bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between physical activity and conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia
Authors: Kim Yeo Jin , Han Kyung-Do , Baek Min Seok , Cho Hanna , Lee Eun Joo , Lyoo Chul Hyoung 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Physical activity has been suggested to prevent the conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia in patients. We investigated the association between the continuance and regularity of physical activity and the risk of developing dementia in patients with MCI.

Methods
We analyzed 6-year followed up data for 247,149 individuals in the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) cohort of Korea who were enrolled between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2015. The patients were divided into four groups: those who did not engage in physical activity consistently (Never-PA group), those who initiated physical activity (Initiation-PA group), those who ceased physical activity (Withdrawal-PA group), and those who performed physical activity consistently (Maintenance-PA group). We also divided the patients into two groups: those who engaged in physical activity irregularly (Irregular-PA) and those who undertook physical activity regularly (Regular-PA).

Results
When the risk for the Never-PA group was set as the benchmark (ref = 1), the Maintenance-PA group had the lowest incidence of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) compared to the other groups (HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.79–0.86). The DAT risk of the Initiation-PA group (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.85–0.93) was lower than the Never-PA group. In addition, compared to the Irregular-PA group, the Regular-PA group had a 15% reduced risk for developing DAT.

Conclusions
Although no causal inference could be made, continued regular physical activity in patients with MCI is associated with a protective effect against developing DAT. Moreover, ceasing physical activity could halt this protective effect.
Adults with possible food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome with crustacean ingestion
Authors: Li Daniel H. , Wong-Pack Andrew , Macikunas Andrea Leilani , Kim Harold 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Food protein-induced enterocolitis (FPIES), an entity previously thought to only affect children, has been increasingly described in adults. In this study, we report a Canadian cohort of 19 adolescents and adults with recurrent non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated gastrointestinal symptoms after crustacean ingestion, consistent with FPIES.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients in an outpatient allergy clinic from January 2005 to May 2020. Electronic records were searched using keywords for crustaceans and for symptoms consistent with FPIES. We included patients with gastrointestinal symptoms specifically to crustaceans on more than one occasion, who were 14 years or older at the time of index reaction. Exclusion criteria included symptoms suggestive of an IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction or a likely alternative diagnosis. We identified 19 patients for our cohort who met the criteria.

Results
Our cohort was 68.4% female (13) and 32.6% (6) male. The average age at first reaction to crustaceans was 34 years old with a range of 14–68 years (median = 28 years; IQR = 32 years). Time from ingestion to beginning of symptoms ranged from 3 min to 6.5 h, with an average of 2.8 h (median = 2 h; IQR = 3.25 h). Duration of reaction ranged from less than a minute to over 48 h, with a mean of 9.4 h (median = 4 h; IQR = 7.75 h). Patients had 4.8 reactions on average; however, number of reactions ranged from 2 to 12.5 (median = 3, IQR = 3). All patients identified a “trigger” food in the crustacean group, and 12 subjects identified additional reactions to other seafood.

Conclusions
This case series will better characterize and advance our understanding of this disease entity in adults. There are key differences in the presentation of FPIES in adults compared to children, namely female predominance, difference in solid food trigger, and unpredictable time course. Future studies are needed to examine the pathophysiology and natural history of adult FPIES. Specific guidelines should be developed for the diagnosis and management in adults.
Trial registration: retrospectively registered.
Duck enteritis virus pUL47, as a late structural protein localized in the nucleus, mainly depends on residues 40 to 50 and 768 to 777 and inhibits IFN-β signalling by interacting with STAT1
Authors: He Tianqiong , Wang Mingshu , Cheng Anchun , Yang Qiao , Jia Renyong , Wu Ying , Huang Juan , Chen Shun , Zhao Xin-Xin , Liu Mafeng , Zhu Dekang , Zhang Shaqiu , Ou Xuming , Mao Sai , Gao Qun , Sun Di , Wen XinJian , Tian Bin , Liu Yunya , Yu Yanling , Zhang Ling , Pan Leichang , Chen Xiaoyue 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Duck enteritis virus (DEV) is a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily. The characteristics of some DEV genes have been reported. However, information regarding the DEV UL47 gene is limited. In this study, we identified the DEV UL47 gene encoding a late structural protein located in the nucleus of infected cells. We further found that two domains of DEV pUL47, amino acids (aa) 40 to 50 and 768 to 777, could function as nuclear localization sequence (NLS) to guide the nuclear localization of pUL47 and nuclear translocation of heterologous proteins, including enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and beta-galactosidase (β-Gal). Moreover, pUL47 significantly inhibited polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]-induced interferon beta (IFN-β) production and downregulated interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression, such as Mx and oligoadenylate synthetase-like (OASL), by interacting with signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT1).
Tomatidine inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by targeting 3CL protease
Authors: Wang Pengcheng , Bai Juan , Liu Xuewei , Wang Mi , Wang Xianwei , Jiang Ping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes lethal diarrhea in suckling piglets, leading to severe economic losses worldwide. There is an urgent need to find new therapeutic methods to prevent and control PEDV. Not only is there a shortage of commercial anti-PEDV drugs, but available commercial vaccines fail to protect against highly virulent PEDV variants. We screened an FDA-approved library of 911 natural products and found that tomatidine, a steroidal alkaloid extracted from the skin and leaves of tomatoes, demonstrates significant inhibition of PEDV replication in Vero and IPEC-J2 cells in vitro. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics analysis predicted interactions between tomatidine and the active pocket of PEDV 3CL protease, which were confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The inhibiting effect of tomatidine on 3CL protease was determined using cleavage visualization and FRET assay. Tomatidine-mediated blocking of 3CL protease activity in PEDV-infected cells was examined by western blot detection of the viral polyprotein in PEDV-infected cells. It indicates that tomatidine inhibits PEDV replication mainly by targeting 3CL protease. In addition, tomatidine also has antiviral activity against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), encephalo myocarditis virus (EMCV) and seneca virus A (SVA) in vitro. These results may be helpful in developing a new prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against PEDV and other swine disease infections.
A novel fractional structure of a multi-order quantum multi-integro-differential problem
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Duc , Sakar Fethiye Muge , Etemad Sina , Rezapour Shahram 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the present research manuscript, we formulate a new generalized structure of the nonlinear Caputo fractional quantum multi-integro-differential equation in which such a multi-order structure of quantum integrals is considered for the first time. In fact, in the light of this type of boundary value problem equipped with the multi-integro-differential setting, one can simply study different cases of the existing usual integro-differential problems in the literature. In this direction, we utilize well-known analytical techniques to derive desired criteria which guarantee the existence of solutions for the proposed multi-order quantum multi-integro-differential problem. Further, some numerical examples are considered to examine our theoretical and analytical findings using the proposed methods.
New Hermite–Jensen–Mercer-type inequalities via k-fractional integrals
Authors: Butt Saad Ihsan , Umar Muhammad , Rashid Saima , Akdemir Ahmet Ocak , Chu Yu-Ming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the article, we establish serval novel Hermite–Jensen–Mercer-type inequalities for convex functions in the framework of thek-fractional conformable integrals by use of our new approaches. Our obtained results are the generalizations, improvements, and extensions of some previously known results, and our ideas and methods may lead to a lot of follow-up research.
A comprehensive investigation of metagenome assembly by linked-read sequencing
Authors: Zhang Lu , Fang Xiaodong , Liao Herui , Zhang Zhenmiao , Zhou Xin , Han Lijuan , Chen Yang , Qiu Qinwei , Li Shuai Cheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The human microbiota are complex systems with important roles in our physiological activities and diseases. Sequencing the microbial genomes in the microbiota can help in our interpretation of their activities. The vast majority of the microbes in the microbiota cannot be isolated for individual sequencing. Current metagenomics practices use short-read sequencing to simultaneously sequence a mixture of microbial genomes. However, these results are in ambiguity during genome assembly, leading to unsatisfactory microbial genome completeness and contig continuity. Linked-read sequencing is able to remove some of these ambiguities by attaching the same barcode to the reads from a long DNA fragment (10–100 kb), thus improving metagenome assembly. However, it is not clear how the choices for several parameters in the use of linked-read sequencing affect the assembly quality.

Results
We first examined the effects of read depth (C) on metagenome assembly from linked-reads in simulated data and a mock community. The results showed that C positively correlated with the length of assembled sequences but had little effect on their qualities. The latter observation was corroborated by tests using real data from the human gut microbiome, where C demonstrated minor impact on the sequence quality as well as on the proportion of bins annotated as draft genomes. On the other hand, metagenome assembly quality was susceptible to read depth per fragment (CR) and DNA fragment physical depth (CF). For the same C, deeper CR resulted in more draft genomes while deeper CF improved the quality of the draft genomes. We also found that average fragment length (μFL) had marginal effect on assemblies, while fragments per partition (NF/P) impacted the off-target reads involved in local assembly, namely, lower NF/P values would lead to better assemblies by reducing the ambiguities of the off-target reads. In general, the use of linked-reads improved the assembly for contig N50 when compared to Illumina short-reads, but not when compared to PacBio CCS (circular consensus sequencing) long-reads.

Conclusions
We investigated the influence of linked-read sequencing parameters on metagenome assembly comprehensively. While the quality of genome assembly from linked-reads cannot rival that from PacBio CCS long-reads, the case for using linked-read sequencing remains persuasive due to its low cost and high base-quality. Our study revealed that the probable best practice in using linked-reads for metagenome assembly was to merge the linked-reads from multiple libraries, where each had sufficient CR but a smaller amount of input DNA.
The feasibility of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for people with bipolar disorder: a qualitative study
Authors: Hanssen Imke , van der Horst Nicole , Boele Marieke , Lochmann van Bennekom Marc , Regeer Eline , Speckens Anne 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Mindfulness- Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) could be a promising psychosocial intervention for people with bipolar disorder (BD). However, little is known about the feasibility of MBCT for people with BD. In this study we explore the facilitators and barriers people with BD experience of an adapted MBCT program.

Method
This qualitative study is part of a large, multicenter randomized controlled trial on MBCT for BD (trial registration number: NCT03507647). The present study included 16 participants with BD who participated in an 8-week adapted MBCT program. Semi- structured interviews exploring the feasibility, with a particular focus on the bipolar symptoms, were recorded verbatim, transcribed and analyzed. For reasons of triangulation, teachers were interviewed as well.

Results
Participants reported different barriers and facilitators of MBCT, both generally as well as with regard to their bipolar disorder. Four key themes arose: the training itself, psychosocial factors, personal characteristics and the bipolar disorder. Themes were further divided in subthemes.

Conclusion
The adapted MBCT program seemed to be feasible for people with BD. Depressive symptoms often acted as a barrier for participating in MBCT, suggesting that participants might need additional support when depressed. Manic symptoms could act both as a barrier and facilitator, suggesting that the occurrence of (hypo)mania does not necessarily have to be an exclusion criterion for participation. Further clinical and research implications are suggested.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03507647. Registered 25th of April 2018, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03507647.
In vivo RyR1 reduction in muscle triggers a core-like myopathy
Authors: Pelletier Laurent , Petiot Anne , Brocard Julie , Giannesini Benoit , Giovannini Diane , Sanchez Colline , Travard Lauriane , Chivet Mathilde , Beaufils Mathilde , Kutchukian Candice , Bendahan David , Metzger Daniel , Franzini Armstrong Clara , Romero Norma B. , Rendu John , Jacquemond Vincent , Fauré Julien , Marty Isabelle 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMutations in theRYR1gene, encoding the skeletal muscle calcium channel RyR1, lead to congenital myopathies, through expression of a channel with abnormal permeability and/or in reduced amount, but the direct functional whole organism consequences of exclusive reduction in RyR1 amount have never been studied. We have developed and characterized a mouse model with inducible muscle specificRYR1deletion. Tamoxifen-induced recombination in theRYR1gene at adult age resulted in a progressive reduction in the protein amount reaching a stable level of 50% of the initial amount, and was associated with a progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. Measurement of calcium fluxes in isolated muscle fibers demonstrated a reduction in the amplitude of RyR1-related calcium release mirroring the reduction in the protein amount. Alterations in the muscle structure were observed, with fibers atrophy, abnormal mitochondria distribution and membrane remodeling. An increase in the expression level of many proteins was observed, as well as an inhibition of the autophagy process. This model demonstrates that RyR1 reduction is sufficient to recapitulate most features of Central Core Disease, and accordingly similar alterations were observed in muscle biopsies from Dusty Core Disease patients (a subtype of Central Core Disease), pointing to common pathophysiological mechanisms related to RyR1 reduction.
Revealing lost 16th-century royal emblems on two Andrea Amati’s violins using XRF scanning
Authors: Radepont Marie , Échard Jean-Philippe , Ockermüller Matthias , de la Codre Hortense , Belhadj Oulfa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A key issue in understanding artefacts from the past is the loss of readability of the signs they may have borne. The two 16th-century musical instruments studied here—rare Italian violins made by Andrea Amati (c.1505-1577) in Cremona—bear remains of painted heraldic emblems, which are barely legible and thus remained undeciphered until today. They are exemplary representatives of this research question, indeed combining various types of losses, which are widely encountered on archaeological artefacts: they are now incomplete (parts are missing, surfaces are abraded) and the paint matter itself, of which the signs are made, has altered. In this study, the complete original outlines and geometrical subdivisions of the shields are deduced from calculations based on the conventional heraldic construction practices of the times. Also, in situ elemental imaging of the shield areas—here using scanning X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy— brings two types of information: (i) the nature of pigments, allowing to deduce the initial colours of the paints not discernable to the eye, whether abraded or discoloured; (ii) the spatial distribution of these pigments and colours inside the shield. This multi-approach method leads to the unprecedented revelation of a combination of symbols (tinctures of fields, emblematic ornaments, and their relative spatial distribution), all having meanings in heraldic language. The reconstructed coats of arms appear to be pointing to a very specific nine-year period (1559–1568) of the life of the queen Elisabeth (Isabel) of Valois, spouse of Philip II of Spain. We suggest that this approach, combining an imaging spectroscopic technique and a geometrical study of remaining decors, here providing new insights into the musical history at the Court of Spain, may be used to enhance the readability of a wide range of writings, signs and symbols on artefacts from the past.
Support vector machine based feature extraction for gender recognition from objects using lasso classifier
Authors: Galla Damodara Krishna Kishore , Mukamalla Babu Reddy , Chegireddy Rama Prakasha Reddy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Object detection and gender recognition were two different categories to be classified in a single section is a complicated task and this approach helps in supporting the blind people for an artificial vision. In this paper, our method to the betters vision sensation of blind persons by conversion of visualized data to audio data. Therefore this artificial intelligence model helps in detecting the objects as well as human face recognition with gender classification based on face recognition approach. This model processed with feature extraction and classification models. The feature extraction was comprised with multi scale-invariant feature transform (MSIFT), with feature optimization with support vector machine algorithm then classified using LASSO classifier. For better performance identification, three different classification models were implemented and tested too. Feature selection helps in making tests early to detect the objects and recognizing human actions using image processing approach. This approach can be applied for both offline and online modes. But in this scenario, an offline mode was implemented and was tested with a combination of different databases. For this process of classification ridge regression (RR), elastic net (EN), lasso regression (LR) and LASSO regression were implemented. The final classification results with accuracy are as follows for RR-89.6%, EN-93.5%, LR-93.2% and proposed approach (LRGS) with 98.4% accurate detection rate with prediction name of classes.
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors for cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression
Authors: Saleiro Carolina , Teixeira Rogério , De Campos Diana , Lopes João , Oliveiros Bárbara , Costa Marco , Gonçalves Lino 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCardiogenic shock complicates 5–10% of myocardial infarction (MI) cases. Data about the benefit of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) in these patients is sparse and conflicting.MethodsWe performed a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of studies assessing the impact of GPI use in the setting of MI complicated cardiogenic shock on mortality, angiographic success, and bleeding events. We systematically searched for studies comparing GPI use as adjunctive treatment versus standard care in this setting. Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed.ResultsSeven studies with a total of 1216 patients (GPI group, 720 patients; standard care group, 496 patients) were included. GPI were associated with a 45% relative reduction in the odds of death at 30 days (pooled OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.35–0.85;I2= 57%;P= 0.007) and a 49% reduction in the odds of death at 1 year (pooled OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.32–0.82;I2= 58%;P= 0.005). Reduction in short-term mortality seemed to be more important before 2000, as this benefit disappears if only the more recent studies are analyzed. GPI were associated with a 2-fold increase in the probability of achieving TIMI 3 flow (pooled OR, 2.05; 95% CI 1.37–3.05;I2= 37%,P= 0.0004). Major bleeding events were not increased with GPI therapy (pooled OR, 1.0; 95% CI 0.55–1.83;I2= 1%,P= 0.99). Meta-regression identified that patients not receiving an intra-aortic balloon pump seemed to benefit the most from GPI use (Z= − 1.57,P= 0.005).ConclusionGPI therapy as an adjunct to standard treatment in cardiogenic shock was associated with better outcomes, including both short- and long-term survival, without increasing the risk of bleeding.
Development of Integrated Land Simulator
Authors: Nitta Tomoko , Arakawa Takashi , Hatono Misako , Takeshima Akira , Yoshimura Kei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Accurate simulations of land processes are crucial for many purposes, such as climate simulation, weather, flood, and drought prediction, and climate change impact assessment studies. In this paper, we present a new land simulator called the Integrated Land Simulator (ILS). The ILS consists of multiple models that represent processes related to land (hereafter, referred to as “land models”). They are coupled by a general-purpose coupler, Jcup, and executed using the Multiple Program Multiple Data approach. Currently, ILS includes a physical land surface model, the Minimal Advanced Treatments of Surface Interaction and Runoff model, and a hydrodynamic model, the Catchment-based Macro-scale Floodplain model, and the inclusion of additional land models is planned. We conducted several test simulations to evaluate the computational speed and scalability and the basic physical performance of the ILS. The results will become a benchmark for further development.