bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming growth factor-β1 induces connective tissue growth factor expression and promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer
Authors: Lv Ling , Liu Fu-Rong , Na Di , Xu Hui-Mian , Wang Zhen-Ning , Jiang Cheng-Gang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is involved in human cancer development and progression. Nonetheless, the role of TGF-β1 as regards peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer has not been completely characterized. In the present study, we investigated the exact role of TGF-β1 on peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. The results indicated that human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) exposed to TGF-β1 or serum-free conditional medium (SF-CM) of SGC7901 that produced a large amount of TGF-β1 became exfoliated, apoptosis and exhibited signs of injury, and the tumor-mesothelial cell adhesion significantly increased. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression was also increased when HPMCs were exposed to TGF-β1 or SF-CM of SGC7901. However, these effects were significantly decreased when HPMCs were exposed to SF-CM of SGC7901-TGFβS, a TGF-β1 knockdown stable cell line. Animal studies revealed that nude mice injected with SGC7901-TGFβS cells featured a smaller number of peritoneal seeding nodules and lower expression of CTGF in ascites than the control cell lines. These findings suggest that TGF-β1 promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer and induces CTGF expression. Therefore, blockage of TGF-β1 or TGF-β1 signaling pathway might prevent and treat peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.
Gewichtsänderung als unerwünschte Arzneimittelwirkung
Authors: Engeli Stefan , May Marcus 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Gewichtsänderungen als ungewollte Folge der Arzneimitteltherapie sind nicht ungewöhnlich, werden aber oft übersehen oder ignoriert oder – mangels therapeutischer Alternativen – in Kauf genommen.
Methodik Selektive Literatursuche.
Ergebnisse Zu den wichtigsten Arzneimitteln, die zu ungewolltem Gewichtsverlust führen, gehören Bupropion, Fluoxetin, Topiramat, Zonisamid und die Antidementiva Donepezil, Rivastigmin und Galantamin. Zu den wichtigsten Arzneimitteln, die zu ungewollter Gewichtszunahme führen, gehören verschiedene Neuroleptika und Antidepressiva, außerdem Insuline, Sulfonylharnstoffe und manche Immunsuppressiva.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Beurteilung ungewollter Gewichtsänderungen durch Arzneimittel hängt von einer Vielzahl von Faktoren ab, die in Studien oft nicht berichtet und erst recht nicht kontrolliert werden. Dies bedingt eine insgesamt schlechte Evidenzlage. Der Umgang mit unerwünschten Gewichtsänderungen durch Arzneimittel erfordert umfassende klinische und therapeutische Kenntnisse, um prophylaktisch agieren oder eine sinnvolle Therapieumstellung vornehmen zu können.
Associations of Thyroid Hormones and Resting Heart Rate in Patients
Referred to Coronary Angiography
Authors: Steinberger Eva , Pilz Stefan , Trummer Christian , Theiler-Schwetz Verena , Reichhartinger Markus , Benninger Thomas , Pandis Marlene , Malle Oliver , Keppel Martin H. , Verheyen Nicolas , Grübler Martin R. , Voelkl Jakob , Meinitzer Andreas , März Winfried 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResting heart rate (RHR) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality. Thyroid hormones exert several effects on the
cardiovascular system, but the relation between thyroid function and RHR remains
to be further established. We evaluated whether measures of thyroid hormone
status are associated with RHR in patients referred to coronary angiography.
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin
(FT4), and RHR were determined in 2795 participants of the Ludwigshafen Risk and
Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study. Median (25th to 75th percentile) serum
concentrations were 1.25 (0.76–1.92) mU/l for TSH, 4.8
(4.2–5.3) pmol/l for FT3 and 17.1
(15.4-19.0) pmol/l for FT4, and mean (±standard
deviation) RHR was 68.8 (±11.7) beats/min. Comparing the highest
versus the lowest quartile, RHR (beats/min) was significantly higher in
the fourth FT4 quartile [3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI):
2.23–4.73; p <0.001] and in the fourth FT3 quartile (2.30,
95% CI: 1.06–3.55; p <0.001), but there was no
significant difference for TSH quartiles. In multiple linear regression analyses
adjusting for various potential confounders, FT3 and FT4 were significant
predictors of RHR (p <0.001 for both). In subgroups restricted to TSH,
FT3, and FT4 values within the reference range, both FT3 and FT4 remained
significant predictors of RHR (p <0.001 for all). In conclusion, in
patients referred to coronary angiography, FT3 and FT4 but not TSH were
positively associated with RHR. The relationship between free thyroid hormones
and RHR warrants further investigations regarding its diagnostic and therapeutic
implications.
Anorectal Physiology Testing for Prolapse—What Tests are Necessary?
Authors: Kwakye Gifty , Maguire Lillias Holmes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRectal prolapse frequently occurs in conjunction with functional and anatomic abnormalities of the bowel and pelvic floor. Prolapse surgery should have as its goal not only to correct the prolapse, but also to improve function to the greatest extent possible. Careful history-taking and physical exam continue to be the surgeon's best tools to put rectal prolapse in its functional context. Physiologic testing augments this and informs surgical decision-making. Defecography can identify concomitant middle compartment prolapse and pelvic floor hernias, potentially targeting patients for urogynecologic consultation or combined repair. Other tests, including manometry, ultrasound, and electrophysiologic testing, may be of utility in select cases. Here, we provide an overview of available testing options and their individual utility in rectal prolapse.
A Collaborative Approach to Multicompartment Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Gurland Brooke , Mishra Kavita 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMulticompartment pelvic organ prolapse is common yet frequently underreported and unrecognized. Although not life-threatening, the impact on quality of life and daily functioning can be significant. Multidisciplinary evaluation and treatment with specialists in colorectal and female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery (FPMRS) help to identify patients who will benefit from surgical treatment of vaginal and rectal prolapse. Both abdominal and perineal combined procedures can be offered to patients with a single operation and concurrent recovery period without increasing complications.
Direct or Collateral Liver Damage in SARS-CoV-2–Infected Patients
Authors: Lizardo-Thiebaud Maria J. , Cervantes-Alvarez Eduardo , Limon-de la Rosa Nathaly , Tejeda-Dominguez Farid , Palacios-Jimenez Mildred , Méndez-Guerrero Osvely , Delaye-Martinez Marco , Rodriguez-Alvarez Fatima , Romero-Morales Beatriz , Liu Wei-Hui , Huang Christene A. , Kershenobich David , Navarro-Alvarez Nalu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLiver injury can result from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with more than one-third of COVID-19 patients exhibiting elevated liver enzymes. Microvesicular steatosis, inflammation, vascular congestion, and thrombosis in the liver have been described in autopsy samples from COVID-19 patients. Several factors, including direct cytopathic effect of the virus, immune-mediated collateral damage, or an exacerbation of preexisting liver disease may contribute to liver pathology in COVID-19. Due to its immunological functions, the liver is an organ likely to participate in the viral response against SARS-CoV-2 and this may predispose it to injury. A better understanding of the mechanism contributing to liver injury is needed to develop and implement early measures to prevent serious liver damage in patients suffering from COVID-19. This review summarizes current reports of SARS-CoV-2 with an emphasis on how direct infection and subsequent severe inflammatory response may contribute to liver injury in patients with and without preexisting liver disease.
Superior Strategy in Benign Tracheal Stenosis Treatment: Surgery or Endoscopy?
Authors: Aydogmus Umit , Kis Argun , Ugurlu Erhan , Ozturk Gokhan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Due to the variations in (laryngeal) tracheal stenosis (TS) patient groups, there is still no consensus on which patient should be treated with endoscopy or surgery. The aim of the present study was to generate an algorithm in the light of the related literature and the data obtained from a clinic where both endoscopic and surgical treatments are conducted.
Method A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of a total of 56 patients during 2013 to 2019. A total of 38 patients were subject to surgery with 31 as a first treatment option and 7 due to the unsatisfactory results of endoscopic treatments. Endoscopic approaches were tried on a total of 29 patients with 25 as initial treatment and 4 due to postsurgical recurrence.
Results Symptomatic full control ratio was determined as 69% with endoscopic treatments, 89.5% in subglottic stenosis (SGS) surgery (n = 19), and 89.5% in trachea surgery (n = 19). However, success rates with no recurrence were determined, respectively, as 40.0, 36.4, and 36.4% for patients subject to dilatation, stent, or T tube treatment. Dilatation was observed to be successful in patients with stenotic segment lengths of less than 1.5 cm (p = 0.02). Failure rates increased in SGS (p = 0.03) and TS (p = 0.12) in the surgical group with increasing stenotic segment length. The presence of comorbidities was not effective on treatment success.
Conclusion Endoscopic methods are preferred in cases of web-like stenosis. Surgical methods should first be considered for other patients and endoscopic methods should be used on patients who are not suited for surgery or in cases of postsurgical recurrence.
Mannitol Is Associated with Less Postoperative Delirium after Aortic Valve Surgery in Patients Treated with Bretschneider Cardioplegia
Authors: Hamiko Marwan , Charitos Efstratios I. , Velten Markus , Hilbert Tobias , Putensen Christian , Treede Hendrik , Duerr Georg Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground Heart surgery with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) often leads to postoperative delirium (POD). This is associated with increased morbidity resulting in longer hospital stay and associated costs. The purpose of our study was to analyze the effect of intraoperative mannitol application on POD in patients undergoing elective aortic valve replacement (AVR).Materials and Methods In our retrospective single-center study, 259 patients underwent elective AVR, using Bretschneider cardioplegic solution for cardiac arrest, between 2014 and 2017. Patients were divided in mannitol (n = 188) and nonmannitol (n = 71) groups. POD was assessed using the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (ICU). Statistical significance was assumed at p < 0.05.Results Baseline patient characteristics did not differ between the groups. Incidence of POD was significantly higher in the nonmannitol group (33.8 vs. 13.8%; p = 0.001). These patients required longer ventilation time (24.1 vs. 17.1 hours; p = 0.021), higher reintubation rate (11.3 vs. 2.7%; p = 0.009), ICU readmission (12.7 vs. 4.8%; p = 0.026), prolonged ICU (112 vs. 70 hours; p = 0.040), and hospital stay (17.8 vs. 12.6 days; p < 0.001), leading to higher expenses (19,349 € vs. 16,606 €, p < 0.001). A 30-day mortality was not affected, but nonmannitol group showed higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II score (32.2 vs. 28.7; p < 0.001). Mannitol substitution was independently associated with lower incidence of POD (odds ratio: 0.40; 95% confidence interval: 0.18–0.89; p = 0.02).Conclusion Treatment with mannitol during ECC was associated with decreased incidence of POD. This was accompanied by shorter ventilation time, ICU and hospital stay, and lower treatment expenses.
A Diagnosed Case of COVID-19 Treated with Homoeopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Kovilacar Rajesh , Misra Pankhuri 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared as public health emergency of international concern. India is also facing this crisis with increasing number of patients being reported day by day. Here, we present a case report of COVID-19-positive patient treated with homoeopathy.
Case Profile A 60-year-old female patient with fever for 4 days, cough and difficulty in breathing, headache, sore throat, loose stools and frequent urination with burning and generalised weakness for 7 days was considered for treatment in the present study. Based on the symptomatology, Arsenicum album 30 and Bryonia alba 30 were prescribed to her.
Conclusion A patient of COVID-19 was successfully treated by homoeopathic medicines based on symptom similarity. Individualised homoeopathic intervention with precautionary measures can be an answer to the ongoing crisis.
Johanson–Blizzard's Syndrome with a Novel UBR1 Mutation
Authors: Demir Damla , Kendir Demirkol Yasemin , Gerenli Nelgin , Aktaş Karabay Ezgi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractJohanson–Blizzard syndrome (JBS) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, a distinct abnormal facial appearance and varying degrees of growth retardation. Ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 1 (UBR1) gene mutations are responsible for the syndrome. Here, we describe a 2-month-old female infant, who presented with oily diarrhea, facial dysmorphia, scalp defect, hearing defects, and growth impairment. Molecular genetic testing revealed a novel frameshift mutation in UBR1, c.4027_4028 del (p.Leu1343Valfs*7), which was not previously described in JBS in the literature.
Biotin–Thiamine Responsive Basal Ganglia Disease Presented as Intractable Seizure in a 1-Month-Old Infant
Authors: Verlani Jaya , Agarwal Sheetal , Singh Dhirendra P. , Nandan Devki , Singh Ruby 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBiotin–thiamine responsive basal ganglia disease is a neurometabolic disorder, seen in children presenting with encephalopathy, seizures, and positive family history. The disease is diagnosed based on typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and whole exome sequencing but may be initially misdiagnosed as a mitochondrial encephalopathy or an inborn error of metabolism (IEM). We describe the case of an infant who presented with uncontrolled seizures and encephalopathy, responding to high doses of thiamine and biotin. Life-long supplementation of biotin (2–10 mg/kg/day) and thiamine (200–300 mg/day) improves the symptomatology and prevents relapse. Outcomes of the disease are heterogeneous, ranging in scope from complete remission to severe neurological sequelae.
Electrodeposition of lanthanides from ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Rudnev Alexander V. 
Published: September 2020

Lanthanides belong to the most important raw materials and are highly demanded in high-tech industry. Low-temperature electrochemical deposition of lanthanides and lanthanide-based alloys for recycling and obtaining functional materials can provide a real alternative to the currently used high-temperature electrolysis of molten salts. The review summarizes the advancements in the field of electrodeposition of lanthanides from organic ionic systems, such as ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents. The growing interest in these ionic systems is due to their excellent physicochemical properties, in particular non-volatility, thermal and electrochemical stability. The review also discusses further prospects and potential of the electrochemical approach for obtaining lanthanide-containing advanced materials.
The bibliography includes 219 references.
Polar amplification of Pliocene climate by elevated trace gas radiative forcing
Authors: Hopcroft Peter O. , Ramstein Gilles , Pugh Thomas A. M. , Hunter Stephen J. , Murguia-Flores Fabiola , Quiquet Aurélien , Sun Yong , Tan Ning , Valdes Paul J. 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceWarm periods in Earth’s history provide the only empirical evidence of how the climate system responds to raised atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. The Middle Pliocene, 3.3 to 3.0 My B.P., was the last time when CO2levels were as high as today. However, climate model simulations of the Pliocene underestimate the warming that has been reconstructed from geological archives. Using a numerical model of the global methane cycle we show that the inclusion of enhanced concentrations of non-CO2trace gases could have been responsible for an additional warming of 0.6 to 1.0 °C, with larger increases over northern land masses. These findings demonstrate the importance of trace gas climate forcing for both the Pliocene and potentially warm periods during much of Earth’s recent history.
The roles of SDHAF2 and dicarboxylate in covalent flavinylation of SDHA, the human complex II flavoprotein
Authors: Sharma Pankaj , Maklashina Elena , Cecchini Gary , Iverson T. M. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Complex II is a membrane-spanning machine that supports respiration in all kingdoms. Complex II insufficiency can result from mutations in any of the genes encoding its subunits or from incorrect assembly. Here, we evaluate how a small molecule dicarboxylate works in synergy with the SDHAF2 assembly factor to promote covalent attachment of FAD to the SDHA subunit. We determine the structure of the human SDHA-SDHAF2 assembly intermediate with the dicarboxylate oxaloacetate and reveal how this pose contributes to complex II maturation. Our findings provide the structure of a part of human complex II and identify how SDHAF2 and the dicarboxylate organize the active site. Comparison to previous work reveals that multiple catalytic states change the active site parameters.
Local lockdowns outperform global lockdown on the far side of the COVID-19 epidemic curve
Authors: Karatayev Vadim A. , Anand Madhur , Bauch Chris T. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
During the COVID-19 pandemic, decision makers are grappling with how to reopen (and possibly reclose) their jurisdictions as the number of cases ebbs and flows. Establishing a criterion for each county/municipality to open and close based on their case count has appeal, given the wide disparity in COVID-19 rates in urban versus rural settings. Our simulation model is based on the geography, epidemiology, and travel patterns of Ontario, Canada. It shows that the county-by-county approach causes fewer days of closure and impacts fewer people than a strategy that opens or closes the entire province together. This is true even if individuals begin traveling to reopened counties with higher frequency. The county-by-county strategy is most effective when the criteria are coordinated.
Quasi-probability distributions in loop quantum cosmology
Authors: Berra-Montiel Jasel , Molgado Alberto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a complete family of parametrized quasi-probability distributions in phase space and their corresponding Weyl quantization maps with the aim to generalize the recently developed Wigner–Weyl formalism within the loop quantum cosmology (LQC) program. In particular, we intend to define those quasi-distributions for states valued on the Bohr compactification of the real line in such a way that they are labeled by a parameter that accounts for the ordering ambiguity corresponding to non-commutative quantum operators. Hence, we notice that the projections of the parametrized quasi-probability distributions result in marginal probability densities which are invariant under any ordering prescription. We also note that, in opposition to the standard Schrödinger representation, for an arbitrary character the quasi-distributions determine a positive function independently of the ordering. Further, by judiciously implementing a parametric-ordered Weyl quantization map for LQC, we are able to recover in a simple manner the relevant cases of the standard, anti-standard, and Weyl symmetric orderings, respectively. We expect that our results may serve to analyze several fundamental aspects within the LQC program, in special those related to coherence, squeezed states, and the convergence of operators, as extensively analyzed in the quantum optics and in the quantum information frameworks.
Energy distribution of interface states generated by oxygen plasma treatment for control of threshold voltage in pentacene thin-film transistors
Authors: Kimura Yoshinari , Hattori Yoshiaki , Kitamura Masatoshi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Pentacene metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors with a SiO2 dielectric treated by oxygen plasma have been studied by capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements to investigate the energy distribution of the interface states. Oxygen plasma treatment, which is used for control of the threshold voltage in pentacene thin-film transistors, shifted the C-V curves of pentacene MOS capacitors to a positive gate voltage as well as the transfer curves of pentacene thin-film transistors (TFTs). The shift is explained by electrons captured at interface states generated by oxygen plasma treatment. The interface states capturing the electrons are expected to locate at low energy levels. The energy distribution of the interface states locating at middle or high energy levels was extracted by a method equivalent to the Terman method. By use of the method in two steps, the interface state densities distributed at middle and high energy levels (D
M and D
H) were separately obtained. D
M and D
H were of the order of 1010–1012 cm−2 eV−1, and increased with an increase in plasma treatment time.
Quantum oscillations with angular dependence in PdTe2 single crystals
Authors: Chapai Ramakanta , Browne D A , Graf David E , DiTusa J F , Jin Rongying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The layered transition-metal dichalcogenide PdTe2 has been discovered to possess bulk Dirac points as well as topological surface states. By measuring the magnetization (up to 7 T) and magnetic torque (up to 35 T) in single crystalline PdTe2, we observe distinct de Haas–van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations. Eight frequencies are identified with H||c, with two low frequencies (F
α = 8 T and F
β = 117 T) dominating the spectrum. The effective masses obtained by fitting the Lifshitz–Kosevich (LK) equation to the data are

m

α

*

=
0.059

m

0

and

m

β

*

=
0.067

m

0

where m
0 is the free electron mass. The corresponding Landau fan diagrams allow the determination of the Berry phase for these oscillations resulting in values of ∼0.67π for the 3D α band (hole-type) (down to the 1st Landau level) and ∼0.23π–0.73π for the 3D β band (electron-type) (down to the 3rd Landau level). By investigating the angular dependence of the dHvA oscillations, we find that the frequencies and the corresponding Berry phase (ΦB) vary with the field direction, with a ΦB ∼ 0 when H is 10°–30° away from the ab plane for both α and β bands. The multiple band nature of PdTe2 is further confirmed from Hall effect measurements.