bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age and environment-related differences in gait in healthy adults using wearables
Authors: Czech Matthew D. , Psaltos Dimitrios , Zhang Hao , Adamusiak Tomasz , Calicchio Monica , Kelekar Amey , Messere Andrew , Van Dijk Koene R. A. , Ramos Vesper , Demanuele Charmaine , Cai Xuemei , Santamaria Mar , Patel Shyamal , Karahanoglu F. Isik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTechnological advances in multimodal wearable and connected devices have enabled the measurement of human movement and physiology in naturalistic settings. The ability to collect continuous activity monitoring data with digital devices in real-world environments has opened unprecedented opportunity to establish clinical digital phenotypes across diseases. Many traditional assessments of physical function utilized in clinical trials are limited because they are episodic, therefore, cannot capture the day-to-day temporal fluctuations and longitudinal changes in activity that individuals experience. In order to understand the sensitivity of gait speed as a potential endpoint for clinical trials, we investigated the use of digital devices during traditional clinical assessments and in real-world environments in a group of healthy younger (n = 33, 18–40 years) and older (n = 32, 65–85 years) adults. We observed good agreement between gait speed estimated using a lumbar-mounted accelerometer and gold standard system during the performance of traditional gait assessment task in-lab, and saw discrepancies between in-lab and at-home gait speed. We found that gait speed estimated in-lab, with or without digital devices, failed to differentiate between the age groups, whereas gait speed derived during at-home monitoring was able to distinguish the age groups. Furthermore, we found that only three days of at-home monitoring was sufficient to reliably estimate gait speed in our population, and still capture age-related group differences. Our results suggest that gait speed derived from activities during daily life using data from wearable devices may have the potential to transform clinical trials by non-invasively and unobtrusively providing a more objective and naturalistic measure of functional ability.
Unusual bridged angucyclinones and potent anticancer compounds from Streptomyces bulli GJA1
Authors: Kim Jung Wha , Kwon Yun , Bang Sunghee , Kwon Ha Eun , Park Sunwoo , Lee Yeonhee , Deyrup Stephen T. , Song Gwonhwa , Lee Dongho , Joo Hwang-Soo , Shim Sang Hee 
Published: September 2020

Two new unusual angucyclinones (1 and 2) with intramolecular ether bridges with two known ones (3 and 4) were isolated from Streptomyces bulli. Compound 3 exhibited potent anti-proliferative and anti-virulent activities against MRSA.
Predictors of Treatment Response for Preschool Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Kapa Leah L. , Meyers-Denman Christina , Plante Elena , Doubleday Kevin 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Enhanced Conversational Recast treatment is an effective intervention for remediating expressive grammatical deficits in preschool-age children with developmental language disorder, but not all children respond equally well. In this study, we sought to identify which child-level variables predict response to treatment of morphological deficits.

Method

Predictor variables of interest, including pre-intervention test scores and target morpheme production, age, and mother's level of education (proxy for socio-economic status) were included in analyses. The sample included 105 children (
M
= 5;1 [years;months]) with developmental language disorder who participated in 5 weeks of daily Enhanced Conversational Recast treatment. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to identify covariates that predicted children's generalization of their trained grammatical morpheme, as measured by treatment effect size
d
.

Results
Our analysis indicates that the Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test–Preschool 2 (SPELT-P 2) scores and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition scores significantly predicted the degree of benefit a child derived from Enhanced Conversational Recast treatment. Specifically, a SPELT-P 2 score above 75 (but still in the impaired range, < 87) combined with a high Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition score (> 100) yielded the largest treatment effect size, whereas a SPELT-P 2 score below 75 predicted the smallest treatment effect size. Other variables included in the model did not significantly predict treatment outcomes.

Conclusions
Understanding individual differences in response to treatment will allow service providers to make evidence-based decisions regarding how likely a child is to benefit from Enhanced Conversational Recast treatment and the expected magnitude of the response based on the child's background characteristics.
The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey
Authors: Gruppioni C. , Béthermin M. , Loiacono F. , Le Fèvre O. , Capak P. , Cassata P. , Faisst A. L. , Schaerer D. , Silverman J. , Yan L. , Bardelli S. , Boquien M. , Carraro R. , Cimatti A. , Dessauges-Zavadsky M. , Ginolfi M. , Fujimoto S. , Hathi N. P. , Jones G. C. , Khusanova Y. , Koekemoer A. M. , Lagache G. , Lemaux B. C. , Oesch P. A. , Pozzi F. , Riechers D. A. , Rodighiero G. , Romano M. , Talia M. , Vallini L. , Vergani D. , Zamorani G. , Zucca E. 
Published: September 2020

Aims. We present the detailed characterisation of a sample of 56 sources serendipitously detected in ALMA band 7 as part of the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate CII at Early Times (ALPINE). These sources, detected in COSMOS and ECDFS, have been used to derive the total infrared luminosity function (LF) and to estimate the cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) up to z ≃ 6.
Methods. We looked for counterparts of the ALMA sources in all the available multi-wavelength (from HST to VLA) and photometric redshift catalogues. We also made use of deeper UltraVISTA and Spitzer source lists and maps to identify optically dark sources with no matches in the public catalogues. We used the sources with estimated redshifts to derive the 250 μm rest-frame and total infrared (8–1000 μm) LFs from z ≃ 0.5 to 6.
Results. Our ALMA blind survey (860 μm flux density range: ∼0.3–12.5 mJy) allows us to further push the study of the nature and evolution of dusty galaxies at high-z, identifying luminous and massive sources to redshifts and faint luminosities never probed before by any far-infrared surveys. The ALPINE data are the first ones to sample the faint end of the infrared LF, showing little evolution from z ≃ 2.5 to z ≃ 6, and a “flat” slope up to the highest redshifts (i.e. 4.5 <  z <  6). The SFRD obtained by integrating the luminosity function remains almost constant between z ≃ 2 and z ≃ 6, and significantly higher than the optical or ultra-violet derivations, showing a significant contribution of dusty galaxies and obscured star formation at high-z. About 14% of all the ALPINE serendipitous continuum sources are found to be optically and near-infrared (near-IR) dark (to a depth Ks ∼ 24.9 mag). Six show a counterpart only in the mid-IR and no HST or near-IR identification, while two are detected as [C II] emitters at z ≃ 5. The six HST+near-IR dark galaxies with mid-IR counterparts are found to contribute about 17% of the total SFRD at z ≃ 5 and to dominate the high-mass end of the stellar mass function at z >  3.
FALSTAFF, an apparatus to study fission fragment properties First arm results
Authors: Deshayes Quentin , Berthoumieux Eric , Doré Diane , Thulliez Loic , Combet Michel , Kebbiri Mariam , Legou Philippe , Marcel Alain , Mols Jean-Philippe , Frégeau Marc-Olivier , Herlant Sébastien , Ledoux Xavier , Pancin Julien 
Published: September 2020

Nuclear fission is a complex process that still need fundamental studies. New measurements, particularly of correlated observables, could allow to develop more sophisticated theoretical models to eventually have truly predictive capabilities for the physics of fission. Moreover, the next generation reactors concepts are mostly foreseen to operate in the fast-neutron energy domain, requiring new high quality nuclear data. In this context, a new experimental setup, called FALSTAFF, dedicated to the study of fission is under development. The FALSTAFF setup aims to investigate the fission of actinides in the fast-neutron energy domain (from a few hundreds of keV to a few MeV). Once completed, this two-arm spectrometer will detect both fragments in coincidence and allow to measure their time of flight (ToF) and kinetic energy. The average neutron multiplicity as a function of the fission fragment mass can then be assessed.
The first arm of the FALSTAFF spectrometer was built. It is composed of two main parts: first, two SED-MWPC (Multi-Wire Proportional Counter) detectors are used to measure the time-of-flight as well as the position of the fragments, thus reconstructing their velocity. Second, an axial ionisation chamber gives their kinetic energy and the energy loss profile. This proceeding will describe the FALSTAFF setup as well as the methods that are used to extract the required observables, leading up to the reconstruction of the neutron multiplicity to study the fission process. Then, the recent results obtained with the first arm of FALSTAFF will be presented, exhibiting kinetic energy, velocity and post-evaporation mass distributions. These observables will be displayed for 252Cf spontaneous fission and some of the improvements recently made will be discussed.
The High-Energy Intra-Nuclear Cascade Liège-based Residual (HEIR) nuclear data library
Authors: Fleming M. , David J-C. , Rodríguez-Sánchez J.L. , Fiorito L. , Gilbert M. , Stainer T. 
Published: September 2020

It is standard practice for nuclear data files to include tabulated data for distinct reaction channels for incident energies up to 20-30 MeV. Above these energies, the assumptions implicit in the definition of individual channels break down and event generators are typically used within codes that simulate nuclear observables in applications. These offer robust simulation of the physics but increase the computational burden. So-called ‘high-energy’ nuclear data files have been produced, but the well-known libraries are more than a decade old and rely upon models developed many years before their release. This presentation describes a modern library with a high level of production automation that offers regular updates as the models it is based upon are improved.
The most recent versions of the intra-nuclear cascade and de-excitation models available within Geant4 were used to generate tabulated data of residual nuclide production. For the first released library, the INCL++5.3 and ABLA version within Geant4 v10.3 were used to calculate over 1012 incident protons over 2095 target isotopes with incident energies up to 1 GeV. These were collated into tabulated data in the international-standard ENDF-6 format. The resulting files were provided as group-wise files and were distributed as HEIR-0.1 with the FISPACT-II version 4.0 release.
A second library, HEIR-0.2, has been generated using the new INCL++6.0 and C++ translation of the ABLA07 model available within Geant4 v10.4. Simulations were performed using incident protons, neutrons, deuterons and π±. An improved agreement is observed in the comparison to experimental data not only between the two versions, but against the other well-known high-energy nuclear data files and models available within Geant4. This benchmark includes mass and isotopic distributions, as well as incident-energy dependent cumulative and independent cross sections from the EXFOR database.
Long-Term Clinical Outcome in Elderly Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Götte Julia , Zittermann Armin , Hakim-Meibodi Kavous , Hata Masatoshi , Schramm Rene , Bleiziffer Sabine , Parsa Mohammed Amin , Gummert Jan , Renner Andre 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Long-term data on patients over 75 years undergoing mitral valve (MV) repair are scarce. At our high-volume institution, we, therefore, aimed to evaluate mortality, stroke risk, and reoperation rates in these patients.
Methods We investigated clinical outcomes in 372 patients undergoing MV repair with (n = 115) or without (n = 257) tricuspid valve repair. The primary endpoint was the probability of survival up to a maximum follow-up of 9 years. Secondary clinical endpoints were stroke and reoperation of the MV during follow-up. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis was performed to assess independent predictors of mortality. Mortality was also compared with the age- and sex-adjusted general population.
Results During a median follow-up period of 37 months (range: 0.1–108 months), 90 patients died. The following parameters were independently associated with mortality: double valve repair (hazard ratio, confidence interval [HR, 95% CI]: 2.15, 1.37–3.36), advanced age (HR: 1.07, CI: 1.01–1.14 per year), diabetes (HR: 1.97, CI: 1.13–3.43), preoperative New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class (HR: 1.41, CI: 1.01–1.97 per class), and operative creatininemax levels (HR: 1.32, CI: 1.13–1.55 per mg/dL). The risk of stroke in the isolated MV and double valve repair groups at postoperative year 5 was 5.0 and 4.1%, respectively (p = 0.65). The corresponding values for the risk of reoperation were 4.0 and 7.0%, respectively (p = 0.36). Nine-year survival was comparable with the general population (53.2 vs. 53.1%).
Conclusion Various independent risk factors for mortality in elderly MV repair patients could be identified, but overall survival rates were similar to those of the general population. Consequently, our data indicates that repairing the MV in elderly patients represents a suitable and safe surgical approach.
Emergency Surgery during COVID-19: Lessons Learned
Authors: Bhattacharjee Hemanga K. , Chaliyadan Shafneed , Verma Eshan , Kumaran Keerthi , Bhargava Priyank , Singh Abhishek , Maitra Souvik , Parshad Rajinder 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted health services throughout the world. It has brought in several new challenges to deal with surgical emergencies. Herein, we report two suspected cases of COVID-19 that were operated during this “lockdown” period and highlight the protocols we followed and lessons we learned from this situation.
Result Two patients from “red zones” for COVID-19 pandemic presented with acute abdomen, one a 64-year male, who presented with perforation peritonitis and another, a 57-year male with acute intestinal obstruction due to sigmoid volvulus. They also had associated COVID-19 symptoms. COVID-19 test could not be done at the time of their presentation to the hospital. Patients underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy assuming them to be positive for the infection. Surgical team was donned with full coverall personal protective equipment. Sudden and uncontrolled egression intraperitoneal free gas was avoided, Echelon flex 60 staplers were used to resect the volvulus without allowing the gas from the volvulus to escape; mesocolon was divided using vascular reload of the stapler, no electrosurgical devices were used to avoid the aerosolization of viral particles. Colostomy was done in both the patients. Both the patients turned out to be negative for COVID-19 subsequently and discharged from hospital in stable condition.
Conclusion Surgeons need to adapt to safely execute emergency surgical procedures during this period of COVID-19 pandemic. Preparedness is of paramount importance. Full precautionary measures should be taken when dealing with any suspected case.
Report of the First Training the Colonoscopy Trainers Courses Held in India
Authors: Basumani Pandurangan , Donnelly Mark Thomas , Riley Stuart Anthony , Thoufeeq Md. , Ravi Ramakrishnan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and Aim Training the colonoscopy trainers (TCT) courses have become widespread in the United Kingdom and elsewhere but have never taken place in India. This is an account of the first such course delivered in India with an attempt to demonstrate its impact on the training knowledge and abilities of the delegates.
Materials and Methods Twelve independent colonoscopists, all with a training remit, underwent a structured 2-day TCT course. They were asked retrospectively to self-assess their knowledge and training skills across a number of metrics using a 1–10 scale, before and after attending the course.
Statistical Analysis Scores were analyzed by the Wilcoxon’s two-tail test
Results Delegates training knowledge and skills improved significantly across all seven metrics (p < 0.01 for all).
Conclusion The TCT is highly suitable in the Indian endoscopic environment and very effective in improving the training knowledge and skills of even experienced colonoscopists.
The Evolution of the Free Fibula Flap for Head and Neck Reconstruction: 21 Years of Experience with 128 Flaps
Authors: Fliss Ehud , Yanko Ravit , Bracha Gal , Teman Roy , Amir Aharon , Horowitz Gilad , Muhanna Nidal , Fliss Dan M. , Gur Eyal , Zaretski Arik 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The free fibula flap is commonly referred to as a “workhorse” for head and neck reconstruction. During our 21-year experience with this flap, we have performed several changes in preoperative planning, operative technique, and postoperative follow-up.
Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study designed to analyze the cohort of patients who underwent free fibula transfer for head and neck reconstruction. Demographics, medical background, operative data, and postoperative outcome were collected. The changes we performed in preoperative planning, operative technique, and postoperative follow-up were assessed and their impact on outcome discussed.
Results During 1998 to 2019 a total of 128 free fibula flaps were transferred for head and neck reconstruction. When comparing the patients treated in the early years to those who were treated in recent years we found no statistically significant difference in minor or major nonmicrosurgical complications in the recipient and donor site and in the rate of take backs due to microsurgical reasons. However total flap failure rate improved from 28% in early years to 8% in recent years (p = 0.012).
Conclusion During this 21-year period, we performed several changes in our practice. This included the use of a three-dimensional (3D) prefabricated model of the mandible, a shift toward side-table osteotomies, increasing the rate of osteofascial flaps in contrast to osteocutaneous flaps and the use of an implantable Doppler. These changes, together with a learning curve of the surgical team, significantly improved our overall success rates.
Malignant Gastrointestinal Obstruction: Options for Decompression and Nutrition
Authors: Litwin Robert J. , Chan Johanna L. , Huang Steven Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMalignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a relatively common condition affecting patients with advanced malignancy. Therapeutic interventions should be aimed at maintaining quality of life. Given the lack of prospective controlled studies in this patient population, patient management is often based on local practice patterns and anecdotal experience. To foster a collaborative approach among the members of the patient care team involving internal medicine, oncology, palliative care, clinical nutrition, surgery, gastroenterology, and interventional radiology physicians, it is important to improve our understanding of MBO. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, as well as medical, surgical, and nonsurgical palliative options available to patients with MBO for purposes of decompression and nutrition.
So near, so far, so what is social distancing? A fundamental ontological account of a mobile place brand
Authors: Rossolatos George 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper offers a social phenomenological reading of the globally binding practice of ‘social distancing’ in light of the precautionary measures against the spreading of the Covid-19 virus. Amid speculation about the far-reaching effects of temporarily applicable measures and foresights about the advent of an ethos that has been heralded by the media as the ‘new normal’, the ubiquitous phenomenon of social distancing calls for a fundamental ontological elucidation. The purported hermeneutic that is situated in the broader place branding and experiential marketing literatures places Covid-19 in the shoes of Being, and, therefore, imagines how Being would behave ontologically if it were a virus. By arguing that the virus does operate like Being, five theses are put forward as experiential interpretive categories with regard to the ontological status of Covid-19. The adopted approach makes the following contributions to the extant literature: First, it addresses a wholly new phenomenon in place branding, namely a pre-branded place whose meaning is non-negotiable, globally applicable and seemingly equivalent to pure void. Second, it advances the application of phenomenological research in place branding and experiential consumption by highlighting the aptness of the so far peripheral (in the marketing discipline) strand of Heideggerian fundamental ontology. Third, it extends the meaning of place in the place branding literature, by showing how spatialization is the outcome of temporalization, in line with the adopted phenomenological perspective.
Explorations in the relations between reference, syntactic
constructions and prosody
Authors: Klein Janina , Jullien Stéphane , Fox Gwendoline 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Based on a cross-sectional corpus of 14
mother-child conversations (aged 2;2 to 2;4), this chapter explores
children’s sensitivity to both formal linguistic features and
discourse-pragmatic factors. We considered various issues. The first
was the sensitivity of young children to discourse through a
syntactic construction closely related to discourse and information
structure, i.e., dislocations (see Lambrecht, 1994, for adults, and De Cat, 2007, for
children). The second was the fact that the occurrence of a
referring expression in a syntactic construction was due not only to
discourse-pragmatic characteristics but also to the constraints
imposed by the nature of certain verb frames. The third was young
children’s sensitivity to discourse, examined through variation in
the prosodic contours of referring expressions. Our results indicate
that the children’s use of dislocation is sensitive to
discourse-pragmatic contexts in a way comparable to that of the
adults and that prosody varies with discourse-pragmatic
characteristics. In addition, the nature of the verb frames studied
was also shown to influence children’s choice of referring
expressions.
Infinitely degenerate exact Ricci-flat solutions in f(R) gravity
Authors: Xavier Semin , Mathew Jose , Shankaranarayanan S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We obtain an infinite number of exact static, Ricci-flat spherically symmetric vacuum solutions for a class of f(R) theories of gravity. We analytically derive two exact vacuum black-hole solutions for the same class of f(R) theories. The two black-hole solutions have the event-horizon at the same point; however, their asymptotic features are different. Our results suggest that no-hair theorem may not hold for generic modified gravity theories. We discuss the implications of our work to distinguish modified gravity theories from general relativity in gravitational wave detections.