bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERANAN KEUCHIK TERHADAP KELANCARAN ADMINISTRASI GAMPONG MENURUT QANUN NOMOR 5 TAHUN 2003 TENTANG PEMERINTAH GAMPONG
Authors: Suhaibah Armiwal 
Published: September 2020

Provinsi Aceh merupakan satuan pemerintah daerah yang diberi status oleh pemerintah pusat otonomi khusus (lex spesialis), yang selanjutnya diatur dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang pemerintahan Aceh. Tentu kewenangan serta pengelolaan pemerintahanya berbeda jika dibandingkan dengan provinsi lain di Indonesia, hal tersebut jelas terimplementasi dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Tahun 1999 tentang keistimewaan Aceh.
Adanya Qanun Pemerintahan Gampong Nomor 5 Tahun 2003 di Gampong merupakan salah satu dimensi penting dalam rangka mewujudkan cita-cita demokratisasi dan reformasi pemerintahan yang di dalamnya juga mengatur mengenai Pemerintahan Gampong. Dengan adanya perangkat hukum tersebut telah membuka peluang bagi terwujudnya demokratisasi sampai pada tingkat pedesaan melalui perubahan konfigurasi pemerintahan desa sebagai institusi perwakilan rakyat di tingkat gampong yang mempunyai kedudukan sejajar dan menjadi mitra pemerintah gampong.
Pemerintah gampong merupakan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan yang dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah gampong dan tuha peuet gampong. pemerintah gampong terdiri dari kepala gampong dan perangkat gampong. perangkat gampong bertugas membantu kinerja kepala gampong dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugas dan fungsi-fungsi pemerintah gampong. perangkat gampong terdiri dari sekretaris gampong dan perangkat gampong lainnya. bersama perangkat gampong, kepala gampong sebagai pimpinan struktur pemerintah desa memiliki peranan yang signifikan dalam pengelolaan proses sosial dalam masyarakat gampong (Qanun Pemerintahan Gampong Nomor 5 tahun 2003).
Keuchik sesuai dengan kedudukannya sebagai pimpinan dalam sebuah Gampong bertugas untuk menyelenggarakan urusan rumah tangganya sendiri, menjalankan urusan pemerintah, pembangunan dan pembinaan masyarakat, serta mengarahkan masyarakatnya kepada usaha-usaha untuk memperlancar pelaksanaan kegiatan pemerintahan dan pembangunan Gampong. Keberhasilan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan gampong juga sangat dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan untuk melaksanakan administrasi Gampong dengan baik.

Kata Kunci : Peran Keuchik Dalam Administrasi Gampong
Muhammadiyah dan Salafisme: Sebuah Survei Singkat Tentang Titik Temu dan Titik Seteru
Authors: ZTF Pradana Boy 
Published: September 2020

Di antara banyak tantangan kontemporer yang dihadapi oleh Muhammadiyah adalah penetrasi pemikiran dan gerakan Islam lain yang memiliki persinggungan ideologis dengan Muhammadiyah. Di antara banyak gerakan itu, Salafisme adalah salah satunya. Penetrasi Salafisme ke dalam Muhammadiyah memang telah menghadirkan sikap dan respons yang beragam, utamanya di kalangan Muhammadiyah sendiri. Sementara dari kalangan lain, tidak jarang muncul pula identifikasi Muhammadiyah dengan salafisme dan bahkan radikalisme. Seringkali, respons itu bersifat artifisial dan teknis, sementara respons yang mendalam dan detail cenderung sulit ditemukan. Tulisan ini merupakan survei awal sederhana untuk memetakan dialektika Muhammadiyah dan Salafisme. Sebagai survei singkat, tulisan ini belum sepenuhnya masuk ke dalam perbandingan yang detail dan mendalam. Akan tetapi, tulisan ini menawarkan sebuah cara pandang khas tentang bagaimana memahami dialektika Muhammadiyah dan Salafisme dewasa ini.
Prelocalization and leak detection in drinking water distribution networks using modeling-based algorithms: a case study for the city of Casablanca (Morocco)
Authors: Taghlabi Faycal , Sour Laila , Agoumi Ali 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The role of a drinking water distribution network (DWDN)
is to supply high-quality water at the necessary pressure at various times
of the day for several consumption scenarios. Locating and identifying water
leakage areas has become a major concern for managers of the water supply,
to optimize and improve constancy of supply. In this paper, we present the
results of field research conducted to detect and to locate leaks in the
DWDN focusing on the resolution of the Fixed And Variable Area Discharge
(FAVAD) equation by use of the prediction algorithms in conjunction with
hydraulic modeling and the Geographical Information System (GIS). The leak
localization method is applied in the oldest part of Casablanca. We have
used, in this research, two methodologies in different leak episodes: (i) the
first episode is based on a simulation of artificial leaks on the MATLAB
platform using the EPANET code to establish a database of pressures that
describes the network's behavior in the presence of leaks. The data thus
established have been fed into a machine learning algorithm called random forest,
which will forecast the leakage rate and its location in the network;
(ii) the second was field-testing a real simulation of artificial leaks by
opening and closing of hydrants, on different locations with a leak size of
6 and 17 L s−1. The two methods converged to comparable results. The leak
position is spotted within a 100 m radius of the actual leaks.
A universal Standardized Precipitation Index candidate distribution function for observations and simulations
Authors: Pieper Patrick , Düsterhus André , Baehr Johanna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is a widely accepted drought index. Its calculation algorithm normalizes the index via a distribution function. Which distribution function to use is still disputed within the literature. This study illuminates that long-standing dispute and proposes a solution that ensures the normality of the index for all common accumulation periods in observations and simulations. We compare the normality of SPI time series derived with the gamma, Weibull, generalized gamma, and the exponentiated Weibull distribution. Our normality comparison is based on a complementary evaluation. Actual compared to theoretical occurrence probabilities of SPI categories evaluate the absolute performance of candidate distribution functions. Complementary, the Akaike information criterion evaluates candidate distribution functions relative to each other while analytically punishing complexity. SPI time series, spanning 1983–2013, are calculated from the Global Precipitation Climatology Project's monthly precipitation dataset, and seasonal precipitation hindcasts are from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. We evaluate these SPI time series over the global land area and for each continent individually during winter and summer. While focusing on regional performance disparities between observations and simulations that manifest in an accumulation period of 3 months, we additionally test the drawn conclusions for other common accumulation periods (1, 6, 9, and 12 months). Our results suggest that calculating SPI with the commonly used gamma distribution leads to deficiencies in the evaluation of ensemble simulations. Replacing it with the exponentiated Weibull distribution reduces the area of those regions where the index does not have any skill for precipitation obtained from ensemble simulations by more than one magnitude. The exponentiated Weibull distribution maximizes also the normality of SPI obtained from observational data and a single ensemble simulation. We demonstrate that calculating SPI with the exponentiated Weibull distribution delivers better results for each continent and every investigated accumulation period, irrespective of the heritage of the precipitation data. Therefore, we advocate the employment of the exponentiated Weibull distribution as the basis for SPI.
ARSENIC-INDUCED DOWNSHIFT OF RAMAN BAND POSITIONS FOR PYRITE
Authors: Zhu Qiaoqiao , Cook Nigel J. , Xie Guiqing , Wade Benjamin P. , Ciobanu Cristiana L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Pyrite commonly incorporates a wide range of trace and minor elements, which in turn may modify some of the mineral’s physical and chemical properties. Published band position data for the Raman spectra of pyrite show a wide variation, and the relationship between band position and the trace/minor element incorporation in pyrite is poorly constrained until now. This prompted a case study on pyrite with varying As content from the Shizilishan Sr-(Pb-Zn) deposit, eastern China, combining electron probe microanalysis with Raman spectroscopy. Results show a significant correlation, with a major downshift (~10 cm–1) of the positions of all three Raman bands with increase of As content from below 0.05 to 4.89 wt % in pyrite. This phenomenon is attributed to increased bond lengths and local distortions within an expanded pyrite crystal structure. Results highlight the potential that Raman spectroscopy offers to estimate the contents of trace/minor elements—especially As—in pyrite. Given that substitution of As into pyrite often facilitates co-incorporation of both economically useful (Au) and environmentally significant elements (Hg and Tl), Raman methodology could provide valuable, rapid assessment of pyrite chemistry in both gold deposit exploration and environmental science, although the impact of laser heating and mechanical polishing needs to be avoided or effectively reduced. Raman spectroscopy may also find a valuable future role within semiautomated multispectral analytical platforms that can generate close- to-real-time geologic information on freshly drilled core directly at the drill site or in outcrop.
Dispute-wise in the Supply Chain?
Authors: Brink Martin 
Published: September 2020

Dispute-wise in the Supply Chain?
In this article, some recommendations are mentioned how to be dispute-wise when confronted with (potential) conflict in a supply chain. Relationships in a supply chain may encounter strain – if not real conflict - at certain points in time. The following recommendations can be very effective and helpful when practised consequently when things become complicated in the supply chain.
Social Impact Assessment and Mediation
Authors: De Groot Eelco 
Published: September 2020

Social Impact Assessment and Mediation
A Social Impact Assessment is often a formal requirement to determine and prevent social risks at greenfield development of complex infrastructural projects. This article discusses the background and building blocks with the different tiers of Business to Community mediation; a neutral, facilitated, dialogue and information sharing, negotiation, joint fact-finding and formal mediation.
Spatial distribution pattern of dryland plants: Turing pattern in water limited conditions
Authors: Shima Keita , Hoshino Buho , Tian Ying , E Zoljargal , Bao Saixialt , Na Yintay , I Myagmarjav , P Myagmartseren 
Published: September 2020

The plants in the Gobi desert region are sparsely distributed on a vast bare field, it is extremely difficult to accurately observe from the satellite. For the reason, the reflectance of dry soil is very high and the reflectance of slightly distributed plants is eliminated by soil reflection. As a result, the pixel’s NDVI value of desert plants shows a smaller value than the ground measurement. In this study, we succeeded to analyze Turing pattern of vegetation abundance using the method of spectral un-mixing for satellite data of the Gobi plants. It is shown that the fraction of the vegetation endmember after pixel un-mixing has a remarkably high correlation (R2=0.51 in Landsat 8 and R2=0.41 in Sentinel 2) with the ground true value of vegetation coverage.
Гандуу бүсийн ургамлын орон зайн тархалт: тюрингийн хэлбэршил ус гачиг нөхцөлд илрэх нь
Говь цөлийн ургамалшил нь асар уудамгазар дээр алаг цоог мөртлөө тачир сийрэг тархдаг тул хиймэл дагуулаас нарийвчлан ажиглахад хэцүү байдаг. Гол шалтгаан ньзайнаас тандсанцацраг туяа нь хуурай нүцгэн хөрсний маш өндөр ойлтын нөлөөгөөртачир сийрэг ургамлын цацрагийн ойлт сул, шингээлт нь дарагдаж илэрдэггүй байдал юм. Үүний үр дүнд цөлийн ургамлын хйимэл дагуулын зураг дээрх утга нь газрын гадаргуу дээр шууд хийсэн хэмжилтээс бага утгыг харуулж байдаг. Энэхүү судалгаанд бид хиймэл дагуулын мэдээг спектр үл холих аргыг ашиглан боловсруулжговийн ургамалшил Тюрингийн хэлбэршлийн дагуу тархаж байгаа зүйтогтлыг батлав. Спектр үл холих аргаар тогтоосон ургамлан бүрхэвчийн зайнаас тандсан мэдээ нь газрын бодит хэмжилтийн утгатай харьцангуй сайн хамааралтай (Ландсат 8-д R2 = 0.51, Сентинел 2-т R2 = 0.41) байна. Түлхүүр үг: Спектр үл холих арга,Говь цөлийн ургамлын тархац
The greenhouse planning and the chronometerge result of its mechanized work
Authors: B Dolgormaa , L Lkhagvasuren , B Munkhbat 
Published: September 2020

In action plan of Mongolian government of 2016-2020, it was stated that “The government will develop the model of warm house and greenhouse; then the complex enterprise. Furthermore, citizens of the urban area will be supplied by fresh vegetables constantly. We made the chronometerage research of land plowing period and greenhouse planning. Also, we made mathematical processing by the result of the research work. We determined the fuel consumption of land plowing period and the coefficient of operation time.
Хүлэмжийн төлөвлөлт, түүний зарим механикжсан ажлын хронометражийн судалгааны дүн
Монгол Улсын Засгийн газрын үйл ажиллагааны 2016-2020 оны мөрийн хөтөлбөрт “Өвөл, зуны хүлэмжийн загвар, цогцолбор аж ахуйг хөгжүүлж, хот суурингийн хүн амыг шинэ ургацын ногоогоор тогтвортой хангана” гэжзаасан байна.Хүлэмжийн аж ахуйн төлөвлөлт, хагалгааны үеийн хронометражийн судалгааг хийж, үр дүнгээр математик боловсруулалт хийж хагалгааны үеийн бүтээл шатахууны зарцуулалт, ээлжийн цаг ашиглалтын илтгэлцүүрийг тодорхойлов. Түлхүүр үг: Хүлэмж, хагалгаа, түлш зарцуулалт, хронометраж
Semantic and Syntactic Interoperability Issues in the Context of SDI
Authors: Chojka Agnieszka 
Published: September 2020

Interoperability is one of the core concepts of Spatial Data Infrastructure due to the fact that exchange and access to spatial data is the foremost aim of any SDI. These issues are closely related to the concept of application schema that plays a significant role in interchanging spatial data and information across SDI. It is the basis of a successful data interchange between two systems as it defines the possible content and structure of data, thus it covers both semantic and syntactic interoperability. These matters also appear in a couple of questions concerning SDI including, among others, a model‑driven approach and data specifications.
Spatial data exchange through SDI involves UML and GML application sche­mas that comprise semantic and syntactic interoperability respectively. How­ever, working out accurate and correct application schemas may be a challenge. Moreover, their faultiness or complexity may influence the ability to valid data interchange.
The principal subject of this paper is to present the concept of interoperability in SDI, especially semantic and syntactic, as well as to discuss the role of UML and GML application schemas during the interoperable exchange of spatial data over SDI. Considerations were conducted focusing on the European SDI and the National SDI in Poland.
Confidence intervals for the common coefficient of variation of rainfall in Thailand
Authors: Thangjai Warisa , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat 
Published: September 2020

The log-normal distribution is often used to analyze environmental data like daily rainfall amounts. The rainfall is of interest in Thailand because high variable climates can lead to periodic water stress and scarcity. The mean, standard deviation or coefficient of variation of the rainfall in the area is usually estimated. The climate moisture index is the ratio of plant water demand to precipitation. The climate moisture index should use the coefficient of variation instead of the standard deviation for comparison between areas with widely different means. The larger coefficient of variation indicates greater dispersion, whereas the lower coefficient of variation indicates the lower risk. The common coefficient of variation, is the weighted coefficients of variation based on k areas, presents the average daily rainfall. Therefore, the common coefficient of variation is used to describe overall water problems of k areas. In this paper, we propose four novel approaches for the confidence interval estimation of the common coefficient of variation of log-normal distributions based on the fiducial generalized confidence interval (FGCI), method of variance estimates recovery (MOVER), computational, and Bayesian approaches. A Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the coverage probabilities and average lengths of the confidence intervals. In terms of coverage probability, the results show that the FGCI approach provided the best confidence interval estimates for most cases except for when the sample case was equal to six populations (k = 6) and the sample sizes were small (nI < 50), for which the MOVER confidence interval estimates were the best. The efficacies of the proposed approaches are illustrated with example using real-life daily rainfall datasets from regions of Thailand.
Assessment of the Methods Employed in the Valuation of Intellectual Property in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Eburu Olaoluwaniyi Ebenezer , Bello Victoria Amietsenwu 
Published: September 2020

The study investigated the methods employed in the valuation of IP in Lagos State, Nigeria; examined the relationship between method of intellectual valuation and academic qualification of estate surveyors and valuers. We adopted a quantitative survey and questionnaire as instrument for gathering relevant data from stakeholders in the study area. The findings revealed that the traditional method; cost method (M = 1.99, SD = 0.108; market method (M = 1.96, SD = 0.186) and income method (M = 1.86, SD = 0.350) are the most commonly used methods for valuing IP in the study area. The result also shows a significant relationship between traditional methods of IP valuation and academic qualification of estate surveyors and valuers; cost method ( = 1.377, p = 0.013), market method ( =1.367, p = 0.033), income method ( = 15.073, p = 0.002), profit/account method ( = 13.467, p = 0.004) and discounted cash flow ( = 1.595, p = 0.024). The study thereby conclude that estate professionals are more aware and conversant with the traditional method than the advanced method of valuation. Therefore, estate professionals will need to ensure clear understanding of the various methods of valuing intellectual property and their application.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Root Extract of Panicum maximum
Authors: Udobang John A. , Okokon Jude E. , Obot Daniel N. , Edem Utibe A. 
Published: September 2020

Background: Panicum maximum root is used routinely to treat ailments such as malaria, fever, pains and inflammatory diseases by traditional medicine practitioners.
Aim: The study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of P. maximum root so as to validate its uses by practitioners of traditional medicine.
Methodology: The root of P. maximum (dried powdered material) was extracted in ethanol using cold maceration technique. The root crude extract (137 –547 mg/kg) of P. maximum was investigated for anti-inflammatory activity using various experimental models; carrageenan, egg albumin and xylene - induced edema models.
Results: The root extract of P. maximum caused significant (p<0.05 – 0.001) reduction of inflammation induced by the phlogistic agents in a dose-dependent fashion. The recorded anti-inflammatory effects were comparable to those initiated by 100 mg/kg acetyl salicylic acid (ASA, standard drug) used in some of the models here. The anti-inflammatory effect of this plant may be attributed to the phytochemical constituents of the plant.
Conclusion: The findings from this research confirm the ethnomedical use of Panicum maximum root in treating inflammatory conditions.
Evaluation of Leaf Extract of Pawpaw (Carica papaya (L.)) in the Control of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) in Garden Egg (Solanum melongena (L.))
Authors: Umar I. , Aji M. B. , Haruna A. 
Published: September 2020

The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica is one of the most important soil borne pathogen affecting Garden eggplant in Nigeria. The study was conducted in the Screen house of Department of Crop Protection, Modibbo Adama University of Technology in 2013 to evaluate the effect of (Pawpaw) Carica papaya leaf powder for the control of root-knot nematode M. javanica on Garden egg. The experiment consisted of five treatments replicated three times in a Completely Randomized Design in the screen house. C. papaya powder at different levels 50 g, 40 g, 30 g, 20 g and control which received no treatment were incorporated into fifteen (15) separate pots of 20cm diameter containing 4 kg sterilized soil. Data collected on plant height (cm), number of leaves, fresh shoot weight (g), fresh root weight, dry root weight (g), gall index and final nematode population. The result indicated that Garden eggplant amended with 50 g C. papaya recorded higher growth parameters, plant height (33.75 cm), number of leaves (29.00), fresh shoot weight (145.40 g), gall index (1.33) and the least final nematode population (160.50), whereas the control recorded the least growth parameters, plant height (10.20cm), number of leaves (9.33), fresh shoot weight (9.76 g) and highest gall index (5.0) and final nematode population (1063.87). It can then concluded that Carica papaya powder when used as an amendment was effective in controlling M. javanica in garden egg under screenhouse and has the potential for use as a nematicide in the future. This study recommends that C. papaya leaf powder should be put to field trials to ascertain its efficacy in controlling M. javanica on garden egg.
Antibacterial and Phytochemical Properties of Crude Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam., Pterocarpus santalinoides L’Herit DC and Ceiba pentandra L. on Some Clinical Bacterial Isolates in Nigeria
Authors: Njokuocha Reginald C. , Ewenike Anthonia E. 
Published: September 2020

Aims: The study was carried out to determine the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of fresh leaves of Moringa oleifera Lam., Pterocarpus santalinoides L’Herit DC and Ceiba pentandra L. on bacterial isolates; Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Methodology: The plant leaves were dried, pulverized and phytochemical tests were done according to standard laboratory procedure. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were obtained from 20 g of the of the ground leaves. Antibacterial assay was carried out with Disc diffusion method on seven concentrations of the extracts ;100,50,25,12.5, 6.25,3.125,1.5625 mg/ml and compared with standard antibiotics. Isolated bacterial pathogens; Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.0 x 105 cfu /ml) were used as test organisms.
Results: Alkaloids, steroidal aglycones, glycosides, proteins, carbohydrates, reducing sugars, tannins, saponins, vitamins A and E were present in all the plant samples. Flavonoids and cardiac glycosides were not detected in Pterocarpus santalinoides and Ceiba pentandra, respectively. Anthracene glycoside was absent in all samples. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of M. oleifera showed antibacterial activities against all the bacterial isolates at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.125 mg/ml and 1.5625 mg/ml respectively. Pterocarpus santalinoides showed inhibitory activity only on Salmonella typhi at 3.125 mg/ml and Escherichia coli 1.5625 mg/ml MIC. Ceiba pentandra showed spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the bacterial isolates at 1.56 mg/ml MIC with exception of Salmonella typhi. E. coli was the most susceptible to the leaf extracts. Salmonella typhi was not sensitive to the leaf extracts of Ceiba pentandra, while Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not sensitive to the leaf extracts of Pterocarpus santalinoides.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that both aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts had antibacterial activity against the test organism, thus justifying their use in folklore medicine.