bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 pandemic: Challenges and solutions from the cardiology pharmacist's perspective
Authors: Pickworth Kerry K. , Blais Danielle , Bagnola Aaron , Barcelona Robert , Boyd J Michael , Brink Heidi , Chilbert Maya , Galipeau Daniel , Gengler Brooke , Gerlach Anthony T. , Hayes Charles , Jacobs Joshua , Kazmi Hasan , Lavelle Rachel , Lindsley John , Macaulay Tracy E. , Militello Michael A , Orzel Libby , Patel Sajni , Simone Pamela , Tasca Kristen , Varnado Sara , Zoubek Sara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) challenges pharmacists worldwide. Alongside other specialized pharmacists, we re‐evaluated daily processes and therapies used to treat COVID‐19 patients within our institutions from a cardiovascular perspective and share what we have learned.To develop a collaborative approach for cardiology issues and concerns in the care of confirmed or suspected COVID‐19 patients by drawing on the experiences of cardiology pharmacists across the country.On March 26, 2020, a conference call was convened composed of 24 cardiology residency‐trained pharmacists (23 actively practicing in cardiology and 1 in critical care) from 16 institutions across the United States to discuss cardiology issues each have encountered with COVID‐19 patients. Discussion centered around providing optimal pharmaceutical care while limiting staff exposure.The collaborative of pharmacists found for the ST‐elevation myocardial infarction patient, many institutions were diverting COVID‐19 rule‐out patients to their Emergency Department (ED). Thrombolytics are an alternative to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) allowing for timely treatment of patients and decreased staff exposure. An emergency response grab and go kit includes initial drugs and airway equipment so the patient can be treated and the cart can be left outside the room. Cardiology pharmacists have developed policies and procedures to address monitoring of QT prolonging medications, the use of inhaled prostacyclins, and national drug shortages. Technology has allowed us to practice social distancing, while staying in close contact with our teams, patients, and colleagues and continuing to teach. Residents are engaged in unique decision‐making processes with their preceptors and assist as pharmacist extenders.Cardiology pharmacists are in a unique position to work with other pharmacists and health care professionals to implement safe and effective practice changes during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Ongoing monitoring and adjustments are necessary in rapidly changing times.
Microfocusing sapphire capillary needle for laser surgery and therapy: Fabrication and characterization
Authors: Dolganova Irina N. , Shikunova Irina A. , Zotov Arsen K. , Shchedrina Marina A. , Reshetov Igor V. , Zaytsev Kirill I. , Tuchin Valery V. , Kurlov Vladimir N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA sapphire shaped capillary needle designed for collimating and focusing of laser radiation was proposed and fabricated by the edge‐defined film‐fed growth technique. It features an as‐grown surface quality, high transparency for visible and near‐infrared radiation, high thermal and chemical resistance and the complex shape of the tip, which protects silica fibers. The needle's geometrical parameters can be adjusted for use in various situations, such as type of tissue, modality of therapy and treatment protocol. The focusing effect was demonstrated numerically and observed experimentally during coagulation of the ex vivo porcine liver samples. This needle in combination with 0.22NA optical fiber allows intensive and uniform coagulation of 150 mm3 volume interstitially and 30 mm3 superficially by laser exposure with 280 J without tissue carbonization and fiber damaging along with delicate treatment of small areas. The demonstrated results reveal the perspectives of the proposed sapphire microfocusing needle for laser surgery and therapy.
Inorganic‐polymerization crosslinked tissue‐siloxane hybrid as potential biomaterial for bioprosthetic heart valves
Authors: Yang Fan , He Haiyang , Xu Liangpeng , Jin Linhe , Guo Gaoyang , Wang Yunbing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBioprosthetic heart valve (BHV) replacement is increasingly used for treating valve‐related diseases worldwide but the current commercially used BHVs treated with glutaraldehyde (Glut) often failed within 12–15 years due to degradation, thrombosis, inferior biocompatibility, and calcification. Herein, 3‐glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) was used to crosslink porcine pericardium (PP) at the concentration (vol/vol) of 0.25%, 1%, 2%, and 4% and their performance for potential application in BHVs was evaluated. The crosslinking mechanism mainly involved the ring‐opening of epoxide by amine attack and silanol poly‐condensation. The stability of collagen in higher concentration (1%, 2%, and 4%) GPTMS crosslinked PPs (GPTMS‐PPs) was clearly increased. GPTMS‐PPs showed no cytotoxicity and supported the growth of endothelial cells while Glut‐PP did not. GPTMS‐PPs were less prothrombotic than Glut‐PP. GPTMS‐PP crosslinked at 1% concentration showed comparable mechanical properties to Glut‐PP while had better anti‐tearing performance. The subcutaneous implantation in rat for 30 days showed that GPTMS crosslinking was able to effectively inhibit the calcification of BHV.
Advances and trends of hydrogel therapy platform in localized tumor treatment: A review
Authors: Tan Bowen , Huang Lingxiao , Wu Yongzhi , Liao Jinfeng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDue to limitations of treatment and the stubbornness of infiltrative tumor cells, the outcome of conventional antitumor treatment is often compromised by a variety of factors, including severe side effects, unexpected recurrence, and massive tissue loss during the treatment. Hydrogel‐based therapy is becoming a promising option of cancer treatment, because of its controllability, biocompatibility, high drug loading, prolonged drug release, and specific stimuli‐sensitivity. Hydrogel‐based therapy has good malleability and can reach some areas that cannot be easily touched by surgeons. Furthermore, hydrogel can be used not only as a carrier for tumor treatment agents, but also as a scaffold for tissue repair. In this review, we presented the latest researches in hydrogel applications of localized tumor therapy and highlighted the recent progress of hydrogel‐based therapy in preventing postoperative tumor recurrence and improving tissue repair, thus proposing a new trend of hydrogel‐based technology in localized tumor therapy. And this review aims to provide a novel reference and inspire thoughts for a more accurate and individualized cancer treatment.
Diagnostic value of peripheral hematologic markers for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): A multicenter, cross‐sectional study
Authors: Peng Junnan , Qi Di , Yuan Guodan , Deng Xinyu , Mei Ying , Feng Longhua , Wang Daoxin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the diagnostic value of hematologic markers for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and explore their relationship with disease severity.MethodsSubjects included 190 COVID‐19 patients, 190 healthy subjects, and 105 influenza pneumonia (IP) patients. COVID‐19 patients were divided into the ARDS and non‐ARDS groups. Routine blood examination, biochemistry indicator, days in hospital, body temperature, pneumonia severity index (PSI), CURB‐65, and MuLBSTA were recorded. Correlations between variables were assessed using Spearman's correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to study the accuracy of the various diagnostic tests.ResultsCompared with healthy subjects, COVID‐19 patients had lower white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, platelet, and hemoglobin levels; higher percentages of neutrophils and monocytes; lower percentages of lymphocytes and higher neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) values (P < .05). COVID‐19 patients had higher WBC and neutrophil levels and lower percentages of lymphocytes compared to IP (P < .05). ROC curve analysis revealed that MLR had a high diagnostic value in differentiating COVID‐19 patients from healthy subjects, but not from IP patients. NLR showed significant positive correlations with PSI, CURB‐65, and MuLBSTA. Lymphocyte count was lower in the ARDS group and yielded a higher diagnostic value than the other variables.ConclusionsMonocyte‐to‐lymphocyte ratio showed an acceptable efficiency to separate COVID‐19 patients from healthy subjects, but failed to rule out IP patients. NLR may be a reliable marker to evaluate the disease severity of COVID‐19. Lymphocyte count may be useful to establish the early diagnosis of ARDS in the COVID‐19 patients.
A novel homozygous variant in an Iranian pedigree with cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome type 4
Authors: Mohamadian Malihe , Ghandil Pegah , Naseri Mohsen , Bahrami Afsane , Momen Ali Akbar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium (CAMRQ) syndrome is a rare and early‐onset neurodevelopmental disorder. Four subtypes of this syndrome have been identified, which are clinically and genetically different. To date, altogether 32 patients have been described with ATP8A2 mutations and phenotypic features assigned to CAMRQ type 4. Herein, three additional patients in an Iranian consanguineous family with non‐progressive cerebellar ataxia, severe hypotonia, intellectual disability, dysarthria, and cerebellar atrophy have been identified.MethodsFollowing the thorough clinical examination, consecutive detections including chromosome karyotyping, chromosomal microarray analysis, and whole exome sequencing (WES) were performed on the proband. The sequence variants derived from WES interpreted by a standard bioinformatics pipeline. Pathogenicity assessment of candidate variant was done by in silico analysis. The familial cosegregation of the WES finding was carried out by PCR‐based Sanger sequencing.ResultsA novel homozygous missense variant (c.1339G > A, p.Gly447Arg) in the ATP8A2 gene was identified and completely segregated with the phenotype in the family. In silico analysis and structural modeling revealed that the p.G477R substitution is deleterious and induced undesired effects on the protein stability and residue distribution in the ligand‐binding pocket. The novel sequence variant occurred within an extremely conserved subregion of the ATP‐binding domain.ConclusionOur findings expand the spectrum of ATP8A2 mutations and confirm the reported genotype‐phenotype correlation. These results could improve genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in families with clinical presentations related to CAMRQ4 syndrome.
Preference for Human (vs. Robotic) Labor is Stronger in Symbolic Consumption Contexts
Authors: Granulo Armin , Fuchs Christoph , Puntoni Stefano 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAdvances in robotics, automation, and artificial intelligence increasingly enable firms to replace human labor with technology, thereby fundamentally transforming how goods and services are produced. From both managerial and societal points of view, it is therefore important to understand demand‐side incentives for firms to employ human labor. We begin to address this question by examining for which products and services consumers are more likely to favor human (vs. robotic) labor. In six studies, we demonstrate that consumers prefer human (vs. robotic) labor more for products with higher (vs. lower) symbolic value (e.g., when expressing something about one's beliefs and personality is of greater importance). We theorize that this is because consumers have stronger uniqueness motives in more (vs. less) symbolic consumption contexts (and associate human labor more strongly with product uniqueness). In line with this account, we demonstrate that individual differences in need for uniqueness moderate the interaction between production mode and symbolic motives and that a measure of uniqueness motives mediates the effect of consumption context on preferences for human (vs. robotic) production.
Bedside percutaneous ultrasound gastrostomy tube placement by critical care physicians
Authors: Olivieri Peter P. , Abdulmahdi Mustafa , Heavner Jason J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCritically ill patients often require gastrostomy tubes. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy has become the most common method of placement but is not widely performed by critical care physicians, in part due to their lack of familiarity and training in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Percutaneous ultrasound gastrostomy (PUG) is a novel procedure for gastrostomy tube placement that utilizes ultrasound‐based methods already familiar to critical care physicians. This technical note describes bedside PUG in the first five intensive care unit patients. All patients received timely gastrostomy placement, without complication, and were able to quickly achieve goal enteral nutrition.
Measurement of erosion depth using microcomputed tomography and light microscopy
Authors: Roque‐Torres Gina Delia , Kwon So Ran , Oyoyo Udochukwu , Li Yiming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTooth‐erosion is the surface loss of dental hard tissue mostly associated with an acid attack. The aim was to compare dentin and enamel erosion depth measurements using micro‐computed tomography (microCT) and light microscopy (LM). Enamel/dentin blocks were prepared from caries‐free human molar‐teeth (N = 12). Teeth were sectioned to a rectangular shape of 4 × 4 × 6 mm. Specimens were treated with water (NC) or 1.0% citric‐acid solution (PC). After treatment, specimens were scanned with micro‐computed tomography. On completion, specimens were sectioned and observed under a light‐microscope. Lesion depth was observed with 10× magnification and images transferred to Simpleware software. Vertical distance from lesion surface to bottom was measured. Pearson correlation test was used to evaluate correlation and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test to evaluate differences in the two‐analysis methods. Mean enamel erosion depth was 0.63 and 38.38 μm (microCT) and 0.54 and 39.43 μm (LM) for NC and PC, respectively. Dentin erosion depth was 0.72 and 48.05 μm (microCT) and 0.56 and 49.92 μm (LM) for NC and PC, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the two‐analysis methods (r = 0.998; p < .001). No statistically significant difference in results were obtained when microCT and LM were compared (p = .584). This results obtained from the current study suggested that erosion depth measurements made using microCT and LM yielded comparable results. The microCT method is preferred if the conservation of specimens is desired.
Hamiltonian cycles in planar cubic graphs with facial 2‐factors, and a new partial solution of Barnette's Conjecture
Authors: Bagheri Gh Behrooz , Feder Tomas , Fleischner Herbert , Subi Carlos 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe study the existence of hamiltonian cycles in plane cubic graphs having a facial 2‐factor . Thus hamiltonicity in is transformed into the existence of a (quasi) spanning tree of faces in the contraction . In particular, we study the case where is the leapfrog extension (called vertex envelope of a plane cubic graph . As a consequence we prove hamiltonicity in the leapfrog extension of planar cubic cyclically 4‐edge‐connected bipartite graphs. This and other results of this paper establish partial solutions of Barnette's Conjecture according to which every 3‐connected cubic planar bipartite graph is hamiltonian. These results go considerably beyond Goodey's result on this topic.
Synthesis of N‐heterocycles via [4 + 3] cycloaddition of azomethine imine
Authors: Sau Madan , Verma Kshitiz , Das Tapas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDi, tri and tetra‐nitrogen containing 7‐membered heterocycles are the key building blocks for natural and medicinally active compounds. They are using as antidepressants, antiulcer, antibiotics, antiemetic and also used as herbicides and insecticides. These building blocks can be synthesized easily from [4 + 3] cycloadditon reaction of azomethine imine with the other suitable reacting partner. Research on this area is very much important as this area is not much explored till now. Hence, the synthetic literature survey towards the di‐nitrogen containing heterocycles is paramount importance. Herein, we report numerous synthetic routes (metal catalyzed, metal free, asymmetric) of di‐nitrogen containing 7‐membered heterocycle through [4 + 3] cycloadditon reaction of the last 10 years (2011‐2019).
Plasma methylcitric acid and its correlations with other disease biomarkers: The impact in the follow up of patients with propionic and methylmalonic acidemia
Authors: Maines Evelina , Catesini Giulio , Boenzi Sara , Mosca Antonella , Candusso Manila , Dello Strologo Luca , Martinelli Diego , Maiorana Arianna , Liguori Alessandra , Olivieri Giorgia , Taurisano Roberta , Piemonte Fiorella , Rizzo Cristiano , Spada Marco , Dionisi‐Vici Carlo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMethylcitric acid (MCA) analysis has been mainly utilized for the diagnosis of propionate disorders or as a second‐tier test in newborn screening, but its utility for patients monitoring still needs to be established. We explored the potential contribution of MCA in the long‐term management of organic acidurias. We prospectively evaluated plasma MCA and its relationship with disease biomarkers, clinical status, and disease burden in 22 patients, 13 with propionic acidemia (PA) and nine with methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) on standard treatment and/or after transplantation. Samples were collected at scheduled routine controls or during episodes of metabolic decompensation (MD), 10 patients were evaluated after transplantation (six liver, two combined liver and kidney, 2 kidney). MCA levels were higher in PA compared to MMA and its levels were not influenced by the clinical status (MD vs well state). In MMA, MCA was higher in elder patients and, along with fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and plasma methylmalonic acid, negatively correlated with GFR. In both diseases, MCA correlated with ammonia, glycine, lysine, C3, and the C3/C2, C3/C16 ratios. The disease burden showed a direct correlation with MCA and FGF21, for both diseases. All transplanted patients showed a significant reduction of MCA in comparison to baseline values, with some differences dependent on the type of transplantation. Our study provided new insights in understanding the disease pathophysiology, showing similarities between MCA and FGF21 in predicting disease burden, long‐term complications and in evaluating the impact of organ transplantation.
Profound head modifications in Claviger testaceus (Pselaphinae, Staphylinidae, Coleoptera) facilitate integration into communities of ants
Authors: Jałoszyński Paweł , Luo Xiao‐Zhu , Beutel Rolf Georg 
Published: July 2020

AbstractClavigeritae is a group of obligate myrmecophiles of the rove beetle subfamily Pselaphinae (Staphylinidae). Some are blind and wingless, and all are believed to depend on ant hosts through feeding by trophallaxis. Phylogenetic hypotheses suggest that their ancestors, as are most pselaphines today, were free‐living predators. Morphological alterations required to transform such beetles into extreme myrmecophiles were poorly understood. By studying the cephalic morphology of Claviger testaceus, we demonstrate that profound changes in all mouthpart components took place during this process, with a highly unusual connection of the maxillae to the hypopharynx, and formation of a uniquely transformed labium with a vestigial prementum. The primary sensory function of the modified maxillary and labial palps is reduced, and the ventral mouthparts transformed into a licking/‘sponging’ device. Many muscles have been reduced, in relation to the coleopteran groundplan or other staphylinoids. The head capsule contains voluminous glands whose appeasement secretions are crucial for the beetle survival in ant colonies. The brain, in turn, has been shifted into the neck region. The prepharyngeal dilator is composed of an entire series of bundles. However, the pharynx does not show any peculiar adaptations to taking up liquid food. We demonstrate that far‐reaching cephalic modifications characterize C. testaceus, and that the development of appeasement glands and adaptation of the mouthparts to trophallaxis determine the head architecture of this extreme myrmecophile.
Preoperative Assessment for High‐Risk Endometrial Cancer by Developing anMRI‐ and Clinical‐Based Radiomics Nomogram: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Yan Bi Cong , Li Ying , MA Feng Hua , Feng Feng , Sun Ming Hua , Lin Guang Wu , Zhang Guo Fu , Qiang Jin Wei 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundHigh‐ and low‐risk endometrial cancer (EC) differ in whether lymphadenectomy is performed. Assessment of high‐risk EC is essential for planning surgery appropriately.PurposeTo develop a radiomics nomogram for high‐risk EC prediction preoperatively.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 717 histopathologically confirmed EC patients (mean age, 56 years ± 9) divided into a primary group (394 patients from Center A), validation groups 1 and 2 (146 patients from Center B and 177 patients from Centers C–E).Field Strength/Sequence1.5/3Tscanners;T2‐weighted imaging, diffusion‐weighted imaging, apparent diffusion coefficient, and contrast enhancement sequences.AssessmentA radiomics nomogram was generated by combining the selected radiomics features and clinical parameters (metabolic syndrome, cancer antigen 125, age, tumor grade following curettage, and tumor size). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic was used to evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomics nomogram for high‐risk EC. The surgical procedure suggested by the nomogram was compared with the actual procedure performed for the patients. Net benefit of the radiomics nomogram was evaluated by a clinical decision curve (CDC), net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).Statistical TestsBinary least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression, linear regression, and multivariate binary logistic regression were used to select radiomics features and clinical parameters.ResultsThe AUC for prediction of high‐risk EC for the radiomics nomogram in the primary group, validation groups 1 and 2 were 0.896 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.866–0.926), 0.877 (95% CI: 0.825–0.930), and 0.919 (95% CI: 0.879–0.960), respectively. The nomogram achieved good net benefit by CDC analysis for high‐risk EC. NRIs were 1.17, 1.28, and 1.51, and IDIs were 0.41, 0.60, and 0.61 in the primary group, validation groups 1 and 2, respectively.Data ConclusionThe radiomics nomogram exhibited good performance in the individual prediction of high‐risk EC, and might be used for surgical management of EC.Level of Evidence4Technical Efficacy Stage2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1872–1882.