bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal nutrition intervention focused on the adjustment of salt and sugar intake can improve pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Seo Yuri , Jeong Yeon Seon , Koo Kyung‐A , Yang Jeong In , Park Yoo Kyoung 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDue to the increasing age of pregnant women, maternal nutrition management is becoming more important. Since pregnant women are more likely to consume sodium and sugars than nonpregnant women of the same age, we investigated whether maternal nutrition intervention focused on the adjustment of salt and sugar intake can help pregnancy outcome. This randomized controlled trial was performed on 142 pregnant women within 22 weeks of gestational age for at least 16 weeks until childbirth. Subjects were unequally assigned to the intervention group (n = 98) and the control group (n = 44). Dietary changes based on perceived taste preferences were evaluated by 24‐hr dietary recall and food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) at pre‐ and postintervention. In the intervention group, while the intakes of energy, protein, and vitamins were maintained, the intakes of sodium (p < .001) and sugar from processed food (p < .05) were significantly reduced after the intervention. The decreases in salt and sugar consumption were more pronounced in the mothers who had a high preference for saltiness and sweetness. The mean neonatal birth weight of the intervention group was significantly greater than the weight of control group, (3,251.5 ± 402.2 g vs. 2,974.5 ± 294.8 g, p < .05). Through this study, nutrition intervention was found to be effective for the formation of healthy eating habits such as reduced salt and sugar intake in pregnant women especially with a high preference for saltiness and sweetness. Also, such specialized maternal nutrition intervention during pregnancy promotes the birth of healthy newborn babies of normal weight.
Effects of PPAR‐γ agonists on oral cancer cell lines: Potential horizons for chemopreventives and adjunctive therapies
Authors: Hall Jeffrey A. , Rusten Mark , Abughazaleh Raed D. , Wuertz Beverly , Souksavong Vannesa , Escher Paul , Ondrey Frank 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma (PPAR‐γ) activators have anti‐cancer effects. Our objective was to determine the effect of PPAR‐γ ligands 15‐deoxy‐D12,14‐Prostaglandin J2 (15‐PGJ2) and ciglitazone on proliferation, apoptosis, and NF‐κB in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.MethodsNA and CA9‐22 cells were treated in vitro with 15‐PGJ2 and ciglitazone. Proliferation was measured by MTT colorimetric assay and cell cycle analysis performed via flow cytometry, apoptosis by caspase‐3 colorimetric assay and poly‐(ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage on Western blot, and NF‐κB activation by luciferase assays.ResultsMTT assays demonstrated dose‐dependent decreases after 15‐PGJ2 treatment in both cell lines, and S‐phase cell cycle arrest was also demonstrated. NF‐κB luciferase reporter gene activity decreased seven‐ and eightfold in NA and CA9‐22 cells, respectively. Caspase‐3 activity increased two‐ and eightfold in NA and CA9‐22 cells, respectively.ConclusionsOur results suggest these agents, in addition to activating PPAR‐γ, can downregulate NF‐κB and potentiate apoptosis in oral cancer cells.
Design and synthesis of 2,4‐dioxochroman‐pyridinium‐phenylacetamide derivatives as new anti‐Alzheimer agents: in vitro and in silico studies
Authors: Mollazadeh Marjan , Mohammadi‐Khanaposhtani Maryam , Azizian Homa , Zonouzi Afsaneh , Abdolahi Zahra , Nadri Hamid , Larijani Bagher , Biglar Mahmood , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract2,4‐Dioxochroman‐pyridinium‐phenylacetamide derivatives 7a–n were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Obtained results demonstrated that, among the synthesized compounds, two compounds, 7j and 7k, were more potent than the standard drug donepezil against BuChE and did not show cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Furthermore, through molecular modeling and molecular dynamic studies. we showed that these compounds can be located deep in the gorge cavity of BuChE and that they interacted with catalytic residues, acyl, and cholin‐binding pockets of this enzyme. Support information
New monodentate and bidentate silylene ligands byDFT
Authors: Ayoubi‐Chianeh Mojgan , Kassaee Mohamad Z. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractConsidering the importance of silylene ligands in transition metal‐mediated catalytic reactions, we have scrutinized eight novel monodentate (1–4) and bidentate (1′‐4′) derivatives of 2,5‐diX‐cyclopentasilylene‐2,4‐dienes (X = NH2, OH, PH2, and SH), at M06/6‐311++G** level of theory. To probe the complexation ability of our scrutinized silylene ligands with Rh atom (1Rh‐4Rhand1′Rh‐4′Rh, respectively), thermodynamic and structural parameters such as complexation energy (ΔECom), singlet‐triplet energy gap (ΔEs‐t), bond length, along with NBO and atoms in molecules analyses are provided. In going from less electron donating groups (EDGs) to more EDGs (NH2> OH > PH2> SH), theσ‐donor strength and ligand flexibility increase. Structures1and1′turn out as the most nucleophilic species for showing the highest nucleophilicity (N= 5.47 and 5.40 eV, respectively). Furthermore, they exhibit the highest proton affinity values (PA = 271.46 and 271.23 kcal/mol, respectively). The results indicate that bidentate coordination mode of silylene leads to a stronger Si‐Rh complex. The overall orders ofσ‐donation ability for monodentate and bidentate silylene ligands are1>2>3>4and1′>2′>3′>4′, respectively.
Versatile role of curcumin and its derivatives in lung cancer therapy
Authors: Ashrafizadeh Milad , Najafi Masoud , Makvandi Pooyan , Zarrabi Ali , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Samarghandian Saeed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLung cancer is a main cause of death all over the world with a high incidence rate. Metastasis into neighboring and distant tissues as well as resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy demand novel strategies in lung cancer therapy. Curcumin is a naturally occurring nutraceutical compound derived from Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has great pharmacological effects, such as anti‐inflammatory, neuroprotective, and antidiabetic. The excellent antitumor activity of curcumin has led to its extensive application in the treatment of various cancers. In the present review, we describe the antitumor activity of curcumin against lung cancer. Curcumin affects different molecular pathways such as vascular endothelial growth factors, nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), mammalian target of rapamycin, PI3/Akt, microRNAs, and long noncoding RNAs in treatment of lung cancer. Curcumin also can induce autophagy, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest to reduce the viability and proliferation of lung cancer cells. Notably, curcumin supplementation sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy and enhances chemotherapy‐mediated apoptosis. Curcumin can elevate the efficacy of radiotherapy in lung cancer therapy by targeting various signaling pathways, such as epidermal growth factor receptor and NF‐κB. Curcumin‐loaded nanocarriers enhance the bioavailability, cellular uptake, and antitumor activity of curcumin. The aforementioned effects are comprehensively discussed in the current review to further direct studies for applying curcumin in lung cancer therapy.
The Association Between Concurrence of Infection and the Onset of Severe Eruption or Liver Injury in Patients Using Antipyretic Analgesics: A Matched, Nested Case‐Control Study
Authors: Imatoh Takuya , Sai Kimie , Saito Yoshiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStevens‐Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrosis (TEN) or drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) are severe drug‐induced reactions, known as idiosyncratic drug reactions. It is believed that immune response can lead to these severe adverse drug reactions. Our previous analysis of the Japanese Spontaneous Drug Reaction database suggested that the onset of SJS/TEN and DILI was strongly associated with infection. Hence, we conducted a matched, nested case‐control study to elucidate the association between concurrent infection and the onset of SJS/TEN or liver injury in patients prescribed antipyretic analgesics. We extracted 4 112 055 patients who were prescribed antipyretic analgesics between January 2014 and December 2015. Amongst them, 553 (0.01%) were diagnosed with SJS/TEN and 12 606 (0.3%) with liver injury. In a matched, nested case‐control study, 131 and 2847 cases matched for SJS/TEN or liver injury, respectively. For each case, 3 controls were randomly matched with the case for age at index date and sex. In the conditional logistic regression analysis, there was a significant association between the combination of infection and antipyretic analgesics and the onset of SJS/TEN or liver injury (SJS/TEN: adjusted OR, 5.59; 95%CI, 2.01‐15.51; liver injury: adjusted OR, 2.79; 95%CI, 2.24‐3.46). Although it was not possible to distinguish whether the associations were caused by the infection or were a direct consequence of the antibiotic agents, our findings may help to increase awareness of the possibility of the increased onset of idiosyncratic drug reactions (SJS/TEN and liver injury) in antipyretic analgesic users because of infections.
Applications of scanning electron microscopy in taxonomy with special reference to family Euphorbiaceae
Authors: Alyas Tahira , Shaheen Shabnum , Amber Uswah , Harun Nidaa , Khalid Sana , Hussain Khadim , Hanif Uzma , Khan Farah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present study was carried out to identify the 20 medicinally important species of family Euphorbiaceae by the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the foliar anatomical characteristics. Both qualitative and quantitative measurements for the anatomical characters like epidermal cells, stomata, trichomes, and subsidiary cells on both abaxial(ab) and adaxial(ad) epidermis were recorded. Remarkable variations in these anatomical features had been observed among the studied Euphorbiaceae species. Most species had epidermal cells irregular or polygonal in shape, only five species had hexagonal cells, that is, Euphorbia neriifolia L., Euphorbia prostate Aiton, Jatropha integerrima Jacq., Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.), and Euphorbia royleana Boiss. Stomata were abundant on abaxial epidermis as compared to adaxial epidermis. E. prostate Aiton, Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotzsch and Phyllanthus emblica L. possessed anomocytic stomata, and Euphorbia helioscopia L., Euphorbia cotinifolia L., E. neriifolia L., and Ricinus communis L. possessed anisocytic stomata, while rest of the species had paracytic stomata. Trichomes were present in very few species including Euphorbia hirta L., E. prostate Aiton, E. pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotzsch, and Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. Similarly, variations were also reported by quantitative features such as E. helioscopia L. can be distinguished from E. hirta on the basis of length of epidermal cells, that is, 103.4 ± 0.15 and 74.9 ± 0.55 μm, respectively. Moreover, E. pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotzsch had trichomes with the length of 408 ± 0.55 μm and P. roxburghii Wall. had trichome with the length of 314.2 ± 1.35 μm, respectively. These findings confirmed that taxonomic utility of the anatomical traits for the identification of studied Euphorbiaceae taxa.
Hyperpyrexia in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Suwanwongse Kulachanya , Shabarek Nehad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is a global health emergency, in which its effective treatment and prevention remain obscured. Hyperpyrexia is an elevation of body temperature above 106.7°F (41.5°C) due to an abnormally increased hypothalamic‐thermoregulatory set. The pathophysiology, impact, and outcomes of hyperpyrexia in patients with COVID‐19 have not yet been studied. Herein, we present clinical features and outcomes of six patients with COVID‐19 who had developed hyperpyrexia during hospitalization. All patients expired shortly after the onset of hyperpyrexia. Hyperpyrexia seems to adversely impact the outcomes and mortality in patients with COVID‐19. The underlying mechanisms of developing hyperpyrexia in COVID‐19 are mysterious. We propose it may be caused by SARS‐CoV‐2‐related brain injury, exuberant immune response, and thrombus formation. More research is needed to verify our results. Understanding the association between hyperpyrexia and SARS‐CoV‐2 will help to elucidate the COVID‐19 pathogenesis, which is mandatory for developing effective treatment strategies.
Long‐range surface plasmon enhanced Raman spectroscopy at highly damping platinum electrodes
Authors: Ikegaya Soma , Motobayashi Kenta , Ikeda Katsuyoshi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractKnowledge of electrode/electrolyte interfacial structures is the first step toward a better understanding of electrochemical reactions. Among several surface‐specific vibrational spectroscopy, plasmonic enhancement of Raman scattering signals is recognized as a powerful method for in situ observation of electrochemical metal/dielectric interfaces. However, the applicability of this technique is governed by the resonance behavior of surface plasmons at the interface. Although platinum group metals are one of the most interesting materials for electrocatalysis, surface plasmon polaritons are largely damped at these surfaces by their localized d‐electrons. Thus, the plasmon enhanced Raman spectroscopy is normally useless for studying such catalytic surfaces. In this work, the attenuation of surface plasmons at highly damping Pt surface is reduced using a symmetric slab mode, which is a strongly coupled surface plasmons excited at both interfaces of a thin metal film. The prolonged propagation of surface plasmons in this double‐interface configuration leads to a substantial enhancement of local fields even at lossy Pt surface. The theoretical calculation indicates that the enhancement factor of Raman scattering intensity can reach the order of 104 at Pt/solution interfaces in this coupled plasmon mode. We experimentally demonstrate that Raman scattering signals are indeed significantly enhanced at Pt surface under electrochemical conditions. This strategy provides us a novel surface‐specific spectroscopic method for the molecular‐scale investigation of electrocatalytic reactions.
3‐D microstructural changes in relation to the evolution of quality during ripening of mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. Carabao)
Authors: Cantre Dennis , Mata Clara I , Verboven Pieter , Hertog Maarten LATM , Nicolaï Bart M 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe ripening of mango involves changes in texture, flavor, and color, affecting the quality of the fruit. Previous studies have investigated the physiology on the evolution of quality during ripening but only a few have looked at microstructural changes during ripening. None of them has provided an insight into the relationhip between 3‐D microstructure and the evolution of quality during ripening. As the 3‐D microstructure of fruit tissue determines its mechanical and gas‐transport properties, it is likely to affect fruit texture, respiratory metabolism, and other ripening processes.RESULTSThe present study focuses on the role of 3‐D microstructural changes in relation to quality changes during mango ripening. Microstructural imaging using X‐ray micro‐computed tomography suggested the incidence of cell leakage, which was confirmed by the measurement of electrolyte leakage from the fruit peel. Due to cell leakage, porosity, pore connectivity, and pore local diameter were decreased whereas the tissue local diameter and pore specific area were increased. The decline in respiration and respiratory quotient during ripening followed the microstructural changes observed. Meanwhile, changes in aroma were observed such as a decrease in monoterpenes and an increase in esters and other fermentative metabolites.CONCLUSIONOverall, the results provide a complete, integrated picture of microstructural changes during ripening accompanying the evolution of fruit quality, suggesting functional relationships between the two. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Soil nitrate leaching under grazed cool‐season grass pastures of the North Central US
Authors: Jackson Randall D 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNitrate leaching from agricultural cropping systems contributes to widespread and devastating eutrophication of water bodies globally. In the North Central USA, this problem is acute, with millions of dollars spent annually in efforts to clean up recreational and drinking water. The frequent soil disturbance and exogenous nitrogen (N) amendments applied in annual cropping systems make them major sources of ground‐ and surface‐water nitrate pollution. Perennial grasslands under managed livestock grazing have been touted for their ability to retain soils and nutrients while simultaneously providing milk and meat to society. The present study provides an evaluation of the peer‐reviewed literature addressing nitrate leaching loads beneath corn, pasture and prairie in temperate humid and sub‐humid regions of the US, with a focus on cool‐season grass pastures. Inputs of exogenous N to these agroecosystems comes from wet and dry deposition, livestock manure from imported feed, biological fixation and inorganic N fertilizer. Nitrate loads were highest beneath corn and lowest beneath restored prairie and switchgrass managed for bioenergy. Cool‐season grass pastures had relatively low levels of nitrate leaching loads where little or no N was applied. However, where grazed perennial grasslands had inorganic N applied, nitrate leaching loads rivaled those of corn in some cases. When producing milk and meat from livestock, grazed perennial cool‐season grass pastures should reduce nitrate leaching loads compared to growing corn that is used to feed livestock in confinement. However, cool‐season grass pastures can lose significant nitrate to leaching with moderate‐ to high‐levels of exogenous N inputs. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Comparing Exposure‐ and Coping Skills–Based Treatments on Trauma‐Related Guilt in Veterans With Co‐Occurring Alcohol Use and Posttraumatic Stress Disorders
Authors: Capone Christy , Tripp Jessica C. , Trim Ryan S. , Davis Brittany C. , Haller Moira , Norman Sonya B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUD) commonly co‐occur, and this comorbidity (PTSD–SUD) is associated with more severe symptoms and functional impairment than either disorder alone. Growing evidence indicates that trauma‐related guilt, typically concerning negative appraisals of one's actions or inaction during a traumatic event, is associated with PTSD, depression, suicidality, and, possibly, substance use. The present study examined whether integrated treatment for PTSD–SUD was effective in reducing trauma‐related guilt as measured by the Trauma‐Related Guilt Inventory. Data were drawn from a randomized clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of two integrated therapies on treatment outcomes in a sample of U.S. veterans (N = 119) with comorbid PTSD and SUD. Participants were randomized to receive either Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE; n = 63) or Seeking Safety (SS; n = 56). The results indicated that global guilt decreased over time for the whole sample. However, there was a significant Treatment × Time interaction, such that participants in the COPE condition reported lower rates of global guilt, d = 0.940, over time compared to those in the SS condition, d = .498. To our knowledge, this was the first study to examine the effects of integrated PTSD–SUD treatment on trauma‐related guilt. The findings highlight that exposure‐based, trauma‐focused treatment for comorbid PTSD–SUD can be more effective in decreasing trauma‐related guilt, with potentially longer‐lasting effects, than non–exposure‐based treatment, adding evidence that patients with PTSD–SUD should be offered such treatment.
Long‐term Outcomes for Revision Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy—The Effect of the Primary Approach
Authors: Allon Raviv , Cohen Oded , Bavnik Yosef , Milstein Asher , Halperin Doron , Warman Meir 
Published: June 2020

Objectives/HypothesisRevision endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (END‐DCR) is the preferred approach for failed primary surgeries, yet quality data on long‐term outcomes are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate three aspects of revision END‐DCR: 5‐year success rates, patient satisfaction, and the primary surgical approach's possible impact on revision.MethodsThis retrospective study included all revision END‐DCRs conducted at Kaplan Medical Center between the years 2002 and 2015. For long‐term follow‐up analysis, two subgroups of first and second revision END‐DCRs with a minimum of documented 5‐year follow‐up after surgery were defined. Data were analyzed according to the primary surgical approach. Surgical success was defined by either anatomical (observed patent lacrimal flow) or functional (symptoms cessation) success. Patient satisfaction was measured by a questionnaire.ResultsAfter exclusions, a total of 45 eyes from 38 patients who underwent revision END‐DCR surgeries were included in the study. The yearly success rates from immediate to 5 years following the first revision were 93.3%, 75.5%, 71.1%, 68.9%, 68.9%, and 68.9% for the entire cohort, respectively. Immediate and 5‐year success rates following the second revision were 88.8% and 77.8%, respectively. Primary END‐DCR showed favorable 5‐year success rates and patient satisfaction over primary external dacryocystorhinostomy (EXT‐DCR) in both first and second revisions, but this did not reach significance.ConclusionsRevision END‐DCR carries an excellent short‐term success rate, which decreases mainly throughout the first 2 years following surgery. Postoperative follow‐up should be maintained within this timeframe. Revision END‐DCR following either primary endoscopic or EXT‐DCR produces comparable surgical outcomes and patient‐reported satisfaction.Level of Evidence3b Laryngoscope, 131:E682–E688, 2021
Methane emission offsets carbon dioxide uptake in a small productive lake
Authors: Vachon Dominic , Langenegger Timon , Donis Daphne , Beaubien Stan E. , McGinnis Daniel F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHere, we investigate the importance of net CH4 production and emissions in the carbon (C) budget of a small productive lake by monitoring CH4, CO2, and O2 for two consecutive years. During the study period, the lake was mostly a net emitter of both CH4 and CO2, while showing positive net ecosystem production. The analyses suggest that during the whole study period, 32% ± 26% of C produced by net ecosystem production was ultimately converted to CH4 and emitted to the atmosphere. When converted to global warming potential, CH4 emission (in CO2 equivalents) was about 3–10 times higher than CO2 removal from in‐lake net ecosystem production over 100‐yr and 20‐yr time frames, respectively. Although more work in similar systems is needed to generalize these findings, our results provide evidence of the important greenhouse gas imbalance in human‐impacted aquatic systems.