bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Complex Fistula in Ana with Fistulotomy and Stage Procedure
Authors: Masum MNH , Yazdani A , Masum M , Biswas MS , Bhuiyan MA , Saha Haridas 
Published: March 2020

Background: Complex fistula in ano is a troublesome disease and is difficult to treat. Complex fistula in ano occurs in various forms like multiple external and/or internal openings, internal opening above the dentate line, external opening far away from anal verge, anterior tract etc. They are almost invariably recurrent and frequently associated with other systemic diseases like tuberculosis, inflammatory bowel disease, malignancy etc.A complex fistula in ano has various modalities of treatments like application of setons, fistulotomy or fistulectomy, endorectal advancement flap, anocutaneous advancement flap, fistula plug, fibrin glue, electrocauterization of tract/laser and ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT).
Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the outcome of complex fistula in ano by fistulotomy and staged procedure.
Methods: The study was held in Dhaka medical college Hospital and various private hospitals located in Dhaka and Brahmonbaria within duration of 8 years (from January, 2011 to January, 2018). Among 256 patients (221 male, 35 female) with median age 48 years (30 to 72 years) with the diagnosis of complex fistula in ano, 135 underwent fistulotomy with application of Seton with stage procedure. 121 patients underwent single stage fistulotomy. 158 patients had history of previous operations. After stage procedure, regular follow up was done every week until wound healing occurred.
Result: Among 256 patients 121 patients (47%) underwent single stage, 133 (52%) patients underwent two stage and 2 patients underwent three stage procedure during the trial period. Majority of the patients had minor incontinence; that is flatus and/or loose stool incontinence. But they only persisted for an average of 10 to 16 days and subsided spontaneously. None of the patient had any major (solid stool) incontinence. 4 patients (2%) had recurrence of fistula on an average of 3-6 months after complete healing. Recurrence occurred in the form of abscess, automatically burst internally, recurrent fistula.2 patients developed bleeding after single stage procedure and was managed by cauterization.
Conclusion: With adequate postoperative care and regular follow up, application of Seton with ‘staged procedure’ in cases of complex fistula in ano is very effective and has very minimal complications. Chance of major incontinence and recurrence is also less.
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 83-87
Ureteric Endometriosis: a 39 Years Old Lady Presented with Cyclical Lower Abdominal Pain
Authors: Hasan Md Naheed , Akter Mithila , Islam Md Nazrul , Chowdhury Md Nizamuddin , Anowar Tanim , Ahmed Parvez Iftekhar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract not available
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 27, No.1, April, 2018, Page 98-101
Clinical Pattern of Intra-cranial space occupying lesion in Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Datta Ponkaj Kanti , Sutradhar Satya Ranjan , Khan Md Nur A alam , Hossain Mohammad Zaid , Sumon Sultan Mahamud , Hasan Imrul , Datta Raj , Anwar ASM Tanim , Islam Rezaul , Elahi Md Monjur E 
Published: March 2020

Background : The term “Intra-cranial space occupying lesion” (ICSOL) is defined as any neoplasm, benign or malignant, primary or secondary, as well as any inflammatory or parasitic mass lying within the cranial cavity. Advances in intracranial imaging have made the detection of intracranial lesions relatively accurate and enabling us to focus on the etiology of these space-occupying lesions. Many reports suggested that both incidence and pattern of intracranial space occupying lesions are subject to considerable geographic and racial variations. Knowledge of the regional peculiarities of these lesions will help in identifications of possible risk factors.
Materials and Methods: This observational study was done in the department of medicine of Mymensingh medical college hospital, Bangladesh from November, 2011 to April, 2012 to evaluate the clinical pattern of ICSOL among the 75 adult admitted patients. Patient aged more than 15 years of either sex with symptoms and signs of ICSOL and at least one CT or MRI evidence in favour of diagnosis were included.
Results: The highest participation (22.7%) was observed from 55-64 years age group. Mean age of the participants was 54.35±18.68 years. Neoplastic tumor was (25.8%) in 15-24 years age group and non neoplastic lesion was (31.8%) in 55-64 years age group, among participants (76.0%) came from rural areas and 24% from urban. Population regarding the occupation 30.7% were housewives, 21.3% were service holders and 20.0% are farmers. Headache was the most common symptom noted in 93.33% of patients. Nausea/ vomiting, difficulty in limb movement and imbalance were the other most common three symptoms. In this series intracerebral hemorrhage was found in 53.3% of patients, Astrocytoma was the second most common (20.0%). Meningioma was found in 8% of the participants and another 8% had metastatic lesions in their brain. There were two cases of schwanoma while tuberculoma was diagnosed in another two participants (2.7%).
Conclusion: Patients with symptoms and signs of ICSOL should be dealt with great care and CT or MRI helps to evaluate them for early diagnosis and proper management.
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 17-22
Incision and drainage of perianal abscess with primary fistulotomy in case of co-existing low variety fistula
Authors: Masum Mohammad Nazmul Hoque , Yazdani Asif , Biswas Md Shahnawas , Masum Mohammad , Bhuiyan Masfique Ahmed , Hossain Md Nabir , Rahman Md Atiar 
Published: March 2020

Background: Perianal abscess is a clinical condition frequently encountered by surgeons. Perianal abscess originates from an infection arising in the cryptoglandular epithelium lining the anal canal. Occasionally; bacteria, fecal material or foreign matter can clog an anal gland and tunnel into the tissue around the anus or rectum, where it may then collect in a cavity called an abscess. About half of perianal abscess may manifest as fistula-in-ano which increases the risk of abscess recurrence requiring repeated drainage. Treating the fistula at the same time of incision and drainage of abscess reduce chances of recurrent abscess development and therefore likelihood of repeat surgery. Primary fistulotomy in case of low variety fistula may be advantageous for perianal abscess because fistulas are more commonly traceable and can be laid open with full preservation of external anal sphincters.
Methods: 216 consecutive patients (91.6% males, 8.33% females); mean age, 39 (range 18-70 years) from July, 2015 to January, 2019 with perianal abscesses were treated by incision and drainage and primary fistulotomy. 38 patients had comorbidities as diabetes mellitus, obesity (BMI>26), tuberculosis. Patients were followed up clinically for 2 months. Digital rectal examination performed to assess anal tone before, one week and one month after surgery.
Results: Operative time was on average 17 minutes (15-20 minutes). Average hospital stay was 1 day and complete healing time ranged from 30-60 days. Persistent fistulas developed in four patients after surgery (1.85%). Bleeding occurred in 2 patients (1%). Many patients had transient minor incontinence in the form of flatus and loose stool incontinence but eventually resolved after two weeks. No major incontinence was found. Patient’s satisfaction of the treatment maneuver in relation to abscess recurrence and fistula occurrence was 95%. All patients remained fully continent. Operative time, hospital stay, and time for complete wound healing were the same in both groups.
Conclusion: Primary fistulotomy for co-existing low variety fistula at the time of drainage of perianal abscess results in very few persistent fistulas and no added risk of fecal incontinence.
J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 28, No.1, April, 2019, Page 85-89
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN REALISTIC MATHEMATICSEDUCATION (RME) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN REPRESENTASI MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Yusuf Cantika N , Hairun Yahya , Jalal Ariyanti 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini didasarkan pada kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang masih rendah.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan representasi matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Realistic MathematicsEducation pada materi menyelesaikan soal cerita Sistem Persamaan Linear DuaVariabel menggunakan metode grafik dan bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran tersebut.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan desain penelitian OneGroup Pretest-Posttest Design.Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII B SMPNegeri 7 Kota Ternate. Instrumen yang digunakan: tes hasil belajar, lembar observasi kinerja guru, dan lembar observasi aktivitas siswa, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan representasi matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Realistic Matehmatics Education mengalami peningkatan yang berada pada interpretasi sedang. Kata Kunci: Realistic Mathematics Education,Representasi MatematisMatematis
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI BILANGAN BULAT
Authors: Mannan Nursita Hi , Alhaddad Idrus , Hamid Ikram 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan dalammeningkatkan kreativitas matematis siswa pada materi operasi bilangan bulatpada siswa kelas VIIC SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Ternate melalui model problem based learning.Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan teknik tes dalam bentuk soal uraian yang berjumlah 4 soal. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan pedoman Tingkat Penguasan (TP) dan untuk mengatahui penigkatan hasil belajar siswa digunakan rumus N. Gain (𝑔). Pada tes siklus I, kemampuan siswa diperoleh 5 siswa (21,73%) interpretasi tinggi dan 18 siswa (78,26%) interpretasi rendah. Siswa yang tuntas belajar secara individu sebanyak 5 siswa Ketuntasan klasikal 21,73%, sedangkan 18 siswa tidak tuntas secara klasikal adalah 78,26% diperoleh skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 61,39 atau dilihat dari rumus N. Gain (𝑔). sama dengan 0,25. Hasil belajar siswa tes siklus I belum tuntas. Untuk hasil tes siklus II diperoleh sebanyak 12 siswa (52,17%) interpretasi tinggi, Sedangkan sebanyak 10 siswa (43,47%) interpretasi sedang, Rendah sebanyak 1 siswa (4,34%). Siswa yang tuntas belajar secara individu sebanyak 23 siswa, sedangkan ketuntasan belajar klasikal 100% diperoleh skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 87,43. Hasil belajar pada siklus II meningkat sebesar 0,67dari tes siklus I. Kata Kunci :Problem Based Learning, Kreativitas Matematis, Operasi Bilangan Bulat.
Penerapan Model Discovery Learning untuk Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah pada Materi Lingkaran
Authors: Lutfi Dianti Aprila , Hamid Hasan , Alhaddad Idrus 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning pada materi lingkaran. 2) Mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning pada materi lingkaran. Penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VIII-I SMP Negeri 5 Kota Ternate. Teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 21 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen tes berbentuk tes uraian. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif yaitu Pedoman Acuan Patokan berdasarkan kategori kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dan perhitungan N-Gain ternormalisasi serta statistik inferensial dengan menggunakan uji Paired Sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa siswa kelas VIII-I SMP Negeri 5 Kota Ternate setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran Discovery Learning diperoleh 14% kualifikasi baik sekali, 5% baik, 19% cukup, 38% kurang, dan kualifikasi gagal 24%. 2) Hasil perhitungan N-Gain ternormalisasi diperoleh nilai N-gain yaitu 0,51 yang berarti peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa berada pada interpretasi sedang. Berdasarkan hasil statistik inferensial menggunakan uji Paired Samples Test dengan bantuan program SPSS 23.0 for windows diperoleh nilai sig. 0,000 (sig. ˂ α = 0,05). Hal ini berarti terdapat peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning.
Donna, che fosti tra le donne un Sole»: sui tentativi poetici giovanili di Paolo Paruta (metà XVI sec.)
Authors: Giani Marco 
Published: March 2020

During the mid-1560s, Paolo Paruta (1540-1598), future Ambassador of the Republic of Venice in Rome (1591-1595) and author of the three books of Perfettione della Vita Politica (Venice, 1579) wrote some poems: the canzone Donna, che fosti tra le donne un Sole, and three somnets. The former was then published in Dionigi Atanagi’s Rime di diversi nobilissimi et eccellentissimi autori, in morte della Signora Irene delle Signore di Spilimbergo (Venice, 1561), the latters were insert in Diomede Borghesi’s anthology for Cinzia Braccioduro Garzadori (then published in Padua, 1567, without Paruta’s somnets).
Writing those juvenile poems and making them circulate among the Venetian literary circles (such as Domenico Venier’s), Paruta was looking not only for artistic approval, but also for social visibility: the canzone and the somnets were part of his wider strategy for social climbing inside Venetian patrician ruling class.
«98% Anti UV» ou Bronzeamento Natural
Authors: Andrieu Bernard , Nobrega Petrúcia 
Published: March 2020

Neste ensaio refletimos sobre o corpo e sua aparência, considerando-se o contato com o sol, as práticas de proteção solar e as técnicas de bronzeamento. De um lado, os investimentos em torno da proteção contra os raios ultravioletas, não apenas com a proteção de cremes solares, mas de roupas que prometem proteção de 98% da superfície coberta. De outro lado, o bronzeamento natural feito na praia ou em clínicas especializadas. Essas técnicas e práticas aportam elementos para nossa reflexão sobre a ecologia corporal ao nos permitir pensar a respeito da relação entre o corpo íntimo e social, as aparências, o desejo, as significações sociais construídas pela medicina, cosmetologia e pelo lazer.
REFLEXIONES EN TORNO A LA CALIDAD Y LA PERTINENCIA DE LA EDUCACIÓN COLOMBIANA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA EVALUACIÓN DE LOS APRENDIZAJES
Authors: Correa Suárez Guillermo León 
Published: March 2020

Este ensayo es una reflexión acerca de la educación como eje fundamental para el porvenir de cualquier nación en el planeta. Sin educación los pueblos no progresan, tal hecho se constata diariamente en la realidad mundial. La educación es la llave que abre todas las puertas. Se analiza además la realidad educativa colombiana en términos de calidad y pertinencia de la educación, la tendencia a la estandarización a partir de las pruebas de estado, que responden a requerimientos impuestos desde organizaciones internacionales con motivaciones estrictamente económicas. Por último se profundiza en el papel que los maestros tienen en la transformación coyuntural del modelo educativo en el actual momento de la historia del país. “La escuela ha fracasado” es la conclusión a la que se puede llegar al ver el tipo de ciudadanos que se están formando en Colombia; la corrupción, el deplorable manejo del medio ambiente, la violencia presente; son entre otras tantas, las consecuencias de ello, por eso debemos despertar y promover ese cambio desde la gestión escolar, el diseño y la ejecución de los programas pertinentes a las necesidades del mundo de hoy. Pero es en el maestro donde hay que centrar los esfuerzos ya que este tiene estima social por su labor loable, pero no estatus social, la capacitación y el mejoramiento de las condiciones laborales de los docentes, la formación en liderazgo y en habilidades sociales para los promotores de la educación son una exigencia en el mundo y específicamente en Colombia si queremos que se den los avances que deseamos en educación.
De la salud pública a la Cobertura Universal de Salud: el caso argentino / From public health to Universal Health Coverage: the Argentinian case
Authors: Cejas Romanelli Pablo Sebastián 
Published: March 2020

La salud pública es un concepto dinámico que obligó a los operadores sanitarios a pensar en estrategias de promoción y protección de la salud humana. Con el paso del tiempo, dicho concepto evolucionó hacia el de salud internacional, y este último, al de salud global en un contexto de globalización.
La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) se perfiló como el ente destinado a instrumentar las políticas de salud global. En tal sentido la Cobertura Universal de Salud surgió como el resultado de la política de dicha organización que no estuvo exenta de presiones y controles de organismos no estatales.
La República Argentina incorporó al sistema de salud nacional, la Cobertura Universal de Salud que, tal como se verificó en la normativa internacional que le dio nacimiento, la prioridad está puesta en la salud financiera del sistema sanitario antes que en el derecho a la salud.
Public health is a dynamic concept that forced healthcare operators to think about strategies for the promotion and protection of human health. With the passage of time, this concept evolved towards international health, and the latter, to global health in a context of globalization.
The World Health Organization (WHO) emerged as the entity destined to implement global health policies. In this regard, the Universal Health Coverage emerged as the result of the policy of this organization that was not exempt from pressures and controls by non-state organizations.
The Argentine Republic incorporated into the national health system, the Universal Health Coverage that, as verified in the international regulations that gave birth to it, the priority is placed on the financial health of the health system rather than on the right to health.
El derecho a la salud y la publicidad infantil. Análisis en base a la normativa vigente en Argentina / Right to health and child advertising. Analysis based on current legislation in Argentina
Authors: Gerbaldo María Victoria , Merlo Vijarra Maga , Mozzoni Agustina 
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo plantea la conexión existente entre el régimen protectorio del derecho a la salud, los derechos de los niños, niñas y adolescentes, y el régimen del Consumidor.
En Argentina, la protección a la salud dentro de las relaciones de consumo es una prioridad, así, pues, el resguardo de los intereses económicos del “consumidor”, como su salud tienen jerarquía constitucional. El carácter tuitivo se justifica en la asimetría que caracteriza a la “relación de consumo”; situación que se agrava cuando personas que ya son vulnerables forman parte de ella. Lo expresado cobra mayor relevancia al analizar la publicidad dirigida al público infantil, específicamente la de alimentos no saludables. Esto último, ha sido limitado en varios países y ha sido objeto de pronunciamientos judiciales en Latinoamérica.
Realizando la interpretación de todo el ordenamiento jurídico se pueden ofrecer razones para prohibir la publicidad de alimentos no saludables dirigida a un público infantil.

This article analyzes the connection between the regulations to the right to health, the right of children and adolescents and consumer`s regime. The protection to the health within the norms that regulate the consumption is a priority. In Argentina the protection of the economic interests of the "consumer", as well as, his/her health has a constitutional hierarchy. The tuitive character is justified by the asymmetry that is intrinsic to the "consumption relationship". This is even worse when people who are already vulnerable are involved in this relationship. This becomes more relevant when children`s advertising is analyzed, specifically unhealthy food advertising. This has been limited in several countries and has been subjected to judicial pronouncements in Latin America. By making an adequate interpretation of the entire legal system, good reasons can be offered to prohibit the advertising of unhealthy food addressed to a child audience.
Tribunales superiores en Latinoamérica y su respaldo a las medidas de control de tabaco como forma de proteger el derecho humano a la salud Latin American high courts and their support for tobacco control policies as a way to protect the human right to he
Authors: Carballo Juan , Severini Gianella , Severini Luciana 
Published: March 2020

Frente al fuerte impacto del tabaquismo en la salud pública, la obligación de los Estados de proteger el derecho humano a la salud exige la implementación de ciertas medidas de control de tabaco. En el último tiempo, altos tribunales de la región ratificaron la necesidad de avanzar en estas medidas, marcando la fuerte conexión entre los derechos humanos y las políticas de control de tabaco como mecanismo de protección de la salud y reconociendo el importante rol del Convenio Marco para el Control de Tabaco de la Organización Mundial de la Salud.

Taking into account tobacco epidemic’s impact on public health, States’ obligations to protect the right to health call for the implementation of certain tobacco control policies. In recent times, high courts from Latin America ratified the need to advance on these policies, highlighting the strong link between human rights and tobacco control policies as mechanisms for the protection of health and stressing the key role of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
Derechos previsionales y VIH / Pension rights and HIV
Authors: Calderón Maximiliano , Chiacchiera Castro Paulina R. 
Published: March 2020

En el trabajo se analiza la primera sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Córdoba vinculada con derechos previsionales de una persona que vive con el VIH (virus de inmunodeficiencia humana), cuya doctrina constituye un valioso antecedente en tanto que brinda una solución adecuada al caso, acorde con los estándares internacionales fijados por los organismos especializados en la temática.

The paper analyzes the first sentence of the Superior Court of Justice of Córdoba linked to pension rights of a person who lives with HIV (human inmunodeficiency virus), whose doctrine constitutes a valuable antecedent which provides an adequate solution to the case, in accordance with the international standards set by the specialized agencies in the subject.