bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factores de riesgo de neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica en pacientes con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda causado por COVID-19
Authors: Rojas-Martínez Rigoberto , Espinosa-Almanza Carmelo José 
Published: December 2024

Introducción. La neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica (NAVM) es una complicación frecuente en los pacientes en ventilación mecánica que se asocia con un peor pronóstico y cuya frecuencia aumentó durante la pandemia por COVID-19.
Objetivo. Identificar los factores de riesgo de NAVM en pacientes con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda por COVID-19 (SDRA-C) admitidos a una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) de Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
Materiales y métodos. Estudio de casos y controles anidado. La cohorte estuvo conformada por pacientes adultos con SDRA-C en ventilación mecánica que fueron admitidos a la UCI entre mayo de 2020 y junio de 2021; los pacientes con NAVM fueron incluidos como casos y, por cada caso, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente cuatro controles de la cohorte que al momento de la aparición del caso no tuvieran NAVM. Se realizaron análisis bivariados para evaluar las diferencias entre grupos y un análisis multivariado (modelo de regresión logística condicional) para determinar la asociación entre las variables consideradas y el desarrollo de NAVM mediante el cálculo de Odds ratios (OR) (crudos y ajustados) y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95% (IC95%).
Resultados. La cohorte estuvo compuesta por 870 pacientes, de los cuales 350 fueron incluidos en la muestra final (70 casos y 280 controles). De estos, 68.28% eran hombres y la edad promedio fue 58 años (±12.5). La hipertensión arterial (40.00%) y la diabetes mellitus (20.00%) fueron las comorbilidades más frecuentes. En el análisis multivariado los siguientes factores se asociaron con el desarrollo de NAVM: sexo masculino (ORa: 2.29, IC95%: 1.2-4.3), días en ventilación mecánica invasiva (VMI) (ORa: 1.05, IC95%: 1.02-1.08) y uso de bloqueadores neuromusculares (ORa: 3.58, IC95%: 1.35-9.4).
Conclusión. El sexo masculino, los días en VMI y el uso de bloqueadores neuromusculares se comportaron como factores de riesgo de NAVM.
Comparison of left ventricular myocardial perfusion parameters according to adenosine triphosphate stress computed tomography myocardial perfusion with clinical parameters of patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Egorkina O. F. , Gaman S. A. , Soboleva G. N. , Karpov Yu. A. , Ternovoy S. K. 
Published: December 2024

Aim. To assess the relationship between left ventricular (LV) myocardial perfusion parameters according to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stress computed tomography myocardial perfusion (CTP) with clinical parameters in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).Material and methods. ATP CTP was performed in 74 patients with documented non-obstructive CAD. Myocardial perfusion was assessed using qualitative and semiquantitative methods. The volume of myocardial ischemia was assessed depending on the number of segments with perfusion defects. The study protocol included assessment of LV myocardial perfusion at rest and in stress with ATP administration at a constant rate of 0,16 mg/kg/min, for a total duration of 4-5 min. All patients underwent the following examinations: electrocardiography, Holter monitoring, echocardiography, blood tests. The results of myocardial perfusion were compared with age, sex, atherosclerosis risk factors, angina clinical picture, and the results of additional examination methods.Results. Transient LV myocardial perfusion defects were visualized in 100% of patients during ATP CTP with subendocardial location of varying severity. The transmural perfusion coefficient (TPС) was significantly reduced globally and segmentally in the stress phase in all patients (p<0,0001). ST segment depression according to Holter monitoring was associated with a greater LV ischemia volume. When dividing patients into 3 groups depending on the number of affected segments, no significant differences were found according to the intergroup analysis between the LV myocardial ischemia volume and the average values of atherosclerosis risk factors.Conclusion. LV myocardial perfusion defects were detected in 74 patients with an established non-obstructive CAD. No significant differences were found between the LV myocardial ischemia volume and the main risk factors for atherosclerosis, but there was an association between ST segment depression and LV myocardial ischemia volume, a significant decrease in global and segmental TPC with ATP stress test.
Relationship between lipid profile parameters, coagulation system and inflammation markers in patients with hypertension and multifocal atherosclerosis
Authors: Vedenskaya S. S. , Vishneva E. M. , Kuryndina A. A. , Tagiltseva N. V. , Isakova D. A. , Polyakova O. M. , Smolenskaya O. G. 
Published: December 2024

Aim. To establish the relationship between lipid profile parameters, coagulation system and inflammation markers in patients with hypertension (HTN) and multifocal atherosclerosis (MFA).Material and methods. The study included 110 patients with HTN and MFA with a median age of 59 (51,0;64,3) years. Of these, 15 patients achieved target lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <1,8 mmol/l (group 1), and 95 patients had LDL-C >1,8 mmol/l (group 2). Patients in both groups received lipid-l owering and comparable antihypertensive, antiplatelet therapy. To identify coagulation disorders, a test was performed on the T-2 Thrombodynamics Analyser System (OOO GemaCor, Moscow, Russia). All study participants were assessed for levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6.Results. Despite the lipid-l owering therapy, most patients with HTN and MFA (86,4%) did not achieve target LDL-C <1,8 mmol/l. In patients of group 2, compared to group 1, more pronounced procoagulant shifts were noted. The clot growth rate and the permanent clot growth rate were shifted to the hypercoagulation (28,6 μm/min vs 27 μm/min). Correlations between the studied parameters were also revealed. In group 1, the LDL-C level had a moderate direct correlation with the initial clot growth rate (r1=0,54, p1=0,04) and clot density (r1=0,55, p1=0,03), while in group 2, the concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL-C correlated with clot growth delay (r2=-0,22, p2=0,03 and r2=-0,21, p2=0,04, respectively).Conclusion. In patients with HTN and MFA, complex relationships between lipid parameters, coagulation parameters, and inflammatory markers are observed, especially in the group with unachieved lipid target levels. Extra efforts are needed to identify patients with HTN and MFA in clinical practice and to prescribe optimal lipid-lowering therapy. In addition to lipid parameters, correction of other disorders (hemostasis, inflammation) that may affect the prognosis is necessary.
Medication adherence in patients with heart failure: a pilot observational study in outpatient practice
Authors: Larina V. N. , Zamyatin K. A. , Gudiev Ch. G. 
Published: December 2024

Aim. To assess clinical characteristics and medication adherence in patients with heart failure (HF) with different left ventricle ejection fractions (LVEF).Material and methods. The study involved 65 outpatients aged ≥60 years with a verified diagnosis of HF. A standard physical examination, laboratory and echocardiographic studies were performed. Adherence to treatment was assessed using the National Society of Evidence-B ased Pharmacotherapy Adherence Scale. A patient was considered to have complete adherence with a score of 0, incomplete adherence — ≥1.Results. Preserved LVEF (≥50%) was present in 33 (50,8%) patients (mean age, 76,2±6,6 years). Mildly reduced and reduced LVEF (<50%) was recorded in 32 (49,2%) patients aged 69,8±7,7 years. Regardless of the LVEF, all patients (100%) had two or more chronic diseases, while 45,5% of patients with LVEF ≥50% and 53,1% of patients with LVEF <50% took six or more medications. Most patients took beta-blockers (78,8% in the group with LVEF ≥50%; 87,5% in the group with LVEF <50%), while in isolated cases — angiotensin receptor- neprilysin inhibitors (3% of patients with preserved LVEF; 6,3% — with reduced and moderately reduced LVEF). At the same time, no patient with HF took quadruple therapy. Full adherence to treatment was found in 87,5% of patients in the group with LVEF <50% and in 57,6% in the group with LVEF ≥50%, p=0,007. As the leading reason for noncomplete adherence to treatment, most patients (61,1%) indicated forgetfulness.Conclusion. Complete adherence rate in outpatients with HF with preserved EF is lower than in patients with reduced and mildly reduced EF. Regardless of LVEF, patients with HF require measures to improve medication adherence
Autopsy of a Hemodialysis Machine
Authors: Bonnet Carole , Torreggiani Massimo , Bianco Lavinia , Amiard Frédéric , Elsalhy Zeyad , Grozdanic Ajla , Grozdanic Hana , Sizov Anastasia Vladimira , Kayel Makrem , Saulnier Michaël , Vayssieres Gaëlle , Fessi Hafedh , Delorme Nicolas , Piccoli Giorgina Barbara 
Published: December 2024

Key Points

Hemodialysis machines contribute to waste production at the end of their life cycle and have a low recycling potential.We studied the composition of the components of hemodialysis machines in terms of plastics, metal, and mixed materials.There is a need to rethink the design of hemodialysis machines in a cradle-to-cradle perspective.

Background
Hemodialysis contributes significantly to health care's carbon footprint. Worldwide, approximately 100,000 dialysis machines end their life cycle each year. Our aim was to analyze the composition and potential for recyclability of two dialysis machines, from the two companies with the largest market share, which had met their end-of-use terms (10–12 years of use according to French regulations).

Methods
One 5008 CorDiax (Fresenius Medical Care AG) and one Artis/Evosys (Gambro AB) were dismantled, and each piece was analyzed in terms of weight and principal components (plastic, metal, mixed materials, and electronic components). The time needed to disassemble the machine was recorded. Samples of 15 plastic elements were further studied using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The results were compared with the data provided by the manufacturers.

Results
The dismantled hemodialysis machines weighed 125.0 kg and 141.4 kg; plastic, metal, mixed materials, and electronic components accounted for 28%, 15%, 51%, and 6% of the first machine's weight and 28%, 19%, 40%, and 13% of the second's, respectively. The time needed to manually disassemble a dialysis machine into macro elements was around 12 hours. Dismantling into single materials was evaluated as needing at least 1 workweek (35 hours). The plastic elements were mostly a mixture of resins (petroleum-based material used to manufacture plastics), which makes their recycling potential negligible.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that hemodialysis machines contribute to waste production at the end of their life cycle, with low recycling potential, and underlines the need to rethink their design in a cradle-to-cradle perspective.
Сlinical and neuroimmunological correlations in post-stroke epilepsy illustrated by analyzing serum neuron-specific enolase and vascular endothelial growth factor
Authors: Rakhimbaeva G. S. , Sobirova D. S. 
Published: December 2024

Background. Due to progress in the treatment of patients who have suffered a stroke, the prevalence of post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) has been increasing. The search for biomarkers that determine the prognosis of ischemic stroke (IS) complications and PSE development along with creating a diagnostic protocol subsequently is useful for advancing tactics of PSE therapy.Objective: to investigate the blood serum levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in PSE patients paralleled by assessing clinical and neuroimmunological correlations.Material and methods. A total of 140 patients aged 28 to 84 years with the first IS was examined. Of these, 70 patients newly developed late epileptic seizures (main group), 70 patients had IS without epileptic seizures (comparison group). The control group consisted of 30 patients without IS or epilepsy. IS severity was assessed according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), the degree of disability – according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), the level of patient’s basic functional activity – according to the Barthel Index (BI). Prediction of post-IS onset of late seizures was performed according to the SeLECT scale (SEverity of stroke, Large artery atherosclerosis, Early seizure, Cortical involvement, Territory of the middle cerebral artery). To assess severity of epilepsy, the K. Lühdorf et al. classification was used. The levels of NSE neurotrophic factor and VEGF angiogenesis factor were measured in blood serum samples from all patients by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results. A significantly increased NSE and VEGF levels were noted in main group (by 4.72- and 1.59-fold, respectively) and in comparison group (by 4.45- and 1.54-fold, respectively) compared to control group. In addition, NSE and VEGF levels in main group significantly exceeded those in comparison group (by 1.06- and 1.03-fold, respectively). Both biomarkers also tended to increase in patients with moderate and severe PSE. The level of NSE/VEGF correlation characterizing damage to the nervous tissue and angiogenesis as well as degree of severity, disability, rehabilitation potential, patients’ everyday life activity, NSE and VEGF prognostic significance in development and severity level of epilepsy in IS patients with epileptic seizures was determined.Conclusion. NSE and VEGF hyperexpression is important in predicting development or progression (worsening) of epilepsy after IS.
Induced Resonance and Forces Imparted on Buildings from Volcano Infrasound
Authors: Walsh Owen A. , Johnson Jeffrey B. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Fuego, an active volcano in Guatemala, explodes regularly and generates powerful infrasound for which amplitude regularly exceeds 10 Pa at 10 km where rural communities are located. This study focuses on infrasound recorded at the Fuego Volcano Observatory, a ∼250  m3 building located ∼8 km from the vent. Records from infrasound sensors deployed on either side of a wall facing the volcano were used to measure differential dynamic pressures of more than 50 Pa imparted to the wall facing the volcano. We calculated the building’s infrasonic response as a function of frequency for situations where interior doors were both open and closed and found a remarkably well-defined ∼7.5 Hz tone induced by acoustic oscillations when the interior door was open. The transfer functions, from a week-long period of recording and 34 explosions, show that closing internal doors diminishes infrasonic resonance and could potentially reduce window damage.
Prospects for adjuvant therapy with systemic corticosteroids for community-acquired pneumonia: from experiment to clinical practice
Authors: Rudakov Yu. V. , Salukhov V. V. , Kharitonov M. A. , Voloshin N. I. , Avdeev S. N. 
Published: December 2024

Some patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia develop fatal complications in the form of acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or septic shock despite the timely adequate antibacterial therapy and presumably due to an excessive uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response and inadequate adrenal response to infection due to the critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CRICI). Therefore, the additional use of systemic corticosteroids can significantly improve the survival of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia.Aim. To present the most current preclinical and clinical studies and meta-analyses assessing the effectiveness and safety of the use of systemic corticosteroids for communityacquired pneumonia.The results of these studies demonstrate that the most optimal regimen for the use of systemic corticosteroids in terms of risk and benefit is early (the first 3 days), low-dose (the dose equivalent of 6 mg/day dexamethasone) short-course (5 – 7 days) therapy with immediate withdrawal of the drugs. This regimen produces the best effect in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia who require ventilation (invasive or non-invasive) with PEEP ≥ 5 cm H2O or high-flow oxygen therapy with FiO2 ≥ 50% and a PaO2/FiO2 ratio less than 300 and/or vasopressor support.Conclusion. Currently, the federal clinical guidelines do not recommend the routine use of corticosteroids in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia, with the exception of patients with refractory septic shock. However, this narrative review presents evidence supporting the use of adjunctive corticosteroid therapy in adult patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia, particularly when complicated by septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, comorbid asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, provided there is no pulmonary suppuration, severe influenza or mycotic infection. Undoubtedly, this is a compelling argument in favor of revising existing domestic clinical guidelines regarding the use of systemic corticosteroids. Thus, further research is needed to identify subgroups of patients who may benefit from or potentially be harmed by corticosteroids. In addition, it is necessary to determine the optimal regimen for the use of corticosteroids in terms of specific drugs, their dose, routes of administration, frequency and duration of therapy, as well as the withdrawal.
New approaches to the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Kchachaturov M. V. , Tsareva N. A. , Avdeev S. N. 
Published: December 2024

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a polyetiological disease characterized by an increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPP) by more than 20 mm Hg at rest. Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is assigned to the first group according to the 2018 PH classification, is the most studied in terms of optimal therapy selection. This is a rare but fatal disease that occurs as a result of vascular remodeling of the distal pulmonary arteries. Currently, PAH treatments target three major metabolic cascades: prostacyclin, endothelin, and nitric oxide. The available therapies improve the symptoms and quality of life of patients with PAH, but, unfortunately, none of them directly affect the pathogenesis or allow to achieve complete control of the disease.The aim of the review was to analyze the literature and demonstrate of the most promising methods and potential targets for the treatment of PAH.Conclusion. At the moment, PAH therapy is a serious clinical problem, and therefore, it is essential to study new therapeutic targets and develop the corresponding drugs.
Efficacy of vibrotactile device Dentalvibe in the assessment of pain during local anaesthesia in pediatric dental patients in comparison to conventional techniques: A comparative clinical study
Authors: Gupta Gaurav , Gupta D K , Gupta Priyanka , Shah Parth , Chandra Neeraj , Rana Kuldeep Singh 
Published: December 2024

According to the ''gate control'' approach, pain can be minimized by activating bigger diameter nerve fibers with appropriate coldness, warmth, rubbing, pressure, or vibration.: The present study investigated the efficacy of a vibrotactile device, Dentalvibe (DV), for needle-related procedural pain in comparison to conventional techniques (CCLAD, needle, topical jelly, vibraject, and Nitrous oxide inhalation sedation) of local anaesthesia in paediatric patients. 150 children aged 8 -12 years participated in a randomized controlled clinical study and divided into 6 test groups. Pain perception and comfort were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the 10-point scale, respectively. The pain perception was compared between the groups, and results were calculated based on the mean outcome. The results showed a significant reduction in pain with dental vibe compared to other techniques, whereas similar results were shown by nitrous oxide inhalation sedation (NIOS) and dental vibe. Our study shows that the vibration technique with the DentalVibe device can be used as a simple and efficient method to alleviate pain associated with dental injections compared to traditional local anaesthetic techniques.
Comparison between QR678 neo and platelet rich plasma for hair growth -A retrospective study
Authors: Nazar Jincy , Singhai Surabhi 
Published: December 2024

: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common cause of hair loss, affecting self-esteem and quality of life. While platelet-rich plasma has been a standard treatment, it yields inconsistent results due to patient variability. QR678 Neo, a biomimetic peptide-based treatment, offers a standardized alternative.This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety profiles of QR678 Neo and platelet-rich plasma in treating androgenetic alopecia. Objectives included evaluating improvements in hair density, hair quality, patient satisfaction, and reduction in hair fall.: This retrospective study compared the efficacy of QR678 Neo and platelet-rich plasma in 70 AGA patients. The study evaluated hair density, quality, and patient satisfaction over 6 months.: QR678 Neo showed a 30% improvement in hair density versus 18% with platelet-rich plasma (p&#60;0.01). Patients treated with QR678 Neo reported superior satisfaction (VAS score 9.2 vs. 7.8).: QR678 Neo outperformed PRP in all evaluated parameters, offering a consistent and effective alternative for Androgenetic alopecia treatment.