bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glacier Peak and mid‐Lateglacial Katla cryptotephras in Scotland: potential new intercontinental and marine‐terrestrial correlations
Authors: Pyne‐O'Donnell Sean D. F. , Jensen Britta J. L. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTUsing contiguous high resolution sampling methods, we report the detection of a Glacier Peak volcanic ash from North America in Lateglacial Interstadial lake sediments in western Scotland. It occurs in close proximity to the Icelandic Borrobol and Penifiler tephras, but is distinguishable by its rhyolitic major‐element composition that is consistent with the earliest set G layer, one of a number of mid‐Interstadial Glacier Peak eruptions dated between 13.71 and 13.41 cal ka bp. Another cryptotephra layer present in these same Interstadial sediments has a rhyolitic composition consistent with the Icelandic Katla source. However, it is in a stratigraphic position below the widespread mid‐Lateglacial Stadial Vedde Ash from Katla, which is also present in these cores. The Katla layer is stratigraphically well defined, suggesting primary airfall, and is compositionally similar to a mid‐Interstadial rhyolitic tephra reported from a North Atlantic marine sequence south of Iceland dated to ~13.6 ka. The detection of Glacier Peak G in the European tephrostratigraphy will permit direct high‐precision correlation of mid‐Interstadial palaeoenvironments between North American and European terrestrial sequences. Any correlation between the new Katla layer and similar marine layers remains provisional, though if verified would permit similar correlation between North Atlantic marine and European terrestrial records.
Impact of the extent of pathologic complete response on outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Lee Minna K. , Srour Marissa K. , Walcott‐Sapp Sarah , Cook‐Wiens Galen , Amersi Farin , Giuliano Armando E. , Chung Alice 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWith advances in systemic therapies for breast cancer, responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have increased. Pathologic complete response (pCR) after NAC is an independent prognostic factor. We examined the impact of breast and/or lymph node (LN) pCR on survival.MethodsFrom a prospectively maintained database, 202 women were identified with LN‐positive breast cancer who underwent NAC then surgery. Clinicopathologic factors and survival were compared between four groups: breast/LNs pCR, node‐only pCR, breast‐only pCR, and residual disease (RD).ResultsForty‐eight (23.8%) patients had breast/LNs pCR, 43 (21.3%) node‐only pCR, 5 (2.5%) breast‐only pCR, and 106 (52.5%) had RD. There was no difference in age, stage, or breast operation between groups. With a median follow‐up of 48.2 months, patients with any pCR had improved disease‐free survival (DFS) (HR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.157‐0.572) and OS (HR, 0.192; 95% CI, 0.057‐0.652) compared with RD patients. There were no significant differences in DFS (log‐rank P = .18) and OS (log‐rank P = 0.12) between patients with node‐only pCR, breast‐only pCR, and breast/LNs pCR.ConclusionIn node‐positive breast cancer patients receiving NAC, any pCR was associated with improved survival vs RD. The anatomic site of pCR did not impact survival. This suggests that any favorable response to NAC has prognostic value.
Photonics‐Based Microwave Frequency Mixing: Methodology and Applications
Authors: Tang Zhenzhou , Li Yifei , Yao Jianping , Pan Shilong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhotonics‐based microwave frequency mixing provides distinct features in terms of wide frequency coverage, broad instantaneous bandwidth, small frequency‐dependent loss, and immunity to electromagnetic interference as compared with its electronic counterpart, which can be a key technical enabler for future broadband and multifunctional RF systems. Herein, all‐optical and optoelectronic microwave frequency mixing techniques are reviewed, with an emphasis on the latest advances in photonics‐based microwave frequency mixers with improved performance in terms of conversion efficiency, dynamic range, mixing‐spur suppression, mixing functionality, and polarization independence. Innovative applications enabled by photonics‐based microwave frequency mixers, such as radio‐over‐fiber communication systems, radar systems, satellite payloads and electronic warfare systems, are also reviewed. In addition, efforts in implementing integrated photonics‐based microwave mixers that lead to a dramatic reduction in size, weight, and power consumption are also reviewed.
A New Optical Method for Online Monitoring of the Light Dose and Dose Profile in Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Beigzadeh Amir Mohammad , Rashidian Vaziri Mohammad Reza , Ziaie Farhood , Sharif Samaneh 
Published: November 2019

Background and ObjectivesPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained widespread popularity in the last decades because of its distinctive advantages over the other commonly used cancer treatments. PDT dosimetry is a crucial factor in achieving a good optimization of PDT treatment planning. PDT dosimetry is a complex task since light dose as well as photosensitizer and oxygen concentrations in tissue need to be measured (ideally continuously) to be able to fully characterize the biological response. Light dose in PDT is routinely measured by the optical fibers that provide dose data at a limited number of discrete points and are not able to capture spatial dose profiles. The objective of this study is to propose and develop a new optical method for online monitoring of the dose profile data for PDT.Study Design/Materials and MethodsUsing the digital holography technique, first, the general sketch of an experimental setup for PDT light dosimetry is provided. The theory behind the proposed method for using the experimental setup in PDT light dosimetry is fully described, and its limits of validity are determined. In a proof of principle study, the ability of the method for online monitoring of the absorbed light dose profile in PDT is evaluated by a simple experimental setup.ResultsThe experimental results confirm the usefulness of the proposed method in providing continuous online dose profiles. The absorbed light dose profiles from an infrared light source in a quartz cell containing water are measured and shown. The depth‐dose curves are extracted and it is shown that how these dosimetric data can be used for assisting the physicians in determining the appropriate spatiotemporal characteristics for treating the infected tissues and solid tumors with the required light dose amounts. A conversion relation is also derived for transforming the measured light dose with the proposed method to the most frequently used dose values by PDT practitioners, in terms of light power per square area.ConclusionsThere is no restriction in using the method with other commonly used light sources in PDT, like light‐emitting diodes and filtered lamps, with different wavelengths in visible or infrared regions of the spectrum. More complex experimental setups can be used in future studies to study the role of accumulated photosensitizers in malignant tissues. The proposed method in this study can also be used for light dose monitoring in other biomedical applications, where light is used for treating special diseases, and patients must receive sufficient amounts of light dose. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of ICAR ATRP–Based Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly and Its Application in the Preparation of Organic–Inorganic Nanoparticles
Authors: Shi Boyang , Zhang Hao , Liu Yi , Wang Jian , Zhou Peng , Cao Mengya , Wang Guowei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe functionalization and application of nano‐objects generated using a polymerization induced self‐assembly (PISA) procedure is becoming a focus in recent years. In this contribution, using ethanol as solvent, poly(oligo(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEOMA) as macro‐initiator/stabilizer, and 2‐(perfluorohexyl)ethyl methacrylate (PFHEMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as comonomers, the initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (ICAR ATRP)‐based PISA is realized. The lower GMA content system tends to form spheres with large diameters and heavy contrast, while the lower PFHEMA content system tends to form the spheres or short worms with small diameters. However, the system with further increased GMA content results in the failed ICAR ATRP PISA procedure with the formation of precipitates by the cross‐linking reaction between pendant epoxy groups. Furthermore, using the efficient reaction between the epoxy group on GMA and thiol group on mercapto‐succinic acid agent, the carboxyl groups can be introduced into the inner cavity of the nano‐objects and used for incorporation with the Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions, and the organic–inorganic nanoparticles Fe3O4@POEOMA are finally prepared in the presence of a reductant.
Diagnostic accuracy of midkine for hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Yu , Tang Juan , Zhou Xiao , Zhu Shao‐Liang , Li Le‐Qun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere have been many reports on midkine as a promising marker in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the results are inconsistent and even conflicting.MethodsThis meta‐analysis was performed to investigate the accuracy of midkine in the diagnosis of HCC. Meta‐DiSc 1.4 software was used to extract data and to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Data are presented as forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve analysis was used to summarize the overall test performance.ResultsTen studies with a total of 753 HCC patients and 977 non‐HCC patients were included. The overall pooled diagnostic data were as follows: the pooled sensitivity of 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 083–0.88), the pooled specificity of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.73–0.78), the pooled PLR of 4.71 (95% CI: 2.80–7.90), the pooled NLR of 0.18 (95% CI: 0.11–0.30), and the pooled DOR of 36.83 (95% CI: 13.56–100.05). The area under curve value was 0.9266 in the overall SROC curve.ConclusionMidkine has moderate diagnostic accuracy for HCC. Due to the design limitations, results inpublished studies should be carefully interpreted. In addition, more well‐designed studies with large sample sizes should be performed to rigorously evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the MDK.
Oscillations up to terahertz frequency in resonant tunneling diodes
Authors: Feng Wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe investigate the THz current oscillations in resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) oscillators with the transient drift‐diffusion model. The oscillation frequencies have a strong dependence on the biased voltage and doping concentration. With proper biased voltage and doping concentration, the high frequency up to THz can be obtained. The simulations are helpful to deepen the understanding of physical mechanism and guide to improve the performances of RTDs and RTD oscillators. The investigations make RTDs promising candidates as THz sources at room temperature.
PLAYING THE LONG GAME
Authors: Atwood Stephen P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere is an expression that many of you may have heard known as “Playing the long game.” It is generally defined as having a long‐term plan or strategy and pursuing it without letting short‐term obstacles get in the way. If your goal is to drive from Boston to San Francisco in five days, then it really doesn't matter whether you make a few wrong turns, get delayed in some construction, or need to change your route because of the weather. As long as you cover 600 or so generally westerly miles per day for five days, you will reach your destination according to plan. This is not the same as leaving work at 5:30 pm for a 6:30 pm movie date 40 miles away, where each minor encumbrance can scuttle the entire plan.
Assortment optimization with position effects under the nested logit model
Authors: Chen Rui , Jiang Hai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe study the assortment optimization problem with position effects under the nested logit model, whose goal is to find the revenue‐maximizing subset of products as well as their corresponding display positions. In this joint assortment‐position optimization problem, the choices of products are affected by not only their qualities and prices but also the positions where they are displayed. Despite determining the assortment and their corresponding display positions sequentially, we propose to solve this problem in an integrated way to obtain the optimal solution. We formulate this problem as a nonlinear binary integer programming model and develop a dynamic programming based solution approach to obtain the optimal assortment‐position assignments. We carry out extensive numerical experiments to evaluate the benefit of our integrated approach. The most important insight we discover is that it is not necessarily better to put the most attractive products in the best position. Moreover, we show that compared to the sequential approaches, our approach can improve revenue by 10.38% on average, which suggests that firms should take into consideration position effects when making assortment decisions. Finally, we discuss results related to two extensions of this problem, that is, the special case when positions are preassigned to nests, and the joint assortment‐position‐price optimization problem.
Muslin: A QoE‐aware CDN resources provisioning and advertising system for cost‐efficient multisource live streaming
Authors: Da Silva Simon , Bruneau‐Queyreix Joachim , Lacaud Mathias , Negru Daniel , Réveillère Laurent 
Published: November 2019

SummaryDelivering video content with a high and fairly shared quality of experience is a challenging task in view of the drastic video traffic increase forecasts, as live video traffic will grow 15‐fold by 2022. Currently, content delivery networks provide numerous servers hosting replicas of the video content, and consuming clients are redirected to the closest server. Then, the video content is streamed using adaptive streaming solutions. However, servers and network links often become overloaded during major events, and users may experience a poor or unfairly distributed quality of experience, unless more servers are provisioned. In this paper, we propose Muslin, a streaming solution supporting a high, fairly shared end users' quality of experience for live streaming, while minimizing the required content delivery platform scale. Muslin leverages on MS‐Stream, a content delivery solution, which aggregates video content from multiple servers to offer a high quality of experience for its users. Muslin dynamically provisions servers and replicates content into servers and advertises servers to clients based on real‐time delivery conditions. We have used Muslin to replay a 1‐day video‐games event, with hundreds of clients and several test beds. Our results show that our approach outperforms traditional content delivery schemes by increasing the fairness and quality of experience at the user side with a smaller infrastructure scale.
On the distance between random events on a network
Authors: Wei Ningji , Walteros Jose L. , Batta Rajan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we study several statistical properties regarding the distance between events that take place on random locations along the edges of a given network. We derive analytical expressions for the arbitrary moments of such a distance, its probability density function, its cumulative distribution function, as well as their conditional counterparts for the cases in which the position of one event is known in advance. As part of this study, we implement our developments as a callable library for the Python language, to provide potential users with a computational engine able to calculate and visualize these statistics for any given network. We test our implementation on several networks of different sizes and topologies, analyze some of interesting properties we observed in our experiments, and discuss several applications for our proposed methodology. In particular, we focus our discussion on applications aimed to help with the optimal design of emergency response systems on infrastructure networks.
Precarious livelihoods: Examining the intersection of fish work and ecological change in coastal Jamaica
Authors: Marschke Melissa , Campbell Donovan , Armitage Derek 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Precarity has not been applied in the context of fisheries‐based work, even as working conditions in fisheries are emerging to be a real issue.

There has been limited analysis of fish work outside the media spotlight or how changing ecological and biophysical conditions (e.g. climate change and its effects) intersect with poor working conditions.

We use insights from fieldwork along the southwest coast of Jamaica, to ask the following questions: (a) what does precarity mean for mixed‐gear fishers working in the nearshore context, particularly with reference to working conditions and (b) how do changing ecological and biophysical conditions intersect with working conditions to further influence fisher precarity?

Our results highlight how fishing livelihoods in Jamaica are generally precarious because of limited options for fish workers in this sector. Even so, certain fishing activities are far riskier than others – particularly for compressor dive fishers – and that levels of precarity are differentiated by age and fishing gear ownership.

A more integrative (or social and ecological) approach to precarity analysis helps characterize and give nuance to fish work operating across time and space, and shows how such work intersects with ecological decline and further drives precarity.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
High prevalence of persistent emotional distress in desmoid tumor
Authors: Ingley Katrina M. , Klein Roberta , Theobalds Nicole , Burtenshaw Sally , Abdul Razak Albiruni R. , Chen Bo , Xu Wei , Gladdy Rebecca , Li Madeline , Gupta Abha A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveClinical experience suggests a high prevalence of emotional distress in patients with desmoid tumor (DT). We examine longitudinal Distress Assessment and Response Tool (DART) scores to estimate prevalence and persistence of distress, and compare cross‐sectional data between DT and malignant sarcoma cohorts, to identify predictors of distress.MethodsPatients with DT completed DART at: T1—diagnosis, T2—during, T3—<6 months, and T4—≥6 months, post‐treatment. DART includes patient‐reported outcome measures of physical symptoms (ESAS‐r), depression (PHQ‐9), anxiety (GAD‐7), and social difficulties (SDI‐21). Descriptive prevalence and persistence of anxiety, depression, and wellbeing are reported, and mixed model regression analyses determine predictors of distress.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2018, a total of 152 DART screens from 94 patients with DT were completed (T1: n = 44, T2: n = 31, T3: n = 22, T4: n = 55). Patients had a mean age 40 years, 78% were female and DT locations were abdominal wall (48%), extremity (30%), and mesentery (22%). Moderate to severe ESAS‐r scores (≥4) persisted at T4 for anxiety (20%), depression (13%), and poor wellbeing (31%). Compared to 402 patients with malignant sarcoma, patients with abdominal wall sited DT reported severe PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7 scores twice as frequently. Abdominal wall location, female sex, history of mood problems, and psychosocial concerns were significant predictors of anxiety, depression, and poor wellbeing in DT.ConclusionsAdults with DT experience persistently high emotional distress compared to patients with malignant sarcoma. Women with abdominal wall DT, prior mood, and current psychosocial concerns need early attention within multidisciplinary treatment settings to reduce persistent distress.
Mixed Organic Ligand Shells: Controlling the Nanoparticle Surface Morphology toward Tuning the Optoelectronic Properties
Authors: Henkel Christian , Wittmann Judith E. , Träg Johannes , Will Johannes , Stiegler Lisa M. S. , Strohriegl Peter , Hirsch Andreas , Unruh Tobias , Zahn Dirk , Halik Marcus , Guldi Dirk M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrecise control over the ratio of perylene bisimide (PBI) monomers and aggregates, immobilized on alumina nanoparticle (NP) surfaces, is demonstrated. Towards this goal, phosphonic acid functionalized PBI derivatives (PA‐PBI) are shown to self‐assemble into stoichiometrically mixed monolayers featuring aliphatic, glycolic, or fluorinated phosphonic acid ligands, serving as imbedding matrix (PA‐M) to afford core–shell NPs. Different but, nevertheless, defined PBI monomer/aggregate composition is achieved by either the variation in the PA‐PBI to PA‐M ratios, or the utilization of different PA‐Ms. Various steady‐state as well as time‐resolved spectroscopy techniques are applied to probe the core–shell NPs with respect to changes in their optical properties upon variations in the shell composition. To this end, the ratio between monomer and excimer‐like emission assists in deriving information on the self‐assembled monolayer composition, local ordering, and corresponding aggregate content. With the help of X‐ray reflectivity measurements, accompanied by molecular dynamics simulations, the built‐up of the particle shells, in general, and the PBI aggregation behavior, in particular, are explored in depth.
DevDocOps: Enabling continuous documentation in alignment with DevOps
Authors: Rong Guoping , Jin Zefeng , Zhang He , Zhang Youwen , Ye Wenhua , Shao Dong 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe proliferation of DevOps enables significant acceleration and automation of the delivery and deployment of massive software products. Unfortunately, the development of supporting documents that is vital for large‐scale software systems in many cases does not keep pace with the rhythm of feature delivery using DevOps in practice, which becomes the bottleneck for many software organizations to deliver full value to the customers as claimed by the DevOps. This paper proposes, implements, and evaluates an integrated approach, DevDocOps, for continuous automated documentation, in particular for DevOps. With DevDocOps, supporting documents are created along with the development process simultaneously by various roles within a DevOps project, which largely guarantees the accuracy and integrity of documents as well as significantly increases their delivery speed. Within an established delivery chain, a set of templates are created to collect and transform the required information from its origin to the target documents for delivery. A real system, iDoc, is implemented to map, collect, and synthesize the information from document templates and automate the documentation process. DevDocOps has been successfully adopted in a top‐tier global telecommunication enterprise to support more than 5000 users with different roles related to documentation. The lag time between the releases of the product version and its supporting document has been shortened from 1 to 2 months on average to less than 2 days. DevDocOps extends the scope of DevOps and enhances the value delivery by supporting continuous documentation and bridges the gap between feature delivery and document delivery with automation.