bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic oscillations induced by phonons in non-magnetic materials
Authors: Gurtubay Idoia G. , Iturbe-Beristain Aitzol , Eiguren Asier 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn unexpected finding two decades ago demonstrated that Shockley electron states in noble metal surfaces are spin-polarized, forming a circulating spin texture in reciprocal space. The fundamental role played by the spin degree of freedom was then revealed, even for a non-magnetic system, whenever the spin-orbit coupling was present with some strength. Here, we demonstrate that, similarly to electrons in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, the propagating vibrational modes are also accompanied by a well-defined magnetic oscillation even in non-magnetic materials. Although this effect is illustrated by considering a single layer of the WSe2 dichalogenide, the phenomenon is completely general and valid for any non-magnetic material with spin-orbit coupling. The emerging phonon-induced magnetic oscillation acts as an additional effective flipping mechanism for the electron spin and its implications in the transport and scattering properties of the material are evident and profound.
Overexpression of TGR5 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via AKT/GSK-3β mediated inflammation and mitochondrial pathway
Authors: Li Junzhi , Cheng Ruining , Wan Hong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury reduces cell proliferation, triggers inflammation, promotes cell apoptosis and necrosis, which are the leading reasons of morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiac disease. TGR5 is shown to express in hearts, but its functional role in I/R-induced myocardial injury is unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of TGR5 in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocyte injury in vitro. The results showed that TGR5 was significantly up-regulated in H9C2 (rat cardiomyocyte cells) and human cardiomyocytes (HCMs) after H/R. Overexpression of TGR5 significantly improved cell proliferation, alleviated apoptosis rate, the activities of caspase-3, cleaved caspases-3 and Bax protein expression levels, and increased Bcl-2 level. Overexpression of TGR5 significantly up-regulated ROS generation, stabilized the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and reduced the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ as well as cytosolic translocation of mitochondrial cytochrome c (cyto-c). Meanwhile, overexpressed TGR5 also enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of interleukin (IL)-10, and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The shTGR5+H/R group followed opposite trends. In addition, overexpressed TGR5 induced an increase in the levels of p-AKT and p-GSK-3β. The protective effects of TGR5 were partially reversed by AKT inhibitor MK-2206. Taken together, these results suggest that TGR5 attenuates I/R-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis as well as inflammation, and these protections may through AKT/GSK-3β pathway.
The final SDSS-IV/SPIDERS X-ray point source spectroscopic catalogue
Authors: Comparat J. , Merloni A. , Dwelly T. , Salvato M. , Schwope A. , Coffey D. , Wolf J. , Arcodia R. , Liu T. , Buchner J. , Nandra K. , Georgakakis A. , Clerc N. , Brusa M. , Brownstein J. R. , Schneider D. P. , Pan K. , Bizyaev D. 
Published: January 2020

Aims. We look to provide a detailed description of the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS) survey, an SDSS-IV programme aimed at obtaining spectroscopic classification and redshift measurements for complete samples of sufficiently bright X-ray sources.
Methods. We describe the SPIDERS X-ray Point Source Spectroscopic Catalogue, considering its store of 11 092 observed spectra drawn from a parent sample of 14 759 ROSAT and XMM sources over an area of 5129 deg2 covered in SDSS-IV by the eBOSS survey.
Results. This programme represents the largest systematic spectroscopic observation of an X-ray selected sample. A total of 10 970 (98.9%) of the observed objects are classified and 10 849 (97.8%) have secure redshifts. The majority of the spectra (10 070 objects) are active galactic nuclei (AGN), 522 are cluster galaxies, and 294 are stars.
Conclusions. The observed AGN redshift distribution is in good agreement with simulations based on empirical models for AGN activation and duty cycle. Forming composite spectra of type 1 AGN as a function of the mass and accretion rate of their black holes reveals systematic differences in the H-beta emission line profiles. This study paves the way for systematic spectroscopic observations of sources that are potentially to be discovered in the upcoming eROSITA survey over a large section of the sky.
Return to Sports after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: a Matched-Pair Analysis of Repair with Internal Brace and Reconstruction Using Hamstring or Quadriceps Tendons
Authors: Ortmaier Reinhold , Fink Christian , Schobersberger Wolfgang , Kindermann Harald , Leister Iris , Runer Armin , Hepperger Caroline , Blank Cornelia , Mattiassich Georg 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate sports activity before anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and after surgical treatment of ACL rupture comparing ACL repair with an Internal Brace to ACL reconstruction using either a hamstring (HT) or quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft.Methods Between 12/2015 and 10/2016, we recruited 69 patients with a mean age of 33.4 years for a matched-pair analysis. Twenty-four patients who underwent Internal Brace reconstruction were matched according to age (± 5 years), gender, Tegner activity scale (± 1), BMI (± 1) and concomitant injuries with 25 patients who had undergone HT reconstruction and 20 patients who had undergone QT reconstruction. The minimum follow-up was 12 months.Results Overall, the return-to-sports rate was 91.3 %. There were no significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in the number of sports disciplines and the time before return to sports within or among the groups. Overall and within the groups, the level of sports participation did not change significantly (p ≥ 0.05) postoperatively. The patients' sense of well-being was excellent after either ACL repair with an Internal Brace or ACL reconstruction with autologous HT or QT.Conclusion At short-term follow-up, ACL repair using an Internal Brace enables sports activity and provides a sense of well-being similar to that of classic ACL reconstruction using hamstring or quadriceps tendon autografts in a selected patient population. Level of Evidence: Level III Retrospective comparative study.
Darm mit Hirn
Authors: Pfanzelt Ingrid 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Darm und das Gehirn sind durch ein komplexes Nervensystem miteinander verbunden. Gefühle, die nicht bewusst gespürt werden können, übertragen sich auf den Darm und verursachen dort Symptome. Viele Darmerkrankungen haben eine psychosomatische Komponente und können durch ein homöopathisches Arzneimittel, das der psychischen Dynamik der Erkrankung entspricht, positiv beeinflusst werden. Dieser Zusammenhang wird an 2 Fallbeispielen gezeigt.
„Honeymoon-“ und „Rebound-Effekt“ in der Homöopathie
Authors: Abermann Christoph , Klinger Kerstin 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung„Honeymoon-“ und „Rebound-Effekt“ sind 2 mögliche Reaktionsweisen auf eine korrekt verschriebene homöopathische Arznei, die v. a. bei der Behandlung chronischer Krankheiten vorkommen. Das Wissen über diese Reaktionsmöglichkeiten hilft dem Homöopathen in der Verlaufsbeurteilung.
Current State of the Art on the Antioxidant Activity of Sage (Salvia spp.) and Its Bioactive Components
Authors: Poulios Efthymios , Giaginis Constantinos , Vasios Georgios K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCommon sage (Salvia spp., with the most common species Salvia officinalis) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant due to its bioactive components, secondary products of its metabolism. These components are mainly phenolics, terpenoids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Many studies have identified their important role in fighting oxidative stress in cells and organisms, together with their anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory role. There are many methods measuring the antioxidant activity of sage phenolic components, usually based on radical scavenging of free radical species, such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and determining the absorbance of the reduced product by a photometric assay. In addition, there are several in vitro and in vivo studies determining the protection of sage extracts in cells in culture or animals, respectively, after induction of oxidative stress. In this review, results from the currently available studies that unravel the significant role of sage bioactive compounds, as antioxidant compounds, and the variety of methods used have been critically analyzed and discussed.
Thromboprophylaxis with Rivaroxaban in Acutely Ill Medical Patients with Renal Impairment: Insights from the MAGELLAN and MARINER Trials
Authors: Weitz Jeffrey I. , Raskob Gary E. , Spyropoulos Alex C. , Spiro Theodore E. , De Sanctis Yoriko , Xu Jianfeng , Lu Wentao , Suh Eunyoung , Argenti Domenick , Yang Haitao , Albanese John , Lipardi Concetta , Barnathan Elliot S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPatients with renal impairment are at higher risk of thrombosis and bleeding than those with normal renal function. The optimal rivaroxaban dose for thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients with renal impairment is unknown. MARINER and MAGELLAN were multicenter, randomized clinical trials of rivaroxaban in acutely ill medical patients. Efficacy and safety outcomes in patients with renal impairment in MARINER (7.5 mg once daily) were compared with those in patients with normal renal function in MARINER (10 mg once daily) and in a subpopulation of MAGELLAN that excluded patients at high risk for bleeding at baseline (10 mg once daily). Compared with enoxaparin/placebo in the MAGELLAN subpopulation, the relative risk (RR) of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) and VTE-related death with rivaroxaban 10 mg in patients with renal impairment (RR = 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.27–1.44) was similar to that in those with normal renal function (RR = 0.78; 95% CI 0.44–1.40), while in MARINER, the 7.5 mg dose did not reduce the risk in patients with renal impairment (hazard ratio = 1.00; 95% CI 0.52–1.92). Major bleeding with rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily was higher in patients with renal impairment than in those with normal renal function in MAGELLAN (1.54% vs. 0.98%) and in the MAGELLAN subpopulation (0.94% vs. 0.61%). At a dose of 10 mg once daily, rivaroxaban is effective for thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients with impaired or normal renal function. The safety of this regimen is enhanced without loss of efficacy by excluding patients at high risk for bleeding, but not by using a reduced-dose strategy.
Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00571649 for the MAGELLAN trial, NCT02111564 for the MARINER trial.
Phoenixin and Its Role in Reproductive Hormone Release
Authors: Clarke Sophie A. , Dhillo Waljit S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPhoenixin is novel neuropeptide, recently identified following the description of a peptide sequence highly conserved across several animal species, including humans, cows, and pigs. Expressed both centrally in the hypothalamus and arcuate nucleus and peripherally in cardiac and gastrointestinal tissue, it appears to modulate reproductive hormone secretion in a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone–dependent manner and may also influence anxiety and memory. While there remains much to be described regarding its signaling, this review assesses the currently available literature in both animal and human studies to summarize our understanding of the physiological role of this novel neuropeptide, and its function in reproductive hormone release.
Neuropeptide Control of Puberty: Beyond Kisspeptins
Authors: Barroso Alexia , Roa Juan , Tena-Sempere Manuel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPuberty is a fundamental developmental event in the lifespan of any individual, when sexual and somatic maturation is completed, and reproductive capacity is achieved. While the tempo of puberty is under strong genetic determination, it is also modulated by a wide array of internal and environmental cues, including, prominently, nutritional and metabolic signals. In the last decade, our understanding of the neurohormonal basis of normal puberty and its perturbations has enlarged considerably. This is illustrated by the elucidation of the essential roles of kisspeptins, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, in the hypothalamic circuits controlling puberty. Moreover, other neuropeptide pathways, convergent with kisspeptin signaling, have been pointed out as important coregulators of pubertal timing. These include the cotransmitters of Kiss1 neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), neurokinin B, and dynorphin, as well as melanocortins, produced by ARC neurons expressing proopiomelanocortin, which are endowed with key roles also in the control of metabolic homeostasis. This neuropeptide setup seemingly participates, in a coordinated manner, in transmitting the regulatory actions of metabolic cues on pubertal maturation. In this function, cellular metabolic sensors, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase, and the fuel-sensing deacetylase, SIRT1, have also been shown recently to contribute to the metabolic regulation of puberty. Altogether, elucidation of the physiological roles of these signals and regulatory circuits will help uncover the intimacies of the brain control of puberty, and its alterations in conditions of metabolic stress, ranging from subnutrition to obesity.
Natal Tooth: A Histomorphologic Variant, a Rarity
Authors: Sadaksharam Jayachandran , Jeba Priya Jesupatham Sophia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPresence of natal or neonatal teeth in a newborn is rare, that is, 1 in 3,000 cases. Various etiological factors have been put forth explaining the presence of natal teeth but they are not very clear. Although some authors have suggested that these teeth may represent predeciduous supernumerary teeth, most of these teeth represent prematurely erupted portions of the deciduous dentition, not supernumerary teeth. They can be left untreated in some cases if they do not cause any difficulty to the mother while feeding or do not pose a risk of swallowing in the newborn. One such case of natal tooth with histological variation is presented here.
Bifid tongue - a case report
Authors: Kulkarni Umesh K. , Kulkarni Deepali U. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDisturbance in the organogenesis of tongue might lead to some malformations like tongue tie, bifid tongue and micro - macroglossia. These anomalies may cause speech impairment and social problems. Here we discuss a case of bifid tongue involving the anterior 2/3rd of tongue reported in a 14 year old male patient without any other orofacial defect or without any associated syndrome.
Average Tibial Plateau Angle of 3,922 Stifles Undergoing Surgical Stabilization for Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture
Authors: Fox Elisabeth A. , Dycus David L. , Leasure Christopher S. , Fox Herbert A. , Canapp Sherman O. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to report the average tibial plateau angle (TPA) from a large sample of dogs and to determine if breed or gonadectomy had a significant association with abnormal TPA.
Study Design This was a retrospective case study.
Materials and Methods Medical records from 2006 to 2015 were reviewed for dogs that were diagnosed with cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) rupture and underwent dynamic surgical stabilization. Signalment, examination findings, preoperative TPA and surgical report were reviewed.
Results A total of 3,249 dogs underwent CrCL stabilization surgery from 2006 to 2015. Of the 3,249 dogs, 3,054 dogs met the inclusion criteria for a total of 3,922 stifles to be evaluated. The average preoperative TPA was 29° ± 3.7°. Average breed-specific preoperative TPA ranged from 27° to 35.1°, with four breeds having significantly lesser TPA and four breeds significantly greater TPA than the overall mean of dogs. Neutered dogs had a higher TPA of 28.87° ± 3.8° than non-neutered dogs with an average TPA of 26.88° ± 4.0°, p < 0.001. There was not a significant difference in average TPA between females and males, regardless of the neuter status.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance Our reported preoperative TPA in a large sample of dogs is higher than what has been previously published. In reviewing 3,922 stifles, the average preoperative TPA was 29°. We report the average preoperative TPA in specific breeds and report that neutered dogs have a significantly higher TPA than intact dogs. This updated information may guide clinicians in management decisions regarding treatment for CrCL rupture.
Modification of the Fetal Profile Line to Measure Reversal of Forehead Slope after Early Repair of Frontoethmoidal Encephalocele
Authors: Das Paramita , Lacey Martin , Guillaume Daniel J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective Congenital frontoethmoidal encephaloceles are associated with a shallow sloping forehead. We (1) sought to determine if early repair reverses abnormal forehead slope, and (2) assessed a modification of the fetal profile (FP) line to assess results.
Design Study of two cases.
Participants Newborns with frontoethmoidal encephaloceles repaired prior to the age of 4 months with cranial base bone grafting.
Main Outcome Measures Forehead slope was assessed using a modification of the FP line, defined as the line that passes through the anterior border of the mandible and nasion, on pre and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the midsagittal plane. A modified FP (mFP) line anterior to the forehead was “ − ”, while a posterior (normal) mFP line was “ + .” The largest distance from the mFP line to the forehead was measured.
Results Both infants underwent bifrontal craniotomy, excision of encephalocele, and repair of cribriform plate defect using full-thickness autologous parietal bone before the age of 4 months. Preoperatively, the mFP line was −20.6 mm in case 1, and −9.8 mm in case 2. In both cases, follow-up MRI showed excellent reversal of forehead slope and normal calvarium development. The mFP line improved to +7.4 (age = 16 months) in case 1, and +7.6 (age = 11 months) in case 2. The parietal bone donor site ossified completely within 3 months in both cases.
Conclusion Early repair with bone grafting can promote normal frontal bone development and improve forehead slope. The mFP line is a useful method to measure degree of forehead slope.
A cadaveric study of anatomical variations of testicular veins
Authors: Antony Anly , Jacinth J. Sujitha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Infertility is considered a major public health issue. A multicentric WHO study showed increased frequency of varicocele in infertile couples to vary geographically from 6% to 47%. Some theorize, varicocele results due to anatomical differences between the right and left testicular veins. This disparity is believed, leads to increase in hydrostatic pressure of the left testicular vein, which is subsequently transferred to the venous plexus, causing dilation. Hence knowledge of testicular venous pattern and its variations takes paramount importance. Aims: To study anatomy of testicular veins with focus on: a] normal and occurrence of varying number and patterns of testicular veins b] to find explanations for incidence of some anomalies c] to consider surgical significance of such variations and d] to compare the results of the present study with previous studies. Materials and methods: The study material comprised of 25 embalmed, adult human male cadavers of south Indian origin. Systematic dissection was carried out following the guidelines of Cunninghairr s Manual of Practical Anatomy. Results: On five sides, four testicular veins were found at the deep inguinal ring. On the left side, all testicular veins terminated in the left renal vein with some showing duplication. Variations in the terminations of testicular veins were seen in three of the right sides, which included termination in the right renal vein, junction of the inferior vena cava with the right renal vein and in one case following duplication, veins terminated on the anterior and lateral wall of the inferior vena cava. Conclusion: Termination of testicular veins followed standard text book pattern on the left side, however a slight increase in the duplication of veins was observed on this side. On the right side, testicular veins showed variations in the site of termination and also duplication. Knowledge of these findings can be of importance in clinical practice related to the problems of the testis.
A morphometric study of glenoid cavity and its implication in shoulder arthroplasty and prosthetic designs
Authors: Shalom Philip Elsy , Dakshayani KR 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Glenoid cavity of scapula is known for its variable morphology. The variations in the shape of glenoid cavity are due to the presence of a notch in its antero-superior part. The glenoid cavity is small and allows only a limited area for fixation devices. Knowledge of its morphology and dimensions would help in designing shoulder prosthesis for shoulder arthroplasty. Aim of current study is to determine the metrical and morphological variations [variation of shapes] of the glenoid cavity of the scapula for a better understanding and management of shoulder pathology. Materials and Method: One hundred dry scapulae of unknown sex availed from the Department of Anatomy, Mysore Medical College were studied. Varying shape of glenoid cavity based on presence of notch was also noted and measurements were taken with the digital Vernier caliper. Results: The glenoid cavity was found to occur in pear, oval, inverted comma shapes in frequency of 65.3%, 28.8%, 5.7% on right side and 62.2%, 27%, 10% on left side respectively. The mean anteroposterior diameter 1 and 2 were 24.05 ± 2.79 mm and 18.31 ± 2.36mm respectively. The mean Glenoid cavity index was 68.05 ± 4.87mm. Conclusion: The findings of the present study concurs with other studies, although there is slight difference in frequency of occurrence of shape of glenoid cavity which could be explained on the basis of ethnic and racial basis. The sound knowledge of various parameters of the glenoid cavity is important while performing shoulder arthroplasty and designing glenoid prostheses
Variable origin of vertebral artery : A Cadaveric and Multidetector computed tomographic study on Indian population
Authors: Sharma Vanita , Pratap Anju , Makhaik Sushma , Chawla Kunal , Kumar Neeraj , Gupta Ankur 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The knowledge of normal and variant anatomy of vertebral artery is important for the interpretation of vascular radiology and in performing safe vascular procedures like repair of aneurysms, excision of craniocervical junction masses & vertebral endarterectomy. Aim: To find out incidence of left vertebral artery of aortic origin in North Indian population. Materials & Method: During routine dissection of thoracic region, an anatomical variation of origin of left vertebral artery of aortic origin was observed in adult male cadaver. To find out incidence of left vertebral artery of aortic origin in North Indian population, Radiological study was done on 100 patients [34 female + 66 males] who were advised computed tomography of neck & thorax for various indication. Diameter of left vertebral artery at origin from arch of aorta and where it entered foramen transversarium was measured. Length of VI segment i.e. from its origin to where it entered foramen transversarium was also measured. Result: Out of 100 patients, left vertebral artery of aortic origin was observed in 4 patients. Conclusion: Aortic origin of vertebral artery is of diagnostic importance prior to surgery in neck & chest regions. Cadaveric metrological studies are also helpful to design aortic stent