bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with the Uptake of Immediate Postpartum Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices(PPIUCD) in Rwanda: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kanakuze Chris Adrien , Dan Kaye K , Musabirema Priscilla , Pascal Nkubito , Mbalinda Scovia Nalugo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Rwanda has a high unmet need for family planning which could be reduced by improving access to postpartum intrauterine contraceptives device (PPIUCD) insertion. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with the uptake of PPIUCD among postpartum women in Muhima Hospital.Methods: A concurrent mixed-method study was used. Three hundred eight three (383) immediate postpartum mothers, and 10 health services providers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews respectively. Logistics regression was done to assess for factors associated with PPIUCD uptake and thematic analysis was used for qualitative data.Results: The prevalence for PPIUCD use was 28.1%, women who had spontaneous vaginal delivery were more likely to take up PPIUCD (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 2.623, 95%CI=2.017-6.507 compared to those who had cesarean section; women who received PPIUCD counselling during the antenatal period were more likely to use PPIUCD ((AOR 2.072, 95%CI=1.018-4.218) as compared to those who didn’t receive any form of counselling; mothers who received spouse approval were more likely to use PPIUCD (AOR 2.591,95%CI= 1.485-4.492); as compared to those who didn’t receive any spousal approval; women who had more than one child were more likely to use PPIUCD (AOR =2.265, 95%CI=1.472-3.163) as compared to prime gravida; Mothers with birth to pregnancy interval less than two years were more likely to use PPIUCD (AOR =2.123, CI =1.477-2.706) as compared to those who had birth to pregnancy interval more than 2 years. From the qualitative findings, health education of mothers and partners on PPIUCD, training of health care providers, and availability of supplies to provide PPIUCD influenced the use of PPIUCD. Conclusion: The acceptability to use for PPIUCD was high in this population. PPIUCD uptake was associated with normal birth, PPIUCD counselling, spousal approval, parity, birth interval, level of education. Health education of mothers and partners on PPIUCD, training of health providers, and availability of supplies to provide PPIUCD influenced uptake of PPIUCD.
Febrile infants without respiratory symptoms or sick contacts: Are chest radiographs or RSV/influenza testing indicated?
Authors: Ozcan Ali , Laskowski Evelyn , Sahai Shashi , Levasseur Kelly 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Serious bacterial infection rates in febrile infants <60 days are about 8-11%. Less than 1% of febrile infants with no respiratory symptoms will have pneumonia however, chest radiography (CXR) rates remain between 30-60%. Rapid Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) and influenza (flu) testing is common, however, there is not enough data to determine if febrile infants without any respiratory symptoms should be tested. The goal of this study is to determine the rate of positive CXR and RSV/flu results in febrile infants with no respiratory symptoms and no sick contacts. Methods: Well-appearing febrile infants between 7-60 days of age who presented to the pediatric emergency department (PED) from September 1st, 2015 through October 30th, 2017 were enrolled. Demographic data, respiratory symptoms, CXR findings and RSV/flu results were collected. SAS statistical software was used for analysis. Results: 129 infants met enrollment criteria. Of the 129 infants, 58 (45.0%) had no respiratory symptoms and no sick contacts. Of these 58, 36 (62.1%) received a CXR and none of them had any abnormal findings, 48 (82.8%) had RSV/flu testing, no patients tested positive for RSV and only one patient tested positive for flu. Costs of CXR and RSV/flu testing for this cohort was $19,788. Conclusion: The absence of positive CXRs in this patient population reinforces the current recommendations that CXR is not indicated. The low incidence of RSV/flu indicate that routine testing may not be necessary in this population especially outside of the flu season. Reduced testing could decrease overall costs to the healthcare system as well as radiation exposure to this population.
Effectiveness of Electroacupuncture for Thin Endometrium in Infertile Women: Study Protocol for A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Fangyuan , Lu Hua , Wang Xinxin , Zhang Qi , Liu Qianchen , Wang Tong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Thin endometrium negatively impacts the reproductive function. Current treatments for thin endometrium do not always improve endometrial receptivity. Preliminary evidence suggests that electroacupuncture could have potential therapy for thin endometrium in infertile women. Thus, this randomized controlled trial was designed to test whether electroacupuncture can improve endometrial receptivity in infertile women with thin endometrium.Methods: This study is a randomized, single-blinded, controlled, clinical trial. A total of 142 eligible patients will be recruited and randomly assigned to the electroacupuncture (EA) group or the sham electroacupuncture (SEA) group in a 1:1 ratio. Participants will receive 36 sessions over three menstrual cycles (12 weeks in total), with the same acupoint prescription. The primary outcome of this trial is endometrial thickness in the midluteal phase. The secondary outcomes include endometrial pattern, resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of bilateral uterine artery and endometrium blood flow, serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P), and pregnancy rate. The pregnancy rate will be evaluated during a six-month follow-up after completion of the trial. All other outcomes will be evaluated before treatment, during the treatment of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd menstrual cycle, and 6 months after treatment.Discussion: If the outcome confirms the effectiveness of electroacupuncture for thin endometrium in infertile women, this treatment will be proposed for application in clinical practice.Trial registration: Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR2000029983. Registered on 18 February 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn
A novel approach for learning Ontology from Relational Database: From the construction to the evaluation
Authors: Mahria Bilal Ben , Chaker Ilham , Zahi Azeddine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of converting relational database into Ontology is to provide applications that are based on the semantic representation of the data. Whereas, representing the data using ontologies has shown to be a useful mechanism for managing and exchanging data. This is the reason why bridging the gap between relational databases and ontologies has attracted the interest of the ontology community from early years, and it is commonly referred to as the database-to-ontology mapping problem. In this paper, we: (1) propose a new life cycle for ontology learning from RDBs based on the software engineering requirements; (2) describe a new process for building ontology from Relational database based on the predefined life cycle; (3) add three new semantics that can be extracted from RDB;(4) we suggest an evaluation process based on two categories of metrics: (i) Conceptual Ontology (TBox) Evaluation metrics; (ii) Factual ontology (ABox) evaluation metrics.
Detection of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Mofrad Morvarid Golrokh , Sadigh Zohreh Azita , Ainechi Sanaz , Faghihloo Ebrahim 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The role of viruses as a cause of breast cancer (BC) have been significantly investigated in recent years. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been detected in invasive breast carcinomas, while most studies have only focused on the detection of viral DNA, we aimed to determine genotypes of the culprit HPV's. Methods: We collected and analyzed 70 Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) blocks including 59 BC samples, and 11 benign breast lesions as control from Iranian patients using nested PCR. Real-time PCR utilized as a confirming test to nested PCR findings. Genotyping of HPV positive samples was performed, the samples were also subjected to a multiplex PCR to detect herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex-2 (HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VZV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in BC.Results: Papillomavirus DNA was present in 7 of 59 BC samples (11.8%); while none was detected in control samples. The most prevalent type was HPV18, followed by HPV 6. No HPV16 genotype was detected .All HPV positive patients had high tumor grades (II/ III) with histologic diagnosis of ductal carcinoma. The patient age range was 33 to 73 years with median of 51 years. Most of HPV positive patients had low levels of education. Also 5 of 59 BC specimens (8.47%), were positive for HSV-1.Conclusions: Our results suggest a carcinogenesis role for High risk HPVs in breast tumors. Our findings of HPV6 and HSV1 genotypes in BC samples, propose a cancer causing role for low risk HPVs and herpes viruses. Further large scale studies are warranted to assess the significance of our findings.
Utilizing ultrasound findings of a single indicator joint to assess non-systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Huang Yung-Hsien , Hu Ya-Chiao , Liao Chun-Hua , Chiang Bor-Luen , Lu Cheng‐Hsun , Li Ko-Jen , Yang Yao-Hsu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) has been used worldwide in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but is beginning to play an increasing role in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The aim of this study was to investigate the application of MSUS findings of a single indicator joint in JIA to assess the disease activity and classify disease subtype.Methods: Thirty-five non-systemic JIA patients with a total of 62 visits were retrospectively recruited in this study. Among the involved joints, the joint with highest value of grey-scale (GS) plus power Doppler (PD) (=GSPD) was selected as the indicator joint at each visit. The correlations between each MSUS parameter (GS, PD, GSPD) of indicator joints and the Physician Global Assessment (PGA) score, the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire‐disability index (CHAQ-DI), and laboratory data were analyzed. The ultrasound features in different subtypes of JIA were also compared.Results: PD was weakly correlated with the PGA score (rho=0.323, p=0.010), while both GS and GSPD were moderately correlated with the PGA score (rho=0.405, p=0.001; rho=0.434, p=0.000). On the other hand, GS, PD, and GSPD were weakly correlated with CHAQ-DI. Although erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) had a weak correlation with PGA, they were not statistically correlated with GS, PD, or GSPD. The proportions of effusion, synovial hypertrophy, and enthesopathy in three different subtypes, showed significant differences (Fisher’s exact test, p=0.037; p=0.004; p=0.019). Enthesopathy was only seen in joints of enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA), but not in joints of polyarthritis and oligoarthritis.Conclusions: MSUS is an acceptable non-invasive tool for the patients with JIA, particularly for those with non-systemic JIA, that might assist disease classification, and whose parameters of the indicator joints may potentially contribute to the evaluation of disease activity.
Ensemble Flash Flood Predictions Using a High-Resolution Nationwide Distributed Rainfall-Runoff Model: Case Study of the Heavy Rain Event of July 2018 and Typhoon Hagibis in 2019
Authors: Sayama Takahiro , Yamada Masafumi , Sugawara Yoshito , Yamazaki Dai 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The heavy rain event of July 2018 and Typhoon Hagibis in October 2019 caused severe flash flood disasters in numerous parts of western and eastern Japan. Flash floods need to be predicted over a wide range with long forecasting lead time for effective evacuation. The predictability of flash floods caused by the two extreme events are investigated by using a high-resolution (~150 m) nationwide distributed rainfall-runoff model forced by ensemble precipitation forecasts with 39-h lead time. Results of the deterministic simulation at nowcasting mode with radar and gauge composite rainfall could reasonably simulate the storm runoff hydrographs at many dam reservoirs over western Japan for the case of heavy rainfall in 2018 (F18) with the default parameter setting. For the case of Typhoon Hagibis in 2019 (T19), a similar performance was obtained by incorporating unsaturated flow effect in the model applied to Kanto region. The performance of the ensemble forecast was evaluated based on the bias ratios and the relative operating characteristic curves, which suggested the higher predictability in peak runoff for T19. For the F18, the uncertainty arises due to the difficulty in accurately forecasting the storm positions by the frontal zone; as a result, the actual distribution of the peak runoff could not be well forecasted. Overall, this study showed that the predictability of flash floods was different between the two extreme events. The ensemble spreads contain quantitative information of predictive uncertainty, which can be utilized for the decision making of emergency responses against flash floods.
Cooperative Coverage Based Lifetime Prolongation for Microgrid Monitoring WSN in Smart Grid
Authors: Shao Sujie , Wu Lei , Zhang Qinghang , Zhang Neng , Wang Kaixuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To take full advantage of the flexibility of access and disconnection from smart grid, organizing distributed renewable energy resources in form of microgrid becomes one solution of energy replenishment in smart grid. A large amount of accurate and comprehensive information data are needed to be monitored by a variety of different types of sensors to guarantee the effective operation of this kind of microgrid. Energy consumption of microgrid monitoring WSN consequently becomes an issue. This paper presents a novel lifetime prolongation algorithm based on cooperative coverage of different types of sensors. Firstly, according to the requirements of monitoring business, the construction of cooperative coverage sets and connected monitoring WSN are discussed. Secondly, energy consumption is analyzed based on cooperative coverage. Finally, the cooperative coverage based lifetime prolongation algorithm (CC-LP) is proposed. Both the energy consumption balancing inside the cooperative coverage set and the switching scheduling between cooperative coverage sets are discussed. Then we draw into an improved ant colony optimization algorithm to calculate the switching scheduling. Simulation results show that this novel algorithm can effectively prolong the lifetime of monitoring WSN, especially in the monitoring area with a large deployed density of different types of sensors.
Knowledge of Dental Academics about the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Country Online Survey
Authors: Ammar Nour , Aly Nourhan M. , Folayan Morenike O. , Mohebbi Simin Z. , Attia Sameh , Howaldt Hans-Peter , Boettger Sebastian , Khader Yousef , Maharani Diah A. , Rahardjo Anton , Khan Imran , Madi Marwa , Shamala Anas , Al-Batayneh Ola B. , Rashwan Maher , Pavlic Verica , Cicmil Smiljka , Galluccio Gabriella , Polimeni Antonella , Mancino Davide , Arheiam Arheiam , Dama Mai A. , Nyan Myat , Phantumvanit Prathip , Kim Jin-Bom , Choi Youn-Hee , Castillo Jorge L. , Joury Easter , Abdelsalam Maha M. , Alkeshan Mohammad M. , Hussein Iyad , Vukovic Ana P. , Iandolo Alfredo , Kemoli Arthur M. , Tantawi Maha El 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a global pandemic affecting all aspects of life in all countries. We assessed COVID-19 knowledge and associated factors among dental academics in 26 countries. Methods: We invited dental academics to participate in a cross-sectional, multi-country, online survey from March to April 2020. The survey collected data on knowledge of COVID-19 regarding the mode of transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, protection, and dental treatment precautions as well as participants’ background variables. Multilevel linear models were used to assess the association between dental academics’ knowledge of COVID-19 and individual level (personal and professional) and country-level (number of COVID-19 cases/ million population) factors accounting for random variation among countries. Results: Two thousand forty-five academics participated in the survey (response rate 14.3%, with 54.7% female and 67% younger than 46 years of age). The mean (SD) knowledge percent score was 73.2 (11.2) %, and the score of knowledge of symptoms was significantly lower than the score of knowledge of diagnostic methods (53.1% and 85.4%; P< 0.0001). Knowledge score was significantly higher among those living with a partner/spouse than among those living alone (regression coefficient (B)= 0.48); higher among those with PhD degrees than among those with Bachelor of Dental Science degrees (B= 0.48); higher among those seeing 21 to 30 patients daily than among those seeing no patients (B= 0.65); and higher among those from countries with a higher number of COVID-19 cases/million population (B= 0.0007). Conclusions: Dental academics had poorer knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms than of COVID-19 diagnostic methods. Living arrangements, academic degrees, patient load, and magnitude of the epidemic in the country were associated with COVD-19 knowledge among dental academics. Training of dental academics on COVID-19 can be designed using these findings to recruit those with the greatest need.
Putative positive role of inflammatory genes in fat deposition supported by altered gene expression in purified human adipocytes and preadipocytes from lean and obese adipose tissues
Authors: Lee Sang-Hyeop , Choi Nak-Hyeon , Koh In-Uk , Kim Bong-Jo , Lee Song , Kim Song-Cheol , Choi Sun Shim 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease that is generally characterized by enhanced inflammation in obese adipose tissue (AT). Here, we investigated alterations in gene expression between lean and obese conditions using mRNA-Seq data derived from human purified adipocytes (ACs) and preadipocytes (preACs).Results Total mRNA-seq data were generated with 27 AC and 21 preAC samples purified from human visceral AT collected during resection surgery in cancer patients, where the samples were classified into lean and obese categories by BMI > 25 kg/m2. We defined four classes of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing gene expression between 1) lean and obese ACs, 2) lean and obese preACs, 3) lean ACs and lean preACs, and 4) obese ACs and obese preACs. Based on an analysis of comparison 1, numerous canonical obesity-related genes, particularly inflammatory genes including IL-6, TNF-a and IL-1b, i.e., the genes that are expected to be upregulated in obesity conditions, were found to be expressed at significantly lower levels in obese ACs than in lean ACs. In contrast, some inflammatory genes were found to be expressed at higher levels in obese preACs than lean preACs in the analysis of comparison 2. The analysis of comparisons 3 and 4 showed that inflammatory gene classes were expressed at higher levels in differentiated ACs than undifferentiated preACs under both lean and obese conditions; however, the degree of upregulation was significantly greater for lean than for obese conditions. We validated our observations using previously published microarray transcriptome data deposited in the GEO database (GSE80654).Conclusions Taken together, our analyses suggest that inflammatory genes are expressed at lower levels in obese ACs than in lean ACs because lean adipogenesis involves even greater enhancement of inflammatory responses than does obese adipogenesis.
Quarantine At Home May Not Enough!-From the Epidemiological Data In Shaanxi Province of China
Authors: Shi Lei , Li Qian , Li Kang , Zheng Jie , He Yingli , Zhang Xi , Gong Xianfeng , Wang Wei , Zhang Qing , Dai Chao , Zhao Wenxuan , Meng Xuefei , Du Feng , Fan Pei , Li Chunyan , Gao Chunyan , Yang Yuan , Liu Xiaojing , Chen Yunru , Liu Jinfeng , Li Jianzhou , Yang Nan , Niu Yinghua , Chen Hongmei , Zhang Guoyu , Yan Taotao , Zhu Li , Han Qunying , Fan Wanhu , Ye Feng , Liu Zhengwen , Lin Shumei , Zhao Yingren , Chen Tianyan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives : A pneumonia associated with 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, subsequently named SARS-CoV2) emerged worldwide since December, 2019. We aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Shaanxi province of China. Results: 1. Among the 245 patients, 132 (53.9%) were males and 113 (46.1%) were females. The average age was 46.15±16.43 years, ranging from 3 to 89 years. 2. For the clinical type, 1.63% (4/245) patients were mild type , 84.90% (208/245) were moderate type, 7.76% (19/245) were severe type, 5.31% (13/245) were critical type and only 0.41% (1/245) was asymptomatic. 3. Of the 245 patients, 116 (47.35%) were input case, 114 (46.53%) were non-input case , and 15 (6.12%) were unknown exposure. 4. 48.57% (119/245) cases were family cluster , involving 42 families. The most common pattern of COVID-19 family cluster was between husband and wife or between parents and children.
Low bone mineral density is a potential risk factor for symptom onset and related with hypocitraturia in urolithiasis patients: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Taguchi Kazumi , Hamamoto Shuzo , Okada Atsushi , Tanaka Yutaro , Sugino Teruaki , Unno Rei , Kato Taiki , Ando Ryosuke , Tozawa Keiichi , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with urolithiasis have a lower bone mineral density (BMD) than those without stones, suggesting a potential correlation between calcium stone formation and bone resorption disorders, including osteopenia and osteoporosis. Methods: To investigate the influence of BMD on clinical outcomes in urolithiasis, we performed a single-center retrospective cohort study to analyze patients with urolithiasis who underwent both BMD examination and 24-hour urine collection between 2006 and 2015. Data from the national cross-sectional surveillance of the Japanese Society on Urolithiasis Research in 2015 were utilized, and additional data related to urinary tract stones were obtained from medical records. The primary outcome was the development of stone-related symptoms and recurrences during follow-up. A total of 370 patients were included in this 10-year study period. Results: Half of the patients had recurrent stones, and the two-thirds were symptomatic stone formers. While only 9% of patients had hypercalciuria, 27% and 55% had hyperoxaluria and hypocitraturia, respectively. There was a positive correlation between T-scores and urinary citrate excretion. Both univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that female sex was associated with recurrences (odds ratio=0.44, p=0.007), whereas a T-score <−2.5 and hyperoxaluria were associated with symptoms (odds ratio=2.59, p=0.037; odds ratio=0.45, p=0.01; respectively). Conclusion: These results revealed that low T-scores might cause symptoms in patients with urolithiasis, suggesting the importance of BMD examination for high-risk Japanese patients with urolithiasis having hypocitraturia.