bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PD‐1 inhibitors for non‐small cell lung cancer patients with special issues: Real‐world evidence
Authors: Byeon Seonggyu , Cho Jang Ho , Jung Hyun Ae , Sun Jong‐Mu , Lee Se‐Hoon , Ahn Jin Seok , Park Keunchil , Ahn Myung‐Ju 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have provided new therapeutic options for non‐small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients. However, due to concerning increases in immune‐related adverse events, clinical trials usually exclude patients with special issues such as viral hepatitis, tuberculosis (Tbc), interstitial lung disease (ILD) and autoimmune disease.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of NSCLC patients who received ICIs, and analyzed the clinical outcomes of patients with special issues.ResultsBetween January 2015 and October 2018, 237 patients received ICIs. Of these patients, 26% (61/237) had special issues: 32 had hepatitis B viral (HBV) infections, 20 Tbc, six ILD, one HIV infection, one Behçet's disease and a past HBV infection, and one rheumatoid arthritis. The incidence of hepatitis tended to be higher in patients with HBV infections than in those without (18.8% vs 8.91%, P = .082). Severe hepatitis (grade 3 or higher) was more common in HBV‐infected patients (12.5% vs 1.9%, P = .0021), but the AEs were well‐managed. During ICI treatment, three of the 20 patients with a history of pulmonary Tbc developed active pulmonary Tbc, considered reactivations. No aggravation of ILD was noted. One RA patient experienced a disease flare and was treated with a low‐dose steroid. There was no significant difference in the overall response rate or progression‐free survival between patients with and without special issues.ConclusionGiven the relatively low incidence of immune‐related AEs and the comparability of clinical outcomes, ICIs can be treatment option of NSCLC patients with special issues.
Theoretically informed qualitative psychotherapy research: A primer
Authors: Hissa Joana , Timulak Ladislav 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper presents an introduction to theoretically informed qualitative psychotherapy research (QPR). Although QPR researchers have traditionally remained silent on theory, we suggest this has resulted in an implicit and unacknowledged use of theory. We argue instead for a clear articulation of qualitative researchers' theory and outline how theory can be incorporated to inform the entire qualitative research process. This approach assumes the research problem is embedded in a clearly defined and articulated theoretical framework, which also informs data collection and data analysis. We outline how researchers can use explicit theoretical frameworks to inform research question formulation, data collection and data analysis and illustrate this with specific applications of the method in practice. We believe that starting from a declared theoretical framework sets up a dialogue between the research problem, the type of data required and their meaningful analysis and interpretation. This aims not only to achieve greater depth in the final product of research, but also to enhance its utility in terms of practice; it contributes to building, altering and differentiating theory; and it allows for greater transparency by openly articulating the theoretical framework that scaffolds the entirety of the research process.
Reactive Grinding synthesis of La(Sr,Ce)CoO3 and their properties in toluene catalytic total oxidation
Authors: Heidinger Bertrand , Royer Sébastien , Giraudon Jean‐Marc , Gardoll Olivier , Alamdari Houshang , Lamonier Jean‐François 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPerovskites‐type metal oxides are an attractive alternative to noble metal‐based materials for environmental catalysis. Nevertheless, they suffer from major issues such as unattractive textural properties and lower intrinsic activities than those of noble metal counterparts. Reactive grinding (RG) has been already proved to be a powerful method to produce materials with improved textural properties. La1‐xA’xCoO3 (A’: Sr, Ce) perovskite‐type materials were synthesized by RG synthesis as a 3‐steps top down method: (i) conventional solid‐state reaction – SSR (leading to microcrystalline material); (ii) high energy ball milling – HEBM and (iii) low energy ball milling – LEBM. The physicochemical properties of perovskite materials were investigated by XRD, N2‐physisorption, H2‐TPR, O2‐TPD and XPS, while their catalytic performances were evaluated for the toluene total oxidation reaction. In this study we showed that the HEBM step leads in a drastic reduction in crystal size to nanometric scale along with aggregation into dense particles. The LEBM step allows the deagglomeration of particles and specific surface areas were significantly increased. Their performances in the toluene total oxidation increased along grinding steps and a maximum of catalytic performance was observed for La0.9Sr0.1CoO3. This material also exhibited a high catalytic stability as a function of the reaction time, under dry and wet air reaction conditions.
Self‐Assembly of DNA–Peptide Supermolecules: Coiled‐Coil Peptide Structures Templated by d‐DNA and l‐DNA Triplexes Exhibit Chirality‐Independent but Orientation‐Dependent Stabilizing Cooperativity
Authors: Lou Chenguang , Boesen Josephine Tuborg , Christensen Niels Johan , Sørensen Kasper K. , Thulstrup Peter W. , Pedersen Martin Nors , Giralt Ernest , Jensen Knud J. , Wengel Jesper 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDNA nanostructures have been designed and used in many different applications. However, the use of nucleic acid scaffolds to promote the self‐assembly of artificial protein mimics is only starting to emerge. Herein five coiled‐coil peptide structures were templated by the hybridization of a d‐DNA triplex or its mirror‐image counterpart, an l‐DNA triplex. The self‐assembly of the desired trimeric structures in solution was confirmed by gel electrophoresis and small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and the stabilizing synergy between the two domains was found to be chirality‐independent but orientation‐dependent. This is the first example of using a nucleic acid scaffold of l‐DNA to template the formation of artificial protein mimics. The results may advance the emerging POC‐based nanotechnology field by adding two extra dimensions, that is, chirality and polarity, to provide innovative molecular tools for rational design and bottom‐up construction of artificial protein mimics, programmable materials and responsive nanodevices.
CO2 Methanation on Fe Catalysts Using Different Structural Concepts
Authors: Kirchner Johann , Zambrzycki Christian , Kureti Sven , Güttel Robert 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe hydrogenation of carbon dioxide towards methane and water is evaluated on different types of iron catalysts. The catalysts refer to different structural concepts implying a bare iron oxide, a silica‐supported and a core‐shell system. Highest CO2 conversion of about 20 % is achieved with the bulk catalysts and the supported material. However, although revealing reduced CH4 formation rate, the core‐shell catalyst exhibits pronounced resistance against coke formation as well as thermal sintering and particle attrition upon syngas reaction.
New Bicistronic TALENs Greatly Improve Genome Editing
Authors: Martín‐Fernández José María , Fleischer Aarne , Vallejo‐Diez Sara , Palomino Esther , Sánchez‐Gilabert Almudena , Ruiz Raúl , Bejarano Yazmine , Llinàs Pere , Gayá Antoni , Bachiller Daniel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGenome editing has become one of the most powerful tools in present‐day stem cell and regenerative medicine research, but despite its rapid acceptance and widespread use, some elements of the technology still need improvement. In this unit, we present data regarding the use of a new, more efficient type of transcription activator‐like effector nuclease (TALEN) for gene editing. Our group has generated bicistronic genes in which classical TALEN coding sequences are linked by 2A elements to different reporter molecules, such as fluorochromes (TALEN‐F) or membrane receptors (TALEN‐M). This structure results in two proteins transcribed from the same transcript, of which the second (the reporter) can be used as the target for selection by fluorescence‐assisted cell sorting (FACS) or magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS). The application of these new TALEN genes allows a rapid enrichment of cells in which both members of the TALEN pair are active, thus eliminating the need for lengthy selection in culture and laborious characterization of a large number of clones. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of new TALENsBasic Protocol 2: Genome editing using TALEN‐FAlternate Protocol 1: Generation of TALEN‐MSupport Protocol 1: mRNA in vitro transcription (IVT) of TALEN‐T2A‐reporter expression vectorAlternate Protocol 2: Editing of primary T cells using TALEN‐MBasic Protocol 3: Verifying gene editingSupport Protocol 2: Rapid expansion protocol for edited T‐cells
Metabolic regulation of activins in healthy individuals and in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery
Authors: Perakakis Nikolaos , Kokkinos Alexander , Peradze Natia , Tentolouris Nikolaos , Ghaly Wael , Tsilingiris Dimitrios , Alexandrou Andreas , Mantzoros Christos S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveFollistatin binds and inactivates activins, which are potent inhibitors of muscle growth and metabolism and are currently being developed for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We have recently reported that follistatin is regulated by glucose (and not lipids) and can prospectively predict the metabolic improvements observed after bariatric surgery. We utilized novel assays herein to investigate whether activins are regulated by glucose or lipids, whether their circulating levels change after bariatric surgery and whether these changes are predictors of metabolic outcomes up to 12 months later.Design and MethodsActivin A, B, AB and their ratios to follistatin were measured in (a) healthy humans (n = 32) undergoing oral or intravenous lipid or glucose intake over 6 h, (b) morbidly obese individuals with or without type 2 diabetes undergoing three different types of bariatric surgery (gastric banding, Roux‐en‐Y bypass or sleeve gastrectomy) in two clinical studies (n = 14 for the first and n = 27 for the second study).ResultsGlucose intake downregulates circulating activin A, B and AB, indicating the presence of a feedback loop. Activin A decreases (~30%), activin AB increases (~25%) and activin B does not change after bariatric surgery. The changes in activin AB and its ratio to follistatin 3 months after bariatric surgery can predict the BMI reduction and the improvement in insulin and HOMA‐IR observed 6 months postoperatively.ConclusionActivins are implicated in glucose regulation in humans as part of a feedback loop with glucose or insulin and predict metabolic outcomes prospectively after bariatric surgery.
Annexin A3 is necessary for parallel artery‐vein alignment in the mouse retina
Authors: Huang Katie , Crist Angela M. , Patel Nehal R. , Blanks Avery , Carter Kelsey , Cleaver Ondine , Meadows Stryder M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAnnexin A3 (Anxa3) is a member of the calcium‐regulated, cell membrane‐binding family of annexin proteins. We previously confirmed that Anxa3 is expressed in the endothelial lineage in vertebrates and that loss of anxa3 in Xenopus laevis leads to embryonic blood vessel defects. However, the biological function of Anxa3 in mammals is completely unknown. In order to investigate Anxa3 vascular function in mammals, we generated an endothelial cell‐specific Anxa3 conditional knockout mouse model (Anxa3f/f;Tie2‐Cre).ResultsAnxa3f/f;Tie2‐Cre mice are born at Mendelian ratios and display morphologically normal blood vessels during development. However, loss of Anxa3 leads to artery‐vein (AV) misalignment characterized by atypical AV crossovers in the postnatal and adult retina.ConclusionsAnxa3 is not essential for embryonic blood vessel formation but is required for proper parallel AV alignment in the murine retina. AV crossovers associated with Anxa3f/f;Tie2‐Cre mice are similar to AV intersections observed in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), although we did not observe occluded vessels. This new Anxa3 mouse model may provide a basis for understanding AV crossover formation associated with BRVO.
Ecological fitting is a sufficient driver of tight interactions between sunbirds and ornithophilous plants
Authors: Janeček Štěpán , Chmel Kryštof , Uceda Gómez Guillermo , Janečková Petra , Chmelová Eliška , Sejfová Zuzana , Luma Ewome Francis 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Plant–bird pollination interactions evolved independently on different continents. Specific adaptations can lead to their restriction when potential partners from distant evolutionary trajectories come into contact. Alternatively, these interactions can be enabled by convergent evolution and subsequent ecological fitting.

We studied the interactions between New World plants from the genus Heliconia, Asian plants of genus Etlingera and African sunbirds on a local farm in Cameroon. Heliconia spp. evolved together with hummingbirds and Etlingera spp. with spiderhunters —an oriental subgroup of the sunbird family.

Sunbirds fed on all studied plants and individual plant species were visited by a different sunbird spectrum. We experimentally documented a higher number of germinated pollen grains in sunbird‐visited flowers of Etlingera spp. For Heliconia spp., this experiment was not successful and pollen tubes were rarely observed, even in hand‐pollinated flowers, where enough pollen was deposited. The analyses of contacts with plant reproductive organs nevertheless confirmed that sunbirds are good pollen vectors for both Heliconia and Etlingera species.

Our study demonstrated a high ecological fit between actors of distinct evolutionary history and the general validity of bird‐pollination syndrome. We moreover show that trait matching and niche differentiation are important ecological processes also in semi‐artificial plant‐pollinator systems.
Novel universal primers for metabarcoding environmental DNA surveys of marine mammals and other marine vertebrates
Authors: Valsecchi Elena , Bylemans Jonas , Goodman Simon J. , Lombardi Roberto , Carr Ian , Castellano Laura , Galimberti Andrea , Galli Paolo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMetabarcoding studies using environmental DNA (eDNA) and high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) are rapidly becoming an important tool for assessing and monitoring marine biodiversity, detecting invasive species, and supporting basic ecological research. Several barcode loci targeting teleost fish and elasmobranchs have previously been developed, but to date primer sets focusing on other marine megafauna, such as marine mammals, have received less attention. Similarly, there have been few attempts to identify potentially “universal” barcode loci which may be informative across multiple marine vertebrate orders. Here we describe the design and validation of two new sets of primers targeting hypervariable regions of the vertebrate mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA genes, which have conserved priming sites across virtually all cetaceans, pinnipeds, elasmobranchs, boney fish, sea turtles, and birds, and amplify fragments with consistently high levels of taxonomically diagnostic sequence variation. “In silico” validation using the OBITOOLS software showed our new barcode loci outperformed most existing vertebrate barcode loci for taxon detection and resolution. We also evaluated sequence diversity and taxonomic resolution of the new barcode loci in 680 complete marine mammal mitochondrial genomes demonstrating that they are effective at resolving amplicons for most taxa to the species level. Finally, we evaluated the performance of the primer sets with eDNA samples from aquarium communities with known species composition. These new primers will potentially allow surveys of complete marine vertebrate communities in single HTS metabarcoding assessments, simplifying workflows, reducing costs, and increasing accessibility to a wider range of investigators.
Ultra‐stable and High‐rate Lithium Ion Batteries Based on Metal–organic Framework‐derived In2O3 Nanocrystals/Hierarchically Porous Nitrogen‐doped Carbon Anode
Authors: Xu Hanjiao , Wang Lei , Zhong Jiang , Wang Tao , Cao Jinhui , Wang Yaya , Li Xiuqi , Fei Huilong , Zhu Jian , Duan Xidong 
Published: February 2020

Exploring electrode materials with attractive specific capacity and prominent cyclic durability is of the essence for promoting lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In2O3 has shown an extraordinary promise for LIBs with advantageous gravimetric capacity (theoretically 965 mA h g−1) and low working voltage. However, In2O3 still suffers from the inherent weaknesses of metal oxides in practical application, especially low conductivity and incorrigible volume expansion upon the cycling process. Here, we demonstrate the architecture of metal–organic framework (MOF)‐derived In2O3 nanocrystals/hierarchically porous nitrogen‐doped carbon composite (In2O3/HPNC) for ultra‐stable LIBs anode. This hierarchically porous structure (micro/meso/macro‐pores) with nitrogen doping not only ensures exceptional mechanical strength and accommodates the volume expansion of In2O3 nanocrystals, but also offers electrons and lithium ions efficient interpenetrating pathways to migrate rapidly during charge/discharge processes. Thus, In2O3/HPNC exhibits excellent cyclic stability with a high specific capacity of 623 mA h g−1 over 2000 cycles at 1000 mA g−1, corresponding to an ultra‐low specific capacity decay of 0.017% per cycle (the best among the In2O3‐based anode for LIBs), and outstanding rate performance, suggesting a critical step toward achieving long‐life and high‐rate LIBs in practical devices.
Oral health and dental behaviour of patients with left ventricular assist device: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Garbade Jens , Rast Josephine , Schmalz Gerhard , Eisner Mirjam , Wagner Justus , Kottmann Tanja , Oberbach Andreas , Lehmann Sven , Haak Rainer , Borger Michael A. , Binner Christian , Ziebolz Dirk 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of this cross‐sectional study was the assessment of dental behaviour, oral health, as well as oral health‐related quality of life of patients with left ventricular assist device (LVAD).Methods and resultsPatients (128) with LVAD were recruited from the University Department for Cardiac Surgery at Heart Center, Leipzig, Germany. A healthy control group (HC, n = 113) was included. Dental behaviour was assessed with a standardized questionnaire, and to evaluate oral health‐related quality of life, the German short form of oral health impact profile was applied. The presence of decayed, missing, and filled teeth; dental treatment need; periodontitis severity; and periodontal treatment need were assessed. These findings were correlated to disease‐related and device‐related factors. The minority of patients used aids for interdental hygiene (16.4%). For the LVAD patients, a German short form of oral health impact profile sum score of 4.96 ± 8.67 [0.5; 0–6] was assessed. The LVAD group suffered from more missing teeth (11.91 ± 9.13 vs. 3.70 ± 3.77; P < 0.01) than HC. More severe periodontitis was found in LVAD group (LVAD = 41.4% and HC = 27.4%; P < 0.01). Periodontal treatment need was high in both groups, without a significant difference (LVAD = 84.4% vs. HC = 86.7%; P = 0.71). LVAD therapy as bridge to transplantation was correlated with periodontal treatment need (odds ratio = 11.48 [1.27; 103.86]; P = 0.03). Further correlations between treatment need and disease specific factors were not detected.ConclusionsPatients with LVAD suffer from a high periodontal treatment need and a lack in oral behaviour. Interdisciplinary special care concepts appear recommendable to improve oral health in LVAD patients.
Determination of phenytoin in exhaled breath condensate using electromembrane extraction followed by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Seyfinejad Behrouz , Meshkini Ali , Habibolahi Paria , Ozkan Sibel A. , Jouyban Abolghasem 
Published: February 2020

AbstractApplication of hollow fiber‐based electromembrane extraction was studied for extraction and quantification of phenytoin from exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Phenytoin is extracted from EBC through a supported liquid membrane consisting of 1‐octanol impregnated in the walls of a hollow fiber, and into an alkaline aqueous acceptor solution inside the lumen of the fiber. Under the obtained conditions of electromembrane extraction, that is, the extraction time of 15 min, stirring speed of 750 rpm, donor phase pH at 11.0, acceptor pH at 13.0, and an applied voltage of 15 V across the supported liquid membrane, an enrichment factor of 102‐fold correspond to extraction percent of 25.5% was achieved. Good linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.001–0.10 µg/mL (r2 = 0.9992). Limits of detection and quantitation were 0.001 and 0.003 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine phenytoin from EBC samples of patients receiving the drug. No interfering peaks were detected that indicating excellent selectivity of the method. The intra‐ and interday precisions (RSDs) were less than 14%.
Generalized dynamic analysis of structural single rocking walls (SRWs)
Authors: Kalliontzis Dimitrios , Schultz Arturo E. , Sritharan Sri 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThe investigation of structural single rocking walls (SRWs) continues to gain interest as they produce self‐centering lateral load responses with reduced structural damage. The simple rocking model with modifications has been shown to capture these responses accurately if the SRW and its underlying base are infinitely rigid. This paper advances previous rocking models by accounting for (1) the inelastic actions at or near the base of the SRW and (2) the flexural responses within the wall. Included in the proposed advancements are hysteretic and inherent viscous damping associated with these two deformation components so that the total dynamic responses of SRWs can be captured with good accuracy. A system of nonlinear equations of motion is developed, in which the rocking base is discretized into fibers using a zero‐length element to locate the associated compressive deformations and damage. The flexural deformations of the rocking body are captured using an elastic term, while the impact events are modeled using impulse‐momentum equations. Comparisons with experiments of structural precast concrete and masonry SRWs show that the proposed approach accurately estimates the dynamic responses of different SRWs with and without unbonded posttensioning, for various dynamic excitations and degrees of hysteretic action. Using the proposed approach, a numerical investigation employs different configurations of structural SRWs to quantify the various sources of energy loss, including hysteretic action and impact damping, during various horizontal ground motions.