bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strength of reinforced concrete flat slabs for punching
Authors: Ilshat Mirsayapov , Georgy Nikitin , Midkhat Khanbekov 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to analyze previously developed structural solutions of the “slab-column” unit under various modes of static and cyclic loading using various reinforcing elements and types of concrete, to compare methods for calculating the slab for punching at the fillet places with columns according to Russian, Belarusian, and European standards. Calculations at different standards give different results, which differ significantly from each other. The main objective of the study was to develop a methodology for calculating flat reinforced concrete slabs for punching using a frame-rod model of work and models of destruction of reinforced concrete in a compressive power flow. The significance of the results obtained for the construction industry lies in the fact that the results of theoretical studies are applicable to create a methodology that allows calculating the fracture from overcoming the concrete resistance to tearing, shear and crushing when forcing flat reinforced concrete slabs at the fillet places with the columns. Flat slab contribute to the maximum use of floor height, provide an effective location below the slab of utilities.
Surface modification of PVC by silica sol
Authors: Islamov Anvar , Fakhrutdmova Venera 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOne of the most important and widely used modern materials is polymeric composite materials based on PVC. One of the possible ways to improve the properties and increase the reliability of polymer products is their surface diffusion treatment with liquid nanomodifying components. The study investigated the possibility of using silica sol to strengthen the surface of rigid PVC. It is shown that as a result of diffusion impregnation of PVC in silica sol to a certain degree of saturation and subsequent heat treatment (in order to fix the modifier), the resulting composites have enhanced surface properties. As a result of the diffusion of silica sol into the PVC matrix and its physicochemical interaction with the latter, a modified surface layer is formed with a structure and properties that vary in its thickness. Modifying the surface of finished PVC products without changing the inner part, allows you to strengthen the whole material as a whole and increase its resistance to various external factors. At the same time, the consumption of the modifying additive is significantly reduced in comparison with the adding into the volume of the material, and its effectiveness increases due to the high local concentration on the surface.
Advances in development of calcined clays as supplementary cementitious materials
Authors: Rakhimova Nailia , Rakhimov Ravil 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Continuous development and expansion of the raw material base, in response to the increasing environmental and technical requirements for the most consumed commodities, are crucial for the sustainable development of resource-and energy-intensive materials and technologies, including cement production. In recent decades, calcined clays have become significant as supplementary cementitious materials for blended Portland cements. Extensive research and practical experience form the theoretical and practical bases for the application of calcined clays, which are diverse in composition and structure, for effective cement production. However, the scarcity of the most valuable pure kaolin clays has led to extensive feasibility studies on more abundant medium-and low-grade kaolin, multi-mineral kaolin, and non-kaolin clays. This paper reviews the last advances in the field of Portland cement-based systems using calcined clays containing different amounts of 1:1 and/or 2:1 type clay minerals, including their processing features, chemical reactivities, potential controlling factors, and requirements.
Prospects and features of microwave sintering in the technology of building ceramics
Authors: Zhenzhurist Irina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The results of firing samples from natural aluminum silicates in a microwave oven are considered. The possibility of sintering aluminum silicate raw materials, traditional for the production of building ceramics, is established. The phase compositions of the calcined materials are determined. The influence on the sintering process of the mineral structure of clay raw materials, the composition of the diatomite and the addition of NaCl salt was established. Samples from the mass with the addition of NaCl show high quality and increased strength of the samples. Samples from masses based on brick clay with NaCl salt, annealed in the microwave electromagnetic field, did not show a large increase in strength. For all mass compositions with NaCl, a decrease in the energy of the endothermic process was revealed in the temperature range 400-600 °C. In all mass compositions from clays with NaCl and diatomite with salt and marl, the presence of an aluminum silicate phase with a size of less than 30 nanometers was found. Masses with such a phase structure showed increased strength of the samples.
Corrosion protection of reinforcement with phosphate coatings
Authors: Konovalova Viktoriya , Rumyantseva Varvara 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As a method of protection against corrosion, the application of phosphate coatings to the surface of steel reinforcement before the manufacture of a reinforced concrete product can be considered. The influence of modifiers introduced into the cold phosphating solution on the structure and protective properties of phosphate coatings was studied. It is established that from solutions with the addition of saccharin, glucose, Trilon A, Trilon B and washing preparations, fine crystalline, dense phosphate films are obtained. The introduction of the proposed additives also reduces the time of formation of a phosphate coating on the surface of the steel and leads to a decrease in their porosity. It has been established that phosphate coatings are resistant to the effects of aqueous, salt and acidic environments. Films deposited from modified cold phosphating solutions provide better corrosion protection compared to films obtained from a traditional cold phosphating solution. Presented phosphate coatings have high protective properties, because, due to their lower porosity, they well prevent the penetration of aggressive particles to the surface of the protected reinforcement.
Analysis of influence of cold plasma on stiffness properties of polymeric materials
Authors: Kayumov Rashit , Mukhamedova Inziliya , Khammatova Venera 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A model of the polyester fabric behavior subjected to plasma treatment with a reduced pressure is proposed to evaluate its deformability in its plane. The method for identifying stiffness properties is described, and the results of processing the full-scale experiments as well as the results of the numerical studies of the problem regarding stretching samples of the fabric are presented. For the numerical analysis of the deformation process of the fabric samples the finite element method was used. The proposed finite-element model of deformation of nonlinear elastic fabric materials allows us to study the patterns of behavior of the tissue samples under various loads, given that the material is not able to support the compressive loads. The developed technique for an experimental determination of the stiffness characteristics of fabrics according to the results of testing the samples, cut at different angles to the base, under various stretching forces, made it possible to analyze the influence of treatment of the fabric with a cold plasma on its mechanical characteristics.
Residues from fuel and power industries and glass industry as a basis of building materials
Authors: Medvedeva Galina , Lifanteva Anna , Yusupova Alsu , Kashapov Ramil 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The most important area of resource conservation is the extensive use of secondary products of the industry as feedstock to produce building materials. Benefits of secondary products usage are to enhance the physical and mechanical characteristics and strength characteristics of the resulting building materials. By-products of different sectors of industry, such as ash and slag waste from combined heat and power systems and glass industry cullet, which provide the industry with huge sources of cheap and prepared raw materials, are used as accessory materials. They reduce the cost of producing certain materials. Three main mixtures are addressed in the article: (1) a mixture of cement, ash and slag waste and glass cullet, (2) a mixture of clay and ash and slag waste, and (3) a mixture of clay, ash and slag waste and glass cullet. The production processes of the tested materials are described: preparation and thermal treatment of raw materials. Material properties obtained after the roasting were determined: compression capacity, absorption of water and level of firing shrinkage. Not all materials are amenable to characterization techniques used in standardized ways of testing.
Method for predicting the durability of polymer-composite reinforcement in cement concrete
Authors: Suleimanov Alfred 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The combination of operational factors increases significantly ageing and failure rate of polymer composite materials under stress-strain conditions. The objective of this study is to develop the method for simulating the behavior of polymer composite reinforcements in cement concrete under stress-strain conditions. The procedure was developed and the setup was upgraded to conduct accelerated testing of polymer composite reinforcements for cement concrete. The significance of the findings for the construction industry lies in the development of methodology for predicting the durability of polymer composite materials under specified operating conditions.
Estimation of impacts of cellulosic admixtures on sma features
Authors: Smirnov Denis , Yagund Eduard , Zamaliev Farit , Brodneva Valeria 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
It is known that the supporting capacity of asphalt concrete depends on the weakest component of the system. Currently, there are two main ways to increase strength and shear resistance of asphalt concrete: modification of bitumen binder or regulation of granulometric composition, in the trend of increasing the rock stone content. However, in the first case, the structure-forming effect of multi-crushed stone asphalt concrete is not fully used, in the second - due to the high bitumen consumption necessary to fill intergranular bugholes, the mixture segregates. The elimination of this disadvantage was provided by the introduction of fine-fibred filler into mixture. Stone mastic asphalt concrete (SMA) was created, which fundamentally combines the advantages of impacted low-crushed stone concrete and maximum structural asphalt-concrete, which are widespread in some countries for roads with high traffic stream.
In this paper, we studied the effect of various types of stabilizing additives on the performance of stone mastic asphalt concrete.
Prognosis method of wooden structure durability
Authors: Sulejmanov Alfred , Smirnov Denis , Khairullin Gaziz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The relevance of the studied topic is due to the fact that, despite the longtime wood use as a building material, the issue of durability predicting keeps underexplored. Wood offers a wide range of positive properties, but still has a number of disadvantages, one of which is a tendency to biodeterioration. The main way to control wood biodeterioration is its antiseptic treatment. However, during the operation or storage of treated wooden structures, there is a process of washing out antiseptic agents from them (depreservation) and, as a result, a decrease of biostability. The paper proposes the methodology for accelerated prediction of the wood treated durability with an antiseptic, taking into account the real conditions of its operation. The optimal conditions and the temperature effect on the rate of diffusion antiseptic transfer to external environment are established, depending on the actual operating conditions of wooden structures.
Biodegradation of filled styrene-acrylic coatings in a laboratory kinetic plant
Authors: Stroganov Viktor , Amelchenko Maksim , Kraus Eduard 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Styrene-acrylic polymer coatings rank among the most popular materials of the construction industry that protect structures from corrosion. Biocorrosion is considered to be one of quite dangerous and less studied types of destruction. There is a State standard method of testing materials for biostability in which a qualitative assessment of the resistance of coatings to biodegradation is carried out, but still it doesn’t provide the full picture of the destruction degree of the material caused by the biodegradation. Besides, the test duration is 28 days. The most informative and convenient is the kinetic method of research. It includes the applying of the facility involving exposure of coating samples in a solution of carboxylic acids (model medium) which significantly reduces the test period and also eliminates the work with microorganisms. The studies were carried out on styrene-acrylic filled free films. The changes in material was evaluated by quantitative and qualitative indicators: the change in the mass of the initial and exposed samples of free films, their geometric parameters, as well as a visual assessment (using a microscope) of the surface state of the coatings before and after exposure, including the use of the CIELab method. It was found that the level of the determined characteristics of styrene-acrylic free films when exposed in a model medium is reduced by 10-15%.
Heat release of expanded-clay concrete
Authors: Barabanshchikov Yurii , Usanova Kseniia , Akimov Stanislav 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The subject of research is expanded-clay concrete with additives of ground granulated blast-furnace slag, silica fume, superplasticizer and air-entraining admixture. The heat release of concrete is investigated depending on the concrete composition (cement, water cement ratio, expanded-clay), additives (slag, silica fume) and admixtures (superplasticizer, air-entraining agent). This study is a part of research on the design concrete mixture with strength class C35/45 and high workability for 3D printer. It was confirmed that the cement content and water cement ratio impact on the integral value of the heat release per unit mass of cement. This value decreases with increasing cement content. The reason for this is that the heat generated by concrete, with constant W/C and other equal conditions, increases linearly with increasing the cement content.
Resource-saving polymer compositions for construction purposes
Authors: Galeev Ruslan , Nizamov Rashit , Abdrakhmanova Layla , Khozin Vadim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the application of building materials based on thermoplastic (polyvinyl chloride) and thermosetting (urea-formaldehyde) polymers of industrial waste as fillers instead of traditional ones that allow solving resource saving issues. Polyvinyl chloride materials of profile molded products with increased strength by 1.5-2 times were obtained by replacing 50% of the traditional “chemically precipitated chalk” filler with waste from water treatment of thermal power plants. The strength of heat-insulating foams based on urea-formaldehyde resin is increased 3 times by introducing only 0.2 m.p. carbonate water treatment waste per 100 m.p. resins in the binder. The effect is achieved through the implementation of the principle of “condensation” filling of polymer matrices. In polymers of different chemical nature, during filling, the mechanisms of matrix reinforcement associated with the activity of the surface of the filler particles are realized. They are proposed for the practical implementation of the formulation and production technology of profile and sheet materials, as well as heat-insulating foam plastic.
Economic efficiency of plastic recycling plant construction
Authors: Shagiakhmetova Elvira , Medyanik Yulia , Gimadieva Liliya , Vakhitova Diliara , Yarullina Ilariya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Solving the problem of plastic pollution is a priority for all of mankind. A significant part of all plastic waste is recyclable and reusable. However, not every method of recycling and reusing plastic is cost-effective. The aim of the study is to justify the economic efficiency of the construction and operation of a plastic recycling plant in the city of Kazan (Russian Federation). When performing the calculations, the discounted method for efficiency assessment of investment projects was used. The method involves the calculation of several efficiency criteria: NPV, IRR, PBP, PI.
The study justifies the economic efficiency of the plant construction project based on the calculated indexes: NPV (net present value of the project) is 182 million rubles, IRR is 41.6 %. As a result of risk modeling, it was found out that the greatest impact on the net present value of the project is made by an increase in the discount rate. Moreover, the project is highly resistant to a possible reduction in the price and volume of sales, growth in current and investment expenses. Putting the results into practice opens up potential for solving the complex task of saving natural resources, expanding the local raw material base for the production of building materials, and disposing waste having a long decomposition period, more specifically plastic waste.
Management of sustainable economic potential of construction enterprise
Authors: Sychev Marat , Evstafieva Alsu , Pozdeev Valery , Chugunova Iullia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Construction is a leading industry sector of the Russian national economy, which is essential for the expansion of fixed assets, the structural restructuring of the economy, and the development of human well-being. The main feature of the construction industry is the variety of organizational and economic forms of the construction production process, a large number of participants with various functional goals and objectives, and the significant dependence of the construction production process on natural conditions. The economic potential, possessed by construction enterprises, should be used effectively. This is the main task of management. At the same time, the use of economic potential is fraught with risks. Their identification is included in the scope of economic analysis. To assess the risks in the use of economic potential, it is subdivided into resource, production and financial. Each of them has its own system of indicators. As a risk assessment method, a statistical one based on the calculation of the coefficient of variation was chosen. The values of the coefficients of variation help to determine the risk zone: allowed, critical or catastrophic. The identification of risk zones is the purpose of this article. Obtaining information on the risk category contributes making management decisions.
Complex criterion for evaluating contractor’s activities in the construction industry
Authors: Kleshcheva Olga , Sayfullina Farida , Abdukhanova Natalya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The assessment of the financial viability of the contractor is of particular interest. However, many of existing criteria which are used for analyzing the economic performance of an enterprise are criticized, as the generalized indicators may provide an accurate estimation only for a definite country, or period. Elaboration of a generalized indicator is related to the following tasks: selecting analytical coefficients, determining the structure and parameters of the generalized indicator, and calculating the critical value. The approach used in this paper implies using all known analytical indicators for solving the first task. These relative indicators are then compared with absolute indicators, namely, balance indicators. In the present work this is done with correlation analysis. When determining the structure and parameters, as well as when calculating the critical value of the complex criteria, we used discriminant analysis. A sample of enterprises of the construction complex was considered as objects. The complex criterion for evaluating contractor’s activities can be used both for internal analysis and by external users: banks, investors, and counteragents.
Factors affecting the parameters of the construction industry
Authors: Ustinova Liliya , Sirazetdinov Rustem 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
One of the most important directions for the development of the economy of any state is the maintenance of all branches of the national economy at rather a high level. Competition, both on the domestic and world market of industrial production, dictates the need to find modern innovation-oriented technologies, production management systems, use of raw materials, etc., and, consequently, continuous improvement, modernization, and development. The construction industry is a capital-intensive segment of the national economy, which is interconnected with such industries as mining, processing, metallurgy, machine building, etc. The research object of this article is the construction industry, which is the capital-forming industry, engaged in the development of the gross domestic product. The analysis of the industry was carried out using the classical tool of statistical data analysis, namely correlation analysis. The research is based on the analysis of the following industry parameters: GDP structure according to branches of the Russian economy, commissioning of residential houses by organizations of all forms of ownership in the Russian Federation, dynamics of the average actual cost of construction of 1 sq.m. of the total area of residential premises, which reflect tendencies and a state of development within the construction industry in Russia. The foreign experience in the development of the construction industry is presented. The performed analysis allowed formulating recommendations on the development of the Russian construction industry, which include legal, economic, social and environmental aspects.
The classification of transaction costs: the innovation in the construction industry based on building information modeling. A case study of multilingual schools
Authors: Bakhareva Olga , Azhimov Timur , Azhimova Liliya , Marfina Ludmila , Khuzagaripov Aidar 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe problems of effective investment in social infrastructure have a contradiction between the need to expand the functions of social infrastructure in the information society and, as a result, the potential increase in the cost of this state investment projects. Based on the in-depth interview method, we prepared questionnaires for several interviews with industry experts to identify the transaction costs in the construction industry. The results of the research represent technical and organizational innovations that reduce the transaction costs of investment projects for the development of social infrastructure during the life-cycle of an object. We tested our hypothesis on the example of building a multilingual school in Kazan and gave a classification of transaction costs in the construction industry. The proposed method of reducing transaction costs of an investment project for the development of social infrastructure, based on buildings information modeling, allows solving the problem of high-quality public buildings cost-effective construction and the creation of public goods in the region.