bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General practice patients starting treatment for substance use problems: observations from two data sources across levels of care
Authors: Boffin Nicole , Antoine Jerome , Baelen Luk Van , Moreels Sarah , Doggen Kris 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background In Belgium, the incidence of treatment episodes for substance use problems is monitored by the Network of Sentinel General Practices (SGP) and by the Treatment Demand Indicator (TDI) surveillance at higher, specialist care levels. Using both data sources, we examine 1) how patients starting specialist treatment for substance use problems on referral by their GP compare to those that were referred by non-GP caregivers; 2) how patients starting GP treatment for substance use problems without receiving specialist treatment concurrently compare to those who do. Methods Both surveillances are based on the TDI protocol for reporting data to the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) on persons starting treatment as a result of their substance use. Data from 2016 and 2017 were examined using 95% confidence intervals and multivariate logistic regression. Results According to TDI-data (n=16,543), determinants of being referred by a GP (versus by a non-GP caregiver) for specialist treatment were age ≥ median (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.13-1.38), education ≥ secondary level (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.15-1.41), recent employment (OR 1.71; 1.56-1.88), stable housing (3.62; 95% CI 3.08-4.26), first treatment episode (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.57-1.87), recent daily primary substance use (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.33-1.59) and mono substance use (OR 1.23; 95% CI 1.04-1.48). Type of substance use was a significant determinant with higher odds of using pharmaceuticals (and alcohol) (OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.04-1.48), and lower odds of using cannabis only/primarily (OR 0.73; 95% CI 0.62-0.86), with reference to street drugs minus cannabis only/primarily. According to SGP data (n=314), determinants of starting GP treatment without concurrent specialist treatment were recent employment (OR 2.58; 95% CI 1.36-4.91), first treatment episode (OR 2.78; 95% CI 1.39-5.55) and living in the Brussels or Walloon region (OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.06-3.66). Conclusions This study adds knowledge about the general practice population treated for substance use problems. It shows that both surveillances consistently found a relatively favourable profile of general practice patients with substance use problems.
Two-stage total hip arthroplasty for primary advanced septic arthritis of the hip in adults: comparison of debridement versus femoral head resection with spacer implantation
Authors: Li Zhenzhong , Wei Congcong , Li Xiangke , Yao Mengxuan , Li Huijie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the outcomes of debridement and total hip arthroplasty (THA) with antibiotic-loaded spacer implantation and subsequent THA for the treatment of patients affected by primary advanced septic arthritis (SA) of the hip in adults. Methods: All of the 20 patients (20 hips) underwent two-stage surgery. Nine patients were submitted to surgical debridement first, and then THA (group 1), while 11 patients were treated with antibiotic-loaded spacer and subsequent THA (group 2). Patients were evaluated based on the recurrence of infection, Harris hip score, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score and leg-length discrepancy. Results: No cases of infection, deep vein thrombosis, death, and loosening of hip prosthesis were observed during follow-up. The mean follow-up time was 29.09 ± 10.80 months in group 1, and 28.22 ± 14.80 months in group 2. Before the THA surgery, the mean leg-length discrepancy was 2.80 ± 2.03 cm in group 1, and 0.50 ± 0.23 cm in group 2 (P < 0.05). In the latest follow-up, The Harris hip scores of patients was 90.33 ± 4.85 in group 1 and 94.36 ± 2.34 in group 2 (P < 0.05), respectively. There was no statistical significant difference in VAS pain score of the hip between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Antibiotic-loaded spacer and subsequent THA is an effective method for the treatment of advanced SA of the hip in adults due to it can control infection and significantly improve functional hip.
The association between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease in a population-based cross-sectional case-control study
Authors: Renvert Stefan , Berglund Johan Sanmartin , Persson Rutger Gösta , Söderlin Maria K. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives The association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis remains unclear. We studied oral health and periodontitis in a population-based case-control study of individuals with ≥ 10 remaining teeth ≥61 years of age and either with, or without a diagnosis of RA. Methods 126 dentate individuals with RA were recruited together with age-matched control individuals without RA. The control individuals were recruited from the general population from the same city (n=249). A dental examination including a panoramic radiograph was performed on all participants. All individuals with RA were examined and medical records were reviewed by a rheumatologist. In the control group, none of the participants presented with symptoms of RA and their medical records were also negative. Results The RA group included more women (66.7% vs. 55.8%) (p<0.01). Individuals in the RA group had a higher body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001). A diagnosis of periodontitis was more common in the RA group (61.1%) than in the control group (33.7%) (p=0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis identified that a BMI > 25 (OR 6.2, 95% CI 3.6, 10.5, p= 0.000), periodontitis (OR 2.5 95% CI 1.5, 4.2 p=0.000), and female gender (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3-4.0, p=0.003) were associated with RA. Conclusion RA was associated with higher BMI, female gender, and more common diagnosis of periodontitis.
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase localised in the endoplasmic reticulum plays a role in scavenging H2O2 to enhance rice chilling tolerance
Authors: Fang Changxun , Zhang Pengli , Li Lanlan , Yang Luke , Mu Dan , Yan Xue , Li Zhong , Lin Wenxiong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Rice is a chilling-sensitive crop that would suffer serious damage from low temperatures. Overexpression of the Lsi1 gene (Lsi1-OX) in rice enhances its chilling tolerance. This study revealed that a serine hydroxymethyltransferase (OsSHMT) mainly localised in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in increasing tolerance to chilling. Results: A higher transcription level of OsSHMT was detected in Lsi1-OX rice than in the wild type. Histone H1 and nucleic acid binding protein were found to bind to the promoter region of OsSHMT and regulate its expression, and the transcription levels of these proteins were also up-regulated in the Lsi1-OX rice. Moreover, OsSHMT interacts with ATP synthase subunit α, heat shock protein Hsp70, mitochondrial substrate carrier family protein, ascorbate peroxidase 1 and ATP synthase subunit β. Lsi1-encoded protein OsNIP2;1 also interacts with ATP synthase subunit β, and the coordination of these proteins appears to function in reducing reactive oxygen species, as the H2O2 content of transgenic OsSHMT Arabidopsis thaliana was lower than that of the non-transgenic line under chilling treatment. Conclusions: Our results indicate that ER-localised OsSHMT plays a role in scavenging H2O2 to enhance the chilling tolerance of Lsi1-OX rice and that ATP synthase subunit β is an intermediate junction between OsNIP2;1 and OsSHMT.
In vitro cell culture of patient derived malignant pleural and peritoneal effusions for personalised drug screening
Authors: Wu Cheng-Guang , Chiovaro Francesca , Curioni Alessandra , Casanova Ruben , Soltermann Alex 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Malignant serous effusion (MSE) denotes a manifestation of metastatic disease with typical high concentrations of both cancer and immune cells, making them an ideal resource for in vitro cytologic studies. Hence, the aim of the study was to investigate the features of 2D and 3D MSE culture systems as well as their feasibilities for in vitro drug screening. Methods Pleural and peritoneal effusions from 8 patients were collected and processed for 2D monolayer and 3D hanging drop cell culture into GravityPLUS™ plates. Representative markers for cell components, proliferation rate and tumour classification were investigated by immunohistochemistry, followed by absolute quantification using a digitalised image analysis approach. Further, we implemented another 3D cell culture model based on a low attachment method for in vitro drug sensitivity testing of carboplatin, pemetrexed and pembrolizumab for 5 patients. Results Monolayer cell culture was favourable for the growth of mesothelial cells, while hanging drop culture in GravityPLUS™ plates showed better ability for preserving cancer cells, inducing positive diagnostic markers expression and restraining the growth of mesothelial cells. For in vitro drug testing, MSE from five patients presented various drug sensitivities, and one case showed strong response to PD-1 checkpoint inhibition (pembrolizumab). For some patients, the application of combinatorial drugs had better therapeutic responses compared to monotherapy. Conclusions Digitalised quantification of data offers a better understanding of different MSE culture models. More importantly, the proposed platforms are practical and amenable for performing in vitro chemo-/immunotherapeutic drug testing by using routine cytologic MSE in a personalised manner. Next to cell blocks, our work demonstrates the prognostic and predictive value of cytologic effusion samples.
PCV Cap proteins fused with calreticulin expressed into polymers in Escherichia coli with high immunogenicity in mice
Authors: Liu Chang , Liu Yunchao , Feng Hua , Zhao Baolei , Chen Yumei , Huang Huimin , Wang Pan , Deng Ruiguang , Zhang Gaiping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background：Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is considered as one of the critical viral pathogens of porcine circovirus diseases (PCVDs), which results in economic losses in the pig breeding industry. Capsid protein (Cap) of PCV2 acts as the most protective antigen in the course of immune response. Therefore, developing a novel and safe subunit vaccine against PCV2 infection is needed.Results: In this study, the Cap gene was bound to the truncated calreticulin (CRT) (120-250 aa/120-308 aa) at the N/C terminal, and then the CRT-Cap fusion genes were expressed in Escherichia coli (E.coli). The size-exclusion chromatography and dynamic light scattering (DLS) data showed that the purified recombinant CRT-Cap fusion protein (rP5F) existed in the form of polymers. The results of ELISA and NA indicated that humoral immune responses induced by rP5F in mice were almost identical to those by the commercial subunit and inactivated vaccines. The lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion were also detected in rP5F immunized mice. According to the results of PCV2-challenge experiment, the virus loads significantly decreased in mice immunized with rP5F. The data obtained in the current study revealed that rP5F had the potential to be a subunit vaccine candidate against PCV2 in the future.Conclusions: We have successfully expressed Cap-CRT fusion proteins in E.coli and optimized rP5F could form into immunogenic polymers. Mice immunized with rP5F efficiently induced humoral and part of cellular immune responses and decreased the virus content against PCV2-challenge, which suggested that rF5P could be a potential subunit vaccine candidate.
Meningitis caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum mimicking tuberculous meningitis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report and literature review.
Authors: Lin Siran , Yang Qingluan , Wang Ting , Jia Wen , Chen Shu , Zhang Wenhong , Shao Lingyun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a large group of microorganisms that mainly affect persons who have immune deficiency. Mycobacterium fortuitum is one of them, which usually cause soft tissue or pulmonary disease. Meningitis caused by M. fortuitum is extremely rare and is often confused with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) due to its low prevalence. Case presentation: A 35-year-old woman was referred to our hospital with a history of headache, followed by fever, chills, cough, and vomiting. The results of mycobacterial culture and TSPOT. TB of her cerebrospinal fluid were positive. Therefore, she was diagnosed with tuberculous meningitis and was given anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. During the observation, the CSF results were not significantly improved. Finally, hsp65 gene PCR revealed that the real pathogen was M. fortuitum . The treatment therapy was changed and the patient recovered after one-year combined chemotherapy. Conclusions: In this case we described a patient with M. fortuitum meningitis who was immunocompetent with no trauma or surgical history. The wrong diagnosis with TBM was made due to positive results of both blood and CSF TSPOT. TB . The pathological evidence and microbiological analysis of hsp65 gene PCR suggested the real pathogen to be M. fortuitum . The diagnostic accuracy of blood and CSF TSPOT. TB in case of TBM is moderate. Infections of NTM cannot be excluded when the patient does not respond to anti-tuberculous therapy and it is of great significance to do molecular identification for clinical isolates of mycobacterium.
Contact tracing of syphilis-seropositive pregnant women and syphilis-infection among their male partners in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, China
Authors: Yan Rui-lin , Deng Bao-qing , Wen Gui-chun , Huang Li-cheng , Li Li-mei , Huang Zhi-ming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Untreated male partners are a critical source of maternal re-infection. Contact tracing is a good way to identify infection among partners and reduce risk of mother-to-child transmission related to maternal re-infection. This study aimed to analyze the current situation and related factors of contact tracing of syphilis-seropositive pregnant women and syphilis-infection among their male partners. Method Data of syphilis-seropositive pregnant women and their male partners attending clinic for syphilis-screening were obtained from the Shenzhen Program for Prevention of Congenital Syphilis. Contact tracing rate of syphilis-seropositive pregnant women and syphilis prevalence among male partners were counted, and related factors were also analyzed using a random-effects logistic regression model. Result Of the 1299 syphilis-seropositive pregnant women, 74.1% (963/1299) had their male partners receiving syphilis-screening and 19.1% (184/963) of male partners were syphilis-infected. For pregnant women, being divorced (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.39; 95%CI: 0.17-0.87), seeking for emergency services at their first antenatal clinics visits (AOR=0.58; 95%CI: 0.44-0.77), reporting willingness to notify partner(AOR=7.65; 95%CI: 4.69-12.49), multi-partners (AOR= 1.38; 95%CI:1.03-1.86) and having a history of drug abuse (AOR=0.37; 95%CI: 0.14-1.00)were independently associated with successful contact tracing. For male partners, of minority ethnicity (AOR=4.15; 95%CI: 1.66-10.34), age of first sex>20(AOR=0.57; 95%CI: 0.37-0.87), reporting multi-partners (AOR = 1.60; 95%CI: 1.04-2.46), having a history of drug abuse (AOR=4.07; 95%CI: 1.31-12.64) were independently associated with syphilis-infection. In addition, pregnant women with TRUST titer ≥1:8 (AOR=2.81; 95%CI: 1.87-4.21), having a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes (AOR=1.70; 95%CI: 1.14-2.53), reporting multi-partners (AOR=0.43; 95%CI: 0.29-0.64) and reporting the current partner as the source of syphilis (AOR=5.05; 95%CI: 2.82-9.03) were independently associated with partners' syphilis-infection. Conclusion Contact tracing is feasible and effective in identifying syphilis-infected partners among syphilis-seropositive pregnant women. Contact tracing is associated with many factors such as women's marital status, services at their first antenatal clinics visit and willingness of partner notification. Partners' ethnicity, age of first sex, multi-partners and history of drug abuse as well as women's levels of TRUST titer were associated with partners' syphilis-infection.
Hidden blood loss and its possible risk factors in minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Zhou Yuanxing , Deng Jianlong , Fu Xin , Yang Ming , Zhang Yu , Chang Yvang , Xu Gang , Wang Bo , Li Zhonghai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Hidden blood loss (HBL) is still not well known or used in the setting of spine surgery. Elucidating absolute and relative amount of HBL is of great importance in order to avoid potential complications. Therefore, we evaluated HBL and its possible risk factors among patients undergoing minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) for lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods Between June 2018 and March 2019, 137 consecutive patients with lumbar degenerative disease, who underwent operation with MIS-TLIF technique were enrolled in this study. The patient’s demographic characteristics and blood loss related parameters were collected respectively. Pearson or Spearman correlations analysis were used to investigate an association between patient’s characteristics and HBL. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to confirmed independent risk factors of HBL. Results A total of 137 patients (86 males and 51 females, age range 19-78 years) were reviewed in our hospital. A substantial amount of HBL (488.4±294.0 ml, 52.5% of TBL) occurred after MIS-TLIF. Multivariate linear regression showed that the age, muscle thickness, The Patients’ Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, patient’s blood volume (PBV), total blood loss (TBL), postoperative(i.e., day 2 or 3) hematocrit (Hct), Hct loss, and fibrinogen level were independent risk factors for HBL (P1=0.000, P2=0.002, P3=0.006, P4=0.002, P5=0.003, P6=0.048, P7=0.004, P8=0.070). Conclusion A large amount of HBL was incurred in patients undergoing MIS-TLIF. More importantly, the age, muscle thickness, ASA classification, PBV, TBL, postoperative Hct, Hct loss, and fibrinogen level were independent risk factors for HBL in MIS-TLIF. HBL and its risk factors should be paid more attention to during perioperative period.
Transcriptome analysis reveals gene expression associated with fuzz fiber initiation regulated by high-temperature in Gossypium barbadense
Authors: Cheng Gongmin , Zhang Longyan , Wei Hengling , Wang Hantao , Lu Jianhua , Yu Shuxun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Gossypium barbadense L. is the most important renewable source of textile fiber. Cotton fiber cell initiation and elongation are often affected by various environmental stimulus, such as high temperature. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of temperature regulating the fuzz fiber initiation.Results: In the present study, phenotypic observation revealed that high temperature (HT) accelerated the fiber development, improved fiber quality and induced fuzz fiber initiation. It has been proved that the fuzz fiber initiation was inhibited by low temperature (LT), and 4 days post-anthesis (DPA) was the key stage for fuzz fiber initiation. Based on comparative transcriptome analysis, a total of 43,826 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 9,667 were involved in both fiber development and temperature response with 901 transcription factor genes and 189 genes related to plant hormone signal transduction. Further analysis of gene expression patterns revealed that 240 genes were involved in fuzz fiber initiation. Functional annotation revealed that the candidate genes related to fuzz initiation were significantly involved in asparagine biosynthetic process, cell wall biosynthesis and stress response. Furthermore, the expression trends of sixteen selected genes from the RNA-seq data were almost consistent with the results of qRT-PCR results.Conclusions: Our study revealed several potential candidate genes and pathways that related to fuzz fiber initiation induced by high-temperature and provided a new view of temperature-induced tissue and organ development in Gossypium barbadense.
Complement Component 3 (C3) Concentrations in Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Zipeng , Yuan Zi-Guo , Yang Anqun , Zhang Xiu-Xiang , Wang Xiaohu , Yu Miao , S.Mahmmod Yasser , Hernandez Jorge A , Ren Zhaowen , Zhang Xirui , Cong Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the serum complement component 3 “C3” level and the patients with different types of cancer. Our study finding would ultimately provide reliable scientific conclusions to guide clinical practice. Methods PubMed, Embase, The Chorane Library and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify all studies on serum C3 concentrations in cancer patients published as of September 2019. Additionally, we conducted a clinical study on serum C3 in lung cancer patients and healthy people. The levels of serum complement C3 in 84 lung cancer patients and 30 healthy people were examined by ELISA. We used standardized mean differences (SMD) to report the pooled estimation, and I² statistics were calculated to examine the heterogeneity. For pooling estimates, a fixed effect meta-analysis was conducted on our studies. Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data and conducted deviation risk assessment. Our Meta-analysis was performed using STATA software and Review Manager 5.3. Results The C3 levels of 83 lung cancer patients were 1.07 ± 0.34, and 30 healthy people were 0.95 ± 0.17 (the unit is g/l, keep two decimal places after the decimal point), and the p-value for t-test was 0.014 (<0.05). The overall C3 concentrations of cancer patients were significantly higher than the healthy control (SMD:0.30, 95%CI = 0.20 to 0.40 , p-value <0.00001). There was a certain degree of heterogeneity in the article, but it was acceptable (χ² = 31.89, p-value = 0.02, I²= 44%). Conclusions Concentration analysis and this meta-analysis revealed that the serum C3 concentrations in cancer patients are significantly higher than that of healthy people. Further well-designed, large-scale, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this conclusion. Keywords : Complement Component 3; Cancer Patients; Meta-Analysis
Endoscopic retrograde appendicography: an effective diagnostic method for acute appendicitis
Authors: Liu Bing-Rong , Xiao Ma , Ullah Saif , Song Ji-Tao , Kong Ling-Jian , Li De-Linag , Pan Chao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background and Aim: Appendicography had been used in the diagnosis of chronic appendicitis. To our knowledge, the role of endoscopic retrograde appendicography for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of endoscopic retrograde appendicography for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Patients and Method: Patients with suspected acute appendicitis between December 2013 and November 2015 at Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University underwent endoscopic retrograde appendicography. The findings and complication were analyzed retrospectively.Results: Thirty-three patients (20 men and 13 women, average age 44 ± 18 years) with suspected acute appendicitis were studied. Acute appendicitis was ruled out by normal endoscopic retrograde appendicography in 24% and confirmed in 69.6% (23). In 2 patients (8%) appendiceal orifice cannulation failed. Colonoscopic findings in acute appendicitis were mucosal hyperemia and edema of appendiceal orifice (83%), outpouring of pus from the appendiceal orifice (74%), and swollen cecal mucosa (61%). Appendicograpic findings were either normal or in acute disease showed diffuse lumenal dilation (diameter: 0.8 ± 0.4 mm), partial stenosis (43%), stiffness or inflexibility (87%) and filling defects (22%). There were no complications during or after follow-up for a median of 13 months (IQR: 9-24 months).Conclusions: Endoscopic retrograde appendicography appears to be a reliable and safe method to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and prevent unnecessary appendectomy.