bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Sentence Building in Writing Ability Among Students in Indonesia
Authors: Famularsih Sari , Helmy Muhammad Irfan 
Published: December 2020

This research focuses on a comparative study of sentence building between the better students (more knowledgeable) and the novice students (less knowledgeable) in writing 1 class. It belongs to qualitative research involving two respondents of the better and the novice students. Three questions emerge in this research related to the dominant sentence types between the better and the novice students, the challenges and strategies in writing. Those questions are (1) What types of sentences dominate the building of the sentence of novice and better students? (2) What are the challenges in writing between novice and better students?, and (3) What are the students’ strategies in writing?. In order to answer those three research questions, I run two methods of data collection. The first one is email observation, which tries to find an answer to the dominant sentence types of the better and the novice students. The second method is a face-to-face interview to get more in-depth insight and understanding of the challenges and strategies in writing. As a result, the better student surprisingly dominates her paragraph writing assignments with complex sentences that show her advanced writing skills as the effect of her writing practice. Meanwhile, the novice one mostly occupies simple sentences to avoid errors because she has an inadequate practice that exposes her fear. In terms of challenges, this study finds five items, including the complex process of writing, anxiety, and panic, time constraints, grammar, and vocabulary. In the case of writing strategies, the finding reveals four items, such as short writing, frequent writing, dictionary usage, and reading practice.
MENAKAR SIFAT INVASIF SPESIES AKASIA MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd.) DI HUTAN PENELITIAN DAN PENDIDIKAN BUKIT SOEHARTO
Authors: Sutedjo Sutedjo , Warsudi Warsudi 
Published: December 2020

Akasia mangium (Acacia mangium Willd) bukan tumbuhan asli Kalimantan namun sejak puluhan tahun tumbuh berkembang pesat di berbagai wilayah Kalimantan termasuk Kalimantan Timur. Dikenal sebagai tumbuhan yang mampu tumbuh di lahan kritis sehingga pada awal tahun 1990-an dijadikan tanaman reboisasi sekaligus pengendali alang-alang di wilayah kritis hutan penelitian dan pendidikan Universitas Mulawarman di Bukit Soeharto. Mengherankan, bahwa beberapa tahun taerkhir sebagian praktisi kehutanan dan reklamasi pascatambang merasa gamang menggunakan A. mangium, khawatir jika jenis tersebut akan benar benar menjadi spesies invasif. Gejala untuk menolak bahkan menghindari A. mangium sebagai komoditas kehutanan terutama sebagai jenis pengendali lahan kritis mulai meluas. Untuk mengetahui seberapa benar anggapan Acacia mangium sebagai jenis invasif maka dilakukan evaluasi dengan melakukan analisis vegetasi terhadap 3 ha tegakan hutan A. mangium yang ditanam di Bukit Soeharto sebagai uji petik yang saat sekarang telah berumur sekitar 25 tahun. Hasil evaluasi membuktikan bahwa jumlah tanaman per ha (kerapatan) pohon A. mangium menurun (kurang dari jumlah saat ditanam atau sekitar 800 individu/ha). Jumlah yang menurun itupun cenderung mengelompok. Sebagian pohon bahkan ditemukan dalam kondisi mati generasi (standing dead trees). Sementara itu jumlah spesies pohon setempat (local trees species) juga mulai muncul di antara tegakan A.mangium. Dengan demikian terbukti bahwa A. mngium bukanlah tipe invasif yang sesungguhnya dan tidak ada alasan utuk menolak penggunaannya sebagai tanaman pengendali lahan kritis selama potensi ancaman terjadinya kebakaran lahan hutan dapat dicegah.
ANALISIS TINGKAT BAHAYA EROSI PADA KAWASAN REKLAMASI TAMBANG BATU BARA PT JEMBAYAN MUARABARA KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Sarminah Sri , Kristianto Dian , Syafrudin Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

Penambangan batubara yang menggunakan teknik penambangan secara terbuka seperti yang dilakukan oleh PT Jembayan Muarabara Kalimantan Timur memiliki banyak dampak negatif, yaitu berubahnya kondisi suatu lingkungan dengan penurunan produktivitas tanah, pemadatan tanah, terjadinya erosi dan sedimentasi, serta terjadinya gerakan tanah atau longsoran. Untuk menanggulangi dampak yang ditimbulkan dari model penambangan terbuka ini dilakukan kegiatan reklamasi dan rehabilitasi lahan bekas tambang untuk memperbaiki kondisi areal yang terbuka tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Tingkat Bahaya Erosi (TBE) pada areal reklamasi pertambangan batubara PT Jembayan Muarabara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di tiga areal reklamasi yaitu areal Disposal, areal Stock Soil dan areal Revegetasi PT Jembayan Muarabara Kutai Kartanegara Kalimantan Timur. Penelitian laju erosi menggunakan metode tongkat (stick) meliputi beberapa tahapan yaitu pembuatan plot ukur erosi (PUE) berukuran 20 m × 20 m sebanyak 3 buah yaitu PUE Stock Soil, PUE Disposal dan PUE Revegetasi. Pada setiap PUE tersebut dibuat sub PUE berukuran 5 m × 5 m dan pada setiap ujung sub PUE dipasang tongkat erosi berbahan stainless, dan pengambilan sampel tanah untuk sifat fisik tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju erosi potensial tertinggi terjadi di areal disposal aktif yaitu sebesar 2822,40 ton/ha/thn, kemudian di areal Stock soil sebesar 884,40 ton/ha/thn, sedangkan laju erosi terendah yaitu 499,12 ton/ha/thn terdapat di areal Revegetasi dan termasuk Tingkat Bahaya Erosi sangat berat.
Acute Appendicitis Associated With Typhoid Fever: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors:   Non-Communicable Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran., Mehrabani Sanaz 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Appendicitis could be a rare complication of Salmonella Typhi infection. Case Presentation: we present a 13-year-old girl with typhoid fever with histology-proven acute appendicitis as a rare complication of Salmonella Typhi infection. The patient was admitted to the hospital with the chief complaints of fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting for more than one week. A brief review of relevant literature was also performed to explore more this rare cause of a common emergency surgical procedure. Conclusions: In all cases with typhoid fever with persistent diarrhea and vomiting, localized abdominal pain, probable acute appendicitis should be considered as an important complication.
A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety of Ofatumumab Therapy in Children With Difficult-to-treat Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran., Ravanshad Yalda , Golsorkhi Mohadeseh ,   Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Ravanshad Sahar ,   Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Esmaeeli Mohammad ,   Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Osmani Batoul ,   Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Azarfar Anoush ,   Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Mostafavian Zahra ,   Department of Community Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran., Khazaee Mahmood ,   Department of Pediatric, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran., Mehrad-Majd Hassan ,   Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Context: Different studies have been done so far on drug safety and efficacy in children with refractory nephrotic syndrome (NS). Ofatumumab might be an effective drug for this syndrome; however, the long-term effects and cost-effectiveness of ofatumumab treatment have not been comprehensively assessed. Objectives: This study aims to perform a systematic review of the efficacy and safety of ofatumumab in children with difficult-to-treat NS. Study Selection: An electronic literature search was conducted to identify appropriate studies. The search key terms were as follows: (“nephrotic syndrome” OR “minimal change disease” OR “focal segmental glomerulosclerosis” OR “membranous”) AND (“Ofatumumab” or “CD20” or “Arzerra” or “HuMax-CD20”). Data Extraction: Data were extracted from the articles according to the selection criteria by two independent reviewers. Results: A total of 83 potentially relevant articles were identified. Thirty-two articles were removed due to duplication. Then 26 more articles were excluded because they were book sections and review papers and therefore not relevant. Another 14 items were removed after reviewing the full text of selected papers because the topics did not fit our study subject. Finally, 11 studies were selected in our systematic review. The benchmark considered to assess the efficacy of ofatumumab in children with nephrotic syndrome in most of the studies was a complete remission rate. Conclusions: In conclusion, our systematic review showed that ofatumumab may be an effective drug in refractory NS treatment in children and could bring down the use of steroids and immunosuppressants. However, further large randomized trials are suggested.
Physical Activity and Exercise Recommendations for Children in Persian Medicine: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Tabarrai Malihe , Motaharifard Monireh Sadat ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shirbeigi Laila ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Alipour Reihane ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Paknejad Maryam Sadat ,   Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Context: Persian Medicine (PM) scientists such as Avicenna (980‑1037 AD) believed that maintaining health without exercise is impossible. So they have written about special rules and various techniques for the exercise of different groups of people including children. This study aimed to express the PM views about the exercise in children. Evidence Acquisition: Among the most important references of PM in children’s subjects, six books from different centuries were selected. Relevant keywords were used to extract related data. Also, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases were searched up to July 2019 to find common views on physical activity and exercise in children. The extracted materials were thoroughly studied to summarize and categorize to find the main themes. Results: According to PM, exercise is a broad concept, including massage of the upper and lower limbs from the first hours of life, physical activity like crying for feeding and playing, passive movements such as cradle shaking and swinging, and proper and frequent experience of mental states and five senses such as winning/losing, enjoying, listening to music and looking at fine writings. The intensity of exercise varies in different children. Vigorous exercise in children changes the body composition, results in weakness, or impairs the growth and development. So, according to Avicenna, exercise must be planned individually. Conclusions: It seems that the principles of PM can help design available, different, enjoyable, and user-friendly exercises for children of all ages.
The Outcome of Treatment of Femural Head Fracture: A Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Yeganeh Ali , Farahini Hossein ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hajializade Mikaiel ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abdollahi Kordkandi Shadi ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amiri Reza ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mahmoudi Mani ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mahdavi Seyed Mani ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Moghtadaei Mehdi ,   Department of Orthopedics, Rasul-e Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Background: There is no concrete information about many aspects of femoral fracture, including its best management. We hypothesized that reporting the outcomes of patients managed with the same therapeutic algorithm would help the selection of best management strategies. Objectives: In this study, we report the outcomes and complications of femoral head fracture in patients treated according to our therapeutic algorithm. Methods: In a retrospective review of a prospectively collected orthopedic database, 41 patients with femoral head fractures were evaluated. Fractures were classified by the Pipkin classification system. The clinical outcome was assessed with the Harris Hip Score (HHS). In brief, our therapeutic algorithm included conservative treatment for the congruous joint of Pipkin type I and II, total hip arthroplasty for unfixable fractures of Pipkin type III, and IV, and fixation via three approaches otherwise (Smith-Peterson, Kocher, or surgical dislocation). Results: Of 41 cases, 34 cases (82.9%) had uncomplicated outcomes. The number of associated injuries was significantly more in patients with complicated outcomes (P=0.049). Avascular necrosis was the most common complication (n=5, 12.2%). Their Mean±SD HHS was 85.1±109. Accordingly, HHS scoring had poor, fair, good and excellent results in 4 (9.8%), 6 (14.6%), 13 (31.7%), and 17 (41.5%) patients, respectively. The mean HHS score was significantly lower in patients with complicated outcomes (P=0.007). The mean HHS score was not associated with types of fracture (P=0.071). Conclusion: The outcome of femoral head treatment was good to excellent in the majority of patients. However, patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty or had associated injuries are at higher risk of an inferior outcome.
Lever Test: Role of Its Assistance in Diagnosis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors:   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, India., Valsalam Pramod , Sha I Ibad ,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, India., Edwin Ajin ,   Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala University of Health Sciences, Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Published: December 2020

Background: The diagnosis of ACL tear is aided by clinical tests and imaging evaluation with MRI. The main clinical tests include Lachman, Anterior Drawer and Pivot shift test. A newer clinical test called lever test was proposed recently with higher sensitivity compared to traditional tests. Objectives: To investigate the sensitivity, specificity and other statistical parameters of newly proposed lever test for ACL injury along with other established tests, Lachman test, Anterior Drawer test and Pivot Shift test. Methods: 242 patients consecutive patients with a complaint of knee pain were included in the study over a period of 4 years between ages of 18 to 50 years. They were evaluated with clinical tests Lever test, Lachman test, Anterior Drawer test and Pivot Shift test without anaesthesia and under anaesthesia. Results of diagnostic arthroscopy was taken as gold standard. Results: A total of 242 consecutive subjects were eligible during the study period, of which 182 were males while the remaining 60 were females. Compared to gold standard, without anaesthesia the lever test had a sensitivity of 85.57%, specificity of 25.00%, PPV of 82.18%, NPV of 30.00%, and accuracy of 73.55%. Similarly regarding other tests the sensitivity and specificity without anaesthesia were, Lachman test sensitivity of 93.81%, specificity of 20.83%, PPV of 82.73%, NPV of 45.45%, and accuracy of 79.34%, Anterior Drawer test sensitivity of 80.41%, specificity of 33.33%, PPV of 82.98%, NPV of 29.63%, and accuracy of 71.07%, Pivot Shift test sensitivity of 40.21%, specificity of 91.67%, PPV of 80.17%, NPV of 95.12%, and accuracy of 50.41%. The results under anaesthesia compared to arthroscopy findings were Lever Test Lachman Anterior Drawer Pivot Shift Accuracy, % 77.69, 79.34, 71.90, 80.99 Sensitivity, % 91.75, 98.97, 93.81, 98.97, Specificity, % 20.83, 36.33, 20.83, 58.33 PPV, % 82.41, 81.36, 58.33, 87.95 NPV, % 38.46, 66.67, 39, 36.84. Conclusion: The lever test needs to be studied extensively considering multiple variables like correlation with BMI, position of wrist, partial injuries and also interobserver variations before it gets standardized into routine examination.
The Effect of TheraBand Training on the Q Angle and Distance of Ankle Medial Malleolus in Individuals With Genu Valgum Deformity
Authors:   Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran., Bahadori Shiva , Fatahi Hooman ,   Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Brank, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran., Ahmadpoor Mansooreh ,   Department of Sports Injury and Corrective Exercises, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Brank, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Purpose: Genu valgum deformity a common lower extremity deformity. The weakness of the lower limb muscles followed by the internal rotation of the femur and external rotation of the tibia, shift the gravitational pull to the outside of the knee. This lower limb alignment deformity could increase the distance of ankle medial malleolus and the Q angle. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of TheraBand training on the Q angle and distance of ankle medial malleolus in individuals with genu valgum deformity. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test and control group design. The study population consisted of girls in the age range of 9-13 years with genu valgum deformity. The study subjects were randomly divided into the experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group participated in TheraBand exercises for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. However, the control group received no training during this period. Before and after 8 weeks, the Q angle and distance of ankle medial malleolus were measured by goniometers and coulis, respectively. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the collected data in SPSS. The significance level was considered at 0.05. Results: The obtained statistical results suggested that TheraBand training significantly decreased the Q angle and the distance of ankle medial malleolus in the explored subjects with genu valgum deformity (P=0.001 & P=0.04, respectively). However, no significant difference was observed in the control group. Conclusion: The obtained data revealed that TheraBand training could improve the genu valgum position. Therefore, this training protocol could be implemented to improve the deformity in this population.
Videojuegos y su Impacto en la Salud Mental: Estudio Experimental Sobre Exposición a Videojuegos Violentos en Estudiantes Universitarios
Authors: Padilla Rolando Manuel Reyes , Morales Felipe Del Ángel Padrón , Luévano Juan Eduardo Soto , Mercado Carlos Argelio Arévalo 
Published: December 2020

Los videojuegos representan uno de los mayores fenómenos contemporáneos. Se reporta que hasta un 85% de ellos incluye alguna forma de violencia, generando una preocupación sobre el impacto negativo que pudiera llegar a tener. Esto ha dado lugar a gran número de investigaciones sobre su posible impacto, sin observarse un consenso sobre el tema. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo medir el impacto de la exposición a videojuegos violentos como uno de los factores que pueden aumentar la agresividad de las personas, mencionado por el “Catalyst Model”. Mediante la realización de un experimento controlado, los resultados sugieren que los videojuegos no fueron un factor de aumento de la agresividad. Se detectaron dos casos anómalos. En el primero, el videojuego no violento tuvo un efecto calmante a actitudes hostiles y en el otro el videojuego violento, fungió como un incrementador de actitudes agresivas.
Video games represent one of the greatest contemporary phenomena. It is reported that up to 85% of them include some form of violence, generating a concern about the negative impact that could have. This has led to a large number of research on its possible impact, without observing a consensus on the subject. The objective of this research was to measure the impact of exposure to violent video games as one of the factors that can increase the aggression of people, mentioned by the "Catalyst Model". By conducting a controlled experiment, the results suggest that video games were not a factor in increasing aggressiveness. Two anomalous cases were detected. On the first case, nonviolent videogames worked as a calming effect to hostile attitudes. On the other, they worked in a contrary way with violent videogames, acting as a catalyst of the participant's aggressive attitudes.