bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Identification of Spironucleus vortens From the Digestive Tract of Discus (Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840) and Its Association With Mixed Bacterial Coinfection
Authors: Pastuszka Anna , Puk Krzysztof , Guz Leszek 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study presents the first case in Poland of isolation and molecular identification of the Spironucleus vortens parasite from the digestive tract of diseased ornamental fish belonging to the species discus fish (Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840). Recently, an increasing percentage of fish submitted for testing to the Department of Biology and Fish Diseases, have been observed that show typical symptoms of hole‐in‐the‐head disease, therefore it is important to have accurate information about this disease. In preparation of this work, two fish were studied. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used a pair of primers designed specifically for this experiment. The amplification product was sequenced and the partial sequence of small ribosomal subunit (18S rRNA) was deposited in the GenBank database. The obtained nucleotide sequence showed a high percentage of identity with the compared sequence of the S. vortens reference strain (98.52%). Additionally, the presence of potentially dangerous bacteria belonging to four species, namely Citrobacter braakii, Acinetobacter lwoffi, Pseudomonas putida and Comamonas testosteroni was confirmed in the material collected from the tested fish. Bacterial isolates were examined biochemically. An antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that in three of the four isolates there appeared resistance to the drugs used.Trial Registration: Clinical trial registration was not required for this study.
Recovery and Survival of Aerosolized Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium on Food‐Grade Rubber, HDPE Plastic, Stainless Steel, and Waxed Cardboard
Authors: Le Tuan , Eifert Joseph D. , Etaka Cyril A. , Strawn Laura K. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTContamination of food contact surfaces by airborne transmission of pathogens from the environment has contributed to disease outbreaks. Therefore, this study evaluated the survival and recovery of aerosolized generic Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium from four food contact surfaces (food‐grade silicone rubber, high‐density polyethylene [HDPE] plastic, stainless steel, and waxed cardboard), after four contact times (10, 20, 40, and 60 min), two relative humidity (RH) levels (high: 80%–90%, low: 40%–50%), three distances from aerosolization source (0, 36.5, and 73 cm; E. coli only), and with and without airflow (E. coli only). ANOVA test with Tukey's HSD at α = 0.05 was used to determine how treatment combinations influenced recovery. At high humidity, E. coli recovery on all materials after 40 min was ~1.0 log lower than recovery after 10 min, and further reduced by 1.0 log at 60 min. At lower humidity, E. coli recovery on all materials was ~1.0 log lower at 10 and 20 min compared with high humidity. Distances exerted no significance, whereas airflow presence lowered E. coli recovery. E. coli survival on all materials declined from ~5.0 log CFU/coupon at 0 h to 3.5 log CFU/coupon at 6 h, and 2.0 log CFU/coupon at 24 h post‐inoculation. E. coli recovery was significantly lower (p < 0.05) on waxed cardboard. Low RH and longer contact time reduced E. coli recovery but not E. faecium. E. faecium recovery was consistent across treatment combinations, with changes < 0.5 log CFU/coupon. The findings are relevant for the survival of bacteria on common food contact surfaces and the potential of transmission to food products.
Activation of the Melatonin Receptor MT1 by the Natural Product Gastrodin to Promote Sleep
Authors: Zhang Lijing , Lan Mengli , Chen Hui , Ward Richard , Zhao Ya , Guo Jing , Xiong Lang , Yang Xiuyu , Pu Yuxuan , Xiang Cheng , An Su , Guo Xiaoxi , Xu Tian‐Rui , Yang Yang 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe activation of melatonin receptors, belonging to the G‐protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) superfamily, has been recognized as a vital approach in the clinical management of sleep disorders. Although the natural agonist melatonin and synthetic agonists (e.g., ramelteon) targeting these receptors have been extensively studied, the identification of natural compounds acting as ligands remains elusive. We applied a combination of methods including GPCR‐induced ERK1/2 MAP kinase phosphorylation assay, inhibition of forskolin‐stimulated cAMP production, drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), solvent‐induced protein precipitation (SIP), 2‐[125I]‐iodomelatonin binding assay, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), and molecular docking to investigate MT1 activation by gastrodin and the gastrodin–MT1 interaction. The in vivo study was performed with mice whose MT1 receptors were knocked down in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain. The sleep behavior and sleep‐related hypothalamic neurotransmitters were evaluated. The results identified that the gastrodin acted as an agonist of MT1 through direct binding to the receptor. The interaction of gastrodin‐MT1 was similar to that of melatonin–MT1. The in vivo sleep‐promoting effect of the gastrodin depended on the presence of MT1 in the SCN and was associated with the hypothalamic neurotransmitters, similarly to melatonin.
The incidence and impact of re‐deployment on registered paediatric critical care nurses
Authors: Whittaker Carli , Credland Nicki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundRe‐deployment of medical, nursing and Allied Health Professional workforce became a more prevalent feature in filling workforce gaps during the Covid‐19 pandemic; however, very little evidence exists surrounding the impact of this re‐deployment of registered nursing workforce. Prior to the Covid‐19 pandemic and subsequently in an attempt to address nursing shortages across paediatric ward areas, there is a growing trend to utilize registered nursing staff more flexibly to meet the demands of the whole organization.AimThe aim of this study was to explore the incidence impact of re‐deployment to cover workforce shortages in the registered paediatric critical care nursing workforce.Study DesignThis is a cross‐sectional electronic survey of paediatric critical care nurses registered with the Paediatric Critical Care Society as nursing members (n = 688). Anonymous quantitative and qualitative data were collected between January and March 2023. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analysed thematically.ResultsThere were 225 participant responses representing 21 of the 26 paediatric critical care units within the United Kingdom. This represents a response rate of 33%. The frequency of re‐deployment ranged from zero to two occurrences per month (n = 195; 87%). Thirty percent (n = 67) of respondents felt that re‐deployment to other wards to cover staffing shortfalls impacted the safety of care delivered to the patients. Five themes were identified: Quality of Care, Wellbeing, Teamwork, Training and Support and Leadership.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the significant impact that re‐deployment has on the paediatric critical care nurse population. With retention of experienced critical care nurses at crisis point, it is essential that we identify factors that contribute to this poor retention and address these factors accordingly. Re‐deployment is a significant factor.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study has provided a greater understanding of the impact of re‐deploying paediatric critical care to cover workforce shortages throughout acute hospital settings.
Frailty and fear of death among geriatric patients in critical care units: A mixed methods study
Authors: Hassan Eman Arafa , Elsayed Shimmaa Mohamed , Monged Heba Hashem , Abdelwahab Basma Taher 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundFrailty, a geriatric syndrome characterized by decreased resilience, is a known risk factor for mortality in critical care settings and can significantly impact a patient's perception of their own health and prognosis.AimTo explore the relationship between frailty and fear of death in geriatric patients admitted to critical care units.Study DesignA convergent parallel mixed methods design was applied.MethodsData were collected from 247 geriatric patients in critical care units from March 2023 to February 2024. Quantitative data included clinical frailty score and death anxiety questionnaire. Qualitative data were gathered through semi‐structured interviews with a subset of 34 participants. Quantitative analysis involved descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke's approach.ResultsQuantitative analysis revealed a positive significant correlation between frailty and death anxiety (r = 0.19, p = 0.003). Additionally, regression analysis identified age (B = 0.69, 95% CI [0.22, 1.15], p = 0.004), lack of social support (B = 2.88, 95% CI [0.28, 5.47], p = 0.030), lower income (B = −5.33, 95% CI [−9.03, −1.63], p = 0.005) and higher frailty scores (B = 0.83, 95% CI [0.10, 1.56], p = 0.025) as significant predictors of increased death anxiety. Qualitative findings yielded four key themes: the impact of frailty on perception of mortality, the psychological and emotional dimensions of fear of death, the role of the critical care unit environment on fear of death and coping mechanisms and support.ConclusionFrailty in geriatric critically ill patients heightened death anxiety due to physical decline, existential worries and the overwhelming critical care environment.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study can help nurses provide more personalized care to geriatric patients by addressing both their physical frailty and psychological needs related to fear of death. This, in turn, can improve the quality of care and enhance patient satisfaction.
Kākāʻōlelo: Logic in Hawaiian Terms
Authors: Ing Michael David Kaulana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIn January 1902, Joseph Mokuʻōhai Poepoe began publishing a monthly journal titled Ke Kanawai (the law). As an attorney, author, and editor, Poepoe endeavored to provide resources in ka ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi (the Hawaiian language) for Kanaka (Hawaiians) living in a world now governed by American law. The three extant issues (January through March) contain a column titled “Kakaolelo—Logika,” a transliteration of “logic” paired with the term “kākāʻōlelo,” commonly glossed as “oration,” “counsel,” or “debate,” but traditionally referring to cultural specialists that advised leaders and were known for being adept in speaking. This column is likely the earliest prolonged engagement with western philosophy by a Kanaka writing in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi. The purpose of this article is to lay the groundwork for further discussing questions of comparative philosophy in a Hawaiian context. Thus, the article proceeds in two parts. First, I contextualize the column within its historical setting; then, I translate the column. This will set the stage for future work of interpretation and comparison.
In-Situ Concentration Measurement of Blended Hydrogen Gas Using Sensor Fusion Enhanced by Machine Learning Model
Authors: Costa Marcos , Lee Hansaem , Kim Seonghwan , Hugo Ron , Park Simon S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Blending hydrogen (H2) into natural gas via existing pipelines presents a practical method for H2 transportation. However, accurately measuring the H2 concentration in these blends is crucial for safety, operational efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and energy content tracking. This study proposes an effective sensor fusion system for in-site measurement of blended H2 concentration by combining ultrasonic and thermal conductivity (TC) sensors. To test this system, these sensors were installed in a pipeline along with pressure, temperature, and humidity sensors to compensate for environmental factors, while mass flow controllers regulated gas composition. Calibration across the full range of H2 concentrations confirmed the suitability of ultrasonic and TC sensors for H2 measurement. A dataset comprising 185 sensing data points under various environmental conditions was collected to train a machine-learning model for in-site H2 measurement. The evaluation of the model demonstrated higher accuracy in H2 measurement through sensor fusion compared to individual models, with the optimized model exhibiting excellent performance, achieving a coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.98 between actual and measured values. While this study was conducted under limited environmental conditions, it is anticipated that accurate H2 concentration measurement will be feasible in more diverse environments with additional sensor data collected in the future.
Prediction of Critical Exposure Temperature (CET) of Natural Gas Pipeline– a Practical Approach
Authors: Ebrahimnia Bajestan Ehsan , Saad Bassam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The minimum working temperature of metal pipeline is a critical parameter for design and integrity management of pipelines and facilities piping. This design temperature is called Critical Exposure Temperature (CET). In this research, a novel practical approach to model CET of buried pipelines was proposed and explained. This approach can replace the transient models which are computationally costly, and in some situations, measurement thermal sensors, which can be expensive and practically challenging. The present technique considers a wide range of effective parameters governing pipeline temperature. The estimated CET is influenced by thermal interactions among gas flow, pipeline wall, surrounding soil and ambient air. It also takes into account the convection heat transfer inside the pipeline, conduction through the pipe wall, coating layer, soil, and convection heat transfer with ambient air. The developed transient heat transfer model was solved to obtain the minimum soil temperature over time. Then, a reduced order model (ROM) was derived to correlate the predicted minimum soil temperatures with soil type, soil depth and climate condition. The developed ROM was combined with an analytical thermal-hydraulic model for natural gas pipelines to predict CET. This novel method was programmed in Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and finalized as a simplified calculation tool for CET prediction.
A Novel Spatial-Temporal Hybrid Framework for Natural Gas Consumption Prediction
Authors: Niu Pengtao , Du Jian , Zheng Jianqin , Xu Ning , Liao Qi , Liang Yongtu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Efficient scheduling of natural gas pipeline networks and reliable gas supply are contingent upon the accuracy and dependability of consumption forecasts. In light of this, a novel point-interval prediction framework for natural gas consumption is proposed. Firstly, a high-quality correlation graph is constructed based on the topological structure of the pipeline network and historical natural gas consumption data, and a graph convolutional network is established for topological structure learning. Subsequently, time series data is collected, and gated recurrent units are employed to extract temporal features. Next, historical time series data and the correlation graph are fed into a hybrid deep learning network to forecast natural gas consumption. Finally, adaptive bandwidth kernel density estimation (ABKDE) is employed to compute prediction intervals for natural gas consumption at various confidence levels. The model is validated through comparative experiments using real-world natural gas consumption cases. The results indicate that in all scenarios, the model’s mean absolute relative error and root mean square relative error consistently remain below 0.11 and 0.14, respectively. Moreover, the predictive interval coverage probability and predictive interval normalized average width surpass those of other advanced models, such as decision trees and gated recurrent units, demonstrating significant improvements. This work can provide decision-making support for the scheduling and operational optimization of natural gas pipeline networks.
Safety Assurance of LOPC MAH Scenarios That Have Potential to Result in Fatality
Authors: Ferdous Refaul , Ainsworth Michael , McKechnie Doug , Keane Sean 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Enbridge operates the world’s longest and most complex crude oil and liquids transportation system, with approximately 28,000 kilometers of active pipeline across North America. The system transports a wide variety of crude oil and liquid products ranging from heavy crude to Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) via various sizes and lengths of pipeline that traverse populated areas such as city, town and sensitive public places.
An ignition of a hypothetical hydrocarbon releases from the pipeline system in populated areas represents a hazard to health and safety with potential to lead to fatalities and/or injuries. Such scenarios with catastrophic consequence are often referred to as Major Accident Hazards (MAH) and a focus on MAH is common in Safety Case regimes (e.g. UK HSE).
Enbridge’s liquid pipeline system executes systematic, comprehensive, and proactive approaches to achieve safety and reliability objectives across the lifecycle of assets. As part of integrity assurance, Safety Case assessments include a focus on MAH. The Safety Case assessment of MAH is comprehensive and considers process and non-process LoPC scenarios that have potential to lead to MAH and includes assessment of the controls relied on to manage risk. The assessment methodology is scalable and utilizes qualitative and quantitative risk methods. The results of the Safety Case assessment bring visibility to the information useful for establishing confidence in the systems relied on to achieve the safety and reliability objectives.
This paper provides a high-level description of the Safety Case assurance methodology deployed by Enbridge specific to LoPC MAH scenario related to Health & Safety impact in a facility setting. The methodology is compared to best practice from other regulatory regimes. Enbridge has continued to develop the integrity Safety Case program over the past years and this paper discusses observations, including benefits and challenges, from applying the Safety Case assurance methodology within a large operating company.
Accounting for Corrosion Growth and Interaction in Future Severity Assessments
Authors: Dawson Jane , Farnie Steve 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The determination of corrosion growth rates and their application in the prediction of future severity is a critical part of pipeline integrity management. Accurate corrosion growth rates are needed to predict pipeline reliability as a function of time, to identify the need for and timing of field investigations and/or repairs and to determine optimum re-inspection intervals. The consequences associated with both underestimating and overestimating growth rates can be significant in terms of both safety and resource performance.
The use of repeat ILI data to match and compare metal loss sites in order to estimate the corrosion growth rates at individual defects along a pipeline is a well-used and established practice in the industry. There are many ways that corrosion growth rates can be used in future integrity predictions with most approaches only accounting for corrosion growth in the depth dimension taking no account of surface area growth and potential interactions between adjacent corrosion areas over time.
Now that we have a wealth of historical data with 3, 4 or even 5 sets of ILI data for the same pipelines we are able to experiment with more advanced three-dimensional modelling and have the ability to test new approaches vs actual “truth” data. With the benefit of this progressive viewpoint, the methodologies employed for evaluating and applying ILI based corrosion rates are being further improved and refined to give more accurate predictions of the future pipeline condition, the response schedule and for setting the timing of re-inspections.
This paper describes a new approach that predicts how areas of corrosion can increase in depth over-time and in surface area by combining with surrounding corrosion defects and with newly developing defects. The main differences between this approach and the more commonly used approaches are:
• It does not use fixed individual defect or pipe spool growth rates, but instead uses local growth rate distributions drawn from groups of corrosion defects under the same or very similar corrosive environments.
• The assessment accounts for growth in all three dimensions (depth, length and width) and models the more complex interaction between nearby areas of corrosion.
• It uses a machine learning model to predict the location and pattern of potential new corrosion sites.
This new approach is illustrated and compared to the more commonly used methodologies via the use of case studies on real ILI data sets.
Landing Zone Guidance for Welds on In-Service Pipelines
Authors: Bruce William A. , Boring Matt , Finneran Shane , Hoehman Lee 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Prior to making welds on an in-service pipeline for the purpose of installing full-encirclement repair sleeves or hot tap branch connections, it is customary to inspect the pipe wall in the zones where these welds will “land.” A recently completed Phase 1 of a joint industry project (JIP) at DNV [1] focused on developing guidance for these landing zones, both in terms of inspection procedures and acceptance criteria for indications discovered during inspection.
The primary purpose of the pre-weld pipe wall inspection is to ensure adequate thickness to prevent burnthrough, where the welding arc causes the pipe wall to be penetrated, and to investigate for the presence of discontinuities — laminations in particular — within the pipe wall. Laminations are internal separations that create layers parallel to the pipe surface. The presence of a lamination can reduce the effective thickness of the pipe wall resulting in a risk of burnthrough even though the nominal wall thickness is considered to be sufficient.
Recent trends in inspection practices have resulted in indications discovered during pre-weld pipe wall inspection being misidentified as laminations when they are actually small, isolated non-metallic inclusions that do not represent a pipe wall separation. This misidentification has resulted in the need to extend the length of full-encirclement repair sleeves, sometime by significant amounts, and relocate hot tap branch connections. Extending the length of repair sleeves increases the cost of repair activities, as well as the required extent of welding and time for which the ditch must be open. Long repair sleeves are also heavy, which can result in additional bending stresses in the pipeline at the sleeve ends. The ability to avoid this misidentification will decrease the cost of repair and increase the integrity of the repaired pipeline.
The work in Phase 1 began with a review of current industry practices. Welding trials were then conducted on pipe materials with both true laminations and with indications that were reported to be laminations but were misidentified. Following welding, metallographic examination was carried out to identify any changes to the mid-wall features, such as the presence of lamellar tearing. The results of the review and the experimental work were used to develop recommended acceptance criteria to differentiate between inclusions and laminations. Lastly, recommended practices for the pre-weld pipe wall inspection were developed. This paper will present an outline of guidance that was developed. Additional welding trials are planned for Phase 2 of the JIP to further validate the guidance that has been developed to date.