bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing 2019 end of year summary: monitoring tissue oxygenation and perfusion and its autoregulation
Authors: Sahinovic M. M. , Vos J. J. , Scheeren T. W. L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTissue perfusion monitoring is increasingly being employed clinically in a non-invasive fashion. In this end-of-year summary of the Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing, we take a closer look at the papers published recently on this subject in the journal. Most of these papers focus on monitoring cerebral perfusion (and associated hemodynamics), using either transcranial doppler measurements or near-infrared spectroscopy. Given the importance of cerebral autoregulation in the analyses performed in most of the studies discussed here, this end-of-year summary also includes a short description of cerebral hemodynamic physiology and its autoregulation. Finally, we review articles on somatic tissue oxygenation and its possible association with outcome.
How much is too much? The difference between research influence and self-citation excess
Authors: Szomszor Martin , Pendlebury David A. , Adams Jonathan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCitations can be an indicator of publication significance, utility, attention, visibility or short-term impact but analysts need to confirm whether a high citation count for an individual is a genuine reflection of influence or a consequence of extraordinary, even excessive, self-citation. It has recently been suggested there may be increasing misrepresentation of research performance by individuals who self-cite inordinately to achieve scores and win rewards. In this paper we consider self-referencing and self-citing, describe the typical shape of self-citation patterns for carefully curated publication sets authored by 3517 Highly Cited Researchers and quantify the variance in the distribution of self-citation rates within and between all 21 Essential Science Indicators’ fields. We describe both a generic level of median self-referencing rates, common to most fields, and a graphical, distribution-driven assessment of excessive self-citation that demarcates a threshold not dependent on statistical tests or percentiles (since for some fields all values are within a central ‘normal’ range). We describe this graphical procedure for identifying exceptional self-citation rates but emphasize the necessity for expert interpretation of the citation profiles of specific individuals, particularly in fields with atypical self-citation patterns.
Characterization of Pb-Bearing Minerals in Polluted Soils from Closed Mine Sites
Authors: Hoshino Mihoko , Zhang Ming , Suzuki Masaya , Tsukimura Katsuhiro , Ohta Masaaki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLead is a toxic metal, and its characterization in contaminated soils is crucial to the success of a remediation, especially for the soil washing, one of most commonly used technologies. In this study, we propose a convenient approach that combines sedimentary hydro-classification with semi-quantitative powder X-ray diffraction analysis for characterizing the Pb-bearing minerals in soils. The approach was applied to two samples (YYm and YYu-1) collected from a closed Cu–Pb–Zn mine in the Tohoku region of Japan. The samples were taken from adjacent areas but had different appearances (YYm was a gray soil and YYu-1 was a creamy colored soil). The coarser YYm fractions had higher Pb contents than the finer YYm fractions, but the finer YYu-1 fractions (diameters < 32 μm) had higher Pb contents than the coarser YYu-1 fractions. The semi-quantitative powder X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the main Pb-containing minerals in the YYm and YYu-1 samples were galena and plumbojarosite, respectively. Tessier sequential extractions were also performed, and 1 M sodium acetate leached 21% and 65% of the Pb from the YYm and YYu-1 samples, respectively. This suggested that most of the Pb in the YYu-1 sample was ion-exchangeable and was more easily leached compared with that in the YYm sample. The findings indicate that it is important to accurately characterize the Pb-bearing minerals (especially naturally occurring Pb) present in contaminated soils before selecting appropriate remediation techniques and conditions.
Correction to: The structure–activity relationship review of the main bioactive constituents of Morus genus plants
Authors: Yan Jiejing , Ruan Jingya , Huang Peijian , Sun Fan , Zheng Dandan , Zhang Yi , Wang Tao 
Published: April 2020

The article The structure–activity relationship review of the main bioactive constituents of Morus genus plants, written by Jiejing Yan, Jingya Ruan, Peijian Huang, Fan Sun, Dandan Zheng, Yi Zhang and Tao Wang was originally published Online First without Open Access.
Catchment-scale multi-process modeling with local time stepping
Authors: van den Bout Bastian , Jetten V. G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNumerical modeling is an important tool for prediction, analysis and understanding of the dynamics of land surface processes. To increase the usage and impact of such tools, it is crucial to decrease runtime by increasing computational efficiency. Dynamic processes such as water flow are typically described by higher-order differential equations. Solving these accurately requires numerical integration over time, where numerical errors depend on the time steps taken. Typically, flow simulation use the smallest required time steps in a model’s domain to simulate flow. In this paper, we analyze the usage of local time stepping, for catchment-scale simulation of land surface processes such as water flow, infiltration, slope stability and landslide runout. In such a scheme, temporal integration is cell specific, allowing for higher numerical efficiency. The implemented scheme works with fully free local time steps that are synchronized only for visualization. We implement this method in a monotonic upwind scheme for conservation laws (MUSCL). We investigate the influence on stability and the resulting changes in computation time and accuracy in a hydrology-coupled, catchment-scale flood simulation. Results show that local time stepping can be implemented in a total variation diminishing (TVD) numerical scheme that is second-order spatially accurate. Simulation results in both 1D dam-break scenarios and catchment-scale flash flood scenarios show insignificant changes in modeling result, while computation time reduces with over 50%. Finally, the method is successfully implemented in a multi-process lands surface model with hydrology, flooding, slope failure, and runout. The implementation of a local time stepping for computation of dynamic land surface processes could be implemented widely for increased computational efficiency without significant loss of accuracy.
Application of isotopic and geochemical studies to explain the origin and formation of mineral waters of Staraya Russa Spa, NW Russia
Authors: Vinograd Natalia , Porowski Adam 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThere are two main types of mineral waters used in the Staraya Russa spa: (1) the saline waters of the Middle and Upper Devonian Arukjula–Shventoy aquifer with isotopic composition of δ18O from − 10.7 to − 11.3‰ and δ2H from − 81.3 to − 85‰ and (2) the brackish waters of the Upper Devonian Sargayev–Daugava aquifer with isotopic composition of δ18O from − 12.5 to − 12.9‰ and δ2H from − 93.0 to − 94.1‰. Hydrogeological conditions within the spa and its vicinity are complex due to hydraulic contacts between artesian aquifers and the saline waters ascension into shallower fresh water aquifers. The studies revealed that saline waters of the Arukjula–Shventoy aquifer are mixtures of approximately equal fractions (0.5) of snow melt water of δ18O around − 21.7‰ and seawater-like end-member of isotopic composition similar to modern ocean water (i.e. VSMOW). The brackish waters of the Sargayev–Daugava aquifer are result of mixing between infiltration waters and saline waters ascending from deeper Arukjula–Shventoy aquifer, the fraction of saline water may reach from around 0.2 to 0.4. The sulfur (δ34S) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopic composition of sulfates dissolved in mineral waters indicate that their source is connected with marine sulfates. The ionic ratios of major chemical compounds corroborate the presence of the connate seawater-like component in the hydrogeological system, which is responsible for the observed chemical composition of mineral waters extracted in Staraya Russa spa.
Impaired breathing, sleeping, vitality, and depression, and negative impact of L-T4 treatment characterize health-related quality of life in older people with stable CVD
Authors: Ojala Anna K. , Sintonen Harri , Roine Risto P. , Strandberg Timo E. , Schalin-Jäntti Camilla 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and thyroid dysfunction are common in older people, but little is known about how they affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods
We assessed HRQoL with the 15D instrument in 329 home-dwelling patients aged ≥ 75 years with stable CVD and compared the results to those of an age- and gender-matched general population (n = 103). We also studied the impact of age, BMI, number of medications, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration, levothyroxine (L-T4) substitution and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) on HRQoL.

Results
Overall HRQoL was impaired in older people with stable CVD (mean 15D score 0.777 vs 0.801, p = 0.001), and also on single dimensions of breathing, sleeping, discomfort and symptoms, distress, vitality (all p < 0.001), and depression (p = 0.016) compared to the age- and gender-matched general population. Furthermore, in the patients, L-T4 substitution associated with impaired sleeping (p = 0.018) and sexual activity (p = 0.030). Moreover, MMSE points, number of medications used, age (all p < 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.009) predicted impaired HRQoL.

Conclusions
Older people with stable CVD are characterized by impaired HRQoL compared to age- and gender-matched controls. We demonstrate that this is the consequence of impaired breathing, sleeping, discomfort and symptoms, distress, vitality, and depression. L-T4 substitution has a negative impact on HRQoL in old patients with stable CVD. MMSE score, number of medications, age and BMI predict worse HRQoL.
Modeling the Contribution of Poroelastic Deformation to Postseismic Geodetic Signals
Authors: McCormack Kimberly , Hesse Marc A. , Dixon Timothy , Malservisi Rocco 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo constrain the poroelastic component of postseismic deformation, we model the subsurface hydrologic response to the Mw 7.6 subduction zone earthquake that occurred on the plate interface beneath the Nicoya peninsula in Costa Rica on 5 September 2012. The model shows that poroelastic relaxation occurs on multiple time scales and the associated deformation can be up to 2 cm for the trench‐perpendicular component. By modeling the time‐dependent deformation associated with poroelastic relaxation, we can begin to remove its contribution from the observed geodetic signal. Inversions for after slip that ignore poroelastic deformation have errors of 10–20% overall and up to 50% locally. Poroelastic effects can both mute and amplify the inferred afterslip.
The Madden‐Julian Oscillation Affects Maize Yields Throughout the Tropics and Subtropics
Authors: Anderson W. B. , Han E. , Baethgen W. , Goddard L. , Muñoz Á. G. , Robertson A. W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnderstanding what causes weather‐related stresses that lead to crop failures is a critical step toward stabilizing global food production. While there are many sources of weather‐related stresses, the 30–60 days of Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) is the dominant source of subseasonal climate variability in the tropics, making it a potential—but as of yet unexplored—source of crop yield anomalies. Here crop models and observational yield statistics are used to assess whether the MJO affects maize yields. We find that the influence of the MJO is widespread; it can increase or reduce maize yields throughout the tropics. In dry, hot environments the MJO can reduce maize yields by reducing precipitation, decreasing soil moisture, and increasing extreme heat, while in wetter, cooler environments—where water stress is less common—MJO‐forced decreases in rainfall bring increases in solar radiation that benefits maize yields. These results provide a pathway to develop actionable early warnings using subseasonal forecasts.
Constraining Uncertainty in Aerosol Direct Forcing
Authors: Watson‐Parris D. , Bellouin N. , Deaconu L. T. , Schutgens N. A. J. , Yoshioka M. , Regayre L. A. , Pringle K. J. , Johnson J. S. , Smith C. J. , Carslaw K. S. , Stier P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe uncertainty in present‐day anthropogenic forcing is dominated by uncertainty in the strength of the contribution from aerosol. Much of the uncertainty in the direct aerosol forcing can be attributed to uncertainty in the anthropogenic fraction of aerosol in the present‐day atmosphere, due to a lack of historical observations. Here, we present a robust relationship between total present‐day aerosol optical depth and the anthropogenic contribution across three multimodel ensembles and a large single‐model perturbed parameter ensemble. Using observations of aerosol optical depth, we determine a reduced likely range of the anthropogenic component and hence a reduced uncertainty in the direct forcing of aerosol.
Magnetofossil Abundance and Diversity as Paleoenvironmental Proxies: A Case Study From Southwest Iberian Margin Sediments
Authors: He Kuang , Pan Yongxin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt is still contentious how the abundance and diversity of magnetofossils reflect varying paleoenvironmental conditions. Here, we apply rock magnetic methods and transmission electron microscopy to identify magnetofossils in the core MD01‐2444 from the southwestern Iberian margin during the period 49.6–18.5 ka and 193.8–171.7 ka. Results show a correlation between the biogenic magnetite component and contrasting paleoenvironmental conditions. Specifically, remanence ratio (Mrs/Ms), the ratio of anhysteretic susceptibility (χARM) to saturation isothermal remanant magnetization (SIRM), fractions of biogenic soft and biogenic hard components (BS + BH), and delta–delta ratio (δFC/δZFC) have a negative relationship with planktonic δ18O, suggesting that more magnetofossils existed in sediments during warmer periods. Combining transmission electron microscopy images with paleoenvironmental proxies, we found that the proportions of bullet‐shaped magnetofossils increased in a warmer and less oxic environment, while isotropic shapes dominated in cooler and oxic environments.
Evidence of a Supershear Transition Across a Fault Stepover
Authors: Kehoe H. L. , Kiser E. D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSupershear earthquakes, propagating faster than the Earth's shear wave velocity, can generate strong ground motion at distances far from the ruptured fault. Despite the hazards associated with these earthquakes, the exact fault properties that govern their occurrence are not well constrained. Although early studies associated supershear ruptures with simple fault geometries, recent dynamic rupture models have revealed a supershear transition mechanism over complex fault geometries such as fault stepovers. Here we present the first observation of a supershear transition on a fault stepover system during the 2017 Mw 7.7 Komandorsky Islands earthquake. Using a high‐resolution back‐projection technique, we find that the earthquake's rupture velocity accelerates from 2.1 to 5.0 km/s between two offset faults, demonstrating the viability of a new supershear transition mechanism occurring in nature. Given the fault complexity of the Earth's transform plate boundaries, this result may improve our understanding of supershear rupture processes and their associated hazards.
Singing Comet Waves in a Solar Wind Convective Electric Field Frame
Authors: Goetz C. , Plaschke F. , Taylor M. G. G. T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe cometary plasma environment at low gas production rates is dominated by highly compressional, large‐amplitude magnetic field waves in the 10–100 mHz range. They are thought to be caused by an ion‐Weibel instability due to a cross‐field current, which is caused by the cometary ions that are accelerated along the solar wind convective electric field. We devise a new method to determine the location of the wave source, the wave power, frequency, and bandwidth. It is found that the wave occurs everywhere in the coma, regardless of electric field direction. There is no correlation between the wave frequency and the measured plasma density. This is not in agreement with previous studies. A dependence of the frequency on the position of the spacecraft in a comet‐fixed frame is in agreement with the prediction from the ion‐Weibel instability. We infer a wave generation region much larger than the cometocentric distances covered by Rosetta.
Thermodynamics-based Cognitive Demodulation for 'THz Torch' Wireless Communications Links
Authors: Ren Hang , Lucyszyn Stepan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe low-cost ‘THz Torch’ technology, which exploits the thermal infrared spectrum (ca. 10 to 100 THz), was recently introduced to provide secure low data rate communications links across short distances. In this paper, a thermodynamics-based approach is proposed for greatly enhancing the sensitivity of detection with non-stationary thermal radiation, generated by thermal emitters that have been modulated well beyond their thermal time constants. Here, cognitive demodulation is employed and, unlike all previous demonstrators, allows truly asynchronous operation by dynamically predicting the thermal transients for the next bit to be received. The result is a five-fold increase in the reported operational figure of merit (Range × Bit Rate) for ‘THz Torch’ wireless communications links. A single-channel (2 m × 125 bps) prototype and an 8-channel frequency-division multiplexed (0.5 m × 1,000 bps) prototype are demonstrated as proof-of-principle exemplars for the enhanced method of demodulation. Measurements show superior bit error rate performance with an increase in range and bit rate, when compared with conventional threshold detection. This work represents a paradigm shift in thermal-based modulation-demodulation of digital data, and offers a practical solution for the implementation of future ubiquitous secure ‘THz Torch’ wireless communications links; as well as other applications.
Association between Stress Urinary Incontinence and Depressive Symptoms after Birth: the Czech ELSPAC Study
Authors: Jurášková Miluše , Piler Pavel , Kukla Lubomír , Švancara Jan , Daňsová Petra , Hruban Lukáš , Kandrnal Vít , Pikhart Hynek 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe study objectives were to (1) identify risk factors related to stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and postnatal depression (PD) after birth, and (2) investigate both possible directions of association between SUI and PD in population-based sample of Czech mothers. 3,701 nulliparous and multiparous women completed the self-reported questionnaires at 6 weeks and 6 months after birth and were included into the analyses of this prospective cohort study. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regressions examined relationship between SUI a PD accounting for range of other risk factors. During the first 6 months after birth, 650 mothers (17.6%) developed SUI and 641 (17.3%) displayed signs of PD. The mode of delivery, parity and higher BMI were associated with SUI. The rate of PD symptoms was higher in mothers with positive history of prenatal depression, and in divorced or widowed mothers. Both conditions were associated with worse self-reported health, back pain and stop-smoker status. Initially, SUI at 6 weeks was slightly, but significantly associated with onset of PD at 6 months (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.02–2.23) while PD at 6 weeks was not significantly related to new cases of SUI at 6 months (OR 1.48, 95% CI 0.91–2.39). After full adjustment these OR reduced to 1.41 and 1.38 (both non-significant), respectively. SUI and PD are common conditions in women postpartum that share some risk factors. Our study suggests that both directions of their relationship are possible although a larger study is needed to confirm our findings.
Structure-based engineering of anti-GFP nanobody tandems as ultra-high-affinity reagents for purification
Authors: Zhang Ziyue , Wang Yao , Ding Yu , Hattori Motoyuki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGreen fluorescent proteins (GFPs) are widely used in biological research. Although GFP can be visualized easily, its precise manipulation through binding partners is still burdensome because of the limited availability of high-affinity binding partners and related structural information. Here, we report the crystal structure of GFPuv in complex with the anti-GFP nanobody LaG16 at 1.67 Å resolution, revealing the details of the binding between GFPuv and LaG16. The LaG16 binding site was on the opposite side of the GFP β-barrel from the binding site of the GFP-enhancer, another anti-GFP nanobody, indicating that the GFP-enhancer and LaG16 can bind to GFP together. Thus, we further designed 3 linkers of different lengths to fuse LaG16 and GFP-enhancer together, and the GFP binding of the three constructs was further tested by ITC. The construct with the (GGGGS)4linker had the highest affinity with a KDof 0.5 nM. The GFP-enhancer-(GGGGS)4-LaG16 chimeric nanobody was further covalently linked to NHS-activated agarose and then used in the purification of a GFP-tagged membrane protein, GFP-tagged zebrafish P2X4, resulting in higher yield than purification with the GFP-enhancer nanobody alone. This work provides a proof of concept for the design of ultra-high-affinity binders of target proteins through dimerized nanobody chimaeras, and this strategy may also be applied to link interesting target protein nanobodies without overlapping binding surfaces.
Usefulness of Denoising Process to Depict Myopic Choroidal Neovascularisation Using a Single Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Image
Authors: Sawai Yuka , Miyata Manabu , Uji Akihito , Ooto Sotaro , Tamura Hiroshi , Ueda-Arakawa Naoko , Muraoka Yuki , Miyake Masahiro , Takahashi Ayako , Kawashima Yu , Kadomoto Shin , Oritani Yasuyuki , Kawai Kentaro , Yamashiro Kenji , Tsujikawa Akitaka 
Published: April 2020

AbstractQuality of single optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images of myopic choroidal neovascularisation (mCNV) is poorer than in averaged images, although obtaining averaged images takes much time. This study evaluated the clinical usefulness of novel denoising process for depicting mCNV. This study included 20 eyes of 20 patients with mCNV. Ten en face images taken in a 3 × 3 mm macular cube were obtained from outer-retina-to-choriocapillaris layer. Three image types were prepared for analysis; single images before and after the denoising process accomplished deep learning (single and denoising groups, respectively) and up to 10 images were averaged (averaging group). Pairwise comparisons showed vessel density, vessel length density, and fractal dimension (FD) were higher; whereas, vessel density index (VDI) was lower in single group than in denoising and averaging groups. Detectable CNV indices, contrast-to-nose ratio, and CNV diagnostic scores were higher in denoising and averaging groups than in single group. No significant differences were detected in VDI, FD, or CNV diagnostic scores between denoising and averaging groups. The denoising process can utilise single OCTA images to provide results comparable to averaged OCTA images, which is clinically useful for shortening examination times with quality similar to averaging.