bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compliance with Short-Interval Follow-up MRI after Benign Concordant MRI-guided Breast Biopsy
Authors: Ram Shruthi , Regen-Tuero Helaina , Baird Grayson L , Lourenco Ana P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate compliance with short-interval follow-up MRI after benign concordant MRI-guided breast biopsy.

Methods
This institutional review board-approved retrospective study included all benign concordant MRI-guided biopsies performed between January 1, 2010, and May 1, 2018. The following was collected from the electronic medical record: patient and lesion characteristics, short-interval follow-up MRI recommendation, communication to referring physician, follow-up imaging, repeat biopsies, biopsy outcome, and patient insurance status. Compliance with recommendations was defined as follow-up MRI within 9 months of biopsy.

Results
Among 98 patients, there were 107 lesions with benign concordant MRI-guided biopsy results that met study criteria. After excluding 7 patients who underwent subsequent mastectomy, 50/91 (54.9%) patients were recommended short-interval follow-up MRI. Of these, 33/50 (66.0%) had a short-interval follow-up MRI. Direct communication of the short-interval follow-up recommendation was documented in the biopsy report for 4/50 (8%) patients. Subsequent MRI was available for 77/107 (72%) lesions at a median of 29 months following MRI-guided biopsy (range, 3–96 months). Subsequent mammography was available for 21/30 (70%) remaining lesions at a median of 47 months following MRI-guided biopsy (range, 23–88 months). There were two repeat biopsies, with one subsequent malignancy, resulting in a false-negative rate of 0.9% (1/107).

Conclusion
When short-interval follow-up MRI was recommended following benign concordant MRI-guided breast biopsy, compliance was 66.0%. Lack of communication of the recommendation may at least partially explain the low compliance. The low false-negative rate (0.9%) suggests routine short-interval follow-up MRI may be unnecessary following benign concordant MRI-guided biopsy.
Overview of Pest Status, Potential Risk, and Management Considerations ofHelicoverpa armigera(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for U.S. Soybean Production
Authors: Haile Fikru , Nowatzki Tim , Storer Nicolas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSince its introduction and establishment in Brazil in 2013 and subsequent spread through most of Latin America, the Old World bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), has become an economically important pest of soybean, cotton, and other crops. Because this pest can migrate long distances aided by wind currents, it is expected to arrive and establish in the United States. There were reports of H. armigera moth incursions collected in pheromone traps from Puerto Rico and Florida, but no reports yet of field establishment in the United States. Although H. armigera is a polyphagous pest and poses threats to multiple crops, it has shown preference for and is considered a key pest of soybean and cotton in Brazil. Soybean and cotton in Mid-Southern states will be at greater risk for economic loss when this pest establishes in the United States due to similarities of H. armigera with the native sibling species, Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Boddie). Both are polyphagous, could damage the same crops, and have documented cases of resistance. Establishment of H. armigera in the United States presents uncertainty about how the two species may interact in U.S. agroecosystems. Management strategies for H. armigera consist of correct species identification, monitoring and early detection, and determining the susceptibility of populations to multiple control tactics to deploy effective management tools. Although it is expected to be a key pest of soybean and cotton, in this article, we discuss the overview of the potential threats which H. armigera poses to soybean production in Mid-Southern states when it establishes in the United States.
The Concept of ‘Principled Resistance’ to ECtHR Judgments: A Useful Tool to Analyse Implementation Deficits?
Authors: Breuer Marten 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent years have seen a marked increase in ‘clashes’ between national courts on the one hand and international courts and tribunals on the other hand. This article introduces a new analytical pattern, called ‘principled resistance’, in order to analyse deficits occurring during the implementation phase of a Strasbourg judgment. This analytical concept is contrasted with other most recently developed scholarly concepts (‘reasonable resistance’: Palombino; ‘pushback’ and ‘backlash’: Madsen; ‘principled’ and ‘dilatory non-execution’: de Londras and Dzehtsiarou) in order to show differences and commonalities. Furthermore, the limits of (permissible) ‘disagreement’, as opposed to (impermissible) ‘principled resistance’, are explored from an international law point of view. It will be argued that although cases of principled resistance are extremely rare, the concept has an analytical value in that it prevents us from overestimating divergences between national and international courts and tribunals. At the same time, it will be shown that even where courts and other national actors employ legal arguments for their resistance to the ECtHR, those conflicts should be conceptualized as struggles over the proper allocation of powers between the national level and Strasbourg.
Rare synchronous caecal and sigmoid volvulus: management of two cases
Authors: Muhammad Butt , Alice Lee , Rabiya Aseem , Jason Smith 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Colonic volvulus is one of leading causes of large bowel obstruction following colorectal cancer and diverticulitis, accounting for 5% of cases. Sigmoid volvulus is most common (75%) followed by volvulus of the caecum (15%), transverse colon (3%) and splenic flexure (2%). Synchronous volvulus of the caecum and sigmoid is very rare, with six reported cases in the literature to the best of our knowledge. We report two cases within 6 months. The key learning points include that classical radiological signs of both caecal and sigmoid volvulus may not be present, and that prompt, definitive management is necessary to prevent recurrence and morbidity.
Pretreatment of Body Fluid Specimens Using Hyaluronidase and Ultracentrifugation
Authors: La’ulu Sonia L , Turner Devon R , Zupan Emily , Genzen Jonathan R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
Viscous body fluids present challenges during clinical laboratory testing. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of hyaluronidase (HYAL) and ultracentrifugation (UC) pretreatment for a variety of body fluids before clinical chemistry testing.

Methods
The following body fluids were evaluated: biliary/hepatic, cerebrospinal, dialysate, drain, pancreatic, pericardial, peritoneal/ascites, pleural, synovial, and vitreous. Analytes assessed included amylase, total bilirubin, cancer antigen 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen, cholesterol, chloride, creatinine, glucose, lactate dehydrogenase, lipase, potassium, rheumatoid factor, sodium, total protein, triglycerides, urea nitrogen, and uric acid.

Results
Observed percentage differences between HYAL treated and untreated fluids were less than ±15% for all analytes investigated, with a small number showing statistical significance (P &lt;.05). In addition, UC showed increased variability for limited body fluid/analyte combinations.

Conclusion
The HYAL treatment effectively reduced viscosity for body fluids. Validation of specimen pretreatment processes ensures acceptable analytical performance and the absence of unanticipated interferences.
Novel Beta-Lactam/Beta-Lactamase Plus Metronidazole vs Carbapenem for Complicated Intra-abdominal Infections: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Che Haoyue , Wang Jin , Wang Rui , Cai Yun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) remain a leading cause of death in surgical wards, in which antibiotic treatment is crucial. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLIs) in combination with metronidazole and carbapenems in the treatment of cIAIs.

Methods
A comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed using Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library, which compared the efficacy and safety of novel BL/BLIs and carbapenems for the treatment of cIAIs.

Results
Six RCTs consisting of 2254 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that novel BL/BLIs in combination with metronidazole had a lower clinical success rate (risk difference [RD], –0.05; 95% CI, –0.07 to –0.02; I2 = 0%) and a lower microbiological success rate (RD, –0.04; 95% CI, –0.08 to –0.00; I2 = 0%). No difference was found between the 2 groups in incidence of adverse events (RD, 0.02; 95% CI, –0.01 to 0.06; I2 = 0%), serious adverse events (SAEs; RD, 0.01; 95% CI, –0.02 to 0.03; I2 = 0%), or mortality (RD, 0.01; 95% CI, –0.00 to 0.02). However, ceftazidime/avibactam had a higher risk of vomiting (RD, 0.03; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.05; I2 = 47%), and the ceftolozane/tazobactam subgroup showed a higher incidence of SAEs (RD, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.03).

Conclusions
The efficacy of novel BL/BLIs in combination with metronidazole was not as high as that of carbapenems. Although no significant differences were found with respect to overall adverse events, SAEs, or mortality, the novel BL/BLIs has a higher risk of vomiting. We still need to be cautious about the clinical application of a new anti-infective combination.

Trial registration
PROSPERO ID: 42020166061.
A Type II Split Cord Malformation in an Adult Patient: An Operative Case Report
Authors: Oh Taemin , Avalos Lauro Nathaniel , Burke John Frederick , Mummaneni Nikhil , Safaee Michael , Gupta Nalin , Clark Aaron J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Split cord malformations (SCMs) are rare conditions in which the spinal cord is split into two hemicords within either a single thecal sac or two separate thecal sacs. The hemicords are typically split by a bony or fibrous structure. We present an adult patient who presented with a type II SCM with tethered cord. This is the first case of such a presentation with an accompanying intraoperative video. Unusual features of the case were the presence of an incomplete fibrous septum and lack of a discrete filum terminale.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
A 50-yr-old woman presented with back pain, radiculopathy, urinary urgency, and episodic fecal incontinence. Her exam was notable for weakness of the right extensor hallicus longus. Imaging showed an SCM extending from L3 to S1, a fibrous septum located at L4-5, and a low-lying conus at S4. She was treated with a decompressive L3-S4 laminectomy and disconnection of all the dural attachment points. She required lumbar drain placement postoperatively and reoperation for wound dehiscence and persistent pseudomeningocele. At the time of last follow-up, she was neurologically intact with improvement in bowel/bladder function.

CONCLUSION
SCM is an uncommon presentation in adults and is often accompanied by findings of skin stigmata, tethered cord, and other central nervous system/skeletal anomalies. Obtaining full multimodal imaging is critical to understanding subtle anatomic variations that can pose operative challenges. We report the treatment of an adult patient with type II SCM, and provide an intraoperative video demonstrating the removal of an incomplete midline fibrous septum.
The Effectiveness of Anti-Nerve Growth Factor Monoclonal Antibodies in the Management of Pain in Osteoarthritis of the Hip and Knee: A PRISMA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Seah K T Matthew , Rammanohar Jashmitha , Sutton James , To Kendrick , Khan Wasim S 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of anti-nerve growth factor (NGF) monoclonal antibodies in osteoarthritis pain (hip and knee).DesignGrade the evidence for anti-NGF use.MethodsAn interdisciplinary work group conducted a literature search for anti-NGF use in osteoarthritis. The systematic review was performed in accordance with methods described by the Cochrane collaboration. General inclusion criteria included all osteoarthritis trials studying any monoclonal anti-NGF antibody at any dose/phase. Excluded studies were those where participants received NSAIDs or analgesics other than anti-NGF antibodies. The Jadad Scale score was used to assess the quality of the included studies.ResultsThirteen studies were included in the analysis, involving 8145 participants with a diagnosis of hip and/or knee osteoarthritis. Anti-NGF antibody treatment was associated with a significant improvement in all Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) indices when compared to placebo. These agents were not associated with a significantly increased incidence of serious adverse events but were associated with significant increases in therapy discontinuation due to adverse events or side effects (e.g., peripheral neuropathy).ConclusionsFuture randomized clinical trials are needed to characterize the overall risk-to-benefit ratio of anti-NGF antibodies in managing pain associated with OA, particularly with long-term use, in order to verify their efficacy and safety in clinical practice.
An international patient-centred study of retroperitoneal fibrosis
Authors: Dattani R , Barwick T D , El Wardany G , Gibbons N , Mason J C , Morgan P , Pusey C D , Tam F W K , Tomlinson J A P ,   for the RaDaR Rare Disease Group (RDG)
Published: December 2020

Summary

Background
The impact that rare chronic disorders, such as retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF), can have on the physical and psychological aspects of a patient’s health is poorly understood. Patient-related outcome measures and experiences provide a unique opportunity to understand the impact rare chronic disorders have on a patient’s life as well as allowing healthcare providers to compare and improve performance.

Aim
To understand the physical and psychosocial impact that RPF has upon peoples’ lives.

Design
An international online questionnaire was therefore created to gain insights into how patients with RPF, a rare fibro-inflammatory condition, viewed their health and experiences.

Methods
An international online questionnaire comprising 62 questions/free text options, was designed in collaboration with two patient advocates and the multi-disciplinary Renal Association Rare Disease Registry (RaDaR) RPF Group the questionnaire was anonymous and freely accessible on a GOOGLE Form online platform for 6 months.

Results
A total of 229 patients from 30 countries across 5 continents responded. Four key issues were identified; (i) pain; (ii) therapy-related side effects; (iii) lack of informed doctors/information about their condition and its management; and (iv) psychological burden. Variations in diagnosis and management are highlighted with 55% undergoing a biopsy to reach a diagnosis of RPF; 75% of patients underwent a further interventional procedure with 60% concurrently treated medically.

Conclusion
This study will guide further development of clinical and academic multi-disciplinary activity and shows the importance of trying to understand the impact of rare chronic disorders on the physical and psychological aspects of a patient’s health.
The incidence of clinical fractures in adults aged 50 years and older in Spain
Authors: Gomez-Vaquero Carmen , Valencia Lidia , Nolla Joan M , Boquet Dolors , Martínez Pardo Silvia , Mihaylov Grigorov Mihail , Lafont Anna , Segalés Nuria , Roig Vilaseca Daniel , Cerdà Dacia , Casado Enrique , Oncins Xavier , Sallés Meritxell , Mínguez Sonia , García Mira Yaiza , Holgado Susana , López Louzao Ana , Pitarch Conxita , Castellanos Moreira Raúl , Florez Helena , Tebé Cristian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to quantify the incidence of all clinical fractures, including traumatic and fragility fractures, in patients aged 50 years and older, and to describe their distribution by fracture location, sex and age.

Methods
The incidence of clinical fractures at 10 hospitals in Catalonia, with a reference population of 3 155 000 inhabitants, was studied. For 1 week, from 30 May to 5 June 2016, we reviewed the discharge reports of the Traumatology section of the Emergency Department to identify all fractures diagnosed in patients ≥50 years of age. As a validation technique, data collection was carried out for 1 year at one of the centres, from 1 December 2015 to 30 November 2016. The fracture incidence, including the 95% CI, was estimated for the entire sample and grouped by fracture type, location, sex and age.

Results
A total of 283 fractures were identified. Seventy per cent were in women, with a mean age of 72 years. The overall fracture incidence was 11.28 per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 11.10, 11.46), with an incidence of traumatic and fragility fractures of 4.15 (95% CI: 4.04, 4.26) and 7.13 per 1000 person-years (95% CI: 6.99, 7.28), respectively. The incidence of fractures observed in the validation sample coincided with that estimated for the whole of Catalonia. The most common fragility fractures were of the hip, forearm, humerus and vertebrae.

Conclusion
The results of this study are the first to estimate the incidence of clinical fragility fractures in Spain, grouped by location, age and sex.
GRACy: A tool for analysing human cytomegalovirus sequence data
Authors: Camiolo Salvatore , Suárez Nicolás M , Chalka Antonia , Venturini Cristina , Breuer Judith , Davison Andrew J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Modern DNA sequencing has instituted a new era in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genomics. A key development has been the ability to determine the genome sequences of HCMV strains directly from clinical material. This involves the application of complex and often non-standardized bioinformatics approaches to analysing data of variable quality in a process that requires substantial manual intervention. To relieve this bottleneck, we have developed GRACy (Genome Reconstruction and Annotation of Cytomegalovirus), an easy-to-use toolkit for analysing HCMV sequence data. GRACy automates and integrates modules for read filtering, genotyping, genome assembly, genome annotation, variant analysis, and data submission. These modules were tested extensively on simulated and experimental data and outperformed generic approaches. GRACy is written in Python and is embedded in a graphical user interface with all required dependencies installed by a single command. It runs on the Linux operating system and is designed to allow the future implementation of a cross-platform version. GRACy is distributed under a GPL 3.0 license and is freely available at https://bioinformatics.cvr.ac.uk/software/ with the manual and a test dataset.
Association Between Text Neck and Neck Pain in Adults
Authors: Correia Igor Macedo Tavares , Ferreira Arthur de Sá , Fernandez Jessica , Reis Felipe José Jandre , Nogueira Leandro Alberto Calazans , Meziat-Filho Ney 
Published: December 2020

Study Design.
Observational cross-sectional study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between text neck and neck pain (NP) in adults.

Summary of Background Data.
It has been hypothesized that the inappropriate neck posture adopted when texting and reading on a smartphone, called text neck, is related to the increased prevalence of NP.

Methods.
The sample was composed of 582 volunteers aged between 18 and 65 years. Sociodemographics, anthropometrics, lifestyle, psychosocial, NP, and smartphone use-related questions were assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Text neck was assessed by measuring the cervical flexion angle of the participants standing and sitting while typing a text on their smartphones, using the Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) device.

Results.
Multiple logistic regression analysis and linear regression analysis showed the cervical flexion angle of the standing participant using a smartphone did not associate with the prevalence of NP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.02; P = 0.66), NP frequency (OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00–1.03; P = 0.056), or maximum NP intensity (beta coefficient = −5.195 × 10−5; 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.02; P = 0.99). Also, the cervical flexion angle of the sitting participant using the smartphone did not associate with NP (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98–1.01; P = 0.93), NP frequency (OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.99–1.02; P = 0.13), or maximum NP intensity (beta coefficient = 0.002; 95% CI: −0.002 to 0.02; P = 0.71).

Conclusion.
Text neck was not associated with prevalence of NP, NP frequency, or maximum NP intensity in adults.

Level of Evidence: 4
Thickness and Curvature Changes of Human Corneal Grafts in Dextran-Containing Organ Culture Medium Before Keratoplasty
Authors: Hamon Loïc , Daas Loay , Mäurer Stephanie , Weinstein Isabel , Quintin Adrien , Schulz Katja , Langenbucher Achim , Seitz Berthold 
Published: December 2020

Purpose:
To determine the changes of corneal thickness and curvature of human corneal grafts in organ culture medium II, containing dextran T500 6%, before keratoplasty.

Methods:
We examined the tomography of 24 corneas from our eye bank transferred from medium I into medium II. Images were repeated hourly during 24 hours using an anterior segment optical coherence tomography. The central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured with the manual measurement tool of the anterior segment optical coherence tomography. The radii of curvature (anterior flat and steep and posterior flat and steep) were measured with a MATLAB self-programmed software for “sterile donor tomography.”

Results:
The mean CCT (±SD) at baseline (T0) was 727 ± 156 μm. It reached 581 ± 103, 506 ± 84, 472 ± 79, and 456±7 μm after 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours, respectively. After 12 hours, 83% of the final deswelling was achieved. The radii of curvature (±SD) at baseline (T0) were (posterior flat, posterior steep, anterior flat, and anterior steep) 6.6 ± 0.5, 6.2 ± 0.5, 7.7 ± 0.4, and 7.4 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. After 24 hours, the radii of curvature reached 6.8 ± 0.1, 6.6 ± 0.3, 7.6 ± 0.1, and 7.4 ± 0.2 mm, respectively.

Conclusions:
The kinetics of the deswelling process in medium II follow a hyperbolic curve. Considering a CCT of 506 μm at T12, we assume that a time interval of 12 hours in medium II might be enough for clinical purposes. This result might help to keep storage in medium II as short as possible to escape potential toxic effects of dextran in medium II. The radius of curvature does not seem to change within 24 hours for all measured surfaces.