bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wave‐like excitations in the system of a charged long filament interacting with the microparticles in the linear Paul trap
Authors: Syrovatka R.A. , Filinov V.S. , Vasilyak L.M. , Deputatova L.V. , Pecherkin V.Ya. , Vladimirov V.I. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we experimentally and numerically studied the wave‐like excitations in the system comprised by a charged nylon filament (macroobject) and charged microparticles levitating in a linear quadrupole electrodynamic trap. It has been found out that a filament with sufficient sag forms a rotating standing‐like wave, while the particles due to the Coulomb repulsion are localized in its antinodes. Numerical simulation shows that this dynamic collective motion can be excited at high enough voltages on the electrodes, when the energy losses due to air viscosity can be compensated by the energy contribution of the altering electric fields of the trap.
Evolving Otolaryngology Resident Roles and Concerns at the Peak of the US COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Cai Yi , Gulati Arushi , Jiam Nicole T. , Wai Katherine C. , Shuman Elizabeth A. , Pletcher Steven D. , Durr Megan L. , Chang Jolie L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe roles of US otolaryngology residents have changed in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. As the pandemic peaked in the United States, we characterized resident activities and concerns.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of US otolaryngology residents between April 20, 2020 and May 2, 2020.ResultsA total of 219 residents at 65/118 (55%) institutions responded. Thirty (14%) residents had been redeployed. Residents reported greatest concerns regarding education (P < .00001). Assuming adequate protective equipment, 55% desired active participation in high‐risk procedures on COVID‐19‐positive patients. Redeployed residents had greater concern for burnout and reduced in‐hospital well‐being (P < .05). Resident satisfaction correlated with comfort communicating concerns to their department (odds ratio [OR] = 4.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4‐17.3, P = .01) and inversely correlated with low perceived meaning in work (OR = 3.1, CI 1.1‐9.1, P = .03).ConclusionOtolaryngology resident concerns have evolved as the pandemic progressed. Residency programs should prioritize resident education, well‐being in redeployed residents, and open communication as they transition toward recovery.
Targeting SARS CoV2 (Indian isolate) genome with miRNA: An in silico study
Authors: Devi Arpita , Chaitanya Nyshadham S. N. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe newly identified SARS CoV2 has become a global pandemic since December 2019. Various researchers are trying to design a vaccine candidate against the virus. On the other hand, another group is focussing on repurposing approved or clinically tested drugs for treatment. However, there is always a search for alternative therapies. Thus, we propose an alternative approach apart from chemotherapy that is the usage of miRNA as novel antisense therapy to cure SARS CoV2 infected patients. To address the objective, miRNAs have been designed by targeting the genome of SARS CoV2 (Indian isolate). First, the open reading frames in the viral genome have been identified, and the proteins encoded by those open reading frames have been predicted. Using computational biology, several miRNAs have been designed and their probability to bind to a viral gene has been predicted. In addition, miRNA target mining in the host cell has been done to rule out the possibility of non‐specific binding of the miRNAs. The miRNAs having the highest chances to bind to the viral genome have been converted into pre‐miRNAs, and their interaction with dicer endoribonuclease has been studied by molecular docking. Results revealed that the pre‐miRNAs interact with the RNAse III 2 domain of dicer. Thus, it is predicted that the pre‐miRNAs after delivery to the infected host cell will be processed by dicer to generate mature miRNAs that will target the SARS CoV2 viral genome. Therefore, miRNA therapy can be an alternative approach for the treatment of SARS CoV2 infection.
Metasurface‐Enhanced Lab‐on‐Fiber Biosensors
Authors: Consales Marco , Quero Giuseppe , Spaziani Sara , Principe Maria , Micco Alberto , Galdi Vincenzo , Cutolo Antonello , Cusano Andrea 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe integration of metasurfaces on the tip of optical fibers enables advanced wavefront manipulations in Lab‐on‐Fiber application scenarios, and brings about new degrees of freedom that can be exploited for optimizing the surface sensitivity to local variations of the refractive index. Here, a novel biosensing platform is reported based on the integration of a phase‐gradient plasmonic metasurface on the tip of an optical fiber, able to detect biomolecular interactions with very high sensitivity. Specifically, the capability of the proposed platform to detect very low concentrations of streptavidin in running buffer solutions, with a limit of detection of the order of a few ng mL−1, is demonstrated. In addition, its inherent integrability within medical catheters/needles renders it potentially very attractive for application scenarios of real‐time diagnosis via liquid biopsy at precise locations inside the human body.
Europium‐linked structures and electronic properties of nanosize semiconductor EuSin0/− (n = 11‐18) clusters
Authors: Dong Xueyan , Cheng Lin , Yang Jucai 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe ground‐state structures of europium‐doped Si nanocluster and their anions EuSin0/− (n = 11‐18) are verified by using the ABCluster unbiased global search technique married with density functional theory methods and matching of simulated and experimental photoelectron spectroscopy. The results revealed that structural growth pattern for neutral and anionic nanoclusters is from Eu‐substitutional to Eu‐linked structure starting from n = 13 and 12, respectively. The natural population analysis showed that the 4f electrons of Eu atom in EuSin0/− (n = 11‐18) hardly participate in bonding, resulting the total magnetic moments are 7 and 8 μB, respectively. The highest occupied molecular orbital‐lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap and average bond energies of EuSin0/− (n = 11‐18) have also been calculated respectively to examine their thermodynamic and chemical stability. The result showed that EuSi15 nanocluster possesses good thermodynamic and chemical stability, which may make it as the most suitable building blocks for novel functional nanomaterials.
Qualitätssteigerung der Abrechnungsprüfung durch Smartphone-basierte Fotodokumentation in der Unfall‑, Hand- und plastischen Chirurgie
Authors: Jordan Martin C. , Jovic Sebastian , Gilbert Fabian , Kunz Andreas , Ertl Maximilian , Strobl Ute , Jakubietz Rafael G. , Jakubietz Michael G. , Meffert Rainer H. , Fuchs Konrad F. 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Fotodokumentation von offenen Frakturen, Wunden, Dekubitalulzera, Tumoren oder Infektionen ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der digitalen Patientenakte. Bisher ist unklar, welchen Stellenwert diese Fotodokumentation bei der Abrechnungsprüfung durch den Medizinischen Dienst der Krankenkassen (MDK) hat.

Fragestellung
Kann eine Smartphone-basierte Fotodokumentation die Verteidigung von erlösrelevanten Diagnosen und Prozeduren sowie der Verweildauer verbessern?

Material und Methoden
Ausstattung der Mitarbeiter mit digitalen Endgeräten (Smartphone/Tablet) in den Bereichen Notaufnahme, Schockraum, OP, Sprechstunden sowie auf den Stationen. Retrospektive Auswertung der Abrechnungsprüfung im Jahr 2019 und Identifikation aller Fallbesprechungen, in denen die Fotodokumentation eine Erlösveränderung bewirkt hat.

Ergebnisse
Von insgesamt 372 Fallbesprechungen half die Fotodokumentation in 27 Fällen (7,2 %) zur Bestätigung eines Operationen- und Prozedurenschlüssels (OPS) (n = 5; 1,3 %), einer Hauptdiagnose (n = 10; 2,7 %), einer Nebendiagnose (n = 3; 0,8 %) oder der Krankenhausverweildauer (n = 9; 2,4 %). Pro oben genanntem Fall mit Fotodokumentation ergab sich eine durchschnittliche Erlössteigerung von 2119 €. Inklusive Aufwandpauschale für die Verhandlungen wurde somit ein Gesamtbetrag von 65.328 € verteidigt.

Diskussion
Der Einsatz einer Smartphone-basierten Fotodokumentation kann die Qualität der Dokumentation verbessern und Erlöseinbußen bei der Abrechnungsprüfung verhindern. Die Implementierung digitaler Endgeräte mit entsprechender Software ist ein wichtiger Teil des digitalen Strukturwandels in Kliniken.
Tightly Secure Hierarchical Identity-Based Encryption
Authors: Langrehr Roman , Pan Jiaxin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe construct the first tightly secure hierarchical identity-based encryption (HIBE) scheme based
on standard assumptions, which solves an open problem from Blazy, Kiltz, and Pan (CRYPTO 2014).
At the core of our constructions is a novel randomization technique that enables us to randomize
user secret keys for identities with flexible length.The security reductions of previous HIBEs lose at least a factor of Q, which is the number of
user secret key queries. Different to that, the security loss of our schemes is only dependent on
the security parameter. Our schemes are adaptively secure based on the Matrix Diffie-Hellman
assumption, which is a generalization of standard Diffie-Hellman assumptions such as k-Linear. We
have two tightly secure constructions, one with constant ciphertext size, and the other with tighter
security at the cost of linear ciphertext size. Among other things, our schemes imply the first tightly
secure identity-based signature scheme by a variant of the Naor transformation.
Extracellular electron uptake by autotrophic microbes: physiological, ecological, and evolutionary implications
Authors: Gupta Dinesh , Guzman Michael S , Bose Arpita 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Microbes exchange electrons with their extracellular environment via direct or indirect means. This exchange is bidirectional and supports essential microbial oxidation–reduction processes, such as respiration and photosynthesis. The microbial capacity to use electrons from insoluble electron donors, such as redox-active minerals, poised electrodes, or even other microbial cells is called extracellular electron uptake (EEU). Autotrophs with this capability can thrive in nutrient and soluble electron donor-deficient environments. As primary producers, autotrophic microbes capable of EEU greatly impact microbial ecology and play important roles in matter and energy flow in the biosphere. In this review, we discuss EEU-driven autotrophic metabolisms, their mechanism and physiology, and highlight their ecological, evolutionary, and biotechnological implications.
A multistrategy approach for improving the expression of E. coli phytase in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Helian Yuankun , Gai Yuanming , Fang Huan , Sun Yumei , Zhang Dawei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Phytase is an additive in animal feed that degrades phytic acid in plant material, reducing feeding costs, and pollution from fecal phosphorus excretion. A multistrategy approach was adopted to improve the expression of E. coli phytase in Pichia pastoris. We determined that the most suitable signal peptide for phytase secretion was an α-factor secretion signal with an initial enzyme activity of 153.51 U/mL. Increasing the copy number of this gene to four increased phytase enzyme activity by 234.35%. PDI overexpression and Pep4 gene knockout increased extracellular phytase production by 35.33% and 26.64%, respectively. By combining favorable factors affecting phytase expression and secretion, the enzyme activity of the phytase-engineered strain was amplified 384.60% compared with that of the original strain. We also evaluated the potential for the industrial production of the engineered strain using a 50-L fed-batch fermenter and achieved a total activity of 30,246 U/mL after 180 h of fermentation.
Simulation of the Self-Ignition of a Cold Premixed Ethylene-Air Jet in Hot Vitiated Crossflow
Authors: Solana-Pérez Roberto , Schulz Oliver , Noiray Nicolas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze the self-ignition of a jet flame in hot vitiated cross flow using Large Eddy Simulation with analytically reduced chemistry. A rich premixed ethylene-air mixture ($$\phi = 1.2$$

ϕ
=
1.2

) at 300 K is injected into a hot vitiated crossflow at 1500 K. The simulated reacting flow steady-state was validated against experiments in previous publications and the focus of the present work is the transient self-ignition of the jet. It is shown that spontaneous ignition occurs at very lean mixture fractions in the form of reacting patches in the windward jet mixing layer. These patches grow, laterally wrap the jet and extend into the recirculation region. Chemical explosive mode analysis is performed to identify the chemically active regions that are precursors of the patches undergoing spontaneous ignition. It is shown that the self-ignition occurs at very lean fuel concentrations regions, which are leaner and hotter than the most reactive mixture fraction of the jet and crossflow. This is explained by the fact that the scalar dissipation is significantly lower in these very lean regions. Ultimately, the peak heat release moves toward the richer regions and an autoignition cascade governs the steady state flame anchoring.
A Genetic Attack Against Machine Learning Classifiers to Steal Biometric Actigraphy Profiles from Health Related Sensor Data
Authors: Garcia-Ceja Enrique , Morin Brice , Aguilar-Rivera Anton , Riegler Michael Alexander 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, we propose the use of a genetic-algorithm-based attack against machine learning classifiers with the aim of ‘stealing’ users’ biometric actigraphy profiles from health related sensor data. The target classification model uses daily actigraphy patterns for user identification. The biometric profiles are modeled as what we call impersonator examples which are generated based solely on the predictions’ confidence score by repeatedly querying the target classifier. We conducted experiments in a black-box setting on a public dataset that contains actigraphy profiles from 55 individuals. The data consists of daily motion patterns recorded with an actigraphy device. These patterns can be used as biometric profiles to identify each individual. Our attack was able to generate examples capable of impersonating a target user with a success rate of 94.5%. Furthermore, we found that the impersonator examples have high transferability to other classifiers trained with the same training set. We also show that the generated biometric profiles have a close resemblance to the ground truth profiles which can lead to sensitive data exposure, like revealing the time of the day an individual wakes-up and goes to bed.
Inactivation times from 290 to 315 nm UVB in sunlight for SARS coronaviruses CoV and CoV-2 using OMI satellite data for the sunlit Earth
Authors: Herman Jay , Biegel Bryan , Huang Liang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUVB in sunlight, 290–315 nm, can inactivate SARS CoV and SARS CoV-2 viruses on surfaces and in the air. Laboratory exposure to ultraviolet irradiance in the UVC range inactivates many viruses and bacteria in times less than 30 min. Estimated UVB inactivation doses from sunlight in J/m2 are obtained from UVC measurements and radiative transfer calculations, weighted by a virus inactivation action spectrum, using OMI satellite atmospheric data for ozone, clouds, and aerosols. For SARS CoV, using an assumed UVC dose near the mid-range of measured values, D90 = 40 J/m2, 90% inactivation times T90 are estimated for exposure to midday 10:00–14:00 direct plus diffuse sunlight and for nearby locations in the shade (diffuse UVB only). For the assumed D90 = 40 J/m2 model applicable to SARS CoV viruses, calculated estimates show that near noon 11:00–13:00 clear-sky direct sunlight gives values of T90 < 90 min for mid-latitude sites between March and September and less than 60 min for many equatorial sites for 12 months of the year. Recent direct measurements of UVB sunlight inactivation of the SARS CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 show shorter T90 inactivation times less than 10 min depending on latitude, season, and hour. The equivalent UVC 254 nm D90 dose for SARS CoV-2 is estimated as 3.2 ± 0.7 J/m2 for viruses on a steel mesh surface and 6.5 ± 1.4 J/m2 for viruses in a growth medium. For SARS CoV-2 clear-sky T90 on a surface ranges from 4 min in the equatorial zone to less than 30 min in a geographic area forming a near circle with solar zenith angle < 60O centered on the subsolar point for local solar times from 09:00 to 15:00 h.
Iso-dip Contouring: An Innovative Approach to Exploration for Concealed, Structure- controlled, Hydrothermal, Vein-type Uranium Mineralisation in Kanchankayi Sector of KurlagereGogi-Gundanahalli Fault Zone, Yadgir District, Karnataka
Authors: Roy Debasish , Pande Dheeraj , Chakrabarti K. , Varughese S. K. , Pradhan A. K. , Saravanan B. , Bhatt A. K. , Verma M. B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Kanchankayi is located in the central part of the 55 km long Kurlagere-Gogi-Gundanahalli (KG) fault of Meso-Neoproterozoic Bhima basin of Southern India. Intensive integrated exploration in Kanchankayi has established a concealed, fracture-controlled, low-grade uranium deposit. Uranium mineralisation is mostly confined within the fractured limestone of Shahabad Formation and partly within fractured basement granite. Tectonic movements along the KG fault in Kanchankayi area have resulted in the northward thrusting of basement granite over the Bhima sediments forming a reverse fault geometry. Structural mapping and sub-surface exploration has established that the uranium mineralisation is mainly confined to the fault zone. In general, the fault zone is characterised by steep southerly dipping to vertical limestone beds. Iso-dip contouring was attempted on the beds having equal angle of dip, with the premise that steep southerly dipping and vertical beds will reveal the trend and location of the fault zone on the surface. The iso-dip contour map reveals that the contour depicting the fault zone initially follows the basement-sediment contact and further NE i.e. towards Kanchankayi and transgresses into the Bhima sediments. This suggests that the fault zone, instead of following the basement-sediment contact, moves within the basin in Kanchankayi. Recent sub-surface exploration in Kanchankayi has corroborated this interpretation. The innovative approach in utilizing structural mapping and isodip contouring has not only given a new dimension to the exploration programme at Kanchankayi but also provided a model technique for exploration of concealed, structure-controlled, hydrothermal, vein-type uranium mineralisation in parts of Bhima basin.
Impact of Land Use-Land Cover and Climatic Pattern on Sediment Yield of Two Contrasting Sub-Catchments in Upper Tapi Basin, India
Authors: Resmi S. R. , Patel P. L. , Timbadiya P. V. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Long-term and short-term assessments of sediment yield from river basins are required in planning soil conservation measures, water storage in reservoirs and prediction of morphological responses in rivers. In present study, detailed quantification of land-use land-cover and climate variabilityin two contrasting subcatchments of Upper Tapi basin, India, are reported for period 1980-2010. The pattern of measured sediment concentration, decadal and intra-annual variations of sediment yield at the outlets of boththe sub-catchments are presented and attributed with land-use land-cover and climate variability of the relevant periods. Higher sediment and water yields observed at the outlet of Burhanpur sub-catchment are due to steep and hilly topography, excessive deforestation and relatively high simple daily monsoonal intensity index (SDMII) within the sub-catchment versus Purna sub-catchment. In both the sub-catchments, maximum and minimum sediment concentrations are in July and September months respectively. Higher sediment concentration at the outlet of Purna sub-catchment is due to excessive alluvial deposits, extensive agricultural activities and generation of correspondingly less runoff within the sub-catchment. The observed reduction in sediment yield pattern in recent years is due to development of minor hydraulic structures (water area), decrease in scrub lands, increased planned agricultural land and decrease in the SDMII within both sub-catchments. The correlation analyses have indicated that total monsoonal basin average rainfall (TMBAR), rainy days (RD) and SDMII have been found to be significantly correlated with sediment yield for Burhanpur sub-catchment visà-vis SDMII and TMBAR for the Purna sub-catchment. Also, the sediment yield from the sub-catchments in the past have been found to be excessively higher than planned reservoir sedimentation of Hatnur reservoir, located at the outlet of the Upper Tapi basin.
Changes in Morphometric Meander Parameters and Prediction of Meander Channel Migration for the Alluvial Part of the Barak River
Authors: Annayat Wajahat , Sil Briti Sundar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A common phenomenon associated with the alluvial river is its meandering action which leads to lateral migration and thus geomorphic hazards. Predicting and preventing this migration is both difficult and necessary. Barak river is one of the highly meandering rivers flowing through the alluvial plains of Assam, India. It is observed that there is a regular shifting of the river banks and development of cutoffs which create uncertainty to the people residing nearby. Therefore, in this study planform geometry and migration behaviour of the Barak river is examined considering 12 representative meandering reaches using multiperiod Landsat remote sensing images, field investigations of channel bed and bank properties and riparian vegetation cover. An attempt is made to describe and evaluate the empirical approach and time sequence extrapolation method to predict channel migration. Channel wavelength to channel width ratio ranges between 5.53 to 12.9, and the bend curvature ranges between 1.1 to 3.93. Rate of river migration varies between 0.54to 85.69 m/year. Sinuosity in most of the meandering reaches is greater than 1.5. Results show that lack of significant riparian vegetative cover, high precipitation and presence of fine sands with very low clay content are probably the main elements responsible for the planform changes. The results of the prediction of meander migration obtained from selected empirical methods show that only Nanson and Hickin method shows a moderate correlation with R2 =0.50. Time sequence extrapolation method was used to predict the radius of the best-fit circle for the year 2025 and 2030. Results of the time sequence extrapolation method indicate that the maximum and minimum radius of the best circle fit for the year 2025 is 1254m at reach-8 and 462m at reach-7 respectively, and maximum and minimum radius of the best circle fit for the year 2030 is 1319m at reach-8 and 387m at reach-12 respectively. It is believed that the outcomes of this study could form a base in river training works and in understanding and predicting the future dynamics and bank migration of this alluvial river and other river of similar geomorphic setting.