bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controllable synthesis of glass ceramics containing YF3:Eu3+ nanocrystals: Well‐preserved Eu and prolonged lifetime
Authors: Luo Peili , Huang Ping , Wang Jiancheng , Yao Chengfang , Zhao Yuye , Zhou Beiying , Zheng Qi , Zhang Xin , Jiang Wan , Wang Lianjun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMonolithic luminescent glass‐ceramic (GC) embedded with fluoride‐based nanocrystals (NCs) has drawn much attention as it is stable and possesses long fluorescent lifetime, while only small partial of optically active ions could enter the fluoride NCs prepared by conventional crystallization process. In this work, YF3:Eu3+ embedded GCs have been controllably synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering at a relatively low sintering temperature (960°C) within 10 minutes. The GC samples show typical sharp reddish‐orange emissions peaking at λ = 590 nm and 620 nm, which can be ascribed to the 5D0 → 7Fj transitions of Eu3+ located in the tetrahedral coordination sites of the YF3 NCs. Significantly, a small R/O ratio (photoluminescence intensity ratio of 5D0 → 7F2/5D0 → 7F1) suggests that majority of Eu3+ ions are well preserved in YF3 NCs, which is confirmed by the EDS and TEM results that highly crystallized YF3:Eu3+ NCs are homogeneously dispersed into the silica glass matrix without interfacial reaction. Hence, the lifetime of GC sample is prolonged to 6.8 ms These results demonstrate that Eu3+ could be well protected and resided in YF3 low phonon crystal by this method to fabricate GC composites with high optical performance.
Predation risk and competition affect habitat use of adult perch, Perca fluviatilis
Authors: Henseler Christina , Nordström Marie C. , Törnroos Anna , Snickars Martin , Bonsdorff Erik 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine how the presence of a predator and an interspecific competitor influence the habitat use of adult perch (Perca fluviatilis; size: 15.1 ± 0.5 cm) when given the choice between two adjacent habitats. By conducting aquarium experiments, the habitat occupancy of P. fluviatilis was documented in the presence and absence of a predator (pike Esox lucius; size: 25.4 ± 2.1 cm) and a potential competitor (ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus; size: 14.1 ± 0.3 cm) fish species. Two P. fluviatilis individuals generally shared the same habitat. In the presence of a conspecific, P. fluviatilis favoured the structurally more‐complex, artificial macrophyte habitat over the less‐structured rock and sand habitat, which in turn were used equally. In the predator‐ and competitor treatments, P. fluviatilis seemed to adapt their habitat use to the habitat occupancy of E. lucius and G. cernuus in the Macrophyte vs. Rock and, in the predator treatment, also in the Macrophyte vs. Sand habitat combination, by increasingly occupying a habitat that was used less by the predator or competitor species, respectively. This behaviour suggests that P. fluviatilis tried to avoid the other fish species by choosing a, in some cases less preferred, predator‐ or competitor‐free habitat. This study emphasizes the importance of biological interactions illustrated by the potential of predation risk and competition to structure fish communities by influencing habitat use at small spatial scales.
Infrared radiation drying of parboiled rice: Influence of temperature and grain bed depth in quality aspects
Authors: Timm Newiton da Silva , Lang Gustavo H. , Ferreira Cristiano D. , Pohndorf Ricardo S. , de Oliveira Maurício 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to optimize the infrared radiation (IR) drying of parboiled rice on the temperatures of 70, 100, and 130°C and grain bed depth of 5, 10, and 15 mm. The effects of the temperature and grain bed depth on drying kinetics, head rice yield (HRY), milling and color parameters, and cooking properties were evaluated using response surface methodology. The drying temperature and bed depth presented a significant effect on HRY, whiteness, transparency, milling degree, L*, C*, relative crystallinity, cooking time, leached amylose, solubilized protein, and hardness. The longer exposure times to IR resulted in grains with an increase in the intensity of endosperm fissures and lower HRY. There is a tendency that the best condition to dry parboiled rice with IR is at higher temperatures and lower grain bed depth.Practical applicationsThe present study optimized infrared radiation drying of parboiled rice as a function of the drying temperature and grain bed depth. The results provide scientific support on making decision during industrial rice processes. Severe infrared radiation drying conditions can reduce the HRY, increase cooking time, and intensify undesired sensory attributes.
Agencia indígena y recuperación de territorio: Caso del líder yukpa Sabino Romero en la Sierra de Perijá
Authors: Briceño Luis Alfredo 
Published: January 2020

ResumenEn este artículo, analizo la forma en que los yukpas de la Sierra de Perijá, Venezuela, construyen su agencia a partir de sus propias lógicas culturales, que sancionan la formación de líderes fuertes y comprometidos con la recuperación de territorios perdidos a manos de ganaderos criollos. Estos líderes, intentan obtener tierras para distribuirlas entre sus parientes y así mantener las disposiciones de la estructura de parentesco en torno a la reproducción social de la autoridad y la cultura. Para entender la acción política de los yukpas, describo la figura esencial del cacique Sabino Romero, asesinado en 2013.
Assessing the potential of environmental DNA metabarcoding for monitoring Neotropical mammals: a case study in the Amazon and Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Authors: Sales Naiara Guimarães , Kaizer Mariane da Cruz , Coscia Ilaria , Perkins Joseph C. , Highlands Andrew , Boubli Jean P. , Magnusson William E. , Da Silva Maria Nazareth Ferreira , Benvenuto Chiara , Mcdevitt Allan D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe application of environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding as a biomonitoring tool has greatly increased, but studies have focused on temperate aquatic macro‐organisms. We apply eDNA metabarcoding to detecting the mammalian community in two high‐biodiversity regions of Brazil: the Amazon and Atlantic Forests. We identified Critically Endangered and Endangered mammalian species and found overlap with species identified via camera trapping. We highlight the potential for using eDNA monitoring for mammals in biodiverse regions and identify challenges: we need a better understanding of the ecology of eDNA within variable environments and more appropriate reference sequences for species identification in these anthropogenically impacted biomes.
Coesite in a Muong Nong‐type tektite from Muong Phin, Laos: Description, formation, and survival
Authors: Glass Billy P. , Folco Luigi , Masotta Matteo , Campanale Fabrizio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe examined 16 white opaque inclusions exposed on two polished slices of a Muong Nong‐type Australasian tektite from Muong Phin, Laos. The inclusions usually consist of a core, surrounded by a froth layer, and a quartz neoblast layer. The cores are composed primarily of a mixture of silica glass, coesite, and quartz in varying proportions. A thin (up to ~4 μm) layer of SiO2‐poor glass enriched in FeO, MgO, CaO, Al2O3, and TiO2 is observed as a bright halo in backscattered electron images around the quartz neoblasts and in places contains μm‐sized crystals, which may be Fe,Mg‐rich spinel. The distribution and textural relationships between the coesite‐bearing inclusions and the tektite matrix point to an in situ formation of the coesite due to an impact, rather than to infall, from a nearby impact, into tektite melt produced by the aerial burst of a bolide. The quartz neoblasts probably formed by crystallization of silica melt squeezed out of the inclusion core during the development of the froth layer. The bright halo may be the result of silica diffusing from the adjacent tektite melt into the growing quartz neoblasts. We propose that the survival of coesite was possible due to the froth layer that acted as a heat sink during bubble expansion and then as a thermal insulator.
Can advanced glycation end‐products and their receptors be affected by weight loss? A systematic review
Authors: Tavares Juliana F. , Ribeiro Priscila V. M. , Coelho Olívia G. L. , Silva Laís E. da , Alfenas Rita C. G. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of most chronic diseases. Therefore, identification of treatments that can attenuate the effects of these compounds and prevent cardiometabolic complications is of extreme public health interest. Recently, body weight management interventions showed positive results on reducing serum AGE concentrations. Moreover, the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is considered to be a novel biomarker to identify patients with obesity most likely to benefit from weight management interventions. This systematic review aimed to critically analyze papers evaluating the effects of weight loss on serum AGEs and its receptors in adults with excess body weight. MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Lilacs databases were searched. Three studies evaluating the response of AGEs to energy‐restricted diets and six assessing sRAGE as the primary outcome were included. Energy‐restricted diets and bariatric surgery reduced serum AGE concentrations, but effects on endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) and sRAGE concentrations are conflicting. These results may be associated with mechanisms related to changes in dietary intake and limiting endogenous AGE formation. Therefore, the role of energy‐restricted diets and bariatric surgery on lowering serum AGE concentrations, as well as its effects on AGEs receptors, deserves further investigation.
Comparing negative emotion differentiation in young and older individuals: A picture‐based study
Authors: Mikkelsen Mai Bjørnskov , O’Toole Mia Skytte , Mehlsen Mimi 
Published: January 2020

Life span theories suggest that emotional experiences become more complex (i.e., nuanced and differentiated) with age. Theoretically, the cause of this increased complexity has been proposed to be age‐related changes in life contexts such as goals and daily stressors. Consequently, age may not affect emotional complexity in settings where the influence of age‐specific life contexts is reduced. However, this hypothesis has yet to be explored. In the present study, we investigated one aspect of emotional complexity, namely emotion differentiation. Extending previous research, we assessed age‐group differences in negative emotion differentiation between young and older adults in a controlled experimental setting. A sample of 114 young and 132 older adults rated their emotional response to 34 negative pictures according to intensity of four negative emotions. Based on these ratings, two indicators of emotion differentiation were calculated. The results revealed no significant age‐group differences in negative emotion differentiation. The findings indicate stability in negative emotion differentiation with increasing age when the influence of life context is reduced. The findings are consistent with life span theories suggesting that developmental changes in emotional complexity occur largely as a result of age‐related changes in life contexts rather than more stable age‐related changes in individual characteristics.
Corneoconjunctival transposition for the treatment of deep stromal to full‐thickness corneal defects in dogs: A multicentric retrospective study of 100 cases (2012‐2018)
Authors: Gogova Savina , Leiva Marta , Ortillés Ángel , Lacerda Rodrigo P. , Seruca Cristina , Laguna Fernando , Crasta Manuela , Ríos Jose , Peña Maria Teresa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe and evaluate the use of corneoconjunctival transposition (CTT) as a surgical treatment for canine deep stromal ulcers, descemetoceles, and full‐thickness corneal defects and to determine its efficacy in preserving corneal graft transparency and vision.Animals studiedOne hundred client‐owned dogs with deep stromal ulcers, descemetoceles, or full‐thickness corneal defects.MethodsMedical records of canine patients that underwent CCT, from 2012 to 2018, were reviewed. Only, patients with preoperative positive consensual pupillary light and dazzle reflexes were included.ResultsThere were 59 males and 41 females, from 0.3 to 17 years. Brachycephalic breeds were overrepresented (65%). All patients were unilaterally affected, with 16 deep stromal ulcers, 33 descemetoceles, and 51 corneal perforations, of a median (range) size of 4 (2‐8) mm. The central cornea was affected in the majority of cases (57%), and euryblepharon and keratoconjunctivitis sicca were the most common concurrent ocular diseases (42% and 40%, respectively). The graft was most frequently harvested from dorsal (67%), and 9/0 absorbable suture material was used. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were seen in 7 and 21 cases, respectively. Mean follow‐up time was 107.8 days. Vision was preserved in 96% patients, with 62% showing faint to mild opacification. Among the statistically analyzed variables, euryblepharon and pigmentary keratitis were found to be significantly associated with greater corneal graft opacification (P = .040 andP = .028, respectively).ConclusionsCorneoconjunctival transposition is an effective surgical treatment for deep stromal, descemetocele, and full‐thickness corneal defects in dogs, achieving a highly satisfactory degree of corneal graft transparency and preserving vision.
Environmental effects of Deccan volcanism on biotic transformations and attendant Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary mass extinction in the Indian subcontinent: Organo-molecular evidence
Authors: Pal Sucharita , Srivastava Surabhi , Shrivastava* J.P. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Deccan volcanism likely triggered environmental stress that controlled biotic transformations and Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary mass extinction in the Indian subcontinent, but these revelations still remain inconclusive. Thus, we conducted high-resolution organo-molecular studies on a marine Um-Sohryngkew River K/Pg boundary succession. The results were used as standard reference for comparison with biotic attributes of the brackish water (Jhilmili) to freshwater (Anjar) intertrappean sediments and bole beds of the Deccan Traps. Organo-molecular compounds of the former section show strong correlation with the global stratotype section and point. High amounts of short-chain n-fatty acids and n-alkanes derived from autochthonous marine algal remains were observed in this section. However, the dominance of mid- and long-chain n-alkanes over short-chain n-alkanes in the Jhilmili intertrappean and intravolcanic bole beds of the eastern Deccan volcanic province suggested a terrestrial origin from higher plants under semiarid climatic conditions. The prolific abundance of n-alkanes in the Um-Sohryngkew River succession implies a mixture of terrestrial input from emergent and submerged/floating aquatic macrophytes. Low-molecular-weight aromatic hydrocarbon markers peak in biozone CF2 of the Um-Sohryngkew River succession. Possibly, this corresponds to greenhouse effects linked to the second phase of Deccan volcanism in the latest Maastrichtian, chron 29r. Abundant n-fatty acids found in the eastern Deccan bole beds suggest an origin from bacteria developed in a terrestrial environment. Depleted δ13Cbulk values recorded from Jhilmili intertrappean and eastern Deccan bole beds are indicative of low primary productivity and burning of terrestrial biomass. Total organic carbon (TOC) maxima observed in the lowermost Danian P1a foraminiferal biozone of the Um-Sohryngkew River succession are also linked to late Deccan phase-two eruptions. The presence of three low-molecular-weight aromatic hydrocarbon markers in the eastern Deccan bole bed implies incomplete combustion of organic compounds in a terrestrial environment. Moreover, the dominance of high-molecular-weight aromatic hydrocarbon markers in biozone CF3 of the Um-Sohryngkew River succession is akin to that reported from other well-established K/Pg boundary successions, suggestive of their possible derivation from regional fire induced by the heat supplied by Deccan volcanism, which has been linked to the K/Pg boundary transition. Thus, regional wildfire played a significant role and affected the ecosystem, which perhaps accounts for the mass extinction.
Acute Effects of Triathlon Race on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers
Authors: Mrakic-Sposta Simona , Gussoni Maristella , Vezzoli Alessandra , Dellanoce Cinzia , Comassi Mario , Giardini Guido , Bruno Rosa Maria , Montorsi Michela , Corciu Anca , Greco Fulvia , Pratali Lorenza 
Published: January 2020

The response to strenuous exercise was investigated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative damage, thiol redox status, and inflammation assessments in 32 enrolled triathlon athletes (41.9±7.9 yrs) during Ironman® (IR), or half Ironman® (HIR) competition. In biological samples, inflammatory cytokines, aminothiols (glutathione (GSH), homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), and cysteinylglycine (CysGly)), creatinine and neopterin, oxidative stress (OxS) biomarkers (protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS)), and ROS were assessed. Thirteen HIR and fourteen IR athletes finished the race. Postrace, ROS (HIR +20%; IR +28%; p<0.0001), TBARS (HIR +57%; IR +101%), PC (HIR +101%; IR +130%) and urinary neopterin (HIR +19%, IR +27%) significantly (range p<0.05-0.0001) increased. Moreover, HIR showed an increase in total Cys +28%, while IR showed total aminothiols, Cys, Hcy, CysGly, and GSH increase by +48, +30, +58, and +158%, respectively (range p<0.05-0.0001). ROS production was significantly correlated with TBARS and PC (R2=0.38 and R2=0.40; p<0.0001) and aminothiols levels (range R2=0.17-0.47; range p<0.01-0.0001). In particular, ROS was directly correlated with the athletes’ age (R2=0.19; p<0.05), with ultraendurance years of training (R2=0.18; p<0.05) and the days/week training activity (R2=0.16; p<0.05). Finally, the days/week training activity (hours/in the last 2 weeks) was found inversely correlated with the IL-6 postrace (R2=‐0.21; p<0.01). A strenuous performance, the Ironman® distance triathlon competition, alters the oxidant/antioxidant balance through a great OxS response that is directly correlated to the inflammatory parameters; furthermore, the obtained data suggest that an appropriate training time has to be selected in order to achieve the lowest ROS production and IL-6 concentration at the same time.
MYC Instructs and Maintains Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Phenotype
Authors: Sodir Nicole M. , Kortlever Roderik M. , Barthet Valentin J.A. , Campos Tania , Pellegrinet Luca , Kupczak Steven , Anastasiou Panayiotis , Swigart Lamorna Brown , Soucek Laura , Arends Mark J. , Littlewood Trevor D. , Evan Gerard I. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

The signature features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are its fibroinflammatory stroma, poor immune activity, and dismal prognosis. We show that acute activation of Myc in indolent pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm (PanIN) epithelial cells in vivo is, alone, sufficient to trigger immediate release of instructive signals that together coordinate changes in multiple stromal and immune-cell types and drive transition to pancreatic adenocarcinomas that share all the characteristic stromal features of their spontaneous human counterpart. We also demonstrate that this Myc-driven PDAC switch is completely and immediately reversible: Myc deactivation/inhibition triggers meticulous disassembly of advanced PDAC tumor and stroma and concomitant death of tumor cells. Hence, both the formation and deconstruction of the complex PDAC phenotype are continuously dependent on a single, reversible Myc switch.

Significance:
We show that Myc activation in indolent KrasG12D-induced PanIN epithelium acts as an immediate pleiotropic switch, triggering tissue-specific signals that instruct all the diverse signature stromal features of spontaneous human PDAC. Subsequent Myc deactivation or inhibition immediately triggers a program that coordinately disassembles PDAC back to PanIN.
See related commentary by English and Sears, p. 495.
Analysis of Factors Related to Cerebral Infarction after Direct Bypass Surgery in Adults with Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Qian Yun , Huang Bin , Hu Zongmin , Wang Jian , Zhao Peng , Li Xingang 
Published: January 2020

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> High-risk factors of the patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) were analyzed to provide the basis for prediction and management of cerebral infarction after direct bypass surgery in adult MMD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 1. Retrospective analysis of clinical data was collected from adult MMD patients (<i>n</i> = 250) following superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass surgery performed in our hospital from July 2013 to December 2017. Of the 250 patients, all underwent hemispherical bypass surgery, and bilateral surgery was performed on 14 patients. 2. Clinical data were analyzed based on sex, age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking history, history of alcohol use, presurgery cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, classification of clinical manifestations, clinical typing, Suzuki stage of surgical side, Suzuki stage of nonoperative side, preoperative Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), and lesions of the postoperative cycle or not. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 1. There were significant differences in classification of clinical manifestations, preoperative infarction, clinical typing, and Suzuki stage of nonoperative side (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). 2. Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent factors affecting postoperative cerebral infarction were preoperative infarction and the Suzuki stage of nonoperative side (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). The preoperative infarction (B 1.431, OR 4.184, 95% CI 1.217–14.382) and the Suzuki stage of nonoperative side (B 0.495, OR 1.640, 95% CI 1.207–2.227) were both risk factors. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The possibility of a new cerebral infarction in postoperative patients with a history of cerebral infarction was greater. The Suzuki stages (I–VI) of the nonoperative side was higher and associated with an increased probability of cerebral infarction after surgery.