bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presumed Sympathetic Ophthalmia after Scleral Buckling Surgery: Case Report
Authors: Hosseini Seyedeh Maryam , Shoeibi Nasser , Zadeh Mahdieh Azimi , Ghasemi Mahdi , Abrishami Mojtaba 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Scleral buckling (SB) is usually considered an extraocular operation, and it is presumed to have low risk of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO). We aimed to report a rare case of presumed SO in a young female patient following SB. Case Presentation: A nineteen year-old female patient was referred for visual loss in her left eye because of macula off inferior longstanding rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/400 in the left eye. SB with 360 degrees encircling band and inferior segmental tire, with one spot cryoretinopexy at the break site and subretinal fluid drainage was performed. One week after operation, BCVA was improved to 20/80 and retina was totally attached. Six weeks later, patient came with severe visual loss in both eyes as counting finger 1 meter. Bilateral multifocal serous RD and vitreous cells was found. The patient was diagnosed as sympathetic Ophthalmia, and treated with intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy and mycophenolate mofetil. The inflammation was controlled and serous RD resolved after five days intravenous treatment and was not relapsed after six months. BCVA became 20/20 in right eye and 20/50 in the left eye after six months. Systemic workup was negative for any extraocular disease or systemic involvement.Conclusion: As SB usually considered as a procedure without manipulating intraocular tissues, it is considered to have low risk for SO. In this report, we presented SO occurance after successful SB. Inciting the choroid and retinal pigment epithelium with cryoretinopexy or perforating for drainage may induce SO.
Utilization of Integrated Angiography-CT Interventional Radiology Suites at a Tertiary Cancer Center
Authors: Erinjeri Joseph P. , Doustaly Raphael , Avignon Grégoire , Bendet Achiude , Petre Elena , Ziv Etay , Yarmohammadi Hooman , Solomon Stephen B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Integrated Angiography-Computed Tomography (ACT) suites were initially designed in the 1990’s to perform complex procedures requiring high-resolution cross-sectional imaging and fluoroscopy. Since then, there have been technology developments and changes in patient management. The purpose of this study was to review the current usage patterns of a single center’s integrated ACT suites. Methods: All procedures performed in 2017 in 3 ACT suites (InterACT Discovery RT, GE Healthcare) at a tertiary cancer center were reviewed retrospectively. Usage was classified as: Standard, in which the patient underwent a single procedure using either fluoroscopy, CT, or ultrasound (US); Combined, in which the patient underwent a single procedure utilizing both fluoroscopy and CT; or Staged, in which the patient underwent 2 separate but successive procedures using fluoroscopy and CT individually. The most frequently performed Combined and Staged procedures were further reviewed to determine how the different modalities were used. The duration of the most common Staged procedures was compared to analogous procedures’ durations in single modality rooms over the period Jan 2016 to Sep 2019.Results: A total of 3591 procedures were performed on 2678 patients in the 3 ACT Suites. 80% of patients underwent a Standard procedure using fluoroscopy (38%), CT (32%) or US (10%) and accounted for 70% of the room occupation time. 14% and 3% of the patients underwent Combined or Staged procedures, occupying 19% and 5% of the room time, respectively. The remaining procedures were classified as both Combined and Staged, representing 3% of the patients and 6% of the room occupation time. The most common Combined procedures were drainages, hepatic arterial embolizations or radioembolizations, arterial, and biliary interventions. The most common Staged procedures were multiple drainages and hepatic arterial embolizations followed by biopsies or ablations. The room occupation time for liver tumor embolization and ablation was significantly shorter (p<0.01) when performed in a Staged fashion versus the analogous procedures in single modality room.Conclusion: An integrated ACT system provides the capability to perform complex Combined or Staged procedures as well as scheduling flexibility by allowing any type of case to be performed in the IR suite.
MCCMF: Collaborative matrix factorization based on matrix completion for predicting miRNA-disease associations
Authors: Wu Tian-Ru , Yin Meng-Meng , Jiao Cui-Na , Gao Ying-Lian , Kong Xiang-Zhen , Liu Jin-Xing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with regulatory functions. Many studies have shown that miRNAs are closely associated with human diseases. Among the methods to explore the relationship between the miRNA and the disease, traditional methods are time-consuming and the accuracy needs to be improved. In view of the shortcoming of previous models, a method, collaborative matrix factorization based on matrix completion (MCCMF) is proposed to predict the unknown miRNA-disease associations.Results: The complete matrix of the miRNA and the disease is obtained by matrix completion. Moreover, Gaussian Interaction Profile (GIP) kernel is added to the miRNA functional similarity matrix and the disease semantic similarity matrix. Then the Weight K Nearest Known Neighbors (WKNKN) method is used to pretreat the association matrix, so the model is close to the reality. Finally, collaborative matrix factorization (CMF) method is applied to obtain the prediction results. Therefore, the MCCMF obtains a satisfactory result in the five-fold cross-validation, with an AUC of 0.9569(0.0005).Conclusions: The AUC value of MCCMF is higher than other advanced methods in the 5-fold cross validation experiment. In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of MCCMF, accuracy, precision, recall and f-measure are also added. The final experimental results demonstrate that MCCMF outperforms other methods in predicting miRNA-disease associations. In the end, the effectiveness and practicability of MCCMF are further verified by researching three specific diseases.
MHC class I evolution; from Northern pike to salmonids
Authors: Grimholt Unni , Lukacs Morten 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSalmonids are of major importance both as farmed and wild animals. With the changing environment comes changes in pathogenic pressures so understanding the immune system of all salmonid species is of essence. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are key players in the adaptive immune system signalling infection to responding T-cells populations. Classical MHC class I (MHCI) genes, defined by high polymorphism, broad expression patterns and peptide binding ability, have a key role in inducing immunity. In salmonids, the fourth whole genome duplication that occurred 94 million years ago has provided salmonids with duplicate MHCI regions, while Northern Pike, a basal sister clade to salmonids, represent a species which has not experienced this whole genome duplication. ResultsComparing the gene organization and evolution of MHC class I gene sequences in Northern pike versus salmonids displays a complex picture of how many of these genes evolved. Regional salmonid Ia and Ib Z lineage gene duplicates are not orthologs to the Northern pike Z lineage sequences. Instead, salmonids have experienced unique gene duplications in both duplicate regions as well as in the Salmo and Oncorhynchus branch. Species-specific gene duplications are even more pronounced for some L lineage genes. ConclusionsAlthough both Northern pike as well as salmonids have expanded their U and Z lineage genes, these gene duplications occurred separately in pike and in salmonids. However, the similarity between these duplications suggest the transposable machinery was present in a common ancestor. The salmonid MHCIa and MHCIb regions were formed during the 94 MYA since the split from pike and before the Oncorhynchus and Salmo branch separated. As seen in tetrapods, the non-classical U lineage genes are diversified duplicates of their classical counterpart. One MHCI lineage, the L lineage, experienced massive species-specific gene duplications after Oncorhynchus and Salmo split approximately 25 MYA. Based on what we currently know about L lineage genes, this large variation in number of L lineage genes also signals a large functional diversity in salmonids.
Evaluating survey designs for targeting preventive chemotherapy against Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni across Sub-Saharan Africa: a geostatistical analysis and modelling study
Authors: Fornace Kimberly , Fronterrè Claudio , Fleming Fiona M , Simpson Hope , Zoure Honorat , Rebollo Maria , Mwinzi Pauline , Vounatsou Penelope , Pullan Rachel L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Schistosomiasis control programmes primarily use school-based surveys to identify areas for mass drug administration of preventive chemotherapy. However, as the spatial distribution of schistosomiasis can be highly focal, transmission may not be detected by surveys implemented at districts or larger spatial units. Improved mapping strategies are required to accurately and cost-effectively target preventive chemotherapy to remaining foci across all possible spatial distributions of schistosomiasis. Methods: Here, we use geostatistical models to quantify the spatial heterogeneity of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni across sub-Saharan Africa using the most comprehensive dataset available on school-based surveys. Applying this information to parameterise simulations, we assess the accuracy and cost of targeting alternative implementation unit sizes across the range of plausible schistosomiasis distributions. We evaluate the consequences of decisions based on survey designs implemented at district and subdistrict levels sampling different numbers of schools. Cost data were obtained from field surveys conducted across multiple countries and years, with cost effectiveness evaluated as the cost per correctly identified school. Results: Models identified marked differences in prevalence and spatial distributions between countries and species; however, results suggest implementing surveys at subdistrict level increase the accuracy of treatment classifications across most scenarios. While sampling intensively at the subdistrict level resulted in the highest classification accuracy, this sampling strategy resulted in the highest costs. Alternatively, sampling the same numbers of schools currently recommended at the district level but stratifying by subdistrict increased cost effectiveness.Conclusions: This study provides a new tool to evaluate schistosomiasis survey designs across a range of transmission settings. Results highlight the importance of considering spatial structure when designing sampling strategies, illustrating that a substantial proportion of children may be undertreated even when an implementation unit is correctly classified. Control programmes need to weigh the increased accuracy of more detailed mapping strategies against the survey costs and treatment priorities.
Ticagrelor Monotherapy in Patients with Concomitant Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease: A post hoc analysis of the GLOBAL LEADERS Trial
Authors: Gao Chao , Tomaniak Mariusz , Takahashi Kuniaki , Kawashima Hideyuki , Wang Rutao , Hara Hironori , Ono Masafumi , Montalescot Gilles , Garg Scot , Haude Michael , Slagboom Ton , Vranckx Pascal , Valgimigli Marco , Windecker Stephan , Geuns Robert-Jan van , Hamm Christian , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Onuma Yoshinobu , Angiolillo Dominick , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Patients with both diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a subpopulation characterized by ultrahigh ischemic and bleeding risk after percutaneous coronary intervention. There are limited data on the impact of ticagrelor monotherapy among these patients.Methods In this post hoc analysis of the GLOBAL-LEADERS trial, the treatment effects of the experimental (one-month dual-antiplatelet therapy [DAPT] followed by 23-month ticagrelor monotherapy) versus the reference regimen (12-month DAPT followed by 12-month aspirin alone) were analyzed according to DM/CKD status. The primary endpoint was a composite endpoint of all-cause death or new Q-wave myocardial infarction at two-years. The patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE) was defined as the composite of all-cause death, any stroke, site-reported MI and any revascularization, whereas net adverse clinical events (NACE) combined POCE with BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding events.Results At two years, the DM+/CKD+ patients had significantly higher incidences of the primary endpoint (9.5% versus 3.1%, adjusted HR 2.16; 95%CI [1.66-2.80], p<0.001), BARC type 3 or 5 bleeding events, stroke, site-reported myocardial infraction, all revascularization, POCE, and NACE, compared with the DM-/CKD- patients. Among the DM+/CKD+ patients, after adjustment, there were no significant differences in the primary endpoints between the experimental and reference regimen; however, the experimental regimen was associated with lower rates of POCE (20.6% versus 25.9%, HR 0.74; 95%CI [0.55-0.99], p=0.043, pinteraction=0.155) and NACE (22.7% versus 28.3%, HR 0.75; 95%CI [0.56-0.99], p=0.044, pinteraction=0.310), which was mainly driven by a lower rate of all revascularization, as compared with the reference regimen. The landmark analysis showed that while the experimental and reference regimen had similar rates of all the clinical endpoints during the first year, the experimental regimen was associated with significantly lower rates of POCE (5.8% versus 11.0%, HR 0.49; 95%CI [0.29-0.82], p=0.007, pinteraction=0.040) and NACE (5.8% versus 11.2%, HR 0.48; 95%CI [0.29-0.82], p=0.007, pinteraction=0.013) in the second year.Conclusion Among patients with both DM and CKD, ticagrelor monotherapy was not associated with lower rates of all-cause death or new Q-wave, or major bleeding complications; however, it was associated with lower rates of POCE and NACE. These findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01813435).
STRIATAL DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER SPECT QUANTIFICATION: HEAD-TO-HEAD COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO THREE-DIMENSIONAL AUTOMATIC TOOLS
Authors: Morbelli Silvia , Arnaldi Dario , Cella Eugenia , Raffa Stefano , Donegani Isabella , Capitanio Selene , Massa Federico , Miceli Alberto , Filippi Laura , Chincarini Andrea , Nobili Flavio 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose. Our aim was the head-to-head comparison between two automatic tools for semi-quantification of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) specific-to-non displaceable (SBR) ratio brain SPECT values in a naturalistic cohort of patients. Procedures. We analyzed consecutive scans from one-hundred and fifty-one outpatients submitted to brain DAT SPECT for a suspected parkinsonism. Images were post-processed using a commercial (Datquant®) and a free (BasGanV2) software. Reading by expert was the gold-standard. A subset of patients with pathological or borderline scan was evaluated with the clinical Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale, motor part (MDS-UPDRS-III). Results. SBR, putamen-to-caudate (P/C) ratio, and both P and C asymmetries were highly correlated between the two software with Pearson’s ‘r’ correlation coefficients ranging from .706 to .887. Correlation coefficients with the MDS-UPDRS III score were higher with caudate than with putamen SBR values with both software, and in general higher with BasGanV2 than with Datquant® . Datquant® correspondence with expert reading was 84.1% (94.0% by additionally considering the P/C ratio as a further index). BasGanV2 correspondence with expert reading was 80.8% (86.1% by additionally considering the P/C ratio). Conclusions. Both Datquant® and BasGanV2 work reasonably well and similarly one another in semi-quantification of DAT SPECT. Both tools have their own strength and pitfalls that must be known in detail by users in order to obtain the best help in visual reading and reporting of DAT SPECT.
Clinical characteristics and laboratory biomarkers changes in COVID-19 patients requiring or not intensive or sub-intensive care: a comparative study
Authors: Cattelan Anna Maria , Meco Eugenia Di , Trevenzoli Marco , Frater Alessia , Ferrari Anna , Villano Marco , Gomiero Federica , Carretta Giovanni , Sasset Lolita 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Identifying risk factors for severe novel-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is useful to ascertain which patients may benefit from advanced supportive care. The study aims to offer a comparative description of the COVID-19 patients, admitted to a general ward for a non-critical clinical picture, who required or not to be transferred to the intensive (ICU) and/or sub-intensive care (SICU) units. Methods This observational retrospective study included all COVID-19 patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases Unit. Clinical, laboratory, radiological and treatment data were collected. The primary outcome was a composite of need of transfer to the ICU and/or SICU during the hospitalization. Patients who did not require to be transferred are defined Group 1; patients who were transferred to the ICU and/or SICU are defined Group 2. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups. Results 303 patients were included. Median age was 62 years. 69 patients (22,8%) met the primary outcome and were defined Group 2. The overall mortality rate was 6.8%. Group 2 were more likely to be men, had a higher mortality (14,5% vs. 3,8%, p<0,01), had more hypertension (72,4% vs. 44%, p<0,01) and diabetes (31,9% vs. 21%, p=0,04) and were more likely to present dry cough (49,3% vs. 25,2%, p<0.01). Overall, chest X-ray at admission showed findings suggestive of pneumonia in 63,2%, and Group 2 were more likely to develop pathological findings during the hospitalization (72,7%vs. 17,2%, p<0,01). At admission, Group 2 presented significantly higher neutrophil count, aspartate-transaminase and C-reactive-protein. At the 3rd measurement, Group 2 presented persistently higher neutrophil count, liver function tests and C-reactive-protein. Group 1 presented a shorter duration from admission to negativization of follow-up swabs (20 vs. 35 days, p<0,01). Conclusions The presence of comorbidities and the persistent observation of abnormal laboratory findings should be regarded as predisposing factors for clinical worsening.
Advancing Pediatric Palliative Care In a Low-Middle Income Country: An Implementation Study, A challenging but not impossible task
Authors: Garcia-Quintero Ximena , Parra-Lara Luis Gabriel , Claros-Hulbert Angelica , Cuervo-Suarez Maria Isabel , Gomez-Garcia Wendy , Desbrandes Francois , Arias-Casais Natalia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The abyss of access to pediatric palliative care and pain management in Latin America remains to be an unaddressed global health issue. Efforts to improve the development level of Palliative Care (PC) provision have traditionally targeted services for adults, leaving the pediatric population unaddressed. Examples of such services are scarce and should be portrayed in scientific literature to inform decision-makers and service providers on models of care available to tackle the burden of Pediatric Palliative Cares (PPC) in Low-and middle-income countries (LMIC). The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of a pediatric palliative care program “Taking Care of You ” (TCY) , in a tertiary care university hospital in Cali, Colombia. Methods: A program’s database was built with children between 0 to 18 years old and their families, from year 2017 to 2019. Descriptive analysis to evaluate the impact of the program and service delivery was conducted. A theory-based method was directed to describe the PPC program, according to the implementation of self-designed taxonomy, mapping theoretical levels and domains. Clinical outcomes in patients were included in the analysis. Results: Since 2017 the program has provided PPC services to 1.965 children. Most of them had an oncologic diagnosis and were referred from hospitalization services (53%). The number of outpatients increased by 80% every trimester between 2017-2018. A 50% increase was reported in hospitalization, emergency, and intensive care units during the same time period. Conclusions: The program addressed a gap in the provision of PPC to children in Cali. It shows effective strategies used to implement a program, and how the referral times, coordination of care, communication with other hospital services were improved. Providing compassionate/holistic care to children with Life-limiting and threatening diseases, and in end-of-life. The implementation of this program has required the onset of specific strategies and arrangements to promote awareness and education proving it a hard task, yet not impossible.
Simultaneous targeting tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts with a Paclitaxel-Hyaluronan bioconjugate: in vitro evaluation in non-melanoma skin cancer
Authors: Bellei Barbara , Caputo Silvia , Migliano Emilia , Lopez Gianluca , Marcaccini Valeria , Cota Carlo , Picardo Mauro 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancers are complex organs which encompass not only the tumor cells but also cells within the surrounding stroma. Such cells, mainly cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and immune infiltrating cells, facilitate many aspects of cancer development providing a structural and supportive framework rich of bioactive compounds. So far, there are emerging studies proposing the combination of conventional anti-cancer therapy, directed against neoplastic cells, to molecules targeting tumor microenviroment.Methods: The study was designed to evaluated the pharmacological properties of the anti-tumor agent paclitaxel conjugated to hyaluronic acid (HA) on non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and on the surronding dermal fibroblasts. This molecule, named Oncofid-P20 (Onco-P20), targets preferentially cells expressing high level of CD44, the natural ligand of HA.Results: Consistent with paclitaxel’s mechanism of action involving interferences with the normal breackdown of microtubules during cell division, highly sensible carcinoma cells underwent rapidly to apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, less sensible cells such as dermal fibroblasts resisted to the Onco-P20 treatment and experirenced a prologed growth arrest characterized by morphological change and significant modification of the gene espression profile that partially overlaps with that of senescent cells. Onco-P20-treated fibroblasts lowered growth factors production, down-modulate Wnt signal pathway and acquired a marked pro-inflammatory profile. Independently to the direct exposure to taxol, in presence of Onco-P20-treated fibroblasts or their conditioned medium, carcinoma cells reduced the proliferation rate. Similar to NHF, fibroblasts isolated from skin cancer tumor lesion or from tissue adjacent to the tumor acquired an anti-neoplastic activity under Oncofid-P20 treatment.Conclusion: Collectively, our data demonstrated that Onco-P20, exerting both a direct and a NHF-mediated indirect paracrine effect on carcinoma cells, is a good candidate for an innovative therapy alternative to surgery for treatment of NMSC.