bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study on total protein, plant protein and animal protein in relation to the risk of incident chronic kidney disease
Authors: Alvirdizadeh Sevda , Yuzbashian Emad , Mirmiran Parvin , Eghtesadi Shahryar , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe link between dietary protein intake and the risk of kidney dysfunction is always a challenging issue. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between total protein, plant protein, and animal protein intake with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsThis study was performed on 1639 adults aged ≥27 years who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Dietary data were evaluated using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Total protein content, plant protein, and animal protein of each participant were calculated. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 60 mL / min / 1.73 m2has been considered as the definition of CKD. Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated using logistic regression to show the association between the risk of incident CKD and dietary exposures.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, total energy intake, total fiber intake, dietary fat, physical activity, diabetes, and hypertension, there was no significant association of total protein and animal protein consumptions with the incidence of CKD. After adjustment for confounders, compared with the lowest tertile of plant protein consumption, OR of incident CKD in the highest tertile was 0.29 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.15 to 0.55) with a significant trend (Pfor trend < 0.001).ConclusionThe results of this study confirmed an inverse association between plant protein intake and the risk of incident CKD, which demonstrates the protective role of plant-based protein in a diet on kidney function.
Bortezomib administration is a risk factor associated with the development of tumor lysis syndrome in male patients with multiple myeloma: a retrospective study
Authors: Kondo Masahiro , Hotta Yuji , Yamauchi Karen , Sanagawa Akimasa , Komatsu Hirokazu , Iida Shinsuke , Kimura Kazunori 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Novel agents such as proteasome inhibitors have been developed for several years to treat multiple myeloma. Although multiple myeloma is a low-risk disease for developing tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), treatment with these novel therapies might increase TLS risk. Previous studies, mostly case reports or case series, have reported bortezomib-induced TLS in patients with multiple myeloma. This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with TLS development in multiple myeloma patients.

Methods
We retrospectively investigated incidences of laboratory and clinical TLS (LTLS and CTLS, respectively) in patients who received primary therapy for treatment-naive, symptomatic multiple myeloma between May 2007 and January 2018. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to evaluate the associations between TLS and several parameters previously reported to be associated with increased risk.

Results
This study included 210 patients with multiple myeloma, of which ten (4.8%) had LTLS and seven (3.3%) had CTLS. The characteristics of the administered anticancer or prophylactic antihyperuricemic agents were similar between patients with and without TLS. Multivariate analyses revealed that TLS was most strongly associated with bortezomib-containing therapy (odds ratio = 3.40, P = 0.069), followed by male sex (odds ratio = 2.29, P = 0.153). In a subgroup analysis focused on men, treatment with bortezomib-containing therapy was significantly associated with increased risk of TLS (odds ratio = 8.51, P = 0.046).

Conclusion
In the present study, we investigated the risk factors associated with TLS development in 210 multiple myeloma patients, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the largest number of patients reported to date. Furthermore, this study is the first to evaluate TLS risk factors in MM by adjusting for the effects of potential confounding factors in patients’ backgrounds. Consequently, we found that bortezomib-containing therapy increases the risk of TLS in male patients with multiple myeloma. TLS risk should be evaluated further in low-risk diseases such as multiple myeloma, since a significant number of novel therapies can achieve high antitumor responses.
Determinants of anxiety and depression in patients with cubital tunnel syndrome
Authors: Jia Siming , Shi Xiaoying , Liu Guanglian , Wang Li , Zhang Xiaoran , Ma Xuelin , Li Jia , Shao Xinzhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this cross-sectional study to assess the proportions of anxiety and depression in patients with CuTS, and to explore the associated demographic and clinical features.

Methods
From May 2011 to January 2017, 246 patients diagnosed with CuTS were recruited. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess the proportions of depression and anxiety. Patient demographic and clinical data were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate regression were carried out to identify the variables that were independently associated with anxiety and depression.

Results
The proportions of depression and anxiety were 17.9% (n = 44) and 14.2% (n = 35), respectively. Five patients had both possible/probable anxiety and depression. Logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus was independently associated with depression; and the modified McGowan grade was independently associated with anxiety.

Conclusions
In patients with CuTS, the proportions of depression and anxiety were 17.9% and 14.2%, respectively. Early screening for anxiety and depression is beneficial for patients with CuTS.
The RESPECT study: a feasibility randomised controlled trial of a sexual health promotion intervention for people with serious mental illness in community mental health services in the UK
Authors: Hughes Elizabeth , Mitchell Natasha , Gascoyne Samantha , Moe-Byrne Thirimon , Edmondson Amanda , Coleman Elizabeth , Millett Lottie , Ali Shehzad , Cournos Francine , Dare Ceri , Hewitt Catherine , Johnson Sonia , Kaur Harminder Dosanjh , McKinnon Karen , Mercer Catherine , Nolan Fiona , Walker Charlotte , Wainberg Milton , Watson Judith 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
People with serious mental illness (SMI) have sexual health needs but there is little evidence to inform effective interventions to address them. In fact, there are few studies that have addressed this topic for people with SMI outside USA and Brazil. Therefore, the aim of the study was to establish the acceptability and feasibility of a trial of a sexual health promotion intervention for people with SMI in the UK.

Method
The RESPECT study was a two-armed randomised controlled, open feasibility trial (RCT) comparing Sexual health promotion intervention (3 individual sessions of 1 h) (I) or treatment as usual (TAU) for adults aged 18 or over, with SMI, within community mental health services in four UK cities. The main outcome of interest was the percentage who consented to participate, and retained in each arm of the trial, retention for the intervention, and completeness of data collection. A nested qualitative study obtained the views of participants regarding the acceptability of the study using individual telephone interviews conducted by lived experience researchers.

Results
Of a target sample of 100, a total of 72 people were enrolled in the trial over 12 months. Recruitment in the initial months was low and so an extension was granted. However this extension meant that the later recruited participants would only be followed up to the 3 month point. There was good retention in the intervention and the study as a whole; 77.8% of those allocated to intervention (n = 28) received it. At three months, 81.9% (30 I; 29 TAU) and at 6 months, 76.3% (13 I and 16 TAU) completed the follow-up data collection. No adverse events were reported. There was good completeness of the data. The sexual health outcomes for the intervention group changed in favour of the intervention. Based on analysis of the qualitative interviews, the methods of recruitment, the quality of the participant information, the data collection, and the intervention were deemed to be acceptable to the participants (n = 22).

Conclusions
The target of 100 participants was not achieved within the study’s timescale. However, effective strategies were identified that improved recruitment in the final few months. Retention rates and completeness of data in both groups indicate that it is acceptable and feasible to undertake a study promoting sexual health for people with SMI. A fully powered RCT is required to establish effectiveness of the intervention in adoption of safer sex.

Study registration
ISRCTN RegistryISRCTN15747739 prospectively registered 5th July 2016.
Testing the effect of summer camp on excess summer weight gain in youth from low-income households: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Evans E. Whitney , Wing Rena R. , Pierre Denise F. , Howie Whitney C. , Brinker Morgan , Jelalian Elissa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundChildren from racial and ethnic minority groups, low-income households, and those with overweight or obesity gain more weight during the summer than the school year. Summer day camps, which offer routine opportunities for physical activity and regular meal and snack times, have potential to mitigate excess weight gain. This randomized controlled trial was done to determine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of summer camp in preventing excess summer weight gain among youth from low-income households.MethodsChildren, ages 6 to 12 years, were randomized to attend 8-weeks of summer day camp (CAMP) or to experience an unstructured summer as usual (SAU) in 2017–2018. Primary feasibility outcomes included retention, engagement and completion of midsummer measures. Secondary outcomes included changes in BMIz, engagement in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior, and diet quality and energy intake from the school year to summer. Multivariable linear mixed models were used to assess group differences.ResultsNinety-four participants were randomized to CAMP (n = 46) or SAU (n = 48), of whom 93.0 and 91.6% completed end of school and end of summer assessments, respectively. While CAMP participants attended only 50% of camp days offered, on average, they lost − 0.03 BMIz units while those in SAU gained 0.07 BMIz units over the summer (b = 0.10;p = .02). Group differences in change in energy intake from the school year to summer were borderline significant, as energy intake remained relatively unchanged in CAMP participants but increased among participants in SAU (p = 0.07).ConclusionsRandomizing children to attend summer day camp or experience an unstructured summer as usual was effective in this low-income sample. Our findings support the potential for summer camps in mitigating excess summer weight gain. A larger randomized trial is needed explore efficacy, cost-effectiveness and longer-term effects of attending summer camp on weight and weight-related behaviors.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govRegistration:NCT04085965(09/2019, retrospective registration).
Characterisation of long-term cancer survivors and application of statistical cure models: a protocol for an observational follow-up study in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Pértega-Díaz Sonia , Balboa-Barreiro Vanesa , Seijo-Bestilleiro Rocío , González-Martín Cristina , Pardeiro-Pértega Remedios , Yáñez-González-Dopeso Loreto , García-Rodríguez Teresa , Seoane-Pillado Teresa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundImproved colorectal cancer (CRC) survival rates have been reported over the last years, with more than half of these patients surviving more than 5 years after the initial diagnosis. Better understanding these so-called long-term survivors could be very useful to further improve their prognosis as well as to detect other problems that may cause a significant deterioration in their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Cure models provide novel statistical tools to better estimate the long-term survival rate for cancer and to identify characteristics that are differentially associated with a short or long-term prognosis. The aim of this study will be to investigate the long-term prognosis of CRC patients, characterise long-term CRC survivors and their HRQoL, and demonstrate the utility of statistical cure models to analyse survival and other associated factors in these patients.MethodsThis is a single-centre, ambispective, observational follow-up study in a cohort ofn = 1945 patients with CRC diagnosed between 2006 and 2013. A HRQoL sub-study will be performed in the survivors of a subset ofn = 485 CRC patients for which baseline HRQoL data from the time of their diagnosis is already available. Information obtained from interviews and the clinical records for each patient in the cohort is already available in a computerised database from previous studies. This data includes sociodemographic characteristics, family history of cancer, comorbidities, perceived symptoms, tumour characteristics at diagnosis, type of treatment, and diagnosis and treatment delay intervals. For the follow-up, information regarding local recurrences, development of metastases, new tumours, and mortality will be updated using hospital records. The HRQoL for long-term survivors will be assessed with the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29 questionnaires.An analysis of global and specific survival (competitive risk models) will be performed. Relative survival will be estimated and mixture cure models will be applied. Finally, HRQoL will be analysed through multivariate regression models.DiscussionWe expect the results from this study to help us to more accurately determine the long-term survival of CRC, identify the needs and clinical situation of long-term CRC survivors, and could be used to propose new models of care for the follow-up of CRC patients.
Establishing consensus on key public health indicators for the monitoring and evaluating childhood obesity interventions: a Delphi panel study
Authors: O’Donnell Shane , Doyle Gerardine , O’Malley Grace , Browne Sarah , O’Connor James , Mars Monica , Kechadi M-Tahar M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundChildhood obesity is influenced by myriad individual, societal and environmental factors that are not typically reflected in current interventions. Socio-ecological conditions evolve and require ongoing monitoring in terms of assessing their influence on child health. The aim of this study was to identify and prioritise indicators deemed relevant by public health authorities for monitoring and evaluating childhood obesity interventions.MethodA three-round Delphi Panel composed of experts from regions across Europe, with a remit in childhood obesity intervention, were asked to identify indicators that were a priority in their efforts to address childhood obesity in their respective jurisdictions. In Round 1, 16 panellists answered a series of open-ended questions to identify the most relevant indicators concerning the evaluation and subsequent monitoring of interventions addressing childhood obesity, focusing on three main domains: built environments, dietary environments, and health inequalities. In Rounds 2 and 3, panellists rated the importance of each of the identified indicators within these domains, and the responses were then analysed quantitatively.ResultsTwenty-seven expert panellists were invited to participate in the study. Of these, 16/27 completed round 1 (5 9% response rate), 14/16 completed round 2 (87.5% response rate), and 8/14 completed the third and final round (57% response rate). Consensus (defined as > 70% agreement) was reached on a total of 45 of the 87 indicators (49%) across three primary domains (built and dietary environments and health inequalities), with 100% consensus reached for 5 of these indicators (6%).ConclusionForty-five potential indicators were identified, pertaining primarily to the dietary environment, built environment and health inequalities. These results have important implications more widely for evaluating interventions aimed at childhood obesity reduction and prevention.
Antibiotic resistant Cutibacterium acnes among acne patients in Jordan: a cross sectional study
Authors: Alkhawaja Eman , Hammadi Saleem , Abdelmalek Medhat , Mahasneh Naser , Alkhawaja Bayan , Abdelmalek Suzanne M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Antibiotics have been used for decades against Cutibacterium acnes (previously known as Propionibacterium acnes; C. acnes). Alarmingly, antibiotic resistance to this bacterium has become a worldwide problem in recent years. No studies are available on the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of C. acnes among Jordanian acne patients and how that is influenced by antibiotic use.
This study aims to assess antibiotic resistance patterns of C. acnes clinical isolates and neighboring Gram-positive normal flora of the skin obtained from acne patients attending dermatology clinics in Amman –Jordan appraising the role of antibiotic consumption.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study of acne patients presenting to selected dermatology outpatient clinics over a 6-month study period. Swabs obtained from inflamed lesions were cultured aerobically and anaerobically. Isolates were identified and screened for antibiotic susceptibility. In addition, all patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire that included questions about the history of antibiotic treatment.

Results
C. acnes was isolated from lesions of 100 patients out of 115 participants included in this study. 73% of the isolates were resistant to erythromycin and 59% to clindamycin 37% to doxycycline, 36% to tetracycline, 31% to trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole, 15% to levofloxacin, and 3% to minocycline. Multi drug resistance (MDR) in C. acnes isolates as well as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) with a similar pattern of resistance were detected from the same patient in most cases. A pattern of higher resistance towards variable antibiotic was observed in patients previously treated with antibiotics for acne management.

Conclusions
The findings of this study demonstrate the distribution of antibiotic resistance of C. acnes towards used antibiotics and emphasizes the influence of antibiotic consumption on development of antibiotic resistance. The similar pattern of resistance between skin bacteria tested in this study highlights the genetic transfer of resistance between skin commensals including S. aureus and S. epidermidis hence promoting its circulation in the community.
Psychological characteristics of students in learning clinical interview skills with the use of virtual patient
Authors: Zalewski Bartosz , Walkiewicz Maciej , Guziak Mateusz 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The goal of this exploratory study is to analyse which psychological characteristics of students are related to the effectiveness of learning clinical interview skills with the use of a virtual patient (VP).

Methods
The sample consisted of 29 final-year clinical psychology students. The authors’ VP tool was used for measuring and teaching clinical interview skills: building contact with the patient, gathering important information, and identifying the students’ mistakes. Psychological questionnaires were used to measure the students’ psychological features: need for cognitive closure, ability to achieve cognitive structure, beliefs in the changeability of human traits, level of hope, intelligence, positive vs negative affect, and academic knowledge.

Results
The most important aspect of the diagnostician’s psychological features which substantially influence effectiveness of learning interview skills is belief in the stability or changeability of human traits and the need to achieve cognitive closure. Participants who have a belief in human changeability are able to perform the task correctly even without training, while those who believe in human stability improve only slightly with training. Students with lower need of cognitive closure successfully learned to build a good relation with the patient.

Conclusions
The study allows a better understanding of the phenomena occurring during the learning of clinical interview skills with the use of a VP.
Improving walking speed reduces hospitalization costs in outpatients with cardiovascular disease. An analysis based on a multistrata non-parametric test
Authors: Bonnini Stefano , Mazzoni Gianni , Borghesi Michela , Chiaranda Giorgio , Myers Jonathan , Mandini Simona , Raisi Andrea , Masotti Sabrina , Grazzi Giovanni 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the association between walking speed (WS) and its improvement on hospitalization rates and costs in outpatients with cardiovascular disease.MethodsSix hundred forty-nine patients participating in an exercise-based secondary prevention program were studied. Patients were divided at baseline into two groups characterized by low and high WS based on the average WS maintained during a moderate 1-km treadmill-walking test. WS and other covariates were grouped into three domains (demographic factors, medical history and risk factors), and used to estimate a propensity score, in order to create homogeneous groups of patients. All-cause hospitalization was assessed 3 years after baseline as a function of WS. Hospitalization and related costs were also assessed during the fourth-to-sixth years after enrollment. To test whether the hospitalization costs were related to changes in WS after 36 months, a multistrata permutation test was performed by combining within strata partial tests.ResultsThe results support the hypothesis that hospitalization costs are significantly reduced in accordance with an improvement in WS. This effect is most evident among older patients, overweight or obese, smokers, and those without a history of coronary artery bypass surgery.ConclusionsThe present study supports growing evidence of an inverse association between WS, risk of hospitalization and consequent health-care costs. The joint use of propensity score and multistrata permutation approaches represent a flexible and robust testing method which avoids the possible effects of several confounding factors typical of these studies.
Chlamydia trachomatis transmission between the oropharynx, urethra and anorectum in men who have sex with men: a mathematical model
Authors: Xu Xianglong , Chow Eric P. F. , Ong Jason J. , Hoebe Christian J. P. A. , Zou Zhuoru , Hocking Jane S. , Fairley Christopher K. , Zhang Lei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt has been presumed thatChlamydia trachomatisis transmitted between men only through anal or oral sex, but no mathematical models have tested this presumption.MethodsTo test this presumption, we created 20 compartmental mathematical models of different sexual practices that included both oral and anal sex and calibrated these models to the observed rates ofChlamydia trachomatisinfection at three anatomical sites from 4888 men who have sex with men (MSM) in Melbourne Sexual Health Centre during 2018–2019.ResultsA model that included only oral and anal sex could replicate the observed rates of single-site infection at the oropharynx, urethra and rectum alone, but could not replicate infection at more than one of these sites (multisite). However, if we included transmission from sexual practices that followed one another in the same sexual episode (e.g. saliva contamination of the penis from oral sex transmitting chlamydia to the rectum by anal sex), we significantly improved the calibration of multisite infection rates substantially.ConclusionsOur modelling study suggests that transmission routes other than just oral and anal sex are necessary to explain the high rate ofChlamydia trachomatisinfection at more than one site.