bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rendimiento y supresión de malezas por cultivares de gandul en rotación con tomate y pimiento
Authors: Nelson Semidey  , Angel Bosques-Vega  
Published: October 2020

Desde julio de 1993 hasta junio de 1995 se realizaron dos experimentos de campo en las Subestaciones de la Estación Experimental Agrícola de Lajas y Juana Díaz para evaluar el rendimiento, la supresión de malezas y el impacto de siete cultivares de gandul [Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth] sobre siembras subsiguientes de tomate y pimiento. Los tratamientos consistieron en la incorporación al suelo de los rastrojos de plantas de siete cultivares de gandul. Los cultivares de gandul Kaki, 2B-Bushy, PR 147, Blanco de Yauco, Guerrero, Cortada y la Línea 84 se cultivaron desde mediados de julio hasta finales de enero del siguiente año. Las plántulas de tomate y pimiento se trasplantaron seis semanas después de la incorporación de los rastrojos del gandul. En ambos años, el rendimiento promedio en vaina de todos los cultivares de gandul, excepto Guerrero, fueron más altos en Juana Díaz que en Lajas. Al compararse con las parcelas control, los cultivares de gandul no afectaron las densidades de malezas en Lajas, pero todos los cultivares redujeron las densidades de malezas en siembras de tomate y pimiento en Juana Díaz en 1994 y 1995. Amaranthus dubius, Cyperus rotundus, Echinochloa colona, y Trianthema portulacastrum fueron las especies de malezas suprimidas en la siembra de tomate posterior a la siembra del gandul en Juana Díaz.
Evaluación agronómica y parámetros genéticos en soya para consumo humano directo en Puerto Rico
Authors: Fausto Camacho-Chacón  , Silvia R. Cianzio  , James S. Beaver  
Published: October 2020

En las regiones tropicales del hemisferio occidental, el alto contenido de proteína de la soya [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] puede mejorar la dieta de la población. Para este propósito, sería necesario desarrollar cultivares adaptados a la región y con semillas de tamaño adecuado para consumo humano. Los objetivos del estudio fueron estimar la heredabilidad de algunas características agronómicas, las correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas entre ellas y la comparación de las características agronómicas y reproductivas de las líneas, sembradas en distintas fechas en Puerto Rico. En diciembre de 1992 se evaluaron 89 plantas individuales F4:5 del cruzamiento de IAC-8 [Grupo de Madurez (GM) IX, no adaptado para consumo humano, con semilla de tamaño mediano] x Kanto-101 (GM III, adaptado para consumo humano, con semilla de tamaño grande), los padres y líneas controles. Las líneasF4:6 se evaluaron en ensayos replicados en junio y agosto de 1993. Las características consideradas fueron fecha de la floración completa (R2), fecha del llenado de las vainas (R6), fecha de la madurez completa (R8), altura de las plantas, ancho de las vainas y peso de 100 semillas. Las heredabilidades expresadas a base del promedio de las líneas fueron de intermedias (0.56) a altas (0.96). Las correlaciones fenotípicas y genotípicas variaron de cero a altas (0.96). Las correlaciones de rango fueron intermedias, positivas y significativas, variando desde 0.41 a 0.79. Para todas las características, los genotipos que fueron seleccionados en el 10% superior durante las siembras de junio y agosto, a base del promedio de las líneas, también fueron seleccionados en diciembre, a base de las medidas en plantas individuales. En el trópico, la selección de genotipos de soya con tamaño de semilla adecuado para consumo humano directo se puede realizar en distintas épocas de siembra durante el mismo año, en plantas individuales en las etapas iniciales del programa y en ensayos replicados posteriormente.
Hongos patógenos del cormo de apio (Arracada xanthorrhiza) en Puerto Rico
Authors: Evelyn Rosa-Márquez  , Lydia I. Rivera  , Carlos E. Ortiz  , Arcángel Rodríguez  
Published: October 2020

Phytophthora palmivora, Rhizoctonia sp. y dos aislados de Fusarium spp. fueron identificados y asociados a la pudrición del cormo del apio (Arracada xanthorrhiza) en pruebas de patogenicidad realizadas en el laboratorio e invernadero. En las pruebas de laboratorio todos los hongos resultaron ser patogénicos al cormo. En las pruebas de invernadero todos los hongos causaron lesiones en el cormo. Se observaron tres tipos de lesiones principales; raíces completamente necrotizadas; raíces necrotizadas y una lesión en la parte interna del cormo de apariencia seca y firme; y lesiones húmedas de diferentes tonalidades. El porcentaje mayor de cormos afectados se observó en las inoculaciones con P. palmivora en combinación con Rhizoctonia sp. El daño más severo se observó en los cormos inoculados con P. palmivora solo y en combinación con Rhizoctonia sp. Se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio para evaluar la eficacia de los fungicidas metalaxyl, etridiazole thiophanate-methyl, y fosetyl-al contra los hongos aislados en dosis de 5 hasta 200 mg ia/kg. Etridiazole thiophanate-methyl controló el crecimiento de todos los hongos asociados a la pudrición del apio. El crecimiento de P. palmivora fue inhibido completamente por metalaxyl en todas las dosis y por etridiazole thiophanate-methyl en dosis de 20 mg ia/kg o más.
LEITURA LITERÁRIA E LETRAMENTO SEMIÓTICO NA SALA DE AULA
Authors: Pereira Aurea da Silva , Gomes Jussara Figueiredo 
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo intitulado Leitura literária e letramento semiótico na sala de aula aborda sobre a leitura de textos literários e de textos semióticos na sala de aula. Neste diálogo, discutimos também sobre a importância dessas modalidades textuais no processo de formação crítica e reflexiva do leitor contemporâneo. Assim, o texto pauta uma discussão em um diálogo teórico entre leitura literária e letramento semiótico e suas contribuições no processo de formação leitora de estudantes na sala de aula para uma aprendizagem significativa. Nesse viés, buscamos traçar uma abordagem sobre o trabalho com os textos verbais e não verbais no contexto escolar, abordando sobre o importante papel da escola para o desenvolvimento da leitura literária e semiótica na sala de aula. Para embasar da escrita, apropriamo-nos dos fundamentos da teoria literária e letramento semiótico, como Catto (2013), Cruz (2012), Aguiar (2006), Rojo (2012). No processo de discussão da teoria e seus fundamentos, tendo como base experiências de oficinas com textos literários e semióticos na sala de aula, percebemos que esse tipo de prática pedagógica se constitui em ferramenta poderosa que pode despertar o gosto pela leitura literária e, consequentemente, contribuirá para formação de leitores.
Palavras-chave: Leitura literária. Letramento semiótico. Sala de aula.
The partial virological response to Tenofovir monotherapy in naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Gedik Habip , Muge Sonmezisik  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We report two treatment-naïve cases, a 26-year-old female patient and a 59-year-old male patient who were followed up for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) at the Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology. A partial response subsequent to 12 months of Tenofovir Disoproksil (TDF) monotherapy presumably due to an antiviral-drug resistance was noted. A sustained viral response with TDF (245 mg) or Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF, 25 mg) + Entecavir (ETV, 1 mg) combination therapy was observed after failure with TDF monotherapy. A combination therapy with TDF (245 mg) or TAF (25 mg) +ETV (1 mg) is efficacious in naïve patients with a partial response to TDF monotherapy.
Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B, Tenofovir, partial response, Entecavir, combination therapy
PAI-1 and tPA gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a sample of Turkish population
Authors: Aysel Sunnetcioglu  , Mehmet Berkoz  , Metin Yildirim  , Gulhan Bora  , Serap Yalin  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G or tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) I/D polymorphisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cases in a sample of Turkish population.
Methods: PAI-1 4G/5G and tPA Alu-repeat I/D genetic polymorphisms in 153 COPD subjects and 160 controls were investigated using PCR-RFLP and PCR methods, respectively.
Results: 4G allele frequency was 0.62 and 0.39 for COPD and control groups, respectively. 4G allele had an estimated 2.56-fold [95% CI = 1.85–3.53] increased risk of COPD. tPA I allele frequency was 0.55 and 0.50, for COPD and control groups, respectively. I allele had an estimated 1.19-fold [95% CI = 0.87–1.62] increased risk of COPD
Conclusions: PAI-1 4G/4G and 4G/5G genotypes seemed to play a key role in the pathophysiology of COPD in Turkish individuals.
Keywords: COPD; Genetic susceptibility; Polymorphisms; Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA); Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
Experimental Study on Anti Scorpion Venom potential of Paravatadi Agada of Ayurveda in Indian Red Scorpion Venom (Mesobuthus tamulus)
Authors: Deshmukh Sunil , Chalakh Sonali , Rajput Dhirajsing 
Published: October 2020

Background: Scorpion sting is a frequent event in tropical and subtropical countries. The objective of this study is to evaluate Efficacy of Paravatadi Agada on Indian Red Scorpion Venom (Mesobuthus Tamulus). Materials and Methods: PA was prepared as per textual reference. Water soluble extract of PA was obtained using Soxhlet apparatus. Swiss albino mice of 20-30gm were used. Lypholised venom sample of Mesobuthus tamales and Lyophilized monovalent enzymerefined immunoglobuline anti scorpion venom serum (ASV) was used. Using lethal dose of scorpion venom (25.12 μg/g), venom neutralising property of PA extract (300mg/kg), ASV(1mg) intra-peritoneally and PA(31mg/mice) orally. The parameter used were Mean survival time, protection fold and percentage survival of animals over the period of 24 hrs. Histopathological examinations of all mice were done. Result: Maximum protection fold is seen in ASV treated group which is 10.03 with 83.33 % survival but water soluble extract of PA also showed some protective effect against scorpion venom 7.68 with 50 % survival rate. Histopathological examination showed that PA extract, ASV and PA treated group showed less effect of scorpion venom on Heart, Liver and Kidney compared to control group in which sever histopathological manifestations are detected. Conclusion : The protection fold and survival percentage of extract of PA was better than Powder form of PA but less than ASV but enough significant in view of availability, safety, ease in method of preparation and cost effectiveness compared to ASV.
Evaluation of efficacy of Navakarshik Kwath Ghan in Sheetpitta with special reference to Urticaria
Authors: Rathod Rohan , Thakre Pooja P , Ade Vinod 
Published: October 2020

Background: Sheetapitta (Urticaria) is one among the Tvak Vikara (Skin disease) that have similar Hetu (Cause) of Kotha and Udarda. Vata and Kapha are two "Doshas" (energies), which are primarily, disturbed which in turn is associated with Pitta resulting in Tridosha Prakopa (Aggravation of three energies) leading to redness, swelling itching on the skin etc. Symptoms include appearance of wheals all over the body with severe itching, burning sensation and pain. Symptomatology and causative factors of Sheetapitta can be considered similar to that of 'Urticaria'. Aim: This clinical study was carried out to evaluation of efficacy in Sheetpitta with special reference to Urticaria. Material – Navakarshik Kwath Ghan in dose of 2 tab of 500 mg twice a day with water after meal in duration of 15 days. Methodology – In this study include single group of 30 subjects of either gender in the age group of 16-60 years having complaining of reddish wheals, itching and pricking pain on body. Observation and Result – Data regarding age wise, sex wise, allergy wise, diet wise, Prakruti (Nature) wise, hematological parameters and UAS (Urticarial Activity Score). Conclusion – Internal use of Navakarshik Kwath Ghan is found effective in the severity of itching.
Efficacy of Shankhapushpi Choorna on Borderline IQ in School Going Children - A Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Study
Authors: Murali Aswathi P , Puranik Prathviraj , Jartarghar Nagaratna S 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To study the concepts regarding Medha, Medhya and IQ. Detailed assessment of IQ level of school going children with 6-8 years of age group. To study the efficacy of Shankhapushpi Choorna in the enhancement of IQ of school going children with Borderline IQ. Design: Open randomized placebo controlled clinical study with pre and post-test design. Setting: O.P.D. of Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Udupi and also nearby schools of Udupi. Interventions: A minimum of 40 children under borderline IQ were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected children were randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 each. Group A (Trial Group) were treated with Shankhapushpi Choorna with dose of 5grams daily at night, after food with lukewarm milk for a duration of 60 days and Group B was administered with Placebo. The follow up period was 30 days after the intervention. Main outcome measures: The subjective criteria were based on the parameters of Grasping power, Memory power, Courage & Activity. The values obtained using Malin’s Intelligence Scale for Indian Children (MISIC) were considered for objective assessment. Results: Over the duration of the study, the trial drug Shankhapushpi Choorna was seen to have a positive effect on all the subjective and objective parameters with statistically highly significant results. Conclusion: Shankhapushpi Choorna with the proper dosage according to the age definitely improves the Medha of children with borderline IQ. The drug can be used as both promotive as well as curative aspects in accordance with intelligence.
Volcanoes in video games: The portrayal of volcanoes in Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) video games and their learning potential
Authors: McGowan Edward George , Scarlett Jazmin Paris 
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Volcanoes are a very common staple in mainstream video games. Particularly within the action/adventure genres, entire missions (e.g. Monster Hunter: Generation Ultimate) or even full storylines (e.g. Spyro: The Reignited Trilogy) can require players to traverse an active volcano. With modern advancements in video game capabilities and graphics, many of these volcanic regions contain a lot of detail. Most video games nowadays have gameplay times in excess of 50 hours. The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild for example brags a minimum of 60 hours to complete. Therefore, players can spend a substantial amount of time immersed within the detailed graphics, and unknowingly learn about volcanic traits while playing. If these details are factually accurate to what is observed in real world volcanic systems, then video games can prove to be a powerful learning tool. However, inaccurate representations could instil a false understanding in thousands of players worldwide. Therefore, it is important to assess the accuracies of volcanology portrayed in mainstream video games and consider whether they can have an educational impact on the general public playing such games. Or, whether these volcanic details are overlooked by players as they focus solely on the entertainment factor provided. We have therefore reviewed several popular commercial video games that contain volcanic aspects and evaluated how realistic said aspects are when compared to real-world examples. It was found that all the games reviewed had a combination of accurate and inaccurate volcanic features and each would vary from game to game. The visual aesthetics of these features are usually very realistic, including lava, ash-fall and lahars. However, the inaccuracies or lack of representation of hazards that come with such features, such as ash-related breathing problems or severe burns from contact with molten lava, could have great negative impacts on a player's understanding of these deadly events. With further investigations assessing the direct impact on the general public, there is the opportunity to correctly assess how to incorporate the use of mainstream video games in educational systems and outreach.
Quantifying processes contributing to marine hazards to inform coastal climate resilience assessments, demonstrated for the Caribbean Sea
Authors: Jevrejeva Svetlana , Bricheno Lucy , Brown Jennifer , Byrne David , De Dominicis Michela , Matthews Andy , Rynders Stefanie , Palanisamy Hindumathi , Wolf Judith 
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Scientific evidence is critical to underpin the decisions associated with shoreline management, to build climate-resilient communities and infrastructure. We explore the role of waves, storm surges and sea level rise for the Caribbean region with a focus on coastal impacts in the eastern Caribbean islands. We simulate past extreme events and a worst-case
scenario, modelling the storm surges and waves, suggesting a storm surge
might reach 1.5 m, depending on the underwater topography. Coastal wave
heights of up to 12 m offshore and up to 5 m near the coast of St Vincent are
simulated with a regional wave model. We deliver probabilistic sea level
projections for 2100, with a low-probability–high-impact estimate of
possible sea level rise up to 2.2 m, exceeding the 1.8 m global estimate for the same scenario. We introduce a combined vulnerability index, which allows for a quantitative
assessment of relative risk across the region, showing that sea level rise
is the most important risk factor everywhere but wave impacts are important on windward coasts, increasing to the north, towards the main hurricane track. Our work provides quantitative evidence for policy-makers, scientists and local communities to actively prepare for and protect
against climate change.
VIRAL MUSICKING: AESTHETICS AND ITERATIONS IN ONLINE CONTAGION
Authors: Harper Paula Clare 
Published: October 2020

Cats at keyboards. Dancing hamsters. A photo of a dress, and videos set to “Harlem Shake.” The above are recognizable as “viral” phenomena—artifacts of the early twenty-first century whose production and dissemination were facilitated by the internet, proliferating social media platforms, and ubiquitous digital devices. In this paper, I argue that participation in such phenomena (producing, consuming, circulating, or “sharing” them) constitutes a significant site of twenty-first-century musical practice: viral musicking, to borrow and adapt Christopher Small’s foundational 1998 coinage. In this paper I analyze instances of viral musicking from the 2000s through the 2010s, tracking viral circulation as heterogeneous, capacious, and contradictory—a dynamic, relational assemblage of both “new” and “old” media and practices. The notion of virus as a metaphor for cultural spread is often credited to computer science and science fiction, with subsequent co-option into marketing and media; such formulations run adjacent to the popularization of "virus" in philosophical models for globalization and pervasive capitalism across the late twentieth century, from Derrida to Baudrillard and Deleuze. In this paper, I seek to braid these lineages with the work of scholars reading cultural contagion through lenses of alterity and difference, situating music as a particularly felicitous vector for viral contagion, exceeding and preceding Internet circulation. Ultimately, I argue that viral musicking activates utopian promises of digital advocates, through the cooperative social operation of “sharing,” even as it resonates through histories and presents of racialization, miscegenation, appropriation, and the realities of porous, breachable borders, cultures, and bodies.
METHODS THAT MOVE US: CREATIVITY AND ETHICS IN RESEARCHING DIGITAL YOUTH CULTURES
Authors: Uldbjerg Signe , Hendry Natalie , Gerrard Ysabel 
Published: October 2020

For scholars exploring digital youth cultures, creative research methods offer the potential to disrupt existing power imbalances, form empowering creative practices or closely engage with knowledge production that is dynamic, embodied and socially contextual. Yet the experience of doing creative research methods poses challenges that are often under- or unacknowledged in our work.
This roundtable brings together researchers from different countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, and the United Kingdom), career stages, and with differing methodological expertise to discuss the ethical, personal, theoretical and methodological challenges of creative methods research to understand intersectionally diverse groups of young people and their digitally lives.
In the spirit of creative methods, our roundtable opens with a short creative, hands-on task that encourages reflection on the following aspects of researching young people’s digital lives: approaching ethics, anonymity, care and vulnerability; choosing suitable research methods; including young people in research; rethinking what counts as “data”; and publishing research results.
We will then share brief summaries of our research, addressing ethical challenges at different stages of the research process; from diversity in recruitment and interactions between research designs and young people’s digital lives, to representations of young voices in academic writing and young people’s possibilities of long-term commitments in participatory research. We want to emphasize the importance of openly discussing the challenges we face as researchers but also as practitioners, educators and activists, and we will invite participants to discuss their own research relating to creative methods, ethics and youth digital cultures.
Our work emphasises the political and pedagogical need for research that approaches young people’s diverse media practices through respectful listening and co-production methods. Additionally, we wish to reflect on our own positions as researchers and feminists, and on which perspectives we can represent and which we cannot.
Impact of Institutional Governance Tools on Reducing Agency Costs to Commercial Banks Listed in the Amman Stock Exchange
Authors: Shaqqour Omar Fareed 
Published: October 2020

This study aims to identify the Impact of institutional governance tools on reducing agency costs in the banks listed in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). To this end, the researcher has studied the impact of an institutional governance tools on reducing the agency costs. Which are: board of directors` size, board of directors` independent members ratio, number of audit committee meetings, ratio of debt-financing, market share and bank`s size.The agency costs are measured by three indicators: assets turnover ratio, operating expenses ratio and free cash flow indicator. Study sample comprises all 16 banks listed in the ASE, for which data are available in the ASE during period of the study (2017 – 2019). EXCEL and SPSS are used to identify descriptive characteristics of study and analyze data. Regression analysis method is also used to test the study hypotheses. The study results have concluded that agency costs increase with the increase in the board of directors size, the independent members ratio, number of meetings of audit committees, debt finance ratio and market share ratio. The study has also concluded, as per the operating expenses indicator, that agency costs increase with the increase of debt financing, while they decrease with the increase in the board of directors size. According to the free cash flow indicator, the study results have showed that the agency costs increase with increase in the board of directors size.
La convivencia religiosa en una localidad indígena: el caso de Mecayapan, México
Authors: Palacios Felipe R. Vázquez 
Published: October 2020

El de estudio ofrece a los especialistas en religión la oportunidad de comprender la fragmentación del campo religioso local y su significado en términos de la dinámica social, a partir de un enfoque antropológico centrado en el municipio de Mecayapan, México.