bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alkyl‐Chain‐Regulated Charge Transfer in Fluorescent Inorganic CsPbBr3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Duan Jialong , Wang Yudi , Yang Xiya , Tang Qunwei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractImproved charge extraction and wide spectral absorption promote power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The state‐of‐the‐art carbon‐based CsPbBr3 PSCs have an inferior power output capacity because of the large optical band gap of the perovskite film and the high energy barrier at perovskite/carbon interface. Herein, we use alkyl‐chain regulated quantum dots as hole‐conductors to reduce charge recombination. By precisely controlling alkyl‐chain length of ligands, a balance between the surface dipole induced charge coulomb repulsive force and quantum tunneling distance is achieved to maximize charge extraction. A fluorescent carbon electrode is used as a cathode to harvest the unabsorbed incident light and to emit fluorescent light at 516 nm for re‐absorption by the perovskite film. The optimized PSC free of encapsulation achieves a maximum power conversion efficiency up to 10.85 % with nearly unchanged photovoltaic performances under 80 %RH, 80 °C, or light irradiation in air.
Crosslinked, biodegradable polyurethanes for precision‐porous biomaterials: Synthesis and properties
Authors: Calleros Erasmo Lopez , Simonovsky Felix I. , Garty Shai , Ratner Buddy D. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTCrosslinked poly(ester urethane)s and their acrylate derivatives based on trifunctional polycaprolactone and trifunctional aliphatic isocyanates were synthesized. Biodegradable scaffolds with uniform, controlled micron‐scale porosity were fabricated with these materials. Mechanical and swelling properties of monolithic and microporous materials were studied. Cytotoxicity, hydrolytic, and enzymatic degradation and their effects on mechanical properties of the biodegradable scaffolds were investigated. The polymer degradation products were found not to be cytotoxic at moderate concentrations and to permit cell attachment and spreading. Degradation rates and mechanical properties could be tuned to desired performance criteria for a given application by adjusting crosslink density and the ratio of hard segment to soft segment. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48943.
The influence of biased exposure to forgone outcomes
Authors: Plonsky Ori , Teodorescu Kinneret 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAfter making decisions, we often get feedback concerning forgone outcomes (what would have happened had we chosen differently). Yet, many times, our exposure to such feedback is systematically biased. For example, your friends are more likely to tell you about a party you missed if it was fun than if it was boring. Despite its prevalence, the effects of biased exposure to forgone outcomes on future choice have not been directly studied. In three studies (five experiments) using a simplified learning task, we study the basic influence of biased exposure to forgone outcomes in the extreme case in which decision makers can easily infer the missing information such that the biased exposure carries almost no informational value. The results in all studies suggest that nevertheless, the biased exposure to forgone outcomes affected choice. Exposure to forgone outcomes only when they were better than the obtained outcomes (Only‐Better‐Forgone) increased selections of the forgone option compared with exposure to forgone outcomes only when they were worse than the obtained outcome (Only‐Worse‐Forgone). Moreover, relative to an unbiased exposure to all forgone outcomes, the effect of exposure to Only‐Worse‐Forgone was larger than the effect of exposure to Only‐Better‐Forgone feedback. However, these effects were not universal: In environments that include rare negative events (“disasters”), biased exposure to forgone outcomes had very little effect. We raise potential explanations and further discuss implications for marketing and risk awareness.
Atomistic probing of aptameric binding of CD19 outer membrane domain reveals an “aptamer walking” mechanism
Authors: Danquah Michael K. , Guo Hao‐Bo , Tan Kei X. , Bhakta Manoo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe propose an integrated structural approach to search potential aptamer molecules for targeting cancer receptor proteins. We used the outer cellular domain of the B‐lymphocyte antigen, CD19, as the target for this study. First, using available protein‐aptamer structures deposited in the protein data bank as resources, structural annotation was performed to seek the most probable binding aptamer and its potential initial configuration to the CD19 structure. Using this initial structure, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed for adjustment of the aptamer‐binding. During this process, we observed an “aptamer walking” mechanism of the binding of the single‐stranded RNA‐aptamer to CD19: the aptamer molecule gradually adjusts its configurations and shifts toward favorable binding positions. However, the target molecule CD19 maintained a relatively stable conformation during this process. The interface area between the RNA‐aptamer and CD19 increased from less than 8 nm2 to over 12 nm2 during a 2‐μs MD simulation. Using a stable binding pose as the starting structure, we manually mutated the RNA‐aptamer to a DNA‐aptamer and found that the interface area was further increased to over 16 nm2, indicating a stronger affinity compared to the RNA‐aptamer. The RNA‐ and DNA‐aptamers and their stable binding‐poses to the CD19 molecule may be used as templates in designing potential aptamer molecules that target the B‐cell marker molecule CD19 with enhanced specificity and stability.
Management of stent underexpansion using intravascular lithotripsy—Defining the utility of a novel device
Authors: Yeoh Julian , Cottens Daan , Cosgrove Claudia , Mallek Khaled , Strange Julian , Anderson Richard , Wilson Simon , Hanratty Colm , Walsh Simon , McEntegart Margaret , Hill Jonathan , Spratt James C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to present a case series of patient treated for stent underexpansion resistant to conventional treatment with intravascular lithotripsy (IVL).BackgroundStent underexpansion is a powerful predictor of long‐term stent patency and correlates with unfavorable clinical outcomes. This case series demonstrates the utility of IVL in managing stent underexpansion resistant to conventional treatment.MethodsWe describe a case series of patients with stent underexpansion due to calcific coronary artery disease treated with IVL. Stent underexpansion was identified as an inability to adequately expand stents with conventional treatment. Only cases that failed to achieve adequate expansion with high‐pressure noncompliant balloon inflation were included.ResultsThirteen patients from six institutions have been included in this case series. The average age was 70.25 years with 76.9% of male patients. The average pre‐IVL minimal stent area (MSA) was 2.71 mm2, which improved to 6.44 mm2 post‐IVL treatment, representing an average MSA gain of 238%. There were no procedural, peri‐procedural, or 30‐day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event.ConclusionThis case series demonstrates that IVL is a feasible, safe alternative for the management of stent underexpansion due to calcific coronary disease.
Glandular odontogenic cyst—Report of a rare case
Authors: Poudel Pratibha , Srii Ritesh , Chaurasia Nitesh , Upadhyaya Chandan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGlandular odontogenic cyst is a rare developmental odontogenic cyst that bears similarity to several other odontogenic lesions. Till 2017, only 169 such cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we describe one more case of it occurring in a 35‐year‐old female patient.
Doping Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots into Melamine‐Silver Matrix: An Efficient Photocatalyst with Tunable Morphology and Photocatalysis for H2O2 Evolution under Visible Light
Authors: Yin Mengyuan , Chen Xi , Wan Yuqi , Zhang Wenwen , Feng Luping , Zhang Lixiang , Wang Hua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCarbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs) were doped into melamine (MA) and silver (Ag) matrix yielding CNQDs@MA−Ag nanocomposites by the supramolecular self‐assembly route. To our surprise, the resulting mesoporous nanocomposites could present different morphologies (i. e., nanowires, nanoflowers, and nanosheets) and especially tunable visible‐light photocatalysis performances depending on the percentages of CNQDs used. It was discovered that the CNQDs@MA−Ag ones with the pinecone‐like structure (containing 30 % CNQDs) could exhibit the strongest visible‐light photocatalysis for splitting water to yield H2O2 with a production efficiency of 39.82 μmol ⋅ g−1 h−1, which is more than ten‐fold higher than that of CNQDs alone. Herein, the nano‐scaled Ag could facilitate the increased light harvesting and the separation as well as transmission of electron‐hole pairs of CNQDs resulting in the enhanced visible‐light photocatalysis of nanocomposites. More importantly, the pinecone‐like ones might additionally enable more exposed active sites of photocatalysis and larger mesoporous specific area of contacting dissolved oxygen in water, leading to the higher photocatalytic efficiency of H2O2 generation. This CNQDs‐based fabrication strategy may open a new door towards the design of a variety of photocatalysts with different morphologies and tunable photocatalysis performances for the efficient splitting water toward H2O2 evolution under sunlight.
The Effect of Iron and Vanadium in VOy/Ce1‐xFexO2‐δ Catalysts in Low‐Temperature Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx by Ammonia
Authors: Keller Sonja , Agostini Giovanni , Antoni Hendrik , Kreyenschulte Carsten R. , Atia Hanan , Rabeah Jabor , Bentrup Ursula , Brückner Angelika 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSupported VOy/Ce1‐xFexO2‐δ catalysts (x=0, 0.5, 0.1, 0.2) and bare supports were prepared and tested in selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx by NH3 between 150 and 300 °C with a GHSV of 70 000 h−1. Iron was found to be beneficial for the activity of the pristine supports, reaching 80 % conversion at 275 °C. When vanadium was additionally introduced into the system, iron was found to be detrimental for NOx‐conversion. To derive structure‐reactivity relationships, V‐free supports and VOy/Ce1‐xFexO2‐δ catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and TEM. In situ XANES, as well as operando DRIFTS and EPR measurements were performed to study the behavior of the catalysts under reaction conditions. Up to an iron content of x=0.1, a solid Ce1‐xFexO2‐δ solution was formed. Higher iron contents led to formation of iron oxide agglomerates. These agglomerates, as well as an increased amount of surface oxygen species were found to be responsible for increased NOx‐conversion over of pure supports. For V‐containing catalysts, an interaction of Fe and V centers could be found. Under reaction conditions, Fe3+ was preferentially reduced instead of V5+, decreasing the catalytic activity of VOy/Ce1‐xFexO2‐δ.
Biohydrogen Production Through Dark Fermentation
Authors: Sarangi Prakash K. , Nanda Sonil 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWaste organic biomass is regarded as the most suitable renewable source for conversion to produce biofuels and biochemicals. Owing to its high‐energy potential and abundancy, lignocellulosic biomass can be utilized to produce alternative energy in the form of gaseous and liquid biofuels. Microbial conversion of waste biomass is the most successful technology for the generation of biohydrogen through dark fermentation. Different biological hydrogen production technologies along with process parameters are described in this review paper with the focus on dark fermentation. The production of biohydrogen from various substrates is summarized along with the integrated mode of dark fermentation and photofermentation. Hydrogen generation through biological water‐gas shift reaction is also highlighted.
Association between nonadherence to cardiovascular risk factor medications after breast cancer diagnosis and incidence of cardiac events
Authors: Hershman Dawn L. , Accordino Melissa K. , Shen Sherry , Buono Donna , Crew Katherine D. , Kalinsky Kevin , Trivedi Meghna S. , Hur Chin , Hu Jianhua , Unger Joseph M. , Wright Jason D. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among patients with early‐stage breast cancer (BC), but adherence to cardiovascular disease risk factor (CVD‐RF) medications is reported to be poor in BC survivors. The objective of the current study was to determine the association between nonadherence to CVD‐RF medications and cardiovascular events in BC survivors.MethodsThe authors included patients with stages I to III BC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)–Medicare database who had Medicare part D coverage and who were taking at least 1 CVD‐RF medication prior to their BC diagnosis (2008‐2013). Logistic regression was performed to define factors associated with nonadherence. Cox regression was used to calculate the association between nonadherence and new cardiac events after treatment.ResultsAmong 15,576 patients included in the current analysis, 4797 (30.8%) were nonadherent to at least 1 category after the initial BC treatment period. Black race, greater comorbidity burden, more advanced cancer stage, hormone receptor–negative status, and receipt of chemotherapy were found to be associated with nonadherence. Nonadherence after treatment demonstrated a trend toward an increased risk of a subsequent cardiac event (hazard ratio [HR], 1.15; 95% CI 1.00‐1.33 [P = .06]). This effect size increased with nonadherence to a greater number of medications (P < .01). There was an increased risk of experiencing a cardiac event noted with becoming nonadherent to hypertension medications (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.18‐1.51 [P < .0001]), hyperlipidemia medications (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.05‐1.40 [P = .009]), and diabetes medications (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.10‐1.56 [P = .003]).ConclusionsNonadherence to CVD‐RF medications after treatment of BC is associated with an increased risk of a cardiac event. Improving outcomes and reducing morbidity after a diagnosis of BC requires attention to non‐BC conditions.
Neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes in adult survivors of childhood soft‐tissue sarcoma: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort
Authors: Tonning Olsson Ingrid , Brinkman Tara M. , Wang Mingjuan , Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Banerjee Pia , Mulrooney Daniel A. , Huang I‐Chan , Ness Kirsten K. , Bishop Michael W. , Srivastava Deokumar , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Krull Kevin R. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundTo the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have examined long‐term neurocognitive outcomes in survivors of childhood soft‐tissue sarcoma.MethodsA total of 150 survivors (41% of whom were female with a mean current age of 33 years [SD, 8.9 years] and a time since diagnosis of 24 years [SD, 8.7 years]) and 349 community controls (56% of whom were female with a mean current age of 35 years [SD, 10.2 years]) completed comprehensive neuropsychological testing, echocardiography, electrocardiography, pulmonary function tests, endocrine evaluation, and physical examination. Patient‐reported outcomes of health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and social attainment were collected. Survivors were compared with norms and controls on neurocognitive outcomes using general linear models, and on HRQOL and social attainment using modified Poisson models. The impacts of treatment and chronic health conditions on outcomes were examined using multivariable general linear models (effect size was expressed as unstandardized β estimates that reflected the unit of change from a mean of 0 and an SD of 1) and modified Poisson models (effect size expressed as relative risks).ResultsCompared with controls and population norms, survivors demonstrated lower performance on measures of verbal reasoning (mean z score, −0.45 [SD, 1.15]; P < .001) mathematics (mean z score, −0.63 [SD, 1.07]; P < .001), and long‐term memory (mean z score, −0.37 [SD, 1.14]; P < .001). Cumulative anthracycline exposure (per 100 mg/m2) was found to be associated with poorer verbal reasoning (β = −0.14 z scores; P = .04), reading (β = −0.09 z score; P = .04), and patient‐reported vitality (relative risk, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.09‐1.59). Neurologic and neurosensory chronic conditions were associated with poorer mathematics (neurologic conditions: β = −0.63 z score [P = 0.02]; and hearing impairment: β = −0.75 z scores [P < 0.01]). Better cognitive performance was associated with higher social attainment.ConclusionsLong‐term survivors of soft‐tissue sarcoma are at risk of neurocognitive problems and poor HRQOL associated with anthracycline treatment and chronic health conditions.
Quantitative trait loci mapping of resistance to aluminum toxicity in common bean
Authors: Njobvu Justine , Hamabwe Swivia M. , Munyinda Kalaluka , Kelly James D. , Kamfwa Kelvin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAluminum toxicity in acidic soils is a major constraint to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for Al resistance in a population of 150 F4:8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from parents Solwezi and AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A, which contrasted in resistance to Al. The RILs and their parents were evaluated for Al resistance in a hydroponic system that had two nutrient solutions with either 0 μM (control solution) or 15 μM Al concentration (Al stress solution). Primary traits including root length (RL), root dry weight (RDW), and shoot dry weight (SDW) were measured. Percentage reductions in RL, RDW, and SDW were calculated from their respective primary traits. The RILs were genotyped with 5,398 single nucleotide polymorphisms and QTL identified using composite interval mapping. A total of eight QTL for Al resistance were identified on chromosomes Pv02, Pv04, Pv06, Pv07, Pv09, and Pv10. Variation in Al resistance explained by individual QTL ranged from 7.6 to 14.7%. Aluminum resistance QTL RL10.1 on Pv10 explained 10% of the genetic variation in RL. The QTL RL10.1 overlapped with QTL RDW10.1 identified for RDW in Al stress solution. Another Al resistance QTL RL6.1, which explained 10% of Al resistance variation, was identified on Pv06. The QTL on Pv02 and Pv07 appear to overlap with previously reported QTL for Al resistance. A candidate gene Phvul.007G025900 encoding an Al‐activated malate transporter was identified within the QTL RL7.1 The genetic architecture of Al resistance in the Solwezi and AO‐1012‐29‐3‐3A population is polygenic with additive action.
Effect of Continuous Capacity Rising Performed by FeS/Fe3C/C Composite Electrodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Chengping , Sarapulova Angelina , Pfeifer Kristina , Dsoke Sonia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFeS‐based composites are sustainable conversion electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, combining features like low cost, environmental friendliness, and high capacities. However, they suffer from fast capacity decay and low electron conductivity. Herein, novel insights into a surprising phenomenon of this material are provided. A FeS/Fe3C/C nanocomposite synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method is compared with pure FeS. When applied as anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, these two types of materials show different capacity evolution upon cycling. Surprisingly, the composite delivers a continuous increase in capacity instead of the expected capacity fading. This unique behavior is triggered by a catalyzing effect of Fe3C nanoparticles. The Fe3C phase is a beneficial byproduct of the synthesis and was not intentionally obtained. To further understand the effect of interconnected carbon balls on FeS‐based electrodes, complementary analytic techniques are used. Ex situ X‐ray radiation diffraction and ex situ scanning electron microscopy are employed to track phase fraction and morphology structure. In addition, the electrochemical kinetics and resistance are evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. These results reveal that the interconnected carbon balls have a profound influence on the properties of FeS‐based electrodes resulting in an increased electrode conductivity, reduced particle size, and maintenance of the structure integrity.
Transforming Methyl Levulinate into Biosurfactants and Biolubricants by Chemoselective Reductive Etherification with Fatty Alcohols
Authors: Garcia‐Ortiz Andrea , Arias Karen S. , Climent Maria J. , Corma Avelino , Iborra Sara 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBiomass‐derived surfactants with very good surface tension and critical micellar concentration properties were obtained by conversion of methyl levulinate into methyl 4‐alkoxypentanoates through reductive etherification with aliphatic alcohols. Among different bifunctional acid/metal catalysts best results were obtained with Pd on carbon bearing acid sites. The reaction occurred through the formation of an enol ether intermediate followed by hydrogenation. Pd in high‐density planes was the active hydrogenation species, and an optimum crystal size was found to be approximately 10 nm. The reductive etherification with aliphatic alcohols was extended to other aliphatic and cyclic ketones and aldehydes obtained from biomass, and excellent results were obtained on supported Pd catalysts with the reaction route and experimental conditions described in this work.
Five‐year effectiveness of bariatric surgery on disease remission, weight loss, and changes of metabolic parameters in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: A population‐based propensity score‐matched cohort study
Authors: Wu Tingting , Wong Simon Kin Hung , Law Betty Tsz Ting , Grieve Eleanor , Wu Olivia , Tong Daniel King Hung , Leung David Kai Wing , Lam Cindy Lo Kuen , Wong Carlos King Ho 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsTo compare disease remission rates, weight loss, and changes of metabolic parameters of patients after bariatric surgery with nonsurgical patients.MethodsBased on the 2006‐2017 Hospital Authority database, a population‐based retrospective cohort of obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with and without bariatric surgery were identified. Surgical patients were matched with nonsurgical patients on 1‐to‐5 propensity score. Remission rates of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia were reported annually up to 60 months. Changes in weight loss measurements (Body Mass Index [BMI], percentage of total weight loss [%TWL], percentage of excess weight loss [%EWL], and percentage of rebound in excess weight loss [%REWL]) and metabolic parameters (haemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL‐C]) were measured for both groups.ResultsFour hundred one surgical patients (310 restrictive surgeries; 91 bypass surgeries) and 1894 nonsurgical patients were included. Surgical patients had higher remission rates in diabetes and dyslipidaemia and better glycaemic control at 12 to 60 months (all Ps < .01). SBP and DBP were significantly lower for surgical group up to 12 months and similar between two groups after 12 months. Surgical patients had significantly lower BMI during follow‐up period. %TWL and %EWL were higher in the surgery group (15.7% vs 3.7%; 48.8% vs 12.0%) at 60 months (P < .001); differences in %REWL between two groups were insignificant. The effectiveness of restrictive and bypass surgeries was similar at 60 months, although restrictive surgeries were slightly more effective in T2DM remission.ConclusionsBariatric surgery was effective in weight loss, remission of diabetes, and dyslipidaemia in 5‐year post‐surgery.