bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating dual Ca2+ modulation of the ryanodine receptor 1 by molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Zheng Wenjun , Wen Han 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe ryanodine receptors (RyR) are essential to calcium signaling in striated muscles. A deep understanding of the complex Ca2+‐activation/inhibition mechanism of RyRs requires detailed structural and dynamic information for RyRs in different functional states (eg, with Ca2+ bound to activating or inhibitory sites). Recently, high‐resolution structures of the RyR isoform 1 (RyR1) were solved by cryo‐electron microscopy, revealing the location of a Ca2+ binding site for activation. Toward elucidating the Ca2+‐modulation mechanism of RyR1, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulation of the core RyR1 structure in the presence and absence of activating and solvent Ca2+ (total simulation time is >5 μs). In the presence of solvent Ca2+, Ca2+ binding to the activating site enhanced dynamics of RyR1 with higher inter‐subunit flexibility, asymmetric inter‐subunit motions, outward domain motions and partial pore dilation, which may prime RyR1 for subsequent channel opening. In contrast, the solvent Ca2+ alone reduced dynamics of RyR1 and led to inward domain motions and pore contraction, which may cause inhibition. Combining our simulation with the map of disease mutation sites in RyR1, we constructed a wiring diagram of key domains coupled via specific hydrogen bonds involving the mutation sites, some of which were modulated by Ca2+ binding. The structural and dynamic information gained from this study will inform future mutational and functional studies of RyR1 activation and inhibition by Ca2+.
Bounding the Classical Capacity of Multilevel Damping Quantum Channels
Authors: Macchiavello Chiara , Sacchi Massimiliano F. , Sacchi Tito 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA recent method to detect lower bonds to the classical capacity of quantum communication channels is applied for general damping channels in finite dimension . The method compares the mutual information obtained by coding on the computational basis and on a Fourier basis, which can be obtained by just two local measurement settings and classical optimization. The results for large representative classes of different damping structures for high dimensional quantum systems are presented.
Massive atelectasis by mucoid impaction in an asthma patient during treatment with anti‐interleukin‐5 receptor antibody
Authors: Takimoto Takayuki , Kagawa Tomoko , Tachibana Kazunobu , Arai Toru , Inoue Yoshikazu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBenralizumab is an interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) receptor α‐directed cytolytic monoclonal antibody that reduces rapid and nearly complete depletion of eosinophils by enhancing antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. The depletion of eosinophilic inflammation is expected to reduce mucus hypersecretion and mucoid impaction. A 75‐year‐old non‐smoking female had been treated for uncontrolled bronchial asthma with multiple drugs. Treatment with benralizumab was initiated after the asthma attack; however, four months later, she developed massive atelectasis in the left lung leading to the tracheal deviation, to the extent that nasal high‐flow therapy was required. The laboratory data showed elevated neutrophil count, whereas blood eosinophils were almost completely depleted. The thick mucus was removed by bronchofiberscopy and the atelectasis was completely resolved. No exacerbation has been observed for nine months after discontinuation of benralizumab and initiation of erythromycin. This is the first documented case that developed atelectasis by mucoid impaction during treatment with anti‐IL‐5 receptor antibody.
Tuberculosis‐associated chylothorax revealing an enlarged lymphatic duct due to tuberculosis lymphadenitis
Authors: Honda Kojiro , Saraya Takeshi , Miyaoka Chika , Suda Kazuharu , Fujiwara Masachika , Ishii Haruyuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA 77‐year‐old woman presented to our hospital with complaints of persistent cough and low‐grade fever for two months. On radiological analysis, she had moderate right‐sided pleural effusion with right hilar and subcarinal lymphadenopathies. Thoracentesis showed chylothorax of unknown cause. Bronchoscopy revealed a non‐specific inflammatory process. However, thoracoscopic surgery demonstrated a curiously enlarged lymphatic duct with its proximal portion compressed by subcarinal lymphadenopathies, pathologically diagnosed as granulomatous lymphadenitis. Hence, tuberculous lymphadenitis was proven to be the cause of chylothorax. Interestingly, cauterization of the lymphatic duct decreased the total amount of right‐sided pleural effusion along with a change in colour from milky yellow to red. These were in favour of tuberculosis (TB)‐associated chylothorax with the advent of the TB pleuritis. All symptoms and pleural effusion disappeared after the initiation of anti‐tuberculous drugs. The present case showed definite evidence of TB‐associated chylothorax development mechanism via compression of the lymphatic duct by mediastinal lymphadenopathies.
The challenges and countermeasures of blockchain in finance and economics
Authors: Zhang Li , Xie Yongping , Zheng Yang , Xue Wei , Zheng Xianrong , Xu Xiaobo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs a new technology, blockchain can be used to analyse and process the data through the effective integration of financial resources. New financial formats or service models are produced to upgrade the financial system and promote the efficiency and quality of financial operations and service from three layers (data, rules, and application) based on customers' needs. The blockchain technology can help the financial industry to automatically and accurately identify customer credit conditions, restructure the financial market credit system, and improve the efficiency of cross‐border payment. Meanwhile, it also posed a challenge for the financial industries' development. In this paper, we systematically analysed the blockchain technology and its application in the financial and economic field and the status quo and the challenges. Finally, we provided constructive suggestions to facilitate the blockchain technology development in the financial and economic field.
Comparing Effectiveness of HRV-Biofeedback and Mindfulness for Workplace Stress Reduction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Brinkmann Amelie Edith , Press Sophia Antonia , Helmert Eduard , Hautzinger Martin , Khazan Inna , Vagedes Jan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPsychophysiological disorders due to work-related stress continue to be highly costly for health systems and approaches for cost-effective and easily accessible interventions are much needed. Both heart rate variability-biofeedback (HRV-Bfb) and mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been empirically shown to reduce stress. This study compares these two interventions in the work context to a wait-list-control-group (WLC). In this three-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT), 69 healthy adults employed in the same organization were randomized to participate in HRV-Bfb, MBI or the WLC. Participants were assessed for psychophysiological parameters of stress (stress perception, coping, HRV parameters and cortisol) and stress related symptoms (depressive symptoms, psychological wellbeing, mindfulness and self-compassion). Participants trained using either HRV-Bfb or MBI for 6 weeks on a daily basis. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, after the intervention and at follow-up 12 weeks later. Results did not show any statistically significant differences between HRV-Bfb and MBI groups, and neither of the intervention groups (IGs) differed from the WLC. Findings suggest an overall reduction in stress for all groups, including the WLC, with mostly small to medium effect sizes. However, it is important to note that participants with higher baseline stress levels might benefit more from mindfulness and biofeedback-based stress reduction interventions. The results have to be interpreted with caution due to the relatively small sample size. MBI might have a slightly stronger effect on stress reduction in comparison to HRV-Bfb, as suggested by the effect sizes. This study highlights issues and challenges of the implementation of such interventions in corporate health management.
Long-term monitoring of the seasonal density of questing ixodid ticks in Vienna (Austria): setup and first results
Authors: Vogelgesang Janna R. , Walter Melanie , Kahl Olaf , Rubel Franz , Brugger Katharina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe first long-term monitoring to document both activity and density of questing ixodid ticks in Vienna, Austria, is introduced. It was started in 2017 and is planned to run over decades. Such long-term monitorings are needed to quantify possible effects of climate change or to develop tick density forecast models. The monthly questing tick density at three sites has been observed by using a standardized sampling method by dragging an area of $$100\,\hbox {m}^2$$

100

m
2

at each occasion. Popular recreational areas were chosen as study sites. These are the Prater public park, the wooded Kahlenberg, and a wildlife garden in Klosterneuburg. First results show a 3-year time series of nymphs and adults of the Ixodes ricinus species complex and Haemaphysalis concinna for the period 2017–2019. Whereas questing nymphs of the I. ricinus species complex were collected from February to November, H. concinna nymphs were only dragged from May to October. The peak of nymphal activity of the I. ricinus species complex was in May, that of H. concinna in August. In addition, a brief overview is given about ticks and tick-borne pathogens occurring in urban and suburban areas of Vienna.
Highly accurate numerical solution of Hartree–Fock equation with pseudospectral method for closed-shell atoms
Authors: Cinal M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Hartree–Fock (HF) equation for atoms with closed (sub)shells is transformed with the pseudospectral (PS) method into a discrete eigenvalue equation for scaled orbitals on a finite radial grid. The Fock exchange operator and the Hartree potential are obtained from the respective Poisson equations also discretized using the PS representation. The numerical solution of the discrete HF equation for closed-(sub)shell atoms from He to No is robust, fast and gives extremely accurate results, with the accuracy superior to that of the previous HF calculations. A very moderate number of 33 to 71 radial grid points is sufficient to obtain total energies with 14 significant digits and occupied orbital energies with 12 to 14 digits in numerical calculations using the double precision (64-bit) of the floating-point format.The electron density at the nucleus is then determined with 13 significant digits and the Kato condition for the density and s orbitals is satisfied with the accuracy of 11 to 13 digits. The node structure of the exact HF orbitals is obtained and their asymptotic dependence, including the common exponential decay, is reproduced very accurately. The accuracy of the investigated quantities is further improved by performing the PS calculations in the quadruple precision (128-bit) floating-point arithmetic which provides the total energies with 25 significant digits while using only 80 to 130 grid points.
Thinking embodiment with genetics: epigenetics and postgenomic biology in embodied cognition and enactivism
Authors: Meloni Maurizio , Reynolds Jack 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe role of the body in cognition is acknowledged across a variety of disciplines, even if the precise nature and scope of that contribution remain contentious. As a result, most philosophers working on embodiment—e.g. those in embodied cognition, enactivism, and ‘4e’ cognition—interact with the life sciences as part of their interdisciplinary agenda. Despite this, a detailed engagement with emerging findings in epigenetics and post-genomic biology has been missing from proponents of this embodied turn. Surveying this research provides an opportunity to rethink the relationship between embodiment and genetics, and we argue that the balance of current epigenetic research favours the extension of an enactivist approach to mind and life, rather than the extended functionalist view of embodied cognition associated with Andy Clark and Mike Wheeler, which is more substrate neutral.
Comparative effectiveness and safety of direct oral anticoagulants compared to warfarin in morbidly obese patients with acute venous thromboembolism: systematic review and a meta-analysis
Authors: Elshafei Mohamed Nabil , Mohamed Mouhand F. H. , El-Bardissy Ahmed , Ahmed Mohamed Badie , Abdallah Ibtihal , Elewa Hazem , Danjuma Mohammed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDirect oral anticoagulant (DOAC) agents are becoming the anticoagulation strategy of choice. However, their use in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) in morbidly obese patients (bodyweight of > 120 kg or BMI > 40 kg/m2) guarded. This is due to the scarce data supporting their use in this population. As a result, the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis recommended against their use in this cohort of patients. New data emerged supporting the use of DOACs in these patients. Hence, we aimed to systematically review the literature exploring the efficacy and safety of these agents compared to warfarin in VTE treatment in morbidly obese patients. A systematic review of PubMed and EMBASE since inception until 01/04/2020. Subsequently, a non-inferiority (NI of 1.75) meta-analysis utilizing the random-effects model. Five observational studies (6585 patients) were included in our meta-analysis. DOAC analogs were non-inferior compared to warfarin in reducing the primary efficacy outcome of VTE recurrence (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.93–1.23) and the primary safety outcome (major bleeding events) (OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.54–1.17). Our meta-analysis comprising real-world observational data concludes that the use of DOAC analogs in morbidly obese patients (bodyweight of > 120 kg or BMI > 40 kg/m2) is non-inferior with regards to efficacy and safety compared to warfarin. This finding helps to resolve the uncertainty associated with the use of DOACs in this cohort. Additionally, it invites for a confirmatory non-inferiority randomized controlled trial testing DOAC vs. Warfarin in this group of patients.
Reliability and Validity of Acetabular and Femoral Bone Loss Classification Systems in Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gu Alex , Adriani Marco , Malahias Michael-Alexander , Fassihi Safa C. , Nocon Allina A. , Bostrom Mathias P. , Sculco Peter K. 
Published: June 2020

Background A variety of classification systems have been developed to help surgeons treat patients with acetabular or femoral bone loss in total hip arthroplasty, yet no “gold standard” for classification has been agreed upon. Furthermore, the reliability and validity of the available classification systems remain unknown. Questions/Purpose The aims of our study were to determine the reliability and validity of the three most common acetabular and femoral bone loss classification systems (Paprosky, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons [AAOS], and Saleh and Gross). Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify studies that reported on the reliability or validity (or both) of the acetabular and femoral components of the three bone loss classification systems. Results In all, seven articles met our inclusion criteria. Six studies reported on the reliability (all six studies) or validity (three studies) of acetabular bone loss rating systems (286 acetabula), and five analyzed reliability (all five studies) or validity (three studies) of femoral bone loss classification systems (364 femurs). In studies in which either the Paprosky or AAOS acetabular bone loss classifications were used, the classification systems were considered unreliable in 75% and 100% of them, respectively. On the femoral side, the Paprosky classification demonstrated moderate interobserver and good intraobserver reliability. The AAOS femoral bone classification was found to have good intraobserver reliability but poor interobserver reliability. The Saleh and Gross acetabular and femoral bone loss classification systems yielded mixed results, but each was considered reliable in one of the studies looking at these aspects of the systems. Conclusion Although surgical techniques, treatment options, and advanced imaging available to the surgeon have evolved over the past few decades, the acetabular and femoral bone loss classification systems, first developed in the 1990s, have remained largely unchanged. Our results indicate that improvements to these systems are necessary in order for them to be as useful as possible in planning the surgical course.
Transferring diversity of goat grass to farmers’ fields through the development of synthetic hexaploid wheat
Authors: Aberkane Hafid , Payne Thomas , Kishi Masahiro , Smale Melinda , Amri Ahmed , Jamora Nelissa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGenetic variation in wheat is needed to address global food security challenges, particularly as climates change. Crop wild relatives are unique reservoirs of useful alleles for crop improvement and are important components of genebank collections. We analyzed how the derivatives of ‘goat grass’ (Aegilops tauschii) have been used to widen the genetic base for wheat breeding and surveyed wheat breeders to elicit adoption estimates. Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) is derived by crossing goat grass with durum wheat, serving as a bridge to transfer desirable traits into modern varieties of bread wheat. Our data show that wheat scientists used 629 unique accessions from 15 countries for pre-breeding, producing 1577 primary SHWs. These derivatives represented 21% of the germplasm distributed by the genebank of the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center between 2000 and 2018. Over the period, more than 10,000 samples of SHW were sent to 110 institutions in 40 countries, with rising numbers of synthetic hexaploid-derived lines (SHDL) included in international nurseries. Lines were screened for major diseases of wheat. At least 86 varieties have been selected from SHDL and released in 20 countries. Survey estimates indicate the highest scale of adoption in southwest China and India, with 34% and 7% of reported wheat area, respectively. These varieties demonstrate resistance to pests and pathogens, high yield potential, good quality attributes, and suitability for biofortified wheat.
High performance of La-doped Y2O3 transparent ceramics
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Jun , Yu Hongyu , Pan Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs an optical material, Y2O3transparent ceramics are desirable for application as laser host materials. However, it is difficult to sinter and dense of Y2O3hinders the preparation of high-quality optical ceramics via traditional processes. In this work, we use La2O3as a sintering aid for fabricating high-transparency Y2O3ceramics using a vacuum sintering process. It is demonstrated that the in-line optical transmittance of 15.0 at% La-doped Y2O3at a wavelength of 1100 nm achieves a transmittance of 81.2%. A sintering kinetics analysis reveals that a grain-boundary-diffusion-controlled mechanism dominates the faster densification at high La3+concentrations. It is also shown that both the mechanical and thermal properties of Y2O3transparent ceramics are significantly improved upon the increase of La2O3sintering additives. The results indicate that a La-doped Y2O3transparent ceramic is a promising candidate for a laser host material.
Developing and evaluating predictive conveyor belt wear models
Authors: Webb Callum , Sikorska Joanna , Khan Ramzan Nazim , Hodkiewicz Melinda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractConveyor belt wear is an important consideration in the bulk materials handling industry. We define four belt wear rate metrics and develop a model to predict wear rates of new conveyor configurations using an industry dataset that includes ultrasonic thickness measurements, conveyor attributes, and conveyor throughput. All variables are expected to contribute in some way to explaining wear rate and are included in modeling. One specific metric, the maximum throughput-based wear rate, is selected as the prediction target, and cross-validation is used to evaluate the out-of-sample performance of random forest and linear regression algorithms. The random forest approach achieves a lower error of 0.152 mm/megatons (standard deviation [SD] = 0.0648). Permutation importance and partial dependence plots are computed to provide insights into the relationship between conveyor parameters and wear rate. This work demonstrates how belt wear rate can be quantified from imprecise thickness testing methods and provides a transparent modeling framework applicable to other supervised learning problems in risk and reliability.
Disaster Literacy and Public Health: A Systematic Review and Integration of Definitions and Models
Authors: Çalışkan Cüneyt , Üner Sarp 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTObjective:The aim of this study is to develop an integrated definition and a conceptual model covering the dimensions of disaster literacy.Methods:A systematic literature review was conducted to identify the definitions and conceptual frameworks of disaster literacy. The content analysis of definitions and conceptual frameworks were conducted to identify the central dimensions of disaster literacy and to develop an integrated model.Results:In this study, 8 disaster literacy definitions and 4 conceptual model studies related to disasters were found. In line with these studies, a comprehensive definition of disaster literacy was presented. In addition, based on content analysis, a 16-matrix integrative conceptual model of the mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery dimensions of disaster literacy, and the access, understanding, appraisal, and application areas of disaster information processing were developed.Conclusions:In this study, a comprehensive definition and conceptual framework of disaster literacy were presented in an integrated model. By using this model, practices that are special to the phases of a disaster can be identified and supported in society. In addition, the model can contribute to empirical studies by providing the basis for the development of tools to measure disaster literacy.
Pediatric Emergency Department Responses to COVID-19: Transitioning From Surge Preparation to Regional Support
Authors: Hartford Emily A. , Keilman Ashley , Yoshida Hiromi , Migita Russell , Chang Todd , Enriquez Brianna , Liu Deborah R. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIn the midst of a global pandemic, hospitals around the world are working to meet the demand for patients ill with the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by the novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China. As the crisis unfolds, several countries have reported lower numbers as well as less morbidity and mortality for pediatric patients. Thus, pediatric centers find themselves pivoting from preparing for a patient surge to finding ways to support the regional response for adults. This study describes the response from 2 West Coast freestanding academic children’s hospitals that were among the first cities in the United States impacted during this pandemic.
INTERPRETABILITY LOGICS AND GENERALISED VELTMAN SEMANTICS
Authors: MIKEC LUKA , VUKOVIĆ MLADEN 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe obtain modal completeness of the interpretability logics IL
$\!\!\textsf {P}_{\textsf {0}}$
and ILR w.r.t. generalised Veltman semantics. Our proofs are based on the notion of full labels [2]. We also give shorter proofs of completeness w.r.t. the generalised semantics for many classical interpretability logics. We obtain decidability and finite model property w.r.t. the generalised semantics for IL
$\textsf {P}_{\textsf {0}}$
and ILR. Finally, we develop a construction that might be useful for proofs of completeness of extensions of ILW w.r.t. the generalised semantics in the future, and demonstrate its usage with
$\textbf {IL}\textsf {W}^\ast = \textbf {IL}\textsf {WM}_{\textsf {0}}$
.