bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’IMMIGRATION IRRÉGULIÈRE DANS L’ESPACE EURO- MÉDITERRANÉEN ET LA PROTECTION DES DROITS FONDAMENTAUX
Authors: Kerdoun Azzouz 
Published: November 2019

La question de l’immigration irrégulière bouscule aujourd’hui les pays des deux rives de la Méditerranée, car le phénomène migratoire engendre de nombreux drames humains à chaque traversée de la mer, inacceptables pour la conscience de l’humanité. La réalité est que cette immigration, vu son caractère « clandestin », ne cesse d’alimenter les débats, tant au niveau européen qu’au niveau maghrébin, voire même au niveau africain. Pour l’Afrique, d’où partent par vagues successives les jeunes migrants, c’est une perte de bras valides pour le développement. La migration irrégulière préoccupe beaucoup les dirigeants politiques, du fait de son ampleur et de son impact sur les pays de transit et d’accueil. Elle serait la cause de problèmes sociaux, politiques et sécuritaires. La crainte est que cette immigration considérée comme « porteuse de risques », constitue une menace et un danger pour la stabilité, la cohésion sociale et l’identité des sociétés d’accueil. Cet article analyse la situation des migrants qui sont en porte à faux avec les législations nationales relatives à l’entrée et au séjour sur le territoire des pays de réception, et relève les violations de leurs droits de l’homme au court des étapes de leur voyage. Ceci demande une protection juridique en considération de la personne humaine, conformément aux principes du droit international qui reconnait et énonce des droits en faveur des migrants et des réfugiés.
SOBRE SUPEREXPLORAÇÃO E CAPITALISMO DEPENDENTE
Authors: Osorio Jaime 
Published: November 2019

<p>Este artigo é uma crítica às teses que sustentam que Marx não teria deixado dúvidas de que a força de trabalho de nosso tempo é paga por seu valor, o que exigiria abandonar a categoria de superexploração. Aqui, procuramos mostrar que a violação do valor da força de trabalho é um problema inscrito na teoria marxista e presente em O Capital. Por outro lado, argumentamos sobre a relevância da noção de capitalismo dependente e seu significado para entender as particularidades desse capitalismo, que o separa das trajetórias e objetivos do capitalismo desenvolvido.</p><p><span>ABOUT SUPER- EXPLOITATION AND DEPENDENT CAPITALISM</span></p><div class="trans-abstract"><p>This article is a critique of the theories that sustain that Marx affirms that the labor force is paid for its value. Here we try to show that a violation of the value of the labor force is a problem inscribed in Marxist theory and present in <em>O Capital</em>. On the other hand, it argues about the importance of the notion of dependent capitalism and its meaning to understand its particularities that separate it from the traits and objectives of capitalism developed.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Superexplotation; Dependent capitalism; Capitalism patterns</p></div><div class="trans-abstract"><p class="sec"><span>SUR SUPEREXPLOTATION ET CAPITALISME DÉPENDANT</span></p><p>Cet article est une critique des théories qui soutiennent que Marx affirme que la force de travail est payée pour sa valeur. Nous essayons ici de montrer qu’uneviolation de la valeur de la force de travail est unproblèm einscrit dans la théorie marxiste et présent dans <em>O Capital</em>. D’autre part, il argumente sur l’importance de la notion de capitalisme dépendant et sa signification pour comprendre ses particularités qui le séparent des traits et des objectifs du capitalisme développé.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Superexplotation; Capitalisme dépendant; Modèles de capitalisme</p></div>
Exercise as an abortive treatment for cluster headaches: Insights from a large patient registry
Authors: Kang Mi‐Kyoung , Hong Yooha , Cho Soo‐Jin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the potential of exercise as an abortive treatment for patients with cluster headache (CH).MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among CH patients at a single center in Korea. Demographics and headache characteristics were compared between those who found exercise effective and those who did not. We analyzed the type and intensity of exercise used. Headache improvement was measured as intensity reduction, with ≥50% improvement defined as a reduction in intensity by half or more. Exercise intensity was categorized as moderate (“possible to talk but hard to sing”) or high (“difficult to speak without pausing”). Case reports of patients exercising during CH attacks were also reviewed.ResultsAmong 167 registered CH patients, 136 patients provided responses about exercise during CH attacks; 39.7% (54/136) attempted exercise as treatment. Improvement was reported by 42.6% (23/54), with ≥50% improvement in 29.6% (16/54). Patients who found exercise effective had lower Headache Impact Test‐6 scores. Effective exercises included running (39.1%), squats (30.4%), and stair climbing (21.7%), with high‐intensity exercise effective for 52.2% and moderate intensity for 43.5%. Among the 23 patients who benefited from exercise, 18 reported their most effective treatment, which were exercise alone in 50% (9/18), followed by exercise with triptans in 38.9% (7/18), and oxygen with or without triptans in 5.5% (1/18).InterpretationAbout 40% of CH patients attempted exercise for acute CH management, with 30% experiencing over 50% improvement. While evidence is limited, exercise may help alleviate headaches and could be considered an adjunctive treatment for CH attacks.
Efficacy and safety of combined low‐dose rituximab regimen for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Du Ying , Yan Qi , Li Chuan , Zhu Wenping , Zhao Chao , Hao Yunfeng , Li Lin , Yao Dan , Zhou Xuan , Li Ying , Dang Yuting , Zhang Rong , Han Lin , Wang Yuanyuan , Hou Tao , Li Juan , Li Hailin , Jiang Panpan , Wang Pei , Chen Fenying , Zhu Tingge , Liu Juntong , Liu Shuyu , Gao Lan , Zhao Yingjun , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the efficacy and safety of combined low‐dose rituximab with conventional therapy for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) treatment.MethodsTotal 73 patients with CIDP were enrolled for the retrospective cohort study, and divided into conventional first‐line therapy cohort (n = 40) and combined low‐dose rituximab (100 mg per infusion) cohort (n = 33). The outcome measures include scores of I‐RODS, mRS, INCAT, ONLS, TSS, and COMPASS 31 scale at baseline and regular four visits (4, 16, 28, and 52 weeks), as well as proportion of favorable response and outcome, corticosteroids dosage, and deterioration occurrence during follow‐up.ResultsCompared to conventional therapy cohort, combined rituximab cohort presented better improvements and higher proportion of favorable response in scales assessments at each visit, as well as significantly reduced corticosteroids dosage and deterioration occurrence during the follow‐up. Analyses of subgroups showed better improvements in both typical CIDP and CIDP variants in combined rituximab cohort than those in conventional therapy cohort, but had no differences between each other. Early initiating combined rituximab regimen (<10 weeks) showed better improvements than delayed initiation (≥10 weeks) at the first three visits within 28 weeks, while had no difference in favorable prognoses at the last visit of 52 weeks after once reinfusion. No rituximab correlated serious adverse events were reported in our patients.InterpretationOur simplified regimen of combined low‐dose rituximab has been firstly demonstrated for the better efficacy and safety than conventional therapy in CIDP treatment.
Characteristics That Predict Psoriatic Arthritis by the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis 18 Years After Disease Onset
Authors: Szentpetery Agnes , Glerup Mia , Aalto Kristiina , Arnstad Ellen D. , Fasth Anders , Herlin Troels , Myrup Charlotte , Nordal Ellen , Peltoniemi Suvi , Rygg Marite , Gjertsen Rypdal Veronika , Berntson Lillemor 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were to assess the clinical characteristics of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who fulfill the ClASsification criteria for Psoriatic ARthritis (CASPAR) 18 years after disease onset in a population‐based setting and to identify features likely to predict psoriatic arthritis (PsA).MethodsPatients with JIA from defined geographic regions of Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden with disease onset from 1997 to 2000 were enrolled prospectively and followed up for 18 years. Clinical, laboratory, and heredity data for psoriasis were collected. Patients were classified according to the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) criteria at baseline, and we applied ILAR and CASPAR criteria at 18 years. Logistic regression was performed to study the effects of JIA‐related characteristics and heredity for psoriasis on being classified for PsA.ResultsAmong the 510 patients enrolled, 434 participated in the 18‐year follow‐up, 28 (6.5%) met the ILAR criteria, and 41 (9.4%) fulfilled the CASPAR criteria. Patients with wrist or subtalar joint involvement at onset had higher odds of being classified with PsA at 18 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.3, P = 0.02 and OR 12.9, P = 0.01, respectively). Presence of psoriasis, nail abnormalities, or dactylitis showed significant association with development of PsA (OR 20.2, P < 0.001; OR 11.6, P = 0.002; and OR 43.4, P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionCASPAR criteria identify more patients with PsA compared with ILAR criteria and may better capture the heterogeneous nature of the disease. Presence of psoriasis and dactylitis at disease onset were the strongest predictors for the development of PsA. Further studies on the utility of CASPAR criteria in patients with JIA are needed.
Contraceptives or Hormone Replacement Therapy and Associations with Autoimmune Conditions: Exploring Effects of Estrogen Analog Supplementation
Authors: Tskhakaia Irakli , Gonzalez Moret Yurilu , Palmer Anna‐Kay , Lema Diego , Musri M. Carolina , Tsibadze Nanuka , Lau Arthur 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of estrogen and progesterone analog supplementation on the development of autoimmune conditions.MethodsThis retrospective observational study used data from the TriNetX network, which comprised over 100 million patients from 89 health care organizations. We compared patients exposed to estrogen and progesterone analogs to those exposed to progesterone‐only therapy, using 1:1 propensity score matching based on age, ethnicity, and additional criteria. The primary outcomes were incidences of various autoimmune conditions.ResultsWe included 3,338,925 patients in the group who received estrogen and progesterone and 2,090,758 patients in the group who received progesterone only. Prematching, the group who received combined therapy showed increased risks for Sjögren disease (risk ratio [RR] 1.46), rheumatoid arthritis (RR 1.1), and other autoimmune conditions. Postmatching, significant associations persisted for most conditions, with increased risks for systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, giant cell arteritis, Behcet disease, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The group who received combination therapy appeared to have lower risks of developing antiphospholipid syndrome (RR 0.7).ConclusionCombined estrogen and progesterone therapy is associated with an increased risk of several autoimmune conditions. The role of estrogen, despite its protective effects against some conditions, underscores the complex interplay of sex hormones in autoimmunity. Further prospective studies are needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and evaluate causality.
Snowflake‐Like RuMn Branched Nanosheets Enable Topocatalytic Therapy of Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Resisting Inflammatory Cascade and Neutrophil Invasion
Authors: Mo Xinhai , Liu Liping , Zhang Libo , Hu Min , Xiang Huijing , Chen Yu , Zhang Bo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMyocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the main cause for limited response to treatment after clinical revascularization. The primary mechanisms are over production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and severe inflammatory response, leading to irreversible damage to cardiac tissue. Herein, this work proposes the concept of topocatalytic nanomedicine and reports a distinctive class of snowflake‐like ultrathin manganese‐doped ruthenium branched nanosheets with PEGylation (RuMn BNSP) that could overcome complex biological conditions to attenuate myocardial I/R injury. The snowflake‐like RuMn BNSP mimic the function of antioxidative enzymes to effectively scavenge RONS, thereby enabling the excellent cellular protection against oxidative stress. In addition, in an oxidized environment, the snowflake‐like RuMn BNSP could maintain mitochondrial function by preventing mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. In a myocardial I/R murine model, a single intravenous bolus of RuMn BNSP prevents the recruitment of inflammatory neutrophils and amplification of inflammatory responses in cardiac tissue, thereby reducing the size of myocardial infarction and improving the cardiac function. These findings validate the rational design of snowflake‐like RuMn BNSP to effectively scavenge toxic RONS and reduce neutrophil infiltration on myocardial I/R injury, providing strong evidence for the application of RuMn BNSP in other oxidative stress‐related diseases.
Multifunctional Submicron SiC Fibers for Extreme Environments: Superior Electromagnetic Absorption and High‐Temperature Performance
Authors: Kang Weifeng , Shen Yan , Yang Tianyue , Zhao Zhongqian , Gou Yanzi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe development of radar stealth for high‐speed flight vehicles and aviation engines requires novel flexible fiber materials that can not only withstand high temperatures, but also exhibit superior electromagnetic wave absorption. This study addresses this challenge by reporting the successful fabrication of submicron‐diameter (≈700 nm) SiC fibers with excellent properties. These fibers achieve the best electromagnetic wave absorption performance (−63.34 dB) among all the ceramic fibers, maintaining high‐temperature stability up to 1800 °C. They also demonstrate excellent oxidation resistance (1400 °C) and thermal insulation (0.273 W m−1 K−1 at 1200 °C). Furthermore, the fibers exhibit excellent corrosion resistance, prominent hydrophobic properties, reliable filtering quality, and excellent flexibility. This study overcomes the limitations of conventional multifunctional micro/nanofibers by achieving superior high‐temperature performance and electromagnetic absorption. These SiC fibers are promising materials for structural and functional integration in extreme environments.
On‐Chip Multidimensional Manipulations of Spatial Laser Fields by Jointly Controlling Amplitude and Phase of Metasurface
Authors: Bao Lei , Wu Bo , Wu Rui Yuan , Wang QiuHua , Pei Xianzi , Zhang Huan , Chen Pei Pei , Xu Chen , Kan Qiang , Cui Tie Jun , Xie Yi‐Yang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOver the past decades, metasurfaces have experienced rapid development controlling the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Seamlessly combining metasurfaces with semiconductor devices enhance the device's performance and expand functional diversity. Currently, vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers integrated with metasurfaces (MS‐VCSELs) employed to generate various wavefronts. However, the existing MS‐VCSELs that use only phase modulation still face limitations and challenges in generating customized fields, especially in 3D space. Here, amplitude‐phase metasurfaces are proposed and joint amplitude‐phase modulations are employed to increase the degree of freedom in controlling laser fields. By using electron beam lithography (EBL) and inductively coupled plasma reaction ion etching (ICP‐RIE), metasurfaces are directly fabricated on the back‐emitting surface of VCSELs, enabling samples to realize diverse functions such as multi‐focus multi‐plane generation and intensity control, multi‐plane holographic images, and laser beam deflections with different intensities. Compared to traditional discrete metasurface configurations, the proposed scheme achieves on‐chip integration of amplitude‐phase metasurface with the light source, enhancing the multidimensional laser field modulation capabilities of MS‐VCSELs in the 3D space while further promoting the cross‐integration of metasurfaces with optoelectronic devices. It is believed that MS‐VCSELs with amplitude‐phase modulations hold significant promise for applications in 3D imaging, facial recognition, and laser communications.
Strong Exciton Emission and Ultra‐Photostable Near Infrared‐II Fluorescent Protein for In Vivo Imaging
Authors: Chang Zong , Cai Jianglan , Liu ChenChen , Zhao Shubi , Zhang Xiaoping , Wang Feifei , Sun Qinchao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn vivo fluorescent imaging in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) provides an excellent approach for understanding the biological processes in substantially scattered tissue environments with reasonable temporal‐spatial resolution. In spite of an enormous amount of organic and inorganic NIR‐II fluorophores developed, there are no reported NIR‐II fluorescent protein. Here, the first NIR‐II fluorescent protein is presented, IRFP1032, which exhibits strong exciton absorption and emission in the NIR‐II region, with exciton extinction coefficient about 4.1 × 106 M−1cm−1 at the excitation maximum 1008 nm, emission maximum of 1032 nm, and emission quantum yield about 0.84%. The IRFP1032 is found to be one of the brightest NIR‐II fluorophores ever reported (brightness of 3.4×104 M−1cm−1 in PBS), thousands‐fold brighter than IR26 in DCM. Furthermore, the IRFP1032 exhibits an ultra‐photostability in comparison to small organic fluorophore. Taking the advantage of the excellent photophysical properties of the NIR‐II fluorescent protein, high‐quality in vivo imaging is realized, for instance, real time observation of blood flow dynamics, dual‐channel imaging of the lymphatic/blood vessel network, and the trajectories of single bacterial cell travelling in blood vessels. The promising NIR‐II in vivo imaging properties demonstrated here with IRPF1032 can open a new scene in fluorescent protein‐based imaging.
Heterogeneous Amine with Polycyclic‐Aromatics‐Modified Hole Transport Material for Efficient and Operationally Durable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Luo Yang , Li Tianyu , He Lifei , Dong Linlin , Xie Tianyou , Ren Yutong , Zhang Zheng , Yang Gen , Jia Yixin , Zhou Jinpeng , Guo Kunpeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAchieving efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high operational durability is a challenging task. Here, by exploiting the heterogeneous amine strategy at the molecular level, a novel spirobifluorene derivative bearing methoxynaphthalene and 9,9‐dimethylfluorene heterogeneous amine peripheral groups (N2,N2′,N7,N7′‐tetrakis(9,9‐dimethyl‐9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)‐N2,N2′,N7,N7′‐tetrakis(6‐methoxynaphthalen‐2‐yl)‐9,9′‐spirobi[fluorene]‐2,2′,7,7′‐tetraamine, denoted as Spiro‐NADF) as a hole transport material (HTM) is developed to address the efficiency and durability issues of PSCs. Compared with 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenyl)‐amine‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene, Spiro‐NADF exhibits not only favorable energy level alignment but also a higher glass transition temperature and strong adhesion to perovskite. Moreover, Spiro‐NADF‐based transport layer shows excellent morphological stability in devices against damp heat stress. These advantages reduce voltage loss and suppress perovskite decomposition and ion migration. Consequently, PSCs based on Spiro‐NADF exhibit a champion efficiency of 24.66% with an open‐circuit voltage of 1.19 V. The corresponding cells show greatly enhanced operational durability against harsh environments, retaining over 92% of the initial efficiencies for 500 h aging under a damp heat test (85 °C and 70–90% relative humidity) and illumination under the maximum power point tracking, respectively. This work demonstrates that molecular engineering of HTMs using heterogeneous amines with polycyclic aromatics leaves considerable room for developing efficient and stable PSCs.
Self‐Healable, Shape‐Programmable and Humidity‐Responsive Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators Enabled by Dynamic Covalent Boronic Ester Bonds and Aggregation Induced Emission Luminogens
Authors: Wang Zizheng , Yuan Baohua , Yang Yihai , Li Zhaozhong , Zhang Yuhan , Bao Jinying , Zhang Lanying , Lan Ruochen , Yang Huai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLiquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) are considered as emerging functional materials that present potentials in fabrication of intelligent soft robots, biomimetic devices and photonic actuators. Here, a new functional liquid crystalline (LC) monomer with dynamic boronic ester group is designed and synthesized. This new molecule has a wide LC phase and polymerizable acrylic double bonds, which facilitates subsequent polymerization to prepare films. The prepared LCEs matrix is intrinsically self‐healable and self‐weldable. In addition, such material can be used as versatile matrix to be functionalized as diverse devices. By introducing the humidity responsive aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) molecules into the LCEs film, which exhibit bright fluorescence at low relative humidity (RH). Finally, copper sulfide (CuS) nanoparticles are doped into the LCEs film to achieve programmable thermal‐responsive deformations. This work provides valuable insight for the development of smart soft robots in actuating area.
Omnibearing Molecular‐Locking of Perovskite Lattice Enables High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency over 26%
Authors: Zhao Wenhao , Lin Deyou , Guo Pengfei , Jia Ning , Wu Jiahao , Ye Qian , Yan Feng , Wang Hongqiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolution‐processed polycrystalline perovskite films are favorable for low‐cost manufacturing of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, multiple‐energy‐level trap states in perovskites can trigger ionic migration and degrade device efficiency. Herein, a multidentate‐anchoring strategy by introducing 6‐thioguanine as an additive is employed to enable omnibearing molecular locking of the perovskite lattice. Theoretical calculations indicate that the molecular locking can increase the formation energy of multiple‐energy‐level defects including I vacancy, Pb vacancy, Pb interstitial, and Pb‐I antisite, which can enhance the stability of PSCs. The additive can not only retard crystal growth that initiates the construction of high‐crystallinity film with fewer trap states, but also up‐shift energy level of perovskite that favors interfacial hole extraction. Owing to these merits, present work achieves a formamidinium lead iodide PSC that delivers a champion efficiency of 26.02%, setting a new benchmark for TiO2‐based planar PSCs, along with pronounced operational stability with almost no efficiency degradation over 400 h. This work paves a way for exploring constructive molecular configurations to simultaneously eliminate multiple‐energy‐level defects in perovskite for advanced photovoltaics.