bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supports for migrant farmworkers: tensions in (in)access and (in)action
Authors: Caxaj Susana , Cohen Amy , Marsden Sarah 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine the role of support actors in promoting or hindering access to public services/spaces for migrant agricultural workers (MAWs) and to determine the factors that influence adequate support for this population.Design/methodology/approachUsing a situational analysis methodology, the authors carried out focus groups and interviews with 40 support actors complimented by a community scan (n = 28) with public-facing support persons and a community consultation with migrant farmworkers (MFWs) (n = 235).FindingsTwo major themes were revealed: (In)access and (In)action and Blurred Lines in Service Provision. The first illustrated how support actors could both reinforce or challenge barriers for this population through tensions of “Coping or Pushing Back on Constraints” and “Need to find them first!” Justification or Preparation? Blurred lines in Service Provision encompassed organizational/staff’s behaviors and contradictions that could hinder meaningful support for MFWs revealing two key tensions: “Protection or performance?” and “Contradicting or reconciling priorities? Our findings revealed a support system for MAWs still in its infancy, contending with difficult political and economic conditions.Social implicationsService providers can use research findings to improve supports for MAWs. For example, addressing conflicts of interests in clinical encounters and identification of farms to inform adequate outreach strategies can contribute to more effective support for MAWs.Originality/valueThis research is novel in its examination of multiple sectors as well as its inclusion of both formal and informal actors involved in supporting MAWs. Our findings have the potential to inform more comprehensive readings of the health and social care resources available to MAWs.
Data-driven business model development – insights from the facility management industry
Authors: Marcinkowski Bartosz , Gawin Bartlomiej 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
One of the leading factors that shape product and service delivery are data collected in databases and other repositories maintained by companies. The transformation of such data into knowledge and wisdom may constitute a new source of income. This paper aims to explore how small/medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) advance their business models (BMs) around data to handle data-driven products and how this contributes to their innovativeness and performance.

Design/methodology/approach
To investigate the phenomenon, the as-is BM of a multinational SME was mapped and its limitations were revealed through a qualitative study. The BM canvas was used. Then the data-driven approach was innovated within the facility management (FM) industry, where a high volume of operational and sensor-based data being collected creates added value in terms of new data-based products.

Findings
A data-driven business model (DDBM) blueprint for the FM industry that supports the need to complement service-driven operations with the data-driven approach is delivered. Enhanced BM equips a facility manager with additional managerial tools that enable decreasing property utilization costs and opens up new opportunities for generating revenue. This paper drafts the way to evolve from service to data-driven business and point out the attitudes that managers should adopt to promote and implement DDBM.

Practical implications
The DDBM constitutes a guideline that supports FM organizations in focusing their activities and resources on generating business value from data and monetizing data-driven products.

Originality/value
The research expands knowledge regarding BMs and their evolution. The gap regarding the DDBM innovation within the FM industry is filled.
Effects of a diet containing different sources of omega-3 fatty acids on kidney-related biomarkers in overweight and obese individuals: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fatahi Somaye , Haghighatdoost Fahime , Larijani Bagher , Surkan Pamela J. , Azadbakht Leila 
Published: November 2020

PurposeRecent research has suggested the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids on kidney function; however, differences in these benefits have not been well-documented with respect to different omega-3 fatty acid sources. Hence, the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of plants, marine sources of omega-3 fatty acids and their combination on biomarkers of renal function in overweight and obese individuals.Design/methodology/approachNinety-nine overweight and obese women from a weight loss clinic received three weight-reducing diets with fish (300 g/week), walnuts (18 walnuts/week) or fish + walnuts (150 g fish + 9 walnuts/week) for 12 weeks. Serum biomarkers of renal function were measured at the beginning and the end of the intervention.FindingsAfter 12 weeks, a reduction in serum creatinine was statistically higher for both the fish + walnut (−0.16 ± 0.09 mg/dL,p= 0.001) and walnut (−0.15 ± 0.05 mg/dL,p= 0.001) diets compared with the fish diet (−0.05 ± 0.04 mg/dL). A significant decrease was seen in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level in the fish + walnut group (−0.12 ± 0.05 mg/dL,p= 0.03) and walnut group (−0.10 ± 0.04 mg/dL,p= 0.03) compared to the fish group (−0.05 ± 0.03 mg/dL). The effect of serum creatinine and BUN in the fish + walnut diet group was relatively higher than in the walnut diet group. Also, a significant difference was observed regarding weight loss in the fish + walnut diet (−7.2 ± 0.9 kg,p= 0.03) compared to in the other groups. The change in other indices was not different among the three diets.Originality/valueThis study found synergistic benefits of the plant and marine omega-3 fatty acids in reducing serum creatinine, BUN and weight compared with isolated marine omega-3s in overweight and obese women.
A Reply to ‘Labour and Antisemitism: A Crisis Misunderstood’
Authors: Kuper Richard 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn their 2020 Political Quarterly article ‘Labour and antisemitism: a crisis misunderstood’, Gidley, McGeever and Feldman argue that the Labour Party’s responses to its antisemitism crisis have been misguided because its understanding of antisemitism is wrong. We must look less at cases of individual antisemites and more at the ‘reservoir of stereotypes and narratives’, in which the long (but unacknowledged) history of left antisemitism has deposited its ideas—and from which they can be easily retrieved.This response challenges the reservoir concept as ahistorical, and culturally adrift, lacking the components necessary for cultural understanding—of being rooted, contextualised, complex and contradictory, evolving and regressing, but always home to inconsistent, yet coexisting, ideas and prejudices. The authors simply ignore the political dynamics of this crisis which have allowed antisemitism to be weaponised and made it all but impossible to have a calm, serious, rigorous reflection and public debate about antisemitism, and about Israel/Palestine. Such a debate is long overdue.
From Sentimentality to Science: Social Utility, Feminist Eugenics and The End of The Road in Progressive Era America
Authors: Mathiason Jessica Lee 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTGiven the sensational appeal of Katherine Davis's The End of the Road, leading to its unofficial designation in The Exhibitor's Herald as ‘the most talked about Picture in America’ in 1919, it is surprising the film has not received greater critical attention for its peculiarly feminist eugenic vision. Reading The End of the Road alongside other US government hygiene films and contemporaneous journal articles and medical texts, I reveal a different vision of Progressive Era eugenics than that found in the well‐known work of Shelley Stamp, Martin Pernick and Stacie Colwell. Drawing a distinction between what the progressives themselves termed ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ eugenics, I explore hygiene cinema's unexpected intersection with first‐wave feminism, progressive economics and welfare reform. In so doing, I reveal a window into a nearly‐forgotten feminist counter‐culture that briefly attained governmental support due to the overlap in membership between the American Social Hygiene Association and the US War Department. At the centre of this vision is The End of the Road’s eugenic heroine, Mary, who is neither a wife nor a mother but a college‐educated working woman who promotes the ‘development of oneself for the service of mankind’.
Criminal thinking, certainty of apprehension, and the decision to engage in antisocial behavior: A study of day treatment program clients
Authors: Walters Glenn D. , Ponce Rolando , Piñero Miguel A. , Ernest Kimberly D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine whether criminal thinking moderates the relationship between certainty of apprehension (50%, 10%, 1%) and likelihood of engaging in three antisocial hypothetical acts (cheating on a test, property damage, and driving drunk). Proactive criminal thinking (PCT), a manifestation of the planned, calculated, amoral, and instrumental features of antisocial cognition, and reactive criminal thinking (RCT), a reflection of the impulsive, irresponsible, reckless, and emotional aspects of antisocial cognition, served as between‐subjects variables in this study. A repeated measures analysis of covariance performed on 67 (43 males, 24 females) day treatment program clients revealed that the likelihood of engaging in antisocial behavior was disproportionately elevated when participants were high in PCT and low in certainty. These results indicate that as the certainty of apprehension goes down, persons with elevated levels of proactive criminal thinking are disproportionately inclined to engage in antisocial and criminal behavior.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of asthma emergency department presentations in diverse geographical and climatic regions, Queensland, Australia
Authors: Simunovic Marko , Boyle Justin , Baker Philip , Erbas Bircan , Davies Janet M 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveSudden acute episodes of asthma exacerbation are often treated by hospital EDs. It is hypothesised that determinants of acute asthma would differ across geographic regions. The objective of the present study was to detail seasonality, trends and spatiotemporal patterns of asthma ED presentations across Queensland (QLD), Australia, a state covering 1.8 million square kilometres, spanning multiple climates.MethodsSix years of routinely collected data (2012 to 2017) from 28 major QLD public hospitals were extracted from Queensland Health's Emergency Data Collection. The dataset contained individual, episode‐level asthma‐like diagnoses of ED presentations. Seasonality and trends of acute asthma were assessed through multiplicative time‐series analysis.ResultsThe study consisted of 2192 days with a total of 65 012 asthma ED presentations in QLD. The 6‐year average daily incidence rate was 270 asthma ED presentations per 100 000 population. The highest morbidity of asthma ED presentations occurred during the southern hemisphere winter months. Children showed a higher incidence rate compared to adults with males experiencing a higher incidence compared to females up until the age of 13, after which an inversion was observed persisting through adulthood. Seasonality of asthma ED presentations differed with latitude across QLD.ConclusionAsthma‐related ED presentations exhibit spatiotemporal variation across QLD, which appears to be related to climate. Furthermore, aeroallergens and respiratory viruses may be responsible for asthma ED peaks outside the winter period. Socioeconomic status may influence asthma ED presentation rates between regions. This knowledge can guide ongoing management and assist public health policy response.
Predicting factors for complications in peripheral intravenous catheters in the pediatric population
Authors: Resnick Ortal , Abu Ahmad Wiessam , Bancovsky Daniel , Rogachev Sonia , Ashash Amit , Ohana Sarna Cahan Lea , Rekhtman David , Hashavya Saar , Gross Itai 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo characterise the association between peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) gauge (G), the patient's age, insertion site and complication incidence.MethodsThis prospective study was performed in Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, between June 2018 and March 2019. Children with PIVC admitted to the paediatric departments were included. PIVCs were evaluated daily.ResultsA total of 113 children with 132 PIVCs were included in the study. The most common site of insertion was the antecubital fossa (43.9%). PIVCs were most commonly used for intravenous (IV) antibiotics (46.6%). Complications were observed for 40.9% PIVCs. Dislodgement was the most common complication. The complication rate was higher for the lower limbs (60%) and external jugular veins (100%) p = 0.002. In infants younger than 12 months, the complication rate was higher for 22 G PIVCs or larger (58.7% versus 27.5%; p = 0.05). In contrast, for the 1‐6 years age group, PIVCs smaller than 24 G had a higher complication rate (p = 0.004). Patients with comorbidities had a higher complication rate (p = 0.003).ConclusionRisk factors for complications are comorbidities and sites of insertion other than the upper limbs. In infants, 24 G PIVC or smaller should be inserted, whereas 22 G PIVC or larger are superior for 1‐ to 6‐year‐old children.
Pharmacokinetics under the COVID‐19 storm
Authors: Pilla Reddy Venkatesh , El‐Khateeb Eman , Jo Heeseung , Giovino Natalie , Lythgoe Emily , Sharma Shringi , Tang Weifeng , Jamei Masoud , Rastomi‐Hodjegan Amin 
Published: November 2020

AimsThe storm‐like nature of the health crises caused by COVID‐19 has led to unconventional clinical trial practices such as the relaxation of exclusion criteria. The question remains: how can we conduct diverse trials without exposing subgroups of populations to potentially harmful drug exposure levels? The aim of this study was to build a knowledge base of the effect of intrinsic/extrinsic factors on the disposition of several repurposed COVID‐19 drugs.MethodsPhysiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models were used to study the change in the pharmacokinetics (PK) of drugs repurposed for COVID‐19 in geriatric patients, different race groups, organ impairment and drug‐drug interactions (DDIs) risks. These models were also used to predict epithelial lining fluid (ELF) exposure, which is relevant for COVID‐19 patients under elevated cytokine levels.ResultsThe simulated PK profiles suggest no dose adjustments are required based on age and race for COVID‐19 drugs, but dose adjustments may be warranted for COVID‐19 patients also exhibiting hepatic/renal impairment. PBPK model simulations suggest ELF exposure to attain a target concentration was adequate for most drugs, except for hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, atazanavir and lopinavir/ritonavir.ConclusionWe demonstrate that systematically collated data on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, human PK parameters, DDIs and organ impairment can be used to verify simulated plasma and lung tissue exposure for drugs repurposed for COVID‐19, justifying broader patient recruitment criteria. In addition, the PBPK model developed was used to study the effect of age and ethnicity on the PK of repurposed drugs, and to assess the correlation between lung exposure and relevant potency values from in vitro studies for SARS‐CoV‐2.
Protective effect of suppressor of cytokine signalling 1‐based therapy in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Bernal Susana , Lopez‐Sanz Laura , Jimenez‐Castilla Luna , Prieto Ignacio , Melgar Ana , La Manna Sara , Martin‐Ventura Jose Luis , Blanco‐Colio Luis Miguel , Egido Jesus , Gomez‐Guerrero Carmen 
Published: November 2020

Background and PurposeAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a multifactorial disease characterized by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress and proteolytic activity in the aortic wall. Targeting JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is a promising strategy for chronic inflammatory diseases. We investigated the vasculo‐protective role of suppressor of cytokine signalling‐1 (SOCS1), the negative JAK/STAT regulator, in experimental AAA.Experimental ApproachA synthetic, cell permeable peptide (S1) mimic of SOCS1 kinase inhibitory domain to suppress STAT activation was evaluated in the well‐established mouse model of elastase‐induced AAA by monitoring changes in aortic diameter, cellular composition and gene expression in abdominal aorta. S1 function was further evaluated in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and macrophages exposed to elastase or elastin‐derived peptides.Key ResultsS1 peptide prevented AAA development, evidenced by reduced incidence of AAA, aortic dilation and elastin degradation, partial restoration of medial VSMC and decreased inflammatory cells and oxidative stress in AAA tissue. Mechanistically, S1 suppressed STAT1/3 activation in aorta, down‐regulated cytokines, metalloproteinases and altered the expression of cell differentiation markers by favouring anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophage and contractile VSMC phenotypes. In vitro, S1 suppressed the expression of inflammatory and oxidative genes, reduced cell migration and reversed the phenotypic switch of macrophages and VSMC. By contrast, SOCS1 silencing promoted inflammatory response.Conclusion and ImplicationsThis preclinical study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of SOCS1‐derived peptide to halt AAA progression by suppressing JAK/STAT‐mediated inflammation and aortic dilation. S1 peptide may therefore be a valuable option for the treatment of AAA.
The role of dentist supply, need for care and long‐term continuity in Health Resources and Services Administration‐funded health centres in the United States
Authors: Pourat Nadereh , Chen Xiao , Lu Connie , Zhou Weihao , Hoang Hank , Hair Brionna , Bolton Joshua , Sripipatana Alek 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesHealth Resources and Services Administration‐funded health centres (HCs) are an important source of dental services for low‐income and vulnerable patients in the United States. About 82% of HCs in 2018 had dental workforce, but it is unclear whether this workforce meets the oral health needs of HC patients. Thus, we first examined (a) whether dental workforce was associated with any dental visits vs none and (b) whether HC patients with any visits were more likely to have a visit at the HC vs elsewhere. We then examined (c) if need for oral health care and long‐term continuity at the HC were associated with dental visits and visits at the HC.MethodsThis study used the 2014 Health Center Patient Survey, a nationally representative study of US HC patients, and the 2013 Uniform Data System, an administrative dataset of HC characteristics. We also used the 2013 Area Health Resource File to measure the contribution of local supply of dentists. We included working‐age adult patients (n = 5006) and used multilevel structural equation models with Poisson specification.ResultsLarger dental workforce at the HC was significantly associated with 1% higher likelihood (relative risk [RR]: 1.01, 1.00‐1.02) of any visits and 10% higher likelihood of a visit at the HC among those with a visit (RR: 1.10, 1.06‐1.14). Patient self‐reported oral health need was positively associated with 157% higher likelihood of dental visits (RR: 2.57, 2.29‐2.88), and 42% higher likelihood of dental visit at the HC vs elsewhere (RR: 1.42, 1.19‐1.69). Long‐term continuity with the HC was not significantly associated with likelihood of dental visits, but was associated with 26% higher likelihood of visits at the HC among those who had any visits (RR: 1.26, 1.02‐1.56).DiscussionThe findings highlight the potential impact of increasing dental workforce at HCs to promote access; the high level of need for oral health care at HCs; and the increased effort required to promote access among newer patients who may be less familiar with the availability of oral health care at HCs. Together, these findings reinforce the importance of addressing barriers of use of oral health services among low‐income and uninsured patients.
Robust Computation of 3D Apollonius Diagrams
Authors: Wang Peihui , Yuan Na , Ma Yuewen , Xin Shiqing , He Ying , Chen Shuangmin , Xu Jian , Wang Wenping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractApollonius diagrams, also known as additively weighted Voronoi diagrams, are an extension of Voronoi diagrams, where the weighted distance is defined by the Euclidean distance minus the weight. The bisectors of Apollonius diagrams have a hyperbolic form, which is fundamentally different from traditional Voronoi diagrams and power diagrams. Though robust solvers are available for computing 2D Apollonius diagrams, there is no practical approach for the 3D counterpart. In this paper, we systematically analyze the structural features of 3D Apollonius diagrams, and then develop a fast algorithm for robustly computing Apollonius diagrams in 3D. Our algorithm consists of vertex location, edge tracing and face extraction, among which the key step is to adaptively subdivide the initial large box into a set of sufficiently small boxes such that each box contains at most one Apollonius vertex. Finally, we use centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT) to discretize the curved bisectors with well‐tessellated triangle meshes. We validate the effectiveness and robustness of our algorithm through extensive evaluation and experiments. We also demonstrate an application on computing centroidal Apollonius diagram.
Adjustable Constrained Soft‐Tissue Dynamics
Authors: Wang B. , Zheng M. , Barbič J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhysically based simulation is often combined with geometric mesh animation to add realistic soft‐body dynamics to virtual characters. This is commonly done using constraint‐based simulation whereby a soft‐tissue simulation is constrained to geometric animation of a subpart (or otherwise proxy representation) of the character. We observe that standard constraint‐based simulation suffers from an important flaw that limits the expressiveness of soft‐body dynamics. Namely, under correct physics, the frequency and amplitude of soft‐tissue dynamics arising from constraints (“inertial amplitude”) are coupled, and cannot be adjusted independently merely by adjusting the material properties of the model. This means that the space of physically based simulations is inherently limited and cannot capture all effects typically expected by computer animators. For example, animators need the ability to adjust the frequency, inertial amplitude, gravity sag and damping properties of the virtual character, independently from each other, as these are the primary visual characteristics of the soft‐tissue dynamics. We demonstrate that independence can be achieved by transforming the equations of motion into a non‐inertial reference coordinate frame, then scaling the resulting inertial forces, and then converting the equations of motion back to the inertial frame. Such scaling of inertia makes it possible for the animator to set the character's inertial amplitude independently from frequency. We also provide exact controls for the amount of character's gravity sag, and the damping properties. In our examples, we use linear blend skinning and pose‐space deformation for geometric mesh animation, and the Finite Element Method for soft‐body constrained simulation; but our idea of scaling inertial forces is general and applicable to other animation and simulation methods. We demonstrate our technique on several character examples.