bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VEGF-C protects the integrity of the bone marrow perivascular niche in mice
Authors: Fang Shentong , Chen Shuo , Nurmi Harri , Leppänen Veli-Matti , Jeltsch Michael , Scadden David , Silberstein Lev , Mikkola Hanna , Alitalo Kari 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in the bone marrow (BM) stem cell niche, which provides a vital source of HSC regulatory signals. Radiation and chemotherapy disrupt the HSC niche, including its sinusoidal vessels and perivascular cells, contributing to delayed hematopoietic recovery. Thus, identification of factors that can protect the HSC niche during an injury could offer a significant therapeutic opportunity to improve hematopoietic regeneration. In this study, we identified a critical function for vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), that of maintaining the integrity of the BM perivascular niche and improving BM niche recovery after irradiation-induced injury. Both global and conditional deletion of Vegfc in endothelial or leptin receptor–positive (LepR+) cells led to a disruption of the BM perivascular niche. Furthermore, deletion of Vegfc from the microenvironment delayed hematopoietic recovery after transplantation by decreasing endothelial proliferation and LepR+ cell regeneration. Exogenous administration of VEGF-C via an adenoassociated viral vector improved hematopoietic recovery after irradiation by accelerating endothelial and LepR+ cell regeneration and by increasing the expression of hematopoietic regenerative factors. Our results suggest that preservation of the integrity of the perivascular niche via VEGF-C signaling could be exploited therapeutically to enhance hematopoietic regeneration.
Concomitant benzodiazepine and opioids decrease sleep apnoea risk in chronic pain patients
Authors: Mir Soodaba , Wong Jean , Ryan Clodagh M. , Bellingham Geoff , Singh Mandeep , Waseem Rida , Eckert Danny J. , Chung Frances 
Published: August 2020

Background
The concurrent use of sedating centrally acting drugs and opioids by chronic pain patients occurs routinely despite concerns of negative impacts on respiration during sleep. The effects of centrally acting drugs and opioids on sleep apnoea have not been well characterised. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of concomitant centrally acting drugs and opioids on the prevalence and severity of sleep apnoea in chronic pain patients.

Methods
We conducted a prospective cohort study at five chronic pain clinics. Each participant underwent an in-laboratory polysomnography and daily morphine milligram equivalents were calculated. Participants were grouped into centrally acting drugs and opioid users
versus
sole opioid users.

Results
Of the 332 consented participants, 204 underwent polysomnography and 120 (58.8%) had sleep apnoea (72% obstructive, 20% central, and 8% indeterminate sleep apnoea). Overall, 35% (71 of 204) were taking opioids alone, and 65% (133 of 204) were taking centrally acting drugs and opioids. There was a 69% decrease in the odds of having sleep apnoea (apnoea�hypopnoea index =5 events�h
-1
) in participants taking benzodiazepine/opioids
versus
sole opioid users (OR 0.31, 95% CI:0.12�0.80, p=0.015). Additionally, concomitant benzodiazepine/opioids
versus
sole opioid use was associated with a decrease in respiratory arousal index scores (p=0.03). Mean overnight
S
pO
2

was approximately 1% lower in the concomitant benzodiazepine/opioids group
versus
sole opioid users (93.1�2.5
versus
94.4�2.1%, p=0.01).

Conclusion
In chronic pain patients on opioids, administration of certain benzodiazepine sedatives induced a mild respiratory depression but paradoxically reduced sleep apnoea risk and severity by increasing the respiratory arousal threshold.
Longitudinal monitoring of sinonasal and oral bacterial reservoirs to prevent chronic lung infection in people with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Passarelli Mantovani Rebeca , Sandri Angela , Boaretti Marzia , Burlacchini Gloria , Li Vigni Veronica , Scarazzai Mattia , Melotti Paola , Signoretto Caterina , Lleo Maria M. 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundParanasal sinuses act as bacterial reservoirs and contribute to transmitting bacteria to the lower airway of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Also, passage of bacteria from the oral cavity to the lungs may occur.MethodsWe evaluated the presence ofPseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,Achromobacter xylosoxidansandSerratia marcescensin sputum and nasal lavage of 59 patients with CF, and also collected saliva and used toothbrushes from 38 of them. We assessed the clonal identity of the strains isolated from the different samples by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.ResultsAbout 80% of the patients were positive for at least one of the bacterial species examined in nasal lavage and sputum. Among the subjects with positive sputum, 74% presented the same species in the nasal lavage and saliva, and 26% on their toothbrush.S. aureuswas the most abundant species in all samples. Clonal identity (≥80% similarity) of the strains isolated among the different samples from each patient was confirmed in almost all cases. Longitudinal observation helped to identify five patients who were colonised in the lower airways after an initial period of nasal or oral colonisation.ConclusionNasal and oral sites act as bacterial reservoirs, favouring the transmission of potentially pathogenic microorganisms to the lower airway. The lack of eradication from these sites might undermine the antibiotic therapy applied to treat the lung infection, allowing the persistence of the bacteria within the patient if colonisation of these sites is not assessed, and no specific therapy is performed.
HPC-REDItools: a novel HPC-aware tool for improved large scale RNA-editing analysis
Authors: Flati Tiziano , Gioiosa Silvia , Spallanzani Nicola , Tagliaferri Ilario , Diroma Maria Angela , Pesole Graziano , Chillemi Giovanni , Picardi Ernesto , Castrignanò Tiziana 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
RNA editing is a widespread co-/post-transcriptional mechanism that alters primary RNA sequences through the modification of specific nucleotides and it can increase both the transcriptome and proteome diversity. The automatic detection of RNA-editing from RNA-seq data is computational intensive and limited to small data sets, thus preventing a reliable genome-wide characterisation of such process.

Results
In this work we introduce HPC-REDItools, an upgraded tool for accurate RNA-editing events discovery from large dataset repositories. Availability: https://github.com/BioinfoUNIBA/REDItools2.

Conclusions
HPC-REDItools is dramatically faster than the previous version, REDItools, enabling big-data analysis by means of a MPI-based implementation and scaling almost linearly with the number of available cores.
Screening and identification of miRNAs related to sexual differentiation of strobili in Ginkgo biloba by integration analysis of small RNA, RNA, and degradome sequencing
Authors: Liu Xiao-Meng , Cheng Shui-Yuan , Ye Jia-Bao , Chen Ze-Xiong , Liao Yong-Ling , Zhang Wei-Wei , Kim Soo-Un , Xu Feng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Ginkgo biloba, a typical dioecious plant, is a traditional medicinal plant widely planted. However, it has a long juvenile period, which severely affected the breeding and cultivation of superior ginkgo varieties.

Results
In order to clarify the complex mechanism of sexual differentiation in G. biloba strobili. Here, a total of 3293 miRNAs were identified in buds and strobili of G. biloba, including 1085 known miRNAs and 2208 novel miRNAs using the three sequencing approaches of transcriptome, small RNA, and degradome. Comparative transcriptome analysis screened 4346 and 7087 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in male buds (MB) _vs_ female buds (FB) and microstrobilus (MS) _vs_ ovulate strobilus (OS), respectively. A total of 6032 target genes were predicted for differentially expressed miRNA. The combined analysis of both small RNA and transcriptome datasets identified 51 miRNA-mRNA interaction pairs that may be involved in the process of G. biloba strobili sexual differentiation, of which 15 pairs were verified in the analysis of degradome sequencing.

Conclusions
The comprehensive analysis of the small RNA, RNA and degradome sequencing data in this study provided candidate genes and clarified the regulatory mechanism of sexual differentiation of G. biloba strobili from multiple perspectives.
Protocol registration issues of systematic review and meta-analysis studies: a survey of global researchers
Authors: Tawfik Gehad Mohamed , Giang Hoang Thi Nam , Ghozy Sherief , Altibi Ahmed M. , Kandil Hend , Le Huu-Hoai , Eid Peter Samuel , Radwan Ibrahim , Makram Omar Mohamed , Hien Tong Thi Thu , Sherif Mahmoud , Hossain As-Saba , Thang Tai Luu Lam , Puljak Livia , Salem Hosni , Numair Tarek , Moji Kazuhiko , Huy Nguyen Tien 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Although protocol registration of systematic reviews/meta-analysis (SR/MA) is still not mandatory, it is highly recommended that authors publish their SR/MA protocols prior to submitting their manuscripts for publication as recommended by the Cochrane guidelines for conducting SR/MAs. our aim was to assess the awareness, obstacles, and opinions of SR/MA authors about the protocol registration process.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey study included the authors who published SR/MAs during the period from 2010 to 2016, and they were contacted for participation in our survey study. They were identified through the literature search of SR/MAs in Scopus database. An online questionnaire was sent to each participant via e-mail after receiving their approval to join the study. We have sent 6650 emails and received 275 responses.

Results
A total of 270 authors responses were complete and included in the final analysis. Our results has shown that PROSPERO was the most common database used for protocol registration (71.3%). The registration-to-acceptance time interval in PROSPERO was less than 1 month (99.1%). Almost half of the authors (44.2%) did not register their protocols prior to publishing their SR/MAs and according to their opinion that the other authors lack knowledge of protocol importance and mandance to be registered, was the most commonly reported reason (44.9%). A significant percenatge of respondents (37.4%) believed that people would steal their ideas from protocol databases, while only 5.3% reported that their SR/MA had been stolen. However, the majority (72.9%) of participants have agreed that protocol registries play a role in preventing unnecessary duplication of reviews. Finally, 37.4% of participants agree that SR/MA protocol registration should be mandatory.

Conclusion
About half of the participants believes that the main reason for not registering protocols, is that the other authors lack knowledge concerning obligation and importance to register the SR/MA protocols in advance. Therefore, tools should be available to mandate protocol registration of any SRs beforehand and increasing awareness about the benefits of protocol registration among researchers.
The influence of care home managers on the implementation of a complex intervention: findings from the process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial of dementia care mapping
Authors: Kelley R. , Griffiths A. W. , Shoesmith E. , McDermid J. , Couch E. , Robinson O. , Perfect D. , Surr C. A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Many people with dementia live in care homes, where staff can struggle to meet their complex needs. Successful practice improvement interventions in these settings require strong managerial support, but little is known about how managers can support implementation in practice, or what factors support or hinder care home managers in providing this support. Using Dementia Care Mapping™ (DCM) as an example, this study explored how care home managers can support the implementation of complex interventions, and identified factors affecting their ability to provide this support.

Methods
We undertook interviews with 48 staff members (managers and intervention leads) from care homes participating in the intervention arm of the DCM EPIC trial of DCM implementation.

Results
Managerial support played a key role in facilitating the implementation of a complex intervention in care home settings. Managers could provide practical and financial support in many forms. However, managerial support and leadership approaches towards implementation were highly variable in practice, and implementation was easily de-stabilised by management changes or competing managerial priorities. How well managers understood, valued and engaged with the intervention, alongside the leadership style they adopted to support implementation, were key influences on implementation success.

Conclusions
For care home managers to effectively support interventions they must fully understand the proposed intervention and its potential value. This is especially important during times of managerial or practice changes, when managers lack the skills required to effectively support implementation, or when the intervention is complex. It may be unfeasible to successfully implement new interventions during times of managerial or practice instability.

Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN82288852, registered 16/01/2014.
Sex differences in campylobacteriosis incidence rates at different ages - a seven country, multi-year, meta-analysis. A potential mechanism for the infection
Authors: Green Manfred S. , Schwartz Naama , Peer Victoria 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
There is evidence that males have higher incidence rates (IR) of campylobacteriois than females. The objectives of this study were to determine whether these observations differ between age groups and are consistent over different countries and during different time periods.

Methods
We obtained data on IRs of campylobacteriosis by sex and age group over a period of 11–26 years from seven countries. Male to female incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed by age group, country and time period. For each age group, we used meta-analytic methods to combine the IRRs. Sensitivity analysis was used to test whether the results are robust to differences between countries and time periods. Meta-regression was conducted to estimate the different effects of age, country, and time period on the IRR.

Results
In the age groups < 1, 1–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–44, 45–64 and 65+ years old, the pooled IRRs (with 95% CI) were 1.31 (1.26–1.37), 1.34 (1.31–1.37), 1.35 (1.32–1.38), 1.73 (1.68–1.79), 1.10 (1.08–1.12), 1.19(1.17–1.21) and 1.27 (1.24–1.30), respectively. For each age group, the excess campylobacteriosis IRs in males differed at different age groups. However, despite some quantitative differences between countries, the excess was consistently present over long time-periods. In meta-regression analysis, age group was responsible for almost all the variation in the IRRs.

Conclusions
The male predominance in campylobacteriosis IRs starts in infancy. This suggests that this is due, at least in part, to physiological or genetic differences and not just behavioural factors. These findings can provide clues to the mechanisms of the infection and could lead to more targeted treatments and vaccine development.
Improving mental wellbeing of forensic psychiatric outpatients through the addition of an informal social network intervention to treatment as usual: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Swinkels L. T. A. , van der Pol T. M. , Popma A. , ter Harmsel J. F. , Dekker J. J. M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundForensic psychiatric patients often suffer from a multitude of severe psychiatric and social problems. Meanwhile multimodal evidence-based interventions are scarce and treatment effectiveness is in need of improvement. The main goal of forensic psychiatric treatment is to address psychiatric and social factors and thereby mitigate criminal behaviour. Notably, a supportive social network is an important protective factor for criminal behaviour. As such, improving a poor social network may decrease the risk of criminal recidivism. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the addition of an informal social network intervention (FNC) to treatment as usual (TAU) among forensic psychiatric outpatients.MethodsIn a mono-center randomized controlled clinical trial with two parallel groups, forensic psychiatric outpatients with social network-related problems (N = 105) will be allocated to either TAU + FNC or TAU alone. The informal social network intervention consists of a 12-month coaching intervention, performed by the forensic network coach (a volunteer trained by an informal care institute). Assessments will be conducted at baseline and 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, and 18 months after baseline. The primary outcome variable is mental wellbeing. Psychiatric functioning, criminal recidivism, substance abuse, quality of life, social network, social support, loneliness and self-sufficiency are included as secondary outcomes. A variety of potential mediators and moderators of effectiveness will be explored. Additionally, a qualitative evaluation of effectiveness will be performed.DiscussionThis study will contribute to the existing literature of forensic treatment effectiveness as it is the first RCT examining the effectiveness of adding a social network intervention in a forensic outpatient population. If effectiveness is shown, forensic mental health care could be optimized by collaborating with informal care or community initiatives aimed at improving a positive social network. In addition, results will provide insight regarding mediators and moderators of treatment effectiveness.Trial registrationThis study is registered at the Netherlands Trial Register (NTR7163). Date of registration: 16 april 2018.
Gorham-Stout disease successfully treated with sirolimus (rapamycin): a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Liang Yu , Tian Ruicheng , Wang Jing , Shan Yuhua , Gao Hongxiang , Xie Chenjie , Li Jingjing , Xu Min , Gu Song 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundGorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare disease characterized by bone lesions and osteolysis. Therapy usually involves surgical resection. Sirolimus (Rapamycin) is used in some patients with GSD but the efficacy and safety of Sirolimus remains unclear. We propose that Sirolimus may be a novel therapeutic for GSD and present a case and review of literature that supports this.Case presentationWe presented a 1-year-old boy with GSD involving osteolysis of the right humerus with fracture of the left femur complicated by an effusion in the right pleural cavity. X-rays showed osteolysis in the right clavicle. A large pleural effusion was observed on the right-side, and the left lung was significantly compressed. X-rays also showed a fracture of the left femur. A femoral biopsy was performed that showed necrotic tissue in the cortical bone and a large number of irregularly shaped capillaries that proliferated within the necrotic tissue. Dilated lymphatic vessels were seen adjacent to the cortex, with fibrous tissue hyperplasia. We prescribed sirolimus, which is an oral mTOR inhibitor, for two consecutive years. The boy recovered well without other progressive bone lesions and participates in normal daily activities. His growth and development are the same as that of his peers.Discussion and conclusionGorham-Stout disease is a rare and enigmatic disease characterized by the presentation of an intraosseous lymphatic anomaly (LM), which results in progressive bone resorption. Based on this case report and a literature review, we conclude that sirolimus may be an effective alternative medication for GSD.
Utilization of epinephrine-soaked gauzes to address bleeding from osteotomy sites in non-tourniquet total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Hongzhi , Liu Zhaohui , Zhang Qidong , Guo Wanshou 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Reducing tourniquet inflation time is important because of the complications of tourniquet extensively used for the control of hemorrhage in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Bleeding management is critical to acquire a relative bloodless arthrotomy interface for maximize cement fixation in non-tourniquet TKA. The purpose of this study was to investigate hemostatic and hemodynamic effects of epinephrine-soaked gauzes in cemented TKAs.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 101 patients in two groups was performed. The first group (n = 51) underwent unilateral TKA with our procedures of epinephrine use, the second group (n = 50) had the same protocol with tourniquet and no epinephrine utilization. Surgical field visualization was assessed by grading scale for difficulty of intraoperative visualization due to blood and number of surgical field clearances. Perioperative blood loss was recorded. Hemodynamic parameters were observed in the epinephrine group.

Results
There was statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) on surgeon-rated difficulty in visualization in the epinephrine group between before and after use of epinephrine, and no statistically significant difference (p = 0.96) between two groups before cementing. No statistically significant result on numbers of surgical field clearances between two groups (p = 0.25) was found. Epinephrine group showed significant difference in hidden blood loss compared with no epinephrine group (576.6 ± 229.3 vs 693.2 ± 302.9, respectively, p = 0.04). The hemodynamic effects of epinephrine may be under control.

Conclusion
The procedure of epinephrine soaked gauzes, as a prudent adjunct, may be effective to reduce blood loss and obtain bloodless bone sections in non-tourniquet TKAs, regardless of hemodynamics.
Starch composition, glycemic indices, antioxidant properties and carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes activities of African star apple fruit parts
Authors: Ajayi Olubunmi B. , Oyetayo Folake L. , Akomolafe Seun F. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
African star apple (Chrysophyllum albidum) is a traditonal fruit, which is predominant in tropical regions with the fruit parts consumed by the populace and used in folklore to manage diabetes. However, the likely activity mechanism is still undetermined. The current study examined and compared the inhibitory abilities of African star apple fruit parts on selected key enzymes related to diabetes mellitus in the pancreas tissue of rat.

Methods
Inhibitory effect of aqueous extract (1:10 w/v) of African star apple fruit parts (pulp, cotyledon, seed coat and pulp coat) on the activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, as well as their starch composition, phenolic constituents, estimated glycemic index, and antioxidant properties were assessed.

Results
The fruit parts showed low sugar, eGI, amylose, and amylopectin contents. The analysis also showed that the fruit parts inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities and exhibited antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the fruit parts contain high concentrations of beta-amyrin acetate, eleagine, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, skatole, stigmasterol and tetrahydro − 2- methylharman as revealed by HPLC-DAD.

Conclusion
The fruit part low estimated glycemic indices, strong antioxidant properties, inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities exhibited might be related to the bioactive compounds contained in the extract. This could also be a potential mechanism for the use in the prevention and management of type-2 diabetes. Nevertheless, the African star apple pulp coat displayed the highest property in comparison to other parts of the fruit.