bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced order modeling of blood perfusion in parametric multipatch liver lobules
Authors: Siddiqui Ahsan Ali , Jessen Etienne , Stoter Stein K. F. , Néron David , Schillinger Dominik 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we present a computationally efficient reduced order model for obtaining blood perfusion profiles within parametric functional units of the liver called ‘lobules’. We consider Darcy’s equation in two-dimensional hexagonal lobule domains with six flow inlets and one outlet, whose positions are parameterized to represent varying lobule geometries. To avoid the meshing effort for every new lobule domain, we map the parametric domain onto a single reference domain. By making use of the contra-variant Piola mapping, we represent solutions of the parametric domains in the reference domain. We then construct a reduced order model via proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). Additionally, we employ the discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) to treat the non-affine parameter dependence that appears due to the geometric mapping. For sampling random shapes and sizes of lobules, we generate Voronoi diagrams (VD) from Delaunay triangulations and use an energy minimization problem to control the packing of the lobule structures. To reduce the dimension of the parameterized problem, we exploit the mesh symmetry of the full lobule domain to split the full domain into six rotationally symmetric subdomains. We then use the same set of reduced order basis (ROB) functions within each subdomain for the construction of the reduced order model. We close our study by a thorough investigation of the accuracy and computational efficiency of the resulting reduced order model.
A review of the mechanism and optimization of metal-assisted chemical etching and applications in semiconductors
Authors: Jung Kibum , Lee Jungchul 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetal-Assisted Chemical Etching (MACE) is a technique for precisely forming nanostructures on semiconductor substrates, and it is actively researched in various fields such as electronic devices, optoelectronic devices, energy storage, and conversion systems. This process offers economic efficiency and effectiveness because it can be performed in a simple chemical laboratory environment without the need for expensive equipment. Particularly, MACE is recognized as an excellent technology for forming various nanostructures due to its advantage of precisely controlling the shape, size, and orientation of nanostructures compared to traditional etching techniques. MACE operates by inducing electrochemical reactions using a metal catalyst, selectively etching the semiconductor surface in a mixed solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and hydrogen peroxide ($$\hbox {H}_2\hbox {O}_2$$

H
2

O
2

). The metal catalyst reacts with the oxidant to generate holes, which are injected into the semiconductor substrate to promote oxidation reactions. The oxidized material is then dissolved by HF, progressing the etching process. Precise nanostructures are formed only in the areas with the metal catalyst, and the etching results vary depending on the type, thickness, and deposition method of the catalyst. In this study, we comprehensively review the mechanism of the MACE process, the patterns of nanostructure formation according to the characteristics of catalysts and substrates, and the influence of process variables. We also analyze application cases of MACE in various semiconductor substrates such as silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), indium phosphide (InP), and gallium arsenide (GaAs), and examine the latest research trends and applications utilizing MACE. Nanostructures formed through MACE have the potential to maximize the performance of next-generation semiconductor and optoelectronic devices, and research in this area is expected to greatly contribute to the future development of the semiconductor industry.
Development of a homotrimeric PSMA radioligand based on the NOTI chelating platform
Authors: Martin Sebastian , Schreck Moritz-Valentin , Stemler Tobias , Maus Stephan , Rosar Florian , Burgard Caroline , Schaefer-Schuler Andrea , Ezziddin Samer , Bartholomä Mark D. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The NOTI chelating scaffold can readily be derivatized for bioconjugation without impacting its metal complexation/radiolabeling properties making it an attractive building block for the development of multimeric/-valent radiopharmaceuticals. The objective of the study was to further explore the potential of the NOTI chelating platform by preparing and characterizing homotrimeric PSMA radioconjugates in order to identify a suitable candidate for clinical translation.

Results
Altogether, three PSMA conjugates based on the NOTI-TVA scaffold with different spacer entities between the chelating unit and the Glu-CO-Lys PSMA binding motif were readily prepared by solid phase-peptide chemistry. Cell experiments allowed the identification of the homotrimeric conjugate 9 comprising NaI-Amc spacer with high PSMA binding affinity (IC50 = 5.9 nM) and high PSMA-specific internalization (17.8 ± 2.5%) compared to the clinically used radiotracer [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 with a IC50 of 18.5 nM and 5.2 ± 0.2% cell internalization, respectively. All 68Ga-labeled trimeric conjugates showed high metabolic stability in vitro with [68Ga]Ga-9 exhibiting high binding to human serum proteins (> 95%). Small-animal PET imaging revealed a specific tumor uptake of 16.0 ± 1.3% IA g−1 and a kidney uptake of 67.8 ± 8.4% IA g−1 for [68Ga]Ga-9. Clinical PET imaging allowed identification of all lesions detected by [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 together with a prolonged blood circulation as well as a significantly lower kidney and higher liver uptake of [68Ga]Ga-9 compared to [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11.

Conclusions
Trimerization of the Glu-CO-Lys binding motif for conjugate 9 resulted in a ~ threefold higher binding affinity and cellular uptake as well as in an altered biodistribution profile compared to the control [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 due to its intrinsic high binding to serum proteins. To fully elucidate its biodistribution, future studies in combination with long-lived radionuclides, such as 64Cu, are warranted. Its prolonged biological half-life and favorable tumor-to-kidney ratio make this homotrimeric conjugate also a potential candidate for future radiotherapeutic applications in combination with therapeutic radionuclides such as 67Cu.
Psychological interventions for improvement of symptoms of post-stroke depression – study protocol of the depression-intervention study for optimization of reconvalesence after stroke (DISCOVER)
Authors: Braadt Lino , Fischer Simone , Naumann Markus , Zickler Philipp , Schneider-Axmann Thomas , Mühlich Laura , Körber Katharina , Lassner Alexander , Strube Wolfgang , Röh Astrid , Hasan Alkomiet , Ertl Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Besides functional outcomes, mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are significant measures in chronic diseases, such as stroke. Post-stroke depression (PSD) is an important complication affecting up to one in three stroke survivors. So far, specific programs to screen, detect and treat these patients are lacking but might be a crucial component in stroke aftercare.

Methods
Between March 2024 and Febuary 2025 all consecutive adult patients with stroke, admitted to the University Hospital of Augsburg, are screened for signs of depression (PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) score of ≥ 10). Eight weeks later, those patients with persisting signs of depression will be randomized to receive either a behavioural activation intervention or a mindfulness-based intervention via telephone. Depressive symptoms will be assessed at baseline (V1), after 84, 180 (V2-V3) and after 365 days (V4) using the PHQ-9 score. Secondary outcomes include the functional outcome, quality of life (EuroQol-5 Dimensions; EQ-5D), overall functioning, and incidence of major cardiovascular events including recurrent transient ischemic attack, stroke, and mortality.

Perspective
Our aim is to provide proof-of-concept evidence for the efficacy of telepsychological need-adapted interventions for patients with post-stroke depression. Regular screening for PSD with implementation of a feasible treatment option could reduce the long-term prevalence of PSD and improve quality of life.

Trial registration
This trial was registered at German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) on 07.03.2024, ID: DRKS00033792. German Clinical Trials Register (drks.de).
A systematic review of the correlation between exposure to environmental pollution and autism in children under 9 years in Middle Eastern countries
Authors: Obaidi Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) worldwide. However, the precise causes of this disorder remain unclear. This review seeks to explore the potential link between environmental pollution and the development of autism spectrum disorder in children aged 9 and under in the Middle East.

Method
The research was conducted by searching across three electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using a combination of related terms. The inclusion criteria were all quantitative studies published in peer-reviewed journals in the English language between 2000 and 2023. Each study’s quality was evaluated using a modified version of the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies. Narrative synthesis was used for data analysis.

Results
Out of 78 records retrieved, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results indicate that exposure to environmental pollutants during childhood growth and development may have significant associations with ASD. However, there is a dearth of quality evidence on this subject, with few studies conducted in the Middle East, and those that exist often lack rigor.

Conclusion
Research highlights the significance of preventing environmental degradation and reducing pollutant emissions in the Middle East to mitigate the effects on child mental health. Further research on the relationship between environmental toxins and ASD is deemed essential for public health and societal welfare.
Chamomile flowers extract protects against thinner inhalation-induced lung toxicity via attenuating cytochrome P2E1 activity, surfactant deficiency, and alveolar structural injury in rats
Authors: Elgharieb Azza M. , El-Wakf Azza M. , Abdrabouh Abeer E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Lungs are adversely affected by repeated exposure to thinner fumes. This study aimed to examine the pulmonary toxic effects of chronic thinner inhalation and the possible protection by chamomile administration. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to thinner fumes for 8 weeks (4 h/day, 6 days/week), while chamomile flower extract (400 mg/kg body weight) was given orally during thinner exposure for the same period.

Results
The study showed lung damage following chronic thinner exposure through increased cytochrome P2E1 (CYP2E1), superoxide anion (O2•−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA), with decreased antioxidant enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Moreover, an elevation of lung enzymes; alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with depletion in total protein and albumin contents in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were observed. Thinner exposure also exhibited increased lung deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), hydroxyproline (HYP), and collagen type 1 (COL-1), with decreased serum surfactant protein-A (SP-A), total and differential leukocytes (WBCs) count, except for neutrophils. Histological investigations revealed deteriorative changes along with accumulated collagen fibers affecting the lung and other respiratory organs.

Conclusion
Supplementation of chamomile extract succeeded in preventing thinner-induced lung oxidative stress, enzyme leakage, surfactant deficiency, DNA damage, fibrosis, and histological injury. Therefore, consumption of chamomile extract could be recommended for alleviating thinner-induced health hazards and lung toxicity.
Community-based models of mobility training after stroke: a scoping review
Authors: Ayelabowo Toluwalase Ayokunle , Ajayi Temitope Christianah , Macdonald Stephen Hsiao-Feng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Irrespective of the severity, survival of a stroke has become commonplace, but many experience long-term physical, cognitive, and emotional difficulties, with walking difficulties being a frequent challenge. The community-based model of gait training is an innovative and holistic approach to neurorehabilitation that focuses on restoring mobility and enhancing the overall quality of life of stroke survivors.

Aims
To assess the impact of community-based stroke rehabilitation programs from existing literatures.

Objectives
To identify community-based stroke rehabilitation programs that are effective in improving function in stroke survivors.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed articles to understand the impact of the community-based rehabilitation model of mobility training after stroke. We searched five different databases: PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL complete, Embase, and SCOPUS using topic-specific keywords. Only studies published in the English language from 2013 to 2023 were included.

Results
Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. Mobility training using either a treadmill or overground surfaces improved mobility. Orthotics use improved gait and balance among stroke survivors. Adapted video games for rehabilitation improved gait speed, balance, and mobility while the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) aided functional recovery. The use of music or sound incorporated with exercises improved mobility, gait speed, and balance. Engaging in group exercises improved walking capacity, balance, walking speed, cardiovascular function, and community integration.

Conclusion
Some community-based rehabilitation programs are effective in improving the physical and social recovery of stroke survivors. This concept can be considered when planning a recovery program for stroke survivors who do not have the ability to access a hospital rehabilitation setting.
Qualitative Study of Health Care Team Perception of the Benefits and Limitations of Remote Symptom Monitoring
Authors: Hendrix Emma K. , Henderson Nicole L. , Padalkar Tanvi V. , Kaufmann Tara , Ingram Stacey A. , Dent D'Ambra N. , Huang Chao-Hui Sylvia , Odom J. Nicholas , Weiner Bryan J. , Howell Doris , Stover Angela M. , Basch Ethan M. , McGowan Chelsea , Pierce Jennifer Young , Rocque Gabrielle B. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE
Remote symptom monitoring (RSM) using electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROS) connects patients and health care teams between appointments. Patient-perceived benefits and drawbacks of RSM are well-known, but health care team members' perceptions are less clear.

METHODS
Health care team members from the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the University of South Alabama Health Mitchell Cancer Institute participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews to explore their experiences and perspectives on RSM benefits and limitations. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed inductively using NVivo software to identify recurring themes and exemplary quotes.

RESULTS

Thirty oncology health care team members, including physicians (n = 9), nurse practitioners (n = 2), nurses (n = 8), nonclinical navigators (n = 7), and administrators (n = 4), were interviewed. Findings were organized into five major themes: three benefits (
Proactive, Improved Patient-Health Care Team Relationship
, and
Patient Engagement and Symptom Reporting
) and two limitations (
Health Care Team-Perceived
Limited Patient Buy-In or Awareness
and
Workload and Workflow Issues
). Health care team members perceived that RSM improved their ability to support patients and the quality of care delivered to patients by promoting proactive management, strengthening the patient-health care team relationship, and engaging patients in symptom reporting. Despite positive perceptions, health care team members also voiced drawbacks of RSM related to the lack of patient buy-in or awareness and increased workload and disrupted workflow.

CONCLUSION
Although health care team members recognized the benefits of RSM as a standard of care, future work is necessary to address identified limitations to support wide-scale implementation of RSM in oncology practices.
Influence of The Anabolic Steroid Usage on The Physical Health: A Review
Authors: Chodkowski Jakub , Grabowski Filip , Rulewska Natalia , Feruś Aleksandra 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Anabolic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone commonly used to enhance athletic performance and physical appearance. Despite their popularity, their non-medical use is associated with significant health risks. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the impact of anabolic steroid use on physical health, emphasizing cardiovascular, hepatic, endocrine, and musculoskeletal systems, as well as broader systemic effects.
Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed articles from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar published between 2000 and 2023. Studies were selected based on relevance, with particular focus on human clinical trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses. Keywords included "anabolic steroids," "health effects," "cardiovascular risk," and "endocrine disruption."
Results: Anabolic steroid use is linked to increased cardiovascular risks, liver dysfunction, endocrine disturbances, and musculoskeletal injuries. Key effects include hypertension, hepatotoxicity, testosterone suppression, infertility, and tendon injuries. Psychological impacts such as aggression and mood changes were also observed.
Conclusions: Anabolic steroid use poses significant risks to multiple organ systems and overall health. Despite widespread awareness of these dangers, misuse persists, often driven by societal pressures and misinformation. Healthcare providers should prioritize prevention through education, early intervention, and support for individuals at risk. Future research should focus on long-term effects and effective strategies for harm reduction.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as a Therapeutic Option for Antipsychotic-Induced Obesity: A Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Gniaź Natalia , Górska Aleksandra , Grela Wiktor , Niewiadomska Jagoda , Furtak Daria , Tulej Dawid , Głogowska Paulina , Dziedzic Alicja , Marciniuk Dominika , Marko Natalia 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionObesity affects over 650 million adults worldwide and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Among those affected are patients treated with antipsychotics, such as clozapine and olanzapine, which often lead to significant weight gain, increasing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Recent advances with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), including semaglutide and liraglutide, show promise in addressing antipsychotic-induced obesity by reducing weight and improving metabolic health.
PurposeThe aim of this review is to present an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the efficacy of GLP-1 RAs in the treatment of antipsychotic-induced obesity.
Materials and methodsThis review is based on both original research studies and review articles identified through a comprehensive search of the PubMed database, using the following search terms: obesity, antipsychotic-induced weight gain, clozapine, olanzapine, adverse effect, GLP-1 receptors agonist.
Description of the state of knowledgeGLP-1 RAs significantly reduce body weight and adipose tissue by suppressing appetite, particularly for high-fat foods. Clinical trials show improvements in lipid profiles, blood pressure, and inflammation, contributing to better metabolic health. However, their long-term effects, especially with different antipsychotics, remain insufficiently studied.
ConclusionsGLP-1 RAs show significant potential for managing antipsychotic-induced obesity, but further research is needed to assess long-term efficacy and safety in this population.
Controlled absorption/reflection bi-directional tuning GaAs terahertz wave device
Authors: Fu Yuanyuan , Wang Zhenhua , Wang Xufeng , Li Lanbin , He Xunjun , Huo Suifeng , Shao Xuejian , Gao Mohan , Ma Jinchao , Zhang Xin 
Published: December 2024

Terahertz metamaterials exhibit significant potential for applications in electromagnetic ultrafast response, wavefront modulation, and electromagnetic wave transmission. However, the transmission properties of these metamaterials remain fixed once the structure and materials of the device are established, which severely limits their modulation capability and operational range. In this study, a terahertz wave device that enables absorption/reflection bi-directional modulation was designed based on the property that the conductivity of GaAs can be modulated by pumping light. The results indicate that when the GaAs conductivity is 100 S/m, the absorption of the terahertz device within the 1.278–3.087 THz band exceeds 90%, with an absorption bandwidth of 1.809 THz, and RCS reduction can be achieved. As the pump optical power increases, the reflection of the terahertz device approaches 100% across the 0–3.5 THz band when the GaAs conductivity reaches 1×106S/m. Furthermore, simulation results demonstrate that the device is insensitive to variations in polarization and incidence angles. The device is anticipated to have further applications in optical switching and electromagnetic stealth.
Afraid of the dentist? There’s an app for that: Development and usability testing of a cognitive behavior therapy-based mobile app
Authors: Daly Kelly A. , Diaz-Gutierrez Kiara A. , Beheshtian Armon , Heyman Richard E. , Smith Slep Amy M. , Wolff Mark S. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
Although several brief cognitive behavior therapy (CBT)-based treatments for dental fear have proven efficacious, these interventions remain largely unavailable outside of the specialty clinics in which they were developed. Leveraging technology, we sought to increase access to treatment for individuals with dental fear through the development of a mobile application (Dental FearLess).

Materials and methods
To assess the resonance of our app as an avenue for dental fear treatment, we conducted a study assessing the usability, feasibility, and acceptability of the beta app. Participants with moderate to severe dental fear (N = 80) completed the app and reported on the perceived usability of the mobile interface (Systems Usability Scale, SUS; α = .82) and credibility of the intervention (Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire, CEQ; α = .88). A sub-sample of participants naïve to the app (n = 10) completed the app during a think-aloud procedure, sharing their candid thoughts and reactions while using the app, prior to reporting on usability and credibility metrics.

Results
Overall usability (M = 78.5, SD = 17.7) and credibility (M = 21.7, SD = 5.5) of the beta version of the app were good. The think-aloud data further corroborated the app’s acceptability, while highlighting several areas for user improvement (i.e., aesthetics, navigation, engagement).

Conclusions
Usability and acceptability results are promising for the viability of an accessible, feasible, self-administered intervention for dental fear. Refinements made based on user feedback have produced a clinical-trial-ready mobile application. App refinement decisions, informed by user feedback, are representative of the larger literature—that is, of the ubiquitous negotiations m-health developers must make across treatment fidelity, usability, and engagement. Implications for future research are discussed.