bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of gait parameters in male and female healthy adults during self-paced treadmill-based walking
Authors: Bahadori Shayan , Immins Tikki , Wainwright Thomas W 
Published: October 2020

Background/aims The purpose of this study was to examine the intra-rater reliability of the Gait Real-time Analysis Interactive Laboratory system during self-paced mode, in repeated gait analysis of healthy individuals. Methods A total of 10 healthy men (age: 35.4 ± 13.3 years; body mass index: 25.2 ± 4.3) and 10 healthy women (age: 41.1 ± 16.4 years; body mass index: 24.5 ± 2.6) were split into two groups according to sex. They walked on a split-belt, self-paced treadmill. Each participant completed two gait assessments separated by an average of 7 ± 3 days. Key gait kinematic, kinetic and spatial-temporal parameters were analysed. The interclass correlation coefficient, standard error of measurement and minimum detectable change were calculated to evaluate the reliability of these gait parameters. Results There was a high repeatability of spatial temporal and excellent repeatability of kinematic and kinetic parameters in both groups. Conclusions The findings suggest that the Gait Real-time Analysis Interactive Laboratory system in self-paced mode is a good instrument to evaluate gait parameters for women as well as men.
Refractive index of air. 2. Group index: comment
Authors: Pollinger Florian 
Published: October 2020

Philip E. Ciddor and Reginald J. Hill published an analytical
expression and a detailed procedure in 1999 on how to compute the
group refractive index of air [Appl. Opt.
38, 1663 (1999).APOPAI0003-693510.1364/AO.38.001663]. The
International Association of Geodesy (IAG) has been referring to this
procedure in its official recommendations for the compensation of the
index of refraction in geodetic observations since then. Equation (B2)
of the published procedure, however, contains a sign error. For proper
application, this error must be corrected accordingly.
Enhancing the Faraday rotation of monolayer black phosphorus by the optical Tamm state at the photonic crystal interface
Authors: Dong Daxing , Liu Youwen , Fu Yangyang 
Published: October 2020

Black phosphorus (BP) is a two-dimensional material with a direct bandgap that exhibits in-plane anisotropy, high charge carrier mobility, and excellent optical properties. It also can demonstrate a strong magneto–optical response under an external magnetic field. In this paper, we present a theoretical study to enhance the Faraday rotation of the monolayer BP by the optical Tamm state at the interface between two photonic crystals. The optical Tamm state can increase the Faraday rotation angle significantly through the localization of the electromagnetic field with high transmittance. When the externally applied magnetic field is 5 T, the gain in the Faraday rotation angle can reach 37.37 dB with a transmittance greater than 65%. The Faraday rotation angle can be adjusted proportionally by the external magnetic field while retaining the high transmittance, and the operating frequency also remains unchanged. In addition, the Faraday rotation angle and operating frequency can be adjusted by changing the carrier density and photonic crystal parameters.
Confocal visible/NIR photoacoustic microscopy of tumors with structural, functional, and nanoprobe contrasts
Authors: Chen Jiangbo , Zhang Yachao , Li Xiaozhen , Zhu Jingyi , Li Dengfeng , Li Shengliang , Lee Chun-Sing , Wang Lidai 
Published: October 2020

Distinguishing early-stage tumors from normal tissues is of great importance in cancer diagnosis. We report fiber-based confocal visible/near-infrared (NIR) optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy that can image tumor microvasculature, oxygen saturation, and nanoprobes in a single scanning. We develop a cost-efficient single laser source that provides 532, 558, and 1064 nm pulsed light with sub-microseconds wavelength switching time. Via dual-fiber illumination, we can focus the three beams to the same point. The optical and acoustic foci are confocally aligned to optimize the sensitivity. The visible and NIR wavelengths enable simultaneous tumor imaging with three different contrast modes. Results show obvious angiogenesis, significantly elevated oxygen saturation, and accumulated nanoparticles in the tumor regions, which offer comprehensive information to detect the tumor. This approach also allows us to identify feeding and draining vessels of the tumor and thus to determine local oxygen extraction fraction. In the tumor region, the oxygen extraction fraction significantly decreases along with tumor growth, which can also assist in tumor detection and staging. Fiber-based confocal visible/NIR photoacoustic microscopy offers a new tool for early detection of cancer.
Web-Scraping Teknikan Oinarritutako Azpiegitura Informatikoak. Xerka Online eta Minerva aplikazioak
Authors: Fernandez-Gauna Borja , Rojo Naiara , Fernandez-Gamiz Unai 
Published: October 2020

Erabiltzailearen zereginak errazten dituzten sistema informatiko ugari erabiltzen dira, bai arlo profesionalean, bai eta arlo pertsonalean ere. Hala ere, kasu batzuetan erabiltzaileen beharren eta sistema informatikoak eskaintzen duenaren arteko distantzia handia da. Artikulu honetan web-scraping teknikarekin sortutako bi azpiegitura informatiko deskribatu dira, jatorrizko beste azpiegitura batzuen funtzionalitatea hobetu dutenak. Alde batetik, Xerka Online aplikazioak ikertzaileen curriculum vitaearen (CVaren) sortze- eta mantentze-lana errazten du, ikertzaileek egin behar izaten duten ataza nagusia modu automatizatuan eginez: argitalpenak bilatu eta haiei dagozkien kalitate-adierazle (eragin-faktore eta aipamen kopuru) eguneratuak ezarri. Minerva aplikazioak, ordea, Vitoria-Gasteizko Ingeniaritza Eskolan egiten diren kalitate-txostenak kudeatzen ditu. Horretarako, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko (UPV/EHUko) GAUR web-aplikaziotik automatikoki jaisten ditu itxitako aktak, jarritako kalifikazioen estatistikak kalkulatzen ditu, eta maila ezberdinetan egiten diren txostenak batzen ditu. Bi aplikazioen abantaila nagusiak lan horiek egiteko behar den denboraren eta giza akatsen murrizpena dira.
IgA Nephropathy in the Setting of Anti-TNF-α Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Strobel Thomas , Ahmed Waseem , De la Sancha Carlo , Bohm Matthew , Fischer Monika 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-inhibiting agents are a standard therapy for moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IgA nephropathy in the setting of prolonged exposure to TNF-α inhibitors is a rare, clinically significant adverse event often overlooked by gastroenterologists but well documented in the rheumatologic literature. We present a case series of 3 patients with IBD on TNF-α inhibitors who developed biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy. Clinicians prescribing TNF-α inhibitors to patients with IBD need to be aware of this potential side effect. Therapies with alternative mechanisms of action should instead be considered.
Effects of Moderate-to-Heavy Sled Training Using Different Magnitudes of Velocity Loss in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Grazioli Rafael , Loturco Irineu , Lopez Pedro , Setuain Igor , Goulart Jean , Veeck Filipe , Inácio Martinho , Izquierdo Mikel , Pinto Ronei S. , Cadore Eduardo L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Grazioli, R, Loturco, I, Lopez, P, Setuain, I, Goulart, J, Veeck, F, Inácio, M, Izquierdo, M, Pinto, RS, and Cadore, EL. Effects of moderate-to-heavy sled training using different magnitudes of velocity loss in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 37(3): 629–635, 2023—This study investigated the effects of a 11-week moderate-to-heavy sled training intervention with different magnitudes of velocity loss on sprint and jump performance, mechanical muscle function, and body composition in professional soccer players. Seventeen players (age 25.8 ± 4.3 years; height 180.0 ± 8.6 cm; mass 77.7 ± 9.7 kg) were randomly allocated into 2 groups, based on different magnitudes of velocity loss: 10% of velocity decrease (G10, n = 8) and 20% of velocity decrease (G20, n = 9). The velocity-based sled training consisted of 20-m resisted sprints with a progressive loading increase from 45 to 65% of body-mass throughout the intervention. Pre-intervention and postintervention sprint and jump performance, hamstring and quadriceps peak torque and isometric rate of torque development, and lower-limb lean mass measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry were assessed and compared. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant time-effect for decreases in 10- and 20-m sprint times (p = 0.018 and p = 0.033, respectively), but without a time-group interaction. The G10 showed greater beneficial effects than G20 for both 10-m (−5.5 ± 3.3%, magnitude-based inference [MBI]: possibly vs. −1.7 ± 5.9%, MBI: possibly trivial) and 20-m (−2.5 ± 2.1%, MBI: possibly vs. −1.4 ± 3.7%, MBI: likely trivial) sprint times. Moreover, there was a significant time effect for countermovement jump height and quadriceps isometric peak torque, which decreased significantly after training (p = 0.019 and p = 0.010, respectively), with no within-group effect of time vs. group interaction for these respective outcomes. The novel velocity-based sled model proposed here, especially under lower magnitudes of velocity loss, was able to significantly improve linear sprint performance in professional soccer players.
Effects of Dynamic Stretching Velocity on Joint Range of Motion, Muscle Strength, and Subjective Fatigue
Authors: Mizuno Takamasa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mizuno, T. Effects of dynamic stretching velocity on joint range of motion, muscle strength, and subjective fatigue. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2440–2447, 2022—The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 2 different dynamic stretching (DS) velocities on joint range of motion (ROM), isometric muscle strength, and subjective fatigue during DS. Fifteen healthy male subjects performed DS at 2 different velocities: maximal active ankle plantar flexion-dorsiflexion velocity (DS100) and 50% of maximal velocity (DS50). A passive dorsiflexion test and isometric maximal voluntary contractions (MVCs) of the ankle plantar flexors and dorsiflexors were performed before and after DS. During the passive dorsiflexion test, ankle ROM and passive torque were measured when the ankle was passively dorsiflexed at 1°·s−1 to its maximal ROM. The DS consisted of 4 sets of 10 ankle plantar flexions/dorsiflexions. For DS100, subjects flexed and extended their ankle as quickly as possible, whereas for DS50 the rhythm of the DS was controlled by a metronome. Subjective fatigue during DS was assessed using a visual analog scale. Maximal ankle ROM and passive torque at the maximal dorsiflexion angle were significantly increased after both DS100 and DS50 (p < 0.05), although there was no significant difference between these trials. The passive torque at submaximal angles and the isometric MVC of the ankle plantar flexors and dorsiflexors were not changed in either condition. However, there was a greater difference in subjective fatigue from prestretching to after 4 sets after DS100 than DS50 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that DS velocity did not influence subsequent joint flexibility. However, DS of moderate speed is recommended because faster DS seems to be associated with greater fatigue.
Determining the One Repetition Maximum in the Ballistic Bench Press Exercise
Authors: Loturco Irineu , McGuigan Michael R. , Suchomel Timothy , Freitas Tomás T. , Rodríguez-Rosell David , Pereira Lucas A. , Pareja-Blanco Fernando 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Loturco, I, McGuigan, MR, Suchomel, T, Freitas, TT, Rodríguez-Rosell, D, Pereira, LA, and Pareja-Blanco, F. Determining the one repetition maximum in the ballistic bench press exercise. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3321–3325, 2020—The purpose of this study was to determine the relative load (% of one repetition maximum [1RM]) at which the concentric action becomes entirely propulsive in the bench press (BP) exercise and verify whether this relative load varies between athletes with different strength levels. Twenty-eight professional athletes (Olympic boxers, professional mixed martial arts fighters, and elite rugby players) performed a progressive loading test up to their 1RM in the BP exercise (BP-1RM). Athletes were ordered according to their relative strength values and equally divided into 2 different groups: “low” (≤1.34) and “high” (≥1.38) strength levels. An independent t-test was used to compare the variables between groups. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. No significant differences were observed between the groups for the mean propulsive velocity attained at 1RM and for the maximum load that required braking action during the execution of the traditional BP exercise (effect size = 0.27 and 0.15, respectively; p > 0.05). Our results revealed that at 80% 1RM the concentric action can already be considered as 100% propulsive in the BP exercise. Importantly, this occurrence was independent of strength level. Therefore, this relative strength measure (i.e., 80% BP-1RM) may be used as a reference for the 1RM in the BP throw.
The Well-Tempered Clinic: The Clinical and Educational Importance of Cardiovascular Surgical Clinics (With a nod to Johann Sebastian Bach)
Authors: Tribble Curt 
Published: October 2020

A common assertion regarding the trajectory of surgeons from training to independent practice is that the first five years after completing training encompass the steepest learning curve of a young surgeon’s career. That assertion is often made in the context of beginning to perform operations independently. However, it is likely that an under-recognized but equally steep learning curve will occur as newly minted surgeons begin to run their own clinics. In fact, it is likely that there is no aspect of surgical training with a greater discrepancy between the educational value for and the interest by surgical trainees than preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up clinics for surgical patients.
Factors Associated with Multiple Hospital Readmissions for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Canori Alexandra , Kumar Amit , Hiremath Shivayogi 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To identify patient-level and clinical factors associated with multiple hospital readmissions in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Design: Retrospective cohort analysis of the publicly available dataset from the SCI Rehabilitation (SCIRehab) study.
Setting: Six rehabilitation centers in the U.S. that participated in the SCIRehab study.
Participants: Individuals with traumatic SCI (N=1371) who were consecutively enrolled in the SCIRehab study.
Outcome measures: The primary outcome was all-cause hospital readmission within 1 year of discharge from a rehabilitation center. The patient-level and clinical factors include employment status, depression, caregiver support, state-funded insurance, functional status, and rehabilitation services.
Results: Of the 1170 participants included in the study, 228 were readmitted once and 120 were readmitted multiple times. In our study, 34.2% and 10.8% were readmitted more than once due to genitourinary and respiratory conditions, respectively. Lower utilization of rehabilitation services, lower functional status, unemployment, and depression were associated with higher odds of being readmitted multiple times within one year of discharge from inpatient rehabilitation facility.
Conclusion: Psychosocial and clinical factors were associated with increased risk for multiple readmissions in individuals with SCI. In order to reduce recurrent readmissions in individuals with SCI, further research is necessary to maximize efficacy of risk factor modification and prevention strategies.
Anatomical indicators of the heart and coronary arteries: An anthropometric study
Authors: Darvishi Marzieh , Moayeri Ardeshir 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Previous studies confirm that there is no anthropometric index of normal Iranian hearts, including diameter of cardiac valve, thickness of myocardial septum and coronary artery variation. The purpose of this study was to assess the anatomical indexes of the human heart and coronary artery in the Iranian population.
Methods: The study was performed with 207 adult human hearts in both sexes (182 male and 25 female), fixed in 10% formaldehyde. Myocardial thickness and diameter of heart valves were measured using a Vernier caliper. Assessments of the coronary artery were carried out after removal of the pericardium.
Results: Analysis of 207 cadaver coronary arteries showed left coronary artery (LCA) dominance type was present in 6.3% of corpus, and balance was present in 4.3% of corpus, while the largest number (89.4%) had right coronary artery (RCA) dominance. The mean values of the morphometric data are as follows: right atrial wall thickness (2.08 +/- 0.04 mm), left atrial wall thickness (2.08 +/- 0.04 mm), interatrial wall thickness (4.92 +/- 0.08 mm), right ventricular wall thickness (3.35 +/- 0.05 mm), left ventricular wall thickness (8.36 +/- 0.13 mm), interventricular wall thickness (12.01 +/- 0.2 mm), diameter of the aorta (23.6 +/- 0.4 mm), diameter of the pulmonary artery (24.94 +/- 0.4 mm), large diameter of the mitral valve (34.16 +/- 0.27 mm), and large diameter of the tricuspid valve (38.8 +/- 0.24 mm).
Conclusion: The anatomical knowledge of cardiac indicators and coronary artery data will be helpful and clinically relevant, especially for cardiac surgeons for coronary artery bypass grafting and coronary arteriography.
Dual Study Programmes as a Design Challenge: Identifying Areas for Improvement as a Starting Point for Interventions
Authors: Mordhorst Lisa , Gössling Bernd 
Published: October 2020

The proportion of freshmen enrolled in dual study programmes has steadily increased in recent years. From the perspective of potential students, these programmes are highly attractive because they combine types of learning that used to be largely separate at an institutional level: vocational and academic learning. In training-integrated dual study programmes, different institutional contexts, governance regimes, teaching styles and learning environments make bridging these two worlds of learning a challenge for both educators and learners. However, these programmes also allow leeway for didactic innovation, through the cooperation of different types of educational institutions and through new ways of using available didactic methods, and for establishing a new relationship between higher education (HE) and vocational education and training (VET). This paper positions training-integrated dual study programmes as an object of design-based research (DBR). By developing and using an extended model for the pedagogic development of HEIs, “pädagogische Hochschulentwicklung” (Brahm, Jenert, & Euler, 2016a, p. 19; Euler, 2013, p. 360), the paper systematically identifies generic educational problems in these hybrids. Based on a literature review, this paper classifies and explains the design challenges at the level of the learning environment, the study programme and the organisation. The challenges revolve mainly around the cooperation and integration of HE and VET. The paper concludes with an outlook on future DBR projects designing dual studies.
Case Studies and their Epistemological Potential in Design-Based Research – A Practice Illustration
Authors: Emmler Tina , Frehe-Halliwell Petra 
Published: October 2020

Researchers in DBR projects create various text products, such as interview transcripts, scientific reports and sometimes a case study[1]. Usually, case studies are only considered to be by-products created during the DBR to give the stakeholders of the project, including university students of vocational education and training, an insight into the development process and the underlying practical challenges. In this context, case studies mainly fulfil a didactic function for the stakeholders. However, we believe that case studies do not only serve as an instrument for communicating project content to others (outside the scientific community), but are a medium for the researchers themselves to ascertain their own learning processes that takes place in the exploration of the field of research.
That way, we are emphasizing a process-orientated perspective on DBR. We assume that the process of creating a case study has an epistemological value on its own. As we will show and try to illustrate with practical examples, creating a case study applies to very different criteria in contrast to creating scientific text products. For instance, the researcher creating a case study has to pay attention to details, the use of language and ways of communication as well as trying to capture the overall atmosphere of the organization, social groups etc. We consider this a ‘creative act’ and see many parallels to Walter Benjamin’s theory of translation[2]: In DBR it is the world of science on the one hand and the field of practice on the other that make a translation necessary: the languages applied in both fields differ, although the people working there might all belong to one and the same nationality which might allow them to communicate with the people from the other “world”. However, this does not mean that researchers understand the practice and the emerging phenomena per se. A translation between the worlds is necessary. For this, the case study is the first step.
We are convinced that this approach opens up a different perspective on the DBR project and focussed research interests. Developing a case study can be helpful for an overall and deep understanding of practice – which is one of the main goals for DBR conducted in the tradition of a paradigm consistent to the humanities.
This (additional) paper aims to illustrate how a case study can derive from the background of a DBR context. We would like to provide insight into the concrete usage of a case study approach in a DBR-project. In order to structure the case study description, we use the criteria of Reetz (1988), a German professional in vocational education training whose ideas on case studies fit to Benjamin’s idea of writing narratives.
Variación de la diversidad y abundancia de especies icticas dominantes en el Delta del Río Magdalena; Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Ramírez Claudia , Rueda Mario 
Published: October 2020

La comunidad íctica del Delta del Río Magdalena, Colombia fue estudiada con el fin de tener un conocimiento de su relación con los hábitats ocupados y generar así información complementaria para programas de evaluación y manejo de recursos pesqueros.Entre 1 995 y 1 996 se hicieron recolectas mensuales de peces usando atarrayas, en la Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM), el Complejo Pajarales (CP) y el Complejo Salamanca Occidental (CSO). 36 especies utilizan la CGSM, 24 el CP y 42 el CSO, siendo 1 1 especies comunes en las tres áreas.La abundancia y la captura por unidad de esfuerzo fueron mayores en época lluviosa, cuando la disponibilidad de alimento fue mayor. La diversidad varió a lo largo del período de estudio y fue mayor en CSO donde las condiciones ambientales fueron mejores. La geomorfología del Delta y las condiciones ambientales generan que las especies utilicen los hábitats en forma diferente. Se determinó que las especies dominantes han adaptado su ciclo de vida a un patrón anual de salinidad cambiante para cumplir funciones de reproducción, crianza y alimentación.