bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The linkage between box-counting and geomorphic fractal dimensions in the fractal structure of river networks: the junction angle
Authors: Meng Xianmeng , Zhang Pengju , Li Jing , Ma Chuanming , Liu Dengfeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the past, a great deal of research has been conducted to determine the fractal properties of river networks, and there are many kinds of methods calculating their fractal dimensions. In this paper, we compare two most common methods: one is geomorphic fractal dimension obtained from the bifurcation ratio and the stream length ratio, and the other is box-counting method. Firstly, synthetic fractal trees are used to explain the role of the junction angle on the relation between two kinds of fractal dimensions. The obtained relationship curves indicate that box-counting dimension is decreasing with the increase of the junction angle when geomorphic fractal dimension keeps constant. This relationship presents continuous and smooth convex curves with junction angle from 60° to 120° and concave curves from 30° to 45°. Then 70 river networks in China are investigated in terms of their two kinds of fractal dimensions. The results confirm the fractal structure of river networks. Geomorphic fractal dimensions of river networks are larger than box-counting dimensions and there is no obvious relationship between these two kinds of fractal dimensions. Relatively good non-linear relationships between geomorphic fractal dimensions and box-counting dimensions are obtained by considering the role of the junction angle.
Hydrological risk: modeling flood memory and human proximity to rivers
Authors: Ridolfi Elena , Mondino Elena , Di Baldassarre Giuliano 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recent literature in sociohydrology has shown the important role of flood memory in shaping hydrological risk. In this paper, we present a system dynamics model of human–flood interactions that simulates how the river proximity of human settlements is altered by changes in flood memory. We also compare our model outcomes with an unprecedented dataset consisting of historical and archeological observations of human settlements in the Czech Republic that have been affected by major flood events. This comparison allows us to evaluate the potentials and limitations of our sociohydrological model in capturing essential features of flood risk changes, including the process of resettling farther and closer to the river. Our results show that the accumulation (and decay) of collective memory has potential in explaining temporal changes of flood risk driven by the occurrence (or absence) of major events. As such, this study contributes to advancing knowledge about the complex dynamics of human–water systems, while providing useful insights in the field of flood risk reduction.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of the water quality in the Jinsha River Basin (Panzhihua, China)
Authors: Yang Yan , Huang Xing , Zhu Xiaohua , Zhou Yiyang , Zhang Liuqing , Zhang Yiming , Zhou Guobiao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Spatiotemporal changes in the water quality index are important measures with which to analyze water quality. Fifteen water quality indices at the Longdong, Luoguo, and Jinjiang stations in the Panzhihua Section of the Jinsha River Basin from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed using cluster analysis (CA), discriminant analysis (DA), independent sample t-test and correlation analysis. The results of CA showed that the months can be divided into the following groups based on the similarities in the water quality characteristics: group 1 (dry season), January-April and December; group 2 (flood season), August-September; and group 3 (flat season), May-July and October-November. In group 1 the river is remarkably polluted. The main parameters that distinguish the spatial differences are pH level, chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll a, fecal coliforms, and electrical conductivity. All sections of the river meet the National Level III standard, and the water quality of the Jinsha River is generally good. Spatial results show that the Luoguo station is seriously polluted compared with the other two stations. Significant negative correlation is found between forest land and COD (P &lt; 0.05). Therefore, the management of land use and pollutant discharge should still be strengthened in the Luoguo section to improve the overall water quality of the Jinsha River.
Pesquisa e formação docente na escola
Authors: Cosme de Carvalho Maria Vilani , Junqueira de Aguiar Wanda Maria , Antonio Alfredo Raquel 
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é a exposição da defesa de que a autoconfrontação, sob a mediação da crítica e da autocrítica, pode promover pesquisa e formação docente, favorecendo movimentos de transformação da prática docente e, talvez, por consequência, da realidade escolar. O eixo teórico-metodológico é fundamentado no materialismo histórico dialético, com destaque às categorias singularidade, particularidade e universalidade; ao conceito de vida cotidiana e à autoconfrontação, como procedimento metodológico não restrito à produção descritiva da prática docente. Conclui-se que, promovendo o encontro do docente com sua própria prática, sob a finalidade de se constituir novo contexto, se pode realizar tanto o processo de produção da pesquisa, quanto o de formação e de transformação da prática docente.
Palavras-Chave: Pesquisa e Formação Docente; Autoconfrontação; Prática Docente. Vida Cotidiana.
The Place of Pharmacotherapy in Alcohol Use Disorder Management in Family Practice - A Systematic Review
Authors: Morgane Guillou L. , Delphine Le G. , Guillaume Kergoat , Yves Le-Reste J. 
Published: October 2020

Background and Aims:
Alcohol use disorders (AUD) are among the most prevalent mental disorders
around the world, yet still remain the most undertreated. Many studies report the low rate of treatment uptake,
less than 20%, among people with AUD. Among those accessing care, a large majority only approach
their GP for help. Therefore, primary care is a strategic setting for the identification and the management of
AUD. International recommendations stress AUD pharmacotherapy for withdrawal and craving management,
but very few studies have shown interest in the management of AUDs in primary care. The main objective of
this study was to analyse pharmacotherapy in AUD management in primary care by means of a systematic literature
review.

Methods:
A systematic literature review (PRISMA) was carried out. 5 databases were screened: PUBMED via
MEDLINE, LiSSa, the SUDOC catalogue, PASCAL and EMBASE. Search algorithms were used integrating
the concepts of pharmacotherapy management, alcohol use disorders and primary care, only in the English language.

Results:
296 studies were selected and 10 were included. One was a follow-up study on the national prescription
database, while four were cross-sectional studies with an auto-questionnaire survey. Of the 10 studies included,
two were conducted in Europe, five in North America, two in Australia and one in South Africa. These
pharmacotherapy studies were concerned with the anti-craving treatment, and 3 types of medications were
used: Disulfiram, Acamprosate and Naltrexone. Factors identified as limiting or facilitating prescriptions concerned
cost, indications, efficacy, training and adjuncts to pharmacotherapy.

Conclusion:
Knowledge and prescription of pharmacotherapy for AUD, more specifically, anti-craving treatment,
is insufficient in primary care. There is a lack of data and studies on the efficacy of anti-craving treatment
in primary care. Guidelines for AUD management, including psychological and medical management and pharmacotherapy,
do exist but have not been adapted to primary care practice. Barriers and facilitators of pharmacotherapy
prescription in AUD in primary care were identified in this study.
5-HT3 Receptor Antagonism: A Potential Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Depression and other Disorders
Authors: Bhatt Shvetank , Devadoss Thangaraj , Manjula Santhepete Nanjundaiah , Rajangam Jayaraman 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Depression or Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prolonged condition
of sadness. MDD is the most common mental disorder that affects more than 264 million people
worldwide. According to the monoamine hypothesis, serotonin (5-hydroxy tryptamine, 5-HT), dopamine
(DA) and norepinephrine (NE) are the major neurotransmitters (NTs) involved in depression.

Methods:
The methodology adopted for writing this review article is essentially based on the secondary
literature search through a systematic literature review. This review mainly focussed on
the role of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (5-HT3RA) in depression and comorbid disorders like anxiety.

Results:
Out of three major NTs mentioned above, serotonin has a predominant role in the pathophysiology
of depression. The serotonin type-3 receptors (5-HT3R) are well renowned to be expressed
in the central nervous system (CNS) in regions which have significance in the vomiting reflex,
perception of pain, the reward system, cognition, depression and anxiety control. 5-HT3R are
the receptors of serotonergic family that belong to ligand-gated ion channel. 5-HT3RA inhibit the
binding of serotonin to postsynaptic 5-HT3R and increases its availability to other receptors like 5-
HT1A, 1B and 1D as well as 5-HT2 receptors and produces anti-depressant-like effect. 5-HT3RA also
have an important role in mood and stress disorders. Some of the studies have shown the effectiveness
of these agents in stress disorder.

Conclusion:
The present article focussed on the role of 5-HT3R and their antagonists in the treatment
of depression and anxiety. Further studies are warranted to prove their efficacy with respect
to other standard anti-depressants.
Open Access Journals: A Boon or Bane for Early Career Researchers in India
Authors: Sundramoorthy Ashok K. 
Published: October 2020

Background :
It is demonstrated that for a junior research faculty in India, proper guidelines
and funding resources are required to publish research articles in the Open Access (OA) journals.
Recently, many of the important scientific journals are turned out to be OA journals. When we
need to publish in an OA journal, the funding support for article processing charge (APC) is uncertain
due to the limited funds or absence of institutional level support.

Objective:
To find out the total number of open access and subscription based articles published
from the top ten countries in the scientific journals up to July 2020.

Materials and Methods:
For the data collection, a keyword of “Chemistry” was used in all fields in
the “Scopus database” on 07 July 2020.

Results:
From the articles published by top ten countries, it was found that USA has published
more number of publications (open access plus subscription based) followed by China, Japan,
Germany, UK, India, France, Canada, Italy, and the Russian Federation. However, if we carefully
look at the total numbers of OA publications up to July 2020, Japan (33.47%) has published more
percentage of OA documents compared to UK (26.92%), Germany (24.63%) and the USA
(24.53%). In this list, India (13.02%) and the Russian Federation (10.14%) have published the lowest
numbers of OA publications compared to other countries.

Conclusion:
It was found that about ~50% of OA publications resulted from India might come
from collaborative research. The APC may be supported by other countries along with India. In
addition, it was obvious that the Indian Institute of Science (IISC) had published the highest OA
papers, followed by CSIR India and the University of Delhi. From the past ten years, OA publications
from India were doubled in number from 2011 to July 2020. However, it requires further efforts
to increase our scientific progress and research accomplishments by the number of publications,
patents, and commercial products to support the Make in India.
Hubungan Jumlah Tenaga Perawat dengan Beban Kerja Perawat Pelaksana di Ruang Rawat Inap Kelas III RSUD Wates
Authors: Rizky Wahyu , Darmaningtyas Nurharyanti , Yulitasari Brune Indah 
Published: October 2020

<p>Jumlah perawat di seluruh dunia menurut WHO ada 19,3 juta perawat, sedangkan di Indonesia terdapat 147,264. Secara nasional, rasio perawat adalah 87,65 per 100.000 penduduk, masih jauh dari target tahun 2019a yaitu 180 per 100.000 penduduk. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tenaga perawat masih sangat terbatas, dan keterbatasanA ini bisa menyebabkan beban kerja perawat menjadi tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisa hubungan jumlah tenaga perawat dengan beban kerja perawat pelaksana. metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif korelasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampling dengan total sampling. Analisa data bivariat menggunakan uji statistik kendal tau dengan SPSS 22. Hasil penelitian ini dari total 41 responden yang menunjukkan beban kerjanya tinggi sebanyak 32 responden (78%) dengan jumlah perawat yang tersedia di bangsal masih kurang dari jumlah ideal menurut perhitungan Depkes. Uji Kendal’s Tau menunjukkan nilai ρ value sebesar 0,000 &lt;0,05(α:0,05) yang artinya terdapat hubungan antara jumlah tenaga perawat dengan beban kerja perawat pelaksana. Kesimpulan beban kerja paling tinggi terdapat di bangsal dengan jumlah tenaga perawat yang kurang dari jumlah ideal sesuai perhitungan Depkes.</p><p> </p><p><strong>K</strong><strong>ata kunci </strong>: jumlah tenaga perawat, beban kerja, perawat pelaksana</p>
Light-Induced Fluorescence-Based Device and Hybrid Mobile App for Oral Hygiene Management at Home: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Kim Jun-Min , Lee Woo Ram , Kim Jun-Ho , Seo Jong-Mo , Im Changkyun 
Published: October 2020

Background
Dental diseases can be prevented through the management of dental plaques. Dental plaque can be identified using the light-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique that emits light at 405 nm. The LIF technique is more convenient than the commercial technique using a disclosing agent, but the result may vary for each individual as it still requires visual identification.

Objective
The objective of this study is to introduce and validate a deep learning–based oral hygiene monitoring system that makes it easy to identify dental plaques at home.

Methods
We developed a LIF-based system consisting of a device that can visually identify dental plaques and a mobile app that displays the location and area of dental plaques on oral images. The mobile app is programmed to automatically determine the location and distribution of dental plaques using a deep learning–based algorithm and present the results to the user as time series data. The mobile app is also built with convergence of naive and web applications so that the algorithm is executed on a cloud server to efficiently distribute computing resources.

Results
The location and distribution of users’ dental plaques could be identified via the hand-held LIF device or mobile app. The color correction filter in the device was developed using a color mixing technique. The mobile app was built as a hybrid app combining the functionalities of a native application and a web application. Through the scrollable WebView on the mobile app, changes in the time series of dental plaque could be confirmed. The algorithm for dental plaque detection was implemented to run on Amazon Web Services for object detection by single shot multibox detector and instance segmentation by Mask region-based convolutional neural network.

Conclusions
This paper shows that the system can be used as a home oral care product for timely identification and management of dental plaques. In the future, it is expected that these products will significantly reduce the social costs associated with dental diseases.
ReMindCare App for Early Psychosis: Pragmatic Real World Intervention and Usability Study
Authors: Bonet Lucia , Torous John , Arce David , Blanquer Ignacio , Sanjuan Julio 
Published: October 2020

Background
eHealth interventions are widely used in clinical trials and increasingly in care settings as well; however, their efficacy in real-world contexts remains unknown. ReMindCare is a smartphone app that has been systematically implemented in a first episode of psychosis program (FEPP) for patients with early psychosis since 2018.

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of ReMindCare after 19 months of use in the clinic and varying use by individual patients.

Methods
The integration of the ReMindCare app into the FEPP started in October 2018. Patients with early psychosis self-selected to the app (ReMindCare group) or treatment as usual (TAU group). The outcome variables considered were adherence to the intervention and number of relapses, hospital admissions, and visits to urgent care units. Data from 90 patients with early psychosis were analyzed: 59 in the ReMindCare group and 31 in the TAU group. The mean age of the sample was 32.8 (SD 9.4) years, 73% (66/90) were males, 91% (83/90) were White, and 81% (74/90) were single.

Results
Significant differences between the ReMindCare and TAU groups were found in the number of relapses, hospitalizations, and visits to urgent care units, with each showing benefits for the app. Only 20% (12/59) of patients from the ReMindCare group had a relapse, while 58% (18/31) of the TAU patients had one or more relapses (χ2=13.7, P=.001). Moreover, ReMindCare patients had fewer visits to urgent care units (χ2=7.4, P=.006) and fewer hospitalizations than TAU patients (χ2=4.6, P=.03). The mean of days using the app was 352.2 (SD 191.2; min/max: 18-594), and the mean of engagement was 84.5 (SD 16.04).

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first eHealth intervention that has preliminarily proven its benefits in the real-world treatment of patients with early psychosis.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.1111/eip.12960
Muros Discursivos: mapeamento da cobertura trans pela Folha de S.Paulo entre 1960 e 2017
Authors: Picchiai Daniela , Martinez Monica , Azoubel Diogo 
Published: October 2020

Este mapeamento aborda quase 6 mil textos da cobertura trans publicados na Folha de S.Paulo entre 1960 e 2017 e parte da compreensão da mídia como agente fundamental na esfera das representações, influenciando diretamente a dinâmica das sociedades contemporâneas. A reflexão sobre os discurso e narrativas veiculadas nesse periódico, em que as travestis e transexuais paulatinamente migram das associações às artes e espetáculos (23,19% das ocorrências), publicadas no caderno Ilustrada, passando a ser associadas à marginalidade e criminalidade (36,88% do total), no Cotidiano, revela fluxo discursivo das citações em direção aos anúncios de prostituição, fato que nos convida a percorrer essa narrativa histórica a fim de problematizar como tais conteúdos se configuram na atualidade.
Detection of structural alterations in metal bodies: An approximation using Fourier transform and principal component analysis (PCA)
Authors: Tarazona Brayan Eduardo , Sandoval R Camilo Leonardo , Cárdenas Arias Carlos Gerardo , Ascanio V. Javier Gonzalo , Valencia N. Jhon Jairo 
Published: October 2020

In this theme some advances have been developed, verified in the background, where attempts have been made to determine the existence of structural alterations such as perforations, defective welding and dents in metal structures; a pattern of mechanical vibration that allows to differentiate each alteration has not yet been clearly defined. In this work, the data taking was carried out taking into account the position of the sensors, two beams were added without alteration, in order to be able to interact with the five configurations, which were adopted for the experimental design. To the tests of repeated measurements, in each configuration, analysis (ANOVA) was used for the validation of NULL hypotheses, and thus to determine the number of test to be treated. After having the defined matrices representing each configuration, in each anomaly, it is necessary to apply the principal component Analysis (PCA), to the data obtained by the calculation of the fast Fourier transform (FFT). And thus determine the number of components by means of three Criteria (Jollife, Kaiser and PVA), using a classification algorithm, which evaluates the percentage of classification vs lower standard deviation. In this analysis the descriptors were not calculated but the main components of each criterion were taken as a description tool. The process of extraction of characteristics was fundamental to determine the proper configuration in each alteration (fissure, welded, perforated, deformed). On the other hand, statistical parameters were calculated (average, standard deviation, variation factor, Euclidean distance) of each anomaly. Taking as descriptors.
Income Smoothing as Rational Equilibrium Behavior? A Second Look
Authors: Hemmer Thomas 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
In this paper I revisit the issue of real income smoothing in the setting used by Lambert (1984). I demonstrate that the particular effect identified in his paper is actually an error: under his assumptions, there is no input-driven equilibrium income smoothing of the type he suggests. There are, however, several other drivers of equilibrium behavior ignored in that paper. In this paper, I identify those and, for the particular model structure, show that when all effects are considered together, there is little support for the suggestion that second-best earnings generally are being smoothed through the equilibrium behavior.
Contrasting Associations Between Diabetes and Cardiovascular Mortality Rates in Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: Cohort Study Data From 143,567 Individuals in 21 Countries in the PURE Study
Authors: Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Mohan Viswanathan , Rangarajan Sumathy , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Venkatesan Ulagamadesan , Sheridan Patrick , Dagenais Gilles R. , Lear Scott A. , Teo Koon , Karsidag Kubilay , Alhabib Khalid F. , Yusoff Khalid , Ismail Noorhassim , Mony Prem K. , Lopez-Jaramillo Patricio , Chifamba Jephat , Palileo-Villanueva Lia M. , Iqbal Romaina , Yusufali Afzalhussein , Kruger Iolanthe M. , Rosengren Annika , Bahonar Ahmad , Zatonska Katarzyna , Yeates Karen , Gupta Rajeev , Li Wei , Hu Lihua , Rahman M. Omar , Lakshmi P.V.M. , Iype Thomas , Avezum Alvaro , Diaz Rafael , Lanas Fernando , Yusuf Salim 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE
We aimed to compare cardiovascular (CV) events, all-cause mortality, and CV mortality rates among adults with and without diabetes in countries with differing levels of income.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study enrolled 143,567 adults aged 35–70 years from 4 high-income countries (HIC), 12 middle-income countries (MIC), and 5 low-income countries (LIC). The mean follow-up was 9.0 ± 3.0 years.

RESULTS
Among those with diabetes, CVD rates (LIC 10.3, MIC 9.2, HIC 8.3 per 1,000 person-years, P &lt; 0.001), all-cause mortality (LIC 13.8, MIC 7.2, HIC 4.2 per 1,000 person-years, P &lt; 0.001), and CV mortality (LIC 5.7, MIC 2.2, HIC 1.0 per 1,000 person-years, P &lt; 0.001) were considerably higher in LIC compared with MIC and HIC. Within LIC, mortality was higher in those in the lowest tertile of wealth index (low 14.7%, middle 10.8%, and high 6.5%). In contrast to HIC and MIC, the increased CV mortality in those with diabetes in LIC remained unchanged even after adjustment for behavioral risk factors and treatments (hazard ratio [95% CI] 1.89 [1.58–2.27] to 1.78 [1.36–2.34]).

CONCLUSIONS
CVD rates, all-cause mortality, and CV mortality were markedly higher among those with diabetes in LIC compared with MIC and HIC with mortality risk remaining unchanged even after adjustment for risk factors and treatments. There is an urgent need to improve access to care to those with diabetes in LIC to reduce the excess mortality rates, particularly among those in the poorer strata of society.