bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
vHULK, a new tool for bacteriophage host prediction based on annotated genomic features and deep neural networks
Authors: Amgarten Deyvid , Iha Bruno Koshin Vázquez , Piroupo Carlos Morais , da Silva Aline Maria , Setubal João Carlos 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe experimental determination of a bacteriophage host is a laborious procedure. For this reason, there is a pressing need for reliable computational predictions of bacteriophage hosts in phage research in general and in phage therapy in particular. Here, we present a new program called vHULK for phage host prediction based on 9,504 phage genome features. These features take into account alignment significance scores between predicted-protein sequences in the phage genomes and a curated database of viral protein families. The features were fed to a deep neural network, and four distinct models were trained to predict 61 different host genera and 52 host species. In random controlled test sets, the program obtained 99% and 98% accuracy values at the genus and species levels, respectively. On a validation dataset with 2,178 phage genomes, mean accuracies were 82% and 52% at the genus and species levels, respectively. When compared against other phage host prediction programs on the same validation dataset, vHULK achieved substantially better performance, therefore demonstrating that the program is an advance on the state-of-art in phage host prediction. vHULK is freely available at https://github.com/LaboratorioBioinformatica/vHULK.
Host-Microbe Interactions in Manifestation of Tuberculosis: A System Biology Study in Implicated Compartments
Authors: Hiva Sharebiani , Shadi Abbasnia , Saman Soleimanpour , Sar Rezaee 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) has been a dilemma for over a century. Thus the bacteria-host interactions seem to be implicated in the manifestation of the disease. Here, the behavioral activities of theMtband host responses were evaluated in this system biology analyses, according to the compartmental immune responses in the lung and local lymph node. Differential expression analyses were conducted between tuberculosis (TB) and the healthy group in the aforementioned compartments, to identify the hub genes and functional gene ontology (GO) terms, using KEGG, Enrichr and DAVID databases.The different phases of immune responses againstMtboccur in three compartments, lung, local lymph nodes and blood. Due to the occurrence of hypoxia within granuloma in the lung, angiogenesis was increased despite the HIF1-α down-regulation via inhibition of EP300 and HDAC1. Proliferation by MYC, CDK2 and NF-κB pathways activated in the granuloma, while at the same time apoptosis was induced by P53 activation, and PI3K/Akt inhibited P53 in the lymph node. Furthermore, DNA damages suppressed by the over-expression of BRCA1, CDK1 and BCR/ABL in the lymph node, as well as FBXO6, CDK2 and CDC5A in both compartments. In the lymph node, RTK (EGFR) and calmodulin, the consequent NFAT formation and Erk/MAPK pathway down-regulated and suppressed Th1 cell activation and differentiation. Inflammation was induced in both compartments, but the antigen (Ag) presentation was suppressed through the XPO1 suppression and ubiquitination. More studies inMtb-host interactions are needed to specify the effective mechanisms for reducing this re-emerging life-threatening disease.ImportanceTuberculosis (TB) is one of the most widespread reemerging infectious diseases in the world, which has remained a global health problem. Approximately, 10 million people are infected withMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb), causing 1.2 million deaths every year. Therefore, interactions between the host and the pathogen inMtbinfection are a major challenge for the control of the disease. Typically, there are thousands of genes and ten times more interactions between any stages of the conflicts. This urged us to bring “systemic approaches” for a better understanding of such highly orchestrated systems. A holistic view of theMtb-host interaction paves the way for a higher insight into the biology of the organism, as well as rationale solutions for the design of therapeutic agents. This study specifies the nominated disease-related genes and related signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of TB in two different compartments, lung and lymph node.
Capturing and Selecting Senescence Variation in Wheat
Authors: Chapman Elizabeth A. , Orford Simon , Lage Jacob , Griffiths Simon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSenescence is a highly quantitative trait, but in wheat the genetics underpinning senescence regulation remain relatively unknown. To select senescence variation, and ultimately identify novel genetic regulators, accurate characterisation of senescence phenotypes is essential. When investigating senescence, phenotyping efforts often focus on, or are limited to, visual assessment of the flag leaves. However, senescence is a whole plant process, involving remobilisation and translocation of resources into the developing grain. Furthermore, the temporal progression of senescence poses challenges regarding trait quantification and description, whereupon the different models and approaches applied result in varying definitions of apparently similar metrics.To gain a holistic understanding of senescence we phenotyped flag leaf and peduncle senescence progression, alongside grain maturation. Reviewing the literature, we identified techniques commonly applied in quantification of senescence variation and developed simple methods to calculate descriptive and discriminatory metrics. To capture senescence dynamism, we developed the idea of calculating thermal time to different flag leaf senescence scores, for which between year Spearman’s rank correlations ofr≥ 0.59,P< 4.7 × 10−5(TT70), identify as an accurate phenotyping method. Following our experience of senescence trait genetic mapping, we recognised the need for singular metrics capable of discriminating senescence variation, identifying Thermal Time to Flag Leaf Senescence score of 70 (TT70) and Mean Peduncle senescence (MeanPed) scores as most informative. Moreover, grain maturity assessments confirmed a previous association between our staygreen traits and grain fill extension, illustrating trait functionality.Here we review different senescence phenotyping approaches and share our experiences of phenotyping two independent RIL populations segregating for staygreen traits. Together, we direct readers towards senescence phenotyping methods we found most effective, encouraging their use when investigating and discriminating senescence variation of differing genetic bases, and to aid trait selection and weighting in breeding and research programs alike.
“Behind the white curtain”: Indian students and researchers in Australia, 1901–1950
Authors: Sarwal Amit , Lowe David 
Published: December 2020

PurposeAcademic scholarship on the White Australia Policy (WAP) has highlighted the history of Asian migration, early perceptions and policy-making initiatives. Prominent scholars have also pointed out the impact of the British Empire and WAP on Australia–India relations and early Indian migrants in Australia. Drawing on the debate concerning international students in Australia, our purpose in this article is to recover the role of Indian students in the story of Australian–Indian connections.Design/methodology/approachThe article aims to highlight the reasons behind the involvement of the Australian government in the provision of scholarships and fellowships to Indian students and researchers at Australian universities during the period of WAP. To achieve this, it uses contemporary Australian newspaper reports to explore the popular representations of sponsored Indian students and researchers in Australia from 1901 to 1950.FindingsThe article concludes that the prevalence of this racially discriminatory immigration policy created a dissatisfaction among Indians, and some Australian sources of agitation, that helped chip away at the Australian government’s admission policies and the gradual demise of WAP.Originality/valueThis article contributes to the historiography and the effects of colonialism on Australian–Indian relations and debates on policy formation based on ideas of whiteness.
Contactless hospitality in a post-Covid-19 world
Authors: Rahimizhian Sima , Irani Foad 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the mediating effect of consumer innovativeness in the relationship between tourism inclinations and revisit intention. This study focuses on the significance of innovative technologies that help to reduce physical contact and optimize operations and services to offer a direct added value to hospitality businesses and their customers.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a self-reported survey design using an online questionnaire to collect data from randomly selected potential tourists. The survey was in English. Data collection was carried out from June to July 2020, and a valid sample of 272 responses was obtained for data analysis.FindingsThe data were analyzed using ADANCO software. The study suggested that tourism inclination has both direct and indirect impacts on revisit intention through innovativeness.Originality/valueThis study allows a deeper understanding of the importance of contactless and low laborer-interaction technologies that help hospitality industry to win back pandemic-sensitive customers once this outbreak is over. To do this, the mediating effect of consumer innovativeness on their intention to revisit a tourist destination post-Covid-19 was investigated.
Sound absorption of weft knitted fabrics: influence of fibers cross-section shape, stitch density and mechanical modification of surface
Authors: Saffari Mohammad-Reza , Kamali Dolatabadi Mehdi , Rashidi Abosaeed , Yazdanshenas Mohammad Esmail 
Published: December 2020

PurposeOne of the recent applications of fabrics is to use them for sound insulation. Accordingly, due to their low production cost and low relative density, fabrics have drawn attention in some of the industries such as the automotive and aircraft industries. The present study is aimed to investigate the effects of the fiber cross-section, porosity, thickness of samples and fuzzing of the knitted fabric on the sound absorption coefficient.Design/methodology/approachIn the present study, fabrics with three different stitch densities were knitted by yarns consist of three different forms of fiber cross-section shapes (circular, elliptical and plus-shaped). In this work, the sound absorption coefficient of knitted fabrics was investigated with regard to the different fiber cross-sections and structural parameters using an impedance tube.FindingsAs indicated by the obtained results, the cross-section, porosity, thickness and mass per unit area of the fabrics were the determinant factors for the sound absorption coefficient. In addition to, the sound absorption coefficient and porosity were shown to have an inverse relationship.Originality/valueA section of the present paper has been allocated to the investigation of the effect of the fiber cross-section and fuzzing of fabric on the sound absorption of plain knitted fabrics.
Does the first job affect current youth working status in Bangladesh?
Authors: Mussida Chiara , Sciulli Dario 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis paper evaluates how the first job when individuals entered the labor market affects the probability of youth being currently employed in formal or informal work in Bangladesh.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is based on data from the ILO School-to-Work Transition Surveys. The authors use a full-information maximum likelihood approach to estimate a two-equation model, which accounts for selection into the labor market when estimating the impact of entry status on current work outcomes. The main equation outcome follows a multinomial distribution thus avoiding a priori assumptions about the level of individual’s utility associated with each work status.FindingsThe authors find that entering the labor market in a vulnerable employment position (i.e. contributing family work or self-employment) traps into vulnerable employment and prevents the transition to both informal and, especially, formal paid work. This finding holds when accounting for endogeneity of the entry status and it is valid both in the short and in the long run. Young women are less likely to enter the labor market, and once entered they are less likely to access formal paid wok and more likely to being inactive than young men. Low education anticipates the entry in the labor market, but it is detrimental for future employment prospects.Originality/valueThe findings indicate the presence of labor market segmentation between vulnerable and non-vulnerable employment and suggest the endpoint quality of the school-to-work transition is crucial for later employment prospects of Bangladeshi youth.
The impact of technological-organizational-environmental (TOE) factors on firm performance: merchant’s perspective of mobile payment from Thailand’s retail and service firms
Authors: Mahakittikun Thipa , Suntrayuth Sid , Bhatiasevi Veera 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to identify the impact of mobile payment on firm performance by developing a model based on the technology, organization and environment framework (TOE framework) including relative advantage, complexity, compatibility, innovativeness, mobile payment knowledge, critical mass, competitive pressure and external support.

Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected from the retail and service firms in Bangkok, Thailand (n = 387). Multiple regression analysis was applied to test the proposed model and carried out in SPSS version 25.

Findings
The results indicated that the TOE factors, including relative advantage, innovativeness, mobile payment knowledge, critical mass, competitive pressures and external supports, can predict firm performance. While innovativeness is the strongest predictor of positive firm performance, on the other hand, critical mass is found to be negatively significant on firm performance.

Practical implications
This research suggests that firms that accept mobile payment can identify the positive impact on firm performance and it is important for payment service providers and the government to work closely with firms.

Originality/value
As some merchants still refuse to implement mobile payment services in their business, this current study seeks to understand the impact of mobile payment. However, not many studies are reported its impact in Southeast Asia. This study is probably the first in Thailand to examine the impact of mobile payment on firm performance in the retail and service firms.
Funding sources and performance management systems: an empirical study
Authors: Alam Manzurul , Paull Megan , Peachey Anne , Holloway David , Griffiths John 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how performance management systems in nonprofit organizations are influenced by their funding sources. It explains how resources motivate organizations to diversify their strategies with attended performance management systems.

Design/methodology/approach
It adopts a qualitative case study approach involving semi-structured interviews with key informants in a nonprofit organization to understand the evolving nature of performance management systems associated with different funding sources.

Findings
The findings suggest that the case study organization changed its revenue base along with its performance management systems to satisfy the reporting and accountability requirements of different funding sources. Despite external funding sources detailing different restrictions and requirements, the overall performance management system was able to manage these different expectations.

Research limitations/implications
This study is based on a single case study, and its findings need to be interpreted with care, as there are differences between nonprofit organizations because they differ in their environments, services and funding.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to extant knowledge on how organizational performance management is influenced by funding sources, providing insights at the operational and governance levels.
Promoting university students' receptive skills through extensive reading in multimedia-based instruction
Authors: Rezaee Mehrdad , Farahian Majid , Mansooji Hani 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe present study focused on examining the effects of a multimedia-based Internet extensive reading program on promoting the receptive skills of Iranian university students.Design/methodology/approachIn the quantitative section of this explanatory sequential mixed-method study, a pretest-posttest design was used to compare the performance of three groups of Iranian university students in terms of their degrees of improvement in receptive proficiency. Besides, the differences in the levels of motivation among the learners were sought. The three classes under study included linear text extensive reading for the first experimental group, a multimedia-based Internet extensive reading group for the other and a control group. The qualitative phase of this study included a semi-structured interview and an open-ended questionnaire.FindingsAnalysis of the results revealed that the multimedia-based Internet extensive reading group outperformed the two other groups in terms of proficiency in receptive skills. They also had a higher level of motivation for reading. The findings of the qualitative phase showed that the participants preferred working with multimedia material rather than working with linear texts, or, in other words, printed books. University EFL instructors may be the most beneficiaries of the present study, as they can gain insights into applying Internet-based extensive reading programs into their courses.Originality/valueAlthough some studies have been carried out in this area, the paper provides its readers with a new procedure and methodology.
Rules for a coherent real estate risk scoring
Authors: Lausberg Carsten , Krieger Patrick 
Published: December 2020

PurposeScoring is a widely used, long-established, and universally applicable method of measuring risks, especially those that are difficult to quantify. Unfortunately, the scoring method is often misused in real estate practice and underestimated in academia. The purpose of this paper is to supplement the literature with general rules under which scoring systems should be designed and validated, so that they can become reliable risk instruments.Design/methodology/approachThe paper combines the rules, or axioms, for coherent risk measures known from the literature with those for scoring instruments. The result is a system of rules that a risk scoring system should fulfil. The approach is theoretical, based on a literature survey and reasoning.FindingsAt first, the paper clarifies that a risk score should express the variation of a property’s yield and not of its quality, as it is often done in practice. Then the axioms for a coherent risk scoring are derived, e.g. the independence of the risk factors. Finally, the paper proposes procedures for valid and reliable risk scoring systems, e.g. the out-of-time validation.Practical implicationsAlthough it is a theoretical work, the paper also focuses on practical applicability. The findings are illustrated with examples of scoring systems.Originality/valueRules for risk measures and for scoring systems have been established long ago, but the combination is a first. In this way, the paper contributes to real estate risk research and risk management practice.
Suitability of forensic accounting in uncovering bank frauds in India: an opinion survey
Authors: Gangwani Mayank 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Economic robustness is the heart of any country’s prosperity. It is no wonder that economic progression is a crucial force that keeps a nation rolling on its wheels. As economic well-being is such an important piece in the jigsaw of a country’s health, economic shocks must be kept at a bare minimum. India in recent years has experienced various banking failures and scams that put the financial system at stake and crushed investor confidence. There are examples aplenty of banks collapsing because of siphoning and diversion of funds in risky propositions that ultimately put the depositors and financial institutions at the receiving end. As per Reserve Bank of India’s latest annual report, it has been reported that there have been bank frauds worth a whopping Rs 72,000 crore in the financial year 2019. Therefore, this study aims to obtain the perception of Academicians and Practitioners regarding forensic accounting’s suitability in uncovering bank frauds.

Design/methodology/approach
A strategically constructed Likert scale questionnaire was designed to obtain perception of Academicians and Practitioners regarding forensic accounting’s suitability in uncovering bank frauds. The analysis was performed by applying the “non-parametric test” on the data gathered from the questionnaire.

Findings
By testing the relevant hypotheses, it has been found that insiders working in the bank team up with outsiders in perpetrating fraudulent activities resulted in bank failures, that both forensic accountant and traditional accountant were different from each other and that adoption of forensic accounting in India will aid regulatory authorities in doing their job more efficiently.

Research limitations/implications
This study uses purposive sampling, as it only takes the perception of college and professional course students (chartered accountants/company secretary/certified management accountant) and teachers having knowledge in accounting which made sample size quite small (156). This study only covers frauds that were conjured in the banking industry and hence does not touch upon scams that occurred in other financial institutions. This study is confined to Indian banks only. This study uses an opinion survey to ensure the suitability of forensic accounting in uncovering bank frauds.

Originality/value
The originality of this study has been checked through Turnitin plagiarism software in which the similarity was 8%.