bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
En spionsag i 1930rnes København
Authors: Rosenfeldt Niels Erik , Riisbro Julie Birkedal 
Published: March 2020

Niels Erik Rosenfeldt & Julie Birkedal Riisbro: Espionage in Copenhagen in the 1930s
Based on comprehensive source material from Denmark, Germany and the UK in particular, this article sheds new light on a major spy case which was disclosed in 1935 in Copenhagen. The police got on the track of the case in mid-February of that year, when one of the ringleaders, the American communist George Mink, assaulted a young Danish woman in his flat at Elbagade 14 on Amager, where the spies had one of their main bases. In the weeks that followed, a number of foreigners and Danes suspected of involvement in communist espionage on Danish soil but largely directed at Nazi Germany were arrested. Most of them though were released a few months later. However, in July 1935, George Mink and his closest accomplice, the Soviet military intelligence service’s ‘illegal resident’ in Copenhagen, Aleksandr Ulanovskij, otherwise known as Nicholas Sherman, were sentenced by the High Court to a prison term of 18 months, first and foremost for espionage conducted on behalf of a foreign power. The article starts with a brief description of the various and not always fully reliable versions of the story which have previously been in circulation, and then presents the picture that now begins to emerge of what initially happened that February. To further clarify the spy affair, the backgrounds of the principal characters are described. This raises the question: How much was really known at the time? In other words: What became public knowledge based on the more or less rumour-like information which made it into the newspaper columns? And how much concrete information did the Danish authorities manage to gather back then about the identities and activities of the agents? The following sections take stock of how much we know today about the breadth and fields of contact of the espionage affair. They look, among other things, at the connections to Soviet espionage in Finland, France, the UK and the United States. However, on the basis of a previously unused source, special attention is given to the contacts with and the reaction in the key country Germany. Finally, it is pointed out how the Danish police – without knowing whom they had got hold of – in fact detained three leading representatives of the Soviet military intelligence service in addition to the convicted persons. All three, whom the police only knew by their cover names, had been or were still ‘illegal residents’ in Germany. The police action therefore caused considerable consternation in Moscow, and the matter was quickly brought to Stalin’s attention. Shortly afterwards, the head of the Soviet military intelligence service, Jan Berzin, was dismissed from his post as a direct result of the affair in Denmark. All this only became known more than half a century later, but serves to underline the international scope of the Copenhagen spy affair.
“Ægyptologiens Fremtid i vort Land”. H.O. Langes videnskabelige testamente
Authors: Pedersen Lars Schreiber 
Published: March 2020

Lars Schreiber Pedersen: “The Future of Egyptology in our Country.” H. O. Lange’s scientific testament
The Royal Library in Copenhagen is the natural home of the Egyptologist and librarian H. O. Lange’s comprehensive archives. For almost 40 years, from 1885 to 1924, he worked at the library, from 1901 to 1924 as chief librarian.The archives at the section for Egyptology at the Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies (ToRS) at the University of Copenhagen include a small collection of manuscripts, notes and letters to and from H. O. Lange. The collection also contains a scientific testament prepared by H. O. Lange. The testament is undated, but is thought to have been written in 1938 or 1939. In the testament, which H. O. Lange drew up after retiring from his position as associate professor in Egyptology at the University of Copenhagen, he gave an account of his own efforts within the relatively young field of study, which only gained a foothold at the university following the establishment of his own associate professorship in 1924, while also suggesting how the status of Egyptology in Denmark could be promoted. Characteristically for H. O. Lange, in the testament he was very modest about the results he had achieved during his time at the university. Instead, he drew attention to the people and institutions (in particular the Carlsberg Foundation) who had made it possible for him to establish Egyptology as a field of study at the University of Copenhagen. The training of a new generation of Danish Egyptologists who could ensure the University of Copenhagen’s continued leading position in Scandinavia was an issue very close to H. O. Lange’s heart. In the testament, he gave particular mention to his four best students: C. E. Sander-Hansen, Wolja Erichsen, Aksel Volten and Erik Iversen. He described what their future prospects and opportunities might be, including which jobs he thought they should each take upon themselves.All four students became prominent Egyptologists in their own right, and contributed to ensuring that the University of Copenhagen’s international reputation within Egyptology achieved as a result of H. O. Lange’s long-standing work was not just maintained but further expanded and developed.
Gustav Meissners rolle i den såkaldte nytårskrise 1940-41
Authors: Jørgensen Jesper Düring 
Published: March 2020

Jesper Düring Jørgensen: The role of Gustav Meissner in the so-called New Year crisis
The article looks at the role of the German press attaché Gustav Meissner (1910–1995) during the so-called New Year crisis, which unfolded between the German occupying administration and the Danish government from December 1940 to the end of January 1941. The crisis started in autumn 1940 as a reaction to the unsuccessful monetary and customs union negotiations between Germany and Denmark, and as a result of the Danish Nazi party’s failed propaganda offensive. Another factor that contributed to exacerbating the crisis around Christmas 1940 was a protracted attack on Prime Minister Thorvald Stauning, with the intention of removing him from his post as prime minister of Denmark. In addition, conflicts of interest and expectations regarding the occupation of Denmark existed both at the German Federal Foreign Office (Auswärtiges Amt) and at the German Embassy in Copenhagen. In Copenhagen, the German ambassador Cecil von Renth-Fink tried to implement a pragmatic policy towards the Danish Government to ensure the greatest possible peace and order in the country for the safety of the German troops, and to safeguard the Danish agricultural and industrial exports to Germany, but in Berlin this policy was subtly opposed by the powerful Under Secretary Martin Luther and by his henchman at the embassy in Copenhagen, Gustav Meissner, who, partly behind Renthe-Fink’s back but with the assistance of Louis von Kohl, initiated several intrigues to topple the prime minister in Copenhagen. However, the demands to replace Stauning met with widespread opposition from the Danish government and the trade unions, and the crisis petered out. Stauning remained at his post, but party leader Hans Hedtoft and H. C. Hansen were forced out of office by the Germans.
Værk, offentlighed, (net)arkiv. Transformationen af det litterære felt i medialiseringens tidsalder og hvordan vi sikrer det for eftertiden
Authors: Kromann Thomas Hvid 
Published: March 2020

Thomas Hvid Kromann: The literary work, the public sphere, (net)archive – transformation of the literary field in the mediatisation age and how we save it for posterity
The article examines the ongoing transformation of the Danish literary field: what consequences does technological development in particular have for the concept of the literary work, the (literary) public sphere and for the possibilities for storing digital platforms that house both literary works, which are not associated with the printed media, and discussion forums on the internet? The author Caspar Eric’s publications are used as a case for a contemporary expansion of the concept of the literary work, since Eric’s work is not limited to the printed media, but also includes writing experiments, which he publishes on digital platforms in parallel with the official printed versions. The article argues that Eric’s publications in an extended literary field, indicate a need for a thorough reassessment of our delimitations of a literary work. Connected to the expansion of the public sphere, one finds a levelling of literary criticism, partly connected to the rise of social media. Based on the now closed sites Litlive and Promenaden the limits and possibilities of this tendency are examined. Finally, the article discusses the existing conditions for archiving these sites in order to save them for posterity, and it is reasoned that literary research within contemporary literature, beneficially, should include the archiving of literary source material.
Gamle boggaver. Om boggaveskikke ca. 1550-1650
Authors: Ilsøe Harald 
Published: March 2020

Harald Ilsøe: Gamle boggaver. Om boggaveskikke ca. 1550-1650
I en nylig udgivet bog om resterne af Herluf Trolle og Birgitte Gøyes bibliotek på Herlufsholm, det ældst bevarede danske privatbibliotek, gøres opmærksom på, at flere af bøgerne er forsynet med påtegninger om, at de var nytårsgaver til Birgitte Gøye fra Herluf Trolle (d. 1565). Med udgangspunkt heri meddeles nogle eksempler på boggaveskikke frem til ca. 1650, således bøger der på tryk angaves at være nytårsgaver til bestemte personer, men især bøger med trykte eller håndskrevne dedikationer, som kunne være udtryk for venskabelige forbindelser, eller som – når de var stilet til højerestående personer i det sociale hierarki – kunne forventes at medføre et honorar til forfatteren. Til belysning af dette fremdrages bl.a. en række bøger, der er forsynet med tilskrevne dedikationer af latindigteren Erasmus Lætus (d. 1582), teologen Niels Hemmingsen (d. 1600) og historikeren Anders Sørensen Vedel (d. 1616).
Sælsomme beretninger i lægen og anatomen Thomas Bartholins skrifter
Authors: Brandt Andersen Jesper 
Published: March 2020

Jesper Brandt Andersen: Curious case reports in the works of the Danish physician and anatomist Thomas Bartholin
Scattered through the voluminous authorship of the Danish physician and anatomist Thomas Bartholin (1616–1680), famous for his discovery of the lymph vessels in the early 1650s, case reports can be found, for which Bartholin was criticized and accused for verbosity and lack of scientific judgment by contemporary scholars and later medical historians. In this article 15 such case reports, mainly from the work Historiarum Anatomicarum Rariorum 1654–1661, are presented, analyzed and perspectivated. It is concluded, that much of the criticism, especially the one submitted by the posteriority and especially during the era of positivism by the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century and the one concerning observations made by Bartholin himself, is unjustified. When practising science himself Bartholin felt responsible for reproducing his observations correctly and trustworthy, and he was not satisfied by making conclusions on the basis of knowledge handed over by others. The author of this article has not succeded in finding one single example indicating that Bartholin doesn’t reproduce his own observations correctly and truthfully. On the other hand there are in his authorship numerous examples of case reports originating from others, which he either didn’t believe himself or at least doubted. When he published case reports originating from other people, he didn’t feel responsible for the truthfulness. His purpose bringing these case reports was to present his reader for new and interesting matter, to entertain his reader, to arouse his reader’s curiosity and to challenge his reader’s own judgment. Thomas Bartholin was one of the most excellent, diligent and passionate intermediaries of scientific matter of his time, and as a scientist he was characterized by openness. Often he was among the first to recognize, verify and publish new knowledge.
Bispens bibliotek. Thomas Kingo og hans bøger
Authors: Kaaber Christian 
Published: March 2020

Christian Kaaber: Bispens bibliotek. Thomas Kingo og hans bøger
Salmedigteren og biskoppen Thomas Kingo (1634-1703) efterlod et efter samtidens danske forhold meget stort bibliotek, hvoraf langt det meste kom på auktion i Odense i 1704. Den trykte auktionskatalog giver et mangfoldigt billede af, hvad Kingo havde til rådighed i boglig henseende. Kingo erhvervede i 1694 sin svigerfar, lægen Christoffer Balslevs bibliotek, hvilket forklarer den signifikante tilstedeværelse af lægefaglig litteratur samt talrige naturvidenskabelige bøger. Kingo opnåede dermed at eje et universalbibliotek, og katalogen viser, at han rådede over bøger, der støttede hans virke både som teolog, statsmagtens embedsmand og som åndelig og historisk funderet digter. Biblioteket giver derudover overraskende vinkler på Kingo som politisk interesseret menneske – her optræder samtidige stærkt kontroversielle bøger fra både ind- og udland, og Kingo har kunnet gøre sig fortrolig med tænkning og historieskrivning, der modsagde den danske absolutisme, hvis aktive og stedse loyale tjener han var i som såvel digter som embedsmand. Katalogen dokumenterer hans virke og vekslende succes som forlægger, ligesom den dokumenterer hans for samtiden usædvanlige sprogfærdigheder: Kingo beherskede fra sin barndom engelsk i en grad, der er helt usædvanlig for samtiden og ejede et bredt udvalg af engelsk litteratur inden for alle hans virkefelter samt en række maritime værker, der peger i retning af hans svogerskab med en samtidig engelsk skibsbygger i svensk tjeneste.
The Construction and Transcultural Dissemination of Negative Images of Jews in a French Thirteenth-Century Illuminated Psalter Made for a Danish Reader
Authors: Vidas Marina 
Published: March 2020

Marina Vidas: The Construction and Transcultural Dissemination of Negative Images of Jews in a French Thirteenth-Century Illuminated Psalter Made for a Danish Reader
The article is concerned with a thirteenth-century de luxe Psalter (London, British Library, MS Additional 17868) produced in France after 1253. It provides an overview of the relevant literature on the London Psalter, a full description of the textual and pictorial components of the manuscript, including a detailed analysis of the Calendar and Litany, as well as reasons for identifying the intended reader as Danish (rather than French, as has been presumed in earlier scholarly literature). A lengthy and detailed analysis is undertaken of the mostly negative manner in which Jews are represented in the Prefatory Cycle miniatures and Psalter section of the manuscript. It is argued that the image of the Jew in the Prefatory Cycle is shaped by pictorial tradition and the then-current negative perception of Jewish usury while in the Psalter section the depictions of Jews were constructed in response to adjacent texts and to nearby images. It is suggested that the interplay between words and images provided a mnemonic tool for the reader but also reinforced widely-held stereotypes of Jews, for example about Jewish enmity toward Christ. Also presented and discussed is French iconography, including pejorative images of Jews and Judaism, which was assimilated and appropriated in Medieval Danish churches. It is concluded that the images would have shaped the reader’s experience of the text and perception of members of the Jewish faith, centuries before the establishment of Jewish communities in this part of Europe.
A Scoping Review Protocol to Map Empirical Evidence that Illuminates the Dark Side of Occupations Among Adults
Authors: Twinley Rebecca , Boland Leonie , Bunn Lisa , Letherby Gayle 
Published: March 2020

The objective of this review is to explore existing literature to identify, map, and synthesise past accounts of occupations that could be considered as constituting the dark side of occupation and which could, consequently, be identified and discussed as such. Presenting findings through use of a synthesis matrix, and formulating a descriptive account of the types of occupations (including their form, function, meaning, and contribution to identity and becoming) that constitute the dark side of occupation, is anticipated to assist with prioritising future collaborative research endeavours, as part of an intended programme of research.
Specifically, the review questions are:

What past accounts of occupations have been discussed or explored in the literature that would constitute falling under the conceptual ‘umbrella’ of the dark side of occupation?
What specific occupations that challenge the pervasive belief in the link between health and occupation have been discussed for the adult population, across all cultures?
Where do gaps of knowledge remain regarding the less explored occupations people subjectively experience, and which indicate the priority research areas that need to be explored from an occupational perspective?
Mitochondria-targeted triphenylphosphonium-based compounds do not affect estrogen receptor α
Authors: Zinovkina Ludmila A. , Galivondzhyan Alina K. , Prikhodko Anastasia S. , Galkin Ivan I. , Zinovkin Roman A. 
Published: March 2020

Background
Targeting negatively charged mitochondria is often achieved using triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cations. These cationic vehicles may possess biological activity, and a docking study indicates that TPP-moieties may act as modulators of signaling through the estrogen receptor α (ERα). Moreover, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed the estrogen-like effects of TPP-based compounds. Here, we tested the hypothesis that TPP-based compounds regulate the activity of ERα.

Methods
We used ERa-positive and ERα-negative human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, respectively). Cell proliferation was measured using a resazurin cell growth assay and a real-time cell analyzer assay. Cell cycle progression was analyzed using flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was used to assess mRNA expression of endogenous estrogen-responsive genes. Luciferase activity was measured to evaluate transcription driven by estrogen-responsive promoters in cells transfected with an estrogen response element (ERE)3-luciferase expression vector.

Results
The TPP-based molecules SkQ1 and C12TPP, as well as the rhodamine-based SkQR1, did not increase the proliferation or alter the cell cycle progression of MCF-7 cells. In contrast, 17β estradiol increased the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and the proportion of cells in the S/G2/M-phases of the cell cycle. TPP-based compounds did not affect the induction of transcription of an ERE-luciferase expression vector in vitro, and SkQ1 did not alter the levels of expression of estrogen-dependent genes encoding GREB1, TFF1, COX6, and IGFBP4.

Conclusion
TPP-based compounds do not possess properties typical of ERα agonists.
Hypertension and Its Association with Body Fat Composition among Chinese Community in Melaka, Malaysia, Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Lwin Htay , Htay Mila Nu Nu , Aye Mra , Soe Htoo Htoo Kyaw , Abas Adinegara Lutfi , Moe Soe , Phyu Khine Lynn 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Obesity, high body fat percentage and hypertension could increase the mortality and morbidity due to cardiovascular diseases. These risk factors develop during childhood and adolescent period. The present study aimed at determining the association between body fat composition and BP level among the Chinese community in Melaka, Malaysia.
Methodology: This is a cross-section study with the secondary data analysis of the health records of the patients who had attended the medical camps conducted in Melaka, Malaysia. The body fat and visceral fat were measured by using (Handheld Body Fat Scale Analyzer). The blood pressure measurement was done according to the Clinical Practice Guidelines, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. The participants who had systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 140 mmHg and/ or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 90 mmHg were defined as hypertension.
Results: The prevalence of hypertension among male participants was 42.5%, meanwhile, among female was 23.6%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher among males (37%) compared to females (20.8%). Gender, body fat (%) and was found to be associated with systolic blood pressure. Visceral fat (%) was the only associated factor of diastolic blood pressure.
Conclusion: This study found that body and visceral fat compositions are significantly correlated with systolic BP and visceral fat composition is significantly correlated with diastolic BP. High body and visceral fat composition should be used as a measure of increased risk for hypertension among old age peoples.
Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Surveillance of Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Beef and Frozen Poultry Meat (Chicken)
Authors: Fasiku Samuel Adedayo , Olayiwola John Olusola , Babayemi Emmanuel Oluwasegun , Lasekan Omorinsola Tolulope , Olanbiwoninu Afolake Atinuke 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA) associated with beef and frozen chicken is a threat to public health because of the potential ability of them being multiple antibiotics resistant.
Aim: The aim of this study is therefore to isolate, determine the susceptibility of S. aureus to oxacillin and subsequently other antibiotics so as to establish their antibiotic profiles.
Methodology: Beef meat (20) and frozen chicken (20) samples were collected from different markets and restaurants in Oyo town, Oyo state, Nigeria. S. aureus was isolated from these samples using Mannitol Salt Agar and pure culture obtained. Pure culture of isolates was characterized and identified based on morphological, biochemical properties and were further subjected to susceptibility to oxacillin and other antibiotics.
Results: Eighty S. aureus were isolated from beef meat and frozen chicken with occurrence of 34 and 46 respectively. Twenty five out of the 80 isolates were susceptible to oxacillin and termed as oxacillin susceptible S. aureus (OSSA) while 55 were resistant to oxacillin and termed as oxacillin resistant S. aureus (ORSA). S. aureus (ORSA and OSSA) from beef are susceptible (˃ 80%) to augmentin, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, ofloxacin, cefuroxime and erythromycin. However, rate of resistance of ORSA to ceftazidime and cloxacillin was high (˃ 70%). The susceptibility rate among the ORSA and OSSA isolates from chicken is also slight high with minimum of 71% for ofloxacin.
Conclusion: The overall antibiotic profiling revealed that cefuroxime, gentamicin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, ofloxacin and augmentin are viable antibiotics. Food products remain a potential interface in the transmission of Staphylococcus species and therefore there is constant need for the surveillance and subsequently recommendation on the good hygiene practice.