bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color and perspective in Late Classical painting
Authors: Walter-Karydi Elena 
Published: September 2020

The concept of a central perspective, as invented in the Early Renaissance, is unknown in ancient Greek painting. There is no visualization of space either in archaic images, where the figures stand on a continuous ground line, or in early classical ones, when a specific art of perspective (body perspective) is invented and the figures, in contrapposto postures, may stand on ground lines placed at various heights but are still not coordinated in size. Shortly after the middle of the 4th century, there appear new pictorial means: enhanced body perspective, often combined with a ground surface, viewed-from-below body perspective and color perspective. Even with these revolutionary innovations, no space as such comes into being in Greek painting; perspective appears only as applied to bodies.
A group of painted funerary monuments from Hellenistic Alexandria in the Metropolitan Museum of Art
Authors: Abramitis Dorothy H. , Abbe Mark B. 
Published: September 2020

Examination and scientific analysis have elucidated the well-preserved figural painting on a collection of limestone funerary stelai and loculus slabs from Alexandria, Egypt, dating from the late 4th to 3rd centuries B.C. This paper presents new information about the preparation, design, and technique of these paintings, which display a lead white ground preparation, both incised and black preliminary drawing, and a masterful elaborate multi-layered painting process to build up color. The paintings’ generally bright colorful palette employs a wide range of pigments attested elsewhere in the classical Greek palette, and features, notably, the extensive use of mimetite, a geologically rare yellow lead arsenate mineral, uncommon in Greek and Roman painting and unknown in earlier Pharaonic painting traditions.
Os verbos ‘ter’ e ‘haver’: variação e mudança na língua portuguesa no Brasil
Authors: Baronas Joyce Elaine de Almeida , Macedo Rebeca Louzada 
Published: September 2020

A língua, enquanto meio de interação social, participa da realidade humana modificando-se, constituindo novas formas e estruturas linguísticas do ambiente social. Estudos da Sociolinguística evidenciam a variação e as mudanças frequentes nas línguas. A partir desse viés teórico, o presente trabalho objetiva analisar a abordagem dos verbos ‘ter’ e ‘haver’ nas gramáticas normativas e descritivas. Para isto, foram analisadas as abordagens sobre esses verbos nas gramáticas de Rocha Lima (1974), Cunha (1982), Castilho (2010) e Perini (2010). O presente trabalho justifica-se pelo desejo de observar como as mudanças no uso desses verbos se refletiram nos compêndios gramaticais e, consequentemente, no ensino de Língua Portuguesa no Brasil. Dessa forma, a pesquisa caminhará entre os estudos sobre as mudanças linguísticas e a história do ensino de Língua Portuguesa no Brasil entrelaçada à concepção da língua enquanto fenômeno social e heterogêneo. Assim, a partir da realização desta pesquisa, foi possível verificar que, diferentemente das gramáticas normativas, as descritivas retratam as mudanças ocorridas no uso dos verbos ‘ter’ e ‘haver’.
Type II Cytokines Fine-Tune Thymic T Cell Selection to Offset Murine Central Nervous System Autoimmunity
Authors: Barik Subhasis , Cattin-Roy Alexis N. , Ukah Tobechukwu K. , Miller Mindy M. , Teixeiro Emma , Zaghouani Habib 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Early thymic progenitors (ETPs) are bone marrow–derived hematopoietic stem cells that remain multipotent and give rise to a variety of lineage-specific cells. Recently, we discovered a subset of murine ETPs that expresses the IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1 heteroreceptor (HR) and commits only to the myeloid lineage. This is because IL-4/IL-13 signaling through the HR inhibits their T cell potential and enacts commitment of HR+ETPs to thymic resident CD11c+CD8α+ dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we discovered that HR+-ETP–derived DCs function as APCs in the thymus and promote deletion of myelin-reactive T cells. Furthermore, this negative T cell selection function of HR+-ETP–derived DCs sustains protection against experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, a mouse model for human multiple sclerosis. These findings, while shedding light on the intricacies underlying ETP lineage commitment, reveal a novel, to our knowledge, function by which IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines condition thymic microenvironment to rheostat T cell selection and fine-tune central tolerance.
Genuine impact of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with contrast-enhanced computed tomography in clinching the diagnosis and follow-up response assessment of vascular graft infections
Authors: Sivathapandi Thangalakshmi , Amalachandran Jaykanth , Elangovan Indirani , Simon Shelley , Patel Asra ,   Nikita
Published: September 2020

AbstractVascular graft infection (VGI) is a rare and severe complication after vascular surgery associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but the diagnosis is not always straightforward due to its variable and nonspecific clinical signs. Computed tomography (CT) scan is considered to be the diagnostic tool of choice for advanced VGI, but there is a high incidence of false-negative results, especially in low-grade infections. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with contrast-enhanced CT (18F-FDG PET-CT) imaging can serve as an effective alternative tool for assessment of suspected VGI and also provide accurate anatomic localization of the infective focus. Here, we describe three cases of VGI with various clinical presentations where the site of infection was diagnosed, confirmed, and documented with the help of 18F-FDG PET-CT imaging.
Somatostatin receptor molecular imaging in a misdiagnosed gastrinoma case
Authors: Stolniceanu Cati , Grierosu Irena , Matovic Milovan , Stefanescu Cipriana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGastrin-secreting tumors, hypergastrinemia and severe ulcer disease form the trademarks of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES). We report a case of gastrinoma, in a patient who was misdiagnosed for almost five years. The case emphsizes the the special role of functional imaging in the personalized approach to the patient with suggestive symptomatology for NETs. Taking into account that in 80 to 100% of cases of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NETs are expressing somatostatin receptors, the functional imaging with radiolabeled somatostatin analogues can be used in order to improve its diagnosis, respectively the treatment of GEP NETs. In the approach to the patient with tremendous digestive symptomatology, physicians from different specialties should evaluate NETs specific markers and then insist on structural-functional complementarity, avoiding the waste of time and high cost of repeated structural investigations. The conclusion of our study is that functional imaging is mandatory in the diagnostic algorithm of gastrinoma.
Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor evidenced by 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography study in the staging of a high-risk prostate cancer patient
Authors: Braga Ribeiro André , Nascimento Thais , Lima Eduardo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPositron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) using 68Ga-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen (68Ga-PSMA) became an important tool in the prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis. Despite its high sensitivity and specificity, this method may produce false-positive findings, as indicated by previous studies. This case report aims to warn nuclear medicine physicians, oncologists, and urologists about the possibility of false-positive findings using this imaging modality, especially in patients who have already been diagnosed with other malignancies. A 69-year-old man, previously treated for an extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor (ESFT), underwent staging tests after a new diagnosis of high-risk PC. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging revealed an abnormal uptake in the prostate and in the right humerus. A biopsy was performed, and the pathology showed a lesion consisting of an ESFT metastasis. Diagnostic issues related to 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging should be disseminated to help physicians make appropriate treatment choices for each patient and avoid unnecessary procedures.
Variable features of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography–computed tomography scan in anorectal malignant melanoma: Case reports and review articles
Authors: Shah Digish 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAnorectal malignant melanoma (ARM) is a rare variant of malignant melanoma and even more rare among all anorectal cancers. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography–computed tomography (CT) scan is valuable in staging, restaging, treatment response evaluation, and long-term follow-up of malignant melanoma. Here, reporting two cases of anorectal melanoma with a variety of FDG uptake pattern and CT-based features and reviewed a few articles to evaluate the pattern of FDG uptake.
Oligometastasis to testis in prostate cancer: Role of gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography computed tomography
Authors: Gupta Manoj , Choudhury Partha , Rawal Sudhir , Singh Amitabh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAccurate staging and restaging with early detection of recurrent site is the key for planning treatment in patients of prostate cancer. Recently, gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography computed tomography (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT) has emerged as a better tool for this. Few uncommon sites of early metastasis can also be identified in addition to the other common sites. Herein, we present three cases of early metastasis to testis in prostate cancer identified on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT scan.
Outcomes following I-131 treatment with cumulative dose exceeding or equal to 600 mCi in differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients
Authors: Kaewput Chalermrat , Pusuwan Pawana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo evaluate treatment outcomes following radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment with a cumulative dose of ≥≥600 mCi in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients, a retrospective review of medical records was done in 176 DTC patients with a cumulative dose of ≥600 mCi from January 1993 to December 2013. All patients were followed up for at least 2 years after receiving 600 mCi of I-131 treatment. Remission criteria were no clinical and imaging evidence of disease and low serum thyroglobulin levels during thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression of <0.2 ng/ml or of <1 ng/ml after stimulation in the absence of interfering antibodies. A total of 176 patients were included in the study: 137 – papillary thyroid cancer, 29 – follicular thyroid cancer, 9 – mixed papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, and 1 – Hurthle cell carcinoma. Most of the patients (118, 67%) had locoregional metastasis, whereas 48 patients (27%) had distant metastases at presentation. The median cumulative dose was 900 mCi (range: 600–2200 mCi). The mean follow-up period was 82.84 ± 42.41 months. Only 16 patients (9.1%) met remission criteria at the end of treatment. The rest of patients (160, 90.9%) were not remitted: stable disease in 94 (53.4%), at least 1 metastasis without I-131 uptake in 34 (19.3%), progressive disease in 21 (11.9%), and death during the whole follow-up period in 11 (6.3%). Two patients (1.1%) developed second primary malignancy. Eighteen cases were suspected of bone marrow suppression (14 cases [7.9%] had anemia and 5 cases [2.8%] had neutropenia). Seven patients (3.9%) developed permanent salivary gland dysfunction. Although the complications after receiving RAI treatment with a cumulative dose of ≥≥600 mCi were low and not severe, the patients with remission were in <10%. Our study suggests that the decision to administer further treatments should be made on an individual basis because beneficial effects may be controversial.
Diagnostic value of sentinel lymph node scintigraphy and 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the detection of metastatic lymph nodes in patients with early-stage cervical cancer
Authors: Reyneke Florette , Snyman Leon , Lawal Ismaheel , Lengana Thabo , Vorster Mariza , Sathekge Mike 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCervical cancer is staged clinically using the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics staging system. Although lymph node status does not form part of the staging, it has important prognostic and potential therapeutic implications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of sentinel lymph node (SLN) scintigraphy and 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in detecting lymph node metastases in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Thirty-six patients with early-stage cervical cancer underwent SLN detection during primary operation. Of the 36 patients, 28 patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before surgery. The 18F-FDG PET/CT images were analyzed with the histopathological findings as the reference standard. The diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of nodal disease was reported in terms of accuracy value. The SLN detection rate was the highest (91.7%) using the combined method (lymphoscintigraphy, intraoperative gamma probe, and blue dye). Seven of the thirty-six patients had lymph node involvement (19.4%), of which five had preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. On overall patient-based analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT were 40.0%, 78.3%, 28.6%, 85.7%, and 71.4%, respectively. The combination of radiolabeled nanocolloid with blue dye is safe and reliable and allows successful detection of SLNs in patients with early-stage cervical cancer in a population with high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus. The specificity and NPV of 18F-FDG PET/CT are high and can be used in conjunction with SLN biopsy.
Benign uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in the gallbladder on positron emission tomography-computed tomography
Authors: Hussain Riffat , Nausheen Sadaf , Ahmed Naveed , Mahmood Tariq 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has been established as the indisputable tool in the oncological arena to diagnose, stage/restage, and report treatment response for various tumor malignancies. FDG uptake mostly identifies pathological uptake in oncological scans with the tracer on PET studies; however, benign uptakes are also commonly seen. Reported here is a benign case of increased uptake of the FDG on a PET with computed tomography scan in the gallbladder (GB) of a patient being screened for a known carcinoma breast. The benign accumulation of the tracer is seen in the GB to various degrees and this phenomenon may occur as a result of FDG excretion into the bile. When interpreting clinical PET images, recognition of this phenomenon is important to avoid misdiagnosing physiological GB FDG uptake as pathological so as to avoid misinterpretations of the findings.
Diagnosis of portal vein tumor thrombosis in colorectal carcinoma in fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography—computed tomography scan and its clinical implication
Authors: Shah Digish 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHypercoagulable state is seldom associated with colorectal carcinoma either in the form of bland thrombosis or tumor thrombosis (TT). Venous TT should not be overlooked while deciding treatment of colorectal cancer due to its propensity to complicate the disease in terms of morbidity and mortality even in favorable prognostic case of colorectal cancer. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography—contrast-enhanced computed tomography (FDG PET-CECT) scan has proven its role in staging of colorectal cancer and also to diagnose tumor venous thrombosis. Here, we are presenting a case of a 61-year-old male patient having adenocarcinoma of rectosigmoid colon, and on pretherapy FDG PET-CECT scan, he was found with portal vein TT and its related complication which is helpful for staging, treatment planning, and prognostication.
Vaginal Fibroma Presenting as a Paraurethral Mass Mimicking Cystocele: A case report
Authors: Bharati Sonu , Ganesh Danagl  , Shrestha Ranjana , Karki Aruna , Pradhan Hema Kumari , Bhattachan Kabin , Kunwar Ashok , Bajracharya Nishma , Tiwari Kenusha Devi , Maharjan Sunita 
Published: September 2020

Benign female paraurethral lesion encompasses a spectrum of entities that have significance in clinical urology. Fibromas are usually present in the uterus originating from the smooth muscles,however,vaginal fibroma is the extra uterine manifestation of leiomyoma. Here, we present a case of 45 years oldperimenopausalfemale, Para 6, living issues 6 who presented at our out-patientsdepartmentwith the complaint of mass growing in the vagina for 5 years but has increased in size for last 2 years. It has been associated with urinary symptoms, bleeding from mass and dyspareunia. General physical examinations were normal but on local examination mass arising from anterior vaginal wall mimicking cystocele with normal appearing external urethral meatus . However, her basic investigations including cystoscopy were normal. The tumor was surgically removed via myomectomy and its histopathology showed benign fibroma.
PUSAT PEMBINAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KESENIAN WAYANG DI BALI
Authors: Budiarta I Wayan , Tri Adiputra I Gusti Ngurah 
Published: September 2020

The existence of some puppets show in Bali are significantly marginalized at recently in the midst of any entertaiments growing up. There are a tendency that the puppets show are almoust going to be extinct, for an example Nongnong Kling Puppet at Paksa Bali Village, Klungkung regency. The sacred puppet show was able to be performed until 1988, because its group members are dispersed and there is only one senior dancer still remains. The similar condition was happened at custom village of Manggis, Manggis subdistrik at Karangasem regency. The village had ever possesed a Telek Puppet group at (Wayang Wong/Parwa) as a sacred dance for offering rites/piodalan the Pura Desa temple of Manggis custom village. Waning of the dance was caused by the lack interest of the successor generations (the youth prefer to work on tourism). Meanwhile, at Buduk custom village, Badung regency, there is a Cupak puppet tradition group that is closed to be vanished. Regarding with the extinction tendency of the puppet show group, so it needs establishing a facility as the centre for puppet coaching and developing in Bali. The research uses an inductive approach for constructing some concepts of designing and planning. The concepts were formulated from the intesection of some components, such as : the field observation result, the puppet expertise interview, the study of literatures , the comparative study, the study of some architectural standards and also the study of local government regulation. The designing and planning for the centre of puppet coaching and developing in Bali, in Gianyar regency, are used the basic concept as follwos : recreative, educative, creative and productive which means that the concepts are reformulated from : the functional approach, climate & environment and the social-cultural background. The architecture theme of Neo Vernacular applied in designing and planning for the centre of puppet coaching and developing in Bali, in Gianyar regency intend its façade/physical appearance can be in harmonious matter at the surrondings, but it still has a contemporary building impression. Because the Neo Vernacular architecture is an equivalent combination between the traditional architecture and modern one.
Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes among Patients with Tuberculosis in a Single North Indian Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Kodiatte Abraham , John Mary , Jacob Jubbin Jagan 
Published: September 2020

Background Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), though believed to be high among patients with tuberculosis (TB), remains unclear for the want of systematic studies and unequivocal methods of diagnosing DM. This study was done to determine the prevalence of prediabetes and DM in adult patients with TB. Methods This prospective study of one year's duration, carried out at a tertiary care centre included 313 consecutive adult patients diagnosed (either microbiologically, histologically or based on clinical presentation) with pulmonary or extrapulmonary TB. Those without a history of pre-existing DM were subjected to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 75 g glucose. Results In this cohort 85 (27%) patients had pre-existing DM. The remaining 228 patients not diagnosed earlier with DM underwent a 75 g OGTT, of which 63 (28%) were found to have newly detected prediabetes (impaired fasting glucose [IFG] and impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] alone in 36 and 10 patients respectively and both IFG and IGT in a further 17) and DM was diagnosed in 9 (4%) patients (fasting blood glucose [FBG] ≥ 126 mg/dl in 1 and both FBG ≥ 126 mg/dl and 2-h plasma blood glucose [PLBG] ≥ 200 mg/dl in 8 patients). The total prevalence of (newly diagnosed) DM and prediabetes, therefore, was 32% (72 patients); the overall prevalence of DM was 30% (94 patients). Conclusions This study found high prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among patients with TB. This underscores the need for a bidirectional screening strategy to improve diagnosis and outcome of both TB and DM.
Usefulness of a Workshop on Scientific Writing and Publication in Improving the Baseline Knowledge Deficit among Postgraduates
Authors: Goyal Mohit , Dua Amit , Kedia Arun Kumar , Misra Durga Prasanna , Santhanam Sham , Ravindran Vinod 
Published: September 2020

Background A well-written manuscript published in a reputable journal is the deserved end-point of good research. It is important for postgraduates to be trained in scientific writing for their academic progression as well as the advancement of science. Methods A day-long workshop on scientific writing and publication was conducted at Raipur, India in February 2020. The medical postgraduate (UK equivalent: Core Medical Trainee) participants were engaged with lectures, discussions and a practical session requiring critical appraisal of a manuscript. The lectures also discussed publication ethics and the perils of falling prey to predatory journals. Pre and post-workshop surveys were given to the participants to assess the impact of the workshop on the baseline knowledge of scientific writing and publishing. Results Out of 69 participants, there were 67 (response rate 97%) and 41 (response rate 59%) respondents to the pre and post-workshop surveys respectively. The former identified a lack of baseline knowledge ranging from 6% for determining the components of the individual sections of the manuscript such as Introduction or Methods, 40% for the use of acronyms, and 55% for knowledge of different referencing styles, to 61% for knowledge of indexing agencies. The post-workshop survey revealed improvement in participants’ knowledge of the contents of various sections of the manuscript and their knowledge about referencing styles and indexing agencies. In the post-workshop survey, 20% of respondents said that they would be open to engaging with predatory journals, which underscored the need to educate them continuously regarding the demerits of such practice. Participants expressed the need for longer workshops, preferably spread over two days, with discussion on research methodology and statistical analysis, and more ‘hands-on’ sessions. Conclusion This survey underscores the need for structured training in scientific writing. Its inclusion in the medical postgraduate curriculum appears desirable.