bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probability analysis of sequential SCFE (PASS score)
Authors: Danino Baruch , Singh Satbir , Shi Junxin , Yang Jingzhen , Samora Walter P. , Iobst Christopher A. , Klingele Kevin E. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose The study aimed to develop a scoring system based on clinical and radiological findings to predict the risk of a sequential slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Methods Paediatric patients with unilateral SCFE and at least two years of radiographic follow-up were screened for inclusion. Medical records were reviewed for multiple variables including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), stability of SCFE, and time to sequential presentation. Radiographic analysis included triradiate physeal status, Risser staging, superior epiphyseal extension ratio (EER), posterior epiphyseal angle (PEA), posterior sloping angle (PSA) and slip severity. Results In total, 163 patients (88 male, 54%, 75 female, 46%) met inclusion criteria. Of those, 65 (40%) with a mean age of 11.9 ± 1.3 years developed sequential SCFE at a mean of 9.8 ± 6.4 months after the initial slip. Eight independent variables were statistically different (p < 0.05) between unilateral and sequential groups. Following multivariate analysis, Risser stage and triradiate status were no longer significant and did not influence the strength of the final model (overall area under the curve (AUC) = 0.954) and were consequently excluded. We developed the PASS score using three radiographic parameters using chosen cut-off values that were close to their maximized value and weighted the point value assigned to each parameter based on the strength of predictor. Conclusion A PASS score of three or higher predicts a high probability of sequential SCFE with 95% confidence and may warrant prophylactic screw fixation. PASS score calculation can be used to predict a sequential SCFE and provide an objective method to determine the utility prophylactic screw fixation. Level of Evidence II
Cemented prosthesis as spacer for two-stage revision of infected hip prostheses: a similar infection remission rate and a lower complication rate
Authors: Zhang Wenming , Fang Xinyu , Shi Tengbin , Cai Yuanqing , Huang Zida , Zhang Chaofan , Lin Jianhua , Li Wenbo 
Published: August 2020

Aims To explore the effect of different types of articulating antibiotic-loaded cement spacers in two-stage revision for chronic hip prosthetic joint infection (PJI). Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed involving 36 chronic PJI patients treated with different types of articulating antibiotic-loaded cement spacers between January 2014 and December 2017. The incidence of complications and the therapeutic effects of different types of antibiotic-loaded articulating cement spacers were compared. Results A total of 36 patients with chronic hip PJI were included. Of these, 13 patients were treated with spacers with Kirschner wires as an endoskeleton (group I), ten patients were treated with spacers with a cemented femoral prosthesis as an endoskeleton (group II), and 13 patients were treated with cemented femoral prostheses combined with polyethylene sockets as a spacer (group III). All patients were followed for 12 to 60 months, with a mean follow-up period of 26.44 months (SEM 14.09). Infection was controlled in 34 patients (94.44%), and there were no significant differences in the eradication rate among the three groups (p = 0.705), but the risk of complications related to the spacer in group III was significantly lower than that in groups I and II (p = 0.006). Conclusion Articulating antibiotic-loaded cement spacers is effective in the treatment of chronic hip PJI, but we must pay attention to the occurrence of spacer fracture and dislocation, which can lead to poor joint function. The risk of spacer-related mechanical complications is low, and better joint function can be achieved when using cemented femoral prostheses combined with polyethylene sockets as spacers. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(8):484–492.
Magnetoplasmon-surface phonon polaritons’ coupling effects in radiative heat transfer
Authors: He Mingjian , Qi Hong , Ren Yatao , Zhao Yijun , Antezza Mauro 
Published: August 2020

In this work, the coupling of magnetoplasmon polaritons (MPP) to surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) in near-field radiative heat transfer is theoretically investigated. The system is composed of two parallel graphene-coated

S
i
O

2

substrates. By applying an external magnetic field, the separated branches of MPPs can couple with SPhPs to form tunable modes. The behavior remolds the energy transport of the system. The relative thermal magnetoresistance ratio can reach values of up to 160% for a magnetic field of 8 T. In addition, the thermal stealthy for the coated graphene is realized by tuning the intensity of fields. This work has substantial importance to graphene-based magneto-optical devices.
Methodisches Vorgehen in der benutzerorientierten Produktentwicklung - Entwicklung von Produkten und Umgebungen für Menschen mit Kompetenzeinschränkungen
Authors: Geißler Linda 
Published: August 2020

Im USEability LAB am IHD werden Forschungsthemen mit unterschiedlichen Fragestellungen aus dem Bereich der Produktentwicklung und der Gestaltung von (Wohn-) Räumen für Senioren und Menschen mit Kompetenzeinschränkungen. Bei der Ermittlung der Anforderungen an die zu gestaltenden Produkte und Umgebungen steht der Benutzer mit seinen individuellen Eigenschaften jederzeit im Fokus. In der Produktentwicklung, insbesondere der Softwareentwicklung, gibt es bereits eine Vielzahl von Methoden zur Analyse der Benutzeranforderungen und zur Überprüfung der Produktlösungen aus der Benutzersicht. Doch für die Arbeit, in der ein komplexes System aus Benutzer(n), Objekten und der räumlichen Umgebung betrachtet werden muss, eignen sich bisherige Methoden nur im Ansatz. Begleitend in verschiedenen Forschungsprojekten wurde ein eigenes methodisches Vorgehen zur Anforderungsanalyse entwickelt, wobei verschiedene bestehende Methoden kombiniert und erweitert wurden. Die DIN EN ISO 9241-210 bietet eine Grundlage, die sich als sehr geeignet für die Übertragung auf die in Projekten des USEability LABs auftretende Fragestellungen erwiesen hat. In der benutzerorientierten Produktentwicklung steht der Mensch mit seinen Eigenschaften, Fähigkeiten, Zielen und Bedürfnissen bezüglich eines zu entwickelnden Produktes oder einer Umgebung im Vordergrund. Ein Schwerpunkt der Arbeit im USEability LAB am IHD sind Produkte und Umgebungen für Menschen mit Kompetenzeinschränkungen. Menschen, die mit einer sensorischen, motorischen und/oder kognitiven Einschränkung leben, haben besondere Anforderungen an ihre Umwelt. Sie verfügen oftmals aufgrund ihres Handicaps über eine verminderte Anpassungsleistung und sind daher stärker darauf angewiesen, dass sich ihre Umgebung an sie anpasst. Zudem sind die Art und die Ausprägung der Einschränkungen sehr verschieden, was dazu führt, dass es ein pauschales „barrierefrei“ oder „behindertengerecht“ nicht geben kann.
In diesem Beitrag wird das methodische Vorgehen vorgestellt, das es ermöglicht, einen Perspektivwechsel zu vollziehen und die Anforderungen an ein zu entwickelndes Produkt oder eine zu gestaltende Umgebung aus Sicht der Benutzer zu ermitteln.
Timing and Navigation in UAVs
Authors: Hünerbein Karen von , Lange Werner R 
Published: August 2020

Precise timing and precise location information are provided by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and play a crucial role in the positioning, navigation and data acquisition of most Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). GNSS functions include the following applications in UAVs: time-stamping and geo-referencing of collected data and images, synchronization of swarm flying and follow-me flights, determination of position and attitude in-flight, flight trajectory by following a pre-defined number of waypoints, mission planning, return home automatically without external control, avoidance of obstacles and geo-fencing.
Some of these critical operations have implications for the safety of the UAV, the surrounding environment and health and safety of people, for example UAVs threatening to bring down aircrafts at airports, which are no-fly zones for UAVs. The appropriate GNSS based function to avoid this is geo-fencing. Another example is obstacle avoidance to prevent collisions and damages both for the UAV and the obstacle, e.g. anything from a window pane, tree, human being, to a power line.
In order to ensure health and safety it is thus important to ensure correct function of the navigation and the timing, under a wide variety of circumstances, and in different signal environments. There can be signal disturbances, such as obscurations by buildings or reflected GNSS signals, called multipath. The performance of timing and navigation based on GPS/GNSS can be tested and verified in a controlled and repeatable way in the laboratory with different types of test equipment. We will give an introduction to a wide range of potential threats to GNSS Positioning, navigation and timing and an overview of different test methods. In addition, we are presenting a method for time synchronization of drones to enable safe swarm and follow flights in UAVs.
A New Suction-Controlled True Triaxial Apparatus for Unsaturated Soil Testing
Authors: Zheng Fang , Shao Shengjun , Wang Yongxin , Shao Shuai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A new suction-controlled true triaxial apparatus was developed to investigate unsaturated soil behavior under multiaxial stress paths that are not readily achievable in a cylindrical cell. This apparatus is a mixed-boundary type device with a rigid-flexible-flexible boundary that can apply three principal stresses to a cubic specimen via two rigid platens along the vertical direction and four flexible hydraulic bags on the sides. The apparatus was modified based on a previous true triaxial apparatus designed at Xi’an University of Technology, with the addition of four division strips to avoid loading boundary interference. The new apparatus is capable of testing specimens with dimensions of 7 by 7 by 14 cm. The present apparatus was equipped with an independent pore-air pressure control system and pore-water pressure measurement system. Based on the axis-translation technique, a 5-bar high air entry value ceramic disk is seated on the pedestal, and a matric suction state was achieved that remains constant throughout the laboratory tests. Hence, this true triaxial apparatus can be used to conduct suction-controlled experiments. The suitability of this device was validated via two sets of three repeated trial tests and several sets of trial tests performed with remolded loess for different intermediate principal stress parameters under 50, 100, and 200 kPa matric suction values and different net mean pressure conditions. The results presented the stress-strain characteristics and failure loci of remolded loess.
Fiber Bragg Grating–Based Flume Test to Study the Initiation of Landslide-Debris Flows Induced by Concentrated Runoff
Authors: Li Hao-Jie , Zhu Hong-Hu , Li Yuan-Hai , Hu Wei , Shi Bin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In order to explore the initiation of landslide-debris flow caused by concentrated runoff, a flume test has been performed on soil samples taken from a debris flow site in Wenchuan earthquake area. The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) technology was used to measure the strain distribution information in the slope mass during erosion. Several hydrological sensors for monitoring pore water pressure and soil moisture were used to investigate their correlation with internal strain field. The test results show that the fiber optic sensing technique exhibited high sensitivity and precision in monitoring the slope deformation. The development of pore water pressures and soil moistures showed reasonable consistency with the dynamics of an infiltration. According to the strain measurements, there were four evolution stages during the initiation of landslide-debris induced by runoff, i.e., the water absorption stage, the deformation stage, the shear zone formation stage, and the fluidization stage. The results provide an improved insight into the mechanism of debris flow initiation and indicate the enormous potential of the FBG sensing technology in establishing an effective early warning system for landslides and debris flows.
Efectivity Evaluation among Dengue Control Programs in Semarang City, Indonesia
Authors: Maharsi Sri , Handayani Oktia Woro Kasmini , Wijayanti Yuni 
Published: August 2020

Increased dengue cases occur throughout Southeast Asia. Semarang Health Office held programs to control dengue,which are Rainfall monitoring,Routine Mosquito Larvae Monitoring Program, One House One Larvae Observer Movement, And Students look For Mosquito Larvae Movement. To assess whether the programs reducing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever caseswere effective. The method used were correlation analysis. Data obtained from every region in Semarang and reported to Semarang Health Office. Average Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever case was 79.5±13.69. Correlationtest results between dengue cases with rainfall was r=0.951;p=0.049, Larvae Absence Rate from Routine Mosquito Larvae Monitoring Program was r=0.648;p=0.352, with Larvae Absence Rate from One House One Larvae Observer Movement was r=0.804;p=0.196, with Larvae Absence Rate from Students Search For Mosquito Larvae Movement was r=0.961;p=0.039. Correlation between rainfall and Larvae Absence Rate from Students Search For Mosquito Larvae Movement with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever case were significant and had positive strong correlation,correlation test results of Larvae Absence Rate from Routine Mosquito Larvae Program and One House One Larvae Observer Movement had strong correlation but were not significant.
Reoperációs algoritmus és célvezérelt haemostasisterápia együttes, sikeres alkalmazása súlyos szívsebészeti vérzés kezelésében
Authors: Gombocz Károly , Beledi Ágnes , Botos Ferenc , Wrana Győző , Feiler Erzsébet , Csécs Roland , Rácz Zsombor , Rashed Aref 
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:
Bevezetés: A szívműtéteket követő súlyos vérzés és transzfúzió
jelentősen növeli a szövődményrátát és a mortalitást. A vérző beteg hatékony
kezelésének feltétele a ’sebészi’ és a coagulopathiás vérzés korai
diagnosztikája. Rotációs thromboelastometria alkalmazása segíthet a reoperáció
indikációjának felállításában, és célvezérelt haemostasisterápiával csökkentheti
a vérveszteséget, a transzfúziót és a költségeket. Célkitűzés:
Korábbi betegeink vérzéses adataiból származtatott intézeti vérzéses-reoperációs
protokoll kidolgozását és a módszer hatékonyságának vizsgálatát tűztük ki célul.
Módszer: Az osztályunkon korábban operált 1011 beteg
(kontrollcsoport) adataiból a coagulopathiás és a ’sebészi’ vérzés
megkülönböztetésére statisztikai algoritmust hoztunk létre. Vérzéses-reoperációs
protokollunkban az algoritmust viszkoelasztikus koagulációs teszttel és
rizikóbesorolással együttesen alkalmaztuk. Egymást követő 112 operált
betegünknél megvizsgáltuk a reoperációk gyakoriságát, indikációit, valamint a
protokollnak a transzfúziókra és a direkt költségekre kifejtett hatását, korábbi
gyakorlatunkkal összehasonlítva. Eredmények: A vérzés miatt
végzett reoperáció gyakorisága nem különbözött a vizsgált és a kontrollcsoport
között (6,2% vs. 5,4%; p = 0,584). A reoperált betegeknél a
vérzés-protokollcsoportban coagulopathiás vérzés önmagában nem, míg a
kontrollcsoportban 12,7%-ban fordult elő. A vérzéses-reoperációs protokoll
alkalmazása mellett csökkent a vérzés (p = 0,026), több betegnél alkalmaztunk
fibrinogént (p<0,001), protrombinkomplex-koncentrátumot (p<0,001),
tranexámsavat (p<0,001); a vörösvérsejt-transzfúziók száma 30%-kal csökkent
(1,7 ± 2,6 E vs. 2,3 ± 3,3 E; p = 0,012); a friss fagyasztott plazma vagy
thrombocytatranszfúziók esetén a különbség nem volt szignifikáns. A módszer
alkalmazásával betegenként –20 333 Ft, aktivitásalapú költséggel számolva
–38 200 Ft költségmegtakarítást értünk el. Következtetés:
Vérzéses-reoperációs protokollunk alkalmazásával csak ’sebészi’ vérzés miatt
végeztünk reoperációt, több esetben alkalmaztunk faktorkészítményt,
antifibrinolitikumot, csökkent a vérveszteség, a vörvösvérsejt-transzfúziók
száma, és költségmegtakarítást értünk el. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(34):
1414–1422.
Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) IRIS Station Toolbox
Authors: Bahavar Manochehr , Spica Zack J. , Sánchez-Sesma Francisco J. , Trabant Chad , Zandieh Arash , Toro Gabriel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) for seismic ambient noise is a popular method that can be used to estimate the predominant frequency at a given site. In this article, we introduce the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Management Center’s (DMC’s) openly available HVSR station toolbox. These tools offer a variety of ways to compute the spectral ratio by providing different averaging routines. The options range from the simple average of spectral ratios to the ratio of spectral averages. Computations take advantage of the available power spectral density estimates of ambient noise for the seismic stations, and they can be used to estimate the predominant frequency of the many three-component seismic stations available from the IRIS DMC. Furthermore, to facilitate the identification of the peaks in HVSR profiles for the assessment of the predominant frequency of station sites, the toolbox can also process the results of HVSR analysis to detect and rank HVSR peaks. To highlight the toolbox capabilities, three different examples of possible use of this toolbox for routine site-effect analysis are discussed: (1) site effects related to thawing in Arctic regions, (2) ground-motion amplification in urban area, and (3) estimation of station VS30.
Comparison between Distributed Acoustic Sensing and Geophones: Downhole Microseismic Monitoring of the FORGE Geothermal Experiment
Authors: Lellouch Ariel , Lindsey Nathaniel J. , Ellsworth William L. , Biondi Biondo L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe compare the performance of a downhole distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) fiber-optic array with that of conventional geophones. The downhole collocated arrays are part of the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) geothermal experiment, in which stimulation of the rock volume in an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) causes microseismic events. The DAS acquisition system yields data sampled at every 1 m at 2000 samples per second for the entire length of the well, spanning to a depth of 985 m from the surface. Whereas single DAS channels are substantially noisier than geophones at the same location, their large number and spatial coherency allow for the application of effective array processing techniques. We follow a complete workflow for the fiber-optic array: velocity model building, event detection, event location, and magnitude estimation. Estimated velocity models agree well with sonic logging in a nearby well and map a granitic contact accurately. Detection performance is somewhat worse than geophones and yields magnitude completeness of −1.4 compared to −1.7 for geophones. Using a single vertical fiber array, we cannot retrieve the azimuth of the events relative to the well. However, we can very accurately estimate their depth and horizontal distance from the array. Magnitude estimation with DAS approaches geophone results to within a standard deviation of M=0.115 and negligible mean difference. The DAS processing results outperform a regional and local surface array, consolidated with a shallow borehole sensor. Although downhole geophones in the FORGE experimental layout performed better, DAS holds several critical practical benefits that were not demonstrated. Thanks to its heat resistance, it can be deployed much closer to the reservoir; fibers can be deployed along cased active wells, eliminating the need for a dedicated monitoring well; the permanently installed fiber can be used for years or decades. Therefore, we argue that DAS holds vast potential for long-term monitoring of EGS projects.
The Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment
Authors: Barcheck Grace , Abers Geoffrey A. , Adams Aubreya N. , Bécel Anne , Collins John , Gaherty James B. , Haeussler Peter J. , Li Zongshan , Moore Ginevra , Onyango Evans , Roland Emily , Sampson Daniel E. , Schwartz Susan Y. , Sheehan Anne F. , Shillington Donna J. , Shore Patrick J. , Webb Spahr , Wiens Douglas A. , Worthington Lindsay L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Alaska Amphibious Community Seismic Experiment (AACSE) is a shoreline-crossing passive- and active-source seismic experiment that took place from May 2018 through August 2019 along an ∼700  km long section of the Aleutian subduction zone spanning Kodiak Island and the Alaska Peninsula. The experiment featured 105 broadband seismometers; 30 were deployed onshore, and 75 were deployed offshore in Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) packages. Additional strong-motion instruments were also deployed at six onshore seismic sites. Offshore OBS stretched from the outer rise across the trench to the shelf. OBSs in shallow water (&lt;262  m depth) were deployed with a trawl-resistant shield, and deeper OBSs were unshielded. Additionally, a number of OBS-mounted strong-motion instruments, differential and absolute pressure gauges, hydrophones, and temperature and salinity sensors were deployed. OBSs were deployed on two cruises of the R/V Sikuliaq in May and July 2018 and retrieved on two cruises aboard the R/V Sikuliaq and R/V Langseth in August–September 2019. A complementary 398-instrument nodal seismometer array was deployed on Kodiak Island for four weeks in May–June 2019, and an active-source seismic survey on the R/V Langseth was arranged in June 2019 to shoot into the AACSE broadband network and the nodes. Additional underway data from cruises include seafloor bathymetry and sub-bottom profiles, with extra data collected near the rupture zone of the 2018 Mw 7.9 offshore-Kodiak earthquake. The AACSE network was deployed simultaneously with the EarthScope Transportable Array (TA) in Alaska, effectively densifying and extending the TA offshore in the region of the Alaska Peninsula. AACSE is a community experiment, and all data were made available publicly as soon as feasible in appropriate repositories.
Body mass index increases CD4+ count in HIV/AIDS patients on first-line therapy
Authors: Widiyanti Mirna , Hadi Moch Irfan , Kumalasari Mei Lina Fitri , Natalia Evi Iriani , Purba Dedi Ananta , Adiningsih Setyo 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundThe body mass index (BMI) may contribute somewhat to drug metabolism, thus affecting the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART). CD4+ counts in people infected with HIV are essential in determining the stage of the disease, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, opportunistic infections and evaluating treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the association of BMI and clinical stage with CD4+ counts in HIV patients seeking treatment using first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART).MethodsAn analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted involving 251 HIV/AIDS patients who had received first-line antiretrovirals over six months. BMI, clinical staging according to WHO and CD4 + were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the relationship between BMI, clinical stage and CD4+.ResultsAmong the enrolled patients, the median age was 36 years, 135 (55%) of the patients was female, 102 (40.6%) was overweight/obese, 161 (64.1%) was in stage 3 of the disease, and the median CD4+ count was 389 cells/mm3. Multiple linear regression test showed two variables with a significant effect on CD4+ count, namely BMI (B=69.247; 95 % CI : 42.886-95.608) and clinical stage (B=61.590; 28.910-94.270). BMI was the most influencing factor for CD4+ count (β=0.307) compared to clinical stage (β=0.216). ConclusionsBody mass index was the most influencing factor for CD4 + counts of HIV/AIDS patients. Regular ART can increase CD4+ counts and maintain the health of HIV/AIDS patients.