bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tamoxifen for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Chen Po-Chih , Hsieh Yi-Chen , Huang Chi-Chen , Hu Chaur-Jong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common cause of motor neuron disease, and effective treatment for ALS is still lacking. Transactive response (TAR) -DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43) is aggregated in the neurons of ALS patients. Animal studies shown TDP-43 aggregation can be attenuated by enhancing autophagy by tamoxifen. However, its beneficial effects for ALS patients remain unknown.

Methods:
Eighteen patients with ALS without mutations in superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) or fused in sarcoma (FUS) genes were randomly assigned into the tamoxifen 40 mg/day or placebo group in a double-blinded manner and all were given riluzole twice daily. Participants were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The primary end point was time to death or dependence on mechanical ventilation. Secondary end points were decline of the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R) score and pulmonary function measured by forced vital capacity (FVC).

Results:
Ten participants were randomly assigned in the treatment group with tamoxifen, 7 finished trial, 1 reach primary endpoint; while 8 participants in the placebo group, 2 finished trial and 2 reach primary end point. The proportion of participants reaching the primary end point was lower in the tamoxifen group but did not reach statistical significance. At the 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up, the average decline rates of the ALSFRS-R score were slower in the tamoxifen group. No significant difference was observed in FVC and ALSFRS-R score at 12 months between groups.

Conclusion:
Tamoxifen exerted only a modest effect on attenuate progression for 6 months in this small trial. Additional larger scale studies should be necessary to confirm whether enhancing autophagy can attenuate ALS progression.
Comparison of 18F-FDG-PET and 18F-FDG-PET/CT for the diagnostic performance in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology
Authors: Qichang Wan , Jinming Shen , Lu Li , Bin Ji , Renjie Wang , Xiuying Zheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Backgrounds:
We performed a meta-analysis to compare 18F-FDG-PET and 18F-FDG-PET/CT for the diagnostic performance in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology by Bethesda classification.

Methods:
PubMed and Embase databases were searched for eligible studies from the earliest available date of indexing through September 2019. Only studies with clearly stated histopathology confirmation were included. Publication bias was assessed by Deeks funnel plot. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic odds ratio was determined by random-effect analysis, respectively. All diagnostic estimate indexes were determined separately for PET alone and PET/CT and were compared pair-wisely using Z-test.

Results:
We included 214 patients from five PET alone studies and 420 patients from 8 PET/CT studies in this meta-analysis. The range of the prevalence of malignancy was 11% to 27% for PET alone studies (Median, 20%) and 4% to 50% for PET/CT studies (Median, 24%). The sensitivity (0.95 vs 0.73, P
< .01), negative likelihood ratio (0.20 vs 0.53, P = .04) and negative predictive value (0.99 vs 0.91, P
< .01) of PET alone are significantly better than those of PET/CT. For PET/CT, Fagan nomogram indicated that when the pre-test probability was set at 24%, the negative post-test probability could decrease to 12%.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis reveals that in evaluating thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology by Bethesda classification, the rule-out performance of 18F-FDG-PET is significantly better than 18F-FDG-PET/CT, although the latter represents a more objective and accurate technique. We hypothesize that the lack of precise localization of suspicious FDG uptake in the neck region may have contributed to this overvaluation for PET alone studies, and advocate that future studies be performed with PET/CT rather than PET alone to avoid misinterpretation and overvaluation in this scenario.
Acupuncture PC6 for postoperative nausea and vomiting at different times
Authors: Shi Kejin , He Fengyi , Tang Ying , Xiao Xiao , Zhang Jiayuan , Jin Yuxia , Wang Yunxia , Zhang Qi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a condition that commonly following anesthesia and surgery, antiemetics can lead to some side effects in treating PONV. Acupuncture PC6(Neiguan) has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. However, there still exists controversy towards its effectiveness, appropriate, and effective intervention time. We, therefore, design this meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and confirm the optimal time of acupuncture PC6 point for PONV.

Methods:
The following electronic databases will be searched from their inception to April 2020, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science, and Technology Periodical Database. All randomized controlled trials in English or Chinese involving acupuncture PC6 for patients with PONV will be included. Two reviewers will independently responsible for the data extraction, study selection, risk of bias assessment and assessment of study quality. The primary outcome was the number of postoperative nausea, postoperative vomiting and PONV during 0 to 6 hours and after 6 hours of the postoperatively. The secondary outcome is the number of people with side effects and the use of rescue therapy. The meta-analysis will be conducted using RevMan V.5.3.5 statistical software.

Results:
This systematic review will evaluate the efficacy and appropriateness time of acupuncture PC6 in the treatment of PONV.

Conclusion:
This study will provide high-quality current evidence of the effectiveness and optimal time of acupuncture PC6 point for the patient with PONV.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not required; this review will not involve individuals’ information. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed publication or disseminated in relevant conferences.

INPLASY Registration number:
DOI 10.37766/inplasy2020.4.0012
Comparison between acupuncture and cognitive behavioral therapy for primary insomnia
Authors: Peng Wei , Zhao Ying , Wang Yang , Wang Jun , Hao Qinghong , Tu Yang , Zhu Tianmin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Primary insomnia (PI) is a common disease affecting human health. As the side effects of drug therapy were revealed, people began to seek more safe and effective non-drug therapies. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and acupuncture are 2 commonly used non-drug therapies. However, there are few comparative studies on the efficacy of these 2 therapies. Therefore, this study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of the 2 therapies through network meta-analysis.

Methods:
We will search the following electronic bibliographic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chongqing VIP database, and Wanfang database. Randomized controlled trials in which the intervention was acupuncture or CBT, and in which the control group was any of the above, western medicine or blank control, would be included. The primary outcome will be the changes of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the additional outcomes will include the changes in Insomnia Severity Index, quality of life, clinical effective rate and adverse events. Two independent authors will screen the literature in the above database, extract data and cross-check. Heterogeneity and inconsistencies are detected before using a network meta-analysis method based on frequency analysis. The risk of bias will be assessed in accordance with the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and the strength of the recommendations will be assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Ethics and dissemination:
This network meta-analysis will provide a reference for clinicians and PI patients to choose a more appropriate non-drug regimen among multiple kinds of acupuncture or CBT-I therapies. This review does not require ethical approval and will be reported in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020155327
Effects of ozone for treating chronically refractory wounds and ulcers
Authors: Wen Qing , Liu Dongying , Wang Xian , Zhang Yanli , Fang Song , Qiu Xianliang , Chen Qiu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
The prevalence of chronically refractory wounds and ulcers is growing rapidly. However, the treatment options are not completely effective. Ozone has been demonstrated as being useful in promoting wound healing as well as adverse events in individual studies. Consequently, it is necessary to conduct a meta-analysis of high-quality trials to find out whether ozone therapy is effective and safe in these chronic wounds.

Methods:
We will search the Cochrane Library, PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, CBM, and the Chinese Clinical Registry website without restriction on language, date, or study setting. Randomized controlled trials of ozone therapy for chronical wounds or ulcers will be retrieved in diverse databases from inception to May 2020. The primary outcome of the meta-analysis is the proportion of participants with completely healed wounds; time to achieve complete ulcer healing; change in wound size. The secondary outcomes include the incidence of adverse events, amputation, quality of life, length of hospital stay, and cost. Two reviewers will adopt the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool to assess the randomized controlled trials and all relevant data will be analyzed by utilizing the Review Manager software V5.3.0.

Results:
This study will offer a high-quality synthesis of the effectiveness and safety of ozone for treating chronically refractory wounds and ulcers.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will find out the available evidence to assess whether ozone therapy is beneficial to wound healing and side effects, producing evidence reference for clinical practice on the treatment of wound care.
Danggui Sini decoction for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Zhang Xiyu , Wang Heting , Zhang Yuan , Liu Ya , Wang Zhenxing , Du Quanyu , Xie Chunguang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetic patients, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. At present, mainstream drugs have problems such as poor efficacy and side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has extensive clinical experience in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and chronic complications, and it also shows clear advantages in the treatment of DPN. Clinical studies have confirmed that Danggui Sini decoction (DSD), a TCM decoction, can improve the clinical symptoms and signs of DPN patients. Therefore, we will conduct a systematic review to clarify the effectiveness and safety of DSD for DPN.

Methods:
We will search every database from the built-in to October 2020. Chinese literature comes from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM databases. English literature mainly searches Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE. At the same time, we will also search for clinical registration tests and gray literatures. This study only screened clinical randomized controlled trials (RCT) for DSD for DPN. The two researchers independently conducted literature selection, data extraction and quality assessment. Dichotomous data is represented by relative risk (RR), continuous data is represented by mean difference (MD) or standard mean deviation (SMD), and the final data is fixed effect model (FEM) or random effect model (REM), depending on whether it exists Heterogeneity. The main result is clinical efficacy and nerve conduction velocity. Fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, blood lipid, hemorheology, and adverse events are secondary results. Finally, a meta-analysis was conducted through Review Manager software version 5.3.

Results:
This study will conduct a comprehensive analysis based on the currently released DSD data for the treatment of DPN and provide high-quality evidence of clinical efficacy and safety.

Conclusion:
This systematic review aims to provide new options for DSD treatment of DPN in terms of its efficacy and safety.

Ethics and dissemination:
The review is based solely on a secondary study of published literatures and does not require ethics committee approval. Its conclusion will be disseminated in conference papers, magazines, or peer-reviewed journals.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202040157.
Therapeutic efficacy of Qingfei Paidu decoction combined with antiviral drugs in the treatment of corona virus disease 2019
Authors: Gao Kai , Song Yan-Ping , Chen Hao , Zhao Lin-Tao , Ma Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:
The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a global pandemic, there are no specific drugs and vaccines for epidemic control at present. More and more clinical practice shows that traditional Chinese medicine has played an important role in the outbreak. Among them, Qingfei Paidu decoction (QPD) combined with antiviral drugs can enhance the therapeutic efficacy for COVID-19. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic evidence, which urgently requires us to verify its therapeutic efficacy. Hence, we provide a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
We will search the studies in MEDLINE/PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, VIP database, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Database and Chinese Science Citation Database. Searches are limited to clinical studies published in Chinese and English. Next, the quality of each study is assessed according to the criteria of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Then, the outcome data are recorded and pooled by Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 16.0 software.

Results:
The systematic review and meta-analysis aims to review and pool current clinical outcomes of QPD combined with antiviral drugs for the treatment of COVID-19.

Conclusion:
This study will provide a high-quality evidence of QPD for the treatment on COVID-19 patients.

PROSPERO Registration Number:
CRD42020182409.
Biomarker combination and SOFA score for the prediction of mortality in sepsis and septic shock
Authors: Song Juhyun , Moon Sungwoo , Park Dae Won , Cho Han-Jin , Kim Joo Yeong , Park Jonghak , Cha Jae Hyung 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Biomarkers are valuable tools for the prediction of mortality in patients with sepsis. However, the use of a single biomarker to predict patient outcomes is challenging owing to the complexity and redundancy of the immune response to infections.
We aimed to conduct a prospective observational analysis to investigate the prognostic value of pentraxin 3, interleukin 6, procalcitonin, and lactate combined in predicting the 28-day mortality rate in patients with sepsis or septic shock (n = 160; sepsis, 78; sepsis shock, 82). Two methods (the frequency sum of values above the cutoff, and the multivariate logistic regression model) were used to assess the prognostic value of the biomarker combination.
In the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, the combination of the 4 biomarkers was better than the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in predicting the 28-day mortality rate, regardless of whether the frequency sum of values above the cutoff or the multivariate logistic model was used for the analysis. The addition of the SOFA score to the biomarker combination did not result in a better performance for the prediction of mortality.
The combined biomarker approach showed good performance in predicting 28-day all-cause mortality among patients diagnosed with either sepsis or septic shock according to the Sepsis-3 definitions. Furthermore, it was superior to the SOFA score in predicting mortality.
Single Y-shaped tracheal self-expandable metallic stent for emergent carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi
Authors: Li Yahua , Zhu Ming , Chen Jianjian , Ren Kewei , Wan Li , Lu Huibin , Ren Jianzhuang , Han Xinwei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To explore the outcome of placing a single Y-shaped tracheal self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) to treat emergent carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi.
The clinical and imaging data of 10 patients (8 males, 2 females) with carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 patients with esophageal cancer and 6 patients with lung cancer. All patients underwent treatment with a single Y-shaped tracheal SEMS. The long branch was inserted into the right main and intermediate bronchi, while the short branch was inserted into the left main bronchus. A modified Borg scale score was used as the criterion for assessing dyspnea in patients before and after stenting.
A total of 10 Y-shaped tracheal SEMSs were successfully placed in 10 patients without any procedure-related complications. Compared with the score before stent placement, the mean Borg score for dyspnea after stent placement decreased from 7.6 to 0.8 (P = .04). Chest computed tomography showed that the stenosis disappeared 3 to 5 days poststenting. During the follow-up period, the most common complications were tumor ingrowth (n = 5) and granulation tissue hyperplasia (n = 7). The mean survival time after tracheal stent placement was 103 ± 50 (23–172) days.
The application of a single Y-shaped tracheal SEMS for emergent carinal stenosis combined with stenosis of the right main and intermediate bronchi can effectively relieve dyspnea through a simple operation.
Systematic Review of Video Education in Underrepresented Minority Cancer Survivors
Authors: Hirschey Rachel , Bryant Ashley Leak , Walker Jennifer S. , Nolan Timiya S. 
Published: May 2020

Background
Underrepresented minority (URM) cancer survivors experience disparities in mortality and quality of life, compared with non-Hispanic whites. Disparities are associated with poor social determinants of health, enhanced by mistrust of the healthcare system. Trust can be facilitated by provider-patient racial/ethnic concordance, yet URM survivors rarely experience concordance. Effective health communication is needed for this vulnerable population.

Objective
The aim of this study was to systematically review evidence on the composition and utility of health education videos among adult URM survivors.

Methods
Literature searches were conducted in Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases. Articles that included adult URM cancer survivor samples and either described or tested a video intervention aimed to improve health outcomes were included. Two researchers independently screened articles for inclusion and quality appraisal and abstracted and synthesized relevant data to identify themes.

Results
Eight articles, detailing 7 independent studies, met inclusion criteria. Quality appraisal of the included studies was fair to good. Six themes were identified: (1) video development with stakeholders, (2) focus on designing culturally appropriate videos, (3) in-clinic video delivery, (4) video intervention effects, (5) provider and URM survivors support video interventions, and (6) building trust through personal stories.

Conclusions
Video interventions are well received by URMs and improve outcomes yet are underutilized. More rigorous studies are warranted to develop best practices for video development and application.

Implications for Practice
Videos serve as an easy, effective tool to achieve favorable outcomes in the care of URM survivors.
Transitional Care Models for High-Need, High-Cost Adults in the United States
Authors: Hewner Sharon , Chen Chiahui , Anderson Linda , Pasek Lana , Anderson Amanda , Popejoy Lori 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of Study:
This scoping review explored research literature on the integration and coordination of services for high-need, high-cost (HNHC) patients in an attempt to answer the following questions: What models of transitional care are utilized to manage HNHC patients in the United States? and How effective are they in reducing low-value utilization and in improving continuity?

Primary Practice Settings:
U.S. urban, suburban, and rural health care sites within primary care, veterans' services, behavioral health, and palliative care.

Methodology and Sample:
Utilizing the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews, a stepwise method was applied to search multiple databases for peer-reviewed published research on transitional care models serving HNHC adult patients in the United States from 2008 to 2018. All eligible studies were included regardless of quality rating. Exclusions were foreign models, studies published prior to 2008, review articles, care reports, and studies with participants younger than 18 years. The search returned 1,088 studies, of which 19 were included.

Results:
Four studies were randomized controlled trials and other designs included case reports and observational, quasi-experimental, cohort, and descriptive studies. Studies focused on Medicaid, Medicare, dual-eligible patients, veterans, and the uninsured or underinsured. High-need, high-cost patients were identified on the basis of prior utilization patterns of inpatient and emergency department visits, high cost, multiple chronic medical diagnoses, or a combination of these factors. Tools used to identify these patients included the hierarchical condition category predictive model, the Elder Risk Assessment, and the 4-year prognostic index score. The majority of studies combined characteristics of multiple case management models with varying levels of impact.

Implications for Case Management Practice: