bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 increases epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling by inducing amphiregulin expression and attenuates response to EGFR inhibitors in colon cancer
Authors: Hong Chang‐Soo , Sun Eun‐Gene , Choi Ji‐Na , Kim Dae‐Hwan , Kim Jo‐Heon , Ryu Kyung‐Hyun , Shim Hyun‐Jeong , Hwang Jun‐Eul , Bae Woo‐Kyun , Kim Hyeong‐Rok , Kim Kyung Keun , Jung Chaeyong , Chung Ik‐Joo , Cho Sang‐Hee 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR4) is known to induce cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and antiapoptosis through activation of RAS/RAF/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, which are also known as major molecular bases of colon cancer carcinogenesis related with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. However, the interaction between FGFR4 and EGFR signaling in regard to colon cancer progression is unclear. Here, we investigated a potential cross‐talk between FGFR4 and EGFR, and the effect of anti‐EGFR therapy in colon cancer treatment. To explore the biological roles of FGFR4 in cancer progression, RNA sequencing was carried out using FGFR4 transfected colon cell lines. Gene ontology data showed the upregulation of genes related to EGFR signaling, and we identified that FGFR4 overexpression secretes EGFR ligands such as amphiregulin (AREG) with consequent activation of EGFR and ErbB3. This result was also shown in in vivo study and the cooperative interaction between EGFR and FGFR4 promoted tumor growth. In addition, FGFR4 overexpression reduced cetuximab‐induced cytotoxicity and the combination of FGFR4 inhibitor (BLU9931) and cetuximab showed profound antitumor effect compared to cetuximab alone. Clinically, we found the positive correlation between FGFR4 and AREG expression in tumor tissue, but not in normal tissue, from colon cancer patients and these expressions were significantly correlated with poor overall survival in patients treated with cetuximab. Therefore, our results provide the novel mechanism of FGFR4 in connection with EGFR activation and the combination of FGFR4 inhibitor and cetuximab could be a promising therapeutic option to achieve the optimal response to anti‐EGFR therapy in colon cancer.
Clinical factors before or after device implantation in predicting metal hypersensitivity reactions: A retrospective study
Authors: Tam Idy , Yu JiaDe , Ko Lauren N. , Schalock Peter C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMetal hypersensitivity reactions (MHR) as a cause of implant‐related complications are highly debated and recommendations regarding pre‐procedural allergy evaluation vary dramatically.ObjectiveTo examine patients referred before or after device implantation and identify factors that could be useful to guide the value of patch testing.MethodsPatients who underwent patch testing pre‐ or post‐device implantation between July 2006 and September 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsA series of 127 patients underwent patch testing: pre‐implantation (n = 40) and post‐implantation (n = 87). In the pre‐implant group, a history of metal allergy demonstrated high sensitivity (0.94; 95% CI: 0.83–1.00) and negative likelihood ratio (0.17; 95% CI:0.02–1.29) for diagnosing MHR. No predictive value could be ascribed to any of the clinical symptoms (eg dermatitis, pain, swelling, implant failure, and/or other symptoms) for patients referred following orthopaedic and dental post device implantation. Eight patients in the orthopaedic group and six patients in dental group with relevant patch test reactions underwent implant revisions, and seven and five patients improved, respectively.ConclusionsPre‐implant patch testing for selected individuals with a history of metal allergy can help guide implant choice. Post‐implant patch testing may be helpful in some patients if other causes have been excluded, as patients with confirmed MHR benefited from revisions.
How cross‐shareholding influences financial reporting: Evidence from Japan
Authors: Muramiya Katsuhiko , Takada Tomomi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch Question/IssueThis study investigates the effect of cross‐shareholding on financial reporting and the information environment in the Japanese market and hypothesizes that higher cross‐shareholding is related to lower contract‐efficient earnings recognition and higher information asymmetry because cross‐shareholding entrenches managers. Furthermore, we investigate whether managers try to maximize their self‐interest or to enjoy a quiet life when they are isolated from market pressure and entrenched owing to cross‐shareholding.Research Findings/InsightsUsing a unique dataset on cross‐shareholding among Japanese listed firms, we find that higher cross‐shareholding is associated with (1) less timely loss recognition and (2) higher probability of information‐based trading. Further investigation clarifies that higher cross‐shareholdings are related to (3) lower absolute forecast error and (4) lower R&D expenditures. The first two findings indicate that cross‐shareholding entrenches managers, and the last two findings show that entrenched managers enjoy a quiet life.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsThis study contributes to the corporate governance literature by providing new evidence that cross‐shareholding influences financial reporting and the information environment in the market by inducing managers to become entrenched and to enjoy a quiet life.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study provides implications for policymakers in markets in which cross‐shareholding is a common ownership format. To enhance contract‐efficient financial reporting and/or reduce information asymmetry in the market, it may be necessary to reduce cross‐shareholding.
Acrosyringeal variant of extragenital lichen sclerosus et atrophicus
Authors: Lee Seon Bok , Heo Ji Hye , Yoon Hee Seong , Lee Si Hyub , Byun Ji Won , Choi Gwang Seong , Shin Jeonghyun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLichen sclerosus et atrophicus (LSA) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of the anogenital area, and approximately 15% to 20% of patients with LSA have extragenital lesions. Here, we report the case of an 18‐year‐old Korean man presenting with multiple asymptomatic punctated hypopigmented atrophic macules on the dorsa of both feet. Dermoscopic examination revealed hypopigmented atrophic macules with several central keratotic plugs. The histopathologic findings indicated LSA but were confined to the acrosyringium. Based on the clinical and histopathological findings, the patient was diagnosed with an acrosyringeal variant of extragenital LSA. The patient in this case showed a unique histopathological finding in which the typical features of LSA were confined to the acrosyringium, as well as an unusual clinical presentation of non‐coalescing atrophic punctate macules on the dorsum of the feet.
Performance of a factory‐calibrated, real‐time continuous glucose monitoring system during elective abdominal surgery
Authors: Tripyla Afroditi , Herzig David , Joachim Dehais , Nakas Christos T. , Amiet Franziska , Andreou Andreas , Gloor Beat , Vogt Andreas , Bally Lia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe assessed the performance of the factory‐calibrated, sixth‐generation continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system Dexcom G6® (DexCom Inc., San Diego, California) during elective abdominal surgery. Twenty adults with (pre)diabetes undergoing abdominal surgery (>2 hours; 15 men, age 69 ± 13 years, glycated haemoglobin 53 ± 14 mmol/mol) wore the sensor from 1 week prior to surgery until hospital discharge. From induction of anaesthesia until 2 hours post‐surgery, reference capillary glucose values were obtained every 20 minutes using the Accu‐Chek® Inform II meter (Roche Diabetes Care, Mannheim, Germany). The primary endpoint was the mean absolute relative difference (ARD) between sensor and reference method during this period. In total, 1207 CGM/reference pairs were obtained. In the peri‐operative period (523 pairs), mean ± SD and median (interquartile range [IQR]) ARD were 12.7% ± 8.7% and 9.9 (6.3;15.9)%, respectively, and 67.4% of sensor readings were within International Organization of Standardization 15197:2013 limits. CGM overestimated reference glucose by 1.1 ± 0.8 mmol/L (95% limits of agreement −0.5;2.7 mmol/L). Clarke error grid zones A or B contained 99.2% of pairs (A: 78.8%; B: 20.4%). The median (IQR) peri‐operative sensor availability was 98.6 (95.9;100.0)%. No clinically significant adverse events occurred. In conclusion, the Dexcom G6 device showed consistent and acceptable accuracy during elective abdominal surgery, opening new avenues for peri‐operative glucose management.
A simple score to predict early death after kidney transplantation
Authors: Bamoulid Jamal , Frimat Marie , Courivaud Cécile , Crepin Thomas , Gaiffe Emilie , Hazzan Marc , Ducloux Didier 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have focused on risk stratification for premature death after transplantation. However, stratification of individual risk is an essential step in personalized care.Material and methodsWe have developed a risk score of early post‐transplant death (ORLY score) in a prospective multicentre cohort including 942 patients and validated our model in a retrospective independent replication cohort including 874 patients.Results60 patients (6.4%) from the prospective cohort died during the first three‐year post‐transplant. Age, male gender, diabetes, dialysis duration and chronic respiratory failure were associated with early post‐transplant death. The multivariable model exhibited good discrimination ability (C‐index = 0.78, 95%CI [0.75‐0.81]). ORLY score highly predicted early death after transplantation (1.34; 95%CI, 1.22 to 1.48 for each increase of 1 point in score; P < .001). The predictive value of the score in the validation cohort was close to that observed in the experimental cohort (1.41; 95%CI, 1.27 to 1.56 for each increase of 1 point in score; P < .001). Merging the two cohorts, four categories of risk could be individualized: low, 0‐5 (n = 522, mean risk, 1%); intermediate, 6‐7 (n = 739, mean risk 4.7%); moderate, 8‐10 (n = 429, mean risk 10%); and high risk 11‐15 (n = 132, mean risk 19%).ConclusionsThe ORLY score discriminates patients with high risk of early death.
Climate change impacts on soil salinity in agricultural areas
Authors: Corwin Dennis L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChanges in climate patterns are dramatically influencing some agricultural areas. Arid, semi‐arid and coastal agricultural areas are especially vulnerable to climate change impacts on soil salinity. Inventorying and monitoring climate change impacts on salinity are crucial to evaluate the extent of the problem, to recognize trends and to formulate irrigation and crop management strategies that will maintain the agricultural productivity of these areas. Over the past three decades, Corwin and colleagues at the U.S. Salinity Laboratory (USSL) have developed proximal sensor and remote imagery methodologies for assessing soil salinity at multiple scales. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact climate change has had on selected agricultural areas experiencing weather pattern changes, with a focus on the use of proximal and satellite sensors to assess salinity development. Evidence presented in case studies for Californiaʼs San Joaquin Valley (SJV) and Minnesotaʼs Red River Valley (RRV) demonstrates the utility of these sensor approaches in assessing soil salinity changes due to changes in weather patterns. Agricultural areas are discussed where changes in weather patterns have increased root‐zone soil salinity, particularly in areas with shallow water tables (SJV and RRV), coastal areas with seawater intrusion (e.g., Bangladesh and the Gaza Strip) and water‐scarce areas potentially relying on degraded groundwater as an irrigation source (SJV and Murray‐Darling River Basin). Trends in salinization due to climate change indicate that the infrastructure and protocols to monitor soil salinity from field to regional to national to global scales are needed.Highlights
Climate change will have a negative impact on agriculture, particularly in arid regions.
Proximal/remote sensors are useful to assess climate change impact on soil salinity across scales.
Salt‐water intrusion, shallow water tables and degraded water reuse will increase soil salinity.
Infrastructure and protocols to monitor soil salinity across multiple scales are needed.
Introducing a mechanistic model in digital soil mapping to predict soil organic matter stocks in the Cantabrian region (Spain)
Authors: Hendriks Chantal Mechtildis Johanna , Stoorvogel Jetse Jacob , Álvarez‐Martínez Jose Manuel , Claessens Lieven , Pérez‐Silos Ignacio , Barquín José 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDigital soil mapping (DSM) is an effective mapping technique that supports the increased need for quantitative soil data. In DSM, soil properties are correlated with environmental characteristics using statistical models such as regression. However, many of these relationships are explicitly described in mechanistic simulation models. Therefore, the mechanistic relationships can, in theory, replace the statistical relationships in DSM. This study aims to develop a mechanistic model to predict soil organic matter (SOM) stocks in Natura2000 areas of the Cantabria region (Spain). The mechanistic model is established in four steps: (a) identify major processes that influence SOM stocks, (b) review existing models describing the major processes and the respective environmental data that they require, (c) establish a database with the required input data, and (d) calibrate the model with field observations. The SOM stocks map resulting from the mechanistic model had a mean error (ME) of −2 t SOM ha−1 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 66 t SOM ha−1. The Lin's concordance correlation coefficient was 0.47 and the amount of variance explained (AVE) was 0.21. The results of the mechanistic model were compared to the results of a statistical model. It turned out that the correlation coefficient between the two SOM stock maps was 0.8. This study illustrated that mechanistic soil models can be used for DSM, which brings new opportunities. Mechanistic models for DSM should be considered for mapping soil characteristics that are difficult to predict by statistical models, and for extrapolation purposes.Highlights
Theoretically, mechanistic models can replace the statistical relationships in digital soil mapping.
Mechanistic soil models were used to develop a mechanistic model for digital soil mapping that predicted SOM stocks.
The applicability of the mechanistic approach needs to be explored for different soil properties and regions.
Trajectories of quality of life 10 years following a diagnosis of epilepsy in childhood
Authors: Puka Klajdi , Ferro Mark A. , Camfield Carol S. , Levin Simon D. , Smith Mary Lou , Wiebe Samuel , Zou Guangyong , Anderson Kelly K. , Speechley Kathy N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study estimated trajectories of health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) over a 10‐year period among children newly diagnosed with epilepsy. We also modeled the characteristics of children, parents, and families associated with each identified trajectory.MethodsData came from the HERQULES (Health‐Related Quality of Life in Children With Epilepsy Study), a Canada‐wide prospective cohort study of children (aged 4‐12 years) with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Parents reported on their children's HRQOL at diagnosis, and at 0.5‐, 1‐, 2‐, 8‐, and 10‐year follow‐ups using the Quality of Life in Childhood Epilepsy Questionnaire–55. Trajectories of HRQOL were identified using latent class growth models. Characteristics of children, parents, and families at the time of diagnosis that were associated with each trajectory were identified using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsA total of 367 children were included. Four unique HRQOL trajectories were identified; 11% of the cohort was characterized by low and stable scores, 18% by intermediate and stable scores, 35% by intermediate scores that increased then plateaued, and 43% by high scores that increased then plateaued. Absence of comorbidities, less severe epilepsy, and better family environment (greater satisfaction with family relationships and fewer family demands) at the time of diagnosis were associated with better long‐term HRQOL trajectories. Although the analyses used estimates for missing values and accounted for any nonrandom attrition, the proportion of children with poorer HRQOL trajectories may be underestimated.SignificanceChildren with new onset epilepsy are heterogenous and follow unique HRQOL trajectories over the long term. Overall, HRQOL improves for the majority in the first 2 years after diagnosis, with these improvements sustained over the long term.
Crooked tail carriage in horses: Increased prevalence in lame horses and those with thoracolumbar epaxial muscle tension or sacroiliac joint region pain
Authors: Hibbs K. C. , Jarvis G. E. , Dyson S. J. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe relationship between lameness and crooked tail carriage (CTC) in horses is unclear. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine the association between CTC and lameness; (ii) among lame horses, to determine associations between CTC and lameness diagnosis, saddle slip, thoracolumbar range of motion (ROM), epaxial muscle tension and pain, and sacroiliac joint region (SIJR) pain, and (iii) to determine whether abolition of lameness and SIJR pain by diagnostic anaesthesia modified CTC. In this study, 520 lame and 170 nonlame sports horses were examined for CTC and other characteristics by one clinician (S.J.D.). All horses were evaluated when ridden. Lame horses were also assessed in hand and on the lunge. Crooked tail carriage, its direction, lameness, musculoskeletal and tack‐related parameters were recorded as binary variables and analysed using 2 × 2 contingency tables. Sacroiliac joint region pain was diagnosed using local anaesthesia. Standard errors are shown in square brackets. 32.5% of lame horses had CTC, compared with 5.3% of nonlame horses (odds ratio = 8.6 [confidence intervals 4.4, 16.7]; P = 2×10−12). Of 169 lame horses with CTC, 103 (60.9% [3.8%]) held their tail to the left. There was no association between the side of the predominant lame limb and CTC direction. However, CTC was more common (P = 0.005) in horses with hindlimb lameness (35.7% [2.4%], N = 401) compared with forelimb lameness (21.0% [4.1%], N = 100). Crooked tail carriage was associated with SIJR pain (P = 0.0007) and thoracolumbar epaxial muscle tension (P = 0.0007), but not with saddle slip, reduced thoracolumbar ROM or thoracolumbar epaxial muscle pain. Limitations of the study included the facts that nonlame horses were a convenience sample and lameness assessment, other clinical observations and determination of the presence of CTC were subjective, with potential for bias. Video recordings and photographs are available for verification of tail position. It was concluded that CTC is more prevalent in lame horses than nonlame horses. There is a positive association between CTC and hindlimb lameness, SIJR pain and thoracolumbar epaxial muscle tension.
Understanding the significance of cytokines and chemokines in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata
Authors: Ito Taisuke , Kageyama Reiko , Nakazawa Shinsuke , Honda Tetsuya 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlopecia areata has basically been understood as a type 1 inflammatory disease. Activated NKG2D+CD8+ cells produce the Th1 cytokine interferon‐γ, which leads to the disruption of immune tolerance of hair follicles and the exposure of self‐antigens. This results in dense inflammatory cell infiltration and apoptosis around hair follicles, inducing hair loss. A well‐known complication of alopecia areata is atopic dermatitis, a typical type 2 inflammatory disease. Hair scientists have shied away from confronting and understanding how alopecia areata, a type 1 inflammatory disease, and atopic dermatitis, a type 2 inflammatory disease, can occur together. This review summarizes the research on the cytokine balance in alopecia areata and then focuses on the classification of the cytokine balance in alopecia areata, including the classification of atopic dermatitis into extrinsic and intrinsic types. Dupilumab reportedly showed dual efficacy in a patient with concomitant atopic dermatitis and alopecia areata, supporting our own experience. Elevated Th2 cytokine levels have also been reported in patients with alopecia areata, with increased serum IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6 levels, high IgE levels and elevated eosinophil levels. Because local immunotherapy is a treatment that induces Th2‐type inflammation, it may worsen the condition of alopecia areata patients with extrinsic atopic dermatitis. It is desirable to select appropriate treatments with consideration of the cytokine balance.
Links Between Work–Family Conflict, Enrichment, and AdolescentWell‐Being: Parents' and Children's Perspectives
Authors: Matias Marisa , Recharte Joana 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo analyze both parents' and adolescents' perspectives on work–family conflict (WFC) and enrichment (WFE) and its crossover to adolescent well‐being, via quality of parent–child relationships.BackgroundParents' work and family experiences are associated with parenting and may crossover to adolescent well‐being. Adolescents' outcomes and perceptions about parents' work–family balance have been disregarded, despite acknowledgment of adolescence as a crucial developmental period.MethodA convenience sample of 209 dual‐earner families including both couple members and their adolescent children (aged 13–18 years) participated. WFC, WFE, and parent–child relationship dimensions (coercion, autonomy support, and warmth) were addressed by both parents' and adolescent perspectives, while adolescent well‐being was assessed using children's report. A nested design and dyadic data analyses with SEM were used.ResultsMothers' WFC and both parents' WFE were significantly associated with the quality of the relationships with children, and only mothers' WFC was indirectly linked to the well‐being of adolescents. The perceptions of adolescents show that both parents' WFE was linked to the quality of the relationship with children, but only mothers' WFE was indirectly linked to the well‐being of adolescents.ConclusionThese findings emphasize adolescents' critical perspective over their parents' work–family interface and highlight the importance of considering multiple informants in research.ImplicationsPractitioners may use these findings to foster a sensible approach on how the work–family interface interferes with parent–adolescent relationship, diminishing strains rooted on parents' perspective. Discussion groups on work–family linkages and vocational programs that allow adolescents to think critically about their parents' work experiences and how it affects them.