bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting Neutrophils for Enhanced Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Tang Longguang , Wang Zhantong , Mu Qingchun , Yu Zhiqiang , Jacobson Orit , Li Ling , Yang Weijing , Huang Chunming , Kang Fei , Fan Wenpei , Ma Ying , Wang Maosheng , Zhou Zijian , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImproving tumor accumulation and delivery efficiency is an important goal of nanomedicine. Neutrophils play a vital role in both chemically mediating inflammatory response through myeloperoxidase (MPO) and biologically promoting metastasis during inflammation triggered by the primary tumor or environmental stimuli. Herein, a novel theranostic nanomedicine that targets both the chemical and biological functions of neutrophils in tumor is designed, facilitating the enhanced retention and sustained release of drug cargos for improved cancer theranostics. 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) is equipped onto nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with photosensitizers and Zileuton (a leukotriene inhibitor) to obtain MPO and neutrophil targeting NPs, denoted as HZ‐5 NPs. The MPO targeting property of 5‐HT modified NPs is confirmed by noninvasive positron emission tomography imaging studies. Furthermore, photodynamic therapy is used to initiate the inflammatory response which further mediated the accumulation and retention of neutrophil targeting NPs in a breast cancer model. This design renders a greatly improved theranostic nanomedicine for efficient tumor suppression, and more importantly, inhibition of neutrophil‐mediated lung metastasis via the sustained release of Zileuton. This work presents a novel strategy of targeting neutrophils for improved tumor theranostics, which may open up new avenues in designing nanomedicine through exploiting the tumor microenvironment.
Van der Waals Epitaxy of Horizontally Orientated Bismuth Iodide/Silicon Heterostructure for Nonvolatile Resistive‐Switching Memory with Multistate Data Storage
Authors: Li Chia‐Shuo , Kuo Sheng‐Wen , Wu Yu‐Tien , Chang Po‐Hang , Ni I‐Chih , Chen Mei‐Hsin , Wu Chih‐I 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe film quality of insulators significantly affects performance of resistive random‐access memories (RRAMs), particularly in current leakage and degradation. In this study, a facile and practical method is employed to achieve the van der Waals epitaxy of bismuth iodide (BiI3) on silicon by using a self‐assembled monolayer of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) as a buffer layer. The BiI3layer is compact and has high crystallinity, a pinhole‐free, and compact surface; every BiI3crystal is horizontally aligned with OTS–Si substrate. The RRAMs with the Si++/OTS/BiI3/Au structure exhibit excellent resistive switching properties with a very high on/off ratio of 109, long‐term stability for data retention, high endurance in write–erase cycles, and multistate information storage capacity. The crystal orientation, anisotropic carrier transport, morphology, deposition rate, and roughness considerably influence the resistive switching results. These are thoroughly investigated by analyzing the current–voltage characteristics at various temperatures, scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction patterns. It is proposed that the resistive switching mechanisms is caused by the iodine ion migration, which changes the valence charge of bismuth. This leaves a partially formed conductive metallic bismuth filament in the BiI3layer under the electrical field that enables multistate data storage.
Advancing Metal‐Organic Frameworks toward Smart Sensing: Enhanced Fluorescence by a Photonic Metal‐Organic Framework for Organic Vapor Sensing
Authors: Olorunyomi Joseph F. , Sadiq Muhammad M. , Batten Michael , Konstas Kristina , Chen Dehong , Doherty Cara M. , Caruso Rachel A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolymer‐based colloidal crystals are promising materials for the enhancement of fluorescent emissions, however, due to limited porosity, they are not yet readily deployed in chemical vapor sensing. On the contrary, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are highly porous with an exceptional ability to detect a wide range of toxic chemicals through fluorescence. Here, it is shown for the first time how enhanced fluorescence of a fluorophore can be achieved by incorporating a fluorescent dye into a template‐free periodically structured MOF film. A 200‐fold fluorescent intensity amplification is observed when Nile red (NR) dye is adsorbed on zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) particles and is then assembled into a colloidal crystal film (NR∼ccZIF‐8) when compared to the disordered film (NR∼ZIF‐8). The NR∼ccZIF‐8 film shows a response to 100 ppm of acetone vapor at room temperature with a detection limit of 60 ppm. The NR∼ccZIF‐8 film shows more than 40 times higher sensitivity to toluene vapor at 770 ppm than NR adsorbed on polystyrene particles forming a colloidal crystal film. From this study, it is expected that MOFs will play a role in the future development of smart sensors for chemical and biomedical applications.
Isolated FeN4 Sites for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Li Xiaogang , Xi Shibo , Sun Libo , Dou Shuo , Huang Zhenfeng , Su Tan , Wang Xin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe construction of isolated metal sites represents a promising approach for electrocatalyst design toward the efficient electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2). Herein, Fe‐doped graphitic carbon nitride is rationally prepared by a simple adsorption method and is used as template to construct isolated FeN4 sites through a confined pyrolysis strategy, which avoids the agglomeration of metal atoms to particles during the synthesis process and thus provides abundant active sites for the CO2 reduction reaction. The isolated FeN4 sites lower the energy barrier for the key intermediate in the CO2 reduction process, leading to the enhanced selectivity for CO production with a faradaic efficiency of up to 93%.
Predicting activity coefficients with the Debye–Hückel theory using concentration dependent static permittivity
Authors: Lei Qun , Peng Baoliang , Sun Li , Luo Jianhui , Chen Yuan , Kontogeorgis Georgios M. , Liang Xiaodong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn order to investigate the impacts of a concentration dependent static permittivity in the Debye–Hückel theory, two electrostatic Helmholtz free energy models and four activity coefficient models, with the ion‐solvent interactions naturally included, are derived under different assumptions. The effects of static permittivity and model parameters are analyzed by predicting the mean ionic activity coefficients. It is found out that it is reasonable to assume a constant static permittivity in deriving the electrostatic Helmholtz free energy model but it is highly recommended to take the concentration dependence of static permittivity into account in subsequent calculations of thermodynamic properties. The activity coefficient model derived in this way accurately predicts the mean ionic activity coefficients of the investigated systems up to 0.1 mol/kg H2O, which indicates that the size parameters in the Debye–Hückel theory might be determined in advance before it is integrated into a more complete thermodynamic model.
Sonochemistry and Copper Catalysis: An Efficient Duo in the Synthesis of Chalcogenylindolizines
Authors: Penteado Filipe , Bettanin Luana , Machado Kethelyn , Perin Gelson , Alves Diego , Lenardão Eder J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHerein, we describe an efficient and selective Cu‐catalyzed C−H bond chalcogenation of the indolizine core, in the presence of DMSO and applying ultrasound irradiation as an alternative energy source. Under the optimal conditions, 3‐sulfanylindolizines (16 examples) were prepared in moderate to good yields starting from diorganyl disulfides and 2‐arylindolizines. When diphenyl diselenide was used, 1,3‐bis(selanyl) indolizines (4 examples) were exclusively obtained in very good yields. The use of ultrasound irradiation makes the reaction faster and more selective when compared to conventional heating.
Quality of life and caregiver burden in familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Analyses of symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals within the LEFFTDS cohort
Authors: Gentry Melanie T. , Lapid Maria I. , Syrjanen Jeremy , Calvert Kendrick , Hughes Samantha , Brushaber Danielle , Kremers Walter , Bove Jessica , Brannelly Patrick , Coppola Giovanni , Dheel Christina , Dickerson Bradley , Dickinson Susan , Faber Kelley , Fields Julie , Fong Jamie , Foroud Tatiana , Forsberg Leah , Gavrilova Ralitza , Gearhart Deb , Ghoshal Nupur , Goldman Jill , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Graff‐Radford Neill , Grossman Murray , Haley Dana , Heuer Hilary , Hsiung Ging‐Yuek , Huey Edward , Irwin David , Jones David , Jones Lynne , Kantarci Kejal , Karydas Anna , Knopman David , Kornak John , Kramer Joel , Kukull Walter , Lucente Diane , Lungu Codrin , Mackenzie Ian , Manoochehri Masood , McGinnis Scott , Miller Bruce , Pearlman Rodney , Petrucelli Len , Potter Madeline , Rademakers Rosa , Ramos Eliana Marisa , Rankin Katherine , Rascovsky Katya , Sengdy Pheth , Shaw Leslie , Tatton Nadine , Taylor Joanne , Toga Arthur , Trojanowski John , Weintraub Sandra , Wong Bonnie , Wszolek Zbigniew , Boeve Bradley F. , Boxer Adam , Rosen Howard ,   the LEFFTDS Consortium
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe Longitudinal Evaluation of Familial Frontotemporal Dementia Subjects evaluates familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) kindreds with MAPT, GRN, or C9orf72 mutations. Objectives were to examine whether health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) correlates with clinical symptoms and caregiver burden, and whether self‐rated and informant‐rated HRQoL would correlate with each other.MethodsIndividuals were classified using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR®) Scale plus National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) FTLD. HRQoL was measured with DEMQOL and DEMQOL‐proxy; caregiver burden with the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI). For analysis, Pearson correlations and weighted kappa statistics were calculated.ResultsThe cohort of 312 individuals included symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. CDR® plus NACC FTLD was negatively correlated with DEMQOL (r = −0.20, P = .001), as were ZBI and DEMQOL (r = −0.22, P = .0009). There was fair agreement between subject and informant DEMQOL (κ = 0.36, P <.0001).ConclusionLower HRQoL was associated with higher cognitive/behavior impairment and higher caregiver burden. These findings demonstrate the negative impact of FTLD on individuals and caregivers.
Margarine‐Like Emulsions Prepared with Coconut and Palm Oils: Analysis of Microstructure and Freeze–Thaw Stability by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Authors: Bertoia Luz , Wagner Jorge R. , Márquez Andrés L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe objective was to study the microstructure and freeze–thaw stability of margarine‐like emulsions formulated with vegetable fats using differential scanning calorimetry. Emulsions were prepared with 20% w/w dispersed aqueous phase and a continuous lipid phase composed by coconut oil (CO) and/or palm oil (PO) plus polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) as emulsifier. Mean temperature (TM) and crystallization enthalpy (ΔHc) were obtained from the exothermic peaks corresponding to freezing of aqueous phase. Successive cooling–heating–cooling cycles were applied to analyze changes in the exothermic peak. The emulsion prepared with CO (without PO) and 1% w/w PGPR in lipid phase showed higher water droplets size (TM = −44.8 ± 0.1 °C) and lower quantity of stabilized aqueous phase (ΔHc = 28.9 ± 1.2 J g−1) prior to application of temperature cycles, while coalescence and (presumably) water transfer processes occurred during the treatment. The use of 2% w/w PGPR was sufficient to accomplish full stabilization of aqueous phase (TM = −45.9 ± 0.1 °C; ΔHc = 42.6 ± 0.3 J g−1) before and after the freeze–thaw treatment. The total or partial (50%) substitution of CO by PO in emulsions with 1% w/w PGPR also improved the stability of the system, exhibiting slight microstructural changes. This enhanced stability would be linked to reduced water droplets size because of more rapid crystallization of lipid phase and immobilization of aqueous phase after emulsion preparation. In conclusion, it is possible to obtain margarine‐like emulsions prepared with CO and/or PO using relatively low emulsifier concentration and maintaining a desired microstructure after freeze‐thawing if the percentage ratio of both fats is controlled.
Linker‐free Gold Nanoparticle Superstructure Coated with Poly(dopamine) by Site‐Specific Polymerization for Amplifying Photothermal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Pan Liang‐Liang , Yang Yue , Li De‐Lin , Geng Wen‐Chao , Jiang Ze‐Li , Song Guo‐Sheng , Li Yong‐Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough linker‐free Au nanoparticle superstructures (AuNPSTs) have demonstrated to have satisfactory photothermal conversion efficiency owing to their enhanced visible‐near‐infrared absorption caused by the interparticle coupling, they cannot be used directly for in vivo photothermal therapy (PTT) of cancer because of poor stability. To address this issue, we herein propose a polymer‐coating strategy, dressing AuNPST on a poly(dopamine) (PDA) coat, and successfully investigate the in vivo PTT effect of AuNPSTs. By employing Triton X‐100 as an emulsifier for the formation of AuNPSTs, dopamine was site‐specifically polymerized around each AuNPST by the interaction between −OH of Triton X‐100 and −NH2 of dopamine. As‐fabricated AuNPST/PDA has a sphere‐like shape with an average diameter of ∼106 nm and the PDA shell is about 10 nm PDA thick. The AuNPST/PDA shows enhanced durability to heat, acid, and alkali compared with bare AuNPST. Also, under 808 nm laser irradiation, AuNPST/PDA shows photothermal conversion efficiency of ∼33%, higher than bare AuNPST (∼23%). Significantly, AuNPST/PDA can be used as in‐vitro and in‐vivo PTT agent and shows excellent therapeutic efficacy for tumor ablation thanks to its enhanced stability and biocompatibility, indicative of its potential practicability in clinical PTT.
Recent Development in Ligation Methods for Glycopeptide and Glycoprotein Synthesis
Authors: Lin Junjie Desmond , Liu Xue‐Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlycoproteins are produced by the post‐translational modification process of proteins and they play an important role in mediating various biological processes. Our understanding towards biochemical functions of individual glycoproteins has been seriously hampered due to the heterogeneous expression of carbohydrate parts in glycoproteins. Despite the advancement in recombinant expression and chromatographic techniques, the isolation of pure glycoforms remains nearly impossible. To obtain homogenous glycoproteins, tremendous efforts hves been spent in developing various ligation and glycosylation techniques. This minireview discusses selected methods for the preparation and ligation of glycopeptides. The importance of the development of new chemical synthesis method for glycoproteins has also been discussed, which would be one of the next directions in this field.
Octanuclear Ni4Ln4 Coordination Aggregates from Schiff Base Anion Supports and Connecting of Two Ni2Ln2 Cubes: Syntheses, Structures, and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Biswas Mousumi , Sañudo E. Carolina , Ray Debashis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA family of 3d–4f aggregates have been reported through guiding the dual coordination modes of ligand anion (HL−) and in situ generated ancillary bridge driven self‐assembly coordination responses toward two different types of metal ions. Reactions of lanthanide(III) nitrate (Ln=Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Yb), nickel(II) acetate and phenol‐based ditopic ligand anion of 2‐[{(2‐hydroxypropyl)imino}methyl]‐6‐methoxyphenol (H2L) in MeCN‐MeOH (3 : 1) mixture and LiOH provided five new octanuclear Ni‐4f coordination aggregates from two Ni2Ln2 cubanes. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that all the members of the family are isostructural, with the central core formed from the coupling of two distorted [Ni2Ln2O4] heterometallic cubanes [Ni2Ln2(HL)2(μ3‐OH)2(OH)(OAc)4]+ (Ln=Gd (1), Tb (2), Dy (3), Ho (4) and Yb (5)). Higher coordination demand of 4f ions induced the coupling of the two cubes by (OH)(OAc)2 bridges. Variable temperature magnetic study reveals weak coupling between the Ni2+ and Ln3+ ions. For the Tb (2) and Dy (3) analogs, the compounds are SMMs without an applied dc field, whereas the Gd (1) analogue is not an SMM. The observation revealed thus that the anisotropy of the Ln3+ ions is central to display the SMM behavior within this structurally intriguing family of compounds.
Vibration‐based motion generation without any sensor or microprocessor
Authors: Masuda Yoichi , Minami Yuki , Ishikawa Masato 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article describes a decentralized controller that generates periodic motion patterns of general mechanical systems with multiple actuators, and its extremely simple implementation. The controller synchronizes the coupled dynamics of an uncertain body, the environment, and the actuators to its natural vibration modes autonomously. The major contribution of this method is that it makes possible decentralized and adaptive motion generation with multiple actuators without any sensor, microprocessor, or high‐torque and high‐precision motor. The proposed implementation of the decentralized controller is composed of a crank arm and low‐torque DC motor, and we focus on the intrinsic dynamics of the DC motor. When a reaction torque from the environment is applied to the motor shaft, the rotational speed of the motor will be changed passively. In our approach, we exploit these dynamics as a feedback controller that adjusts the phase of the DC motor. Experiments and simulations validate the fundamental features of the proposed method with a spring‐mass system, and the effects of the initial phase difference and improvement of the convergence property are reported. Moreover, an application example with a nonlinear legged robot simulation is demonstrated.
Repetitive δ‐integration of a cellulase‐encoding gene into the chromosome of an industrial Angel Yeast‐derived strain by URA3 recycling
Authors: Zou Shaolan , Sun Sifan , Zhang Xiaomao , Li Jiaman , Guo Jinghan , Hong Jiefang , Ma Yuanyuan , Zhang Minhua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGenetic modification of industrial yeast strains often faces more difficulties than that of laboratory strains. Thus, new approaches are still required. In this research, the Angel Yeast‐derived haploid strain Kα was genetically modified by multiple rounds of δ‐integration, which was achieved via URA3 recycling. Three δ‐integrative plasmids, pGδRU, pGδRU‐BGL, and pGδRU‐EG, were first constructed with two 167 bp δ sequences and a repeat‐URA3‐repeat fragment. Then, the δ‐integrative strains containing the bgl1 or egl2 gene were successfully obtained by one‐time transformation of the linearized pGδRU‐BGL or pGδRU‐EG fragment, respectively. Their counterparts in which the URA3 gene was looped out were also easily isolated by selection for growth on 5´‐fluoroorotic acid plates, although the ratio of colonies lacking URA3 to the total number of colonies decreased with increasing copy number of the corresponding integrated cellulase‐encoding gene. Similar results were observed during the second round of δ‐integration, in which the δ‐integration strain Kα(δ::bgl1‐repeat) obtained from the first round was transformed with a linearized pGδRU‐EG fragment. After 10 rounds of cell growth and transfer to fresh medium, the doubling times and enzyme activities of Kα(δ::bgl1‐repeat), Kα(δ::egl2‐repeat), and Kα(δ::bgl1‐repeat)(δ::egl2‐repeat) showed no significant change and were stable. Further, their maximum ethanol concentrations during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of pretreated corncob over a 7‐day period were 46.35, 33.13, and 51.77 g/L, respectively, which were all substantially higher than the parent Kα strain. Thus, repetitive δ‐integration with URA3 recycling can be a feasible and valuable method for genetic engineering of Angel Yeast. These results also provide clues about some important issues related to δ‐integration, such as the structural stability of δ‐integrated genes and the effects of individual integration‐site locations on gene expression. Further be elucidation of these issues should help to fully realize the potential of δ‐integration‐based methods in industrial yeast breeding.
Hochhaus Omniturm – Baugrube und Gründung unter komplexen innerstädtischen Randbedingungen
Authors: Ramm Hendrik , Reul Oliver , Ruiken Axel , Kissel Wolfgang , Toker Engin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDer rd. 190 m hohe Omniturm wurde in den Jahren 2016–2019 im Zentrum des Bankenviertels in Frankfurt am Main erbaut und ist auf einer Kombinierten Pfahl‐Plattengründung (KPP) gegründet. Das Umfeld der Baumaßnahme ist geprägt durch sehr beengte Platzverhältnisse und die benachbarten Hochhäuser Commerzbank, Japan Center, Garden Tower und Deutsche Bank mit bis zu fünf Untergeschossen. Die rd. 16 m tiefe Baugrube wurde mithilfe einer Teildeckelbaulösung hergestellt, bei der die späteren Untergeschossdecken die horizontale Stützung des Verbaus übernahmen. Zur Gewährleistung der Sicherheit gegen Aufschwimmen der Baugrube wurde eine innen liegende Wasserhaltung zur Entspannung der wasserführenden Kalkstein‐ und Sandlagen betrieben. Mit dem Beitrag werden die wesentlichen Aspekte des Baugrubenverbaus und des Aussteifungssystems, der Wasserhaltungsmaßnahmen sowie der KPP dargestellt.
Mapping continuity and change in the intellectual structure of the knowledge base on problem‐based learning, 1974–2019: A systematic review
Authors: Hallinger Philip 
Published: July 2020

Problem‐based learning (PBL) emerged during the 1970s in response to demands for active learning methods capable of developing transferable knowledge and skills in the training of doctors. Over succeeding decades, PBL was gradually adopted in other fields of education. This systematic review aimed to identify key streams of theory and empirical research that have emerged over time in PBL research and practice. The review sourced 12,036 Scopus‐indexed documents published between 1974 and 2019. Science mapping was used to reveal the ‘intellectual structure’ or key research themes that have evolved in this literature over the past 45 years. The science mapping tool used in this review was author co‐citation analysis conducted in VOSviewer software. Author co‐citation analysis identified three schools of thought that together describe the intellectual structure of the PBL knowledge base: Design of PBL Curriculum and Instruction; PBL Effectiveness; Theory and Practice in Active Learning. In addition to portraying the intellectual structure of the literature as a whole, the review also conducted longitudinal analyses aimed at highlighting structural changes in this field over time. These analyses found that although the size and impact of schools of thought associated with Design of PBL Curriculum and Instruction and PBL Effectiveness increased over time, they remained stable in terms of theoretical foci. However, the Active Learning school evolved from a small school of authors associated with Cognitive Learning Theories prior to 2000 into the largest school of thought during the most recent decades. These findings both reaffirm the theoretical underpinnings of the PBL knowledge base and highlight its increasing integration with other forms of active learning.