bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Isotretinoin Innocent from Causing Inflammatory Bowel Disease?
Authors: Alrajhi Saad M. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives: Multiple case reports suggesting isotretinoin causes inflammatory bowel disease leading to compensations reaching millions of dollars. New larger studies question this effect. This is a meta-analysis to study the association.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and WorldCat. We extracted six articles measuring drug exposure and disease incidence. We measured the effects of isotretinoin on inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, using pooled odds ratio. The effect can be measured using the fixed or the random model. The fixed effect assumes studies have the same effect in the same population, while the random assumes heterogeneity. The correct model is chosen based on a Q-heterogeneity test.
Results: Sample size was 9723864. Inflammatory bowel disease in isotretinoin exposed had an odds ratio of {1.075, 95% confidence interval (0.78, 1.49)}, Crohn’s disease{0.97, 95% confidence interval (0.65, 1.43)} and ulcerative colitis {1.28, 95% confidence interval (0.88, 1.86)}. All odds ratios had a p-value > 0.05 using the random-model which was chosen due to significant Q and I-squared score p value < 0.05. There was significant heterogeneity of the six studies, which lack consistency in adjusting for important co-variables (dose, family history, smoking, etc.)
Assessment of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score in Acute Coronary Syndrome among Saudi and non-Saudi Patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alhejily Wesam A. , Fallatah Raneem Ahmed , Alabsi Haneen Hussain , Ashi Hadeel Sameer , Alharbi Shahad Majed 
Published: November 2019

Background: One third of all deaths worldwide are attributed to acute coronary syndrome. The thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score is used to assess the risk of mortality and major adverse outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess and compare the morbidity and mortality differences rate between Saudi and non-Saudi patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the coronary care unit of King Abdulaziz University Hospital. All acute coronary syndrome cases were enrolled and assessed using the thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Risk Score.
Results: 242 cases were divided as 98 ST-elevation myocardial infarction cases and 144 unstable angina/non ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Among ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients 21 were Saudi patients and 77 were non-Saudi patients with the median thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk score for Saudi was 5 and for non-Saudi 3.5 (P = 0.6). Unstable angina/non ST-elevation myocardial infarction cases had 47 Saudi patients and 94 non-Saudi patients with the median score was 4.2 for Saudis versus 4.5 for non-Saudis (P = 0.4).
Conclusion: Overall thrombolysis in myocardial infarction were higher in Saudis with ST-elevation myocardial infarction than non-Saudis, and higher for non-Saudis with unstable angina/non ST-elevation myocardial infarction than Saudis. However, the difference was not significant (p = 0.6, p = 0.4). The 30 days and one-year mortality as well as major adverse cardiac events were similar between the two groups in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (P = 0.4 and 0.7) and unstable angina/non ST-elevation myocardial infarction population (P = 0.3 and 0.3).
Asthma Knowledge and Behaviors among Hairdressing Salon Employees in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljohaney Ahmed A. , Daali Shahad M. , Allohaibi Shorooq H. , Alghamdi Liqaa F. , Alshareef Maha M. , Alhejaili Faris F. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives: To assess asthma knowledge among salon employees and to examine their behaviors toward protective devices.
Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and September 2016. Thirty-five salons were randomly selected of the 785 salons in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 160 employees were interviewed using the Chicago Community Asthma Survey to assess their knowledge about asthma and their behaviors in response to chemicals in the workplace.
Results: The participants’ mean age was 34 years; 28% of participants were hairdressers. Moreover, 30% of employees only possessed adequate knowledge about asthma. Education level (p = 0.044), Saudi nationality (p = 0.003), and a family history of asthma (p = 0.008) were significantly related to knowledge level. Further, a significant gap was noted between employees’ knowledge of the benefits of masks and gloves and the practice of wearing these devices while working.
Conclusions: Asthma knowledge among most salon employees was inadequate, and a significant gap was found between employees’ knowledge and practice. Pre-employment education programs about asthma are recommended and may enhance the knowledge levels among this group of workers. In addition, future research directed to further understanding the gap between employees’ knowledge levels of the benefits of masks and gloves, and their actual implementation at work, is needed. Efforts are required to bridge this gap to protect employees in the workplace.
The Effect of Caffeinated Beverages on Sleep Quality in College Students
Authors: AlSharif Sarah M. , Al-Qathmi Marwah S. , Baabdullah Wejdan M. , Alhrkan Talah A. , Fayoumi Yara A. , Alhejaili Faris F. , Wali Siraj O. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives: Poor sleep quality is considered a global health problem. Considering that caffeine intake contributes to sleep disturbances, we evaluated the relationship between sleep quality and the consumption of caffeinated beverages in college students in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted with college students aged 18 to 25 years old from both governmental and private colleges in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Sleep quality, caffeine intake, and stress exposure were assessed using three validated electronic questionnaires.
Results: A total of 476 college students completed the questionnaire. Sleep quality was found to be poor in 80.7% of students. The prevalence of caffeine intake was as follows: none = 8%, a tolerable amount = 40.5%, and excessive = 51.5%. Of the students who reported excessive caffeine intake, 83.3% had poor sleep quality. The relationship between excessive caffeine intake and poor sleep quality was significant (p = 0.003).
Conclusions: The majority of students had poor sleep quality, and this was correlated with excessive caffeine intake. Our results highlight the importance of raising awareness among students about the factors that may affect sleep quality.
Удосконалення правової охорони культурної спадщини в Українській РСР (середина 1940-х – початок 1950-х років)
Authors: Mazur T. V. 
Published: November 2019

Метою статті є аналіз специфіки правового регулювання охорони культурної спадщини в Українській РСР у повоєнні роки.
Наукова новизна. За результатами аналізу нормативних актів виявлено специфіку правового регулювання охорони культурної спадщини в Українській РСР у повоєнні роки. Виокремлено основні напрямки правового регулювання охорони культурної спадщини у розглядуваний період.
Висновки. Специфікою розвитку пам’яткоохоронного законодавства досліджуваного періоду є вироблення його засад у союзному центрі й ухвалення загальносоюзних документів, які в основному дублювалися відповідними актами союзних республік. Водночас Українська РСР, пам’ятки якої чи не найбільше постраждали у роки Другої світової війни, активно проводила власну пам’яткоохоронну діяльність, розробляючи, серед іншого, й необхідні нормативні акти. У нормативно-правовому забезпеченні охорони культурної спадщини в Українській РСР воєнного та повоєнного періоду можна до певної міри умовно виокремити три основні напрямки: 1) відновлення діяльності історико-архітектурних заповідників та створення нових музеїв і заповідників; 2) правове забезпечення увіковічення пам’яті полеглих у роки Другої світової та попередніх воєн; 3) удосконалення системи обліку та реєстрації об’єктів культурної спадщини. Загалом у цей період було розроблено та схвалено ряд важливих документів, зокрема постанову РНК УРСР 1944 р. «Про повернення музейних експонатів», постанову РНК УРСР і ЦК КП(б)У 1945 р. «Про заходи до впорядкування стану пам’яток культури, старовини і природи на території Української РСР», постанову РНК УРСР 1948 р. «Про заходи до поліпшення охорони пам’ятників культури на території Української РСР», Інструкцію про порядок обліку, реєстрації і тримання археологічних та історичних пам’ятників на території Української РСР 1950 р. та інші, які не лише дали змогу відбудувати й реставрувати пошкоджені в роки війни пам’ятки, а й налагодити процес їх обліку, реєстрації, охорони та збереження, тим самим врятувавши для нащадків важливі об’єкти культурного надбання, створені попередниками упродовж багатьох століть.
The Norse element in Scottish Gaelic
Authors: Cox Richard A. V. 
Published: November 2019

L’élément nordique en gaélique d’Ecosse.
L’auteur examine le lexique emprunté au vieux-norrois en gaélique d’Ecosse, à partir des sources littéraires et toponymiques ; il en fait un classement sémantique et socio-linguistique (noms propres, mots communs liés à l’occupation du sol, à l’élevage et à la pêche ; à la flore et à la faune ; à la description du paysage), montrant qu’il y a eu un contact prolongé entre les deux cultures. Il traite des problèmes phonologiques et morphologiques qui s’y rapportent.
Tradition et innovation dans la poésie orale du Conamara aujourd’hui
Authors: Denvir Gearóid 
Published: November 2019

Tradition and innovation in the oral poetry of Conamara today.
Traditional poets of Conamara today practice their craft at the end of an uninterrupted continuum of 2000 years. The psychological consciousness, the ‘Weltanschauung’ of their art procede from the Gaelic symbolic universe as it has developed through the centuries. The narrative voice and the function of this oral poetry also procede from tradition. Compared with so-called modern poetry, this art depicts everyday-life in the Gaeltacht community of Conamara from the inside. The poems contain no high philosophy nor fundamental questions concerning human nature. Though they function in a modern world, the poets understand very well the importance of tradition. This lecture discusses the link in this poetry between ancient modes of thought and modern concepts of the world.
Gaulish Sunartiu
Authors: Hamp Eric P. 
Published: November 2019

Gaulois sunartiu
Acceptant la nouvelle lecture sunartiu proposée par P.-Y. Lambert (début de la tablette de Chamalières), l’auteur conclut à un degré réduit ancien, *su-nrt-io- (neutre) et apporte plusieurs compléments méthodologiques ou théoriques à la précédente analyse du mot. En appendice, réflexions sur le livre récent de Patrizia de Bernardo Stempel consacré au traitement des sonantes (liquides, nasales) en celtique.
Lepontic, Celtiberian, Gaulish and the archaeological evidence
Authors: Hoz Javier de 
Published: November 2019

Lépontique, Celtibère, Gaulois et les sources archéologiques.
L’auteur se propose de pallier la rareté des documents linguistiques du Celtique continental en utilisant les sources archéologiques. Comme certains documents lépontiques ont reçu une datation plus reculée, il suppose que la culture immédiatement précédente (Champs d’Urnes) a pu être partiellement celtique, à cet endroit. Redéfinissant les traits spécifiques du Lépontique, il remarque le petit nombre des innovations (comparées à celles du Gaulois) et admet que le Proto-lépontique devait être proche du Celtique commun. L’irruption du gaulois en Cisalpine (ainsi qu’en bien d’autres endroits) n’est qu’un aspect de l’expansion importante de la culture Laténienne. Même la France a gardé des traces d’un parler celtique pré-gaulois (noms en -qu-). L’Espagne présente une situation plus compliquée, mais sans aucune trace confirmée de gaulois.
Further to tongu do dia toinges mo thuath, &c.
Authors: Koch John Thomas 
Published: November 2019

A propos de tongu do día toinges mo thúath, etc.
L’auteur explique comme apparentés cette formule irlandaise et le serment gallois tynghaf tynghet it, ainsi que leurs variantes et le Gaulois toncnaman toncsiiontio (Chamalières). Ces expressions viennent d’une déformation tabouistique du Celtique Commun, à partir de *tongū (do) Lugue lugjom, où il fallait éviter de nommer à la fois le nom du dieu du serment et le nom commun presque homophone. Le Celtique commun *tonketo- “destinée (jurée)” (> virl. tocad, moy.gall. tynghet) a été formé comme un mot désacralisé pour remplacer *lugjom (> virl. luge, moy. gall. llw “serment”), ce qui s’est produit dans le contexte du mythe et du culte de la divinité principale, Lugus.
The role of toponymy in the Ordnance Survey of Ireland
Authors: Ó Maolfabhail Art 
Published: November 2019

Ireland has the unique, and somewhat paradoxical distinction in modern times, of giving the status of First Official Language to a Celtic Language which, at the same time, is designated a lesser-used language of the European Community. This state policy gives national status to the Irish-languages forms of the current placenames of Ireland and is officially supported by a government-appointed advisory Commission, An Coimisiún Logainmneacha.
In the days of total British administration in Ireland the Ordnance Survey, that is the government mapping agency, through its vigorous Topographic Department in the early 19th century devoted great care to the Celtic toponymy of Ireland mainly for the purpose of providing written forms which would be suitable for use in the English language. This paper describes the part presently being played by the national mapping agency of modern Ireland in implementing the state policy of bilingualism. In particular, reference is made to the use of the science of toponymy in restoring the original Irish forms of the placenames, thus providing rich sources for linguistic, dialectal and historic studies.
Société et droit dans la littérature du Pays de Galles au Moyen Âge
Authors: Walters Dafydd Bened 
Published: November 2019

Law and society in Welsh medieval literature.
There is more than one way of reading the collection of tales improperly called Mabinogion by Lady Charlotte Guest whose complete English translation of the Red Book of Hergest and of the White Book of Rhydderch was published between 1838 and 1849. In his article the author deals with only two aspects : he shows how some passages, which otherwise would remain misunderstood, can be interpreted in the light of Cyfraith Hywel (the usual designation for Welsh texts and Latin translations of the Welsh Law). Conversely, he shows how these stories illustrate the law texts and confirm their stipulations. Examples are taken only from the Four Branches.
Le site de Závist et le développement du réseau des oppida en Bohême
Authors: Drda Petr 
Published: November 2019

Les fouilles qui furent conduites sur le site de Závist près de Prague permettent de discerner aujourd'hui cinq phases successives de l'oppidum qui couvrent les périodes La Tène C2, DI et D2 de la chronologie dérivée du système de Reinecke. Ces phases correspondent à des transformations du système défensif qui modifient l'organisation et l'extension de l'ensemble, jusqu'au maximum de 118 hectares de la dernière étape de reconstruction.
La comparaison avec le site de Stradonice, où sont reconnues deux phases, montre un net décalage : le début de cet oppidum correspondrait à la phase III de Závist et son essor principal à la régression de sa phase IV.
Zur Inschrift von Botorrita : keltiberisch bintiś, kombalkes, kombalkoŕeś, aleiteś und ikueś
Authors: Bayer Walter 
Published: November 2019

A propos de l'inscription de Botorrita : Celtibère bintiś, kombalkes, kombalkoŕeś, aleiteś et ikueś.
On suppose que l'inscription de Botorrita est un acte de juridiction ou d'administration. Par conséquent on devrait pouvoir identifier des mots et des calques empruntés au vocabulaire latin juridique ou administratif. Il est regardé comme prouvé que bintiś et ikueś correspondent aux lat. vindex et eques. Le thème de kombalkes s'avère être un représentant de la famille latine de complacere, ainsi que le composé kombalkoŕeś qui se révèle être un fonctionnaire ressemblant au président de tribunal ou d'administration. aleiteś semble être un des titres additionnels de ce président indiquant sa fonction législative.
Cornique wharfos et moyen breton hoaruout : note étymologique
Authors: Lindeman Fredrik Otto 
Published: November 2019

Cornish wharfos and Middle-Breton hoaruout, an etymological note.
The author proposes to see in Cornish wharfos and Middle Breton hoaruout to happen’ a Celtic compound *su+ari+butd arriver the morphological structure of which corresponds to that of *to+ari+buta to happen’ (W. d-ar-fod) : *su-, like *to-, goes back to an inherited syntactic particle.
Conventional descriptions of the horse in the Ulster cycle
Authors: Sayers William 
Published: November 2019

Descnptions conventionnelles du cheval dans le Cycle d'Ulster.
La description normative du cheval chez Isidore de Séville est proposée comme modèle de l'organisation et du contenu du portrait de l'attelage qui figure dans le topos étendu du guerrier qui s'avance dans le cycle épique des Ultoniens. L'origine des traits stylistiques de la suite d'adjectifs enchaînée, toutefois, est à chercher dans la tradition indigène et, vraisemblablement, orale. L'article se termine par un glossaire de 150 adjectifs recueillis dans 15 textes typiques.
A French source for aisling poetry : Alain Chartier’s Quadrilogue invectif
Authors: Mullally Evelyn 
Published: November 2019

Une source française pour la poésie de vision (aisling) : le Quadrilogue invectif d'Alain Chartier.
S'appuyant sur la thèse de Gérard Murphy, selon laquelle les formes tardives de l'aisling ont subi l'influence de la littérature française du Moyen Age, cet article signale l'étroite ressemblance entre la personnification de l'Irlande, telle qu'on la trouve dans l'aisling politique et la personnification de la France imaginée par Alain Chartier pour son Quadrilogue invectif (1422), texte qui dérive d'œuvres françaises et latines.
Le sénéchal Keu ou la fonction cosmique du rire
Authors: Pontfarcy Yolande de 
Published: November 2019

The seneschal Keu or the cosmic function of laughter.
The role of the over-confident seneschal Keu in Chretien de Troyes’ romances is compared to that of Bricriu, the evil-tongued and master of ceremonies ; of Conan, the impulsive warrior ; and of the ill-natured Norse god Loki, provider and trickster. The conflit and laughter they create are the expression of their ambiguous character and the very signs of their functions as mediators of sovereignty (either royal or heroic) and cosmic order (the birth of a new time or a new era), initiators of a quest or of a tale. Keu’s function does not differ from that of the Welsh Cei who, through his action or inaction in Culwch and Olwen, contributes to the honour and glory of Arthur.
Le Quatrième Esdras et la littérature islamique
Authors: Comerro Viviane 
Published: November 2019

The figure of Ezra is known in Islamic literature by the name 'Uzayr. Stories concerning this figure take their literary models from Fourth Ezra, a Jewish apocryphon transmitted in Christian circles. One of the main themes of this work -man 's questioning with regard to divine justice -grafted upon the great debate of the first centuries after the Hegire which opposed defendors of free will to those of predestination, has lent 'Uzayr his specificity in Islamic sacred history.
Two traditions ascribed to Wahb Ibn Munabbih (dead about 732) are precise adaptations of TV Ezra 3 and IV Ezra 5, 23-30. They are here presented facing the latin version of the apocryphon.
Poésie religieuse de Qoumrân
Authors: Caquot André 
Published: November 2019

Traduction commentée de deux séries d'hymnes :
1. 4Q 380-381 paraissent conserver les restes de poèmes attribués à des personnages d'autrefois autres que David. Pour 381, les fragments édités par E. Schuller sont présentés selon la séquence reconstituée par H. Stegemann, qui permet d'imaginer une progression dans la célébration des hauts faits divins, de la création à l'histoire nationale, dans une perspective dominée par les idées de jugement et de sélection, mais aussi de grâce accordée au repentir. Le locuteur se présente parfois comme une personnalité collective rétablie après une épreuve.
2. 4Q 434-438 ont aussi pour locuteur une personnalité collective représentant des «pauvres ». Il rend grâce à Dieu pour des manifestations de sa faveur, dons de la nature, victoires historiques, conversion personnelle et illumination.
Habilidades mentales de las integrantes del equipo de voleibol femenino
Authors: Rodríguez Partidas Nicolás Javier , Guanipa Iván , Sánchez Rosana 
Published: November 2019

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar las habilidades mentales de las integrantes del equipo de voleibol femenino de la UNEFM, siendo de tipo descriptiva, se aplicó el instrumento que se utilizó fue el “TEST” de Inventario del rendimiento psicológico de Loehr, compuesto por preguntas cerradas en escala nominal y ordinal de 5 opciones. La población de la presente investigación estuvo conformada por 15 jugadoras de Voleibol femenino de la Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda. Se llegó a la conclusión de que las atletas necesitan de un psicólogo deportivo dentro del equipo ya que las distintas características psicológicas son bajas y necesitan ayuda especial para mejorar su rendimiento y logra buenos resultados deportivos en las competencias deportivas.
Dos vertientes de escritura autobiográfica en Reinaldo Arenas
Authors: Barroso José del Carmen 
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer los paralelismos entre la autobiografía Antes que anochezca, del escritor cubano Reinaldo Arenas, y la novela Celestino antes del alba, del mismo autor. Como soporte teórico se emplean las consideraciones que en torno a la autobiografía, como género escritural, ha planteado George May. Igualmente se revisan las ideas expresadas por Philippe Lejeune en relación con el pacto que establece el lector de autobiografías con el autobiógrafo. La conclusión más notoria a la que se llega es que Celestino… si bien es una obra ficcional, identificada con el cognomento de novela, presenta rasgos autobiográficos muy marcados.
Aprendizaje de lenguas para la diversidad cultural
Authors: Briceño de Osorio Alba 
Published: November 2019

Se ofrece en este estudio etnográfico realizado en la Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela, y titulado “La visión epistémica en el proceso de mediación y aprendizaje de lenguas para la diversidad cultural” constituye un valiosísimo aporte a la necesaria reflexión y toma de conciencia sobre el tema de las desigualdades lingüísticas. El multilingüismo aparece como una fuente de riqueza en su vida académica y, por ello, son más partidarios de ensanchar el abanico de lenguas presentes en la uni­versidad (como demuestra su mayor apoyo a la presencia de lenguas in­ternacionales minoritarias). Por estos motivos, el análisis de los procesos de homogenización, heterogenización e hibridación ante la creciente presencia del inglés es vital, puesto que el estudio de las percepciones que genera este proceso entre los miembros de la comunidad universitaria adquiere gran relevan­cia a la hora de diseñar políticas lingüísticas.