bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Bien sûr, les personnes âgées doivent en règle générale être interrogées en priorité. »
Authors: Charles-Dominique Luc 
Published: December 2024

« Bien sûr les personnes âgées doivent en règle générale être interrogées en priorité. » Ce précepte méthodologique, extrait d’un document publié par les Archives nationales en 1990, ne fait que prolonger les présupposés romantiques qui voyaient les anciens comme les ultimes dépositaires d’une mémoire en péril de disparition imminente. En France, depuis les années 1840, on s’est attaché à ne recueillir que la mémoire musicale des personnes les plus âgées appartenant à la « civilisation paysanne », instaurant ainsi une double forme d’isolat, socioculturel et générationnel. Les collecteurs du xixe siècle et d’une partie du siècle suivant n’avaient pas pour objectif de « reconstituer le répertoire complet d’un village », selon l’expression de Constantin Brăiloiu (1913-1953), ni encore moins d’étudier la pratique musicale globale d’une époque, toutes générations et milieux sociaux confondus. Les répertoires récents, d’importation, en vogue, ne les intéressaient pas. Seuls comptaient ceux marqués du sceau de l’autochtonie et de l’ancienneté. En réalité, les archives ainsi constituées ne témoignent que d’une certaine forme de culture musicale de la catégorie la plus âgée de la population. Elles ne doivent en aucun cas être considérées comme représentatives de l’ensemble d’une culture à une époque donnée. L’ethnomusicologue, l’historien, mais aussi le musicien et l’acteur culturel doivent donc faire preuve de la plus grande prudence pour une exploitation scientifique ou artistique de ces sources.
De l’apport du folk music revival au renouveau de l’accordéon diatonique en France et en Italie
Authors: Pinelli Raffaele 
Published: December 2024

La redécouverte de l’accordéon diatonique, « instrument paysan de l’âge industriel » selon les mots de Francesco Giannattasio, s’inscrit dans le sillage des mouvements revivalistes européens, notamment en France et en Italie. Grâce à l’initiative de certains musiciens et de quelques facteurs d’instruments des deux pays, l’instrument à soufflet a éveillé progressivement l’attention du public le plus large, passant d’un « prototype » destiné à l’exécution des répertoires de musiques de tradition orale à un instrument à part entière, qui a inspiré des musiques originales aujourd’hui composées à son intention. En examinant le chemin emprunté par cet instrument au cours des dernières décades, l’article aborde les faits et les processus interdynamiques entre certains musiciens et facteurs d’instruments qui ont conduit, après plusieurs décennies de production de faible intensité, tant à la reprise de sa facture instrumentale qu’au renouveau de son organologie et de ses répertoires.
Career adaptability as an instructional scaffold for career education in South African schools
Authors: Algra Marlene , Olivier Hermien 
Published: December 2024

Background: South African learners need more career preparation, as it provides a sense of control in the current economic climate of high unemployment, as confirmed by the business sector.Objective: The intentions of this study were to gain an understanding of the manner in which learners make use of career adaptability as a scaffold to prepare for the workplace, as well as the way African proverbs assist learners with thinking critically and deconstructing the career adaptability construct.Method: The study was an exploratory case study with 20 Grade 11 black African learners from an urban government secondary school in the Gauteng province, South Africa.Results: The study confirmed that scaffolding the career adaptability construct to career construction encouraged learners to think critically about their career planning strategies.Conclusion: The results demonstrated the extent to which the career adaptability construct functioned as a teaching scaffold during learners’ career preparation activities.Contribution: This study was undertaken to understand how learners plan for careers in the 21st-century world of work. The career adaptability construct was explicitly chosen to explore the potential possibilities for supporting learners and function as an instructional scaffold in the career path development process. The study can potentially add value to career education in all South African schools.
Opioid Prescribing Trends and Determinants in Saudi Emergency Rooms for Acute Pain: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Alsharari Abdulrahman Jadid , Hasan Hajar Ali , Althubaiti Aseel Fahad , Sulaiman Lama Mohammed , Aldosari Hamdan Saeed , Alqubaysi Atheer Ibrahim , Alrais Mmdoh Mohammad , Alqarni Ali Mohammed , Aleid Abbas Fadeil , Alessa Mohammed Yousef 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
With the global rise in musculoskeletal disorders, especially in emergency medical settings, concerns about opioid prescribing practices have intensified. This study, set in the unique cultural and healthcare context of Saudi Arabia, aims to comprehensively analyse the factors influencing opioid prescribing in emergency departments (EDs). By delving into the intricacies of how patient demographics, pain severity, healthcare provider backgrounds and situational factors impact these practices, the research seeks to fill a critical knowledge gap. It positions itself within the existing literature as a vital contribution to understanding and improving pain management strategies in acute care settings, with a focus on the judicious use of opioids.

Methods:
This study employed a cross-sectional design conducted across various regions of Saudi Arabia, spanning from August to October 2023. It included a representative sample of 2110 participants, comprising patients who had received opioids in EDs and healthcare providers involved in opioid prescribing. Participants were chosen using a convenience sampling technique. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires designed to capture comprehensive information on demographics, pain severity and prescribing behaviours. The collected data were analysed using SPSS 28.0, focusing on descriptive statistics to provide a clear picture of opioid prescribing patterns and the influencing factors.

Results:
The results of this study revealed a complex and varied landscape of opioid prescribing in Saudi EDs. Key findings highlighted the influence of patient demographics, with notable variations in prescribing practices based on factors such as age, gender and location. The severity of pain and the backgrounds of healthcare providers were also found to significantly affect prescribing decisions. These results demonstrate the diverse factors at play in opioid prescribing, suggesting a need for more individualised and context-aware pain management approaches in emergency medical settings.

Conclusion:
The study provides crucial insights into the nuanced nature of opioid prescribing in Saudi Arabian emergency rooms, emphasising the need for more informed and patient-specific approaches to pain management. The findings advocate for enhanced educational initiatives for healthcare providers and patients, aiming to standardise opioid prescribing practices and improve patient outcomes. This research significantly contributes to the field by offering a detailed understanding of the factors influencing opioid prescribing, thereby guiding future healthcare policies and clinical practices in the realm of acute pain management.
Identification of the bacterial phylotypes Bifidobacterium dentium, Actinomyces naeslundii, and Propionibacterium species in deep dental caries using fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Chandra M Athul , Pujar Madhu , Bhat Kishore G , Kumbhar Vijay , Bhatt Akanksha Ajay 
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives:
Dental caries is a progressive irreversible microbial disease. Different regions of the carious dentin contain different bacteria in various proportions. With the recent advent of new techniques in molecular biology, our understanding of the microbial agents associated with dental caries has grown tremendously. It is essential to identify and quantify the organisms from the diseased sites quickly and reliably. Fluorescent in situ hybridization is one such technique. Thus, the present study was aimed at estimating the prevalence of the bacteria Bifidobacterium
dentium, Actinomyces
naeslundii, and Propionibacterium in deep dental caries using FISH and comparing it with subgingival plaque samples.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 subjects were included in the study. Two samples were obtained from one patient leading to a total of 120 samples. Carious samples were obtained for the test group, and for the control group, a subgingival plaque sample was collected. The collected specimens of the test group were transported in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and the subgingival plaque samples in reduced transport fluid. The samples were then processed for assessing the prevalence of the bacteria using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

Results:
The results of the present study showed the presence of phylotypes B. dentium, A. naeslundii, and Propionibacterium species in deep dental caries. Although all the above-said phylotypes were present in deep dental caries, a statistically significant difference in the prevalence was only seen with respect to Propionibacterium species.

Conclusion:
FISH is a simple, quick, and versatile approach for bacterial identification and quantification. It also has a high sensitivity, allowing it to detect single bacterial cells. This method can be applied directly to clinical samples and utilized as a rapid diagnostic tool for detecting the presence of newer phylotypes in deep dental caries.
Identification of Anthocyanin Protein Targets in Neisseria gonorrhoeae through Virtual Molecular Docking and Protein Network Analysis
Authors: Nas John Sylvester B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Anthocyanins are naturally occurring compounds recognized for their antioxidant properties and potential therapeutic effects. While previous studies have documented their antibacterial activity, their impact on Neisseria gonorrhoeae has not been explored. This study aims to identify the primary protein targets of anthocyanins in N. gonorrhoeae and assess the implications of these interactions within the broader protein network.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We employed molecular docking studies to evaluate the binding affinities of various anthocyanins to key N. gonorrhoeae proteins involved in metabolism, protein degradation, and DNA/RNA modification. In addition, we analyzed protein-protein interactions and gene co-occurrence patterns to elucidate the functional significance of the identified protein targets.

RESULTS:
Our findings indicate that anthocyanins exhibit high binding affinities for bamE, a protein crucial for maintaining structural integrity and facilitating protein assembly. Network analysis further demonstrates bamE’s integration into a complex protein network, revealing conserved functional relationships across bacterial species. Notably, while direct co-expression of bamE with other proteins was not observed in N. gonorrhoeae, similar patterns in related bacteria suggest conserved regulatory mechanisms.

CONCLUSION:
The results of this study underscore the potential of anthocyanins to modulate bacterial protein interactions, particularly with bamE, thereby opening avenues for therapeutic interventions against bacterial infections. Further research is essential to fully elucidate these interactions and their implications for bacterial physiology and treatment strategies.
Unveiling Balantidium coli: A rare protozoan causing a series of cases of dysentery in Rajasthan and review of literature
Authors: Kataria S , Singla A , Sharma C 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Balantidium coli is the largest, uncommon, and only ciliate parasite that infects humans and is more common in tropics and subtropical regions. It is mostly asymptomatic, but can cause diarrhea and abdominal pain and sometimes leads to perforation of the colon. It is harbored in animals, particularly among pigs in hotter environments and monkeys in the jungles. If not treated on time, it may lead to perforation of the large intestine, peritonitis, appendicle involvement, etc. It is more common in immune-compromised individuals, particularly in those living in poor hygienic conditions. Retrieval of rare parasites was possible only because of prompt stool transport and its early processing. There are only few previous reports regarding the pediatric cases of balantidiasis, and there is a little information about its clinical signs and treatment. Here, we report a case series of B. coli infection presenting as an acute diarrheal disease from Rajasthan.
Assessment of Masseter Muscle Hardness by Ultrasound Elastography and Hardness Meter in Healthy Individuals – An Observational Study
Authors: Patil Deepa Jatti , Rathore Rajesh Kumar , Patel Ashutosh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Examining the masseter muscle is crucial in assessment of temporomandibular disorders, hypertrophy, and sports injuries. The study aims to assess the hardness of masseter muscle in normal adults by muscle hardness meter and ultrasound elastography.

Methodology:
Seventy healthy participants were included in the study. The thickness and muscle elasticity index (MEI) of masseter was conducted with the LOGIQ P9 machine by ultrasound elastography. A portable muscle hardness meter was utilized to quantify the stiffness of the masseter muscle. The data were subjected to statistical analysis. Paired sample t-test was used to compare the masseter muscle thickness with MEI. Pearson’s correlation was used to compare the masseter thickness, MEI, and muscle hardness meter values of masseter muscle.

Results:
The patients’ average age was 33.68 ± 12.68 years. The average values of muscle hardness meter are 0.80 ± 0.08 N and 0.79 ± 0.08 N, masseter thickness 1.03 ± 0.20 cm and 1.034 ± 0.26 cm, and MEI are 1.30 ± 0.30 and 1.32 ± 0.31, respectively, on right and left sides. The MEI values augmented with age bilaterally on both sides. Males had greater masseter muscle thickness in comparison to females. The comparison between hardness values of masseter obtained by hardness meter and MEI by ultrasound elastography and the masseter muscle thickness were assessed by Pearson’s correlation. Hardness meter and MEI association were 0.628, (moderately positive) with a P < 0.001.

Conclusion:
It was discovered that portable muscle hardness meters and ultrasound elastography are reliable indicators for determining the stiffness and thickness of the masseter muscle. This study provides reference values that can be used for further research.
A bibliometric analysis of inflammatory bowel disease research in the Arab world
Authors: AlMuhaidib Shadan , Bzeizi Khalid , AlAmeel Turki , Mosli Mahmoud , Khoja Basmah , Barakeh Duna , Alomaim Waleed S. , Alqahtani Saleh A. , Al-Bawardy Badr 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase worldwide, including in the Arab world. This study investigates IBD research output in Arab countries from 2009 to 2023, alongside prevalence and incidence trends.

Methods:
We utilized bibliometric analysis with data from Clarivate Analytics, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, and the World Bank. We compared the research output, citation impact, and funding across 22 Arab countries with global averages. Spearman’s correlation examined relationships between IBD publications and prevalence, incidence rates, gross domestic product (GDP), and population size.

Results:
Between 2009 and 2023, Arab countries produced 1004 IBD-related publications (2.9% of global output), with Saudi Arabia (37.7%) and Egypt (27.5%) being the leading countries. The median IBD incidence rose from 2.42 to 3.06 per 100,000, with the prevalence increasing from 28.93 to 33.95 per 100,000 from 2009 to 2019. Arab IBD research had a citation impact of 14.49 compared to the global average of 23.98. Funded research constituted 18.7% of Arab publications, lower than the global rate of 32.4%. We found positive correlations between IBD publication counts and prevalence (rs = 0.753), incidence rates (rs = 0.734), and GDP (rs = 0.782), all with P < 0.001. Population size showed a nonsignificant correlation (rs = 0.371, P = 0.090) with IBD publication counts.

Conclusions:
Arab nations contribute 2.9% of global IBD research, with lower citation impact and funding than the global average. Enhanced local support is crucial to improving research impact and addressing the rising prevalence of IBD in the Arab world.
Improved spectral projection estimates
Authors: Blair Matthew D. , Huang Xiaoqi , Sogge Christopher D. 
Published: December 2024

We obtain new improved spectral projection estimates on manifolds of non-positive curvature, including sharp ones for relatively large spectral windows for general tori. Our results are stronger than those in an earlier work of the first and third authors (2019), and the arguments have been greatly simplified. We more directly make use of pointwise estimates that are implicit in the work of Bérard (1977) and avoid the use of weak-type spaces that were used in the previous works by the first and third authors (2017, 2019). We also simplify and strengthen the bilinear arguments by exploiting the use of microlocal Kakeya–Nikodym

L^{2}\to L^{q_c}

-estimates and avoiding the use of

L^{2}\to L^{2}

ones as in earlier results. This allows us to prove new results for manifolds of negative curvature and some new sharp estimates for tori. We also have new and improved techniques in two dimensions for general manifolds of non-positive curvature.
Targeted gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of patients with gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Yang Yun-Chuan , Chen Zhi-Tao , Wan Da-Long , Tang Hui , Liu Mu-Lin 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) represents a subtype of gallbladder malignancies characterized by a low incidence, aggressive nature, and poor prognosis. Despite its clinical severity, the genetic alterations, mechanisms, and signaling pathways underlying gallbladder NEC remain unclear.
CASE SUMMARY
This case study presents a rare instance of primary gallbladder NEC in a 73-year-old female patient, who underwent a radical cholecystectomy with hepatic hilar lymphadenectomy and resection of liver segments IV-B and V. Targeted gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis tools, including STRING, GeneMANIA, Metascape, TRRUST, Sangerbox, cBioPortal and GSCA, were used to analyze the biological functions and features of mutated genes in gallbladder NEC. Twelve mutations (APC , ARID2 , IFNA6 , KEAP1 , RB1 , SMAD4 , TP53 , BTK , GATA1 , GNAS , and PRDM3 ) were identified, and the tumor mutation burden was determined to be 9.52 muts/Mb via targeted gene sequencing. A protein-protein interaction network showed significant interactions among the twelve mutated genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were used to assess mutation functions and pathways. The results revealed 40 tumor-related pathways. A key regulatory factor for gallbladder NEC-related genes was identified, and its biological functions and features were compared with those of gallbladder carcinoma.
CONCLUSION
Gallbladder NEC requires standardized treatment. Comparisons with other gallbladder carcinomas revealed clinical phenotypes, molecular alterations, functional characteristics, and enriched pathways.
Predictive value of a constructed artificial neural network model for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective study
Authors: Nong Hai-Yang , Cen Yong-Yi , Lu Shan-Jin , Huang Rui-Sui , Chen Qiong , Huang Li-Feng , Huang Jian-Ning , Wei Xue , Liu Man-Rong , Li Lin , Ding Ke 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a significant risk factor for recurrence and metastasis following hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surgery. Currently, there is a paucity of preoperative evaluation approaches for MVI.
AIM
To investigate the predictive value of texture features and radiological signs based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the non-invasive preoperative prediction of MVI in HCC.
METHODS
Clinical data from 97 HCC patients were retrospectively collected from January 2019 to July 2022 at our hospital. Patients were classified into two groups: MVI-positive (n = 57) and MVI-negative (n = 40), based on postoperative pathological results. The correlation between relevant radiological signs and MVI status was analyzed. MaZda4.6 software and the mutual information method were employed to identify the top 10 dominant texture features, which were combined with radiological signs to construct artificial neural network (ANN) models for MVI prediction. The predictive performance of the ANN models was evaluated using area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. ANN models with relatively high predictive performance were screened using the DeLong test, and the regression model of multilayer feedforward ANN with backpropagation and error backpropagation learning method was used to evaluate the models’ stability.
RESULTS
The absence of a pseudocapsule, an incomplete pseudocapsule, and the presence of tumor blood vessels were identified as independent predictors of HCC MVI. The ANN model constructed using the dominant features of the combined group (pseudocapsule status + tumor blood vessels + arterial phase + venous phase) demonstrated the best predictive performance for MVI status and was found to be automated, highly operable, and very stable.
CONCLUSION
The ANN model constructed using the dominant features of the combined group can be recommended as a non-invasive method for preoperative prediction of HCC MVI status.
Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase polymorphisms in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability: Experience from a single Italian institution
Authors: D'Amato Mariarosaria , Iengo Gennaro , Massa Nicola , Carlomagno Chiara 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND
Fluoropyrimidines are metabolized in the liver by the enzyme dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), encoded by the DPYD gene. About 7% of the European population is a carrier of DPYD gene polymorphisms associated with reduced DPD enzyme activity.
AIM
To assess the prevalence of DPYD polymorphisms and their impact on fluoropyrimidine tolerability in Italian patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.
METHODS
A total of 300 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy and treated with a fluoropyrimidine-based regimen were included in the analysis and divided into two cohorts: (1) 149 patients who started fluoropyrimidines after DPYD testing; and (2) 151 patients treated without DPYD testing. Among the patients in cohort A, 15% tested only the DPYD2A polymorphism, 19% tested four polymorphisms (DPYD 2A, HapB3, c.2846A>T, and DPYD 13), and 66% tested five polymorphisms including DPYD 6.
RESULTS
Overall, 14.8% of patients were found to be carriers of a DPYD variant, the most common being DPYD 6 (12.1%). Patients in cohort A reported ≥ G3 toxicities (P = 0.00098), particularly fewer nonhematological toxicities (P = 0.0028) compared with cohort B, whereas there was no statistically significant difference between the two cohorts in hematological toxicities (P = 0.6944). Significantly fewer chemotherapy dose reductions (P = 0.00002) were observed in cohort A compared to cohort B, whereas there was no statistically significant differences in chemotherapy delay.
CONCLUSION
Although this study had a limited sample size, it provides additional information on the prevalence of DPYD polymorphisms in the Italian population and highlights the role of pharmacogenetic testing to prevent severe toxicity.