bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Departamentos de Orientación: un análisis del rol orientador y de las nuevas figuras asesoras
Authors: Loizaga Latorre Félix 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste artículo trata de la situación actual de los Departamentos de Orientación (D.O.), subrayando la figura asesora del orientador. Consta de tres apartados: el primero analiza el origen de los D.O. en los años ochenta, y su puesta en práctica durante la década de los noventa; siguiendo las directrices de laLOGSE. La globalización actual, como telón de fondo, implica una reorientación de los D.O. Las figuras asesoras se encuentran desbordadas, en relación a la diversidad de tareas y a la población a la que orientan. En el segundo apartado se presentan las líneas futuras de trabajo en las que deberá incidirse para mejorar la calidad y la atención en los centros. Finalmente, en el tercero se plantea incorporar nuevas figuras asesoras con diferentes funciones para optimizar la eficacia de los D.O.ABSTRACTThis article reflects on the current situation of the Guidance Departments, putting emphasis on the figure of the adviser. It consists of three sections. The first one analyses the origin of the G.D. in the 80s, and the their implementation during the decade of the 90s; with reference to the LOGSE. The present globalization, as a backcloth, leads to the Guidance Departments having to be reoriented so as to be efficient in their management. The advisers are overwhelmed with their duties, with regard to the variety of tasks and the population they give advise to. On the second section, the future lines of work on which it will be necessary to touch upon, in order to improve the quality and the attention in the institutions, are introduced. And on the third one, it is proposed to include new figures of guidan-ce into the G. D. with different tasks to improve the efficacy of the G. D.
Prácticum de la licenciatura en Psicología en la Universidad española
Authors: Gil Beltrán José Manuel , Climent Tormos Esther 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENCon este trabajo se pretende mostrar como estaba el Prácticum en las Universidades Españolas hasta el curso 99/2000.Para la realización de este estudio, se confeccionó un cuestionario, enviado al responsable de la asignatura de Prácticum de todas las universidades españolas que imparten la licenciatura en Psicología.Además de las preguntas que permitían saber la organización del Prácticum en la universidad correspondiente, la última parte del cuestionario permitía señalar propuestas de mejora para próximos cursos.Se obtuvieron una serie de resultados entre los que destacaron los siguientes: La Universitat Jaume I de Castellón era la que más años llevaba impartiendo el Prácticum. Cada universidad oferta a sus estudiantes unas especialidades de Prácticum, y aunque se denominan de una manera concreta o se subdividen en distintos tipos, las ramas fundamentales son: Psicología Clínica, Psicología de las Organizaciones, Psicología de los Servicios Sociales, Psicología Educativa, Investigación.ABSTRACTThis work shows the situation of the practicum in Spanish universities up to the year 1999-2000. The research was conducted using a questionnaire that was drawn up and sent to the person in charge of the practicum in all Spanish universities offering a degree in Psychology.The questionnaire consisted of two parts: the first included all the questions concerning the organisation of the practicum in the corresponding university and the second enabled suggestions to be made for improvement in subsequent years.The following data from the results obtained are worth mentioning: Universitat Jaume I in Castellón was the university with the longest history of running practicums. Each university offers its students different practicum specialities. Although their specific names orsubdivisions may vary, the essential branches are as follows: Clinical Psychology, Organisational Psychology, Psychology of the Social Services, Educational Psychology and Research.
Perfil conativo de una muestra de niños de la calle de Ceuta
Authors: Cepero Espinosa Sergio , Herrera Clavero Francisco 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEsta investigación pretende conseguir dos objetivos: Primero, identificar el perfil conativo de una muestra de niños de la calle de la Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta y, segundo, resaltar la necesidad de incorporar al estudio tradicional de las características específicas de los niños y jóvenes de la calle, otros aspectos que, a nivel mundial, comparten entre sí como grupo poblacional.La información obtenida permite afirmar la existencia de dos perfiles bien diferenciados que aglutinan a los menores de la muestra. El primer perfil, agrupa a los menores que se “adaptan mejor” al ámbito institucional; mientras que, el segundo, recoge a aquellos que sufren mayor inadaptación socio-relacional, siendo los que más se resisten a cualquier tipo de tratamiento.Palabras clave: Niños de la calle, perfil conativo, Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta.ABSTRACTThis research seeks to achieve two goals: First, to identify the conative profile of a sample of street children from the Autonomous City of Ceuta and, secondly, to emphasize the need to incorporate to the traditional study of the specific characteristics of street children and youth, other aspects that, at world-wide level, share each other as a population group.The obtained data allows us to affirm the existence of two differentiated profiles that cluster the children of the sample. The first profile groups the children who “adapt better” to the institutional scope and, the second one gathers those who undergo greater partner-relational maladjustment, these being the ones who better resist any type of treatment.
Revisión sistemática: influencia de los Grupos de Ayuda Mutua sobre cuidadores familiares
Authors: Bernabéu-Álvarez Claudia , Faus-Sanoguera Mar , Lima-Serrano Marta , Lima-Rodríguez Joaquín-Salvador 
Published: July 2020

Introducción: Desde la incorporación de la mujer al mundo laboral, junto con el envejecimiento progresivo de la población y el aumento de las enfermedades crónicas, se produce una alteración en el rol del cuidador, debido a la carga física, laboral y familiar que soporta, generándose conflictos emocionales y con el resto de miembros de la familia. La ayuda mutua puede ser una alternativa eficaz para promover el bienestar de los cuidadores, así como el de sus familias y dependientes.Objetivo: Conocer las características de los grupos de ayuda mutua (GAM) para cuidadores familiares y su influencia sobre los cuidadores, la persona dependiente y la salud familiar.Metodología: Revisión sistemática. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó las bases de datos Pubmed, Scopus, Psycinfo, Eric, Cochrane plus y CSIC. Se buscaron artículos escritos en español, catalán, inglés, portugués o francés, publicados en los últimos 10 años.Resultados: Se seleccionaron 12 artículos relacionados con el tema de estudio. Todos los estudios muestran que la participación en estos grupos puede mejorar el bienestar físico-psicológico, el estado de salud de los cuidadores y, al mismo tiempo, reforzar su sentimiento de apoyo social, aunque faltan estudios en nuestro medio, con un tamaño muestral superior y de mayor calidad.Conclusiones: Los cuidadores se benefician de participar en grupos de ayuda mutua. Por lo tanto, deben convertirse en un componente de rutina del cuidador familiar.
Introduction: Since the incorporation of women into the world of work, together with the progressive ageing of the population and the increase of chronic diseases, there is an alteration in the role of the caregiver, due to the physical, work and family burden it bears, emotional conflicts and with other family members. Mutual aid can be an effective alternative to promoting the well-being of caregivers, as well as their families and dependents.Objective: To know the characteristics of self-help groups for family caregivers and their influence on caregivers, the dependent and family health.Methodology: Systematic review. The search strategy included the Pubmed, Scopus, Psycinfo, Eric, Cochrane plus and CSIC databases; selecting scientific articles in either Spanish, Catalan, English, Portuguese or French, for the last 10 years.Results: 12 articles related to the study topic were selected. All studies show that participation in these groups can improve the physical-psychological well-being, the health of caregivers and, at the same time, reinforce their sense of social support, although there is a lack of studies in our environment, with a size higher quality sample.Conclusions: Caregivers benefit from participating in self-help groups. Therefore, they should become a routine component of the family caregiver.
Women with high level of education, victims of the care of people with Alzheimer's
Authors: Luque-Carrillo Patricia , Morales-Cané Ignacio , Carmona-Torres Juan Manuel , Manfredini Roberto , Rodríguez Borrego Mª Aurora , López-Soto Pablo Jesús 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Conocer la relación existente entre la tarea de cuidar a pacientes con Enfermedad de Alzheimer, el Género de los cuidadores y su nivel de formación académica. Método: Estudio descriptivo, como sujetos de estudio 69 personas diagnosticadas de Enfermedad de Alzheimer y sus respectivos cuidadores familiares. En los cuidadores se analizó: la edad, el género, el nivel de estudios, carga, depresión, nivel de ansiedad, calidad de vida y soledad social. En los pacientes se valoró la edad, género, nivel de dependencia y estado neuropsicológico. La recogida de datos se realizó en 2016. Entre otros análisis se realizó análisis de regresión logística.Resultados: Se obtuvo que los cuidadores con estudios superiores sufrían mayor carga, siendo mujeres en su mayoría. Mujeres con más probabilidad de presentar soledad social, altos niveles de ansiedad y peor calidad de vida que los hombres. La carga puede ser debida al gran número de responsabilidades y a la imposibilidad de combinarlas con el papel de cuidador. Se puede concluir que las mujeres llegan a ser víctimas del cuidado de personas con Enfermedad de Alzheimer.
The aim of this job is to know the existing relationship between the task of caring patients with Alzheimer's disease, caregivers' gender and their level of academic studies. Descriptive study, 69 persons diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and their respective familiar caregivers as subjects of the study. Age, gender, academic level, burden, depression, anxiety level, quality of life and social loneliness have been measured in caregivers. Age, gender, dependency level and neuropsychological state have been measured in patients. Data collection was done in 2016. Logistic regression analysis was performed. Caregivers with high levels of academic studies suffer more burden, being women in their majority. They are more likely to present social loneliness and higher levels of anxiety and a worse quality of life than men. The burden may be due to a greater number of responsibilities to respond to, and to the inability to combine it with the role of caregiver. We can conclude that women become victims of caring Alzheimer' patients.
A importância do gerenciamento de resíduos de serviços de saúde: atuação do enfermeiro - The importance of health services waste management: nurse's performance
Authors: Mayworm Priscila Bastos , Silva Viviane Reis Fontes da , Marques Ganaine Mendes 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Investigar na literatura o correto gerenciamento e instrumentos para viabilizar a redução de custos através da utilização correta do Programa de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde e descrever a atuação do enfermeiro no Programa de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde. Método: abordagem qualitativa, e do tipo bibliográfico. Este trabalho traz como cenário os acervos das bibliotecas públicas e privadas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, e os sujeitos são fontes de livros, sites e monografias. A revisão de literatura foi respaldada pela ANVISA. Resultados: as categorias analisadas foram: a equipe de Gerenciamento de Resíduos de Serviço de Saúde: Enfatizando a atuação do Enfermeiro e o Manejo de Resíduos de Serviços de Saúde. Conclusão: é importante a presença do profissional enfermeiro nas questões da preservação do meio ambiente, na colaboração com a prevenção de doenças, e no controle de gastos, visando assim uma diminuição dos resíduos de saúde. Não há bibliografia especificando que há um único profissional responsável pelo gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde, fala-se da importância do trabalho em conjunto. Não há bibliografia especificando que há um único profissional responsável pelo gerenciamento dos resíduos de serviços de saúde, fala-se da importância do trabalho em conjunto.
Metal‐Free Oxidative [5+1] Cyclization of 1,5‐Enynes for the Synthesis of Pyrazine 1‐Oxide
Authors: Xia Xiao‐Feng , Zhao Mingming , He Wei , Zou Lianghua , San Xinxin , Wang Dawei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA chemo‐selective nitrosylation of 1,5‐enynes via a sequence of NO radical incorporation and intramolecular radical cyclization was reported. The formation of two C−N bonds and one C−O bond make this [5+1] cycloaddition reaction an efficient approach to synthesize pyrazine 1‐oxides in moderate to good yields. Metal‐free, short reaction time and mild conditions render this strategy more practical, eco‐friendly and convenient. Synthetic utility of this protocol is highlighted by scaffolds diversification.magnified image
Quantum Transport in Topological Surface States of Selectively Grown Bi2Te3 Nanoribbons
Authors: Rosenbach Daniel , Oellers Nico , Jalil Abdur Rehman , Mikulics Martin , Kölzer Jonas , Zimmermann Erik , Mussler Gregor , Bunte Stephany , Grützmacher Detlev , Lüth Hans , Schäpers Thomas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractQuasi‐1D nanowires of topological insulators are candidate structures in superconductor hybrid architectures for Majorana fermion based quantum computation schemes. Here, selectively grown Bi2Te3 topological insulator nanoribbons at cryogenic temperatures are investigated. The nanoribbons are defined in deep‐etched Si3N4/SiO2 nano‐trenches on a silicon (111) substrate followed by a selective area growth process via molecular beam epitaxy. The selective area growth is beneficial to the device quality, as no subsequent fabrication needs to be performed to shape the nanoribbons. In the diffusive transport regime of these unintentionally n‐doped Bi2Te3 topological insulator nanoribbons, electron trajectories are identified by analyzing angle dependent universal conductance fluctuation spectra. When the sample is tilted from a perpendicular to a parallel magnetic field orientation, these high frequent conductance modulations merge with low frequent Aharonov–Bohm type oscillations originating from the topologically protected surface states along the nanoribbon perimeter. For 500 nm wide Hall bars low frequent Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations are identified in a perpendicular magnetic field orientation. These reveal a topological, high‐mobility, 2D transport channel, partially decoupled from the bulk of the material.
Giant Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy in Mo‐Based Double‐Interface Free Layer Structure for Advanced Magnetic Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Cheng Houyi , Chen Jingle , Peng Shouzhong , Zhang Boyu , Wang Zilu , Zhu Daoqian , Shi Kewen , Eimer Sylvain , Wang Xinran , Guo Zongxia , Xu Yong , Xiong Danrong , Cao Kaihua , Zhao Weisheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and a high thermal stability are essential for long‐term stable storage of data in PMA‐based magnetic tunnel junctions (p‐MTJs). This work investigates the magnetic anisotropy of the MgO/CoFeB/X/CoFeB/MgO double‐interface free layer stacks, where X represents the spacer material. After annealing at 350 °C for an hour, interfacial magnetic anisotropy (Ki) as high as 4.06 mJ m−2 is obtained in the MgO/CoFeB/Mo (0.4 nm)/CoFeB/MgO stacks, much higher than those for Ta‐ and W‐based films. Experimental and first‐principle calculation results demonstrate that bulk PMA plays a great role in the Mo‐based structure, which is often negligible in Ta‐ and W‐based structures. Moreover, a strong PMA is achieved after annealing at 500 °C, which is attributed to the weak interdiffusion and good uniformity as shown in high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy results. These findings help to understand the origin of strong PMA in Mo‐based structures and show the promising prospect of using this structure for high‐packing‐density p‐MTJs and other spintronic device applications down to 10 nm scale.
New winter crops and rotations for the Pacific Northwest low‐precipitation drylands
Authors: Schillinger William F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article is an overview of recent advances in dryland cropping in the region of the Inland Pacific Northwest of the United States (PNW) that receives <300 mm annual precipitation. The climate of the region is Mediterranean‐like with wet winters and dry summers. For the past 130 yr, monocrop 2‐yr winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow (WW–F) has been the dominant rotation practiced on >90% of rainfed cropland throughout this region. Rapid advances in technology in the past several decades and the realities of dryland farm economics prompted most farmers to expand their land area and adopt conservation tillage and no‐tillage practices. Three relatively new crops have gained some foothold in the past decade. These crops are winter pea (WP) (Pisum sativum L.), winter canola (WC) (Brassica napus L.), and winter triticale (WT) (X Triticosecale Wittmack). Like WW, all three of these “new” winter crops need to be planted in late August–early September into carryover soil moisture after a 13‐ to 14‐mo fallow period to achieve optimum yield potential. Researchers and farmers have experimented with a multitude of spring‐planted crops but, to date, all have shown high year‐to‐year variability in yield and none have been economically viable in the long term. The focus of this paper is to summarize major research conducted on WP, WC, and WT, as well as farmers’ attitudes on the potential of these three winter crops for wheat‐based rotations in the PNW drylands.
A comparative experimental study of the hygroscopic and mechanical behaviors of electrospun nanofiber membranes and solution‐cast films of polybenzimidazole
Authors: Zholobko Oksana , Wu Xiang‐Fa , Zhou Zhengping , Aulich Ted , Thakare Jivan , Hurley John 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article reports a comparative experimental study of the hygroscopic and mechanical behaviors of electrospun polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanofiber membranes and solution‐cast PBI films. As‐electrospun nonwoven PBI nanofiber mats (with the nanofiber diameter of ~250 nm) were heat‐pressed under controlled temperature, pressure and duration for the study; lab‐made solution‐cast PBI films and commercially available PBI films (the PBI Performance Product Inc., Charlotte, NC) were used as the control samples. Thermogravimetric and microtensile tests were utilized to characterize the hygroscopic (moisture absorption) and mechanical properties of the PBI nanofiber membranes at varying heat‐pressing conditions, which were further compared to those of solution‐cast PBI films. Experimental results indicated that the PBI nanofiber membranes carried slightly higher thermal stability and less hygroscopic properties than those of solution‐cast PBI films. In addition, heat‐pressing conditions significantly influenced the mechanical properties of the resulting PBI nanofiber membranes. The stiffness and tensile strength increase with increasing either the heat‐pressing pressure or duration, and relevant mechanisms were explored. The present study provides a rational understanding of the hygroscopic and mechanical behaviors of electrospun PBI nanofiber membranes and solution‐cast PBI films that are beneficial to their reliable cutting‐edge applications in high‐temperature filtration, polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs), etc.
Performance adjustable porous polylactic acid‐based membranes for controlled release fertilizers
Authors: Wang Xiaosong , Zhang Xu , Han Xiaozhao , Liu Kun , Xu Chao , Hu Xianguo , Jin Zhenghui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere, the phase inversion method using a mixture of chloroform and acetone as a solvent was adopted to fabricate a series of porous polylactic acid (PLA)‐based membranes for controlled release fertilizers (CRFs). Cellulose acetate (CA) was used as an additive; polyethylene glycol (PEG) and nano‐SiO2 were used as porogens. Our first interest is to investigate effects of the amount of additive and porogen and type of porogens on the resulting membranes' performance. Results show the dialysis coefficient for membrane M1‐3 (CA content of 2%) is nearly 20 times higher than that for M0‐1 (CA content of 0%), suggesting that the addition of CA can promote the membrane's permeability. Porogens can increase membranes' hydrophilicity, dialysis coefficient and nutrient release rate. However, there is no obvious performance difference between membranes with different porogens. Secondly, M1‐2 (no porogen), M2‐2 (nano‐SiO2 content of 0.5%) and M3‐2 (PEG content of 0.5%) were selected to coat urea granules. Results show the nutrient release rate of urea coated by M2‐2, M3‐2 is much higher than that of urea coated by M1‐2. This research suggests the resulting membranes' performance is easily adjustive and they can be applied to prepare various CRFs to fertilize various crops.
C-reactive protein trajectory to predict colorectal anastomotic leak: PREDICT Study
Authors: Stephensen B D , Reid F , Shaikh S , Carroll R , Smith S R , Pockney P 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Anastomotic leak is a common complication after colorectal surgery, associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and poorer long-term survival after oncological resections. Early diagnosis improves short-term outcomes, and may translate into reduced cancer recurrence. Multiple studies have attempted to identify biomarkers to enable earlier diagnosis of anastomotic leak. One study demonstrated that the trajectory of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels was highly predictive of anastomotic leak requiring intervention, with an area under the curve of 0·961. The aim of the present study was to validate this finding externally.

Methods
This was a prospective international multicentre observational study of adults undergoing elective colorectal resection with an anastomosis. CRP levels were measured before operation and for 5 days afterwards, or until day of discharge if earlier than this. The primary outcome was anastomotic leak requiring operative or radiological intervention.

Results
Between March 2017 and July 2018, 933 patients were recruited from 20 hospitals across Australia, New Zealand, England and Scotland. Some 833 patients had complete CRP data and were included in the primary analysis, of whom 41 (4·9 per cent) developed an anastomotic leak. A change in CRP level exceeding 50 mg/l between any two postoperative days had a sensitivity of 0·85 for detecting a leak, and a high negative predictive value of 0·99 for ruling it out. A change in CRP concentration of more than 50 mg/l between either days 3 and 4 or days 4 and 5 after surgery had a high specificity of 0·96–0·97, with positive likelihood ratios of 4·99–6·44 for a leak requiring intervention.

Conclusion
This study confirmed the value of CRP trajectory in accurately ruling out an anastomotic leak after colorectal resection.