bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A metodologia Dicumba e o Aprender pela Pesquisa Centrada no Aluno no Ensino de Química: narrativas discentes na Educação Básica
Authors: Bedin Everton , Del Pino José Claudio 
Published: November 2020

Neste artigo objetiva-se, por meio das especificidades e das implicações das narrativas de sujeitos da Educação Básica, apresentar a metodologia Dicumba, bem como refletir sobre as suas potencialidades no desenvolvimento dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem e no aperfeiçoamento da prática docente à luz dos saberes intradisciplinares. A pesquisa-ação de cunho qualitativo foi desenvolvida por meio de 8 passos, enfatizando a participação de 1 professor de química e de 23 alunos do segundo ano do Ensino Médio, no ano de 2019. Para a análise dos dados, além da descrição dos achados no diário de bordo por meio da observação participante, utilizou-se a leitura e a interpretação dos trabalhos de pesquisa realizados pelos alunos, bem como a aplicação de um questionário estruturado disponibilizado eletronicamente. Ao término, foi possível averiguar que os alunos apresentam interesse em estudar química com ênfase na Dicumba, o que lhes possibilita a construção e a ressignificação de conhecimentos científicos a partir de um tema de pesquisa. Por fim, destaca-se que os sujeitos apontam que os temas de pesquisa emergem do interesse (82,6%), da curiosidade (69,9%) e do querer entender melhor (52,2%), os quais se encontram, majoritariamente, relacionados à ciência (65,2%), à saúde (52,2%) e à sociedade (39,1%).
Aspectos da poluição atmosférica: análise da qualidade do ar em Coronel Fabriciano e Timóteo, MG, Brasil
Authors: Queiroz Marluce Teixeira Andrade , Carvalho Beatriz Luz , Cardeal Jordânia Alexina do Carmo , Borges Tayla Luiza Pereira 
Published: November 2020

Os processos industriais, os veículos automotores e as queimadas são, dentre as atividades antrópicas, as maiores causas da introdução de poluentes à atmosfera. Essas substâncias podem apresentar efeitos nocivos à saúde humana, ainda sendo capazes de ocasionar danos à flora, faunas e aos materiais, sendo assim, a investigação dos teores desses compostos químicos dispersos no ar reveste-se de elevada importância socioambiental. Nesse estudo são apresentadas informações sobre a siderurgia, poluentes gerados e efeitos sobre a qualidade do ar na região do Vale do Aço, especificamente nas cidades de Coronel Fabriciano e Timóteo, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os achados são dados secundários provenientes do monitoramento realizado pela Aperam South America e sendo comparados aos padrões legais estabelecidos no CONAMA 491/2018 que são rigorosamente atendidos pelo empreendimento. Entretanto, constataram-se valores elevados dos teores de Partículas Totais em Suspensão (PTS) e Partículas Inaláveis (PI) caracterizando-se a qualidade do ar como regular em alguns períodos notadamente na estação seca. Além disso, reforça-se que diversos estudos mostram que ainda em concentrações inferiores aos limites legais existe a probabilidade de efeitos deletérios para a população exposta ao ar contaminado. Desse modo, pontua-se quanto à necessidade do desenvolvimento de ações mais efetivas para mitigação dos transtornos ambientais
Pontos positivos e negativos dos relatórios de sustentabilidade no modelo global reporting initiative: revisão da literatura nacional e internacional
Authors: Vieira Igor Laguna , Silva Elmo Rodrigues da , De Martini Junior Luiz Carlos , Mattos Ubirajara Aluizio de Oliveira 
Published: November 2020

Considerando a crescente adesão de empresas ao redor do mundo pelo modelo de reporte da Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) para a produção de relatórios de sustentabilidade, o objetivo deste artigo é identificar pontos positivos e negativos desse modelo. Para tanto, procedeu-se à uma revisão da literatura, buscando-se artigos nacionais e internacionais em bases de dados constantes no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. Foram selecionados 55 artigos que traziam pontos positivos e/ou negativos dos relatórios de sustentabilidade no modelo de reporte da GRI. Observou-se que o periódico “Journal of Cleaner Production” se sobressaiu em relação ao número de publicações sobre o assunto, com 25 artigos do total. Os pontos positivos destacados na pesquisa foram agrupados nos seguintes tópicos: “Responsabilidade, transparência e legitimidade organizacional”; “Padronização e comparabilidade”; “Popularidade e credibilidade”; e “Abrangência”. Já os pontos negativos destacados, em tópicos, foram: “Incompletude”; “Padronização pouco rígida e dificuldade em estabelecer comparações”, “Greenwashing”; “Diferentes expectativas dos stakeholders”; “Alto custo de desenvolvimento do relatório”; e “Falta de integração entre indicadores”. Buscou-se contribuir preenchendo uma lacuna na literatura sobre estudos desse tipo, que reunissem os pontos fortes e fracos do modelo GRI, observando-se ainda certos pontos de controvérsias entre autores. Como sugestão para pesquisas futuras, recomenda-se um aprofundamento em relação ao princípio da materialidade, considerado ponto crítico por alguns autores presentes nesta revisão e pouco abordado na literatura.
Algoritmos para geração de padrões aplicado ao problema de corte unidimensional
Authors: Ulbricht Gerson 
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre um problema de cortes unidimensional a partir do qual foi desenvolvido um algoritmo para auxílio na geração de padrões de cortes. A partir dos padrões gerados com o algoritmo e após verificações em trabalhos da literatura, foi proposto um modelo de otimização envolvendo um problema de programação linear cuja resolução foi implementada com auxílio do suplemento Solver, disponível no software Microsoft Excel. O algoritmo desenvolvido para geração dos padrões foi implementado em linguagem Scilab, por se tratar de um software de licença livre. O modelo de otimização foi inspirado em um problema existente numa indústria que trabalha com corte de eletrodutos, porém tomou-se o cuidado de generalizá-lo para que possa ser utilizado em outras aplicações envolvendo cortes unidimensionais. Resultados apontaram que o modelo desenvolvido é uma boa ferramenta no auxílio à decisão que abre possibilidade para a busca da redução de desperdícios envolvendo matéria prima, indicando uma área promissora para desenvolvimento computacional e pesquisas futuras.
Senso crítico, analítico e científico de estudantes do 6º ano do ensino fundamental numa sequência didática sobre a pegada ecológica do lixo
Authors: Marques Ronualdo , Xavier Claudia Regina 
Published: November 2020

A Educação Ambiental como temática transversal no currículo do Ensino de Ciências possibilita reflexões e discussões para que este saber contribua com uma nova postura com ações em sua relação com o meio ambiente. Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar as evidências do desenvolvimento do senso crítico, analítico e cientifico de estudantes com a aplicação de uma Sequência Didática sobre a Pegada Ecológica do Lixo. Pôde-se concluir que a inserção da Educação Ambiental no currículo escolar de forma contextualizada pode ressignificar o modo de ensino e romper com práticas isoladas e pontuais e com a Educação mecanicista e conservadora, visto que o desenvolvimento de ações integradas e participativas potencializa as discussões que emergem das relações entre o homem, sociedade e natureza. Além disso, o processo de sensibilização dos estudantes quantos aos problemas relacionados á temática lixo contribuem para que se tornem cidadãos críticos, analíticos e alfabetizados cientificamente, sendo ativos na preservação do ambiente.
A representação da mulher em A estrela sobe: uma análise da personagem
Authors: Carneiro Ana Paula Lima , Rodrigues Manoel Freire 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo discute aspectos relacionados ao processo de construção da personagem feminina em A estrela sobe, romance de Marques Rebelo. Apresenta uma descrição e uma análise das práticas da protagonista Leniza, a qual não mede esforços para se tornar cantora de rádio, o que era comum na década de 1930, período de expansão e desenvolvimento do rádio no Brasil. O trabalho foi realizado com base em um aporte teórico/metodológico de cunho bibliográfico, especificamente centrado nas concepções de autores que discutem e refletem sobre a condição da mulher e sua representação na literatura, como Soibet (2004), Bonicci (2007), entre outros.
Basic models and approximation for the engineering description of the kinetics of the oxide layer of steel in a flow of heavy liquid metal coolant under various oxygen conditions
Authors: Avdeenkov Alexandr V. , Achakovsky Oleg I. , Ketlerov Vladimir V. , Kumaev Vladimir Ya. , Orlov Alexander I. 
Published: November 2020

The article presents the results of corrosion processes, kinetics and changes in the oxide layer modeling using MASKA-LM software complex. The complex is intended for a numerical simulation of three-dimensional non-stationary processes of mass transfer and interaction of impurity components in a heavy liquid metal coolant (HLMC: lead, lead-bismuth). The software complex is based on the numerical solution of coupled three-dimensional equations of hydrodynamics, heat transfer, formation and convective-diffusive transport of chemically interacting components of impurities.
Examples of calculations of mass transfer processes and interaction of impurity components in HLMC, formation of protective oxide films on the surfaces of steels are given to justify the coolant technology.
Prevalence and risk factors of swine tuberculosis in central Ethiopia
Authors: Demissie Kassa , Shiferaw Jirata , Medhin Girmay , Zewude Aboma , Sirak Asegedech , Abayneh Takele , Mamo Gezahegne , Ameni Gobena 
Published: November 2020

There is paucity of information in the epidemiology and pathology of tuberculosis in swine though the endemic occurrence of bovine tuberculosis was elucidated in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was employed to investigate the epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium avium complex in swine. The study was conducted from September 2016 to December 2017 using single intradermal comparative tuberculin test, gross pathology and histopathology. Tuberculin test was carried out in farmed swine of central Ethiopia while the necropsy at Addis Ababa Abattoirs Enterprise, Ethiopia. Of the total 329 heads of swine tuberculin tested by bovine purified protein derivative antigen, an animal level prevalence of 3% (95% CI: 2-6) and a herd level prevalence of 11% (95% CI: 1-49) were observed at a cut-off value of >2mm. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed the protective exposure effect of body condition to tuberculin test positivity in swine (Adjusted OR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.0-1.1; P: 0.055). Swine were predominantly in close proximity with dairy cattle which is an important risk factor for the transmission of bovine tuberculosis from cattle to swine. Necropsy study of tuberculosis-like lesions in 640 heads of swine revealed an overall lesion prevalence of 4.1 % (95 CI: 2.8-6.0). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the occurrence of swine tuberculosis in low prevalence in farmed swine and swine slaughtered atAddis Ababa Abattoirs Enterprise in central Ethiopia. Further in-depth study covering larger sample size and wider areas is warranted so as to identify the prevalent species and their zoonotic importance.
Keywords: Abattoir; Epidemiology; Ethiopia; Pathology; Swine; Tuberculosis
Antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects of caffeic acid in a rat model of diabetes
Authors: Xu Wenguang , Luo Qiong , Wen Xiuying , Xiao Ming , Mei Qijian 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To determine the antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential of a natural flavonoid, caffeic acid in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.Methods: Experimental diabetes was induced in Wistar rats using streptozotocin injection. Caffeic acid was administered orally on daily basis for 5 weeks. A glucometer was used to monitor fasting blood glucose levels. Insulin levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The antioxidant potential of caffeic acid was measured by determining the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in rat liver. Standard assays were performed to determine the lipid profile of the rats. Histopathological analysis was performed to determine differences in microscopic structures of pancreas among the different treatment groups.Results: Caffeic acid administration resulted in significant enhancement of serum insulin level, and decrease in blood glucose level of diabetic rat models (p < 0.05). Caffeic acid exerted antioxidant effects by significantly increasing GSH levels and activities of CAT and SOD (p < 0.05). Histologicalexamination of the pancreas depicted normal islet morphology under caffeic acid administration in diabetic rats.Conclusion: These results reveal the antioxidant potential and anti-diabetic effect of caffeic acid in a diabetic rat model and point towards the potential applicability of caffeic acid in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Streptozotocin, Caffeic acid, Phenolics, Anti-diabetic, Antioxidant
Effect of polyphenol extract from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. on endocrine hormones and monoamine oxidase activity in a mouse model of climacteric depression
Authors: Song Aiying , Zhang Qiang , You Xiaoqing , Zou Xiangni , Han Xiao , Li Yu , Tang Yin 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To investigate the effects of polyphenol extract from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. (ZPPC) on endocrine hormones, monoamine oxidase activity and behavior in a mouse model of climacteric depression.Methods: Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) female albino mice (n = 50) weighing 24 – 26 g (mean wt = 25.0 ± 1.0 g) were randomly assigned to five groups of ten rats each: normal control group, negative control, and ZPPC (50 mg/kg), ZPPC (100 mg/kg) and ZPPC (200 mg/kg) groups. Depression was induced in the mice via oral administration of moclobemide at a dose of 20 mg/kg, and intraperitoneal injection of imipramine (20 mg/kg) 1 h and 30 min, before treatment. Tail suspension, forced swimming and voluntary activity tests were performed on the mice. The activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in mouse brain and the levels of endocrine hormones were also determined.Results: Treatment of depressed mice with ZPPC significantly and dose-dependently increased their tail suspension and immobility time (p < 0.05). The activity of monoamine oxidase in the brains of mice in the negative control group was significantly higher than that of normal control mice, but was significantly and dose-dependently reduced by ZPPC treatment (p < 0.05). Similarly, treatment of depressed mice with ZPPC significantly and dose-dependently reduced their serum adrenocorticotropin and corticosterone levels (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that ZPPC exerts antidepressant effect via suppression of brain MAO activity.
Keywords: Climacteric depression, Endocrine hormones, Menopause, Monoamine oxidase, Polyphenols
Analysis of blood stream infections: Antimicrobial susceptibility and associated types of extended spectrum β-lactamases
Authors: Badger-Emeka Lorina I. , Al-Jaziri Zainab Yaseen , Kausar Naheed , Al-Muhainy Nora Ahmad , Estrella Edric 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Klebsiella species (ESBL-KP) associated with blood stream infections (BSIs).Methods: Bacteria isolation and identification were carried out using basic bacteriological and biochemical techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Vitek 2 Compact automated system was used toconfirm the identifications (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). The ESBL produced by E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were phenotypically characterised using Modified Double Disc Synergy Test (MDDST), as recommended by CLSI.Results: All (100 %) isolates were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem, while susceptibility to other antibiotics varied. ESBL genotypes, viz, blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX were encountered in the BSIs. For ESBL-EC, TEM, SHV and CTX producers accounted for 33, 16.67 and 58.3 %, respectively, while 75, 91.7 and 100 % of ESBL-KP were TEM, SHV and CTX producers, respectively. In ESBL-KP, 67 % coexisted with all three genotypes (blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX, while 8.3 % of ESBL-EC coexisted with the three encoding genes (CTX, SHV and TEM).Conclusion: ESBL E. coli and K. pneumoniae associated with BSI have been identified as TEM, SHV and CXT producers, with more ESBL-KP coexisting with all three than ESBL-EC.
Keywords: β-Lactamases, Genes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli
Morphine pretreatment reduces myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in heart failure rats via GSK-3β/Cx43 signaling proteins and apoptosis-related gene, Bcl-2/Bax
Authors: Zhu Xuelian , Geng Zhihai , Han Xi , Xin Xianfeng 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To investigate the effect of morphine preconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in heart failure rats, and the mechanism(s) of action involvedMethods: Seventy-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 4 groups: sham, model, morphine-preconditioning and SB203580 inhibitor groups, each with 18 rats. The expressions of P-p38, p-glycogen synthetase kinase-3, and p-gap junction protein 43 in rat myocardial cells were assayed by Western blotting. The mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax, and Bcl-2/Bax were determined using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results: The expression levels of P-p38, p-glycogen synthetase kinase-3, p-gap junction protein 43, Bcl-2 mRNA and Bcl-2/Bax were significantly higher in the pretreatment group than in the model group, while Bax mRNA was significantly lower (p < 0.05). Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of P-p38, pglycogen synthetase kinase-3, p-gap junction protein, Bcl-2, and Bcl-2/Bax in inhibitor-treated rats decreased significantly, when compared to the values for pretreatment rats; furthermore, Bax mRNA was markedly upregulated (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Morphine preconditioning significantly inhibits the expressions of GSK-3β and Cx43 signaling proteins, as well as apoptosis-related gene, Bcl-2 and Bax. In addition, it inhibits the apoptosis of rat cardiomyocytes, and reduces myocardial injury, after ischemia reperfusion, via activation of the p38 MARK signaling pathway. This provides a new strategy for clinical reduction of myocardial injury after ischemia-reperfusion.
Keywords: Morphine, Pretreatment, GSK-3β/Cx43 signaling protein, Bcl-2/Bax, Heart failure, Ischemiareperfusion injury
SENSITIVITY OF CATHEHOLAMINE-PRODUCING STRUCTURES TO DISRUPTIVE ACTION OF DDT
Authors: Timokhina Ekaterina Petrovna , Yaglova Nataliya Valentinovna , Obernikhin Sergey Stanislavovich , Yaglov Valentin Vasilyevich , Nazimova Svetlana Vladimirovna , Tsomartova Dibakhan Aslanbekovna 
Published: November 2020

The results of the research revealed that norepinephrine-produsing formations demonstrate higher sensitivity
to low-dose exposure to endocrine disrupting chemical DDT than epinephrine-producing ones. Differences in sensitivity to endocrine disruption remains unchanged whatever onset of exposure is prenatal or postnatal period of ontogeny.
Effect of Nano-coating on Molten Salts for Turbine Blades
Authors: Khammas Abbas , Hashim Abbas Haider 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study is to optimize hot corroded pack coated Ni-based superalloy K417G using grey relational analysis. Optimization of the pack cementation parameters was performed using quality characteristics of diffusion coatings for pack cementation process, i.e., salt activator, Nano-powders master alloy powder, and wt.% Y2O3. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for observing the most influencing pack cementation parameters on the quality characteristics, i.e., Na2So4-6% wt. V2O5 (kp1), 100 wt% NaSO4 (kp2), and 75 wt. % NaSO4-25 wt % NaCl (kp3). The optimal process parameters were calculated using a grey relation grade and a confirmation test was performed. Based on the analysis of variance results, the wt.% Y2O3 is the most significant controllable diffusion coating factor for the hot corroded pack coated K417G at optimum setting conditions (A2, B3, C3) i.e., activator (NaCl), master alloy (94Cr-6Al), and wt.%Y2O3 (4%). according to the quality characteristics. Grey relational analysis was successfully applied to the optimization of hot corroded pack coated K417G using multi-performance characteristics.
Sejarah Perkembangan Islam di Turki
Authors: Rahman Fathur 
Published: November 2020

Over the hundreds of years, Islam have been growing rapidly in Turkey. Although the majority of its people are Muslims, in its development, Turkey became a republic with a secular democratic state system. In this paper will be reviewed the history of Islamic development in Turkey, including developments in the reform era that makes Turkey as it is today, the country that constructs Islam as a rational and scientific religion.The history of Turkey is divided into five periods. The first period, ie in 1299-1402, begins with the founding of the Ottoman empire. The Second Period, 1402-1566, is marked by royal restoration. The third period, 1566- 1699, was marked by the Ottoman ability to defend its territory. The fourth period, the year 1699-1838, marked degan gradually subside of the kingdom then experience more progress. The fifth period, 1839-1922, was marked by a cultural revival and Turkey became a republic, and it was no longer a system of government based on empire, dynasty, or caliphate as it had been for centuries. Mustafa Kemal established Turkey as a secular modern state based on its disappointment with the previous Caliphate system. In the latter period also called the contemporary era, although acknowledged as a secular republic, the Turkish government supports the implementation of Friday prayers in the mosque as a form of social discipline. Likewise, fasting to build patience and patience, and paying zakat encourages one's generosity, the birth of Islamic parties; moral enforcement and social justice; banning polygamy and divorce decisions must be made in court; equal rights of women and men in education, work, and in politics—in 1934 women were given the right to be nominated in national elections.