bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standard bank: exploring opportunities to make Côte d’Ivoire ‘home’
Authors: Ghazzawi Issam , Urban Angie , Horne Renee , Beswick Claire 
Published: September 2020

Learning outcomes
After completion of this case, students will be able to: define and understand the external and internal components of the strategic management process; define and explain various alternative strategies that help companies create a sustainable competitive advantage; understand and explain the five main choices of entry mode that are available to organisations when considering entry into a foreign market, suggest an entry mode that is relevant to Standard Bank and explain the pros and cons of each entry mode; and understand how a company can offer or phase in its service offerings.

Case overview/synopsis
This case situates Sola David-Borha, CEO for the Africa Region at the Standard Bank Group, in April 2018, considering whether and how to expand into personal and business banking in Cote d’Ivoire – a country that Standard Bank had just re-entered, having exited there in 2003 because of the civil war. The bank has operations in 20 sub-Saharan African countries and its growth strategy is focussed on Africa. This strategy is reflected in its slogan: “Africa is our home. We drive her growth”. David-Borha has a number of questions on her mind. These include: can the bank offer financial services that will meet the needs of the Ivorian people, how can the bank expand into personal a business banking – indeed is rapid expansion into this sector the right decision for now?

Complexity academic level
Advanced/graduate courses in strategic management and international business.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 5: International business.
The experience of social reporting in Italian judicial offices. The laboratory of the public prosecutor’s office in Naples
Authors: Ricci Paolo , Pavone Pietro 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe paper aims to reach a better understanding of accountability and social reporting in the Italian justice system, by examining the state of the art of both literature and practice. The case study highlights the critical elements in drawing up the social report of one of the most important Prosecutor Offices in Italy.Design/methodology/approachThe case study analyzes the activities of the actors involved in the report building process by detailing all the steps involved in a research diary, in order to examine such process from the inside, thus reversing its perspective.FindingsThe study shows that both the lack of guidelines for judicial administrations and a consolidated trend of transforming administrative facts into documents useful to stakeholders slow down the evolution of practices, which are stuck in a perpetual trial stage.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations are mainly related to the adoption of a single case study, which does not include any comparison with other reporting experiences in the justice sector.Originality/valueThis paper adds evidence to the theoretical debate on social reporting in the justice sector which has so far received the attention of a limited number of scholars. Furthermore, unlike other studies focusing exclusively on the final report while overlooking the process that turns input into output, this research deals with the core of the social reporting process and practices in their development, capturing their most intimate and controversial aspects from the inside.
How ambidextrous social networking service users balance different social capital benefits: an evidence from WeChat
Authors: Zheng Daqing , Huang Lin , Kim Ki Joon 
Published: September 2020

PurposeSocial networking services (SNSs) have been praised for their social capital (SC) benefits. However, the time displacement hypothesis in Internet research may challenge such an optimistic view. In response to this challenge, this study aimed to develop a theoretical model that uncovers the transformation, rather than displacement among online and offline SC in terms of bonding and bridging types during SNSs use.Design/methodology/approachThe concept of SC was divided into the following four types: offline bonding, online bonding, offline bridging and online bridging. A theoretical model grounded in individual ambidexterity theory was developed that uncovered the transformation among these types of SC, and it was tested a sample of WeChat users in China. Furthermore, the theoretical model included the concept of cognitive ambidexterity, which promotes transformation.FindingsAs an exploitation process, offline bonding SC mediated the relationship between SNSs use and online bonding SC. As an exploration process, online bridging SC mediated the association between SNSs use and offline bridging SC. In addition, cognitive ambidexterity moderated the exploration and exploitation processes positively.Originality/valueThis study demonstrated that SNSs users strategically and successfully manage SC benefits through exploitation and exploration processes, and ambidextrous individuals can do this more effectively. Accordingly, this study proposed the transformation hypothesis in the SNSs context.
Success factors for hackathons: German banks collaborate to tame the economic crisis
Authors: Feldmann Anna , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the banking industry and its hackathon formats, which have been created by various banking groups. Other industries can learn from these findings and adopt best practice solutions.

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-case study was conducted with three hackathon formats (Collabothon, GENOhackathon and Symbioticon) from the banking sector in which qualitative interviews with members of the organization team were held and used to summarize the differences and similarities of hackathon formats in the banking industry.

Findings
A model was developed to demonstrate how the different hackathon formats in banking overlap and what differences exist.

Originality/value
This study used a cross-case analysis to summarize differences and similarities of hackathon formats in the banking industry in Germany.
Economic role of education in agriculture: evidence from rural Vietnam
Authors: Ninh Le Khuong 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper investigates the impact of education on output of rice farming households in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachGiven the literature review, this paper specifies three empirical models (i.e. linear constant coefficient model, partially nonlinear model and linear varied coefficient model) with variables that well describe the mechanism through which education affects output. The data were collected from 901 rice farming households randomly selected out of ten provinces and city in the Mekong River Delta (MRD) of Vietnam. The models are estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) and Robinson's (1988) double residual estimators.FindingsEstimates of the empirical models show that seed, fertilizer, labor and farm size have significant impacts on output of rice farming households while pesticide and herbicide do not. Education is also found to have a positive effect on output of rice farming households because it helps them better manage farms of larger size via combining various inputs in a more desirable way.Originality/valueThis paper confirms the positive impact of education on agricultural output, which implies that policies aiming to provide better education to rural people will greatly enhance their income as well as trigger long-term economic and agricultural growth.
How do self-initiated expatriates fit into the Japanese traditional HR system? A call for institutional change to achieve mutual understanding
Authors: Yorozu Chie 
Published: September 2020

PurposeJapan has recently opened its doors to welcome them in order to reduce the labour shortage in the domestic market. Peltokorpi and Froese (2009) indicated that Japan has a challenging workplace and system for foreigners. It is clear that Japanese firms have not really been ready to take on self-initiated expatriates in spite of their rapid acceptance of them. This research, therefore aims to explore how international labourers have worked in Japan and how well they have really been fitted into the unique Japanese work environment, especially its HR system.Design/methodology/approachThis research examined the issues from the both angle of Japanese firms and from the point of view of international labour through interview-based qualitative research method. The author analysed both data gained from 16 Japanese staff members including human resource management staff members of leading Japanese firms and 40 international workers. The data were analysed through ethnographical investigations of the current situation between Japanese firms and international labour. There has still been a lack of studies using interview-based qualitative method as introduced under the literature reviews.FindingsAlthough the issues occurring in the UK and US as regards pay and discrimination from local workers (e.g. Baruch et al., 2013) seem not to be shared by international workers in Japanese firms, other unique issues have arisen under the traditional HR system. There is a gap between Japanese firms' expectations and international labour' expectations; the former expects the latter to stay for the long term, while the latter prefers variety of job experiences in order to quickly develop skills. Under the traditional Japanese HR system, both sides seem to suffer if they work together for long.Originality/valueThe relationship between international labour in Japan and Japanese firms has been examined. Such both angles brought about expectation gap between both sides as mentioned above. While Japanese staff members have enjoyed the benefits of the secure HR system (Dore, 2000), self-initiated expatriates do not necessarily need these benefits.
The impact of time pressure on knowledge transfer effectiveness in teams: trust as a critical but fragile mediator
Authors: Bjorvatn Torbjørn , Wald Andreas 
Published: September 2020

PurposeWith faster innovation and shorter product cycles, time pressure is a highly relevant factor affecting contemporary business processes. This study aims to extend prior research on the effects of velocity at the firm level by considering the effect of time pressure on knowledge transfer effectiveness (KTE) on the team level and the role of trust as a mediator of this effect.Design/methodology/approachWe empirically assess the impact of time pressure on knowledge transfer effectiveness in teams. Further, we test the mediating effect of trust on this relationship. We study a sample of 285 project teams applying partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe authors find that time pressure is negatively associated with KTE. Moreover, trust among team members has a complementary mediating effect on this relationship. Thus, while trust is urgently needed for enhancing KTE under time pressure, time pressure reduces trust-building too.Research limitations/implicationsThis study establishes empirically the importance of time pressure and trust as drivers of KTE in teams. The contribution connects the field of knowledge management to important streams in the wider business literature: organization studies, management, strategic management, project management, innovation etc. Whereas the model is parsimonious, it has high explanatory power and high generalizability to other contexts.Practical implicationsTeam managers should take care to allow enough time for knowledge transfer within the team. This is particularly important when knowledge sharing is central, e.g. in innovation, development and change processes. If this is not possible, measures should be taken to maintain trust among team members.Social implicationsEffective knowledge management enhances the performance of business entities and public-sector organizations alike. Today, both the private and public sectors are under considerable pressure to increase both efficiency and effectiveness. Effective knowledge transfer within teams is a core capability to achieve this goal. More effective organizations result in more competitive private firms, more employment opportunities and improved public services to citizens.Originality/valueTime pressure is an increasingly relevant factor in contemporary business but so far little explored in research. This study extends current knowledge by considering the effect of time pressure on KTE.
After‐hours emergency department care: Does time or day of arrival affect survival?
Authors: Rolls David A , Khanna Sankalp , Boyle Justin , Xie Yang , Good Norm , Romeo Michelle , Bell Anthony 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether after‐hours presentation to EDs is associated with differences in 7‐day and 30‐day mortality. The influence of patient case‐mix and workforce staffing differences are also explored.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study of 3.7 million ED episodes across 30 public hospitals in Queensland, Australia during May 2013–September 2015 using routinely collected hospital data linked to hospital staffing data and the death registry. Episodes were categorised as within/after‐hours using time of presentation. Staffing was derived from payroll records and explored by defining 11 staffing ratios.ResultsWeekend presentation was slightly more associated (7‐day mortality odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.10) or no more associated (30‐day mortality odds ratio 1.01, 95% CI 0.98–1.03) with death than weekday presentation. When weeknights are included in the ‘after‐hours’ period, odds ratios are smaller, so that after‐hours presentation is no more associated (7‐day mortality odds ratio 1.03, 95% CI 0.99–1.08) or less associated (30‐day mortality odds ratio 0.95, 95% CI 0.93–0.97) with death. No significant after‐hours patient case‐mix differences were observed between weekday and weekend presentations for 7‐day mortality. In other combinations of outcome and after‐hours definition, some differences (especially measures relating to severity of presenting condition) were found. Staffing ratios were not strongly associated with any within/after‐hours differences in ED mortality.ConclusionsAfter‐hours presentation on the weekend to an ED is associated with higher 7‐day mortality even after controlling for case‐mix.
Unraveling subcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma: An association between subcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, and familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: LeBlanc Robert E. , Lansigan Frederick 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGermline HAVCR2 mutations, recently identified in a large subset of patients with subcutaneous panniculitis‐like T‐cell lymphoma (SPTCL), are associated with an increased risk of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Discovery of this heritable HLH/SPTCL diathesis has expanded our understanding of a rare and molecularly heterogeneous lymphoma. Furthermore, patients with SPTCL have excellent survival unless they develop HLH. Therefore, through compiling data on SPTCL‐related conditions that predispose patients to HLH, we are better able to predict which patients with SPTCL have the greatest risk of mortality. We present the first case of SPTCL with concomitant HLH and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) in a patient who was subsequently diagnosed with familial HLH (F‐HLH) attributable to a germline STXBP2 splice‐site mutation. She had wild‐type HAVCR2. Reports including ours show how SPTCL can evolve in the setting of an exaggerated host inflammatory response attributable to a variety of unusual underlying etiologies.
Belowground impacts of alpine woody encroachment are determined by plant traits, local climate, and soil conditions
Authors: Collins Courtney G. , Spasojevic Marko J. , Alados Concepción L. , Aronson Emma L. , Benavides Juan C. , Cannone Nicoletta , Caviezel Chatrina , Grau Oriol , Guo Hui , Kudo Gaku , Kuhn Nikolas J. , Müllerová Jana , Phillips Michala L. , Pombubpa Nuttapon , Reverchon Frédérique , Shulman Hannah B. , Stajich Jason E. , Stokes Alexia , Weber Sören E. , Diez Jeffrey M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlobal climate and land use change are causing woody plant encroachment in arctic, alpine, and arid/semi‐arid ecosystems around the world, yet our understanding of the belowground impacts of this phenomenon is limited. We conducted a globally distributed field study of 13 alpine sites across four continents undergoing woody plant encroachment and sampled soils from both woody encroached and nearby herbaceous plant community types. We found that woody plant encroachment influenced soil microbial richness and community composition across sites based on multiple factors including woody plant traits, site level climate, and abiotic soil conditions. In particular, root symbiont type was a key determinant of belowground effects, as Nitrogen‐fixing woody plants had higher soil fungal richness, while Ecto/Ericoid mycorrhizal species had higher soil bacterial richness and symbiont types had distinct soil microbial community composition. Woody plant leaf traits indirectly influenced soil microbes through their impact on soil abiotic conditions, primarily soil pH and C:N ratios. Finally, site‐level climate affected the overall magnitude and direction of woody plant influence, as soil fungal and bacterial richness were either higher or lower in woody encroached versus herbaceous soils depending on mean annual temperature and precipitation. All together, these results document global impacts of woody plant encroachment on soil microbial communities, but highlight that multiple biotic and abiotic pathways must be considered to scale up globally from site‐ and species‐level patterns. Considering both the aboveground and belowground effects of woody encroachment will be critical to predict future changes in alpine ecosystem structure and function and subsequent feedbacks to the global climate system.
Biological behaviour of primary osteosarcoma of the digits, metacarpal and metatarsal bones in dogs
Authors: Tremolada Giovanni , Thamm Douglas H. , Milovancev Milan , Seguin Bernard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OSA) arising from the digits, metatarsal and metacarpal bones is rare and may carry a better prognosis compared with other locations. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the biological behaviour, the progression free interval (PFI), the survival time (ST) and evaluate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy for OSA affecting these bones. Medical records from two academic institutions were reviewed and 15 cases were included. Descriptive statistics were used for signalment and history. For estimation of median PFI and median ST, the Kaplan‐Meier method was utilized. The prognostic effect of chemotherapy, lymphocyte and monocyte count was investigated. Log‐rank analysis was used to compare PFI and ST between groups. The overall median PFI and median ST were 377 and 687 days, respectively. No significant differences were noted for any of the variables evaluated. In this study, dogs affected by OSA of digits, metacarpal and metatarsal bones appear to have a longer ST compared with dogs with OSA of other appendicular locations. A study with a larger number of patients is needed to confirm these results and investigate the potential benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy.
The Effect of Porosity on Elastic Stability of Toroidal Shell Segments Made of Saturated Porous Functionally Graded Materials
Authors: Babaei Hadi , Jabbari Mohsen , Eslami M. Reza 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This research deals with the stability analysis of shallow segments of the toroidal shell made of saturated porous functionally graded (FG) material. The nonhomogeneous material properties of porous shell are assumed to be functionally graded as a function of the thickness and porosity parameters. The porous toroidal shell segments with positive and negative Gaussian curvatures and nonuniform distributed porosity are considered. The nonlinear equilibrium equations of the porous shell are derived via the total potential energy of the system. The governing equations are obtained on the basis of classical thin shell theory and the assumptions of Biot's poroelasticity theory. The equations are a set of the coupled partial differential equations. The analytical method including the Airy stress function is used to solve the stability equations of porous shell under mechanical loads in three cases. Porous toroidal shell segments subjected to lateral pressure, axial compression, and hydrostatic pressure loads are analytically analyzed. Closed-form solutions are expressed for the elastic buckling behavior of the convex and concave porous toroidal shell segments. The effects of porosity distribution and geometrical parameters of the shell on the critical buckling loads of porous toroidal shell segments are studied.
Data-Driven Heuristic Induction From Human Design Behavior
Authors: Puentes Lucas , Cagan Jonathan , McComb Christopher 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Through experience, designers develop guiding principles, or heuristics, to aid decision-making in familiar design domains. Generalized versions of common design heuristics have been identified across multiple domains and applied by novices to design problems. Previous work leveraged a sample of these common heuristics to assist in an agent-based design process, which typically lacks heuristics. These predefined heuristics were translated into sequences of specifically applied design changes that followed the theme of the heuristic. To overcome the upfront burden, need for human interpretation, and lack of generality of this manual process, this paper presents a methodology that induces frequent heuristic sequences from an existing timeseries design change dataset. Individual induced sequences are then algorithmically grouped based on similarity to form groups that each represent a shared general heuristic. The heuristic induction methodology is applied to data from two human design studies in different design domains. The first dataset, collected from a truss design task, finds a highly similar set of general heuristics used by human designers to that which was hand-selected for the previous computational agent study. The second dataset, collected from a cooling system design problem, demonstrates further applicability and generality of the heuristic induction process. Through this heuristic induction technique, designers working in a specified domain can learn from others’ prior problem-solving strategies and use these strategies in their own future design problems.