bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SMT assembly effects on organic substrate lifetime reduction
Authors: Huh Seok-Hwan 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is that the effects of surface mount technology (SMT) assembly process on the product lifetime of fine-pitch printed circuit boards (PCBs) were investigated under biased highly accelerated stress testing (HAST).

Design/methodology/approach
SMT assembly from a semiconductor SMT assembly process was replicated to test PCBs under the same conditions as SMT-assembled PCBs. The median lives µ and standard deviation s of the test PCBs were calculated from the log-normal distribution. The failure analysis of current leakages was conducted by the focused ion beam, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Using the inverse power law and modified Peck-H’s relationship, the PCB lives at accelerated (by SMT assembly stress) and user conditions were calculated.

Findings
The failure analysis demonstrated that SiO2 and BaSO4 fillers added for stiffening organic materials promote current leakage failure. Therefore, the hydrophobicity of these fillers is believed to be necessary to suppress the current leakage failure under biased HAST. The inverse power law model indicates that the acceleration life model with SMT assembly stress can be given as follows: L(V) = 271.9(S)−0.5031. From modified Peck-H’s relationship, after the third SMT assembly, the time required to attain 0.96 per cent failures at 35°C/60 per cent RH/1.9 V and 130°C/85 per cent RH/3.5 V are 129 y and 69.5 h, respectively. The biased HAST at 130°C/85 per cent/3.5 V after the third SMT assembly for 69.5 h on 238 samples could be recommended as an early quality-monitoring procedure.

Research limitations/implications
In the future, the failure modes in an early stage of a bathtub should be analyzed and the life prediction model should be studied accordingly.

Originality/value
Through this study, the lifetime prediction model and early quality-monitoring procedure for organic substrates because of SMT assembly stress were obtained.
A framework for Crosby’s quality principles using ISM and MICMAC approaches
Authors: Agrawal Nishant 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine Philip B. Crosby’s 14 quality principles and analyze the interaction between them. Hitherto no research has been published on the implementation of total quality management (TQM) using Crosby’s 14 principles. To fill this gap, interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and Matrix Impact Cross-Reference Multiplication Applied to a Classification (MICMAC) analysis have been designed to prioritize, sequence and categorize variables to find both the dependence and driving power of these variables.

Design/methodology/approach
At the initial stage experts from industry as well as from academia were contacted to provide an input for ISM methodology and examine interactions between identified variables. In this approach, interpretations of the interrelationships among variables have been discussed, whereas MICMAC analysis is used to discover dependence and driving power.

Findings
The results of the investigation revealed that “Management Commitment,” “Quality Improvement Team,” “Quality Awareness,” “Supervisor Training,” “Goal Setting” and “Cost of Quality Evaluation” are strategic requirements; “Corrective Action,” “Zero Defects Day” and “Error Cause Removal” are tactical requirements. “Recognition,” “Quality Measurement,” “Quality Councils” and “Do It Over Again” are operational requirements for TQM applications.

Originality/value
ISM is used as a part of this research to provide valuable insights into interrelationships among Crosby’s quality principles through a systematic framework. The research opens up a new focus area on the implementation of TQM for services as well as for the manufacturing industry.
Downregulation of circular RNA circPVT1 restricts cell growth of hepatocellular carcinoma through downregulation of Sirtuin 7 via microRNA‐3666
Authors: Li Yong , Shi Haitao , Yuan Jia , Qiao Lu , Dong Lei , Wang Yan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified recently as pivotal regulators in the development and progression of cancers, generally by acting as competing endogenous RNAs of microRNAs (miRNAs) to regulate gene expression. The dysregulation of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has attracted much attention, but the precise role of circRNAs in HCC remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role of circular RNA PVT1 (circPVT1), a newly identified cancer‐related circRNA, in HCC. Herein, we found that circPVT1 expression was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of circPVT1 significantly reduced the growth and colony formation, and increased cell apoptosis, of HCC cells. Our results further identified circPVT1 as a sponge for miR‐3666. Knockdown of circPVT1 significantly increased miR‐3666 expression in HCC cells. Moreover, miR‐3666 expression was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues and was inversely correlated with circPVT1 expression. In addition, the overexpression of miR‐3666 inhibited the growth of HCC cells by targeting Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7). Notably, miR‐3666 inhibition or SIRT7 overexpression partially reversed the circPVT1 knockdown‐mediated inhibitory effect on HCC cell growth. Overall, these results demonstrate that downregulation of circPVT1 represses HCC cell growth by upregulating miR‐3666 to inhibit SIRT7, suggesting circPVT1 as a potential therapeutic target for HCC. Our study highlights the involvement of circPVT1/miR‐3666/SIRT7 in regulating HCC cell growth.
Synthesis, physicochemical properties, and health aspects of structured lipids: A review
Authors: Guo Yalong , Cai Zhixiang , Xie Yanping , Ma Aiqin , Zhang Hongbin , Rao Pingfan , Wang Qiang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStructured lipids (SLs) refer to a new type of functional lipids obtained by chemically, enzymatically, or genetically modifying the composition and/or distribution of fatty acids in the glycerol backbone. Due to the unique physicochemical characteristics and health benefits of SLs (for example, calorie reduction, immune function improvement, and reduction in serum triacylglycerols), there is increasing interest in the research and application of novel SLs in the food industry. The chemical structures and molecular architectures of SLs define mainly their physicochemical properties and nutritional values, which are also affected by the processing conditions. In this regard, this holistic review provides coverage of the latest developments and applications of SLs in terms of synthesis strategies, physicochemical properties, health aspects, and potential food applications. Enzymatic synthesis of SLs particularly with immobilized lipases is presented with a short introduction to the genetic engineering approach. Some physical features such as solid fat content, crystallization and melting behavior, rheology and interfacial properties, as well as oxidative stability are discussed as influenced by chemical structures and processing conditions. Health‐related considerations of SLs including their metabolic characteristics, biopolymer‐based lipid digestion modulation, and oleogelation of liquid oils are also explored. Finally, potential food applications of SLs are shortly introduced. Major challenges and future trends in the industrial production of SLs, physicochemical properties, and digestion behavior of SLs in complex food systems, as well as further exploration of SL‐based oleogels and their food application are also discussed.
Microglia imaging in methamphetamine use disorder: a positron emission tomography study with the 18 kDa translocator protein radioligand [F‐18]FEPPA
Authors: Rathitharan Gausiha , Truong Jennifer , Tong Junchao , McCluskey Tina , Meyer Jeffrey H. , Mizrahi Romina , Warsh Jerry , Rusjan Pablo , Kennedy James L. , Houle Sylvain , Kish Stephen J. , Boileau Isabelle 
Published: February 2020

AbstractActivation of brain microglial cells, microgliosis, has been linked to methamphetamine (MA)–seeking behavior, suggesting that microglia could be a new therapeutic target for MA use disorder. Animal data show marked brain microglial activation following acute high‐dose MA, but microglial status in human MA users is uncertain, with one positron emission tomography (PET) investigation reporting massively and globally increased translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO; [C‐11](R)‐PK11195) binding, a biomarker for microgliosis, in MA users. Our aim was to measure binding of a second‐generation TSPO radioligand, [F‐18]FEPPA, in brain of human chronic MA users. Regional total volume of distribution (VT) of [F‐18]FEPPA was estimated with a two‐tissue compartment model with arterial plasma input function for 10 regions of interest in 11 actively using MA users and 26 controls. A RM‐ANOVA corrected for TSPO rs6971 polymorphism was employed to test significance. There was no main effect of group on [F‐18]FEPPA VT (P = .81). No significant correlations between [F‐18]FEPPA VT and MA use duration, weekly dosage, blood MA concentrations, regional brain volumes, and self‐reported craving were observed. Our preliminary findings, consistent with our earlier postmortem data, do not suggest substantial brain microgliosis in MA use disorder but do not rule out microglia as a therapeutic target in MA addiction. Absence of increased [F‐18]FEPPA TSPO binding might be related to insufficient MA dose or blunting of microglial response following repeated MA exposure, as suggested by some animal data.
The Free Trade Philosophy of Sir George Paish
Authors: Ulrich Jennifer Bolan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSir George Paish (1867–1957) was a British economist whose unique position as a journalist, political advisor, and international traveler gave him access to significant world events and leaders. Paish wrote for and edited the financial magazine The Statist and earned recognition as an expert on British and American railways. He lectured and wrote on economics and international finance throughout his adult life and advised David Lloyd George on economic subjects between 1909–1915. Paish's written works provide insight to early 20th‐century economic affairs through the lens of his liberal, free trade philosophy. This article examines many of Paish's most relevant reflections on free trade, following the chronology of his life.
Free Trade Agreements Between Peru, Colombia, and the United States
Authors: Lombana Monica P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article evaluates the process of negotiating and implementing the U.S.‐Peru and U.S.‐Colombia free trade agreements (FTAs) and analyzes the impact of these agreements on foreign direct investment (FDI) and export diversification in Peru and Colombia. The main finding is that institutional elements in each country uniquely impacted the process of negotiation, implementation, and the outcomes of these FTAs. Colombia benefited from the initial advantage of better institutional capacity and negotiating expertise, while Peru benefited from stronger political leadership and commitment to a bilateral trade agreement with the United States. Both Peru and Colombia have benefited from structured consultation mechanisms with the private sector and non‐government agents, continuity in trade policies throughout different political administrations, and strong political commitment to develop the institutional capacity needed to take full advantage of these FTAs. Furthermore, the implementation of these FTAs has coincided with an expansion of non‐traditional exports from Peru and Colombia, and an increase in FDI into sectors other than commodities such as oil, natural gas, and minerals.
The African Continental Free Trade Area
Authors: Obeng‐Odoom Franklin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMonopolies continue to dominate world trade by controlling global production and distribution chains. Neither free trade nor fair trade has transformed this system; the recent rise in nativism and pseudo‐protectionism has not, and cannot, address these problems either. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), the largest free trade area in the world, promises to be different. AfCFTA rejects classical, neoclassical, and Marxist theories of trade, appealing, instead, to non‐aligned pan‐Africanism. It advocates continental free trade as a way to overcome the lingering effects of slavery, colonialism, and neocolonialism. However, its exclusive focus on continental Africa, its disinterest in systemic redistribution, and encouragement of the private appropriation of socially created land rents prevents AfCFTA from achieving its goals. In fact, AfCFTA might actually foster inequality—progress alongside of poverty—and in so doing, undermine the very essence of this trade regime. What Henry George (1886) called “true free trade,” a theory based on making land common by socializing land rent, offers a more promising and powerful model through which to achieve the pan‐African agenda. Indeed, only true free trade can definitively decolonize global trade.
Using Geographic Density of Firms to Identify the Effect of Board Size on Firm Value and Corporate Policies
Authors: Chintrakarn Pandej , Tong Shenghui , Jiraporn Pornsit , Kim Young Sang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPrior research shows that firms tend to recruit directors from the geographically proximate area. Due to a limited supply of qualified individuals in a given area, firms located in close proximity have to share a limited pool of talented individuals. As a result, the more firms there are in the same area, the fewer directors each firm in the area is able to obtain on average. We exploit the variation in the numbers of firms across zip codes and estimate the effects of board size on various corporate outcomes: accounting profitability, leverage, dividend payouts, and merger and acquisitions.
Memories of an Imperial City: Race, Gender, and Birmingham, Alabama
Authors: Meché Brittany 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSeptember 15, 2013, marked the 50thanniversary of the 16thStreet Baptist Church bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, USA. The bombing remains one of the most infamous events in the history of white supremacist violence in the United States. While conventional accounts of the event and its aftermath often consider the legal restructuring of the US state following the passage of subsequent Civil Rights legislation, little has been written about the transnational significance of Birmingham in shaping the character of US power abroad. This article argues that memorialisation and cultural architecture of Birmingham represent a significant crucible forging a particular style of liberal empire. Tracing a cultural genealogy of Birmingham through the writings of former Secretary of State and National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice and famed scholar‐activist Angela Davis, I demonstrate how Birmingham, as a site of historic black struggle, has been remembered alongside the place‐making of empire.
Perennial plant patches are sinks for seeds in semi‐arid woodlands in varying condition
Authors: Val James , Travers Samantha K. , Oliver Ian , Eldridge David J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractQuestionsUnderstanding the processes that influence resilience in semi‐arid woodland communities is of critical importance in landscapes where livestock grazing is the dominant land use and an important driver of site condition. Seed banks are a critical component of site resilience as their persistence can be crucial for recovering from disturbances. We predicted that site condition and landscape structural elements (perennial plant patches) would strongly influence the richness and density of the soil seed bank.LocationNew South Wales, Australia.MethodsWe conducted a seedling emergence study to investigate the germinable seed bank in semi‐arid woodland. Soil samples were collected from three woodland communities (Cypress pine, Black box, Red gum) from sites in three levels of site condition (poor, average, good) and from four patch types (tree, shrub, grass, open). Seed bank species were assigned to three plant trait groups based on: (a) origin; (b) lifespan; and (c) palatability. We used linear models to assess the effects of community, site condition and patch type on the richness and seed density of the germinable seed bank.ResultsSite condition did not affect the seed bank density or richness, except for a lower density of highly palatable species at poor‐condition sites. Across all communities the importance of patch type on the soil seed bank density and richness varied with plant traits. The seed bank of perennial plant patches had a greater density of perennial species, a lower density of low palatability plants, and a greater richness of native and perennial species than interspaces.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that the germinable soil seed bank in semi‐arid woodlands can be relatively resilient to degradation. This suggests that disturbed sites where perennial patches remain, may still have the ability to recover, because these patches act as important seed reservoirs.
Barriers and facilitators to obesity prevention dissemination and implementation efforts in the childcare centre setting from the provider perspective
Authors: Lebron Cynthia N. , Ofori Ashley , Sardinas Krystal , Luaces Maria , Natale Ruby , Messiah Sarah E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt has been established that the childcare centre (CCC) is a setting suitable for healthy weight promotion efforts. As the field advances, it is important to understand the barriers and facilitators to early childhood obesity prevention implementation and dissemination efforts from the CCC providers' perspective. This is especially true among those who serve low‐income and diverse populations to maximize scalability success.MethodsFocus groups were held in English or Spanish with CCC providers across six CCCs who implemented healthy caregivers–healthy children (HC2), an early childhood healthy weight promotion programme targeting 2‐ to 5‐year‐olds from low‐resource backgrounds. Centres represented both rural and urban environments. Focus groups were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded. A thematic analysis that combined a deductive and inductive approach was conducted. Codes were analysed using Dedoose to identify general themes and subthemes.ResultsCCC providers stated that (a) children understood the nutritional benefits of healthy foods; (b) improved cognitive development as a result of HC2; (c) parents were barriers to HC2 implementation efforts, particularly in terms of cooperative healthy lifestyle efforts; and (d) modelling healthy eating and making healthy CCC environmental changes facilitated HC2 implementation. Overall, HC2 was well received by CCC teachers, and they shared creative classroom HC2 adaptions and improvements.ConclusionsCCC providers can provide valuable insight to guide early childhood healthy weight promotion programme dissemination and implementation efforts. Although they value the implementation of HC2 programme in their classroom settings, they perceive parents as somewhat obstructive. This information is critical to informing future healthy weight promotion efforts in this setting, especially among low‐resource families. It is important to continue to include the CCC provider viewpoint in future obesity prevention efforts to maximize scalability and sustainability efforts.
Bypass and hyperbole in soil research: Worrisome practices critically reviewed through examples
Authors: Baveye Philippe C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlmost 30 years ago, a distinguished soil physical‐chemist, Grant W. Thomas, voiced serious concern about what he saw in the soil science literature as more a preoccupation with style than with substance. The present article argues that, similarly, there are reasons to be worried at the moment because of a tendency in much of the literature on soils, both within and outwith soil science, to systematically ignore certain bodies of “old” literature, even when they are extremely relevant, and also to unduly inflate the potential significance of research achievements. These two practices, referred to as “bypass” and “hyperbole”, are illustrated by several examples dealing, respectively, with soil “aggregates”, soil quality/health, soil “contributions to ecosystem services” and whole‐soil metagenomics, in the case of bypass, and with biochar, the “4 per 1000” initiative, and the role of soils in achieving Sustainable Development Goals, in the case of hyperbole. It is hoped that the present review article will lead to a healthy debate on where our discipline stands at the moment in terms of how we build on the achievements of our predecessors and how accurately we describe the significance of our work. This debate should allow soil science to evolve to meet the daunting challenges it faces in the years ahead.HighlightsThe literature on soils seems characterized by a significant amount of bypass and hyperboleBypass is described, related to soil “aggregates”, soil quality/health, soil “contributions to ecosystem services” and whole‐soil metagenomicsHyperbole is described in connection with the research on biochar, the “4 per 1000” initiative, and the role of soils in achieving Sustainable Development Goals.The need to curb these deviances is stressed.
The potential role of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) single‐tablet regimen in the expanding spectrum of fixed‐dose combination therapy for HIV
Authors: Stellbrink H‐J , Lazzarin A , Woolley I , Llibre JM 
Published: February 2020

Single‐tablet regimens (STRs) of highly safe and effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) have had a significant beneficial impact on the clinical outcomes and lives of people living with HIV (PLHIV). As a consequence, healthcare professionals caring for PLHIV in high‐income countries have increasingly focused on issues beyond those related to HIV itself, i.e. HIV‐related neurological disease, or associated opportunistic infections, which include co‐infections, and primarily age‐ and lifestyle‐related comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, renal impairment, osteoporosis and frailty. This review considers drug side effects and comorbidities seen in PLHIV and evaluates the role of a recently licensed STR – bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) – in mitigating some of those challenges. Factors that need to be evaluated for initial cART regimens include: pretreatment CD4 cell count; plasma HIV RNA; HIV drug resistance; hepatitis B co‐infection; HLA‐B*5701 status; drug‐drug interactions; pregnancy and pregnancy potential; psychiatric and physical comorbidities such as renal or bone disease, as well as simplicity and adherence‐friendliness, all of which need to be considered in all lines of therapy. BIC/FTC/TAF constitutes a new STR that includes an unboosted integrase strand transfer inhibitor with a high barrier against resistance with TAF and FTC. Its virological efficacy was non‐inferior to dolutegravir‐based regimens previously recommended by most guidelines for treatment initiation in large double‐blind, randomised clinical trials in treatment‐naïve or switch patients over 96 weeks. Tolerability and pharmacological properties of the regimen make it a useful tool to address several of the clinical management issues raised above.