bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetite Chemistry by LA-ICP-MS Records Sulfide Fractional Crystallization in Massive Nickel-Copper-Platinum Group Element Ores from the Norilsk-Talnakh Mining District (Siberia, Russia): Implications for Trace Element Partitioning into Magnetite
Authors: Duran Charley J. , Barnes Sarah-Jane , Mansur Eduardo T. , Dare Sarah A.S. , Bédard L. Paul , Sluzhenikin Sergey F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mineralogical and chemical zonations observed in massive sulfide ores from Ni-Cu-platinum group element (PGE) deposits are commonly ascribed to the fractional crystallization of monosulfide solid solution (MSS) and intermediate solid solution (ISS) from sulfide liquid. Recent studies of classic examples of zoned orebodies at Sudbury and Voisey’s Bay (Canada) demonstrated that the chemistry of magnetite crystallized from sulfide liquid was varying in response to sulfide fractional crystallization. Other classic examples of zoned Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits occur in the Norilsk-Talnakh mining district (Russia), yet magnetite in these orebodies has received little attention. In this contribution, we document the chemistry of magnetite in samples from Norilsk-Talnakh, spanning the classic range of sulfide composition, from Cu poor (MSS) to Cu rich (ISS). Based on textural features and mineral associations, four types of magnetite with distinct chemical composition are identified: (1) MSS magnetite, (2) ISS magnetite, (3) reactional magnetite (at the sulfide-silicate interface), and (4) hydrothermal magnetite (resulting from sulfide-fluid interaction). Compositional variability in lithophile and chalcophile elements records sulfide fractional crystallization across MSS and ISS magnetites and sulfide interaction with silicate minerals (reactional magnetite) and fluids (hydrothermal magnetite). Estimated partition coefficients for magnetite in sulfide systems are unlike those in silicate systems. In sulfide systems, all lithophile elements are compatible and chalcophile elements tend to be incompatible with magnetite, but in silicate systems some lithophile elements are incompatible and chalcophile elements are compatible with magnetite. Finally, comparison with magnetite data from other Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposits pinpoints that the nature of parental silicate magma, degree of sulfide evolution, cocrystallizing phases, and alteration conditions influence magnetite composition.
Beslag op levende dieren, knelpunten
Authors: Baar J.L. (Jaap) 
Published: June 2020

Beslag op levende dieren, knelpunten
De inbeslagname van een levend dier wordt beheerst door dezelfde regels die van toepassing zijn op levenloze voorwerpen. Omdat de stringente toets waaraan het beklag is onderworpen volgens de auteur in de praktijk tot onwenselijke uitkomsten leidt, betoogt hij dat met in beslag genomen dieren anders moet worden omgegaan dan met andere voorwerpen. Daartoe wordt een vergelijking gemaakt met de bestuursrechtelijke bewaring, wordt de machtiging tot vervreemding besproken en passeert de proportionaliteitstoets in het kader van beklagprocedures de revue. De auteur stelt voor de beklagrechter de mogelijkheid te geven teruggave onder voorwaarden te bewerkstelligen.
Dados abertos para o fomento da transparência e inovação: o Caso da UFRN
Authors: Júnior Gibeon Soares de Aquino , Jacob Elias , Henrique Gusttavo , Guerethes Jean , Silva Renan De Oliveira 
Published: June 2020

É notável a ascensão recente dos movimentos de dados abertos no Brasil, viabilizados principalmente pelos avanços na legislação sobre transparência e integridade no Setor Público. A adoção de dados abertos por partes de instituições públicas, alinhada com uma política de suporte e fomento ao consumo dos mesmos possibilita inúmeros benefícios para a sociedade e a própria instituição. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar como a estratégia de abertura de dados adotada pela UFRN contribuiu simultaneamente para promover a efetiva transparência na administração pública, ao mesmo tempo que fomentou um ecossistema de inovação.
Análise de Algoritmos de Classificação para Detecção de Emoções em Tweets em Português Brasileiro
Authors: Kansaon Daniel P. , Brandão Michele A. , Pinto Saulo A. de Paula 
Published: June 2020

Com o crescente acesso à Web, grande quantidade de conteúdos são produzidos diariamente. O estudo de tais conteúdos permite a descoberta de novos conhecimentos. Nesse sentido, este trabalho apresenta uma análise de algoritmos que permitem a detecção de emoções em tweets no idioma português brasileiro. Assim, são considerados dez algoritmos, desde árvores de decisão e classificadores baseados no modelo de Bayes, abordando ao todo, sete classes de emoções: triste, chateado, amor, feliz, raiva, inveja e ironia. Os resultados da avaliação experimental são melhores ao classificar relações de emoções distintas, chegando a acurácia de 85% com um algoritmo Naive Bayes. Por outro lado, relações entre sentimentos próximos apresentam resultados inferiores a 70% de acerto em alguns casos. Ademais, algoritmos de classificação baseados no Naive Bayes apresentam resultados eficientes em variados contextos, além de terem comportamento consistente independente do idioma.
Maturity Models Architecture: A large systematic mapping
Authors: Monteiro Erasmo Leite , Maciel Rita S. Pitangueira 
Published: June 2020

Maturity models are widespread in research and in particular, IT practitioner communities. However, theoretically sound, methodologically rigorous and empirically validated maturity models are quite rare. This systematic mapping paper focuses on the challenges faced during the development of maturity models. More specifically, it explores the literature on maturity models and standard guidelines to develop maturity models, the challenges identified and solutions proposed. Our systematic mapping revealed over six hundred articles on maturity models. Extant literature reveals that researchers have primarily focused on developing new maturity models pertaining to domain-specific problems and/or new enterprise technologies. We find rampant re-use of the design structure of widely adopted models such as Nolan’s Stage of Growth Model, Crosby’s Grid, and Capability Maturity Model (CMM). We also identify three dominant views of maturity models and provide guidelines for various approaches to constructing maturity models with a standard vocabulary. We finally propose using process theories and configurational approaches to address the main theoretical criticisms with regard to maturity models and conclude with some recommendations for maturity model developers.
Editorial Vol. 13, No 3
Authors: Graciano Neto Valdemar Vicente , Dos Santos Rodrigo Pereira , Freire André Pimenta 
Published: June 2020

A edição de número 3 do Volume 13 (2020) apresenta 5 (cinco) artigos, sendo três artigos submetidos para a edição especial sobre Aspectos Sociais, Humanos e Econômicos de Software, um artigo regular e um artigo de survey.
Biofilm modelling on the contact lenses and comparison of the in vitro activities of multipurpose lens solutions and antibiotics
Authors: Dosler Sibel , Hacioglu Mayram , Yilmaz Fatima Nur , Oyardi Ozlem 
Published: June 2020

During the contact lens (CL) usage, microbial adhesion and biofilm formation are crucial threats for eye health due to the development of mature biofilms on CL surfaces associated with serious eye infections such as keratitis. For CL related eye infections, multi drug resistantPseudomonas aeruginosaorStaphylococcus aureus(especially MRSA) andCandida albicansare the most common infectious bacteria and yeast, respectively. In this study, CL biofilm models were created by comparing them to reveal the differences on specific conditions. Then the anti-biofilm activities of some commercially available multipurpose CL solutions (MPSs) and antibiotic eye drops against mature biofilms ofS. aureus,P. aeruginosa, andC. albicansstandard and clinical strains were determined by the time killing curve (TKC) method at 6, 24 and 48 h. According to the biofilm formation models, the optimal biofilms occurred in a mixture of bovine serum albumin (20% v/v) and lysozyme (2 g/L) diluted in PBS at 37 °C for 24 h, without shaking. When we compared the CL types under the same conditions, the strongest biofilms according to their cell density, were formed on Pure Vision ≥ Softens 38 > Acuve 2 ∼ Softens Toric CLs. When we compared the used CLs with the new ones, a significant increase at the density of biofilms on the used CLs was observed. The most active MPS againstP. aeruginosaandS. aureusbiofilms at 24 h was Opti-Free followed by Bio-True and Renu according to the TKC analyses. In addition, the most active MPS againstC. albicanswas Renu followed by Opti-Free and Bio-True at 48 h. None of the MPSs showed 3 Log bactericidal/fungicidal activity, except for Opti-Free againstS. aureusandP. aeruginosabiofilms during 6 h contact time. Moreover, all studied antibiotic eye drops were active againstS. aureusandP. aeruginosabiofilms on CLs at 6 h and 24 h either directly or as 1/10 concentration, respectively. According to the results of the study, anti-biofilm activities of MPSs have changed depending on the chemical ingredients and contact times of MPSs, the type of infectious agent, and especially the CL type and usage time.
Multilayered Cylindrical Triboelectric Nanogenerator to Harvest Kinetic Energy of Tree Branches for Monitoring Environment Condition and Forest Fire
Authors: Pang Yaokun , Chen Shoue , An Junchi , Wang Keliang , Deng Yiming , Benard Andre , Lajnef Nizar , Cao Changyong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractForest fires present a great threat as they can rapidly grow and become large, resulting in tragic loss of life and property when occurring near occupied land. Here a self‐powered fire alarm system based on a novel multilayered cylindrical triboelectric nanogenerator (MC‐TENG) that can produce electrical power for the detection sensors by harvesting the kinetic energy of moving tree branches in a forest is presented. The major parameters for harvesting the kinetic energy using the proposed MC‐TENG are investigated, including the number of triboelectric layers, the frequency, the amplitude of external excitation, and the orientation between motion direction and device configuration. The fabricated MC‐TENG results in a peak power of 2.9 mW and a maximum average power of 1.2 mW at a low frequency of 1.25 Hz. The integrated self‐powered forest fire alarm system, consisting of fire sensors, a carbon‐based micro‐supercapacitor, and the MC‐TENG, is demonstrated to be able to report fire risk or hazard efficiently, accurately, and robustly. This study provides a new solution to reduce the forest fire risk through a portable and sustainable alarm system by effectively harvesting kinetic energies in natural environment with TENG technology.
Tubulin‐Based Nanotubes as Delivery Platform for Microtubule‐Targeting Agents
Authors: Kim Jinjoo , Lee Juncheol , Lee Jimin , Keum Hyeongseop , Kim Yumi , Kim Yujin , Yu Byeongjun , Lee Sang Yeop , Tanaka Junichi , Jon Sangyong , Choi Myung Chul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTubulin‐based nanotubes (TNTs) to deliver microtubule‐targeting agents (MTAs) for clinical oncology are reported. Three MTAs, docetaxel (DTX), laulimalide (LMD), and monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), which attach to different binding sites in a tubulin, are loaded onto TNTs and cause structural changes in them, including shape anisotropy and tubulin layering. This drug‐driven carrier transformation leads to changes in the drug‐loading efficiency and stability characteristics of the carrier. TNTs coloaded with DTX and LMD efficiently deliver dual drug cargoes to cellular tubulins by the endolysosomal pathway, and results in synergistic anticancer and antiangiogenic action of the drugs in vitro. In in vivo tests, TNTs loaded with a microtubule‐destabilizing agent MMAE suppress the growth of tumors with much higher efficacy than free MMAE did. This work suggests a new concept of using a drug's target protein as a carrier. The findings demonstrate that the TNTs developed here can be used universally as a delivery platform for many MTAs.
3D Hybrid Plasmonic Framework with Au Nanopillars Embedded in Nitride Multilayers Integrated on Si
Authors: Huang Jijie , Wang Xuejing , Li Dongfang , Jin Tiening , Lu Ping , Zhang Di , Lin Pao‐Tai , Chen Hou‐Tong , Narayan Jagdish , Zhang Xinghang , Wang Haiyan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntegration of nanoscale photonic and plasmonic components on Si substrates is a critical step toward Si‐based integrated nanophotonic devices. In this work, a set of unique complex 3D metamaterials with intercalated nanolayered and nanopillar structures with tunable plasmonic and optical properties on Si substrates is designed. More specifically, the 3D metamaterials combine metal (Au) nanopillars and alternating metal‐nitride (Au‐TiN and Au‐TaN) nanolayers, epitaxially grown on Si substrates. The ultrafine Au nanopillars (d ≈ 3 nm) continuously grow throughout all the nanolayers with high epitaxial quality. Novel optical properties, such as highly anisotropic optical property, high absorbance covering the entire visible spectrum regime, and hyperbolic property in the visible regime, are demonstrated. Furthermore, a waveguide based on a silicon nitride (Si3N4) ridge with a multilayer structure is successfully fabricated. The demonstration of 3D nanoscale metamaterial design integrated on Si opens up a new route toward tunable metamaterials nanostructure designs with versatile material selection for various optical components in Si integrated photonics.
Enantioselective Construction of Sulfur‐Containing Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters via Asymmetric Functionalizations of α‐Sulfanyl Cyclic Ketones
Authors: Ye Xueqian , Pan Yongkai , Chen Yunrong , Yang Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAsymmetric functionalizations of α‐sulfanyl cyclic ketones were realized via chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed enantioselective addition reactions with aldimines, azodicarboxylates and allenamides. A series of chiral organosulfur compounds possessing sulfur‐containing tetrasubstituted stereocenters were accessed via these methods, with excellent regioselectivities and high stereoselectivities.magnified image
Challenges and Emerging Opportunities in High‐Mobility and Low‐Energy‐Consumption Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Wang Cong , Zhang Xiaotao , Dong Huanli , Chen Xiaodong , Hu Wenping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOrganic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) are the basic elements of organic circuits towards flexible, printable, and wearable electronics. Low‐energy‐consumption OFETs with high mobility are the prerequisite for practical applications. After 30 years of development, OFETs have progressed rapidly, from field‐effect materials to devices, and from individual device to small‐ and medium‐scale integration. Here, a brief retrospective of OFETs' development over the past decades, and the emerging opportunities and challenges from device physics, multifunctional materials to integrated application are presented.
Optimizing planting density to improve nitrogen use of super high‐yield maize
Authors: Zhang Guoqiang , Shen Dongping , Xie Ruizhi , Ming Bo , Hou Peng , Xue Jun , Li Rongfa , Chen Jianglu , Wang Keru , Li Shaokun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHigh grain yield and N use efficiency are key goals of crop production. Increasing planting density and supplying adequate N application are important agronomic practices to increase maize grain yield. However, little is known about the interaction between the planting density and N application rate of high‐yield maize under mulch drip irrigation. The objectives of this study were to determine the impacts of planting density and N application rate on the grain yield, economic return, nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFPN), and nitrogen agronomic efficiency (AEN) of super high‐yield maize under mulch drip irrigation in Northwest China. To achieve this, field experiments were conducted in 2017 and 2018 in Qitai farm, Xinjiang. The experiments included four N application levels−no nitrogen (N0), and 270 (N1), 360 (N2), and 450 kg N ha−1 (N3)−and five planting densities−7.5 (D1), 9.0 (D2), 10.5 (D3), 12.0 (D4), and 13.5 plants m−2 (D5). It was found that the N2D4 treatment obtained the highest grain yield (21.5−21.6 t ha−1) and economic return (US$3,399.7−$3,440.3 ha−1) and the relative higher PFPN (59.7−60.1 kg kg−1) and AEN (23.7−25.1 kg kg−1). The PFPN and AEN declined with increasing N application and varied according to a quadratic relationship with increasing planting density. Therefore, a reasonable increase of planting density and an appropriate reduction of N application combined with integrated irrigation−fertilization technology under mulch drip irrigation cannot only obtain high maize yield and economic return but can also improve the N utilization efficiency.
Nickel Nanoparticle Catalyzed Mono‐ and Di‐Reductions of gem‐Dibromocyclopropanes Under Mild, Aqueous Micellar Conditions
Authors: Wood Alex B. , Cortes‐Clerget Margery , Kincaid Joseph R. A. , Akkachairin Bhornrawin , Singhania Vani , Gallou Fabrice , Lipshutz Bruce H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMild mono‐ and di‐hydrodehalogenative reductions of gem‐dibromocyclopropanes are described, providing an easy and green approach towards the synthesis of cyclopropanes. The methodology utilizes 0.5–5 mol % TMPhen‐nickel as the catalyst, which, when activated with a hydride source such as sodium borohydride, cleanly and selectively dehalogenates dibromocyclopropanes. Double reduction proceeds in a single operation at temperatures between 20–45 °C and at atmospheric pressure in an aqueous designer surfactant medium. At lower loading and either in the absence of ligand or in the presence of 2,2′‐bipyridine, this new technology can also be used to gain access to not only monobrominated cyclopropanes, interesting building blocks for further use in synthesis, but also mono‐ or di‐deuterated analogues. Taken together, this base‐metal‐catalyzed process provides access to cyclopropyl‐containing products and is achieved under environmentally responsible conditions.
Porphyrin/Ionic‐Liquid Co‐assembly Polymorphism Controlled by Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation
Authors: Yuan Chengqian , Yang Mengyao , Ren Xiaokang , Zou Qianli , Yan Xuehai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnderstanding and controlling multicomponent co‐assembly is of primary importance in different fields, such as materials fabrication, pharmaceutical polymorphism, and supramolecular polymerization, but these aspects have been a long‐standing challenge. Herein, we discover that liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) into ion‐cluster‐rich and ion‐cluster‐poor liquid phases is the first step prior to co‐assembly nucleation based on a model system of water‐soluble porphyrin and ionic liquids. The LLPS‐formed droplets serve as the nucleation precursors, which determine the resulting structures and properties of co‐assemblies. Co‐assembly polymorphism and tunable supramolecular phase transition behaviors can be achieved by regulating the intermolecular interactions at the LLPS stage. These findings elucidate the key role of LLPS in multicomponent co‐assembly evolution and enable it to be an effective strategy to control co‐assembly polymorphism as well as supramolecular phase transitions.
Macrocyclic Dinuclear Palladium Complex as a Novel Doubly Threaded [3]Rotaxane Scaffold and Its Application as a Rotaxane Cross‐Linker
Authors: Yamamoto Koji , Nameki Riku , Sogawa Hiromitsu , Takata Toshikazu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA dinuclear PdII complex possessing a cyclic ligand was developed as a novel doubly threaded [3]rotaxane scaffold and applied as a rotaxane cross‐linker reagent. The dinuclear complex (PdMC)2 was prepared by one‐step macrocyclization followed by the double palladation reaction. 1H NMR analysis and UV/Vis measurements revealed the formation of a doubly threaded pseudo[3]rotaxane by the complexation of (PdMC)2 with 2 equivalents of 2,6‐disubstituted pyridine 3 through double metal coordination. The treatment of (PdMC)2 with 2 equivalents of 4‐vinylpyridine (VP) afforded a doubly threaded [3]rotaxane cross‐linker (PdMC‐VP)2. Radical co‐polymerization of VP and t‐butylstyrene in the presence of (PdMC‐VP)2 afforded a stable rotaxane cross‐linked polymer (RCP). An elastic RCP was also prepared by using n‐butyl acrylate as a monomer. The obtained RCPs exhibited higher swelling ability and higher mechanical toughness compared with the corresponding covalent cross‐linked polymers.
Hierarchical Structure of NiMo Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts Determined by Ptychographic X‐Ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Ihli Johannes , Bloch Leonid , Krumeich Frank , Wakonig Klaus , Holler Mirko , Guizar‐Sicairos Manuel , Weber Thomas , da Silva Julio Cesar , van Bokhoven Jeroen Anton 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHydrodesulphurization, the removal of sulphur from crude oils, is an essential catalytic process in the petroleum industry safeguarding the production of clean hydrocarbons. Sulphur removal is critical for the functionality of downstream processes and vital to the elimination of environmental pollutants. The effectiveness of such an endeavour is among other factors determined by the structural arrangement of the heterogeneous catalyst. Namely, the accessibility of the catalytically active molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) slabs located on the surfaces of a porous alumina carrier. Here, we examined a series of pristine sulfided Mo and NiMo hydrodesulphurization catalysts of increasing metal loading prepared on commercial alumina carriers using ptychographic X‐ray computed nanotomography. Structural analysis revealed a build consisting of two interwoven support matrix elements differing in nanoporosity. With increasing metal loading, approaching that of industrial catalysts, these matrix elements exhibit a progressively dissimilar MoS2surface coverage as well as MoS2cluster formation at the matrix element boundaries. This is suggestive of metal deposition limitations and/ or catalyst activation and following prohibitive of optimal catalytic utilization. These results will allow for diffusivity calculations, a better rationale of current generation catalyst performance as well as a better distribution of the active phase in next‐generation hydrodesulphurization catalysts.