bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Méthodologie interdisciplinaire de prévention des TMS : association de la Biomécanique et de la Clinique de l’activité
Authors: Savescu Adriana , Simonet Pascal , Gaudez Clarisse , Fernandez Gabriel 
Published: October 2020

En France et à l’international, les troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) restent les maladies professionnelles les plus répandues. La littérature scientifique a établi l’existence de liens entre la survenue des TMS et la réalisation des gestes en situation de travail. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment l’analyse biomécanique participe à la création d’outils d’intervention mis en œuvre dans un cadre méthodologique en clinique de l’activité dans une optique de prévention des TMS se basant sur l’analyse du geste. La méthodologie interdisciplinaire mise en œuvre auprès de huit fossoyeurs comprend plusieurs étapes incluant une analyse de l’activité musculaire des muscles de l’épaule et du dos laquelle est utilisée comme support à des autoconfrontations. Les résultats montrent que la méthodologie interdisciplinaire permet d’ouvrir plus largement la zone de développement potentiel du geste dans l’activité des fossoyeurs en stimulant leurs discussions professionnelles. La mise en visibilité et en discussion dans le métier de la variabilité inter et intra-individuelle de réalisation d’un même geste au contact des questions concrètes de travail a ouvert le milieu professionnel vers de nouvelles formes d’actions de prévention des TMS dans l’organisation prescrite du travail.
Mass Cytometry Analysis of the NK Cell Receptor–Ligand Repertoire Reveals Unique Differences between Dengue-Infected Children and Adults
Authors: McKechnie Julia L , Beltrán Davis , Ferreira Anne-Maud M , Vergara Rosemary , Saenz Lisseth , Vergara Ofelina , Estripeaut Dora , Araúz Ana B , Simpson Laura J , Holmes Susan , López-Vergès Sandra , Blish Catherine A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a significant cause of morbidity in many regions of the world, with children at the greatest risk of developing severe dengue. NK cells, characterized by their ability to rapidly recognize and kill virally infected cells, are activated during acute DENV infection. However, their role in viral clearance versus pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Our goal was to profile the NK cell receptor–ligand repertoire to provide further insight into the function of NK cells during pediatric and adult DENV infection. We used mass cytometry to phenotype isolate NK cells and PBMCs from a cohort of DENV-infected children and adults. Using unsupervised clustering, we found that pediatric DENV infection leads to a decrease in total NK cell frequency with a reduction in the percentage of CD56dimCD38bright NK cells and an increase in the percentage of CD56dimperforinbright NK cells. No such changes were observed in adults. Next, we identified markers predictive of DENV infection using a differential state test. In adults, NK cell expression of activation markers, including CD69, perforin, and Fas-L, and myeloid cell expression of activating NK cell ligands, namely Fas, were predictive of infection. In contrast, increased NK cell expression of the maturation marker CD57 and myeloid cell expression of inhibitory ligands, such as HLA class I molecules, were predictive of pediatric DENV infection. These findings suggest that acute pediatric DENV infection may result in diminished NK cell activation, which could contribute to enhanced pathogenesis and disease severity.
Development of a Flow Cytometry–Based Functional Assay to Study Anti-TNF Mechanisms of Action and Capture Donor Heterogeneity
Authors: García Celia Cartagena , Lefèvre Alexandra , Busnel Jean-Marc R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
TNF is a key cytokine in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, and TNF antagonists are commonly prescribed therapeutics. Although anti-TNF drugs have enabled a very significant progress in this field, disease heterogeneity remains and causes diversity in patient response. These challenges increase the need for anti-TNF characterization tools that may open perspectives toward the development of personalized medicine. In this study, we present a novel whole blood–based flow cytometry functional assay that allows, within a given whole blood sample, the characterization of an anti-TNF molecule mechanisms of action. Whole blood from healthy human donors was employed to mimic the physiological state but also to streamline experimental workflows. Samples were incubated with LPS alone or in combination with various anti-TNF molecules such as adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA), and infliximab. A 10-color flow cytometry panel including CD69, transmembrane TNF, CD16, CD62L, CD66b, CD11b, and CD54 as activation markers was used following a centrifugation-free protocol. CD69 expression decreased on NK, NKT, and T cells upon treatment with ADA, ETA, and IFX as a direct indication of forward signaling neutralization. Percentages of transmembrane TNF+ monocytes increased after incubation when using ADA or IFX but not ETA, revealing the potential of the two first molecules to trigger reverse signaling. Ab-dependent cell cytotoxicity was informed by CD16 and CD69 expressions in some donors that showed increasing levels of CD16− CD69+ NK cells when incubated with anti-TNFs. This study proposes a novel approach to assess anti-TNF mechanisms of action and provides a path toward capturing donor heterogeneity.
Polyglutamine-Related Aggregates Can Serve as a Potent Antigen Source for Cross-Presentation by Dendritic Cells
Authors: Tabachnick-Cherny Shira , Pinto Sivan , Berko Dikla , Curato Caterina , Wolf Yochai , Porat Ziv , Karmona Rotem , Tirosh Boaz , Jung Steffen , Navon Ami 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Protective MHC class I–dependent immune responses require an overlap between repertoires of proteins directly presented on target cells and cross-presented by professional APC, specifically dendritic cells. How stable proteins that rely on defective ribosomal proteins for direct presentation are captured for cell-to-cell transfer remains enigmatic. In this study, we address this issue using a combination of in vitro (C57BL/6-derived mouse cell lines) and in vivo (C57BL/6 mouse strains) approaches involving stable and unstable versions of OVA model Ags displaying defective ribosomal protein–dependent and –independent Ag presentation, respectively. Apoptosis, but not necrosis, of donor cells was found associated with robust global protein aggregate formation and captured stable proteins permissive for cross-presentation. Potency of aggregates to serve as Ag source was directly demonstrated using polyglutamine-equipped model substrates. Collectively, our data implicate global protein aggregation in apoptotic cells as a mechanism that ensures the overlap between MHC class I epitopes presented directly or cross-presented by APC and demonstrate the unusual ability of dendritic cells to process stable protein aggregates.
Innate Immune Responses and Gut Microbiomes Distinguish HIV-Exposed from HIV-Unexposed Children in a Population-Specific Manner
Authors: Amenyogbe Nelly , Dimitriu Pedro , Cho Patricia , Ruck Candice , Fortuno Edgardo S. , Cai Bing , Alimenti Ariane , Côté Hélène C. F. , Maan Evelyn J. , Slogrove Amy L. , Esser Monika , Marchant Arnaud , Goetghebuer Tessa , Shannon Casey P. , Tebbutt Scott J. , Kollmann Tobias R. , Mohn William W. , Smolen Kinga K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In both high- and low-income countries, HIV-negative children born to HIV-positive mothers (HIV exposed, uninfected [HEU]) are more susceptible to severe infection than HIV-unexposed, uninfected (HUU) children, with altered innate immunity hypothesized to be a cause. Both the gut microbiome and systemic innate immunity differ across biogeographically distinct settings, and the two are known to influence each other. And although the gut microbiome is influenced by HIV infection and may contribute to altered immunity, the biogeography of immune-microbiome correlations among HEU children have not been investigated. To address this, we compared the innate response and the stool microbiome of 2-y-old HEU and HUU children from Belgium, Canada, and South Africa to test the hypothesis that region-specific immune alterations directly correlate to differences in their stool microbiomes. We did not detect a universal immune or microbiome signature underlying differences between HEU versus HUU that was applicable to all children. But as hypothesized, population-specific differences in stool microbiomes were readily detected and included reduced abundances of short-chain fatty acid–producing bacteria in Canadian HEU children. Furthermore, we did not identify innate immune-microbiome associations that distinguished HEU from HUU children in any population. These findings suggest that maternal HIV infection is independently associated with differences in both innate immunity and the stool microbiome in a biogeographical population-specific way.
Increased Contact Time and Strength Deficits in Runners With Exercise-Related Lower Leg Pain
Authors: Koldenhoven Rachel M. , Virostek Amy , DeJong Alexandra F. , Higgins Michael , Hertel Jay 
Published: October 2020

Context
Exercise-related lower leg pain (ERLLP) is common in runners.

Objective
To compare biomechanical (kinematic, kinetic, and spatiotemporal) measures obtained from wearable sensors as well as lower extremity alignment, range of motion, and strength during running between runners with and those without ERLLP.

Design
Case-control study.

Setting
Field and laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Of 32 young adults who had been running regularly (&gt;10 mi [16 km] per week) for ≥3 months, 16 had ERLLP for ≥2 weeks and 16 were healthy control participants.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Both field and laboratory measures were collected at the initial visit. The laboratory measures consisted of alignment (arch height index, foot posture index, navicular drop, tibial torsion, Q-angle, and hip anteversion), range of motion (great toe, ankle, knee, and hip), and strength. Participants then completed a 1.67-mi (2.69-km) run along a predetermined route to calibrate the RunScribe devices. The RunScribe wearable sensors collected kinematic (pronation excursion and maximum pronation velocity), kinetic (impact g and braking g), and spatiotemporal (stride length, step length, contact time, stride pace, and flight ratio) measures. Participants then wore the sensors during at least 3 training runs in the next week.

Results
The ERLLP group had a slower stride pace than the healthy group, which was accounted for as a covariate in subsequent analyses. The ERLLP group had a longer contact time during the stance phase of running (mean difference [MD] = 18.00 ± 8.27 milliseconds) and decreased stride length (MD = −0.11 ± 0.05 m) than the control group. For the clinical measures, the ERLLP group demonstrated increased range of motion for great-toe flexion (MD = 13.9 ± 4.6°) and ankle eversion (MD = 6.3 ± 2.7°) and decreased strength for ankle inversion (MD = −0.49 ± 0.23 N/kg), ankle eversion (MD = −0.57 ± 0.27 N/kg), and hip flexion (MD = −0.99 ± 0.39 N/kg).

Conclusions
The ERLLP group exhibited a longer contact time and decreased stride length during running as well as strength deficits at the ankle and hip. Gait retraining and lower extremity strengthening may be warranted as clinical interventions in runners with ERLLP.
Effets des amendements sur la croissance, le rendement et la composition chimique de la morelle noire (<I>Solanum nigrum</I> L) en zone périurbaine de Yaoundé, Cameroun
Authors: Aboubakar Amina , Zing Bertrand Zing , Nzeket Aline Béatrice , Yaka Diane Armelle Moussima , Tchuente Armelle Nadine Tchudjo , Mewouo Yvette Clarisse Mfopou , Madong Charly Raymond Birang A 
Published: October 2020

Une gestion efficace de la fertilité des sols en zone urbaine est un grand défi pour la production alimentaire dans les villes sub-sahariennes. La présente étude évalue l'effet de l'utilisation des engrais organiques sur les paramètres de croissance, le rendement en feuilles et la composition chimique de la morelle noire. Cette expérimentation a été faite au jardin maraîcher de Nkolbisson. Le dispositif expérimental concernait quatre traitements : le témoin sans engrais (T1), 195 kg de N/ha d'engrais chimique (T2), 6,67 t/ha de fiente de poule (T3) et 6,67 t/ha de bouse de vache (T4). Les paramètres agronomiques de croissance ont été mesurés. Des différences très significatives (P <0,05) ont été observées entre les traitements. La tendance générale a montré une augmentation de la majorité des paramètres mesurés pour les traitements aux engrais. Les valeurs les plus élevées ont été obtenues pour T4. La classification des traitements en fonction de leur influence positive sur le rendement en feuille est T4(8,77 ± 1,15) t/ha> T3(6,38 ± 0,51) t/ha = T2(5,88 ± 1,06) t/ha> T1(4,09 ± 1,07) t/ha. L’utilisation d’engrais organiques produits dans la ville peut fournir des quantités de nutriments nécessaires pour la production des légumes feuilles noires et, par conséquent améliorer leurs rendements.
Mots clés : Bouse de vache, engrais minéral, fiente de poule, Solanum nigrum.
English title: Effects of amendments on growth, yield and chemical composition of black nightshade in suburban areas of Yaoundé, CameroonEfficient soil fertility management in urban areas is a big challenge for food production in sub-Saharan cities. This study assesses the effect of using organic fertilizers on growth parameters, leaf yield and chemical composition of black nightshade. This experiment was carried out at the Nkolbisson market garden. The experimental set-up involved four treatments: the control without fertilizer (T1), 195 kg of N / ha of chemical fertilizer (T2), 6.67 t / ha of chicken droppings (T3) and 6.67 t / ha of cow dung (T4). Agronomic growth parameters were measured. Very significant differences (P <0.05) were observed between the treatments. The general trend has shown an increase in the majority of the parameters measured for fertilizer treatments. The highest values were obtained for T4. The classification of treatments according to their positive influence on leaf yield is T4 (8.77 ± 1.15) t/ha> T3 (6.38 ± 0.51) t/ha = T2 (5.88 ± 1.06) t/ha> T1 (4.09 ± 1.07) t/ha. The use of organic fertilizers produced in the city can provide quantities of nutrients necessary for the production of black leafy vegetables and therefore improve their yields.Keywords: Chicken droppings, cow dung, mineral fertilizer, Solanum nigrum.
Efficacité au champ de l’ANTRACOL 70 WP, un fongicide à base du Propineb 70%, sous pression naturelle de l’helminthosporiose du riz due à <I>Bipolaris oryzae</I>
Authors: Bouet Alphonse , Gueu Richmond Kouato , Boka Arsène , Noumouha Ghislain N’Da Epa , Denezon Odette D. 
Published: October 2020

L’helminthosporiose est l’une des maladies fongiques majeures, à l’origine des pertes de production rizicole en Côte d’Ivoire. Dans le but de réduire ces pertes, une étude portant sur l’évaluation de l’efficacité du fongicide ANTRACOL 70 WP (Propineb 70%) a été réalisée sous pression naturelle de maladie. Trois doses du fongicide ANTRACOL 70 WP (1,5 kg ha-1, 2 kg ha-1, 2,5 kg ha-1) et une dose du fongicide de référence COGA 80 WP (mancozèbe, 800 g/kg) à 2 kg ha-1 ont été évaluées. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que les gains de rendement dus à l’utilisation du fongicide sont en moyenne de 80,05%. La note de sévérité (2) enregistrée dans la parcelle traitée avec l’ANTRACOL 70 WP a été identique à celle obtenue dans la parcelle traitée au COGA 80 WP. Ce résultat montre que l’ANTRACOL 70 WP a été efficace contre l’helminthosporiose du riz. Les rendements en paddy acquis sous les différents traitements fongicides ont montré qu’à la dose de 2,5 kg ha-1, l’ANTRACOL 70 WP a permis de doubler au moins le rendement en paddy (2,72 t ha-1) par rapport aux parcelles traitée au COGA (1,36 t ha-1) et non traitée au fongicide (0,89 t ha-1).Mots clés : Riz pluvial, helminthosporiose, sévérité, ANTRACOL 70 WP, Côte d’Ivoire.
English Title: Field efficacy of ANTRACOL 70 WP, a fungicide based on Propineb 70%, under natural pressure of rice leaf brown spot disease caused by Bipolaris oryzaeBrown spot is one of the major fungus diseases inducing yield losses of rice in Côte d’Ivoire. In order to reduce those losses, a study to assess the effectiveness of the fungicide ANTRACOL 70 WP (propineb 70%) was carried out under disease natural pressure. Three doses of the fungicide ANTRACOL 70 WP (1.5 kg ha-1, 2 kg ha-1, 2.5 kg ha-1) and a recommended dose of a reference fungicide COGA 80 WP (mancozeb, 800 g / kg) at 2 kg ha-1 were evaluated. The results obtained showed that the average yield gains due to the use of this fungicide was 80,05%. The severity score recorded in the plot treated with ANTRACOL 70 WP (note = 2) was identical to that obtained in the plot treated with COGA 80 WP. This result shows that ANTRACOL 70 WP was effective against brown spot disease of rice. The paddy yields recorded under the various fungicidal treatments have shown that at a dose of 2.5 kg ha-1, the ANTRACOL 70 WP allowed to at least double the paddy yield (2.72 t ha-1) compared to plots treated with COGA (1.36 t ha-1) and not treated with fungicide (0.89 t ha-1).Keywords: Rainfed rice, brown spot disease, severity, ANTRACOL 70 WP, Côte d´Ivoire.
Profils morpho-biometriques de la poule locale du Burkina Faso
Authors: Pinde S. , Tapsoba A.S.R. , Sanou M. , Traore F.G. , Ouedraogo R.W. , Ba S. , Traore A. , Tamboura H.H. , Simpore J. 
Published: October 2020

Au Burkina Faso les informations sur la poule locale sont rares entrainant des difficultés objectives de son exploitation rationnelle. Un total de 948 individus (692 femelles et 256 mâles) provenant de 251 élevages reparties dans les 3 zones agro-écologiques du Burkina Faso a été évalué pour 13 traits corporels quantitatifs et 09 qualitatifs dans le but de caractériser la variabilité phénotypique de la poule locale. Il ressort 13 coloris de plumage avec le blanc (19,16%) et l’herminé (16,75%) comme couleurs dominantes. Le site et le sexe ont eu une influence (p<0,05) sur les traits corporels analysés. L’Analyse en Composante Principale révèle l’existence de 2 sous-populations: une souche légère de petit gabarit (0,91 kg) dans les trois zones agro-écologiques et une souche lourde de grand gabarit (1,37 kg) dans les zones soudano-sahélienne et soudanienne, laissant présager des différences d’adaptation liées aux facteurs environnementaux. Un dimorphisme sexuel en faveur des mâles a été observé au niveau du poids vif moyen (1,64 kg vs 1,14 kg), de la longueur du corps (42,16 cm vs 37,30 cm) et du périmètre thoracique (29,01 cm vs 25,96 cm). Les résultats rapportés dans cette étude serviront de base pour l’élaboration de programmes de développement basés sur une exploitation rationnelle de la poule locale.Mots clés : Caractérisation phénotypique, poules locales, zones agro-écologiques, Burkina Faso.

In Burkina Faso, information on poultry genetic resources is scarce and this scenario does not allow an accurate identification and management strategy for this species. A total of 948 individuals (692 females and 256 males) belonging to 251 different household, accros the 3 agro-ecological zones of Burkina Faso have been assessed for 13 quantitative traits and 9 qualitative traits in order to characterize phenotypic variability of local poultry. The most frequent plumage colors are white (19.16%) and hermine (16.75%) out of 13 different coulors identified. The site and the sex of the individuals had a statistically significant influence (P <0.05) on the 13 body measurements analyzed. Principal Component Analysis reveals the existence of 2 subpopulations in the 3 agro-ecological zones, a light hen with small size (0.91 kg) and a heavy and large size hen (1.37 kg), almost encountered in Sudan-Sahel and Sudan areas, suggesting differences in adaptation due to environmental factors. A sexual dimorphism was observed in favor of the males considering bodyweight (1,64 kg vs 1,14 kg), body length (42.16 cm vs 37.30 cm) and the Heart girth (29.01 cm vs 25.96 cm for females). The results reported in the current study will be useful for the establishment of breeding programme based on rational management of local poultry in Burkina Faso.Keywords : Phenotypic characterization, local hens, agro-ecological zones, Burkina Faso.
Potency of Ethanol Extract and Fractions of the Leaf of <i>Annona muricata</i> against <i>Aedes aegypti</i> Larvae
Authors: Umohata I.A , Ubulom P.M.E , Thomas P.S , Nwangwu U.S 
Published: October 2020

Annona muricata L. is a plant commonly used in Southern Nigeria, for nutritional and medicinal purposes. This study wascarried out to determine the larvicidal potentials of ethanol extract and fractions of the leaf of A. muricata. The ethanol leafextract was subjected to phytochemical screening using standard protocol. The leaf crude extract and fractions (i.e., ethylacetate and n-hexane) were used for larvicidal assay. The stock solution (5g each in 100ml of water) was prepared. From thestock solution 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60 and 0.75_ %w/v concentrations of extract and fractions were prepared and eachconcentration of the extract and fractions had 5 replicates. The control (100ml water and larval nutrient only) was alsoreplicated . Twenty (20), third instar, larvae of Aedes aegypti were exposed to each extract concentration and fractions andtheir controls. Larval nutrient was added to each experimental set up. Observations were made after 24 and 48 hours exposureperiod. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of some plant metabolites (alkaloids, saponins, tannins etc).Mortality of larvae exposed to the extract and fractions increased with increased in extract concentration and exposure time.This study revealed a differential potency of the extract and fractions used and a difference in susceptibility of larvae to theextract and fractions as evident by the 48hLC values obtained. Exposure of larvae to 0.75_ %w/v of ethanol extract and ethyl 50acetate fraction resulted in 100 _% mortality after 48 hours exposure period. Probit analysis gave 48hr_LC50 values of 0.33and 0.24_ %w/v for ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction, respectively. The n-hexane fraction was the least potent with48h_LC50 value of 0.5461%w/v. Results obtained from this study suggest that the leaf extract and fractions of A. muricatahold potential as larvicides against Ae. aegypti. Its active ingredient should be isolated, characterized and formulated for usein larval habitats.
Keywords: Potency, Extract, Fractions, Annona muricata, Aedes aegypti