bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core/Shell Quantum Dots Solar Cells
Authors: Selopal Gurpreet Singh , Zhao Haiguang , Wang Zhiming M. , Rosei Federico 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSemiconductor nanocrystals, the so‐called quantum dots (QDs), exhibit versatile optical and electrical properties. However, QDs possess high density of surface defects/traps due to the high surface‐to‐volume ratio, which act as nonradiative carrier recombination centers within the QDs, thereby deteriorating the overall solar cell performance. The surface passivation of QDs through the growth of an outer shell of different materials/compositions called “core/shell QDs” has proven to be an effective approach to reduce the surface defects and confinement potential, which can enable the broadening of the absorption spectrum, accelerate the carrier transfer, and reduce exciton recombination loss. Here, the recent research developments in the tailoring of the structure of core/shell QDs to tune exciton dynamics so as to improve solar cell performance are summarized. The role of band alignment of core and shell materials, core size, shell thickness/compositions, and interface engineering of core/thick shell called “giant” QDs on electron–hole spatial separation, carrier transport, and confinement potential, before and after grafting on the carrier scavengers (semiconductor/electrolyte), is described. Then, the solar cell performance based on core/shell QDs is introduced. Finally, an outlook for the rational design of core/shell QDs is provided, which can further promote the development of high‐efficiency and stable QD sensitized solar cells.
Cu–Cu2O Heterogeneous Architecture for the Enhanced CO Catalytic Oxidation
Authors: Ma Bo , Kong Chuncai , Lv Jian , Zhang Xiaojing , Yang Sen , Yang Tao , Yang Zhimao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHeterogeneous architecture of Cu2O‐based composite has exhibited beneficial effort in the CO oxidation, due to the low cost and the multiple oxidation states. In this work, Cu–Cu2O heterogeneous particles (HPs) comprising uniformly distributed Cu nanoparticles anchored on the Cu2O surface are synthesized by in situ reduction reaction. Comparing with the pure Cu2O particles, Cu–Cu2O HPs exhibit enhanced and stable catalytic performance during CO oxidation. Moreover, both the transformation of interface and the role of loaded Cu nanoparticle at a molecular level are investigated to analyze the promotion, suggesting that the surface of Cu–Cu2O HPs can be spontaneously oxidized to a composite interface during the CO oxidation. The density functional theory (DFT) simulations indicate that due to loaded Cu nanoparticles, the heterogeneous architecture promotes the catalytic reaction under both the Eley–Rideal mechanism as well as Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism. As a result, the composite interface and loaded Cu nanoparticles together play the synergistic effect of enhanced CO oxidation.
Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair versus open mesh plug repair for bilateral primary inguinal hernia
Authors: Takayama Yuichi , Kaneoka Yuji , Maeda Atsuyuki , Takahashi Takamasa , Uji Masahito 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimA few studies comparing laparoscopic and open techniques have reported that open repair with mesh is the optimal operation for unilateral primary hernia. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair (TAPP) versus open mesh plug repair (MP) for bilateral primary inguinal hernia.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 107 patients with bilateral primary inguinal hernia between January 2008 and December 2016. Of these patients, 49 underwent TAPP and 58 underwent MP. The surgical outcomes and the long‐term outcomes using a questionnaire were compared between TAPP and MP.ResultsIn the TAPP group, the operation time was significantly longer (103 vs 91 minutes; P = .019). The postoperative complication rate was not significantly different between the two groups. One patient (1.0%) in the TAPP group and five patients (4.3%) in the MP group suffered recurrence (P = .30). Postoperative groin pain was not significantly different (14% in the TAPP group vs 31% in the MP group; P = .065), but more patients required analgesics in the MP group (4.1% vs 17%; P = .036). The long‐term outcomes, according to a questionnaire, were not significantly different between the two groups. The median follow‐up period was 22 (range, 0.4‐52) months in the TAPP group and 40 (range, 0.5‐108) months in the MP group (P < .001).ConclusionTAPP for bilateral primary inguinal hernia achieved better results than MP relative to postoperative pain and the use of medication for pain relief without increasing the complication and recurrence rates.
Genotype‐phenotype correlation and molecular heterogeneity in pyruvate kinase deficiency
Authors: Bianchi Paola , Fermo Elisa , Lezon‐Geyda Kimberly , van Beers Eduard J. , Morton Holmes D. , Barcellini Wilma , Glader Bertil , Chonat Satheesh , Ravindranath Yaddanapudi , Newburger Peter E. , Kollmar Nina , Despotovic Jenny M. , Verhovsek Madeleine , Sharma Mukta , Kwiatkowski Janet L. , Kuo Kevin H. M. , Wlodarski Marcin W. , Yaish Hassan M. , Holzhauer Susanne , Wang Heng , Kunz Joachim , Addonizio Kathryn , Al‐Sayegh Hasan , London Wendy B. , Andres Oliver , van Wijk Richard , Gallagher Patrick G. , Grace Rachael F. F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency is a rare recessive congenital hemolytic anemia caused by mutations in the PKLR gene. This study reports the molecular features of 257 patients enrolled in the PKD Natural History Study. Of the 127 different pathogenic variants detected, 84 were missense and 43 non‐missense, including 20 stop‐gain, 11 affecting splicing, five large deletions, four in‐frame indels, and three promoter variants. Within the 177 unrelated patients, 35 were homozygous and 142 compound heterozygous (77 for two missense, 48 for one missense and one non‐missense, and 17 for two non‐missense variants); the two most frequent mutations were p.R510Q in 23% and p.R486W in 9% of mutated alleles. Fifty‐five (21%) patients were found to have at least one previously unreported variant with 45 newly described mutations. Patients with two non‐missense mutations had lower hemoglobin levels, higher numbers of lifetime transfusions, and higher rates of complications including iron overload, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and pulmonary hypertension. Rare severe complications, including lower extremity ulcerations and hepatic failure, were seen more frequently in patients with non‐missense mutations or with missense mutations characterized by severe protein instability. The PKLR genotype did not correlate with the frequency of complications in utero or in the newborn period. With ICCs ranging from 0.4 to 0.61, about the same degree of clinical similarity exists within siblings as it does between siblings, in terms of hemoglobin, total bilirubin, splenectomy status, and cholecystectomy status. Pregnancy outcomes were similar across genotypes in PK deficient women. This report confirms the wide genetic heterogeneity of PK deficiency.
Chiral Spirocyclic Phosphoric Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 4‐Alkyl‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐one Derivatives by Asymmetric Biginelli Reactions
Authors: Guo Yongbiao , Gao Zhenhua , Wang Kang , Li Junchen , Bi Xiaojing , Guo Lei , Liu Haibo , Shi Enxue , Xiao Junhua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA chiral spirocyclic phosphoric acid‐catalyzed asymmetric Biginelli reaction based on aliphatic aldehydes has been realized for the synthesis of biologically important and synthetically useful 4‐alkyl‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2‐(1H)‐one (4‐alkyl−DHPM) skeletons in good yield and with high levels of enantioinduction. The utility of this transformation was further demonstrated by direct thionation and C−C/C−N bond construction to provide a series of 4‐alkyl−DHPMs derivatives without any loss of optical activity, providing streamlined access to the formal synthesis of Batzelladine A.
Development of a noble aluminum‐pigmented metallic polymer: Recommendations for visible flow and weld line mitigation
Authors: Lim Jung Seop , Ban Soo Hyung , Kim Dong Sup , Kwon Kwang Yeol , Lee Sang Hoon , Lim Jong Kwan , Cho Sung Hwan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe investigated the appearance of flow and weld lines when metallic pigments are used in polymer blends and how such lines can be eliminated by improving the pigment particle shape and optimizing pigment loading. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer and two types of aluminum flakes, lamellar and three‐dimensional (3D), were blended in a twin‐screw extruder with a screw diameter of 25 mm. The temperatures from the hopper to the nozzle were 140, 180, 220, 220, 220, 220, and 220°C. Weld and flow lines were observed using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy of specially manufactured injection specimens. In the flow line region, traditional lamellar flakes were randomly oriented, while 3D flakes exhibited a distinct and stable orientation. Based on these observations, flow and weld lines in a finished metal/polymer blend can be minimized by using 3D metal particles in place of lamellar flakes. We also investigated the effects of aluminum flake loading on weld and flow line visibility. At low loading, weld lines were clearly visible due to the lack of pigmentation in the front of the polymer flow. Conversely, high loading resulted in relatively high concentrations of pigment near the weld line area, reducing weld line visibility. These findings suggest that there is an optimum metal loading level where the visibility of flow and weld lines is minimized.
Solution‐blow spun PLA/SiO2 nanofiber membranes toward high efficiency oil/water separation
Authors: Ye Beirong , Jia Chao , Li Ziwei , Li Lei , Zhao Qiang , Wang Jinshu , Wu Hui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWith the ever frequent of industrial organic solvent emissions and oil spillages, the development of high efficiency oil/water separation materials has attracted extensive attention. Here, PLA‐based nanofiber membranes modified with metal oxides (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, and CeO2) are fabricated through blow spinning the mixed solution of polylactic acid (PLA) and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs). Results shows that the addition of SiO2 NPs significantly increases the hydrophobicity of the membranes, while maintaining the excellent superoleophilicity. The PLA/SiO2 nanofiber membranes demonstrate a higher separation performance than pure PLA, PLA/TiO2, PLA/Al2O3, and PLA/CeO2 nanofiber membranes with high separation efficiency (~100%) and permeation flux (17,800 L m−2 h−1 for n‐heptane), as well as prominent oil adsorption capacity (19.9 g/g for n‐hexane). The successful fabrication of metal oxides modified PLA nanofiber membranes with high separation and adsorption ability, and excellent durability hold great application potential in the field of oily wastewater treatment.
Investigations on the internal curing process and mechanical properties of winding composite considering the structure of plant fiber
Authors: Liu Meijun , Xu Jiazhong , Fu Tianyu , Yang Hai , Cheng Haitao , Wang Ge 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, the equivalent heat conduction model and internal curing process optimization model of the composite material based on the cavity and twisting structure of the plant fiber were established. Also, the effects of temperature, the volume fraction of the plant fiber cavity and twist on the temperature field, curing degree, and curing deformation during the internal curing process of the jute fiber winding composite pipe were analyzed. The accuracy of process simulation was verified by the internal curing experiment based on electromagnetic heating and was combined with using the microstructure test and tensile strength test of the NOL ring. However, in the case of twisted fiber, an extreme effect on the mechanical properties of the composite was noted.
LINC00961 inhibits the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells by sponging miR‐223‐3p and targeting SOX11
Authors: Wu Haixia , Dai Yuedi , Zhang Dexiang , Zhang Xiaoyu , He Zhiyun , Xie Xiaojun , Cai Chudong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs play essential roles in colon cancer tumorigenesis. This study aimed to explore the potential function and molecular mechanisms of LINC00961 in colon cancer. qPCR results showed that LINC00961 was downregulated in colon cancer cells and tissues. Functional assays demonstrated that LINC00961 suppressed the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells in vitro. LINC00961 functioned as an endogenous sponge for miR‐223‐3p in colon cancer cells. SOX11 was confirmed as a target gene of miR‐223‐3p. The effect of miR‐223‐3p on colon cancer cells was then investigated. MiR‐223‐3p inhibition enhanced their migration and invasion. The effect of SOX11 on colon cancer cells was studied. SOX11 overexpression inhibited the invasion of colon cancer cells. LINC00961 acted as an anti‐oncogene and upregulated SOX11 expression by functioning as a miR‐223‐3p sponge. This research revealed the molecular mechanism of LINC00961 in colon cancer. LINC00961 might act as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for further clinical treatments.
Localized bullous pemphigoid: Four clinical cases and a literature review
Authors: Algoet Chloe , Mostinckx Sabine , Theate Ivan , Vanhooteghem Olivier 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLocalized bullous pemphigoid (LBP) rarely evolves into the generalized form, and the prognosis is better. In our opinion, the occurrence of LBP is underestimated because of incorrect diagnoses. It is therefore important to perform a skin biopsy each time a bullous rash is concerned in order to make a definite diagnosis.
Surgical treatment of peroneal calcific tendinitis in an uncommon localization: A case report
Authors: Taha Anas , Adamonis Saulius , Taha‐Mehlitz Stephanie , Maurer Andreas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCalcific tendinitis is a common pathology in the shoulder but is uncommon in the peroneus longus tendon, which is considered when patient presents with a palpable tenderness without signs of inflammation. Differential diagnosis is important, as the condition is often overlooked. Conservative treatment has proven successful, though surgery might be an alternative.
Facile Synthesis of Nanoporous Transition Metal‐Based Phosphates for Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Bhanja Piyali , Kim Yena , Paul Bappi , Lin Jianjian , Alshehri Saad M. , Ahamad Tansir , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Bhaumik Asim , Yamauchi Yusuke 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDue to unique structural porosity, low‐cost, and good catalytic activity, oxygen evolution reactions over 3d transition elements have gained immense attention in recent years. Herein, we report the fabrication of three different metal phosphates, e. g. Co‐phosphate (CoPO), Ni‐phosphate (NiPO), and Ni−Co‐phosphate (NiCoPO) using the corresponding metal sources and phosphoric acid as a phosphorus source under hydrothermal conditions without using any structure‐directing agent. Since the as‐prepared metal‐based phosphates exhibit high surface area with good interparticle porosity and contain transition metals in the material frameworks, these materials have been investigated for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Among the three metal phosphates, the as‐synthesized CoPO catalyst shows efficient electrocatalytic activity toward OER, with an overpotential of 350 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 M KOH solution and a relatively low Tafel slope of 60.7 mV dec−1. The good electrocatalytic performance of CoPO is attributed to its higher specific surface area and pore volume compared to other two catalysts. The CoPO‐modified electrode also shows a high stability up to 15 h at a constant potential of 1.58 V, suggesting its promising future for OER catalysis.
Photoelectrochemical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide on Hematite
Authors: Saada Hiba , Abdallah Rawa , Bergamini Jean‐François , Fryars Stéphanie , Dorcet Vincent , Joanny Loic , Gouttefangeas Francis , Ollivier Sophie , Loget Gabriel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDue to its abundance and chemical stability, hematite (α‐Fe2O3) is a promising n‐type semiconductor photoelectrode. This is particularly true in the frame of the rapidly developing area of photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing, where the short excited‐state lifetime and the small carrier diffusion length of hematite can be beneficially employed. On the other hand, H2O2 is an essential molecule for biological, environmental and industrial applications. In this article, we report a simple method to prepare photoelectroactive hematite layers on fluorine‐doped SnO2 (FTO) and we use these surfaces for H2O2 PEC sensing. The so‐created sensors allow to reliably detect H2O2 down to a sub‐μM concentration with a large linear range and a good reusability.
Quantification of the Interaction of SmI2 with Substrates and Ligands
Authors: De Suranjan , Gottlieb Hugo E. , Hoz Shmaryahu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe method developed and introduced here enables for the first time (to the authors’ knowledge), a quantitative assessment of the interaction of SmI2 with substrates prior to the electron transfer stage. As a proof of concept, equilibrium constants for some model substrates including carbonyl compounds and aromatic nuclei are reported here. In addition, the first equilibrium constants with some common ligands were also determined. The equilibrium constants range from approximately 0.07 m−1 for diisopropyl ketone to 2500 m−1 for hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA). It is shown that the data acquired by this method, which is based on the concept of shift reagents, can shed light on the most intimate details of the reaction mechanism, and this method is a useful tool for planning a synthetic process.
Alkylation of γ‐Azaproline Creates Conformationally Adaptable Proline Derivatives for pH‐Responsive Collagen Triple Helices
Authors: Aronoff Matthew R. , Egli Jasmine , Schmitt Adeline , Wennemers Helma 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCγ‐substituted proline derivatives are valuable tools for developing functionalized collagen peptides for biological and materials investigations, yet the stereochemistry at Cγ can produce undesired steric or stereoelectronic constraints. Alkylated γ‐azaproline (γ‐azPro) derivatives are proline mimetics that lack a stereogenic center at the γ‐position of the ring and can thus utilize the invertibility of nitrogen to adapt their conformation. NMR spectroscopic analyses and DFT calculations highlighted how alkylated γ‐azPro derivatives are conformationally dynamic and adopt conformational preferences through ring pucker flip along with nitrogen inversion. Lastly, incorporation of alkylated γ‐azPro into collagen peptides produced functionalized pH‐responsive triple helices with similar thermal stabilities, regardless of their placement in the Xaa or Yaa position within the characteristic Xaa‐Yaa‐Gly repeating unit of collagen peptides.
Implementation and assessment of an extended hydrogenic molecular model in UEDGE
Authors: Holm A. , Rognlien T.D. , Meyer W.H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTwo sets of pure deuterium plasmas are simulated using UEDGE, one including atoms and molecules and the other including atoms only as separate fluid species. Simulation results in one and two dimensions are reported to assess the role of molecules in tokamak plasmas. It is shown that thermal coupling of the molecules to the plasma can be relevant for the onset of detachment under highly collisional conditions in simple geometries, but play a modest role at low collisionality. Ion‐molecule equipartition presents an additional ion energy loss channel, dissipating ion energy that would otherwise heat the electrons by equipartition. The resulting reduced electron temperature increases the ion‐electron recombination by an order of magnitude as the plasma density is increased, yielding earlier and deeper detachment.
Pediatric neuroblastic tumors: A critical evaluation of cytomorphological features for risk stratification on aspiration cytology
Authors: Behera Gayatri , Chhabra Gaurav , Mishra Pritinanda , Sable Mukund 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastic tumor (NT) is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood with variable outcome which again depends on risk stratification related to distinct biology of the tumor. The use of fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) material for evaluation of cytomorphological parameters and risk stratification in NTs using cytology prognostic score (PS) is limited in routine practice.MethodsWe reviewed 38 FNA cytology cases diagnosed as pediatric small round cell tumor between time period June 2017 to December 2019 for clinical, cytomorphological and immunohistochemical features.ResultsTen out of 38 small round cell tumors were NTs. All 10 cases were further subclassified according to International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification into undifferentiated neuroblastoma (n = 1), poorly differentiated neuroblastoma (n = 5), differentiating neuroblastoma (n = 2), and ganglioneuroblastoma (n = 2). Cytologic PS was done using the morphological criteria as described previously in literature. The patients were divided into favorable and unfavorable cytomorphological prognostic categories with a cut off scoring of 12. A score of more than 12 is associated with high risk morphology and advanced stage. All cases with PS > 12 (n‐4) (unfavorable cytomorphology) had a poor outcome compared to six patients with PS < 12 (n‐6) (favorable cytomorphology).ConclusionAspiration cytology can be used as a first line investigation to evaluate the cytomorphological features for risk stratification and diagnosis in patients with NTs using cytological prognostic scoring system. A larger multi‐centric validation study necessitates for cytological risk stratification.
Association of ELMO1 gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy among Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Bayoumy Nervana M. K. , El‐Shabrawi Mohamed M. , Leheta Ola F. , Abo El‐Ela Alaa El‐Din M. , Omar Hamdy H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end stage renal failure or even death among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Genetic predisposition is widely studied among these patients to identify manageable aspects of the disease pathogenesis. This study was carried out to test the association of engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1) gene polymorphism with DN among Egyptians. ELMO1 is required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility.MethodsThis case‐control study was conducted on type 2 diabetic patients who attended Suez Canal University Hospital, Egypt, between November 2016 and October 2017. Peripheral blood was collected from 200 diabetic patients (without nephropathy), 200 patients with DN, and 100 healthy controls for DNA extraction. The single nucleotide polymorphism of ELMO1 (rs741301) was genotyped using real‐time polymerase chain reaction and the allele discrimination technique.ResultsGG genotype was significantly associated with DN (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4‐5.3) (P = .016). The OR for the high‐risk allele (G) was 1.9 with 95% CI from 1.5 to 2.9 (P < .001).ConclusionELMO1 gene (rs741301) polymorphism is a candidate variant in the predisposition to DN.