bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating long‐term success in grassland restoration: an ecosystem multifunctionality approach
Authors: Resch Monika Carol , Schütz Martin , Buchmann Nina , Frey Beat , Graf Ulrich , van der Putten Wim H. , Zimmermann Stephan , Risch Anita C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIt is generally assumed that restoring biodiversity will enhance diversity and ecosystem functioning. However, to date, it has rarely been evaluated whether and how restoration efforts manage to rebuild biodiversity and multiple ecosystem functions (ecosystem multifunctionality) simultaneously. Here, we quantified how three restoration methods of increasing intervention intensity (harvest only < topsoil removal < topsoil removal + propagule addition) affected grassland ecosystem multifunctionality 22 yr after the restoration event. We compared restored with intensively managed and targeted seminatural grasslands based on 13 biotic and abiotic, above‐ and belowground properties. We found that all three restoration methods improved ecosystem multifunctionality compared to intensively managed grasslands and developed toward the targeted seminatural grasslands. However, whereas higher levels of intervention intensity reached ecosystem multifunctionality of targeted seminatural grasslands after 22 yr, lower intervention missed this target. Moreover, we found that topsoil removal with and without seed addition accelerated the recovery of biotic and aboveground properties, and we found no negative long‐term effects on abiotic or belowground properties despite removing the top layer of the soil. We also evaluated which ecosystem properties were the best indicators for restoration success in terms of accuracy and cost efficiency. Overall, we demonstrated that low‐cost measures explained relatively more variation of ecosystem multifunctionality compared to high‐cost measures. Plant species richness was the most accurate individual property in describing ecosystem multifunctionality, as it accounted for 54% of ecosystem multifunctionality at only 4% of the costs of our comprehensive multifunctionality approach. Plant species richness is the property that typically is used in restoration monitoring by conservation agencies. Vegetation structure, soil carbon storage and water‐holding capacity together explained 70% of ecosystem multifunctionality at only twice the costs (8%) of plant species richness, which is, in our opinion, worth considering in future restoration monitoring projects. Hence, our findings provide a guideline for land managers how they could obtain an accurate estimate of aboveground‐belowground ecosystem multifunctionality and restoration success in a highly cost‐efficient way.
Dissonance‐based eating disorder prevention delivered in‐person after an online training: A randomized controlled trial for Brazilian men with body dissatisfaction
Authors: Almeida Maurício , Brown Tiffany A. , Campos Priscila Figueiredo , Amaral Ana Carolina Soares , de Carvalho Pedro Henrique Berbert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveFew prevention programs have been developed and empirically evaluated to address eating disorder (ED) and muscle dysmorphia (MD) symptoms in men. Furthermore, new strategies for the broad implementation of available programs are needed. We investigated the acceptability and efficacy of a dissonance‐based (DB) intervention for Brazilian undergraduate men with body dissatisfaction to target risk and protective factors for ED and MD symptoms (the Body Project: More Than Muscles) after an online training for facilitators.MethodParticipants were randomized to a two‐session DB‐intervention (n = 89) or assessment‐only control (AOC) (n = 91), and completed validated measures assessing ED and MD risk and protective factors pre‐intervention, post‐intervention, and at 4‐ and 24‐week follow‐up post‐intervention.ResultsAcceptability ratings were highly favorable. Regarding efficacy, the DB condition demonstrated significantly greater decreases in ED and MD risk factors compared to AOC from pre‐intervention to 4‐week (p‐values <.05, between‐condition Cohen's d = 0.35–1.10) and 24‐week follow‐up (p‐values <.05, between‐condition Cohen's d = 0.33–0.78). Results at post‐intervention were not significant, with the exception that body appreciation showed significantly greater improvements in the DB condition (post‐intervention: p < .01, between‐condition Cohen's d = 0.40; 4‐week: p < .001, between‐condition Cohen's d = 0.80; and 24‐week follow‐up: p < .001, between‐condition Cohen's d = 0.58).DiscussionResults support the acceptability and efficacy of a DB‐intervention delivered in‐person after an online training for facilitators up to 24‐week follow‐up in Brazilian men.
Iron modified zeolite carrier for efficiently pharmaceutical pollutant degradation in heterogeneous electro‐Fenton: Influence factors and kinetic
Authors: Adel Niaei Hadi , Rostamizadeh Mohammad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, the high silica ZSM‐5 carrier was modified with the iron species and applied as a heterogeneous electro‐Fenton (EF) catalyst for pharmaceutical pollutant degradation. The carrier was prepared by the hydrothermal method and followed by impregnation. The physicochemical properties were evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE‐SEM), FT‐IR, X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. The impregnated carrier had high crystallinity, high specific surface area, and uniform dispersion of iron species. The effect of different operating conditions was studied on the phenazopyridine (PHP) degradation efficiency. The optimal efficiency of PHP degradation (ca. 92.5%) was obtained at pH of 3.0, the current density of 100 mA, catalyst loading of 0.2 g L−1, and T = 25°C. The data of kinetic showed that the degradation of PHP followed Pseudo‐First‐Order kinetic, including the high accuracy (R2 > 0.95). The developed catalyst had the high stability and reusability for the PHP degradation in the EF process, while the degradation efficiency dropped only 0.5% for the regenerated catalyst.
Managing depression and anxiety in people with epilepsy: A survey of epilepsy health professionals by the ILAE Psychology Task Force
Authors: Gandy Milena , Modi Avani C. , Wagner Janelle L. , LaFrance W. Curt , Reuber Markus , Tang Venus , Valente Kette D. , Goldstein Laura H. , Donald Kirsten A. , Rayner Genevieve , Michaelis Rosa 
Published: December 2020

SummaryObjectivesThe Psychology Task Force of the Medical Therapies Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) has been charged with taking steps to improve global mental health care for people with epilepsy. This study aimed to inform the direction and priorities of the Task Force by examining epilepsy healthcare providers’ current practical experiences, barriers, and unmet needs around addressing depression and anxiety in their patients.MethodsA voluntary 27‐item online survey was distributed via ILAE chapters and networks. It assessed practices in the areas of screening, referral, management, and psychological care for depression and anxiety. A total of 445 participants, from 67 countries (68% high income), commenced the survey, with 87% completing all components. Most respondents (80%) were either neurologists or epileptologists.ResultsLess than half of respondents felt adequately resourced to manage depression and anxiety. There was a lack of consensus about which health professionals were responsible for screening and management of these comorbidities. About a third only assessed for depression and anxiety following spontaneous report and lack of time was a common barrier (>50%). Routine referrals to psychiatrists (>55%) and psychologists (>41%) were common, but approximately one third relied on watchful waiting. A lack of both trained mental health specialists (>55%) and standardized procedures (>38%) was common barriers to referral practices. The majority (>75%) of respondents’ patients identified with depression or anxiety had previously accessed psychotropic medications or psychological treatments. However, multiple barriers to psychological treatments were endorsed, including accessibility difficulties (52%).SignificanceThe findings suggest that while the importance of managing depression and anxiety in patients with epilepsy is being recognized, there are ongoing barriers to effective mental health care. Key future directions include the need for updated protocols in this area and the integration of mental health professionals within epilepsy settings.
Gallic acid inhibits Kaposi's Sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus lytic reactivation by suppressing RTA transcriptional activities
Authors: Long Wen‐Ying , Zhao Guo‐hua , Wu Yao , Liu Ying 
Published: December 2020

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV), an oncogenic virus, has two life cycle modes: the latent and lytic phases. KSHV lytic reactivation is known to be important both for viral propagation and for KSHV‐induced tumorigenesis. The KSHV replication and transcription activator (RTA) protein is essential for lytic reactivation. Gallic acid (GA), one of the most abundant phenolic acids in the plant kingdom, has been shown potential chemotherapeutic efficacy against microbial and cancer. However, the effects of GA on KSHV replication and KSHV‐induced tumorigenesis have not yet been reported. Here, we report that GA induces apoptotic cell death in BCBL‐1 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. GA inhibits KSHV reactivation and reduces the production of progeny virus from KSHV‐harboring cells. GA inhibits RTA transcriptional activities by suppressing its binding to target gene promoters. These results suggest that GA may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of KSHV infection and KSHV‐associated lymphomas.
The revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination can facilitate differentiation of dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Prats‐Sedano Maria Angeles , Savulich George , Surendranathan Ajenthan , Donaghy Paul C. , Thomas Alan J. , Rowe James B. , Su Li , O'Brien John T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a major cause of degenerative dementia, yet the diagnosis is often missed or mistaken for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed whether the revised Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE‐R), a brief test for dementia, differentiates DLB from AD.MethodsWe first compared baseline ACE‐R performance in 76 individuals with DLB, 40 individuals with AD and 66 healthy controls. We then investigated the diagnostic accuracy of a simple standardised ‘memory/visuospatial’ ratio calculated from the ACE‐R subscores. Finally, as a comparison a logistic regression machine learning algorithm was trained to classify between DLB and AD.ResultsIndividuals with AD had poorer memory (p = 0.001) and individuals with DLB had poorer visuospatial function (p = 0.005). Receiver operating characteristics curves confirmed that the ACE‐R total score could differentiate dementia from non‐dementia cases with 98% accuracy, but could not discriminate between dementia types (50%, or chance‐level accuracy). However, a ‘memory/visuospatial’ ratio ≥1.1 differentiated DLB from AD with 82% sensitivity, 68% specificity and 77% mean accuracy. The machine learning classifier did not improve the overall diagnostic accuracy (74%) of the simple ACE‐R subscores ratio.ConclusionsThe ACE‐R‐based ‘memory/visuospatial’ ratio, but not total score, demonstrates good clinical utility for the differential diagnosis of DLB from AD.
Factors Affecting Contraception Access and Use in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Stone Rebecca H. , Griffin Brooke , Fusco Rachel A. , Vest Kathy , Tran Tran , Gross Savannah 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMaternal opioid use disorder increased > 4‐fold from 1999 to 2014 and is associated with poor maternal and fetal outcomes. Women with opioid use disorder are at 2 to 3 times greater risk for unintended pregnancy than the general population and may face additional barriers to accessing and effectively using contraception compared to women without opioid use disorder, particularly highly effective long‐acting reversible contraception. Additionally, women with opioid use disorder tend to use less effective forms of contraception such as condoms alone. Barriers to contraceptive access include patient misconceptions or knowledge gaps regarding reproductive health and family planning, cost, intimate partner violence, fear of criminalization, difficulty accessing care, comorbid health conditions, and health care provider misconceptions or practice limitations. Strategies that may assist women with opioid use disorder in achieving their family planning goals include colocation of family planning services within opioid treatment facilities, optimization of patient care services to minimize the need for costly and/or time consuming follow‐up, increasing provider education and awareness of best practices in family planning and opioid use disorder treatment, and providing patient‐centered family planning education and counseling. Additional research is needed to identify and develop strategies that empower women who use opioids to effectively access and use their preferred contraceptive method.
Impact of Sex on Clinical Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated With Biologics at Approved Dosing Regimens
Authors: Fang Lanyan , Song Xuyang , Ji Ping , Wang Yaning , Maynard Janet , Yim Sarah , Sahajwalla Chandrahas , Xu Mingjiang , Kim Myong‐Jin , Zhao Liang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is higher in females than in males. With the development of new treatment options and strategies such as biologics, we found it worthwhile to identify whether males and females warrant different treatment regimens to ensure the best clinical response. Our meta‐analysis included 11 clinical trials of RA patients in support of the Food and Drug Administration's approval of 6 biological products. We evaluated the data of American College of Rheumatology 20 (ACR20) 24 or 26 weeks after treatment. Logistic regression models were applied to compute the odds ratio (OR) of treatment responses between sexes. The ORs of ACR20 response rates in males and females were similar across all studies and not significantly different in overall studies (OR, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.96‐1.16) analyzed with a fixed‐effects model. Further analyses on the 7 ACR20 subcomponents showed high heterogeneity among studies (Q statistic P < .00007, I2 > 95%), with no observed clinically meaningful sex‐related difference. Thus, our meta‐analysis did not find significant difference in ACR20 response rates between male and female RA patients treated with biologics at approved dosing regimens. This result supports the current clinical practice of not requiring sex‐dependent treatment regimens for RA patients.
Population PK‐PD‐PD Modeling of Recombinant Follicle Stimulating Hormone in In Vitro Fertilization/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: Implications on Dosing and Timing of Gonadotrophin Therapy
Authors: Ebid Abdel Hameed I. M. , Abdel Motaleb Sara M. , Mostafa Mahmoud I. , Soliman Mahmoud M. A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to characterize an interactive and clinically applicable population pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic‐pharmacodynamic (PK‐PD‐PD) model describing follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH)‐inhibin B‐oocyte relationship in women undergoing assisted reproduction with in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The study was a prospective analysis of 25 healthy women undergoing IVF/ICSI using gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol. The developed model used the FSH PK profiles to predict both inhibin B (first PD end point) and oocyte retrieval (second PD end point). The modeling framework involved 2 stages. First, the FSH‐inhibin B model was developed by the simultaneous approach and applied to estimate the individual area under the inhibin B‐time curve (AUCInhb) at the end of stimulation cycles that varied in length in each woman. In the second stage, the estimated AUCInhb was introduced as a link covariate to predict oocyte retrieval and response category. The population FSH‐inhibin B model was described as 3 submodels; PK (exogenous), endogenous, and inhibin B PD models. Weight was the main determinant of both endogenous and exogenous FSH exposures. GnRH antagonist therapy was a significant time‐varying covariate when tested against the endogenous FSH production rate (P < .001). AUCInhb could be predicted with women's age and weight. Log‐transformed AUCInhb was a significant covariate when tested against oocyte retrieval (P < .001). Simulations concluded a target AUCInhb of 144‐303 ng·h/mL for optimal ovarian response. The GnRH antagonist was better started on day 7 of the cycle. Covariate‐based dosing suggests lower recombinant follicle‐stimulating hormone requirements in a thin and/or young population. An interactive web application “GonadGuide” was developed to facilitate the application in clinical practice.
A comparison of electron ionization mass spectra obtained at 70 eV, low electron energies, and with cold EI and their NIST library identification probabilities
Authors: Margolin Eren Ksenia J. , Elkabets Oneg , Amirav Aviv 
Published: December 2020

AbstractElectron ionization (EI) mass spectra of 46 compounds from several different compound classes were measured. Their molecular ion abundances were compared as obtained with 70‐eV EI, with low eV EI (such as 14 eV), and with EI mass spectra of vibrationally cold molecules in supersonic molecular beams (Cold EI). We further compared these mass spectra in their National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library identification probabilities. We found that

Low eV EI is not a soft ionization method, and it has little or no influence on the molecular ion relative abundances for large molecules and those with weak or no molecular ions.
Low eV EI for compounds with abundant or dominant molecular ions in their 70 eV mass spectra results in the reduction of low mass fragment ions abundances thereby reducing their NIST library identification probabilities thus rarely justifies its use in real‐world applications.
Cold EI significantly enhances the relative abundance of the molecular ions particularly for large compounds; yet, it retains the low mass fragment ions; hence, Cold EI mass spectra can be effectively identified by the NIST library.
Different standard EI ion sources provide different 70 eV EI mass spectra. Among the Agilent technologies ion sources, the “Extractor” exhibits relatively abundant molecular ions compared with the “Inert” ion source, while the “High efficiency source” (HES) provides mass spectra with depleted molecular ions compared with the “Inert” ion source or NIST library mass spectra.
These conclusions are demonstrated and supported by experimental data in nine figures and two tables.
Clinical utilization of species‐specific immunoassays for identification of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in orthopedic infections
Authors: Sulovari Aron , Ninomiya Mark J. , Beck Christopher A. , Ricciardi Benjamin F. , Ketonis Constantinos , Mesfin Addisu , Kaplan Nathan B. , Soin Sandeep P. , McDowell Susan M. , Mahmood Bilal , Daiss John L. , Schwarz Edward M. , Oh Irvin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B streptococcus, GBS) are common causes of deep musculoskeletal infections (MSKI) and result in significant patient morbidity and cost to the healthcare system. One of the major challenges with MSKI is the lack of faithful diagnostics to correctly identify the primary pathogen, as standard culture‐based assays are prone to false positives in the case of polymicrobial infections, and false negatives due to limitations in sample acquisition and antibiotic use before presentation. To improve upon our current diagnostic methods for MSKI, we developed a multiplex immunoassay for antigen‐specific IgGs in serum (Luminex), and medium enriched for newly synthesized antibodies (MENSA) for anti‐S. aureus and GBS generated from cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of orthopedic infection patients undergoing surgical treatment. Samples were obtained from 110 MSKI patients: 80 diabetic foot ulcer, 21 periprosthetic joint infection, 5 septic arthritis, 2 spine, 1 hand, and 1 fracture‐related infection (FRI). Anti‐S. aureus and anti‐GBS antibody titers were compared to culture results to assess their concordance in identifying the pathogens. Immunoassay, particularly MENSA, showed high diagnostic potential for monomicrobial S. aureus and GBS orthopedic infections (AUC > 0.95). MENSA also demonstrated diagnostic potential for GBS polymicrobial orthopedic infection and for GBS DFU (AUC > 0.83 for both). Serum showed high diagnostic potential for S. aureus PJI (AUC > 0.95). Taken together, these findings support the development of species‐specific immunoassays for the identification of causal pathogens in active MSKI, especially in conjunction with standard culture.
Tritordeum breads are well tolerated with preference over gluten‐free breads in non‐celiac wheat‐sensitive patients and its consumption induce changes in gut bacteria
Authors: Sánchez‐León Susana , Haro Carmen , Villatoro Myriam , Vaquero Luis , Comino Isabel , González‐Amigo Ana B , Vivas Santiago , Pastor Jorge , Sousa Carolina , Landa Blanca B , Barro Francisco 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe ingestion of wheat and other cereals are related to several gut disorders. The specific components responsible for non‐celiac wheat‐sensitivity (NCWS) may include gluten and other compounds. Tritordeum is a new cereal derived from crossing durum wheat with a wild barley species, which differs from bread wheat in its gluten composition. In the present work, we examined the response of NCWS patients to tritordeum bread Gastrointestinal symptoms as well as tritordeum acceptability, gluten immunogenic peptides excretion, and the composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota were evaluated.RESULTSGastrointestinal symptoms of the subjects showed no significant change between the gluten‐free bread and the tritordeum bread. Participating subjects rated tritordeum bread higher than the gluten‐free bread. Analysis of the bacterial gut microbiota indicated that tritordeum consumption does not alter the global structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, and only a few changes in some butyrate‐producing bacteria were observed.CONCLUSIONSAll the results derived from acceptability, biochemical and microbiological tests suggest that tritordeum may be tolerated by a sub‐set of NCWS sufferers who do not require strict exclusion of gluten from their diet. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry