bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menstrual health intervention and school attendance in Uganda (MENISCUS-2): a pilot intervention study
Authors: Kansiime Catherine , Hytti Laura , Nalugya Ruth , Nakuya Kevin , Namirembe Prossy , Nakalema Shamirah , Neema Stella , Tanton Clare , Alezuyo Connie , Namuli Musoke Saidat , Torondel Belen , Francis Suzanna C , Ross David A , Bonell Christopher , Seeley Janet , Weiss Helen Anne 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesAchieving good menstrual health and hygiene (MHH) is a public health challenge and there is little evidence to inform interventions. The aim of this study was to pilot test an intervention to improve MHH and school attendance in Uganda, in preparation for a future cluster-randomised trial.DesignLongitudinal study with pre–post evaluation of a pilot intervention.SettingTwo secondary schools in Entebbe, Uganda.ParticipantsOf the 473 eligible students in secondary 2 (S2) at baseline, 450 (95.1%; 232 girls and 218 boys) consented/assented. 369 students (188 girls; 81.0%; and 181 boys; 83.0%) participated in the endline survey.InterventionThe intervention comprised training teachers to improve delivery of government guidelines for puberty education, training in use of a menstrual kit and pain management, a drama skit, provision of analgesics and improvements to school water and sanitation hygiene facilities.Primary and secondary outcome measuresFeasibility and acceptability of delivering the intervention. Baseline and endline quantitative surveys were conducted, with qualitative interviews conducted at endline. School attendance was assessed using self-completed daily diaries among a nested cohort of 100 female students.ResultsThere were high levels of uptake of the individual and behavioural intervention components (puberty education, drama skit, menstrual hygiene management (MHM) kit and pain management). The proportion of girls reporting anxiety about next period decreased from 58.6% to 34.4%, and reported use of effective pain management increased from 76.4% to 91.4%. Most girls (81.4%) reported improved school toilet facilities, which improved their comfort managing menstruation. The diary data and qualitative data indicated a potential intervention impact on improving menstrual-related school absenteeism.ConclusionsThe pilot study showed that the multicomponent MHM intervention was acceptable and feasible to deliver, and potentially effective in improving menstruation knowledge and management. A cluster-randomised trial is needed to evaluate rigorously the intervention effects on MHM and school attendance.Trial registration numberNCT04064736; Pre-results.
Proactive and systematic multidimensional needs assessment in patients with advanced cancer approaching palliative care: a study protocol
Authors: Pergolizzi Denise , Crespo Iris , Balaguer Albert , Monforte-Royo Cristina , Alonso-Babarro Alberto , Arantzamendi Maria , Belar Alazne , Centeno Carlos , Goni-Fuste Blanca , Julià-Torras Joaquim , Martinez Marina , Mateo-Ortega Dolors , May Luis , Moreno-Alonso Deborah , Nabal Vicuña Maria , Noguera Antonio , Pascual Antonio , Perez-Bret Encarnacion , Rocafort Javier , Rodríguez-Prat Andrea , Rodriguez Dulce , Sala Carme , Serna Judith , Porta-Sales Josep 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionThe benefits of palliative care rely on how healthcare professionals assess patients’ needs in the initial encounter/s; crucial to the design of a personalised therapeutic plan. However, there is currently no evidence-based guideline to perform this needs assessment. We aim to design and evaluate a proactive and systematic method for the needs assessment using quality guidelines for developing complex interventions. This will involve patients, their relatives and healthcare professionals in all phases of the study and its communication to offer clinical practice a reliable approach to address the palliative needs of patients.Methods and analysisTo design and assess the feasibility of an evidence-based, proactive and systematic Multidimensional needs Assessment in Palliative care (MAP) as a semistructured clinical interview guide for initial palliative care encounter/s in patients with advanced cancer. This is a two-phase multisite project conducted over 36 months between May 2019 and May 2022. Phase I includes a systematic review, discussions with stakeholders and Delphi consensus. The evidence gathered from phase I will be the basis for the initial versions of the MAP, then submitted to Delphi consensus to develop a preliminary guide of the MAP for the training of clinicians in the feasibility phase. Phase II is a mixed-methods multicenter feasibility study that will assess the MAP’s acceptability, participation, practicality, adaptation and implementation. A nested qualitative study will purposively sample a subset of participants to add preliminary clues about the benefits and barriers of the MAP. The evidence gathered from phase II will build a MAP user guide and educational programme for use in clinical practice.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this study has been granted by the university research ethics committee where the study will be carried out (approval reference MED-2018-10). Dissemination will be informed by the results obtained and communication will occur throughout.
Improving the process of zoning in a community mental health team
Authors: Adams Alexander , Perry Jennifer , Young Stephanie 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionA zoning system is used to ensure that service users receive appropriate levels of support while they are using community mental health team (CMHT) services. Patients are split into red, amber and green zones and are discussed in a daily morning meeting to ensure management plans are in place. We identified that the meeting was an area for improvement as initial feedback indicated that the meeting was repetitive, newcomers to the team found that they did not understand why patients were in different zones and discussions were not being documented. Our three aims for the project were to improve staff-rated satisfaction by 25%, to improve weekly documentation of discussions to 100% and to improve the quality of information handed over by 25% over 4 months.MethodsWe used the Model for Improvement and "plan, do, study, act" (PDSA) cycles to test change ideas such as having someone chair the meeting, use of a ‘situation, background, assessment, recommendation, decision’ (SBARD) format to handover, introduction of a blue zone for inpatients and documentation in a specific part of the electronic notes at a specific time.ResultsWe did not find our PDSA cycles led to a consistent change in satisfaction, quality and efficiency. We found an improvement of SBARD use up to 100% although this was not always consistent and an improvement in documentation to 100% for 3 weeks however this was not sustained.ConclusionOn examining barriers to change, we found the key to sustaining improvement is in ensuring multidisciplinary team member involvement at all stages of the Quality Improvement project.
Art therapy and social function in palliative care patients: a mixed-method pilot study
Authors: Lefèvre Cédric , Economos Guillaume , Tricou Colombe , Perceau-Chambard Élise , Filbet Marilene 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesTo evaluate the influence of art therapy in reducing palliative symptoms, on social availability and on perceptions of aesthetics in hospitalised palliative care patients. The secondary objective was to evaluate its influence on bereaved families.MethodsA mixed-method quasi-experimental before and after study comprising a follow-up postal survey of bereaved families. All patients who were keen to have art therapy sessions were eligible. We used patient-reported outcome scales 5 min before and after the session. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale has been used for pain, anxiety, well-being, fatigue and depression. Ten-point visual analogue scales were used for social availability, lack of desire and wishes, and perceptions of aesthetics based on the Beautiful–Well–Good model. A postal survey was sent to bereaved families. Correlations and data mining analyses were performed.ResultsIn all, 24 patients were recruited for a total of 53 art therapy sessions analysed. Seven families completed the survey. Art therapy significantly reduced the assessed symptoms and overall symptom distress by 54.4% (p <0.001, d = 1.08). It also decreased the feeling of social unavailability (−59%, d = 0.67) and the lack of desire and wishes (−60%, d=0.86). The analysis of the family questionnaires indicates the positive effects regarding support, artwork and feelings during illness and grief.ConclusionOur results suggest an overall improvement in the symptoms experienced and social functioning of palliative patients. Based on our findings, we propose a model for the potential mechanism of action of art therapy.
Implementation of rapid rule out of myocardial infarction using high-sensitivity troponin: cross-sectional survey of English hospitals
Authors: Thapa Shabnam , Wong Ruth , Goodacre Steve 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesRecent guidance recommended use of high-sensitivity troponin for rapid rule out of myocardial infarction (MI) in the English health service. We aimed to determine the extent of implementation of this guidance across English hospitals.MethodsThis study conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 131 English acute hospitals with over 10 000 admissions per year.ResultsWe received 125/131 responses (95%), with 110/125 (88%) reporting use of a high-sensitivity troponin assay and responses showing progressive implementation over the last 10 years. High-sensitivity troponin was reported to be used for rapid rule out of MI in 92/110 Trusts (84%). Review of guidelines received from 95/110 Trusts identified that 71/95 (75%) provided guidance for rapid MI rule out with high-sensitivity troponin: 57 recommended testing at 0 and 3 hours, 4 recommended testing at 0 and 2 hours, and 9 recommended testing at 0 and 1 hour, and timing was unclear at one Trust.ConclusionsEnglish acute hospital Trusts report widespread implementation of high-sensitivity troponin for rapid rule out of MI, with most recommending testing at 0 and 3 hours.
‘Cease and desist?’ The persistence of Marlboro brand imagery in racing video games
Authors: Forsyth Susan , McDaniel Patricia A 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundSince 1972, Philip Morris (PM) has sponsored motorsports. Racing video games are a popular genre among youth and often emulate the branding of their real-life counterparts, potentially exposing youth to tobacco imagery. We examined racing video games for the presence of Marlboro imagery and explored the history of efforts to remove or regulate such imagery.MethodsWe searched the Truth Tobacco Industry documents for relevant documents and used information from video game-related websites and game play videos to identify racing video games that contained Marlboro trademarks and imagery. We also collected information on the Entertainment Software Ratings Board’s (ESRB) tobacco-specific and overall game ratings.FindingsIn 1989, negative publicity surrounding the presence of Marlboro logos in racing games led PM to threaten legal action against two game makers for copyright infringement. PM also launched a media campaign promoting this intervention as evidence of its commitment to youth smoking prevention. Nonetheless, we identified 219 video games from 1979 to 2018 that contained Marlboro trademarks and/or Marlboro-sponsored drivers and livery. Among the games in our sample with an ESRB game rating, all but one received an ‘E,’ indicating appropriateness for everyone, and all but three lacked tobacco content descriptors.ConclusionRacing video games have been and continue to be a vehicle for exposing adolescents to the Marlboro brand. Because voluntary efforts by PM and the video game industry to prevent youth exposure to tobacco brands in video games have been ineffective, USA and international policy-makers should prohibit tobacco content in video games.
Study of the $${{^{25}}}$$Mg(d,p)$${{^{26}}}$$Mg reaction to constrain the $${{^{25}}}$$Al(p,$${\gamma }$$)$${{^{26}}}$$Si resonant reaction rates in nova burning conditions
Authors: Hamill C. B. , Woods P. J. , Kahl D. , Longland R. , Greene J. P. , Marshall C. , Portillo F. , Setoodehnia K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe rate of the $$^{25}$$25Al(p, $$\gamma $$γ)$$^{26}$$26Si reaction is one of the few key remaining nuclear uncertainties required for predicting the production of the cosmic $$\gamma $$γ-ray emitter $$^{26}$$26Al in explosive burning in novae. This reaction rate is dominated by three key resonances ($$J^{\pi }=0^{+}$$Jπ=0+, $$1^{+}$$1+ and $$3^{+}$$3+) in $$^{26}$$26Si. Only the $$3^{+}$$3+ resonance strength has been directly constrained by experiment. A high resolution measurement of the $$^{25}$$25Mg(d, p) reaction was used to determine spectroscopic factors for analog states in the mirror nucleus, $$^{26}$$26Mg. A first spectroscopic factor value is reported for the $$0^{+}$$0+ state at 6.256 MeV, and a strict upper limit is set on the value for the $$1^{+}$$1+ state at 5.691 MeV, that is incompatible with an earlier ($$^{4}$$4He, $$^{3}$$3He) study. These results are used to estimate proton partial widths, and resonance strengths of analog states in $$^{26}$$26Si contributing to the $$^{25}$$25Al(p, $$\gamma $$γ)$$^{26}$$26Si reaction rate in nova burning conditions.
Elastic differential cross-section $${\mathrm{d}}\sigma /{\mathrm{d}}t$$ at $$\sqrt{s}=2.76\hbox { TeV}$$ and implications on the existence of a colourless C-odd three-gluon compound state
Authors: Antchev G. , Aspell P. , Atanassov I. , Avati V. , Baechler J. , Barrera C. Baldenegro , Berardi V. , Berretti M. , Bossini E. , Bottigli U. , Bozzo M. , Burkhardt H. , Cafagna F. S. , Catanesi M. G. , Csanád M. , Csörgő T. , Deile M. , De Leonardis F. , Doubek M. , Druzhkin D. , Eggert K. , Eremin V. , Ferro F. , Fiergolski A. , Garcia F. , Georgiev V. , Giani S. , Grzanka L. , Hammerbauer J. , Ivanchenko V. , Kašpar J. , Kopal J. , Kundrát V. , Lami S. , Latino G. , Lauhakangas R. , Lindsey C. , Lokajíček M. V. , Losurdo L. , Vetere M. Lo , Rodríguez F. Lucas , Macrí M. , Malawski M. , Minafra N. , Minutoli S. , Naaranoja T. , Nemes F. , Niewiadomski H. , Novák T. , Oliveri E. , Oljemark F. , Oriunno M. , Österberg K. , Palazzi P. , Passaro V. , Peroutka Z. , Procházka J. , Quinto M. , Radermacher E. , Radicioni E. , Ravotti F. , Robutti E. , Royon C. , Ruggiero G. , Saarikko H. , Scribano A. , Smajek J. , Snoeys W. , Sziklai J. , Taylor C. , Tcherniaev E. , Turini N. , Vacek V. , Welti J. , Williams J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe proton–proton elastic differential cross section $${\mathrm{d}}\sigma /{\mathrm{d}}t$$dσ/dt has been measured by the TOTEM experiment at $$\sqrt{s}=2.76\hbox { TeV}$$s=2.76TeV energy with $$\beta ^{*}=11\hbox { m}$$β∗=11m beam optics. The Roman Pots were inserted to 13 times the transverse beam size from the beam, which allowed to measure the differential cross-section of elastic scattering in a range of the squared four-momentum transfer (|t|) from 0.36 to $$0.74\hbox { GeV}^{2}$$0.74GeV2. The differential cross-section can be described with an exponential in the |t|-range between 0.36 and $$0.54\hbox { GeV}^{2}$$0.54GeV2, followed by a diffractive minimum (dip) at $$|t_{\mathrm{dip}}|=(0.61\pm 0.03)\hbox { GeV}^{2}$$|tdip|=(0.61±0.03)GeV2 and a subsequent maximum (bump). The ratio of the $${\mathrm{d}}\sigma /{\mathrm{d}}t$$dσ/dt at the bump and at the dip is $$1.7\pm 0.2$$1.7±0.2. When compared to the proton–antiproton measurement of the D0 experiment at $$\sqrt{s} = 1.96\hbox { TeV}$$s=1.96TeV, a significant difference can be observed. Under the condition that the effects due to the energy difference between TOTEM and D0 can be neglected, the result provides evidence for the exchange of a colourless C-odd three-gluon compound state in the t-channel of the proton–proton and proton–antiproton elastic scattering.
Object and place information processing by CA1 hippocampal neurons of C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Ásgeirsdóttir Herborg N. , Cohen Sarah J. , Stackman Robert W. 
Published: February 2020

Medial and lateral entorhinal cortices convey spatial/contextual and item/object information to the hippocampus, respectively. Whether the distinct inputs are integrated as one cognitive map by hippocampal neurons to represent location and the objects therein, or whether they remain as parallel outputs, to be integrated in a downstream region, remains unclear. Principal, or complex spike bursting, neurons of hippocampus exhibit location-specific firing, and it is likely that the activity of “place cells” supports spatial memory/navigation in rodents. Consistent with cognitive map theory, the activity of CA1 hippocampal neurons is also critical for nonspatial memory, such as object recognition. However, the degree to which CA1 neuronal activity represents the associations of object-context or object-in-place memory is not well understood. Here, the contributions of mouse CA1 neuronal activity to object recognition memory and the emergence of object-place conjunctive representations were tested using in vivo recordings and functional inactivation. Independent of arena configuration, CA1 place fields were stable throughout testing and object-place representations were not identified in CA1, although the number of fields per cell increased during object sessions, and few object-related firing CA1 neurons (nonplace) were recorded. The results of the inactivation studies confirmed the significant contribution of CA1 neuronal activity to object recognition memory when a delay of 20 min, but not 5 min, was imposed between encoding and retrieval. Together, our results confirm the delay-dependent contribution of the CA1 region to object memory and suggest that object information is processed in parallel with the ongoing spatial mapping function that is a hallmark of hippocampal memory. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We developed variations of the object recognition task to examine the contribution of mouse CA1 neuronal activity to object memory and the degree to which object-context conjunctive representations are formed during object training. Our results indicate that, within the CA1 region, object information is processed in a parallel but delay-dependent manner, with ongoing spatial mapping.
Neural entrainment to music is sensitive to melodic spectral complexity
Authors: Wollman Indiana , Arias Pablo , Aucouturier Jean-Julien , Morillon Benjamin 
Published: February 2020

During auditory perception, neural oscillations are known to entrain to acoustic dynamics but their role in the processing of auditory information remains unclear. As a complex temporal structure that can be parameterized acoustically, music is particularly suited to address this issue. In a combined behavioral and EEG experiment in human participants, we investigated the relative contribution of temporal (acoustic dynamics) and nontemporal (melodic spectral complexity) dimensions of stimulation on neural entrainment, a stimulus-brain coupling phenomenon operationally defined here as the temporal coherence between acoustical and neural dynamics. We first highlight that low-frequency neural oscillations robustly entrain to complex acoustic temporal modulations, which underscores the fine-grained nature of this coupling mechanism. We also reveal that enhancing melodic spectral complexity, in terms of pitch, harmony, and pitch variation, increases neural entrainment. Importantly, this manipulation enhances activity in the theta (5 Hz) range, a frequency-selective effect independent of the note rate of the melodies, which may reflect internal temporal constraints of the neural processes involved. Moreover, while both emotional arousal ratings and neural entrainment were positively modulated by spectral complexity, no direct relationship between arousal and neural entrainment was observed. Overall, these results indicate that neural entrainment to music is sensitive to the spectral content of auditory information and indexes an auditory level of processing that should be distinguished from higher-order emotional processing stages. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Low-frequency (<10 Hz) cortical neural oscillations are known to entrain to acoustic dynamics, the so-called neural entrainment phenomenon, but their functional implication in the processing of auditory information remains unclear. In a behavioral and EEG experiment capitalizing on parameterized musical textures, we disentangle the contribution of stimulus dynamics, melodic spectral complexity, and emotional judgments on neural entrainment and highlight their respective spatial and spectral neural signature.
Stent-Only Versus Adjunctive Balloon Angioplasty Approach for Saphenous Vein Graft Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Latif Faisal , Uyeda Lauren , Edson Robert , Bhatt Deepak L. , Goldman Steven , Holmes David R. , Rao Sunil V. , Shunk Kendrick , Aggarwal Kul , Uretsky Barry , Bolad Islam , Ziada Khaled , McFalls Edward , Irimpen Anand , Truong Huu Tam , Kinlay Scott , Papademetriou Vasilios , Velagaleti Raghava S. , Rangan Bavana V. , Mavromatis Kreton , Shih Mei-Chiung , Banerjee Subhash , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Direct stenting without pre-dilation or post-dilation has been advocated for saphenous vein graft percutaneous coronary intervention to decrease the incidence of distal embolization, periprocedural myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization.

Methods:
We performed a post hoc analysis of patients enrolled in the DIVA (Drug-Eluting Stents Versus Bare Metal Stents in Saphenous Vein Graft Angioplasty; NCT 01121224) prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Patients were stratified into stent-only and balloon-stent groups. Primary end point was 12-month incidence of target vessel failure (defined as the composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization). Secondary end points included all-cause death, stent thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization during follow-up.

Results:

Of the 575 patients included in this substudy, 185 (32%) patients underwent stent-only percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients in the stent-only versus balloon-stent group had similar baseline characteristics and similar incidence of target vessel failure at 12-months (15% versus 19%; hazard ratio, 1.34 [95% CI, 0.86–2.08];
P
=0.19). During long-term follow-up (median of 2.7 years), the incidence of definite stent thrombosis (1% versus 5%; hazard ratio, 9.20 [95% CI, 1.23–68.92];
P
=0.0085), the composite of definite or probable stent thrombosis (5% versus 11%; hazard ratio, 2.52 [95% CI, 1.23–5.18];
P
=0.009), and target vessel myocardial infarction (8% versus 14%; hazard ratio, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.08–3.40];
P
=0.023) was lower in the stent-only group. Multivariable analysis showed that a higher number of years since coronary artery bypass grafting and >1 target saphenous vein graft lesions were associated with increased target vessel failure during entire follow-up, while preintervention Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction-3 flow was protective.

Conclusions:
In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention of de novo saphenous vein graft lesions, there was no difference in target vessel failure at 12 months and long-term follow-up in the stent-only versus the balloon-stent group; however, the incidence of stent thrombosis was lower in the stent-only group, as was target vessel myocardial infarction.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT 01121224.