bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GAMBARAN KARIES DENGAN KEBIASAAN MINUM SUSU BOTOL PADA ANAK BALITA
Authors: Nugroho Cahyo 
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Gambaran Karies Dengan Kebiasaan Minum Susu Botol Pada Anak Balita di Paud Raudhatus Salam Desa Kaliwulu Kecamatan Plered Kabupaten Cirebon. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Populasi nya seluruh murid di Paud Raudhatus Salam Desa Kaliwulu Kecamatan Plered Kabupaten Cirebon. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan kriteria total sampling yaitu sampel yang diambil adalah seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel yaitu sebanyak 38 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan cara pengumpulan data dengan teknik wawancara dengan paduan daftar pertanyaan (Kuisioner) dan teknik observasi yaitu melakukan pemeriksaan secara langsung pada populasi yang dimaksud, sehingga data yang terkumpul terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Penelitian ini diolah dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan distribusi frekuensi minum susu botol terhadap indeks def-t. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rata-rata indeks def-t dari 38 anak Paud Raudhatus Salam adalah 3,68, yang berdasarkan kriteria menurut WHO adalah berada pada kategori status karies sedang yaitu 2,7-4,4. Hasil ini menunjukan ada kesenjangan dan gambaran pengalaman karies terhadap minum susu botol di Paud Raudhatus Salam Desa Kaliwulu Kecamatan Plered Kabupaten Cirebon adalah masih kategori sedang
HUBUNGAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT DENGAN INDEKS PRESTASI BELAJAR ANAK
Authors: Kusmana Aan , Restuningsih Sekar 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut dengan Indeks Prestasi Belajar Anak Kelas V SDN Kiarajangkung II Kecamatan Sukahening Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional, populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa siswi SDN Kiarajangkung II Kelas Kecamatan Sukahening Kabupaten Tasikmalaya yang berjumlah 35 orang, semua poulasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. Teknik pengolahan data dengan cara dengan membuat tabel distribusi frekwensi untuk data DMF-T dan nilai prestasi belajar. Hasil penelitian yang dilaksanakan di SDN Kiarajangkung II kelas V Kecamatan Sukahening Kabupaten Tasikmalaya yaitu ada hubungan antara indeks DMF-T dengan prestasi belajar siswa SDN Kiarajangkung II kelas V Kecamatan Sukahening Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Hal ini mempunyai arti bahwa tinggi rendahnya indeks DMF-T mempengaruhi prestasi belajar.
Analisis Prediksi Harga Saham Sinar Mas Group (Studi Peristiwa: Tuntutan Hak Waris)
Authors: Pratama Versiandika Yudha , Rusyida Wilda Yulia 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prediksi harga saham harian Sinar Mas Group di tengah isu tuntutan hak waris menggunakan metode ARIMA dan SARIMA. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder berupa data historis harga saham harian sejak 1 Januari 2019 sampai 24 Juli 2020. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prediksi saham BSIM yang diperoleh dengan SARIMA (1,0,1)(0,1,1) menunjukkan, trend harga saham yang turun tetapi penurunannya tidak terlalu besar. Saham INKP yang diperoleh dengan ARIMA (2,1,3); MCOR dengan SARIMA (1,0,0)(0,1,1); SMAR dengan ARIMA (0,1,3); dan TKIM dengan SARIMA (1,0,1)(1,1,1) menunjukkan trend harga saham mengalami penurunan. Sementara itu, prediksi saham SMMA yang diperoleh dengan ARIMA (3,1,2) menunjukkan adanya trend kenaikan harga saham. Secara teknikalnya untuk memanfaaatkan momentum jangka pendek, buy on weakness untuk SMMA yang trennya menaik, sedangkan untuk saham BSIM, INKP, MCOR, SMAR dan TKIM yang trennya menurun dapat mengambil langkah untuk menjualnya.
Robust valence-induced biases on motor response and confidence in human reinforcement learning
Authors: Ting Chih-Chung , Palminteri Stefano , Engelmann Jan B. , Lebreton Maël 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn simple instrumental-learning tasks, humans learn to seek gains and to avoid losses equally well. Yet, two effects of valence are observed. First, decisions in loss-contexts are slower. Second, loss contexts decrease individuals’ confidence in their choices. Whether these two effects are two manifestations of a single mechanism or whether they can be partially dissociated is unknown. Across six experiments, we attempted to disrupt the valence-induced motor bias effects by manipulating the mapping between decisions and actions and imposing constraints on response times (RTs). Our goal was to assess the presence of the valence-induced confidence bias in the absence of the RT bias. We observed both motor and confidence biases despite our disruption attempts, establishing that the effects of valence on motor and metacognitive responses are very robust and replicable. Nonetheless, within- and between-individual inferences reveal that the confidence bias resists the disruption of the RT bias. Therefore, although concomitant in most cases, valence-induced motor and confidence biases seem to be partly dissociable. These results highlight new important mechanistic constraints that should be incorporated in learning models to jointly explain choice, reaction times and confidence.
Testing ΛCDM with Dwarf Galaxy Morphology
Authors: Xu Weishuang Linda , Randall Lisa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The leading tensions to the collisionless cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm are the “small-scale controversies,” discrepancies between observations at the dwarf-galactic scale, and their simulational counterparts. In this work we consider methods to infer 3D morphological information on Local Group dwarf spheroidals and test the fitness of CDM+hydrodynamics simulations to the observed galaxy shapes. We find that the subpopulation of dwarf galaxies with mass-to-light ratio

reflects an oblate morphology. This is discrepant with the dwarf galaxies with mass-to-light ratios

, which reflect prolate morphologies, as well as simulations of CDM-sourced bright isolated galaxies that are explicitly prolate. Although more simulations and data are called for if evidence of oblate pressure-supported stellar distributions persists in observed galaxies while being absent from simulations, we argue that an underlying oblate non-CDM dark matter halo may be required and present this as motivation for future studies.
Far-infrared Photometric Redshifts: A New Approach to a Highly Uncertain Enterprise
Authors: Casey Caitlin M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a new approach to deriving far-infrared (FIR) photometric redshifts for galaxies based on their reprocessed emission from dust at rest-frame FIR through millimeter wavelengths. FIR photometric redshifts (“FIR-z”) have been used over the past decade to derive redshift constraints for highly obscured galaxies that lack photometry at other wavelengths like the optical/near-IR. Most literature FIR-z fits are performed through

minimization to a single galaxy’s FIR template spectral energy distribution (SED). The use of a single galaxy template, or modest set of templates, can lead to an artificially low uncertainty estimate on FIR-z's because real galaxies display a wide range in intrinsic dust SEDs. I use the observed distribution of galaxy SEDs (for well-constrained samples across

) to motivate a new FIR through millimeter photometric redshift technique called MMpz. The MMpz algorithm asserts that galaxies are most likely drawn from the empirically observed relationship between rest-frame peak wavelength,

, and total IR luminosity, L

; the derived photometric redshift accounts for the measurement uncertainties and intrinsic variation in SEDs at the inferred L

, as well as heating from the cosmic microwave background at

. The MMpz algorithm has a precision of

, similar to single-template fits, while providing a more accurate estimate of the FIR-z uncertainty with reduced chi-squared of order

, compared to alternative FIR photometric redshift techniques (with

).
A Machine Learning Model to Infer Planet Masses from Gaps Observed in Protoplanetary Disks
Authors: Auddy Sayantan , Lin Min-Kai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Observations of bright protoplanetary disks often show annular gaps in their dust emission. One interpretation of these gaps is disk–planet interaction. If so, fitting models of planetary gaps to observed protoplanetary disk gaps can reveal the presence of hidden planets. However, future surveys are expected to produce an ever-increasing number of protoplanetary disks with gaps. In this case, performing a customized fitting for each target becomes impractical owing to the complexity of disk–planet interaction. To this end, we introduce Disk Planet Neural Network (DPNNet), an efficient model of planetary gaps by exploiting the power of machine learning. We train a deep neural network with a large number of dusty disk–planet hydrodynamic simulations across a range of planet masses, disk temperatures, disk viscosities, disk surface density profiles, particle Stokes numbers, and dust abundances. The network can then be deployed to extract the planet mass for a given gap morphology. In this work, first in a series, we focus on the basic concepts of our machine learning framework. We demonstrate its utility by applying it to the dust gaps observed in the protoplanetary disk around HL Tau at 10, 30, and 80 au. Our network predicts planet masses of 80 M
⊕, 63 M
⊕, and 70 M
⊕, respectively, which are comparable to those from other studies based on specialized simulations. We discuss the key advantages of our DPNNet in its flexibility to incorporate new physics as well as any number of parameters and predictions, in addition to its potential to ultimately replace hydrodynamical simulations for disk observers and modelers.
First Results from SMAUG: Characterization of Multiphase Galactic Outflows from a Suite of Local Star-forming Galactic Disk Simulations
Authors: Kim Chang-Goo , Ostriker Eve C. , Somerville Rachel S. , Bryan Greg L. , Fielding Drummond B. , Forbes John C. , Hayward Christopher C. , Hernquist Lars , Pandya Viraj 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Large-scale outflows in star-forming galaxies are observed to be ubiquitous and are a key aspect of theoretical modeling of galactic evolution, the focus of the Simulating Multiscale Astrophysics to Understand Galaxies (SMAUG) project. Gas blown out from galactic disks, similar to gas within galaxies, consists of multiple phases with large contrasts of density, temperature, and other properties. To study multiphase outflows as emergent phenomena, we run a suite of rougly parsec-resolution local galactic disk simulations using the TIGRESS framework. Explicit modeling of the interstellar medium (ISM), including star formation and self-consistent radiative heating plus supernova feedback, regulates ISM properties and drives the outflow. We investigate the scaling of outflow mass, momentum, energy, and metal loading factors with galactic disk properties, including star formation rate (SFR) surface density (ΣSFR ∼ 10−4 − 1 M
⊙ kpc−2 yr−1), gas surface density (

), and total midplane pressure (or weight;

). The main components of outflowing gas are mass-delivering cool gas (T ∼ 104 K) and energy/metal-delivering hot gas (T ≳ 106 K). Cool mass outflow rates measured at outflow launch points (one or two scale heights

) are 1–100 times the SFR (decreasing with ΣSFR), although in massive galaxies most mass falls back owing to insufficient outflow velocity. The hot galactic outflow carries mass comparable to 10% of the SFR, together with 10%–20% of the energy and 30%–60% of the metal mass injected by SN feedback. Importantly, our analysis demonstrates that in any physically motivated cosmological wind model it is crucial to include at least two distinct thermal wind components.
Detection of Interstellar HC4NC and an Investigation of Isocyanopolyyne Chemistry under TMC-1 Conditions
Authors: Xue Ci , Willis Eric R. , Loomis Ryan A. , Kelvin Lee Kin Long , Burkhardt Andrew M. , Shingledecker Christopher N. , Charnley Steven B. , Cordiner Martin A. , Kalenskii Sergei , McCarthy Michael C. , Herbst Eric , Remijan Anthony J. , McGuire Brett A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report an astronomical detection of HC4NC for the first time in the interstellar medium with the Green Bank Telescope toward the TMC-1 molecular cloud with a minimum significance of 10.5σ. The total column density and excitation temperature of HC4NC are determined to be

cm−2 and

, respectively, using Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis. In addition to HC4NC, HCCNC is distinctly detected whereas no clear detection of HC6NC is made. We propose that the dissociative recombination of the protonated cyanopolyyne, HC5NH+, and the protonated isocyanopolyyne, HC4NCH+, are the main formation mechanisms for HC4NC while its destruction is dominated by reactions with simple ions and atomic carbon. With the proposed chemical networks, the observed abundances of HC4NC and HCCNC are reproduced satisfactorily.
Early Science from GOTHAM: Project Overview, Methods, and the Detection of Interstellar Propargyl Cyanide (HCCCH2CN) in TMC-1
Authors: McGuire Brett A. , Burkhardt Andrew M. , Loomis Ryan A. , Shingledecker Christopher N. , Kelvin Lee Kin Long , Charnley Steven B. , Cordiner Martin A. , Herbst Eric , Kalenskii Sergei , Momjian Emmanuel , Willis Eric R. , Xue Ci , Remijan Anthony J. , McCarthy Michael C. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present an overview of the GBT Observations of TMC-1: Hunting Aromatic Molecules Large Program on the Green Bank Telescope. This and a related program were launched to explore the depth and breadth of aromatic chemistry in the interstellar medium at the earliest stages of star formation, following our earlier detection of benzonitrile (c-C6H5CN) in TMC-1. In this work, details of the observations, use of archival data, and data reduction strategies are provided. Using these observations, the interstellar detection of propargyl cyanide (HCCCH2CN) is described, as well as the accompanying laboratory spectroscopy. We discuss these results, and the survey project as a whole, in the context of investigating a previously unexplored reservoir of complex, gas-phase molecules in pre-stellar sources. A series of companion papers describe other new astronomical detections and analyses.
Short Gamma-Ray Bursts and the Decompression of Neutron Star Matter in Tidal Streams
Authors: Nixon C. J. , Coughlin Eric R. , Pringle J. E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) are generally thought to result from the merger of two neutron stars or the merger of a neutron star with a black hole. It is becoming standard practice to model these mergers with hydrodynamical simulations that employ equations of state that are derived, for example, for determining the behavior of matter in core-collapse supernovae, and which therefore make use of the assumption that the matter is hot and in nuclear statistical equilibrium (NSE). In this Letter we draw attention to the fact that the hydrodynamical timescale (roughly the gravitational timescale of the neutron star) may be several orders of magnitude shorter than the timescale on which such equilibrium can be reestablished in the tidal debris ejected during an sGRB, and that on the initial decompression timescales the unshocked tidal ejecta may remain sufficiently cool that the employed equations of state are not appropriate for modeling the dynamics of this part of the flow. On timescales short compared with the timescale on which NSE can be (re)established, the equation of state can remain relatively stiff and thus the stream of tidal debris can remain narrow and vulnerable to gravitational instability, as has recently been suggested. These findings suggest that estimates of the type and abundances of heavy elements formed in short gamma-ray bursts need to be revisited. We suggest that the most direct method of testing the physical and dynamical properties of tidal ejecta in sGRBs will come from modeling of their lightcurves, which provides the cleanest source of information on the system dynamics.
A produção científica de grupos de pesquisas da área de ensino de ciências à luz da alfabetização científica
Authors: Pereira Juliana Carvalho , Teixeira Maria do Rocio Fontoura 
Published: September 2020

A reflexão sobre possíveis articulações da pós-graduação com a Educação Básica é relevante para o Ensino e perpassa a formação e a educação. A produção acadêmica no Brasil percorre os programas de pós-graduação e renomados grupos de pesquisadores cadastrados no Diretório do Grupo de Pesquisas (DGP) da Plataforma Lattes do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico (CNPq). Este artigo trata da produção científica de sete grupos de pesquisas, cujo nome em sua linha de pesquisa incluíssem a Alfabetização Científica (AC) e o Ensino de Ciências (EdC) e seus líderes orientassem dissertações e teses nos Programas de Pós-Graduação (PPG) do EdC. É um estudo de características exploratórias e descritivas do tipo cientométrico ao realizar a identificação dos indicadores como a caracterização, a seleção e a análises da produção científica. Evidenciou –se na pesquisa quais são as fontes utilizadas para gerar esse conhecimento, autores mais citados, pesquisadores e redes de pesquisadores que se formam no cenário nacional. Foi possível ainda perceber a necessidade de maiores discussões no campo conceitual e prático, que envolvem a Alfabetização Científica para possibilitar um maior debate no Ensino de Ciências, voltado à promoção de uma educação científica de qualidade.
Contribuições da fotografia científica observatória (FoCO) para o ensino por investigação
Authors: Cleophas Maria das Graças , Cunha Marcia Borin da 
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo propõe um Modelo Aplicacional de Ensino por Investigação (MAEI) em aulas de ciências, em especial, de Química, usando a Fotografia Científica Observatória (FoCO) como ferramenta de apoio para as atividades investigativas. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo consistiu em compreender os possíveis efeitos do modelo proposto diante da aprendizagem dos alunos. O modelo foi apresentado a 24 alunos em formação inicial. E, logo após a conclusão da atividade investigativa, foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado. O conjunto de dados coletados foi analisado com apoio do software NVivo11. Os resultados nos demonstraram que a atividade contribuiu para que os alunos ampliassem formas de ler o mundo cientificamente, que o modelo demonstrou potencial para a promoção de aprendizagem ativa, e que a FoCO facilitou o processo de compreensão cognitiva sobre o problema investigado nesta pesquisa, entre outros resultados.
Inovação, tecnologia e engajamento social na busca de soluções para o enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19 na cidade de Curitiba-PR
Authors: Gonçalves de Oliveira Shana , Las Schaab Luana , Labiak Jr Silvestre 
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo divulgar uma ação relativa ao enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19 em Curitiba-PR, vinculando o uso da tecnologia ao engajamento da população. O FabLab Cajuru através da utilização de impressoras 3D apresentou uma solução inovadora frente à pandemia com a confecção de máscaras-escudo, que posteriormente foram doadas aos profissionais. A ação contou com uma rede colaborativa de diversos atores de secretarias municipais, empresas privadas e voluntários da própria comunidade. A metodologia nesta pesquisa é qualitativa, um estudo de caso, pautando-se em dados bibliográficos, documentais e em entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados demonstram que a ação foi positiva, fomentando a articulação entre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade. Quanto à inovação, o fato relevante deu-se pela efetivação e engajamento dos diferentes atores do ecossistema, apontando que de certa forma o FabLab do Cajuru pode ser considerado como um mecanismo de inovação urbana.
Vie de Jésus et essence du christianisme dans la philosophie de Michel Onfray
Authors: Boudaroua Joël 
Published: September 2020

Comme la plupart des philosophes qui l’ont précédé, Michel Onfray n’a pas évité la question de Jésus : Pour vous qui suis-je ? Sa réponse marque une rupture dans le consensus établit autour du Christ Summus philosophus . Au carrefour de l’autobiographie et de l’historiographie libérale, elle réveille la vieille thèse mythiste qui voit dans la vie de Jésus la biographie d’une fiction. Dès lors, si Jésus n’a pas d’existence historique réelle, la philosophie de la religion qui s’ensuit ne peut produire qu’un nihilisme de la chair. Cette dénonciation onfrayenne de l’essence du christianisme pose les bases d’une nouvelle épistémè , une ontologie matérialiste, une érotique débarrassée de la morale commune, une existence jubilatoire au risque d’une liberté sans limite. Le parcours suivi dans cet article montre cependant que le Christ, entre l’attirance et le rejet qu’il suscite, reste la pierre de touche des attitudes philosophiques face à la foi.
Sous le signe du néant : note sur la métaphysique de Michel Onfray
Authors: de Monvallier Henri 
Published: September 2020

La philosophie hédoniste de Michel Onfray est en son fond une philosophie tragique dont l’horizon métaphysique ultime est le néant. Ce thème et ses multiples résonances dans l’œuvre d’Onfray sera étudié ici à trois niveaux : le néant individuel de la mort, le néant des civilisations disparues et enfin l’horizon cosmique du néant. Un jour tout disparaîtra, y compris la pensée humaine que tout disparaîtra. De même que notre vie est une parenthèse entre deux néants, de même notre civilisation et de même l’espèce humaine et l’univers dans son ensemble. Être philosophe, c’est pour Onfray savoir regarder cette vérité en face.
Intubation Setting, Aspiration, and Ventilator-Associated Conditions
Authors: Talbert Steven , Detrick Christine Wargo , Emery Kimberly , Middleton Aurea , Abomoelak Bassam , Deb Chirajyoti , Mehta Devendra I. , Sole Mary Lou 
Published: September 2020

Background
Patients experience endotracheal intubation in various settings with wide-ranging risks for postintubation complications such as aspiration and ventilator-associated conditions.

Objectives
To evaluate associations between intubation setting, presence of aspiration biomarkers, and clinical outcomes.

Methods
This study is a subanalysis of data from the NO-ASPIRATE single-blinded randomized clinical trial. Data were prospectively collected for 513 adult patients intubated within 24 hours of enrollment. Patients with documented aspiration events at intubation were excluded. In the NO-ASPIRATE trial, intervention patients received enhanced oropharyngeal suctioning every 4 hours and control patients received sham suctioning. Tracheal specimens for α-amylase and pepsin tests were collected upon enrollment. Primary outcomes were ventilator hours, lengths of stay, and rates of ventilator-associated conditions.

Results
Of the baseline tracheal specimens, 76.4% were positive for α-amylase and 33.1% were positive for pepsin. Proportions of positive tracheal α-amylase and pepsin tests did not differ significantly between intubation locations (study hospital, transfer from other hospital, or field intubation). No differences were found for ventilator hours or lengths of stay. Patients intubated at another hospital and transferred had significantly higher ventilator-associated condition rates than did those intubated at the study hospital (P = .02). Ventilator-associated condition rates did not differ significantly between patients intubated in the field and patients in other groups.

Conclusions
Higher ventilator-associated condition rates associated with interhospital transfer may be related to movement from bed, vehicle loading and unloading, and transport vehicle vibrations. Airway assessment and care may also be suboptimal in the transport environment.