bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new radiological classification for the risk assessment of anterior skull base injury in endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Abdullah Baharudin , Chew Shiun Chuen , Aziz Mohd Ezane , Shukri Norasnieda Md , Husain Salina , Joshua Sng Weirong , Wang De Yun , Snidvongs Kornkiat 
Published: March 2020

AbstractKeros and Gera classifications are widely used to assess the risk of skull base injury during endoscopic sinus surgery. Although, both classifications are useful preoperatively to stratify risk of patients going for surgery, it is not practical to measure the respective lengths during surgery. In this study, we aimed to propose a new radiological classification (Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore (TMS)) to assess the anatomical risk of anterior skull base injury using the orbital floor (OF) as a reference. A total of 150 computed tomography images of paranasal sinuses (300 sides) were reviewed. The TMS classification was categorized into 3 types by measuring OF to cribriform plate and OF to ethmoid roof. Most patients were classified as TMS type 1, Keros type 2 and Gera class II, followed by patients classified as TMS type 3, Keros type 1 and Gera class 1. TMS has significant correlation with Keros classification (p < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between Keros and Gera classifications (p = 0.33) and between TMS and Gera classifications (p = 0.80). The TMS classification has potential to be used for risk assessment of skull base injury among patients undergoing ESS. It serves as an additional assessment besides the Keros and Gera classifications.
High frequency regeneration of plants via callus-mediated organogenesis from cotyledon and hypocotyl cultures in a multipurpose tropical tree (Neolamarkia Cadamba)
Authors: Huang Hao , Wei Ying , Zhai Yongjin , Ouyang Kunxi , Chen Xiaoyang , Bai Longhua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this works, a simple, efficient and repeatable protocol was developed for in vitro regeneration via callus-mediated organogenesis of Neolamarkia Cadamba using cotyledonary petioles and hypocotyls. Effects of basal medium, plant growth regulators, the types and age of explant on the formation of adventitious buds/shoots were studied. Meanwhile, histological analysis for early ontogenic stages and genetic stability assessment by flow cytometry were investigated. Our investigation demonstrated that, compared with 6-benzyladenine (BA), N6-(2-isopentenyl) adenine (2-ip), Thidiazuron (TDZ) was the optimal cytokinin for buds/shoots induction on cotyledon and hypocotyl explants. Douglas-fir and sugar pine medium (DCR) supplemented with 22.7 μM TDZ and 0.27 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was most effective on bud induction, with the highest bud-induction rate and numbers of buds on cotyledon and hypocotyl explants. The available shoot per explant hit 35.2 when the induced callus sub-cultured to a medium without TDZ. It was found that TDZ could promote induction of the callus and the buds, however, continuous exposure beyond 4 weeks of supplemented high concentration (exceed 11.35 μM), TDZ was harmful to the proliferation and growth of buds/shoots. DCR appeared more efficiency than Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), Woody Plant medium (WPM), anther culture of cereal crops medium (N6) on bud induction. Age of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants in 20-day to 25-day was most beneficial to adventitious buds/shoots formation. Histological investigation confirmed that the buds originated from the wounded incisions of cotyledonary petiole and hypocotyl fragments, with callus formation. The regeneration plantlets were successfully acclimatized in greenhouse, yielded above 95% survival rate in field, exhibited normal morphology and growth characteristics. The analysis of flow cytometry on N. cadamba indicated no variation in the ploidy levels between the regenerated plantlets and the donor trees. The developed procedure can be used for mass production, germplasm exchange and transgenic studies to improve the resistance of the species via Agrobacterium-mediated.
Polymer Capsules with Tunable Shell Thickness Synthesized via Janus-to-core shell Transition of Biphasic Droplets Produced in a Microfluidic Flow-Focusing Device
Authors: Xu Siyuan , Nisisako Takasi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDroplet microfluidics has enabled the synthesis of polymeric particles with controlled sizes, shell thickness, and morphologies. Here, we report the Janus to core-shell structural evolution of biphasic droplets formed in a microfluidic flow-focusing device (MFFD) for the synthesis of polymer microcapsules with oil core/thickness-tunable shell via off-chip photo- and thermally induced polymerization. First, nanoliter-sized biphasic Janus droplets comprising an acrylate monomer and silicone oil were generated in a co-flowing aqueous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution in an MFFD on a glass chip. Immediately following their break-off, the produced Janus droplets started to change their geometry from Janus to core-shell structure comprising a single silicone-oil core and an acrylate-monomer shell by the minimization of interfacial energy. Thus, we could produce monodisperse core-shell drops with average diameters of 105–325 μm, coefficient of variation (CV) values of 1.0–4.5%, and shell thickness of 1–67 μm. Subsequently, these drops were synthesized to fabricate polymeric microcapsules with tunable shell thickness via photo- and thermally induced polymerization. By increasing the concentration of the photo- and thermal initiator, we successfully produced thinner and ultra-thin shell (800 nm thickness) microcapsules. The surface structure of resulting particles was smooth in photopolymerization and porous in thermal polymerization.
Formation of complex hydrocarbon systems from methane at the upper mantle thermobaric conditions
Authors: Serovaiskii Aleksandr , Kutcherov Vladimir 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe existence of methane in the Earth’s mantle does not cause any doubt, however, its possible chemical transformation under the mantle thermobaric conditions is not enough known. Investigation of methane at the upper mantle thermobaric conditions, using diamond anvil cells, demonstrated the possible formation of ethane, propane and n-butane from methane, however, theoretical calculations of methane behaviour at extreme temperature and pressure predicted also heavier hydrocarbons. We experimentally investigated the chemical transformations of methane at the upper mantle thermobaric conditions, corresponding to the depth of 70–80 km (850–1000 K, 2.5 GPa), using “Toroid”-type Large reactive volume device and gas chromatography. The experimental results demonstrated the formation of the complex hydrocarbon mixture up to C7 with linear, branched and cycled structures and benzene. Unsaturated hydrocarbons were detected on the trace level in the products mixture. The increasing of exposure time leaded to growth of heavier components in the product systems. The data obtained suggest possible existence of complex hydrocarbon mixtures at the upper mantle thermobaric conditions and provide a new insight on the possible pathways of the hydrocarbons synthesis from methane in the upper mantle.
Natural products and phytochemical nanoformulations targeting mitochondria in oncotherapy: an updated review on resveratrol
Authors: Ashrafizadeh Milad , Javanmardi Sara , Moradi-Ozarlou Masoumeh , Mohammadinejad Reza , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Samarghandian Saeed , Garg Manoj 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMitochondria are intracellular organelles with two distinct membranes, known as an outer mitochondrial membrane and inner cell membrane. Originally, mitochondria have been derived from bacteria. The main function of mitochondria is the production of ATP. However, this important organelle indirectly protects cells by consuming oxygen in the route of energy generation. It has been found that mitochondria are actively involved in the induction of the intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. So, there have been efforts to sustain mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibit its dysfunction. Notably, due to the potential role of mitochondria in the stimulation of apoptosis, this organelle is a promising target in cancer therapy. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol that exhibits significant pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor. The anti-tumor activity of resveratrol may be a consequence of its effect on mitochondria. Multiple studies have investigated the relationship between resveratrol and mitochondria, and it has been demonstrated that resveratrol is able to significantly enhance the concentration of reactive oxygen species, leading to the mitochondrial dysfunction and consequently, apoptosis induction. A number of signaling pathways such as sirtuin and NF-κB may contribute to the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis by resveratrol. Besides, resveratrol shifts cellular metabolism from glycolysis into mitochondrial respiration to induce cellular death in cancer cells. In the present review, we discuss the possible interactions between resveratrol and mitochondria, and its potential application in cancer therapy.
Cost‐effective clamping capacitor boost converter with high voltage gain
Authors: Zeng Yangbin , Li Hong , Wang Wencai , Zhang Bo , Zheng Trillion Q. 
Published: March 2020

In renewable energy generation systems, the DC–DC converter with high voltage gain is indispensable, which is used to convert the low output voltage of photovoltaic (PV) cells and fuel cells to the high DC bus voltage. In this study, a cost‐effective clamping capacitor boost (CCB) converter with high voltage gain is proposed. In the basis of the conventional boost converter, a clamping capacitor cell with two capacitors and two diodes is embedded. Then, the voltage gain of the proposed CCB converter can be doubled compared with the conventional boost converter. Further, unlike the switched capacitor high voltage gain converter, there is no large current spikes on the capacitors in the proposed CCB converter, which can reduce the current stresses and the costs of capacitors a lot. The operation principles and characteristics of the proposed CCB converter are analysed in detail and verified by simulation. Finally, a 450 W prototype is implemented to validate the performances and advantages of the proposed CCB converter. The proposed CCB converter provides a cost‐effective choice for high voltage gain converters in the renewable energy generation system with PV cells.
Resisted Sprint Velocity in Female Soccer Players: Influence of
Physical Capacities
Authors: Loturco Irineu , Jeffreys Ian , Kobal Ronaldo , Reis Valter P. , Fernandes Victor , Rossetti Marcelo , Pereira Lucas Adriano , McGuigan Michael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the effects of different sled overloads on maximum
sprint velocity achieved by female soccer players with different strength,
speed, and power levels. Twenty elite female soccer players from the same club
participated. On the same day, athletes performed: linear and resisted-sprint
tests with 30 and 60 % of body-mass over 5-, 10-, and 20-m; half-squat
maximum bar-power output, and half-squat one-repetition maximum assessment. A
median split analysis was used to divide players into two groups according to
their velocity, half-squat one-repetition maximum, and half-squat power.
Differences in percentage decreases between unresisted- and resisted-sprints
comparing higher and lower groups were analyzed using magnitude-based
inferences. Overall, the stronger, faster, and more powerful players were less
affected by both loads, as demonstrated by their lower decreases in velocity
over the different distances. However, half-squat power appeared to be more
sensitive for indicating impairments in resisted-sprint performance, due to
meaningful differences in percentage decreases observed between higher and lower
power groups. Notably, overloads of 30 and 60% of body-mass provoked
substantial reductions in resisted-sprint velocity (~22.9% for
30% and ~51.4% for 60% of body-mass, relative to
unresisted-sprint velocity). Athletes with superior power levels are less
affected by the progressive sled overloading.
Nierenbeteiligung bei Kollagenosen – Teil 2: Antiphospholipid-Syndrom, primäres Sjögren-Syndrom, systemische Sklerose
Authors: Oelzner Peter , Amann Kerstin , Wolf Gunter 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungRenale Manifestationen bei Antiphospholipid-Syndrom (APS), primärem Sjögren-Syndrom (pSS) und systemischer Sklerose (SSc) unterscheiden sich erheblich in Pathogenese, Histologie, klinischem Erscheinungsbild, Prognose und therapeutischer Konsequenz. Die Häufigkeit APS-assoziierter Nierenveränderungen wird mit 10–40% angegeben. Das APS kann sich an der Niere in Form von renaler Hypertonie, Thrombosen oder Stenosen der Nierenarterien, Niereninfarkten, Nierenvenenthrombose und intrarenaler Vaskulopathie (APS-Nephropathie) manifestieren. Gerade beim sekundären APS ist die Differenzialdiagnose zur Lupusnephritis mittels Nierenbiopsie wichtig, da das APS eine Antikoagulation und in der Regel keine Immunsuppression erfordert. Auch beim pSS werden renale Affektionen mit 20–40% relativ häufig beobachtet. Die typische und auch häufigste Manifestation ist die interstitielle Nephritis mit distal tubulärer Azidose Typ 1. Sie verläuft oft asymptomatisch, kann aber zu Hypokaliämie und Osteomalazie führen. Während interstitielle Nephritis und die seltenere Glomerulonephritis in der Regel gut auf eine Immunsuppression ansprechen, wird die distal-tubuläre Azidose durch Immunsuppression nur unzureichend beeinflusst. Bei SSc werden Nierenfunktionseinschränkungen und Proteinurie als Ausdruck einer renalen Affektion in bis zu 36% beobachtet. Diese histologisch durch sklerosierte Glomeruli, tubuläre Atrophie und interstitielle Fibrose charakterisierte und häufig multifaktorielle Nephropathie hat jedoch im Hinblick auf die Nierenfunktion eine gute Prognose. Deutlich seltener ist mit 4–11% die renale Krise, welche histologisch durch eine obstruktive Vaskulopathie und klinisch durch akzelerierte arterielle Hypertonie und progrediente Niereninsuffizienz gekennzeichnet ist. Risikofaktoren der renalen Krise bei SSc sind das Vorliegen einer diffus cutanen SSc, höheres Alter, männliches Geschlecht, Einnahme von Glukokortikoiden, Perikarderguss sowie der Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen RNA-Polymerase III. Die Therapie der hypertensiven renalen Krise besteht in einer Blutdrucksenkung um ca. 10% pro Tag unter Vermeidung längerer Perioden einer Hypotension bis in den Normbereich unter bevorzugtem Einsatz von ACE-Hemmern. Bei unzureichender Blutdrucksenkung unter ausdosiertem ACE-Hemmer kommen zusätzlich Alpha-Blocker, Kalziumantagonisten und Minoxidil zum Einsatz. Nützlich sind ferner die intravenöse Gabe von Prostacyclin zur Verbesserung der renalen Perfusion und die Anwendung des Endothelin-Rezeptor-Antagonisten Bosentan. Die Einführung von ACE-Hemmern hat zwar die Mortalität infolge einer renalen Krise erheblich reduziert, allerdings ist in 40–50% ein Fortschreiten zur terminalen Niereninsuffizienz zu erwarten.
Die Trans-Konstruktion
Authors: Ponseti Jorge , Stirn Aglaja 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungMit Blick auf Intersexsyndrome, Variabilität der Geschlechtsorgane und sozio-historisch geprägte Wahrnehmung von Geschlecht kritisieren Gender-Theoretiker_innen (Bauer 2019; Villa 2019; Voß 2019) in ihren Kommentaren zu Ponseti und Stirn (2019) die Zweigeschlechtlichkeit des Menschen als biologischen Reduktionismus und ideologische Fiktion. Wir zeigen, wie die Gender-Theoretiker_innen den Geschlechtsbegriff verändert haben, um ein „subjektives Geschlecht“ zu konstruieren und Transsexualität zu depathologisieren. Wir erklären, warum diese Bedeutungsänderung ein wissenschaftlicher Rückschritt ist und wie diese Strategie der Sexualwissenschaft und den Patienten_innen Schaden zufügt.
Oral and Dental Manifestations of Diamond-Blackfan Anemia: Case Reports
Authors: Ozden Feyza Otan , Gunduz Kaan , Ozden Bora , Isci K Devrim , Fisgin Tunc 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTDiamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA) is a red cell aplasia characterized with physical abnormalities. The incidence of the disease is reported to be five to seven (5-7) cases per million births in Europe and 4-5 per million live births in the UK and Netherlands with equal sex ratio. It was first recognized in 1938 but an exact pathophysiology of the disease has not been described yet. These abnormalities are well known, however, detailed oral and dental conditions related with the disease have not been described previously. We herein presented two cases of DBA together with oral and dental findings. Our study is first to report the gingival status of the patients with a complete investigation of any orthodontic or dental abnormalities in these kind of patients. A careful follow up and preventive therapies should not be missed in these kind of patients. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:344-348)
Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Uncommon Hemorrhagic Presentation: Case Report
Authors: Oberman Dan Zimelewicz , Rabelo Nicollas Nunes , Barros Rafael Rego , Lopes Othavio , Amorim Jorge 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntracranial aneurysm rupture causes subarachnoid hemorrhage in 80% of the cases, and it may be associated with intracerebral hemorrhage and/or intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in 34% and 17% of the patients, respectively. However, on rare occasions, aneurysm rupture may be present causing isolate intracerebral hemorrhage or IVH without subarachnoid hemorrhage.We describe an unusual case of an anterior communicating aneurysm rupture presented with IVH, without subarachnoid hemorrhage.Although isolated IVH is rare, aneurysm rupture is a possible condition. Patients presenting with head computed tomography revealing IVH without subarachnoid hemorrhage should be promptly investigated with contrasted image exam to identify and treat possible causes, even in the absence of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Percutaneous Treatment of Meckel Cave Arachnoid Cyst: Case Report, Surgical Strategy and Literature Review
Authors: Malheiros Filho Jose Augusto , Prates Junior Antonio Gilson , Sá Emmanuel Oliveira Vasconcelos e , D'Assumpção Luiza Cançado Guerra , de Souza Lucas Rodrigues 
Published: March 2020

AbstractArachnoid cysts are benign intracranial lesions. They are usually located in the middle fossa, but can be found in other locations. We present a case of symptomatic Meckel cave (MC) arachnoid cyst - a very rare location - and a treatment strategy not elsewhere described before for this condition. A 54-year-old female with trigeminal neuralgia with previous history of radiofrequency rhizotomy treatment 6 years before admission had been experiencing pain recurrence with progression, which required successive increases in carbamazepine dosage. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed dilatation of the right MC with extension to the petrous apex. The lesion was compatible with arachnoid cyst, and due to the worsening of the clinical condition, surgical treatment was chosen. Percutaneous puncture of the cyst through the foramen ovale with injection of intracystic fibrin sealant was performed. The patient woke up from anesthesia with pain improvement and was discharged asymptomatic the next day. After 12 months of follow-up, she remained pain-free. In the literature review, we found only eight cases reported as MC arachnoid cyst. These are likely to progress and become symptomatic owing to their communication with the subarachnoid space and a unidirectional valve mechanism. Pain improvement with this technique is probably secondary to the interruption of these mechanisms.
Masking Level Difference and Electrophysiological Evaluation in Adults with Normal Hearing
Authors: Santiago Joyce Miranda , Luiz Cyntia Barbosa Laureano , Garcia Michele , Gil Daniela 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction The auditory structures of the brainstem are involved in binaural interaction, which contributes to sound location and auditory figure-background perception.
Objective To investigate the performance of young adults in the masking level difference (MLD) test, brainstem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEPs) with click stimulus, and frequency-following response (FFR), as well as to verify the correlation between the findings, considering the topographic origin of the components of these procedures.
Methods A total of 20 female subjects between 18 and 30 years of age, with normal hearing and no complaints concerning central auditory processing underwent a basic audiological evaluation, as well as the MLD test, BAEP and FFR.
Results The mean result on the MLD test was of 10.70 dB. There was a statistically significant difference in the absolute latencies of waves I, III and V in the BAEPs of the ears. A change in the FFR characterized by the absence of the C, E and F waves was noticed. There was a statistically significant difference in the positive correlation of wave V in the BAEPs with the MLD. There was a statistically significant difference in the positive correlation of the mean MLD and the V, A and F components of the FFR.
Conclusion The mean MLD was adequate. In the BAEPs, we observed that the click stimulus transmission occurred faster in the right ear. The FFR showed absence of some components. The mean MLD correlated positively with the BAEPs and FFR.
Mecanismos inflamatorios involucrados en la fisiopatología de la hiperplasia prostática benigna
Authors: Guzman Robledo Ximena , García-Perdomo Herney Andrés 
Published: March 2020

ResumenLa obstrucción del tracto de salida ha sido asociada con la hiperplasia prostática benigna (HPB), dado el crecimiento progresivo del adenoma, lo cual lleva a un incremento en la resistencia al flujo urinario, junto con un efecto deletéreo en la función renal. Se han descrito múltiples teorías asociadas con el desarrollo de la hiperplasia. Entre las cuales se encuentran: La edad, el incremento en la actividad simpática, alteraciones hormonales, el síndrome metabólico y la inflamación crónica. En los últimos años, el rol de la inflamación prostática local en el entendimiento de la patogénesis y progresión de la HPB ha cobrado relevancia. Esa hipótesis plantea que infiltrados inflamatorios conllevan a una lesión tisular, generando así un proceso crónico de cicatrización que condiciona el incremento en el tamaño prostático. El presente artículo se enfoca en describir los mecanismos inflamatorios involucrados en la fisiopatología de la hiperplasia prostática benigna.