bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of fluorescence visualization-guided surgery for early-stage tongue squamous cell carcinoma compared to iodine vital staining
Authors: Ikeda Yusuke , Suzuki Taiki , Saitou Hirokazu , Ogane Satoru , Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Takano Nobuo , Nomura Takeshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
In the most cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is found adjacent to the primary tumor. The delineation of surgical margins for OSCC is critical to minimize the risk for local recurrence. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that the fluorescence visualization (FV)- device can delineated the lesion visualizes OED of adjacent primary tumors by histopathologically comparison to conventional iodine vital staining.

Material and methods
The study involved 40 patients with superficial tongue squamous cell carcinoma treated from July 2016 to July 2018 at the Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College.

Results
Cytokeratin 13 (CK13) expression rate in the area of fluorescence visualization loss (FVL) was significantly lower than that in the area of fluorescence visualization retention (FVR). In addition, CK17, Ki-67, and p53 expression rates were significantly higher in FVL than FVR. There was no significant difference in the delineation rate or area between FVL and iodine-unstained area. High-grade dysplasia was observed most frequently at the FV and iodine-unstained boundary, but no significant pathological differences were found.

Conclusion
We strongly suggest the FV-guided surgery is a useful method for accurate resection in early-stage tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
Predictors of negotiated prices for new drugs in Germany
Authors: Gandjour Afschin , Schüßler Sofia , Hammerschmidt Thomas , Dintsios Charalabos-Markos 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction
In Germany, all new, innovative medicines are subject to an early benefit assessment by the German Federal Joint Committee with subsequent price negotiation and optional arbitration. The purpose of this study was to identify drivers of negotiated (including arbitrated) prices of new, non-orphan innovative medicines in Germany.

Methods
The analysis considered all non-orphan drugs that underwent a benefit appraisal between January 2011 and June 2016, and displayed a reimbursement price in the German Drug Directory (Lauer-Taxe®) in November 2017. Negotiated annual treatment costs were analyzed with respect to 11 explanatory variables in regression models.

Results
The total sample included 106 non-orphan drugs. The analysis showed a significant and positive association of log-transformed negotiated annual treatment cost of new medicines with log-transformed annual treatment cost of its comparator(s), extent of added benefit, and log-transformed size of the target population. Analyzing the effects of specific endpoints instead of the overall added benefit revealed that the single endpoint with the largest impact on price is adverse events (AEs). Surprisingly, an increase in AEs significantly increased the price. Various subgroup and sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of the results. The adjusted R squared for all models was above 80%.

Conclusions
The analysis was able to confirm that variables whose consideration is mandated by law are, in fact, the key drivers of negotiated prices. Somewhat puzzling, the analysis also found an increase in AEs to move prices significantly upward.
Out-of-plane reinforcement of masonry walls using joint-embedded steel cables
Authors: Corradi Marco , Speranzini Emanuela , Bisciotti Giordano 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe out-of-plane mechanism (rocking) of walls often causes fatalities and collapses of historic buildings during earthquakes. This paper addresses the problem of assessing the seismic resistance of walls subjected to out-of-plane bending, before and after reinforcement. A new retrofitting method, consisting in the use of high-strength steel cables fully embedded in the mortar bed joints was studied. An experimental investigation using full-scale brickwork specimens was therefore conducted in an attempt to assess the walls’ structural response when these are subject to out-of-plane loads. Test results demonstrated that it is possible to increase the out-of-plane capacity with the proposed method. A simplified macro-element procedure is also presented along with recommendations for the calculation of the walls’ capacity before and after the application of the steel cable reinforcement. Predictions of the magnitude of horizontal force required to cause out-of-plane failure using the proposed procedure and quasi-static analysis procedures are compared with the results of laboratory experiments.
Coalitions and Public Action in the Reshaping of Corporate Responsibility: The Case of the Retail Banking Industry
Authors: de la Cuesta-González Marta , Froud Julie , Tischer Daniel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper addresses the question of whether and how public action via civil society and/or government can meaningfully shape industry-wide corporate responsibility (ICR) behaviour. We explore how, in principle, ICR can come about and what conditions might be effective in promoting more ethical behaviour. We propose a framework to understand attempts to develop more responsible behaviour at an industry level through processes of negotiation and coalition building. We suggest that any attempt to meaningfully influence ICR would require stakeholders to possess both power and legitimacy; moreover, magnitude and urgency of the issue at stake may affect the ability to influence ICR. The framework is applied to the retail banking industry, focusing on post-crisis experiences in two countries—Spain and the UK—where there has been considerable pressure on the retail banking industry by civil society and/or government to change behaviours, especially to abandon unethical practices. We illustrate in this paper how corporate responsibility at the sector level in retail banking is the product of context-specific processes of negotiation between civil society and public authorities, on behalf of customers and other stakeholders, drawing on legal and other institutions to influence industry behaviour.
Societal Protection and Population Vulnerability: Key Factors in Explaining Community-Level Variation in Fatal Fires Involving Older Adults in Sweden
Authors: Nilson Finn , Bonander Carl 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBased on evidence from previous studies, fire mortality rates among older adults on a local level seem to be related two dimensions; population vulnerability and societal protection. In this paper, we investigate the magnitude of the impacts of variation along these two dimensions on the rate of fatal fires involving at least one older adult (65 + years) in Swedish municipalities. Our empirical strategy involves using principal components analysis to estimate the two dimensions based on data on the health of the older population, factors related to municipal rescue service efficiency, as well as other factors that may indirectly effect efficiency (such as urbanization rates and economic conditions). We then use Poisson regression models to study how mortality rates vary with changes along each dimension while keeping the other constant. The results support previous evidence suggesting that an efficient rescue service is important for low fire mortality rates. However, we also find evidence that variations in the vulnerability of the older population may play an equally important role. As such, the results indicate while improved societal protection is important in order to reduce fire-related mortality rates, merely focusing on these aspects will not eliminate the risk-increasing aspect of population vulnerability. In turn, this implies a need for a multifaceted approach to local fire mortality prevention that targets both rescue service efficiency and population vulnerability.
Biopolymers for hydrogels in cosmetics: review
Authors: Mitura Stanisław , Sionkowska Alina , Jaiswal Amit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHydrogels are cross-linked networks of macromolecular compounds characterized by high water absorption capacity. Such materials find a wide range of biomedical applications. Several polymeric hydrogels can also be used in cosmetics. Herein, the structure, properties and selected applications of hydrogels in cosmetics are discussed in general. Detailed examples from scientific literature are also shown. In this review paper, most common biopolymers used in cosmetics are presented in detail together with issues related to skin treatment and hair conditioning. Hydrogels based on collagen, chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and other polysaccharides have been characterized. New trends in the preparation of hydrogels based on biopolymer blends as well as bigels have been shown. Moreover, biopolymer hydrogels employment in encapsulation has been mentioned.
Optimality of Impulse Control Problem in Refracted Lévy Model with Parisian Ruin and Transaction Costs
Authors: Czarna Irmina , Kaszubowski Adam 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHere, we investigate an optimal dividend problem with transaction costs, in which the surplus process is modeled by a refracted Lévy process and the ruin time is considered with Parisian delay. The presence of the transaction costs implies that the impulse control problem needs to be considered as a control strategy in such a model. An impulse policy which involves reducing the reserves to some fixed level, whenever they are above another, is an important strategy for the impulse control problem. Therefore, we provide sufficient conditions under which the above described impulse policy is optimal. Furthermore, we provide new analytical formulae for the Parisian refracted q-scale functions in the case of the linear Brownian motion and the Crámer–Lundberg process with exponential claims. Using these formulae, we show that, for these models, there exists a unique policy, which is optimal for the impulse control problem. Numerical examples are also provided.
Existential Displacement: Health Care and Embodied Un/Belonging of Irregular Migrants in Norway
Authors: Bendixsen Synnøve K. N. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDrawing on fieldwork and interviews in Oslo and Bergen, Norway, this article discusses irregular migrants’ experiences of existential displacement and the tactics they use to try to re-establish a sense of emplacement and belonging. More specifically, it argues that irregular migrants’ experiences of embodied unbelonging are a consequence of a violent form of governmentality that includes specific laws, healthcare structures, and migration management rationalities. The article makes this argument by tracing how these experiences translate into embodied effects that feature prominently in migrants’ narratives of suffering while living in a country that purports to provide welfare services to all. The narratives of their state of being-in-the-world are ways through which migrants both experience and express the violence and deprivation they face. I argue that these narratives are instances of structures of feeling (Williams 1973), which are shaped by modes of governmentality. The article shows that irregular migrants’ coping strategies centrally involve faith, religious communities and friends. Irregular migrants draw on these relationships to get by, access healthcare, and to resist the (health) effects of social deprivation and political violence. These relationships allow irregular migrants to find meaningful ways of being-in-the-world and rebuilding, to some extent, a sense of entitlement and belonging.
Standardized assessment, information, and networking technologies (SAINTs): lessons from three decades of development and testing
Authors: Wasson John H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose

To rectify the significant mismatch observed between what matters to patients and what clinicians know, our research group developed a standardized assessment, information, and networking technology (SAINT).

Methods
Controlled trials and field tests involving more than 230,000 adults identified characteristics of a successful SAINT—www.HowsYourHealth.org—for primary care and community settings.

Results
Evidence supports SAINT effectiveness when the SAINT has a simple design that provides a service to patients and explicitly engages them in an information and communication network with their clinicians. This service orientation requires that an effective SAINT deliver easily interpretable patient reports that immediately guide provider actions. For example, our SAINT tracks patient-reported confidence that they can self-manage health problems, and providers can immediately act on patients’ verbatim descriptions of what they want or need to become more health confident. This information also supports current and future resource planning, and thereby fulfills another characteristic of a successful SAINT: contributing to health care reliability. Lastly, SAINTs must manage or evade the “C-monsters,” powerful obstacles to implementation that largely revolve around control and commercialism. Responses from more than 10,000 adult patients with diabetes illustrate how a successful SAINT offers a standard and expedient guide to managing each patient’s concerns and adjusting health services to better meet the needs of any large patient population.

Conclusion
Technologies that evolve to include the characteristics described here will deliver more effective tools for patients, providers, payers, and policymakers and give patients control over sharing their data with those who need it in real time.
Towards better use of Indonesian peatlands with paludiculture and low-drainage food crops
Authors: Uda Saritha Kittie , Hein Lars , Adventa Alma 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe current drainage-based peatland management systems in Indonesia result in high fire risks, soil subsidence and CO2emissions. This study aims to assess different alternatives of peatland crops in order to help prevent further degradation of peatlands in Indonesia. We focus on tropical peatland crops that provide food and that are of particular interest to smallholders. We compare various peatland food crops that are commonly grown with no drainage (paludiculture) or drainage below 50 cm in our study area, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in terms of sustainability, profitability, scalability of the market and acceptability to farmers. Our results show that sago (Metroxylon sagu), banana (Musa paradisiaca) and pineapple (Ananas comosus) followed by water spinach/kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica), kelakai/edible fern (Stenochlaena palustris), illipe nut/tengkawang (Shoreaspp.), dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) and sweet melon/melon (Cucumis melo) are the best options based on the aggregated scores for these criteria (but precaution should be taken when planting crops that require low drainage). Sago palm and illipe nut have the highest scores for both sustainability and scalability of market, whereas banana, pineapple and sweet melon have the highest scores in term of the scalability of market and acceptability to farmers. We also address key opportunities and bottlenecks for the development of paludiculture food crops and present recommendations for the implementation of paludiculture in Indonesian peatlands.
Relationship Between the Thermodynamic Parameters, Structure, and Anticorrosion Properties of Al-Zr-Ni-Fe-Y Alloys
Authors: Babilas R. , Łoński W. , Młynarek K. , Bajorek A. , Radoń A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The influence of the chemical composition on the crystallization process, amorphous phase formation, and the anticorrosion properties of Al-Zr-Ni-Fe-Y alloys are presented. To reduce the number of experiments, a thermodynamic approach was applied in which the entropy and Gibbs free energy of representative alloys were optimized. The low glass-forming ability of Al-Zr-Ni-Fe-Y alloy systems was related to the crystallization of the Al3Zr phase from the melt. The structural analysis showed that phases containing Ni and Fe, such as Al19Ni5Y3, Al10Fe2Y, and Al23Ni6Y4, played a key role in the formation of amorphous alloys. According to this, the simultaneous addition of Ni/Fe and Y is important to prevent the crystallization of Al-based alloys in the melt. The formation of an amorphous phase in Al80Zr5Ni5Fe5Y5 alloys and the complete amorphization of Al85Ni5Fe5Y5 alloys were responsible for the high corrosion resistance compared with fully crystalline alloys. Moreover, the addition of Y had a significant impact on the anticorrosion properties. The XPS results showed that the alloys tended to form a passive Al2O3 and Y2O3 layer on the surface.
Thermal Spray High-Entropy Alloy Coatings: A Review
Authors: Meghwal Ashok , Anupam Ameey , Murty B. S. , Berndt Christopher C. , Kottada Ravi Sankar , Ang Andrew Siao Ming 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHigh-entropy alloys (HEAs) are a new generation of materials that exhibit unique characteristics and properties, and are demonstrating potential in the form of thermal spray coatings for demanding environments. The use of HEAs as feedstock for coating processes has advanced due to reports of their exceptional properties in both bulk and coating forms. Emerging reports of thermal sprayed HEA coatings outperforming conventional materials have accelerated further exploration of this field. This early-stage review discusses the outcomes of combining thermal spray and HEAs. Various synthesis routes adopted for HEA feedstock preparation and their properties are discussed, with reference to the requirements of thermal spray processing. The HEA feedstock is then compared and correlated with coating microstructure and phase composition as a function of the thermal spray processing route. Subsequently, the mechanical behavior of thermal spray HEA coatings is summarized in terms of porosity, hardness, and tribological properties, along with their oxidation and electrochemical properties, followed by their potential applications. The thermal spray methods are contrasted against laser cladding and surface alloying techniques for synthesizing thick HEA coatings. Furthermore, HEAs that have displayed excellent properties via alternative processing routes, but have not been explored within the framework of thermal spray, are recommended.
The Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes Are Novel Subcellular Locations Enriched for Inflammatory-Responsive MicroRNAs
Authors: Wang Wang-Xia , Prajapati Paresh , Nelson Peter T. , Springer Joe E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) are specific ER domains that contact the mitochondria and function to facilitate communication between ER and mitochondria. Disruption of contact between the mitochondria and ER is associated with a variety of pathophysiological conditions including neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the many cellular functions of MAMs, we hypothesized that MAMs play an important role in regulating microRNA (miRNA) activity linked to its unique location between mitochondria and ER. Here we present new findings from human and rat brains indicating that the MAMs are subcellular sites enriched for specific miRNAs. We employed subcellular fractionation and TaqMan® RT-qPCR miRNA analysis to quantify miRNA levels in subcellular fractions isolated from male rat brains and six human brain samples. We found that MAMs contain a substantial number of miRNAs and the profile differs significantly from that of cytosolic, mitochondria, or ER. Interestingly, MAMs are particularly enriched in inflammatory-responsive miRNAs, including miR-146a, miR-142-3p, and miR-142-5p in both human and rat brains; miR-223 MAM enrichment was observed only in human brain samples. Further, mitochondrial uncoupling or traumatic brain injury in male rats resulted in the alteration of inflammatory miRNA enrichment in the isolated subcellular fractions. These observations demonstrate that miRNAs are distributed differentially in organelles and may re-distribute between organelles and the cytosol in response to cellular stress and metabolic demands.
Reconciliation as a Threat or Structural Change? The Truth and Reconciliation Process and Settler Colonial Policy Making in Finland
Authors: Kuokkanen Rauna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Sámi have long desired a public process to examine and expose the Nordic states’ colonial, assimilationist practices and policies, past and present, toward the Sámi people. This article considers the truth and reconciliation process in Finland, assessing it in light of recent legislative and other measures. Employing settler colonial theory, it argues that reconciliation, although seemingly progressive, signifies a continuation of colonialism unless the state terminates its current approach of overlooking Sámi rights. The article concludes with a discussion of structural reconciliation and justice and considers some concrete measures for structural change in order for the reconciliation process to be valid and successful in Finland.
Evolution of nanomaterials in petroleum industries: application and the challenges
Authors: Shingala Jainish , Shah Vrutang , Dudhat Kaushalkumar , Shah Manan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDue to soaring demand for universal energy, industry forced to look forward in either expand the limit of conventional energy resources or to look at other possibilities such as renewable energy resources and unconventional hydrocarbon resources. The challenges might be figured out by revolutionary technological developments in the energy sector by science and technology. The industry needs splendid technological breakthroughs in the energy sector to push the final frontier of conventional energy resources. Owing to its superior particle size and properties, nanotechnology can likely of moving far that current energy supply by introducing new technologies. The exact exploitation and manipulation of matter at measurements of (1–100) nanometres have revolutionized many sectors, including the petroleum sector. The upgrade in nanoscale organized materials represents one of the fascinating, inventive viewpoints bringing innovative advances in numerous industries. The charge of oil extraction is under heavyweight, and it becomes increasingly difficult to legitimize it when the gross price of oil is powerless and depressing. There is a universal belief that nanotechnologies can be to produce new, more valuable nanomaterials to oppose these technological limitations. Many research endeavours are being coordinated towards the opening of immense and diverse advantages of nanotechnology in the oil and gas industry. The research experts have experienced the utilization of different nanoparticle types and sizes. Nanoparticles show exceptional properties because of their large surface area and highly activated particle surface. The nanotechnology can be performed at a different scale in petroleum engineering from exploration, drilling, cementing, reservoir, completion, production, and processing and refinery in each stage. This paper intends to give a concise thought of the significant uses of nanoparticles, their potential advantages, associated economic and technical challenges, and solutions.