bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the physical properties of the molybdenum oxide Mo4O11 and its tantalum substituted variant Mo2Ta2O11
Authors: Zoller Michael , Bubnova Rimma , Biryukov Yaroslav , Haussühl Eiken , Pöttgen Rainer , Janka Oliver , Penner Simon , Praty Corsin , Fitzek Harald , Winkler Jörg , Filatov Stanislav , Huppertz Hubert 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Although γ/η-Mo4O11 and Mo2Ta2O11 are used in a variety of industrial applications and can easily be synthesized in a chemical vapour transport (CVT) process or reactions in silica ampoules, respectively, only few data are available concerning their physical properties. In this paper, we further explore the properties of the three compounds with respect to their thermal and magnetic behavior, surface composition, and Raman spectroscopic properties.
Solution of the Riemann problem for an ideal polytropic dusty gas in magnetogasdynamics
Authors: Chauhan Astha , Arora Rajan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The main aim of this paper is, to obtain the analytical solution of the Riemann problem for a quasi-linear system of equations, which describe the one-dimensional unsteady flow of an ideal polytropic dusty gas in magnetogasdynamics without any restriction on the initial data. By using the Rankine-Hugoniot (R-H) and Lax conditions, the explicit expressions of elementary wave solutions (i. e., shock waves, simple waves and contact discontinuities) are derived. In the flow field, the velocity and density distributions for the compressive and rarefaction waves are discussed and shown graphically. It is also shown how the presence of small solid particles and magnetic field affect the velocity and density across the elementary waves. It is an interesting fact about this study that the results obtained for the Riemann problem are in closed form.
On biological signaling
Authors: Nimtz Günter , Aichmann Horst 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Presently, nerve pulse propagation is understood to take place by electric action pulses. The theoretical description is given by the Hodgkin-Huxley model. Recently, an alternative model was proclaimed, where signaling is carried out by acoustic solitons. The solitons are built by a local phase transition in the lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) of a biologic membrane. We argue that the crystal structure arranging hydrogen bonds at the membrane surface do not allow such an acoustic soliton model. The bound water is a component of the LLC and the assumed phase transition represents a negative entropy step.
Chemical composition and biological activities of Dipterocarpus cornutus Dyer essential oil
Authors: Salleh Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan , Khamis Shamsul , Rahman Muhammad Nurakmal Abdul , Nafiah Mohd Azlan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The design of this study was developed to examine the chemical composition, anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory inhibitory activities of the essential oil of Dipterocarpus cornutus Dyer from Malaysia. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the essential oil revealed 20 components, representing 94.6% of the oil. The major components identified were α-gurjunene (50.6%), α-selinene (8.3%), spathulenol (5.7%), and bicyclogermacrene (5.4%). Anticholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activity were also evaluated using the Ellman method and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme, respectively, in which the essential oil revealed weak inhibitory activity against the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (I%: 30.2%) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (I%: 32.5%), while moderate inhibitory activity was reported in the LOX (I%: 70.2%). The approach adopted in this study and results are reported for the first time which could be useful for the characterization, pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications of the essential oil from Dipterocarpus genus.
Bioinsecticides based on plant essential oils: a short overview
Authors: Isman Murray B. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Interest in the discovery and development of plant essential oils for use as bioinsecticides has grown enormously in the past 20 years. However, successful commercialization and utilization of crop protection products based on essential oils has thus far lagged far behind their promise based on this large body of research, most notably because with the exceptions of the USA and Australia, such products receive no special status from regulatory agencies that approve new pesticides for use. Essential oil-based insecticides have now been used in the USA for well over a decade, and more recently have seen use in the European Union (EU), Korea, and about a dozen other countries, with demonstrated efficacy against a wide range of pests and in numerous crop systems. For the most part these products are based on commodity essential oils developed as flavor and fragrance agents for the food and cosmetic industries, as there are formidable logistic, economic, and regulatory challenges to the use of many other essential oils that otherwise possess potentially useful bioactivity against pests. In spite of these limitations, the overall prospects for biopesticides, including those based on essential oils, are encouraging as the demand for sustainably-produced and/or organic food continues to increase worldwide.
Structure and Electronic State in a Fluid Alkali Metal: Synchrotron Radiation Studies
Authors: Matsuda Kazuhiro , Tamura Kozaburo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStructure and electronic state in a fluid alkali metal have been investigated by using synchrotron radiation. X-ray diffraction and small angle X-ray scattering measurements of fluid rubidium (Rb) were carried out for observing local and intermediate atomic arrangements, and X-ray Compton scattering measurements were carried out for observing electronic state in the fluids. Variation in physical quantities obtained by these measurements has revealed a particular density range of the fluid, where the stability problem of the electron gas becomes an issue.
Velocity-Based Training: From Theory to Application
Authors: Weakley Jonathon , Mann Bryan , Banyard Harry , McLaren Shaun , Scott Tannath , Garcia-Ramos Amador 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Velocity-based training (VBT) is a contemporary method of resistance training that enables accurate and objective prescription of resistance training intensities and volumes. This review provides an applied framework for the theory and application of VBT. Specifically, this review gives detail on how to: use velocity to provide objective feedback, estimate strength, develop load-velocity profiles for accurate load prescription, and how to use statistics to monitor velocity. Furthermore, a discussion on the use of velocity loss thresholds, different methods of VBT prescription, and how VBT can be implemented within traditional programming models and microcycles is provided.
The predictive value of vascular endothelial growth factor-A gene polymorphism for clinical outcomes among acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients: A single center prospective study
Authors: Kutia Inna M. , Kopytsya Mykola P. , Hilova Yaroslava V. , Petyunina Olga V. , Berezin Alexander E. 
Published: May 2020

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiopoetic factor; its variability in circulating levels is mediated by expression of specific VEGF-A gene variants. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of VEGF-A gene polymorphism in clinical outcomes of STelevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.
Methods: For the study, 135 patients with acute STEMI and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled. The G634C polymorphism in VEGF-A gene was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction at baseline. The 6-month combined clinical endpoint was then determined. Design: The study was an open prospective single-center cohort study.
Results: The entire patient population was distributed into two groups based on the G634G-genotype (n = 70) and combination of G634C and C634C-genotypes (n = 65). Unadjusted multivariate regressive logistic analysis showed peak troponin I levels at admission, Killip class of heart failure > 2, GC/CC polymorphisms in VEGF-A gene, and dynamic increase of NT-pro brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and VEGF-A levels for 6 months, which were independent predictors for the combined clinical endpoint. After adjustment for dynamic changes of NT-proBNP and VEGF-A levels, we found that GC/CC polymorphisms in the VEGF-A gene was an independent predictor of clinical outcome. Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated that STEMI patients with GG VEGF-A genotype had a lower frequency of clinical combined endpoint accumulation when compared to those who had GC/CC VEGF-A genotypes (Log-rank p = 0.02).
Conclusion: The G634C polymorphism in the VEGF-A gene was found to be an independent predictor for 6-month clinical combined endpoint in STEMI patients.
Compressive behaviour of fired-clay brick and lime mortar masonry components in dry and wet conditions
Authors: Bompa D. V. , Elghazouli A. Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the fundamental mechanical properties of masonry elements incorporating fired-clay bricks and hydraulic lime mortars under ambient-dry and wet conditions, corresponding to 48 h submersion in water. In addition to complementary material characterisation assessments, two types of specimens are tested: cylindrical cores in compression, and wall elements in compression. Overall, a detailed account of more than 50 tests is given. Apart from conventional measurements, the use of digital image correlation techniques enables a detailed assessment of the influence of moisture on the constitutive response, confinement effects and mechanical properties of masonry components. The uniaxial compressive strengths of wet brick elements and brick–mortar components, resulting from tests on cylindrical cores with height-to-depth ratios of around two, are shown to be 13–18% lower than those in ambient-dry conditions. The tests also show that enhanced confinement levels in brick units mobilise 67–92% higher strengths than in the corresponding unconfined cylinders. Moreover, experimental observations indicate that the presence of significant confinement reduces the influence of moisture on the mechanical properties as a function of the brick and mortar joint thickness and their relative stiffness. As a result, the failure of wet masonry walls in compression is found to be only marginally lower than those in ambient-dry conditions. Based on the test results, the influence of moisture on the constitutive response and mechanical properties of masonry components is discussed, and considerations for practical application are highlighted.
A Phase II, Single-Arm, Open-Label, Bayesian Adaptive Efficacy and Safety Study of PBI-05204 in Patients with Stage IV Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Roth Marc T. , Cardin Dana Backlund , Borazanci Erkut Hasan , Steinbach Margaux , Picozzi Vincent J. , Rosemury Alexander , Wadlow Raymond Couric , Newman Robert A. , Berlin Jordan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Lessons Learned
This trial evaluating a novel plant extract, PBI-05204, did not meet its primary endpoint of overall survival but did show signals of efficacy in heavily pretreated mPDA. PBI-05204 was generally well tolerated, with the most common side effects related to treatment being vomiting (23.7%), nausea (18.4%), decreased appetite (18.4%), and diarrhea (15.8%). Additional trials are needed to explore the role of PBI-05204 in cancer treatment.

Background
Survival for metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDA) is dismal, and novel agents are needed. PBI-05204 is a modified supercritical carbon dioxide extract of Nerium oleander leaves. Oleandrin, the extract's major cytotoxic component, is a cardiac glycoside that has demonstrated antitumor activity in various tumor cell lines with a mechanism involving inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and through downregulation of mTOR.

Methods
A phase II, single-arm, open-label study to determine the efficacy of PBI-05204 in patients with refractory mPDA therapy was conducted. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), with the hypothesis that 50% of patients would be alive at 4.5 months. Secondary objectives included safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall response rate. Patients received oral PBI-05204 daily until progressive disease (PD), unacceptable toxicity, or patient withdrawal. Radiographic response was assessed every two cycles.

Results
Forty-two patients were enrolled, and 38 were analyzed. Ten patients were alive at 4.5 months (26.3%) with a median PFS of 56 days. One objective response (2.6%) was observed for 162 days. Grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 63.2% of patients with the most common being fatigue, vomiting, nausea, decreased appetite, and diarrhea.

Conclusion
PBI-05204 did not meet its primary endpoint for OS in this study. Recent preclinical data indicate a role for PBI-05204 against glioblastoma multiforme when combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A randomized phase II trial is currently being designed.
Interventions for Primary Caregivers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A cross-sectional study of current practices of stakeholders in South Africa
Authors: Fewster Deborah Leigh , Uys Catharina , Govender Pragashnie 
Published: May 2020

Background: Primary caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face many challenges potentially impacting their mental health and well-being. Given their role in childcare, it becomes essential that primary caregivers be recognised as health care users who should receive interventions towards improved health, well-being and quality of life (QOL). The study aimed to describe the content, structure and mechanism of delivery of interventions offered to primary caregivers of children with ASD, with specific reference to QOL, in South Africa.Method: A cross-sectional survey design was used to establish the interventions provided to primary caregivers as reported by health are and non-health care professionals who deliver interventions to children with ASD and their families, using an online questionnaire. Snowball sampling was implemented to access a sample of 61 respondents. Demographic data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Details of specific content of interventions were analysed according to identified intervention goals. Closed questions (binary and intensity scales) were analysed using frequencies and means and open-ended questions were thematically analysed with deductive reasoning using QOL domains as identified in relevant literature.Results: Demographics of respondents are presented. Content of intervention included goals towards, awareness about ASD,interventions beneficial for the child with ASD and interventions beneficial for the primary caregiver. The structure and mechanism of delivery of interventions are described. Three QOL domains, development and activity, as well as social and emotional wellbeing, were more commonly targeted in interventions. Physical and material wellbeing were targeted to a lesser extent.Conclusion: The QOL elements that are embedded in the described interventions described, highlight both strengths and limitations within current practices. Additionally, it is noted that interventions appear to primarily cater for the needs of the child, with gaps in catering directly for the needs of the primary caregiver. The mental health and wellbeing of the primary caregive is essential for the child with ASD to develop and achieve their optimal potential. Therefore inclusion of the social, emotional and health needs of the primary caregiver need to be overt with specific outcomes towards improved QOL within interventions.
Key words: primary care givers, quality of life, autism, spectrum disorders, interventions
Minimal Clustering of Injection-Induced Earthquakes Observed with a Large-n Seismic Array
Authors: Cochran Elizabeth S. , Wickham-Piotrowski Alexander , Kemna Kilian B. , Harrington Rebecca M. , Dougherty Sara L. , Peña Castro Andres F. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTThe clustering behavior of injection-induced earthquakes is examined using one month of data recorded by the LArge-n Seismic Survey in Oklahoma (LASSO) array. The 1829-node seismic array was deployed in a 25  km×32  km area of active saltwater disposal in northern Oklahoma between 14 April and 10 May 2016. Injection rates in the study area are nearly constant around the time of the deployment. We develop a local magnitude (ML) equation for the region and estimate magnitudes for 1104 earthquakes recorded by the deployment. The determined earthquake magnitudes range from ML 0.01 to 3.0. The majority of earthquakes occurred between 1.5 and 5.5 km depth, and the shallowest earthquake depths overlap with the base of injection wells at depths between 1.5 and 2.5 km. We compute focal mechanisms of the largest events (ML&gt;2.0), and find a mix of normal- and strike-slip-faulting types. Earthquakes occur regularly in time during the deployment, but are not evenly distributed in space across the study area, that is, they are spatially clustered. Analysis of the nearest-neighbor distances in the space–time–magnitude domain shows the seismicity is dominated by single-event clusters (i.e., independent events). This high proportion of single-event clusters compared with multievent clusters has been previously noted for induced events at geothermal sites. When clustering occurs, the number of events in a cluster is typically small. We observe only four clusters with 10 or more events. For these larger clusters, we find equivalent numbers of foreshocks and aftershocks; however, the foreshock sequences are significantly longer in duration lasting days to tens of days, while aftershock sequences are observed only on the order of one day. The minimal clustering observed for events in the LASSO array suggests that the majority of events are being directly driven by stress changes due to local saltwater disposal.
Growth regulators, sucrose and potassium in the growth and biochemical activity of Curcuma longa L. micropropagated
Authors: Ferrari Meire Pereira de Souza , Queiroz Mayara Dos Santos , Andrade Matheus Marquezini de , Trettel Jéssica Rezende , Magalhães Hélida Mara 
Published: May 2020

Curcuma longa L. is a plant widely used for its pharmacological and medicinal properties, however, does not have a conclusive micropropagation protocol. The objective was to evaluate how growth regulators, sucrose and potassium influence the growth and biochemical activity of Curcuma longa seedlings grown in vitro. Shoots were inoculated in culture medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminpurine - BAP (8.88 and 17.76 μM), Kinetin - KIN (0.92 and 2.16 μM) and naphthalene acetic acid - NAA (2.16 and 7.20 μM), potassium iodide KI (25 and 50 μM) and sucrose (30 and 60 gL-1). Growth regulators at the lowest concentration and 30 gL-1 sucrose promoted increases in growth of C. longa. Antioxidant activity was high in all treatments. The activity of the enzymes catalase and ascorbato peroxidase were increased in the two treatments that contained the highest concentrations of growth regulators. It is concluded that the addition of growth regulators such as cytokinins and auxins are fundamental to increase the number of leaves and growth of shoots in C. longa. Since the best concentrations are in the range of 4.44 to 8.88 μM of (BAP) and 2.16 of NAA. The addition of supplemental potassium in the culture medium is not necessary, and the beneficial effects of doubling the usual sucrose concentration are nullified if other constituents of the medium are altered. The antioxidant activity and enzymes had their activity altered, especially in treatments that did not contain growth regulators.
A comparative study between magnetic resonance imaging and transvaginal sonography for evaluation of uterine fibroid using histopathology as a gold standard
Authors: Goyal Alka , Mehta Deeksha , Mangalhara Naresh K. , Poonia Sunita 
Published: May 2020

Background: Uterine fibroids constitute a substantial bulk of patients presenting to Gynaecology department. Many newer imaging modalities have evolved for their correct evaluation, but in a developing country like India, ultrasound is still being used as a screening as well as diagnostic modality. So, this study was done to compare ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of uterine fibroids in terms of their sensitivity, specificity Trans vaginal and positive predictive value using Histopathology as a gold standard so as to improvise on current clinical practices in this country.Methods: An ethically approved prospective study was done upon 50 patients with suspected uterine masses at SMS Hospital Jaipur. All included patients underwent Trans vaginal Ultrasound (TVS) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were accordingly treated surgically. Histopathology report was traced postoperatively. Data was collected and subjected to various statistical tests including Cohen’s kappa.Results: Most of the patients were <50 years and presented with complains of pain abdomen. Among total 50 cases, the sensitivity of TVS and MRI was 44% and 92%, specificity was 96% and 88%, PPV was 91.67% and 88.46%, NPV was 63.16% and 91.67% respectively, kappa was 0.40 and 0.80 i.e. agreement between TVS and MRI v/s HPE was 40% and 80% respectively. The diagonal agreement between transvaginal USG and MRI, was 63%.Conclusions: TVS is a good screening modality but MRI is definitely better for proper characterization and localization of fibroids enabling clinicians to select the most appropriate management in everyday clinical practice.
Analysis and Evaluation of Reed's Theory of Self-Transcendence
Authors: Abu Khait Abdallah , Sabo Katherine , Shellman Juliette 
Published: May 2020

Background and PurposeReed's theory of self-transcendence is a nursing theory originally derived from inquiry on well-being in older adults. It has since become a viable theory for promoting well-being in all age groups and health/illness experiences. The current theory analysis aimed to uncover the applicability of Reed's theory in promoting individuals' self-transcendence and enhancing well-being. Although there is a wealth of evidence supporting the usefulness of Reed's theory, little is known about how nurses can understand and apply the theory in clinical practice.MethodsThe authors of this current theory analysis adopted Meleis' (2018) approach to theory analysis and evaluation.ResultsReed's theory provides concepts that relate to nursing interventions, which foster the patients' ability to experience multi-level self-transcendence and, thus, enhanced well-being. Applying Reed's theory in clinical practice underpins professional enrichment and brings forth holistic care that assists in facilitating well-being.ConclusionReed's theory of self-transcendence propels the individual beyond constrictive viewpoints of self and the world. The theory is useful for patients at all life-stages and in many different contexts.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses can draw on Reed's theory to develop activities that enhance patients' environment in order to promote self-transcendence. These theory-based activities can expand healthy self-boundaries intrapersonally, interpersonally, transpersonally, and temporally.