bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of surgical treatment of uclear bleed in patients with ischemic heart disease
Authors: Khajibayev A. M. , Rakhimov R. I. , Nabiev A. A. , Mahamadaminov A. G. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction. This article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of modern emergency abdominal surgery – the result of surgical treatment of ulcer bleed in patients with ischemic heart disease.Undoubtedly intensive hemostatic conservative therapy and endoscopic hemostasis methods are the main treatment methods for this group of patients. However, in a certain number of patients with NGDK with various variants of IHD, such treatment is ineffective and there is a need to perform surgical hemostasis in an emergency and urgently.Surgical methods of hemostasis of NGDK patients with different variants of IHD are shown only in cases of inefficiency of conservative and endoscopic treatment methods. Among surgical interventions, radical surgeries are more preferable, which, if performed against the background of intensive resuscitation support, allow to achieve reliable hemostasis and thus avoid postoperative recurrent bleeding. Palliative surgery should be used when radical surgery is not possible due to the severity of the patient’s condition or lack of technical skill of surgeons. Finally, it is clear that in order to improve treatment results in patients in this category, correction of changes caused by the accompanying IHD is necessary.Materials and methods: In our research material, 89 out of 997 patients had such a need, which was 8.9%. It mainly corresponds to the modern literature data.Results: An analysis of the results of these patients’ palliative and radical surgical interventions clearly showed that the last ones were more preferable.The basis for this judgment was the high percentage of mortality after palliative care compared to radical care with approximately the same number of postoperative complications.In addition, it is noteworthy that postoperative complications typical of palliative care in the form of recurrent ulcerative bleeding are often fatal, because half of these patients in our observations have not experienced repeated radical interventions.Conclusion: At the same time, the necessary condition for performing radical operations is, firstly, appropriate technical skill of the surgeon, and secondly, providing the latter with intensive resuscitation support. In case of impossibility of performance of these conditions the method of a choice should serve palliative care.
Patient with constipation syndrome at the ambulatory-polyclinic reception: actual aspects of diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Degovtsov E. N. , Trukhan D. I. , Nikonenko V. A. , Kosenok V. K. 
Published: June 2020

An actual problem in surgical practice is paresis of the gastrointestinal tract, the main manifestation of which is constipation after surgical treatment. Treatment of postoperative gastrointestinal paresis, which is manifested primarily by constipation, should be comprehensive and, if necessary, patients are shown taking laxatives to stimulate bowel function.Sodium picosulfate is one of the most commonly used and effective drugs, belongs to the group of synthetic stimulant laxatives. The above review noted the safety and effectiveness of sodium picosulfate for atonic constipation, for regulating stool (hemorrhoids, proctitis, anus cracks), for preparing for surgical operations, instrumental and radiological examinations.The presence of picosulfate in the clinic and hospital surgeon’s arsenal makes it possible to optimize the drug therapy in surgical patients with constipation syndrome at the hospital and outpatient treatment stage.
Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Mannina Giorgio , Cosenza Alida , Rebouças Taise Ferreira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of a plant-wide mathematical model for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The mathematical model assesses direct and indirect (due to the energy consumption) greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions from a WWTP employing a whole-plant approach. The model includes: i) the kinetic/mass-balance based model regarding nitrogen; ii) two-step nitrification process; iii) N2O formation both during nitrification and denitrification (as dissolved and off-gas concentration). Important model factors have been selected by using the Extended-Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Testing (FAST) global sensitivity analysis method. A scenario analysis has been performed in order to evaluate the uncertainty related to all selected important model factors (scenario 1), important model factors related to the influent features (scenario 2) and important model factors related to the operational conditions (scenario 3). The main objective of this paper was to analyse the key factors and sources of uncertainty at a plant-wide scale influencing the most relevant model outputs: direct and indirect (DIR,CO2eq and IND,CO2eq, respectively), effluent quality index (EQI), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) effluent concentration (CODOUT and TNOUT, respectively). Sensitivity analysis shows that model factors related to the influent wastewater and primary effluent COD fractionation exhibit a significant impact on direct, indirect and EQI model factors. Uncertainty analysis reveals that outflow TNOUT has the highest uncertainty in terms of relative uncertainty band for scenario 1 and scenario 2. Therefore, uncertainty of influential model factors and influent fractionation factors has a relevant role on total nitrogen prediction. Results of the uncertainty analysis show that the uncertainty of model prediction decreases after fixing stoichiometric/kinetic model factors.
Fouling mechanisms of membrane filtration of mixed microalgal biomass grown in wastewater
Authors: Soydemir Gülfem , Gurol Mirat D. , Hocaoğlu Selda Murat , Karagündüz Ahmet 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMembrane fouling mechanisms of the filtration of a mixed-culture microalgal biomass grown in real wastewater were investigated using crossflow filtration experiments. The results of flux measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses for three membranes, two microfiltration (PES01 and PES003) and one ultrafiltration (UC030), showed that the UC030 membrane may be more appropriate for microalgae harvesting due to its higher steady flux rate and lower flux reduction during filtration compared to the initial flux (44% for UC030, compared to 86% for PES01 and 79% for PES003). It was also observed that the membrane resistance due to concentration polarization was the dominant membrane resistance in this study for all three membranes, constituting about 67%, 61% and 51% for PES01, PES003, and UC030, respectively. The next largest membrane resistance was provided by pore blocking, while the resistance provided by cake formation was found to be very small for all membranes (3%, 15% and 18% for PES01, PES003 and UC030, respectively), which were also supported by SEM and AFM analyses.
Sorption, coagulation, and biodegradation for graywater treatment
Authors: Thompson Kyle A. , Valencia Evan W. , Summers R. Scott , Cook Sherri M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Population growth and climate change are exacerbating water scarcity. Graywater recycling could reduce water demand but it is not commonly practiced because of high treatment costs. Biochar, an emerging low-cost alternative sorbent with potential environmental benefits for graywater treatment, was compared to activated carbon (AC) for removing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from graywater. The impact of pretreatments (coagulation, biodegradation) were also evaluated. Among five biochars tested, a wood-based biochar was the most effective for graywater treatment, but AC removed more DOC. Sorption resulted in a greater percent removal of ultraviolet (UV) absorbance than DOC or free chlorine demand. Graywater regulations could not be met by sorption alone but could be met with pretreatment before sorption. After biodegradation, irrigation and toilet flushing treatment targets could be achieved with AC doses less than 0.7 g/L, while a biochar dose of about 1 g/L was needed to achieve the irrigation treatment targets. For DOC removal, alum coagulation at a dose of 30 mg/L was a less effective pretreatment than biodegradation. Pretreatment and sorption to decrease turbidity and increase UV transmittance could be effective for the potential use of UV disinfection, thus creating an effective graywater non-potable reuse approach.
Investigating the performance of agricultural wastes and their ashes in removing phenol from leachate in a fixed-bed column
Authors: Ahmadinejad Seyed Omid , Naeeni Seyed Taghi Omid , Akbari Zahra , Nazif Sara 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
One of the major pollutants in leachate is phenol. Due to safety and environmental problems, removal of phenol from leachate is essential. Most of the adsorption studies have been conducted in batch systems. Practically, large-scale adsorption is carried out in continuous systems. In this research, the adsorption method has been used for phenol removal from leachate by using walnut shell activated carbon (WSA) and coconut shell activated carbon (CSA) as adsorbents in a fixed-bed column. The effect of adsorbent bed depth, influent phenol concentration and type of adsorbent on adsorption was explored. By increasing the depth of the adsorbent bed in the column, phenol removal efficiency and saturation time increase significantly. Also, by increasing the influent concentration, saturation time of the column decreases. To predict the column performance and describe the breakthrough curve, three kinetic models of Yon-Nelson, Adams-Bohart and Thomas were applied. The results of the experiments indicate that there is a good match between the results of the experiment and the predicted results of the models.
Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis
Authors: de Araújo Varela Josimara A. , Palitot Tatiana F.T. , de Souza Smyrna L.X. , Cavalcanti Alidianne F.C. , Cavalcanti Alessandro L. 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and
the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents.

Methods:
A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical
records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina
Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day
of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face,
and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%.

Results:
A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians.
Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over
(30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%),
and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles
predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded
to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence
on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence
of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p <0.05.

Conclusion:
Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65
years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The
presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.
Exploring the Spiritual Dimension of Social Work
Authors: McKernan Michael 
Published: June 2020

Social work’s response to the rising levels of public and professional interest in spirituality poses some important questions:
i.Why is this important to social work practice? ii.What do we mean by spirituality? iii.What are the obstacles posed by religious and spiritual traditions that must be overcome to honor social work values and wisdom? iv.What research is available to help us understand the value of spirituality to clients? v.How can spirituality help us to serve our clients?
Based on research conducted as a Muttart Fellow, the writer uses these questions as a framework for exploring the role and significance of spirituality in social work. The article ends with specific, applied benefits that a credible spiritual perspective brings to social work practice.
Pengembangan Lagu Kreasi Tematik Berbasis Kognitif pada Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini di Taman Kanak-Kanak
Authors: Arinalhaq Ririen , Yeni Indra , Ismet Syahrul , Saridewi Saridewi 
Published: June 2020

This study aims are creating of a thematic creation song at early childhood for children’s cognitive development in kindergarten. There are two songs developed in accordance with the theme of animals sub theme land animals and theme plant sub theme wild plants. Type of the research is Research and Development (R and D) in accordance with the design forward by Plomp consitsts of three phases : prelimenary research, development/ prototyping phase and assassement phase. Assassement phase limited to levels One to One, so this research can provided information about the validity dan practicality of the product. Data on validity was obtain from music, media and subject matter axperts from Department of PG PAUD FIP Universitas Negeri Padang, and information about practicality taken from Teacher of Kindergarten. Data analysis techniques are combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, which qualitative analysis used at prelimenary research and development/prototyping phase, and quantitative analysis uses percentage statistics. The result of the study are (1) the validity of product is 87.79% in the category of very valid, and (2) The practicality of product is 83.75% in the category of very practical. Finaly as the conclussion of this study is: The Thematic Creation Song Based on Cognitive Development as the product of this study valid dan practical for Chilhood at kindergarten.
FAKTOR IDENTITAS MASYARAKAT UKRAINA DALAM PENENTANGAN ORIENTASI KEBIJAKAN LUAR NEGERI PADA ERA VIKTOR YANUKOVYCH
Authors: Putri Dwi Aulia 
Published: June 2020

Artikel ini menganalisis alasan orang-orang Ukraina cenderung mendukung negaranya untuk berintegrasi dengan Barat, terutama Uni Eropa dibandingkan dengan Rusia. Artikel ini menggunakan konsep konstruktivisme dari Ted Hopf yang terdiri dari dua komponen tentang pembentukan identitas yaitu identitas dapat dibentuk selama proses interaksi antara negara dan identitas juga dapat dibentuk di komunitas domestik itu sendiri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan eksplanatori dan menggunakan data sekunder. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa identitas yang terbentuk dalam masyarakat domestik Ukraina cenderung melihat nilai-nilai barat seperti perlindungan hak asasi manusia, toleransi budaya lain dan kebebasan beragama, kebebasan individu dan demokrasi, serta kesejahteraan masyarakat sebagai referensi positif sehingga mereka ingin mengadopsi nilai-nilai tersebut dan menjadi bagian dari masyarakat Barat. Selain itu, interaksi positif yang terjadi antara Ukraina dan Barat, khususnya Uni Eropa, yang dibuktikan dengan dukungan Eropa untuk status Ukraina sebagai negara merdeka memberikan pandangan positif mengenai negara-negara Barat bagi masyarakat Ukraina. Sebaliknya, interaksi permusuhan antara Ukraina dan Rusia yang cenderung bersifat intervensi menciptakan pandangan negatif tentang Rusia di sebagian besar masyarakat Ukraina.
Pembuktian Israel Sebagai Pelaku State-Terrorism
Authors: Mubarok Kiagus Zaenal 
Published: June 2020

Definisi mengenai terorisme sangat beragam namun masih sedikit yang menyepakati bahwa negara sangat mungkin melakukan terorisme. Dalam kasus Palestina-Israel, pasca UN Partition Plan 181 tahun 1947, milisi-milisi Zionis telah melakukan berbagai aksi kekerasan dengan tujuan untuk mengusir warga Arab Palestina dari wilayah yang ditetapkan oleh PBB sebagai calon negara Israel. Setelah Israel resmi dideklarasikan pada 14 Mei 1948, aksi-aksi kekerasan itu terus berlanjut dan dilakukan oleh militer Israel. Penelitian ini berupaya menjawab pertanyaan apakah aksi-aksi kekerasan yang dilakukan Israel dapat dikategorikan sebagai state-terrorism dan di dalam artikel ini telah dibuktikan bahwa Israel memenuhi ketiga karakteristik terorisme, yaitu melakukan kekerasan, menciptakan ketakutan di tengah populasi, dan aksi kekerasan itu bertujuan untuk mengubah perilaku bangsa Palestina agar tidak lagi memperjuangkan kemerdekaan mereka. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif dengan menelaah berbagai dokumen, artikel jurnal, dan pemberitaan media massa..
O uso irônico do vocábulo “εὐαγγέλιον” na sentença introdutória de Marcos | The ironic use of the word “εὐαγγέλιον” in the introdutory sentence of Mark
Authors: Leite Francisco Benedito 
Published: June 2020

Este artigo compara os significados e as utilizações das palavras gregas εὐαγγέλιον e εὐαγγελίζω no Evangelho conforme Marcos e na obra “Guerras Judaicas”, de Flávio Josefo. Para estabelecer os contrastes de significados,também são apresentados os significados dos mesmos vocábulos na LXX e nos outros dois evangelhos sinóticos,Mateus e Lucas, apesar de uma análise mais densa desses textos não estar no escopo deste estudo. A comparação dos referidos textos mostrará que a irônica utilização do substantivo εὐαγγέλιον, que dá título à obra marcana, não foi compartilhada pelos outros evangelhos. Utilizamos o procedimento filológico de literatura comparada para chegar aos resultados que aqui serão apresentados.
A Review of Formal and Informal Regulations in the Nordic Influencer Industry
Authors: Abidin Crystal , Hansen Kjeld , Hogsnes Mathilde , Newlands Gemma , Nielsen Mette Lykke , Nielsen Louise Yung , Sihvonen Tanja 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article provides a systematic review of laws, guidelines, and best practices related to the Nordic influencer industry as of the year 2020. We highlight some nuanced differences or shortfalls across Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, and give some policy recommendations to national governments and industry in order to maintain a professional Nordic standard. The article identifies a degree of social, cultural, and economic coherence in the Nordic context that allows for the Danish, Finnish, Norwegian, and Swedish influencer industries to be viewed as a collaborative entity. It then reviews the status of income and tax procedures, and the regulation of commercial disclosures for influencers in the Nordic region. It is hoped that this research contributes to strengthening the integrity and rigour of the Nordic influencer industry to serve as a model for other regional networks of influencers.
Zakat Penghasilan Pegawai Negeri Sipil dan Relevansinya Dengan Pengurangan Jumlah Pajak Penghasilan di Aceh
Authors: Anisah Anisah , Syahrizal Syahrizal , Syahbandir Mahdi 
Published: June 2020

Zakat merupakan salah satu dana wajib yang dibayar umat Islam melalui badan yang ditunjuk oleh undang-undang. Khusus Aceh disebutkan zakat merupakan salah satu sumber dari PAD dan mempunyai kaitannya dengan pajak, khususnya pajak penghasilan. Dasar hukum yang digunakan yaitu Pasal 4 ayat (3) huruf a nomor 1 UU No. 17 Tahun 2000, Pasal 191 UU No. 11 Tahun 2006 dan Pasal 22 UU No. 23 Tahun 2011. Zakat sebagai faktor pengurang terhadap jumlah pajak penghasilan terhutang, pemberlakuan ketentuan tersebut merupakan suatu kemajuan bagi umat Islam Aceh. Hal ini dikuatkan dengan diberlakukannya Keputusan Dirjen Pajak No KEP−542/PJ/2001 bahwa zakat atas penghasilan dapat dikurangkan atas penghasilan netto. Pemberlakuan zakat pengurang pajak atas penghasilan yang diperoleh setiap orang dianggap penting dalam melaksanakan kewajibannya sebagai seorang muslim di Aceh. Ketentuan ini hingga sekarang belum diterapkan di Aceh dimana seharusnya Zakat dapat mengurangkan pajak penghasilan. Zakat is one of the compulsory funds paid by Muslims through bodies appointed by law. Special Aceh mentioned zakat is one source of PAD and has a relation to the tax, especially income tax. The legal basis used is Article 4 paragraph (3) letter a number 1 of Law no. 17 of 2000, Article 191 of Law no. 11 of 2006 and Article 22 of Law no. 23 of 2011. Zakat as a subtracting factor against the amount of income tax payable, the enforcement of these provisions is an improvement for the Muslims of Aceh. This is reinforced by the enactment of Decision of the Director General of Taxes No. KEP-542 / PJ / 2001 that zakah on income can be deducted on net income. The enactment of zakat tax deductions on income earned by each person is considered important in carrying out its obligations as a Muslim in Aceh. This provision has not been applied in Aceh where Zakat should be able to deduct income tax.
Peranan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Dalam Menata dan Membina Pedagang Kaki Lima di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Mardiani Mardiani , Suhaimi Suhaimi , Mansur Teuku Muttaqin 
Published: June 2020

Salah satu wujud kewenangan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja adalah penegakan Qanun Nomor 3 Tahun 2007 tentang pengaturan dan pembinaan pedagang kaki lima. Pemerintah Kota berwenang untuk menata dan membina tempat usaha pedagang kaki lima sesuai dengan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peranan Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Banda Aceh dalam menata dan membina pedagang kaki lima dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengaturan dan pembinaan yang dilakukan oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja terhadap pedagang kaki lima di Kota Banda Aceh. Metode Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan hukum empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Banda Aceh telah berusaha mengatasi permasalahan ketidakteraturan pedagang kaki lima dengan melakukan penataan, penertiban dan pembinaan serta pengawasan terhadap pedagang kaki lima yang masih berjualan di tempat yang sudah dilarang beraktifitas dan memindahkan para pedagang kaki lima ketempat relokasi yang telah ditetapkan. Namun kenyataannya pedagang kaki lima kembali berjualan di bahu jalan dan trotoar, karena pedagang kaki lima beranggapan akan lebih mudah dijangkau oleh pembeli dan mendapatkan keuntungan yang besar. Hal tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal berupa sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana dan perangkat hukum belum tersedia. Sedangkan faktor eksternal meliputi tingkat kesadaran pedagang kaki lima masih kurang dan tingkat koordinasi antar lintas sektoral kurang mendapat dukungan. One of the existences of the Municipal Police authorities is enforcing Qanun Number 3, 2007 on the Regulation and Guiding for Street Vendors. The Government has power to regulate and manage street vendors based on the municipal spatial planning. This research aims to explore the roles of the Municipal Police in making public order and guiding the street vendors, to explain factors influencing the regulation and guidance done by the Municipal Police towards the street vendors in Banda Aceh. The research method used is the empirical legal research. The research shows that the municipal police of Banda Aceh has been striving to overcome the problems of troubles of the vendors by organized, guiding and supervising the vendors who are still trading at the forbidden places for it and moving them to the relocated spaces that has been made. Nevertheless, they are coming back to trade at the forbidden places namely, vendor places as they are assuming that by trading at the places and the vendors it will be easier to sale and to get buyers and get profit bigger. Some obstacles are influencing it, namely; internal factors that human resource capacity, infrastructures and the absence of laws. Meanwhile, the external factors are comprising the level of awareness/the obedience of the vendors themselves which is lack and the inter-sectors coordination that is lack of support.