bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation Analysis of The Thickness Effect Towards Mechanical Aspects in The Design of Centrifugal Pump Casing
Authors: Khor C.Y. , Nawi M.A.M. , Ikman Ishak Muhammad , Ooi Z.K. , Rosli M.U. , Ahmad Termizi S.N.A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The strength of the centrifugal pump is crucial to ensure the safe pump operating when endure to unintended pumping condition. The presence of the solid particles and sudden increase of pressure may lead to the damage on the casing of a centrifugal pump and it becomes critical when the thickness of the casing is thin. This study aims to investigate the effects of the thickness on the mechanical aspects such as stress, strain and displacement in the casing design by using finite element (FE) analysis. The structure of the pump casing with various thicknesses is analyzed via FE-based software. The correlation of the wall thickness with the mechanical aspects is studied. The critical region with high stress was spotted in the simulation. The simulation results revealed the wall thickness demonstrated a polynomial correlation to the displacement and strain. The stress of the casing showed the linear correlation with the thickness. The critical region was noticed at the intersection region of the pump casing. The mechanical aspects of the pump casing were improved with the increment of the wall thickness in the pump casing design.
Stress Intensity and Crack Pattern of Reinforced Concrete Beam Embedded With Lightning Protection Cable
Authors: Abdul Rahim Mustaqqim , Syazwani Karuddin Amirah , Ayob Afizah , Nur Aizat Ahmad Ahmad , Shahidan Shahiron , Salwa Mohd Zuki Sharifah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The reinforced concrete beam with lightning protection cable used in this research to determine the stress intensity and crack pattern of the beam. In this research, commercially available software developed by ANSYS used to model the nonlinear behaviour of reinforced concrete beams. The beam will model by using the ANSYS parametric design language (APDL). The beam structure was modelling in 3D geometry with the reinforcement steel bar and lightning cable embedded in the reinforced concrete beam structure. The material uses to develop the beam are Grade 30 concrete and high yield steel for main reinforcement. The material for lightning cable used was galvanized steel iron, which is highly resistance to corrosion and oxidation. The beam model in simply supported with pinned support at two end of beam and three-point load is applied. From the result beam added with lightning cable at bottom can sustain a higher stress intensity compare to the beam without additional lightning cable and beams without lightning cable have developed largest crack compared to the beam with lightning cable.
The Application of Coconut Fiber as Insulation Ceiling Board in Building Construction
Authors: Omar M F , Abdullah M A H , Rashid N A , Abdul Rani A L , Illias N.A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study considers the applications of natural fiber composites in affordable housing projects located in Malaysia with the goal of addressing issues of the thermal comfort. Roof thermal insulation is one of the effective methods that can save cooling energy in places with an equatorial climate especially in Malaysia. The use of recycled products or industrial waste materials is now a potential trend in the industry. Therefore, natural fiber was chosen as a material for the ceiling board in this study. During the day, heat can enter the room from the roof so that insulation material is needed to reduce heat flux by maintaining the temperature of the building. The problems faced by consumers are cost increases due to the use of large amounts of electricity. Besides, asbestos use becoming less frequent because the government has banned its use as a ceiling, side panels, roofing material, asbestos cement-pipes, many types of fireproof and insulation material. The objectives of this study was to determine the mechanical and physical properties of coconut fiber with fire retardant paint as a thermal comfort for ceiling board. The next objective is to study the percentage difference in sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride during the treatment of coconut fiber. The data result is that the fiber is ideal as an insulating material for the house ceiling board because it has a low temperature quality of 0.225W. The water absorption value was as high as 11.20% which is slightly lower than previous studies. Finally, the density test has a value of 74.23 kg / m3 where the fibers are lighter than the other fibers even after immersion with different sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride. In addition, this study achieved a house ceiling that could help reduce the heat entering the house by 0.225W which used only a thickness of 10mm. The use of these fibers does not need the thickness between 20 mm or 40 mm. Therefore, it successfully lowered home electricity consumption in hot weather. It was found that the difference in temperature drop between 0 % and 3 % was 0.4W.
The Effect of the Amylose/Amylopectin Contents of Starch on Porosity and Dielectric Properties of the Porous Hydroxyapatite/Starch Composites
Authors: Chong You Beh , Ee Meng Cheng , Abu Bakar Shahriman , Fazli Mohd Nasir Nashrul , Swee Kheng Eng , Shukry Abdul Majid Mohd , Ridzuan Mohd Jamir Mohd , Shing Fhan Khor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the amylose/amylopectin contents of starch on the porosity and dielectric properties of porous hydroxyapatite/starch composites. The porous hydroxyapatite/starch composites were prepared by utilizing the starches (rice, corn and potato starch) via gelatinization and retrogradation process. The complex permittivity of the porous hydroxyapatite/starch composites were evaluated in the frequency range of 12.4-18.0 GHz. The porous composites were exhibited the higher average porosity by using the starch with higher amylopectin content. The highly porous hydroxyapatite/starch composites with higher amylopectin content show the significant fluctuation peaks (at 13.8 and 16.6 GHz) and the higher imaginary part of the complex permittivity (ε′′) at higher frequency in the dielectric spectrum, respectively. The real (ε′) and imaginary part (ε′′) of the complex permittivity of the porous composites could be enhanced by increasing the average porosity and the amylopectin contents.
Numerical Simulation of Non-Newtonian Blood Flow through a Tapered Stenosed Artery using the Cross Model
Authors: Majekodunmi Joshua T , Anwar K , Abdullah N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A Non-Newtonian model is used to examine the effect of tapering on the flow of blood along a stenosed artery which is caused by the pulsating nature the heart. The constitutive equation of the Cross model is used to capture the rheology of the streaming blood which accounts for the shear thinning behaviour of blood. The flow is considered to be laminar, incompressible, and axisymmetric. The finite- difference scheme was adopted to solve the non-linear equations describing the fluid motion in an unsteady two-dimensional case. The computation is presented in terms of the axial and radial velocities, volumetric flow rate, resistance to flow and the wall shear stress. The result from the numerical simulation clearly indicates that vessel tapering has considerable effect on the flow pattern of blood: as the tapering angle increases the flow rate and the axial velocity increases proportionately while the radial velocity, wall shear stress decreases and resistance to flow.
Modelling of Piezoelectric Sensor with Different Materials Approach for Partial Discharge Detection on Power Transformer: PZT-5H, ZnO and AlN
Authors: Akashah N A , Rohani M N K H , Rosmi A S , Isa M , Ismail B , Khalid K N , Mustafa W A , Wooi C L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The acoustic emission (AE) technique is one of the unconventional methods of partial discharges (PDs) detection. It plays a most important role in oil-filled power transformers diagnostics because it enables the detection and online monitoring of PDs as well compared to the conventional method for PDs detection which are not suitable for on-site measurement due to electrical disturbance. In this paper, the acoustic based on piezoelectric sensor by different material is modelled in order to be able to obtain PDs signal occurred in power transformers. Modelling of a piezoelectric sensor with different material which is PZT-5H, ZnO, and AlN is approached in order to investigate the performance of resonant frequency, electric potential, and the performance in processing in order to match the range of AE detection. Piezoelectric materials have become very useful in processing devices because of their electrical-mechanical mutuality. Study was performed on frequency target of PDs should be higher and in the range of 10 kHz -300 kHz in order to prevent the power transformer from failure or breakdown and it has been found out by proven from analytical and simulation result by using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Based on this information, acoustic sensor is analyses with different types of cantilever beam and piezoelectric material and different length dimension of the beam in order to analyses the performance between them. Based on the result, the piezoelectric material that be chosen in this project is ZnO due to its high piezoelectric coupling and environmental friendly is used in order to support green technology compared to others material discussed which is harmful even though produced high performance. This detection method gave some improvement in monitoring system PD activities in the transformer’s tank.
Piezoelectric Sensor using PZT Material for Partial Discharge Detection on Power Transformer
Authors: Alleef Abd Jalil Muhammad , Shuhada Rosmi Afifah , Nur Khairul Hafizi Rohani Mohamad , Isa Muzamir , Nurul Auni Wan Mohammad Wan , Zaidi Abdullah Ahmad , Azani Mustafa Wan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of acoustic emission (AE) detection technique for partial discharge (PD) on power transformer using piezoelectric sensor. The AE PD detection technique using piezoelectric material is one of the popular method due to its low cost and compact size. A matching resonant frequency of AE sensor with PD signal which in range 10 kHz to 300 kHz is an important factor for this technique. An AE sensor that have a resonant frequency match with PD signal able to give an optimal performances. Therefore, a simulation on different dimensions of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) AE sensor using finite element method (FEM) is conducted in order to determine the performances in terms of resonant frequency, total displacement and generated voltage. The length of AE sensor is varied from 2 mm to 30 mm in order to reveal the influence of length dimension against generated voltage. Based on the obtained results, that 2 mm length of AE sensor able to generate voltage of 3.01 x10−5 mV at resonant frequency of 113.58 kHz which can be proposed toward PD detection on the power transformer.
Development of Highly Sensitive Interdigitated Electrode (IDEs) Biosensor to Determine Glucose Level using Saliva as Sample
Authors: Lam C J , Hashim U 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research focus on introducing an non invansive and highly sensitive interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) biosensor to measure the glucose level in human body by using saliva as sample. The IDE was fabricated using simple convention photolitography process and surface functionalization by using MWCNT. The result of the IDE undergoes physical characterization by using HPM,SEM and AFM, beside physical characterization electrical characterization was carried out. Difference concentration of reference glucose sample (10mM-1uM) was tested before using real biomolecule sample(saliva). Blood sample measurement was taken by using blood glucose meter and saliva was using IDEs. The result was taken and been compared. The blood and saliva sample was taken from a voluntary person every two hours starting from 10 am until 10 pm.
Electro-oxidation as Tertiary Treatment Techniques for Removal of Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Authors: Zulzikrami Azner Abidin Che , Muhammad Ridwan Fahmi , Haqi Ibrahim Abdul , Rosmady Rahmat Nazerry , Farah Mohamed Hussein Nur , Ahmad Razi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The production of palm oil, though, results in the generation of huge quantities of polluted wastewater normally referred as palm oil mill effluent (POME). It gives adverse impacts to the environment, particularly if it is not properly treated. POME are known to have various types of liquids, residual oil and suspended solid as it has very high strength waste in its untreated form. Although conventional biological processes are normally efficient for the degradation of pollutants occurring in wastewater, most of these compounds are not effectively removed. As a result, further treatment is needed to meet more stringent discharge standards of Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia. This research focused on treatment of POME by using electro-oxidation process (EO). It was done to identify the performance of EO process for colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), and Ammoniacal-nitrogen NH3-N) removal as well as the relative effects of different operational parameters such as pH, type of electrodes and contact time. The pH was varied between 3 and 11, using Ferum (Fe) and Aluminium (Al) electrode, and contact time from 0 to 120 min. The most suitable pH, contact time and type of electrode were pH 3, 120 min and Aluminium electrode, respectively. Therefore, EO process at specified level can be used as an efficient and effective post-treatment technology to meet the standard regulatory requirements.
Design and Analysis of Grass Cutting Machine By Using DFMA Method
Authors: Syaiyidah Mohamad Salikan Nur , Rosli M F , Nasyitah Mohammad Nor , Abd Rahim Irfan , Fadzly M K 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper describes about the implementation of redesign the component of grass cutting machine by using the application of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) methodology. The scope based on the existing grass cutting machine and the appropriate of DFMA methodology. The data was analysed by using Boothroyd-Dewhurst Design for Manufacture and Assembly method to verify the design efficiency, handling ratio and fitting ratio to achieve. The new proposed design of grass cutting machine drawn using CATIA V5 software based As a result, the assembly time for redesign showed an improvement of 18.68% where the assembly time was reduced from 568.84 s to 462.59 s and design efficiency was increased 8.33% from 24.40% to 34.70%. The total part, handling ratio fitting ratio and cost of existing design is reduced. Eventually, the improvement of redesign grass cutting machine the best design with optimal value is accomplished.
Design and Development of Pneumatic Air Engine using Linear Actuator
Authors: Fadzly M K , Maizaty R , Irfan A R , Rosli M F , Amarul T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A study was performed to produce a pneumatic air engine using two linear actuators and then the linear motion was converted to a rotating motion using a crank shaft. This study aims to increase the use of linear actuators in pneumatic air engines as well as to apply pressurized air as an efficient and convenient transportation mechanism in line with the development of technologies developed through products available in the market. Two units of linear actuator such as pneumatic cylinders with two units of 5/2 way directional control valve with double solenoid actuation are used to control the cylinder movement. The cylinder will rotate the crank shaft when receiving a signal from the solenoid valve with 5 bar air pressure. In conclusion, the system can travel up to 153 meters for a 24-liter air-pressure with 5 bar pressure when the test is run for a charging cycle by the compressor motor. If the compressor motor able to charge the compressor continuously, the movement distance can be increased.
Smart Air Quality Monitoring System Using Arduino Mega
Authors: Fadzly M K , Yiling  , Rosli M F , Amarul T. , Effendi M S M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Traditionally, pollution measurements are performed using expensive equipment at fixed locations or dedicated mobile equipment laboratories. The automatic air quality monitoring system using Arduino can save cost and easy to access. The project that we have undertaken has helped us gain a better perspective on various aspects related to our course of study as well as practical knowledge of electronic equipment and communication. Moreover, the project of air quality monitoring system has achieved to monitor and prevent the effect of high temperature and dusty air to the child and human just like the objective of the project needed. The project can detect the temperature and dust density and besides that it will send alert to the user when detecting the air quality is unhealthy. Furthermore, a project is design and develop air quality monitoring system using Arduino Mega which is to enhance safety affect such that even the minor eye irritation can make the user to lose his concentration and lead to serious accidents. Where the dust sensor and temperature able to detect hazy day that triggers buzzer to alert user to decrease the outdoor activities. Air quality is monitor for whole day at Ulu Pauh Putra by using this device and the data is recorded and make into a graph. The average dust density is 78.22ug/m3 and the range of dust density levels are about 68.07ug/m3 to 84.87ug/m3. By comparing the result to API reading show that air quality is moderate pollution that does not pose any bad effect on health. The testing of project was done for whole day is to verify the accuracy of the data. Moreover, it can help to avoid errors occur in the project. Focusing on the device produced, it detects high temperature and sense the dusty air immediately. Once the sensitivity is high, the buzzer module will active to alert user.
Remote data collecting for water meter (automatic meter reading) in high-rise building construction
Authors: Tuan Vo Anh , Tien Bui Quang , Van An Do  , Quang Le Hong , Bao Nguyen Quoc , Ngoc Huynh Thai , Vu Nguyen Le Nhat 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Managing water demand is a question that always concerns apartment management boards especially the number of meter readings, which faces many problems in terms of labor investment costs, time spent on manual reading is too long and not really effective. Currently the remote reading solution based on the principle of broadcasting and receiving radio waves is a trend in Ho Chi Minh City. This study aims to determine the performance of remote reading systems when applied on high-rise buildings. The objective of the study is to find out the scope of the activity or the best range of reading of radio waves in high-rise buildings. Methods of empirical survey and statistical data were collected in May, 2019. The results showed that the radius of the broadcasting range is about 16m-25m.
Strategies for developing tube houses in Vietnam within the framework of “smart city” concept
Authors: Tin Nguyen Van , Loan Nguyen Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The becoming of smart cities is an inevitable trend for future cities. Vietnam is in the rapid urbanization process facing many challenges. Smart cities require many criteria, in which providing a convenient living environment for citizens is the top priority. The current situation of urban housing in Vietnam shows a unique characteristic, in which tube houses occupy a large proportion and offer a low quality living environment. This type of construction will play a major role in smart cities. The objective of this paper is to determine the strategies for developing future tube houses within smart cities of Vietnam. Methods used in the paper include: data collection method, analytical – synthetical method and logical method. Results of the paper are shown using appropriate development strategies with necessary criteria and general architectural solutions. In addition, there will be two directions of design solutions: a) renovating of tube houses at existing residential areas and b) new construction of tube houses in new areas. The conclusion drawn from this article concerns designing and building tube houses within the framework of a “smart city” concept. These proposals must conform to practical requirements and should be implemented step by step to ensure sustainable development.
Reliability indicators of 10 kV cable lines in rural areas
Authors: Berdishev Abduraxim , Taslimov Abdurakhim , Melikuziev Bakhtiyor , Bijanov Alibi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on statistical data, the article analyzes and proposes a combination method for calculating the reliability indicators of power supply to agricultural consumers (equivalent duration of outages, frequency of failures and deliberate outages, recovery time) when using cable and overhead lines. It has been established that the reliability of rural cable lines is slightly higher than overhead and the use of cables in rural electric networks improves the reliability of power supply to consumers by eliminating failures, and also leads to an increase in the reliability of transformer substations by reducing the number of damage to transformers.
Processability of the device of exploited roofs with greening systems
Authors: Korol Elena , Shushunova Natalia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this research we provide the analysis of the modern green roof technological processes and operations. The traditional roofing technologies are not always suitable for operating roofs with greening systems. The use of green spaces on the coverings of buildings and structures during work is reflected in the process of forming the composition and sequence of technological processes and operations, as well as the selection of rational technological and organizational parameters. The installation of greening systems on roofing leads to an increase in the laboriousness and duration of the construction of buildings as a whole. The development and study of rational technological parameters in the construction of a multi-layer construction of roof with greening systems is aimed at reducing the additional labor costs associated with the construction of exploited roofs with greening systems.
The use of smart remote sensing technologies in the development of master plans of cities on the example of the city of Basra
Authors: Slepnev Mihail , Sherbena Elena , Al-qatrany A. C. D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to use remote sensing data for developing smart technology in oil cities, Basra city as study area. Smart city is one of smart technology governments need to implement in oil cities to give suitable solution for audience such as easy transportation access between cities. The planning problem in oil production areas of Iraq, which is carried out on the territories of the cities is the lack of balanced policies aimed at their development, taking into account on the one hand, areas disturbed by petroleum activities on the other areas of the existing development in the settlement in other hand. Urban use of the areas disturbed by oil production requires right science-based decisions associated with the development of quantitative methods of accounting and evaluation of territorial -construction resource (TCR) in a particular urban territory. Success smart city in Basra city needs hardware, software, remote sensing data and users, network and good understanding of how smart technology working on. This research defined the required steps and roles to develop smart city technology in Basra city as one of Iraqi oil cities territories.