bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review Comparing Cost Analyses of Fasciectomy, Needle Aponeurotomy, and Collagenase Injection for Treatment of Dupuytren’s Contracture
Authors: Fitzpatrick Alanna Victoria , Moltaji Syena , Ramji Maleka , Martin Stuart 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: Surgeons now have a variety of treatment options for Dupuytren’s contracture including traditional partial fasciectomy (PF), percutaneous needle aponeurotomy (PNA), and collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCH) injection. An important factor in clinical decision making is the cost-effectiveness of the various modalities, as will be discussed in this article. Methods: A literature search was performed by 2 independent reviewers. A total of 14 articles and 3 abstracts met inclusion criteria. Papers were excluded for non-English language, insufficient breakdown of costs by treatment type, promotional materials, or works-in-progress. Cost data were extracted and subsequently converted to US dollars. Weighted means were used to objectively pool data that were sufficiently similar in methodology and population. Results: Seven observational cohort studies were pooled and found to have a weighted mean cost in favour of PNA at US$3335 per patient as compared to CCH at US$3673.14 and PF at US$4734.14. Two expected-value decision analysis models were in agreement that PF is not cost-effective, but they differed on whether PNA or CCH was the most cost-effective strategy. Two cost minimization studies agreed that CCH was less costly than PF by US$486. One cost–benefit analysis found no significant cost benefit to CCH or PF, but found significant indirect benefit to CCH. Overall 10 of 17 studies found CCH to be superior with respect to direct cost, indirect cost, or both. Only 2 of the 17 studies found PF to be the most cost-effective method. Of the 7 studies that considered PNA, 4 found it to be lowest cost. Conclusion: The vast majority of studies found PF to be the most costly treatment modality; however, it is still the treatment of choice in certain clinical scenarios. It is difficult to compare CCH to PNA, as many studies did not consider PNA. More studies, especially considering indirect costs, are required to be able to accurately determine which method is most cost-effective.
Optimising immunisation in children with 22q11 microdeletion
Authors: Berkhout Angela , Preece Kahn , Varghese Vanil , Prasad Vinita , Heussler Helen , Clark Julia , Wen Sophie C. H. 
Published: October 2020

Background: The condition known as 22q11 microdeletion syndrome has a broad phenotypic spectrum, with many affected individuals experiencing mild-to-moderate immunodeficiency. Currently, there are significant variations in live vaccine practices and immunological testing prior to live vaccine administration due to safety concerns and limited established guidelines. Methods: Queensland Children’s Hospital (QCH) Child Development Unit, offers a state-wide 22q11 microdeletion clinic. This is a retrospective single-centre review, capturing the majority of children with 22q11 microdeletion in Queensland, Australia. We describe the live vaccination status of 134 children, age 0 to 18 years under our care between 2000 and 2018, adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) and the proportion of children who received additional pneumococcal coverage. An immunological investigation pathway prior to live vaccine administration is proposed. Results: Of the 134 children, 124 were eligible for live vaccinations as per the Australian National Immunisation Program: 82% had received dose one of measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine, 77% had completed MMR dose two and 66% had completed varicella immunisation. There were no AEFI notifications reported. Of the total sample of children, 18% received a fourth dose of conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (Prevenar 7 or 13) and 16% received a dose of Pneumovax 23 from 4 years of age. Immunology workup practices were demonstrated to vary widely prior to live vaccine administration. Most patients’ immune profiles were consistent with mild-to-moderate immunodeficiency. Conclusion: We propose an immunological investigation and vaccination pathway with the aim of providing guidance and consistency to clinicians caring for children with 22q11 microdeletion.
Gelatin nanoparticles enable water dispersibility and potentialize the antimicrobial activity of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) oil
Authors: Castro Gabrielle Mahara Martins Azevedo , Passos Thais Souza , Nascimento Sara Sayonara da Cruz , Medeiros Isaiane , Araújo Nathália Kelly , Maciel Bruna Leal Lima , Padilha Carlos Eduardo , Ramalho Adriana Margarida Zanbotto , Sousa Júnior Francisco Canidé , de Assis Cristiane Fernandes 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Buriti oil presents numerous health benefits, but due to its lipophilic nature and high oxidation, it is impossible to incorporate it into aqueous food matrices. Thus, the present study evaluated whether powder nanoparticles based on porcine gelatin (OPG) and in combination with sodium alginate (OAG) containing buriti oil obtained by O/W emulsification followed by freeze-drying enabled water dispersibility and preserved or increased the antimicrobial activity of the oil.

Results
OPG presented spherical shape, smooth surface, smaller particle size and polydispersity index [51.0 (6.07) nm and 0.40 (0.05)], and better chemical interaction between the nonpolar amino acids and the hydrophobic oil chain. OPG also presented a higher dispersibility percentage [85.62% (7.82)] than OAG [50.19% (7.24)] (p < 0.05), and significantly increased the antimicrobial activity of the oil by 59, 62, and 43% for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively.

Conclusions
Thus, nanoencapsulation in gelatin is a promising strategy to increase the potential to use buriti oil in foods.
Antibiotic affects the gut microbiota composition and expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and myofiber types in skeletal muscle of piglets
Authors: Yan Honglin , Yu Bing , Degroote Jeroen , Spranghers Thomas , Van Noten Noémie , Majdeddin Maryam , Van Poucke Mario , Peelman Luc , De Vrieze Jo , Boon Nico , Gielen Ingrid , Smet Stefaan De , Chen Daiwen , Michiels Joris 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundEarly-life antibiotic administration is known to affect gut microbiota and host adiposity, but the effects of antibiotic exposure on skeletal muscle properties remain unknown. The present study evaluated the changes in skeletal muscle properties including myofiber characteristics and composition, as well as intramuscular fat (IMF) content in skeletal muscle of piglets when exposed to a tylosin-containing diet.ResultsA total of 18 piglets (28 days of age) were randomly allocated into two groups: control basal diet (Control) and Control + 100 mg tylosin phosphate/kg of feed (Antibiotic). The trial lasted for 39 days. High-throughput amplicon sequencing revealed that no significant difference in initial gut microbiota composition was existed between Control and Antibiotic groups. Antibiotic administration increased body weight and growth rate and decreased feed to gain ratio of pigs (P < 0.05). The carcass lean and fat volumes of pigs were increased by the tylosin administration (P < 0.05). Antibiotic treatment increased myofiber density and the expression of genes related to type I and type IIb myofibers inlongissimusmuscle (P < 0.05). The IMF content inlongissimusmuscle was increased by antibiotic exposure (P < 0.05). Antibiotic administration increased expression of genes related to fatty acid uptake and de novo synthesis, and decreased expression of genes related to triglyceride hydrolysis (P < 0.05). Tylosin administration affected taxonomic distribution and beta diversity of the caecal and colonic microbiota of piglets.ConclusionThese results confirm that the growth performance, myofiber composition and muscle lipid metabolism are affected by antibiotic administration, which may be associated with an altered gut microbiota, suggesting that the gut microbiota could be served as a potential target for modulating skeletal muscle properties of host.
Automated discretization of ‘transpiration restriction to increasing VPD’ features from outdoors high-throughput phenotyping data
Authors: Kar Soumyashree , Tanaka Ryokei , Korbu Lijalem Balcha , Kholová Jana , Iwata Hiroyoshi , Durbha Surya S. , Adinarayana J. , Vadez Vincent 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundRestricting transpiration under high vapor pressure deficit (VPD) is a promising water-saving trait for drought adaptation. However, it is often measured under controlled conditions and at very low throughput, unsuitable for breeding. A few high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) studies exist, and have considered only maximum transpiration rate in analyzing genotypic differences in this trait. Further, no study has precisely identified the VPD breakpoints where genotypes restrict transpiration under natural conditions. Therefore, outdoors HTP data (15 min frequency) of a chickpea population were used to automate the generation of smooth transpiration profiles, extract informative features of the transpiration response to VPD for optimal genotypic discretization, identify VPD breakpoints, and compare genotypes.ResultsFifteen biologically relevant features were extracted from the transpiration rate profiles derived from load cells data. Genotypes were clustered (C1, C2, C3) and 6 most important features (with heritability > 0.5) were selected using unsupervised Random Forest. All the wild relatives were found in C1, while C2 and C3 mostly comprised high TE and low TE lines, respectively. Assessment of the distinct p-value groups within each selected feature revealed highest genotypic variation for the feature representing transpiration response to high VPD condition. Sensitivity analysis on a multi-output neural network model (with R of 0.931, 0.944, 0.953 for C1, C2, C3, respectively) found C1 with the highest water saving ability, that restricted transpiration at relatively low VPD levels, 56% (i.e. 3.52 kPa) or 62% (i.e. 3.90 kPa), depending whether the influence of other environmental variables was minimum or maximum. Also, VPD appeared to have the most striking influence on the transpiration response independently of other environment variable, whereas light, temperature, and relative humidity alone had little/no effect.ConclusionThrough this study, we present a novel approach to identifying genotypes with drought-tolerance potential, which overcomes the challenges in HTP of the water-saving trait. The six selected features served as proxy phenotypes for reliable genotypic discretization. The wild chickpeas were found to limit water-loss faster than the water-profligate cultivated ones. Such an analytic approach can be directly used for prescriptive breeding applications, applied to other traits, and help expedite maximized information extraction from HTP data.
European expert network on rare communicable diseases and other rare diseases linked to mobility and globalisation focused on health care provision (EURaDMoG): a feasibility study
Authors: Requena-Méndez Ana , Bisoffi Zeno , Vives-Corrons Joan-Lluis , Gascon Joaquim , Plasència Antoni 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction
In the current mobility and globalization context, there is a growing need to identify potential changes on the pattern of diseases in the European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) and provide accurate diagnosis and treatment for the population. The pattern of rare communicable diseases that can affect people returning to EU/EEA from travel abroad, visiting EU/EEA or establishing in the EU/EEA is of special relevance. The objective of this manuscript is to give an overview about the EURaDMoG study and discuss the feasibility of establishing a European network on rare communicable diseases and other rare conditions linked to mobility and globalization.

Methods
We undertook a three-steps process where we first conducted a narrative review to estimate the prevalence and incidence and to list rare communicable and non-communicable diseases linked to mobility and globalization in the EU/EEA; second, we organized an international consultation workshop with experts in the diseases previously selected; and finally, the feasibility study analysed how successful a European expert network on rare diseases linked to mobility and globalization focused on health care provision would be, accounting for different operational and also sustainability criteria.

Results
First, considering the areas or topics that the network should cover, it was concluded that communicable and non-communicable rare diseases linked to mobility and globalization should be differentiated. Second, since all non-communicable rare diseases linked to mobility and globalization identified are already covered by different European Reference Networks (ERNs), there is no need for them to be included in a new European network. Three scenarios were considered for establishing a potential European network for rare communicable diseases linked to Mobility and Globalisation with a focus on Health Care provision: 1) To maintain the current situation “Status Quo” scenario; 2) to create a specific European expert network (EEN) on rare communicable diseases linked to mobility and globalisation; 3) to develop a new ERN on communicable rare diseases linked to mobility and globalisation.

Conclusions
Since the focus is the provision of health care, an ERN could have the potential to better boost the quality of care being facilitated by technological tools and online platforms that permit the safe and ethically acceptable exchange of data. However, this potential new network should not eclipse current existing networks and they should be complementary.
The design and construction of reference pangenome graphs with minigraph
Authors: Li Heng , Feng Xiaowen , Chu Chong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe recent advances in sequencing technologies enable the assembly of individual genomes to the quality of the reference genome. How to integrate multiple genomes from the same species and make the integrated representation accessible to biologists remains an open challenge. Here, we propose a graph-based data model and associated formats to represent multiple genomes while preserving the coordinate of the linear reference genome. We implement our ideas in the minigraph toolkit and demonstrate that we can efficiently construct a pangenome graph and compactly encode tens of thousands of structural variants missing from the current reference genome.
Therapeutic benefits of music-based synchronous finger tapping in Parkinson’s disease—an fNIRS study protocol for randomized controlled trial in Dalian, China
Authors: Pu Lanlan , Qureshi Nauman Khalid , Ly Joanne , Zhang Bingwei , Cong Fengyu , Tang William C. , Liang Zhanhua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Music therapy improves neuronal activity and connectivity of healthy persons and patients with clinical symptoms of neurological diseases like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and major depression. Despite the plethora of publications that have reported the positive effects of music interventions, little is known about how music improves neuronal activity and connectivity in afflicted patients.

Methods
For patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD), we propose a daily 25-min music-based synchronous finger tapping (SFT) intervention for 8 weeks. Eligible participants with PD are split into two groups: an intervention group and a control arm. In addition, a third cohort of healthy controls will be recruited. Assessment of finger tapping performances, the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), an n-back test, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), as well as oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR), and total hemoglobin activation collected by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) are measured at baseline, week 4 (during), week 8 (post), and week 12 (retention) of the study. Data collected from the two PD groups are compared to baseline performances from healthy controls.

Discussion
This exploratory prospective trial study investigates the cortical neuronal activity and therapeutic effects associated with an auditory external cue used to induce automatic and implicit synchronous finger tapping in patients diagnosed with PD. The extent to which the intervention is effective may be dependent on the severity of the disease. The study’s findings are used to inform larger clinical studies for optimization and further exploration of the therapeutic effects of movement-based music therapy on neural activity in neurological diseases.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04212897. Registered on December 30, 2019. The participant recruitment and study protocol have received ethical approval from the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. The hospital Protocol Record number is PJ-KY-2019-123. The protocol was named “fNIRS Studies of Music Intervention of Parkinson’s Disease.” The current protocol is version 1.1, revised on September 1, 2020.
Investigation of linear difference equations with random effects
Authors: Merdan Mehmet , Şişman Şeyma 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, random linear difference equations obtained by transforming the components of deterministic difference equations to random variables are investigated. Uniform, Bernoulli, binomial, negative binomial (or Pascal), geometric, hypergeometric and Poisson distributions have been used for the random effects for obtaining the random behavior of linear difference equations. The random version of the Z-transform, the RZ-transform, has been used to obtain an approximation for the random linear difference equation. Approximate expected values and variances are calculated by using the RZ-transform. The results have been obtained with Maple and are shown in graphs. It is shown that the random Z-transform is an effective tool for the investigation of random linear difference equations.
Precision medicine in Parkinson’s disease patients with LRRK2 and GBA risk variants – Let’s get even more personal
Authors: von Linstow Christian U. , Gan-Or Ziv , Brundin Patrik 
Published: October 2020

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by motor deficits and a wide variety of non-motor symptoms. The age of onset, rate of disease progression and the precise profile of motor and non-motor symptoms display considerable individual variation. Neuropathologically, the loss of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons is a key feature of PD. The vast majority of PD patients exhibit alpha-synuclein aggregates in several brain regions, but there is also great variability in the neuropathology between individuals. While the dopamine replacement therapies can reduce motor symptoms, current therapies do not modify the disease progression. Numerous clinical trials using a wide variety of approaches have failed to achieve disease modification. It has been suggested that the heterogeneity of PD is a major contributing factor to the failure of disease modification trials, and that it is unlikely that a single treatment will be effective in all patients. Precision medicine, using drugs designed to target the pathophysiology in a manner that is specific to each individual with PD, has been suggested as a way forward. PD patients can be stratified according to whether they carry one of the risk variants associated with elevated PD risk. In this review we assess current clinical trials targeting two enzymes, leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and glucocerebrosidase (GBA), which are encoded by two most common PD risk genes. Because the details of the pathogenic processes coupled to the different LRRK2 and GBA risk variants are not fully understood, we ask if these precision medicine-based intervention strategies will prove “precise” or “personalized” enough to modify the disease process in PD patients. We also consider at what phases of the disease that such strategies might be effective, in light of the genes being primarily associated with the risk of developing disease in the first place, and less clearly linked to the rate of disease progression. Finally, we critically evaluate the notion that therapies targeting LRRK2 and GBA might be relevant to a wider segment of PD patients, beyond those that actually carry risk variants of these genes.
Mild dyserythropoiesis and β-like globin gene expression imbalance due to the loss of histone chaperone ASF1B
Authors: Papadopoulos Petros , Kafasi Athanassia , De Cuyper Iris M. , Barroca Vilma , Lewandowski Daniel , Kadri Zahra , Veldthuis Martijn , Berghuis Jeffrey , Gillemans Nynke , Benavente Cuesta Celina María , Grosveld Frank G. , van Zwieten Rob , Philipsen Sjaak , Vernet Muriel , Gutiérrez Laura , Patrinos George P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe expression of the human β-like globin genes follows a well-orchestrated developmental pattern, undergoing two essential switches, the first one during the first weeks of gestation (ε to γ), and the second one during the perinatal period (γ to β). The γ- to β-globin gene switching mechanism includes suppression of fetal (γ-globin, HbF) and activation of adult (β-globin, HbA) globin gene transcription. In hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH), the γ-globin suppression mechanism is impaired leaving these individuals with unusual elevated levels of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in adulthood. Recently, the transcription factors KLF1 and BCL11A have been established as master regulators of the γ- to β-globin switch. Previously, a genomic variant in the KLF1 gene, identified by linkage analysis performed on twenty-seven members of a Maltese family, was found to be associated with HPFH. However, variation in the levels of HbF among family members, and those from other reported families carrying genetic variants in KLF1, suggests additional contributors to globin switching. ASF1B was downregulated in the family members with HPFH. Here, we investigate the role of ASF1B in γ- to β-globin switching and erythropoiesis in vivo. Mouse-human interspecies ASF1B protein identity is 91.6%. By means of knockdown functional assays in human primary erythroid cultures and analysis of the erythroid lineage in Asf1b knockout mice, we provide evidence that ASF1B is a novel contributor to steady-state erythroid differentiation, and while its loss affects the balance of globin expression, it has no major role in hemoglobin switching.
Deep anomaly detection through visual attention in surveillance videos
Authors: Nasaruddin Nasaruddin , Muchtar Kahlil , Afdhal Afdhal , Dwiyantoro Alvin Prayuda Juniarta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper describes a method for learning anomaly behavior in the video by finding an attention region from spatiotemporal information, in contrast to the full-frame learning. In our proposed method, a robust background subtraction (BG) for extracting motion, indicating the location of attention regions is employed. The resulting regions are finally fed into a three-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (3D CNN). Specifically, by taking advantage of C3D (Convolution 3-dimensional), to completely exploit spatiotemporal relation, a deep convolution network is developed to distinguish normal and anomalous events. Our system is trained and tested against a large-scale UCF-Crime anomaly dataset for validating its effectiveness. This dataset contains 1900 long and untrimmed real-world surveillance videos and splits into 950 anomaly events and 950 normal events, respectively. In total, there are approximately ~ 13 million frames are learned during the training and testing phase. As shown in the experiments section, in terms of accuracy, the proposed visual attention model can obtain 99.25 accuracies. From the industrial application point of view, the extraction of this attention region can assist the security officer on focusing on the corresponding anomaly region, instead of a wider, full-framed inspection.