bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotype variability of autoinflammatory disorders in the pediatric patient: A pictorial overview
Authors: Rigante Donato 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDisruption of innate immunity leading to systemic inflammation and multi‐organ dysfunction is the basilar footprint of autoinflammatory disorders (AIDs), ranging from rare hereditary monogenic diseases to a large number of common chronic inflammatory conditions in which there is a simultaneous participation of multiple genetic components and environmental factors, sometimes combined with autoimmune phenomena and immunodeficiency. Whatever their molecular mechanism, hereditary AIDs are caused by mutations in regulatory molecules or sensors proteins leading to dysregulated production of proinflammatory cytokines or cytokine‐inducing transcription factors, fever, elevation of acute phase reactants, and a portfolio of manifold inflammatory signs which might occur in a stereotyped manner, mostly with overactivity or misactivation of different inflammasomes. Symptoms might overlap in the pediatric patient, obscuring the final diagnosis of AIDs and delaying the most appropriate treatment. Actually, the fast‐paced evolution of scientific knowledge has led to recognize or reclassify an overgrowing number of multifactorial diseases, which share the basic pathogenetic mechanisms with AIDs. The wide framework of classic hereditary periodic fevers, AIDs with prominent skin involvement, disorders of the ubiquitin‐proteasome system, defects of actin cytoskeleton dynamics, and also idiopathic nonhereditary febrile syndromes occurring in children is herein presented. Interleukin‐1 dependence of these diseases or involvement of other predominating molecules is also discussed.
Insecticidal and insect growth regulatory activities of secondary metabolites from entomopathogenic fungi, Lecanicillium attenuatum
Authors: Woo Ra Mi , Park Min Gu , Choi Jae Young , Park Dong Hwan , Kim Jun Young , Wang Minghui , Kim Hyun Ji , Woo Soo Dong , Kim Jae Su , Je Yeon Ho 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInsect growth regulators (IGRs) are effective alternatives to chemical insecticides because of their specificity and low environmental toxicity. Entomopathogenic fungi are an important natural pathogen of insects and have been developed as biological control agents. They produce a wide range of secondary metabolites such as antibiotics, pesticides, growth‐promoting or inhibiting compounds and insect attracting agents. In this study, to explore novel IGR substances from entomopathogenic fungi, culture extracts of 189 entomopathogenic fungi isolated from Korean soil samples were investigated for their juvenile hormone (JH)‐based IGR activities. Whereas none of the culture extracts exhibited JH agonist (JHA) activity, 14 extracts showed high levels of JH antagonist (JHAN) activity. Among them, culture extract of JEF‐145 strain, which was identified as Lecanicillium attenuatum, showed the highest insecticidal against Aedes albopictus and Plutella xylostella. At liquid culture condition, JHAN activity was observed in culture soup rather than mycelial cake, indicating that substances with JHAN activity are released from the JEF‐145 strain during culture. Furthermore, while extract from solid cultured JEF‐145 strain showed insecticidal activities against both A. albopictus and P. xylostella, that from liquid cultured fungi showed insecticidal activity only against A. albopictus, indicating that L. attenuatum JEF‐145 strain produces different kinds of secondary metabolites with JHAN activity depending on culture conditions. These results suggested that JHAN substances derived from entomopathogenic fungi could be usefully exploited to develop novel eco‐friendly IGR insecticides.
Victims crossing overflowing watercourses with vehicles in Spain
Authors: Enríquez‐de‐Salamanca Álvaro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHeavy rainfall causes many watercourses to overflow. In these circumstances, crossing by car even on a road, can be extremely dangerous; however, dozens of drivers are swept away every year in their vehicles. This paper analyses this type of accident in Spain between 2008 and 2018, recording the date, location, number of victims, age and gender, and rainfall during the event. The results show that 125 accidents occurred with 200 victims including 45 fatalities. Most accidents occurred in E, S and SE Spain, where the rainfall irregularity is greater, during December, October and March, although fatalities were concentrated in September and October. Among the victims male drivers dominated, with an average age of 52 years. The main cause of these accidents was the drivers' behaviour due to: underestimating risk, overconfidence, overvaluation of their driving skills, an excess of trust in the authorities, ignorance about vehicle drag and buoyancy risks, and, social pressure. To reduce these risks, it is necessary to increase adaptation and protection measures on roads, but above all, a change in drivers' behaviour to stop them trying to cross‐flooded rivers.
Conceptualizing the UPPS‐P model of impulsive personality through network analysis: Key dimensions and general robustness across young adulthood
Authors: Goh Patrick K. , Lee Christine A. , Martel Michelle M. , Fillmore Mark T. , Derefinko Karen J. , Lynam Donald R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveWithin the UPPS‐P model of impulsive personality, negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking dimensions have been linked to unique etiological mechanisms and outcomes. Yet, additional research is needed exploring direct relations among dimensions to determine how these relations may contribute to the nature of impulsive personality and its correlates. The current study used network analysis to clarify relations among UPPS‐P dimensions and assess global robustness of these relations across young adulthood.MethodParticipants included a longitudinal sample of 525 college students (48% male, 18–26 years) who completed the UPPS‐P once per year for three consecutive years.ResultsNetwork structure was globally robust with particularly strong relations emerging between positive and negative urgency, as well as between lack of premeditation and lack of perseverance, across waves. Lack of premeditation consistently emerged as a central dimension. Additional analyses suggested lack of premeditation and sensation seeking as most robustly related with retrospectively reported frequency of alcohol use.ConclusionsResults suggested general robustness in the relations among impulsive personality dimensions, with relations involving lack of premeditation being particularly important for characterizing impulsive personality's nature. Sensation seeking and lack of premeditation may warrant particular focus when linking impulsive personality with frequency of alcohol use.
Combination of phosphodiesterase‐5‐inhibitors and beta blockers improves experimental portal hypertension and erectile dysfunction
Authors: Uschner Frank E. , Glückert Kathleen , Paternostro Rafael , Gnad Thorsten , Schierwagen Robert , Mandorfer Mattias , Magdaleno Fernando , Ortiz Cristina , Schwarzkopf Katharina , Kamath Patrick S. , Alessandria Carlo , Boesecke Christoph , Pfeifer Alexander , Reiberger Thomas , Kreisel Wolfgang , Sauerbruch Tilman , Ferlitsch Arnulf , Trebicka Jonel , Klein Sabine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsPhosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors (PDE‐5‐I) are used for treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), which is common in patients with cirrhosis. They may improve portal hypertension (PH), but contradictory data on efficacy and side‐effects have been reported. Non‐selective beta blockers (NSBB) reduce portal pressure, but might aggravate ED. Thus, we evaluated the combination of PDE‐5‐I with NSBB and its impact on PH and ED in experimental cirrhosis.MethodsED was assessed in cirrhotic patients (n = 86) using standardized questionnaire. Experimental cirrhosis was induced by bile‐duct‐ligation or carbon‐tetrachloride intoxication in rats. Corpus cavernosum pressure – a surrogate of ED ‐, as well as systemic and portal haemodynamics, were measured in vivo and in situ after acute administration of udenafil alone or in combination with propranolol. mRNA and protein levels of PDE‐5 signalling were analysed using PCR and western Blot.ResultsED in humans was related to severity of liver disease and to NSBB treatment. PDE‐5 was mainly expressed in hepatic stellate cells and upregulated in human and experimental cirrhosis. Propranolol reduced corpus cavernosum pressure in cirrhotic rats and it was restored by udenafil. Even though udenafil treatment improved PH, it led to a reduction of mean arterial pressure. The combination of udenafil and propranolol reduced portal pressure and hepatic resistance without systemic side‐effects.ConclusionsED is common with advanced cirrhosis and concomitant NSBB treatment. The combination of PDE‐5‐I and NSBB improves ED and PH in experimental cirrhosis.
Minimization of bias in measures of gestational weight gain
Authors: Stamm Rosemary , Coppell Kirsten , Paterson Helen 
Published: July 2020

SummaryGestational weight gain (GWG) is an important predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes including gestational diabetes, preterm birth, delivery by caesarean and post‐partum weight retention. The Institute of Medicine guidelines on GWG are widely adopted, and GWG is widely researched as an outcome of interest in lifestyle interventions during pregnancy. However, estimation of prepregnancy weight and measurement of weight prior to delivery introduce bias into measures of GWG. This review discusses the sources of bias in measures of GWG and the potential effect of bias on the relationship between adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with GWG. Bias in measures of GWG can be minimized by using measured weight at the first antenatal appointment in early pregnancy rather than self‐reported prepregnancy weight and by adjusting for gestational age when the last weight is collected earlier than the delivery date. Bias owing to gestational age is an important potential confounder in the relationship between GWG and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Implantable cardiac defibrillator leads dysfunction after LVAD implantation
Authors: Galand Vincent , Leclercq Christophe , Bourenane Hamed , Boulé Stéphane , Vincentelli André , Maury Philippe , Mondoly Pierre , Picard François , Welté Nicolas , Kindo Michel , Cardi Thomas , Pasquié Jean‐Luc , Gaudard Philippe , Gourraud Jean‐Baptiste , Probst Vincent , Defaye Pascal , Boignard Aude , Para Marylou , Algalarrondo Vincent , Pelcé Edeline , Gariboldi Vlad , Pozzi Matteo , Obadia Jean‐François , Anselme Frédéric , Litzler Pierre‐Yves , Blanchart Katrien , Babatasi Gerard , Garnier Fabien , Bielefeld Marie , Hamon David , Lellouche Nicolas , Bourguignon Thierry , Pierre Bertrand , Eschalier Romain , D'Ostrevy Nicolas , Varlet Emilie , Marijon Eloi , Blangy Hugues , Sadoul Nicolas , Flécher Erwan , Martins Raphaël P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundImplantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) lead dysfunction has been reported after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation in limited single‐center studies. We aimed at describing and characterizing the incidence of ICD lead parameters dysfunction after LVAD implantation.MethodsAmong the 652 patients enrolled in the ASSIST‐ICD study, only patients with an ICD prior to LVAD were included (n = 401). ICD lead parameters dysfunction following LVAD implantation is defined as follows: (a) >50% decrease in sensing threshold, (b) pacing lead impedance increase/decrease by >100Ω, and (c) >50% increase in pacing threshold.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐two patients with an ICD prior to LVAD had available ICD interrogation reports prior and after LVAD. A total of 67 (55%) patients exhibited at least one significant lead dysfunction: 17 (15%) exhibited >50% decrease in right ventricular (RV) sensing, 51 (42%) had >100 Ω increase/decrease in RV pacing impedance, and 24 (20%) experienced >50% increase in RV pacing threshold. A total of 52 patients experienced ventricular arrhythmia during follow‐up and all were successfully detected and treated by the device. All lead dysfunction could be managed conservatively.ConclusionMore than 50% of LVAD‐recipients may experience >1 significant change in lead parameters but none had severe clinical consequences.
Pulmonary function testing with tidal breath analyze technique is useful in predicting persistant small airway damage in infants with acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Çelik Elif , Uysal Pınar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundDue to technical difficulties, lung function in infants is less studied. This prospective cross‐sectional study investigated breathing parameters by using tidal breath analysis (TBA) technique in hospitalized infants with the first‐time acute bronchiolitis (AB).MethodsThis study enrolled 111 infants aged 1 month‐2 years: 61 with AB and 50 healthy controls. Lung function was assessed using TBA technique on the first day of hospitalization and repeated at the 7th and 30th days after the treatment.ResultsThe parameters of tPTEF, tPTEF:tE, VT/kg, and tI/tE ratio were still significantly lower at the 30th day of the disease. tPTEF:tE ratio was inversely correlated with hospitalization duration and severity of disease and strongly correlated with VPTEF:VE (r = .876, P < .001) in infants with AB.ConclusionDue to restoration of pulmonary function dynamics in the lower respiratory tract was a long‐lasting process, TBA is a useful and easy method for pulmonary function among infants and may help clinicians to predict persistent small airway damage.
Variation in sperm cryosurvival is not modified by replacing the cryoprotectant glycerol with ethylene glycol in bulls
Authors: Gororo Eddington , Makuza Stanley Marshal , Chidzwondo Farisai , Chatiza Fungayi Primrose 
Published: July 2020

ContentsBreed and sire differences in sperm cryosurvival have been noted, with negative implications for sperm cryobanking and assisted reproduction programmes. This study hypothesized that these differences could be modified by using lower molecular weight cryoprotectants. Therefore, the effect of replacing glycerol (GLY) with ethylene glycol (EG) on differential cryosurvival of semen from two Sanga cattle breeds (Mashona vs. Tuli) was determined. Three to five ejaculates were collected from each of ten bulls (3‐8 years) by electro‐ejaculation, diluted in three Tris‐egg yolk extenders (Triladyl®, 7% GLY‐based and 7% EG‐based) and evaluated for sperm motility, viability and morphology at three time periods (fresh – 0 hr, pre‐freeze – 4 hr and post‐thaw). Tuli bulls produced larger (11.8 ± 0.31 ml vs. 8.5 ± 0.38 ml) and more concentrated ejaculates of lower fresh semen quality. Breeds differed across time for motility and morphology, but not viability. Mashona bull semen had significantly higher motility and normal morphology values at each sampling time. Bulls classified as poor freezers had lower concentration (0.70 ± 0.09 × 109 sperm/ml vs. 1.37 ± 0.10 × 109 sperm/ml), sperm motility index (SMI, 35.0 ± 3.4 % vs. 67.8 ± 2.1 %) and viability (69.7 ± 1.1 % vs. 75.7 ± 1.0 %) compared to good freezers. Maintenance of semen quality by GLY and EG did not differ between breeds, poor and good freezers, or age groups. The interaction breed by extender across time did not reach statistical significance for all variables. The study revealed that bull and breed variation in sperm quality and cryosurvival is not modified by replacing GLY with EG, suggesting that cryostress tolerance of sperm may be under control of mechanisms other than differential response to GLY cytotoxicity.
Systemic sclerosis: Update for oral health care providers
Authors: Alhendi Fatmah J. , Werth Victoria P. , Sollecito Thomas P. , Stoopler Eric T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma, is an autoimmune disease of unknown origin characterized by an uncontrolled inflammatory process resulting in fibrosis of the skin, internal organs and vasculopathy. Manifestations of SSc are heterogenous and can include pulmonary, cardiac, neural, renal, muscular, cutaneous and orofacial complications. Recent scientific advances have led to a better understanding of disease etiopathogenesis and the development of a new classification system. Therapeutic management is often multidisciplinary and targeted toward the affected organs. Oral health care providers (OHCPs) should be familiar with SSc, particularly as it relates to its impact on the orofacial region and modifications to delivery of oral health care for patients with this condition.
Revenge as social interaction: Merging social psychological and interpersonal communication approaches to the study of vengeful behavior
Authors: Boon Susan D. , Yoshimura Stephen M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to review and assess the benefits of merging social psychological and communication theory‐based approaches to the study of vengeful behavior in interpersonal interactions. We first outline the parallel but complementary perspectives that each discipline takes to the conceptualization of revenge. From there, we identify some of the core features that would be present in an integrated approach that conceptualizes revenge as an interpersonal process (i.e., an interaction or exchange), and then highlight new directions for both inquiry and theory building that an integrative approach reveals as worthy of scholarly pursuit. We argue that conceptualizing and studying revenge in ways that blend both social psychological and communication‐based views offers numerous opportunities to examine the dynamics between a provoking party and an avenger, and provides a richer and more insightful theoretical understanding of vengeful behavior than either perspective could offer alone.
Utterances, Sub‐utterances and Token‐Reflexivity
Authors: Ciecierski Tadeusz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe popular interpretation of token‐reflexivism states that at the level of logical form, indexicals and demonstratives are disguised descriptions that employ complex demonstratives or special quotation‐mark names involving particular tokens of the appropriate expression‐types. In this article I first demonstrate that this interpretation of token‐reflexivism is only one of many, and that it is better to think of token‐reflexivism as denoting a family of distinct theoretical frameworks. Second, I contrast two interpretations of the idea of the token‐reflexive paraphrase of an indexical sentence. The utterance approach claims that token‐reflexive paraphrases involve tokens of entire utterances. The sub‐utterance approach maintains that token‐reflexive paraphrases involve tokens of the particular indexical words used in the utterance. Next, I pose a problem that shows that neither of the two approaches is correct. The problem shows that the only viable version of the token‐reflexive proposition must somehow take into account the referential intentions of the speaker of the context. Therefore I conclude the article by sketching the framework of restricted intentional token‐reflexivism. I argue that it is an attractive semantic theory of distributed utterances that, among other things, enables automatic and intentional indexicals to be distinguished.
Seasonality and coinfection of bronchiolitis: epidemiological specificity and consequences in terms of prophylaxis in tropical climate
Authors: Najioullah Fatiha , Bancons Pierre , Césaire Raymond , Fléchelles Olivier 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the viruses involved, seasonality and coinfection in hospitalised children with suspected bronchiolitis.MethodsOver the period 1/07/2007 to 31/12/2008, all children hospitalised for bronchiolitis in the paediatric ward were prospectively included, and had respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) screenings. We retrospectively tested all samples for RSVA, RSVB, rhinovirus (RV), human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza 1, 2, 3, 4, influenza A and influenza B.Results198 children were tested, and 23% were negative for all viruses. RSVA was predominant in 2008 (64% of all viruses) and RSVB in 2007 (66% of all viruses). RV was frequent during both seasons (24% of all viruses). Flu was not found during the study period. Virus distribution was similar regardless of season or age, and identical to typical patterns in temperate countries. Coinfections were less frequent than in temperate regions because respiratory virus seasons seem to be better separated. The bronchiolitis season started in August and finished in December with a peak in October.ConclusionThe specific seasonality of bronchiolitis infection requires palivizumab prophylaxis starting in early July for high‐risk infants.
Comparison of chlorination and chloramination practices on microbial inactivation efficiencies within a scaled‐up water distribution network using central composite design
Authors: Khan Romana , Hashmi Imran , Qureshi Amrah , Rasheed Sajida 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDisinfection practices reduce the incidence of water‐borne diseases but may result in formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in raw water that are reported to be carcinogenic. Central composite design (CCD) was employed in the present study for optimization of disinfectant dose and contact time with the rationale to evaluate if an optimal balance could be achieved between minimal DBPs formation and effective microbial inactivation with either free or combined chlorine in treated water within a lab‐scale prototype network to simulate real water distribution network conditions. After a series of experimental runs based upon design of experiments (DoE) by CCD, dose was found to be the most significant factor (P < 0.01) in determining DBPs formation in both disinfectant’s applications. Where, contact time significantly (P < 0.01) affected bacterial inactivation in chlorination experiments, in contrast, dose was effective in chloramination experiments. Thus, it was concluded that the optimal balance may be achieved in the water networks with the help of multifactorial optimization when disinfectant dose was maintained near 3 mg/L as applied chlorine dose in both disinfection cases, while contact time was 62 and 155 min for chlorine and chloramine, respectively.
A study of external mass transfer effect on biodegradation of phenol using low‐density polyethylene immobilized Bacillus flexus GS1 IIT (BHU) in a packed bed bioreactor
Authors: Swain Ganesh , Sonwani Ravi Kumar , Giri Balendu Shekhar , Singh Ram Sharan , Jaiswal Ravi Prakash , Rai Birendra Nath 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe impact of external mass transport on the biodegradation rate of phenol in a packed bed bioreactor (PBBR) was studied. A potential bacterial species, Bacillus flexus GS1 IIT (BHU), was isolated from the petroleum‐contaminated soil. Low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) immobilized with the B. flexus GS1 IIT (BHU) was used as packing material in the PBBR. The PBBR was operated by varying the inlet feed flow rate from 4 to 10 mL/min, and the corresponding degradation rate coefficients were found to be in the range of 0.119–0.157 L/g h. In addition, the highest removal rate of phenol was obtained to be 1.305 mg/g h at an inlet feed rate of 10 mL/min. The external mass transfer was studied using the model . A new empirical correlation for the biodegradation of phenol in the PBBR was developed after the evaluation at various values of K and n.
The test function conjecture for local models of Weil-restricted groups
Authors: Haines Thomas J. , Richarz Timo 
Published: July 2020

We prove the test function conjecture of Kottwitz and the first named author for local models of Shimura varieties with parahoric level structure attached to Weil-restricted groups, as defined by B. Levin. Our result covers the (modified) local models attached toallconnected reductive groups over$p$-adic local fields with$p\geqslant 5$. In addition, we give a self-contained study of relative affine Grassmannians and loop groups formed using general relative effective Cartier divisors in a relative curve over an arbitrary Noetherian affine scheme.