bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(Invited) In Vivo Electrochemical Monitoring of Free Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Zhang Meining 
Published: February 2020

Increasing researches have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide is an important neuromodulator in the CNS and the third gasotransmitter joined with nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. It not only protects neurons and gila, and induces hippocampal long-term potential, but also is related to CNS diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. Although there are some methods to determine hydrogen sulfide, the transformation of different forms of sulfide (S2-, HS-, H2S, bound sulfane sulfur et al.) and the chemical instability (easily oxidized) of hydrogen sulfide in physiological conditions render a great challenge to in vivo track accurately of the free hydrogen sulfide in the brain under the physiological condition.
Motivated by this need, we are dedicating to develop in vivo electrochemical method for selective monitoring free hydrogen sulfide in the brain. Based on the specific H2S-induced chemical reaction (i.e. precipitate metals salts), we synthesized an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) probe and developed a reaction-based turn-on ECL sensor to selectively detect extracellular hydrogen sulfide in the microdialysate of rat brain taking advantage of the volatile property of hydrogen sulfide. More recently, we find one electrochemical mechanism that ammineruthenium(III) (Ru(NH3)6
3+) can catalyze the electrochemical oxidation of free sulfide including both forms of HS- and H2S in a neutral solution. Based on our mechanism, we developed one simple and effective method to in vivo track the dynamic of free hydrogen sulfide in the free moving animal, which can’t reach by other developed probes and methods. These methods open a new opportunity and offers a simple and effective platform for investigations of hydrogen sulfide in physiological and pathological processes.
References
[1] Zhang, M.; Yu, P.; Mao, L. Acc. Chem. Res. 2012, 45, 533.
[2] Yue, X.; Zhu, Z.; Zhang, M.; Ye, Z. Anal. Chem. 2015, 87, 1839.
[3] Qiu, W.; Xu, M.; Li, R.; Liu, X.; Zhang, M. Anal. Chem. 2016, 88, 1117.
[4] Li, R.; Liu, X.; Qiu, W.; Zhang, M. Anal. Chem. 2016, 88, 7769.
[5] Liu, X.; Zhang,M.; Xiao,T.; Hao,J.; Li, R.; Mao, L. Anal. Chem.
2016, 88, 7238.
(Invited) Polyelectrolyte-Modified Micropipette As a New Platform for In Vivo Analysis
Authors: Yu Ping 
Published: February 2020

Ion current rectification (ICR) is a physical phenomenon that ion current in one direction is greater than that in the other one, which can be attributed to the uneven transport of anions and cations across a nanostructure or a biological channel. ICR obtained at solid state nanopore and nanochannels has recently attracted much attention due to their potential application in fluidic logic circuits (i.e., iontronics),4-6 nanoionics and biosensors. So far, ICR has been observed and investigated in various systems, including nanopipette, conical polymer pores, conical glass pores, SiN nanochannel and protein channels. However, almost all of the reported system was focused on nanoscale since it is difficult to observe the ICR when the diameter of the pores was larger than 10 times debye lengths. Few papers have extended the ICR to micrometer scale by introducing more asymmetric factors. However, there is no report on the observation of ICR at micrometer scale for polyelectrolyte brush modified pore, although many papers have been published by modifying polyelectrolyte brush onto the inner surface of the na-nopores.
We interestingly found that micrometer scale ICR can be easily obtained at polyimidazolium brush (PimB) modified pipettes, which provides a new platform for cerebral biological molecular monitoring due to its unique property in easily in operation and relatively robust tip. In this abstract, we would like to introduce our recent research on the in vivo application of polyimidazolium-modified micropipette.
(Invited) Cultivation of Rat Nerve Cells on Biodegradable Sheet Made of Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) Thin Film with Micropatterns of Polylysine Containing Laminin Layer
Authors: Nakamura Yuki , Horiuchi Shunpu , Koshinuma Eiki , Imai Satomitsu , Nishioka Yasushiro 
Published: February 2020

Cultivation of Rat Nerve Cells on
Biodegradable sheet made of
Poly
(lactic-co-glycolic acid) thin film with micropatterns of polylysine containing laminin layer

Yuki Nakamura, Shunpu Horiuchi, Eiki Koshinuma, Satomitsu Imai, and Yasushiro Nishioka*

Department of Precision Machinery Engineering, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8501, Japan
Tel & Fax: + 81 – 47 – 469 - 6482
*e-mail: nishioka.yasushiro@nihon-u.ac.jp
In regenerative medicine field of nervous system, a technique to fabricate microstructure of neurons on flexible and biodegradable substrates has attracted attention [1]. On the other hand, we have focused on poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as a candidate for the substrate material. The degradation products of PLGA have been reported to be non-cytotoxic and safely removed from host system via normal metabolic activity. Furthermore, it has also been reported that the hydrolysis reaction speed can be modified through controlling the ratio of lactide to glycolide [2]. The characteristics of degradation and removal in vivoare advantageous for regenerative medicine. Neural cell culture on micropatterns of polylysine containing laminin layer has been reported as a technique enabling selective axonal outgrowth of neurons [3]. In this research, biodegradable neuron culture thin films that enable selective axonal outgrowth of neurons were fabricated using PLGA thin films with micro lactic patterns of polylysine with laminin on them. Micro lactic patterns of polylysine with laminin as narrow as 20 μm in width ware defined by using the micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) technique. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel molds used for MIMIC and stencil sheets used for the microstencil method were fabricated by curing a polyether ether ketone mold, which was fabricated by nanoimprinting. The 100µm thick PLGA thin film was fabricated by diluting the PLGA into acetone (5w/w%), packing the solution into a PDMS mold, drawing a vacuum, baking and then cooling it down to cure. The selective growth of neurons on the culture sheet with the micropatterns were confirmed.
References
[1] Y. Inada, et al. "Surgical relief of causalgia with an artificial nerve guide tube: Successful surgical treatment of causalgia (Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type II) by in situ tissue engineering with a polyglycolic acid-collagen tube." Pain 117.3: 251-258, (2005).
[2] H. K. Makadia, et al. "Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) as Biodegradable Controlled Drug Delivery Carrier" Polymers 2011, 3: 1377-1397, (2011).
[3] L. Kam, et al. "Axonal outgrowth of hippocampal neurons on micro-scale networks of polylysine-conjugated laminin." Biomaterials 22.10: 1049-1054, (2001).
Label-Free and Highly Sensitive Detection of Buckwheat 16kD Allergenic Protein with Field Effect Transistor (FET) Sensor and Immunochromatography Strip
Authors: Harada Yoshitaka , Tsuna Mika , Hideshima Sho , Saito Mai , Kuroiwa Shigeki , Nakanishi Takuya , Osaka Tetsuya 
Published: February 2020

A field effect transistor (FET) sensor detects the change in charge generated by binding of a specific target molecule to the sensor. This simple mechanism allows label-free rapid detection. However, the sensitivity of detection depends on the net charge of the targeted molecule. Buckwheat 2S albumin (BWp16), which is one of the major allergens of buckwheat, constitutes an analyte of buckwheat in food, but its small net charge limits its sensitivity to a FET sensor. We show here that pretreatment of BWp16 with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) increases the net charge of this analyte and increases sensitivity to 1 ng/ml of BWp16 using a FET sensor. Our results suggest a FET sensor is applicable to food safety management. We also developed an immunochromatography assay strip for convenient and rapid detection of BWp16 to a lower limit of 5 ng/ml.
Food Allergen Labeling Regulations in Japan require mandatory labeling of seven allergens in foods at 10 µg/g or more, including buckwheat proteins. Allergenic contamination of food is usually monitored using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay (ELISA), which requires multiple handling steps, an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody, and optical equipment for quantification. In contrast, a FET sensor and an immunochromatography assay strip are potential assay tools without those drawbacks due to their direct sensing mechanism.
In this study, we propose a FET sensor and an immunochromatography assay strip be devised for detection of buckwheat protein. Here we attempt to improve the sensitivity of a FET sensor for buckwheat protein BWp16 by increasing the net charge of its molecules.
BWp16 was determined specifically using a FET sensor. The response of the FET sensor was improved markedly by pretreatment of recombinant BWp16 (rBWp16) with SDS. The response of the FET sensor was correlated positively with the concentration of rBWp16 down to a detection limit below1 ng/ml.
The charge number of BWp16 calculated from its molecular weight (15,106 Da) and isoelectric point (pH 5.25) was small (−3.67/molecule) at the sensing condition of pH 7.4 used with the FET sensor. After the pretreatment with SDS, BWp16 was covered with enough negative charge to increase sensitivity to approximately 10 ng of buckwheat proteins/g of food material.
We devised an immunochromatography assay strip and tested the strip on 40 food samples. The assay strip gave a lower limit of detection below 5ng/ml of BWp16.
SDS pretreatment of BWp16 protein from buckwheat increased its sensitivity to detection with a FET sensor nearly 1000-fold. This simple charge-amplification technique can increase the sensitivity of a FET sensor to a targeted protein that would ordinarily carry a small net charge.
Both a FET sensor and an immunochromatography assay strip achieved highly sensitive and specific detection of buckwheat protein.
Exploration of ISE Sensor Embedded in Garden Weed Block Fabric for Continuous Soil Nitrate Sensing
Authors: Burton Lamar Kendrell , Manickam Pandiaraj , Bhansali Shekhar 
Published: February 2020

The objective of this research was to explore novel sensing apparatus for quantifying spatial variation of leached nitrate in soil as well as serve as a method for site specific crop management. There is a need to develop sensors that can more accurately and successfully facilitate site specific soil management for monitoring nutrients and pollutants. The dominantly used sensing methods, both in field and in lab, can require lengthy time when analyzing samples and are costly. Therefore, the objective of this research was to develop a sensor on a water permeable weed barrier fabric used in garden bed soil to allow continuous monitoring of nitrate levels. An electrically conductive fabric material was prepared by applying conductive coatings onto the porous material. Nitrate doped polypyrrole (PPy(NO3
-)) electrodes were used as sensing membranes and proved to have high selectivity towards nitrate ions. The electropolymerization protocols and thickness of the polymer layer were optimized (monomer concentration, deposition time, and scan rate) to synthesize the ion selective electrode (ISE) for nitrate determination. The ISE sensor provides a wide dynamic range from 0.008 mg/L to 849.9 mg/L for nitrate ions in real soil solution samples. Overall, the sensing apparatus proves to successfully detect nitrate ions in soil, sand, and solution.
Highly Deformable Energy Storage Device with Invereted Endoskeletal Construction
Authors: Park Jongseok , Nam Inho , Park Soomin , Bae Seongjun , Yoo Young Geun , Jerng Sung Eun , Umh Ha Nee , Yi Jongheop 
Published: February 2020

According to the Dollo’s law, biological evolution that authorize a species new functions, simultaneously create a mechanical or physiological limitations. This perspective has been also applicable to technological innovation, and energy storage systems have seemed to strictly obey the rules.
Rigid external passive structures have been thought to be essential for the conventional energy storage systems, because packaging with robust wearing maintain the structure of a device and minimize damages that are caused by impacts from external forces and the environment. However, these advantageous characteristics of conventional device packaging results in critical limitations for further innovation of energy storage systems, such as (1) low degree of deformation, (2) scalability of device unit and (3) thermal and pressure controllability.
As the vertebrates blazed a trail in the biological evolution with endoskeleton frame, we propose a novel construction of energy storage device with an analogy to bio-systems. Reverse stacking to fabricate endoskeletal frame would allow energy storage devices deformable and consequently applicable to diverse electronics with generosity.
Electric Double Layer Capacitor Burn-in Procedure Optimization
Authors: Miller John R. , Butler Sue M. , Antloga Mirko , Segel Becca , Savinell Robert F 
Published: February 2020

Charge storage in a carbon-electrode electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) occurs primarily via physical processes. Nevertheless, some charge is also stored via chemical processes, at least initially, which is due to active groups usually present on the surface of a fresh carbon electrode. Fundamentally, chemical charge storage processes are not as reversible as physical processes and they fade relatively quickly, usually after tens of hours on charge at elevated temperature or after a few tens of charge-discharge cycles. Importantly, charge storage irreversibility often generates gas that swells the EDLC package and eventually causes it to rupture. Physical processes, on the other hand, are highly reversible and typically provide reliable charge storage for thousands of hours and millions of charge/discharge cycles. The approach used to initially charge the capacitor may help to deactivate functional groups on an electrode’s surface and thus reduce its gas generation.
Electrolyte decomposition can also generate gas. In a carbon-electrode EDLC, decomposition is expected to be concentrated on the sharp points in an electrode where the electric field strength is highest. On a new electrode, the application of high voltage for short times (the “burn-in”) may help erode such points and thus reduce the electric field strength, which in this case is the driving force for gas generation. Then burn-in details could help to reduce gas generation and increase capacitor life.
Our study examines capacitor life as a function of the burn-in procedure. Groups of sealed EDLCs were fabricated in the Case Western Reserve University’s Electrochemical Capacitor Prototyping Laboratory (http://energy.case.edu/CECFF). A two-factor experimental design was used to assign the burn-in conditions for each of the nine groups, the factors being “applied voltage” and “voltage application time”. After burn-in, each group was aged at 65oC, 2.7 V to measure its life. Responses measured during aging included the standard electrical parameters reported for EDLCs and the gas generation rate. EDLC life was analyzed using actual or defined failures, for example, package rupture caused by pressure build-up due to generated gas or 30% fade in capacitance. Weibull life distributions were derived for each group. Results from this study are presented with burn-in optimization details.
An Energy-Power Balancing Act: Balancing the High Capacity and Rate of LiMn2O4-Carbon Nanofoam Cathodes with Solution-Processable Conducting Polymer Anodes
Authors: Sassin Megan B. , Ӧsterholm Anna , Ponder James , Reynolds John R , Long Jeffrey W. 
Published: February 2020

As the energy and power demands of current and next-generation devices continually strain the capabilities of present power sources, there is a push to develop materials with high capacity and electrode architectures to facilitate delivering that capacity at high rates. En route to addressing this energy/power issue, we have shown that with the appropriate ultraporous electrode architecture, it is possible to extract full theoretical capacity from LiMn2O4, a nominal battery material, in as little as 18 seconds.[i] While representing a significant advancement at the single-electrode level, the implementation of these advanced electrode materials in practical devices has been hampered by the lack of suitable negative electrode materials with sufficient capacity to balance that of the LiMn2O4. A conducting polymer-based negative electrode would be ideal to pair with the LiMn2O4 in terms rate capability, but issues with solution processability have typically limited these materials to thin film-based electrodes, which will not provide adequate capacity for the LiMn2O4. Recently, the Reynolds group at Georgia Tech has developed synthetic protocols to overcome this roadblock for ProDOT-biEDOT-based polymers.[ii],[iii] This advancement makes it possible to incorporate such conducting polymers as thin, conformal coatings on the interior and exterior surfaces of conductive, porous carbon nanofoam-based electrodes. The nanoscale nature of the coating coupled with the intrinsically fast charge-discharge of the polymer supports high rate and the 3D projection of the conducting polymer via the macroscopically-thick carbon nanofoam provides high area-normalized capacitance to balance that of the LiMn2O4.

[i]. Sassin, M.B., Long, J.W., Greenbaum, S.G., Stallworth, P.E., Mansour, A.N., Hahn, B.P., and Pettigrew, K.A., “Achieving electrochemical capacitor functionality from a traditional battery material: Conformal, nanoscale LiMn2O4 coatings on 3-D, device-ready carbon nanoarchitectures,” J. Mater. Chem. 1, 2431 (2013).
[ii]. Ponder Jr., J. F.; Österholm, A. M.; Reynolds, J. R. “Designing a Soluble PEDOT Analogue without Surfactants or Dispersants,” Macromolecules
49, 2106 (2016).
[iii]. Österholm, A. M.; Ponder Jr., J. F.; Kerszulis, J. A.; Reynolds, J. R., “Solution Processed PEDOT Analogues in Electrochemical Supercapacitors,” ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces
8, 13492 (2016).
Hybrid Electrodes of Conducting Polymers and Two-Dimensional Ti3C2 (MXene) for Li and Na Ion Storage
Authors: VahidMohammadi Armin , Beidaghi Majid 
Published: February 2020

High-rate lithium and sodium storage devices that can deliver energy densities considerably higher than those of conventional aqueous or non-aqueous electrochemical capacitors have recently received considerable attention [1]. Li-ion capacitors (LICs) and sodium-ion capacitors (NACs) can combine the high-energy density of batteries and with a high-power density of supercapacitor by utilizing electrode materials that are capable of fast intercalation of Li+ and Na+ [1-4]. 2D transition metal carbides and/or carbonitrides called MXenes are a new family of 2D materials that are produced by selective etching and liquid exfoliation of MAX phases, a large group of ternary carbides and/or nitrides, where M is an early transition metal, A is a group A element and X is carbon and/or nitrogen [5]. Two-dimensional (2D) Ti3C2, which is produced by selective removal of Al atoms from Ti3AlC2 MAX phase, is the most studied MXene material which presents an excellent volumetric capacitance of around 900 F cm-1 in some aqueous electrolytes [5]. However, like other 2D materials, Ti3C2 shows much lower capacitance in Li and Na ion containing organic electrolytes mainly due to the restacking of Ti3C2 sheets that decrease the accessibility of Li+ and Na+ ions to the electrode surface, thus hindering the redox reactions at the surface of the electrodes. Herein, we address this issue by reporting freestanding hybrid electrodes of Ti3C2 and polyaniline (PANI) synthesized by oxidant-free polymerization of aniline monomers on the surface of individual MXene sheets. The results show that a few-nanometer-thick PANI coating on the surface of single layer MXene sheets increases the layer spacing of the freestanding electrodes. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman analysis confirmed the formation of PANI thin films on the surface of Ti3C2 nanosheets. The conducting and electrochemically active PANI also contribute to the overall capacity of the electrodes, resulting in specific capacities as high as 200 Fg-1 when tested as an LIC electrode. The PANI/Ti3C2 electrodes were also investigated as anode material for both Li-ion and Na-ion batteries and showed highly improved capacities compared to bare Ti3C2 electrodes.

Keywords: Ti3C2, MXene, 2D materials, Lithium capacitor, Batteries

References

1. A. Byeon et al., J. Power Sources. 326, 686-694 (2016).
2. C. E. Ren et al., ChemElectroChem. 3, 689-693 (2016).
3. X. Xie et al., Nano Energy26, 513-523 (2016).
4. J. Luo et al., ACS Nano11 (3), 2459-2460 (2017).
5. B. Anasori, M. R. Lukatskaya, Y. Gogotsi, Nat. Rev. Mater. 2, 16098 (2017).
Tracking Electrochemical Double Layer Effects Modulated By the Solvent Composition in Lithium Ion Batteries: A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Investigation
Authors: El kharbachi Abdel , Thangavel Vigneshwaran , Nguyen Trong-Khoa , Xue Kan-Hao , Quiroga Matias , Franco Alejandro A. , Larcher Dominique 
Published: February 2020

The study of the response of Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs) to fast transient power solicitations is a crucial topic which may depend on the specificity of each application. In fact, LIBs can be present in different connection-configurations and their response performances will depend on the nature of the electrical engines, high dynamics power regulators and other electrochemical systems devoted to battery recharging [1]. One of the key aspects in the resulting transient response of LIBs is the ionic transport phenomena taking place at the interface between the liquid electrolyte and the solid active material (electrochemical double layer –EDL– region) [2]. However, characterization of the capacitive interfaces, as well as dynamic properties, as function of the electrolyte composition in Li-ion batteries remains a challenge owing to the change in the electrode/electrolyte environment from one cell component to another.
In this work, we present an investigation, combining experimental and computational modeling approaches, of the electrolyte/active material interfaces with focus on the EDL using LiFePO4 as a model electrode. In particular, the aim is to track the effect of the electrolyte solvent composition on the transient electrochemical behavior of the electrodes. A successful Swagelok® type setup probing interface liquid modifications is adapted for that purpose, in which the change of the solvent is made in-situ without cell disassembling. Such experimental cell allows the capture on how the electrolyte composition can affect the electrode potential dynamics. Coupling experimental results to computational modelling is addressed first for binary carbonate-based solvents (EC/DMC) with emphasize on the stability of the measurements using impedance spectroscopy. Mechanistic insights on the EDL structure and dynamics are also provided and discussed for ternary systems (EC/PC/DMC).

Acknowledgements

This work is funded by the French National Research Agency (ANR) through the project “ALIBABA” under the contract reference ANR-11-PRGE-0002.

References

[1] N. Legrand, S. Raël, B. Knosp, et al., J
.
Power Sources251, 370 (2014).
[2] M.A. Quiroga, K.H. Xue, T.K. Nguyen, M. Tułodziecki, H. Huang, A.A. Franco, Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 161(8), E3302 (2014).

Figure 1