bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal Perspective on Effectiveness of Pre-Work Cards for Indonesian People
Authors: Zubaidi Najella , Pratama Regy Gusti , Al-Fatih Sholahuddin 
Published: August 2020

<p>Many populations in Indonesia have made various problems that arise one of the problems of unemployment that occur in Indonesia. Many unemployment certainly makes the Indonesian economy decline, of course it becomes the duty of the government in overcoming the decline in the Indonesian economy and the issue of unemployment which is surged annually especially in the year 2020. Indonesian President Joko Widodo has created a pre-work card program which is expected to suppress the unemployment rate in Indonesia. With community pre-work cards can increase productivity and competitiveness of work and improve work competence. The community who participated in the pre-employment card program will be provided with training and incentives during the pre-work card training. But the government itself does not guarantee after joining the pre-employment program, people will get a job or not. Of course again this is a government task to be able to open extensive jobs for the people of Indonesia but this also needs to get support and participation from the people of Indonesia to make this pre-work card a successful program and can suppress the unemployment rate in Indonesia.</p><p><strong> </strong><strong>Keywords:</strong> Pre Work Cards; Unemployment; Effectiveness.</p>
Bureaucratic and Political Collaboration Towards a Good Governance System
Authors: Ishak Nurfaika , Hasibuan Rahmad Ramadhan , Arbani Tri Suhendra 
Published: August 2020

<p>This research aims to know how is the synergy of bureaucracy and politics in realizing good governance. More specifically, what are the factors that influence the relationship between bureaucracy and politics in realizing good governance system. This study used a qualitative approach which is give description about the issues. The data collection technique used is literature study by examining and analyzing relevant literature such as books, journal articles, laws and regulations focusing bureaucracy, politics, and good governance systems. The results of the research showed that the synergy between bureaucracy and politics is absolutely necessary to realize good governance system. In addition, factors that affects relationships between them are aspect of authority/ power, human resources, and recruitment system. Bureaucracy and politics must be placed in the same stage to prevent superiority between bureaucracy and politics. A balanced relationship can be transformed into juridical restrictions. The empowerment of professionals in filling bureaucracy and politics must be prioritized in order to reduce corruption and nepotism that occurs in irrational recruitment systems.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Bureaucracy; Good Governance; Politics.</p>
The Model of Management of the Masela Block Based on People's Welfare in Maluku
Authors: Ismoyo Jarot Digdo 
Published: August 2020

<p>This research is motivated by the wealth of Indonesia, which has a fertile layer of land and there are very large deposits of minerals, oil and gas, this potential should ideally be managed for the welfare of the people. This research was aimed at explaining and analyzing the failure of mining management in Indonesia and the management model of the Masela Block based on the people's welfare in Maluku. This study uses normative legal research methods with data sources in the form of primary and secondary legal materials. The results showed that the discovery of the Masela Block gave the local government an opportunity to actively participate in mining management and that the oil and gas rich Masela Block to be exploited was a golden opportunity for the Maluku local government to actively participate in the oil and gas mining sector in an effort to improve people's welfare.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Mining; Masela Block; Maluku.</p><p align="center"> </p>
The Role of Local Governments in the Defense of Leading Products
Authors: Luthviati Resti Dian 
Published: August 2020

<p>This study aims to explain and show the role and influence of local government policy and political law in protecting and developing Geographical Indications as a regional superior product. This article is the writing of normative law using the legislative approach method. The results of the study indicate that the policy and political law of the local government greatly affect the protection and development of Geographical Indications as a regional superior product, this is clearly seen in two ways, namely: a. The Regional Government of Sleman Regency provided assistance, with assistance from the Regional Government and after being officially requested by the Pondoh Salak Farmers Community of Sleman District, finally the pondoh salak variety succeeded in obtaining a geographical indication certificate in August 2013, b. Protection and development of Muntok White Pepper Geographical Indication products are inseparable from the role of the Regional Government of Bangka Belitung Province. H Eko Maulana Ali through the Governor Regulation of Bangka Belitung Province.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Political Law, Local Government, Geographical Indications.</p>
The Principle of Control Non Primary Gun System of the Indonesian National Army Protect Soldiers
Authors: Gunawan Said 
Published: August 2020

<p>This study aims to analyze and discover the principle of non-defense equipment regulation as a legal protection effort for members of the Indonesian Armed Forces and to reconstruct non-defense system arrangements in the context of legal protection for members of the TNI based on the value of certainty and justice with dignity. The research method in this research is descriptive juridical using statute approach, conceptual approach, analytical approach, philosophical approach and case approach. These approaches can be combined. The results of the research show that first, the principle of non-defense system regulation is subject to Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Army, especially the principle of civilian supremacy. The principle is only included in the basis of consideration. Does not specifically regulate the general provisions and body of the regulation regarding the terms and meaning of non-defense equipment and has not become one of the main tasks of the TNI in non-war military operations. Second, reconstruction of the value of alusista and non-alusista abuse must be subject to sanctions.</p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong><strong>Keywords:</strong> Defense Equipment; Indonesian National Army; Defense.</p>
Gross Split Contract Framework Regulation on the Caring for People
Authors: Intaniasari Kirana 
Published: August 2020

<p>This study aims to determine the model of oil and gas governance in Indonesia in terms of the interests of the State to protect natural resources that should be controlled for maximum use for the prosperity of the people. This study is based on the results of normative legal studies that are descriptive. The type of data used is secondary data obtained from literature study data collection techniques, which are then analyzed by carrying out systematic interpretation of the law. Systematic means, making a classification of written legal materials, to facilitate the work of analysis and construction. The results of this study show that oil and gas management arrangements began in the Dutch colonial period and continue to change with the times up to now, specifically the regulation of upstream oil and gas. Upstream oil and gas management has changed several times, namely the Concession system, the Contract of Work system, Production Sharing Contract (PSC) and finally the Gross Split Production Sharing Contract. The emergence of Gross Split aims to improve the PSC system and improve the efficiency and effectiveness of oil and gas production sharing patterns. Even though Gross Split still has weaknesses, but when compared to the previous system, Gross Split is more in line with the country's goal of being as broad as possible for the people.</p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong><strong>Keywords:</strong> Mining; Gross Split; Welfare State.</p>
Examining the Efficacy of Co-operative Learning Strategy on Undergraduate Students’ Achievement in Mathematics
Authors: Awofala Adeneye Olarewaju , Lawani Abisola Olusola 
Published: August 2020

<p>Evidence suggests strong support for innovative teaching approaches in mathematics intervention in universities all over the world and a robust backing has been accorded to co-operative learning pedagogy, which provides strong professional development to teachers on ways of promoting students’ social skills and aiding them to learn in a constructivist way. There is no doubt that co-operative learning is one of the most extensively documented methods to pedagogy in mathematics but little is known about its efficacy in the Nigerian university education setting. This study investigated the effectiveness of co-operative learning strategy on the achievement in mathematics of 220 university students in Nigeria within the blueprint of quasi-experimental research of Solomon four non-equivalent control group design. It also examined the influence of gender on students’ achievement in mathematics. Achievement in mathematics was measured by the differentiation achievement test with KR-20 of 0.86 and data collected for the study were analysed by adopting the independent samples t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed significant main effect of co-operative learning strategy on students’ achievement in mathematics whereas no significant main influence of gender was found on the dependent measure. Also, there was no significant interaction effect of treatment and gender on students’ achievement in mathematics. Based on the positive effect of cooperative learning strategy on university students’ achievement in mathematics in this study, it is paramount to adjust cooperative learning principles to enhance the needs of universities in Nigeria. Integrating technology to enhance enactment of major pedagogical elements of cooperative learning and to differentiate teaching and learning to improve numerous needs of students may provide a leeway to optimize mathematics results for Nigerian students.</p>
Meningkatkan Minat dan Pemahaman Siswa Kelas VIII-2 Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Balikpapan pada Materi Mobilitas Sosial dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Picture and Picture
Authors: Katiman Katiman 
Published: August 2020

Di antara model pembelajaran yang diantara model pembelajaran yang kerap digunakan oleh seorang guru bidang studi IPS adalah picture and picture berdasarkan pantauan penulis peserta didik yang mengikuti proses pembelajaran lebih terpacu semangat belajarnya jika seorang guru dapat mengemas materi ajar nya dengan menggunakan beragam model pembelajaran, begitu juga halnya dengan siswa kelas VII-2 di MTs Negeri Balikpapan. Dalam penelitian kali ini, penulis mencoba untuk membuat penelitian tindakan kelas dalam bentuk eksperimental dengan mewujudkan model pembelajaran picture and picture pada materi pembelajaran mobilitas sosial dengan menggunakan media gambar kelas VII-2 di MTS Negeri 1 Balikpapan. Adapun tujuan dari PTK ini yaitu untuk mengetahui upaya dalam meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman siswa kelas VIII-2 MTs Negeri 1 Balikpapan pada materi mobilitas social dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran picture and picture.
Molecular characterization of Leishmania species from stray dogs and patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Abdullah D , Alouffi Abdulazi S , Alyousif Mohamed S , Rahi Abdulsadah A , Ali Magda A , Abdullah Hend H.A.M. , Brayner Fabio A , Mendoza-Roldan Jairo Alfonso , Otranto Domenico 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica cause cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans and dogs in several parts of the world, with a large number of cases recorded in the Middle East. However, when occurring in sympatry, the role of each species of Leishmania in the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is not clear. Methods: To determine the prevalence and to identify the species of Leishmania that infects humans and stray dogs in Riyadh and Al-Qassim (Saudi Arabia), 311 stray dogs and 27 human patients, suspected for Leishmania, were examined for CL by a nested PCR (nPCR).Results: Nested PCR (nPCR) detected seven patients (25.9%) positive for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Five patients from Riyadh were infected by L. major and two from Al-Qassim by L. tropica. In addition, five dogs (1.6%) were infected by L. tropica. Conclusions: This is one of the first molecular studies of leishmaniasis from Saudi Arabia. The relationship between the sand fly vectors and the reservoirs of both Leishmania spp. is still scarcely known in this region, and further epidemiological investigations of domestic and wild canids infected with L. major and L. tropica are needed towards a control and prevention of the infection in canine and human populations.
Efficient differentiation of beige adipocytes from adult human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells
Authors: Singh Amar M. , Zhang Liang , Avery John , Dalton Stephen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Beige adipocytes (also known as brite adipocytes) have significant utility for numerous applications, such as drug screening, cell therapy, and disease modelling. However, a high-efficiency protocol from human adult adipose-derived stem/stromal stem cells (ADSC) has not been described. The protocol described here achieves beige adipocyte purities of >92% in a fully-defined, serum-free media cocktail, which enables these downstream applications. This method provides a significant leap forward over previously described, serum-based protocols that were inconsistent and inefficient.
Generation of Bioengineered Neuronal Organoids (BENOs) from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Zafeiriou Maria-Patapia , Guobin Bao , Blenkle Alica , Schreiber Marie-Kristin , Zimmermann Wolfram-Hubertus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Here we present a new directed differentiation and maturation protocol to generate Bioengineered Neuronal Organoids (BENOs) comprised of complex networks of inhibitory and excitatory neurons as well as supporting glial cells (astrocytes and myelinating oligodendrocytes).
Genetic Polymorphism of human CYP2D6 gene coding region from vivax malaria cases in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Huang Herong , Dong Ying , Xu Yanchun , Deng Yan , Zhang Canglin , Liu Shuping , Chen Mengni , Liu Yan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Primaquine is one of two medications able to effectively eliminate the hypnozoites of P. vivax, and therefore has been recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) as the anti-relapsing drug for the treatment of vivax patients. However, 5-hydroxy-primaquine, the presumed active component, must be generated by CYP2D6 enzyme in human hepatocytes and reduced CYP2D6 enzyme activity caused by gene mutations has been considered cause of primaquine failure. Based on the analysis of CYP2D6 gene polymorphisms in suspected relapsed vivax malaria patients, the current study aims to determine the association between human CYP2D6 genotype and the efficacy of primaquine. Methods: Blood samples from vivax patients in Yunnan Province who received "chloroquine/primaquine eight-day therapy" and experienced suspected relapses were collected from 2014 to 2018. Human genomic DNA was extracted, and 9 exons of CYP2D6 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and were then sequenced. The mutation types of CDS and their association with CYP2D6 enzyme activity changes were analyzed. Results: A total of 156 blood samples from 75 relapsed cases of vivax malaria and 75 non-relapsed cases were collected and two nested-PCR products, the CYP2D6 gene fragments containing exon1-4 and exon5-9 (2411bp and 2388bp), were obtained from the sample. After splicing and combining these two amplification products, we found that the CDS of CYP2D6 gene in each sample was 1491bp in length. Moreover, we identified 24 haplotypes (Hap_1~Hap_24) in the Clustered CYP2D6 full-CDS of 150 patients, including 17 haplotypes in relapsed patients and 15 haplotypes in non-relapsed patients (8 haplotypes co-existed in two groups of patients). In addition, we identified 33 diplotypes (A_1~A_33) in 150 patients. The A_10 and A_12 diplotypes showed higher frequency in suspected relapsed group.Conclusion: Among the numerous mutations of CYP2D6 gene， Hap_2 accounted for the largest proportion in 24 haplotypes. And the combined homozygous mutations at c. 408, c. 1457, especially the two loci combined mutations with c. 886, may be related to the poor efficacy of primaquine in the radical cure P. vivax in Yunnan, however, greater sample size is required confirm these findings.
The Pearl River Declaration: a timely call for enhancing health security through fostering a regional One Health collaboration in the Asia-Pacific
Authors: Alam Noore , Chu Cordia , Li Qianlin , Crook Allison , Whittaker Maxine , Aditama Tjandra , Schak Elena , Budiman Dicky , Barber Bonnie , Lu Jiahai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Second International Symposium on One Health Research (ISOHR) was held in Guangzhou city, China on 23–24 November 2019. A transdisciplinary collaborative approach, One Health (OH), was the central theme of the symposium which brought together more than 260 experts, scholars and emerging researchers from human health, veterinary health, food safety, environmental health and related disciplines and sectors. More than 50 organizations including World Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control (USA), and Queensland Government (Australia) participated in the symposium. Scholars, experts and emerging researchers, policy-makers and practitioners in their respective fields delivered over 50 presentations at the symposium, highlighting the collective vulnerability to some of the emerging health challenges the region was combating. These included emerging infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, climate change, food safety and the growing burden of non-communicable diseases. The Pearl River Declaration , emanated from the symposium, called for establishing a One Health Cooperation Network in the Southeast Asia–Pacific region with a vision to strengthen regional health security through sharing each other’s knowledge and experience, and making investments in workforce development, scientific innovations such as vaccine research and development, sharing epidemic intelligence, risk identification, risk communication and appropriate response measures against emerging health threats.
Research on Position Optimization of Badminton Doubles Based on Wireless Sensor and Human-computer Interactive Training
Authors: Yao Bo , Liang Na 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the continuous development process, robot technology based on multimedia interactions has been widely used in aerospace, medical, education and service industries, and the relationship between robots and humans is getting closer. The improvement of robot intelligence is a process of continuously learning the outside world. Since the introduction of multimedia human-computer interaction technology in 1959, it has provided more and more technical support for human research robots. This paper studies the characteristics of badminton competition, the characteristics of technical and tactics and the collection requirements of on-site training, and completes the technical description of the badminton doubles station. Through the digitalization of the gait-based sensation, the automated acquisition of the gait technology, the simultaneously with the video, the high-speed imaging system, the system implement information integration. Subsequently, the statistical analysis of badminton multimedia techniques and tactics was designed. The skills and tactics of athletes were expressed in the form of video, graphics and text. The operators can carry out the technical and tactical analysis implementation process through good human-computer interaction, and increase the end user's game information. Attention and understanding strengthen the strength and depth of technical and tactical ability analysis. Finally, the station optimization plan for badminton doubles is proposed.
Defining Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions for adults in Portugal
Authors: Sarmento João , Rocha João Victor Muniz , Santana Rui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSCs) are health conditions for which adequate management, treatment and interventions delivered in the ambulatory care setting could potentially prevent hospitalization. Which conditions are sensitive to ambulatory care varies according to the scope of health care services and the context in which the indicator is used. The need for a country-specific validated list for Portugal has already been identified, but currently no national list exists. The objective of this study was to develop a list of Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions for Portugal.Methods A modified web-based Delphi panel approach was designed, in order to determine which conditions can be considered ACSCs in the Portuguese adult population. The selected experts were general practitioners and internal medicine physicians identified by the most relevant Portuguese scientific societies. Experts were presented with previously identified ACSC and asked to select which could be accepted in the Portuguese context. They were also asked to identify other conditions they considered relevant. We estimated the number and cost of ACSC hospitalizations in 2017 in Portugal according to the identified conditions.Results After three rounds the experts agreed on 34 of the 45 initially proposed items. Fourteen new conditions were proposed and four achieved consensus, namely uterine cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, thromboembolic venous disease and voluntary termination of pregnancy. In 2017 133,427 hospitalizations were for ACSC (15.7% of all hospitalizations). This represents a rate of 1,685 per 100,000 adults. The most frequent diagnosis were pneumonia, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infection, colorectal cancer, hypertensive disease atrial fibrillation and complications of diabetes mellitus.Conclusions New ACSC were identified. It is expected that this list could be used henceforward by epidemiologic studies, health services research and for healthcare management purposes. ACSC lists should be updated frequently. Further research is necessary to increase the specificity of ACSC hospitalizations as an indicator of healthcare performance.