bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Public Health Impact of Implementing a Concentration‐Based Microbiological Criterion for Controlling Salmonella in Ground Turkey
Authors: Lambertini Elisabetta , Ruzante Juliana M. , Kowalcyk Barbara B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDespite initiatives to improve the safety of poultry products in the United States, progress has stalled, and salmonellosis incidence is still above Healthy People 2020's goal. One strategy to manage Salmonella and verify process control in poultry establishments is to implement microbiological criteria (MC) linked to public health outcomes. Concentration‐based MC have been used by the food industry; however, the public health impact of such approaches is only starting to be assessed. This study evaluated the public health impact of a concentration‐based MC for Salmonella in raw ground turkey consumed in the United States using a quantitative risk assessment modeling approach. The distribution of Salmonella concentration in ground turkey was derived from USDA‐FSIS monitoring surveys. Other variables and parameters were derived from public databases, literature, and expert opinion. Based on considered concentrations, implementing a MC of 1 cell/g led to an estimated 46.1% reduction (preventable fraction, PF) in the mean probability of illness when consumer cooking and cross‐contamination were included. The PF was consistent across scenarios including or excluding cross‐contamination and cooking, with slightly lower mean PF when cross‐contamination was included. The proportion of lots not compliant with the 1 cell/g MC was 1.05% in the main scenarios and increased nonlinearly when higher Salmonella concentrations were assumed. Assumptions on concentration variability across lots and within lots had a large impact, highlighting the benefit of reducing this uncertainty. These approach and results can help inform the development of MC to monitor and control Salmonella in ground turkey products.
Settler Colonialism and Rural Environmental Injustice: Water Inequality on the Navajo Nation*
Authors: Bray Laura A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEnvironmental justice research highlights the distinct processes generating environmental problems in rural places. Rural communities of color suffer the dual disadvantage of spatial and racial marginalization, yet we know little about the role of race and racism within rural environmental inequality formation. This study draws on theories of settler colonialism and rural environmental justice to investigate the historical formation of water inequality in the American Southwest. In 1962, Congress authorized two water projects to divide the San Juan River between the Navajo Nation and New Mexico. The Navajo Indian Irrigation project (NIIP) would develop family farms on the Navajo Nation, while the San Juan‐Chama Project (SJCP) diverted water into the Rio Grande Basin for urban use. While New Mexico's project was completed ahead of schedule in 1973, the NIIP has yet to be finished today, almost six decades later. Using archival material, government documents, and secondary accounts, this study examines racial meanings in the years leading up to NIIP approval. Findings reveal that settler officials used the NIIP as a mechanism to appropriate Native resources. I show how racial projects within NIIP negotiations contributed to colonial domination by diminishing the political sovereignty of the Navajo Nation.
Longitudinal associations between Identity processes and goal engagement and disengagement: Directionality of effects and correlated change
Authors: Skhirtladze Nino , Luyckx Koen , Schwartz Seth J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDevelopmental regulation strategies and identity processes are hypothesized as influencing one another over time. This three‐wave longitudinal study (N = 369; 20% male) examined, for the first time, the extent to which (a) identity exploration and commitment processes and (b) developmental regulation strategies (goal engagement and disengagement) predicted one another over time; and whether change in identity processes was correlated with change in developmental regulation strategies. Cross‐lagged analyses indicated that goal engagement predicted commitment processes and exploration in breadth whereas goal disengagement predicted exploration in depth and reconsideration of commitment. Change in goal engagement was correlated with change in commitment processes, reconsideration of commitment, and exploration in breadth and depth. Change in goal disengagement was correlated with change in all three exploration processes and in reconsideration of commitment. Our longitudinal results suggest mechanisms of human development (stability‐flexibility) and may suggest broader developmental principles underlying goal pursuit and identity work among emerging adults.
Typologies of Scepticism in the Philosophical Tradition of Kalām
Authors: Mihirig Abdurrahman Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article examines the role of scepticism in the Islamic philosophical tradition. It begins with a treatment of the origins and purpose of these discussions in classical kalām (c. 800–1100 CE). Then it moves on to the more mature discussions treating five forms of scepticism in the post‐classical period (c.1200–1800 CE), with the aim of demonstrating how they construed scepticism, the arguments for and against it, and what purposes scepticism played in their system. Three of these types of scepticism are unrestricted, meaning that their denial of knowledge is universal. The other two types are restricted to a denial of inferential knowledge, either entirely, or in certain subjects such as metaphysics and natural philosophy. The discussion will focus on two of the most widely studied works of kalām: Saʿd al‐Din al‐Taftāzānī's Sharḥ al‐ʿAqāʾid al‐Nasafiyya and Jalāl al‐Dīn al‐Dawānī's Sharḥ al‐ʿAqāʾid al‐ʿAḍudiyya, including some of their super‐commentaries.
Cheaper currencies and long‐term growth: The effect of exchange rate management and capital controls
Authors: Cumperayot Phornchanok , Kouwenberg Roy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we test whether weakening the domestic currency can help boost economic growth. To estimate this policy‐relevant but yet complex link, we apply a new mediation analysis to isolate the long‐term growth effects of currency undervaluation induced by active exchange rate management and capital control policies. Using a dataset of 182 countries in the post‐Bretton‐Woods period, we find that changes in undervaluation driven by exchange rate management and capital control policies have no significant impact on long‐term growth. In addition, the direct growth effects of these policies are typically negative and offset the small positive impact gained indirectly through increased currency undervaluation.
A FRAMEWORK OF SPIRITUALITY FOR THE FUTURE OF NATURALISM
Authors: Chatlos John Calvin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWilliam James wrote that the life of religion “consists of the belief that there is an unseen order, and that our supreme good lies in harmoniously adjusting ourselves thereto.” Naturalism organizes our experiences of the universe within a science‐grounded philosophical and/or religious framework aligning it with what is supremely good for our lives. This article describes a science‐grounded specific “Framework of Spirituality” identifying part of this unseen order that opens a “spiritual core” within persons as a source of healing and happiness. A cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) expanded process shows how experiences of human worth and dignity are keys to this new awareness and provides speculation for a brain function and evolutionary explanation. Details of this knowledge are related to various perspectives and authors of naturalism—scientific, religious, ecstatic, and ecological—to contribute to a future direction for the understanding, development, and further expression of naturalism.
A Theoretical/Numerical Study on Ultrasound Wave Coupling From Structure to Remotely Bonded Fiber Bragg Grating Ultrasound Sensor
Authors: Huang H. , Balusu K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recently published experimental works on remotely bonded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) ultrasound (US) sensors show that they display some unique characteristics that are not observed with directly bonded FBG sensors. These studies suggest that the bonding of the optical fiber strongly influences how the ultrasound waves are coupled from the structure to the FBG sensor. In this paper, the analytical model of the structure-adhesive-optical fiber section, treated as an ultrasound coupler, is derived and analyzed to explain the observed experimental phenomena. The resulting dispersion curve shows that the ultrasound coupler possesses a cutoff frequency, above which a dispersive longitudinal mode exists. The low propagation speed of the dispersive longitudinal mode leads to multiple resonances at and above the cutoff frequency. To characterize the resonant characteristics of the ultrasound coupler, a semi-analytical model is implemented and the scattering parameters (S-parameters) are introduced for broadband time-frequency analysis. The simulation was able to reproduce the experiment observations reported by other researchers. Furthuremore, the behaviors of the remotely bonded FBG sensors can be explained based on its resonant characteristics.
New constraints on the age, geochemistry, and environmental impact of High Arctic Large Igneous Province magmatism: Tracing the extension of the Alpha Ridge onto Ellesmere Island, Canada
Authors: Naber T.V. , Grasby S.E. , Cuthbertson J.P. , Rayner N. , Tegner C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP) represents extensive Cretaceous magmatism throughout the circum-Arctic borderlands and within the Arctic Ocean (e.g., the Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge). Recent aeromagnetic data shows anomalies that extend from the Alpha Ridge onto the northern coast of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. To test this linkage we present new bulk rock major and trace element geochemistry, and mineral compositions for clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and olivine of basaltic dykes and sheets and rhyolitic lavas for the stratotype section at Hansen Point, which coincides geographically with the magnetic anomaly at northern Ellesmere Island. New U-Pb chronology is also presented.
The basaltic and basaltic-andesite dykes and sheets at Hansen Point are all evolved with 5.5–2.5 wt% MgO, 48.3–57.0 wt% SiO2, and have light rare-earth element enriched patterns. They classify as tholeiites and in Th/Yb vs. Nb/Yb space they define a trend extending from the mantle array toward upper continental crust. This trend, also including a rhyolite lava, can be modeled successfully by assimilation and fractional crystallization. The U-Pb data for a dacite sample, that is cut by basaltic dykes at Hansen Point, yields a crystallization age of 95.5 ± 1.0 Ma, and also shows crustal inheritance. The chronology and the geochemistry of the Hansen Point samples are correlative with the basaltic lavas, sills, and dykes of the Strand Fiord Formation on Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, Canada. In contrast, a new U-Pb age for an alkaline syenite at Audhild Bay is significantly younger at 79.5 ± 0.5 Ma, and correlative to alkaline basalts and rhyolites from other locations of northern Ellesmere Island (Audhild Bay, Philips Inlet, and Yelverton Bay West; 83–73 Ma). We propose these volcanic occurrences be referred to collectively as the Audhild Bay alkaline suite (ABAS). In this revised nomenclature, the rocks of Hansen Point stratotype and other tholeiitic rocks are ascribed to the Hansen Point tholeiitic suite (HPTS) that was emplaced at 97–93 Ma. We suggest this subdivision into suites replace the collective term Hansen Point volcanic complex.
The few dredge samples of alkali basalt available from the top of the Alpha Ridge are akin to ABAS in terms of geochemistry. Our revised dates also suggest that the HPTS and Strand Fiord Formation volcanic rocks may be the hypothesized subaerial large igneous province eruption that drove the Cretaceous Ocean Anoxic Event 2.
Stable Ca and Sr isotopes support volcanically triggered biocalcification crisis during Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a
Authors: Wang Jiuyuan , Jacobson Andrew D. , Sageman Bradley B. , Hurtgen Matthew T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLarge igneous province (LIP) eruptions are hypothesized to trigger biocalcification crises. The Aptian nannoconid crisis, which correlates with emplacement of the Ontong Java Plateau and Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE 1a, ca. 120 Ma), represents one such example. The Ca isotope (δ44/40Ca) system offers potential to detect biocalcification fluctuations in the rock record because Ca isotope fractionation is sensitive to precipitation rate. However, other primary and secondary processes, such as input-output flux perturbations and early diagenesis, can produce similar signals. Here, we exploit emergent properties of the stable Sr isotope (δ88/86Sr) system to resolve the origin of δ44/40Ca variability during OAE 1a. This study reports high-precision thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) δ44/40Ca, δ88/86Sr, and 87Sr/86Sr records for Hole 866A of Ocean Drilling Program Leg 143 drilled in Resolution Guyot, mid-Pacific Ocean. The samples span ∼27 m.y. from the Barremian (ca. 127 Ma) to the Albian (ca. 100 Ma). The δ44/40Ca and δ88/86Sr secular trends differ from the 87Sr/86Sr record but mimic each other. δ44/40Ca and [Sr], as well as δ44/40Ca and δ88/86Sr, strongly correlate and yield slopes predicted for kinetic control, which demonstrates that variable mass-dependent fractionation rather than end-member mixing dominated the isotopic relationship between carbonates and seawater. Positive δ44/40Ca and δ88/86Sr shifts that begin before OAE 1a and peak within the interval are consistent with reduced precipitation rates. All results combined point to a cascade of effects on rate-dependent Ca and Sr isotope fractionation, which derive from the dynamic interplay between LIP eruptions and biocalcification feedbacks.
Applications of the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model to the partonic structure of the pion
Authors: Broniowski Wojciech , Arriola Enrique Ruiz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present a brief review of results of chiral quark models for soft matrix elements in the pion state, appearing in high-energy processes as well as accessible in present and future lattice studies. A particular attention is paid to the recently explored double parton distribution functions of the pion.
Dynamical quark mass generation in QCD3 within the Hamiltonian approach in Coulomb gauge
Authors: Spengler Felix , Campagnari Davide , Reinhardt Hugo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe investigate the equal-time (static) quark propagator in Coulomb gauge within the Hamiltonian approach to QCD in d = 2 spatial dimensions. Although the underlying Clifford algebra is very different from its counterpart in d = 3, the gap equation for the dynamical mass function has the same form. The additional vector kernel which was introduced in d = 3 to cancel the linear divergence of the gap equation and to preserve multiplicative renormalizability of the quark propagator makes the gap equation free of divergences also in d = 2.
Speed of sound and quark confinement inside neutron stars
Authors: Marczenko Michał 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSeveral observations of high-mass neutron stars (NSs), as well as the first historic detection of the binary neutron star merger GW170817, have delivered stringent constraints on the equation of state (EoS) of cold and dense matter. Recent studies suggest that, in order to simultaneously accommodate a 2M⊙ NS and the upper limit on the compactness, the pressure has to swiftly increase with density and the corresponding speed of sound likely exceeds the conformal limit. In this work, we employ a unified description of hadron-quark matter, the hybrid quark-meson-nucleon (QMN) model, to investigate the EoS under NS conditions. We show that the dynamical confining mechanism of the model plays an important role in explaining the observed properties of NSs.
Nonperturbative quark matter equations of state with vector interactions
Authors: Otto Konstantin , Oertel Micaela , Schaefer Bernd-Jochen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNonperturbative equations of state (EoSs) for two and three quark flavors are constructed with the functional renormalization group (FRG) within a quark-meson model truncation augmented by vector mesons for low temperature and high density. Based on previous FRG studies without repulsive vector meson interactions the influence of isoscalar vector ω- and ϕ-mesons on the dynamical fluctuations of quarks and (pseudo)scalar mesons is investigated. The grand potential as well as vector meson condensates are evaluated as a function of quark chemical potential and the quark matter EoS in β-equilibrium is applied to neutron star (NS) physics. The tidal deformability and mass-radius relations for hybrid stars from combined hadronic and quark matter EoSs are compared for different vector couplings. We observe a significant impact of the vector mesons on the quark matter EoS such that the resulting EoS is sufficiently stiff to support two-solar-mass neutron stars.
Acoussist
Authors: Jin Wenqiang , Xiao Mingyan , Zhu Huadi , Deb Shuchisnigdha , Kan Chen , Li Ming 
Published: December 2020

To cross uncontrolled roadways, where no traffic-halting signal devices are present, pedestrians with visual impairments must rely on their other senses to detect oncoming vehicles and estimate the correct crossing interval in order to avoid potentially fatal collisions. To overcome the limitations of human auditory performance, which can be particularly impacted by weather or background noise, we develop an assisting tool called Acoussist, which relies on acoustic ranging to provide an additional layer of protection for pedestrian safety. The vision impaired can use the tool to double-confirm surrounding traffic conditions before they proceed through a non-signaled crosswalk.
The Acoussist tool is composed of vehicle-mounted external speakers that emit acoustic chirps at a frequency range imperceptible by human ears, but detectable by smartphones operating the Acoussist app. This app would then communicate to the user when it is safe to cross the roadway. Several challenges exist when applying the acoustic ranging to traffic detection, including measuring multiple vehicles' instant velocities and directions with the presence many of them who emit homogeneous signals simultaneously. We address these challenges by leveraging insights from formal analysis on received signals' time-frequency (t-f) profiles. We implement a proof-of-concept of Acoussist using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) portable speakers and smartphones. Extensive in-field experiments have been conducted to validate the effectiveness of Acoussist in improving mobility for people with visual impairments.
Abstract A05: Uncovering the role of Vps34 in pancreatic autophagy and its relation to chronic pancreatitis, a risk factor for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ramos Fernanda , Guillermet-Guibert Julie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Vps34 is the only member of class III of phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) and the main producer of phosphatidylinositol-3-monophosphate (PI3P), a lipid involved in regulating intracellular vesicular trafficking. Vps34 and its regulatory subunit, Vps15, can be found in multiple protein complexes mediating autophagy and endocytic sorting processes. Recent studies have investigated the organismal role of Vps34 by using innovative gene targeting strategies; nonetheless, the role of Vps34 and that of its lipid product, PI3P, in pancreatic physiopathology remain largely unknown. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a pathology characterized by progressive tissue destruction, inflammation, and fibrosis of the exocrine pancreas. The pancreas, in spite of being considered a plastic organ, is only capable of limited regeneration. A central regulator of cell regeneration is autophagy and its role in pancreatic pathologies such as type II diabetes and pancreatic cancer is well established; however, its role in CP is just emerging. CP patients present a higher risk for developing pancreatic cancer. Here, we aim to uncover the role of Vps34 in maintaining the differentiation and regenerative potential of exocrine acinar cells through a constant regulation of the autophagic flux. We generated a mouse strain with an inducible Vps34 inactivation in acinar cells, Elas-CreER/Vps34lox/lox (V34 mice) and compared them to control mice. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with tamoxifen (TAM) at the age of 4 weeks to induce gene recombination. Physical examinations, histopathologic analysis, and activity assays were performed at different time points (2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks) to assess the effects of Vps34 inactivation. Under TAM treatment, as compared to control mice, V34 mice presented severely dilated ducts, considerable immune infiltration, moderate to severe fibrosis, and significant fatty replacement of whole lobules of the pancreas (20-35% of pancreatic mass), reminiscent of human CP histology. However, up to 16 weeks, V34 mice did not present yet any remarkable symptoms observed in CP. Our results show that Vps34 inactivation in acinar cells leads to a replacement of pancreatic parenchyma by cells with another differentiated phenotype (adipocytes, duct cells). Since acinar cells are considered as the pancreas alternative progenitor cells, further investigations are needed to understand how Vps34 regulates cell fate in pancreatic pathology, paving the way for novel therapeutic interventions.
Citation Format: Fernanda Ramos, Julie Guillermet-Guibert. Uncovering the role of Vps34 in pancreatic autophagy and its relation to chronic pancreatitis, a risk factor for pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Targeting PI3K/mTOR Signaling; 2018 Nov 30-Dec 8; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Res 2020;18(10_Suppl):Abstract nr A05.