bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AI‐Driven Approach for Sustainable Extraction of Earth's Subsurface Renewable Energy While Minimizing Seismic Activity
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Oribio Diego , Stathas Alexandros , Stefanou Ioannis 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDeep geothermal energy, carbon capture and storage, and hydrogen storage hold considerable promise for meeting the energy sector's large‐scale requirements and reducing emissions. However, the injection of fluids into the Earth's crust, essential for these activities, can induce or trigger earthquakes. In this paper, we highlight a new approach based on reinforcement learning (RL) for the control of human‐induced seismicity in the highly complex environment of an underground reservoir. This complex system poses significant challenges in the control design due to parameter uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics. We show that the RL algorithm can interact efficiently with a robust controller, by choosing the controller parameters in real time, reducing human‐induced seismicity, and allowing the consideration of further production objectives, for example, minimal control power. Simulations are presented for a simplified underground reservoir under various energy demand scenarios, demonstrating the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed control–RL approach.
Validity of a nutrition screening tool for childhood cancer
Authors: Kangalgil Melda , Meral Buket , Murphy Alford Alexia J. , Erduran Erol 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition in pediatric oncology patients is a serious clinical condition. There is a need for standardized nutrition screening in pediatric oncology patients, as nutrition screening can offer a simple method to identify children with cancer at risk of malnutrition. This study aimed to determine the validity of a Turkish version of nutrition screening tool for childhood cancer (SCAN) in identifying the risk of malnutrition among children with cancer.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted with 78 children with cancer admitted to the pediatric hematology‐oncology unit of a university hospital. In the first stage of this study, SCAN was translated into Turkish, and in the second stage, the validity of SCAN against pediatric Subjective Global Nutritional Assessment (SGNA) and Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (AND/ASPEN) malnutrition criteria were evaluated.ResultsPatients had a median age of 8.0 years (range, 2–18 years; IQR, 5–14 years), 61.5% were male, and 60.3% were diagnosed with leukemia. According to SCAN, 53.8% had high risk of malnutrition. Validation of SCAN against pediatric SGNA showed that SCAN has a sensitivity of 97.5%, specificity of 94.5%, and accuracy of 96.1%.ConclusionThe risk of malnutrition is common in children with cancer. The Turkish version of the SCAN is a simple, quick, and valid tool to determine the risk of malnutrition in children with cancer. Further research is needed to understand the impact of nutrition interventions on clinical outcomes in children at risk for malnutrition based on SCAN.
Convergence of Damped Polarization Schemes for the FFT‐Based Computational Homogenization of Inelastic Media With Pores
Authors: Donval Elodie , Schneider Matti 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPorous microstructures represent a challenge for the convergence of FFT‐based computational homogenization methods. In this contribution, we show that the damped Eyre–Milton iteration is linearly convergent for a class of nonlinear composites with a regular set of pores, provided the damping factor is chosen between zero and unity. First, we show that an abstract fixed‐point method with non‐expansive fixed‐point operator and non‐trivial damping converges linearly, provided the associated residual mapping satisfies a monotonicity condition on a closed subspace. Then, we transfer this result to the framework of polarization schemes and conclude the linear convergence of the damped Eyre–Milton scheme for porous materials. We present general arguments which apply to a class of nonlinear composites and mixed stress‐strain loadings, as well. We show that the best contraction estimate is reached for a damping factor of , that is, for the polarization scheme of Michel–Moulinec–Suquet, and derive the corresponding optimal reference material. Our results generalize the recent work of Sab and co‐workers who showed that an adaptively damped Eyre–Milton scheme leads to linear convergence for a class of linear composites with pores. Finally, we report on computational experiments which support our findings.
The various associations between whole /regional fat mass and trajectory of cardiometabolic diseases: a nonlinear multistate model
Authors: Xu Xinming , Guo Yi , Huang Lili , Song Berty Ruping , Chen Dan , Weng Fangfang , Zheng Xueying , Wen Yu , Wu Zhenyu , Gao Xiang , Sun Liang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association of whole body/regional fat mass (FM) with cardiometabolic disease (CMD) trajectory.MethodsWe conducted a prospective analysis using the UK Biobank. The FM index (FMI), a surrogate for whole body FM, and regional FM (i.e., arm, leg, and trunk) were examined as exposures. A nonlinear multistate framework was used to evaluate the association between whole/regional FM and CMD trajectory.ResultsAmong the 423,966 participants (mean age 56.1 [SD 8.10] years, 43.9% men) with a median follow‐up of 13.5 years, varied associations were identified between whole/regional FM and transitions in the CMD trajectory. Upper body FM (i.e., arm and trunk) exhibited significant positive J‐shaped associations in the transitions from first CMD (FCMD) or cardiometabolic multimorbidity to death; however, FMI and leg FM demonstrated L‐shaped associations. Leg FM played a beneficial role in the transition from FCMD to death, with a hazard ratio of 0.950 (95% CI: 0.931–0.968) per 1 kg.ConclusionsBody fat composition and distribution revealed various associations with CMD trajectory, highlighting their clinical importance. Upper body FM among those participants with FCMD or cardiometabolic multimorbidity demonstrated positive J‐shaped associations toward death, providing no evidence of the “obesity paradox.”
Smart Microneedles in Biomedical Engineering: Harnessing Stimuli‐Responsive Polymers for Novel Applications
Authors: Shahi Farangis , Afshar Hana , Dawi Elmuez A. , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in smart microneedles (MNs) within the biomedical field, focusing on the integration of stimuli‐responsive polymers for enhanced therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Conventional drug delivery and diagnostic methods are known to face limitations in precision, safety, and patient compliance, which can be addressed by the innovative features of smart MNs. Through the use of various stimuli‐responsive polymers, these MNs have been designed to react to environmental or physiological cues, allowing for on‐demand drug release, biomarker sensing, and localized therapeutic interventions. Fundamental materials used in the fabrication of these MNs, including metals, polymers, and composite hydrogels, are reviewed, and different categories of stimuli‐responsiveness, such as photo, electro, thermal, mechanical, and biochemical, are explored. Application‐specific designs of MNs in areas such as drug delivery, cancer therapy, diabetes management, and skin disease treatments are also examined. Through this discussion, it is highlighted that smart MNs are poised to play a significant role in advancing personalized and noninvasive medical treatments.
Eisige Talfahrt
Authors: Thaller Sigrid , Mathelitsch Leopold 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie drei olympischen Sportarten Bob, Skeleton und Rodeln nutzen die Schwerkraft und eine ausgefeilte Technik, um auf der Eisbahn Höchstgeschwindigkeiten zu erzielen. Der Bob wird mit bis zu 150 km/h am schnellsten. Die Sportarten unterscheiden sich aber grundsätzlich in der Startphase, der Körperhaltung beim Fahren und der eingesetzten Technik. Neben der Startphase sind eine optimal aerodynamische Haltung und das Vermeiden von Fahrfehlern entscheidend.
Effects of Web‐Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Health‐Related Outcomes Among Patients With Lung Cancer: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhang Yalin , Liu Chunhua , Chen Xiaoli , Zhang Yun , Li Yunhuan , Hu Xiaolin 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo identify the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of web‐based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on health‐related outcomes in patients with lung cancer.MethodsA feasibility, prospective, parallel, individual‐based, assessor‐blinded randomized controlled trial was designed. This study was conducted at a third‐level hospital in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 101 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to usual care group or 7‐weekly web‐based acceptance and commitment therapy group. The primary outcome was feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, and the secondary outcomes including quality of life, psychological flexibility, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the group differences. All analyses followed the principle of intention‐to‐treat.ResultsWeb‐based ACT presented good feasibility and acceptability in this study, with an attrition rate of 13.86%, a median compliance rate of 71.43%, and a satisfaction rate of 65.9%. Compared with control group, participants in intervention group reported statistically significant increases in quality of life (MD = 15.10, 95% CI: [10.09, 20.11], d = 0.37), psychological flexibility (MD = −8.42, 95% CI: [−10.81, −6.03], d = −1.47), anxiety (MD = −1.27, 95% CI: [−2.50, −0.05], d = −0.44), depression (MD = −2.11, 95% CI: [−3.28, −0.95], d = −0.76), and sleep disturbance (MD = −1.85, 95% CI: [−3.10, −0.59], d = 0.13) at postintervention, however, the improvement in fatigue was not statistically significant (MD = −2.02, 95% CI: [−9.02, 4.98], d = −0.12).ConclusionsWeb‐based ACT was an approach with good feasibility and acceptability, and it could effectively improve quality of life, psychological flexibility, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance in patients with lung cancer. In order to achieve better results, there is a need to design a more tailored intervention plan and a more operational platform.
Applicability of AlphaFold2 in the modeling of dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric coiled‐coil domains
Authors: Madaj Rafal , Martinez‐Goikoetxea Mikel , Kaminski Kamil , Ludwiczak Jan , Dunin‐Horkawicz Stanislaw 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCoiled coils are a common protein structural motif involved in cellular functions ranging from mediating protein–protein interactions to facilitating processes such as signal transduction or regulation of gene expression. They are formed by two or more alpha helices that wind around a central axis to form a buried hydrophobic core. Various forms of coiled‐coil bundles have been reported, each characterized by the number, orientation, and degree of winding of the constituent helices. This variability is underpinned by short sequence repeats that form coiled coils and whose properties determine both their overall topology and the local geometry of the hydrophobic core. The strikingly repetitive sequence has enabled the development of accurate sequence‐based coiled‐coil prediction methods; however, the modeling of coiled‐coil domains remains a challenging task. In this work, we evaluated the accuracy of AlphaFold2 in modeling coiled‐coil domains, both in modeling local geometry and in predicting global topological properties. Furthermore, we show that the prediction of the oligomeric state of coiled‐coil bundles can be achieved by using the internal representations of AlphaFold2, with a performance better than any previous state‐of‐the‐art method (code available at https://github.com/labstructbioinf/dc2_oligo).
Screening microorganisms with robust and stable protein expression and secretion capacity
Authors: Liu Li‐Hua , Guo Yu , Yang Min , Zhang Yang , Wu Yi‐Rui , Jiang Ao , Zhang Zhiqian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRobust and stable protein secretion is crucial for efficient recombinant protein production. Here, a novel and powerful platform using split GFP activated droplet sorting (SGADS) has been developed to significantly boost the yields of the protein of interest (POI). The SGADS platform leverages solubilizing peptide P17 and secretory expression in Bacillus subtilis to optimize two split GFP sensors: the P17‐GFP1‐9/GFP10‐POI‐GFP11 sensor for assessing protease activity and the P17‐GFP1‐10/GFP11‐POI sensor for measuring secretion capacity. This innovative platform has demonstrated its effectiveness by successfully screening high‐performance mutant strains capable of producing collagen, amylase, and protein glutaminase across a range of host organisms, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Pichia pastoris. The substantial increases in production achieved with the SGADS platform highlight its broad applicability and potential in enhancing recombinant protein production.
High‐quality reference genome of predatory mite Neoseiulus californicusMcGregor (Acari: Phytoseiidae) provides insights into its biological traits and potential RNAi off‐target effects
Authors: Liu Rundong , Zhu Rui , Guo Jianjun , Yi Tianci , Jin Daochao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeoseiulus californicus is a predatory mite that can control various spider mites and other small arthropods. Despite its acknowledged effectiveness in the natural enemy market, a crucial knowledge gap exists in understanding the genomic features related to its predatory traits and adaptation. With the increasing emphasis on modern pest management strategies and dynamic environmental changes in plant production trends, constructing a reliable genomic resource for N. californicus becomes imperative.RESULTSIn this study, we provided a high‐quality genome assembly and annotation of N. californicus, with a size of 188.43 Mb and 12 946 predicted genes. We identified genomic features and traits related to its detoxification, stress response, sensory system, mobility, secretory toxins, digestive enzymes and horizontally transferred genes (HGTs) by comparative genomics. We also predicted the potential off‐target effects of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) that could be used to control spider mites, based on public data and the N. californicus genome.CONCLUSIONOur study provided a valuable genomic resource for a commercialized predatory mite, offering useful insights for the design of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies in the new era. Further studies are needed to explore the functional roles of key gene families in predatory mites, as well as their interactions with their prey and IPM strategies. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Unlocking Natural Potential: Antibody‐Drug Conjugates With Naturally Derived Payloads for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Jiang Xue , Nik Nabil Wan Najbah , Ze Yufei , Dai Rongchen , Xi Zhichao , Xu Hongxi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTNatural compound‐derived chemotherapies remain central to cancer treatment, however, they often cause off‐target side effects that negatively impact patients' quality of life. In contrast, antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs) combine cytotoxic payloads with antibodies to specifically target cancer cells. Most approved and clinically investigated ADCs utilize naturally derived payloads, while those with conventional synthetic molecular payloads remain limited. This review focuses on approved ADCs that enhance the efficacy of naturally derived payloads by linking them with antibodies. We provide an overview of the core components of ADCs, their working mechanisms, and FDA‐approved ADCs featuring naturally derived payloads, such as calicheamicin, camptothecin, dolastatin 10, maytansine, pyrrolbenzodiazepine (PBD), and the immunotoxin Pseudomonas exotoxin A. This review also explores recent clinical advancements aimed at broadening the therapeutic potential of ADCs, their applicability in treating heterogeneously composed tumors and their potential use beyond oncology. Additionally, this review highlights naturally derived payloads that are currently being clinically investigated but have not yet received approval. By summarizing the current landscape, this review provides insights into promising avenues for exploration and contributes to the refinement of treatment protocols for improved patient outcomes.
Development of Eco‐Friendly Food Packaging Films Using Bio‐Based Polyethylene and Natural Pigments
Authors: Yücetürk Mert , Aksoy Ecenur , Seydibeyoğlu Mehmet Özgür 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, sustainable and environmentally friendly packaging films were developed using bio‐based polyethylene (BIO‐PE) and natural plant pigments. The pigments were obtained from Rubia tinctorum (madder), Punica granatum (pomegranate), Juglans regia (walnut), Reseda lutea (yellow mignonette) and Quercus infectoria (Aleppo oak), which are known for their strong colouring properties and are widely available in the rich flora of Turkey. These pigments were blended with BIO‐PE at a ratio of 10% in the form of composites. The packaging films were produced via blown film extrusion, and their optical, mechanical, frictional and blocking properties were systematically characterized. The results showed that natural pigments significantly improved the optical properties, especially the opacity, with films containing Reseda lutea reaching the highest value of 99.77%. In addition, Punica granatum–based films exhibited a tensile modulus of 246 MPa, which improved structural integrity. The addition of natural pigments reduced the blocking force to 440 gf/100 cm2, allowing the layers to separate more easily, while the coefficients of friction ranged from 0.15 to 0.27, improving the sliding properties. These results demonstrate the potential of BIO‐PE and natural pigments to create effective and sustainable packaging solutions.
Convolutional Sparse Coding for Time Series Via a ℓ0 Penalty: An Efficient Algorithm With Statistical Guarantees
Authors: Truong Charles , Moreau Thomas 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIdentifying characteristic patterns in time series, such as heartbeats or brain responses to a stimulus, is critical to understanding the physical or physiological phenomena monitored with sensors. Convolutional sparse coding (CSC) methods, which aim to approximate signals by a sparse combination of short signal templates (also called atoms), are well‐suited for this task. However, enforcing sparsity leads to non‐convex and untractable optimization problems. This article proposes finding the optimal solution to the original and non‐convex CSC problem when the atoms do not overlap. Specifically, we show that the reconstruction error satisfies a simple recursive relationship in this setting, which leads to an efficient detection algorithm. We prove that our method correctly estimates the number of patterns and their localization, up to a detection margin that depends on a certain measure of the signal‐to‐noise ratio. In a thorough empirical study, with simulated and real‐world physiological data sets, our method is shown to be more accurate than existing algorithms at detecting the patterns' onsets.
Low Pass Filter Based Lithium‐ion Battery Equivalent Circuit Model With High Accuracy
Authors: Fan Shaogui , Shao Zelu , Wen Ding , Zhang Yuxin , Wang Wencong , Yu Congcong , Wang Yaning 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe equivalent circuit model (ECM) of lithium batteries provides a simplified way to describe their output behaviors. In this paper, a low pass filter‐based ECM of lithium battery is proposed with high accuracy. A voltage source is employed to represent the capability of the lithium battery to store energy chemically, a RC branch paralleled with the voltage source represents the charge transfer process. This RC branch acts as a low pass filter, and the capacitance buffers the charges during charging or discharging process, and this explains the dynamic voltage recovery process. However, with the traditional RC branches‐based ECM, the dynamic voltage is realized by the resistance in parallel with the capacitor, which discharges the capacitor and the RC branch is series‐connected with the voltage source. The proposed ECM is compared with the 1‐RC Thevenin model, which has the same number of model parameters with the proposed model. The parameters are obtained by the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC) test. The output voltage accuracy of the 1‐RC Thevenin model and the proposed model with LFP battery and NCM battery is verified with different test conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed ECM has higher accuracy, this validates the correctness of the proposed model.
Dependence of Charge Transport on the Degree of Ordering in Semicrystalline Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Raj Mohan S. , Singh Manoranjan P. , Satapathy S. , Majumder S. K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe influence of ordering inside the crystalline regions of semi‐crystalline polymer thin films on charge transport is investigated by analyzing the electric field dependence of mobility calculated using Monte Carlo simulation. The degree of ordering inside the ordered regions is varied by changing the overlap between the hopping transport sites. Negative field dependence of mobility extending to higher electric field strengths along with an increase in the mobility are observed upon increasing the overlap between transport sites inside the ordered region. These observations are attributed to the variation in the charge transport, which affects the transit time that not only decreases but also shows a gradual shift from negative to positive field dependence at lower electric field strengths (∼<3 × 105 V/cm). Variations in the transit time are explained using the variation in the field dependence of hops performed by the carrier inside the ordered and disordered regions. Field dependence of mobility is also simulated with ballistic charge transport inside the ordered regions. At low concentrations of ordered regions (COR), higher carrier mobility is attained with hopping transport (∼<70%). Ballistic transport provides higher mobility at higher COR (∼>70%). This suggests that a very high order inside the ordered region may not necessarily provide higher mobility.