bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Working Mother, Husband’s Support, and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Working Area of Padang Serai Primary Health Care Bengkulu City
Authors: Khairani Nurul , Suryani Suryani , Effendi S. , Wulandika Herly 
Published: July 2020

The bad impact caused by not giving exclusive breastfeeding is the baby's immune system decreases, disruption of baby's growth and development, increases the risk of disease, and is susceptible to bacteria causing diarrhea. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, working mothers and husband's support with exclusive breastfeeding in Padang Serai Public Health Center in Bengkulu. This type of research was an analytical survey using Cross Sectional design. The sample in this research was mothers who had babies over the age of 6-12 months in Baruna 3 Posyandu and Baruna 2 Posyandu and the sampling used Accidental Sampling techniques, which were as many as 34 mothers. Data collection used primary data and secondary data. This study used the Chi-Square test (Pearson Chi-Square) and Contingency Cofficient. The results of this research were obtained from 34 mothers, there were 17 mothers (50.0%) with less knowledge, 25 mothers (73.5%) who did not work outside the home, 19 mothers (55.9%) whose husbands not supportive and 26 mothers (76.5%) who did not give exclusive breastfeeding, there was a significant relationship between knowledge of mothers with exclusive breastfeeding, there was no significant relationship between mothers working with exclusive breastfeeding, and no significant relationship between husband's support with exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of Padang Serai Health Center in Bengkulu City. It was expected for mothers who had babies to be able to take part in health promotion activities, read books about ASI, to increase their knowledge of the importance of Exclusive Breastfeeding. Keywords: exclusive breastfeeding, husband’s support, knowledge, working mother
A bűnüldözés és a bűnmegelőzés rendészettudományi tényezői című tudományoskonferencia-kötetről
Authors: Éberhardt Gábor 
Published: July 2020

The mentioned scientific conference volume which is a real book in the classical typographic sense of the word. The appearance with the white, glossy soft cover adoring sciences and including 357 numbered pages confirm for the readers to have here many useful things to read. On the cover grows apparent the label in border guards’ green, with the emblematic figure of border guards, the Turul bird holding a sword with the claws, is already indicative for the producers of the volume. Pécs, indicated as the place of publishing, was the centre of the suspended Boarder Guard till the end of 2007. Within the Hungarian Border Science Association founded In the time of system change was in the Section Border Police active from 1991 (later Section Border Guard) set up the professional group Pécs by eight enthusiastic and science appreciating border guard officers in 2000. This guard, celebrating his 20th anniversary next year, organised its first conference in connection with the feast day of St. László one year after its foundation. The first scientific book was published in 2002 and this year’s volume has the number XXI.
Origin of Sources of Repeating Fast Radio Bursts with Periodicity in Close Binary Systems
Authors: Popov Sergei B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is proposed that sources of repeating fast radio bursts with detected periodicity are magnetars with extremely short initial spin periods at the protoneutron star stage, formed in binaries after tidal synchronization of their progenitor cores during late stages of thermonuclear burning in very close systems with orbital periods about a few days. This formation channel is in several respects different from evolution of progenitors of normal magnetars, and thus, it explains some differences between repeating and non-repeating sources of fast radio bursts.
A Search for Bursts from FRB 191228 in Breakthrough Listen Archival Data
Authors: Kumar Pravir , Price Danny C. , Deller Adam T. , Gajjar Vishal , Shannon Ryan M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We describe archival Breakthrough Listen (BL) observations of Fomalhaut which is within the 90% confidence localization region of FRB 191228. We report non-detection of any radio bursts in a total of 6.4 hr of BL data.
Dynamical Masses of Young Stars Inferred from Two Transitions of CO with ALMA
Authors: Premnath Pranav H. , Wu Ya-Lin , Bowler Brendan P. , Sheehan Patrick D. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Stellar masses are fundamental but often difficult to measure. Thanks to the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and Gaia, dynamical masses of pre-main sequence stars can be precisely measured using the Keplerian rotation of protoplanetary disks. We used ALMA CO(2−1) and CO(3−2) observations of CT Cha and DS Tau to determine their masses by modeling the geometry, kinematics, and physical properties of their disks with a Bayesian-based radiative transfer modeling code (pdspy). We found that the posterior distributions of the masses from the two transitions are inconsistent at the 2–4σ level. These systematic errors may originate from assumptions in the disk model, or perhaps the modest spatial or spectral resolutions used in this study. Regardless, this indicates that dynamical mass measurements using disk kinematics should be treated with caution when using only a single transition line because of these systematic errors.
Perceptions of alien plants and animals and acceptance of control methods among different societal groups
Authors: Höbart Raphael , Schindler Stefan , Essl Franz 
Published: July 2020

Biological invasions are a widespread phenomenon and cause substantial impacts on the natural environment and human livelihoods. Thus, the European Union (EU) recently adopted Regulation No 1143/2014 to limit the negative impacts of invasive alien species (IAS). For implementing IAS management and policies, public support is highly and increasingly important, especially when it comes to charismatic species and lethal methods. Recognising the importance of the interaction of public perception with acceptance of IAS management methods, we used an online survey targeting three different stakeholder groups in Austria to evaluate potential differences in perception of IAS and management methods.
In total, we received 239 completed responses: 20 nature users (farmers, hunters), 91 nature experts (conservationists, biologists) and 128 from the general public. Participants were more likely to accept lethal management methods when it was an IAS. Nature experts’ acceptance of IAS management methods was rather similar to those of nature users, while the general public preferred non-lethal methods. Chemical lethal methods (herbicides, poison pellets) received low rates of acceptance throughout all stakeholder groups, although nature users were more open to accept such methods for plants. Most respondents (&gt; 50%) were not aware of the role of the EU in IAS topics nor did they know of the existence of the EUIAS regulation 1143/2014. However, more than 75% of respondents agreed that IAS measures and regulations should be implemented at EU level.
This study shows that knowledge about native versus invasive alien status has an influence on the acceptance of management methods. Nature users may have higher levels of acceptance of lethal methods because they are economically dependent on extracting resources from nature. Invasive alien species regulations on EU level are generally acceptable, but there is low awareness for actions already undertaken EU.
Mortality among Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis: A Large-scale Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Ben-Shabat Niv , Tiosano Shmuel , Shovman Ora , Comaneshter Doron , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Cohen Arnon D. , Amital Howard 
Published: July 2020

Objective.Studies regarding mortality among patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) have yielded conflicting results. Thus in this large population-based study we aimed to examine whether GCA is associated with increased mortality, and if so, the effect of age at diagnosis and sex on the association.Methods.We used the medical database of Clalit Health Services for this retrospective cohort study. Followup was from January 1, 2002, and continued until death or end of followup on September 1, 2018. Incident GCA patients were compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Estimated median survival times were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. HR for all-cause mortality were obtained by the Cox proportional hazard model, adjusted for sociodemographic variables and cardiovascular risk factors.Results.The study included 7294 patients with GCA and 33,688 controls. The mean age at start of followup was 72.1 ± 9.9 years with 69.2% females. Estimated median survival time was 13.1 years (95% CI 12.6–13.5) in patients with GCA compared with 14.4 years (95% CI 14.1–14.6) in controls (p < 0.001). The multivariate analysis demonstrated increased mortality risk in the first 2 years after diagnosis (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04–1.25) and > 10 years after diagnosis (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02–1.3). The mortality risk was higher in patients diagnosed at ≤ 70 years of age [HR 1.5 (95% CI 1.14–1.99) 0–2 yrs; HR 1.38 (95% CI 1.1–1.7) > 10 yrs].Conclusion.Patients with GCA have a minor decrease in longterm survival compared to age- and sex-matched controls. The seen difference is due to excess mortality in the first 2 years, and > 10 years after diagnosis. Patients diagnosed ≤ 70 years of age are at greater risk.
“Unspoken Questions”: A Qualitative Study of Rheumatologists’ Perspectives on the Clinical Implementation of Patient-reported Outcome Measures
Authors: Kasturi Shanthini , Wong John B. , Mandl Lisa A. , McAlindon Timothy E. , LeClair Amy 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo identify rheumatologists’ views on perceived barriers and facilitators to the clinical implementation of patient-reported outcome measures (PROM).MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with academically affiliated clinical rheumatologists. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Deidentified transcripts were independently coded and analyzed for themes.ResultsFifteen attending rheumatologists, 8 women (53%) and 7 men (47%) with a mean of 17.3 years in practice (range 5–43) at 2 urban academic medical centers, participated in interviews. Rheumatologists identified several barriers to integrating PROM in clinical care, highlighting physician buy-in and culture change as significant challenges beyond logistical considerations. They further underscored the lack of effective interventions and resources for addressing the domains of most interest to patients. Physicians also recognized significant benefits of PROM in clinical care, including contributing to the clinical impression by providing the patient perspective, and promoting agenda setting by uncovering “unspoken questions.” They additionally noted that PROM could support treatment planning, build patient-physician relationships, and facilitate patient engagement. Participants suggested that technology, physician education, and team-based care could facilitate the effective implementation of PROM.ConclusionRheumatologists identified multiple mechanisms through which PROM could augment clinical care, but also noted several obstacles to implementation, questioning the added value of PROM and the limited availability of interventions to improve patient-centered outcomes. Programs seeking to successfully integrate PROM to enhance patient-centered care and meet quality benchmarks should prioritize physician buy-in and training, and provide resources to address the outcomes that are measured.
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to Promote Building Developers Safety Performance in the Construction Industry
Authors: Mahmoud Abubakar Sadiq , Hamdan Ahmad Mohd , Mohd Yatim Yahya , Aminu Dodo Yakubu 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study is to establish key performance indicators (KPIs) that can be deployed in the evaluation and promotion of safety performance of building developer`s in NigeriaDesign/methodology/approach: A thorough review of the literature was performed to generally identify sets of KPIs used to evaluate the safety performances of building developer`s during construction. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with eleven (11) subject matter experts and professionals to ensure inclusion, validation and clarity of the indicators and to further provide agreement/disagreement, and importance ratings for the identified KPIs. The KPIs was grouped into appropriate categories, keeping out redundant KPIs, and ensuring KPIs are clear and measurable. The Relative Importance Index (RII) and Mean values were computed.Findings: Results from the study consist of 137 KPIs, grouped into 9 categories including: Planning, design and procurement, communication on & maintenance of effective safety behaviour, construction safety policy, construction safety personnel, management effort and support, safety training and enlightenment, administration of safety processes, investigation and reporting of accidents, and rewards and sanctions for project stakeholders. These KPIs were observed to be at different levels of importance from the respondents. The following KPIs were considered based on their extreme importance judging from the respective RII values: communicating safety requirements to designer (98.18%), safety performance set as part of contractor selection criterion (96.36%), availability and accessibility of the relevant insurance policies (98.18%) and appropriate issuance of motivational directives by the top management (100%).Originality/value: Many studies have been done in the past where KPIs as it relates to construction safety were identified. However, the specificity of these KPIs to countries other than Nigeria requires similar research be conducted to identify building developer safety performance KPIs for the Nigerian construction industry.
Impact of Exposure to Patient Death or Near Death on Compassion Fatigue in Pediatric Intensive Care Nurses
Authors: Richardson Kyle S. , Greenle Meredith MacKenzie 
Published: July 2020

Background
Compassion fatigue affects up to 40% of health care professionals who work in intensive care settings. Frequent exposure to the death of patients, particularly children, may put nurses at risk for compassion fatigue, but the relation between these is unclear among those working in pediatric intensive care units.

Objectives
To examine the relationship between exposure to the death or near death of a pediatric patient and compassion fatigue, specifically the outcomes of compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress.

Methods
Pediatric and neonatal intensive care nurses were surveyed about their exposure to patient death and near-death experiences. They were asked to respond to the Professional Quality of Life Scale, which has 3 subscales that measure compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress. Bivariate and multivariate linear regression modeling was used to identify correlates of these outcomes.

Results
Of the 65 respondents, 94% were female, 41% were aged 31 to 45 years, and 71% had a bachelor’s degree. No significant relationship was found between nurses’ experiences of patient death or near death and their compassion satisfaction, burnout, or secondary traumatic stress. Significant correlates of compassion satisfaction and burnout included educational level and an age-experience interaction.

Conclusions
No relationship seems to exist between nurses’ experiences of patient death or near death and their compassion satisfaction, burnout, or secondary traumatic stress. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of educational attainment on nurse outcomes and determine how best to support nurses who are at risk for compassion fatigue.
Relationship Between Intensive Care Unit Delirium Severity and 2-Year Mortality and Health Care Utilization
Authors: Andrews Patricia S. , Wang Sophia , Perkins Anthony J. , Gao Sujuan , Khan Sikandar , Lindroth Heidi , Boustani Malaz , Khan Babar 
Published: July 2020

Background
Critical care patients with delirium are at an increased risk of functional decline and mortality long term.

Objective
To determine the relationship between delirium severity in the intensive care unit and mortality and acute health care utilization within 2 years after hospital discharge.

Methods
A secondary data analysis of the Pharmacological Management of Delirium and Deprescribe randomized controlled trials. Patients were assessed twice daily for delirium or coma using the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Delirium severity was measured using the CAM-ICU-7. Mean delirium severity (from time of randomization to discharge) was categorized as rapidly resolving, mild to moderate, or severe. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to model time to death, first emergency department visit, and rehospitalization. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, Charlson Comorbidity Index, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, discharge location, diagnosis, and intensive care unit type.

Results
Of 434 patients, those with severe delirium had higher mortality risk than those with rapidly resolving delirium (hazard ratio 2.21; 95% CI, 1.35-3.61). Those with 5 or more days of delirium or coma had higher mortality risk than those with less than 5 days (hazard ratio 1.52; 95% CI, 1.07-2.17). Delirium severity and number of days of delirium or coma were not associated with time to emergency department visits and rehospitalizations.

Conclusion
Increased delirium severity and days of delirium or coma are associated with higher mortality risk 2 years after discharge.
Dual Roles of PU.1 in the Expression of PD-L2: Direct Transactivation with IRF4 and Indirect Epigenetic Regulation
Authors: Inaba Keito , Yashiro Takuya , Hiroki Ikumi , Watanabe Ryosuke , Kasakura Kazumi , Nishiyama Chiharu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
PD-L2, which has been identified as a PD-1 ligand, is specifically expressed in dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages. The transcription factors that determine the cell type-specific expression of PD-L2 are largely unknown, although PD-1 and its ligands, which have been shown to play important roles in T cell suppression, have been vigorously analyzed in the field of cancer immunology. To reveal the mechanism by which Pdcd1lg2 gene expression is regulated, we focused on DCs, which play key roles in innate and acquired immunity. The knockdown of the hematopoietic cell–specific transcription factors PU.1 and IRF4 decreased PD-L2 expression in GM-CSF–induced mouse bone marrow–derived DCs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, luciferase assays, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that PU.1 and IRF4 bound directly to the Pdcd1lg2 gene via an Ets-IRF composite element sequence and coordinately transactivated the Pdcd1lg2 gene. Furthermore, PU.1 knockdown reduced the histone acetylation of the Pdcd1lg2 gene. The knockdown of the typical histone acetyltransferase p300, which has been reported to interact with PU.1, decreased the expression and H3K27 acetylation of the Pdcd1lg2 gene. GM-CSF stimulation upregulated the Pdcd1lg2 gene expression, which was accompanied by an increase in PU.1 binding and histone acetylation in Flt3L-generated mouse bone marrow–derived DCs. The involvement of PU.1, IRF4, and p300 were also observed in mouse splenic DCs. Overall, these results indicate that PU.1 positively regulates Pdcd1lg2 gene expression as a transactivator and an epigenetic regulator in DCs.
KLRG1+ Memory CD8 T Cells Combine Properties of Short-Lived Effectors and Long-Lived Memory
Authors: Renkema Kristin R. , Huggins Matthew A. , Borges da Silva Henrique , Knutson Todd P. , Henzler Christy M. , Hamilton Sara E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
CD8 effector T cells with a CD127hi KLRG1− phenotype are considered precursors to the long-lived memory pool, whereas KLRG1+CD127low cells are viewed as short-lived effectors. Nevertheless, we and others have shown that a KLRG1+CD127low population persists into the memory phase and that these T cells (termed long-lived effector cells [LLEC]) display robust protective function during acute rechallenge with bacteria or viruses. Whether these T cells represent a true memory population or are instead a remnant effector cell population that failed to undergo initial contraction has remained unclear. In this study, we show that LLEC from mice express a distinct phenotypic and transcriptional signature that shares characteristics of both early effectors and long-lived memory cells. We also find that in contrast to KLRG1+ effector cells, LLEC undergo homeostatic proliferation and are not critically dependent on IL-15 for their maintenance. Furthermore, we find that LLEC are predominantly derived from KLRG1+ effector cells when isolated at day 12 of the response. Our work challenges the concept that the KLRG1+CD127low population is dominated by short-lived cells and shows that KLRG1 downregulation is not a prerequisite to become a long-lived protective memory T cell.
C5aR2 Activation Broadly Modulates the Signaling and Function of Primary Human Macrophages
Authors: Li Xaria X. , Clark Richard J. , Woodruff Trent M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The complement activation fragment C5a is a potent proinflammatory mediator that is increasingly recognized as an immune modulator. C5a acts through two C5a receptors, C5aR1 (C5aR, CD88) and C5aR2 (C5L2, GPR77), to powerfully modify multiple aspects of immune cell function. Although C5aR1 is generally acknowledged to be proinflammatory and immune-activating, the potential roles played by C5aR2 remain poorly defined. Despite studies demonstrating C5aR2 can modulate C5aR1 in human cells, it is not yet known whether C5aR2 functionality is limited to, or requires, C5aR1 activation or influences immune cells more broadly. The present study, therefore, aimed to characterize the roles of C5aR2 on the signaling and function of primary human monocyte–derived macrophages, using a C5aR2 agonist (Ac-RHYPYWR-OH; P32) to selectively activate the receptor. We found that although C5aR2 activation with P32 by itself was devoid of any detectable MAPK signaling activities, C5aR2 agonism significantly dampened C5aR1-, C3aR-, and chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1)–mediated ERK signaling and altered intracellular calcium mobilization mediated by these receptors. Functionally, selective C5aR2 activation also downregulated cytokine production triggered by various TLRs (TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7), C-type lectin receptors (Dectin-1, Dectin-2, and Mincle), and the cytosolic DNA sensor stimulator of IFN genes (STING). Surprisingly, activity at the C-type lectin receptors was particularly powerful, with C5aR2 activation reducing Mincle-mediated IL-6 and TNF-α generation by 80–90%. In sum, this study demonstrates that C5aR2 possesses pleiotropic functions in primary human macrophages, highlighting the role of C5aR2 as a powerful regulator of innate immune function.