bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AGEING AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION Daniel Callahan, Rudd H. J. ter Meulen and Eva Topkinkova

(eds): A World Growing Old: The Coming Health Care Challenges.

Georgetown University Press, Washington, 1995, 175 pp. ISBN 0 878 40576
3.
Authors: SCHECHTER MALVIN , SHEPPARD HAROLD L. , MAYNARD ALAN , BINSTOCK ROBERT H. , POST STEPHEN G. , WARNES ANTHONY M. , CALLAHAN DANIEL 
Published: July 2002

A geriatrician's perspectiveThe problem and its rootsWho shall have when all will die?RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND SOCIETAL RESPONSES TO OLD AGESpecial Issue of Ageing and Society, Volume 15 part
2,

June 1995Commentaries:1.) And a Few Pinches of Politics and Economics2.) The case of Alzheimer disease3.) Professional and political influence on resource allocation for
older peopleReply to Commentaries:Facts, Values, Ideologies and Ageing
Separation of isotopes by laser-assisted retardation of
condensation (SILARC)
Authors: EERKENS JEFF W. 
Published: July 2002

Equations (10)–(12) and (14)–(16) of
this paper, as well as the paragraph following (16), contain
errors and should be corrected as follows (primes indicate
corrected equations). The corrections do not alter the
analyses and conclusions in the remainder of the paper.Article appeared in Laser and Particle Beams
(1998), 16, 295–316
Laser with phase conjugation for high intensity interactions
Authors: KULIKOV S.M. , DOLGOPOLOV Y.V. , DUDOV A.M. , KOCHEMASOV G.G. , KIRILLOV G.A. , PEVNY S.N. , SMIRNOV A.B. , SMYSHLYAEV S.P. , SUKHAREV S.A. , SHKAPA A.F. 
Published: July 2002

We present the results of the experimental testing of the
laser facility LAMBDA, created and built at the Institute
of Experimental Physics of the Russian Federal Nuclear
Center for generation of quasi-steady-state laser fields
in microvolumes.The facility includes: a single mode generator of reference
radiation (RR) producing about 10 mJ energy in a pulse
of controlled length from 3 to 30 ns; a target chamber
with an input objective focusing the RR beam to a micron-size
spot, and a 280-mm-diameter parabolic mirror with the focal
length also of 270 mm; a two-stage iodine amplifier with
the small signal gain coefficient 3·105
per one pass, to the input of which radiation from the
target chamber formed by the (microobjective + parabolic
mirror) system is applied; a phase conjugating device with
the system for the selection of the phase-conjugated component,
which allows us to realize the pulse compression in the
amplifier stages, and to provide the compensation of the
optical aberrations after the second pass amplification
and focusing of high-power radiation into the microvolume;
a complex for diagnostics of plasma and laser radiation
parameters.
GNSS Guidance for All Phases of Flight: Practical Results
Authors: Leighton S. J. , McGregor A. E. , Lowe D. , Wolfe A. , Macaulay A. A. 
Published: July 2002

This, and the following three papers, were first presented at GNSS 2000, the Third European
Symposium on Global Navigation Satellite Systems held in Edinburgh, Scotland from 1st to
4th May 2000.GNSS, or more specifically, Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS), guidance
provides the prospect of a low-cost means for aircraft to become equipped to fly area
navigation (RNAV) operations. The implementation of such RNAV operations within UK
airspace offers potential benefits to both the airline operators and the Air Traffic Service
Providers (ATSPs).
Foreword
Authors: Bahsoun J. P. , Fiadeiro J. L. , Galmiche D. 
Published: July 2002

There are various logic-based approaches to modelling concurrent programming. The use
of logic for system development concerns both the specification step and the study of
the operational aspects (through proof analysis and construction) of such development.
This means that we have to consider different logical systems for different uses of logic.
Moreover, we can also consider concurrency from both points of view: we want to reason
and to specify systems where some concurrency aspects are involved, but also to have
some operational interpretation of concurrency within logic (focusing on the concept of
proof). For this purpose, it seems clear that we have to identify and to study, on the
one hand, the role and the treatment of objects (representation, inheritance, modularity,
communication, and so on) in this context, and, on the other hand, the interaction of
work on proofs and concurrency with the Object-Oriented Programming paradigm.The ECOOP’96 workshop on ‘Proof Theory of Concurrent Object-Oriented
Programming’ took place in Linz, Austria, in July 1996. Its objective was to
provide an integrated
forum for the presentation of research and the exchange of ideas and experiences in
the topics concerned with proofs, concurrency and object-oriented programming
(specification, proof development, and so on). The call for papers for this Special Issue of
Mathematical Structures in Computer Science can be considered to have been a natural
scientific continuation of the workshop.The papers selected for this Special Issue address some of the topics discussed in
the workshop. They present different alternative frameworks that are effectively based
on a proof-theoretic approach. They illustrate, from different points of view, the interest,
potentialities and difficulties of dealing with such an approach in the design of object-based
concurrent systems.
Dithiothreitol induces sperm nuclear decondensation and protects against chromosome damage during male pronuclear formation in hybrid zygotes between Chinese hamster spermatozoa and Syrian hamster oocytes
Authors: Tateno Hiroyuki , Kamiguchi Yujiroh 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe present study was undertaken to investigate whether a time lag in sperm nuclear decondensation and male pronuclear formation in the course of development of eggs is associated with any occurrence of structural chromosome aberrations in male genomes of hybrid zygotes between Chinese hamster spermatozoa and zona-free Syrian hamster oocytes. Shortly after insemination, hybrid zygotes were treated with dithiothreitol (DTT) at different concentrations (0.1–10.0 mM) for 30 min to reduce protamine disulphide (S–S) bonds and thereby accelerate sperm nuclear decondensation and male pronuclear formation. The incidence of sperm nuclear decondensation and male pronuclear formation increased with increasing DTT concentrations, indicating that a reduction in S–S bonds effectively induces these cytological events. Chromosomes of male genomes in hybrid zygotes generated by treatment with 1.0 mM, 2.5 mM and 10.0 mM DTT were analysed at the first cleavage metaphase. Incidence of structural chromosome aberrations in each treatment was 34.5%, 27.1% and 24.7%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the incidences with 1.0 mM and 10.0 mM DTT treatment. As the time lag in nuclear decondensation and male pronuclear formation was greatest in the 1.0 mM treatment condition, followed in order by 2.5 mM and 10.0 mM, it is suggested that the lag in sperm nuclear development behind egg development is responsible for structural chromosome aberrations in male genomes of hybrid zygotes.
Legal Update: New Guidelines for the Conduct of Care Proceedings
Authors: Tufnell Guinevere 
Published: July 2002

Re CB and JB (care proceedings: case conduct)[1998]
2
FCR 313 Family Division, Manchester. Wall J.Care proceedings were brought in respect of twins who
were born in February 1996. It was alleged that one of
them had been the victim of two shaking episodes, whilst
in the care of their parents. In February 1998, a care order
was made and the children were freed for adoption. The
facts of the case were very simple, the only factual issue
being which parent had inflicted the child's injuries. Care
proceedings were commenced in November 1996 and the
substantive hearing took place in February 1998; a large
number of expert opinions had been sought; the legal
advisers had not worked towards clarifying the issues. The
judge, Mr Justice Wall, was highly critical of the conduct
of the case and made a number of recommendations.
The Effect of Elevated Concentrations of Fructose 2,6-Bisphosphate on Carbon Metabolism during Deacidification in the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Plant Kalanchöe daigremontiana
Authors: Truesdale Mark R. , Toldi Otto , Scott Peter 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
In C3 plants, the metabolite fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru 2,6-P2) has an important role in the regulation of carbon partitioning during photosynthesis. To investigate the impact of Fru 2,6-P2 on carbon metabolism during Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), we have developed an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system in order to alter genetically the obligate CAM plant Kalanchöe daigremontiana. To our knowledge, this is the first report to use genetic manipulation of a CAM species to increase our understanding of this important form of plant metabolism. Transgenic plants were generated containing a modified rat liver 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase gene. In the plants analyzed the activity of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase ranged from 175% to 198% of that observed in wild-type plants, resulting in Fru 2,6-P2 concentrations that were 228% to 350% of wild-type plants after 2 h of illumination. A range of metabolic measurements were made on these transgenic plants to investigate the possible roles of Fru 2,6-P2 during Suc, starch, and malic acid metabolism across the deacidification period of CAM. The results suggest that Fru 2,6-P2 plays a major role in regulating partitioning between Suc and starch synthesis during photosynthesis. However, alterations in Fru 2,6-P2 levels had little effect on malate mobilization during CAM fluxes.
Intron-Mediated Enhancement of Gene Expression Independent of Unique Intron Sequences and Splicing
Authors: Rose Alan B. , Beliakoff Jason A. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Either of the first two introns of the Arabidopsis tryptophan pathway genePAT1 elevates mRNA accumulation from aPAT1:β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion roughly 5-fold without affecting the rate of PAT1:GUS transcription. To further explore the mechanism of this intron-mediated enhancement of gene expression, we wanted to determine whether splicing or specific intron sequences were necessary. In-frame derivatives ofPAT1 intron 1, whose splicing was prevented by a point mutation or large deletions, were able to increase mRNA accumulation from a PAT1:GUS fusion, demonstrating that splicing per se is not required. Furthermore, each of a series of introns containing overlapping deletions that together span PAT1 intron 1 increased PAT1:GUS mRNA accumulation as much as the full-length intron did, indicating that all intron sequences are individually dispensable for this phenomenon. These results eliminate the simple idea that this intron stimulates mRNA accumulation via a unique RNA-stabilizing sequence or through the completed act of splicing. However, they are consistent with a possible role for redundant intron sequence elements or an association of the pre-mRNA with the spliceosome.
NADPH Supply and Mannitol Biosynthesis. Characterization, Cloning, and Regulation of the Non-Reversible Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Celery Leaves
Authors: Gao Zhifang , Loescher Wayne H. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Mannitol, a sugar alcohol, is a major primary photosynthetic product in celery (Apium graveolens L. cv Giant Pascal). We report here on purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning of cytosolic non-reversible glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (nr-G3PDH, EC1.2.1.9), the apparent key contributor of the NADPH required for mannitol biosynthesis in celery leaves. As determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, purified nr-G3PDH showed a molecular mass of 53 kD. A 1,734-bp full-length cDNA clone (accession no. AF196292) encoding nr-G3PDH was identified using polymerase chain reaction and rapid amplification of cDNA ends techniques. The cDNA clone has an open reading frame of 1,491 bp encoding 496 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 53,172.K m values for the celery nr-G3PDH were low (6.8 μm for NADP+ and 29 μm ford-glyceraldehyde-3-P). NADPH, 3-phosphoglycerate, and ATP were competitive inhibitors, and cytosolic levels of these three metabolites (as determined by nonaqueous fractionation) were all above the concentrations necessary to inhibit activity in vitro, suggesting that nr-G3PDH may be regulated through feedback inhibition by one or more metabolites. We also determined a tight association between activities of nr-G3PDH and mannose-6-P reductase and mRNA expression levels in response to both leaf development and salt treatment. Collectively, our data clearly show metabolic, developmental, and environmental regulation of nr-G3PDH, and also suggest that the supply of NADPH necessary for mannitol biosynthesis is under tight metabolic control.
Molecular Characterization of the Abp1 5′-Flanking Region in Maize and the Teosintes
Authors: Elrouby Nabil , Bureau Thomas E. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Auxin-binding protein 1 subsp. mays (ABP1) has been suggested as a receptor mediating auxin-induced cell expansion and differentiation. In maize (Zea mays), ABP1 is encoded by a single gene, Abp1. The TATA and CAAT promoter elements as well as the transcriptional start site were previously identified and all were found to be located within a transposable element (TE),Tourist-Zm11. In this study we report the cloning and characterization of the Abp1 5′-flanking region in maize and its wild relatives, the teosintes. We provide evidence for insertion polymorphism corresponding to Tourist-Zm11 and two novel TEs, Batuta and Pilgrim. Despite this polymorphic structure, the Abp1 core promoter in maize and the teosintes is conserved, is located downstream of the TE insertions in the 5′-flanking region, and is TATA-less. We discuss the potential evolutionary impact of these TEs on the regulation of Abp1 gene expression.
X-ray analysis of crystals of rat phosphatidylinositol-transfer protein with bound phosphatidylcholine
Authors: Oliver Randall L. , Tremblay Jacqueline M. , Helmkamp George M. , Yarbrough Lynwood R. , Breakfield Natalie W. , Yoder Marilyn D. 
Published: July 2002

Phosphatidylinositol-transfer protein (PITP) is a soluble, ubiquitously expressed, highly conserved protein encoded by two genes in humans, rodents and other mammals. A cDNA encoding the alpha isoform of the rat gene was expressed to high levels in Escherichia coli, the protein purified and the homogeneous protein used for crystallization studies. Crystals of rat PITP-α were obtained by vapor-diffusion techniques using the sitting-drop method. Crystals grow within two weeks by vapor-diffusion techniques in the presence of polyethylene glycol 4000. Both crystal forms pack in the monoclinic space group P21. Crystal form I has unit-cell parameters a = 44.75, b = 74.25, c = 48.32 Å and β = 114.14°. Unit-cell parameters for crystal form II are a = 47.86, b = 73.59, c = 80.49 Å and β = 98.54°. Crystal form I has a Vm
of 2.295 Å3 Da−1 and an estimated solvent content of 46.4% with one molecule per asymmetric unit, while crystal form II has a Vm
of 2.196 Å3 Da−1 and an estimated solvent content of 44.0%, assuming two molecules per asymmetric unit.
Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase from Nocardioides simplex 3E: a novel dioxygenase involved in the biodegradation of polychlorinated aromatic compounds
Authors: Benvenuti Manuela , Briganti Fabrizio , Scozzafava Andrea , Golovleva Ludmilla , Travkin Vasily M. , Mangani Stefano 
Published: July 2002

Hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase (HQ1,2O) from Nocardioides simplex 3E, an enzyme involved in the aerobic biodegradation of a large class of chloroaromatic compounds such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetate (2,4,5-T), has been crystallized. HQ1,2O, which specifically catalyzes the intradiol cleavage of hydroxyquinol (1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene), an intermediate in the degradation of a variety of aromatic pollutants, to maleylacetate, has been recently purified to homogeneity. The enzyme is an homodimer composed of two identical subunits in a α2-type quaternary structure, has a molecular weight of about 65 kDa and contains a catalytically essential Fe(III) ion. Crystals of HQ1,2O obtained using 2% PEG 400 and 2 M ammonium sulfate at pH 7.5 as precipitants belong to the orthorhombic space group P212121, with unit-cell parameters a = 81.15 (6), b = 86.79 (7), c = 114.93 (8). Assuming one dimer per asymmetric unit, the Vm
value is 2.51 Å3 Da−1. A complete native data set to 1.8 Å resolution has been collected on a laboratory source. This is the first intradiol dioxygenase which specifically catalyzes the cleavage of hydroxyquinol to give diffraction-quality crystals.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of hydroxynitrile lyase from cassava (Manihot esculenta)
Authors: Lauble Hanspeter , Decanniere Klaas , Wajant Harald , Förster Siegfried , Effenberger Franz 
Published: July 2002

Hydroxynitrile lyase from M. esculenta (cassava) was crystallized in two different crystal forms by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. Crystals of form I were obtained from a mixture of polyethylene glycol 8000 and 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, and belong to the tetragonal space group P41212 or its enantiomorph P43212, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 105.9, c = 188.9 Å and with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. These crystals diffract to 2.9 Å with conventional X-ray sources and beyond 2.1 Å resolution with synchrotron radiation. The crystals are relatively sensitive to radiation damage and conditions for flash-cooling the crystals have been established. A complete native data set has been collected up to 2.2 Å resolution. Crystal form II has been obtained at pH 5.6 using lithium sulfate as a precipitant. The crystals apparently belong to the orthorhombic space group P21212, with unit-cell parameters a = 117.52, b = 127.09 and c = 78.08 Å, have two molecules in the asymmetric unit and diffract to beyond 2.0 Å resolution. A complete native data set has been collected to 2.2 Å resolution.
Crystallization and preliminary X-ray study of two crystal forms of Klebsiella oxytoca diol dehydratase–cyanocobalamin complex
Authors: Masuda Jun , Yamaguchi Tetsuya , Tobimatsu Takamasa , Toraya Tetsuo , Suto Kyoko , Shibata Naoki , Morimoto Yukio , Higuchi Yoshiki , Yasuoka Noritake 
Published: July 2002

Two crystal forms of Klebsiella oxytoca diol dehydratase complexed with cyanocobalamin have been obtained and preliminary crystallographic experiments have been performed. The crystals belong to two different space groups, depending on the crystallization conditions. One crystal (form I) belongs to space group P212121 with unit-cell parameters a = 76.2, b = 122.3, c = 209.6 Å, and diffracts to 2.2 Å resolution using an X-ray beam from a synchrotron radiation source. The other crystal (form II) belongs to space group P21 with unit-cell parameters a = 75.4, b = 132.7, c = 298.8 Å, β = 91.9°, and diffracts to 3.0 Å resolution. For the purpose of structure determination, a heavy-atom derivative search was carried out and some mercuric derivatives were found to be promising. Structure analysis by the multiple isomorphous replacement method is now under way.
Structure of ribosomal protein L30 from Thermus thermophilus at 1.9 Å resolution: conformational flexibility of the molecule
Authors: Fedorov Roman , Nevskaya Natalia , Khairullina Alphia , Tishchenko Svetlana , Mikhailov Albert , Garber Maria , Nikonov Stanislav 
Published: July 2002

The crystal structure of ribosomal protein L30 from the extreme thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus has been determined at 1.9 Å resolution. The crystals are trigonal and belong to space group P3221, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 63.5, c = 77.8 Å, α = β = 90, γ = 120° and two molecules per asymmetric unit. The structure was solved by the molecular-replacement method with AMoRe and refined with X-PLOR to an R value of 20.3% and an R
free of 25.3% in the resolution range 8–1.9 Å. Detailed analyses of the structures of the two molecules in the asymmetric unit and comparison of T. thermophilus L30 structure with the structure of homologous L30 from Bacillus stearothermophilus reveal two flexible regions at opposite ends of the rather elongated molecule. Such flexibility could be important for the protein fitting in the ribosome. A comparison with B. stearothermophilus L30 shows a higher number of salt bridges and unbound positively charged residues and an increased accessible hydrophobic area on the surface of T. thermophilus L30. This could contribute to the stability of both the extreme thermophile protein and the ribosome as a whole.
Disulfide structure of alfimeprase: A recombinant analog of fibrolase
Authors: Jones Geoff , Ronk Michael , Mori Faith , Zhang Zhongqi 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe disulfide structure of alfimeprase, a recombinant analog of fibrolase, was experimentally determined by a combination of peptide mapping, Edman degradation, and mass spectrometry. The three disulfide bonds were determined to be Cys‐116/196, Cys‐156 /180, and Cys‐158/163 with the residue number system of alfimeprase.
Solution nuclear magnetic resonance structure of a protein disulfide oxidoreductase from Methanococcus jannaschii
Authors: Cave John W. , Cho Ho S. , Batchelder Abigail M. , Yokota Hisao , Kim Rosalind , Wemmer David E. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe solution structure of the protein disulfide oxidoreductase Mj0307 in the reduced form has been solved by nuclear magnetic resonance. The secondary and tertiary structure of this protein from the archaebacterium Methanococcus jannaschii is similar to the structures that have been solved for the glutaredoxin proteins from Escherichia coli, although Mj0307 also shows features that are characteristic of thioredoxin proteins. Some aspects of Mj0307's unique behavior can be explained by comparing structure‐based sequence alignments with mesophilic bacterial and eukaryotic glutaredoxin and thioredoxin proteins. It is proposed that Mj0307, and similar archaebacterial proteins, may be most closely related to the mesophilic bacterial NrdH proteins. Together these proteins may form a unique subgroup within the family of protein disulfide oxidoreductases.
Ligand‐modulation of the stability of the glucose transporter GLUT 1
Authors: Epand Raquel F. , Epand Richard M. , Jung Chan Y. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe glucose transporter GLUT 1 was isolated from human erythrocytes and reconstituted into endogenous membrane lipids. Results from thermal denaturation studies, using differential scanning calorimetry, indicate that the thermal denaturation temperature of GLUT 1 is significantly lower in the presence of ATP. The lowering of this transition temperature is very dependent on pH. At more acidic pH, ATP has a greater effect of lowering the thermal denaturation temperature of the protein. For example, with 4.8 mM ATP, the denaturation endotherm is lowered by over 10 degrees at pH 4.3, whereas at pH 7.4, ATP does not alter this transition temperature. However, a change in pH alone, in the absence of ATP, has very little effect on the denaturation temperature. Both glucose and salt partially reverse the lowering of the temperature of thermal denaturation caused by ATP. Studies of acrylamide quenching of the Trp residues of GLUT 1 indicate that at neutral pH, ATP increases the Stern‐Volmer quenching constant, while glucose lowers it. The results indicate that ATP binds to GLUT 1 and destabilizes the native structure, leading to a lowering of the thermal denaturation temperature and an increase in acrylamide quenching. The effects of ATP are reversed in part by glucose and are also partly electrostatic in nature.