bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deposition Rate Effect on Optical and Electrical Properties of Thermally Evaporated WO3−x/Ag/WO3−x Multilayer Electrode for Transparent and Flexible Thin Film Heaters
Authors: Lim Sang-Hwi , Kim Han-Ki 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe investigated the deposition rate effect on the optical, electrical, and morphological characteristics of thermally evaporated WO3−x/Ag/WO3−x (WAW) multilayer electrodes. By controlling the deposition rate of the WO3−x and Ag layers, we can control the interface structure between WO3−x and Ag and improve both the optical and electrical properties of the thermally evaporated WAW multilayer electrodes. At the optimized deposition rate of WO3−x (2.5 Å/sec) and Ag (10 Å/sec), the symmetric WAW multilayer exhibited a high optical transmittance of 92.16% at a 550 nm wavelength and low sheet resistance of 3.78 Ω/square. During repeated bending, rolling, and twisting, there was no resistance change indicating the superior flexibility of WAW multilayer electrodes. As a promising application of the WAW multilayer electrodes, we suggested the transparent and flexible thin film heaters (TFHs) to substitute the high cost indium tin oxide-based TFHs. In comparison to the ITO-based TFHs, the WAW based TFHs showed higher convective heat transfer property and higher saturation temperatures are achieved at lower input voltages due to lower sheet resistance. This indicates that the WAW multilayer is suitable as the electrode for high performance transparent and flexible TFHs.
Electrospun cellulose acetate/gelatin nanofibrous wound dressing containing berberine for diabetic foot ulcer healing: in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Samadian Hadi , Zamiri Sina , Ehterami Arian , Farzamfar Saeed , Vaez Ahmad , Khastar Hossein , Alam Mostafa , Ai Armin , Derakhshankhah Hossein , Allahyari Zahra , Goodarzi Arash , Salehi Majid 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFunctional wound dressing with tailored physicochemical and biological properties is vital for diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) treatment. Our main objective in the current study was to fabricate Cellulose Acetate/Gelatin (CA/Gel) electrospun mat loaded with berberine (Beri) as the DFU-specific wound dressing. The wound healing efficacy of the fabricated dressings was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The results demonstrated an average nanofiber diameter of 502 ± 150 nm, and the tensile strength, contact angle, porosity, water vapor permeability and water uptake ratio of CA/Gel nanofibers were around 2.83 ± 0.08 MPa, 58.07 ± 2.35°, 78.17 ± 1.04%, 11.23 ± 1.05 mg/cm2/hr, and 12.78 ± 0.32%, respectively, while these values for CA/Gel/Beri nanofibers were 2.69 ± 0.05 MPa, 56.93 ± 1°, 76.17 ± 0.76%, 10.17 ± 0.21 mg/cm2/hr, and 14.37 ± 0.42%, respectively. The antibacterial evaluations demonstrated that the dressings exhibited potent antibacterial activity. The collagen density of 88.8 ± 6.7% and the angiogenesis score of 19.8 ± 3.8 obtained in the animal studies indicate a proper wound healing. These findings implied that the incorporation of berberine did not compromise the physical properties of dressing, while improving the biological activities. In conclusion, our results indicated that the prepared mat is a proper wound dressing for DFU management and treatment.
Clinical implications of posterior semicircular canal function in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Byun Hayoung , Chung Jae Ho , Lee Seung Hwan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPredicting hearing outcomes in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is still challenging. We hypothesized that assessment of the semicircular canal (SCC) function via the video head impulse test (vHIT) might provide prognostic information. The medical records of patients diagnosed with ISSNHL from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The prognostic values of the vHIT and other previously known factors in predicting hearing recovery were analyzed using a logistic regression model. A total of 148 patients with normal contra-lesional hearing were analyzed. Fifty-seven patients exhibited low gain (<0.7) on the vHIT in at least one SCC, more than the number of patients complaining of dizziness. Multivariable analysis revealed that non-recovery of normal hearing was associated with older age (OR 1.040), worse canal paresis on the caloric test (OR 1.023), worse initial hearing thresholds (OR 1.045) and abnormal vHIT result in the posterior SCC (OR 3.670). Low vHIT gain in the posterior SCC had specificity of 94.4% and positive predictive value of 85.7% in predicting non-recovery of normal hearing. In conclusion, abnormal vHIT gain in the posterior SCC appears to be a specific prognostic factor for incomplete hearing recovery in ISSNHL.
Applying Machine Learning to Kinematic and Eye Movement Features of a Movement Imitation Task to Predict Autism Diagnosis
Authors: Vabalas Andrius , Gowen Emma , Poliakoff Ellen , Casson Alexander J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAutism is a developmental condition currently identified by experts using observation, interview, and questionnaire techniques and primarily assessing social and communication deficits. Motor function and movement imitation are also altered in autism and can be measured more objectively. In this study, motion and eye tracking data from a movement imitation task were combined with supervised machine learning methods to classify 22 autistic and 22 non-autistic adults. The focus was on a reliable machine learning application. We have used nested validation to develop models and further tested the models with an independent data sample. Feature selection was aimed at selection stability to assure result interpretability. Our models predicted diagnosis with 73% accuracy from kinematic features, 70% accuracy from eye movement features and 78% accuracy from combined features. We further explored features which were most important for predictions to better understand movement imitation differences in autism. Consistent with the behavioural results, most discriminative features were from the experimental condition in which non-autistic individuals tended to successfully imitate unusual movement kinematics while autistic individuals tended to fail. Machine learning results show promise that future work could aid in the diagnosis process by providing quantitative tests to supplement current qualitative ones.
Real-time detection of colon polyps during colonoscopy using deep learning: systematic validation with four independent datasets
Authors: Lee Ji Young , Jeong Jinhoon , Song Eun Mi , Ha Chunae , Lee Hyo Jeong , Koo Ja Eun , Yang Dong-Hoon , Kim Namkug , Byeon Jeong-Sik 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe developed and validated a deep-learning algorithm for polyp detection. We used a YOLOv2 to develop the algorithm for automatic polyp detection on 8,075 images (503 polyps). We validated the algorithm using three datasets: A: 1,338 images with 1,349 polyps; B: an open, public CVC-clinic database with 612 polyp images; and C: 7 colonoscopy videos with 26 polyps. To reduce the number of false positives in the video analysis, median filtering was applied. We tested the algorithm performance using 15 unaltered colonoscopy videos (dataset D). For datasets A and B, the per-image polyp detection sensitivity was 96.7% and 90.2%, respectively. For video study (dataset C), the per-image polyp detection sensitivity was 87.7%. False positive rates were 12.5% without a median filter and 6.3% with a median filter with a window size of 13. For dataset D, the sensitivity and false positive rate were 89.3% and 8.3%, respectively. The algorithm detected all 38 polyps that the endoscopists detected and 7 additional polyps. The operation speed was 67.16 frames per second. The automatic polyp detection algorithm exhibited good performance, as evidenced by the high detection sensitivity and rapid processing. Our algorithm may help endoscopists improve polyp detection.
Reconstruction of sternal defects after sternotomy with postoperative osteomyelitis, using a unilateral pectoralis major advancement muscle flap
Authors: Wyckman Alexander , Abdelrahman Islam , Steinvall Ingrid , Zdolsek Johann , Granfeldt Hans , Sjöberg Folke , Nettelblad Hans , Elmasry Moustafa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground: The pectoralis major flap, which is usually harvested bilaterally, is considered a workhorse flap in the reconstruction of sternal defects. After a median sternotomy for open heart surgery, 1%-3% of patients develop deep infection and dehiscence of the sternal wound, some of which will eventually require reconstructive surgery. Our aim was to describe the clinical feasibility and associated complications of the unilateral pectoralis major advancement flap in the reconstruction of sternal defects. Methods: A retrospective analysis of all adult patients who were operated on using a unilateral pectoralis major flap for reconstruction of the chest wall at the Linköping University Hospital during 2008–18 was made using data retrieved from medical records. Results: Forty-three patients had reconstructions with unilateral pectoralis major flaps. Three flaps failed completely, and another 10 patients developed complications that required further operation. The factors that were independently associated with loss of the flaps and complications were: older age, male sex, the number of different antibiotics used, and a long duration of treatment with negative wound pressure. Fewer wound revisions before the reconstruction resulted in more complications. The factors that were independently associated with prolonged time to complete healing were emergency reoperation after the initial operation and complications after reconstruction. Conclusion: The unilateral pectoralis major advancement flap has proved to be a useful technique in the reconstruction of most sternal defects after sternal wound infection in older patients. There is, however, need for a follow-up study on a larger number of procedures to evaluate the long-term outcome compared with other methods of sternal reconstruction.
Microscopy analysis of Zika virus morphogenesis in mammalian cells
Authors: Caldas Lucio Ayres , Azevedo Renata Campos , da Silva Jerson Lima , de Souza Wanderley 
Published: May 2020

AbstractZika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus that recently emerged in the Americas as an important pathogen mainly because of its expanded pathogenesis, and elevated tropism for neuronal cells, transposition across the placental barrier, and replication in reproductive tract cells. Thus, transmission modes are eventually independent of an invertebrate vector, which is an atypical behavior for the flavivirus genus and indicates the need to study the replication of this virus in different cell types. Although ZIKV became a target for public health programs, the interaction of this flavivirus with the infected cell is still poorly understood. Herein, we analyzed the main stages of virus morphogenesis in mammalian cells, from establishment of the viroplasm-like zone to viral release from infected cells, using super-resolution fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy. In addition, we compared this with other host cell types and other members of the Flaviviridae family that present a similar dynamic.
Role of metformin in epigenetic regulation of placental mitochondrial biogenesis in maternal diabetes
Authors: Jiang Shaoning , Teague April M. , Tryggestad Jeanie B. , Jensen Mary E. , Chernausek Steven D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAdverse maternal environments, such as diabetes and obesity, impair placental mitochondrial function, which affects fetal development and offspring long-term health. The underlying mechanisms and effective interventions to abrogate such effect remain unclear. Our previous studies demonstrated impaired mitochondrial biogenesis in male human placenta of diabetic mothers. In the present studies, epigenetic marks possibly related to mitochondrial biogenesis in placentae of women with diabetes (n = 23) and controls (n = 23) were analyzed. Effects of metformin were examined in human placental explants from a subgroup of diabetic women and in a mouse model of maternal high fat diet feeding. We found that maternal diabetes was associated with epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in human placenta in a fetal sex-dependent manner, including decreased histone acetylation (H3K27 acetylation) and increased promoter methylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). In male placenta, the levels of H3K27 acetylation and PGC-1α promoter methylation correlated significantly with the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Metformin treatment on male diabetic placental explant activated AMPK and stimulated PGC-1α expression, concomitant with increased H3K27 acetylation and decreased PGC-1α promoter methylation. In vivo, we show that maternal metformin treatment along with maternal high fat diet significantly increased mouse placental abundance of PGC-1α expression and downstream mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and inhibited maternal high fat diet-impaired placental efficiency and glucose tolerance in offspring. Together, these findings suggest the capability of metformin to stimulate placental mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibit the aberrant epigenetic alterations occurring in maternal diabetes during pregnancy, conferring protective effects on offspring.
In silico identification of MAPK14-related lncRNAs and assessment of their expression in breast cancer samples
Authors: Dashti Sepideh , Taherian-Esfahani Zahra , Kholghi-Oskooei Vahid , Noroozi Rezvan , Arsang-Jang Sharam , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Taheri Mohammad 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathways participate in regulation of several cellular processes involved in breast carcinogenesis. A number of non-coding RNAs including both microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate or being regulated by MAPKs. We performed anin-silicomethod for identification of MAPKs with high number of interactions with miRNAs and lncRNAs. Bioinformatics approaches revealed that MAPK14 ranked first among MAPKs. Subsequently, we identified miRNAs and lncRNAs that were predicted to be associated with MAPK14. Finally, we selected four lncRNAs with higher predicted scores (NORAD,HCG11,ZNRD1ASPandTTN-AS1) and assessed their expression in 80 breast cancer tissues and their adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs). Expressions ofHCG11andZNRD1ASPwere lower in tumoral tissues compared with ANCTs (P values < 0.0001). However, expression levels ofMAPK14andNORADwere not significantly different between breast cancer tissues and ANCTs. A significant association was detected between expression ofHCG11and estrogen receptor (ER) status in a way that tumors with up-regulation of this lncRNA were mostly ER negative (P value = 0.04). Expressions ofZNRD1ASPandHCG11were associated with menopause age and breast feeding duration respectively (P values = 0.02 and 0.04 respectively). There was a trend towards association betweenZNRD1ASPexpression and patients’ age of cancer diagnosis. Finally, we detected a trend toward association between expression ofNORADand history of hormone replacement therapy (P value = 0.06). Expression ofMAPK14was significantly higher in grade 1 tumors compared with grade 2 tumors (P value = 0.02). Consequently, the current study provides evidences for association between lncRNA expressions and reproductive factors or tumor features.
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) can be grown safety on human consumption in slight Hg-contaminated soils across China mainland
Authors: Yang Bo , Gao Yi , Zhang Chunxue , Han Jiarui , Liu Yige , Zheng Xiangqun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMercury (Hg) exposure poses serious health risks to humans, resulting in extensive investigations examining Hg accumulation, biotransformation and uptake in crops. In this investigation, Hg accumulation in potato tubers due to bioaccumulation processes was determined and bioconcentration factors affecting bioaccumulation were identified using a greenhouse experiment. Our results showed that the percentage of available Hg concentrations from total Hg in soil samples were less than 1.2%, indicating that soils used in our experiment exhibited a high binding strength for Hg, with alkaline soil recording the lowest available Hg/total Hg ratio. Results indicated that soil type and Hg treatment, as well as their interactions, significantly affected Hg accumulation in potato tubers (P < 0.01). Importantly, our results also indicated that potatoes grown in soil with a Hg concentration two times higher than the Chinese Environmental Quality Standard exhibited no obvious toxic effects on humans; Bioconcentration factors (BCF) values (<0.04) suggested that potatoes can be considered as a low Hg accumulating species and suitable for human consumption. Potato yields in acidic soil were lower than those in neutral or alkaline soils, making this medium unsuitable for growth.
Priming for welfare: gut microbiota is associated with equitation conditions and behavior in horse athletes
Authors: Mach Núria , Ruet Alice , Clark Allison , Bars-Cortina David , Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , Crisci Elisa , Pennarun Samuel , Dhorne-Pollet Sophie , Foury Aline , Moisan Marie-Pierre , Lansade Léa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe simultaneously measured the fecal microbiota and multiple environmental and host-related variables in a cohort of 185 healthy horses reared in similar conditions during a period of eight months. The pattern of rare bacteria varied from host to host and was largely different between two time points. Among a suite of variables examined, equitation factors were highly associated with the gut microbiota variability, evoking a relationship between gut microbiota and high levels of physical and mental stressors. Behavioral indicators that pointed toward a compromised welfare state (e.g. stereotypies, hypervigilance and aggressiveness) were also associated with the gut microbiota, reinforcing the notion for the existence of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. These observations were consistent with the microbiability of behaviour traits (> 15%), illustrating the importance of gut microbial composition to animal behaviour. As more elite athletes suffer from stress, targeting the microbiota offers a new opportunity to investigate the bidirectional interactions within the brain gut microbiota axis.
Survival Outcomes According to Body Mass Index in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patient: Analysis of Nationwide Cancer Registry Database
Authors: Cha Boram , Yu Jung Hwan , Jin Young-Joo , Suh Young Ju , Lee Jin-Woo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and Aims: Body mass index (BMI) is known to be closely related to the prognosis and mortality of various diseases. The aim of our study was to evaluate differences in post-treatment overall survival (OS) according to BMI with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to understand the meaning of BMI. Among the records of 10,578 HCC patients registered at the Korean Central Cancer Registry from 2008 through 2014, we selected Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) 0, A, and B staged HCC patients (n = 4,926). HCC patients showed a good prognosis in the order of overweight, normal weight, obesity, and underweight. However, comparing normal-weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) to overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2) after propensity score matching (PSM), there was no significant difference in OS (p = 0.153). Overweight males had a better prognosis than normal-weight males (p = 0.014), but, normal-weight females had a better prognosis than overweight. To determine the gender-specific OS differences, we examined the differences according to the HCC treatment type. In males, overweight patients had better OS after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (p = 0.039) than normal-weight, but not after surgical resection (p = 0.618) nor radiofrequency ablation (p = 0.553). However, in females, all of those HCC treatments resulted in significantly better OS in normal-weight patients than overweight. In patients with HCC of BCLC stages 0–B, unlike females, overweight males had a better prognosis than normal-weight, especially among TACE-treated patients. Our results carefully suggest that the meaning of normal BMI in patients with HCC may have gender difference.
Anion-exchange chromatography mass spectrometry provides extensive coverage of primary metabolic pathways revealing altered metabolism in IDH1 mutant cells
Authors: Walsby-Tickle John , Gannon Joan , Hvinden Ingvild , Bardella Chiara , Abboud Martine I. , Nazeer Areesha , Hauton David , Pires Elisabete , Cadoux-Hudson Tom , Schofield Christopher J. , McCullagh James S. O. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAltered central carbon metabolism is a hallmark of many diseases including diabetes, obesity, heart disease and cancer. Identifying metabolic changes will open opportunities for better understanding aetiological processes and identifying new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Comprehensive and robust analysis of primary metabolic pathways in cells, tissues and bio-fluids, remains technically challenging. We report on the development and validation of a highly reproducible and robust untargeted method using anion-exchange tandem mass spectrometry (IC-MS) that enables analysis of 431 metabolites, providing detailed coverage of central carbon metabolism. We apply the method in an untargeted, discovery-driven workflow to investigate the metabolic effects of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations in glioblastoma cells. IC-MS provides comprehensive coverage of central metabolic pathways revealing significant elevation of 2-hydroxyglutarate and depletion of 2-oxoglutarate. Further analysis of the data reveals depletion in additional metabolites including previously unrecognised changes in lysine and tryptophan metabolism.
Dual sequence definition increases the data storage capacity of sequence-defined macromolecules
Authors: Wetzel Katharina S. , Frölich Maximiliane , Solleder Susanne C. , Nickisch Roman , Treu Philipp , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSequence-defined macromolecules offer applications in the field of data storage. Challenges include synthesising precise and pure sequences, reading stored information and increasing data storage capacity. Herein, the synthesis of dual sequence-defined oligomers and their application for data storage is demonstrated. While applying the well-established Passerini three-component reaction, the degree of definition of the prepared monodisperse macromolecules is improved compared to previous reports by utilising nine specifically designed isocyanide monomers to introduce backbone definition. The monomers are combined with various aldehyde components to synthesise dual-sequence defined oligomers. Thus, the side chains and the backbones of these macromolecules can be varied independently, exhibiting increased molecular diversity and hence data storage capacity per repeat unit. In case of a dual sequence-defined pentamer, 33 bits are achieved in a single molecule. The oligomers are obtained in multigram scale and excellent purity. Sequential read-out by tandem ESI-MS/MS verifies the high data storage capacity of the prepared oligomers per repeat unit in comparison to other sequence defined macromolecules.
Gradient-morph LiCoO2 single crystals with stabilized energy density above 3400 W h L−1
Authors: Zhu Zhi , Yu Daiwei , Shi Zhe , Gao Rui , Xiao Xianghui , Waluyo Iradwikanari , Ge Mingyuan , Dong Yanhao , Xue Weijiang , Xu Guiyin , Lee Wah-Keat , Hunt Adrian , Li Ju 
Published: May 2020

An integral LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 shell completely wets ∼10 μm LiCoO2 single crystals to cut off global oxygen migration and enables >4.6 V cycling.