bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In situ Generated 212Pb-PSMA Ligand in a 224Ra-Solution for Dual Targeting of Prostate Cancer Sclerotic Stroma and PSMA-positive Cells
Authors: Stenberg Vilde Y. , Juzeniene Asta , Bruland Øyvind S. , Larsen Roy H. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
New treatments combating bone and extraskeletal metastases are needed for
patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The majority of metastases overexpress
prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), making it an ideal candidate for targeted radionuclide
therapy.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to test a novel liquid 224Ra/212Pb-generator for the rapid preparation
of a dual-alpha targeting solution. Here, PSMA-targeting ligands are labelled with 212Pb in the
224Ra-solution in transient equilibrium with daughter nuclides. Thus, natural bone-seeking 224Ra targeting
sclerotic bone metastases and 212Pb-chelated PSMA ligands targeting PSMA-expressing tumour
cells are obtained.

Methods:
Two PSMA-targeting ligands, the p-SCN-Bn-TCMC-PSMA ligand (NG001), specifically
developed for chelating 212Pb, and the most clinically used DOTA-based PSMA-617 were labelled with
212Pb. Radiolabelling and targeting potential were investigated in situ, in vitro (PSMA-positive C4-2
human prostate cancer cells) and in vivo (athymic mice bearing C4-2 xenografts).

Results:
NG001 was rapidly labelled with 212Pb (radiochemical purity >94% at concentrations of ≥15
μg/ml) using the liquid 224Ra/212Pb-generator. The high radiochemical purity and stability of [212Pb]Pb-
NG001 were demonstrated over 48 hours in the presence of ascorbic acid and albumin. Similar binding
abilities of the 212Pb-labelled ligands were observed in C4-2 cells. The PSMA ligands displayed comparable
tumour uptake after 2 hours, but NG001 showed a 3.5-fold lower kidney uptake than PSMA-
617. Radium-224 was not chelated and, hence, showed high uptake in bones.

Conclusion:
A fast method for the labelling of PSMA ligands with 212Pb in the 224Ra/212Pb-solution
was developed. Thus, further in vivo studies with dual tumour targeting by alpha-particles are warranted.
On the Crustacea Eaten by Fishes
Authors: Forbes Stephen A. 
Published: May 2020

I have recognized the following genera and species of Crustacea in the stomachs of the fishes of the preceding list (Food of Illinois Fishes), several of them being new to the state. The material afforded has been by no means exhaustively studied, and the list of species could probably be quadrupled. I have refrained from formal description of some species which are evidently new, preferring to wait for specimens in more perfect condition. Appendix to "The Food of Fishes" (Forbes, 1878).
Survey of the Illinois Fur Resource
Authors: Brown Louis G. , Yeager Lee E. 
Published: May 2020

The Illinois wild fur resource was studied intensively in the field from June 1, 1939, to June 30, 1940. This paper, prepared subsequently, is the final project report. The main objective of the survey was the determination of facts on which to base biologically sound trapping laws and other regulations pertaining to Illinois fur animals. Such facts involved the habitat requirements of the fur animals, the annual yield and income by species and localities, the portion of furs taken by trappers and by hunters, the number of licensed and unlicensed furtakers, methods of trapping, hunting and marketing furs, and fur animal cycles. In 1938-39, the calculated number of Illinois fur-takers, defined as individuals taking furs by their own efforts, was 29,431; in 1939-40, the total was 27,021. About 9,500 individuals each year took furs by hunting; all other fur-takers were trappers. The average annual value of the Illinois fur resource in 1938-39 and 1939-40, summarized in tables 15 to 20, inclusive, was over $1,200,000, which represents a capital value of over $30,000,000 at 4 per cent interest.
Natural Availability of Oak Wilt Inocula
Authors: Curl E. A. 
Published: May 2020

Need for information that would be useful in explaining the spread of oak wilt prompted an intensive study of the availability of oak wilt inocula. This study was made in five major wilt areas in Illinois and covered the 10-month period from October, 1952, through July, 1953. A total of 649 typical mycelial mats,each with a pad in the center, were found on 31 selected trees, some of the mats in each month of the 10-month study period. Spore counts from mat samples indicated that the highest concentration of conidia on mats was reached in December, after which there was a steady decrease during a period of low winter and spring temperatures until April, when a sharp rise occurred with the rise in temperature. In the laboratory, best germination was obtained from conidia that were collected in April and good germination from those collected in October, November, and March. The highest average number of conidia was obtained from mature mats but the highest germination rate of conidia was obtained from immature mats. The significance of mat size, as well as numbers of mats, in accounting for the concentration of conidia in an oak wilt area was demonstrated from sample data. A mat that measured 24 by 10 cm was estimated to contain 1,650,000,000 conidia. Twenty-three per cent of 393 mats (which were presumed to be old enough to have perithecia) contained perithecia. Mats with perithecia were found in all months of the study except July, and the highest average number of perithecia per mat sample was found on aging mats in May.
Validation of Electronic Health Record Detection of Patient Safety Outcomes
Authors: Humphreys Christopher , Fletcher Sarah , Sharma Nishan , Kachra Rahim , Ruzycki Shannon Marie 
Published: May 2020

Background: Adverse events (AE) are common for hospitalized Canadians, and lead to worse patient outcomes. Monitoring patient safety is logistically challenging. We aimed to validate the use of our electronic health record (EHR) to monitor important patient safety.
Methods: EHR data was used to identify patients who were exposed to one of four high-priority safety outcomes: venous thromboembolism, dysglycemia, Clostridium difficile(C. difficile) infection, and prolonged nil per os(NPO) orders. A manual chart review was performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the EHR for each patient safety outcome.
Results: The sensitivity and specificity ranged from 38.4% to 78.1% and 88.1 to 99.2%, respectively, for the prespecified patient safety outcomes.
Conclusion: The EHR is reasonably sensitive and specific to monitor rates of dysglycemia, C. difficileinfection, and prolonged NPO in medical inpatients, but does not have adequate sensitivity to be used to capture venous thromboembolism safety outcomes.
Post-partum Seizure from Subdural Hematoma Secondary to Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Following Epidural Anesthesia
Authors: Whalen-Browne Anna , Onizuka Kristyne , Tiboni Maria , Srinivasan Ragini 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTHeadaches in the post-partum period are common, while new seizures are not. While many causes of post-partum headache are benign, it can be difficult to determine which patients warrant a more comprehensive workup to investigate for serious causes, which may only present later with neurologic sequelae such as new seizures. We suggest that persistent post-dural puncture headaches in the context of intrapartum epidural anesthesia can be suggestive of a serious cause such as intracranial hypotension or subdural hematoma. We describe a case of a 28-year-old G1P1 female presenting with a first-time seizure at 19 days post-partum caused by subdural hematoma from a persistent cerebrospinal fluid leak. This was in the context of a history of typical post-dural puncture headache following delivery.
RÉSUMÉLes maux de tête dans la période post-partum sont fréquents, alors que les nouvelles crises ne le sont pas. Bien que de nombreuses causes de céphalées post-partum soient bénignes, il peut être difficile de déterminer quels patients justifient un bilan plus complet pour rechercher les causes graves, qui peuvent ne se présenter que plus tard avec des séquelles neurologiques comme de nouvelles crises. Nous suggérons que les maux de tête persistants post-ponctionnels dans le contexte de l’anesthésie épidurale intra-partum peuvent suggérer une cause grave comme l’hypotension intracrânienne ou un hématome sous-dural. Nous décrivons le cas d’une femme G1P1 de 28 ans qui présente une première crise d’épilepsie 19 jours après l’accouchement causée par un hématome sous-dural causé par une fuite persistante de liquide céphalorachidien. C’était dans le contexte d’une histoire de céphalées typiques après une ponction post-durale après l’accouchement.
Lymphomatoid Papulosis in a Case of Atypical Secondary Syphilis
Authors: Mu Xin (Peter) , Mazzetti Ian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLymphomatoid papulosis is an indolent cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorder that presents as recurrent self-resolving papulonodular skin lesions. Currently, there are no known causes for lymphomatoid papulosis and definitive diagnosis is only made histologically. A 64-year-old man presented with a 6-week history of bilateral leg pains, low-grade fevers, and a widespread eruption of painless erythematic papules. Despite testing positive for syphilis serology, he lacked the typical clinical history for classic syphilis and therefore, skin biopsies were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Unexpectedly, the skin biopsies revealed lymphomatoid papulosis which resolved with antibiotic treatments for syphilis. Considering the synchronous resolution of the patient’s syphilis infection and his cutaneous lesions, this is the first report of findings to suggest syphilis as a possible cause for lymphomatoid papulosis. Clinicians should appreciate the possibility of alternative diagnosis for cutaneous presentations in settings of confirmed syphilis infections.
RESUMELa papulose lympho-matoïde est un trouble lymphoprolifératif cutané indolent qui se présente sous la forme de lésions cutanées papulonodulaires auto-résolutives récurrentes. Actuellement, il n’y a pas de causes connues de la papulose lymphomatoïde et le diagnostic définitif n’est posé que sur le plan histologique. Un homme de 64 ans a présenté une histoire de 6 semaines de douleurs bilatérales aux jambes, de fièvres de bas grade et d’éruptions généralisées de papules érythémateuses indolores. Malgré un test sérologique positif pour la syphilis, il n’avait pas les antécédents cliniques typiques de la syphilis classique et des biopsies cutanées ont donc été effectuées pour confirmer le diagnostic. De façon inattendue, les biopsies cutanées ont révélé une papulose lymphomatoïde qui s’est résorbée grâce à des traitements antibiotiques contre la syphilis. Compte tenu de la résolution synchrone de l’infection syphilitique du patient et de ses lésions cutanées, il s’agit du premier rapport de résultats suggérant que la syphilis est une cause possible de papulose lymphomatoïde. Les cliniciens devraient apprécier la possibilité d’un diagnostic alternatif pour les présentations cutanées dans les contextes d’infections syphilitiques confirmées.
Back to Basics: Changes to the Residency Curriculum During a Pandemic
Authors: Mackinnon Blair Alecsa , Rohailla Sagar , Goffi Alberto , Sharma Malika 
Published: May 2020

In the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, prompt changes are required from medical systems. Within Canadian academic institutions, this will mean a restructuring of residency programs of all specialties and at all levels of training. Rapid training in critical care procedures and models of patient care will be paramount to contend with the increasing numbers of critically-ill patients. Flexibility from staff physicians, residents, and medical students will be required to fill gaps in patient care. Finally, compassion for our co-workers throughout illness and isolation will be necessary to provide emotional support for one another.
ResumeAu plus fort de la pandémie COVID-19, des changements rapides sont nécessaires de la part des systèmes médicaux. Au sein des institutions universitaires canadiennes, cela signifiera la restructuration des programmes de résidence de toutes les spécialités et à tous les niveaux de formation. Une formation rapide aux procédures de soins intensifs et aux modèles de soins aux patients sera primordiale pour faire face au nombre croissant de patients gravement malades. La flexibilité des médecins du personnel, des résidents et des étudiants en médecine sera nécessaire pour combler les lacunes dans les soins aux patients. Enfin, la compassion envers nos collègues tout au long de la maladie et de l’isolement sera nécessaire pour se soutenir mutuellement sur le plan émotionnel.
Managing Common Co-morbidities in Heart Failure
Authors: Sin Phyllis , Sanjanwala Rohan , Zieroth Shelley 
Published: May 2020

Heart failure increases in prevalence with age and is usually associated with various cardiac and non-cardiac comorbidities. For common coexisting conditions such as renal dysfunction, anemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus, important pathophysiologic links have been implicated between cardiac dysfunction and the underlying condition. Indeed, the number and severity of comorbidities in the setting of heart failure is an important driver of prognosis. By targeting the management of coexisting diseases, it may be possible to improve functional capacity, quality of life and perhaps even overall mortality in heart failure patients. Recent clinical trial data has provided insights into cardio-renal interactions in acute heart failure, the impact of iron replacement therapy in iron deficient heart failure patients, and the role of pharmacologic therapies to prevent heart failure related events in high risk patients with type 2 diabetes.
Performance of Daily Disposable Contact Lenses in Symptomatic Wearers
Authors: Nick Joachim , Schwarz Stefan , Jarvinen Satu , Chalmers Ian , Kunnen Carolina 
Published: May 2020

PurposeTo evaluate the performance of delefilcon A water gradient and narafilcon A silicone hydrogel daily dispos-able contact lenses (CLs) in symptomatic soft CL wearers.
MethodsThis multicenter, open-label, crossover study randomized 121 soft CL wearers with symptoms of CL dis-comfort to delefilcon A or narafilcon A for 2 weeks, followed by the alternate lens for 2 weeks. Subjects rated end-of-day (EOD) comfort, EOD dryness, and quality of vision, and investigators rated fit, surface deposits, and surface wettability.
ResultsAfter 2 weeks, all subjective measures were better for delefilcon A than for narafilcon A, including EOD comfort (8.3 ± 1.9 vs. 6.6 ± 2.2), EOD dryness (8.0 ± 2.2 vs. 5.8 ± 2.6), and quality of vision (8.9 ± 1.4 vs. 7.9 ± 1.7), all p<.0001. Average daily wear time (DWT; 13.0 ± 2.8 vs. 12.3 ± 2.6 hr) and average comfort-able DWT (11.6 ± 3.9 vs. 9.3 ± 3.8 hr) were longer for delefilcon A lenses (p<.0001). The proportions of right and left lenses without front surface deposits were twofold higher for delefilcon A than for narafilcon A, and surface wettability was significantly higher for delefilcon A than for narafilcon A p<.0001).
ConclusionIn this population of symptomatic CL wearers, delefilcon A lenses showed superior subjective ratings for comfort, dryness, quality of vision, DWT, and comfortable DWT and better investigator-rated lens sur-face attributes including fewer surface deposits and superior wettability than did narafilcon A lenses after 2 weeks of wear.
Comparative Outcomes of Bladder Cancer in Patients Under 40 Years of Age
Authors: Tregunna Rebecca , Feneley Mark , Freeman Alex , Wood Dan 
Published: May 2020

Background and Objectives Bladder tumours are rare in young patients. Consequently, the literature is sparse and studies provide con-flicting reports on clinicopathological data and patient outcomes. This study examines, to our knowledge, the largest UK series of patients aged less than 40 years diagnosed with bladder cancer, and examines their risks and outcomes. Material and Methods A prospectively recorded database (2008-2018) was used to identify patients aged under 40 years diagnosed with bladder cancer. Data were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were then sub-divided into 2 groups based on age: group 1 was aged below 20 years and group 2 was aged 20–39 years. Results A total of 27 patients were identified with a median age of 34 years (range 14–39). Male to female ratio was 2.86:1. Median follow-up was 41.5 months (range 3–108). 61.9% presented with visible hematuria and 54.2% had one or more risk factors such as cigarette smoking. A total of 96.3% of patients had urothelial carcinoma and 92.3% of these were non-muscle invasive tumours. 7.7% presented with muscle invasive disease with 3.8% having positive nodes at diagnosis. Patients with non-muscle invasive urothelial tumours were risk-stratified according to the EAU-Guidelines Panel risk grouping with 39.1% low-risk, 4.3% intermediate-risk and 56.5% high-risk of recurrence and/or progression. During follow-up 30.4% recurred and 4.3% progressed to invasive disease. 23.1% underwent cystectomy and overall 11.5% died during follow-up, all due to metastatic disease. Patients in group one showed a statistically significant incidence of lower-grade disease at diagnosis with lower risk-group stratification but there was no significant difference in other parameters. Conclusion The majority of young patients in our series presented with non-muscle invasive urothelial bladder tumours but a significant proportion of these had high-risk disease. Some patients presented with aggressive, muscle invasive bladder cancer and consequently bladder cancer remains an important differential diagnosis in symptomatic patients regardless of age.
The Importance of Stone Retrieval in the Modern Management of Urolithiasis
Authors: Khela Ahman , Ravindranaadan Manoj , Jones Adam , Asghar Adnan , Mahmalji Wasim 
Published: May 2020

Background and Objectives World urolithiasis is increasing with a 70% increase in hospital admissions between 2000 and 2015. Stone analysis can allow for the identification of metabolic conditions and stone retrieval may decrease the need for follow-up imaging, reducing costs and patient radiation. This study aimed to see if introducing the UroPro© Stone catcher into our practise would increase stone retrieval thus increasing stone analysis rates and reducing the need for follow-up imaging. Methods Between November 2018 and July 2019 patients receiving ESWL or being conservatively managed for a ureteric stone were discharged with a Paramount Medical solutions UroPro© Stone Catcher. Both groups of patients were asked to complete a patient survey regarding the product. Results There were 27 patients recruited. 14 from SWL and 13 from acute admissions. 22 responses were received in total: 10 from acute admissions and 12 from ESWL. 5 patients were uncontactable. 30% (n=3) of the acute patients passed and caught a stone negating the need for further imaging. 30% (n=3) did not pass their stone and required either emergency or elective intervention. 1 patient passed his stone into the toilet whilst another had the stone in their bladder when they were taken to theatre. 20% (n=2) patients but did not catch their stone requiring follow-up imaging which revealed the stone had passed. In the ESWL group 16% (n=2) caught a fragment, the rest found they only passed dust. Stone analysis was performed in all 5 patients who returned a fragment. A total of 73% (n=16) of patients reported over 75% compliance with the stone catcher. 59% (n=13) reported that the stone catcher was easy to use whilst 27% (n=6) found it hard. When given a choice of sieving methods. Only 6 patients (27%) would opt to use the stone catcher with over half, 64% (n=14), preferring more traditional methods of sieving urine over the stone catcher. Conclusion The UroPro© stone catcher did increase the number of stones caught and sent for analysis. However, many patients preferred the older ‘sieving’ methods. Stone catchers retail at £5.50, therefore ‘sieving’ remains more cost-effective. Stone retrieval in any form remains advantageous as confirming stone passage saves the patient 0.5 to 2.8 mSv of radiation from follow-up imaging, the NHS circa £100 per unnecessary follow-up computed tomography (CT) scan and aids metabolic analysis. Over time both factors may be substantial. Therefore, emphasizing the benefits and importance to patients to sieve their urine regardless of the techniques is paramount in the modern management of urolithiasis.
HISTIOCITOSE CEFÁLICA BENIGNA
Authors: Pereira Neide , Brinca Ana , Tellechea Óscar , Cordeiro Margarida Robalo 
Published: May 2020

A histiocitose cefálica benigna faz parte do grupo das histiocitoses de células não-Langerhans. De etio- logia desconhecida, é uma doença autolimitada, que surge na infância e se caracteriza por lesões papulosas que afetam fundamentalmente a face. Descrevemos o caso clínico de uma criança de 10 meses de idade que apresentava desde há 6 meses lesões papu- losas, eritemato-amareladas, assintomáticas e de localização exclusiva à face. O estudo histológico e imuno-histo- químico revelou a presença de um infiltrado difuso de histiócitos em toda a derme, negativo para a proteína S100 e CD1a e positivo para CD68. Perante o diagnóstico de histiocitose cefálica benigna, optou-se por uma atitude expec- tante verificando-se regressão clínica completa após um ano de seguimento. Desde a sua descrição por Gianotti, et al. em 1971, apenas 40 casos foram descritos na literatura.PALAVRAS-CHAVE – Histiocitose cefálica benigna; Histiocitoses de células não-Langerhans; Doença autolimitada.
Predictive Value of the First Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Garrido P. M. , Borges-Costa J. , Soares-Almeida L. , Filipe P. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Patients with previous non-melanoma skin cancer have an increased risk of developing another skin cancer and some studies suggest that the histological type of the incident tumour can predict the one of the subsequently diagnosed. The aim of this study was to assess a correlation between the histological type of the first and the subsequent non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosed in immunocompetent patients and in different settings of immunosuppression.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients without previous skin cancer, with the diagnosis of two or more non-melanoma skin cancer between January 1st, 2008 and December 31th, 2017.
Results: A total of 413 patients were included. Fifty-one individuals (12.4%) were immunosuppressed. There was a significative association between the histological type of the first and the subsequent non-melanoma skin cancer diagnosed both in immunocompetent and in immunosuppressed patients, with a higher probability of developing a tumour of the same histological type (p<0.001). This association was also significative in patients with the diagnosis of a hematologic malignancy. The mean interval between the two diagnoses was 30 months (range 7-111). Forty-three patients (10.4%) presented a subsequent tumour after more than five years of follow-up.
Conclusion: The histological type of the incident non-melanoma skin cancer predicted the risk of developing another tumour of the same type. For the first time, we showed this correlation in patients with a hematologic malignancy. High-risk individuals may benefit from a long-lasting follow-up of at least ten years.