bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The management of gynecological complications in long-term survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation—a single-center real-life experience
Authors: Klasa Łukasz , Sadowska-Klasa Alicja , Piekarska Agnieszka , Wydra Dariusz , Zaucha Jan Maciej 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn everyday gynecological practice, there is an unmet need to manage survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The major gynecological complications include premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) of the anogenital zone (cGVHDgyn), and secondary neoplasms. Aiming to assess a real-life scale of problems associated with HCT, we performed a detailed analysis of a consecutive series of females after allo-HCT who were referred for a routine gynecological evaluation. The study includes 38 females after allo-HCT in whom gynecological examination with cervical smear and USG were performed, followed by colposcopy according to NCCN guidelines. NIH scoring system was used to classify a grade of cGVHDgyn. The incidence of cGVHD was 71% whereas GVHDgyn was 29%, including 5 patients with score 3 at the time of diagnosis. The other manifestations (frequently noted) included the skin, mucosa, eyes, and liver. Menopause was diagnosed in 93% females, and in 81% of them, POI criteria were fulfilled. Ovarian function resumed in 2 cases. The rate of abnormal cytology was 26%: 4 ASCUS, 1 AGUS, 1 LSIL, 3 HSIL/ASC-H, and one cytological suspicion of cervical cancer. GVHDgyn was documented in 10 patients, and 6 of them had abnormal cervical cytology. Early topical estrogen therapy led to a significant reduction in vaginal dryness (p < 0.05), dyspareunia (p < 0.05), and less frequent cGVHDgyn (p < 0.05). GVHDgyn develops in about 30% of long-term allo-HCT survivors. Topical estrogens and hormonal replacement therapy alleviate symptoms and prevent the occurrence of severe consequences of menopause.
Long-term effectiveness of levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel on motor and non-motor symptoms in advanced Parkinson’s disease: results of the Italian GLORIA patient population
Authors: Antonini Angelo , Marano Pietro , Gusmaroli Graziano , Modugno Nicola , Pacchetti Claudio , Sensi Mariachiara , Melzi Gabriella , Bergmann Lars , Zibetti Maurizio , Lopiano Leonardo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
The GLORIA registry included 375 advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and evaluated the efficacy and safety of a 24-month levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) treatment in routine medical care. This analysis focuses on the Italian population, 60 patients treated with LCIG in 7 specialised PD care centres.

Methods
Hours of “Off” and “On” time were assessed with a modified version of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part IV items 39 and 32. Motor fluctuations, dyskinesia, non-motor symptoms, quality of life and safety were evaluated.

Results
Overall, 42 (70%) out of 60 patients completed the registry. LCIG treatment reduced “Off” time (− 3.3 ± 2.7 h at month 24 (M24), P < 0.0001), increased “On” time with dyskinesia (− 2.6 ± 5.2 h at M12, P = 0.0160), and improved UPDRS II and UPDRS III total scores at M24 (− 4.5 ± 10.6, P = 0.0333 and − 4.9 ± 11.7, P = 0.0229, respectively), Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS) total score (− 21.8 ± 28.5, P < 0.0001) and Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-8 item (PDQ-8) total score (− 12.5 ± 23.9, P = 0.0173) versus previous oral therapy. Adverse drug reactions (ADR) possibly or probably related to treatment were reported in 16 (28.6%) patients. Decreased weight (7.1%), polyneuropathy (7.1%) and abdominal pain (5.4%) were the most frequent ADRs while device malfunction (5.4%) and medical device change (5.4%) were the most reported device complaints.

Conclusions
LCIG improved motor fluctuations, non-motor symptoms and quality of life over 24 months while tolerability was consistent with the established safety profile.
On metaphysically necessary laws from physics
Authors: Linnemann Niels 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHow does metaphysical necessity relate to the modal force often associated with natural laws (natural necessity)? Fine (2002) argues that natural necessity can neither be obtained from metaphysical necessity via forms of restriction nor of relativization — and therefore pleads for modal pluralism concerning natural and metaphysical necessity. Wolff (Philosophy of Science, 80(5), 898–906, 2013) aims at providing illustrative examples in support of applying Fine’s view to the laws of nature with specific recourse to the laws of physics: On the one hand, Wolff takes it that equations of motion can count as examples of physical laws that are only naturally but not metaphysically necessary. On the other hand, Wolff argues that a certain conservation law obtainable via Noether’s second theorem is an instance of a metaphysically necessary physical law. I show how Wolff’s example for a putatively metaphysically necessary conservation law fails but argue that so-called topological currents can nevertheless count as metaphysically necessary conservation laws carrying physical content. I conclude with a remark on employing physics to answer questions in metaphysics.
Oil well casing cement flash setting problem causes and identification strategy based on cheese model
Authors: Leksir Abdeslem 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with oil well cementing flash setting problem definition, interpretation and localization via PABM (phenomenon analysis-based method) and Swiss cheese model investigation. Cementing is the most critical job throughout the well realization process; it presents the face of the well during production or abandonment. Within cement job some, problems come out and could lead to lose the well objectives, and it can be classified as cementing program’s awkward or operational hitches. This work is oriented toward operational stage, even if cement program and preparation seem in the rules of the art, the execution stage can interrupt the smooth running of cement job. Flash setting is one of the most critical problems that could be occurred, and it can be recognized by the prior increases in pressure to reach unpumpable stage. Identifying flash setting phenomenon and distinguishing them from other operational comportment stay hard task and present the heart of this work. Consequences could be varied from simple cement left inside casing to total free pipe of the annulus. PABM together with cheese model is proposed to be used for deep analysis of flash setting problems and points out the real causes, if they exist, rather than flash setting. The method proposed includes five steps, description of the operation, phenomenon, assumptions, cheese model and conclusion. The three first steps construct operation scrutiny, and the fourth step represents PABM. In this latter method, assumptions will pass through a selective process made from operation facts, and only the adequate assumption reaches the last layer of the model. Practical cases have been detailed to point out the merit of this method and distinguishing flash setting from other related cement problems.
Isothermal study of asphaltene adsorption over 4A, 13X, ZSM-5, clinoptilolite zeolites, and phoslock
Authors: Baninaam Maryam , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Abbasian Ahmad Reza 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe paper reports the adsorption studies of asphaltenes of Iran’s heavy crude oil on some natural and synthetic alumino-silicates. Asphaltenes were precipitated using n-heptane. Toluene was used as a precipitating solvent of asphaltenes and several zeolites including 4A, ZSM-5, Clinoptilolite, and La-modified bentonite (Phoslock) as adsorbents. FTIR analysis indicated the asphaltenes which comprise a complex of aromatic, aliphatic, and polar compounds. The pore size and outer surface area of the adsorbents were determined by BET method and the following order was found between outer surface areas: ZSM-5 (238.27 m2 g−1) > Clinoptilolite (28.75 m2 g−1) > Phoslocks (27.92 m2 g−1) > zeolite 4A (21.11 m2 g−1) > Zeolite 13X (317.24 m2 g−1). Besides, the adsorption isotherms were investigated with the conventional isotherm models and it was indicated that the Langmuir isotherm fitted the experimental data. Zeolite 13X with the highest specific surface area and pore size exhibited the maximum adsorption capacity, indicating that there is a direct relationship between surface area and adsorption capacity. However, it seems that the pore size effect is more prominent because of the large size of asphaltene’s molecules.
Zonal disintegration test of deep tunnel under plane strain conditions
Authors: Tian Zhichao , Tang Chun’an , Liu Yejiao , Tang Yibo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo investigate the zonal disintegration form of the surrounding rock in deep tunnels, model tests were performed in the simulation set-up of fracture mechanism and support technology of surrounding rock in deep tunnel. The test results illustrate that the first fracture of the surrounding rock occurred at the intersection of the tunnel floor and the side wall. After more serious destruction, the side wall and the vault were destroyed. Although the fracture width of each surrounding rock mass was distinct, they were relatively uniform with a nearly continuous fracture form. The width of the split bodies of the model tunnels (i.e., the annular zonal disintegration area) developed with an increasing load. It was observed from the fitting curves of the data that all radial strain values of the surrounding rock were more symmetric with a smooth fitting curve, and the maximum value occurred near the tunnel wall before reducing instantly. The circumferential strain values were dispersed and the data were inconsistent with the fitting curve, which caused some data to be unreliable. The phenomenon of zonal disintegration was primarily caused by radial tension strain of the surrounding rock. This phenomenon would not extend indefinitely as the rupture range would be limited to a certain extent, because the maximum radial tension strain of the surrounding rock was less than the limiting value.
Maintaining Traditions: Food and Identity among Early Immigrants to Upper Canada
Authors: Tourigny Eric D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA critical examination of the relationships between food and identity is explored among early British and American Loyalist settlers in Upper Canada (southern Ontario) from the late 18th to the late 19th centuries. This research synthesizes zooarchaeological data from the region and interprets these alongside historical texts to address how meat was incorporated into early immigrant diets. Previous scholarship generally agreed that pork played a dominant role in Upper Canadian cuisine and that residents first settling in the area were particularly reliant on wild meat resources. Archaeological evidence suggests this was not the case. Results and discussions highlight the influence of British working-class traditions on Upper Canadian identities and the development of regional cuisines in southern Ontario. Parallels are drawn to anthropological and sociological studies of migrant foodways, encouraging archaeologists to consider the importance of maintaining food traditions when examining early immigrant assemblages.
Expert recommendations on blood purification treatment protocol for patients with severe COVID‐19☆
Authors: Yang Xiang‐Hong , Sun Ren‐Hua , Zhao Ming‐Yan , Chen Er‐Zhen , Liu Jiao , Wang Hong‐Liang , Yang Rong‐Li , Chen De‐Chang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease (COVID‐19) was first diagnosed in Wuhan in December 2019. The World Health Organization defined the subsequent outbreak of COVID‐19 worldwide as a public health emergency of international concern. Epidemiological data indicate that at least 20% of COVID‐19 patients have severe disease. In addition to impairment of the respiratory system, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication. Immune damage mediated by cytokine storms and concomitant AKI is a key factor for poor prognosis. Based on previous experience of blood purification for patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome combined with clinical front‐line practice, we developed a blood purification protocol for patients with severe COVID‐19. This protocol is divided into four major steps. The first step is to assess whether patients with severe COVID‐19 require blood purification. The second step is to prescribe a blood purification treatment for patients with COVID‐19. The third step is to monitor and adjust parameters of blood purification. The fourth step is to evaluate the timing of discontinuation of blood purification. It is expected that blood purification will play a key role in effectively reducing the mortality of patients with severe COVID‐19 through the standardized implementation of the present protocol.
Mental Illness Prevalence and Disparities Among Hurricane Sandy Survivors: A 2-Year Retrospective
Authors: Ma Chenyi , Smith Tony Edward , Iversen Roberta Rehner 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis study examined mental health status among Hurricane Sandy survivors in the most severely damaged areas of New York and New Jersey in 2014, approximately 2 years after this disaster. We used the 2014 Associated Press NORC survey of 1009 Sandy survivors to measure the prevalence of probable mental illness and to analyze its association with selected socioeconomic characteristics of survivors, direct impact by Sandy, as well as social support and social trust. The study found major disparities in mental illness by race/ethnicity, age groups, and employment status. Higher Sandy impact levels were strongly associated with higher rates of mental illness and accounted for much of the disparity between blacks and Hispanics compared with whites in our study group. Social support was more strongly associated with lower rates of mental illness than was social trust. In addition, social support served as a significant mitigating factor in the mental health disparities between blacks and whites. The severity of mental illness among Sandy survivors differed significantly among racial and ethnic groups but was moderated by both the direct impact of this disaster on their lives and the degree of social support they received, as well as how trusting they were.
Surprisingly small: effects of “generous” social benefits on re-employment of (quasi-) jobless households
Authors: Lehwess-Litzmann René , Nicaise Ides 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article analyses whether the extent of public welfare provision influences the speed at which (quasi-)jobless households get (back) into employment. (Quasi-)joblessness is one of the key criteria defining the risk of poverty and social exclusion in the EU. Moreover, the perceived tension between the main functions of social benefits (protecting households from poverty and incentivising job search) is most acute among these households. Based on EU-SILC data, we examine changes of household work intensity during one year after benefit receipt. We observe that “more-generous” social benefits have a slightly negative impact. This can potentially be due to a disincentive effect of social benefits, but it can also mean that the additional financial leeway is used by job seekers to wait for more adequate job offers or engage in further training. Even though statistically significant, the estimated negative effects are very small.
Learning in late career stages in Europe – gendered effects of retirement policies
Authors: Melesk Kirsti 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInstitutional contexts shape learning participation throughout the course of life. Combining micro-data on adult education from 26 European countries with country-level indicators on retirement systems in multi-level logistic regression models, the focus is on analysis of participation in non-formal learning among people aged 50–64 and its interactions with retirement policies. The analysis makes use of the largest sample of European countries used so far for exploring the issue. For the first time, gender differences in retirement policies are considered. The results imply that for all women and highly educated men, participation in non-formal training is higher when retirement age in the country is set at 65 years or higher. However, men with less education do not profit from a higher retirement age because their training participation remains unaffected by retirement policies. In the current analysis, training participation in older age groups remains unaffected by the generosity of pensions. The results outline gender differences in learning participation in older age groups. Also, after the age of 50, men with a low education are at particular risk of labour market exclusion and unemployment because the retirement age in European countries keeps rising and technological advancements make additional demands on workers’ skills.
Results of the Zurich Cohort Study: course of anxiety and depression
Authors: Vollrath M. , Angst J. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryIn a longitudinal cohort study of young adults from the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland, the course of anxiety and depressive disorders was examined in 3 interviews over a period of 7 years. The 1-year prevalence rates of panic disorders (including a milder form), generalized anxiety disorder, major depression, and recurrent brief depression were similar from age 21–28 yr. Females prevailed among all diagnoses, their preponderance being strongest for mild panic and major depression. No differential course could be found for the 3 initial diagnostic groups in 1979: the pure anxiety disorders, the pure depression, and the mixed anxiety – depression. Their courses were very similar: 41–52'% recovered, 24–41% developed pure depression, 14–15% manifested a mixed anxious – depressive syndrome, and 5–10% manifested pure anxiety. Compared to controls, all 3 groups showed a tendency to develop into mixed cases and to manifest more recurrences. When the diagnostic information of all 3 interviews was cumulated into longitudinal diagnostic groups, however, differences emerged with respect to severity and chronicity of the disorders. Cases of mixed anxiety-depression were treated more often than cases of pure anxiety or pure depression. Furthermore, in a longitudinal perspective, the mixed cases received a diagnosis more frequently than the cases of pure anxiety disorders or pure depressive disorders, and thus were found to be more recurrent or chronic. With respect to course prediction, a single diagnosis does not differentiate sufficiently and more longitudinal diagnostic information should be taken into account to enhance the certainty of prediction of course and outcome.
Depression. Indices biologiques et indices cliniques
Authors: Widlöcher D. 
Published: April 2020

RésuméLa découverte d'une chimiothérapie antidépressive a eu, sur le plan theorique, des conséquences qui n'étaient pas apparues avec celle des neuroleptiques et des tranquillisants. Le terme meme d'antidepresseur le souligne. Il s'agit en effet d'une classe de molécules qui agissent sur un ensemble de comportements définis et sur eux seuls. La question demeure ouverte de savoir comment les modifications neurophysiologiques obtenues par ces molecules agissent sur le comportement. Le fait que nous n'ayons pas une réponse précise à cette question explique sans doute la part importante de la resistance que Ton rencontre encore dans la prescription des antidepresseurs. On ne retrouve pas ce fait pour les neuroleptiques et les tranquillisants, bien que ces derniers présentent des effets secondaires plus nocifs (dyskinésie ou troubles mnésiques par exemple).Une première erreur consiste à confondre cause et mécanisme. Ce n'est pas parce que la chimiotherapie depressive agit sur la symptomatologie que le déficit qu'elle corrige est nécessairement, et encore moins uniquement, la cause de survenue de cet etat. En ce qui concerne les causes, nous devons conserver un point de vue pluraliste et uniciste à la fois en considerant qu'il s'agit d'une «maladie» pluri-factorielle. En termes de mécanisme, notre pensee doit demeurer resolument dualiste et reconnaftre un principe de parallélisme entre événements neurophysiologiques et événements comportementaux.La seconde erreur consiste à confondre liaison synaptique avec le concept classique de centre nerveux. Un exemple de cette confusion nous est peut-être donné par la recherche, jusqu'à présent stérile, de dépressions «noradrénergique» ou «sérotoninergique». Il est fort possible que les molécules dont nous disposons agissent sur des rélais dans un reseau de neurones qui sont impliqués dans les mécanismes comportementaux.La troisième erreur porte sur la manière dont nous traitons l'analyse comportementale de la dépression en se référant à une sémiologie qui a été construite à des fins tout-à-fait différentes (diagnostic d'une maladie et prévision de son évolution). Une analyse comportementale qui voudrait cerner de plus près l'action des molécules devrait renoncer à cette sémiologie et dégager des traits de comportement directement sensibles à l'action des medicaments. A la notion trop vague et trop globale de trouble de l'humeur, il serait sans doute utile de substituer celle de système ou plan d'action et de mecanisme d'interruption ou de ralentissement de l'exécution de ces plans.
Description selon le DSM III et diagnostic «intuitif» de 1298 déprimés suivis en ambulatoire par des psychiatres français
Authors: Lecrubier Y. , Lancrenon S. , Ghozlan A. 
Published: April 2020

Résumé1298 malades déprimés ambulatoires ont été étudiés par 209 psychiatres. Les malades décrits par un psychiatre se présentaient consécutivement à son cabinet. Le cahier d'observation permettait une classification intuitive française, un classement selon le DSM III et une évaluation par l'échelle de dépression de Montgomery et Asberg (MADRS), l'échelle de ralentissement dépressif (ERD) et l'échelle de Covi d'anxiété. Pour le critère «avec mélancolie » du DSM III, l'item «distinct quality of mood» n'a pas été retenu. Le diagnostic DSM III avec caractéristiques psychotiques n'a pas été présenté du fait d'interférences mal définies avec le diagnostic français : «mélancolie délirante».La population comporte 2/3 de femmes ; des antécédents dépressifs sont présents chez 66 % des sujets. Les antécédents familiaux de dépression sont habituels : mère 19 %, père 18 %, fratrie 14 %. 95 % des sujets présentent les critères symptomatiques exigés pour le diagnostic d'épisode dépressif majeur (EDM) ; une évolution continue depuis deux semaines réduit ce chiffre à 86 % (tableau 1). Les EDM «avec mélancolie» (DSM III) représented 1/3 de l'échantillon ; cela reste vrai dans les différentes catégories diagnostiques (tableau 2). Ce résultat est en faveur du caractère quantitatif plus que qualitatif du critère «avec mélancolie». Ceci est d'autant plus probable que les scores des échelles sont équivalents chez les sujets «majeurs» et «non majeurs» si l'on exclut les «mélancolies» (tableau 4) et identiques dans les différentes catégories diagnostiques lorsque les «mélancolies» sont éliminées (tableau 5). La gravité moyenne légèrement plus importante pour certains diagnostics serait done due à un nombre plus élevé de sujets «avec mélancolie».Lorsque l'on compare les diagnostics français et américains (tableau 3) on peut noter un bon accord pour les sujets bipolaires.Les psychiatres français nient en revanche l'existence d'une véritable cyclicité chez les 2/3 des «déprimés majeurs récurrents». Enfin ils affirment au contraire son existence chez environ 1/3 des malades dysthymiques ce qui va dans le sens de certains travaux de H. Akiskal, 1983.Au vu de ces résultats, trois propositions peuvent être faites :- la diversité des critères symptomatiques exigés pour la définition des catégories DSM III pourrait être homogénéisée rendant la comparaison des groupes plus claire sans diminuer en pratique le nombre des malades inclus.- Les critères évolutifs définissant les patients dysthymiques devraient etre affines si Ton veut que ce groupe soit plus homogène.- Le critère «avec melancolie» devrait, sur le plan symptomatique, comporter des éléments plus qualitatifs.