bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of simulation-based teamwork training on COVID-19 distress in healthcare professionals
Authors: Beneria Anna , Arnedo Mireia , Contreras Sofia , Pérez-Carrasco Marco , Garcia-Ruiz Itziar , Rodríguez-Carballeira Mónica , Raduà Joaquim , Rius Jordi Bañeras 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Context
Non-technical skills such as leadership, communication, or situation awareness should lead to effective teamwork in a crisis. This study aimed to analyse the role of these skills in the emotional response of health professionals to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Before the COVID-19 outbreak, 48 doctors and 48 nurses participated in a simulation-based teamwork training program based on teaching non-technical skills through simulation. In May 2020, this group of professionals from a COVID-19 referral hospital was invited to participate in a survey exploring stress, anxiety, and depression, using the PSS-14 (Perceived Stress Scale) and the HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) measures. A control group that did not receive the training was included. We conducted a logistic regression to assess whether having attended a simulation-based teamwork training program modified the probability of presenting psychological distress (PSS-14 > 18 or HADS> 12).

Results
A total of 141 healthcare professionals were included, 77 in the intervention group and 64 in the control group. Based on the PSS-14, 70.1% of the intervention group and 75% of the control group (p = 0.342) had symptoms of stress. Having contact with COVID-19 patients [OR 4.16(1.64–10.52)]; having minors in charge [OR 2.75 (1.15–6.53)]; working as a doctor [0.39(0.16–0.95)], and being a woman [OR 2.94(1.09–7.91)] were related with PSS14 symptoms. Based on the HADS, 54.6% of the intervention group and 42.2% of the control group (p = 0.346) had symptoms of anxiety or depression. Having contact with COVID-19 patients [OR 2.17(1.05–4.48)] and having minors in charge [OR 2.14(1.06–4.32)] were related to HADS symptoms. Healthcare professionals who attended COVID-19 patients showed higher levels of anxiety and depression [OR 2.56(1.03–6.36) (p = 0.043)].

Conclusion
Healthcare professionals trained in non-technical skills through simulation tended towards higher levels of anxiety and depression and fewer levels of stress, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Ontological representation, classification and data-driven computing of phenotypes
Authors: Uciteli Alexandr , Beger Christoph , Kirsten Toralf , Meineke Frank A. , Herre Heinrich 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The successful determination and analysis of phenotypes plays a key role in the diagnostic process, the evaluation of risk factors and the recruitment of participants for clinical and epidemiological studies. The development of computable phenotype algorithms to solve these tasks is a challenging problem, caused by various reasons. Firstly, the term ‘phenotype’ has no generally agreed definition and its meaning depends on context. Secondly, the phenotypes are most commonly specified as non-computable descriptive documents. Recent attempts have shown that ontologies are a suitable way to handle phenotypes and that they can support clinical research and decision making.
The SMITH Consortium is dedicated to rapidly establish an integrative medical informatics framework to provide physicians with the best available data and knowledge and enable innovative use of healthcare data for research and treatment optimisation. In the context of a methodological use case ‘phenotype pipeline’ (PheP), a technology to automatically generate phenotype classifications and annotations based on electronic health records (EHR) is developed. A large series of phenotype algorithms will be implemented. This implies that for each algorithm a classification scheme and its input variables have to be defined. Furthermore, a phenotype engine is required to evaluate and execute developed algorithms.

Results
In this article, we present a Core Ontology of Phenotypes (COP) and the software Phenotype Manager (PhenoMan), which implements a novel ontology-based method to model, classify and compute phenotypes from already available data. Our solution includes an enhanced iterative reasoning process combining classification tasks with mathematical calculations at runtime. The ontology as well as the reasoning method were successfully evaluated with selected phenotypes including SOFA score, socio-economic status, body surface area and WHO BMI classification based on available medical data.

Conclusions
We developed a novel ontology-based method to model phenotypes of living beings with the aim of automated phenotype reasoning based on available data. This new approach can be used in clinical context, e.g., for supporting the diagnostic process, evaluating risk factors, and recruiting appropriate participants for clinical and epidemiological studies.
Tunnelling radiation and the microstates of a black hole influenced by the Lorentz invariance violation
Authors: Li Guo-Ping , Chen Bing-Bing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we have employed the second-order Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) to carefully investigate the effect of quantum gravity on the Hawking radiation of the Dirac particle via tunneling from the Kerr black hole. Firstly, it turns out that the Hawking temperature is not only related to the angular momentum and mass of the black hole, but related to the energy and mass of the emitted particle. In particular, we find that the effective temperature is bigger and bigger with the increase of the energy ω, the angular momentum j and the LIV parameter l

p
, but is smaller and smaller with the increase of the black hole mass M. Also, it further shows that, although quantum gravity speeds up the black-hole evaporation, it will not evaporate completely, instead a remaining mass, temperature and entropy are left. Finally, through a careful count of the number of the microstates taken away by the black-hole radiation, the initial and remaining number of microstates for the Schwarzschild black hole are presented with the inclusion of the LIV-induced quantum gravity effects.
A punishment mechanism in the spatial public goods game with continuous strategies
Authors: Yang Han-Xin , Fu Ming-Jian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe propose a punishment mechanism in the spatial public goods game with continuous strategies. The value of strategy denotes the amount that an individual contributes to each group. In a group, the ones who contribute the least will be punished by others and punishers equally share the associated costs. It is found that the punishment fine and the number of individuals being punished in a group play important roles in the evolution of cooperation. Compared with the case of no punishment, the cooperation level increases (decreases) when the number of individuals being punished is less (more) than half of the total number of individuals in a group. For a fixed value of the enhancement factor, the cooperation level increases (decreases) as the punishment fine increases when individuals being punished are the minority (majority) in a group.
Perfect modulation between fully spin-polarized spin-singlet and -triplet Andreev entanglements in a narrow quantum spin Hall system
Authors: Liu Tingmin , Chen Fujun , Tao Y. C. , Huang Chuanshuai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We consider a quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator strip touching on one s-wave superconductor sandwiched between two ferromagnetic insulators and study its scattering processes, tunneling conductance, and noise power by using an extended Bogoliubov-de Gennes scattering formalism. It is demonstrated that interedge coupling and noncollinear magnetizations allow for producing the usual and novel crossed Andreev reflections (ARs), respectively, and thus the corresponding spin-singlet and -triplet pairing entanglements. Moreover, by proper tuning of the band structures of the ferromagnetic layers, under the resonance bias voltage, not only perfect but also fully spin-polarized crossed AR at any magnetic orientational angle α is exhibited, which can be experimentally confirmed by the tunneling conductance and noise power. Particularly, the perfect and fully spin-polarized modulation between the spin-singlet and -triplet Andreev entanglements could be performed by α at certain energy values, which suggest that the setup can act as a topological superconducting spintronic device with such a manipulation function.
Elevated Plasma Concentrations of Syndecan-1 Do Not Correlate With Increased Capillary Leakage of 20% Albumin
Authors: Hahn Robert G. , Zdolsek Markus , Krizhanovskii Camilla , Ntika Stelia , Zdolsek Joachim 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND:
Preclinical experiments show that an inflammatory reaction causes degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx layer and accelerated capillary leakage of albumin and fluid. The hypothesis in the present study was that elevated plasma concentrations of glycocalyx degradation products are associated with greater capillary leakage in humans.

METHODS:
This open clinical trial involved administration of an intravenous infusion of 20% albumin at 3 mL/kg over 30 minutes to 15 postburn patients who showed an activated inflammatory response. Blood samples and urine were collected for 300 minutes. The plasma concentrations of 2 biomarkers of glycocalyx degradation—syndecan-1 and heparan sulfate—were measured at 0, 60, and 300 minutes and compared to the capillary leakage of albumin and fluid obtained by mass balance calculations and population kinetic analysis.

RESULTS:
Patients were studied at 7 days (median) after a burn injury that covered 15% (maximum 48%) of the body surface area. The median plasma syndecan-1 concentration was 71 (25th–75th percentiles, 41–185) ng/mL. The 2 patients with highest values showed 2279 and 2395 ng/mL (normal 15 ng/mL). Heparan sulfate concentrations averaged 915 (673–1539) ng/mL. The infused amount of albumin was 57 (48–62) g, and 6.3 (5.1–7.7)% of that leaked from the plasma per hour.
Linear correlation analysis of the relationship between the 10logarithm of the mean syndecan-1 and the albumin leakage showed a slope coefficient of −1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], −3.6 to 1.0) and a correlation coefficient of −0.33 (P = .24). The kinetic analysis revealed that syndecan-1 served as a statistically significant covariate to the albumin leakage, but the relationship was inverse (power exponent −0.78, 95% CI, −1.50 to −0.05; P < .02). Heparan sulfate levels did not correlate with the capillary leakage of albumin or fluid in any of the analyses.

CONCLUSIONS:
A raised plasma concentration of syndecan-1 alone cannot be extrapolated to indicate increased capillary leakage of albumin and fluid.
Antibacterial activity in secondary metabolite extracts of heterotrophic bacteria against Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Setiaji Jarod , Feliatra Feli , Teruna Hilwan Yuda , Lukistyowati Iesje , Suharman Indra , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin , Johan Teuku Iskandar 
Published: December 2020

Background: Disease causing bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa present a problem for fish farming. Treatment to remove them are generally carried out using antibiotics which have side effects on fish, the environment and humans. However, the use of antibacterial compounds derived from heterotrophic bacteria serve as a good alternative for antibiotics. Therefore, this study aimed to explore antibacterial activity in the secondary metabolite extracts of heterotrophic bacteria against Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Heterotrophic bacteria namely Bacillus sp. JS04 MT102913.1, Bacillus toyonensis JS08 MT102920.1, Bacillus cereus JS10 MT102922.1, Bacillus sp. JS11 MT102923.1, Pseudoalteromonas sp. JS19 MT102924.1, Bacillus cereus JS22 MT102926.1, and Bacillus sp. strain JS25 MT102927.1 were used in this study. The sequences of these bacteria have been deposited and are available from NCBI GenBank. Each heterotrophic bacterium was cultured on 6L nutrient broth for 8 days, and extracts produced using ethyl acetate to obtain their secondary metabolites. These extracts were tested for their phytochemical contents using FT-IR and also tested for their inhibitory property in pathogenic bacteria by agar diffusion method. Results: Phytochemical test results showed that the seven heterotrophic bacterial isolates produced terpenoid compounds. Based on the inhibitory test, the secondary metabolite extracts from Bacillus sp strain JS04 had the highest inhibitory effect on the growth of pathogenic bacteria namely, V. alginolyticus (17.5 mm), A. hydrophila (16.8 mm), and P. aeruginosa (17.3 mm). Conclusion: It was concluded that the secondary metabolite extracts of heterotrophic bacteria inhibit the growth of V. alginolyticus, A. hydrophila, and P. aeruginosa.
Analysis of instagram profiles found through inscriptions on the walls of the In – Patient Adolescent Psychiatry Unit at the University Hospital in Kraków, Poland
Authors: Urbanek-Matusiak Katarzyna , Katerla Aneta , Szczecina Agata , Pilecki Maciej 
Published: December 2020

Aim of the studyAdolescents are increasingly active in social media: 72% use Instagram while as many as a quarter suffer from at least one mental disorder, Internet users among them. A number of studies confirming the mutual influence of social media and mental health have been conducted but there is a shortage of data on the Internet activity of people suffering from mental disorders. This study aims at extending the existing knowledge by analyzing Instagram accounts of adolescent psychiatric in-patients.Subject or material and methodsWe analyzed the contents of Instagram accounts, links to 36 of which were hidden in graffiti drawn by patients on the walls of an inpatient adolescent psychiatric ward. After excluding inactive and nonexistent accounts, 21 addresses were analyzed with respect to the number and content of published posts and comments left under them.Results90% of the accounts belonged to girls. 52% revealed the owner’s identity. The posts were mainly depressive, which correlated with the psychopathology of the patients. The comments differed in number and in character depending on the content of the post: replies to posts related to body image were mainly supportive, while comments on posts related to self-harm mainly expressed sympathy.DiscussionMost of the analyzed Instagram posts are related to the typical psychopathology of the patients hospitalized on our ward. In addition, it is also similar to negative effects that social media may have on mental health.ConclusionsThe association found in the study show that conducting further research on social media use by psychiatric patients may be clinically important.
5G network slicing with QKD and quantum-safe security
Authors: Wright Paul , White Catherine , Parker Ryan C. , Pegon Jean-Sébastien , Menchetti Marco , Pearse Joseph , Bahrami Arash , Moroz Anastasia , Wonfor Adrian , Penty Richard V. , Spiller Timothy P. , Lord Andrew 
Published: December 2020

We demonstrate how the 5G network slicing model can be enhanced to address data security requirements. In this work, we demonstrate two different slice configurations, with different encryption requirements, representing two diverse use-cases for 5G networking, namely, an enterprise application hosted at a metro network site and a content delivery network. We create a modified software-defined networking (SDN) orchestrator that calculates and provisions network slices according to the requirements, including encryption backed by quantum key distribution (QKD) and other methods. Slices are automatically provisioned by SDN orchestration of network resources, allowing selection of encrypted links as appropriate, including those that use encryption with standard Diffie–Hellman key exchange, QKD, or quantum-resistant algorithms, as well as no encryption at all. We show that the setup and teardown times of the network slices take approximately 1–2 min, which is at least an order of magnitude improvement over manually provisioning a link today.
Targeting the Epigenetic Factors of Neuroinflammation
Authors: Patil Anusha 
Published: December 2020

Currently, there are no effective treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI). This is because the mechanisms behind post-injury neuroinflammation are not well understood. This project studies a novel signaling pathway responsible for the activation of microglia post-TBI. Its goal is to identify epigenetic factors of neuroinflammation that may be targeted with future therapies.
We are examining the possibility that class IIa Histone Deacetylases (HDACs), particularly HDAC7, are responsible for initiating the inflammatory response after TBI. In addition, we plan to explore what its upstream regulation factors may be. One possible upstream regulation factor explored is regulating Kinase 2, also known as Par1b (Par1b/MARK2), since prior research indicates that a deficiency in Par1b/MARK2 increased the inflammatory response of microglia in a mouse model of TBI. In our experiments, we examined brains from sham mice (i.e., without head injury) and mice subjected to closed head injury (CHI). Our experiments made use of wild-type mice and mice deficient in Par1b/MARK2. Qualitative analyses were conducted using fluorescent microscopy imaging of immunohistochemistry. Using cell-specific markers of inflammation, we found an increase in astrocytic marker GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) and microglial protein IBA1 (ionized calcium binding protein) expression in the cortex of the mice after CHI. These increases were dramatic ipsilaterally (same side) to the injury, but only moderate contralaterally (opposite side). In the control brains (sham operates), little to no increase in these markers were detected.

In our experiments, we observed increased expression of HDAC7 in post-TBI microglia as well as in reactive GFAP-expressing astrocytes. Others have observed that Par1b/MARK2 may negatively regulate HDAC7 activity and there is evidence that HDAC7 is an inhibitor of anti-inflammatory genes.
Predictive value of inflammatory markers for functional outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Rezaeitalab Fariborz , Esmaeili Maryam , Saberi Amin , Vahidi Zohreh , Emadzadeh Maryam , Rahimi Hamid Reza , Ramezani Niloofar , Mirshabani-Toloti Seyed Zakaria 
Published: December 2020

Background: Inflammatory processes have been proposed in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL 1 beta (IL-1β), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with the prognosis and functional outcome in patients with less severe ischemic stroke.
Methods: We measured the level of IL-1β, IL-6, hsCRP, and TNF-α on days 1 and 5 after stroke onset by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The infarct volume was assessed using Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and posterior circulation ASPECTS (pcASPECTS) score in brain computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The severity of stroke was assessed by applying the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) in 24 hours on day 5 and after 3 months from stroke onset. Good outcome was defined as the third month MRS ≤ 2. The association of inflammatory markers and the course of stroke symptoms over time was examined.
Results: Forty-four first-ever stroke patients without concurrent inflammatory diseases with a mean age of 65 years were included. The mean NIHSS and MRS in admission time were 6.5 ± 3.5 and 3.07, respectively. The day 1 and the day 5 levels of IL-1β, IL-6, hsCRP, and TNF-α were not significantly different in good and poor outcome groups (all P-values > 0.05). In addition, they were not significantly associated with the ASPECTS, pcASPECTS, and changes of NIHSS and MRS over time.
Conclusion: The levels of hsCRP, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α are not reliable predictors of functional outcomes in patients with less severe acute ischemic stroke (AIS).
Five-Year Experience of Liver Transplant at Kerman University of Medical Sciences: Afzalipoor Hospital
Authors: Dehghani Masood 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The only option for treatment of end stage liver diseases is liver transplantation. Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman, Iran is the third largest liver transplantation center in Iran. In this study, the outcomes of this center have been studied during the past 5 years.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the pre and post transplantation’s clinical, demographic and outcome data of all patients who received liver transplant at Afzalipour Hospital during the past 5 years have been collected and reviewed. SPSS software ver. 16 was used to analyze the data.
Results: Forty-three patients have received liver transplantation during this time interval. The 3-year survival rate of patients was 77%. The most common cause of death was primary nonfunction graft after transplantation. The most common complication was acute rejection (15%), all of which were successfully treated with corticosteroids.
Conclusion: Due to increment of cases of acute and chronic liver failure in the community and since the final treatment of these cases is liver transplantation, so there is need to develop liver transplant centers in the future. Quantitative and qualitative study of the activity of centers based liver transplant in Iran is necessary to set up successful centers.
Effect of Eight Weeks of Resistance Training on Myostatin and Folistatin Proteins Content in Gastrocnemius Muscle Tissue of Elderly Rats
Authors: Asadpour Seyed Moslem , Daryanoosh Farhad , Salesi Mohsen , Nemati Javad 
Published: December 2020

Introdution: Myostatin and follistatin proteins are key proteins in the regulation of muscle atrophy and hypertrophy. Aging and sarcopenia can lead to disruption of cellular mechanisms and the activity of these proteins. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of resistance training on myostatin and folistatin proteins content in Gastrocnemius muscle tissue of elderly rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 12 female Sprague-Dawley rats (20-month-old) with an average weight of 250±30 g were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups: resistance training (n=6) and control (n=6). The resistance-training program was as followed: 3 days a week for 8 weeks, climbing a one-meter vertical ladder with 26 steps and two centimeters of space between each step with a slope of 85 degrees. SPSS software version 23 and independent t-test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results showed that eight weeks of resistance training led to a significant increase in myostatin protein content in the training group compared to the control group (P≤0.04). In contrast, eight weeks of resistance training led to a significant reduction in folistatin protein content in the training group compared to the control group (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study on the content of myostatin and folistatin proteins, it is possible that the reduction of muscle atrophy in the elderly can be through other pathways of protein synthesis and muscle hypertrophy.
Arthroscopic Superior Capsule Reconstruction for Cuff Tear Arthropathy (Hamada Grade 5)
Authors: Inoue Kosuke , Kenmoku Tomonori , Nakawaki Mitsufumi , Tazawa Ryo , Matsumoto Mitsuyoshi , Takaso Masashi 
Published: December 2020

Case:
We performed arthroscopic superior capsule reconstruction (ASCR) for cuff tear arthropathy (CTA) with humeral head deformity. A 62-year-old man presented with severely limited shoulder motion and recalcitrant omalgia. He had a history of dental implant removal due to metal allergy, and his Constant score was 21 points. We diagnosed CTA with Hamada classification grade 5 and performed ASCR to avoid allergic reactions. Severe night pain improved within 1 week of ASCR, and his Constant score after 2 years was 74 points.

Conclusion:
ASCR may be an effective alternative treatment for patients with CTA with humeral head deformity.