bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Asian immigrants’ and international students’ learning
Authors: Yeh Ellen , Jaiswal-Oliver Monika , Sharma Rashmi , Wan Guofang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith the rapid growth of Asian immigrants in American educational settings, this mixed method study examined whether a professional development program on cultural awareness and pedagogy for faculty members would impact their knowledge and skills in working with Asian immigrants to ensure these students’ retention and success. This study, therefore, assessed the effectiveness and the impact of the program designed to address the needs of Asian immigrants. Guided and supported by the constructivism learning theory (Vygotsky, 1980), the professional development program applied theories of intercultural communication training (Bennett & Salonen, 2004). A mixed method of inquiry involved surveys with ten faculty members and 16 students, in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis. Faculty members attended the workshops during the first year of students’ enrollment in their classes. The data stem from a longitudinal study conducted throughout the three years of students’ enrollment in the institution. The results established a probable relationship between the workshops and faculty members’ success in working with Asian immigrants.
Why is reproductive isolation between intraspecific cytotypes so important? A commentary on: ‘Strong post-pollination interactions govern cytotype isolation in a tetraploid–octoploid contact zone’
Authors: Čertner Martin 
Published: August 2020

This article comments on:
Mariana Castro1, João Loureiro, Brian C. Husband and Sílvia Castro, The role of multiple reproductive barriers: strong post-pollination interactions govern cytotype isolation in a tetraploid–octoploid contact zone, Annals of Botany, Volume 126, Issue 6, 2 November 2020, Pages 991–1003, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa084
Sex-Dependent Effects of theAPOEɛ4 Allele on Behavioral Traits and White Matter Structures in Young Adults
Authors: Takeuchi Hikaru , Tomita Hiroaki , Browne Ryan , Taki Yasuyuki , Kikuchi Yoshie , Ono Chiaki , Yu Zhiqian , Nouchi Rui , Yokoyama Ryoichi , Kotozaki Yuka , Nakagawa Seishu , Sekiguchi Atsushi , Iizuka Kunio , Hanawa Sugiko , Araki Tsuyoshi , Miyauchi Carlos Makoto , Sakaki Kohei , Nozawa Takayuki , Ikeda Shigeyuki , Yokota Susumu , Magistro Daniele , Sassa Yuko , Kawashima Ryuta 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe APOE ɛ4 allele is associated with a risk of Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly, with the association being pronounced in females. Conversely, findings of the effects of the APOE ɛ4 allele in young adults are mixed. Here, we investigated the sex–genotype interaction effects of the APOE ɛ4 allele on cognitive functions as well as brain structures among 1258 young adults. After adjusting for multiple comparisons, there were significant effects of the interaction between sex and the number of APOE ɛ4 allele on some speed tasks (e.g., simple processing speed tasks and the reverse Stroop task) as well as on regional white matter volume (rWMV). The observed sex–genotype interaction conferred better cognitive performance and greater rWMV in the anterior frontal and precentral white matter areas in females having more APOE ɛ4 alleles and reduced rWMV in the same areas in male having more APOE ɛ4 alleles. These findings support the long-debated antagonistic pleiotropic effects of the APOE ɛ4 allele in females.
Short-term exposure to unmanned aerial vehicles does not alter stress responses in breeding tree swallows
Authors: Scholten Bradley D , Beard Abigail R , Choi Hyeryeong , Baker Dena M , Caulfield Margaret E , Proppe Darren S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recent studies suggest that visual and acoustic anthropogenic disturbances can cause physiological stress in animals. Human-induced stress may be particularly problematic for birds as new technologies, such as drones, increasingly invade their low-altitude air space. Although professional and recreational drone usage is increasing rapidly, there is little information on how drones affect avian behavior and physiology. We examined the effects of drone activity on behavior and physiology in adult, box-nesting tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). Specifically, we monitored bird behavior during drone flights and in response to a control object and measured telomere lengths and corticosterone levels as indicators of longer-term physiological stress. We predicted that drone-exposed tree swallows would habituate behaviorally after multiple flights, but that telomeres would shorten more quickly and that baseline corticosterone levels would be altered. One significant and two strong, non-significant trends in behavioral assays indicated that adult swallows acted more aggressively towards drone presence compared to a control object, but were slower to approach the drone initially. Swallows were also more reluctant to use nest boxes during drone activity. Tree swallows habituated to drone presence as expected, although the rate of habituation often did not differ between drone-exposed and control groups. Contrary to our prediction, drone activity did not affect telomere length, corticosterone levels, body mass or fledging rates. Overall, our results indicate that a small number of short, targeted, drone flights do not impact tree swallow health or productivity differently than a non-invasive control object. Minor behavioral differences suggest that increasing the frequency of drone use could impact this species. We provide some of the first results addressing how drone activity alters behavioral, physiological and molecular responses to stress in songbirds. A better understanding of these impacts will allow ecologists to make more informed decisions on the use and regulation of new drone technologies.
Diagnostic challenge in primary cardiac lymphoma: a case report
Authors: Tanking Chonthicha , Ratanapo Supawat 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Primary cardiac lymphoma is an extra-nodal non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, which usually responds well to chemotherapy. The disease has high mortality rate unless it is recognized and treated in time. Tissue pathology is crucially the diagnosis gold standard for treatment plan. This is a case report of an elderly female who presented with a huge right-sided cardiac tumour obstructing tricuspid flow.

Case summary
An 81-year-old Asian female presented with clinical right-sided heart failure. Echocardiogram showed a large mass compressing and obliterating the right atrium. Trans-jugular tissue biopsy was performed. Initial pathology report was consistent with an angiosarcoma, based on an expression of Fli-1 (Friend leukaemia virus integration 1) from immunohistochemical staining. She died shortly after refusal to surgery. Autopsy was performed with diagnosis change to a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) after tissue pathology.

Discussion
Primary cardiac lymphoma is extremely rare. Adequate tissue and proper immunohistochemical staining are mandatory for treatment plan. Besides an angiosarcoma, DLBCL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of Fli-1 positive tissue cardiac mass.
Prosthetic graft replacement of a large subclavian aneurysm in a child with Loeys–Dietz syndrome: a case report
Authors: Sobh Mohamed , Voges Inga , Attmann Tim , Scheewe Jens 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Loeys–Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a genetic connective tissue disorder, which is characterized by rapid development of aortic and peripheral arterial aneurysms. Loeys–Dietz syndrome has some overlapping phenotypic features with other inherited aortopathies such as Marfan syndrome. However, LDS has a more aggressive vascular course with patient morbidity and mortality occurring at an early age.

Case summary
We present the rare case of an 11-year-old girl with LDS who underwent valve sparing aortic root replacement at the age of 2.9 years with good results. She had routine follow-up cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and was found to have a large aneurysm of the right subclavian artery. After multidisciplinary team discussion, successful surgical resection with prosthetic graft replacement of the right subclavian artery was performed.

Discussion
This case illustrates that large aneurysms of aortic branches can already develop in childhood and underlines the need for frequent follow-ups including cross-sectional imaging and multidisciplinary team management.
Thoracic duct decompression and jugular vein banding—an effective treatment option for protein-losing enteropathy and plastic bronchitis in severe failing Fontan circulation: a case report
Authors: Bauer Christoph , Mair Roland , Mair Rudolf , Tulzer Gerald 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Plastic bronchitis (PB) and protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) are devastating complications after Fontan palliation that lead to uncontrolled loss of protein-rich lymphatic fluid into extra lymphatic compartments. Decompression of the thoracic duct is a new treatment option that effectively restores lymphatic system integrity by redirecting lymphatic flow into the low-pressure levels of the common atrium.

Case summary
We report a patient with severe failing Fontan circulation where surgical thoracic duct decompression leads to resolution of PLE and PB symptoms but worsening hypoxaemia that could be managed with banding of internal jugular vein.

Discussion
Thoracic duct decompression in patients with failing Fontan circulation can be a simple and effective treatment for PLE and PB. Hypoxaemia may occur but can be managed with banding of internal jugular vein.
Percutaneous closure of accidental left atrium puncture: a case report
Authors: Sá Mendes Gustavo , De Araújo Gonçalves Pedro , Madeira Sérgio , Oliveira Paulo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive alternatives to surgical closure of cardiac perforations are a recognized need, especially in critically ill patients in whom predicted surgical mortality is prohibitive. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of an iatrogenic left atrium (LA) puncture closed with a plug-based vascular closure device (VCD).Case summaryDuring a palliative right-sided thoracentesis on a 73-year-old woman, with end-stage heart failure due to rheumatic valvular heart disease, an accidental puncture and insertion of a central venous catheter into an aneurysmatic LA occurred. This complication was successfully managed percutaneously, under transthoracic echocardiographic guidance, after cardiac computed tomography planning, using a plug-based VCD.DiscussionThis case demonstrates the possible utility of plug-based devices for iatrogenic LA perforation closure, when surgical risk is deemed prohibitive.
Cerebral venous thrombosis as a rare thromboembolic complication of celiac disease: a case report
Authors: Bouziane Maha , Arous Salim , Habbal Rachida 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Celiac disease is a digestive inflammatory syndrome with several complications. It is associated with coagulation and platelets abnormalities leading to thromboembolic events. Cerebral venous thrombosis is an exceptional localization of thrombosis in celiac disease and could be life-threatening.

Case summary
A 17-year-old female patient with history of celiac disease and not following a gluten-free diet, checked in to the emergency department for a sudden, 2-week-old, and deteriorating, onset of intense headache and muscle weakness. The cerebral computed tomography-scan showed bilateral fronto-parietal hypodensity with micro-bleeds. We investigated using a cerebral magnetic resonance imaging that revealed superior longitudinal sinus thrombosis and right transverse and sigmoid sinuses thrombosis, along with right haematoma and ischaemic areas. The patient was prescribed anticoagulation therapy. Follow-ups over a 2-year period confirmed a favourable outcome and a complete regression of symptoms.

Discussion
Evolution of celiac disease could be associated with several complications. Eighty-five percent of patients is potentially exposed to thromboembolic events due to the hypercoagulability state of the disease and different coagulation and fibrinolysis abnormalities (e.g. hyperhomocysteinaemia, protein C and S deficiencies, vitamin K and B deficiencies). Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare thromboembolic localization. Anticoagulation is efficient in most cases though endovascular treatment might be required.
Efficacy of entry exclusion strategy for DeBakey type III retrograde Stanford type A acute aortic dissection
Authors: Inoue Yosuke , Matsuda Hitoshi , Matsuo Jiro , Shijo Takayuki , Omura Atsushi , Seike Yoshimasa , Uehara Kyokun , Sasaki Hiroaki , Kobayashi Junjiro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Resection of a primary entry tear is essential for the treatment of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection (AAAD). In DeBakey type III retrograde AAAD (DBIII-RAAAD), resection of the primary entry tear in the descending aorta is sometimes difficult. The frozen elephant trunk technique and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) enable the closure of the primary entry in the descending aorta. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of resection or closure of primary entry, i.e. entry exclusion, in patients with DeBakey type III retrograde-AAAD.

METHODS
The medical records of 654 patients with AAAD who underwent emergency surgery between January 2000 and March 2019 were retrospectively reviewed, and 80 eligible patients with DeBakey type III retrograde-AAAD were divided into the excluded (n = 50; age, 62 ± 12 years) and residual (n = 30; age, 66 ± 14 years) groups according to postoperative computed tomography angiographic data of the false lumen around the primary entry. The excluded group was defined as having a postoperative false lumen at the level of the elephant trunk or thrombosis of the endograft including primary entry. Patients with early false lumen enhancement around the elephant trunk or an unresected primary entry tear after isolated hemiarch replacement were included in the residual group. The early and long-term surgical outcomes were compared between the groups.

RESULTS
The in-hospital mortality rate was 8% (6/80), with no significant difference observed between the excluded and the residual groups (10% and 7%, respectively; P &gt; 0.99). Ninety-five percentage of the patients (20/21) achieved entry exclusion with stent grafts including the frozen elephant trunk procedure and TEVAR. Spinal cord ischaemia was not observed in either group. The cumulative overall survival at 5 years was comparable between the 2 groups (76% and 81% in the excluded and residual groups, respectively; P = 0.93). The 5-year freedom from distal aortic reoperation rate was significantly higher in the excluded group (97%) than in the residual group (97% vs 66%; P = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONS
Not only resection but also closure using the entry exclusion approach for DeBakey type III retrograde-AAAD utilizing new technologies including the frozen elephant trunk technique and TEVAR might mitigate dissection-related reoperations.
DNA damage bypass pathways and their effect on mutagenesis in yeast
Authors: Arbel Matan , Liefshitz Batia , Kupiec Martin 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTWhat is the origin of mutations? In contrast to the naïve notion that mutations are unfortunate accidents, genetic research in microorganisms has demonstrated that most mutations are created by genetically encoded error-prone repair mechanisms. However, error-free repair pathways also exist, and it is still unclear how cells decide when to use one repair method or the other. Here, we summarize what is known about the DNA damage tolerance mechanisms (also known as post-replication repair) for perhaps the best-studied organism, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We describe the latest research, which has established the existence of at least two error-free and two error-prone inter-related mechanisms of damage tolerance that compete for the handling of spontaneous DNA damage. We explore what is known about the induction of mutations by DNA damage. We point to potential paradoxes and to open questions that still remain unanswered.
Divergent Evolution of Mutation Rates and Biases in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
Authors: Maddamsetti Rohan , Grant Nkrumah A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
All organisms encode enzymes that replicate, maintain, pack, recombine, and repair their genetic material. For this reason, mutation rates and biases also evolve by mutation, variation, and natural selection. By examining metagenomic time series of the Lenski long-term evolution experiment (LTEE) with Escherichia coli (Good BH, McDonald MJ, Barrick JE, Lenski RE, Desai MM. 2017. The dynamics of molecular evolution over 60,000 generations. Nature 551(7678):45–50.), we find that local mutation rate variation has evolved during the LTEE. Each LTEE population has evolved idiosyncratic differences in their rates of point mutations, indels, and mobile element insertions, due to the fixation of various hypermutator and antimutator alleles. One LTEE population, called Ara+3, shows a strong, symmetric wave pattern in its density of point mutations, radiating from the origin of replication. This pattern is largely missing from the other LTEE populations, most of which evolved missense, indel, or structural mutations in topA, fis, and dusB—loci that all affect DNA topology. The distribution of mutations in those genes over time suggests epistasis and historical contingency in the evolution of DNA topology, which may have in turn affected local mutation rates. Overall, the replicate populations of the LTEE have largely diverged in their mutation rates and biases, even though they have adapted to identical abiotic conditions.
Brazilian GIs Landscape: From the TRIPS Commitments to the Real World, What Was Achieved, What Is Yet to be Faced?
Authors: Carls Suelen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
After 25 years of the TRIPS Agreement, it is time to look at the Brazilian GI system and how it has developed since its establishment. GIs under TRIPS might not be the universal consensus, but they formed the starting point for the Brazilian GI system, and since 1996 GIs are expressly mentioned as such in domestic legislation. The article analyses the Brazilian GI journey from TRIPS to today’s framework, and points out the challenges that are yet to be faced at domestic, regional and international level.
Impacts of the Percentage of Basal Core Promoter Mutation on the Progression of Liver Fibrosis After Hepatitis B e Antigen Seroconversion
Authors: Wu Jia-Feng , Chang Kai-Chi , Ni Yen-Hsuan , Hsu Hong-Yuan , Chang Mei-Hwei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
We investigated the relationships among the percentage of hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutations and liver fibrosis after hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion.

Methods
We quantified the percentage of HBV mutants by pyrosequencing using serum samples obtained at inflammatory phase and after HBeAg seroconversion in 160 initially HBeAg-positive chronic HBV-infected patients. The relationships between antiviral agents, percentages of HBV mutations, and liver stiffness measurements (LSMs) were analyzed.

Results
We demonstrated that the percentages of A1762T/G1764A mutation are significantly higher in subjects with an LSM &gt;7 kPa than in those with an LSM ≤7 kPa after HBeAg seroconversion. Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion age is positively correlated with the percentages of A1762T/G1764A mutation at inflammatory phase before HBeAg seroconversion. Subjects who underwent interferon, entecavir, or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate therapy before HBeAg seroconversion possessed a lower percentage of A1762T/G1764A mutation after HBeAg seroconversion. The percentage of A1762T/G1764A ≥20% after HBeAg seroconversion was predictive of an LSM &gt;7 kPa (hazard ratio = 6.37, P = .001). The presence of A1762T/G1764A led to downregulated messenger ribonucleic acid and protein levels of programmed-death ligand-1 (PD-L1) in hepatocytes.

Conclusions
The percentage of A1762T/G1764A mutations after HBeAg seroconversion was associated with liver fibrosis. The A1762T/G1764A mutation may evoke hepatic inflammation by suppressing PD-L1 in hepatocytes.
A Review of the Control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Continental United States
Authors: McGregor Bethany L , Connelly C Roxanne 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L) is an anthropophilic mosquito involved in the transmission of a variety of viral pathogens worldwide including dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. This species, native to Africa, is well established in the continental U.S. (CONUS) and occasionally contributes to localized outbreaks of viral diseases. In the last seven decades, mosquito control programs in the CONUS have been focused on vectors of eastern equine encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and West Nile viruses, as well as nuisance species. Aedes aegypti receives little control focus except during outbreak periods, which has led to a lack of information on appropriate and effective control options targeting Ae. aegypti in the CONUS. As such, in the event of an Ae. aegypti-borne arboviral outbreak in the CONUS, there are limited evidence-based control recommendations or protocols in place. Autochthonous outbreaks of Ae. aegypti-borne pathogens have occurred recently in the CONUS, including dengue outbreaks in 2010 and 2013, a chikungunya outbreak in 2014, and the 2016 outbreak of Zika virus. The increasing frequency of Ae. aegypti-borne outbreaks necessitates increased attention and research on control of this species to prevent and mitigate future outbreaks. This review consolidates and synthesizes the available literature on control of Ae. aegypti, specifically within the CONUS, focusing on data generated through operational applications as well as field and semifield experiments. The purpose of this review is to identify and highlight areas where additional research is needed. The review covers chemical control and insecticide resistance, biological control, source reduction, trapping, and alternative techniques.
Combining Nuclear and Mitochondrial Loci Provides Phylogenetic Information in the Philopterus Complex of Lice (Psocodea: Ischnocera: Philopteridae)
Authors: Najer Tomas , Papousek Ivo , Sychra Oldrich , Sweet Andrew D , Johnson Kevin P 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Philopterus Complex includes several lineages of lice that occur on birds. The complex includes the genera Philopterus (Nitzsch, 1818; Psocodea: Philopteridae), Philopteroides (Mey, 2004; Psocodea: Philopteridae), and many other lineages that have sometimes been regarded as separate genera. Only a few studies have investigated the phylogeny of this complex, all of which are based on morphological data. Here we evaluate the utility of nuclear and mitochondrial loci for recovering the phylogeny within this group. We obtained phylogenetic trees from 39 samples of the Philopterus Complex (Psocodea: Philopteridae), using sequences of two nuclear (hyp and TMEDE6) and one mitochondrial (COI) marker. We evaluated trees derived from these genes individually as well as from concatenated sequences. All trees show 20 clearly demarcated taxa (i.e., putative species) divided into five well-supported clades. Percent sequence divergence between putative species (~5–30%) for the COI gene tended to be much higher than those for the nuclear genes (~1–15%), as expected. In cases where species are described, the lineages identified based on molecular divergence correspond to morphologically defined species. In some cases, species that are host generalists exhibit additional underlying genetic variation and such cases need to be explored by further future taxonomic revisions of the Philopterus Complex.