bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy-Minimizing Cubic H-Bézier Curve
Authors: Hussain Maria , Zafar Sana , Hussain Malik Zawwar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In shape designing, a curve is required to pass smoothly through the given data set values. Minimum energy curves are usually known as smooth curves. The aim of this research article is to construct a G1-approximating curve with minimum energy. For this purpose, a cubic H-Bézier curve is considered for which the tangent directions are held to be unknowns. The optimal cubic H-Bézier curve is procured by minimizing the stretch energy, strain energy, and curvature variation energy by solving an optimization problem of two parameters relating to the magnitudes of endpoint tangent directions.
Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Candidate Genes Associated with Productivity and Disease Resistance to Moniliophthora spp. in Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Osorio-Guarín Jaime A , Berdugo-Cely Jhon A , Coronado-Silva Roberto A , Baez Eliana , Jaimes Yeirme , Yockteng Roxana 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), the source of chocolate, is one of the most important commodity products worldwide that helps improve the economic livelihood of farmers. Diseases like frosty pod rot caused by Moniliophthora roreri and witches’ broom caused by Moniliophthora perniciosa limit the cacao productivity, this can be solved by using resistant varieties. In the current study, we sequenced 229 cacao accessions using genotyping-by-sequencing to examine the genetic diversity and population structure employing 9,003 and 8,131 single nucleotide polymorphisms recovered by mapping against two cacao genomes (Criollo B97-61/B2 v2 and Matina 1-6 v1.1). In the phenotypic evaluation, three promising accessions for productivity and 10 with good tolerance to the frosty pod rot and witches’ broom diseases were found. A genome-wide association study was performed on 102 accessions, discovering two genes associated with productivity and seven to disease resistance. The results enriched the knowledge of the genetic regions associated with important cacao traits that can have significant implications for conservation and breeding strategies like marker-assisted selection.
Low Prevalence of Celiac Disease among Patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Latvia
Authors: Dekante Alise , Daugule Ilva , Pavlovics Sergejs , Kikuste Ilze , Polaka Inese , Tzivian Lilian , Kojalo Ilona , Putnins Vieturs , Tolmanis Ivars , Rumba-Rozenfelde Ingrida , Boka Sarmite , Vanags Aigars , Leja Marcis 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims: Studies suggest that the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) is increased in individuals with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), in particular, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the evidence is conflicting. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of CD in patients with FGIDs in Latvia.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients with FGIDs, referred for a gastroenterologist consultation in a secondary gastroenterology practice unit. Patients were divided into three groups – patients only with IBS (IBS group), patients only with functional dyspepsia (FD) (FD group), patients with mixed symptoms IBS and FD (Mixed group). Patient levels of tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA) and/or antiendomysial IgA group antibodies (EMA-IgA) were evaluated. Four duodenal biopsies were obtained and reported according to Marsh classification. Patients diagnosed or being referred for confirmation of CD were excluded from the study.
Results: Overall, 1,833 FGIDs patients were enrolled. Celiac serology was available for 1,570 patients, duodenal histology for 582 patients, both histology and serology for 319 patients. In total, celiac seropositivity was present in 1.78% (28/1570) (3.18% in IBS group, 0.90% in FD group and 1.11% of cases in the mixed group). Fifteen patients had histopathological changes (2.58%; 15/582). Three IBS patients (2.36%) were both serology and biopsy positive. None of the FD patients had CD.
Conclusion: Prevalence of biopsy-proven CD in patients from Latvia with FGIDs was low. Routine screening for CD could be considered only among patients with IBS.
Outcomes of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Subepithelial Lesions Localized Within the Submucosa, Including Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Kobara Hideki , Miyaoka Yoichi , Ikeda Yoshio , Yamada Takayoshi , Takata Masashi , Fujihara Shintaro , Nishiyama Noriko , Fujita Koji , Tani Joji , Kobayashi Nobuya , Chiyo Taiga , Yachida Tatsuo , Okano Keiichi , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Mori Hirohito , Masaki Tsutomu 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) seems to be a reasonable option for gastrointestinal subepithelial lesions (SELs) localized within the submucosa. Indications for ESD include small neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and indeterminate SELs. However, the prospective data regarding ESD and surveillance remain unclear. This study was performed to prospectively investigate the outcomes of ESD, including organ-specific outcomes and the mid-term prognosis.
Methods: This prospective multicenter study included 57 patients who underwent ESD for SELs localized within the submucosa [definite NETs (n = 42) and indeterminate SELs (n = 15)]. The efficacy and safety of ESD were evaluated in the whole cohort and in subgroups (NETs and indeterminate SELs). All patients were followed up.
Results: The rates of en bloc resection, curative resection, and complications were 98.2%, 66.7%, and 7.7% for the overall population (n=57); 100%, 61.9%, and 2.4% for NETs (n=42); and 93.3%, 80.0%, and 20.0% for indeterminate SELs (n=15), respectively. The rates of curative resection for NETs were poorer in the stomach (20%, n=5) and duodenum (33%, n=3) than in the rectum (71%, n=34). Including 11 of 16 patients with NETs who underwent a conservative approach resulting in non-curative resection, no patients developed tumor recurrence during the follow-up period (median, 24.5 months; range, 1–60 months). ESD followed by surveillance demonstrated acceptable mid-term outcomes for non-curative NETs.
Conclusions: ESD can be an efficient therapy for SELs localized within the submucosa. However, gastric and duodenal ESD for NETs may be limited in terms of its curative and technical aspects. Clinicians should be aware of the potential complications of ESD for indeterminate SELs.
Association of Serum Homocysteine Levels with Histological Severity of NAFLD
Authors: Xu Yilun , Guan Yaqi , Yang Xingyi , Xia Ziqiang , Wu Jinming 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims: Studies on the association between homocysteine and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have shown inconsistent results. Our study concerns the association of homocysteine with the histological severity of NAFLD, especially non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and significant fibrosis (SF) after adjusting for other well-identified risk factors.
Methods: This study enrolled 289 patients with biopsy proven NAFLD. The association of homocysteine with the severe histological features was examined using multivariable logistic regression analysis and subgroup analysis. The area under curves (AUC) and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test for the adjusted logistic regression models was analyzed.
Results: After multivariable regression analysis, homocysteine showed significant correlation with NASH (OR 0.79 95%CI: 0.69-0.89), p<0.001) and SF (OR 0.83 95%CI: 0.72-0.95, p=0.009). Spearman’s correlation analysis showed homocysteine levels were inversely correlated with the grade of hepatocellular ballooning and the stage of liver fibrosis (Spearman’s ρ=-0.13, p=0.033; Spearman’s ρ=-0.16, p=0.007), but had no correlation with the severity of steatosis and lobular inflammation. The subgroup analyses showed that homocysteine was strongly associated with NASH in females but was weaker in males (female OR: 0.61 95%CI: 0.45-0.84; male 0.86 95%CI: 0.75-0.99), and on SF showed no significant differences in the subgroups. The models showed good discrimination for NASH (AUC 0.789, 95% CI: 0.736-0.843) and for SF (0.784 95%CI: 0.719-0.848) and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, p=0.346 for NASH; p=0.908 for SF).
Conclusion: Elevated serum homocysteine levels are negatively associated with NASH and SF in subjects with NAFLD.
Vocal Fold Paralysis is a Common Complication in Esophageal Cancer Patients with Esophagorespiratory Fistula
Authors: Paul Gregor , Echterdiek Fabian , Bohle Wolfram , Zoller Wolfram 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims: The development of an esophagorespiratory fistula (ERF) in patients with esophageal cancer (EC) is associated with poor prognosis. We observed a high rate of vocal fold paralysis (VFP) in patients with ERF. Data on prevalence and complications of VFP in ERF are lacking. The present study investigated the incidence of VFP in patients with malignant ERF and examined possible risk factors and the impact on survival.
Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study of 46 institutional cases of EC patients with ERF in a time period of eleven years. Patients were matched to 92 randomly selected controls (EC patients without ERF) in a 1:2 fashion for tumor localization and histology. Demographics, clinical characteristics, recurrence, treatment modalities as well as survival were analyzed.
Results: Esophageal cancer patients with ERF developed more often VFP than EC patients without ERF (59% vs. 21%; p=0.02; odds ratio (OR) 4.9). Esophageal cancer patients with ERF had a more pronounced weight loss (7.1 vs. 11.5 kg; P = 0.008), as well as higher rates of esophageal (p=<0.001; OR 22.9) and tracheal stenting (p=<0.001; OR 76.8). Proximal tumor growth (p=0.004; OR 7.9), fistula formation to the trachea (p=<0.001; OR 17.2) and recurrent disease (p=0.04, OR 4.7) was associated with VFP development in EC patients with ERF. Vocal fold paralysis in ERF did not adversely affect five-year survival.
Conclusions: Vocal fold paralysis is a common complication in more than half of the patients with ERF in EC. It is associated with proximal tumor growth, fistula formation to the trachea and disease recurrence, but does not influence survival.
Efficacy of Hemospray in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mutneja Hemant , Bhurwal Abhishek , Go Andrew , Sidhu Gurpartap Singh , Arora Shilpa , Attar Bashar M 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims: Hemospray is a non-contact modality of endoscopic hemostasis that has been used in the management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) with varying success. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of Hemospray in the management of UGIB.
Methods: An electronic bibliographic search of digital dissertation databases was performed from inception till October 2019. All prospective studies, including randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of Hemospray in the management of UGIB were analysed. The primary outcome was immediate haemostasis and the secondary outcome was rebleeding rate. Subgroup analyses based on etiology of UGIB (tumour-related, variceal, etc) were also performed.
Results: A total of 11 prospective studies, including 4 randomized trials were included for the analysis. The pooled immediate haemostasis rate with Hemospray was 93% (95% CI 90.3-95%, p<0.001). Rebleeding occurred in 14.4% (95% CI 8.8-22.8%, p<0.001) of patients. For the subgroup of tumour-related bleeding, the immediate haemostasis rate was 95.3% (95% CI 89.6-97.3%; p <0.001) and rebleeding rate was 21.9% (95% CI 13.9-32.7%, p <0.001). In patients with variceal bleeding, immediate haemostasis was achieved in 92.7% (95% CI 83.6-96.9%; p<0.001) of patients, with a rebleeding rate of 3.1% (95% CI 0.9-10.2%, p <0.001).
Conclusion: Hemospray shows high immediate haemostasis and low bleeding percentages. The odds were in its favour compared to conventional endoscopic modalities, but not statistically significant. The results are undermined by the risk of bias in the studies. Nevertheless, it is an easy technique that should be further investigated with better studies.
Reverse knowledge transfer from Central to Western Europe: Selected Case Studies
Authors: Ferencikova Sonia 
Published: March 2020

Reverse knowledge transfer refers to the knowledge flow from the subsidiaries to the parent companies. The paper analyzes if the subsidiaries located in former transitional country (Slovakia) can create and transfer original knowledge to the parent companies in so-called developed Western Europe and focuses on the drivers, communication channels and contributions of such a knowledge flow for both, the headquarters and the subsidiaries. Qualitative research of four subsidiaries of multinational corporations was conducted to identify reverse knowledge transfers and to study them in-depth using case study method.
Outcome of capital investment on labor productivity in agriculture sector of Ukraine
Authors: Onegina Viktoriya , Megits Nikolay , Antoshchenkova Vitalina , Boblovskyi Oleksandr 
Published: March 2020

Ukraine's agricultural sector accounts for 17% of the country's GDP and is continuously growing. For six consecutive years (2013-2018), Ukraine harvested over 60 million tons of grain annually, and 2018 export of ag commodities reached $18.6 billion. (State, 2020). The anticipated land reform envisions lifting the moratorium on the agricultural land sale, which should encourage capital investments in ag. The article analyzes the trends of investment opportunities in the Ukrainian ag sector for the last decade. The regression analysis of labor productivity with variables of fixed capital-worker ratio and yield of grain confirmed that the function of labor productivity depended on the value of fixed capital per worker. As the U.S. investment in ag machinery export to Ukraine plays a significant role, we evaluated its effect on the current level of labor productivity in the Ukrainian agribusiness, comparing it with the U.S. farming outcome.
Három Kossuth-díjas bajai építész
Authors: Mezős Tamás 
Published: March 2020

Két évtized különbséggel született Baja városában három fiatalember, akik az érettségi vizsga letétele után a Magyar Királyi József Nádor Műegyetemen az Építészeti Osztály, majd Kar hallgatói lettek. Mindhármójuk elnyerte a legrangosabb hazai állami kitüntetést, a Kossuth-díjat. Major Máté és Hajnóczi Gyula a Kar professzorai és a Magyar Tudományos Akadémia tagjai lettek. A legidősebb, Miskolczy László pedig gyakorló tervezőként vált a hazai építészet kiemelkedő alkotójává. Míg Major és Hajnóczi pályája a Műegyetemhez, közelebbről az építészettörténet oktatásához kötődött, addig Miskolczy 1956-ban, néhány hónappal a rangos elismerés átvétele után az Egyesült Államokba emigrált. Szerkezettervezőként új, választott hazájában ért el sikereket.
A dolgozat az azonos környezetből, egy kisvárosi értelmiségi, középosztálybeli családból induló, azonos hivatást választó és Magyarországon a legrangosabb kitüntetést elnyerő építészekre emlékezik. Miskolczy születésének 2020-ban lesz 120., Hajnóczi születésének pedig 100. évfordulója. Az évfordulókat kutatva derült ki, hogy Majort akadémiai levelező taggá 70 évvel ezelőtt, 1949-ben választották.
A fellelhető adatok alapján részlegesen rekonstruálható volt Miskolczy László hazai munkássága. Az elegáns bajai I. világháborús emlékműtől a Haditengerészeti emlékművön át néhány bérház, lakóház és középület megvalósult terveiig. A csúcspontot Miskolczy esetében feltétlenül a mátraházi kórház jelentette, a maga organikus kapcsolatai miatt.
Major Máté professzor pályája tervező építészként a tatabányai élmunkás házak tervezésével 1949-ben lezárult. A két háború közötti szakmapolitikai tevékenysége professzori kinevezésének elnyerése után teljesedett ki. Építészetelméleti munkássága mind a hazai, mind pedig a nemzetközi szakirodalomban visszhangra talált.
Hajnóczi Gyula az antik építészet európai jelentőségű kutatójaként és helyreállítójaként vált ismertté. Az aquincumi romkert bemutatásának és kivitelezésének tervezőjeként részesévé vált szinte valamennyi római kori emlék revitalizációjának. Építészetelméleti munkássága egy sajátos építészeti térelmélet bevezetőjének megalkotásában befejezetlen maradt, de gondolatai segítették az utódok gondolkodásának kialakulását a térfogalom megismerése területén.
Laparoszkópos és nyitott komplett mezokólikus excízió összehasonlítása nyitott és laparoszkópos konvencionális műtéttel jobb oldali vastagbéldaganatoknál – retrospektív feldolgozás, kezdeti tapasztalatok
Authors: Vajda Kornél , Horti Ildikó , Cserni Gábor , Bori Rita , Sikorszki László 
Published: March 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Hohenberger 2009-ben a totális mezorectális excízió
(TME) elvét átültette a kolonsebészetbe, és az új műtétet komplett mezokólikus
excíziónak nevezte el (CME). A CME lényege az érintett kolonszakasz eltávolítása
a viszcerális peritoneum sérülése nélkül az ellátó erek centrális lekötésével a
viszcerális és parietális fascia közötti embrionális rétegben preparálva. Ez
nyitottan és laparoszkóppal is végezhető. Célkitűzés: Válogatás
nélküli beteganyagon meggyőződni arról, hogy elvégezhető-e a CME laparoszkóppal
hasonló eredménnyel, mint nyílt műtét során. Eredmények: 2016.
09. 01. és 2019. 06. 30. között 156 műtét történt jobb oldali malignus
vastagbéldaganat miatt. 143 esetben végeztünk kuratív reszekciót, 63 férfi és 80
nőbetegnél. Az átlagéletkor férfiaknál 71,5 évnek, míg nőknél 73 évnek
bizonyult. 84 műtétet laparoszkóppal, 59 műtétet nyitottan végeztünk.
Konvencionális műtét 56 esetben, míg CME 87 esetben történt. Az átlagos
kolonhossz konvencionális műtétnél 22,34 cm, míg CME esetén 24,97 cm volt
(p = 0,18). A nyirokcsomók átlagos száma a hagyományos
műtétnél 15,4, míg CME esetén 16,9 volt (p = 0,24). Az átlagos
műtéti idő nyitott műtétnél 111, míg laparoszkópos műtétnél 136 perc volt
(p = 0,0014), az átlagos ápolási idő pedig a szövődményes
esetek nélkül a nyitott csoportban 7,47, míg a laparoszkópos csoportban 5,65
napnak bizonyult (p = 0,0004). Megbeszélés: A
korai eredmények alapján az mondható, hogy laparoszkóppal is elvégezhető a műtét
hasonló eredményekkel, valamivel rövidebb ápolási idővel.
Mediating identities
Authors: Napier Jemina , Skinner Robert , Young Alys , Oram Rosemary 
Published: March 2020

Deaf people's lives are frequently predicated on working with interpreters. Identity becomes known and performed through the translated self in many interactions with hearing, non-signing people. Taking an interdisciplinary approach in combining interpreting studies, deaf studies, applied linguistics and social research, the ‘Translating the Deaf Self’ project, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (UK), sought to explore the experience of deaf people and other stakeholders of the lived experience of being translated. Drawing on discourses of identity, representation and trust, this paper gives an overview of the findings from two focus groups with sign language interpreters (n = 7) on their perspectives of the experiences of deaf signers being ‘known’ through interpreting. Social constructionism underpinned our approach to data analysis and the dominant theme of ‘trust’ was examined with reference to a framework for trustworthiness developed by Alan Jones and Samantha Sin. In particular, we focus on the issue of trust in relation to representation, relationships, ability and boundaries. The main findings demonstrate that sign language interpreters are acutely aware of the responsibility they have to represent deaf signers, especially at work, and thus represent their professional-and-deaf identities, and the important role of trust for deaf professionals to feel represented through interpreters. Open Access Attribution: CC BY
Soil Phosphorus Fractions as Influenced by Different Cropping Systems: Direct and Indirect Effects of Soil properties on Different P Pools of Nitisols of Wolayta, Ethiopia
Authors: Boke Shiferaw , Beyene Sheleme , Gebrekidan Heluf 
Published: March 2020

Data from 12 surface soils (0 – 15 cm depth)of three cropping systems (enset, maize and grazing land) and path analysis was used to evaluate effects of soil properties: pH, texture (Clay, silt and sand) , organic carbon (OC) cation exchange capacity (CEC),citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate (CDB) extractable Fe and Al (Fed and Ald) on total phosphorous (Pt), organic phosphorous (Po), Olsen P (Available P) and Chang and Jackson (1957) inorganic phosphorous (Pi) fractions. Correlation analysis was performed to study the relationships between soil properties and different soil P pools while path analysis model was used to evaluate direct and indirect effect of these soil properties on the P pools. Only soil properties that significantly contribute to the fit of the model were used. High significant values of coefficient of determination (R2) and low values of uncorrelated residual (U) values indicate the path analysis model explains most of the variations in soil Pt, Po, Olsen-P, Saloid-P, Ca-P, Al-P, and Fe-P pools. Soil pH had significantly high and positive direct effect (D = 0.618*) on Pt, (D = 1.044***) on saloid P, and (D = 1.109***) on Fe-P with modest and negative indirect effect (D= -0.478 and -0.405) on saloid P and Fe-P, respectively, through OC. The direct effect of clay on Ca-P, Al-P and Fe-P (readily available P forms) was significant and negative with a relatively higher indirect effect on Fe-P through pH suggesting that clay is dominant soil property that influences readily available P pools in Nitisols of the study area. Fed had significant and negative direct effect (D = -0.430*) on Olsen available P with low negative indirect effect ( D = -0.154) through pH results in significant and negative correlation (r = -0.657*). The significant and negative direct effect of Fed on Olsen P indicates that crystalline iron is the sink for available P. Relative influence of the soil properties on the soil P pools was in the order: pH > clay > Fed > OC. These results show that most of P pools of Nitisols of Wolayita are best predicted from pH, clay (texture), Fed and OC. On the other hand, our data also show that the inclusion of other soil variables is needed to fully predict Ca-P and stable P pools.
The Economics of Deposit-Refund Systems: Exploring the Market-Based Environmental Policies to Sustain the Ecological Balance of Dhaka City
Authors: Toufique Mohammad Mokammel Karim , Masoom Muhammad Rehan 
Published: March 2020

Bangladesh was not familiar with the uses of plastics as containers a few decades ago. However, in recent years, particularly its large cities like Dhaka have experienced a widespread and growing use of plastic products that posits the threat to pollute the environment as well as creates health hazards and hinders sustainable development. Furthermore, the unscrupulous traders who refill thousands of empty plastic bottles with unclean tap water make the situation worse. The country needs some adequate steps to restore and sustain the ecological balance and before taking any initiative it is imperative to explore the measures that the developed countries have employed to manage their plastic bottle disposals effectively. The Container-deposit legislation (CDL) is a widely used initiative that entails a series of financial refund on smooth-drink, juice, milk, water, alcohol-beverage, and other reusable packaging at the point of sale. When the bottle or container is returned to an authorized redemption center, or to the unique vendor in a few jurisdictions, the deposit is partly or fully refunded to the redeemer, presumed to be the unique purchaser. The study explores different schemes that the North American countries, European and the Scandinavian Nations have adopted, identifies the problems they faced, analyzes the present condition of Dhaka city and attempts to explain how and why the legislation need to be implemented in Bangladesh.