bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of commercial veterinary probiotics containing enterococci for transferrable vancomycin resistance genes
Authors: Berreta Ana , Baumgardner Rachel M. , Kopper Jamie J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) are of significant public health concern. The identification of VRE in livestock and food has increased. The objective of this study was to determine if the transferrable vancomycin resistance genes vanA and vanB were present in probiotics marketed for use in animals that claimed to contain Enterococcus spp.

Results
Of the 40 products selected, Enterococcus spp. DNA was successfully extracted from 36 products. Of these 36 products with enterococcal DNA, 2 (6%) had a PCR product consistent with vanA which was confirmed by sequencing. None of the products appeared to contain vanB.
Parenteral thiamine for prevention and treatment of delirium in critically ill adults: a systematic review protocol
Authors: McKenzie Cathrine A. , Page Valerie J. , Strain W. David , Blackwood Bronagh , Ostermann Marlies , Taylor David , Spronk Peter E. , McAuley Daniel F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Delirium is an acute confusional state, common in critical illness and associated with cognitive decline. There is no effective pharmacotherapy to prevent or treat delirium, although it is scientifically plausible that thiamine could be effective. Thiamine studies in dementia patients are inconclusive. Aside from small numbers, all used oral administration: bioavailability of thiamine is poor; parenteral thiamine bypasses this. In the UK, parenteral thiamine is administered as a compound vitamin B and C solution (Pabrinex®). The aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of parenteral thiamine (alone or in a compound solution) in preventing or treating delirium in critical illness.

Methods
We will search for studies in electronic databases (MEDLINE (Pro-Quest), EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, CNKI, AMED, and Cochrane CENTRAL), clinical trials registries (WHO International Clinical Trials Registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Controlled-trials.com), and grey literature (Google Scholar, conference proceedings, and Index to Theses). We will perform complementary searches of reference lists of included studies, relevant reviews, clinical practice guidelines, or other pertinent documents (e.g. official documents and government reports). We will consider quasi-randomised or randomised controlled trials in critically ill adults. We will include studies that evaluate parenteral thiamine versus standard of care, placebo, or any other non-pharmacological or pharmacological interventions. The primary outcomes will be the delirium core outcome set, including incidence and severity of delirium and cognition. Secondary outcomes are adapted from the ventilation core outcome set: duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, and adverse events incidence. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment will be undertaken independently by two reviewers. If data permits, we will conduct meta-analyses using a random effects model and, where appropriate, sensitivity and subgroup analyses to explore sources of heterogeneity.

Discussion
This review will provide evidence for the effectiveness of parental thiamine in the prevention or treatment of delirium in critical care. Findings will contribute to establishing the need for a multicentre study of parenteral thiamine in the prevention and treatment of critical care delirium.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42019118808
On positive solutions of a system of equations generated by Hadamard fractional operators
Authors: Abdalla Amira M. , Salem Hussein A. H. , Cichoń Kinga 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper is devoted to studying some systems of quadratic differential and integral equations with Hadamard-type fractional order integral operators. We concentrate on general growth conditions for functions generating right-hand side of considered systems, which leads to the study of Hadamard-type fractional operators on Orlicz spaces. Thus we need to prove some properties of such type of operators. In contrast to the case of Caputo or Riemann–Liouville type of fractional operators, it is not a convolution-type operator, so we need to study some of their new properties. Some more general problems than systems of quadratic integral equations are also studied, and the results are new even in the context of a single integral equation with the Hadamard fractional operator. The paper concludes with illustrative examples.
Patent ductus venosus and exercise related pulmonary hypertension: a case of a young adult with successful surgery closure
Authors: Serra Walter , Placci Angelo , Rossi Cristina , Cecchini Stefano 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The patent ductus venosus is an embryological portosystemic shunt that connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava and it can be diagnosed incidentally or in subjects suffering from hepatic encephalopathy, hypoxemia or hypoglycaemia. Sometimes it can be found in patients with cardiac defects or hypoxia caused by pulmonary arteriovenous shunting.

Case presentation
A 34-year-old male patient was referred to our medical centre for further evaluation of abdominal pain and moderate exertional dyspnoea. An exercise stress echocardiogram was performed in order to understand the mechanism of the exertional dyspnoea. The test was interrupted due to dyspnoea and desaturation and an estimated pulmonary pressure value of 65 mmHg was detected. Exercise pulmonary hypertension (PH) seems to represent the hemodynamic manifestation of early pulmonary vascular disease, acting as a possible transitional phase anticipating resting PH.
An MRI of the abdomen showed the presence of a portosystemic shunt from a patent ductus venosus, associated with stenosis of the celiac tripod artery. A CT scan, of the pulmonary circulation, showed a normal pulmonary venous return,mediastinal vessel a normal pulmonary artery. Subsequently, taking into consideration the large size (> 25 mm) of the duct, treatment (closure) of the patent ductus venosus with the help of a detachable vascular plug device was not feasible and open surgery rather than a percutaneous invasive approach would be advisable.

Conclusion
Persistent ductus venous can lead to pulmonary arteriovenous shunt fistula and exercise related pulmonary hypertension. Percutaneous or surgical closure requires detailed planning and an anatomical and physiological evaluations.
Evaluation of canine teeth crown reduction technique in macaques
Authors: Kim Su-Mi , Kim Jong-Min 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The reduction of canine teeth in adult males in whom permanent canine teeth eruption occurs should be considered due to the safety of humans or other monkeys. The objective of this study was to evaluate the complications of canine teeth reduction in macaques. Case presentation: Canine teeth reductions were performed in 8 rhesus and 2 cynomolgus macaques. Complications related to canine teeth reduction were evaluated at one to three week intervals during the experimental period by gross examination, CBC, and monitoring of appetite. One monkey showed a fistula due to periapical abscess and neutrophilia more than 2 years after canine teeth reduction, and extraction of the diseased canine tooth was performed; the other 9 monkeys showed no complications during the observation period. This report shows the effectiveness of canine teeth reduction with few complications.

Conclusion
Canine teeth reduction in male macaques is an acceptable procedure for reducing the severity of injury to humans or other monkeys.
Reduced Monocytic Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR Expression Indicates Immunosuppression in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Spinetti Thibaud , Hirzel Cedric , Fux Michaela , Walti Laura N. , Schober Patrick , Stueber Frank , Luedi Markus M. , Schefold Joerg C. 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND:
The cellular immune system is of pivotal importance with regard to the response to severe infections. Monocytes/macrophages are considered key immune cells in infections and downregulation of the surface expression of monocytic human leukocyte antigen-DR (mHLA-DR) within the major histocompatibility complex class II reflects a state of immunosuppression, also referred to as injury-associated immunosuppression. As the role of immunosuppression in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently unclear, we seek to explore the level of mHLA-DR expression in COVID-19 patients.

METHODS:
In a preliminary prospective monocentric observational study, 16 COVID-19–positive patients (75% male, median age: 68 [interquartile range 59–75]) requiring hospitalization were included. The median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II (APACHE-II) score in 9 intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute respiratory failure was 30 (interquartile range 25–32). Standardized quantitative assessment of HLA-DR on monocytes (cluster of differentiation 14+ cells) was performed using calibrated flow cytometry at baseline (ICU/hospital admission) and at days 3 and 5 after ICU admission. Baseline data were compared to hospitalized noncritically ill COVID-19 patients.

RESULTS:
While normal mHLA-DR expression was observed in all hospitalized noncritically ill patients (n = 7), 89% (8 of 9) critically ill patients with COVID-19–induced acute respiratory failure showed signs of downregulation of mHLA-DR at ICU admission. mHLA-DR expression at admission was significantly lower in critically ill patients (median, [quartiles]: 9280 antibodies/cell [6114, 16,567]) as compared to the noncritically ill patients (30,900 antibodies/cell [26,777, 52,251]), with a median difference of 21,508 antibodies/cell (95% confidence interval [CI], 14,118–42,971), P = .002. Reduced mHLA-DR expression was observed to persist until day 5 after ICU admission.

CONCLUSIONS:
When compared to noncritically ill hospitalized COVID-19 patients, ICU patients with severe COVID-19 disease showed reduced mHLA-DR expression on circulating CD14+ monocytes at ICU admission, indicating a dysfunctional immune response. This immunosuppressive (monocytic) phenotype remained unchanged over the ensuing days after ICU admission. Strategies aiming for immunomodulation in this population of critically ill patients should be guided by an immune-monitoring program in an effort to determine who might benefit best from a given immunological intervention.
Nuclear myosins – roles for molecular transporters and anchors
Authors: Cook Alexander W. , Gough Rosemarie E. , Toseland Christopher P. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The myosin family of molecular motors are well-characterised cytoskeletal proteins. However, myosins are also present in the nucleus, where they have been shown to have roles in transcription, DNA repair and viral infections. Despite their involvement in these fundamental cellular processes, our understanding of these functions and their regulation remains limited. Recently, research on nuclear myosins has been gathering pace, and this Review will evaluate the current state of the field. Here, we will focus on the variation in structure of nuclear myosins, their nuclear import and their roles within transcription, DNA damage, chromatin organisation and viral infections. We will also consider both the biochemical and biophysical properties and restraints that are placed on these multifunctional motors, and how they link to their cytoplasmic counterparts. By highlighting these properties and processes, we show just how integral nuclear myosins are for cellular survival.
Different effects of soybean isoflavone genistein on transforming growth factor levels during orthodontic tooth movement among young and old rabbits
Authors: Indriasari Verastuti , Suparwitri Sri , Christnawati Christnawati , Alhasyimi Ananto Ali 
Published: June 2020

Background: Orthodontic treatment to improve aesthetics and for health reasons is performed in children and adults. Elderly individuals have low levels of estrogen, this results in alveolar bone resorption being greater than alveolar bone apposition. Isoflavones present in soybeans may be able to improve the remodeling process through the induction of osteoblastogenesis by increasing transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) levels. This study aimed to assess the comparative effect of soybean genistein isoflavone to TGF-β1 during orthodontic tooth movement among juvenile and adult rabbits. Methods: In this study, 12 healthy female rabbits were used. Subjects were divided into four groups (n=3); YG group (young rabbits), YGI group (young rabbits + isoflavones genistein), OG group (old rabbits), and OGI group (old rabbits + isoflavones genistein). Two lower incisors of the rabbit were moved distally using an orthodontic force (50 grams force) delivered by an open coil spring, which was inserted between two brackets. During active movements, the genistein isoflavones were given from the initial installation of the device until days 21, at a dose of 1.2 mg/kg BW once a day. Measurement of TGF-β levels were performed on days 1, 7, 14, 21 after appliance installation. TGF-β1 expression was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the optical density (OD) of the sample quantifed using a standard curve. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way Anova followed by Tukey HSD test. Results: The TGF-β1 levels were found to highest in the YGI group, and the TGF-β levels were significantly lower in the OG group (p<0.05). ELISA analysis also revealed that TGF-β1 levels of the OGI group were significantly higher when compared with the OG group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The administration of soybean genistein isoflavones could improve TGF-β1 levels in old rabbit’s during active orthodontic tooth movement.
Cost of dementia and the relationship between stage of dementia and cost of care in Greece
Authors: Tsampalas Evangelos , Aravantinou-Fatorou Konstantina , Karakatsani Eleutheria , Karantali Eleni , Leontiou Lili , Anastasiou Athanasios 
Published: June 2020

Objective The current study attempts to estimate the cost of dementia in relation to the severity of the disease in Greece. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted in Tripoli, Arcadia at the neurological clinic of a secondary hospital. The study included 110 patients and their main caregivers. The total cost of dementia has been calculated as well as its allocation to private and public funding. The results were correlated with three stages of disease severity (mild–moderate–severe) with a multivariate regression model. Results The average total cost of caring for dementia is €819.89 per month: €710.60 of this is the private cost and €109.29 is the public cost. The cost is positively correlated statistically with the progress of the disease in the three stages of severity. Conclusions The cost of caring for people with dementia in the authors' research appears lower than that in developed Western societies and in relation to other developing societies. The Greek economic crisis seems to be a determining factor in this result. However, it is still a high cost, which is mainly paid by the patient and the family.
Educação permanente, não formal, como instrumento para a valorização e o reconhecimento do idoso: o modelo da Unati/UEM / Permanent education, no formal, as a tool for elderly appreciation and recognition: a model of UEM/UNATI
Authors: Maio Eliane Rose , Lolli Maria Carolina Gobbi dos Santos 
Published: June 2020

O aumento da população idosa é um fenômeno mundial. Tal situação despertou a necessidade do reconhecimento dessas pessoas. Com o intuito de valorizar e garantir a participação dos mais velhos na sociedade foram criadas as universidades abertas à terceira idade. Idealizadas pelo professor Vellas, essas instituições espalharam-se pelo mundo todo e chegaram ao Brasil na década de 1980. A Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade, da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, criada em 2009 e guiada pelos princípios da educação permanente não formal, atualmente atende 400 alunos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos de idade, ofertando 40 cursos gratuitos, divididos e organizados em seis eixos: “Arte e cultura”, “Processos e procedimentos comunicativos”, “Saúde física e mental”, “Meio físico e social”, “Direito e Cidadania” e “Humanidades”. A grande procura por essas instituições pode ser explicada pelo fato de representarem a oportunidade da participação social em atividades compatíveis com as reais capacidades dos idosos, sem que estes sintam constrangimento ou vergonha por participar delas.
Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk’te Felsefî İçerikler
Authors: TAŞDELEN Vefa 
Published: June 2020

Felsefe
dille yapılan ve dilde ortaya çıkan bir çalışmadır. Varlığı, insanı, toplumu,
ahlâk ve değeri ifade edebilme gücü, bir dilin felsefe potansiyelini de ortaya
koyar. Büyük felsefelerin üretildiği diller, varlığı ayrıntılı ve kapsayıcı bir
şekilde düşünmeye izin veren dillerdir. Felsefe ve dil arasındaki “dönüşümlü”
ve “karşılıklı” ilişki, sadece dilden düşünceye değil, düşünceden dile doğru da
yansır; en geniş anlamıyla varlığa verilen anlam, varlığı ifade etmedeki
yetenek ve beceri, dilin gelişmesi ve zenginleşmesi yönünde bir katkıdır. Dilin
potansiyeli felsefenin, felsefenin potansiyeli de dilin imkânıdır. Dil ile zihin
arasındaki yakın ilişki dikkate alındığında, Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk’ün
doğrudan kendi dönemindeki ortak akıl ve zihniyete tanıklık ettiği düşünülebilir.

Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk, Türk
kültürünün en eski ve en önemli metinlerinden biridir. Yabancılara Türkçe
öğretmek amacıyla yazılan bu eser, basit anlamıyla bir sözlük çalışması değil,
dil öğretiminin somutlaştırıcı ve örnekleyici yapısı gereği şiir, atasözü,
hikâye, folklor gibi dönemin dil ve kültür birikiminden örnekler sunan bir
“seçki” niteliğindedir. Bu anlamda
insan, Tanrı ve evren tasavvuru çerçevesinde Türkçenin felsefe potansiyelinin ilk
defa en ileri derecede sergilendiği eserlerden biridir. Bu makale, söz konusu
metindeki felsefî
içeriği ele almayı ve bu içerikten örnekler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada
kelimler, deyimler, atasözleri, şiirler, hikâyeler, örnek cümleler, felsefî içerik ve çağrışımları
açısından ele alınacaktır. Bu birikim, felsefenin bütüncül bakışını yansıtacak
şekilde: (1) varlık anlayışı, (2) bilgi anlayışı, (3) insan
anlayışı, (4) etik ve estetik değerler çerçevesinde olacaktır.
El contaminante pm10 y el impacto en la salud en la localidad de tunjuelito
Authors: Romero Villalobos Oswaldo Alberto , Sarmiento Sánchez Diana Katherine , Rodríguez Arriero Dennis Maryith 
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo de reflexión, surge de la necesidad de enmarcar el concepto calidad de vida con mejoras ambientales debido al crecimiento y auge económico en donde la capital del país afronta una alta densidad poblacional y el aumento desmedido del parque automotor, acrecentando así los niveles de emisión de contaminantes atmosféricos. Se realizó el análisis a los efectos de la contaminación urbana sobre la salud humana obteniendo datos en tiempo real de la red de monitoreo de la calidad del aire para Bogotá – Colombia (RMCAB) de la estación TUNAL (Bogotá) y se estableció la relación entre contaminación por partículas de PM10 del tráfico rodado y las enfermedades respiratorias y cardiovasculares de los habitantes de la localidad, contrastando los datos obtenidos con registros de la subdirección de Vigilancia en Salud Pública “enfermedad respiratoria aguda’’ ERA del Hospital El Tunal, logrando argumentar que la contaminación del aire por material particulado PM10 genera problemas respiratorios y cardiovasculares, que en efecto, constituye un problema de salud pública para Bogotá.
Linear algebra learning focused on plausible reasoning in engineering programs
Authors: García-Hurtado Orlando , García-Pupo Mauro Misael , Poveda-Chaves Roberto 
Published: June 2020

A methodological strategy is proposed for the teaching of Linear Algebra in engineering programs focused on plausible reasoning. These concepts were developed by [1] and [2], through the formulation and adaptation of interesting problems, whose design admitted a didactic model and a methodological procedure for the generation of conjectures through the mediation of technology and geometric visualization as key factors in the construction of the main concepts of the discipline by the students.
The difficulties in the teaching and learning of Linear Algebra have been studied since last century, in particular since the nineties. The LACSG (Linear Algebra Curriculum Study Group) in the USA is a reference point. On the other hand, Anna Sierpinska and Jean-Luc Dorier lead another group in Canada and Europe. Both groups coincide that one of the greatest problems in the teaching and learning of Linear Algebra is the formal approach of the classes that are traditionally taught. The starting point of this study is the great difficulties students experience when assimilating definitions, theorems and demonstrations, which are elusive for the future engineers.
Trust edDB
Authors: Bajaj Sumeet , Sion Radu 
Published: June 2020

TrustedDB [11] is an outsourced database prototype that allows clients to execute SQL queries with privacy and under regulatory compliance constraints without having to trust the service provider. TrustedDB achieves this by leveraging server-hosted tamper-proof trusted hardware in critical query processing stages.
TrustedDB does not limit the query expressiveness of supported queries. And, despite the cost overhead and performance limitations of trusted hardware, the costs per query are orders of magnitude lower than any (existing or) potential future software-only mechanisms. In this demo we will showcase TrustedDB in action and discuss its architecture.
Biomarcadores de hipogonadismo masculino en la infancia y la adolescencia
Authors: Rey Rodolfo A. 
Published: June 2020

Resumen
El eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-testicular es activo en la vida fetal y durante los primeros meses de la vida posnatal: la hipófisis secreta hormona luteinizante (LH) y folículo-estimulante (FSH), mientras que el testículo produce testosterona y factor insulino-símil 3 (INSL3) en las células de Leydig y hormona anti-Mülleriana (AMH) e inhibina B en las células de Sertoli. En la infancia, los niveles séricos de gonadotrofinas, testosterona y factor INSL3 disminuyen a valores prácticamente indetectables, pero los de AMH e inhibina B permanecen altos. En la pubertad, se reactivan las gonadotrofinas y la producción de testosterona e INSL3, aumenta la inhibina y disminuye la AMH, como signo de maduración de la célula de Sertoli. Sobre la base del conocimiento de la fisiología del desarrollo del eje, es posible utilizar clínicamente estos biomarcadores para interpretar la fisiopatología y diagnosticar las diferentes formas de hipogonadismo que pueden presentarse en la infancia y la adolescencia.