bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Can Environmental Economists Learn from theCOVID‐19 Experience?
Authors: Pannell David J. , Adamowicz Wiktor L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe responses of policy makers, individuals, and businesses to COVID‐19 contrast with typical responses to environmental issues. In most countries, governments have been willing to act decisively to implement costly restrictions on work and personal life, to a degree that has never been observed for an environmental issue. A number of possible lessons for environmental economists are identified. In addition to valuing natural environments, people also place a high value on social interactions. These two values may interact. Adaptation can substantially reduce the cost of restrictive policies and should be considered when policy proposals are being evaluated. Preparation for an emergency can substantially reduce its costs by allowing a more rapid response. The development of new technologies can play a key role in reducing externalities. As well, the effectiveness of policies that deliver public goods can be enhanced by credible leaders who provide clear, compelling, and consistent information, emphasizing both the private and public benefits of compliance.
Conditional correlation and volatility between spot and futures markets for soybean and corn
Authors: Tonin Julyerme M. , Vieira Carlos M. R. , de Sousa Fragoso Rui M. , Martines Filho João G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the dynamics of volatility and conditional correlations between corn and soybean prices in the spot and futures markets. Faced with price and production risks, farmers must use all information available in their risk management process, both in their product's spot and futures markets, and in related products' markets, either domestic or foreign. Dynamic conditional correlation specifications with a bivariate GARCH model are employed, with data for Brazilian and U.S. markets in the period 2004–2017, during which several structural changes and extreme climate phenomena have occurred. We find the highest correlations between the corn and soybean spot markets, and evidence of spillovers in both products in the spot and futures markets. We also find that the financial crisis have significantly affected the relationship between the corn and soybean markets. We also find that in periods of increased conditional correlation between the soybean and corn markets, there is an increase in the optimal hedge ratio for risk management strategies involving corn futures contracts at B3 and Chicago Mercantile Exchange. [EconLit Citations: C32, G13, Q14].
Clinical impact of Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System (ESSQS) by Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery (JSES) for laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and low anterior resection based on the National Clinical Database (NCD) registry
Authors: Akagi Tomonori , Endo Hideki , Inomata Masafumi , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Mori Toshiyuki , Kojima Kazuyuki , Kuroyanagi Hiroya , Sakai Yoshiharu , Nakajima Kentaro , Shiroshita Hidefumi , Etoh Tsuyoshi , Saida Yoshihisa , Yamamoto Seiichiro , Hasegawa Hirotoshi , Ueno Hideki , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Miyata Hiroaki , Kitagawa Yuko , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to evaluate the association between surgeons certified via the Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System (ESSQS) of the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery (JSES) and surgical outcomes of laparoscopic distal gastrectomy (LDG) and laparoscopic low anterior resection (LLAR).MethodsJapanese National Clinical Database data on the patients undergoing LDG and LLAR between 2014‐2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The proportion of cases performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons was calculated for each procedure, and clinicopathological factors with or without participation of ESSQS‐certified surgeons as an operator were assessed. Then, effects of operations performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons on short‐term patient outcomes were analyzed using generalized estimating equations logistic regression analysis.ResultsThere were 110 610 and 65 717 patients who underwent LDG and LLAR, respectively. The operations performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons in each procedure totaled 28 467 (35.3%) and 12 866 (31.2%), respectively. A multivariable logistic regression model showed that odds ratios of mortality for LDG and LLAR performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons were 0.774 (95% CI, 0.566‐1.060, P = 0.108) and 0.977 (0.591‐1.301, P = 0.514), respectively. Odds ratios for secondary endpoints of anastomotic leakage in LDG and LLAR performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons were 0.835 (95% CI, 0.723‐0.964, P = 0.014) and 0.929 (0.860‐1.003, P = 0.059), respectively, whereas that of ileus/bowel obstruction for LLAR performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons was 1.265 (1.132‐1.415, P < 0.001). There were no significant associations between the two operations performed by ESSQS‐certified surgeons and other factors such as mortality and overall complications.ConclusionsESSQS certification did not affect postoperative mortality following LDG and LLAR, but annual experience of laparoscopic surgery was associated with it. ESSQS certification may contribute to favorable outcomes regarding anastomotic leakage following LDG and LLAR.
Bosley–Salih–Alorainy syndrome in patients from India
Authors: Patil Siddaramappa J. , Karthik Gadabanahalli Ashok , Bhavani Gandham SriLakshmi , Bhat Venkatraman , Matalia Jyoti , Shah Jhanvi , Shukla Anju , Girisha Katta Mohan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBi‐allelic HOXA1 pathogenic variants clinically manifest as two distinct syndromes, Bosley–Salih–Alorainy syndrome (BSAS) and Athabascan brainstem dysgenesis syndrome, mainly reported in two different populations from Saudi Arabia and southwest North America, respectively. Here we report two siblings of Indian origin with BSAS phenotype caused by a novel homozygous exon 2 HOXA1 pathogenic variants.
The peroxisomal disorder spectrum and Heimler syndrome: Deep phenotyping and review of the literature
Authors: Varela Malena Daich , Jani Priyam , Zein Wadih M. , D'Souza Precilla , Wolfe Lynne , Chisholm Jennifer , Zalewski Christopher , Adams David , Warner Blake M. , Huryn Laryssa A. , Hufnagel Robert B. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe spectrum of peroxisomal disorders is wide and comprises individuals that die in the first year of life, as well as people with sensorineural hearing loss, retinal dystrophy and amelogenesis imperfecta. In this article, we describe three patients; two diagnosed with Heimler syndrome and a third one with a mild‐intermediate phenotype. We arrived at these diagnoses by conducting complete ophthalmic (National Eye Institute), auditory (National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders), and dental (National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research) evaluations, as well as laboratory and genetic testing. Retinal degeneration with macular cystic changes, amelogenesis imperfecta, and sensorineural hearing loss were features shared by the three patients. Patients A and C had pathogenic variants inPEX1and Patient B, inPEX6. Besides analyzing these cases, we review the literature regarding mild peroxisomal disorders, their pathophysiology, genetics, differential diagnosis, diagnostic methods, and management. We suggest that peroxisomal disorders are considered in every child with sensorineural hearing loss and retinal degeneration. These patients should have a dental evaluation to rule out amelogenesis imperfecta as well as audiologic examination and laboratory testing including peroxisomal biomarkers and genetic testing. Appropriate diagnosis can lead to better genetic counseling and management of the associated comorbidities.
A comparison of axial trunk rotation during bipedal walking between humans and Japanese macaques
Authors: Kinoshita Yuki , Goto Ryosuke , Nakano Yoshihiko , Hirasaki Eishi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesHuman walking involves out‐of‐phase axial rotations of the thorax and pelvis. It has long been believed that this rotational capability is a distinctive feature of the genus Homo. However, Thompson et al. (2015) showed that chimpanzees also counter‐rotate their thorax relative to the pelvis during bipedal walking, which raised questions regarding the origins and development of this characteristic. In this study, we measured the axial rotation of the trunk during bipedal walking in humans and macaques to investigate if intra‐trunk axial rotations are observed in non‐hominoid primate species.Materials and methodsWe collected three‐dimensional trunk kinematic data during bipedal walking in six humans and five Japanese macaques. The human subjects walked on a treadmill, and the animal subjects walked on a 5‐m runway. During walking, the positions of cluster markers, which defined trunk segments, were recorded by multiple video cameras. Segmental xyz coordinates were digitized, and transverse rotations were calculated using motion analysis software.ResultsAlthough trunk rotations in the global coordinate system were greater in macaques than in humans, the intra‐trunk rotation and range of motion showed a similar pattern in the two species.ConclusionsThoracic rotation relative to the pelvis during bipedal walking is not unique to the hominid lineage but rather a characteristic generated by the mechanical requirements of bipedal walking. The fact that the range of motion of counter rotation is similar in these species infers that an optimal range of rotation exists for bipedal walking.
Multicolor Fluorescent Polymeric Hydrogels
Authors: Wei Shuxin , Li Zhao , Lu Wei , Liu Hao , Zhang Jiawei , Chen Tao , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMulticolor fluorescent polymeric hydrogels (MFPHs) are three‐dimensionally crosslinked hydrophilic polymer networks with tunable emission color. Different from the classic fluorescent materials that are used primarily in dry solid states or solutions, MFPHs exist as highly water‐swollen quasi‐solids. They thus present many promising properties of both solids and solution, including tissue‐like mechanical properties, an intrinsic soft and wet nature, fabulous biocompatibility, along with a responsive volume, shape, and fluorescence color change. These advantageous properties hold great potential in many applications such as sensing, bioimaging, information encoding, encryption, biomimetic actuators, and soft robotics. This Review gives an in‐depth overview of recent progress in the field of MFPHs, with a particular focus on the diverse construction methods and important demonstrated applications. Current challenges and future perspectives on MFPHs are also discussed.
Über die klassische Elektronenpaar‐ und die dative Bindung hinaus: Die Spin‐polarisierte Bindung
Authors: Salvador Pedro , Vos Eva , Corral Inés , Andrada Diego M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChemische Bindungen werden traditionell als Elektronenpaarbindung oder als Donor‐Akzeptor (Dative) Systeme beschrieben. Externe Kriterien, wie die Art des Dissoziationsprozesses, Energieverteilungsschemata oder quantenchemische Topologien werden angeführt, um die Bindungssituation zu beurteilen. Für Systeme mit ausgeprägtem Multireferenzcharakter hingegen ist diese binäre Kategorisierung möglicherweise nicht präzise genug, um die Bindungseigenschaften wiederzugeben. Mit einem dritten Szenario kann gerechnet werden:spinpolarisierte Bindungen. Um diese zu veranschaulichen, präsentieren wir den Fall des NaBH3−Clusters. Unserer Analyse zufolge zeigt NaBH3−einen starken Diradikalcharakter undkann weder als Elektronenpaarbindung, noch als dative Bindung klassifiziert werden. Wir führen die üblichen Probleme der weitverbreiteten Bindungsdarstellungen näher aus und stellen zusätzlich ein einfaches, auf der Bindungsordnung und lokalen Spin‐Indikatoren basierendes Modell zur Verfügung, das zwischen allen drei Bindungssituationen unterscheidet.
Interaction of α‐Synuclein with Phospholipids and the Associated Restructuring of Interfacial Lipid Water: An Interface‐Selective Vibrational Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Biswas Biswajit , Roy Subhadip , Mondal Jahur Alam , Singh Prashant Chandra 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInteraction of α‐Synuclein (αS) with biological lipids is crucial for the onset of its fibrillation at the cell membrane/water interface. Probed herein is the interaction of αS with membrane‐mimicking lipid monolayer/water interfaces. The results depict that αS interacts negligibly with zwitterionic lipids, but strongly affects the pristine air/water and charged lipid/water interfaces by perturbing the structure and orientation of the interfacial water. The net negative αS (−9 in bulk water; pH 7.4) reorients the water as hydrogen‐up (H‐up) at the air/water interface, and electrostatically interacts with positively charged lipids, making the interface nearly net neutral. αS also interacts with negatively charged lipids: the net H‐up orientation of the interfacial water decreases at the anionic lipid/water interface, revealing a domain‐specific interaction of net negative αS with the negatively charged lipids at the membrane surface.
On the comparative morphology of the juvenile avian skull: An assessment of squamosal shape across avian higher‐level taxa
Authors: Mayr Gerald , Manegold Albrecht 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe comparative morphology of juvenile avian skulls is poorly known. Here, we survey the shape of the squamosal (os squamosum) across juvenile skulls of avian higher‐level clades. In all palaeognathous birds, the rostral end of the squamosal does not surpass the parietal and does not reach the frontal. This morphology is likely to be plesiomorphic for neornithine birds. A short squamosal also occurs in some Neognathae, but in most neognathous birds the squamosal contacts the frontal, and in some taxa the bone is strongly elongated and distinctly surpasses the parietal. Some clades show a notable variation in squamosal morphology. This is, for example, true for Strigiformes, where the taxon Athene differs from the other examined owls in squamosal size, and for the Passeriformes, where Old World Suboscines are characterized by a distinctive squamosal morphology. A unique derived squamosal morphology is for the first time reported for the Apodidae and Hemiprocnidae, in which the bone forms a elongated rostral process that runs along most of the orbital rim. In non‐avian theropods, the squamosal articulates with the postorbital and delimits the upper temporal opening. Extant birds lack a postorbital, but a topological correlation between the squamosal and the postorbital process is maintained in most taxa of the Neognathae. The phylogenetic significance of squamosal morphology is diminished by the fact that closely related taxa often show very disparate shapes of the bone, and squamosal morphology appears to be determined by multiple functional constraints including skull geometry, brain morphology and, possibly, nostril type.
Comparison of extraction efficiency and selectivity between low‐temperature pressurized microwave‐assisted extraction and prolonged maceration
Authors: Masota Nelson E. , Vogg Gerd , Heller Eberhard , Holzgrabe Ulrike 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExtraction is a key step in studying compounds from plants and other natural sources. The common use of high temperatures in pressurized microwave‐assisted extraction (PMAE) makes it unsuitable for the extraction of compounds with low or unknown thermal stability. This study aimed at determining the suitability of low‐temperature, short‐time PMAE in attaining yields comparable to those of prolonged maceration at room temperature. Additionally, we explored the phytochemical differences of the extracts from both techniques. Maceration at room temperature for 24 hr and PMAE at 40–45°C and 10 bar for 30 min were carried out on 18 samples from 14 plant species at a solvent‐to‐feeds ratio of 10. The PMAE yields of 16 out of 18 samples were within the proportions of 91–139.2% as compared with the respective extracts from maceration. Varying numbers of nonmatching peaks were noted in MS chromatograms of five extract pairs, indicating selective extraction of some compounds. Low‐temperature PMAE can attain reasonable extraction efficiency with the added value of sparing compounds of low thermal stability. The method can also enable the recovery of compounds distinct from those obtained by maceration.
Biochemical features of dye‐decolorizing peroxidases: Current impact on lignin degradation
Authors: Catucci Gianluca , Valetti Francesca , Sadeghi Sheila J. , Gilardi Gianfranco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDye‐decolorizing peroxidases (DyP) were originally discovered in fungi for their ability to decolorize several different industrial dyes. DyPs catalyze the oxidation of a variety of substrates such as phenolic and nonphenolic aromatic compounds. Catalysis occurs in the active site or on the surface of the enzyme depending on the size of the substrate and on the existence of radical transfer pathways available in the enzyme. DyPs show the typical features of heme‐containing enzymes with a Soret peak at 404–408 nm. They bind hydrogen peroxide that leads to the formation of the so‐called Compound I, the key intermediate for catalysis. This then decays into Compound II yielding back Fe(III) at its resting state. Each catalytic cycle uses two electrons from suitable electron donors and generates two product molecules.DyPs are classified as a separate class of peroxidases. As all peroxidases they encompass a conserved histidine that acts as the fifth heme ligand, however all primary DyP sequences contain a conserved GxxDG motif and a distal arginine that is their characteristic. Given their ability to attack monomeric and dimeric lignin model compounds as well as polymeric lignocellulose, DyPs are a promising class of biocatalysts for lignin degradation that not only represents a source of valuable fine chemicals, but it also constitutes a fundamental step in biofuels production. Research efforts are envisioned for the improvement of the activity of DyPs against lignin, through directed evolution, ration protein design, or one‐pot combination with other enzymes to reach satisfactory conversion levels for industrial applications.
Activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs based on deep learning
Authors: Wang Wenle , Chen Jinquan , Zhu Yujie , Feng Feng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe results of the traditional prediction method for the activity of aminoquinoline drugs are inaccurate, so the prediction method for the activity of aminoquinoline drugs based on the deep learning is designed. The molecular holographic distance vector method was used to describe the molecular structure of 40 aminoquinoline compounds, and the principal component regression method was used for modeling and quantitative analysis. Two methods were used to predict the activity of aminoquinoline drugs. The correlation coefficients of the results obtained from the two sets of activity data and the cross test were 0.9438 and 0.9737, and 0.8305 and 0.9098, respectively. Our data suggested that method for the activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs based on deep learning studied in this paper can better predict the activity of aminoquinoline drugs and provide a strong basis for the activity prediction of aminoquinoline drugs.
Zapfenverbindungen im Holzbau – bruchmechanische Analyse und Vorschlag eines Berechnungsmodells
Authors: Claus Timo , Seim Werner 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFormschlüssige Holz‐Holz‐Verbindungen haben aufgrund der einfachen Herstellung und Montage eine lange Tradition und gleichzeitig ein großes Potenzial im modernen Holzbau. In den vergangenen Jahren wurde u. a. die Zapfenverbindung sukzessive an die CNC‐Produktionstechniken angepasst und weiterentwickelt. Mit schwalbenschwanzförmigen Zapfen wurden so die Montageabläufe und bei der gereihten Zapfenverbindung die Tragfähigkeit entscheidend verbessert. Experimentelle Untersuchungen zeigten, dass bei allen auf der Zapfenverbindung basierenden Verbindungstypen das Versagen von der Rissentwicklung am Zapfen eingeleitet wird. Hohe Querzug‐ und Schubspannungen in der Rissebene führen dann, wie bei ausgeklinkten Trägerauflagern, zum Versagen des Bauteils. In dem folgenden Beitrag wird eine Bemessung von Zapfenverbindungen mit Bezug zu dem Konzept vorgeschlagen, welches der Eurocode 5 für die Ausklinkung bereithält. Dies basiert auf der bruchmechanischen Auswertung des Rissprozesses und wird dann zu einem Nachweis mit Bezug auf die Schubfestigkeit umformuliert. Das entwickelte Modell zeigt sehr gute Übereinstimmung mit experimentellen Ergebnissen. Durch die Analyse der Ergebnisse aus experimentellen Untersuchungen an Zapfenverbindungen konnte eine Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse der aufgestellten Bemessungsgleichung durchgeführt werden. Das vorgeschlagene Bemessungskonzept für den Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit ist als Erweiterung der Bemessung für ausgeklinkte Trägerauflager konzipiert und auf unterschiedliche Zapfenverbindungen anwendbar.
The effect of ASA, ticagrelor, and heparin in ST‐segment myocardial infarction patients with prolonged transport times to primary percutaneous intervention
Authors: d'Entremont Marc‐André , Laferrière Chloë , Bérubé Simon , Couture Étienne L , Lepage Serge , Huynh Thao , Verreault‐Julien Louis , Karzon Anthony , Desgagnés Noémie , Nguyen Michel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effects of early upstream antithrombotic therapy administration (ATTA) in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with prolonged transport times to primary percutaneous intervention (PPCI) on major clinical outcomes.BackgroundIt remains unclear whether early upstream administration of aspirin, ticagrelor, and unfractionated heparin (UFH) confers additional benefits compared with in‐hospital administration.MethodsBetween 2015 and 2018, we performed PPCI in 709 included consecutive STEMI patients. We compared 482 STEMI patients who received aspirin, ticagrelor, and UFH loading in a non‐PCI capable spoke hospital before transfer (NPHT) versus 227 prehospital triage setting (PTS) STEMI patients who received in‐ambulance aspirin, followed by ticagrelor and UFH in the hub catheterization laboratory. The primary outcome was the presence of a pre‐PPCI TIMI flow 2–3 in the infarct related artery (IRA). The secondary outcomes included definite acute stent thrombosis and hemorrhagic complications.ResultsThe median times from ticagrelor and heparin administration to angiography in the NPHT group and the PTS group were 80.5 min (Interquartile Range (IQR) 68.5–94) and 10 min (IQR 5–15) respectively (p < .0001). Using inverse probability of treatment weighting to minimize heterogeneity between groups, we showed significant differences for the primary outcome (44.6 versus 18.5%, p < .0001) and for definite acute stent thrombosis (0.6 versus 2.6%, p = .03), with no difference in the combined in‐hospital BARC 2–5 bleeding events (1.9 versus 3.5%, p = .18) in the NPHT versus the PTS group, respectively.ConclusionIn this single‐center retrospective cohort study, after adjusting for baseline covariates, early upstream ATTA with aspirin, ticagrelor, and UFH was associated with greater pre‐PPCI TIMI flow and less definite acute stent thrombosis in STEMI patients, without increased bleeding risk.