bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Source and response soft charges for Maxwell theory on AdSd
Authors: Esmaeili Erfan , Hosseinzadeh Vahid , Sheikh-Jabbari M.M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe study asymptotic symmetries and their associated charges for Maxwell theory on anti de Sitter (AdS) background in any dimension. This is obtained by con- structing a conserved symplectic structure for the bulk and a theory on the boundary, which we specify. We show that the boundary phase space is described by two scalars and two sets of “source” and “response” boundary gauge transformations. The bulk dynamics is invariant under these two sets of boundary transformations. We study the (soft) charges associated with these two sets and show that they form an infinite dimensional Heisenberg type algebra. Studying the large AdS radius flat space limit, we show only the source soft charges survive. We also analyze algebra of charges associated with SO(d −1,2) isometries of the background AdSdspace and study how they act on our source and response charges. We briefly discuss implication of our results for the AdS/CFT.
Time and space-resolved quantification of plasma membrane sialylation for measurements of cell function and neurotoxicity
Authors: Kranaster Petra , Karreman Christiaan , Dold Jeremias E. G. A. , Krebs Alice , Funke Melina , Holzer Anna-Katharina , Klima Stefanie , Nyffeler Johanna , Helfrich Stefan , Wittmann Valentin , Leist Marcel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile there are many methods to quantify the synthesis, localization, and pool sizes of proteins and DNA during physiological responses and toxicological stress, only few approaches allow following the fate of carbohydrates. One of them is metabolic glycoengineering (MGE), which makes use of chemically modified sugars (CMS) that enter the cellular biosynthesis pathways leading to glycoproteins and glycolipids. The CMS can subsequently be coupled (via bio-orthogonal chemical reactions) to tags that are quantifiable by microscopic imaging. We asked here, whether MGE can be used in a quantitative and time-resolved way to study neuronal glycoprotein synthesis and its impairment. We focused on the detection of sialic acid (Sia), by feeding human neurons the biosynthetic precursor N-acetyl-mannosamine, modified by an azide tag. Using this system, we identified non-toxic conditions that allowed live cell labeling with high spatial and temporal resolution, as well as the quantification of cell surface Sia. Using combinations of immunostaining, chromatography, and western blotting, we quantified the percentage of cellular label incorporation and effects on glycoproteins such as polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule. A specific imaging algorithm was used to quantify Sia incorporation into neuronal projections, as potential measure of complex cell function in toxicological studies. When various toxicants were studied, we identified a subgroup (mitochondrial respiration inhibitors) that affected neurite glycan levels several hours before any other viability parameter was affected. The MGE-based neurotoxicity assay, thus allowed the identification of subtle impairments of neurochemical function with very high sensitivity.
Comparison of drug-related problem risk assessment tools for older adults: a systematic review
Authors: Puumalainen Emmi , Airaksinen Marja , Jalava Sanni E. , Chen Timothy F. , Dimitrow Maarit 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to systematically review studies describing screening tools that assess the risk for drug-related problems (DRPs) in older adults (≥ 60 years). The focus of the review is to compare DRP risks listed in different tools and describe their development methods and validation.MethodsThe systematic search was conducted using evidence-based medicine, Medline Ovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from January 1, 1985, to April 7, 2016. Publications describing general DRP risk assessment tools for older adults written in English were included. Disease, therapy, and drug-specific tools were excluded. Outcome measures included an assessment tool’s content, development methods, and validation assessment.ResultsThe search produced 15 publications describing 11 DRP risk assessment tools. Three major categories of risks for DRPs included (1) patient or caregiver related risks; (2) pharmacotherapy-related risks; and (3) medication use process-related risks. Of all the risks included in the tools only 8 criteria appeared in at least 4 of the tools, problems remembering to take the medication being the most common (n=7). Validation assessments varied and content validation was the most commonly conducted (n = 9). Reliability assessment was conducted for 6 tools, most commonly by calculating internal consistency (n = 3) and inter-rater reliability (n = 2).ConclusionsThe considerable variety between the contents of the tools indicates that there is no consensus on the risk factors for DRPs that should be screened in older adults taking multiple medicines. Further research is needed to improve the accuracy and timeliness of the DRP risk assessment tools.
Exposure to bullying behaviours and support from co-workers and supervisors: a three-way interaction and the effect on health and well-being
Authors: Blomberg Stefan , Rosander Michael 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Workplace bullying can be very stressful and it has detrimental effects on health and well-being which makes it an important area of study. Social support has traditionally been seen as important in moderating work-related stress. It was hypothesised that the negative association between exposure to bullying behaviours, and health and well-being is moderated by (a) perceived support from close co-workers and (b) perceived supportive leadership. In the study, we also investigated a three-way interaction between exposure to bullying behaviours, perceived support from close co-workers and perceived supportive leadership. This association has not been studied before and add new knowledge to the research field.

Methods
We used a moderated moderation analysis of workplace bullying, co-worker support and supervisor support using cross-sectional data from a work environment survey with 1383 respondents (75% response rate).

Results
The moderated moderation analysis confirmed the moderating effect of perceived co-worker support but not the moderating effect of perceived supervisor support. There was a three-way interaction, but not in the case of the lowest 12.6% of perceived supervisor support scores.

Conclusions
These results indicate that the negative effect of workplace bullying on health and well-being is weaker if victims perceive that they have co-worker support, but this protective effect seems to be conditional on the perceived level of supervisor support. In other words, lack of supportive leadership may block the beneficial effect of perceived co-worker support.
Holmium laser lithotripsy improves the rate of successful transcystic laparoscopic common bile duct exploration
Authors: Jones Timothy , Al Musawi Jasim , Navaratne Lalin , Martinez-Isla Alberto 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Transcystic laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) seems safer than transductal LCBDE and is associated with fewer biliary complications. It has traditionally been limited to smaller bile duct stones however. This study aimed to assess the ability of laser-assisted bile duct exploration by laparoendoscopy (LABEL) to increase the rate of successful transcystic LCBDE in patients with bile duct stones at the time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Methods
Patients undergoing LCBDE between 2014 and 2018 were retrospectively analysed. Baseline demographic and medical characteristics were recorded, as well as intra-operative findings and post-procedure outcomes. Standard LCBDE via the transcystic route was initially attempted in all patients, and LABEL was only utilised if there was failure to achieve transcystic duct clearance. The transductal route was utilised for failed transcystic extraction.

Results
One hundred and seventy-nine consecutive patients underwent LCBDE; 119 (66.5%) underwent unaided transcystic extraction, 29 (16.2%) required LABEL to achieve transcystic extraction and 31 (17.3%) failed transcystic extraction (despite the use of LABEL in 7 of these cases) and hence required conversion to transductal LCBDE. As such, LABEL could be considered to increase the rate of successful transcystic extraction from 66.5% (119/179) to 82.7% (148/179). Patients requiring LABEL were however more likely to experience major complications (CD III–IV 5.6% vs 0.7%, p = 0.042) although none were specifically attributable to the laser intra-operatively.

Conclusions
LABEL is an effective adjunct to LCBDE that improves the rate of successful transcystic extraction.
Nonstructural p26 proteins encoded by the 3’-proximal genes of velariviruses and criniviruses are orthologs
Authors: Rogozin I. B. , Agranovsky A. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe 3’-most genes in RNA-2 of the Crinivirus genus members (family Closteroviridae) code for non-structural p26 proteins that share amino acid sequence similarity [Stewart LR, Hwang MS, Falk BW (2009) Virus Res 145:293-299]. In this study, sensitive bioinformatic tools have been used to identify the homologous p26 proteins encoded by the 3’ genes in monopartite genomes of the members of Velarivirus, another Closteroviridae genus, and mint vein banding-associated virus, an unassigned member of the family. The p26 proteins showed similarity in their predicted secondary structures, but an amino acid sequence alignment showed no strictly conserved positions, thus indicating a high plasticity of these non-structural proteins. The implications of the sequence analysis for possible functions of the crinivirus and velarivirus p26 proteins are discussed.
Using Genetics to Examine a General Liability to Childhood Psychopathology
Authors: Riglin Lucy , Thapar Ajay K. , Leppert Beate , Martin Joanna , Richards Alexander , Anney Richard , Davey Smith George , Tilling Kate , Stergiakouli Evie , Lahey Benjamin B. , O’Donovan Michael C. , Collishaw Stephan , Thapar Anita 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPsychiatric disorders show phenotypic as well as genetic overlaps. There are however also marked developmental changes throughout childhood. We investigated the extent to which, for a full range of early childhood psychopathology, a general “p” factor was explained by genetic liability, as indexed by multiple different psychiatric polygenic risk scores (PRS) and whether these relationships altered with age. The sample was a UK, prospective, population-based cohort with psychopathology data at age 7 (N = 8161) and age 13 (N = 7017). PRS were generated from large published genome-wide association studies. At both ages, we found evidence for a childhood “p” factor as well as for specific factors. Schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) PRS were associated with this general “p” factor at both ages but depression and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) PRS were not. We also found some evidence of associations between schizophrenia, ADHD and depression PRS with specific factors, but these were less robust and there was evidence for developmental changes.
Enriching Mathematics Education with Visual Arts: Effects on Elementary School Students’ Ability in Geometry and Visual Arts
Authors: Schoevers Eveline M. , Leseman Paul P. M. , Kroesbergen Evelyn H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study evaluates the effects of the Mathematics, Arts, and Creativity in Education (MACE) program on students’ ability in geometry and visual arts in the upper grades of elementary school. The program consisted of a lesson series for fourth, fifth, and sixth grade students in which geometry and visual arts were integrated, alongside with a professional development program for teachers. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in which three groups of teachers and their classes were investigated. One group of teachers taught the lesson series and followed a professional development program (n = 36), one group of teachers only taught the lesson series (n = 36), and a comparison group taught a series of traditional geometry lessons from mathematical textbooks (n = 43). A geometrical ability, creativity, and vocabulary test and a visual arts assignment were used in a pre- and post-measurements to test the effects of the MACE program. Results showed that students who received the MACE lesson series improved more than students who received regular geometry lessons only in geometrical aspects perceived in a visual artwork. Regarding students’ understanding and explanation of geometrical phenomena and geometrical creative thinking, all students improved, but no differences between the groups were found, which implies that on these aspects the MACE program was as effective as the comparison group that received a more traditional form of geometry education.
Mental Health Problems Among Adolescents in Sweden from 1995 to 2011: The Role of Immigrant Status and the Proportions of Immigrant Adolescents in Their Surrounding Community
Authors: Kim Yunhwan , Evans Brittany E. , Hagquist Curt 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe compared the mental health of native and immigrant adolescents in Sweden from 1995 to 2011 and examined whether the municipality-level proportion of immigrant adolescents moderated the association between individual-level immigrant status and mental health. The sample (14,189 adolescents aged 15–16) was obtained from a repeated cross-sectional study conducted from 1995 to 2011. Adolescent self-report data (gender, immigrant status, economic situation, and mental health) and municipality-level data (proportion of immigrant adolescents) were used in multilevel linear regression analyses. Immigrant adolescents reported more mental health problems than their native Swedish peers. The long-term trend in mental health problems did not differ between the two groups. The association between individual immigrant status and mental health did not differ according to the municipality-level rate of immigrant adolescents. These findings highlight the need for public health attention to and efforts to address immigrant adolescents’ mental health problems in Sweden.
Against ‘functional gravitational energy’: a critical note on functionalism, selective realism, and geometric objects and gravitational energy
Authors: Duerr Patrick M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present paper revisits the debate between realists about gravitational energy in GR (who opine that gravitational energy can be said to meaningfully exist in GR) and anti-realists/eliminativists (who deny this). I re-assess the arguments underpinning Hoefer’s seminal eliminativist stance, and those of their realist detractors’ responses. A more circumspect reading of the former is proffered that discloses where the so far not fully appreciated,realchallenges lie for realism about gravitational energy. I subsequently turn to Lam and Read’s recent proposals for such a realism. Their arguments are critically examined. Special attention is devoted to the adequacy of Read’s appeals to functionalism, imported from the philosophy of mind.
Juvenile Dermatomyositis—Clinical Phenotypes
Authors: Li Danyang , Tansley Sarah L 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurpose of ReviewJuvenile dermatomyositis is a heterogeneous disease with variable clinical outcomes. Here, we describe the recognised subtypes of idiopathic inflammatory myositis which occur in children, with particular reference to disease-associated autoantibodies.Recent FindingsLarge cohort studies have demonstrated that myositis autoantibodies are common in juvenile dermatomyositis and can be found in the majority of patients. They identify homogenous clinical subgroups and inform prognosis, particularly the risks of developing interstitial lung disease. Descriptions of immune-mediated necrotising myositis in juvenile patients have highlighted a rare but important clinical subset typically associated with severe muscle disease and treatment resistance.SummaryIt is increasingly apparent that autoantibodies can provide detailed information on prognosis and the likely disease associations in those with juvenile dermatomyositis. Further work is needed to establish how this knowledge should influence our approach to treatment.
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Permian Coals of India: Source and Significance
Authors: Naik Amiya Shankar 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The organic matter entrapped in the sediments often retain their molecular structures for millions of years. These structures hold important clues to the origin, precursors and proxies for the sedimentary environment. The investigation on the Permian coals reveal pyrene, benzo[a] anthracene, fluoranthene, indeno [1,2,3-cd] pyrene, chrysene, triphenylene, benzo[a] pyrene, benzo[e] pyrene, perylene, benzo[ghi] perylene and coronene which offer a window to the geological episodes of the past. There are two categories of PAH in the sediments, one formed from biological molecules through diagenetic process and the second class formed due to the effect of heat and fire. PAH such as pyrene, benzo[a] anthracene, fluoranthene, indeno[1,2,3-cd] pyrene, benzo[a] pyrene, coronene and chrysene, are product of vegetation fire, these pyrogenic products may have been introduced into the paleomire by the riverine channels. The global fire in the end of Permian is well recorded in geological history which was followed by Permian–Triassic P/T mass extinction. These PAH possibly represent the vegetation fire during the Permian. The PAH are also environmentally sensitive as they are known to create health hazards causing cancer to humans. Therefore, coal extraction and utilization pose a major challenge in coal handling plants, thermal power plants, metallurgical industries and other coal based industries.
Potential Use of ASTER Derived Emissivity, Thermal Inertia and Albedo Image for Discriminating Different Rock Types of Aravalli Group of Rocks, Rajasthan
Authors: Rani Komal , Guha Arindam , Pal Sanjit Kumar , Kumar K. Vinod 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
In the present study, broad band emissivity, apparent thermal inertia and albedo image products have been derived based on processing of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and reflection (ASTER) data and analyzed their potential for delineating different metasedimentary units of Aravalli Group in Rajasthan. The major focus of the work is to analyze the potential of emissivity bands with respect to conjugated image product of emissivity, albedo and inertia for discriminating different rock types. In this regard, it was observed that combined use of emissivity, thermal inertia and albedo was effective for delineating different rock types as the combined variation of thermo-physical and mineralogical properties were recorded in these parameters. On the other hand, broad band emissivity spectra of rocks of the study area had subtle contrast, which was not optimum for the discrimination of different rock types. This was evident in the ASTER derived emissivity composite in which spatial delineation of rocks of the study area was not possible. Therefore, it is concluded that the combined use of albedo, thermal inertia and emissivity was suitable to delineate different metasedimentary rocks. This was also evident from the three dimensional data plot of selected emissivity band, inertia and albedo which separated different rocks from one another.
Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Stream Water in Parts of Gadag, Koppal and Ballery Districts of Karnataka, India
Authors: Bhat Nadeem Ahmad , Ghosh Prasun , Ahmed Waseem , Naaz Farha , Priyadashinee Alakananda 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Seventeen water samples were collected from various streams in parts of Gadag, Koppal and Ballery districts of Karnataka and analyzed for major ions and heavy metals to determine the processes controlling surface water chemistry and suitability of water for drinking, livestock uses and irrigation purposes. The water samples are moderately alkaline to alkaline in nature and soft to moderately hard. The order of cations is Na&gt;Ca&gt;Mg&gt;K, of anions is HCO3&gt;Cl&gt;SO4&gt;CO3&gt;NO3 and heavy metals Sr&gt;Fe&gt;V&gt;Ba&gt;Zn&gt;Ni&gt;Mn&gt;As&gt;Cu&gt;Cr&gt;Pb&gt;Co. According to Gibbs diagram, the water samples fall in the dominant rock–water interaction area, suggesting chemical weathering of the rock forming minerals as the main process contributing ions to the surface water. Scatter plots of Ca + Mg vs HCO3 + SO4 and Ca/Na vs HCO3/Na clearly indicate the silicate weathering playing a dominant role on water chemistry. The evolution of surface water into Ca-Na-HCO3 and Ca-HCO3 water types is due to easy dissolution of silicate minerals and less time for water-rock interaction. Surface water samples are characterized by Na-Ca-HCO3-Cl the principal water type of schoeller’s plot, which can be related to the weathering of the silicate rocks along with some anthropogenic input. The physical parameters, major ions and heavy metals are within the permissible limits of WHO and BIS standards except for two samples, suggesting the water as suitable for domestic and livestock uses. The stream water is suitable for irrigation as per the quality parameters and plots including EC, sodium percent, sodium adsorption ratio, Wilcox and USDA classification diagrams.
Expanded universal carrier screening and its implementation within a publicly funded healthcare service
Authors: Rowe Charlotte A. , Wright Caroline F 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCarrier screening, a well-established clinical initiative, has been slow to take advantage of the new possibilities offered by high-throughput next generation sequencing technologies. There is evidence of significant benefit in expanding carrier screening to include multiple autosomal recessive conditions and offering a ‘universal’ carrier screen that could be used for a pan-ethnic population. However, the challenges of implementing such a programme and the difficulties of demonstrating efficacy worthy of public health investment are significant barriers. In order for such a programme to be successful, it would need to be applicable and acceptable to the population, which may be ethnically and culturally diverse. There are significant practical and ethical implications associated with determining which variants, genes and conditions to include whilst maintaining adequate sensitivity and accuracy. Although preconception screening would maximise the potential benefits from universal carrier screening, the resource implications of different modes of delivery need to be carefully evaluated and balanced against maximising reproductive autonomy and ensuring equity of access. Currently, although a number of existing initiatives are increasing access to carrier screening, there is insufficient evidence to inform the development of a publicly funded, expanded, universal carrier screening programme that would justify investment over other healthcare interventions.