bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunable Stokes laser based on the cascaded stimulated polariton scattering and stimulated Raman scattering in RbTiOPO4 crystal
Authors: Gao Feilong , Zhang Xingyu , Cong Zhenhua , Liu Zhaojun , Chen Xiaohan , Qin Zengguang , Wang Peng , Xu Jinjin 
Published: January 2020

Stimulated polariton scattering (SPS) and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in

R
b
T
i
O
P
O

4

(RTP) crystal are combined in an intracavity-pumped Stokes parametric oscillator (SPO) to extend the tunable Stokes laser spectral range. The pumping laser wavelength is 1064 nm from a diode-end-pumped acousto-optically Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. By the SPS process in the SPO, the SPS-Stokes wave can be discontinuously tuned in the range of 1075.7–1076.0 nm, 1077.7–1080.4 nm, 1081.8–1082.2 nm, and 1084.8–1087.8 nm, respectively. By the following SRS process in the same RTP crystal, the laser wavelength is further shifted in the range of 1107.7–1108.1 nm, 1109.0–1112.7 nm, 1114.3–1115.1 nm, and 1117.8–1121.1 nm, respectively. A maximal average output power of 970 mW is achieved for the SRS-Stokes wave at the peak wavelength of 1118.8 nm. It is obtained when the diode power is 7.9 W, and the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is 10 kHz.
Antidiabetes and Antioxidant agents from Clausena excavata root as medicinal plant of Myanmar
Authors: Thant T. M. , Aminah N. S. , Kristanti A. N. , Ramadhan R. , Aung H. T. , Takaya Y. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAll around the world, patients with diabetes and the prevalence of its disease are currently growing. Due to these side effects of oral hypoglycemic agents and oxidative stress in complicating diabetes, there is growing interest in drugs, which possess dual function as both type II diabetes mellitus treatment and oxidative stress treatment. The objective of this research is to search effective antidiabetes and antioxidant bioactive compounds from the Myanmar medicinal plantClausena excavata. The root part ofC. excavatawas successfully extracted with 95% ethanol and followed by column chromatographic separation technique. The structure of isolated pure compounds was elucidated by using methods of spectroscopic such as UV-Vis, IR, NMR and HRFABMS spectrometry. The α-glucosidase inhibition assay was performed against baker’s yeast and rat intestine (sucrose and maltase) α-glucosidases. The activity of isolated compounds’ antioxidant was measured by using DPPH assay. Among the tested enzymes, the two isolated compounds, which were dentatin (1) and heptaphylline (2), exhibited highest inhibitory on maltase enzymes with IC50values 6.75 and 11.46 μM; as positive control, acarbose (IC50, 2.35 μM) was utilized. Moreover, scavenging activity was found to be present upon seeing the result of antioxidant activity investigation of (1) and (2) (IC50values 2.66 and 1.55 mM), where ascorbic acid (IC500.012 mM) was used as standard. Both compounds showed their antidiabetic and antioxidant activity with different fashion, especially exhibited strongest activity against on maltase α-glucosidase.
The Influence Of NO/O2 On The NOx Storage Properties Over A Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: Feng Xuedong , Yi Jing , Luo Peng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWith the purpose of studying the influence of NO/O2 on the NOx storage activity, a Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was synthesized by an acid-aided sol-gel method. The physical and chemical properties of the catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) methods. The results showed that the composition of the catalyst was well-crystallized and the crystalline size of CeO2 (111) was about 5.7 nm. The mechanism of NO and NO2 storage and NOx temperature programmed desorption (NO-TPD) experiments were investigated to evaluate the NOx storage capacity of the catalyst. Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 catalyst presented the supreme NOx storage performance at 350℃, and the maximum value reached to 668.8 μmol / gcat. Compared with O2-free condition, NO oxidation to NO2 by O2 had a beneficial effect on the storage performance of NOx. NO-TPD test results showed that the NOx species stored on the catalyst surface still kept relatively stable even below 350℃.
Screening Study on Rheological Behavior and Phase Transition Point of Polymer-containing Fluids produced under the Oil Freezing Point Temperature
Authors: Zhu Lingyue , Dong Jing , Jiang Wei , Yuan Dandan , Jiang Hong , Yan Chao , Wang Baohui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFor an increasing implementation of the low-temperature transportation in oilfield, it is urgent priority initially to study the physical and chemical properties to provide the vital technical support for the low-temperature transport of the polymer flooding. In this paper, the rheological behavior of polymer-containing fluid produced from the Daqing polymer flood were first studied for an adaptation of transportation under the oil’s freezing point temperature. The experiments progressed with different temperature, shear rate, water content and polymer concentration which have great impacts on the viscosity of the fluids produced aiming to find the phase transportation point for the application of the low-temperature transportation. It was displayed that a significant discontinuity in the viscosity occurs at some range of water content. Before the phase transition point, presented in W/O (water-in-oil) emulsion, the viscosity was lifted with the increase of the water content while after the phase transition point, forming the O/W (oil-in-water) type emulsion, the viscosity was dropped with an increase of water content. The phase transition points strongly depend on the polymer concentration in the fluids Produced. It was demonstrated that the phase transition points of polymer-containing fluids were 65%, 70%, 50%, 50% and 50%, corresponding to the polymer concentrations of 315mg/L, 503mg/L, 708mg/L, 920mg/L and 1053mg/L, respectively. The characteristics are attributed to the viscous polymer. The fluidity of the fluid produced was decreased with the increase of polymer concentration.
Phenomenology and Experimental Psychology: On the Prospects and Limitations of Experimental Research for a Phenomenological Epistemology
Authors: Berghofer Philipp 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology is first and foremost a science of the structures of consciousness. Since it is intended to yield eidetic, i. e., a priori insights, it is often assumed that transcendental phenomenology and the natural sciences are totally detached from each other such that phenomenological investigations cannot possibly benefit from empirical evidence. The aim of this paper is to show that a beneficial relationship is possible. To be more precise, I will show how Husserl’s a priori investigations on consciousness can be supplemented by research in experimental psychology in order to tackle fundamental questions in epistemology. Our result will be a phenomenological conception of experiential justification that is in accordance with and supported by empirical phenomena such as perceptual learning and the phenomenon of blindsight. Finally, I shall shed light on the systematic limits of empirical research.
Knowledge Sharing at the Overstrand Municipality in Western Cape Hermanus, South Africa
Authors: May Belinda Louise , Fombad Madeleine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractService delivery remains a challenge in post-apartheid South Africa, notwithstanding the proactive legislations that have been in place since the end of apartheid in 1994 to ensure that municipalities enhance the developmental path through service delivery. Given the increasing interest in prioritising knowledge sharing in municipalities, this article advocates for knowledge sharing as a tool to improve service delivery at South African municipalities. It investigates knowledge sharing at the Overstrand municipality in Cape Town, South Africa and adopts a qualitative approach, using convenient sampling and semi-structured interviews. South Africa is a multicultural country where municipalities are recovering from the inequalities and disparities of apartheid. The article identifies methods of knowledge sharing; establishes the barriers to effective knowledge sharing; and suggests ways in which knowledge sharing could be enhanced at the municipality. Data was collected from the different departments of the Overstrand municipality. The findings reveal that knowledge sharing continues to remain a challenge although participants understood and recognised its importance. A lack of trust, poor communication between senior and junior colleagues, a lack of incentives and recognition, fear of losing one’s job and the absence of a formal strategy, relevant information and communication technology make knowledge sharing challenging. The article recommends a formal knowledge management strategy; a knowledge sharing culture; the use of ICTs for knowledge management and the need for leaders to champion knowledge sharing in all the departments of the Overstrand municipality. Although there is emerging research on knowledge management in the public sector, there is a dearth of research on municipalities.
Mating Behavioral Function of Preoptic Galanin Neurons Is Shared between Fish with Alternative Male Reproductive Tactics and Tetrapods
Authors: Tripp Joel A. , Salas-Allende Isabella , Makowski Andrea , Bass Andrew H. 
Published: January 2020

Understanding the contribution of neuropeptide-containing neurons to variation in social behavior remains critically important. Galanin has gained increased attention because of the demonstration that galanin neurons in the preoptic area (POA) promote mating and parental care in mammals. How widespread these mechanisms are among vertebrates essentially remains unexplored, especially among teleost fishes, which comprise nearly one-half of living vertebrate species. Teleosts with alternative reproductive tactics exhibit stereotyped patterns of social behavior that diverge widely between individuals within a sex. This includes midshipman that have two male morphs. Type I males mate using either acoustic courtship to attract females to enter a nest they guard or cuckoldry during which they steal fertilizations from a nest-holding male using a sneak or satellite spawning tactic, whereas type II males only cuckold. Using the neural activity marker phospho-S6, we show increased galanin neuron activation in courting type I males during mating that is not explained by their courtship vocalizations, parental care of eggs, or nest defense against cuckolders. This increase is not observed during mating in cuckolders of either morph or females (none of which show parental care). Together with their role in mating in male mammals, the results demonstrate an unexpectedly specific and deep-rooted, phylogenetically shared behavioral function for POA galanin neurons. The results also point to galanin-dependent circuitry as a potential substrate for the evolution of divergent phenotypes within one sex and provide new functional insights into how POA populations in teleosts compare to the POA and anterior hypothalamus of tetrapods.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStudies of neuropeptide regulation of vertebrate social behavior have mainly focused on the vasopressin-oxytocin family. Recently, galanin has received attention as a regulator of social behavior largely because of studies demonstrating that galanin neurons in the preoptic area (POA) promote mating and parental care in mammals. Species with alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) exhibit robust, consistent differences in behavioral phenotypes between individuals within a sex. Taking advantage of this trait, we show POA galanin neurons are specifically active during mating in one of two male reproductive tactics, but not other mating-related behaviors in a fish with ARTs. The results demonstrate a deep, phylogenetically shared role for POA galanin neurons in reproductive-related social behaviors with implications for the evolution of ARTs.
Goals and Development of the Alaska Volcano Observatory Seismic Network and Application to Forecasting and Detecting Volcanic Eruptions
Authors: Power John A. , Haney Mathew M. , Botnick Stephen M. , Dixon James P. , Fee David , Kaufman A. Max , Ketner Dane M. , Lyons John J. , Parker Tom , Paskievitch John F. , Read Cyrus W. , Searcy Cheryl , Stihler Scott D. , Tepp Gabrielle , Wech Aaron G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) seismic network has been in operation since 1988 and during this time has grown from 29 to 217 seismic stations providing real-time monitoring of 32 active volcanoes in Alaska, as well as useful data for regional earthquake monitoring. Since 1988, AVO has detected 59 volcanic eruptions at Aleutian arc volcanoes, and 31 of these have been captured by local seismic instrumentation. As part of this monitoring effort, AVO has cataloged more than 120,000 earthquake hypocenters and magnitudes associated with volcanic processes throughout the arc. This high rate of volcanic activity provides an excellent opportunity to study seismicity associated with magmatic and eruptive processes and develop and refine analytical techniques to track volcanic seismicity and warn of hazardous eruptions. The network is currently undergoing an extensive upgrade, replacing aging short-period analog seismometers with digital broadband instruments. These are expected to improve AVO’s seismic capability and further facilitate other geophysical instrumentation such as continuous Global Positioning System receivers, infrasound sensors, and web cams.
María del Mar del Pozo Andrés (coord.). Madrid, ciudad educadora, 1898-1938. Memoria de la escuela pública. Ensayos en torno a una exposición
Authors: Costa Rico Antón 
Published: January 2020

Crónica da exposición gráfica e informativa sobre o patrimonio do Concello de Madrid relativo ao sistema escolar público durante o período de tempo que vai desde 1898, momento da perda definitiva das últimas colonias españolas, ate o non menos tráxico e posterior de 1938, na antesala da derrota definitiva da Segunda República en 1939.
Eleições presidenciais 2018 e gestão Bolsonaro: o não lugar da cultura
Authors: Coimbra Kary Emanuelle Reis , Morais Maria Dione Carvalho de 
Published: January 2020

As inflexões no campo cultural, promovidas pela mudança de governo em 2019, no Brasil, despertam nossa atenção para o cenário atual das agendas de políticas públicas de cultura. Com base em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, analisamos os discursos dos Planos de Governo (PGs) dos(as) treze candidatos(as) à eleição para a presidência do país, em 2018, assim como de posicionamentos de governo do candidato eleito. A abordagem qualitativa dos referidos discursos levou-nos a concluir pela situação tangencial do campo cultural tanto nos PGs quanto no governo atual, com riscos à institucionalização da gestão da cultura como política de Estado e à continuidade das políticas de sociabilidade democrática e de diversidade cultural, presentes na Constituição Federal de 1998, e instrumentalizada pelo Plano Nacional de Cultura e Sistema Nacional de Cultura.
Testes e verificação da aprendizagem da matemática escolar na escola primária paranaense (1930 – 1960)
Authors: Cecílio Waléria Adriana Gonçalez 
Published: January 2020

Este estudo é fruto da tese de doutorado intitulada “Avaliação da Matemática Escolar: Contribuições da Pedagogia da Escola Nova”. O estudo, bibliográfico e documental, tem como objetivo apreender o papel dos testes, no processo de construção da verificação da matemática escolar. Para tanto, analisa-se a legislação e cinco livros didáticos que circularam na formação de professores e na escola primária entre as décadas de 1930 a 1960. Foi possível constatar que as práticas de testes matemáticos, adotadas no período de estudo, trouxeram para a cultura escolar elementos relevantes, como: o treino, a exatidão, a objetividade, a periodicidade, os diferentes tipos de questões, como: de lacuna, de seleção, de acasalamento, de diferença e identidade e ainda de verdade e falsidade. Além disso, os resultados obtidos revelam a preocupação com o ensino corretivo das deficiências matemáticas e a adoção de critérios e processos que assegurem a objetividade na verificação do rendimento escolar.
Pengembangan Program Bahasa Berbasis Managemen Kepengasuhan di SMP MBS Pondok Pesantren AN NUR Penatar Sewu Tanggulangin Sidoarjo
Authors: Amrullah Muhlasin , Rezania Vanda 
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study is the development of caring-based language management, this research is classified as R & D (Research and Development) research which seeks to solve the problems the partners raised in this community service program are not all teachers who live in boarding school able to speak Arabic or English, or as a new boarding school SBM An Nur does not yet have a guide in the pattern of language application in boarding school the condition of the lack of a good language management system so that it has not been able to encourage students and boarding school residents to speak Arabic or English, including media that have not been maximized. In this program will offer solutions that are expected to solve partner problems. The main method used is the development of language management systems in boarding school with caring based management. The results of this community service program are partners who have language management systems that are able to encourage students and boarding school residents to speak Arabic and English correctly
Upaya Peningkatan Kedisiplinan Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Karyanto Didit 
Published: January 2020

Discipline is the attitude of the learner willingly to comply and do the rule in order to train themselves obey rules. Efforts to improve discipline starts from educators provide a good example when the learning process. Discipline is needed in learning, because it can help the learning process well, increasing the pleasure of students to learn, and help improve students' social relationships. The purpose of this study to reveal the efforts made through the learning of Islamic Education to improve the discipline of students in SMP HARAPAN Tulangan. This study includes qualitative study whose data in the form of statements, sentences, and documents. By using a naturalistic approach to researching where natural (natural setting) and field (Field Research), to obtain the required data information researchers used the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the data used in the form of triangulation analysis that includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. From the research conducted by researchers showed: 1) The discipline of students of SMP HARAPAN has been good enough even though there are those who violate the rules. It still need to improve and reform the discipline of students so that they understand what is wrong even a little infractions. 2) The efforts of teacher to improve discipline students use the order. For example, when there is student break the rule of school, especially PAI’s teachers have to follow up violations that done by learners to give direction, punishment, or reward that is commensurate to what which is conducted.
An evaluation of the dietary habits of English programme medical students in their first year of studies
Authors: Gawlikowska-Sroka Aleksandra , Dzięciołowska-Baran Edyta , Szczurowski Jacek , Szałowska-Bojarun Magdalena 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Human nutrition depends on many factors. Cultural practices, socio-psychological and economic factors play important roles in development of correct nutrition patterns. Eating habits are formed most strongly during childhood and adolescence. When young people begin university study, their way of life changes significantly. In this study group, not only do the necessities of independent living and food preparation occur, but also a change the country of residence.
The aim of the study was to investigate the dietary habits of medical students of the English programme.

Materials and methods: The material consisted of data collected from an anonymous survey distributed among 1st year students of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry (28 men and 52 women). The study used a questionnaire consisting of open and multi-choice questions concerning the anthropometric data of subjects and principles of nutrition. Data were analysed statistically.

Results: Obesity was generally not observed in the group of examined students. In most cases body mass index (BMI) remained in the normal range. Cases of obesity were observed only among the men. There were no significant differences between the men and women in terms of the regularity of meals. About 50% of the study population declared a regular consumption of 3 main meals a day. Significantly more women than men followed slimming diets. We did not observe significant differences between men and women in terms of activities concerned with controlling weight. Significantly more women than men had fruits and vegetables every day. Men more often consumed sweets, coffee and fast-food. Analysis of the results showed abnormal patterns in the quality and quantity of meals.

Conclusions: It is essential to introduce measures in the field of nutrition education into the curriculum in order to shape appropriate patterns of healthy nutrition among future doctors and thus prevent lifestyle diseases caused by inappropriate dietary habits.
Assessment of the Community Awareness and Exposure to Highly Pathogenic Avian Human influenza in Wet-land Areas of Ethiopia
Authors: Chekol Musse Tadesse , Teshome Bethel , Belayneh Rediet , Misganaw Ketema , Hassen Abdilhafiz , Tewolde Nega , Habtamu Luna 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The avian influenza virus has different subtypes which have the potential to cause disease in animals and humans. Human cases with influenza A (H5N1), A (H5N6) and A(H7N9) viruses, have been reported to WHO and various influenza A(H5) subtypes continue to be detected in birds globally. Little is known about the types of exposure that result in human infections. In Ethiopia, risk assessment studies were not conducted and the awareness of the community and the risk of exposure for potential avian influenza is undetermined. The aim off this survey is to assess the level of the community awareness and the risk for human exposure to avian influenza viruses (HPAI) in the wet land areas of Ethiopia.
Method: The survey was conducted from February - April 2018 in the wet land areas of Ethiopia by using a standard questionnaire and purposive random sampling method. Epi info version 7.0 and SPSS (V.20) were applied for data analysis.
Result: Of the total 200 respondents 94.7% don’t know about the mode of transmission and 43.5%, 27%, 16.9% of the respondents believed that HAI it transmitted by inhalation of air droplet (breathing), contact with ill person and eating raw poultry meat and egg products.36.2% of respondents believed that Human avian influenza is preventable by keeping hand hygiene, followed by respiratory hygiene (28%) and environmental hygiene (19.3%). However, 68.6% had close contact with animals (poultry) and high exposure to raw animal products.
Conclusion: The awareness level of the community in the mode of transmission, risk factors and preventive measures is very low while the exposure for infected birds, food products remaining high. Further risk assessment studies and community awareness creation on the prevention and control of highly pathogenic avian influenza is recommended.
Key words: Avian Influenza, Exposure, Ethiopia