bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arica, 1950-80: la forma urbana del desarrollo: estructura y lógica de partes en el crecimiento extensivo
Authors: Torrent Horacio 
Published: May 2020

La ponencia presenta las formas que asumió la configuración del crecimiento extensivo de una ciudad de tamaño medio, empleando los instrumentos del análisis urbano para la identificación de los proyectos –básicamente urbano residenciales- que propendieron a la configuración de una ciudad de partes. Arica, constituyó entre los años cincuenta y setenta, un laboratorio particular en el que se caracterizó esta relación entre arquitectura y ciudad de manera excepcional. Se presentan así los crecimientos de la planta urbana, y el análisis de una serie de proyectos de vivienda que propusieron el crecimiento expansivo, en directa relación con las lógicas internas a cada porción o parte y una lectura interpretativa del tejido, en correlación con los planes que trataron de controlar el desarrollo urbano.
The paper present the different configurations of the urban development growth of a medium-sized city, using the instruments of urban analysis for the identification of the projects -basically urban residential- that favored the configuration of a city of parts. Arica, between the fifties and seventies, became a privileged urban laboratory that characterized the city by the relationship between architecture and urban form in an exceptional way. The paper shows the growth of the urban plant, and the analysis of a series of housing projects that proposed expansive growth, in a direct relationship with the internal logics and an interpretive reading of the fabric, in correlation with the plans implemented to control the urban development.
Influencia de la ciudad colonial hispanoamericana en el Ensanche de Barcelona: análisis morfológico del Plan Cerdà para Barcelona de 1859
Authors: Malave Fernández Rafael Alirio , Aceves Álvarez Oscar 
Published: May 2020

El Ensanche de Barcelona, proyectado por el ingeniero de caminos Ildefons Cerdà en 1859, es un ejemplo notable del urbanismo del siglo XIX, cuya influencia ha llegado a otros ensanches posteriores gracias a su calidad y al avanzado pensamiento que lo generó. A pesar de la originalidad de muchos aspectos del llamado “Plan Cerdà”, este se encuentra relacionado con algunos precedentes, siendo la influencia de la ciudad colonial hispanoamericana, concretamente la del “modelo clásico” -de trazado urbano cuadricular-, la que nos interesa analizar aquí. ¿De qué manera entonces tomó Cerdà como referencia las ciudades hispanoamericanas para diseñar su propuesta para el ensanche de Barcelona? Bajo la hipótesis de que la influencia es explicita en lo que se refiere a forma, orden, ocupación del espacio, y capacidad de expansión, e implícita -pero evidente- en cuanto al ancho de las calles y el tamaño de las manzanas, el objetivo principal de la investigación es exponer evidencias que hacen verosímil la posible influencia de las ciudades hispanoamericanas en el diseño del Plan Cerdà.
The Barcelona's Extension, designed by the road engineer Ildefons Cerdà in 1859, is a notable example of nineteenth-century urbanism, whose influence has reached other subsequent city extensions thanks to its quality and the advanced thinking that generated it. Despite the originality of many aspects of the so-called "Plan Cerdà", this is related to some precedents, being the influence of the Spanish-American colonial city, specifically that of the "classic model" (of urban grid layout), which interests us to analyze here. In what way did Cerdà take as a reference the Spanish-American cities to design his proposal for the widening of Barcelona? Under the hypothesis that the influence is explicit in terms of form, order, occupation of space, and capacity for expansion, and implicit -but evident- in terms of the width of the streets and the size of the apples, the research main objective is to expose evidence that make likely the possible influence of Spanish-American cities on the design of the Cerdà Plan.
Praça Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca: estudo morfológico do nódulo central de Teresina-PI
Authors: Leal Cláudio , Rodrigues Ísis , Lopes Lara , Magalhães Aracelly 
Published: May 2020

O urbanismo sustentável é uma ferramenta para que se alcancem cidades com maior qualidade de vida e se possa promover estilos de vida saudáveis. Para isso, é importante que as áreas centrais e históricas das cidades sejam constantemente estudadas e repensadas a fim de atender às demandas da população em cada temporalidade, atentando-se para o planejamento urbano sustentável. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir, em diferentes escalas, a forma urbana atual da praça Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca, em Teresina, capital do Piauí, Brasil, e seu entorno, levando-se em consideração sua evolução histórica e sua situação atual, além de abrir caminho para discussões sobre o papel dessa área da capital piauiense no planejamento urbano sustentável da cidade.
Sustainable urbanism is a tool to reach cities with more life quality and to promote healthier life styles. For this, it is important that historical and central areas of the cities are constantly studied and rethought, in order to answer the demands of the population in each temporality, attending to sustainable urban planning. The objective of this study is to discuss, at different scales, the current urban form of Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca Square, capital of Piauí, Brasil, and its surroundings, taking into account its historical evolution and current situation, besides making way for discussions on the role of this Piauí capital’s area on the city’s sustainable urban planning.
Centro de arte: motor de transformación de la metrópolis contemporánea: caso Cerrillos, Santiago de Chile
Authors: Gallardo Frías Laura , Toledo Jofré María Isabel , Figueroa Garavagno Consuelo 
Published: May 2020

Los centros de arte contemporáneo son considerados piezas motoras de transformación urbana, lo que se ha constatado en numerosas ciudades de todo el mundo. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el Centro Nacional de Arte Contemporáneo Cerrillos, único de su tipo en Chile. Con este fin, se despliega una estrategia metodológica multidisciplinaria y multimétodo que permite el estudio de un caso institucional. Como resultado se describe el centro en función de cuatro dimensiones: histórica, urbana, arquitectónica y sociocultural. En la discusión se analiza la conectividad, la accesibilidad, la legibilidad, los recorridos y permanencias y la flexibilidad. Se concluye que, si bien se requiere potenciar algunos elementos secundarios, este centro opera como un motor de transformación de un sector desvalorizado de la ciudad.
Contemporary art centers are considered urban transformation engines, which has been observed in many cities around the world. Therefore, the objective of this article is to analyze the Centro Nacional de Arte Contemporáneo Cerrillos, the only one of its kind in Chile. To this end, a multidisciplinary methodological and multi-method strategy is deployed that allows the study of an institutional case. As a result, the center is described according to four dimensions: historical, urban, architectural and sociocultural. In the discussion, connectivity, accessibility, readability, tours and permanence and flexibility are analyzed. It is concluded that, although it is necessary to promote some secondary elements, this center operates as an engine of transformation of a devalued sector of the city.
Crise urbana e direito à cidade: reflexões e perspectivas de resistência a partir da luta popular microlocal
Authors: Coelho Polyana Pereira , Gonçalves Raquel Garcia 
Published: May 2020

Desde a chegada do século XXI uma mudança nas mobilizações populares marcou a luta de classes mundial. Embora difusas e aparentemente desconectadas, as mobilizações retomaram a centralidade do espaço urbano enquanto palco da práxis política. O espaço urbano em crise, marcado por muros, conflitos e disputas, tem suscitado insurreições demonstrando que é possível construir resistência por meio da luta de agentes que, com todas as suas contradições, se apresentam em processo de transformação. O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo do distrito Antônio Pereira, Ouro Preto, MG, que foi palco de lutas populares acompanhando o quadro nacional de mobilizações que se abriu em 2013. A partir da história oral, foram reconstruídos os cenários das mobilizações, as motivações e os primeiros desdobramentos das experiências vividas a fim de entender de que forma a ação direta, a ocupação do espaço e a desobediência civil podem suscitar transformações e ressignificações na luta urbana.
Since the arrival of the twenty-first century a change in popular mobilizations has marked the world class struggle. Although diffused and apparently disconnected, mobilizations have returned to the centrality of urban space as the stage of political praxis. The urban space in crisis, marked by walls, conflicts and disputes, has provoked insurrections demonstrating that it is possible to build resistance through the struggle of agents who, with all their contradictions, are in a process of transformation. The present case presents a study of the Antônio Pereira district, Ouro Preto, MG, which was the scene of popular struggles accompanying the national mobilization framework that opened in 2013. From the oral history, the scenarios of the mobilizations, motivations and the first developments of the lived experiences in order to understand how direct action, occupation of space and civil disobedience can provoke transformations and resignification in the urban struggle.
Dominação e apropriação social no Calçadão General Osório: a legislação urbana como elemento condicionante da “territorialização” do espaço
Authors: Carato Victor Amorim , Migliorini Vera Lúcia Blat 
Published: May 2020

Reconhecido regionalmente por ser uma via de trânsito exclusivo do pedestre, o Calçadão General Osório sintetiza sobre sua realidade socioespacial os paradigmas enfrentados pela região central de Ribeirão Preto/SP, onde, através da multiplicidade de usos (co) existentes em suas territorialidades, afirmam-se como a “expressão mais bem acabada da contradição do espaço geográfico ao estabelecer ora como espaço da dominação, ora como espaço da apropriação social” (Miranda, 2005:17). Assim, levantando a hipótese de que “mais do que efetivamente regular a produção da cidade, a legislação urbana age como marco delimitador de fronteiras do poder” (Rolnik, 1997:13), o presente trabalho propõe identificar descompassos entre a legislação urbana vigente e a realidade socioespacial do Calçadão, discutindo, sobre este ponto, os discursos desenvolvidos pelos agentes vinculados a sua produção, no âmbito da legalidade assim como sobre a dimensão dos interesses particulares no uso e ocupação do território.
Recognized regionally as an exclusive pedestrian transit road, Calçadão General Osório synthesizes on its socio-spatial reality the paradigms faced by the central region of Ribeirão Preto/SP, where, through the multiplicity of (co) existing uses in their territories, as the “most well-finished expression of the contradiction of geographical space by establishing now as the space of domination, now as the space of social appropriation” (Miranda, 2005, p. 17). Thus, raising the hypothesis that “more than effectively regulate the production of the city, the urban legislation acts as a boundary delimiter of power” (Rolnik, 1997:13), the present work proposes to identify mismatches between the current urban legislation and the social-spatial reality of Calçadão, discussing about this point, the discourses developed by the agents that produce this territoriality, both within the scope of legality and on the dimension of particular interests in the use and occupation of the territory.
Transformações morfológicas e apropriação urbana: uma análise configuracional da urbanidade de Blumenau/SC
Authors: Carminatti Karol Diego , Reis Almir Francisco 
Published: May 2020

Ainda recente nos estudos urbanos, a urbanidade surge como elemento fundamental para o entendimento das práticas sociais no espaço urbano. Conceituando o acolhimento que as cidades dão aos seus moradores e transeuntes, a urbanidade está relacionada com a morfologia dos espaços públicos e sua capacidade de atrair gente. Neste trabalho propomos investigar os efeitos da forma espacial e seus atributos como meio de possibilitar ou restringir as práticas sociais. Utilizando Blumenau, importante cidade catarinense, partimos de leituras teórico-metodológicas analisando o papel do traçado urbano e suas implicações no cotidiano. Através da teoria da Sintaxe Espacial e análises complementares de morfologia e apropriação urbana, pudemos identificar mudanças tanto de configuração como de uso. A dinâmica espacial no presente aponta mudanças significativas no centro histórico de Blumenau e o surgimento de um “novo centro”, facultando uma migração da urbanidade da cidade.
Still recent in urban studies, urbanity emerges as a fundamental element for the understanding of social practices in urban space. Conceptualizing the reception that cities give their residents and passers-by, urbanity is related to the morphology of public spaces and their ability to attract people. In this work we propose to investigate the effects of the spatial form and its attributes as a means of enabling or restricting social practices. Using Blumenau, an important city in Santa Catarina, we start from theoretical-methodological readings analyzing the role of the urban layout and its implications in everyday life. Through spatial syntax theory and complementary analyses of morphology and urban appropriation, we were able to identify changes in both configuration and use. The spatial dynamics in the present point indicate significant changes in the historic center of Blumenau and the emergence of a "new center", allowing a migration of urbanity of the city.
Ecobarrio integral como una estrategia de planificación urbana: nuevas líneas, mismo paisaje y espacios habitables en el barrio El Níspero, Colombia
Authors: Mestra Manzur Meibi Maria , Agudelo Jiménez Jorge Ricardo , Guzmán Arteaga Ramiro Elías 
Published: May 2020

El Ecobarrio es una estrategia de planificación urbana que busca el desarrollo sostenible de la ciudad, involucrando a la comunidad con su entorno. Nuestro objetivo es proponer al barrio El Níspero (Montería, Colombia) una propuesta de ecobarrio integral, para mejorar su habitabilidad y fortalecer la calidad de vida de 3000 habitantes. Mientras las políticas de intervención pública no incluyan la ciudadanía, la sostenibilidad estará desarticulada de las necesidades de la comunidad. Para diagnosticar la problemática del barrio, caracterizamos interdisciplinariamente las viviendas y la infraestructura urbana, empleando fotografías y observación directa, y encuestamos a los habitantes para conocer su percepción sobre relaciones sociales, sistemas de movilidad, entre otros aspectos. Recopilamos información sociodemográfica y efectuamos sesiones de participación ciudadana para conocer su percepción sobre el barrio. Logramos establecer que las desigualdades en la habitabilidad de las viviendas y el espacio público han sido subsanadas utilizando materiales reciclables y de la construcción.
The ecourban is an urban planning strategy that seeks the sustainable development of the city, involving the community with its surroundings. Our goal is make a proposal to El Níspero neighborhood (Montería, Colombia),to improve living conditions and strengthen the quality of life of their 3000 inhabitants. While policies of public intervention don’t include the citizenship, sustainability are disarticulated form the needs of the community. To diagnose the problem of the neighborhood, we characterized with an interdisciplinary view the housing and urban infrastructure, using photographs, direct observation, and surveyed the inhabitants to know their perception on social relations, mobility systems, among others. We also collect socio-demographic information and hold two meetings with the community to find out their perception about the neighborhood. We were able to establish that inequalities in the habitability of homes and public space have been corrected using recyclable and construction materials.
Trazando la Frontera Araucana, Chile: de las leyes y las divisiones del territorio. 1866-1916
Authors: Barria Catalán Tirza Aseneth 
Published: May 2020

Con la “Pacificación de la Araucanía”, se inició en la segunda mitad del s.XIX, un proceso que cambió la fisonomía del territorio llamado “frontera araucana”. La propiedad privada y pública se mensuró, delimitó y fijó en planos, determinándose la radicación mapuche, y el remate y entrega de tierras a colonos nacionales y extranjeros. Del análisis de planos y en especifico de la “Carta Jeneral de Colonización de la provincia de Cautín”, elaborada por Nicanor Boloña e impresa en 1916, y su relación con la Ley de 1866, este articulo tiene como objetivo visibilizar el proceso de territorialización de la frontera. Por medio del redibujo de la “carta”, se elaboran una serie de mapas temáticos entre ellos los de hidrografía, infraestructura, urbanos, administrativos y de parcelación. Se observa en la macro escala una continuidad del espacio territorial dado por el trazado de hijuelación, formas determinadas por la ley de 1866 y sus sucesivas leyes complementarias.
With the "Pacification of Araucanía", a process that changed the physiognomy of the territory called "Araucana border" began in the second half of the 19th century. Private and public property was measured, delimited and fixed in plans, determining the Mapuche settlement, and the auction and delivery of land to national and foreign settlers. From the analysis of plans and specifically the "Jeneral Letter of Colonization of the province of Cautín", prepared by Nicanor Bologna and printed in 1916, and its relationship with the Law of 1866, this article aims to make visible the territorialization process of border. Through the redrawing of the “letter”, a series of thematic maps are prepared, including those of hydrography, infrastructure, urban, administrative and partitioning. The continuity of the territorial space given by the plotting of the land, the forms determined by the law of 1866 and its successive complementary laws is observed in the macro scale.
Philately’s Implications in Ecological Education via Romanian Thematic Joint Issues (I): with Other Countries Postal Administrations
Authors: Cioruța Bogdan , Pop Alexandru Leonard 
Published: May 2020

Protected areas, as integral part of natural heritage, by their intrinsic value and low human intervention degree, are by far, the best examples for natural and semi-natural ecological systems. Protected areas are still perceived and considered true wild oasis which need protection for conservation of different unique species that populate them. Little is known about the fact that natural and semi-natural regime areas constitute livelihood support, and decisively contribute to socio-economical development of local and regional communities.
Constantly promoting philatelic themes involving the natural heritage, different philatelic postal entities and associations, all over the world, performs a series of postage issues, among which the preoccupations for environmental protection prevail.
In accordance with the previously stated, in this paper, is proposed an incursion into the history of environmental protection preoccupations, and bring in discussion the significant concerns in promoting ecological educational via thematic joint issues. So is presented the Romanian’s collaboration with countries like Argentina, Spain, Estonia and Gibraltar.
This study set out to identify, index and describe the main philatelic pieces issued in Romania, from the beginning of issuing in this field. Likewise, a huge numbers of pictorial data was used (postal stamps, first day covers, occasional envelopes, postcards and maxicards), from different international open-source philatelic databases, as well as from specialized catalogs and collections.
The analysis and interpretation of this kind of pictorial data was the main objective of study, based on the descriptions made by other collectors and philatelists, respectively by consulting other sources and specialized catalogs. As a result, this study has succeeded in identifying the pieces in question, and shows they come to certify the common concerns for the environmental protection, from mountain lakes to species of flora and fauna.
In conclusion it can be mentioned that this study therefore recommends the use of the ecology and science classes, where young people can come into direct contact with the described philatelic pieces (postal stamps and first day covers - FDCs, in most cases), and thus can fully understand the specificities of external collaborations on environmental protection and sustainable development.
Nasal Carriage of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Intensive Care Units of Two University Hospitals in Cameroon
Authors: Kamga Hortense Gonsu , Tchuedji Yves Le Grand Napa , Mbamyah Emilia Lyonga , Djiraibe Jérémie , Betbeui Anicette Chafa , Noubom Michel , Jemea Bonaventure , Etoundi Paul Owono , Essomba Arthur 
Published: May 2020

Aim: The aim of this work was to carry out a screen for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in nasal cavity of patients in the intensive care units of the University Hospital Center (UHC) and the Central Hospital of Yaounde (CHY) in Cameroon.
Study Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out.
Pace and Duration of the Study: Collection of nasal swab was done in Intensive Care Unit of University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde, and Intensive Care Unit of Central Hospital of Yaounde. Identification and susceptibility test were done in bacteriology laboratory of University Hospital Center, Yaounde between August 2018 and March 2019.
Methods: Nasal swabs were collected from patients by performing rotation in each nose. The identification of bacteria was carried out by observation of mannitol fermentation on Chapman agar, catalase, coagulase and DNAse tests. The susceptibility test was carried out by the method of diffusion of the discs in Mueller-Hinton agar.
Results: A total of 29 S. aureus were identified from 127 patients of which 44.10% were women and 55.90% were men. The antibiotic resistance profile showed cross-resistance of S. aureus between cefoxitin and others antibiotics with high resistance of amoxicillin, Amoxi / Clavulanic, fusidic acid, gentamycin and tetracycline with rates ranging from 62% to 82%. We detected 58.62% resistant species to cefoxitin and 51.72% were resistant to vancomycin. Statistical analysis found that there was not association between age groups, gender with nasal carriage of S. aureus. However there was an association (P=0,0060) between the hospital attended and the portage of S. aureus.
Conclusion: The prevalence of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is quite high in intensive care patients. Staphylococcus aureus isolated from carriers also shows resistance to others antibiotics. This can increase the incidence of nosocomial infections. There is a need to implement effective control strategies to prevent infection cross transmission in intensive care Units.