bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploitation of nitric oxide donors to control bacterial adhesion on ready‐to‐eat vegetables and dispersal of pathogenic biofilm from polypropylene
Authors: Islam Mohammad , Durie Ian , Ramadan Reham , Purchase Diane , Marvasi Massimiliano 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitric oxide (NO) donors have been used to control biofilm formation. Nitric oxide can be delivered in situ using organic carriers and acts as a signaling molecule. Cells exposed to NO shift from biofilm to the planktonic state and are better exposed to the action of disinfectants. In this study, we investigate the capability of the NO donors molsidomine, MAHAMA NONOate, NO‐aspirin and diethylamine NONOate to act as anti‐adhesion agents on ready‐to‐eat vegetables, as well as dispersants for a number of pathogenic biofilms on plastic.RESULTSOur results showed that 10 pM molsidomine reduced the attachment of Salmonella enterica sv Typhimurium 14 028 to pea shoots and coriander leaves of about 0.5 Log(CFU/leaf) when compared with untreated control. The association of 10 pmol L−1 molsidomine with 0.006% H2O2 showed a synergistic effect, leading to a significant reduction in cell collection on the surface of the vegetable of about 1 Log(CFU/leaf). Similar results were obtained for MAHMA NONOate.We also showed that the association of diethylamine NONOate at 10 mmol L−1 and 10 pmol L−1 with the quaternary ammonium compound diquat bromide improved the effectiveness of biofilm dispersal by 50% when compared with the donor alone.CONCLUSIONSOur findings reveal a dual role of NO compounds in biofilm control. Molsidomine, MAHMA NONOate, and diethylamine NONOate are good candidates for either preventing biofilm formation or dispersing biofilm, especially when used in conjunction with disinfectants. Nitric oxide compounds have the potential to be developed into a toolkit for pro‐active practices for good agricultural practices (GAPs), hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP), and cleaning‐in‐place (CIP) protocols in industrial settings where washing is routinely applied. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
High mutational concordance between primary colorectal tumors and associated pulmonary metastases
Authors: Corsini Erin M. , Datar Saumil S. , Mitchell Kyle G. , Zhou Nicolas , Hofstetter Wayne L. , Mehran Reza J. , Rajaram Ravi , Rice David C. , Roth Jack A. , Sepesi Boris , Swisher Stephen G. , Vaporciyan Ara A. , Walsh Garrett L. , Blackmon Shanda H. , Loree Jonathan M. , Morris Van K. , Antonoff Mara B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrecision medicine has altered the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the concordance of mutational findings between primary CRC tumors and associated pulmonary metastases (PM) is not well‐described. This study aims to determine the concordance of genomic profiles between primary CRC and PM.MethodsPatients treated for colorectal PM at a single institution from 2000 to 2017 were identified. Mutational concordance was defined as either both wild‐type or both mutant alleles in lung and colorectal lesion; genes with opposing mutational profiles were reported as discordant.ResultsThirty‐eight patients met inclusion criteria, among whom KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, MET, RET, and PIK3CA were examined for concordance. High concordance was demonstrated among all evaluated genes, ranging from 86% (KRAS) to 100% concordance (NRAS, RET, and MET). De novo KRAS mutations were detected in the PM of 4 from 35 (11%) patients, 3 of whom had previously received anti‐epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy. Evaluation of Cohen's κ statistic demonstrated moderate to perfect correlation among evaluated genes.ConclusionsBecause high intertumoral genomic homogeneity exists, it may be reasonable to use primary CRC mutational profiles to guide prognostication and targeted therapy for PM. However, the possibility of de novo KRAS‐mutant PM should be considered, particularly among patients previously treated with anti‐EGFR therapy.
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Web‐Based Intervention to Disseminate Clinical Practice Guidelines for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: The PTSD Clinicians Exchange
Authors: Ruzek Josef I. , Wilk Joshua , Simon Erica , Marceau Lisa , Trachtenberg Felicia L. , Magnavita Ashley M. , Coleman Julia L. , Ortigo Kile , Ambrosoli James , Zincavage Rebekah , Clarke‐Walper Kristina , Penix Elizabeth , Rosen Raymond C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDelivery of best‐practice care for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a priority for clinicians working with active duty military personnel and veterans. The PTSD Clinicians Exchange, an Internet‐based intervention, was designed to assist in disseminating clinically relevant information and resources that support delivery of key practices endorsed in the Veterans Administration (VA)–Department of Defense (DoD) Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) for the Management of Posttraumatic Stress. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to examine the effectiveness of the Clinicians Exchange intervention in increasing familiarity and perceived benefits of 26 CPG‐related and emerging practices. The intervention consisted of ongoing access to an Internet resource featuring best‐in‐class resources for practices, self‐management of burnout, and biweekly e‐mail reminders highlighting selected practices. Mental health clinicians (N = 605) were recruited from three service sectors (VA, DoD, community); 32.7% of participants assigned to the Internet intervention accessed the site to view resources. Individuals who were offered the intervention increased their practice familiarity ratings significantly more than those assigned to a newsletter‐only control condition, d = 0.27, p = .005. From baseline to 12‐months, mean familiarity ratings of clinicians in the intervention group increased from 3.0 to 3.4 on scale of 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely); mean ratings for the control group were 3.2 at both assessments. Clinicians generally viewed the CPG practices favorably, rating them as likely to benefit their clients. The results suggest that Internet‐based resources may aid more comprehensive efforts to disseminate CPGs, but increasing clinician engagement will be important.
The Effect of Ligand Mobility on the Cellular Interaction of Multivalent Nanoparticles
Authors: Maslanka Figueroa Sara , Fleischmann Daniel , Beck Sebastian , Goepferich Achim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultivalent nanoparticle binding to cells can be of picomolar avidity making such interactions almost as intense as those seen with antibodies. However, reducing nanoparticle design exclusively to avidity optimization by the choice of ligand and its surface density does not sufficiently account for controlling and understanding cell–particle interactions. Cell uptake, for example, is of paramount significance for a plethora of biomedical applications and does not exclusively depend on the intensity of multivalency. In this study, it is shown that the mobility of ligands tethered to particle surfaces has a substantial impact on particle fate upon binding. Nanoparticles carrying angiotensin‐II tethered to highly mobile 5 kDa long poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains separated by ligand‐free 2 kDa short PEG chains show a superior accumulation in angiotensin‐II receptor type 1 positive cells. In contrast, when ligand mobility is constrained by densely packing the nanoparticle surface with 5 kDa PEG chains only, cell uptake decreases by 50%. Remarkably, irrespective of ligand mobility and density both particle types have similar EC50 values in the 1–3 × 10−9 m range. These findings demonstrate that ligand mobility on the nanoparticle corona is an indispensable attribute to be considered in particle design to achieve optimal cell uptake via multivalent interactions.
The Influence of Polymer on Fe(II)Citrate Release from Hybrid Materials Synthesized via Sol–Gel
Authors: Catauro Michelina , Tranquillo Elisabetta , Poggetto Giovanni Dal , Naviglio Daniele , Barrino Federico 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn ideal drug delivery system is developed to provide the therapeutic amount of a drug at the appropriate site in the body and to maintain the desired drug concentration. Interactions between drugs and the sol–gel system can affect the rate of release. The aim of this work is the synthesis of iron(II)‐based therapeutic systems. The use of oral iron integration is commonly recommended for the treatment of iron deficiency; nevertheless the diagnosis and treatment of this disease can clearly be improved. The hybrids are synthesized by sol–gel method. In an SiO2 matrix, different weight percentages of polyethylene glycol (PEG6,12,24 wt%) and ferrous citrate (Fe(II)C5,10,15 wt%) are incorporated for drug delivery applications. The interactions among different components in the hybrid materials are evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In order to quantify the release kinetics, the hybrids are soaked in a simulated body fluid, for different time points, and the amount of Fe2+ released in from several materials is detected by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy after reaction with ortho‐phenanthroline.
Evaluation of the Mechanical Behavior of a Biocomposite Material in a Fuselage Section Numerical Drop Test
Authors: Manzo Mario , Perfetto Donato , Lamanna Giuseppe , Caputo Francesco , Palma Luigi Di 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe ever‐increasing need for eco‐compatibility in all sectors of industry is pushing scientific research to look for the so‐called environmentally friendly materials characterized by minimal environmental impact during the manufacturing process and high recyclability. In the aeronautical sector composites are well established for primary and secondary structures, but alternative biocompatible solutions are found out even if great efforts are being required to improve their properties. In this work, the mechanical behavior of a biocomposite material is tested by implementing it in an existing numerical model of a fuselage section subject to a vertical drop test. Deformations and failures of biocomposite parts are evaluated providing indications on their possible compliance with crashworthiness and airworthiness requirements.
PP4R1 interacts with HMGA2 to promote non‐small‐cell lung cancer migration and metastasis via activating MAPK/ERK‐induced epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Wang Bin , Pan Lin‐Yue , Kang Ning , Shen Xiao‐Yong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractProtein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 1 (PP4R1) has been shown to play a role in the regulation of centrosome maturation, apoptosis, DNA repair, and tumor necrosis factor signaling. However, the function of PP4R1 in non‐small‐cell lung cancer remains unclear. In this study, we identify PP4R1 as an oncogene through Oncomine database mining and immunohistochemical staining, and we showed that PP4R1 is upregulated in lung cancer tissues as compared with that in normal lung tissues and correlated with a poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Furthermore, in vitro study by wound‐healing and Transwell assay showed that PP4R1 could promote migration and invasion of lung cancer cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that PP4R1 could cooperate with high mobility group AT‐hook 2 and thereby promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition via MAPK/extracellular receptor kinase activation. Taken together, our study provides a rich resource for understanding PP4R1 in lung cancer and indicates that PP4R1 may serve as a potential biomarker in lung cancer therapies.
Mapping human pressures on biodiversity across the planet uncovers anthropogenic threat complexes
Authors: Bowler Diana E. , Bjorkman Anne D. , Dornelas Maria , Myers‐Smith Isla H. , Navarro Laetitia M. , Niamir Aidin , Supp Sarah R. , Waldock Conor , Winter Marten , Vellend Mark , Blowes Shane A. , Böhning‐Gaese Katrin , Bruelheide Helge , Elahi Robin , Antão Laura H. , Hines Jes , Isbell Forest , Jones Holly P. , Magurran Anne E. , Cabral Juliano Sarmento , Bates Amanda E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Climate change and other anthropogenic drivers of biodiversity change are unequally distributed across the world. Overlap in the distributions of different drivers have important implications for biodiversity change attribution and the potential for interactive effects. However, the spatial relationships among different drivers and whether they differ between the terrestrial and marine realm has yet to be examined.

We compiled global gridded datasets on climate change, land‐use, resource exploitation, pollution, alien species potential and human population density. We used multivariate statistics to examine the spatial relationships among the drivers and to characterize the typical combinations of drivers experienced by different regions of the world.

We found stronger positive correlations among drivers in the terrestrial than in the marine realm, leading to areas with high intensities of multiple drivers on land. Climate change tended to be negatively correlated with other drivers in the terrestrial realm (e.g. in the tundra and boreal forest with high climate change but low human use and pollution), whereas the opposite was true in the marine realm (e.g. in the Indo‐Pacific with high climate change and high fishing).

We show that different regions of the world can be defined by Anthropogenic Threat Complexes (ATCs), distinguished by different sets of drivers with varying intensities. We identify 11 ATCs that can be used to test hypotheses about patterns of biodiversity and ecosystem change, especially about the joint effects of multiple drivers.

Our global analysis highlights the broad conservation priorities needed to mitigate the impacts of anthropogenic change, with different priorities emerging on land and in the ocean, and in different parts of the world.
Conservation from the inside‐out: Winning space and a place for wildlife in working landscapes
Authors: Western David , Tyrrell Peter , Brehony Peadar , Russell Samantha , Western Guy , Kamanga John 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Protected areas fall far short of securing the space needed to sustain biodiversity and ecosystem function at a global scale and in the face of climate change.

The prospects of conserving biodiversity in working landscapes help buffer the insularization effects of protected areas and hold great potential for biodiversity conservation on a landscape scale but depend on finding adequate space and a meaningful place in the lives of rural land users.

Using a case study in southern Kenya, we show that the conservation of large open landscapes, biodiversity and the coexistence between wildlife and livestock can be achieved indirectly by reinforcing pastoral practices that depend on open space, mobility, social networks and institutional arrangements governing common‐pool resources.

Pastoral practices and wildlife both depend on large multiscale interactions within interlinked social and ecological systems, which are threatened by land fragmentation, alienation and degradation.

We show that large open spaces can be maintained by using a conservation approach starting from within community aspirations that emphasize the links between livelihoods, productivity, efficiency and resilience in pastoral economies and the secondary benefits of wildlife enterprises.

Scaling up from an ecosystem to multi‐scale approach benefits pastoral communities by building resilience and new economic opportunities. In the process, the expanded scale conserves regional biodiversity and large free‐ranging herbivore and carnivore populations underpinning ecosystem function and the nationally important tourism industry centered on the Kenya–Tanzania boundary.

The ‘inside‐out’ approach to the conservation of wildlife and biodiversity is place‐based, draws on local knowledge and informal governance arrangements and avoids the stigma of wildlife conservation driven by outside agencies.

The human‐centered approach reinforces land health and spatial connectivity and encourages multi‐level and distributed governance arrangements embedded in large regional and national jurisdictions.
Extending Comet for Global Amino Acid Variant and Post‐Translational Modification Analysis Using the PSI Extended FASTA Format
Authors: Eng Jimmy K. , Deutsch Eric W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractProtein identification by tandem mass spectrometry sequence database searching is a standard practice in many proteomics laboratories. The de facto standard for the representation of sequence databases used as input to sequence database search tools is the FASTA format. The Human Proteome Organization's Proteomics Standards Initiative has developed an extension to the FASTA format termed the proteomics standards initiative extended FASTA format or PSI extended FASTA format (PEFF) where additional information such as structural annotations are encoded in the protein description lines. Comet has been extended to automatically analyze the post translational modifications and amino acid substitutions encoded in PEFF databases. Comet's PEFF implementation and example analysis results searching a HEK293 dataset against the neXtProt PEFF database are presented.
The underlying mechanism of metabolic syndrome on benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate volume
Authors: Xia Bo‐Wen , Zhao Si‐Cong , Chen Zong‐Ping , Chen Chao , Liu Tian‐Shu , Yang Fan , Yan Yong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the potential mechanism of the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on prostate volume (PV) and the risk of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)/lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the relationships of MetS and the major pathogenic factors of MetS with the clinical progression of BPH/LUTS in older Chinese men.Subjects and MethodsWe analyzed clinical data obtained from 506 ostensibly healthy men who underwent routine health check‐ups and recruited 415 subjects from a group of previously studied men after 4 years. We evaluated the associations of major pathological factors of MetS, including insulin resistance, subclinical inflammatory state, and sex hormone changes, with PV, the risk of BPH and the clinical progression of BPH/LUTS by using multiple linear regression and logistic regression.ResultsAfter adjustment for age, insulin, HOMA (homeostatic model assessment) index, leptin, resistin, adiponectin, C‐reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), sex hormone‐binding globulin, and testosterone levels were significantly associated with PV (all P < .05), and in the age‐adjusted logistic regression model, positive associations of resistin and TNF‐α with BPH/LUTS were found (OR, 1.662, P = .007 and OR, 1.044, P < .001, respectively). Predictors of BPH/LUTS clinical progression were significantly correlated with MetS and TNF‐α. The group with higher TNF‐α levels had a higher rate of newly diagnosed BPH (9.5% vs 19.1%, P = .006) and a greater increase in PV levels (0.61 ± 0.08 vs 1.09 ± 0.35 cm3, P <.001) after 4 years.ConclusionsMetS and its pathological factors were associated with an increased PV and an increased risk of BPH/LUTS that is more prone to clinical progression. TNF‐α may serve as an early biological indicator to identify which patients with BPH/LUTS are at higher risk of unfavorable outcomes.
Validation of a 2‐gene mRNA urine test for the detection of ≥GG2 prostate cancer in an opportunistic screening population
Authors: Rubio‐Briones Jose , Borque‐Fernando Angel , Esteban Luis M. , Mascarós Juan M. , Ramírez‐Backhaus Miguel , Casanova Juan , Collado Argimiro , Mir Carmen , Gómez‐Ferrer Alvaro , Wong Augusto , Aragón Fuensanta , Calatrava Ana , López‐Guerrero Jose A. , Groskopf Jack , Schalken Jack , Van Criekinge Wim , Domínguez‐Escrig Jose 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundA 2‐gene urine‐based molecular test that targets messenger RNAs known to be overexpressed in aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) has been described as a helpful method for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (grade group [GG] ≥2). We performed an external validation of this test in men undergoing initial prostate biopsy (Bx) within a Spanish opportunistic screening scenario.MethodsWe analyzed archived samples from 492 men who underwent prostate Bx in an opportunistic screening scenario, with prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) 3 to 10 ng/mL and/or suspicious digital rectal exploration (DRE) and without previous multi‐parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Urinary biomarker measurements were combined with clinical risk factors to determine a risk score, and accuracy for GG ≥ 2 PCa detection was compared with PCA3, European randomized screening in prostate cancer (ERSPC), and prostate biopsy collaborative group (PBCG) risk calculators in a validation workup that included calibration, discrimination, and clinical utility analysis.ResultsIn our cohort, the detection rates for GG1 and GG ≥ 2 PCa were 20.3% and 14.0%, respectively. The median PSA level was 3.9 ng/mL and 13.4% of subjects had suspicious DRE findings. The median risk score for men with GG ≥ 2 PCa was 21 (interquartile range: 14‐28), significantly higher than benign+GG1 PCa (10, 6‐18), P < .001, achieving the highest area under the curve among the models tested, 0.749 (95% confidence interval: 0.690‐0.807). The urine test was well‐calibrated, while ERSPC showed a slight underestimation and PBCG a slight overestimation of risk. Assuming a GG2 non‐detection rate of 11% without using mpMRI, use of the urinary biomarker‐based clinical model could have helped avoid 37.2% of excess biopsies while delaying the diagnosis of eight patients (1.6% of the entire cohort) with GG ≥ 2 PCa.ConclusionsIn this first evaluation in an opportunistic screening population, the urinary biomarker‐based test improved the detection of clinically significant PCa. Facing men with elevated PSA and/or suspicious DRE, it could be a useful tool to help avoid excess initial Bx and to identify patients most likely to benefit from Bx.
Reachable set estimation for switched nonlinear positive systems with impulse and time delay
Authors: Zhang Jie , Sun Yuangong 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThis paper deals with the reachable set estimation for the continuous‐time switched nonlinear positive systems with impulse, disturbance, and mixed time‐varying delays under the average dwell time switching. Based on a method developed in positive systems, sufficient conditions are established such that all solutions of the system converge exponentially to a ball. Both the bound of the reachable set and the convergence rate are determined explicitly. Compared with the existing result, the average dwell time given in this paper is less conservative. Finally, numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our results.
Field observation of tornadic supercells by multiple autonomous fixed‐wing unmanned aircraft
Authors: Frew Eric W. , Argrow Brian , Borenstein Steve , Swenson Sara , Hirst C. Alexander , Havenga Henno , Houston Adam 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the results of the design and field deployment of multiple autonomous fixed‐wing unmanned aircraft into supercell thunderstorms. As part of a field campaign in Spring 2019, up to three fixed‐wing unmanned aircraft were deployed simultaneously into different regions of supercell thunderstorms, To learn more about the atmospheric conditions that lead to the formation of tornadoes. Successful field deployment is attributed to (a) a nomadic concept of operations that allows the unmanned aircraft system team and science team to work seamlessly together while satisfying all aviation regulations and (b) the ruggedized RAAVEN unmanned aircraft system with modular features that favor rapid, ease‐of‐use over the brute strength of previous designs. The concept of operations and the unmanned aircraft system are described along with results from a 4 day window where four storms were sampled: two of these storms were tornadic (formed tornadoes before, during, or after being sampled) and two were not. These results validate the feasibility of nomadic operation of multiple unmanned aircraft simultaneously in severe weather conditions. Further, the successful field deployments demonstrate the importance of the modular unmanned aircraft design.