bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La educación superior desde arriba y desde abajo: el caso del Hostos Community College en la ciudad de Nueva York
Authors: Cruz José E. 
Published: November 2020

Este artículo da cuenta del establecimiento y mantenimiento del community college Eugenio María de Hostos, localizado en el municipio del Bronx, en la ciudad de Nueva York, en conexión con reclamos de base por parte de los puertorriqueños y de otros grupos minoritarios en la ciudad durante los años ‘60 y ‘70. Este es un aspecto novedoso en su historia pues lo usual es que las instituciones de educación superior sean iniciativas “desde arriba.” El establecimiento de Hostos ocurrió al mismo tiempo que la puesta en marcha de una política de libre acceso por parte de la universidad de la ciudad (CUNY). La lucha para evitar el cierre de Hostos, dictaminado en 1976, fue similar a la lucha para lograr su establecimiento. El artículo concluye que las iniciativas y esfuerzos “desde arriba” se combinaron de modo indirecto, directo y mediado con las presiones de estudiantes, profesores, activistas, y residentes “desde abajo,” para lograr el establecimiento y la preservación de la institución, y sugiere que el éxito de la movilización social en general depende en gran parte de que su expresión se haga a través del poder más que desde las afueras del poder
Pengukuran Kinerja Mesin Perusahaan Menggunakan Overall Equipment Effectiveness Dan Usulan Perbaikan Menggunakan Diagram Sebab Akibat (Fish-Bone) Pada CV. Jati Makmur Pasuruan
Authors: Karismawan Fredo , Katias Puspandam 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to to know costs inflicted of a system of preventive maintenance and maintenance of the breakdown and its effect on downtime. The research was done in the lumber CV .Jati prosper with the qualitative study approach uses the descriptive. Procedures data collection in penellitian it has several stages of, namely the preliminary survey, theoretical survey, and field study. The result from research found that among januari until december 2010 OEE range 65,093% -81,175%. After research found that two factors majority affect OEE value in CV.Jati Makmur two factors is reduce speed losses and setup and adjustment losses with proportion 45,83% and 40,88%.
QUESTÃO DE GÊNERO: A PERCEPÇÃO DE ALUNOS E EX-ALUNOS DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO STRICTO SENSU EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO SOBRE COMPETÊNCIAS GERENCIAIS
Authors: Cardoso André Luís Janzkovski 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo do estudo é verificar a existência de relações entre variáveis demográficas e a percepção quanto ao constructo competências gerenciais. O estudo é de natureza quantitativa, com coleta de dados por meio de questionário construído a partir da revisão do referencial teórico. Foram enviados 227 questionários a alunos e ex-alunos de pós-graduação stricto sensu em administração de uma universidade particular do Estado do Paraná e foram recebidas 130 respostas válidas. Os resultados indicaram haver diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as percepções de homens e mulheres para a maioria das competências. Outras variáveis demográficas, como idade, escolaridade e experiências funcionais e gerenciais, não se mostraram estatisticamente significativas. A contribuição desta investigação está na confirmação de que homens e mulheres percebem os atributos de competências de maneiras diferentes e nos questionamentos que esta observação implica. Ao revelar que entre as variáveis demográficas pesquisadas é o gênero que mais se correlaciona com a percepção sobre o constructo competências gerencial, abre-se um caminho para debates sobre questões de gênero nas organizações, inclusive quanto aos modelos de competência que têm sido adotados pelas consultorias e organizações estar ou não enviesados em sua constituição e uso. Tal discussão pode ser um início de debates que reconheçam a importância das diferenças entre gêneros e que permitam a compreensão e a articulação dos diferentes significados no processo de sense-making entre homens e mulheres.
Immunometabolism and Covid-19: Could Lifelong Exercise Training Have a Protective Effect?
Authors: Minuzzi Luciele Guerra , Teixeira Ana Maria , Thomatieli-Santos Ronaldo V. , Rosa-Neto Jose C. , Lira Fabio S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The world is experiencing a severe new pandemic, in which the elderly afflicted with chronic diseases are the most affected. The aging of the immune system (immunosenescence) reduces its efficacy against viral infections and increases its susceptibility to repeated acute infections, such as the flu. The improvement of the immune system functioning leading to a reduced incidence of infections can be achieved with regular physical exercise, besides its countless other benefits. The immunosenescence delay in master athletes, protecting them from possible viral infections, has been recently shown. Here the role of aerobic exercise training as an immune system fine-tuning regulator was discussed, focusing on lifelong athletes and specifically on the age-impaired antibody production in immunized elderly and the effects of lifelong physical exercise on the anti-inflammatory and vaccine response optimization. Moreover, the aerobic training effects on the natural killer (NK) cell activity and the underlying mechanisms responsible for a better antiviral response in active elderly and/or master athletes were addressed. It was hypothesized that lifelong exercise training delays age-related decrements in immunity by remodeling the metabolism of different cells (e.g., NK cells), creating a metabolic scenario that in turn improves the immune systemʼs viral response. Lifelong exercisers present a preserved immune response to exercise, indicating that they are better prepared to respond to new immune challenges. Thus, master athletes and lifelong exercisers are possibly protected against or could mitigate the COVID-19 disease.
Recurrence of turbidity currents on glaciated continental margins: A conceptual model from eastern Canada
Authors: Normandeau Alexandre , Campbell D. Calvin 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Turbidity currents in submarine canyons transport large volumes of sediment and carbon to the deep sea and are known to present a major risk to submarine infrastructure. Understanding the origin, the triggers, the recurrence, and the timing of these events is important for predicting future events and mitigating their impact. Depending on the morphological and latitudinal setting of submarine canyons, different external controls will govern the recurrence of turbidity currents. Here, we assess the recurrence of turbidity currents in shelf-incising submarine canyons off eastern Canada in order to examine the effects of external forcings such as glacier retreat and sea level on the deep-water sedimentary record. We used multibeam bathymetry, sub-bottom profiles, and the analysis of turbidites in sediment cores to infer the triggers of turbidity currents over time and propose a conceptual model for the activity of turbidity currents during glacial retreat. The chronostratigraphy of turbidites shows that turbidity current activity in the glaciated The Gully submarine canyon (eastern Canada) was highest between 24 ka cal BP (LGM) and 17 ka cal BP, with &gt; 100 turbidites per 1,000 yr, when the ice sheet was directly delivering sediment to submarine canyons. As the ice margin retreated, the dominant sediment supply switched to glaciofluvial and then to longshore drift, while RSL remained low. The recurrence of turbidity currents nonetheless decreased drastically to &lt; 10 per 1000 yr during that time, pre-dating the rise in RSL. This timing suggests that the reduction of turbidity-current activity is closely linked to retreating glaciers rather than to sea-level rise, which occurred later. Following the retreat of the ice sheet, sea level rose progressively to drown the shallow banks on the continental shelf, and turbidity currents ceased being active after 13 ka cal BP. In the late Holocene, landslide and concomitant turbidity-current recurrence increased to 1 per 1,000 yrs, with at least four new events recorded in deep water. This study shows that glacial sediment supply and sea level controlled the type of sediment supply to the continental slope, which in turn controlled the triggers of turbidity currents over time and the flushing of sediment to the deep water. By comparing with other glaciated margins, we propose a conceptual model explaining the recurrence of turbidity currents, taking into account RSL change and the position of the ice margin relative to the shelf edge. This conceptual model can help predict turbidity-current activity and offshore geohazards on other ancient and modern glaciated continental margins.
Comparison of Vegan and Non-Vegan Diets on Memory and Sleep Quality
Authors: Sengul Pinar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that the quality of nutrition affects many aspects of physical and mental performance. A vegan diet is associated with superior cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions. Mediterranean diets (high fruit and vegetable content) are linked with reduced risk of neurodegenerative diseases and improved performance on cognitive tests. In the present study, verbal memory and sleep quality were assessed in a cohort of 62 adults aged 40 and above. Using a modified Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener, the participants were divided into the categories of vegan, vegetarian, pescatarian, omnivores with low meat/fish consumption, and omnivores with high meat/fish consumption. The California Verbal Learning Test was used to assess verbal learning memory, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Diet was found to have a significant effect on memory but no significant effect on sleep quality. The sample size may have been insufficient to capture the effects of diet on sleep. To definitively establish the relationships between diet patterns and quality of cognitive functioning and sleep, further research is required. The results of this study cast doubt on the hypothesis that the consumption of animal products boosts memory performance.
How Mathematical Modeling Could Contribute to the Quantification of Metastatic Tumor Burden Under Therapy: Insights in Immunotherapeutic Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Schlicke Pirmin , Kuttler Christina , Schumann Christian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer is one of the leading death causes globally with about 8.2 million deaths per year and an increase in numbers in recent years. About 90% of cancer deaths do not occur due to primary tumors but due to metastases, of which most are not clinically identifiable because of their relatively small size at primary diagnosis and limited technical possibilities. However, therapeutic decisions are formed depending on the existence of metastases and their properties. Therefore non-identified metastases might have huge influence in the treatment outcome. The quantification of clinically visible and invisible metastases is important for the choice of an optimal treatment of the individual patient as it could clarify the burden of non identifiable tumors as well as the future behavior of the cancerous disease. Results: The mathematical model presented in this study gives insights in how this could be achieved, taking into account different treatment possibilities and therefore being able to compare therapy schedules for individual patients with different clinical parameters. The framework was tested on three patients with non-small cell lung cancer, one of the deadliest types of cancer worldwide, and clinical history including platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-L1-targeted immunotherapy. Results yield promising insights into the framework to establish methods to quantify effects of different therapy methods and prognostic features for individual patients already at stage of primary diagnosis.
Association Between Parents’ Smoking Status and Tobacco Exposure in School-Age Children: Assessment Using Major Urine Biomarkers
Authors: Jeong Sung Hoon , Jang Bich Na , Kang Soo Hyun , Joo Jae Hong , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Children are at risk of exposure to secondhand smoke. We aimed to evaluate the extent of their exposure to it in relation to their parents’ smoking status by using biomarkers relevant to smoking. We evaluated 847 school-age children (6–12 years) who lived with their parents, using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2018. Secondhand smoke exposure in children of non-smoking and smoking parents was assessed by measuring urinary 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and cotinine concentrations. Overall, the parents of 482 (55.1%) children smoked and those of 392 (44.9%) children did not smoke. After adjusting for covariates, significantly higher concentrations of NNAL (β=0.482, standard error [S.E.]=0.065, P<0.001) and cotinine (β=0.472, S.E.=0.06, P<0.001) were found in children of smoking parents than in children of non-smoking parents. Children of parents who smoked a higher number of cigarettes showed higher NNAL and cotinine concentrations than children of non-smoking parents. Children with both parents who smoked showed the highest NNAL and cotinine concentrations. Children of smoking parents are at a higher risk of exposure to secondhand smoke. A smoke-free environment must be maintained to protect children from the harmful effects of secondhand smoke. Therefore, comprehensive national anti-smoking policies are required.
Physical Exercise and Economic Burden Associated With Anxiety Symptoms in Pregnant Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Deng Jie , Hu Chun Hui , Ning Yu Xin , Xu Ping , Lu Chen , Wang Jia Qi , Sun Jun yi , Shou Shi cong , Chen Min , Duan Peng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 with high infectivity and high concealment has been widely spread around the world. This major public health event has caused anxiety among the public, including pregnant women. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of anxiety symptoms in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic and its influencing factors.Methods: Using an ongoing prospective pregnancy registry, we performed a single center cross-sectional analysis to investigate the overall prevalence of anxiety symptoms among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Online questionnaires were used to collect information including sociodemographic data, physical activity and economic situations. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. The univariate regression analysis was performed to detect factors potentially influencing anxiety symptoms among pregnant women. The multivariate regression analysis was also conducted to analyze the association of physical exercise and economic burden with anxiety symptoms by adjusting for other variables.Results: A total of 1,517 pregnant women entered the analysis. The study reported that 31.64% of the respondents had anxiety symptoms. Those with bank loans were at higher odds of suffering from anxiety symptoms compared to those without bank loans [(adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.494, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.181~1.889]. Those who took 2,000~5,000 steps/day (aOR 0.825, 95% CI 0.603~0.875) and >5,000 steps/day (aOR 0.924, 95% CI 0.439~0.945) were at lower odds of suffering from anxiety symptoms compared to those who took <500 steps/day. Similarly, the adjusted odds ratios for anxiety symptoms was 0.750 (95% CI 0.663~0.790) and 0.800 (95% CI 0.226~0.889) lower in participants with exercise frequencies of 4-6, and ≥7 times/week, compared to those with a frequency of <2 times/week.Conclusions: Three in ten pregnant women experienced anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, and anxiety symptoms showed association with bank loans and physical exercise. To prevent anxiety of pregnant women, the promotion of healthy lifestyles, improvement of mental health services, and expansion of social support should be implemented during epidemics. In parallel, the integration of psycho-educational interventions with mental health services among public health centers is required to minimize anxiety symptoms in pregnancy women.
Systematic Differences in Effect Estimates Between Observational Studies and Randomized Control Trials in Meta-Analyses Combining Both Study Designs in Nephrology
Authors: Kimachi Miho , Onishi Akira , Tajika Aran , Kimachi Kimihiko , Furukawa Toshi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The limited availability of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in nephrology undermines causal inferences in meta-analyses. Systematic reviews of observational studies have grown more common under such circumstances. We conducted systematic reviews of all comparative observational studies in nephrology from 2006 to 2016 to assess the trends in the past decade. We then focused on the meta-analyses combining observational studies and RCTs to evaluate the systematic differences in effect estimates between study designs using two statistical methods: by estimating the ratio of odds ratios (ROR) of the pooled OR obtained from observational studies versus those from RCTs and by examining the discrepancies in their statistical significance. The number of systematic reviews of observational studies in nephrology had grown by 11.7-fold in the past decade. Among 56 records combining observational studies and RCTs, ROR suggested that the estimates between study designs agreed well (ROR: 1.05, 95% confidence interval: 0.90-1.23). However, almost half of the reviews led to discrepant interpretations in terms of statistical significance. In conclusion, the findings based on ROR might encourage researchers to justify the inclusion of observational studies in meta-analyses. However, caution is needed as the interpretations based on statistical significance were less concordant than those based on ROR.
The Influence of Pelvic Tilt on Stress Distribution in the Acetabulum: Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Hasegawa Kazuhiro , Kabata Tamon , Kajino Yoshitomo , Inoue Daisuke , Sakamoto Jiro , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Finite element analysis (FEA) has been previously applied for the biomechanical analysis of acetabular dysplasia and osteotomy. However, until now, there have been little reports on the use of FEA to evaluate the effects of pelvic tilt on stress distribution in the acetabulum. Methods We used the Mechanical Finder Ver. 7.0 (RCCM, Inc., Japan) to construct finite element models based on 3D-CT data of patients, and designed dysplasia, borderline, and normal pelvic models. For analysis, body weight was placed on the sacrum and the load of the flexor muscles of the hip joint was placed on the ilium. The pelvic tilt was based on the anterior pelvic plane, and the pelvic tilt angles were -20°, 0°, and 20°. The load of the flexor muscle of the hip joint was calculated using the moment arm equation.Results All three models showed the highest values of von Mises stress in the -20° pelvic tilt angle, and the lowest in the 20° angle. Stress distribution concentrated in the load-bearing area. The maximum values of von Mises stress in the borderline at pelvic tilt angles of -20° was 3.5Mpa, and in the dysplasia at pelvic tilt angles of 0° was 3.1Mpa. Conclusions The pelvic tilt angle of -20° of the borderline model showed equal maximum values of von Mises stress than the dysplasia model of pelvic tilt angle of 0°, indicating that pelvic retroversion of -20° in borderline is a risk factor for osteoarthritis of the hip joints, similar to dysplasia.
The Impact of Reputation, Costs, and Interactive Care on Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Lu Wu , Al-Hakim Latif 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background. This research empirically tested the impact of hospital reputation and its cost system on the relationship between hospital’s interactive care and patient satisfaction. Methods. An anonymous, self-administrated questionnaire was distributed randomly among outpatients in five large hospitals located at Zhejiang Province, China. Controlled common method bias test was conducted to ensure that the common variance is not a major concern in data analysis. One-factor congeneric measurement was employed to test fitness of factors assigned to variables. Data were further tested for convergence validity, and internal and item reliability. SPSS v.25 software with PROCESS v.3.3 model in a bootstrap approach were used to test the mediation and moderation effects. Results. We received 1441 valid responses (valid response rate 66.6%). A total of 22 questionnaire items out of 25 items survived the factor analysis and common method bias tests. Results show significant positive correlation (ρ < 0.01) between the model’s variables, with correlation between interactive care and reputation (0.732) is the highest. The analysis indicates the hospital reputation moderates the relationship between hospital’s reputation and patient satisfaction. It also illustrates that poor payment administration may affect the patient satisfaction, but its effect is much less on the hospital’s reputation.Conclusion: This research validates two assertions of other research works. First, hospital reputation is more important factor than costs in the selection of the hospital, and second, the perception that healthcare providers with higher expenses provide better care are not true always. Further, our research gives a reason as why many patients from rural area usually manage appointments with doctors in hospitals in urban area rather than having appointment with doctor in the Rural Community hospitals, which have lower reputation.