bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effects of MSU crystals injection and high fat-diet feeding on the establishment of a gout model in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Lin Xiaoying , Shao Tiejuan , Wen Xianghui , Wang Mingzhu , Wen Chengping , He Zhixing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective
Gout is characterized by inflammatory arthritis with hyperuricaemia and deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints. Several animal models have been proposed based on MSU crystals injection or high-fat diet feeding; however, neither hyperuricaemia model nor acute gout model can effectively reflect clinical features of gout. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a compound gout model induced by the combination of MSU crystals injection and high-fat diet feeding.

Methods
The compound gout model was induced by high-fat diet feeding per day and the intraplantar injection of MSU crystals (1 mg) into the footpad of each mouse every 10 days. Serum uric acid, foot swelling and pain analyses were performed at days 22, 32 and 42. Gout inflammation, serum proinflammatory cytokines and gut microbiota analyses were performed only at day 42.

Results
Compared to hyperuricaemia model or acute gout model, the compound gout model showed little advantages of elevating serum uric acid, causing foot swelling and gout inflammation, while it caused more severe serum inflammation and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Severe serum inflammation in the compound gout model could be reflected by the increased levels of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IFN-γ, KC, MCP-1 and MIP-1β. In addition, the compound gout model induced more alterations in the gut microbiota, including increasing levels of Desulfovibrio and Parasutterella.

Conclusion
The injection of MSU and feed of high-fat diet have a combined effect on elevating serum inflammation and causing gut microbiota disorders in the process of establishing a gout model.
An asymptotic model for solving mixed integral equation in some domains
Authors: Abdou Mohamed Abdella , Awad Hamed Kamal 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss the solution of mixed integral equation with generalized potential function in position and the kernel of Volterra integral term in time. The solution will be discussed in the space$$L_{2} (\Omega ) \times C[0,T],$$L2(Ω)×C[0,T],$$0 \le t \le T < 1$$0≤t≤T<1, where$$\Omega$$Ωis the domain of position and$$t$$tis the time. The mixed integral equation is established from the axisymmetric problems in the theory of elasticity. Many special cases when kernel takes the potential function, Carleman function, the elliptic function and logarithmic function will be established.
Incidentally recognized COVID-19 pneumonia in routine oncologic 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations: a local experience during pandemic era
Authors: Ali Susan Adil , Abdelkawi Moustafa Mahmoud 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
CT chest findings of COVID-19 pneumonia can be detected before the clinical symptoms become evident in many cases. In this work, we presented our experience in incidental detection of COVID-19-associated pneumonia in asymptomatic patients coming for routine oncologic 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations during the COVID-19 pandemic, which contribute in the detection of the affected patients early to be isolated and properly managed. We reported the cases with incidental finding of COVID-19 pneumonia among 764 asymptomatic patients who were referred for whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations for routine oncologic indications in the period between 15 March and 15 June 2020, and RT-PCR testing for them was requested for confirmation.

Results
Among the 764 scanned patients, we had recognized 87 patients (11.3%) having features of COVID-19 pneumonia. RT-PCR testing of them confirmed COVID-19 infection in 78 cases, yet 3 were negative and no RT-PCR testing was performed in 6 cases (only isolated and carefully monitored).

Conclusion
18F-FDG PET/CT is sensitive for early COVID-19 detection, even in asymptomatic patients that guide proper management and also highlight the key role of a radiologist and the importance of applying safety measures in clinical services during the pandemic to minimize the spread of infection.
Ultrasonography diagnostic validity in structural and functional laryngeal disorders
Authors: Nasser Haytham Mohamed , Askoura Anas , Hussein Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The diagnostic approach for patients with laryngeal lesions differs among otolaryngologists. Indirect laryngoscopy, flexible fibrooptic laryngoscopy, CT, and MRI are all modalities used for diagnosis. Ultrasonography is noninvasive, non-irradiating, and safe. The availability, affordability, and usability of portable ultrasound units have undergone dramatic improvements. It is well tolerated by patients, dynamic technique that can be performed easily in phonation, quickly performed, and allows for photo-documentation. Our objective is to evaluate the laryngeal ultrasound as a diagnostic tool to evaluate different laryngeal structure as regard laryngeal dynamics (range and abnormality), and anatomic structures. This prospective study was carried out on individuals in “blinded for peer review” hospitals. They were divided into group I (healthy volunteers), group II (unilateral vocal fold paralysis), and group III (patients underwent vertical hemilaryngectomies). All patients were subjected to full history taking, detailed head and neck examination, and fibrooptic nasopharyngolaryngoscopy then all patients underwent laryngeal sonographic examination. The photos were analyzed to identify various laryngeal structures and to measure glottic areas and inter-arytenoid distances.

Results
After recognition of laryngeal anatomic details and different measurements, we found that the percent of change in length and area were much less in group III than group I or II. Another important finding is that glottic area during respiration is related significantly to interarytenoid length during respiration with a statistically significant regression coefficient.

Conclusion
Laryngeal ultrasound is a valid diagnostic tool for imaging laryngeal structures and measuring various distances and areas inside the larynx. It is recommended to consider ultrasonography as a reliable imaging modality, and at least a useful adjunct to endoscopy when identification of airway patency, vocal fold mobility, or structural alterations is suspected. To our best knowledge, this study may contain a hitherto undescribed correlation between inter-arytenoid length and glottic area.
Unintended consequences: a qualitative study exploring the impact of collecting implementation process data with phone interviews on implementation activities
Authors: Gruß Inga , Bunce Arwen , Davis James , Gold Rachel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundQualitative data are crucial for capturing implementation processes, and thus necessary for understanding implementation trial outcomes. Typical methods for capturing such data include observations, focus groups, and interviews. Yet little consideration has been given to how such methods create interactions between researchers and study participants, which may affect participants’ engagement, and thus implementation activities and study outcomes. In the context of a clinical trial, we assessed whether and how ongoing telephone check-ins to collect data about implementation activities impacted the quality of collected data, and participants’ engagement in study activities.MethodsResearchers conducted regular phone check-ins with clinic staff serving as implementers in an implementation study. Approximately 1 year into this trial, 19 of these study implementers were queried about the impact of these calls on study engagement and implementation activities. The two researchers who collected implementation process data through phone check-ins with the study implementers were also interviewed about their perceptions of the impact of the check-ins.ResultsStudy implementers’ assessment of the check-ins’ impact fell into three categories: (1) the check-ins had no effect on implementation activities, (2) the check-ins served as a reminder about study participation (without relating a clear impact on implementation activities), and (3) the check-ins caused changes in implementation activities. The researchers similarly perceived that the phone check-ins served as reminders and encouraged some implementers’ engagement in implementation activities; their ongoing nature also created personal connections with study implementers that may have impacted implementation activities. Among some study implementers, anticipation of the check-in calls also improved their ability to recount implementation activities and positively affected quality of the data collected.ConclusionThese results illustrate the potential impact of qualitative data collection on implementation activities during implementation science trials. Mitigating such effects may prove challenging, but acknowledging these consequences—or even embracing them, perhaps by designing data collection methods as implementation strategies—could enhance scientific rigor. This work is presented to stimulate debate about the complexities involved in capturing data on implementation processes using common qualitative data collection methods.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov,NCT02325531. Registered 15 December 2014.
The role of serum bile acid profile in differentiation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic viral hepatitis
Authors: Elsheashaey Azza , Obada Manar , Abdelsameea Eman , Bayomy Mohamed F. F. , El-Said Hala 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Bile acids are essential organic molecules synthesized from cholesterol in the liver. They have been utilized as indicators of hepatobiliary impairment because synthesis of BAs and their metabolism are influenced by liver diseases. We aimed to investigate the role of serum bile acid level and composition in differentiation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic viral hepatitis. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry assay was used to measure the serum level of 14 bile acids in chronic viral hepatitis and NAFLD patients beside normal healthy control subjects.

Results
The mean serum levels of 11 out of the 14 bile acids (two primary, six conjugated, and three secondary) were significantly higher in viral hepatitis compared to control. Only 4 bile acids [2 primary, one glycine conjugated (GCDCA), and one secondary (LCA)] had statistically significant increase in their mean serum bile acid level in NAFLD compared to control. Comparing viral hepatitis group against NAFLD group revealed that the mean serum levels of five conjugated and one secondary bile acid (DCA) were significantly higher in viral hepatitis group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that LCA had the best diagnostic performance for viral hepatitis followed by TCA and GCDCA. ROC curve for the combined three parameters had better sensitivity and specificity (70.55% and 94.87% respectively).

Conclusion
BA compositions including primary, secondary, and conjugated ones could differentiate between chronic viral hepatitis and NAFLD patients, and they might be potential distinguishing biomarkers for this purpose.
Effect of ice massage with integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique on pain and function in subjects with mechanical neck pain: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Al-Najjar Heba Mohammed Moselhy , Mohammed Amal Hassan , Mosaad Dalia Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Myofascial trigger point (MTrP) plays a major role in the genesis of mechanical neck pain, which may lead to chronic disorders. The purpose of the study is to investigate and compare the effect of ice massage plus integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique (INIT) versus INIT alone on active trigger points in the upper trapezius of persons having mechanical neck pain. Forty participants diagnosed as mechanical neck pain with upper trapezius active myofascial trigger points. They were randomized into two equal groups. Group A (experimental) received ice massage for 10 min plus INIT, while group B (control) received INIT alone. The treatment program continued for 2 weeks (3 sessions/week). The outcome measures are the pain intensity, pain pressure threshold, cervical lateral side bending and neck daily functions.

Results
The results showed that there were significant improvements in VAS at p = .899 and F = .78, PPT at p = .288 and F = .553, cervical side bending at p = .094 and F < 0.00001, and NDI at p = .164 and F = 0.00001 in both groups, while there were no statistically significant differences between both groups as p > 0.05.

Conclusion
Ice massage and INIT are effective methods in managing active trigger points in the upper trapezius of persons having mechanical neck pain without statistically significant difference.
Mental distress and its association with sociodemographic and economic characteristics: community-based household survey in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Reuter Anna , Vollmer Sebastian , Aiyub A. , Susanti Suryane Sulistiana , Marthoenis M. 
Published: November 2020

Background
The role of sociodemographic and economic characteristics in mental distress has been rarely investigated in Indonesia.

Aims
To investigate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and identify any associations between mental distress and sociodemographic and economic characteristics among communities living in urban and rural (peri-urban) areas.

Method
A community-based household survey was conducted in the province of Aceh, Indonesia, in 2018. The 20-item Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) screening tool was used to measure symptoms of CMD. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, family functioning, labour market outcomes and healthcare costs was collected. Multivariate regressions were conducted to analyse the relationships between the measures of mental distress and sociodemographic and economic characteristics.

Results
We found that 14% of the respondents had CMD symptoms. SRQ-20 scores were higher for female, older and lower-educated individuals. CMD prevalence was higher among non-married participants and clustered within families. Participants with CMD perceive their families as performing significantly better in the dimensions of affective involvement and behaviour control compared with their counterparts. Their work was more often affected by negative feelings; they were also twice as likely to report a recent physical or mental health complaint and faced twice the treatment costs compared with their non-affected counterparts.

Conclusions
The prevalence of mental disorders is especially high in disadvantaged population groups. Moreover, mental distress is associated with a lower perceived productivity and a higher physical health burden.
Breakthrough Cancer Pain Clinical Features and Differential Opioids Response: A Machine Learning Approach in Patients With Cancer From the IOPS-MS Study
Authors: Pantano Francesco , Manca Paolo , Armento Grazia , Zeppola Tea , Onorato Angelo , Iuliani Michele , Simonetti Sonia , Vincenzi Bruno , Santini Daniele , Mercadante Sebastiano , Marchetti Paolo , Cuomo Arturo , Caraceni Augusto , Mediati Rocco Domenico , Vellucci Renato , Mammucari Massimo , Natoli Silvia , Lazzari Marzia , Dauri Mario , Adile Claudio , Airoldi Mario , Azzarello Giuseppe , Blasi Livio , Chiurazzi Bruno , Degiovanni Daniela , Fusco Flavio , Guardamagna Vittorio , Liguori Simeone , Palermo Loredana , Mameli Sergio , Masedu Francesco , Mazzei Teresita , Melotti Rita Maria , Menardo Valentino , Miotti Danilo , Moroso Stefano , Pascoletti Gaetano , De Santis Stefano , Orsetti Remo , Papa Alfonso , Ricci Sergio , Scelzi Elvira , Sofia Michele , Aielli Federica , Valle Alessandro , Tonini Giuseppe 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSEA large proportion of patients with cancer suffer from breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP). Several unmet clinical needs concerning BTcP treatment, such as optimal opioid dosages, are being investigated. In this analysis the hypothesis, we explore with an unsupervised learning algorithm whether distinct subtypes of BTcP exist and whether they can provide new insights into clinical practice.METHODSPartitioning around a k-medoids algorithm on a large data set of patients with BTcP, previously collected by the Italian Oncologic Pain Survey group, was used to identify possible subgroups of BTcP. Resulting clusters were analyzed in terms of BTcP therapy satisfaction, clinical features, and use of basal pain and rapid-onset opioids. Opioid dosages were converted to a unique scale and the BTcP opioids-to-basal pain opioids ratio was calculated for each patient. We used polynomial logistic regression to catch nonlinear relationships between therapy satisfaction and opioid use.RESULTSOur algorithm identified 12 distinct BTcP clusters. Optimal BTcP opioids-to-basal pain opioids ratios differed across the clusters, ranging from 15% to 50%. The majority of clusters were linked to a peculiar association of certain drugs with therapy satisfaction or dissatisfaction. A free online tool was created for new patients’ cluster computation to validate these clusters in future studies and provide handy indications for personalized BTcP therapy.CONCLUSIONThis work proposes a classification for BTcP and identifies subgroups of patients with unique efficacy of different pain medications. This work supports the theory that the optimal dose of BTcP opioids depends on the dose of basal opioids and identifies novel values that are possibly useful for future trials. These results will allow us to target BTcP therapy on the basis of patient characteristics and to define a precision medicine strategy also for supportive care.
Neurodevelopmental performance among pre-schoolers treated for severe anaemia at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Ssemata Andrew S. , Opoka Robert O. , Ssenkusu John M. , Nakasujja Noeline , John Chandy C. , Bangirana Paul 
Published: November 2020

Background
Severe anaemia is a common clinical problem among young children in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the effect of severe anaemia on neurodevelopment of these children is not well described. Therefore, we assessed the neurodevelopmental performance of preschool children diagnosed with severe anaemia in Northern Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study among children < 5 years of age 14 days post discharge after an episode of severe anaemia (Hb < 5.0 g/dl; n = 171; mean Hb = 3.9g/dl) at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda. Neurodevelopmental outcomes (cognitive, language and motor) were assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition (Bayley-III). Age-adjusted z-scores for each domain were calculated using scores from healthy community control children (n = 88) recruited from the same environment for each age category. Multiple linear regression was used to compare z-scores in the cognitive, language and motor scales between the two groups after adjusting for weight-for-age z-score, socioeconomic status, mother’s education, and father’s employment on all the scales.

Results
The prevalence of neurodevelopmental impairment was 2.3% (95% CI: 0.8–6.1) for cognition, 1.7% (95%: 0.6–5.3) for language and 3.5% (95% CI: 1.6–7.6) for motor scales and 4.6% (95% CI: 2.3–9.1) for deficits in ≥1 area of neurodevelopment. Significant differences were observed between the two groups with the SA group performing worse on cognition [adjusted mean score, (Standard error, SE), P-value] [-0.20, (0.01) vs. 0.00, (0.01), P = 0.02]; language [-0.25, (0.01) vs. 0.00, (0.01), P< 0.001]; and motor [-0.17, (0.01) vs. 0.00, (0.01), P = 0.05] scales.

Conclusion
In children < 5 years of age, severe anaemia was associated with neurocognitive (cognition, language and motor) deficits in the immediate period post treatment. Further research is needed to identify risk factors and determine the long-term effects of poor neurodevelopment in young children with severe anaemia.
Missfire: O Tsunami Digital e o Pânico das Humanidades
Authors: Namora Ricardo 
Published: November 2020

Recensão de Teresa Numerico, Domenico Fiormonte e Francesca Tomasi, L’Umanista Digitale. S. E. Il Mulino, Itenerari-Scienze Umanistiche, Bologna, 2010. ISBN 978-88-15-13425-7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-1_15
O Elástico da Lira ou Outros Lirismos nas Obras de Fernando Aguiar e de Manuel Portela
Authors: Athayde Manaíra Aires 
Published: November 2020

Recensão das exposições de Fernando Aguiar, Ex.Po / Po.Ex 1982-2012, de 07 a 28 de junho de 2013, e Manuel Portela, escreler: 1988-2013, de 13 de setembro a 11 de outubro de 2013, integradas no Ciclo «Nas Escritas PO.EX», Casa da Escrita, Coimbra, Portugal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_1-2_16
Análisis del espacio en los entornos virtuales de formación
Authors: García Del Dujo Ángel 
Published: November 2020

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el carácter espacial de los entornos virtuales, es decir, ver si en los entornos virtuales está o no presente el sentido, sensación, noción de espacio; en caso positivo, se pretende, en segundo lugar, reconstruir las formas como se genera esa noción y los sentidos que adquiere en distintos entornos, es decir, identificar los mecanismos que se utilizan para generar esa noción espacial y las transformaciones conceptuales que en ese proceso se producen. Een base a los resultados obtenidos se propone una interpretación pedagógica de los procesos formativos mediados tecnológicamente.ABSTRACT: The objective of this article is to analyse the spatial character of the virtual environments, that is to say, to see whether in the virtual environments the sense, the sensation, the notion of space is present or not; in this case, it aims, secondly, to rebuild the ways this notion is generated and the senses it acquires in the different environments, that is to say, to identify the mechanisms used to generate this spatial notion and the conceptual transformations produced in this process. Bbased on the obtained results it is proposed a pedagogic interpretation of technologically mediated formative processes.SOMMAIRE: L’objectif de cet article est analyser le caractère spatial des environnements virtuels, c’est à dire, voir si dans les environnements virtuels il est présent ou pas le sens, la sensation, la notion d’espace; dans le cas positif, il prétend, dans un deuxième lieu, reconstruire les formes comment ce notion est générée ainsi que les sens qu’elle acquiert dans les différents environnements, c’est à dire, identifier les mécanismes utilisés pour générer ce notion spatial et les transformations conceptuelles produites dans ce processus. Sur la base des résultats obtenus on propose une interprétation pédagogique des processus formatifs technologiquement entremis.