bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hiina keele sugulusest ugri keelte ja eriti soome-eesti keelega (1895)
Authors: Hermann Karl August 
Published: February 2020

Eesti 19. sajandi väljapaistev keeleteadlane, entsüklopedist ja helilooja Karl August Hermann (1851–1909) toob välja tunnused, mis võiksid osutada ugri, st soome-ugri ning altai keelte, sh eesti ja soome keele sugulusele hiina keelega. Ta vaatleb sõnatüvesid ja -juuri, sõnamoodustust, võimalikke ühiseid tüvesid, sarnaseid lausungeid ning omastava käände ja omadussõnalise täiendi asendit, mis võiksid osutada erinevate kaugete keelte sugulusele. Ta teeb järelduse, et hiina keel on soome-ugri ja altai keeltega suguluses. Hermanni saksakeelne artikkel, mis ilmus aastal 1895, on tõlgitud eesti keelde.
Abstract. Karl August Hermann: About the relationship of Chinese with the Ugrian languages and especially with the Finnish-Estonian (1895). Karl August Hermann (1851–1909), an eminent Estonian linguist, encyclopedist and composer in the nineteenth century, identifies features that might indicate the affinity of Ugrian, i.e. Finno-Ugric and Altaic languages, including Estonian and Finnish, with Chinese. He looks at word stems and roots, word formation, possible common word stems, similar utterances, and the position of the genitive and the adjective in relation to the noun that might indicate the affinity of different distant languages. He concludes that Chinese is related to Finno- Ugric and Altaic languages. Hermann’s forgotten article, published in German in 1895, has been translated into Estonian by Urmas Sutrop.
The influence of thiotriazoline on the indicators of nitric oxide under the condition of experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia
Authors: Regeda-Furdychko M. M. 
Published: February 2020

As a result of the conducted researches it is established that with the development of experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia there is an increase in the level of stable metabolites of nitric oxide, increase of activity of total NO synthase and, at the same time, inhibition of L-arginine activity in the blood, thus these indicators were most expressed on the late stages of her forming of combine pathology(18th day). The use of thiotriazoline in curative aims stipulated the decline of stable NO metabolites on 31.9% (p≤0.05), NOS in blood on 26.6% (р1 ≤0.05) and increase of content L-arginine on 34.5% (р1 ≤0.05) at experimental contact dermatitis and experimental pneumonia as compared to the group of animals that did not yield to influence of this preparation.
Counseling needs of students in the Institute of Physical Education, Mostaganem University (Algeria)
Authors: Mokrani Djamel , Benzidane Houcine , Ataalah Ahmed , Zereg Fateh 
Published: February 2020

In the light of researches aim knowing the counselling needs for students of Institute of Physical Education and Sport, University of Abdel Hamid Ibn Badis Mostaganem (Algeria), the researcher suggest that there are many counselling needs for students this Institute, so the researcher choose the sample by using random level method of (480) students divided into two samples for building and applying uses, to achieve goals of research the researcher build research tool represented by showing counselling needs consisted of (7) fields of (81) items, placing in front of each one three replacements (always, sometime, never) then correct them by giving marks as (1,2,3) respectively, then the researcher analyzes counselling needs in its final form on applying sample of (120) students (male and female) for students Institute of Physical Education and Sport, University of Abdel Hamid Ibn Badis Mostaganem. After treating the results statistically, results showed that there are (38) counselling needs should be saturated inside the students of Institute. In the lights of research’s results the researcher insisted on taking the advantages of studying counselling needs for students of physical education institute in developing counselling programs in the Institute and build it on a scientific bases emanated from a real needs of students.
How Do Travel Costs Shape Collaboration?
Authors: Catalini Christian , Fons-Rosen Christian , Gaulé Patrick 
Published: February 2020

We develop a simple theoretical framework for thinking about how geographic frictions, and in particular travel costs, shape scientists’ collaboration decisions and the types of projects that are developed locally versus over distance. We then take advantage of a quasi-experiment—the introduction of new routes by a low-cost airline—to test the predictions of the theory. Results show that travel costs constitute an important friction to collaboration: after a low-cost airline enters, the number of collaborations increases between 0.3 and 1.1 times, a result that is robust to multiple falsification tests and causal in nature. The reduction in geographic frictions is particularly beneficial for high-quality scientists that are otherwise embedded in worse local environments. Consistent with the theory, lower travel costs also endogenously change the types of projects scientists engage in at different levels of distance. After the shock, we observe an increase in higher-quality and novel projects, as well as projects that take advantage of complementary knowledge and skills between subfields, and that rely on specialized equipment. We test the generalizability of our findings from chemistry to a broader data set of scientific publications and to a different field where specialized equipment is less likely to be relevant, mathematics. Last, we discuss implications for the formation of collaborative research and development teams over distance. This paper was accepted by Toby Stuart, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Υπο τας φιλυρας / Sob as tílias
Authors: Douros Panagiotis , Lemos de Lima Fernanda 
Published: February 2020

Την Τετάρτη, 9 Σεπτέμβρη 1942, στην καρδιά της γερμανικής κατοχής, αφήνει την τελευταία του πνοή στην Αθήνα ο Ρώμος Φιλύρας, ο έλληνας «Ρεμπώ» των καταραμένων ποιητών. Νικημένος από την σύφιλη, είχε αποσυρθεί οικειοθελώς στο Δρομοκαΐτειο Νοσοκομείο το 1927, όπου και έγραψε το μεγαλύτερο τμήμα του έργου του. Ο κατά κόσμον Ιωάννης (Γιάγκος) Β. Οικονομόπουλος με καταγωγή από το Κιάτο ανήκει στους σημαντικούς νεορομαντικούς ποιητές του μεσοπολέμου. Πολέμησε με τον βαθμό του υπολοχαγού στους βαλκανικούς πολέμους στη Μακεδονία και την Ήπειρο, όπου έπαθε κρυοπαγήματα. Αποτάχθηκε το 1924, λόγω ανίατης αφροδίσιας πάθησης. Παρά τα σοβαρά ψυχικά προβλήματα από την εξέλιξη της νόσου, καταφέρνει μέσω των γραπτών του να μεταδώσει τα συναισθήματά του με άμεσα αντιληπτό τρόπο. Εξυμνεί την ομορφιά της φύσης και της γυναίκας και προσπάθησε να συλλάβει και να μεταδώσει μια ιδανική εικόνα τους. Ποιες ήταν άραγε οι τελευταίες του έγνοιες και παραστάσεις στο δωμάτιο του ιδρύματος; Τι στοίχειωσε τον ταραγμένο του νου και ποιες «κύκνειες» αισθήσεις ξύπνησαν στο τραγικό του τέλος; Ποιες ήταν οι αναφορές και οι πηγές του; Ένα μικρό διήγημα, ελάχιστος φόρος τιμής για τον Έλληνα ποιητή Ρεμπώ και την ταραχώδη του ζωή σε σχέση με το «μεγάλωμα» της χώρας μας μέσα από τους πολέμους που έζησε και φαντάστηκε.Na quarta-feira, 9 de setembro de 1942, no coração da ocupação alemã, Romos Filiras, o “Rimbaud” grego dos poetas amaldiçoados, dá seu último suspiro em Atenas. Derrotado pela sífilis, ele se internou voluntariamente, no Hospital Dromokaitio em 1927, onde escreveu a maior parte de seu trabalho. O mundialmente famoso Ioánnis (Yagos) II. Economopoulos, originalmente de Kiato, pertence ao grupo dos importantes poetas neo-românticos do período entre guerras. ELE lutou como tenente nas guerras dos Balcãs, na Macedônia, e em Épiro, onde sofreu uma hipotermia. Ele foi internado em 1924 por causa de uma doença venérea incurável. Apesar dos sérios problemas psiquiátrico no decurso da doença, ele consegue transmitir suas emoções através de seus escritos de uma maneira diretamente perceptível. Ele glorifica a beleza da natureza e da mulher, buscando capturar e transmitir uma imagem ideal delas. Quais foram suas últimas preocupações e performances nos quartos do sanatório? O que assombrava sua mente perturbada e como os “cisnes” despertavam seus sentidos para seu trágico fim? Quais foram suas referências e fontes? Uma história curta, uma pequena homenagem ao poeta Rimbaud grego e sua vida agitada em relação ao “crescimento” de nosso país através das guerras que ele viveu e imaginou.
Are cervical collars effective and safe in prehospital spinal cord injury management?
Authors: Hodgett Rachel , Ward Richard 
Published: February 2020

Background: In the UK, around 500–600 people a year sustain traumatic injuries to the spinal cord, half of which involve the cervical spine. UK ambulance guidelines stipulate that if immobilisation is indicated, the entire spine should be immobilised using an orthopaedic scoop stretcher, head restraints and a rigid cervical collar. However, the use of cervical collars is being debated in the paramedic profession. Although they were originally considered harmless and used as a precautionary measure, an increasing amount of evidence suggests otherwise and it is argued that they can do more harm than good. Therefore, it is debatable whether using them is consistent with the principles of patient safety and evidence-based practice. Aim: A literature review was carried out to comprehensively examine research surrounding the adverse effects of cervical collars and the range of movement they allow to gain a comprehensive understanding of their efficacy. Methods: The EBSCOhost Health Science Research database was searched. Seven articles were found and chosen for inclusion in the literature review. Results: Two themes were identified regarding cervical collars: adverse effects and range of movement. Conclusion: Evidence suggests that cervical collars can cause more harm than good, and UK ambulance guidelines for spinal immobilisation should be reconsidered.
Demonstration of vacuum strain effects on a light-collection lens used in optical polarimetry
Authors: Trantham K. W. , Foreman K. D. , Gay T. J. 
Published: February 2020

The precision by which an electron spin polarization measurement can be
made using a noble-gas polarimeter depends directly on the accuracy of
a light-polarization measurement. Since the electron–noble gas
collisions occur in a vacuum chamber and the optical polarimeter is
generally outside the chamber, this work examines the effect the
vacuum window has on the perceived optical polarization. A model light
source, lens system, and optical polarimeter are used that approximate
the situation found in a typical atomic physics experiment. It was
demonstrated that a pressure difference of 1 atm on a lens will alter
the perceived polarization by as much as 0.05% with typical
borosilicate (BK) lenses. This effect was demonstrated to scale with
the thickness of the lens used and changes signs when the direction of
the stress is reversed.
Color and brightness constancies depend reciprocally on saturation
Authors: Reeves Adam , Amano Kinjiro 
Published: February 2020

Color and brightness constancies may not be independent, since increasing a sample saturation should decrease the demand on the color constancy and increase that on the brightness constancy [Color Res. Appl. 43, 630 (2018)CREADU0361-231710.1002/col.22227]. We tested this claim using color and brightness constancy data from Foster et al. [Vis. Res. 41, 285 (2001)VISRAM0042-698910.1016/S0042-6989(00)00239-X], whose observers made side-by-side and successive comparisons of central patches (“asymmetric matches”) presented in pairs of identical Mondrian displays with simulated illuminants of 25000 K and 6700 K daylights. Saturations (CIE “chroma”) of the central patches varied from 0.007 to 0.092. For most observers (as in a toy Gaussian model of the surface reflectance spectra), increasing saturation reduced color constancy and increased brightness constancy.
Coherent mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in tapered suspended-core As39Se61 fibers pumped by a few-optical-cycle Cr:ZnSe laser
Authors: Leonov Stanislav O. , Wang Yuchen , Shiryaev Vladimir S. , Snopatin Gennady E. , Stepanov Boris S. , Plotnichenko Victor G. , Vicentini Edoardo , Gambetta Alessio , Coluccelli Nicola , Svelto Cesare , Laporta Paolo , Galzerano Gianluca 
Published: February 2020

We report on efficient supercontinuum generation in tapered suspended-core

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fibers pumped by a femtosecond mode-locked Cr:ZnSe laser. The supercontinuum spectrum spans the mid-infrared spectral region from 1.4 to 4.2 µm, and its spectral coherence is proved by heterodyning with a single-frequency narrow-linewidth Er-fiber laser at 1.55 µm, measuring a beat note with 27-dB signal-to-noise ratio in a resolution bandwidth of 100 kHz. The intensity stability of the supercontinuum radiation is also characterized by relative intensity noise measurements.
Nonlinear multimode interference-based dual-color mode-locked fiber laser
Authors: Zhao Kangjun , Li Yan , Xiao Xiaosheng , Yang Changxi 
Published: February 2020

We present a dual-color-soliton fiber laser at two different wavebands by nonlinear multimode interference. A saturable absorber (SA) with single-mode—multimode (MMF)—single-mode fiber structure is placed in the common branch shared by two sub-cavities. Saturable absorption effects can be simultaneously satisfied at 1.5 and 2 µm at a proper length of the MMF. Dual-color solitons can still remain, even by slightly tuning the length of the MMF. The periodical characteristic of this SA provides a flexible choice of MMF length, making it simple for simultaneous mode locking (SML) at two separate wavebands in practice. Our approach not only paves the way for SML at two or more wavebands by the MMF but also could lead to significant applications in pump-probe spectroscopy.
The Norms of National Law Forming the Basis for the Shaping and Implementing of State Policy in the Field of Energy Security. Discussion Based on the Polish Legal Order1
Authors: Kamiński Marcin 
Published: February 2020

The essential aim of the article is the theoretical analysis of the normative basis of the Polish state policy in the field of energy security. The analysis begins with the presen-tation of the state policy and energy policy concepts. The author argues that in the Polish legal order the concept of energy policy is concentrated around the premise of energy security. The next part of the analysis deals with the issues of categories of the norms shaping and implementing of the energy security policy in the Polish legal order.
This part of the considerations shows that the normative basis for the determination, implementation and verification of political actions taken by the public authorities in the field of energy security requires the use of specific normative structures. The analysis refers to the conception of ‘goal-oriented norms’. The norms of this kind set binding goals, directions and conditions for the actions of state authorities as well in the field of energy policy. The types of the acts which concretize the goal-oriented norms (e.g. task-oriented norms; directional and determinative norms; planning norms) in the discussed field of state policy are also discussed.
Does the Chest Tube Removal Time Influence the Outcomes of Primary Spontaneus Pneumothorax First Episode Management?
Authors: Mongirdas Matas , Untanas Audrius , Jagelavičius Žymantas , Janilionis Ričardas 
Published: February 2020

Background / objectives. The main treatment option for the first episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is chest tube drainage, however, whether delayed chest tube removal might influence the recurrence is unclear.Methods. A prospective study, which included 50 patients, with an initial episode of primary spontaneous pneumothorax was performed. Patients were randomized into two groups according to the chest tube removal time: 1-day and 5-days after the air-leak has stopped. All patients were followed-up for at least six months. Both groups were compared according to the recurrence rate and possible complications.Results. There were 39 (78%) men and the median age was 27 (23–35) years. Successful management with a chest tube was achieved in 43 (86%) patients, others were operated on because of the continuous air-leak or relapse of the pneumothorax after the chest tube was removed. Significant difference was not found comparing groups by age, gender, side, tobacco smoking, alpha-1-antitrypsin level, rate of prolonged air-leak, necessity of surgery, and the mean follow-up time. There was a significant difference between groups in hospitalization time: 1-day group – 6 (4–12), 5-days group – 8 (7–10) days, p = 0.017. Five (20%) patients from 1-day group and 3 (12%) from 5-days group had a recurrence, however the difference was not significant (p = 0.702). There were no significant differences comparing groups by the recurrence time or complications.Conclusions. The recurrence rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax was higher if the chest tube was removed earlier, however not significantly. More data and longer follow-up are necessary to confirm these findings.
Efektivitas Program Rehabilitasi Sosial Terhadap Gelandangan Dan Pengemis Di Balai Rehabilitasi Sosial Bina Karya Cisarua
Authors: Sumantri II , Pikri Faizal , Lubis Muhammad Aldi 
Published: February 2020

This study aims to determine the process of knowing the organization of homeless and beggar coaching by the Social Rehabilitation Office of West Java Province. In addition, it is also important to know the assistance process carried out by the Social Rehabilitation Office for homeless people who have participated in the rehabilitation program. The method used in this research is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Descriptive method aims to describe or provide a complete picture of the effectiveness of the social rehabilitation program of the Bina Karya Social Rehabilitation Office. The results showed that in general the program of activities held at the Rehabilitation Office was very influential on the client, despite the slight changes experienced by the clients. Basically, of the many programs held at the hall, the most influencing of the lives of these clients is the skill activities.
Dampak Pendapatan Asli Daerah Terhadap Belanja Langsung Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Authors: Sholeh Chaereyranba 
Published: February 2020

This study has purpose to determine how the effect Regional Original Income to Direct Expenditures in West Bandung Regency for the period 2008-2017. This study uses the theory from Siregar (2015: 31) with method uses an associative type with a quantitative approach. This reseach useing secondary data with data collection techniques are literature studies (documentation) and field studies (observation). The population and sample of the study are the West Bandung Regency Regional Budget Realization Report 2008-2017. Statistical testing uses multiple regression analysis it where to determine how much influence the PAD component has on Direct Spending with a significance level of α = 0.05 using the t-test with SPSS 20 program. Significant value for the influence of independent variables regional tax, regional retribution, separated regional wealth management results and other legitimate PAD which is Regional Original Income simultaneously to Direct Expenditures of 0,000 <0.05 and calculated F value of 68,983> F table of 4, 53. So that can be concluded of the independent variable namely Regional Original Income simultaneously influences the dependent variable of Direct Shopping in West Bandung Regency. The results is calculation of the determination coefficient and correlation coefficient that the effect of Regional Original Income on Direct Spending is 98.2% with a correlation level of 0.982 which means it belongs to the category of very strong relationships. And the remaining 1.8% are influenced cause other variables not explained by the researcher.
Long-term mortality risk in hospitalized patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction
Authors: Galyavich A. S. , Mingalimova I. M. , Galeeva Z. M. , Baleeva L. V. 
Published: February 2020

Aim. Comparative assessment of laboratory and instrumental parameters of patients with heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction at admission and discharge from the hospital to determine the long-term mortality risk.Material and methods. The clinical outcomes of 117 patients with stage II-III (Strazhesko-Vasilenko Classification) heart failure (64 men and 53 women) were studied. All patients admitted to the hospital underwent laboratory and instrumental examination. The average follow-up for patients after discharge from the hospital was 3 years (12 to 44 months). The long-term mortality risks of HF patients were compared according to the examination data upon admission and discharge from the hospital.Results. The long-term mortality risk factors of HF patients at admission are the levels of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP) (risk 1,08, p=0,001), D-dimer (risk 1,062, p=0,018), urea (risk 1,048, p=0,016), creatinine (risk 1,006, p=0,016), alanine transaminase (risk 1,002, p=0,009). The long-term mortality risk factors of HF patients at discharge are urea (risk 1,141, p=0,001), N-terminal proBNP (risk 1,101, p=0,002), and the number of neutrophils (risk 1,064, p=0,002).Conclusion. There is a difference in risk factors for long-term mortality risk of HF patients at admission and discharge from the hospital.
Heart failure in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients
Authors: Goryacheva O. G. , Koziolova A. N. 
Published: February 2020

Aim. To determine the features of heart failure (HF) development in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Material and methods. In a general hospital, 160 patients were examined during the year. All of them were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=100) — HIV-infected patients with specific clinical picture of HF; group 2 (n=60) — patients without HIV infection and with HF verified by echocardiography and concentration of N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP).Results. In comparison with group 2, HIV-infected patients had the following statistically significant differences: lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), lower prevalence and severity of left ventricle diastolic dysfunction, higher LV mass index (LVMI), and lower NT-proBNP. HIV-infected patients had statistically significant moderate inverse relationship of LVEF (r=-0,43; p=0,015), E/e’ (r=-0,32; p=0,045), LVMI (r=-0,46; p=0,002) and strong relationship of NT-proBNP (r=-0,54; p<0,001) with CD4 T-lymphocyte count in 1 mm3 in the presence of HF symptoms and signs and an increase in NT-proBNP over 125 pg/ml. In group 1, there was a significantly higher prevalence of smoking, chronic alcoholism, drug use, chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis (especially manifested by hepatomegaly and splenomegaly in combination with ascites and hepatic cytolysis), chronic pancreatitis, pneumonia and inflammatory diseases accompanied by higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein concentration, and lower hemoglobin level. HIV-infected patients were statistically less likely to use all groups of drugs for HF treatment, with the exception of spironolactone, and more likely to use drugs for multimorbidity treatment.Conclusion. The HF prevalence in hospitalized HIV-infected patients, estimated on the basis of symptoms and NT-proBNP increase >125 pg/ml, was 54%; on the basis of LVEF decrease <50% — 32%. The clinical picture of HIV-infected patients is characterized by various symptoms, including those typical for HF with normal NT-proBNP level, due to the high prevalence of comorbidities and concurrent medication.