bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Executive coaching explained: the beginnings of a contingency approach
Authors: Offstein Evan H. , Dufresne Ronald L. , Childers Jr John S. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeIn this paper, we problematize the prevailing assumptions in the executive coaching literature that effective coaching is deliberative, trust-based and relational in nature, thereby requiring significant time investment before the focal leader might realize enacted benefits from the coaching. Contrary to these prevailing assumptions, we propose five contingencies wherein a more direct, performance-first approach to coaching may be more effective.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper reviews relevant literature to develop testable propositions regarding directive coaching contingencies.FindingsWe develop propositions that argue executive coaches will need to employ a more directive, urgent and accountable coaching relationship when the executive's career is in jeopardy, the organization is in distress, if the leader needs to signal legitimacy, if the coaching occurs within the boundaries of a high reliability organization or if the coach is working with an executive who has interim status.Originality/valueThis paper intends to advance the theory and practice of executive coaching by challenging executive coaching orthodoxy regarding the need for a deliberative, relational approach to coaching. Future research should broaden this theorizing and empirically test our propositions.
Performance Investigation of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle Systems With and Without Regeneration and With Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Use in Micro-Cogeneration
Authors: Yaïci Wahiba , Entchev Evgueniy , Talebizadeh Sardari Pouyan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Globally there are several viable sources of renewable, low-temperature heat (below 130°C) particularly solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy generated from industrial wastes. Increased exploitation of these low-temperature options has the definite potential of reducing fossil fuel consumption with its attendant very harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers have universally identified the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) as a practicable and promising system to generate electrical power from renewable sources based on its beneficial use of volatile organic fluids as working fluids (WFs). In recent times, researchers have also shown a preference for/an inclination towards deployment of zeotropic mixtures as ORC WFs because of their capacity to improve thermodynamic performance of ORC systems, a feat enabled by better matches of the temperature profiles of the WF and the heat source/sink.
This paper demonstrates both the technical feasibility and the notable advantages of using zeotropic mixtures as WFs through a simulation study of an ORC system. The study examines the thermodynamic performance of ORC systems using zeotropic WF mixtures to generate electricity driven by low-temperature solar heat source for building applications. A thermodynamic model is developed with an ORC system both with and excluding a regenerator. Five zeotropic mixtures with varying compositions of R245fa/propane, R245fa/hexane, R245fa/heptane, pentane/hexane and isopentane/hexane are evaluated and compared to identify the best combinations of WF mixtures that can yield high efficiency in their system cycles.
The study also investigates the effects of the volumetric flow ratio, and evaporation and condensation temperature glides on the ORC’s thermodynamic performance. Following a detailed analysis of each mixture, R245fa/propane is selected for parametric study to examine the effects of operating parameters on the system’s efficiency and sustainability index.
For zeotropic mixtures, results showed that there is an optimal composition range within which binary mixtures are inclined to perform more efficiently than the component pure fluids. In addition, a significant increase in cycle efficiency can be achieved with a regenerative ORC, with cycle efficiency ranging between 3.1–9.8% and 8.6–17.4% for ORC both without and with regeneration, respectively. Results also showed that exploiting zeotropic mixtures could enlarge the limitation experienced in selecting WFs for low-temperature solar organic Rankine cycles.
Fault Detection and Classification in Smart Grids Using Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Munir Muhammad Ibrahim , Hussain Sajid , Al-Alili Ali , Al Ameri Reem , El-Sadaany Ehab 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
One of the core features of the smart grid deemed essential for smooth grid operation is the detection and diagnosis of system failures. For a utility transmission grid system, these failures could manifest in the form of short circuit faults and open circuit faults. Due to the advent of the digital age, the traditional grid has also undergone a massive transition to digital equipment and modern sensors which are capable of generating large volumes of data. The challenge is to preprocess this data such that it can be utilized for the detection of transients and grid failures. This paper presents the incorporation of artificial intelligence techniques such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) to detect and comprehensively classify the most common fault transients within a reasonable range of accuracy. For gauging the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, a thorough evaluation study is conducted on a modified IEEE-39 bus system. Bus voltage and line current measurements are taken for a range of fault scenarios which result in high-frequency transient signals. These signals are analyzed using continuous wavelet transform (CWT). The measured signals are afterward preprocessed using Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) employing Daubechies four (Db4) mother wavelet in order to decompose the high-frequency components of the faulty signals. DWT results in a range of high and low-frequency detail and approximate coefficients, from which a range of statistical features are extracted and used as inputs for training and testing the classification algorithms. The results demonstrate that the trained models can be successfully employed to detect and classify faults on the transmission system with acceptable accuracy.
Performance Analysis of a Solar Powered Organic Rankine Cycle With Energy Storage in Different U.S. Climate Zones
Authors: Hemmati Hadis , Zhang Jian , Spayde Emily , Mago Pedro J. , Cho Heejin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Solar-powered organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a promising technology and has the potential to provide clean electric energy. Extensive studies on the design of ORC systems have been conducted and reported in the literature. However, very few studies have presented the influence of the climate zones on the performance of a solar-powered ORC, especially for an integrated ORC and energy storage system. This paper presents an analysis to determine the performance of a solar-powered ORC with electric energy storage (EES) to supply electricity to a building in different climate zones in the United States. The building type evaluated in this paper is a large office, and the energy consumption of the facility in each climate location was determined using EnergyPlus. The ORC-EES operational strategy used in this investigation consists of the ORC charging the EES when solar irradiation is sufficient to generate power. Then the EES provides power to the building when there is no solar energy available. The ORC-EES is evaluated based on the potential to reduce the operational cost, the primary energy consumption, and the carbon dioxide emission. Furthermore, the effect of the number of solar collectors and the EES size on the performance of the ORC-EES system is also studied.
Update on NREL Outdoor Exposure Campaign of Solar Mirrors
Authors: Celvi Daniel , Schreiber Christa , Tirawat Robert , Zhu Guangdong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Beginning in 2018, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory restarted exposure campaigns on new and archived samples as part of a multiyear project, some with outdoor exposure for more than a decade. By resuming exposure and collecting and analyzing data on thousands of samples going back decades, several goals can be advanced that can be difficult to determine within the timeline of most projects: 1) correlating an accelerated exposure campaign to outdoor aging, specifically with xenon arc lamp exposure chambers; 2) drawing conclusions between specific corrosion mechanisms and weather patterns; and 3) finding novel relationships between mirror composition and performance.
In addition to building and mining a database, we will experiment with new characterization techniques, primarily focused on macroscopic and microscopic imaging. In introducing these techniques more broadly, it may be possible to reveal a more direct line between optical performance and exposure campaigns by better understanding the degradation mechanisms occurring.
Numerical Simulation of Electrical Performance and Distribution of SOFC Stacks With Different Manifold Arrangement
Authors: Hou Quan , Wu Yuhua , Liu Haokun , Xu Xinhai , Xu Ben 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, a three-dimensional solid oxide fuel cell stack numerical model was developed and validated by experimental data. Five-cell SOFC stacks with different inlet and outlet manifold arrangement were investigated employing the numerical model. The stack polarization curve, current density, temperature, and flow distributions were analyzed. The results show that the effect of different manifold arrangement is almost neglected on the polarization curves and flow distribution. However, the current density and temperature distribution in individual unit of the stack can be influenced by the locations of inlets and outlets in the manifolds. Considering current density and temperature distribution uniformity as well as ease manufacturing and installation, the manifold arrangement with inlets at the top and outlets at the bottom for both fuel and air is recommended for SOFC stacks.
Selective Infrared Energy Harvesting by Nanoparticle Dispersions in Solar Thermal Desalination Systems
Authors: Hammonds James S. , Stancil Kimani A. , Adewuyi Olalekan S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A significant portion of the infrared solar spectrum is either unused, or wasted by inefficient solar energy conversion. In this paper, we show that infrared light harvesting can also be accomplished by dispersions of polar nanoparticles. Polar nanoparticle dispersions in a selective absorber may result in Solar Thermal Desalination (STD) systems that aim to maximize the solar-to-heat conversion efficiency by managing the thermal radiative and conduction losses. In noting that irregular dispersions of polar nanoparticles are less costly than regularly spaced nanostructures to manufacture at large scales, we describe the solar absorptivity as a function of a nanoparticle chain model determined emissivity and thermal conductance. The near-field interactions between nanoparticles are explained by modeling the nanoparticles as dispersed electromagnetic dipole oscillations that interact with solar light. An FDTD model of polar nanodispersions near an optical cavity is used to demonstrate infrared harvesting. With this model, we show that the infrared light-harvesting mechanisms of silica nanoparticles involve local and propagating surface phonon polaritons and varying the volume fraction changes radiation transport properties by several orders of magnitude. In discussing STD systems, we demonstrate a potential to use nanoparticle chains to create novel selective absorbers with tunable solar absorptivity.
Testing and Simulations of Spatial and Temporal Temperature Variations in a Particle-Based Thermal Energy Storage Bin
Authors: Sment Jeremy N. , Martinez Mario J. , Albrecht Kevin , Ho Clifford K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The National Solar Thermal Test Facility (NSTTF) at Sandia National Laboratories is conducting research on a Generation 3 Particle Pilot Plant (G3P3) that uses falling sandlike particles as the heat transfer medium. The system will include a thermal energy storage (TES) bin with a capacity of 6 MWht¬ requiring ∼120,000 kg of flowing particles. Testing and modeling were conducted to develop a validated modeling tool to understand temporal and spatial temperature distributions within the storage bin as it charges and discharges.
Flow and energy transport in funnel-flow was modeled using volume averaged conservation equations coupled with level set interface tracking equations that prescribe the dynamic geometry of particle flow within the storage bin. A thin layer of particles on top of the particle bed was allowed to flow toward the center and into the flow channel above the outlet.
Model results were validated using particle discharge temperatures taken from thermocouples mounted throughout a small steel bin. The model was then used to predict heat loss during charging, storing, and discharging operational modes at the G3P3 scale. Comparative results from the modeling and testing of the small bin indicate that the model captures many of the salient features of the transient particle outlet temperature over time.
Gen3 CSP Materials: Critical Review of Limited Existing and New Survey Data
Authors: Gunawan Andrey , Arkhurst Bettina K. , Brankovic Sonja A. , Yee Shannon K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Novel high temperature (≥ 700°C) Heat Transfer Medias (HTMs, e.g., molten salts) and corrosion-resistant Containment Materials (CMs, e.g., metal alloys or ceramics) are necessary for concentrated solar power (CSP) given the emphasis on higher temperatures and high cycle efficiency in the 3rd generation CSP (Gen3 CSP) technologies. In early 2019, we sent out an online survey to the Gen3 CSP community to fully assess the communal needs for thermophysical properties measurements of which HTMs and CMs, and what temperature range and other testing environments would be ideal for those materials. Based on the recorded responses, seven unique HTMs and twenty-six unique CMs were identified. Since then the list has been constantly updated, following our interactions and inputs from the Gen3 CSP community, with some new materials substituting their older counterparts. Currently, there are total of ten unique HTMs and twenty-nine unique CMs that are under consideration by the Gen3 CSP community. By analyzing the available body of research to date and combining it with our survey data from within the Gen3 CSP community, this paper presents trends of what people in the CSP world are thinking regarding materials worth investigating and suggests which thermophysical property measurements are critical to advance high-temperature CSP systems.
Effect of Synthesis Protocol in Enhancing Heat Capacity of Molten Salt Nanofluids
Authors: El Far Baha , Rizvi Syed Muhammad Mujtaba , Nayfeh Yousof , Shin Donghyun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Concentrated solar power (CSP) incorporated with thermal energy storage (TES) is an appealing solar energy generation technology. TES stores heat during the daytime and releases it in the nighttime. As a result, CSP can produce continuously even at night. Storing heat by TES makes CSP a unique technology among various renewable energy sources which often suffer from the intermittency of energy supply (e.g., wind turbines without wind, photovoltaics at night, etc.). The energy conversion efficiency of CSP is directly related to the properties of the TES medium. Binary or ternary mixtures of molten salts (Solar Salt) are commonly used as the TES in CSP due to its high-temperature stability. Enhancing the thermophysical properties of the molten salt medium can significantly improve TES performance. Various studies have reported the anomalous specific heat enhancement of molten salt-based nanofluids. However, the underlying mechanism for this enhancement was yet discovered. In this study, the effect of different synthesis conditions on the resultant specific heat capacity of molten salt-based nanofluids was investigated. Several molten salt nanofluids (NaNO3–KNO3 with SiO nanoparticles at 1 wt. % concentration) were prepared at different thermal cycling conditions and their thermal performance was characterized by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC).
Can simulators be applied to improve cataract surgery training: a systematic review
Authors: Ahmed Taha Muneer , Hussain Badrul , Siddiqui M A Rehman 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review of existing literature on simulation-based training of cataract surgery. Available literature was evaluated and projections on how current findings could be applied to cataract surgery training were summarised. The quality of included literature was also assessed.Methods and analysisThe PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles pertaining to simulation training in cataract surgery on 18 November 2019. Selected articles were qualitatively analysed.ResultsA total of 165 articles were identified out of which 10 met inclusion criteria. Four studies reported construct validity of the EyeSi simulator. Six studies demonstrated improved surgical outcomes corresponding to training on the simulator. Quality assessment of included studies was satisfactory.ConclusionCurrent studies on simulation training in cataract surgery all point towards it being an effective training tool with low risk of study biases confounding this conclusion. As technology improves, surgical training must embrace and incorporate simulation technology in training.
Abstract P158: Addressing Hypertension And Aging In Growing Pakistani Elderly San Joaquin Population
Authors: Siddiqui Maha 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
San Joaquin Pakistani elderly population (SJPEP) face health problems due to poor nutritional habits, financial and emotional stress from loss of social status, loss of physical capabilities, loneliness, reduced income which can increase risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pakistan is ranked as the 12th highest source country for immigration into the United States. SJ has a growing rate of at risk for hypertension elderly Pakistani immigrants who live with their full time working adult children.

Objectives:
Trainees conducted hypertension screenings at mosques located in the most medically served county, San Joaquin (SJ) to reduce the risk of CVD and spread awareness on hypertension, stress management, nutrition, exercise, and their implications in the Pakistani population.

Methods:
I trained medically ambitious low-income minority high school students to conduct blood pressure screenings and serve as a health technology coach for the Pakistani elderly population at mosques. Hypertension screenings, stress management guidance, nutrition, and heart health talks were conducted at SJ mosques with Imam (religious leader) for adult children and the elderly.

Findings:

-About 86% (128 of 149) of SJPEP felt financial and emotional stress in the last year
-About 48% (71 of 149) of SJPEP are hypertensive
-About 48% (71 of 149) of SJPEP are at risk for CVD
-About 2% (3 of 149) of SJPEP reported daily physical exercise
-About 22% (33 of 149) of SJPEP were encouraged to physically exercise
-About 95% (141 of 149) of SJPEP eat more than 4 servings of red meat per week
-About 94% (140 of 149) of SJPEP prefer rest over physical exercise
-About 75% (111 of 149) of SJPEP felt dissatisfied by San Joaquin medical treatment

Direct Outcomes:

-Development of self-advocacy for health in the Pakistani elderly community
-Improved patient-provider trust
-Youth learned the value of empathy, multiculturalism, and service to disadvantaged communities through the program and volunteering
-Adult children felt more confident in taking care of their elderly parents with nutrition and physical therapy
-Program students are determined to pursue medicine and address community concerns in low-income minority groups and diversity of cultures
Abstract P188: Building A Pipeline To Address San Joaquin Health Inequity
Authors: Siddiqui Maha 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
San Joaquin Valley (SJV) is the most underserved valley for health care with the lowest ratios of physicians for any region in California. For the last 40 years, SJV continues to face health inequity and disparities with not enough physicians to tend to the community. With a diverse community of low income and minority groups, the lack of physicians do not represent the workforce of SJV. Many of the talented youth who aspire to be physicians from SJV leave to bigger cities rather than coming back to enrich their vulnerable communities.

Objectives:
I created no cost pipeline medical programs (summer program, year long internships and online class) for SJV high school students to increase diversity in the medical profession, encourage underrepresented in medicine (URM) students to pursue medicine and come back to SJV to practice medicine in an effort to lower the patient provider gap.

Methods:
I trained and provided mentorship to medically ambitious low-income high school students in the programs to better understand SJV health inequity to instill a passion in them to come back after their medical education to practice medicine in SJV. Through the program, students learned about SJV health disparities and applied precision medicine to their own health inequity projects in SJV.

Findings:

-About 46% (33 of 72) of program participants were first generation
-About 47% (34 of 72) of program participants identified as URM
-About 65% (47 of 72) of program participants aspire to practice medicine in SJV
-About 83% (60 of 72) of program participants feel that the pipeline program has helped them solidify their passion in medicine
-About 100% (72 of 72) of program participants feel the program gave them guidance in health disparities, precision medicine, and applying design thinking concepts as a future leader in medicine

Direct Outcomes:

-Students were able to understanding community concerns beyond science and apply community activism through a precision medicine lens
-Served as agents of change by directly communicating with physicians and understanding the need for more URM physicians
-Students received mentorship and confidence to rise as first generation college students
-Youth learned the value of service to disadvantaged communities
Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome: A Clinical Update
Authors: Velasco Teonette O. , Leggit Jeffrey C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChronic exertional compartment syndrome is a debilitating condition primarily associated in highly active individuals with an estimated incidence of approximately 1 in 2000 persons/year. The etiology remains unclear to date. The differential diagnosis includes, but is not limited to stress fractures, medial tibial stress syndrome, and popliteal artery entrapment syndrome. Clinical signs and symptoms include pain in the involved compartment with exertion dissipating quickly after activity. Diagnostic tests include intramuscular compartment pressure testing, magnetic resonance imaging, near-infrared spectrometry as well as shear wave electrography. Treatments consist of nonsurgical, surgical, or the combination of the two. Gait retraining and the use of botulinum toxin appear most promising. Diagnostic lidocaine injections are emerging as a prognostic and mapping tool. Minimal invasive surgical options are being utilized allowing quicker return to activity and decreased morbidity. This article reviews the anatomy, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnostics, nonsurgical, and surgical treatments for chronic exertional compartment syndrome.