bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing and validating e-retailing satisfaction scales with text-mining
Authors: Ashton Triss , Prybutok Victor R. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study includes two parts. First, it introduces a machine-based method for model and instrument development and updating that integrates large sample qualitative data. Second, a new model and instrument for e-commerce customer satisfaction are developed.Design/methodology/approachThe research occurs in two phases. In Phase 1, data collection occurs with a literature-based quantitative model and instrument that includes at least one qualitative scale item per construct. Data analysis of the resulting data includes factor analysis (FA) and latent semantic analysis text mining to generate an updated model and instrument. In Phase 2, data collection uses the new model and instrument. Data analysis in Phase 2 includes exploratory data analysis with FA, exploratory structural equation modeling and partial least square modeling.FindingsAs a result of the information gained by the integration of qualitative scales in the literature-based survey, the final model departs substantially from the initial research-based research model. It integrates many of the constructs known to impact a website and software usability from information systems research into a new e-retail satisfaction model.Originality/valueThe research method, as presented here, offers a strategy for integrating large scale qualitative data for refinement of models and the development of instruments. It is essentially a method of gaining the wisdom of crowds economically while simultaneously reducing the biases and laborious effort commonly associated with qualitative research.
Money laundering via cryptocurrencies – potential solutions from Liechtenstein
Authors: Teichmann Fabian Maximilian Johannes , Falker Marie-Christin 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how cryptocurrencies are used to launder money and how solutions from Liechtenstein’s novel blockchain legislation could be used to tackle the issue.

Design/methodology/approach
Within the scope of the literature review, the characteristics of cryptocurrencies and how these characteristics facilitate money laundering are discussed. To investigate concrete methods that money launderers use, a qualitative study with 10 presumed money launderers and 18 prevention experts was conducted. The results were subsequently tested quantitatively. Thereafter, the novel Liechtenstein blockchain act is discussed and it is detailed how the legislation could contribute to the establishment of an international standard in blockchain regulation.

Findings
Money launderers continue to abuse cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin as vehicles for financial crime. The Liechtenstein Blockchain Act could serve as a benchmark for regulators around the world aiming to solve the issue.

Research limitations/implications
Current anti-money laundering regulations are rather ineffective when it comes to cryptocurrencies.

Practical implications
The findings of this paper illustrate that new and innovative means for combating money laundering are needed. In particular, this paper provides insights into cryptocurrency crime and Liechtenstein’s response for legislators, law enforcement, compliance officers and regulatory authorities.

Originality/value
Liechtenstein’s blockchain act, as a potential remedy to money laundering, has thus far not received international attention.
Brand equity, online reviews, and message trust: the moderating role of persuasion knowledge
Authors: Ahmad Fayez , Guzmán Francisco 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate whether a message from a brand with stronger brand equity generates more trust than a message from a brand with lower brand equity, and thus is more likely to encourage consumers to write online reviews. This paper also explores what happens when consumers become aware that brands are trying to persuade them to write a review.

Design/methodology/approach
Through three experimental studies, where participants were randomly assigned to a brand that has either a stronger or weaker brand equity, participants’ intention to write reviews was measured. Trust in the message was measured to study its mediating role, and persuasion knowledge of the participants was manipulated to investigate its moderating effect.

Findings
The findings confirm that consumers are more likely to write online reviews when a message comes from a brand that has stronger brand equity, trust in the message mediates the relationship between brand equity and consumer intention to write an online review, and persuasion knowledge has a differential effect on consumer intention to write reviews.

Originality/value
The study adds to the brand equity and online review literature by providing evidence that a higher level of consumer trust on brands that have stronger brand equity leads to an increased intention to write a review for the brand. It also shows that consumers’ awareness of the motive of the brand is more beneficial for brands with strong brand equity, contributing to persuasion knowledge literature.
Recessions and Health: The Long‐Term Health Consequences of Responses to the Coronavirus*
Authors: Banks James , Karjalainen Heidi , Propper Carol 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe lockdown measures that were implemented in the spring of 2020 to stop the spread of COVID‐19 are having a huge impact on economies in the UK and around the world. In addition to the direct impact of COVID‐19 on health, the following recession will have an impact on people's health outcomes. This paper reviews economic literature on the longer‐run health impacts of business‐cycle fluctuations and recessions. Previous studies show that an economic downturn, which affects people through increased unemployment, lower incomes and increased uncertainty, will have significant consequences on people's health outcomes both in the short and longer term. The health effects caused by these adverse macroeconomic conditions will be complex and will differ across generations, regions and socio‐economic groups. Groups that are vulnerable to poor health are likely to be hit hardest even if the crisis hit all individuals equally, and we already see that some groups such as young workers and women are worse hit by the recession than others. Government policies during and after the pandemic will play an important role in determining the eventual health consequences.
Comparative review and the recent progress in detection technologies of meat product adulteration
Authors: Li Yun‐Cheng , Liu Shu‐Yan , Meng Fan‐Bing , Liu Da‐Yu , Zhang Yin , Wang Wei , Zhang Jia‐Min 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMeat adulteration, mainly for the purpose of economic pursuit, is widespread and leads to serious public health risks, religious violations, and moral loss. Rapid, effective, accurate, and reliable detection technologies are keys to effectively supervising meat adulteration. Considering the importance and rapid advances in meat adulteration detection technologies, a comprehensive review to summarize the recent progress in this area and to suggest directions for future progress is beneficial. In this review, destructive meat adulteration technologies based on DNA, protein, and metabolite analyses and nondestructive technologies based on spectroscopy were comparatively analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages, application situations of these technologies were discussed. In the future, determining suitable indicators or markers is particularly important for destructive methods. To improve sensitivity and save time, new interdisciplinary technologies, such as biochips and biosensors, are promising for application in the future. For nondestructive techniques, convenient and effective chemometric models are crucial, and the development of portable devices based on these technologies for onsite monitoring is a future trend. Moreover, omics technologies, especially proteomics, are important methods in laboratory detection because they enable multispecies detection and unknown target screening by using mass spectrometry databases.
Changes in cocoa properties induced by the alkalization process: A review
Authors: Valverde García Damián , Pérez Esteve Édgar , Barat Baviera José Manuel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlkalization, also known as “Dutching,” is an optional, but very useful, step taken in the production chain of cocoa to darken its color, modify its taste, and increase natural cocoa solubility. Over the years, various attempts have been made to design new and more effective alkalization methods. Moreover, different authors have attempted to elucidate the impact of alkalization on the physicochemical, nutritional, functional, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of alkalized cocoa. The aim of this review is to provide a clear guide about not only the conditions that can be applied to alkalize cocoa, but also the reported effects of alkalization on the nutritional, functional, microbiological, and sensory characteristics of cocoa. The first part of this review describes different cocoa alkalization systems and how they can be tuned to induce specific changes in cocoa properties. The second part is a holistic analysis of the effects of the alkalization process on different cocoa features, performed by emphasizing the biochemistry behind all these transformations.
Effects of atmospheric pressure plasma jet on the physicochemical, functional, and antioxidant properties of flaxseed protein
Authors: Yu Xiao , Huang Shasha , Nie Chengzhen , Deng Qianchun , Zhai Yafei , Shen Ruiling 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to explore the effect of atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) on the physicochemical, functional, and antioxidant properties of flaxseed protein following APPJ treatment (0 to 240 s). The results showed that the pH value continuously dropped with the minimum value of 3.45 ± 0.15 after 240 s of APPJ treatment (–61.7%, P < 0.05). The relative protein solubility significantly declined after 15 s of APPJ treatment (–43.1%, P < 0.05), which was accompanied by the evident increase in mean particle size of flaxseed protein in aqueous solution (+157%, P < 0.05). Moreover, the surface hydrophobicity and contents of disulfide bonds gradually raised when the APPJ exposure time extended from 30 to 240 s. Notably, the foaming, emulsifying, and in vitro antioxidant properties of flaxseed protein were significantly improved following short time of APPJ treatment (5 to 15 s), which was paralleled with the changes of spatial conformation, mild protein oxidation, as well as the release of phenolic acids and flavonoids from naturally occurring protein–phenolic complex. Our findings elucidated that APPJ may be considered as an effective strategy to improve the functionality and antioxidant activities of flaxseed protein.Practical ApplicationWe had evaluated the effect of APPJ treatment on the physicochemical, functional, and antioxidant properties of flaxseed protein, which was conducive to tailor flaxseed protein with the optimal techno‐functionality and antioxidant activities as a potential nano‐delivery vehicle.
Quantitative Analysis of Natural and Human Factors of Oasis Change in the Tail of Shiyang River over the Past 60 Years
Authors: CHEN Yong , YANG Guojing , ZHOU Lihua , LIAO Jie , WEI Xuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe human and natural factors complicit in the driving forces of oasis change have always received considerable interest from the international research community. In this study, we used principal component analysis of natural and socioeconomic statistical factors to quantitatively analyze the causal relationships and their contributions to the observed periodic expansion or shrinkage of the Minqin Oasis over almost 60 years. Our results show that human factors were the dominant factors governing expansion or shrinkage, with average contributions of 69.38% and 76.16%, respectively. Moreover, policy decisions have been the pivotal human factors. Under the influence of various policies, we have found that water resource utilization, land reclamation, population explosion, ecological protection and economic development have each played leading roles in different periods. This study provides a scientific basis for modelling the dynamics of an oasis for sustainable management.
Lacustrine Record of 1954 Flood Event on Begnas and Rupa Lake, Central Nepal
Authors: ACHARYA Sudip , Can‐Ge LI , JI Kejia , SUN Zhe , WANG Mingda , HOU Juzhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn recent decades, there have been discussions and predictions regarding the impact of climate on floods, due to its socioeconomic and environmental consequences. For accurate prediction of future flood events and their impacts, it is crucial to have an improved understanding on past flood events. Lacustrine sediments have been used as a natural archive to study the past flood events. Here, we study the impact of 1954 flood event on the lacustrine environment of Bengas and Rupa Lake in central Nepal based on X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) element analysis, magnetic susceptibility (MS), total organic carbon (TOC) and the biomarker molecular compositions. Results showed that 1954 flood event had significant impacts on the two lakes in terms of detrital input, organic matter deposition and aquatic production. Before the flood event, both two studied lakes had relatively lower catchment erosion rate, lower organic matter deposition and aquatic production. During the flood event, catchment erosion and aquatic production increased in both lakes due to mass transport deposits and the increased nutrition loading attributed to flood event. Following the flood event, Begnas Lake showed the sharp increase in organic matter deposition, whereas in the Rupa Lake organic matter deposition showed minor changes. The difference in organic matter deposition in lakes during flooding event is likely due to detrital material brought and deposited by the flood activity. Overall our results suggest that lacustrine sediments are sensitive to the extreme event and would be an ideal archive for the reconstruction of flood events.
The ‘Badlands’ of the ‘Balkan Route’: Policy and Spatial Effects on Urban Refugee Housing
Authors: Bird Gemma , Obradovic‐Wochnik Jelena , Beattie Amanda Russell , Rozbicka Patrycja 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRefugee camps and reception and identification centres (RICs) have long been imagined as ‘the best’ or ‘most suitable’ places for displaced people by states and border management authorities. In contrast, informal housing often provided by activist groups, is frequently framed as a part of the urban ‘badlands’. Drawing on research carried out between 2015 and 2019 in key spaces in Greece and Serbia along the so‐called ‘Balkan Route’, this article engages with the concept of the ‘badlands’ as a lens through which to consider the different types of housing made available for refugees in key urban centres. Following Dikeç (2007), Neely and Samura (2011), and Shabazz (2015), we examine how sites of refugee accommodation are imagined through the lenses of place, space and race and how this shapes policy responses. We ask: what are the main divergences and variations between formal refugee housing and informal sites? Why, given the poor conditions of most refugee camps, are they still viewed as the ‘best’ solution to housing? What role do policy decisions play in ‘othering’ spaces, places, groups and individuals? We examine the spatial effects of multiple policy levels and interventions (EU, national, local, grassroots) on refugee accommodation.
The Spiral of Sovereignty: Enacting and Entangling the State from Haiti's Streets
Authors: Kivland Chelsey L. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTHow, and at what cost, do people improvise political communities in the face of state collapse? In the neglected sectors of urban Haiti, groups of young men broker relations with politicians, state agents, and NGO workers to secure representation, resources, and jobs for themselves and neighbors. Although often classified as apolitical criminal gangs, these groups (locally calledbaz) more accurately express a novel mode of state‐making in their attempts to perform governance and make other governing agents active in the zone. The baz has proved an innovative and often effective form of political brokerage in the current configuration of state and NGO governance while at the same time precipitating contests of leadership that exacerbate neighborhood insecurity. Still, I argue that this effort to reconstitute state‐like modes of rule and order offers an important lesson for political thought: one that counters prevailing modes of conceptualizing the state as that which should be avoided. In the stead of a vitiated government, the state can resurface as the aspirational bedrock of the good society. [governance, gangs, urban politics, state and sovereignty, Haiti]
Hinglaj Devi: Solidifying Hindu Identity at a Hindu Temple in Pakistan
Authors: Schaflechner Jürgen 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTBy exploring the features of Hinglaj Devi, the most important Hindu pilgrimage site in Pakistan, this article reveals how one local caste's version became hegemonic at Hinglaj and has today become practically synonymous with the “real” or the “actual” tradition of the goddess. Mainly utilizing my ethnographic material, this article describes how the increasingly plural religious landscapes at Hinglaj—seen in the vast crowds the annual festivals attract from a wide range of castes, languages, ethnicities, and nationalities—has not led to a democratization of interpretation of the shrine's various traditions but rather to the solidification of a particular interpretation of Hinduism favored by the local Lasi Lohana community. Thanks to the vast institutional network attached to the temple committee—largely composed of Lasi Lohana group members—Lohana practices at the temple have been framed and disseminated in a way that suggests their association with broader notions of progress and education. [ritual journey, solidification, Baluchistan, Hinglaj Devi, Pakistani Hinduism]
Citizens' juries give verdict on whether private practice veterinarians should attend unvaccinated Hendra virus suspect horses
Authors: Annand EJ , Reid PA , Johnson J , Gilbert GL , Taylor M , Walsh M , Ward MP , Wilson A , Degeling C 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundHendra virus (HeV) is endemic in Australian flying foxes, posing a threat to equine and human health. Equine vaccination remains the most effective risk mitigation strategy. Many horses remain unvaccinated – even in higher‐risk regions. Debate surrounding the vaccine's use is characterised by conflicting perspectives, misunderstanding and mistrust. Private veterinary practitioners are critical to early identification of public health risk through recognition, sampling and management of suspect‐equine‐HeV‐cases. However, managing such cases can be burdensome, with some veterinarians opting not to attend unvaccinated horses or to abandon equine practice because of risk posed by HeV disease and liability.ObjectiveAscertain the perspectives of informed citizens on what obligations (if any) private veterinarians have to attend unvaccinated horses with HeV or HeV‐like disease.MethodsThree citizens' juries were tasked with considering approaches to managing HeV risk in Australia, including (reported here) roles and obligations of private veterinarians in responding to HeV‐suspect‐cases.ResultsJurors acknowledged that HeV management posed an important challenge for private veterinarians. A clear majority (27 of 31 jurors) voted that veterinarians should not be obliged to attend unvaccinated horses. All recognised that greater support for veterinarians should be a priority.ConclusionsWhen informed of HeV risks and strategies for control and management, citizens appreciated the need to support veterinarians performing this critical ‘One Health’ role for public benefit. The current governance framework within which zoonotic disease recognition and response operates limits the contingency and scope for increasing support and efficacy of these important veterinary public health practices.
Bone mineral density improves during 2 years of treatment with bisphosphonates in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Arends Suzanne , Wink Freke , Veneberg Joyce , Bos Reinhard , van Roon Eric , van der Veer Eveline , Maas Fiona , Spoorenberg Anneke 
Published: June 2020

AimsTo evaluate whether 2 years of treatment with bisphosphonates in combination with calcium/vitamin D supplements has an effect on lumbar spine and hip bone mineral density (BMD) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients starting tumour necrosis factor‐α inhibitors or receiving conventional treatment. Secondly, to explore the development of radiographic vertebral fractures.MethodsPatients from the Groningen Leeuwarden AS cohort receiving bisphosphonates based on clinical indication and available 2‐year follow‐up BMD measurements were included. BMD of lumbar spine (L1–L4) and hip (total proximal femur) were measured using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Spinal radiographs (Th4–L4) were scored for vertebral fractures according to the Genant method.ResultsIn the 20 included patients (median 52 years, 14 males), lumbar spine and hip BMD Z‐scores increased significantly; median from −1.5 (interquartile range [IQR] −2.2 to 0.4) to 0.1 (IQR −1.5 to 1.0); P < .001 and median from −1.0 (IQR −1.6 to −0.7) to −0.8 (IQR −1.2 to 0.0); P = .006 over 2 years, respectively. In patients also treated with tumour necrosis factor‐α inhibitors (n = 11), lumbar spine and hip BMD increased significantly (median 2‐year change +8.6% [IQR 2.4 to 19.6; P = .009] and +3.6% [IQR 0.7–9.0; P = .007]). In patients on conventional treatment (n = 9), lumbar spine BMD increased significantly (median 2‐year change +3.6%; IQR 0.7 to 9.0; P = .011) and no improvement was seen in hip BMD (median −0.6%; IQR −3.1 to 5.1; P = .61). Overall, younger AS males with limited spinal radiographic damage showed most improvement in lumbar spine BMD. Four mild radiographic vertebral fractures developed in 3 patients and 1 fracture increased from mild to moderate over 2 years in postmenopausal women and middle‐aged men.ConclusionThis explorative observational cohort study in AS showed that 2 years of treatment with bisphosphonates in combination with calcium/vitamin D supplements significantly improves lumbar spine BMD. Mild radiographic vertebral fractures still occurred.
Batch Bayesian optimization design for optimizing a neurostimulator
Authors: Kaplan Adam , Murray Thomas A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecently, spinal epidural neurostimulation is being considered for rehabilitation of persons suffering from partial spinal‐cord injury. The neurostimulator must be programmed by a neurosurgeon, yet little work has been done to develop rigorous methods for optimally programming the device. We propose an adaptive design to efficiently optimize programming of the neurostimulator based on specified interim evaluations of patient reported preferences. Preferences for the eligible device configurations are estimated after each interim analysis through a conditionally autoregressive model that assumes preference for one configuration is related to preferences for neighboring configurations. Using the adaptively updated preferences, a group of configurations is programmed into the device for the patient to evaluate during the next follow‐up period. This selection is based on a balance of device exploration and preference maximization. We repeat this process until a specified stopping rule or the calibration end is reached. We show simulation studies to evaluate the overall quality of the adaptive calibration for various configuration selection strategies and the effects of stopping it early.