bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antineutrophile-zytoplasmatische-Antikörper-assoziierte Vaskulitiden im Kindesalter
Authors: Brunner Jürgen 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungEine Vaskulitis ist eine Entzündung der Blutgefäße und eine seltene Erkrankung. Vaskulitiden können als eigenständiges Krankheitsbild ohne bekannten Auslöser auftreten (primäre Vaskulitis). Eine Vaskulitis kann jedoch auch Folge einer anderen Erkrankung oder als Nebenwirkung von Medikamenten auftreten (sekundäre Vaskulitis). Da sich überall im Körper Blutgefäße befinden, können bei einer Vaskulitis prinzipiell alle Organe betroffen sein. Das erklärt auch die vielfältigen Beschwerden. Man unterscheidet Vaskulitiden der großen, mittelgroßen und kleinen Blutgefäße. Bei einigen primären Vaskulitiden kleiner Blutgefäße geht man davon aus, dass sie von einer speziellen Form von Autoantikörpern (antineutrophile zytoplasmatische Antikörper, ANCA) verursacht werden. Diese Antikörper werden von reifen B‑Zellen des Immunsystems gebildet Man spricht dann von ANCA-assoziierten Vaskulitiden oder ANCA-positiven Vaskulitiden.
Alterations in the mechanical, chemical and biocompatibility properties of low-cost polyethylene and polyester meshes after steam sterilization
Authors: Wiessner Reiko , Lorenz R. , Gehring A. , Kleber T. , Benz C. , Sander M. , Richter D.-U. , Philipp M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction
In Africa and other Low Resource Settings (LRS), the guideline-based and thus in most cases mesh-based treatment of inguinal hernias is only feasible to a very limited extent. This has led to an increased use of low cost meshes (LCMs, mostly mosquito meshes) for patients in LRS. Most of the LCMs used are made of polyethylene or polyester, which must be sterilized before use. The aim of our investigations was to determine changes in the biocompatibility of fibroblasts as well as mechanical and chemical properties of LCMs after steam sterilization.

Material and methods
Two large-pored LCMs made of polyester and polyethylene in a size of 11 x 6 cm were cut and steam sterilized at 100, 121 and 134 °C. These probes and non-sterile meshes were then subjected to mechanical tensile tests in vertical and horizontal tension, chemical analyses and biocompatibility tests with human fibroblasts. All meshes were examined by stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), LDH (cytotoxicity) measurement, viability testing, pH, lactate and glycolysis determination.

Results
Even macroscopically, polyethylene LCMs showed massive shrinkage after steam sterilization, especially at 121 and 134 °C. While polyester meshes showed no significant changes after sterilization with regard to deformation and damage as well as tensile force and stiffness, only the unsterile polyethylene mesh and the mesh sterilized at 100 °C could be tested mechanically due to the shrinkage of the other specimen. For these meshes the tensile forces were about four times higher than for polyester LCMs. Chemical analysis showed that the typical melting point of polyester LCMs was between 254 and 269 °C. Contrary to the specifications, the polyethylene LCM did not consist of low-density polyethylene, but rather high-density polyethylene and therefore had a melting point of 137 °C, so that the marked shrinkage described above occurred. Stereomicroscopy confirmed the shrinkage of polyethylene LCMs already after sterilization at 100 °C in contrast to polyester LCMs. Surprisingly, cytotoxicity (LDH measurement) was lowest for both non-sterile LCMs, while polyethylene LCMs sterilized at 100 and 121 °C in particular showed a significant increase in cytotoxicity 48 hours after incubation with fibroblasts. Glucose metabolism showed no significant changes between sterile and non-sterile polyethylene and polyester LCMs.

Conclusion
The process of steam sterilization significantly alters mechanical and structural properties of synthetic hernia mesh implants. Our findings do not support a use of low-cost meshes because of their unpredictable properties after steam sterilization.
The effect of zonal harmonics on dynamical structures in the circular restricted three-body problem near the secondary body
Authors: Bury Luke , McMahon Jay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe circular restricted three-body model is widely used for astrodynamical studies in systems where two major bodies are present. However, this model relies on many simplifications, such as point-mass gravity and planar, circular orbits of the bodies, and limiting its accuracy. In an effort to achieve higher-fidelity results while maintaining the autonomous simplicity of the classic model, we employ zonal harmonic perturbations since they are symmetric about the z-axis, thus bearing no time-dependent terms. In this study, we focus on how these perturbations affect the dynamic environment near the secondary body in real systems. Concise, easily implementable equations for gravitational potential, particle motion, and modified Jacobi constant in the perturbed model are presented. These perturbations cause a change in the normalized mean motion, and two different formulations are addressed for assigning this new value. The shifting of collinear equilibrium points in many real systems due to $$J_2$$

J
2

of each body is reported, and we study how families of common periodic orbits—Lyapunov, vertical, and southern halo—shift and distort when $$J_2$$

J
2

, $$J_4$$

J
4

, and $$J_6$$

J
6

of the primary and $$J_2$$

J
2

of the secondary body are accounted for in the Jupiter–Europa and Saturn–Enceladus systems. It is found that these families of periodic orbits change shape, position, and energy, which can lead to dramatically different dynamical behavior in some cases. The primary focus is on moons of the outer planets, many of which have very small odd zonal harmonic terms, or no measured value at all, so while the developed equations are meant for any and all zonal harmonic terms, only even terms are considered in the simulations. Early utilization of this refined CR3BP model in mission design will result in a more smooth transition to full ephemeris model.
Experimental copper exposure, but not heat stress, leads to elevated intraovarian thyroid hormone levels in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Authors: Suvi Ruuskanen , Giovanna Mottola , Katja Anttila 
Published: September 2020

AbstractClimate change and pollution are some of the greatest anthropogenic threats to wild animals. Transgenerational plasticity—when parental exposure to environmental stress leads to changes in offspring phenotype—has been highlighted as a potential mechanism to respond to various environmental and anthropogenic changes across taxa. Transgenerational effects may be mediated via multiple mechanisms, such as transfer of maternal hormones to eggs/foetus. However, sources of variation in hormone transfer are poorly understood in fish, and thus the first step is to characterise whether environmental challenges alter transfer of maternal hormones to eggs. To this end, we explored the population variation and environmental variation (in response to temperature and endocrine disrupting copper) in maternal thyroid hormone (TH), transfer to offspring in a common fish model species, the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) using multiple approaches: (i) We compared ovarian TH levels among six populations across a wide geographical range in the Baltic Sea, including two populations at high water temperature areas (discharge water areas of nuclear power plants) and we experimentally exposed fish to (ii) environmentally relevant heat stress and (iii) copper for 7 days. We found that populations did not differ in intraovarian TH levels, and short-term heat stress did not influence intraovarian TH levels. However, copper exposure increased both T4 and T3 levels in ovaries. The next step would be to evaluate if such alterations would lead to changes in offspring phenotype.
An impact of macroeconomic stabilization on the sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises: the case of Central and Eastern European Countries
Authors: Pieloch-Babiarz Aleksandra , Misztal Anna , Kowalska Magdalena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSustainable development is a socioeconomic development that respects environmental protection. It can be analyzed at a macro- and microscale. The goals of sustainable development are realized by ordinary people, politicians, organizations, and enterprises. At the enterprise level, sustainable development means an improvement in quantitative and qualitative conditions of running a business, the use of pro-ecological standards and solutions, and support of employee development. The sustainable development of enterprises depends on several factors, including macroeconomic conditions. The main aim of this paper is to show the impact of the macroeconomic stabilization on the sustainable development of the manufacturing enterprises in the Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs). We examine only the CEECs which are the members of the European Union. Considering this, we focus on the eleven counties (i.e., Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, the Slovak Republic, and Slovenia) in the period from 2008 to 2018. The main hypothesis is formulated as follows: Macroeconomic stabilization has a statistically significant impact on the sustainable development of manufacturing enterprises in the period from 2008 to 2018. The results of the study indicate that in all analyzed countries there is a statistically significant relationship between the indicator of sustainable development (SISDE) and the indicator of macroeconomic stabilization. The highest level of correlation was observed in Czechia, Poland, and Hungary, while the lowest in Estonia.
Revenue management with two fare classes in synchromodal container transportation
Authors: Van Riessen Bart , Mulder Judith , Negenborn Rudy R. , Dekker Rommert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe cargo fare class mix (CFCM) problem aims to find the optimal fare class mix for a given intermodal transportation network based on known client demands. It is based on a revenue management problem for aviation passengers, the fare class mix problem, but considering intermodal cargo transportation, two major differences apply. Firstly, the CFCM’s premise is that long-term commitments to customers must be provided, such that a customer has a guaranteed daily capacity. Secondly, cargo may be rescheduled or rerouted, as long as the customer’s delivery due date is met. Our goal is to balance revenue maximisation and capacity utilisation by optimally combining two delivery service levels. Therefore, the optimisation problem is to select fare class limits at a tactical level up to which transportation demand will be accepted on a daily basis at the operational level. Any accepted demand that does not fit on the available network capacity during operation, must be transported by truck at increased expenses for the network operator. In this paper, we propose a faster method than the previously proposed solution method for a single corridor network and we provide proofs for the optimality of the result. Using this, we extend the problem to an intermodal network of multiple corridors. We provide numerical results for different settings, in which we compare the baseline of individual corridor optimums with the result of using rerouting. Finally, we apply the methods in a case study for an intermodal transportation network in North-West Europe.
Improving printability of a thermoresponsive hydrogel biomaterial ink by nanoclay addition
Authors: Hu Chen , Hahn Lukas , Yang Mengshi , Altmann Alexander , Stahlhut Philipp , Groll Jürgen , Luxenhofer Robert 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As a promising biofabrication technology, extrusion-based bioprinting has gained significant attention in the last decade and major advances have been made in the development of bioinks. However, suitable synthetic and stimuli-responsive bioinks are underrepresented in this context. In this work, we described a hybrid system of nanoclay Laponite XLG and thermoresponsive block copolymer poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(2-n-propyl-2-oxazine) (PMeOx-b-PnPrOzi) as a novel biomaterial ink and discussed its critical properties relevant for extrusion-based bioprinting, including viscoelastic properties and printability. The hybrid hydrogel retains the thermogelling properties but is strengthened by the added clay (over 5 kPa of storage modulus and 240 Pa of yield stress). Importantly, the shear-thinning character is further enhanced, which, in combination with very rapid viscosity recovery (~ 1 s) and structure recovery (~ 10 s), is highly beneficial for extrusion-based 3D printing. Accordingly, various 3D patterns could be printed with markedly enhanced resolution and shape fidelity compared to the biomaterial ink without added clay.

Graphic abstract
Exploring the structure of digital literacy competence assessed using authentic software applications
Authors: Reichert Frank , Zhang James , Law Nancy W. Y. , Wong Gary K. W. , de la Torre Jimmy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDigital literacy competence (DL) is an important capacity for students’ learning in a rapidly changing world. However, little is known about the empirical structure of DL. In this paper, we review major DL assessment frameworks and explore the dimensionality of DL from an empirical perspective using assessment data collected using authentic software applications, rather than simulated assessment environments. Secondary analysis on representative data collected from primary and secondary school students in Hong Kong using unidimensional and multidimensional item response theory reveals a general dimension of digital literacy performance and four specific, tool-dependent dimensions. These specific DL dimensions are defined by the software applications that students use and capture commonality among students’ performance that is due to their familiarity with the assessment tools and contexts. The design of DL assessment is discussed in light of these findings, with particular emphasis on the influence of the nature of digital applications and environments used in assessment on the DL achievement scores measured.
The development of climate security discourse in Japan
Authors: Kameyama Yasuko , Ono Keishi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAs the level of understanding about climate change has increased, the term “climate security” has been increasingly used in the rapidly growing literature on this subject. Although Japan has officially acknowledged the importance of tackling climate change, discussion of climate security has been almost nonexistent among Japanese governmental officials, politicians, and academics. Our aim was to trace discourses related to climate security in Japan to determine why so little exists in Japan and whether or not such discourse could suggest new areas for consideration to more comprehensively respond to the climate change problem. Because of different interpretations and uses of the term “climate security” in the existing literature, we first categorized existing approaches to climate security into four types and used this categorization to examine Japan’s discourse from these perspectives. Two of the approaches, namely “long-term irreversible planetary changes” and “short-term abrupt risks to individuals”, had been considered in Japan previously but without specific reference to the term climate security. The other two, “cause of conflict and violence” and “impacts to military and defense organizations”, however, had not been used and need to be included in discussions of climate change in Japan. Some of the topics not discussed in Japan include indirect economic losses of Japanese industries via supply chains, loss of Japan’s exclusive economic zone due to sea-level rise, and the potential inflow of refugees resulting from extreme weather patterns outside of Japan.
Bad dreams, bedtime anxiety, and trait anxiety in school-aged children
Authors: Schredl Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesOccasional nightmares (distressing dreams that awaking the sleeper) and bad dreams (distressing dreams that do not awaking the sleeper) are very common in children and adolescents. About 5% of children experience frequent nightmares (once a week or more often) and the question arises as to what factors contribute to significant nightmare distress which is basic for diagnosing a nightmare disorder.Materials and methodsA sample of 624 school-aged children (10–16 years; mean age 12.45 ± 1.33 years) completed a dream questionnaire and an anxiety inventory.ResultsAbout 11% of the participants reported frequent bad dreams; 3.5% reported frequent bedtime anxieties due to bad dreams. Similar to the findings in adults, distress due to bad dreams was not only related to bad dream frequency but also to trait anxiety—controlling for the direct effect of trait anxiety on bad dream frequency, i.e., bad dream frequency and trait anxiety contributed independently to bedtime anxiety due to bad dreams. In the exploratory part, the cultural background of the children’s parents showed only minor effects on bad dreams.ConclusionSimilar to nightmare studies in adults, bad dream frequency and trait anxiety contributed independently to bad dream distress. Based on the current diagnostic criteria of the nightmare disorder, it would be interesting to have the opportunity to treat children with significant distress due to nightmares or bad dreams and study the long-term benefit—given that many adult nightmare sufferers reported that their nightmares started in childhood.
A Novel Approach for Detecting Anomalous Energy Consumption Based on Micro-Moments and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Himeur Yassine , Alsalemi Abdullah , Bensaali Faycal , Amira Abbes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNowadays, analyzing, detecting, and visualizing abnormal power consumption behavior of householders are among the principal challenges in identifying ways to reduce power consumption. This paper introduces a new solution to detect energy consumption anomalies based on extracting micro-moment features using a rule-based model. The latter is used to draw out load characteristics using daily intent-driven moments of user consumption actions. Besides micro-moment features extraction, we also experiment with a deep neural network architecture for efficient abnormality detection and classification. In the following, a novel anomaly visualization technique is introduced that is based on a scatter representation of the micro-moment classes, and hence providing consumers an easy solution to understand their abnormal behavior. Moreover, in order to validate the proposed system, a new energy consumption dataset at appliance level is also designed through a measurement campaign carried out at Qatar University Energy Lab, namely, Qatar University dataset. Experimental results on simulated and real datasets collected at two regions, which have extremely different climate conditions, confirm that the proposed deep micro-moment architecture outperforms other machine learning algorithms and can effectively detect anomalous patterns. For example, 99.58% accuracy and 97.85% F1 score have been achieved under Qatar University dataset. These promising results establish the efficacy of the proposed deep micro-moment solution for detecting abnormal energy consumption, promoting energy efficiency behaviors, and reducing wasted energy.
Multidisciplinary approach for assessment of the factors affecting geohazard in karst valley: the case study of Gravina di Petruscio (Apulia, South Italy)
Authors: Andriani Gioacchino Francesco , Loiotine Lidia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractManagement plans, actions and strategies for preventing and mitigating natural disasters require detailed information on natural and human-induced geohazards for the area under evaluation. Karst areas are particularly prone to instability due to the natural fragility of their environment but are also vulnerable due to human activity. In-depth studies of the factors controlling mass movement processes, including land use over time, become crucial for understanding instability mechanisms and future landscape evolution, as well as for designing preventive measures and control techniques. The Murge area, in the central part of Apulia (South Italy), is crossed by a vast network of dry valleys, locally named lame and gravine, whose morphology may resemble the most well-known canyons and gorges of the world. The genesis of these dry valleys is controversial and still the subject of continued debate, although their origin is directly related to the geostructural setting and the uplift of the Apulia foreland since the middle Pleistocene. Each of these karst valleys has particular morphometric characteristics as well as their own morpho-evolutionary history strongly linked to the different types of fault or fracture on which they developed. Also, geological and geotechnical characteristics of the rock substrate channel, and historic human-made slope excavation or remodeling play an important role. Unfortunately, several tragic events which occurred during the last decades have shown the susceptibility of the Apulian dry valleys to natural hazards, sometimes caused by human activities. This paper proposes, by means of a case study on a dry valley called Gravina di Petruscio in the Arco Ionico Tarantino subregion, a multidisciplinary approach using traditional methods of investigation and combining results to arrive at a critical appraisal of information that are suitable for a geohazard susceptibility analysis in karst environments. Geological, geostructural and geomechanical surveys, together with petrographic observations in thin sections of the outcropping materials, allow to understand the genesis of the valley and then its evolution mainly due to slope retreat processes. Both sides of the valley have been found to be affected by planar slides, wedge slides, direct toppling and falls, while the caves, mostly modified by humans, are affected by thinning, spalling and crushing of pillars, and partial or total collapse of cave roofs. The predisposing and triggering factors of the most common mass movements are presented and discussed. Mitigation and prevention measures for future planning, and remedial engineering structures are reported.
Adaptive Multidimensional Scaling: Brand Positioning Based on Decision Sets and Dissimilarity Judgments
Authors: Bijmolt Tammo H.A. , Wedel Michel , DeSarbo Wayne S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAssessing market structure by deriving a brand positioning map and segmenting customers is essential for supporting brand-related marketing decisions. We propose adaptive multidimensional scaling (ADMDS) for simultaneously deriving a brand positioning map and market segments using customer data on cognitive decision sets and brand dissimilarities. In ADMDS, the judgment task is adapted to the individual customer where dissimilarity judgments are collected only for those brands within a customers’ awareness set. Thus, respondent fatigue and unfamiliarity with the brands are circumvented thereby improving the validity of the dissimilarity data obtained, as well as the multidimensional spatial structure derived from them. Estimation of the ADMDS model results in a spatial map in which the brands and derived segments of customers are jointly represented as points. The closer a brand is positioned to a segment’s ideal brand, the higher the probability that the brand is considered and chosen. An assumption underlying this model representation is that brands within a customers’ consideration set are relatively similar. In an experiment with 200 respondents and 4 product categories, this assumption is validated. We illustrate adaptive multidimensional scaling model on commercial data for 20 midsize car brands evaluated by 212 members of an on-line consumer panel. Potential applications of the method and future research opportunities are discussed.