bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of the human oxytocin receptor
Authors: Waltenspühl Yann , Schöppe Jendrik , Ehrenmann Janosch , Kummer Lutz , Plückthun Andreas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe peptide hormone oxytocin modulates socioemotional behaviour and sexual reproduction via the centrally expressed oxytocin receptor (OTR) across several species. Here, we report the crystal structure of human OTR in complex with retosiban, a non-peptide antagonist developed as an oral drug for the prevention of preterm labour. Our structure reveals insights into the detailed interactions between the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and an OTR-selective antagonist. The observation of an extrahelical cholesterol molecule, binding in an unexpected location between helix IV and V, provides a structural rationale for its allosteric effect and critical influence on OTR function. Furthermore, our structure in combination with experimental data allows the identification of a conserved neurohypophyseal receptor-specific coordination site for Mg2+that acts as potent positive allosteric modulator for agonist binding. Together these results further our molecular understanding of the oxytocin/vasopressin receptor family and will facilitate structure-guided development of new therapeutics.
The crystal structure of hemed1biosynthesis-associated small c-type cytochrome NirC reveals mixed oligomeric statesin crystallo
Authors: Klünemann Thomas , Henke Steffi , Blankenfeldt Wulf 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMonoheme c-type cytochromes are important electron transporters in all domains of life. They possess a common fold hallmarked by three α-helices that surround a covalently attached heme. An intriguing feature of many monoheme c-type cytochromes is their capacity to form oligomers by exchanging at least one of their α-helices, which is often referred to as 3D domain swapping. Here, we have determined the crystal structure of NirC, a c-type cytochrome co-encoded with other proteins involved in nitrite reduction by the opportunistic pathogenPseudomonas aeruginosa. Crystals diffracted anisotropically to a maximum resolution of 2.12 Å (spherical resolution 2.83 Å) and initial phases were obtained by Fe-SAD phasing, revealing the presence of eleven NirC chains in the asymmetric unit. Surprisingly, these protomers arrange into one monomer and two different types of 3D-domain-swapped dimers, one showing pronounced asymmetry. While the simultaneous observation of monomers and dimers probably reflects the interplay between high protein concentration required for crystallization and the structural plasticity of monoheme c-type cytochromes, the identification of conserved structural motifs in the monomer together with a comparison to similar proteins may offer new leads to unravel the unknown function of NirC.SynopsisThe crystal structure of the c-type cytochrome NirC fromPseudomonas aeruginosahas been determined and reveals the simultaneous presence of monomers and 3D-domain-swapped dimers in the same asymmetric unit.
Specific features and assembly of the plant mitochondrial complex I revealed by cryo-EM
Authors: Soufari Heddy , Parrot Camila , Kuhn Lauriane , Waltz Florent , Hashem Yaser 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMitochondria are the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells and the site of essential metabolic reactions. Their main purpose is to maintain the high ATP/ADP ratio that is required to fuel the countless biochemical reactions taking place in eukaryotic cells1. This high ATP/ADP ratio is maintained through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Complex I or NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase is the main entry site for electrons into the mitochondrial respiratory chain and constitutes the largest of the respiratory complexes2. Its structure and composition varies across eukaryotes species. However, high resolution structures are available only for one group of eukaryotes, opisthokonts3–6. In plants, only biochemical studies were carried out, already hinting the peculiar composition of complex I in the green lineage. Here, we report several cryo-electron microscopy structures of the plant mitochondrial complex I at near-atomic resolution. We describe the structure and composition of the plant complex I including the plant-specific additional domain composed by carbonic anhydrase proteins. We show that the carbonic anhydrase is an heterotrimeric complex with only one conserved active site. This domain is crucial for the overall stability of complex I as well as a peculiar lipid complex composed cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositols. Moreover we also describe the structure of one of the plant-specific complex I assembly intermediate, lacking the whole PDmodule, in presence of the maturation factor GLDH. GLDH prevents the binding of the plant specific P1 protein, responsible for the linkage of the PPto the PDmodule. Finally, as the carbonic anhydrase domain is likely to be associated with complex I from numerous other known eukaryotes, we propose that our structure unveils an ancestral-like organization of mitochondrial complex I.
Planar cell polarity in the larval epidermis ofDrosophilaand the role of microtubules
Authors: Pietra Stefano , Ng KangBo , Lawrence Peter A. , Casal José 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTWe investigate the mechanisms of planar cell polarity (PCP) in theDrosophilalarva. The epidermis displays an intricate pattern of polarity and is excellent for the study of one system of PCP, the Dachsous/Fat system; partly because the Starry Night/Frizzled system plays no discernable role in the larva. Measurements of the amount of Dachsous reveal a peak near the rear of the anterior compartment. Localisation of Dachs and orientation of ectopic denticles reveal the polarity of every cell in the segment. We discuss how well these findings evidence our gradient model of Dachsous activity. Several groups have proposed that Dachsous and Fat fix the direction of PCP via oriented microtubules that transport PCP proteins to one side of the cell. We test this proposition in the larval cells and find that most microtubules grow perpendicularly to the axis of PCP. We find no meaningful bias in the polarity of those microtubules aligned close to that axis. We also reexamine published data from the pupal abdomen and fail to find evidence supporting the hypothesis that microtubular orientation draws the arrow of PCP.
“Un-hiding” knowledge in organizations: the role of climate for innovation, social exchange and social identification
Authors: Sukumaran Rahul , Lanke Parijat 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
Knowledge hiding is a phenomenon in organizations that is commonly observed to be detrimental to the performance of employees. The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework, which uses social exchange theory and social identity theory to advance an understanding of how climate for innovation can dampen the negative impact of knowledge hiding on performance.

Design/methodology/approach
We have reviewed papers on the concept of knowledge hiding, social identity theory, social exchange theory as well as the literature on climate for innovation, in order to draw the relationships and propose a framework.

Findings
Based on the papers reviewed, this study conceptually advances the understanding that an organizational factor such as “climate for innovation” would prove beneficial to check and reduce knowledge hiding behavior i.e. unhide the knowledge and subsequently improve performance of employees in organizations.

Practical implications
This study proposes climate for innovation, as a factor that would influence the negative impact of knowledge hiding on performance. It is under the control of the managers to create such environment in their teams and the work settings, which would help un-hide the knowledge, and thereby promoting performance at workplace.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature on knowledge hiding as well as the climate for innovation. This is the first work to propose an interaction of climate of innovation with knowledge hiding behavior and their overall impact on performance. The framework is explained in a simple term, to bridge the gap between academics and practitioner world.
POSH: can the lady captain shine and rise?
Authors: Ng Yin Kuan , Lai Ka Fei , Fong Chee Yang , Kuek Thiam Yong , Tan Peter Sin Howe , Maludin Nurliyana 
Published: February 2020

Learning outcomes
At the end of the exercise, students will be able to identify the type of entrepreneur, apply Big Five Personality Traits characteristics of the successful entrepreneur, use the Porter five forces to define the company’s attractiveness, describe David’s three-stage framework, use David’s (2015) strategy formulation framework to propose appropriate strategies for a company, explain the interdependencies of the nine key elements of a business model and create the business model canvas.

Case overview/synopsis
The case focuses on Posh Nail Beauty (POSH), one of the leading manicure and pedicure companies in Malaysia. The case concentrates on the discussion of business development, business strategies and challenges of POSH.

Complexity academic level
The case study is suitable to be used by undergraduate students who are taking the courses such as entrepreneurship, business strategy and marketing related courses.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Pearce and Robinson (2013). Strategic management: Planning for domestic & global competition, (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill/Irwin, New York. • Posh Nail Spa. (2017), available at www.poshnailspa.my/ • Posh! Nail Spa Presents The First Nail Art Fashion Show in Malaysia. (2016), available at http://femalemag.com.my/beauty/posh-nail-spa-presents-first-nail-art-fashion-show-malaysia/ • Scarborough and Cornwall (2015). Entrepreneurship and effective small business management, (11th ed.). Pearson, England. • Siaw (2015). “How to nail it: Plus the do’s and don’ts,” The Star, Malaysia. • This Local Nail Salon Is Going Beyond Mere Manicures. (2017), available at http://marieclaire.com.my/beauty/local-nail-salon-posh-nail-spa/ • Torlak and Şanal (2007). David’s strategy formulation framework in action: the example of Turkish Airlines on domestic air transportation. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(12), 81-114. • David (2011). Strategic management (Concepts and cases)(Global Edition 13e). Pearson, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

Subject code
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Measuring the continuous quality improvement orientation of medical education programs
Authors: Blouin Danielle , Smith Everett V. 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThere is a growing interest in applying continuous quality improvement (CQI) methodologies and tools to medical education contexts. One such tool, the “Are We Making Progress” questionnaire from the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award framework, adequately captures the dimensions critical for performance excellence and allows organizations to assess their performance and identify areas for improvement. Its results have been widely validated in business, education, and health care and might be applicable in medical education contexts. The measurement properties of the questionnaire data were analyzed using Rasch modeling to determine if validity evidence, based on Messick's framework, supports the interpretation of results in medical education contexts. Rasch modeling was performed since the questionnaire uses Likert-type scales whose estimates might not be amenable to parametric statistical analyses.Design/methodology/approachLeaders and teachers at 16 of the 17 Canadian medical schools were invited in 2015–2016 to complete the 40-item questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the ConQuest Rasch calibration program, rating scale model.Findings491 faculty members from 11 (69 percent) schools participated. A seven-dimensional, four-point response scale model better fit the data. Overall data fit to model requirements supported the use of person measures with parametric statistics. The structural, content, generalizability, and substantive validity evidence supported the interpretation of results in medical education contexts.Originality/valueFor the first time, the Baldrige questionnaire results were validated in medical education contexts. Medical education leaders are encouraged to serially use this questionnaire to measure progress on their school's CQI focus.
Value creation through expanding the online distribution channel
Authors: Wiengarten Frank , Lam Hugo K.S. , Fan Di 
Published: February 2020

PurposeCurrent literature provides limited insights into the supply chain contexts within which e-commerce can create higher value for firms. To address this literature gap, this research explores the value potential, and thus value creation process, of e-commerce initiatives for supply chain distribution channel expansions.Design/methodology/approachUsing secondary data collected from multiple sources, this research conducted an event study to examine the stock market reactions to the announcements of e-commerce initiatives of Chinese firms.FindingsThe results indicate that the e-commerce initiatives increase average firm value by CNY 295.29 million in a three-day window around the initiative's announcement date. Moreover, we find that such stock market reactions are more positive for firms with poor operating performance, and more negative when firms deploy initiatives on their own (rather than third-party) platforms. Further, companies that integrate or complement their online sales with an offline sales channel experience more positive stock market reactions.Originality/valueThis study provides new insights into the value creation process of e-commerce from an operation and supply chain process perspective.
Inducing individuals to engage in a gamified platform for environmental conservation
Authors: Du Helen S. , Ke Xiaobo , Wagner Christian 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis research draws on goal framing theory and gamification affordance to understand how gamification design encourages users' continuous usage of information systems (IS) to perform proenvironmental behaviors.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data (N = 307) were collected from users of a gamified IS designed for environmental protection. The research model was examined with structural equation modeling.FindingsSatisfying users' demand on green effectiveness, enjoyment, and social gain directly/indirectly predicts users' intention to continue to utilize the gamified IS for proenvironmental behaviors. Moreover, gamification affordance of autonomy support, visibility of achievement, competition, and interactivity influences the satisfaction of the users' relevant demands.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the IS research for environmental sustainability at the individual level. Specifically, this research extends the understanding of users' decision-making on continuance and the role of gamification design in the context of gamified IS developed for environmental conservation.
A strengths-based approach and safeguarding adults – are they compatible?
Authors: Morgan Pete 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to stimulate discussion.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is a personal reflection and is not a research paper; there is not therefore a design or methodology that was used in its writing.

Findings
While it may initially appear that a strength-based approach is incompatible with safeguarding adults, it can be a valuable long-term tool in supporting adults who have been abused or self-neglected.

Research limitations/implications
The piece is a personal reflection and therefore not based on research but it does highlight the need for further research to develop tools to facilitate the interface between safeguarding and a strengths-based approach.

Practical implications
The need to recognise when a strengths-based approach is and is not appropriate in safeguarding adults.

Originality/value
The author is not aware of a similar consideration of the interface between safeguarding adults practice and a strengths-based approach.
Development and effectiveness assessment of a sex education learning unit for Thai primary students
Authors: Chaiwongroj Chanonya , Buaraphan Khajornsak 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis study explored the effectiveness of sex education lessons developed for six graders by the local community and experts.Design/methodology/approachThree lesson plans were developed based on a focus group discussion with students, parents, and teachers and then revised based on experts' feedback. The finalized three lessons were taught to 102 sixth graders in three different primary schools. Pre-test and post-test the students' sex education understanding was measured, and a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to measure overall sexual attitude and awareness. The participants engaged in a semi-structured interview after each lesson, supplemented with researchers' notes. Descriptive statistics and t-tests, and the comparative method were used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data, respectively.FindingsThe sex education knowledge of participants at the three schools improved significantly (p < 0.01) after completing the learning units. Students also expressed satisfaction with the media, activities, and discussions during these sex education classes. The created learning units improved students' sexual attitude and awareness.Research limitations/implicationsFurther long-term follow-up studies are needed to determine if there is retention of knowledge, attitudes, and awareness.Practical implicationsThere should be more sex education programs at the earlier primary school level, especially in risky regions. Compulsory sex education curriculum in primary schools needs to be adjusted for each school by using a constructivist approach.Originality/valueThis study is unique because it was designed to better fit a specific school’s context and the contents were adapted to be taught by a teacher with minimal training required.
Does VAIC affect the profitability and value of real estate and infrastructure firms in India? A panel data investigation
Authors: Singla Harish Kumar 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate whether intellectual capital (IC) and its subcomponents enhance value and improve the profitability of real estate (RE) and infrastructure (INF) firms in India. In this study, IC is measured through the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) model. The study further extends the VAIC model by incorporating an additional component of social welfare efficiency (SWE).Design/methodology/approachThe study uses the panel data investigation based on the data of 63 firms (22 RE and 41 INF firms), for a period of 10 years (2008–2017). The dependent variables in the study are return on assets (ROA) and market price to book value ratio (PB), whereas the independent variables are VAIC and its components. The panel is tested for stationarity, heteroscedasticity and multicollinearity problems. Finally, to account for heteroscedasticity and endogeneity, Arellano and Bond's (1991) panel regression estimator with robust estimates are used.FindingsThe findings of the study suggest that IC has a significant influence on the profitability and value of infra firms, whereas capital-employed efficiency (CEE) positively affects the profitability of both RE and INF firms.Originality/valueThe study is an attempt to find the effect of IC and its components on profitability and value of RE and INF firms in India. The author has also extended the VAIC model, which was introduced by Pulic (2000), by adding an additional IC component, i.e. SWE. The study uses Arellano and Bond's (1991) panel regression estimator with robust estimates, which helps produce robust results.
Drivers and barriers of permission-based marketing
Authors: Bhatia Vinita 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the motivating and dissuading factors, which develop consumers’ attitude towards permission based marketing.

Design/methodology/approach
A conceptual model is proposed and validated by following the various studies on mobile and email marketing. A survey of 325 respondents was conducted in the Mumbai city, out of which 271 survey questionnaires were deemed fit for analysis, representing 83.38 per cent response rate. The researcher has used structural equation modelling to test the causal relationships among the constructs.

Findings
The results of the study indicate that increase in personal relevant messages, perceived monetary incentives and perceived entertainment increases consumers’ attitude towards permission based marketing, whereas increase in perceived registration effort decreases consumers’ attitude towards permission based marketing. Furthermore, contrary to the existing literature, perceived consumer empowerment, perceived intrusiveness and perceived privacy issues have no significant relationship with the attitude towards permission marketing. The findings are based on a particular region in India, so it may be different from previous studies.

Research limitations/implications
The study uses a self-reported measure to collect the data through email, and a printed copy of the questionnaire was circulated. Also, the method of sample selection was not random. These two aspects could limit the generalizability of the results.

Practical implications
The research can assist the companies going for promotions through mobile and internet. It provides important findings, which can help them to formulate better promotional strategies.

Originality/value
Fewer research studies have been done to examine the motivating and dissuading factors developing consumers’ attitude towards permission based marketing, therefore, the present research is conducted. After intensely reviewing the available literature, the factors were carefully chosen.
The effect of CEO friendship and perceived pay equity on the earnings management behavior of business-unit managers
Authors: Gouldman Andrea , Victoravich Lisa 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the possibility of adverse consequences regarding the recently enacted Dodd–Frank Act (DFA) pay-equity disclosure requirement in the USA, which will likely lead to lower levels of perceived Chief Executive Officer (CEO) pay fairness by subordinates. Specifically, the study examines whether the pay-equity disclosure leads to increased earnings management when business-unit managers have friendship ties with the CEO.Design/methodology/approachAn experiment is conducted wherein participants assume the role of a business-unit manager and are asked to provide an estimate for future warranty expense, which is used as a proxy for earnings management. The study manipulates friendship between the CEO and a business-unit manager and the saliency of CEO compensation pay-equity.FindingsCEO friendship ties, which are associated with lower levels of social distance, result in less earning management in the absence of the DFA CEO pay-equity ratio disclosure. However, CEO friendship may result in negative repercussions in terms of higher earnings management in the post-DFA environment when managers are provided with the pay-equity disclosure.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research may expand this study by examining how the adverse consequences of the CEO compensation saliency disclosure can be mitigated.Practical implicationsManagement, audit committees and internal auditors should consider the possibility of unintended consequences of the increased transparency of CEO pay-equity while designing management control systems.Social implicationsThis study highlights the importance of understanding how employees’ social relationships with leaders may influence their behavior.Originality/valueUnlike prior research, which focuses on senior executives’ direct incentives to manipulate earnings and subsequently increase their compensation, this study provides evidence regarding the earnings management behavior of business-unit managers.