bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Experimental and Characteristic Study of Abaca Fiber Concrete
Authors: Anthony Reynold , Awasthi Surya Yash , Singh Prakhar , Prasath Kumar V.R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The natural fibers can be an effective material to reinforce in concrete to improvedurability and strength, more compared to effect of synthetic materials on concrete. This study states about the effect of concrete with abaca fiber. The specimens of concrete were cast with the addition of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of abaca fiber and the respective tests were carried out on 7, 14 and 28 days of healing to assess compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength. The addition of super plasticizer along with the fiber helped in reducing the water content to match the highwater absorption capability of the fiber in the concrete. Among the above mentioned fiber percentage added to the concrete, it was observed that 0.5% gives the maximum compressive strength, which concludes to be the optimum percentage of abaca fiber addition. Optimum percent of abaca fiber was achieved with the split tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength. Scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis was conducted on reinforced concrete with 0.5 percent abaca fiber to test the picture structure and elementary concrete composition.
An Experimental Study on the Effect of Magnetized Water on Mechanical Properties of Concrete
Authors: Venkatesh S , Jagannathan P , Prasath kumar V R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This experimental study involves the examination of magnetized water on the workability and strength properties of the concrete. The water is magnetized in static treatment process with two different strengths of magnetswith 0.986 and 2 Tesla. The water exposed to magnetic fieldis used in concrete on replacing ordinary water it results to increasethe workability and mechanical properties of the concrete. The compressive, split tensile and flexural strength tests wascarried using 24hour magnetized water in production of concrete. Concrete made with magnetized water possess higher strength than concrete made with ordinary water. The extent of the study is to improve the nature of the water according to the standards and reduce the water-cement ratio thereby reduce the utilization of cement content and porosity of the concrete.
APPLICATION OF MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING OF SETTING INPUT PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR DRILLED PRODUCT QUALITY OF Al Si7 Cu4
Authors: Balasubramanian S , Asvath G , Sundar Singh Sivam S P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Apparently, the drilling geometry and treatment influence the drill operation and its performance. Factually, the performance given by the drill bit is powerfully associative with efficiency, hence with economical fabrication. As a further matter, typical performance indicator, that is deviation from diameter, Cylindricity, tool wear, surface roughness is have been changed by drilling geometry. This fact that stress needed for novelty in drill design with further performance indicator optimization for quality of hole. In that prospect, here new drilling geometries were used. Various Drilling trials stayed directed utilizing the L9 orthogonal array. Various treatment processes like heat treatment, cryogenic or untreated (just as received) were carried out. Various tool nomenclature involving changing of helix angle were considered. The investigation performed on AlSi7Cu4 alloy with standard cutting tool, utilized all by trial made under dry cutting conditions. Later, drills were used to obtain hole on AlSi7Cu4, and their performance were examined and optimized to suggest optimum constraints of best attention. To estimate the performance of the drills, the drill quality of the hole stayed studied in terms of deviation of diameter, Cylindricity, and tool wear, surface roughness by the parameter optimization and the percentage of contribution were carried out by VIKOR methodology. As a result, geometry was developed by consideration of these negativities, and was found to show up superiority in performance when compared to other geometries in terms of quality of hole.
Effect of Stone-Thrower-Walls Defect on Mechanical Properties of Bi-layer Graphene - A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Joshi Mukul , Sharma Ekant , Anand Ankur , Thirugnanam M. , Rajasekaran G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper mainly focusing on the effects of topological defects like Stone-Thrower-Wales (STW) defect on the mechanical properties of bilayer graphene. The effect of STW defects on crack propagation mechanism were analyzed using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation. The results obtained are plotted to visualize the failure characteristics and the maximum stress that the material can withstand before undergoing fracture. These data are then validated with literature and experimentally obtained data.
The effects of cutting environment on surface roughness and tool life in milling of AISI 4340
Authors: Muhamad Shalina Sheik , Ghani Jaharah A. , Che Haron Che Hassan , Yazid Hafizal 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this work, AISI 4340 alloy was machined using PVD tungsten multilayer TiAlN/AlCrN coated carbide inserts under two different cutting environments: cryogenic cooling using liquid nitrogen (LN) and dry cutting condition. The experiments were performed at varying cutting parameters of cutting speed: 200–300 m/min, feed rate: 0.15–0.30 mm/tooth, axial depth of cut: 0.3–0.5 mm, and radial depth of cut: 0.2-0.5 mm. Nine variations in tool life and surface roughness were observed when machining under different machining parameters of AISI 4340 at 32 HRC. The analysis includes the tool life and surface roughness as well as its relationship. Cryogenic LN showed significant improvement towards increasing the tool life to a maximum of 41.7% relative to dry cutting. The experiment showed that the cryogenic application was able to reduce the surface roughness by up to 43.9 % when compared to dry machining. Thus application of cryogenic cooling reduces tool wear, reduces cutting temperature and produces good surface quality which is believed to be the main factor causing an improvement compared to dry cutting.
Contouring reflective plates through image resizing and Iterative Intensity Integration Technique (IIIT)
Authors: Vijaya A , Subramanian G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Iterative Intensity Integration Technique (IIIT) is an intensity based correlation technique used to obtain the slope and curvature of loaded reflecting plates. Energy conservation principle forms the basis for this technique. The total quantity of light reflected by specimen before and after loading is assumed to be identical. It is best suited for contouring reflective plates that produce constant image size in load and unload state. But the corner and simply supported plates having the free edges to rotate while loading make reflected image enlarge/shrinks. Hence, preprocessing one of the images is mandatory to make it equal to size of other. In this present study, reflecting plates of corner supported rhombus and rectangular plate with holes are chosen and the experiments are conducted for central loading. One of images is resized and those images are subjected to IIIT. A suitable correction procedure is applied to results obtained from IIIT to get the final result. The same plates are modelled using ANSYS for known displacement and the partial slope and curvature values are determined. The obtained ANSYS results are exported to MATLAB for comparison of results with experiments and the least square errors are presented.
Experimental Exploration on Surface Roughness in Abrasive Water Jet machining using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Venkata Ravi Kumar S , Muniappan A , Bharathiraja G , Karunagaran N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents research work involved in AWJ machining of AZ91 mg alloy material. AWJ critical has been confirmed to be an operative technology for processing numerous engineering materials. Surface abnormality of machined quantities is single and the most significant machining appearances that play an significant role in responsible the quality of machineries. Procedure parameters namely, traverse speed, water density and stand-off distances are measured in the current study. The properties of these parameters on surface quality have been studied based on the investigational results. Extreme pressure and lowest stand-off distance cause falling down in the surface quality in AZ91 magnesium alloy.
How to Burn? Straight vs Horizontal vs Suspended
Authors: Rakshantha M , Venkat Yeleti Bunny , Sanjana S , Gousik R , Kannan B T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Burning is an inevitable process that happens in nature and has a massive impact on life. Technically, burning or combustion emphasizes on the reaction process that consumes oxidizer and fuel to deliver heat and burnt products. Based on the direction of reaction propagation and fuel orientation, burning or combustion is classified in to forward or reverse combustion. Forward combustion is a process which comprises of movement of air and the propagation of ignition zone in the same direction while in reverse combustion, air moves opposite to the direction of the propagation of the ignition zone. Forward combustion escalates rapidly in solid fuels when compared to reverse combustion. The conductivity of the burning solid fuel, convection due to the atmospheric air around and buoyancy effects which takes place due to the difference in air densities plays a major role in the forward combustion process. In this work, thin uniform cross-sectioned solid materials such as matchsticks, candles and incense sticks have been considered as fuel to investigate forward flaming and smoldering. The experiments were carried out in ambient atmospheric conditions. The results based on visualizations suggest that the orientation of the fuel has a greater impact on burning rates and provides us the information on how to burn it in a beneficial way.
Smoldering Combustion of Hexagonal Incense Material with Forced Airflow
Authors: Venkat Yeleti Bunny , Rakshantha M , Sanjana S , Sri Vijay Prabhu R , Kannan B T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Most of the forest fires and building fires are occurring due to the low-temperature flame-less phenomenon called smoldering combustion. The present study is carried for the understanding of fluid flow patterns over the fuel and also fuel under smoldering combustion. The fuel equipped here is a hexagon since most of the modern architectural shapes for buildings, parking lots, hexagon-shaped houses, honeycomb-patterned facades, etc. Regression rates are calculated for the fuel under smoldering. For experimentation, a tabletop wind tunnel is fabricated, and an axial fan is fixed with a speed regulator to investigate the smoldering combustion under the flow and behavior of the fluid flow. The results suggest that the smoldering phenomenon is significantly dependent on the orientation, flow speed and the direction of smoldering with respect to the flow.
Design and development of impinging jet facility for flow visualization studies
Authors: Rather Abdul Hamid , Kannan B T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Smoke flow visualization is employed to investigate the behavior of a round jet issuing from a straight tube and impinging on a flat plate or bodies mounted on a support. Smoke jet impingement facility is a tool used in aerodynamic research to provide information about the behavior of a round jet of smoke impinging on a model. The smoke impingement jet facility utilizes smoke as seeding for scattering towards visualization. In this study, an impingement jet facility is designed and fabricated that ought to be of low price and straightforward to use. This project aims to offer educators and students an economical means to demonstrate flow impingement over completely different objects employing an easy variety of construction. This work utilizes a smoke generator that can produce good quality smoke and have sufficient density to be visible. The application of this smoke jet impingement jet facility over several test visualization techniques is that it produces high-quality visualizations. The facility has proven to be an economic addition in supporting other research projects and is anticipated to be a valuable ‘hands-on’ addition to existing aerospace laboratory teaching.
Heat transfer analysis of the DOT 4 brake fluid using a double pipe heat exchanger
Authors: Sharma C , Siddiqui M , Imran Md , Manikandaraja G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An important factor in the heat exchanger is the enhancement of the heat transfer rate. Heat exchangers succumb to numerous losses resulting because of convection, conduction, and radiation from the experimental set-up which hinders its performance. This project focuses on developing a parallel flow model for the analysis of DOT4 brake fluid considering the numerous energy losses based on experimental results. Various parameters like mass flow rate, inlet temperature on the overall heat transfer rate, and their effects are studied. Basis of the results, parameters are considered for better performance which has been taken into consideration for doing theoretical calculations. This project aims at analyzing the brake fluid both experimentally and theoretically by fabrication of the heat exchanger using mild steel and copper, henceforth experimenting to obtain the analysis of the fluid.
Mathematical modelling and analysis of solar water collector with flat and V-groove absorber plate with helical and plain water flow path tubes
Authors: Navakrishnan S , Sudhakar P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A mathematical model for Solar Flat Plate Collector (SFPC) has been developed to compare the thermal performance between different geometrical profiles of the collector like Flat plate, V-groove absorber plate and with plain and helical strip inserted in the absorber tube. Water, used as working fluid, is passed through the tubes to investigate the thermal performance. Different geometry of the absorber plate and tube are used to increase the heat gain by the collector. The temperatures at inlet and outlet are measured and analysis of collector recovery factor, heat gain, losses like bottom loss, edge loss and efficiency of collector has been done. The comparative study on the thermal performance shows 4% higher collector efficiency for helical strip absorber tube than the other geometric profiles. Also, the results of mathematical analysis closely agree with the experimental results.
Modeling and simulation of an active solar water heating system for Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
Authors: Raji L , Shodiya S , Ngala G M , Baba M T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The recent interests in renewable energy throughout the world has created a need for research in the area of solar technology, specially solar water heating system. A numerical experimental investigation was conducted to develop a model of an active solar water heating system to produce domestic hot water at 90oC using Typical meteorogical year (TMY 2) solar weather condition data of Maiduguri. The numerical experiment was used for simulation and TRNSYS 16 software was also used to determine the hourly thermal performance of the model. The main component of the TRNSYS deck file constructed for this purpose is Type 109, accompanied by other components require for the model. TMY 2 weather data of Maiduguri was processed to obtain the monthly average daily hot water for Maiduguri, and the recommended average day of each months were also used. The weather condition of the month of August was considered for the design. The result of simulation shows that an active solar system collector area of 2.04m2 with inlet flow rate of 120kg/hour for hot water application, tilted at an angle of 12o to the horizontal would be capable of producing daily domestic hot water of 0.1m3 volume to the desired temperature of 90o C. The validation computed by using statistical tool of Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient Efficiency (NSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) reveal the system ambient temperature and storage tank temperature of 1.60C,0.82 and 3.60C,0.96 respectively. For the experiment conducted, the model has capacity of predicting the performance of system with 82% and 96% degree of accuracy for that the experiment conducted. The early hours of each months as compared by the collectors showed that the serpentine solar collector has higher thermal performance than the riser-header flat plate collector but after 15:00 hours, Riser-header solar collector performance is better. This means that that riser-header solar collector has higher performance better than serpentine solar collector.
On the effect of repulsive magnetic field on partially premixed flames
Authors: Revanth A V , Malaikannan G , Malhotra Vinayak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The premixed flames are important with wide range of applications from burners, gas turbine combustor, mixing studies to practical, functional, engineering and scientific research applications. One of the interesting cases of premixed flames is partially premixed flames which has redirected the attention of the scientific community. The partially premixed flames represent incomplete burning, safety hazards, heterogeneous heat and mass transfer. The flame stability of premixed flames comprises an integral role in most of the propulsion applications. For efficient combustion operations and applications, flame stability is mandatory and different approaches have been tried. However, the complexity of the problem has prevented a thorough understanding. One aspect of transitional energy interaction which is yet to be tried is the interaction of magnetic energy with the thermal energy in partially premixed flames. The energy interactions are likely to alter the high energy field supporting flame stabilization and control. The major application includes, enhancement of fundamental understanding and optimization of potential gas turbine combustors, spacecrafts and magnetic nozzles etc. Thorough experimental investigation was carried out utilizing Bunsen burner and designated magnets for varying number of external energy sources, continual variation in interspace distances, and different configurations in repulsion fields. The magnetic effect on the flames is characterized in terms of geometric flame classification viz., Blue flame length (BFL), Yellow flame length (YFL) and Gross flame length (GFL) along with the visible structural changes in the flames. Results clearly state that presence of magnetic energy in the immediate vicinity significantly affect the flame behaviour. With systematic reduction in the separation distance, a non-monotonous drop in the BFL is observed for the cases of 2,3,4 magnet configuration(s) with reduction in the interspace distance.
Exploration of Zeolite 5A as a catalyst in the after-treatment system of a CI engine powered by plastic oil blend
Authors: Premkumar S , Balaji G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Catalytic converters are commonly used for automotive engines to reduce regulatory emissions. Catalysts used in commercial converters are expensive and they work in particular temperature ranges. To overcome those problems, Zeolite 5A powder is chosen and used as a catalytic material in the catalytic converter to reduce the emissions from the Compression Ignition (CI engine). Zeolite 5A was molded into solid by adding distilled water and carboxymethyl cellulose as binder material. The prepared solid mold was used as catalytic material in the exhaust gas after-treatment system. The waste plastics were pyrolyzed into oil and blended equivalently with diesel (50:50 ratios) for this investigation. The performance and emission readings were taken by varying the engine loads (0, 1.32, 2.6, 3.9 and 5.2 kW) in the single-cylinder 5.2 kW CI engine. The NO and HC emission were reduced by 37% and 33% respectively at the full load condition.
A Numerical Approach to Study the Steady State Heat Transfer Characteristics of an Annular Porous Heat Exchanger
Authors: Ghosh Subhankar , Senthilkumar S. , Deep Dewanshu , Bharanitharan K. J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Heat exchangers are one of the most heavily studied devices and extensive work has been performed over the years to increase their effectiveness. The present work investigates the heat transfer characteristics of an APHE (annular porous heat exchanger) in terms of different parameters. A modified design for the APHE is proposed, which resembles a conventional double pipe heat exchanger, with the annular portion of the outer pipe filled with a specific type of porous medium in order to intensify the heat transfer process. Commercial CFD package ANSYS Fluent has been utilized to investigate the performance of the proposed design numerically. Introduction of porous medium induces an increase in pressure loss which is undesirable; hence, a trade-off is present between hydrodynamic and thermodynamic performance. In the present work different inlet parameters have been modified such as different values of porosity (70% to 90%), different inlet velocities of hot fluid (1 m/s to 9 m/s), different inlet velocities of cold fluid (5 mm/s to 25 mm/s), and different inlet temperature of hot fluid (400 K to 480K), and their effects on the outlet parameters have been studied. The change in heat transfer has been presented quantitatively along with other significant parameters such as mass flow rate, pressure drop and hot gas outlet temperature. These results have been compared with the values for conventional heat exchangers in order to establish the effectiveness of APHE.
A computational study and experiments to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of a small naturally aspirated diesel engine through changes in combustion chamber geometry, injection parameters and EGR
Authors: Menon Pradeep , Kamble Tushar , Mittal Mayank 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Investigation of the combustion process in engines for improved fuel economy and emissions is best done by combining experiments and simulations. In the present work both experiments and simulations are conducted considering a naturally aspirated common-rail direct-injection (CRDI) diesel engine. The CFD model is developed based on experiments conducted at two operating points, representing to a 0.9 l, two-cylinder, diesel engine. The developed CFD model is then used to study the effects of different in-cylinder strategies attempted at reducing emissions, without compromising on performance. Previous researches conducted on diesel engine CFD simulations are generally based on large-bore large-capacity single-cylinder engines, and mostly investigated a single operating point. The present study investigates the effects of combustion chamber geometry, injection timing, multiple injections as well as EGR, individually as well as in combination, on NOx and soot emissions, at two different operating points in a small naturally aspirated CRDI diesel engine.
Development of a CFD Model and Validation with PIV-data to Study the Fluid Motion in a Small PFI SI Engine
Authors: Alam Afaque , Shinde Gaurav , Mittal Mayank 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In-cylinder fluid motion has a substantial impact on air-fuel mixture formation, combustion process and emission formation. In the present paper, a simulation study of the in-cylinder fluid flow is performed using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model of a port-fuel-injection (PFI) engine (volume: 110 cc). First, a 1-D model is developed, and validated with the cylinder pressure traces acquired in an optical engine experimentally. The model provided the boundary conditions for multi-dimensional numerical simulations. The predicted velocity fields from CFD are then compared with the measured data obtained using particle image velocimetry (PIV) at various crank angle positions with low throttle opening condition. A good relevance is observed on comparing numerically estimated results with experimental results.