bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applied evolutionary education: the benefits and costs of hosting regional evolution conferences
Authors: Lynn Christopher Dana , Guitar Amanda , Keck Chloe M. T. , Rector Amy L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRegional academic conferences provide a variety of benefits to attendants, but hosting them can be costly. Here, we share benefits and drawbacks of hosting regional evolution meetings from the vantages of a tenured associate professor, a tenure-track assistant professor, and a doctoral student. We use experiences of hosting the NorthEastern Evolutionary Psychology Society (NEEPS), the Southeastern Evolutionary Perspectives Society (SEEPS), and the Mid-Atlantic Bioanthropology Interest Group (MABIG) as cases to address the benefits and costs. We highlight what are likely universal benefits and costs of hosting evolution conferences while also discussing the risks of excess service to women and underrepresented faculty members. We also draw attention to personal and circumstantial contingencies that evolution conference hosts may encounter.
The role of numerical tests in assessing road restraint system functionality
Authors: Budzynski Marcin , Jamroz Kazimierz , Wilde Krzysztof , Witkowski Wojciech , Jelinski Lukasz , Bruski Dawid 
Published: May 2020

AbstractKey to understanding the needs and building road infrastructure management tools to prevent and mitigate run-off-road accidents is to identify hazards and their sources which are a result of wrong design, construction, and installation of road restraint systems. Building such tools requires advanced studies with field tests, simulations and models to demonstrate the effects of selected parameters on road user safety. The research work included building numerical models which were validated with crash tests and mathematical models to assess the effects of selected parameters on the safety and functionality of devices. Twenty five field tests were the basis for conducting 670 numerical tests. Preliminary results of numerical tests are also presented looking at selected problems such as barriers on curves, presence of kerbs and obstacles within barrier working width. The methodology will help with an optimal selection of parameters leading to improved safety as regards errant vehicles.
Safety, efficiency and health-related quality of telephone triage conducted by general practitioners, nurses, or physicians in out-of-hours primary care: a quasi-experimental study using the Assessment of Quality in Telephone Triage (AQTT) to assess audio-recorded telephone calls
Authors: Graversen D. S. , Christensen M. B. , Pedersen A. F. , Carlsen A. H. , Bro F. , Christensen H. C. , Vestergaard C. H. , Huibers L. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To explore and compare safety, efficiency, and health-related quality of telephone triage in out-of-hours primary care (OOH-PC) services performed by general practitioners (GPs), nurses using a computerised decision support system (CDSS), or physicians with different medical specialities.

Methods
Natural quasi-experimental cross-sectional study conducted in November and December 2016. We randomly selected 1294 audio-recorded telephone triage calls from two Danish OOH-PC services triaged by GPs (n = 423), nurses using CDSS (n = 430), or physicians with different medical specialities (n = 441). An assessment panel of 24 physicians used a validated assessment tool (Assessment of Quality in Telephone Triage - AQTT) to assess all telephone triage calls and measured health-related quality, safety, and efficiency of triage.

Results
The relative risk (RR) of poor quality was significantly lower for nurses compared to GPs in four out of ten items regarding identifying and uncovering of problems. For most items, the quality tended to be lowest for physicians with different medical specialities. Compared to calls triaged by GPs (reference), the risk of clinically relevant undertriage was significantly lower for nurses, while physicians with different medical specialties had a similar risk (GP: 7.3%, nurse: 3.7%, physician: 6.1%). The risk of clinically relevant overtriage was significantly higher for nurses (9.1%) and physicians with different medical specialities (8.2%) compared to GPs (4.3%). GPs had significantly shorter calls (mean: 2 min 57 s, SD: 105 s) than nurses (mean: 4 min 44 s, SD: 168 s).

Conclusions
Our explorative study indicated that nurses using CDSS performed better than GPs in telephone triage on a large number of health-related items, had a lower level of clinically relevant undertriage, but were perceived less efficient. Calls triaged by physicians with different medical specialities were perceived less safe and less efficient compared to GPs. Differences in the organisation of telephone triage may influence the distribution of workload in primary and secondary OOH services. Future research could compare the long-term outcomes following a telephone call to OOH-PC related to safety and efficiency.
Impact of NPS MedicineWise general practitioner education programs and Choosing Wisely Australia recommendations on prescribing of proton pump inhibitors in Australia
Authors: Wu Jianyun , Dickinson Scott , Elgebaly Zain , Blogg Suzanne , Heaney Aine , Soo Yien , Daniels Benjamin , Weekes Lynn 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the impact of multifaceted NPS MedicineWise programs that targeted all general practitioners (GPs) in Australia in 2009 and 2015 with the aim of reducing unnecessary prescribing of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and encouraged stepping down to a lower strength PPI or to discontinue treatment. The 2015 intervention coincided with the release of Choosing Wisely Australia recommendations from the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP).

Methods
Outcome measures included monthly dispensing rates of different strength PPIs prescribed by GPs to concessional patients in Australia. All PPIs were categorized according to the May 2019 revised classifications for standard and low strength PPIs except for esomeprazole 40 mg which was classified as a standard strength and esomeprazole 20 mg as low strength for this analysis. Time series analyses was conducted of the dispensing rates of PPI prescriptions for concessional patients between January 2006 and June 2016 using the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) databases in Australia. Participants were GPs with dispensed PPI prescriptions to concessional patients between January 2006 and June 2016.

Results
Following the 2009 NPS MedicineWise program we observed a 6.7% reduction in the expected dispensing rate of standard strength PPIs for concessional patients between April 2006 and March 2015, and an 8.6% reduction between April 2009 and June 2016 following the 2015 program launch. We observed a significant increase of 5.6% in the dispensing rate of low strength PPIs for concessional patients between April 2009 and March 2015, and no significant change in trend following the 2015 program.

Conclusions
The NPS MedicineWise programs were associated with reductions in the dispensing rate of standard strength PPIs by June 2016 and an increase in the dispensing rate of low-strength PPIs by March 2015 although this trend did not continue following the 2015 program. This suggests that GPs are stepping down patients to lower strength PPIs following the educational programs. However, lower strength PPIs are still not the majority of PPIs dispensed in Australian and regular interventions to sustain and improve PPI management by GPs may be warranted.
Dental anomalies as a possible clue of 1p36 deletion syndrome due to germline mosaicism: a case report
Authors: Nistico’ D. , Guidolin F. , Navarra C. O. , Bobbo M. , Magnolato A. , D’Adamo A. P. , Giorgio E. , Pivetta B. , Barbi E. , Gasparini P. , Cadenaro M. , Sirchia F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Monosomy 1p36 is the most common terminal deletion syndrome with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. This syndrome is defined by an extremely wide spectrum of characteristics; however, developmental delay and intellectual disability of various degree are present in all patients and about the 90% of patients have a severe intellectual disability. Dental agenesis or other dental anomalies have not been described in previous reports.

Case presentation
We report the case of two little sisters born from healthy and non-consanguineous parents, presenting with dental anomalies and one of them with epilepsy, dilated cardiomyopathy with left-ventricular non-compaction, strabismus, history of poor growth, hypotonia and mild language delay. Patients were evaluated in several departments (genetic, child neuropsychiatric, cardiology, odontostomatology, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology) of Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy. They underwent investigations such as electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, dental orthopantomography X-Ray and Computed Tomography, electroencephalograms, abdomen ultrasound, blood tests, IQ tests, genetic analysis. They both have an Intelligence Quotient greater than 70 and a negative neurologic exam. Each sister carries the same 1p36 deletion of about 2.3 Mb. Genetic analysis of the parents’ blood samples (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism- array, karyotype and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization) did not reveal any deletion, translocation or inversion and confirmed the paternity. A third sib of the probands does not carry the 1p36 deletion or other quantitative alterations.

Conclusion
This report describes a new trait linked to monosomy 1p36, namely a mild intellectual outcome associated with significant dental anomalies. Our finding suggests that 1p36 deletion syndrome may present with a mild cognitive impairment or even with a normal intellectual development: this is very important for the genetic counselling, especially in a prenatal setting. Moreover, we report the third study with recurrent 1p36 deletion syndrome in two siblings, likely due to germline mosaicism. Finally, we believe that the dental anomalies should be investigated in 1p36 deletion syndrome and that the spectrum of the condition could be broader than we assume.
Outcomes of children with hepatoblastoma who underwent liver resection at a tertiary hospital in China: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Li Jiahao , Li Huixian , Wu Huiying , Niu Huilin , Li Haibo , Pan Jing , Yang Jiliang , Tan Tianbao , Hu Chao , Xu Tao , Zhang Xiaohong , Zheng Manna , Li Kuanrong , Zou Yan , Yang Tianyou 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To report the outcomes of hepatoblastoma resected in our institution.

Methods
We diagnosed 135 children with hepatoblastoma at our institution between January 2010 and December 2017. Patients who underwent liver resection were included for analysis. However, patients who abandoned treatment after diagnosis were excluded from analysis, but their clinical characteristics were provided in the supplementary material.

Results
Forty-two patients abandoned treatment, whereas 93 patients underwent liver resection and were included for statistical analysis. Thirty-six, 23, 3, and 31 patients had PRETEXT stages II, III, IV, and unspecified tumours, respectively. Seven patients had ruptured tumour; 9 had lung metastasis (one patient had portal vein thrombosis concurrently). Sixteen patients underwent primary liver resection; 22, 25, and 30 patients received cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and delayed surgery, preoperative transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and delayed surgery, and a combination of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, TACE, and delayed surgery, respectively. Forty patients had both PRETEXT and POST-TEXT information available for analysis. Twelve patients were down-staged after preoperative treatment, including 2, 8, and 2 patients from stages IV to III, III to II, and II to I, respectively. Ten patients with unspecified PRETEXT stage were confirmed to have POST-TEXT stages II (n = 8) and I (n = 2) tumours. Seven tumours were associated with positive surgical margins, and 12 patients had microvascular involvement. During a median follow-up period of 30.5 months, 84 patients survived without relapse, 9 experienced tumour recurrence, and 4 died. The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 89.4 ± 3.4%, and 95.2 ± 2.4%, respectively; they were significantly better among patients without metastasis (no metastasis vs metastasis: EFS, 93.5 ± 3.7% vs 46.7 ± 19.0%, adjusted p = 0.002. OS, 97.6 ± 2.4% vs 61.0 ± 18.1%, adjusted p = 0.005), and similar among patients treated with different preoperative strategies (chemotherapy only vs TACE only vs Both: EFS, 94.7 ± 5.1% vs 91.7 ± 5.6% vs 85.6 ± 6.7%, p = 0.542. OS, 94.1 ± 5.7% vs 95.7 ± 4.3% vs 96.7 ± 3.3%, p = 0.845).

Conclusion
The OS for patients with hepatoblastoma who underwent liver resection was satisfactory. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and TACE seemed to have a similar effect on OS. However, the abandonment of treatment by patients with hepatoblastoma was common, and may have biased our results.
Decomposing socioeconomic inequality in poor mental health among Iranian adult population: results from the PERSIAN cohort study
Authors: Najafi Farid , Pasdar Yahya , Karami Matin Behzad , Rezaei Satar , Kazemi Karyani Ali , Soltani Shahin , Soofi Moslem , Rezaeian Shahab , Zangeneh Alireza , Moradinazar Mehdi , Hamzeh Behrooz , Jorjoran Shushtari Zahra , sajjadipour Mansour , Eslami Saeid , khosrojerdi Maryam , Shabestari Sahar , Mehrparvar Amir Houshang , Kashi Zahra , Nejatizadeh Azim , Naghipour Mohammadreza , Sadeghi Boogar Shahrokh , Fakhari Ali , Cheraghian Bahman , Heidari Haydeh , Molavi Parviz , Hajizadeh Mohammad , Salimi Yahya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSocioeconomic inequality in mental health in Iran is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess socioeconomic inequality in poor mental health among Iranian adults.MethodsThe study used the baseline data of PERSIAN cohort study including 131,813 participants from 17 geographically distinct areas of Iran. The Erreygers Concentration index (E) was used to quantify the socioeconomic inequalities in poor mental health. Moreover, we decomposed theEto identify factors contributing to the observed socioeconomic inequality in poor mental health in Iran.ResultsThe estimated E for poor mental health was − 0.012 (95% CI: − 0.0144, − 0.0089), indicating slightly higher concentration of mental health problem among socioeconomically disadvantaged adults in Iran. Socioeconomic inequality in poor mental health was mainly explained by gender (19.93%) and age (12.70%). Region, SES itself, and physical activity were other important factors that contributed to the concentration of poor mental health among adults with low socioeconomic status.ConclusionThere exists nearly equitable distribution in poor mental health among Iranian adults, but with important variations by gender, SES, and geography. These results suggested that interventional programs in Iran should focus on should focus more on socioeconomically disadvantaged people as a whole, with particular attention to the needs of women and those living in more socially disadvantaged regions.
Patriarchy and gender-inequitable attitudes as drivers of intimate partner violence against women in the central region of Ghana
Authors: Sikweyiya Yandisa , Addo-Lartey Adolphina Addoley , Alangea Deda Ogum , Dako-Gyeke Phyllis , Chirwa Esnat D. , Coker-Appiah Dorcas , Adanu Richard M. K. , Jewkes Rachel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
In order to reduce women’s exposure to violence and develop culturally appropriate interventions, it is important to gain an understanding of how men who use violence rationalize it. The present study sought to explore the perspectives of men who had used violence on their female partners, specifically their views on intimate partner violence (IPV), gender norms, manhood, their gender attitudes and to understand how these may drive male perpetrated IPV against women in the Central Region of Ghana.

Methods
This was a qualitative study involving purposively sampled adult men who had participated in a household-based survey in selected districts in the Central Region of Ghana and who had self-reported perpetration of IPV in the past 12 months. In-depth interviews were conducted with 17 men.

Results
Data revealed how a range of social, cultural, and religious factors ̶ stemming from patriarchy ̶ combined to inform the construction of a traditional masculinity. These factors included the notion that decision-making in the home is a man’s prerogative, there should be rigid and distinct gender roles, men’s perceptions of owning female partners and having the right to have sex with them whenever they desire, and the notion that wife beating is legitimate discipline. Findings suggest that it was through performing, or aspiring to achieve, this form of masculinity that men used varying forms of violence against their female partners. Moreover, data show that the men’s use of violence was a tactic for controlling women and emphasizing their authority and power over them.

Conclusions
Developers of interventions to prevent IPV need to recognize that there is a coherent configuration of aspirations, social norms and behaviours that is drawn on by some men to justify their use of IPV. Understanding the perspectives of men who have perpetrated IPV against women and their motivations for perpetration is essential for interventions to prevent IPV. This is discussed as drawing authority from ‘tradition’ and so engaging traditional and religious leaders, as well as men and women throughout the community, in activities to challenge this is likely to be particularly fruitful.
Strain pattern of each ligamentous band of the superficial deltoid ligament: a cadaver study
Authors:   Ankle Instability Group, Takao Masato , Ozeki Satoru , Oliva Xavier M. , Inokuchi Ryota , Yamazaki Takayuki , Takeuchi Yoshitaka , Kubo Maya , Lowe Danielle , Matsui Kentaro , Katakura Mai , Glazebrook Mark 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are few reports on the detailed biomechanics of the deltoid ligament, and no studies have measured the biomechanics of each ligamentous band because of the difficulty in inserting sensors into the narrow ligaments. This study aimed to measure the strain pattern of the deltoid ligament bands directly using a Miniaturization Ligament Performance Probe (MLPP) system.MethodsThe MLPP was sutured into the ligamentous bands of the deltoid ligament in 6 fresh-frozen lower extremity cadaveric specimens. The strain was measured using a round metal disk (clock) fixed on the plantar aspect of the foot. The ankle was manually moved from 15° dorsiflexion to 30° plantar flexion, and a 1.2-N-m force was applied to the ankle and subtalar joint complex. Then the clock was rotated every 30° to measure the strain of each ligamentous band at each endpoint.ResultsThe tibionavicular ligament (TNL) began to tense at 10° plantar flexion, and the tension becomes stronger as the angle increased; the TNL worked most effectively in plantar flex-abduction. The tibiospring ligament (TSL) began to tense gradually at 15° plantar flexion, and the tension became stronger as the angle increased. The TSL worked most effectively in abduction. The tibiocalcaneal ligament (TCL) began to tense gradually at 0° dorsiflexion, and the tension became stronger as the angle increased. The TCL worked most effectively in pronation (dorsiflexion-abduction). The superficial posterior tibiotalar ligament (SPTTL) began to tense gradually at 0° dorsiflexion, and the tension became stronger as the angle increased, with the SPTTL working most effectively in dorsiflexion.ConclusionOur results show the biomechanical function of the superficial deltoid ligament and may contribute to determining which ligament is damaged during assessment in the clinical setting.
Predicting the potential distribution of the parasitic Cuscuta chinensis under global warming
Authors: Ren Zichun , Zagortchev Lyuben , Ma Junxia , Yan Ming , Li Junmin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe climate is the dominant factor that affects the distribution of plants.Cuscuta chinensisis a stem holoparasitic plant without leaves or roots, which develops a haustorium and sucks nutrients from host plants. The potential distribution of the parasitic plantC. chinensishas not been predicted to date. This study used Maxent modeling to predict the potential global distribution ofC. chinensis, based on the following six main bioclimatic variables: annual mean temperature, isothermality, temperature seasonality, precipitation seasonality, precipitation of the warmest quarter, and precipitation of the coldest quarter.ResultsThe optimal annual average temperature and isothermality ofC. chinensisranged from 4 to 37 °C and less than 45, respectively, while the optimal temperature seasonality and precipitation seasonality ranged from 4000 to 25,000 and from 50 to 130, respectively. The optimal precipitation of the warmest season ranged from 300 to 1000 mm and from 2500 to 3500 mm, while that of the coldest season was less than 2000 mm. In Asia,C. chinensisis mainly distributed at latitudes ranging from 20° N to 50° N. During three specific historical periods (last glacial maximum, mid-Holocene, and 1960–1990) the habitats suitable forC. chinensiswere concentrated in the central, northern, southern, and eastern parts of China. From the last glacial maximum to the mid-Holocene, the total area with suitability of 0.5–1 increased by 0.0875 million km2; however, from the mid-Holocene to 1960–1990, the total area with suitability of 0.5–1 decreased by 0.0759 million km2. The simulation results of habitat suitability in the two representative concentration pathways (RCP) 2.6 (i.e., the low greenhouse gas emissions pathway) and 8.5 (i.e., the high greenhouse gas emissions pathway) indicate that the habitat suitability ofC. chinensisdecreased in response to the warming climate. Compared with RCP2.6, areas with averaged suitability and high suitability for survival (RCP8.5) decreased by 0.18 million km2.ConclusionSuitable habitats ofC. chinensisare situated in central, northern, southern, and eastern China. The habitat suitability ofC. chinensisdecreased in response to the warming climate. These results provide a reference for the management and control ofC. chinensis.