bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil Percentage and Neutrophil-to-Monocyte Ratio as Independent Risk Factors in the Severity of COVID-19
Authors: Peng Fei , Lei Si , Wu Chenfang , Yu Bo , Zhong Yanjun , Wu Shangjie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundInflammation plays an important role in progression of the various viral pneumonia containing COVID-19, severe inflammatory responses could lead to an imbalance of immune response. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of the white blood count, neutrophil percentage, neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (NMR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) at admission to reflect the clinical severity in patients with COVID‐19.MethodsClinical and laboratory data of adult COVID-19 patients in Changsha, China, were collected and analyzed on admission. A logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the association between the disease severity and related risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to analyze the abilities of potential risk factors in the prediction of COVID-19 severity.ResultsCompared with non-severe patients, the severe ones had significantly higher levels of neutrophil percentage (74.9% vs. 62.1%; P < 0.001), NLR (4.1 vs. 2.1; P < 0.001) and NMR (12.4 vs. 8.0; P < 0.001). A regression analysis showed that neutrophil percentage (OR,1.113; 95% CI, 1.020-1.213; P=0.016) and NMR (OR, 1.110; 95% CI, 1.002-1.230; P = 0.046) were significantly associated with severity of COVID-19 patients. ROC curve showed that the area under the curves of neutrophil percentage, NMR and the combination of them were 0.842 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.782-0.902), 0.790 (95% CI, 0.710-0.871) and 0.851 (95% CI, 0.790-0.911), respectively.ConclusionsNeutrophil percentage and NMR may act as independent risk factors in the severity of COVID-19.
HDAC2 Inhibits EMT-Mediated Cancer Metastasis by Downregulating the Long Noncoding RNA H19 in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Hu Xue-ting , Xing Wei , Zhao Rong-sen , Tan Yan , Wu Xiao-feng , Ao Xiang , Ao Luo-quan , Li Zhan , Yao Meng-wei , Yuan Mu , Guo Wei , Li Sheng-ze , Yu Jian , Xu Xiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical step for cancer metastasis, which is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. The role of HDACs-mediated deacytelation remains unclear in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Here, we revealed the biological role and underlying mechanism of histone deacetylase2 (HDAC2) in EMT-mediated CRC metastasis. Methods: The expression of HDACs in CRC was analyzed using the public database Oncomine and TCGA, human colorectal tumor primary sites and paired metastatic tissues, high or low metastatic CRC cell lines (DLD1, HCT116, SW480 and SW620). Microarray analysis was used to detect the gene expression changes in HDAC2 knock out CRC cells. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were determined using western blot and immunofluorescence. CRC cell metastasis was assessed by transwell assay. To study the underlying mechanism of HDAC2 in EMT-mediated CRC metastasis, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation, promoter activity, co-immunoprecipitation and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assays through using CRC cells and specific siRNAs targeting H19, SP1 and MMP14. Finally, CRC metastasis in vivo was performed using a tail vain injection model. Results: Our data showed that the expression of HDAC2 was reduced in CRC metastatic tissues and and low HDAC2 expression predicted a poor clinical prognosis in CRC patients. HDAC2 deletion or knock down in CRC cells induced EMT and metastasis by upregulating the long noncoding RNA H19 (LncRNA H19). HDAC2 decreased histone H3K27 acetylation at the promoter of LncRNA H19 and its expression via a SP1-dependent mechanism. LncRNA H19 functioned as a miR-22-3P sponge to increase the expression of MMP14. Finally, using a tail vain injection model, we showed the HDAC2 loss strongly induces lung metastasis, which is suppressed by LncRNA H19 knockdown. Conclusion: Our study proved that HDAC2 is a negative regulator of EMT-mediated CRC metastasis through regulating H19 and MMP14 expression.
Healthcare Seeking Behaviour of Pregnant Women in rural Amhara, Ethiopia: Perception of Healthcare Providers
Authors: Shiferie Fisseha , Berhane Yemane , Workneh Firehiwot 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Healthcare services utilization by pregnant women helps to improve the health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and even after delivery. Various literatures show the strong association between women’s utilization of antenatal care services and factors such as urban residence, partners’ educational status, quality and cost of services, health beliefs, exposure to mass media, family income and service accessibility.
Methods

The study was conducted in South Gondar and West Gojjam zones in Amhara region of Ethiopia. A qualitative research design using in-depth interviews was employed to explore perceptions and experiences of healthcare providers with healthcare seeking behaviour of pregnant women. Tape recordings were transcribed verbatim in Amharic (the local language in the study area) and translated back to English. Transcripts were coded and data was analyzed manually using thematic content analysis approach.
Results

Pregnant women were found to have a good relationship with healthcare providers. In spite of their good relationship with healthcare providers, pregnant women were not using healthcare services per Ministry of Health recommendation. Although counseling was part of the routine antenatal care service, food taboos, those foods which are strictly forbidden for health, cultural, and religious reasons, has affected women from getting the recommended nutritional requirements during pregnancy. According to the data generated from this study, screening for routine laboratory services such as sexually transmitted infections and Urinary tract infections was performed in health centers. This study has also revealed that women preferred individual antenatal care service over group antenatal care or any form of gatherings like monthly conferences.
Conclusion

The trust built between healthcare providers and pregnant women has impacted the healthcare seeking behaviour of women positively. Healthcare seeking behaviour of women during pregnancy, birth and postpartum was highly influenced by religious and cultural factors. The healthcare seeking behaviour of pregnant women was also highly influenced by lack of transport access to healthcare facilities.
Comparison of respiratory pathogen colonization and antimicrobial susceptibility in people with cystic fibrosis versus non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: A systematic review
Authors: Verma Salony , Mathew Joseph L , Ray Pallab 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Both cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis are characterized by permanent bronchial dilation, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and development of chronic infections. Although the core airway microbiota in both CF and non-CF bronchiectasis may be similar, particular satellite microbes are associated with specific conditions. Moreover, there are several factors, which may be responsible for the disparity in antibiotic susceptibility profile between the CF and non-CF populations. Hence comparing the microbiota and antibiotic susceptibility pattern in CF bronchiectasis with non-CF bronchiectasis would aid in improved management of both the conditions.
Methods
Two authors will independently search the electronic databases PubMed and EMBASE for studies reporting bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract determined by examination of any respiratory tract specimen, by conventional bacterial culture or specialized techniques; and/or antimicrobial susceptibility testing in adults and children diagnosed with bronchiectasis in either CF subjects or non-CF subjects. The authors will independently assess the risk of bias for each included study using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). We will present the data with descriptive statistics and provide pooled estimates of outcome parameters, wherever it is feasible to perform meta-analysis using a random effects model. Heterogeneity in studies will be explored by visual inspection of forest plot as well as using the Higgins and Thompson I2 method. We will contact the corresponding authors of studies where data is/are missing and try to obtain the missing data.
Discussion
To date, there are no locally applicable evidence-based guidelines for antimicrobial treatment of non-CF bronchiectasis patients. In general, treatment in non-CF bronchiectasis is based on extrapolation of clinical trials done in subjects with CF bronchiectasis. An insight into the microbiota and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns against specific organisms in both the conditions would facilitate appropriate rather than empiric therapy, and hopefully reduce the burden of antimicrobial resistance created by rampant usage of antibiotics. Therefore, this systematic review is being undertaken to compare the respiratory tract colonization and antibacterial susceptibility pattern in people with cystic fibrosis versus non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
Systematic review registration:
The protocol was submitted for publication in PROSPERO on June 26, 2020 (PROSPERO ID: 193859).
Comparison of functional microbial profile between mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste
Authors: Ao Tianjie , Xie Zhijie , Zhou Pan , Liu Xiaofeng , Wan Liping , Li Dong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

With increasing accumulation of vegetable waste in China, the valorization of vegetable waste becomes an urgent concern. Based on the characteristics of high moisture content and biodegradable organic matter of vegetable waste, anaerobic digestion as an effective technique was selected to reuse this kind of agriculture waste. The anaerobic digestion performance is highly correlated with the functional microbial community. In this study, mesophilic and thermophilic digestions of vegetable waste were conducted, and dynamics of the microbial community were investigated.
Results

The mesophilic and thermophilic collapsed stages occurred at organic loading rates of 1.5 and 2.0 g volatile solid (VS)/(L·d), respectively, due to severe accumulation of volatile fatty acids. The mesophilic digestion exhibited a higher microbial diversity and richness than the thermophilic digestion. Syntrophic acetate-oxidizing coupled with hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was the dominant pathway in the thermophilic stable system, and acetoclastic methanogenesis in the mesophilic stable system. The dominant acidogens, syntrophus, and methanogens were Candidatus_Cloacamonas, norank_f__Synergistaceae, Methanosaeta, and Methanosarcina in the mesophilic stable stage, and Anaerobaculum, Syntrophaceticus, Methanosarcina, and Methanothermobacter in thermophilic stable stage. Spirochaetae and Thermotogae phyla were the characteristic microorganisms in the mesophilic and thermophilic collapsed stages, respectively.
Conclusions

This study unveiled the distribution of the functional microbial consortia at the stable and collapsed periods of the anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions to providing guidelines for the further research of anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste.
Citrin Deficiency Mimicking Mitochondrial Depletion Syndrome
Authors: Grünert Sarah Catharina , Schumann Anke , Freisinger Peter , Rosenbaum-Fabian Stefanie , Schmidts Miriam , Mueller Amelie J , Beck-Wödl Stefanie , Haack Tobias B , Schneider Hendryk , Fuchs Hans , Teufel Ulrike , Gramer Gwendolyn , Hannibal Luciana , Spiekerkoetter Ute 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNeonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (CD) is a rare inborn error of metabolism due to variants in the SLC25A13 gene encoding the calcium-binding protein citrin. Citrin is an aspartate-glutamate carrier located within the inner mitochondrial membrane.Results We report on two siblings of Romanian-Vietnamese ancestry with citrin deficiency. Patient 1 is a female who presented at age 8 weeks with cholestasis, elevated lactate levels and recurrent severe hypoglycemia. Diagnosis was made by whole exome sequencing and revealed compound heterozygosity for the frameshift variant c.852_855del, p.Met285Profs*2 and a novel deletion c.(69+1_70-1)_(212+1_231-1)del in SLC25A13. The girl responded well to dietary treatment with a lactose-free, MCT-enriched formula. Her younger brother (Patient 2) was born one year later and also found to be carrying the same gene variants. Dietary treatment from birth was able to completely prevent clinical manifestation until his current age of 4.5 months.ConclusionAs CD is a well-treatable disorder it should be ruled out early in the differential diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis. Due to the combination of hepatopathy, lactic acidosis and recurrent hypoglycemia the clinical presentation of CD may resemble hepatic mitochondrial depletion syndrome.
Analysis of genomic and non-genomic signalling of oestrogen receptor in PDX models of breast cancer treated with a combination of the PI3K inhibitor Alpelisib (BYL719) and fulvestrant
Authors: Romancer Muriel Le , Jacquemetton Julien , Kassem Loay , Poulard Coralie , Dahmani Ahmed , PLATER Ludmilla De , Montaudon Elodie , Sourd Laura , Morisset Ludivine , Botty Rania El , Chateau-Joubert Sophie , Vacher Sophie , Bieche Ivan , Treilleux Isabelle , Trédan Olivier , Marangoni Elisabetta 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Endocrine therapies targeting oestrogen signalling have significantly improved breast cancer (BC) patient survival, although 40% of ERα-positive BCs do not respond to those therapies. Aside from genomic signalling, oestrogen triggers non-genomic pathways by forming a complex containing methylERα/Src/PI3K, a hallmark of aggressiveness and resistance to tamoxifen. We aimed to confirm the prognostic value of this complex and investigated whether its targeting could improve tumour response in vivo.Methods The interaction of ERα/Src and ERα/PI3K was studied by proximity ligation assay (PLA) in a cohort of 440 BC patients. We then treated patient-derived BC xenografts (PDXs) with fulvestrant or the PI3K inhibitor alpelisib (BYL719) alone or in combination. We analysed their anti-proliferative effects on 6 ERα + and 3 ERα- PDX models. Genomic and non-genomic oestrogen signalling were assessed by measuring ERα/PI3K interaction by PLA or the expression of key oestrogen target genes by RT-QPCR, respectively.Results We confirmed that ERα/Src and especially ERα/PI3K interaction were associated with a trend to poorer survival. In ERα + tumours, the combination of BYL719 and fulvestrant was more effective than fulvestrant alone in 3 models, irrespective of PI3K, PTEN status or ERα/PI3K targeting. Interestingly, in some ERα- models, fulvestrant alone impacted tumour growth and this was associated with a decrease in ERα/PI3K interaction.Conclusions Our results demonstrate that ERα/PI3K may constitute a new prognostic marker, as well as a new target in BC. Indeed, resistance to fulvestrant was clearly associated with a lack of ERα/PI3K targeting in the cytoplasm.
Predictive Parameters for the Worsening Clinical Course of Mild COVID-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Hahm Cho Rom , Lee Young Kyung , Oh Dong Hyun , Ahn Mi Young , Choi Jae-Phil , Kang Na Ree , Oh Jungkyun , Choi Hanzo , Kim Suhyun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to determine parameters for worsening oxygenation in mild COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia in a single public hospital in South Korea from January to April 2020. Parameters were compared between the two groups on the basis of clinical course: the desaturation group was defined as those with oxygen saturation ≤ 94% on ambient air, or received oxygen or mechanical ventilation (MV) throughout the clinical course versus the nonevent group who were without any respiratory event up to 28 days. The severity and extent of viral pneumonia from an initial single chest CT were calculated using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and measured visually by a radiologist. Results: We included 136 patients with 32 (23.5%) in the desaturation group, of whom two needed MV and one died. Initial vital signs and duration of symptoms showed no difference between the two groups, however, univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a variety of parameters at admission were associated with an increased risk of a desaturation event. In a sex-, age-, and comorbid illness-matched case-control study, ferritin ≥ 280 μg/L (OR 3.600, 95% CI 1.142-11.346; p=0.029), LDH≥ 240 U/L (OR 3.600, 95% CI 1.142-11.346; p=0.029), pneumonia burden (OR 1.010, 95% CI 1.002-1.019; p=0.021), and extent (OR 1.194, 95% CI 1.017-1.401; p=0.030) by AI, and visual severity scores (OR 1.146, 95% CI 1.005-1.307; p=0.042) were the predictive parameters for worsening clinical course with desaturation. Conclusion: Our study presents initial CT parameters measured by AI or visual severity scoring as well as serum markers of inflammation at admission as the best parameters for predicting worsening oxygenation in the COVID-19 pneumonia cohort. Initial chest CT scans may help clinicians diagnose viral pneumonia and evaluate the prognosis in mild COVID-19.
The primo vascular system is the substance of meridians.
Authors: Cha Yongchol , Choe Hyok , Oh Songjin , Cha Zinhwa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background; The primo vascular system (PVS) is new circulatory system. However, the primo vascular system doesn’t achieve now on the valuation criteria on the substance of meridians, so that anyone can't prove that the primo vascular system is the substance of meridians. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to prove clinical-physiologically that the primo vascular system is the substance of acupuncture meridian.Methods: Meridian-like high thermal line (MLHTL) induced by the mineral pulse light stimulus on acupoints, and nephrotic syndrome treated simultaneously without any drug use, were researched and analyzed. Next, the inducing characteristic of meridian-like high thermal lines and, anatomic and electro-physiologic characteristic of PVS were researched and analyzed. Results: The KI, SP meridian-like high thermal line coinciding completely along the classic KI, SP meridian course, were induced by the mineral pulse light stimulus on SP6 acupoints, and simultaneously nephrotic syndrome in kidney, the internal target organ connected along KI meridian from the KI3, SP6 acupoints, was treated without any drug use. And the primo vascular system was basis tissue of MLHTL inducing. Conclusions: The primo vascular system was achieved completely to the valuation criteria on the substance of meridians. Thus, the primo vascular system is the substance of meridians.
Integrating storage and spatial variability into shallow groundwater balances: moving towards water security in hard rock coastal areas
Authors: Earon Robert , Olofsson Bo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In terrains with limited soil cover and groundwater storage, groundwater resource management is governed by the spatial nature of storage, recharge and distributed local extraction. Local soils act as important groundwater reservoirs for residents who have no other feasible water supply. A novel heuristic methodology is presented which accounts for the spatial distribution of storage and extraction, using existing topographical and geological databases in addition to well data to construct an applied conceptual groundwater model with assumed stratigraphy. The method uses a geographic information systems (GIS) environment and allows for modelling climate and land-use scenarios. Several scenarios were examined, demonstrating that average reservoir volumes meet demand but at the local levels depletion of reservoirs occurs. Groundwater abstraction in excess of 50% of the approximate freshwater storage was observed in the model, particularly near the coast. Soil-filled valleys may act as local hydraulic barriers by maintaining a higher pressure head as they are less susceptible to large-level fluctuations than the hard rock and may aid in preventing contamination from saline water provided no direct hydraulic connection is present. The method demonstrates the importance of a spatial approach in managing groundwater resources and could be used as a tool in increasing water security.
Heterologous Expression of Histidine Acid Phytase From Pantoea sp. 3.5.1 in Methylotrophic Yeast Pichia Pastoris
Authors: Suleimanova Aliya , Bulmakova Daria , Sharipova Margarita 
Published: August 2020

Background and Objective:The major storage form of phosphorus in plant-derived feed is presented by phytates and not digested by animals. Phytases are able to hydrolyze phytates and successfully used as feed additives. Nevertheless, nowadays, there is a constant search of new phytases and expression systems for better production of these enzymes. In this study, we describe cloning and expression of gene encoding histidine acid phytase fromPantoeasp. 3.5.1 using methylotrophic yeastPichia pastorisas the host.Methods:The phytase gene was placed under the control of the methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter and expressed inP. pastoris. Experiments of small-scale phytase expression and activity assays were used to test recombinant colonies. Four different signal peptides were screened for better secretion of phytase byP. pastoris. After 36 h of methanol induction in shake flasks, the maximum extracellular phytase activity (3.2 U/ml) was observed inP. pastorisstrain with integrated construct based on pPINK-HC vector andKluyveromyces maxianusinulinase gene signal sequence. This phytase was isolated and purified using affinity chromatography.Results:Recombinant phytase was a glycosylated protein, had a molecular weight of around 90 kDa and showed maximum activity at pH 4.0 and at 50°C. Recombinant phytase had excellent thermal stability – it retained high residual activity (100% ± 2%) after 1 hour of heat treatment at 70°C.Conclusion:The enhanced thermostability of the recombinant phytase, its expression provided by strong inducible promotor and the effectively designed expression cassette, the simple purification procedure of the secreted enzyme, and the possibility of large-scale expression make the foundation for further production of this bacterial phytase inP. pastorisat an industrial scale.