bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanofluorochromic Anthryl Phosphonate/Benzoic Acid Cocrystals with a Large Blue Shift: The Role of P=O⋅⋅⋅H Interactions
Authors: Prusti Banchhanidhi , Chakravarty Manab 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOrganophosphonates have a rich and diverse chemistry, but their mechanofluorochromic features have rarely been documented. Herein, we report on cocrystals of anthranylphosphonate with (E)‐4‐(2‐(anthracen‐9‐yl)vinyl)benzoic acid that exhibit reversible mechanofluorochromic properties with large blue shifts. Anisotropic grinding (or pressure of just 25 kPa) maintains the co‐crystals emission features but leads to a pronounced 59 nm (2087 cm−1) blue‐shift. Such an impressive blue‐shift for a cocrystal has not been reported to date. The underlying causes for the blue‐shift were validated by X‐ray diffraction (powder and single crystal) studies and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Twisted molecular conformations and P=O⋅⋅⋅ H/C=O⋅⋅⋅H/C⋅⋅⋅H noncovalent interactions afford molecular arrangements via slip‐stacks with two different pitch angles and relatively larger interlayer distances. The new compound was established as a potential medium for optical recording and security display.
Isolable 1‐Butene Copper(I) Complexes and 1‐Butene/Butane Separation Using Structurally Adaptable Copper Pyrazolates
Authors: Elashkar Ahmed H. , Parasar Devaborniny , Muñoz‐Castro Alvaro , Doherty Cara M. , Cowan Matthew G. , Dias H. V. Rasika 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNon‐porous small molecule adsorbents such as {[3,5‐(CF3)2Pz]Cu}3 (where Pz=pyrazolate) are an emerging class of materials that display attractive features for ethene−ethane separation. This work examines the chemistry of fluorinated copper(I) pyrazolates {[3,5‐(CF3)2Pz]Cu}3 and {[4‐Br‐3,5‐(CF3)2Pz]Cu}3 with much larger 1‐butene in both solution and solid state, and reports the isolation of rare 1‐butene complexes of copper(I), {[3,5‐(CF3)2Pz]Cu(H2C=CHC2H5)}2 and {[4‐Br‐3,5‐(CF3)2Pz]Cu(H2C=CHC2H5)}2 and their structural, spectroscopic, and computational data. The copper−butene adduct formation in solution involves olefin‐induced structural transformation of trinuclear copper(I) pyrazolates to dinuclear mixed‐ligand systems. Remarkably, larger 1‐butene is able to penetrate the dense solid material and to coordinate with copper(I) ions at high molar occupancy. A comparison to analogous ethene and propene complexes of copper(I) is also provided.
Lignin Cellulose Nanofibrils as an Electrochemically Functional Component for High‐Performance and Flexible Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Tanguy Nicolas R. , Wu Haoran , Nair Sandeep S. , Lian Keryn , Yan Ning 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe increasing demand for wearable electronics has driven the development of supercapacitor electrode materials toward enhanced energy density, while being mechanically strong, flexible, as well as environmentally friendly and low‐cost. Taking advantage of faradaic reaction of quinone groups in natural lignin that is covalently bound to the high‐strength cellulose nanofibrils, the fabrication of a novel class of mechanically strong and flexible thin film electrodes with high energy storage performance is reported. The electrodes were made by growing polyaniline (PANI) on flexible films composed of lignin‐containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets at various loading levels. The highest specific capacitance was observed for the LCNF/rGO/PANI electrode with 20 wt% rGO nanosheets (475 F g−1 at 10 mV s−1 and 733 F g−1 at 1 mV s−1), which represented a 68 % improvement as compared to a similar electrode made without lignin. In addition, the LCNF/rGO(20)/PANI electrode demonstrated high rate performance and cycle life (87 % after 5000 cycles). These results indicated that LCNF functioned as an electrochemically active multifunctional component to impart the composite electrode with mechanical strength and flexibility and enhanced overall energy storage performance. LCNF/rGO(20)/PANI electrode was further integrated in a flexible supercapacitor device, revealing the excellent promise of LCNF for fabrication of advanced flexible electrodes with reduced cost and environmental footprint and enhanced mechanical and energy storage performances.
Graphene Modified Polyaniline‐Hydrogel Based Stretchable Supercapacitor with High Capacitance and Excellent Stretching Stability
Authors: Chen Wen , Jiang Shunqiong , Xiao Han , Zhou Xufeng , Xu Xueyan , Yang Jingdong , Siddique Ahmad Hassan , Liu Zhaoping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConjugated polymers have been widely adopted as active materials in hydrogel‐based stretchable supercapacitors, but the relatively low conductivity and poor structural stability limit their applications. Herein, highly conductive graphene was incorporated as a substrate to anchor polyaniline (PANI) in a hydrogel‐based stretchable electrode. Graphene not only provided an effective conducting network in the electrode, but also stabilized PANI during repeating charge‐discharge processes due to strong π‐π interaction between graphene and PANI. The obtained electrode showed high capacitance of 500.13 mF cm−2 and 100 % capacitance retention after 10000 charge‐discharge cycles. The symmetrical supercapacitor using this novel stretchable electrode showed a high capacitance of 218.26 mF cm−2, high capacitance retention of 43 % even when stretched at 150 % strain, and no capacitance decay when stretched to 100 % and then released to 0 % repeatedly for 2000 cycles, all of which were much better than the device based on the electrode without adding graphene. Such outstanding electrochemical performance shows the great application potential of highly conductive graphene in conjugated polymer‐based stretchable energy storage devices.
Social media usage and individuals' intentions toward adopting Bitcoin: The role of the theory of planned behavior and perceived risk
Authors: Anser Muhammad Khalid , Zaigham Ghulam Hussain Khan , Imran Rasheed Muhammad , Pitafi Abdul Hameed , Iqbal Jawad , Luqman Adeel 
Published: November 2020

SummaryDespite the increasing popularity and recognition of cryptocurrencies, little is known about the contextual and psychological variables that predict the behavioral intentions of individuals toward adopting a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin. Utilizing the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB), authors have developed and tested a theoretical model to investigate the relationship between the usage of social media and the intentions of individuals toward adopting Bitcoin. We empirically tested our conceptualized research model using the primary data collected from 443 respondents through a survey conducted in China. Results have shown that the usage of social media is positively associated with users' intentions toward adopting Bitcoin through their attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Individuals' intentions are subsequently associated with their actual behavior toward the adoption of Bitcoin, while we found perceived risk associated with Bitcoin as a moderator on the relationship between the intentions of individuals and their actual behavior. This study extended the TPB in understanding various psychological and contextual factors that predict the adoption of Bitcoin. Moreover, important theoretical and practical implications, as well as the limitations of the study, are discussed.
Combination of canstatin and arsenic trioxide suppresses the development of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Fan , Duan Jingjing , Song Hailin , Yang Li , Zhou Ming , Wang Xuewen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractComplication of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and other drugs in cancer treatment has attracted much focus, but is limitedly investigated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to explore the role of ATO combined with canstatin in HCC. HepG2 cells were treated with different concentrations of ATO with or without canstatin, CCK‐8, flow cytometry, Transwell assays were conducted to determine cell proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and invasion abilities. Besides, the protein expression or mRNA level of caspase‐3, PCNA, and MMP‐2 was measured using western blotting or qRT‐PCR. BALB/c‐nu/nu mice were used to establish nude mouse transplantation tumor model, and received ATO or canstatin treatment for 3 weeks. The results showed that ATO inhibited cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis with a concentration‐dependent way. Canstatin had a significantly inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, but had limited effects on the other cellular behaviors. Besides, combination with ATO and canstatin strengthened the effects of ATO alone on cell proliferation inhibition and cell apoptosis promotion. Moreover, both of ATO and canstatin increased the protein expression of caspase‐3, while decreased PCNA and MMP‐2, which was further strengthened upon their combination. Furthermore, both of ATO and canstatin inhibited tumor growth in vivo, which was also strengthened upon their combination. Collectively, we found that combined canstatin and ATO significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and adhesion abilities, and promoted cell apoptosis, and inhibited tumor growth, thus suppressed the progression of HCC.
Establishing the South Australian Macrobenthic Traits (SAMT) database: A trait classification for functional assessments
Authors: Lam‐Gordillo Orlando , Baring Ryan , Dittmann Sabine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTrait‐based approaches are increasingly used as a proxy for understanding the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Macrobenthic fauna are considered one of the major providers of ecosystem functions in marine soft sediments; however, several gaps persist in the knowledge of their trait classification, limiting the potential use of functional assessments. While trait databases are available for the well‐studied North Atlantic benthic fauna, no such trait classification system exists for Australia. Here, we present the South Australian Macrobenthic Traits (SAMT) database, the first comprehensive assessment of macrobenthic fauna traits in temperate Australian waters. The SAMT database includes 13 traits and 54 trait‐modalities (e.g., life history, morphology, physiology, and behavior), and is based on records of macrobenthic fauna from South Australia. We provide trait information for more than 250 macrobenthic taxa, including outcomes from a fuzzy coding procedure, as well as an R package for using and analyzing the SAMT database. The establishment of the SAMT constitutes the foundation for a comprehensive macrobenthic trait database for the wider southern Australian region that could facilitate future research on functional perspectives, such as assessments of functional diversity and changes to ecosystem functioning.
Identifying different phenotypes in takotsubo cardiomyopathy by latent class analysis
Authors: Li Pengyang , Dai Qiying , Cai Peng , Teng Catherine , Pan Su , Dixon Richard A.F. , Liu Qi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsThis study sought to determine whether clinical clusters exist in takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) is a heterogeneous disorder with a complex, poorly understood pathogenesis. To better understand the heterogeneity of TCM, we identified different clinical phenotypes in a large sample of TCM patients by using latent class analysis (LCA).Methods and resultsUsing the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, we identified 3139 patients admitted to hospitals in 2016–2017 with a primary diagnosis of TCM. We performed LCA based on several patient demographics and comorbidities: age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, current smoking, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and anxiety and depressive disorders. We then repeated LCA separately with the NIS 2016 and 2017 data sets and performed a robust test to validate our results. We also compared in‐hospital outcomes among the different clusters identified by LCA. Four patient clusters were identified. C1 (n = 1228, 39.4%) had the highest prevalence of hyperlipidaemia (93.4%), hypertension (61.6%), and diabetes (34.3%). In C2 (n = 440, 14.0%), all patients had COPD, and many were smokers (45.8%). C3 (n = 376, 11.8%) largely comprised patients with anxiety disorders (98.4%) and depressive disorders (80.1%). C4 (n = 1097, 34.8%) comprised patients with isolated TCM and few comorbidities. Among all clusters, C1 had the lowest in‐hospital mortality (1.0%) and the shortest length of stay (3.2 ± 3.1 days), whereas C2 had the highest in‐hospital mortality (3.4%).ConclusionsUsing LCA, we identified four clinical phenotypes of TCM. These may reflect different pathophysiological processes in TCM. Our findings may help identify treatment targets and select patients for future clinical trials.
Expanding the 0D Rb7M3X16 (M=Sb, Bi; X=Br, I) Family: Dual‐Band Luminescence in Rb7Sb3Br16
Authors: McCall Kyle M. , Benin Bogdan M. , Wörle Michael , Vonderach Thomas , Günther Detlef , Kovalenko Maksym V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInorganic, lead‐free metal halides are widely sought after following the rise of the halide perovskites as outstanding optoelectronic materials, due to their enhanced stability and reduced toxicity. Herein, we report on the solvothermal synthesis of Rb7Sb3Br16, which exhibits a 0D structure comprised of [SbBr6]3− octahedra and edge‐sharing bioctahedra [Sb2Br10]4− dimers that order into layers along the c‐axis. This all‐inorganic material is air‐stable and exhibits weak orange photoluminescence (PL) at room temperature. Low‐temperature PL and PL excitation (PLE) measurements reveal the presence of two distinct emission bands that originate from these structural units, with the high‐energy emission quenching as temperature rises beyond 150 K. We are also able to obtain Rb7Bi3Br16 and Rb7Bi3I16 which both crystallize in orthorhombic symmetry, with Rb7Bi3Br16 presenting weak low‐temperature luminescence while Rb7Bi3I16 is non‐luminescent. This work expands the library of emissive inorganic metal halides and provides further evidence for the efficacy of low‐dimensional Sb−X luminescent centers based on octahedral and edge‐sharing [Sb2X10]4− dimers.
The combined action of monocytic myeloid‐derived suppressor cells and mucosal‐associated invariant T cells promotes the progression of cervical cancer
Authors: Lu Zhimin , Zhu Mengting , Marley Jordan Lee , Bi Kaihuan , Wang Kangxia , Zhai Muxin , Hu Hui , Guo Peipei , Li Caihua , Xu Yuping , Chen Ya , Zhou Ping , Wei Zhaolian , Jiang Huanhuan , Cao Yunxia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOne of the most common promoters of the initiation and growth of the tumor is an immune disturbance. Numerous immune cells and inflammatory factors play a role in the tumor‐immune microenvironment. However, few studies have investigated the correlation between these immunological events and clinical consequences in cervical cancer. We measured the levels of numerous inflammatory mediators and frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and mucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in peripheral blood (PB) of cervical cancer patients. Cervical cancer patients showed elevated production of interleukin (IL)‐18 and plasma C‐C chemokine ligand (CCL) 3/5. Meanwhile, an accumulation of C‐C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) monocytic (Mo)‐MDSCs and Tregs was observed. The cervical cancer group displayed increased frequencies of CD8+, CD4+and highly activated CD38+CD8+MAIT cells, and reduction of double‐negative (DN) and PD1(CD279+) DN MAIT cells. Importantly, it was demonstrated that MAIT cells were positively related to Mo‐MDSCs. Furthermore, an elevated concentration of PD1(CD279+) DN MAIT cells was significantly related to increased progression‐free survival of patients with cervical cancer. In conclusion, our study suggests that the combined action of Mo‐MDSCs and MAIT cells might be associated with the progression of cervical cancer, and the frequency of DN MAIT cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells was associated with the survival benefit of patients.
Insider trading in the run‐up to merger announcements. Before and after the UK's Financial Services Act 2012
Authors: Pham Rebecca , Ausloos Marcel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAfter the 2007/2008 financial crisis, the UK government decided that a change in regulation was required to amend the poor control of financial markets. The Financial Services Act 2012 was developed as a result in order to give more control and authority to the regulators of financial markets. Thus, the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) succeeded the Financial Services Authority (FSA). An area requiring an improvement in regulation was insider trading. Our study examines the effectiveness of the FCA in its duty of regulating insider trading through utilising the event study methodology to assess abnormal returns in the run‐up to the first announcement of mergers. Samples of abnormal returns are examined on periods, under regulation either by the FSA or by the FCA. Practically, stock price data on the London Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2012 and from 2015 to 2019 are investigated. The results from this study determine that abnormal returns are reduced after the implementation of the Financial Services Act 2012; prices are also found to be noisier in the period before the 2012 Act. Insignificant abnormal returns are found in the run‐up to the first announcement of mergers in the 2015–2019 period. This concludes that the FCA is efficient in regulating insider trading.
The effectiveness of smartphone compassion training on stress among Swedish university students: A pilot randomized trial
Authors: Andersson Christina , Bergsten Katja Lindert , Lilliengren Peter , Norbäck Kajsa , Rask Karin , Einhorn Stefan , Osika Walter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of a 6‐week smartphone compassion training intervention on mental health.MethodFifty‐seven Swedish university students (mean age = 25, SD = 5) reporting high levels of stress were randomized to compassion training (n = 23), mindfulness (n = 19), or waitlist (n = 15).ResultMultilevel models indicated that both compassion and mindfulness training increased self‐compassion compared to the waitlist, while only compassion significantly reduced stress. Between‐group effect sizes for compassion compared to waitlist were large for both self‐compassion (d = 1.61) and stress (d = 0.94). Compassion and mindfulness did not differ significantly, but effect sizes were in favor of compassion. Secondary outcomes indicated positive effects on emotional awareness, while no effect was found for global psychological distress.ConclusionsOur results suggest that compassion training via a smartphone application can improve self‐compassion and reduce stress among university students. Future studies in larger clinical samples are warranted.
The PKGIα–Rac1 pathway is a novel regulator of insulin‐dependent glucose uptake in cultured rat podocytes
Authors: Audzeyenka Irena , Rogacka Dorota , Rachubik Patrycja , Typiak Marlena , Rychłowski Michał , Angielski Stefan , Piwkowska Agnieszka 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInsulin plays a major role in regulating glucose homeostasis in podocytes. Protein kinase G type Iα (PKGIα) plays an important role in regulating glucose uptake in these cells. Rac1 signaling plays an essential role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and is also essential for insulin‐stimulated glucose transport. The experiments were conducted using primary rat podocytes. We performed western blot analysis, evaluated small GTPases activity assays, measured radioactive glucose uptake, and performed immunofluorescence imaging to analyze the role of PKGIα‐Rac1 signaling in regulating podocyte function. We also utilized a small‐interfering RNA‐mediated approach to determine the role of PKGIα and Rac1 in regulating glucose uptake in podocytes. The present study investigated the influence of the PKGI pathway on the insulin‐dependent regulation of activity and cellular localization of small guanosine triphosphatases in podocytes. We found that the PKGIα‐dependent activation of Rac1 signaling induced activation of the PAK/cofilin pathway and increased insulin‐mediated glucose uptake in podocytes. The downregulation of PKGIα or Rac1 expression abolished this effect. Rac1 silencing prevented actin remodeling and GLUT4 translocation close to the cell membrane. These data provide evidence that PKGIα‐dependent activation of the Rac1 signaling pathways is a novel regulator of insulin‐mediated glucose uptake in cultured rat podocytes.
Microalgae biotechnology as a promising pathway to ecofriendly aquaculture: a state‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Li Huankai , Chen Sihua , Liao Kang , Lu Qian , Zhou Wenguang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAquaculture is an important industry providing high‐quality animal protein to humans, but it brings serious environmental pollutions, such as eutrophication of water bodies and the abuse of antibiotics. Microalgae cultivation, which can recover nutrients, release oxygen and yield value‐added biomass, has been studied intensively as a promising biotechnology for aquaculture wastewater treatment and fish diet production. Herein, we introduce a novel concept of applying microalgae biotechnology in aquaculture by integrating wastewater remediation, biomass harvesting and aquatic animals rearing systems. We review recent progress in aspects of value‐added algal species screening, algae cultivation systems design, nutrient recovery by algal–bacterial interactions, and biomass harvesting technologies. Finally, we discuss some problems, including bacterial contamination, unfavorable conditions in effluent and lack of technological assessment, which may hinder the application of microalgae biotechnology. It is expected that this paper could attract researchers' and technicians' attention to the microalgae‐based pollution control and promote the development of ecofriendly aquaculture. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Accelerated desalting and purification of silk fibroin in a CaCl2‐EtOH‐H2O ternary system by excess isopropanol extraction
Authors: Zhang Meng , Weng Yu‐Jie , Zhang Yu‐Qing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSilk fibroin has attracted extensive attention due to its useful biological properties. However, in the regeneration process of silk fibroin, the need for highly concentrated neutral salt dissolution and long‐term dialysis greatly hinder the development of silk biomaterials.RESULTSA 3‐fold volume of isopropanol (IP) was added to one volume of 20% (w/v) silk fibroin solution dissolved in a CaCl2‐EtOH‐H2O ternary system (SFTS) to extract the protein. The extraction resulted in the precipitate consisted of aggregated silk fibroin in the SFTS. The extracted protein was easily resolubilised in water. Compared with the original dialysis time required for the SFTS, the dialysis time of the extracted protein was shortened by nearly half. When the SFTS was diluted with a 2.5‐fold volume of water, the same IP extraction resulted in the dialysis time being shortened by two thirds. SDS‐PAGE showed that IP extraction did not cause breakage of the silk peptide chain. FTIR and X‐ray diffraction indicated this extraction had no influence on the secondary structure of silk fibroin.CONCLUSIONExcess IP extraction effectively accelerates the desalting and purification of fibroin in a CaCl2‐EtOH‐H2O ternary system without affecting the protein structure, thus greatly improving the regeneration efficiency of silk fibroin. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry