bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and histological recovery of non-thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis in a cat treated with ciclosporin A
Authors: Combarros Daniel , Moulin Jean-Paul , Correge Sophie , Delverdier Maxence , Cadiergues Marie-Christine 
Published: February 2020

Case summary A 6-year-old neutered female European Shorthair cat was referred for chronic, moderately pruritic, alopecic and exfoliative dermatosis that was unresponsive to antiparasitic, antibiotic or steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The cat presented with truncular alopecia and numerous whitish adherent scales covering the whole body. Differential diagnoses included sebaceous adenitis, dermatophytosis, demodicosis, exfoliative dermatitis associated or not with thymoma, drug reaction, feline immunodeficiency virus- or feline leukaemia virus-associated dermatoses, epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma, and Malassezia yeasts and/or bacterial overgrowth. Blood tests were within normal limits and the retrovirus tests were negative. Skin scrapings, fungal culture, coat brushing and skin cytology were negative for parasitic or microbial elements. Radiographs showed no signs of a thymic mass. Histological examination of skin biopsies revealed marked orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis, lymphocytic (CD3+) interface dermatitis and mural folliculitis with absence of sebaceous glands and occasional apoptotic cells in different epidermal layers. Clinical and histological findings were consistent with non-thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis syndrome. Ciclosporin A (7 mg/kg) was administered once daily. A dramatic improvement was observed after 3 weeks. Ciclosporin A intake was then progressively spaced out as the clinical signs diminished. Skin biopsies revealed resolution of hyperkeratosis, disappearance of the inflammatory infiltrate and recovery of the sebaceous glands. Relevance and novel information T-cell infiltration with signs of epidermal cytotoxicity, in the absence of infectious agents or neoplastic process, suggests an immune-mediated process, and ciclosporin A, a calcineurin inhibitor, would be the drug of choice. This is the first report showing resolution of both the clinical and histological signs of non-thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis.
What Can We Learn from Parents of Caries-Free and Caries-Active Hispanic Children?
Authors: Tiwari T. , Rai N.K. , Wilson A.R. , Gansky S.A. , Albino J. 
Published: February 2020

Objective: This study evaluated strength-based motivators within Hispanic families that support the creation of health in their children. A mixed-methods approach was used to understand differences in Hispanic parental factors between caries-free (CF) and caries-active (CA) children. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 200 parent-child triads (primary child: between 0 and 6 y; reference child: between 0 and 10 y) recruited from health centers in the Denver Metro area. All the participating children received an oral examination, and the triads were grouped as CF or CA based on the caries status of the primary child. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth individual interviews with the parents. The analysis only involved the primary child. Bivariable analysis were conducted between parent factors (independent variables) and presence or absence of caries (outcome variable). The variables with P < 0.20 in the bivariable analysis were subjected to 2 multivariable logistic regression models. The children in the CF group had mean (SD) age of 2.8 (1.28) y compared to the CA group at 4.0 (1.55) y ( P < 0.001). Bivariable analysis demonstrated that parents in the CF group reported higher oral hygiene behavior scores ( P = 0.047), perceived fewer barriers ( P = 0.009) to accessing preventive dental care, and considered their children more susceptible to cavities ( P = 0.001) compared to parents in the CA group. Multivariable model (adjusting for socioeconomic characteristics) demonstrated that parents of CF children perceived high susceptibility to caries for their children ( P = 0.040). Multivariable model (adjusting for acculturation) demonstrated an association of parental oral hygiene behavior ( P = 0.040) and parent-perceived susceptibility to caries ( P = 0.010) with CF child status. Qualitative interviews revealed that parents in the CF group were concerned about their children’s higher susceptibility to caries and tried to establish good oral hygiene routines for their children. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that parental behaviors and health beliefs could be significant determinants of caries status in Hispanic children. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Results of this study indicate that parental oral health beliefs and behaviors are significant determinants of caries status in children of Hispanic population. Parental beliefs could motivate them to take action or establish behavior that prevents dental caries in their children. Health care providers and caries prevention efforts can incorporate this information to tailor oral health promotional messaging and approaches to improve the oral health of Hispanic children.
Patterns in Pediatric Dental Surgery under General Anesthesia across 7 State Medicaid Programs
Authors: Lee H.H. , Faundez L. , Yarbrough C. , Lewis C.W. , LoSasso A.T. 
Published: February 2020

Objectives: Children’s access to dental general anesthesia (DGA) is limited, with highly variable wait times. Access factors occur at the levels of facility, dental provider, and anesthesia provider. It is unknown if these factors also influence utilization of dental surgery. We characterized patterns in DGA utilization by system, provider, population, and individual disease levels to explain variation. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of Medicaid-enrolled children (≤9 y) who received DGA in Massachusetts, Maryland, Texas, Connecticut, Washington, Illinois, and Florida from 2011 to 2012. DGA events were characterized by the place of service, measures of disease burden, average reimbursements for dental provider and anesthesia provider, and average total expenditures. Results: A total of 10,149,793 children met study eligibility criteria. States with similar patterns of caries-related visits, such as Illinois (16% of Medicaid enrollees had a caries-related claim) and Washington (22%), had different DGA rates (1% and 17%, respectively). Reimbursement rates for dental providers, DGA services, and nonhospital places of services did not consistently align in states with higher DGA rates. Surgical extraction rates, as a proxy for the most severe disease, exceeded 75% in Maryland, which had the lowest DGA rate (0.3%) Conclusions: Variation in DGA rates across states was not explained by reimbursements rates (provider, DGA services, place of service) or population or individual level of caries burden. Efforts to evaluate and alter utilization of DGA should consider factors such as dental and anesthesia provider capacity, health facility capacity (hospital vs. ambulatory surgery center vs. office), and population- and individual-level disease burden. Our negative findings suggest the presence of other social determinants of oral health that influence utilization of services (e.g., race/ethnicity, language preference, immigration status, policy and budget goals), which should be explored. Our findings also raise the specter that variation in surgical rates may represent instances of unmet needs or overtreatment. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study can be used by clinicians and policy makers as they address policy and clinical interventions to influence children with severe caries. Interventions to change utilization of surgical services on a population level may need to include state-specific factors that extend beyond reimbursement, disease burden, anesthesia provider type, or facility type.
Diagnosis of non-neoplastic kidney diseases in cancer nephroureterectomy specimens
Authors: Tjota Melissa Y , Sekar Preethi , Paner Gladell P , Antic Tatjana , Smith Norm , Henriksen Kammi J , Chang Anthony 
Published: February 2020

Purpose: Renal function preservation is an important objective for renal malignancies, and similar data are emerging for urothelial carcinoma. Non-neoplastic kidney diseases can be identified in up to 15% of tumor nephrectomy specimens, and to our knowledge this has not been studied in tumor nephroureterectomy specimens. Therefore, we conducted this single-center study to determine the frequency and spectrum of non-neoplastic kidney diseases that occur in nephroureterectomy specimens. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our pathology database from 2014 to 2018 and identified 63 nephroureterectomy specimens in adults. Clinical data were obtained through electronic medical record review including age, sex, race, and co-morbidities. Results: Analysis of the 63 cases demonstrated the average age was 69.3 years (range: 22–94 years) with 41 males (65%) and 22 females (35%). Ethnically, there were 54 Caucasians (86%), 5 African Americans (7.9%), and 4 others/unknown (6.3%). After review of the hematoxylin and eosin slide and periodic acid-Schiff slide, seven cases (11%) had significant diffuse and/or nodular mesangial sclerosis that was consistent with diabetic nephropathy. For these seven cases, one case was stage pTis, two cases were pT1, three cases were pT3, and one case was pT4. In five cases (8% of total cases), diabetic nephropathy had not been included in the original report. Conclusion: Analysis of the non-neoplastic renal parenchyma in nephroureterectomy specimens is not routinely performed by most pathologists, and this simple act can identify patients at risk for developing chronic kidney disease following surgery and improve coordination of care between urology, oncology, and nephrology. Specifically, diabetic nephropathy is common in this clinical setting and prompt treatment may result in additional gains in clinical outcomes, especially given the generally good and continually improving 5-year survival rates for urothelial neoplasms.
Effect of intravitreal injection of aflibercept on blood coagulation parameters in patients with age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Georgakopoulos Constantinos D. , Makri Olga E. , Pallikari Athina , Kagkelaris Konstantinos , Plotas Panagiotis , Grammenou Vasiliki , Emmanuil Andreas 
Published: February 2020

Purpose: Treatment with intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents has been associated with an increased risk of arterial thromboembolic events. The aim of the present pilot study was to assess the effect of a single intravitreal injection of aflibercept on coagulation. Methods: Treatment-naïve patients with age-related macular degeneration ( n = 47), who were scheduled to undergo treatment with intravitreal injections of aflibercept, were enrolled. None of the included patients received any anticoagulation therapy or had a history of a recent arterial thromboembolic event. Blood samples were collected before the first intravitreal injection, and at 7 and 30 days after aflibercept administration. We evaluated coagulation parameters, such as platelet count and plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer levels; functional clotting parameters, such as prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, and activated partial thromboplastin time; and anticoagulant parameters, such as the levels of Proteins S and C. Results: The levels of all of the evaluated biomarkers were within the normal range at baseline and at both the time points throughout the study. No statistically significant changes were observed in any of the measured parameters at 1 week and 1 month after aflibercept administration. Conclusion: A single intravitreal injection of aflibercept in treatment-naïve patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration has no statistically significant effect on blood coagulation parameters for up to 1 month after aflibercept administration. Our results also provide an explorative statistical data, and further studies are required to evaluate any significant clinical effects of aflibercept on blood coagulation parameters. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03509623.
Mineral pigments: the colourful palette of nature
Authors: REICHE Ina 
Published: February 2020

The use of minerals as pigments in art and on archaeological objects, from the use of ochre in prehistoric caves to the elaborate transformation and use in ancient and modern artist palettes, is reviewed in this chapter.
Starting from the purposes of the study of pigments, the chapter presents current trends in the study of coloured minerals in cultural heritage science. It emphasizes through the use of case studies the potential of these minerals in terms of information about former ways of life and especially the artistic techniques employed in ancient times.
This information is gained through knowledge of geological and physicochemical processes acting on minerals and on artefacts produced by human activities. Some new trends are presented as the state of the art of how to master most of the methods and techniques useful for investigating our common cultural heritage.
Cost savings to hospital of rituximab use in severe autoimmune acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Goshua George , Gokhale Amit , Hendrickson Jeanne E. , Tormey Christopher , Lee Alfred Ian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Patients with severe autoimmune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) experience acute hematologic emergencies during disease flares and a lifelong threat for relapse. Rituximab, in addition to steroids and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), has been shown to mitigate relapse risk. A barrier to care in initiating rituximab in the inpatient setting has been the presumed excessive cost of medication to the hospital. Retrospectively reviewing TTP admissions from 2004 to 2018 at our academic center, we calculated the actual inpatient cost of care. We then calculated the theoretical cost to the hospital of initiating rituximab in the inpatient setting for both initial TTP and relapse TTP cohorts, with the hypothesis that preventing sufficient future TTP admissions offsets the cost of initiating rituximab in all patients with TTP. At a median follow-up of 55 months in the initial TTP cohort, rituximab use produced a projected cost savings of $905 906 and would have prevented 185 inpatient admission days and saved 137 TPE procedures. In the relapse TTP setting, rituximab use produced a projected cost savings of $425 736 and would have prevented 86 inpatient admission days and saved 64 TPE procedures. From a hospital cost standpoint, cost of rituximab should no longer be a barrier to initiating inpatient rituximab in both initial and relapse TTP settings.
Different doses of galcanezumab versus placebo in patients with migraine and cluster headache: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yang Yanbo , Wang Zilan , Gao Bixi , Xuan He , Zhu Yun , Chen Zhouqing , Wang Zhong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Galcanezumab is a novel monoclonal antibody that target to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). It has been tested for the preventive treatment of migraine and episodic cluster headache by multiple randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and have been found to reduce headache frequency.

Methods
We systematically searched PubMed and Embase on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) from the earliest date to August 1, 2019. Relative risk (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD) were used to evaluate clinical outcomes.

Results
Seven studies were pooled with 3889 patients. Subcutaneous injection of Galcanezumab at 120 mg, 240 mg leads to a statistically significant response rate for the treatment of migraine compared with placebo (120 mg: RR = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.70; P < 0.001; 240 mg: RR = 1.58; 95% CI, 1.43 to 1.76; P < 0.001). Among them, 120 mg group has the same treatment efficacy with 240 mg group (50% response: RR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.22; P = 0.425; 75% response: RR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.23; P = 0.301; 100% response; RR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.37; P = 0.682; MHD: RR = − 0.08; 95% CI, − 0.55 to − 0.40; P = 0.748) while related to a lower risk for adverse events for the treatment of migraine (120 mg RR = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.14; P = 0.084; 240 mg: RR = 1.17; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.25; P < 0.001). 300 mg per month galcanezumab is effective for the prevention of episodic cluster headache measured by at least 50% reduction of cluster headache frequency at week 3 (RR = 1.36; 95% CI, 1.00–1.84; P = 0.048).

Conclusions
Use of galcanezumab is related to a significantly reduced monthly headache frequency compared with placebo for the treatment of migraine and episodic cluster headache, 120 mg has the same treatment efficacy with 240 mg group while related to a lower risk for adverse effects for the treatment of migraine. 300 mg per month galcanezumab is effective for the prevention of episodic cluster headache with no significantly increased adverse events.
DTranNER: biomedical named entity recognition with deep learning-based label-label transition model
Authors: Hong S. K. , Lee Jae-Gil 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Biomedical named-entity recognition (BioNER) is widely modeled with conditional random fields (CRF) by regarding it as a sequence labeling problem. The CRF-based methods yield structured outputs of labels by imposing connectivity between the labels. Recent studies for BioNER have reported state-of-the-art performance by combining deep learning-based models (e.g., bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory) and CRF. The deep learning-based models in the CRF-based methods are dedicated to estimating individual labels, whereas the relationships between connected labels are described as static numbers; thereby, it is not allowed to timely reflect the context in generating the most plausible label-label transitions for a given input sentence. Regardless, correctly segmenting entity mentions in biomedical texts is challenging because the biomedical terms are often descriptive and long compared with general terms. Therefore, limiting the label-label transitions as static numbers is a bottleneck in the performance improvement of BioNER.

Results
We introduce DTranNER, a novel CRF-based framework incorporating a deep learning-based label-label transition model into BioNER. DTranNER uses two separate deep learning-based networks: Unary-Network and Pairwise-Network. The former is to model the input for determining individual labels, and the latter is to explore the context of the input for describing the label-label transitions. We performed experiments on five benchmark BioNER corpora. Compared with current state-of-the-art methods, DTranNER achieves the best F1-score of 84.56% beyond 84.40% on the BioCreative II gene mention (BC2GM) corpus, the best F1-score of 91.99% beyond 91.41% on the BioCreative IV chemical and drug (BC4CHEMD) corpus, the best F1-score of 94.16% beyond 93.44% on the chemical NER, the best F1-score of 87.22% beyond 86.56% on the disease NER of the BioCreative V chemical disease relation (BC5CDR) corpus, and a near-best F1-score of 88.62% on the NCBI-Disease corpus.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that the incorporation of the deep learning-based label-label transition model provides distinctive contextual clues to enhance BioNER over the static transition model. We demonstrate that the proposed framework enables the dynamic transition model to adaptively explore the contextual relations between adjacent labels in a fine-grained way. We expect that our study can be a stepping stone for further prosperity of biomedical literature mining.
Reliability of genomic evaluation for egg quality traits in layers
Authors: Picard Druet David , Varenne Amandine , Herry Florian , Hérault Frédéric , Allais Sophie , Burlot Thierry , Le Roy Pascale 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundGenomic evaluation, based on the use of thousands of genetic markers in addition to pedigree and phenotype information, has become the standard evaluation methodology in dairy cattle breeding programmes over the past several years. Despite the many differences between dairy cattle breeding and poultry breeding, genomic selection seems very promising for the avian sector, and studies are currently being conducted to optimize avian selection schemes. In this optimization perspective, one of the key parameters is to properly predict the accuracy of genomic evaluation in pure line layers.ResultsIt was observed that genomic evaluation, whether performed on males or females, always proved more accurate than genetic evaluation. The gain was higher when phenotypic information was narrowed, and an augmentation of the size of the reference population led to an increase in accuracy prediction with regard to genomic evaluation. By taking into account the increase of selection intensity and the decrease of the generation interval induced by genomic selection, the expected annual genetic gain would be higher with ancestry-based genomic evaluation of male candidates than with genetic evaluation based on collaterals. This advantage of genomic selection over genetic selection requires more detailed further study for female candidates.ConclusionsIn conclusion, in the population studied, the genomic evaluation of egg quality traits of breeding birds at birth seems to be a promising strategy, at least for the selection of males.
A novel estimator of between-study variance in random-effects models
Authors: Wang Nan , Zhang Jun , Xu Li , Qi Jing , Liu Beibei , Tang Yiyang , Jiang Yinan , Cheng Liang , Jiang Qinghua , Yin Xunbo , Jin Shuilin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, many datasets on the same biological subject are generated. A meta-analysis is an approach that combines results from different studies on the same topic. The random-effects model in a meta-analysis enables the modeling of differences between studies by incorporating the between-study variance.

Results
This paper proposes a moments estimator of the between-study variance that represents the across-study variation. A new random-effects method (DSLD2), which involves two-step estimation starting with the DSL estimate and the $D_{g}^{2}$Dg2 in the second step, is presented. The DSLD2 method is compared with 6 other meta-analysis methods based on effect sizes across 8 aspects under three hypothesis settings. The results show that DSLD2 is a suitable method for identifying differentially expressed genes under the first hypothesis. The DSLD2 method is also applied to Alzheimer’s microarray datasets. The differentially expressed genes detected by the DSLD2 method are significantly enriched in neurological diseases.

Conclusions
The results from both simulationes and an application show that DSLD2 is a suitable method for detecting differentially expressed genes under the first hypothesis.