bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison using standardized measures for patients with irritable bowel syndrome: Trust in the gastroenterologist and reliance on the internet
Authors: Rotaru Tudor‐Ștefan , Frățilă Ovidiu Cristian , Bărboi Oana , Ciortescu Irina , Mihai Cătălina , Anton Carmen , Ștefănescu Gabriela , Drug Vasile 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients’ use of the Internet for health information interacts with the way they trust their gastroenterologist. No standardized measure has targeted IBS patients and gastroenterologists specifically, nor their use of the Internet. The aims of this paper were as follows: the development of a scale that measures an IBS patient's trust in their gastroenterologist, the development of a scale measuring an IBS patient's reliance on Internet health information, and testing the hypothesis that IBS patients, who use the Internet for IBS‐related information, trust their gastroenterologist less than those who do not.MethodA total of 82 patients (mean age 49, SD = 14.62) diagnosed with IBS completed two questionnaires: one about trust in their gastroenterologist and the other about the reliance on Internet health information regarding IBS. The two questionnaires were built using current literature as well as our previous qualitative research. The statistical computations were performed using the SPSS 20 program.Key ResultsBoth questionnaires proved to be reliable in measuring gastroenterologist‐IBS patient trust (alpha = 0.87) and Internet information reliance (alpha = 0.88), respectively. The IBS patients who did not look for information about IBS over the Internet had significantly higher trust in their gastroenterologist compared with those who did (U = 535.5; z = −2.26;P < 0.05).ConclusionsWe developed two ready‐to‐use scales to measure both the gastroenterologist‐IBS patient's trust and the IBS patient's reliance on the Internet. Further studies will be able to explore the interaction among all variables in IBS patients’ trust.
Weight change from childhood to adulthood and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in adulthood: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Sun Jiahong , Xi Bo , Yang Lili , Zhao Min , Juonala Markus , Magnussen Costan G. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe magnitude of the associations between life‐course change in weight status and health outcomes in adulthood has been inconsistent. This study aims to examine the associations between weight change from childhood to adulthood and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and outcomes in adulthood. PubMed, Embase and ISI Web of Science between 1 August 1953 and 13 July 2020 were searched, and a total of 52 eligible articles were included. The systematic review supported significant associations between the life‐course increase in BMI and high odds of markers in adulthood. In the meta‐analyses, normal weight in childhood but excess weight in adulthood or persistent excess weight was associated with increased odds of adult markers. However, those who had excess weight in childhood but were normal weight in adulthood did not have increased odds of nearly all adult markers. This systematic review and meta‐analysis suggest that individuals who developed excess weight in adulthood or had excess weight in both periods had higher odds of developing CVD risk factors and outcomes in adulthood. In contrast, the probability of these adult markers could be limited or eliminated for children with excess weight who are able to become adults with normal weight.
Left atrial appendage and atrial septal occlusion in elderly patients with atrial septal defect and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Leong Ming Chern , Kandavello Geetha , Husin Azlan , Perumal Deventhiren , Kaur Khelae Surinder 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundElderly patients with atrial septal defect (ASD) often present with chronic atrial fibrillation and large left to right shunt. This study reports the experience of left atrial appendage (LAA) and ASD closure in patients with significant ASD and chronic atrial fibrillation.MethodsWe report six consecutive elderly patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and significant ASD who underwent LAA and fenestrated ASD closure from January 1, 2014 until December 31, 2019. All periprocedural and long‐term (>1 year) outcomes were reported.ResultsSix patients (male: 33.3%; mean age: 66.8 ± 3.3 years) were included. Mean CHADS2, CHA2DS2‐VASc, and HAS‐BLED scores were 2.33 ± 0.82, 3.83 ± 0.75, and 1.83 ± 0.75. Four patients underwent simultaneous procedure, while two patients underwent a staged procedure. Procedural success was achieved in all patients. Total occlusion was achieved during LAA occlusion without device embolization prior to ASD closure. Patients who underwent simultaneous procedure had a shorter total hospital stay and lower total hospital stay. During a follow‐up period of 32.8 ± 19.4 months, both the devices were well seated. No device‐related thrombosis or erosion reported. All patients remained in atrial fibrillation. No patients experienced any thromboembolic stroke or transient ischemic attack.ConclusionsLAA and ASD closure is feasible and can be safely performed in the same seating in elderly patients with a significant ASD.
User guide to MiT‐TFE isoforms and post‐translational modifications
Authors: Vu Hong Nhung , Dilshat Ramile , Fock Valerie , Steingrímsson Eiríkur 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF) is at the core of melanocyte and melanoma fate specification. The related factors TFEB and TFE3 have been shown to be instrumental for transcriptional regulation of genes involved in lysosome biogenesis and autophagy, cellular processes important for mediating nutrition signals and recycling of cellular materials, in many cell types. The MITF, TFEB, TFE3, and TFEC proteins are highly related. They share many structural and functional features and are targeted by the same signaling pathways. However, the existence of several isoforms of each factor and the increasing number of residues shown to be post‐translationally modified by various signaling pathways poses a difficulty in indexing amino acid residues in different isoforms across the different proteins. Here, we provide a resource manual to cross‐reference amino acids and post‐translational modifications in all isoforms of the MiT‐TFE family in humans, mice, and zebrafish and summarize the protein accession numbers for each isoform of these factors in the different genomic databases. This will facilitate future studies on the signaling pathways that regulate different isoforms of the MiT‐TFE transcription factor family.
Shear wave elastography for evaluation of the urgency of liver transplantation in pediatric patients with biliary atresia
Authors: Gu Li‐hong , Gu Guang‐xiang , Fang Hua , Xia Qiang , Li Feng‐hua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the role of two‐dimensional shear wave elastography (2D‐SWE) in the preoperative evaluation of pediatric patients with biliary atresia awaiting liver transplantation.MethodsAmong a total of 152 pediatric patients enrolled in this single‐institution prospective study between March 2018 and August 2019, 143 patients (age range, 4‐97 months; median age, 7 months; 84 males, 59 females) who underwent successful routine ultrasound examination, SWE examination, and blood test before liver transplantation were included in the final analysis. The values of liver stiffness measured by SWE were compared with ultrasound and blood test parameters by Spearman's correlation analysis.ResultsThe overall median liver stiffness with 2D‐SWE was 29.0 ± 10.9 kPa, with a range of 9.0‐53.3 kPa. The success rate of 2D‐SWE measurements was 98.0% (149/152). Liver stiffness measurement (LSMs) had no significant correlation with gender, age, weight, and height of the pediatric recipients. LSMs were correlated with ultrasound parameters including portal vein (PV) maximum velocity, PV direction, hepatic artery resistance index (HARI), spleen diameter, ascites, and blood test parameters (albumin level, platelet count level, and international normalized ratio). In the pediatric recipients with hepatofugal PV flow, high HARI (HARI ≧ 0.90), and ascites, or without Kasai operation, LSMs were significantly higher (P < .05).ConclusionsSWE is feasible and valuable for assessing liver damage in children with biliary atresia awaiting liver transplantation and might be used as selection criteria for children in need of priority access to liver transplantation.
Service learning in public health nursing education: How COVID‐19 accelerated community‐academic partnership
Authors: Gresh Ashley , LaFave Sarah , Thamilselvan Veena , Batchelder Anne , Mermer Jenna , Jacques Keilah , Greensfelder Amy , Buckley Melissa , Cohen Zeke , Coy Ann , Warren Nicole 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDays after COVID‐19 physical distancing precautions were implemented, a coalition of community leaders in Baltimore City founded the Baltimore Neighbors Network (BNN), a volunteer network established to provide proactive phone‐based support to older adults in Baltimore City. BNN was a community‐driven approach aimed at reducing social isolation and improving health equity both during the pandemic and long‐term. This paper describes how the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing's (JHUSON) public health nursing clinical faculty and students partnered with BNN to support a community‐driven crisis response effort while creatively meeting student learning objectives. While engaging in the work of BNN remotely, nursing students were able to meet competencies across all eight domains of the Quad Council Coalition of Public Health Nursing Organizations. Schools of Nursing throughout the country can use this partnership as a model of a service‐learning strategy for public health nursing education during a crisis.
An Efficient and Robust Method for Selective Conversion of Aniline to Azobenzene Using nano‐TiO2‐P25‐SO3H, under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Hosseini Saber , Amoozadeh Ali 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNano‐TiO2‐P25‐SO3H as our previous report has successfully been utilized to synthesize azobenzene through the selective conversion of aniline under visible light irradiation. According to PL emission spectra, the immobilizing a solid Brønsted acid of ‐SO3H groups on the pure‐TiO2‐P25 surface with a close interface is an approach to amplify the nano‐TiO2‐P25 response to visible light, which can productively hinder the recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes as carriers. Therefore, the photocatalytic activity of the semiconductor is highly likely to increase. Photooxidation of aniline to azobenzene was achieved by applying nano‐TiO2‐P25‐SO3H (Eg = 2.6 eV) that activated by blue photons (λmax = 460 nm), green photons (λmax = 510 nm) and red photons (λmax = 630 nm) which is introducing as a sustainable procedure. Central composite design (CCD) was employed for evaluating the effects of photocatalyst amount, oxidant concentration and irradiation time on the synthesis of azobenzene by this approach. Easily synthesizing, recyclability of the photocatalyst, mild reaction condition and short reaction time could be considered as plus points of this process.
What explains trade costs? Institutional quality and other determinants
Authors: Hou Yulin , Wang Yun , Xue Wenjun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of institutional quality on trade costs across 133 countries during 1995–2014. The results show that good institutional quality significantly reduces the three types of trade costs, that is, total trade costs, trade costs of agricultural goods, and trade costs of manufactured goods. Furthermore, the effect of institutional quality is significant in reducing trade costs with regard to the different trading country pairs, the different subperiods, the components of institutional quality, and the endogeneity issue. This paper contributes to the literature by confirming a significant and negative relationship between institutional quality and trade costs from a global perspective.
A Bayesian Quest for Finding a Unified Model for Predicting Volleyball Games
Authors: Egidi Leonardo , Ntzoufras Ioannis 
Published: September 2020

SummaryVolleyball is a team sport with unique and specific characteristics. We introduce a new two-level hierarchical Bayesian model which accounts for these volleyball-specific characteristics. In the first level, we model the set outcome with a simple logistic regression model. Conditionally on the winner of the set, in the second level, we use a truncated negative binomial distribution for the points earned by the losing team. An additional Poisson-distributed inflation component is introduced to model the extra points played in the case that the two teams have a point difference less than two points. The number of points of the winner within each set is deterministically specified by the winner of the set and the points of the inflation component. The team-specific abilities and the home effect are used as covariates on all layers of the model (set, point and extra inflated points). The implementation of the proposed model on the Italian SuperLega 2017–2018 data shows exceptional reproducibility of the final league table and satisfactory predictive ability.
Scuttling towards monophyly: phylogeny of the mega‐diverse genus Megaselia (Diptera: Phoridae)
Authors: Hartop Emily , Häggqvist Sibylle , Ulefors Sven Olof , Ronquist Fredrik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe genus Megaselia Rondani (Diptera: Phoridae) is one of the largest in the animal kingdom, with nearly 1700 described species and many remaining to be discovered. Work on this group is notoriously challenging due to the extreme species diversity, poor knowledge of higher‐level relationships and lack of molecular data. In this paper, we present the largest study to date of Megaselia relationships based on molecular data from one nuclear (28S rDNA) and three mitochondrial (ND1, COI and 16S) markers for 175 Nordic specimens representing 145 species of Megaselia, plus outgroups. Based on phylogenetic analyses of these data, we propose 22 informal Megaselia species groups, all of which match well‐supported terminal clades. Relationships among these groups, and between them and several isolated species, remain largely uncertain. Of the 22, 20 species groups fall into a moderately well‐supported monophyletic clade of ‘core Megaselia’. Two species groups, the spinigera and ruficornis groups, fall outside of core Megaselia, as does the single representative of Myriophora, a genus that is included in Megaselia by some specialists. Here, we explore the morphology of these molecular species groups to aid future studies, and we discuss the implications of our findings for the generic circumscription of Megaselia. Hopefully, our results can aid further characterization of subgroups within the enormous Megaselia radiation and among its closest relatives, thus facilitating future work on this challenging but fascinating group of small flies.
Immunoexpression of epithelial membrane antigen in canine meningioma: Novel results for perspective considerations
Authors: Mandara Maria Teresa , Foiani Greta , Silvestri Serenella , Chiaradia Elisabetta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEpithelial membrane antigen (EMA) is one of the most widely used diagnostic immunohistochemical markers for human meningioma. To date, no published study on EMA expression in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of canine meningioma is available. Here, we describe the results of an immunohistochemical study on 25 FFPE canine meningiomas using a monoclonal anti‐human EMA antibody. All meningiomas showed positive staining for EMA with cytoplasmic pattern, in nine cases associated with membranous staining. Area and intensity of staining were highly variable among cases. No clear relationships between tumour subtype/grade and area/intensity of staining were found. However, epithelial‐like patterns showed a higher affinity for EMA compared to the mesenchymal one. The present study provides the basis to explore the potential diagnostic application of this marker in canine meningioma. To investigate EMA expression in other central nervous system tumours of dogs are necessary to assess the specificity of this marker.
Comparison of dried sludge and sludge ash for phosphorus recovery with acidic and alkaline leaching
Authors: Semerci Neslihan , Ahadi Saifurahman , Coşgun Sevil 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNowadays, the recovery of phosphorus has been in the spotlight due to its importance for food security and depleting sources. In this study, phosphorus recovery from dried sewage sludge and sludge ash by acid and alkaline leaching was evaluated. Optimum extraction time and temperature were determined as two hours and ambient temperature. Results showed the superiority of strong acidic conditions for leaching; 75 ml/g with 0.4N HCl and 25 ml/g with 0.6N HCl were determined as optimum conditions to achieve efficient phosphorus dissolution from sludge ash (94.6%) and dried sludge (91.1%), respectively, with the lower heavy metal concentrations. Lower L/S ratio put forward the dried sludge as a more advantageous resource for phosphorus extraction. Besides, by alkaline leaching of sludge ash and dried sludge, 60.3 and 70.3% phosphorus dissolutions were achieved with 75 ml/g and 1N NaOH; and the leachate was a suitable product for phosphorus precipitation due to its high pH.
Long-term oxygen therapy in children with sickle cell disease and hypoxaemia
Authors: Liguoro Ilaria , Arigliani Michele , Singh Bethany , Rees David , Inusa Baba P D , Gupta Atul 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the acceptability and safety profile of nocturnal long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and chronic hypoxaemia.DesignRetrospective cohort study.Patients, setting and interventionChildren with SCD who started LTOT from 2014 to early 2019 in two tertiary hospitals in London, UK were retrospectively enrolled. Patients who started disease-modifying therapies <12 months before LTOT or while on LTOT were excluded.Main outcome measuresMinor and major adverse events during LTOT were reported. Laboratory and clinical data, transcranial Doppler (TCD) scans and overnight oximetry studies performed at steady state within 12 months before and after starting LTOT were compared.ResultsNineteen children (10 males; median age 12 years, range 6–15) were included. Nearly half of them (9/19; 47%) were on hydroxyurea at baseline. No child discontinued LTOT because of intolerance or poor adherence. No major adverse events were reported. Laboratory data did not show significant changes in haemoglobin and reticulocyte count after 1 year of follow-up. No statistically significant change in the incidence of vaso-occlusive pain events was noted (median annual rate from 0.5 to 0 episode per patient/year; p=0.062). Overnight oximetry tests performed while on LTOT showed improvements in all oxygen saturation parameters (mean overnight and nadir SpO2, % of time spent with SpO2 <90%) compared with the baseline.ConclusionLTOT is a safe and feasible treatment option for children with SCD and chronic hypoxaemia.
Small choroidal melanoma: outcomes following apical height dose brachytherapy
Authors: Yupari Renato Jose , Bena James , Wilkinson Allan , Suh John , Singh Arun 
Published: September 2020

AimTo assess the outcomes of small choroidal melanoma following iodine-125 episcleral brachytherapy (apical height dose of 85 Gy).MethodsPatients with small choroidal melanoma that underwent iodine-125 episcleral brachytherapy between January 2004 and December 2017 were reviewed. Inclusion criterion for this study was the COMS small tumour size (tumour apical height of 1.0–2.5 mm and largest basal diameter (LBD) <16.0 mm). Patients that received any form of prior therapy or adjuvant transpupillary thermotherapy were excluded. Outcome measures were visual acuity (VA), recurrence, ocular survival and metastasis at 3 years. Kaplan-Meier estimation was calculated for VA, recurrence, ocular survival and survival outcome (overall and metastasis-free survival rate) at 3 years.Results161 cases of choroidal melanoma were included in this study, with the mean (SD) age of 59.6 (14.1) years, and 93 (58%) were males. The mean (SD) apical height for the tumours were 2.1 (0.4) mm and mean (SD) LBD was 8.3 (2.2) mm. The mean (SD, median) follow-up was 40.7 months (37.1, 25 months). The VA was 20/50 or better in 69%. Only one recurrence event (1%) and one enucleation event (1%) were observed. Overall survival was 97%, and no metastatic events were observed at 3 years.ConclusionSmall choroidal melanomas treated with iodine-125 episcleral brachytherapy have excellent outcomes. The majority (69%) of patients retained VA of 20/50 or better with very high local control and ocular survival rate (99.3%) with the absence of metastasis (100%).
The international and domestic politics of type 2 diabetes policy reform in Brazil
Authors: Gómez Eduardo J 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionUnderstanding the international and domestic political factors influencing the evolution of type 2 diabetes policies and primary care institutions is a new area of scholarly research. This article contributes to this area of inquiry by illustrating how a government’s shifting foreign policy aspirations, that is, to establish the government’s reputation as an internationally recognised leader in type 2 diabetes policy,and presidential electoral incentives provide alternative insights into the evolution of type 2 diabetes treatment policies and primary care institutional reforms.MethodsI conduct a single-case study analysis with the usage of qualitative data; quantitative statistical data on epidemiological trends and government policy spending is also provided as supportive evidence.ResultsThe case of Brazil illustrates how a reduction in foreign policy commitment to international reputation building in health as well as presidential electoral incentives to use diabetes policy as an electoral strategy account for a decline in sustaining policy and primary care institutional innovations in response to type 2 diabetes.ConclusionFuture scholars interested in understanding the lack of sustainability and effectiveness in type 2 diabetes programmes should consider investigating the complex international and domestic political factors influencing political interests, incentives and commitment to reform.