bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery for FIGO stage I–II cervical cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Shu-Li , Chen Ling , He Yue , Zhao Hui , Wu Yu-Mei 
Published: September 2020

Objective In this meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes of preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery compared with radical surgery alone for treatment of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I–II cervical cancer. Method We searched for studies comparing the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone in treatment outcomes of locally advanced cervical cancer. Meta-analysis was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Sixteen studies were included in our analysis. Pooled analysis of overall survival rate [odds ratio (OR) = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.83–1.43] and progression-free survival rate (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.77–1.57) showed that preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not have a benefit compared with surgery alone in terms of survival rates. The pooled results for postoperative parameters indicated that preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery was associated with a high rate of vascular space involvement (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.17–0.35) and parametrial infiltration (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.45–0.79). Conclusions This meta-analysis indicated that surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for FIGO stage I–II cervical cancer and surgery alone had similar oncological outcomes.
Refractory short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing responsive to anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies: A case report
Authors: Bsteh Gabriel , Bsteh Christian , Broessner Gregor 
Published: September 2020

Background Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) is a rare but severely disabling variant within the spectrum of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia lacking evidence-based treatment. Case We report a case of chronic SUNCT in a 67-year-old man refractory to various guideline-conforming treatment attempts responding excellently to galcanezumab. Conclusions This case report indicates that monoclonal antibodies against calcitonin gene-related peptide, specifically galcanezumab, might be a treatment option for SUNCT warranting further investigation.
Conscious Abstinence from Smokeless Tobacco Evokes Higher Withdrawal Response and Impairs Cognitive Performance Independent of Sympathetic Response
Authors: Barhwal Kalpana Kumari , Boppana Sujwal , Vashishtha Vivek , Mahapatra Sushil Chandra 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: High consumption of smokeless tobacco in adult Indian population increases the risk of developing oral cancers leading to high morbidity and mortality. Though the influence of abstinence from smoking on cognitive performance has been widely studied, the effect of smokeless tobacco on cognitive performance and its association with withdrawal symptoms is less understood. This study comparatively investigates the effect of short-term conscious abstinence and distraction during abstinence from smokeless tobacco consumption on the craving, withdrawal symptoms, sympathetic response, and cognitive performance in tobacco addicts. Methods: Age, sex, education and socioeconomic status matched control ( N = 15) and smokeless tobacco addicts ( N = 60) were recruited from residential areas in Bhubaneswar for the study. Following randomization of the addicts, conscious abstinence ( N = 30) was induced by informed abstinence from tobacco consumption for 8 hours, while distracted cessation ( N = 30) was induced by involving the participants in a cognitively engaging task for 8 hours during uninformed tobacco abstinence. Results: The results of the study show higher withdrawal symptoms and reduced cognitive performance in volunteers with conscious abstinence which was positively correlated. The decreased cognitive performance in conscious cessation was independent of tobacco-induced increase in the LF:HF ratio and cotinine concentration in saliva. Conclusion: While conscious abstinence results in higher withdrawal symptoms, distraction during abstinence lowers these symptoms. Inclusion of distraction sessions during cessation can, therefore, be a new element in tobacco control strategies.
Capital Budgeting: Maledia Broadcasting Ltd
Authors: Purani Keyoor , Jeesha Krishnan 
Published: September 2020

In 2011, Samjad, deputy CEO of Maledia Broadcasting Limited (MBL)—a new venture of the media group Maledia, based in Cochin, India—prepared to make financial projections to justify the feasibility of the new Malayalam news channel. He was faced with challenges of making estimates that made the project attractive yet practical and credible for the group that was conservative in their advertising sales approach. Set in an interesting industry like broadcasting, the case simulates a real-life situation that also provides a internal corporate context. With the help of the rich market data such as advertising spends, commercial time, competitive scenario in the region, students are expected to forecast revenue for the project. Students are also challenged to use benchmark data of competitors to estimate hurdle rate, capex and operating costs. Estimation of initial investments is also required to be made. Using the processed financial data and projections, students are required to prepare discounted cash flows (DCF) statements with net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) for the broadcast channel project. They learn to build alternate scenarios to deal with decisions under uncertainty. The case provides several opportunities to discuss narratives and numbers, helping students of finance realize the value of analysing the company policies and values, business situation, market environment and competitive financial information in capital budgeting, and project finance beyond number crunching.
Ofloxacin-Containing Multidrug Therapy in Ambulatory Leprosy Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Faust Lena , Klowak Michael , MacRae Cara , Kopalakrishnan Swana , Showler Adrienne J. , Boggild Andrea K. 
Published: September 2020

Background Standard dapsone and clofazimine-containing multidrug therapy (MDT) for leprosy is limited by drug tolerability, which poses treatment adherence barriers. Although ofloxacin-based regimens are promising alternatives, current efficacy and safety data are limited, particularly outside of endemic areas. We evaluated treatment outcomes in patients with leprosy receiving ofloxacin-containing MDT (OMDT) at our center. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of patients treated for leprosy at our center over an 8-year period (2011-2019). Primary outcomes evaluated were clinical cure rate, occurrence of leprosy reactions, antibiotic-related adverse events, and treatment adherence. Analyses were descriptive; however, data were stratified by age, sex, spectrum of disease, region of origin, and treatment regimen, and odds ratios were reported to assess associations with adverse outcomes. Results Over the enrolment period, 26 patients were treated with OMDT ( n = 19 multibacillary, n = 7 paucibacillary), and none were treated with clofazimine-based standard MDT. At the time of analysis, 23 patients (88%) had completed their course of treatment, and all were clinically cured, while 3 (12%) were still on treatment. Eighteen patients (69%) experienced either ENL ( n = 7, 27%), type 1 reactions ( n = 7, 27%), or both ( n = 4, 15%). No patients stopped ofloxacin due to adverse drug effects, and there were no cases of allergic hypersensitivity, tendinopathy or rupture, or C. difficile colitis. Conclusions We demonstrate a high cure rate and tolerability of OMDT in this small case series over an 8-year period, suggesting its viability as an alternative to standard clofazimine-containing MDT.
Dilutional local anaesthetic techniques in oncoplastic breast surgery and potential benefits during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
Authors: Batt Jeremy , Cook Nicola , Nadeem Muhammad , Sahu Ajay 
Published: September 2020

Introduction COVID-19 has changed the approach to operating on breast cancer for the benefit of patients, staff and the general population. One approach involves the switch from operating under general to local anaesthetic. We assess whether diluational local anaesthetic is as effective as the current standard approach. Methods Postoperative pain was recorded in prospective, consecutive patients undergoing wide local excision under dilutional local anaesthetic (concentration < 1mg/ml). Pain scores were documented at 0, 30 and 60 minutes and compared to a control group consisting of combined general with local anaesthetic. Results Pain significantly increased in the control group during the postoperative recovery. This was not seen in the dilutional local anaesthetic group that was non-inferior to the standard approach at 0, 30 and 60 minutes. Conclusion Dilutional local anaesthetic provides a safe and effective alternative approach to operating on breast cancer patients whilst avoiding risky general anaesthetic in a COVID-19 pandemic environment.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of lifestyle modification recommended for hypertension management and the associated factors among adult hypertensive patients in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Bogale Saron , Mishore Kirubel Minsamo , Tola Assefa , Mekuria Abraham Nigussie , Ayele Yohanes 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Hypertension is an overwhelming global challenge. Appropriate lifestyle modifications are the cornerstone for the prevention and control of hypertension. In this regard, lack of knowledge and poor attitude toward lifestyle modification have been a major setback. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice of lifestyle modification recommended for hypertension management and the associated factors among adult hypertensive patients in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 274 hypertensive patients in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, from 1 March to 30 May 2019. The pre-tested structured questionnaire was used, and the data were collected through an interview. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. A multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to determine independent predictors of knowledge and practice of lifestyle modifications among hypertensive patients. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI) was used for predicting the independent effect of each variable on the outcome variables. Results: From the total participants, 200 (73.0%) of participants had good knowledge, 182 (66.4%) had favorable attitude and 136 (49.6%) had good practice on lifestyle modification recommended for hypertension management. Regarding factors associated with lifestyle modification, being in age range of 46–64 years (AOR: 4.08, 95% CI: 1.14–14.56); having formal education (AOR: 3.93, 95% CI: 1.27–12.23); being government employee (AOR: 8.06, 95% CI: 1.40–46.32) and being housewives (AOR: 5.10, 95% CI: 1.26–20.79) were factors significantly associated with good knowledge of lifestyle modification, However, favorable attitude was found to be the only factor associated with good practice of lifestyle modification (AOR: 9.20, 95% CI: 2.60–32.24). Conclusion: In the current study, knowledge and attitude toward lifestyle modification recommended for hypertension management was fairly good but practice level was poor. Concerted strategies are required to increase the knowledge, attitude and practice of the lifestyle modification measures in this population group.
Early BCR-ABL1 kinetics are predictive of subsequent achievement of treatment-free remission in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Shanmuganathan Naranie , Pagani Ilaria S. , Ross David M. , Park Sahee , Yong Agnes S. M. , Braley Jodi A. , Altamura Haley K. , Hiwase Devendra K. , Yeung David T. , Kim Dong-Wook , Branford Susan , Hughes Timothy P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
With treatment-free remission (TFR) rapidly becoming the ultimate goal of therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), there is a need to develop strategies to maximize sustained TFR by improving our understanding of its key determinants. Chronic-phase CML patients attempting TFR were evaluated to identify the impact of multiple variables on the probability of sustained TFR. Early molecular response dynamics were included as a predictive variable, assessed by calculating the patient-specific halving time of BCR-ABL1 after commencing tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. Overall, 115 patients attempted TFR and had ≥12 months of follow-up. The probability of sustained TFR, defined as remaining in major molecular response off TKI therapy for 12 months, was 55%. The time taken for the BCR-ABL1 value to halve was the strongest independent predictor of sustained TFR: 80% in patients with a halving time of &lt;9.35 days (first quartile) compared with only 4% if the halving time was &gt;21.85 days (last quartile) (P &lt; .001). The e14a2 BCR-ABL1 transcript type and duration of TKI exposure before attempting TFR were also independent predictors of sustained TFR. However, the BCR-ABL1 value measured at 3 months of TKI was not an independent predictor of sustained TFR. A more rapid initial BCR-ABL1 decline after commencing TKI also correlated with an increased likelihood of achieving TFR eligibility. The association between sustained TFR and the time taken for BCR-ABL1 to halve after commencing TKI was validated using an independent dataset. These data support the critical importance of the initial kinetics of BCR-ABL1 decline for long-term outcomes.
Results of a phase 2 trial of an oral CXCR4 antagonist, mavorixafor, for treatment of WHIM syndrome
Authors: Dale David C. , Firkin Frank , Bolyard Audrey Anna , Kelley Merideth , Makaryan Vahagn , Gorelick Kenneth J. , Ebrahim Tarek , Garg Varun , Tang Weihua , Jiang Honghua , Skerlj Renato , Beaussant Cohen Sarah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWarts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency caused by gain-of-function mutations in the CXCR4 gene. We report the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary efficacy of mavorixafor from a phase 2 open-label dose-escalation and extension study in 8 adult patients with genetically confirmed WHIM syndrome. Mavorixafor is an oral small molecule selective antagonist of the CXCR4 receptor that increases mobilization and trafficking of white blood cells from the bone marrow. Patients received escalating doses of mavorixafor, up to 400 mg once daily. Five patients continued on the extension study for up to 28.6 months. Mavorixafor was well tolerated with no treatment-related serious adverse events. At a median follow-up of 16.5 months, we observed dose-dependent increases in absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). At doses ≥300 mg/d, ANC was maintained at &gt;500 cells per microliter for a median of 12.6 hours, and ALC was maintained at &gt;1000 cells per microliter for up to 16.9 hours. Continued follow-up on the extension study resulted in a yearly infection rate that decreased from 4.63 events (95% confidence interval, 3.3-6.3) in the 12 months prior to the trial to 2.27 events (95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.5) for patients on effective doses. We observed an average 75% reduction in the number of cutaneous warts. This study demonstrates that mavorixafor, 400 mg once daily, mobilizes neutrophil and lymphocytes in adult patients with WHIM syndrome and provides preliminary evidence of clinical benefit for patients on long-term therapy. The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03005327.
Double unrelated umbilical cord blood vs HLA-haploidentical bone marrow transplantation: the BMT CTN 1101 trial
Authors: Fuchs Ephraim J. , O’Donnell Paul V. , Eapen Mary , Logan Brent , Antin Joseph H. , Dawson Peter , Devine Steven , Horowitz Mary M. , Horwitz Mitchell E. , Karanes Chatchada , Leifer Eric , Magenau John M. , McGuirk Joseph P. , Morris Lawrence E. , Rezvani Andrew R. , Jones Richard J. , Brunstein Claudio G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResults of 2 parallel phase 2 trials of transplantation of unrelated umbilical cord blood (UCB) or bone marrow (BM) from HLA-haploidentical relatives provided equipoise for direct comparison of these donor sources. Between June 2012 and June 2018, 368 patients aged 18 to 70 years with chemotherapy-sensitive lymphoma or acute leukemia in remission were randomly assigned to undergo UCB (n = 186) or haploidentical (n = 182) transplant. Reduced-intensity conditioning comprised total-body irradiation with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine for both donor types. Graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis for UCB transplantation was cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and for haploidentical transplantation, posttransplant cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, and MMF. The primary end point was 2-year progression-free survival (PFS). Treatment groups had similar age, sex, self-reported ethnic origin, performance status, disease, and disease status at randomization. Two-year PFS was 35% (95% confidence interval [CI], 28% to 42%) compared with 41% (95% CI, 34% to 48%) after UCB and haploidentical transplants, respectively (P = .41). Prespecified analysis of secondary end points recorded higher 2-year nonrelapse mortality after UCB, 18% (95% CI, 13% to 24%), compared with haploidentical transplantation, 11% (95% CI, 6% to 16%), P = .04. This led to lower 2-year overall survival (OS) after UCB compared with haploidentical transplantation, 46% (95% CI, 38-53) and 57% (95% CI 49% to 64%), respectively (P = .04). The trial did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in the primary end point, 2-year PFS, between the donor sources. Although both donor sources extend access to reduced-intensity transplantation, analyses of secondary end points, including OS, favor haploidentical BM donors. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01597778.
Potential Diagnostic Systems for Coronavirus Detection: a Critical Review
Authors: Ekrami Elena , Pouresmaieli Mahdi , Barati Fatemeh , Asghari Sahar , Ziarani Farzad Ramezani , Shariati Parvin , Mamoudifard Matin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCurrently there are no effective anti-viral drugs for SARS-CoV-2, so the primary line of defense is to detect infected cases as soon as possible. The high rate of contagion for this virus and the highly nonspecific symptoms of the disease (Coronovirus disease 2019, (Covid-19)) that it causes, such as respiratory symptoms, cough, dyspnea, fever, and viral pneumonia, require the urgent establishment of precise and fast diagnostic tests to verify suspected cases, screen patients, and conduct virus surveillance. Nowadays, several virus detection methods are available for viral diseases, which act on specific properties of each virus or virus family, therefore, further investigations and trials are needed to find a highly efficient and accurate detection method to detect and prevent the outcomes of the disease. Hence, there is an urgent need for more and precise studies in this field. In this review, we discussed the properties of a new generation of coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2) following routine virus detection methods and proposed new strategies and the use of potential samples for SARS-CoV-2 detection.Graphical Abstract
Identification and characterization of the bacteriocin Carocin S3 from the multiple bacteriocin producing strain of Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum
Authors: Wang Jyun-Wei , Derilo Reymund C. , Lagitnay Ruchi Briam James S. , Wu Huang-Pin , Chen Kai-In , Chuang Duen-Yau 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, which causes soft-rot disease in numerous plants worldwide resulting in significant economic losses. Results from our previous studies showed that the strain H-rif-8-6 produces low-molecular-weight bacteriocin (LMWB) Carocin S1. Interestingly, TH22–10, the caroS1K:Tn5 insertional mutant in H-rif-8-6, loses Carocin S1 producing ability, but still produces other LMWBs which the indicator strain SP33 can detect. The SP33 is one of the many strains that are sensitive toward the cytotoxic effects of Carocin S3K, but not Carocin S1. The result revealed that H-rif-8-6 is a multiple-bacteriocin producing strain.

Results
In this study, a 4.1-kb DNA fragment was isolated from the chromosomal DNA of Pcc strain, H-rif-8-6, by a DNA probe using the caroS1K gene as the template. DNA sequencing and analysis by GenBank revealed two complete open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 and ORF2, which were identified within the sequence fragment. ORF1 and ORF2, similar to the identified carocin S2 genes, encode the killer (Carocin S3K) and the immunity (Carocin S3I) proteins, respectively, which were homologous to the colicin E3 gene. Carocin S3K and Carocin S3I were expressed, isolated, and purified in Escherichia coli BL21 after subcloning of the expression plasmid pGS3KI or pGSK3I. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the relative masses of Carocin S3K and Carocin S3I were 95.6 kDa and 10.2 kDa, respectively. The results reveal that Carocin S3K has higher antimicrobial and specific antimicrobial activities for Pcc along with a nuclease activity than Carocin S3I. However, Carocin S3I inhibits the activity of Carocin S3K. Interestingly, a high concentration of Carocin S3I protein is also a DNA nuclease, and Carocin S3K also inhibits its activity.

Conclusion
This study showed that another type of bacteriocin was found in Pectobacterium carotovorum. This new type of bacteriocin, Carocin S3, has the killer protein, Carocin S3K, and the immunity protein, Carocin S3I.