bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing Accuracy and Privacy in Federated Queries of Clinical Data Repositories: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Yu Yun William , Weber Griffin M 
Published: November 2020

Background
Over the past decade, the emergence of several large federated clinical data networks has enabled researchers to access data on millions of patients at dozens of health care organizations. Typically, queries are broadcast to each of the sites in the network, which then return aggregate counts of the number of matching patients. However, because patients can receive care from multiple sites in the network, simply adding the numbers frequently double counts patients. Various methods such as the use of trusted third parties or secure multiparty computation have been proposed to link patient records across sites. However, they either have large trade-offs in accuracy and privacy or are not scalable to large networks.

Objective
This study aims to enable accurate estimates of the number of patients matching a federated query while providing strong guarantees on the amount of protected medical information revealed.

Methods
We introduce a novel probabilistic approach to running federated network queries. It combines an algorithm called HyperLogLog with obfuscation in the form of hashing, masking, and homomorphic encryption. It is tunable, in that it allows networks to balance accuracy versus privacy, and it is computationally efficient even for large networks. We built a user-friendly free open-source benchmarking platform to simulate federated queries in large hospital networks. Using this platform, we compare the accuracy, k-anonymity privacy risk (with k=10), and computational runtime of our algorithm with several existing techniques.

Results
In simulated queries matching 1 to 100 million patients in a 100-hospital network, our method was significantly more accurate than adding aggregate counts while maintaining k-anonymity. On average, it required a total of 12 kilobytes of data to be sent to the network hub and added only 5 milliseconds to the overall federated query runtime. This was orders of magnitude better than other approaches, which guaranteed the exact answer.

Conclusions
Using our method, it is possible to run highly accurate federated queries of clinical data repositories that both protect patient privacy and scale to large networks.
A Mental Health Surveillance System for the General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Multiwave Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: BinDhim Nasser F , Althumiri Nora A , Basyouni Mada H , Alageel Asem A , Alghnam Suliman , Al-Qunaibet Ada M , Almubark Rasha A , Aldhukair Shahla , Ad-Dab'bagh Yasser 
Published: November 2020

Background
The COVID-19 outbreak can potentially be categorized as a traumatic event. Public health surveillance is one of the cornerstones of public health practice, and it empowers decision makers to lead and manage public health crises and programs more effectively by providing timely and useful evidence.

Objective
This paper presents the protocol for a study that aims to identify, track, and monitor trends in the population in Saudi Arabia at risk of major depressive disorders and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
This study utilizes continuous, cross-sectional, national-level mental health screening via computer-assisted phone interviews, conducted in four waves on a monthly basis (between May and August 2020). Arabic-speaking adults, aged ≥18 years, and living in Saudi Arabia were recruited via a random phone list. This surveillance system used the proportional quota sampling technique to achieve an equal distribution of participants, stratified by age and gender, and region, within and across the 13 administrative regions of Saudi Arabia. A sample size of 4056 participants per wave was calculated to achieve enough power to detect changes in mental health status. The questionnaire includes the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to measure depressive symptoms and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) to measure anxiety. In addition, it will collect data on sociodemographic variables and potential risk factors.

Results
Study recruitment began in May 2020. The data analysis was completed in October 2020, and the final report is expected to be published by the end of December 2020.

Conclusions
Monitoring the population’s mental health status during the COVID-19 pandemic will inform decision makers of any potential deterioration in mental health on a national level and among subgroups, including across regions, age groups, and gender groups. It will allow decision makers to recognize issues and intervene sooner. It will also provide valuable scientific data to help understand the effects of epidemics and pandemics on mental health. As far as we know, this is the only study that attempts to monitor the mental health status of the general population on a monthly basis.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/23748
Comparative effectiveness of nivolumab versus standard of care for third-line patients with small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Keeping Sam T , Cope Shannon , Chan Keith , Wilson Florence R , Jansen Jeroen P , Penrod John R , Abraham Pranav , Camidge D Ross , Korytowsky Beata , Gu Tao , Garcia Ariadna Juarez , Le Trong K , Yuan Yong 
Published: November 2020

Aim:
To estimate the comparative effectiveness of nivolumab versus standard of care (SOC) in terms of overall survival (OS) for small-cell lung cancer patients treated with two prior lines of chemotherapy, in other words, third line in the USA.
Materials & methods:
Data were from CheckMate 032, a single-arm trial of nivolumab, and real-world electronic patient records. Comparisons of OS were conducted using three different methods to adjust for differences (regression, weighting and doubly robust) between the populations.
Results:
Nivolumab was associated with longer survival compared with SOC (hazard ratio for OS: 0.58–0.70) across all methods for adjustment.
Conclusion:
Nivolumab was more efficacious in terms of OS as third-line treatment for small-cell lung cancer compared with current SOC in the USA.
El nivel educativo como eje fundamental para la internacionalización y desarrollo empresarial
Authors: Fernández Hurtado Saúl Rick , Martínez Martínez Luz Ángela , Ngono Fouda Regine Adele 
Published: November 2020

El objetivo principal de esta investigación es identificar la influencia que ejerce el nivel formativo de los empresarios en el desarrollo de las negociaciones a nivel internacional; el enfoque que se utilizó fue a través del análisis descriptivo y empírico; bajo metodología exploratoria, respecto a las variables medidas, lo cual ayudó al entendimiento de lo que requieren las empresas a través de las habilidades de los egresados universitarios.
Como resultado de esta investigación se obtuvo una necesidad a nivel empresarial y gubernamental, evidenciando que la formación universitaria deberá tener un cambio ante el saber-hacer (macro), lo cual es una necesidad para el éxito empresarial a nivel internacional. La investigación permite concluir aspectos relevantes ante actividades empresariales, donde la correlación de fortalecimiento empresa-gobierno-universidad, está produciendo un efecto negativo, y mediante la obtención psicoempresarial, bajo el análisis de resultados obtenidos mediante los datos recolectados en la investigación.
NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM NOVEL BUMI KARYA TERE LIYE DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Putri Fitri Pricilia , Afnita Afnita 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to explain the value of character education in the novel Bumi by Tere Liye and how its implication in learning. This research is a qualitative study using descriptive methods. The data source is the novel Bumi by Tere Liye. The value of character education contained in the novel, including: (1) honesty, (2) discipline, (3) curiosity, (4) national spirit, (5) friendly and communicative, (6) fond of reading, (7) social care, and (8) responsibility. In total there are 18 data, the highest value is the value of curiosity character education. Kata Kunci: nilai pendidikan karakter, novel, Tere Liye
Analysis of heterogeneity of economic development of territories in the conditions of digitalization
Authors: Dubrovskaya Julia V. 
Published: November 2020

The introduction of modern digital solutions in various sectors of the economy and
public life objectively affects the indicators of territorial development. In this article, the issue of
assessing the prospects and trends of changes in the spatial organization of the national
economy in the conditions of digitalization is actualized. To analyze the digital space the author used the indicator "Proportion of population who used the Internet to order goods and (or)
services in the total population", for the analysis of economic space we used adjusted GRP
per capita. Spatial econometrics tools were used to empirically test the hypothesis of the relationship between digital and economic heterogeneity of regional development. As a result of
calculations of global Moran indices using the boundary matrix of weights, a statistically significant, positive spatial autocorrelation among neighboring regions was revealed, i.e. it was
proved that clustering processes take place. Visual interpretation of the results in the form of
constructed spatial scattering diagrams and geographical maps clearly proved that the population of regions with high per capita GRP is an active user of online stores, and vice versa.
Additionally, the analysis of interregional indices of digitalization for 2014-2018 proved that,
first, tendencies will be strengthened by increasing the proportion of the population using the Internet for online shopping, on the one hand, and increasing supply companies of distance
trade on the other; second, the processes of expansion of online sales will have a positive
impact on business development, and to increase the GRP of the territory. Thus, in the course
of this study, it was revealed that digitalization is a significant factor in the spatial and economic development of both individual regions and the entire country.
UNIVERSO BERROCAL
Authors: López Rubiño David 
Published: November 2020

En una de las múltiples visitas al estudio taller de Miguel Berrocal en Villanueva de Algaidas (sede de la Fundación Escultor Berrocal para las Artes) que hemos tenido el privilegio de realizar a lo largo de 2019-2020 –con el pretexto de la preparación de este número–, tuvo lugar uno de esos encuentros fortuitos que el estudio taller propicia. De repente me reconocí inmerso en una especie de relato de Vila - Matas. Imaginé una escena tan improbable y singular, como surrealista: visualicé en la entrada de la Villa del Negrar a un impoluto e impecable dandi, de traje oscuro y singular bombín. Un paraguas en una mano y una pequeña maleta en la otra. Podía reconocer la misma corbata de flores que aparece en el retrato que hizo S. Schapiro en 1965 de René François Ghislain Magritte con su fascinante Golconda(1953) como fondo. Aunque lo mas llamativo esta vez no sería ni el bombín ni la corbata, sino un florido botín de vivos colores. Aunque solo uno, el derecho. En el pie izquierdo se dejaba ver un calcetín listado. El pintor surrealista, “el jinete perdido”, esperaba de tal guisa ser recogido en coche por su marchante Alexander Yolas. Para quizás emprender el largo viaje de vuelta a Schaerbeek tras haber verificado el proceso de fundición de unos moldes en cera de su obra, cuya supervisión Yolas había encomendado a Berrocal en 1967.
El párrafo anterior intenta describir[1]y hacer emerger –confiando en el potencial de la écfrasis[2]– una imagen muy concreta, aunque ésta no sea mas que unaconstrucción imaginaria. Pero eso sí, una imagen que fue provocada e inducida por un objeto en particular. Se ponía así de manifiesto todo su potencial afectivo/efectivo, o como diría Alfred Gell (2016), su ‘agencia’. Este objeto es, precisamente, el botín cuya fotografía ocupa la portada de este número:La chaussure de Magritte (López, 2019).Un objeto que, a priori, poco o nada tendría que ver con el universo de Berrocal, salvo por el hecho de que este zapato en concreto, este supuesto botín de Magritte, se encontraba cuidadosamente dispuesto en una estantería de su estudio. (Continuar leyendo)

[1]Entendiendo que un texto solo puede describir lo que vemos en una imagen, pero en ningún caso puede llegar a representarlo (Goodman, 1976).
[2]Mitchell en su conocida Teoría de la Imagen (2009) analiza lo que el mismo denomina “la fascinación del problema de la écfrasis”, e identifica tres estadios de la misma: “el miedo a la écfrasis”, “la esperanza ecfrásica” y por último “la indiferencia a la écfrasis” (pp. 138-139). Para posicionarse finalmente –contra Goodman– de forma explícita a favor de la última posición, asumiendo que: “(…) no existe ninguna diferencia esencial entre los textos y las imágenes y, por tanto, no hay ningún cisma que deba quedar superado por estrategias ecfrásticas especiales.” (p.144). [Véase la discusión sobre esta posición en Kurazynska y Cabrera (2020)].
The Fabrication of Cassava Silk Fibroin-Based Composite Film with Graphene Oxide and Chitosan Quaternary Ammonium Salt as a Biodegradable Membrane Material
Authors: Zhao Shuqiang , Ma Pibo , Wan Ailan , Huang Jiwei , Yu Houyong , Lai Enping , Lin Haitao , Miao Xuhong , Yue Xinxia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A novel and excellent composite film was fabricated by simply casting cassava silk fibroin (CSF), chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC), and graphene oxide (GO) in an aqueous solution. Scanning electron microscope images showed that when GO was dispersed in the composite films, the surface of CSF-based composite film became rough, and a wrinkled GO structure could be found. When the content of GO was 0.8%, the film displayed a higher change with respect to the breaking strength and elongation, respectively, up to 97.69 ± 3.69 and 79.11 ± 1.48 MPa, keeping good thermal properties because of the incorporation of GO and HACC. Furthermore, the novel CSF/HACC/GO composite film demonstrates a lower degradation rate, implying the improvement of the resistance to the enzyme solution. Especially in the film with 0.8 wt% GO, the residual mass arrived at 64.35 ± 1.1% of the primary mass after 21 days compared with the CSF/HACC film. This would reclaim the application of silk-based composite films in the biomaterial field.
Rule by the Few in the Federalist Papers: An Examination of the Aristocratic Preference of Publius
Authors: Felice Carl M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Federalist Papers are a set of eighty-five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay during the founding era of the United States, with the purpose of persuading the states to adopt the Constitution as the replacement for the Articles of Confederation. The Papers were some of the most impressive political writings of the time, and are still cited frequently today by the United States Supreme Court. The arguments set forth in the Papers attempted to defend the Constitution's aristocratic characteristics against its opponents, the Anti-Federalists, while also attempting to normalize an anti-democratic, representative form of government in the minds of the American people. The clever advocacy and skillful rhetoric employed by Hamilton, Madison, and Jay led to the eventual ratification of the Constitution, and consequently the creation of the most powerful and prosperous nation on the planet. This paper examines the differences between the traditional forms of government, the political philosophies of the Papers’ authors, the anti-democratic, aristocratic nature of the government proposed by the Constitution, and the arguments for and against its adoption, as articulated in the Papers and various other writings.
Development of crop production in the Slovakia and Czechia after the year 2004 in comparison with V4 countries
Authors: Némethová Jana , Svobodová Hana , Křejčí Ondřej , Věžník Antonín 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The V4 countries went through a transformation of their entire economies, including the agricultural sector, in the 1990s. Each of these countries approached the transformation of agriculture differently, but later the V4 countries’ approach to agricultural development was unified by the EU's common agricultural policy. The aim of the paper was to compare the development of the production (sown area and hectare yield) of selected most commonly cultivated crops in Slovak and Czech regions (NUTS 3) in the period between 2004 and 2017. The development of production in these two countries was also evaluated against the trends of V4 countries. Based on these analyses, common and specific agriculture development trends in V4 countries were revealed. A chronological average was used to evaluate the average values of the monitored indicators in the period from 2004 to 2017 in Slovak and Czech regions. To express the development of the given indicators between 2004 and 2017, the change index was used and visualised cartographically. Regression analysis was used to show the development trends of agricultural production in the V4 countries. In general, the agricultural sectors in the V4 countries show similar characteristics with similar trends, and the average hectare yield has a modest growing trend. In terms of the structure of the cultivated plants, the size of the cultivated areas, the volume of production and the average hectare yields, there have been considerable changes to crop farming in Slovak and Czech regions. The study showed that the changes in the agrarian sector after the year 2004 conditioned by the entry of Czechia and Slovakia into the European Union were reflected in a decrease in crop production and an increase in regional disparities. From the point of view of the production indicator expressing the hectare yield of crops, Czechia achieves better indicator values than does Slovakia.
A System Dynamics Approach to Decision-making Tools in Farm Tourism Development
Authors: Žibert Maja , Rozman Črtomir , Škraba Andrej , Prevolšek Boris 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Besides visiting the main tourist attractions in Slovenia, many tourists want to spend their free time in the countryside as well, but the number of farming establishments in Slovenia diminished distinctly in the last years.
Objectives: This paper aims to develop a system dynamics model, with the goal to analyse dynamics of the diversification of agricultural holdings into farm tourism activities in Slovenia.
Methods/Approach: A system dynamics methodology was chosen to model the diversification in farm tourism. First, we present a basic concept of a system dynamics model with a causal loop diagram. Further, a system dynamics model with different scenarios is presented.
Results: The main feedback loops were identified, and the simulation model was used to analyse different simulation scenarios of the transition of farming establishments into farm tourism facilities.
Conclusions: The model provides the answers to the strategic questions about the dynamics of transfer into tourist farms, using several simulation scenarios. The transition mainly relies on subsidies, promotion of diversification and the growth of rural tourism, which provides a relevant direction for the development of future incentives.
Cash flow sensitivity of investment: Evidence from the Polish listed companies
Authors: Nehrebecki Marian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper focuses on assessment of the sensitivity of investment on cash flow (ICFS) made by listed companies in Poland. Achieving this goal will also involve analysing and drawing conclusions about the balance-sheet channel of monetary transmission. An empirical part uses data from financial statements for Poland derived from Emerging Markets Information Services (EMIS), related to companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange and NewConnect. Estimations were made using the Ordinary Least Squares method with robust standard errors, and results made it clear that cash flow has a positive significant impact, indicating that most companies operate on the imperfect and incomplete market, and with constrained or costly access to external financing. Further, it is found that the impact is significantly strong in the slowdown, as financial constraints are more binding. These results seem to confirm that the balance-sheet channel of monetary transmission is operative in Poland.
Technology-Driven Innovations in Financial Services: The Rise of Alternative Finance
Authors: Gąsiorkiewicz Lech , Monkiewicz Jan , Monkiewicz Marek 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Financial systems worldwide are increasingly experiencing the mounting pressure of the technology-based financial innovations. Some of these developments are generating alternative financial structures existing parallelly to the “old” ones, whereas some others are simply replacing the “old” ones. Alternative intermediating institutions are gaining ground vis-à-vis incumbents, relying on their technological and market supremacy. The space of traditional financial intermediation requires new solutions to be more competitive. Some technological solutions provide additionally for the partial or entire disintermediation of the financial services, thus removing some existing transaction costs and matching directly economic agents. Digitalization and datafication, coupled with artificial intelligence, are offering immense new operational opportunities and economic benefits. On the other hand, they are also the source of new risks to the financial and economic systems, financial stability, national security, and consumer well-being, which need to be properly addressed. We review in this paper principal components of the current stream of technology-based financial innovations and their main drivers, as well as discuss major strategic issues and impacts that we are facing in this area.
Treatment Quality through Advanced Practice Nurses (APN) and Clinical Nurses (CN) in Ambulatory Primary Health Care – a retrospective study / Behandlungsqualität durch Advanced Practice Nurses (APN) und Clinical Nurses (CN) in der ambulanten Gesundheitsversorgung – eine retrospektive Studie
Authors: Ambrosch Christian , Mathier Isabelle , Bajusic Irina , Bucher Thomas , Wüst Chantal 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The shortage of general practitioners in Switzerland requires new ways to ensure primary outpatient health care. The group practice Medbase Winterthur Neuwiesen has been testing the use of Advanced Practice Nurses (APN) and Clinical Nurses (CN) for the treatment of clearly defined cases with minor illnesses for the past two years. In the context of quality assurance, this study examines the quality of treatment and outcome in 60 patients with symptoms of an acute upper respiratory tract infection, half of whom were assigned to a physician and half to an APN/CN

Methods
Analysis of the treatment and the outcome of 60 patient files, half of which were randomly assigned to a physician and half to an APN/CN.

Results
APN/CN treated significantly more often according to standardized guidelines than physicians; the outcome in patients treated by APN/CN was slightly better, the difference is not significant, though.

Discussion
The use of APN and CN in outpatient primary care is possible without compromising the quality of treatment in cases with minor illnesses and clearly defined guidelines for treatment.