bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic yield of EUS-guided through-the-needle microforceps biopsy versus EUS-FNA of pancreatic cystic lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Westerveld Donevan R. , Ponniah Sandeep A. , Draganov Peter V. , Yang Dennis 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Accurate diagnosis and risk stratification of pancreatic cysts (PCs) is challenging. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the feasibility, safety, and diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided through-the-needle biopsy (TTNB) versus fine-needle aspiration (FNA) in PCs.
Methods Comprehensive search of databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science) for relevant studies on TTNB of PCs (from inception to June 2019). The primary outcome was to compare the pooled diagnostic yield and concordance rate with surgical pathology of TTNB histology and FNA cytology of PCs. The secondary outcome was to estimate the safety profile of TTNB.
Results: Eight studies (426 patients) were included. The diagnostic yield was significantly higher with TTNB over FNA for a specific cyst type (OR: 9.4; 95 % CI: [5.7–15.4]; I2 = 48) or a mucinous cyst (MC) (OR: 3.9; 95 % CI: [2.0–7.4], I2 = 72 %). The concordance rate with surgical pathology was significantly higher with TTNB over FNA for a specific cyst type (OR: 13.5; 95 % CI: [3.5–52.3]; I2 = 48), for a MC (OR: 8.9; 95 % [CI: 1.9–40.8]; I2 = 29), and for MC histologic severity (OR: 10.4; 95 % CI: [2.9–36.9]; I2 = 0). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of TTNB for MCs were 90.1 % (95 % CI: [78.4–97.6]; I2 = 36.5 %) and 94 % (95 % CI: [81.5–99.7]; I2 = 0), respectively. The pooled adverse event rate was 7.0 % (95 % CI: [2.3–14.1]; I2 = 82.9).
Conclusions TTNB is safe, has a high sensitivity and specificity for MCs and may be superior to FNA cytology in risk-stratifying MCs and providing a specific cyst diagnosis.
Uptake and barriers for implementation of the resect and discard strategy: an international survey
Authors: Willems Philippe , Djinbachian Roupen , Ditisheim Saskia , Orkut Sinan , Pohl Heiko , Barkun Alan , Bouin Mickael , Faulques Bernard , von Renteln Daniel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Optical real-time diagnosis (= resect-and-discard strategy) is an alternative to histopathology for diminutive colorectal polyps. However, clinical adoption of this approach seems sparse. We were interested in evaluating potential clinical uptake and barriers for implementation of this approach.
Methods We conducted an international survey using the “Google forms” platform. Nine endoscopy societies distributed the survey. Survey questions measured current clinical uptake and barriers for implementing the resect-and-discard strategy, perceived cancer risk associated with diminutive polyps and potential concerns with using CT-colonography as follow-up, as well as non-resection of diminutive polyps.
Results Eight hundred and eight endoscopists participated in the survey. 84.2 % (95 % CI 81.6 %–86.7 %) of endoscopists are currently not using the resect-and-discard strategy and 59.9 % (95 % CI 56.5 %–63.2 %) do not believe that the resect-and-discard strategy is feasible for implementation in its current form. European (38.5 %) and Asian (45 %) endoscopists had the highest rates of resect-and-discard practice, while Canadian (13.8 %) and American (5.1 %) endoscopists had some of the lowest implementation rates. 80.3 % (95 % CI 77.5 %–83.0 %) of endoscopists believe that using the resect-and-discard strategy for diminutive polyps will not increase cancer risk. 48.4 % (95 % CI 45.0 %–51.9 %) of endoscopists believe that leaving diminutive polyps in place is associated with increased cancer risk. This proportion was slightly higher (54.7 %; 95 % CI 53.6 %–60.4 %) when asked if current CT-colonography screening practice might increase cancer risks.
Conclusion Clinical uptake of resect-and-discard is very low. Most endoscopists believe that resect-and-discard is not feasible for clinical implementation in its current form. The most important barriers for implementation are fear of making an incorrect diagnosis, assigning incorrect surveillance intervals and medico-legal consequences.
The International Academy of Health Sciences Informatics (IAHSI): IMIAs Academy is Now Established and on Track
Authors: Haux Reinhold , Ball Marion J. , Kimura Michio , Martin-Sanchez Fernando , Otero Paula , Huesing Elaine , Koch Sabine , Lehmann Christoph U. 
Published: April 2020

Summary
Objectives: To summarize the major activities of the International Academy of Health Sciences Informatics (IAHSI) from 2018 until 2019, and to provide an outline of actions planned for 2020.
Method: Reporting about these activities and actions by the members of the Academy's first Board.
Results: Academy bylaws were accepted by the Academy Plenary and the IMIA General Assembly on August 25th, 2019 and August 26th, 2019, respectively. Academy's strategy and focus areas were developed. Based on the Academy's eligibility criteria, the 2018/2019 Class made of 26 new Academy Fellows was elected. Future activities will concentrate on building taskforces for developing and implementing major Academy focus areas.
Conclusions: We are glad to report that the Academy is strong and thriving.
Methylene Blue versus Coil-Based Computed Tomography-Guided Localization of Lung Nodules
Authors: Zhang Ze-Dong , Wang Hua-Long , Liu Xian-Yan , Xia Feng-Fei , Fu Yu-Fei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Preoperative computed tomography (CT)-guided localization has been shown to significantly improve lung nodule video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)-based wedge resection technical success rates. However, at present, there was insufficient research regarding the optimal approaches to localization of these nodules prior to resection. We aimed to compare the relative clinical efficacy of preoperative CT-guided methylene blue and coil-based lung nodule localization.
Methods In total, 91 patients with lung nodules were subjected to either CT-guided methylene blue (n = 34) or coil (n = 57) localization and VATS resection from January 2014 to December 2018. We compared baseline data, localization-associated complication rates, as well as the technical success of localization and resection between these two groups of patients.
Results In total, 42 lung nodules in 34 patients underwent methylene blue localization, with associated localization and wedge resection technical success rates of 97.6 and 97.6%, respectively. A total of 71 lung nodules in 57 patients underwent coil localization, with associated localization and wedge resection technical success rates of 94.4 and 97.2%, respectively. There were no significant differences in technical success rates of localization or wedge resection between these groups (p = 0.416 and 1.000, respectively). The coil group sustained a longer duration between localization and VATS relative to the methylene blue group (13.2 vs. 2.5 hours, p = 0.003).
Conclusion Both methylene blue and coil localization can be safely and effectively implemented for conducting the diagnostic wedge resection of lung nodules. The coil-based approach is compatible with a longer period of time between localization and VATS procedures.
Les cigognes de Cîteaux attendant la bénédiction du prieur
Authors: Berlioz Jacques 
Published: April 2020

Résumé
Dans son Dialogue des miracles, composé entre 1219 et 1223, le moine cistercien Césaire de Heisterbach propose deux récits présentés comme des ‘miracles’: les pigeons auxquels un chevalier donna la permission de s’envoler; les cigognes auxquelles le prieur de Cîteaux donna la bénédiction. Ces deux exempla (le second est ici plus particulièrement analysé) offrent des détails très réalistes qui, semblant issus de l’observation ou provenant de sources savantes, participent à l’authenticité des ‘miracles’, qui possèdent une évidente portée morale. Le récit du départ des cigognes est mis au service tant du respect de la discipline monastique que de la lutte contre l’ingratitude face aux bénéfices dus à Dieu. À l’argument a fortiori (des oiseaux pourtant privés de raison font leçon aux hommes) s’ajoute celui d’une fusion ontologique entre l’homme et l’oiseau: la cigogne, tolérée dans les abbayes cisterciennes pour son utilité (elle chasse les animaux nuisibles) est au Moyen Âge plus qu’un oiseau. Des croyances de métamorphose bien attestées en Occident en font un homme une fois qu’elle est parvenue, au terme de sa migration, en Orient. De plus, la cigogne a quasiment taille humaine. Sa couleur dominante, le blanc, renvoie à l’habit des Cisterciens. Le moine peut se projeter, voire s’assimiler à la cigogne. La force du récit exemplaire s’en voit ainsi affermie.
Changes in countermovement jump performance and subjective readiness‐to‐train scores following a simulated soccer match
Authors: Lombard Wayne , Starling Lindsay , Wewege Luke , Lambert Michael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe study investigated whether countermovement jump (CMJ) metrics and subjective responses to a readiness‐to‐train questionnaire (RTT‐Q) tracked simulated match‐induced acute fatigue. This was a randomized cross‐over repeated measures study. Participants were assigned into one of two groups; CONTROL or LIST. The LIST group performed the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Run (LIST), which was designed to simulate the demands of a soccer match. The CONTROL performed light physical activity at an intensity of <65% of maximal heart rate. Each group performed three CMJ's and completed an RTT‐Q before (PRE), and again at 24 and 48 h after the LIST and/or CONTROL interventions. At 24 h there were significant differences in RTT‐Q answers between the Pre and 24 h for the LIST group for questions; “Do you feel physically strong today?” and “Do you have muscle soreness today?” (p = 0.02 and 0.0008, respectively). The questions “Do you feel mentally strong today?” and “Do you have muscle soreness today?” (p = 0.02 and p = 0.0001 respectively) were the only questions that had a significant difference between Pre and 48 h for the LIST group. None of the CMJ metrics (LIST or CONTROL) changed significantly at any stage of the experiment. Although fatigue was detected by changes in the RTT‐Q at 24 and 48 h after the LIST, none of the CMJ metrics changed. These findings suggest that subjective measures are more sensitive to low‐level fatigue than objective measures, thus effective monitoring should include both.
A systematic review of the energy and climate impacts of teleworking
Authors: Hook Andrew , Court Victor , Sovacool Benjamin K , Sorrell Steve 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) increasingly enable employees to work from home and other locations (‘teleworking’). This study explores the extent to which teleworking reduces the need to travel to work and the consequent impacts on economy-wide energy consumption. The paper provides a systematic review of the current state of knowledge of the energy impacts of teleworking. This includes the energy savings from reduced commuter travel and the indirect impacts on energy consumption associated with changes in non-work travel and home energy consumption. The aim is to identify the conditions under which teleworking leads to a net reduction in economy-wide energy consumption, and the circumstances where benefits may be outweighed by unintended impacts. The paper synthesises the results of 39 empirical studies, identified through a comprehensive search of 9000 published articles. Twenty six of the 39 studies suggest that teleworking reduces energy use, and only eight studies suggest that teleworking increases, or has a neutral impact on energy use. However, differences in the methodology, scope and assumptions of the different studies make it difficult to estimate ‘average’ energy savings. The main source of savings is the reduced distance travelled for commuting, potentially with an additional contribution from lower office energy consumption. However, the more rigorous studies that include a wider range of impacts (e.g. non-work travel or home energy use) generally find smaller savings. Despite the generally positive verdict on teleworking as an energy-saving practice, there are numerous uncertainties and ambiguities about its actual or potential benefits. These relate to the extent to which teleworking may lead to unpredictable increases in non-work travel and home energy use that may outweigh the gains from reduced work travel. The available evidence suggests that economy-wide energy savings are typically modest, and in many circumstances could be negative or non-existent.
On certain distance and degree based topological indices of Zeolite LTA frameworks
Authors: Prabhu S , Murugan G , Cary Michael , Arulperumjothi M , Liu Jia-Bao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Zeolites are aluminosilicates with extensive application both commercially and in materials science. Current applications include dehydrating natural gas and in humidity sensors. Synthesis of new frameworks is an important area of research in chemistry and materials science. The Zeolite LTA framework in particular is getting much attention in this area due to its potential for application. Topological indices are graph invariants which provide information on the structure of graphs and have proven very useful in quantitative structure activity relationships (QSAR) and quantitative structure property relationships (QSPR) at predicting important chemico-phyiscal aspects of chemical compounds. In this paper we compute nine of the most significant distance based topological indices of the Zeolite LTA framework and thirteen valency based molecular descriptors.
Effect of hydrogen embrittlement and non-metallic inclusions on tensile fracture properties of 55CrSi spring steel
Authors: Li Na , Wang Wei , Liang Qimin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The tensile fracture behavior of 55CrSi spring steels were investigated. The results demonstrate that interior inclusion and hydrogen level has a significant effect on ductility and a minimal effect on tensile strength of the spring steel. It was due to the effect of cracking from MgO-Al2O3 spinel inclusion or the inclusions with a mixture of CaO, SiO2 and part of Al2O3 due to hydrogen. The results of SEM showed that the ductility reduction is connected with the formation of ‘fisheye’ which formed under the influence of mobile hydrogen. For the specimen containing MgO-Al2O3 spinel inclusion, the fracture surface in the ‘fisheye’ area is mainly composed of three regions including typical quasi-cleavage mixed intergranular fracture, dimple mixed transgranular fractures and ductile fracture from the interior to the edge, whereas there is no obvious transition zone from brittle fracture to dimple fracture in the ‘fisheye’ area of the specimen containing inclusions with a mixture of CaO, SiO2 and part of Al2O3.
Barusiban, a selective oxytocin receptor antagonist: placental transfer in rabbit, monkey, and human†
Authors: Helmer Hanns , Saleh Leila , Petricevic Ljubomir , Knöfler Martin , Reinheimer Torsten M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The use of drugs in pregnancy always raises concerns regarding potential fetal exposure and possible adverse effects through their accumulation in fetal tissues and organs. Barusiban is an oxytocin antagonist under development for potential use as tocolytic in preterm-labor patients. It displays greater affinity for the oxytocin receptor compared to vasopressin V1A receptor and would thus not interfere with vasopressin-induced effects of the V1A receptor. Barusiban placental transfer was determined in the rabbit and cynomolgus monkey and in an ex vivo human cotyledon model. In the rabbit, there was an approximately 5% transfer of barusiban from the maternal to the fetal blood, without significant accumulation in any of the investigated fetal tissues. In the cynomolgus monkeys, the mean fetal plasma barusiban concentration was 9.1% of the maternal level. This was similar to the percentage of barusiban transfer in the human placental single cotyledon, which once equilibrated ranged between 9.3 and 11.0% over the observation period. The transfer of the small-molecule antipyrine as a comparator in this human model was approximately three times greater. The similarity in the degree of transfer in the cynomolgus monkey and human cotyledon, while being less in the rabbit, may reflect the species-specific placental barrier structure between the maternal and fetal compartments. In conclusion, limited placental transfer of barusiban occurred in all three models. The similarity of barusiban transfer in the cynomolgus and the human placental single cotyledon suggests the latter ex vivo model to be useful in assessing future drug candidates to be used in pregnant women.
Plasma or Serum: Which Is Preferable for Mutation Detection in Liquid Biopsy?
Authors: Pittella-Silva Fabio , Chin Yoon Ming , Chan Hiu Ting , Nagayama Satoshi , Miyauchi Eisaku , Low Siew-Kee , Nakamura Yusuke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundBlood-based analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising tool for cancer screening, monitoring relapse/recurrence and evaluating response to treatment. Although plasma is widely used to obtain ctDNA, biorepositories worldwide possess a huge number of serum samples and comparative studies on the use of serum vs plasma as ctDNA sources are essential.MethodsWe analyzed cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from matched EDTA-plasma and serum samples from healthy donors and patients with colorectal or lung cancer, and used targeted next-generation sequencing to evaluate mutation detection efficiency and reproducibility. Matched samples from healthy individuals were spiked with reference oligonucleotides and sequenced using the Ion-S5 Oncomine-Pan-Cancer panel. Detection efficiency in matched samples from patients with cancer was evaluated using 2 distinct gene panels and compared to mutations found in tissue-biopsy samples at diagnosis.ResultsMean total cfDNA was 55% higher in serum samples and the presence of longer DNA fragments was significantly increased in serum compared with plasma samples (P = 0.0001 to 0.015). Spiked mutated nucleotides were detected in both samples, but allele frequencies (AF) were approximately half in serum compared with plasma, suggesting ctDNA from serum was more diluted by DNA of noncancerous origins. Matched samples from patients with cancer revealed that up to 44.8% of mutations with low AF were missed in serum samples and concordance rates with somatic mutations found in tissue biopsy at diagnosis was better in plasma samples.ConclusionThe use of serum in retrospective studies should consider the limitations for detecting low AF mutations. Plasma is clearly preferable for prospective clinical applications of liquid biopsy.
The thrombotic risk of spaceflight: has a serious problem been overlooked for more than half of a century?
Authors: Limper Ulrich , Tank Jens , Ahnert Tobias , Maegele Marc , Grottke Oliver , Hein Marc , Jordan Jens 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The first ever venous thrombotic condition associated with spaceflight, an internal jugular vein thrombus requiring anticoagulation, has recently been reported. Systematic investigation of space travel-associated thrombotic risk has not been conducted. Cellular, animal, and human studies performed in ground-based models and in actual weightlessness revealed influences of weightlessness and gravity on the blood coagulation system. However, human study populations were small and limited to highly selected participants. Evidence in individuals with medical conditions and older persons is lacking. Evidence for thrombotic risk in spaceflight is unsatisfactory. This issue deserves further study in heterogeneous, high risk populations to find prevention strategies and to enable safe governmental and touristic human spaceflight.
Transcriptomic Profiling Reveals Extraordinary Diversity of Venom Peptides in Unexplored Predatory Gastropods of the Genus Clavus
Authors: Lu Aiping , Watkins Maren , Li Qing , Robinson Samuel D , Concepcion Gisela P , Yandell Mark , Weng Zhiping , Olivera Baldomero M , Safavi-Hemami Helena , Fedosov Alexander E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Predatory gastropods of the superfamily Conoidea number over 12,000 living species. The evolutionary success of this lineage can be explained by the ability of conoideans to produce complex venoms for hunting, defense, and competitive interactions. Whereas venoms of cone snails (family Conidae) have become increasingly well studied, the venoms of most other conoidean lineages remain largely uncharacterized. In the present study, we present the venom gland transcriptomes of two species of the genus Clavus that belong to the family Drilliidae. Venom gland transcriptomes of two specimens of Clavus canalicularis and two specimens of Clavus davidgilmouri were analyzed, leading to the identification of a total of 1,176 putative venom peptide toxins (drillipeptides). Based on the combined evidence of secretion signal sequence identity, entire precursor similarity search (BLAST), and the orthology inference, putative Clavus toxins were assigned to 158 different gene families. The majority of identified transcripts comprise signal, pro-, mature peptide, and post-regions, with a typically short (&lt;50 amino acids) and cysteine-rich mature peptide region. Thus, drillipeptides are structurally similar to conotoxins. However, convincing homology with known groups of Conus toxins was only detected for very few toxin families. Among these are Clavus counterparts of Conus venom insulins (drillinsulins), porins (drilliporins), and highly diversified lectins (drillilectins). The short size of most drillipeptides and structural similarity to conotoxins were unexpected, given that most related conoidean gastropod families (Terebridae and Turridae) possess longer mature peptide regions. Our findings indicate that, similar to conotoxins, drillipeptides may represent a valuable resource for future pharmacological exploration.
Probing depth and lateral variations of upper-mantle seismic anisotropy from full-waveform inversion of teleseismic body-waves
Authors: Beller Stephen , Chevrot Sébastien 
Published: April 2020

SUMMARY
While seismic anisotropy can potentially provide crucial insights into mantle dynamics, 3-D imaging of seismic anisotropy is still a challenging problem. Here, we present an extension of our regional full-waveform inversion method to image seismic anisotropy in the lithosphere and asthenosphere from teleseismic P and S waveforms. The models are parametrized in terms of density and the 21 elastic coefficients of the fourth-order elasticity tensor. The inversion method makes no a priori assumptions on the symmetry class or on the orientation of the symmetry axes. Instead, the elasticity tensors in the final models are decomposed with the projection method. This method allows us to determine the orientation of the symmetry axes and to extract the contributions of each symmetry class. From simple synthetic experiments, we demonstrate that our full-waveform inversion method is able to image complex 3-D anisotropic structures. In particular, the method is able to almost perfectly recover the general orientation of the symmetry axis or complex layered anisotropic models, which are both extremely challenging problems. We attribute this success to the joint exploitation of both P and S teleseismic waves, which constrain different parts of the elasticity tensor. Another key ingredient is the pre-conditioning of the gradient with an approximate inverse Hessian computed with scattering integrals. The inverse Hessian is crucial for mitigating the artefacts resulting from the uneven (mostly vertical) illumination of teleseismic acquisitions.