bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tunnel Intergrowth LixMnO2 Nanosheet Arrays as 3D Cathode for High‐Performance All‐Solid‐State Thin Film Lithium Microbatteries
Authors: Xia Qiuying , Zhang Qinghua , Sun Shuo , Hussain Fiaz , Zhang Chunchen , Zhu Xiaohui , Meng Fanqi , Liu Kaiming , Geng Hao , Xu Jing , Zan Feng , Wang Peng , Gu Lin , Xia Hui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAll‐solid‐state thin film lithium batteries (TFBs) are proposed as the ideal power sources for microelectronic devices. However, the high‐temperature (>500 °C) annealing process of cathode films, such as LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4, restricts the on‐chip integration and potential applications of TFBs. Herein, tunnel structured LixMnO2 nanosheet arrays are fabricated as 3D cathode for TFBs by a facile electrolyte Li+ ion infusion method at very low temperature of 180 °C. Featuring an interesting tunnel intergrowth structure consisting of alternating 1 × 3 and 1 × 2 tunnels, the LixMnO2 cathode shows high specific capacity with good structural stability between 2.0 and 4.3 V (vs. Li+/Li). By utilizing the 3D LixMnO2 cathode, all‐solid‐state LixMnO2/LiPON/Li TFB (3DLMO‐TFB) has been successfully constructed with prominent advantages of greatly enriched cathode/electrolyte interface and shortened Li+ diffusion length in the 3D structure. Consequently, the 3DLMO‐TFB device exhibits large specific capacity (185 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1), good rate performance, and excellent cycle performance (81.3% capacity retention after 1000 cycles), outperforming the TFBs using spinel LiMn2O4 thin film cathodes fabricated at high temperature. Importantly, the low‐temperature preparation of high‐performance cathode film enables the fabrication of TFBs on various rigid and flexible substrates, which could greatly expand their potential applications in microelectronics.
A New Anti‐Immune Evasion Strategy against Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Infections: Simulating Complement Immunotherapy Based on Complement‐Mimic Antibiotic Delivery System
Authors: Hou Xucheng , Zhang Wenxi , Meng Yansha , Zhou Wenkai , Peng Guanghua , Lei Jiongxi , Cong Shuangchen , Song Maoyuan , Li Guiling , Li Xinru 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMethicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can interfere with synergistic host defenses, thus escaping from immune surveillance. Herein, a new immunotherapy strategy‐simulating complement therapy is proposed. Two artificial effectors, Tat cell penetrating peptide and wheat germ agglutinin, are utilized to develop a multifunctional complement‐mimic liposome (CML) simultaneously delivering antibiotics and orchestrating the complement system with macrophages. The CML successfully simulates the functions of the complement system, including formation of a membrane attack complex, mediation of opsonophagocytosis, and activation of phagocytes. At infection sites, CMLs are able to recognize MRSA and disrupt bacterial permeation barriers (cell walls and cell membranes). Meanwhile, CMLs attached to the surface of MRSA are able to activate the phagocytosis and immune responses of macrophages. As a result, CMLs significantly increased the bacterial activity of clarithromycin both in vitro and in macrophages. Moreover, CMLs effectively reduced the MRSA burden in three infection models, including skin abscesses, pneumonia, and bacteremia mouse models. Therefore, the CML provides a novel strategy for overcoming bacterial immune evasion and sheds light on the development of immunotherapies for infectious diseases.
Nitric Oxide‐Driven Nanomotor for Deep Tissue Penetration and Multidrug Resistance Reversal in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wan Mi Mi , Chen Huan , Da Wang Zhong , Liu Zhi Yong , Yu Yue Qi , Li Lin , Miao Zhuo Yue , Wang Xing Wen , Wang Qi , Mao Chun , Shen Jian , Wei Jia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPoor permeation of therapeutic agents and multidrug resistance (MDR) in solid tumors are the two major challenges that lead to the failure of the current chemotherapy methods. Herein, a zero‐waste doxorubicin‐loaded heparin/folic acid/l‐arginine (HFLA‐DOX) nanomotor with motion ability and sustained release of nitric oxide (NO) to achieve deep drug penetration and effective reversal of MDR in cancer chemotherapy is designed. The targeted recognition, penetration of blood vessels, intercellular penetration, special intracellular distribution (escaping from lysosomes and accumulating in Golgi and nucleus), 3D multicellular tumor spheroids (3D MTSs) penetration, degradation of tumor extracellular matrix (ECM), and reversal of MDR based on the synergistic effects of the motion ability and sustained NO release performance of the NO‐driven nanomotors are investigated in detail. Correspondingly, a new chemotherapy mode called recognition‐penetration‐reversal‐elimination is proposed, whose effectiveness is verified by in vitro cellular experiments and in vivo animal tumor model, which can not only provide effective solutions to these challenges encountered in cancer chemotherapy, but also apply to other therapy methods for the special deep‐tissue penetration ability of a therapeutic agent.
Atomically dispersed Fe in a C2N Based Catalyst as a Sulfur Host for Efficient Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Liang Zhifu , Yang Dawei , Tang Pengyi , Zhang Chaoqi , Jacas Biendicho Jordi , Zhang Yi , Llorca Jordi , Wang Xiang , Li Junshan , Heggen Marc , David Jeremy , Dunin‐Borkowski Rafal E. , Zhou Yingtang , Morante Joan Ramon , Cabot Andreu , Arbiol Jordi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered to be one of the most promising next generation energy storage systems due to their high energy density and low material cost. However, there are still some challenges for the commercialization of LSBs, such as the sluggish redox reaction kinetics and the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPS). Here a 2D layered organic material, C2N, loaded with atomically dispersed iron as an effective sulfur host in LSBs is reported. X‐ray absorption fine spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations prove the structure of the atomically dispersed Fe/C2N catalyst. As a result, Fe/C2N‐based cathodes demonstrate significantly improved rate performance and long‐term cycling stability. Fe/C2N‐based cathodes display initial capacities up to 1540 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C and 678.7 mAh g−1 at 5 C, while retaining 496.5 mAh g−1 after 2600 cycles at 3 C with a decay rate as low as 0.013% per cycle. Even at a high sulfur loading of 3 mg cm−2, they deliver remarkable specific capacity retention of 587 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 C. This work provides a rational structural design strategy for the development of high‐performance cathodes based on atomically dispersed catalysts for LSBs.
Impact of the Coronavirus pandemic on plant purchasing in Southeastern United States
Authors: Campbell Benjamin L. , Rihn Alicia L. , Campbell Julie H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Coronavirus pandemic has resulted in firms and consumers quickly adjusting their shopping strategies to facilitate sales while maintaining safety recommendations. Two strategies frequently employed by plant retailers include curbside pickup and online sales/delivery. Using an online survey of Southeastern U.S. consumers, this study assessed the relationship between consumers' concerns related to the pandemic, stay‐at‐home orders, purchasing behaviors, and perceived future shopping habits. Interestingly, 57% of respondents indicated they were going to revert back to their prepandemic shopping habits after the pandemic. Respondents who had adopted online plant‐purchasing habits were less likely to revert back to their prepandemic habits, whereas respondents currently participating in the curbside pickup were more likely to go back to their prepandemic habits. Population density, income, and COVID‐19 concerns (index) also impacted postpandemic shopping habits or behavior. [EconLit Citations: Q13]
Use of shear wave elastography on the maternal cervix to recognise cervical insufficiency using a transabdominal ultrasound approach
Authors: O’Hara Sandra , Zelesco Marilyn , Sun Zhonghua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe ramifications of preterm birth on society and the role of cervical length in identifying cervical insufficiency are well known. The main goal of this work was to apply shear wave elastography to the maternal cervix to assess the stiffness of the cervix and identify cervical insufficiency, using a transabdominal ultrasound approach.MethodsMeasurements of shear wave speed were obtained using a transabdominal ultrasound approach, at the anterior and posterior portions of the internal and external cervical os on 504 participants. A total of 455 participants were contacted following the expected date of birth of the fetus and birth details were obtained.ResultsThe anterior and posterior portions of the internal os showed a significant correlation between shear wave speed and time until delivery of the fetus for women who gave birth spontaneously, with R2 Linear being 0.024 (P = 0.012) and 0.017 (P = 0.05) respectively, and these correlations increased for the group of participants that were scanned between the 18th and end of the 20th week of pregnancy to R2 Linear = 0.043 (P = 0.001) and 0.021 (P = 0.040) respectively. A ratio of internal os/external os anteriorly also showed a correlation of R2 Linear = 0.030 (P = 0.009).ConclusionA transabdominal ultrasound technique has identified a reduction in shear wave speeds at the internal os in the mid‐trimester, in women who had a subsequent preterm birth.
Whither wilderness? An investigation of technology use by long‐distance backpackers
Authors: Hyatt Ed , Harvey Morgan , Pointon Matthew , Innocenti Perla 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe popular outdoor pursuit of backpacking is profoundly changing as the community embraces contemporary information technologies. However, there is little empirical evidence on the adoption and use of consumer electronics by backpackers, nor the implications this has for their habits, practices, and interactions. We investigate long‐distance backpackers' articulations with mobile information technology during the TGO Challenge, a coast‐to‐coast crossing of the Scottish Highlands. By employing mixed methods, we explore how and why backpackers use such technology when planning and undertaking their journeys via a survey (n = 116), pre‐ and post‐challenge interviews with selected TGO participants, and daily in‐field video‐logs. Our results suggest many advantages to using technology in this context, including fluidity of communications and access, while noting that reliance on technology is leading to issues such as increased need for battery power management, and deskilling. The findings highlight implications for the juxtaposition between outdoor recreation, information behavior, and human computer interaction (HCI) and suggest future work in this area.
The use of virtual reality in the training of professionals: with the example of firefighters
Authors: Grabowski Andrzej , Jach Kamil 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe article presents a brief history of the development of virtual reality (VR), followed by a comprehensive literature overview on the matter as well as an example of the application of VR in the training of professionals on the example of firefighters. The history, starting in 1965 with the ideas, concepts, and solutions presented by the VR's “forefather”—Ivan Sutherland, delves into multiple projects. The literature review presents various examples of the use of VR in the training of professionals coming from multiple fields, such as medicine, psychology, forestry, iron casting, or construction. The case study shows it can be used to recreate even the most complex scenarios and surroundings, even those of the firefight in confined spaces where enclosed fires tend to appear and have been considered vastly hazardous for not only civilians or equipment but also to firefighters dispatched to contain them.
Cardiac and sudden death after chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention: Prognostic role of the target vessel
Authors: Scotti Andrea , Godino Cosmo , Munafò Andrea , Pivato Carlo A. , Chiarito Mauro , Fiore Giorgio , Di Maio Silvana , Vergara Pasquale , Della Bella Paolo , Carlino Mauro , Margonato Alberto , Colombo Antonio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of the target vessel in percutaneous revascularization of chronic total occlusion (CTO) is unclear.ObjectiveWe sought to assess the long‐term results of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for CTO lesions in each coronary artery and to investigate the impact of successful revascularization and previous myocardial infarction (MI) in the territory of the target vessel.Methods and ResultsCohort observational study on 1,124 patients who have undergone CTO PCI attempt: 371 on left anterior descending artery (LAD), 485 right coronary artery, and 268 left circumflex. Patients were further stratified by successfully revascularized and not‐revascularized CTO (CTO‐NR). Vessels affected by a previous MI were defined as infarct‐related artery (IRA). The primary endpoint was cardiac death; the secondary endpoint was the combined rate of sudden cardiac‐death and sustained ventricular‐arrhythmias (SCD/SVAs). Propensity score‐matching was performed to evaluate LAD versus NON‐LAD CTO. Up to 12‐year follow‐up, the clinical benefit associated with successful PCI was consistent across the three groups. CTO‐NR had the greatest association with cardiac death and SCD/SVAs in each coronary artery and in IRA‐CTO patients.ConclusionsUnsuccessful percutaneous CTO revascularization was associated with lower cardiac survival and freedom from SCD/SVAs, irrespective of the vessel treated. This result was mainly driven by patients with an IRA CTO.
Visual opsin expression and morphological characterization of retinal photoreceptors in the pouched lamprey (Geotria australis, Gray)
Authors: Warrington Rachael E. , Davies Wayne I. L. , Hemmi Jan M. , Hart Nathan S. , Potter Ian C. , Collin Shaun P. , Hunt David M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLampreys are extant members of the agnathan (jawless) vertebrates that diverged ~500 million years ago, during a critical stage of vertebrate evolution when image‐forming eyes first emerged. Among lamprey species assessed thus far, the retina of the southern hemisphere pouched lamprey, Geotria australis, is unique, in that it possesses morphologically distinct photoreceptors and expresses five visual photopigments. This study focused on determining the number of different photoreceptors present in the retina of G. australis and whether each cell type expresses a single opsin class. Five photoreceptor subtypes were identified based on ultrastructure and differential expression of one of each of the five different visual opsin classes (lws, sws1, sws2, rh1, and rh2) known to be expressed in the retina. This suggests, therefore, that the retina of G. australis possesses five spectrally and morphologically distinct photoreceptors, with the potential for complex color vision. Each photoreceptor subtype was shown to have a specific spatial distribution in the retina, which is potentially associated with changes in spectral radiance across different lines of sight. These results suggest that there have been strong selection pressures for G. australis to maintain broad spectral sensitivity for the brightly lit surface waters that this species inhabits during its marine phase. These findings provide important insights into the functional anatomy of the early vertebrate retina and the selection pressures that may have led to the evolution of complex color vision.
Assessment of Vedolizumab Disease‐Drug‐Drug Interaction Potential in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Sun Wan , Lirio Richard A. , Schneider Jennifer , Aubrecht Jiri , Kadali Harisha , Baratta Mike , Gulati Parul , Suri Ajit , Lin Tiffany , Vasudevan Raghavan , Rosario Maria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDisease‐drug‐drug interactions (DDDIs) have been identified in some inflammatory diseases in which elevated proinflammatory cytokines can downregulate the expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, potentially increasing systemic exposure to drugs metabolized by CYPs. Following anti‐inflammatory treatments, CYP expression may return to normal, resulting in reduced drug exposure and diminished clinical efficacy. Vedolizumab has a well‐established positive benefit‐risk profile in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) and has no known systemic immunosuppressive activity. A stepwise assessment was conducted to evaluate the DDDI potential of vedolizumab to impact exposure to drugs metabolized by CYP3A through cytokine modulation. First, a review of published data revealed that patients with UC or CD have elevated cytokine concentrations relative to healthy subjects; however, these concentrations remained below those reported to impact CYP expression. Exposure to drugs metabolized via CYP3A also appeared comparable between patients and healthy subjects. Second, serum samples from patients with UC or CD who received vedolizumab for 52 weeks were analyzed and compared with healthy subjects. Cytokine concentrations and the 4β‐hydroxycholesterol‐to‐cholesterol ratio, an endogenous CYP3A4 biomarker, were comparable between healthy subjects and patients both before and during vedolizumab treatment. Finally, a medical review of postmarketing DDDI cases related to vedolizumab from the past 6 years was conducted and did not show evidence of any true DDDIs. Our study demonstrated the lack of clinically meaningful effects of disease or vedolizumab treatment on the exposure to drugs metabolized via CYP3A through cytokine modulation in patients with UC or CD.
Alcohol intake potentiates clozapine adverse effects associated to CYP1A2*1C in patients with refractory psychosis
Authors: Ortega‐Vázquez Alberto , Mayen‐Lobo Yerye G. , Dávila‐Ortiz de Montellano David J. , Tristán‐López Luis , Aviña‐Cervantes Carlos L. , Ríos Camilo , López‐López Marisol , Monroy‐Jaramillo Nancy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractClozapine (CLZ) is an atypical antipsychotic and the gold standard for refractory psychosis treatment. However, there is little information regarding pharmacogenetics of CLZ in patients with refractory psychosis and its clinical correlation with alcohol intake. Although neurological effects of CLZ in patients with concomitant alcohol intake are documented, its use is very common in patients with psychosis. We explored the impact of CYP1A2, CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4 genetic variants on CLZ pharmacokinetics and side effects, along with coffee/alcohol/tobacco consumption habits and clinical data of 48 adult patients with refractory psychosis on CLZ antipsychotic monotherapy. Relevant CYP variants in CLZ metabolism were evaluated by targeted genotyping and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification. CLZ and its main metabolite plasma concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Biochemical and molecular data, along with other potential confounders, were included in the analysis by linear regression. Overall, CYP variants showed no effect on CLZ pharmacokinetics. The rs2069514 variant in homozygous genotype (also known as CYP1A2*1C/*1C) was associated with CLZ adverse reactions in Mexican patients with refractory psychosis (OR = 3.55 CI95 = 1.041–12.269, p = .043) and demonstrated that this effect is doubled by concomitant alcohol consumption (OR = 7.9 CI95 = 1.473–42.369, p = .016). Clinicians should be aware of this information before starting CLZ use, when treating patients with refractory psychosis, who are alcohol drinkers and carriers of this genetic variant in order to prevent CLZ‐related adverse reactions. Nevertheless, our findings should be replicated in larger samples.
Being bullied and using drugs are associate with eating disorder symptoms in Brazilian students
Authors: Galvão Patricia Paiva de O. , Valente Juliana Y. , Almeida Mireille Coêlho , Gubert Fabiane A. , Rebouças Lidiane , Mari Jair , Caetano Sheila C. , Sanchez Zila M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study's main purpose is to evaluate factors associated with eating disorder (ED) symptoms among Brazilian adolescents.MethodThe sample consisted of 5,213 students, mean age 13.24 (SD ±0.01), in the eighth grade of 93 public schools from three Brazilian cities. Data were collected through an anonymous self‐report questionnaire, assessing: sociodemographics, use of alcohol, tobacco, illicit drugs, binge drinking, bullying, and ED symptoms. We used confirmatory factor analysis and multivariate linear regression.ResultsWe found that high levels of bullying victimization, binge drinking and the use of unprescribed weight‐loss substances were associated with higher levels of ED symptoms to both genders. However, only among girls, the higher age (β = .10; 95% CI = 0.02; 0.17) and the use of illicit drugs (β = .21; 95% CI = 0.094; 0.34) were associated with increase in the ED symptoms.DiscussionWe demonstrate a significant association of ED symptoms with drug use and bullying, highlighting the importance of addressing these factors in the development of ED prevention strategies.
Cerebral cortical thickness and surface area in adolescent anorexia nervosa: Separate and joint analyses with a permutation‐based nonparametric method
Authors: Myrvang Anna D. , Vangberg Torgil R. , Stedal Kristin , Rø Øyvind , Endestad Tor , Rosenvinge Jan H. , Aslaksen Per M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveReduction in cerebral volume is often found in underweight patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), but few studies have investigated other morphological measures. Cortical thickness (CTh) and surface area (CSA), often used to produce the measure of cortical volume, are developmentally distinct measures that may be differentially affected in AN, particularly in the developing brain. In the present study, we investigated CTh and CSA both separately and jointly to gain further insight into structural alterations in adolescent AN patients.MethodThirty female AN inpatients 12–18 years of age, and 27 age‐matched healthy controls (HC) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Group differences in CTh and CSA were investigated separately and jointly with a permutation‐based nonparametric combination method (NPC) which may be more sensitive in detecting group differences compared to traditional volumetric methods.ResultsResults showed significant reduction in in both CTh and CSA in several cortical regions in AN compared to HC and the reduction was related to BMI. Different results for the two morphological measures were found in a small number of cortical regions. The joint NPC analyses showed significant group differences across most of the cortical mantle.DiscussionResults from this study give novel insight to areal reduction in adolescent AN patients and indicate that both CTh and CSA reduction is related to BMI. The study is the first to use the NPC method to reveal large structural alterations covering most of the brain in adolescent AN.