bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dicatet Mak!
Authors: Purwasari Endang 
Published: July 2020

Debt has been a common phenomenon in people’s lives, both in the big cities, as well as in remote areas. This debt activity has been internalized into people's lives so that it cannot be separated no matter how small. There are quite a number of existing related literatures that deal with this. However, debt is only seen as a means to meet the daily needs of debtors, in which the relationship between creditors and debtors is not far enough studied. The study related to the relationship between creditors and debtors (if any) is still limited. This article seeks to complement the existing literature by examining debt and credit cyrcle that create new relationships in the spectrum of oil palm plantation employees.
This ethnographic study takes place in the housing complex of oil palm plantation employees in Kebun Sei Muara, Kalimantan Island. It involved 26 female informants consisting of six women workers, six housewives, and fourteen female traders. Data was collected using in-depth interview in order to explor the reasons for debt, reason for giving debt, the implication of debt, and how parties are related to debt. While participatory observation is carried out by participating in the daily activities of the Kebun Sei Muara community, such as shopping at a food stall, attending parties, helping in various parties, gossiping, social gathering, etc.
The study indicates that debt has become the foundation of reciprocity relations in Kebun Sei Muara. This debt is carried out for from daily needs to the need for making life cycle parties, which involve not only the poor, but also rich people. This creates a reciprocal bond between the debtor and the creditor, the host and the guests, as well as creates balanced reciprocity between them. This relationship raises an obligation for both actors involved to give and return the contribution for the attending parties. In this context, there is a norm that requires them to come to provide contribution in the form of money and/or goods to the host, and expecting to have a balanced reciprocity in return. The higher the status, the bigger the party, the more debts the host make, and the return contribution will be used to pay for the debt. The higher the status, the more contribution the guests have to provide, though it depends on the closeness between the host and the guests, as well their previous contribution. Community members, who do not participate in the debt circle, will automatically be ostracized from social activities and are considered as “the others”. Conflict potentially occurs between debtor and creditor when payment is neglected, but this is depended on how the creditor responds to it. It is common, however, that this may be impacted on the future relationship not only between the two, but also with others in the Kebun Sei Muara.
Contact Metamorphic and Metasomatic Processes at the Kharaelakh Intrusion, Oktyabrsk Deposit, Norilsk-Talnakh Ore District: Application of LA-ICP-MS Dating of Perovskite, Apatite, Garnet, and Titanite
Authors: Marfin Alexander E. , Ivanov Alexei V. , Kamenetsky Vadim S. , Abersteiner Adam , Yakich Tamara Yu. , Dudkin Timur V. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Norilsk-Talnakh ore district in the northwestern Siberian platform contains globally unique reserves of Cu-Ni-sulfides with Pt and, especially, Pd. The Oktyabrsk deposit, which is one of the largest in the district, is spatially and genetically associated with the Kharaelakh mafic-ultramafic intrusion and its exceptionally large metamorphic and metasomatic aureoles. In this study, we employed in situ laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry U-Pb isotope dating of apatite, titanite, garnet, and perovskite that cocrystallize with disseminated sulfides within the aureole of metasomatic and contact metamorphic rocks. The calculated isotopic ages for apatite (257.3 ± 4.5 and 248.9 ± 5.1 Ma), titanite (248.6 ± 6.8 and 249.1 ± 2.9 Ma), garnet (260.0 ± 11.0 Ma), and perovskite (247.3 ± 8.2 Ma), though with large uncertainties, indicate that sulfide mineralization within metasomatic and contact-metamorphic rocks is coeval with the emplacement of the Kharaelakh intrusion. These isotopic dates are in complete agreement with the published isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry U-Pb zircon ages for the Norilsk intrusions and, at the same time, notably older than available Re-Os isochron ages of sulfides. The latter ages have been long interpreted as evidence for a prolonged duration of magmatic ore-forming processes; however, our data narrow their life span. Trace elements in titanite and garnet allow distinguishing late- and postmagmatic grains, which show indistinguishable U-Pb isotope ages.
Resenha: ASANTE, Molefi Kete. Revolutionary Pedagogy. Primer for Teachers of Black Children. New York, Universal Write Publications LLC, 2017.
Authors: Silva Maurício Pedro da 
Published: July 2020

Resenha do livro: ASANTE, Molefi Kete. Revolutionary Pedagogy. Primer for Teachers of Black Children. New York, Universal Write Publications LLC, 2017.
Analysis of Surface Roughness and Cutting Forces in Hard Turning of 42CrMo4 Steel using Taguchi and RSM Method
Authors: ÖZDEMİR Mustafa , KAYA Mehmet Tuncay , AKYILDIZ Hamza Kemal 
Published: July 2020

In this study, effects of cutting speed (V), feed rate (f), depth of cut (a) and tool tip radius (R) on surface roughness (Ra, Rz, and Rt) and cutting forces (radial force (Fx), tangential force (Fy), and feed force (Fz)) in hard finish turning processes of hardened 42CrMo4 (52 HRC) material was investigated experimentally. Taguchi’s mixed level parameter design (L18) is used for the experimental design (2x1,3x3). The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) was used in the evaluation of test results. By using Taguchi method, cutting parameters giving optimum surface roughness and cutting forces were determined. Regression analyses are applied to predict surface roughness and cutting forces. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to determine the effects of the machining parameters on surface roughness and cutting forces. According to ANOVA analysis, the most important cutting parameters were found to be feed rate for surface roughness and depth of cut among cutting forces. By conducting validation experiments, optimization was seen to be applied successfully.
Aprendizes de si: percursos para sentir/pensar as artes e as culturas silenciadas
Authors: Alves Teodora de Araújo 
Published: July 2020

A formação universitária pode possibilitar caminhos menos coloniais de ensino e aprendizagem, desde que a natureza plural da sua própria comunidade seja reconhecidamente considerada em seus processos formativos e nas tomadas de decisões institucionais, sendo, desse modo, uma instituição educativa que não se enclausure no colonialismo separatista, discriminatório, distanciador dos sujeitos que dela fazem parte. O corpo, por vezes, negado/oprimido em função da sua cor; da sua nacionalidade; da sua “classe social”, da sua cultura, resiste pela afirmação daquilo que coletivamente foi instituído como sendo sua identidade; seus processos identitários, sua africanidade. Nesse contexto, a arte, pode se tornar um elemento agregador do processo de luta e afirmação. Este estudo fenomenológico, portanto, tem como objetivo enfatizar a força das africanidades, do corpo e de algumas expressões artísticas afro-brasileiras como práticas decoloniais possíveis de ser trabalhadas no ensino superior. A metodologia adotada foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica bem como uma exposição do acervo da autora a fim de apresentar experiências com as africanidades. Como resultado, aponta que docentes tomem também para si a responsabilidade de repensar suas práticas acadêmicas a partir da diversidade e das idiossincrasias dos sujeitos que a integram, na perspectiva de contribuírem para a constituição de uma universidade pluriversitária.
Reducing contrast dose using virtual monoenergetic imaging for aortic CTA
Authors: Yoshida Ryoichi , Usui Keisuke , Katsunuma Yasushi , Honda Hiroshi , Hatakeyama Koki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional computed tomographic angiography (3D‐CTA) is widely used to evaluate the inner diameters of vessels and the anatomical vascular structure prior to endoscopic aortic surgery or transcatheter valve implantation. Virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) is a new application in dual‐energy CT (DECT). We evaluated the potential for contrast dose reduction in preoperative aortic CTA using VMI. To evaluate performance in terms of image quality and vessel shape, we quantified the contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) and the vessel diameter using a cylinder phantom we developed, and used volume rendering to assess visual quality. All VMI had improved CNR values compared with conventional 120 kVp images at an iodine content of 15 mgI/mL. In each image, a virtual mono‐energy of 40 keV yielded the highest CNR value, and an iodine content of 9 mgI/mL was comparable to that of conventional images with an iodine content of 15 mgI/mL. The circularity indices (CI) of the vascular model at 15, 12, and 9 mgI/mL were similar to those of the reference condition using conventional voltages; however, CI was degraded at iodine contents of 6 and 3 mgI/mL with VMI.In the case of iodine content of 15 mgI/mL, VMI was superior, with conventional image by visual evaluation. In the cases of iodine contents of 12 and 9 mgI/mL, image quality was judged to be almost the same level when comparing 12 and 9 mgI/mL to conventional images. In the case of 6 and 3 mgI/mL, reference image using conventional technique was superior to that of VMI. We demonstrated in that decreasing contrast iodine content is possible using VMI with an energy of 40 keV for preoperative aortic 3D‐CTA.
Klippel–Trenaunay and Sturge–Weber Overlap Syndrome with KRAS and GNAQ mutations
Authors: He Ruojie , Liao Songjie , Yao Xiaoli , Huang Ruxun , Zeng Jinsheng , Zhang Jian , Yu Jian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPatients with combined phenotypes of Sturge–Weber syndrome and Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome have been reported, though the underlying genetic spectrum in these individuals remains to be elucidated. We reported the patient presenting with Klippel–Trenaunay and Sturge–Weber overlap syndrome in mainland China. Histopathologic study confirmed the hemangioma of vein and capillary. Co‐existence of a novel somatic KRAS c.182_183 delins TC mutation and GNAQ c.548G>A mutation was identified in the affected skin tissue rather than paired peripheral blood. The somatic mutations of GNAQ and KRAS may affect MAPK‐ERK signaling pathway, resulting in endothelial anomaly and blood vessel malformation.
Documenting Value Creation: A Business Opportunity for Architects, Their Clients and Society
Authors: Sattrup Peter Andreas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractArchitects have often neglected documenting the value of architectural design in terms their stakeholders understand, with detrimental effects on their fees and the esteem of their profession. But there are ways forward. Architect Peter Andreas Sattrup, Senior Advisor on Sustainability for the Danish Association of Architectural Firms, explains the association's framework for value creation by architectural design and how it can open up new business opportunities.
‘Engender the Confidence to Demand Better’: The Value of Architects in Community Asset Transfers
Authors: McVicar Mhairi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMhairi McVicar is Reader at the Welsh School of Architecture in Cardiff and Academic Lead of Community Gateway, an organisation that seeks to link Cardiff academics and design professionals with residents and businesses in the city's Grangetown district through a spirit of strong, proactive support. One initiative has been the rejuvenation of the dilapidated Grange Bowls Pavilion and its asset transfer to the local community.
Synthesis of Atomically Thin 1T‐TaSe2 with a Strongly Enhanced Charge‐Density‐Wave Order
Authors: Wang Hong , Chen Yu , Zhu Chao , Wang Xuewen , Zhang Hongbo , Tsang Siu Hon , Li Hongling , Lin Jinjun , Yu Ting , Liu Zheng , Teo Edwin Hang Tong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBulk 1T‐TaSe2 as a charge‐density‐wave (CDW) conductor is of special interest for CDW‐based nanodevice applications because of its high CDW transition temperature. Reduced dimensionality of the strongly correlated material is expected to result in significantly different collective properties. However, the growth of atomically thin 1T‐TaSe2 crystals remains elusive, thus hampering studies of dimensionality effects on the CDW of the material. Herein, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of atomically thin TaSe2 crystals is reported with controlled 1T phase. Scanning transmission electron microscopy suggests the high crystallinity and the formation of CDW superlattice in the ultrathin 1T‐TaSe2 crystals. The commensurate–incommensurate CDW transition temperature of the grown 1T‐TaSe2 increases with decreasing film thickness and reaches a value of 570 K in a 3 nm thick layer, which is 97 K higher than that of previously reported bulk 1T‐TaSe2. This work enables the exploration of collective phenomena of 1T‐TaSe2 in the 2D limit, as well as offers the possibility of utilizing the high‐temperature CDW films in ultrathin phase‐change devices.
Aryl Diammonium Iodide Passivation for Efficient and Stable Hybrid Organ‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Hou Minna , Xu Yuzeng , Zhou Bo , Tian Ying , Wu Yan , Zhang Dekun , Wang Guangcai , Li Baozhang , Ren Huizhi , Li Yuelong , Huang Qian , Ding Yi , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan , Hou Guofu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSurface passivation is increasingly one of the most prominent strategies to promote the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, most passivation molecules hinder carrier extraction due to poorly conductive aggregation between perovskite surface and carrier transportation layer. Herein, a novel molecule: p‐phenyl dimethylammonium iodide (PDMAI) with ammonium group on both terminals is introduced, and its passivation effect is systematically investigated. It is found that PDMAI can mitigate defects at the surface and promote carrier extraction from perovskite to the hole transporting layer, leading to a lift of open‐circuit voltage of 40 mV. Profiting from superior PDMAI passivation, the average efficiency of PSCs has been elevated from 19.69% to 20.99%. As demonstrated with density functional theory calculations, PDMAI probably tends to anchor onto the perovskite surface with both NH3I tails, and enhances the adhesion and contact to perovskite layer. The exposed hydrophobic aryl core protects perovskite against detrimental environmental factors. In addition, the alkyl component between aryl and ammonium groups is demonstrated to be essentially vital in triggering passivation function, which offers the guidance for the design of passivation molecules.
Particle Surfaces to Study Macrophage Adherence, Migration, and Clearance
Authors: Septiadi Dedy , Lee Aaron , Spuch‐Calvar Miguel , Moore Thomas Lee , Spiaggia Giovanni , Abdussalam Wildan , Rodriguez‐Lorenzo Laura , Taladriz‐Blanco Patricia , Rothen‐Rutishauser Barbara , Petri‐Fink Alke 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNanoparticle adsorption to substrates pose a unique challenge to understand uptake mechanisms as it involves the organization of complex cytoskeletal components by cells to perform endocytosis/phagocytosis. In particular, it is not well‐understood from a cell mechanics perspective how the adhesion of particles on substrate will influence the ease of material clearance. By using a particle model, key contributing factors underlying cell adhesion on nonporous silica particle surfaces, migration and engulfment, are simulated and studied. Following a 24 h incubation period, monocyte‐derived macrophages and A549 epithelial cells are able to adhere and remove particles in their local vicinity through induction of adhesive pulling arise from cell traction forces and phagocytic/endocytic mechanisms, in a size‐dependent manner. It is observed that such particle‐decorated surfaces can be used to address the influence of surface topography on cell behavior. Substrates which presented 480 nm silica particles are able to induce greater development and maturation of focal adhesions, which play an important role in cellular mechanoregulation. Moreover, under a chemotactic influence, in the presence of 30% fetal bovine serum, macrophages are able to uptake the particles and be directed to translocate along a concentration gradient, indicating that local mechanical effects do not substantially impair normal physiological functions.
2D Perovskite Seeding Layer for Efficient Air‐Processable and Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Hangoma Pesi Mwitumwa , Shin Insoo , Yang Hyun‐Seock , Kim Danbi , Jung Yun Kyung , Lee Bo Ram , Kim Joo Hyun , Kim Kwang Ho , Park Sung Heum 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite the record power conversion efficiencies, inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are still looking to overcome the challenge of moisture instability. This is mitigated by introducing 2D perovskite at the base of a 3D perovskite via coating of ethylenediamine bications on top of the hole transport layer of p–i–n planar configured devices. The cations induce thin 2D perovskite growth beneath the 3D perovskite to create a 2D/3D hybrid active layer. This 2D layer in turn acts as a template for the growth of relatively large grains compared to that of pure 3D perovskite films. This stems from the merging of grain boundaries. The hydrophobicity of the 2D/3D perovskite film consequently improves, as evidenced by a large contact angle of 93.1°, compared to 68.9° for the 3D perovskite film. Because there are fewer defects sourced from grain boundaries, the air‐processed 2D/3D perovskite devices yield a high power conversion efficiency of 15.02%, compared to 13.10% from 3D perovskite devices. When stored in moderately humid environment of 55% relative humidity, the 2D/3D devices exhibit longer stabilities, with 75% of their power conversion efficiencies maintained after 150 h, compared to a total loss in efficiency for 3D device in the same time frame.
Temperature‐Dependent Chemical and Physical Microstructure of Li Metal Anodes Revealed through Synchrotron‐Based Imaging Techniques
Authors: Adair Keegan R. , Banis Mohammad Norouzi , Zhao Yang , Bond Toby , Li Ruying , Sun Xueliang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Li metal anode has been long sought‐after for application in Li metal batteries due to its high specific capacity (3860 mAh g−1) and low electrochemical potential (−3.04 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode). Nevertheless, the behavior of Li metal in different environments has been scarcely reported. Herein, the temperature‐dependent behavior of Li metal anodes in carbonate electrolyte from the micro‐ to macroscales are explored with advanced synchrotron‐based characterization techniques such as X‐ray computed tomography and energy‐dependent X‐ray fluorescence mapping. The importance of testing methodology is exemplified, and the electrochemical behavior and failure modes of Li anodes cycled at different temperatures are discussed. Moreover, the origin of cycling performance at different temperatures is identified through analysis of Coulombic efficiencies, surface morphology, and the chemical composition of the solid electrolyte interphase in quasi‐3D space with energy‐dependent X‐ray fluorescence mappings coupled with micro‐X‐ray absorption near edge structure. This work provides new characterization methods for Li metal anodes and serves as an important basis toward the understanding of their electrochemical behavior in carbonate electrolytes at different temperatures.
α‐CsPbI3 Bilayers via One‐Step Deposition for Efficient and Stable All‐Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Cheng , Yang Yi , Syzgantseva Olga A. , Ding Yong , Syzgantseva Maria A. , Zhang Xianfu , Asiri Abdullah M. , Dai Songyuan , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe emerging inorganic CsPbI3 perovskites are promising wide‐bandgap materials for application in tandem solar cells, but they tend to transit from a black α phase to a yellow δ phase in ambient conditions. Herein, a gradient grain‐sized (GGS) CsPbI3 bilayer is developed to stabilize the α phase via a single‐step film deposition process. The spontaneously upward migration of (adamantan‐1‐yl)methanammonium (ADMA) based on the hot‐casting technique causes self‐assembly of the hierarchical morphology for the perovskite layers. Due to the strong steric effect of the surficial ADMA cation, a self‐assembly tiny grain‐sized CsPbI3 layer is in situ formed at the surface site, which exhibits notably enhanced phase stability by its high surface energy. Meanwhile, a large grain‐sized CsPbI3 layer is obtained at the bottom site with high charge mobility and low trap density of states, which benefits from the regulated growth rates by the interaction between ADMA and perovskites. The perovskite solar cell (PSC) based on the GGS CsPbI3 bilayer shows an efficiency of 15.5% and operates stably for 1000 h under ambient conditions. This work confirms that redistributing the surface energy of perovskite films is a facile strategy to stabilize metastable PSCs without the cost of efficiency loss.
In Situ Grazing‐Incidence Wide‐Angle Scattering Reveals Mechanisms for Phase Distribution and Disorientation in 2D Halide Perovskite Films
Authors: Hoffman Justin M. , Strzalka Joseph , Flanders Nathan C. , Hadar Ido , Cuthriell Shelby A. , Zhang Qingteng , Schaller Richard D. , Dichtel William R. , Chen Lin X. , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract2D hybrid halide perovskites with the formula (A′)2(A)n‐1PbnI3n+1 have remarkable stability and promising efficiency in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices, yet fundamental understanding of film formation, key to optimizing these devices, is lacking. Here, in situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) is used to monitor film formation during spin‐coating. This elucidates the general film formation mechanism of 2D halide perovskites during one‐step spin‐coating. There are three stages of film formation: sol–gel, oriented 3D, and 2D. Three precursor phases form during the sol–gel stage and transform to perovskite, first giving a highly oriented 3D‐like phase at the air/liquid interface followed by subsequent nucleations forming slightly less oriented 2D perovskite. Furthermore, heating before crystallization leads to fewer nucleations and faster removal of the precursors, improving orientation. This outlines the primary causes of phase distribution and perpendicular orientation in 2D perovskite films and paves the way for rationally designed film fabrication techniques.
Construction of 1D Vortex Chain Using a Chiral Nanostructure
Authors: Li Zhenghua , Dong Bin , He Yangyang , Li Xiang , Chen Aiying 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe construction and control of high‐order coupled vortices are a significant challenge for promoting the application of magnetic vortices. Thus far, only double‐coupled vortices have been produced and modulated in some ferromagnetic nanostructures. Here, an effective approach is provided to obtain a high‐order coupled vortex structure by using a chiral nanostructure. Double‐vortex, triple‐vortex, and n‐vortex chains can be successfully constructed using structured Fe4N nanostrips and bias nanomagnets. The designed chiral nanostructure cannot only control the transport and hybridization of vortices but also modulate the domain walls of the vortex chain for spin wave (SW) propagation. At the exciting frequency of 1.2 GHz, the SW propagates along the domain walls formed in the vortex chain. Upon increasing the frequency to 5.0 GHz, the SW gradually spreads from the domain walls into domains. This technique will present a new perspective for the design and application of magnetic vortex‐based devices.