bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demonstration of > 2π reflection phase range in optical metasurfaces based on detuned gap-surface plasmon resonators
Authors: Damgaard-Carstensen Christopher , Ding Fei , Meng Chao , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPlasmonic metasurfaces, representing arrays of gap-surface plasmon (GSP) resonators and consisting of arrays of metal nanobricks atop thin dielectric layers supported by thick metal films, constitute an important subclass of optical metasurfaces operating in reflection and enabling the realization of numerous, diverse and multiple, functionalities. The available phase variation range is however limited to being $$<\! 2\pi$$

<

2
π

, a circumstance that complicates the metasurface design for functionalities requiring slowly varying phases over the whole range of $$2\pi$$

2
π

, e.g., in holographic applications. The available phase range also determines the wavelength bandwidth of metasurfaces operating with linearly polarized fields due to the propagation (size-dependent) nature of the reflection phase. We suggest an approach to extend the phase range and bandwidth limitations in the GSP-based metasurfaces by incorporating a pair of detuned GSP resonators into a metasurface elementary unit cell. With detailed simulations related to those for conventional single-resonator metasurfaces and proof-of-concept experiments, we demonstrate that the detuned-resonator GSP metasurfaces designed for beam steering at $${900}\,\,\hbox {nm}$$

900

nm

wavelength exhibit the extended reflection phase and operation bandwidth. We believe that the considered detuned-resonator GSP metasurfaces can advantageously be exploited in applications requiring the design of arbitrary phase gradients and/or broadband operation with linearly polarized fields.
Proteomic landscape of TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis in renal fibroblasts
Authors: Zhou Shujun , Yin Xiaoke , Mayr Manuel , Noor Mazhar , Hylands Peter J. , Xu Qihe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTransforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays a premier role in fibrosis. To understand the molecular events underpinning TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis, we examined the proteomic profiling of a TGF-β1-induced in vitro model of fibrosis in NRK-49F normal rat kidney fibroblasts. Mass spectrometric analysis indicated that 628 cell-lysate proteins enriched in 44 cellular component clusters, 24 biological processes and 27 molecular functions were regulated by TGF-β1. Cell-lysate proteins regulated by TGF-β1 were characterised by increased ribosomal proteins and dysregulated proteins involved in multiple metabolic pathways, including reduced Aldh3a1 and induced Enpp1 and Impdh2, which were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In conditioned media, 62 proteins enriched in 20 cellular component clusters, 40 biological processes and 7 molecular functions were regulated by TGF-β1. Secretomic analysis and ELISA uncovered dysregulated collagen degradation regulators (induced PAI-1 and reduced Mmp3), collagen crosslinker (induced Plod2), signalling molecules (induced Ccn1, Ccn2 and Tsku, and reduced Ccn3) and chemokines (induced Ccl2 and Ccl7) in the TGF-β1 group. We conclude that TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis in renal fibroblasts is an intracellular metabolic disorder and is inherently coupled with inflammation mediated by chemokines. Proteomic profiling established in this project may guide development of novel anti-fibrotic therapies in a network pharmacology approach.
Portuguese wild grapevine genome re-sequencing (Vitis vinifera sylvestris)
Authors: Ramos Miguel J. N. , Coito João L. , Faísca-Silva David , Cunha Jorge , Costa M. Manuela R. , Amâncio Sara , Rocheta Margarida 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe first genome ofVitis vinifera vinifera(PN40024), published in 2007, boosted grapevine related studies. While this reference genome is a suitable tool for the overall studies in the field, it lacks the ability to unveil changes accumulated duringV. v. viniferadomestication. The subspeciesV. v. sylvestrispreserves wild characteristics, making it a good material to provide insights intoV. v. viniferadomestication. The difference in the reproductive strategy between both subspecies is one of the characteristics that set them apart. WhileV. v. viniferaflowers are hermaphrodite,V. v. sylvestrisis mostly dioecious. In this paper, we compare the re-sequencing of the genomes from a male and a female individual of the wildsylvestris, against the referenceviniferagenome (PN40024). Variant analysis reveals a low number but with high impact modifications in coding regions, essentially non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms and frame shifts caused by insertions and deletions. The sex-locus was manually inspected, and the results obtained are in line with the most recent works related with wild grapevine sex. In this paper we also describe for the first time RNA editing in transcripts of 14 genes in the sex-determining region, includingVviYABBYandVviPLATZ.
State-of-the-art and prospects for intense red radiation from core–shell InGaN/GaN nanorods
Authors: Evropeitsev Evgenii A. , Kazanov Dmitrii R. , Robin Yoann , Smirnov Alexander N. , Eliseyev Ilya A. , Davydov Valery Yu. , Toropov Alexey A. , Nitta Shugo , Shubina Tatiana V. , Amano Hiroshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCore–shell nanorods (NRs) with InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) are promising for monolithic white light-emitting diodes and multi-color displays. Such applications, however, are still a challenge because intensity of the red band is too weak compared with blue and green. To clarify this problem, we measured photoluminescence of different NRs, depending on power and temperature, as well as with time resolution. These studies have shown that dominant emission bands come from nonpolar and semipolar QWs, while a broad yellow-red band arises mainly from defects in the GaN core. An emission from polar QWs located at the NR tip is indistinguishable against the background of defect-related luminescence. Our calculations of electromagnetic field distribution inside the NRs show a low density of photon states at the tip, which additionally suppresses the radiation of polar QWs. We propose placing polar QWs inside a cylindrical part of the core, where the density of photon states is higher and the well area is much larger. Such a hybrid design, in which the excess of blue radiation from shell QWs is converted to red radiation in core wells, can help solve the urgent problem of red light for many applications of NRs.
Early prediction of necrotizing pneumonia from mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with large pulmonary lesions in children
Authors: Zhou Yunlian , Hu Mengting , Ye Bei , Chen Zhimin , Zhang Yuanyuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo compare the different features of necrotizing pneumonia (NP) and non-NP (NNP) caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) with large pulmonary lesions, and explore the predictor for NP to differentiate from MPP. A retrospective study of MPP patients with large pulmonary lesions hospitalized from January 2008 to December 2019 was enrolled, and clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, radiological findings were analyzed. Of 135 MPP patients with large pulmonary lesions, 56 were in the NP group, 79 were in the NNP group. We found the median length of fever days were much longer in NP group than those in NNP group. Higher levels of WBC, CRP, LDH, IL-6 in NP group were observed. Furthermore, the incidence of pulmonary consolidation was much higher in NP patients than that in NNP patients, while the CT value of large pulmonary lesion was much lower in NP patients. In ROC curve analysis, the cut-off values for the CT value and IFN-γ were 36.43 and 7.25 pg/ml, respectively. NP caused by MPP might be easier to suffer from prolonged clinical course, severe laboratory and radiological findings. CT value of large pulmonary lesions and IFN-γ could be used as biomarkers to predict NP from MPP with large pulmonary lesions in children.
Resistive switching in diamondoid thin films
Authors: Jantayod A. , Doonyapisut D. , Eknapakul T. , Smith M. F. , Meevasana W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe electrical transport properties of a thin film of the diamondoid adamantane, deposited on an Au/W substrate, were investigated experimentally. The current I, in applied potential V, from the admantane-thiol/metal heterstructure to a wire lead on its surface exhibited non-symmetric (diode-like) characteristics and a signature of resistive switching (RS), an effect that is valuable to non-volatile memory applications. I(V) follows a hysteresis curve that passes twice through $$I(0)=0$$

I
(
0
)
=
0

linearly, indicating RS between two states with significantly different conductances, possibly due to an exotic mechanism.
Hemispherical acoustic Luneburg lens with the acoustic Goos–Hänchen shift and Fresnel filtering effect
Authors: Park Choon Mahn , Yim Geo-Su , Cho Kyuman , Lee Sang Hun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA two-dimensional (2D) slice of a 3D hemispherical acoustic Luneburg lens using a quasi-conformal transformation and face-centred-orifice-cubic (FCOC) unit cells is designed and fabricated. With the system, the focusing characteristics of acoustic waves with frequencies that satisfy the homogeneous medium condition of the metamaterial are observed, such as focusing of acoustic plane waves at the antipodal point on the transformed surface of the opposite side for the incident direction and focus spreading due to total internal reflection at the focus point. The attenuation losses of the system are measured and compared with those of an untransformed system with respect to frequency. The value of the acoustic Goos–Hänchen shift is determined by comparing the experimental and theoretical and simulated values of the focus points with respect to the incident angle. The effect of acoustic Fresnel filtering due to the angular distribution of the incident waves at the flat surface boundary is verified by comparing the results of the experiment and a simulation.
Cancer-associated hypersialylated MUC1 drives the differentiation of human monocytes into macrophages with a pathogenic phenotype
Authors: Beatson Richard , Graham Rosalind , Grundland Freile Fabio , Cozzetto Domenico , Kannambath Shichina , Pfeifer Ester , Woodman Natalie , Owen Julie , Nuamah Rosamond , Mandel Ulla , Pinder Sarah , Gillett Cheryl , Noll Thomas , Bouybayoune Ihssane , Taylor-Papadimitriou Joyce , Burchell Joy M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe tumour microenvironment plays a crucial role in the growth and progression of cancer, and the presence of tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) is associated with poor prognosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that TAMs display transcriptomic, phenotypic, functional and geographical diversity. Here we show that a sialylated tumour-associated glycoform of the mucin MUC1, MUC1-ST, through the engagement of Siglec-9 can specifically and independently induce the differentiation of monocytes into TAMs with a unique phenotype that to the best of our knowledge has not previously been described. These TAMs can recruit and prolong the lifespan of neutrophils, inhibit the function of T cells, degrade basement membrane allowing for invasion, are inefficient at phagocytosis, and can induce plasma clotting. This macrophage phenotype is enriched in the stroma at the edge of breast cancer nests and their presence is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients.
The different associations between platelet distribution width and hypertension subtypes in males and females
Authors: Li Tingwei , Jin Jiahui , Meng Zhaowei , Zhang Wenjuan , Li Yongle , Yu Xuefang , Du Xin , Liu Ming , Zhang Qing , Gao Ying , Song Kun , Wang Xing , Fan Yaguang , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension has increased rapidly in recent years. Currently, increasing attention has been paid to the relationship between hypertension and platelet abnormalities. As a simple and available platelet parameter, platelet distribution width (PDW) can reflect platelet abnormalities and further reflect the risk of thrombotic diseases. However, the views on PDW and hypertension are controversial at present studies. Hence, we aimed to find the associations between PDW and hypertension subtypes in the present study. A total of 73,469 participants (44,665 males and 28,804 females) were enrolled. We found that PDW was a risk factor for isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), and the risk of ISH increased with PDW quartiles among women. In men, high PDW might be a risk factor for isolated diastolic hypertension and systolic–diastolic hypertension.
Skeletal muscle redox signaling in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Steinz Maarten M. , Santos-Alves Estela , Lanner Johanna T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by synovitis and the presence of serum autoantibodies. In addition, skeletal muscle weakness is a common comorbidity that contributes to inability to work and reduced quality of life. Loss in muscle mass cannot alone account for the muscle weakness induced by RA, but instead intramuscular dysfunction appears as a critical factor underlying the decreased force generating capacity for patients afflicted by arthritis. Oxidative stress and associated oxidative post-translational modifications have been shown to contribute to RA-induced muscle weakness in animal models of arthritis and patients with RA. However, it is still unclear how and which sources of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) that are involved in the oxidative stress that drives the progression toward decreased muscle function in RA. Nevertheless, mitochondria, NADPH oxidases (NOX), nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and phospholipases (PLA) have all been associated with increased ROS/RNS production in RA-induced muscle weakness. In this review, we aim to cover potential ROS sources and underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress and loss of force production in RA. We also addressed the use of antioxidants and exercise as potential tools to counteract oxidative stress and skeletal muscle weakness.
58 GHz CMOS VCO with 16% efficiency
Authors: Tibenszky Z. , Carta C. , Ellinger F. 
Published: November 2020

This Letter presents a millimetre‐wave CMOS oscillator, which achieves 4.9 dBm output power with 16% peak power efficiency. A phase noise of at 1 MHz offset frequency and 26.7% tuning range around 57.5 GHz centre frequency were verified experimentally. To the best knowledge of the authors, the output power, efficiency, and phase noise performance are the best among fundamental CMOS oscillators in the frequency range of interest, while the tuning range is the third highest result reported to date. The circuit occupies a silicon area of without the matching inductors on a 22 nm fully depleted silicon on insulator (FD‐SOI) CMOS technology.
Wer wird Physiotherapeut? Eine Analyse der Persönlichkeits- und Motivstruktur von Auszubildenden der Physiotherapie im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung
Authors: Kemper Christoph J. , Eggers N. 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Für den Beruf des Physiotherapeuten sind fachliche Kompetenzen nötig, z. B. Fakten- und Handlungswissen. In Deutschland werden diese in einer Berufsausbildung, einem berufsbegleitenden, dualen oder primärqualifizierenden Studium vermittelt. Ebenfalls als erfolgskritisch gelten außerfachliche Kompetenzen, z. B. Freude an der Arbeit mit Menschen. Forschungsbefunde aus der Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie zeigen, dass eine gute Passung von Berufstätigen zu ihrer Arbeitsstelle (Person-Job-Fit) mit positiven Effekten für die Berufstätigen sowie für Bildungsträger und Arbeitgeber einhergehen kann.
Ziel Es wurde der Frage nachgegangen, ob sich (angehende) Physiotherapeuten in ihrer Persönlichkeitsstruktur, d. h. in außerfachlichen Kompetenzen, von der Allgemeinbevölkerung unterscheiden. Es wurde erwartet, dass ein Selbstselektionseffekt auftritt, d. h., dass den Bewerbern Stellenanforderungen bekannt sind und sie sich für eine Bewerbung entscheiden, wenn diese ihren Bedürfnissen und Interessen entsprechen.
Methode Erhebung von Daten aus fünf Physiotherapieschulen in privater Trägerschaft. Die Auszubildenden (N = 256) wurden anschließend anhand zweier Persönlichkeitsfragebögen, die zentrale Persönlichkeitsdispositionen und Motive erfassen, mit einer repräsentativen Stichprobe der Allgemeinbevölkerung verglichen.
Ergebnisse Es wurden signifikante Unterschiede zwischen beiden Stichproben gefunden, die mit den im Berufsbild beschriebenen Anforderungen korrespondieren. Die Auszubildenden zeigten im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung höhere Ausprägungen bei den Motiven „Sozialkontakte“, „Extraversion“, „Verträglichkeit“, „Soziales Engagement“ und „Bewegung“ sowie niedrigere Ausprägungen beim Motiv „Revanche“.
Schlussfolgerung Auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse empfehlen wir, dass außerfachliche Kompetenzen in Personalauswahlprozessen berücksichtig werden sollten.
Colon diverticulosis is not a risk factor for the detection of adenomatous polyps – results of a prospective study
Authors: Poszler Alexander , Walter Benjamin , Aulehner-Forlenza Christina , Haller Bernhard , Abdelhafez Mohamed , Brown Hayley , von Delius Stefan , Born Peter , Schmid Roland M. , Bajbouj Monther , Klare Peter 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and aims Colon diverticula (CD) and adenomatous polyps are frequently found during colonoscopy. Data from the literature contains inconsistent information about whether patients with CD have a higher risk for colon adenomas. A positive correlation might influence the current guidelines for screening colonoscopies. The aim of this study was to examine whether presence of CD is associated with endoscopic adenoma detection.
Materials and methods This was a prospective study at 2 centers in Germany. Patients with an indication for colonoscopy were included. The number and localization of diverticula were recorded. Detected polyps were resected, and histopathological results were captured. Logistic regression models were fitted to the data to evaluate the association between CD and adenoma detection.
Results A total of 938 colonoscopies was included. CD occurred in 49.1 % of the colonoscopies. The polyp and adenoma detection rates (PDR, ADR) were 50.3 % and 32.3 %. In 37.5 % of the patients with diverticula, at least 1 adenoma was detected, whereas this was the case in 27.3 % in the absence of diverticula. The presence of diverticula was positively correlated with the detection of adenomas in univariate analysis (p = 0.001), but no significant association could be found in multivariable analysis (p = 0.775). Increasing age (p < 0.001), male sex (p = 0.005), and longer withdrawal time (p < 0.001) were significant predictors for adenoma detection in the multivariable analysis. Similar results were also observed for both the distal and the proximal colon.
Discussion Diverticula and adenomas are frequently found during colonoscopies. However, diverticula disease was not significantly associated with adenoma detection after adjustment for relevant prognostic factors. Older age, male sex, and duration of withdrawal time are predictors for the detection of adenomatous polyps.
Tumor heterogeneity for differentiation between liver tumors and normal liver tissue in 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Hartmann Lynn , Bundschuh Lena , Zsótér Norbert , Essler Markus , Bundschuh Ralph Alexander 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAim Malignancies show higher spatial heterogeneity than normal tissue. We investigated, if textural parameters from FDG PET describing the heterogeneity function as tool to differentiate between tumor and normal liver tissue.Methods FDG PET/CT scans of 80 patients with liver metastases and 80 patients with results negative upper abdominal organs were analyzed. Metastases and normal liver tissue were analyzed drawing up to three VOIs with a diameter of 25 mm in healthy liver tissue of the tumoral affected and results negative liver, whilst up to 3 metastases per patient were delineated. Within these VOIs 30 different textural parameters were calculated as well as SUV. The parameters were compared in terms of intra-patient and inter-patient variability (2-sided t test). ROC analysis was performed to analyze predictive power and cut-off values.Results 28 textural parameters differentiated healthy and pathological tissue (p < 0.05) with high sensitivity and specificity. SUV showed ability to differentiate but with a lower significance. 15 textural parameters as well as SUV showed a significant variation between healthy tissues out of tumour infested and negative livers. Mean intra- and inter-patient variability of metastases were found comparable or lower for 6 of the textural features than the ones of SUV. They also showed good values of mean intra- and inter-patient variability of VOIs drawn in liver tissue of patients with metastases and of results negative ones.Conclusion Heterogeneity parameters assessed in FDG PET are promising to classify tissue and differentiate malignant lesions usable for more personalized treatment planning, therapy response evaluation and precise delineation of tumors for target volume determination as part of radiation therapy planning.
A Concise Enantiodivergent Synthesis of Equol
Authors: Tanimori Shinji , Uemura Takahito , Saito Yusuke , Sonoda Motohiro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEquol, a nonsteroidal estrogen produced from the metabolism of the isoflavonoid phytoestrogen daidzein, has been synthesized as both enantioenriched forms based on MacMillan’s α-arylation of carbonyl compound mediated by amino acid derived indazolidinones and copper precatalysts. The natural form of (S)-equol and its enantiomer (R)-equol have been synthesized in 8 steps from 2,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde with good enantiomeric purity (90% ee and 90% ee, respectively).
Decagram Synthesis of Dimethyl 1,4-Cubanedicarboxylate Using Continuous-Flow Photochemistry
Authors: Linclau Bruno , Collin Diego E. , Jackman Edward H. , Jouandon Nicolas , Sun Wei , Light Mark E. , Harrowven David C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe highly strained cubane system is of great interest as a scaffold and rigid linker in both pharmaceutical and materials chemistry. A straightforward approach is reported for the scale-up of a [2+2] photocycloaddition step using convenient home-made flow photoreactors to access dimethyl 1,4-cubanedicarboxylate on decagram-scale in 33–40% yield over 8 steps. The process is demonstrated on 3.4 g·h–1 input with 30 minutes residence time, enabling to reduce the process time and to avoid the use of batch photoreactors. Completion of the characterisation of the photocycloadduct and its hydrates is reported.