bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Oral to Parenteral Anticoagulants: Strategies for Inpatient Transition
Authors: Lopez Chelsea N. , Succar Luma , Varnado Sara , Donahue Kevin R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe primary objective of this study was to describe the impact on bleeding rates of 2 different strategies for transitioning from a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) to a parenteral anticoagulant: a delayed, clinically driven strategy versus the standard per‐package‐insert strategy. This was a single‐center descriptive cohort study conducted at a large academic medical center. Included patients were 18 years or older, admitted as an inpatient, and had received at least 1 dose of a DOAC prior to initiation of therapeutic parenteral anticoagulation. The primary end point was the incidence of major bleeds on the transition from a DOAC to a parenteral anticoagulant via a standard versus an intentionally delayed strategy. The secondary outcomes evaluated renal function, reason for delay, DOAC anti–factor Xa concentration, international normalized ratio values, blood product administration, and thrombotic complications. A total of 300 patients were included. The primary end point of bleeding was higher in the delayed group than the standard group, 25% and 12%, respectively (odds ratio, 0.39; P < .05). In both groups, patients who bled had a higher severity of illness, a greater incidence of acute kidney injury, and, when available, higher median DOAC anti–factor Xa concentrations. Despite a more conservative approach, patients in the delayed group experienced more bleeding, most likely attributable to a higher severity of illness, which highlights emerging challenges of inpatient anticoagulation management. Further prospective studies analyzing DOAC pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in acutely ill patients are warranted.
PR domaincontaining protein 12 (prdm12) is a downstream target of the transcription factor zic1 during cellular differentiation in the central nervous system
Authors: Rahman Md Mahfujur , Kim In‐Shik , Ahn Dongchoon , Tae Hyun‐Jin , Park Byung‐Yong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTranscription factor zic1 is an important regulator of neural plate patterning, formation of neural crest and cerebellar development, where its main function is neuronal cell differentiation. Among the genes identified, PR domain‐containing 12 (prdm12) is a member of the prdm family and is expressed in the placode domain in the neurula stage. prdm12 is distinctly expressed in the dorsal part of the midbrain, trigeminal ganglion, and the motor neuron in the spinal cord. prdm12 knockdown results in the ventralization of the neural tube. zic1 knockdown results in the reduction of prdm12 expression in the midbrain, motor neuron and trigeminal ganglion, and overexpression of zic1 results in the expansion of prdm12 expression in the midbrain. zic1‐activated wnt signaling is also a regulator of prdm12 expression in the midbrain. We propose that prdm12 is the downstream of zic1 and a novel player in the gene regulatory network controlling brain cell differentiation, along with some ganglions in Xenopus.
Green synthesis and investigation of antioxidant ability new pyrazines containing pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinolines derivatives
Authors: Moghaddas Seyyed Ali , Hossaini Zinatossadat , Zareyee Daryoush 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, a new, easy and high yield procedure is investigated for the generation of pyrazine containing pyrrolo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline derivatives using multicomponent reaction of phthalaldehyde or its derivatives, primary amines, α‐haloalketones, electron deficient acetylenic compounds, ammonium acetate and KF/Clinoptilolite nanoparticles (KF/CP NPs) as catalyst in water at room temperature. The reactions of 2‐hydroxy phthalaldehyde, primary amines, α‐haloketones, electron deficient acetylenic compounds, and ammonium acetate in the presence of KF/CP NPs as catalyst in water at room temperature produce pyrazine derivatives in good yields. Also, in this work, antioxidant ability was studied for a number of prepared compounds employing the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and power of compounds for reducing of ferric ion experiments and evaluating results with synthetic antioxidants (TBHQ and BHT). Comfortable, simple, fast and fresh procedure is the advantages of this study.
Curcumin inhibits CT26 cells metastasis by decreasing heparanase expression
Authors: Li Shanshan , Fu Hui , Wang Yiyang , Wang Li , Jia Beitian , Bian Yuhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that heparanase (HPSE) is related to tumor metastasis and curcumin (CCM) inhibits tumor metastasis by down-regulating HPSE expression. MTT, Transwell assays, and RT-PCR were used to study the effects of CCM on the migration and invasion of CT26 cells and the expression of HPSE. CT26 cells were transfected with lentivirus to establish HPSE-overexpressing cells (OE) and corresponding negative control cells (NC). Signal pathways involved in down-regulating the expression of HPSE and inhibiting the migration and invasion of CT26 cells by CCM were screened by the liquid crystal chip. HPSE promoted CT26 cells migration and invasion, and CCM inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of CT26 cells. The results of RT-PCR indicated that CCM down-regulated HPSE expression. Liquid phase microarray showed that CCM inhibited the phosphorylation of P38 and STAT5 in CT26 cells and NC cells. In contrast, the inhibitory function of CCM was markedly enhanced when HPSE was overexpressed (P &lt; 0.05). In short, HPSE is closely related to metastasis of colon cancer cells. CCM inhibits colon cancer cell migration and invasion by inhibiting HPSE expression, which may be related to P38 MAPK and JAK/STAT5 signal pathways.
Individualised selection of left‐sided breast cancer patients for proton therapy based on cost‐effectiveness
Authors: Austin Annabelle M. , Douglass Michael J.J. , Nguyen Giang T. , Cunningham Lisa , Le Hien , Hu Yvonne , Penfold Scott N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe significantly greater cost of proton therapy compared with X‐ray therapy is frequently justified by the expected reduction in normal tissue toxicity. This is often true for indications such as paediatric and skull base cancers. However, the benefit is less clear for other more common indications such as breast cancer, and it is possible that the degree of benefit may vary widely between these patients. The aim of this work was to demonstrate a method of individualised selection of left‐sided breast cancer patients for proton therapy based on cost‐effectiveness of treatment.Methods16 left‐sided breast cancer patients had a treatment plan generated for the delivery of intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) and of intensity‐modulated photon therapy (IMRT) with the deep inspiration breath‐hold (DIBH) technique. The resulting dosimetric data was used to predict probabilities of tumour control and toxicities for each patient. These probabilities were used in a Markov model to predict costs and the number of quality‐adjusted life years expected as a result of each of the two treatments.ResultsIMPT was not cost‐effective for the majority of patients but was cost‐effective where there was a greater risk reduction of second malignancies with IMPT.ConclusionThe Markov model predicted that IMPT with DIBH was only cost‐effective for selected left‐sided breast cancer patients where IMRT resulted in a significantly greater dose to normal tissue. The presented model may serve as a means of evaluating the cost‐effectiveness of IMPT on an individual patient basis.
Do corticosterone levels predict female depressive‐like behavior in rodents?
Authors: Kokras Nikolaos , Krokida Stephanie , Varoudaki Theoni Zoi , Dalla Christina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDysregulation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is often linked to the neurobiology of depression, though the presence and type of this dysregulation is not a consistent finding. Meanwhile, significant sex differences exist regarding depression and the HPA axis. Animal models of depression simulate certain aspects of the human disease and aim to advance our knowledge regarding its neurobiology and discover new antidepressant treatments. Most animal models of depression induce a depressive‐like phenotype taking advantage of stressful experimental conditions, that also increase corticosterone, the main stress hormone in rodents. In this review we present inconsistent results in male and female rodents regarding the interaction between the depressive‐like behavioral phenotype and corticosterone. In commonly used models, the female depressive‐like phenotype in rodents seems significantly less dependent on the stress hormone corticosterone, whereas the male behavioral response is more evident and associates with variations of corticosterone. Further research and clarification of this sex‐dependent interaction will have significant ramifications on the improvement of the validity of animal models of depression.
Growth and nutrient uptake of temperate perennial pastures are influenced by grass species and fertilisation with a microbial consortium inoculant
Authors: Tshewang Sangay , Rengel Zed , Siddique Kadambot H. M. , Solaiman Zakaria M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground: The low fertility of sandy soils in South‐Western Australia is challenging for the establishment of temperate perennial pastures.Aims: To assess whether microbial consortium inoculant may improve plant growth by increasing nutrient supply, root biomass and nutrient uptake capacity.Methods: Five temperate perennial pasture grasses–cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L. cv. Howlong), phalaris (Phalaris aquatica L. cv. Atlas PG), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L. cv. Prosper), tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum L. cv. Dundas), and veldt grass (Ehrharta calycina Sm. cv. Mission) were tested in a controlled environment on the growth and nutrition with the microbial consortium inoculant and rock mineral fertiliser.Results: Veldt grass produced the highest shoot and root growth, while tall fescue yielded the lowest. Rock mineral fertiliser with or without microbial consortium inoculant significantly increased root and shoot biomass production across the grass species. The benefit of microbial consortium inoculation applied in conjunction with rock mineral fertiliser was significant regarding shoot N content in tall wheatgrass, cocksfoot and tall fescue. Shoot P and K concentrations also increased in the five grass species by microbial consortium inoculation combined with rock mineral fertiliser in comparison with the control treatment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonisation decreased with rock mineral fertilisation with or without microbial consortium inoculant except in cocksfoot.Conclusions: The response to microbial consortium inoculation, either alone or in combination with rock mineral fertiliser, was plant species‐dependent, indicating its potential use in pasture production.
Leading spectral moments for easy computation of pressure effects on rotational lines
Authors: Sokolov Andrei , Kouzov Alexander , Buldyreva Jeanna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractExplicit classical‐limit formulae for two leading spectral moments characterizing the anisotropy of the interaction potential are derived for fast collisions of linear rotators in the binary regime. With the help of these moments, model Fourier‐transforms of the time‐correlation functions comprising non‐Markovian effects are restored, which enables a novel and straight approach to pressure transformation of broad spectral bands and pressure‐broadening characteristics of (vib)rotational spectral lines, as demonstrated on a simple Markov‐limit example of isotropic and anisotropic Raman line widths of molecular nitrogen.
Surgical management of appendiceal mucinous neoplasm: Is appendectomy sufficient?
Authors: Young Stephanie , Sueda Stefanie K. , Hotta Mayo , Sung Michael L. , OʼConnor Victoria V. , Leung Anna M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDue to the rarity of appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMNs), there are few established treatment guidelines. The clinical course varies from incidental detection to progressive spread with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). This study investigated the extent of resection on the prognosis and outcomes of AMNs.MethodsThis multicenter retrospective study evaluated patients with AMN who underwent surgery between 4/2006 to 9/2017. Primary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS). Secondary endpoints included PMP incidence and treatment with cytoreductive surgery (CRS).ResultsOf the 138 patients with AMN, 70 patients (54%) underwent appendectomy, 26 (19%) cecectomy, and 37 (27%) right hemicolectomy. The median age was 59.7 years and 57 patients (41%) were male. Males were less likely to undergo cecectomy (P = .03). Rupture rates, tumor characteristics, and incidence of PMP were similar across surgery groups. Median follow‐up was 61.3 months. Five‐year OS and DSS for the total cohort were 94.9% and 98.6%, respectively, and remained similar across all surgery groups. CRS patients were more likely to undergo right hemicolectomy with no difference in survival by surgery type (P = .03).ConclusionsPatients with AMN have a good overall prognosis and there may be minimal benefit to performing extended surgical resection in these patients.
Photonic Metasurfaces as Relativistic Light Sails for Doppler‐Broadened Stable Beam‐Riding and Radiative Cooling
Authors: Salary Mohammad Mahdi , Mosallaei Hossein 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, an all‐dielectric photonic metasurface with a flat macroscopic geometry is shown to provide a viable solution toward realization of a relativistic light sail driven by radiation pressure from high‐power lasers offering passive beam‐riding stability, efficient acceleration, and radiative cooling is demonstrated. A critical challenge that is addressed is sustaining acceleration and stability over the Doppler‐broadened propulsion band which is crucial for achieving relativistic velocities and requires the metasurface to maintain a high reflectivity and wide phase coverage over a broad bandwidth. For this purpose, a zero‐contrast dielectric metasurface consisting of a graded pattern of c‐Si nanodisks connected by a thin matched sublayer on top of a thin silica layer, featuring an average areal mass density of 0.54 g m−2 is used. The nanostructured silicon layer is mainly responsible for efficient acceleration and self‐stabilization of beam‐riding while the thin silica layer enhances the thermal emissivity to preserve the integrity of meta‐sail under intense illumination power via radiative cooling. The role of phase gradient, nanocraft center of mass, Doppler shift, and chromatic dispersion on the interplay between stability and acceleration of the meta‐sail is identified. Moreover, motion trajectory and local steady‐state temperature of the meta‐sail during acceleration are estimated.
Graphs encoding the generating properties of a finite group
Authors: Acciarri Cristina , Lucchini Andrea 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAssume that G is a finite group. For every , we define a graph whose vertices correspond to the elements of and in which two tuples and are adjacent if and only if . We study several properties of these graphs (isolated vertices, loops, connectivity, diameter of the connected components) and we investigate the relations between their properties and the group structure, with the aim of understanding which information about G is encoded by these graphs.
NIR Sensitizer Operating under Long Wavelength (1064 nm) for Free Radical Photopolymerization Processes
Authors: Mokbel Haifaa , Graff Bernadette , Dumur Frédéric , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFree radical polymerization upon near‐infrared (NIR) light is still the subject of intense research efforts and remains a huge challenge particularly for long wavelengths (>1000 nm). In this study, a NIR sensitizer operating upon long wavelength (1064 nm) is proposed for an efficient polymerization of acrylate monomers. A new three‐component photoinitiating system is developed comprising the NIR sensitizer in combination with an Iodonium salt (Iod) and an amine. Remarkably, the NIR sensitizer (IR 1064) absorbing strongly in all the near infrared region (700–1200 nm) offers the possibility to use a broad range of irradiation wavelengths, i.e., examples are provided at 785 and 1064 nm. Such long wavelengths are characterized by many advantages such as a deeper penetration of light and therefore a better curing of the monomer but it is also much safer than UV light. Excellent performance is observed for the three‐component IR 1064/Iod/Amine system under air: high conversion of acrylate functions associated with a fast polymerization time. The use of IR 1064 as NIR sensitizer with a broad NIR absorption is—to the best of current knowledge—never proposed in the literature. The photoinitiating performances are studied using real‐time Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Hypocaloric Low‐Carbohydrate and Low‐Fat Diets with Fixed Protein Lead to Similar Health Outcomes in Obese Mice
Authors: Minderis Petras , Fokin Andrej , Dirmontas Mantas , Ratkevicius Aivaras 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveIt is controversial whether low‐carbohydrate diets are better suited for weight control and metabolic health than high‐carbohydrate diets. This study examined whether these diets induce different improvements in body composition and glucose tolerance in obese mice during caloric restriction (CR).MethodsMale C57BL/6J mice were fed an obesogenic diet ad libitum for 18 weeks and then subjected to 6‐week progressive CR of up to 40%, using either a low‐fat or low‐carbohydrate diet with equal protein content. Mice fed a regular chow diet ad libitum served as controls. Body mass, hindlimb muscle mass, fat mass, energy expenditure, and glucose tolerance were compared between the groups.ResultsInitially low‐fat and low‐carbohydrate groups had similar body mass, which was 30% greater compared with controls. CR induced similar weight loss in low‐fat and low‐carbohydrate groups. This weight loss was mainly due to fat loss in both groups. Energy expenditure of freely moving mice did not differ between the groups. Glucose tolerance improved compared with the values before CR and in controls but did not differ between the diets.ConclusionsDietary carbohydrate or fat content does not affect improvements in body composition and metabolic health in obese mice exposed to CR with fixed energy and protein intake.
Randomized optimal consensus of multiagent systems based on a novel intermittent projected subgradient algorithm
Authors: Shi Zhengqing , Zhou Chuan 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this article, a novel intermittent projected subgradient algorithm is presented to solve the randomized optimal consensus problem for heterogeneous multiagent systems with time‐varying communication topologies. The multiagent systems achieve the consensus meanwhile minimizing the global objective function via the proposed algorithm, where fi(x) is the convex objective function of agent i itself. Due to the common Bernoulli distribution adopted in the existing random optimization algorithm without considering the different computing capability of each agent. An individual projection probability is assigned for each agent based on computing capabilities so that either making projection or taking average is chosen according to the above probability which can effectively avoid overload for some agents with lower computing capabilities and improve the reliability of the overall systems. A new sufficient step‐size condition is given to ensure all agents converge to the optimal solution with probability one. Finally, a numerical example is also given to validate the proposed method.
Effect of shear on nucleation of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites: Experiments and modeling
Authors: Fang Haidong , Li Zheng , Wang Xinyu , Gu Junfeng , Ruan Shilun , Shen Changyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, shear‐induced crystallization of short carbon fiber (SCF)‐reinforced isotactic polypropylene (iPP) composite was investigated using polarized optical microscopy (POM) and rheometry. Although the SCF exhibited no nucleation ability to iPP in the quiescent melt under the chosen conditions, different interfacial morphologies were observed after shear was applied. The POM results revealed that the crystallite morphologies along the SCF strongly depended on the shear rate () and shear duration. A nucleation kinetics model was proposed to determine how shear affects the fraction of SCF covered with transcrystalline. The nucleation rate on the SCF was proportional to . The dependence of the nucleation rate corresponded well with the change in the shear‐induced free energy of the melt, indicating that the interactions between SCF and iPP were insignificant. The rheological results demonstrated that conformational ordering directly affected the nucleation rate. The helical content near the SCF increased rapidly owing to the enhancement of shear. Therefore, the nucleation kinetics on the SCF surface accelerated significantly.
A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Metolazone Compared to Chlorothiazide for Treatment of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Steuber Taylor D. , Janzen Kristin M. , Howard Meredith L. 
Published: July 2020

Treatment of volume overload in the setting of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is typically achieved through the use of loop diuretics. While they are highly effective, some patients may develop loop diuretic resistance. One strategy to overcome this scenario includes sequential nephron blockade with a thiazide‐type diuretic; however, it is unknown which thiazide‐type diuretic used in this setting is most effective. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to compare the efficacy and safety of chlorothiazide with metolazone as add‐on therapy in the setting of loop diuretic resistance for the treatment of ADHF. Literature searches were conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct from inception through February 2020 using the following search terms alone or in combination: metolazone, chlorothiazide, acute decompensated heart failure, loop diuretic, and urine output. All English‐language prospective and retrospective trials and abstracts comparing metolazone to chlorothiazide for the treatment of ADHF were evaluated. Studies were included if they analyzed urine output for at least 24 hours in patients with ADHF. Meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate pooled effect size by using a random‐effect model. Primary outcomes included net and total urine output. Secondary outcomes included commonly reported safety outcomes. Four studies comparing the use of metolazone to chlorothiazide as an adjunct to loop diuretics to treat ADHF were included in the evaluation. Metolazone was as effective as chlorothiazide to augment loop diuretic therapy in ADHF in most studies with no pooled difference in net or total urine output. However, there were notable differences in baseline loop diuretic dosing, ejection fraction, renal function, race, and endpoint timing across studies. Adverse effects were commonly observed and included electrolyte abnormalities, change in renal function, and hypotension but were comparable between groups. Metolazone is as effective as chlorothiazide as add‐on to loop diuretics in treating ADHF without an increase in safety concerns.
Cover Image
Authors: Nuamcharoen Praewpanit , Kobayashi Takaomi , Potiyaraj Pranut , Shiozaki Makoto 
Published: July 2020

The cover image is based on the Research Article Pre‐thermal treatment in binary solvent systems promoting β crystalline phase of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofibers by Praewpanit Nuamcharoen et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.6008.image