bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pigment production by Fusarium solani BRM054066 and determination of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties
Authors: Menezes Bruna S. , Solidade Lucas S. , Conceição Aparecido A. , Santos Junior Manoel N. , Leal Patrícia L. , de Brito Edy S. , Canuto Kirley M. , Mendonça Simone , de Siqueira Félix G. , Marques Lucas M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe fungal kingdom has been widely studied as a source of bioactive compounds of interest to the pharmaceutical and food industry. This paper studies the production of natural red pigments by Fusarium solani BRM054066 in the submerged fermentation system, using Doehlert experimental design to determine optimal cultivation conditions. The chemical composition of the red pigment was determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Antioxidant activity was assessed by the ability to sequester of free radical DPPH. In the analysis of anti-inflammatory activity, murine peritoneal macrophages activated by LPS were used, and the gene expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 was determined using qPCR. As a result, it was found that agitation at 200 rpm and glucose concentration ≥ 20 g/L promote the best results in the production of red pigment. The chemical compounds identified were two naphthoquinones, fusarubin and dihydrofusarubin, and an anthraquinone, a bostrycoidin, being fusarubin the majority compound. The red pigment showed antioxidant activity by scavenge 50% of the DPPH radical, in a concentration of 24 µg/mL. The pigment also showed an effective anti-inflammatory capacity by reducing the overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and promoting the production of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-17, in murine macrophages activated by LPS (p < 0.05). According to the results, the fungus F. solani BRM054066, under optimized conditions of cultivation, proved to be a promising source of biologically active natural pigments with wide industrial applicability.
Anthelmintic resistance among gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle on dairy calf to beef farms in Ireland
Authors: Kelleher Anne C. , Good Barbara , de Waal Theo , Keane Orla M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of cattle in pasture-based production systems such as Ireland is highly dependent on the availability of efficacious anthelmintics. There is very little information available on the efficacy of the broad-spectrum anthelmintics against GIN of cattle in Ireland and the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance on dairy calf to beef farms.

Results
GIN burden was monitored on thirty-six recruited farms by performing herd level faecal egg counts (FEC) every 2 weeks. Of these, nine farms were lost from the study as calves were treated with an anthelmintic for Dictyocaulus viviparus, two were lost as they treated for GIN, one dropped out of the study and on one the herd FEC did not reach the threshold for carrying out the Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECRT). On the remaining 23 farms, once the herd FEC reached 100 eggs per gram, a FECRT was carried out. Pre and post-treatment larval cultures were also performed to identify the GIN to genus level. The efficacy of fenbendazole, levamisole, ivermectin and moxidectin was evaluated on 15, 11, 16 and 11 farms respectively. Resistance to fenbendazole was identified on 9 farms (60%) with resistance suspected on a further farm. Resistance to levamisole, ivermectin and moxidectin was detected on 2 (18%), 16 (100%) and 8 (73%) farms respectively. The predominant genera detected pre and post-treatment were Cooperia and Ostertagia with both genera detected post-treatment with fenbendazole and ivermectin. Due to the low proportion of Ostertagia spp. pre-treatment, the efficacy of levamisole or moxidectin against this genus could not be reliably established.

Conclusions
Anthelmintic resistance was widespread on the sampled dairy calf to beef farms in Ireland with resistance to benzimidazole, levamisole, ivermectin and moxidectin detected.
Performance analysis of NOMA-based mobile edge computing with imperfect CSI
Authors: Jiang Huan , Wang Yafei , Yue Xinwei , Li Xuehua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based mobile edge computing (MEC) system is proposed, where paired users (the mth user and the nth user) offload tasks to the MEC server under imperfect channel state information (ipCSI) condition. To evaluate the effect on performance under ipCSI condition in NOMA-MEC system, this study derives new exact and asymptotic expressions of the offloading outage probability for two users under ipCSI and perfect channel state information (pCSI) conditions. On the basis of the theoretical derivation, the diversity orders of the nth user under ipCSI and pCSI conditions are zero and n, respectively, while those for the distant user are all zeros. In addition, we also investigate the system throughput and energy efficiency of NOMA-MEC in delay-limited transmission. Numerical results show that (1) the offloading outage behaviors of NOMA-MEC are better than those of time division multiple address (TDMA), (2) the offloading outage performance of paired users under ipCSI is worse than that under pCSI, and (3) the NOMA-MEC system achieves higher throughput and energy efficiency than does the TDMA-MEC system.
Clustered nuclei splitting based on recurrent distance transform in digital pathology images
Authors: Roszkowiak Lukasz , Korzynska Anna , Pijanowska Dorota , Bosch Ramon , Lejeune Marylene , Lopez Carlos 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe accuracy of the applied technique for automated nuclei segmentation is critical in obtaining high-quality and efficient diagnostic results. Unfortunately, multiple objects in histopathological images are connected (clustered) and frequently counted as one. In this study, we present a new method for cluster splitting based on distance transform binarized with the recurrently increased threshold value and modified watershed algorithm. The proposed method treats clusters separately, splitting them into smaller sub-clusters and conclusively into separate objects, based solely on the shape feature, making it independent of the pixel intensity. The efficiency of these algorithms is validated based on the labeled set of images from two datasets: BBBC004v1 and breast cancer tissue microarrays. Results of initial nuclei detection were significantly improved by applying the proposed algorithms. Our approach outperformed the state-of-the-art techniques based on recall, precision, F1-score, and Jaccard index. The proposed method achieves very low amount of under-segmented, as well as over-segmented objects. In summary, we provide novel and efficient method for dividing the clustered nuclei in digital images of histopathological slides.
Coefficient inequalities for certain subclasses of multivalent functions associated with conic domain
Authors: Ur Rehman Muhammad Sabil , Ahmad Qazi Zahoor , Srivastava H. M. , Khan Nazar , Darus Maslina , Tahir Muhammad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA number of families of q-extensions of analytic functions in the open unit disk $\mathbb{U}$
U
have been defined by means of basic (or q-)calculus and considered from many distinctive prospectives and viewpoints. In this paper, we generalize and study certain subclasses of analytic functions involving higher-order q-derivative operators. We settle characteristic equations for these presumably new classes and also study numerous coefficient inequalities. For the results obtained in this presentation, we also carry out appropriate connections with those in multiple other concerning works on this subject.
Lyapunov-type inequality and solution for a fractional differential equation
Authors: Ma Dexiang , Yang Zifa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the linear fractional differential equation
"Equation missing" By obtaining the Green’s function we derive the Lyapunov-type inequality for such a boundary value problem. Furthermore, we use the contraction mapping theorem to study the existence of a unique solution for the corresponding nonlinear problem.
Study of transmission dynamics of novel COVID-19 by using mathematical model
Authors: Ud Din Rahim , Shah Kamal , Ahmad Imtiaz , Abdeljawad Thabet 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this research work, we present a mathematical model for novel coronavirus-19 infectious disease which consists of three different compartments: susceptible, infected, and recovered under convex incident rate involving immigration rate. We first derive the formulation of the model. Also, we give some qualitative aspects for the model including existence of equilibriums and its stability results by using various tools of nonlinear analysis. Then, by means of the nonstandard finite difference scheme (NSFD), we simulate the results for the data of Wuhan city against two different sets of values of immigration parameter. By means of simulation, we show how protection, exposure, death, and cure rates affect the susceptible, infected, and recovered population with the passage of time involving immigration. On the basis of simulation, we observe the dynamical behavior due to immigration of susceptible and infected classes or one of these two.
On subclasses of analytic functions based on a quantum symmetric conformable differential operator with application
Authors: Ibrahim Rabha W. , Elobaid Rafida M. , Obaiys Suzan J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractQuantum calculus (the calculus without limit) appeared for the first time in fluid mechanics, noncommutative geometry and combinatorics studies. Recently, it has been included into the field of geometric function theory to extend differential operators, integral operators, and classes of analytic functions, especially the classes that are generated by convolution product (Hadamard product). In this effort, we aim to introduce a quantum symmetric conformable differential operator (Q-SCDO). This operator generalized some well-know differential operators such as Sàlàgean differential operator. By employing the Q-SCDO, we present subclasses of analytic functions to study some of its geometric solutions of q-Painlevé differential equation (type III).
Factors associated with early long-acting reversible contraceptives discontinuation in Ethiopia: evidence from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey
Authors: Fekadu Gedefaw Abeje , Omigbodun Akinyinka O. , Roberts Olumuyiwa A. , Yalew Alemayehu Worku 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Ethiopia is struggling to achieve the 2020 family planning target. But the current contraceptive prevalence uptake is low and dominated by short-acting methods. Contraceptive discontinuation rate is also high. This analysis was done to identify the reasons and factors associated with long-acting and reversible contraceptives (LARC) discontinuation in Ethiopia.

Methods
The unit of analysis was LARC-use episodes in the 5 years preceding the survey, generated from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. A total of 1385 LARC episodes were included. Data analysis was done using STATA 15. The event file generated from the contraceptive calendar was merged to the original data set to identify factors associated with LARC discontinuation. Univariate, bivariate and inferential analyses were done for 12 months LARC discontinuation.

Result
Approximately 82% of LARC episodes were implants. About 45% of intrauterine device (IUD) and 61% of implant episodes were discontinued by 36 months. Side effects and the desire to become pregnant were the main reasons for discontinuation. Women aged 25–34 (HR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.20–0.35) and those aged 35–49 (HR = 0.17; 95%CI: 0.11–0.26), women who participated in decision-making partially (HR = 0.53; 95%CI: 0.37–0.78), or fully (HR = 0.55; 95%CI: 0.40–0.74) and primiparous women (HR = 0.53, 95%CI: 0.33–0.86) had a lower hazard of discontinuing LARCs. On the other hand, women who had only primary education (HR = 1.32; 95%CI: 1.02–1.72) and women who were not sure about their fertility intention (HR = 2.11; 95%C: 1.28–3.46) had a higher likelihood of discontinuing these methods.

Conclusion
Majority of LARC episodes were discontinued early, mainly due to the desire for pregnancy or experience of side effects. Older women, particularly those involved in household decision-making, and primipara were less likely to discontinue LARC. Women with only primary education and those uncertain about their fertility intention had a higher likelihood of discontinuation. Family planning service providers should focus on fertility intention and side effects when counseling women for contraceptive choice. Improving women’s participation in household decision-making may decrease LARC discontinuation in Ethiopia.
The Portuguese version of the body investment scale: psychometric properties and relationships with disordered eating and emotion dysregulation
Authors: Vieira Ana Isabel , Fernandes Joana , Machado Paulo P. P. , Gonçalves Sónia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Body Investment Scale (BIS) in a nonclinical sample of students and a clinical sample of outpatients with eating disorders, to analyse the differences in the BIS factors between the samples and to explore the relationships among body investment, eating disorder symptoms and difficulties in emotion regulation.

Methods
The clinical (n = 93) and nonclinical (n = 448) samples completed self-report measures.

Results
In contrast to the nonclinical sample, confirmatory factor analysis showed an acceptable fit for the original four-factor solution of the BIS in the clinical sample. This scale also demonstrated adequate internal consistency in both samples. Significant differences in BIS factors were found between the samples; outpatients with eating disorders presented more negative feelings about the body, less comfort with touch and lower levels of body protection than those of the students. In the clinical sample, significant relationships were found between these factors and a higher severity of disordered eating, as well as between these factors and higher difficulties in emotion regulation.

Conclusions
The Portuguese version of the BIS is a psychometrically sound measure for the assessment of body investment, and it is especially appropriate in a clinical setting of outpatients with eating disorders.
Prevalence and determinants of self-reported high blood pressure among women of reproductive age in Benin: a population-based study
Authors: Ekholuenetale Michael , Barrow Amadou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Addressing chronic diseases is a challenge for healthcare systems worldwide, which have largely developed to deal with acute episodic care, rather than to provide organized care for people with age-long conditions. Therefore, exploring the prevalence and identifying the risk factors is a major approach to prevention and control of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and factors associated with self-reported high blood pressure among women of reproductive age in Benin.

Methods
We utilized population-based cross-sectional data from Benin Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS). BDHS 2017–18 is the round V of the survey. A total of 7712 women of reproductive age were included in this study. The outcome variable was self-reported high blood pressure. Percentages, chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression model were used to analyze the data. Results from the multivariable logistic model were presented as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and confidence interval (95%CI). The significance level was set at p < 0.05.

Results
The total prevalence of self-reported high blood pressure among women of reproductive age in The Gambia was about one-tenth (9.9%). Furthermore, geographical region was associated with high blood pressure. Women aged 45–49 years had increased odds of high blood pressure, when compared with women aged 15–19 years (aOR = 2.73; 95%CI: 1.10, 6.79). In addition, increased maternal enlightenment gave higher odds of high blood pressure, when compared to women with low maternal enlightenment (aOR = 1.41; 95%CI: 1.08, 1.84). Women with highest neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantaged status (poor women) had 30% reduction in the odds of high blood pressure, when compared with women of low neighbourhood socioeconomic disadvantaged status (aOR = 0.70; 0.50, 0.99). Women having increased lifetime number of sex partners (total of 3 lifetime number of sex partners: aOR = 1.40; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.94; more than 3 total lifetime number of sex partners: aOR = 1.53; 95%CI: 1.01, 2.32) were more likely to have high blood pressure, when compared to women with only one lifetime number of sex partner.

Conclusions
Emphasis on high blood pressure prevention methods and involvement of multiple sectors could help to disseminate health care interventions widely. Also, a concerted effort from the stakeholders in health care system and decision-makers is needed to address the drivers of high blood pressure while maintaining health system improvement strategies. The findings could prompt appropriate policy responses towards improving the knowledge and control of high blood pressure in Benin.
Immune reaction and regulation in transplantation based on pluripotent stem cell technology
Authors: Otsuka Ryo , Wada Haruka , Murata Tomoki , Seino Ken-ichiro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe development of pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-based technologies provides us a new therapeutic approach that generates grafts for transplantation. In order to minimize the risk of immune reaction, the banking of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from donors with homozygous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype is planned in Japan. Even though pre-stocked and safety validated HLA-homozygous iPSCs are selected, immunological rejection may potentially occur because the causes of rejection are not always due to HLA mismatches. A couple of studies concerning such immunological issues have reported that genetic ablation of HLA molecules from PSC combined with gene transduction of several immunoregulatory molecules may be effective in avoiding immunological rejection. Also, our research group has recently proposed a concept that attempts to regulate recipient immune system by PSC-derived immunoregulatory cells, which results in prolonged survival of the same PSC-derived allografts. PSC-based technologies enable us to choose a new therapeutic option; however, considering its safety from an immunological point of view should be of great importance for safe clinical translation of this technology.
Evidence on result-based financing in maternal and child health in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: James Nigel , Lawson Kenny , Acharya Yubraj 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Result-Based Financing (RBF) is an umbrella term for financial mechanisms that link incentives to outputs or outcomes. International development agencies are promoting RBF as a viable financing approach for the realization of universal health coverage, with numerous pilot trials, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). There is limited synthesized evidence on the performance of these mechanisms and the reasons for the lack of RBF institutionalization. This study aims to review the evidence of RBF schemes that have been scaled or institutionalized at a national level, focusing on maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) programming in LMICs.

Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The authors identified and reviewed country-level RBF evaluation reports for the period between January 2000 and June 2019. Data were extracted from both published and gray literature on RBF application in MNCH using a predesigned matrix. The matrix headers included country of application; program setting; coverage and duration; evaluation design and methods; outcome measures; and key findings. A content thematic analysis approach was used to synthesize the evidence and emerging issues.

Results
The review identified 13 reports from 11 countries, predominantly from Sub-Saharan Africa. Performance-based financing was the most common form of RBF initiatives. The majority of evaluation designs were randomized trials. The evaluations focused on outputs, such as coverage and service utilization, rather than outcomes. RBF schemes in all 11 countries expanded their scope, either geographically or accordingly in terms of performance indicators. Furthermore, only three studies conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis, and only two included a discussion on RBF’s sustainability. Only three countries have institutionalized RBF into their national policy. On the basis of the experience of these three countries, the common enabling factors for institutionalization seem to be political will, domestic fund mobilization, and the incorporation of demand-side RBF tools.

Conclusion
RBF evidence is still growing, partial, and inconclusive. This limited evidence may be one of the reasons why many countries are reluctant to institutionalize RBF. Additional research is needed, particularly regarding cost-effectiveness, affordability, and sustainability of RBF programs.
Informative missingness in electronic health record systems: the curse of knowing
Authors: Groenwold Rolf H. H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElectronic health records provide a potentially valuable data source of information for developing clinical prediction models. However, missing data are common in routinely collected health data and often missingness is informative. Informative missingness can be incorporated in a clinical prediction model, for example by including a separate category of a predictor variable that has missing values. The predictive performance of such a model depends on the transportability of the missing data mechanism, which may be compromised once the model is deployed in practice and the predictive value of certain variables becomes known. Using synthetic data, this phenomenon is explained and illustrated.