bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validating a predictive model of cannabinoid inheritance with feral, clinical, and industrial Cannabis sativa
Authors: Wenger Jonathan P. , Dabney Clemon J. , ElSohly Mahmoud A. , Chandra Suman , Radwan Mohamed M. , Majumdar Chandrani G. , Weiblen George D. 
Published: October 2020

PremiseHow genetic variation within a species affects phytochemical composition is a fundamental question in botany. The ratio of two specialized metabolites in Cannabis sativa, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), can be grouped into three main classes (THC‐type, CBD‐type, and intermediate type). We tested a genetic model associating these three groups with functional and nonfunctional alleles of the cannabidiolic acid synthase gene (CBDAS).MethodsWe characterized cannabinoid content and assayed CBDAS genotypes of >300 feral C. sativa plants in Minnesota, United States. We performed a test cross to assess CBDAS inheritance. Twenty clinical cultivars obtained blindly from the National Institute on Drug Abuse and 12 Canadian‐certified grain cultivars were also examined.ResultsFrequencies of CBD‐type, intermediate‐type, and THC‐type feral plants were 0.88, 0.11, and 0.01, respectively. Although total cannabinoid content varied substantially, the three groupings were perfectly correlated with CBDAS genotypes. Genotype frequencies observed in the test cross were consistent with codominant Mendelian inheritance of the THC:CBD ratio. Despite significant mean differences in total cannabinoid content, CBDAS genotypes blindly predicted the THC:CBD ratio among clinical cultivars, and the same was true for industrial grain cultivars when plants exhibited >0.5% total cannabinoid content.ConclusionsOur results extend the generality of the inheritance model for THC:CBD to diverse C. sativa accessions and demonstrate that CBDAS genotyping can predict the ratio in a variety of practical applications. Cannabinoid profiles and associated CBDAS segregation patterns suggest that feral C. sativa populations are potentially valuable experimental systems and sources of germplasm.
Craniocervical junction issues after infancy in achondroplasia
Authors: Smid Cory J. , Legare Janet M. , Modaff Peggy , Pauli Richard M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMore information is available concerning risks of craniocervical junction issues in infancy than at later ages. Therefore, we elected to quantify the risks at greater than 1 year of age through a retrospective analysis of 477 individuals with achondroplasia using a REDCap database. Evaluation of these 477 individuals revealed 77 (16.1%) who had pathologic neurologic manifestations after 1 year of age related to the craniocervical junction. Within this subpopulation of 77 individuals, 43 (55.8%) underwent craniocervical decompression surgery, or 9.0% of the total population. Whether decompressed or not, most individuals with craniocervical junction issues after infancy had a normal outcome, without long‐term neurological sequelae (57/77, 74.0%). The remaining 20 had various long‐term neurological issues. This is the first cohort based estimate of risks related to the upper cervical spine in individuals with achondroplasia specifically beyond infancy.
Analyse der thermischen Dehnung von Fahrbahndeckenbetonen aus dem BAB‐Netz
Authors: Spilker Alexandra , Stelzner Ludwig , Weise Frank , Wieland Marko 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDie Kenntnis von Materialeigenschaften spielt bei der Entwicklung oder Optimierung von Betonen und Bauweisen für den Straßenbau sowie der Qualitätssicherung eine bedeutende Rolle. Gleichermaßen bilden physikalische Materialkennwerte die Grundlage für die rechnerische Dimensionierung und die Restsubstanzbewertung von Betonfahrbahndecken. Eine relevante Kenngröße bei der Untersuchung thermisch induzierter Spannungs‐ und Verformungszustände stellt der thermische Ausdehnungskoeffizient dar. Im Zuge der systematischen Weiterentwicklung der rechnerischen Dimensionierung, aber auch im Zusammenhang mit der gezielten Verbesserung der Gebrauchseigenschaften von Betonfahrbahndecken gilt es zu hinterfragen, ob lastunabhängige Formänderungseigenschaften der verwendeten Betone aktuell ausreichend Beachtung finden, ob allgemeine Literaturwerte für die heutigen Fahrbahndeckenbetone stets Gültigkeit besitzen und ob deren Implementierung in numerische Modelle zu realitätsnahen Vorhersagen führt. Für eine empirische Herangehensweise ist die Verfügbarkeit adäquater Prüfverfahren von entscheidender Bedeutung. In Deutschland existiert aktuell jedoch kein standardisiertes oder genormtes Verfahren für die prüftechnische Bestimmung des thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten von Beton. Daher wurden unter Beachtung straßenbauspezifischer Gesichtspunkte zwei Prüfansätze entwickelt, die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt sowie hinsichtlich möglicher Messunsicherheiten und Messungenauigkeiten diskutiert werden. Außerdem werden ausgewählte Ergebnisse aus Analysen an Bestandsbetonen aus dem BAB‐Netz dargestellt. Im Ergebnis sollen die Untersuchungen einen Beitrag zur Schaffung der prüftechnischen Voraussetzungen für eine abgesicherte Quantifzierung der thermischen Dehnung von Fahrbahndeckenbetonen leisten.
Biochemistry and molecular biology in health science education: A parallel session at the IUBMB/PSBMB 2019 “Harnessing Interdisciplinary Education in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” conference
Authors: Ha Chung Eun , Kuit Tracey , Nicodemus Nemencio A. , Yu Gracia Fe B. , Macaulay Janet O. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn many health‐related programs biochemistry and molecular biology are core subjects, but these subjects are often not the students main focus. This challenges educators to develop curriculum that demonstrates the relevance of biochemistry and molecular biology and engages these students. This conference session discussed the value of biochemistry and molecular biology education in the health sciences and the methodologies which can be implemented.
Can sustainability report assurance be a collaborative process and practice beyond the ritual of verification?
Authors: Channuntapipat Charika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study examines the role of assurance for sustainability reporting whether it has the role beyond a verification mechanism for corporate sustainability reporting. This paper looks beyond the discourse about managerial and professional capture in sustainability report assurance practice. Drawing on the in‐depth interviews with assurance practitioners for sustainability reporting in the United Kingdom from different professional backgrounds, it provides an evidence‐based illustration on how sustainability report assurance service can contribute to more corporate sustainable actions. The findings also highlight the potential influences of the assurance providers on the assurance process and corporate decision‐making. The conceptualization of the assurance from the service perspective and of the assurance providers as transformational leaders enables this paper to challenge the current framing of the assurance services as a verification ritual that constraint its impacts and contributions to sustainable development.
Corporate sustainability strategies in institutional adversity: Antecedent, outcome, and contingency effects
Authors: Nwoba Arinze Christian , Boso Nathaniel , Robson Matthew J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study examines (i) how top‐level managerial institutional ties drive corporate sustainability strategies of emerging market firms operating under conditions of institutional adversity; (ii) the impact of corporate sustainability strategies on market performance; and (iii) the moderating role of financial resource slack on the relationships between corporate sustainability strategies and market performance. The study builds from institutional development logic and the structure–conduct–performance paradigm. Primary data are collected from 300 firms operating in a major sub‐Saharan African market. Findings show that top‐level managerial institutional linkages with regulatory national governmental officials, local community leaders, and top managers at other firms drive corporate proactive and responsive sustainability strategies, which in turn influence market performance. In addition, the findings reveal that financial resource slack strengthens the path between corporate proactive sustainability strategies and market performance, but not the path between corporate responsive sustainability strategies and market performance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Above and beyond? How businesses can drive sustainable development by promoting lasting pro‐environmental behaviour change: An examination of the IKEA Live Lagom project
Authors: Elf Patrick , Isham Amy , Gatersleben Birgitta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCurrent global changes require new business approaches driving sustainable development on all fronts. To date, most business approaches have focused on sustainable marketing and corporate social responsibility initiatives. In this field study, we examine IKEA's Live Lagom project, a 3‐year behaviour change initiative that aimed to explore how to go above and beyond conventional approaches demonstrating how businesses could support sustainable development by supporting their customers' attempts to live more sustainable lifestyles. We examined the effectiveness of the project involving multifaceted behaviour change interventions, testing for behavioural changes both during and after the project period. In addition, we explored changes in participants' attitudes towards the company. Findings show that the extensive set of interventions led to changes in pro‐environmental behaviours across all three participant groups with potentially positive impacts on the customer–company relationship. The article thus provides a call for further businesses to engage in similar behaviour change projects that would allow citizens to engage in more sustainable lifestyles and behaviours across contexts.
Navigating the Biological‐Material Interface with the Guide of Chemical Biology
Authors: Shieh Peyton 
Published: October 2020

AbstractResearch at the biological‐material interface often has translation in mind, with applications in medical implants, drug delivery, and regenerative medicine. While the clinical impact of this research is undeniable, a clearer picture of the in vivo behavior of materials is needed to address longstanding limitations in performance and function. Advances in chemical biology and biotechnology have propelled our understanding of how small molecules and biologics behave in living systems. Adapting these techniques to the study of synthetic materials, enabled by modern polymer chemistry, will bring molecular resolution to biological‐material interactions and guide the development of next‐generation biomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
Two cycles of adjuvant carboplatin for clinical stage 1 testicular seminoma in New Zealand centres: A retrospective analysis of efficacy and long‐term events
Authors: Chandran Elias A. , Chindewere Aaron , North Richard , Jameson Michael B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdjuvant carboplatin reduces relapse risk in clinical stage 1 (CS1) seminoma, though there is a paucity of long‐term safety data.AimOur objective was to report long‐term outcomes of two cycles of adjuvant carboplatin dosed at area under the time–concentration curve (AUC) of 7.Methods and resultsWe performed a retrospective analysis on treatment and outcomes of patients with CS1 seminoma who received adjuvant carboplatin from 2000 to 2016 at our centres in the Midland Region, New Zealand. Of 159 patients, median age 39 years, 153 received two cycles of carboplatin: 147 dosed at AUC7 and 6 at AUC6. Six patients had one cycle of carboplatin AUC7. One patient relapsed at 22 months and died of bleomycin pneumonitis 2 months after achieving a complete response with BEP chemotherapy. Neither RTI (present in 21.3%) nor tumor size >4 cm (in 43.3%) was predictive of relapse. Median follow‐up was 106 months. At 15 years, outcomes were: relapse‐free survival 99.4%, overall survival 91.4%, disease‐specific survival 100%, subsequent malignant neoplasm rate 7.6%, and second testicular germ cell tumor rate 3.85%. One patient had persistent grade 1 thrombocytopenia at 46 months.ConclusionsThese data add to the body of evidence that two cycles of carboplatin AUC7 is safe and effective adjuvant treatment for CS1 seminoma.
The circuitry of the tumor microenvironment in adult and pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: cellular composition, cytokine profile, EBV, and exosomes
Authors: Nagpal Poonam , Descalzi‐Montoya Dante B. , Lodhi Niraj 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a unique lymphoid malignancy with a tumor microenvironment (TME) consisting of a small number of neoplastic—Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg (H‐RS) cells (<1%), surrounded by a large number of nonneoplastic infiltrating immune cells (>90%). The TME of cHL critically depends on immune cells to support tumor growth as H‐RS cells cannot survive and proliferate in isolation.Recent Findings: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) ligand expressed on H‐RS cells inhibits the clearance of tumor by causing T‐cell exhaustion. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab, PD‐1 inhibitors, have been proven to be effective in treating adult and pediatric patients with R/R cHL. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are a central component of TME and are known to cause poor prognosis in adult HL. However, the prognostic impact of CD68+ TAMs in pediatric HL remains ambiguous. EBV modulates the tumor milieu of HL and plays a strategic role in immune escape by enrichment of the TME with Treg cells and associated immunosuppressive cytokines in adult HL. In contrast, EBV+ pediatric patients have increased infiltration of CD8+ T‐cells and show a better therapeutic response suggesting viral‐related TME is distinct in childhood HL. The role of CASP3 in apoptosis of H‐RS cells and its correlation with response prediction in adult and pediatric HL suggest it may serve as a potential biomarker. In cHL, CD30, EBV, and NF‐κB signaling employ exosomes for cell–cell communication that triggers the migration capacity of fibroblasts, stimulate to produce proinflammatory cytokines, and help to create a tumor‐supportive microenvironment.Conclusion: The cHL microenvironment is distinct in adult and pediatric HL. Future studies are required to understand the role of interplay between H‐RS cells and EBV‐associated microenvironment and their clinical outcome. They may present novel therapeutic targets for the development of antilymphoma therapy.
Cytotoxicity evaluation of dental and orthodontic light‐cured composite resins
Authors: Bationo Raoul , Rouamba Ablassé , Diarra Abdoulaziz , Beugré‐Kouassi Monique Lydie Ahia , Beugré Jean‐Bertin , Jordana Fabienne 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of light‐cured composite resins (Clearfil ES‐2, Clearfil ES Flow, Filtek Supreme XTE, Grengloo, Blugloo, Transbond XT, and Transbond LR) then to assess leachable components in contact with human gingival fibroblasts (GFs) and to quantity detected bisphenol A (BPA).MethodsLight‐cured composite resin discs were immersed for 24 hours in gingival fibroblastic medium (n = 3 for each product) and in control medium (n = 2 for each product) contained in plate. Cytotoxicity of the products (n = 95) was determined by the measure of cell viability using MTT assay after reading the optical densities of the plates. The analysis of leachable components was done by gas phase chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and detected BPA was quantified. The limit of quantification was 0.01 μg/mL. Statistical analyses were performed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U‐tests were applied.ResultsCell viabilities were between 85 and 90%. Many chemical compounds including triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and BPA were identified. The average concentrations were 0.67 μg/mL ± 0.84 in the control medium and 0.73 μg/mL ± 1.05 in the fibroblastic medium. Filtek Supreme XTE presented the highest concentration of BPA with 2.16 μg/mL ± 0.65 and Clearfil ES Flow presented the lowest with 0.25 μg/mL ± 0.35. No BPA was detected with Transbond XT and Transbond LR. Clearfil ES Flow, Filtek Supreme XTE, Grengloo and Transbond LR presented residual TEGDMA.ConclusionsLight‐cured composite resins are slightly cytotoxic opposite GFs and release many components including BPA and TEGDMA. Clinical precautions should be taken to decrease the release of these monomers.
Ambidexterity in the context ofSMEalliances: Does sustainability have a role?
Authors: Russo Angeloantonio , Schena Rosamartina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSmall and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) deal with many challenges that threaten their survival every day. To successfully overcome these challenges, SMEs rely on strategic alliances. Drawing on the innovative concept of ambidexterity, this study focuses on how SME alliances can handle the dilemma of exploration and exploitation to achieve an advantage in terms of financial performance. A sample of 9,673 Italian SMEs aggregated in 1,854 alliances in the period 2010–2015 was used to test the hypotheses, referring to the moderating effect of corporate sustainability on the relationship between ambidextrous strategies and alliance performance. The results show that, in general, SME alliances that do not set sustainability goals prefer a focused alliance to achieve economic benefits; otherwise, if sustainability objectives are considered at the bases of the alliance formation, the greatest economic benefits are linked to an ambidextrous alliance.
An efficient algorithm for weakly compressible flows in spherical geometries
Authors: Frolov Roman , Minev Peter , Takhirov Aziz 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article, we present a direction splitting method, combined with a nonlinear iteration, for the compressible Navier‐Stokes equations in spherical coordinates. The method is aimed at solving the equations on the sphere, and can be used for a regional geophysical simulations as well as simulations on the entire sphere. The aim of this work was to develop a method that would work efficiently in the limit of very small to vanishing Mach numbers, and we demonstrate here, using a numerical example, that the method shows good convergence and stability at Mach numbers in the range [10−2, 10−6]. We also demonstrate the effect of some of the parameters of the model on the solution, on a common geophysical test case of a rising thermal bubble. The algorithm is particularly suitable for a massive parallel implementation, and we show below some results demonstrating its excellent weak scalability.
Behavioral Change in Determinants of the Choice of Fuels amongst Rural Households after the Introduction of Clean Fuel Program: A District‐Level Case Study
Authors: Jaiswal Vaishali Bhole , Meshram Pravin U. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractConsumption of energy is a determinant of the socioeconomic status of many citizens across the globe. The majority of rural households in India are dependent on biomass fuels. Existing data on the factors affecting fuel switching in rural India are insufficient to analyze a behavioral change among families. This paper evaluates the influence of four variables income, education, cost of fuel, and clean fuel supply on fuel adoption decisions. To understand the study population's behavioral change, a Household Survey is conducted in 20 villages (in India's rural district). Along with field observation, data are also collected on energy usage at the household level using a formal questionnaire. Binary logistic regression is applied to establish a link between the variables. Both biomass fuels and Liquefied Petroleum Gas are used mostly for cooking. The prevalence of energy stacking behavior is observed even among middle and upper‐income families. Modest evidence for the “energy ladder” hypothesis is seen, however, a “switch over” to cleaner fuels is not.
Glial endozepines and energy balance: Old peptides with new tricks
Authors: Lebrun Bruno , Barbot Manon , Tonon Marie‐Christine , Prévot Vincent , Leprince Jérôme , Troadec Jean‐Denis 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe contribution of neuroglial interactions to the regulation of energy balance has gained increasing acceptance in recent years. In this context, endozepines, endogenous analogs of benzodiazepine derived from diazepam‐binding inhibitor, are now emerging as major players. Produced by glial cells (astrocytes and tanycytes), endozepines have been known for two decades to exert potent anorexigenic effects by acting at the hypothalamic level. However, it is only recently that their modes of action, including the mechanisms by which they modulate energy metabolism, have begun to be elucidated. The data available today are abundant, significant, and sometimes contradictory, revealing a much more complex regulation than initially expected. Several mechanisms of action of endozepines seem to coexist at the central level, particularly in the hypothalamus. The brainstem has also recently emerged as a potential site of action for endozepines. In addition to their central anorexigenic effects, endozepines may also display peripheral effects promoting orexigenic actions, adding to their complexity and raising yet more questions. In this review, we attempt to provide an overview of our current knowledge in this rapidly evolving field and to pinpoint questions that remain unanswered.
Need for long‐term follow‐up in sinonasal inverted papilloma: A Single‐institution experience
Authors: Binz Gregori H. A. , Soyka Michael B. , Holzmann David , Meerwein Christian M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMost studies on sinonasal inverted papillomas (SNIPs) regarding risk factors for recurrence, recurrence rates (RRs) and malignant transformation are biased by a significant proportion of revision cases.MethodsRetrospective study on patients with consecutive, treatment‐naïve SNIPs at a tertiary referral center between 1999 and 2019.ResultsOverall, RR was 9.8% (10 of 102 patients), with 2 of 10 recurrences (20%) occurring after more than 5 years. Histopathological workup revealed synchronous malignancy in 2 of 102 patients (2%). Subgroup analysis revealed a significantly higher RR for SNIPs involving the frontal sinus (26.3% vs 6.0%, P = .02). No SNIPs primarily originating from the frontal sinus were observed.ConclusionOverall, RR of treatment‐naïve SNIPs is comparably low; however, long‐term follow‐up is mandatory due to late recurrences. Secondary involvement of the frontal sinus was identified as risk factor for recurrence. No SNIPs primarily originating from frontal sinus were observed.