bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selbukassa - A Case Study for Aiming at Low Emission Buildings through Extensive Reuse of Materials
Authors: Plavina A , Gruner M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recent reports from UN International Resource Panel call for double decoupling – decoupling of material use and related environmental impacts from economic growth. The construction and use of buildings constitute a significant portion of energy use, GHG emissions and extraction of materials in Europe. One of the central strategies addressing double decoupling in the construction industry is reuse and recycling of building materials and components that would limit raw material extraction and embodied emissions related to new products. A recent IPCC report states the urgency of limiting GHG emissions already by 2030 to remain below the 1.5-degree target. Given this timeframe, reducing emissions in the early stages of a buildings lifetime appears worth considering, meaning prioritizing embodied over operational emissions. The case study used for this article is an ongoing building project “Selbukassa” (“the Selbu box”) situated in Svartlamon – an experimental neighbourhood for urban ecology in Trondheim, Norway. It is a bottom-up, self-build project with a strong focus on reuse of materials. The 300 m2 building will house 4 families and is built reusing an old log house, as well as CLT-elements from a former pavilion used for exhibiting an art piece by the local artist Killi Olsen. Other salvaged materials and components include windows, doors, roof slate and most of the internal and external finishes. Due to the experimental status of the area and to allow for reuse of building components with lower energy performance, the fulfilment of energy requirements in the building code TEK 17 was not required by the local building authorities. The article examines the embodied and operational emissions of Selbukassa, and compares it with a reference building with no reused components and complying with energy requirements in the building code TEK17. Simien v.6.009 is used for energy simulations of the two cases, and LCA tool One Click LCA Norge for NS 3720:2018 with data sourced from Norwegian and other European EPDs is used for estimating embodied emissions. The article investigates the possible savings in emissions linked to reuse of materials, as well as the trade-offs between reused components with worse energy performance and the consequential higher energy demand. The article contributes to the discussion about the various implications of reuse of materials and more generally on how the built environment could respond more optimally to a combined emission and resource use reduction challenge.
Techniques for airflow measurements to determine the real efficiency of heat recovery in ventilation systems
Authors: Rønneseth Øystein , Liu Peng , Justo-Alonso Maria , Mathisen Hans Martin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Heat recovery in ventilation is essential to reduce energy use and thus mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the building sector. Heat recovery efficiency of at least 80 % in new buildings is required according to Norwegian standards. However, measurements show that the real heat recovery efficiency during operation is commonly 10-20 % lower. Measuring heat recovery efficiency in buildings is challenging, mainly due to difficulties measuring airflow rates close to the air handling unit (AHU). This study assesses the following duct airflow measurement techniques and equipment: pressure differential, velocity traversal technique, ultrasound and tracer gas. The pressure differential method can provide accurate flow rates and thus it is used as the reference measurement. However, it is not suitable for duct flow measurements due to its high pressure penalty and long straight duct requirement. Velocity traverse and tracer gas methods introduce less disturbance to the flow. Nevertheless, both methods require intensive labour work and cannot track quick changes of the airflow with time. The application of ultrasound to measure airflow is relatively novel and it can automatically measure constant and fluctuating airflows with low pressure drop and acceptable accuracy when the proper installation and minimum straight duct are provided.
Analysis of Harmonic Effect of Photovoltaic Integration into Medium Power System
Authors: Apriansyah M E , Ramadhan U F , Aryani D R , Utomo A R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Renewable Energy is starting to grow rapidly, the use of solar energy in Indonesia has a good development. According to the grid code issued by the national utility company, the maximum standard harmonic limit is 5%. Harmonic is mostly caused by non-linear loads that form a distorted sine wave, which leads the equipment to become hotter faster, adding losses and reducing the equipment lifetime. The simulation method uses ETAP software to obtain values from Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) on the 20kV and 150 kV Beta substations sides with several scenario simulations of photovoltaic power plant integration with a capacity from 5 to 20 MWp with multiple of 5. The simulation results have shown that the maximum THDv value in the scenario at 20 kV Beta substation is 0.26% and at 150kV Beta substation is 0.1%. This value is still below the standard limit, so by the integration of PV plant, system still operates securely.
Study of Battery Sizing for Solar Power Plant
Authors: Bangun G M , Nabila N , Budiansyah M A , Alvianingsih G , Utomo A R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Photovoltaic is one of the products of renewable energy-based electrical energy generation technology, without using fossil fuels, even without mechanical movements in the energy conversion process. Photovoltaic depends only on photons from solar rays. The sensitivity is relatively high against the sun’s irradiance, so because of that, both the output voltage and current become unstable. However, the instability of photovoltaic in producing electricity needs to be fixed by adding power storage component, such as batteries. The purpose of this paper is to design an optimal system to measure the size of the battery in Solar Power Plant. The best sizing battery is 80MW with 194 cells.
Optimization of Rooftop Area on Building K Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia for Grid-Connected PV
Authors: Bimantoro H , Ardita I M , Jufri F H , Husnayain F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study aims to design and assess the simulation of the On-Grid PV System that will be implemented in Building K at the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia (FTUI), Depok, West Java. In addition, this research is also to find out the amount of energy potential and issued by the 66 kW PLTS On-Grid design and its energy saving value. On-Grid PV System was designed and simulated by PVsyst and the results were analyzed. Load profile data from Building K FTUI are used. The simulation shows that the energy produced by PV is 97,889 MWh per year, the performance ratio is 82% with the contribution rate to Building K is 23.79% in a year, and the reduction in energy consumption from utilities is 19.48% during workdays and 49.01% during the weekend.
An explicit model of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity for nanofluids
Authors: Tiandho Y , Afriani F , Puriza M Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Nanofluids is a material that has good prospects to increase the efficiency of the heat transfer process. With the addition of small fraction nanoparticles, the thermal conductivity of the nanofluids can increase significantly compared to the fluid base. Although it has excellent application prospects, the study of thermal conductivity models is still a problem. The uniqueness of the characteristics and rapid development of nanofluids experiments make the proposed model continue to undergo validation testing. In this paper, a model of temperature-dependent the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids is proposed. This model is a development of a previously proposed model that only involves aspects of the fraction of the volume and diameter of nanoparticles. The model construction comes from the modification of the model proposed by Mintsa-Roy-Nguyen-Doucet, which is equipped with aspects of the nano-convection mechanism as proposed by Jang-Choi.
The Adsorption Efficiency of Iron from Post-Tin Mining Water using Nanomagnetic Fe3O4/Chitosan Portunus pelagicus shells
Authors: Julianti E , Samsiar A , Siregar R N , Fabiani V A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Adsorption was carried out on the water of post tin mining using nanomagnetic Fe3O4/chitosan from Portunus pelagicus shells. Nanomagnetic Fe3O4/Chitosan was prepared for iron adsorption. The nanomagnetic Fe3O4 was characterized through XRD and chitosan was characterized through FTIR The concentration of Fe in post tin mining water is 6.1 ppm. This study varied the mass of Fe3O4 and stirring time. The adsorption results were analyzed by AAS and obtained the largest adsorption efficiency (96.72%) at stirring 30 minutes with a mass of Fe3O4 of 120 mg.
Water Quality Testing Due to Oil Palm Plantation Activities in Bangka Regency
Authors: Sari F I P , Mahardika R G , Roanisca O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Agricultural activities are one of the main income sources in Bangka Regency, but this activity also provides a dilemma for environmental conservation. Oil palm plantation activities always use fertilizers and pesticides, leaving organic contamination in the waters. Cases of poisoning against pesticides, especially organophosphate groups, have been widely reported. To avoid that preventive measures are required, so we must know the water quality and pollution load that contained in the water around the area of oil palm plantations. This study aims to monitor water quality based on chemical parameters (DO, BOD, COD, nitrate and phosphate levels), and the presence of pesticide residues in the waters around oil palm plantations in Bangka Regency. The results showed waters around oil palm plantations in Zed meet mild to moderate pollution (3.21-4.95 mg/L) based on DO parameters, meet class II water quality standards for BOD (2.37-2.68 mg/L), COD criteria (8.7-11.4 mg/L), nitrate (0.985 mg/L) and phosphate (<0.0313 mg/L). Waters around oil palm plantations in Sempan meet moderate pollution based on DO parameters (3.59-3.78 mg/L), and meeting the class II water quality standards for the criteria of BOD(2.37-2.47 mg/L), COD (8.68-9.56 mg/L), nitrate and phosphate. The results did not found any pesticide organophosphate residue.
Application of Mulch and Palm Oil Waste as Bioremediation Agents in Post Mining Land
Authors: Yarda V R D , Lestari T , Pratama D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Post-tin mining land in Bangka Island can be utilized by application of mulch and nutrient from organic material to stimulate plant growth. The aims of this study is to know the effect of mulch and palm oil waste to stimulate growth of mustard. The research was conducted in Post-Tin Mining, Bangka, from December 2018 to May 2019. This study used Factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was application of mulch consisted of without (M0) and application of mulch (M1). The second factor was application of palm oil waste consisted of empty palm fruit bunch (T1), empty palm fruit bunch + cow manure + Effective Microorganism-4 (T2) and empty palm fruit bunch + palm bunch ash (T3). The result of variance analysis showed that mulch and palm oil waste gave significant effect on all parameter except ash content. Mulch gave the highest result than without mulch, and empty palm fruit bunch + cow manure + effective microorganism-4 gave the highest result than the other treatment. Interaction between mulch and empty palm fruit bunch + cow manure + effective microorganism-4 gave the best result and could be a profitable solution to stimulate the growth of mustard.
Feasibility Study on The Operation of Toboali Substation to Reduce The Use of Fossil Fuels as Power Plants and Energy Loss by Computer Simulation
Authors: Khoirun  , Asmar  , Puriza M Y , Kurniawan R , Tiandho Y , Siregar E M 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study discussed the analysis of load flow before and after the Toboali Substation (GI Toboali) - that is still in development process stage when the paper is written-. This study was operated in a computer simulation using ETAP Software. The Toboali substation needs to be built because Toboali diesel power plant will be shut down because the Toboali diesel power plant is a diesel power plant leased from PT. Megapower. From the simulation results it was found that before the Toboali substation operated the energy loss was 3,895.7 MWh/year and after the Toboali Substation operated an energy loss was 3,377.5 MWh/year and will reduce 20 tons/day usage of biodiesel. It is expected that when the Toboali substation operates it will reduce the energy loss and electricity dependence of the region on fossil energi and also it will increase power system reliability.
Net Social Impact of Illegal Unconventional Onshore Tin Mining in South Bangka, Bangka Island
Authors: Sulista  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Various economic, social, and environmental costs and benefits in illegal unconventional tin mining in Bangka Island have not been mapped clearly. The objective of this study is to obtain information on the economic, social, and environmental costs and benefits incurred by these mining activities expressed in monetary terms. The researcher conducted a field research in three mine villages and interviewed the miners, village government apparatus, and community leaders to map the impacts in the area. The benefits are the income and the growth of sales business, while the incurred costs include the flow of cash towards investors outside the village and the cost of river revitalization, land reclamation, watershed rehabilitation, and flood emergency response. Limited disclosure of data by the mining community and the lack of data available have yielded little cost benefit calculation. Net Present Value (NPV) approach was used to measure net social impact by assessing the profitability of mining, its benefits for the mining community, and the losses incurred by cost of investors and land reclamation. The results of calculation were positive, suggesting that unconventional mining had a significant economic impact at the local level. However, there needs to be further cost analysis of broader environmental damages.
The utilization of hydroxylsodalite synthesized from coal fly ash for zinc removal in acid mine drainage
Authors: Hidayat A E , Moersidik S S , Adityosulindro S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
One of the alternative solution to reduce ash waste in landfills is by utilizing coal fly ash for the removal of metal ion in wastewater, especially acid mine drainage (AMD). In this study, zeolite was synthesized from coal fly ash using a two-step method, hydrothermal and fusion method. The coal fly ash and the zeolite product were characterized physically and were used for the removal of Zn2+ in AMD. The adsorption experiment was carried out using batch method in synthetic AMD solution to study the influential parameters such as adsorbent dosage, contact time, adsorbent isotherms and kinetics. The zeolite synthesized in this study resulting hydroxylsodalite zeolite type, which increases the surface area. It was revealed from the adsorption experiment that the removal efficiency of Zn2+ was 93.47% under the conditions of pH ± 3, initial concentration Zn2+ 100 ppm, optimum contact time 120 minutes, and adsorbent dose 6 g/L. Furthermore, the Langmuir isotherm model and the kinetics model of pseudo-second-order fitted the adsorption data better, with the maximum sorption capacity of 27.32 mg/g. The result of this study indicate hydroxylsodalite synthesized from coal fly ash has great potential as an economical and sustainable material for the removal of metal ion Zn2+ in wastewater.
Erosion Hazard Classification Analysis in Kantung the Watershed, Bangka District
Authors: Hisyam E S , Fahriani F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Watersheds in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province are increasingly experiencing environmental damage from year to year. Location of the Kantung Watershed in Parit padang Sungailiat Bangka Village. The causes of damage to this watershed are mining activities, land use changes that were previously forested as residences and agricultural land that is not managed properly so that the impact is reduced forest as a natural protector, erodible soil or erosion. The method of analysis carried out in this study is the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) approach. Based on the analysis that has been carried out by the USLE method, the total erosion size of the Kantung watershed is 521,684 tons / ha / year 3,140,190,871 tons / year / year with Class V (Very Heavy) erosion hazard classification. Based on the results of the erosion hazard classification obtained is class V (Very Heavy), with large erodibility, the slope of the dominant slope is very steep, changes in land cover especially for mining activities, residences and agricultural land without management, the recommendations for reducing erosion are mechanical and vegetative soil conservation methods
Stress Analysis and Safety Factor of Shaft on Pepper Peeler Machine to Reduce Environmental Pollution
Authors: Rosa F , Rodiawan  , Prayitnoadi R P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Manually, pepper peeling uses water flowing in the river for 8-14 days that cause the river to become polluted by pepper peel and cause a bad smell. A pepper peeling machine is a tool to peeling pepper that has a system using two dishes consisting of a fixed top dish and a rotating bottom dish. A shaft is used to rotate the bottom dish with 14.58 rpm rotation, and it requires 1 kW electric motor with 1400 rpm rotation that is transmitted by reducer ratio of 23.3:1 and a bevel gear ratio of 1.6: 1. The shaft must be analyzed to determine its ability where the material is carbon steel material that has yield strength 350 MPa and is supported by two angular contact bearings which function as pin constraints and frictionless constraints. The shaft was analyzed using stress analysis with static analysis method using Autodesk Inventor Version 2019 software. Based on the analysis results, a minimum von mises stress of the shaft is 0.00 MPa and a maximum of 826.57 MPa on the diameter of 25 mm, minimum safety factors of 0.42 on the diameter of 25 mm and a maximum of 15. In Von-Mises stress and safety factor, the diameter of a shaft is not strong enough to withstand the load. To be able to meet the determined yield strength with a minimum safety factor of 1, the minimum diameter needed is 34.05 mm with a safety factor of 1.1. Using this machine, pepper peeling that done in the river can reduce river pollution.
Design Information System of Small Island in Bangka Belitung Archipelago Province
Authors: Putra G B , Atmaja E J J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Bangka Belitung Archipelago Province is one of the few provinces in Indonesia that has nomenclature of archipelago province in Indonesia. Archipelago Province means that the provinces have fewer land areas compare to sea areas. The Bangka Belitung Archipelago Province has many small islands is about 470 islands that have names, and the rest, 480 islands, that doesn’t have name. Information technology are believed to be able to answer a number of obstacles and problems that found on those small islands. The use of information technology by design information system for the small island is to make ease manage the information about the island and development planning of the potency of those island and in order to collect data on island in Bangka Belitung so planning and development for those island can carried out in the future, especially economic and tourism. This information system provide information on small islands and their potency and sea lanes can be used when they want to visit the island in Bangka Belitung. The system can be access using computer and smartphone through Internet to make it easier to get information about small islands and detail information when visiting the island in Bangka Belitung
Evaluation of pedestrian facilities to improve the pedestrian environment in The Central Market of Pangkalpinang
Authors: Safitri R , Amelia R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Plaza Pangkalpinang – Bangka Trade Center Area as The Central Market of Pangkalpinang, generates a large number of trips. The trips are not only vehicle trips but also trips of the pedestrian. The high pedestrian traffic requires pedestrian facilities. The availability of pedestrian facilities will affect the pedestrian environment. The pedestrian-friendly environment will encourage people to walk more. This study aims to assess pedestrian facilities to improve the pedestrian environment in Plaza Pangkalpinang – Bangka Trade Center Area. Pedestrian facilities are evaluated based on the walkability index. In this study, the area is divided into 2 zones, followed by determining the pedestrian routes in each zone. All of the pedestrian routes are divided into 16 road segments. Then, the walkability index will be assessed using 9 parameters in each road segment. The research finding shows that Plaza Pangkalpinang – Bangka Trade Center Area is in bad condition for walking and not pedestrian-friendly. The walkability index in this area is 49.17. It means the available pedestrian facilities are not good enough for walking. Furthermore, the result can be used as a consideration of the government for increasing pedestrian facilities to improve the pedestrian environment in Plaza Pangkalpinang – Bangka Trade Center Area.
Chitin Deacetylation Shells of Portunus pelagicus L. Using Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Mahardika R G , Jumnahdi M , Widyaningrum Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Natural polymers such as chitosan are one of the interesting things to study or are widely used as industrial raw materials such as adsorbents, membranes, and edible films. Portunus pelagicus L. is one of the sources of chitosan from nature. The shell of Portunus pelagicus L. in Bangka Island are waste from the untapped food industry. Even though this shell can have high values because there are chitin and chitosan. Good chitosan has a high degree of deacetylation. So the research purpose of this study is to see the effect deacetylation process using a microwave. The microwave used was MARS 6 - Microwave Accelerated Reaction System (CEM) using an EasyPrep Plus vessel. Various in Microwave deacetylation process is the time at 1200 W and 100°C. The method for analyzing the structure and degree of deacetylation (DD) in this study uses Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that deacetylation using conventional methods for 120 minutes at a temperature 100°C had DD 76.67% while deacetylation using microwave for 40 minutes at a temperature of 100°C had a DD 77.89%. Microwave deacetylation is three times faster than conventional methods.
The Effect of Particle Size on the Performance of Electrode Supercapacitor based on Pepper (Pipper Nigrum) Shell Activated Carbon
Authors: Kurniawan W B , Indriawati A , Marina D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The synthesis of pepper shell activated carbon-based supercapacitor electrodes to determine the effect of particle size on electrode performance has been done. The pepper shell activated carbon was synthesized using HCl activator with a ratio of 1: 4 (W/V) and then activated physically in an inert condition at 6000C. The characteristics of activated carbon samples were carried out using SEM and BET. SEM results show that carbon has a porous morphology with radius size of absorption pores of 130.0 nm and 121.9 nm respectively for particle size samples of 74 microns and 149 microns. The results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) to find out the value of specific capacitance at a scan rate of 50 mV/s showed an amount of 0.037 F/g and 0.0075 F/g for samples 74 and 149 microns. The results showed the influence of particle size on the performance of supercapacitor electrodes.