bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Extra-visual Resting-state Networks in Pituitary Adenoma Patients With Vision Restoration
Authors: Wang Fuyu , Wang Peng , Li Ze , Zhou Tao , Meng Xianghui , Jiang Jinli 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Pituitary adenoma(PA) may compress the optic apparatus and cause impaired vision. Some patients can get improved vision rapidly after surgery. During the early time after surgery, however, the change of neurofunction in extra-visual cortex and higher cognitive cortex is still yet to be explored so far. Objective: Our study is focused on the changes in the extra-visual resting-state networks in PA patients after vision restoration. Methods:We recruited 14 PA patients with visual improvement after surgery. The functional connectivity (FC) of 6 seeds (auditory cortex (A1), Broca's area, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC)for default mode network (DMN), right caudal anterior cingulate cortex for salience network(SN) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for excecutive control network (ECN)) were evaluated. A paired t-test was conducted to identify the differences between two groups. Results: Compared with the preoperation counterparts, the PA patients with improved vision exhibited decreased FC with right A1 was identified in left insula lobule, right middle temporal gyrus and left postcentral gyrus, and increased FC in the right paracentral lobule; decreased FC with broca in left middle temporal gyrus, and increased FC in left Insula lobule and right thalamus; decreased FC with DMN in right declive, and right precuneus, and increased FC in right brodmann area 17, left cuneus and right posterior cingulate; decreased FC with ECN in right posterior cingulate, right angular and right precuneus; decreased FC with SN in right middle temporal gyrus, right hippocampus, and right precuneus, and increased FC in right fusiform gyrus, left lingual gyrus and right brodmann area 19.Conclusions: The vision restoration may cause the response of cross-modal plasticity and the multisensory system related to A1 and broca. The DMN and SN may involve in top-down control on the subareas within vision cortex. The precuneus may involve in DMN, ECN and SN simultaneously.
Growing Pains: Pediatric Trauma Epidemiology at the Puerto Rico Trauma Hospital from 2015 to 2019
Authors: Ruiz-Medina Pedro E. , Nieves-Plaza Mariely , Ramírez-Martínez Laura , Ruiz-Rodríguez Javier , Rivera-Delgado Adrianna , Ramos-Meléndez Ediel O. , Guerrios-Rivera Lourdes , Rodríguez-Ortiz Pablo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the high volume of admissions to the Puerto Rico Trauma Hospital (PRTH), the highest level trauma facility on the Island and the Caribbean, there is no evidence of recent trends related to pediatric trauma. In this study, we aim to describe and compare the epidemiology of pediatric trauma population in Puerto Rico according to age groups. Methods: An IRB-approved cross-sectional study of 853 pediatric admissions to the PRTH from January 2015 through June 2019. Comparison between age groups (children/adolescent vs. youth) was done using trends of proportions, chi-square for trends, and Pearson’s chi-square. Multivariate analysis of factors associated with the youth population was also performed. Results: The majority of patients were male (n=644, 75.5%). When stratified by age groups, motor vehicle accidents (MVA) were the prevalent mechanism of injury for all age categories but for subjects <5 years of age. The incidence of major trauma, Injury Severity Score >15, was higher in the age group 15-21 years old (40.8%). In trends analysis, the occurrence of trauma was considerably higher among young adults (>15-21 years). Conclusion: Pediatric and young adults patients were more likely to be male and suffer from a MVA. In addition, among factors associated with injuries among the youth population were penetrating injuries, major trauma, a longer length of stay, and ICU stay. Understanding the specific characteristics of the pediatric population we treat can help guide the treatment and help elucidate their needs in order to improve their outcomes.
Mercury Poisoning of a 4-Year-old Child by Indirect Contact to a Mercury Containing Facial Cream: Case Report
Authors: Rakete Stefan , Asenbauer Elisabeth , Böhm Susann , Leiz Steffen , Peters Jochen , Nowak Dennis , Bose-O'Reilly Stephan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A 4-yr old patient was admitted to the hospital with pain attacks in his extremities, tachycardia, hypertension, increased sweating, behavioral changes and weight loss. Extensive examinations eventually revealed an acute mercury poisoning. The mercury levels in blood and urine were 36.7 µg/l and 90 µg/g creatinine, respectively. A facial cream bought online, containing approximately 18 % mercury, was identified as the primary source of intoxication. The symptoms improved after disposal of the cream and chelation therapy. Biomonitoring of the mother and the brother, who remained asymptomatic, indicated an increased exposure to mercury, too. The mother, who had been using the cream for approximately three months, denied its application on her children. Further analyses, home visits and interviews suggested that the child was accidently intoxicated by skin-to-skin contact with the mother. Other mercury sources were excluded and mercury levels decreased considerably over time. The family will be closely monitored to exclude any long-term health issues. Lessons learnt from this case of an acute mercury intoxication is that even skin to skin contact with a mercury containing cream can have significant negative health effects for a child.
Malaria Temporal Variation and Modelling Using Time-Series in Sussundenga District, Mozambique
Authors: Ferrao Joao Luis , Earland Dominique , Novela Anisio , Mendes Roberto , Tungaza Alberto , Searle Kelly 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Mozambique with the 5th highest prevalence in the world. Sussundenga district in Manica Province has documented high P. falciparum incidence at the local rural health center (RHC). Sussundenga is a rural district located along the Mozambique, Zimbabwe border. P. falciparum transmission in this area is unique as there are differing control policies on each side of the international border. The study objective was to analyze the P. falciparum temporal variation and model its pattern in Sussundenga district, Mozambique. Data from weekly epidemiological bulletins (BES) were collected from 2015 to 2019, which records confirmed P. falciparum cases from health facilities. These data categorize confirmed cases into two age groups: under 5 years and 5-years and older. P. falciparum incidence and temporal variation were calculated. Temporal clusters were identified using dendrograms. A time-series analysis was carried out. For temporal modeling a Box-Jenkins method was used applying an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). Over the study period, 372,498 cases of P. falciparum were recorded in Sussundenga, 177,957 from under 5 years (47.5 %) and 194,541 (52.2 %) from 5 years and older. There were weekly and yearly variations in incidence overall (p < 0.001). There was a decreasing trend in cases for those under 5 years while there was a slight increase in those 5 and older. For those under 5, week 2 of the year had the highest number of cases (1170 Sd 34 ) while week 35 had the fewest (354 Sd 17.8). For those 5-years and older, cases also peak at week 2 (1295 Sd 245) with week 31 having the fewest cases (341 Sd 193.5). The findings indicate that cases are decreasing in those under 5 years and are increasing slightly in those 5 years and over. The P. falciparum case occurrence presents a weekly temporal pattern peaking during the wet season. Based on the temporal distribution and using ARIMA modelling, more efficient strategies that target this seasonality can be implemented to reduce the overall malaria burden in Sussundenga District, and regionally.
Comparison of the Composition of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Non-relapse and Relapse Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Before, During Radiochemotherapy and in the Follow-up Period: a Multicenter Prospective Study of the German Cancer Consortium Radiation Oncology Group (DKTK-ROG)
Authors: Niu Minli , Combs Stephanie E. , Linge Annett , Krause Mechthild , Baumann Michael , Lohaus Fabian , Ebert Nadja , Tinhofer Ingeborg , Budach Volker , Grün Jens von der , Rödel Franz , Grosu Anca-Ligia , Multhoff Gabriele 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Radiochemotherapy (RCT) has been shown to induce changes in immune cell homeostasis which might affect antitumor immune responses. In the present study, we aimed to compare the composition and kinetics of major lymphocyte subsets in the periphery of patients with non-locoregional recurrent (n=23) and locoregional recurrent (n=9) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) upon primary RCT.Methods: EDTA-blood of non-locoregional recurrent SCCHN patients was collected before (t0), after application of 20 to 30 Gy (t1), in the follow-up period 3 (t2) and 6 months (t3) after RCT. In patients with locoregional recurrence blood samples were taken at t0, t1, t2 and at the time of recurrence (t5). EDTA-blood of age-related, healthy volunteers (n=22) served as a control (Ctrl). Major lymphocyte subpopulations were phenotyped by multiparameter flow cytometry.Results: Patients with non-recurrent SCCHN had significantly lower proportions of CD19+ B cells compared to healthy individuals before start of any therapy (t0) that dropped further until 3 months after RCT (t2), but reached initial levels 6 months after RCT (t3). The proportion of CD3+ T and CD3+/CD4+ T helper cells continuously decreased between t0 and t3, whereas that of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and CD3+/CD56+ NK-like T cells (NKT) gradually increased in the same period of time in non-recurrent patients. The percentage of CD4+/CD25+/FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) decreased directly after RCT, but increased above initial levels in the follow-up period 3 (t2) and 6 (t3) months after RCT. Patients with locoregional recurrence showed similar trends with respect to B, T cells and Tregs between t0 and t5. CD4+ T helper cells remained stably low between t0 and t5 in patients with locoregional recurrence compared to Ctrl. NKT/NK cell subsets (CD56+/CD69+, CD3-/CD56+, CD3-/CD94+, CD3-/NKG2D+, CD3-/NKp30+, CD3-/NKp46+) increased continuously up to 6 months after RCT (t0-t3) in patients without locoregional recurrence, whereas in patients with locoregional recurrence, these subsets remained stably low until time of recurrence (t5).Conclusion: Monitoring the kinetics of lymphocyte subpopulations especially activatory NK cells before and after RCT might provide a clue with respect to the development of an early locoregional recurrence in patients with SCCHN. However, studies with larger patient cohorts are needed.
Diagnostic Function of 3D Optical Coherence Tomography Multimode Images in Diagnosis of Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy
Authors: Zhao Gui-ling , Li Rui-zhuang , Pang Yan-hua , Wang Xiu-qin , Wei Jin-fen , Zhou Zhou , Zhong Jing-xiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Spectral-Domain Optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides non-invasive, high speed, high resolution, three-dimensional cross-section imaging of macula. This study was aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of multimodal imaging technique of three-dimension (3D) optical coherence tomography (OCT) (3D-OCT) for diagnosis and characterizing of acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Methods: The 3D-OCT examinations of 82 cases of acute CSC were performed on the macular area, and the image characteristics were analyzed. Our study included a total of 87 eyes from 82 cases of CSC patients, 67 males and 15 females, aged 27 to 56 years, mean age 42.89±7.80 years old.Results: According to B-scan images, 87 (100%) eyes had ERD, 38 (44%) eyes had bulge of RPE, 36 (41%) eyes had PED, 8 (9%) eyes had membrane -like structure, 2 (2%) eyes had subretinal dot-like precipitates, 1 (1%) eyes had focal choroidal excavation (FCE), and 1 (1%) eye had fluctuation of internal limiting membrane (FI). In ILM-RPE thickness map, all eyes had a round or round like regular uniform domes. Total of 57 (66%) domes were limited in exam area and 30 (44%) domes beyond the scope of this examination and only part of the dome could be observed. In the Shadowgram image, all eyes had a round or round like black figure that correspond with domes In ILM-RPE thickness map. In RPE surface, 76(87%) eyes had a shallow plate depression, 71(82%) had small focal uplift and 1 (1%) eye had a focal concave.Conclusions: In OCT ILM-RPE thickness map, Shadowgram, and RPE surface, acute CSC had special images and can be helpful for diagnosis and difference diagnosis.Trial registration: Not applicable.
Trend Analysis of HIV/AIDS Burden in Iran: Results from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 Study
Authors: Hasankhani Mohammadreza Balooch , Zayeri Farid , Rasouli Mahboobeh , Salehi Masoud 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Despite global efforts, HIV/AIDS is still one of the major public health problems in the entire world. In this context, assessing the burden of this disease in different parts of the world is of great importance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the trends of HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality in Iran in the period 1990- 2017.The HIV/AIDS burden data including age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and mortality rate (ASMR) was extracted from the Global Burden of Diseases 2017 study for total Iranian population and by gender from 1990 to 2017. The trend analyses was performed using joinpoint regression modeling approach. The obtained results showed that in year 2017 the HIV/AIDS ASIR and ASMR were, respectively, more than 12 and 10 times of these rates in year 1990. Also, the estimated average annual percent change (AAPC) was 9.8% and 8.7%, respectively for ASIR and ASMR. In this period of time, women have experienced sharper slope of ASIR and ASMR trends compared to Iranian men. The increasing trend of HIV/AIDS burden is a serious alarm for the Iranian health policy makers. To achieve the UNAIDS goals, there is an urgent need for an efficient national action plan which breaks the HIV/AIDS taboo in the society, promote access to HIV testing and prevention facilities especially among the key populations and provides care and treatments for all infected people.
Acute Cardiac Complications and Subclinical Myocardial Injuries Associated with Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma
Authors: Dai Yunlang , Zhou Jing , Xuan He , Miu Yunxiang , Hu Junting 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Catecholamine excess arising from pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) can cause a wide spectrum of cardiac manifestations, including acute cardiac complications (ACCs) and subclinical myocardial injuries (SMIs). Hence, we aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of ACCs and SMIs in a large cohort of PPGLs.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of consecutive patients with PPGLs admitted between January 2013 and July 2020 (n = 189). The prevalence and presentation of ACCs and SMIs were investigated, and comparisons were conducted between cases with and without ACCs. Results: Fourteen patients (7.4%) fulfilled the criteria for ACCs, consisting of nine cases (4.8%) with Takotsubo-like cardiomyopathy, three cases (1.6%) with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and the remaining one (0.5%) with catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy. Compared to those without ACCs (n = 175), patients with ACCs had higher prevalence of epinephrine-producing PPGLs (81.8% vs 33.9%. P = 0.006), and were more likely to show invasive behavior (61.5% vs 27.3%, P = 0.022) and hemorrhage/necrosis (53.9% vs 17.4%, P = 0.005) at histology. Among patients suffered Takotsubo-like cardiomyopathy, an apical sparing pattern (5/7, 71.4%) dominated in the impaired patterns of longitudinal strain (LS). In the end, a fairly high percent (21/77, 27.2%) of patients (excluding 14 cases with ACCs) who underwent screening troponin, natriuretic peptide, and echocardiography had SMIs.Conclusions: One in every fourteen PPGLs patients presented with ACCs; and, in the cases with Takotsubo-like cardiomyopathy, an apical sparing pattern was the primary pattern in LS. Furthermore, nearly one-third of patients without symptoms had SMIs. The diagnosis of PPGLs should be considered in patients with acute reversible cardiomyopathy, especially with an apical sparing pattern in LS.
Myricetin Ameliorates Ox-LDL-induced HUVECs Apoptosis and Inﬂammation via lncRNA GAS5 Upregulating the Expression of miR-29a-3p
Authors: Bai Yunpeng , Chen Qingliang , Jiang Nan , guo zhigang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced an endothelial cell dysfunction is a significant event in the progression of atherosclerosis[1]. Even myricetin (Myr) has been exhibited strong antioxidant potency, the effect on atherosclerosis is still elusive. MethodsHUVECs were subjected to ox-LDL, before which cells were preconditioned with Myr. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were carried out to assess the impacts of ox-LDL and Myr on HUVECs. The expression of EndMT markers was determined by Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. In addition, the relationship of GAS5 and miR-29a-3p was evaluated by RNA Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization (FISH) and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. ResultsMyr preconditioning prevented ox-LDL-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and EndMT. GAS5 was upregulated in response to ox-LDL while it was down-regulated by Myr preconditioning. GAS5 over-expression attenuates Myr protective effects against ox-LDL–mediated HUVEC injury. Besides, miR-29a-3p is a target of GAS5 and down-regulated miR-29a-3p could further resuced the effects of GAS5 in ox-LDL–mediated HUVEC. Furthermore, Myr inactivated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in ox-LDL-treated HUVEC by down-regulating GAS5 or upregulating miR-26a-5p. ConclusionMyr possessed an anti-inflammatory and anti-EndMT function against ox-LDL-induced HUVEC injury by regulating the GAS5/miR-29a-3p, indicating that Myr may have an important therapeutic function for atherosclerosis.
Potential New Biomarkers Discovery of Early Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Human by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Hu Cheng , Wang Tao , Zhang Jiaqi , Jiang Yuanye , Cao Qin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNAFLD is a common metabolic disorders disease which influenced 20~30% people. NAFLD can progress to cirrhosis, liver fibrosis and even liver cancer. Liver puncture is the gold standard. However, due to its trauma and possible complications, its clinical use is currently limited. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance and value to find a noninvasive biochemical index that can diagnose NAFLD early.ObjectiveOur aim was to identify the potential biomarkers in NAFLD people in early stage via untargeted metabolomics study.MethodsIn our research, From January to October 2019, 224 patients aged 18-55 were selected from the outpatient department and ward of gastroenterology department of Putuo Hospital in Shanghai.According to the NAFLD diagnostic criteria of the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2018) formulated by the National workship on Fatty liver and alcoholic liver disease and Chinese Society on Hepatology, they were divided into the healthy control group and the experimental group.Besides,on the same day, the height, weight, waist, BMI, blood pressure and heart rate of patients were measured, and fasting blood was taken to obtain blood glucose,ALT, AST, TB, DB, TP, ALB, Che, ALP, γ - GT, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and other serum data.Serum samples were analyzed using LC/MS and data was processed by SIEVE software and simca-P to validate the potential biomarkers. The altered metabolites were identified by variable importance in projection value (VIP > 1) and ANOVA (p<0.01). The pathway analysis was performed by using MetaboAnalyst 4.0. In addition, our project has passed the review of ethics committee of Putuo Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of traditional Chinese medicine, and its ethics approval number is ptec-a-2018-49-1.ResultsThe serum biochemical indicators of early NAFLD patients showed no significant difference with NC (p>0.05). While there was significant difference of blood lipids indicators between NAFLD and NC (p<0.001). Finally, 55 metabolites were identified and the AUC of ROC curve results showed that new identified biomarkers owned high predictability and reliability. Conclusion﻿It is found that 15 metabolites in serum were of great diagnostic value in early NAFLD patients. AUC of these biomarkers (>0.9) were much higher than clinical indicators (0.770). This may be worth further research in the clinic.
The Mimetic Peptide Ac2-26 of Annexin A1 Attenuates Inflammation and Apoptosis in Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Zheng Yanlei , Hu Ronghua , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundInflammation and apoptosis contribute to the development of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury. Annexin A1 (ANXA1) is the calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein known to play an important role in a variety of cellular functions, including inflammation, apoptosis, migration and proliferation. However, the effect of ANXA1 on sepsis-induced acute injury has not been reported. Herein, we investigated the role and underlying mechanism of the mimetic peptide Ac2-26 of annexin A1 in sepsis-induce acute kidney injury in vivo and in vitro.MethodsIn vivo, a mouse model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and the Ac2-26 peptide of ANXA1 (1 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered 2 hours before CLP. In vitro, A model of HK-2 cells was established by treatment with 10 μg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the Ac2-26 peptide of ANXA1 (0.5 μmol/L) was administered 2 hours before LPS. The kidney function of mice detected by Elisa. The kidney tissue was examined by HE and TEM. The inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic molecules were measured by PCR, Elisa, Western blotting and Immunohistochemistry. The apoptosis was detected by TUNEL and flow cytometry.ResultsThe studies demonstrated that ANXA1 markedly improved kidney function and kidney tissue injury and enhanced 7-day survival in CLP-induced septic mice, which was accompanied by a significant decrease the inflammatory molecules. ANXA1 obviously downregulated the apoptosis-associated proteins and inhibited apoptosis in kidney tissue in vivo. In vitro studies showed that ANXA1 increased the viability of HK-2 cells, reduced the levels of the inflammatory molecules, downregulated the apoptosis-associated proteins Bax, upregulated the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and inhibited the apoptosis of HK-2 cells.ConclusionsThe mimetic peptide Ac2-26 of annexin A1 protects against sepsis-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and kidney dysfunction via regulating the LXA4/PI3K/IKK-β/NF-κB signaling pathway.