bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital costs associated with post-traumatic stress disorder in somatic patients: a retrospective study
Authors: von der Warth Rieka , Hehn Philip , Wolff Jan , Kaier Klaus 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder is likely to affect clinical courses in the somatic hospital ward when appearing as comorbidity. Thus, this study aimed to assess the costs associated with comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder in a somatic hospital and to analyze if reimbursement appropriately compensated additional costs.

Methods
The study used data from a German university hospital between 2011 and 2014, analyzing 198,819 inpatient episodes. Inpatient’s episodes were included for analysis if they had a somatic primary diagnosis and a secondary diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder. Costs were calculated based on resource use and compared to reimbursement. Analyses were adjusted for sex, age and somatic comorbidities.

Results
N = 219 Inpatient’s episode were found with primary somatic disorder and a comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder. Inpatients episodes with comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder were compared to 34,229 control episodes, which were hospitalized with the same main diagnosis. Post-traumatic stress disorder was associated with additional hospital costs of €2311 [95%CI €1268 - €3355], while reimbursement rose by €1387 [€563 - €2212]. Results indicate that extra costs associated with post-traumatic stress disorder are not fully reimbursed. Male patients showed higher hospital costs associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. On average, post-traumatic stress disorder was associated with an extra length of stay of 3.4 days [2.1–4.6 days].

Conclusion
Costs associated with post-traumatic stress disorder were substantial and exceeded reimbursement, indicating an inadequate reimbursement for somatic patients with comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder.
Study design to evaluate a group-based therapy for support persons of adults on buprenorphine/naloxone
Authors: Osilla Karen Chan , Becker Kirsten , Ecola Liisa , Hurley Brian , Manuel Jennifer K. , Ober Allison , Paddock Susan M. , Watkins Katherine E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundOpioid use disorders (OUDs) have devastating effects on individuals, families, and communities. While medication treatments for OUD save lives and are increasingly utilized, rates of treatment dropout are very high. In addition, most existing medication treatments for OUD may often neglect the impact of untreated OUD on relationships and ignore the potential role support persons (SPs) could have on encouraging long-term recovery, which can also impact patient treatment retention.Methods/designThe current study adapts Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) for use with SPs (family member, spouse or friend) of patients using buprenorphine/naloxone (buprenorphine) in an outpatient community clinic setting. The study will evaluate whether the adapted intervention, also known as integrating support persons into recovery (INSPIRE), is effective in increasing patient retention on buprenorphine when compared to usual care. We will utilize a two-group randomized design where patients starting or restarting buprenorphine will be screened for support person status and recruited with their support person if eligible. Support persons will be randomly assigned to the INSPIRE intervention, which will consist of 10 rolling group sessions led by two facilitators. Patients and SPs will each be assessed at baseline, 3 months post-baseline, and 12 months post-baseline. Patient electronic medical record data will be collected at six and 12 months post-baseline. We will examine mechanisms of intervention effectiveness and also conduct pre/post-implementation surveys with clinic staff to assess issues that would affect sustainability.DiscussionIncorporating the patient’s support system may be an important way to improve treatment retention in medication treatments for OUD. If SPs can serve to support patient retention, this study would significantly advance work to help support the delivery of effective treatments that prevent the devastating consequences associated with OUD.Trial registrationThis study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04239235. Registered 27 January 2020,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04239235.
High multiple mutations of Plasmodium falciparum-resistant genotypes to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Quan Hong , Igbasi Uche , Oyibo Wellington , Omilabu Sunday , Chen Shen-Bo , Shen Hai-Mo , Okolie Chukwuma , Chen Jun-Hu , Zhou Xiao-Nong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Plasmodium falciparum-resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been largely reported among pregnant women. However, the profile of resistance markers to SP dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) in the general population are varied and not frequently monitored. Currently, SP is used as partner drug for artemisinin combination therapy (SP-artesunate) in some sub-Saharan African countries or as a prophylactic drug in intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy and infants and in seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). Profiling of P. falciparum-resistant genotypes to SP is dynamic and critical in providing data that would be useful for malaria control programmes. This study assessed the profile of dhfr and dhps genes genotypes among individuals with malaria in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods
Molecular markers of SP resistance were identified by nested PCR and sequenced among malaria positive dried blood spots (DBS) that were collected from individuals attending health facilities from January 2013 to February 2014 and during community surveys from October 2010 to September 2011 across different Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Results
A total of 242 and 167 samples were sequenced for dhfr and dhps, respectively. Sequence analysis of dhfr showed that 95.5% (231/242), 96.3% (233/242) and 96.7% (234/242) of the samples had N51I, C59R and S108N mutant alleles, respectively. The prevalence of dhps mutation at codons A437G, A613S, S436A, A581G, I431V and K540E were 95.8% (160/167), 41.9% (70/167), 41.3% (69/167), 31.1% (52/167), 25.1% (42/167), and 1.2% (2/167) respectively. The prevalence of triple mutations (CIRNI) in dhfr was 93.8% and 44.3% for the single dhps haplotype mutation (SGKAA). Partial SP-resistance due to quadruple dhfr-dhps haplotype mutations (CIRNI-SGKAA) and octuple haplotype mutations (CIRNI-VAGKGS) with rate of 42.6% and 22.0%, respectively has been reported.

Conclusions
There was increased prevalence in dhfr triple haplotype mutations when compared with previous reports in the same environment but aligned with high prevalence in other locations in Nigeria and other countries in Africa. Also, high prevalence of dhfr and dhps mutant alleles occurred in the study areas in Lagos, Nigeria five to eight years after the introduction of artemisinin combination therapy underscores the need for continuous monitoring.
Chemical assessment of the explosive chamber in the projector system of Hayabusa2 for asteroid sampling
Authors: Takano Yoshinori , Yamada Keita , Okamoto Chisato , Sawada Hirotaka , Okazaki Ryuji , Sakamoto Kanako , Kebukawa Yoko , Kiryu Kento , Shibuya Takazo , Igisu Motoko , Yano Hajime , Tachibana Shogo ,   Hayabusa2 project team
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report a chemical assessment of the explosive chamber in the projector system used during the sampling operation of the Hayabusa2 project at the surface of the C-type asteroid Ryugu. Although the explosion process was designed as a closed system, volatile combustion gases and semivolatile organics were produced together with quenched carbonaceous product. The chemical compositions of the gases, organics, and inorganics were investigated in the screening analysis. A solid-phase microextraction technique and thermal desorption coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed that aliphatic (< C20n-alkanes) and aromatic (< pyrene) hydrocarbons were produced in the closed chamber system. The aromatic ring compositions of the latter showed a semilogarithmic decrease: one ring > two rings > three rings > four rings, resulting in abiogenic molecular patterns. The most intense inorganic fingerprints were due to potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl–) ions derived from the initial KTB explosive and RK ignition charge. We discuss quality control and quality assurance issues applicable to future sample processes during the Hayabusa2 project.
The role of resting-state functional MRI for clinical preoperative language mapping
Authors: Kumar Vinodh A. , Heiba Islam M. , Prabhu Sujit S. , Chen Melissa M. , Colen Rivka R. , Young Angela L. , Johnson Jason M. , Hou Ping , Noll Kyle , Ferguson Sherise D. , Rao Ganesh , Lang Frederick F. , Schomer Donald F. , Liu Ho-Ling 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Task-based functional MRI (tb-fMRI) is a well-established technique used to identify eloquent cortex, but has limitations, particularly in cognitively impaired patients who cannot perform language paradigms. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) is a potential alternative modality for presurgical mapping of language networks that does not require task performance. The purpose of our study is to determine the utility of rs-fMRI for clinical preoperative language mapping when tb-fMRI is limited.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 134 brain tumor patients who underwent preoperative fMRI language mapping. rs-fMRI was post-processed with seed-based correlation (SBC) analysis, when language tb-fMRI was limited. Two neuroradiologists reviewed both the tb-fMRI and rs-fMRI results. Six neurosurgeons retrospectively rated the usefulness of rs-fMRI for language mapping in their patients.

Results
Of the 134 patients, 49 cases had limited tb-fMRI and rs-fMRI was post-processed. Two neuroradiologists found rs-fMRI beneficial for functional language mapping in 41(84%) and 43 (88%) cases respectively; Cohen’s kappa is 0.83, with a 95% confidence interval (0.61, 1.00). The neurosurgeons found rs-fMRI “definitely” useful in 26 cases (60%) and “somewhat” useful in 13 cases (30%) in locating potential eloquent language centers of clinical interest. Six unsuccessful rs-fMRI cases were due to: head motion (2 cases), nonspecific functionality connectivity outside the posterior language network (1 case), and an unknown system instability (3 cases).

Conclusions
This study is a proof of concept that shows SBC rs-fMRI may be a viable alternative for clinical language mapping when tb-fMRI is limited.
Endocrine Significance of SARS-CoV-2’s Reliance on ACE2
Authors: Lazartigues Eric , Qadir Mirza Muhammad Fahd , Mauvais-Jarvis Franck 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic is the most disruptive event in the past 50 years, with a global impact on health care and world economies. It is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a coronavirus that uses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as an entry point to the cells. ACE2 is a transmembrane carboxypeptidase and member of the renin-angiotensin system. This mini-review summarizes the main findings regarding ACE2 expression and function in endocrine tissues. We discuss rapidly evolving knowledge on the potential role of ACE2 and SARS coronaviruses in endocrinology and the development of diabetes mellitus, hypogonadism, and pituitary and thyroid diseases.
The Immp2l Mutation Causes Ovarian Aging Through ROS-Wnt/β-Catenin-Estrogen Pathway: Preventive Effect of Melatonin
Authors: He Qing , Gu Lifang , Lin Qingyin , Ma Yi , Liu Chunlian , Pei Xiuying , Li P Andy , Yang Yanzhou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMitochondria play important roles in ovarian follicle development. Mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial gene deficiency, impairs ovarian development. Here, we explored the role and mechanism of mitochondrial inner membrane gene Immp2l in ovarian follicle growth and development. Our results revealed that female Immp2l-/- mice were infertile, whereas Immp2l+/- mice were normal. Body and ovarian weights were reduced in the female Immp2l-/- mice, ovarian follicle growth and development were stunted in the secondary follicle stage. Although a few ovarian follicles were ovulated, the oocytes were not fertilized because of mitochondrial dysfunction. Increased oxidative stress, decreased estrogen levels, and altered genes expression of Wnt/β-catenin and steroid hormone synthesis pathways were observed in 28-day-old Immp2l-/- mice. The Immp2l mutation accelerated ovarian aging process, as no ovarian follicles were detected by age 5 months in Immp2l-/- mice. All the aforementioned changes in the Immp2l-/- mice were reversed by administration of antioxidant melatonin to the Immp2l-/- mice. Furthermore, our in vitro study using Immp2l knockdown granulosa cells confirmed that the Immp2l downregulation induced granulosa cell aging by enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, suppressing Wnt16, increasing β-catenin, and decreasing steroid hormone synthesis gene cyp19a1 and estrogen levels, accompanied by an increase in the aging phenotype of granulosa cells. Melatonin treatment delayed granulosa cell aging progression. Taken together, Immp2l causes ovarian aging through the ROS-Wnt/β-catenin-estrogen (cyp19a1) pathway, which can be reversed by melatonin treatment.
Recognition and management of sepsis in the urgent care out of hours setting
Authors: Dexter Justine , Mortimore Gerri 
Published: July 2020

As the majority of sepsis cases occur in the community, Justine Dexter and Gerri Mortimore provide an overview of the assessment, diagnosis and management of the condition for those working in out of hours settings Sepsis is a life-threatening and common condition prompted by a microbial infection. Sepsis is responsible for the death of more people than prostate, bowel or breast cancer collectively, and it causes the second highest mortality rates after cardiovascular disease. The majority of sepsis cases occur in the community, with 30% developing while the patient is in hospital. In many instances, sepsis is avoidable and treatable. The aetiology of sepsis is not always known, making diagnosis difficult, with only 50% of cases having a confirmed pathogenic organism. The signs and symptoms most obviously connected with sepsis are confusion or unusual behaviour, hypotension and increased respiratory rate. However, some patients have non-specific symptoms, and just complain of feeling extremely unwell. Any patients who have these signs or symptoms should be assessed for the possibility of sepsis, regardless of whether pyrexia is present. To aid in detection and decision making about sepsis, the use of screening tools have been advocated to shorten the period prior to the administration of antibiotics. Children characteristically compensate physiologically for a considerable time and then deteriorate quickly; therefore, a crucial focus is to spot a sick child rapidly. Many urgent care out of hours (UCOOH) services are nurse-led. Therefore, it often falls on advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs) to educate healthcare assistants to spot the sick person, especially as they are usually the first person the patient sees. Leadership plays a key role for ANPs in UCOOH by helping to progress the pathway for patients to ensure the sickest are prioritised.
A Moral e a Ética nas Relações de Poder / Morals and Ethics in Power Relationships
Authors: Tolovi Carlos Alberto , Figueiredo João Batista De Albuquerque 
Published: July 2020

A maior crise enfrentada pela humanidade nos tempos atuais pode ser identificada como ligada a dimensão de valores. E quando falamos em valoração, do ponto de vista axiológico, nos remetemos automaticamente ao campo onde estão inseridas a ética e a moral. E se este está ligado diretamente a uma aceitação coletiva, que define a visão de mundo de um determinado grupo social, ele está também conectado às relações de poder. Mesmo porque, em todos os processos de colonização, que se transformam em colonialidade, quem possui o poder de normatizar é também quem normaliza as hierarquias, determinando o que deve ser obedecido. Porém, enquanto a moral serve para normatizar e justificar as relações de poder, a ética pode servir como elemento de reflexão que, na busca de fundamentação, pode questionar esta estrutura, despertando a consciência crítica. E nosso objetivo neste ensaio consiste em explicitar as diferenças entre ética e moral tomando como referência as relações de poder. Palavras-chave: Moral; Ética; Relações de Poder.
Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Surat Di Majelis Pendidikan Dasar Dan Menengah Pimpinan Wilayah Muhammadiyah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Menggunakan Metode Extreme Programming
Authors: Rahman Jumadil Abdul 
Published: July 2020

Correspondence is one activity that can not be separated from an organization, because the mail is one of the important communication media in the organization and communication with other organizations.High-intensity correspondence activities need to have a good management, so that the information conveyed can be delivered properly and safely. This management can also make letters well documented.System development in this research using Extreme Programming method. This method was chosen because the development is still done on a small scale. In addition, this method has a simple process, fast and precise because prioritizing the communication aspects between clients with developers. The built-in information system has features for receiving incoming mail, sending outgoing mail, sending and receiving mail dispositions, and sending and receiving memos. With this system can be effecient mail management and make it easy to manage the data letter itself. Keywords : Agile Process, Letter, Extreme Programming, PHP, Information System
RUMAH PINTAR BERBASIS PESAN SINGKAT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO
Authors: Elisawati Elisawati , Ridarmin Ridarmin , Saputra Ade , Syahrizal Syahrizal 
Published: July 2020

Rumah adalah suatu naungan untuk manusia melepas lelah setelah melakukan berbagai aktivitas dan juga sebagai sarana interaksi antar sesama penghuni rumah atau bahkan dengan lingkungannya. Kelalaian pemilik rumah ketika meninggalkan rumah seringkali menjadi pemicu tindak kriminal, misalnya lupa mengunci pintu dan meninggalkan rumah dalam keadaan lampu yang tidak menyala. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, diperlukan suatu sistem pengontrolan jarak jauh yang terintegrasi dengan berbagai perangkat yang terdapat di dalam rumah. Pesan singkat (SMS) dapat menjadi solusi karena hampir setiap pemilik rumah memiliki ponsel yang mendukung layanan SMS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun suatu prototype sistem rumah pintar yang dikontrol oleh suatu mikrokontroler sebagai pusat kendali. Sistem dihubungkan dengan perangkat yang memodelkan lampu dan kunci pintu yaitu lampu dan Selenoid Lock. Mikrokontroler dihubungkan dengan GSM shield yang berfungsi sebagai perangkat untuk menerima dan mengirim SMS dari dan ke pemilik rumah. Pengujian dari jarak 5m terkirim ± 7 detik, pembalasan ± 6,56 detik, sedangkan pengujian dengan jarak 1km terkirim terkirim ± 6,02 detik, pembalasan ± 6,04 detik. dengan jarak yang berbeda-beda menghasilkan waktu yang berbeda juga dalam pengiriman SMS dan pembalasan SMS bisa cepat atau lambat tergantung dari jaringan handphone dan jaringan pada GSM. Kata kunci : rumah pintar, pesan singkat, SMS, Arduino Uno.
Implementasi Metode Scrum Dalam Pengembangan Test Engine Try Out Sertifikasi
Authors: Sauda Siti , Oktaviani Nia , Bunyamin Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

Bina Darma University is one of higher education under the auspices of the Region II Higher Education Service Institute committed to producing graduates who have competence. One tangible form that can see from the activities carried out through the Faculty of Computer Science is the capacity-building and capabilities of prospective graduates through the certification program. Available certifications are competency certifications from world-renowned vendors that have licenses to issue certifications. But the problem that occurs is the failure caused by the unfamiliarity of participants in seeing the types of issues to be faced. Even though if it is seen to take a vendor certification exam, it will cost a lot of money and time is not small. For that reason, in this research, an alternative solution was made, namely by making a test engine try out certification. In the process of developing a test engine, the Scrum method is used, which focuses on speed in development. the results of the event show that the test engine produced can function properly and can be used as a try out the tool before conducting a certification exam.Universitas Bina Darma merupakan salah satu penyelenggara pendidikan tinggi di bawah naungan Lembaga Layanan Pendidikan Tinggi Wilayah II berkomitmen untuk menghasilkan lulusan yang memiliki kompetensi. Salah satu wujud nyata yaitu dapat dilihat dari kegiatan yang dilakukan melalui Fakultas Ilmu Komputer yaitu kegiatan peningkatan kapasitas dan kapabilitas calon lulusan melalui program sertifikasi. Sertifikasi yang tersedia merupakan sertifikasi kompetensi dari vendor ternama dunia yang memiliki lisensi untuk mengeluarkan sertifikasi. Namun permasalah yang terjadi yaitu kegagalan yang disebabkan kurang terbiasanya peserta dalam melihat jenis soal-soal yang akan dihadapi. Padahal jika dilihat untuk mengikuti ujian sertifikasi vendor membutuhkan biaya yang mahal serta waktu yang tidak sedikit. Untuk itu didalam peneltian ini dilakukan upaya alternative solusi yaitu dengan dibuat test engine try out sertifikasi. Dalam proses pengembangan test engine digunakan metode Scrum yang berfokus pada kecepatan dalam pengembangan. hasil pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa test engine yang dihasilkan dapat berfungsi dengan baik serta dapat dijadikan sebagai alat try out sebelum dilakukannya ujian sertifikasi.
Efektifitas Peningkatan Kualitas Lulusan UNBK Melalui E-learning Ujian online Menggunakan Metode LCM
Authors: Radillah Teuku 
Published: July 2020

Ujian nasional berbasis komputer (UNBK) masih menjadi polemik bagi siswa maupun pihak sekolah yang menjadikan index kelulusan dari UNBK tersebut sebagai parameter pencitraan nama baik sekolah dan kualitas lulusan dari sekolah tersebut. Minimnya pengetahuan siswa terhadap penggunaan komputer serta akses internet yang masih belum terjangkau dikarenakan letak sekolah yang jauh dipinggiran kota menjadikan siswa – siswi pada SMAN 5 Dumai memiliki kualitas kelulusan UNBK yang cukup rendah. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas lulusan pada SMAN 5 Dumai dibutuhkan suatu aplikasi e-learning berbasis metode Linear Congruent Methods (LCM) yang dijadikan pra-ujian untuk menghadapi UNBK sebagai solusi dalam upaya peningkatan kualitas lulusan siswa nantinya. Adapun rancang bangun aplikasi tersebut menggunakan metode LCM sebagai generate pengacakan soal yang akan diujiankan,dan dengan adanya aplikasi ini diharapkan siswa dapat mempersiapkan diri dengan baik dan terbiasa dalam menghadapi ujian komputer secara online. Kata Kunci : e-learning, kualitas lulusan, LCM