bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentially expressed lnc - NOS2P3-miR-939-5p axis in chronic heart failure inhibits myocardial and endothelial cells apoptosis via iNOS/TNFα pathway
Authors: Chen Cuncun , Zong Ming , Lu Ying , Guo Yide , Lv Honggen , Xie Lihong , Fu Zhiyan , Cheng Yu , Si Yuying , Ye Bei , Fan Lieying 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory cytokines induced cells apoptosis is important for initiation and progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) were critical in this pathogenesis. However, their roles in inflammation and apoptosis of CHF remain unclear. Methods: A total of 75 CHF and 36 non-CHF control patients were collected and the level of miR-939-5p was detected. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay was used to predict and verify pairs of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the expression of lncRNA, miRNAs and mRNAs. CCK8 and flow cytometry were applied to determine cells vitality and apoptosis. Western blot was used for protein level analysis. Results : CHF patients had elevated serum miR-939-5p, with greater increase in NYHA I-II patients than in NYHA III-IV. Moreover, miR-939-5p was positively correlated with BNP in NYHA III-IV patients, while not in NYHA I-II, suggesting that miR-939-5p might be an additional supplement for diagnosis of heart failure. Further study showed miR-939-5p mimic promoted proliferation and inhibited inflammatory cytokines induced apoptosis of HUVECs and H9C2, while inhibition of endogenous miR-939-5p by antagomir produced the opposite effects. INOS and TNFα were identified and confirmed as target genes of miR-939-5p. Moreover, we identified lncRNA-NOS2P3 as a sponge RNA to inhibit miR-939-5p expression, regulate the expression of iNOS/TNFα, and control inflammation induced myocardial and endothelial cells apoptosis. Conclusions : Together, CHF patients exhibited elevated serum miR-939-5p especially in NYHA I-II grades. Lnc-NOS2P3-miR-939-5p-iNOS/TNFα pathway played an important role in regulating inflammatory cytokines induced cells apoptosis and provided a promising strategy for diagnosis and treatment of CHF.
Mental health, disability and cardiovascular risks in South African adults with hypertension: structural equation models of causal pathways
Authors: Bachmann Max Oscar , Bhana Arvin , Grady Katherine , Folb Naomi , Thornicroft Graham , Zani Babalwa , Lund Crick , Lombard Carl , Levitt Naomi , Fairall Lara , Hanass-Hancock Jill , Petersen Inge 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aim South African adults with hypertension often have comorbid physical and mental health problems and disabilities, which can influence each other in complex ways. We modelled potential causal pathways connecting multimorbidity, depression, stress, disability and cardiovascular risks. Methods The study analysed observational data on 1043 adults with treated hypertension and with symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score > 9) who participated in a randomised trial in 20 primary health care clinics. A structural equation path model using cross-sectional baseline data estimated direct and indirect effects of sociodemographic variables and comorbidities on depression, stress and disability scores, and their further direct and indirect effects on smoking, body mass index and blood pressure. A cross-lagged structural equation model using longitudinal data estimated effects of depression symptoms, disability and blood pressure on each other over time. Results At baseline, depression symptoms as outcome were positively associated with previous myocardial infarction, blood pressure, and disability. Disability was positively associated with depression symptoms, stress scores, myocardial infarction and tuberculosis. Body mass index was positively associated with income and female sex and negatively associated with HIV, tuberculosis, perceived stress and age. Systolic blood pressure was positively associated with depression symptoms and age, and negatively associated with tuberculosis. Indirect effects of myocardial infarction and age on disability were partly mediated through perceived stress and depression symptoms. Baseline depression symptoms predicted greater disability after one year, and baseline disability predicted greater depression symptoms and higher blood pressure after one year. Conclusions Control of cardiovascular risk factors in primary care patients with hypertension is interrelated with their mental health, disability, and comorbidity. Better mental health care and management of disability could help control blood pressure and reduce cardiovascular risk.
Evaluation of the Effect of New Health Reform Policy of China Based on Prospect Theory
Authors: Guan Yueyue , Huang Zhe 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: New health reform policy of China has gone through more than ten years from 2009 to 2019, it has come a critical period. It is important to evaluate the effect of health system reform policy, but there are a few existing studies and the researchers have not considered the impact of psychological factors on person decision-making. This study using the prospect theory can overcome this defect. Let the evaluation of the effect of new medical reform policy of China more scientific and reasonable. Methods: Data on the effect of the new health reform from China Health Statistics Yearbook and National Bureau of Statistics of China were obtained. And the indicators were selected by Corrected Item Total Correlation and Cronbach’s α reliability coefficient. The selected indicator data were calculated by the prospect theory model. Meanwhile the gray relation analysis method is introduced to enlarge the difference between the advantages and disadvantages to making the comprehensive evaluation result more obvious. Results: The results of comprehensive evaluation of the effects of health reform policies in China fluctuated from 2000 to 2017. From 2000 to 2004, the fluctuation range of the comprehensive prospect value is large; from 2004 to 2009, the comprehensive prospect value shows a slow downward trend; from 2009 to 2012, the comprehensive prospect value has decreased slightly, and then it has rebounded substantially; from 2012 to 2014, the comprehensive prospect value is stable; and from 2014 to 2017, the comprehensive prospect value is declining. Conclusions: This study showed that the implementation of new health reform policy of China has a significant impact on China's medical and health system. The new health reform advanced hard in exploration. It is worth affirming that the overall goal and direction of the new health reform are correct, but the practice is unsatisfactory. The releasing and implementation of supporting policy have the important influence on the progress of the new health reform. And the effect of the policy will decrease with the increase of the total amount. Therefore, scientific and effective late management can ensure that the policy continues to play its role.
Burden of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy: an intersectional analysis of gender, poverty, stigma, and public policy.
Authors: Vadivelan K , Sekar P , Sru S Shri , Gopichandran Vijayaprasad 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy suffer from substantial psycho-social burden. However, there is scarcity of documentation of the various sources of burden in the low- and middle-income settings. Methods We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews among mothers of children with cerebral palsy attending a physiotherapy facility. We purposively sampled mothers from rural and peri-urban areas in Tamil Nadu, India, till the point of data saturation. We analysed the transcripts using the socio-ecological model to identify major dimensions of psycho-social burden among these mothers. Results At the individual level the mothers perceived physical aches and pains due to the heavy activity of caregiving. They also suffered from a feeling of guilt about the child’s condition. Due to difficulty in balancing family and work, they had significant financial burdens. They also perceived a lack of knowledge and awareness about possible options for treatment of their child. At the interpersonal level, the mothers lacked support from their husband and family in the process of caregiving. They also had to suffer the ill effects of alcoholism and domestic violence from the husbands. They had to compromise on the care they provided to the other family members. At the community level the mothers had no support from the community members and felt isolated from others. The mothers also reported discrimination and lack of participation in social events. Environmental stressors like lack of inclusive public spaces, lack of options for public transport and unfriendly work timings and environment were a major source of burden. The mothers felt that the disability welfare support offered by the government was grossly insufficient and there was no platform for interactions with other peers and mothers suffering from similar burden. Conclusion Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy have unique burdens in a typical low- and middle-income setting including an intersection of patriarchy, poverty, stigmatization and non-inclusive public policy, which need to be addressed to improve the quality of life of caregivers.
Microstructural changes in the trigeminal nerve of patients with episodic migraine assessed using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Mungoven Tiffani J. , Meylakh Noemi , Marcizewski Kasia , Macefield Vaughan G. , Macey Paul M. , Henderson Luke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

There is histological evidence of microstructural changes in the zygomaticotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve in migraineurs. This raises the possibility that altered trigeminal nerve properties contribute to migraine pathophysiology. Whilst it is not possible to explore the anatomy of small trigeminal nerve branches it is possible to explore the anatomy of the trigeminal root entry zone using magnetic resonance imaging in humans. The aim of this investigation is to assess the microstructure of the trigeminal nerve in vivo to determine if nerve alterations occur in individuals with episodic migraine.

Methods

In 39 migraineurs and 39 matched controls, T1-weighted anatomical images were used to calculate the volume (mm 3 ) and maximal cross-sectional area of the trigeminal nerve root entry zone; diffusion tensor images were used to calculate fractional anisotropy, mean diffusion, axial diffusion and radial diffusion.

Results

Whilst there were no significant differences between controls and migraineurs with respect to volume or cross-sectional area, migraineurs displayed reduced fractional anisotropy. Furthermore, although there were no differences in average mean diffusion, axial diffusion or radial diffusion, regional analysis of the nerve revealed significantly greater mean diffusion and radial diffusion in the rostral portion of the trigeminal nerve in migraineurs compared with controls.

Conclusions

Migraine pathophysiology is associated with microstructural abnormalities within the trigeminal nerve that are consistent with histological evidence of altered myelin and/or organization. These peripheral nerve changes may provide further insight into migraine pathophysiology and enable a greater understanding for targeted treatments of pain alleviation.
Low UV-C stress modulates Chlamydomonas reinhardtii biomass composition and oxidative stress response through proteomic and metabolomic changes involving novel signalers and effectors
Authors: Colina Francisco , Carbó María , Meijón Mónica , Cañal María Jesús , Valledor Luis 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The exposition of microalgae and plants to low UV-C radiation dosages can improve their biomass composition and stress tolerance. Despite UV-C shares these effects with UV-A/B but at much lower dosages, UV-C sensing and signal mechanisms are still mostly unknown. Thus, we have described and integrated the proteometabolomic and physiological changes occurring in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii – a simple Plantae model– into the first 24 h after a short and low intensity UV-C irradiation in order to reconstruct the microalgae response system to this stress.Results The microalgae response was characterized by increased redox homeostasis, ROS scavenging and protein damage repair/avoidance elements. These processes were upregulated along others related to the modulation of photosynthetic electron flux, antenna size, carbon fixation and C/N metabolism. These changes, attributed to either direct UV-C-, ROS- or redox unbalances-associated damage, trigger a response process involving novel signaling intermediaries and effectors as the translation modulator FAP204, a PP2A like protein and a novel DYRK kinase. These elements were found linked to the modulation of Chlamydomonas biomass composition (starch accumulation) and proliferation, within an UV-C response probably modulated by different epigenetic factors.Conclusion Chosen multiomics integration approach was able to describe many fast changes, including biomass composition and ROS stress tolerance, as a response to a low intensity UV-C stress. Moreover, the employed omics and systems biology approach placed many previously unidentified protein and metabolites at the center of these changes. These elements would be promising targets for the characterization of this stress response in microalgae and plants and the engineering of more productive microalgae strains.
New technique and strategy for posterior column, posterior wall, ischium, and quadrilateral plate fixation from the anterior approach for acetabular fractures
Authors: Asanuma Kunihiro , Miyamura Gaku , Suzuki Yoshiaki , Satonaka Haruhiko , Yoshida Kakunoshin , Hara Takahisa , Takada Naoya , Asanuma Yumiko , Nakamura Tomoki , Hagi Tomohito , Uemura Tsuyoshi , Sudo Akihiro 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAcetabular fractures are relatively common, but management of the ischial fragment is a considerable problem when determining whether to use only the anterior approach or to add the posterior approach for anterior column and posterior hemitransverse acetabular fractures, T-type fractures, and both column fractures. This study is the first to demonstrate how to screw or drill around the quadrilateral space, posterior column, posterior wall, and near the ischial tuberosity from the anterior approach by a novel "sleeve guide technique". MethodsFirst, a nozzle, drill, depth gauge, and driver were prepared from DepuySynthes. Periosteum of the internal obturator muscle was detached from the quadrilateral plate to near the ischial tuberosity, while paying attention not to injure Alcock’s canal. The skin was cut about 1.5 cm opposite to the side of the fracture, and the nozzle was inserted as an external sleeve. Drilling, measuring screw length, and screwing were performed through this nozzle. With this technique, the approach angles of drilling and screwing to the posterior wall and ischium were inclined, and plating from the ischium to the ilium could be performed from the anterior approach. ResultsTwo cases are presented. Case 1 was a 63-year-old man who had a left both column fracture with a free bone fragment of the joint surface. After plating a 14-hole plate from the pubis to the ilium, a bent 14-hole plate was placed at the quadrilateral space as a buttress, and a screw was inserted from the posterior wall to the ilium using sleeve guide technique. Case 2 was a 66-year-old man with a quadrilateral fracture. After a 13-hole plate was bent and placed at the quadrilateral space, screws were inserted to the ischium and posterior wall using sleeve guide technique ConclusionsSleeve guide technique is very easy, useful, and safe to drill and insert screws to the quadrilateral space, posterior wall, and near the ischial tuberosity from the anterior approach. This technique can be used for simple drilling and screwing of a small T buttress plate held by a ball spike at the quadrilateral space from the surgical window. We believe that these techniques lead to new strategies for acetabular fractures.
Improving malaria preventive practices and pregnancy outcomes through a health educational intervention: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: BALAMI AHMED DAHIRU , Said Salmiah Muhammad , Zulkefli Nor Afiah Muhammad , Norsa’adah Bachok 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of malaria in pregnancy and its complications, remain very high in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the effects of a malaria health educational intervention based on the information-motivation-behavioural skills (IMB) model on malaria preventive practices and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: The study was a randomized controlled parallel-group study, where 372 randomly selected antenatal care attendees were randomly assigned to one of either two groups after collecting baseline data. The intervention group then received a four-hour health education intervention developed based on the IMB model, while the control group received a similarly designed health education on breastfeeding, and were then followed-up to the end of their pregnancies. The intention-to-treat analysis using the generalized linear mixed models was used to analyse the data obtained. Results: The reported frequency of ITN use and dose of IPTp taken, were higher in the intervention group by 0.32 levels ( p =0.024) and 0.37 doses ( p <0.001) respectively, implying that for 32% and 37% of the participants, an individual in the intervention group slept more frequently under an ITN by one day, and had also took one dose of IPTp more than an individual in the control group. The intervention group also achieved a haematocrit level of 0.80% higher than the control group. The intervention however, had no significant effect on the incidence of malaria diagnosis or babies’ birth weights. Conclusion: The intervention was effective in improving ITN use, IPTp uptake, and haematocrit levels. It is therefore recommended for the module to be adopted and incorporated into the routine antenatal care programmes in the state.
Use of long-lasting insecticidal nets among women attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary hospital in Bayelsa State, Nigeria 2019
Authors: Ibegu Maria Imaobong , Hamza Khadeejah Liman , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David , Numbere Tamuno-Wari , Ndoreraho Adolphe , Dahiru Tukur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction Malaria in pregnancy remains a major contributor to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality despite scale up in interventions. Its prevention is one of the major interventions in reducing maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. We assessed the ownership, utilization and predictors of use of long-lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) for malaria prevention among women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) at a tertiary hospital in Bayelsa State Nigeria. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 297 women recruited through systematic sampling. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, ownership, source and utilization of LLINs, were collected with a pre-tested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. We examined the relationship between use of LLIN and sociodemographic characteristics using chi square and logistic regression at 5% level of significance. Results The mean age of respondents was 28.8 ± 2.6 years. Most (59.2%) had tertiary education and were mainly (88.2%) urban dwellers. Two hundred and fifty (84.2%) owned LLINs, and 196 (78%) used LLIN the night prior to the interview. Almost half of the respondents purchased their LLINs. Those who purchased LLINs were 3 times more likely to have used it (OR: 3.13, 95% CI: 1.62-6.04) compared to those that got it free. Those who were gainfully employed (OR: 3.16, 95% CI: 1.59-6.29) and those who earned above the minimum wage (OR: 2.88, 95% CI: 1.45-5.72) were 3 times more likely to have used LLIN in their index pregnancy. Conclusion The use of LLIN as a preventive measure against malaria was relatively high among the participants in this study, though still below national target. The major factors determining the use of LLIN among these women were purchase of LLINs and being gainfully employed. We recommend that efforts should be made to enforce the policy of free LLINs at ANC registration at the tertiary hospitals, as this would further drive up ownership and utilization rates.
Liver cirrhosis affects serum lactate level measurement while assessing disease severity in patients with sepsis
Authors: Cheng Chi Yung , Kung Chia-Te , Wu Kuan-Han , Chen Fu-Cheng , Cheng Hsien-Hung , Cheng Fu-Jen , Huang Jyun-Bin , Su Chih-Min 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Elevated serum lactate is associated with higher mortality in sepsis, whereas liver dysfunction is associated with higher serum lactate levels. We assessed the predictive ability of serum lactate in patients with liver cirrhosis and sepsis. Methods This retrospective study included 12,281 cases of suspected infection with initial serum blood lactate drawn during January 2007-December 2013. Results Using one-to-two propensity score matching analysis, 1,053 and 2,106 septic patients with and without underlying liver cirrhosis, respectively, were successfully matched. Lactate levels of survivors and non-survivors were 2.58 and 5.93 mmol/L, respectively, in patients without liver cirrhosis (WLC), 2.96 and 7.29 mmol/L, respectively, in patients with non-decompensated liver cirrhosis (NDLC), and 4.08 and 7.1 6 mmol/L, respectively, in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC). Adjusted odds ratios of an initial serum lactate level >2 mmol/L in 28-day in-hospital mortality were 4.99, 4.74, and 3.33 in the WLC, NDLC, and DLC groups, respectively. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting mortality were 0.81 and 0.55, respectively, in the WLC group, 0.85 and 0.45, respectively, in the NDLC group, and 0.86 and 0.33, respectively, in the DLC group, using serum lactate levels >2.0 mmol/L. Conclusions Serum lactate level can be used to predict the severity of sepsis in patients with liver cirrhosis; however, its specificity would be lower at a cutoff of 2.0 mmol/L.