bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Family History Increases Risk for Late-Onset Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Report
Authors: Goldberg Jason F. , Ness Kirsten K. , Chi Xiaofei , Santucci Aimee K. , Plana Juan Carlos , Joshi Vijaya M. , Luepker Russell V. , Durand Jean-Bernard , Partin Robyn E. , Howell Rebecca M. , Wilson Carmen L. , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Jefferies John L. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Hudson Melissa M. , Robison Leslie L. , Armstrong Gregory T. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Survivors of childhood cancer have an increased risk of therapy-related cardiovascular disease. It is not known whether family history of cardiovascular disease further increases risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes among survivors.

Methods:
Family history of cardiovascular disease was collected from 1,260 survivors [median age at diagnosis, 8 years (range, 0–23); age at last follow-up, 35 years (range, 18–66)] of childhood cancer in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study. Multivariable risk models evaluated associations with cardiovascular disease (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 2–4 events) and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results:
Among survivors exposed to chest-directed radiation and/or anthracycline chemotherapy (n = 824), 7% reported a first-degree family history of heart failure, 19% myocardial infarction, 11% stroke, 26% atherosclerotic disease (myocardial infarction and/or stroke), 62% hypertension, and 31% diabetes mellitus. Eighteen percent of exposed survivors developed heart failure, 9% myocardial infarction, 3% stroke, 11% atherosclerotic disease, 30% hypertension, and 9% diabetes mellitus. Having a first-degree family history of atherosclerotic disease was independently associated with development of treatment-related heart failure [RR, 1.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.88; P = 0.04] among exposed survivors. Risk for hypertension was increased among exposed survivors with a first-degree family history of hypertension (RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.26–1.92; P &lt; 0.0001) or of any cardiovascular disease [myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06–1.59; P = 0.01)].

Conclusions:
Family history of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors independently increased risk of heart failure and hypertension among survivors of childhood cancer exposed to cardiotoxic therapies.

Impact:
These data show the importance of cardiovascular family history as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in survivors of childhood cancer.
MP-Pt(IV): A MAOB-Sensitive Mitochondrial-Specific Prodrug for Treating Glioblastoma
Authors: Raghavan Sudhir , Baskin David S. , Sharpe Martyn A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We have previously reported the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)-2-(1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridin-4-yl)propenamide (MP-MUS), a prodrug that targeted the mitochondria of glioblastoma (GBM). The mitochondrial enzyme, monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), is highly expressed in GBM and oxidizes an uncharged methyl-tetrahydropyridine (MP-) moiety into the mitochondrially targeted cationic form, methyl-pyridinium (P+-). Coupling this MAOB-sensitive group to a nitrogen mustard produced a prodrug that damaged GBM mitochondria and killed GBM cells. Unfortunately, the intrinsic reactivity of the nitrogen mustard group and low solubility of MP-MUS precluded clinical development. In our second-generation prodrug, MP-Pt(IV), we coupled the MP group to an unreactive cisplatin precursor. The enzymatic conversion of MP-Pt(IV) to P+-Pt(IV) was tested using recombinant human MAOA and rhMAOB. The generation of cisplatin from Pt(IV) by ascorbate was studied optically and using mass spectroscopy. Efficacy toward primary GBM cells and tumors was studied in vitro and in an intracranial patient-derived xenograft mice GBM model. Our studies demonstrate that MP-Pt(IV) is selectively activated by MAOB. MP-Pt(IV) is highly toxic toward GBM cells in vitro. MP-Pt(IV) toxicity against GBM is potentiated by elevating mitochondrial ascorbate and can be arrested by MAOB inhibition. In in vitro studies, sublethal MP-Pt(IV) doses elevated mitochondrial MAOB levels in surviving GBM cells. MP-Pt(IV) is a potent chemotherapeutic in intracranial patient-derived xenograft mouse models of primary GBM and potentiates both temozolomide and temozolomide–chemoradiation therapies. MP-Pt(IV) was well tolerated and is highly effective against GBM in both in vitro and in vivo models.
The Role of Organizational and Individual Factors in Knowledge Management System Acceptance
Authors: Assegaff Setiawan 
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study is to investigates the how individual and organizational factors influence people behavior in using knowledge management. This research applied Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a basis theory; TAM was enriched with individual and organizational factors for this study. A survey approach was conducted for data collection. Three of institutions in Banking Sector at Indonesia were invited to join this study and 215 knowledge workers were participated for the survey. Data from survey were analyzed through Structural Equations Model (SEM) using PLS (Partial Least Square) V2. The conclusion specify that ‘‘individual elements’’ and ‘‘organizational elements’’ are the significantly affect people behavior in KMS acceptance factors that influence knowledge worker behavior in knowledge sharing. However this study not found relationship between individual and organization factors and “perceived ease of use” construct with people behavior in accept KMS.
Smart Grid Systems Based Survey on Cyber Security Issues
Authors: Dorothy R. , Sasilatha Sasilatha 
Published: October 2020

The future power system will be an innovative administration of existing power grids, which is called smart grid. Above all, the application of advanced communication and computing tools is going to significantly improve the productivity and consistency of smart grid systems with renewable energy resources. Together with the topographies of the smart grid, cyber security appears as a serious concern since a huge number of automatic devices are linked through communication networks. Cyber attacks on those devices had a direct influence on the reliability of extensive infrastructure of the power system. In this survey, several published works related to smart grid system vulnerabilities, potential intentional attacks, and suggested countermeasures for these threats have been investigated.
PAR1 (Protease-Activated Receptor 1) Pepducin Therapy Targeting Myocardial Necrosis in Coronary Artery Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Kuliopulos Athan , Gurbel Paul A. , Rade Jeffrey J. , Kimmelstiel Carey D. , Turner Susan E. , Bliden Kevin P. , Fletcher Elizabeth K. , Cox Daniel H. , Covic Lidija ,   on behalf of the TRIP-PCI Investigators
Published: October 2020

Objective:
Arterial thrombosis leading to ischemic injury worsens the prognosis of many patients with cardiovascular disease. PZ-128 is a first-in-class pepducin that reversibly inhibits PAR1 (protease-activated receptor 1) on platelets and other vascular cells by targeting the intracellular surface of the receptor. The TRIP-PCI (Thrombin Receptor Inhibitory Pepducin in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) trial was conducted to assess the safety and efficacy of PZ-128 in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization with intent to perform percutaneous coronary intervention.

Approach and Results:

In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial, 100 patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive PZ-128 (0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg), or placebo in a 2-hour infusion initiated just before the start of cardiac catheterization, on top of standard oral antiplatelet therapy. Rates of the primary end point of bleeding were not different between the combined PZ-128 doses (1.6%, 1/62) and placebo group (0%, 0/35). The secondary end points of major adverse coronary events at 30 and 90 days did not significantly differ but were numerically lower in the PZ-128 groups (0% and 2% in the PZ-128 groups, 6% and 6% with placebo, p=0.13, p=0.29, respectively). In the subgroup of patients with elevated baseline cardiac troponin I, the exploratory end point of 30-day major adverse coronary events + myocardial injury showed 83% events in the placebo group versus 31% events in the combined PZ-128 drug groups, an adjusted relative risk of 0.14 (95% CI, 0.02–0.75);
P
=0.02.

Conclusions:
In this first-in-patient experience, PZ-128 added to standard antiplatelet therapy appeared to be safe, well tolerated, and potentially reduced periprocedural myonecrosis, thus providing the basis for further clinical trials.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02561000.
Left Ventricular Enlargement, Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Efficacy, and Impact of MultiPoint Pacing
Authors: Varma Niraj , Baker James , Tomassoni Gery , Love Charles J. , Martin David , Sheppard Robert , Niazi Imran , Cranke Gary , Lee Kwangdeok , Corbisiero Raffaele 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Left ventricular (LV) epicardial pacing results in slowly propagating paced wavefronts. We postulated that this effect might limit cardiac resynchronization therapy efficacy in patients with LV enlargement using conventional biventricular pacing with single-site LV pacing, but be mitigated by LV stimulation from 2 widely spaced sites using MultiPoint pacing with wide anatomic separation (MPP-AS: ≥30 mm). We tested this hypothesis in the multicenter randomized MPP investigational device exemption trial.

Methods:

Following implant, quadripolar biventricular single-site pacing was activated in all patients (n=506). From 3 to 9 months postimplant, among patients with available baseline LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) measures, 188 received biventricular single-site pacing and 43 received MPP-AS. Patients were dichotomized by median baseline LVEDV indexed to height (LVEDVI
Median
). Outcomes were measured by the clinical composite score (primary efficacy end point), quality of life, LV structural remodeling (↑EF >5% and ↓ESV 10%) and heart failure event/cardiovascular death.

Results:

LVEDVI
Median
was 1.1 mL/cm. Baseline characteristics differed in patients with LVEDVI
>Median
versus LVEDVI
≤Median
. Among patients with LVEDVI
>Median
, biventricular single-site pacing was less efficacious compared to patients with LVEDVI
≤Median
(clinical composite score, 65% versus 79%). In contrast, MPP-AS programming generated greater clinical composite score response (92% versus 65%,
P
=0.023) and improved quality of life (−31.0±29.7 versus −15.7±22.1,
P
=0.038) versus biventricular single-site pacing in patients with LVEDVI
>Median
. Reverse remodeling trended better with MPP-AS programming. In patients with LVEDVI
>Median
, heart failure event rate increased following the 3-month randomization point with biventricular single-site pacing (0.0150±0.1725 in LVEDVI
>Median versus
−0.0190±0.0808 in LVEDVI
≤Median
,
P
=0.012), but no heart failure event occurred in patients with MPP-AS programming between 3 and 9 months in LVEDVI
>Median
. All measured outcomes did not differ in patients receiving MPP-AS and biventricular single-site pacing with LVEDVI
≤Median
.

Conclusions:
Conventional biventricular single-site pacing, even with a quadripolar lead, has reduced efficacy in patients with LV enlargement. However, the greatest response rate in patients with larger hearts was observed when programmed to MPP-AS pacing.
Social Media Influence Does Not Reflect Scholarly or Clinical Activity in Real Life
Authors: Zenger Brian , Swink J. Michael , Turner Jeffrey L. , Bunch T. Jared , Ryan John J. , Shah Rashmee U. , Turakhia Mintu P. , Piccini Jonathan P. , Steinberg Benjamin A. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Social media has become a major source of communication in medicine. We aimed to understand the relationship between physicians’ social media influence and their scholarly and clinical activity.

Methods:
We identified attending US electrophysiologists on Twitter. We compared physician Twitter activity to (1) scholarly publication record (h-index) and (2) clinical volume according to Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. The ratio of observed versus expected (obs/exp) Twitter followers was calculated based on each scholarly (K-index) and clinical activity.

Results:

We identified 284 physicians, with mean Twitter age of 5.0 (SD, 3.1) years and median 568 followers (25th, 75th: 195, 1146). They had a median 34.5 peer-reviewed articles (25th, 75th: 14, 105), 401 citations (25th, 75th: 102, 1677), and h-index 9 (25th, 75th: 4, 19.8). The median K-index was 0.4 (25th, 75th: 0.15, 1.0), ranging from 0.0008 to 29.2. The median number of electrophysiology procedures was 77 (25th, 75th: 0, 160) and evaluation and management visits 264 (25th, 75th: 59, 516) in 2017. The top 1% electrophysiologists for followers accounted for 20% of all followers, 17% of status updates, had a mean h-index of 6 (versus 15 for others,
P
=0.3), and accounted for 1% of procedural and evaluation and management volumes. They had a mean K-index of 21 (versus 0.77 for others,
P
<0.0001) and clinical obs/exp follower ratio of 17.9 and 18.1 for procedures and evaluation and management (
P
<0.001 each, versus others [0.81 for each]).

Conclusions:
Electrophysiologists are active on Twitter, with modest influence often representative of scholarly and clinical activity. However, the most influential physicians appear to have relatively modest scholarly and clinical activity.
Rapid Droplet Coalescence Produced by Thunder
Authors: Temkin Samuel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article considers a simple model to numerically study whether thunderclaps can produce droplet coalescence in natural clouds due to the relative velocities they induce between different-sized droplets. This mechanism is evaluated for a cloud that has both a relatively small liquid content and a narrow droplet size distribution. The cloud is idealized as a static environment, consisting only of water droplets and air, in which no changes occur except those produced by thunderclaps. All other coalescence mechanisms, such as gravitational effects and air turbulence, are disregarded. The thunderclap models we use mimic the profile of an actual clap far from a lightning discharge. Their acoustic power spectrum is obtained analytically and found to peak in the infrasonic frequency range, in agreement with some experimental results. The velocities of the droplets during the passage of a clap are obtained from their equations of motion using drag coefficients that apply in the conditions imposed by the clap. The possibility that droplet growth may occur as a result of the claps is studied by integration of the discretized coalescence equation. For the case considered, the results show that a thunder event, consisting of several consecutive claps, can produce in a few seconds significant changes in the mean droplet diameters. Such times are orders of magnitude shorter than those required by other coalescence mechanisms to produce similar effects.
Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and North Atlantic Jet: A Multimodel View from the Decadal Climate Prediction Project
Authors: Ruggieri Paolo , Bellucci Alessio , Nicolí Dario , Athanasiadis Panos J. , Gualdi Silvio , Cassou Christophe , Castruccio Fred , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Davini Paolo , Dunstone Nick , Eade Rosemary , Gastineau Guillaume , Harvey Ben , Hermanson Leon , Qasmi Saïd , Ruprich-Robert Yohan , Sanchez-Gomez Emilia , Smith Doug , Wild Simon , Zampieri Matteo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe influence of the Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) on the North Atlantic storm track and eddy-driven jet in the winter season is assessed via a coordinated analysis of idealized simulations with state-of-the-art coupled models. Data used are obtained from a multimodel ensemble of AMV± experiments conducted in the framework of the Decadal Climate Prediction Project component C. These experiments are performed by nudging the surface of the Atlantic Ocean to states defined by the superimposition of observed AMV± anomalies onto the model climatology. A robust extratropical response is found in the form of a wave train extending from the Pacific to the Nordic seas. In the warm phase of the AMV compared to the cold phase, the Atlantic storm track is typically contracted and less extended poleward and the low-level jet is shifted toward the equator in the eastern Atlantic. Despite some robust features, the picture of an uncertain and model-dependent response of the Atlantic jet emerges and we demonstrate a link between model bias and the character of the jet response.
Enrique Mendieta and the Ghosts of Leftism Past: The Aftereffects of Mexico’s Dirty War in Élmer Mendoza’s Detective Fiction
Authors: Walonen Michael K. 
Published: October 2020

The continuance of the revolutionary strife of Mexico’s dirty war into the present day, both as a legacy and in the form of its survivors, resonates strongly in the work of the novelist Élmer Mendoza. Mendoza’s early novel Janis Joplin’s Lover uses its protagonist to portray a 1970s Mexico torn between a revolutionary path of collective social amelioration and the corrupt, mercenary self-interest embodied by Mexican narco-traffickers, with the country pushed toward the latter through the repression of student activists by the Mexican state. Mendoza’s five subsequent novels that center on the exploits of detective Lefty Mendieta focus on the fallout from this period of repression, using the figure of Lefty’s brother Enrique, a former leftist guerrilla, to represent a lost (but not totally lost) egalitarian and socially just alternative to the neoliberal political economy that has ravaged the living conditions of most Mexicans for almost four decades. La continuada lucha revolucionaria en el marco de la guerra sucia que ha caracterizado a México hasta la hoy en día, tanto como legado a la vez que en la presencia de sus sobrevivientes, resuena poderosamente en la obra del novelista Élmer Mendoza. La primera novela de Mendoza, Janis Joplin’s Lover, utiliza a su protagonista para retratar a México en la década de 1970, dividido entre un camino revolucionario de mejora social colectiva y el corrupto y mercenario interés propio encarnado por los narcotraficantes mexicanos; el país se ve empujado en esta última dirección a través de la represión de los activistas estudiantiles por parte del Estado. Las cinco novelas posteriores de Mendoza, centradas en las hazañas del detective Lefty Mendieta, se centran en las consecuencias de este período de represión y emplean la figura de Enrique, el hermano de Lefty, un ex guerrillero izquierdista, para representar la pérdida (si bien no total) de una alternativa igualitaria y socialmente justa en oposición a la economía política neoliberal que mermado las condiciones de vida de la mayoría de los mexicanos durante casi cuatro décadas.
Preoperative Opioid Use Is a Risk Factor for Revision Surgery, Complications, and Increased Resource Utilization After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Farley Kevin X. , Wilson Jacob M. , Spencer Corey C. , Karas Spero , Xerogeanes John , Gottschalk Michael B. , Wagner Eric R. 
Published: October 2020

Background: Studies have shown preoperative opioid use to influence outcomes after various surgical procedures. Researchers have not assessed this relationship after rotator cuff repair (RCR). Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose was to assess the relationship between preoperative opioid use and outcomes after arthroscopic RCR. We hypothesized that patients prescribed higher daily averages of preoperative oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) would show increased rates of 90-day complications and 3-year revision surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The MarketScan claims database was utilized to identify patients who underwent arthroscopic RCR between 2009 and 2018. We used preoperative opioid use status to divide patients into groups based on the average daily OMEs consumed in the 6 months before surgery: opioid-naïve, <1, 1-<5, 5-<10, and ≥10 OMEs per day. We retrieved 90-day complication and 3-year revision surgery rates. Opioid use groups were then compared with binomial logistic regression and generalized linear models. Results: We identified 214,283 patients. Of those patients, 50.7% did not receive any preoperative opioids, while 7.7%, 26.8%, 6.3%, and 8.6% received <1, 1-<5, 5-<10, and ≥10 OMEs per day over a 6-month time period, respectively. Complications increased with increasing preoperative OMEs. Multivariate analysis revealed that any patient using ≥1 OME per day had increased rates of 3-year revision surgery, reoperations, and infections. Specifically, patients averaging ≥10 OMEs per day showed a 103% (odds ratio, 2.03 [95% CI, 1.62-2.54]; P < .001) increase in the odds of revision surgery compared with opioid-naïve patients. Rates of hospital admissions and postoperative emergency department encounters were higher in all opioid use groups. Adjusted differences in 6-month preoperative and 3-month postoperative health care costs were seen in the opioid use groups compared with opioid-naïve patients, ranging from US$1307 to US$5820 ( P < .001). Conclusion: Preoperative opioid use was a risk factor for complications and revision surgery after arthroscopic RCR. We also observed a dose-dependent response between opioid use and postoperative complications.
Appetite-Regulating Hormones in Human Milk: A Plausible Biological Factor for Obesity Risk Reduction?
Authors: Larson-Meyer D. Enette , Schueler Jessica , Kyle Erin , Austin Kathleen J. , Hart Ann Marie , Alexander Brenda M. 
Published: October 2020

Background Human milk contains appetite-regulating hormones that may influence infant growth and obesity risk. Research aims We evaluated whether leptin, peptide tyrosine-tyrosine (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and ghrelin concentrations in human milk (1) changed during feeding (from foremilk to hindmilk) and during the first 6 months of infancy; (2) were explained by maternal factors; and (3) were associated with infant anthropometrics and growth. Methods Mother–infant dyads ( N = 22) participated. Samples of foremilk and hindmilk at 1 month postpartum were collected and analyzed for leptin, PYY, GLP-1, and ghrelin via radioimmunoassay and milkfat percentage estimated via creamatocrit. Samples were also collected in mothers ( n = 15) who breastfed through 6 months. Anthropometrics were obtained on all mother–infant dyads at 1 month and all infants at 6 months and 12 months. Results At 1 month, milk GLP-1 and milkfat concentration increased from foremilk to hindmilk ( p ≤ .05) while leptin and PYY concentrations remained stable during feeding. Milk hormone concentrations and milkfat tended to decline overtime, with lower leptin, PYY, and ghrelin at 6 months versus 1 month ( p < .05). At 1 month, milk leptin and milkfat content were associated with maternal markers of adiposity ( r = 0.49–0.78, p < .001); whereas, milk PYY was correlated with maternal serum PYY concentration ( r = 0.672, p = .001). Average 1-month milk concentrations of GLP-1 and leptin were negatively associated with weight-for-age z-scores at 6 months ( r = −0.46, p < .05) and 12 months ( r = −0.49, p < .05), respectively. Conclusion The content of certain appetite-regulating hormones in human milk may be influenced by maternal factors and play a role in infant growth; much needs to be learned about their role in the obesity protection of breastfed infants.