bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial peptide CAMA‐syn expressed in pulmonary epithelium by recombination adenovirus inhibited the growth of intracellular bacteria
Authors: Yue Shuohao , Jie Jing , Xie Lilan , Li Yi , Zhang Junlin , Lai Xiaojing , Xie Jumin , Guo Xiaohong , Zhai Yi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntracellular bacteria, especially Mycobacterium tuberculosis, are important pathogenic microorganisms that endanger human health. Purified and synthesized cecropin A‐magainin 2 (CAMA‐syn) can exhibit a higher antibacterial activity and lower cytotoxicity. To enhance such antimicrobial potential, it would be desirable to deliver CAMA‐syn expressed in lung epithelial cells by an adenovirus vector using gene therapy.MethodsA549 cells in vitro and lung epithelial cells in vivo were used to express CAMA‐syn by transducing recombinant adenovirus Ad‐SPC‐CAMA/GFP, and the expression of CAMA‐syn was determined by a reverse transcriptase‐polymerase reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunofluorescence. The antimicrobial activity in cells was investigated by colony‐forming rate and growth curve. Forty Kunming mice of a Bacillus Calmette‐Guerin (BCG) infection animal model were randomly divided into three groups: adenoviruses delivery of Ad‐SPC‐CAMA/GFP, Ad‐CMV‐CAMA/GFP and empty‐virus Ad‐CMV‐GFP. The expression of CAMA‐syn in mice was confirmed by RT‐PCR and immunofluorescence. After tracheal injection of adenoviral vector for 3 days, lungs from the mouse model were extracted and homogenized for detection of colony‐forming efficiency.ResultsCAMA‐syn expressed in lung epithelial cells A549 conferred antimicrobial activity against a series of bacteria, including Salmonella abortusovis and BCG. The results obtained in vivo showed that the colony‐forming rate of Ad‐SPC‐CAMA/GFP (74.54%) and Ad‐CMV‐CAMA/GFP (62.31%) transduced into mice was significantly lower than that of the control group.ConclusionsLung epithelial‐specific expression of antimicrobial peptide CAMA‐syn mediated by adenovirus suppressed the growth of intracellular bacteria, providing a promising approach for the control of refractory intracellular infection.
Texture Analysis of High b‐Value Diffusion‐Weighted Imaging for Evaluating Consistency of Pituitary Macroadenomas
Authors: Su Chun‐Qiu , Zhang Xuan , Pan Ting , Chen Xiao‐Tian , Chen Wen , Duan Shao‐Feng , Ji Jing , Hu Wei‐Xing , Lu Shan‐Shan , Hong Xun‐Ning 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundPreoperative evaluation of the consistency of pituitary macroadenomas is important for neurosurgeons to prepare the surgical plan.PurposeTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of texture analysis (TA) of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) at a standard b‐value (b = 1000 s/mm2) and a high b‐value (b = 2000 s/mm2) for their ability to assess the tumor consistency of pituitary macroadenomas.Study TypeRetrospective.Population/SubjectsFifty patients with histologically confirmed pituitary macroadenomas were classified as soft (n = 37) or hard (n = 13) types.Field Strength/SequenceCoronal T2‐weighted imaging (T2WI), Readout Segmentation of Long Variable Echo‐trains (RESOLVE) DWI at b = 1000 s/mm2 and b = 2000 s/mm2 were acquired with 3.0T MRI.AssessmentThe corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps (ADC1000 and ADC2000) were registered to T2WI. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually drawn along the solid part of the tumor from the coregistered T2WI‐ADC images. The texture parameters from T2WI, ADC1000, and ADC2000 were acquired.Statistical TestsThe texture parameters were compared between the two types by using unpaired Student's t‐test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression analyses were used to assess their diagnostic performance.ResultsSignificant differences in TA parameters of ADC1000 and ADC2000 were observed between soft and hard types (P &lt; 0.05 for all), whereas the TA of T2WI resulted in no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05 for all). TA of ADC2000 provided a superior diagnostic performance compared with that of ADC1000 (P = 0.038). A combination of mean value and entropy of ADC2000 yielded an AUC, a sensitivity, and a specificity of 0.911, 78.4% and 92.3%, respectively.Data ConclusionTA of ADC values were useful for assessing the tumor consistency of pituitary macroadenomas. ADC2000 may facilitate better type discrimination.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1507–1513.
Evaluation of pull‐off strength and seating displacement of sleeved ceramic revision heads in modular hip arthroplasty
Authors: Chaudhary Miriam , Boruah Sourabh , Muratoglu Orhun K. , Varadarajan Kartik M. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTCorrosion in revision total hip arthroplasty can be mitigated using a ceramic head on a well‐fixed in situ stem, but concerns of their early failure because of any surface defects on in situ stem necessitates the use of a titanium sleeve, which furnishes a factory‐finish surface. These sleeves are manufactured in different sizes allowing neck‐length adjustment. The strength of the taper junction of non‐sleeved primary heads is well‐investigated, but the influence of an interposed titanium sleeve on achieving a secure taper lock is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the pull‐off strength and seating displacement of revision ceramic heads and titanium taper sleeves. Two different head diameters and two different taper adapter sleeve offset lengths were mated with trunnions at two different impaction forces. The seating displacement and pull‐off force was recorded for each specimen. Profilometry of the grooved outer surfaces of the sleeve and trunnion was done before and after testing to analyze the change in surface roughness. The influence of head diameter, sleeve offset, and impaction force on seating displacement and pull‐off force was analyzed using analysis of covariance. Pull‐off forces for 6 kN assembly force were approximately three times those for 2 kN. The head diameter did not have a significant effect on the measured parameters. Compared with short offset length sleeves, extra‐long increased seating displacement by 31% and reduced pull‐off forces by 15%. While sleeves of different offset lengths permit control of neck length, surgeons must be careful of the impact of this choice on the stability of implant. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:1523–1528, 2020
Analytical strategies for chemical characterization of bio‐oil
Authors: Wang Yinghao , Han Yehua , Hu Wenya , Fu Dali , Wang Gang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBio‐oils, produced by biomass pyrolysis, have become promising candidates for feedstocks of high value‐added chemicals and alternative sources for transportation fuels. Bio‐oil is such a complicated mixture that contains nonpolar hydrocarbons and polar components which cover almost all kinds of organic oxygenated compounds such as carboxylic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, furfurals, phenolic compounds, sugar‐like material, and lignin‐derived compounds. Comprehensive characterization of bio‐oil and its subfractions could provide insight into the conversion process of biomass processing, as well as its further utilization as transportation fuels or chemical raw materials. This review focuses on advanced analytical strategies on in‐depth characterization of bio‐oil, which is concerned with gas chromatography, high‐resolution mass spectrometry, FTIR spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy, offering complementary information for previous reviews.
Interdisciplinary integration of nursing and psychiatry (INaP) for the treatment of dizziness
Authors: Gerretsen Philip , Shah Parita , Logotheti Anastasia , Attia Mohamed , Balakumar Thushanthi , Sulway Shaleen , Ranalli Paul , Dillon Wanda A. , Pothier David D. , Rutka John A. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe traditional medical care model of “assess and refer” requires revamping to address the multifaceted needs of patients with chronic dizziness and imbalance by adopting an interdisciplinary approach to care that integrates nursing and psychiatry (INaP). We aim to present a novel interdisciplinary approach that incorporates INaP in the care of patients with chronic dizziness and imbalance.MethodsPresentation of an interdisciplinary model of care that incorporates INaP provided at the Toronto General Hospital in Toronto, Canada.ResultsInterdisciplinary care incorporating INaP, which includes the provision of support from an interdisciplinary health care team (ie, neurotologist, neurologist, psychiatrist, physiotherapist, and nurse clinician), psychoeducation about the interaction between chronic dizziness and psychiatric comorbidities, and ongoing access to medical and psychosocial assessment and intervention, addresses the physical and emotional aspects of patients’ experience with chronic dizziness.ConclusionsThe novel comprehensive interdisciplinary approach incorporating INaP may be more effective than interdisciplinary care without INaP in improving clinical outcomes in patients with chronic dizziness. In the subsequent study, we present data comparing patients treated for chronic dizziness and imbalance with and without the integration of INaP in an interdisciplinary setting.Level of Evidence5 Laryngoscope, 130:1792–1799, 2020
Interdisciplinary integration of nursing and psychiatry (INaP) improves dizziness‐related disability
Authors: Gerretsen Philip , Shah Parita , Logotheti Anastasia , Attia Mohamed , Balakumar Thushanthi , Sulway Shaleen , Ranalli Paul , Dillon Wanda A. , Pothier David D. , Rutka John A. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives/HypothesisThe traditional medical care model of “assess and refer” in a sequential fashion fails to recognize the complexities that arise due to overlapping physical and psychiatric comorbidities experienced by patients with chronic dizziness or imbalance, thus resulting in inadequate treatment outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a novel interdisciplinary approach to care that integrates nursing and psychiatry (INaP) on dizziness‐related disability.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsWe compared the change in clinical assessment scores (i.e., Dizziness Handicap Inventory [DHI], Dizziness Catastrophizing Scale) at approximately 8 months follow‐up between those who did (INaP+) and did not receive INaP (INaP−). Data from 229 patients with dizziness or imbalance referred to an interdisciplinary neurotology clinic in Toronto, Ontario, Canada were acquired from August 2012 to December 2016 and January 2011 to December 2013 for the INaP+ and INaP− groups, respectively.ResultsA mean group difference in the percentage change in DHI scores was found, with greater reductions in dizziness‐related disability in the INaP+ group (n = 121) versus the INaP− group (n = 108). This remained significant after controlling for age, gender, baseline illness severity, and duration between baseline and follow‐up visits.ConclusionsThe novel interdisciplinary approach of incorporating INaP appears to be more effective than interdisciplinary care without INaP in reducing dizziness‐related disability in patients with chronic dizziness or imbalance. Clinical settings should consider the addition of INaP to achieve better patient outcomes. Future studies are required to test the hypothesis that INaP is more efficient and cost‐effective than the traditional model of care.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 130:1800–1804, 2020
Double Hydrophilic Poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐Poly(dehydroalanine) Block Copolymers: Comparison of Two Different Synthetic Routes
Authors: Max Johannes B. , Mons Peter J. , Tom Jessica C. , Schacher Felix H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo different synthetic pathways give access to the amphiphilic block copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐poly(tert‐butoxycarbonylaminomethylacrylate). In the first approach, two end‐functionalized segments are linked via click chemistry; and in the second approach, a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based macroinitiator is chain extended via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). In both cases the linking unit consists of an amide group, which is necessary to effectively deprotect the corresponding polymer precursor without cleavage of both segments. For this, amide‐containing ATRP initiators are employed and successful synthesis by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analyses before comparing both pathways is demonstrated. After deprotection, a novel double hydrophilic block copolymer, poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐poly(dehydroalanine), is obtained, which is investigated using SEC (aqueous and DMSO) and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy. Containing a potentially zwitterionic PDha segment and a high density of both amino and carboxylic groups, pH‐dependent aggregation of the block copolymer is expected and is studied using dynamic light scattering, revealing interesting solution properties. The corresponding polymers are applied in various areas including drug delivery systems or in biomineralization.
Biofilm formation and prevalence of adhesion genes among Staphylococcus aureus isolates from different food sources
Authors: Chen Qi , Xie Sangma , Lou Xiuqin , Cheng Shi , Liu Xiaodong , Zheng Wei , Zheng Zhibei , Wang Haoqiu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo assess biofilm formation ability and identify differences in the prevalence of genes involved in biofilm formation among Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different food samples, the ability of biofilm formation among 97 S. aureus strains was evaluated using a colorimetric microtiter plate assay. Thirteen genes encoding microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules, and the intracellular adhesion genes were detected by PCR using specific primers. Approximately 72% of the isolates produced biofilms. Among these isolates, 54.64% were weak biofilm producers, while 14.43% and 3.09% produced moderate and strong biofilms, respectively. The icaADBC, clfA/B, cidA, and fib genes were detected in all the S. aureus strains, whereas the bap gene was not present in any of the strains. The occurrence of other adhesin genes varied greatly between biofilm‐producing and nonbiofilm‐producing strains. However, a significant difference was observed between these two groups with respect to the fnbpB, cna, ebps, and sdrC genes. No obvious evidence was found to support the link between PFGE strain typing and the capacity for biofilm formation. Considerable variation in biofilm formation ability was observed among S. aureus strains isolated from food samples. The prevalence of adhesin‐encoding genes also varied greatly within strains. This study highlights the importance of biofilm formation and the adhesins of S. aureus strains in food samples.
A miniaturized high selectivity band‐pass filter using a dual‐mode patch resonator with two pairs of slots
Authors: Zhao Fang‐Li , Weng Min‐Hang , Tsai Chin‐Yi , Yang Ru‐Yuan , Lai Hong‐Zheng , Liu Shih‐Kun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article proposes a design of miniaturized high selectivity band‐pass filter by using a dual‐mode patch resonator with two pairs of uniform slots set in the four corners. The effect of the pairs of the slots on the resonant modes of the square patch resonator is investigated first. For filter design, the slots set in the four corners of the patch resonator are provided as the perturbation elements to tune the resonant modes and thus form the filter response. The pairs of the slots reduce the fundamental resonant frequency and thus miniaturize the filter size. The designed filter is simulated and measured at 1.95 GHz for the fifth generation applications with narrow bandwidth. High band selectivity is obtained due to the creation of transmission zeros near the passband edges. The filter performances are measured by network analyzer and the results are discussed.
Structural variation in the glycogen synthase kinase 3β and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor genes in Japanese patients with bipolar disorders
Authors: Suga Yosuke , Yoshimoto Keiichiro , Numata Shusuke , Shimodera Shinji , Takamura Shogo , Kamimura Naoto , Sawada Ken , Kazui Hiromitsu , Ohmori Tetsuro , Morinobu Shigeru 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundLithium is the first‐line drug for the treatment of bipolar disorders (BDs); however, not all patients responded. Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) play a role in the therapeutic action of lithium. Since structural variations were reported in these genes, it is possible that these genomic variations may be involved in the therapeutic responses to lithium.MethodFifty patients with BDs and 50 healthy subjects (mean age 55.0 ± 15.0 years; M/F 19/31) participated. We examined structural variation of the GSK3β and BDNF genes by real‐time PCR. We examined the influence of structural variation of these genes on the therapeutic responses to lithium and the occurrence of antidepressant‐emergent affective switch (AEAS). The efficacy of lithium was assessed using the Alda scale, and AEAS was evaluated using Young Mania Rating Scale.ResultsAlthough we examined structural variations within intron II and VII of the GSK3® gene and from the end of exon IV to intron IV and within exon IX of the BDNF gene, no structural variation was found in BDs. Whereas 5 of 50 patients exhibited three copies of the genomic region within exon IV of the BDNF gene, all healthy subjects had two copies. No difference in the therapeutic efficacy of lithium was found between patients with three and two copies. No difference in the occurrence of AEAS was found between the two groups.ConclusionThe amplification of the BDNF gene influenced neither the therapeutic responses to lithium nor the occurrence of AEAS.
A preliminary application of intraoral Doppler ultrasound images to deep learning techniques for predicting late cervical lymph node metastasis in early tongue cancers
Authors: Ariji Yoshiko , Fukuda Motoki , Kise Yoshitaka , Nozawa Michihito , Nagao Toru , Nakayama Atsushi , Sugita Yoshihiko , Katumata Akitoshi , Ariji Eiichiro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsVarious factors, including depth of invasion (DOI) and hemodynamics have been linked with the prediction of late cervical lymph nodes metastasis in patients with early tongue cancers. The objective of this study was to examine the deep learning performance of the intraoral Doppler ultrasound images for predicting the late cervical metastasis, by comparing DOI.MethodsThirty‐three patients with early squamous cell tongue carcinomas were divided into two groups: 12 with late cervical metastasis, and 21 without metastasis. Intraoral Doppler ultrasound images of all subjects were cropped to 400 × 400 pixel squares, and 80% were used for a training dataset, and 20% were used for a testing dataset. The training dataset was imported into the DIGITS deep learning training system, the learning process for 300 epochs was performed using AlexNet neural network, and the resultant learning model was created. The testing dataset was applied to the model to evaluate the performance for distinguishing between the two groups.ResultsUse of intraoral Doppler ultrasound images for predicting the late cervical metastasis achieved deep learning performances of 0.883 for the area under the ROC curve (AUC), 85.9% for accuracy, and 84.0% for sensitivity. On the other hand, the corresponding performances of DOI were 0.873, 84.8%, and 75.0%, using a DOI threshold of 5.6 mm.ConclusionOur findings suggested that the performance of a deep learning system using intraoral Doppler ultrasound images of early tongue cancers to predict late cervical metastasis was sufficiently high, suggesting possible applications in imaging diagnosis support.
A difficult‐to‐diagnose case of extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type, primary to maxillary gingival ulcers that developed after living‐donor liver transplantation
Authors: Kawakami Hiroshi , Yonenaga Kazumichi , Suenaga Hideyuki , Abe Masanobu , Takato Tsuyoshi , Hoshi Kazuto 
Published: November 2019

AbstractExtranodal nasal‐type NK/T‐cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a hematopoietic malignancy that is rare in the oral cavity. We report a case of a 62‐year‐old woman who developed ENKTL after undergoing living‐donor liver transplantation at the age of 53 years. She had a history of hepatitis C‐related liver cirrhosis. After being diagnosed with necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, she received antibiotic therapy; however, it was ineffective. Clinical findings suggested a neoplastic disease and necessitated a gingival biopsy. A definitive diagnosis of ENKTL was made based on the immunohistochemical analysis. She achieved a complete clinical response after two courses of SMILE chemotherapy.
Maternal obesity and intrapartum obstetric complications among pregnant women: Retrospective cohort analysis from medical birth registry in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Mwanamsangu Amasha H. , Mahande Michael J. , Mazuguni Festo S. , Bishanga Dunstan R. , Mazuguni Nickolas , Msuya Sia E. , Mosha Dominic 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackgroundIn the last decade, Tanzania has observed a dramatic increase in overweight and obesity among women of childbearing age, a demographic shift that has been associated with intrapartum obstetric complications in high‐income countries. Similar increases in maternal morbidity including postpartum haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and rates of caesarean delivery have not yet documented in Tanzania. This analysis describes intrapartum obstetric complications associated with maternal obesity among pregnant women delivering at teaching hospital in Northern Tanzania.MethodsA retrospective cohort analysis was conducted using the hospital's antenatal care (ANC) and birth registries from 2000 to 2015. The World Health Organization (WHO) body mass index (BMI) categories were applied to classify BMI status of pregnant women within 16 weeks of gestational age at their first ANC visit. Relative risk (RR) of obstetric complications with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable log‐binomial regression, adjusting for clustering effect for the correlation between multiple deliveries of the same woman.ResultsAmong 11 873 women who delivered babies in the hospital during the study period, 3139 (26.5%) fit the definition of overweight and 1464 (12.3%) women with obesity. Compared with women with normal weight, women with obesity were at over 2.6 times at risks of experiencing pre‐eclampsia/eclampsia (RR: 2.66; 95% CI, 2.08‐3.40), pregnancy‐induced hypertension (RR 2.13; 95% CI, 1.26‐3.62), and postpartum haemorrhage (RR 1.22; 95% CI, 1.00‐1.49). Additionally, women with obesity had also higher risk of either elective (RR 2.40; 95% CI, 1.88‐3.06) or emergency (RR: 1.53; 95% CI, 1.34‐1.75) caesarean delivery.ConclusionMaternal obesity is an emerging health problem in Tanzania. This study clearly demonstrates an association between increased risk of intrapartum complications and obesity. A review of guidelines around ANC screening and intrapartum care practices considering BMI, as well as appropriate messages for women with obesity, should be considered to improve maternal and newborn outcomes.