bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cobalt and Molybdenum Carbide Nanoparticles Grafted on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes as Efficient Chemical Anchors and Polysulfide Conversion Catalysts for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhou Xiangyang , Li Liang , Yang Juan , Xu Lei , Tang Jingjing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe practical applications of lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries are mainly hindered by the shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides and the slow kinetics of polysulfide conversion. Herein, a multi‐component material with cobalt and molybdenum carbide nanoparticles grafted on bamboo‐like N‐doped carbon nanotubes (Co−Mo2C@NCNTs) is fabricated and applied to modify the separator to suppress polysulfide migration and to promote polysulfide conversion. The uniformly distributed Co and Mo2C nanoparticles act as both the adsorbent to capture the polysulfides with Co−S and Mo−S bonds by Lewis acid‐base interactions and the catalyst to further accelerate the reaction kinetics of polysulfide transformation. Consequently, the Li−S batteries with the Co−Mo2C@NCNTs‐coated separator deliver a high specific capacity of 1324 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and a capacity decay rate of 0.068 % per cycle at 1 C for 500 cycles. The results suggest the efficient chemical anchoring and catalysis of the multifunctional Co−Mo2C@NCNTs composite as a feasible method for future large‐scale applications of high‐performance Li−S batteries.
Oxidation kinetics of 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol to methacrylic acid in a fluidized bed reactor
Authors: Darabi Mahboub Mohammad Jaber , Jazayeri Seyed Mahdi , Chub Olga , Dubois Jean–Luc , Patience Gregory S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMethacrylic acid (MAA) is a specialty monomer for poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA). Partial oxidation of 2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol (2MDPO) to MAA is an alternative to commercial technology with fewer process steps, less cost and toxic feedstocks, and longer catalyst lifetime. Here, we evaluated the effect of 2MPDO and oxygen concentrations, reaction temperature, and contact time on product selectivity and 2MPDO conversion over VOCu0.5/Cs(NH4)2PMo12O40. Higher temperature increases selectivity and conversion; MAA selectivity reached 46% at 69% 2MPDO conversion. Higher 2MPDO to O2 ratio favours higher MAA selectivity due to methacrolein (intermediate) oxidation to MAA (a higher ratio favours consecutive oxidation) or lower combustion of MAA to COx. Shorter contact times decrease MAA selectivity. The Mars van Krevelen model characterizes the experimental data better than both the Langmuir‐Hinshelwood or Eley‐Rideal models; The reaction sequence involves both direct and indirect reactions in which 2MPDO reacts to methacrolein (MAC) as an intermediate and then it oxidizes to MAA (indirect) and/or 2MPDO directly oxidizes to MAA but the indirect reaction rate to MAA is 50 times faster than the direct reaction rate. The reaction is first order with respect 2MPDO and oxygen, and the rate‐limiting step is 2MPDO activation on oxidized sites.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks‐Based Fluorescent Nanocomposites for Bioimaging in Living Cells and in vivo†
Authors: Liu Meijia , Ren Xiangling , Meng Xianwei , Li Hongbo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) as a class of porous functional materials have attracted more and more attention for biomedical applications. To date, MOFs have been developed for bioimaging based on a series of advantages such as the large surface areas, high porosity, fluorescence functionalities and good biocompatibility. It is worth noting that organic or inorganic fluorescent materials such as fluorescent dyes, quantum dots, metal nanoclusters and nanosheets can combine MOFs or be encapsulated in MOFs to form fluorescent nanocomposites for excellent imaging function. Importantly, excellent imaging capabilities are of great significance in living cells and in vivo for detection, diagnosis and cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on the recent research of the bioimaging in living cells and in vivo based on various MOF‐based nanocomposites and their potential biological clinical applications.
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in interval debulking surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: A single‐center, real‐life experience
Authors: Ghirardi Valentina , Ronsini Carlo , Trozzi Rita , Di Ilio Chiara , Di Giorgio Andrea , Cianci Stefano , Draisci Gaetano , Scambia Giovanni , Fagotti Anna 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundAn improvement in survival without increasing perioperative morbidity in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after interval debulking surgery (IDS) has been recently demonstrated in a randomized controlled trial. This study was aimed at assessing the feasibility and perioperative outcomes of the use of HIPEC after IDS at a referral cancer center.MethodsOver the study period, 149 IDSs were performed. Patients who had at least International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III disease, with <2.5 mm of residual disease (RD) at the end of surgery and were not participating in clinical trials received HIPEC. Moreover, specific exclusion criteria were considered. These patients were compared with 51 patients with similar clinical characteristics at the same institution and within the same timeframe who did not receive HIPEC.ResultsNo differences in patient or disease characteristics with the exception of the type of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P = .002) were found between the 2 groups. As for surgical characteristics, significant differences were found in RD after IDS (P = .007) and in the duration of surgery (P < .001), whereas the bowel resection and diversion rates (P = .583 and P = .213, respectively) and the postoperative intensive care unit and hospital stays (P = .567 and P = .727, respectively) were comparable. The times to start adjuvant chemotherapy were also similar (P = .998). Equally, the rates of any grade of both intraoperative complications (P = .189) and early postoperative complications (P = .238) were superimposable.ConclusionsIn the authors' experience, the addition of HIPEC to IDS is feasible in 35% for the population. This value might increase with changes in the inclusion/exclusion criteria. HIPEC does not increase perioperative complications and does not affect a patient's recovery or time to start adjuvant chemotherapy. HIPEC should be offered to select patients listed for IDS.
Preference for luminance uniformity of refrigerator lighting
Authors: Jeong Kyeong Ah , You Chanyang , Suk Hyeon‐Jeong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe investigated minimally required uniformity of refrigerator lighting for comfortable use while maintaining the perceived lighting quality. Two experimental conditions were set depending on having or not having the storage items. In both conditions, 12 luminance uniformity levels were provided in a refrigerator. A total of 33 women participated and assessed the lighting stimuli to judge the perceptibility and acceptability of the presented uniformity levels. As a result, the stored items influenced both the perceptibility and acceptability of the luminance uniformity. To be specific, at least 71% luminance uniformity is recommended to be acceptable, and 80% luminance uniformity is recommended to be perceived as homogeneous for refrigerator lighting. The empirical result conforms to the uniformity guideline of 70% as the minimum, implying it as a minimally requested uniformity of spatial lighting to be considered in lighting design.
Social sustainability in the food value chain: An integrative approach beyond corporate social responsibility
Authors: Toussaint Mariana , Cabanelas Pablo , Blanco‐González Alicia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNowadays, social sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are becoming more relevant, however, a series of inconsistencies emerge from existent literature. Due to its complexity and sensitiveness, social sustainability is difficult to implement and measure, while social issues receive less attention in CSR operational plans in comparison to environmental factors. This study contributes to an under‐researched topic in the literature by providing a framework for developing CSR practices in the food value chains from a social perspective. Findings recommend different ways to measure social issues and identify communication and transparency as central elements to demonstrate a company's effort. This process requires the commitment of all actors, not only companies, but also stakeholders and governmental bodies involved in FVCs to ensure social sustainability. The academia has also a major role on standardizing how to measure it. Finally, this paper offers a series of practical recommendations to ensure good social practices along the FVC.
Physiological responses of rosewoods Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri under drought and heat stresses
Authors: Hung Tin Hang , Gooda Rosemary , Rizzuto Gabriele , So Thea , Thammavong Bansa , Tran Hoa Thi , Jalonen Riina , Boshier David H. , MacKay John J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri are classified as vulnerable and endangered, respectively, in the IUCN Red List and under continued threat from deforestation and illegal harvesting for rosewood. Despite emerging efforts to conserve and restore these species, little is known of their responses to drought and heat stress, which are expected to increase in the Greater Mekong Subregion where the species co‐occur and are endemic. In this study of isolated and combined drought and heat effects, we found that D. oliveri had an earlier stomatal closure and more constant midday water potential in response to increasing drought level, suggesting that D. oliveri is relatively isohydric while D. cochinchinensis is relatively anisohydric. Heat shock and drought had synergistic effects on stomatal closure. Our results indicate contrasting relationships in water relations, photosynthetic pigment levels, and total soluble sugars. An increase in chlorophyll a was observed in D. cochinchinensis during drought, and a concomitant increase in carotenoid content likely afforded protection against photo‐oxidation. These physiological changes correlated with higher total soluble sugars in D. cochinchinensis. By contrast, D. oliveri avoided drought by reducing chlorophyll content and compromising productivity. Anisohydry and drought tolerance in D. cochinchinensis are adaptations which fit well with its ecological niche as a pioneering species with faster growth in young trees. We believe this understanding of the stress responses of both species will be crucial to their effective regeneration and conservation in degraded habitats and in the face of climate change.
Resource competition shapes biological rhythms and promotes temporal niche differentiation in a community simulation
Authors: Gao Vance Difan , Morley‐Fletcher Sara , Maccari Stefania , Vitaterna Martha Hotz , Turek Fred W. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Competition for resources often contributes strongly to defining an organism's ecological niche. Endogenous biological rhythms are important adaptations to the temporal dimension of niches, but how other organisms influence such temporal niches has not been much studied, and the role of competition in particular has been even less examined. We investigated how interspecific competition and intraspecific competition for resources shape an organism's activity rhythms.

To do this, we simulated communities of one or two species in an agent‐based model. Individuals in the simulation move according to a circadian activity rhythm and compete for limited resources. Probability of reproduction is proportional to an individual's success in obtaining resources. Offspring may have variance in rhythm parameters, which allow for the population to evolve over time.

We demonstrate that when organisms are arrhythmic, one species will always be competitively excluded from the environment, but the existence of activity rhythms allows niche differentiation and indefinite coexistence of the two species. Two species which are initially active at the same phase will differentiate their phase angle of entrainment over time to avoid each other. When only one species is present in an environment, competition within the species strongly selects for niche expansion through arrhythmicity, but the addition of an interspecific competitor facilitates evolution of increased rhythmic amplitude when combined with additional adaptations for temporal specialization. Finally, if individuals preferentially mate with others who are active at similar times of day, then disruptive selection by intraspecific competition can split one population into two reproductively isolated groups separated in activity time.

These simulations suggest that biological rhythms are an effective method to temporally differentiate ecological niches and that competition is an important ecological pressure promoting the evolution of rhythms and sleep. This is the first study to use ecological modeling to examine biological rhythms.
Evidence for Elton's diversity–invasibility hypothesis from belowground
Authors: Zhang Zhijie , Liu Yanjie , Brunel Caroline , van Kleunen Mark 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSixty year ago, Charles Elton posed that species‐rich communities should be more resistant to biological invasion. Still, little is known about which processes could drive the diversity–invasibility relationship. Here we examined whether soil‐microbe‐mediated apparent competition on alien invaders is more negative when the soil originates from multiple native species. We trained soils with five individually grown native species and used amplicon sequencing to analyze the resulting bacterial and fungal soil communities. We mixed the soils to create trained soils from one, two or four native species. We then grew four alien species separately on these differently trained soils. In the soil‐conditioning phase, the five native species built species‐specific bacterial and fungal communities in their rhizospheres. In the test phase, it did not matter for biomass of alien plants whether the soil had been trained by one or two native species. However, the alien species achieved 11.7% (95% CI: 3.7–20.1%) less aboveground biomass when grown on soils trained by four native species than on soils trained by two native species. Our results revealed soil‐microbes‐mediated apparent competition as a mechanism underlying the negative relationship between diversity and invasibility.
Development of Polymer Modified Electrochemical Sensor for the Determination of Alizarin Carmine in the Presence of Tartrazine
Authors: Pushpanjali Pemmatte A. , Manjunatha Jamballi G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe textile dye Alizarin Carmine (AC) was electrochemically investigated at poly(Glycine) modified carbon nanotube paste electrode (PGMCNTPE) using cyclic voltammetry technique. AC was electrochemically oxidized at 0.782 V with peak height 26.96 μA and it was simultaneously detected with Tartrazine at PGMCNTPE. The surface characteristics of the bare carbon nanotube paste electrode and the PGMCNTPE were studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy images. The limit of detection, and limit of quantification were evaluated to be 9.81×10−7 M and 3.2×10−6 M, respectively. This proposed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of AC in sewage water.
Sustainability of Ageratum conyzoides (billy goat weed) for bioethanol and recycling of residues for gaseous fuel production
Authors: Pandey Shivam , Kumar Vinod , Vlaskin Mikhail S. , Nanda Manisha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAgeratum conyzoides, an herb found throughout the year, is generally considered as a weed: it causes reduction in soil productivity and leads to health hazards for cattle and humans. However, its biomass can easily represent a cost‐effective source, which can be used for lignocellulosic biofuel production. The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol has drawn much attention in recent times due to abundance of biomass. In the present study, the cellulose and hemicellulose biomass of the leaf and stem of A. conyzoides was converted to sugars using acid hydrolysis.146.01 ± 02 mg/g of fermentable sugar was obtained from A. conyzoides. The maximum ethanol concentration 11.89 g/L was obtained after 7 days. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the surface morphology after acid hydrolysis of biomass. In the current study, the residues of acid hydrolysis and fermented wastewater was used for biogas production through anaerobic digestion. The yield of biogas from the residues of acid hydrolysis and fermented wastewater was 204 L kg−1VS. The results obtained indicate that A. conyzoides may be considered as a promising feedstock for bioethanol and biogas production.
Combining yield potential and drought resilience in a spring wheat diversity panel
Authors: Griffiths Cara A. , Reynolds Matthew P. , Paul Matthew J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPressures of population growth and climate change require the development of resilient higher yielding crops, particularly to drought. A spring wheat diversity panel was developed to combine high‐yield potential with resilience. To assess performance under drought, which in many environments is intermittent and dependent on plant development, 150 lines were grown with drought imposed for 10 days either at jointing or at anthesis stages in Obregon, Mexico. Both drought treatments strongly reduced grain numbers compared with the fully irrigated check. Best performers under drought at jointing had more grain than poor performers, while best performers under drought at anthesis had larger grain than poor performers. Most high‐yielding lines were high yielding in one drought environment only. However, some of the best‐performing lines displayed yield potential and resilience across two environments (28 lines), particularly for yield under well‐watered and drought at jointing, where yield was most related to grain numbers. Strikingly, only three lines were high yielding across all three environments, and interestingly, these lines had high grain numbers. Among parameters measured in leaves and grain, leaf relative water content did not correlate with yield, and proline was negatively correlated with yield; there were small but significant relationships between leaf sugars and yield. This study provides a valuable resource for further crosses and for elucidating genes and mechanisms that may contribute to grain number and grain filling conservation to combine yield potential and drought resilience.
An exact Riemann solver for one‐dimensional multimaterial elastic‐plastic flows with Mie‐Grüneisen equation of state without vacuum
Authors: Liu Li , Cheng Jun‐Bo , Shen Yongxing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this article, we present exact Riemann solvers for the Riemann problem and the half Riemann problem, respectively, for one‐dimensional multimaterial elastic‐plastic flows with the Mie‐Grüneisen equation of state (EOS), hypoelastic constitutive model, and the von Mises' yielding condition. We first analyze the Jacobian matrices in the elastic and plastic states, and then build the relations of different variables across different type of waves. Based on these formulations, an exact Riemann solver is constructed with totally 36 possible cases of wave structures. A large number of tests prove the rightness of the new exact Riemann solver. Moreover, an exact Riemann solver is also deduced for the half Riemann problem and its validity is tested by two examples.
Review of novel human β‐coronavirus (2019‐nCoV or SARS‐CoV‐2) from the food industry perspective—Appropriate approaches to food production technology
Authors: Goli Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCoronaviruses, enveloped nonsegmented positive‐sense RNA viruses, can affect the respiratory and digestive systems of humans and a variety of birds and mammals. The primary target cells of coronaviruses compromise the respiratory and gastrointestinal region epithelial cells due to their cell features and delivery through fomites, airborne, or fecal–oral routes. Some functional food sources due to having crucial chemical compounds may help individuals to overcome this infection by modulating the body's immune system, generating antiviral activity against the infection, and reducing other respiratory problems. The purpose of this study was to review these coronaviruses, especially SARS (because of its very similar gene sequence to the 2019‐nCoV or SARS‐CoV‐2), from the perspective of appropriate approaches to food production technology, including following good food safety practices in food production lines; avoidance of underheating in the processing of swine and the other meat products; uncertainty about the safety of frozen or refrigerated meat products; providing unfavorable environmental conditions for coronavirus survival (minimum heat treatment, e.g., low‐temperature long time and greater for liquid food products, pH ≤ 3, minimum storage relative humidity); production of industrial foods fortified and enriched with vitamin D, C, B3, K, amino acid L‐tryptophan, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and tannins; and preventing the production of industrial foods fortified or enriched with mineral supplements that participate in the Fenton reaction in the human body. Considering these aspects during times and places of coronavirus, prevalence will be essential for preventing further outbreaks at the community level.
Positive and negative experiences of caregiving in dementia: The role of sense of coherence
Authors: Gonçalves‐Pereira Manuel , Zarit Steven H. , Papoila Ana L. , Mateos Raimundo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesSense of coherence (SOC) is increasingly recognized as an important health determinant, particularly for mental health. Part of the evidence comes from informal caregivers in diverse clinical conditions. The extent to which SOC influences caregiving outcomes, however, is relatively under‐researched in dementia, particularly regarding positive experiences. We analysed the association of SOC with dementia caregivers' subjective burden, psychological distress and positive aspects of care.Methods/DesignThis is a secondary analysis of cross‐sectional data from the Lisbon study of Families of Persons with Dementia, involving a convenience sample of 99 primary caregivers of community‐dwelling patients of neurology and psychiatry services. SOC was assessed with the Orientation for Life Scale. Measures of caregivers' outcomes were: the Zarit Burden Interview, the General Health Questionnaire for psychological distress and the Positive Aspects of Caregiving scale. Analyses controlled for demographics, caregiving arrangements, objective burden, social support, patients' neuropsychiatric symptoms and dementia stage.ResultsLower SOC was associated with higher psychological distress (p = 0.001). No significant associations were found for subjective burden (p = 0.081) or positive aspects of caregiving (p = 0.688). Additional analyses showed that lower SOC was associated with less emotional support (p < 0.001) and past psychiatric illness (p = 0.044).ConclusionsThese findings support previous research suggesting that SOC is protective for psychological distress, and extend evidence to the positive aspects of care in dementia. The cross‐sectional design and small‐scale convenience sampling preclude both causality presumptions and generalizability. SOC assessments may be useful to define subgroups of dementia caregivers at risk for anxiety and depression.