bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the toxicokinetics of the convulsants picrotoxinin and tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) in mice
Authors: Pressly Brandon , Vasylieva Natalia , Barnych Bogdan , Singh Vikrant , Singh Latika , Bruun Donald A. , Hwang Sung Hee , Chen Yi-Je , Fettinger James C. , Johnnides Stephanie , Lein Pamela J. , Yang Jun , Hammock Bruce D. , Wulff Heike 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAcute intoxication with picrotoxin or the rodenticide tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TETS) can cause seizures that rapidly progress to status epilepticus and death. Both compounds inhibit γ-aminobutyric acid type-A (GABAA) receptors with similar potency. However, TETS is approximately 100 × more lethal than picrotoxin. Here, we directly compared the toxicokinetics of the two compounds following intraperitoneal administration in mice. Using LC/MS analysis we found that picrotoxinin, the active component of picrotoxin, hydrolyses quickly into picrotoxic acid, has a short in vivo half-life, and is moderately brain penetrant (brain/plasma ratio 0.3). TETS, in contrast, is not metabolized by liver microsomes and persists in the body following intoxication. Using both GC/MS and a TETS-selective immunoassay we found that mice administered TETS at the LD50 of 0.2 mg/kg in the presence of rescue medications exhibited serum levels that remained constant around 1.6 μM for 48 h before falling slowly over the next 10 days. TETS showed a similar persistence in tissues. Whole-cell patch-clamp demonstrated that brain and serum extracts prepared from mice at 2 and 14 days after TETS administration significantly blocked heterologously expressed α2β3γ2 GABAA-receptors confirming that TETS remains pharmacodynamically active in vivo. This observed persistence may contribute to the long-lasting and recurrent seizures observed following human exposures. We suggest that countermeasures to neutralize TETS or accelerate its elimination should be explored for this highly dangerous threat agent.
On the application of neural networks for temperature field measurements using thermochromic liquid crystals
Authors: Moller Sebastian , Resagk Christian , Cierpka Christian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study presents an investigation regarding the applicability of neural networks for temperature measurements using thermochromic liquid crystals (TLCs) and discusses advantages as well as disadvantages of common calibration approaches. For the characterization of the measurement technique, the dependency of the color of the TLCs on the temperature as well as on the observation angle and, therefore, on the position within the field of view of a color camera is analyzed in detail. In order to consider the influence of the position within the field of view on the color, neural networks are applied for the calibration of the temperature measurements. In particular, the focus of this study is on analysis of the error of temperature measurement for different network configurations as well as training methods, yielding a mean absolute deviation and a mean standard deviation in the range of 0.1 K for instantaneous measurements. On the basis of a comparison of this standard deviation to that of two further calibration approaches, it is shown that neural networks are suited for temperature measurements via the color of TLCs. Finally, the applicability of this measurement technique is illustrated at an exemplary temperature measurement in a horizontal plane of a Rayleigh–Bénard cell with large aspect ratio, which clearly shows the emergence of convective flow patterns by means of the temperature field.

Graphic abstract
The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for engineering geology applications
Authors: Giordan Daniele , Adams Marc S. , Aicardi Irene , Alicandro Maria , Allasia Paolo , Baldo Marco , De Berardinis Pierluigi , Dominici Donatella , Godone Danilo , Hobbs Peter , Lechner Veronika , Niedzielski Tomasz , Piras Marco , Rotilio Marianna , Salvini Riccardo , Segor Valerio , Sotier Bernadette , Troilo Fabrizio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper represents the result of the IAEG C35 Commission “Monitoring methods and approaches in engineering geology applications” workgroup aimed to describe a general overview of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and their potentiality in several engineering geology applications. The use of UAV has progressively increased in the last decade and nowadays started to be considered a standard research instrument for the acquisition of images and other information on demand over an area of interest. UAV represents a cheap and fast solution for the on-demand acquisition of detailed images of an area of interest and the creation of detailed 3D models and orthophoto. The use of these systems required a good background of data processing and a good drone pilot ability for the management of the flight mission in particular in a complex environment.
Leukocyte coping capacity as a complementary stress metric in migrating birds
Authors: Huber Nikolaus , Canoine Virginie , Cornils Jessica S. , Maggini Ivan , Cardinale Massimiliano , Ruf Thomas , Fusani Leonida 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCorticosterone (Cort) is involved in multiple physiological processes during bird migration, complicating its interpretation in a stress context. We investigated whether the leukocyte coping capacity (LCC) provides useful complementary information on the stress response in migratory Garden Warblers (Sylvia borin) and how it relates to Cort and energetic condition. Contrary to Cort levels, LCC significantly decreased, implying high-stress levels and a diminished capacity to recover after a stressful event. The absence of significant effects of body conditions on the stress parameters shows no simple relationship between these traits and highlights the need for additional stress metrics to measure stress in life-history contexts.
Factors Predicting Response to the Recovery-Oriented Cognitive Behavioural Workshop for Persons Diagnosed with Schizophrenia
Authors: Nowak Izabela , Świtaj Piotr , Oberhauser Cornelia , Anczewska Marta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA recovery-oriented, cognitive behavioural workshop for service users diagnosed with schizophrenia was developed, implemented and evaluated in a pilot study. Further analysis is required regarding factors which contribute to better treatment response, as this will provide useful information for workshop adaptation. Secondary multilevel model analyses were performed to determine whether workshop and booster session attendance, as well as sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, education, and duration of illness, predicted workshop responsiveness. Results showed that completers had lower responsiveness to the workshop in terms of confidence and hope, whereas those who attended an online booster session demonstrated better responsiveness as to psychosocial functioning. Longer duration of illness and older age generally predicted lower intervention responsiveness. In conclusion, adaptations utilising more booster sessions and accommodating older participants with longer duration of illness are required, as is further workshop evaluation in a randomised controlled study.
On the potential of ensemble forecasting for the prediction of meteotsunamis in the Balearic Islands: sensitivity to atmospheric model parameterizations
Authors: Mourre B. , Santana A. , Buils A. , Gautreau L. , Ličer M. , Jansà A. , Casas B. , Amengual B. , Tintoré J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the potential of ensemble forecasting using full realistic high-resolution nested atmosphere–ocean models for the prediction of meteotsunamis in Ciutadella (Menorca, Spain). The sensitivity of model results to the parameterizations of the atmospheric model is assessed considering the ten most significant recent meteotsunami events for which observations are available. Different schemes adapted to high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting model simulations were used for the representation of cumulus, microphysics, planetary boundary layer and longwave and shortwave radiations. Results indicate a large spread of the ensemble simulations in terms of the final magnitude of the meteotsunamis. While the modeling system is shown to be able to realistically trigger tsunamigenic atmospheric disturbances in more than 90% of the situations, the small-scale characteristics of these disturbances are significantly modified with the change of parameterizations, leading to significant differences in the magnitude of the simulated sea-level response. No preferred set of parameterizations can be identified that leads to either the largest or the most realistic magnitudes in the majority of situations. Instead, the performance of a given set of parameterizations is found to change with the meteotsunami event under consideration. Importantly, the observed magnitude of the extreme sea-level oscillations lies within the range of a nine-member ensemble in 70% of the cases. This ensemble approach would then allow to generate a realistic range of possibilities in the majority of events, thus improving the realism of meteotsunami predictions compared to single deterministic forecasts.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Graphene Nanoplatelet-Reinforced Al6061-T6 Composites Processed by Spark Plasma Sintering
Authors: Khan Mahmood , Ud-Din Rafi , Wadood Abdul , Husain Syed Wilayat , Akhtar Shahid , Aune Ragnhild Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAluminium matrix composites with high specific strength are attracting attention for use in automobile and aerospace applications. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were added in 0.1, 0.5, and 1 weight fractions to an Al6061 matrix. Spark plasma sintering was used with a combination of solution sonication and ball milling to disperse the GNPs in the Al6061 matrix. The evolution of the microstructure was studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The uniformity of the GNP distribution is discussed in light of selected ball milling parameters. Electron backscattered diffraction analysis was used to measure the grain size and misorientation. X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy revealed neat and clean interfaces between the matrix and GNPs. Hardness and tensile testing revealed a considerable increment in the strength of the final composite after addition of GNPs. Traces of GNP clusters were found in the 1 wt.% composite as well as premature failure at lower strain due to the insufficient load transfer capability of the Al6061-T6 matrix. An illustrative two-dimensional model was developed to explain the load transfer behavior and the deterioration of the mechanical properties.
Government Workers’ Stories about Professional Development in a Digitalized Working Life
Authors: Wallin Anna , Pylväs Laura , Nokelainen Petri 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this article, we explore workers’ stories about digitalization of work and professional development. The data (101 stories) were collected from 81 Finnish government workers through the method of empathy-based stories (MEBS). MEBS is a qualitative data collection method in which participants write short imaginary texts based on an introductory script (frame story) designed by the researcher. In this study, participants were presented with two frame stories in which they were asked to imagine why digitalization had either supported or hindered professional development. The stories were analyzed inductively using qualitative thematic analysis. The findings illustrate the double-edged nature of digitalization, as it may both support and hinder professional development and learning by changing work tasks, work practices and knowledge development and management. Overall, the stories revealed that the participants perceived that digitalization may support professional development and learning, especially by providing opportunities for job control in terms of flexibility, and new ways for knowledge development and management.
Effects of Potato Psyllid Vector Density and Time of Infection on Zebra Chip Disease Development after Harvest and during Storage
Authors: Wenninger Erik J. , Olsen Nora , Lojewski Jeffrey , Wharton Phillip , Dahan Jennifer , Rashed Arash , Karasev Alexander V. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract“Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” (Lso) (=“Candidatus Liberibacter psyllarous”) is an uncultured, phloem-limited bacterium that is associated with zebra chip disease (ZC) in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and transmitted by the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc)). Vector density and timing of infection have been shown to affect ZC prevalence at harvest; however, little work has been done on disease development during storage. Here we confirm with field-cage trials that ZC prevalence at harvest was greater with increased time between inoculation and vine kill. Moreover, we show that with Pacific Northwest growing conditions, ZC can develop over time during storage. Plants inoculated 2 to 3 weeks before vine kill showed little or no ZC symptoms in tubers at harvest, but higher prevalence of symptoms after 3 months in storage. For plants inoculated at 4 to 5 weeks before vine kill, tubers exhibited notable symptoms at harvest, but still showed evidence of symptom development after storage. Plants inoculated within 1 week before vine kill exhibited little or no risk of ZC in tubers at harvest or after storage. Higher vector density tended to contribute to ZC prevalence, but was far less important than timing of infection. These results underscore the potential danger of underestimating ZC prevalence at harvest for tubers being stored long term, and suggest that plants at risk of Lso infection should be protected from potato psyllids until at least 2 weeks before vine kill.
The main role of energy sustainability indicators on the water management
Authors: Razmjoo Armin , Khalili Negar , Majidi Nezhad Meysam , Mokhtari Nima , Davarpanah Afshin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWithout a doubt during human life, the role of water in our life is the most vital. Water is necessary for human survival and other kind of existing ecosystems. Due to the increasing population and climate change of the earth, human societies need freshwater sources and conservation more than ever before. According to these rapid changes in the importance of water sources, positive actions by the United Nations (UNs) are increasing around the world. Regarding the dramatic increase in energy demand, especially in the water industry, water management plays a significant role in this industry, especially for urban areas. Hence, water management can be useful as a practical and applicable method to achieve energy sustainability and prevent water waste. The main objective of this study is to investigate the four influential indexes, including policy, economy, environment, social and most important indicators that have an impact on water management based on energy sustainability. A new way to achieve energy sustainability using appropriate indicators for water management is crucial, thus correct selection and how to implement them is essential. The result of this study shows, if energy experts and policymakers have a proper strategy and appropriate actions, can improve the situation of water management for megacities and urban areas.
Small area estimation with mixed models: a review
Authors: Sugasawa Shonosuke , Kubokawa Tatsuya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSmall area estimation is recognized as an important tool for producing reliable estimates under limited sample information. This paper reviews techniques of small area estimation using mixed models, covering from basic to recently proposed advanced ones. We first introduce basic mixed models for small area estimation, and provide several methods for computing mean squared errors and confidence intervals which are important for measuring uncertainty of small area estimators. Then we provide reviews of recent development and techniques in small area estimation. This paper could be useful not only for researchers who are interested in details on the methodological research in small area estimation, but also for practitioners who might be interested in the application of the basic and new methods.
Temporal-Spatial Simulation of Landscape Variations Using Combined Model of Markov Chain and Automated Cell
Authors: Forozan Gholamzadeh , Elmi Mohammad Reza , Talebi Ali , Mokhtari Mohammad Hossein , Shojaei Saeed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractClassification and preparation of land use map are the most commonly used methods in remote sensing data. Numerous advanced classification methods have been developed in a recent year. Among those methods, one can name support vector machine. Identifying land cover changes can play an important role in future decisions of regional managers. Therefore, the present study aimed at employing CA–Markov model to present a powerful but simple model for simulation and prediction of Yazd city. Accordingly, first, satellite images of 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2016 were classified by SVM method, and then land use maps of Yazd city were extracted. The results of the detection of changes indicated the expansion of residential areas and the reduction of dry land and vegetation during a 16-year period. Prediction of land use development in 2040 using CA–Markov model with a kappa coefficient of 84.43 shows the high accuracy of this model. Besides, the urban land use area shows 18,432 hectares increase in 2040 compared to 2010, while the area of dry land uses (− 15,570) rocky areas (− 186) and vegetation (− 2658) hectares decrease compared to 2010. Moreover, the results of CA–Markov model indicated the development of Yazd city by degradation of vegetation.
The spectrum of the mean curvature operator
Authors: Mihăilescu Mihai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe show that the spectrum of the relativistic mean curvature operator on a bounded domain Ω ⊂ ℝN (N ⩾ 1) having smooth boundary, subject to the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition, is exactly the interval (λ1(2), ∞), where λ1(2) stands for the principal frequency of the Laplace operator in Ω.
Prevalence and correlates of food insecurity in community-based individuals with severe mental illness receiving long-acting injectable antipsychotic treatment
Authors: Teasdale Scott B. , Morell Rachel , Lappin Julia M. , Curtis Jackie , Watkins Andrew , Ward Philip B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPeople with severe mental illness (SMI) have numerous risk factors that may predispose them to food insecurity (FI); however, the prevalence of FI and its effects on health are under-researched in this population. The present study aimed to describe the prevalence of FI and its relationship to lifestyle factors in people with SMI. This cross-sectional study recruited people with SMI receiving long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic medication from community services at three sites in Sydney, Australia. Assessments were completed on physical health and lifestyle factors. χ2 Tests, independent-samples t tests and binary logistic regression analyses were calculated to examine relationships between lifestyle factors and FI. In total, 233 people completed the assessments: 154 were males (66 %), mean age 44·8 (sd 12·7) years, and the majority (70 %) had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. FI was present in 104 participants (45 %). People with FI were less likely to consume fruits (OR 0·42, 95 % CI 0·24, 0·74, P = 0·003), vegetables (OR 0·39, 95 % CI 0·22, 0·69, P = 0·001) and protein-based foods (OR 0·45, 95 % CI 0·25, 0·83, P = 0·011) at least once daily, engaged in less moderate to vigorous physical activity (min) (OR 0·997, 95 % CI 0·993, 1·000, P = 0·044), and were more likely to smoke (OR 1·89, 95 % CI 1·08, 3·32, P = 0·026). FI is highly prevalent among people with SMI receiving LAI antipsychotic medications. Food-insecure people with SMI engage in less healthy lifestyle behaviours, increasing the risk of future non-communicable disease.
The Other Legacy of Vienna 1900: The Ars Combinatoria of Friedl Dicker-Brandeis
Authors: Johnson Julie M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article positions multidisciplinary artist Friedl Dicker-Brandeis at the center of a web that spans Vienna 1900, the Weimar Bauhaus, and interwar Vienna. Using a network metaphor to read her work, she is understood here as specialist of the ars combinatoria, in which she recombines genre and media in unexpected ways. She translates the language of photograms into painting, ecclesiastical subject matter into a machine aesthetic, adds found objects to abstract paintings, and paints allegories and scenes of distortion in the idiom of New Objectivity, all the while designing stage sets, costumes, modular furniture, toys, and interiors. While she has been the subject of renewed attention, particularly in the design world, much of her fine art has yet to be assessed. She used the idioms of twentieth-century art movements in unusual contexts, some of these very brave: in interwar Vienna, where she created Dadaistic posters to warn of fascism, she was imprisoned and interrogated. Always politically engaged, her interdisciplinary and multimedia approach to art bridged the conceptual divide between the utopian and critical responses to war during the interwar years. Such engagement with both political strains of twentieth-century modernism is rare. After integrating the interdisciplinary lessons of Vienna and the Weimar Bauhaus into her life's work, she shared these lessons with children at Terezín.
‘Total trash’. Recorded music and the logic of waste
Authors: Roy Elodie A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article introduces three situated moments – or plateaux – in order to partially uncover the particular affinities between popular music and the ‘logic of waste’ in the Anthropocene Era, from early phonography to the present digital realm (with a focus on the UK, United States, and British India). The article starts with a ‘partial inventory’ of the Anthropocene, outlining the heuristic values of waste studies for research in popular music. The first plateau retraces the more historical links between popular music and waste, showing how waste (and the positive discourses surrounding it) became a defining element of the discourse and practices of early phonography. It aims to show how recorded sound participated in (and helped define, in an emblematic manner) a rapidly expanding ‘throwaway culture’ at the turn of the 20th century. The second plateau presents a more global panorama of the recording industry through a focus on shellac (a core, reversible substance of the early recording industry). Finally, the third plateau presents some insights into the ways in which popular music may ‘play’ and incorporate residual materialities in the contemporary ‘digital age’. I argue that the logic of waste defined both the space and pace of the early record industry, and continued to inform musical consumption across the 20th century – notably when toxic, non-recyclable synthetic materials (especially polyvinyl) were introduced.