bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative POPQ versus Simulated Apical Support as a Guideline for Anterior or Posterior Repair at the Time of Transvaginal Apical Suspension (PREPARE trial): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jeon Myung Jae , Kim Chul Hong , Cho Hyun-Hee , Suh Dong Hoon , Kim Soo Rim 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionTransvaginal reconstructive surgery is the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse. Although adequate support for the vaginal apex is considered essential for durable surgical repair, the optimal management of anterior and posterior vaginal wall prolapse in women undergoing transvaginal apical suspension remains unclear. The objective of this trial is to compare surgical outcomes of pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POPQ)-based surgery with outcomes of simulated apical support-based surgery for anterior or posterior vaginal wall prolapse at the time of transvaginal apical suspension.Methods and analysisThis is a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority trial. While women who are assigned to the POPQ-based surgery group will undergo anterior or posterior colporrhaphy for all stage 2 or greater anterior or posterior vaginal prolapse, those assigned to simulated apical support-based surgery will receive anterior or posterior colporrhaphy only for the prolapse unresolved under simulated apical support. The primary outcome measure is the composite surgical success, defined as the absence of anatomical (anterior or posterior vaginal descent beyond the hymen or descent of the vaginal apex beyond the half-way point of vagina) or symptomatic (the presence of vaginal bulge symptoms) recurrence or retreatment for prolapse by either surgery or pessary, at 2 years after surgery. Secondary outcomes include the rates of anterior or posterior colporrhaphy, the changes in anatomical outcomes, condition-specific quality of life and sexual function, perioperative outcomes and adverse events.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the institutional review board of each participating centre (Seoul National University College of Medicine/Seoul National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Hospital, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, International St. Mary’s Hospital). The results of the study will be published in peer-reviewed journals, and the findings will be presented at scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT03187054
Targeted and tailored pharmacist-led intervention to improve adherence to antihypertensive drugs among patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia: study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Alfian Sofa D , Abdulah Rizky , Denig Petra , van Boven Job F M , Hak Eelko 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionCurrent intervention programme to improve drug adherence are either too complex or expensive for implementation and scale-up in low-middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to assess the process and effects of implementing a low-cost, targeted and tailored pharmacist intervention among patients with type 2 diabetes who are non-adherent to antihypertensive drugs in a real-world primary care Indonesian setting.Methods and analysisA cluster randomised controlled trial with a 3-month follow-up will be conducted in 10 community health centres (CHCs) in Indonesia. Type 2 diabetes patients aged 18 years and older who reported non-adherence to antihypertensive drugs according to the Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) are eligible to participate. Patients in CHCs randomised to the intervention group will receive a tailored intervention based on their personal adherence barriers. Interventions may include reminders, habit-based strategies, family support, counselling to educate and motivate patients, and strategies to address other drug-related problems. Interventions will be provided at baseline and at a 1-month follow-up. Simple question-based flowcharts and an innovative adherence intervention wheel are provided to support the pharmacy staff. Patients in CHCs randomised to the control group will receive usual care based on the Indonesian guideline. The primary outcome is the between-group difference in medication adherence change from baseline to 3-month follow-up assessed by MARS. Secondary outcomes include changes in patients’ blood pressure, their medication beliefs assessed by the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ)-specific, as well as process characteristics of the intervention programme from a pharmacist and patient perspective.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained from the Ethical Committee of Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia (No. 859/UN6.KEP/EC/2019) and all patients will provide written informed consent prior to participation. The findings of the study will be disseminated through international conferences, one or more peer-reviewed journals and reports to key stakeholders.Trial registration numberNCT04023734.
Association of postoperative covert stroke and cognitive dysfunction among elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: protocol for a prospective cohort study (PRECISION study)
Authors: Cui Qianyu , Wang Dexiang , Zeng Min , Dong Jia , Jin Hailong , Hu Zhengfang , Zhang Yuan , Peng Yuming , Han Ruquan 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionThe incidence of covert stroke and cognitive dysfunction has gradually increased due to an ageing population. Recently, a prospective cohort study reported perioperative covert stroke was associated with an increased risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) 1 year after non-cardiac surgery. However, the mechanism remains unclear.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective observational trial aiming to investigate the cumulative incidence of perioperative covert stroke and test the hypothesis that perioperative covert stroke associates with POCD in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac and non-neurological surgery. Data on risk factors, brain MRI, cognitive function evaluation and serum immune-inflammatory cytokines will be collected and analysed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University (reference number: KY2017-027-02). The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals.Trial registration numberNCT03081429.
Exploring the influencing factors for non-utilisation of healthcare facilities during childbirth: a special mixed-method study of Bangladesh and 13 other low- and middle-income countries based on Demographic and Health Survey data
Authors: Siddiquee Tanjim , Halder Henry Ratul , Islam Md Akhtarul 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo identify the associated factors affecting the decision regarding institutional delivery for pregnant women in 14 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).DesignA special mixed-method design was used to combine cross-sectional studies for harmonising data from Bangladesh and 13 other countries to obtain extended viewpoints on non-utilisation of institutional healthcare facilities during childbirth.SettingDemographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for 14 LMICs were used for the study.ParticipantsThere are several kinds of datasets in the DHS. Among them‘IndividualWomen’s Records’was used as this study is based on all ever-married women.ResultsIn the binary logistic and meta-analysis models for Bangladesh, ORs for birth order were 0.57 and 0.51 and for respondents’ age were 1.50 and 1.07, respectively. In all 14 LMICs, the most significant factors for not using institutional facilities during childbirth were respondents’ age (OR 0.903, 95% CI 0.790 to 1.032) and birth order (OR 0.371, 95% CI 0.327 to 0.421).ConclusionBirth order and respondents’ age were the two most significant factors for non-utilisation of healthcare facilities during childbirth in 14 LMICs.
Study of type 2 diabetes management among patients in a Macau primary care setting
Authors: Wong In 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundIn the primary care setting in Macau, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the seventh most common reason for consultation. Inadequate glycaemic control constitutes a major public health problem and is associated with premature death and disability and decreased quality of life. Moreover, this condition substantially increases healthcare expenditures.ObjectiveThe primary objective was to assess the successful glycaemic control rates, blood pressure (BP) and cholesterol control rates in patients with T2DM in a Macau primary care setting. The secondary objective of this study was to assess the delay of insulin initiation in the Sao Lourence Health Center.MethodsPatients were stratified according to age (<65 years vs ≥65 years) and sex. Successful glycaemic control was defined as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) <7%. Successful cholesterol control was defined as a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level <2.6 mmol/L, and BP control was defined as BP <140/90 mm Hg.ResultsAmong the 2157 participants included in this study, 1046 (48.5%) patients had HbA1c <7%, 1209 (56.1%) patients had BP <140/90 mm Hg and 1244 (57.7%) patients had LDL-C <2.6 mmol/L. In conclusion, only 403 (18.7%) patients met the targets for all three measures. Of the 235 patients who were on insulin therapy, the mean (±SD) duration from T2DM diagnosis to insulin initiation was 7.47±6.52 years, the mean (±SD) duration from HbA1c not meeting the target (HbA1c ≥7% over 1 year and persistently) to insulin initiation was 3.34±3.66 years and the mean baseline HbA1c was 9.13%. Compared with patients with a longer duration (≥5 years) of HbA1c not meeting the target before insulin initiation, those who started insulin within 1 year of HbA1c not meeting the target had a better glycaemic control rate (40.7% vs 13%).ConclusionsNearly half of the patients at Sao Lourence Health Center, a primary care centre in Macau, met the glycaemic control target, but less than one-fifth of patients met all three targets for T2DM control. Moreover, there was a delay in insulin initiation for people with T2DM.
Orai1 Channel Inhibition Preserves Left Ventricular Systolic Function and Normal Ca
2+
Handling After Pressure Overload
Authors: Bartoli Fiona , Bailey Marc A. , Rode Baptiste , Mateo Philippe , Antigny Fabrice , Bedouet Kaveen , Gerbaud Pascale , Gosain Rajendra , Plante Jeffrey , Norman Katherine , Gomez Susana , Lefebvre Florence , Rucker-Martin Catherine , Ainscough Justin F.X. , Kearney Mark T. , Bruns Alexander-Francisco , Shi Jian , Appleby Hollie L. , Young Richard S. , Shawer Heba M. , Debant Marjolaine , Gomez Ana-Maria , Beech David J. , Foster Richard , Benitah Jean-Pierre , Sabourin Jessica 
Published: January 2020

Background:

Orai1 is a critical ion channel subunit, best recognized as a mediator of store-operated Ca
2+
entry (SOCE) in nonexcitable cells. SOCE has recently emerged as a key contributor of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure but the relevance of Orai1 is still unclear.

Methods:

To test the role of these Orai1 channels in the cardiac pathophysiology, a transgenic mouse was generated with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of an ion pore-disruptive Orai1
R91W
mutant (C-dnO1). Synthetic chemistry and channel screening strategies were used to develop 4-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-[(pyridin-4-yl)methyl]aniline (hereafter referred to as JPIII), a small-molecule Orai1 channel inhibitor suitable for in vivo delivery.

Results:

Adult mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) developed cardiac hypertrophy and reduced ventricular function associated with increased Orai1 expression and Orai1-dependent SOCE (assessed by Mn
2+
influx). C-dnO1 mice displayed normal cardiac electromechanical function and cellular excitation-contraction coupling despite reduced Orai1-dependent SOCE. Five weeks after TAC, C-dnO1 mice were protected from systolic dysfunction (assessed by preserved left ventricular fractional shortening and ejection fraction) even if increased cardiac mass and prohypertrophic markers induction were observed. This is correlated with a protection from TAC-induced cellular Ca
2+
signaling alterations (increased SOCE, decreased [Ca
2+
]
i
transients amplitude and decay rate, lower SR Ca
2+
load and depressed cellular contractility) and SERCA2a downregulation in ventricular cardiomyocytes from C-dnO1 mice, associated with blunted Pyk2 signaling. There was also less fibrosis in heart sections from C-dnO1 mice after TAC. Moreover, 3 weeks treatment with JPIII following 5 weeks of TAC confirmed the translational relevance of an Orai1 inhibition strategy during hypertrophic insult.

Conclusions:
The findings suggest a key role of cardiac Orai1 channels and the potential for Orai1 channel inhibitors as inotropic therapies for maintaining contractility reserve after hypertrophic stress.
Between the Abstract and the Concrete: A Constraint-Based Approach to Navigating Instrumental Space
Authors: Döbereiner Luc 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article deals with a way that algorithmic composition systems can be informed by material realities of musical performance. After a general discussion of the relation of abstract algorithms to concrete materiality, the article focuses on the idea of an instrument's space of possibilities. It briefly discusses a number of compositional approaches that seek to derive musical structure from bodily movements and from the physical properties of instruments. The last part describes a new open-source JavaScript library called OboeJS and a Web application based on this library. The system is an experimental exploration of the idea of instrumental space and an attempt to bring together abstract algorithmic processing and the concrete possibilities of a musical instrument. The system implements a flexible constraint-based search algorithm for the generation of oboe fingering sequences. This tool is presented as part of a wider approach to algorithmic composition that aims not to map data output of generative procedures to “sound generators” (e.g., performers, instruments, sound synthesis processes). Instead, I propose to derive structure from the space of possibilities of the instrument itself, which in this case is the oboe.
Robot Opera: Bridging the Anthropocentric and the Mechanized Eccentric
Authors: Sigman Alexander 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The recent emergence of robot opera, in which robots and robotic entities have served polyvalent and at times ontologically ambiguous roles, has challenged the distinction made by Bauhaus artist László Moholy-Nagy between anthropocentric and mechanized eccentric theater, as is outlined in his 1924 essay “Theater, Circus, Variety.” When incorporated into the context of music theater, is the robot dimension intended to replace human activities and modes of expression; to augment, disembody or dislocate them; or rather to absorb them, such that the robot becomes an ersatz human presence in and of itself? If the latter, does the robot adequately emulate human attributes of musical expression, or does it establish its own artificial expressive mode and set of performance techniques? With Moholy-Nagy's criteria for a so-called Theater of Totality and these leading questions in the background, salient robot opera examples of the past several years will be discussed. Repertoire examples include Tod Machover's pioneering Death and the Powers (2010), the Komische Oper Berlin production My Square Lady (2015), Keiichiro Shibuya's Scary Beauty (2018), and works emerging from the University of Sussex Centre for Research in Opera and Music Theatre Robot Opera Mini Symposium, held in 2017.
Laryngeal mask versus facemask in the respiratory management during catheter ablation
Authors: Koyama Takashi , Kobayashi Masanori , Ichikawa Tomohide , Wakabayashi Yasushi , Toma Daiki , Abe Hidetoshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study is to investigate if a laryngeal mask could improve respiratory condition during radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA).

Methods
Twenty-four consecutive patients who underwent RFCA for atrial fibrillation were divided into two groups (Facemask group; n = 10, Laryngeal mask group; n = 14). All patients were completely sedated under intravenous anesthesia and fitted with artificial respirators during the RFCA. The capnography waveforms and their differential coefficients were analyzed to evaluate the changes of end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) values, respiratory intervals, expiratory durations, and inspiratory durations.

Results
During the RFCA, ETCO2 values of the laryngeal mask group were higher than those of the facemask group (36.0 vs. 29.2 mmHg, p = 0.005). The respiratory interval was significantly longer in the laryngeal mask group than those in the facemask group (4.28 s vs.5.25 s, p < 0.001). In both expiratory and inspiratory phases, the mean of the maximum and minimum values of CO2 was significantly higher when using a laryngeal mask than when using a facemask. The inspiratory-expiratory ratio of the laryngeal mask group was significantly larger than that of the facemask group (1.59 vs. 1.27, p < 0.001). The total procedure duration, fluoroscopic duration and the ablation energy were significantly lower in the laryngeal mask group than in the facemask group. The ETCO2 value is the most influential parameter on the fluoroscopic duration during the RFCA procedure (β = − 0.477, p = 0.029).

Conclusions
The use of a laryngeal mask could stabilize respiration during intravenous anesthesia, which could improve the efficiency of RFCA.
Magnetic γFe2O3@Sh@Cu2O: an efficient solid-phase catalyst for reducing agent and base-free click synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Norouzi Fereshteh , Javanshir Shahrzad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA hybrid magnetic material γFe2O3@Sh@cu2O was easily prepared from Shilajit (Sh) decorated Fe3O4and copper acetate. The prepared magnetic hybrid material was fully characterized using different analysis, including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). All these analysis revealed that during coating of Fe3O4@Sh using copper salt (II), synchronized redox sorption of CuIIto CuIoccurs at the same time as the oxidation of Fe3O4to γFe2O3. This magnetic catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity for regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles via one pot three-component click reaction of sodium azide, terminal alkynes and benzyl halides in the absence of any reducing agent. High yields, short reaction time, high turnover number and frequency (TON = 3.5 * 105and TOF = 1.0 * 106 h−1respectively), easy separation, and efficient recycling of the catalyst are the strengths of the present method.
Factors associated with sexual violence among female administrative staff of Mekelle University, North Ethiopia
Authors: Galu Sara Bahta , Gebru Haftu Berhe , Abebe Yohannes Tesfay , Gebrekidan Kahsu Gebrekirstos , Aregay Atsede Fantahun , Hailu Kidane Gebremicheal , Abera Gerezgiher Buruh 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective
To assess factors associated with sexual violence among female administrative staffs of Mekelle University, North Ethiopia.

Results
From the total number of participants, 188 (52.8%) had shift work and 110 (30.9%) of these had day and night shift. About half 180 (50.2%) of the participants face sexual violence similarly, 53 (14.9%) of the victims of violence performed by their boss. In multiple logistic regression analysis young age [AOR: 2.319 (1.059–5.075)], educational status of secondary school or less [AOR: 1.981 (1.126–3.485)], office and students related workplace [AOR: 4.143 (1.975–8.687), 2.887 (1.396–5.973)], having night shift [AOR: 2.131 (1.258–3.611)], having multiple partner (AOR: 8.916 (3.052–26.047)] and knowing other female violated in office [AOR: 3.920 (2.326–6.606)] were the factors associated with sexual violence.
Production of foot-and-mouth disease virus SAT2 VP1 protein
Authors: Mamabolo Mpho Victoria , Theron Jacques , Maree Francois , Crampton Michael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe seven serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) differ on the surface exposed regions on the VP1, 2 and 3 proteins. Amongst the three, the VP1 protein has been produced the most for use in serotyping assays for some of the Euro-Asian serotypes. In this study the VP1 protein of the FMDV SAT2/ZIM/7/83 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells in Luria broth and EnPresso® B media in shake flasks. Production was further developed and the VP1 protein was produced at 2.15 g L−1 in fed-batch fermentations at 2 L scale. The protein formed insoluble inclusion bodies that were isolated, denatured and refolded. When tested in ELISA, the protein was found to be highly reactive with serum from a SAT2 vaccinated guinea pig, and not reactive to SAT1 and SAT3 antisera. These results open avenues to evaluate recombinantly expressed VP1 proteins for differentiation of the three Southern African Territories serotypes of FMDV that co-occur in Southern and East Africa. In addition, this could mitigate the need for employing virus as reagent, or having to raise reagent antibodies.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: SNHG6 modulates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced endothelial cells injury through miR-135a-5p/ROCK in atherosclerosis
Authors: Shan Haiyan , Guo Dawei , Zhang Siyang , Qi Huimeng , Liu Shen , Du Yanmei , He Yini , Wang Bofu , Xu Ming , Yu Xiaosong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Plenty of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in the progression of atherosclerosis. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) is a well known lncRNA that is aberrantly high expressed in atherosclerosis patients. However, its function and basic mechanism in atherosclerosis events have not been well clarified.

Methods
The expression patterns of SNHG6, miR-135a-5p, ROCK1 and ROCK2 in clinical samples and cells were detected by RT-qPCR assays. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry assays, ELISA and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) detection, were performed to assess cell viability, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, respectively. Western blot analysis was carried out to examine the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, and SNHG6. Luciferase reporter and RIP assays were used to confirm the true interaction between SNHG6 and miR-135a-5p, or miR-135a-5p and ROCK.

Results
The levels of SNHG6, ROCK1 and ROCK2 were notably increased and miR-135a-5p was decreased in atherosclerosis patients and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated HUVECs. Knockdown of SNHG6 alleviated ox-LDL-induced injury of HUVECs, while this effect was partly reversed by miR-135a-5p inhibitor. Moreover, overexpression of ROCKs aggravated miR-135a-5p-alleviated atherosclerosis cell injury. SNHG6 contributed to ROCK expression through sequestering miR-135a-5p as a molecular sponge.

Conclusion
SNHG6 functions as a promoter in atherosclerosis events by targeting miR-135a-5p/ROCK axis in ox-LDL-stimulated HUVECs. This finding will help to develop a novel therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis.