bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bother Associated with Climacturia After Radical Prostatectomy: Prevalence and Predictors
Authors: Salter Carolyn A. , Bach Phil Vu , Miranda Eduardo , Jenkins Lawrence C. , Benfante Nicole , Schofield Elizabeth , Nelson Christian J. , Mulhall John P. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Orgasm-associated incontinence, climacturia, is one of the lesser studied radical prostatectomy (RP) complications. Little is known about patient bother related to this condition, specifically, its prevalence and predictors.

Aim
To ascertain the prevalence and predictors of patient bother associated with climacturia.

Methods
Patients presenting for the evaluation of sexual dysfunction after RP at a single center were queried on various domains of sexual dysfunction. This included orgasmic dysfunction and sexual incontinence (including climacturia and arousal incontinence). Patients were specifically asked about the frequency and amount of climacturia. In addition, questions addressed patient bother and the perceived bother of their partners. Descriptive statistics were used for patient characteristics. A t-test was used for comparing the frequency of patient and partner bother, and the Pearson correlation test compared relationships between bother and predictors. Multivariable analysis was conducted to define predictors of climacturia-associated bother.

Main Outcome Measure
The main outcome measures was the prevalence and predictors of climacturia-associated patient bother and perceived partner bother.

Results
Climacturia was reported by 23% of 3,207 consecutive men analyzed. Bother of any degree was experienced by 45% of these patients, and 14% reported partner bother related to this condition. Patient bother was associated with perceived partner bother (P &lt; .001) and inversely correlated with relationship duration (P &lt; .001). The overall frequency and quantity of climacturia were also predictive (P &lt; .001 for both). In the adjusted model, all of these factors remained significant.

Clinical Implications
Given the prevalence of this condition and the bother associated with it, this complication should be discussed with patients preoperatively.

Strength & Limitations
Strengths include a large study population and specific questions on climacturia-associated bother. Limitations include the fact that it is a single-center study and no direct partner questioning occurred.

Conclusion
Climacturia and its associated bother are common after RP. The predictors of patient bother include perceived partner bother, shorter relationship duration, and increasing frequency and quantity of climacturia.
Elaborating dependent (co)pattern matching: No pattern left behind
Authors: COCKX JESPER , ABEL ANDREAS 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In a dependently typed language, we can guarantee correctness of our programmes by providing formal proofs. To check them, the typechecker elaborates these programs and proofs into a low-level core language. However, this core language is by nature hard to understand by mere humans, so how can we know we proved the right thing? This question occurs in particular for dependent copattern matching, a powerful language construct for writing programmes and proofs by dependent case analysis and mixed induction/coinduction. A definition by copattern matching consists of a list of clauses that are elaborated to a case tree, which can be further translated to primitive eliminators. In previous work this second step has received a lot of attention, but the first step has been mostly ignored so far. We present an algorithm elaborating definitions by dependent copattern matching to a core language with inductive data types, coinductive record types, an identity type, and constants defined by well-typed case trees. To ensure correctness, we prove that elaboration preserves the first-match semantics of the user clauses. Based on this theoretical work, we reimplement the algorithm used by Agda to check left-hand sides of definitions by pattern matching. The new implementation is at the same time more general and less complex, and fixes a number of bugs and usability issues with the old version. Thus, we take another step towards the formally verified implementation of a practical dependently typed language.
Secondary Flows and Vortex Structure Associated With Isolated and Interacting Barchan Dunes
Authors: Bristow N. R. , Blois G. , Best J. L. , Christensen K. T. 
Published: January 2020

The three‐dimensional, crescentic morphology of a barchan dune induces secondary flows and a complex vortex structure in its wake. In scenarios where barchans are in close proximity to each other, the flow modifications introduced by the wake of the upstream barchan are important for understanding the morphodynamics of the downstream barchan. The results herein detail the flow structure in a plane normal to the mean flow (cross‐plane) through stereo particle image velocimetry measurements in a refractive‐index‐matching flow facility, utilizing solid, fixed‐bed barchan models. Spatial distributions of streamwise‐oriented swirling motions and Reynolds shear stress components reveal distinct flow regimes in the wake region of an isolated barchan: flow downstream of the horn tips and flow in the separated shear layer closer to the centerline. Streamwise rollers appear downstream of the horns, and measurements upstream demonstrate their origin on the stoss side of the dune in the form of a horseshoe vortex. Flow downstream of the separated shear layer in the wake embodies features consistent with that of hairpin vortices shed from the arched crestline of the barchan. These structures constitute the induction of secondary flows in the flow that, in the case of barchans in close proximity with a lateral offset, are preferentially amplified in accordance with local topography. Further analysis reveals the spatial scales and turbulent stresses associated with these structures, which are discussed in the context of larger fields of bedforms and the formation of protodunes.
TGF-β1/IL-11/MEK/ERK signaling mediates senescence-associated pulmonary fibrosis in a stress-induced premature senescence model of Bmi-1 deficiency
Authors: Chen Haiyun , Chen Hongjie , Liang Jialong , Gu Xin , Zhou Jiawen , Xie Chunfeng , Lv Xianhui , Wang Rong , Li Qing , Mao Zhiyuan , Sun Haijian , Zuo Guoping , Miao Dengshun , Jin Jianliang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTo study whether TGF-β1/IL-11/MEK/ERK (TIME) signaling mediates senescence-associated pulmonary fibrosis (SAPF) in Bmi-1-deficient (Bmi-1−/−) mice and determines the major downstream mediator of Bmi-1 and crosstalk between p16INK4a and reactive oxygen species that regulates SAPF, phenotypes were compared among 7-week-old p16INK4a and Bmi-1 double-knockout, N-acetylcysteine (NAC)-treated Bmi-1−/−, Bmi-1−/−, and wild-type mice. Pulmonary fibroblasts and alveolar type II epithelial (AT2) cells were used for experiments. Human pulmonary tissues were tested for type Ι collagen, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), p16INK4a, p53, p21, and TIME signaling by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results demonstrated that Bmi-1 deficiency resulted in a shortened lifespan, ventilatory resistance, poor ventilatory compliance, and SAPF, including cell senescence, DNA damage, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype and collagen overdeposition that was mediated by the upregulation of TIME signaling. The signaling stimulated cell senescence, senescence-related secretion of TGF-β1 and IL-11 and production of collagen 1 by pulmonary fibroblasts and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of AT2 cells. These processes were inhibited by anti-IL-11 or the MEK inhibitor PD98059. NAC treatment prolonged the lifespan and ameliorated pulmonary dysfunction and SAPF by downregulating TIME signaling more than p16INK4a deletion by inhibiting oxidative stress and DNA damage and promoting ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of p16INK4a and p53. Cytoplasmic p16INK4a accumulation upregulated MEK/ERK signaling by inhibiting the translocation of pERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in senescent fibroblasts. The accumulation of collagen 1 and α-SMA in human lungs accompanied by cell senescence may be mediated by TIME signaling. Thus, this signaling in aging fibroblasts or AT2 cells could be a therapeutic target for preventing SAPF.
Biological impact of lead from halide perovskites reveals the risk of introducing a safe threshold
Authors: Li Junming , Cao Hai-Lei , Jiao Wen-Bin , Wang Qiong , Wei Mingdeng , Cantone Irene , Lü Jian , Abate Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRegulations currently in force enable to claim that the lead content in perovskite solar cells is low enough to be safe, or no more dangerous, than other electronics also containing lead. However, the actual environmental impact of lead from perovskite is unknown. Here we show that the lead from perovskite leaking into the ground can enter plants, and consequently the food cycle, ten times more effectively than other lead contaminants already present as the result of the human activities. We further demonstrate that replacing lead with tin represents an environmentally-safer option. Our data suggest that we need to treat the lead from perovskite with exceptional care. In particular, we point out that the safety level for lead content in perovskite-based needs to be lower than other lead-containing electronics. We encourage replacing lead completely with more inert metals to deliver safe perovskite technologies.
Reaction scope and mechanistic insights of nickel-catalyzed migratory Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling
Authors: Li Yuqiang , Luo Yixin , Peng Long , Li Yangyang , Zhao Binzhi , Wang Wang , Pang Hailiang , Deng Yi , Bai Ruopeng , Lan Yu , Yin Guoyin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCross-coupling reactions have developed into powerful approaches for carbon–carbon bond formation. In this work, a Ni-catalyzed migratory Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling featuring high benzylic or allylic selectivity has been developed. With this method, unactivated alkyl electrophiles and aryl or vinyl boronic acids can be efficiently transferred to diarylalkane or allylbenzene derivatives under mild conditions. Importantly, unactivated alkyl chlorides can also be successfully used as the coupling partners. To demonstrate the applicability of this method, we showcase that this strategy can serve as a platform for the synthesis of terminal, partially deuterium-labeled molecules from readily accessible starting materials. Experimental studies suggest that migratory cross-coupling products are generated from Ni(0/II) catalytic cycle. Theoretical calculations indicate that the chain-walking occurs at a neutral nickel complex rather than a cationic one. In addition, the original-site cross-coupling products can be obtained by alternating the ligand, wherein the formation of the products has been rationalized by a radical chain process.
Structural insight into small molecule action on Frizzleds
Authors: Kozielewicz Paweł , Turku Ainoleena , Bowin Carl-Fredrik , Petersen Julian , Valnohova Jana , Cañizal Maria Consuelo Alonso , Ono Yuki , Inoue Asuka , Hoffmann Carsten , Schulte Gunnar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWNT-Frizzled (FZD) signaling plays a critical role in embryonic development, stem cell regulation and tissue homeostasis. FZDs are linked to severe human pathology and are seen as a promising target for therapy. Despite intense efforts, no small molecule drugs with distinct efficacy have emerged. Here, we identify the Smoothened agonist SAG1.3 as a partial agonist of FZD6with limited subtype selectivity. Employing extensive in silico analysis, resonance energy transfer- and luciferase-based assays we describe the mode of action of SAG1.3. We define the ability of SAG1.3 to bind to FZD6and to induce conformational changes in the receptor, recruitment and activation of G proteins and dynamics in FZD–Dishevelled interaction. Our results provide the proof-of-principle that FZDs are targetable by small molecules acting on their seven transmembrane spanning core. Thus, we provide a starting point for a structure-guided and mechanism-based drug discovery process to exploit the potential of FZDs as therapeutic targets.
Understanding the friction of atomically thin layered materials
Authors: Andersson David , de Wijn Astrid S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFriction is a ubiquitous phenomenon that greatly affects our everyday lives and is responsible for large amounts of energy loss in industrialised societies. Layered materials such as graphene have interesting frictional properties and are often used as (additives to) lubricants to reduce friction and protect against wear. Experimental Atomic Force Microscopy studies and detailed simulations have shown a number of intriguing effects such as frictional strengthening and dependence of friction on the number of layers covering a surface. Here, we propose a simple, fundamental, model for friction on thin sheets. We use our model to explain a variety of seemingly contradictory experimental as well as numerical results. This model can serve as a basis for understanding friction on thin sheets, and opens up new possibilities for ultimately controlling their friction and wear protection.
A first principles method to determine speciation of carbonates in supercritical water
Authors: Pan Ding , Galli Giulia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe determination of the speciation of ions and molecules in supercritical aqueous fluids under pressure is critical to understanding their mass transport in the Earth’s interior. Unfortunately, there is no experimental technique yet available to directly characterize species dissolved in water at extreme conditions. Here we present a strategy, based on first-principles simulations, to determine ratios of Raman scattering cross-sections of aqueous species under extreme conditions, thus providing a key quantity that can be used, in conjunction with Raman measurements, to predict chemical speciation in aqueous fluids. Due to the importance of the Earth’s carbon cycle, we focus on carbonate and bicarbonate ions. Our calculations up to 11 GPa and 1000 K indicate a higher concentration of bicarbonates in water than previously considered at conditions relevant to the Earth’s upper mantle, with important implications for the transport of carbon in aqueous fluids in the Earth’s interior.
Synthesis of difluoromethylated allenes through trifunctionalization of 1,3-enynes
Authors: Taj Muhammad Munira , Jiao Yihang , Ye Changqing , Chiou Mong-Feng , Israr Muhammad , Zhu Xiaotao , Li Yajun , Wen Zhenhai , Studer Armido , Bao Hongli 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOrganofluorine compounds have shown their great value in many aspects. Moreover, allenes are also a class of important compounds. Fluorinated or fluoroalkylated allenes might provide an option as candidates for drug and material developments, as allenes allow a great number of valuable transformations. Herein, we report a metal-free synthesis of difluoromethylated allenes via regioselective trifunctionalization of 1,3-enynes. This method proceeds through double C–F bond formation with concomitant introduction of an amino group to the allene. Synthetic applications are conducted and preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that a two-step pathway is involved. DFT calculations revealed an unusual dibenzenesulfonimide-assisted fluorination/fluoroamination with NFSI. In addition, kinetic reaction study revealed the induction period of both major and side products to support the proposed reaction mechanism. This work offers a convenient approach for the synthesis of a range of difluoromethylated allenes and is also a rare example of trifunctionalization of 1,3-enynes.
Greenhouse gas emissions resulting from conversion of peat swamp forest to oil palm plantation
Authors: Cooper Hannah V. , Evers Stephanie , Aplin Paul , Crout Neil , Dahalan Mohd Puat Bin , Sjogersten Sofie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractConversion of tropical peat swamp forest to drainage-based agriculture alters greenhouse gas (GHG) production, but the magnitude of these changes remains highly uncertain. Current emissions factors for oil palm grown on drained peat do not account for temporal variation over the plantation cycle and only consider CO2 emissions. Here, we present direct measurements of GHGs emitted during the conversion from peat swamp forest to oil palm plantation, accounting for CH4 and N2O as well as CO2. Our results demonstrate that emissions factors for converted peat swamp forest is in the range 70–117 t CO2 eq ha−1 yr−1 (95% confidence interval, CI), with CO2 and N2O responsible for ca. 60 and ca. 40% of this value, respectively. These GHG emissions suggest that conversion of Southeast Asian peat swamp forest is contributing between 16.6 and 27.9% (95% CI) of combined total national GHG emissions from Malaysia and Indonesia or 0.44 and 0.74% (95% CI) of annual global emissions.
GOODD, a global dataset of more than 38,000 georeferenced dams
Authors: Mulligan Mark , van Soesbergen Arnout , Sáenz Leonardo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBy presenting the most comprehensive GlObal geOreferenced Database of Dams to date containing more than 38,000 dams as well as their associated catchments, we enable new and improved global analyses of the impact of dams on society and environment and the impact of environmental change (for example land use and climate change) on the catchments of dams. This paper presents the development of the global database through systematic digitisation of satellite imagery globally by a small team and highlights the various approaches to bias estimation and to validation of the data. The following datasets are provided (a) raw digitised coordinates for the location of dam walls (that may be useful for example in machine learning approaches to dam identification from imagery), (b) a global vector file of the watershed for each dam.
The Chieti Affective Action Videos database, a resource for the study of emotions in psychology
Authors: Di Crosta Adolfo , La Malva Pasquale , Manna Claudio , Marin Anna , Palumbo Rocco , Verrocchio Maria Cristina , Cortini Michela , Mammarella Nicola , Di Domenico Alberto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Chieti Affective Action Videos (CAAV) is a new database designed for the experimental study of emotions in psychology. The main goal of the CAAV is to provide a wide range of standardized stimuli based on two emotional dimensions: valence and arousal. The CAAV is the first database to present emotional stimuli through videos of actions filmed and developed specifically for experimental research. 444 young adults were recruited to evaluate this database, which consisted of a sub-set of 90 actions filmed in four versions, for a total of 360 videos. The four versions differ based on the gender of the main actor (male or female) and in the perspective in which each action was shot (first-person or third-person). CAAV validation procedure highlighted a distribution of different stimuli based on valence and arousal indexes. The material provided by CAAV can be used in future experimental studies investigating the role of emotions, perception, attention, and memory in addition to the study of differences between gender and perspective taking.
Enzyme activities during Benzo[a]pyrene degradation by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolated from a polluted soil
Authors: Cao Huimin , Wang Cuiping , Liu Haibin , Jia Weili , Sun Hongwen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe enzyme activities of the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae (L. theobromae) were studied during degradation of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). The L. theobromae was isolated from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated soil collected from the Beijing Coking Plant in China and can potentially use BaP as its sole carbon source with a degradation ratio of up to 53% over 10 days. The activities of lignin peroxidase (LiP) and laccase (LAC) could be detected during BaP biodegradation; while manganese peroxidase (MnP) was not detected. Both glucose and salicylic acid enhanced BaP biodegradation slightly. In contrast, the coexistence of phenanthrene (PHE) inhibited BaP degradation. These metabolic substrates all enhanced the secretion of LiP and LAC. The addition of Tween 80 (TW-80) enhanced BaP biodegradation as well as the LiP and LAC activities. At the same time, TW-80 was degraded by the L. theobromae. In addition, the L. theobromae was compared to Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium), which is a widely studied fungus for degrading PAH. P. chrysosporium was unable to use BaP as its sole carbon source. The activities of LiP and LAC produced by the P. chrysosporium were less than those of the L. theobromae. Additionally, the four intermediates formed in the BaP biodegradation process were monitored using GC-MS analysis. Four metabolite concentrations first increased and then decreased or obtained the platform with prolonged BaP biodegradation time. Therefore, this study shows that the L. theobromae may be explored as a new strain for removing PAHs from the environment.
Aerobic capacity predict skeletal but not cardiac muscle damage after triathlon – the Iron(WO)man study
Authors: Danielsson Tom , Carlsson Jörg , Siethoff Lasse ten , Ahnesjö Jonas , Bergman Patrick 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study examines the association between aerobic capacity and biomarkers of skeletal- and cardiac muscle damage among amateur triathletes after a full distance Ironman. Men and women (N = 55) were recruited from local sport clubs. One month before an Ironman triathlon, they conducted a 20 m shuttle run test to determine aerobic capacity. Blood samples were taken immediately after finishing the triathlon, and analyzed for cardiac Troponin T (cTnT), Myosin heavy chain-a (MHC-a), N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Creatin Kinas (CK), and Myoglobin. Regression models examining the association between the biomarkers and aerobic capacity expressed in both relative terms (mLO2*kg−1*min−1) and absolute terms (LO2*min−1) controlled for weight were fitted. A total of 39 subjects (26% females) had complete data and were included in the analysis. No association between aerobic capacity and cardiac muscle damage was observed. For myoglobin, adding aerobic capacity (mLO2*kg−1*min−1) increased the adjusted r2 from 0.026 to 0.210 (F: 8.927, p = 0.005) and for CK the adjusted r2 increased from -0.015 to 0.267 (F: 13.778, p = 0.001). In the models where aerobic capacity was entered in absolute terms the adjusted r2 increased from 0.07 to 0.227 (F: 10.386, p = 0.003) for myoglobin and for CK from -0.029 to 0.281 (F: 15.215, p < 0.001). A negative association between aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle damage was seen but despite the well-known cardio-protective health effect of high aerobic fitness, no such association could be observed in this study.