bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Health Nursing Art to Enhance “Strength of Community” in Japan
Authors: Okamoto Reiko , Kageyama Masako , Koide Keiko , Iwamoto Saori , Goda Kayoko , Shiomi Misa , Kusano Emiko , Tanaka Miho , Tokimasa Mai , Kiya Misaki , Koetaka Hanayo 
Published: November 2019

Purpose:The purpose of this study is to shed light on the public health nursing art (PHNA) that enhances “Strength of Community (SC)” with practical activities of Public Health Nurses (PHNs) in Japan.Methods:This study used a qualitative, descriptive design. According to the recommendation, we selected the best PHN activities as identified SC was enhanced that was implemented by multiple PHNs. Interviewees were PHNs who were recommended as PHNs who can talk about each activity on the representative of PHNs concerned. Data were collected three times each through a semi-structured interview, each lasting for about one hour. PHNA was classified into six frameworks: Searching; Stimulating; Facilitating; Cooperation; Continuing Quality Improvement; and Policy/Resource Development based on previous studies.Results:The results indicate that the PHNA included in the six frameworks may further be classified into 12 categories and 26 sub-categories. We also identified three elements of social justice, the underlying norm for the concept. 12 categories were extracted two for each framework, {Reality Searching}, {Reality Actualization}; {Ownership Fostering}, {Motivation Support}; {Collective Effort Promotion}, {Full Retention Promotion}; {Collaborative Piloting}, {Opportunity/Platform Provision}; {Capacity Building}, {Quality Management}; {Resource Development} and {Planning/Systematization}.Conclusion:This study succeeded in demonstrating that the PHNA to enhance SC was collected, refined, and structured in a multidisciplinary and comprehensive manner, within the context of promoting positive health among the population. In the future, the remaining challenges include the substantiation of the PHNA at the sub-category level and the development and dissemination of programs to master them.
Comparison of the Professionalism Behaviours of Medical Students from Four GCC Universities with Single-gender and Co-educational Learning Climates
Authors: Al-Qahtani Mona Faisal , Guraya Salman Yousuf 
Published: November 2019

Background:Medical professionalism is a multi-dimensional construct that is viewed differently across institutions. Such variations might be related to diverse cultural and societal characteristics of learners and faculty.Objectives:This study determined whether differences exist between proposed sanctions for a one-time academic integrity infraction associated with unprofessional behaviors. We selected four medical schools with either single-gender or co-educational learning environments in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries.Methods:The 34-statement Dundee Polyprofessionalism Inventory I was disseminated to all medical students across years in selected institutions. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted, and median scores were used to determine the respondents’ proposed sanctions.Results:Of the 1941 invitees, 1313 students responded (response rate of 68%). Significant similarity, as recorded by median sanction scores was recorded for 21 (62%) of the 34 inventory items from two medical schools. However, significant differences of one level of difference between all the median sanction scores for single-gender and co-educational students were found for 32% of inventory items. In co-educational schools, males were stricter than females for 9% and seniors were stricter than juniors for 12% of the inventory items. In contrast, in single-gender schools, females were stricter than males for only 6% of the inventory and seniors were more lenient than juniors for another 6% of the inventory.Conclusions:This study reports significant congruence and some differences in medical students’ perceptions of unprofessional behaviors. Educators are urged to develop a unified framework for enforcing sanctions to unprofessional behaviors.
2-Aminoethyldiphenyl Borinate: A Multitarget Compound with Potential as a Drug Precursor
Authors: N. Rosalez Melvin , Estevez-Fregoso Elizabeth , Alatorre Alberto , Abad-García Antonio , A. Soriano-Ursúa Marvin 
Published: November 2019

Background:Boron is considered a trace element that induces various effects in systems of the human body. However, each boron-containing compound exerts different effects.Objective:To review the effects of 2-Aminoethyldiphenyl borinate (2-APB), an organoboron compound, on the human body, but also, its effects in animal models of human disease.Methods:In this review, the information to showcase the expansion of these reported effects through interactions with several ion channels and other receptors has been reported. These effects are relevant in the biomedical and chemical fields due to the application of the reported data in developing therapeutic tools to modulate the functions of the immune, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and nervous systems.Results:Accordingly, 2-APB acts as a modulator of adaptive and innate immunity, including the production of cytokines and the migration of leukocytes. Additionally, reports show that 2-APB exerts effects on neurons, smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes, and it provides a cytoprotective effect by the modulation and attenuation of reactive oxygen species.Conclusion:The molecular pharmacology of 2-APB supports both its potential to act as a drug and the desirable inclusion of its moieties in new drug development. Research evaluating its efficacy in treating pain and specific maladies, such as immune, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and neurodegenerative disorders, is scarce but interesting.
Evaluation of the Antioxidant Interactions Between Green Tea Polyphenols and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Authors: Sentkowska Aleksandra , Pyrzynska Krystyna 
Published: November 2019

Introduction:
The antioxidant interactions between the commonly used pharmaceuticals (diclofenac, ibuprofen and naproxen) and green tea polyphenols were evaluated.

Methods:
The antioxidant properties of the mixtures were evaluated by a scavenging effect on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical.

Results:
The mixtures contained green tea extract and each drug exhibited lower antioxidant activity than the mathematical sum of the results obtained for individual components showing antagonistic effect. The results were obtained using isobolographic analysis and interaction factors also suggested the antagonistic type of interaction. Only when the concentration of the green tea infusion was relatively high (in comparison to the drug), an additive effect could be concluded.

Conclusion:

The high concentration of green tea infusion in comparison to the drug should be used in developing the new formulations as it can help in the therapy due to their antioxidant properties.
Preparation of PbI2 Microflakes by pH-Controlled Double-Jet Precipitation
Authors: Huang Haifang , Chen Xing , Huang Kai 
Published: November 2019

Introduction:
Pure PbI2 crystal particles with a flaky shape were prepared by a pH-constant double-jet precipitation process, which has the significant advantages of easy operation and scaling-up. It was found that a pH below 5.0 of the mixing solution is the appropriate range for the formation of pure PbI2 phase, while at a pH above 5.0, the PbIOH phase would appear immediately and decrease its solubility in DMF (dimethylformamide) for the preparation of a high-quality film of perovskite solar cells.

Materials and Methods:
Various instruments, including XRD, FTIR, SEM/EDS were used to characterize the precipitated particles obtained under different experimental conditions, and the effect of various parameters, including pH, concentration of the lead ions, feeding rate, and the characteristics of the surfactants on the particle was investigated systematically. Thermodynamic calculation of species distribution in the solution systems of Pb2+-I-- H2O, Pb2+-I--Cit-H2O and Pb2+-I--EDTA-H2O were carried out to identify the indispensable role of pH on the formation of highly pure lead iodide crystals. The crystallization of PbI2 was regarded as the basis of the formation of flake-like products, which was also strongly dependent on the pH value of the solution.

Results:
It was found that at a low concentration of the PbI2 precursor, such as with very dilute lead ions or with a very slow feeding rate, the XRD reflection peaks at 12.67°, 38.67° and 52.39° will dominate, while the peaks at 25.91°, 34.27°, and 39.51° will become dominant in the case of high concentration. The lead iodide particles were tested by mixing them in DMF, and it was found that the samples precipitated at a pH of 2 and 4 could dissolve and form a homogeneous solution easily, while the sample produced at a pH of 6 would form a turbid suspension, and could not dissolve completely to obtain a clear solution.

Conclusion:
The results presented in this work provide detailed and significant information about the synthesis of highly pure PbI2 which may be applied in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells.
Comparison of a Combination of Caudal Levobupivacaine with Fentanyl and Levobupivacaine Alone for Alleviating Postoperative Pain During Infraumbilical Procedures in Children Under 3 Years
Authors: Vakkapatti Muralidar , Shenoy Thrivikram , Bhat Sonal 
Published: November 2019

Background:
To compare the post-operative analgesic efficacy of caudal blockade using levobupivacaine alone and a combination of fentanyl with levobupivacaine in children under 3 years undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. Combination of levobupivacaine with fentanyl and levobupivacaine alone in children for caudal block was never studied before. Hence there was a need for the study.

Methods:
After approval from Institutional Ethical Committee, Kasturba Medical College, Mangaluru, 60 patients of age group 0-3 years, either sex of ASA physical status 1 and 2 undergoing infraumbilical surgeries were chosen after written parental consent and were randomised into 2 groups of 30 each L and LF using computer generated block randomisation to receive caudal blocks. Post operatively assessed for pain using CHIPPS scale at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours and compared in both groups.

Results:
Out of 60 patients, 30 in each group [L and LF], CHIPPS scores at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours post-operatively exhibited a p-value of 0.545, 0.492, 0.626, 0.166, and 0.329 respectively [not significant]. Mean duration of analgesia was 14.60 in Group L & 17.67 in Group LF with a t test p value of 0.119 [not significant].

Conclusion:
Combination of fentanyl with levobupivacaine when compared to levobupivacaine alone for caudal block was equianalgesic in children less than 3 years undergoing infra umbilical procedures.
The Mixture of Topical Anesthetic and Chlorhexidine at the Delivery Site in Microbial Reduction Efficiency
Authors: Srisatjaluk Ratchapin Laovanitch , Kaewjiaranai Thanawat , Wongsirichat Natthamet 
Published: November 2019

Background:Antimicrobial properties of some anesthetic agents have been reported which may be useful for infection control. Topical lidociane (10%) showed some extent of antimicrobial activity on oral microflora.Objective:This study aimed to determine whether the antimicrobial efficiency of topical lidocaine can be enhanced by adding chlorhexidine.Methods:The Lidocaine-Chlorhexidine (LD-CHX) preparation was prepared by mixing 2.0% CHX and 10% LD with various ratios. The anesthetic efficiency was tested on the oral mucosa of 26 volunteers by Pin Prick Test. Pain scores were recorded using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Antimicrobial effects of 10% LD, 0.2% CHX, and LD-CHX preparations were evaluated.In vitrostudy was conducted against seven standard bacterial strains. Forin vivostudy, oral biofilms of 26 volunteers were collected by imprint technique using filter papers. Bacterial growth from the samples after applying the test solutions was compared to the control. Antimicrobial efficiency was expressed as microbial reduction scores from 4-0 (highest to lowest).Results:The LD-CHX preparations that had comparable anesthetic efficiency to 10% LD were those containing 9% and 8% LD. These LD-CHX preparations showed microbial reduction scores of 3 and 4 on seven bacterial strains and oral biofilms.Conclusion:This study showed the antimicrobial and anesthetic effectiveness of new lidocaine-chlorhexidine preparations bothin vitroandin vivo.We also confirmed the effectiveness of infection control protocol in oral surgery using CHX mouthwash prior to topical LD.
The Influence of Job Demand, Respect, and Rapport on Work Engagement of Employees in the Foodservice Sector
Authors: Zakaria Zainuddin , Wan Nawang Wan Ramlah , Jusoh Zuraini , Kamaludin Mohamad Ariff 
Published: November 2019

Many foodservice operators in Malaysia depend on superior services to entice customers to keep visiting their business. The researchers chose a purposive convenience sampling, and questionnaires were distributed to 303 employees in the foodservice industry in three selected districts in Terengganu, Malaysia. Results of the inferential analysis revealed that there are positive relationships between two of the independent variables, respects, and Rapport with the dependent variable, job engagement. Job demand, however, has no significant impact on Job Engagement. We proposed that trust, efficient communication, mutual respect, and the honest relationship has a strong impact on employees’ engagement with their job.Keywords: Job Engagement; Job Demand; Rapport; Foodservice Industry eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1933
Eficacia y tolerabilidad del carbón activado más plata en el tratamiento local de heridas infectadas
Authors: Heras Veloz Martha Cecilia , Pozo Camacho Consuelo , Galán Sánchez Rodolfo , Uraga Pazmiño Enrique 
Published: November 2019

Actualmente la terapia basada en el principio de proveer humedad en el ambiente de una herida se conoce como cuidado avanzado de heridas. Existe una gran cantidad de apósitos activos que se utilizan en hospitales y centros privados por ejemplo, los que contienen carbón activado más plata, hidrocoloides, alginatos, hidropolímeros, todos ellos promueven humedad y debridamiento autolítico. El propósito de este estudio fue valorar la eficacia y tolerabilidad del carbón activado más plata en heridas infectadas. Dieciséis pacientes (10 mujeres y 6 hombres) con úlceras de diversa etiología internados en el servicio médico de Dermatología del hospital Luis Vernaza, Guayaquil formaron parte de este estudio por un tiempo de 4 años. Se registró el tamaño de las heridas y se realizaron cultivos bacterianos de las úlceras, el registro fotográfico; se realizó al inicio y en cada recambio de apósito. De los dieciséis pacientes solo uno abandonó el estudio, una paciente epitelizó el 100%, en los restantes se observó aumento del tejido de granulación y disminución del exudado. El objetivo del estudio fué preparar las ulceras para tratamiento quirúrgico, salvo el caso que epitelizó el 100%,el cual deja una ventana abierta en pacientes seleccionados en donde se puede llegar al cierre definitivo. El tejido periulceral permaneció indemne durante todo el tratamiento. Este estudio propone que el tratamiento local de heridas infectadas con carbón activado más plata, es eficaz ya que permite un apropiado manejo de la infección bacteriana y un correcto ambiente húmedo.
Filosofía: de la fábrica a la empresa y la psicopolítica
Authors: Ávila Barba Mauricio 
Published: November 2019

La incorporación de la universidad pública a la lógica de la empresa y del mercado, así como las consecuencias que ello ha traído para los programas educativos en filosofía, se han denunciado desde diferentes instancias, tales como el Observatorio Filosófico de México. Por ejemplo, se denuncia que, bajo esta lógica, la filosofía está en riesgo de desaparecer, que ella debería ser valorada por su posibilidad formativa de ciudadanos, entre otros reclamos. Sin embargo, paradójicamente, esta lógica también ha definido muchas de las prácticas docentes y de investigación que implican “beneficios” para los profesores, tales como estímulos y apoyos económicos. Esto complica toda denuncia emitida sobre la situación de la filosofía, por lo que se requiere una vía de análisis que dé cuenta de esta paradoja. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es definir y proponer un análisis psicopolítico de la empresarización de la universidad pública, y con ello de los programas educativos en filosofía que esta alberga, que nos permita dar cuenta de las tensiones antes mencionadas. Así, consideramos que describir esta paradoja nos permitiría un conocimiento adecuado de la situación de la filosofía y, quizá con ello, tomar mejores decisiones para hacer frente o no a la empresarización de la universidad.
Para caracterizar este fenómeno universitario tomamos como hilo conductor dos perspectivas: primero, la discusión sobre la pertinencia de los programas educativos en filosofía (universidad-demanda laboral); y, segundo, la definición de las nociones de universidad-responsabilidad social, universidad-calidad y universidad-evaluación. Estas ideas las definimos a través de una breve investigación documental, la cual nos arroja como resultado que la filosofía está sujeta a lo siguiente: 1) los estándares de la marca ISO, 2) los diagnósticos sobre su impacto social y, eventualmente, ecológico, 3) los cánones de calidad, eficiencia, productos y servicios, 4) las sugerencias de la Organización Mundial del Trabajo, 5) las demandas del mercado; entre otras características descritas en este trabajo. Estos resultados los discutimos a la luz de las nociones de fábrica y empresa y de psicopolítica, propuestas por Gilles Deleuze y Byung-Chul Han, respectivamente.
Finalmente, asumiendo el panorama de la empresarización de las universidades, realizamos una reflexión prospectiva para sugerir acciones que permitirían hacer frente a esta lógica: primero, más diagnósticos sobre los lineamientos y prácticas empresariales que van trazando la ruta de desarrollo de las universidades; y, segundo, la ampliación de los perfiles de egreso en los programas educativos de licenciatura en filosofía a través de la caracterización de nuevos campos profesionalizantes y de prácticas de la filosofía
PENGARUH TAX AMNESTY, PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI, KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK DI KPP PRATAMA PEKANBARU TAMPAN
Authors: Wahidah Ari Nur 
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh tax amnesty, pertumbuhan ekonomi kepatuhan wajib pajak, terhadap penerimaan pajak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dan diukur dengan menggunakan skal likert. Populasi penelitian ini adalah wajib pajak orang pribadi (WP) yang terdaftar dikantor pelayanan pajak pratama pekanbaru Tampan sebanyak 100 orang. Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan incidental sampling, yaitu siapa yang secara kebetulan bertemu dengan peneliti digunakan sebagai sampel serta cocok sebagai sumber data. Tehnik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan SPSS 17.0 for Windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial dan simultan tax amnesty, pertumbuhan ekonomi, kepatuhan wajib pajak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap penerimaan pajak.
Linguistic competence, Communicative Competence and Interactional Competence
Authors: Chathamkulam Abdulrahman Nishad , Abu-Ayyash Emad A. S. 
Published: November 2019

Linguistic competence, communicative competence, and interactional competence have had profound impact on second language teaching, learning, and testing. Although a significant number of studies have been conducted on these three competences, they have not been conflated for discussion in a single study. Adding this piece to the jigsaw, the current paper explores all the three competences in more depth. This paper had a twin purpose of 1) providing a historical account of the linguistic, communicative and interactional competences, and 2) reviewing of the literature on them in order to identify gaps, if any, with the intention to propose new research ideas pertinent to the three types of competence. In order to achieve the study aims, intensive literature survey was conducted. Based on the review of the related studies on linguistic, communicative and interactional competences, this article provides recommendations for effective classroom practice and future research.
Chemical Changes in Strained Dairy Product Produced with Organic Milk by Using Kefir Grains and Yogurt Culture during Refrigerated Storage
Authors: GULER Zehra , TEKİN Ali , DURSUN Ahmet 
Published: November 2019

The objective of this study was to produce a
strained dairy product made from organic milk using yogurt culture and kefir
grains as a new product development. Strained dairy product was analyzed for carbohydrates,
organic acids, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), basic chemical composition as
well as overall acceptability at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of refrigerated
storage. While galactose content in dairy products increased, lactose and glucose
contents decreased on 14th day of storage. The main VOC was ethanol,
accounted for about 58% of total volatiles. An increase in succinic acid (from 312
mg/kg to 638 mg/kg), acetic acid (632 mg/kg-843 mg/kg), ethyl octanoate (1.07%-4.15%)
and a decrease in viscosity (5754 mPas-1050 mPas) and total solids (24.33%-20.64%)
towards the end of storage were observed. Refrigerated storage for more than 21
days could not be recommended since the product was found unacceptable by the
panelists but the product consumption at the first 21 days of storage may be an
advantage for lactose intolerance humans due to its low lactose level.
Kuru İncirin İşlenmesi, Kalite Problemleri ve Gıda Endüstrisinin Geliştirdiği Yenilikçi Yöntemler
Authors: GENÇDAĞ Esra , GÖRGÜÇ Ahmet , YILMAZ Fatih Mehmet 
Published: November 2019

Türkiye, sahip olduğu özel
ekolojik koşullar sayesinde farklı türlerde incir zenginliğine sahip ve aynı
zamanda kurutmalık ve sofralık incir yetiştiriciliğinde ve ticaretinde dünyada lider
konumdadır. Özellikle kurutmaya en uygun olan Sarılop çeşidi incir, ülkemizde toplam incir üretiminin %90’ından
fazlasına karşılık gelen önemli bir ihracat ürünüdür. Kuru incir üretiminde
gözlenen kalite problemleri yetiştiricilik, hasat, kurutma, işleme ve depolama
süreçlerinin hepsinden ileri gelebilmektedir. Bu yüzden, kuru incir üretiminde bahçeden
itibaren işlenip ambalajlanana kadar birçok zirai ve teknolojik önlem
alınmaktadır. Kuru incirde önemli bir gıda güvenliği problemi olan aflatoksin
bulunma riski bu konuda çok sayıda çalışma yapılmasını sağlamıştır. Gıda
endüstrisi, kaliteli kuru incir üretiminin sağlanması amacıyla alternatif
yöntemler geliştirmekte ve bu yöntemlerin işletmelerde kullanılabilirliği test
edilmektedir. Kuru incir işlemede metil bromitin yerine kullanılabilecek fümigasyon
tekniklerin aranması, yeni analiz yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi ve kuru incir
işleme hattında bilgisayar - algoritma tabanlı görüntüleme tekniklerinin
kullanımı söz konusu yeni teknolojilerden bazılarıdır. Bu derleme kapsamında, güncel
çalışmalar takip edilerek kuru incir üretimi, kalite problemleri ve kuru incir
işlemede geliştirilen yenilikçi yöntemler hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.