bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Covid-19 outbreak among healthcare workers at the Treviso Regional Hospital, Italy and lessons for ophthalmologists
Authors: Grosso Andrea , Rigoli Roberto , Formentini Stefano , Di Perri Giovanni , Scotton Piergiorgio , Dapavo Giancarlo , Fioretto Mauro , Scarpa Giuseppe 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To describe a strategy to reduce Covid-19 spread among healthcare workers and provide ophthalmologists with recommendations useful for a possible second wave of Covid-19 in Autumn. Methods: Epidemiological surveillance at the Cà Foncello Hospital (Veneto, Italy) since 24 February 2020 to 24 April 2020 when the municipality of Treviso was hit by the Covid-19 outbreak. The number of naso-pharigeal (NP) swabs performed was 7010. Results: The number of infected among healthcare workers was 209/ 3924 (5.32%): medical doctors: 28 cases / 498 (5.6%). None among ophthalmologists; specialized nurses: 86/1294 (6.4%) None in the ophthalmic unit; intermediate care technicians: 68/463 (14.7%). The 46% of the positive tested were asymptomatic. We share key suggested actions for the reorganization in ophthalmological services: be part of a global epidemiological local strategy of containment (Testing, Tracing, Treating); protect your department: Keep on screening patients by telephone interview before entering the hospital; promote continuous and appropriate use of PPE both for doctors and for patients; make any effort to obtain a continuous flow of patients in every line of the ophthalmic service; treat appropriately any single patient with vision threatening condition; avoid unnecessary or futile testings and examinations. Conclusion: The Treviso model shows that it is possible and safe to keep on performing high risk hospital activities like ophthalmology, even in the epicenter of covid outbreak, if adequate actions are performed. We discuss about the value of NP swabs and serological tests as a strategy in case of a second wave of infections.
Identification of Circulating miR-762 as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chen Lei , Li Yunxia , Lu Jingshu 
Published: December 2020

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play critical roles in tumorigenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and circulating miRNAs are a valuable source of biomarkers for the clinical management of NSCLC. The aim of this study was to determine the value of serum miR-762 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for NSCLC. Methods: We examined circulating miR-762 expression in 148 NSCLC patients and 60 healthy individuals using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effect of miR-762 downregulation on the proliferative capacity of NSCLC cells were also explored. Results: The serum miR-762 levels were significantly upregulated in NSCLC patients compared to the healthy individuals. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis revealed that circulating miR-762, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CYFRA21-1 and a combination of these 3 biomarkers yield the areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.874, 0.826, 0.41 and 0.969, respectively. Interestingly, circulating miR-762 identified the NSCLC patients at the clinical stage I from healthy controls with an AUC value of 0.920. In addition, serum miR-762 expression was significantly correlated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, histological grade and gefitinib-resistance. The survival analysis showed that NSCLC patients in the high serum miR-762 group suffered worse overall survival and relapse-free survival than those in the low serum miR-762 group. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed high circulating miR-762 was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor. Downregulation of miR-762 significantly suppressed the proliferative capacity of NSCLC cells in vitro, and bioinformatic analysis of the potential downstream targets of miR-762 identified many important cancer-associated pathways. Conclusions: In conclusion, serum miR-762 might serve as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for the NSCLC.
The Prognostic Value of Body Mass Index in Patients With Urothelial Carcinoma After Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Zhiqiang , Bai Yunjin , Hu Xu , Wang Xiaoming , Han Ping 
Published: December 2020

Background: The clinical evidence of body mass index (BMI) for survival has increased in urothelial carcinoma (UC). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of BMI on the oncologic outcomes of patients with UC after surgery. Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library. We collected hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) on cancer specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) from the studies including upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UCB). Results: A total of 13 studies comprising over 12,200 patients were enrolled in the quantitative synthesis. Compared with normal weight, overweight was associated with better CSS (HR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.79-0.95) and RFS (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96). Meanwhile, we found that obese patients had worse CSS (HR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.03-1.26), OS (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.19-1.44) and RFS (HR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.12-1.37). We observed that underweight was associated with inferior CSS (HR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.54-2.26) in UTUC patients. Conclusions: Overweight was a protective factor for patients with UC after surgery, while obesity and underweight predicted unfavorable survival. Individual BMI may be considered for prognostication after surgeries and patient stratification for clinical trials.
The single-monitor trial: an embedded CADe system increased adenoma detection during colonoscopy: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Liu Peixi , Wang Pu , Glissen Brown Jeremy R. , Berzin Tyler M. , Zhou Guanyu , Liu Weihui , Xiao Xun , Chen Ziyang , Zhang Zhihong , Zhou Chao , Lei Lei , Xiong Fei , Li Liangping , Liu Xiaogang 
Published: December 2020

Background: Computer-aided detection (CADe) of colon polyps has been demonstrated to improve colon polyp and adenoma detection during colonoscopy by indicating the location of a given polyp on a parallel monitor. The aim of this study was to investigate whether embedding the CADe system into the primary colonoscopy monitor may serve to increase polyp and adenoma detection, without increasing physician fatigue level. Methods: Consecutive patients presenting for colonoscopies were prospectively randomized to undergo routine colonoscopy with or without the assistance of a real-time polyp detection CADe system. Fatigue level was evaluated from score 0 to 10 by the performing endoscopists after each colonoscopy procedure. The main outcome was adenoma detection rate (ADR). Results: Out of 790 patients analyzed, 397 were randomized to routine colonoscopy (control group), and 393 to a colonoscopy with computer-aided diagnosis (CADe group). The ADRs were 20.91% and 29.01%, respectively (OR = 1.546, 95% CI 1.116–2.141, p = 0.009). The average number of adenomas per colonoscopy (APC) was 0.29 and 0.48, respectively (Change Folds = 1.64, 95% CI 1.299–2.063, p < 0.001). The improvement in polyp detection was mainly due to increased detection of non-advanced diminutive adenomas, serrated adenoma and hyperplastic polyps. The fatigue score for each procedure was 3.28 versus 3.40 for routine and CADe group, p = 0.357. Conclusions: A real-time CADe system employed on the primary endoscopy monitor may lead to improvements in ADR and polyp detection rate without increasing fatigue level during colonoscopy. The integration of a low-latency and high-performance CADe systems may serve as an effective quality assurance tool during colonoscopy. www.chictr.org.cn number, ChiCTR1800018058.
Hyperchloremia in critically ill patients: association with outcomes and prediction using electronic health record data
Authors: Yeh Pete , Pan Yiheng , Sanchez-Pinto L. Nelson , Luo Yuan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncreased chloride in the context of intravenous fluid chloride load and serum chloride levels (hyperchloremia) have previously been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in select subpopulations of intensive care unit (ICU) patients (e.g patients with sepsis). Here, we study the general ICU population of the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database to corroborate these associations, and propose a supervised learning model for the prediction of hyperchloremia in ICU patients.MethodsWe assessed hyperchloremia and chloride load and their associations with several outcomes (ICU mortality, new acute kidney injury [AKI] by day 7, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome [MODS] on day 7) using regression analysis. Four predictive supervised learning classifiers were trained to predict hyperchloremia using features representative of clinical records from the first 24h of adult ICU stays.ResultsHyperchloremia was shown to have an independent association with increased odds of ICU mortality, new AKI by day 7, and MODS on day 7. High chloride load was also associated with increased odds of ICU mortality. Our best performing supervised learning model predicted second-day hyperchloremia with an AUC of 0.76 and a number needed to alert (NNA) of 7—a clinically-actionable rate.ConclusionsOur results support the use of predictive models to aid clinicians in monitoring for and preventing hyperchloremia in high-risk patients and offers an opportunity to improve patient outcomes.
Development of prediction model through linear multiple regression for the prediction of longitudinal stiffness of embroidered fabric
Authors: Dutta Anirban , Chatterjee Biswapati 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEmbroidery through computer aided semi-automatic machines is one of the most widely used option for the surface ornamentation of apparel fabrics at present. Since the embroidery process includes addition of certain amount of embroidery-threads depending upon the design motif, it is quite obvious that basic physical and functional properties of fabric are subject to change. It is therefore important to develop an algorithm or empirical equation for proper prediction of the properties of the embroidered fabric, relevant to its required end-use in apparel industry. In this context, an effort has been made to determine a prediction equation through linear multiple regressions for the prediction of longitudinal stiffness of embroidered fabric in terms of flexural rigidity in warp direction of the base fabric, considering the input parameters as warp-way flexural rigidity of the base fabric, breaking load and linear density of the embroidery thread, stitch density, average stitch length and average stitch angle of the embroidery design. The final Prediction model is statistically verified taking new embroidery samples of different varieties. It is found that the model can predict with a very satisfactory level of accuracy. Also, the influences of the embroidery parameters in this context have been analyzed through the corresponding regression coefficients and the three dimensional (3D) surface curves. Stitch density has been emerged as the most influential parameter, followed by the stitch length and the stitch angle.
Diet quality, weight loss, and diabetes incidence in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)
Authors:   DPP Research Group, Allaire Benjamin T. , Tjaden Ashley H. , Venditti Elizabeth M. , Apolzan John W. , Dabelea Dana , Delahanty Linda M. , Edelstein Sharon L. , Hoskin Mary A. , Temple Karla A. , Wylie-Rosett Judith , Jaacks Lindsay M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated whether diet quality is a predictor of weight loss and reduced diabetes risk, independent of caloric intake in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) cohort, a randomized clinical trial of adults at risk for diabetes.MethodsThis secondary analysis included 2914 participants with available data (964 intensive lifestyle (ILS), 977 metformin, 973 placebo). Dietary intake was assessed using a 117-item food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was quantified using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI). AHEI ranges from 0 to 110, with higher scores corresponding to higher quality diets. ILS participants had greater improvement (p < 0.001) in AHEI over 1-year (4.2 ± 9.0) compared to metformin (1.2 ± 8.5) and placebo (1.4 ± 8.4). We examined the association between AHEI change and weight change from baseline to 1-year using linear regression, and that between 1-year AHEI change and incident diabetes, using hazard models over an average 3 years follow-up. Models were evaluated within treatment group and adjusted for relevant characteristics including caloric intake, physical activity, BMI and AHEI. Models testing incident diabetes were further adjusted for baseline fasting and 2 h glucose.ResultsAn increase in AHEI score was associated with weight loss in ILS [β per 10-point increase (SE) -1.2 kg (0.3,p < 0.001)], metformin [− 0. 90 kg (0.2,p < 0.001)] and placebo [− 0.55 kg (0.2,p = 0.01)]. However, AHEI change was not associated with incident diabetes in any group before or after adjustment for weight change.ConclusionsControlling for weight, diet quality was not associated with diabetes incidence but helps achieve weight loss, an important factor in diabetes prevention.
Role of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injection in treatment of rotator cuff tear
Authors: El Gharbawy Nermin Hassan , Labib Hossam Salaheldin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne of the commonest causes of shoulder pain and disability is partial thickness tear of the rotator cuff. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is a volume of the plasma fraction of autologous blood that has platelet concentration above the baseline. It is theorized that PRP may help stimulate the development of normal-appearing histologic tissue characteristics at the repair site and improve clinical outcomes. Our purpose is to assess the efficacy of PRP therapy in treatment of rotator cuff tear. This prospective single-center study involved 30 patients (aged 31.7 ± 7.7 years, 63.3% males) complaining of symptomatic rotator cuff tear. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection was done to all patients. Before and after injection of PRP, scoring was done using visual analog score, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), and musculoskeletal ultrasound scoring of the tear. Reassessment was done 4 weeks after the injections.ResultsThe pre-injection VAS pain score was 7.1 ± 0.99 after injection, and it became 3.7 ± 1.09. Also, SPADI score decreased from 78.03 ± 8.25 pre-injection to 42.1 ± 13.97 post-injection. There was a highly statistically significant difference in VAS pain score and SPADI score before and after PRP injection (p< 0.001). There was highly statistically significant positive correlation between the improvement of US grading score change and the improvement of VAS score change, and between it and SPADI improvement change (r= 0.695,p< 0.001 andr= 0.693,p< 0.001, respectively). There was a highly statistically significant difference between US grading score before and after PRP injection (p< 0.001).ConclusionPRP can be considered an effective method for treatment of rotator cuff tear and less invasive compared to surgical treatment. It improves the pain, shoulder function, and tear size.
Espaço abstrato e espaço diferencial: a compreensão do direito à cidade em Henri Lefebvre / Abstract and differential spaces: keys to understanding the right to the city in Henti Lefebvre
Authors: Silva Diego Coimbra Barcelos da , Calgaro Cleide , Hermany Ricardo 
Published: December 2020

ResumoO presente trabalho possui o objetivo de fornecer uma visão panorâmica acerca das ancoragens teóricas da noção de direito à cidade, enquanto projeto orientador de uma hipótese virtual e possível, definida como sociedade urbana. Para tanto, através da revisão bibliográfica, recorre-se à reflexão acerca de alguns elementos, cuja análise se mostra fundamental para a delimitação do campo teórico em que o pensamento se constrói, na obra de Henri Lefebvre, especialmente no que concerne às categorias espaço abstrato e espaço diferencial. Conclui-se que a partir do estudo da obra de Lefebvre que o direito a cidade se constitui em um espaço de investigação onde é possível pensar os processos históricos assumidos em diferentes escalas até chegar a atualidade. Deste modo, o direito à cidade é adequado e objetiva fundir os conflitos e os processos urbanos com a produção do conhecimento socioespacial, permitindo a transformação do saber e da realidade da urbe.Palavras-chave: Henri Lefebvre; direito à cidade; sociedade urbana; espaço abstrato; espaço diferencial. AbstractThis article aims to provide a different angle of view about the theoretical anchors of the original notion of the right to the city, in Henri Lefebvre. Therefore, through literature review, of a qualitative-exploratory character, a dialectical reflection about the characteristics of the right to the city project is used, from the perspective of the spatial theory developed by the author at a later point in his work. Within this scope, and for the purposes of this study, the notions of “abstract space” and “differential space” were especially taken as analytical categories. In constant mobilization, these phenomena interact dialectically, and constitute the fundamental antithesis between domination and appropriation of the city, whose scan is promising for a particular understanding of the theoretical field in which the project of the right to the city is built on the work of Lefebvre. This analysis results in the understanding of the right to the city as a claim, which is established in the conflictive dialectic between two socio-spatial segments, present since the modern city: the abstract space, where the reason of State, the law and the capitalist ideology are allied in the project of homogenization of the society, and the differential space, founded on social relations rooted in the forms of using spaces that express ways of life that are resistant to the logic of capital.Keywords: Henri Lefebvre; right to the city; urban society; abstract space; differential space.
Projeto de intervenção urbana Vila Leopoldina-Villa-Lobos: resenha crítica sobre os principais aspectos jurídicos / Urban intervention project Vila Leopoldina-Villa-Lobos: critical review on the main legal aspects
Authors: Apparecido Junior Jose Antonio 
Published: December 2020

ResumoO presente artigo tem por objetivo realizar uma análise crítica do Projeto de Lei n. 428/2019, do Município de São Paulo, que tem por objeto estabelecer objetivos, diretrizes, estratégias e mecanismos para a implantação do Projeto de Intervenção Urbana Vila Leopoldina-Villa Lobos e cria a Área de Intervenção Urbana correspondente, naquele município. Para tanto, disserta inicialmente sobre a natureza e o conteúdo dos denominados “Projetos de Intervenção Urbana”, previstos na Lei Municipal n. 16.402/2014, o Plano Diretor Estratégico de São Paulo, delimitando suas finalidades e possibilidades de atuação. Após, analisa criticamente os dispositivos do apontado projeto de lei, tecendo considerações pertinentes às novidades em termos de proposta de regulação urbanística em si estabelecidos. O resultado do trabalho é a constatação de uma abordagem inovadora e diferenciada da instrumentação jurídica prevista no projeto de lei, já que elaborada de forma a atender especificamente aos termos de um projeto urbanístico derivado do plano diretor, ao mesmo tempo em que proporciona a implantação da política de desenvolvimento urbano nele previsto.Palavras-chave: Direito urbanístico. Projeto de Intervenção Urbana. Área de Intervenção Urbana. Potencial Construtivo Adicional. Regulação Urbanística. AbstractThe purpose of this article is to carry out a critical analysis of the mains aspects of Draft Law no. 428/2019, of the municipality of São Paulo City, whose purpose is to establish objectives, guidelines, strategies and mechanisms for the implementation of the Vila Leopoldina-Villa Lobos Urban Intervention Project (Projeto de Intervenção Urbana Vila Leopoldina-Villa Lobos) and create the corresponding Urban Intervention Area (Área de Intervenção Urbana) in that municipality. In order to do so, it first discusses the nature and content of the so-called "Urban Intervention Projects", provided for in Municipal Law n. 16,402/2014, the Strategic Master Plan of São Paulo (Plano Diretor Estratégico), delimiting its purposes and possibilities of action. Afterwards, it critically analyzes the provisions of the aforementioned bill, weaving considerations pertinent to the novelties in terms of the proposal of urban regulation itself established. The result of the work is the finding of an innovative and differentiated approach to the legal instrumentation envisaged in the draft law, since it is designed in order to specifically meet the terms of an urban project derived from the master plan, while at the same time providing the implementation of the urban development policy envisaged.Keywords: Urban Law. Urban Intervention Project. Urban Intervention Area. Additional Constructive Potential. Urban Regulation
Litigância responsável em processos relativos à saúde e eficiência do Poder Judiciário
Authors: Martins Marcelo Guerra , Faustino André , Reis Paulo Victor Alfeo 
Published: December 2020

RESUMO: Este artigo tem por objetivo abordar a hipótese da litigância responsável como pressuposto a ser observado nas ações judiciais concernentes à prestação de serviços de saúde por órgãos governamentais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa teórica, com dados extraídos de elementos legais, de doutrina (estudo bibliográfico) e de decisões judiciais. No bojo do estudo identifica-se que a atual crise do Poder Judiciário brasileiro tem como causas, dentre outras, o elevado número de processos, a demora na finalização das ações e a existência de um ambiente institucional que incentiva a litigância. Como primeiro resultado, o artigo identifica que essas causas, em conjunto, impedem ou dificultam uma adequada prestação jurisdicional nas ações que tenham como objeto o direito à saúde. Como segundo resultado, o artigo constata ser necessária a fixação de uma cultura voltada para a litigância responsável que induza à utilização racional do Poder Judiciário. O tema é de alta relevância, uma vez que possui relação direta com direitos constitucionais como a vida e a saúde, intimamente ligados à consecução da dignidade da pessoa humana.
Mães presas: palavras e desejos que não cabem na audiência
Authors: Pereira Jéssica Xavier , Braga Ana Gabriela Mendes 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo é fruto da pesquisa “Maternidades encarceradas e mães livres: “Acesso à justiça e direitos das mulheres presas” e teve por objetivo refletir acerca do acesso à justiça a partir das percepções e experiências da mãe presa no estado de São Paulo após o implemento do Marco Legal da Primeira Infância (Lei 13.257/16) e Habeas Corpus Coletivo (HC 143641). Foi analisado por método qualitativo entrevistas produzidas pelo IDDD com mulheres que tem a bagagem de exercerem a maternidade enquanto passam pelo sistema de justiça. Com a observação das experiencias buscou-se desprender como a mulher vem sendo tratada pela justiça no que diz respeito a um tratamento que contemple o acesso à justiça e está em conformidade com o Marco Legal da Primeira Infância e o Habeas Corpus Coletivo. A análise das entrevistas permitiu a conclusão de que estamos em um momento de ampliação da proteção do exercício da maternidade por mulheres em situação de prisão, porém o caminho do acesso a esses direitos não foi pavimentado. Ao contrário, subsistem discursos e práticas no sistema de justiça que, paradoxalmente, obstaculizam o próprio acesso à justiça, em um cenário de descaracterização das especificidades da mulher, afastando-as dos seus direitos.