bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public entrepreneurship and organizational performance in Asia: Do entreprneurial leadership, ethical climate and Confucian values matter in Korea and China
Authors: Moon M. Jae , Khaltar Odkhuu , Lee Joonwoo , Hwang Changho , Yim Gowoonbit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis is an empirical study on the effects of Confucian values and entrepreneurial leadership on public entrepreneurship and organisational performance in Asia based on data collected from China and South Korea. This study focuses on the differences in the effects of Confucian values, entrepreneurial leadership, and ethical climate on public entrepreneurship and organisational performance between government agencies in South Korea and China. Contrary to the conventional Western perspective, this study shows that Confucian values are not necessarily negatively associated with public entrepreneurship and organisational performance. Entrepreneurial leadership and public entrepreneurship (as a mediating variable) appear to be significant factors to organisational performance. The similarities and differences between China and South Korea are discussed.
Women and Men who Committed Murder: Male/Female Psychopathic Homicides
Authors: Carabellese Felice , Felthous Alan R. , Mandarelli Gabriele , Montalbò Domenico , La Tegola Donatella , Parmigiani Giovanna , Rossetto Ilaria , Franconi Filippo , Ferretti Fabio , Carabellese Fulvio , Catanesi Roberto 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present study was designed to compare gender differences in psychiatric diagnosis with the dimension of psychopathy in women and men who had attempted or committed homicide. The study samples consisted of 39 homicidal females and 48 homicidal males who were confined in one of Italy’s REMS or prison facilities in two southern provinces of Italy (Puglia and Basilicata). Assessment instruments included the SCID‐5, the PID‐5 IRF, and the PCL‐R. Each gender group was stratified according to the level of criminal responsibility for the homicidal offense (full, partial, absent), and after assessments, according to the degree of the psychopathic dimension. There were clear gender differences in homicidal individuals. Female offenders were less likely to have had a record of criminal charges/convictions or imprisonment, and their homicides were more often intrafamilial, victimizing especially of their children, whereas males targeted intimate partners and extrafamilial victims. In the entire group, there was an inverse relationship between the level of psychopathy and the personality disorder on one side, and the psychotic disturbance on the other. Factor 2 (lifestyle/antisocial dimension) of the PCL‐R was higher among the homicidal males, whereas females tended to score higher on Factor 1 (the interpersonal/affective dimension). Finally, if the psychopathic dimension is a qualifier for antisocial personality disorder, as indicated in DSM‐5, this appears to be less true for females who tend to have other personality disorders.
Cadmium effects on plant reproductive organs: Physiological, productive, evolutionary and ecological aspects
Authors: Carvalho Marcia E. A. , Gaziola Salete A. , Carvalho Lilian A. , Azevedo Ricardo A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStudies involving the effects of long‐term exposure of plants to cadmium (Cd) are not usual, hence, data about Cd‐induced impacts on plant reproductive organs are scarce. The lack of robust information about this matter is surprising and also worrying because it is not yet clear whether (and how strong) Cd influences yield, and quality of fruits and seeds. Such information is necessary to guide strategies to manage crops and to avoid negative impacts on the environment and human health. This review gathers information about the effects of long exposure of flowers, fruits and seeds to Cd. A critical analysis of the data related to this matter, which have been published in the last 30 years, was performed. Ecological and evolutionary aspects were also discussed, and new insights were provided. The information about Cd‐induced effects on fruit and seed quality is relevant to support not only further scientific studies, but also environmental, economic and health policies in times of increasing heavy metal pollution in agricultural areas.
Anatomical description of the origin and distribution of the lumbosacral plexus in one puma (Puma concolor)
Authors: Londoño‐Osorio Andrés , Ceballos Claudia P. , Tamayo‐Arango Lynda J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWild felids often suffer spinal and limb disorders; however, their nervous system anatomy is poorly studied. Herein, the lumbosacral plexus (Plexus lumbosacralis) of an adult puma and the motor and sensitive innervation of the pelvic limb is described. We found anatomical similarities to other felids, but also some differences. Branches L4‐S3 form the lumbosacral plexus (Plexus lumbosacralis) in the puma. The femoral nerve (N. femoris) arises from the union of L4‐L5, while in other felids, it is formed by L5‐L6. Unlike in the cat, the sartorius muscle receives branches from the saphenous (N. saphenous) and femoral nerves (N. femoris), and the lateral head of the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor muscles are innervated by a branch of the soleus muscle.
Multidimensional analysis of landscape dynamics in a Central African forest‐savannah mosaic
Authors: Demichelis Christophe , Oszwald Johan , Gasquet‐Blanchard Clélia , Narat Victor , Bokika Jean‐Christophe , Pennec Flora , Giles‐Vernick Tamara 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMost landscape cover assessments for conservation programmes rely largely on remote sensing analyses. These analyses, however, neglect how people inhabiting protected zones perceive and structure land cover. Using socio‐ecological systems (SES) analysis in a forest‐savannah mosaic on the Congo Basin forest edge (Democratic Republic of Congo), we investigated how human practices, landscape perceptions and land use patterns affected forest cover. We conducted remote sensing analysis using a Sentinel‐2 satellite image and 187 GPS landmarks, producing a land cover map with 11 classes. Our results yielded an 81.85% correspondence with additional 164 GPS landmarks, a robust score in tropical areas. We conducted 40 individual interviews, eighteen focus group discussion workshops and nine months of participant observation of human practices to identify 19 land units and elaborate a granular SES system structuring the landscape. Integrating local knowledge and practices with general ecological and agronomic processes, we developed a landscape dynamics model revealing progressive forest colonisation of savannahs. Our methods demonstrate that a forest‐edge landscape cover evaluation through remote sensing and local knowledge can contribute to finer‐grained assessment of land cover and ecosystem services. This assessment can assist conservation efforts by considering local populations' practices on and perceptions of landscape change.
Malignant extra‐ovarian endometriosis: A case series of ten patients and review of the literature
Authors: Poon Carolin , Rome Robert 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundThe malignant transformation of endometriosis within the ovary is a recognised condition. There is less literature surrounding the malignant transformation of extra‐ovarian endometriosis (MEOE).AimsWe report our experience with MEOE in ten patients and present a review of the literature regarding this rare malignancy.Materials and MethodsFor this retrospective case series, patients were identified from a practice‐based database. Where required, operative notes and pathology reports were reviewed.ResultsTen patients diagnosed with MEOE between 1991 and 2014 were identified. In each case, the tumour was localised to the pelvis and centred on the pouch of Douglas, broad ligament, obturator fossa, parametrium and rectovaginal septum. Tumour histology was endometrioid adenocarcinoma (six), clear cell carcinoma (two), and adenosarcoma (two). Five patients had a history of endometriosis and four had received oestrogen‐only hormone replacement therapy after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy. Treatments included surgery (one), surgery and radiotherapy (one), surgery and chemotherapy (one), surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (three), and radiotherapy and chemotherapy (four). Maintenance hormonal therapy was also used in three patients. Curative doses of radiotherapy 45 Gy or more resulted in in‐field control in five patients. Six patients had no evidence of disease at a mean follow up period of 15 years (5.5–24 years). Severe G3 long‐term bladder morbidity occurred in three patients after radical surgery and radiotherapy.ConclusionMEOE is a rare condition for which treatment needs to be individualised. Multicentre studies and registries will hopefully define optimal treatment.
Characteristics of three different patellar implant designs in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Gharaibeh Monther A. , Chen Darren B. , Wood Jil A. , MacDessi Samuel J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite debate over the role of patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty, many surgeons feel it decreases re‐operation rates and anterior pain, and an increasing number are adopting resurfacing. This study compares intra‐operative characteristics of different patellar implants to assist surgeons in gaining better understanding of these implants.MethodsThe three most commonly used patellar implants (inset, onlay round and onlay oval) were allocated randomly to 120 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. We compared the groups in terms of implant size, bone coverage, lateral underhang (uncovered lateral facet) and need for partial lateral facetectomy. We also compared the patient‐reported outcome measures between the groups at 6 months post‐operatively.ResultsThe inset, onlay round and onlay oval designs had bone coverage of 48.5%, 65.9% and 85.9%, respectively (P < 0.01). Similarly, the onlay‐oval implant was found to have the smallest lateral underhang of all three designs (inset 11.6 mm; onlay round 6.9 mm, onlay oval 1.6 mm, P < 0.01). The onlay‐oval design was the largest implant with a median size of 35 mm, compared to 23 mm for the inset and 32 mm for the onlay round (P < 0.01). In addition, patellae using onlay‐oval implants required significantly fewer lateral facetectomies due to improved bone coverage (inset 95%; onlay round 87%; onlay oval 3%; P < 0.01). Finally, comparison of patient‐reported outcome measures between the groups showed no difference at an early assessment of 6 months.ConclusionOnlay‐oval design allows for the use of a larger implant, improving bone coverage and reducing the need for partial lateral facetectomy; however, early assessment of outcomes shows no difference between the three designs.
Body coloration, carotenoid content, spermatophore quality and biochemical parameters by effect of temperature in the caridean shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Atyidae)
Authors: Tomas Ana Laura , Sganga Daniela Eliana , Battista Ariadna , López Greco Laura Susana 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study analysed the effects of three temperatures (20, 24 and 28ºC) on survival, body coloration, carotenoid content, body weight, biochemical composition and spermatophore quality in the shrimp Neocaridina davidi. In all treatments, survival was >90%. Female body coloration and total carotenoid content, for both males and females, did not statistically differ among treatments. Female weight was similar for the three temperatures, while male weight was higher at 20ºC and 24ºC. Total lipid content was higher in female and male shrimps raised at 20ºC. Total protein content was higher in females exposed at 28ºC, but in contrast, males showed the lowest value at the same temperature. The histological and histochemical analyses of the male reproductive system did not reveal differences among treatments. At 20ºC, a delay in ovaries maturation was observed, as well as a smaller amount of ovigerous females at the end of the experimental period. Hence, these results suggest that a temperature range from 20ºC to 28ºC is adequate for satisfactory growth, with no change being exerted on spermatophore quality, body female coloration or carotenoid content, but biochemical composition was affected. Nevertheless, the lowest temperature had a clear impact on the metabolism and reproduction of N. davidi.
Investigating the response of paediatric leukaemia‐propagating cells to BCL‐2 inhibitors
Authors: Diamanti Paraskevi , Ede Benjamin C. , Dace Phoebe EI , Barendt William J. , Cox Charlotte V. , Hancock Jeremy P. , Moppett John P. , Blair Allison 
Published: May 2020

SummaryRelapse of paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) may occur due to persistence of resistant cells with leukaemia‐propagating ability (LPC). In leukaemia, the balance of B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (BCL‐2) family proteins is disrupted, promoting survival of malignant cells and possibly LPC. A direct comparison of BCL‐2 inhibitors, navitoclax and venetoclax, was undertaken on LPC subpopulations from B‐cell precursor (BCP) and T‐cell ALL (T‐ALL) cases in vitro and in vivo. Responses were compared to BCL‐2 levels detected by microarray analyses and Western blotting. In vitro, both drugs were effective against most BCP‐ALL LPC, except CD34−/CD19− cells. In contrast, only navitoclax was effective in T‐ALL and CD34−/CD7− LPC were resistant to both drugs. In vivo, navitoclax was more effective than venetoclax, significantly improving survival of mice engrafted with BCP‐ and T‐ALL samples. Venetoclax was not particularly effective against T‐ALL cases in vivo. The proportions of CD34+/CD19−, CD34−/CD19− BCP‐ALL cells and CD34−/CD7− T‐ALL cells increased significantly following in vivo treatment. Expression of pro‐apoptotic BCL‐2 genes was lower in these subpopulations, which may explain the lack of sensitivity. These data demonstrate that some LPC were resistant to BCL‐2 inhibitors and sustained remission will require their use in combination with other therapeutics.
Development and validation of an explainable artificial intelligence‐based decision‐supporting tool for prostate biopsy
Authors: Suh Jungyo , Yoo Sangjun , Park Juhyun , Cho Sung Yong , Cho Min Chul , Son Hwancheol , Jeong Hyeon 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a risk calculator for prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI).Patients and MethodsWe used data of 3791 patients to develop and validate the risk calculator. We initially divided the data into development and validation sets. An extreme gradient‐boosting algorithm was applied to the development calculator using five‐fold cross‐validation with hyperparameter tuning following feature selection in the development set. The model feature importance was determined based on the Shapley value. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was analysed for each validation set of the calculator.ResultsApproximately 1216 (32.7%) and 562 (14.8%) patients were diagnosed with PCa and csPCa. The data of 2843 patients were used for development, whereas the data of 948 patients were used as a test set. We selected the variables for each PCa and csPCa risk calculation according to the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. The AUC of the final PCa model was 0.869 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.844–0.893), whereas that of the csPCa model was 0.945 (95% CI 0.927–0.963). The prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level, free PSA level, age, prostate volume (both the transitional zone and total), hypoechoic lesions on ultrasonography, and testosterone level were found to be important parameters in the PCa model. The number of previous biopsies was not associated with the risk of csPCa, but was negatively associated with the risk of PCa.ConclusionWe successfully developed and validated a decision‐supporting tool using XAI for calculating the probability of PCa and csPCa prior to prostate biopsy.
Pilot aerobic exercise intervention for youth at‐risk for serious mental illness
Authors: Corbett Syl , Farris Megan S. , MacQueen Glenda , Addington Jean 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted as a pilot exercise intervention in youth at‐risk for serious mental illness (SMI). The objectives were to examine the feasibility of an exercise intervention and to determine what improvement was observed, following participation in a moderate‐ to high‐intensity aerobic exercise programme.MethodsForty‐four male and female youth at‐risk for SMI were recruited. Participants completed clinical, lifestyle and fitness assessments prior to and following a 16‐week moderate‐ to high‐intensity aerobic exercise intervention. Sixty‐minute exercise sessions were held three times per week.ResultsForty‐one participants completed the entire intervention and assessments; thus, the retention rate was 93.2%. Exercise participants achieved a mean of 98.3 (standard deviation (SD) 26.1) minutes/week of high‐intensity and a mean of 32.8 (SD 8.7) minutes/week of moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise over the course of 16 weeks. Improvements in aerobic fitness and body composition as well as reductions in anxiety and depression were observed after the exercise intervention.ConclusionAerobic exercise is a feasible and sound intervention strategy in youth at‐risk for SMI. Further research is required to expand upon these initial findings and develop knowledge of the mechanisms, optimum dose and factors that influence the efficacy of exercise.
Cognitive insight in individuals with an at‐risk mental state for psychosis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Dondé Clément , Laprévote Vincent , Lavallé Layla , Haesebaert Frédéric , Fakra Eric , Brunelin Jerome 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo compare cognitive insight abilities measured with the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) between individuals with an at‐risk mental state (ARMS) and healthy controls.MethodReview and meta‐analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsA search for articles investigating cognitive insight in ARMS in the MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases revealed five studies including 303 ARMS and 376 controls. Regarding BCIS subscales, ARMS individuals displayed significant higher scores for self‐certainty than controls with a small‐to‐moderate effect size (ESg = 0.45 [0.23;0.67], P < .005), whereas no significant difference was observed for self‐reflectiveness (ESg = −0.56 [−0.18;1.29], P = .14). No significant differences were observed between ARMS and controls for overall cognitive insight abilities as indexed by the BCIS composite score (ESg = −0.24 [−0.43;0.91], P = .45).ConclusionsSelf‐certainty abnormalities seem to predate the expression of full‐blown psychotic episode and to be higher in ARMS than in healthy controls. By contrast, ARMS did not display abnormal self‐reflectiveness and overall cognitive insight abilities.
Screening of plants from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest led to the identification of Athenaea velutina (Solanaceae) as a novel source of antimetastatic agents
Authors: Almeida Alisson A. , Lima Graziela D. A. , Simão Marcos V. R. C. , Moreira Gabriela A. , Siqueira Raoni P. , Zanatta Ana C. , Vilegas Wagner , Machado‐Neves Mariana , Bressan Gustavo C. , Leite João P. V. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryPlant biodiversity is a source of potential natural products for the treatment of many diseases. One of the ways of discovering new drugs is through the cytotoxic screening of extract libraries. The present study evaluated 196 extracts prepared by maceration of Brazilian Atlantic Forest trees with organic solvents and distilled water for cytotoxic and antimetastatic activity. The MTT assay was used to screen the extract activity in MCF‐7, HepG2 and B16F10 cancer cells. The highest cytotoxic extract had antimetastatic activity, as determined in in vitro assays and melanoma murine model. The organic extract of the leaves of Athenaea velutina (EAv) significantly inhibited migration, adhesion, invasion and cell colony formation in B16F10 cells. The phenolic compounds and flavonoids in EAv were identified for the first time, using flow injection with electrospray negative ionization‐ion trap tandem mass spectrometry analysis (FIA‐ESI‐IT‐MSn). EAv markedly suppressed the development of pulmonary melanomas following the intravenous injection of melanoma cells to C57BL/6 mice. Stereological analysis of the spleen cross‐sections showed enlargement of the red pulp area after EAv treatment, which indicated the activation of the haematopoietic system. The treatment of melanoma‐bearing mice with EAv did not result in liver damage. In conclusion, these findings suggest that A velutina is a source of natural products with potent antimetastatic activity.
Severe trauma patients and nursing practice‐associated infections
Authors: Morales‐Cané Ignacio , López‐Soto Pablo J. , Valverde‐León María del Rocío , Moral‐Arroyo Juan Antonio , León‐López Rafael , Rodríguez‐Borrego María Aurora 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsOur study examined factors influencing the development of healthcare‐associated infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary hospital in southern Spain.BackgroundHealthcare‐associated infections are a frequent adverse event, significantly lengthening patient stays in the ICU. Nursing practice is a key factor in the infection control process.DesignA retrospective longitudinal study with two observation periods (admission and discharge) was performed in an ICU of a tertiary hospital.MethodsWe analysed patient records for those admitted to this unit coded as CIE 800‐959.9 from 2012 to 2016. Using binomial logistic regression analysis, we analysed factors associated with healthcare‐associated infections.ResultsWe analysed 375 records (men: 78.1%; average age: 46.63 years). Of these, 9.2% patients acquired a healthcare‐associated infection during their stay. Nursing practice‐related factors significantly associated with the development of infection were the number of days connected to mechanical ventilation and the number of days in the ICU.ConclusionHealthcare‐associated infections in patients with severe trauma admitted to the ICU are mainly associated with the management of invasive techniques. A multidisciplinary approach should focus on the review of action and care plans.
A mixed integer programming model and solution method for the operation of an integrated water supply system
Authors: Santos Maristela O. , Soler Edilaine M. , Furlan Marcos M. , Vieira José C.M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe problem addressed in this paper focuses on the reduction of electrical energy costs for the operation of hydraulic pumps, which are used for catchment and distribution of water in water supply systems. As the electricity tariffs are different according to the time of day, it is necessary to decide when and how many pumps must be used to collect and distribute water, in each period of time, and, when there must be water transfer among tanks so that the demand of each consumer center is met without a lack of resources. A mixed integer programming (MIP) model is proposed and a competitive MIP‐based heuristic is developed to solve this problem. Numerical tests in a case study carried out with the water supply system of a Brazilian city demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed mathematical model and solution method.