bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and distribution of livestock schistosomiasis and fascioliasis in Côte d’Ivoire: results from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kouadio Jules N. , Giovanoli Evack Jennifer , Achi Louise Y. , Fritsche Dominik , Ouattara Mamadou , Silué Kigbafori D. , Bonfoh Bassirou , Hattendorf Jan , Utzinger Jürg , Zinsstag Jakob , Balmer Oliver , N’Goran Eliézer K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundSchistosomaandFasciolaare zoonotic parasites of public health and veterinary importance. However, while the epidemiology of schistosomiasis in humans is well studied, little is known about fascioliasis and schistosomiasis in livestock in Côte d’Ivoire. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the distribution of livestock schistosomiasis and fascioliasis across Côte d’Ivoire.In 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in abattoirs and farms in 13 departments of Côte d’Ivoire. In abattoirs, the mesenteric veins and livers of slaughtered cattle, sheep and goats were examined for adultSchistosomaandFasciolaflukes. Faeces from live cattle, goats and sheep were collected and examined forSchistosomaandFasciolaeggs using a sedimentation technique.ResultsA total of 386 cattle, 174 goats and 151 sheep from abattoirs and 435 cattle, 22 goats and 176 sheep from farms were sampled. The observed prevalence of schistosomiasis was higher in slaughtered animals. Fascioliasis was more prevalent in farm animals. The prevalence of schistosomiasis in slaughtered cattle varied between 5.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.7–19.7%) and 53.3% (95% CI: 37.9–68.3%) with the highest prevalence observed in Ouangolodougou in the North. Cattle from farms had a relatively low prevalence of schistosomiasis, with the highest prevalence found in Ouangolodougou (2.4%, 95% CI: 0.7–6.1%). The prevalence of fascioliasis varied considerably from one department to another, ranging from nil (95% CI: 0.0–18.5%) to 50.8% (95% CI: 43.4–58.2%), with the highest prevalence found in farm cattle in Dikodougou in the North. Sheep and goats had a lower prevalence of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis than cattle. In slaughtered animals, cattle aged 4 years and older were at highest risk for schistosomiasis (odds ratio (OR): 2.4; 95% CI: 1.0–5.6) and fascioliasis (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1–3.9). In farm animals, male cattle had higher odds of being infected withSchistosoma(OR: 4.3; 95% CI: 0.7–26.9) than females.ConclusionsOur study confirms that schistosomiasis and fascioliasis are endemic in livestock across Côte d’Ivoire. A strategic control programme should be considered, especially for cattle, including providing drinking water in troughs to reduce faecal contamination of water sources by cattle.
A survey of knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding malaria and bed nets on Bubaque Island, Guinea-Bissau
Authors: Hutchins Harry , Power Grace , Ant Thomas , Teixeira da Silva Eunice , Goncalves Adriana , Rodrigues Amabelia , Logan James , Mabey David , Last Anna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMalaria remains a significant public health problem in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. Government control measures include bed net distribution campaigns, however, local knowledge, attitudes and practices towards bed nets and malaria are uncharacterized on the remote Bijagos Archipelago.MethodsKnowledge, attitude and practice questionnaires were conducted with household heads, aiming to explore the understanding of malaria and factors influencing bed net uptake and usage. Nets were observed in situ to appraise net quality and behaviour. All 14 villages and one semi-urban neighbourhood on Bubaque Island were included. One in 5 households containing school-aged children were randomly selected.ResultsOf 100 participants, 94 were aware of malaria and 66 of those considered it a significant or severe problem, primarily because of its impact on health and income. Transmission, symptoms and risk factors were well known, however, 28.0% of participants felt under-informed. Some 80.0% reported contact with distribution campaigns, with inter-village variability. Campaign contact was associated with feeling well informed (OR 3.44; P = 0.024) and inversely with perceiving malaria a household (OR 0.18; P = 0.002) or regional problem (OR 0.25; P = 0.018). Every household contained nets; every identifiable example was a long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN), however, 23.0% of households contained at least one expired net. Replacements were in demand; 89.0% of households reported that all residents used nets, and average occupancy was 2.07 people per net; 65.2% stated that the repurposing of bed nets was common. Correctly using bed nets, defined by age, integrity and demonstration, was 35.0% and strongly associated with completing intermittent preventative treatment in pregnancy (RR 3.63; P = 0.014).ConclusionsKnowledge of malaria is good in these communities. Bed nets are used widely and are valued for their role in preventing malaria. However, their use is frequently sub-optimal and offers a target for improving malaria control by adapting popular distribution campaigns to provide more education alongside fresh LLINs. The impact of this could be significant as LLINs represent the mainstay of malaria prevention in Guinea-Bissau; however, the persistence of malaria despite the high uptake of LLINs seen in this study suggests that novel supplementary approaches must also be considered.
Environmental chemicals, breast cancer progression and drug resistance
Authors: Koual Meriem , Tomkiewicz Céline , Cano-Sancho German , Antignac Jean-Philippe , Bats Anne-Sophie , Coumoul Xavier 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is one of the most common causes of cancer in the world and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Mortality is associated mainly with the development of metastases. Identification of the mechanisms involved in metastasis formation is, therefore, a major public health issue. Among the proposed risk factors, chemical environment and pollution are increasingly suggested to have an effect on the signaling pathways involved in metastatic tumor cells emergence and progression. The purpose of this article is to summarize current knowledge about the role of environmental chemicals in breast cancer progression, metastasis formation and resistance to chemotherapy. Through a scoping review, we highlight the effects of a wide variety of environmental toxicants, including persistent organic pollutants and endocrine disruptors, on invasion mechanisms and metastatic processes in BC. We identified the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cancer-stemness (the stem cell-like phenotype in tumors), two mechanisms suspected of playing key roles in the development of metastases and linked to chemoresistance, as potential targets of contaminants. We discuss then the recently described pro-migratory and pro-invasive Ah receptor signaling pathway and conclude that his role in BC progression is still controversial. In conclusion, although several pertinent pathways for the effects of xenobiotics have been identified, the mechanisms of actions for multiple other molecules remain to be established. The integral role of xenobiotics in the exposome in BC needs to be further explored through additional relevant epidemiological studies that can be extended to molecular mechanisms.
Cost-effectiveness of a novel smartphone application to mobilize first responders after witnessed OHCA in Belgium
Authors: Vercammen Steven , Moens Esther 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
EVapp (Emergency Volunteer Application) is a Belgian smartphone application that mobilizes volunteers to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation with publicly available automatic external defibrillators (AED) after an emergency call for suspected out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The aim is to bridge the time before the arrival of the emergency services.

Methods
An accessible model was developed, using literature data, to simulate survival and cost-effectiveness of nation-wide EVapp implementation. Initial validation was performed using field data from a first pilot study of EVapp implementation in a city in Flanders, covering 2.5 years of implementation.

Results
Simulation of nation-wide EVapp implementation resulted in an additional yearly 910 QALY gained over the current baseline case scenario (worst case 632; best case 3204). The cost per QALY associated with EVapp implementation was comparable to the baseline scenario, i.e., 17 vs 18 k€ QALY−1.

Conclusions
EVapp implementation was associated with a positive balance on amount of QALY gained and cost of QALY. This was a consequence of both the lower healthcare costs for patients with good neurological outcome and the more efficient use of yet available resources, which did not outweigh the costs of operation.
Mediation model of comorbid anxiety disorders in late-life depression
Authors: Suradom Chawisa , Wongpakaran Nahathai , Wongpakaran Tinakon , Lerttrakarnnon Peerasak , Jiraniramai Surin , Taemeeyapradit Unchulee , Lertkachatarn Surang , Arunpongpaisal Suwanna , Kuntawong Pimolpun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
A number of studies have been conducted on risk factors of comorbid anxiety disorders regarding late-life depression (LLD). This study investigated the associated factors and their relationship to comorbid anxiety disorders in LLD.

Methods
Participants included 190 elderly Thais (73.2% female, with a mean age of 68.39 ± 6.74 years) with depressive disorders, diagnosed according to DSM-IV Diagnosis Axis I disorders assessed by Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic data, medical and psychiatric history, family psychiatric history, past depression, family history of depression, Neuroticism Inventory and 7-Item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-7) were analyzed for path analysis using Structural Equation Model framework. The bootstrapping method was used for testing indirect effects.

Results
Being female was associated with comorbid anxiety disorders with an indirect effect (β = − 0.032, P = 0.018) through neuroticism, depression severity, history and family history of depression. Family history of depression had no effect on comorbidity (P = 0.090). Neuroticism had an indirect effect on comorbid anxiety disorders (β = 0.075, P = 0.019) via depression severity as reflected by HAMD-7 score (β = 0.412, P =  < 0.001). Total variance explained from this model was 11%. This model had good-fit index with Chi-square > 0.05, CFI and TLI > 0.95 and RMSEA < 0.06.

Conclusion
Neuroticism mediates the effect of relationship between sex, family history and history of depressive disorders and comorbid anxiety disorders in LLD. Moreover, depression severity is a mediator for neuroticism and comorbid anxiety disorders. Longitudinal studies are warranted to indicate the importance of effective treatment of depression to lower the risk of developing comorbid anxiety disorders among depressed elderly.
Perioperative hypoalbuminemia is a risk factor for wound complications following posterior lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: He Zhongyuan , Zhou Kai , Tang Ke , Quan Zhengxue , Liu Shaoyu , Su Bao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Although serum albumin levels are increasingly used as an indicator of nutritional status in the clinic, the relationship between perioperative hypoalbuminemia and wound complications after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease remains ambiguous. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative serum albumin in relation to postoperative wound complications after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of single-segment lumbar degenerative disease.

Material and methods
We reviewed patients who underwent single-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery from December 2014 to April 2017 in the Department of Orthopedics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Perioperative (preoperative and early postoperative) serum albumin levels were assessed in all patients and were used to quantify nutritional status. We divided the patients into a surgical wound dehiscence (SWD) group and a normal wound healing group and into a surgical site infection (SSI) group and a non-SSI group. To evaluate the relationship between perioperative serum albumin level and postoperative wound complications, we conducted univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses.

Results
A total of 554 patients were enrolled in the study. The univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis of these differences showed that preoperative serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl (P = 0.001) and postoperative serum albumin < 3.0 g/dl (P = 0.001) were significantly correlated to SWD. There were also significant differences between the SSI groups in terms of preoperative serum albumin < 3.5 g/dl (P = 0.001) and chronic steroid use (P = 0.003). Additionally, the increased hospitalization costs (P < 0.001) and length of hospitalization (P < 0.001) were statistically significant for patients with perioperative hypoalbuminemia.

Conclusions
For patients who underwent single-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery, we need to pay more attention to perioperative hypoalbuminemia and chronic steroid use, which are more likely to be associated with increased wound complications, hospitalization costs, and length of hospitalization after surgery. Adequate assessment and management of these risk factors will help reduce wound complications and hospital stays for surgical patients and will save medical costs.
Pain drawings as a diagnostic tool for the differentiation between two pain-associated rare diseases (Ehlers-Danlos-Syndrome, Guillain-Barré-Syndrome)
Authors: Wester Larissa , Mücke Martin , Bender Tim Theodor Albert , Sellin Julia , Klawonn Frank , Conrad Rupert , Szczypien Natasza 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The diagnosis of rare diseases poses a particular challenge to clinicians. This study analyzes whether patients’ pain drawings (PDs) help in the differentiation of two pain-associated rare diseases, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS).

Method
The study was designed as a prospective, observational, single-center study. The sample comprised 60 patients with EDS (3 male, 52 female, 5 without gender information; 39.2 ± 11.4 years) and 32 patients with GBS (10 male, 20 female, 2 without gender information; 50.5 ± 13.7 years). Patients marked areas afflicted by pain on a sketch of a human body with anterior, posterior, and lateral views. PDs were electronically scanned and processed. Each PD was classified based on the Ružička similarity to the EDS and the GBS averaged image (pain profile) in a leave-one-out cross validation approach. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted.

Results
60–80% of EDS patients marked the vertebral column with the neck and the tailbone and the knee joints as pain areas, 40–50% the shoulder-region, the elbows and the thumb saddle joint. 60–70% of GBS patients marked the dorsal and plantar side of the feet as pain areas, 40–50% the palmar side of the fingertips, the dorsal side of the left palm and the tailbone. 86% of the EDS patients and 96% of the GBS patients were correctly identified by computing the Ružička similarity. The ROC curve yielded an excellent area under the curve value of 0.95.

Conclusion
PDs are a useful and economic tool to differentiate between GBS and EDS. Further studies should investigate its usefulness in the diagnosis of other pain-associated rare diseases. This study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register, No. DRKS00014777 (Deutsches Register klinischer Studien, DRKS), on 01.06.2018.
HDAC3 deteriorates colorectal cancer progression via microRNA-296-3p/TGIF1/TGFβ axis
Authors: Li Jinxiao , Hu Man , Liu Na , Li Huarong , Yu Zhaomin , Yan Qian , Zhou Minfeng , Wang Yayuan , Song Yanjuan , Pan Guangtao , Liang Fengxia , Chen Rui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The mechanism of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in colorectal cancer (CRC) has already been discussed. However, the feedback loop of HDAC3/microRNA (miR)-296-3p and transforming growth factor β-induced factor 1 (TGIF1) in CRC has not been explained clearly. Thus, the mainstay of this study is to delve out the mechanism of this axis in CRC.

Methods
To demonstrate that HDAC3 regulates the miR-296-3p/TGIF1/TGFβ axis and is involved in CRC progression, a series of cell biological, molecular and biochemical approaches were conducted from the clinical research level, in vitro experiments and in vivo experiments. These methods included RT-qPCR, Western blot assay, cell transfection, MTT assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, scratch test, Transwell assay, dual luciferase reporter gene assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, nude mouse xenograft, H&E staining and TUNEL staining.

Results
Higher HDAC3 and TGIF1 and lower miR-296-3p expression levels were found in CRC tissues. HDAC3 was negatively connected with miR-296-3p while positively correlated with TGIF1, and miR-296-3p was negatively connected with TGIF1. Depleted HDAC3 elevated miR-296-3p expression and reduced TGIF1 expression, decreased TGFβ pathway-related proteins, inhibited CRC proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and slowed down tumor growth and induction of apoptosis in vivo, which were reversed by miR-296-3p knockdown. Restored miR-296-3p suppressed TGIF1 and reduced TGFβ pathway-related proteins, inhibited CRC proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro and slowed down tumor growth and induction of apoptosis in vivo, which were reversed by TGIF1 overexpression.

Conclusion
This study illustrates that down-regulation of HDAC3 or TGIF1 or up-regulation of miR-296-3p discourages CRC cell progression and slows down tumor growth, which guides towards a novel direction of CRC treatment.
Inhibition of SIRT6 potentiates the anti-tumor effect of doxorubicin through suppression of the DNA damage repair pathway in osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhang Zhongkai , Ha Sang Hoon , Moon Young Jae , Hussein Usama Khamis , Song Yiping , Kim Kyoung Min , Park See-Hyoung , Park Ho Sung , Park Byung-Hyun , Ahn Ae-Ri , Lee Sang-A , Ahn Su Jin , Kim Jung Ryul , Jang Kyu Yun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
SIRT6 has diverse roles in cells, and the role of SIRT6 in tumorigenesis is controversial. Considering the role of SIRT6 as an inducer of DNA damage repair, it might be involved in resistance to anti-cancer therapy.

Methods
We evaluated the prognostic significance of SIRT6 in 37 osteosarcomas and investigated the therapeutic efficacy of SIRT6 on the anticancer effects of doxorubicin, olaparib, and ATM inhibitor.

Results
Immunohistochemical expression of SIRT6 was significantly associated with shorter overall survival and relapse-free survival of osteosarcoma patients, especially in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy. In U2OS and KHOS/NP osteosarcoma cells, knock-down of SIRT6 significantly potentiated apoptotic effects of doxorubicin and SIRT6 overexpression induced resistance to doxorubicin. Moreover, SIRT6 induced the DNA damage repair pathway and SIRT6-mediated resistance to doxorubicin was attenuated by blocking the DNA damage repair pathway with olaparib and ATM inhibitor.

Conclusions
This study suggests that suppression of SIRT6 in combination with doxorubicin might be an effective modality in the treatment of osteosarcoma patients, especially for osteosarcomas with shorter survival with high expression of SIRT6.
Analysis and reporting of stratified cluster randomized trials—a systematic survey
Authors: Borhan Sayem , Papaioannou Alexandra , Ma Jinhui , Adachi Jonathan , Thabane Lehana 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
In order to correctly assess the effect of intervention from stratified cluster randomized trials (CRTs), it is necessary to adjust for both clustering and stratification, as failure to do so leads to misleading conclusions about the intervention effect. We have conducted a systematic survey to examine the current practices about analysis and reporting of stratified CRTs.

Method
We used the search terms to identify the stratified CRTs from MEDLINE since the inception to July 2019. In phase 1, we screened the title and abstract for English-only studies and selected, including the main results paper of the identified protocols, for the next phase. In phase 2, we screened the full text and selected studies for data abstraction. The data abstraction form was piloted and developed using the REDCap. We abstracted data on multiple design and methodological aspects of the study including whether the primary method adjusted for both clustering and stratification, reporting of sample size, randomization, and results.

Results
We screened 2686 studies in the phase 1 and selected 286 studies for phase 2—among them 185 studies were selected for data abstraction. Most of the selected studies were two-arm 140/185 (76%) and parallel-group 165/185 (89%) trials. Among these 185 studies, 27 (15%) of them did not provide any sample size or power calculation, while 105 (57%) studies did not mention any method used for randomization within each stratum. Further, 43 (23%) and 150 (81%) of 185 studies did not provide the definition of all the strata, while more than 60% of the studies did not include all the stratification variable(s) in the flow chart or baseline characteristics table. More than half 114/185 (62%) of the studies did not adjust the primary method for both clustering and stratification.

Conclusion
Stratification helps to achieve the balance among intervention groups. However, to correctly assess the intervention effect from stratified CRTs, it is important to adjust the primary analysis for both stratification and clustering. There are significant deficiencies in the reporting of methodological aspects of stratified CRTs, which require substantial improvements in several areas including definition of strata, inclusion of stratification variable(s) in the flow chart or baseline characteristics table, and reporting the stratum-specific number of clusters and individuals in the intervention groups.
The tumor suppressor Zinc finger protein 471 suppresses breast cancer growth and metastasis through inhibiting AKT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Tao Chunfang , Luo Juan , Tang Jun , Zhou Danfeng , Feng Shujun , Qiu Zhu , Putti Thomas C. , Xiang Tingxiu , Tao Qiao , Li Lili , Ren Guosheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Zinc-finger protein 471 (ZNF471) is a member of the Krüppel-associated box domain zinc finger protein (KRAB-ZFP) family. ZNF471 is methylated in squamous cell carcinomas of tongue, stomach and esophageal. However, its role in breast carcinogenesis remains elusive. Here, we studied its expression, functions, and molecular mechanisms in breast cancer.

Methods
We examined ZNF471 expression by RT-PCR and qPCR. Methylation-specific PCR determined its promoter methylation. Its biological functions and related molecular mechanisms were assessed by CCK-8, clonogenicity, wound healing, Transwell, nude mice tumorigenicity, flow cytometry, BrdU-ELISA, immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays.

Results
ZNF471 was significantly downregulated in breast cell lines and tissues due to its promoter CpG methylation, compared with normal mammary epithelial cells and paired surgical-margin tissues. Ectopic expression of ZNF471 substantially inhibited breast tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo, arrested cell cycle at S phase, and promoted cell apoptosis, as well as suppressed metastasis. Further knockdown of ZNF471 verified its tumor-suppressive effects. We also found that ZNF471 exerted its tumor-suppressive functions through suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor cell stemness and AKT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Conclusions
ZNF471 functions as a tumor suppressor that was epigenetically inactivated in breast cancer. Its inhibition of AKT and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms underlying its anti-cancer effects.