bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brazilian Digital Inclusion Public Policy: achievements and challenges
Authors: Mori Cristina Kiomi , Assumpção Rodrigo Ortiz 
Published: December 2020

Brazilian Digital Inclusion Public Policy: achievements and cha	This article presents the achievements and challenges of the digital inclusion public policy in Brazil from the perspective of agents working within the Federal Government. It starts with statistics on access to ICT infrastructure in general as well as the actual location of Internet use and socio-economic profile of the users. These indicators relate to the Federal Government strategies to face the digital divide. Three main strategies guide the implementation of the digital inclusion public policy: home access, school and community access centers. Effort is made to supply equipments, connectivity, human resources and capacity building programs, monitored by constant evaluation and indicator building processes. Among many ongoing initiatives, the Computers for Inclusion project (inspired by the Canadian Computers for Schools) and the National Digital Inclusion Observatory are explained in detail. The major challenges are then presented: broadband access in all regions; funds for the maintenance of existing infrastructure; local content production; qualified digital inclusion agents; participatory steering mechanisms for programs, community centers and schools; expanding the numbers of digital inclusion units; co-responsibility among Federal, State and Municipal levels. The conclusion ponders that while many results were achieved in implementing and measuring the strategies for bridging the digital divide, overcoming the stated challenges needs the effective involvement of Government in all its levels in partnership with society.
From Rural Women’s Groups to the World:
Authors: Toland Janet 
Published: December 2020

This paper explores the contribution that information and communication technologies (ICTs) make to regional development. ICTs offer the potential to improve the quality of information flow within regional settings. This research investigates the impact that ICTs have at the regional level, and the role they play in developing local, regional and global networks. The ICT networks are themselves affected by local regional culture and this research examines the recursive relationship between the soft networks created by social capital and hard ICT based networks. The setting for this research is regional New Zealand. One urban and one rural region have been studied over the twenty year period, from 1985 to 2005. In the regional setting tacit or soft knowledge is built up through networks such as “Women in Dairying” and “Grey Power”. Social interaction and the exchange of information are easier and cheaper in the regional context. Within the regional setting these soft social networks interact with hard ICT based networks, and when brought together they can facilitate both national and international information flows. A historical approach has been used to plot the development of both soft and hard networks in the two contrasting regions. In terms of soft networks New Zealand became more culturally diverse and liberal especially in the urban areas. Social capital in terms of volunteering and membership of community groups was high throughout the period though its form changed. As the country worked on developing new global trading links with new partners in Asia, there was a parallel fast take up of new ICTs such as the Internet which offered the opportunity to overcome some of the barriers created by the geographic remoteness of New Zealand. The focus of this paper will be on the interplay between these soft social networks and the hard ICT based networks and the role they play in establishing national and global linkages.
Narrating Aboriginality On-Line: Digital Storytelling, Identity and Healing
Authors: Adelson Naomi , Olding Michelle 
Published: December 2020

Digital story-telling is a counter-narrative of healing for many indigenous youth in Canada today. As much as e-health technologies are valuable and empowering an interventionist presumption limits the potential value of digital communication as a healing resource. With examples from three digital story-telling sites, we explore the internet as both a social space and therapeutic tool where indigenous youth are constructing and negotiating Aboriginality through online story sharing. Those digital stories, like other narrative forms, are part of a larger complex of contemporary forms of healing.
Facilitating community innovation: The Outils-Réseaux Way
Authors: Heaton Lorna , Millerand Florence , Proulx Serge 
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we describe the work of Outils-Réseaux, a French group whose mission is to encourage the development and use of collaborative tools by associative movements. We focus in particular on a recent experiment among a group of citizens in Brest, France. Drawing on interviews and an analysis of the content of the project’s Wiki pages, we reflect on the how a training program for group facilitators participates in community innovation, where the community itself is an essential element of the innovation. We explore the coevolution of both technical infrastructure (tools for collaboration) and the community, and show how Outils-Réseaux mediates between the (social) world of users and the technical world of software developers.
The Theory and New Unified Formulas of Displacement-Type Local Absorbing Boundary Conditions
Authors: Xing Haojie , Li Xiaojun , Li Hongjing , Xie Zhinan , Chen Shaolin , Zhou Zhenghua 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTA series of classical absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs), including paraxial-approximation ABCs, Liao’s multi-transmitting formula (MTF), Higdon ABCs, and some other related techniques, have the common feature that the motion of an arbitrary artificial boundary node at each timestep is directly predicted from the motions of some adjacent nodes at several previous timesteps. They are expressed in somewhat equivalent forms, contain similar control parameters, and have comparable accuracy and stability in numerical simulations. This study develops a theoretical framework called displacement-type (a more exact name would be “prediction-type” or “extrapolation-type”) local ABCs to merge these boundary conditions. The idea of this theory mainly originates from the versatility of MTF, which uses a unified formula to approximate the propagation of outgoing waves through each boundary node. This idea can be generalized to other displacement-type local ABCs to unify their expressions and to optimize their applications. These ABCs have two basic control parameters; one is the boundary order, and the other is adjustable computational wave velocities. Considering the poor performance of paraxial ABCs and the slight imperfections in MTF and Higdon ABCs, we propose two new unified formulas to be the starting points of expressing, evaluating, and applying displacement-type local ABCs. One formula is an optimized MTF by introducing various computational wave velocities. The other formula is a generalized Higdon boundary formula, which is established in a unified local coordinate and uses the adjustable computational wave velocities. The rule of choosing boundary parameters for the absorption of acoustic and elastic waves is discussed in detail. Numerical tests validate the proposed theory and formulas. Issues on numerical stability are briefly reviewed and tested in simulation examples. This is still an active research topic related to displacement-type local ABCs.
Currículos excludentes - a construção de uma sociedade lgbtqisfóbica
Authors: Souza Fábio Pinheiro Ramos de 
Published: December 2020

Os currículos enquanto base das relações de ensino-aprendizagem estruturam-se em diretrizes de formação laboral e moral. As novas demandas das minorias sociais, crescente no último século, mostram-se acuadas dentro de uma tradição escolar planejada para o controle dos corpos e dos saberes. A formação está a cargo de um currículo pensado para a exclusão e dominação das práticas, não havendo, de forma estrutural, um pensamento inclusivo. As normatividades, desse modo, integram os ciclos de políticas dos currículos, e dentro delas, lançam como artifícios as violências simbólicas para a coerção e invisibilidade da população LGBTQIS. Pedagogias pensadas para a opressão fazem-se presentes nessa dialética entre (re)produção de preconceitos e normatização de condutas. A escola, desse modo, constrói um currículo excludente que contribui para os processos de construção de uma sociedade LGBTQISfóbica. Em uma análise do currículo escolar, articulada com as experiências divulgadas por Junqueira (2009), este artigo busca entender as dinâmicas vividas pela formação dos corpos, conceitos, preceitos e normalidades da escola brasileira.
A mulher como produto de satisfação masculina na pornografia: uma análise histórico-social
Authors: Amorim de Barros Eloísa , Maria Araújo Machado Layâna , Gato de Sena Biá Mayara , Azevedo Guerreiro Rafaela 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo, tem como proposta apresentar a percepção da sociedade brasileira sobre o que é “ser mulher”, e sobre como esses estereótipos são reproduzidos nas mídias pornográficas, entendendo esse processo como uma construção social que acontece dentro de um sistema machista violento. A construção histórico-social do pornô foi descrita, englobando a era das revistas e fotografias, o avanço tecnológico com o cinema, o VHS, o DVD e, mais atualmente, a internet, podendo perceber o feminino sendo colocado nas mídias sempre de forma submissa e extremamente estereotipada. Além disso busca-se, também, apresentar um panorama das vertentes feministas que apoiam e reprovam a indústria pornográfica e como estas se posicionam com o fato de mulheres serem colocadas como produto comercializado para homens. Se caracteriza como um estudo bibliográfico, exploratório e descritivo, baseado em artigos científicos, livros e entrevistas relacionadas com a temática. Apesar de pouco ser discutido abertamente sobre a pornografia, ela é consumida por uma grande parcela da população e utilizada por muitos como “educadora sexual” sobre aqueles que não detém conhecimentos básicos em relação ao sexo. Já que em uma sociedade patriarcal, machista, misógina e sexista, dificilmente estas práticas serão reconhecidas como problemáticas para a vida das mulheres, em um meio que é voltado apenas para o prazer do público masculino. Por fim, é necessário que outras ciências, como a Psicologia, se apropriem ainda mais dessa discussão para que continue promovendo cuidado e suporte emocional para mulheres que vivenciam violências decorrente do machismo.
Paisagens desconoliais
Authors: Nolasco Edgar Cézar 
Published: December 2020

Detenho-me na leitura da epígrafe-passagem/paisagem convocando a presença do lugar de onde penso no exato momento em que erijo meu discurso crítico aqui, o qual pode e deve, sim, ser entendido como um ensaio biográfico fronteiriço: vivo, trabalho e estou escrevendo o que escrevo agora da zona fronteiriça que compreende uma tríplice fronteira: Mato Grosso do Sul/Brasil/Paraguai/Bolívia. A esse lugar fronteiriço venho denominando há bastante tempo de fronteira-sul.
Prevalence Of Syphilis, Neurosyphilis And Associated Factors In a Cross-Sectional Analysis Of HIV Infected Patients Attending Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania
Authors: Haule Adeodatus Richard , Msemwa Betrand , Mgaya Evarista , Masikini Peter , Kalluvya Samuel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: HIV-syphilis co-infection can enhance the rapid progression of early or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~8% of healthy outpatients and studies done in the 1990s have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis.Methodology: This was a cross sectional study in which adult HIV infected patients who were hospitalized or attending the outpatient Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and screened for syphilis using serum Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA). Blood was also taken for CD4+ T cells and viral load. Those who were found to have syphilis underwent neurological examination for any neurologic deficit and were offered a lumbar puncture. Results: The prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients was found to be 9.6%. The majority of patients were female (72.5%) and median age was 42 years [interquartile range, 32-50]. Most patients were on ART (99.4%). In the study population of 1748 participants, 9.6% were TPHA positive; the majority (89.2%) reported not knowing their syphilis status and not previously been treated. One hundred and forty-one participants with syphilis had neurological examinations performed. Four of these had abnormal findings that necessitated a lumbar puncture. Neurosyphilis was confirmed in one patient (0.7%).Conclusion: The high prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients indicates that there is a need to increase efforts in targeting this population to reduce sexually transmitted infections. Screening for syphilis should be done for all HIV patients given the high prevalence of the infection and the risk that aggressive forms of neurosyphilis can occur despite recovery of CD4+ T cell counts in untreated syphilis.
A multistep computational procedure to identify candidate master Transcriptional Regulators (TRs) of glioblastoma (GBM)
Authors: Cordenonsi Michelangelo , Bicciato Silvio , Piccolo Stefano 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We describe a multistep computational procedure to identify candidate master Transcriptional Regulators (TRs) of glioblastoma (GBM) from glioblastoma single cell gene expression profiles and tissue-specific transcription factors.
Five Crucial Prognostic-Related Autophagy Genes Stratified Female Breast Cancer Patients Aged 40-60 Years
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Zhang Hengchao , Liu Jingjing , Li Ping , Sun Yi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background : Autophagy is closely related to the progression of breast cancer. The aim at this study is to establish a prognostic-related model comprised of hub autophagy-genes (AGs ) to assess patient prognosis. Simultaneously, the model can guide clinicians to make up individualized strategies and stratify patients aged 40-60 years based on risk level. Methods : The hub AGs were identified with univariate COX regression and LASSO regression. The functions and alterations of these selected AGs were analyzed as well. Moreover, the multivariate COX regression and correlation analysis between hub AGs and clinicopathological parameters were done. Results : Totally, 33 prognostic-related AGs were obtained from the univariate COX regression (P<0.05 ) . SERPINA1 , HSPA8 , HSPB8 , MAP1LC3A , and DIRAS3 were identified to constitute the prognostic model by the LASSO regression . The survival curve of patients in high-risk and in low-risk group was statistically significant (P<0.05 ) . The 3-year and 5-year ROC displayed that their AUC value reached 0.762 and 0.825 , respectively . Stage and risk score were independent risk factors relevant about prognosis . RB1CC1 , RPS6KB1 , and BIRC6 were identified as the most predominant mutant genes . It was found that AGs were mainly involved in regulating the endopeptidases synthesis and played important roles in ErbB signal pathway . SERPIN1 , risk score were closely related to stage (P<0.05 ) ; HSPA8, risk score were closely related to T stag (P<0.05 ) ; HSPB8 was closely related to N stag (P<0.05 ). Conclusions : Our prognostic model had relatively robust predictive ability on prognosis for patients aged 40-60 years. If stage was added into 3 the prognostic model, the predictive ability would be more powerful.
G6PD upregulates Cyclin E1 and MMP9 to promote clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Yang Zhe , Zhang Qiao , Ni Yueli , Han Qiaoqiao , Wang Shujie , Agbana Yannick , Bai Honggang , Yi Zihan , Yi Xiaojia , Yang Lijuan , Shi Qiong , Kuang Yingmin , Zhu Yuechun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a cell metabolic disease with high metastasis rate and poor prognosis. Our previous studies demonstrate that glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, is highly expressed in ccRCC and predicts poor outcomes of ccRCC patients. The aims of this study were to confirm the oncogenic role of G6PD in ccRCC and unravels novel mechanisms involving Cyclin E1 and MMP9 in G6PD-mediated ccRCC progression. Methods: Real-time RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the expression patterns of G6PD, Cyclin E1 and MMP9 in ccRCC. TCGA dataset mining was used to identify Cyclin E1 and MMP9 correlations with G6PD expression, relationships between clinicopathological characteristics of ccRCC and the genes of interest, as well as the prognosis of ccRCC patients. The role of G6PD in ccRCC progression and the regulatory effect of G6PD on Cyclin E1 and MMP9 expression were investigated by using a series of cytological function assays in vitro. To verify this mechanism in vivo, xenografted mice models were established. Results: G6PD, Cyclin E1 and MMP9 were overexpressed and positively correlated in ccRCC, and they were associated with poor prognosis of ccRCC patients. Moreover, G6PD changed cell cycle dynamics, facilitated cells proliferation, promoted migration in vitro, and enhanced ccRCC development in vivo, more likely through enhancing Cyclin E1 and MMP9 expression. Conclusion: These findings present G6PD, Cyclin E1 and MMP9, which contribute to ccRCC progression, as novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for ccRCC treatment.
A Topological Switch in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Modulates Channel Activity and Sensitivity to Disease-Causing Mutation
Authors: Scholl Daniel , Sigoillot Maud , Overtus Marie , Colomer Rafael , Martens Chloé , Wang Yiting , Pardon Els , Laeremans Toon , Garcia-Pino Abel , Steyaert Jan , Sheppard David , Hendrix Jelle , Govaerts Cedric 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) anion channel is essential to maintain fluid homeostasis in key organs such as the lungs or the digestive systems. Functional impairment of CFTR due to mutation in the cftr gene lead to Cystic Fibrosis (CF) the most common lethal genetic disorder. Here we observe that the first nucleotide-binding domain (NBD1) of CFTR can spontaneously adopt an alternative conformation that departs from the canonical NBD fold previously observed for CFTR and other ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins. Crystallography studies reveal that this conformation involves a topological reorganization of the β-subdomain of NBD1. This alternative state is adopted by wild-type CFTR in cells, where it leads to enhanced channel activity. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy shows that the equilibrium between the conformations is regulated by ATP binding. However, under destabilizing conditions, such as a the prominent disease-causing mutation F508el , this conformational flexibility enables unfolding of the β-subdomain. Our data indicate that in wild-type CFTR switching to this topologically-swapped conformation of NBD1 regulates channel function, but, in the presence of the F508del mutation, it allows domain misfolding and subsequent protein degradation. Our work provides a framework to design conformation-specific therapeutics to prevent noxious transitions.
Application of Three-dimensional Visualization assisted Ultrasound for Percutaneous Renal Puncture
Authors: Xu Zhibin , Li Zhenchi , Guo Maomao , Bian Hao , Niu Tianli , Wang Jiangping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present here the three-dimensional (3D) visualization fused with ultrasound and to evaluate its clinical application effect preliminarily. One hundred and eighteen patients with renal calculi in our hospital from September 2017 to December 2019 were prospectively randomized into two groups. The experimental group was treated with percutaneous renal puncture guided by the 3D visualization fused with ultrasound. The control group was treated with percutaneous renal puncture guided by B-ultrasonography (B-US). The puncture time, operation time, and the loss of hemoglobin in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, and the success rate of establishing the channel at one time, and the coincidence rate between the channel and the longitudinal axis of the target renal calyx were higher. The stone clearance rate in the experimental group was higher, while the postoperative blood transfusion rate and interventional embolization rate in the experimental group were significantly lower. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). 3D visualization assisted ultrasound could preliminarily guide precise navigation to puncture tissues, reduced operation time and bleeding, improved stone clearance rate and operation safety.
Evaluation of an International Medical E-Learning Course with Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning
Authors: Borakati Aditya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In the context of the ongoing pandemic, e-learning has become essential to maintain existing medical educational programmes. Evaluation of such courses has thus far been on a small scale at single institutions. Further, systematic appraisal of the large volume of qualitative feedback generated by massive online e-learning courses manually is time consuming. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an e-learning course targeting medical students collaborating in an international cohort study, with semi-automated analysis of feedback using text mining and machine learning methods.Method: This study was based on a multi-centre cohort study exploring gastrointestinal recovery following elective colorectal surgery. Collaborators were invited to complete a series of e-learning modules on key aspects of the study and complete a feedback questionnaire on the modules. Quantitative data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using text mining with most frequent words, sentiment analysis with the AFINN-111 and syuzhet lexicons and topic modelling using the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). Results: 1,611 collaborators from 24 countries completed the e-learning course; 1,396 (86.7%) were medical students; 1,067 (66.2%) entered feedback. 1,031 (96.6%) rated the quality of the course a 4/5 or higher (mean 4.56; SD 0.58). The mean sentiment score using the AFINN was +1.54/5 (5: most positive; SD 1.19) and +0.287/1 (1: most positive; SD 0.390) using syuzhet. LDA generated topics consolidated into the themes: (1) ease of use, (2) conciseness and (3) interactivity.Conclusions: E-learning can have high user satisfaction for training investigators of clinical studies and medical students. Natural language processing may be beneficial in analysis of large scale educational courses.