bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exclusive B‐cell phenotype of primary prostatic lymphomas: a potential role of chronic prostatitis
Authors: Péricart Sarah , Syrykh Charlotte , Amara Nadia , Franchet Camille , Malavaud Bernard , Gaulard Philippe , Girard Jean‐Philippe , Ysebaert Loic , Laurent Camille , Brousset Pierre 
Published: December 2019

AimsPrimary prostatic lymphomas (PPL) is exceedingly rare. The aim of this study was to investigate the largest series of PPL obtained from a nationwide expert pathologist network, and thus try to understand the pathophysiology of these tumours.Methods and resultsUp to 66 000 lymphoma cases have been collected and submitted for central expert review by the French Lymphopath network. We confirm the low frequency of PPL (n = 77; 0.12%), all cases being of B‐cell origin. Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and small lymphocytic lymphoma were the most frequent subtypes, comprising 31% and 26% of cases respectively, followed by mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)/lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (19%), follicular lymphoma (12%), mantle cell lymphoma (6%), Burkitt lymphoma (4%), and unclassified lymphoma (1%). Clinical data obtained in 25 cases suggests that PPLs are rather indolent tumours. Our hypothesis for B‐cell recruitment in the prostatic tissue was derived from the observation in chronic inflammation (prostatitis) of frequent heterotopic proliferation of high endothelial venules (HEVs). The latter are dedicated to lymphocyte entry into secondary lymphoid organs, here putatively driving circulating clonal B‐lymphocytes from the blood into the inflamed prostate. This may account for the relatively high incidence of small lymphocytic lymphoma consistently reported in series of primary or secondary prostatic lymphoma. As in other organs or glands, chronic inflammation may promote antigen‐dependent intraprostatic MALT lymphoma and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma development.ConclusionsPPLs are exclusively of B‐cell origin, and chronic inflammation resulting from the proliferation of high endothelial venules could play some role in their development.
HETEROTEMPORALITY, THE ISLAMIC TRADITION, AND THE POLITICAL: LAROUI'S CONCEPT OF THE ANTINOMY OF HISTORY1
Authors: RIECKEN NILS 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTIf tradition has often figured as modernity's other, the Islamic tradition has long played the role of the modern constitutive other par excellence. Modern secularizing practices of timing and spacing feed this grounding of the political beyond the conceptual grip of tradition. The works by the Moroccan historian and philosopher Abdallah Laroui (b. 1933) put forward a concept of heterotemporality that distances itself from secularizing practices of timing and spacing, and, importantly, also from theological ones. His critique enables us to understand each of these practices as viewing heterotemporality through one master temporality, a view that represents temporality as, in Laroui's words, “absolute” time. First, this privileged temporality is the homogeneous time of secular progress, and second, it is the homogeneous time of theological truth. Laroui unsettles both practices of timing and spacing by discussing heterotemporality as governed by what he calls the antinomy of the concept of history. For Laroui, this antinomy refers to a specific temporal dynamic that results from the tension between the fundamental discontinuity and incoherence of history, on the one hand, and the production of continuity and coherence through human observers, on the other. Laroui thus reveals that the claims about continuity and coherence that sustain groundings of the political within homogeneous time—either secular or theological—must always be understood in relation to their position within the temporal dynamic of the antinomy of the concept of history. In revealing the temporal dynamic of this antinomy within the Islamic tradition, Laroui reworks the architecture of difference that keeps the secular modern and the Islamic theological conceptually separated from each other.
Expression of Th1/Th2 cell–related chemokine receptors on CD4+ lymphocytes under physiological conditions
Authors: Watanabe Satoru , Yamada Yoshiyuki , Murakami Hirokazu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionChemokine receptors (CRs) and the prostaglandin D2 receptor, CRTH2, have been used as surrogate markers for cytoplasmic Th1 and Th2 cytokines. The presence of regulatory T (Treg) and Th17 cells may affect the analysis of such surrogate markers, as they share several CRs with Th1 and Th2 cells. This study aimed to determine the optimal surrogate markers of Th1 and Th2 cells under physiological conditions.MethodsSurface and cytoplasmic markers of CD4+ peripheral lymphocytes were analyzed in healthy volunteers by flow cytometry. Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells were identified as IFN‐γ+, IL‐4+IL‐13+, IL‐17+, and CD25+FoxP3+CD4+ lymphocytes, respectively.ResultsThe percentages of CXCR3+ and CCR5+CD4+ lymphocytes clearly correlated with those of Th1 cells. The percentage of CRTH2+CD4+ lymphocytes showed the closest correlation with that of Th2 cells. The percentages of Th2 cells correlated with those of CCR3+ or CCR8+CD4+ lymphocytes, with the majority of CCR3+ and CCR8+ cells unlikely to be Th2 cells, themselves. The proportions of CCR4+ or CCR7+CD4+ lymphocytes did not correlate with those of Th2 cells, possibly due to their expression on the surface of Treg and Th17 cells. Th2‐related receptors were classified into three different groups for better understanding.ConclusionCXCR3 and CCR5 are useful markers of Th1 cells. With the exception of CCR4 and CCR7 expressed at measurable levels on Treg and Th17 cells, CRTH2 and CRs, CCR3, and CCR8 may be employed as surrogate markers of Th2 cells. The proposed surrogate markers may help physicians in interpreting the disease state.
Anonymous résumés: An effective preselection method?
Authors: Lacroux Alain , Martin‐Lacroux Christelle 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDuring the preselection process, recruiters use cues from résumés to form attributions about applicants’ suitability. They rely on visible characteristics (e.g., origin) that activate stereotypes that can lead to discriminatory decisions. The anonymization of application forms is a possible intervention to avert discrimination. The few studies on this topic led to inconsistent conclusions. The present study aims to extend previous findings by comparing decisions on anonymous and standard résumés that differ in quality. Recruiters (N = 1,031) assessed a series of application forms whose profile (Caucasian, Moroccan, overweight, normal stature) and résumé content (experience, spelling errors) differed. Results show that anonymous application forms are rated more severely than standard forms, and are effective in neutralizing discriminatory behaviors toward overweight applicants.
Clinical anisotropy: A case for shared decision making in the age of too much data and patient dis‐integration
Authors: Konstantinidis Menelaos , Lalla Emmanuel A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractToday, in the age of big data, we are more capable than ever before. But even having the world at our disposal with naught but the touch of a button, we find ourselves exceedingly vulnerable in the patient chair. With insurmountable amounts of knowledge being published and disseminated around the world, how can clinicians keep up and what can be done about it? And sitting in the patient chair, bewildered by the ever‐changing landscape of medicine at the blink of an eye, how can we, as patients, ever hope to be part of the conversations revolving around our own health? In this work, we explore the present‐day problems of big data in the clinical context, how failing to integrate patients can result in detrimental outcomes, and what shared decision making can do about it.
Training supervisors to support veterans at work: Effects on supervisor attitudes and employee sleep and stress
Authors: Hammer Leslie B. , Brady Jacquelyn M. , Perry MacKenna L. 
Published: December 2019

The present study evaluates the effectiveness of a supervisor support training programme on both supervisor attitudes and employee sleep and stress outcomes by drawing on a multi‐level rigorous randomized controlled trial in 35 organizations. Utilizing theory from the social support and training literatures, the purpose of the current study was to understand ways to improve the transition, and ultimately the health and well‐being, of military veteran employees in the workplace via a supervisor support training intervention. Drawing on a sample of 982 supervisors and a subsample of 189 matched supervisor–employee dyads, the current study demonstrated that supervisor support training led to improved supervisor attitudes towards veteran employees. Additionally, supervisors’ attitudes towards veteran employees at baseline significantly moderated the effects of the training on employee sleep and stress outcomes, suggesting that the training was more effective when supervisors started out with more positive attitudes towards veterans. These results demonstrate the importance of training supervisors to support employed veterans and employees more generally, and have implications for research, practice, and theory development.Practitioner points

The Veteran Supportive Supervisor Training (VSST) promotes more positive supervisor attitudes towards veteran employees.

When supervisor attitudes towards veteran employees are more positive, the supportive supervisor training improves sleep and stress outcomes for veteran employees.

The VSST effects suggest that the training has promise to be extended to other leadership support domains, such as supervisor support for health; to other types of vulnerable and underserved workers, such as those with disabilities; and to other employee well‐being outcomes, such as engagement and satisfaction at work and at home.
Towards a Psychology of the Food‐Energy‐Water Nexus: Costs and Opportunities
Authors: Dreyer Stacia J. , Kurz Tim , Prosser Annayah M.B. , Abrash Walton Abigail , Dennings Kelley , McNeill Ilona , Saber Deborah A. , Swim Janet K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractScholars, government scientific research institutions, and public policy‐making entities are increasingly focusing on environmental issues from a food‐energy‐water (FEW) nexus perspective. This nexus represents the interconnection of these three systems, which are essential to human life. The FEW nexus is inherently and inescapably interdisciplinary. However, to date, there have been relatively few academic contributions to understanding the nexus from the social sciences, particularly from psychology. In this article, we suggest an extended framing of the nexus (food‐energy‐water x human) to explicitly recognize how human actions in the form of both consumption practices and population size and distribution impact the FEW nexus. We outline important contributions that psychology researchers could make in FEW nexus focused research teams. In doing so, we acknowledge difficulties and potential risks for psychology researchers engaging in FEW nexus based research, but suggest that, while such difficulties can create barriers, they can also present opportunities for psychologists.
Encountering Each Other in Glasgow: Spaces of Intersecting Lives in Contemporary Scotland
Authors: Peterson Melike 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper uses the concept of intersectionality to think about the ways people negotiate diversity on a daily basis in Glasgow, Scotland. The paper draws on ethnographic fieldwork, in‐depth interviews and focus groups carried out in semi‐formal spaces such as public libraries, community‐centres and local cafes. Discussing the ways in which people speak about their experiences of encountering others across ethnicity, age, gender, religion, and class, the paper examines situations where different positionalities interconnect to produce mundane and fleeting moments of relation. Despite tensions, misunderstandings and moments of uneasiness, the paper finds that connections and relations are built. Set in the political context of contemporary Scotland, the paper argues that being together in diversity can be a decisive act that marks the everyday as political. It contends that an openness to and through these intersectional relations can counteract notions of crisis and emergency normatively constructed around issues of immigration and multiculturalism in Scotland.
Comparative genomics of six Juglans species reveals disease‐associated gene family contractions
Authors: Trouern‐Trend Alexander J. , Falk Taylor , Zaman Sumaira , Caballero Madison , Neale David B. , Langley Charles H. , Dandekar Abhaya M. , Stevens Kristian A. , Wegrzyn Jill L. 
Published: December 2019

SUMMARYJuglans (walnuts), the most speciose genus in the walnut family (Juglandaceae), represents most of the family's commercially valuable fruit and wood‐producing trees. It includes several species used as rootstock for their resistance to various abiotic and biotic stressors. We present the full structural and functional genome annotations of six Juglans species and one outgroup within Juglandaceae (Juglans regia, J. cathayensis, J. hindsii, J. microcarpa, J. nigra, J. sigillata and Pterocarya stenoptera) produced using BRAKER2 semi‐unsupervised gene prediction pipeline and additional tools. For each annotation, gene predictors were trained using 19 tissue‐specific J. regia transcriptomes aligned to the genomes. Additional functional evidence and filters were applied to multi‐exonic and mono‐exonic putative genes to yield between 27 000 and 44 000 high‐confidence gene models per species. Comparison of gene models to the BUSCO embryophyta dataset suggested that, on average, genome annotation completeness was 85.6%. We utilized these high‐quality annotations to assess gene family evolution within Juglans, and among Juglans and selected Eurosid species. We found notable contractions in several gene families in J. hindsii, including disease resistance‐related wall‐associated kinase (WAK), Catharanthus roseus receptor‐like kinase (CrRLK1L) and others involved in abiotic stress response. Finally, we confirmed an ancient whole‐genome duplication that took place in a common ancestor of Juglandaceae using site substitution comparative analysis.
Inhibition of glycogenolysis prolongs action potential repriming period and impairs muscle function in rat skeletal muscle
Authors: Jensen Rasmus , Nielsen Joachim , Ørtenblad Niels 
Published: December 2019

Key points
Muscle glycogen content is associated with muscle function, but the physiological link between the two is poorly understood.
This study investigated the effects of inhibiting glycogenolysis, while maintaining high overall energy status, on different aspects of muscle function.
We demonstrate here that Na+,K+‐ATPase activity depends on glycogenolytically derived ATP regardless of high global ATP, with a decrease in activity leading to reduced force production and accelerated fatigue development.
The results support the concept of compartmentalized energy transfer with glycogen metabolism playing a crucial role in intramuscular ATP resynthesis and ion regulation.
This study gives specific insights into muscular function and may help towards a better understanding of glycogen storage diseases and muscle fatigue.
AbstractSkeletal muscle glycogen content is associated with muscle function and fatigability. However, little is known about the physiological link between glycogen content and muscle function. Here we aimed to investigate the importance of glycogenolytically derived ATP per se on muscle force and action potential (AP) repriming period, i.e. the time before a second AP can be produced (indicative of Na+,K+‐ATPase activity). Single fibres from rat extensor digitorum longus muscles were isolated and mechanically skinned in order to investigate force production and the AP repriming period while global ATP and PCr concentrations were kept high. The importance of glycogenolytically derived ATP was studied by inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase (1,4‐dideoxy‐1,4‐imino‐d‐arabinitol (DAB; 2 mm) or CP‐316,819 (CP; 10 µm)) or glycogen removal (amyloglucosidase, 20 U ml−1). Tetanic force decreased by (mean (SD)) 21 (15)% (P < 0.001) and 76 (28)% (DAB) or 94 (6)% (CP, P < 0.001) in well‐polarized and partially depolarized fibres, respectively. In depolarized fibres, twitch force decreased by 16 (10)% and 55 (26)% with DAB and CP, respectively, with no effect in well‐polarized fibres (84 (10)%, P = 0.14). There was no effect of glycogen phosphorylase inhibition on repriming period in well‐polarized fibres (median (25th, 75th percentile): 5 (4, 5) vs. 4 (4, 5) ms, P = 0.26), while the repriming period was prolonged from 6 (5, 7) to 8 (7, 10) ms (P = 0.01) in partially depolarized fibres. In line with this, glycogen removal increased repriming period from 5 (5, 6) to 6 (5, 7) ms (P = 0.003) in depolarized fibres. Together, these data strongly indicate that blocking glycogenolysis attenuates Na+,K+‐ATPase activity, which in turn increases the repriming period and reduces force, demonstrating a functional link between glycogenolytically derived ATP and force production.
El glifosato alza el vuelo. Análisis retórico del discurso en la prensa nacional de Colombia (2018-2019)
Authors: Mejía Maryluz Vallejo , Agudelo - Londoño Sandra Milena 
Published: December 2019

Desde 1984, Colombia ha asperjado glifosato como principal estrategia para el control de cultivos ilícitos. En 2015 las fumigaciones se suspendieron debido a sus efectos nocivos sobre la salud humana y el ecosistema. Pero en 2018, con el anuncio de su retorno por parte del Gobierno, se produjo un intenso debate público que recogieron los medios de comunicación. Con el fin de identificar los artefactos retóricos más eficaces usados por simpatizantes y detractores de la medida se analizaron 167 piezas, el total de las publicadas en cuatro medios de prensa nacional entre junio de 2018 y julio de 2019. El debate, que osciló entre la necesidad de la aspersión para combatir el narcotráfico y el deber estatal de proteger los derechos humanos y ecosistémicos, cesó temporalmente con una confusa declaración de la Corte Constitucional, que avaló las aspersiones.
Mixed Magnetoconvection of Nanofluids in a Long Vertical Porous Channel
Authors: Borrelli Alessandra , Giantesio Giulia , Cristina Patria Maria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper aimed to study the flow of a nanofluid in a long vertical porous channel when an external uniform magnetic field is impressed. The Buongiorno two-phase model of nanofluid is supposed to be slightly compressible in order to assume the Oberbeck–Boussinesq approximation. The velocity, the induced magnetic field, the temperature, and the nanoparticle volume fraction are analytically obtained. Detailed considerations are drawn for the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon. Moreover, a selected set of plots illustrating the influence of various parameters involved in the problem is presented and discussed.
Design of Track-Type Climbing Robots Using Dry Adhesives and Compliant Suspension for Scalable Payloads
Authors: Demirjian Wesley , Powelson Matthew , Canfield Stephen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractClimbing robots offer advanced motion capabilities to perform inspection, manufacturing, or rescue tasks. Climbing requires the robot to generate adhering forces with the climbing surface. Dry adhesives present a category of adhesion that could be advantageous for climbing a variety of surfaces. Current literature shows climbing robots using dry adhesives typically exhibit minimal payloads and are considered useful for tasks involving lightweight sensors, such as surveillance. However, dry adhesives routinely demonstrate adhering pressures in the range of 20–50 kPa, suggesting that a small robot (3 × 30 cm footprint, for example) could theoretically have a significant payload (in the order of 18–45 kg). Existing designs demonstrate small payloads primarily because they fail to distribute the adhesion forces over the entire adhering region available to these robots. Further, existing design methods do not demonstrate scalability of payload-to-vehicle size but, in fact, indicate such robots are not scalable (Gorb et al., 2007, “Insects Did It First: A Micropatterned Adhesive Tape for Robotic Applications,” Bioinspir. Biomim., 2(4), pp. 117–125.). This paper presents a design procedure for track-type climbing robots that use dry adhesives to generate tractive forces and a passive suspension that distributes the climbing loads over the track in a preferred manner. This procedure simultaneously considers the behavior of both the adhesive material at the track-surface interface and the distribution of the adhesive forces over the full contact surface. The paper will demonstrate that dry-adhesive-based climbing robots can be designed to achieve high payloads and are scalable, thus enabling them to be used in applications previously thought to be impossible with dry adhesives.
Effectiveness of Mechanical Air Conditioning as a Protective Factor Against Indoor Exposure to Heat Among the Elderly
Authors: Baniassadi Amir , Sailor David J. , O’Lenick Cassandra R. , Wilhelmi Olga V. , Crank Peter J. , Chester Mikhail V. , Reddy Agami T. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In many US cities, indoor exposure to heat continues to be the underlying cause of a considerable fraction (up to 80% during extreme events) of heat-related mortality and morbidity, even in locations where most citizens have air conditioning (AC). Nevertheless, the existing literature on indoor exposure to heat often regards AC as a binary variable and assumes that its presence inevitably results in a safe thermal environment. This is also reflected in heat vulnerability assessments that assign a binary attribute to AC. In this study, we used thermal simulation of buildings to investigate overheating in residential buildings in three US cities (Houston, Phoenix, and Los Angeles) and focused on scenarios where an AC system is present; yet not fully functional. Moreover, we identified the role of key building characteristics and investigated the sensitivity of indoor environment to the ambient temperature. Our results show that energy poverty and/or faulty systems can expose a considerable fraction of AC-owning elderly in Phoenix and Houston to excess heat for more than 50% of summer. This highlights the need to reevaluate AC as the primary protective factor against heat and introduces several implications that need to be considered in heat vulnerability assessments.