bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanofiber‐based Multifunctional Microspheres for Rapid Hemostasis and Microorganism Removal of Water
Authors: Li Qing , Ye Lingjun , Leng Yanqiu , Yu Kun , Hu Enling , Lu Fei , Xie Ruiqi , Jiang Sha , Gao Hang , Bao Rong , Dai Fangyin , Lan Guangqian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConstructing hemostats capable of effectively controlling severe hemorrhage from irregular wounds presents significant challenges and imperatives. In this study, a novel approach is introduced using nanofibrous chitin microspheres (NCM) that are compressed to 60% strain (NCM‐60%) to amplify their water‐initiated expansion performance. This unique capacity allows NCM‐60% to efficiently conform to and fill irregular bleeding cavities, even those of varying depths and curvatures, thereby promoting rapid blood coagulation at deep hemorrhage sites. NCM‐60% exhibits effective control of severe femoral artery and “J”‐shaped liver hemorrhages in 151 ± 6 s and 68 ± 15 s, respectively, revealing its exceptional hemostatic efficacy. Furthermore, NCM‐60% exhibited promising capabilities in removing microbes from water, achieving removal rates of over 96% of bacteria. Blood compatibility assessments and cytotoxicity tests further confirmed the favorable biocompatibility of NCM‐60%. Importantly, NCM‐60% is found to biodegrade and be absorbed in vivo within 12 weeks. This study represents the first instance of leveraging chitin nanofiber‐based biomaterials to design water‐initiated expansion micro‐hemostat, and integrate hemostatic functions with waterborne microorganism removal, thereby expanding the potential applications of micro‐nanostructural materials in emergency first‐aid scenarios.
Suspending Light‐Absorbing Nanoparticles in Silica Aerogel Enables Numerous Superblacks
Authors: Li Guangyong , Wang Leyi , Ji Xiaofei , Zhang Xuetong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCurrent strategies for constructing sparse nanostructures for fabricating superblacks are only suitable for a few light‐absorbing materials, severely limiting their applications. Herein, ultra‐low reflective silica aerogels with ultra‐high light transparency are used as solid smokes to individually or simultaneously suspend at least 100 species of light‐absorbing nanoparticles with a volume fraction as low as 0.005%, for creating > 100 superblacks in practice and one billion superblacks in theory if taken permutation and combination among these 0D, 1D, or 2D nanoparticles into account. Depending on the composition of suspended nanoparticles and the structure of solid smoke, the resulting mechanically robust superblacks with supplementary properties including magnetism, full‐spectrum absorption, high thermal stability, and excellent mechanical strength, are first observed. The wide choice of metallic or semiconductive LNs allows as‐made superblacks to glitter in different catalytic reactions, and the resulting superblacks have been on‐demand modified for endowing the self‐cleaning performance in some contaminable environments. Benefiting from the superblack feature and porous network, these superblack monoliths have shown high‐efficiency solar‐heat conversion in some emerging light harvesting and managing fields. This powerful synthetic strategy for superblacks is expected to inspire researchers to conduct in‐depth investigations on super‐black optics, functional materials, etc.
2D Conjugated Metal‐Organic Frameworks for New Generation Flexible Multicolor Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Zhao Qi , Yang Jing , Wang Qing , Zhang Yong‐Wei , Wang John 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere has been considerable interest in 2D conductive conjugated MOFs (2D c‐MOFs) for their potential applications in sensors, opto‐electronics, catalysis, and energy storage, owing to their ultra‐high specific surface area, relatively high electrical conductivity, and tunable pore channel sizes for ion/charge diffusion/adsorption. The unique advantages brought by systematic tunings in the metal nodes and organic ligands enable the creation of highly accessible and remarkable structures with diverse chemical and physical behaviors. While the 2D c‐MOFs are being explored for the rapid widening spectrum of applications, in this work, the great potential of multicolor transitions and functional properties of these 2D c‐MOFs are examined for the new generation of flexible multicolor electrochromic devices (FMEDs). Despite the rather limited and yet steady progress that has been made so far, 2D c‐MOFs offer great opportunities in addressing the monotonous color switching, undesirable stability, as well as the sluggish kinetics of electron/ion transportation, which are typically encountered by the conventional electrochromic materials. Together with the main challenges that are being faced, this perspective provides a timely re‐visit to the expected transition in the near future from the proof‐of‐concept demonstration to the eventual industrial‐scale implementation of 2D c‐MOFs in the new generation FEMDs.
Efficient Gate‐Tunable Hot‐Carrier Photocurrent from Perovskite Multiple Quantum Wells
Authors: Wang Chenhao , Wei Qi , Ren Hui , Wong Kin Long , Liu Qi , Zhou Luwei , Wang Pengzhi , Cai Songhua , Yin Jun , Li Mingjie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHot‐carrier relaxation above the bandgap results in significant energy losses, making the extraction of hot carriers a critical challenge for efficient hot‐carrier photocurrent generation in devices. In this study, we observe long‐lived hot carriers in the metal‐halide perovskite multiple quantum wells, (BA)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1 (n = 3), and demonstrate effective hot‐hole photocurrent generation using 2D MoS₂ as an extraction layer. A high external quantum efficiency of short‐circuit hot‐carrier photocurrent of up to 35.4% is achieved. Further enhancement in photocurrent efficiency and open‐circuit photovoltage is achieved when a gate electric field is applied, resulting in an external quantum efficiency of up to 61.9%. Evidence of hot‐hole extraction is validated through operando transient reflection measurements on the working devices, with studies that depend on wavelength, carrier density, and gate voltage. DFT calculations on the heterostructure devices under different bias voltages further elucidate the mechanism of hot‐hole extraction enhancement. These findings underscore the potential of perovskite multiple quantum wells as long‐lived hot‐carrier generators and highlight the role of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors as efficient hot‐carrier extraction electrodes for low‐power optoelectronics.
Isolation of Biomolecules Using MXenes
Authors: Vojoudi Hossein , Soroush Masoud 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBiomolecule isolation is a crucial process in diverse biomedical and biochemical applications, including diagnostics, therapeutics, research, and manufacturing. Recently, MXenes, a novel class of two‐dimensional nanomaterials, have emerged as promising adsorbents for this purpose due to their unique physicochemical properties. These biocompatible and antibacterial nanomaterials feature a high aspect ratio, excellent conductivity, and versatile surface chemistry. This timely review explores the potential of MXenes for isolating a wide range of biomolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules, while highlighting key future research trends and innovative applications poised to transform the field. This review provides an in‐depth discussion of various synthesis methods and functionalization techniques that enhance the specificity and efficiency of MXenes in biomolecule isolation. In addition, the mechanisms by which MXenes interact with biomolecules are elucidated, offering insights into their selective adsorption and customized separation capabilities. This review also addresses recent advancements, identifies existing challenges, and examines emerging trends that may drive the next wave of innovation in this rapidly evolving area.
AI‐Powered Multimodal Modeling of Personalized Hemodynamics in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Ozturk Caglar , Pak Daniel H. , Rosalia Luca , Goswami Debkalpa , Robakowski Mary E. , McKay Raymond , Nguyen Christopher T. , Duncan James S. , Roche Ellen T. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular heart disease in developed countries. High‐fidelity preclinical models can improve AS management by enabling therapeutic innovation, early diagnosis, and tailored treatment planning. However, their use is currently limited by complex workflows necessitating lengthy expert‐driven manual operations. Here, we propose an AI‐powered computational framework for accelerated and democratized patient‐specific modeling of AS hemodynamics from computed tomography (CT). First, we demonstrate that the automated meshing algorithms can generate task‐ready geometries for both computational and benchtop simulations with higher accuracy and 100 times faster than existing approaches. Then, we show that the approach can be integrated with fluid‐structure interaction and soft robotics models to accurately recapitulate a broad spectrum of clinical hemodynamic measurements of diverse AS patients. The efficiency and reliability of these algorithms make them an ideal complementary tool for personalized high‐fidelity modeling of AS biomechanics, hemodynamics, and treatment planning.
Platelet–Monocyte Aggregate Instigates Inflammation and Vasculopathy in Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Jia Cuiping , Guo Manli , Chen Qian , Wen Ying , Wang Ting , Xie Yinyin , Fan Xuejiao , Gao Jingwen , Yarovinsky Timur O. , Liu Renjing , Jiang Zhiyong , Wang Mengmeng , Zhou Jin , Che Di , Fu Lanyan , Edelson Richard , Gu Xiaoqiong , Hwa John , Tang Wai Ho 
Published: December 2024

AbstractKawasaki disease (KD) is a severe acute febrile illness and systemic vasculitis that causes coronary artery aneurysms in young children. Platelet hyperreactivity and an aberrant immune response are key indicators of KD; however, the mechanism by which hyperactive platelets contribute to inflammation and vasculopathy in KD remains unclear. A cytokine‐mediated positive feedback loop between KD platelets and monocytes is identified. KD platelet–monocyte aggregates (MPAs) are mediated by an initial interaction of P‐selectin (cluster of differentiation 62P, CD62p) and its glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL‐1). This is followed by a coordinated interaction of platelet glycoprotein (GP)Ibα with monocyte CD11b. Monocyte‐activated platelets initiate transforming growth factor (TGF)β1 release, which results in nuclear localization of nuclear factor kappaB in monocytes, therefore, driving the phenotypic conversion of classical monocytes (CD14+CD16−) into proinflammatory monocytes (CD14+CD16+). The platelet‐activated monocytes release interleukin‐1 and tissue necrotic factor‐α, which promote further platelet activation. KD‐induced inflammation and vasculopathy are prevented by inhibiting the components of this positive feedback loop. Notably, mice deficient in platelet TGFβ1 show less MPA and CD14+CD16+ monocytes, along with reduced inflammation and vasculopathy. These findings reveal that platelet–monocyte interactive proteins (CD62p/PSGL‐1 and (GP)Ibα/CD11b) and cytokine mediators (platelet TGFβ1) are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for KD vasculopathy.
Utilizing AI for the Identification and Validation of Novel Therapeutic Targets and Repurposed Drugs for Endometriosis
Authors: Liu Bonnie Hei Man , Lin Yuezhen , Long Xi , Hung Sze Wan , Gaponova Anna , Ren Feng , Zhavoronkov Alex , Pun Frank W. , Wang Chi Chiu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEndometriosis affects over 190 million women globally, and effective therapies are urgently needed to address the burden of endometriosis on women's health. Using an artificial intelligence (AI)‐driven target discovery platform, two unreported therapeutic targets, guanylate‐binding protein 2 (GBP2) and hematopoietic cell kinase (HCK) are identified, along with a drug repurposing target, integrin beta 2 (ITGB2) for the treatment of endometriosis. GBP2, HCK, and ITGB2 are upregulated in human endometriotic specimens. siRNA‐mediated knockdown of GBP2 and HCK significantly reduced cell viability and proliferation while stimulating apoptosis in endometrial stromal cells. In subcutaneous and intraperitoneal endometriosis mouse models, siRNAs targeting GBP2 and HCK notably reduced lesion volume and weight, with decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis within lesions. Both subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration of Lifitegrast, an approved ITGB2 antagonist, effectively suppresses lesion growth. Collectively, these data present Lifitegrast as a previously unappreciated intervention for endometriosis treatment and identify GBP2 and HCK as novel druggable targets in endometriosis treatment. This study underscores AI's potential to accelerate the discovery of novel drug targets and facilitate the repurposing of treatment modalities for endometriosis.
TEAD1‐Mediated Trans‐Differentiation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells into Fibroblast‐Like Cells Contributes to the Stabilization and Repair of Disrupted Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Zhai Ming , Lei Zhijun , Shi Yefei , Shi Jiayun , Zeng Yanxi , Gong Shiyu , Jian Weixia , Zhuang Jianhui , Yu Qing , Feinberg Mark W. , Peng Wenhui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAtherosclerotic plaque rupture mainly contributes to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Insufficient repair of these plaques leads to thrombosis and subsequent ACS. Central to this process is the modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotypes, emphasizing their pivotal role in atherosclerotic plaque stability and healing post‐disruption. Here, an expansion of FSP1+ cells in a tandem stenosis (TS) model of atherosclerotic mice is unveiled, predominantly originating from VSMCs through single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) analyses and VSMC lineage tracing studies. Further investigation identified TEA domain transcription factor 1 (TEAD1) as the key transcription factor driving the trans‐differentiation of VSMCs into fibroblast‐like cells. In vivo experiments using a TS model of plaque rupture demonstrated that TEAD1 played a crucial role in promoting plaque stability and healing post‐rupture through pharmacological or TEAD1‐AAV treatments. Mechanistically, it is found that TEAD1 promoted the expression of fibroblast markers through the Wnt4/β‐Catenin pathway, facilitating the trans‐differentiation. Thus, this study illustrated that TEAD1 played a critical role in promoting the trans‐differentiation of VSMCs into fibroblast‐like cells and subsequent extracellular matrix production through the Wnt4/β‐Catenin pathway. Consequently, this process enhanced the healing mechanisms following plaque rupture, elucidating potential therapeutic avenues for managing atherosclerotic instability.
Biomimic Nanodrugs Overcome Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment to Enhance Cuproptosis/Chemodynamic‐Induced Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Wu Hangyi , Lu Xiaoyu , Hu Yuhan , Baatarbolat J. , Zhang Zhihao , Liang Yiping , Zhang Youwen , Liu Ye , Lv Huixia , Jin Xin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractElesclomol (ES) as an efficient Cu ionophore can specifically transport Cu into mitochondria and disrupt intracellular Cu homeostasis. Extra intracellular Cu induces cuproptosis and chemodynamic therapy (CDT), which further cascades immunogenic cell death (ICD) and activates antitumor immune responses. However, the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIM) attenuates the efficiency of the immune response. Herein, a biomimic nanodrug (ECNM) is fabricated, of which ES, Cu2+ and NLG919 (an IDO1 inhibitor) are integrated via a self‐assembly process and subsequently coated with 4T1 cell membrane. ECNM can overcome the typical drawbacks of ES, ameliorating the stability and half‐life of ES by membrane‐coating and enhancing its tumor accumulation and internalization via homotypic targeting. It is worth mentioning that, the addition of NLG919 is also beneficial to the system circulation stability of ES and reduces the non‐specific ES release. After internalization, ECNM dissociates via the glutathione‐responsive process and exhibits comprehensive antitumor capabilities, including cuproptosis, CDT and TIM reversing, thereby eliciting ICD and optimizing the antitumor immune response. Furthermore, ECNM not only accelerates tumor regression but also gains a strong abscopal effect and displays the potential of tumor vaccination. Overall, ECNM can activate antitumor immunity via cuproptosis and CDT, together with TIM reversing, for cancer treatment.
Microglia Process α‐Synuclein Fibrils and Enhance their Pathogenicity in a TREM2‐Dependent Manner
Authors: Xiong Min , Xia Danhao , Yu Honglu , Meng Lanxia , Zhang Xingyu , Chen Jiehui , Tian Ye , Yuan Xin , Niu Xuan , Nie Shuke , Zhang Zhaohui , Liu Chaoyang , Chen Qiang , Ye Keqiang , Zhang Zhentao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the deposition of misfolded α‐synuclein (α‐syn) in the brain. Converging evidence indicates that the intracellular transmission and subsequent templated amplification of α‐syn are involved in the onset and progression of PD. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the cell‐to‐cell transmission of pathological α‐syn remain poorly understood. Microglia is highly activated in the brains of PD patients. Here, it is shown that depletion of microglia slows the spread of pathological α‐syn pathology in mice injected with α‐syn fibrils. Microglia phagocytose α‐syn fibrils and transform them into more toxic species. The phagocytosis of α‐syn fibrils by microglia is partially mediated by triggering a receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of microglia. The endocytosed α‐syn fibrils are then cleaved by the lysosomal proteinase asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) to generate truncated α‐syn 1–103 fibrils with enhanced seeding activity. Knockout of TREM2 and AEP impedes the endocytosis and cleavage of α‐syn fibrils, respectively. The results demonstrate that TREM2‐mediated phagocytosis of α‐syn fibrils by microglia and subsequent AEP‐mediated cleavage of α‐syn fibrils contribute to the spread of α‐syn in the brain. Blocking either of these two steps attenuates the progression of α‐syn pathology.
Giant Nonlinear Hall Effect Induced Ultrahigh Rectification in a Weyl Semiconductor
Authors: Liu Hao , Lim Ting Yong , Tian Shijia , Zhai Jinfeng , Xiang Du , Liu Tao , Chang Tay‐Rong , He Pan , Shen Jian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConventional diode‐based rectifiers suffer from limited applicability in low‐power electronics and high‐frequency wireless networks due to their inherent junction structures. Recent studies have demonstrated that the nonlinear Hall effect (NHE) in non‐centrosymmetric quantum materials can enable diode‐free rectification with advantages such as large active area, low power threshold, and high cutoff frequency. Here, a giant NHE is reported in a chiral semiconductor hosting Weyl nodes, achieving a voltage responsivity of up to 1.4×107 V W−1 at low temperature and 1.7×106 V W−1 at room temperature. This represents orders of magnitude improvement over existing NHE rectifiers and commercial Schottky diodes. This ultrahigh rectification is attributed to the significant contributions of Weyl nodes at the conduction band edge. Moreover, the device exhibits remarkable tunability through electrostatic gate voltages. The findings establish Weyl semiconductors as a promising platform for developing highly sensitive NHE rectifiers for low‐power and high‐frequency applications.
Sc(OTf)3‐Catalyzed Tunable Thio‐(3+3) Annulation Reactions of Indoline‐2‐thiones with α‐Benzylidene‐β‐tetralones
Authors: Jiang Yan , Ma Hao‐Jie , Zhai Chen‐Ying , Wang Xue‐Long , Yang Yi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA Sc(OTf)3‐catalyzed tunable thio‐Michael addition/nucleophilic addition/dehydration reaction of indoline‐2‐thiones with α‐benzylidene‐β‐tetralones was realized, leading to biologically important tetrahydrobenzo[7,8]isothiochromeno[3,4‐b]indoles and thiazino[3,2‐a]indoles in moderate to good yields. Moreover, by extending the reaction time, the dehydrogenated cycloadducts dihydrobenzo[7,8]isothiochromeno[3,4‐b]indoles were also obtained from the reaction of indoline‐2‐thiones with α‐benzylidene‐β‐tetralones.
Group 8 Organometallic Photochromic Compounds: Strategies and Applications
Authors: Bag Sayan Kumar , Ghosh Swapnamoy , Roy Subha , Jana Subhendu , Thakur Arunabha 
Published: December 2024

AbstractStimuli‐responsive photochromic units have emerged as one of the key components in the development of multi‐responsive switches, optoelectronics, biomedical sciences and many more. The photoswitchability of such compounds depends greatly on the molecular structure, where association of metallic species is found to produce fascinating results. This review is a comprehensive report of all such photoswitchable metal‐bounded molecules with group 8 metals within a span of last six years (2018‐2024). Apart from the regular photoswitching phenomenon, this review focusses on the enhanced tunability, structural flexibility and perturbation in the photophysical properties of the group 8 metal‐based photoswitches. Previous reviews in this field have either focused on some specific applications or have been general with the type of metal incorporations. Herein, we have constructed the review with group 8 organometallic photochromic compounds that possess a wide range of real‐life applications. Designing strategies, structure‐property relationships and application‐oriented approach of the photochromic organometallic compounds have been elucidated categorically for building up a comprehensive idea about this modern developing field of research.
Redox‐Active Triphenylamine‐Triazine Covalent Organic Framework: A High Surface Area Microporous Material for Electrochromism and Electrofluorochromism
Authors: Nandre Bhushan Kishor , Halder Sayan , Chakraborty Chanchal 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPorous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offer significant advantages in electrochromic (EC) applications due to their high surface area and porosity, which facilitate faradaic redox‐mediated diffusion‐controlled processes. However, COFs remain underexplored as EC materials due to challenges such as limited solubility and poor film‐forming ability. In this study, we synthesized a redox‐active triphenylamine‐containing COF (TPA‐TCIF) on ITO glass via a solvothermal method tailored for electrochromism and electrofluorochromism. The COF, formed through the condensation of tris(4‐formyl phenyl)amine and 2,4,6‐tris‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine, features a high surface area of 1136.8 m2/g and a pore diameter of 1.18 nm. This structure promotes efficient ion transport, reducing switching times and enhancing coloration efficiency (CE). Reversible redox reactions induce a color change from yellow to red, with an optical contrast (ΔT) of 37 % and a CE of 47.7 cm2/C. The film exhibited stable electrofluorochromic (EFC) behavior, switching from yellow emissive to dark black upon voltage application, with stability over 40 cycles. A quasi‐solid‐state electrochromic device (ECD) based on TPA‐TCIF demonstrated reversible color transitions, showcasing its potential for future display technologies and highlighting the promise of COFs in advanced EC applications.