bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential and Limitations of the New P2Y12 Inhibitor, Cangrelor, in Preventing Heparin-Induced Platelet Aggregation During Cardiac Surgery: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Scala Emmanuelle , Gerschheimer Christiane , Gomez Francisco J. , Alberio Lorenzo , Marcucci Carlo 
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND:
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) can put cardiac surgery patients at a high risk of lethal complications. If anti-PF4/heparin antibodies (anti-PF4/Hep Abs) are present, 2 strategies exist to prevent intraoperative aggregation during bypass surgery: first, using an alternative anticoagulant, and second, using heparin combined with an antiaggregant. The new P2Y12 inhibitor, cangrelor, could be an attractive candidate for the latter strategy; several authors have reported its successful use. The present in vitro study evaluated cangrelor’s ability to inhibit heparin-induced platelet aggregation in the presence of anti-PF4/Hep Abs.

METHODS:
Platelet-poor plasma (PPP) from 30 patients with functional anti-PF4/Hep Abs was mixed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) from 5 healthy donors.
Light transmission aggregometry was used to measure platelet aggregation after adding 0.5 IU·mL−1 of heparin (HIT) to the plasma, and this was compared with samples spiked with normal saline (control) and samples spiked with cangrelor 500 ng·mL−1 and heparin 0.5 IU·mL−1 (treatment). Friedman test with post hoc Dunn-Bonferroni test was used for between-group comparisons.

RESULTS:
Heparin 0.5 IU·mL−1 triggered aggregation in 22 of 44 PPP–PRP mixtures, with a median aggregation of 86% (interquartile range [IQR], 69–91). The median aggregation of these 22 positive samples’ respective control tests was 22% (IQR, 16–30) (P < .001). Median aggregation in the cangrelor-treated samples was 29% (IQR, 19–54) and significantly lower than the HIT samples (P < .001). Cangrelor inhibited heparin-induced aggregation by a median of 91% (IQR, 52–100). Cangrelor only reduced heparin-induced aggregation by >95% in 10 of the 22 positive samples (45%). Cangrelor inhibited heparin-induced aggregation by <50% in 5 of the 22 positive samples (22%) and by <10% in 3 samples (14%).

CONCLUSIONS:
This in vitro study found that cangrelor was an unreliable inhibitor of heparin-induced aggregation in the presence of anti-PF4/Hep Abs. We conclude that cangrelor should not be used as a standard antiaggregant for cardiac patients affected by HIT during surgery. Unless cangrelor’s efficacy in a particular patient has been confirmed in a presurgery aggregation test, other strategies should be chosen.
Comparison of human population receptive field estimates between scanners and the effect of temporal filtering
Authors: Morgan Catherine , Schwarzkopf D. Samuel 
Published: February 2020

Background: Population receptive field (pRF) analysis with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an increasingly popular method for mapping visual field representations and estimating the spatial selectivity of voxels in human visual cortex. However, the multitude of experimental setups and processing methods used makes comparisons of results between studies difficult. Methods: Here, we compared pRF maps acquired in the same three individuals using comparable scanning parameters on a 1.5 and a 3 Tesla scanner located in two different countries. We also tested the effect of low-pass filtering of the time series on pRF estimates. Results: As expected, the signal-to-noise ratio for the 3 Tesla data was superior; critically, however, estimates of pRF size and cortical magnification did not reveal any systematic differences between the sites. Unsurprisingly, low-pass filtering enhanced goodness-of-fit, presumably by removing high-frequency noise. However, there was no substantial increase in the number of voxels containing meaningful retinotopic signals after low-pass filtering. Importantly, filtering also increased estimates of pRF size in the early visual areas which could substantially skew interpretations of spatial tuning properties. Conclusion: Our results therefore suggest that pRF estimates are generally comparable between scanners of different field strengths, but temporal filtering should be used with caution.
How scientific research changes the Vietnamese higher education landscape: Evidence from social sciences and humanities between 2008 and 2019
Authors: Nguyen Thi-Huyen-Trang , Tran Trung , Dau The-Tung , Nguyen Thi-Song-Ha , Nguyen Thanh-Hung , Ho Manh-Toan 
Published: February 2020

Background: In the context of globalization, Vietnamese universities, whose primary function is teaching, there is a need to improve research performance. Methods: Based on SSHPA data, an exclusive database of Vietnamese social sciences and humanities researchers’ productivity, between 2008 and 2019 period, this study analyzes the research output of Vietnamese universities in the field of social sciences and humanities. Results: Vietnamese universities have been steadily producing a high volume of publications in the 2008-2019 period, with a peak of 598 articles in 2019. Moreover, many private universities and institutions are also joining the publication race, pushing competitiveness in the country. Conclusions: Solutions to improve both quantity and quality of Vietnamese universities’ research practice in the context of the industrial revolution 4.0 could be applying international criteria in Vietnamese higher education, developing scientific and critical thinking for general and STEM education, and promoting science communication.
Clinical and economic benefits of the Intellispace Portal applications CT TAVI and Spectral CT: Findings from a two-step Delphi panel
Authors: Veillet-Chowdhury Mahdi , Harvey James E. , Wang Peter S. , Panda Saswat , Connolly Mark , Mesarosh Marlene A. , Medic Goran , Beth Jiwan , Wiegand Bodo , Danrad Raman 
Published: February 2020

Background: IntelliSpace Portal (ISP) is an advanced visualization platform that offers a single integrated solution designed to help physicians work more efficiently. This study aimed to develop a consensus statement on the clinical and economic benefits of two Intellispace Portal (ISP) applications (computed tomography (CT) transcatheter aortic-valve implantation (TAVI) and Spectral CT) applications. Methods: A modified Delphi method of two rounds of queries was used in a panel of 17 experts (11 for Spectral CT and 8 for CT TAVI). The experts were identified via referral and selected to achieve a balanced representation of subject matter experts. The Delphi process was conducted online using the MESYDEL platform. Two rounds of Delphi queries were conducted between July 22 and October 14, 2019. All data was collected prospectively. Results: Areas of consensus represented contribution of ISP applications toward quadruple aim goals. Consensus was reached that the Spectral CT application led to more confident decision making, improved diagnosis capabilities leading to better treatment paths, and a better work experience. Panelists noted that they required fewer tests to make a diagnosis using Spectral CT. The majority of physicians (63%) agreed that CT TAVI led to time savings for ‘device sizing’ results, and 75% of physicians agreed that the tool resulted in a better work experience. Conclusions: The increased diagnostic confidence of spectral information could eliminate the need for many follow-up scans in patients, resulting in clinical benefit to the patient in terms of reduced exposure to radiation and economic benefit to healthcare systems in reducing the number of additional scans. The staff satisfaction goal of the quadruple aim is also satisfied by Spectral CT and CT TAVI leading to a better work experience in our panelist physicians. This may result in indirect benefits such as reduced rates of physician burnout and greater provider satisfaction.
An evaluation of a personalised text message reminder compared to a standard text message on postal questionnaire response rates: an embedded randomised controlled trial
Authors: Cochrane Ann , Welch Charlie , Fairhurst Caroline , Cockayne Sarah , Torgerson David J. ,   OTIS Study Group
Published: February 2020

Background: Research outcome data is commonly collected using postal questionnaires; however, poor response can introduce bias and reduce statistical power. Text messaging is simple, cost-effective, and can be customised to the individual. Personalised, reminder text messages may improve response rates. Methods: A two-arm, parallel group ‘Study within a Trial’ (SWAT) was embedded within the Occupational Therapist Intervention Study (OTIS), a randomised controlled trial of a home assessment for falls prevention in older people. OTIS participants who provided a mobile phone number were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive either a personalised text message (Title, Surname, plus York Trials Unit (YTU) text) or the standard YTU text alone, prior to receiving their four-month post-randomisation follow-up postal questionnaire. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of participants who returned the questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were: time to response, completeness of response, requirement of a reminder letter, and cost-effectiveness. Binary data were compared using logistic regression and time to response by Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: A total of 403 participants were randomised: 201 to the personalised text and 202 to the standard text. Of the 283 participants included in the final analysis, 278 (98.2%) returned their questionnaire; 136 (97.8%) for the personalised text versus 142 (98.6%) for the standard text (adjusted odds ratio 0.64, 95% CI 0.10 to 3.88, p=0.63). The median time to response was nine days in both groups. In total, 271 (97.5%) participants returned a complete questionnaire; 133 (97.8%) in the personalised text versus 138 (97.2%) for the standard text. In total, 21 reminder letters were sent. The additional cost of personalised text messages was £0.04 per participant retained. Conclusions: Personalised texts were not superior to standard texts in any outcome assessed in our study. Further SWATs are needed to perform a meta-analysis and obtain more evidence. Registration: ISRCTN22202133; SWAT 35.
Experimental study of the influence of pulse electrophoresis of blood plasma 0 (I) on healing of wounds and formation of normotrophic scars in laboratory animals
Authors: Terekhov G. , Chuhraeva E. , Kostylev M. , Galich S. , Savitskaya I. , Zukow W. , Kamalov R. , Knyazeva I. 
Published: February 2020

In experimental study confirmed the acceleration of wound healing and forming normotrophic scars tissue in laboratory animals using the transdermal administration of blood plasma 0 (I) by pulsed electrophoresis under the influence of an external magnetic field. It was established that the method proposed by the authors prevents the development of hypertrophic and keloid scars, and also stimulates tissue regeneration in the surgical area due to the activation of local regeneration processes.
Two-photon laser
Authors: Toschek P. E. , Nikolaus B. 
Published: February 2020

With the general n-photon interaction of atoms (molecules) and light, the energy

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What predicts productivity? Theory meets individuals
Authors: De Smet Hendrik 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBecause they involve individual-level cognitive processes, psychological explanations of linguistic phenomena are in principle testable against individual behaviour. The present study draws on patterns of individual variation in corpus data to test explanations of productivity. Linguistic patterns are predicted to become more productive with higher type frequencies and lower token frequencies. This is because the formation of abstract mental representations is encouraged by varied types but counteracted by automation of high-frequency types. The predictions are tested for English -lyand -ness-derivation, as used by 698 individual journalists in theNew York Times Annotated Corpusand 171 members of Parliament in theHansard Corpus. Linear regression is used to model individual variation in productivity, in relation to type and token frequency, as well as several other predictor variables. While the expected effects are observed, there is also robust evidence of an interaction effect between type and token frequency, indicating that productivity is highest for patterns with many types and not-too-infrequent tokens. This fits best with a view of entrenchment as both a conservative and creative force in language. Further, some variation remains irreducibly individual and is not explained by currently known predictors of productivity.
Latin learning and instruction as a research field
Authors: Adema Suzanne 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEmpirical research on the learning and instruction of Latin is still scarce. In this article, relevant research is surveyed, along with publications that report experiences of classics teachers or provide teaching suggestions. An overview is presented of where to find publications on the learning and instruction of Latin, as well as a brief introduction to several relevant research methods. The article is organized by reference to various research fields relevant to the learning and instruction of Latin. These fields are classics and Latin linguistics, second language acquisition, vocabulary acquisition and dictionary use, reading and text comprehension, translation research and pedagogy, child development and psychology.
Nanocomposite film with green synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles and hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane polymer: synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial test
Authors: Sethy Naresh Kumar , Arif Zeenat , Mishra Pradeep Kumar , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The green synthesis of nanoparticles is of considerable interest because it is eco-friendly, cost-effective, biocompatible, and non-toxic. Split pulse extract was used as a reducing/capping agent for the synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Green synthesized nanoparticles were embedded in the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane by using a solution casting technique to develop a nanocomposite. This thin film was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning probe microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and contact angle analysis. The antibacterial property of the TiO2/PDMS nanocomposite was examined, and the results showed excellent antibacterial activity of TiO2/PDMS compared to PDMS without nanoparticles. The nanocomposite film exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles in the polymer. Here, different weight percentages of TiO2 nanoparticles, i.e. 0%, 7%, 10%, and 13%, were loaded on the PDMS surface to enhance its antibacterial activity. The green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles embedded in PDMS and their suitability for antibacterial activity are reported for the first time.
Imagen social y contextos socioculturales en el discurso publicitario institucional español con fines sociales
Authors: Alcaide-Lara Esperanza R. 
Published: February 2020

Resumen
Este trabajo trata la relación entre la imagen social que las instituciones presentan, tanto de sí mismas como de los agentes sociales implicados en su discurso, y los contextos socioculturales en los que se hallan insertas creencias y premisas que intentan ser erradicadas. Nos centramos en discursos publicitarios institucionales de campañas contra la prostitución, la trata y el tráfico de personas con fines de explotación sexual. A través de ellos observamos cómo a lo largo de las diferentes campañas las instituciones han mantenido una imagen inalterada de tutelaje social y liderazgo, mientras que han hecho fluctuar la imagen de las víctimas, de los explotadores y de la ciudadanía, en aras de conseguir el éxito comunicativo y social que se espera. En este trabajo nos acercamos a este aspecto comunicativo utilizando un marco teórico-metodológico combinado: el sociopragmático y el pragmalingüístico.
El carácter antidemocrático de la Constitución de 1917: Su recepción en las entidades federativas
Authors: Muñoz José Alfredo 
Published: February 2020

La Constitución de 1917, producto de la propuesta de Venustiano Carranza, es una Constitución impuesta por las armas y no por los votos, decisión de una minoría y por ende no democrática, que obligó a los Estados de la República a la armonización de sus constituciones locales con la Federal, obteniendo poco a poco su aceptación. En el Estado Mexicano la simulación constitucional ha definido al Derecho público, ocasionando un sentimiento de comodidad y preocupación por conservarla.
La socialización jurídica, mecanismo fundamental en el proceso de construcción de la cultura de la legalidad
Authors: Martínez Pichardo Pascacio José , Hernández Oliva Alejandrina Victoria , Benítez Treviño Víctor Humberto 
Published: February 2020

En reiteradas ocasiones y en diversos espacios se ha planteado la necesidad de promover la cultura de la legalidad entre los ciudadanos, entendiéndola como un elemento esencial para el desarrollo de un auténtico Estado democrático de derecho, sin embargo, la cultura de la legalidad no surge espontáneamente ni por decreto, por el contrario, se construye en las interacciones cotidianas de los individuos. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar, desde la perspectiva de la sociología jurídica, algunos planteamientos teóricos en torno a la socialización jurídica y sus agentes —particularmente la escuela— para aproximarnos a la forma en que este mecanismo influye en la construcción de la cultura de la legalidad. Para ello, iniciamos con la revisión de las vías de conocimiento del derecho, posteriormente se analiza el proceso mediante el cual se transmite ese conocimiento y finalizamos planteando que la cultura de la legalidad se construye a través del proceso de apropiación y resignificación de los elementos del sistema jurídico proporcionados por los agentes de socialización jurídica.
Acute diabetic neuropathy following improved glycaemic control: a case series and review
Authors: Siddique N , Durcan R , Smyth S , Tun T Kyaw , Sreenan S , McDermott J H 
Published: February 2020

Summary
We present three cases of acute diabetic neuropathy and highlight a potentially underappreciated link between tightening of glycaemic control and acute neuropathies in patients with diabetes. Case 1: A 56-year-old male with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was commenced on basal-bolus insulin. He presented 6 weeks later with a diffuse painful sensory neuropathy and postural hypotension. He was diagnosed with treatment-induced neuropathy (TIN, insulin neuritis) and obtained symptomatic relief from pregabalin. Case 2: A 67-year-old male with T2DM and chronic hyperglycaemia presented with left lower limb pain, weakness and weight loss shortly after achieving target glycaemia with oral anti-hyperglycaemics. Neurological examination and neuro-electrophysiological studies suggested diabetic lumbosacral radiculo-plexus neuropathy (DLPRN, diabetic amyotrophy). Pain and weakness resolved over time. Case 3: A 58-year-old male was admitted with blurred vision diplopia and complete ptosis of the right eye, with intact pupillary reflexes, shortly after intensification of glucose-lowering treatment with an SGLT2 inhibitor as adjunct to metformin. He was diagnosed with a pupil-sparing third nerve palsy secondary to diabetic mononeuritis which improved over time. While all three acute neuropathies have been previously well described, all are rare and require a high index of clinical suspicion as they are essentially a diagnosis of exclusion. Interestingly, all three of our cases are linked by the development of acute neuropathy following a significant improvement in glycaemic control. This phenomenon is well described in TIN, but not previously highlighted in other acute neuropathies.

Learning points:

A link between acute tightening of glycaemic control and acute neuropathies has not been well described in literature.

Clinicians caring for patients with diabetes who develop otherwise unexplained neurologic symptoms following a tightening of glycaemic control should consider the possibility of an acute diabetic neuropathy.

Early recognition of these neuropathies can obviate the need for detailed and expensive investigations and allow for early institution of appropriate pain-relieving medications.
Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia confounding management of coexistent autoimmune thyroid disease
Authors: Khoo Serena , Lyons Greta , Solomon Andrew , Oddy Susan , Halsall David , Chatterjee Krishna , Moran Carla 
Published: February 2020

Summary
Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) is a cause of discordant thyroid function tests (TFTs), due to interference in free T4 assays, caused by the mutant albumin. The coexistence of thyroid disease and FDH can further complicate diagnosis and potentially result in inappropriate management. We describe a case of both Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease occurring on a background of FDH. A 42-year-old lady with longstanding autoimmune hypothyroidism was treated with thyroxine but in varying dosage, because TFTs, showing high Free T4 (FT4) and normal TSH levels, were discordant. Discontinuation of thyroxine led to marked TSH rise but with normal FT4 levels. She then developed Graves’ disease and thyroid ophthalmopathy, with markedly elevated FT4 (62.7 pmol/L), suppressed TSH (<0.03 mU/L) and positive anti-TSH receptor antibody levels. However, propylthiouracil treatment even in low dosage (100 mg daily) resulted in profound hypothyroidism (TSH: 138 mU/L; FT4: 4.8 pmol/L), prompting its discontinuation and recommencement of thyroxine. The presence of discordant thyroid hormone measurements from two different methods suggested analytical interference. Elevated circulating total T4 (TT4), (227 nmol/L; NR: 69–141) but normal thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) (19.2 µg/mL; NR: 14.0–31.0) levels, together with increased binding of patient’s serum to radiolabelled T4, suggested FDH, and ALB sequencing confirmed a causal albumin variant (R218H). This case highlights difficulty ascertaining true thyroid status in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease and coexisting FDH. Early recognition of FDH as a cause for discordant TFTs may improve patient management.

Learning points:

The typical biochemical features of familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) are (genuinely) raised total and (spuriously) raised free T4 concentrations due to enhanced binding of the mutant albumin to thyroid hormones, with normal TBG and TSH concentrations.

Given the high prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease, it is not surprising that assay interference from coexisting FDH may lead to discordant thyroid function tests confounding diagnosis and resulting in inappropriate therapy.

Discrepant thyroid hormone measurements using two different immunoassay methods should alert to the possibility of laboratory analytical interference. The diagnosis of FDH is suspected if there is a similar abnormal familial pattern of TFTs and increased binding of radiolabelled 125I-T4 to the patient’s serum, and can be confirmed by ALB gene sequencing.

When autoimmune thyroid disease coexists with FDH, TSH levels are the most reliable biochemical marker of thyroid status. Measurement of FT4 using equilibrium dialysis or ultrafiltration are more reliable but less readily available.