bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL‐1RN gene polymorphisms reduces thyroid cancer risk in Chinese Han population
Authors: Li Huajing , Wu Yue , Zhao Ruimin , Chen Xin , Ren Wanli , Li Honghui , Han Peng , Shao Yuan , Wang Jiansheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of IL‐1RN polymorphisms on thyroid cancer (TC) risk in Han population. Genotypes of four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs17042888, rs928940, rs3181052, and rs452204) were analyzed by Agena MassARRAY. Meanwhile, we used the logistic regression to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and significant differences were evaluated by t test and χ2 test. Findings found that allele “G” of rs452204 and rs3181052 in interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist (IL‐1RN) reduced the risk of TC. (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.55‐0.94, p = .017; OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.56‐0.94, p = .017, respectively). Hierarchical analysis indicated that three SNPs (rs17042888, rs3181052, and rs452204) significantly reduced the risk of TC among females or individuals older than 48 years (p < .05). Our findings indicate that IL‐1RN polymorphisms may contribute to a protective role against TC risk.
Radiomics‐based model for accurately distinguishing between severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and influenza A infected pneumonia
Authors: Zeng Qi‐Qiang , Zheng Kenneth I. , Chen Jun , Jiang Zheng‐Hao , Tian Tian , Wang Xiao‐Bo , Ma Hong‐Lei , Pan Ke‐Hua , Yang Yun‐Jun , Chen Yong‐Ping , Zheng Ming‐Hua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractClinicians have been faced with the challenge of differentiating between severe acute respiratory syndrome associated coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infected pneumonia (NCP) and influenza A infected pneumonia (IAP), a seasonal disease that coincided with the outbreak. We aim to develop a machine‐learning algorithm based on radiomics to distinguish NCP from IAP by texture analysis based on computed tomography (CT) imaging. Forty‐one NCP and 37 IAP patients admitted from January to February 6, 2019 admitted to two hospitals in Wenzhou, China. All patients had undergone chest CT examination and blood routine tests prior to receiving medical treatment. NCP was diagnosed by real‐time RT‐PCR assays. Eight of 56 radiomic features extracted by LIFEx were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to develop a radiomics score and subsequently constructed into a nomogram to predict NCP with area under the operating characteristics curve of 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.77‐0.93). The nomogram also showed excellent calibration with Hosmer‐Lemeshow test yielding a nonsignificant statistic (P = .904). The novel nomogram may efficiently distinguish between NCP and IAP patients. The nomogram may be incorporated to existing diagnostic algorithm to effectively stratify suspected patients for SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia.
Is pelvic floor muscle training able to alter the response of cardiovascular autonomic modulation and provide a possible cardiovascular benefit to pregnant women?
Authors: da Silva Corrêa Mikaela , Catai Aparecida M. , Milan‐Mattos Juliana C. , Porta Alberto , Driusso Patricia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the acute and chronic effect of an exercise protocol of pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) contraction on the heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variabilities and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) at rest in pregnant women; and to evaluate if this progressive exercise protocol was well‐tolerated by the pregnant women studied.MethodsWe evaluated 48 women at 18 weeks of pregnancy by vaginal palpation, vaginal manometry, and cardiopulmonary exercise test. They were divided in control (CG; 31.75 ± 3.91 years) and training groups (TG; 30.71 ± 3.94 years). At 19 and 36 weeks of pregnancy, electrocardiogram and noninvasive peripheral SAP data were collected at rest before and after 10 PFM contractions. TG performed PFMT from the 20th to the 36th week. HP and SAP variabilities were analyzed by spectral and symbolic analysis. The baroreflex was evaluated by cross‐spectral analysis between the HP and SAP series.ResultsThe groups did not differ in relation to VO2, HP and SAP variabilities, and BRS at the beginning of the protocol. TG increased the endurance of the PFM after training. PFM contraction did not change the HP and SAP variabilities, and BRS at the 18th week. After the training, the TG presented lower SAP mean, lower BF of SAP variability, and higher BRS than CG.ConclusionsAcute PFM contractions did not alter HP and SAP variabilities and BRS, but PFMT resulted in a lower SAP mean and higher BRS in trained pregnant when compared to the untrained.
Solvability for indefinite mean‐field stochastic linear quadratic optimal control with random jumps and its applications
Authors: Tang Chao , Li Xueqin , Huang Tianmin 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn this article, we study the open‐loop and closed‐loop solvability for indefinite mean‐field stochastic linear quadratic (MF‐SLQ) optimal control problem and its application in finance, where the controlled stochastic system is driven by a Brownian motion and a Poisson random martingale measure and also disturbed by some stochastic processes. The intrinsic property of stochastic systems results in the inequivalence of those two solvabilities, which is different from deterministic case. Based on a well‐posedness result of the problem, it is shown that the uniform convexity of cost functional is sufficient for the open‐loop solvability of the problem. By a matrix minimum principle, the necessity condition of regular solvability for a decoupled Riccati equation is established, meanwhile, the closed‐loop solvability is turned out to be equivalent to the regular solvability of Riccati equations with some constraints on the solutions of disturbances equations, moreover, the optimal closed‐loop strategy is characterized by regular solutions of Riccati equations and adapted solutions of disturbances equations. And then a mean‐variance model is considered to solve optimal portfolio selection strategy problem of the insurance company with liability. Our study fills a gap in the field of solvability for mean‐field stochastic optimal control with random jumps and provides a different way for solving mean‐variance portfolio selection model.
Training and education of pediatric radiation oncologists: A survey from the 2019 Pediatric Radiation Oncology Society meeting
Authors: Paulino Arnold C. , Dieckmann Karin , Esiashvili Natia , Mahajan Anita , Janssens Geert O. , Halperin Edward C. , Carrie Christian , Parkes Jeannette , Wolden Suzanne L. , Seiersen Klaus , Awrey Susan , Dieter‐Kortmann Rolf , Marcus Karen J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo examine the educational background, clinical practice, and preferences regarding continuing medical education (CME) among radiation oncologists who attended the 2019 meeting of the Pediatric Radiation Oncology Society (PROS), a survey consisting of 20 questions was distributed asking for demographic and educational background, clinical practice, and preferences regarding pediatric radiation oncology CME. Of 188 participants, 130 (69.2%) returned the questionnaire. More than 80% reported access to CT simulation, three‐dimensional radiotherapy, and general anesthesia while <30% had access to intraoperative radiotherapy, proton, and heavy particle therapy. After residency, 12.1% did further training in pediatric radiation oncology. When asked about further training in pediatrics after residency, 88.8% answered that there should be a formal training program beyond residency in order to treat children. More than 75% acquired knowledge in pediatric radiation oncology through journals, books, live meetings, and tumor boards. The results of this survey may help Pediatric Radiation Oncology Society (PROS) in creating guidelines and recommendations for improvement in pediatric radiation oncology training and practice support as well as the development of CME activities most likely to benefit practitioners.
Reduced graphene oxide reinforced PET/PBT nanocomposites: Compatibilization and characterization
Authors: Ucpinar Durmaz Bedriye , Ozturk Canan , Aytac Ayse 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis research work focused on the effects of different compatibilizers on the properties of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) reinforced poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) nanocomposites. The samples were prepared via melt compounding and injection molding methods. The Joncryl and glycidyl isooctyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (GPOSS) were used as compatibilizers at different loading levels (0.5%‐4%). The structural, thermal, mechanical, morphological, and electrical properties of the nanocomposites were investigated. The Fourier transform infrared analysis results revealed that no significant interaction was observed when GPOSS was added. On the other hand, there were more obvious changes in the peaks of the nanocomposite containing Joncryl. The thermal results showed that the compatibilizer addition caused small changes while rGO addition did not considerably affect the thermal stability of blend. The glass transition temperature of the nanocomposite significantly decreased with the addition of GPOSS. The tensile test indicated that compatibilizers improved the mechanical performance of PET/PBT/rGO nanocomposite.
Morphology, mechanical properties, and biodegradability of all‐cellulose composite films from oil palm empty fruit bunch
Authors: Zailuddin Nur Liyana Izyan , Osman Azlin Fazlina , Rahman Rozyanty 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPalm oil plantations are very important in that they supply vegetable oil globally. However, increased production of palm oil prompts the accumulation of large lignocelluloses residues in the form of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). This study explored the advantages of using OPEFB in the production of all‐cellulose composite (ACC) films. The isolation process of the raw OPEFB fiber was carried out using a chemical process to extract OPEFB nanocellulose. ACC films from OPEFB and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were prepared using a dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and lithium chloride solvent system whereby the partially dissolved cellulose was transformed into the matrix phase surrounding the remaining nondissolved fiber. ACC films with 1% (wt/vol) OPEFB and 3% (wt/vol) MCC were prepared and the effects of chemical treatment of the OPEFB cellulose on the mechanical properties, crystalline structure, morphology, moisture absorption and soil biodegradability of the ACC film were investigated. The tensile strength of the ACC film was tremendously improved by chemical treatment. For instance, when acetic acid was used to treat the nanocellulose, the resultant film showed 279% increment in tensile strength value. However, formic acid‐treated films demonstrate greater moisture uptake and soil biodegradation rate. The findings could be related to the alterations of hydroxyl group composition in the nanocellulose and variation in dissolution rate of the nanocellulose during chemical treatment.
Design, synthesis, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxic activity evaluation of 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazole compounds
Authors: Akkoç Senem 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA series of 2‐p‐tolyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized. For finding an effective anticancer drug, which could be used in future generations, the developed heterocyclic compounds were screened in the human epithelial breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MCF‐7) and human liver epithelial hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) using the MTT assay method. Two positive control drugs were used for comparison with the compounds. The substituents on the 1‐ and 2‐positions of the benzimidazole core had an important effect on the antiproliferation of cancerous cells. According to the results obtained, a compound, namely, 1‐(4‐methylbenzyl)‐2‐p‐tolyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole, which has electron donating groups (CH3) in the para position of a phenyl ring, showed higher cytotoxic activities compared to other compounds towards liver and breast cell lines. The compounds were found to have more cytotoxicity in HepG2 rather than MCF‐7.
Highly active and thermo‐stable iminopyridyl vanadium oxychloride catalyzed isoprene polymerization
Authors: Zhao Mengmeng , Wang Liang , Mahmood Qaiser , Jing Chuyang , Zhu Guangqian , Zhang Xianhui , Chen Xiao , Wang Qinggang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractStereoregular polymerizations are of high importance, which disclosing the relationships between microstructures and physical properties of polymers. In this contribution, a series of iminopyridyl vanadium oxychloride complexes V1–V8 (R = H, R1 = CH2Ph for V1; R = H, R1 = CHPh2 for V2; R = H, R1 = octamyl for V3; R = H, R1 = Ph for V4; R = H, R1 = 4‐OMe‐C6H4 for V5; R = H, R1 = 4‐CF3C6H4 for V6; R = H, R1 = 2,4,6‐Ph3C6H2 for V7 and R = Me, R1 = Ph for V8) have been prepared, and were investigated for their catalytic capacity of isoprene polymerization. A single crystal structure of V7′ was reported, which was reduced from V(v) to V(iv) in the oxidation state of vanadium central atom. The catalytic activity was up to 408 kg (mol V)−1 hr−1, when V4 was used. The catalyst V6 was found to be highly thermo‐stable with excellent activity even at 100°C. Most importantly, resultant polymers mainly possessed cis‐1,4 units (up to 75%) with 25% side‐chain 3,4 functional group, which is particularly important component to enhance the application of these synthetic rubbers.
Improved Exploding Properties of Al/Cu Multilayer Initiators
Authors: Wang Yao , Guo Fei , Wang Wanjun , Li Yong , Zhou Qin , Xing Zongren , Wang Liang , Gao Yuan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReactive multilayer films (RMFs) are widely used for energetic initiator applications, the reaction behavior and mechanism are systematically researched for ignition. Recently, Investigation into exploding plasma fields has been carried out based on Al/Ni RMFs. However, few papers are concerned about Al/Cu multilayers for exploding initiators. In this paper, an investigation on the influence of Al/Cu multilayers additives on initiators is described in detail. The Al/Cu multilayers are deposited by magnetron sputtering technology and their structure is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The periodic multilayer structure with controlled thickness is visible. The initiator containing Al/Cu multilayers exhibits improved exploding properties with a short exploding time, low matching charging voltages, and high flyer velocities in comparison with Cu layers or Al layer‐based initiators. Meanwhile, the flyer kinetic energy increase of up to 30 mJ indicates that this improvement could not come from the Al−Cu alloying reaction alone. The 1‐D non‐stationary acceleration model confirms that the composite electrical behavior is a factor contributing to improved flyer kinetic energy. The ultra‐high‐speed camera system is employed to observe the flyer launching process accelerated by the exploding plasma. The smaller barrel diameter is beneficial for controlling the shearing process to keep good integrity of the flyer. Overall, the electrical exploding properties of initiators can be enhanced substantially based on Al/Cu multilayers.
Bioinspired superwetting surfaces for biosensing
Authors: Zhu Hai , Huang Yu , Lou Xiaoding , Xia Fan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInspired by nature, scientists and researchers have studied the wetting behaviors on various creatures and mimicked their structures to fabricate diverse functional superwetting materials. As one kind of emerging application, the bioinspired superwettable surfaces used for biosensing have been aroused wide interests. In this review, we summarized the recent developments of bioinspired superwettable surfaces in the field of biosensing. In the first part, superwettable creatures in nature, namely, superhydrophobic self‐cleaning lotus leaf, high‐adhesion superhydrophobic rose petal, amphiphobic springtail, patterned wetting desert beetles, slippery pitcher plant, were introduced. In sequence, we successively described the special wetting models of superhydrophobicity, superamphiphobicity, responsive wettability, patterned wettability, and slipperiness. Then, biosensing applications based on the respective patterned wettable, superhydrophobic, responsive wettable, and slippery substrates that were combined with the common detection approaches (colorimetry, fluorescence, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), electrochemistry) were shown in detailed. At last, an insight of remaining challenges and future development for bioinspired superwetting materials applied in biosensing was provided.
Thermo‐electric response in 2D hexagonal QC exhibiting piezoelectric effect
Authors: Wang Wenshuai , Li Caiqi , Zhou Yue‐Ting 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBased on the theory of quasicrystal (QC) with piezoelectric effect, the general solutions of a two‐dimensional hexagonal QC under the thermo‐electric loadings are derived by using the strict operator theory and the generalized Almansi theorem. Based on the general solutions, two potential functions are introduced, and the basic solutions of QC are obtained according to the boundary conditions of the point source acting on the infinite body and the semi‐infinite body. Numerical examples are given to analyze the variations of temperature, displacement and stress of phonon field, electric field potential, and electric displacement.
Calculation of Hydroacoustic Propagation and Conversion to Seismic Phases at T-Stations
Authors: Stevens Jeffry L. , Hanson Jeffrey , Nielsen Peter , Zampolli Mario , Le Bras Ronan , Haralabus Georgios , Day Steven M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe International Monitoring System (IMS) hydroacoustic network consists of six hydrophone stations and 5 T-stations. The IMS T-stations are high-frequency seismic stations (sample rates of 100 Hz) situated on islands or coastal stations and intended primarily to capture impulsive signals from in-water explosions. However, while there are numerous recordings of impulsive-like signals from in-water explosions at the hydrophone stations, recordings of this type of signal at the T-stations are rare. This is because the conversion of the hydroacoustic to a seismic signal as it propagates from ocean to land is inefficient, characterized both by complex geologic and topographic features and by strong attenuation. To improve the understanding of this signal conversion at T-stations, we performed numerical calculations using the spectral element code SPECFEM2D, modelling the acoustic signal as it propagates from the deep ocean through the ocean/land interface and finally, as an elastic signal, to the T-station. Environmental information from a variety of sources was gathered to construct the earth and ocean models used in the calculations. The goal of this work is to provide a set of calculated waveforms to complement the limited set of observed waveforms and to assist in the characterization of arrivals from explosion-generated hydroacoustic waves recorded at the T-stations.
Review of available national guidelines for obstetric anal sphincter injury
Authors: Roper Joanna C. , Amber Nirmala , Wan Osanna Yee Ki , Sultan Abdul H. , Thakar Ranee 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs) are the most severe form of perineal trauma with potentially devastating effects on a mother’s quality of life. There are various national guidelines available for their management. The aim of this study was to review and compare recommendations from published national guidelines regarding management and prevention of OASI.

Methods
We searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL and COCHRANE databases from January 2008 till October 2019 using relevant Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), including all subheadings. The guideline characteristics were mapped and methodological quality assessed with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool by three independent reviewers. To compare the methodological quality of the guidelines, the interpretation of the six domain scores were taken into consideration. By consensus of the authors, a score of 70% was taken as a cut-off, and scores above this were considered ‘high quality’.

Results
Thirteen national guidelines on perineal trauma were included and analysed. Nine of these were specific to OASI. There is wide variation in methodological quality and evidence used for recommendations. AGREE scores for overall guideline assessment were > 70% in eight of the guidelines, with Australia-Queensland, Canada, the UK and USA scoring highest.

Conclusions
The wide variation in methodological quality and evidence used for recommendations suggests that there is a need for an agreed international guideline. This will enable healthcare practitioners to follow the same recommendations, with the most recent evidence, and provide evidence-based care to all women globally.
Risk Factors for Readmission After Short‐Hospital‐Stay Laparoscopic Appendectomy
Authors: Angeramo Cristian A. , Dreifuss Nicolas H. , Olivero Ayelen A. , Sadava Emmanuel E. , Schlottmann Francisco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐day discharge is a common practice among patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy (LA). We aimed to determine risk factors associated with readmission in patients with short hospital stay after LA.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent LA during the period 2006–2019. Patients with length of hospital stay shorter than 24 h were included. Demographics, operative variables, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors for readmission.ResultsA total of 2009 LA were performed during the study period; 1506 (75%) patients had short hospital stay and were included in the analysis. Median age was 31 (14–85) years, and 720 (48%) were female. Mild peritonitis was diagnosed in 423 (28%) patients, and 121 (8%) had gangrenous/perforated appendicitis. Mean surgical time was 51(14–180) min. Conversion rate was 0.4%. There were 143 (9%) postoperative complications, including 29 (1.9%) patients with postoperative intra‐abdominal abscess. Nine patients (0.6%) underwent reoperation, and only 26 (1.7%) patients were readmitted. The mean time to hospital readmission was 6 (1–14) days. Although age >50 years, obesity, mild peritonitis, and complicated appendicitis were more frequent among patients readmitted, only age >50 years (OR 3.54 95% CI 1.51–8.30) and mild peritonitis (OR 6.16 95% CI 1.80–34.93) were found as independent risk factors for readmission.ConclusionMost patients undergoing LA can be safely discharged within 24 h of admission. Patients over 50 years old and/or with localized peritonitis have significantly higher risk of readmission and therefore may need a closer postoperative follow‐up.