bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining ultrasound‐assisted extraction and vortex‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction for the sensitive assessment of aflatoxins in aquaculture fish species
Authors: Jayasinghe G. D. Thilini Madurangika , Domínguez‐González Raquel , Bermejo‐Barrera Pilar , Moreda‐Piñeiro Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAlthough aflatoxins contamination in feedstuff is a well‐known problem, and hence these residues are controlled in poultry products, there is scarce information regarding the presence of these toxic substances in aquaculture fish, facilities that use several feedstuff for fish breeding. A simple, rapid, and sensitive method has been therefore developed for aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, and G2) assessment in aquaculture products by combining ultrasound probe‐assisted extraction and vortex‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction as a sample pretreatment, and high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry as a separation/detection system. Aflatoxins were extracted from fish flesh/liver with a 60:40 acetonitrile/aqueous phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) mixture before preconcentration and clean‐up by vortex‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction under the following optimized conditions: 5.0 mL of fish extract at pH 7.0 and NaCl at 0.5% (w/v), 400 μL of chloroform as extracting solvent, and vortex shaking at 2000 rpm for 1 min. The proposed method is shown to be precise and accurate, and the limit of quantitations (from 0.20 to 1.10 μg kg−1) were lower than the value established by the European Commission Regulation for aflatoxins in foodstuff. Results have shown that fish flesh is free of aflatoxins, but aflatoxins B2 and G1 were quantified in fish liver.
Evaluation of the Stability of Fatty Acids in Erythrocytes from Human Umbilical Cord
Authors: Jaramillo Angela M. , Garmendia María L. , Muñoz Patricio , Corbari Alicia , Valenzuela Rodrigo , Casanello Paola 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe interest in the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the umbilical cord blood (UCB) is increasing, but the stability of erythrocyte PUFA in these samples during storage and washing of the erythrocytes has not been directly evaluated. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the lapse of time on the fatty acid (FA) content from UCB sample collection and maintained at 4 °C (0–12 h) until erythrocyte separation and washing. Palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), 18:1n‐7/n‐9, linoleic acid (18:2n‐6), arachidonic acid (20:4n‐6), 22:4n‐6, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3), docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n‐3), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3) together accounted for 87% of the FA profile in the umbilical vein erythrocytes. No difference was observed in the concentration of any of the FA studied, nor in the sum of saturated fatty acids (SFA), PUFA, or LC‐PUFA in umbilical erythrocytes obtained at delivery and stored up to 12 h before the separation of erythrocytes. However, if a washing step was included in the processing of the erythrocytes, a decrease in the concentration of 16:0, 18:0, 18:3n‐3, 20:4n‐6, 22:4n‐6, total SFA, PUFA, LC‐PUFA, and n‐6 LC‐PUFA was evidenced, compared to unwashed erythrocytes. The FA concentration in umbilical cord erythrocytes did not change between samples stored from 0 to 12 h until erythrocyte separation. Erythrocyte washing before storage decreased the concentration of significant individual and total SFA, PUFA, and LC‐PUFA. These results should be considered when planning the collection of UCB samples for the study of fatty acid concentration due to the nonscheduled timing of deliveries.
Spectral multipliers for functions of fixed K‐type on Lp(SL(2,R))
Authors: Ricci Fulvio , Wróbel Błażej 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe prove an spectral multiplier theorem for functions of the K‐invariant sublaplacian L acting on the space of functions of fixed K‐type on the group . As an application we compute the joint spectrum of L and the derivative along K.
Treatable Inherited Movement Disorders in Children: Spotlight on Clinical and Biochemical Features
Authors: Galosi Serena , Nardecchia Francesca , Leuzzi Vincenzo 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundAbout 80% of monogenic metabolic diseases causing movement disorders (MDs) emerges during the first 2 decades of life, and a number of these conditions offers the opportunity of a disease‐modifying treatment. The implementation of enlarged neonatal screening programs and the impressive rapid increase of the identification of new conditions are enhancing our potential to recognize and treat several diseases causing MDs, changing their outcome and phenotypic spectrum.Methods and FindingsA literature review of monogenic disorders causing MDs amenable to treatment was conducted focusing on early clinical signs and diagnostic biomarkers. A classification in 3 broad categories based on the therapeutic approach has been proposed. Some disorders result in irreversible neurotoxic lesions that can only be prevented if treated in a presymptomatic stage, and others present with a progressive neurological impairment that a timely diagnosis and treatment may reverse or improve. Some MDs are the result of the failure of intracellular energy supply or altered glucose transport. The treatment in these conditions includes vitamins or a metabolic shift from a carbohydrate to a fatty acid catabolism, respectively. Finally, a group of highly treatable MDs are the result of defects of neurotransmitter metabolism. In these disorders, the supplementation of precursors or mimetics of neurotransmitters can deeply change the disease natural history.ConclusionsTo prevent serious and irreversible neurological impairment, the diagnostic work‐up of MDs in children should consider a number of clinical red flags and biomarkers denoting specifically treatable diseases.
Patient experience of communication consistency amongst staff is related to nurse–physician teamwork in hospitals
Authors: von Knorring Mia , Griffiths Peter , Ball Jane , Runesdotter Sara , Lindqvist Rikard 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate whether nurse reported teamwork with physicians was associated with patient perceived consistency in staff‐to‐patient communication.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design was used, drawing on data collected from two surveys in England.MethodsTeamwork was assessed using data from the RN4CAST survey of 2,990 nurses in 31 Trusts in England. Data on patient experience derived from the National Health Services Adult Inpatient Questionnaire, including 12,506 patients in the same Trusts. A cross‐sectional design with multivariate logistic regression was used.ResultsEach 5% increase in the proportion of nurses who agree that there “is a lot of teamwork between nurses and physicians” was associated with 7% lower odds that patients reported inconsistency in communication amongst staff. The results suggest that patients seem to experience the consequences of less teamwork between nurses and physicians through their own perceptions of inconsistency in communication between staff. The findings emphasize good teamwork between doctors and nurses are not only important for the team, but also can have consequences for patients. It provides additional incentive to find mechanisms to breakdown disciplinary barriers and improve the cohesion of clinical teams for the benefit of their patients.
Pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis in an 8‐year old treated for neuroblastoma
Authors: Gerstle Karyn , Tanager Kevin , Hegde Satyanarayan , Chung Jonathan H. , Husain Aliya N. , Applebaum Mark A. , Dyamenahalli Umesh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE), which is primarily diagnosed in adults, is a progressive lung pathology associated with significant morbidity and mortality. PPFE is characterized by pleural and subpleural parenchymal disease causing dyspnea, cough, and recurrent pneumothoraces. PPFE can be precipitated by autoimmune disorders, recurrent respiratory infections, chemotherapy, and transplant. We describe the youngest recorded patient to develop PPFE, whose symptoms began several years after treatment for neuroblastoma. Her symptoms were initially mistaken for worsening asthma, and multiple comorbidities developed during the prolonged time to recognition of PPFE and she progressed to fatal lung disease before potentially curative lung transplantation could occur.
Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes prior to early preterm delivery elevates the risk of later respiratory‐related hospitalizations in the offspring
Authors: Imterat Majdi , Wainstock Tamar , Sheiner Eyal , Landau Daniella , Yaretski Anne‐Sarah , Walfisch Asnat 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivePreterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) precedes 30%‐40% of all preterm births. Early preterm delivery (<34 gestation weeks) is a well‐established risk factor for short‐ and long‐term respiratory morbidity in the offspring. We aimed to ascertain whether the presence of PPROM, before early preterm delivery, independently impacts long‐term respiratory hospitalizations in the offspring.Study DesignA population‐based retrospective cohort analysis was performed including all singleton early preterm deliveries. Exposure was defined as the presence of PPROM. Hospitalizations of the offspring up to the age of 18 years involving respiratory‐related morbidity were evaluated. A Kaplan‐Meier survival curve and multivariable Cox regression model were used to assess the association.ResultsDuring the study period, 3309 early preterm deliveries met the inclusion criteria. In 22.4% of cases (n = 742), PPROM was documented. Rates of respiratory‐related hospitalizations of the offspring up to the age of 18 years were significantly higher in the exposed group (12.5% vs 9.4% in the unexposed group, P = .023). The survival curve demonstrated significantly higher cumulative incidence of respiratory hospitalizations in the exposed group (logrank P = .018). In the Cox regression model controlled for gestational age, and other clinically relevant confounders – PPROM before early preterm deliveries was independently associated with an increased risk for long‐term childhood respiratory‐related hospitalizations in the offspring (adjusted hazard ratio 1.40, 95% confidence interval, 1.05‐1.87, P = .021).ConclusionFetal exposure to PPROM before early preterm delivery was associated with an increased risk for long‐term respiratory hospitalizations in the offspring.
The Molecular Regulation of Ethylene in Fruit Ripening
Authors: Liu Yudong , Tang Mingfeng , Liu Mingchun , Su Deding , Chen Jing , Gao Yushuo , Bouzayen Mondher , Li Zhengguo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFleshy fruits are major sources of necessary nutrients in many diets worldwide. Most fruit quality attributes emerge during ripening making the fruit more attractive to consumers. Understanding the molecular regulatory network underpinning fleshy fruit ripening is important not only for fruit quality improvement but also for postharvest shelf life. The phytohormone ethylene plays an essential role in climacteric fruit ripening and a number of studies have demonstrated that ethylene signaling components and related transcription factors are involved in the regulation of fruit ripening. However, the transcriptional network by which ethylene interacts with other signaling pathways to regulate the ripening process is not fully understood. In this review, focusing on the tomato as a reference species, the key points regarding the role of ethylene in coordinating the ripening process at the molecular and physiological levels are described. The interplay between ethylene and ripening‐related regulators and its crosstalk with other phytohormones and present recent data on ripening‐related epigenetic modifications are also discussed. Overall, the paper summarizes the most advanced research progress in this area to help facilitate its future development.
New conformal higher spin gravities in 3d
Authors: Grigoriev Maxim , Lovrekovic Iva , Skvortsov Evgeny 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We propose a new class of conformal higher spin gravities in three dimensions, which extends the one by Pope and Townsend. The main new feature is that there are infinitely many examples of the new theories with a finite number of higher spin fields, much as in the massless case. The action has the Chern-Simons form for a higher spin extension of the conformal algebra. In general, the new theories contain Fradkin-Tseytlin fields with higher derivatives in the gauge transformations, which is reminiscent of partially-massless fields. A relation of the old and new theories to the parity anomaly is pointed out.
A comment on 4d and 5d BPS states
Authors: Kachru Shamit , Zimet Max 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We discuss a phenomenon in supersymmetric field theory and string theory whereby compactifying one of the dimensions of spacetime on an arbitrarily large circle can cause BPS states to become unstable. We exemplify this by considering 5d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 theories on a circle and their embeddings into M-theory via geometric engineering. This implicates a subtle relationship between the BPS states of M-theory on a Calabi-Yau threefold, X , and those of type IIA on X with an arbitrary value of the coupling constant. Intuition for this phenomenon is provided by considering F-theory on a complex K3 surface in a limit where it degenerates to a real K3 surface.
Emitted radiation and geometry
Authors: Bianchi L. , Billò M. , Galvagno F. , Lerda A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In conformal $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 Super Yang-Mills theory, the energy emitted by an accelerated heavy particle is computed by the one-point function of the stress tensor operator in the presence of a Wilson line. In this paper, we consider the theory on the ellipsoid and we prove a conjectured relation between the stress tensor one-point function and the first order expansion of the Wilson loop expectation value in the squashing parameter. To do this, we analyze the behavior of the Wilson loop for a small deformation of the background geometry and, at first order in the deformation, we fix the kinematics using defect CFT constraints. In the final part of the paper, we analyze the consequences of our results for the weak coupling perturbative expansion. In particular, comparing the weakly coupled matrix model with the ordinary Feynman diagram expansion, we find a natural transcendentality driven organization for the latter.
Early Stages of Deleterious Phases in Super and Hyper Duplex Stainless Steel and Their Effect on Toughness
Authors: Keplinger Andreas , Martinez Carlos , Hausbauer Manfred , Kapp Marianne 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDuplex stainless steels combine excellent mechanical properties with good corrosion resistance. Consequently, they are in frequent use in various highly demanding applications, like Oil & Gas, chemical processing, pulp and paper, and desalination plants. Due to their high alloying contents, super and hyper duplex are susceptible to the formation of detrimental secondary phases such as chromium nitrides, chi, and sigma phase.The presented investigation deals with the precipitation of those phases in super and hyper duplex by employing rapid isothermal heat treatments on a Gleeble 3800 thermo-mechanical simulator. The Charpy-V impact toughness was measured as a function of the sensitization time and temperature in order to characterise their effect on low temperature toughness. Both alloys suffer from severe embrittlement at the early stages of sensitization. In super duplex at 850 °C for 20 s, chromium nitrides are precipitated, a chi-phase is formed after 200 s, and small amounts of sigma after 500 s. In hyper duplex, the precipitation sequence is the same but significantly faster. In this alloy, the sigma-phase is encountered after merely 50 s and ferrite is completely consumed after 500 s.
Grünpatenschaften im Spannungsfeld von neoliberaler Stadtpolitik und urbanen Bürgerbewegungen
Authors: Gruber Miriam 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungAm Umgang mit städtischem Grün entzünden sich immer wieder Proteste von Bürgerinnen und Bürgern, die sich gegen Entscheidungen von Politik und Verwaltung richten. Umgekehrt hat die öffentliche Hand das Potenzial erkannt, das engagierte Bürgerinnen und Bürger für den Erhalt von Stadtgrün darstellen, insbesondere in Zeiten knapper kommunaler Ressourcen. Eine Form der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Stadtgesellschaft und -verwaltung stellen sogenannte Grünpatenschaften dar, bei denen Bürgerinnen und Bürger ehrenamtlich Flächen des Straßenbegleitgrüns pflegen. Der folgende Beitrag untersucht am Beispiel von Baumscheiben in Bonn, welche Möglichkeiten und Grenzen zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement im Handlungsfeld des Stadtgrüns hat. Mittels quantitativen und qualitativen Methoden wurden unter anderem die Verteilung der Grünpatenschaften im Stadtgebiet und die Bewertung des Patenschaftsmodells aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven untersucht. Den theoretischen Hintergrund des Beitrags bilden 2 verschiedene Diskurse: Einerseits können Grünpatenschaften als Ergebnis neoliberaler Stadtentwicklung und neuer Governanceformen betrachtet werden, andererseits können sie aus zivilgesellschaftlichen Initiativen wie dem Do-it-Yourself Urbanism oder dem Urban Gardening hervorgehen.
The value of monitoring wildlife roadkill
Authors: Schwartz Amy L. W. , Shilling Fraser M. , Perkins Sarah E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe number of wildlife-vehicle collisions has an obvious value in estimating the direct effects of roads on wildlife, i.e. mortality due to vehicle collisions. Given the nature of the data—species identification and location—there is, however, much wider ecological knowledge that can be gained by monitoring wildlife roadkill. Here, we review the added value and opportunities provided by these data, through a series of case studies where such data have been instrumental in contributing to the advancement of knowledge in species distributions, population dynamics, and animal behaviour, as well as informing us about health of the species and of the environment. We propose that consistently, systematically, and extensively monitoring roadkill facilitates five critical areas of ecological study: (1) monitoring of roadkill numbers, (2) monitoring of population trends, (3) mapping of native and invasive species distributions, (4) animal behaviour, and (5) monitoring of contaminants and disease. The collection of such data also offers a valuable opportunity for members of the public to be directly involved in scientific data collection and research (citizen science). Through continuing to monitor wildlife roadkill, we can expand our knowledge across a wide range of ecological research areas, as well as facilitating investigations that aim to reduce both the direct and indirect effects of roads on wildlife populations.
Effect of Ultra-sonicated Y2BaCuO5 on Top-Seeded Melt Growth YBa2Cu3Oy Bulk Superconductor
Authors: Pinmangkorn S. , Miryala M. , Arvapalli S. S. , Murakami M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, we tried to improve the superconducting performance of bulk YBa2Cu3Oy (Y123) superconductors via Y2Ba1Cu1O5 (Y211) secondary phase refinement. A novel method of ultra-sonication was used to refine the Y211 secondary phase particles. The Y211 powder was treated by ultra-sonication for 0 to 80 min with steps of 20 min, keeping the power (300 W) and frequency (20 kHz) constant. For synthesis of the YBCO bulk, we employed top-seeded melt growth (TSMG) with Pt addition. Magnetization measurements showed a superconducting transition temperature at around 91 K, irrespective of ultra-sonication parameters. Interestingly, critical current density and trapped field were found to be proportional to the ultra-sonication duration. YBCO bulk sample (20 mm diameter, 7 mm in thickness) fabricated for 80 min ultra-sonicated Y211 showed a maximum trapped field of 0.42 T at 77 K, 0.3 mm above the top surface. The improved trapped field values are explained on the basis of improvements in the microstructure.
Modeling the nexus between coal consumption, FDI inflow and economic expansion: does industrialization matter in South Africa?
Authors: Udi Joshua , Bekun Festus Victor , Adedoyin Festus Fatai 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study examines the role of industrialization in the energy-growth-FDI nexus for the case of South Africa using data over the period 1970 to 2018. The empirical exercise was conducted using Pesaran Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. To accomplish our study objective, we analyze stationarity properties of the series using the unit root test after which we applied Bayer-Hanck (B-H) combined technique to cointegration to assess whether a long-run relationship exists among the series. Empirical results show that a 1% change in FDI account for 0.002% and 0.013% increase in economic expansion in the short- and long- run respectively. Also, a 1% increase in coal consumption influence GDP negatively by 0.083% and 0.207% in the short and long run respectively. Furthermore, a 1% increase in total natural resource rent positively affects GDP by 0.02% and 0.05% respectively in the short and long run. Industrialization, on the other hand, demonstrates a positive and significant impact on the economic growth process both in the short and long run. Industrialization contributes 0.506% and 1.274% to economic expansion both in the short and long run respectively. The causality tests suggest that a one-way causal link running from FDI to industrialization and from industrialization to coal consumption exists. Finally, FDI inflow drives total natural resource rents in South Africa. This study also gives reliable growth and energy policy proposals to policymakers applicable to countries around the globe.
Novel Evidence that Purinergic Signaling - Nlrp3 Inflammasome Axis Regulates Circadian Rhythm of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Circulation in Peripheral Blood
Authors: Adamiak Mateusz , Ciechanowicz Andrzej , Skoda Marta , Cymer Monika , Tracz Michal , Xu Bing , Ratajczak Mariusz Z. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe found that circadian changes in ATP level in peripheral blood (PB) activate the Nlrp3 inflammasome, which triggers diurnal release of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) from murine bone marrow (BM) into PB. Consistent with this finding, we observed circadian changes in expression of mRNA for Nlrp3 inflammasome-related genes, including Nlrp3, caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-18, gasdermin (GSDMD), HMGB1, and S100A9. Circadian release of HSPCs from BM into PB as well as expression of Nlrp3-associated genes was decreased in mice in which pannexin 1-mediated secretion of ATP was inhibited by the blocking peptide 10Panx and in animals exposed to the specific small-molecule inhibitor of the Nlrp3 inflammasome MCC950. In addition to HSPCs, a similar decrease in diurnal cell counts was observed for mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs). These results shed more light on the complexity of circadian regulation of HSPC release into PB, which is coordinated in a purinergic signaling-, innate immunity-dependent manner. Moreover, in addition to circadian changes in expression of the Nlrp3 inflammasome we also observed diurnal changes in expression of other inflammasomes, including Aim2, Nrp1a, and Nlrp1b.