bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of
Arthrobacter oxydans
,
Arthrobacter luteolus
sp. nov., and
Arthrobacter albus
sp. nov., Isolated from Human Clinical Specimens
Authors: Wauters Georges , Charlier Jacqueline , Janssens Michèle , Delmée Michel 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Five
Arthrobacter
isolates from clinical specimens were studied by phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genetic characterization. Two strains had characteristics consistent with those of
Arthrobacter oxydans
. One strain was related to
A. citreus
; however, DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic characteristics indicated that this strain belongs to a new species, for which the name
Arthrobacter luteolus
sp. nov. is proposed. Two strains were closely related to
A. cumminsii
by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, but DNA-DNA hybridization, peptidoglycan type, and some phenotypic features indicated that they should be assigned to a new species, for which the name
Arthrobacter albus
sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of
A. luteolus
is CF25 (DSM 13067). The type strain of
A. albus
is CF43 (DSM 13068).
Limitation of the AccuProbe
Coccidioides immitis
Culture Identification Test: False-Negative Results with Formaldehyde-Killed Cultures
Authors: Gromadzki Sally G. , Chaturvedi Vishnu 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

The AccuProbe
Coccidioides immitis
culture identification test (CI test) yielded false-negative results with formaldehyde-killed
C. immitis
submitted to a reference laboratory. Further evaluation with pure or mixed cultures or stored, heat-killed cultures revealed the CI test to be highly sensitive and specific for
C. immitis
except when the cultures were pretreated with formaldehyde.
Rapid Identification of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusand Simultaneous Species Confirmation Using Real-Time Fluorescence PCR
Authors: Reischl Udo , Linde Hans-Jörg , Metz Michaela , Leppmeier Birgit , Lehn Norbert 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTA duplex LightCycler PCR assay targeting themecAgene and aStaphylococcus aureus-specific marker was used to test 165S. aureusstrains and 80 strains of other bacterial species. Within an assay time of 60 min plus 10 min for sample preparation,S. aureusas well as the presence or absence of themecAgene was correctly identified.
Recurrent Bacteremic Peritonitis Caused by
Enterococcus cecorum
in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Hsueh Po-Ren , Teng Lee-Jene , Chen Yu-Chi , Yang Pan-Chyr , Ho Shen-Wu , Luh Kwen-Tay 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT

Enterococcus cecorum
(formerly
Streptococcus cecorum
), originally isolated from poultry intestines, has rarely been encountered in human diseases. A 60-year-old man with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma developed peritonitis on the seventh day of his hospitalization. Cultures of one blood sample and one ascites fluid sample obtained on that day both grew
E. cecorum
. The patient received intravenous cefoxitin therapy and initially responded well. Unfortunately, another episode of peritonitis associated with septic shock developed 24 days after the start of treatment, and culture of one blood specimen yielded the same organism. The isolates were identified by the conventional biochemical tests, the API Rapid ID 32 Strep system, and the API ZYM system (both systems from bioMerieux, Marcy L'Etoile, France) and were further confirmed by cellular fatty acid chromatography and 16S rRNA gene partial sequencing. The identical biotype, antibiotype, and random amplified polymorphic DNA pattern of the three isolates documented the long-term persistence of this organism in the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical description of recurrent bacteremic peritonitis caused by
E. cecorum.
Genetic Characterization of an H1N2 Influenza Virus Isolated from a Pig In Indiana
Authors: Karasin Alexander I. , Olsen Christopher W. , Anderson Gary A. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTAn H1N2 influenza virus was isolated from a pig during an outbreak of respiratory disease and abortion on an Indiana farm in November 1999. Results of phylogenetic analyses indicate that this virus is a reassortant between a recent classical H1 swine virus and the reassortant H3N2 viruses that have emerged among American pigs since 1998.
Genistein stimulates insulin sensitivity through gut microbiota reshaping and skeletal muscle AMPK activation in obese subjects
Authors: Guevara-Cruz Martha , Godinez-Salas Einar T , Sanchez-Tapia Monica , Torres-Villalobos Gonzalo , Pichardo-Ontiveros Edgar , Guizar-Heredia Rocio , Arteaga-Sanchez Liliana , Gamba Gerardo , Mojica-Espinosa Raul , Schcolnik-Cabrera Alejandro , Granados Omar , López-Barradas Adriana , Vargas-Castillo Ariana , Torre-Villalvazo Ivan , Noriega Lilia G , Torres Nimbe , Tovar Armando R 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveObesity is associated with metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance and dyslipidemias. Previous studies demonstrated that genistein intake modifies the gut microbiota in mice by selectively increasingAkkermansia muciniphila, leading to reduction of metabolic endotoxemia and insulin sensitivity. However, it is not known whether the consumption of genistein in humans with obesity could modify the gut microbiota reducing the metabolic endotoxemia and insulin sensitivity.Research design and methods45 participants with a Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) index greater than 2.5 and body mass indices of ≥30 and≤40 kg/m2were studied. Patients were randomly distributed to consume (1) placebo treatment or (2) genistein capsules (50 mg/day) for 2 months. Blood samples were taken to evaluate glucose concentration, lipid profile and serum insulin. Insulin resistance was determined by means of the HOMA for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and by an oral glucose tolerance test. After 2 months, the same variables were assessed including a serum metabolomic analysis, gut microbiota, and a skeletal muscle biopsy was obtained to study the gene expression of fatty acid oxidation.ResultsIn the present study, we show that the consumption of genistein for 2 months reduced insulin resistance in subjects with obesity, accompanied by a modification of the gut microbiota taxonomy, particularly by an increase in the Verrucomicrobia phylum. In addition, subjects showed a reduction in metabolic endotoxemia and an increase in 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle. As a result, there was an increase in circulating metabolites of β-oxidation and ω-oxidation, acyl-carnitines and ketone bodies.ConclusionsChange in the gut microbiota was accompanied by an improvement in insulin resistance and an increase in skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation. Therefore, genistein could be used as a part of dietary strategies to control the abnormalities associated with obesity, particularly insulin resistance; however, long-term studies are needed.
Levels of ankle–brachial index and the risk of diabetes mellitus complications
Authors: Alves-Cabratosa Lia , Comas-Cufí Marc , Ponjoan Anna , Garcia-Gil Maria , Martí-Lluch Ruth , Blanch Jordi , Elosua-Bayes Marc , Parramon Dídac , Camós Lourdes , Guzmán Lidia , Ramos Rafel 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveWe sought to compare the association of categorized ankle–brachial index (ABI) with mortality and complications of diabetes in persons with no symptoms of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and in primary cardiovascular disease prevention.Research design and methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of persons with type 2 diabetes aged 35–85 years, from 2006 to 2011. Data were obtained from the Sistema d'Informació per al Desenvolupament de la Investigació en Atenció Primària (SIDIAPQ). Participants had an ABI measurement that was classified into six categories. For each category of ABI, we assessed the incidence of mortality; macrovascular complications of diabetes: acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischemic stroke, and a composite of these two; and microvascular complications of this metabolic condition: nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. We also estimated the HRs for these outcomes by ABI category using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsData from 34 689 persons with type 2 diabetes were included. The mean age was 66.2; 51.5% were men; and the median follow-up was 6.0 years. The outcome with the highest incidence was nephropathy, with 24.4 cases per 1000 person-years in the reference category of 1.1≤ABI≤1.3. The incidences in this category for mortality and AMI were 15.4 and 4.1, respectively. In the Cox models, low ABI was associated with increased risk and was significant from ABI lower than 0.9; below this level, the risk kept increasing steeply. High ABI (over 1.3) was also associated with significant increased risk for most outcomes.ConclusionsThe studied categories of ABI were associated with different risks of type 2 diabetes complications in persons asymptomatic for PAD, who were in primary cardiovascular prevention. These findings could be useful to optimize preventive interventions according to the ABI category in this population.
‘I can do this’: a qualitative exploration of acceptability and experiences of a physical activity behaviour change intervention in people with multiple sclerosis in the UK
Authors: Fortune Jennifer , Norris Meriel , Stennett Andrea , Kilbride Cherry , Lavelle Grace , Hendrie Wendy , de Souza Lorraine , Abdul Mohamed , Brewin Debbie , David Lee , Anokye Nana , Victor Christina , Ryan Jennifer M 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who participated in iStep-MS, a feasibility randomised controlled trial of a behaviour change intervention that aimed to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour.DesignA qualitative approach was undertaken embedded in the feasibility randomised controlled trial. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using Framework analysis.SettingParticipants were recruited from a single MS therapy centre in the southeast of England, UK.ParticipantsSixty people with MS were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention or usual care. Following a purposive sampling strategy, 15 participants from the intervention arm undertook 1:1 semi-structured interviews.InterventionsThe iStep-MS intervention consisted of four therapist-led sessions over 12 weeks, supported by a handbook and pedometer.ResultsThree themes were identified from the data.“I can do this”: developing competence in physical activityhighlights the enhanced physical activity confidence gained through goal setting and accomplishment. “I felt valued”: the nurturing cultureprovides an overview of the supportive and non-judgemental environment created by the programme structure and therapeutic relationship. Finally, “What can I do?”: empowered enactmentdescribes the transition from the supported iStep-MS intervention to intrinsically motivated physical activity enactment.ConclusionsOverall, this study supports the acceptability of the iStep-MS intervention and identified key areas that supported participants to be physically active.Trial registration numberISRCTN15343862.
Exploring the association between recent concussion, subconcussive impacts and depressive symptoms in male Australian Football players
Authors: Harris Sarah Ann , Chivers Paola T , McIntyre Fleur L , Piggott Ben , Bulsara Max , Farringdon Fiona H 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesTo explore the association between depressive symptoms and recent head-related trauma (diagnosed concussion, subconcussive impacts) in semiprofessional male Australian Football (AF) players.MethodsSixty-nine semiprofessional male players from a West Australian Football League (WAFL) club participated in the study (Mage=21.81, SD=2.91 years). Depressive symptoms were measured using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Injuries and potential confounding variables (eg, pre-existing mental health condition; alcohol or drug hangovers; experiencing a stressful event) were self-reported anonymously using the WAFL Injury Report Survey. Both tools were administered every 2-weeks over the first 22-weeks of the WAFL season. Controlling for potential confounding variables and other injuries, a repeated measures generalised estimating equations model assessed the risk of clinically relevant depressive symptoms occurring, when diagnosed concussion or subconcussive impacts were experienced.ResultsA total of 10 concussions and 183 subconcussive impacts were reported. Players who experienced a concussion were almost nine times more likely to experience clinically relevant depressive symptoms (OR 8.88, 95% CI 2.65 to 29.77, p<0.001). Although elevated, depressive symptoms following subconcussive impacts were not statistically significant (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.92, p=0.641).ConclusionThese findings indicate that semiprofessional AF athletes may be at risk of experiencing depressive symptoms after concussion. Severity (concussion vs subconcussive impacts) and dose (number of impacts) appear to have an important relationship with depressive symptom outcomes in this cohort and should be considered for further research and management of player welfare.
Association between age and readmission after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Qin Yingyi , Wei Xin , Han Hedong , Wen Yumeng , Gu Kevin , Ruan Yiming , Lucas Claire Huang , Baber Usman , Tomey Matthew I , He Jia 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association between age and the risk of 30-day unplanned readmission among adult patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsThis retrospective analysis included patients from the Nationwide Readmissions Database with AMI who underwent PCI during 2013–2014. We used multivariable logistic regression model to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for risk of readmission. To examine potential non-linear association, we performed logistic regression with restricted cubic splines (RCS).ResultsOf the 492 550 patients with AMI aged above 18 years undergoing PCI during the index hospitalisation, 48 630 (9.87%) were readmitted within 30 days. Although the crude readmission rate of younger patients (aged 18–54 years) was the lowest (7.27%), younger patients had higher risk of readmission compared with patients aged 55–64 years for all-causes (AOR 1.06 (1.01 to 1.11), p=0.0129) and specific causes, such as AMI and chest pain (both cardiac and non-specific) after adjusted for covariates. Patients aged 65–74 years were at lower risk of all-cause readmission. Older patients (age ≥75 years) had higher risk of readmission for heart failure (AOR 1.50 (1.29 to 1.74)) and infection (AOR 1.44 (1.16 to 1.79)), but lower risk for chest pain. RCS analyses showed a U-shaped relationship between age and readmission risk.ConclusionsOur results suggest higher risk of readmission in younger patients for all-cause unplanned readmission after adjusted for covariates. The trends of readmission risk along with age were different for specific causes. Age-targeted initiatives are warranted to reduce preventable readmissions in patients with AMI undergoing PCI.
Different contribution of SBP and DBP variability to vascular events in patients with stroke
Authors: Dai Liye , Cheng Aichun , Hao Xiwa , Xu Jie , Zuo Yingting , Wang Anxin , Meng Xia , Li Hao , Wang Yilong , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Yongjun 
Published: March 2020

Background
High blood pressure variability (BPV) is a novel risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the heterogeneity of systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) and diastolic blood pressure variability (DBPV) for different vascular events remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether SBPV or DBPV has different contribution to vascular events in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (IS) or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

Methods
Data from the BOSS (blood pressure and clinical outcome in TIA or IS) study were examined for vascular events at 3-month and 1-year follow-up. BPV was defined as the SD and coefficient of variation (CV) of day-to-day measurements within 3 months after IS/TIA. Vascular events include cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, unstable angina, cardiac death and congestive heart failure) and cerebrovascular events (ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke). Logistic regression model was used to test the associations between BPV and vascular events.

Results

Of 2325 patients with IS or TIA, 103 (4.43 %) experienced a recurrent stroke and 64 (2.75 %) had cardiovascular events within 3 months. Day-to-day SBPV was only associated with stroke recurrence (BPV
SD
: OR, 1.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.71; BPV
CV
: 1.86, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.92), but not cardiovascular events (BPV
SD
: 1.67, 95% CI 0.94 to 2.94; BPV
CV
: 1.51, 95% CI 0.86 to 2.64). However, DBPV seems to be related to both stroke (BPV
SD
: 1.60, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.49; BPV
CV
: 1.53, 95% CI 0.99 to 2.37) and cardiovascular events (BPV
SD
: 2.48, 95% CI 1.37 to 4.48; BPV
CV
: 1.92, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.36). Similar results were found at 1 year.

Conclusions
For patients with IS/TIA, stroke recurrence was associated with both SBPV and DBPV; however, cardiovascular events seem to be only related to DBPV.
Superstatistics and non-Gaussian diffusion
Authors: Metzler Ralf 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBrownian motion and viscoelastic anomalous diffusion in homogeneous environments are intrinsically Gaussian processes. In a growing number of systems, however, non-Gaussian displacement distributions of these processes are being reported. The physical cause of the non-Gaussianity is typically seen in different forms of disorder. These include, for instance, imperfect “ensembles” of tracer particles, the presence of local variations of the tracer mobility in heteroegenous environments, or cases in which the speed or persistence of moving nematodes or cells are distributed. From a theoretical point of view stochastic descriptions based on distributed (“superstatistical”) transport coefficients as well as time-dependent generalisations based on stochastic transport parameters with built-in finite correlation time are invoked. After a brief review of the history of Brownian motion and the famed Gaussian displacement distribution, we here provide a brief introduction to the phenomenon of non-Gaussianity and the stochastic modelling in terms of superstatistical and diffusing-diffusivity approaches.
Systematic Establishment of Robustness and Standards in Patient-Derived Xenograft Experiments and Analysis
Authors: Evrard Yvonne A. , Srivastava Anuj , Randjelovic Jelena , Doroshow James H. , Dean Dennis A. , Morris Jeffrey S. , Chuang Jeffrey H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPatient-derived xenografts (PDX) are tumor-in-mouse models for cancer. PDX collections, such as the NCI PDXNet, are powerful resources for preclinical therapeutic testing. However, variations in experimental and analysis procedures have limited interpretability. To determine the robustness of PDX studies, the PDXNet tested temozolomide drug response for three prevalidated PDX models (sensitive, resistant, and intermediate) across four blinded PDX Development and Trial Centers using independently selected standard operating procedures. Each PDTC was able to correctly identify the sensitive, resistant, and intermediate models, and statistical evaluations were concordant across all groups. We also developed and benchmarked optimized PDX informatics pipelines, and these yielded robust assessments across xenograft biological replicates. These studies show that PDX drug responses and sequence results are reproducible across diverse experimental protocols. In addition, we share the range of experimental procedures that maintained robustness, as well as standardized cloud-based workflows for PDX exome-sequencing and RNA-sequencing analyses and for evaluating growth.Significance:The PDXNet Consortium shows that PDX drug responses and sequencing results are reproducible across diverse experimental protocols, establishing the potential for multisite preclinical studies to translate into clinical trials.
Outcome-Related Signatures Identified by Whole Transcriptome Sequencing of Resectable Stage III/IV Melanoma Evaluated after Starting Hu14.18-IL2
Authors: Yang Richard K. , Kuznetsov Igor B. , Ranheim Erik A. , Wei Jun S. , Sindiri Sivasish , Gryder Berkley E. , Gangalapudi Vineela , Song Young K. , Patel Viharkumar , Hank Jacquelyn A. , Zuleger Cindy , Erbe Amy K. , Morris Zachary S. , Quale Renae , Kim KyungMann , Albertini Mark R. , Khan Javed , Sondel Paul M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
We analyzed whole transcriptome sequencing in tumors from 23 patients with stage III or IV melanoma from a pilot trial of the anti-GD2 immunocytokine, hu14.18-IL2, to identify predictive immune and/or tumor biomarkers in patients with melanoma at high risk for recurrence.

Experimental Design:
Patients were randomly assigned to receive the first of three monthly courses of hu14.18-IL2 immunotherapy either before (Group A) or after (Group B) complete surgical resection of all known diseases. Tumors were evaluated by histology and whole transcriptome sequencing.

Results:
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) levels directly associated with relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in resected tumors from Group A, where early responses to the immunotherapy agent could be assessed. TIL levels directly associated with a previously reported immune signature, which associated with RFS and OS, particularly in Group A tumors. In Group A tumors, there were decreased cell-cycling gene RNA transcripts, but increased RNA transcripts for repair and growth genes. We found that outcome (RFS and OS) was directly associated with several immune signatures and immune-related RNA transcripts and inversely associated with several tumor growth–associated transcripts, particularly in Group A tumors. Most of these associations were not seen in Group B tumors.

Conclusions:
We interpret these data to signify that both immunologic and tumoral cell processes, as measured by RNA-sequencing analyses detected shortly after initiation of hu14.18-IL2 therapy, are associated with long-term survival and could potentially be used as prognostic biomarkers in tumor resection specimens obtained after initiating neoadjuvant immunotherapy.