bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Significance of Tibioperoneal Trunk in Lower Limb Revascularization Procedures
Authors: Jadhav Yashashvi , Kanasker Neelesh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Popliteal artery is a continuation of femoral artery, which extends obliquely from the osseoaponeurotic opening of adductor magnus to lower border of popliteus muscle, where it terminates by dividing into anterior tibial artery and tibioperoneal trunk, this ranges from 92% to 96%. Knowledge of anatomic variability in this region may have clinical implications and are very essential during vascular grafting, direct surgical repair, transluminal angioplasty, embolectomy, and other arterial injury.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted in anatomy department where 50 lower limbs embalmed with 10% of formalin will be procured from the department. Artery and its branches were exposed. Side determination, branching pattern of terminal branches will be noted, and measurements of the length of tibioperoneal trunk will be taken with the help of digital micrometer.

Results:
Length of tibioperoneal trunk was taken with the help of digital Vernier caliper. All data obtained will be produced in tabulated form and if any variations was photographed.

Conclusions:
Proper characterization of the anatomical properties of popliteal artery requires adequate knowledge of its terminal branching variants. Increasing rates of surgical reconstructions and vascular surgical procedures of the lower extremity place more significance on having detailed anatomical information. Endovascular treatment of critical limb ischemia in diabetics with crural and pedal diseases can be an exceedingly challenging and complex problem, in this regard prior awareness of variant branching pattern of terminal end of popliteal artery is important for planning appropriate surgery and to reduce arterial injury.
Uncommon Presentations of Axillary Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Vidyasagar Radhika , Satish Umesh Gheewala , Sony Jithin , Vinay K S , Muralikrishna N , Amullya K R , Palaniswamy Poornima , Babu Davu Narendra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Axillary artery aneurysms are rare compared to other peripheral aneurysms. Once developed, they can cause vascular complications like rupture, thromboembolism leading to gangrene, limb loss or neurologic complications due to their proximity to the brachial plexus.

Objectives:
To illustrate a variety of axillary artery aneurysms and the surgical approach used to repair them.

Materials and Methods:
This case series describes four cases of axillary artery aneurysms. All the cases did not have a definite aetiology. CT scan was used to diagnose the cases. All of them underwent successful surgical repair.

Conclusion:
Axillary artery aneurysms are rare. Because of the high incidence of symptoms and complications and the minimal morbidity associated with repair, routine operative repair should be performed.
A Simulation Study for Optimal Pinhole Collimator Design in Gamma Camera Systems
Authors: Ghoneim M. A. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The usage of a semiconductor detector with a pinhole collimator can provide high spatial resolution due to its high intrinsic resolution. However, the collimator system has low sensitivity due to the hole’s small diameter. Therefore, the optimization between the spatial resolution and sensitivity is critical for determining the image quality in the gamma camera system.

Aims and Objectives:
A pinhole collimator was designed and simulated to achieve the desired level of resolution and sensitivity in a gamma camera by utilizing a CdTe semiconductor detector.

Materials and Methods:
To conduct this objective, a simulation toolkit based on the Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) was employed. The imaging capabilities of the proposed system were assessed by varying the magnification factor and pinhole diameter to estimate spatial resolution and sensitivity. Moreover, a hot rod phantom was designed to evaluate the system’s overall imaging functionality.

Results:
Results revealed that an increase in the pinhole diameter was correlated with an increase in sensitivity, while the spatial resolution was decreasing. There were distinct variations in sensitivity and spatial resolution depending on changes in the magnification factor as well. Finally, by analyzing trade-off curves, 1.38±0.081 mm was approximately the optimal pinhole diameter for our proposed system.

Conclusion:
The optimum position for a pinhole collimator with a CdTe semiconductor detector was demonstrated.
Design and Performance Evaluation of SiPM-based High-resolution Dedicated Brain Positron Emission Tomography Scanner: A Simulation Study
Authors: Zare Tahereh , Sheikhzadeh Peyman , Teimourian Fard Behnoosh , Ghafarian Pardis , Ay Mohammad Reza 
Published: December 2024

Purpose/Aim:
The increasing population age highlights the critical need for early brain disease diagnosis, especially in disorders such as dementia. Consequently, a notable focus has been on developing dedicated brain positron emission tomography (PET) scanners, which offer higher resolution and sensitivity than whole-body PET scanners. This study aims to design and performance evaluation of an LYSO-based dedicated brain PET scanner.

Materials and Methods:
We developed a dedicated brain PET using Monte Carlo simulation based on cylindrical geometry. Each detector block consisted of a 23 × 23 array of 2 mm × 2 mm × 15 mm LYSO crystals coupled with SiPM. The performance of this scanner was evaluated based on the NEMA NU-2-2018 standard, focusing on analyzing various energy windows and coincidence time windows (CTWs).

Results:
The results demonstrated that the noise equivalent count rate (NECR) peaked at each CTW in the 408–680 keV energy window. In addition, increasing the CTWs from 3 ns to 10 ns resulted in a decrease of 9% in sensitivity and an increase of 63% in NECR. Furthermore, the study findings highlight that using a time-of-flight (TOF) resolution of 250 ps can substantially improve image contrast relative to non-TOF reconstruction.

Conclusions:
We conclude that employing a broader energy window and a narrower CTW can significantly enhance the scanner’s performance regarding sensitivity and NECR. Furthermore, incorporating LYSO pixelated crystals with TOF information will facilitate the generation of high-resolution and high-contrast images.
Feasibility of Proton Range Estimation with Prompt Gamma Imaging in Proton Therapy of Lung Cancer: Monte Carlo Study
Authors: Rohollahpour Elham , Ahangari Hadi Taleshi 
Published: December 2024

Context:
Using prompt gamma (PG) ray is proposed as a promising solution for in vivo monitoring in proton therapy. Despite significant and diverse approaches explored over the past two decades, challenges still persist for more effective utilization.

Aims:
The feasibility of estimating proton range with PG imaging (PGI) as an online imaging guide in an anthropomorphic phantom with lung cancer was investigated through GATE/GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation.

Setting and Design:
Once the GATE code was validated for use as a simulation tool, the gamma energy spectra of NURBS-based cardiac-torso (NCAT) and polymethyl methacrylate phantoms, representing heterogeneous and homogeneous phantoms respectively, were compared with the gamma emission lines known in nuclear interactions with tissue elements. A 5-mm radius spherical tumor in the lung region of an NCAT phantom, without any physiological or morphological changes, was simulated.

Subjects and Methods:
The proton pencil beam source was defined as a function of the tumor size to encompass the tumor volume. The longitudinal spatial correlation between the proton dose deposition and the distribution of detected PG rays by the multi-slit camera was assessed for proton range estimation. The simulations were conducted for both 108 and 109 protons.

Results:
The deviation between the proton range and the range estimated by PGI following proton beam irradiation to the center of the lung tumor was determined by evaluating the longitudinal profiles at the 80% fall-off point, measuring 1.9 mm for 109 protons and 4.5 mm for 108 protons.

Conclusions:
The accuracy of proton range estimation through PGI is greatly influenced by the number of incident protons and tissue characteristics. With 109 protons, it is feasible to utilize PGI as a real-time monitoring technique during proton therapy for lung cancer.
Cross-sectional C*-algebras associated with subgroups
Authors: Ferraro Damián 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Given a Fell bundle

$\mathcal {B}=\{B_t\}_{t\in G}$

over a locally compact group G and a closed subgroup

$H\subset G,$

we construct quotients

$C^{*}_{H\uparrow \mathcal {B}}(\mathcal {B})$

and

$C^{*}_{H\uparrow G}(\mathcal {B})$

of the full cross-sectional C*-algebra

$C^{*}(\mathcal {B})$

analogous to Exel–Ng’s reduced algebras

$C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(\mathcal {B})\equiv C^{*}_{\{e\}\uparrow \mathcal {B}}(\mathcal {B})$

and

$C^{*}_R(\mathcal {B})\equiv C^{*}_{\{e\}\uparrow G}(\mathcal {B}).$

An absorption principle, similar to Fell’s one, is used to give conditions on

$\mathcal {B}$

and H (e.g., G discrete and

$\mathcal {B}$

saturated, or H normal) ensuring

$C^{*}_{H\uparrow \mathcal {B}}(\mathcal {B})=C^{*}_{H\uparrow G}(\mathcal {B}).$

The tools developed here enable us to show that if the normalizer of H is open in G and

$\mathcal {B}_H:=\{B_t\}_{t\in H}$

is the reduction of

$\mathcal {B}$

to

$H,$

then

$C^{*}(\mathcal {B}_H)=C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(\mathcal {B}_H)$

if and only if

$C^{*}_{H\uparrow \mathcal {B}}(\mathcal {B})=C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(\mathcal {B});$

the last identification being implied by

$C^{*}(\mathcal {B})=C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(\mathcal {B}).$

We also prove that if G is inner amenable and

$C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(\mathcal {B})\otimes _{\max } C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(G)=C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm { r}}}(\mathcal {B})\otimes C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(G),$

then

$C^{*}(\mathcal {B})=C^{*}_{\mathop {\mathrm {r}}}(\mathcal {B}).$
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA BULLYING (PERUNDUNGAN) TERHADAP PESERTA PEMILU DI MEDIA SOSIAL PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG ITE
Authors: Rizal Syamsul , Noor Tajuddin , Purba Indra Gunawan 
Published: December 2024

Pelaku perundungan terhadap kontestan pemilu pada media massa elektronik biasanya dilakukan dengan memposting gambar atau foto seseorang kontestan pemilu dengan meminimalisir memodifikasi minimal sehingga pembaca masih mudah mengenali korban. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengaturan tindak pidana bullying (perundungan) terhadap peserta pemilu melalui media sosial, bagaimana pertanggungjawaban pidana pelaku bullying (perundungan) terhadap peserta pemilu melalui media sosial, bagaimana hambatan dan kendala penanggulangan tindak pidana bullying (perundungan) terhadap peserta pemilu melalui media sosial dan upaya mengatasinya. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan metode telaah pustaka (library research). Jenis data penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder dan disusun secara sistematis dan untuk mentelaah data-data sekunder menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pengaturan tindak pidana bullying (perundungan) terhadap peserta pemilu melalui media sosial selain diatur dalam KUHP dan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang KUHP mengenai pasal bullying di media sosial atau pasal cyber bullying dalam bentuk penghinaan, menyerang kehormatan/nama baik seseorang, juga mengacu pada ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024 tentang Perubahan Kedua atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik yang pada prinsipnya, menyerang kehormatan/nama baik seseorang termasuk dalam perbuatan yang dilarang dalam Pasal 27A Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2024.
ANALISIS YURIDIS AKIBAT HUKUM WANPRESTASI NASABAH TERHADAP BARANG JAMINAN DALAM PERJANJIAN GADAI
Authors: Hayati Winta 
Published: December 2024

Pegadaian sebagai Badan Uusaha Milik Negara yang mempunyai misi khususnya yaitu memenuhi kebutuhan dana skala kecil, dan pada akhir-akhir ini PT. Pegadaian semakin membudaya dan memasyarakat di kalangan masyarakat kelas bawah dan masyarakat kelas atas. Pelaksanaan hak retensi dan lelang di PT. Pegadaian Merupakan salah satu perusahaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) yang bergerak di bidang jasa keuangan yang berfokus membantu masyarakat yang membutuhkan pendanaan dengan cara menggadaikan berbagai barang berharga dan surat-surat berharga lainnya. Akibat hukum yang timbul jika terjadi pelelangan terhadap barang jaminan di PT. Pegadaian adalah pihak PT. Pegadaian mengambil sejumlah dana yang dipinjamkannya kepada pihak debitur setelah dipotong bunga, modal sewa dan juga biaya pelelangan. Oleh karena itu disarankan agar dalam hal pelaksanaan lelang atas barang-barang bergerak pada PT. Pegadaian dilaksanakan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku dan agar pihak PT. Pewgadaian menjelaskan akibat hukum jika terjadi pelelangan kepada debitur.
Exposing Francophone students to Jamaican language and culture: Reflections from the ClerKing telecollaborative project
Authors: Madden Oneil Nathaniel , Williams Othniel , Bernard Oquendo 
Published: December 2024

Jamaican Creole (JC) is a popular language spoken by majority of Jamaicans both locally and in the Diaspora. However, it is still a language that is unfamiliar to many foreigners, though the small country is known internationally for its music, food, culture, dominance in sports, as the people are “likkle but tallawah”. In a decade in which the United Nations is celebrating indigenous languages, it is an opportune time to promote and expose international students to JC. This study reports on an initial exposure to JC in phase 3 of ClerKing (Clermont-Ferrand-Kingston) – a 10-week telecollaborative project which brought together learners of English from Clermont Auvergne University (UCA), France, and learners of French from the University of the West Indies (UWI), Mona, Jamaica. WhatsApp and videoconferencing platforms were used to discuss cultural and intercultural topics, including JC. Using the exploratory approach, we seek to ascertain French students’ perceptions on being exposed to Jamaica and the JC. Preliminary findings suggest that French students learnt and practised basic JC structures and vocabulary and had a deep appreciation for the exposure. This broadened their appetite of wanting to learn more about and eventually visit Jamaica.
Hospitals Did Not Increase Acute Occupational Therapy Provision Despite Positive Associations With Hospital Performance Under Medicare’s Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement Program
Authors: Li Jun , Monti Yvonne , Ryan Andrew 
Published: December 2024

Importance: Medicare’s Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) program rewards hospitals for reducing total Medicare spending. Despite the benefits of occupational therapy (OT) for patient outcomes and spending, little is known about how CJR affects hospital provision of acute occupational OT services.
Objective: Determine whether CJR changed acute OT provision and whether higher acute OT provision was associated with CJR rewards.
Design: Cohort study with randomization.
Setting: Hospitals.
Participants: Patients covered by Medicare who were discharged after major joint replacement surgery (n = 1,006,938) in 722 hospitals randomly selected for treatment under CJR and 859 hospitals in the control group, before (July 2014–June 2015) and after (April 2016–December 2018) CJR in the United States.
Outcomes and Measures: National Medicare inpatient claims data were used to examine diagnoses and per-hospitalization acute OT provision (OT costs, patient receipt of OT, and OT share of hospitalization costs). CJR files were used to determine hospital rewards (CJR dollars per discharge).
Results: CJR did not affect acute OT provision in terms of per-hospitalization OT costs, patient receipt of OT, or OT share of total hospitalization costs. Each additional dollar of OT spent by hospitals was associated with an increase of $1.99 CJR reward dollars (95% confidence interval [0.82, 3.16]).
Conclusions and Relevance: These results indicate that hospitals did not increase acute OT as part of their improvement strategy under CJR, despite the potential for acute OT to yield financial returns on investment.
Plain-Language Summary: Medicare’s Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) bundled payment program rewards hospitals for low Medicare spending from hospitalization through 90 days postdischarge. Although occupational therapy (OT) improves patient-centered care and reduces Medicare spending, it is unknown whether hospitals modified (or targeted) acute OT services when treating older patients who were hospitalized for major joint replacement surgery under CJR. We used national Medicare data to characterize the variation in hospital use of acute OT and to identify how CJR affected acute OT use by hospitals. We then examined whether acute OT use was associated with financial returns on investment by hospitals in CJR. We found that acute OT use did not change under CJR, even though higher OT use was correlated with larger financial rewards for CJR hospitals. Future research should focus on quantifying the value-added of OT on patient outcomes and Medicare spending.
Snow depth sensitivity to mean temperature, precipitation, and elevation in the Austrian and Swiss Alps
Authors: Switanek Matthew , Resch Gernot , Gobiet Andreas , Günther Daniel , Marty Christoph , Schöner Wolfgang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Snow depth plays an important role in the seasonal climatic and hydrological cycles of alpine regions. Previous studies have shown predominantly decreasing trends in average seasonal snow depth across the European Alps. Additionally, prior work has shown bivariate statistical relationships between average seasonal snow depth and mean air temperature or precipitation. Building upon existing research, our study uses observational records of in situ station data across Austria and Switzerland to better quantify the sensitivity of historical changes in seasonal snow depth through a multivariate framework that depends on elevation, mean temperature, and precipitation. These historical sensitivities, which are obtained over the 1901–1902 to 1970–1971 period, are then used to estimate snow depths over the more recent period of 1971–1972 to 2020–2021. We find that the year-to-year estimates of snow depths, which are derived from an empirical–statistical model (SnowSens), that rely solely on the historical sensitivities are nearly as skillful as the operational SNOWGRID-CL model used by the weather service at GeoSphere Austria. Furthermore, observed long-term changes over the last 50 years are in better agreement with SnowSens than with SNOWGRID-CL. These results indicate that historical sensitivities between snow depth, temperature, and precipitation are quite robust over decadal-length scales of time, and they can be used effectively to translate expected long-term changes in temperature and precipitation into changes in seasonal snow depth.
Effects of Gaming Disorder on Adolescent Mental Health: Insights from 2024
Authors: Versha Deepankar  , Urvi Gaur  
Published: December 2024

Background: With the rise of digital gaming, the World Health Organization recognized gaming disorder as a mental health condition in 2019. This case series examines three adolescents diagnosed with gaming disorder and explores its impact on their mental health and daily functioning.
Objective: To present a series of cases that illustrate the clinical presentations and therapeutic interventions for adolescents with gaming disorder.
Methods: We analyzed clinical records from three adolescents aged 14 to 17 who sought treatment at our outpatient clinic. Each case was assessed for gaming behavior, mental health outcomes, and treatment response.
Results: All three cases exhibited significant impairment in social, academic, and family functioning due to excessive gaming. Interventions included cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and family involvement, leading to improved mental health outcomes.
Conclusion: This case series underscores the need for increased awareness and targeted interventions for gaming disorder among adolescents in 2024.
Sobre parabólicas e coisas sem nome: a autocorpografia autista na poesia de Pedro de Lucena e Callum Brazzó
Authors: Rückert Gustavo Henrique 
Published: December 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar duas obras poéticas com traços autobiográficos: Parabólicas (2018), de Pedro de Lucena, e Movement: performance poetry written down (2019), de Callum Brazzó. Ambas foram escritas por autores autistas e apresentam o corpo como arquivo de convergência de memórias. A análise baseia-se no conceito de autocorpografia, cunhado por Adelaine LaGuardia (2014). Tal conceito, oriundo do estudo de autobiografias de pessoas transexuais, revela a necessidade de desconstrução do corpo textualizado pela literatura médica para, assim, reescrevê-lo coletivamente sob outros signos. A fundamentação teórica para o desenvolvimento do trabalho transita entre os Estudos Literários, os Estudos da Deficiência e os Estudos Culturais. Como resultado, observa-se que a apropriação da escrita autocorpográfica por meio de um gênero literário às margens do mercado editorial (a poesia) oferece uma alternativa à ideia do autismo como auto isolamento. A partir da livre manifestação de demandas sensoriais do corpo autista na poesia, Lucena e Brazzó reescrevem o corpo autista como um corpo em constante movimento, inapreensível em sua plenitude pela linguagem.
Paraboliques et choses sans nom : l’autocorpographie autiste dans la poésie de Pedro de Lucena et de Callum Brazzó
Authors: Rückert Gustavo Henrique 
Published: December 2024

Cet article vise à analyser deux œuvres poétiques aux traits autobiographiques : Parabólicas (2018), de Pedro de Lucena, et Movement: performance poetry written down (2019), de Callum Brazzó. Toutes deux ont été écrites par des auteurs autistes et présentent le corps comme une archive où convergent les mémoires. L’analyse est basée sur le concept d’autocorpographie créé par Adelaine LaGuardia (2014). Ce concept, issu de l’étude des autobiographies de personnes transgenres, révèle la nécessité de déconstruire le corps textualisé par la littérature médicale afin de le réécrire collectivement sous d’autres signes. La base théorique de ce travail se situe entre les études littéraires, les études sur le handicap et les études culturelles. Il montre que l’appropriation de l’écriture autocorpographique à travers un genre littéraire en marge du marché de l’édition (la poésie) offre une alternative à l’idée de l’autisme comme auto-isolement. À partir de la libre manifestation de demandes sensorielles du corps autiste dans la poésie, Lucena et Brazzó réécrivent le corps autiste comme un corps en mouvement constant, insaisissable dans sa plénitude par le langage.