bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Societal and economic factors associated with COVID-19 indicate that developing countries could suffer the most
Authors: Selvitella Alessandro Maria , Foster Kathleen Lois 
Published: September 2020

Most of the research related to the COVID-19 pandemic deals with the biological and epidemiological factors which have driven the spread of the coronavirus around the globe. In this paper, we analyse how societal and economic variates relate to the number of cases and deaths across countries, via machine learning methods. Our findings recommend focusing our attention on developing countries where the healthcare system might suffer the most.
Role of peer educators in behaviour change communication interventions for HIV prevention among people who inject drugs: Systematic review article
Authors: Mabuie Maltez 
Published: September 2020

Currently, there are 13 million People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in the world of which 1.7 million people are HIV positive. Recent reports demonstrate that the risk of HIV transmission is significantly high among PWID, because these individuals are involved in risky behaviours; for instance, sharing equipment and involving themselves in risky, sexual activities more than the rest of the population. Peer education is a key behaviour change strategy that draws on several theories such as information motivation behaviour skill theory; theory of reasoned action; and diffusion of innovation theory. In particular, peer educators have been considered important agents of behaviour change because they are capable of communicating with PWID and influencing the group norms. The aim of the study is to look at the role of peer educators in behaviour change communication (BCC) intervention to prevent the spread of HIV among PWID. A systematic literature review was used as the method of choice for data collection. In particular, data were drawn from six highly relevant and most recent research journals. The results of this study demonstrate that peer education positively influences the norms, attitudes and believes of PWID. In conclusion, the study provides evidence that peer educators play a fundamental role reducing harm and the spread of HIV. The study proposes the engagement of volunteers who assist PWID with their injections in BCC interventions in order to prevent the transmission of HIV.
Identifyng the relationships between personality traits and non-cognitive skills
Authors: Călin Mariana Floricica  , Radu Andrei Mihai  
Published: September 2020

Through this research, it has been studied the relationship between personality traits and non-cognitive skills. The hypotheses of this study are that there is a positive correlation between a high level of extraversion and physical abilities, and there is a positive correlation between a high level of autonomy and musical abilities. The research was conducted through two research tools, the purpose of which was to identify and evaluate personality traits and non-cognitive skills. The group of participants consists of 120 people aged between 18 and 33 years. The study results attest the validity of the assumptions. In both cases, personality traits are a possible predictor of the development of non-cognitive skills, while the latter are a possible modeling factor for the personality.
Sociosemiotics as an impetus for naming
Authors: Valdet Hysenaj  
Published: September 2020

Albanian linguistics today finds itself in a new situation of studies and research in the continuation of the treatment of unexplored issues against the known ones, which as concepts have interacted following the path of a scientific axiom. Among the unspoken knowledge, like any other science, is semiotics (sociosemiotics, the field of our research) which is considered the "foundation of all sciences". It has the progress of constitution and development, but compared to many other sciences it is at the initiative of development. The paper will briefly address the emergence of this knowledge, its development and history, and then present the knowledge, understanding, goals, actions, basic concepts, main themes of treatment, importance, integration, primary areas of research, and sociosemiotic research as a motivating impetus. We have noticed that sociosemiotics not only has a study function for meaningful phenomena defined by the pragmatic dimensions of signs, but also has other additional effects such as p. sh. sociocultural, ethical, aesthetic, motivating, coordinating effects, etc. This can be seen from the internal motivational-subjective motivational impulses, based on pragmatic semiotics. We support the fact that sign theory is present in various fields of activity and creativity, so it is of scientific interest to investigate and analyze sociosemiotic indicators, which we have tried to address. Research in this field does not only belong to albanological knowledge, they, as seen in this paper, belong to many other sciences and are of particular interest for their further development. The lack of literature in the Albanian language for this knowledge is one reason that its research has not been conducted in research so far.
The Impact of Social Indicators of Economic Freedom and Poverty on Greece's GDP Index
Authors: Anastasiou Athanasios , Komninos Dimitrios , Dermatis Zacharias , Liargovas Panagiotis 
Published: September 2020

Socio-economic indicators are usually complex indicators, i.e. they are derived from the composition of individual indicators using a method of weighting. The index of economic freedom shows us how open and friendly our country is towards 'business'. The poverty index is an indication of the standard of living of our country and it is generally considered that it can effectively reflect the various shortcomings of the population. GDP, respectively, measures, in units of money, all finished products produced annually in an economy and traded through the market. Annual GDP growth over a given period is a measure of growth. This economic growth is currently one of the most dynamic growing branches of economic science.
In the research section of this paper, we examine the degree of correlation between the social indicators of Economic Freedom and Poverty with the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) financial indicator, and finally, the conclusions drawn from the processing of the correlational data are recorded for future study.
Judicial oversight and the impact of laws to prevent liability
Authors: Median Jamal Al Mahasneh  , Mohamad Baraa Basel Abuanzeh  
Published: September 2020

The authority based on martial law or the state of emergency is accustomed to issuing legislation that works to prevent the judiciary from considering its actions that are in implementation of the customary law, and that is either during the establishment of exceptional circumstances or after its expiry meaning that it prevents individuals from resorting to the judiciary to challenge their exceptional authority Authorized to it according to the texts governing the exceptional circumstances ().
The most dangerous thing that the legislative or executive authority usually does regarding a state of emergency is what it issues from laws or instructions called the laws of inclusive (laws of lifting responsibility) even though the correctness of its name in estimating some of them should be the laws of exemptions from implications ().
This is because this immunization according to these laws will inevitably lead to the inability of any victim to resort to the judiciary, in the event that those who implement martial law or the state of emergency exceed their competences entrusted to them under exceptional circumstances.
The Raising the Liability Law or the Implications Law is defined as legislation whose purpose is to legitimize actions that were at the time of their unlawful act, and to exempt the persons who are subject to them from the responsibility of assaulting the law, and this is what Jordan and other countries followed like France and Egypt, and that was in times of declaring martial law and a state Emergency.
The methods of immunization vary and its extent varies, it may be partially preventing the appeal of cancellation or requesting the suspension of the implementation of the administrative decision only, so individuals are permitted to even seek compensation for the damage caused by the immune decision, and it may be totally, thus giving the administrative decision total immunity, whether in terms of cancellation or suspension of execution or Compensation, and it may be an absolute immunization, as it stipulates that the decision may not be appealed in any way of appeal before any judicial or administrative authority, and the immunization may be proportional, that is, with regard to preventing the appeal of the decision before the judiciary with the assignment of jurisdiction in relation to it to an administrative authority or committee, In terms of the immunization tool, it may be either by a law issued by the legislative authority, and this is the overwhelming majority, and it may be inferior to the law, such as regular systems such as customary management instructions in Jordan .

In this paper, I will discuss the position of the judiciary in Jordan and the comparative judiciary regarding these legislations. To determine the impact of these laws on the right of individuals to seek legal redress when they are harmed through two topics:
Some new research about Vlaicu network during the Second World War
Authors: Marian Zidaru  
Published: September 2020

George Beza (1907-1997) joined the Iron Guard. He acquired the title “Commander” of the legion but soon left the organization. He worked for a while with Mihai Stelescu (excluded from the Iron Guard on September 25, 1934) to publish the magazine "Crusade of Romanism", in which they criticized the legion. In April 1936, he and Stelescu were placed on the watch list of those who were to be punished for their treachery. Beza joined PNȚ and played and played an important role in World War II a monument was erected in Jerusalem in honor of Beza. He played an important role in the plans of SOE to organize anti-Antonescu propaganda in Romania. He was the author of the Vlaicu anti-axis resistance in Romania. This paper presents some aspects of SOE's organizational activities related to the Vlaicu program.
Students` perceptions about the impact of COVID-19 on learning process. A sociological approach
Authors: Apostol Alexandru-Cosmin 
Published: September 2020

The last six months have been marked by the worldwide spread of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) which has triggered a global pandemic crisis. Thus, among the most affected fields of activity is education, educational institutions being forced to transfer all the curricular activities in the online environment, by using various digital tools and also Social Media. Due the rapidly spreading of the novel coronavirus, since the beginning of this year, thousands of higher education institutions around the world have been gradually constrained by local gouvernments and public authorities to replace traditional in-person educational activities with distance education, mediated by the digital environment. In turn, the Romanian educational system, as in the case of other countries, has been forced to respond promptly to the arising pandemic crisis challenges. Over the past decades, several researchers from various scientific fields have shown a growing interest in studying the ways in which technology (Marchello and Kelly, 1989), information and communication technology – ICT (Campbell, 2006; Aczel and Hardy, 2007; Saadik, 2008) or digital tools (Säljö, 2010) can be successfully integrated into curricular activities. Nowadays, all these contributions acquire a special significance, once the educational system has had to adapt, willingly or unwillingly, to the current context. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to present several results of an exploratory quantitative sociological research conducted between 26th of March - 20th of April 2020, at the Faculty of Philosophy and Social-Political Sciences, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, on a sample of 643 students. The main purpose of this research was to highlight the impact of the pandemic crisis on the learning process among students. Among the main research objectives were: (a) to identify students perceptions about the closure of face-to-face university courses and seminars; (b) to measure the proportion of students who were considering, at the time of the study, that the Romanian educational system is ready to switch traditional learning activities with online courses and seminars; (c) to analyze the main concerns among students toward the effects of pandemic crisis on their future educational path and educational outcomes.
Qasem Soleimani: A Caesar Interrupted?
Authors: Kazimi Nibras 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Uskowi's framing of the Quds Force as independent of the Iranian Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) offered an opportunity to ask profound questions about the agency of ideas, or the agency of men with ideas, especially as the Quds Force commander Major General Qasem Soleimani loomed so large in the trajectory of this organization. Uskowi could have asked basic questions such as what was the Quds Force before Soleimani's tenure, and what did he turn it into? Uskowi, however, in neatly folding the present unto the past, failed to use this writing exercise, done over a year's time, to transition from the role of a briefer to that of the historian.
Libya: From Uprising to War, 2011–2019
Authors: Varvelli Arturo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Libya's crisis has lasted nearly a decade. Since the death of the dictator Muammar Qaddafi in 2011, the country has experienced instability and turmoil that has progressively escalated into a state of civil war. After such a long period of violence and armed struggle, the consequences for the Libyan economy, infrastructure, and the social fabric of its population have been dramatic and severe. The country is failing to find a balance for a solution to its problems, and the impact of this deadlock is reverberating throughout the region and beyond. Even though the war in Libya is one of the longest conflicts that is affecting the region, the crisis remains largely neglected. The attention given to Libya is generally limited to counterterrorism operations or, especially for Europeans, to its role as a node in the flow of human migration into Europe. However, it is evident that the consequences of this conflict are considerably affecting the major geopolitical dynamics of Africa, the Middle East, and Europe.
Bringing the State Back In: Between Fragility and Overstatement
Authors: Zisser Eyal 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The institution of the state in the Middle East, including even those territorial states whose roots go back only to the Western presence, are of much greater importance than recent scholarship would suggest. Furthermore, following the outbreak of the “Arab Spring” in the winter of 2010, which degenerated into widespread regional turmoil, questions of religious affiliation, family and clan, ethnic communal, and tribal identity generated renewed interest, especially in regard to their interaction with the institution of the state. The violence that erupted in 2010–11 destabilized the unity of some of the states in the region and led to the collapse of others. This article addresses four recent books that attempt to grapple with the nature of the state in the Arab world and the attenuation of the regional order in the Middle East.
The Missing Involvement of Athletes in the Governance of International Athletics: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Krieger Jörg 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of academic studies have highlighted the fact that athletes have little influence on decision-making in international sport. However, these studies have omitted historical perspectives on the organizational structures of the governing bodies of sport that prevented the facilitation of athletes’ representation. This paper explores the struggle for athletes to gain a voice in one of the biggest and most influential Olympic federations, the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). In particular, it focuses on the processes of professionalization and commercialization during the 1980s that culminated in the foundation of the Athletes’ Commission in 1989. Drawing on historical documentation from various archives, it is argued that the amateur ideology in athletics and the conservative beliefs of leading IAAF officials prevented active athletes from participating in policy-making. Thus, today’s lack of athletes’ involvement is also a result of sport’s amateur past.
A new green-coloured Lusitanipus Mauriès, 1978 from the Iberian Peninsula (Diplopoda: Callipodida: Dorypetalidae)
Authors: Gilgado José Domingo , Martínez-Pillado Virginia , Prieto Carlos E. 
Published: September 2020

Recent samplings in cavities of the Iberian Peninsula led to the discovery of a new millipede species of the order Callipodida in one cave in the region of El Bierzo (León, Spain): Lusitanipus xanin sp. nov. In additional samplings (near that cave), more specimens of this new species were discovered in surface habitats. The species has various distinctive characteristics, such as its green colour, but the morphology of the gonopod has several similarities with that of Lusitanipus alternans (Verhoeff, 1893), indicating a close relationship between them. The diagnosis of the genus Lusitanipus Mauriès, 1978 has to be changed to accommodate the new species. The presence of crests in two different sizes is no longer a diagnostic character of the genus Lusitanipus, but of the species L. alternans. Lusitanipus xanin sp. nov. is the fourth species of the order Callipodida for the Iberian Peninsula, and the second species for the genus. Lusitanipus xanin sp. nov. seems to be an epigean but troglophile species.
La transmisión de conocimientos tradicionales con enfoque de género para su inclusión en la Educación ambiental
Authors: Martínez-Molina Lucía , Solis-Espallargas Carmen 
Published: September 2020

Resumen: Históricamente los pueblos han desarrollado numerosos conocimientos útiles para la vida, saberes funcionales adaptados al territorio, compartidos y valorados por una comunidad. Su aplicación y transmisión son especialmente relevantes en la mejora de nuestra calidad de vida y la gestión los recursos naturales de una manera sostenible, especialmente en condiciones cambiantes e inciertas. Presentamos un estudio con enfoque de género e intergeneracional sobre la transmisión de Conocimientos tradicionales en la región de Andalucía Oriental en el que participaron mayores de Centros de Participación Activa y jóvenes universitarios. Cuestiones sobre práctica, origen y traspaso de Conocimientos tradicionales, así como sobre su componente sostenible han sido el centro de interés de esta investigación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las mujeres mayores son las principales practicantes, transmisoras y receptoras de estos conocimientos, especialmente los relacionados con la salud y los cuidados. Los datos revelan la existencia de una brecha generacional en cuanto a su práctica. El fin último de este trabajo se centra en proponer claves para fomentar la práctica y transmisión de los Conocimientos tradicionales sostenibles en programas de educación ambiental con enfoque de género.Abstract: Historically, people have developed many useful knowledge for life, functional knowledge adapted to the territory, shared and valued by a community. Its application and transmission are especially relevant to improve our quality of life and managing natural resources in a sustainable way, especially in changing and uncertain conditions. We present a study with a gender and intergenerational approach on the transmission of Traditional knowledges in the region of Eastern Andalusia, in which elderly people from Active Participation Centers and young university students participated. Questions about practice, origin and transfer of Traditional knowledge as well as its sustainable component have been the focus of this investigation. The results show that elder women are the main practitioners, transmitters and recipients of this Knowledge, especially those related to health and care. The data reveal the existence of a generation gap in terms of its practice. The last objective will be to propose keys to promote the practice and transmission of Traditional knowledge in environmental education and gender.
A Pilot Study of Jugular Compression (Queckenstedt maneuver) for Cranial Movement Perception
Authors: Abenavoli Alessandra , Pisa Stefano , Maggiani Alberto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
Osteopathy in the cranial field (OCF) is among the most controversial topics of osteopathic practice. The mechanism by which cranial movement (CM) occurs is poorly understood, but includes speculation that intracranial pressure can generate a movement of the cranial bones. If this model is valid, an increase in intracranial pressure produced by bilateral compression of internal jugular veins, or the Queckenstedt maneuver (Q-test), should be detectable.

Objective
To determine whether osteopaths can perceive a palpable change in CM when the Q-test is applied.

Methods
Blindfolded osteopaths experienced in OCF evaluated the CM of volunteers as a trained clinician applied the Q-test. The osteopaths reported any change in CM amplitude during 3 different 1-minute periods. The total number of variations perceived in each period (PV) by all osteopaths on all volunteers was analyzed. The Kruskal Wallis test was used to evaluate the differences between the test periods. The Mann-Whitney test was used for a pairwise comparison. Statistical significance was set at P≤.05.

Results
Eight osteopaths participated in this study and evaluated the CM of 6 volunteers. A Kruskal-Wallis test of the PV between monitoring periods revealed a statistically significant difference (P<.001). A Mann-Whitney Test showed there was a significant increase in PV between the compression period and the 2 other monitoring periods (base P=.003 and expectation P=.009).

Conclusion
Osteopaths could detect a change in the amplitude of CM after the Q-test was applied. Although this was a small-scale pilot study, our data represent a starting point for understanding whether an intracranial or an extracranial mechanism is responsible for the CM.