bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unravelling mechanistic insights in the platinum-catalysed dihydroalkoxylation of allenes
Authors: Quirós María Teresa , Gómez-Bengoa Enrique , Muñoz María Paz 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The mechanism of the platinum-catalysed dihydroalkoxylation of allenes to give acetals has been studied experimentally and by computational methods. Our findings further explain divergent reactivity encountered for platinum- and gold-vinyl intermediates after the first nucleophilic attack onto the coordinated allene, as well as provide new details on the catalytic cycle with platinum, uncovering enol ethers as resting states of the catalytic cycle, a SEOx process via Pt(IV)–H as the final protodemetallation step after the second nucleophilic attack when neutral platinum complexes are used, and a fast acid promoted addition of methanol to enol ethers when cationic platinum complexes are employed.
Medication Status and Gait Mechanics in Older Adults: A Multivariate Analysis
Authors: Gabaldon Josi , Wood Robert , Murphy Eryn , Keeley David W. 
Published: December 2019

Background and Purpose:
Falls are the leading cause of unintentional deaths in older adults, with nearly one-third of adults older than 65 years falling annually. Previous work reveals that both medication status and gait changes are contributing factors to falls in older adults; however, it is unknown how these factors interact. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to examine differences between gait biomechanics as a function of medication status in individuals older than 60 years with a self-reported history of falling. It was hypothesized that differences in gait mechanics would be observed as a function of the number of medications in these individuals.

Methods:
A total of 384 participants, age, mean (SD) = 73.2 (4.2) years; height, mean (SD) = 173.09 (16.4) cm; mass, mean (SD) = 65.45 (5.78) kg, were recruited from across the Southwest United States (Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, and California) by the Electronic Caregiver Mobile Fall Risk Assessment Laboratory. Data for cadence, gait velocity, stride length, swing time, and double-support time were collected using a Walkway gait analysis system. Factor analysis was employed to determine whether the gait characteristics were similar to those observed in previous studies. A multivariate analysis with a follow-up univariate analysis was employed to determine group differences in gait factors and variables according to medication number (≥4 medications, n = 262 vs ≤3 medications, n = 122).

Results:
Results of the factor analysis reveal that the data analyzed in the current study are similar to those observed in previous studies, with cadence (factor loading coefficient [FLC] = 0.745), gait velocity (FLC = 0.922), stride length (FLC = 0.789 for left and 0.790 for right) loading positively on a “pace” factor, swing time (FLC = 0.728 for right and 0.683 for left), and double-support time (FLC= 0.723) loading positively on a “rhythm” factor. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance revealed differences in gait factors across groups according to medication status. Univariate follow-up tests reveal that double-support time is longer and stride length is shorter in persons taking 4 or more medications as compared with those on 3 or fewer medications.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study indicate that certain abnormal gait parameters in participants with a history of falls are associated with taking 4 or more medications. Future studies should examine the extent to which gait changes and medications interact to predict falls.
The Threats of Small-Sided Soccer Games: A Discussion About Their Differences With the Match External Load Demands and Their Variability Levels
Authors: Clemente Filipe M. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Small-sided games (SSGs) are regularly used in soccer training. SSGs are used because of their capacity to replicate the demands of a real match or control the overall workload of players. However, some threats may result from the use of SSGs. Thus, it is important to highlight those threats to improve the effectiveness of SSG implementation. Based on that, we examine and discuss comparisons between external load SSGs and real-game scenarios, the intra- and interplayers physical variability during the smaller formats of play, the consequences of SSGs in terms of the proper physical stimulation of players, and injury prevention.
Tillit som förutsättning för skolutveckling. En studie av skolutveckling genom kollektivt lärande i arbetslag.
Authors: Jederlund Ulf 
Published: December 2019

Artikeln bidrar till fördjupad förståelse av lokala förutsättningar för skolutveckling genom kollektivt lärande i arbetslag. En longitudinell fallstudie genomfördes av skolutvecklingsprocesserna i fem arbetslag på olika skolor som deltog i ett identiskt, externt utformat, utvecklingsprojekt. Projektet innebar en handledd lärandeprocess där lärarna förväntades utveckla gemensam kunskap och kompetens genom kollektiv reflektion, baserad på synliggjord praktik i form av kollektivt planerade och genomförda elevinterventioner. Interventionerna bestod i kartläggning av skolsvårigheter, filmade samarbetsbaserade lärar-elevsamtal och uppföljningar av dessa, med anpassningar i undervisning och elevarbete. Utfallet av projektet, såsom skattat av lärarna efter två år, varierade stort mellan skolorna. Variationen i utfall, trots att arbetslagen deltagit på jämförbara premisser och med likvärdigt tillförda resurser, är artikelns utgångspunkt.
Intresset riktas mot lärarnas upplevelser i utvecklingsprocessen. Analysen bygger på kvalitativa processdata insamlade före, under och efter projektet. I tematisk analys urskildes tre aspekter av lärares upplevelser av tillit i skolutvecklingsprocessen som centrala; processtillit, kollegial tillit och kollektiv tillit. Övergripande processtillit och kollektiv tillit framstod som förutsättningar för arbetslagens uthållighet i utvecklingsarbetet. Kollegial tillit - tillitsfulla interpersonella relationer och professionellt förtroende lärarna emellan i arbetslaget - framstod som en särskild förutsättning för att lärares praktik skulle synliggöras, och att ett fördjupat kollektivt lärande därmed skulle kunna äga rum. Kollegial tillit och kollektiv tillit är begrepp som återfinns i organisationslitteraturen, medan processtillit är ett begrepp som artikeln förslår.
Incorporating Patient-Reported Outcome Measures into Breast Surgical Oncology: Advancing Toward Value-Based Care
Authors: Lagendijk Mirelle , Mittendorf Elizabeth , King Tari A. , Gibbons Christopher , Pusic Andrea , Dominici Laura S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Value in health care is defined as the health outcome achieved per unit of cost. For health care systems, improving value means achieving better outcomes at lower costs. Improving outcomes, including patient-reported outcomes (PROs), as well as more established metrics such as mortality and complication rates, ensures high-quality care. This is particularly true in breast cancer surgery, where survival and recurrence rates are comparable across different surgical approaches. Outcomes reflecting survivorship quality may therefore better inform decision making regarding surgical approaches. PROs can be assessed using validated instruments known as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). They are obtained directly from patients reflecting their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Ongoing initiatives strive to define PROMs that accurately reflect HRQOL and demonstrate value, with the goal of establishing benchmarks for quality of care. Clinicians caring for patients with breast cancer are well positioned to be involved in defining meaningful measures of value-based breast cancer care. This article reviews value-based breast cancer care in the context of locoregional therapy, with attention paid to the work done by the International Consortium of Health Outcome Measures in which a “standard set” of value-based patient-centered outcomes for breast cancer for international use is defined. In addition, an overview is provided of relevant PROMs and previously reported scores. Recommendations and future challenges for implementation of routine collection of PROs are also discussed.

Implications for Practice
Opportunity exists to act as early adopters of the routine collection of longitudinal patient-reported outcome data for breast cancer, allowing transition of current care to value-based cancer care.
Using Information Practices of Nurses to Reform Information Literacy Instruction in Baccalaureate Nursing Programs
Authors: Diekema Anne R. , Hopkins Elizabeth (Betsy) S. , Patterson Brandon , Schvaneveldt Nena 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective - Seeking information is a key element of evidence based practice and successful healthcare delivery. Significant literature exists on both the information seeking behaviour of professional nurses and information literacy teaching methods, but scarce evidence connects nurses’ information behaviour and environments with their education. This study sought to use data from nursing alumni to answer the following research questions: What are the current information practices of professional bachelor’s-prepared nurses? How do recently-graduated nurses suggest that their education could have better prepared them to find and evaluate information in the workplace?
Methods - The researchers conducted a descriptive study using a 59-item survey instrument with a variety of question formats including short-answer, multiple choice, Likert, and open response. The researchers distributed the survey to baccalaureate nursing alumni who graduated in 2012-2017 from four universities in the state of Utah in the United States.
Results - Nurses seek practical information primarily to provide informed patient care, while also clarifying medical situations and expanding their health care knowledge. They frequently consult nursing colleagues and physicians when seeking information. The majority of nurses consult electronic health records daily. Respondents described time as the biggest barrier to accessing information. They requested authentic, clinically-focused scenarios, training on freely-accessible resources, and more explicit teaching of lifelong learning skills, such as critical thinking.
Conclusion - Information literacy education should prepare student nurses for the fast-paced information environment they will face in the workplace. This means incorporating more patient-focused scenarios, freely available quality resources, and time-based activities in their education. The researchers suggest areas to prepare nurses for information seeking, including problem-based clinical scenarios, building guides with databases accessible for free or little cost, and added emphasis on critical thinking and self-motivated learning.
ANÁLISE DO CACAU ORGÂNICO DE SÃO FÉLIX DO XINGU (PA) ATRAVÉS DA CADEIA GLOBAL DE VALOR
Authors: Mendonça Marcus Vinicius , Pedroza Filho Manoel Xavier 
Published: December 2019

O cacau é uma cultura importante do ponto de vista social para a agricultura familiar. O seu cultivo cresceu na Floresta Amazônica brasileira, especialmente no estado do Pará. Na região sul do Pará, onde o crescimento da pecuária bovina acelerou o processo de desmatamento nas últimas décadas, o cultivo do cacau tem representado uma alternativa a este modelo. Entretanto, o fato de ser uma commodity e que, portanto, está sujeita as instabilidades do mercado internacional é um risco presente. Este estudo aborda as mudanças na cadeia produtiva do cacau com certificação orgânica produzido no município de São Félix do Xingu, estado do Pará, usando a abordagem teórica de Cadeia Global de Valor (CGV), a qual permite uma visão da agregação de valor ao longo da cadeia, seguindo a metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa. Como resultado constatou-se uma redução do número de players na cadeia, provocado pela descomoditização do produto, e maior estabilidade do preço do cacau orgânico, devido à redução do número de intermediários na cadeia. Conclui-se que o principal ator responsável pela coordenação desta cadeia é a Cooperativa Alternativa Mista dos Pequenos Produtores do Alto Xingu PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Agricultura familiar; Agregação de valor; Cadeia de produção do cacau; Certificação orgânica; Cooperativismo.
E. P. Thompson
Authors: Santos Breno Augusto de Oliveira 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma análise sobre a categoria “classes sociais” e a noção de sujeito em E. P. Thompson, diante do debate crítico entre o historiador, o marxismo estruturalista e o economicista. A partir de acontecimentos como o XX Congresso do Partido Comunista da URSS, em 1956, maio de 68, na França, e o aparecimento dos “novos” movimentos sociais, será apresentado o modo como Thompson introduz categorias como “experiência” e “formação de classe”, dando ênfase à noção de sujeito que faz sua própria história.
Reducing the “Irreducible” Total Hip Arthroplasty Dislocation with a Fracture Table
Authors: Scanaliato John P. , Eckhoff Michael , Schneider Phillip R. , Reich Michael S. 
Published: December 2019

Case:
Reduction of dislocated total hip arthroplasty components is a challenging clinical scenario. Although component revision is recommended as a definitive treatment for those with recurrent instability, immediate reduction is required after an acute dislocation. We describe the case of a dislocated total hip arthroplasty and present a novel method for obtaining reduction after other closed techniques had failed.

Conclusions:
Based on this case, utilization of a fracture table to generate adequate axial traction can aid orthopedic surgeons in obtaining reduction of a challenging dislocated hip prosthesis.
Safety and Efficacy of Jiaotai Wan in Patients with Depression: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yu Chunquan , Zhou Zhihuan , Fu Shufei , Wang Yuhan , Tong Yi , Liu Yijia , Bu Huaien , Mei Yan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Backgroud: Depression is a common affective disorder characterised by marked and lasting melancholia, with corresponding thought and behaviour changes. Due to an accelerated pace of life and increased work pressure, the incidence of depression has risen sharply, causing great harm to family and social life. Jiaotai Wan (JTW) is a Chinese herbal formula that is commonly prescribed for depression and insomnia in clinical treatment, and exhibits antidepressant effects as shown in animal experimental research. However, there are no standard clinical trials to confirm its efficacy in treating depression and insomnia. Therefore, this study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of JTW in the treatment of depression. Methods: A randomized, multicentre clinical trial with parallel groups was designed in this study. A total of 40 patients with depression were included and randomly divided to either the treatment or the control group with a ratio of 1:1. The patients received JTW plus fluoxetine or fluoxetine alone once per day for eight weeks. The primary outcome was analysed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scalescore for patients in the treatment group compared with that in the control group. The secondary outcomes included Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome integral scale scores, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, blood metabonomics, urine metabonomics, and brain structure and function by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Discussion: The results of this trial will find changes in brain structure, brain function, and metabolism in patients with depression, and provide critical evidence for JTW in the treatment of depression.
Aerobic exercise training improves mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative status in obese mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a non-randomized experimental study
Authors: Fernandes Matheus Santos de Sousa , Silva Lucas de Lucena Simões e , Kubrusly Márcia Saldanha , Lima Talitta Ricarlly Lopes de Arruda , Muller Cynthia Rodrigues , Américo Anna Laura Viacava , Fernandes Mariana Pinheiro , Cogliati Bruno , Stefano Jose Tadeu , Lagranha Claudia J , Evangelista Fabiana Sant´Anna , Oliveira Claudia P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of liver disease. Lifestyle modifications, such as a reduction in body weight (BW) and aerobic exercise training (AET), are effective treatments for NAFLD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of AET on hepatic oxidative metabolism in ob/ob mice. Male ob/ob mice were separated into two groups: the sedentary group (S), n=7, and the trained group (T), n=7. The T mice were submitted to an 8-week protocol of AET at 60% of the maximum velocity achieved in the running test. Before AET, no difference was observed in running capacity between the groups (S=10.4 ± 0.7 min vs. T= 13 ± 0.47 min). However, after AET, the running capacity was increased in the T group (12.8 ± 0.87 min) compared to the S group (7.2±0.63 min). Skeletal muscle in the T group (26.91±1.12 U/mg of protein) showed higher citrate synthase activity compared with the S group (19.28±0.88 U/mg of protein) (p =0.004) . BW and food consumption were significantly reduced in the T group compared to the S group (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively). The analysis of hepatic gene expression showed an increase in PGC-1a levels (p=0.002) and a reduction in CPT-1a levels (p=0.03). The levels of TBARs and carbonyls, as well as SOD, CAT and GST, were not different between the groups. In the nonenzymatic antioxidant system, we found that the T group had higher sulfhydryl (p = 0.02), GSH (p=0.001) and GSH/GSSG (p=0.02) activity. The activity of the metabolic enzymes citrate synthase (p=0.004) and β-HAD (p=0.01) was also increased in the T group. Besides improve in metabolism, no differences were observed in the histological analyses. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that AET improves BW control, mitochondrial functionality and oxidative metabolism in ob/ob mice.
The Evaluative Effectiveness of a Combined Index Exceeded That of a Single Variable for the Ovarian Reserve and Response of Infertile Women
Authors: Zhou Shan-Jie , Zhao Ming-Jia , Li Cui , Su Xing 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Aim of the present study was to explore the evaluative effectiveness of age, ovarian volume, antral follicle count (AFC), serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), FSH/LH ratio and ovarian response prediction index (ORPI) to determine which could most advantageously assess ovarian reserve and response. Methods: This research enrolled 319 consecutive infertile women who had undergone IVF-ET/ICSI treatments. Abovementioned variables were measured and calculated. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analysis was used to analyze the predictive accuracy of variables and to calculate cut-off values and corresponding sensitivity and specificity. Results: Our study revealed that the significant variables for evaluating a decline in ovarian reserve include age, total volume of bilateral ovary, FSH, and ORPI. Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of ORPI was higher than other three variables (AUC = 0.903), and the cut-off value of ORPI was 0.245 (sensitivity 90.1%, specificity 73.9%). The significant variables forecasting excessive ovarian response were age, AFC, AMH, ORPI, FSH and FSH/LH ratio, and the significant variables forecasting low ovarian response were AMH and FSH/LH ratio. ORPI and FSH/LH ratio presented better effectiveness in evaluating ovarian response. When they were used to predict excessive response, the cut-off values of ORPI and FSH/LH ratio was 0.886 (sensitivity 84.7%, specificity 67.3%) and 1.753 (sensitivity 56.2%, specificity 67.6%), respectively. When used to predict low response, the cut-off value of FSH/LH ratio was 2.983 (sensitivity 75.0%, specificity 83.8%). Conclusions: ORPI performed better than did the other variables in evaluating ovarian reserve and predicting excessive ovarian response, and the FSH/LH ratio performed better than did the other variables in predicting low ovarian response. Consequently, we agreed that the evaluative effectiveness of a combined index exceeded that of a single variable for evaluating the ovarian reserve and response of infertile women.
Effect of surface electrical stimulation in a seated position on pelvic floor muscle functions, urinary leakage, and quality of life in women with stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Hwang Ui-jae , Lee Min-seok , Kim Young-shin , Jung Sung-hoon , Kwon Oh-yun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of surface electrical stimulation in a seated position (SESSP), as pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training, on PFM functions (time to reach maximal pressure [TRMP], muscle strength, power and endurance), urinary leakage and quality of life in patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods Women with SUI were randomized into an SESSP group (n = 18) or control group (n = 18). Quality of life were assessed by the Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QOL). Ultra-short pad test results and PFM functions were measured by perineometer. Changes in the outcomes were assessed before and 8 weeks after SESSP training.Results Thirty-three participants were included in the analysis. There were significant differences in I-QOL (avoidance and limiting behaviors, psychosocial impacts, social embarrassment and total score) in between (SESSP vs. control group) and within (pre vs. post) group analyses. Significant increases in PFM strength, power, and endurance, and significant decreases in the TRMP and pad weight, were observed between (SESSP vs. control group) and within (pre vs. post) groups.Conclusion SESSP in a seated position can be recommended to improve QOL, urinary leakage, and PFM functions in SUI patients. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials KCT0003357 (the date of registration: 2018.11.16) and retrospectively registered.
The RNAi vecter construction and verification of the functions in sexual control of Cervus elaphus Zfx gene
Authors: Wei Limin , Jiang Song , Xi Jifeng , Zhang Yongsheng , Zeng Bo , Li Feng , Wang Kaisheng , Zhang Siyuan , Zhao Xitang , Li Ying , Shen Hong , Jia Bin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Zinc finger protein X-linked (Zfx) was regarded to be a sex determination factor, and plays a critical role in spermatogenesis. RNAi is an effective method of silencing Zfx/Zfy mRNA expression. However, there has been little research on the use of RNAi technology to control the sex of the offspring of Cervus elaphus. The objective of this study was first to explore an efficient method to alter the Cervus elaphus offspring sex-ratio by silencing the genes Zfx during spermatogenesis.Results: Three recombinant expression vectors pLL3.7/A, pLL3.7/B and pLL3.7/C were constructed to interrupt the Zfx gene. The results showed that the expression of Zfx mRNA was significantly silenced by pLL3.7/A (P < 0.01), compared with the control group. The group injected with pLL3.7/A produced 94 Cervus elaphus, including 68 males and 26 females. The male rates (72.34%) were significantly higher than the control groups (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Our experiment suggest that the Zfx gene plays a significant role in the process of X-sperm formation. Zfx siRNA may be a useful approach to control offspring sex in Cervus elaphus.