bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verbascoside inhibits progression of glioblastoma cells by promoting Let‐7g‐5p and down‐regulating HMGA2 via Wnt/beta‐catenin signalling blockade
Authors: Jia Wei‐Qiang , Zhu Jian‐Wei , Yang Cheng‐Yong , Ma Jun , Pu Tian‐You , Han Guo‐Qiang , Zou Ming‐Ming , Xu Ru‐Xiang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) continues to show a poor prognosis despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The discovery of reliable prognostic indicators may significantly improve treatment outcome of GBM. In this study, we aimed to explore the function of verbascoside (VB) in GBM and its effects on GBM cell biological processes via let‐7g‐5p and HMGA2. Differentially expressed GBM‐related microRNAs (miRNAs) were initially screened. Different concentrations of VB were applied to U87 and U251 GBM cells, and 50 µmol/L of VB was selected for subsequent experiments. Cells were transfected with let‐7g‐5p inhibitor or mimic, and overexpression of HMGA2 or siRNA against HMGA2 was induced, followed by treatment with VB. The regulatory relationships between VB, let‐7g‐5p, HMGA2 and Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway were determined. The results showed that HMGA2 was a direct target gene of let‐7g‐5p. VB treatment or let‐7g‐5p overexpression inhibited HMGA2 expression and the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway, which further inhibited cell viability, invasion, migration, tumour growth and promoted GBM cell apoptosis and autophagy. On the contrary, HMGA2 overexpression promoted cell viability, invasion, migration, tumour growth while inhibiting GBM cell apoptosis and autophagy. We demonstrated that VB inhibits cell viability and promotes cell autophagy in GBM cells by up‐regulating let‐7g‐5p and down‐regulating HMGA2 via Wnt/β‐catenin signalling blockade.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enhance autophagy and help protect cells under hypoxic and retinal detachment conditions
Authors: Liu Xin , Xie Jia'nan , Yang Longfei , Li Ying , He Yuxi , Liu Zaoxia , Zhang Yan , Su Guanfang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOur study aimed to evaluate the protective role and mechanisms of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in hypoxic photoreceptors and experimental retinal detachment. The cellular morphology, viability, apoptosis and autophagy of hypoxic 661w cells and cells cocultured with BMSCs were analysed. In retinal detachment model, BMSCs were intraocularly transplanted, and then, the retinal morphology, outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness and rhodopsin expression were studied as well as apoptosis and autophagy of the retinal cells. The hypoxia‐induced apoptosis of 661w cells obviously increased together with autophagy levels increasing and peaking at 8 hours after hypoxia. Upon coculturing with BMSCs, hypoxic 661w cells had a better morphology and fewer apoptosis. After autophagy was inhibited, the apoptotic 661w cells under the hypoxia increased, and the cell viability was reduced, even in the presence of transplanted BMSCs. In retina‐detached eyes transplanted with BMSCs, the retinal ONL thickness was closer to that of the normal retina. After transplantation, apoptosis decreased significantly and retinal autophagy was activated in the BMSC‐treated retinas. Increased autophagy in the early stage could facilitate the survival of 661w cells under hypoxic stress. Coculturing with BMSCs protects 661w cells from hypoxic damage, possibly due to autophagy activation. In retinal detachment models, BMSC transplantation can significantly reduce photoreceptor cell death and preserve retinal structure. The capacity of BMSCs to reduce retinal cell apoptosis and to initiate autophagy shortly after transplantation may facilitate the survival of retinal cells in the low‐oxygen and nutrition‐restricted milieu after retinal detachment.
Is the Member States' Curse the EU's Blessing? Inequality and EU Regime Evaluation
Authors: Schraff Dominik 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHow does inequality shape regime evaluations in Europe's multi‐level governance system? I argue that rising inequality improves citizens' evaluation of the EU's political system. This effect is driven by two mechanisms. First, adverse social and political consequences of inequality within national democracies strongly erode national regime evaluations. This leads to an improvement of EU regime evaluations in relative terms. Second, citizens compensate negative national conditions by redirecting hopes to the supranational level. This compensation mechanisms further tilts regime evaluates in favour of the EU. An empirical analysis of change in national and European parliament trust across 27 member states and 14 years provides empirical support for this argument. It also shows that the two mechanisms coexist and that their relevance is conditioned by previous levels of regime support.
Europeanization as the Reterritorialization of the State: Towards Conceptual Clarification
Authors: Havlík Vratislav 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn connection with the so‐called territorial dimension of the cohesion policy promoted by the European Commission, a gradual Europeanization of territorial organization can be observed in EU member states. Two main approaches can be identified in literature describing this phenomenon: scholars in European studies discuss the issue in terms of the notions of governance, while planners tend to focus on the priorities of regional development. What is missing is a unified conceptual understanding that includes the diverse aspects of these processes. This article offers an innovative view of the Europeanization of territoriality. Its key argument is that there are two ways of studying the Europeanization of territoriality: (1) as changes in the spatial organization of member states and the establishment of new regions (a static component of the polity); and (2) as changes in relations between actors of governance in consequence of the new territorial arrangement (a dynamic component of politics).
Annual Research Review: Ecological momentary assessment studies in child psychology and psychiatry
Authors: Russell Michael A. , Gajos Jamie M. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundEnhancements in mobile phone technology allow the study of children and adolescents' everyday lives like never before. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) uses these advancements to allow in‐depth measurements of links between context, behavior, and physiology in youths' everyday lives.FindingsA large and diverse literature now exists on using EMA to study mental and behavioral health among youth. Modern EMA methods are built on a rich tradition of idiographic inquiry focused on the intensive study of individuals. Studies of child and adolescent mental and behavioral health have used EMA to characterize lived experience, document naturalistic within‐person processes and individual differences in these processes, measure familiar constructs in novel ways, and examine temporal order and dynamics in youths' everyday lives.ConclusionsEcological momentary assessment is feasible and reliable for studying the daily lives of youth. EMA can inform the development and augmentation of traditional and momentary intervention. Continued research and technological development in mobile intervention design and implementation, EMA‐sensor integration, and complex real‐time data analysis are needed to realize the potential of just‐in‐time adaptive intervention, which may allow researchers to reach high‐risk youth with intervention content when and where it is needed most.
Psychosocial burden of Hidradenitis Suppurativa patients’ partners
Authors: Włodarek K. , Głowaczewska A. , Matusiak Ł. , Szepietowski J. C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa is a debilitating disease related to a great psychosocial burden in affected patients and subsequently also people around them. Patients’ partners as caregivers may indirectly experience wide range of devastating effects of the disease on their emotional and social life.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the QoL impairment in HS patients’ partners and to identify its aspects that are affected the most. Correlation between QoL burden and disease severity, duration, sex, age and smoking was also assessed.MethodsA total of 50 HS sufferers were assessed according to disease severity and their partners’ QoL was determined using the Family Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire.ResultsThe mean FDLQI for patients’ partners was 8.7 ± 6.8 points, indicating generally a moderate effect of HS on their life. Quality of partners’ life correlated significantly with disease severity but no correlation was found according to other factors.ConclusionHidradenitis suppurativa is a highly psychologically devastating disease not only for patients but also for their partners. It occurred to diminish partners’ QoL mostly by increasing daily expenditure but also other problems were often reported. Clinicians should be aware of these psychosocial implications, in order to provide optimal therapy of HS affected families by a multidisciplinary specialized management addressing both, patients and their cohabitants simultaneously.
Accuracy and clinical value of an adhesion scoring system: A preoperative diagnostic method using transvaginal ultrasonography for endometriotic adhesion
Authors: Ichikawa Masao , Akira Shigeo , Kaseki Hanako , Watanabe Kenichiro , Ono Shuichi , Takeshita Toshiyuki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate the accuracy and clinical value of an adhesion scoring system using transvaginal ultrasonography for endometriotic adhesion.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we included 131 patients with endometriosis who underwent surgery. Before surgery, transvaginal ultrasonography and adhesion mapping were performed to determine the presence or absence of adhesions at 10 sites of the pelvis. Mapping accuracy was determined by comparing the mapping findings with the surgical findings. To determine the severity of pelvic adhesions, we developed an adhesion score (0–10). With the adhesion score, we assessed the effect of surgical adhesiolysis and evaluated the relationship between postoperative adhesions and infertility.ResultsOf the 10 sites assessed for adhesions, the most frequent site of adhesions was the site between the left ovary and the uterus (70.5%). The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and accuracy of adhesion mapping were 80.4%, 86.1%, 78.8%, 87.2%, 5.79, 0.23 and 83.9%, respectively. The adhesion score in this system was significantly correlated with the adhesion‐related score in the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification (R2 = 0.734). Surgical adhesiolysis yielded only about 30% improvement postoperatively. The adhesion score 1 month after surgery in the non‐in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy group was significantly lower than that in the IVF pregnancy group (3.45 vs 5.21; P = 0.02).ConclusionOur adhesion scoring system allowed an accurate prediction of the pelvic adhesion status and may potentially be an indicator of postoperative adhesions and infertility.
The use of photography to perform an online consumer test on the freshness of chicken breast and the extension of shelf life
Authors: Oliveira e Silva Rita , do Carmo Rouxinol Margarida I. F. , da Silva Coutinho Patarata Luís A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChicken is appreciated by consumers because it is a very versatile meat, affordable, and generally recognized as healthier and more environmentally friendly than red meats. Currently, chicken cuts are mostly sold packaged; thus, the adequate establishment of shelf life is fundamental. Our aim was to evaluate the potential of using an online consumer test to determine the freshness of chicken breast and the extension of shelf life based on viewing photographs. The results showed that the use of images of chicken breasts, vacuum packed, and modified atmosphere packaged (MAP), for an online consumer test is an interesting strategy. The results are consistent with those obtained from a group of consumers performing the test live with images and odor evaluation and with the counts of spoilage microorganisms. The relationship between microbial counts and acceptability was unclear, particularly in the MAP samples, which presented counts considered acceptable but were rejected by the consumers.Practical applicationsThe use of consumer tests to define the shelf‐life of perishable products is a method currently used by the industry. Since consumer tests are expensive, and especially with perishable products, it is quite difficult to operationalize, and, consumer in the purchasing situation values essentially the product aspect, we organized a research work to evaluate the potential of using an online consumer test on the freshness of chicken breast and the extension of shelf life based on viewing photographs of the product as a replacement for the product itself. The results suggest that use of images to perform an online consumer test was revealed to be an adequate and useful strategy.
Water insecurity potentially undermines dietary diversity of children aged 6–23 months: Evidence from India
Authors: Choudhary Neetu , Schuster Roseanne , Brewis Alexandra , Wutich Amber 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDietary diversity is a crucial pathway to child nutrition; lack of diversity may deprive children of critical macro and micronutrients. Though water along with hygiene and sanitation is a known driver of child undernutrition, a more direct role of household water in shaping dietary diversity remains unexplored. Existing literature provides a sound theoretical basis to expect that water could affect dietary diversity among young children. Here, we test the proposition that suboptimal household access to water and low regional water availability associate with lower dietary diversity among young children. Using the nationally representative 2015–2016 India Demographic and Health Survey data, we conducted a probit analysis on the sample of 69,841 children aged 6–23 months to predict the probability that a child achieves minimum standards of dietary diversity (MDD). After controlling for relevant socioeconomic and gender‐related covariates, we found that children in household with suboptimal household water access were two percentage points less likely to achieve MDD, when compared with those from households with optimal water access. Children in high water availability regions had nine percentage points greater probability of achieving MDD compared with children from low water availability regions, accounting for household water access. As dietary diversity is central to nutrition, establishing the role of water access in shaping early childhood dietary diversity broadens the framework on how household material poverty shapes child malnutrition—independent of sanitation and hygiene pathways. This provides additional window for nutrition planning and intervention wherein water‐based strategies can be leveraged in multiple ways.
Role of endothelium‐independent vasodilation in the relationship between visceral adiposity and reduced cognitive performance in older adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Moh Mei Chung , Low Serena , Ng Tze Pin , Ang Keven , Subramaniam Tavintharan , Sum Chee Fang , Kwan Pek Yee , Lee Simon Biing Ming , Tang Wern Ee , Lim Su Chi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn this cross‐sectional analysis, we sought to assess the relationship of adiposity and forearm microvascular reactivity with cognitive dysfunction among older Asians with type 2 diabetes (T2D).MethodsSubjects with T2D aged ≥ 55 years were analyzed (N = 907). Cognitive performance was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and Mini‐Mental State Exam (MMSE). Visceral fat area (VFA) was estimated by tetrapolar multi‐frequency bioimpedance. Forearm microvascular endothelium‐dependent vasodilation (EDV) and endothelium‐independent vasodilation (EIV) were assessed by laser Doppler imaging with iontophoresis.ResultsRBANS total score was correlated with VFA, EDV, and EIV (all P < .05). However, VFA was correlated with EIV, but not with EDV. Multivariable linear regression showed significant association between VFA and RBANS total score (B = −0.02, 95% CI= −0.03 to −0.01) or memory (immediate and delayed) index scores. These associations were attenuated after adjustment for EIV. Mediation analysis showed that EIV partially mediated the relationship between visceral adiposity and RBANS scores (all Sobel tests P < .05). EIV also mediated the relationship between VFA and MMSE score.ConclusionsImpaired endothelium‐independent vascular smooth muscle reactivity may exert a mediatory effect on the association between increased visceral adiposity and decreased cognitive performance in older adults with T2D.
Inflammation without pain: Immune‐derived opioids hold the key
Authors: Carbone Simona E. , Poole Daniel P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVisceral pain is commonly associated with acute or remitting inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In marked contrast, chronic IBD is often painless, even in the presence of active inflammation. This suggests that inflammation in itself is insufficient to sustain altered nociceptive signaling and raises the possibility that there is an endogenous analgesic system in effect in chronic disease. A new study by Basso et al. published in this issue of Neurogastroenterology & Motility provides additional support for an immune‐mediated mechanism that suppresses visceral hypersensitivity. The authors examined visceral pain in the IL‐10‐piroxicam model of chronic colitis, which differs from other experimental IBD models in that it involves immune suppression. During active inflammation, responses by these mice to graded increases in colorectal distension were equivalent to healthy controls, consistent with normal afferent signaling. However, treatment with a peripherally restricted opioid receptor antagonist resulted in marked visceral hypersensitivity to the same stimuli. This effect was attributed to the production of endogenous opioids by colitogenic CD4+ T cells present in the mucosa. This mini‐review provides a brief overview of analgesia by immune‐derived opioids under inflammatory conditions and highlights how the work of Basso et al. contributes to this area of research. Potential pharmacological approaches to harness or mimic this system are provided. These strategies may prove to be an effective means through which targeted and sustained relief of IBD pain may be achieved.
Adipokines: A gear shift in puberty
Authors: Nieuwenhuis Desirée , Pujol‐Gualdo Natàlia , Arnoldussen Ilse A.C. , Kiliaan Amanda J. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn this review, we discuss the role of adipokines in the onset of puberty in children with obesity during adrenarche and gonadarche and provide a clear and detailed overview of the biological processes of two major players, leptin and adiponectin. Adipokines, especially leptin and adiponectin, seem to induce an early onset of puberty in girls and boys with obesity by affecting the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis. Moreover, adipokines and their receptors are expressed in the gonads, suggesting a role in sexual maturation and reproduction. All in all, adipokines may be a clue in understanding mechanisms underlying the onset of puberty in childhood obesity and puberty onset variability.
“You're at their mercy”: Older peoples' experiences of moving from home to a care home: A grounded theory study
Authors: O'Neill Marie , Ryan Assumpta , Tracey Anne , Laird Liz 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundInternationally, it is recognised that the transition to a care home environment can be an emotional and stressful occasion for older people and their families. There is a paucity of research that takes into consideration the initial phase of the relocation process, incorporating individuals' experiences of the move.AimTo explore individuals' experiences of moving into a care home. This paper has a specific focus on the preplacement (7 days) and immediate postplacement (within 3 days) period of the move to the care home.DesignA grounded theory method was used to conduct semi‐structured interviews with 23 participants.ResultsData analysis revealed five distinct categories that captured the experience of the preplacement and immediate postplacement period. These were as follows: (a) inevitability of the move: “I had to come here,” (b) making the move: “Abrupt Departures,” (c) decision‐making and exercising choice: “What can I do, I have no choice,” (d) maintaining identity: “Holding on to self” and (e) maintaining connections: “I like my family to be near.” Together, these five categories formed the basis of the concept “You're at their Mercy” which encapsulates the perceived transition experience of the older people within the study. Participants felt that the move was out of their control and that they were “at the mercy” of others who made decisions about their long‐term care.ConclusionsMoving to a care home represents a uniquely significant relocation experience for the individual. Key factors influencing the move were the individuals' perceived lack of autonomy in the pre‐ and postrelocating period of moving to a care home. Nurses have a key role to play in working with older people to influence policy and practice around decision‐making, planning and moving to a care home with greater emphasis on autonomy and choice so that older people do not feel “at the mercy” of others as they navigate such a major transition.Implications for practiceThere is a need to standardise approaches and develop person‐centred interventions to support older people considering relocation to a care home and nurses have a key role to play in making this happen.
Aberrant limbic brain structures in young individuals at risk for mental illness
Authors: Nogovitsyn Nikita , Souza Roberto , Muller Meghan , Srajer Amelia , Metzak Paul D. , Hassel Stefanie , Ismail Zahinoor , Protzner Andrea , Bray Signe L. , Lebel Catherine , MacIntosh Bradley J. , Goldstein Benjamin I. , Wang JianLi , Kennedy Sidney H. , Addington Jean , MacQueen Glenda M. 
Published: January 2020

AimAlterations in limbic structures may be present before the onset of serious mental illness, but whether subfield‐specific limbic brain changes parallel stages in clinical risk is unknown. To address this gap, we compared the hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus subfield‐specific volumes in adolescents at various stages of risk for mental illness.MethodsMRI scans were obtained from 182 participants (aged 12–25 years) from the Canadian Psychiatric Risk and Outcome study. The sample comprised of four groups: asymptomatic youth at risk due to family history of mental illness (Stage 0, n = 32); youth with early symptoms of distress (Stage 1a, n = 41); youth with subthreshold psychotic symptoms (Stage 1b, n = 72); and healthy comparison participants with no family history of serious mental illness (n = 37). Analyses included between‐group comparisons of brain measurements and correlational analyses that aimed to identify significant associations between neuroimaging and clinical measurements. A machine‐learning technique examined the discriminative properties of the clinical staging model.ResultsSubfield‐specific limbic volume deficits were detected at every stage of risk for mental illness. A machine‐learning classifier identified volume deficits within the body of the hippocampus, left amygdala nuclei, and medial‐lateral nuclei of the thalamus that were most informative in differentiating between risk stages.ConclusionAberrant subfield‐specific changes within the limbic system may serve as biological evidence to support transdiagnostic clinical staging in mental illness. Differential patterns of volume deficits characterize those at risk for mental illness and may be indicative of a risk‐stage progression.