bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HERON As a Tool for Light Water Reactor Market Interaction in a Deregulated Market
Authors: Talbot Paul W. , Gairola Abhinav , Frick Konor , Rabiti Cristian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper reports the development of HERON (Holistic Energy Resource Optimization Network), a newly-developed RAVEN (Risk Analysis Virtual ENvironment) plugin for grid and capacity optimization, to technoeconomic analysis in a deregulated market. A short description of the HERON plugin is provided, and the release process is described. HERON as a plugin enables RAVEN to perform stochastic technoeconomic analysis of grid-energy systems in a generic approach. The primary function of HERON is to generate the complex RAVEN workflows necessary to optimize component capacities under stochastic systems. HERON is capable of analyzing systems with complex components transferring a variety of commodities, including production components and varied markets. HERON is capable of optimizing high-resolution dispatch for such systems and guiding stochastic optimization algorithms in RAVEN for finding optimal component capacities. In particular, this document demonstrates the application of HERON to systems with deregulated markets. A system including a hyrdogen market, an electricity market, hydrogen storage, a hydrogen producer, and a nuclear power plant is considered. Stochastic histories for electricity prices at the electricity market are employed to perform stochastic analysis for ideal sizing of the hydrogen production facility and hydrogen storage unit. The impact of hydrogen market price and volatility of electricity price are also shown.
Adjusting the Levelized Cost of Energy for Different Rates of Compensation for Solar Generation: A Case Study
Authors: Schwarz Peter , Goudarzi Navid , Camadan Ercument 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was developed for conventional, non-renewable energy sources, and can be misleading for renewable sources. The intermittent nature of renewable energy resources requires further refining the LCOE definition to prevent overvaluing renewables. Utilities must consider revenues as well as costs in comparing renewables to each other, as well as to conventional, non-renewable fuels. This paper explores the utility net revenues from solar energy — revenues from customer grid purchases net of payments made for solar generation by the customer exported to the utility — under three rate alternatives: Net Metering, Net Purchasing, and Gross Metering. Using individual customer data from Austin Energy for solar customers for the year of 2018, the net revenues to the utility under these three mechanisms were studied for two cases: increasing block rates and flat rates. The results demonstrate that even though the levelized cost of solar adoption is unaffected by the choice of rate, solar adoption by the utility is generally most favorable under gross metering, and least favorable under net metering. Moreover, the outcome can differ on whether the utility uses flat rates or increasing block rates, and on the customer’s level of consumption. This work provides a broader system-level understanding of renewable energy technologies that can be used by engineers, researchers, and government agencies when studying the life-cycle cost of power-generating systems.
Performance and Emissions of Drop-in Aviation Biofuels in a Lab Scale Gas Turbine Combustor
Authors: Feser Joseph S. , Gupta Ashwani K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
There is a growing need for drop-in biofuels for gas turbines for enhanced energy security and sustainability. Several fuels are currently being developed and tested to reduce dependency on fossil fuels while maintaining performance, particularly in the aviation industry. The transition from traditional fossil fuels to sustainable biofuels is much desired for reducing the rapidly rising CO2 levels in the environment. This requires biofuels to be drop-in ready, where there are no adverse effects on performance and emissions upon replacement. In this study the performance and emissions of four different aviation drop-in biofuels was evaluated. They include: UOP HEFA-SPK, Gevo ATJ, Amyris Farnesane, and SB-JP-8. These aviation biofuels are currently being produced and tested to be ready for full or partial drop-in fuels as the replacement of traditional jet fuels. The characteristic performance of each fuel from the prevaporized liquid fuels was performed in a high intensity (20 MW/m3-atm) reverse flow combustor. The NO emissions showed near unity ppm levels for each of the fuels examined with a minimum at an equivalence ratio of ∼0.6, while CO levels were in the range of 1000–1300 ppm depending on the fuel at an equivalence ratio between 0.75–0.8. For an equivalence ratio range between 0.4 and 0.6, NO and CO emissions remained very low (between 1–2ppm NO and 2400–2900ppm CO) depending on the fuel. The examined biofuels did not show any instability over a wide range of equivalence ratios from lean to near stoichiometric condition. These results provide promising results on the behavior of these drop-in aviation biofuels for use in high intensity gas turbine combustors providing stability and cleaner performance without any modification to the combustor design.
Haemorrhage rates of ruptured and unruptured brain arteriovenous malformation after radiosurgery: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Chye Cien-Leong , Wang Kuo-Wei , Chen Han-Jung , Yeh Shyh-An , Tang James Taoqian , Liang Cheng-Loong 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesThe present nationwide population-based cohort study aims to assess the effectiveness of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) on ruptured and unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) by evaluating the haemorrhage rates.DesignA nationwide, retrospective cohort study.SettingTaiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD).ParticipantsAn observational study of 1515 patients who were diagnosed with brain AVMs between 1997 and 2013 from the Taiwan NHIRD.Primary outcome and secondary outcome measuresWe performed a survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the relationship between treatment modalities (GKS vs non-GKS) and haemorrhage, adjusted for age and sex.ResultsThe GKS and non-GKS groups included 317 and 1198 patients, respectively. Patients in the GKS group (mean±SD, 33.08±15.48 years of age) tended to be younger than those in the non-GKS group (37.40±17.62) (p<0.001). The 15-year follow-up revealed that the rate of bleeding risk was lower in the GKS group than in the non-GKRS group (adjusted HR (aHR) 0.61; 95% CI 0.40 to 0.92). The bleeding risk of ruptured AVMs was significantly lower in GKS group than in the non-GKS group (aHR 0.34; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.62). On the other hand, the bleeding risk of unruptured AVMs was higher in the GKS group than in the non-GKS group (aHR 1.95; 95% CI 1.04 to 3.65). In the unruptured AVM group, the incidence of bleeding was significantly higher among patients in the GKS group that were of >40 years of age (aHR 3.21; 95% CI 1.12 to 9.14).ConclusionsGKS is safe and it reduces the risk of haemorrhage in patients with ruptured AVMs. The administration of GKS to patients with unruptured AVMs who are above the age of 40 years old male might increase the risk of haemorrhage.
Do lifestyle measures to counter COVID-19 affect frailty rates in elderly community dwelling? Protocol for cross-sectional and cohort study
Authors: Shinohara Tomoyuki , Saida Kosuke , Tanaka Shigeya , Murayama Akihiko 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionLocal activities that functioned to prevent frailty in the elderly have been suspended or reduced as a countermeasure against COVID-19. As a result, frailty rates are expected to increase, and frailty is expected to worsen as a secondary problem associated with COVID-19 countermeasures. Therefore, this study aims to determine the extent of frailty in the elderly associated with lifestyle changes implemented as COVID-19 countermeasures, to ascertain actual lifestyle changes and clarify the existence of Corona-Frailty. We will also conduct Corona-Frailty screening to verify the effect of support provided as feedback to supporters of the elderly.Methods and analysisThe survey target area is Takasaki City, Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Phase I aims to verify the short-term effects of COVID-19. A questionnaire will be distributed to 465 community-dwelling elderly people, and responses will be obtained by post. Frailty will be evaluated using the Frailty Screening Index. Respondents who are frail and have had many changes in their lifestyle will be screened as high-risk people, and feedback will be provided to local supporters. The aim of Phase II will be to verify the long-term effects of COVID-19 and the effect of screening. A similar survey will be distributed twice after the first survey, once after 6 months and again after 1 year and the frailty rate will be tested. Furthermore, out of the subjects identified with frailty in Phase I, the progress of those who were screened and those who were not screened will be compared between groups.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Takasaki University of Health and Welfare (approval number: 2009). The results of this study will be reported to the policymaker, presented at academic conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberUMIN000040335.
Findings and lessons learnt from early termination of a pragmatic comparative effectiveness trial of video consultations in home-based palliative care
Authors: Nguyen Huong Q. , McMullen Carmit , Haupt Eric C , Wang Susan E , Werch Henry , Edwards Paula E , Andres Gina M , Reinke Lynn , Mittman Brian S , Shen Ernest , Mularski Richard A 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundHealth systems need evidence about how best to deliver home-based palliative care (HBPC) to meet the growing needs of seriously ill patients. We hypothesised that a tech-supported model that aimed to promote timely inter-professional team coordination using video consultation with a remote physician while a nurse is in the patient’s home would be non-inferior compared with a standard model that includes routine home visits by nurses and physicians.MethodsWe conducted a pragmatic, cluster randomised non-inferiority trial across 14 sites (HomePal Study). Registered nurses (n=111) were randomised to the two models so that approximately half of the patients with any serious illness admitted to HBPC and their caregivers were enrolled in each study arm. Process measures (video and home visits and satisfaction) were tracked. The primary outcomes for patients and caregivers were symptom burden and caregiving preparedness at 1–2 months.ResultsThe study was stopped early after 12 months of enrolment (patients=3533; caregivers=463) due to a combination of low video visit uptake (31%), limited substitution of video for home visits, and the health system’s decision to expand telehealth use in response to changes in telehealth payment policies, the latter of which was incompatible with the randomised design. Implementation barriers included persistent workforce shortages and inadequate systems that contributed to scheduling and coordination challenges and unreliable technology and connectivity.ConclusionsWe encountered multiple challenges to feasibility, relevance and value of conducting large, multiyear pragmatic randomised trials with seriously ill patients in the real-world settings where care delivery, regulatory and payment policies are constantly shifting.
Do private German health insurers invest their capital reserves of €353 billion according to environmental, social and governance criteria?
Authors: Schneider Frederick , Gogolewska Julia , Ahrend Klaus-Michael , Hohendorf Gerrit , Schneider Gerhard , Busse Reinhard , Schulz Christian M 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundTo prevent the planet from catastrophic global warming a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to net zero is required. Thus, divestment from fossil fuels must be a strategic interest for health insurers. The aim of this study was to analyse the implementation of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria in German private health insurers’ investments.MethodsIn 2019 a survey about ESG strategies was sent to German private health insurance companies. The survey evaluated investment strategies and thresholds for the exclusion of sectors and business practices, as well as company strategies for sustainable business development.FindingsGiven their business reports, German private health insurers manage assets of more than €350 billion. 11 of 40 insurance companies provided quantitative data, 10 refused to answer. According to quantitative data, €66 billion of assets is managed according to any ESG criteria; this equals an average of 76% of each company’s bonds. None of these insurers excluded the production and sale of fossil fuels. All excluded coal mining but only at high thresholds. For €226 billion, no data were provided.InterpretationThe findings are in contrast to the expected intrinsic economic interest of the insurers to stop global warming and improve public health. The majority of assets are managed in a highly problematic manner, especially the absence of capital allocated in fields contrary to medical ethics (eg, firearms, armour) cannot be presumed. Lack of transparency is a major problem that limits clients in choosing the insurer who has the most advanced ESG criteria.
$$\varLambda $$ and $$\varSigma $$ Excitations and the Quark Model
Authors: Klempt E. , Burkert V. , Thoma U. , Tiator L. , Workman R. ,   The Baryon@PDG Group
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe spectrum of$$\varLambda $$Λand$$\varSigma $$Σexcitations is reviewed taking into account (nearly) all hyperon resonances which were seen in early analyses or in one of the recent partial-wave analyses. The spectrum is compared with the old Isgur–Karl model and the Bonn model. These models allows us to discuss the SU(3) structure of the observed resonances. The SU(3) decomposition is compared with SU(6) relations between the different decay modes. Seven$$\varLambda $$Λstates are proposed to be classified as SU(3) singlet states. The hyperon spectrum is compared with the spectrum ofNand$$\varDelta $$Δresonances.
Masses and electric charges: gauge anomalies and anomalous thresholds
Authors: Gómez César , Letschka Raoul 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe work out in the forward limit and up to order $$e^6$$

e
6

in perturbation theory the collinear divergences. In this kinematical regime we discover new collinear divergences that we argue can be only cancelled using quantum interference with processes contributing to the gauge anomaly. This rules out the possibility of a quantum consistent and anomaly free theory with massless charges and long range interactions. We use the anomalous threshold singularities to derive a gravitational lower bound on the mass of the lightest charged fermion.
Decay properties of $$P_c$$ states through the Fierz rearrangement
Authors: Chen Hua-Xing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe systematically study hidden-charm pentaquark currents with the quark configurations$$[\bar{c} u][u d c]$$[c¯u][udc],$$[\bar{c} d][u u c]$$[c¯d][uuc], and$$[\bar{c} c][u u d]$$[c¯c][uud]. Some of their relations are derived using the Fierz rearrangement of the Dirac and color indices, and the obtained results are used to study strong decay properties of$$P_c$$Pcstates as$$\bar{D}^{(*)} \varSigma _c$$D¯(∗)Σchadronic molecules. We calculate their relative branching ratios for the$$J/\psi p$$J/ψp,$$\eta _c p$$ηcp,$$\chi _{c0} p$$χc0p,$$\chi _{c1} p$$χc1p,$$\bar{D}^{(*)0} \varLambda _c^+$$D¯(∗)0Λc+,$$\bar{D}^{0} \varSigma _c^{+}$$D¯0Σc+, and$$\bar{D}^{-} \varSigma _c^{++}$$D¯-Σc++decay channels. We propose to search for the$$P_c(4312)$$Pc(4312)in the$$\eta _c p$$ηcpchannel and the$$P_c(4440)/P_c(4457)$$Pc(4440)/Pc(4457)in the$$\bar{D}^{0} \varLambda _c^+$$D¯0Λc+channel.
Super Edge-Connected Linear Hypergraphs
Authors: Lin Shangwei , Pei Jianfeng , Li Chunfang 
Published: October 2020

A connected graph [Formula: see text] is super edge-connected, if every minimum edge-cut of [Formula: see text] is the set of edges incident with a vertex. In this paper, the concept of super edge-connectivity of graphs is generalized to hypergraphs and a necessary and sufficient condition for an [Formula: see text]-uniform and linear hypergraph with diameter at most 2 to be super edge-connected is given.
Association between Vitamin D Levels and Fertility Outcomes in Patients Undergoing IVF/ICSI
Authors: Ha Anh N. , Pham Toan D. , Vuong Lan N. 
Published: October 2020

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that vitamin D (vitD) might play an important role in the reproductive system due to expression of vitD receptor and vitD-metabolizing enzymes in many reproductive tissues. VitD deficiency has been associated with increased risk of obstetric complications. However, the effect of vitD levels on in vitro fertilization (IVF)/ICSI outcomes is not fully understood. Evidence shows that women with adequate vitD levels might have higher pregnancy rates. This study evaluated the association between serum vitD levels and IVF/ICSI outcomes. Methods: This multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted at IVFMD, My Duc Hospital and IVFMDPN, My Duc Phu Nhuan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam between November 2017 and July 2019. Vietnamese patients aged 18–40 years with serum vitD (25(OH)D) samples collected before starting controlled ovarian stimulation and undergoing embryo transfer were eligible. Patients were divided into four groups based on 25(OH)D levels: <10 ng/mL, 10 to <20 ng/mL, 20 to <30 ng/mL, and [Formula: see text]30 ng/mL. The primary outcome was ongoing pregnancy rate. Results: Of 3779 patients recruited, 25(OH)D levels were <10 ng/mL in 564 (14.9%), 10 to <20 ng/mL in 436 (11.5%), 20 to <30 in 1,142 (30.2%), and [Formula: see text]30 ng/mL in 1,637 (43.3%). Ongoing pregnancy rates were similar across the four subgroups (36%, 40%, 36%, and 36%, respectively; p = 0.409). The number of oocytes retrieved, embryos, clinical pregnancy, implantation, and miscarriage rates did not differ significantly between subgroups. Conclusions: In this analysis, serum vitD levels did not appear to be correlated with pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI.
Epigenetic Inactivation of α-Internexin Accelerates Microtubule Polymerization in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Li Yingjie , Bai Liangliang , Yu Huichuan , Cai Du , Wang Xiaolin , Huang Baoyuan , Peng Shaoyong , Huang Meijin , Cao Guangwen , Kaz Andrew M. , Grady William M. , Wang Jianping , Luo Yanxin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

DNA methylation contributes to malignant transformation, but little is known about how the methylation drives colorectal cancer evolution at the early stages. Here we identify aberrant INA (α-internexin) gene methylation in colon adenoma and adenocarcinoma by filtering data obtained from a genome-wide screen of methylated genes. The gene encoding INA, a type IV intermediate filament, was frequently hypermethylated in CpG islands located in the promoter region. This hypermethylation preferentially occurred in large tumors and was a prognostic marker for poor overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer. This type of epigenetic alteration silenced INA expression in both adenoma and adenocarcinoma tissues. Gene silencing of INA in colorectal cancer cells increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Restored INA expression blocked migration and invasion in vitro and reduced lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, INA directly inhibited microtubule polymerization in vitro and decreased intracellular microtubule plus-end assembly rates. A peptide array screen surveying the tubulin-binding sites in INA identified a tubulin-binding motif located in the N-terminal head domain that plays a tumor-suppressive role by binding to unpolymerized tubulins and impeding microtubule polymerization. Thus, epigenetic inactivation of INA is an intermediate filament reorganization event that is essential to accelerate microtubule polymerization in the early stages of colorectal cancer.

Significance:
This work provides insight into the epigenetic inactivation of INA, a novel identified tumor suppressor, which increases microtubule polymerization during colorectal cancer progression.
Subtype-Discordant Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tumors Show Intermediate Clinical and Molecular Characteristics
Authors: Topham James T. , Karasinska Joanna M. , Lee Michael K.C. , Csizmok Veronika , Williamson Laura M. , Jang Gun Ho , Denroche Robert E. , Tsang Erica S. , Kalloger Steve E. , Wong Hui-li , O'Kane Grainne M. , Moore Richard A. , Mungall Andrew J. , Notta Faiyaz , Loree Jonathan M. , Wilson Julie M. , Bathe Oliver , Tang Patricia A. , Goodwin Rachel , Knox Jennifer J. , Gallinger Steven , Laskin Janessa , Marra Marco A. , Jones Steven J.M. , Renouf Daniel J. , Schaeffer David F. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
RNA-sequencing–based subtyping of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been reported by multiple research groups, each using different methodologies and patient cohorts. “Classical” and “basal-like” PDAC subtypes are associated with survival differences, with basal-like tumors associated with worse prognosis. We amalgamated various PDAC subtyping tools to evaluate the potential of such tools to be reliable in clinical practice.

Experimental Design:
Sequencing data for 574 PDAC tumors was obtained from prospective trials and retrospective public databases. Six published PDAC subtyping strategies (Moffitt regression tools, clustering-based Moffitt, Collisson, Bailey, and Karasinska subtypes) were used on each sample, and results were tested for subtype call consistency and association with survival.

Results:
Basal-like and classical subtype calls were concordant in 88% of patient samples, and survival outcomes were significantly different (P &lt; 0.05) between prognostic subtypes. Twelve percent of tumors had subtype-discordant calls across the different methods, showing intermediate survival in univariate and multivariate survival analyses. Transcriptional profiles compatible with that of a hybrid subtype signature were observed for subtype-discordant tumors, in which classical and basal-like genes were concomitantly expressed. Subtype-discordant tumors showed intermediate molecular characteristics, including subtyping gene expression (P &lt; 0.0001) and mutant KRAS allelic imbalance (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions:
Nearly 1 in 6 patients with PDAC have tumors that fail to reliably fall into the classical or basal-like PDAC subtype categories, based on two regression tools aimed toward clinical practice. Rather, these patient tumors show intermediate prognostic and molecular traits. We propose close consideration of the non-binary nature of PDAC subtypes for future incorporation of subtyping into clinical practice.
Don't Compromise Myeloma Care Due to COVID-19 Pandemic!
Authors: Munshi Nikhil C. , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Summary:
Patients with active myeloma, especially with earlier stages of the disease, are susceptible to COVID-19 infection and can have adverse outcomes, even in those on first-line treatment. Importantly, myeloma therapy can be safely administered, and optimal control of myeloma is associated with improved outcome.
See related video: https://vimeo.com/486246183/559a80cfae
See related article by Hultcrantz et al., p. 234.