bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electro-optic interface for ultrasensitive intracavity electric field measurements at microwave and terahertz frequencies
Authors: Benea-Chelmus Ileana-Cristina , Salamin Yannick , Settembrini Francesca Fabiana , Fedoryshyn Yuriy , Heni Wolfgang , Elder Delwin L. , Dalton Larry R. , Leuthold Juerg , Faist Jérôme 
Published: April 2020

Electro-optic quantum coherent interfaces map the amplitude and phase of a quantum signal directly to the phase or intensity of a probe beam. At terahertz frequencies, a fundamental challenge is not only to sense such weak signals (due to a weak coupling with a probe in the near-infrared) but also to resolve them in the time domain. Cavity confinement of both light fields can increase the interaction and achieve strong coupling. Using this approach, current realizations are limited to low microwave frequencies. Alternatively, in bulk crystals, electro-optic sampling was shown to reach quantum-level sensitivity of terahertz waves. Yet, the coupling strength was extremely weak. Here, we propose an on-chip architecture that concomitantly provides subcycle temporal resolution and an extreme sensitivity to sense terahertz intracavity fields below 20 V/m. We use guided femtosecond pulses in the near-infrared and a confinement of the terahertz wave to a volume of

V

T
H
z

∼

10

−
9

(

λ

T
H
z

/

2

)
3

in combination with ultraperformant organic molecules (

r

33

=
170

p
m

/

V

) and accomplish a record-high single-photon electro-optic coupling rate of

g

e
o

=
2
π
×
0.043

G
H
z

, 10,000 times higher than in recent reports of sensing vacuum field fluctuations in bulk media. Via homodyne detection implemented directly on chip, the interaction results into an intensity modulation of the femtosecond pulses. The single-photon cooperativity is

C
0

=
1.6
×

10

−
8

, and the multiphoton cooperativity is

C
=
0.002

at room temperature. We show

>

70

d
B

dynamic range in intensity at 500 ms integration under irradiation with a weak coherent terahertz field. Similar devices could be employed in future measurements of quantum states in the terahertz at the standard quantum limit, or for entanglement of subsystems on subcycle temporal scales, such as terahertz and near-infrared quantum bits.
The importance of sensorial empathy and the language of touch when crafting textiles for people who are visually impaired
Authors: Hunt Kevin , Piper Anna , Worker Georgie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article reflects upon a pilot project crafting textile samples/prototypes for people who are visually impaired. It explores the role that sensorial empathy and further understanding of the language of touch play in the textile crafting process for makers working with people who are visually impaired, and that aesthetic and experiential textiles (while important to all) are especially important to people who are visually impaired. The project undertakes craft research in an area that is generally overlooked by textile designers. The makers/participants were sighted second-year undergraduate textile design students at Nottingham Trent University and the end users, who acted as informants, were service users at My Sight Nottinghamshire (a charity in the United Kingdom addressing visual impairment). The project is situated within human-centred design, with a focus on physically intuitive designs crafted for people with visual impairments. The application and usage of the samples/prototypes are aimed at inclusivity, with engagement centred primarily around haptic touch, and so looking at the textiles may not reveal their potential application, which becomes more apparent through physical engagement. The project was inspired by work within sensory studies, including the concept of sensorial empathy, and research relating to the language of touch through tactile encounters with art objects from a visually impaired perspective. The methods used in the project drew upon empathic design processes, which were informed by sensory ethnography – particularly 'emplacement' and the holistic consideration of mind, body and place – and selected aspects of social haptics, particularly 'environmental description'. Recommendations include further development of the language of touch to support textile craft when working with people who are visually impaired and further consideration of 'grounding' as a concept regularly described by the informants.
A quantitative study of poplar plantation situation in four Iran provinces
Authors: Azizi Majid , Faezipour Mohammad Mehdi , Bayatkashkoli Ali 
Published: April 2020

Poplars, a fast-growing species, enjoy a high significance in Iran’s industry. So far, information on poplar plantation, such as area, volume, and harvest, has been obtained by non-scientific and poor methods. A few studies have been conducted to recognize capability of poplar plantation about area, volume, harvest, distribution, and species in three high efficient provinces, i.e., Eastern/ Azerbaijan, Zanjan, Kermanshah, and Ardabil. A Cluster sampling a standard sampling method for conducting similar researches was selected, consisting of two phases. In the first phase we collected library information and half-open interview from villagers. In the second phase field measurement in the villages of these four provinces was considered. Obtained information from field measurement was erected poplar volume, cultivated poplar area, prevalent species and estimating volume via volume and weight tables. Results obtained from the present study indicate that average annual utilization volume of four provinces was 172628.84 m3, with an average error of 14.19 percent.
Evaluation of Antibacterial Potential of Daldinia concentrica from North Eastern Region of India
Authors: Goswami Sewali , Rahman Imtiaz , Kishor Sumit , Dwivedi Sanjai Kumar 
Published: April 2020

Morphological, bio-chemical and antibacterial potential of an ascomycetous fungus, Daldinia concentrica, was evaluated. It was collected from dead, decaying log of Mimusops elengi tree and isolated by plating in potato dextrose medium. Macroscopic and microscopic features of the stromata were studied. The crude methanol extract of the stromata (30 mg/ml) exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (MTCC-40), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC-7093), Klebsiella pneumoniae (MTCC-661), Enterobacter aerogenes (MTCC-111) and Gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-7443), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC-121). Bacillus subtilis was the most sensitive organism to the methanol extract of this fungus with 41.33 mm zone of inhibition. Gas Chromatographic–Mass Spectral Analysis of stromatal methanol extract revealed the presence of 19 compounds. The present investigation indicated the potential antibacterial activity of native D. concentrica, which could be useful for pharmaceutical application.
Analisis Distribusi Pemilikan Lahan Pertanian dan Pendapatan Usahatani di Kabupaten Karawang
Authors: Suprastyo Dwi , Siregar Hermanto , Mulatsih Sri 
Published: April 2020

Salah satu isu strategis di bidang pertanahan adalah timpangnya pemilikan lahan pertanian. Hal ini terjadi karena semakin mengecilnya lahan yang dimiliki oleh petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana struktur pemilikan lahan pertanian dan pendapatan petani di Kabupaten Karawang serta kebijakan yang dapat diambil untuk mengatasi timpangnya pemilikan lahan pertanian. Di samping itu juga menganalisis berapa kebutuhan lahan yang ideal agar petani dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup layak keluarganya. Penelitian melibatkan dua desa yang mewakili daerah subur dan kurang subur. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan indeks gini, analisis chi square dan metode AHP dalam penentuan kebijakan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa masih terjadi ketimpangan pemilikan lahan serta pendapatan di antara petani. Terdapat dua kesimpulan mengenai hubungan luas lahan dengan pendapatan, di mana ada hubungan antara keduanya serta tidak ada hubungan antara keduanya. Upaya untuk mengatasi ketimpangan pemilikan lahan pertanian sekaligus pendapatan adalah salah satunya dengan mengeluarkan kebijakan pembatasan pemilikan lahan pertanian berdasarkan tingkat kehidupan layak.
MiR-542-3p suppresses neuroblastoma cell proliferation and invasion by downregulation of KDM1A and ZNF346
Authors: Wei Qiang , Guo Zhao , Chen Dong , Jia Xinjian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNeuroblastoma is one of the most common malignancies in infants and children. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported as significant regulators that play important roles in neuroblastoma development. This research aimed to analyze the functional mechanism of miR-542-3p in neuroblastoma. Here, we found that miR-542-3p was downregulated and KDM1A as well as ZNF346 were upregulated in neuroblastoma tissues and cells. Both overexpression of miR-542-3p and the knockdown of KDM1A suppressed cell proliferation and invasion in neuroblastomas. Moreover, miR-542-3p reduced the levels of KDM1A and ZNF346 through interaction. Both KDM1A overexpression and ZNF346 upregulation weakened the effect of miR-542-3p on neuroblastoma cells. Besides, miR-542-3p negatively regulated tumor growth in vivo. Our results suggested that miR-542-3p suppressed cell proliferation and invasion by targeting KDM1A and ZNF346 in neuroblastomas, providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
Design and fabrication of functional polycaprolactone
Authors: Chen Tingting , Cai Tongjiang , Jin Qiao , Ji Jian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFunctional polycaprolactone (PCL) has great potential for applications in biomedical areas. This review summarizes the recent progress in the chemical synthesis of functional PCL. The functional PCL can be synthesized by (a) homopolymerization or copolymerization of functional ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), (b) copolymerization of 2-methylene-1-3-dioxepane with functional vinyl monomers, or (c) copolymerization of ε-CL with functional carbonate monomers. This review presents the recent trends in the synthesis of functional PCL and its biomedical applications.
GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITY IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) / APTITUD COMBINATORIA GENERAL Y ESPECÍFICA EN EL GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / APTITUDE À LA COMBINATION GENERAL ET SPECIFIQUE CHEZ LE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.)
Authors: Laureti Domenico , Del Gatto Andrea 
Published: April 2020

SUMMARYA total of 245 test cross progenies obtained by crossing cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and restorer (RHA) lines were evaluated in replicated trials in 1995 and 1997. Experiments were carried out in two locations (Osimo, East Central Italy and Budrio, Northern Italy) in 1995, whereas in 1997 trials were conducted only in Osimo. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of the parents was evaluated to identify genotypes suitable to be used as testers for breeding programs and to verify the performance of hybrids. The results obtained in 1995 were used to make test crosses in 1996 to be evaluated in 1997. The GCA and SCA of RHA and CMS lines were nearly always significant for all the studied traits when lines were randomly taken in 1995. When selected testers were used on the basis of the results of the first year, the SCA of new RHA lines and GCA of new CMS lines were not significant for achene yield, but they were for the other traits.The best GCA estimates for RHA were often higher than those of CMS, indicating that selection for RHA could be more useful than for CMS. As expected, GCA was always lower than SCA. CMS and RHA, with high variance among their test crosses for yield and many other traits, could be used as testers. The lack of a tester with high variance in all traits requires more than one tester in evaluating lines. The GCA of a line can change in function of the germplasm with which it is combined.
EFFECT OF MINERAL DEFICIENCY ON MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND ON SHOOT AND ROOT MINERAL PARTITIONING IN THREE SUNFLOWER VARIETIES / EFECTO DE LA FALTA DE ELEMENTOS MINERALAS SOBRE LOS PARAMENTROS MORFOLOGICOS Y FISIOLOGICOS Y REPARTICION DE ELEMENTOS MINERALES DE LA PARTE SOBRE EL SUELO Y DE LA RAIZ EN TRES VARIEDADES / INFLUENCE DE LA CARENCE D’ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX SUR LES PARAMÈTRES MORPHOLOGIQUES ET PHYSIOLOGIQUES ET SUR LA DISTRIBUTION DES ÉLÉMENTS MINÉRAUX ENTRE LA PARTIE AÉRIENNE ET LA RACINE POUR TROIS SORTES DE TOURNESOL
Authors: El Midaoui Mohammed , Talouizte Ahmed , Mohamed Benbella , Hervé Serieys , Abdelhadi Ait Houssa , Bervillé André 
Published: April 2020

SUMMARYAn experiment has been carried out in order to study the behaviour under mineral deficiency of three sunflower genotypes, a population variety (Oro 9) and two hybrids (Mirasol and Albena). Sunflower seedlings were submitted to five treatments: N deficiency (N0), P deficiency (P0), K deficiency (K0), N and K deficiency (N0K0) and a control. Plants were harvested when they reached 3-4 true pairs of leaves. Growth parameters measured (height, total leaf area, root length, root and shoot dry mater) were all significantly reduced by mineral deficiency. Leaf area was most reduced by N0 (-61%) and P0 (-56%). Total dry matter was most affected by N0 (-63%) and by N0K0 (-66%). Genotype comparisons showed that Oro 9 had the highest shoot dry matter while Albena had the lowest root dry matter. Effect of mineral deficiency on content and partitioning of N, P, K, Ca and Na was significant and varied according to treatments and among plant parts. Shoot dry weight was significantly correlated with root N content (r2=0.81) and root K content (r2=-0.61) for N0 and K0.
The yield condition strongly influences the formation of Dugdale plastic strips ahead of crack tips under tensile plane stress loading conditions
Authors: Unger David J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA finite element analysis indicates a good correlation between the Dugdale plastic strip model and a linear elastic/perfectly plastic material under plane stress loading conditions for a flow theory of plasticity based on the Tresca yield condition. A similar analysis under the von Mises yield condition reveals no plastic strip formation.
Superhydrophobic surfaces
Authors: Karapanagiotis Ioannis , Manoudis Panagiotis 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSuperhydrophobicity – also known as water repellency – has recently attracted considerable attention because of its numerous potential applications. However, the fundamental concepts and equations describing the wettability of superhydrophobic surfaces have been known since the 1940s. These concepts are reviewed and discussed in the present feature article in light of the recent developments. Furthermore, the potential use of water-repellent siloxane-nanoparticle composites for surface protection and consolidation of stones and mortars used in outdoor objects of cultural heritage is investigated. Finally, it is shown that the wettability of the composite surfaces can be predicted by the Cassie-Baxter equation.
Reaction-diffusion systems in natural sciences and new technology transfer
Authors: Keller André A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDiffusion mechanisms in natural sciences and innovation management involve partial differential equations (PDEs). This is due to their spatio-temporal dimensions. Functional semi-discretized PDEs (with lattice spatial structures or time delays) may be even more adapted to real world problems. In the modeling process, PDEs can also formalize behaviors, such as the logistic growth of populations with migration, and the adopters’ dynamics of new products in innovation models. In biology, these events are related to variations in the environment, population densities and overcrowding, migration and spreading of humans, animals, plants and other cells and organisms. In chemical reactions, molecules of different species interact locally and diffuse. In the management of new technologies, the diffusion processes of innovations in the marketplace (e.g., the mobile phone) are a major subject. These innovation diffusion models refer mainly to epidemic models. This contribution introduces that modeling process by using PDEs and reviews the essential features of the dynamics and control in biological, chemical and new technology transfer. This paper is essentially user-oriented with basic nonlinear evolution equations, delay PDEs, several analytical and numerical methods for solving, different solutions, and with the use of mathematical packages, notebooks and codes. The computations are carried out by using the software Wolfram Mathematica®7, and C++ codes.
Torsional prestrain gradient and size dependence of initial yield for <100> Cu-Mn single crystals in tension
Authors: Eleftheriadis Iordanis , Neuhäuser Hartmut , Aifantis Elias C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe effect of torsional prestrain gradient on the size dependence of initial yielding during subsequent tension of Cu-Mn single crystals is investigated experimentally.
Internationalization of Bulgarian Clusters
Authors: Ivanov Christo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A number of studies ascertain the role clusters play in increasing the competitive power, innovations and economic development of separate countries. The internationalization of clusters is among the factors which contribute to their future development. Small and medium enterprises, which operate on an international level as part of a cluster, manage to improve their economic results. The paper analyses the internationalization process of Bulgarian clusters.
Market Access and Home Market Effect
Authors: Karavidas Dionysios 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBased on the standard Footloose Capital model developed by Martin and Rogers (1995), I consider an integrated model that consists of a system of two regions and a third external region, in order to study the impact of improved market access on the Home Market Effect within the system of the two regions. The concept of the Home Market Effect is well known in the literature, but once we extend the number of regions, many are unknown. The main finding of the model suggests that improved market access with respect to an external market enhances the Home Market Effect within the system of the two regions. Interestingly, I show that this finding comes from the fact that improved market access increases the Market Access Effect, while it has no impact on the Market Crowding Effect.
Solid-state Be-9 NMR of beryllium compounds
Authors: Eckert Hellmut 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Despite the favorable NMR-spectroscopic features of the 9Be isotope, the exploration of solid Beryllium compounds by this method has been very limited, owing to safety concerns regarding their preparation and handling. The present review aims to be the first comprehensive one on this topic, summarizing the classical and modern methodologies available for determining the relevant 9Be NMR observables in the solid state. Results on molecular crystals, oxidic materials, and intermetallic systems will be discussed in terms of their informational content in relation to atomic and electronic structure and dynamics, leading to suggestions for future paths of investigation.
PP2A phosphatase is required for dendrite pruning via actin regulation in Drosophila
Authors: Wolterhoff Neele , Gigengack Ulrike , Rumpf Sebastian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLarge‐scale pruning, the developmentally regulated degeneration of axons or dendrites, is an important specificity mechanism during neuronal circuit formation. The peripheral sensory class IV dendritic arborization (c4da) neurons of Drosophila larvae specifically prune their dendrites at the onset of metamorphosis in an ecdysone‐dependent manner. Dendrite pruning requires local cytoskeleton remodeling, and the actin‐severing enzyme Mical is an important ecdysone target. In a screen for pruning factors, we identified the protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A). PP2A interacts genetically with the actin‐severing enzymes Mical and cofilin as well as other actin regulators during pruning. Moreover, Drosophila cofilin undergoes a change in localization at the onset of metamorphosis indicative of a change in actin dynamics. This change is abolished both upon loss of Mical and PP2A. We conclude that PP2A regulates actin dynamics during dendrite pruning.
Suppression of Ca2+ signals by EGR4 controls Th1 differentiation and anti‐cancer immunity in vivo
Authors: Mookerjee‐Basu Jayati , Hooper Robert , Gross Scott , Schultz Bryant , Go Christina K , Samakai Elsie , Ladner Jonathan , Nicolas Emmanuelle , Tian Yuanyuan , Zhou Bo , Zaidi M Raza , Tourtellotte Warren , He Shan , Zhang Yi , Kappes Dietmar J , Soboloff Jonathan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhile the zinc finger transcription factors EGR1, EGR2, and EGR3 are recognized as critical for T‐cell function, the role of EGR4 remains unstudied. Here, we show that EGR4 is rapidly upregulated upon TCR engagement, serving as a critical “brake” on T‐cell activation. Hence, TCR engagement of EGR4−/− T cells leads to enhanced Ca2+ responses, driving sustained NFAT activation and hyperproliferation. This causes profound increases in IFNγ production under resting and diverse polarizing conditions that could be reversed by pharmacological attenuation of Ca2+ entry. Finally, an in vivo melanoma lung colonization assay reveals enhanced anti‐tumor immunity in EGR4−/− mice, attributable to Th1 bias, Treg loss, and increased CTL generation in the tumor microenvironment. Overall, these observations reveal for the first time that EGR4 is a key regulator of T‐cell differentiation and function.
Distinct Notch1 and BCL11B requirements mediate human γδ/αβ T cell development
Authors: Dolens Anne‐Catherine , Durinck Kaat , Lavaert Marieke , Van der Meulen Joni , Velghe Imke , De Medts Jelle , Weening Karin , Roels Juliette , De Mulder Katrien , Volders Pieter‐Jan , De Preter Katleen , Kerre Tessa , Vandekerckhove Bart , Leclercq Georges , Vandesompele Jo , Mestdagh Pieter , Van Vlierberghe Pieter , Speleman Frank , Taghon Tom 
Published: April 2020

Abstractγδ and αβ T cells have unique roles in immunity and both originate in the thymus from T‐lineage committed precursors through distinct but unclear mechanisms. Here, we show that Notch1 activation is more stringently required for human γδ development compared to αβ‐lineage differentiation and performed paired mRNA and miRNA profiling across 11 discrete developmental stages of human T cell development in an effort to identify the potential Notch1 downstream mechanism. Our data suggest that the miR‐17–92 cluster is a Notch1 target in immature thymocytes and that miR‐17 can restrict BCL11B expression in these Notch‐dependent T cell precursors. We show that enforced miR‐17 expression promotes human γδ T cell development and, consistently, that BCL11B is absolutely required for αβ but less for γδ T cell development. This study suggests that human γδ T cell development is mediated by a stage‐specific Notch‐driven negative feedback loop through which miR‐17 temporally restricts BCL11B expression and provides functional insights into the developmental role of the disease‐associated genes BCL11B and the miR‐17–92 cluster in a human context.