bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wwc2is a novel cell division regulator during preimplantation mouse embryo lineage formation and oogenesis
Authors: Virnicchi Giorgio , Bora Pablo , Gahurová Lenka , Šušor Andrej , Bruce Alexander W. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTFormation of a mature and hatching mouse blastocyst marks the end of the preimplantation development, whereby regulated cell cleavages culminate in the formation of three distinct lineages. We report dysregulated expression ofWwc2, an ill-characterised paralog of the Hippo-signalling activatorKibra/Wwc1, is specifically associated with cell autonomous deficits in embryo cell number and cell division abnormalities, typified by imbalanced daughter cell chromatin segregation. Division phenotypes are also observed during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation, asWwc2dysregulation blocks progression to the fertilisation competent stage of meiosis II metaphase arrest, characterised by spindle defects and failed Aurora-A kinase (AURKA) activation. Such cell division defects, each occurring in the absence of centrosomes, are fully reversible by expression of recombinant HA-epitope tagged WWC2, restoring activated oocyte AURKA levels. Additionally, clonal dysregulation implicatesWwc2in maintaining the pluripotent late blastocyst stage epiblast lineage. Thus,Wwc2is a novel regulator of meiotic and early mitotic cell divisions, and mouse blastocyst cell-fate.
ThePseudomonas aeruginosalectin LecB causes integrin internalization to facilitate crawling of bacteria underneath host cells
Authors: Thuenauer Roland , Landi Alessia , Trefzer Anne , Altmann Silke , Wehrum Sarah , Eierhoff Thorsten , Diedrich Britta , Dengjel Jörn , Nyström Alexander , Imberty Anne , Römer Winfried 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe opportunistic bacteriumPseudomonas aeruginosaproduces the fucose-specific lectin LecB, which has been identified as virulence factor. LecB has a tetrameric structure with four opposing binding sites and has been shown to act as crosslinker. Here, we demonstrate that LecB strongly binds to the glycosylated moieties of β1-integrins on the basolateral plasma membrane of epithelial cells and caused rapid integrin endocytosis. Whereas internalized integrins were degraded via a lysosomal pathway, washout of LecB restored integrin cell surface localization, thus indicating a specific and direct action of LecB on integrins to bring about their endocytosis. Interestingly, LecB was able to trigger uptake of active and inactive β1-integrins and also of complete α3β1-integrin - laminin complexes. We provide a mechanistic explanation for this unique endocytic process by showing that LecB has the additional ability to recognize fucose-bearing glycosphingolipids and caused the formation of membrane invaginations on giant unilamellar vesicles. In cells, LecB recruited integrins to these invaginations by crosslinking integrins and glycosphingolipids. In epithelial wound healing assays, LecB specifically cleared integrins from the surface of cells located at the wound edge and blocked cell migration and wound healing in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the wild typeP. aeruginosastrain PAO1 was able to loosen cell-substrate adhesion in order to crawl underneath exposed cells, whereas knockout of LecB significantly reduced crawling events. Based on these results we suggest that LecB has a role in disseminating bacteria along the cell - basement membrane interface.ImportancePseudomonas aeruginosais a ubiquitous environmental bacterium that is one of the leading causes for nosocomial infections.P. aeruginosais able to switch between planktonic, intracellular, and biofilm-based lifestyles, which allows it to evade the immune system as well as antibiotic treatment. Hence, alternatives to antibiotic treatment are urgently required to combatP. aeruginosainfections. Lectins, like the fucose-specific LecB, are promising targets, because removal of LecB resulted in decreased virulence in mouse models. Currently, several research groups are developing LecB inhibitors. However, the role of LecB in host-pathogen interaction is not well understood. The significance of our research is in identifying cellular mechanisms how LecB facilitatesP. aeruginosainfection: We introduce LecB as new member to the list of bacterial molecules that bind integrins and show thatP. aeruginosacan efficiently move forward underneath attached epithelial cells by loosening cell - basement membrane attachment in a LecB-dependent manner.
Leaf chemical defences and insect herbivory in oak: accounting for canopy position unravels marked genetic relatedness effects
Authors: Valdés-Correcher Elena , Bourdin Audrey , González-Martínez Santiago C. , Moreira Xoaquín , Galmán Andrea , Castagneyrol Bastien , Hampe Arndt 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsHighly controlled experiments revealed that plant genetic diversity and relatedness can shape herbivore communities and patterns of herbivory. Evidence from the field is scarce and inconsistent. We assessed whether a genetic signal underlying herbivory can be detected in oak forest stands when accounting for variation at smaller (within-tree) and larger (among-stand) scales.MethodsWe tested relationships between tree genetic relatedness, leaf chemical defences and insect herbivory at different canopy layers in 240 trees from 15 Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) forest stands and partitioned sources of variability in herbivory and defences among stands, individuals, and branches.Key ResultsLeaf defences, insect herbivory, and their relationship differed systematically between the upper and the lower tree canopy. When accounting for this canopy effect, the variation explained by tree genetic relatedness rose from 2.8 to 34.1 % for herbivory and from 7.1 to 13.8 % for leaf defences. The effect was driven by markedly stronger relationships in the upper canopy.ConclusionsOur findings illustrate that properly accounting for other sources of variation acting at different scales can reveal potentially relevant effects of the host plant genotype on patterns of leaf chemical defences and associated insect herbivory in natural tree populations.
An original framework for strategic technology development of small manufacturing enterprises in emerging economies
Authors: Nanda Tarun , Gupta Himanshu , Singh Tejinder P. , Kusi-Sarpong Simonov , Jabbour Chiappetta Jose Charbel , Cherri Adriana 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Technology and knowledge have become the buzzwords of the new millennium. Technological changes and demanding customers are creating a more knowledge intensive, turbulent, complex and uncertain environment. Organizations, which are able to continually build faster and cheaper new strategic assets than their competitors, create long-term competitive advantages. Thus, the growth of companies is directly associated with innovativeness and technological development, especially for small organizations that are more vulnerable to dynamic changes in market place. Organizations need a strategic framework that can help them to achieve the goal of technology development and competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to develop such strategic framework for small organizations for their technology development and, hence, survival in marketplace.

Design/methodology/approach
Options field methodology, options profile methodology, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy set theory are utilized to generate various options and profiles to propose a conceptual framework for technology development.

Findings
The results from the study showed that “mixed approach,” “strategic simulation approach” and the “regulatory environment approach,” in this order, emerged as the top three important options for the strategic technological development of small manufacturing enterprises.

Originality/value
This result can provide an original and more accurate implementation pathway toward technological innovative development in emerging economies. The proposed framework can provide valuable guidelines and recommendations to practicing managers and analysts for policy development to promote innovative and technological developments.
Numerical study on instantaneous radial force of a centrifugal pump for different working conditions
Authors: Jia Xiaoqi , Yuan Sheng , Zhu Zuchao , Cui Baoling 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Instantaneous radial force induced from unsteady flow will intensify vibration noise of the centrifugal pump, especially under off-design working conditions, which will affect safety reliability of pump operation in severe cases. This paper aims to conduct unsteady numerical computation on one centrifugal pump; thus, unsteady fluid radial force upon the impeller and volute is obtained, so as to study the evolution law of instantaneous radial force, the internal relationship between radial force and pressure pulsation, the relationship among each composition of radial force that the impeller received and the influence of leakage rate of front and back chamber on radial force.

Design/methodology/approach
The unsteady numerical simulation with SST k-ω turbulence model was carried out for a low specific-speed centrifugal pump using computational fluid dynamics codes FLUENT. The performance tests and pressure tests were conducted by a closed loop system. The performance curves and the pressure distribution from numerical simulation agree with that of the experiment conducted. The unsteady pressure distributions and the instantaneous radial forces induced from unsteady flow were analyzed under different flow rates. Contribution degrees of three components of the radial force on the impeller and the relation between the radial force and leakage rate were analyzed.

Findings
Radial force on the volute and pressure pulsation on the volute wall have the same distribution tendency, but in contrast to the distribution trend of the radial force on the impeller. In the component of radial force that the impeller received, radial force on the blade accounts for the main position. With the decrease of flow rate, ratio of the radial force on front and back casings will be increased; under large flow rate, vortex and flow blockage at volute section will enhance the pressure and radial force fluctuation greatly, and the pulsation degree may be much more intense than that of a smaller flow rate.

Originality/value
This paper revealed the relation of the radial force and the pressure pulsation. Meanwhile, contribution degrees of three components of the radial force on the impeller under different working conditions as well as the relation between the radial force and leakage rate of front and rear chambers were analyzed.
Consumer adoption of smartphone fitness apps: an extended UTAUT2 perspective
Authors: Dhiman Neeraj , Arora Neelika , Dogra Nikita , Gupta Anil 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of user adoption of smartphone fitness apps in context of an emerging economy.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study uses the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) as the base model along with two additional constructs, i.e. self-efficacy and personal innovativeness. The data collection was done through an online survey, wherein a total of 324 valid responses were obtained for the statistical analysis. All the hypothesized relationships were tested through partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) using an open source programming language and software environment, i.e. R Software along with plspm-package.

Findings
Significant predictors of smartphone fitness app adoption intention include effort expectancy, social influence, perceived value, habit and personal innovativeness. Further, this study confirms significant relationship between personal innovativeness and habit, self-efficacy and effort expectancy and effort expectancy and performance expectation. This study reveals that personal innovativeness is the strongest predictor of behavioural intention. Contrary to the expectations, factors like performance expectancy, facilitating conditions and hedonic motivation did not influence behavioural intention.

Practical implications
This study gives significant clues to app developers that can drastically influence the adoption of fitness apps. The findings suggest that marketers should focus on users with high personal innovativeness that can further act as role models and significantly influence their social circle. Interestingly, the findings suggest that fitness apps, as compared to other apps, should not emphasize much on the hedonic value of their offerings.

Originality/value
This study is one of the few studies to examine the adoption of smartphone fitness apps in an emerging economy context by using extended version of UTAUT2 model. Further, this study shows how new endogenous and exogenous variables (i.e. self-efficacy and personal innovativeness) contribute to better explanatory power of the UTAUT2 framework.
Between trust and control in R&D alliances
Authors: Henttonen Kaisa , Hurmelinna-Laukkanen Pia , Blomqvist Kirsimarja 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Trust and control through contracting have been juxtaposed in many studies addressing interorganizational collaboration and knowledge exchange. In this study, the authors move from the opposite ends of a continuum between trust as an attitude and control exercised through formal contracts toward the center of the continuum where trust and contracting start to show similar features. The authors ask how trust in its analytical form and control gained through establishing informal protection for knowledge assets affect the innovation and market performance of firms engaged in research and development (R&D) alliances.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors examine the existing literature and conduct a quantitative empirical study to answer the research question.

Findings
The authors find, first, that controlling an organization’s own knowledge assets in R&D alliances with informal means of protection can be more effective than a strategy of controlling the alliance through formal contracts. Second, the authors find that an analytical audit of partner trustworthiness, and especially partner capabilities and goodwill can be more effective than trust as an attitude.

Research limitations/implications
The findings support softening the sharp distinction between trust and control and provide evidence on the relevance of highlighting the firm point of view in knowledge management in R&D alliance governance.

Originality/value
The study adds to the existing understanding of trust and control in R&D alliance governance. Specifically, the authors turn the focus from interorganizational governance to intra-organizational knowledge management measures, and particularly toward how a focal actor can take an analytical approach to evaluate partner trustworthiness and use informal control in protecting its own knowledge assets. Consequently, this study also provides a plausible explanation for the contradictory findings in studies that examine the relationship between trust and control. The study indicates that depending on the specific nature of trust and control, they can be either a complement or a supplement factors: the extreme forms of trust and control are notably different from those forms that share similar features.
Well data mapping validation
Authors: Krilov D. , Krylova M. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTSome key geologic data can only be obtained from wells. This article provides original technology concerning the geological mapping validation of complex anomalous zones based on information obtained from irregular or sparse drilling. Only complex non‐unique cases of geologic characteristics delineation (i.e. characterized by multiple solutions) are considered here. Representative groups of multiple mapping solutions (i.e. essential variations in anomaly zones delineation in terms of size and location) are analysed in order to optimize and verify the mapping parameters. Minor interpolation discrepancies not influencing the geologic interpretation, for example, resulting from specificities of different interpolation techniques or insignificant mapping procedure corrections, are neglected. The mapping error can be quantitatively assessed by the cross validation error analysis. Maps can be optimized by the proper choice of the interpolation algorithm and data filtering. Using trial‐and‐error schema, interpolation and filtering options are tested and mapping errors are compared. Single assessments or selective tests of the mapping accuracy often cannot lead to the best solution. The optimization procedure can be used for mapping verification, accuracy assessment and mapping parameter optimization. It may also be used to find an optimal balance between the mapping accuracy and the resolution by interpolants (i.e. initial well data) test processing. The interpolation algorithms used here are most technologically fit for a check comparison – not as a substitution of the existing mapping technologies. After positive mapping validation, a common procedure of interpolation can be started. Franke's theoretical work on scattered data interpolation and Krilov's smart averaging interpolation tests were used here to substantiate the well data mapping validation technology. The authors tried not to delve deep into the theory and interpolation testing details using due references and concentrating on the technology procedure and algorithm description.
Zygotic splitting following embryo biopsy: a cohort study of 207 697 single‐embryo transfers following IVF treatment
Authors: Kamath MS , Antonisamy B , Sunkara SK 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of monozygotic splitting with embryo biopsy during in vitro fertilisation (IVF).DesignA cohort study.SettingAnonymised assisted reproductive technology national data from the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority, UK.PopulationWomen undergoing single‐embryo transfer (SET) following either pre‐implantation genetic testing (PGT) involving embryo biopsy or IVF without PGT.MethodsData on women undergoing SET either following PGT and non‐PGT IVF treatment in 2000–2016 were analysed to compare the risk of zygotic splitting and monozygotic twining. Logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for potential confounders.Main outcomesMonozygotic spitting, monozygotic twin birth.ResultsData comprising a total of 207 697 SET cycles (4544 following PGT and 203 153 following non‐PGT IVF) were analysed. The live birth rate per embryo transfer was 31.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 30.5–33.2%) following PGT and 26.9% (95% CI 26.7–27.1%) following non‐PGT IVF. The incidence of zygotic splitting following PGT was 2.4% (95% CI 1.7–3.3%) versus 1.5% (95% CI 1.4–1.6%) following non‐PGT IVF. There was a significantly higher risk of zygotic splitting with PGT versus non‐PGT IVF cycles (odds ratio [OR] 1.64, 95% CI 1.19–2.27). The higher risk of zygotic splitting with PGT cycles remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.06–2.15).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated an increased risk of monozygotic splitting with embryo biopsy. Given the current sparse literature, it is important to accumulate further evidence to validate the findings.Tweetable abstractA likely increased risk of monozygotic splitting following embryo biopsy.
Do people want a ‘fairer’ electoral system? An experimental study in four countries
Authors: PLESCIA CAROLINA , BLAIS ANDRÉ , HÖGSTRÖM JOHN 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhen judging how ‘fair’ voting rules are, a fundamental criterion used by both scholars and politicians is their ability or inability to produce proportional results – that is, the extent parties’ seat distribution after the elections accurately reflects their vote shares. How about citizens? Do citizens care about how proportional the outcome is? Or do they judge the outcome solely on the basis of how well (or poorly) their party performed? Taking advantage of a uniquely designed survey experiment, this article investigates the causal effect of proportionality on voter support for voting rules in four countries: Austria, England, Ireland and Sweden. The results show that proportionality drives support for the voting rules not above, but beyond party performance. There is little cross‐country variation, which suggests that proportionality is appreciated in different contexts with little status quo bias. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the causal mechanisms linking electoral rules to voter support.
Dynamic determination of functional liver capacity with the LiMAx test in post‐cardiac arrest patients undergoing targeted temperature management—A prospective trial
Authors: Nee Jens , Schroeder Tim , Vornholt Florian , Schaeuble Julian , Leithner Christoph , Stockmann Martin , Storm Christian 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundTransiently increased transaminases is a common finding after cardiac arrest but little is known about the functional liver capacity (LiMAx) during the post‐cardiac arrest syndrome and treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this trial was to evaluate liver function capacity in post‐cardiac arrest survivors undergoing targeted temperature management (TTM) in ICU.MethodsThirty‐two post‐cardiac arrest survivors were prospectively included with all patients undergoing TTM at 33°C for 24 hours. Blood samples were collected, and LiMAx testing was performed at days 1, 2, 5, and 10 post‐cardiac arrest. LiMAx is a non‐invasive, in vivo, dynamic breath test determining cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) capacity using intravenous (IV) 13C‐methacetin, thus reflecting maximum liver function capacity. Static liver parameters were determined and compared to LiMAx values.ResultsA typical pattern of transiently, mildly increased transaminases was demonstrated without fulfilling the criteria for hypoxic hepatitis (HH). CYP1A2 activity was reduced with slow normalization over 10 days (lowest median 48 hours after cardiac arrest: 228.5 (25‐75 percentile 105.2‐301.7 μg/kg/h, P < .05). Parameters reflecting the liver synthetic function were not impaired, as assessed by, in standard laboratory testing.ConclusionLiver functional capacity is impaired in patients after cardiac arrest undergoing TTM at 33°C. More data are needed to determine if liver functional capacity may add relevant information, especially in the context of pharmacotherapy, to individualize post‐cardiac arrest care.