bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monosodium glutamate restricts the adipogenic potential of 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes through mitotic clonal expansion
Authors: Türküner Mehmet Soner , Özcan Ferruh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent epidemiologic studies pointed out a significant correlation between dietary monosodium glutamate (MSG) and increased body mass index. Corroborating evidences came from animal studies depicting a clear association between dietary MSG intake and increased abdominal fat, dyslipidemia, adipocyte hypertrophy, and total body weight gain. Taken together with the inferred absence of conspicuous hypothalamic neuropathies the hallmark of disease etiopathogenesis in MSG‐obese animals, these animal studies with dietary MSG strongly argue for the presence of an alternative non‐neuronal route for MSG to mediate its adipose tissue‐specific phenotype and body weight gain. On the basis of this hypothesis, we investigated the direct effect of physiologically relevant low (100 µM), moderate (250 µM), and high dosages (2.5 and 25 mM) of MSG on distinct phases of adipocyte differentiation. MSG‐dependent changes in cell proliferation and lipid accumulation were analyzed by cell proliferation assays, flow cytometry, and biochemical methods, respectively. Physiologically relevant high dosages MSG demonstrated a significant potential in reducing MCE and thereof adipogenic capacity of preadipocytes in a dose‐dependent manner by restricting the availability of critical mitogenic proteins, CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein β (CEBPβ), and the mitotic cyclin B. Our findings warrant further investigations to unravel the effect of long‐term dietary MSG intake on capacity of preadipocytes in different fat depots to undergo mitotic clonal expansion and hyperplasia in rodent models and human subjects, respectively.
A case report of idiopathic environmental intolerance: A controversial and current issue
Authors: Quarato Marco , De Maria Luigi , Caputi Antonio , Cavone Domenica , Cannone Enza Sabrina Silvana , Mansi Francesca , Gatti Maria Franca , Vimercati Luigi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this case of idiopathic environmental intolerance, a little known disease characterized by many symptoms of irritation due to exposure to several toxic compounds, genetic analysis could be helpful in case of differential diagnosis issue.
BODIPY‐Based Fluorescent Probes for Biothiols
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wang Nannan , Ji Xin , Tao Yuanfang , Wang Jiamin , Zhao Weili 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFluorescent probes for biothiols have aroused increasing interest owing to their potential to enable better understanding of the diverse physiological and pathological processes related to the biothiol species. BODIPY fluorophores exhibit excellent optical properties, which can be readily tailored by introducing diverse functional units at various positions of the BODIPY core. In the present review, the development of fluorescent probes based on BODIPYs for the detection of biothiols are systematically summarized, with emphasis on the preferable detection of individual biothiols, as well as simultaneous discrimination among cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), reduced glutathione (GSH). In addition, organelle‐targeting probes for biothiols are also highlighted. The general design principles, various recognition mechanisms, and biological applications are elaboratively discussed, which could provide a useful reference to researchers worldwide interested in this area.
Interfacial Engineering in PtNiCo/NiCoS Nanowires for Enhanced Electrocatalysis and Electroanalysis
Authors: Sun Yingjun , Li Yingjie , Qin Yingnan , Wang Lei , Guo Shaojun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSearching for new anti‐poisoning Pt‐based catalysts with enhanced activity for alcohol oxidation is the key in direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs). However, in the traditional strategy for designing bimetallic or multimetallic alloy is still difficult to achieve a satisfactory heterogeneous electrocatalyst because the activity often depends on only the surface atoms. Herein, we fabricate the multicomponent active sites by creating a sulfide structure on 1D PtNiCo trimetallic nanowires (NWs), to give a PtNiCo/NiCoS interface NWs (IFNWs). Owing to the presence of sulfide interfaces, the PtNiCo/NiCoS IFNWs enable an impressive methanol/ethanol oxidation reaction (MOR/EOR) performance and excellent anti‐CO poisoning tolerance. They have the MOR and EOR mass activities of 2.25 Amg‐1Pt and 1.62 Amg‐1Pt, around 1.26, 3.21 and 1.46, 2.96 times higher than those of PtNiCo NWs and commercial Pt/C, respectively. CO‐stripping and XPS measurements further demonstrate that the new interfacial structure and optimal bonding of Pt−CO can result in accelerating the removal of surface adsorbed carbonaceous intermediates. Moreover, such a unique structure has also demonstrated a much‐improved ability for the electrochemical detection of some important molecules (H2O2 and NH2NH2).
Rational Design of Porous Structured Nickel Manganese Sulfides Hexagonal Sheets‐in‐Cage Structures as an Advanced Electrode Material for High‐Performance Electrochemical Capacitors
Authors: Khalafallah Diab , Wu Zongxiao , Zhi Mingjia , Hong Zhanglian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe design of hierarchical electrodes comprising multiple components with a high electrical conductivity and a large specific surface area has been recognized as a feasible strategy to remarkably boost pseudocapacitors. Herein, we delineate hexagonal sheets‐in‐cage shaped nickel–manganese sulfides (Ni‐Mn‐S) with nanosized open spaces for supercapacitor applications to realize faster redox reactions and a lower charge‐transfer resistance with a markedly enhanced specific capacitance. The hybrid was facilely prepared through a two‐step hydrothermal method. Benefiting from the synergistic effect between Ni and Mn active sites with the improvement of both ionic and electric conductivity, the resulting Ni‐Mn‐S hybrid displays a high specific capacitance of 1664 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and a capacitance of 785 F g−1 is maintained at a current density of 50 A g−1, revealing an outstanding capacity and rate performance. The asymmetric supercapacitor device assembled with the Ni‐Mn‐S hexagonal sheets‐in‐cage as the positive electrode delivers a maximum energy density of 40.4 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 750 W kg−1. Impressively, the cycling retention of the as‐fabricated device after 10 000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g−1 reaches 85.5 %. Thus, this hybrid with superior capacitive performance holds great potential as an effective charge‐storage material.
Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Unresolved CFD‐DEM
Authors: Bérard Ariane , Patience Gregory S. , Blais Bruno 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCFD‐DEM combines computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which solves the equation of motion of gas or liquids, with the discrete element method (DEM), a simulation technique based on a Lagrangian description of particle motion that predicts the flow of granular matter and powders. Resolved CFD‐DEM solves the fluid motion with CFD at a scale smaller than the particle diameter (d
p), assuming no‐slip on the particle surface to couple the phases. The fluid solver scale is coarser than d
p in unresolved CFD‐DEM and virtual mass, drag, and other solid‐fluid forces couple the phases. Resolved CFD‐DEM is more accurate, but is orders of magnitude more computationally intensive. Unresolved CFD‐DEM predicts solid distribution, pressure loss, mass flow rate, and dense and dilute phase flow patterns when the solid to fluid and fluid to solid coupling between the fluid phase and the solid phase are non‐trivial. Researchers apply CFD‐DEM to predict gas‐fluid dynamics of fluidized beds, spouted beds, hoppers, cyclones, costal erosion, and rock slides. Open source codes, commercial software, and parallel computer architectures have accelerated its adoption in pharmaceutical, agro‐industrial, and reactor design. Current research targets improving the solid‐fluid coupling strategies and multiphysics problems including heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical reactions within or at the surface of the particles. The field has grown to over 200 indexed articles per year (Web of Science) in 2018. This article is part of a special series dedicated to experimental methods in chemical engineering that reviews the most important concepts, applications, and limitations of each technique.
Epidemiology and survival trend of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma in the United States
Authors: Shah Urvi A. , Shah Nishi , Qiao Baozhen , Acuna‐Villaorduna Ana , Pradhan Kith , Adrianzen Herrera Diego , Sica R. Alejandro , Shastri Aditi , Mantzaris Ioannis , Derman Olga , Kornblum Noah , Braunschweig Ira , Ye B. Hilda , Verma Amit , Janakiram Murali 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundGlobally, 5 million to 10 million people are infected with human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1, which causes adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in 2% to 5% of the carriers. ATLL is a rare but extremely aggressive malignancy that can be challenging to diagnose. Very little data exist on the incidence patterns of ATLL in the United States.MethodsATLL cases reported to the National Program of Cancer Registries, the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, and the New York State Cancer Registry were used for the study. Age‐adjusted incidence rates were calculated by age, race/ethnicity, sex, and year of diagnosis. The 5‐year survival rate was compared among race/ethnicity groups with the SEER data.ResultsDuring 2001‐2015, 2148 ATLL cases were diagnosed in the United States, 18% of which were in New York State. New York State had the highest incidence rate for ATLL, with a rising trend especially among non‐Hispanic blacks (NHBs), whereas the incidence was stable across the remainder of the United States. NHBs were diagnosed at a younger median age (54 years) and had a shorter overall survival (6 months). In New York City, only 22.6% of the ATLL cases diagnosed were born in North America.ConclusionsThis is the largest epidemiological study of ATLL in the United States and shows a rising incidence in New York City. NHBs have a younger age at presentation and poor overall survival. The rising incidence is largely due to NHBs originating from the Caribbean.
PLEKHA5 regulates tumor growth in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Zhang Hongyi , Zhu Huifang , Deng Gang , Zito Christopher R. , Oria Victor O. , Rane Chetan K. , Zhang Shenqi , Weiss Sarah A. , Tran Thuy , Adeniran Adebowale , Zhang Fanfan , Zhou Jiangbing , Kluger Yuval , Bosenberg Marcus W. , Kluger Harriet M. , Jilaveanu Lucia B. 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundPLEKHA5 has previously been identified as a novel molecule implicated in melanoma brain metastasis, a disease that continues to portend a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to further investigate the functional role of PLEKHA5 in disseminated melanoma.MethodsThe impact of PLEKHA5 on proliferation and tumor growth was examined in vitro and in melanoma xenograft models, including brain‐tropic melanomas (melanomas tending to disseminate to the brain). In vitro loss‐ and gain‐of‐function studies were used to explore the underlying mechanisms of PLEKHA5‐mediated tumor growth and the crosstalk between PLEKHA5 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR or MAPK/ERK signaling. The clinical relevance of PLEKHA5 dysregulation was further investigated in a cohort of matched cranial and extracranial melanoma metastases.ResultsPLEKHA5 stable knockdown negatively regulated cell proliferation by inhibiting the G1‐to‐S cell cycle transition, which coincided with upregulation of the cell cycle regulator PDCD4. Conversely, ectopic PLEKHA5 expression exhibited the inverse effect. PLEKHA5 knockdown significantly inhibited tumor growth, whereas its overexpression upregulated the growth of tumors, which was induced by cranial and subcutaneous inoculation of cells in nude mice. PLEKHA5 modulation affected PDCD4 protein stability and was coupled with changes in PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway signaling. High PDCD4 expression in cerebral specimens was associated with better overall survival.ConclusionsThis study further supports the role of PLEKHA5 as a regulator of melanoma growth at distant sites, including the brain. Furthermore, the results highlight the significance of PDCD4 dysregulation in disseminated melanoma and implicate PDCD4 as a possible causal link between PLEKHA5 and cell proliferation and growth.
Retracted: Influence of promotion mode on purchase decision based on multilevel psychological distance dimension of visual attention model and data mining
Authors: Tang Tiantian , Hu Pei , Wu Ge 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn the era of rapid development of information technology, e‐commerce has opened up a different cross‐distance trade model from traditional trade and has changed the traditional market competition. With the rapid development of network information technology and the rapid spread of online shopping, online shopping will gradually become one of the main ways people buy. It is a decision‐making process for a customer to purchase a product to characterize the product, evaluate the characteristics of the product, and select a product that matches its needs. For online merchants, it is especially important to make a profit in online sales and to be in a competitive position. This paper studies the impact of promotional methods based on visual attention models and data mining on purchasing decisions. The revised Itti visual saliency model is designed considering the visual features; the machine learning algorithm is integrated to construct the comprehensive structure of the model. The experimental results show the robustness and efficiency of the designed framework.
Crystallization Mechanism of 9,9‐Diphenyl‐dibenzosilole from Solids
Authors: Li Mingliang , Wang Xiaoge , Wang Guozhi , Ren Shizhao , Li Shuo , Wei Feng , Yan Shouke , Guo Xuefeng , Tu Hailing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOrganic semiconductor (OSC) crystals have great potential to be applied in many fields, as they can be flexibly designed according to the demands and show an outstanding device performance. However, OSCs with the capacity of solid‐state crystallization (SSC) are developing too slowly to meet demands in productions and applications, due to their difficulties in molecular design and synthesis, unclear mechanism and high dependence on experimental conditions. In this work, in order to solve the problems, we synthesized an organic semiconductor capable of SSC at room temperature by adjusting the relationship between conjugated groups and functional groups. The thermodynamic and kinetic properties have been studied to discover the model of film SSC. Moreover, it can be purposefully controlled to prepare the high‐quality crystals, and their corresponding organic electronic devices were further fabricated and discussed.
Performance analysis of achievable sum‐rate for downlink massive MIMO systems
Authors: Li Hao , Wang Zhigang , Wang Houjun 
Published: November 2019

SummaryMassive multiple‐input and multiple‐output (MIMO) has been recognized as a promising technology in the fifth‐generation wireless networks. Under perfect channel state information, we derive three tractable closed‐form expressions that corresponding to the lower bound, approximation, and upper bound on the achievable rate in a massive MIMO downlink system with maximum‐ratio transmission precoding. Based on the proposed closed‐form expressions, the power efficiency of the system is investigated as the number of transmit antennas increases. Simulation results demonstrate the tightness of our proposed closed‐form expressions for the achievable sum‐rate.
Investigation of the controlling rock petrophysical factors on water phase trapping damage in tight gas reservoirs
Authors: Tian Jian , Kang Yili , Jia Na , Luo Pingya , You Lijun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper presents an investigation into the effect of rock physical parameters on water phase trapping (WPT) damage in tight gas reservoirs. The investigation involved water imbibition and drainage experiments that were performed to simulate the WPT formation process. Gas permeability was measured before and after WPT, and an empirical formula was used to determine water film thickness in order to examine the influence of WPT on effective gas flow channel. Results showed that the average water saturation of 15 tight core samples increased from 19.41% to 44.76% during water imbibition and declined to 38.72% after drainage. Increments in water saturation caused a degree of damage to gas permeability in the 36.03%‐78.10% range with an average value of 59.31%. Comparative analysis showed that the dominant factors affecting WPT were average pore throat radius followed by rock permeability and porosity. Meanwhile, calculations showed that water film thickness in the 21.22‐38.18 nm range correlated to a reduced effective gas flow channel of 20.20‐45.15 nm caused by WPT, which suggests that tight rocks with smaller pore throats may be particularly sensitive to WPT damage. The relative size of the water film filling the pore throat, trapping gas, and reducing the effective gas flow channel together with the size of the pore throat itself were found to be the most common damage mechanisms of WPT and have proven to be fundamentally beneficial in understanding the controlling factors of these damage mechanisms.
GATA1 and cooperating mutations in myeloid leukaemia of Down syndrome
Authors: Garnett Catherine , Cruz Hernandez David , Vyas Paresh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMyeloid leukaemia of Down syndrome (ML‐DS) is an acute megakaryoblastic/erythroid leukaemia uniquely found in children with Down syndrome (constitutive trisomy 21). It has a unique clinical course, being preceded by a pre‐leukaemic condition known as transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM), and provides an excellent model to study multistep leukaemogenesis. Both TAM and ML‐DS blasts carry acquired N‐terminal truncating mutations in the erythro‐megakaryocytic transcription factor GATA1. These result in exclusive production of a shorter isoform (GATA1s). The majority of TAM cases resolve spontaneously without the need for treatment; however, around 10% acquire additional cooperating mutations and transform to leukaemia, with differentiation block and clinically significant cytopenias. Transformation is driven by the acquisition of additional mutation(s), which cooperate with GATA1s to perturb normal haematopoiesis.
Major vault protein plays important roles in viral infection
Authors: Wang Wei , Xiong Liang , Wang Pengyun , Wang Fubing , Ma Qingfeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractViral replication and related protein expression inside the host cells, and host antiviral immune responses can lead to the occurrence of diverse diseases. With the outbreak of viral infection, a large number of newly diagnosed and died patients infected with various viruses are still reported every year. Viral infection has already been one of the major global public health issues and lead to huge economic and social burdens. Studying of viral pathogenesis is a very important way to find methods for prevention, diagnosis, and cure of viral infection; more evidence has confirmed that major vault protein (MVP) is closely associated with viral infection and pathogenesis, and this review is intended to provide a broad relationship between viruses and MVP to stimulate the interest of related researchers.
Shikonin improve sepsis‐induced lung injury via regulation of miRNA‐140‐5p/TLR4—a vitro and vivo study
Authors: Zhang Ying Ying , Liu Xue , Zhang Xiaojie , Zhang Jingjing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractShikonin is an anti‐inflammatory agent extracted from natural herbs. The aim of this study is to explain the treatment effects and mechanism of Shikonin in acute lung injury induced by sepsis. In this study, first, we evaluate different Shikonin concentrations for the anti‐inflammation of acute lung injury induced by sepsis in an in vivo study. On the basis of the results, we confirm that 50.0 mg/kg was the best therapeutic Shikonin concentration. As a second step, we discuss the mechanism of Shikonin by a vitro cell experiment. Finaly, we validate that Shikonin has effective treatment effects on acute lung injury via regulation of microRNA‐140‐5p/toll‐like receptor 4 (miRNA‐140‐5p/TLR4) in the in vivo study. The results of vitro and vivo study showed that Shikonin could improve acute lung injury induced by sepsis. The mechanism might be correlation miRNA‐140‐5p expression increasing, and regulated targeted gene TLR4, with TLR4 expression depressing, the downstream myeloid differentiation protein 88 and nuclear factor κB proteins expression were suppressed. In conclusion, Shikonin improved sepsis induced lung injury by regulation miRNA‐140‐5p/TLR4.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Glasdegib in Patients With Advanced Hematologic Malignancies and Solid Tumors
Authors: Lin Swan , Shaik Naveed , Martinelli Giovanni , Wagner Andrew J. , Cortes Jorge , Ruiz‐Garcia Ana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGlasdegib is an inhibitor of the Hedgehog pathway recently approved in the United States for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted to characterize the kinetic behavior of glasdegib and its sources of variability (covariates) by utilizing data from 269 patients with cancer treated with oral glasdegib doses ranging from 5 to 640 mg/d. Nonlinear mixed‐effects modeling was conducted using NONMEM (v.7.3) and Perl‐speaks NONMEM (v.4.2.0). The estimated apparent total clearance, apparent central volume of distribution, and apparent peripheral volume of distribution were 6.27 L/h, 3.32 L, and 279.2 L, respectively. Age, sex, race, and hepatic function were not significant covariates on glasdegib pharmacokinetic parameters. Baseline body weight, percentage bone marrow blasts, creatinine clearance, and use of moderate or strong cytochrome P450 3A inhibitors were statistically significant covariates on apparent total clearance; however, the magnitude of the effects was not considered clinically meaningful.
Functionalization of silica nanoparticles to reduce membrane swelling in CO2 absorption process
Authors: Rosli Aishah , Ahmad Abdul Latif , Low Siew Chun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDMembrane gas absorption (MGA) is an attractive alternative to conventional absorption for carbon dioxide (CO2) removal, but the performance can be severely retarded due to membrane wetting issues. In order to overcome this, silica nanoparticles functionalized with low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) were added into polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane matrix to increase the membrane hydrophobicity and avoid changes in membrane morphology caused by membrane swelling.RESULTSThe incorporation of LDPE‐functionalized silica inside the membrane enhanced the contact angle and LEPw values from 73.2° to 109.1° and 5.98 bar to 9.25 bar, respectively. These increments indicate an improvement in hydrophobicity for the LDPE‐silica/PVDF composite membrane, thus, enhanced membrane anti‐wetting ability. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and swelling tests indicated that prolonged exposure to amine absorbent caused the serious degradation and swelling of the neat PVDF membrane with surface coated LDPE. By contrast, the wetting effects were insignificant for the LDPE‐silica/PVDF composite membrane, which led to a stable MGA performance using 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol as the reactive absorbent.CONCLUSIONThe ability of the composite membrane to resist wetting, swelling and chemical degradation is attributed to the restriction PVDF chain movement by its intermolecular interactions with LDPE‐functionalized silica. These improvements led to the fabrication of a hydrophobic, chemically stable composite membrane that was able to show a consistent CO2 absorption flux of 8.7 × 10−4 mol m−2 s–1 over 120 h of MGA operation. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry