bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The head direction circuit of two insect species
Authors: Pisokas Ioannis , Heinze Stanley , Webb Barbara 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent studies of the Central Complex in the brain of the fruit fly have identified neurons with activity that tracks the animal’s heading direction. These neurons are part of a neuronal circuit with dynamics resembling those of a ring attractor. Other insects have a homologous circuit sharing a generally similar topographic structure but with significant structural and connectivity differences. We model the connectivity patterns in two insect species to investigate the effect of the differences on the dynamics of the circuit. We illustrate that the circuit found in locusts can also operate as a ring attractor and identify differences that enable the fruit fly circuit to respond faster to heading changes while they render the locust circuit more tolerant to noise. Our findings demonstrate that subtle differences in neuronal projection patterns can have a significant effect on the circuit performance and emphasise the need for a comparative approach in neuroscience.
Gives you wings or not? Exploring the impact of viewers’ responsibility attribution and surprise on their attitude, identification and trust
Authors: Seiffert-Brockmann Jens , Ruppel Christopher , Einwiller Sabine 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of critical, journalistic documentaries on viewers. More precisely, it investigates the effects of responsibility attribution and surprise on stakeholder attitude, trust and identification.

Design/methodology/approach
In a quasi-experimental pre-post setting, 127 participants viewed a documentary about Austrian beverage and marketing company Red Bull. The film inquired into the deaths of six extreme athletes sponsored by the company. As a critical, investigative piece, the documentary was designed to give viewers the impression that Red Bull was, at least partially, responsible for the athletes’ deaths.

Findings
Results show that responsibility attribution, the feeling of being surprised and being in a state of negative affect, had a significant impact on viewers’ attitude and trust toward, and identification with Red Bull.

Originality/value
The study adds insights on surprise as a factor in viewers’ assessment of responsibility. The study is original in terms of methodology by using real-time rating to ascertain which sequences trigger changes in responsibility attribution among viewers. Furthermore, implications of the study’s findings with regard to inoculation theory are discussed.
Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) evaluation for an automated ice cream production line
Authors: Tsarouhas Panagiotis H. 
Published: November 2019

PurposeAs overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is a metric to estimate equipment effectiveness of production systems, the purpose of this paper is to identify strategic management tools and techniques based on OEE assessment of the ice cream production line.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents the collection and the analysis of data for ice cream production under real working conditions. The data cover a period of eight months. A framework process to improve the OEE of an automated production system was proposed. Six major stoppage losses, i.e. equipment failure, setup and adjustment, idling and minor stoppage, reduced speed, defects in the process, and reduced yield, were examined with the help of Pareto analysis. In addition, the actual availability (A), performance efficiency (PΕ) and quality rate (QR) measures, together with the complete OEE for each working day, week and month of the production line were shown.FindingsThe main goal of the study is to identify major stoppage losses, in order to examine and improve the overall equipment efficiency (OEE) of the ice cream production line through the application of an adequate management, i.e. TPM approach. Based on the obtained results, maintenance management strategy and production planning have been suggested to improve their maintenance procedures and the productivity as well.Originality/valueThe proposed method can be applied to each automated production system. The main benefits of this method are the improvement of productivity, quality enhancement of products, the reduction of sudden breakdowns and the cost of maintenance. Moreover, the analysis provides a useful perspective and helps managers/engineers make better decisions on the operations management of the line, and suggestions for improvement were proposed and will be implemented accordingly.
Designing a practical lab-based assessment: a case study
Authors: Amida Ademola , Chang Isaac , Yearwood David 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to present the finding of a practical lab assessment used to evaluate students’ mastery of Ohm’s law. The researchers used an approach combining different instruction types and lab formats to examine whether this combination produced a unique effect on students’ performance. This multifaceted approach provided evidence about how assessment design could affect students’ lab performance. The study also discussed various strategies that could guide instructors and curriculum designers about how to incorporate lab tasks into their curriculum to facilitate students’ mastery of subject content.

Design/methodology/approach
This study was a quantitative experiment that used a factorial repeated measures design. The design allowed the researchers to measure participants’ task scores and time across different treatment conditions, hence enabling the effects of lab format and instructional type to be observed. All participants were recruited through the convenience sampling strategy.

Findings
The results suggested that there was a statistically significant difference in the time taken to complete the task. However, no statistically significant difference was recorded in the participants’ task scores. Overall, it appeared that participants performed better in the simulation-based labs with expository instructions.

Originality/value
The current study contributes to the body of knowledge on the effect of lab format and instructional type on students’ performance in lab-based assessments. The results presented here may also help instructors to determine the most appropriate form of lab formats and instruction types to be used in an electronics course.
Geographies of Algorithmic Violence: Redlining the Smart City
Authors: Safransky Sara 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCity governments are embracing data‐driven and algorithmic planning to tackle urban problems. Data‐driven analytics have an unprecedented capacity to call urban futures into being. At the same time, they can depoliticize planning decisions. I argue that this shift calls urban studies scholars to investigate geographies of algorithmic violence—a repetitive and standardized form of violence that contributes to the racialization of space and spatialization of poverty. This article examines this broader phenomenon through the case of a proprietary market value assessment that is being used to guide development in cities across the United States. The assessment employs an algorithm that helps city officials make critical decisions about which neighborhoods to target for investment, disinvestment and public service upgrades or disconnections. I argue that the racial, infrastructural, and epistemological violence associated with this evaluation can potentially lead to a new kind of municipal redlining. The article brings insights from critical race theory into conversation with critical scholarship on algorithms by analyzing how algorithmic violence works through data‐driven planning technologies to depoliticize and leverage power while further entrenching racism and inequality.
Fitness costs of reflex bleeding in the ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis: the role of parental effects
Authors: Bayoumy Mohamed H. , Osawa Naoya , Hatt Séverin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractReflex bleeding is an important antipredator defense mechanism in Coccinellidae. We examined the costs of reflex bleeding in larval and adult stages of the ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis on offspring fitness and reproductive performance through the comparisons between bled and control larvae, reciprocal crosses of bled/control beetles, and early and late clutch phenotypes. Beetles bled during their larval stage spent a longer time in development and weighed less than controls. Egg fertility was reduced for crosses where either one or both parents had been bled during the larval or adult stage. Offspring crosses that included a parent bled during the larval stage suffered fitness costs in development and female body mass, while those bled during the adult stage suffered no transgenerational costs. Males that suffered bleeding during their larval stage accelerated progeny development of nonbled females in early clutches, suggesting a positive transgenerational effect of larval bleeding, while males that did not suffer bleeding accelerated progeny development of bled females in later clutches. As the underlying effects of bleeding on females’ offspring in the early clutches were diminished in the late ones, suggesting another transgenerational effect. The strengths of maternal and paternal effects on progeny development of parents bled at the larval stage were higher in earlier clutches. This study suggests that H. axyridis adults are less affected than larvae by the frequent use of the defensive secretions in their stressful habitats.
Determination of Chloramphenicol in Honey and Milk by HPLC Coupled with Aptamer‐Functionalized Fe3O4/Graphene Oxide Magnetic Solid‐Phase Extraction
Authors: Tu Chunyan , Guo Yinan , Dai Yuanyuan , Wei Wei , Wang Weiping , Wu Liang , Wang Aijun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn aptamer‐functionalized Fe3O4/graphene oxide was synthesized by chemical co‐precipitation method and then employed in the magnetic solid‐phase extraction for selective enrichment of chloramphenicol before HPLC. The aptamer was covalently bonded to the Fe3O4/graphene oxide complex by 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and N‐hydroxysuccinimide. Parameters affecting extraction efficiency including solution pH, extraction time and temperature, types and volume of elution solvent, and elution time were investigated in detail. Under the optimal conditions, good linearity was obtained between the peak area and analyte concentration in the range of 7.0 to 1.0 × 103 µg/L with the correlation coefficient of 0.9994. The limit of detection and quantitation were 0.24 µg/L and 0.79 µg/L, respectively. The developed method was employed to the analysis of chloramphenicol in honey and milk samples. The recoveries ranged from 80.5% to 105.0% with relative standard deviations less than 8.9%.Practical ApplicationAn aptamer‐functionalized Fe3O4/graphene oxide was synthesized and employed in magnetic solid phase extraction for the enrichment of chloramphenicol before HPLC. The presented assay was employed for the determination of chloramphenicol in honey and milk with satisfactory results.
Proteostasis failure and cellular senescence in long‐term cultured postmitotic rat neurons
Authors: Ishikawa Shoma , Ishikawa Fuyuki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCellular senescence, a stress‐induced irreversible cell cycle arrest, has been defined for mitotic cells and is implicated in aging of replicative tissues. Age‐related functional decline in the brain is often attributed to a failure of protein homeostasis (proteostasis), largely in postmitotic neurons, which accordingly is a process distinct by definition from senescence. It is nevertheless possible that proteostasis failure and cellular senescence have overlapping molecular mechanisms. Here, we identify postmitotic cellular senescence as an adaptive stress response to proteostasis failure. Primary rat hippocampal neurons in long‐term cultures show molecular changes indicative of both senescence (senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase, p16, and loss of lamin B1) and proteostasis failure relevant to Alzheimer's disease. In addition, we demonstrate that the senescent neurons exhibit resistance to stress. Importantly, treatment of the cultures with an mTOR antagonist, protein synthesis inhibitor, or chemical compound that reduces the amount of protein aggregates relieved the proteotoxic stresses as well as the appearance of senescence markers. Our data propose mechanistic insights into the pathophysiological brain aging by establishing senescence as a primary cell‐autonomous neuroprotective response.
S3 Guidelines: Epicutaneous patch testing with contact allergens and drugs – Short version, Part 2
Authors: Mahler Vera , Nast Alexander , Bauer Andrea , Becker Detlef , Brasch Jochen , Breuer Kristine , Dickel Heinrich , Drexler Hans , Elsner Peter , Geier Johannes , John Swen Malte , Kreft Burkhard , Köllner Arno , Merk Hans , Ott Hagen , Pleschka Silvia , Portisch Maria , Spornraft‐Ragaller Petra , Weisshaar Elke , Werfel Thomas , Worm Margitta , Schnuch Axel , Uter Wolfgang 
Published: November 2019

SummaryEpicutaneous patch testing is the diagnostic standard for the detection of allergic contact dermatitis. The present guidelines are aimed at residents and board‐certified physicians in the fields of dermatology and allergology as well as other medical specialties involved in establishing the indication for patch testing and its execution in patients with contact dermatitis and other forms of delayed‐type hypersensitivity. The target audience also includes other health care providers and insurance funds.Based on a systematic literature search and a formal consensus process (S3), the guidelines were developed by dermatologists in collaboration with pediatricians, occupational medicine physicians, nursing staff as well as patient representatives. The systematic methodological approach and appraisal of evidence upon which the recommendations are based are outlined in a separate method report that also contains evidence tables.The guidelines address general aspects of patch testing as well as medicolegal issues. The recommendations given relate to topics such as the indication for patch testing, informed patient consent, as well as the choice of test substances, test chambers and test site, duration of exposure, reading times and interpretation of test reactions. Furthermore, recommendations are provided with respect to endogenous and exogenous factors, specific patient groups (children, pregnant women, immunosuppressed individuals) as well as possible risks and adverse events associated with patch testing using contact allergens.
Just banter? Friendship, teasing and experimental aggression in adolescent peer networks
Authors: Burnett Heyes Stephanie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAggressive behaviour serves many useful social functions, yet can also have damaging consequences. In line with evidence showing adolescent development in social cognitive abilities, we hypothesized that the use of aggression would become more sophisticated with age. We investigated adolescent aggression towards peers using an experimental, hypothetical aggression paradigm, the hot sauce paradigm, in a school‐based social network setting. Participants (N = 162 aged 11–17, 98 male) indicated which strength of imaginary hot sauce they would allocate to each of their classmates. A Social Network Questionnaire quantified participants’ perceived dyadic social tie strength with each classmate, and the incidence of mutual or unilateral dyadic real‐world aggression (e.g. teasing). Participants allocated weaker hot sauce to peers with whom they reported strong, positive social ties and an absence of self‐reported unilateral real‐world aggression. With increasing cross‐sectional age, there was a decrease in the impact of social tie strength and an increase in the extent to which hot sauce allocation was predicted by self‐reported mutual real‐world aggression. This pattern of findings is consistent with young (vs. late) adolescent use of experimental, hypothetical Hot Sauce aggression to reflect real‐world animosity, while late adolescents’ behaviour is more subtle. These findings extend our understanding of the dyadic social context of adolescent aggressive behaviour using a novel experimental aggression paradigm.
Preferential attention to same‐and other‐ethnicity infant faces does not fully overcome the other‐race effect
Authors: Martinez Sarah , Hahn Amanda , Leytze Mckaila , Lucier Kathleen , Amir‐Brownstein Bette , Jantzen Kelly J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGiven the attentional and motivational saliency of infant faces, triggered by a set of perceptual baby schema features, other‐ethnicity infant faces may overcome the processing differences associated with the other‐race effect (ORE). Using an attentional bias paradigm, we found that while there was a same‐ethnicity attentional bias for adult faces, there was no difference in attention to same‐ and other‐ethnicity infant faces, suggesting that other‐ethnicity infant faces are equally salient and not subject to the same bias as other‐ethnicity adult faces. To directly measure the ORE, we used a recognition memory test to measure differences between same‐ and other‐ethnicity infant and adult faces. Regardless of age, same‐ethnicity faces were better remembered than other‐ethnicity faces. Further, regardless of ethnicity, adult faces were better remembered than infant faces, a finding consistent with an Other Age Effect. Taken together, these experiments suggest that the saliency of baby schema does not fully overcome the social or perceptual factors leading to the ORE.
All‐trans retinoic acid improves pancreatic cell proliferation on induced type 1 diabetic rats
Authors: Ramírez‐Moreno Agustina , Quintanar Escorza Martha Angélica , García Garza Rubén , Hady Keita , Meléndez Valenzuela Adrian , Marszalek Jolanta E. , Sharara‐Núñez Ibrahim , Delgadillo‐Guzmán Dealmy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAll‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been extensively studied as an integrating component of endocrine functions in the pancreas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ATRA on physiopathological biomarkers in an experimental model of rat with type 1 diabetes induced by alloxan (T1D). Twenty Wistar rats were divided equally into five groups, each receiving a different treatment: a control group (CG), a diabetic group without T1D treatment, a diabetic group treated with ATRA, a diabetic group supplemented with vitamin E (VIT E), and a group that was given olive oil (V). The administration of ATRA for 17 days produced a significant reduction in weight and glucose levels, compared to the T1D and VIT E groups. The evaluation of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipoperoxidation showed no relevant difference among the groups. The results of the histological analysis showed similarities both in the size and in the number of islets of Langerhans in the pancreatic tissue obtained from the ATRA group and the CG. ATRA displayed a significant reduction of glycemic values in diabetic rats. Ultrastructurally, ß‐cells, acinar, and ductal cells restored their normal appearance. ATRA can contribute to the recovery of pancreatic damage due to alloxan induction. It seems that the antioxidant effect of ATRA is not responsible for the differences observed.
Preparation of YSZ porous ceramics with precise porosity control
Authors: Lang Ying , Tian Chuan‐Jin , Dai Xin , Wang Chang‐An 
Published: November 2019

AbstractConventional preparation of porous ceramics often hard to accurately control the porosity of the samples. In this paper, by improving the foaming method, the foaming process is placed in the limited space of the ball mill tank, and YSZ porous ceramics with different porosity are obtained by changing the amount of slurry. Initial results showed that the porosity of the sample varies linearly with the increasing of addition of slurry. From the microscopic morphology, it can be seen that the increase in slurry content will reduce the number of pore with little changed size, which lead to the decrease in porosity. Therefore, with simple calculation YSZ porous ceramics with 85%, 80%, 75%, 70%, and 65% porosity can be obtained using the method of foaming in limited space by ball milling.
Ethical challenges of novice nurses in clinical practice: Iranian perspective
Authors: Naseri‐Salahshour V. , Sajadi M. 
Published: November 2019

AimThe aim of this study was to identify the ethical challenges of novice nurses in the first year of clinical practice.BackgroundNovice nurses experience a lot of ethical complications in the clinical workplace, especially in the first year of clinical practice. These ethical challenges are scarcely studied.MethodsCurrent research was a descriptive qualitative study conducted on twelve novice nurses in educational hospitals affiliated to Arak University of Medical Sciences (from August to December 2018)in Iran. Data were collected through semi‐structured in‐depth interviews, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsA total of 12 nurses participated, the majority of whom were female (8; 66.6%), and their average age was 23.6 years. Findings of this study revealed four main themes: patient: the forgotten part, exposure to inequalities, inattention to professional ethics and facing a state of quandary. Several sub‐themes also appeared in this study.ConclusionThese findings can reveal a clear picture of the ethical challenges of novice nurses in Iran. They can be used as a guidance for managers, authorities and nursing stakeholders in order to protect and support these nurses. Further research on each concept is suggested.Implications for nursing and health policyThese findings can be used to inform nursing education, research, management and clinical practice. Meanwhile, the results of this study may be used to formulate a strategy for training nursing managers in order to protect and support the next generation of nurses.
Band gap narrowing and magnetic properties of transition‐metal‐doped Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 lead‐free ceramics
Authors: Zhang Yuemin , Deng Hongmei , Si Shufang , Wang Tiantian , Zheng Dongliang , Yang Pingxiong , Chu Junhao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTransition metal (TM = Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni)‐doped Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3 (BCZT) lead‐free ceramics with excellent optical and magnetic properties are synthesized via a solid‐state reaction method. The effects of TM elements on the sintering, structure, optical, and magnetic properties of BCZT ceramics are investigated in detail. Structural phase transition from the coexistence of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases to a single rhombohedral phase is observed owing to grain refinement. A narrow band gap of 1.68 eV is achieved in the Co‐doped BCZT. The optical absorption of TM‐doped BCZT is enhanced, which is ascribed to the molecular orbital rearrangement caused by lattice distortion. Moreover the magnetic behaviors of TM‐doped BCZT are observed. The Fe‐doped BCZT presents the most evident ferromagnetism, resulting from the exchange coupling interaction between the Fe3+ ions and oxygen vacancies. These results provide additional insight into the use of TM‐doped BCZT lead‐free ferroelectric ceramics for various applications.