bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data Prediction For Coffee Harvest Using Least Square Method
Authors: Negara Edi Surya , Keni Keni , Andryani Ria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Pagaralam is one of the highest quality coffee producing regions in Indonesia. But the problem that is often found by farmers is the lack of knowledge and predictions about the coffee harvest they will produce in the next period. The solution that can be given is developing an application to be able to analyze and predict coffee yield data for the next harvest period. This study produces a calculation using the Least Square method which can produce a prediction algorithm for coffee yields with the lowest prediction error rate with an MPE of 13.72 and the greatest accuracy using a MAPE of 0.0166 which is implemented in a Coffee Harvest Prediction Application.
Design and fabrication of seat belt-controlled hand brake system with ignition control
Authors: Saravanakumar M. , Prakash S. , Kumar Nidhin S , Gautham B V , Mathew Bijoy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Either link or bar linkage is utilized in a hand slowing mechanism to interface the different segments together. The general pattern is to utilize a link for vehicles and vans, and bars just for substantial business vehicles. We don’t change any unique frameworks that are remembered for the vehicle however we incorporate some additional segments into it. As a result of that process changes occurs in the whole safety systems in it. This progression will help the travelers just as the driver to guarantee security while beginning the vehicle from the underlying point itself. In this endeavor a rack and pinion strategy changes over the vertically dropping improvement of the seat strap catch as it is chopped down into rotating development. It is then transmitted to an apparatus joined to the base of the hand brake through a pole. The rigging is associated with a rack. The flat development of the rack is changed over to vertical development used to bolt or discharge the discharge switch of the handbrake switch. Additionally, with the assistance of press switch we can control the start on and off procedure. The LED pointers associated with this press switch will give exact situation of hand brake. Henceforth we can undoubtedly control it and start the vehicle. Rack and pinion has been in presence since the improvement of designing. It is one the most significant and basic segment utilized in building.
We are utilizing rack and pinion component to the hand stopping mechanism to bolt hand brake until the safety belt is locked in. The slowing down power is produced legitimately at each wheel by elite electrical engines and vehicle the executives, that region unit constrained by an ECU. The electronic hand brake replaces the conventional handbrake. It’s worked by a switch inside the middle reassure. The mechanical gadget hand brake gives the ensuing edges over the conventional handbrake: simple use-the hand brake is applied absolutely regardless of the quality of the main impetus. Wellbeing the electrical hand brake applies precisely once the key is off from the start.
Investigation of EDM machining parameters of different volume fraction of WC/Ni composites
Authors: Ashokkumar S , Thiagarajan C , Jose Hitheshu , Aswin Murali P , Jacob Akhil Reji 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to analyze the machining and mechanical characteristics of Tungsten carbide/Nickel (WC/Ni) composite materials which are produced through the powder metallurgy route. It also concentrates on various parameters such as Percentage of Nickel composition (%Ni) Electrode rotation (S), Pulse on time (T), Current (C) and Flushing pressure (P), Sliding Speed, Contact Load (N), Time (T)of EDM to investigate the process performance characteristics in terms of material removal rate(MRR) and surface roughness (Ra)and also wear rate. From the experimental results it can be observed that increase % of Ni in Composites (WC/Ni), compositions ((85WC-15Ni),(90WC-10Ni),(95WC-5Ni)) the surface roughness and material removal rate which increases gradually. The above condition is achieved when Pulse on time (T), Current (C) and Flushing pressure (P) maintained at constant values. In addition to that surface roughness was analyzed by using response surface methodology. Comparison of the results of un machined surface of WC/Ni composites with EDMed surface was also performed and the worn-out morphologies of WC/Ni composites were analyzed with the help of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
Experimental investigation of MRR, RA of 304 stainless steel using WEDM
Authors: Kalyanakumar S , Prabhu L , Saravanan M , Imthiyas A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The conventional EDM cannot always produce tight corners or very intricate patterns, wire EDM’s increased precision allows for intricate patterns and cuts. Additionally, wire EDM is able to cut metals as thin as 0.004”. At a certain thickness, wire EDM will simply cause the metal to evaporate, thereby eliminating potential debris. The wire is surrounded by a ring of current, the smallest and most precise cutting path possible is the added diameter of the ring and wire; technicians easily account for this added dimension. Manufacturers continue to produce thinner and thinner wires to allow for smaller kerfs and even finer precision. The most widely used austenite steel is the 304 is also known as 18/8 for its composite, Accompanying the development of materials in manufacturing the 304 steel having high hardness. Nevertheless, such materials are machining by various machine but the difficult is material removal rate relies upon the cutting speed and furthermore the great surface harshness. The impact of the different procedure parameters of WEDM like release flow, wire speed, wire pressure, dielectric stream rate, beat on schedule (TON), beat off time (TOFF) have been researched to uncover their effect on yield parameter i.e., Material Removal Rate(MRR) and Surface Roughness Steel 304 using RSM Design called a face centered Design. The optimal set of process parameters has also been predicted to maximize the MRR and Surface Finish.
Natural aggregates used for Light weight concrete – A Review
Authors: Vijayan D S , Arvindan S. , Parthiban D. , Saravanan B. , Kalpana M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lightweight concrete is comparatively lower weight than conventional concrete which helps to reduce the dead load in structure and act as an insulation against sound and heat however the strength of lightweight concrete is low compared with normal concrete, but it will be highly used for such requirement where the concrete is not expected to bear more loads. This paper provides more information about natural aggregates used for lightweight concrete furthermore it gives an insight of aggregates such as vermiculite, rice husk, volcanic cinder, saw dust, scoria, pumice and diatomite. This article also gives some of the research ideas for future approach in this area.
A Study On Strength Characters of Bacterial Concrete
Authors: Srinivasan G. , Saravanan J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Concrete is unique in all construction material because it is specificallydesigned for civil engineering purpose. It plays a critical role in the construction of the nation’s infrastructure. The cracks in concrete whether major or minor are one of the weakness of concrete. These cracks will be developed over a period of time which adversely affect its strength and durability. Hence an attempt is made here using bacteria belongs to bacillus family used to heal minor cracks in concrete. These types of bacteria were introduced externallyto improve the process of Microbiologically Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) in concrete. It (MICP) is a technique that comes under thestudy of science called bio mineralization. Bacillus subtilis, one of the soil bacterium can induce the Precipitation of calcite. The present work is to study the potential application of bacterial species bacillus subtilis in healing the minor cracks there by improving the strength of cement concrete. Here M20 grade of concrete was used for the study. The concrete mix was prepared as per IS specifications. Testing on specimens for compression was carried out after 28 days of curing using both CTM and NDT equipment’s and results are tabulated. Minor cracks less than one millimeter are induced artificially in concrete and the broth solution having bacterial culture in it are injected along the crack pattern. After healing, compressive strength was tested using NDT equipment and was found a marginal improvement in the strength criteria.
Cost Optimization in Neural Network using Whale Swarm Algorithm with Batched Gradient Descent Optimizer
Authors: Karthikeyan C , Sreedevi E , Kumar Naveen , Vamsidhar E , Rajesh Kumar T , Vijendra Babu D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Optimization algorithms are liable for sinking the losses and to give the most precise outcomes conceivable. Optimizers are utilized to modify the properties of neural network, for example, training rate and weights are used to reduce the losses. Optimization means a procedure of obtaining a global optimal solution for a given problem under given conditions. The real-world problems in the scientific fields, such as engineering design and economic planning, mostly are multimodal, high-dimensional, disconnected, and oscillated optimization problems. These complex problems cannot be solved well within reasonable time using traditional method based on gradient. Nature-inspired algorithms are becoming delightful in resolving mathematical optimization problems, like multiprocessor scheduling problem, vehicle routing and classification problems etc. In this manuscript, Whale Swarm Optimization algorithm on optimizing the neural networks, one of the meta-heuristic algorithms is applied to analysis of the cardiovascular disease dataset and compares the performance with Gradient Descent and RMSprop optimization techniques.
Intrusion Detection System Using K-Means Based on Cuckoo Search Optimization
Authors: Deepa M. , Sumitra Dr. P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecently, data protection is very important with the technological and digital revolution, as a vast amount of data is generated from different networks. It was found that the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is probably the best option because of its ability to differentiate between threats that occur inside or outside a public internet. Cluster analysis is a common method of data mining and is characterized as the grouping of similar data. One of the clustering algorithms for clustering numerical data is K-Means. The K-Means Algorithm features are simple to implement and large amounts of data can be handled efficiently. Natural optimization algorithms have recently been combined with clustering algorithms in order to reach the best global solution. Algorithm for optimization search in Cuckoo is a recent meta algorithm for heuristic optimization. The intelligent behavior of the cuckoo is based on this algorithm. Cuckoo Search Optimization (CSO) and the K-Means clustering algorithm are combined in this paper to achieve the optimal solution globally. Different data sets are evaluated and results are compared with those of the clustering algorithms based on optimization.
Identification of high grade and low grade tumors in MR Brain Image using Modified Monkey Search Algorithm
Authors: Alagarsamy Saravanan , Abitha T. , Ajitha S. , Sangeetha S. , Govindaraj Vishnuvarthanan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Detection of tumors present in the Magnetic Resonance brain image is a challenging task in the research field of medical imaging processing. The tumors with distinguished boundaries are difficult to find in the MR brain images, while performing the manual segmentation process. There is a necessity of an automated segmentation technique for performing better segmentation in terms of tumors with distinguished boundaries. The automated modified monkey search technique is used to find the optimized cluster position, and a random search operation is performed is locate all the pixels present in the image and then finally the location of the tumor region is exactly segmented/predicted by using the suggested monkey search algorithm. The suggested technique will support the radiologist for finding the tumors with distinguishing boundaries and accuracy of prediction of tumors is also improved lot with this approach. Based on the early prediction of tumors, diagnosing procedures will save the lives of many human beings.
Minimum Length Minimum Delay Scheduling Using Artificial Butterfly Optimization (ABO) Algorithm in Manet
Authors: Vijayalakshmi K , Manikandan R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recently, the requirement for various real-time applications over Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) has been increasing tremandously. Packet scheduling and routing algorithms are the important factors for improving the Quality of service (QoS) parameters over the MANETs. Still, it is not easy to proficiently aid multimedia broadcast with its stringent delay constraints over MANETs. Moreover, there are several problems in assisting QoS over MANETs owing to interference amid nodes in the network. In this paper, Minimum Length Minimum Delay Scheduling (MLMDS) using Artificial Butterfly Optimization (ABO) algorithm is proposed. A fitness function for ABO is derived in terms of the round trip scheduling delay, the conflict graph and the amount of slots in the data sub-frame. A slot selection algorithm is proposed such that the selected slot is supposed to yield lesser delay and spatial reuse. By simulation results, it has been shown that MLMDS achieves minimum delay with higher throughput.
A Canvass of 5G Network Slicing: Architecture and Security Concern
Authors: Chandini  , Jhanjhi NZ , Verma Sahil , Talib M N , Kavita  , Kaur Gagandeep 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Multi-services with different configurations are contemplated in the fifth generation abbreviated as 5G and even beyond networks. Network slicing is described as a key infrastructure that facilitates integrated service in associations with 5G networks. Network slice makes the transition to a NaaS from a network-as-infrastructure structure to support several smart 5G networks with different specifications. Via network slicing, service providers could perhaps flexibly and easily deliver their software and services to meet unique demands of a variety of services, including virtual and augmented reality, video gaming, e-health, and several others. Security is one of the main factors that must be taken into account, like all emerging innovations. The protection of 5 G network slicing is illustrated in this paper.
Integer linear programming and genetic algorithm (GA)for the optimum placement of phasor measuring units for smart grid
Authors: Nafeena R. , Ettappan M. , Monica M. , Chandrasekar K. , Rathi M. , Abdul Munaf A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For the optimal replacement of phasor measuring units (PMUs) in the presence of conventional measurements, the integrated linear programming (ILP) and genetic algorithms are proposed. In fact, the power system remains fully measurable for the lines and measuring instruments during all conceivable single contingencies. In doing so, a process of equations entirely utilizes the capability of circuit equations related to standard measurements and PMUs, and the system topology, to attain the minimum possible amount of required PMUs.
Raspberry Pi based Real Time Vehicle Accident Intimation with Alert Message and Image Capture
Authors: Vijendra Babu D , Harish Menta , Azarudeen Mohamed , Reddy Ravi Siva Kasi , Jose Kevin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The tremendous development of Technology and opportunities resulted a sophisticated lifestyle for current generation peoples. A major effect of Technology growth yields to more person’s loss of life due to Traffic Hazards and Accidents occurring on routine basis. This paper suggests an ideal solution to this issue. The prototype uses a device which help us to know whether an Accident has occurred or not when the Car met with an Accident. Whenever an Accident occurs, it intimates to concerned people & Authorities by sending message. The present situation of the person will be captured and an Image will be send through e-mail along with its current Location & Temperature transmitted by e-mail and SMS.
Energy Efficient and Interference-aware Spectrum Sensing Technique for Improving the Throughput in Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Ramchandran M , Ganesh E N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cognitive Radio network (CRN) depends on opportunistic spectrum access and spectrum sensing for improving the wireless networks’ spectrum efficiency. Since throughput maximization can result in high energy consumption, the spectrum sensing technique should address the energy-throughput trade off. The spectrum sensing time has to be determined by the considering the residual battery energies of each secondary user (SU). The Primary User (PU) interference degrades the throughput of the entire network. Hence the transmit power level should be determined considering the PU interference and SU battery energy. This paper proposes Energy Efficient and Interference-aware Spectrum Sensing (EEISS) technique for improving the throughput in CRN. In this work, the sensing time is dynamically estimated based on the battery energy levels of SUs and the transmit power is determined depending on PU signal and battery energy levels of SUs. A Game theory model is formulated to maximize the throughput based on these constraints. Experimental results show that EEISS attains improved throughput, higher probability of detection and higher residual energy.
Human Identification Using Contrast Enhanced Segmented Palm-Vein Images
Authors: Nandini K , Surendran T. , Sobana S. , Chitra B. K. , Kalaiselvi T. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents new approaches in biometrics is palm vein recognition system. By coding the alignment protective features by having a potential deformation, translational and rotational change. A palm vein authentication done by image analysis technique of vascular image of a person. Here we use four different algorithm to process the Near-Infrared Image of palm vein image. The algorithm are 1)juncture point algorithm 2)hand geometry algorithm 3) pose invariant algorithm 4) rank of the matrix. The output is kept in database as a each person as unique vascular pattern, the authentication is done by comparing Database pattern and plam vein pattern of a person to be authenticated.
A comprehensive review of various data collection approaches, features, and algorithms used for the classification of driving style
Authors: Priyadharshini G. , Femilda Josephin J. S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the transport sector problems, road safety is a prime concern in emerging nations. Applications about driving assistance are being actively studied to address road safety matters, including humanistic performance defined as one of the principal causes for problems on road safety, which confirms why driving style is currently experiencing extensive research attention. Future driving style prediction will form the basis for eco-driving and energy management strategies. From this aspect, analyzing drivers’ behavior is necessary to improve road safety. The comprehensive survey provides a summary, outline, and structure a large collection of work from various sources and proposes a comparison of the devices used, parameters studied, and classification algorithms used for analyzing driving style. The researches done on the driving style analysis uses a wide variety of devices and several parameters. This analysis shows that a diverse set of parameters that can be used to analyze the style of driving and seeks to understand the various machine learning classification methods and metrics for the classification of driving style.
Highly Secured Blockchain Based Electronic Voting System Using SHA3 and Merkle Root
Authors: Aruna S. , Maheswari M. , Saranya A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Over the course of time, electronic voting has evolved as a substitute for paper ballot voting to decrease redundancies and inconsistencies. Due to the many security and privacy vulnerabilities experienced over time, the past results of e-voting in the last three decades indicate that it has not been very successful. All cryptocurrencies are actually based on block chain. Block chain is based on the principle of distribution and decentralization. It is a continuous and continuously growing ledger that holds, in a secure, chronological and immutable way, a permanent record of all the transactions that have taken place. Value in a block chain can be anything. In the case of cryptocurrencies, it takes the meaning of money or currency. While in a game it takes the form of points or score. The value can take the form of a vote or a ballot while e-voting. The blockchain can be used in this article to pass votes between two parties. In our case, the electorate is one party and the candidate who earns the vote is the other. Without having a controlling central authority body, the block chain can be implemented in a more stable manner in mass electoral voting practise. A voting system that uses a more stable, tamper-proof block chain (immutable to voting modifications either by other voters or by any third party) and is cost-effective.
RETRACTED: A New Finger Vein Verification Method Focused On The Protection Of The Template
Authors: Zidan Khamis A , Jumaa Shereen S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper examines a collection of finger vein enhancement stages that have not only low computational complexity but also high distinguishing capacity. This proposed series of enhancement stages is based on the equalization of fuzzy histograms. A mixture of Hierarchical Centroid and Gradient Histograms was used to extract features. Both the enhancement stages were evaluated using 6 fold stratified cross validation with K Nearest Neighbor and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Experimental results show that the (KNN) algorithm is a simple, easy-to-implement supervised machine learning algorithm which can be used to solve problems of classification and regression. Calculations of KNN in the test data are highly accurate. Using stratified 6-fold analyzes on all fingers of all hands in the collected database, when selecting the right and middle fingers based on the analysis of the 106 people in the data set. Compared with SVM and related works, the algorithm proposed has optimum performance.
An Overview on Game Theory and Its Application
Authors: Norozpour Sajedeh , Safaei Mehdi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This research paper looks into Game Theory while immensely addressing the historical background of this theory. The document also gives an overview and definition of relevant terminologies related to this theory like a game, Nash equilibrium, and dominance which form the basis of the theory concept. It also focuses on mixed strategies, extensive games with both perfect and imperfect information, auction bidding, and their relevant practical application of the concept as applied in the field of economics.