bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of GABAB receptor enhancement of extrasynaptic GABAA receptor currents in cerebellar granule cells
Authors: Khatri Shailesh N. , Wu Wan-Chen , Yang Ying , Pugh Jason R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany neurons, including cerebellar granule cells, exhibit a tonic GABA current mediated by extrasynaptic GABAA receptors. This current is a critical regulator of firing and the target of many clinically relevant compounds. Using a combination of patch clamp electrophysiology and photolytic uncaging of RuBi-GABA we show that GABAB receptors are tonically active and enhance extrasynaptic GABAA receptor currents in cerebellar granule cells. This enhancement is not associated with meaningful changes in GABAA receptor potency, mean channel open-time, open probability, or single-channel current. However, there was a significant (~40%) decrease in the number of channels participating in the GABA uncaging current and an increase in receptor desensitization. Furthermore, we find that adenylate cyclase, PKA, CaMKII, and release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores are necessary for modulation of GABAA receptors. Overall, this work reveals crosstalk between postsynaptic GABAA and GABAB receptors and identifies the signaling pathways and mechanisms involved.
MUC4-ErbB2 Oncogenic Complex: Binding studies using Microscale Thermophoresis
Authors: Liberelle Maxime , Magnez Romain , Thuru Xavier , Bencheikh Yamina , Ravez Severine , Quenon Camille , Drucbert Anne-Sophie , Foulon Catherine , Melnyk Patricia , Van Seuningen Isabelle , Lebègue Nicolas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe MUC4 membrane-bound mucin is a large O-glycoprotein involved in epithelial homeostasis. At the cancer cell surface MUC4 interacts with ErbB2 receptor via EGF domains to promote cell proliferation and migration. MUC4 is highly regarded as a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer as it is not expressed in healthy pancreas, while it is neoexpressed in early preneoplastic stages (PanINs). However, the association/dissociation constant of MUC4-ErbB2 complex is unknown. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) have become a major area of research in the past years and the characterization of their interactions, especially by biophysical methods, is intensively used in drug discovery. To characterize the MUC4-ErbB2 interaction, we used MicroScale Thermophoresis (MST), a powerful method for quantitative protein interaction analysis under challenging conditions. We worked with CHO cell lysates containing either the transmembrane β subunit of MUC4 (MUC4β) or a truncated mutant encompassing only the EGF domains (MUC4EGF3+1+2). MST studies have led to the characterization of equilibrium dissociation constants (Kd) for MUC4β-ErbB2 (7–25 nM) and MUC4EGF3+1+2/ErbB2 (65–79 nM) complexes. This work provides new information regarding the MUC4-ErbB2 interaction at the biophysical level and also confirms that the presence of the three EGF domains of MUC4 is sufficient to provide efficient interaction. This technological approach will be very useful in the future to validate small molecule binding affinities targeting MUC4-ErbB2 complex for drug discovery development in cancer. It will also be of high interest for the other known membrane mucins forming oncogenic complexes with ErbBs at the cancer cell surface.
Effects of non-solvents and electrolytes on the formation and properties of cellulose I filaments
Authors: Wang Ling , Lundahl Meri J. , Greca Luiz G. , Papageorgiou Anastassios C. , Borghei Maryam , Rojas Orlando J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCoagulation is a critical process in the assembly of cellulose nanofibrils into filaments by wet spinning; however, so far, the role of the coagulation solvent has not been systematically elucidated in this context. This work considers organic non-solvents (ethanol, acetone) and aqueous electrolyte solutions (NaCl(aq), HCl(aq), CaCl2(aq)) for the coagulation of negatively charged cellulose nanofibrils via wet spinning. The associated mechanisms of coagulation with such non-solvents resulted in different spinnability, coagulation and drying time. The properties of the achieved filaments varied depending strongly on the coagulant used: filaments obtained from electrolytes (using Ca2+ and H+ as counterions) demonstrated better water/moisture stability and thermomechanical properties. In contrast, the filaments formed from organic non-solvents (with Na+ as counterions) showed high moisture sorption and low hornification when subjected to cycles of high and low humidity (dynamic vapor sorption experiments) and swelled extensively upon immersion in water. Our observations highlight the critical role of counter-ions and non-solvents in filament formation and performance. Some of the fundamental aspects are further revealed by using quartz crystal microgravimetry with model films of nanocelluloses subjected to the respective solvent exchange.
Tumor necrosis factor induces rapid down-regulation of TXNIP in human T cells
Authors: Levring Trine B. , Kongsbak-Wismann Martin , Rode Anna K. O. , Al-Jaberi Fatima A. H. , Lopez Daniel V. , Met Özcan , Woetmann Anders , Bonefeld Charlotte M. , Ødum Niels , Geisler Carsten 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn addition to antigen-driven signals, T cells need co-stimulatory signals for robust activation. Several receptors, including members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF), can deliver co-stimulatory signals to T cells. Thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) is an important inhibitor of glucose uptake and cell proliferation, but it is unknown how TXNIP is regulated in T cells. The aim of this study was to determine expression levels and regulation of TXNIP in human T cells. We found that naïve T cells express high levels of TXNIP and that treatment of blood samples with TNF results in rapid down-regulation of TXNIP in the T cells. TNF-induced TXNIP down-regulation correlated with increased glucose uptake. Furthermore, we found that density gradient centrifugation (DGC) induced down-regulation of TXNIP. We demonstrate that DGC induced TNF production that paralleled the TXNIP down-regulation. Treatment of blood with toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands induced TNF production and TXNIP down-regulation, suggesting that damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as endogenous TLR ligands, released during DGC play a role in DGC-induced TXNIP down-regulation. Finally, we demonstrate that TNF-induced TXNIP down-regulation is dependent on caspase activity and is caused by caspase-mediated cleavage of TXNIP.
Organo-mineral associations in chert of the 3.5 Ga Mount Ada Basalt raise questions about the origin of organic matter in Paleoarchean hydrothermally influenced sediments
Authors: Alleon Julien , Flannery David T. , Ferralis Nicola , Williford Kenneth H. , Zhang Yong , Schuessler Jan A. , Summons Roger E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHydrothermal and metamorphic processes could have abiotically produced organo-mineral associations displaying morphological and isotopic characteristics similar to those of fossilized microorganisms in ancient rocks, thereby leaving false-positive evidence for early life in the geological record. Recent studies revealed that geologically-induced alteration processes do not always completely obliterate all molecular information about the original organic precursors of ancient microfossils. Here, we report the molecular, geochemical, and mineralogical composition of organo-mineral associations in a chert sample from the ca. 3.47 billion-year-old (Ga) Mount Ada Basalt, in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. Our observations indicate that the molecular characteristics of carbonaceous matter are consistent with hydrothermally altered biological organics, although significantly distinct from that of organic microfossils discovered in a chert sample from the ca. 3.43 Ga Strelley Pool Formation in the same area. Alternatively, the presence of native metal alloys in the chert, previously believed to be unstable in such hydrothermally influenced environments, indicates strongly reducing conditions that were favorable for the abiotic formation of organic matter. Drawing definitive conclusions about the origin of most Paleoarchean organo-mineral associations therefore requires further characterization of a range of natural samples together with experimental simulations to constrain the molecular composition and geological fate of hydrothermally-generated condensed organics.
Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using upland cress: purification, characterisation, and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Johnson David L. , Wang Yale , Stealey Samuel T. , Alexander Anne K. , Kaltchev Matey G. , Chen Junhong , Zhang Wujie 
Published: November 2019

Silver nanoparticles have traditionally been synthesised using physical and chemical methods, often requiring expensive equipment and reagents that pose risks to the environment. This work provides a green method for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extracts from upland cress: Barbarea verna. Natural reducing agents within the leaf extracts of upland cress reduce silver ions from silver nitrates, resulting in the formation of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were purified using centrifugation and extraction using Triton X‐114. The resulting nanoparticles were characterised using UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Silver nanoparticles were shown to have a diameter of 30–40 nm with a characteristic UV–Vis absorption peak at 420 nm. Antimicrobial properties of the synthesised silver nanoparticles were also confirmed using S. epidermis and E. coli bacteria.
Physical conditions in the gas phases of the giant H II region LMC-N 11
Authors: Lebouteiller V. , Cormier D. , Madden S. C. , Galametz M. , Hony S. , Galliano F. , Chevance M. , Lee M.-Y. , Braine J. , Polles F. L. , Requeña-Torres M. A. , Indebetouw R. , Hughes A. , Abel N. 
Published: November 2019

Context. The ambiguous origin of the [C II] 158μm line in the interstellar medium complicates its use for diagnostics concerning the star-formation rate and physical conditions in photodissociation regions.
Aims. We investigate the origin of [C II] in order to measure the total molecular gas content, the fraction of CO-dark H2 gas, and how these parameters are impacted by environmental effects such as stellar feedback.
Methods. We observed the giant H II region N 11 in the Large Magellanic Cloud with SOFIA/GREAT. The [C II] line is resolved in velocity and compared to H I and CO, using a Bayesian approach to decompose the line profiles. A simple model accounting for collisions in the neutral atomic and molecular gas was used in order to derive the H2 column density traced by C+.
Results. The profile of [C II] most closely resembles that of CO, but the integrated [C II] line width lies between that of CO and that of H I. Using various methods, we find that [C II] mostly originates from the neutral gas. We show that [C II] mostly traces the CO-dark H2 gas but there is evidence of a weak contribution from neutral atomic gas preferentially in the faintest components (as opposed to components with low [C II]/CO or low CO column density). Most of the molecular gas is CO-dark. The CO-dark H2 gas, whose density is typically a few 100s cm−3 and thermal pressure in the range 103.5−5 K cm−3, is not always in pressure equilibrium with the neutral atomic gas. The fraction of CO-dark H2 gas decreases with increasing CO column density, with a slope that seems to depend on the impinging radiation field from nearby massive stars. Finally we extend previous measurements of the photoelectric-effect heating efficiency, which we find is constant across regions probed with Herschel, with [C II] and [O I] being the main coolants in faint and diffuse, and bright and compact regions, respectively, and with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission tracing the CO-dark H2 gas heating where [C II] and [O I] emit.
Conclusions. We present an innovative spectral decomposition method that allows statistical trends to be derived for the molecular gas content using CO, [C II], and H I profiles. Our study highlights the importance of velocity-resolved photodissociation region (PDR) diagnostics and higher spatial resolution for H I observations as future steps.
Pediatric Mesenteric Vasculature: Noninvasive Imaging and Catheter Arteriography
Authors: Braswell Leah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe imaging of the mesenteric vasculature of infants and children can be effectively accomplished using a variety of noninvasive and invasive techniques. As with adult imaging, the choice of modality will depend on the specific clinical scenario. Unique considerations and challenges are related to pediatric body size, pathology, the patient's developmental ability to tolerate the exam, and practical radiation concerns. Pediatric angiography can provide both diagnostic information and a pathway to definitive treatment of vascular abnormalities. Utilizing the right modality in the appropriate situation allows for accurate and timely diagnosis so that treatment is most effective.
Spectral representations of topological groups and near-openly generated groups
Authors: Valov V. M. , Kozlov K. L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Near-openly generated groups are introduced. They form a topological and multiplicative subclass of

-factorizable groups. Dense and open subgroups, quotients and the Raikov completion of a near-openly generated group are near-openly generated. Almost connected pro-Lie groups, Lindelöf almost metrizable groups and the spaces

of all continuous real-valued functions on a Tychonoff space with pointwise convergence topology are near-openly generated.
We provide characterizations of near-openly generated groups using methods of inverse spectra and topological game theory.
Bibliography: 24 titles.
Partially invertible strongly dependent

-ary operations
Authors: Cheremushkin A. V. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We prove analogues of Malyshev’s theorems on the structure of finite

-quasigroups with the weak invertibility condition and of Belousov’s theorem with a description of

-associative

-quasigroups for the case of strongly dependent

-ary semigroup operations on a finite set.
Bibliography: 8 titles.
FromInternational Literatureto world literature
Authors: Ostrovskaya Elena , Zemskova Elena 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article conceptualizes translation within the theoretical framework of world literature and discusses the role of translators in the multilingual leftist literary journalInternational Literature. It focuses on the biographies and work of three translators into English: Leonard Mins, Niall Goold-Verschoyle and Anthony Wixley. Living in Moscow in the mid-1930s, they contributed to the international circulation of authors that later became part of the canon of world literature: Georg Lukács, Bertolt Brecht, and Isaac Babel. Exploring these translations within the historical context of Soviet cosmopolitanism, this article aims to uncover the mechanism by which Moscow in this period became a temporary sub-center of world literature.
Structural inpainting techniques using equations of engineering physics
Authors: Barbu Tudor 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A comprehensive survey on structure-based inpainting methods based on equations of engineering physics is provided in this work. Diffusion equations, describing the random motion of the micro-particles in physics, have been successfully applied in the image processing areas in the last decades. Nonlinear anisotropic diffusion-based structural inpainting techniques, using variational and non-variational PDE models, are discussed first. Influential variational interpolation approaches, such as those using the Mumford–Shah functional, total variation inpainting and its versions, and Euler’s Elastica inpainting, are addressed here. Second and fourth-order anisotropic diffusion-based interpolation schemes, some of them not following variational principles, are then presented. Our own contributions in this field are also discussed. The applications of the reaction-diffusion equations, like Ginzburg–Landau equation, describing a large variety of physics phenomena, in the inpainting domain, are described next. Structural reconstructions methods using partial differential equations for fluid dynamics, such as the Navier–Stokes equations describing the motion of the viscous fluids, are then considered here. Other state of the art third-order PDE-based structural inpainting algorithms surveyed here are based on the curvature-driven diffusion equations that use the thermal diffusion principle in physics. Fourth-order PDE-based interpolation solutions, such as Cahn–Hilliard inpainting that uses a modified mathematical physics equation describing the phase separation process, are also described.
Increase in efficiency of training process of weight-lifters on the basis of biomechanical control of current and reference trajectory of a bar
Authors: Azeev A A , Azeev A E , Zhiganova L A , Mikhailenko E N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To develop methods and technical means for recording, analysis and adjustment of the exercise biomechanics. The research is based on theoretical and experimental methods: comparative analysis, system approach, mathematical modelling and theory of experiment planning. The authors developed a complex of exercises with a system for recording, analysis and adjustment of the exercise biomechanics and the common centre of mass of the biomechanical system. A series of preliminary experiments was performed. It is assumed that the research findings will demonstrate the efficiency of applying technical means with feedback, which allow setting a right stereotype of movement basing on the prompt information analysis on the movement capabilities of a sportsman.
Application of distributed integrated modular avionics concept for perspective aircraft equipment control systems
Authors: Neretin E S , Lunev E M , Ivanov A S , Budkov A S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper considers the possibility of distributed integrated modular avionics concept application for control systems of aircraft equipment. This approach allows reducing the cable network weight and size, reducing the noise of transmitted data, increasing the system reliability, shortening the time of the development and further modernization. As a result, the design of system and component part is proposed.
Automated support for spacecraft onboard equipment design on the basis of a heterogeneous model
Authors: Isaeva O S , Mishurov A V , Koldyrev A Yu , Chernigovskiy A S , Kamyshnikov A N , Evstratko V V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article presents methods and software tools for modeling and analysis of space system onboard equipment operation. The authors suggest the design of a heterogeneous model uniting knowledge bases and virtual devices simulating work of data reception and transmission equipment. Model design considers tasks appearing during preparation of satellite production at a company-manufacturer of the space industry. The model can be used at the stages of designing and testing of the onboard equipment. For design support, the model allows assessment of parameters of the reception-and-transmission path and of destabilizing factor influence on communication line quality. For ground test support, the model simulates functions of the onboard equipment during command-and-software control of a spacecraft, providing reception and transmission methods for a wide range of commands and methods of generation of telemetry frame values. The comparison of precedents obtained during simulation tests with the results of the finished equipment testing, allows determination of special features of the onboard system operation that can stay unnoticed if other methods of test preparation and analysis are applied.
Influence of the initial state of a distributed system on the optimal control of quartz optical fiber drawing
Authors: Pervadchuk V P , Vladimirova D B , Gordeeva I V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An optimal control problem for a distributed system with compromise control is considered out of this work. The solvability is shown and an optimization system is obtained for the optimal control issue with boundary monitoring and boundary supervision described by equations of melts continuity and movement. An algorithm for implementing the optimal control problem is suggested and the outcome is analyzed. The issue is resolved for a few types of initial conditions used with the radius deviation function from its programmed determination.
Method of processing a distorted signal of a MODE-S format from an airplane transponder
Authors: Meltsov V U , Lapitsky A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article describes a rather efficient method for processing a signal of the MODE-S format, which has distortions in amplitude and timing parameters. Distortion can be caused by various factors, such as the presence of interference in the air and the reflection of the signal, the impact of various electromagnetic fields. Receiving and further processing of the signal with distortion can not be performed correctly using simple algorithms that do not take into account these features. The method described below allows processing part of the distorted signals correctly and increasing the total number of decoded signals. MODE-S is part of a large air traffic processing and monitoring system. Today, a large number of civil aircraft are equipped with receivers and transponders of signal in MODE-S format. This system allows identifying aircraft and obtaining the necessary information about the flight in a simple way. MODE-S works on the question-answer principle. The so-called “question” is sent to the aircraft in order to obtain specific information about the flight. The aircraft accepts this “question”, analyzes its format and, depending on it, sends an “answer” back. It is very important to process correctly as many signals as possible, because the information in them is important and must be received on time.
Comparison of the miniaturization efficiency of the coupler using the bends of quarter-wave segments
Authors: Hung L Q , Quan D M , Tan P H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article analyzes the efficiency of micropolice bending line for minaturization compared to artificial transmission lines. Simple bending of the line allows reducing the area of the coupler only by no more than 50%, this is due to the limited space inside the coupler. While the artificial transmission lines can provide a reduction in the area of more than 60%.
Model of inertial navigation system for unmanned aerial vehicle based on MEMS
Authors: Parfiriev A V , Dushkin A V , Ischuk I N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents data on the software and hardware implementation of the algorithm for determining Euler angles (roll, pitch and yaw) based on MEMS using a complementary filter. The yaw angle is calculated from the readings of the magnetometer. The angles of roll and pitch are calculated from the accelerometer and gyroscope readings with their subsequent integration to improve the determination accuracy. A prototype model of an inertial navigation system was assembled using the GY-9250 module and the Arduino UNO board, which have high performance at low cost and low power consumption.