bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of antiepileptic drugs on various lipid fractions and certain liver enzymes in epileptic patients of Punjab origin
Authors: Kuldip Singh , Harleen Kaur , Pashaura Singh 
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: Epilepsy requires lifelong therapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) &having medical and psychological consequence. Present study was conducted to observe the effect of different AEDs on lipid profile and certain liver enzymes on epileptic patients.
Material and Methods: 50 epileptic patients receiving AEDs for minimum 1 year were recruited as study group and 50 healthy subjects considered as control group. These subjects were recruited from general community of Punjab. Fasting blood samples were drawn from patients and healthy subjects for the evaluation of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, AST, ALT & ALP.
Results: Significant increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL- cholesterol was observed in epileptic patients while no significant change was recorded in HDL- cholesterol. Maximum increase in total cholesterol, TGs, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL- cholesterol levels was observed in phenytoin treated patients with reference tovalproic acid, carbamazepine, levetiracetam treated patients. Levels of AST, ALT and ALP were significantly increased in epileptic patients. Maximum increase in AST & ALT was observed in levetiracetam treated epileptic patients and maximum rise in ALP levels was found in carbamazepine treated patients with reference to other AEDs treated patients.
Conclusion: Aforementioned observations suggested that epileptic patients treated with phenytoin, valproic acid, carbamazepine & levetiracetam for long time could cause dyslipidemia, might be responsible for various CHD’s and hepatotoxicity in epileptic patients. Routine screening of lipid profile and hepatic enzymes during chronic use of AEDs is recommended.
A study of insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function in diabetics and non-diabetics
Authors: Chandrika A. Mary , Shanthi B. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction and Aim: The most common non-communicable disease affecting large population is type 2 diabetes mellitus. This metabolic disorder is characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. The causes of diabetes mellitus can vary greatly but always include either defects in insulin secretion of the pancreas or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced or in both at some point in the course of the disease.
Materials and Methods: 200 participants who were divided into two groups, non-diabetics with and without family history of diabetes were involved in this study. The outcomes of fasting plasma glucose, postprandial plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma insulin, serum c-peptide, HOMA -IR, HOMA-B were compared between both the groups.
Results: All these parameters were significantly correlated between the groups with the level of significance p<0.05%. Non-diabetic off-springs of type 2 diabetes were found to have hyperinsulinemia, increased level of serum c-peptide level, moderate insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction than non-diabetics without the family history of diabetes. The fasting hyperinsulinemia, known to reflect decreased insulin sensitivity constitute the strongest independent predictor of type 2 diabetes.
Conclusion: The above findings show that insulin resistance is the primary abnormality in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Renal calyceal diverticulum mimicking a large renal cyst-A case report
Authors: Samson Ravirajendran , Neelakandan Ramasamy , Chandru Thirunavukkarasu , Natarajan Kumaresan 
Published: December 2020

Renal calyceal diverticulum are outpouching from renal calyx or pelvis into the renal cortex lined by transitional cell epithelium. We report a case of 35 years old male with history of accidental fall from bike, who presented with persistent right loin pain and hematuria. CT Urogram showed multiple large right renal cysts (BOSNIAK II). Patient was planned laparoscopic renal cyst deroofing. Due to suspicion of calyceal diverticulum, an intraoperative Retrograde Pyelogram (RGP) was done which showed calyceal diverticulum. Laparoscopic calyceal diverticulotomy with closure of communication was done. If only a cyst deroofing was done considering the CT finding alone, it would have ended up in post-operative complication of urinoma which may require a re-surgery. This case report emphasizes the importance of anticipating calyceal diverticulum and intraoperative attempts in the form of doing RGP to identify calyceal diverticulum which mimic renal cyst regardless of CT finding in suspected cases.
Keywords: Calyceal diverticulum; large renal cyst; retrograde pyelogram; laparoscopic calyceal; Diverticulotomy.
Memahami Penafsiran Ayat poLigami Melalui Pendekatan Qiraat Al-Qur’an : Penafsiran Qs. An-Nisa Ayat : 3
Authors: Widayati Romlah 
Published: December 2020

Pemahaman terhadap qirâ`ât sebagai prasarat dalam tafsir, menurut Jalâluddin al-Suyûthi, disebabkan adanya versi bacaan (qirâ’ât) Al-Qur’an berbeda-beda, adakalanya perbedaan itu berkaitan dengan substansi lafazh atau berkaitan dengan lahjah atau dialek kebahasaan. Perbedaan qirâ’ât yang berkaitan dengan substansi lafazh bisa menimbulkan perbedaan makna, sementara perbedaan qirâ’ât yang berkaitan dengan lahjah atau dialek kebahasaan tidak menimbulkan perbedaan makna seperti bacaan tashîl, imâlah, taqlîl, tarqîq, tafkhîm dan sebagainya.
Penafsiran ayat ini melalui pendekatan qira’at Al-Qur’an baik yang nilai sanadnya mutawatir maupun syadz, Adanya perbedaan bacaan - yang tidak lain adalah sebagai suatu keringanan dan kemurahan dari Allah swt untuk hamba-Nya-,ternyata dapat ditemukan beberapa kemungkinan makna yang bisa memberikan spectrum penafsiran yang lebih luas. Mudah-mudahan semua membawa kemudahan bagi umat dalam memahami,menghayati,dan mengamalkan ajaran Al-Qur’an.
Inisiasi Etika Eksplorasi Pertambangan Perspektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: Febriani Nur Arfiyah , Yuniarni Iin 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini menggagas etika eksplorasi pertambangan perspektif Al-Qur’an yang merupakan bentuk kesadaran metaetika Ilahiyyah yang memiliki sifat kecerdasan reflektif, sebagai reaksi atas adanya “hubungan intensionalitas metaetika teofanik“ yaitu hubungan/peran manusia di ranah pertambangan. Sebagai alur pemikiran di dalam penelitian ini, berbasis pada akhlaq profetis Rasulullah Shâllâlahu ‘Alaihi wasallam (Hadits Riwayat Abu Dawud) dan etika-ekofenomenologi yang digagas oleh Saras Dewi.
Temuan formulasi etika eksplorasi pertambangan perspektif Al-Qur’an tersebut merupakan pengejewantahan peran manusia yang holistik dan integralistik di dalam mengeksplorasi, memanfaatkan dan melindungi keberadaan sumber daya tambang, dengan pemahaman akan norma-norma moral atas makna kata: Isti’mar, Independensi, Inter-dependensi, Ihsan dan Itqan serta Harmonis adil bersinergis.
Penelitian ini merupakan deskripsi dari tafsîr bayânî dengan corak informatif-transformatif, yang juga merupakan sebuah dukungan terhadap al-tafsîr al-ilmî, beserta seluruh pengembangannya. Penulis menawarkan konformitas baru dalam memahami Al-Qur’an dengan menangkap gagasan utamanya (maghzâ) di balik makna literalnya, dilengkapi dengan pembuktian ilmiah yang teruji secara akademis, argumentatif, proporsional sesuai dengan konteks pengetahuan yang berlaku, melalui tahapan ishtishab (juristic preference). Dengan menggunakan metode tafsîr maûdhu’i, dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif analitik kualitatif, melalui pendekatan ekofenomenologi dipadu dengan analisa dialektika kritis/jadal, dimana prinsip dualitas yang memiliki bentuk dualitas oposisional, antara dua hal yang bersifat material dan atau non material sebagai objeknya, keduanya dipertemukan oleh relasi intensionalitas.
Deskripsi Pengelolaan Pendidikan Karakter Di sekolah Menengah Pertama Al Muslim Tambun
Authors: Djuanda Isep 
Published: December 2020

This study is aimed to figure out character education management in SMP Al Muslim Tambun and to uncover the obstacles in managing character education in SMP Al Muslim.
The research design used is qualitative research design which describes the management of character education. The data collection technique employed are observation, interview, and documentary study. Data analytical technique used in this research are qualitative descriptive which will be applied as the approach to describe the result of observation, interview and documentary study.
The research results show us that 1) character education management in SMP Al Muslim Tambun is conducted through school management, learning activities, as well as habitual/coaching activities; 2) the obstacles in managing character education in SMP Al Muslim Tambun are caused by internal and external factors. Internal factors include students and teachers/employees. Meanwhile, the external factors come from parents, shuttle service and foundation.
Fiqih Anti Materialisme
Authors: Desya Mawar Monica 
Published: December 2020

Materi merupakan inti dari segala yang ada di muka bumi, mulai dari manusia yang tercipta dari tanah, malaikat dari cahaya, iblis dari api, meja dari kayu, guci dari tanah liat dan lain sebagainya. Namun yang tidak patut dipikirkan adalah materi apa yang menyebabkan Allah tercipta. Begitulah paham yang diorasikan oleh tokoh filsuf Karl Marx dari Jerman dengan aliran Materialism, Kapitalisme, Dan Sosialisme yang bermuara pada Komunis yang tidak mempercayai akan adanya tuhan dan agama. Dalam Islam hal tersebut sangat bertolak belakang dengan syariat, baik dalam bidang ekonomi, sosial, dan ketuhanan.
Materialisme yang secara garis besar dikatakan sebagai aliran dengan menuhankan benda tanpa percaya adanya tuhan, dibantah oleh kisah Amr bin Jamuh yang menemukan bahwa sebuah benda tidak ada apa-apanya dibanding kekuasaan Allah. Tanpa disadari bahwa tuhan dan agama amat sangat berpengaruh dalam setiap tatanan kehidupan manusia. Dengan bisa lebih beriman pada Allah dan mentarbiyahkan hati agar terhindar dari penyakit hati maka kitapun sebagai seorang muslim akan mengatakan bahwa paham tersebut adalah tidak sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam.
Romances familiares e heranças psicossociais
Authors: Carreteiro Teresa Cristina Othenio Cordeiro , Massa Ana de Santa Cecília , Rodriguez Luciana da Silva 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo examina a influência da família e dos efeitos das heranças psicossociais na trajetória do sujeito. A psicossociologia – e suas interseções com a psicanálise e a sociologia – é discutida como referencial teórico-metodológico que possibilita explorar essa problemática. O estudo “Romance Familiar e a Trajetória Social”, que se apoia no método de história de vida em grupo, fundamenta a discussão, que é seguida pela análise do relato de uma participante de um grupo intitulado “Mudanças de vida: entre perdas e vínculos", que nos fornece elementos para discutir a transmissão sociopsíquica entre gerações e seus traços nas produções subjetivas do indivíduo.
Observing animals and humans: dogs target their gaze to the biological information in natural scenes
Authors: Törnqvist Heini , Somppi Sanni , Kujala Miiamaaria V. , Vainio Outi 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThis study examines how dogs observe images of natural scenes containing living creatures (wild animals, dogs and humans) recorded with eye gaze tracking. Because dogs have had limited exposure to wild animals in their lives, we also consider the natural novelty of the wild animal images for the dogs.MethodsThe eye gaze of dogs was recorded while they viewed natural images containing dogs, humans, and wild animals. Three categories of images were used: naturalistic landscape images containing single humans or animals, full body images containing a single human or an animal, and full body images containing a pair of humans or animals. The gazing behavior of two dog populations, family and kennel dogs, were compared.ResultsAs a main effect, dogs gazed at living creatures (object areas) longer than the background areas of the images; heads longer than bodies; heads longer than background areas; and bodies longer than background areas. Dogs gazed less at the object areasvs.the background in landscape images than in the other image categories. Both dog groups also gazed wild animal heads longer than human or dog heads in the images. When viewing single animal and human images, family dogs focused their gaze very prominently on the head areas, but in images containing a pair of animals or humans, they gazed more at the body than the head areas. In kennel dogs, the difference in gazing times of the head and body areas within single or paired images failed to reach significance.DiscussionDogs focused their gaze on living creatures in all image categories, also detecting them in the natural landscape images. Generally, they also gazed at the biologically informative areas of the images, such as the head, which supports the importance of the head/face area for dogs in obtaining social information. The natural novelty of the species represented in the images as well as the image category affected the gazing behavior of dogs. Furthermore, differences in the gazing strategy between family and kennel dogs was obtained, suggesting an influence of different social living environments and life experiences.
Characteristics of chiropractic patients treated at the University of Johannesburg chiropractic student clinic and relevance to the educational process
Authors: Ismail Fatima , Booysen Naomi , Yelverton Christopher , Peterson Cynthia 
Published: December 2020

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the demographic and descriptive information of new patients presenting to an educational institution–based chiropractic student clinic in South Africa that could then be used to draw comparisons to other international chiropractic student clinics and local practices.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective descriptive study of all new patient files from January 1, 2016, to July 31, 2016. The variables extracted were age, health profiles, number of musculoskeletal complaints, treatment protocol, and number of treatments that patients received for the initial complaint. Data were analyzed using cross-tabulations and multidimensional χ2 tests.

Results
There were 865 files reviewed. Most patients were aged between 20 and 24 years. Lumbar and pelvic complaints were most common (42.2%), followed by the cervical spine (28%). Lumbar (18.8%) and cervical (16.8%) biomechanical conditions, followed by lumbar myofascial pain syndrome (7.6%), were the most common problems. Musculoskeletal conditions were reported in 99% of cases. The majority (80%) of patients received 9 or fewer treatments for their initial complaint. Manipulation was used in 93.9% of cases, followed by mobilization (8.8%), interferential current (23.5%), and dry needling (19.1%).

Conclusions
Data gathered suggest that there are some general similarities with international training institutions. There are also differences between the study sample and international institutions and South African private chiropractic practice. The dissimilarities were a younger patient population, a lower number of treatment visits, and low exposure to nonmusculoskeletal conditions. These differences may affect the breadth of student education and require further investigation.
Production Orientation of KVK Adopted Farmers: The Socio-Ecological Estimation and Interpretation
Authors: Biswas Amitava , Mahato Mrityunjoy , Ghosh Arindam , Haque Monirul , Ghoshal Swagata , Mazumder Debashis , Acharya S. K. 
Published: December 2020

Krishi Vigyan Kendra was established initially to impart training to the different stakeholders of the farming community as a method of technology delivery system. As the time passed by this grass root institution has undergone a tremendous change, starting from technology generation, testing, verification and ultimately onwards transmission to the end users for the enhancement of the productivity in particular and for the overall socio- economic development of the rural people in general with its mandated programmes. The work was conducted with 10 independent variables and one dependent variable-.i.e. Production orientation (y). Purposive as well as simple random techniques were adopted for the study. Among 50 adopted KVK farmers of the selected villages only 22 adopted farmers have been randomly selected and more 22 non adopted farmers and thus altogether 44 farmers have been randomly selected for the study. The results revealed that adoption of improved and newer technology requires decision by farmers, and scientific orientation is a degree to which respondents can orient to the use of scientific methods in relation to adoption behavior. It is an important psychological factor in decision making process. It is concluded that people with progressive attitude will always try to involve themselves in all activities through which more annual income can be achieved and education plays a vital role for adoption process. Training plays important role for improvement of KVK. In the last phase of stepwise regression analysis it is seen that mechanization in family has got some functional impact on production orientation. Mechanization in family determines the adoption of new technology which increases farm production. So it is clear that KVK is an institutional project of ICAR to demonstrate the application of science and technology input of agricultural research and education in the farmers field in the rural areas.
Farmers Attitude towards Use of Trichocompost
Authors: Bagchi S. , Islam M. N. , Riad M. M. , Mohsin S. M. , Uddin M. Y. 
Published: December 2020

This purpose of this study was to assess the farmers attitude towards Trichocompost use, to determine and describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the tricho-compost farmers and identify the problems being confronted towards using Trichoderma by the farmers. Data were collected from 66 randomly selected farmers from Kamarpara, Chupinagar Union, Shajahanpur Upazilla and the Vasubihar, Juanpur, Katabaria, Maria, Chalapara, Charpara, Chakpahari, Mirpara, Panai, Birkedar, Ghashuria, Mirzapur, Adamzamur, Chomorpathalia, Khidiehashra, Chowkibari, Chalkjaphu, Majbari project site of water saving project in Bogura district in Bangladesh during January to March 2020. The findings reveal that, majority of the respondents (59 percent) were middle age category and 39 percent respondent were having secondary level education. Most of the respondents were under small family category (45 percent) and majority (64 percent) of them had a small farm size and 78.8 percent of the respondents had high agricultural knowledge. A quarter of them (24 percent) were found into medium income group and 29 percent farmers received short training and two-third majority of the farmers (68 percent) had high knowledge on Trichoderma. As far as their attitude towards tricho-compost was concerned, majority of the farmers were positive towards good soil health condition, easy application, cheap production cost and more effective than traditional compost and found to have a negative attitude towards its adoption as it is untraditional compost.
Sustainability in Planning Landscape Areas of Konya Province in Turkey
Authors: Tulukcu Eray 
Published: December 2020

Konya province (KP) is located in the middle of Turkey has rich plant diversity and production potential. It is known that the plants used in landscaping are selected from the mother-nature and has improved over time. Some of the ornamental plants have medicinal value.In landscape projects, the plants form living material have aesthetic value, some of them have medicinal value also are the reason for their preference in the landscape project.
In this study, the plants in the recreational parks of KP were examined, especially the medicinal and aromatic ones. It has been observed that, while planning the landscape areas as well as water management, the selection of plants is an important criteria for ensuring the sustainability and cost efficiency. The average annual precipitation in Konya is around 300-350 mm, the summer months are hot and dry, whereas a harsh and snowy climate in winters. While selecting the plants for a region, the climatic conditions should be considered. In places, where the summer months are dry, the choice of plants should be based on drought tolerance as well as visuality of plants that makes good use of water.
Evaluating the Agreement between the Twin-Block Appliance and a New Low-Cost Arch Development Appliance in Changing the Mandibular Length
Authors: Jayathilake A. M. Imanthi C. K. , Nawarathna Lakshika S. , Nagarathne S. P. N. P. 
Published: December 2020

Aim: The main objective of this study is to compare the development of mandibular length by comparing the effectiveness of a new low-cost arch development appliance in increasing the length of the mandible with the twin block appliance (Twin-B).
Methodology: This analysis was performed on patients who attended the clinic in the Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya. The sample included 60 subjects treated with Twin-B (n=30) and new low-cost arch development (n=30) appliances and each appliance comprised 15 males and females. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) were calculated to check the agreement between the two methods. A mixed-effects model was fitted to predict mandibular length, and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), and log-likelihood were used for selecting the best model.
Results: It was observed that the Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC) for after treatment as 0.9172 with a (0.8488, 0.9555) 95% confidence interval. Furthermore, it gives a Pearson correlation of 0.9609 and bias correlation factor of 0.9545. ICC values after treatment for both single measures and average measures are 0.9499 and 0.9743 with the 95% confidence intervals (0.8976, 0.9758) and (0.9460, 0.9878) respectively.
Conclusion: Besides, both Twin-B and new low-cost arch development appliances have a better agreement and can be used interchangeably. Therefore, the new low-cost arch development appliance is more suitable as a treatment for malocclusion for Sri Lankan patients as it is less expensive, simpler and, less invasive.