bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of connective tissue grafting on buccal bone changes based on cone beam computed tomography scans in the esthetic zone of single immediate implants: A 1‐year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zuiderveld Elise G. , van Nimwegen Wouter G. , Meijer Henny J.A. , Jung Ronald E. , Mühlemann Sven , Vissink Arjan , Raghoebar Gerry M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundConnective tissue grafting has a beneficial effect on the peri‐implant mucosa, but the effect of grafting the buccal mucosa on buccal bone thickness (BBT) has not been investigated, although BBT is proposed to be a key factor for the soft‐tissue contour. The aim of this trial was to assess the outcome of a connective tissue graft (CTG) in the esthetic zone of single immediate implants on the change of BBT according to cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan analysis.MethodsIn a 1‐year randomized controlled trial, 60 patients received an immediately placed implant and provisionalization, either combined with CTG (test group) or without CTG (control group). CBCTs were taken preoperatively (Tpre) and 1 year after definitive restoration (T2). Any change in BBT was assessed at different implant levels. Additionally, the change in mid‐buccal mucosal level (MBML) and approximal marginal bone level were assessed.ResultsFifty‐five patients were available for statistical analysis (test group, n = 28; control group, n = 27). At T2, the average change in BBT was significantly larger in the test group (−0.84 ± 0.61 mm) than in the control group (−0.46 ± 0.54 mm, P = 0.02). A MBML gain of 0.07 ± 0.85 mm in the test and a MBML loss −0.52 ± 1.16 mm in the control group was observed at T2. Average loss of marginal bone was 0.05 ± 0.33 mm and 0.01 ± 0.38 mm, respectively.ConclusionsThe application of CTG in the esthetic zone of immediately placed and provisionalized implants is accompanied with more loss of BBT, but at the same time better maintains the mid‐buccal mucosal level.
Influence of restorative design on the progression of peri‐implant bone loss: A retrospective study
Authors: Majzoub Jad , Chen Zhaozhao , Saleh Islam , Askar Houssam , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundClinical data on the restorative designs affecting the early progression of peri‐implantitis are scarce. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the influence of several restorative factors (e.g., restoration emergence angle, and internal screw length/diameter) on the marginal bone loss around implants with peri‐implantitis.MethodsImplants diagnosed with peri‐implantitis having 1‐ (T1) and 2‐year (T2) follow‐ups were included. In addition, within 6 months pre‐diagnosis (Tb), all cases required to have full documentation in which no evidence of peri‐implantitis was not indicated. Changes in marginal bone levels (MBLs) from Tb to T1 and from T1 to T2 were evaluated. The effect of several variables on MBLs changes was assessed via univariate and multivariate generalized estimating equations.ResultsEighty‐three bone‐level implants from 65 patients were selected. The mean follow‐up before peri‐implantitis diagnosis was 99.47 ± 47.93 months. The radiographic mean marginal bone loss was 1.52 ± 1.33 mm (Tb to T1) and 0.58 ± 0.52 mm (T1 to T2). Restoration emergence angle and frequency of maintenance visits significantly affected MBLs from Tb to T1. Besides, 66.3% of the included implants’ bone levels were in a zone within 1 mm of the apical end of the internal screw at T1 and remained in this zone during the second follow‐up year.ConclusionsSignificant marginal bone loss occurred in the early post‐diagnosis period of peri‐implantitis, which could be affected by the restoration emergence angle. Peri‐implant MBLs were frequently located in a zone within 1 mm of the apical end of the internal screw.
Towards more Ecofriendly Pesticides: Use of Biosurfactants Obtained from the Corn Milling Industry as Solubilizing Agent of Copper Oxychloride
Authors: López‐Prieto Alejandro , Moldes Ana B. , Cruz Jose M. , Pérez Cid Benita 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCopper oxychloride (Cu‐Oxy) is a widely used copper‐based fungicide. A drawback of the product is its very low water solubility (around 0.2%) which limits its fungicide efficiency due to the low‐penetrating capacity in the fungal mycelia. In this study, we have explored the use of biosurfactants (BS), surface‐active compounds obtained by microbial production, to enhance the solubility of Cu‐Oxy in agrochemical formulations. A BS extracted from corn steep liquor (CSL), a residue from the corn‐milling industry, was evaluated as an additive to increase the solubility of Cu‐Oxy in water. Different types of synthetic surfactants (Tween® 80, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)) were included for comparison. Results showed that it was possible to dissolve around 90% of Cu‐Oxy at concentration of 4 g L−1 in 20 min of contact time when the BS was added at the concentration of 20 g L−1. In contrast, the synthetic surfactants were only able to dissolve less than 0.5% of Cu‐Oxy under the same conditions. In addition, a factorial design was carried out in order to evaluate the influence of BS concentration, Cu‐Oxy concentration and contact time, on the solubilization of Cu‐Oxy. Maximum percentage of solubilization (96.5%) was achieved at concentrations of 16.1 g L−1 of BS, 2 g L−1 of Cu‐Oxy, and 20 min of contact time. These results allowed to conclude that BS extracted from CSL could be included in agrochemical formulations as solubilizing agents improving the stability of hydrophobic active principles and reducing the concentration needed of chemical pesticides, giving eco‐friendlier formulations.
Proteomic analysis of the seeds of transgenic rice lines and the corresponding nongenetically modified isogenic variety
Authors: Liu Weixiao , Chen Hao , Li Liang , Dong Mei , Zhang Zhe , Wan Yusong , Jin Wujun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAn isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)‐based proteomic analysis was employed to study the seeds of two genetically modified (GM) rice lines, T2A‐1 and T1C‐19, and their nontransgenic isogenic variety, MH63, to investigate the unintended effects of genetic modification.RESULTSA total of 3398 proteins were quantitatively identified. Seventy‐seven differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified in the T2A‐1/MH63 comparison, and 70 and 7 of these DAPs were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. A pathway enrichment analysis showed that most of these DAPs participated in metabolic pathways and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and were ribosome components. Some 181 DAPs were identified from the T1C‐19/MH63 comparison, and these included 115 upregulated proteins and 66 downregulated proteins. The subsequent pathway enrichment analysis showed that these DAPs mainly participated in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms and were ribosome components. None of these DAPs were identified as new unintended toxins or allergens, and only changes in abundance were detected. Fifty‐four co‐DAPs were identified in the seeds of the two GM rice lines, and protein–protein interaction analysis of these co‐DAPs demonstrated that some interacting proteins were involved in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and metabolic pathways, whereas others were identified as ribosome components. Representative co‐DAPs and proteins related to nutrients were analyzed using qRT‐PCR to determine their transcriptional levels.CONCLUSIONSThe results suggested that the seed proteomic profiles of the two GM rice lines studied were not substantially altered from those of their natural isogenic control. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Interactions between dietary fiber and ferulic acid change the aggregation of glutenin, gliadin and glutenin macropolymer in wheat flour system
Authors: Feng Yulin , Zhang Huijuan , Fu Bingbing , Iftikhar Maryam , Liu GuoYan , Wang Jing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDGlutenin macropolymer (GMP), glutenin and gliadin proteins are important indicators of the baking quality of dough. This study investigated the impacts of wheat bran and a mixture of ferulic acid (FA) and dietary fiber (DF) on the constitution of gluten proteins. Addition of wheat bran (100 and 150 g kg−1) into gluten decreased the gliadin/glutenin ratio, while the addition of different amounts of FA + DF (C1 group: 20 g kg−1 FA and 60 g kg−1 DF; C2 group: 30 g kg−1 FA and 90 g kg−1 DF) had the opposite effect.RESULTSThe GMP contents of wheat bran groups (B1 group: 100 g kg−1; B2 group: 150 g kg−1) were similar to that of the control group, and disulfide bond contents were increased. However, both GMP and disulfide bond contents of FA + DF groups significantly decreased. The GMP gel properties and microstructures were destroyed after addition of wheat bran and FA + DF. The wheat bran and FA + DF additives induced different effects on the thermal properties and secondary structures of glutenin, gliadin and GMP.CONCLUSIONSThe results suggest that the interaction mechanism of bran fractions and gluten proteins is not only related to the physicochemical properties of the additives, but also to interactions between the additives and the components of gluten protein. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Extrahepatic recurrence rates in patients receiving adjuvant hepatic artery infusion and systemic chemotherapy after complete resection of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Srouji Rami M. , Narayan Raja R. , Boerner Thomas , Buisman Florian E. , Seier Kenneth , Gonen Mithat , Balachandran Vinod P. , Drebin Jeffrey A. , Jarnagin William R. , Kingham T. Peter , Wei Alice , Kemeny Nancy E. , D'Angelica Michael I. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigated the effect of the reduced dose of systemic chemotherapy (SYS) on recurrence patterns in patients receiving adjuvant hepatic artery infusion (HAI) chemotherapy after complete colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) resection.MethodsPatients undergoing complete CRLM resection between 2000 and 2007 were selected from a prospectively maintained database and categorized as receiving SYS or HAI + SYS. Those with pre and/or intraoperative extrahepatic disease, documented death, or recurrence within 30 days of CRLM resection were excluded. Competing risk, Fine and Gray's tests were used to compare SYS versus HAI + SYS for time‐to‐organ recurrence.ResultsOf 361 study patients, 153 (42.4%) received SYS and 208 (57.6%) received HAI + SYS. The median follow‐up for survivors was 100 (range = 12–185) and 156 months (range = 18–217) for SYS and HAI + SYS, respectively. The 5‐year cumulative incidence (CI) of any liver recurrence was greater for those receiving SYS (SYS = 41.9% vs. HAI + SYS = 28.6%, p = .005). The 5‐year CI of developing any lung or extrahepatic recurrence for SYS patients was 36.2% and 47.9% compared with 44.5% (p = .242) and 51.7% (p = .551), respectively, in patients receiving HAI + SYS.ConclusionDespite the reduced dose of SYS, adjuvant HAI + SYS after CRLM resection is not associated with a significantly increased risk of extrahepatic recurrence.
Homogeneous conversion of NOx and NH3 with CH4, CO, and C2H4 at the diluted conditions of exhaust‐gases of lean operated natural gas engines
Authors: Schmitt Steffen , Schwarz Sabrina , Ruwe Lena , Horstmann Jacqueline , Sabath Franziska , Maier Lubow , Deutschmann Olaf , Kohse‐Höinghaus Katharina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUnderstanding gas‐phase reactions in model gas mixtures approximating pre‐turbine heavy‐duty natural gas engine exhaust compositions containing NO, NH3, NO2, CH4, CO, and C2H4 is extremely relevant for aftertreatment procedure and catalyst design and is thus addressed in this work. In a plug‐flow reactor at atmospheric pressure, five different model gas mixtures were investigated in the temperature range of 700‐1 200 K, using species analysis with electron ionization molecular‐beam mass spectrometry. The mixtures were designed to reveal influences of individual components by adding NO2, CH4, CO, and C2H4 sequentially to a highly argon‐diluted NO/NH3 base mixture. Effects of all components on the reactivity for NOx conversion were investigated both experimentally as well as by comparison with three selected kinetic models. Main results show a significantly increased reactivity upon NO2 and hydrocarbon addition with lowered NO conversion temperatures by up to 200 K. Methane was seen to be of dominant influence in the carbon‐containing mixtures regarding interactions between the carbon and nitrogen chemistry as well as formaldehyde formation. The three tested mechanisms were capable to overall represent the reaction behavior satisfactorily. On this basis, it can be stated that significant gas‐phase reactivity was observed among typical constituents of pre‐turbine natural gas engine exhaust at moderate temperature.
Preliminary evidence that letters to the editor are indexed inconsistently in PubMed and in exercise science and physical therapy journals: Implications and resolutions
Authors: Nuzzo James L. 
Published: September 2020

Key points
Letters to the editor are important to science because they are a form of post‐publication review.
Examination of 3,203 letters published in exercise science and physical therapy journals revealed letters are indexed inconsistently.
Issues exist with letter titles, letter authorship, and letter digital object identifiers (DOIs) and PubMed identifiers (PMIDs).
Implications are that some letters are difficult to discover and cite, and some letter writers are not recognized for their intellectual contributions.
Resolutions include indexing letters in PubMed under the “letter” [pt] search term and indexing each letter with the author's name, a distinct but consistently formatted title, and a unique DOI and PMID.
Climate and food web effects on the spring clear‐water phase in two north‐temperate eutrophic lakes
Authors: Matsuzaki Shin‐Ichiro S. , Lathrop Richard C. , Carpenter Stephen R. , Walsh Jake R. , Vander Zanden M. Jake , Gahler Mark R. , Stanley Emily H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough climate change has shifted the phenological timing of plankton in lakes, few studies have explicitly addressed the relative contributions of climate change and other factors, including planktivory and nutrient availability. The spring clear‐water phase is a period of marked reduction in algal biomass and increased water transparency observed in many lakes. Here, we quantified the phenological patterns in the start date, maximum date, duration, and magnitude of the clear‐water phase over 38 yr in Lakes Mendota and Monona, and examined the effects of water temperature, total phosphorus, and food web structure (proportion of large‐bodiedDaphnia pulicariaand density of invasiveBythotrephes) and interactions between temperature and other predictors on these clear‐water phase metrics. We found that climate and food web structure affected the clear‐water phase, but the effects differed among the metrics. Higher water temperature led to earlier clear‐water phase start dates and maximum dates in both lakes. The proportion ofD. pulicariaaffected all clear‐water phase metrics in both lakes. WhenD. pulicariaproportion was higher, the clear‐water phase occurred earlier, lasted longer, and the water was clearer. Moreover, highBythotrephesdensity delayed clear‐water phase start dates (both lakes), and decreased clear‐water phase duration (Lake Mendota) in the following year. These results suggest that variation in food web structure changes the full phenological dynamics of the clear‐water phase, while variation in climate condition affects clear‐water phase timing only. Our findings highlight the importance of large‐bodied grazers for managing water quality under climate change.
Effects of Lugol's iodine on long‐term preservation of marine plankton samples for molecular and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses
Authors: Sano Masayoshi , Makabe Ryosuke , Kurosawa Norio , Moteki Masato , Odate Tsuneo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCarbon and nitrogen stable isotope and molecular analyses are common tools for marine ecological and biological research. However, it is difficult to fix samples for both analyses using only one preservative. A solution of potassium iodide and iodine (known as Lugol's iodine solution) is considered to be a suitable preservative; however, the effectiveness of Lugol's iodine solution for long‐term preservation of samples for stable isotope analysis and molecular analysis has not yet been investigated. We tested the effectiveness of 5% and 10% Lugol's iodine solutions by comparing them with marine plankton samples preserved in a 5% formalin solution, as well as preserved by freezing. Although δ13C and δ15N values of samples fixed in 5% formalin and 5% Lugol's iodine solution were significantly different from those of frozen samples, there were no significant differences in both δ13C and δ15N values between samples fixed in 10% Lugol's iodine solution and frozen samples, when preserved for a duration from 1 week up to 6 months. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay of samples fixed in 10% Lugol's iodine solution after 18 months of preservation succeeded; however, the DNA in samples fixed in 5% formalin and 5% Lugol's iodine solution could not be amplified using PCR. There was no difference in the sequences of partial 18S rRNA genes between samples fixed in 10% Lugol's solution and frozen samples. Thus, we conclude that 10% Lugol's solution is a suitable fixative for both of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope and molecular analyses.
Steering Directional Light Emission and Mode Chirality through Postshaping of Cavity Geometry
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Tang Min , Yang Yue‐De , Yin Yin , Chen Yan , Saggau Christian Niclaas , Zhu Minshen , Yuan Xiaobo , Karnaushenko Dmitriy , Huang Yong‐Zhen , Ma Libo , Schmidt Oliver G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDielectric optical microcavities have been explored as an excellent platform to manipulate the light flow and investigate non‐Hermitian physics in open optical systems. For whispering gallery mode optical microcavities, modifying the rotational symmetry is highly desirable for intriguing phenomena such as degenerated chiral modes and directional light emission. However, for the state‐of‐the‐art approaches, namely deforming the cavity geometry by precision lithography or introducing local scatterers near the cavity boundary via micromanipulation, there is a lack of flexibility in fine‐adjusting of chiral symmetry and far‐field emission direction. Here, precise engineering of cavity boundary using electron‐beam‐induced deposition is reported based on rolled‐up nanomembrane‐enabled spiral‐shaped microcavities. The deformation of outer boundary results in delicate tailoring of asymmetric backscattering between the outer and inner rolling edges, and hence deterministically strong mode chirality. Besides, the crescent‐shaped high‐index nanocap leads to modified light tunneling channels and inflected far‐field emission angle. It is envisioned that such a localized deposition‐assisted technique for adjusting the structural deformation of 3D optical microcavities will be highly useful for understanding rich insights in non‐Hermitian photonics and unfolding exotic properties on lasing, sensing, and cavity quantum electrodynamics.
DNA Methylation as a Potential Molecular Mechanism in X‐linked Dystonia‐Parkinsonism
Authors: Krause Christin , Schaake Susen , Grütz Karen , Sievert Helen , Reyes Charles Jourdan , König Inke R. , Laabs Björn‐Hergen , Jamora Roland Dominic , Rosales Raymond L. , Diesta Cid Czarina E. , Pozojevic Jelena , Gemoll Timo , Westenberger Ana , Kaiser Frank J. , Klein Christine , Kirchner Henriette 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundX‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism is a neurodegenerative movement disorder. The underlying molecular basis has still not been completely elucidated, but likely involves dysregulation of TAF1 expression. In X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism, 3 disease‐specific single‐nucleotide changes (DSCs) introduce (DSC12) or abolish (DSC2 and DSC3) CpG dinucleotides and consequently sites of putative DNA methylation. Because transcriptional regulation tightly correlates with specific epigenetic marks, we investigated the role of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism.MethodsDNA methylation at DSC12, DSC3, and DSC2 was quantified by bisulfite pyrosequencing in DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes, fibroblasts, induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cortical neurons and brain tissue from X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism patients and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy Filipino controls in a prospective study.ResultsCompared with controls, X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism patients showed striking differences in DNA methylation at the 3 investigated CpG sites. Using methylation‐sensitive luciferase reporter gene assays and immunoprecipitation, we demonstrated (1) that lack of DNA methylation because of DSC2 and DSC3 affects gene promoter activity and (2) that methylation at all 3 investigated CpG sites alters DNA–protein interaction. Interestingly, DSC3 decreased promoter activity per se compared with wild type, and promoter activity further decreased when methylation was present. Moreover, we identified specific binding of proteins to the investigated DSCs that are associated with splicing and RNA and DNA binding.ConclusionsWe identified altered DNA methylation in X‐linked dystonia‐parkinsonism patients as a possible additional mechanism modulating TAF1 expression and putative novel targets for future therapies using DNA methylation‐modifying agents. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Asymmetric single stub‐tapped stepped‐impedance unit for compact rat‐race coupler with ultra‐wide range harmonic suppression
Authors: Vuppuloori Ravi Sekhara Reddy , Velidi Vamsi Krishna , Bhima Prabhakara Rao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA design of compact rat‐race coupler (RRC) with very wide‐range spurious suppression is presented using transmission line (TL) based asymmetric single stub‐tapped stepped‐impedance units. The main advantages of proposed unit are 2fold. First, unlike regular single stub TL units, the present unit facilitates realizable high (low) impedance values for smaller electrical length series‐arm (shunt open‐stub) resulting in great extent of size reduction (harmonic suppression) without degradation in coupler bandwidths. Second, the number of open‐stubs in the RRC can be reduced to three by connecting the proposed units back‐to‐back, which is not possible in using other TL units. Theoretical analysis is provided with design equations and graphs. A prototype high performance compact RRC at f0 = 0.5 GHz, targeted at a size reduction of about 75% and ultra‐wide range suppressed harmonic response, extended up to 12f0, is demonstrated with good 20 dB return loss bandwidth of 26%.