bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tasmannia lanceolata leaf extract alleviates stretch mark appearance in a randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial in women and stimulates extracellular matrix synthesis in ex vivo human skin explants
Authors: Gaillard Emmanuelle , Boisnic Sylvie , Branchet Marie‐Christine , Lamour Irène , Keophiphath Mayoura 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe leaves of Tasmannia lanceolata mainly contain polygodial that is known to exhibit a range of biological functions including anti‐inflammatory effects.AimsThese studies aimed to assess the effects of Tasmannia lanceolata extract (TLE) on skin and more particularly on stretch marks in women.Patients/MethodsA double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical study was carried out on 29 women, aged from 25 to 60 years, to investigate the effects of TLE on stabilized stretch marks. TLE and placebo products were topically applied daily for 8 weeks. Skin roughness and firmness of stretch marks were assessed by 2D and 3D photograph processing and analyses. Dermal density and thickness were evaluated using ultrasound, while stretch mark conditions (length, color, and depth) were determined by clinical scoring. Matricial proteins (pro‐collagen I and elastin) and pro‐matricial factors, like TGF‐β concentrations, were quantified from cultures of human skin explants presenting stretch marks, treated with TLE or vehicle control.ResultsSkin roughness of stretch marks was significantly reduced in the TLE group after 8 weeks of treatment. Skin firmness of stretch marks was significantly increased in the TLE group after 4 weeks of treatment, and this improved effect was maintained until the end of the study. Dermal density and thickness were significantly increased in the TLE group compared to the placebo group. Furthermore, TLE restored the dermal condition of the stretch mark skin, up to normal skin levels. In addition, pro‐collagen I and elastin concentrations were found to be higher in the TLE‐treated stretch mark skin explants compared to the untreated ones, associated with higher quantities of TGF‐β production.ConclusionThese results revealed that TLE could help improve the aspect of stabilized stretch marks in women by restoring the matricial environment.
Is the Fixed Mandibular 3‐Implant Retained Prosthesis Safe and Predicable for Full‐Arch Mandibular Prostheses? A Systematic Review
Authors: Brandão Thais Bianca , Vechiato‐Filho Aljomar José , Vedovato Eurípedes , Silva Lorena Scaioni , dos Santos Silva Alan Roger , Brito e Dias Reinaldo , de Souza Batista Victor Eduardo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate implant and prosthetic survival rates of full‐arch rehabilitations retained by three implants in patients with edentulous mandibles.Materials and MethodsThis systematic review was developed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement. The focused question was: Are fixed mandibular 3‐implant retained prostheses safe and predicable for full‐arch mandibular prostheses? The Medline/PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were used to conduct the systematic search for clinical trials on fixed mandibular 3‐implant retained prostheses published between 1999 and 2020. Only English‐language studies that presented information on implant and prosthetic survival were included.ResultsA total of 302 studies were identified, of which 13 addressed the inclusion criteria. Additionally, 574 participants were included in these studies. As reported, 73 (4.57%) of 1596 implants failed, with a survival rate of 95.43%. In addition, the mean survival rate of the presented prostheses was 89.66%. The mean marginal bone loss was 1.09 mm.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the present review, implant and prosthetic survival rates of fixed mandibular 3‐implant retained prostheses were similar to those of full‐arch mandibular prostheses retained by four or more implants. Further research exploring the topic is necessary.
Relationship between sleep efficacy endpoints and measures of functional status and health‐related quality of life in participants with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea treated for excessive daytime sleepiness
Authors: Weaver Terri E. , Mathias Susan D. , Crosby Ross D. , Bron Morgan , Bujanover Shay , Menno Diane , Villa Kathleen F. , Drake Christopher 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study examined the correlation between improvements in excessive daytime sleepiness in participants with obstructive sleep apnea or narcolepsy and changes in functional status, work productivity and health‐related quality of life. Data from two 12‐week randomized controlled trials of solriamfetol were analyzed. Participants completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, 10‐item Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire and 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey and performed the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test at baseline and weeks 4, 8 and 12. Patient Global Impression of Change was assessed at weeks 4, 8 and 12. Pearson correlations were calculated for change in scores from baseline to week 12. For both studies, changes in the 10‐item Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire were highly correlated (absolute value >0.5) with changes in Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores; changes in multiple domain scores of the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire were moderately correlated (0.3–0.5) with changes in Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores in both studies and highly correlated for participants with narcolepsy. Changes in Maintenance of Wakefulness Test scores correlated moderately with changes in Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores in both studies. At week 12, Patient Global Impression of Change ratings correlated highly with Epworth Sleepiness Scale and 10‐item Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire scores for both disorders. Other correlations were low. Self‐reported assessments of sleepiness and global improvement appear to be more strongly correlated with measures of functioning and health‐related quality of life than objectively assessed sleepiness.
Time will tell: Object categorization and emotional engagement during processing of degraded natural scenes
Authors: Codispoti Maurizio , Micucci Antonia , De Cesarei Andrea 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between object categorization in natural scenes and the engagement of cortico‐limbic appetitive and defensive systems (emotional engagement) by manipulating both the bottom‐up information and the top‐down context. Concerning the bottom‐up information, we manipulated the computational load by scrambling the phase of the spatial frequency spectrum, and asked participants to classify natural scenes as containing an animal or a person. The role of the top‐down context was assessed by comparing an incremental condition, in which pictures were progressively revealed, to a condition in which no probabilistic relationship existed between each stimulus and the following one. In two experiments, the categorization and response to emotional and neutral scenes were similarly modulated by the computational load. The Late Positive Potential (LPP) was affected by the emotional content of the scenes, and by categorization accuracy. When the phase of the spatial frequency spectrum was scrambled by a large amount (>58%), chance categorization resulted, and affective LPP modulation was eliminated. With less degraded scenes, categorization accuracy was higher (.82 in Experiment 1, .86 in Experiment 2) and affective modulation of the LPP was observed at a late window (>800 ms), indicating that it is possible to delay the time of engagement of the motivational systems which are responsible for the LPP affective modulation. The present data strongly support the view that semantic analysis of visual scenes, operationalized here as object categorization, is a necessary condition for emotional engagement at the electrocortical level (LPP).
Social media as public journalism? Protest reporting in the digital era
Authors: Pearce Susan C. , Rodgers Jaylen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article reviews recent research on social media platforms as outlets of street protest reporting by activists, posing the question of whether such outlets constitute a cultural source for protest movements. Given the “many‐to‐many” dynamic that alternative journalism via social media offers in contrast to the “one‐to‐many” approach of traditional media, there are implications for incursions into more democratic, participatory cultures and structures. Existing literature indicates that user‐generated content via social media potentially is known to supplant traditional journalism in protest situations due to advantages such as first‐hand access. Further, research demonstrates that activist reporting supplements and integrates with traditional journalism, and that interdependence develops. We also review the boundary conditions that constrain the use of social‐media platforms for protest reporting.
Selecting Constitutional Judges Randomly
Authors: Vandamme Pierre‐Étienne , Bello Hutt Donald 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article discusses from the perspective of democratic theory an innovative proposal for the selection of constitutional, supreme court, or federal judges that aims at combining the values of expertise and political independence. It consists in combining a certification process – selecting a pool of properly qualified candidates – with a random selection among this pool. We argue that such selection procedure would better respect the separation of powers and the specific legitimacy of courts, and we champion this two‐stage mechanism vis‐à‐vis other, more traditionally employed, selection procedures. We then deal with a diversity of objections to our proposal and conclude by taking stock of both its virtues and limitations.
NITROGEN RESPONSE DEFICIENCY 1‐mediated CHL1 induction contributes to optimized growth performance during altered nitrate availability in Arabidopsis
Authors: Lee Won J. , Truong Hai A. , Trịnh Cao S. , Kim Jun H. , Lee Seokjin , Hong Suk‐Whan , Lee Hojoung 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYPlants cannot fix nitrogen directly; they must absorb it from the soil through their roots, or in rare cases, form associations with nitrogen‐fixing bacteria. The efficiency of nitrogen use in most domesticated crops is low, and more than half of the available nitrogen in the soil can leach into the environment. Understanding the nitrogen signaling pathways is essential for maximizing the efficiency of nitrogen use in crops. In the present study, we characterized the Myeloblastosis (Myb)‐like gene NITROGEN RESPONSE DEFICIENCY 1 (NID1). We observed that the growth performance of nid1 knockout (KO) mutant Arabidopsis plants was better than that of wild‐type Col‐0 plants under very low‐nitrate conditions, leading to improved growth performance in the nid1 KO plants. The results of chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assays indicated that NID1 binds to the promoter of the NITRATE TRANSPORTER (NRT)1.1 gene. Furthermore, nid1 KO plants exhibited similar growth performance to the nid1 KO/chl1‐5 (nrt1.1 KO) double mutant and chl1‐5 (nrt1.1 KO) plants in response to low‐nitrate conditions. We suggest that NID1 plays a crucial role as a transcription factor in optimizing plant growth by modulating the transcript abundance of the nitrate transceptor CHL1, leading to enhanced ABA accumulation in low‐nitrate conditions.
Activation tagging identifies Arabidopsis transcription factor AtMYB68 for heat and drought tolerance at yield determining reproductive stages
Authors: Deng Mingde , Wang Yang , Kuzma Monika , Chalifoux Maryse , Tremblay Linda , Yang Shujun , Ying Jifeng , Sample Angela , Wang Hung‐Mei , Griffiths Rebecca , Uchacz Tina , Tang Xurong , Tian Gang , Joslin Katelyn , Dennis David , McCourt Peter , Huang Yafan , Wan Jiangxin 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYHeat stress occurring at reproductive stages can result in significant and permanent damage to crop yields. However, previous genetic studies in understanding heat stress response and signaling were performed mostly on seedling and plants at early vegetative stages. Here we identify, using a developmentally defined, gain‐of‐function genetic screen with approximately 18 000Arabidopsis thalianaactivation‐tagged lines, a mutant that maintained productive seed set post‐severe heat stress during flowering. Genome walking indicated this phenotype was caused by the insertion of 35S enhancers adjacent to a nuclear localized transcription factor AtMYB68. Subsequent overexpression analysis confirmed thatAtMYB68was responsible for the reproductive heat tolerance of the mutant. Furthermore, these transgenic Arabidopsis plants exhibited enhanced abscisic acid sensitivity at and post‐germination, reduced transpirational water loss during a drought treatment, and enhanced seed yield under combined heat and drought stress during flowering. Ectopic expression ofAtMYB68inBrassica napusdriven either by 35S or by heat‐inducible promoter recapitulated the enhanced reproductive heat stress and drought tolerance phenotypes observed in the transgenic Arabidopsis. The improvement to heat stress is likely due to enhanced pollen viability observed in the transgenic plants. More importantly, the transgenic canola showed significant yield advantages over the non‐transgenic controls in multiple locations, multiple season field trials under various drought and heat stress conditions. Together these results suggest thatAtMYB68regulate plant stress tolerance at the most important yield determining stage of plant development, and is an effective target for crop yield protection under current global climate volatility.
Reducing the Incidence of Amiodarone‐related Phlebitis Through Utilization of Evidence‐based Practice
Authors: Murphy Kristie , Murphy Jane , Fischer‐Cartlidge Erica 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous (IV) amiodarone has multiple indications including treatment of hemodynamically unstable patients and the prevention of atrial or ventricular arrhythmias after thoracic surgery. Inflammation of the vein, or phlebitis, is the most common adverse event associated with peripherally administered amiodarone. In 2017, a rise in reported phlebitis incidents was occurring at one large academic medical center.AimThis evidence‐based quality improvement initiative aimed to decrease and enhance early detection of phlebitis in patients receiving amiodarone.MethodsDue to the variation in assessment and management standards, evidence‐based practice (EBP) methodology was utilized to establish a process for quality improvement. A thorough literature search was completed, identifying evidence‐based interventions to decrease phlebitis and enhance early detection. Thorough critiques of the literature and synthesis of the evidence were completed. Multidisciplinary guidelines based on the literature were created. The guidelines included interventions such as an increase in IV assessment frequency, vein selection criteria, and the utilization of a standardized grading tool for assessment.ResultsPhlebitis was reduced by 30%–88%. In the first 6 months post‐intervention, there was a 48% reduction in phlebitis cases. In addition, the severity of phlebitis and the quality of reporting also improved dramatically.Linking Evidence to ActionThis evidence‐based quality improvement process led to identifying relevant knowledge gaps in care that could be streamlined into everyday nursing practice to decrease patient harm. This paper describes an in‐depth process of how EBP helped to quickly take a clinical inquiry and adapt change based on findings from the evidence. Other organizations can utilize EBP to solve patient safety concerns using similar processes.
Experimental Frequency-Domain Vibration Based Fault Diagnosis of Roller Element Bearings Using Support Vector Machine
Authors: Salunkhe Vishal G. , Desavale R. G. , Jagadeesha T. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In heavy rotating machines and assembly lines, bearing failure in any one of them may result in shut down and affects the overall cost and quality of the product. Condition monitoring of bearing systems avoids breakdown and saves time and cost of preventive and corrective maintenance. This research paper proposes advanced fault detection strategies for taper rolling bearings. In this, a mathematical model using dimension analysis by matrix method (DAMM) and support vector machine (SVM) is developed to predict the vibration characteristic of the rotor-bearing system. Various types of defects created using an electric discharge machine (EDM) are analyzed by correlating dependent and independent parameters. Experiments were performed to classify the rotor dynamic characteristic of the bearings and validated the models developed using DAMM and SVM. Results showed the potential of DA and SVM to predict the dynamic response and contribute to the service life extension, efficiency improvement, and reduce failure of bearings. Thus, the automatic online diagnosis of bearing faults is possible with a developed model-based by DAMM and SVM.
Pulp and Paper Mill Steady State Analysis for Carbon Neutral Integration of a Small Modular Reactor
Authors: Worsham Elizabeth K. , Terry Stephen D. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Small modular reactors (SMRs) are small-scale reactor designs (&lt; 300 MWe), generally planned for deployment as multi-module nuclear power plants. Due to their small size, SMR modules could be manufactured in a factory and deployed to a site via truck or rail for installation and fueling. SMRs are being evaluated for their ability to provide both power and steam, such that they could be a viable replacement for fossil fuels. SMRs have been considered for coupling to manufacturing processes in addition to being connected to the grid, allowing them to follow the net grid demand in a “load following” operational mode during times of high renewable generation. Alternately, SMRs could be used to replace cogeneration and combined-cycle processes at manufacturing plants which utilize natural gas and other fossil fuels. Idaho National Laboratory (INL) is studying the use of SMRs for large-scale manufacturing processes that require both electricity and steam. The current study examines the integration of a SMR with two mid-size pulp and paper mills in the southeastern United States. The study consists of three parts: steady-state analysis of the mill, elimination of fossil fuel use in the lime kilns, and economic analysis of the modified plant operations. A steady-state model of each mill is developed in Aspen HYSIS based on real data from the operation of each mill. The steady-state model is then modified to include the SMR while maintaining production steam quality and making as few changes to existing equipment as possible. This model gives an estimate of the minimum requirements for SMR output, as well as the change in generation by existing boilers and turbines. With an overall picture of the new plant operation and determining the number of SMR modules required, further changes are suggested to minimize or completely eliminate fossil fuel use from the plant. Apart from steam generation, the largest consumer of fossil fuels at the plant is typically the lime kilns. Conversion of the lime kilns from fossil fuel combustion to electric heating is the most feasible solution to eliminate fossil fuels. This study finds that electric lime kilns are economical when the plant has a surplus This study presents a feasible example of using an SMR as a substitute for fossil fuel cogeneration. If this approach were expanded across the manufacturing industry, it would have a significant impact on environmental emissions and air quality.
Thermal Performance With Entropy Generation Analysis of Fluid Flow in a Heat Exchanger Pipe With Single and Double Strip Helical Screw Tape Inserts
Authors: Chaurasia Shashank Ranjan , Sarviya R. M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In heat exchangers, twisted tape insert is a technique to enhance heat transfer. In this paper, the experimental investigation is arranged to analyse thermal performance and entropy generation analysis on fluid flow in helical screw inserts with number of strips. The Nusselt number is achieved enhancement with double strip as compared to single strip helical screw inserts at decreased values of twist ratio and increased values of flow rates. The Nusselt number is achieved maximum enhancement of 112% with double strip helical screw insert than plain tube at 4000 of Reynolds number, whereas it is found higher value at Reynolds number of 16000. The common correlations of Nusselt number and friction factor with repect of Reynolds number, number of the strips and twist ratio are generated. The entropy generation analysis is also performed. The thermal performance factor is found increment with double strip than single strip helical screw inserts at twist ratio of 2.5 and 3, whereas, it is attained maximum value of 1.5 at twist ratio 2.5 and Reynolds number of 16000 with double strip helical screw insert. The double strip helical screw inserts are suitable for reducing the size of heat exchanger, which could dercrease the size of many thermal applications as solar water heater, radiator, electronic cooling systems.
Characterization of Precipitates and Formed Oxides in Fatigue Crack of Alloy 617 in a Steam Environment at 750°C
Authors: Yoshida Masumi , Araki Kosuke , Takeda Yoichi , Nakano Susumu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Alloy 617 is a Ni-base superalloy and is a candidate material for high temperature steam piping systems and casings for advanced ultra-supercritical power generation technology because of its excellent high temperature creep strength. It is expected in the near future that the installation of variable renewable energies with large output fluctuations will increase. Therefore, adjusting the supply and demand of electricity is requested for thermal power generation. This leads to the issue of fatigue damage caused by repeated thermal stress due to the startup and shutdown procedures.
It was reported that the fatigue crack growth of alloy 617 changed from transgranular to intergranular at 750°C, with a decreasing loading frequency in a steam environment. It was also indicated that the increase in the crack growth rate in lower loading frequency conditions; however, the specific acceleration mechanism governing the crack growth has not been elucidated.
In this study, morphology of oxide and precipitates at fatigue crack tip region were analyzed by transmission electron microscope. All of examined crack tip were filled with oxides. Especially, the double layered oxide film was formed in the crack tip which propagated under the lower loading frequencies. In addition, unoxidized precipitates mainly consisting of Mo and Co were observed in the intergranular cracks. It was suggested that the changes in the oxidation morphologies depending on the loading frequency influenced the crack growth rate.