bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traits discovery in Hordeum vulgare sbsp. spontaneum accessions and in lines derived from interspecific crosses with wild Hordeum species for enhancing barley breeding efforts
Authors: Rehman Sajid , Amouzoune Mariam , Hiddar Houda , Aberkane Hafid , Benkirane Rachid , Filali‐Maltouf Abdelkarim , Al‐Jaboobi Muamar , Acqbouch Leila , Tsivelikas Athanasios , Verma Ramesh Pal Singh , Kehel Zakaria , Birouk Ahmed , Amri Ahmed 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBarley is a crop of global significance with multiple uses (feed, food and beverages), but its productivity worldwide is limited by several abiotic and biotic stresses. Crop wild relatives, exclusively, Hordeum vulgare ssp. spontaneum and H. bulbosum, are important genetic resources needed to develop new adapted varieties. A total of 117 accessions of H. spontaneum from different origins and 145 lines derived from crosses between barley and H. bulbosum supplied by NordGen were evaluated for field reactions to four major diseases. In addition, a set of 45 lines derived from interspecific crosses with H. spontaneum and H. bulbosum along with 10 checks were evaluated for agronomic traits and yield performance under four different environmental conditions and for quality attributes. The results showed that 37.7%, 71.6%, 15.1%, and 79.5% of H. spontaneum accessions were resistant to moderately resistant to net form net blotch, scald, leaf rust and powdery mildew, respectively, while the respective percentages in case of H. bulbosum derivatives were 31%, 20.4%, 17.9% and 70.6%. Only three accessions of H. spontaneum showed high resistance levels to the four diseases while 23 other accessions and 16 H. bulbosum derived lines showed resistance to a combination of two to four diseases. When H. bulbosum and H. spontaneum derived lines were evaluated under different environments, none of them gave higher grain yield and higher thousand kernel weight than the best checks. However, a few H. bulbosum derived lines showed higher straw yield, and lines combining tall stature, and lodging resistance were identified. Pre‐breeding efforts need to be strengthened further by evaluating more wild Hordeum accessions, their crossing with the best available parents and selection of elite germplasm to be made available to barley breeding programs for the development of new adapted and high yielding varieties.
Testing venous carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin or capillary phosphatidylethanol with concurrent ethyl glucuronide and ethyl palmitate hair tests to assess historical and recent alcohol use
Authors: Tsanaclis Lolita , Davies Marie , Bevan Sian , Nutt James , Bagley Kim , Wicks John 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHair biomarkers, ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl palmitate (EtPa), together with blood biomarker tests, carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin (CDT) or phosphatidylethanol (PEth), are commonly used in identifying patterns of alcohol consumption as they possess different windows of detection. The detection of EtG in hair samples is mainly used in combination with EtPa when hair cosmetic treatments such as hair colouring and bleaching affect EtG levels. The main purpose of our study was to investigate the differences in frequency distribution of positive CDT and PEth results indicating alcohol had been used, when EtG and EtPa were not detected, where evidence of abstinence is paramount. Of the total 602 cases, for 179 (29.7%), neither EtG nor EtPa markers were detected. Of these, 0.5% of the cases produced positive CDT. However, 18.6% produced positive PEth, a significantly higher proportion. A similar pattern emerges when results are evaluated according to whether hair had been either cosmetically treated or untreated. When hair was untreated, one case produced positive CDT, and 19.3% were positive for PEth (median of 51 ng/ml). No cases of positive CDT results, but 20.8% of PEth were positive (median of 106.5 ng/ml) when hair samples had been cosmetically treated. Whether EtG or EtPa markers were detected or not, significantly higher proportions of PEth than CDT were seen. The results of this study substantiate the case for using hair EtG in conjunction with a PEth test, rather than CDT test, for efficient monitoring of recent and historical alcohol consumption.
Incidence of congestive heart failure in rheumatoid arthritis: a review of literature and meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Khalid Yaser , Dasu Neethi , Shah Ankit , Brown Keith , Kaell Alan , Levine Adam , Dasu Kirti , Raminfard Albert 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory autoimmune disorder that not only affects peripheral joints but also increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. Heart failure (HF) appears to be one of the most important contributors to the excess mortality risk among patients with RA. We assessed the incidence of HF in patients with RA compared with age‐matched and sex‐matched non‐RA subjects, after accounting for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and clinical ischemic heart disease.Methods and resultsWe performed an aggregate analysis on three studies of RA patients having listed manifestations of HF. We performed a meta‐regression analysis to evaluate the incidence of HF in RA patients with increased age and noted for any gender correlation. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using both fixed‐effects and random‐effects models. In the cumulative analysis of 5, 220, 883 patients, the incidence of HF was noted to be almost two‐fold higher in patients with RA compared with a matched control population (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.22–2.60, P < 0.003), HTN (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.24–2.23, P < 0.001), and diabetes (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.36–1.81, P < 0.001). Women had three‐fold higher incidence of HF with RA (OR 3.38, 95% CI 2.59–4.40, P < 0.001). On meta‐regression, the incidence of HF increased further with older age (coefficient = 0.12, P = 0.0004).ConclusionsOur systematic review that included over 5 million subjects confirms the suspected increased incidence of HF in RA patients. Women have the greatest risk for HF. Our analysis advocates the need for updating the current guidelines to incorporate screening and preventive methods for HF in RA patients.
Optimization of load sharing for parallel compressors using a novel hybrid intelligent algorithm
Authors: Li Xia , Cui Tao , Huang Kun , Ma Xin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCompressor stations, which usually consist of multiple compressors in parallel, are installed to power natural gas travel in pipelines. Compressor station optimization, which should be expressed as a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem, makes economic sense for the entire gas transmission system. However, it has often been simplified as a nonlinear programming (NLP) or mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem in previous research. Most of existing solutions are based on discretization and a genetic algorithm (GA). This paper addresses the general MINLP problem for compressor station optimization without simplification; a novel hybrid intelligent algorithm is proposed to solve this problem. The proposed algorithm, DWOA, leverages advantages of the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and differential evolution (DE). The proposed algorithm can balance exploration and exploitation to find the global optimal solution. An approach to handling constraints is also presented, where the original problem model is reformulated to be continuous by expanding the flow rate range of the compressor. A case study is performed to illustrate the performance of this approach. Results show that the continuous reformulated model is easier to solve, and DWOA produces a satisfactory solution that differs from theoretical results by only 1.61%. In addition, DWOA demonstrates better accuracy and stability than WOA, DE, and DE‐WOA, another hybrid algorithm. Therefore, this solution has the potential to promote comprehensive compressor station optimization.
Physicochemical properties, texture, and probiotic survivability of oat‐based yogurt using aquafaba as a gelling agent
Authors: Raikos Vassilios , Juskaite Lina , Vas Frazer , Hayes Helen E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite high consumer demands, the manufacture of nondairy yogurt from oat milk is currently hindered due to the lack of consistency and texture. An oat‐based yogurt was developed using oat milk and probiotics (Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) with aquafaba (AF) and vegetable oil (VO) as added ingredients. Physicochemical analyses and viability of probiotics were investigated after yogurt formation and for 3 weeks under refrigerated storage. Results showed that adding AF decreased syneresis and increased water holding capacity during storage. Both AF and VO had a beneficial effect on hardness, the most important textural property of yogurt. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the added ingredients played a major role in the formation of the gel network structure of the yogurt. Both Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus remained at acceptable levels > 8.28 Log CFU/g and > 5.79 Log CFU/g after 3 weeks at 4°C regardless of the added ingredients.
Donor Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Alters Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Obese Individuals With Steatohepatitis
Authors: Witjes Julia J. , Smits Loek P. , Pekmez Ceyda T. , Prodan Andrei , Meijnikman Abraham S. , Troelstra Marian A. , Bouter Kristien E.C. , Herrema Hilde , Levin Evgeni , Holleboom Adriaan G. , Winkelmeijer Maaike , Beuers Ulrich H. , van Lienden Krijn , Aron‐Wisnewky Judith , Mannisto Ville , Bergman Jacques J. , Runge Jurgen H. , Nederveen Aart J. , Dragsted Lars O. , Konstanti Prokopis , Zoetendal Erwin G. , de Vos Willem , Verheij Joanne , Groen Albert K. , Nieuwdorp Max 
Published: October 2020

The intestinal microbiota has been linked to the development and prevalence of steatohepatitis in humans. Interestingly, steatohepatitis is significantly lower in individuals taking a plant‐based, low‐animal‐protein diet, which is thought to be mediated by gut microbiota. However, data on causality between these observations in humans is scarce. In this regard, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) using healthy donors is safe and is capable of changing microbial composition in human disease. We therefore performed a double‐blind randomized controlled proof‐of‐principle study in which individuals with hepatic steatosis on ultrasound were randomized to two study arms: lean vegan donor (allogenic n = 10) or own (autologous n = 11) FMT. Both were performed three times at 8‐week intervals. A liver biopsy was performed at baseline and after 24 weeks in every subject to determine histopathology (Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Clinical Research Network) classification and changes in hepatic gene expression based on RNA sequencing. Secondary outcome parameters were changes in intestinal microbiota composition and fasting plasma metabolomics. We observed a trend toward improved necro‐inflammatory histology, and found significant changes in expression of hepatic genes involved in inflammation and lipid metabolism following allogenic FMT. Intestinal microbial community structure changed following allogenic FMT, which was associated with changes in plasma metabolites as well as markers of . Conclusion: Allogenic FMT using lean vegan donors in individuals with hepatic steatosis shows an effect on intestinal microbiota composition, which is associated with beneficial changes in plasma metabolites and markers of steatohepatitis.
Non‐local means improves total‐variation constrained photoacoustic image reconstruction
Authors: Yalavarthy Phaneendra K. , Kalva Sandeep Kumar , Pramanik Manojit , Prakash Jaya 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhotoacoustic/Optoacoustic tomography aims to reconstruct maps of the initial pressure rise induced by the absorption of light pulses in tissue. This reconstruction is an ill‐conditioned and under‐determined problem, when the data acquisition protocol involves limited detection positions. The aim of the work is to develop an inversion method which integrates denoising procedure within the iterative model‐based reconstruction to improve quantitative performance of optoacoustic imaging. Among the model‐based schemes, total‐variation (TV) constrained reconstruction scheme is a popular approach. In this work, a two‐step approach was proposed for improving the TV constrained optoacoustic inversion by adding a non‐local means based filtering step within each TV iteration. Compared to TV‐based reconstruction, inclusion of this non‐local means step resulted in signal‐to‐noise ratio improvement of 2.5 dB in the reconstructed optoacoustic images.
N2NSR‐OCT: Simultaneous denoising and super‐resolution in optical coherence tomography images using semisupervised deep learning
Authors: Qiu Bin , You Yunfei , Huang Zhiyu , Meng Xiangxi , Jiang Zhe , Zhou Chuanqing , Liu Gangjun , Yang Kun , Ren Qiushi , Lu Yanye 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOptical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging shows a significant potential in clinical routines due to its noninvasive property. However, the quality of OCT images is generally limited by inherent speckle noise of OCT imaging and low sampling rate. To obtain high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and high‐resolution (HR) OCT images within a short scanning time, we presented a learning‐based method to recover high‐quality OCT images from noisy and low‐resolution OCT images. We proposed a semisupervised learning approach named N2NSR‐OCT, to generate denoised and super‐resolved OCT images simultaneously using up‐ and down‐sampling networks (U‐Net (Semi) and DBPN (Semi)). Additionally, two different super‐resolution and denoising models with different upscale factors (2× and 4×) were trained to recover the high‐quality OCT image of the corresponding down‐sampling rates. The new semisupervised learning approach is able to achieve results comparable with those of supervised learning using up‐ and down‐sampling networks, and can produce better performance than other related state‐of‐the‐art methods in the aspects of maintaining subtle fine retinal structures.
Immunofluorescence and histopathological assessment using ex vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy in lichen planus
Authors: Bağcı Işın Sinem , Aoki Rui , Krammer Sebastian , Vladimirova Gabriela , Ruzicka Thomas , Sárdy Miklós , French Lars E. , Hartmann Daniela 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEx vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) provides rapid, high‐resolution imaging, fluorescence detection and digital haematoxylin–eosin (H&E)‐like staining. We aimed to assess the performance of ex vivo CLSM in identifying histomorphology and immunoreactivity in lichen planus (LP) and comparing its accuracy with conventional histopathology and direct immunofluorescence (DIF). Thirty‐three sections of 17 LP patients stained with acridine orange (AO) and FITC‐labelled anti‐fibrinogen antibody and 21 control samples stained with AO were examined using ex vivo CLSM. Ex vivo CLSM was in perfect agreement with conventional histopathology in identifying interface dermatitis, vacuolar degeneration and band‐like infiltration. ROC analysis showed that the presence of vacuolar degeneration, interface dermatitis and band‐like infiltration was useful to distinguish LP sections from controls (p < .0001). The detection rates of fibrinogen deposition using DIF and in conclusion ex vivo CLSM were 93.8% and 62.5%, respectively. ex vivo CLSM enables histopathological and immunofluorescence examination in LP with the advantage of digital H&E‐like staining.
Recent progress and challenges on the bioassay of pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Babaie Parinaz , Saadati Arezoo , Hasanzadeh Mohammad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe present review (containing 242 references) illustrates the importance and application of optical and electrochemical methods as well as their performance improvement using various methods for the detection of pathogenic bacteria. The application of advanced nanomaterials including hyper branched nanopolymers, carbon‐based materials and silver, gold and so on. nanoparticles for biosensing of pathogenic bacteria was also investigated. In addition, a summary of the applications of nanoparticle‐based electrochemical biosensors for the identification of pathogenic bacteria has been provided and their advantages, detriments and future development capabilities was argued. Therefore, the main focus in the present review is to investigate the role of nanomaterials in the development of biosensors for the detection of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, type of nanoparticles, analytes, methods of detection and injection, sensitivity, matrix and method of tagging are also argued in detail. As a result, we have collected electrochemical and optical biosensors designed to detect pathogenic bacteria, and argued outstanding features, research opportunities, potential and prospects for their development, according to recently published research articles.
Relationship of Edoxaban Plasma Concentration and Blood Coagulation in Healthy Volunteers Using Standard Laboratory Tests and Viscoelastic Analysis
Authors: Havrdová Martina , Saari Teijo I. , Jalonen Jouko , Peltoniemi Marko , Kurkela Mika , Vahlberg Tero , Tienhaara Anri , Backman Janne T. , Olkkola Klaus T. , Schramko Alexey 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe capability of viscoelastic measurement parameters to screen anticoagulation activity of edoxaban in relation to its plasma concentrations was evaluated in 15 healthy male volunteers. Blood samples were drawn before the oral administration of edoxaban 60 mg and 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours after administration. At each time, standard coagulation tests were performed, blood viscoelastic properties were measured with a thromboelastometry device ROTEM delta analyzer (Instrumentation Laboratory, Werfen, Barcelona, Spain), and edoxaban plasma concentrations were measured. Our primary interest was the possible correlation between edoxaban plasma concentrations and values for ROTEM ExTEM, and FibTEM. We also studied the correlation of edoxaban plasma concentrations with the results of standard coagulation tests. We saw the effect of a single dose of edoxaban most clearly in clotting time (CT) of ROTEM ExTEM and FibTEM. Changes in these parameters correlated significantly with edoxaban plasma concentrations up to 6 hours from the ingestion of the drug. Activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and anti–factor Xa were also affected. Peak changes were observed 2 and 4 hours after administration of edoxaban. The changes were mostly reversed after 8 hours. In conclusion, ROTEM CT correlates significantly with edoxaban plasma concentrations and can be used to estimate the effect of edoxaban. ROTEM should be considered as part of the assessment of coagulation, with the big advantage of being readily available on site.
Recovery of hematocrit and fat deposits varies by cage size in food‐restricted captive red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra)
Authors: Bradley Dawson C. , Wurtz Megan , Cornelius Jamie M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHematocrit—or the percent volume of red blood cells in whole blood—is thought to fluctuate adaptively in response to changing oxygen demands that occur during different life activities and in different environments. Because red blood cells are made from materials that can be limiting, however, it is thought that hematocrit may also reflect general body condition and access to resources. We tested the effect of hydration state, resource restriction (i.e., time available to forage), and activity (i.e., different cage sizes) on hematocrit in captive red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra). We found no evidence that a mild dehydration protocol impacts hematocrit and only weak support that mild food restriction impacts hematocrit. Food restriction did, however, reduce fat deposits and fat loss was more significant in birds that were also sampled for hematocrit. Furthermore, food‐restricted birds housed in flight aviaries recovered hematocrit but not fat stores following repeated blood sampling, whereas birds housed in small cages lost additional hematocrit but mitigated fat loss following successive bleeds. Together these results suggest that different flight demands may determine response to blood loss during food restriction, potentially revealing a trade‐off between fat storage and red blood cell development. Our results also demonstrate the need for scientists to carefully record hematocrit data and the time course across which multiple tubes of blood are collected to avoid confounding real patterns with variation generated by sampling protocol.
Construction, characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of the novel heteroannulated chromeno[2′′,3′′:6′,5′]pyrido[2′,3′‐d] [1,3] thiazolo[3,2‐a]pyrimidines
Authors: Ibrahim Magdy A. , Al‐Harbi Sami A. , Allehyani Esam S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe reaction of chromone‐3‐carbonitrile with thiobarbituric acid afforded 2‐thioxochromeno[3′,2′:5,6]pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐4,6(1H,3H)‐dione, which utilized as a building block for construction of a novel heteroannulated compounds containing chromenopyridothiazolopyrimidine moiety. Reactions of the starting compound with a variety of bielectrophilic reagents namely; chloroacetonitrile, bromomalononitrile, 3‐chloropentanedione, ethyl 2‐chloro‐3‐oxobutanoate, phenacyl bromide, chloroacetic acid, dibromoethane, and oxalyl chloride afforded the first known chromenopyridothiazolopyrimidines. Cyclization of the starting compound with 2,3‐dichloroquinoxaline gave the linear hepta‐annulated chromenopyridopyrimidothiazoloquinoxaline. In addition, chromenopyridopyrimido thiazolopyrimidines were efficiently synthesized. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated for the prepared compounds and some of them seemed notable activity against the tested microorganisms. Analytical and spectral data confirmed the structures of the new products.
Intrafraction cone beam computed tomography verification of breath hold during liver stereotactic radiation therapy
Authors: Brown Elizabeth , Muscat Erika , O’Connor Patrick , Liu Howard , Lee Yoo‐Young , Pryor David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionIntrafraction imaging is an Elekta feature that enables cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition simultaneously with treatment arc delivery. It has facilitated the introduction of breath‐hold (BH) gated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) by enabling visualisation of tumour and organs at risk during treatment. The aims of this study were to assess BH reproducibility and use intrafraction CBCT (IF‐CBCT) to quantify any variation in diaphragm position (diaphragmatic feathering) during the multiple BHs performed during each arc.MethodsIF‐CBCTs for consecutive liver SBRT patients where BH was achieved using the Elekta Active Breathing Control (ABC) system were retrospectively evaluated. Average intrafraction couch shifts for deep‐inspiration BH (DIBH) or end‐expiration BH (EEBH) were recorded as an indication of reproducibility. Diaphragmatic feathering was quantified by measuring the difference between the most superior and inferior visible edges of the diaphragm on IF‐CBCTs.ResultsA total of 212 images from 30 patients were reviewed. Twenty‐two (73.3%) patients were treated in EEBH. The mean intrafraction shift was similar between DIBH and EEBH groups with the largest mean shift of 0.22cm occurring in the superior–inferior direction. Mean diaphragmatic feathering was similar between the DIBH and EEBH groups, 0.09cm (0‐0.44cm) and 0.14cm (0–1.89cm) respectively. A higher percentage of EEBH patients demonstrated no diaphragmatic feathering throughout treatment compared with DIBH patients (31.8% vs 25%).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that BH is reproducible in both DIBH and EEBH for liver SBRT treatment using the ABC system. Appropriate patient selection and BH coaching prior to CT simulation are critical to its success.