bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Ramsey-type results for comparability graphs
Authors: Korándi Dániel , Tomon István 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSeveral discrete geometry problems are equivalent to estimating the size of the largest homogeneous sets in graphs that happen to be the union of few comparability graphs. An important observation for such results is that if G is an n-vertex graph that is the union of r comparability (or more generally, perfect) graphs, then either G or its complement contains a clique of size
$n^{1/(r+1)}$
.This bound is known to be tight for
$r=1$
. The question whether it is optimal for
$r\ge 2$
was studied by Dumitrescu and Tóth. We prove that it is essentially best possible for
$r=2$
, as well: we introduce a probabilistic construction of two comparability graphs on n vertices, whose union contains no clique or independent set of size
$n^{1/3+o(1)}$
.Using similar ideas, we can also construct a graph G that is the union of r comparability graphs, and neither G nor its complement contain a complete bipartite graph with parts of size
$cn/{(log n)^r}$
. With this, we improve a result of Fox and Pach.
Study protocol on Enhanced Primary Healthcare (EnPHC) interventions: a quasi-experimental controlled study on diabetes and hypertension management in primary healthcare clinics
Authors: Sivasampu Sheamini , Teh Xin Rou , Lim Yvonne Mei Fong , Ong Su Miin , Ang Swee Hung , Husin Masliyana , Khamis Noraziani , Jaafar Faeiz Syezri Adzmin , Wong Wen Jun , Shanmugam Sunita , Ismail Siti Aminah , Pang Sarah Hui Li , Nasir Nazrila Hairizan , Ismail Mohd Safiee , Kusuma Dian , Ross-Degnan Dennis , Atun Rifat 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Aim:
This paper describes the study protocol, which aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention package called ‘Enhanced Primary Healthcare’ (EnPHC) on the process of care and intermediate clinical outcomes among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. Other outcome measures include patients’ experience and healthcare providers’ job satisfaction.

Background:
In 2014, almost two-thirds of Malaysia’s adult population aged 18 years or older had T2DM, hypertension or hypercholesterolaemia. An analysis of health system performance from 2016 to 2018 revealed that the control and management of diabetes and hypertension in Malaysia was suboptimal with almost half of the patients not diagnosed and just one-quarter of patients with diabetes appropriately treated. EnPHC framework aims to improve diagnosis and effective management of T2DM, hypertension or hypercholesterolaemia and their risk factors by increasing prevention, optimising management and improving surveillance of diagnosed patients.

Methods:
This is a quasi-experimental controlled study which involves 20 intervention and 20 control clinics in two different states in Malaysia, namely Johor and Selangor. The clinics in the two states were matched and randomly allocated to ‘intervention’ and ‘control’ arms. The EnPHC framework targets different levels from community to primary healthcare clinics and integrated referral networks.
Data are collected via a retrospective chart review (RCR), patient exit survey, healthcare provider survey and an intervention checklist. The data collected are entered into tablet computers which have installed in them an offline survey application. Interrupted time series and difference-in-differences (DiD) analyses will be conducted to report outcomes.
Introducing the Electronic Database of Investment Treaties (EDIT): The Genesis of a New Database and Its Use
Authors: Alschner Wolfgang , Elsig Manfred , Polanco Rodrigo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article introduces a novel database on investment treaties called the Electronic Database of Investment Treaties (EDIT). We describe the genesis of the database and what makes EDIT the most comprehensive and systematic database to date. What stands out besides the coverage is that treaties are all provided in one single language (English) and in one single format that is machine-readable. In the second part of the article, we provide selected illustrations on how the data can be used to address research questions in international law, international political economy, and international relations by applying text-as-data methods and by extracting and visualizing data based on EDIT.
Introduction to the symposium. The concept of protean power: change we can believe in?
Authors: Hymans Jacques E. C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis introductory article to the symposium first presents and then critiques the protean power concept of the Katzenstein and Seybert volume. Although the volume underestimates the value of rational choice models to explain some cases of protean power, it rightly demonstrates that our conventional theoretical toolkit insufficiently anticipates many such disruptions. Drawing on the examples of post-World War I veterans' movements and India's 1998 decision to test nuclear weapons, I argue that the protean power research agenda should focus on the reciprocal relationship between radical uncertainty and psychological and behavioral rigidity.
Seeking sanctuary: rethinking asylum and mental health
Authors: Jannesari Sohail , Hatch Stephani , Oram Siân 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Forced migrants are at an increased risk of mental disorder compared to host country populations. To effectively address this, programmatic and policy responses need to be underpinned by rigorous evidence. Drawing on our experience conducting a systematic review of post-migration risk factors for mental disorder among asylum seekers and our appraisal of related systematic reviews, this paper discusses four challenges facing the field:

(1)
The reliance on Western conceptions of mental health.

(2)
The investigation, to date, of a relatively narrow range of potential risk factors.

(3)
The lack of consistency in the measurement and reporting of risk factor variables.

(4)
The use of the legal term ‘asylum seeker’ to define study populations.

We suggest potential ways forward, including using mental health measures developed in collaboration with communities affected by forced migration, the examination of key risk factors around homelessness and workers' rights, the development of a core set of risk factors to be investigated in each study, and defining study populations using the conceptual category of ‘sanctuary seekers’ – people who have fled their country and are asking another country for safety and residence.
Performance Evaluation of a Subseasonal to Seasonal Model in Predicting Rainfall Onset Over West Africa
Authors: Kumi Naomi , Abiodun Babatunde J. , Adefisan Elijah A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe present study evaluates the performance of a Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) model (called The China Meteorological Administration) in simulating rainfall onset dates (RODs) over West Africa. Using two ROD definitions, we compared the model's ROD at six lead‐time forecasts (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days) with the observed ROD from satellite data sets, statistically quantified the model's capability to reproduce the interannual variability of RODs over the climatological zones in the subcontinent, and investigated how well the model links RODs with the dynamics of monsoon system over the subregion. The results show that the mean RODs follow a latitudinal progression and the dates increases northward from the coast. The performance of the S2S model in reproducing RODs largely depends on the definition used. For instance, the ability of the model to replicate the observed spatial pattern of RODs and all the essential features over the three zones in West Africa is stronger with DEF1 than DEF2. Regardless of the ROD definition used, the 20‐ to 60‐day forecasts produced more realistic simulation than the 10‐day forecast. We also found that the performance of the model in reproducing the interannual variability of RODs depends on the zones (Guinea, Savanna, and Sahel). Moreover, the model could reproduce the three main phases of the West African Monsoon (the onset, the peak, and the southward retreat of rainfall) and other dynamics. The results of the study have application in improving S2S forecasting over West Africa.
Deep Geological Structures Associated With Terrestrial Volcanic Hydrothermal Metallogenic System: Evidence From Geophysical Survey in Taohemu Superlarge Silver‐Polymetallic Deposit, Inner Mongolia
Authors: An Zhiguo , Di Qingyun , Wang Zhongxing , Fu Changmin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTaohemu deposit is a superlarge silver‐polymetallic deposit discovered in the Great Xing'an Range metallogenic belt of China in recent years. The deposit occurs in the terrestrial volcanic rock sequences of Late Jurassic age. The ore bodies consist mainly of rhyolitic tuffs, brecciated tuffs, and volcanic breccia bearing Ag‐Pb‐Zn mineralization, and are largely conformable with the surrounding layered volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks with a gradual transitional relationship manifesting as strata‐bounded features in general. The mineralization system appears to be generally controlled by a paleo‐volcanic chamber. It is suggested that the late volcanic hydrothermal fluids flowed within the permeable layers of rhyolitic pyroclastics consisting mainly of volcanic breccias and breccia‐bearing tuffs. This resulted in the formation of superlarge Ag‐Pb‐Zn polymetallic ore deposit metasomatism and fracture filling. The majority of the deposit occurs as shallowly dipping concealed ore bodies, as defined by sparsely distributed drill holes. Because of its short discovery history, new mineralization style and low degree of comprehensive research, the boundaries of most ore bodies have not been effectively delineated along vertical and lateral extensions. At present, it is crucial to strengthen the comprehensive studies on the deposit, conduct more detailed geological exploration, and establish the metallogenic and prospecting models. For this reason, we have designed and implemented long sections of magnetotelluric (MT) and controlled‐source audio magnetotelluric (CSAMT) sounding across the Taohemu ore field and obtained a large number of geological structures and valuable underground exploration results that provided reliable geophysical support for promoting deep resource exploration.
Heat Transfer in Unfrozen and Frozen Porous Media: Experimental Measurement and Pore‐Scale Modeling
Authors: Vasheghani Farahani Mehrdad , Hassanpouryouzband Aliakbar , Yang Jinhai , Tohidi Bahman 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, we conducted a mechanistic study on pore‐scale mechanisms controlling heat transfer in partially saturated porous media at unfrozen and frozen conditions. Experimental measurement of effective thermal conductivity (ETC) of simulated partially saturated sediments was carried out to explore the effect of different parameters including pore and overburden pressures, temperature, and water/ice saturation on the pore‐scale mechanisms governing heat transfer in multiphase porous media. The experimental measurements show that the heat transfer is a complex phenomenon affected by several important pore‐scale mechanisms such as particle‐particle conduction and particle‐fluid‐particle conduction, which are governed by water content and distribution, packing structure, wettability characteristics of grains, coordination number, and physical contact among sediment particle. A numerical model was also developed for prediction of ETC using free‐energy lattice Boltzmann model and a space renormalization method. The model predictions were in good agreement with the experimental data, showing that the model is able to reliably estimate ETC with average relative deviations of less than 10%, as it appropriately incorporates the pore‐scale mechanisms influencing ETC. The numerical model predictions were also compared with those of six predictive models available in the literature, and root‐mean‐square errors were calculated to assess its accuracy against the existing models.
Integration of Behavioral Health Services and Adolescent Depression Screening in Primary Care
Authors: Buchanan Gretchen J. R. , Monkman Jeyn , Piehler Timothy F. , August Gerald J. 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Adolescent depression is a serious behavioral health concern often seen in primary care clinics. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between successful implementation of integrated behavioral health (IBH) services in primary care settings and clinics’ rates of screening adolescents for depression. Method: We examined clinic-level data, with screening rates obtained from a statewide reporting agency and IBH data obtained through an implementation collaborative. Using the Site Self-Assessment, we first examined global IBH integration using a simple regression, then examined specific components of integration using 2 multiple regressions. Results: While an overall level of behavioral health integration was not significantly related to screening rates, several specific components were. These included positive relationships of adolescent depression screening rates with evidence-based practice and provider/staff integrated care training; and negative relationships of adolescent depression screening rates with funding access and integration, organizational leadership for integrated care, and linking to community resources. Conclusions: Clinical implications include the importance of training providers and staff in behavioral health care and regular use and reinforcement of evidence-based practices to facilitate adolescent depression screening. In addition, clinic personnel may perceive less support for IBH implementation from organizational leadership and less financial integration between behavioral and medical services, when clinics have high screening rates. While more research is needed to examine this unexpected finding, it may be that in clinics with high screening rates a culture of valuing behavioral health care leads to a desire for more organizational support for IBH. Implications for Impact Statement This study found that there were different valance relationships between components of integrated behavioral health and adolescent depression screening rates. It is therefore important to consider the nuance of integrated behavioral health implementation and practice, and how it may impact the organization and patients. More research is needed to understand the results.
Controllable broadband multicolour single-mode polarized laser in a dye-assembled homoepitaxial MOF microcrystal
Authors: He Huajun , Cui Yuanjing , Li Hongjun , Shao Kai , Chen Banglin , Qian Guodong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMulticolour single-mode polarized microlasers with visible to near-infrared output have very important applications in photonic integration and multimodal biochemical sensing/imaging but are very difficult to realize. Here, we demonstrate a single crystal with multiple segments based on the host-guest metal-organic framework ZJU-68 hierarchically hybridized with different dye molecules generating controllable single-mode green, red, and near-infrared lasing, with the lasing mode mechanism revealed by computational simulation. The segmented and oriented assembly of different dye molecules within the ZJU-68 microcrystal causes it to act as a shortened resonator, enabling us to achieve dynamically controllable multicolour single-mode lasing with a low three-colour-lasing threshold of ~1.72 mJ/cm2 (approximately seven times lower than that of state-of-the-art designed heterostructure alloys, as reported by Fan F et al. (Nat. Nanotechnol. 10:796–803, 2015) considering the single pulse energy density) and degree of polarization >99.9%. Furthermore, the resulting three-colour single-mode lasing possesses the largest wavelength coverage of ~186 nm (ranging from ~534 to ~720 nm) ever reported. These findings may open a new route to the exploitation of multicolour single-mode micro/nanolasers constructed by MOF engineering for photonic and biochemical applications.
Targeting PD-L1 in non-small cell lung cancer using CAR T cells
Authors: Liu Ming , Wang Xu , Li Wei , Yu Xinfang , Flores-Villanueva Pedro , Xu-Monette Zijun Y. , Li Ling , Zhang Mingzhi , Young Ken H. , Ma Xiaodong , Li Yong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAntibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) have dramatically changed the landscape of therapies for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC); however, the majority of patients do not respond to these agents. In addition, hyperprogressive disease (HPD) develops in a larger portion of NSCLC patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors than in patients treated with standard chemotherapy. The use of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has been successful to treat blood cancers but not for solid tumors like NSCLC. In this work, we constructed CAR T cells that target PD-L1 and evaluated their efficacy in NSCLC with either high or low PD-L1 expression. PD-L1-CAR T cells exhibited antigen-specific activation, cytokine production, and cytotoxic activity against PD-L1high NSCLC cells and xenograft tumors. Furthermore, the addition of a subtherapeutic dose of local radiotherapy improved the efficacy of PD-L1-CAR T cells against PD-L1low NSCLC cells and tumors. Our findings indicate that PD-L1-CAR T cells represent a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with PD-L1-positive NSCLC, particularly for those who are susceptible to HPD.
Understanding the diversity of the metal-organic framework ecosystem
Authors: Moosavi Seyed Mohamad , Nandy Aditya , Jablonka Kevin Maik , Ongari Daniele , Janet Jon Paul , Boyd Peter G. , Lee Yongjin , Smit Berend , Kulik Heather J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMillions of distinct metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be made by combining metal nodes and organic linkers. At present, over 90,000 MOFs have been synthesized and over 500,000 predicted. This raises the question whether a new experimental or predicted structure adds new information. For MOF chemists, the chemical design space is a combination of pore geometry, metal nodes, organic linkers, and functional groups, but at present we do not have a formalism to quantify optimal coverage of chemical design space. In this work, we develop a machine learning method to quantify similarities of MOFs to analyse their chemical diversity. This diversity analysis identifies biases in the databases, and we show that such bias can lead to incorrect conclusions. The developed formalism in this study provides a simple and practical guideline to see whether new structures will have the potential for new insights, or constitute a relatively small variation of existing structures.
Development of light-responsive protein binding in the monobody non-immunoglobulin scaffold
Authors: Carrasco-López César , Zhao Evan M. , Gil Agnieszka A. , Alam Nathan , Toettcher Jared E. , Avalos José L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMonobodies are synthetic non-immunoglobulin customizable protein binders invaluable to basic and applied research, and of considerable potential as future therapeutics and diagnostic tools. The ability to reversibly control their binding activity to their targets on demand would significantly expand their applications in biotechnology, medicine, and research. Here we present, as proof-of-principle, the development of a light-controlled monobody (OptoMB) that works in vitro and in cells and whose affinity for its SH2-domain target exhibits a 330-fold shift in binding affinity upon illumination. We demonstrate that our αSH2-OptoMB can be used to purify SH2-tagged proteins directly from crude E. coli extract, achieving 99.8% purity and over 40% yield in a single purification step. By virtue of their ability to be designed to bind any protein of interest, OptoMBs have the potential to find new powerful applications as light-switchable binders of untagged proteins with the temporal and spatial precision afforded by light.
Ybx1 fine-tunes PRC2 activities to control embryonic brain development
Authors: Evans Myron K. , Matsui Yurika , Xu Beisi , Willis Catherine , Loome Jennifer , Milburn Luis , Fan Yiping , Pagala Vishwajeeth , Peng Jamy C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChromatin modifiers affect spatiotemporal gene expression programs that underlie organismal development. The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a crucial chromatin modifier in executing neurodevelopmental programs. Here, we find that PRC2 interacts with the nucleic acid–binding protein Ybx1. In the mouse embryo in vivo, Ybx1 is required for forebrain specification and restricting mid-hindbrain growth. In neural progenitor cells (NPCs), Ybx1 controls self-renewal and neuronal differentiation. Mechanistically, Ybx1 highly overlaps PRC2 binding genome-wide, controls PRC2 distribution, and inhibits H3K27me3 levels. These functions are consistent with Ybx1-mediated promotion of genes involved in forebrain specification, cell proliferation, or neuronal differentiation. In Ybx1-knockout NPCs, H3K27me3 reduction by PRC2 enzymatic inhibitor or genetic depletion partially rescues gene expression and NPC functions. Our findings suggest that Ybx1 fine-tunes PRC2 activities to regulate spatiotemporal gene expression in embryonic neural development and uncover a crucial epigenetic mechanism balancing forebrain–hindbrain lineages and self-renewal–differentiation choices in NPCs.
Elucidating the fundamental fibrotic processes driving abdominal adhesion formation
Authors: Foster Deshka S. , Marshall Clement D. , Gulati Gunsagar S. , Chinta Malini S. , Nguyen Alan , Salhotra Ankit , Jones R. Ellen , Burcham Austin , Lerbs Tristan , Cui Lu , King Megan E. , Titan Ashley L. , Ransom R. Chase , Manjunath Anoop , Hu Michael S. , Blackshear Charles P. , Mascharak Shamik , Moore Alessandra L. , Norton Jeffrey A. , Kin Cindy J. , Shelton Andrew A. , Januszyk Michael , Gurtner Geoffrey C. , Wernig Gerlinde , Longaker Michael T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAdhesions are fibrotic scars that form between abdominal organs following surgery or infection, and may cause bowel obstruction, chronic pain, or infertility. Our understanding of adhesion biology is limited, which explains the paucity of anti-adhesion treatments. Here we present a systematic analysis of mouse and human adhesion tissues. First, we show that adhesions derive primarily from the visceral peritoneum, consistent with our clinical experience that adhesions form primarily following laparotomy rather than laparoscopy. Second, adhesions are formed by poly-clonal proliferating tissue-resident fibroblasts. Third, using single cell RNA-sequencing, we identify heterogeneity among adhesion fibroblasts, which is more pronounced at early timepoints. Fourth, JUN promotes adhesion formation and results in upregulation of PDGFRA expression. With JUN suppression, adhesion formation is diminished. Our findings support JUN as a therapeutic target to prevent adhesions. An anti-JUN therapy that could be applied intra-operatively to prevent adhesion formation could dramatically improve the lives of surgical patients.
A high-throughput neutralizing antibody assay for COVID-19 diagnosis and vaccine evaluation
Authors: Muruato Antonio E. , Fontes-Garfias Camila R. , Ren Ping , Garcia-Blanco Mariano A. , Menachery Vineet D. , Xie Xuping , Shi Pei-Yong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVirus neutralization remains the gold standard for determining antibody efficacy. Therefore, a high-throughput assay to measure SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies is urgently needed for COVID-19 serodiagnosis, convalescent plasma therapy, and vaccine development. Here, we report on a fluorescence-based SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay that detects SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in COVID-19 patient specimens and yields comparable results to plaque reduction neutralizing assay, the gold standard of serological testing. The fluorescence-based neutralization assay is specific to measure COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies without cross reacting with patient specimens with other viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections. Collectively, our approach offers a rapid platform that can be scaled to screen people for antibody protection from COVID-19, a key parameter necessary to safely reopen local communities.