bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced skeletal muscle independently predicts 1-year aggravated joint destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Lin Jian-Zi , Liu Yin , Ma Jian-Da , Mo Ying-Qian , Chen Chu-Tao , Chen Le-Feng , Li Qian-Hua , Yang Ze-Hong , Zheng Dong-Hui , Ling Li , Miossec Pierre , Dai Lie 
Published: August 2020

Background: Numerous cross-sectional studies have reported the associations between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and reduced skeletal muscle. We firstly explored the dynamic change of skeletal muscle and its effect on RA clinical outcomes in a real-world prospective cohort. Methods: Consecutive RA patients were treated according to the treat-to-target strategy and completed at least 1-year follow up. Clinical data and muscle index (assessed by bioelectric impedance analysis) were collected at baseline and visits at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Myopenia was defined by appendicular skeletal muscle mass index ⩽7.0 kg/m2 in men and ⩽5.7 kg/m2 in women. A 1-year radiographic progression as primary outcome was defined by a change in the total Sharp/van der Heijde modified score ⩾0.5 units. Results: Among 348 recruited patients, 315 RA patients (mean age 47.9 years, 84.4% female) completed 1-year follow up. There were 143 (45.4%) RA patients showing myopenia at baseline. Compared with those without baseline myopenia, RA patients with baseline myopenia had higher rate of 1-year radiographic progression (43.4% versus 21.5%, all p < 0.05). Baseline myopenia was an independent risk factor for 1-year radiographic progression with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 2.5-fold, especially among RA patients in remission at baseline both defined by Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) including C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP) or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) with AOR of 18.5~42.9-fold. Further analysis of six subtypes of dynamic skeletal muscle change showed that newly acquired myopenia at endpoint was associated with radiographic progression (AOR of 5.4-fold). Conclusions: Reduced skeletal muscle is an independent predicting factor for 1-year aggravated joint destruction, especially in remission RA. The importance of dynamic monitoring of skeletal muscle and muscle improvement therapy are worth exploration.
Patients With Diabetes Using a New Glucose Meter With Blood Sugar Mentor and Dynamic Color Range Indicator Features Show Improved Interpretation and Willingness to Act on Blood Glucose Results (ASCEND Study)
Authors: Grady Mike , Cameron Hilary , Katz Laurence B. 
Published: August 2020

Background We examined whether dynamic color range indicator (DCRI) and blood sugar mentor (BSM) features in a new blood glucose meter could improve interpretation of results and encourage patient action. Methods One hundred and thirty three people with type 2 (T2D) ( n = 73) or type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( n = 60) evaluated information first without and then with DCRI or BSM guidance using interactive exercises. Results Subjects improved their ability to categorize results into low, in range, or high glycemic ranges by 29% (T2D) and 22% (T1D) (each P < .001). There was significantly greater willingness to act on high and low results shown with DCRI or BSM screens. Subjects also expressed a high degree of satisfaction with these features. Conclusions Use of DCRI and BSM in this meter may help patients improve their diabetes management decisions.
Renal salvage using stent graft placement after acute renal artery occlusion with prolonged ischemic time
Authors: Gao Yue , Miserlis Dimitrios , Longo G Matthew , Garg Nitin 
Published: August 2020

Purpose To describe a patient with acute renal artery occlusion who underwent successful revascularization procedure after experiencing a protracted ischemic period, which resulted in successful retrieval of renal function. Case report A 58-year-old male with a history of left renal artery stenosis and stent graft placement presented with symptoms of chest pain, shortness of breath, and flank pain. The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit with the diagnosis of multiorgan failure and subsequent anuria that led to the initiation of hemodialysis. Computed tomography angiography demonstrated an aortic occlusion along with bilateral proximal renal artery occlusion with reconstitution of the mid to distal renal arteries via collateralization. The patient underwent angioplasty with bilateral renal artery stent-graft placement and successful revascularization of proximal renal arteries. Post-operatively, his renal function and urine output improved, and the patient was able to be weaned off hemodialysis along with the benefit of concurrent amelioration of his renovascular hypertension. Conclusion For select patients with renal artery occlusion, revascularization of the renal arteries may result in dialysis independence and stabilization of renovascular hypertension, despite prolonged time of ischemia.
Inner nuclear layer and olfactory threshold are interlinked and reflect inflammatory activity in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Bsteh Gabriel , Hegen Harald , Altmann Patrick , Berek Klaus , Auer Michael , Zinganell Anne , Di Pauli Franziska , Rommer Paulus , Leutmezer Fritz , Deisenhammer Florian , Berger Thomas 
Published: August 2020

Background Retinal inner nuclear layer (INL) and olfactory threshold (OT) are associated with inflammatory activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective The study aims to investigate (a) whether there is an association of INL and OT in MS and (b) if changes in INL and OT follow a time pattern in relation to MS relapse. Methods We assessed INL by optical coherence tomography and OT by Sniffin’ Sticks in three different cohorts: a cross-sectional MS cohort ( n = 260), a longitudinal, 3-year cohort of MS ( n = 141) and healthy controls ( n = 30), and a longitudinal, 24-weeks cohort with acute MS relapse ( n = 28) and stable MS controls ( n = 27). Results Cross-sectionally, INL and OT were strongly correlated with number but not localization of relapse in the previous 12 months and INL correlated with OT. Longitudinally, INL was thicker and OT score was lower short term in times of relapse activity, but not long term and independent of relapse localization. In acute MS relapse, INL and OT were altered compared with stable MS, again, independent of relapse localization resolving over 12–24 weeks with faster approximation to stable MS after escalation of disease-modifying treatment. Conclusions INL and OT are interlinked markers of short-term inflammatory activity, following a nearly congruent time pattern and independent of relapse localization, possibly reflecting a proinflammatory state within the central nervous system.
A Study on Challenges to Health Care Delivery Faced by Cancer Patients in India During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mitra Manasij , Basu Maitraye 
Published: August 2020

Introduction Access to health care and care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic may be challenging for cancer patients. Several guidelines have been developed, which recommend treatment adjustments depending on the site of cancer, grade, and stage. However, few studies in India and across the globe have looked into the real challenges faced by cancer patients and assessed the effectiveness of the adopted interventions. This study was undertaken with the objective to study the challenges faced by cancer patients in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study undertaken between May 1, 2020 and May 15, 2020. A link to a prestructured questionnaire was sent through email to 100 randomly selected cancer patients in different stages of treatment and follow-up. Data were decoded and entered in Microsoft Excel 2010 and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Slot availability for teleconsultation, network issues, deferral of radiotherapy dates and long waiting hours beyond appointment time, transportation problems from residence to hospital, restriction of visitors/attendants, deferral of surgery, deferral of tumor boards, delay and deferral of advice of the nutritionist, problems faced in extension of visa, unavailability of peer group support services and psychological counseling sessions, difficulty in maintaining precautionary measures, availability of chemotherapy medications and availability of chemotherapy slots in day care were cited as problems faced by cancer patients. Majority (91.7%) of the study respondents mentioned an increase in their anxiety levels. Conclusion As highlighted in the study, cancer patients faced challenges in cancer care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study suggests the need for larger studies on cancer patient care during a pandemic.
Delayed Sequelae Related to Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Children
Authors: Chendrasekhar Akella , Kuczabski Brandon , Cohen Douglas , Grageda Melissa , Genovese-Scullin Daniel , Patwari Jakey , Harris Loren 
Published: August 2020

Delayed sequelae from mild traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Score at admission >13, TBI) has been documented in case reports however larger studies of these effects are sparse. We undertook a telephone based survey to assess the long term sequelae of TBI. We tracked 100 pediatric TBI patients via our trauma registry for demographic data including age, injury severity, and mechanism of injury. Then we proceeded to contact these patient’s parents via telephone. We asked regarding residual symptoms and signs of concussive injury. Duration out from initial concussive injury ranged from 4 to 68 months. The parents of 66 boys and 34 girls were surveyed. The age of the patients at the time of mild TBI ranged from 1 to 14 years. The injury severity score ranged from 1 to 21. One being the most common Injury severity score. Thirty-three percent of patients had residual effects of concussion at the time of telephone survey. Fourteen percent had memory loss issues, 21% had anxiety/depression issues, 20% had learning disability issues, and 15% had sleep disturbance issues. Duration of time post concussive injury, mechanism, and age did not influence incidence of sequelae. Mild traumatic brain injury has significant long term sequelae. Better identifying characteristics are needed to characterize patients susceptible to long term residual effects of concussion.
The Effect of in-Service Methodology on Learning Transfer for School Personnel Managing Students following Concussion
Authors: Parent-Nichols Jennifer , Mousseau Angela DeSilva , Cleland Joshua , Lichtenstein Jonathan D. , Maerlender Arthur 
Published: August 2020

Background It is essential to increase the knowledge base of teachers involved in facilitating return to learning in middle school students following a concussion. However, the best method to enhance the transfer of learning for teachers remains to be elucidated. Application of Adult Learning Theory (ALT) is a plausible solution to this problem. Purpose The purpose of this randomized post-test study was to examine the effects of ALT on the transfer of learning in teachers who work with individuals with concussion. Methods A convenience sample of 169 teachers at four middle schools were randomized to receive an in-service regarding concussion management either in ALT or traditional lecture format. Vignettes approximating classroom practice evaluated learning transfer. Results one-way between subjects ANOVA revealed no significant difference between the methods of educational delivery on group assessment scores (p = .22). Additionally, a regression analysis did not identify any demographic variables that predicted learning transfer (p = .65). A statistically significant difference existed for four questions (1, 4, 7, 25) between the groups (p = .03, .02, .01, .00, respectively). These vignettes were those that assessed information that was likely novel to the learner. Discussion The current study demonstrated that ALT applied to teacher in-service did not impact transfer of learning immediately post training compared to a traditional lecture format. Future research should continue to examine the effects of various educational strategies to enhance learning transfer for teachers managing students in the classroom after concussion.
Impact of donor age and kinship on clinical outcomes after T-cell–replete haploidentical transplantation with PT-Cy
Authors: Mariotti Jacopo , Raiola Anna Maria , Evangelista Andrea , Carella Angelo Michele , Martino Massimo , Patriarca Francesca , Risitano Antonio , Bramanti Stefania , Busca Alessandro , Giaccone Luisa , Brunello Lucia , Merla Emanuela , Savino Lucia , Loteta Barbara , Console Giuseppe , Fanin Renato , Sperotto Alessandra , Marano Luana , Marotta Serena , Frieri Camilla , Sica Simona , Chiusolo Patrizia , Harbi Samia , Furst Sabine , Santoro Armando , Bacigalupo Andrea , Blaise Didier , Angelucci Emanuele , Mavilio Domenico , Castagna Luca , Bruno Benedetto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Donor selection contributes to improve clinical outcomes of T-cell–replete haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) with posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy). The impact of donor age and other non-HLA donor characteristics remains a matter of debate. We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis on 990 haplo-SCTs with PT-Cy. By multivariable analysis, after adjusting for donor/recipient kinship, increasing donor age and peripheral blood stem cell graft were associated with a higher risk of grade 2 to 4 acute graft-versus-host-disease (aGVHD), whereas 2-year cumulative incidence of moderate-to-severe chronic GVHD was higher for transplants from female donors into male recipients and after myeloablative conditioning. Increasing donor age was associated with a trend for higher nonrelapse mortality (NRM) (hazard ratio [HR], 1.05; P = .057) but with a significant reduced risk of disease relapse (HR, 0.92; P = .001) and improved progression-free survival (PFS) (HR, 0.97; P = .036). Increasing recipient age was a predictor of worse overall survival (OS). Risk of relapse was higher (HR, 1.39; P &lt; .001) in patients aged ≤40 years receiving a transplant from a parent as compared with a sibling. Moreover, OS and PFS were lower when the donor was the mother rather than the father. Pretransplant active disease status was an invariably independent predictor of worse clinical outcomes, while recipient positive cytomegalovirus serostatus and hematopoietic cell transplant comorbidity index &gt;3 were associated with worse OS and PFS. Our results suggest that younger donors may reduce the incidence of aGVHD and NRM, though at higher risk of relapse. A parent donor, particularly the mother, is not recommended in recipients ≤40 years.
Forced expression of miR-143 and -145 in cardiomyocytes induces cardiomyopathy with a reductive redox shift
Authors: Ogawa Kota , Noda Akiko , Ueda Jun , Ogata Takehiro , Matsuyama Rumiko , Nishizawa Yuji , Qiao Shanlou , Iwata Satoru , Ito Morihiro , Fujihara Yoshitaka , Ichihara Masatoshi , Adachi Koichi , Takaoka Yuji , Iwamoto Takashi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Animal model studies show that reductive stress is involved in cardiomyopathy and myopathy, but the exact physiological relevance remains unknown. In addition, the microRNAs miR-143 and miR-145 have been shown to be upregulated in cardiac diseases, but the underlying mechanisms associated with these regulators have yet to be explored.

Methods
We developed transgenic mouse lines expressing exogenous miR-143 and miR-145 under the control of the alpha-myosin heavy chain (αMHC) promoter/enhancer.

Results
The two transgenic lines showed dilated cardiomyopathy-like characteristics and early lethality with markedly increased expression of miR-143. The expression of hexokinase 2 (HK2), a cardioprotective gene that is a target of miR-143, was strongly suppressed in the transgenic hearts, but the in vitro HK activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content were comparable to those observed in wild-type mice. In addition, transgenic complementation of HK2 expression did not reduce mortality rates. Although HK2 is crucial for the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and glycolysis, the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) was unexpectedly higher in the hearts of transgenic mice. The expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase heavy subunit (γ-GCSc) and the in vitro activity of glutathione reductase (GR) were also higher, suggesting that the recycling of GSH and its de novo biosynthesis were augmented in transgenic hearts. Furthermore, the expression levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD, a rate-limiting enzyme for the PPP) and p62/SQSTM1 (a potent inducer of glycolysis and glutathione production) were elevated, while p62/SQSTM1 was upregulated at the mRNA level rather than as a result of autophagy inhibition. Consistent with this observation, nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α) were activated, all of which are known to induce p62/SQSTM1 expression.

Conclusions
Overexpression of miR-143 and miR-145 leads to a unique dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype with a reductive redox shift despite marked downregulation of HK2 expression. Reductive stress may be involved in a wider range of cardiomyopathies than previously thought.
Kinetics and Specificity of HEK293T Extracellular Vesicle Uptake using Imaging Flow Cytometry
Authors: Jurgielewicz Brian J. , Yao Yao , Stice Steven L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized lipid bilayer-bound vesicles that are naturally secreted from most cell types as a communication mechanism to deliver proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Despite the therapeutic potential of EVs, there is limited information on EV uptake kinetics and specificity. Here, we optimized an imaging flow cytometry (IFC)-based platform to quantitatively assess dose, time, and recipient cell specificity effects on human embryonic kidney cell (HEK293T) EV internalization in a high-throughput manner. We found that HEK293T EV uptake is an active process that is dose and time dependent. Further, the selectivity of EV uptake was quantified in vitro, and we found that HEK293T EVs were internalized at higher quantities by cells of the same origin. Lastly, neural stem cells internalized significantly more HEK293T EVs relative to mature neurons, suggesting that stem cells or progenitors, which are more metabolically active than terminally differentiated cells, may have higher rates of active EV internalization. The characterization of EV uptake, notably specificity, dose and time dependence, and kinetic assays will help inform and develop targeted and efficient EV-based therapeutics.
Investigation of mechanisms underlying chaotic genetic patchiness in the intertidal marbled crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Brachyura: Grapsidae) across the Ligurian Sea
Authors: Iannucci A. , Cannicci S. , Caliani I. , Baratti M. , Pretti C. , Fratini S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Studies on marine community dynamics and population structures are limited by the lack of exhaustive knowledge on the larval dispersal component of connectivity. Genetic data represents a powerful tool in understanding such processes in the marine realm. When dealing with dispersion and connectivity in marine ecosystems, many evidences show patterns of genetic structure that cannot be explained by any clear geographic trend and may show temporal instability. This scenario is usually referred to as chaotic genetic patchiness, whose driving mechanisms are recognized to be selection, temporal shifts in local population dynamics, sweepstakes reproductive success and collective dispersal.
In this study we focused on the marbled crab Pachygrapsus marmoratus that inhabits the rocky shores of the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea and East Atlantic Ocean, and disperses through planktonic larvae for about 1 month. P. marmoratus exhibits unexpectedly low connectivity levels at local scale, although well-defined phylogeographic patterns across the species’ distribution range were described. This has been explained as an effect of subtle geographic barriers or due to sweepstake reproductive success. In order to verify a chaotic genetic patchiness scenario, and to explore mechanisms underlying it, we planned our investigation within the Ligurian Sea, an isolated basin of the western Mediterranean Sea, and we genotyped 321 individuals at 11 microsatellite loci.

Results
We recorded genetic heterogeneity among our Ligurian Sea samples with the occurrence of genetic clusters not matching the original populations and a slight inter-population divergence, with the geographically most distant populations being the genetically most similar ones. Moreover, individuals from each site were assigned to all the genetic clusters. We also recorded evidences of self-recruitment and a higher than expected within-site kinship.

Conclusions
Overall, our results suggest that the chaotic genetic patchiness we found in P. marmoratus Ligurian Sea populations is the result of a combination of differences in reproductive success, en masse larval dispersion and local larval retention. This study defines P. marmoratus as an example of marine spawner whose genetic pool is not homogenous at population level, but rather split in a chaotic mosaic of slightly differentiated genetic patches derived from complex and dynamic ecological processes.
Third-generation sequencing found LncRNA associated with heat shock protein response to heat stress in Populus qiongdaoensis seedlings
Authors: Xu Jiahong , Zheng Yao , Pu Shouqin , Zhang Xiujie , Li Zhihao , Chen Jinhui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
As air temperatures increase globally, more and more plants are exposed to heat-stress conditions. Although many studies have explored regulation networks in plants with the aim of improving their heat-stress tolerance, only few have revealed them in trees. Here, individuals of Populus qiongdaoensis seedlings, which grows naturally in tropical areas, exposed to heat at 40 °C and the non-coding regulation networks were explored using the PacBio RSII and the Illumina sequencing platform.

Results
In total, we obtained 88,161 full-length transcripts representing 39,343 genes using 5,498,988 long reads and 350,026,252 clean reads, and also 216 microRNAs (miRNAs) via 95,794,107 reads. We then identified 928 putative long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), consisting of 828 sense lncRNAs (89.22%), 34 long intergenic non-coding RNAs (3.66%), 16 antisense (1.72%), and 50 sense intronic lncRNAs (5.39%). Under the dual criteria of |log2fold-change| ≥ 1 and P-value < 0.05, 1690 genes, 25 lncRNAs, and 15 miRNAs were found differentially expressed under the heat stress treatment. Furthermore, 563 and 595 mRNAs were detected as target genes of 14 differently expressed miRNAs and 26 differentially expressed lncRNAs. Functional annotation analysis of these target genes demonstrated they were related to cell membrane stability, plant hormone signal transduction, antioxidation, and aldarate metabolism. Lastly, we uncovered a key interaction network of lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs that consisted of miR1444d, miR482a.1, miR530a, lncHSP18.2, HSP18.1, and HSP18.2. Expression level analysis showed that miRNAs in the network were up-regulated, while mRNAs and lncRNA were down-regulated, and also found that lncHSP18.2 may cis-regulate HSP18.2.

Conclusions
Functional enrichment analysis of target genes of miRNAs and lncRNAs indicated that miRNAs and lncRNAs play an important role in the response to heat stress P. qiongdaoensis. Lastly, by investigating the miRNA–lncRNA–mRNA network of this species, we revealed that miRNAs may negatively regulate both lncRNAs and mRNAs in tree responses to heat stress, and found that lncHSP18.2 may cis-regulate HSP18.2.