bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoemulsions as delivery systems for lipophilic nutraceuticals: strategies for improving their formulation, stability, functionality and bioavailability
Authors: Choi Seung Jun , McClements David Julian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe food and beverage industry often need to encapsulate hydrophobic functional ingredients in their products, including colors, flavors, lipids, nutraceuticals preservatives, and vitamins. Encapsulation can improve the handling, water-dispersibility, chemically stability, and efficacy of these functional ingredients. In this review article, we focus on the design of nanoemulsion-based delivery systems to encapsulate, protect, and deliver non-polar bioactive agents, such as vitamin A, D and E, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, curcumin, resveratrol, and coenzyme Q10. Initially, the challenges associated with incorporating these different bioactives into foods are highlighted. The relative merits and drawbacks of different nanoemulsion fabrication methods are then discussed. Finally, examples of the application of nanoemulsions for improving the stability and bioavailability of various kinds of hydrophobic vitamins and nutraceuticals are provided.
Temperate-zone cultivation of Oedogonium in municipal wastewater effluent to produce cellulose and oxygen
Authors: Piotrowski Michael J , Graham Linda E , Graham James M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Cultivation of the filamentous chlorophyte Oedogonium in municipal wastewater effluent is known to improve water quality and yield lipid- and protein-rich biomass for industrial applications. Chlorophyte celluloses, whose molecular organization and physical traits differ from those of plants, represent yet another valuable extractive, and algal oxygen production is of economic value in wastewater treatment. Consequently, we explored cellulose and oxygen production from Oedogonium biomass batch-cultivated in treated secondary municipal wastewater effluent. We compared biomass, cellulose, and oxygen production outside and within an adjacent greenhouse, under differing dissolved CO2 and pH conditions, and during temperate-zone seasonal change from summer through fall. Overall production did not differ within or outside the greenhouse, but outside production was higher in summer and lower in fall as air temperatures declined. Batch cultivation offered advantages, but high levels of mixing and CO2 were essential to maintain neutral pH for optimal algal growth and oxygen production.
Walleye growth declines following zebra mussel and Bythotrephes invasion
Authors: Hansen Gretchen J. A. , Ahrenstorff Tyler D. , Bethke Bethany J. , Dumke Joshua D. , Hirsch Jodie , Kovalenko Katya E. , LeDuc Jaime F. , Maki Ryan P. , Rantala Heidi M. , Wagner Tyler 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInvasive species represent a threat to aquatic ecosystems globally; however, impacts can be heterogenous across systems. Documented impacts of invasive zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and spiny water fleas (Bythotrephes cederströmii; hereafterBythotrephes) on native fishes are variable and context dependent across locations and time periods. Here, we use a hierarchical Bayesian analysis of a 35-year dataset on two fish species from 9 lakes to demonstrate that early life growth of ecologically important fishes are influenced by these aquatic invasive species. Walleye (Sander vitreus) in their first year of life grew more slowly in the presence of either invader after correcting for temperature (measured by degree days), and were on average 12 or 14% smaller at the end of their first summer following invasion byBythotrephesor zebra mussels, respectively. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) growth was less affected by invasion. Yellow perch on average grew more slowly in their first year of life following invasion by zebra mussels, although this effect was not statistically distinguishable from zero. Early life growth of both walleye and yellow perch was less tightly coupled to degree days in invaded systems, as demonstrated by increased variance surrounding the degree day-length relationship. Smaller first-year size is related to walleye survival and recruitment to later life stages and has important implications for lake food webs and fisheries management. Future research quantifying effects of zebra mussels andBythotrepheson other population-level processes and across a wider gradient of lake types is needed to understand the mechanisms driving observed changes in walleye growth.
Constellations of Transdisciplinary Practices: A Map and Research Agenda for the Responsible Management Learning Field
Authors: Laasch Oliver , Moosmayer Dirk , Antonacopoulou Elena , Schaltegger Stefan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe emerging field of responsible management learning is characterized by an urgent need for transdisciplinary practices. We conceptualize constellations of transdisciplinary practices by building up on a social practice perspective. From this perspective, knowledge and learning are ‘done’ in interrelated practices that may span multiple fields like the professional, educational, and research field. Such practices integrate knowledge across disciplines (interdisciplinarity) and sectors (intersectorality) in order to learn to enact, educate, and research complex responsible management. Accordingly, constellations of collaborative transdisciplinary practices span the three layers of the responsible management field: Professional responsible management, responsible management education, and responsible management research. We apply this framework to map both recent responsible management learning publications and contributions to this special issue. We notice that although the responsible management field’s aspiration for transdisciplinarity is high the degree to which it has been realized is low. This results in our proposal for a research agenda, which points out impediments to transdisciplinary, and research directions for the responsible management learning field. We also highlight theoretical implications of our conceptual framework for the larger transdisciplinarity discussion.
Insulin Exacerbates Inflammation in Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes
Authors: Qiao Li , Li Yi , Sun Shui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered the most frequent degenerative disease and is characterized by cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are vital to synovial inflammation in OA. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia (HINS) and has been demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for OA. Autophagy is involved in the processes of various inflammatory diseases, and autophagy inhibition can stimulate OA development. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of insulin in the inflammatory phenotype and autophagy of FLSs in OA. The data showed that cell viability and proinflammatory cytokine production in FLSs were both increased after insulin stimulation. We also found that high insulin could promote macrophage infiltration and chemokine production but inhibited autophagy in FLSs. To further explore the potential mechanisms, the effects of insulin on PI3K/Akt/mTOR and NF-ĸB signaling activation were evaluated. The results indicated that insulin activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR/NF-ĸB signaling, and the above-mentioned inflammatory responses, including autophagy inhibition, were notably attenuated by specific signaling inhibitors in the presence of high insulin. Moreover, the data showed that a positive feedback loop existed between proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and PI3K/mTOR/Akt/NF-ĸB signaling in FLSs, and insulin enhanced this feedback loop to accelerate OA progression. Our study suggests that insulin may be a novel therapeutic strategy for OA prevention and treatment in the future.
Development of Flat Silicon-Based Mesh Lens Arrays for Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Wave Astronomy
Authors: Pisano Giampaolo , Austermann Jason , Beall James , Halverson Nils , Hubmayr Johannes , Jaehnig Gregory , McKenney Christopher M. , Raymond Benjamin , Suzuki Aritoki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe high sensitivity requirements set by future cosmic microwave background instruments are pushing the current technologies to produce highly performant focal plane arrays with thousands of detectors. The coupling of the detectors to the telescope optics is a challenging task. Current implemented solutions include phased-array antenna-coupled detectors, platelet horn arrays, and lenslet-coupled planar antennas. There are also recent developments of flat graded-index lenses based on etched silicon. However, there are strong requirements in terms of electromagnetic performance, such as coupling efficiency and bandwidth, as well as requirements in terms of easy manufacturing and scalability, and it is very challenging to meet all these requirements with one of the above solutions. Here, we present a novel approach for producing flat metal-mesh lenslet arrays based on devices previously realized using the mesh-filter technology. We have now adapted the polypropylene-based mesh lens design to silicon substrates, thus providing a good mechanical match to the silicon-based detector arrays. The measured performance of prototype pixels operating at millimeter wavelengths is presented.
Validation of Motion Tracking Software for Evaluation of Surgical Performance in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Ganni Sandeep , Botden Sanne M. B. I. , Chmarra Magdalena , Li Meng , Goossens Richard H. M. , Jakimowicz Jack J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMotion tracking software for assessing laparoscopic surgical proficiency has been proven to be effective in differentiating between expert and novice performances. However, with several indices that can be generated from the software, there is no set threshold that can be used to benchmark performances. The aim of this study was to identify the best possible algorithm that can be used to benchmark expert, intermediate and novice performances for objective evaluation of psychomotor skills. 12 video recordings of various surgeons were collected in a blinded fashion. Data from our previous study of 6 experts and 23 novices was also included in the analysis to determine thresholds for performance. Video recording were analyzed both by the Kinovea 0.8.15 software and a blinded expert observer using the CAT form. Multiple algorithms were tested to accurately identify expert and novice performances. ½ L + $$ \raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$3$}\right. $$13 A + $$ \raisebox{1ex}{$1$}\!\left/ \!\raisebox{-1ex}{$6$}\right. $$16 J scoring of path length, average movement and jerk index respectively resulted in identifying 23/24 performances. Comparing the algorithm to CAT assessment yielded in a linear regression coefficient R2 of 0.844. The value of motion tracking software in providing objective clinical evaluation and retrospective analysis is evident. Given the prospective use of this tool the algorithm developed in this study proves to be effective in benchmarking performances for psychomotor skills evaluation.
Entrepreneurs’ age, institutions, and social value creation goals: A multi-country study
Authors: Brieger Steven A. , Bäro Anne , Criaco Giuseppe , Terjesen Siri A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between an entrepreneur's age and his/her social value creation goals. Building on the lifespan developmental psychology literature and institutional theory, we hypothesize a U-shaped relationship between entrepreneurs’ age and their choice to create social value through their ventures, such that younger and older entrepreneurs create more social value with their businesses while middle age entrepreneurs are relatively more economically and less socially oriented with their ventures. We further hypothesize that the quality of a country’s formal institutions in terms of economic, social, and political freedom steepen the U-shaped relationship between entrepreneurs’ age and their choice to pursue social value creation as supportive institutional environments allow entrepreneurs to follow their age-based preferences. We confirm our predictions using multilevel mixed-effects linear regressions on a sample of over 15,000 entrepreneurs (aged between 18 and 64 years) in 45 countries from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data. The findings are robust to several alternative specifications. Based on our findings, we discuss implications for theory and practice, and we propose future research directions.
Immobilization of Chromium in Stainless Steel Slag Using Low Zinc Electric Arc Furnace Dusts
Authors: Lin Yong , Yan Baijun , Fabritius Timo , Shu Qifeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A new synergistic treatment of stainless steel slag and low zinc content electric arc furnace (EAF) dusts is proposed to immobilize harmful chromium in stainless steel slag. The effects of ZnFe2O4 addition on the mineralogic phase and chromium leachability of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-Cr2O3 synthetic slag were investigated to explore the feasibility of this method. The mineralogic phases in stainless steel slag were investigated by scanning microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The leaching concentration values of chromium and zinc were evaluated according to an alkaline digestion for the hexavalent chromium (US-EPA-3060A) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP, US-EPA-1311) method, respectively. It was found that all synthetic slags mainly contain α-Ca2SiO4, merwinite and spinel phase, in line with the calculation results by FactSage. The crystallization of spinel and merwinite phases was enhanced by the addition of ZnFe2O4 but suppressed the precipitation of α-Ca2SiO4. It was revealed that the leaching concentration of chromium was depressed by adding ZnFe2O4 and was far below the chemical limits defined in the French proposal for a criterion and evaluation methods for waste ecotoxicity (0.1 mg L−1). In addition, the zinc leaching concentration meets the sanitary landfill standard. The proposed synergistic treatment method was further validated on industrial stainless steel slags and EAF dusts. Experimental results indicated that the synergistic treatment method can immobilize chromium effectively and the final slags can be disposed of by sanitary landfilling or recycling as constructional materials. A schematic technologic route diagram of the synergistic treatment was also proposed.
Working toward Global Justice: Confucian and Christian Ethics in Dialogue
Authors: Rauhut Andreas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFaced with the ongoing tragedy of poverty in our world today, many have long called for a common standard of global justice. Such a standard should not be tied to any one particular strand of justice conceptualizations and it should yet be in harmony with the central motivating beliefs of the various concerned moral worldviews. The article reframes global justice thinking by approaching a core problem, namely motivating people to care for distant needy strangers, in a concrete intercultural manner: it sets out to study and compare the motivational underpinnings for an expansion of social justice, in an exemplary fashion, within two long-standing worldview traditions, namely Christian social ethics and contemporary Confucian ethics, in order to gain a more realistic impression of what a commonly shared and motivationally backed notion of global justice may look like. While the former expresses a universal concern for the poor, the latter has recently attracted interest, since Southeast Asian countries managed to lift millions of people out of abject poverty. As both traditions consider loving communal relationships to constitute the foundation of all justice considerations, the article inquires how this quest shapes each tradition’s way to motivate their adherents’ compliance with a vision of global justice.
Fachdidaktisches Wissen von angehenden Sportlehrkräften messen
Authors: Heemsoth Tim , Wibowo Jonas 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDas fachdidaktische Wissen gilt in der lehrkraftbezogenen Professionsforschung als zentrale Komponente professioneller Kompetenz, durch die die Qualität der Unterrichtshandlungen und das Erreichen von Unterrichtszielen vorhergesagt werden kann. Für das Fach Sport liegen zwar vereinzelt empirische Ansätze zur Erfassung des fachdidaktischen Wissens vor, gleichwohl fehlt es bis dato an einem Instrument, dessen faktorielle Struktur empirisch geprüft wurde. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird das fachdidaktische Wissen über 40 Items erhoben, in denen im Rahmen realistischer Unterrichtsszenarios bezogen auf acht Bewegungsfelder dazu aufgefordert wird, Lernende zu unterstützen, Schwierigkeiten zu erklären oder Vorgehensweisen zu formulieren. Nach einer zufriedenstellenden Expert*innen-Befragung wurden die Items von 290 Sportlehramtsstudierenden beantwortet. Die Befunde deuten darauf hin, dass sich das fachdidaktische Wissen zufriedenstellend über die drei FaktorenLernende unterstützen, Schwierigkeiten erklärensowieVorgehensweisen formulierenabbilden lässt. Sie korrelieren im mittleren bis hohen Bereich. Darüber hinaus wird das fachdidaktische Wissen bedeutsam durch die Anzahl der Studiensemester, nicht aber durch die Abiturnote vorhergesagt, was die Qualifikationshypothese bekräftigt. Insgesamt liegt eines der wenigen empirisch überprüfen Instrumente für das fachdidaktische Wissen angehender Sportlehrkräfte vor.
Adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution on graphene oxide (GO) prepared from graphite: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Mondal Naba Kumar , Chakraborty Samarpita 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present work demonstrated the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions on synthesized graphene oxide (GO) from graphite. The prepared GO was characterized by various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron micrograph, Fourier transformed infrared and zero point change. The entire metal adsorption study was conducted through batch mode with keeping constant stirring rate (150 rpm). The operating variables such as pH (2–8), contact time (1–60 min), adsorbent dose (0.005 g–0.01 g L−1) and initial concentration (5–80 µg L−1) were considered, and optimized variables were fixed at maximum percentage of removal. The studied results ascertained that the maximum removal (92.8%) was achieved at acidic pH(4). The equilibrium of Cr(VI) adsorption data was nicely fitted with Langmuir model with maximum adsorption capacity (qm) 1.222 µg g−1. The sorption kinetics was nicely explained with pseudo-first-order and intraparticle diffusion mechanism. Thermodynamics of Cr(VI) adsorption revealed that the adsorption was spontaneous, endothermic and entropy-driven process. Therefore, it is concluded that graphene oxide could be an effective and efficient alternative toward removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution.
Studies on Search: Designing Meaningful IIR Studies on Commercial Search Engines
Authors: Lewandowski Dirk , Sünkler Sebastian , Schultheiß Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is (1) to show which topics are especially fruitful for researchers interested in user behavior in commercial search engines, (2) to help researchers decide which data to collect and to what extent. We classify potential areas for IIR research along two dimensions, namely the type of interaction data used (small-scale or large-scale), and whether search engine companies are likely to publish research on the topic chosen (likely or unlikely). This results in a framework consisting of five areas, which are further detailed. In the second part of the paper, we present some empirical studies showing how researchers could approach relevant topics where no results from the search engine providers themselves are published. We also show how researchers can improve the evidential value of their work by going from small-scale to at least medium-scale studies.
Die Neue E.ON auf dem deutschen Strommarkt – Wettbewerbliche Auswirkungen der innogy-Übernahme
Authors: Stöhr Annika , Budzinski Oliver , Jasper Jörg 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Deal der beiden größten deutschen Energielieferanten RWE und E.ON zum Tausch verschiedener Geschäftseinheiten, welcher Mitte September 2019 genehmigt wurde, wird den deutschen Energiemarkt wesentlich umstrukturieren und sowohl im Bereich Erzeugung als auch im Vertrieb zu jeweils einem dominanten Wettbewerber führen. E.ON wird dabei durch die Übernahme der innogy Geschäfte im Bereich des klassischen Energievertriebs und der Ladeinfrastruktur für Elektrofahrzeuge wesentliche Wettbewerbsvorteile erhalten. Dazu zählt unter anderem der Zugang zu einer Vielzahl an Messstellen und damit Datensätzen im Bereich des Haushalts- und Geschäftskundenvertriebs. Die Auswertung und Nutzung dieser Datensätze eröffnet dem zusammengeschlossenen Unternehmen neue Geschäftsfelder, aber auch Möglichkeiten die dominante Stellung auf dem Markt zu missbrauchen. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich den potenziellen Auswirkungen der innogy-Übernahme durch E.ON in den Bereichen klassischer Vertrieb und E‑Mobilität, in welchen die angesprochenen Aspekte der Datenökonomik eine wesentliche Rolle spielen. Des Weiteren werden die Auswirkungen der Marktumstrukturierung auf den Konzessionsmarkt betrachtet und die politökonomische Dimension des Zusammenschlusses erläutert. Wir schließen mit einer Kurzanalyse der Erlaubnisentscheidung und der damit verbundenen Auflagen und kommen zu dem Schluss, dass diese nicht geeignet sind, die erheblichen anti-kompetitiven Auswirkungen des Zusammenschlusses einzudämmen oder zu verhindern.
Sex and substance use behaviors among children of teen mothers: A systematic review
Authors: Cederbaum Julie A. , Jeong Chung H. , Yuan Chaoyue , Lee Jungeun Olivia 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionAdolescent birth is a known correlate of many challenging behavioral health consequences for offspring. This systematic review seeks to understanding the sex and substance use behaviors of children born to teen mothers extending the body of literature on the long‐term outcomes of being born to a teen mother.MethodsA systematic approach, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, was used to review and identify eligible studies in the following electronic databases: Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, and Ovid MEDLINE. Study inclusion: (a) maternal age (>20) was the key predictor or group variable and (b) children's risky sexual or substance use behaviors were outcome variables. All articles meeting inclusion criteria were next screened using the quality assessment tool created by the Effective Public Health Practice Project.ResultsSeventeen articles reporting on risky sexual behaviors and 12 articles on substance use behaviors met inclusion criteria. We found a consistent association between being born to a teen mother and risky sexual behaviors, including early sexual debut and transitioning into motherhood during adolescence/young adulthood. The link between being born to a teen mother and substance use behaviors was inconsistent and only found in large population‐based studies.ConclusionTeen mothers and their children have unique individual, family, and structural needs. Evidence highlights that while there is no clear need to adapt substance use prevention interventions for these children, investing in targeted adaptations of abstinence and safer sex interventions to meet the unique experiences of children of teen mothers and their children is warranted.