bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep radio interferometric search for decametre radio emission from the exoplanet Tau Boötis b
Authors: Cordun C. M. , Vedantham H. K. , Brentjens M. A. , van der Tak F. F. S. 
Published: December 2024

Context. Detection of electron cyclotron maser (ECM) emission from exoplanets in the 10–40 MHz radio band is likely the only way to measure an exoplanet’s magnetic field directly. However, no definitive detection of exoplanetary ECM emission has been made to date. A detection of the hot Jupiter Tau Boötis b was reported but with an observing mode that is not immune to confusion from off-axis interference, making the detection tentative.
Aims. We searched for radio emissions from Tau Boötis b using the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) in interferometric mode, which employs direction-of-arrival information to discriminate genuine signals from interference. Our aim was to confirm the previous tentative detection or establish an upper limit in the case of a non-detection.
Methods. We conducted observations using LOFAR’s Low Band Antenna in interferometric mode, which totalled 64 hours spread over 8 nights. We created a custom data-processing pipeline to mitigate common challenges in decametric radio astronomy, including radio frequency interference, ionospheric distortions, and sidelobe noise from nearby bright radio sources. We used this pipeline to image the field around Tau Boötis b, searching for both quiescent and bursting emission from the direction of Tau Boötis b.
Results. Despite the high sensitivity of the interferometric observations and extensive data processing, no significant emission was detected from Tau Boötis b in Stokes V. We establish an upper limit of 2 sigma at 24 mJy for any continuous emission from the exoplanet. The previous tentative detection of 400 mJy is thus not confirmed by the interferometric observations.
Conclusions. The previous tentative detection is unlikely to be a bona fide astrophysical signal. Our upper limit is lower than the flux density predicted by scaling laws, meaning either the scaling laws need to be revised or the emission from this particular system is beamed away from Earth.
Jeud’imagerie : apport de Facebook pour tester et approfondir les connaissances en imagerie médicale des étudiants en médecine
Authors: Guez Edouard , Arsovic Emina , Assouline Victoria , Memmi Alexandre , Bisca Alexandra , Tetelboum Nicolas , Ghosn Ibrahim , Naux Grégoire , Siauve Nathalie 
Published: December 2024

Contexte et objectifs : Présenter et évaluer l’attractivité d’un nouveau support pédagogique utilisant Facebook pour tester les connaissances en imagerie des étudiants en médecine. Méthodes : Une première partie est consacrée à la présentation de Jeud’imagerie : structure, cadre conceptuel, contenu pédagogique. La seconde partie est consacrée à l’analyse de l’attractivité à partir des caractéristiques du groupe Facebook et du niveau de connaissance du groupe par question à choix multiple (QCM). Résultats : Jeud’imagerie a été créé pour proposer un enseignement de la radiologie adapté à la génération Y. Jeud’imagerie permet de publier chaque semaine un cas clinique avec questions à réponse ouverte et libre (QROL) et QCM en deux parties à 24 heures d’intervalle. La publication du jeudi qui permet d’évaluer la démarche diagnostique est guidée par les QROL, les connaissances sont testées par les QCM. Elle contient un énoncé clinique, des images à commenter. La publication du vendredi comprend la correction et un rappel de cours. Jeud’imagerie propose un apprentissage de type cognitiviste. Il teste la mémoire de l’apprenant sur un pré requis de base de connaissances correspondant au programme d’enseignement de deuxième cycle des études médicales. Le groupe Facebook a atteint 20 000 membres en quatre ans. Il comprend majoritairement des femmes, des internes et des étudiants en médecine et a un rayonnement international. Le niveau de connaissance a été évalué par l’analyse des réponses aux QCM de 82 cas cliniques publiés entre 03/10/2019 et 29/04/2021. Les QCM portent sur la sémiologie radiologique ou sur la stratégie diagnostique radiologique et font appel à des niveaux de connaissances différents, d’un niveau 1 à 6 selon la taxonomie de Bloom. Au total, le pourcentage de bonnes réponses (items vrais cochés et items faux non cochés) est de 76 %, variant de 68 % pour la gynécologie à 80 % pour la pédiatrie et l’urologie. Le nombre d’items sélectifs le plus élevé est observé en Gastro-Entérologie. Conclusion : Jeud’imagerie propose un apprentissage inédit de l’imagerie via un réseau social. Il apparaît attractif, avec un nombre important de membres.
Comprehensive Biotechnological Strategies for Podophyllotoxin Production from Plant and Microbial Sources
Authors: Anviksha Anviksha , Reddy Mondem Sudhakara 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPodophyllotoxin is derived from plant sources and exhibits strong anticancer activity. However, limited natural availability and environmental impacts from traditional extraction methods drive the search for alternative production approaches. This review explores diverse strategies for sustainable podophyllotoxin synthesis, including biosynthesis, semi-synthesis, and biotransformation. Biosynthetic methods involve metabolic pathway engineering in plant or microbial cells, enabling increased yields by manipulating precursor availability and gene expression. Semi-synthetic approaches modify podophyllotoxin precursors or intermediates to enhance therapeutic effects, with derivatives like etoposide and teniposide showing clinical efficacy. Biotransformation, utilising organisms such as endophytic fungi or human hepatic enzymes, enables the transformation of substrates like deoxypodophyllotoxin into podophyllotoxin or its derivatives, yielding compounds with reduced environmental
impact and improved purity. The anticancer efficacy of podophyllotoxin and its derivatives stems from multiple mechanisms. These compounds disrupt cell mitosis by inhibiting microtubule assembly, impairing nucleoside transport, and blocking topoisomerase II activity, leading to DNA cleavage and cancer cell apoptosis. Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives also exhibit anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastatic effects through signalling pathway modulation. Notably, derivatives like deoxypodophyllotoxin utilise advanced delivery systems, enhancing targeted efficacy and reducing side effects. Given the varied mechanisms and growing therapeutic applications, optimising biotransformation and delivery techniques remains essential for advancing podophyllotoxin-based therapies. This comprehensive review underscores the compoundʼs potential as a robust anticancer agent and the need for continued research to maximise its production and clinical effectiveness.
Synthesis of Fluorinated 4-Aminopyrimidines via Brønsted Acid Mediated [2+2+2] Cycloaddition of β-Trifluoromethyl-1,3-enynamides with Nitriles
Authors: Xiao Yuanjing , Zeng Qin , Li Jintong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBrønsted acid mediated [2+2+2] cycloaddition of β-CF3-1,3-enynamides with nitriles affording fluorinated 4-aminopyrimidines was developed.
Synthesis of 3,5-Disubstituted Anilines via Sequential Mo-Catalyzed Deoxygenative Benzene Formation and Pd-Catalyzed Amination Reactions
Authors: Fang Gang , Yu Yi-Zhe , Zhuo Chun-Xiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe substituted anilines play a pivotal role as structural motifs in agrochemicals, organic polymers, and pharmaceuticals, and great efforts have been dedicated to advancing their synthesis. However, the highly efficient and selective synthesis of meta,meta-disubstituted anilines remains a challenge. Here, the synthesis of meta,meta-disubstituted anilines via sequential Mo-catalyzed deoxygenative benzene formation and Pd-catalyzed amination reactions is reported. By employing this method, a wide range of meta,meta-disubstituted anilines were accessed with up to 89% yield from readily accessible ynones, allylic amines, and amines.
Correlation of the Anatomy of the Intersphincteric Anal Fistula with Sex: An Analysis through Anorectal Three-Dimensional Ultrasound
Authors: Fernandes Graziela Olivia da Silva , Maciel Maysa Queiroz , Barreto Rosilma Gorete Lima , Cajazeiras Maura Tarcianny Oliveira , Mota Nikolay Coelho da , Pavan Yana , Pinto Marcelo Travassos , Aquino Letícia Freitas de , Barreto João Batista Pinheiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction Anal fistula surgery is often associated with continence disorders due to transection of the anal sphincter muscles. A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy of the anal canal and fistula can help prevent this outcome.
Objective To correlate the anatomy of the intersphincteric anal fistula with the patient's sex using three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound (3D-EAUS).
Materials and Methods The present is a retrospective observational study, involving an analysis of the medical records of patients seen at the Coloproctology Service of a Public Tertiary Hospital in the state of Maranhão, Brazil, from July 2016 to December 2022. Patients were categorized by sex and assessed for the position of the internal opening (IO), distance from the IO to the anal margin, and amount and percentage of internal anal sphincter (IAS) muscle compromised by the fistulous tract.
Results Intersphincteric fistulae were more common in men. The average age among men was of 46.46 years, and, among women, it was of 38.17 years. There was a difference between the sexes in terms of the duration of compromised IAS, which was longer among men. The percentage of compromised IAS was higher in males. The IO was located at a greater distance from the anal margin in male patients compared to female ones.
Conclusion Male patients with intersphincteric anal fistula had the internal fistulous opening positioned more distant from the anal margin, with a greater length and percentage of the IAS muscle compromised by the fistulous tract compared to female patients with the same condition.
Multiparametric MRI in Diagnosis of Parotid Gland Tumor: An Observational Study in 3-T MRI
Authors: V.R Sreecharan , Naik Suprava , Deep Nerbadyswari , Adhya Amit Kumar , Chappity Preetam , Mohakud Sudipta , Nayak Manoj Kumar , Patel Ranjan Kumar , Tripathy Taraprasad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has an important role in the management and prognostication of parotid gland tumors. We aim to evaluate the role of multiparametric MRI in differentiating the major subgroup of parotid tumors.
Material and Methods Multiparametric MRI: T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T2WI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging were acquired in all patients. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and tumor blood flow (TBF) were calculated from DWI and ASL, respectively. Ktrans, Kep, Ve, initial area under the gadolinium enhancement concentration curve (IAUGC), maximum slope, and contrast enhancement ratio (CER) were calculated from DCE-MRI perfusion. The above parameters were compared between three major subgroups of parotid gland tumors, such as non-Warthin benign tumors (NWBT), Warthin's tumors (WT), and malignant parotid tumors (MT).
Results The mean ADC of MT (n = 13), WT (n = 5), and NWBT (n = 29) was 1.03 × 10−3 mm2/s, 0.97 × 10−3 mm2/s, and 1.89 × 10−3 mm2/s, respectively. The mean TBF (in mL/100 g/min) was the highest MT (70.33), followed by WT (62.04) and NWBT (21.99). A cutoff of 40.51 mL/100 g/min showed a sensitivity of 96.6% and specificity of 77.8% for predicting NWBT. In DCE-MRI, 96.6% of the NWBT showed a type A time–signal intensity curve. Although the majority of MT and WT had type C and B curves, respectively, there was overlapping. Among the quantitative DCE parameters, Ktrans and Kep were highly sensitive for differentiating NWBT, WT, and MT. Ktrans, Kep, IAUGC, and MS were maximum in WT, followed by MT and NWBT. Kep and Ktrans both had an accuracy of 84.7% for predicting pleomorphic adenoma.
Conclusion Multiparametric MRI is useful for differentiating NWBT, WT, and MT. DCE-MRI helps in differentiating benign from malignant tumors. DWI and ASL are useful in differentiating NWBT from parotid malignancy.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Colorectal Cancer Incidence and Colonoscopy: The Importance of Early Diagnosis
Authors: Goulart Giovana , Gonçalves e Silva Helena Caetano , Goulart Giulia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective The present study evaluated the relationship between the incidence of colorectal cancer and colonoscopy in Santa Catarina from 2018 to 2022.
Methods Observational study of ecological type, which includes all confirmed cases of CRC in the state of Santa Catarina from 2018 to 2022, across health macro-regions. The data were obtained from SINAN, through TABNET/DATASUS. The variables gender, age group, race, type of care, average cost per hospitalization, days of stay, deaths, and mortality rates were evaluated.
Results In the period from 2018 to 2022, there were more than 28,000 cases of CRC in the state of Santa Catarina, with the Grande Oeste region being responsible for the highest incidence throughout the studied period. The main age group is between 70 and 79 years old; As for gender, most cases are predominantly male; about race, white ethnicity is predominant; the nature of service is, for the most part, elective; the average value per hospital stay is 2,355.41; total hospital stay days are 120,924; the number of deaths is 1553 and the mortality rate is (5.44/100.00). Regarding colonoscopy, the largest number of colonoscopies performed was in Grande Florianópolis.
Conclusion There is a high incidence of CRC cases in the state of Santa Catarina. Males and those aged 70 to 79 are the most affected by CRC in Santa Catarina. The Grande Oeste region has a higher incidence of cases compared with other health macro-regions.
Avoiding Recurrence of Anorectal Abscess: The Impact of Patient Delay in Seeking Medical Attention
Authors: Patel Sonu Nimesh , Philip Ria Elizabeth , Downs Dillon , Topilow Arthur Alan , Anjum Ramisa , Parker Glenn Scot 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective Anorectal abscess is a frequent surgical problem. The objective of our retrospective study is to determine the clinical factors that mitigate complications of anorectal abscesses.
Methods Data from a retrospective review of patients of one colorectal surgeon (GP) admitted and operated on for anorectal abscess at the Jersey Shore University Medical Center and Ocean University Medical Center between January 2019 and December 2022 were reviewed. Clinical information was obtained from medical records.
Results A total of 48 patients underwent surgery for drainage of anorectal abscess. After a physical examination, 48% of patients (23 of 48) received diagnostic imaging to confirm the nature and location of the abscess. Approximately 73% of patients (36 of 48) presented with an anorectal fistula upon evaluation. Of the 48 patients, thirty (63%) were diagnosed with a perianal abscess. The abscess in the other 18 of the 48 patients was in other areas of the anorectal region. Eleven patients developed a recurrent abscess after undergoing initial drainage. On average, recurrent patients waited 59 days before seeking initial treatment, whereas nonrecurrent patients waited ∼21 days.
Conclusion Patients who delay seeking medical attention are more likely to develop a recurrent abscess after receiving initial treatment. Diagnostic imaging with ultrasound and computed tomography significantly reduced transit time between the emergency room and the operating room. In both recurrent and nonrecurrent groups, no correlation was found between the size or location of the abscess and the chance of abscess recurrence.
Considerations in the Management Procedures of Malignant Large Bowel Obstruction; Surgical versus Conservative Management: Outcome and Prognostic Factors
Authors: Baiomy Taha A. , Almeniawy Mohamed Mahmoud , Sakr Mohamed Adel , Haggag Alaa , Shaker Shady E. , Sharafeddein Mahmoud , Elbaz Mohamed , Ghoname Mahmod , Sherbeiny Mahmoud , Sharaf Ahmed Lotfy , Abdallah Amany M. , Mohamed Sherif Yehia , Harb Ola A. , Mohamed Asmaa Hussein , Abdelaziz Mahmoud 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction Malignant obstruction of the large bowel is a common clinical presentation, particularly in terminal cancer patients. Urgent resection and surgical diversion were the treatments of choice.
Objective The aim of the current study was to compare urgent resection of the colon and surgical diversion as conservative management in patients presented with malignant colorectal obstruction regarding short-term, post-operative, prognostic, and long-term oncologic outcomes.
Methods 80 patients with clinical and/or radiological evidence of malignant bowel obstruction distal to the ligament of Treitz and patients presented with incurable primary intra-abdominal primary cancer and patients with intra-peritoneal disease were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 20 patients (25%) who underwent conservative management, while 60 patients (75%) underwent definitive surgical management.
Results We showed statistically significant findings between both groups regarding the total length of hospital stay, the total amount of costs, the rate, and the interval of re-admission. The duration of staying at hospital and rate of re-admission in the group that was managed by definitive surgery is more than the group of patients that was managed by conservation. We found that the rate of postoperative complications and morbidity in patients who underwent urgent definitive surgical resection was higher than that in those who underwent conservative management.
Conclusion In patients with malignant obstruction of the colon selection of definitive surgical management might not improve patients' outcomes and conservative management in addition to chemotherapy might be superior and might improve patients' outcomes and survival.
Large-Bore Transfemoral Arterial Access: Techniques and Troubleshooting
Authors: Liles Amber L. , Vatakencherry Geogy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAortic pathologies such as dissection, aneurysm, or blunt aortic injury have historically been treated via open surgical repair; however, the advent of endovascular stent graft technology has allowed for endovascular aortic repair in more and more patients. With improvements in stent graft technology and delivery systems, more patients are now candidates for endovascular aortic repair; however, many will require large-bore transfemoral arterial access. Percutaneous transfemoral arterial access includes the introduction of a large-bore sheath directly into the iliofemoral arterial system for the deployment of aortic stent grafts. Advancements in percutaneous arterial closure and reductions in device delivery profiles have further refined this technique; however, careful preprocedural planning and technical precision are required to minimize complications. This article covers the fundamentals of large-bore transfemoral arterial access as well as technical pearls for successful outcomes.
Comprehensive Inpatient Rehabilitation Protocol for Acquired Diaphragmatic Hernia Repair: A Case Report
Authors: Athwale Reema Mohan , Shukla Manish Prannath 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis case report presents a comprehensive rehabilitation approach for a 32-year-old female patient who underwent diaphragmatic hernia repair. The rehabilitation protocol aimed to improve postoperative recovery, promote independence, and enhance the patient's quality of life. The study outlines a 2-week treatment plan with specific goals and interventions for each phase. Our findings reveal promising outcomes, demonstrating the positive impact of rehabilitation on postoperative recovery. The rehabilitation interventions not only contributed to enhanced diaphragmatic muscle mobility, vital parameters, chest expansion, pulmonary function, and respiratory muscle strength but also lead to improved breathing patterns. The outcomes of this study emphasize the crucial role of customized rehabilitation programs in maximizing respiratory function, fostering mobility, mitigating complications, and facilitating functional recovery. Through a comprehensive case report, we showcase the efficacy of integrating tailored rehabilitation strategies into the postoperative care paradigm in promoting overall recovery and elevating the well-being of individuals undergoing diaphragmatic hernia repair.
Is the Study of Development Humiliating or Emancipatory? The Case Against Universalising ‘Development’
Authors: Behuria Pritish 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere are increasing calls to universalise the study of development to include the study of countries outside Asia, Africa and Latin America. This paper argues that there are reasons to be sceptical of such calls. This paper highlights that a surprising alliance has emerged between neoclassical economists (especially those who have long rallied against the need for a separate field of ‘development’ economics) and post-development scholars (who argue that the study of ‘development’ denigrates the Global South) in making the case to universalise the study of development. Global Development proponents tap into popular decolonisation narratives, which focus on the humiliating nature of ‘development’ and ignore any ‘emancipatory’ potential development may have. By only focussing on the humiliating aspects of ‘development’, the case for universalising development binds post-development scholarship and neoclassical economists in a common universalist focus on development challenges. This marginalises scholarship concerned with reducing inter-country inequalities in structural transformation and combatting dependencies between industrialised and non-industrialised countries.
Novel insight into the microstructure evolution and strengthening mechanism of nanocrystalline copper prepared by hot-pressing sintering: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Feng Qianwen , Zhang Xiang 
Published: December 2024

An integrated strategy is proposed for the design and performance evaluation of nanocrystalline (NC) copper prepared by using the hot-pressing sintering process (HPS). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is employed to investigate the microstructure and performance of the prepared NC copper. The merging of nanoparticles (NPs) during HPS is influenced by the initial surface area of NPs. A higher surface area corresponding to a smaller size of NPs will promote the merging of NPs by providing more interface for the diffusion of atoms. The designed grain size can be obtained by adjusting the initial size of NPs. The mechanical properties of NC copper do not present a liner correlation with the grain size. With the grain size increasing from 1.51 to 4.10 nm, the strength and ductility of NC copper first increase but then decrease. The cooperating influence of the grain boundaries with high strength and the matrix with high ductility on the mechanical properties is revealed. This study highlights the relationship between microstructure evolution and mechanical properties in NC metals, offering insights into designing high-performance NC materials. The MD model can be extended into another case with a larger size and time scale.