bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence for Rapid Meta-Analysis: Case Study on Ocular Toxicity of Hydroxychloroquine
Authors: Michelson Matthew , Chow Tiffany , Martin Neil A , Ross Mike , Tee Qiao Ying Amelia , Minton Steven 
Published: July 2020

Background
Rapid access to evidence is crucial in times of an evolving clinical crisis. To that end, we propose a novel approach to answer clinical queries, termed rapid meta-analysis (RMA). Unlike traditional meta-analysis, RMA balances a quick time to production with reasonable data quality assurances, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) to strike this balance.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate whether RMA can generate meaningful clinical insights, but crucially, in a much faster processing time than traditional meta-analysis, using a relevant, real-world example.

Methods
The development of our RMA approach was motivated by a currently relevant clinical question: is ocular toxicity and vision compromise a side effect of hydroxychloroquine therapy? At the time of designing this study, hydroxychloroquine was a leading candidate in the treatment of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We then leveraged AI to pull and screen articles, automatically extract their results, review the studies, and analyze the data with standard statistical methods.

Results
By combining AI with human analysis in our RMA, we generated a meaningful, clinical result in less than 30 minutes. The RMA identified 11 studies considering ocular toxicity as a side effect of hydroxychloroquine and estimated the incidence to be 3.4% (95% CI 1.11%-9.96%). The heterogeneity across individual study findings was high, which should be taken into account in interpretation of the result.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that a novel approach to meta-analysis using AI can generate meaningful clinical insights in a much shorter time period than traditional meta-analysis.
TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF AN EFFECTIVE NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS FOR PAIN MANAGEMENT IN ARTHRITIS
Authors: D MANJULA , RAJ ABHISHEK , JENITA J JOSEPHINE LENO , BANU SHANAZ 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The current research work has been carried out with the aim to develop a transdermal gel formulation of fenoprofen (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to treat pain associated in arthritis) which would overcome the gastrointestinal-related problems associated with oral administration of the drug. The present study aims at formulating transdermal gels using different concentrations of Carbopol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), sodium alginate, and guar gum.
Methods: The formulated gels were subjected for various evaluation tests such as clarity, homogeneity, viscosity, drug content, pH, spreadability, and in vitro permeation studies. Drug–polymer interaction was studied by Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The in vitro permeation studies were performed in phosphate buffer 7.4 using Franz diffusion cell.
Results: The FT-IR and DSC studies showed no chemical interaction between drug and polymers used. All the formulated gels showed acceptable physical properties with respect to clarity, homogeneity, viscosity, drug content, pH, and spreadability. Among all the gel formulations, Carbopol gels containing fenoprofen showed good drug release compared to HPMC, sodium alginate, and guar gum. Optimized formulation was further subjected to kinetic studies which showed Higuchi model of drug release. The same formulation showed significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity, tested in Wistar albino rats. No signs of erythema, edema, flushing, and papules were observed when skin irritation test was performed. Stability studies under accelerated condition showed satisfactory results for the optimized formulation.
Conclusions: Thus, it was concluded from the results that the optimized formulation showed controlled and slow drug delivery. Animal studies were significant at p<0.05 and 0.001. The selected formulation was stable at various ambient temperatures.
THE EVALUATION OF INCREASED SERUM CREATININE DUE TO THE USE OF ACEI THERAPY ON HYPERTENSION PATIENTS IN UNDATA HOSPITAL, PALU, CENTRAL SULAWESI PROVINCE
Authors: RUMI AMELIA , M RADI DAN NURHALIMA 
Published: July 2020

Objective: This study aims to determine the mean baseline value and the evaluation of serum creatinine in hypertensive patients after receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) antihypertensive therapy for the first time in a span.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with a prospective approach by carrying out laboratory tests of serum creatinine using the Jaffe method using the patient’s blood at the beginning as the baseline value and a month after treated with (ACEi) antihypertensive therapy as the evaluation value. The results of this research were analyzed using the SPSS statistical paired test to observe the occurrence of increased serum creatinine as the aftereffect of ACEi antihypertensive treatment. The total of samples which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria was 30 patients.
Results: The findings showed an increase of serum creatinine value, where statistics displayed the significant value of **P below 0.05 with the mean baseline value of 0.98 and an average evaluation value of 1.14. When examined clinically, despite the increase of serum creatinine, the patient’s kidney function is still within a normal range.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the increase of serum creatinine value can become one’s indicators of decreasing kidney function.
IN VITRO SCREENING AND CORRELATION OF ETHANOLIC PEEL EXTRACTS OF PUNICA GRANATUM AND CITRUS SINENSIS WITH RESPECT TO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIRADICAL ACTIVITY
Authors: V SONTAKKE AJIT , S HENDRE ANUP , R PATIL SANGITA 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic peel extracts of Punica granatum and Citrus sinensis on total phenolics, total antioxidants, and radical scavenging activities using different in vitro models.
Methods: Pomegranate and orange fruits at the maturity stage were manually peeled, washed, and air dried before extraction. Dried peels were grinded, weighed, and extracted with 95% ethanol and were used for in vitro analysis. Different concentrations of extracts for each peel were prepared. Total phenolics content, total antioxidant capacity, and free radical scavenging activities of each peel extract were estimated in the form of Folin–Ciocalteu reagent assay, phosphomolybdenum assay, hydroxyl free radical scavenging assay, and superoxide free radical scavenging assay, respectively.
Results: The ethanolic peel extracts of P. granatum and C. sinensis showed significant increased total phenolic contents and total antioxidant activity. Furthermore, radical scavenging activity (hydroxyl and superoxide) was found to be significant in both ethanolic peel extracts.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that the ethanolic peel extracts of P. granatum and C. sinensis has potential antioxidant and antiradical activity.
THE PROFILE OF THYROTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE, T-REGULATOR, AND INTERLEUKIN-4 OF UNTREATED GRAVES’ DISEASE IN INDONESIA
Authors: DECROLI EVA , ELVIRA DWITYA , APRILIA DINDA 
Published: July 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to the profile of hormonal and immunological aspects, which is thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), T-regulator (T-reg) Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene polymorphism, and interleukin-4 (IL-4) of untreated Graves’ disease with hyperthyroid in M Djamil General Hospital Padang, Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to observe Graves’ disease with hyperthyroid in the Internal Medicine Department in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. Graves’ disease was confirmed by measuring free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and antithyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO). TRH, T-reg FOXP3 gene polymorphism, and IL-4 were examined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.
Results: Twenty-five subjects with Graves’ disease included in this study with an average of age is 27.48 (5.6) years. Mean Wayne index is 23.44 (1.4), mean serum FT4 level is 55.55 (17.98) pmol/l, median serum TSH level is 0.041 (0.004–0.053) mU/l, and mean anti-TPO level is 2697.539 (479.72) pg/ml. Median serum TRH level is 92.589 (24.843–253.186) pg/ml, mean T-reg FOXP3 gene polymorphism is 0.621 (0.23) ng/ml, and mean serum IL-4 level is 19.759 (7.03) pg/ml).
Conclusion: Graves’ disease with hyperthyroid has median serum TRH level 92.589 (24.843-253.186) pg/ml and high levels of T-reg FOXP3 gene polymorphism and IL-4.
TOXICITY PROFILE OF CELASTRUS PANICULATUS SEEDS: A PRECLINICAL STUDY
Authors: MISHRA BHARAT , JOHN ELEZABETH , JOY KRUPAMOL , R BADMANABAN , R ALEESHA 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the toxicity profile of Celastrus paniculatus (CP) by performing a preclinical study on Swiss albino mice and demonstrate a safety description through monitoring their autonomic, neurological, behavioral, physical, and biochemistry profiles.
Methods: The toxicity profiles (acute and subacute) of CP were evaluated using Swiss albino mice in which they were divided into four groups: Group I received 1% Tween 20 and dimethyl sulfoxide. Group II, III, and IV received CP seed oil orally, at doses of 300, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg body weight for both acute and subacute toxicity studies in accordance with Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines No. 423. Special attention was given during the first 4 h and daily thereafter for a total of 14 days. Behavioral profile, physical state changes, and other parameters such as tremors, convulsion, lethargy were noted. Clinical signs were observed daily during the 28 days of the treatment period. Body weights were measured once a week. On the 29th day, the animals were kept to overnight and blood samples were collected through retro-orbital puncture for biochemical analysis.
Results: In both acute and subacute toxicity studies, the treatment with CP did not affect the normal health status of animals. It is suggestive that CP is considered practically non-toxic.
Conclusion: The toxicity profile of CP seed oil was evaluated and found to be safe until 2000 mg/kg dose.
PERIARTICULAR REGIONAL ANALGESIA REDUCES PAIN AND HOSPITAL STAY AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY: A PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, AND DOUBLE-BLINDED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: DAS PULIN BIHARI , SINGH ANAND KUMAR , CHATTERJEE ARINDAM , SINGH ANURAG 
Published: July 2020

Objective: There are multiple post-operative pain protocols for patients who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Post-operative analgesia with opioids or epidural analgesia has its side effect. We compared the duration of hospital stay, pain score, and range of motion of a control group who had no local infiltration with a group who had local infiltration analgesia following TKA.
Methods: Randomization was done in 60 patients who underwent TKA in two groups, one who did not receive and the other who received a multimodal cocktail periarticular injection containing 30 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 1 ml of 30 mg ketorolac, 1 ml of 1 in 1000 adrenaline, 2 ml of 80 mg gentamycin, 5 ml of 750 mg cefuroxime, and rest 0.9% of normal saline. Visual analog score (VAS) for pain at rest was recorded and assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 2, 6, 12, 24, 36 h, 2, 3, and 7 days and during an activity at 24 h, 36 h, 2, 3, and 7 days.
Results: The patient who had received the local injection used very few analgesics over the first 24 h of surgery. Moreover, patients, where local infiltration was used, showed lower VAS for pain (at rest and during activity). They also showed higher VAS for patients’ satisfaction.
Conclusion: Due to the reduced post-operative pain with periarticular injection analgesia, it was observed that the pain and duration of hospital stay were significantly reduced.
A COMPARISON OF CAUSALITY ASSESSMENT TOOLS FOR SUSPECTED ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: CD PARIKH , CK DESAI , JD KAPADIA , MK SHAH 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare six causality assessment (CA) tools for suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported in hospitalized patients at a tertiary care hospital in India.
Methods: Intensive ADR monitoring was performed in indoor patients of two randomly selected medicine units. A detailed case report of each suspected ADR (n=120) was provided to six independent experts for CA using either visual analog scale (VAS) or WHO-UMC scale. Investigator assessed causality using Naranjo’s scale, Koh et al. scale, the French method, and Karch and Lasagna scale. Similar causality categories from these scales were coded for correlation. Agreement among experts and that between various CA tools were analyzed using Cohen’s kappa and Fleiss kappa. Reasons for disagreements among different scales were evaluated.
Results: A variation was observed in the total number of drugs suspected to cause ADR by experts and investigator. “Likely” and “Plausible” causality were suggested frequently by experts using VAS whereas “Possible” causal association was frequent according to experts using the WHO-UMC scale and also by the investigator using algorithms except Koh et al. scale. None to the slight agreement was observed among experts who used VAS (k=0.117), whereas a substantial agreement was observed among experts using the WHO-UMC scale (k=0.707). A substantial agreement was observed between Karch and Lasagna scale and the French method (k=0.740). Both scales demonstrated moderate agreement with Naranjo’s scale. Disagreement among the WHO-UMC scale, the French method, and Karch and Lasagna scale were associated with polypharmacy, serious ADRs, non-availability of laboratory data, and skin and subcutaneous tissue ADRs.
Conclusion: A higher inter-rater agreement with the WHO-UMC scale suggests its utility for CA of suspected ADRs in indoor patients. The French method and Karch and Lasagna scale can be used for CA in hospitalized patients as an adjunct to Naranjo’s scale. Factors associated with disagreement should be considered at the time of reporting ADRs and evaluating causality.
THE USE OF SOCIAL MEDIA FOR PHARMACISTS’ PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES IN UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: IBRAHIM OSAMA MOHAMED , IBRAHIM RANA , AL-TAMEEMI NOOR KIFAH , RILEY KAREN 
Published: July 2020

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the perception of patients and pharmacists in the United Arab Emirates about social media uses in health-care delivery.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed among patients and pharmacists residing in Dubai, Sharjah and Abu Dhabi. Their perception of social media uses in delivering health-care services was evaluated by analyzing their attitude toward the benefits and associated risks of social media.
Results: The survey study had a total of 267 participants, including 150 patients and 117 pharmacists. Based on the results, 69.2% of the pharmacists agreed that social media, text message, or e-mail can be effectively used by them to improve patient communication. For patients, the study showed that the greatest percentage (77.3%, n=116) utilize both: Disease-related information and information on drugs. About 69.2% of pharmacists chose WhatsApp to be the most used platform, and 60.7% of patients prefer using Instagram as a health-care platform.
Conclusion: The use of professional development tools for social networking is likely to continue to evolve. Integrating social media with the practice of pharmacy and patient care will have a positive impact on achieving optimal patient care.
PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM INDONESIAN WHITE TURMERIC (CURCUMA ZEDOARIA) RHIZOMES
Authors: DYAH UTAMI CAHYANING RAHAYU  , DWI AYU SETYANI  , HANHAN DIANHAR  , PURWANTININGSIH SUGITA  
Published: July 2020

Objective: The aim of the present study is to isolate phenolic compounds from Curcuma zedoaria rhizomes grown in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia, which will enrich phytochemical information from this plant.
Methods: C. zedoaria rhizomes were macerated in methanol then followed by increasing polarity partitions with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol, respectively. EtOAc fraction was further fractionated using various chromatography techniques to yield two isolated fractions, Z1 and Z2. These two isolated fractions were then characterized to determine their compound structures.
Results: According to Fourier transform-infrared, ultraviolet-vis, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS)/MS data, Z1 fraction was elucidated as curcuminoid derivative, that is, dimethoxycurcumin (DiMC, 1), while Z2 fraction was yielded as a mixture consisted of flavonoid and coumarin derivatives, that is, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-4’-methoxyflavon (kaempferide, 2) and 7-methoxy coumarin (herniarin, 3).
Conclusion: This study reveals useful information regarding phenolic constituents of Indonesian C. zedoaria rhizomes. Further research needs to be carried out to purify other compounds contained and to conduct bioactivity assays.
Role and place of modern innovative medical technologies in treatment of viral pneumonia
Authors: Svistov A. S. , Onikienko S. B. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose. To show the role of modern innovative medical technologies in the treatment of severe viral pneumonia caused by the COVID-19 virus.Materials and methods. Clinical signs of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were analyzed. Aspects of treatment of COVID-19 with the use of heated helium-oxygen mixture (HHOM) by applying Ingalit-V2-01 apparatus are shown.Results and discussion. Successful use of Ingalit-V2-01 apparatus in 17 patients is shown.Conclusion. Positive curative effect of modern high-technology innovative Ingalit-V2-01 apparatus, which provides a heated temperature up to 90–100° With a respiratory gas mixture of oxygen and helium together with an anticoagulant and surfactant in the early stages of coronavirus infection, it is associated not only with local (bronchopulmonary system), but also with systemic action on body.
Some aspects of studying the health risk of members of crews of marine vessels
Authors: Bogdanov A. A. , Voronov V. V. , Zagarov E. S. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: to study the acceptability of health risk factors of members of crews for shipbuilding purposes.Materials and methods. The data on occupational pathology of seafarers over the period 2009–2018 were analyzed. The primary incidence of the adult population of nine coastal regions was studied. A survey was conducted on discomfort of working conditions, habitability factors of 174 crew members of vessels of 3 types.Results and discussion. There is no records about occupational diseases of sailors over the past decade. The procedure for conducting a survey on the levels of discomfort of crew members is proposed.Conclusion. In a simplified model of the vessel operation, it is possible to use the average discomfort values of the prototypes of crew members as preliminary indicators of the object’s effectiveness in terms of habitability.
Emergent synergistic biopsychosocial determinants of resiliency of subjects of extreme activity
Authors: Kotovskaya S. V. , Belenkova L. Y. , Boyko I. M. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose. To establish the emergent-synergistic biopsychosocial determinants of the resiliency of subjects of extreme activity.Materials and methods. To identify the determinants of resiliency 764 male subjects of various occupational groups, whose daily activities included an extreme component at a substantive level, were examined. All respondents were divided into 2 groups: a group of professionals with a high level of resiliency and a group of respondents with a low level of resiliency.Results. Comparison of biopsychosocial features of subjects of extreme activity with the different level of resiliency showed that respondents with the high level of resiliency were focused on strategic life utilization, possessedsthenichyperthymic-demonstrative type of the personality, rational perception of reality, adequate level of aspiration, satisfaction with achievements path from the past to the present. Representatives of group with the low level of resiliencypreferred tactical use of psychophysiological resources, were characterized by sthenichyperthymic type of the personality with prevalence of domination in interpersonal communication, the irrational attitude towards reality, overestimated level of aspiration with orientation towards the future achievements.
To the question of improvement of the reporting medical documentation for a naval expedition
Authors: Zabrodskiy D. S. , Zaytsev A. G. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose. To analyze results of questionnaire survey of naval medical service specialists on the question of processing of reporting documentation during the cruise.Materials and methods. Questionnaire survey of chief medical officers, analysis of documents, Fisher angular transformation.Results and discussion. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of questionnaires was conducted. The analysis showed that the reporting form shall be simplified and the chief medical officer should be given greater freedom in analyzing various aspects of the medical support of the cruise (the report should be less formalized).Conclusion. Introduction of new reporting forms will allow to evaluate the efficiency of medical component during cruise and to give scientifically based recommendations to military equipment designers, ergonomists, and fleet command on issues of optimization of habitability specifications, implementation of new life-support technologies and lowering the accident rate on naval facilities.
Методология, методика, опыт работ по сохранению и приспособлению для современного использования парка Усадьбы Михалково. Часть 2
Authors: Belyaeva Elena , Markina Irina , Могинов Борис 
Published: July 2020

На примере работ по сохранению объекта культурного на­следия (ОКН) регионального значения «Усадьба Михалково» в Москве рассмотрены методология и методика проектирова­ния парковой реставрации и задачи их совершенствования.
В 1784-1788 годах в Михалкове в стиле «псевдоготики» был построен архитектурный ансамбль парадного двора (архитектор В.И. Баженов) и устроен обширный пейзажный парк, куда вошли уже существовавшие в ту пору регулярный парк с копаными прудами и Головинские пруды.
Площадь ОКН «Усадьба Михалково» более 50 га. «Ядро усадьбы», включающее ансамбль парадного двора с регулярным парком - ОКН федерального значения, имеет площадь около 8 га.
Анализ архивных материалов и натурные обследования показали, что архитектурно-пространственная и ландшафтная организация изучаемого произведения СПИ соответствуют основным принципам создания русских пейзажных парков этого периода, особенно парков, характерных для творчества В.И. Баженова и его последователей.
На примере ОКН «Усадьба Михалково» показано, как про­счёты в оценке композиционных «особенностей» пейзажных парков, их сохранности, отсутствие в «предмете охраны» цен­ных элементов ландшафта могут негативно влиять на резуль­таты парковой реставрации. Для Михалково рекомендовано углублённое изучение композиционных особенностей пей­зажного парка, доработка «предмета охраны», исправление недостатков недавно выполненной парковой реставрации. Изучение опыта выполненных работ по реставрации и при­способлению к современному использованию имеет значение как для будущих реставраций рассматриваемого парка, так и для других исторических парков.