bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of modified FOLFOX6 chemotherapy for patients with unresectable pseudomyxoma peritonei
Authors: Hiraide Sakura , Komine Keigo , Sato Yuko , Ouchi Kota , Imai Hiroo , Saijo Ken , Takahashi Masahiro , Takahashi Shin , Shirota Hidekazu , Takahashi Masanobu , Ishioka Chikashi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare malignancy, and there is insufficient evidence about systemic chemotherapy for this disease.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of a chemotherapeutic regimen with 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin (modified FOLFOX6, mFOLFOX6) for patients with unresectable pseudomyxoma peritonei. Patients who received the therapy between April 2000 and February 2019 at the Department of Medical Oncology, Tohoku University Hospital, were enrolled in this study.

Results
Eight patients were treated with mFOLFOX6. The sites of primary tumor were appendix in six patients, ovary in a patient, and urachus in a patient. Six patients received surgery. Seven patients had histologically high-grade PMP, and one patient had low-grade PMP. The median follow-up duration was 27.2 months. All the patients had non-measurable regions as the targets of tumor response. Non-complete response or non-progressive disease was observed in seven patients, with a disease control rate of 87.5%. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 13.0 months and 27.9 months, respectively. An obvious reduction in the symptoms was observed in two patients. Five patients experienced decline in the serum tumor markers, CEA or CA19-9. The grade 3/4 toxicity that was observed was grade 4 neutropenia in one patient and grade 3 neutropenia in two patients.

Conclusions
mFOLFOX6 might be an effective and tolerable treatment option for patients with unresectable PMP. To our knowledge, this is the first case series of mFOLFOX6 in patients with unresectable PMP and the first case series of systemic chemotherapy for Asian patients with unresectable PMP.
Effects of mild and moderate renal dysfunction on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of dotinurad: a novel selective urate reabsorption inhibitor
Authors: Fukase Hiroyuki , Okui Daisuke , Sasaki Tomomitsu , Fushimi Masahiko , Ohashi Tetsuo , Hosoya Tatsuo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Dotinurad, a novel selective urate reabsorption inhibitor, exerts a serum uric acid-lowering effect by selectively inhibiting urate transporter 1 (URAT1) in patients with hyperuricemia. It is generally known that the progression of renal dysfunction is associated with a reduction in the serum uric acid-lowering effects of uricosuric drugs. We, therefore, investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety of dotinurad in subjects with renal dysfunction.

Methods
This was a parallel-group, open-label, single-dose clinical pharmacology study. Dotinurad (1 mg) was administered once, orally to subjects with mild (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], ≥ 60 to < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) or moderate (eGFR, ≥ 30 to < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) renal dysfunction or normal (eGFR, ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) renal function.

Results
The time-course of mean plasma concentration of dotinurad had similar profiles across the groups. Regarding PK, there was no significant difference between the renal dysfunction groups and normal renal function group. Regarding PD, the maximum reduction rate in serum uric acid levels and the fractional uric acid excretion (FE) ratio (FE0–24/FE−24–0) were significantly lower in the moderate renal dysfunction group than in the normal renal function group. However, other PD parameters were not significantly different among the groups. No notable adverse events or adverse drug reactions were observed in this study.

Conclusion
These results suggested that no dose adjustment might be necessary when administering dotinurad to patients with mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02347046.
Soil nitrogen cycle unresponsive to decadal long climate change in a Tasmanian grassland
Authors: Rütting Tobias , Hovenden Mark J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIncreases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and global air temperature affect all terrestrial ecosystems and often lead to enhanced ecosystem productivity, which in turn dampens the rise in atmospheric CO2 by removing CO2 from the atmosphere. As most terrestrial ecosystems are limited in their productivity by the availability of nitrogen (N), there is concern about the persistence of this terrestrial carbon sink, as these ecosystems might develop a progressive N limitation (PNL). An increase in the gross soil N turnover may alleviate PNL, as more mineral N is made available for plant uptake. So far, climate change experiments have mainly manipulated one climatic factor only, but there is evidence that single-factor experiments usually overestimate the effects of climate change on terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, we investigated how simultaneous, decadal-long increases in CO2 and temperature affect the soil gross N dynamics in a native Tasmanian grassland under C3 and C4 vegetation. Our laboratory 15N labeling experiment showed that average gross N mineralization ranged from 4.9 to 11.3 µg N g−1 day−1 across the treatment combinations, while gross nitrification was about ten-times lower. Considering all treatment combinations, no significant effect of climatic treatments or vegetation type (C3 versus C4 grasses) on soil N cycling was observed.
Effects of learning addition and subtraction in preschool by making the first ten numbers and their relations visible with finger patterns
Authors: Kullberg Angelika , Björklund Camilla , Brkovic Irma , Runesson Kempe Ulla 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we report how 5-year-olds’ arithmetic skills developed through participation in an 8-month-long intervention. The intervention program aimed to enhance the children’s ways of experiencing numbers’ part-part-whole relations as a basis for arithmetic skills and was built on principles from the variation theory of learning. The report is based on an analysis of assessments with 103 children (intervention groupn = 65 and control groupn = 38) before and after the intervention and a follow-up assessment 1 year after the intervention. Our findings show that the learning outcomes of the intervention group were significantly higher compared to those of the control group after the intervention and that differences between the groups remained even 1 year after the intervention. In particular, the results show that children participating in the intervention group learned to recognize and use part-part-whole relations in novel arithmetic tasks.
Parameter identification for symbolic regression using nonlinear least squares
Authors: Kommenda Michael , Burlacu Bogdan , Kronberger Gabriel , Affenzeller Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper we analyze the effects of using nonlinear least squares for parameter identification of symbolic regression models and integrate it as local search mechanism in tree-based genetic programming. We employ the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm for parameter optimization and calculate gradients via automatic differentiation. We provide examples where the parameter identification succeeds and fails and highlight its computational overhead. Using an extensive suite of symbolic regression benchmark problems we demonstrate the increased performance when incorporating nonlinear least squares within genetic programming. Our results are compared with recently published results obtained by several genetic programming variants and state of the art machine learning algorithms. Genetic programming with nonlinear least squares performs among the best on the defined benchmark suite and the local search can be easily integrated in different genetic programming algorithms as long as only differentiable functions are used within the models.
NUCLEUS: Exploring Coherent Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with Cryogenic Detectors
Authors:   The NUCLEUS Collaboration, Rothe J. , Angloher G. , Ardellier-Desages F. , Bento A. , Canonica L. , Erhart A. , Ferreiro N. , Friedl M. , Ghete V. M. , Hauff D. , Kluck H. , Lasserre T. , Lhuillier D. , Kinast A. , Mancuso M. , Rubiales J. Molina , Mondragon-Cortes E. , Munch G. , Nones C. , Oberauer L. , Ortmann T. , Pattavina L. , Petricca F. , Potzel W. , Pröbst F. , Reindl F. , Schieck J. , Schönert S. , Schwertner C. , Scola L. , Stodolsky L. , Strauss R. , Vivier M. , Wagner V. , Zolotarova A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe NUCLEUS experiment aims for the detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at a nuclear power reactor with gram-scale, ultra-low-threshold cryogenic detectors. This technology leads to a miniaturization of neutrino detectors and allows to probe physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. A 0.5 g NUCLEUS prototype detector, operated above ground in 2017, reached an energy threshold for nuclear recoils of below 20 eV. This sensitivity is achieved with tungsten transition edge sensors which are operating at temperatures of 15 mK and are mainly sensitive to non-thermal phonons. These small recoil energies become accessible for the first time with this technology, which allows collecting large-statistics neutrino event samples with a moderate detector mass. A first-phase cryogenic detector array with a total mass of 10 g enables a 5-sigma observation of coherent scattering within several weeks. We identified a suitable experimental site at the Chooz Nuclear Power Plant and performed muon and neutron background measurements there. The operation of a NUCLEUS cryogenic detector array at such a site requires highly efficient background suppression. NUCLEUS plans to use an innovative technique consisting of separate cryogenic anticoincidence detectors against surface backgrounds and penetrating (gamma, neutron) radiation. We present first results from prototypes of these veto detectors and their operation in coincidence with a NUCLEUS target detector.
Versatile mass excited impact oscillator
Authors: Wiercigroch Marian , Kovacs Stephane , Zhong Shun , Costa Dimitri , Vaziri Vahid , Kapitaniak Marcin , Pavlovskaia Ekaterina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the design and the initial experimental results of a novel impact oscillator rig developed by the Centre of Applied Dynamic Research at the University of Aberdeen. In this rig, the excitation force is generated electromagnetically and it acts directly on the mass in contrast to the most of the experimental set-ups where the excitation passes through the structure. This significantly enhances flexibility of the system allowing to observe subtle phenomena. The evolution of the design from an initial concept to the finalised rig is discussed in details where a special attention is paid to the instrumentation and parameter identification which are important for the mathematical modelling. The initial experimental results demonstrate potentials of this rig to study fundamental impact phenomena, which have been observed in various engineering systems. They also indicate that this new rig can be a good platform for investigating nonlinear control methods.
Nonlinear Flow Behavior in Packed Beds of Natural and Variably Graded Granular Materials
Authors: van Lopik J. H. , Zazai L. , Hartog N. , Schotting R. J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnder certain flow conditions, fluid flow through porous media starts to deviate from the linear relationship between flow rate and hydraulic gradient. At such flow conditions, Darcy’s law for laminar flow can no longer be assumed and nonlinear relationships are required to predict flow in the Forchheimer regime. To date, most of the nonlinear flow behavior data is obtained from flow experiments on packed beds of uniformly graded granular materials (Cu = d60/d10 < 2) with various average grain sizes, ranging from sands to cobbles. However, natural deposits of sand and gravel in the subsurface could have a wide variety of grain size distributions. Therefore, in the present study we investigated the impact of variable grain size distributions on the extent of nonlinear flow behavior through 18 different packed beds of natural sand and gravel deposits, as well as composite filter sand and gravel mixtures within the investigated range of uniformity (2.0 < Cu < 17.35) and porosity values (0.23 < n < 0.36). Increased flow resistance is observed for the sand and gravel with high Cu values and low porosity values. The present study shows that for granular material with wider grain size distributions (Cu > 2), the d10 instead of the average grain size (d50) as characteristic pore length should be used. Ergun constants A and B with values of 63.1 and 1.72, respectively, resulted in a reasonable prediction of the Forchheimer coefficients for the investigated granular materials.
Analysis of CT characteristics in the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum associated appendicitis with clinical and pathological correlation: a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Valluru Bimbadhar , Zhou Zhou , Sah Dineswar , Du Wei , Ali Mahamed O. , Adam Ahmed A. , Zhang Liang , Wang Juan J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
To clarify unique non-contrast CT (NCCT) characteristics for early recognition of Schistosomal associated appendicitis (SAA) differentiating from Non-schistosomal associated appendicitis (NSA).

Material and methods
Clinical and pathological data of 50 cases with SAA and 60 cases with NSA who underwent emergency appendectomy were retrospectively compared to pre-surgical NCCT features such as direct and indirect signs of acute appendicitis as well as appendicoliths, colon calcifications as diagnostic criteria. Statistical methods such as Chi-square (χ2), t-tests, Principal component analysis (PCA), Binary Logistic regression (LR) and Factor Analysis (FA) were utilized to observe differences and isolate recognizable CT features of SAA. Pre and post hoc diagnostic performance of all criteria was calculated as sensitivity, specificity, and the Odds Ratio (OR).

Results
Age > 50 years, diameter > 13 mm, pneumatosis, peri appendiceal abscess, focal wall defect, perforation; Orbital, linear and point types of appendicular wall calcifications; sigmoid colon and cecal curvilinear calcifications were observed as unique characteristics with a sensitivity of 84–95% and specificity of 91–98% in predicting SAA by OR of 6.2 times. Pre and post hoc hypothetical analysis did not show any significance for all other factors.

Conclusion
Factors such as elderly age, CT features such as larger appendicular diameter, appendicular wall calcifications along with sigmoid colon, and cecal calcifications, signs of perforation or abscess are characteristic for early recognition of SAA.
Incorporation of Biosolids as Water Replacement in a Two-Step Renewable Hydrocarbon Process: Hydrolysis of Brown Grease with Biosolids
Authors: Xia Lin , Chae Michael , Asomaning Justice , Omidghane Mehdi , Zhu Chengyong , Bressler David C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe accumulating volumes of biosolids in lagoons worldwide have intensified the need to develop innovative wastewater treatment strategies. Here, we provide proof-of-concept for the incorporation of biosolids into the hydrolysis step of a two-step thermal conversion of lipids for production of renewable hydrocarbons, which can be utilized as renewable fuels. Brown grease was hydrolysed with biosolids or water at 260–280 °C for 60 min at a mass ratio of 1:1 feed to water or biosolids. The feedstock and products were characterized using various analytical techniques to compare the performance of biosolids to water. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the degree of hydrolysis of brown grease when biosolids was used as water replacement. The fatty acids composition after hydrolysis when biosolids was used as a water replacement also remained largely unchanged. Hydrolysis of brown grease with biosolids could be achieved at pH ranging from 3.3 to 8.9, and at a lower than previously established temperature. Significantly, the rapid settling of solid material in biosolids observed after thermal hydrolysis of brown grease may reduce the necessity of biosolids settling lagoons. Thus, incorporation of biosolids into a lipid hydrolysis-pyrolysis process may simultaneously benefit the biofuel and waste management sectors.Graphic Abstract
Language as an including or excluding factor in mathematics teaching and learning
Authors: Robertson Sally-Ann , Graven Mellony 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article explores the power of language to either include or exclude certain groups of students from genuine opportunities for mathematical sense-making. The substantial increase worldwide in the number of students learning mathematics through a language other than their primary language makes this a particularly urgent issue. This paper focuses on the South African situation, where, because English is widely perceived as the language of opportunity, it is, by grade 4, overwhelmingly the chosen language of learning and teaching. The epistemological and pedagogical consequences of this choice are evidenced in the poor performance of the country’s students on national and international assessments of mathematical proficiency. Drawing on research literature around language immersion education models and the extent to which these align with certain key principles of second language acquisition, this position paper motivates for a stronger and more sustained commitment to providing students, particularly those from marginalized and vulnerable communities, with opportunities for becoming both bilingual and biliterate. Empirical data from two South African grade 4 mathematics classrooms are used to illuminate aspects of the mathematical sense-making challenges students and their teachers face without such commitment.
Molybdenum alloying in cast iron and steel
Authors: Chen Xiang-Ru , Zhai Qi-Jie , Dong Han , Dai Bao-Hua , Mohrbacher Hardy 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMetal casting is an important manufacturing technology for efficiently producing massive components with complex shape. A large share of industrial castings is made from iron and steel alloys, combining attractive properties and low production cost. Upgrading of properties in cast iron and steel is mainly achieved by alloying and in fewer cases by heat treatment. Molybdenum is an important alloying element in that respect, increasing strength, hardness and toughness. It also facilitates particular heat treatments such as austempering. The paper describes the metallurgical functionality of molybdenum alloying in iron-based castings and demonstrates its effectiveness for applications in the automotive and mining industry.
Update on the Treatment of Idiopathic Hypersomnia
Authors: Schinkelshoek M. S. , Fronczek R. , Lammers G. J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Idiopathic hypersomnia is an incapacitating disorder with a profound impact on daytime performance and quality of life. The most commonly used treatment modalities are lifestyle advice and pharmacological therapy. We present an update on the evidence concerning treatment options for idiopathic hypersomnia.

Recent Findings
Evidence for non-pharmacological interventions is lacking; improvement in symptoms on introducing these interventions is often less pronounced than in narcolepsy. Additional pharmacological treatment is therefore usually initiated. The few treatment studies that have been performed are hampered by small sample sizes and the use of variable and often insufficiently validated outcome parameters for the whole spectrum of idiopathic hypersomnia symptoms.

Conclusion
Evidence on treatment is scarce. Since the efficacy of modafinil is consistently described and there is much experience with this substance, it is reasonable to start with modafinil as a first choice treatment. Methylphenidate and dexamphetamine are good alternatives. In the future, newer drugs such as sodium oxybate, pitolisant, and solriamfetol might be authorized for use in idiopathic hypersomnia.
More than five-twelfths of the zeros of $$\zeta $$ are on the critical line
Authors: Pratt Kyle , Robles Nicolas , Zaharescu Alexandru , Zeindler Dirk 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe second moment of the Riemann zeta-function twisted by a normalized Dirichlet polynomial with coefficients of the form$$(\mu \star \Lambda _1^{\star k_1} \star \Lambda _2^{\star k_2} \star \cdots \star \Lambda _d^{\star k_d})$$(μ⋆Λ1⋆k1⋆Λ2⋆k2⋆⋯⋆Λd⋆kd)is computed unconditionally by means of the autocorrelation of ratios of$$\zeta $$ζtechniques from Conrey et al. (Proc Lond Math Soc (3) 91:33–104, 2005), Conrey et al. (Commun Number Theory Phys 2:593–636, 2008) as well as Conrey and Snaith (Proc Lond Math Soc 3(94):594–646, 2007). This in turn allows us to describe the combinatorial process behind the mollification of$$\begin{aligned} \zeta (s) + \lambda _1 \frac{\zeta '(s)}{\log T} + \lambda _2 \frac{\zeta ''(s)}{\log ^2 T} + \cdots + \lambda _d \frac{\zeta ^{(d)}(s)}{\log ^d T}, \end{aligned}$$ζ(s)+λ1ζ′(s)logT+λ2ζ′′(s)log2T+⋯+λdζ(d)(s)logdT,where$$\zeta ^{(k)}$$ζ(k)stands for thekth derivative of the Riemann zeta-function and$$\{\lambda _k\}_{k=1}^d$${λk}k=1dare real numbers. Improving on recent results on long mollifiers and sums of Kloosterman sums due to Pratt and Robles (Res Number Theory 4:9, 2018), as an application, we increase the current lower bound of critical zeros of the Riemann zeta-function to slightly over five-twelfths.
Towards a Critical Theory of the Technosystem
Authors: Wolff Raphaël 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFeenberg’s new book,Technosystem: the social life of reason, makes an important intervention in the study of technological systems by showing that instrumental reason requires value judgement at the moment of its realization in this world. It fosters hope that technological development can be redirected towards the fulfilment of human needs through public interventions of nonexperts. However, Feenberg does not sufficiently engage with the political dilemmas that inevitably accompany these interventions as a result of the formal capitalist bias of the technosystem. The books by Bridle and Bucher underline the importance of confronting these dilemmas as they encounter them in various domains and provide possible ways for dealing with them.
Estrogen activates Alzheimer's disease genes
Authors: Ratnakumar Abhirami , Zimmerman Samuel E. , Jordan Bryen A. , Mar Jessica C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionWomen are at increased risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the reason why remains unknown. One hypothesis is that low estrogen levels at menopause increases vulnerability to AD, but this remains unproven.MethodsWe compared neuronal genes upregulated by estrogen in ovariectomized female rhesus macaques with a database of >17,000 diverse gene sets and applied a rare variant burden test to exome sequencing data from 1208 female AD patients with the age of onset < 75 years and 2162 female AD controls.ResultsWe found a striking overlap between genes upregulated by estrogen in macaques and genes downregulated in the human postmortem AD brain, and we found that estrogen upregulates the APOE gene and that progesterone acts antagonistically to estrogen genome‐wide. We also found that female patients with AD have excess rare mutations in the early menopause gene MCM8.DiscussionWe show with genomic data that the menopausal loss of estrogen could underlie the increased risk for AD in women.