bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Modeling and Study for Antidiabetic Activity of Praecitrullus fistulosus Leaves Extracts
Authors: Tiwari Ashutosh , Tyagi C.K , Pandey Harish , Shah Sunil Kumar 
Published: August 2020

Phytochemical and pharmacological investigations of leaves of Praecitrullus fistulosus for the antidiabetic activity have been done in our research work encompassed in depth and systematic screening of plant leaves and further extraction, characterization and bioevaluation. The research was envisaged for antidiabetic activity of different extracts procured by successive extraction methods and to find out or isolate the most possible active compounds from the active extracts showing the best activity. The antidiabetic activity of all extracts has been evaluated by STZ induced diabetes. The isolated compounds have been evaluated by in-vitro and in-vivo models. The alcohol soluble extractives values were found to be higher than water soluble extractive value. Alcohol being a moderately non polar solvent, able to extract polar and non-polar components yields higher extractive value. The ethanol extract shows significant enhancement in glucose tolerance in glucose fed hyperglycemic normal rats and produced a marked decrease in blood glucose levels at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight in streptozotocin-diabetic rats after 21 days treatment.
Keywords: Praecitrullus fistulosus, Streptozotocin and Glibenclamide, diabetes, Pharmacological Evaluation
Lipid ratios as a predictive marker of Subclinical Atherosclerosis inflammation among Type 1 Diabetic patients with Thyroid Dysfunction
Authors: HAMRI Walid Hassene , DIAF Mustapha , HARIR Noria , HADJ HABIB Mohamed 
Published: August 2020

Background and Objectives: Epidemiological inquiries on the subclinical atherosclerotic disease in type 1 diabetes associated with autoimmune thyroid disease are scarce. Our aim was to evaluate the risk of developing atherosclerosis via lipid ratios by comparing two groups of patients according to their TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone) status.
Methods: A retrospective study including 190 patients (13-74 years) with confirmed type 1 diabetes divided into the following groups (patients with serum TSH < 2.5 μIU/mL vs. patients with serum TSH ≥ 2.5 μIU/mL). Autoimmune thyroid disease was classified according to clinical, biological, and follow up data.
Results: Our study showed a slight predominance of females (50.50%), with an average age of 29.25±11.39 years. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was 14.7%, hyperthyroidism 6.3%, and anti-TPO 16.31%. Significant differences were observed between lipid profiles such as HDL and TG (p= 0.008; p=0.04, respectively). The results showed that the 3rd (OR= 2.28 [0.72-7.20]; p=0.15) and the fourth quartiles (OR= 1.9 [0.61-5.83]; p=0.26) of TC/HDL ratio were higher in patients with serum TSH ≥ 2.5 μIU/mL group. Similarly, we noticed higher concordant values on the last quartile (4th) of LDL/HDL ratio with p values of 0.06 as well as the two quartiles (2ndand 4th) of TG/HDL ratio with p values of 0.03 and 0.04, respectively. In both groups, lipid ratios were slightly higher in males compared to females’ patients.
Conclusion: The risk of atherosclerosis was higher in patients with elevated TSH concentrations. Therefore, early detection of thyroid dysfunction and associated dyslipidemia is essential for effective prevention of premature cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Subclinical atherosclerotic disease, autoimmune thyroid disease, TSH, type 1 diabetes
Ethnopharmacological Study and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Ocimum basilicum L. Extracts
Authors: Benabdallah Hassiba , Benchikh Fatima , Amira Smain 
Published: August 2020

Ocimum basilicum L. (O. basilicum L.) with the vernacular name of Reihan or Reyhan is a medicinal plant from the Lamiaceae family, widely used in traditional Algerian medicine. The aim of the present study was to research the traditional uses and the mode of application of O. basilicum L. in the M’sila region (northern Algeria), to estimate the content of polyphenols and flavonoids in methanolic and aqueous extracts of this plant and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of these extracts by the 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). The results of ethnopharmacological survey showed that decoction of leaves in fresh or dry form is the most frequent use. The yields of extracts were 28.67% and 15.24% for the methanolic and aqueous extracts, respectively. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of different compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and essential oils. The results demonstrated that the methanolic extract presented a high polyphenols and flavonoids contents with 225.99 ± 3.13 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry extract and 83.63 ± 3.48 mg quercetin equivalent/g dry extract, respectively. The evaluation of the antioxidant power is carried out using the method of trapping of the free radical DPPH, with BHT as reference antioxidant. The results showed that the methanolic extract has a significant free radical scavenging capacity with an IC50 value of 304.82 ± 24.15 µg/ml; which was greater than the trapping capacity of BHT (IC50 = 327.46 ± 13.11 µg/ml). Whereas, the aqueous extract has a weaker effect with an IC50 value of 2122.81 ± 107.77 µg/ml.
Keywords: BHT, DPPH, flavonoids, Ocimum basilicum L., polyphenols.
A Case Report on Idiopathic Severe Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Mohammadi Fizza Khan , Zoha Sultana , Baleeqhuddin Mohammed , Ali Salman Mir , Faizan Abdullah Md. 
Published: August 2020

Bullous Pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune disorder which exploits the immune system and affecting sub-epidermal region of skin causing mild itching to infection and blistering of sub-epidermal region. Clinical presentations are pruritis, urticarial, papular lesions. These later evolve to bullae in weeks to months and are typically present in the axillae, on the flexor surface of the forearms, medial thighs, trunk, and abdomen. The treatment for bullous pemphigoid is systemic corticosteroids, topical steroids in combination with nicotinamide plus tetracycline, minocycline or doxycycline have shown success in multiple cases. Immunosuppressive therapy is used when steroids do not control the disease or if patients have contraindications for systemic corticosteroid treatments. Patient was brought to emergency department with chief complaints itching, redness, bullous lesion all over the body for 2 months.Oral complaints including solitary erosion seen on right side of buccal mucosa, pharyngeal erythema. Laboratory investigations were carried out. Patient was diagnosed based on physical examination. Patient was provided with adequate treatment and counseling.
Keywords: Bullous Pemphigoid, corticosteroid, Autoimmune disorder, sub-epidermal region.
TIRYAQ E ARBA: A classical Unani Formulation to boost immunity
Authors: Khan Asim Ali , Bashir Fouzia , Akhtar Jamal 
Published: August 2020

Unani System of medicine is one among the oldest systems of medicine that prevails till date with its efficient drugs derived from animal, plant and mineral resources. Over 2400 years ago the father of medicine, Hippocrates practiced it, however His medicine included a great deal of ancient Egyptian Medicine as well as important components of the ancient Mesopotamian traditions. This system of medicine has a detailed description of drugs that are utilized in many infectious diseases like influenza, pneumonia and other respiratory disorders. Unani scholars have prescribed several single drugs as well as compound formulations for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in general. Tiryaq e Arba is one such formulation, which is known to improve host immunity anytime or during the outbreak of epidemics, endemics and pandemics. Through this paper, an attempt has been made to present Unani concept of infectious and epidemic diseases and details of Tiryaq e Arba with a possible approach to manage Covid-19.
Keywords: Tiryaq e Arba, ingredients, epidemics, Unani Medicine.
Survey of Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Practices: A Report of Supply Usage and Variability Between Clinical Roles and Departments
Authors: Moureau Nancy , Gilbert Gregory E. 
Published: August 2020

HighlightsAbstractBackground: The purpose of this study was to investigate ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous (UGPIV) supply usage practices by clinicians working in vascular access, in emergency departments (EDs), or in other roles.Methodology: In 2019, a voluntary cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted via SurveyMonkey. Data collected included demographics, practice-oriented information, procedural activities, and supplies used for UGPIV insertions. Frequency distributions and results of Fisher’s exact test and one-way analysis of variance were reported using R v.3.5.2.Results: A total of 26,649 surveys were distributed with a response rate of 5.5% (n = 1475). Forty-eight percent of respondents (n = 709) indicated that they worked in a vascular access role, 310 (21%) worked in an ED, and 455 (31%) categorized their role as other. Clinically meaningful differences existed in all variables for UGPIV procedures and supplies between departments (P &lt; 0.0001) and in all care settings. Using an investigator-constructed overall metric of supplies used, important differences were demonstrated between personnel supply use in vascular access roles and other roles (P &lt; 0.0001) and personnel in EDs and other roles (P &lt; 0.0001).Conclusions: Use of supplies for UGPIV insertions varies by department. The variability in supply usage for UGPIV insertions revealed by this survey suggests a need for clinical education on guideline application and evaluation of compliance with policies to promote standardization of supplies for UGPIV insertion.
ACOLHIMENTO COM AVALIAÇÃO E CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE RISCO DE UM PRONTO ATENDIMENTO: CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS ATENDIMENTOS
Authors: JAQUES Luriely Rosa Batista , SILVA Priscila de Oliveira B. da , BORGES Maria Eduarda de O. , PUGLIA Thalis Murilo , MARTINS Carmem Costa , MENDES Elena Carla Batista 
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar os atendimentos realizados no Pronto Atendimento de um hospital do interior paulista, segundo o protocolo de acolhimento com avaliação de classificação de risco. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e quantitativa, baseada em dados secundários, obtidos na Ficha de Atendimento (FA) de uma unidade de Pronto Atendimento (PA). A maior parte dos usuários atendidos no PA é do sexo feminino, com faixa etária de 0-10 e 31-40 anos. O período de maiores atendimentos realizados pelo serviço foi das 18:01-21:00 horas, seguido do horário das 15:01-18:00 horas. A classificação de risco que mais se evidenciou no presente estudo foram as cores verde e azul. A população tem procurado utilizar o PA como porta de entrada ao serviço de saúde. Isso demonstra que o fluxo entre os níveis de assistência à saúde deve ser melhor estruturado. Os dados podem servir para melhorar o cuidado com qualidade, direcionando-o para as necessidades de saúde da população, uma vez que se conhecem as características dos pacientes atendidos no Pronto Atendimento.

ASSESSMENT AND RISK CLASSIFICATION RECEPTION AT A MEDICAL CARE UNIT: SERVICES CATEGORIZATION

ABSTRACT
The present study aims at categorizing medical services in an Emergency Room in a hospital at Paulista countryside in line with the reception protocol for assessment and risk classification. It is a case of descriptive and quantitative research based on a secondary database, obtained from Medical Charts (MC) at an Emergency Room (ER). Most of the patients assisted at the ER were female; age ranged from 0-10 and 31-40 years old. Most of the procedures were performed from 6:01 pm. to 9 pm., followed by 3:01 pm. to 6 pm. In the present study, green and blue risk classifications were the most frequent. People have seen the ER as an entry point for health care assistance, evidencing that the flow among assistance levels must have a better organization. Data might be useful to improve quality care, meeting people’s health care needs since the characteristics of the patients who are assisted by Emergency Rooms are known.

Descriptors: Reception. Classification. Emergency Nursing.
Evaluating the natural growth rate of metastatic cancer to the brain
Authors: Kobets Andrew J. , Backus Reid , Fluss Rose , Lee Alan , Lasala Patrick A. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Brain metastases are becoming increasingly more prevalent as cancer patients survive longer with both improved local and systemic therapy. Little is known, however, of the natural growth rates of brain metastases. This investigation aims to ascertain this growth rate of these lesions before the initiation of any CNS- directed therapy.

Methods:
A total of 700 patients were screened, identifying 18 cancer patients (13 breast and 5 lung) with 29 brain metastases that were serially imaged from 2011 to 2017 before treatment for their intracranial metastases. Growth rates were measured by contouring lesions serially across at least two MRI studies in iPlan software by independent raters. These values were then compared between primary (breast and lung) cancer cohorts.

Results:
The mean age at diagnosis was 53 and 95% were female. The interval between primary cancer diagnosis and brain metastases was 4.6 years and 1.2 years in the breast and lung cancer groups, respectively. Of the breast and lung cancer patients, 23% and 40% were deceased, with respective 5.08 cm3 and 2.44 cm3 initial tumor volumes. The average growth rate of lung and breast tumors was 0.018 and 0.040 cm3/day, respectively, with deceased patients having larger and faster growing tumors. Breast and lung metastases grew 2.39% and 1.14% of their total volumes daily and doubling times were 86 and 139 days, respectively.

Conclusion:
This investigation provides a unique perspective into the biological growth of metastatic brain lesions. It is our hope that this study guides timing of treatment and informs both clinicians and patients of tumor growth kinetics before initiating treatment for intracranial metastases.
Synovial sarcoma of the spine: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Alshehri Fayez Dhafer , Baeshen Salem Khaled , Samkari Alaa Mohammed Noor , Almehdar Abeer Salim , Lary Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Synovial sarcoma (SS) of the spine is a rare malignant soft-tissue tumor, and there are few reported cases. The aim of this paper is to report a rare case of spinal SS involving the paraspinal muscles, and to review all such cases reported in the literature.

Case Description:
In this paper, we report a rare case of spinal SS involving the paraspinal muscles in a 12-year-old girl. The patient underwent surgical excision of the mass with adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy. At the 1-year follow-up, there was no evidence of local tumor recurrence, and the patient’s symptoms had improved. In addition, we identified and reviewed 33 reported cases of SS involving the spine.

Conclusion:
Due to the limited number of reported cases in the literature, it is difficult to predict the outcomes of spinal SS. Further, different treatment modalities have been used to treat spinal SS. However, most of the reported cases had poor outcomes. Therefore, prospective multi-center studies are needed to further investigate the treatment strategies and outcomes for patients with spinal SS.
Glioma del nervio óptico en paciente adulto con presentación hemorrágica tratado mediante abordaje endoscópico transesfenoidal extendido
Authors: Rabadán Alejandra T. , Hernández Diego , Varela Analía , Diez Blanca , Rubianes Javier 
Published: August 2020

Introducción:
El glioma del nervio óptico es una entidad de muy baja incidencia en pacientes adultos, lo cual impide tener suficiente información sobre historia natural y conducta terapéutica en este grupo etario.

Presentación del Caso:
En el presente artículo comunicamos el caso de un paciente de 27 años de edad con compromiso agudo del nervio óptico izquierdo debido a hemorragia intra tumoral, forma de presentación muy poco común en este tipo de tumores. Se realizó la resección mediante un abordaje endoscópico transesfenoidal extendido, con preservación funcional de la vía óptica contralateral. La anatomía patológica confirmó astrocitoma pilocítico positivo para el rearreglo KIAA 1549-BRAF. y negativo para la mutación BRAF V600E. Teniendo en cuenta la histopatología y biología molecular en este caso, la estabilidad visual contralateral y la resección quirúrgica amplia, se decidió no realizar tratamiento adyuvante con radioterapia o quimioterapia. El objetivo de esta conducta fue evitar lesiones adicionales sobre el quiasma, nervio óptico contralateral y/o hipotálamo.

Conclusión:
Dada la escasa información existente en la literatura médica, el reporte de este caso podría contribuir con información adicional en el manejo y conducta terapéutica de este tipo de lesiones.
The impact of urgent neurosurgery on the survival of cancer patients
Authors: Telles Joao Paulo Mota , Yamaki Vitor Nagai , Yamashita Renata Gobbato , Solla Davi Jorge Fontoura , Paiva Wellingson Silva , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Neville Iuri Santana 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Patients with cancer are subject to all neurosurgical procedures of the general population, even if they are not directly caused by the tumor or its metastases. We sought to evaluate the impact of urgent neurosurgery on the survival of patients with cancer.

Methods:
We included patients submitted to neurosurgeries not directly related to their tumors in a cancer center from 2009 to 2018. Primary endpoints were mortality in index hospitalization and overall survival.

Results:
We included 410 patients, 144 went through elective procedures, functional (26.4%) and debridement (73.6%) and 276 urgent neurosurgeries were performed: one hundred and sixty-three ventricular shunts (59%), and 113 intracranial hemorrhages (41%). Median age was 56 (IQR = 24), 142 (51.4%) of patients were metastatic, with 101 (36.6%) having brain metastasis. In 82 (33.7%) of the urgent surgeries, the patient died in the same admission. Urgent surgeries were associated with mortality in index hospitalization (OR 3.45, 95% CI 1.93–6.15), as well as non-primary brain tumors (OR 3.13, 95% CI 1.48–6.61). Median survival after urgent surgeries was 102 days, compared to 245 days in the control group (Log rank, P < 0.01). Lower survival probability was associated with metastasis (HR 1.75, 95%CI 1.15–2.66) and urgent surgeries (HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.18–1.89). Within the urgent surgeries alone, metastasis predicted lower survival probability (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.15–2.67).

Conclusion:
Conditions that require urgent neurosurgery in patients with cancer have a very poor prognosis. We present concrete data on the magnitude of several factors that need to be taken into account when deciding whether or not to recommend surgery.
SCALED CELL CARCINOMA TYPE VERRUCOUS INFILTRATED – CASE STUDY
Authors: Chan Gómez Xavier Antonio , Nader Jorge Daher , López Alida Bella Vallejo 
Published: August 2020

Disorders in patients who develop squamous cell carcinoma can lead to severe conditions. The present case study evidences the advance of this pathology in a patient who goes to the medical services when the problem has advanced.
Objective- To describe the case of a patient who underwent surgery to remove a tumor from the vulvar region to prevent it from triggering in severe states.
Method - Surgery of a vulvar tumor, performed on a female patient of 62 years.
Result- Squamous cell carcinoma, infiltrative verrucous type, with dimensions of 7x6 cm, with an invasion depth of 2.7 mm in the central region
Conclusion- This type of pathology should not be allowed to worsen when it occurs, as it deteriorates the quality of life of patients over the years. If it is detected and treated early, complications can be avoided. In the present case, the histopathological diagnosis was epidermoid carcinoma. It is expected that the information collected will be useful to professionals and that it contributes as an alert to detect early health problems in patients.
Movement during focused ultrasound therapy caused by an unstable magnetic resonance table: case report
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuaki , Ito Hisashi , Fukutake Shigeru , Odo Takashi , Kamei Tetsumasa , Yamaguchi Toshio , Taira Takaomi 
Published: August 2020

Transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) therapy is a less invasive form of stereotactic treatment for tremors and other movement disorders. Its stereotactic accuracy is ensured by stability of the stereotactic frame and MR table. The authors report a case wherein the patient’s movement was detected, and the MR images were repeated to continue the treatment.
A 72-year-old man with essential tremor underwent unilateral ventralis intermedius thalamotomy using MRgFUS. The stereotactic frame was correctly fixed to the patient’s skull and the table. During the seventh sonication, the patient pressed the emergency button and vomited several times. Before the eighth sonication, the patient’s movement was detected and was verified on coronal images. The MR images were repeated, and the treatment was successfully completed with significant improvement in the tremors. After treatment, it was discovered that the MR table was laterally unstable due to the absence of ball bearings, which should be present on both sides of the guide rail of the MR table. The ball bearings were attached to the reverse side of the table, and the table was stabilized. Stereotactic accuracy of MRgFUS is not only ensured by rigid fixation of the stereotactic frame, but also by stability of the MR table.
Regional Hypoperfusion Predicts Decline in Everyday Functioning at Three-Year Follow-Up in Older Adults without Dementia
Authors: Sanchez Danielle L. , Thomas Kelsey R. , Edmonds Emily C. , Bondi Mark W. , Bangen Katherine J. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2020

Background: Increasing evidence indicates that cerebrovascular dysfunction may precede cognitive decline in aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) is associated with cognitive impairment in older adults. However, less is known regarding the association between CBF and functional decline, and whether CBF predicts functional decline beyond cerebrovascular and metabolic risk factors. Objective: To examine the association between regional CBF and functional decline in nondemented older adults. Method: One hundred sixty-six (N = 166) participants without dementia from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative underwent neuropsychological testing and neuroimaging. Pulsed arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging was acquired to quantify resting CBF. Everyday functioning was measured using the Functional Assessment Questionnaire at baseline and annual follow-up visit across three years. Results: Adjusting for age, education, sex, cognitive status, depression, white matter hyperintensity volume, cerebral metabolism, and reference (precentral) CBF, linear mixed effects models showed that lower resting CBF at baseline in the medial temporal, inferior temporal, and inferior parietal lobe was significantly associated with accelerated decline in everyday functioning. Results were similar after adjusting for conventional AD biomarkers, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) and apolipoprotein E ( APOE) ɛ4 positivity. Individuals who later converted to dementia had lower resting CBF in the inferior temporal and parietal regions compared to those who did not. Conclusion: Lower resting CBF in AD vulnerable regions including medial temporal, inferior temporal, and inferior parietal lobes predicted faster rates of decline in everyday functioning. CBF has utility as a biomarker in predicting functional declines in everyday life and conversion to dementia.