bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population Health and Burden of Disease Profile of Women in India: 1990 to 2015
Authors: Maharaj Kajal , Senkubuge Flavia , Cronje Tanita 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: India has taken a step in the right direction with its latest national health policy highlighting the importance of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, SDG 5, which addresses gender equality is not clearly outlined in the policy. In India, gender equality has been linked to equal access to healthcare services for men and women. To understand India’s progress toward equal healthcare opportunities for men and women, we describe trends in population health indicators, and burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs); communicable, maternal, neonatal, nutritional diseases (CMNNDs), and injuries in women from India between 1990 to 2015; and compare these rates to the burden of disease in men. Methods: This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the Institute of Health Metrics & Evaluation (IHME). We measured population health according to World Health Organization standards, using disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and age specific death rate (ASD). Using these metrics, we measured trends in the relative importance of NCDs, CMNNDs and injuries amongst women and men. Results: Between 1990 and 2015, the main cause of death in women from India escalated from CMNNDs to NCDs. From 1990 to 2015, DALYs attributed to CMNNDs declined by 10.7%, while DALYs attributed to NCDs increased by 10.8%. From 1990 to 2015, DALYs due to injuries decreased slightly (0.1%). In women, the main cause of DALYs and YLLs was cardiovascular disease, whereas musculoskeletal disorders was the main cause of YLDs. Over the years, age specific mortality rates declined with increasing age for women when compared to men. Conclusion: In 2015, NCDs were the leading cause of disability and deaths amongst women in India.
Effect of School-Based Educational Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Intervention on Students’ Knowledge in a Resource-Constrained Setting
Authors: Mushota Ommy , Mathur Aditya , Pathak Ashish 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGlobally, diarrhea is one of the major causes of under-5 mortality. India accounts for the highest number of childhood deaths globally. Therefore, facilitating the implementation of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related interventions for adolescents in schools and communities is crucial. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of a school-based educational WASH intervention in improving students’ knowledge on prevention and management of diarrhea in Ujjain district, India.MethodsThe present pre–post intervention study with a two-stage (schools and classrooms) cluster sampling was conducted on 1781 students studying in 8th to 12th grades in schools located in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. The intervention comprised an educational training session by using a WASH training module. The means of pre- and post-intervention scores were compared using repeated measure analysis of variance. A multivariate quantile regression model was used to test the correlation between the change in score after intervention and the independent variables. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe proportions of students possessing knowledge on the treatment of diarrhea, use of zinc tablets during an episode of diarrhea, and the symptoms and signs of severe pediatric diarrhea were 28%, 27%, and 27%, respectively, before intervention. These proportions increased significantly (P < 0.001) after the educational intervention to 72%, 73%, and 74%, respectively. The mean post-intervention knowledge score (34.13) was significantly higher than the mean pre-intervention score (15.17) (F = 16513.36, P < 0.001). Age was significantly associated with the knowledge score at the 25th and higher quantile (q). Gender exhibited a greater effect at q10th. School location was positively associated at q25th and higher. School type was strongly associated at low quantiles (q10th and q25th). School medium exhibited a greater association at low quantiles (≤q25th).ConclusionWASH- and diarrhea-related knowledge among higher secondary school students increased after the educational intervention. Further research is required to evaluate the social demographic characteristics associated with change in the knowledge score to better evaluate school-based educational WASH interventions and improve the management and prevention of diarrhea.
Delayed Thoracodorsal Artery Pseudoaneurysm After Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy for Hyperhidrosis in an Adolescent: A Case Report
Authors: KHELIF Adrian , LAUREYS Marc , KHELIF Karim 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Conversely to intercostal artery false aneurysm, thoracodorsal artery pseudoaneurysm after thoracoscopy has never been reported previously.Case presentation: We report the case of a 15-year-old male presenting a delayed thoracodorsal artery pseudoaneurysm after bilateral thoracospic sympathectomy. Diagnosis was made by Doppler Ultrasound and confirmed by computed tomography angiography. Angiographic embolization was successfully performed. Conclusion: Thoracodorsal artery pseudoaneurysm should be considered in patients presenting with a parietal thoracic mass following thoracoscopy. This is to the best of our knowledge the first report of thoracodorsal artery pseudoaneurysm after thoracoscopy.
Evaluation of skin-surface interleukin 1&nbsp;α, interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist, CXCL-1/2 and&nbsp;β-defensin-1 as non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: Orro Kadri , Salk Kristiina , Abram Kristi , Arshavskaja Jelena , Meikas Anne , Karelson Maire , Neuman Toomas , Kingo Külli , Spee Pieter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
There is a need for non-invasive diagnostic tools that can objectively measure psoriasis activity and that can be used to monitor therapeutic effects of psoriasis treatment. This study aimed to determine whether non-invasive measurements of proteins from psoriasis lesional skin can be used to assess disease severity and to measure treatment efficacy.Using FibroTx TAP technology for protein-measurements directly from the surface of skin, clear differences in levels of IL-1α, IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 were found between psoriasis lesional skin and non-lesional skin. No clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and PASI scoring, with the exception of a mild correlation between CXCL-1/2 and scaling. Similarly, no clear correlations were found between FibroTx TAP measurements and ultrasound measurements of skin, with the exception of a weak correlation between IL-1RA and SLEB thickness. Monitoring IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 on skin lesions undergoing narrow-band UVB phototherapy clearly reflected normalisation of skin.Skin-surface measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 have potential for assessing severity of psoriasis and for monitoring treatment efficacy. Measurements of IL-1RA and CXCL-1/2 displayed a disease profile distinct from PASI or sonography, thus confirming that measuring the ‘molecular root’ of inflammation has value for scoring disease severity in its own right.
Kualitas Kimia dan Mikrobiologis Daging Ayam Broiler Pada Pasar Tradisional Kota Ambon
Authors: Liur Isye Jean 
Published: December 2020

<p>Daging mudah mengalami kerusakan diakibatkan oleh kandungan air yang tinggi serta kandungan vitamin dan mineral. Selain itu, kerusakan daging ayam lebih banyak diakibatkan oleh adanya pertumbuhan mikroba yang berasal dari ternak, pencemaran dari lingkungan baik pada saat pemotongan maupun selama pemasaran. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas kimia dan mikrobiologi daging ayam broiler di pasar tradisional Kota Ambon. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada dua pasar tradisional yang berbeda sebanyak 6 sampel. Masing-masing pasar diambil 3 sampel sebagai ulangan. Pengamatan yang dilakukan yaitu analisa kimia meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar karbohidrat (AOAC, 2000) dan analisa mikrobiologi meliputi Total plate count (TPC), Coliform, E-Coli, Salmonella dan Staphylococus aeureus. Data terkait kandungan kimia dianalisis dengan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah sedangkan mikrobiologi diuraikan secara deskriptif.<strong> </strong>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas kimia dan mikrobiologi daging ayam broiler tergolong baik, karena kandungannya masih dibawah ambang batas maksimum kadar SNI. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh bahwa daging ayam broiler di pasar tradisional Kota Ambon layak untuk dikonsumsi.</p>
Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity of Crude Extract of Matricaria aurea
Authors: Ahmad Irfan , Mir Mushtaq Ahmad , Srivastava Saurabh , Shati Ali A. , Elbehairi Serag Eldin I. , Irfan Safia , Abohashrh Mohammed , Nisar Nazima , Bashir Nasreena , Srivastava Pragya 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Infectious diseases constantly represent the source of sickness as well as mortality in
human beings. Herbal applications in human life through using plants for antibacterial and anticancer activity
have shown the potential medicinal outcome.

Objectives:
To evaluate the antibacterial and anticancer activities of the crude extract of Matricaria aurea.

Materials and Methods:
The antibacterial activity of the crude flowers of M. aurea extract was examined
against reference and clinical bacterial strains by agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentrations
and minimum bactericidal concentrations were determined by micro broth dilution assays using MH
broth. Herbal extract was employed over human breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma
cell line (HepG-2) and colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HCT-116) to optimize cancer cells proliferation
by SRB assay.

Results:
The data has shown that the extract from M. aurea had significant antimicrobial activity against the
tested microorganisms. The plant extract showed higher antibacterial activity against the reference strain of
Streptococcus pyogenes. The MIC and MBC varied between 0.38-12.5 mg/ml and 3.1-200 mg/ml respectively.
Synergy study elucidated the significant bacteriostatic effect of M. aurea extract on S. aureus and S. saprophyticus.
The data of SRB assay deliver the potential anticancer activity through cell death.

Conclusion:
This study delivers innovative information that M. aurea possessed excellent bio-activities against
pathogenic microbes and cancer cells, which drive attention for further research to explore the active components
responsible for biological efficacies.
Exploring the Mystery of Osteoarthritis using Bioinformatics Analysis of Cartilage Tissue
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhong Jun-Long , Jiang Ning , Shang Jie , Wu Biao , Chen Yu-Feng , Lu Hua-Ding 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a kind of chronic disease relating to joints, which
seriously affectsthe daily life activities of the elderly and can also lead to disability. However, the
pathogenesis of OA is still unclear, which leads to limited treatment and the therapeutic effect far
from people's expectations. This study aims to filter out key genes in the pathogenesis of OA and
explore their potential role in the occurrence and development of OA.

Methods:
The dataset of GSE117999 was obtained and analyzed in order to identify the
differentially expressed genes (DEGs), hub genes and key genes. We also identified potential
miRNAs which may play a major role in the pathogenesis of OA, and verified their difference in
OA by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). DGldb was found to serve as an indicator to
identify drugs with potential therapeutic effects on key genes and Receiver Operating
Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used for identifying underlying biomarkers of OA.

Results:
We identified ten key genes, including MDM2, RB1, EGFR, ESR1, UBE2E3, WWP1,
BCL2, OAS2, TYMS and MSH2. Then, we identified hsa-mir-3613-3p, hsa-mir-548e-5p and hsamir-
5692a to be potentially related to key genes. In addition, RT-qPCR confirmed the differential
expression of identified genes in mouse cartilage with or without OA. We then identified
Etoposide and Everolimus, which were potentially specific to the most key genes. Finally, we
speculated that ESR1 might be a potential biomarker of OA.

Conclusions:
In this study, potential key genes related to OA and their biological functions were
identified, and their potential application value in the diagnosis and treatment of OA has been
demonstrated, which will help us to improve the therapeutic effect of OA.
Predicted Contributions of Flavin-containing Monooxygenases to the N-oxygenation of Drug Candidates Based on their Estimated Base Dissociation Constants
Authors: Taniguchi-Takizawa Tomomi , Kato Harutoshi , Shimizu Makiko , Yamazaki Hiroshi 
Published: December 2020

Aims::
Base dissociation constants of 30 model chemicals were investigated to constitute potential determinant
factors predicting the contributions of flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs).

Background::
The contributions of FMOs to the metabolic elimination of new drug candidates could be underestimated
under certain experimental conditions during drug development.

Objective::
A method for predicting metabolic sites and the contributions of FMOs to N-oxygenations is proposed
using a molecular descriptor, the base dissociation constant (pKa base), which can be estimated in silico
using commonly available chemoinformatic prediction systems.

Methods::
Model drugs and their oxidative pathways were surveyed in the literature to investigate the roles of
FMOs in their N-oxygenations. The acid and base dissociation constants of the nitrogen moieties of 30 model
substrates were estimated using well-established chemoinformatic software.

Results::
The base dissociation constants of 30 model chemicals were classified into two groups based on the reported
optimal in vitro pH of 8.4 for FMO enzymes as a key determinant factor. Among 18 substrates (e.g.,
trimethylamine, benzydamine, and itopride) with pKa (base) values in the range of 8.4-9.8, all N-oxygenated
metabolites were reported to be predominantly catalyzed by FMOs. Except for three cases (xanomeline;
L-775,606; and tozasertib), the nine substrates with pKa (base) values in the range 2.7-7.9 were only moderately
or minorly N-oxygenated by FMOs in addition to their major metabolic pathway of oxidation mediated by cytochrome
P450s. N-Oxygenation of T-1032 (with a pKa of 4.8) is mediated predominantly by P450 3A5, but
not by FMO1/3.

Conclusion::
The predicted contributions of FMOs to the N-oxygenation of drug candidates can be simply estimated
using classic base dissociation constants.
Target Fishing of Calactin, Calotropin and Calotoxin Using Reverse Pharmacophore Screening and Consensus Inverse Docking Approach
Authors: Parthasarathy Vikram , Menon Achuthan Raghava , Devaranavadagi Basavaraj 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The anticancer properties of natural products calactin, calotropin and calotoxin are well established.
However the mechanisms of their action are unclear and the molecular targets pertinent to them are not detailed. In this
study, potential anti-cancer targets of these compounds have been identified using reverse screening approaches that may
provide valuable insights into anti cancer drug development.

Objective:
To identify the potential anticancer targets of calactin, calotropin and calotoxin using reverse screening strategy.

Methods:
The ligands were screened for potential targets based on their shape similarity and pharmacophore model matching. The overlapping targets obtained from both methods were verified using reverse docking approach and validated by
docking analysis. MM/PBSA calculation was performed to predict binding affinities between ligand and confirmed targets.

Results:
Interleukin-2 inducible T cell kinase [ITK] was confirmed as a potential target of calactin (Ki= -10.3 kcal/mol),
calotropin (Ki= -8.7 kcal/mol) and calotoxin (Ki= -10.2 kcal/mol). The ligands interacted with hinge region residues such as
Met438 and Asp500 which occupy the highly conserved ATP binding site. Binding energies of calactin (∆Ebind = -29.18
kJ/mol), calotropin (-28.57 kJ/mol) and calotoxin (-21.21 kJ/mol) with ITK were higher than (more negative) positive control sunitinib (-15.03 kJ/mol) and standard staurosporine (-21.09 kJ/mol). Besides this, Interstitial collagenase [MMP1] was
confirmed as potential target of calotoxin (Ki= -8.2 kcal/mol).However the binding energy (∆Ebind = -11.89 kJ/mol) was
lower compared to positive control batimastat (-21.07 kJ/mol).

Conclusion:
The results of this study confirmed ITK as a potential target for calactin, calotropin and calotoxin. These compounds can therefore be used as lead molecules for the development of novel ITK inhibitors, which may have immense
therapeutic applications as immune-suppressants and as anticancer drugs.
The Prevalence of Shiga Toxin-1 in Non-Shigella Dysenteriae Isolates Collected from Diarrhea Samples in Patients, Ahvaz, Iran
Authors: Mahdian Nahid , Kouhsari Ebrahim , Gheysarzadeh Ali , Maleki Abbas , Valadbeigi Hassan , Sadeghifard Nourkhoda 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Acute diarrhea is a major public health problem, particularly in developing
countries. Shigellosis is one of the substantial causative agents of microbial dysentery and still
has a remarkable prevalence, particularly in areas with poor hygienic infrastructures. The probable
existence of the deadly Shiga toxin (Stx) protein in some Shigella strains would manifest life-threatening
clinical symptoms of the infection.

Methods:
The aim of this study was to determine the presence of Shigella toxin 1 (Stx1) in isolated
from patients with diarrhea. Totally, 227 Shigella species, including 60 S. flexneri, 157 S. sonnei,
and 10 S. boydii were collected from diarrheal patients in the tropical infectious diseases research
center of Ahvaz, Iran, during 2013-2015. The isolates were collected mostly from the intensive
care unit, infectious disease, and surgery settings. The isolates were identified, and the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the stx gene.

Results:
The results indicated that none of them encode the stx1 gene.

Conclusion:
Isolates of this study were not capable of stx1 encoding. Future investigations should
consider the relations between other Shigella species and Shigella toxin in Iran.
The Design of Modular Oil Tank: A New Design Process Model
Authors: Li Jin , Jiang Xingsheng , Li Jingye , Zhao Yadong , Li Xuexing 
Published: December 2020

Background:
In the whole design process of modular fuel tank, there are some unreasonable phenomena. As a
result, there are some defects in the design of modular fuel tank, and the function does not meet the requirements in
advance. This paper studies this problem.

Objective:
Through on-the-spot investigation of the factory, a mechanical design process model is designed. The model
can provide reference for product design participants on product design time and design quality, and can effectively solve
the problem of low product design quality caused by unreasonable product design time arrangement.

Methods:
After sorting out the data from the factory investigation, computer software is used to program, simulate the
information input of mechanical design process, and the final reference value is got.

Results:
This mechanical design process model is used to guide the design and production of a new project, nearly 3
months ahead of the original project completion time.

Conclusion:
This mechanical design process model can effectively guide the product design process, which is of great
significance to the whole mechanical design field.
Recovery of Metals and Rare Earth Elements by Microwave heating Technology - A Review
Authors: Lin Shunda , Omran Mamdouh , Guo Shenghui 
Published: December 2020

:
Microwave heating technology is considered one of the most likely to replace traditional
heating methods due to its efficient, quick, and green heating transmission that meets the requirements
of sustainable development. Microwave heating can strengthen chemical reactions and change
the morphology of minerals, and it can save energy and achieve rapid and efficient heating, clean
production, and emission reduction. Therefore, this paper summarizes the research status of microwave
heating in the recovery of valuable metals (Cu, Au, V),) from metallurgical waste ore and rare
earth elements from rare earth minerals in recent years, expounds the principle of microwave heating,
and summarizes the previous experimental phenomena. Finally, the development potential, opportunities,
and difficulties of microwave technology in future industrial applications are discussed.
Initiatives, Concepts, and Implementation Practices of FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) Data Principles in Health Data Stewardship Practice: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Inau Esther Thea , Sack Jean , Waltemath Dagmar , Zeleke Atinkut Alamirrew 
Published: December 2020

Background
Data stewardship is an essential driver of research and clinical practice. Data collection, storage, access, sharing, and analytics are dependent on the proper and consistent use of data management principles among the investigators. Since 2016, the FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) guiding principles for research data management have been resonating in scientific communities. Enabling data to be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable is currently believed to strengthen data sharing, reduce duplicated efforts, and move toward harmonization of data from heterogeneous unconnected data silos. FAIR initiatives and implementation trends are rising in different facets of scientific domains. It is important to understand the concepts and implementation practices of the FAIR data principles as applied to human health data by studying the flourishing initiatives and implementation lessons relevant to improved health research, particularly for data sharing during the coronavirus pandemic.

Objective
This paper aims to conduct a scoping review to identify concepts, approaches, implementation experiences, and lessons learned in FAIR initiatives in the health data domain.

Methods
The Arksey and O’Malley stage-based methodological framework for scoping reviews will be used for this review. PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar will be searched to access relevant primary and grey publications. Articles written in English and published from 2014 onwards with FAIR principle concepts or practices in the health domain will be included. Duplication among the 3 data sources will be removed using a reference management software. The articles will then be exported to a systematic review management software. At least two independent authors will review the eligibility of each article based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A pretested charting tool will be used to extract relevant information from the full-text papers. Qualitative thematic synthesis analysis methods will be employed by coding and developing themes. Themes will be derived from the research questions and contents in the included papers.

Results
The results will be reported using the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) reporting guidelines. We anticipate finalizing the manuscript for this work in 2021.

Conclusions
We believe comprehensive information about the FAIR data principles, initiatives, implementation practices, and lessons learned in the FAIRification process in the health domain is paramount to supporting both evidence-based clinical practice and research transparency in the era of big data and open research publishing.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/22505