bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis and research on solution method of metal layer stress in fiber metal laminates
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Meng Weiying , Zhang Tian , Huang Xiao , Hou Shuai 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
As a new type composite material, fiber metal laminates (FMLs) have been widely applied in the aerospace field. To further develop and apply this new composite material, a stress prediction method for the metal layer in the laminates was examined. Based on the laminate theory, the stress characteristic of each layer material was analyzed under an external load. By studying the classical laminate theory, it was found that the calculation method of the global stiffness matrix fails to satisfy the actual situation of the laminates. The concept of the equivalent stiffness matrix was therefore introduced to modify the solution of stiffness matrix and accurately predict the metal layer stress. The equivalent stiffness matrix was then obtained using the sub-laminate stiffness theory and the energy method. The sub-laminate stiffness method was improved to apply to the orthotropic FMLs, and the energy method was expanded to apply to FMLs from a three-dimensional perspective. Taking 2/1 and 3/2 laminates of FMLs as examples, the metal layer stress was determined using the optical strain method and was predicted by employing the classical laminate theory along with the two correction methods. The effectiveness and advancement of the modified model were confirmed by comparative analysis.
Composite of bentonite/CoFe2O4/hydroxyapatite for adsorption of Pb (II)
Authors: Desalegn Yiene M , Andoshe Dinsefa M , Desissa Temesgen D 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this contribution, a composite from bentonite (B), CoFe2O4 (CF), and hydroxyapatite (HAP) was developed by chemical synthesis route for adsorption of a lead ion, Pb (II) from wastewater. Initially, a composite of B/CF was synthesized by varying the weight ratio of CF, i.e., (1–x)B/(x)CF (x = 0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.50), followed by ternary composite synthesis, which was formulated from the sample of (0.85B/0.15CF) and different weight ratios of HAP, i.e., (1–y)[(0.85B/0.15CF)]/yHAP where y = 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45 weight ratios of HAP. The sample of 0.85B/0.15CF was found to be optimal in its adsorption capacity of about 20 mg g−1 from the binary composite samples, while among the ternary composites, a sample with a composition of 0.65[(0.85B/0.15CF)]/0.35HAP revealed an optimum adsorption capacity of about 36 mg g−1, which was then selected for further studies. The adsorption kinetics of Pb (II) by the optimum 0.65[(0.85B/0.15CF)]/0.35HAP sample was studied at different contact times from 30–120 min, where the equilibrium was reached at around 90 min of contact time and the kinetic behavior adopted Pseudo-second order adsorption mechanism. The initial concentration of Pb (II) was also varied from 50–200 mg l−1 to study the adsorption isotherm, which resulted that adsorption capacity of 0.65[(0.85B/0.15CF)]/0.35HAP towards Pb (II) was increased to about 66 mg g−1 and the adsorption isotherm data best fitted with Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Therefore, the result of this study pinpoints that the present composite material is a potential candidate for the adsorption of Pb (II) ion.
Effect of Ag loading content on morphology and photocatalytic activity of Ag-TiO2 nanoparticulate films prepared via simultaneous plasma-enhanced chemical and physical vapor deposition
Authors: Jiang Dianping , Kusdianto K , Kubo Masaru , Shimada Manabu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Ag loading is known to enhance the photocatalytic performance of TiO2; however, the correlation between Ag and the resulting changes in TiO2 morphology and particle size is not well understood. A plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) were used to prepare Ag-TiO2 nanoparticulate thin films; the prepared films were annealed at 500 °C under N2 atmosphere. The Ag content was adjusted by the furnace temperature of the PVD system. Well-dispersed Ag nanoparticles on the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles were observed and analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The morphology, particle size, and photocatalytic activity of the films were evidently affected by the Ag content. TEM images showed that the TiO2 nanoparticle size increased with increasing Ag content. Evaluation of the photocatalytic activity based on the degradation of methylene blue under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation demonstrated that an Ag content of 2.2 wt% yielded the highest photocatalytic activity (5.5 times higher than that seen in a pristine TiO2 film). This fabrication method has advantages because it adds Ag in a more controlled manner compared to the liquid-phase methods. Furthermore, our fabrication method can provide a way to vary the Ag content while considering the relationship between the photocatalytic performance and the Ag content.
Anisotropic quantum critical point in the Ce3Al system with a large magnetic anisotropy
Authors: Vrtnik S , Krnel M , Koželj P , Jagličić Z , Kelhar L , Meden A , de Weerd M-C , Boulet P , Ledieu J , Fournée V , Dubois J-M , Dolinšek J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A magnetic field driven quantum critical point (QCP) is studied experimentally in the Ce3Al magnetically anisotropic intermetallic compound, which shows both antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering and heavy–fermion behavior. Measurements of the magnetic susceptibility, the magnetoresistance and the specific heat on a Ce3Al monocrystalline sample performed down to 0.35 K in magnetic fields up to 9 T demonstrate that the QCP is anisotropic regarding the orientation of the magnetic field relative to the magnetically easy direction. External magnetic field drives the AFM transition continuously toward zero temperature when applied in the (a, b) easy plane, reaching the QCP at the critical field

B

c

a
,
b

=

4.6 ± 0.4 T, where a quantum phase transition from the AFM to the paramagnetic state takes place. The magnetoresistance experiments below 1 K indicate that intermediate magnetic states may have formed near the QCP. For the field applied along the c hard direction, the QCP has not been observed within our experimental range of the magnetic field. The anisotropic, magnetic field driven QCP in the Ce3Al results from competition of the exchange interaction with the Zeeman interaction in the presence of a large magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The anisotropy of the QCP is a consequence of the fact that the magnetic anisotropy locks the magnetization into the easy plane and cannot be pulled out of the plane by the available laboratory field. Consequently, only the component of the magnetic field vector that lies in the easy plane participates in the QCP formation. In AFM systems with a large magnetic anisotropy, the magnetic field driven QCP is a continuous variable of the magnetic field vector orientation relative to the easy direction.
Racial Disparities in Health Among College-Educated African Americans: Can Attendance at Historically Black Colleges or Universities Reduce the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Midlife?
Authors: Colen Cynthia G , Pinchak Nicolo P , Barnett Kierra S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We expand on existing understandings of health disparities among middle-class African Americans by examining how the postsecondary educational context gives rise to the unequal distribution of health. We used panel data (1994–2009) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) to estimate whether the risk of developing metabolic syndrome by midlife significantly differs for African Americans who attended Historically Black College or Universities (HBCUs) versus predominantly White institutions. We found that HBCU enrollment was associated with a 35% reduction in the odds of metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HBCU attendees who grew up in more segregated environments experienced the greatest reductions in the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome. Our results underscore the important role that HBCUs play in the lives of African Americans and suggest their impacts go far beyond traditional benchmarks of socioeconomic achievement to include key health outcomes.
HRIBO: high-throughput analysis of bacterial ribosome profiling data
Authors: Gelhausen Rick , Svensson Sarah L , Froschauer Kathrin , Heyl Florian , Hadjeras Lydia , Sharma Cynthia M , Eggenhofer Florian , Backofen Rolf 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Ribosome profiling (Ribo-seq) is a powerful approach based on deep sequencing of cDNA libraries generated from ribosome-protected RNA fragments to explore the translatome of a cell, and is especially useful for the detection of small proteins (50–100 amino acids) that are recalcitrant to many standard biochemical and in silico approaches. While pipelines are available to analyze Ribo-seq data, none are designed explicitly for the automatic processing and analysis of data from bacteria, nor are they focused on the discovery of unannotated open reading frames (ORFs).

Results
We present HRIBO (High-throughput annotation by Ribo-seq), a workflow to enable reproducible and high-throughput analysis of bacterial Ribo-seq data. The workflow performs all required pre-processing and quality control steps. Importantly, HRIBO outputs annotation-independent ORF predictions based on two complementary bacteria-focused tools, and integrates them with additional feature information and expression values. This facilitates the rapid and high-confidence discovery of novel ORFs and their prioritization for functional characterization.

Availability and implementation
HRIBO is a free and open source project available under the GPL-3 license at: https://github.com/RickGelhausen/HRIBO.
Signal metrics analysis of oscillatory patterns in bacterial multi-omic networks
Authors: Bardozzo Francesco , Lió Pietro , Tagliaferri Roberto 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Motivation
One of the branches of Systems Biology is focused on a deep understanding of underlying regulatory networks through the analysis of the biomolecules oscillations and their interplay. Synthetic Biology exploits gene or/and protein regulatory networks towards the design of oscillatory networks for producing useful compounds. Therefore, at different levels of application and for different purposes, the study of biomolecular oscillations can lead to different clues about the mechanisms underlying living cells. It is known that network-level interactions involve more than one type of biomolecule as well as biological processes operating at multiple omic levels. Combining network/pathway-level information with genetic information it is possible to describe well-understood or unknown bacterial mechanisms and organism-specific dynamics.

Results
Following the methodologies used in signal processing and communication engineering, a methodology is introduced to identify and quantify the extent of multi-omic oscillations. These are due to the process of multi-omic integration and depend on the gene positions on the chromosome. Ad hoc signal metrics are designed to allow further biotechnological explanations and provide important clues about the oscillatory nature of the pathways and their regulatory circuits. Our algorithms designed for the analysis of multi-omic signals are tested and validated on 11 different bacteria for thousands of multi-omic signals perturbed at the network level by different experimental conditions. Information on the order of genes, codon usage, gene expression and protein molecular weight is integrated at three different functional levels. Oscillations show interesting evidence that network-level multi-omic signals present a synchronized response to perturbations and evolutionary relations along taxa.

Availability and implementation
The algorithms, the code (in language R), the tool, the pipeline and the whole dataset of multi-omic signal metrics are available at: https://github.com/lodeguns/Multi-omicSignals.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Lost in Translation or a Work in Progress? Developing Desistance-Informed Youth Justice Practice in the Welsh Context
Authors: Deering John , Evans Jonathan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article draws upon empirical research conducted within a Welsh Youth Offending Service (YOS) in 2017–2018. It captured staff responses to the introduction of AssetPlus, an assessment tool intended to complement a corresponding move to desistance-informed practice. Given that YOSs are now expected to develop practice underpinned by desistance theories, the article focuses on how desistance theories were interpreted and translated into one YOS. It was concluded that the introduction of the new practice model suffered from inadequate planning and AssetPlus assessment did little to enhance this shift. In an exercise in Utopianism, the views of practitioners and managers were sought on what constituted ‘ideal’ practice with children in conflict with the law. The researchers found some evidence of support for holistic child-centred social work practice that addressed contextual factors. The study was conducted with a small sample of practitioners and operational managers, involving seven semi-structured interviews, two focus groups (a total of eighteen respondents), case file analysis, document reading and observation. Given the size of the sample, the findings are not regarded as generalisable, but rather as raising important issues and pointers for further research.
Two decades of valve-sparing root reimplantation in tricuspid aortic valve: impact of aortic regurgitation and cusp repair
Authors: Tamer Saadallah , Mastrobuoni Stefano , Lemaire Guillaume , Jahanyar Jama , Navarra Emiliano , Poncelet Alain , Astarci Parla , El Khoury Gebrine , de Kerchove Laurent 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our goal was to analyse the influence of preoperative aortic regurgitation (AR) on the necessity of cusp repair during valve-sparing reimplantation (VSR). We focused on patients with tricuspid aortic valves (TAV) and evaluated the impact of AR and cusp repair on long-term outcomes.

METHODS
From March 1998 to December 2018, a total of 512 consecutive patients underwent VSR at our institution; of these, 303 had a TAV. The mean age was 53 ± 15 years, and the median follow-up was 6.12 years. The rate and type of cusp repair were analysed based on preoperative AR. Time-to-event analysis was performed, as well as risk of death, reoperation and AR recurrence.

RESULTS
Cusp repair was necessary in 168 (55.4%) patients; the rate rose significantly as AR grade increased (P &lt; 0.001). In-hospital mortality was 1% (n = 3). At 5 and 10 years, overall survival was 92 ± 2% and 75 ± 5%, respectively. Freedom from valve reoperation was 95 ± 2% and 90 ± 3%. Freedom from AR &gt;2+ and AR &gt;1+ at 10 years was 88 ± 4% and 70.4 ± 4.6%, respectively. Independent predictors of death included age, New York Heart Association functional class and type-A aortic dissection. Predictors of AR greater than mild included previous cardiac surgery and severe preoperative AR.

CONCLUSION
In patients with TAV receiving VSR, the necessity of cusp repair increased with the degree of preoperative AR. Preoperative AR and cusp repair do not impact long-term survival and aortic valve reoperation, but severe preoperative AR and multiple cusp repair increase the risk of recurrent moderate-to-severe AR. Overall, cusp repair seems to attenuate the negative impact of preoperative AR for at least 1 decade in a majority of patients.
Aortic valve replacement with biological prosthesis in patients aged 50–69 years
Authors: Malvindi Pietro Giorgio , Luthra Suvitesh , Olevano Carlo , Salem Hamdy , Kowalewski Mariusz , Ohri Sunil 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
There is no consensus regarding the use of biological or mechanical prostheses in patients 50–69 years of age. Previous studies have reported a survival advantage with mechanical valves. Our goal was to compare the long-term survival of patients in the intermediate age groups of 50–59 and 60–69 years receiving mechanical or biological aortic valve prostheses.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients in the age groups 50–59 years (n = 329) and 60–69 years (n = 648) who had a first-time isolated aortic valve replacement between 2000 and 2019. Kaplan–Meier and competing risk analyses were performed to compare survival, incidence of aortic valve reoperation, haemorrhagic complications and thromboembolic events for mechanical versus biological prostheses.

RESULTS
Patients aged 50–59 years with a biological prosthesis had a higher probability of aortic valve reintervention (26.3%, biological vs 2.6% mechanical; P &lt; 0.001 at 15 years). The incidence of haemorrhagic complications or thromboembolic events was similar in the 2 groups. Patients aged 60–69 years with a mechanical prosthesis had a higher risk of haemorrhagic complications (6.9%, biological vs 16.2%, mechanical; P = 0.001 at 15 years). Biological prostheses had a higher overall probability of reintervention for valve dysfunction (20.9%, biological vs 4.8%, mechanical; P = 0.024). In both age groups, there was no difference in long-term survival between patients receiving a biological or a mechanical prosthesis.

CONCLUSIONS
There was no difference in long-term survival between mechanical and biological prostheses for both age groups. Mechanical prostheses had a higher risk of bleeding in the 60–69-year group whereas biological valves had higher overall reintervention probability without an impact on long-term survival. It may be safe to use biological valves based on lifestyle choices for patients in the 50–69-year age group.
Pronunciation in course books: English as a lingua franca perspective
Authors: Kiczkowiak Marek 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In recent decades there has been a growing interest in the use of English as a lingua franca (ELF), for example identifying the lingua franca core (LFC), or pronunciation features important for intelligibility in ELF contexts. While some analyses of course books (CBs) have shown ELF research findings are not yet reflected in these materials, few studies have focused specifically on pronunciation in CBs, and none from an ELF perspective. Consequently, this study analysed to what extent pronunciation syllabi of six globally published CBs follow the LFC, and what beliefs informed the CB authors’ choice of pronunciation features. The results show that LFC features represent only between 5 and 33 per cent of the pronunciation syllabi. While most authors were aware of the LFC and eager to focus on intelligibility, they either did not think it was important to follow the LFC or could not do so due to publisher’s demands.
Economic Outcomes of Immigrants with Different Migration Motives: The Role of Labour Market Policies
Authors: Kanas Agnieszka , Steinmetz Stephanie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper studies the role of labour market policies for economic outcomes of immigrants with different migration motives. Using two recent European Union Labour Force Surveys ad hoc modules and applying country fixed-effects models, we examine if labour market policies can alleviate the economic disadvantage of family reunification and refugee immigrants in comparison to economic immigrants. In line with previous studies, we find that even after controlling for differences in human capital and socio-demographic characteristics, family reunification, and particularly refugee immigrants have considerably lower labour force participation and employment rates, and when employed, work fewer hours and have a lower occupational status than economic immigrants. However, we also find that the economic disadvantage of family reunification and refugee immigrants is significantly smaller in countries with more extensive labour market policies. These findings hold for the overall labour market mobility index as well as its specific sub-dimensions: general and targeted support and workers’ rights.
Validity of self-reported mammography uptake in the Belgian health interview survey: selection and reporting bias
Authors: Berete Finaba , Heyden Johan Van der , Demarest Stefaan , Charafeddine Rana , Tafforeau Jean , Oyen Herman Van , Bruyère Olivier , Renard Françoise 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The validity of self-reported mammography uptake is often questioned. We assessed the related selection and reporting biases among women aged 50–69 years in the Belgian Health Interview Survey (BHIS) using reimbursement data for mammography stemming from the Belgian Compulsory Health Insurance organizations (BCHI).

Methods
Individual BHIS 2013 data (n = 1040) were linked to BCHI data 2010–13 (BHIS–BCHI sample). Being reimbursed for mammography within the last 2-years was used as the gold standard. Selection bias was assessed by comparing BHIS estimates reimbursement rates in BHIS–BCHI with similar estimates from the Echantillon Permanent/Permanente Steekproef (EPS), a random sample of BCHI data, while reporting bias was investigated by comparing self-reported versus reimbursement information in the BHIS–BCHI. Reporting bias was further explored through measures of agreement and logistic regression.

Results
Mammography uptake rates based on self-reported information and reimbursement from the BHIS–BCHI were 75.5% and 69.8%, respectively. In the EPS, it was 64.1%. The validity is significantly affected by both selection bias {relative size = 8.93% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.21–14.64]} and reporting bias [relative size = 8.22% (95% CI: 0.76–15.68)]. Sensitivity was excellent (93.7%), while the specificity was fair (66.4%). The agreement was moderate (kappa = 0.63). Women born in non-EU countries (OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.54–5.13), with high household income (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02–1.60) and those reporting poor perceived health (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.14–1.73) were more likely to inaccurately report their mammography uptake.

Conclusions
The validity of self-reported mammography uptake in women aged 50–69 years is affected by both selection and reporting bias. Both administrative and survey data are complementary when assessing mammography uptake.
Eosinophilic pancreatitis: a review of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Sun Yue , Pan Dan , Kang Kai , Sun Ming-Jun , Li Yi-Ling , Sang Li-Xuan , Chang Bing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEosinophilic pancreatitis (EP) is an extremely rare disease caused by purely eosinophilic infiltration of the pancreas. EP is prone to being misdiagnosed as pancreatic cancer, causing unnecessary economic and physical harm to the patient. We report three cases of EP that were cured by steroids without relapse from 2017 to now. The clinical data of the three patients, including clinical manifestations, serological manifestations, imaging (ultrasound, computed tomography, and MRI), pathological diagnosis and treatment, and telephone follow-up of all patients, were retrospectively analysed. In addition, a literature search was conducted on the Web of Science and PubMed databases using key terms related to EP, considering case reports with no restrictions on the date of publication or language. In conclusion, we analysed 19 cases and determined the diagnostic criteria for EP. The diagnostic algorithm for EP can be used to diagnose EP easily. We hope that our standards and algorithm can reduce the rate of misdiagnosis and contribute to clinical diagnosis and treatment. In addition, we expect to evaluate more EP cases to test our diagnostic criteria and design a systematic diagnostic flow chart.