bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corticosteroids vs autologous blood injection for lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Zhou Chaodong , Wang Lu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
There is limited evidence to assess the evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of autologous blood injections in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis patients. For this study, the aim was to compare the efficiency of corticosteroid and autologous blood injections for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis in a retrospective cohort trial in our single center.

Methods:
After being approved by the institutional review committee of Chongqing General Hospital (IRB# 2018.417.C, November 9, 2018), we performed a single-center, retrospective study between November 2018 and January 2020. All participants provided written informed consent. The criteria for inclusion in our experiment are as follows: over 18 years old; with the history of at least 6 months of lateral epicondylitis; and the palpation of lateral epicondyle tenderness; visual analog scale (≥4). In the group A, the patient were injected the autologous blood. In group B, the patients were immersed with 0.5% of bupivacaine (1 ml) and local corticosteroids (2 ml) at lateral epicondyle. The outcomes were composed of a visual analog scores of subjective pain severity over the past 24 hours as the primary result; and limb function in various tasks of daily activity measured with disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand quick questionnaire scores, the maximum grip strength and the modified scores of Nirschl, as secondary results. All the results were assessed before the injection and at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after the injection. For all examination, when the P value was less than .05, it would be defined to be a statistically significant difference.

Results:
The results of this study would provide new information about the influence of autologous blood injections in treating the lateral epicondylitis.

Trial registration:
This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry6263).
Novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) combined with Chinese and Western medicine based on ”Internal and External Relieving -Truncated Torsion” strategy
Authors: Wu Xinxin , Lu Wei , Guo Quan , Cao Min , Zhang Wen , Liu Changya , Qu Yao , Peng Wei , Che Jinhua , Fang Bangjiang , Zhou Shuang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic since December 2020. It has not only associated with physiological disorder but also with psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness. Whether the vaccines and antivirals can provide protects remains unknown. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is recommended as an alternative and significant way of preventing and treating COVID-19 in China. However, few studies have assessed the benefits of this treatment and mental health after they recover. Our study is designed to investigate effects and safety when using TCM on the course of this disease and the impact of COVID-19 on pandemic-related anxiety.

Method:
For this prospective cohort study, we will enroll 300 COVID-19 patients aged 18 to 80 years at 4 centers. We divide them into 2 groups, according to whether they use Baidu Jieduan Granule at a ratio of 1:1. We will compare treatments combined Baidu Jieduan Granule with conventional Western medicine (experimental group) vs treatment of conventional Western medicine only (control group). The basic information of patients including demographic, general condition, primary diseases, and complications will be assessed. Related examines will be conducted at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days. The primary outcomes are clinical outcome. A follow-up time of 1 year (to June 30, 2021) allow us to evaluate the psychiatric disorder after recovery. We will monitor adverse events throughout the trial.

Discussion:
It will be the first prospective cohort study which uses Baidu Jieduan Granule, based on the innovation traditional Chinese medicine strategy of “ Internal and External Relieving -Truncated Torsion ” to treat the common type of COVID-19. The result of this study may provide evidence-based recommendations of TCM for treatment and psychological distress or symptoms of mental illness of the common type of COVID-19.
Telehealth in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Kompala Tejaswi , Neinstein Aaron B. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose of review
The role of telehealth in the care of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has expanded dramatically during the coronavirus pandemic, and is expected to remain a major care delivery modality going forward. This review explores the landscape of recent evidence for telehealth in T1D care.

Recent findings
Telemedicine for routine T1D care has shown equivalence to standard in-person care, with respect to glycemic control, while also increasing access, convenience, and satisfaction. Telehealth use promotes increased engagement of adolescents with T1D. Telehealth platforms have successfully been used in the care of microvascular complications and to support mental health related to diabetes. Machine learning and advanced decision support will increasingly be used to augment T1D care, as recent evidence suggests increasing capabilities to improve glycemic control. A spectrum of digital connected care services are emerging to support people with diabetes with daily management of diabetes. Finally, policy and systems are required that promote data interoperability, telemedicine provision, and reimbursement to support the ongoing growth of telehealth in T1D.

Summary
A developing field of evidence supports use of telehealth in T1D. As this care modality scales, it has the potential to increase access to high-quality diabetes care for many people with T1D.
Self-management Strategies for Risk Reduction of Subclinical and Mild Stage of Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema
Authors: Liu Fei , Li Fenglian , Fu Mei R. , Zhao Quanping , Wang Yingxin , Pang Dong , Yang Ping , Jin Sanli , Lu Qian 
Published: December 2020

Background
Early intervention with self-management strategies can potentially reduce the risk of progression of breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL).

Objective
To determine if The-Optimal-Lymph-Flow (TOLF) program focused on self-management strategies applied to patients with a subclinical or mild stage of BCRL can improve lymphedema-related behaviors, symptom experience, and limb circumference changes.

Methods
A total of 41 women with subclinical or mild lymphedema were enrolled in TOLF program. Lymphedema-related behaviors and lymphedema-related symptom experiences were measured by the Breast Cancer and Lymphedema Symptom Experience Index, and limb circumference changes were measured by sequential circumferential limb measurements at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the intervention. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the effects of the intervention on outcomes.

Results
Generalized estimating equations revealed that lymphedema-related behaviors and the number and severity of lymphedema-related symptoms were significantly improved at 4 postintervention test points compared with baseline (all P < .001). Reduced lymphedema-related symptom distress in functional, social, emotional, and psychological and self-perception (all P < .01) also resulted. The majority (77.5%) of patients maintained their preintervention lymphedema status; 17.5% of them reversed from mild lymphedema to subclinical lymphedema; 5.0% of them had lymphedema status progression.

Conclusion
Positive outcomes in terms of lymphedema-related behaviors, relieving lymphedema-related symptom experience, and halting the progression of lymphedema status were documented following TOLF.

Implications for Practice
Nurses could educate patients to incorporate the self-management strategies of TOLF program into daily life to help patients prevent or reverse subclinical or mild stage of BCRL.
Timing and Success of Postoperative Voiding Trial After Colpocleisis With and Without Concomitant Midurethral Sling
Authors: Powell T. Clark , Meyer Isuzu , Lin Chee Paul , Lipking Kelsey , Richter Holly E. 
Published: December 2020

Objective
The aim of this study was to compare failure rates of first voiding trial (VT) within 7 days and on postoperative day (POD) 1 after colpocleisis with versus without concomitant midurethral sling (MUS). Predictors of POD 1 VT failure were also examined.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of women undergoing colpocleisis from January 2012 to October 2019 comparing VT outcomes with versus without MUS. Primary outcome was first VT failure within 7 days; outcomes of VTs performed on POD 1 were also assessed. Association between MUS and VT failure and predictors of POD 1 VT failure were assessed via logistic regression.

Results
Of 119 women, 45.4% had concomitant MUS. First VT was performed on mean POD 3.1 ± 2.2 in the MUS group versus POD 1.8 ± 1.8 in the no MUS group (P < 0.01). The MUS group was less likely to undergo POD 1 VT (50% vs 83%, P < 0.01). Failure of the first VT did not differ (22.2% with MUS vs 32.8% without MUS, P = 0.20); no association between VT failure and MUS was noted (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–2.1). There were 68.1% (81/119) of participants who underwent POD 1 VT, MUS was performed in 33.3% (27/81). The POD 1 failure did not differ between those with 33.3% versus 40.7% without MUS (P = 0.52). Midurethral sling was not associated with POD 1 VT failure (aOR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.27–3.23). In women undergoing POD 1 VT, preoperative postvoid residual was associated with VT failure (aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.01–1.92).

Conclusions
In women undergoing colpocleisis, MUS was not associated with VT failure within 7 days or on POD 1. Increased preoperative postvoid residual was associated with POD 1 VT failure.
COVID-19 vaccines that reduce symptoms but do not block infection need higher coverage and faster rollout to achieve population impact
Authors: Swan David A. , Bracis Chloe , Janes Holly , Moore Mia , Matrajt Laura , Reeves Daniel B. , Burns Eileen , Donnell Deborah , Cohen Myron S. , Schiffer Joshua T. , Dimitrov Dobromir 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeveral COVID-19 vaccine candidates are in the final stage of testing. Interim trial results for two vaccines suggest at least 90% efficacy against symptomatic disease (VEDIS). It remains unknown whether this efficacy is mediated predominately by lowering SARS-CoV-2 infection susceptibility (VESUSC) or development of symptoms after infection (VESYMP). A vaccine with high VESYMP but low VESUSC has uncertain population impact.MethodsWe developed a mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, calibrated to demographic, physical distancing and epidemic data from King County, Washington. Different rollout scenarios starting December 2020 were simulated assuming different combinations of VESUSC and VESYMP resulting in up to 100% VEDIS with constant vaccine effects over 1 year. We assumed no further increase in physical distancing despite expanding case numbers and no reduction of infectivity upon infection conditional on presence of symptoms. Proportions of cumulative infections, hospitalizations and deaths prevented over 1 year from vaccination start are reported.ResultsRollouts of 1M vaccinations (5,000 daily) using vaccines with 50% VEDIS are projected to prevent 30%-58% of infections and 38%-58% of deaths over one year. In comparison, vaccines with 90% VEDIS are projected to prevent 47%-78% of the infections and 58%-77% of deaths over one year. In both cases, there is a greater reduction if VEDIS is mediated mostly by VESUSC. The use of a “symptom reducing” vaccine will require twice as many people vaccinated than a “susceptibility reducing” vaccine with the same 90% VEDIS to prevent 50% of the infections and death over one year. Delaying the start of the vaccination by 3 months decreases the expected population impact by approximately 40%.ConclusionsVaccines which prevent COVID-19 disease but not SARS-CoV-2 infection, and thereby shift symptomatic infections to asymptomatic infections, will prevent fewer infections and require larger and faster vaccination rollouts to have population impact, compared to vaccines that reduce susceptibility to infection. If uncontrolled transmission across the U.S. continues, then expected vaccination in Spring 2021 will provide only limited benefit.
Re-examining public debt and current account dynamics: SVAR evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Melesse Wondemhunegn Ezezew 
Published: December 2020

PurposePublic debt management is now an integral part of overall macroeconomic management in many developing and emerging market economies. Preventing unsustainable debt accumulation and maintaining healthy fiscal profile begins with understanding its key drivers both in the short and in the long run. The purpose of this paper is to analyze public debt and current account dynamics in Ethiopia.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies structural vector auto-regressive (SVAR) model on annual time series data to study general government debt and current account dynamics in Ethiopia for the period 1980–2018.FindingsBoth the impulse response and forecast error variance decomposition results confirm that fiscal balance exerts the strongest influence on both government debt and current account balance in the short run. In addition, own shock as well as shocks stemming from gross fixed capital formation and growth have significant effects on general government debt. The findings were robust to alternative data transformation, differing Choleski ordering of the model variables, and inclusion of exogenous deterministic terms that capture changes in the political landscape.Practical implicationsThe most important implication is that since fiscal balance is the strongest determinant of both public debt and current account balance, public investment efficiency is relevant here than anywhere else in the national economy. A recent study by Barhoumi et al. (2018) found that the sub-Saharan region lags behind its peers in terms of public sector investment efficiency with inefficiency gap of as large as 54% depending on the indicator variable for public investment output. Improving public investment spending efficiency would reduce government debt by enhancing productivity and growth – which has significant negative effect on public debt.Originality/valueFirst, the few studies conducted on Ethiopia are dominated by single equation specifications and do not account for the possibility of endogenous feedback effects among the model variables. Second, still equally important is the role of rising gross fixed capital formation in Ethiopia, which increased from about 13% (relative to GDP) in the 1980s to about 35% in the 2010s. Ignoring this variable amounts to a major model misspecification when analyzing short-run macro dynamics in low-income economies. Finally, the paper complements existing limited studies on Ethiopia by comparing the strength of shock propagation mechanisms using alternative data transformation techniques.
Users' perception of navigating bibliographic families from IFLA-LRM perspective
Authors: Arastoopoor Sholeh 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper focuses on the way users navigate bibliographic families not only when a user has no specific document in mind but also when he/she has a specific predefined need in mind.Design/methodology/approachTo this end, the Epic of Kings was selected as a test-bed for the study and both situations were studied based on International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions-Library Reference Model (IFLA-LRM), but the potential users (participants of this study) were not directly exposed to the entities of the model. Card sorting, interview and distributing questionnaire constituted the data-gathering process.FindingsAlmost all of the participants in this study, when they had no specific resource in mind, generated a top-down view of the family, and in this view, all of them disregarded the item entity and lots of them disregarded the manifestations also. Yet on the other side, when they were asked to assume themselves in certain situations (in need of a specific work with a predefined expression and format), they viewed the bibliographic family from a bottom-up approach.Originality/valueMost of the studies in this area regard the navigation process of users as a top-down approach and the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) family as a model suitable for hierarchical top-down visualization of bibliographic families. Yet this study poses the bottom-up approach of users regarding the family.
Sex steroid hormones, leptin, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels in adolescents
Authors: de Dios Olaya , Herrero Leticia , Vales‐Villamarín Claudia , Mahíllo‐Fernández Ignacio , Soriano‐Guillén Leandro , Garcés Carmen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe association of sex hormones with C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels has been reported. However, this association remains unexplored in children in whom important anthropometric and hormonal changes are taking place.ObjectivesTo analyze the association between high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) and testosterone, estradiol and sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) levels in a population‐based sample of adolescents, and to evaluate the influence of leptin levels on this association.Materials and MethodsThe sample population of this cross‐sectional study was comprised of 338 male and 385 female adolescents, aged 12–16 years. Information on anthropometric variables, hormone, leptin, and hs‐CRP levels was available.ResultsIn male adolescents in our study, higher age is significantly associated with higher testosterone levels and with lower leptin and SHBG concentrations across the range of age studied. No significant changes in leptin and SHBG levels by age are observed in females. In males, leptin correlates negatively with testosterone levels (−0.263, p < 0.001), showing a stronger correlation after adjusting by body mass index (BMI) (−0.424, p < 0.001). A significant correlation between hs‐CRP and testosterone levels is observed in males after adjusting by BMI, but the correlation disappears after adjusting by leptin. No association between testosterone and hs‐CRP was observed in females. The negative association between hs‐CRP levels and SHBG remains significant after adjusting by leptin in both sexes but disappears in males after adjusting by BMI.ConclusionThe negative association between hs‐CRP and testosterone concentrations observed in 12‐ to 16‐year‐old males seems to be related to leptin levels which are closely negatively related to testosterone levels in males independently of BMI.
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in the COVID‐19 era: Proposal for a continuous positive airway pressure closed‐loop circuit minimizing air contamination, oxygen consumption, and noise
Authors: Cavaglià Marco , Olivieri Carlo , Morbiducci Umberto , Raparelli Terenziano , Jacazio Giovanni , Ivanov Alexandre , Chiesa Alessandro , Savino Dario , Chiarenza Sebastiano M. , Romiti Armando , Romiti Andrea , Ferrara Marino , Musso Giuseppe , Audenino Alberto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNoninvasive continuous positive airway pressure (NIV‐CPAP) is effective in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Building evidence during the COVID‐19 emergency reported that around 50% of patients in Italy treated with NIV‐CPAP avoided the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Standard NIV‐CPAP systems operate at high gas flow rates responsible for noise generation and inadequate humidification. Furthermore, open‐configuration systems require a high concentration of oxygen to deliver the desired FiO2. Concerns outlined the risk for aerosolization in the ambient air and the possible pressure drop in hospital supply pipes. A new NIV‐CPAP system is proposed that includes automatic control of patient respiratory parameters. The system operates as a closed‐loop breathing circuit that can be assembled, combining a sleep apnea machine with existing commercially available components. Analytical simulation of a breathing patient and simulation with a healthy volunteer at different FiO2 were performed. Inspired and expired oxygen fraction and inspired and expired carbon dioxide pressure were recorded at different CPAP levels with different oxygen delivery. Among the main findings, we report (a) a significant (up to 30‐fold) reduction in oxygen feeding compared to standard open high flow NIV‐CPAP systems, to assure the same FiO2 levels, and (b) a negligible production of the noise generated in ventilatory systems, and consequent minimization of patients' discomfort. The proposed NIV‐CPAP circuit, reshaped in closed‐loop configuration with the blower outside of the circuit, has the advantages of minimizing aerosol generation, environmental contamination, oxygen consumption, and noise to the patient. The system is easily adaptable and can be implemented using standard CPAP components.
[99mTc‐HYNIC/EDDA]‐MccJ25 antimicrobial peptide analog as a potential radiotracer for detection of infection
Authors: Mazaheri Tehrani Maryam , Erfani Mostafa , Amirmozafari Nour 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBacterial infections are a serious risk to human health, and therefore techniques for early detection of infectious foci need to be further developed to begin treatment quickly and achieve better results. Antimicrobial peptides labeled with gamma‐emission radio nuclides are important diagnostic radiotracers in nuclear medicine. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of a 99mTc‐labeled MicrocinJ25 (MccJ25) antimicrobial peptide analog for early detection of infection. For this purpose, a HYNIC conjugated cyclic peptide derivative based on the primary structure of MccJ25 peptide was prepared and labeled by 99mTc with tricine and EDDA as coligands. The [99mTc‐HYNIC/EDDA]‐MccJ25 peptide analog showed high radiochemical purity (˃90% (n = 5)) which was stable up to 24 hr after labeling. The radiotracer showed specific uptake to the Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial (40.45 ± 5.21%) at 1 hr incubation. High kidneys uptake of radioactivity (4.71 ± 0.84% and 3.76 ± 0.45% ID/g at 1 and 4 hr after injection respectively) demonstrates that most of the whole body clearance was proceeded via the urinary system. Significant radioactivity uptake (1.71 ± 0.34%ID/g) was observed in thigh muscle of mouse with E. coli induced infection at 1 hr after injection. In the blocking test, due to the significant decrease of radioactivity uptake in the infection site (0.62 ± 0.21%ID/g after 1 hr), the specificity of infection uptake was reviled. Despite the high activity of the bladder due to urinary excretion, the infected area was somewhat visible. Hence, the results indicate the potential of this new radiotracer to be used as a diagnostic agent in E. coli infections.