bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Automated, In-Cockpit Swath Displacement
Authors: Thistle Harold W. , Amos-Binks Lucas , Bonds Jane A. S. , Cormier Gerald A. , Kees Gary J. , Davies David C. , Mickle Robert E. , Reynolds William 
Published: March 2020

HighlightsAutomated swath displacement works well in high drift conditions.System relevance and performance are limited in low drift conditions.Testing against pilot skill without an automated system is necessary.ABSTRACT. A set of spray trials was designed to evaluate the onboard swath displacement feature that is offered as part of some avionic systems and used to aid in targeting aerial spray applications. The trials were flown in Miramichi, New Brunswick, Canada, and were intended to provide basic information on the capabilities of these systems. A total of 32 trials were run, of which 24 provided coverage data that could be used in this evaluation. Two aircraft types were tested, each with distinct avionics systems and automated swath displacement capabilities. Each aircraft was flown with two application setups, resulting in four application scenarios. The systems were generally able to allow the pilot to apply the spray with a swath peak within 5 m of the target line on average, even in high wind conditions. Other relationships that were anticipated in the data, such as a direct correlation between offset distance and targeting accuracy, were not observed. The systems do not appear to add much capability in low drift conditions when not much displacement is expected. It is recognized that a control data set is necessary to evaluate the extent to which the systems improve targeting accuracy. Keywords: Aerial management system, Aerial pesticide application, Drift offset, Precision application, Real-time modeling, Spray deposition, Spray drift, Swath displacement.
The Effects of Tillage Practices on Interrill Erosion in the Red Soil Region of China
Authors: Wang Yi , Cao Longxi 
Published: March 2020

HighlightsConservation practices (straw mulch, manure, peanut-orange intercrop) reduced soil and water loss vs. tillage.Reductions in soil loss were greatest under high rainfall intensity or low soil moisture.Measured interrill erodibility was relatively high in dry run tests and decreased with the final infiltration rate.ABSTRACT.Tillage practices have been adopted extensively to control runoff and soil loss from croplands. To quantify the effects of tillage practices on erosion processes in interrill areas, microplot rainfall simulation experiments were conducted in peanut fields with five tillage practices in the red soil region of China. The results showed that conservation tillage practices, including straw mulch cover (PC), manure fertilizer (PM), and peanut-orange intercropping (PO), could significantly conserve water and reduce soil loss rates by more than 50% compared with traditional furrow (PF) and peanut-radish rotation (PR) treatments. The variations in the hydrologic and soil loss indexes among the treatments were larger in the dry run tests than in the wet run tests. Accordingly, the efficiencies of the conservation practices in reducing soil loss were reflected mainly under a high rainfall intensity or low soil moisture in this study. Additionally, the runoff generation indexes were significantly correlated with the soil loss rate in all five treatments. The measured interrill erodibility was highest in the PR treatment (944,124 kg s-1 m-4) and lowest in the PO and PM treatments (571,797 and 584,238 kg s-1 m-4, respectively), as the organic matter content and aggregate stability were relatively high in the two conservation treatments. Influenced by the dynamics of loose materials and possible surface sealing, the interrill erodibility was relatively high and decreased with the final infiltration rate when measured under the dry run conditions. These results could guide cropland soil management and improve process-based erosion models. Keywords: Interrill erodibility, Interrill erosion, Rainfall simulation, Red soil region, Tillage practices.
Research and application of dual-camera dynamic in-line digital holography using a two-step phase-shifting cepstrum technique
Authors: Pan Yun , Wang Kaifu , Gu Guoqing 
Published: March 2020

Due to limits in the properties of digital cameras, in-line digital holography is commonly used to take full advantage of the sampling space of the camera. To realize the dynamic high-resolution measurement of in-line digital holography, dual-camera dynamic in-line digital holography is proposed. By means of a two-step phase-shifting cepstrum algorithm and a dual-camera parallel phase-shifting recording optical path, the complex amplitude of the object wave can be reconstructed without its zero-order and conjugate terms. Meanwhile, a novel spherical wave interference calibration method is also developed for the dual-camera recording system, and image correction is carried out via rotation, translation, and diffraction, with an average error of phase correction of 0.1107 rad. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed technique is well demonstrated by a practical application of dynamic temperature field measurement in a transparent medium.
Linearized segmentation method for measuring the phase transfer function of a silicon Mach–Zehnder modulator by using the beat-frequency technique
Authors: Chen Honggang , Zhang Bo , Luo Yong , Hu Yi , Xiao Xi , Hu Leilei , Liang Xuerui , Li Feng , Ding Lan 
Published: March 2020

A linearity segmentation method for measuring the phase shift curve of silicon Mach–Zehnder modulators (SMZMs) as a function of applied electric field is presented. Applying a small sinusoidal signal to the traveling-wave electrode of the SMZM, the upper and lower arms of the SMZM produce differential phase modulation effect. Meanwhile, a local oscillator source with a wavelength-adjustable function is employed to heterodyne the intensity modulated optical signal of the SMZM; thus, the modulated intensity signal in the optical field domain is transformed into the low-frequency electric field domain. Meanwhile, a balanced detector with a low-speed transimpedance amplifier is exploited to realize photoelectric conversion, which can suppress the direct-current component and improve the anti-noise ability. Extracting the beat-frequency and first-order harmonic sideband signals in the case of phase bias is 0 and

π

, respectively, the phase shift slopes of the upper and lower arms can be calculated under different reverse PN voltages, and we can achieve the phase shift as a function of the modulation frequency and reverse PN voltage. The proposed method is supported by the simulation and measurement results and the key parameters of the SMZM, such as the radio frequency half-wave voltage, chirp characteristic, 3 dB bandwidth, etc., can be acquired from the phase shift curves of the upper and lower arms.
Full-color micro-LED display with high color stability using semipolar (20-21) InGaN LEDs and quantum-dot photoresist
Authors: Chen Sung-Wen Huang , Huang Yu-Ming , Singh Konthoujam James , Hsu Yu-Chien , Liou Fang-Jyun , Song Jie , Choi Joowon , Lee Po-Tsung , Lin Chien-Chung , Chen Zhong , Han Jung , Wu Tingzhu , Kuo Hao-Chung 
Published: March 2020

Red-green-blue (RGB) full-color micro light-emitting diodes (μ-LEDs) fabricated from semipolar (20-21) wafers, with a quantum-dot photoresist color-conversion layer, were demonstrated. The semipolar (20-21) InGaN/GaN μ-LEDs were fabricated on large (4 in.) patterned sapphire substrates by orientation-controlled epitaxy. The semipolar μ-LEDs showed a 3.2 nm peak wavelength shift and a 14.7% efficiency droop under

200

A
/

cm

2

injected current density, indicating significant amelioration of the quantum-confined Stark effect. Because of the semipolar μ-LEDs’ emission-wavelength stability, the RGB pixel showed little color shift with current density and achieved a wide color gamut (114.4% NTSC space and 85.4% Rec. 2020).
Bio-electronic aggregates on Neon-Paleolitikos strata
Authors: Sier André 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Electronic machinic phenomena yield fascinating links with biological processes. Either in the macro-micro-structure of binary encoded information – bytes on media – to the processual flow programs execute on hardware while operating it. Observing micro-electronic worlds akin to living entities: electronic voltages running throughout electronic architectures pipelining data to memory registers; operating systems executing programs on electronic substrates; data flows taking place in machines and in communications protocols within networks. Static art-sci constructs explore and visualize these observations as 2D drawings (Neon Paleolitikos Drawings, 2017–present) or 3D sculptures (Binary and Biological Sculpture Series, 2018–present), creatively exposing their inherent rhythmic organization of information, while dynamic installations (Phoenix.Wolfanddotcom.info, Wolfanddotcom, Half-Plant, 2017, Ant Ennae Labyrinths, 2019–present) propose immersive interference mechanisms that attempt user entanglement in non-human environments. Seven aesthetic case examples are introduced and explored, observing and seeking resonances between micro-granular electronic, biological and hybrid data as source synthesis. This research proposes a look at bio-electronic aggregates on Neon Paleolitikos strata. After the Anthropocene, Neon Paleolitikos is an imaginary epoch dating since the decline of mankind until the zenith of bio-electronic life forms: operational symbioses combined among ruins of silica, transistors, algorithms, cells, plants, animals and electricity.
Data visualization: A unique storyteller
Authors: Dong Xiaoxu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Science and technology have changed all aspects of our lives, including the mode of narration, from traditional stories to data stories. Storytellers have been integrating visualizations into their narratives. From the case studies of some artworks and our students' works to visualization research, we have found distinct genres of narrative visualization and the education method for university students. We describe the differences between these artworks, together with interactivity and information transmission. Some small experiments and some examples of students' works will be shown to explore the visual narrative. We suggest new design strategies including how to make invisible things visible.
Optimizing sowing time for boosting productivity and nutritional quality of amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) genotypes under Mediterranean climate
Authors: CASINI Paolo , BIANCOFIORE Gherardo 
Published: March 2020

Currently, there is increasing interest in the cultivation of alternative grain crops, such as amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) in Italy. However, few information exist for the most optimal sowing date (SD) of amaranth especially under rainfed conditions. A field-trial was conducted in Tuscany during 2018 to evaluate SD effects on amaranth genotypes (‘Kharkov’ and two new breeding lines coded ‘A-61’ and ‘A67’). The three SD were March 27 (first), April 20 (second), June 4 (third). Only the first and second SD coincided with increasing photoperiod. Cumulative Growing Degree Days (GDD) for ripening were 2282, 1990 and 1480 for the first, second and third SD, respectively. Compared to the first two SD, ground-cover was 20 % less from panicle formation in the third SD, therefore potentially less competitive towards weeds. A-67 was more “palatable” to the incidence of sugar beet flea beetle (Chaenoctema tibialis Illinger) from the earliest stages of growth. In contrast, ‘Kharkov’, was significantly less attacked by the insect over all three SD.‘Kharkov’, demonstrated greater flexibility with stable yields of 1.3 t ha-1 for the first and second SD. In contrast, significant yield reductions (1.5 to 1.2 t ha-1, from the first to second SD, respectively) were evident for both lines of amaranth in response to SD delay. Adverse effects of the third SD, included significant decline in yield, protein content and 1000 seed mass. In conclusion, amaranth, March-April SD may be recommended for obtaining optimal grain yield of amaranth along with making it successful as a viable alternative grain crop under under agro-ecological conditions of Central Italy.
Effect of CES1 and ABCB1 genotypes on the pharmacokinetics and clinical outcomes of dabigatran etexilate in patients with atrial fibrillation and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Sychev Dmitriy , Skripka Alena , Ryzhikova Kristina , Bochkov Pavel , Shevchenko Roman , Krupenin Pavel , Ivashchenko Dmitriy , Kogay Veronika , Listratov Alexander , Krainyaya Arina , Gurinovich Olga , Sokolova Anastasiya , Napalkov Dmitriy , Fomin Viktor 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite the well-studied safety profile of dabigatran, its interactions with genetic polymorphism parameters are poorly understood, especially in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study assessed whether genetic factors can contribute to CKD and alter dabigatran concentration.

Methods
Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stage 3 CKD treated with dabigatran 110 or 150 mg have been included in the study. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the ABCB1 gene (rs1045642 and rs4148738) and CES1 gene (rs2244613). A plasma trough concentration/dose (C/D) ratio was used as a pharmacokinetic index.

Results
A total of 96 patients aged 51–89 years (median age: 75 years) were evaluated. Patients on a reduced regimen of 110 mg twice a day were older (79.8 vs. 67.9, p < 0.0001) and had lower creatinine clearance (49.7 vs. 62.3 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.015). Patients with the rs2244613 CC genotype had lower C/D values (70% reduction in the mean C/D vs. AA genotype, p = 0.001). Linear stepwise regression has shown the CKD epidemiology collaboration to be the only significant predictor of C/D among genetic factors and kidney function characteristics. During the median follow-up of 15 months, there were 15 bleedings in 13 patients.

Conclusions
Polymorphism of CES1 rs2244613 can contribute to the safety of dabigatran in patients with AF and CKD. There was no influence of the aforementioned polymorphisms of ABCB1 on dabigatran trough plasma concentrations and C/D. Kidney function is a mainstay of clinical decision-making on direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dose, and further knowledge should be accumulated on the role of genetic factors.
Cost-Effectiveness and Estimated Health Benefits of Treating Patients with Vitamin D in Pre-Dialysis
Authors: Snyder Sophie , Hollenbeak Christopher S. , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Gitlin Matthew , Ashfaq Akhtar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
The optimal timing of treatment with vitamin D therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), vitamin D insufficiency, and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a pressing question in nephrology with economic and patient outcome implications.

Objective
The objective of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of earlier vitamin D treatment in CKD patients not on dialysis with vitamin D insufficiency and SHPT.

Design
A cost-effectiveness analysis based on a Markov model of CKD progression was developed from the Medicare perspective. The model follows a hypothetical cohort of 1000 Stage 3 or 4 CKD patients over a 5-year time horizon. The intervention was vitamin D therapy initiated in CKD stages 3 or 4 through CKD stage 5/end-stage renal disease (ESRD) versus initiation in CKD stage 5/ESRD only. The outcomes of interest were cardiovascular (CV) events averted, fractures averted, time in CKD stage 5/ESRD, mortality, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and costs associated with clinical events and CKD stage.

Results
Vitamin D treatment in CKD stages 3 and 4 was a dominant strategy when compared to waiting to treat until CKD stage 5/ESRD. Total cost savings associated with treatment during CKD stages 3 and 4, compared to waiting until CKD stage 5/ESRD, was estimated to be $19.9 million. The model estimated that early treatment results in 159 averted CV events, 5 averted fractures, 269 fewer patient-years in CKD stage 5, 41 fewer deaths, and 191 additional QALYs.

Conclusions
Initiating vitamin D therapy in CKD stages 3 or 4 appears to be cost-effective, largely driven by the annual costs of care by CKD stage, CV event costs, and risks of hypercalcemia. Further research demonstrating causal relationships between vitamin D therapy and patient outcomes is needed to inform decision making regarding vitamin D therapy timing.
The crystal structure of 5-nitropicolinic acid monohydrate, C6H6N2O5
Authors: Jia Hua-Li , Wang Xin , Dai Li-Yan , Wang Li-Ke , Ren Xiao-Yue 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
C6H6N2O5, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 13.1766(11) Å, b = 5.1019(4) Å, c = 22.602(2) Å, β = 91.081(3)°, V = 1519.2(2) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0334, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0961, T = 150(2) K.
Probing Nonexponential Decay in Floquet–Bloch Bands
Authors: Cao Alec , Fujiwara Cora J. , Sajjad Roshan , Simmons Ethan Q. , Lindroth Eva , Weld David 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Exponential decay laws describe systems ranging from unstable nuclei to fluorescent molecules, in which the probability of jumping to a lower-energy state in any given time interval is static and history-independent. These decays, involving only a metastable state and fluctuations of the quantum vacuum, are the most fundamental nonequilibrium process and provide a microscopic model for the origins of irreversibility. Despite the fact that the apparently universal exponential decay law has been precisely tested in a variety of physical systems, it is a surprising truth that quantum mechanics requires that spontaneous decay processes have nonexponential time dependence at both very short and very long times. Cold-atom experiments have proven to be powerful probes of fundamental decay processes; in this article, we propose the use of Bose condensates in Floquet–Bloch bands as a probe of long-time nonexponential decay in single isolated emitters. We identify a range of parameters that should enable observation of long-time deviations and experimentally demonstrate a key element of the scheme: tunable decay between quasi-energy bands in a driven optical lattice.
Improvement of Shielding Properties of Cement Paste by Slag Addition from Local Steel Industry
Authors: El-Khayatt A. M. , Al-Rajhi M. A. , Hassan A. T. , Idriss Hajo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The effect of iron slag powder (ISP) obtained from the local steel industry as an effective addition to improve the radiation shielding ability of cement paste was evaluated. Ten cement pastes with different ISP-to-cement ratios, up to 90 % by mass of cement, were prepared. In addition, the compressive strength of the cement paste as a function of slag content was investigated. The γ-ray attenuation measurements were performed by a NaI (Tl) detector at 59.54, 511, 662, 1,173.2 and 1,332.5 keV. The computation of γ-ray attenuation parameters was obtained by the WinXCom program. Both measured and calculated shielding results are in good agreement. The results demonstrate that the addition of slag significantly alters the cement paste density, γ-ray attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), and kerma coefficients (k). Moreover, the neutron shielding of cement paste has been evaluated in terms of the macroscopic removal cross section of the fast neutron (ΣR). In conclusion, it is argued that the incorporation of slag results in a significant improvement in γ-ray shielding ability. In addition, the results showed that the best ISP addition proportion that leads to the best shielding properties is about 60 % (by mass of cement).
Carbide Faceting in Alloy 690: HRTEM Study
Authors: Santra Sumita , Ramana Rao S. V. , Kapoor K. , Srivastava D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Alloy 690 (Unified Numbering System [UNS] No. 6690) in thermally treated (TT) condition is an advanced steam generator tubing material that offers high corrosion resistance with tailored carbide morphology and chromium concentration adjacent to the grain boundary. The morphology of the intergranular carbides was found to have strong dependence on the grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) from an electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) study. The effect of thermal aging on crystallography and faceting of carbides was studied with the aid of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Carbides formed at 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C were structurally consistent with face centered cubic (fcc) M23C6. The orientation relationship of the carbides with grain allowing maximum atomic correspondence was found to be (111)C ‖ (111)M and &lt;110&gt;C ‖ &lt;110&gt;M. HRTEM analysis revealed that the carbides were partially faceted with multiple facet initiation at lower temperature and become fully faceted with fewer stable facets at 800°C. The non-faceted parts of carbides had lattice structure discontinuity from the faceted portion creating new energy interface within the carbides. It is suspected that the growth of carbides, formation of facets, and facet transformation takes place via ledge growth and coalescence. Stable, low-energy faceted interfaces of 800°C remain inactive and hold the carbides firmly, preventing dissolution or dislodging in corrosive environments and thus providing superior corrosion resistance.
Restriction Enzyme Based Enriched L1Hs Sequencing (REBELseq): A Scalable Technique for Detection of Ta Subfamily L1Hs in the Human Genome
Authors: Reiner Benjamin C , Doyle Glenn A , Weller Andrew E , Levinson Rachel N , Namoglu Esin , Pigeon Alicia , Perea Emilie Dávila , Weickert Cynthia Shannon , Turecki Gustavo , Mash Deborah C , Crist Richard C , Berrettini Wade H 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Long interspersed element-1 retrotransposons (LINE-1 or L1) are ∼6 kb mobile DNA elements implicated in the origins of many Mendelian and complex diseases. The actively retrotransposing L1s are mostly limited to the L1 human specific (L1Hs) transcriptional active (Ta) subfamily. In this manuscript, we present REBELseq as a method for the construction of Ta subfamily L1Hs-enriched next-generation sequencing libraries and bioinformatic identification. REBELseq was performed on DNA isolated from NeuN+ neuronal nuclei from postmortem brain samples of 177 individuals and empirically-driven bioinformatic and experimental cutoffs were established. Putative L1Hs insertions passing bioinformatics cutoffs were experimentally validated. REBELseq reliably identified both known and novel Ta subfamily L1Hs insertions distributed throughout the genome. Differences in the proportion of individuals possessing a given reference or non-reference retrotransposon insertion were identified. We conclude that REBELseq is an unbiased, whole genome approach to the amplification and detection of Ta subfamily L1Hs retrotransposons.