bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐rated oral health and frailty index among older Americans
Authors: Hakeem Faisal F. , Bernabé Eduardo , Sabbah Wael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between self‐rated oral health and frailty index among older American adults aged 60 years and over.Materials and methodsData from the National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey from 2011 to 2014 were used. Self‐rated oral health was assessed based on a single question “rate the health of your teeth and gum”. A frailty index of 49‐items covering multiple systems was created. Age, gender, ethnicity, poverty‐income ratio, education, poor nutritional intake and smoking were used as covariates. Weighted negative binomial regression was used to test the association between self‐rated oral health and frailty index adjusting for the covariates.ResultsA dose response relationship was observed between self‐rated oral health and frailty index. The rate ratios (RR) of frailty index were 1.03 (95% CI 0.95‐1.13), 1.15 (95% CI 1.05‐1.25), 1.30 (95% CI 1.17‐1.45) and 1.41(95% CI 1.28‐1.54) for participants who rated their oral health very good, good, fair or poor, respectively, compared with those who rated their oral health excellent after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionPoorer self‐rated oral health is associated with higher rates of frailty index. This highlights the importance of oral health as a predictor of frailty and the adequacy of using self‐rated oral health in health surveys and clinical practices when conducting a comprehensive clinical oral examination is not feasible.
DEATHS FROM RENAL FAILURE IN ABUSERS OF PHENACETIN‐CONTAINING DRUGS
Authors: Nordenfelt Olof 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSince Feb. 1961 all phenacetin‐ and paracetamol‐conlaining drugs have in Sweden been subject to prescription and thus less easily obtained. In 1961 a report has been published on the abusers of phenacetin‐containing drugs who had died of uraemia at the Medical department of the Central County Hospital in Jönköping between the years 1954–1960. As a direct continuation the present study has been made of 208 patients, 146 men and 62 women, who died of uraemia in 1960–1970. Among them, 64 men and 22 women were very certainly heavy abusers of phenacetin‐containing analgesics. Although phenacetin had been subject to prescription, the deaths of abusers did not decrease but were even doubled in 1966 (13 patients). In 1968 there was a clear regress and in 1970 there were only 3 deaths. A comparison between the two studies shows no changes in either clinical symptoms or patho‐anatomical alterations of the kidneys. The male predominance (unlike all other investigations) is due to the severe abuse among the male workers at a factory in Huskvarna. On microscopic examination it is verified that the most common findings are contraction with chronic interstitial nephritis, tubular damage, especially in the lower nephrons, and papillary necrosis or necrobiosis. The present study confirms the risk of renal damage and ensuing fatal uraemia from daily, protracted abuse of phenacetin‐containing analgesics. It also appears that, although the drug consumption was interrupted, fatal uraemia could develop seven to eight years later. In this study no support has been obtained for the view that bacterial infection is required for the development of renal damage in abusers of analgesics. The fact that Huskvarna workers are now abusing the powder containing 0.50 g phenazone and 0.10 g caffeine, and that during the last few years the number of deaths from uraemia among them has decreased, supports the opinion that this powder does not lead to kidney damage.
DIABETES MELLITUS AND DEFECTIVE PITUITARY RESERVE CAPACITY
Authors: Hedner Pavo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA case of diabetes mellitus with an incomplete Sheehan's syndrome, consisting of an almost complete loss of pituitary reserve capacity while the basal pituitary function seemed to remain unaffected, is presented. Menstruations were regular and basal plasma levels of cortisol, FSH, LH, and PBI were normal. There were no characteristic symptoms except for an extreme insulin sensitivity, so without the diabetes the patient's partial pituitary insufficiency may well have remained undetected. The present case illustrates that severe pituitary damage can take place without characteristic symptoms, causing a potentially dangerous state for the patient in a stressful situation, e.g. an operation. Some of the non‐specific symptoms in the present case (tiredness, weight loss) were relieved by substitution therapy.
ANTIBODIES TO THE EPSTEIN‐BARR VIRUS IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS
Authors: Spencer Edwin S. , Andersen Hans K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChanges in antibody titer against the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), the apparent cause of infectious mononucleosis, have been surveyed in 30 patients, randomly selected from kidney transplant recipients in Aarhus during the last five years. Sera taken at transplantation and at approximately 1, 2, 3 and 5 to 12 months post‐transplant were examined for antibodies against EBV using an indirect immunofluorescence technique with EB‐3 cells. Anti‐EBV antibody, and thereby evidence of past infection, was found in all but one set of sera. In three patients a significant, fourfold, rise in antibody titer was observed. One, a man of 31, had a transient illness with fever, sore throat and enlarged lymph nodes in association with antibody changes; another, a girl of 18, had two snort febrile periods of unexplained etiology; the third. a girl of 11, had no recorded symptoms.
CENTRAL HAEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF DIHYDROERGOTAMINE IN PATIENTS WITH ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION
Authors: Nordenfelt Ivar , Mellander Stefan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe effects of dihydroergotamine (DHE) on heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, arterial and central venous pressures, systemic resistance, and central blood volume have been analysed in ten patients suffering from orthostatic hypotension. The patients were placed on a tilt‐table and studied in the supine as well as in the erect body position. In the supine position DHE caused a significant increase of cardiac output, stroke volume, arterial systolic and mean pressures, and central venous pressure. In the erect position DHE raised cardiac output, stroke volume, and central blood volume, and lowered heart rate. Systemic resistance was unaltered by the drug. The effects of DHE on the central circulation can largely be explained by its powerful and relatively selective constrictor action on the capacitance vessels in the peripheral circulation. The results indicate that DHE can have beneficial effects in patients with orthostatic hypotension.
ADIPOSE TISSUE CELLULARITY IN MATURITY ONSET DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Björntorp Per , Jonsson Anders , Berchtold Peter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAdipose tissue fat content and cellularity have been analysed in relation to glucose metabolism, plasma insulin and serum lipids in 24 patients with recently diagnosed maturity onset diabetes mellitus. Randomly selected middle‐aged men and women served as controls. The diabetic patients were characterized by an impaired glucose tolerance with insufficient although to some extent remaining insulin secretion. Plasma cholesterol was not different from controls, while plasma triglyceride was elevated. Adipose tissue variables were different only in the men, who had somewhat more body fat than the control men. Most of the diabetic patients had lost weight recently before their diabetes was diagnosed. With the assumption that reduction of body fat made a considerable contribution to this weight loss it could be presumed that maturity onset diabetes, when it manifests itself clinically, is characterized by enlarged fat cells. It was suggested that the main difference between maturity onset diabetes mellitus and endogenous hypcrtriglyceridemia is a higher remaining insulin secretion in the latter.
DIFFERENT SERUM INSULIN PATTERNS IN PORTAL, HEPATIC AND PERIPHERAL VENOUS BLOOD IN TWO CASES OF INSULOMA
Authors: Erwald R. , Hed R. , Marions O. , Nandorf R. , Nygren A. , Röjdmark S. , Sundblad L. , Wiechel K.‐L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInsulin secretion has been studied in two cases of insuloma. In one of them neither fasting hyperinsulinemia nor excessive insulin release in response to glucose ingestion or tolbutamide administration could be demonstrated. This patient belonged to a family in which pronounced insulin responsiveness was observed. In the other case, with hypoglycemic attacks and hyperinsulinemia following β‐cell stimulation, a higher insulin level was observed in hepatic venous blood than in portal blood, indicating extrapancreatic insulin‐producing tissue.
HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF METHOXAMINE IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT‐TO‐RIGHT SHUNTS
Authors: Abrahamsen Arne M. , Grendahl Helge , Müller Carsten 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn nine patients with atrial septal defect (ASD), five with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and one with persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) hemodynamic examinations have been performed before and after injection of the vasopressor agent methoxamine. On an average 8 mg methoxamine was injected into the pulmonary artery. An insignificant increase of the left‐to‐right shunt was observed. Significant changes were decrease of heart rate, increase of systemic systolic pressure, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and arteriovenous O2‐difference. Stroke volume and systemic arteriolar resistance increased, and these changes were significant in ASD, insignificant in VSD. The rise in pulmonary arterial mean pressure and oxygen consumption, reduction in cardiac output and pulmonary arteriolar resistance were insignificant.
HYPOPHYSEO‐ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION IN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Asfeldt V. H. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEarlier experiments have given conflicting information on the hypophyseo‐adrenal function in diabetic patients. Normal suppression of plasma corticosteroids with 1 mg of dexamethasone (1 mg‐DST) in stable, noninsulin‐treated diabetics has previously been reported. However, only a partial response was found during 1 mg‐DST in approximately one‐third of the juvenile, insulin‐treated diabetics, indicating a slight hypercorticism in these patients. The cause of this was presumed to be repeated small stress‐stimuli as a consequence of fluctuation in the blood sugar. The present study attempts to elucidate this supposition. In contrast to earlier investigation a normal circadian rhythm and normal baseline values of plasma corticosteroids were found in 19 insulin‐treated diabetics during “basal” conditions, but this does not exclude the presence of a slight hypercorticism in some of the patients. Plasma corticosteroids and blood sugar were determined during 96 “subjective” hypoglycaemic attacks in 73 insulin‐treated diabetics. Elevated valuse of plasma corticosteroids were found both in cases of normal and low values of blood sugar. In six insulin‐treated diabetics with hyperglycaemia and ketonuria (four without acidosis) elevated values of plasma corticosteroids were found. The results support the assumption that a fall in the blood sugar to low values and fluctuations in the blood sugar at normal or high levels can bring about increased hypophyseo‐adrenal activity, and that this might be the cause of a slight hypercorticism in some cases of juvenile, insulin‐treated diabetics. It is not known whether the presumed hypercorticism is a reversible condition or not.
DETERMINATION OF PLASMA RENIN ACTIVITY BY RADIO‐IMMUNOASSAY FOR ANGIOTENSIN II
Authors: Nielsen Ingolf , Poulsen Knud , Simonsen Grethe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA procedure for coupling a radio‐immunoassay for angiotensin II to a method for plasma renin activity measurement has been described. The incubation product of the method is angiotensin I. This is converted to angiotensin II by a preparation of human plasma containing converting enzyme. In the assessment of angiotensin formed a standard curve with angiotensin I converted to angiotensin II in the same way as the unknown sample is applied. In this way a correction is made for incomplete conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II by the converting enzyme preparation.
MORTALITY OF HEART BLOCK COMPLICATING ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MANAGED WITHOUT ARTIFICIAL PACEMAKERS
Authors: Woie Leik , Aksnes Einar G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractComplete heart block has been observed in 42 (7%) of 603 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) between 1966 and 1969 in this hospital. In addition 11 patients got their complete heart block after resuscitation and are excluded from this material. Of the 42 patients 24 were given isoprenaline and 10 insulin, glucose and potassium. No patients were treated with artificial pacemaker. Twenty‐two (52.4%) of the patients with complete heart block died, compared to a total mortality of 30%. The most adverse prognostic factors were BP below 80 mmHg (12 patients) and syncope (12 patients). Of the 22 patients with posterior infarction 11 (50%) died, compared to 4 (33.3%) of the 12 patients with anterior infarction. Of the 8 patients with posterior and anterior infarction or uncertain localization of the infarct 7 (87.5%) died. Of the 22 patients who died 13 died of shock or cardiac failure, 4 of ventricular fibrillation, 4 of asystole and 1 of a stroke. More information must be collected to demonstrate unequivocally the value of artificial pacemaker in the treatment of heart block in AMI.
TRANSFERRIN EXCRETION IN PATIENTS WITH PROTEINURIA
Authors: Kistner Sten , Norberg Renée 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSerum and urinary transferrin have been determined in 35 patients with renal disease and in 12 patients with urinary tract tumour. The relative content of transferrin in serum proteins did not differ significantly between patients with different diseases. The urinary protein content of transferrin was significantly higher in patients with glomerulonephritis than in patients with pyelonephritis. Patients with urinary tract tumour had a lower transferrin content than patients with pyelonephritis, but this difference was not significant. The clearance of transferrin and the clearance of albumin were approximately equal in patients with renal disease and the correlation between the clearance values was highly significant. There was also a significant correlation between the clearance of transferrin and that of IgG, but the deviation was greater. In patients with urinary tract tumour no significant correlation was found between the clearance of transferrin and that of albumin or IgG. Serum content and renal clearance of transferrin were not correlated to Hb concentration, serum iron, or creatinine, and no difference in this respect was found between patients with a positive urine culture and non‐infected patients. It is concluded that the renal clearance of transferrin depends on the molecular size. The nature of the renal disease causing proteinuria may influence the relationship between the renal excretion of transferrin and that of other proteins of different molecular size. Proteinuria originating from the lower urinary tract may have a different composition from the one of renal origin.
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTECTOMY
Authors: Nitter‐Hauge Sigurd , Müller Ottar , Semb Gudmund , Hall Karl Viktor , Österud Arne , Efskind Leif 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe effect of surgical infarctectomy 1‐9 weeks after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been evaluated in five patients with serious complications such as progressive heart failure and recurring tachyarrhythmias. Two patients had ventricular septal rupture as well. The diagnosis of left ventricular akinesia with ineffective motion of the myocardial wall was established by cineventriculography. All patients survived the operation. One did not regain consciousness and died from cerebral embolic disease after 1 week and another had sudden cardiac arrest and died 1½ weeks after the operation. The remaining three patients are all clinically well compensated 6 to 12 months after the operation and are at present living a fairly normal life. Cardiac catheterization in one case showed much improved left ventricular function.
LB‐46, A NEW β‐ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT IN CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
Authors: Storstein Liv 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA new β‐adrenergic receptor blocking agent, LB‐46 Viskèn, Sandoz (DL 4‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐isopropylaminopropoxy)indole) has been tried in various arrhythmias in 22 patients. It was effective in reducing the heart rate in sinus tachycardia, rapid atrial fibrillation and some cases of supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia. LB‐46 had no serious side‐effects and did not precipitate heart failure in any of our patients. It has an intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. LB‐46 was given to two pregnant patients in their last trimester with no adverse effect. The mechanism for the antiarrhythmic properties of β‐adrenergic receptor blocking agents is discussed.
CHANGES IN THE LIPOPROTEIN PATTERN DURING TWO YEARS FOLLOWING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Ritland Ståle , Enger Sven Chr. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn a previous investigation a normal lipoprotein pattern was demonstrated in 51% of 85 men during the first three months after myocardial infarction. Hyper‐β‐lipoproteinemia (type II pattern) was found in 22% and hyper‐pre‐β‐lipoproteinemia (type IV) in 27%. In a follow‐up study approximately 25 months after the myocardial infarction we found a normal lipoprotein pattern in 43%, hyper‐β‐lipoproteinemia in 31% and hyper‐pre‐β‐lipoproteinemia in 26% of 58 men. During the observation period there has been a significant elevation of the serum cholesterol levels in all groups and of the triglyceride level in type IV patients.
EXTRACORPOREAL IRRADIATION OF THE BLOOD
Authors: Weeke Eva 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDuring the last three years a total of 80 patients have received extracorporeal irradiation of the blood (ECIB) prior to kidney transplantation. The irradiators were developed and fabricated by the Danish Atomic Energy Commission, Risø. The main data from three types of equipment—stationary and mobile gamma units and portable beta units—are presented. For the total material the average duration of ECIB was 103 h, the mean transit dose 295 rads and the mean total dose 42 850 rads. The lymphocyte concentration was reduced from 1 350 + 526 before to 335 + 122 after ECIB. According to the transit dose the patients were divided into three groups. Group I (20 patients) received a mean transit dose of 96 rads, and a mean total dose of 21 680 rads. Group II (21 patients) received a mean transit dose of 359 rads and an average total dose of 50 100 rads. Group III (20 patients) received an average transit dose of 432 rads and an average total dose of 54 420 rads. The rate of development of lymphopenia was significantly slower in group I than in groups II and III, but reduction of the lymphocyte concentration to the same degree (about 30% of pretreatment value) was observed in all three groups. At 15 000 rads the percentual reduction was significantly larger in group I than in groups II and III. There was no correlation between flow rate, calculated as the number of patients' blood volumes radiated per hour, and the rate of development of lymphopenia. After cessation of ECIB the lymphocyte concentration was followed in those patients who were not transplanted immediately. In 9 patients belonging to groups II and III the concentration remained constant at 30% of pretreatment value during the first 8 months. At 12 months it had increased to 50%. In 6 patients, belonging to group I, the lymphocyte concentration increased to 50% three months after cessation of ECIB. The practical conclusion of the present study is that a prolonged lymphocyte reduction is obtained with ECIB, with high transit doses resulting in high total radiation doses which caused hemolysis. If the total radiation doses are reduced by reduction of transit doses (100 rads), lymphopenia is obtained without hemolysis, but ECIB has to be repeated at more frequent intervals in order to maintain lymphopenia.
THE EFFECTS OF UNSATURATED AND SATURATED DIETARY FATS ON PLASMA CHOLESTEROL, PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND LECITHIN: CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY
Authors: Gjone Egil , Nordøy Arne , Blomhoff Jan Petter , Wiencke Ingrid 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe plasma concentrations of cholesterol, individual phospholipids and the activity of plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) have been examined in two groups of healthy subjects on different diets. The diets were isocaloric with 40% fat. One group received a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids, in which soybean oil was the fat source. The other group was given a saturated fatty acid diet with medium chain triglycerides (MCT). A significant fall in the plasma concentrations of cholesterol and lecithin was observed after 21 days' use of the soybean oil diet. Concomitantly a significant reduction in the plasma LCAT activity also took place. In the control group on MCT diet no significant changes in plasma lipid concentrations or LCAT activity were noted. The influence of dietary changes on plasma LCAT activity is discussed.
PERIARTERITIS NODOSA
Authors: Sairanen E. , Wasastjerna C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTen cases of periarteritis nodosa have been histologically diagnosed during a 3‐year period, nine of them by biopsies. Most of the patients had gastrointestinal and cardiac symptoms, together with fever. The BSR was high in nine cases, and in all ten patients serum electrophoresis revealed hypalbuminaemia. The γ‐ and α2‐globulin levels were increased in many cases. Six patients were anaemic. Proteinuria was present in six cases. All the patients were treated with corticosteroids. Seven patients were alive after 5 years, and five after 10 years.
LOCALIZED SUPRA VALVULAR AORTIC STENOSIS COMBINED WITH MENTAL RETARDATION AND PECULIAR FACIAL APPEARANCE
Authors: Eie Harald , Semb Gudmund , Müller Ottar , Bramness Guri 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThree patients are reported who were admitted to hospital because of a peculiar “elfin‐like” facial appearance, mental retardation and systolic diamond‐shaped murmur recorded on phonocardiography. These findings are known to be connected with late infantile hypercalcemia, supravalvular aortic and pulmonary arterial stenosis. Two of the patients had membranous supravalvular aortic stenosis, while the third had coarctation of the aorta combined with subclavian and pulmonary artery stenoses. In one patient with membranous supravalvular aortic stenosis no pulmonary artery stenosis could be found. All three patients displayed bicuspid aortic valves. The findings in this anomaly are therefore more complex than generally described in the literature. Relevant to the bicuspid aortic valves is probably an early‐diastolic de‐crescendo murmur recorded on phonocardiography.