bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hormone-replacement therapy may be associated with increased incidence of luminal breast cancer: Results from a large-scale health maintenance organization (HMO) analysis.
Authors: Siegelmann-Danieli Nava , Rosenberg Vered , Bareket-Samish Avital , Chodick Gabriel , Shalev Varda 
Published: May 2020

e13599 Background: Trends in breast cancer (BC) incidence may be impacted by potentially competing variables (e.g., mammography rates, hormone-replacement therapy [HRT] use). Methods: This observational retrospective study examined trends/associations between BC incidence, mammography rates, and HRT use among female members of the Maccabi Healthcare Services (the second largest HMO in Israel).BC subtypes were determined based on therapies received by patients diagnosed after 2006 (following trastuzumab approval in the adjuvant setting). Results: Between 2002 and 2014, 14,092 BC cases (88% invasive, 12% in-situ) were identified. The age-adjusted incidence rate of invasive BC peaked in 2005, consistent with increased mammography screening that year, and decreased thereafter. HRT use among all female members aged≥45 years decreased from 13.2% in 2002 to 4.6% in 2014, consistent with the global trend after the Women's Health Initiative publication. Analysis by BC subtype involved 6,218 invasive BC patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2014 (luminal A, 47.5%; luminal B1 without human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] over-expression, 25.7%; luminal B2 with HER2 over-expression, 7.7%; estrogen receptor [ER]-negative/HER2+, 4.9%; triple negative, 8.3%; unknown, 6.0%). Overall, 75-86% of patients across all subtypes did not have any HRT exposure vs 14-25% who were current users (within 1 year before the BC diagnosis), recent users (within 2-5 years), or past users ( > 5 years). Current and recent use of HRT was statistically significantly higher in luminal BC vs ER-negative tumors: rates in luminal A/B1/B2, 15.3%/12.1%/11.1% vs ER-negative HER2+/triple-negative/unknown, 8.9%/9.7%/7.7% ( P< 0.001). In BC patients (≥45 years) with HRT exposure, the preparations used were estrogen plus progesterone (62%), estrogen alone (24%), and tibolone (14%). In non-BC cases (≥45 years), the respective values were similar: 61%, 26%, and 13%. Conclusions: HRT current/recent exposure may contribute to increased incidence of luminal BC tumors.
Prevalence of germline mutations in BRCA1/2 in patients from northeastern Brazil.
Authors: Picanço-Albuquerque Clarissa Gondim , Silva-Fernandes Isabelle Joyce de Lima , Bezerra Maria Júlia Barbosa , Luciano Maria Claudia dos Santos , Sant'Ana Rosane Oliveira , Silva Paulo Goberlanio de Barros , Lima Marcos Venício Alves 
Published: May 2020

e13603 Background: Identifying carriers of hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes (HCPS) improves prevention and treatment. However, due to the elevated cost of genetic testing, information on the prevalence and incidence of HCPS is scarce, depriving patients of assertive treatment―a scenario observed worldwide, especially in regions like Northeastern Brazil. In this study, we determined the prevalence of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) in patients from Ceará (Brazil) based on NCCN criteria. Methods: The patients (n = 267) were evaluated using NGS gene panels, while retrospective data were analyzed statistically with the chi-squared test, Fisher’s test and multinomial logistic regressions ( p< 0.05; SPSS 20.0). Results: BRCA1/2 was detected in 21.3% (57/267) of the sample, but BRCA1 was more prevalent than BRCA2 (70%; 40/57 vs 30%; 17/57) ( p< 0.001). Having two or more primary tumors ( p= 0.031) or primary ovarian cancer ( p= 0.029) was associated with the pathogenic mutation BRCA1/2. The latter was detected in patients with bilateral tumors (40%) and male breast cancer (45%), and in patients under 45 years (67%), with familial breast cancer (27%) and familial ovarian cancer (41%). In the multivariate analysis, the triple-negative phenotype was strongly associated with mutated BRCA1/2 ( p= 0.003). Conclusions: The prevalence of HBOC in our sample is compatible with rates reported worldwide. The study variables (bilaterality, male sex, age < 45 years, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, and triple-negative phenotype) reinforce the diagnostic criteria published by the NCCN.
Lung cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy toxicity in patients with HIV.
Authors: Mutetwa Tinaye , Marshall Deborah Catherine , Rehmani Sadiq , Polak Paz , Sigel Keith Magnus 
Published: May 2020

e13616 Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death for people living with HIV (PWH), and this group experiences lung cancer outcome disparities for unclear reasons. To better understand these disparities, we explored potential differences in adverse events since the start of chemotherapy, or radiation therapy (RT), among PWH with stage I-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Our matched case-cohort study used data from SEER-Medicare data on stage I-IIIA NSCLC diagnosed between 2000 and 2013. We identified 809 early stage NSCLC patients with HIV; 40 were treated with chemotherapy and 60 with RT. For each therapy type, a PWH case was matched, by age, sex, and cancer stage to 10 controls with no evidence of HIV infection. Outcome Measures: Acute severe chemotherapy or RT toxicity ascertained by a relevant inpatient diagnosis within 6 months of chemotherapy initiation or chronic toxicities from outpatient diagnostic codes within 24 months. We also evaluated overall (all-cause) and lung cancer-specific survival. Results: Among hematologic toxicities, PWH treated with chemotherapy were more than twice as likely to develop severe anemia [odds ratio [OR] = 2.3 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.2-4.6)]; but not neutropenia or thrombocytopenia (both p > 0.06). Among patients receiving chemotherapy, HIV was not associated with any other severe acute toxicities including fever, infection, nausea, renal dysfunction, and septicemia. For chronic complications, PWH had increased risk of neuropathy (OR 4.2; 95% CI: 1.3-13.6). Overall, HIV was associated with an increased count of chemotherapy complications seen per patient [p = 0.02]. PWH receiving chemotherapy had worse all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.4) and higher lung cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2-2.7) compared to uninfected persons after adjusting for treatment with surgery. In contrast, HIV was not significantly associated with severe RT complications (esophagitis, pneumonitis or hemoptysis), although all-cause mortality (HR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.0) and lung-cancer specific mortality (HR 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1-2.0) were higher among PWH receiving RT after adjusting for treatment with surgery. Conclusions: Antiretroviral-era PWH with early stage lung cancer experienced more frequent complications after chemotherapy but not radiotherapy compared to matched uninfected persons. These toxicities may have led to treatment alterations potentially contributing to outcome disparities seen in this high-risk group.
Lipid levels and survival after obesity-related cancer in the Women’s Health Initiative CVD biomarker cohort.
Authors: Hovsepyan Gayane , Lehman Amy , Thomson Cynthia A. , Iyengar Neil M. , Beebe-Dimmer Jennifer Lynn , Barac Ana , Shadyab Aladdin H. , Brasky Theodore , Saquib Nazmus , Wild Robert , Desai Pinkal , Caan Bette Jane , Simon Michael S. 
Published: May 2020

e13618 Background: Previous investigations have demonstrated an inconclusive relationship between lipid biomarkers and mortality after cancer. Methods: We used data from 2,279 postmenopausal women diagnosed with 13 obesity-related cancers, who were part of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) lipid biomarkers cohort, to evaluate the relationship between lipid levels measured at study entry prior to cancer diagnosis, and mortality after cancer. Baseline lipid measurements consisted of HDL-Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, and non-HDL-Cholesterol with ranges of measurement listed in the table. Obesity-related cancers included: meningioma, thyroid, adenocarcinoma of esophagus, breast, multiple myeloma, liver, kidney, gallbladder, stomach, uterus, pancreas, ovaries, and colorectal. The age adjusted relationship between baseline lipids and all-cause mortality as well as mortality due to cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models and Fine-Gray models, respectively. Results: The majority of women in the cohort had either desirable or acceptable lipid levels (86% HDL-C, 30% LDL-C and 61% non-HDL-C. Low vs. desirable HDL-C levels were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.48, 1.60], p <.001) and higher cancer mortality (sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR)1.9, 95% CI [1.51, 2.3], p <.001). High non-HDL-C vs desirable, was associated with higher all-cause mortality (HR 1.13, 95% CI [1.06, 1.21], p = .001) however no significant impact on cancer mortality (SHR 1.06, 95% CI [0.87, 1.30], p = 0.563). LDL-C levels demonstrated a more complex relationship with mortality, nevertheless, very high LDL-C levels were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.63, 95% CI,1.21-2.2, p = ,0.001) and cancer-specific mortality (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.22-2.63, p = 0.003). Conclusions: Elevated LDL-C and lower HDL-C may be associated with a lower risk of all-cause and cancer specific mortality in women diagnosed with obesity related cancers in the WHI. Results of multivariable adjustment for important predictors of mortality including race/ethnicity, medication use and other socio-demographic and clinical factors will be presented. [Table: see text]
Cancer site distribution in district hospital in central India.
Authors: Pendharkar Dinesh , Tripathi Chandramauli 
Published: May 2020

e13627 Background: Many state governments have started district cancer care program to offer cancer services in district general hospitals. These places are most frequented by every level of population. The access is free, close to their residence and has an equitable atmosphere. The program created de-facto registry of local cancer patients. We, here analyze trends of various types of cancer in one such hospital of central India. Methods: All patients reporting to this unit for various support in cancer are registered with unique id. The registry takes their local residential details and details of the medical history related to cancer. They are offered support all through their journey of cancer from diagnostics to end of life care, palliative care. Data of 2014-2019 are analysed from District Ujjain in central India. Results: Total of 3562 patients were registered with proven diagnosis of cancer. There were 1805 male (50.7%) and 1757 females (49.3%.In female group age varied between 2to 97 years, with a mean of 51.41 and median age of 50 years. In male group,the age ranged between 1 to 92, with mean age of 53.46 and median of 55 years. The five commonest cancer amongst female included breast, head and neck, ovary, cervix and lung. In males the commonest five were-Head and neck, lung, prostate, oesophagus and colo-rectal (Table). The group of head and neck cancer include all sites of the head and neck area together. Conclusions: The pattern of cancer in districts is giving new geopathological information. It is clear that tobacco related cancer predominates in male and female both, but breast cancer is number one even in a relatively rural area. In female ovary is increasing and cervix is coming down compared to national data.In view of governments putting in extensive pressure on early detection schemes in India,this data is extremely important. Based on these realistic data, the strategy may be changed for the district. [Table: see text]
Identifying the most vulnerable areas for the occurrence of new cases and deaths related to cervical cancer in the city of Recife, Brazil: See to act.
Authors: Telles O Lima Jurema , Santos Candice Lima , Azevedo Carla Rameri Alexandre Silva De , Katz Leticia , Lopes Andréa , Pinto Rodrigo alves , Sales Mozart j t 
Published: May 2020

e13628 Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most incident and the most deadly among women from the Northeast’S Brazil and RECIFE-Pernambuco and the third most incident in Brazil. The occurrence of CC expresses a reality of inequality and inequity and should be understood not only as an oncological indicator, but essentially as an indicator of social vulnerability and health care needs. Its distribution occurs heterogeneously. Methods: Determine the geolocation of areas of greatest risk of occurrence of SC from the social and health determinants Considering the high incidence and mortality related to cervical cancer between 2006-2015, in the city of Recife, we used the spatialization technique to identify the most vulnerable territories for our intervention in the city of Recife. Results: 3,844 Cervical Cancer notifications AND 276 OBITUATIONS registered in the period 2006-2015 and the number of deaths in the period from 2009 to 2018, as a result, there are five areas of high influence. from spatialization, the heat zone generated by the 47 deaths that occurred in the north of the city of Recife WAS DETERMANED. Regarding the cytopathological supply, the ratio in 2018 was 0.37, being below the state average, which is 0.41. With a deficit of 45,041 screening cytopathological exams in the age group 25-64 years.the III Health Region was identified, based on the analysis of information from the State Health Secretary, which shows to be one of the areas of great social vulnerability, since 63% of the 22 municipalities that make up this health region and its population is in extreme poverty, according to IBGE (2010). Conclusions: The occurrence of deaths and new cases of cervical cancer in the city of Recife occurs geographically unequally and is associated with indicators of social vulnerability. IS IT POSSIBLE to identify a priority region to intensify public actions for prevention and early diagnosis. A challenging scenario has been found and must be actively addressed.
The spectrum of cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs): An observational study in a single institution from 2015-2019.
Authors: Goh Wei Lin , Hong Jiancheng , Wong Evelyn , Wong Victoria , Quah Daniel , Tan Yee Pin , Tan Yung Ying , Chan Selene , Chan Jason Yongsheng , Somasundaram Nagavalli , Harunal Rashid Mohamad Farid Rin , Poon Eileen Yi Ling 
Published: May 2020

e13629 Background: Cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAOs) refers to patients diagnosed with a malignancy between 16 and 39 years old. This is thought to be 5% in the Western population. The exact incidence and distribution in Asia is uncertain although the WHO estimated 650 000 AYAs to be newly diagnosed in this part of the world in 2018. There is limited data on the incidence and epidemiology on AYAs in Asia, but it is known from the western literature that the distribution of cancer types, clinico-pathological features and outcomes in this population is very different. We therefore, sought to evaluate the pattern of cancer types among the different age groups of the AYA population seen in a high-volume single Asian tertiary cancer centre. Methods: We undertook a retrospective observational study of all patients diagnosed with cancer between 16 and 39 years old who presented to the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS) from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. Results: A total of 2583 cases was observed during the 5-year period. The male: female ratio was 1:1.75. The majority of the patients were between of 35-39 years (y) ( n= 1128, 44.0%). The most common cancer across the different age groups in females were sarcoma (16-19 y), hematologic malignancies (20-24 y) and breast cancer (25-29 y, 30-34 y and 35-39 y). The most common cancer across the different age groups in males were hematologic malignancies (16-19 y), germ cell tumours (20-24 y), germ cell tumours, hematologic malignancies and sarcoma (25-29 y), hematologic malignancies (30-34 y) and colorectal cancers (35-39 y). The majority of the patients presented were localized disease (38.3%), while 19.4% presented with lymphatic involvement. Amongst 507 (19.6%) patients presenting with metastatic disease, 126 patients have deceased. Conclusions: This population has unique characteristics compared to their geriatric and pediatric counterparts. With an increased incidence and expected longer survivals, more efforts are needed to better understand the clinicopathological features of the AYA population. This will enable us to better survival rates and long-term treatment outcomes.
Landscape of IDH mutations in patients with solid tumors: A pan-cancer analysis.
Authors: Guan Xiaoxiang , Zhu Hong , Zhang Junling , Yuan Kai , Shen Dong , Zhao Jing , Zhao Zhengyi , Cui Longgang , Zhang Yuzi , Wang Guoqiang , Cai Shangli , Bai Yuezong 
Published: May 2020

e13638 Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is an enzyme family involved in cell aerobic metabolism of tricarboxylic acid cycle, including IDH1-3. Mutations in IDH family are common in glioma and hematologic malignancies. IDH inhibitors have shown promising efficacy not only in hematologic malignancies but also cholangiocarcinoma patients harboring IDH1 mutations. However, the landscape of IDH mutations in pan-cancer has not been fully characterized. Methods: Tissue or blood samples were subjected to NGS in a College of American Pathologists-certified and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-accredited lab for detection the IDH mutation. Results: A total of 12,372 patients from more than 20 solid tumor species were analyzed, including biliary carcinoma (960 cases), liver cancer (1433 cases), lung cancer (3557 cases) and colorectal cancer (1310 cases). 105 cases (0.8%) with IDH mutations were identified. The average age for patients harboring IDH mutations was 59 years (range, 29-80 years). Among all the IDH mutations cases, 49 (47%) were biliary tract cancer, 25 (24%) were liver cancer, 16 (15%) were lung cancer and 7 (7%) were colorectal cancer. The most common IDH variant were IDH1 and IDH2 which were discovered in 84 cases and 21 cases, respectively. IDH1 R132C mutation represents 45.7% (n = 48) of all IDH mutations. Other mutations found affecting either IDH1 at Arg132 included R132L (n = 24), R132G (n = 5), R132H (n = 5) and R132S (n = 2) or IDH2 at Arg172 (R172K most frequently). In addition, IDH1/2 gene was most frequently co-mutated with TP53 and ARID1A. Conclusions: Somatic IDH1/2 mutations are found in multiple solid tumors and patients with IDH1/2 mutations may benefit from IDH1/2 inhibitors in the future.
Association of rs7372209 single nucleotide polymorphism in gene for miRNA-26a-1 with tumor localization and disease outcome in patients with colorectal cancer from Bulgaria.
Authors: Mihaylova Galya , Ivanova Desislava , Tasinov Oscan , Nazifova-Tasinova Neshe , Petrova Veneta , Pavlov Pavel , Manev Rostislav , Mirchev Milko , Conev Nikolay Vladimirov , Mihaylova Zhasmina , Donev Ivan , Radanova Maria 
Published: May 2020

e13656 Background: A retrospective study was carried out to investigate the association of functional rs7372209 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 5'- region of pri-miRNA- 26a1 gene with a risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Bulgarian population, to evaluate its role as a potential prognostic or predictive biomarker for the disease and to studied its affection on the expression of miRNA-26a-1 in patients with CRC. Methods: 101 patients with colorectal metastatic disease and 90 healthy volunteers, all Caucasians from Bulgaria, were genotyped for rs7372209 SNP by qPCR method. The expression levels of miRNA-26a in sera also have been determined. U6 was used as endogenous constitutively expressed control. Relative gene expression was calculated using 2−∆∆Ct method. Results: TT genotype in rs7372209 SNP was significantly overrepresented in CRC patients with right-sided colon cancer when compared with CRC patients with left-sided colon cancer, and rectal cancer (33% vs. 8%, OR = 6.13, 95% CI: 1.56–23.97, p = 0.009). Patients with TT genotype in rs7372209 SNP had significantly (p = 0.041) longer mean overall survival (OS) of 26 months (95% CI: 21.76–34.18) as compared to those with CT and CC genotypes – 19 months (95% CI: 16.43–22.20). Expression levels of miR-26a in sera were significantly higher in CRC patients compared to healthy volunteers. The ROC analysis revealed that miR-26a can effectively discriminate between CRC patients and the healthy volunteers (AUC = 0.830, 95% CI: 0.77–0.89, p < 0.001). Patients with TT genotype in rs7372209 SNP had a numeric lower mean level of miR-26a-1 – 4.702 in comparison with patients that harboring CT or CC genotype – 6.507. Conclusions: Our data suggest that high serum levels of miR-26a-1 are potentially useful as a diagnostic biomarker for CRC. Although, that patients with ТТ genotype had often more aggressive right-sided colon cancer they had longer mean overall survival than patients harboring CT or CC genotype of rs7372209.
Landscape of germline mutations in 1144 patients (Pts) with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.
Authors: Salem Mohamed E. , Amacker-North Lisa , Gleason Mariah , Athens Aly , Worrilow William Mills , McNeely Lindsay , Broyhill Katherine , Puccini Alberto , Kim Edward S. , Elrefai Sara 
Published: May 2020

e13660 Background: The efficacy of PARP inhibitors in germline BRCA-mutated pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) and immune checkpoint inhibitors in dMMR colorectal cancer (CRC) shows the importance of genetic testing. We aimed to characterize the frequency of pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline variants (PLPVs) in GI cancer pts. Methods: A retrospective review of pts referred to the Levine Cancer Institute Genetics Program was conducted. Genetic testing used a focused hereditary cancer 4-43 gene panel or pan-cancer 82-84 gene panel. Results: Out of 1144 GI cancer pts seen between 2010 and 2019, 869 underwent germline testing, and 199 (23%) pts had at least one PLPV in a hereditary cancer susceptibility gene, while 253 (29.3%) had a variant of uncertain significance. Of 630 CRC pts, 24% had a PLPV and 13% harbored a germline mutation in DNA MMR genes and were diagnosed with Lynch Syndrome, representing ~50% of all pts with a PLPV. Other germline PLPVs were found in APC, ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, MUTYH, and PALB2. Of 163 PC pts, 16.6% had a PLPV in ATM, BRCA2, CDKN2A, and MEN1. Gastric cancer pts (17%) had germline PLPVs in APC, BRCA2, CDH1, MLH1, and MSH2; biliary cancer pts (17%) had germline PLPVs in PALB2, RAD50, and PTCH1; and GIST pts (60%) had PLPVs in SDHA or SDHB. Conclusions: Germline mutations were found in 23% of GI cancer pts, underlining the importance of multigene germline testing. Knowledge of inherited GI cancer risk helps determine the likelihood of benefit from possible specific targeted therapies. Genetic testing and counseling pose a challenge, but implications for pts with hereditary syndromes are highly significant. [Table: see text]