bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust model predictive control of an anaesthesia workstation ventilation unit
Authors: Männel Georg , Siebert Marlin , Brendle Christian , Rostalski Philipp 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Respiratory support is a key element of modern medical care, ranging from oxygen therapy to full ventilatory support. A central component of mechanical ventilation is the control of the resulting pneumatic quantities such as pressure and flow. In this article the use of robust model predictive control for pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation is proposed, with the goal of increasing the safety of the patient by considering physiological safety constraints. The uncertainty in the estimation of physiological model parameters as well as model uncertainties are considered as disturbances to the system, which are taken into account through the proposed robust model predictive control framework. The practical applicability of this control approach is illustrated in an implementation on a research demonstrator of the ventilation unit from an anaesthesia workstation.
Silver-loaded carbon nanofibers for ammonia sensing
Authors: Yu Yang , Xin Xin , Zhang Shanxiang , Sui Jinxia , Yu Jing , Wang Xiaoxiong , Long Yun-Ze 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were prepared by electrospinning, and silver (Ag) ions were grown on the surface of the CNFs by in situ solution synthesis. The structure and morphology of obtained Ag-doped CNFs (Ag-CNFs) were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The gas sensibility of the composite fiber was investigated by ammonia (NH3) obtained by natural volatilization from 1 to 4 mL of NH3 solution at room temperature. It was found that the fibers exhibited a sensitive current corresponding to different NH3 concentrations and a greater response at high concentrations. The sensing mechanism was discussed, and the good absorptivity was demonstrated. The results show that Ag-CNF is a promising material for the detection of toxic NH3.
Bayesian Estimation of an M/M/𝑅 Queue with Heterogeneous Servers Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Deepthi V. , Jose Joby K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the Bayesian inference of M/M/𝑅 queue with 𝑅 heterogeneous servers with service rates \mu_{1},\mu_{2},\ldots,\mu_{R}, where \mu_{1}>\mu_{2}>\cdots>\mu_{R}.
Assuming multivariate gamma prior distribution for service rates and gamma prior distribution for arrival rate 𝜆, we derive the conditional posterior densities of mean arrival rate and mean service rates.
We apply the Markov chain Monte Carlo method and compute the Bayes estimates and credible interval for the M/M/3 queue, as a particular case of the M/M/𝑅 queue under squared error loss function, entropy loss function and linex loss function corresponding to a different set of hyperparameters.
Surrogate-in-Chief: Did Bill Clinton’s Campaign Visits Help (or Hurt) Hillary Clinton in 2016?
Authors: Devine Christopher J. , Weinschenk Aaron C. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this article, we examine the role that campaign visits by spouses and surrogates play in modern presidential campaigns. Specifically, we analyze the strategy and effectiveness of Bill Clinton’s campaign visits in 2016. Given the former president’s widespread name recognition and reputation as a legendary campaigner, we argue that he represents an ideal test case for determining whether the spouse of a presidential or vice presidential candidate can influence vote choice, via campaign visits. Our analysis indicates that Bill Clinton was, in fact, very active on the campaign trail in 2016 – making nearly as many visits as Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. However, Bill Clinton mostly followed in Hillary Clinton’s footsteps on the campaign trail, giving him little opportunity to win over voters that she could not reach. His campaign visits also had no discernible effect on county-level voting, generally, in the 10 states to which he traveled. Yet, when we examine the effect of Clinton’s visits within states, we find that he had a positive and statistically significant effect on Democratic vote share in the battleground state of Florida. He had no such effect in the two states to which he traveled most often, however (North Carolina and Ohio). Overall, we find very limited evidence that campaign surrogates – and candidate spouses, specifically – can influence vote choice via their campaign visits. We discuss the implications of these findings for future research on the role of campaign surrogates, and their relevance to the 2020 presidential campaign.
The Changing Politics of American Men, Updated
Authors: Kaufmann Karen , Petrocik John R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This analysis updates through 2016 the gender gap analysis in voting and party identification published by Kaufmann and Petrocik 20 years ago. Some, e.g., Box-Steffensmeier, J. M., S. DeBoef, and T. M. Lin. 2004. “The Dynamics of the Partisan Gender Gap.” American Political Science Review 98 (3): 515–28 suggested that the original findings would diminish in magnitude, but the updated data show that the gender gap continues to reflect male-only changes in party identification. Public officials, political operatives, and the media misstate, sometimes specifically but often only by implication, the nature of the gap. Commentary highlights the lower level of support among women for the Republican Party in both the vote and party identification. Their support for the GOP is considerably lower than it is among men as this paper reaffirms. However, as Kaufmann, K. M., and J. R. Petrocik. 1999. “The Changing Politics of American Men: Understanding the Sources of the Gender Gap.” American Journal of Political Science 43 (3): 864–87 noted, the gap emerged and has continued to grow because of changed attitudes and behavior among men.
Exploring the relationship between language and Europe from a cognitive-linguistic perspective using Concept Maps
Authors: Krämer Corinna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to explore the mentally represented and linguistically bound concepts of Europe of young learners. Special attention is not given to the declarative and school generated knowledge about the EU, but rather to the lexical-semantic knowledge of the learners, which is activated at the lexical impulse {euro[pa/ä]} as part of a concept in the mental lexicon. It aims to find out which knowledge elements learners link with the lexical impulse and which dispositions and pre-concepts the learners have when it comes to Europe in the school context, in educational media or in everyday teaching-learning-situations. Therefore, concept maps are used as a survey instrument and evaluated using a corpus-linguistic approach.
Redefining pragmatic competence among modular interactions and beyond
Authors: Mao Tiaoyuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLanguage is a perfect system that satisfies the conditions imposed by the external performance/interpretive systems, but how the external systems interact with the core syntax is partially understood. With reference to Chomsky’s dichotomy of grammatical and pragmatic competences, this paper tentatively reformulates an integrated model of pragmatic competence, consisting of an internal and an external part. The former originates from the interaction of the internal syntactic submodule with external but organism-internal submodules, such as semantic, pragmatic and phonological-phonetic modules, and among three external submodules, thus creating thinking activities. The latter refers to the interaction between all organism-internal submodules and organism-external sociocultural factors, namely, mapping the computational results of the organism-internal submodules into the specific sociocultural contexts in communication. Meanwhile, this paper assumes an organism-internal pragmatic module in the Conceptual-Intentional system, providing linguistic and socio-cultural pragmatic knowledge in the operation of the internal and the external pragmatic competences, facilitating both pure thought and sociocultural communications.
Getchell’s method for conversion of Cartesian-geocentric to geodetic coordinates – Its properties and Newtonian alternative
Authors: Kadaj Roman 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper concentrates on the iterative Getchell’s method (formulated in 1972) and its alternative Newtonian implementation for conversion of Cartesian geocentric coordinates into geodetic coordinates. The same basic equation formulated in the Getchell’s method is used in both cases. The equation has a stable form in the whole range of argument (latitude) variation

⟨
−
π
/
2
,
π
/
2
⟩

\langle -\pi /2,\pi /2\rangle

. The original Getchell’s method (somehow “forgotten”) has a simple geometric interpretation and its applications turn out to be particularly effective. Many studies on iterative algorithms usually omit theoretical proofs of convergence replacing them with conclusions based on numerical examples. This paper presents theoretical proofs of algorithms convergence both for the Getchell’s method and the Newton procedure. The convergence parameter and numerical error of results were estimated in each case. Numerical tests were carried out for a set of points distributed on the Earth’s space, also for extreme h values. For typical practical applications of the Getchell’s method, sufficiently accurate results are obtained after 1–3 iterations, while in the Newton procedure already after one iteration, assuming the same numerical error and initial conditions. The accuracy of the geodetic coordinates determinations meets all practical requirements with some margin. For example an absolute numerical error for latitude is approx.

0.4
·

10

−
13

0.4\cdot {10^{-13}}

[rad] i. e. about 0.00026 mm in the length of the meridian arc. The proposed methods were compared with other methods (algorithms), including in terms of stability and non-singularity in the entire usable space of the Earth, but excluding the near geocenter, which has no practical significance. Both the modification of the Getchell method and its Newtonian alternative are very good determined in this area (in the Earth’s poles, the final solution is directly the starting value of iterative algorithms). The discussed algorithms were implemented in the form of procedures in DELPHI language.
Heart rate variability during cardiovascular reflex testing: the importance of underlying heart rate
Authors: Macartney Michael J. , McLennan Peter L. , Peoples Gregory E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Heart rate variability (HRV) is often measured during clinical and experimental cardiovascular reflex tests (CRT), as a reflection of cardiac autonomic modulation, despite limited characterization of the rapid responses that occur. Therefore, we evaluated the responsiveness of HRV indices in 20 healthy young adults (age, 27 ± 6 y; mass, 76.9 ± 16.8 kg; height, 1.79 ± 0.12 m) during four separate established CRT.

Methods
These included the [I] orthostatic challenge, [II] isometric handgrip, [III] cold pressor and [IV] cold diving reflex tests. Electrocardiogram was recorded throughout, with HRV derived from RR intervals at rest and from each CRT. On a separate day, a subgroup of participants (n=9) completed the same protocol for a second time.

Results
The maximal slope of heart rate change (dTdt) was significantly different between all CRT, with the orthostatic challenge producing the fastest increase (2.56 ± 0.48) and the cold pressor the fastest reduction (−1.93 ± 0.68) in heart rate. Overall HRV, reflected by Poincaré plot ratio (SD1:SD2), was significantly reduced during all CRT ([I], −0.41 ± 0.12; [II], −0.19 ± 0.05; [III], −0.36 ± 0.12; [IV], −0.44 ± 0.11; p<0.05) relative to baseline and this was reproducible in time-series. However, when HRV indices were correlated to mean-RR an exponential growth-like relationship was evident (R2 ranging from: 0.52–0.62).

Conclusions
These unique outcomes demonstrate that short-term alterations in HRV are evident during CRT, while indicating the importance of adjusting for, or at least reporting, underlying heart rate when interpreting such measures.
Mozart und seine Subskription der drei Klavierkonzerte KV 413-415 von 1783
Authors: Monti Alessandro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The research on the history of pricing strategies and decisions by companies and individuals has not received much attention up to now. This is surprising, as pricing is the most important profit driver, and thus an inquiry into the historic origins of price-related decisions by the early modern market operators can yield important insights for both historians and current practitioners on successful marketing strategies. The following article contributes to the research on business history by proposing, first of all, a framework for the conceptual definition between a revenue and a price model. Furthermore, it is shown that subscription-based revenue was generated as early as 1617. The revenue model of the subscription – an early antecedent of today’s crowdfunding scheme – will then be covered in detail by investigating the case of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s piano concertos KV 413-415. The influential composer decided to appeal to a broader target group by using a subscription-based pricing scheme for these three piano concertos in 1783. The subscription however was unsuccessful, and the major reason for this failure as well as Mozart’s probable economic reasoning are elaborated. Finally, the rising modern market forc es, that steered the Viennese music market of the late 18th century towards modern*structures, made sure that market operators at that time tried to adapt to these forces by offering modern and innovative revenue and price models, such as highly differentiated, content-based and time-definite subscriptions.
Why Did German Early Industrial Capitalists Suggest Workers’ Pensions, Arbitration Boards and Minimum Wages?
Authors: Reckendrees Alfred 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Today at the beginning of the 21st century, there is a debate across Europe about how much welfare society should provide, and how much private insurance is possible. Two hundred years ago, in the formative period of industrial capitalism, social problems had long been left to private initiative. Commodification of labour and its concentration in large factories, however, created demand for social protection beyond the limited shelter provided by charity. Representatives of industry in Aachen suggested compulsory factory rules granting rights to workers, compulsory workers’ pension funds, minimum wages and maximum working hours. The article argues that the industrialists’ aim was to stabilize the social order of industrial capitalism by using ideas of social partnership. Labour should not just be pacified, but reconciled with capitalist society. While interpreting social policy as a capitalist aim, the article aims to contribute to the discussion about the origins of the welfare state.
Führen digitales Geld und digitale Bezahlsysteme zu finanzieller Inklusion und Wirtschaftswachstum?
Authors: Pleitgen Verena 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article discusses current proposals and developments in digital currencies and digital payment systems. The focus is on projects for the introduction of central bank digital currencies, cryptocurrencies, the experiences from the Unified Payments Interface in India, E-Wallets and similar offers from big technology companies and the Libra project. Against this background the article tried to shed light on the question of financial inclusion and economic growth as there are still a great number of people without access to bank accounts or internet access worldwide.
The profinite completion of multi-EGS groups
Authors: Thillaisundaram Anitha , Uria-Albizuri Jone 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The class of multi-EGS groups is a generalisation of the well-known Grigorchuk–Gupta–Sidki (GGS-)groups.
Here we classify branch multi-EGS groups with the congruence subgroup property and determine the profinite completion of all branch multi-EGS groups.
Additionally, our results show that branch multi-EGS groups are just infinite.
Evidence of a T/V distinction in European Hebrew
Authors: Yampolskaya Sonya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article presents research on the system of T/V distinction in Hebrew from the 16th to the 20th century. As the article is the first attempt to describe the phenomenon, it aims to give a general overview of the T/V distinction in European Hebrew, introducing new language data, and posing new questions. One book served as terminus a quo for the whole article: Course of the Russian Language by Zalkind (Epstein, Zalkind. 1869. Учебная книга Русскаго Языка. מסלת הלמוד או ספר ללמד לשון רוסיא עם העתקה אל לשון עברי [Course of the Russian language. Path of learning or book to study the language of Russia with translation into Hebrew]. Warsaw: Schriftgisser), written in Hebrew, contains approximately 100 pages of everyday dialogues in both Hebrew and Russian. The question of whether the Hebrew language of the 19th century was a dead or living language is still a matter of debate. In that regard, the course book provides valuable material that does not fit into the framework of the general idea of the history of the Hebrew language. Basic elements of conversational politeness are the focus of the analysis. The system, in which V-forms of address are expressed by a third-person singular, is reconstructed from the conversations in the Epstein’s book and traced back to the 16th century in a wide range of various Hebrew sources. The T/V distinction in Hebrew is also compared to the similar phenomena in Polish and German. Originating before the 16th century, the T/V distinction disappeared in modern Israeli Hebrew. However, it is still in use in some specific communication situations, which can be regarded as residues of earlier forms of traditional speech practices.
To the question of the digital platform “bioinformatics” creating and its system-forming solutions
Authors: Kratov Sergey , Zybarev Yurii 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article reports the main provisions of the concept and solutions for creating the digital platform in the field of bioinformatics and the formation of the thematically oriented and industrial digital ecosystems on its basis. The composition and structure of the digital platform are discussed: information repositories, data and knowledge bases, thematically oriented software repository, task-oriented services for various target groups of users. Within the framework of the platform, it is also planned to organize a system of high-quality access to specialized data centres and high-performance computing infrastructure. Particular attention is devoted to one of the components of such platform - the project office for bioresource collections management. The project office has registered such types of collections as animal collections: wild and laboratory animals, live breeding, museum zoological animal collections, farm animals; plant collections: herbarium funds of plants biological diversity, living collections of natural flora, agricultural plants. Collection types such as collections of human biomaterials, cell culture collections, microorganism collections are important for medical research.
Performance enhancement of ultra-dense WDM over FSO hybrid optical link by incorporating MIMO technique
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Kumar Love 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Free-space optical (FSO) communication is a wireless optical data transmission technology with a high data transmission rate. It has received much attention in recent years as it is cost-effective and has license free operation. It is line of sight free-space communication technique where optical signal severely degraded from atmospheric losses especially due to weather conditions; hence it restricts the link range and data carrying capacity. Therefore, a 16-channel ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing–free space optics (UWDM–FSO) system each having each 10 Gb/s data rate is proposed to enhance the capacity and performance of FSO system. To authenticate the performance of the proposed system, investigation for different modulation formats such as nonreturn to zero (NRZ), return to zero (RZ), carrier suppressed return to zero (CSRZ) and duo binary (DB) are reported. Further, to reduce the atmospheric interference, multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technique is integrated into the proposed system. The outcomes of MIMO–UWDM–FSO link revealed a significant improvement in the bit error rate (BER), eye diagram and Q-factor, under different weather conditions. It is also observed that NRZ modulation formats perform better than RZ, CSRZ and DB formats.
On Varro’s and Cicero’s spelling and pronunciation: A clarification
Authors: Biddau Federico 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
After taking into account the points stressed by Dr. Biddau, I will show that he misinterpreted Varro, Ling. 9.80 and Cic. De orat. 45–46, two basic references of his discussion, and that he did not consider Cicero’s whole passage. On the other hand, he did not focus on the epigraphic situation at all, as it has been described recently by Adams (2007. The regional diversification of Latin 200 BC–AD 600. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.). Therefore, I reject as substantially ungrounded his criticism.
Selection of oxypeucedanin as a potential antagonist from molecular docking analysis of HSP90
Authors: Bamidele Joshua Oluwasegun , Ambrose George Oche , Alakanse Oluwaseun Suleiman 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
HSP90 is observed as one of the copious molecular chaperones that play a key role in mediating appropriate folding, maturation, and firmness of many client proteins in cells. The expression rate of HSP90 in cancer cells is at a level of 2- to 10-fold higher than the 1- to 2-fold of its unstressed and healthy ones. To combat this, several inhibitors to HSP90 protein have been studied (such as geldanamycin and its derivative 17-AAG and 17-DMAG) and have shown some primary side effects including plague, nausea, vomiting, and liver toxicity, hence the search for the best-in-class inhibitor for this protein through in silico. This study is aimed at analyzing the inhibitory potency of oxypeucedanin-a furocoumarin derivations, which have been reported to have antipoliferative activity in human prostrate carcinoma DN145 cells, and three other drug candidates retrieved from the literature via computational docking studies. The results showed oxypeucedanin as the compound with the highest binding energy of −9.2 kcal/mol. The molecular docking study was carried out using PyRx, Auto Dock Vina option, and the target was validated to confirm the proper target and the docking procedure employed for this study.