bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Potato Flour on Dough and Steamed Bread Quality and Correlation Analysis
Authors: Sun Hongrui , Liu Xiangying , Tian Zhigang , Fan Jieying , Meng Yue , Nan Xiping , Yang Zhiqiang , Zeng Xianpeng , Kang Lining 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPotato offers numerous health benefits that have yet to be utilized by the food industry. To evaluate the use of potato as an ingredient in staple food products, various proportions of potato flour were added to wheat flour (0–50 %) to form potato–wheat flour mixtures. The mixtures were used to make dough and steamed bread that were tested based on several established quality indicators. Specifically, with increasing potato flour proportion above 20 %, dough quality indicators of extensibility, tensile resistance, fermentation volume and fermentation activity exhibited downward trends, with worsening microstructural, while steamed bread exhibited decreasing specific volume, decreasing brightness, worsening textural properties, increasing yellowness and increasing lysine content. However, for dough and steamed bread made from flour mixtures containing 10–20 % potato flour, quality indicators were not significantly different from corresponding control values (100 % wheat flour). Notably, correlation analysis indicated that tensile and fermentative dough properties significantly correlated with resulting steamed bread quality. Therefore, only data measurements for these dough indicators are needed to predict steamed bread quality, in order to reduce testing workload during evaluation of ingredient formulations for steamed bread production.
Ameliorative effect of quercetin, catechin, and taxifolin on rotenone-induced testicular and splenic weight gain and oxidative stress in rats
Authors: Akinmoladun Afolabi C. , Olaniyan Oluwabunmi O. , Famusiwa Courage D. , Josiah Sunday S. , Olaleye M. Tolulope 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
The physiological functions of the testis and spleen can be affected through several cellular and molecular mechanisms such as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that causes oxidative stress. This study aimed at investigating the protective effect of catechin, quercetin, and taxifolin in rotenone-induced testicular and splenetic toxicity.

Methods
Male Wistar rats were administered with 1.5 mg/kg rotenone (s.c.) for 10 days followed by post-treatment with catechin (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg), quercetin (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg), and taxifolin (0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/kg) for 3 days (s.c.), followed by estimation of biochemical markers of oxidative stress, inflammatory activities, and tissue damage in testes and spleen.

Results
Exposure of rats to rotenone caused reduced body weight gain, increased organ weight, decreased glutathione level and activities of glutathione transferase and superoxide dismutase, enhanced lipid peroxidation, and increased activities of prooxidant/proinflammatory enzymes and lactate dehydrogenase, which were mitigated by post-treatment with flavonoids. In general, quercetin and taxifolin showed better activity than catechin.

Conclusions
Catechin, quercetin, and taxifolin ameliorated rotenone-induced weight disturbances and oxidative damage in rats, indicating their potential relevance in toxicant and pesticide-induced tissue injury.
MiR-638 repressed vascular smooth muscle cell glycolysis by targeting LDHA
Authors: Chen Shiyuan , Chen Hu , Yu Chaowen , Lu Ran , Song Tao , Wang Xiaogao , Tang Wenbo , Gao Yong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Abnormal proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) accelerated vascular diseases progression, like atherosclerosis and restenosis. MicroRNAs were reported to participate in modulating diverse cellular processes. Here, we focused on exploring the role of miR-638 in VSMCs glycolysis and underlying mechanism.

Methods
Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to measure cell viability. Western blot assay was conducted to determine the expression of cell proliferation markers proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67, as well as Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA). VSMCs migration and invasion were evaluated by Transwell assay. Luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA immunoprecipitation were performed to validate the target relationship between miR-638 and LDHA. LDHA and miR-638 expression were also determined. Glycolysis of VSMCs was tested by corresponding Kits.

Results
Platelet-derived growth factor-bb (PDGF-bb) promoted the VSMCs viability and down-regulated miR-638. Overexpression of miR-638 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion of VSMCs. LDHA was identified as a target of miR-638, and counter-regulated by miR-638. Loss of miR-638 attenuated the suppressor effects on the proliferation, migration and invasion of VSMCs induced by LDHA down-regulation. MiR-638 inhibited the glycolysis of VSMCs by targeting LDHA.

Conclusion
MiR-638 is down-regulated by PDGF-bb treatment and suppressed the glycolysis of VSMCs via targeting LDHA.
Phosphorous runoff risk assessment and its potential management using wollastonite according to geochemical modeling
Authors: Hayder Aneela , Vanderburgt Stephen , Santos Rafael M. , Chiang Yi Wai 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Loss of phosphorus from agricultural land through water runoff causes serious detrimental effects on the environment and on water quality. Phosphorous runoff from excessive use of fertilizers can cause algal blooms to grow in nearby water systems, producing toxins that contaminate drinking water sources and recreational water. In this study, a risk analysis of the algal toxin micro-cystin-LR and the mitigation of phosphorus from agriculture runoff is discussed. A risk analysis was performed on the algal bloom toxin microcystin-LR considering the Lake Erie algal bloom event of 2011 as a case study. Toxicity risk analysis results show that relatively low concentrations of microcystin-LR compared to recent case studies pose an acute health risk to both children and adults, and a significant increase in the risk of developing cancer is suggested but subject to further study given the assumptions made. This study investigated the potential of using wollastonite to mitigate phosphorus pollution, considering thermodynamic conditions of a constructed wetland receiving influent water from agriculture runoff, by using geochemical modelling. Geochemical modelling results show that wollastonite can react with phosphorus and capture it in the stable mineral form of hydroxyapatite, offering a possible strategy for risk mitigation of phosphorous runoff. A removal efficiency of 77% of phosphorus using wollastonite is calculated with the help of geochemical modelling.
Interlocking Networks and the Sacred Landscape of Hellenistic Northern Etruria: Capturing Social and Geographic Entanglement Through Social Network Analysis
Authors: Vela Raffaella Da 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The late Hellenistic period is a time of deep entanglement, interconnectedness and complexity. The breakdown of local political systems and the unification of economic spaces had strong repercussions on the perception and expression of several aspects of the cultural identities of local communities. Rapid waves of change can be observed in local religious identities and in the Etruscan sacred landscape: cult buildings were destroyed, sacred places abandoned or replaced by residential areas, and new organisational forms of managing cults appeared; Latin names and new iconographies were given to traditional deities in public religious buildings dedicated to the official religion, while private and popular worshipping polarized around salvation cults. Changes in the sacred landscape regarded both topographic aspects, such as the visibility of cult sites and their connections to settlements, as well as social aspects, such as the patronage of sacred buildings. This paper proposes to employ a relational approach in order to understand changes in the sacred landscape. It analyzes the geographic and social components of the Etruscan sacred landscape by means of Social Network Analysis (SNA), and it does so by looking at the landscape in its entanglement to the archaeological and epigraphic record between 350 and 80 BCE.
The Rise of Dominant Firms: The Role of Chance
Authors: Saha Atanu , Havenner Arthur , Rauschenbach Sonya 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The principal explanations in the existing economics literature for the formation of concentrated markets are intellectual property-related entry barriers, economies of scale, and network effects. In each of these explanations, a few firms have an inherent advantage, allowing them to maintain their dominance. Our study’s objective is to show that even when all firms are equally situated, an industry can evolve from a competitive to an oligopolistic structure purely as a result of random chance. We create a stylized model where firms are identical at inception, with none having any competitive advantage. In each period, a firm’s profit is random with zero mean. The randomness of profits is hypothesized to stem from demand uncertainty and production cost fluctuations. Simulation results show that, solely as a result of chance, a competitive industry transitions to a market structure where only a handful dominate. The antitrust implications of our paper pertain to the causes of oligopoly formation. Notwithstanding that in some cases oligopolies can arise as a result of anticompetitive behavior of firms, we show that market concentration can also occur as a benign, natural consequence of evolution of an industry characterized by firms with uncertain profits.
Effect of the two-phase hybrid mode of effervescent atomizer on the atomization characteristics
Authors: Liu Liansheng , Pei Na , Zhao Ruolin , Tian Liang , Duan Runze , Zhang Yan , Li Menghan , Zhang Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the atomization characteristics of an effervescent atomizer were investigated. The velocity, Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) and atomization cone angle of the droplets were measured using the Phase Doppler Analyzer (PDA) to discuss the effect of different design parameters. The results showed that the atomization was unstable at a small Gas-Liquid Rate (GLR) while the atomization proved gradually by increasing the GLR. The optimal atomization region was at a GLR=0.1. In the atomization process, there existed a typical velocity distribution for the swirl atomizer. The design parameters of atomizer provided a great influence on the Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) and atomization cone angle. The experiment results showed that some droplets had negative velocities.
Supramolecular adsorption of cyclodextrin/polyvinyl alcohol film for purification of organic wastewater
Authors: Lu Qingchen , Li Nana , Li Jialu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInto purified organic wastewater, α-, β-, and γ-cyclodextrin (α-, β-, and γ-CD) were added to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with ammonium persulfate as the crosslinker. The CD/PVA composite film with low water solubility and supramolecular adsorption was prepared by solvent evaporation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that when CD was successfully added to PVA, the crosslinking process had no effect on -OH, and the structure was stable after soaking in water for 120 h. Solubility experiments showed that the stability of PVA in water was significantly improved. The results of phenolphthalein adsorption showed that the composite film followed the Langmuir isothermal adsorption and the pseudo-second-order kinetics. According to the Langmuir equation, the theoretical maximum adsorption capacities of α-, β- and γ-CD/PVA composite films were 0.41, 2.05, and 2.00 mg/g, respectively. The parameters of the Freundlich equation indicate that the adsorption of the composite film is physical adsorption. The time for α-CD/PVA composite film to reach equilibrium was the shortest, while the longest was for β-CD/PVA composite film. The intraparticle diffusion model showed that the adsorption was mainly affected by the diffusion of the boundary layer, and the diffusion rate limitation of the boundary layer of the high-concentration phenolphthalein solution was more obvious.
Nickel ion removal from aqueous solutions through the adsorption process: a review
Authors: Vakili Mohammadtaghi , Rafatullah Mohd , Yuan Jing , Zwain Haider M. , Mojiri Amin , Gholami Zahra , Gholami Fatemeh , Wang Wei , Giwa Abdulmoseen S. , Yu Youqing , Cagnetta Giovanni , Yu Gang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Recently, removal of nickel ions has been gaining a lot of attention because of the negative impact of nickel ions on the environment. The aim of this review paper is to organize the scattered available information on removal of nickel ions from aqueous solutions through the adsorption process. Survey on investigated materials suggests that composite- and polymer-based adsorbents have the most effective capability for nickel adsorption. The composite material class, i.e. CaCO3-maltose, followed by biopolymer-based material showed the highest Ni(II) adsorption capacity of 769.23 and 500 mg/g, respectively. The importance of treatment parameters (i.e. pH, temperature, contact time, and metal ion concentration) is discussed, together with their effect on the underlying physicochemical phenomena, giving particular attention to the adsorption/desorption mechanism. It was ascertained that adsorption of nickel ions is pH dependent and the optimal pH range for adsorption of Ni(II) ions was in range of 6–8. In general, nickel adsorption is an endothermic and spontaneous process that mainly occurs by forming a monolayer on the adsorbent (experimental data are often fitted by Langmuir isotherms and pseudo-second-order kinetics). Regeneration (i.e. desorption) is also reviewed, suggesting that acidic eluents (e.g. HCl and HNO3) allow, in most of the cases, an efficacious spent adsorbent recovery. The percentage use of desorption agents followed the order of acids (77%) > chelators (8.5%) > alkalis (8%) > salts (4.5%) > water (2%). Helpful information about adsorption and desorption of nickel ions from aqueous solutions is provided.
Investigation of effect of vitamin D receptor, calcium-sensing receptor and β-catenin on cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tuğrul Berrin , Söylev Sevinç , Temiz Peyker , Gençoğlan Gülsüm 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a malignant and invasive tumor which is originated from epidermis with a high incidence among non-melanoma skin cancers. The aim of this study was to determine whether vitamin D receptor (VDR), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and beta catenin (β-catenin) proteins have an effect on cSCC.

Materials and methods
VDR, CaSR and β-catenin proteins in tissue samples of cSCC and control group were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting (WB) method. IHC findings were statistically evaluated.

Results
IHC staining density of VDR and β-catenin were higher in cSCC tissue samples than control. The difference between IHC staining density of VDR and β-catenin in the patient and the control groups were statistically significant (p = 0.021, p = 0.021, respectively), but not for CaSR (p = 0.237). While the VDR and β-catenin staining rates obtained by the IHC method could be supported by WB results, the WB bands for CaSR could not be shown.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that VDR and β-catenin may have an effect on the disease. Further research is required to better understand the role of VDR and β-catenin together on cSCC.
TrkB Signaling Influences Gene Expression in Cortistatin-Expressing Interneurons
Authors: Maynard Kristen R. , Kardian Alisha , Hill Julia L. , Mai Yishan , Barry Brianna , Hallock Henry L. , Jaffe Andrew E. , Martinowich Keri 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBrain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signals through its cognate receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) to promote the function of several classes of inhibitory interneurons. We previously reported that loss of BDNF–TrkB signaling in cortistatin (Cort)-expressing interneurons leads to behavioral hyperactivity and spontaneous seizures in mice. We performed bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) from the cortex of mice with disruption of BDNF–TrkB signaling in cortistatin interneurons, and identified differential expression of genes important for excitatory neuron function. Using translating ribosome affinity purification and RNA-seq, we define a molecular profile for Cort-expressing inhibitory neurons and subsequently compare the translatome of normal and TrkB-depleted Cort neurons, revealing alterations in calcium signaling and axon development. Several of the genes enriched in Cort neurons and differentially expressed in TrkB-depleted neurons are also implicated in autism and epilepsy. Our findings highlight TrkB-dependent molecular pathways as critical for the maturation of inhibitory interneurons and support the hypothesis that loss of BDNF signaling in Cort interneurons leads to altered excitatory/inhibitory balance.
Temporal Invariance in SCA6 Is Related to Smaller Cerebellar Lobule VI and Greater Disease Severity
Authors: Yacoubi Basma , Casamento-Moran Agostina , Burciu Roxana G. , Subramony S.H. , Vaillancourt David E. , Christou Evangelos A. 
Published: January 2020

Regulating muscle force and timing are fundamental for accurate motor performance. In spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), there is evidence that individuals have greater force dysmetria but display better temporal accuracy during fast goal directed contractions. Here, we test whether greater temporal accuracy occurs in all individuals with SCA6, and can be explained by lesser temporal variability. Further we examine whether it is linked to disease severity and specific degenerative changes in the cerebellum. Nineteen human participants with SCA6 (13 woman) and 18 healthy controls performed fast goal-directed ankle dorsiflexion contractions aiming at a spatiotemporal target. We quantified the endpoint control of these contractions, gray matter (GM) integrity of the cerebellum, and disease severity using the International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS). SCA6 individuals exhibited lower temporal endpoint error and variability than the healthy controls (p= 0.008). Statistically, SCA6 clustered into two distinct groups for temporal variability. A group with low temporal variability ranging from 10 to 19% (SCA6a) and a group with temporal variability similar to healthy controls (SCA6b; 19–40%).SCA6a exhibited greater disease severity than SCA6b, as assessed with ICARS (p< 0.001). Lower temporal variability, which was not associated with disease duration (R2= 0.1,p> 0.2), did correlate with both greater ICARS (R2= 0.3) and reduced GM volume in cerebellar lobule VI (R2= 0.35). Other cerebellar lobules did not relate to temporal variability. We provide new evidence that a subset of SCA6 with greater loss of GM in cerebellum lobule VI exhibit temporal invariance and more severe ataxia than other SCA6 individuals.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTVariability is an inherent feature of voluntary movement, and traditionally more variability in the targeted output infers impaired performance. For example, cerebellar patients present exacerbated temporal variability during multijoint movements, which is thought to contribute to their motor deficits. In the current work, we show that in a subgroup of spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 individuals, temporal variability is lower than that of healthy controls when performing single-joint fast-goal directed movements. This invariance related to exacerbated atrophy of lobule VI of the cerebellum and exacerbated disease severity. The relation between invariance and disease severity suggests that pathological motor variability can manifest not only as an exacerbation but also as a reduction relative to healthy controls.
Differential Roles of Mediodorsal Nucleus of the Thalamus and Prefrontal Cortex in Decision-Making and State Representation in a Cognitive Control Task Measuring Deficits in Schizophrenia
Authors: DeNicola Adele L. , Park Min-Yoon , Crowe David A. , MacDonald Angus W. , Chafee Matthew V. 
Published: January 2020

The mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD) is reciprocally connected with the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and although the MD has been implicated in a range of PFC-dependent cognitive functions (Watanabe and Funahashi, 2012; Mitchell and Chakraborty, 2013; Parnaudeau et al., 2018), little is known about how MD neurons in the primate participate specifically in cognitive control, a capability that reflects the ability to use contextual information (such as a rule) to modify responses to environmental stimuli. To learn how the MD-PFC thalamocortical network is engaged to mediate forms of cognitive control that are selectively disrupted in schizophrenia, we trained male monkeys to perform a variant of the AX continuous performance task, which reliably measures cognitive control deficits in patients (Henderson et al., 2012) and used linear multielectrode arrays to record neural activity in the MD and PFC simultaneously. We found that the two structures made clearly different contributions to distributed processing for cognitive control: MD neurons were specialized for decision-making and response selection, whereas prefrontal neurons were specialized to preferentially encode the environmental state on which the decision was based. In addition, we observed that functional coupling between MD and PFC was strongest when the decision as to which of the two responses in the task to execute was being made. These findings delineate unique contributions of MD and PFC to distributed processing for cognitive control and characterized neural dynamics in this network associated with normative cognitive control performance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCognitive control is fundamental to healthy human executive functioning (Miller and Cohen, 2001) and deficits in patients with schizophrenia relate to decreased functional activation of the MD thalamus and the prefrontal cortex (Minzenberg et al., 2009), which are reciprocally linked (Goldman-Rakic and Porrino, 1985; Xiao et al., 2009). We carry out simultaneous neural recordings in the MD and PFC while monkeys perform a cognitive control task translated from patients with schizophrenia to relate thalamocortical dynamics to cognitive control performance. Our data suggest that state representation and decision-making computations for cognitive control are preferentially performed by PFC and MD, respectively. This suggests experiments to parse decision-making and state representation deficits in patients while providing novel computational targets for future therapies.