bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterising acetabular component orientation with pelvic motion during total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Killen Cameron J , Murphy Michael P , Ralles Steven J , Khayatzadeh Saeed , Brown Nicholas M , Patwardhan Avinash G , Havey Robert M , Wu Karen 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Suboptimal acetabular component position can result in impingement, dislocation, and accelerated wear. Intraoperative pelvic motion has led to surgeon error and acetabular cup malposition. This study characterises the relationship between pelvic rotation and postoperative acetabular cup orientation. Methods: A device was constructed to allow cadaveric pelvis rotation along three axes about an acetabular cup in fixed orientation. The acetabular cup was fixed in space at 40° of radiographic inclination and 15° of anteversion relative to the anterior pelvic plane to represent consistent surgeon intraoperative placement. Active marker clusters were fixed to surgical equipment while the cadaveric pelvis was cemented with passive reflective markers, both identified with the Optotrak Certus motion capture system. The reamed cadaveric pelvis was rotated along three axes from –45° to 45° of roll, –30° to 30° of tilt, and –35° to 35° of pitch. The change in component inclination and anteversion was recorded at each 5° interval. Using computed tomography 3D reconstruction, the experimental setup was duplicated computationally to assess against a greater range of pelvis and implant sizes. Results: Radiographic anteversion and inclination showed a non-linear relationship dependent on pelvic roll, tilt, and pitch. Radiographic anteversion changed –0.59°, 0.76° and 0.01° while radiographic inclination changed 0.23°, 0.18° and 1.00° for every 1° of pelvic roll, tilt and pitch, respectively. Computationally, anteversion changed –0.61°, 0.75° and 0.00° while inclination changed 0.22°, 0.19° and 1.00° for every 1° of pelvic roll, tilt and pitch, respectively. These results were independent of cup and pelvis size. Conclusions: Intraoperative pelvic motion can significantly affect final cup position, and this should be accounted for when placing acetabular components during total hip arthroplasty. Based on this study, intraoperative adjustment of the acetabular component position based on pelvis motion may be implemented to improve postoperative component position.
Association of local anesthesia versus conscious sedation with functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing embolectomy
Authors: Marion Joseph T , Seyedsaadat Seyed Mohammad , Pasternak Jeffery J , Rabinstein Alejandro A , Kallmes David F , Brinjikji Waleed 
Published: May 2020

Purpose Compare functional outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing embolectomy with either local anesthesia or conscious sedation. Secondarily, identify differences in hemodynamic parameters and complication rates between groups. Materials and methods Single institution, retrospective review of all acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing embolectomy between January 2014 and July 2018 ( n = 185). Patients receiving general anesthesia ( n = 27) were excluded. One-hundred and eleven of 158 (70.3%) composed the local anesthesia group, and 47 (29.7%) composed the conscious sedation group. Median age was 71 years (interquartile range 59–79). Seventy-eight (49.4%) were male. The median National Institute of Health stroke scale score was 17.5 (interquartile range 11–21). Hemodynamic, medication, complication, and functional outcome data were collected from the anesthesia protocol and medical records. Good functional outcome was defined as a three-month modified Rankin Scale < 2. A multivariate analysis was performed to estimate the association of anesthesia type on three-month modified Rankin Scale score. Results Three-month modified Rankin Scale score <2 was similar between groups ( p = 0.5). Patients receiving conscious sedation were on average younger than patients receiving local anesthesia ( p = 0.01). Conscious sedation patients were more likely to receive intravenous thrombolytic prior to embolectomy ( p = 0.025). The complication rate and hemodynamic parameters were similar between groups. Conclusion Functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing embolectomy appears to be similar for patients receiving local anesthesia and conscious sedation. This similarity may be beneficial to a future study comparing general anesthesia to local anesthesia and conscious sedation. The use of local anesthesia or conscious sedation does not significantly impact hemodynamic status.
RNA-sequencing analysis of differential gene expression associated with arterial stiffness
Authors: Logan Jeongok G , Yun Sijung , Bao Yongde , Farber Emily , Farber Charles R 
Published: May 2020

Objectives Arterial stiffness is recognized as an important predictor of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, independent of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Given that arterial tissue is not easily accessible, most gene expression studies on arterial stiffness have been conducted on animals or on patients who have undergone by-pass surgeries. In order to obtain a deeper understanding of early changes of arterial stiffness, this study compared transcriptome profiles between healthy adults with higher and lower arterial stiffness. Methods The sample included 20 healthy female adults without cardiovascular disease. Arterial stiffness was measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, the “gold-standard” measure of central arterial stiffness. Peripheral blood samples collected to PAXgene™ RNA tubes were used for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The potential confounding effects of age, body mass index, and mean arterial pressure were controlled for in RNA-seq analysis. To validate RNA-seq results, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed for six selected genes. Results The findings demonstrated that genes including CAPN9, IL32, ERAP2, RAB6B, MYBPH, and miRNA626 were down-regulated, and that MOCS1 gene was up-regulated among the people with higher arterial stiffness. Real-time PCR showed that the changes of CAPN9, IL32, ERAP2, and RAB6B were in concordance with RNA-seq data, and confirmed the validity of the gene expression profiles obtained by RNA-seq analysis. Conclusions Previous studies have suggested the potential roles of CAPN9, IL32, and ERAP2 in structural changes of the arterial wall through up-regulation of metalloproteinases. However, the current study showed that CAPN9, IL32, and ERAP2 were down-regulated in the individuals with higher arterial stiffness, compared with those with lower arterial stiffness. The unexpected directions of expression of these genes may indicate an effort to maintain vascular homeostasis during increased arterial stiffness among healthy individuals. Further studies are guaranteed to investigate the roles of CAPN9, IL32, and ERAP2 in regulating arterial stiffness in people with and without cardiovascular disease.
Potential genes and pathways along with immune cells infiltration in the progression of atherosclerosis identified via microarray gene expression dataset re-analysis
Authors: Xu Jing , Yang Yuejin 
Published: May 2020

Objective Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process characterized by the accumulation and formation of lipid-rich plaques within the layers of the arterial wall. Although numerous studies have reported the underlying pathogenesis, no data-based studies have been conducted to analyze the potential genes and immune cells infiltration in the different stages of atherosclerosis via bioinformatics analysis. Methods In this study, we downloaded GSE100927 and GSE28829 from NCBI-GEO database. Gene ontology and pathway enrichment were performed via the DAVID database. The protein interaction network was constructed via STRING. Enriched hub genes were analyzed by the Cytoscape software. The evaluation of the infiltrating immune cells in the dataset samples was performed by the CIBERSORT algorithm. Results We identified 114 common upregulated differentially expressed genes and 22 common downregulated differentially expressed genes. (adjust p value < 0.01 and log FC ≥ 1). A cluster of 10 genes including CYBA, SLC11A1, FCER1G, ITGAM, ITGB2, CD53, ITGAX, VAMP8, CLEC5A, and CD300A were found to be significant. Through the deconvolution algorithm CIBERSORT, we analyzed the significant alteration of immune cells infiltration in the progression of atherosclerosis with the threshold of the Wilcoxon test at p value <0.05. Conclusions These results may reveal the underlying correlations between genes and immune cells in atherosclerosis, which enable us to investigate the novel insights for the development of treatments and drugs.
In vitro quality evaluation of generic ciprofloxacin tablets available in community pharmacies of Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Desta Haile K , Teklehaimanot Tekleab T 
Published: May 2020

The introduction of generic drug products from multiple sources into the health care system of many developing countries may lead to spread of substandard medicines. Post marketing surveillance is very crucial to ensure product quality and eliminate substandard medicines and consequently, ensure better patient clinical outcome. Hence, the aim of the present work was to assess the quality of six generic ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 500 mg tablets available in Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia using in vitro quality control tests. Weight variation test, disintegration test, dissolution test and assay for the content of active ingredients were done as per the United States pharmacopoeia. All generic ciprofloxacin hydrochloride tablets were evaluated for conformity with United States Pharmacopoeial standards.The results of weight variation test indicated that all samples were complied with United States Pharmacopoeial specifications.The percentage content of generic ciprofloxacin tablets was within the range of 90–110% and the disintegration time was found between 2.375 and 6.31 min. In addition, generic ciprofloxacin tablets released more than 80% of the drug in 30 min. Hence, all generic ciprofloxacin tablets met the quality control parameters as per the United States pharmacopoeial specifications.
Independent validation of a predictive nomogram for risk of reinfection in women with recurrent non-complicated urinary tract infections
Authors: Gonzales Favoreto Marcelo , Pereira Gregorio Emerson , Averbeck Marcio Augusto , Almeida Silvio Henrique Maia de 
Published: May 2020

Aims: Independent external validation of a predictive nomogram for risk of reinfection in women with a history of non-complicated recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted to validate the LUTIRE nomogram in a Brazilian female cohort. The nomogram was applied to 81 women presenting non-complicated recurring UTI screened at a urological clinic. External validation was performed using the nomogram variables in patients followed up from January 2014 to December 2016 at a urological clinic. Accuracy of the nomogram was obtained by analyzing the predictive capacity observed in the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess the ability of the nomogram variables to predict the recurrence of UTI over 12 months. The time to recurrence of infection was calculated using a Kaplan–Meier curve and the log-rank test with calculation of the hazard ratio. Results: The mean age of the study population was 42.8 years; 57 women (70.37%) had recurrence. The independent variables with statistical significance in the multivariate analysis were gram-negative bacteria [odds ratio (OR) 18.38; p = 0.03897] and number of UTIs in the past 12 months (OR 25.11; p = 0.00006). The accuracy of the nomogram for discriminating patients who had UTI recurrence was 82.6% (95% CI = 72.5–90.1). Conclusion: The LUTIRE nomogram showed good accuracy among Brazilian women with recurrent UTI.
Computed Tomography Findings Can Help Identify Different Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyp Phenotypes
Authors: Roland Lauren T. , Marcus Sonya , Schertzer Joseph S. , Wise Sarah K. , Levy Joshua M. , DelGaudio John M. 
Published: May 2020

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) has several phenotypes. Objectives The goal of this study was to evaluate computed tomography (CT) findings associated with each CRSwNP phenotype. Methods Patient charts between January 2015 and March 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient groups, including allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) and CRSwNP not otherwise specified (CRSwNP NOS), were determined by standard criteria. The oldest CT scan available was reviewed for Lund–Mackay (LM) score, septal involvement of inflammatory disease, opacification of olfactory clefts, nasal cavity opacification, and oblique positioning of the middle turbinates. Nonparametric analyses of variance were performed with correction for multiple comparisons. Results A total of 356 patients had scans available for review; 80 (23%) patients were categorized into the AFRS group, 101 (28%) in the AERD group, 43 (12%) in the CCAD group, and 132 (37%) in the CRSwNP NOS group. Septal inflammatory involvement and oblique middle turbinate orientation on CT scans was higher in both AERD patients and CCAD patients as compared to AFRS and CRSwNP NOS patients ( P < .05). Olfactory cleft opacification was increased in the AERD group compared to all other diagnoses ( P < .05). The CCAD group showed lower LM scores compared to all other groups ( P < .05), and the AFRS group revealed the greatest differences between left and right LM grades, representing unilaterality of disease ( P < .05). Conclusion CRSwNP encompasses many subsets of disease, which have varying treatments and intraoperative findings. Preoperative CT findings can be used to differentiate between these groups to improve prediction of diagnoses and patient counseling.
Achieving Better Educational Practices Through Research Evidence: A Critical Analysis and Case Illustration of Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Ross Steven M. , Morrison Jennifer R. 
Published: May 2020

Purpose: We examine considerations regarding the positive contributions of evidence accountability and challenges that frustrate educators in gaining access to the needed product information. Design/Approach/Methods: We review the research literature on the multiple characteristics of evidence relative to consumer (practitioner) interests. We then examine, through a “case illustration” of an initiative in a large school district, a second challenge for evidence usage—conducting viable studies and interpreting outcomes from comprehensive interventions in complex educational systems. Findings: Despite attention being given to rigorous evidence, consumers report preferring peer recommendations and local pilot studies as sources. In our case illustration, we found that the availability of evidence from comprehensive formative evaluation studies was viewed by stakeholders as positively contributing to program implementation quality and sustainability over time. Originality/Value: We use a real-world “case illustration” of a complex initiative in a large, diverse school district to illustrate how current policies and expectations regarding evidence support for educational programs is filtered through multiple agendas and personal needs of key stakeholders. Consequently, evaluators acquire nontraditional roles that go beyond routine execution of rigorous studies. Given these factors, we offer recommendations for fostering more meaningful and objective interpretations and usage of evidence by local stakeholders.
Inhibition of platelet phagocytosis as an in vitro predictor for therapeutic potential of RBC antibodies in murine ITP
Authors: Khan Ramsha , Menard Melissa , Jen Chao-Ching , Chen Xi , Norris Peter A. A. , Lazarus Alan H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Polyclonal anti-D is a first-line therapy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Monoclonal antibodies are desirable alternatives, but none have yet proven successful despite their ability to opsonize erythrocytes (or red blood cells, RBCs) and cause anemia. Here, we examined 12 murine erythrocyte–specific antibodies of different specificity and subtypes and found that 8 of these antibodies could induce anemia in antigen-positive mice. Of these 8 antibodies, only 5 ameliorated ITP. All antibodies were examined for their in vitro ability to support macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of erythrocytes. Antibodies which supported erythrocyte phagocytosis in vitro successfully ameliorated ITP in vivo. To examine the ability of each antibody to inhibit phagocytosis of platelets, the antibodies were used to sensitize erythrocytes in vitro and these were added to a platelet phagocytosis assay. Antibodies that inhibited platelet phagocytosis in vitro also all ameliorated ITP in vivo. We conclude that inducing anemia is not a sufficient condition for amelioration of ITP but that the antibody’s ability to prevent platelet phagocytosis in vitro predicted its ability to ameliorate ITP. We suggest that inhibition of in vitro platelet phagocytosis may prove to be a valuable tool for determining which erythrocyte antibodies would likely be candidates for clinical use in ITP.
Cold agglutinin disease revisited: a multinational, observational study of 232 patients
Authors: Berentsen Sigbjørn , Barcellini Wilma , D’Sa Shirley , Randen Ulla , Tvedt Tor Henrik Anderson , Fattizzo Bruno , Haukås Einar , Kell Megan , Brudevold Robert , Dahm Anders E. A. , Dalgaard Jakob , Frøen Hege , Hallstensen Randi Fykse , Jæger Pernille H. , Hjorth-Hansen Henrik , Małecka Agnieszka , Oksman Markku , Rolke Jürgen , Sekhar Mallika , Sørbø Jon Hjalmar , Tjønnfjord Eirik , Tsykunova Galina , Tjønnfjord Geir E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe retrospectively studied 232 patients with cold agglutinin disease (CAD) at 24 centers in 5 countries. In Norway and a northern region of Italy, the study was close to being population-based. For the first time, we demonstrate fourfold differences between cold and warmer climates regarding prevalence (20 vs 5 cases/million) and incidence (1.9 vs 0.48 cases/million per year). Mean baseline hemoglobin level was 9.3 g/dL, but 27% had hemoglobin &lt;8 g/dL. Identification of typical features of CAD-associated lymphoproliferative disorder in the bone marrow was greatly increased by centralized biopsy assessment. CAD seems to be associated with a slightly increased risk of venous thrombosis. This work includes a follow-up study of therapies, focusing on the long-term outcomes of the rituximab plus bendamustine and rituximab plus fludarabine regimens. Rituximab plus bendamustine therapy resulted in responses in 35 (78%) of 45 patients; 24 (53%) achieved complete response. Interestingly, these rates were still higher than observed in the original (2017) prospective trial, and we also found a shift toward deeper responses with time. This is explained by the prolonged time to response seen in many patients, probably related to long-lived plasma cells. In patients responding to rituximab-bendamustine, median response duration was not reached after 88 months, and estimated 5-year sustained remission was 77%. The regimen appeared safe regarding late-occurring malignancies. Rituximab plus fludarabine therapy seems to carry a higher risk of long-term adverse effects.
Safety and activity of varlilumab, a novel and first-in-class agonist anti-CD27 antibody, for hematologic malignancies
Authors: Ansell Stephen M. , Flinn Ian , Taylor Matthew H. , Sikic Branimir I. , Brody Joshua , Nemunaitis John , Feldman Andrew , Hawthorne Thomas R. , Rawls Tracey , Keler Tibor , Yellin Michael J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
CD27, a costimulatory molecule on T cells, induces intracellular signals mediating cellular activation, proliferation, effector function, and cell survival on binding to its ligand, CD70. Varlilumab, a novel, first-in-class, agonist immunoglobulin G1 anti-CD27 antibody, mediates antitumor immunity and direct killing of CD27+ tumor cells in animal models. This first-in-human, dose-escalation, and expansion study evaluated varlilumab in patients with hematologic malignancies. Primary objectives were to assess safety and the maximum tolerated and optimal biologic doses of varlilumab. Secondary objectives were to evaluate pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity, and antitumor activity. In a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design, 30 patients with B-cell (n = 25) or T-cell (n = 5) malignancies received varlilumab (0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg IV) as a single dose with a 28-day observation period, followed by weekly dosing (4 doses per cycle, up to 5 cycles, depending on tumor response). In an expansion cohort, 4 additional patients with Hodgkin lymphoma received varlilumab at 0.3 mg/kg every 3 weeks (4 doses per cycle, up to 5 cycles). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Treatment-related adverse events, generally grade 1 to 2, included fatigue, decreased appetite, anemia, diarrhea, and headache. Exposure was linear and dose-proportional across dose groups and resulted in increases in proinflammatory cytokines and soluble CD27. One patient with stage IV Hodgkin lymphoma experienced a complete response and remained in remission at &gt;33 months with no further anticancer therapy. These data support further investigation of varlilumab for hematologic malignancies, particularly in combination approaches targeting nonredundant immune regulating pathways. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01460134.
Artificial intelligence techniques in asthma: a systematic review and critical appraisal of the existing literature
Authors: Exarchos Konstantinos P. , Beltsiou Maria , Votti Chainti-Antonella , Kostikas Konstantinos 
Published: May 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) when coupled with large amounts of well characterised data can yield models that are expected to facilitate clinical practice and contribute to the delivery of better care, especially in chronic diseases such as asthma.The purpose of this paper is to review the utilisation of AI techniques in all aspects of asthma research,i.e.from asthma screening and diagnosis, to patient classification and the overall asthma management and treatment, in order to identify trends, draw conclusions and discover potential gaps in the literature.We conducted a systematic review of the literature using PubMed and DBLP from 1988 up to 2019, yielding 425 articles; after removing duplicate and irrelevant articles, 98 were further selected for detailed review.The resulting articles were organised in four categories, and subsequently compared based on a set of qualitative and quantitative factors. Overall, we observed an increasing adoption of AI techniques for asthma research, especially within the last decade.AI is a scientific field that is in the spotlight, especially the last decade. In asthma there are already numerous studies; however, there are certain unmet needs that need to be further elucidated.