bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal and Spatial Analysis of the Occupational Noise at Rice Mill in Kedah
Authors: Mansor A Abu , Abdullah S , Ahmad Nawawi M A , Ahmed A N , Mohd Napi N N L , Ismail M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Noise or unwanted sound, is considered as occupational pollution, especially one that is loud or unpleasant or that causes disturbance to human and surroundings. Occupational noise is a noise emitted from various industries that effect the workers’ safety and health. A prolonged exposure towards noise can bring negative effects to the receptor, resulting in noise induce hearing loss (NIHL) diseases. The state of Kedah is known as the rice bowl of Malaysia, producing more than half of the country’s home grown rice supply. Majority of the rice mill is situated in Kedah where the major occupational hazard for the workers is noise during the operation of various machines to convert paddy to rice. The aim of this study is to assess the noise risk assessment in the rice mill. The noise level was measured during working hours of 0900hrs – 1800hrs for three consecutive days using sound level meter. The evaluated daily noise level Leq
, did not exceeded the limit enacted by the Occupational Safety and Health (Noise Exposure) Regulation, 2019 but there were occasions the reading surpassed the limit, ranging from 86.5 dBA to 90.3 dBA. Measurement of noise exposure at 1-meter distance for machineries located in the rice mill was also conducted and the most critical location in the rice mill is the Rice Huller machine.. Noise sources from the machinery shows strong negative correlation with noise level (r = -0.97, p<0.05) (Air Blower), (r = -0.94, p<0.05) (Rice sieving), (r = -0.98, p<0.05) (Air Pump), (r = -0.95, p<0.05) (Rice Huller) and (r = -0.95, p<0.05) (Rice Polisher), correspondingly. The findings from this study is important for the company management team as abatement measures for the employees in providing a more conducive working environment and indirectly increases the productivity of the company.
Women’s Accessibility to Properly Fitting Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment in the Australian Construction Industry
Authors: Oo B L , Lim T H B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With a growing diverse workforce in the construction industry, properly fitting personal protective clothing and equipment (PPE) is an essential component of safety for any worker. As a minority group in the industry, there is much anecdotal evidence of women’s difficulties in accessing properly fitting PPE. Based on a large-scale online survey, this study explores the difficulties experienced by women in the Australian construction industry in accessing properly fitting PPE. While PPE for women is available on the market, the results show that access to properly fitting PPE is still a major issue for women workforces in the industry. The problems they are facing include: the need to make alterations or adjustments to ill-fitting PPE, the lack of adequate training or proper use of PPE in their job tasks, and ill-fitting PPE has hampered their work in some way. The male-dominated culture of the construction industry has been identified as the top key reason for their lack of access to properly fitting PPE. These thus call for the industry stakeholders to address women’s PPE concerns, and one key step would be to promote awareness of women’s PPE needs within the construction industry.
Challenges of Implementing Green Procurement in Public Construction Projects in Malaysia
Authors: Tawfik Alqadami Ahmed , Abdullah Zawawi Noor Amila Wan , Rahmawati Yani , Alaloul Wesam , Alshalif A Faisal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Although the concept of green procurement is increasingly debated as an environmental policy instrument that considers the impact of procurement on the sustainability of project development, however, the concept in Malaysia is still in its infancy and facing various barriers and challenges to make a paradigm shift towards a greener approach. Therefore, this paper tends to determine the challenges that hinder green procurement implementation in building and infrastructure projects. This could pave the road to establish a transformation plan that could gradually overcome the current challenges in order to reach the desired level. The study is based on a survey conducted in the Malaysian construction industry at which 380 corporations were surveyed to determine their perspective on 28 pre-determined challenges and their degree of significance. A number of 142 were valid responses. Results revealed that there is an excellent consistency in the significance of the identified challenges. Reducing the use of natural resources and related waste, minimizing the high cost of eco- products, integrating quality environmental management into planning and operation and achieving the value of money are among the important challenges. Achieving financial, environmental and operational impact of green procurement performance are also significant challenges.
Sustainable Cities, Transportation and Warehousing GDP
Authors: Ikhsan Setiawan Muhammad , Sukoco Agus , Harmanto Dani , Halim Paisal , Mursidi Andi , Ting I-Hsien 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The development of the airport city, integrated commercial property, and the land, produces non-aeronautical income from tourists, business people, and cargo. The research uses secondary data archives that contain past (historical) events to find out several factors that affect transportation and warehousing GDP. Other data provided in the study is panel data, which is data of several airport locations (cross-section). Data analysis is then carried out by using quantitative methods. Meanwhile, sampling is done by purposive sampling that was based on individual or researcher’ considerations, which often referred to as sampling considerations. Initially, the population is 299 airports that are managed by PT. Angkasa Pura I and PT. Angkasa Pura II, and UPT Air Transportation. It is then reduced to 172 airports throughout Indonesia, which later is filtered further to only 151 airports. Results of the multiple linear regression analysis show that factors that affect Transportation and Warehousing GDP are the plane arrived, the plane departed and passengers depart. ARX estimation and ARX Validation Transportation and Warehousing GDP, that produces a fit of 51.08% and a fit validation of 51.45%. Of the 90 data used for estimation, 46 data, or 51.08% of ARX, have similarities with existing data. The value is quite good because the fitness produced is > 50% that affect Transportation and Warehousing GDP are the plane arrived, the plane departed, passenger departing, departing passengers, unloading baggage, loading baggage, unloading cargo and loading cargo. All are influential on Transportation and Warehousing GDP
Adsorption effect of oxygen on ZnO Nanowires (100 nm) leading towards pronounced edge effects and voltage enhancement
Authors: Ahmad Mansoor , Ahmad M K , Nafarizal N , Soon C F , Suriani A B , Mohamed A , Mamat M H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Here, we report high output piezoelectric voltage generation from oxidized ZnO nanowires (100 nm). Periodic high output voltage peaks were observed during series of oxygen exposure experiments. Gradual rise in piezoelectric potential from oxidized ZnO nanowires is being evidenced for the very first time. Sharp voltage peaks 464 mV, 803 mV, 1.354 V, 1.795 V and 2.44 V are observed for an exposure of oxygen for 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h and 5 h respectively in a sealed chamber at 50 ppm. It has been observed maximum output value has been saturated after 5 h of O exposure. Enhanced piezoelectric potential appearing at output stages is due to the adsorption of oxygen molecules on long ZnO nanowires, giving rise to ‘Edge Effects’ and consequently reducing reverse leakage current through nanowires and enhancing output voltage. SEM images revealed the surface morphology ZnO nanowires, diameter range was found around 100 nm. XRD pattern verified vertical growth orientation of ZnO nanowires on ITO (indium Tin oxide) coated PET (poly ethylene terephthalate) substrates. Minute external force ∼50 nN is used to produce piezoelectric potential within nanowires.
Can health behaviours prolong survival and compress the period of survival with the disability? A population-based cohort study
Authors: Wu Wei , Xu Weili , Englund Simon , Shang Ying , Pan Kuan-Yu , Rizzuto Debora 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
It remains unclear whether and to what extent health behaviours may prolong survival and compress the period of survival with disability.

Objective
To identify modifiable health behaviours that are associated with later disability onset and longer disability-free survival.

Design
This population-based cohort study used data from the Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) ranging between 2001 and 2016.

Setting and subjects
A total of 3,041 disability-free adults aged ≥60 years were followed up to 15 years.

Methods
Data on health behaviours were collected at baseline. Information on limitations in activities of daily living was obtained at baseline and during the follow-up. Laplace regression was used to model the median age at death and disability occurrence as a function of health behaviours.

Results
Never smoking, moderate alcohol drinking, rich social network and high leisure activity were individually related to longer survival by 1–3 years. Participants with high leisure activity lived 1.6 years (95% CI: 0.9–2.3) more without a disability. After combining lifestyle factors, social network, and leisure activities into a 4-level ‘health behaviour profile’, people with the healthiest behaviour profile lived 2.8 years (95% CI: 1.3–4.2) longer, had disability 3.5 years (95% CI: 1.7–5.3) later and lived 0.7 years (95% CI, 0.4–1.1) more without a disability compared to those with the least healthy behaviours profile.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that health behaviours could prolong the lifespan, and leisure activities may further compress years lived with disability among older adults.
Beyond Diversity: Focusing on and Enhancing Inclusion in the Society for Epidemiologic Research
Authors: Moore Kristin J , Xiong Serena , Bhattacharya Manami , Bustamante Gabriela , Calvert Collin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Increasing diversity and inclusion among organizational membership has become a focus for many professional societies, including the Society for Epidemiologic Research (SER). In this issue of the Journal, DeVilbiss et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2020:189(10):998–1010) assessed dimensions of diversity and inclusion within SER to provide baseline data for future evaluations of Society initiatives. In our response, we note that diversity in SER appears strong but there is lag with regard to inclusion. We also highlight some of the major weaknesses of this study that hinder efforts to accurately evaluate inclusion within SER. There is a need to more concretely define inclusion and think broadly about how measures of inclusion should be operationalized in future surveys. Additional limitations of the study include its limited generalizability to the wider SER membership and the lack of questions about barriers to inclusion in SER activities. We conclude with recommendations for SER and other professional societies based on prior literature evaluating successful diversity and inclusion efforts. We also propose a conceptual model to assist with operationalizing and directing future analyses of inclusion measures. It is essential that SER move beyond efforts around diversity to focus on measuring and enhancing inclusion.
Race and Relevance: Arthur Garfield Hays and the Integration of the American Bar Association, 1938-1943
Authors: Hamm Richard F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This article explores the role of Arthur Garfield Hays and mostly Jewish lawyers in dismantling the American Bar Association’s prohibition of African Americans becoming members. By publicly resigning from the organization and encouraging others to do so over the ABA’s treatment of African-American applicant Francis Rivers, these lawyers made the color bar a public issue in the press. While earlier efforts in the late 1930s had failed, World War II contributed to the success of the activists’ campaign in the early 1940s, as the struggle against Nazi racism had begun to undercut American racial practices. In August 1943 the ABA changed its procedures governing admission that had previously functioned to exclude African-Americans. Other legal professional organizations soon followed its example. Thus the legal profession refashioned itself into part of the liberal order emerging in the wake of World War II.
Alcohol Consumption among Samoan Adults in 2010: Patterns, Correlates and Health Implications
Authors: Jiang Joy J , Reupena Sefuiva M , Naseri Take , Swift Robert M , McGeary John E , McGarvey Stephen T 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsWe aim to describe alcohol consumption and related problems from a nationwide survey in 2010 in Samoa in association with sociodemographic variables as part of an intervention development.MethodsThe sample consisted of 3463 adults, 25–65 years of age. Participants self-reported alcohol consumption in the previous 12 months, patterns of drinking and alcohol-related psychosocial problems. Data about age, census region of residence, highest attained education level, employment, marital status, household assets score and current smoking status were gathered.ResultsMore than one-third of men, 36.1%, and 4.1% of women consumed alcohol in the past year. There were greater proportions of alcohol users among younger adults, &lt;45 years, in both men and women. Among men, being unemployed and residing outside of rural Savai’i and smoking cigarettes were associated with current alcohol use. Among women, tertiary education and cigarette smoking were strongly associated with alcohol use. Among alcohol consumers, almost 75% of both men and women reported being drunk more than once in the prior month, and 58% of men and 81% of women drank heavily, consuming &gt;4 drinks for women and &gt;5 drinks for men at least once per episode in the prior week. More men than women, 51% versus 26%, felt that alcohol consumption had interfered with their daily life.ConclusionOur analyses identified correlates of alcohol consumption and associated problems that can help guide the development of targeted interventions for different sex and age groups to mitigate the social and physiological harms of alcohol misuse.
Wildfires and mass effects of dispersal disrupt the local uniformity of type I songs of Hermit Warblers in California
Authors: Furnas Brett J , Landers Russ H , Bowie Rauri C K 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Hermit Warblers (Setophaga occidentalis) sing a formulaic, type I song to attract mates, in contrast to a repertoire of more complex, type II songs to defend territories. A single, dominant type I song, or a low diversity of type I songs, often occur within a geographic area. We provide the first comprehensive description of Hermit Warbler type I song variants throughout California, USA. We recorded type I songs from 1,588 males across 101 study sites in the state from April through July 2009–2014. Using those locations and a pre-existing range map of the species, we created a maximum entropy-based breeding habitat suitability map and classified the songs into 35 variants using a typological rubric. We validated consistent classification of songs for 87.5% of the birds. We then modeled the effects of recent fire history at the local scale (10 yr, 315 km2), the amount of breeding habitat at the regional scale (8,000 km2), and the distance between territories to examine factors involved in song sameness at the local scale. We found that the probability of different birds singing the same form declined with the amount of local fire, regional habitat, and distance, and that these findings were robust to uncertainty in our song classification rubric. Using a longitudinal analysis including additional data from 10 study areas revisited in 2019, we showed that song structure within forms had drifted since our initial visits 5–10 yr earlier, and that the evenness (e.g., Simpson’s measure) of song forms increased at locations that had been burned by wildfire between visits. Taken together, the results suggest that wildfires and the mass effects of dispersal of birds singing rival song forms disrupt the uniformity of type I songs locally. The results demonstrate how species traits, such as birdsong, can be used to disentangle the ecological processes that regulate observed patterns in biodiversity. Further investigation is recommended to determine whether song pattern dynamics reflect underlying genetic differences and habitat specializations among subpopulations.
Exogenous sex steroids regulate genital epithelial barrier function in female rhesus macaques
Authors: Quispe Calla Nirk E , Vicetti Miguel Rodolfo D , Fritts Linda , Miller Christopher J , Aceves Kristen M , Cherpes Thomas L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
There is concern that using depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) for pregnancy prevention heightens HIV susceptibility. While no clinical data establishes causal link between HIV acquisition and use of this injectable progestin, prior work from our laboratory showed that DMPA comparably lowers genital levels of the cell-cell adhesion molecule desmoglein-1 (DSG1) and weakens genital epithelial barrier function in female mice and women. We likewise saw DMPA increase mouse susceptibility to multiple genital pathogens including HIV. Herein, we sought to confirm and extend these findings by comparing genital epithelial barrier function in untreated rhesus macaques (RM) vs. RM treated with DMPA or DMPA and estrogen (E). Compared to controls, genital tissue from RM with pharmacologically relevant serum levels of medroxyprogesterone acetate displayed significantly lower DSG1 levels and greater permeability to low molecular mass molecules. Conversely, DMPA-mediated effects on genital epithelial integrity and function were obviated in RM administered DMPA and E. These data corroborate the diminished genital epithelial barrier function observed in women initiating DMPA and identify RM as a useful preclinical model for defining effects of exogenous sex steroids on genital pathogen susceptibility. As treatment with E averted DMPA-mediated loss of genital epithelial barrier function, our results also imply that contraceptives releasing progestin and E may be less likely to promote transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted pathogens than progestin-only compounds.
Morphological evolution and molecular phylogenetics of the Merostachys clade (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Arthrostylidiinae) based on multi-locus plastid sequences
Authors: Vinícius-Silva Ronaldo , Clark Lynn G , Fregonezi Jéferson Nunes , Santos-Gonçalves Ana Paula 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMerostachys is a Neotropical woody bamboo genus that occurs in the understory and along forest borders. Our taxonomic studies of its species and morphological analyses have allowed us to recognize morphological groups in the genus. Previous molecular analyses, which included relatively few species, supported Merostachys as monophyletic and sister to Actinocladum or Athroostachys. We here provide a phylogenetic estimation for Merostachys based on a broader taxon sampling and seven plastid markers (one coding: ndhF 3′ end; four intergenic spacers: rps16-trnQ, trnC-rpoB, trnD-trnT and trnT-trnL; and two introns: rpl16 and rps16). We aimed to test the monophyly of the genus, to verify its relationship with other genera of Arthrostylidiinae, mainly Athroostachys and Actinocladum, and to test whether the previously identified morphological groups were congruent with the molecular data. The monophyly of the genus was confirmed, as was its sister relationship with Athroostachys, although alternate hypothesis testing could not reject a sister relationship with Actinocladum. Two well-supported clades in Merostachys were recovered, one of which encompasses a polytomy. These clades did not exhibit consistent morphological synapomorphies and were not congruent with the morphological groups; however, floret surface (shiny vs. dull) was correlated with the two clades. The lack of resolution in Merostachys, as exemplified by the polytomy, can be attributed mainly to incomplete lineage sorting, suggesting a recent radiation in this group.
Hospital Costs of Injection Drug Use in Florida
Authors: Coye Austin E , Bornstein Kasha J , Bartholomew Tyler S , Li Hua , Wong Stanley , Janjua Naveed Z , Tookes Hansel E , St Onge Joan E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
People who inject drugs (PWID) experience significant injection-related infections (IRIs) at significant healthcare system cost. This study used and validated an algorithm based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, to estimate hospitalized PWID populations, assess the total statewide morbidity for IRIs among PWID, and calculate associated costs of care.
Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Zoster Virus Serology and Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients During the First Year Posttransplantation
Authors: Rezahosseini Omid , Sørensen Søren Schwartz , Perch Michael , Ekenberg Christina , Møller Dina Leth , Knudsen Andreas Dehlbæk , Kirkby Nikolai , Lundgren Jens , Lodding Isabelle P , Wareham Neval Ete , Gustafsson Finn , Rasmussen Allan , Nielsen Susanne Dam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Mumps, measles, rubella, and varicella zoster (MMRV) viruses may cause severe infections in seronegative adult solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, but can be prevented by vaccination. We aimed to determine MMRV serostatus in adult SOT recipients before and 1 year after transplantation as well as evidence of MMRV infections in a large, prospective cohort of SOT recipients.

Methods
This was a prospective study of 1182 adult SOT recipients included in the Management of Posttransplant Infections in Collaborating Hospitals (MATCH) cohort from 2011 to 2017 with a 1-year follow-up. Systematic monitoring of MMRV serology was performed prior to transplantation and 1 year posttransplantation. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm viral replication in SOT recipients presenting with clinical evidence of infection.

Results
Among 1182 adult SOT recipients, 28 (2.4%), 77 (6.5%), 65 (5.5%), and 22 (1.9%) were seronegative for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella zoster virus (VZV), respectively, and 165 (14%) were seronegative for at least 1 of the MMRV viruses. One year posttransplantation, 29 of 823 (3.5%) of seropositive SOT recipients had seroreverted, and 63 of 111 (57%) of seronegative SOT recipients seroconverted for at least 1 MMRV virus. No evidence of measles, mumps, or rubella infection was found, but 8 (0.7%) SOT recipients developed symptoms and had a positive VZV PCR.

Conclusions
A large proportion of SOT recipients were seronegative for at least 1 of the MMRV viruses. MMRV infections in SOT recipients may disseminate and become fatal, and although only a few cases of VZV infection were detected, results from this study suggest increase attention toward vaccination of patients waiting for SOT.