bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marketing Capabilities of Early Internationalising Firms
Authors: Mitić Sanja , Rakita Branko 
Published: December 2020

Research Question: The topic of this study is marketing capabilities of early internationalising firms from Serbia. Motivation: As marketing perspective was found to be important for understanding the early internationalisation phenomenon, the aim of this study is to shed light on the marketing capabilities of early internationalising firms from Serbia. This topic was widely examined in the developed countries, but there is an evident lack of research in developing countries, especially in the Western Balkans. Understanding the specifics of early internationalising firms can provide valuable policy and managerial implications for stimulating export activities of small and medium-sized firms. Idea: The idea of the paper is to identify the main marketing capabilities of early internationalising firms from Serbia. Data: Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with the founders or managers of four firms from Serbia, over the period from August 2018 to January 2019. Tools: As this topic is not widely investigated in Serbia and other Western Balkan countries, a case study method was found to be appropriate. Primary data were completed with secondary data sources. Findings: The results show that in terms of marketing capabilities, early internationalising firms from Serbia express similar features as the ones already recognized in the literature. They develop differentiated, high quality and innovative products, specialized for a particular market niche or segment. Contribution: This study provides the results of the first primary research on the marketing capabilities of early internationalising firms from Serbia and offers valuable implications for managers, for developing an effective international marketing strategy, as well as policy implications for export support programmes and small and medium-sized firms’ policy.
Service Quality of the Higher Vocational Education
Authors: Jovičić Vuković Ana , Damnjanović Jelena , Papić-Blagojević Nataša 
Published: December 2020

Research Question: The paper will investigate the service quality of the higher education provided by the higher schools of vocational studies using SERVQUAL methodology. Motivation: The paper will show the characteristics of higher education of vocational studies, and it will point out the significance of creating and maintaining a quality management system in higher education institutions. The new reform of higher education in Serbia and establishment of academies of vocational studies are the main reasons why the question of service quality becomes one of the most important issues for higher education institutions and basis for competitive advantage, better image and reputation. Also, a growing competition on the higher education market and a smaller number of prospective students are also problems which higher vocational schools are faced with. Idea: The goal of this research is to find the differences between expected and perceived service quality. Furthermore, the paper will show if there are differences between perceived service quality among the students of different study years, as well as differences between the students with State scholarship and the self-funded students. Data: The research included 244 students of the first, second, and third years of bachelor studies from higher schools of vocational studies in Novi Sad, significant and the second-largest educational centre in the Republic of Serbia. Tools: Statistical methods used in this paper are frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, while the hypotheses are tested using the paired sample t-test, the independent t-test, and the one-factor variance analysis – ANOVA. Findings: The results of the research show that service quality of higher vocational education does not meet students' expectations (sig.<0,001) and that the gap is negative for all dimensions of service quality (Tangibles (-.32), Reliability (-.52), Responsiveness (-.49), Assurance (-.33), and Empathy(-.26)). It is also shown by this research that there are no differences in higher education service quality based on the status of students (sig.>0.05) and the year of studying (sig.>0.05). Contribution: The results can be used as basis for introducing further measures to improve the quality of service provided by higher vocational institutions.
Drivers Affecting Online Banking Usage of Private Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka
Authors: Hapuarachchi Chathura , Samarakoon Ajantha 
Published: December 2020

Online banking is the compulsory condition to develop e-business within the world. The key objective of the study is to examine drivers affecting online banking facility usage of the private commercial banks in Sri Lanka. The researcher has selected five factors namely perceived risk, customers’ concern for privacy, customers’ value for online personalization, e-trust, and e-loyalty after considering previous studies and expert idea in the field. Five hundred questionnaires were distributed among the customers who attached to the seven main private commercial banks and living selected three prominent provinces of three prominent cities namely Kandy, Colombo & Galle in Sri Lanka. Although only two hundred fifteen questionnaires received from the online customers. One hundred ninety-six complete questionnaires used to the final data analysis. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and Multiple regression analysis utilized to analysis the data.
Data analysis result of the study shows that perceived risk, customers’ concern for privacy and entrust show the significant positive effect on online bank usage in Sri Lanka. E-loyalty and customers’ value for privacy also positively influence on online bank usage, however these two factors didn’t show the significant influence on online bank usage. Sri Lankan commercial banks should promote online bank usage by considering risk, customers’ concern for privacy and entrust. Moreover, online program designers should concern innovations and significant factors when they develop online bank platforms. Further, the researchers should conduct further research base on different cultures to identify the issues and significant factors that may influence on online banking usage.
Design of Solar Blind Photodetectors for Communication with Green Signal (λ= 0.532µm) in Space. Part II
Authors: Shtein Samson Mil’ , Asthana Dhawal 
Published: December 2020

The areas of Free Space Optical (FSO) communication and high-speed Visible Light Communication (VLC) offer potential for very high-speed data transmission. Favorable attributes including high frequency and wider bandwidths that can enable transmission speeds of the order 100Gb/s, associated with the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum make it preferable for allowing communication among satellites and ground stations, under-water communication, etc. However, limitations associated with spectral absorption characteristics of the propagating media have stymied further development of such technologies.
Aims: Commercial lasers operating in red, green and blue lights combined with three photodetectors, each sensitive to selected wavelengths (colors) present basics of long-distance optical communication system. The current study (Part II) depicts the design and operation of a solar-blind photodetector capable to work explicitly with green wavelength of 532nm.
Study Design and Results: The structure of the solar-blind photodetector consists of two sections made of InxGa1-xN (Indium Gallium Nitride) heterostructure, (where x denotes the mole fraction)-a filter and a double barrier tunneling diode. The topmost approximately 1µm thick section acts as a filter and as a p-i-n solar cell providing the required voltage bias to the photodiode. The filter with Eg (Energy Band Gap)=2.33eV absorbs all photons having wavelengths shorter than 532nm. The double barrier tunneling photodiode which comprises the lower section operates with Eg=2.28eV. It consists of an n-type lightly doped quantum well having a width of 2.5nm housed between two lightly doped barriers of 10nm thickness. The 0.12µm topmost and bottom regions of the photodiode are doped with p and n (2×105cm-3) type impurities, respectively. The illuminated cross-section area of the device is finalized at 1mm2.
Digital Tourism Marketing 4.0 Collaborative Strategy for Banggai Brothers Area, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Akbar Rully Anggi , Priyambodo Tri Kuntoro , Kusworo Hendrie Adji , Fandeli Chafid 
Published: December 2020

Aims: This study aims to analyze the obstacles in digital tourism marketing in The Banggai brothers area (Banggai Luwuk, Banggai Islands, Banggai Laut), Central Sulawesi, to analyze the digital marketing strategies that have been applied and to formulate an effective collaborative digital tourism marketing strategy that can be used, and applied to the Banggai brothers in the future.
Study Design: This research study design is a qualitative study
Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted in the Banggai brothers (Banggai Luwuk, Banggai Islands, Banggai Laut) Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, in February - June 2020. Methodology: This qualitative research method uses a case study. Collecting data through interviews and direct observation with regional tourism offices, destination management, local communities, and visitors to tourism objects in the Banggai brothers. Data analysis using Grounded Analysis (Reduction, Display, and Drawing Conclusion / Verification).
Results: The result of this research is The dominant problem is the limited human resources in tourism.
Conclusion: The marketing strategy plan aimed at the Banggai Brothers area is Digital collaboration tourism, namely; Planning phase using a collaborative market system. The implication of this research can help create a collaborative tourism marketing strategy 4.0 based on internet use, especially social media, for the Banggai area and destinations throughout Indonesia.
Cleaning the dose falloff in lung SBRT plan
Authors: Desai Dharmin , Narayanasamy Ganesh , Bimali Milan , Cordrey Ivan , Elasmar Hisham , Srinivasan Senthamizhchelvan , Johnson Ellis Lee 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate a planning technique that can possibly reduce low‐to‐intermediate dose spillage (measured by R50%, D2cm values) in lung SBRT plans.Materials and MethodsDose falloff outside the target was studied retrospectively in 102 SBRT VMAT plans of lung tumor. Plans having R50% and/or D2cm higher than recommended tolerances in RTOG protocols 0813 and 0915 were replanned with new optimization constraints using novel shell structures and novel constraints. Violations in the RTOG R50% value can be rectified with a dose constraint to a novel shell structure (“OptiForR50”). The construction of structure OptiForR50% and the novel optimization criteria translate the RTOG goals for R50% into direct inputs for the optimizer. Violations in the D2cm can be rectified using constraints on a 0.5 cm thick shell structure with inner surface 2cm from the PTV surface. Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to compare differences in dose conformity, volume of hot spots, R50%, D2cm of the target in addition to the OAR doses. A two‐sided P‐value of 0.05 was used to assess statistical significance.ResultsAmong 102 lung SBRT plans with PTV sizes ranging from 5 to 179 cc, 32 plans with violations in R50% or D2cm were reoptimized. The mean reduction in R50% (4.68 vs 3.89) and D2cm (56.49 vs 52.51) was statistically significant both having P < 0.01. Target conformity index, volume of 105% isodose contour outside PTV, normal lung V20, and mean dose to heart and aorta were significantly lowered with P < 0.05.ConclusionThe novel planning methodology using multiple shells including the novel OptiForR50 shell with precisely calculated dimensions and optimizer constraints lead to significantly lower values of R50% and D2cm and lower dose spillage in lung SBRT plans. All plans were successfully brought into the zone of no RTOG violations.
Development and clinical validation of a robust knowledge‐based planning model for stereotactic body radiotherapy treatment of centrally located lung tumors
Authors: Visak Justin , McGarry Ronald C. , Randall Marcus E. , Pokhrel Damodar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeTo develop a robust and adaptable knowledge‐based planning (KBP) model with commercially available RapidPlanTM for early stage, centrally located non‐small‐cell lung tumors (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and improve a patient's“simulation to treatment” time.MethodsThe KBP model was trained using 86 clinically treated high‐quality non‐coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (n‐VMAT) lung SBRT plans with delivered prescriptions of 50 or 55 Gy in 5 fractions. Another 20 independent clinical n‐VMAT plans were used for validation of the model. KBP and n‐VMAT plans were compared via Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG)–0813 protocol compliance criteria for conformity (CI), gradient index (GI), maximal dose 2 cm away from the target in any direction (D2cm), dose to organs‐at‐risk (OAR), treatment delivery efficiency, and accuracy. KBP plans were re‐optimized with larger calculation grid size (CGS) of 2.5 mm to assess feasibility of rapid adaptive re‐planning.ResultsKnowledge‐based plans were similar or better than n‐VMAT plans based on a range of target coverage and OAR metrics. Planning target volume (PTV) for validation cases was 30.5 ± 19.1 cc (range 7.0–71.7 cc). KBPs provided an average CI of 1.04 ± 0.04 (0.97–1.11) vs. n‐VMAT plan'saverage CI of 1.01 ± 0.04 (0.97–1.17) (P < 0.05) with slightly improved GI with KBPs (P < 0.05). D2cm was similar between the KBPs and n‐VMAT plans. KBPs provided lower lung V10Gy (P = 0.003), V20Gy (P = 0.007), and mean lung dose (P < 0.001). KBPs had overall better sparing of OAR at the minimal increased of average total monitor units and beam‐on time by 460 (P < 0.05) and 19.2 s, respectively. Quality assurance phantom measurement showed similar treatment delivery accuracy. Utilizing a CGS of 2.5 mm in the final optimization improved planning time (mean, 5 min) with minimal or no cost to the plan quality.ConclusionThe RTOG‐compliant adaptable RapidPlan model for early stage SBRT treatment of centrally located lung tumors was developed. All plans met RTOG dosimetric requirements in less than 30 min of planning time, potentially offering shorter “simulation to treatment” times. OAR sparing via KBPs may permit tumorcidal dose escalation with minimal penalties. Same day adaptive re‐planning is plausible with a 2.5‐mm CGS optimizer setting.
Design of 2D Layered Catalyst by Coherent Heteroepitaxial Conversion for Robust Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Sim Yeoseon , Yoon Aram , Kang Hee Seong , Kwak Jinsung , Kim Se‐Yang , Jo Yongsu , Choe Daeseong , Na Woongki , Lee Min Hee , Park Soon‐Dong , Song Seunguk , Kim Daeyong , Yoo Jung‐Woo , Kim Sung Youb , Cheong Hyeonsik , Lee Jae Sung , Lee Chul‐Ho , Lee Zonghoon , Kwon Soon‐Yong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe structural engineering of 2D layered materials is emerging as a powerful strategy to design catalysts for high‐performance hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the ultimate test of this technology under typical operating settings lies in the reduced performance and the shortened lifespan of these catalysts. Here, a novel approach is proposed to design efficient and robust HER catalysts through out‐of‐plane deformation of 2D heterojunction using metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition. High‐yield, single‐crystalline WTe2 nanobelts are used as an epitaxial template for their coherent conversion to WS2. During the conversion process, the WTe2/WS2 heterostructure containing both lateral and vertical junctions are achieved by coherent heteroepitaxial stacking despite differences in symmetry. The lattice coherency drives out‐of‐plane deformation of heteroepitaxially grown WS2. The increase in the effective surface area and decrease in the electron‐transfer resistance across the 2D heterojunctions in turn enhances the HER performance as well as the long‐term durability of these electrocatalysts.
Metal Halide Scintillators with Fast and Self‐Absorption‐Free Defect‐Bound Excitonic Radioluminescence for Dynamic X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Zhang Muyi , Wang Xiaoming , Yang Bo , Zhu Jinsong , Niu Guangda , Wu Haodi , Yin Lixiao , Du Xinyuan , Niu Ming , Ge Yongshuai , Xie Qingguo , Yan Yanfa , Tang Jiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractScintillators for radiation detection are of great significance in medical imaging, security, and nondestructive inspection. The current challenge for scintillators is to simultaneously achieve high scintillation light yield, fast radioluminescence, simple film fabrication, large X‐ray attenuation efficiency as well as stable and nontoxic compositions; no previous scintillators fulfill all the above requirements. Here, metal halide Rb2AgBr3, possessing defect‐bound excitonic radioluminescence, is shown as efficient and fast scintillators. This nontoxic and stable scintillator emits from excitons bound to neutral bromine vacancies, enjoying an efficient and spin‐allowed fast emission with minimized self‐absorption. Rb2AgBr3 thus has a high light yield (25 600 photons MeV−1), fast scintillation decay time (5.31 ns), and a record value of light yield versus decay time (4821 photons MeV−1 ns−1). The close‐space sublimation method is developed for fast and scalable fabrication of oriented Rb2AgBr3 films. The scintillator film is further integrated with commercial flat‐panel imagers, and the spatial resolution reaches 10.2 line pairs per millimeter at the modulation transfer function of 0.2, doubling the resolution of conventional CsI:Tl flat‐panel detectors. The dynamic X‐ray imaging and its use to real‐time monitoring of bone movement without ghosting effect is also demonstrated.
Recent Progress of Vacancy Engineering for Electrochemical Energy Conversion Related Applications
Authors: Wu Zexing , Zhao Ying , Jin Wei , Jia Baohua , Wang Jie , Ma Tianyi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEfficient electrocatalysts are key requirements for the development of ecofriendly electrochemical energy‐related technologies and devices. It is widely recognized that the introduction of vacancies is becoming an important and valid strategy to promote the electrocatalytic performances of the designed nanomaterials. In this review, the significance of vacancies (i.e., cationic vacancies, anionic vacancies, and mixed vacancies) on the improvement of electrocatalytic performances via three main functionalities, including tuning the electronic structure, regulating the active sites, and improving electrical conductivity, is systematically discussed. Recent achievements in vacancy engineering on various hotspot electrocatalytic processes are comprehensively summarized, with focus on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), and their further applications in overall water‐splitting and zinc–air battery devices. The recent development of vacancy engineering for other energy‐related applications is also summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects of vacancy engineering to regulate the electrocatalytic performances of different electrochemical reactions are discussed.
Hammett Relationship in Oxidase‐Mimicking Metal–Organic Frameworks Revealed through a Protein‐Engineering‐Inspired Strategy
Authors: Wu Jiangjiexing , Wang Zhenzhen , Jin Xin , Zhang Shuo , Li Tong , Zhang Yihong , Xing Hang , Yu Yang , Zhang Huigang , Gao Xingfa , Wei Hui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWhile the unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials that enable regulation of nanozyme activities are demonstrated in many systems, quantitative relationships between the nanomaterials structure and their enzymatic activities remain poorly understood, due to the heterogeneity of compositions and active sites in these nanomaterials. Here, inspired by metalloenzymes with well‐defined metal–ligand coordination, a set of substituted metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with similar coordination is employed to investigate the relationship between structure and oxidase‐mimicking activity. Both experimental results and density functional theory calculations reveal a Hammett‐type structure–activity linear free energy relationship (H‐SALR) of MIL‐53(Fe) (MIL = Materials of Institute Lavoisier) nanozymes, in which increasing the Hammett σm value with electron‐withdrawing ligands increases the oxidase‐mimicking activity. As a result, MIL‐53(Fe) NO2 with the strongest electron‐withdrawing NO2 substituent shows a tenfold higher activity than the unsubstituted MIL‐53(Fe). Furthermore, the generality of H‐SALR is demonstrated for a range of substrates, one other metal (Cr), and even one other MOF type (MIL‐101). Such biologically inspired quantitative studies demonstrate that it is possible to identify quantitative structure–activity relationships of nanozymes, and to provide detailed insight into the catalytic mechanisms as those in native enzymes, making it possible to use these relationships to develop high‐performance nanomaterials.
Activatable NIR‐II Plasmonic Nanotheranostics for Efficient Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhou Chunyu , Zhang Liang , Sun Tao , Zhang Yang , Liu Yiding , Gong Mingfu , Xu Zhongsheng , Du Mengmeng , Liu Yun , Liu Gang , Zhang Dong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPrecise manipulation of optical properties through the structure‐evolution of plasmonic nanoparticles is of great interest in biomedical fields including bioimaging and phototherapy. However, previous success has been limited to fixed assembled structures or visible–NIR‐I absorption. Here, an activatable NIR‐II plasmonic theranostics system based on silica‐encapsulated self‐assembled gold nanochains (AuNCs@SiO2) for accurate tumor diagnosis and effective treatment is reported. This transformable chain structure breaks through the traditional molecular imaging window, whose absorption can be redshifted from the visible to the NIR‐II region owing to the fusion between adjacent gold nanoparticles in the restricted local space of AuNCs@SiO2 triggered by the high H2O2 level in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to the generation of a new string‐like structure with strong NIR‐II absorption, which is further confirmed by finite‐difference‐time‐domain (FDTD) simulation. With the TME‐activated characteristics, AuNCs@SiO2 exhibits excellent properties for photoacoustic imaging and a high photothermal conversion efficiency of 82.2% at 1064 nm leading to severe cell death and remarkable tumor growth inhibition in vivo. These prominent intelligent TME‐responsive features of AuNCs@SiO2 may open up a new avenue to explore optical regulated nano‐platform for intelligent, accurate, and noninvasive theranostics in NIR‐II window.