bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring PrEP Preferences Among U.S. Military Men Who Have Sex with Men: Results of an Adaptive Choice Based Conjoint Analysis Study
Authors: Gutierrez Jose I , Dubov Alex , Altice Frederick , Vlahov David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) effectively prevents HIV infection, yet its uptake remains low among U.S. military men who have sex with men (MSM). Research shows that health services matching preferences produce favorable outcomes. Therefore, an early step for planning program design is to characterize and identify preferences for improved PrEP delivery within this population. METHODS. HIV-negative military MSM were recruited through a closed, LGBT military social media group. Participants completed an anonymous survey presenting five experimentally varied attributes of interest related to PrEP administration (dosing method, provider type, visit location, lab work evaluation location, and dispensing venue). Relative importance and part-worth utility scores were generated using Hierarchical Bayes (HB) estimation, and the randomized first choice model was used to examine participation interest across eight possible PrEP program scenarios.RESULTS. Among the 429 participants and the eight scenarios that varied the five attributes into delivery profiles, the most preferred scenarios featured a daily tablet, PrEP injection, or implant, along with a military provider, smartphone/telehealth visit, and on-base locations for lab evaluation and medication pick-up. Responses emphasized the importance for providers to be familiar with PrEP prescription knowledge, and to provide interactions sensitive to sexual identity and mental health. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a daily tablet PrEP program within a military setting is preferred over a civilian or off-site one, yet more importantly, it points to a high value placed on the quality of clinical interactions. High interest in long-acting implants and injections also suggest potential markets for future PrEP engagement. TRIAL REGISTRATION. Not applicable.
The effect of transfer funds to regions and village funds on human development index in districts of west java province in 2015-2018
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad Afrizal , Afendi Arif 
Published: December 2020

Purpose - This research aims to analyze the influence of the Revenue Sharing Fund, General Allocation Fund, Special Allocation Fund, and Village Fund on the level of Human Development Index in 18 Districts in West Java Province in 2015-2018.Method - The data used in this study were secondary. The Revenue Sharing Fund, General Allocation Fund, Special Allocation Fund, and Village Fund are obtained from the Central Government Financial Report from the Ministry of Finance. Meanwhile, the human development index data were obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regressions. Result - The results showed that the revenue sharing fund had a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index, the general allocation fund had a negative and significant effect on the human development index, the special allocation fund had a positive but insignificant effect on the human development index, while the village fund had a negative and insignificant effect on the human development index.Implication - This study provides information that in the implementation of effective transfers of funds in the process of receiving or transferring funds from provinces to regions, certainty and clarity regarding expenditure burdens or authority is needed which is a prerequisite for the successful implementation of fiscal decentralization policies through fund transfers so that an increase in the human development index can be achieved.Originality - By using secondary data from a sample of districts and cities in West Java, this study illustrates how the influence of Transfer Funds to Regions and Village Funds in increasing the Human Development Index.
Availability, Accessibility, and Quality of Conservative Kidney Management Worldwide
Authors: Lunney Meaghan , Bello Aminu K. , Levin Adeera , Tam-Tham Helen , Thomas Chandra , Osman Mohamed A. , Ye Feng , Bellorin-Font Ezequiel , Benghanem Gharbi Mohammed , Ghnaimat Mohammad , Htay Htay , Cho Yeoungjee , Jha Vivekanand , Ossareh Shahrzad , Rondeau Eric , Sola Laura , Tchokhonelidze Irma , Tesar Vladimir , Tungsanga Kriang , Kazancioglu Rumeyza Turan , Wang Angela Yee-Moon , Yang Chih-Wei , Zemchenkov Alexander , Zhao Ming-hui , Jager Kitty J. , Jindal Kailash K. , Okpechi Ikechi G. , Brown Edwina A. , Brown Mark , Tonelli Marcello , Harris David C. , Johnson David W. , Caskey Fergus J. , Davison Sara N. 
Published: December 2020

Background and objectives
People with kidney failure typically receive KRT in the form of dialysis or transplantation. However, studies have suggested that not all patients with kidney failure are best suited for KRT. Additionally, KRT is costly and not always accessible in resource-restricted settings. Conservative kidney management is an alternate kidney failure therapy that focuses on symptom management, psychologic health, spiritual care, and family and social support. Despite the importance of conservative kidney management in kidney failure care, several barriers exist that affect its uptake and quality.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
The Global Kidney Health Atlas is an ongoing initiative of the International Society of Nephrology that aims to monitor and evaluate the status of global kidney care worldwide. This study reports on findings from the 2018 Global Kidney Health Atlas survey, specifically addressing the availability, accessibility, and quality of conservative kidney management.

Results
Respondents from 160 countries completed the survey, and 154 answered questions pertaining to conservative kidney management. Of these, 124 (81%) stated that conservative kidney management was available. Accessibility was low worldwide, particularly in low-income countries. Less than half of countries utilized multidisciplinary teams (46%); utilized shared decision making (32%); or provided psychologic, cultural, or spiritual support (36%). One-quarter provided relevant health care providers with training on conservative kidney management delivery.

Conclusions
Overall, conservative kidney management is available in most countries; however, it is not optimally accessible or of the highest quality.
Cost–effectiveness of second-line nivolumab for platinum-treated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Longfeng , Zeng Xiaofang , Cai Hongfu , Li Na , Liu Maobai , Qiu Lingling , Zheng Bin 
Published: December 2020

Aim:
To analyze the economic impact of nivolumab and chemotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who developed disease progression after platinum-containing dual-drug chemotherapy.
Materials & methods:
The partitioned survival model was used to analyze the cost-utility of two NSCLC treatments by nivolumab and docetaxel. The clinical data resulted from the Phase III clinical trial. The cost parameters were derived from our previous studies, and the utility parameters were derived from the literature.
Results:
The quality-adjusted life-years of nivolumab and docetaxel were 0.778 and 0.336. The lifetime direct medical expenses of nivolumab and docetaxel were US$44,707.17 and US$12,826.72. The incremental cost–effectiveness ratio was $72,127.71/quality-adjusted life-year.
Conclusion:
The combination of chemotherapy, nivolumab is not a cost-effective choice in the second-line treatment of NSCLC.
Eiropas Latviešu jaunatnes apvienība (ELJA) – vēsture un nozīme
Authors: Zēgners Ģirts 
Published: December 2020

ELJA kongresos sarunu valoda bija latviešu. Sākumā populārs bija sauklis PPP (pulcēties – priecāties – precēties), vēlākos gados to papildināja ar vēl vienu P – par politiku
Aspectos de la cultura Tukana
Authors: Fulop Marcos 
Published: December 2020

El material que aquí se presenta fue recogido entre el 11 de junio y el 9 de septiembre de 1954, cuando se realizaban trabajos de campo en el caserío de Guadalajara, situado sobre el río Paca, un afluente del río Papurí, en la Comisaría Especial del Vaupés. Desempeñaron las funciones de informador e intérprete Marcos Sierra y Manuel Sierra respectivamente, ambos hermanos sanguíneos, y residentes del cacerío de Guadalajara.
La mitología que aparece en este artículo es una porción muy pequeña de la mitología Tukana total. El autor ha considerado aconsejable no analizar individualmente los mitos publicados aquí, sino esperar a que toda la mitología Tukana sea recogida y publicada.
Health Care Use and Costs in Individuals With Diabetes With and Without Comorbid Depression in Germany: Results of the Cross-sectional DiaDec Study
Authors: Brüne Manuela , Linnenkamp Ute , Andrich Silke , Jaffan-Kolb Linda , Claessen Heiner , Dintsios Charalabos-Markos , Schmitz-Losem Imke , Kruse Johannes , Chernyak Nadja , Hiligsmann Mickaël , Hermanns Norbert , Icks Andrea 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
Increased health care use and costs have been reported in individuals with diabetes with comorbid depression. Knowledge regarding cost differences between individuals with diabetes alone and those with diabetes and diagnosed/undiagnosed depression is, however, scarce. We therefore compared use and costs for patients with diabetes and no depression and patients with diabetes and documented depression diagnosis or self-reported depression symptoms for several cost components, including mental health care costs.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data from a 2013 cross-sectional survey of randomly sampled members of a nationwide German statutory health insurance (SHI) provider with diabetes (n = 1,634) were linked individually with SHI data covering four quarters before and after the survey. Self-reported depression symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, with depression diagnosis taken from SHI data. We analyzed health care use and costs, using regression analysis to calculate cost ratios (CRs) with adjustment for sociodemographic/socioeconomic factors and comorbidities for two groups: 1) those with no symptoms and no diagnosis and 2) those with symptoms or diagnosis. In our explorative subanalysis we analyzed subgroups with either symptoms or diagnosis separately.

RESULTS
Annual mean total health care costs were higher for patients with comorbid depression (EUR 5,629 [95% CI 4,987–6,407]) than without (EUR 3,252 [2,976–3,675], the CR being 1.25 [1.14–1.36]). Regression analysis showed that excess costs were highly associated with comorbidities. Mental health care costs were very low for patients without depression (psychotherapy EUR 2; antidepressants EUR 4) and still relatively low for those with depression (psychotherapy EUR 111; antidepressants EUR 76).

CONCLUSIONS
Costs were significantly higher when comorbid depression was present either as symptoms or diagnosed. Excess costs for mental health services were rather low.
Restoration of Hypoglycemia Awareness Alters Brain Activity in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Nwokolo Munachiso , Amiel Stephanie A. , O’Daly Owen , Macdonald Ian A. , Zelaya Fernando O. , Choudhary Pratik 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a major risk factor for severe hypoglycemia (SH) and is associated with atypical responses to hypoglycemia in brain regions involved in arousal, decision making, and memory. Whether restoration of hypoglycemia awareness alters these responses is unknown. We sought to investigate the impact of awareness restoration on brain responses to hypoglycemia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Twelve adults with T1D and IAH underwent pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling functional MRI during a hypoglycemic clamp (5–2.6 mmol/L) before and after a hypoglycemia avoidance program of structured education (Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating), specialist support, and sensor-augmented pump therapy (Medtronic MiniMed 640G). Hypoglycemic cerebral blood flow (CBF) responses were compared pre- and postintervention using predefined region-of-interest analysis of the thalamus, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and hippocampus.

RESULTS
Postintervention, Gold and Clarke scores fell (6.0 ± 1.0 to 4.0 ± 1.6, P = 0.0002, and 5.7 ± 1.7 to 3.4 ± 1.8, P = 0.0008, respectively), SH rates reduced (1.5 ± 2 to 0.3 ± 0.5 episodes per year, P = 0.03), hypoglycemic symptom scores increased (18.8 ± 6.3 to 27.3 ± 12.7, P = 0.02), and epinephrine responses did not change (P = 0.2). Postintervention, hypoglycemia induced greater increases in ACC CBF (P = 0.01, peak voxel coordinates [6, 40, −2]), while thalamic and OFC activity did not change.

CONCLUSIONS
Increased blood flow is seen within brain pathways involved in internal self-awareness and decision making (ACC) after restoration of hypoglycemia awareness, suggesting partial recovery of brain responses lost in IAH. Resistance of frontothalamic networks, involved in arousal and emotion processing, may explain why not all individuals with IAH achieve awareness restoration with education and technology alone.
Gluconeogenesis, But Not Glycogenolysis, Contributes to the Increase in Endogenous Glucose Production by SGLT-2 Inhibition
Authors: Wolf Peter , Fellinger Paul , Pfleger Lorenz , Beiglböck Hannes , Krumpolec Patrik , Barbieri Chiara , Gastaldelli Amalia , Harreiter Jürgen , Metz Matthäus , Scherer Thomas , Zeyda Maximilian , Baumgartner-Parzer Sabina , Marculescu Rodrig , Trattnig Siegfried , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Krššák Martin , Krebs Michael 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
Recent studies indicate that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibition increases endogenous glucose production (EGP), potentially counteracting the glucose-lowering potency, and stimulates lipid oxidation and lipolysis. However, the acute effects of SGLT-2 inhibition on hepatic glycogen, lipid, and energy metabolism have not yet been analyzed. We therefore investigated the impact of a single dose of dapagliflozin (D) or placebo (P) on hepatic glycogenolysis, hepatocellular lipid (HCL) content and mitochondrial activity (kATP).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Ten healthy volunteers (control [CON]: age 30 ± 3 years, BMI 24 ± 1 kg/m2, HbA1c 5.2 ± 0.1%) and six patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM: age 63 ± 4 years, BMI 28 ± 1.5 kg/m2, HbA1c 6.1 ± 0.5%) were investigated on two study days (CON-P vs. CON-D and T2DM-P vs. T2DM-D). 1H/13C/31P MRS was performed before, 90–180 min (MR1), and 300–390 min (MR2) after administration of 10 mg dapagliflozin or placebo. EGP was assessed by tracer dilution techniques.

RESULTS
Compared with CON-P, EGP was higher in CON-D (10.0 ± 0.3 vs. 12.4 ± 0.5 μmol kg−1 min−1; P &lt; 0.05) and comparable in T2DM-D and T2DM-P (10.1 ± 0.7 vs. 10.4 ± 0.5 μmol kg−1 min−1; P = not significant [n.s.]). A strong correlation of EGP with glucosuria was observed (r = 0.732; P &lt; 0.01). The insulin-to-glucagon ratio was lower after dapagliflozin in CON-D and T2DM-D compared with baseline (P &lt; 0.05). Glycogenolysis did not differ between CON-P and CON-D (−3.28 ± 0.49 vs. −2.53 ± 0.56 μmol kg−1 min−1; P = n.s.) or T2DM-P and T2DM-D (−0.74 ± 0.23 vs. −1.21 ± 0.33 μmol kg−1 min−1; P = n.s.), whereas gluconeogenesis was higher after dapagliflozin in CON-P compared with CON-D (6.7 ± 0.6 vs. 9.9 ± 0.6 μmol kg−1 min−1; P &lt; 0.01) but not in T2DM. No significant changes in HCL and kATP were observed.

CONCLUSIONS
The rise in EGP after SGLT-2 inhibition is due to increased gluconeogenesis, but not glycogenolysis. Changes in glucagon and the insulin-to-glucagon ratio are not associated with an increased hepatic glycogen breakdown. HCL and kATP are not significantly affected by a single dose of dapagliflozin.
Comparison of Natriuretic Peptides as Risk Markers for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular and Renal Complications in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tofte Nete , Theilade Simone , Winther Signe A. , Birkelund Sørine , Goetze Jens P. , Hansen Tine W. , Rossing Peter 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE
Few studies have compared midregional proatrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). We compared their value as risk markers for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CV) and renal complications in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
MR-proANP and NT-proBNP were measured in 664 individuals. Hazard ratios (HRs) were assessed per doubling of NT-proBNP or MR-proANP for risk of a composite of ischemic events, heart failure (HF), a combined renal end point of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30%, and all-cause mortality or individual end points. Adjustments included CV risk factors and addition of MR-proANP or NT-proBNP.

RESULTS
Median follow-up was 5.1–6.2 years. MR-proANP was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (n = 57; HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.7), combined CV end point (n = 94; 1.6, 1.1–2.2), HF (n = 27; 2.8, 1.5–5.2), combined renal end point (n = 123; 1.6, 1.2–2.1), and ESKD (n = 21; 3.1, 1.2–7.8) independent of CV risk factors (P ≤ 0.02). After addition of NT-proBNP, significance for all end points was lost. A doubling of NT-proBNP was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2–1.8), the combined CV end point (1.3, 1.1–1.5), HF (1.7, 1.3–2.1), and the combined renal end point (1.3, 1.1–1.4) independent of CV risk factors (model 2 [P &lt; 0.001]) and MR-proANP (model 3 [P ≤ 0.03]). There was no association with decline in eGFR ≥30% (n = 93).

CONCLUSIONS
Higher NT-proBNP was independently associated with all-cause mortality, CV disease, HF, and the combined renal end point. MR-proANP was associated with all end points but decline in eGFR, although not independent of NT-proBNP. MR-proANP may contribute to the predictive value of NT-proBNP for risk stratification in type 1 diabetes.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Pembelajaran IPA Kelas 4 SD
Authors: Nugroho Alycia Novena , Airlanda Gamaliel Septian 
Published: December 2020

Masalah yang dihadapi tentang proses penilaian di seolah dimana guru cenderung memberikan soal dengan tingkatan kognitif rendah dan jawaban singkat, sehingga kurang diperhatikannya keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kelayakan instrumen penilaian keterampilan berpikir kritis pembelajaran IPA kelas 4 SD. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah desain penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Subjek penelitian ini adalah Intrument penilain keterampilan berpikir Kritis. Hasil analisis pada 15 butir soal uraian validitas menurut review para ahli diperoleh hasil yang baik. Berdasarkan hasil validasi dari pakar materi dinyatakan valid dan kelayakan mencapai angka 77%. Hasil validasi pakar instrumen dinyatakan valid dan kelayakan mencapai angka 70,5%. Sedangkan hasil validasi pakar bahasa mencapai angka 75,5%. Instrumen peniliaian yang telah dikembangkan dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan valid dan dapat digunakan sebagai penilaian keterampilan berpikir kritis IPA untuk siswa kelas 4 SD.
Estudio de las propiedades magnéticas y estructurales de polvos del sistema Fe90Al10 obtenidos por aleamiento mecánico
Authors: Oyola Lozano Dagoberto , Vélez Quimbaya Elver Fabian , Rojas Martinez Yebrail , Bustos Rodriguez Humberto 
Published: December 2020

En este trabajo reportamos el estudio de las propiedades magnéticas y estructurales del sistema Fe90Al10 obtenidas por Aleamiento Mecánico (AM), para la fabricación de blancos (target) que se usarán para producir películas delgadas por sputtering. Las muestras en forma de polvo se prepararon utilizando la técnica de aleamiento mecánico con una relación de masa bolas / masa muestra, de 10:1, en atmosfera de argón con bolas de acero inoxidable y jarras del mismo material, y con 48 y 72 horas de molienda. La caracterización magnética y estructural se realizó por Espectroscopia Mössbauer (MS), Magnetometría de muestra Vibrante (VSM) y Difracción de Rayos-X (XRD). Los espectro Mössbauer de los polvos se ajustaron con una componente ferromagnética correspondiente a tres sitios ferromagnéticos mostrando un campo hiperfino medio de 29,1 T para las muestras con 48 horas de molienda y de 25,4 T para las muestras con 72 horas de molienda.El refinamiento de los patrones de XRD presenta en todos los difractogramas picos de la fase FeAl - BCC con parámetros de red 2,886 Å y 2,889 Å para la molienda de 48 y 72 horas respectivamente. Los ciclos de histéresis del sistema Fe90Al10 en estudio evidencian que es un material magnéticamente blando.
Carta de susceptibilidade erosiva da Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego Curral de Arame, Dourados/MS
Authors: Oliveira Diodato Jonailce , De Oliveira Ribeiro Vinícius 
Published: December 2020

Erosão hídrica é um processo natural que é intensificado pela falta de práticas conservacionistas, e retirada da cobertura vegetal do solo. Tem como consequência, o empobrecimento do solo, assoreamento e eutrofização dos corpos d’água, entre outros. É de fundamental importância tomar conhecimento dos processos erosivos para que os tomadores de decisão adotem medidas de mitigação e/ ou prevenção deste fenômeno. Neste contexto a EUPS entra como ferramenta para estimar a perda de solo por erosão laminar. O uso de sistemas de informações Geográficas (SIG) tem se mostrado bastante eficientes para caracterizar a susceptibilidade erosiva, devido a facilidade de obtenção de dados, conferindo agilidade aos processos. Muitos destes são disponibilizados gratuitamente, como o QGIS, utilizado na metodologia deste projeto. Este trabalho teve como objetivo mapear e analisar qualitativamente a susceptibilidade erosiva da Bacia Hidrográfica do córrego Curral de Arame utilizando Sistema de Informação Geográfica, livre e gratuita. Os valores para a estimativa da perda anual de solo, variaram entre 0 e 389 toneladas por hectare ao ano. Observou-se que o fator que apresenta maior influência sobre os valores de estimativa das perdas de solo para a Bacia Hidrográfica em estudo, foi o fator CP- Uso e Manejo e Práticas Conservacionistas.
A bail-out intervention: low-speed rotablation for management of an underexpanded stent causing recurrent stent restenosis
Authors: Goktekin Omer , kilic Ismail Dogu , Karagoz Ahmet 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Rotablation is used in heavily calcified lesions when balloon angioplasty fails to expand the lesion before stenting.

Case Presentation:
A 68-year-old male patient was admited with angina 9 months after implantation of a 3.5 × 23 mm drugeluting stent in the crux of right coronary artery. Intravascular ultrasound revealed that the strut-to-strut diameter of the stent in the underexpanded region was 1.6 mm. High-pressure balloon inflation up to 26 atm was performed many times and the procedure was again completed with 3.0 and 3.5 mm kissing balloon inflation at 22 atm. After 4 months following the second procedure, the patient was admitted with the same symptoms. This time a 1.75 mm rotablator was used cautiously under low speed (150,000 rpm) to ablate the stent struts which handicap adequate expansion and lead to recurrent stenosis.

Conclusion:
Rotablation can also be used to fix an underexpanded stent if the other options fail.