bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continued versus interrupted direct oral anticoagulation for cardiac electronic device implantation: A systematic review
Authors: Mendoza Pablo A. , Narula Sukrit , McIntyre William F. , Whitlock Richard P. , Birnie David H. , Healey Jeff S. , Belley‐Côté Emilie P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMany patients undergoing cardiac device implantation are taking direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC). Continuing DOAC during device implantation may increase periprocedural bleeding risk; however, interrupting DOACs may increase thromboembolic risk.ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of clinically significant pocket hematoma and thromboembolism in patients who have their DOAC continued or interrupted for cardiac device implantation.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and randomized controlled trial (CENTRAL) until December 2019 and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that compared outcomes after continuing or interrupting DOAC during cardiac device implantation. Independently and in duplicate, reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full text of potentially eligible studies. They then evaluated risk of bias and abstracted data. RCT data were pooled using a fixed‐effect model. Quality of evidence was assessed using grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE).ResultsTwo RCTs, representing 763 patients, and three observational studies met eligibility criteria. In RCTs, continuing DOAC for device implantation compared to interrupting DOAC resulted in no significant difference in clinically significant pocket hematoma (2.1% vs 1.8%; RR 1.15; 95% CI 0.44‐3.05) or thromboembolism (0.03% vs 0.03%; RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.06‐16.21). Quality of evidence for both outcomes was moderate due to imprecision. Observational studies showed similar results.ConclusionsContinuing DOACs for device implantation results in little to no difference in the incidence of clinically significant pocket hematoma or thromboembolism. Given the ease of stopping and restarting DOACs, interrupting DOACs may be the preferred strategy for most patients. However, whenever continuous therapeutic anticoagulation is desired, DOAC continuation should be preferred over bridging with parenteral anticoagulation.
Seasonal and diurnal trends in progressive isotope enrichment along needles in two pine species
Authors: Kannenberg Steven A. , Fiorella Richard P. , Anderegg William R. L. , Monson Russell K. , Ehleringer James R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Craig–Gordon type (C–G) leaf water isotope enrichment models assume a homogeneous distribution of enriched water across the leaf surface, despite observations that Δ18O can become increasingly enriched from leaf base to tip. Datasets of this ‘progressive isotope enrichment’ are limited, precluding a comprehensive understanding of (a) the magnitude and variability of progressive isotope enrichment, and (b) how progressive enrichment impacts the accuracy of C–G leaf water model predictions. Here, we present observations of progressive enrichment in two conifer species that capture seasonal and diurnal variability in environmental conditions. We further examine which leaf water isotope models best capture the influence of progressive enrichment on bulk needle water Δ18O. Observed progressive enrichment was large and equal in magnitude across both species. The magnitude of this effect fluctuated seasonally in concert with vapour pressure deficit, but was static in the face of diurnal cycles in meteorological conditions. Despite large progressive enrichment, three variants of the C–G model reasonably successfully predicted bulk needle Δ18O. Our results thus suggest that the presence of progressive enrichment does not impact the predictive success of C–G models, and instead yields new insight regarding the physiological and anatomical mechanisms that cause progressive isotope enrichment.
The existential spatiality of rebellion: Insubordination, counter‐conduct, and places
Authors: Szaló Csaba 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article reviews the current discourse on urban struggles to bring to the surface strategies of interpretation, which deal with theoretical concerns insinuated by the situated existence of struggling subjects. The first part, concentrating on the domain of “negative places,” contrasts interpretive strategies distinguished by their orientation to the phenomena of local solidarities, alternatively, solidarities organized by collective projects. The second part turns from “negative places” to “other places” to consider the strategy of interpretation operating with the concept of affective solidarities. The article argues for a critical reinterpretation of affective solidarities in reference to Foucault's idea of “other places” to disclose how the disobedient subject's transfiguration into collective subjects of solidarity is entwined with the diversity of modes in which the corporeal existence of subjects is situated in the world.
Envisioning my mathematics classroom: Validating the Draw‐a‐Mathematics‐Teacher‐Test Rubric
Authors: Utley Juliana , Reeder Stacy , Redmond‐Sanogo Adrienne 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTeachers need the opportunity to reflect, rethink, and adapt as they continually develop their image of their role in their mathematics classrooms. Thus, the purpose of this research was to examine how the Draw‐a‐Mathematics‐Teacher‐Test (DAMTT) and rubric can be used to assess preservice elementary teachers’ images of and beliefs about their future mathematics classrooms and validate the Draw‐a‐Math‐TeacherTest‐Rubric (DAMTT‐R). Results suggest that the DAMTT‐R is a valid measure and yields consistent results. Additionally, analysis of preservice elementary teachers’ (PETs) DAMTT revealed that only slightly more than one‐third (36.9%) drew a picture and described their classroom in such a way that it reflected beliefs aligned with student‐centered pedagogic practices. While mathematics educators may aim for the majority of PETs to leave their programs having developed beliefs aligned with and supportive of student‐centered pedagogic practices, the results of this study revealed that 25% of PETs held beliefs that align with teacher‐centered pedagogic practices. Lastly, 38.1% of the PETs reflected beliefs about their pedagogic practices, as measured by the DAMTT and the DAMTT‐R, aligned with a transition between teacher‐centered and student‐centered.
Advocacy in action: Medical student reflections of an experiential curriculum
Authors: Daya Sneha , Choi Nancy , Harrison James D. , Lai Cindy J. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionPatient advocacy is a core value in medical education. Although students learn about social determinants of health (SDH) in the pre‐clinical years, applying this knowledge to patients during clerkship rotations is not prioritized. Physicians must be equipped to address social factors that affect health and recognize their roles as patient advocates to improve care and promote health equity. We created an experience‐based learning curriculum called Advocacy in Action (AiA) to promote the development and application of health advocacy knowledge and skills during an Internal Medicine (IM) clerkship rotation.MethodsSixty‐six students completed a mandatory curriculum, including an introductory workshop on SDH and patient advocacy using tools for communication, counselling and collaboration skills. They then actively participated in patient advocacy activities, wrote about their experience and joined a small group debriefing about it. Forty‐nine written reflections were reviewed for analysis of the impact of this curriculum on student perspectives.ResultsWritten reflections had prominent themes surrounding advocacy skills development, meaningful personal experiences, interprofessional dynamics in patient advocacy and discovery of barriers to optimal patient care.DiscussionAiA is a novel method to apply classroom knowledge of SDH to the clinical setting in order to incorporate advocacy in daily patient care. Students learned about communication with patients, working with interprofessional team members to create better health outcomes and empathy/compassion from this curriculum. It is important to utilize experiential models of individual patient‐level advocacy during clerkships so that students can continuously reflect on and integrate advocacy into their future careers.
Firm productivity and functional specialisation
Authors: de Vries Gaaitzen , Jiang Aobo , Lemmers Oscar , Wei Shang‐Jin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the relation between productivity and specialisation of firms in business functions. We distinguish between specialisation in R&D, fabrication and marketing based on the firm's employment composition over these functions using unique survey data of Dutch firms. Our results suggest that firms specialised in R&D and marketing are significantly more productive compared to firms specialised in fabrication. We find that measures of upstreamness based on input–output tables do not significantly relate to firm productivity and are uncorrelated to measures of functional specialisation.
Atypical ocular Chelonoid herpesvirus manifestations in a captive Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta)
Authors: Oriá Arianne P. , Silva Danielle N. , Raposo Ana Cláudia , Estrela‐Lima Alessandra , Pires Thaís T. , Gattamorta Marco A. , Zamana Roberta R. , Matushima Eliana R. , Ofri Ron 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA captive loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) of unknown sex, 3 years of age, presented with bilateral mucoid secretions, severe chemosis, conjunctival hyperemia, and globe retraction. The animal was evaluated ophthalmologically and systemically, and hematological, microbiological, and conjunctival cytological and biopsy samples were collected for complementary diagnosis. The histopathological examination showed amphophilic intranuclear inclusions associated with severe inflammatory infiltrate. The diagnosis of Chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 (ChAHV 5) was confirmed with end point PCR. Following systemic treatment with L‐lysine, acyclovir and vitamin A, the ocular signs resolved. No amphophilic intranuclear inclusions were seen in a follow‐up biopsy 5 months later, and there has been no recurrence of clinical ophthalmic signs during a 4‐year follow‐up. It is suggested that ChAHV 5 be considered as a differential diagnosis in captive marine turtles that present for conjunctival disease other than fibropapillomatosis.
Efficient soluble anionic dye removal and antimicrobial properties of ZnO embedded‐ Polyphenylsulfone membrane
Authors: Shukla Arun Kumar , Alam Javed , Ali Fekri Abdulraqeb Ahmed , Alhoshan Mansour 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs a result of the involvement of pollutants in water, there is the need to develop a facile and effective membrane technology that can not only treat dyes, but also kill bacteria in wastewater. In this work, a facile strategy is proposed for the preparation of a nanostructured hybrid membrane based on Polyphenylsulfone containing different ZnO nanoparticle contents. The results confirm that ZnO nanoparticle plays a key role in achieving the efficient removal of soluble anionic dyes from aqueous solution. The optimal membrane exhibits excellent dye rejection approximately 98% with impeccable water flux 19 L/m2h; and exhibits antifouling properties, presenting dye‐fouled flux recovery ratio> 90%. Moreover, an investigation of antibacterial properties of the material showed that the nanostructured hybrid membrane has good antibacterial properties (nearly 6.2 and 6.8) against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the proposed nanostructured hybrid membrane may provide an efficient for treating dye and bacteria in wastewater.
The acute effect of resistance exercise on limb blood flow
Authors: Thomas Kate N. , Kissling Lorenz S. , Gibbons Travis D. , Akerman Ashley P. , van Rij Andre M. , Cotter James D. 
Published: October 2020

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?How does resistance exercise affect peripheral haemodynamics in the active and inactive limb?
What is the main finding and its importance?Preliminary data indicate that resistance exercise increases flow and shear rate in the active limb transiently. The same exercise has minimal, short‐lasting influence on peripheral haemodynamics in the inactive limb, but further research is required to elaborate on resistance exercise‐mediated changes in vascular function in active and inactive limbs.
AbstractCurrent evidence indicates that to achieve maximum health benefits, regular resistance exercise should be a key component of structured physical activity. Several studies have revealed that regular resistance exercise may be associated with impaired vascular function, although this finding is inconsistent. Proposed explanations for impairment include substantial increases in blood pressure and increased retrograde blood flow in active limbs promoted by resistance exercise. However, few studies have examined the acute haemodynamics of resistance exercise in active – and even fewer in inactive – limbs. The purpose of this study was to characterise the haemodynamic responses in peripheral arteries in active and inactive limbs in response to resistance exercise using upper and lower limbs. Ten participants (five male, five female) familiar with resistance training performed three sets of 10 isotonic repetitions of right‐sided bicep curls or knee extensions on separate days. Blood flow, shear rate and muscle oxygenation in the active and inactive limb, and blood pressure were measured before and for 3 min after each set. Blood flow increased in response to resistance exercise in the active limb (∼8‐fold and ∼6‐fold for the upper and lower limb respectively), with concurrent significant increases in mean and antegrade shear rate. In the inactive limb, blood flow more than doubled for both upper and lower limb exercise, transiently, with no significant change in retrograde shear rate. These acute blood flow profiles following resistance exercise are not indicative of long‐term vessel impairment based on current understanding of blood flow and shear stress patterns.
The Use of Partial Stability in the Analysis of Interconnected Systems
Authors: Wang Bo , Ashrafiuon Hashem , Nersesov Sergey G. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we develop sufficient conditions for uniform asymptotic stability of interconnected dynamical systems that are not in cascade form. We show that the stability analysis of a two-subsystem interconnection can be reduced to ensuring the stability of the first nonisolated subsystem with respect to its own state vector (partial stability) and the stability of the isolated second subsystem. In addition, based on the above results, we provide a control design framework for nonlinear systems where the control objective reduces to stabilization of only a part of the system state while guaranteeing the stability for the entire state of the system. We validate the efficacy of the proposed control framework via simulations and experiments using the wheeled mobile robot platform.
Extremum Seeking for Traffic Congestion Control With a Downstream Bottleneck
Authors: Yu Huan , Koga Shumon , Oliveira Tiago Roux , Krstic Miroslav 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper develops boundary control for freeway traffic with a downstream bottleneck. Traffic on a freeway segment with capacity drop at outlet of the segment is a common phenomenon that leads to traffic bottleneck problem. The capacity drop can be caused by lane-drop, hills, tunnel, bridge, or curvature on the road. If incoming traffic flow remains unchanged, traffic congestion forms upstream of the bottleneck since the upstream traffic demand exceeds its capacity. Therefore, it is important to regulate the incoming traffic flow of the segment to avoid overloading the bottleneck area. Traffic densities on the freeway segment are described with the Lighthill–Whitham–Richards (LWR) macroscopic partial differential equation (PDE) model. The incoming flow at the inlet of the freeway segment is controlled so that the optimal density that maximizes the outgoing flow is reached and the traffic congestion upstream of the bottleneck is mitigated. The density and traffic flow relation at the bottleneck area, usually described with fundamental diagram, is considered to be unknown. We tackle this problem using extremum seeking (ES) control with delay compensation for the LWR PDE. ES control, a nonmodel-based approach for real-time optimization, is adopted to find the optimal density for the unknown fundamental diagram. A predictor feedback control design is proposed to compensate the delay effect of traffic dynamics in the freeway segment. In the end, simulation results are obtained to validate a desired performance of the controller on the nonlinear LWR model with an unknown fundamental diagram.
Multistage Time-Optimal Control for Synchronization Process in Electric-Driven Mechanical Transmission With Angle Alignment Considering Torque Response Process
Authors: Lu Ziwang , Tian Guangyu , Onori Simona 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The synchronization process takes up almost one half of the time of the gear-shifting process, and also influences the impacts between the sleeve and the gear ring. To avoid impacts and reduce time duration, a time-optimal control strategy with angle alignment is necessary for the synchronization process. Moreover, to be better accord with practice, the motor torque response process should be taken into account. The parameters in the torque response process depend on control commands, which makes the control problem a multistage one. To solve these issues, a rule-based control strategy is extracted from the dynamic programming (DP) solution of the multistage time-optimal control problem. To obtain this strategy, the dynamic model for the synchronization process with a modified Sigmoid model to precisely depict the torque response process is first solved. Then, the control problem is formulated as a multistage time-optimal control problem with three states and solved by DP. Based on the DP results, a three-stage and a four-stage rule-based control strategies are extracted for normal operation situation and startup situation, respectively. Finally, through comparative studies, the proposed rule-based control strategy can eliminate the speed difference and angle difference simultaneously with almost the same time of the bang–bang control, while the bang–bang control cannot obtain the zero terminals. Moreover, the proposed control strategy only takes 20 ms more than the pure speed synchronization control in the worst case. It would decrease when the initial speed difference increases.
Numerical modeling of tectonic underplating in accretionary wedge systems
Authors: Ruh Jonas B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Many fossil and active accretionary wedge systems show signs of tectonic underplating, which denotes accretion of underthrust material to the base of the wedge. Underplating is a viable process for thickening of the rear part of accretionary wedges, for example as a response to horizontal growth perpendicular to strike. Here, numerical experiments with a visco-elasto-plastic rheology are applied to test the importance of backstop geometry, flexural rigidity, décollement strength, and surface erosion on the structural evolution of accretionary wedges undergoing different modes of sediment accretion, where underplating is introduced by the implementation of two, a basal and an intermediate, décollement levels. Results demonstrate that intense erosion and a strong lower plate hamper thickening of a wedge at the rear, enhancing localized underplating, antiformal stacking, and subsequent exhumation to sustain its critical taper. Furthermore, large strength contrasts between basal and intermediate décollements have an important morphological impact on wedge growth due to different resulting critical taper angles. Presented numerical experiments are compared to natural examples of accretionary wedges and are able to recreate first-order structural observations related to underplating.
Prognostic value of C-reactive protein in adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Geenen Laurie W , Baggen Vivan J M , van den Bosch Annemien E , Eindhoven Jannet A , Kauling Robert M , Cuypers Judith A A E , Roos-Hesselink Jolien W , Boersma Eric 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundHigh-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been associated with outcomes in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD). However, its prognostic value beyond N-terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) or troponin T remains unknown. We studied the temporal evolution of hs-CRP, as well as the relation between hs-CRP and adverse clinical outcomes independent of NT-proBNP and troponin T in patients with ACHD.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, we enrolled 602 patients with ACHD (2011–2013) who underwent baseline and thereafter annual blood sampling during 4 years. Hs-CRP, hs-troponin T and NT-proBNP were measured. The primary endpoint was composed of death or heart failure (HF). Cox regression and Joint Modelling was used to relate 2log hs-CRP levels with the endpoint, with adjustment for baseline characteristics and (repeated) hs-troponin T and NT-proBNP measurements.ResultsHs-CRP was measured at baseline in 591 patients, median age 33 years, 58% men, 90% New York Heart Association I with an average of 4.3 measurements per patient. Median follow-up was 5.9 (IQR 5.3–6.3) years (99.2% complete) and 69 patients met the endpoint. Higher baseline hs-CRP was independently associated with higher risk of death or HF (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.55). Hs-CRP increased over time prior to death or HF, and repeated hs-CRP measurements were associated with the endpoint, independent of repeated NT-proBNP and hs-troponin T (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.98).ConclusionsHs-CRP carries incremental prognostic value for the risk of death or HF, beyond NT-proBNP and hs-troponin T. Hs-CRP increased prior to the occurrence of HF or death, supporting the role of inflammation in the clinical deterioration of patients with ACHD.