bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectral Variability of VHS J1256–1257b from 1 to 5 μm
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Bowler Brendan P. , Morley Caroline V. , Apai Dániel , Kataria Tiffany , Bryan Marta L. , Benneke Björn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Multiwavelength time-resolved observations of rotationally modulated variability from brown dwarfs and giant exoplanets are the most effective method for constraining their heterogeneous atmospheric structures. In a companion paper, we reported the discovery of strong near-infrared variability in HST/WFC3/G141 light curves of the very red L-dwarf companion VHS J1256–1257b. In this paper, we present a follow-up 36 hr Spitzer/IRAC Channel 2 light curve together with an in-depth analysis of the Hubble space telescope (HST) and the Spitzer data. The combined data set provides time-resolved light curves of VHS1256b sampling 1.1 to 4.5 μm. The Spitzer light curve is best fit with a single sine wave with a period of 22.04 ± 0.05 hr and a peak-to-peak amplitude of 5.76 ± 0.04%. Combining the period with a previously measured projected rotational velocity (

), we find that VHS1256b is most consistent with equatorial viewing geometry. The HST/G141+Spitzer spectral energy distribution favors a model with a

of 1000 K and low surface gravity with disequilibrium chemistry. The spectral variability of VHS1256b is consistent with predictions from partly cloudy models, suggesting that heterogeneous clouds are the dominant source of the observed modulations. We find evidence at the 3.3σ level for amplitude variations within the 1.67 μm CH4 band, which is the first such detection for a variable L-dwarf. We compare the HST/G141 time-resolved spectra of three red L-dwarfs with high-amplitude near-infrared rotational modulations and find that although their time-averaged spectra are similar, their spectroscopic variabilities exhibit notable differences. This diversity reinforces the advantage of time-resolved spectroscopic observations for understanding the atmospheres of brown dwarfs and directly imaged exoplanets.
Revisiting the Sołtan Argument Based on a Semianalytical Model for Galaxy and Black Hole Evolution
Authors: Shirakata Hikari , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Okamoto Takashi , Nagashima Masahiro , Oogi Taira 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We show the significance of the super-Eddington accretion for the cosmic growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with a semianalytical model for galaxy and black hole evolution. The model explains various observed properties of galaxies and active galactic nuclei at a wide redshift range. By tracing the growth history of individual SMBHs, we find that the fraction of the SMBH mass acquired during the super-Eddington accretion phases to the total SMBH mass becomes larger for less massive black holes and at higher redshift. Even at z ∼ 0, SMBHs with

have acquired more than 50% of their mass by super-Eddington accretions, which is apparently inconsistent with the classical Sołtan argument. However, the mass-weighted radiation efficiency of SMBHs with

obtained with our model, is about 0.08 at z ∼ 0, which is consistent with Sołtan’s argument within the observational uncertainties. We, therefore, conclude that Sołtan’s argument cannot reject the possibility that SMBHs are grown mainly by super-Eddington accretions.
Intrinsic Properties of the Engine and Jet that Powered the Short Gamma-Ray Burst Associated with GW170817
Authors: Lazzati Davide , Ciolfi Riccardo , Perna Rosalba 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
GRB 170817A was a subluminous short gamma-ray burst detected about 1.74 s after the gravitational wave signal GW170817 from a binary neutron star (BNS) merger. It is now understood as an off-axis event powered by the cocoon of a relativistic jet pointing 15°–30° away from the direction of observation. The cocoon was energized by the interaction of the incipient jet with the non-relativistic baryon wind from the merger remnant, resulting in a structured outflow with a narrow core and broad wings. In this paper, we couple the observational constraints on the structured outflow with a model for the jet–wind interaction to constrain the intrinsic properties with which the jet was launched by the central engine, including its time delay from the merger event. Using wind prescriptions inspired by magnetized BNS merger simulations, we find that the jet was launched within about 0.4 s from the merger, implying that the 1.74 s observed delay was dominated by the fireball propagation up to the photospheric radius. We also constrain, for the first time for any gamma-ray burst, the jet opening angle at injection and set a lower limit to its asymptotic Lorentz factor. These findings suggest an initially Poynting-flux dominated jet, launched via electromagnetic processes. If the jet was powered by an accreting black hole, they also provide a significant constraint on the survival time of the metastable neutron star remnant.
Abundances in the Milky Way across Five Nucleosynthetic Channels from 4 Million LAMOST Stars
Authors: Wheeler Adam , Ness Melissa , Buder Sven , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Silva Gayandhi De , Hayden Michael , Kos Janez , Lewis Geraint F. , Martell Sarah , Sharma Sanjib , Simpson Jeffrey D. , Zucker D. B. , Zwitter Tomaž 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Large stellar surveys are revealing the chemodynamical structure of the Galaxy across a vast spatial extent. However, the many millions of low-resolution spectra observed to date are yet to be fully exploited. We employ The Cannon, a data-driven approach for estimating chemical abundances, to obtain detailed abundances from low-resolution (R = 1800) LAMOST spectra, using the GALAH survey as our reference. We deliver five (for dwarfs) or six (for giants) estimated abundances representing five different nucleosynthetic channels, for 3.9 million stars, to a precision of 0.05–0.23 dex. Using wide binary pairs, we demonstrate that our abundance estimates provide chemical discriminating power beyond metallicity alone. We show the coverage of our catalog with radial, azimuthal and dynamical abundance maps and examine the neutron capture abundances across the disk and halo, which indicate different origins for the in situ and accreted halo populations. LAMOST has near-complete Gaia coverage and provides an unprecedented perspective on chemistry across the Milky Way.
Multiband GPI Imaging of the HR 4796A Debris Disk
Authors: Chen Christine , Mazoyer Johan , Poteet Charles A. , Ren Bin , Duchêne Gaspard , Hom Justin , Arriaga Pauline , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Arnold Jessica , Bailey Vanessa P. , Bruzzone Juan Sebastián , Chilcote Jeffrey , Choquet Élodie , De Rosa Robert J. , Draper Zachary H. , Esposito Thomas M. , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Follette Katherine B. , Hibon Pascale , Hines Dean C. , Kalas Paul , Marchis Franck , Matthews Brenda , Milli Julien , Patience Jennifer , Perrin Marshall D. , Pueyo Laurent , Rajan Abhijith , Rantakyrö Fredrik T. , Rodigas Timothy J. , Roudier Gael M. , Schneider Glenn , Soummer Rémi , Stark Christopher , Wang Jason J. , Ward-Duong Kimberly , Weinberger Alycia J. , Wilner David J. , Wolff Schuyler 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We have obtained Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) J-, H-, K1-, and K2-Spec observations of the iconic debris ring around the young, main-sequence star HR 4796A. We applied several point-spread function (PSF) subtraction techniques to the observations (Mask-and-Interpolate, RDI-NMF, RDI-KLIP, and ADI-KLIP) to measure the geometric parameters and the scattering phase function for the disk. To understand the systematic errors associated with PSF subtraction, we also forward-modeled the observations using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo framework and a simple model for the disk. We found that measurements of the disk geometric parameters were robust, with all of our analyses yielding consistent results; however, measurements of the scattering phase function were challenging to reconstruct from PSF-subtracted images, despite extensive testing. As a result, we estimated the scattering phase function using disk modeling. We searched for a dependence of the scattering phase function with respect to the GPI filters but found none. We compared the H-band scattering phase function with that measured by Hubble Space Telescope STIS at visual wavelengths and discovered a blue color at small scattering angles and a red color at large scattering angles, consistent with predictions and laboratory measurements of large grains. Finally, we successfully modeled the SPHERE H2 HR 4796A scattered phase function using a distribution of hollow spheres composed of silicates, carbon, and metallic iron.
L’image du palmier face aux changements globaux. Une victime de la mondialisation
Authors: Melay Alexandre 
Published: July 2020

Face aux bouleversements environnementaux majeurs, l’espace urbain devient le témoin de « changements globaux ». À Los Angeles, les palmiers sont les représentants de l’obsolescence programmée des environnements, proches et lointains, géographiques et temporels ; participant à l’uniformité et au formatage des paysages urbains, ainsi qu’au climat réchauffé de la planète. Longtemps, symbole floral d’un paradis tropical, l’image du palmier sur laquelle se projetaient des notions utopiques d’un monde nouveau semble être devenue une ruine des temps postmodernes. Figure de la mondialisation, le palmier ressemble à une victime anodine et agonisante du monde contemporain.
Document similarity
Authors: Huitfeldt Claus , Sperberg-McQueen C. M. 
Published: July 2020

In recent years, development of tools and methods for measuring document similarity has become a thriving field in informatics, computer science, and digital humanities.
Historically, questions of document similarity have been (and still are) important or even crucial in a large variety of situations. Typically, similarity is judged by criteria which depend on context.
The move from traditional to digital text technology has not only provided new possibilities for discovery and measurement of document similarity, it has also posed new challenges. Some of these challenges are technical, others conceptual.
This paper argues that a particular, well-established, traditional way of starting with an arbitrary document and constructing a document similar to it, namely transcription, may fruitfully be brought to bear on questions concerning similarity criteria for digital documents. Some simple similarity measures are presented and their application to marked up documents are discussed. We conclude that when documents are encoded in the same vocabulary, n-grams constructed to include markup can be used to recognize structural similarities between documents.
PENGARUH METODE PEMBELAJARAN SUGESTI IMAJINASI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS PUISI SISWA KELAS X SMA NEGERI 48 JAKARTA
Authors: Nur Amalia  , Nur Aini Puspita Sari  , Rida Tania Noviani  
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of learning outcomes in writing poetry using imagination suggestion learning methods in class X students of SMA 48 Jakarta in the second semester of the academic year 2018-2019. The research method used is a quantitative research method with a research design Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The sample used is Simple Random Sampling. In this study using two classes, namely the control class and the experimental class. The instrument used was a test of the ability to write poetry. Test the normality of the test results (posttest) using the liliefors test. In the experimental class obtained Lcount = 0.13 <0.15 = Ltable at a significant level of 0.05 and the control class Lcount = 0.14 <0.15 = Ltable at a significant level of 0.05. In both of these samples it turns out Lcount <LtablE, it can be concluded that the two samples are normally distributed. The homogeneity test of the test results using the fisher test, obtained Fcount = 1.31 <1.76 = Ftable, it turns out Fcount <Ftable then it can be concluded that the sample is homogeneous. Furthermore, hypothesis testing using t-test obtained tcount = 7.14> 1.67 = ttable at a significant level of 0.05 turns out tcount > ttable then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. That is, there is a significant influence by using the imagination suggestion learning methods on the ability to write poetry of class X students of SMA 48 Jakarta.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh hasil belajar menulis puisi dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran sugesti imajinasi pada siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 48 Jakarta pada semester 2 tahun ajaran 2018-2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Sampel yang digunakan adalah Simple Random Sampling. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan dua kelas, yaitu kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan menulis puisi. Uji normalitas hasil tes (postes) menggunakan uji liliefors. Pada kelas eksperimen diperoleh Lhitung = 0,13 < 0,15 = Ltabel pada taraf signifikan 0,05 dan kelas kontrol Lhitung = 0,14 < 0,15 = Ltabel pada taraf signifikan 0,05. Pada kedua sampel tersebut ternyata Lhitung< Ltabel, maka dapat disimpulkan kedua sampel tersebut berdistribusi normal. Uji homogenitas hasil tes menggunakan uji fisher, diperoleh Fhitung = 1,31 < 1,76 = Ftabel, ternyata Fhitung < Ftabel maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampel berhomogen. Selanjutnya, uji hipotesis menggunakan uji-t diperoleh thitung = 7,14 > 1,67 = ttabel pada taraf signifikan 0,05 ternyata thitung > ttabel maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Artinya, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran sugesti imajinasi terhadap kemampuan menulis puisi siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 48 Jakarta.
Kata Kunci: Sugesti Imajinasi, Menulis, Puisi
PENINGKATAN PROSES PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS PROPOSAL PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMA MUHAMMADIYAH 1 KARANGANYAR MELALUI NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER
Authors: Muhammad Zikri Wiguna  
Published: July 2020

The aims of this study are to improve: the quality of students’ learning in writing proposal at Grades XI SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Karanganyar through implementing Numbered Head Together model. This study is a classroom action research. The research was conducted in three cycles. Each consisted of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The Subjects of this research were the students of ICT Grades XI SMA Muhammadiyah I Karanganyar and an Indonesian Language teacher. The data sources were collected from the teacher, the students, the activities of teaching learning proces, and the documents. The techniques of collecting data were observation, interview, and test. The data were analyzed by using critical analysis and descriptive comparative analysis. The results showed that the use of model learning can improve the quality of process learning to write proposals. Based on the analysis of data, the quality of the learning process of writing a proposal covers activeness, attention, and independence of students achieving a total score of 186 on the first cycle with 7.2 of average. In the second cycle reached 267 with an average of 10.27, and the third cycle reached 295 with an average of 11.27.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan: kualitas pembelajaran siswa dalam menulis proposal di Kelas XI SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Karanganyar melalui penerapan model Numbered Head Together. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam tiga siklus. Masing-masing terdiri dari perencanaan, implementasi, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X TIK SMA Muhammadiyah I Karanganyar dan guru Bahasa Indonesia. Sumber data dikumpulkan dari guru, siswa, kegiatan proses belajar mengajar, dan dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis kritis dan analisis komparatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses pembelajaran menulis proposal. Berdasarkan analisis data, kualitas proses pembelajaran menulis proposal meliputi keaktifan, perhatian, dan kemandirian siswa mencapai skor total 186 pada siklus pertama dengan rata-rata 7,2. Pada siklus kedua mencapai 267 dengan rata-rata 10,27, dan siklus ketiga mencapai 295 dengan rata-rata 11,27.
Kata Kunci : Menulis Proposal, Kualitas Pembelajaran, Numbered Head Together
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TINDAK PIDANA PUNGUTAN LIAR YANG DILAKUKAN DESA ADAT DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PROGRESIF
Authors: Ni Luh Sri Mahendra Dewi  
Published: July 2020

Since the issuance of Presidential Regulation No. 87 of 2016 concerning the Clean Sweep Task Force (Satgas Saber Pungli), several times law enforcement officers have arrested the officers of the Adat Village who have levied in their territories. These levies are carried out based on the awig-awig and/perarem applicable in the Customary Village, but in the perspective of the Pungli Saber Task Force, these levies are qualified as criminal acts of illegal levies. The law enforcement action creates unrest and raises polemics within the community, so it is important to be investigated. This study aims to identify and analyze two problems, namely (1) regarding the efforts made by law enforcers on acts of illegal fees carried out by Adat Village; and (2) the need for progressive law enforcement against illegal acts of crime committed by Desa Adat.
The above problems were examined using normative legal research methods, with a legal approach and conceptual approach. The materials used in this study include legal materials (primary legal materials and secondary legal materials) and non-legal materials, which are collected through literature search techniques in libraries and the internet. The materials that have been found are then read and recorded. After the relevant research materials are collected, they are then processed and analyzed by reasoning techniques and legal arguments, such as legal construction techniques and legal interpretation. The overall results and discussion of this study are presented descriptively.
The results of the study show the following conclusions. First, the legal efforts taken by law enforcers against illegal acts of crime committed by Desa Adat are to enforce procedural law with an orientation that emphasizes the provision that anyone who levies outside the statutory provisions qualifies as illegal levies, so that it must be processed law. Second, law enforcers need to implement progressive law enforcement in dealing with illegal acts of crime committed by Desa Adat in order to provide substantive justice to the Desa Adat who carry out levies based on the adat village perarem.
Keywords: Customary Village, Illegal Levies, Progressive Law Enforcement.
The Dnipropetrovsk “Vsesvitnyks” of the Later Soviet Time in the Memoirs of Serhii Plohii
Authors: Venher A. 
Published: July 2020

The development of national historical science attracts the attention of modern researchers as the study of “roots” allows to understand the current state of affairs in historical science. The study of individual corporations of historians in the areas of their research gives the opportunity to trace the internal state of things in national and world historical science. These studies can be carried due to the involvement and synthesis of a wide range of sources. The study of the corporation of Ukrainian Soviet historians opens additional perspectives to the researcher in expanding the source base. Namely, to promote the creation of new sources - memories. This publication presents the memoirs of the workshop of Dnipropetrovsk vsesvitnyks of the Ukrainian-American historian Serhii Plohii. In the Dnipropetrovsk period of life, the historian was part of it and headed it for some time. Memoirs that are introduced to the scientific circulation are written by the author from several perspectives: the student and the employee, and the third, the autobiographical, which goes through these two perspectives.
Serhii Plokhii explains, from the perspective of the student, why he had chosen the department of world history to specialize in, characterizes the relations with his research supervisor Yuriy Mytsyk, and defines how his scientific carrier was influenced by Yakiv Rubin, the head of the department of world history in 1940-1950s. S. Plokhii characterizes the lecturers of the department, particularly the professor Vasyl` Syrotenko. From the perspective of the colleague, Plokhii describes the relations within the scientific community of the department, especially between different generations of lecturers. He characterizes his scientific interests and experience of being lecturer and administrator. Plokhii describes how the new research trend of the department of world history – history of the German Diaspora – emerged, and speaks about the start of PhD research in this field. Plokhii also defined the reasons why he had to abandon the Dnipropetrovsk University and started the academic career abroad.
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and microneedling (radiofrequency) in the treatment of atrophic acne scars
Authors: Al-aajem Burooj Mohammed Razooqi , Alkayally Khudhair Khalaf , Alkayally Aya Khudhair Khalaf 
Published: July 2020

Background: Acne Vulgaris is a self-limiting, chronic skin lesion, which may heal with squally of different types of scars (ice pitted, boxcar, rolling, and keloid). Different options used to deal with scars such as laser dermabrasion, surgical excision, and chemical peeling. This study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of using a combination of radiofrequency (RF) microneedling and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in managing the atrophic acne scars among a sample of Iraqi patients.
Method: An interventional study conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 at a private dermatological clinic in Kalar City, Al-Sulaymmania Province, Iraq. Patients with the atrophic scar and willing to participate are adequately assessed and treated by RF and PRP. A different number of sessions of therapy used, and patients followed for three months after the last meeting.
Results: Thirty-one patients were involved in the study. The majority of them (27, 87.0%) were females with a mean age of 26.41±8 years. Twenty patients (64.5%) had opened mouth (boxcar and rolling) scars, and eleven (35.5%) had ice pitted scars. Ten patients (32.25%) showed an excellent response to RF and PRP therapy with two grades improvement, fifteen patients (48.38%) showed good response with one-grade improvement and six patients (19.6%) showed poor response without improvement in grades, (all of them of ice pitted scars). There was a direct relationship between the number of sessions and the response to therapy. Three patients developed folliculitis at sits of puncturing with the isolation of staphylococcus auras bacteria, which cleared by topical and systemic antibiotics.
Conclusions: Although ice pitted scars showed an inadequate response to therapy, however, the reaction of the boxcar and rolling scars to RF and PRP was excellent, indicating that combination procedure is a safe, efficient and satisfactory option for the treatment of atrophic acne scars.