bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning to reveal hidden risk combinations for the trajectory of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms
Authors: Takahashi Yuta , Yoshizoe Kazuki , Ueki Masao , Tamiya Gen , Zhiqian Yu , Utsumi Yusuke , Sakuma Atsushi , Tsuda Koji , Hozawa Atsushi , Tsuji Ichiro , Tomita Hiroaki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe nature of the recovery process of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is multifactorial. The Massive Parallel Limitless-Arity Multiple-testing Procedure (MP-LAMP), which was developed to detect significant combinational risk factors comprehensively, was utilized to reveal hidden combinational risk factors to explain the long-term trajectory of the PTSD symptoms. In 624 population-based subjects severely affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, 61 potential risk factors encompassing sociodemographics, lifestyle, and traumatic experiences were analyzed by MP-LAMP regarding combinational associations with the trajectory of PTSD symptoms, as evaluated by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised score after eight years adjusted by the baseline score. The comprehensive combinational analysis detected 56 significant combinational risk factors, including 15 independent variables, although the conventional bivariate analysis between single risk factors and the trajectory detected no significant risk factors. The strongest association was observed with the combination of short resting time, short walking time, unemployment, and evacuation without preparation (adjusted P value = 2.2 × 10−4, and raw P value = 3.1 × 10−9). Although short resting time had no association with the poor trajectory, it had a significant interaction with short walking time (P value = 1.2 × 10−3), which was further strengthened by the other two components (P value = 9.7 × 10−5). Likewise, components that were not associated with a poor trajectory in bivariate analysis were included in every observed significant risk combination due to their interactions with other components. Comprehensive combination detection by MP-LAMP is essential for explaining multifactorial psychiatric symptoms by revealing the hidden combinations of risk factors.
An improved fluorescent tag and its nanobodies for membrane protein expression, stability assay, and purification
Authors: Cai Hongmin , Yao Hebang , Li Tingting , Hutter Cedric A. J. , Li Yanfang , Tang Yannan , Seeger Markus A. , Li Dianfan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGreen fluorescent proteins (GFPs) are widely used to monitor membrane protein expression, purification, and stability. An ideal reporter should be stable itself and provide high sensitivity and yield. Here, we demonstrate that a coral (Galaxea fascicularis) thermostable GFP (TGP) is by such reasons an improved tag compared to the conventional jellyfish GFPs. TGP faithfully reports membrane protein stability at temperatures near 90 °C (20-min heating). By contrast, the limit for the two popular GFPs is 64 °C and 74 °C. Replacing GFPs with TGP increases yield for all four test membrane proteins in four expression systems. To establish TGP as an affinity tag for membrane protein purification, several high-affinity synthetic nanobodies (sybodies), including a non-competing pair, are generated, and the crystal structure of one complex is solved. Given these advantages, we anticipate that TGP becomes a widely used tool for membrane protein structural studies.
Stratospheric drivers of extreme events at the Earth’s surface
Authors: Domeisen Daniela I. V. , Butler Amy H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe stratosphere, the layer of the atmosphere at heights between 10-50 km, is an important source of variability for the weather and climate at the Earth’s surface on timescales of weeks to decades. Since the stratospheric circulation evolves more slowly than that of the troposphere below, it can contribute to predictability at the surface. Our synthesis of studies on the coupling between the stratosphere and the troposphere reveals that the stratosphere also contributes substantially to a wide range of climate-related extreme events. These extreme events include cold air outbreaks and extreme heat, air pollution, wildfires, wind extremes, and storm clusters, as well as changes in tropical cyclones and sea ice cover, and they can have devastating consequences for human health, infrastructure, and ecosystems. A better understanding of the vertical coupling in the atmosphere, along with improved representation in numerical models, is therefore expected to help predict extreme events on timescales from weeks to decades in terms of the event type, magnitude, frequency, location, and timing. With a better understanding of stratosphere-troposphere coupling, it may be possible to link more tropospheric extremes to stratospheric forcing, which will be crucial for emergency planning and management.
The Polar Cap (PC) index combination, PCC: relations to solar wind properties and global magnetic disturbances
Authors: Stauning Peter 
Published: December 2020

The non-negative Polar Cap PCC index built from PCN (North) and PCS (South) indices correlates better with the solar wind merging electric field and is more representative for the total energy input from the solar wind to the magnetosphere and for the development of geomagnetic disturbances represented by the Kp index and ring current indices than either of the hemispheric indices. The present work shows that the ring current index, Dst, to a high degree of accuracy can be derived from a source function built from PCC indices. The integration of the PCC-based source function throughout the interval from 1992 to 2018 without attachment to the real Dst indices based on low latitude magnetic observations has generated equivalent Dst values that correlate very well (R = 0.86) with the real Dst index values, which are represented with a mean deviation less than 1 nT and an overall RMS deviation less than 13 nT. The precise correlation between the real and equivalent Dst values has been used to correct the PCC indices for saturation effects at high intensity disturbance conditions where the Dst index may take values beyond −100 nT. The relations between PCC and the ring current indices, Dst and ASY-H have been used, in addition, to derive the precise timing between polar cap convection processes reflected in the polar cap indices and the formation of the partial and total ring current systems. Building the ring current is considered to represent the energy input from the solar wind, which also powers auroral disturbance processes such as substorms and upper atmosphere heating. With current available PC indices, detailed and accurate SYM-H or Dst index values could be derived up to nearly one hour ahead of actual time by integration of the PCC-based source function from any previous quiet state. Thus, the PCC indices enabling accurate estimates of the energy input from the solar wind are powerful tools for space weather monitoring and for solar-terrestrial research.
Sonografie in der Rheumatologie – Update 2020
Authors: Ohrndorf Sarah 
Published: December 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie muskuloskelettale Sonografie ist ein bereits seit vielen Jahren etabliertes Verfahren in der Rheumatologie zur Diagnostik und Verlaufskontrolle von entzündlich rheumatischen Gelenkerkrankungen. Die sonografisch detektierte Synovitis hat eine prognostische Bedeutung sowohl in der Vorhersage einer Arthritis bei sogenannten Risikopatienten mit Arthralgien (ohne Gelenkschwellung) für die rheumatoide Arthritis („at risk for RA“), bei undifferenzierter Arthritis und dem bestehenden Verdacht auf RA sowie bei RA-Patienten in klinischer Remission zur Vorhersage einer radiografischen Progression bzw. eines Schubs. Bei der Psoriasis-Arthritis (PsA) ist die muskuloskelettale Sonografie vor allem hilfreich in der (frühen) Diagnostik, da bisher andere sogenannte Biomarker fehlen. Zusätzlich wird die Sonografie bei anderen rheumatologischen Systemerkrankungen, wie dem primären Sjögren-Syndrom zur Detektion von spezifischen Veränderungen der Speicheldrüsen sowie der Riesenzellarteriitis zur Entzündungsdetektion von Gefäßveränderungen insbesondere der A. temporalis und A. axillaris eingesetzt und hat damit einen bedeutenden Stellenwert in der rheumatologischen Diagnostik erlangt.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Sicherheitskultur und Burnout-Risiko: Eine Befragung nicht-ärztlicher Mitarbeiter im Rettungsdienst
Authors: Roth Karsten , Baier Natalie , Felgner Susanne , Busse Reinhard , Henschke Cornelia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ziel der Studie Stressoren wie die Sicherheitskultur in Organisationen, die das Risiko an Burnout zu erkranken erhöhen, wurden bisher in der stationären Versorgung und in der Pflege untersucht. Betrachtungen in der präklinischen Notfallversorgung liegen hingegen nur begrenzt vor. Ziel dieser Studie ist (1) die Untersuchung des Burnout-Risikos für nicht-ärztliche Mitarbeiter des Rettungsdienstes und ihrer Wahrnehmung der Sicherheitskultur sowie (2) deren Assoziation.
Methodik Unter Einsatz des Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) sowie des Emergency Medical Services Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (EMS-SAQ) wurde eine Online-Umfrage unter nicht-ärztlichen Mitarbeitern des Rettungsdienstes durchgeführt. Aufbauend auf einer deskriptiven Analyse mittels des Pearson-Korrelationskoeffizienten wurde ein logistisches Regressionsmodell verwendet, um den Zusammenhang zwischen der Sicherheitskultur und dem Burnout-Risiko zu untersuchen.
Ergebnisse Es wurden n=1101 Fragebögen für die Analyse berücksichtigt. Die Mehrheit der Teilnehmer ist männlich (86,2%) und jünger als 40 Jahre (73,2%). Die Teilnehmer zeigen für die Dimensionen emotionale Erschöpfung (EE) sowie Depersonalisierung (DP) ein hohes Risiko an Burnout zu erkranken (26,3 bzw. 40,2%). Im Rahmen der Erfassung der Sicherheitskultur werden im Besonderen das Management des Rettungsdienstbereiches, die Arbeitsbedingungen und das Sicherheitsklima von der Mehrheit der Teilnehmer als negativ wahrgenommen. Die Wahrnehmung von Stress (EE: OR=3,317, p<0,01; DP: OR=1,910, p<0,01), eine negative Arbeitszufriedenheit (EE: OR=0,297, p<0,01; DP: OR=0,576, p<0,01) sowie als schlecht empfundene Arbeitsbedingungen (EE: OR 0,598, p<0,05; DP: 0,937, p<0,05) sind signifikant in den Dimensionen EE und DP mit einem hohen Burnout-Risiko assoziiert.
Schlussfolgerung Diese Studie erhebt als erste in einem großen Umfang die Sicherheitskultur und das Burnout-Risiko bei nicht-ärztlichen Mitarbeitern im Rettungsdienst in Deutschland und untersucht deren Zusammenhang. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Notwendigkeit Faktoren der Sicherheitskultur in Organisationen in den Fokus zu rücken und Maßnahmen zu ergreifen, um den Stress für Mitarbeiter zu mildern sowie die Arbeitszufriedenheit und -bedingungen zu verbessern und damit einem Burnout der Mitarbeiter präventiv vorzubeugen. Dies ist v. a. in Anbetracht des stetig steigenden Fachkräftemangels und mit Blick auf Patientensicherheit und Ergebnisqualität in der Versorgung notwendig.
Atypische Infektionen unter Immunsuppression
Authors: Braner Axel 
Published: December 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGRasches Handeln ist gefragt, wenn der Verdacht auf eine Infektion bei einem immunsupprimierten Patienten besteht. Wenn es sich nicht gerade um einen tropischen Keim von der Kreuzfahrt bzw. den multiresistenten Keim von einem der letzten Klinikaufenthalte handelt – der Erreger ist meist nicht das Problem! Es ist seine Präsentation, die Ausprägung seiner klinischen Manifestation und seine Reaktion auf die Therapie, die für uns zur Herausforderung wird. Ist stets die Veränderung der Immunreaktion durch immer selektiver wirksame Biologika das Thema? Oder müssen wir uns erst mit den Reaktionen des innaten und adaptiven Immunsystems vertraut machen, um zu verstehen, was wir sehen?
Stroke and Thromboembolism in Warfarin-Treated Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Comparing the CHA2DS2-VASc and GARFIELD-AF Risk Scores
Authors: Rivera-Caravaca José Miguel , Proietti Marco , Esteve-Pastor María Asunción , Marín Francísco , Lip Gregory Y. H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Evaluation of thromboembolic risk is essential in anticoagulated atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The CHA2DS2-VASc score is largely validated and recommended by most guidelines. The GARFIELD-AF Stroke score has been proposed as an alternative risk score.
Methods We analyzed warfarin-treated patients from SPORTIF III and V studies. Any thromboembolic event (TE) was an adjudicated study outcome. We compared the two scores' capacity in predicting any TE occurrence.
Results A total of 3,665 patients (median [interquartile range] age: 72 [66–77] years; 30.5% female) were included in this analysis. After a mean (standard deviation) follow-up of 566.3 (142.5) days, 148 (4.03%) TEs were recorded. Both continuous CHA2DS2-VASc and GARFIELD-AF were associated with TE (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22–1.53 and HR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.72–3.42), with modest predictive ability (c-indexes: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.59–0.68 and 0.61, 95% CI: 0.56–0.66, respectively), with no differences. CHA2DS2-VASc quartiles showed an increasing cumulative risk, while in GARFIELD-AF only the highest quartile (Q4) demonstrated an increased TE risk. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, CHA2DS2-VASc quartiles were associated with increasing risk of TE, whereas for GARFIELD-AF only Q4 showed an association with TE. Discrimination analysis showed that GARFIELD-AF quartiles were associated with a 48.7% reduction in discriminatory ability. Using decision curve analysis, CHA2DS2-VASc was associated with improved clinical usefulness and net clinical benefit, compared with GARFIELD-AF.
Conclusion In a warfarin-treated trial cohort of AF patients, both CHA2DS2-VASc and GARFIELD-AF Stroke scores were associated with adjudicated TE events, with modest predictive capacity. The simpler CHA2DS2-VASc score improved discriminatory capacity compared with the more complex GARFIELD-AF score, demonstrating improved clinical usefulness and net clinical benefit.
Decreased Bleeding Rates in Patients with Hemophilia A Switching from Standard-Half-Life FVIII to BAY 94-9027 Prophylaxis
Authors: Mancuso Maria Elisa , Reding Mark T. , Negrier Claude , Kerlin Bryce A. , Rangarajan Savita , Simpson Mindy L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBAY 94-9027 (damoctocog alfa pegol, Jivi) is an extended-half-life recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII) shown to be well-tolerated and efficacious in bleeding prevention in previously treated patients with severe hemophilia A. During the PROTECT VIII study, prophylaxis patients received BAY 94-9027 at intervals determined based on their bleeding phenotype, observed during a 10-week run-in treatment period with twice-weekly dosing. Those with ≤ 1 spontaneous joint or muscle bleed were randomized to either 45 to 60 IU/kg every 5 days or 60 IU/kg every 7 days; patients could increase dosing frequency to every 5 days or twice weekly in the case of bleeds. Those enrolled after the randomization arms were full, and those with ≥ 2 bleeds in the run-in period, received 30 to 40 IU/kg twice weekly. Patients completing the main study could receive open-label BAY 94-9027 in the extension phase. Dosing regimen, total, and joint annualized bleeding rates were analyzed over three periods: prestudy, main study, and extension. A total of 80 patients who were on prophylaxis treatment prior to and during the study and had prior bleed data available were evaluated in this post hoc analysis of PROTECT VIII. Most patients (> 80%) required fewer infusions with BAY 94-9027 prophylaxis versus their previous standard-half-life (SHL) rFVIII product. Lower bleeding and joint bleeding rates were observed over time from the prestudy to the extension study period in all treatment regimens. Compared with SHL FVIII, BAY 94-9027 prophylaxis allows patients to reduce infusion frequency with maintained or improved protection from bleeds.
Does anodal tDCS improve basketball performance? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Veldema Jitka , Engelhardt Arne , Jansen Petra 
Published: December 2020

AbstractShooting precision as well as dribbling and agility are crucial components of performance in basketball. We examined the effects of anodal tDCS over the dominant primary motor cortex in supporting these basketball specific abilities. Fifty‐two sports students were enrolled in a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover trial with two interventions. Twenty minutes of anodal 1 mA tDCS/sham tDCS were applied over the primary motor cortex of the dominant hemisphere. Basketball shooting precision (basketball shooting accuracy test) and basketball specific dribbling and agility (Illinois ball‐dribbling test) were tested prior and after each intervention. Basketball shooting precision and basketball specific dribbling and agility improved after real tDCS but not after sham tDCS. ANOVAs show significant intervention*time effects on both the shooting accuracy test (F 1,51 = 5.6; P = 0.022) and on the Illinois ball‐dribbling test (F 1,51 = 4.5; P = 0.038). Anodal 1 mA tDCS over the dominant primary motor cortex is effective in supporting short‐term performance in basketball. However, the available data is insufficient for application of this novel method within the framework of conventional sports training.
Modeling solar illuminance during solar eclipses using solar image data
Authors: Muhamad Johan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
During a solar eclipse, the solar illuminance varies with time depending on the phase of the eclipse. Measuring the solar illuminance during a solar eclipse has been one of the most common projects conducted by students as well as amateur astronomers owing to the simplicity of its measurement. Despite extensive measurements conducted during previous eclipse events, only a few studies have presented methods for modeling the solar illuminance variations. In this study, we have proposed and compared several methods for modeling the variation in the normalized solar illuminance during solar eclipses by using the solar image data taken by spacecraft. We show that the solar continuum image data obtained by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft can be used for developing an ideal model for solar illuminance variation during a total and annular solar eclipse.
Linearity measurements of critical Johnson noise thermometer components with low-distortion multitones from a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer
Authors: Kraus M , Drung D , Krause C , Palafox L , Behr R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Quantum-based and low-distortion multitone signals from a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer are used to calibrate critical noise thermometer components between 8 and 240 kHz at increased input noise levels. The example signal path includes a 24-bit ΣΔ analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a prototype amplifier for Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt’s new noise thermometer. The signals consist of odd harmonics of the pattern repetition frequency with growing tone spacing, minimizing the influence of intermodulation distortion during calibration. After a detailed description of the calibration procedure, we compare the multitone spectra with growing tone spacing to ones with equally spaced tones. For the example signal path, gain nonlinearities better than ±2 µV V−1 at input rms noise levels between 9.7 and 465 µV are experimentally demonstrated. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of dither and applied offset voltage on the non-linearity of the ADC.
Polysomnographic characteristics and acoustic analysis of catathrenia (nocturnal groaning)
Authors: Yu Min , Wen Yongfei , Xu Liyue , Han Fang , Gao Xuemei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective: Catathrenia is a sleep disorder characterized by nocturnal groaning sounds emitted during prolonged expiration. As a rare condition, its polysomnographic findings were inconsistent. We aimed to present polysomnographic characteristics of catathrenia patients and perform acoustic analysis of groaning sounds. Approach: Twenty-three patients (eight males and 15 females) diagnosed with catathrenia by video-polysomnography were included. They underwent clinical evaluation and physical examination, and answered a questionnaire. Acoustic analyses (oscillograms and spectrograms) of catathrenia and snoring signals were performed by Praat 6.1.09. Sounds were classified according to Yanagihara criteria. Main results: The average age of catathrenia patients was 29.6 ± 10.0 years, with a body mass index of 22.3 ± 5.1 kg m−2. A total of 3728 groaning episodes were documented. Catathrenia events of 16 patients (70%) were rapid eye movement (REM)-predominant. The average duration of groaning was 11.4 ± 4.6 s, ranging from 1.3 to 74.9 s. All signals of groaning were rhythmic or semi-rhythmic, classified as type I and type II, respectively, with formants and harmonics. Snoring events were observed in nine patients. Snoring mainly occurred in the non-REM stage, with a duration of less than 1.5 s. Signals of snoring were chaotic, classified as type III, without harmonics. Significance: Catathrenia occurred in all sleep stages but mainly in REM. Durations of groaning varied greatly across patients. Acoustic characteristics of catathrenia were typical. Groaning had rhythmic or semi-rhythmic waveform, formants and harmonics, indicating vocal origin, while snoring had chaotic waveform.
Study of the effective surface plasmon in a nano-composite of silver nanoparticles with a host ZrO2 in one-dimensional ternary periodic structure for solar cell application
Authors: Singh Pawan , Nautiyal Vivek Kumar , Singh Neeraj , Thapa Khem B. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Effective surface plasmons for dielectric properties of nanocomposite (NC) with spherical silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in a host ZrO2 has investigated at different radii and filling fractions of nanoparticles (NPs) using the Maxwell-Garnett model. The optical properties of one-dimensional ternary periodic structure (1-DTPS) containing SiO2, TiO2, and NC with different parameters has investigated using the transfer matrix method (TMM). Moreover, the absorption properties of the considered structure for transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) have been studied at different incident angles and thicknesses of the NC layer. The dielectric and optical properties of the considered structure has affected by surface waves of dielectric layers as well as surface plasmons of Ag-NPs. The optical properties of the 1-DTPS for TE and TM modes has been studied with varying thicknesses of NC and angles of incidence wave. With the optimum values of the optical parameters of NC and Ag-NPs, the proposed ternary periodic structure may be used as a broadband absorber for solar cells.
Activity of Purchase of Flats in the Area of Public Urban Planning and Architecture Intervention
Authors: Foryś Iwona 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Urban space serves a variety of purposes, especially the public ones. The study of the literature suggests that the improvement of road infrastructure, the location of a new public transport network or the emergence of green areas in the city should increase the value of neighbouring real estate. The municipal authorities’ intervention in public space has a formal and legal dimension in the form of local land use plans. Since the planning arrangements are open, participants of the real estate market make their decisions rationally. Unfortunately, in practice the implementation of public tasks in urban space affects neighbouring residential properties: their attractiveness and, as a result, their market value. The article will analyse market effects on residential properties located in the vicinity of new investments such as public urban-architectural intervention. The research was conducted on the local market in Szczecin. The paper looks at changes in prices and activity of residential property buyers in the vicinity of new public investments in the period of 2005-2019. For this purpose, both statistical tools and methods of visualization of the studied phenomena were used.