bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alegações de saúde e nutrição no consumo de alimentos funcionais
Authors: Costa Marcelo Martins , Strehlau Suzane 
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: O objetivo é compreender a escolha dos consumidores em relação aos alimentos funcionais por meio da intersecção entre o Modelo de Crença em Saúde (MCS) e a Teoria do Comportamento Planejado (TCP). Objetivos específicos são: (i) entender como o consumidor avalia as alegações de nutrição e de saúde (ii) como o modelo MCS e TCP combinados explicam a escolha por um alimento funcional.Método: Oito grupos focais proveram o corpus de pesquisa para uma análise qualitativa de conteúdo.Originalidade/Relevância: O conceito de alimento funcional é complexo e pouco compreendido por consumidores. Os sucos apresentam inúmeras variações com percebem as alegações de saúde e nutrição.Resultados: As alegações de nutrição são relevantes, mas são mais associadas às matérias-primas do que aos nutrientes adicionados. O argumento sobre vitaminas e fibras são sobrepujados pela fruta de origem. A alegação de saúde não emerge e isto pode ser explicado pelos constructos da susceptibilidade, gravidade e benefícios. A Indução à Ação decorre, principalmente, por um gatilho interno de falta de nutrientes, porém, quando isto ocorre, já está em um estado bastante avançado e os alimentos funcionais não serão mais suficientes para reverter o quadro, devendo-se buscar medicamentos ou suplementos de maior poder medicinal. Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Aperfeiçoa-se o modelo de intersecção de MCS e TCP com maior clareza e destaque aos constructos originais, mantendo os fatores externos, e enfatizando o constructo Indução à Ação.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: Os consumidores percebem a fruta como elemento nutricional, mas ainda não percebem o benefício de um alimento funcional. A palavra funcionalidade está ligada a trânsito intestinal, além disso, um suco funcional é visto como individual e não para ser comprado para toda família. As ações que promovem a mudança por hábitos saudáveis e os benefícios à saúde decorrentes da alimentação devem fornecer informações mais precisas. No tocante aos sucos prontos para beber recomenda-se a indicação na embalagem do produto deve conter a quantidade de suco de fruta presente ou a palavra integral.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of theDofgene family under drought stress in tea (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Yu Qian , Li Chen , Zhang Jiucheng , Tian Yueyue , Wang Hanyue , Zhang Yue , Zhang Zhengqun , Xiang Qinzeng , Han Xiaoyang , Zhang Lixia 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundDNA-binding one zinc finger (Dof) proteins are plant-specific transcription factors important for seed development, hormone regulation, and defense against abiotic stress. Although drought stress is a key determinant of plant physiology and metabolic homeostasis, the role ofDofgenes in different degrees of PEG6000-induced drought stress has received little attention.MethodsTea plants (Camellia sinensis) were exposed to mild, moderate and severe drought stress. The Tea Genome and Plant TFDB databases were used to identifyDofgene family members in the tea plant. Clustal W2.1, MEGA6.0, ScanProsite, SMART, ExPASy, GSDS, MEME and STRING were used to build a phylogenetic tree, predict the molecular masses and isoelectric points of the Dof proteins, and construct a predicted protein-protein interaction network between the CsDof TFs and proteins in theA. thalianadatabase. The expression patterns ofDofgenes in different tissues were analyzed, and qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression ofDofgenes under different degrees of drought stress in tea.ResultsWe identified 16Dofgenes in tea (C. sinensiscv. Huangjinya) using whole-genome analysis. Through comparative analysis of tea andArabidopsis thaliana, we divided theDofgenes into four families (A, B, C, and D). We identified 15 motifs in the amino acid sequences of the CsDof proteins. Gene sequences and motif structures were highly conserved among families, especially in the B1 and C2 subfamilies. The protein-protein interaction network indicated that multiple CsDof proteins may be involved in the response to drought stress. Real-time PCR was used to examine the tissue-specific expression patterns of theCsDofgenes and to measure their responses to different levels of PEG6000-induced drought stress in mature leaves. MostCsDofgenes responded to drought stress. These results provide information on theDofgene family in tea, offer new insights into the function ofCsDofgenes in a perennial species, and lay the foundation for further analysis of their functions.
Chronic Nonhealing Ulcers ‒ Garhwal Region (Etiopathology, Microbiology with Susceptibility, Managements & Outcomes)
Authors: Amit Keshri , Bhatt Mukul P. , Kumar Santosh , Punita K. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Chronic nonhealing ulcers, with varied etio-pathologies, are difficult to manage and warrant meticulous, early and prolonged directed treatment to prevent their development and complications.
Methods: Patients of chronic ulcers (>3 months’ duration), having undergone surgical management at our Institute, VCSGGMS&RI-UT, between January 2018 – August 2019, numbering one hundred twenty five (N= 125), were included in this concurrent observational study, aimed at identifying implicated microrganism (s) and their antibiotic susceptibility, for promoting wound healing, along with surgical measures.
Results: Male patients (M:F :: 87:38; 69.6% males) in the “20-50 year” age-group (74; 59.2%), with diabetic ulcers (35;28.0%), burns etc. (21;16.8%) and traumatic ulcers (18;14.4%) etc. predominated in the chronic non-healing state. Gram positive (68; 54.4%) organisms (including Staphylococcus) were the major isolates from the ulcers; organisms showing higher sensitivity to the newer generations/groups of antibiotics. Uncontrolled Diabetes, other prolonged illnesses &/or under-nutrition were important causative factors, requiring their remediations and also debridements ± skin/flap coverage (45; 36.0%) with prolonged course of antibiotics and occasional amputations (18; 14.4%) for adequate treatment.
Conclusion: Skilled intensive multidisciplinary effort is essential to achieve satisfactory healing and prevent disfigurement and to limit disability and death (11; 8.8%) among the patients.
Identification and validation of a combined hypoxia and immune index for triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Zheng Shaoquan , Zou Yutian , Liang Jie‐ying , Xiao Weikai , Yang Anli , Meng Tiebao , Lu Shilin , Luo Zhongbing , Xie Xiaoming 
Published: June 2020

The interaction between hypoxia and immune status has been confirmed in various cancer settings, and corresponding treatments have been investigated. However, reliable biomarkers are needed for individual treatment, so we sought to develop a novel scoring system based on hypoxia and immune status. Prognostic hypoxia–immune status‐related signatures of patients with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) were identified in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (N = 158), Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) (N = 297), and GSE58812 (N = 107). LASSO Cox regression was used for model construction. Hypoxia and immune status expression profiles were analyzed, and infiltrating immune cells were compared. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was used for validation in the Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) cohort, and immunofluorescence was applied for the detection of hypoxia and immune markers in cancer tissues. Ten cross‐cohort prognostic hypoxia–immune signatures were included to construct the comprehensive index of hypoxia and immune (CIHI) in the METABRIC cohort. Two subgroups of patients with distinct hypoxia–immune status conditions were identified using CIHI: hypoxiahigh/immunelow and hypoxialow/immunehigh, with a significantly better overall survival (OS) rate in the latter (P < 0.01). The prognostic value of CIHI was further validated in the TCGA, GSE58812, and SYSUCC cohorts (P < 0.01). Hypoxia–immune signatures were significantly differentially expressed between the two groups, and more active immune responses were observed in the hypoxialow/immunehigh group. Cytotoxic lymphocytes were inversely correlated with CIHI in silico. Differentially expressed CA‐IX and stromal PD‐L1 were detected between subgroups of the SYSUCC cohort. A hypoxia–immune‐based cross‐cohort classifier for predicting prognosis was developed and validated, which may guide hypoxia modifier treatment and immunotherapy for TNBC.
Expanding the clinical and phenotypic heterogeneity associated with biallelic variants in ACO2
Authors: Blackburn Patrick R. , Schultz Matthew J. , Lahner Carrie A. , Li Dong , Bhoj Elizabeth , Fisher Laura J. , Renaud Deborah L. , Kenney Amy , Ibrahim Niema , Hashem Mais , Zain Seidahmed Mohammed , Hasadsri Linda , Schrier Vergano Samantha A. , Alkuraya Fowzan S. , Lanpher Brendan C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe describe the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of several new cases within the ACO2‐related disease spectrum. Mitochondrial aconitase (ACO2) is a nuclear‐encoded tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme. Homozygous pathogenic missense variants in the ACO2 gene were initially associated with infantile degeneration of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and retina, resulting in profound intellectual and developmental disability and early death. Subsequent studies have identified a range of homozygous and compound heterozygous pathogenic missense, nonsense, frameshift, and splice‐site ACO2 variants in patients with a spectrum of clinical manifestations and disease severities.MethodsWe describe a cohort of five novel patients with biallelic pathogenic variants in ACO2. We review the clinical histories of these patients as well as the molecular and functional characterization of the associated ACO2 variants and compare with those described previously in the literature.ResultsTwo siblings with relatively mild symptoms presented with episodic ataxia, mild developmental delays, severe dysarthria, and behavioral abnormalities including hyperactivity and depressive symptoms with generalized anxiety. One patient presented with the classic form with cerebellar hypoplasia, ataxia, seizures, optic atrophy, and retinitis pigmentosa. Another unrelated patient presented with ataxia but developed severe progressive spastic quadriplegia. Another patient demonstrated a spinal muscular atrophy‐like presentation with severe neonatal hypotonia, diminished reflexes, and poor respiratory drive, leading to ventilator dependence until death at the age of 9 months.InterpretationIn this study, we highlight the importance of recognizing milder forms of the disorder, which may escape detection due to atypical disease presentation.
Examining Treatment Decision‐Making Among Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis: Insights From a Conjoint Analysis Survey
Authors: Joo Woojin , Almario Christopher V. , Ishimori Mariko , Park Yujin , Jusufagic Alma , Noah Benjamin , Gensler Lianne S. , Venuturupalli R. Swamy , Kay Jonathan , Weisman Michael H. , Spiegel Brennan M.R. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe number of therapies for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is increasing. Thus, it has become more challenging for patients and physicians to navigate the risk‐benefit profiles of the various treatment options. In this study, we used conjoint analysis—a form of trade‐off analysis that elucidates how people make complex decisions by balancing competing factors—to examine patient decision‐making surrounding medication options for axSpA.MethodsWe conducted an adaptive choice‐based conjoint analysis survey for patients with axSpA to assess the relative importance of medication attributes (eg, chance of symptom improvement, risk of side effects, route of administration, etc) in their decision‐making. We also performed logistic regression to explore whether patient demographics and disease characteristics predicted decision‐making.ResultsOverall, 397 patients with axSpA completed the conjoint analysis survey. Patients prioritized medication efficacy (importance score 26.8%), cost (26.3%), and route of administration (13.9%) as most important in their decision‐making. These were followed by risk of lymphoma (9.5%), dosing frequency (7.2%), risk of serious infection (6.0%), tolerability of side effects (5.3%), and clinic visit and laboratory test frequency (4.8%). In regression analyses, there were few significant associations between patients’ treatment preferences and sociodemographic and axSpA characteristics.ConclusionsTreatment decision‐making in axSpA is highly individualized, and demographics and baseline disease characteristics are poor predictors of individual preferences. This calls for the development of online shared decision‐making tools for patients and providers, with the goal of selecting a treatment that is consistent with patients’ preferences.
Extracellular Vesicles Induce Mesenchymal Transition and Therapeutic Resistance in Glioblastomas through NF‐κB/STAT3 Signaling
Authors: Schweiger Markus W. , Li Mao , Giovanazzi Alberta , Fleming Renata L. , Tabet Elie I. , Nakano Ichiro , Würdinger Thomas , Chiocca Ennio Antonio , Tian Tian , Tannous Bakhos A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor and despite optimal treatment, long‐term survival remains uncommon. GBM can be roughly divided into three different molecular subtypes, each varying in aggressiveness and treatment resistance. Recent evidence shows plasticity between these subtypes in which the proneural (PN) glioma stem‐like cells (GSCs) undergo transition into the more aggressive mesenchymal (MES) subtype, leading to therapeutic resistance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures secreted by nearly every cell and are shown to play a key role in GBM progression by acting as multifunctional signaling complexes. Here, it is shown that EVs derived from MES cells educate PN cells to increase stemness, invasiveness, cell proliferation, migration potential, aggressiveness, and therapeutic resistance by inducing mesenchymal transition through nuclear factor‐κB/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling. The findings could potentially help explore new treatment strategies for GBM and indicate that EVs may also play a role in mesenchymal transition of different tumor types.
Substrate Dissipation Energy Regulates Cell Adhesion and Spreading
Authors: Sacco Pasquale , Baj Gabriele , Asaro Fioretta , Marsich Eleonora , Donati Ivan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecent evidence has led to the hypothesis that dissipation of energy through the viscoelastic extracellular matrix (ECM) can play a cardinal role in directing cell‐fate decisions, but whether and how it correlates with specific cell response is at present unclear. Here, viscoelastic and plastic 2D chitosan‐based substrates endowed with different dissipative energies are developed and cell behavior studied in terms of adhesion and spreading. While keeping constant stress relaxation and systematically decoupling overall stiffness from linear elongation, an energy dissipation term (J mol−1) is introduced, that is the molar energy required to deviate from linear stress–strain regime and enter into plastic region. Strikingly, an inverse relationship is unveiled between substrate dissipation energy and cell response, with high adhesion/high spreading and low adhesion/no spreading detected for substrates at low and high dissipation energy, respectively. It is concluded that cells decide how to react depending on the effective energy they can earmark for their functions.
Overcoming the Unfavorable Kinetics of Na3V2(PO4)2F3//SnPx Full‐Cell Sodium‐Ion Batteries for High Specific Energy and Energy Efficiency
Authors: Song Hayong , Eom KwangSup 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, a full‐cell sodium‐ion battery (SIB) with a high specific energy approaching 300 Wh kg−1 is realized using a sodium vanadium fluorophosphate (Na3V2(PO4)2F3, NVPF) cathode and a tin phosphide (SnPx) anode, despite both electrode materials having greatly unbalanced specific capacities. The use of a cathode employing an areal loading more than eight times larger than that of the anode can be achieved by designing a nanostructured nanosized NVPF (n‐NVPF) cathode with well‐defined particle size, porosity, and conductivity. Furthermore, the high rate capability and high potential window of the full‐cell can be obtained by tuning the Sn/P ratio (4/3, 1/1, and 1/2) and the nanostructure of an SnPx/carbon composite anode. As a result, the full‐cell SIBs employing the nanostructured n‐NVPF cathode and the SnPx/carbon composite anode (Sn/P = 1/1) exhibit outstanding specific energy (≈280 Wh kg−1(cathode+anode)) and energy efficiency (≈78%); furthermore, the results are comparable to those of state‐of‐the‐art lithium‐ion batteries.
Deep‐Learning‐Enabled Fast Optical Identification and Characterization of 2D Materials
Authors: Han Bingnan , Lin Yuxuan , Yang Yafang , Mao Nannan , Li Wenyue , Wang Haozhe , Yasuda Kenji , Wang Xirui , Fatemi Valla , Zhou Lin , Wang Joel I.‐Jan , Ma Qiong , Cao Yuan , Rodan‐Legrain Daniel , Bie Ya‐Qing , Navarro‐Moratalla Efrén , Klein Dahlia , MacNeill David , Wu Sanfeng , Kitadai Hikari , Ling Xi , Jarillo‐Herrero Pablo , Kong Jing , Yin Jihao , Palacios Tomás 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdvanced microscopy and/or spectroscopy tools play indispensable roles in nanoscience and nanotechnology research, as they provide rich information about material processes and properties. However, the interpretation of imaging data heavily relies on the “intuition” of experienced researchers. As a result, many of the deep graphical features obtained through these tools are often unused because of difficulties in processing the data and finding the correlations. Such challenges can be well addressed by deep learning. In this work, the optical characterization of 2D materials is used as a case study, and a neural‐network‐based algorithm is demonstrated for the material and thickness identification of 2D materials with high prediction accuracy and real‐time processing capability. Further analysis shows that the trained network can extract deep graphical features such as contrast, color, edges, shapes, flake sizes, and their distributions, based on which an ensemble approach is developed to predict the most relevant physical properties of 2D materials. Finally, a transfer learning technique is applied to adapt the pretrained network to other optical identification applications. This artificial‐intelligence‐based material characterization approach is a powerful tool that would speed up the preparation, initial characterization of 2D materials and other nanomaterials, and potentially accelerate new material discoveries.
Thermal Management by Engineering the Alignment of Nanocellulose
Authors: Smalyukh Ivan I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOne of the grand current research challenges is to improve the energy efficiency of residential and commercial buildings, which cumulatively consume more than 40% of the energy generated globally. In addition to improving the comfort of the inhabitants and mitigating the growing energy consumption problem, new building materials and technologies could provide a safe strategy for geoengineering to mitigate global climate change. Herein, recent progress in developing such advanced materials from nanocellulose, which is often derived from wood or even dirty feedstocks like waste, is reviewed. By using chemical and bacteria‐enabled processing, nanocellulose can be used to fabricate broadband photonic reflectors, thermally super‐insulating aerogels, solar gain regulators, and low‐emissivity coatings, with potential applications in windows, roofs, walls, and other components of buildings envelopes. These material developments draw inspiration from advanced energy management found in nature, such as the nanoporous photonic structures that evolved in cuticles of beetles. Fabrication of such materials takes advantage of mesoscale liquid crystalline self‐assembly, which allows for pre‐designed control of cellulose nanoparticle orientations at the mesoscale. With the potential fully realized, such materials could one day transform the current energy‐lossy buildings into energy plants on Earth and possibly even enable extraterrestrial habitats.
External Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 24% with CIEy Value of 0.08 using a Novel Carbene‐Based Iridium Complex in Deep‐Blue Phosphorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Park Ho‐Yeol , Maheshwaran Athithan , Moon Chang‐Ki , Lee Hyuna , Reddy Saripally Sudhaker , Sree Vijaya Gopalan , Yoon Jiyoung , Kim Jeong Won , Kwon Jang Hyuk , Kim Jang‐Joo , Jin Sung‐Ho 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDeep‐blue triplet emitters remain far inferior to standard red and green triplet emitters in terms of exhibiting high‐color‐purity Commission International de l'Éclairage (CIE) y values of ≤0.1, external quantum efficiencies (EQEs), and high electroluminescent brightnesses in phosphorescent organic light‐emitting diodes. In fact, no deep‐blue triplet emitter with color purity and high device performance has previously been reported. In this study, a deep‐blue triplet emitter, mer‐tris(N‐phenyl, N‐benzyl‐pyridoimidazol‐2‐yl)iridium(III) (mer‐Ir1) is developed, which meets the requirements of the National Television System Committee (NTSC) CIE(x, y) coordinates of (0.149, 0.085) with an extremely high EQE of 24.8% and maximum brightness (Lmax) of 6453 cd m−2, by a device with a 40 vol% doping ratio. Moreover, another device demonstrates an EQEmax of 21.3%, an Lmax of 5247 cd m−2, and CIE(x, y) coordinates of (0.151, 0.086) at a 30 vol% doping ratio. This is the first report of a high‐performance, deep‐blue phosphor, carbene‐based Ir(III) complex device with outstanding CIE(x, y) color coordinates and a high EQE. The results of this study indicate that the novel dopant mer‐Ir1 is a promising candidate for reducing power consumption in display applications.
Induction of Immune Response against Metastatic Tumors via Vaccination of Mannan‐BAM, TLR Ligands, and Anti‐CD40 Antibody (MBTA)
Authors: Medina Rogelio , Wang Herui , Caisová Veronika , Cui Jing , Indig Iris H. , Uher Ondrej , Ye Juan , Nwankwo Anthony , Sanchez Victoria , Wu Tianxia , Nduom Edjah , Heiss John , Gilbert Mark R. , Terabe Masaki , Ho Winson , Zenka Jan , Pacak Karel , Zhuang Zhengping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence is demonstrating the extent of T‐cell infiltration within the tumor microenvironment has favorable prognostic and therapeutic implications. Hence, immunotherapeutic strategies that augment the T‐cell signature of tumors hold promising therapeutic potential. Recently, immunotherapy based on intratumoral injection of mannan‐BAM, toll‐like receptor ligands and anti‐CD40 antibody (MBTA) demonstrated promising potential to modulate the immune phenotype of injected tumors. The strategy promotes the phagocytosis of tumor cells to facilitate the recognition of tumor antigens and induce a tumor‐specific adaptive immune response. Using a syngeneic colon carcinoma model, MBTA's potential to augment CD8+ T‐cell tumor infiltrate when administered intratumorally or subcutaneously is demonstrated as part of a whole tumor cell vaccine. Both immunotherapeutic strategies prove effective at controlling tumor growth, prolong survival, and induce immunological memory against the parental cell line. Collectively, the investigation demonstrates MBTA's potential to trigger a potent anti‐tumor immune response.