyancy, the amount of materials and the cost needed for the construction of a simple floating house unit using plastic barrels as the platforms. The results showed that the buoyancy level (Fa) of plastic barrels as the platforms material is 549.814 Newton, the number of plastic barrels needed as platforms materials is 232 pieces costing for IDR 358,270, 000.
Water Monitoring System Embedded with Internet of Things (IoT) Device: A Review
Authors: Kamaruidzaman N S , Nazahiyah Rahmat Siti 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Urbanisation and population growth lead to increased water demand and might affect the water sources. Hence, it is important to manage it effectively. This paper reviews the use of Internet of Things (IoT) device in monitoring water system to conserve and manage the precious resources. The IoT technology is most synonymous with the latest wireless system for data acquisition for real-time monitoring surveillances. The real-time monitoring process involves large distribution of monitoring sensor and network such as computing, wireless sensor network and cloud computing. Traditionally, water quantity and quality reading has been labour intensive and subsequently an expensive process. By application of IoT, human involvement shall be minimized and most procedural decisions in a normal process will be made by algorithms. Developing user-friendly IoT tools will be an excellent contender in real time water monitoring solutions and lead to efficient management.