bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical Form of Dietary Selenium Affects the Fatty Acids Profile and Oxidative Stability of Muscles of Broilers Supplemented with Lycopene and Oils
Authors: Czauderna Marian , Białek Małgorzata , Białek Agnieszka , Śliwiński Bogdan , Brzóska Franciszek 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the effects of the addition of different chemical forms of selenium (Se)—selenate (SeVI) or selenized yeast (SeY) to chickens’ diet containing equal amounts of fish (FO) and sunflower oils and lycopene (Lyc) on fatty acids (FA) profile and peroxidation yield in thigh muscles of chickens. FA profile is analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry while content of malondialdehyde is determined by ultra‐fast liquid chromatography (UPLC) with photodiode detection. The diets containing SeY or SeVI increase the feed conversion efficiency of chickens compared with the control diet. SeY or SeVI added to the diet containing Lyc and FO stimulates concentrations of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated (PUFA) FA in muscles. Muscles of chickens fed a diet only with Lyc and FO have the highest indices of atherogenic (A‐SFA) and thrombogenic (T‐SFA) saturated FA and the highest ratios of A‐SFA and T‐SFA to all assayed FA. Dietary Se‐compounds also decrease the PUFA peroxidation indices in muscles compared with the diet containing only FO and Lyc. Therefore Se‐compounds may be added to diets including FO and Lyc to improve the growth parameters, nutritive value, and oxidative stability of chicken meat.Practical Applications: Poultry meat, which is characterized by high protein content of high biological value, high minerals and vitamins, and low collagen and fat content, is recommended as particularly desirable in a balanced diet to replace red and highly processed meat. Also, relatively good price makes this type of meat one of the most popular among consumers. The present study aims to check if inclusion of different chemical forms of selenium into chickens’ diets improves nutritional value of broiler meat. Feeding chickens with seleno‐supplements significantly enhances poultry production efficiency and nutritional value of broilers’ meat, because it favorably modifies FA composition (enhanced monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA and decrease atherogenic and thrombogenic saturated FA in muscles) and reduces lipid oxidation in chickens’ meat. These results are important from the both producers’ and consumers’ point of view and correspond to contemporary nutritional recommendations.
High‐frequency standard deviation of the capacity factor of renewable energy facilities—Part 2: Wind
Authors: Boretti Alberto 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn terms of performances of wind energy installations, it is important to secure for every installation the highest possible average (mean) capacity factor, as well as the lowest possible standard deviation (SD) computed with high frequency. High‐frequency data of wind energy facilities are, however, very hard to be found and there are no estimations in the literature of the SD of the capacity factor of wind energy installations sampled with high frequency. Here, we show the data sampled every 5 minutes for the wind energy facilities connected to the Australian National Electricity Market (NEM) grid during the year 2018. While the average capacity factors are about 33% to 35%, the SDs have only marginally smaller values at about 30%, for coefficients of variation of about 90%. The analysis highlights the extreme variability of wind energy that has been dramatically downplayed so far, stressing the need for energy storage, that coupled to a more sophisticated control of production, storage, and consumption, is finally emerging as the key factor for making possible an efficient, resilient, renewable energy‐only grid. The collected and interpreted information and the provided analysis are filing a gap in the area of renewable energy and energy harvesting technology based on wind and solar photovoltaics where variability has been so far underevaluated.
Norm Index–Based QSAR Model for Acute Toxicity of Pesticides Toward Rainbow Trout
Authors: Jia Qingzhu , Liu Ting , Yan Fangyou , Wang Qiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aquatic ecological environment is being threatened from overuse of pesticides, and the aquatic toxicity toward rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) plays a significant role in environmental risk assessment of agrochemicals. In the present study, 2 norm index formulas were developed, from which several norm descriptors were derived. A quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model was established for the prediction of acute toxicity (median lethal concentration) toward rainbow trout of various pesticides. Results indicated that the present QSAR model presented an R2 of 0.8053. Meanwhile, internal validation (QLOO2 = 0.7606), external validation (Rtraining2 = 0.8011, Rtesting2 = 0.8108), Y-randomization test, and applicability domain analysis further demonstrated the stability, reliability, and wide application domain of the present QSAR model. Accordingly, these norm descriptors might be applicable to the structures of pesticides for predicting the acute toxicity to aquatic organism. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:352–358. © 2019 SETAC
SPH‐based numerical treatment of the interfacial interaction of flow with porous media
Authors: Kazemi Ehsan , Tait Simon , Shao Songdong 
Published: October 2019

SummaryIn this paper, the macroscopic equations of mass and momentum are developed and discretized based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation for the interaction at an interface of flow with porous media. The theoretical background of flow through porous media is investigated to highlight the key constraints that should be satisfied, particularly at the interface between the porous media flow and the overlying free flow. The study aims to investigate the derivation of the porous flow equations, computation of the porosity, and treatment of the interfacial boundary layer. It addresses weak assumptions that are commonly adopted for interfacial flow simulation in particle‐based methods. As support to the theoretical analysis, a two‐dimensional weakly compressible SPH model is developed based on the proposed interfacial treatment. The equations in this model are written in terms of the intrinsic averages and in the Lagrangian form. The effect of particle volume change due to the spatial change of porosity is taken into account, and the extra stress terms in the momentum equation are approximated by using Ergun's equation and the subparticle scale model to represent the drag and turbulence effects, respectively. Four benchmark test cases covering a range of flow scenarios are simulated to examine the influence of the porous boundary on the internal, interface, and external flows. The capacity of the modified SPH model to predict velocity distributions and water surface behavior is fully examined with a focus on the flow conditions at the interfacial boundary between the overlying free flow and the underlying porous media.
AUSM‐like expression of HLLC and its all‐speed extension
Authors: Kitamura Keiichi , Shima Eiji 
Published: October 2019

SummaryAdvection upstream splitting method (AUSM) and Harten‐Lax‐van Leer with contact (HLLC) are two popular families of flux functions. The AUSM is simple and requires no eigenstructure, which facilitates its extensions to general equations of state. Furthermore, one of its variants, simple low‐dissipation AUSM (SLAU), is applicable to all speeds and features removal of parameter setting by the user. HLLC, on the other hand, clearly defines three distinct waves in Riemann problem, namely, left‐running and right‐running acoustic waves, and entropy wave. This paper demonstrates that HLLC can be written in a very similar form with the AUSM family and that the similar manner in extending AUSM family to all speeds is easily incorporated into HLLC in this AUSM‐like form. Then, we combine the strengths of the both flux functions and offer a new inviscid numerical flux function within the framework of monotone upwind scheme for conservation laws (MUSCL) in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for Euler and Navier‐Stokes equations. The resultant HLLC with low dissipation (HLLCL) numerical flux can compute low Mach number flows and sound propagations at the same time with high accuracy, as demonstrated by one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional numerical examples. Furthermore, the results indicate that its extensions to general fluids such as supercritical fluids are encouraging.
Down‐regulation of aquaporin 9 gene transcription by 10‐hydroxy‐2‐decenoic acid: A major fatty acid in royal jelly
Authors: Usui Shigeyuki , Soda Midori , Iguchi Kazuhiro , Abe Naohito , Oyama Masayoshi , Nakayama Tatsushi , Kitaichi Kiyoyuki 
Published: October 2019

Abstract10‐Hydroxy‐trans‐2‐decenoic acid (10H2DA) is a unique lipid component of royal jelly produced by worker honeybees that exerts insulin‐like effects. We herein investigated the effects of 10H2DA on the gene expression of aquaporin 9 (AQP9), which functions as a glycerol transporter in the liver, to clarify whether 10H2DA modulates energy metabolism. 10H2DA suppressed AQP9 gene expression in HepG2 cells by promoting the phosphorylation of Akt and AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK). This suppression was partially recovered by the treatment of cells with inhibitors for Akt and AMPK. Based on the result showing that leptomycin B partially recovered the suppression of AQP9 gene expression, 10H2DA inhibited the expression of Foxa2, a transcription factor for the AQP9 gene, and also induced its nuclear exclusion. Although 10H2DA up‐regulated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose‐6‐phosphatase gene expression, this was suppressed through the modulation of Foxa2 by insulin. These results suggest that 10H2DA suppresses AQP9 gene expression through the phosphorylation of Akt and AMPK and down‐regulation of Foxa2 expression.
The use of mobile systems to access health care big data in the Namibian environment
Authors: Shaanika Irja , Iyamu Tiko 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAs the need for health care services increases, some health facilities in many developing countries such as Namibia are challenged with accessing its big data. Despite the success of mobile systems, its use to access health care big data is challenging, which have impact on manageability and improvement of service delivery. The main problem is that the factors that influence interaction between mobile systems and health care big data are not empirically known within the Namibian context. The Namibian Ministry of Health (MoH) was therefore used as a case in this study. Qualitative methods and an interpretivist approach were employed, and structuration theory was used to underpin the study, which means the theory guided the analysis of the data. From the analysis, five factors were found to influence interaction in the use of mobile systems to access health care big data. On the basis of these factors, a model is proposed, which is a contribution to improving health care service delivery in the country through its practical implications: guiding interactions among health care stakeholders and developing policy for accessing patients' big data.
Distance domination and generalized eccentricity in graphs with given minimum degree
Authors: Dankelmann Peter , Erwin David J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLet be a connected graph and . The ‐distance domination number of is the smallest cardinality of a set of vertices such that every vertex of is within distance from some vertex of . While for , that is, for the ordinary domination number, the problem of finding asymptotically sharp upper bounds in terms of order and minimum degree of the graph has been solved, corresponding bounds for have remained elusive. In this paper, we solve this problem and present an asymptotically sharp upper bound on the ‐distance domination number of a graph in terms of its order and minimum degree, which significantly improves on bounds in the literature. We also obtain an asymptotically sharp upper bound on the ‐radius of graphs in terms of order and minimum degree. For , the ‐radius of is defined as the smallest integer such that there exists a set of vertices of having the property that every vertex of is within distance of some vertex in . We also present improved bounds for graphs of given order, minimum degree and maximum degree, for triangle‐free graphs and for graphs not containing a ‐cycle as a subgraph.
Connectivity keeping trees in 2‐connected graphs
Authors: Hasunuma Toru , Ono Kosuke 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMader [J Graph Theory 65 (2010), 61‐69] conjectured that for any tree of order , every ‐connected graph with minimum degree at least contains a subtree such that is ‐connected. In this paper, we show that for any tree of order , every 2‐connected graph with minimum degree at least contains a subtree such that is 2‐connected, where denotes the number of internal vertices of . Besides, the lower bound on the minimum degree can be improved to and if is a caterpillar and a quasi‐monotone caterpillar, respectively. From our results, it follows that Mader's conjecture for 2‐connected graphs is true for any tree with , any caterpillar with , or any quasi‐monotone caterpillar.
Integrin Antibody Decreases Deformability of Patient‐Derived Pre‐B Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells as Measured by High‐Frequency Acoustic Tweezers
Authors: Liu Hsiao‐Chuan , Gang Eun Ji , Kim Hye Na , Abdel‐Azim Nour , Chen Ruimin , Abdel‐Azim Hisham , Shung K. Kirk , Kim Yong‐Mi 
Published: October 2019

ObjectivesThis article reports a study of cell mechanics in patient‐derived (primary) B‐cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cells treated with antibodies against integrins. Leukemia cell adhesion to stromal cells mediates chemotherapeutic drug resistance, also known as cell adhesion‐mediated chemotherapeutic drug resistance. We have previously shown that antibodies against integrin α4 and α6 adhesion molecules can de‐adhere ALL cells from stromal cells or counter‐receptors. Because drug‐resistant cells are more deformable, as evaluated by single‐beam acoustic tweezers, we hypothesized that changes in cell mechanics might contribute to the de‐adhesive effect of integrin‐targeting antibodies.MethodsIn this study, the deformability of primary pre‐B ALL cells was evaluated by single‐beam acoustic tweezers after treatments with the de‐adhering antibody Tysabri or P5G10 against integrin α4 and α6 adhesion molecules.ResultsWe demonstrated that primary ALL cells treated with P5G10 expressed decreased deformability compared with immunoglobulin G1‐treated control cells (P < .05). Tysabri did not show an effect on deformability (P > .05).ConclusionsThese results suggest that decreased deformability is associated with an integrin α6 blockade. Further assessments of the functional roles of deformability and integrin blockades in B‐ALL cell drug resistance and deformability, respectively, are necessary.
Nanocellular Polymers with a Gradient Cellular Structure Based on Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends Produced by Gas Dissolution Foaming
Authors: Bernardo Victoria , Martin‐de Leon Judith , Sanchez‐Calderon Ismael , Laguna‐Gutierrez Ester , Rodriguez‐Perez Miguel Angel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGraded structures and nanocellular polymers are two examples of advanced cellular morphologies. In this work, a methodology to obtain low‐density graded nanocellular polymers based on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blends produced by gas dissolution foaming is reported. A systematic study of the effect of the processing condition is presented. Results show that the melt‐blending results in a solid nanostructured material formed by nanometric TPU domains. The PMMA/TPU foamed samples show a gradient cellular structure, with a homogeneous nanocellular core. In the core, the TPU domains act as nucleating sites, enhancing nucleation compared to pure PMMA and allowing the change from a microcellular to a nanocellular structure. Nonetheless, the outer region shows a gradient of cell sizes from nano‐ to micron‐sized cells. This gradient structure is attributed to a non‐constant pressure profile in the samples due to gas desorption before foaming. The nucleation in the PMMA/TPU increases as the saturation pressure increases. Regarding the effect of the foaming conditions, it is proved that it is necessary to have a fine control to avoid degeneration of the cellular materials. Graded nanocellular polymers with relative densities of 0.16–0.30 and cell sizes ranging 310–480 nm (in the nanocellular core) are obtained.
Spiral blurring correction with water–fat separation for magnetic resonance fingerprinting in the breast
Authors: Nolte Teresa , Gross‐Weege Nicolas , Doneva Mariya , Koken Peter , Elevelt Aaldert , Truhn Daniel , Kuhl Christiane , Schulz Volkmar 
Published: October 2019

PurposeMagnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) with spiral readout enables rapid quantification of tissue relaxation times. However, it is prone to blurring because of off‐resonance effects. Hence, fat blurring into adjacent regions might prevent identification of small tumors by their quantitative T1 and T2 values. This study aims to correct for the blurring artifacts, thereby enabling fast quantitative mapping in the female breast.MethodsThe impact of fat blurring on spiral MRF results was first assessed by simulations. Then, MRF was combined with 3‐point Dixon water–fat separation and spiral blurring correction based on conjugate phase reconstruction. The approach was assessed in phantom experiments and compared to Cartesian reference measurements, namely inversion recovery (IR), multi‐echo spin echo (MESE), and Cartesian MRF, by normalized root‐mean‐square error (NRMSE) and SD calculations. Feasibility is further demonstrated in vivo for quantitative breast measurements of 6 healthy female volunteers, age range 24–31 y.ResultsIn the phantom experiment, the blurring correction reduced the NRMSE per phantom vial on average from 16% to 8% for T1 and from 18% to 11% for T2 when comparing spiral MRF to IR/MESE sequences. When comparing to Cartesian MRF, the NRMSE reduced from 15% to 8% for T1 and from 12% to 7% for T2. Furthermore, SDs decreased. In vivo, the blurring correction removed fat bias on T1/T2 from a rim of ~7–8 mm width adjacent to fatty structures.ConclusionThe blurring correction for spiral MRF yields improved quantitative maps in the presence of water and fat.
Dipole modeling of multispectral signal for detecting metallic biopsy markers during MRI‐guided breast biopsy: a pilot study
Authors: Eskreis‐Winkler Sarah , Simon Katherine , Reichman Melissa , Spincemaille Pascal , Nguyen Thanh , Kee Youngwook , Cho Junghun , Christos Paul J. , Drotman Michele , Prince Martin R. , Morris Elizabeth A. , Wang Yi 
Published: October 2019

PurposeDuring MRI‐guided breast biopsy, a metallic biopsy marker is deployed at the biopsy site to guide future interventions. Conventional MRI during biopsy cannot distinguish such markers from biopsy site air, and a post‐biopsy mammogram is therefore performed to localize marker placement. The purpose of this pilot study is to develop dipole modeling of multispectral signal (DIMMS) as an MRI alternative to eliminate the cost, inefficiency, inconvenience, and ionizing radiation of a mammogram for biopsy marker localization.MethodsDIMMS detects and localizes the biopsy marker by fitting the measured multispectral imaging (MSI) signal to the MRI signal model and marker properties. MSI was performed on phantoms containing titanium biopsy markers and air to illustrate the clinical challenge that DIMMS addresses and on 20 patients undergoing MRI‐guided breast biopsy to assess DIMMS feasibility for marker detection. DIMMS was compared to conventional MSI field map thresholding, using the post‐procedure mammogram as the reference standard.ResultsBiopsy markers were detected and localized in 20 of 20 cases using MSI with automated DIMMS post‐processing (using a threshold of 0.7) and in 18 of 20 cases using MSI field mapping (using a threshold of 0.65 kHz).ConclusionMSI with DIMMS post‐processing is a feasible technique for biopsy marker detection and localization during MRI‐guided breast biopsy. With a 2‐min MSI scan, DIMMS is a promising MRI alternative to the standard‐of‐care post‐biopsy mammogram.
Kincentric Ecology, Species Maintenance and the Relational Power of Place in Northern Australia
Authors: Kearney Amanda , Bradley John , Brady Liam M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper considers themes of species maintenance and place engagement in Yanyuwa country, northern Australia. It traces the complexity of interpretations and relational contexts involved in places that are commonly – and we argue – misleadingly, referred to as increase and magic sites. Examining one specific place, at which people carry out maintenance rituals, we explore the complex bonds that unite Yanyuwa with the geography that is the Ancestral Hill Kangaroo. Not content with the classificatory habit of declaring actions either increase oriented or hunting magic, this research more fully explicates the relational substance of places that play a key role in ecological health. This is achieved by asking how might the profundity of a place of relational importance, such as a maintenance site, be better understood and written of in ways that convey an Indigenous ontology and epistemology?
The effect of nanomodified epoxy on the tensile and flexural properties of Napier fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Wan Ramli W. M. A. , Abdul Majid M. S. , Ridzuan M. J. M , Sultan M. T. H. , Amin N. A. M. , Gibson A. G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe tensile, flexural, and morphological properties of Napier fiber reinforced nanomodified epoxy composites were investigated. Untreated and alkali‐treated Napier fibers, as well as nanoclay and epoxy resin, were used to fabricate Napier fiber reinforced nanomodified epoxy composites by using cold press compression machines. Napier fiber was treated with 5% dilute sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution for 6 h. Varying amounts of nanoclay filler (3, 5, and 10 wt%) were mixed with the epoxy resin prior to fabricating the Napier fiber reinforced nanomodified epoxy composites. The results of mechanical testing indicated that the alkali‐treated Napier fiber reinforced nanomodified epoxy composites incorporating 5 wt% nanoclay exhibited the highest flexural and tensile properties. Morphological analysis was then conducted to further analyze the fractured specimens following the mechanical tests. The scanning electron microscope images of the Napier fiber reinforced nanomodified epoxy composites that contained 5 wt% nanoclay revealed good interfacial bonding between the matrix and the reinforcement.