bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of pain knowledge and attitudes and beliefs from a pre-licensure physical therapy curriculum and a stand-alone pain elective
Authors: Bareiss Sonja K. , Nare Lucas , McBee Katie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Adequate pain education of health professionals is fundamental in the management of pain. Although an interprofessional consensus of core competencies for health professional pre-licensure education in pain have been established, the degree of their incorporation into physical therapy curriculum varies greatly. The purpose of this study was to 1. Assess students’ pain knowledge and their attitudes and beliefs in a pre-licensure physical therapy curriculum using a cross sectional comparison, and 2. Using a sub-sample of this population, we evaluated if an elective course on pain based on International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) guidelines had an effect on students’ knowledge and beliefs.

Methods
The Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) and the Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS-PT) was completed by first semester (n = 72) and final (n = 56) semester doctor of physical therapy (DPT) students. Final semester students completed surveys before and after participation in an elective course of their choosing (pain elective (PE) or other electives (OE)).

Results
Participation rate was > 90% (n = 128/140). We found mean differences in NPQ scores between final semester (3rd year) students (76.9%) compared to first semester students (64%), p < 0.001. Third year students showed a mean difference on PABS-PT subscales, showing decreased biomedical (p < 0.001) and increased biopsychosocial (p = 0.005) scores compared to first semester students. Only final semester students that participated in the PE improved their NPQ scores (from 79 to 86%, p < 0.001) and demonstrated a significant change in the expected direction on PABS-PT subscales with increased biopsychosocial (p = 0.003) and decreased biological scores (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
We suggest that although core pre-licensure DPT education improves students’ pain knowledge and changes their attitudes towards pain, taking a IASP based pain elective continues to improve their pain neurobiology knowledge and also further changes their attitudes and beliefs towards pain. Therefore, a stand-alone course on pain in addition to pain concepts threaded throughout the curriculum may help ensure that entry-level DPT students are better prepared to effectively work with patients with pain.
Customized versus population birth weight charts for identification of newborns at risk of long-term adverse cardio-metabolic and respiratory outcomes: a population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Erkamp Jan S. , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. , Mulders Annemarie G. M. G. J. , Steegers Eric A. P. , Reiss Irwin K. M. , Duijts Liesbeth , Gaillard Romy 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Customized birth weight charts take into account physiological maternal characteristics that are known to influence fetal growth to differentiate between physiological and pathological abnormal size at birth. It is unknown whether customized birth weight charts better identify newborns at risk of long-term adverse outcomes than population birth weight charts. We aimed to examine whether birth weight classification according to customized charts is superior to population charts at identification of newborns at risk of adverse cardio-metabolic and respiratory health outcomes.

Methods
In a population-based prospective cohort study among 6052 pregnant women and their children, we measured infant catch-up growth, overweight, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis, clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors, and asthma at age 10. Small size and large size for gestational age at birth was defined as birth weight in the lowest or highest decile, respectively, of population or customized charts. Association with birth weight classification was assessed using logistic regression models.

Results
Of the total of 605 newborns classified as small size for gestational age by population charts, 150 (24.8%) were reclassified as appropriate size for gestational age by customized charts, whereas of the total of 605 newborns classified as large size for gestational age by population charts, 129 (21.3%) cases were reclassified as appropriate size for gestational age by customized charts. Compared to newborns born appropriate size for gestational age, newborns born small size for gestational age according to customized charts had increased risks of infant catch-up growth (odds ratio (OR) 5.15 (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.22 to 6.29)), high blood pressure (OR 2.05 (95% CI 1.55 to 2.72)), and clustering of cardio-metabolic risk factors at 10 years (OR 1.66 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.34)). No associations were observed for overweight, hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis, or asthma. Newborns born large-size for gestational age according to customized charts had higher risk of catch-down-growth only (OR 3.84 (95% CI 3.22 to 4.59)). The direction and strength of the observed associations were largely similar when we used classification according to population charts.

Conclusions
Small-size-for-gestational-age newborns seem to be at risk of long-term adverse cardio-metabolic health outcomes, irrespective of the use of customized or population birth weight charts.
A single-pieced, fully air-driven, cuff-inserted pseudo-blood pressure generator for on-site pre-screening test of non-invasive blood pressure monitor by nurses
Authors: Hwang Young Jun , Kim Gun Ho , Yun Sung Uk , Nam Kyoung Won 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
It is crucial to frequently inspect the proper operation of non-invasive electronic blood pressure monitors in various sites to prevent accidents from inaccurate blood pressure measurements, especially for large-scale hospitals. However, most conventional blood pressure monitor inspection devices are not suitable for such on-site investigation purpose. In this study, we propose a new single-pieced, fully air-driven pseudo blood pressure generator that is suitable for frequent on-site pre-screening tests of the blood pressure monitor by nurses.

Results
The proposed model comprises a rigid cylindrical body, two simulated brachial arteries, two air-pumps, an electronic controller, and a pressure sensor. Control algorithm based on polynomial curve fitting was implemented to generate various user-instructed systolic blood pressure and heart-rate conditions automatically. To evaluate the performance and clinical feasibility of the proposed model, various experiments were performed using ten commercial electronic blood pressure monitors. Experimental results demonstrated that the values of the Pearson coefficient between the reference pseudo-blood pressure waveforms and the actually generated pressure waveforms were 0.983, 0.983 and 0.997 at 60, 70 and 80 beats/min, respectively (p < 0.05). Besides, during the experiments using ten commercial blood pressure monitors, the maximum error in average systolic blood pressure was 2.9 mmHg, the maximum standard deviation in average systolic blood pressure was 3.5 mmHg, and the maximum percentage error in average pumping rate was 3.2%, respectively.

Conclusions
We expect that the proposed model can give an easy and comprehensive way for frequent on-site investigations of the blood pressure monitors by nurses, and improve the safety of patients with abnormal blood pressure, especially in most large-scale hospitals.
Approach and assessment of automated stereotactic radiotherapy planning for early stage non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Bai Xue , Shan Guoping , Chen Ming , Wang Binbing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIntensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) are standard physical technologies of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) that are used for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The treatment plan quality depends on the experience of the planner and is limited by planning time. An automated planning process can save time and ensure a high-quality plan. This study aimed to introduce and demonstrate an automated planning procedure for SBRT for patients with NSCLC based on machine-learning algorithms. The automated planning was conducted in two steps: (1) determining patient-specific optimized beam orientations; (2) calculating the organs at risk (OAR) dose achievable for a given patient and setting these dosimetric parameters as optimization objectives. A model was developed using data of historical expertise plans based on support vector regression. The study cohort comprised patients with NSCLC who were treated using SBRT. A training cohort (N = 125) was used to calculate the beam orientations and dosimetric parameters for the lung as functions of the geometrical feature of each case. These plan–geometry relationships were used in a validation cohort (N = 30) to automatically establish the SBRT plan. The automatically generated plans were compared with clinical plans established by an experienced planner.ResultsAll 30 automated plans (100%) fulfilled the dose criteria for OARs and planning target volume (PTV) coverage, and were deemed acceptable according to evaluation by experienced radiation oncologists. An automated plan increased the mean maximum dose for ribs (31.6 ± 19.9 Gy vs. 36.6 ± 18.1 Gy,P < 0.05). The minimum, maximum, and mean dose; homogeneity index; conformation index to PTV; doses to other organs; and the total monitor units showed no significant differences between manual plans established by experts and automated plans (P > 0.05). The hands-on planning time was reduced from 40–60 min to 10–15 min.ConclusionAn automated planning method using machine learning was proposed for NSCLC SBRT. Validation results showed that the proposed method decreased planning time without compromising plan quality. Plans generated by this method were acceptable for clinical use.
Antidepressant medication use among working age first-generation migrants resident in Finland: an administrative data linkage study
Authors: Bosqui Tania , Väänänen Ari , Buscariolli Andre , Koskinen Aki , O’Reilly Dermot , Airila Auli , Kouvonen Anne 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
A higher risk of common mental health disorders has been found for first-generation migrants in high income countries, but few studies have examined the use of mental health care. This study aimed to identify the level of antidepressant use amongst the largest first generation migrant groups resident in Finland.

Methods
This cohort study used record-based data linkage methodology to examine the hazard of antidepressant use between migrant groups in Finland using Cox proportional hazard models. Data was derived using socio-demographic and prescription data from Statistics Finland and the Finnish Population Registry. The cohort included a random sample of 33% of the working age population in 2007 (N = 1,059,426, 49.8% women, 2.5% migrants) and dispensed antidepressant prescriptions from 2008 to 2014.

Results
After adjustment for socio-demographic characteristics, results show higher antidepressant use for female migrants from North Africa and the Middle East compared to the Finland-born majority, a similar level of use for migrants from Western countries, and lower use for migrants from other non-Western countries.

Conclusions
The gender and country of origin dependent use of antidepressant medication is discussed in terms of socio-political and cultural between-group differences. Recommendations are made to address inequalities in accessing services, particularly for migrants from non-Western countries.
Long noncoding RNA GAS5 inhibits progression of colorectal cancer by interacting with and triggering YAP phosphorylation and degradation and is negatively regulated by the m6A reader YTHDF3
Authors: Ni Wen , Yao Su , Zhou Yunxia , Liu Yuanyuan , Huang Piao , Zhou Aijun , Liu Jingwen , Che Liheng , Li Jianming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
YAP activation is crucial for cancer development including colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) modified transcripts of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate YAP activation in cancer progression. We investigated the functional link between lncRNAs and the m6A modification in YAP signaling and CRC progression.

Methods
YAP interacting lncRNAs were screened by RIP-sequencing, RNA FISH and immunofluorescence co-staining assays. Interaction between YAP and lncRNA GAS5 was studied by biochemical methods. MeRIP-sequencing combined with lncRNA-sequencing were used to identify the m6A modified targets of YTHDF3 in CRC. Gain-of-function and Loss-of-function analysis were performed to measure the function of GAS5-YAP-YTHDF3 axis in CRC progression in vitro and in vivo.

Results
GAS5 directly interacts with WW domain of YAP to facilitate translocation of endogenous YAP from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and promotes phosphorylation and subsequently ubiquitin-mediated degradation of YAP to inhibit CRC progression in vitro and in vivo. Notably, we demonstrate the m6A reader YTHDF3 not only a novel target of YAP but also a key player in YAP signaling by facilitating m6A-modified lncRNA GAS5 degradation, which profile a new insight into CRC progression. Clinically, lncRNA GAS5 expressions is negatively correlated with YAP and YTHDF3 protein levels in tumors from CRC patients.

Conclusions
Our study uncovers a negative functional loop of lncRNA GAS5-YAP-YTHDF3 axis, and identifies a new mechanism for m6A-induced decay of GAS5 on YAP signaling in progression of CRC which may offer a promising approach for CRC treatment.
Treatment patterns and economic burden of sickle-cell disease patients prescribed hydroxyurea: a retrospective claims-based study
Authors: Shah Nirmish , Bhor Menaka , Xie Lin , Halloway Rashid , Arcona Steve , Paulose Jincy , Yuce Huseyin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate sickle-cell disease (SCD) treatment patterns and economic burden among patients prescribed hydroxyurea (HU) in the US, through claims data.MethodsSCD patients with pharmacy claims for HU were selected from the Medicaid Analytic Extracts (MAX) from January 1, 2009 - December 31, 2013. The first HU prescription during the identification period was defined as the index date and patients were required to have had continuous medical and pharmacy benefits for ≥6 months baseline and 12 months follow-up periods. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, health care utilization, and costs were examined, and variables were analyzed descriptively.ResultsA total of 3999 SCD patients prescribed HU were included; the mean age was 19.24 years, most patients were African American (73.3%), and the mean Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score was 0.6. Asthma (20.3%), acute chest syndrome (15.6%), and infectious and parasitic diseases (20%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. During the 12-month follow-up period, 58.9% (N = 2357) of patients discontinued HU medication. The mean medication possession ratio (MPR) was 0.52, and 22.3% of patients had MPR ≥80%. The average length of stay (LOS) for SCD-related hospitalization was 13.35 days; 64% of patients had ≥1 SCD-related hospitalization. The mean annual total SCD-related costs per patient were $27,779, mostly inpatient costs ($20,128).ConclusionsOverall, the study showed the patients had significant unmet needs manifest as poor medication adherence, high treatment discontinuation rates, and high economic burden.
Phloretin attenuates STAT-3 activity and overcomes sorafenib resistance targeting SHP-1–mediated inhibition of STAT3 and Akt/VEGFR2 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Saraswati Sarita , Alhaider Abdulqader , Abdelgadir Abdelgalil Mohamed , Tanwer Pooja , Korashy Hesham M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy. Phloretin (PH) possesses anticancer, antitumor, and hepatoprotective effects, however, the effects and potential mechanisms of phloretin remain elusive.MethodsFive HCC cells were tested in vitro for sensitivity to PH, Sorafenib (Sor) or both and the apoptosis, signal transduction and phosphatase activity were analyzed. To validate the role of SHP-1, we used PTP inhibitor III and SHP-1 siRNA. Further, we used purified SHP-1 proteins or HCC cells expressing deletion N-SH2 domain or D61A point mutants to study the PH efficacy on SHP-1. The `in vivo studies were conducted using HepG2 and SK-Hep1 and Sor resistant HepG2SRand Huh7SRxenografts. Molecular docking was done with Swiss dock and Auto Dock Vina.ResultsPH inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in all HCC cells by upregulating SHP-1 expression and downregulating STAT3 expression and further inhibited pAKT/pERK signaling. PH activated SHP-1 by disruption of autoinhibition of SHP-1, leading to reduced p-STAT3Tyr705level. PH induced apoptosis in two Sor-resistant cell lines and overcome STAT3, AKT, MAPK and VEGFR2 dependent Sor resistance in HCCs. PH potently inhibited tumor growth in both Sor-sensitive and Sor-resistant xenografts in vivo by impairing angiogenesis, cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis via targeting the SHP-1/STAT3 signaling pathway.ConclusionOur data suggest that PH inhibits STAT3 activity in Sor-sensitive and -resistant HCCs via SHP-1–mediated inhibition of STAT3 and AKT/mTOR/JAK2/VEGFR2 pathway. Our results clearly indicate that PH may be a potent reagent for hepatocellular carcinoma and a noveltargeted therapy for further clinical investigations.Graphical abstract
Linoleic acid improves assembly of the CII subunit and CIII2/CIV complex of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system in heart failure
Authors: Maekawa Satoshi , Takada Shingo , Nambu Hideo , Furihata Takaaki , Kakutani Naoya , Setoyama Daiki , Ueyanagi Yasushi , Kang Dongchon , Sabe Hisataka , Kinugawa Shintaro 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Linoleic acid is the major fatty acid moiety of cardiolipin, which is central to the assembly of components involved in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Although linoleic acid is an essential nutrient, its excess intake is harmful to health. On the other hand, linoleic acid has been shown to prevent the reduction in cardiolipin content and to improve mitochondrial function in aged rats with spontaneous hypertensive heart failure (HF). In this study, we found that lower dietary intake of linoleic acid in HF patients statistically correlates with greater severity of HF, and we investigated the mechanisms therein involved.

Methods
HF patients, who were classified as New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I (n = 45), II (n = 93), and III (n = 15), were analyzed regarding their dietary intakes of different fatty acids during the one month prior to the study. Then, using a mouse model of HF, we confirmed reduced cardiolipin levels in their cardiac myocytes, and then analyzed the mechanisms by which dietary supplementation of linoleic acid improves cardiac malfunction of mitochondria.

Results
The dietary intake of linoleic acid was significantly lower in NYHA III patients, as compared to NYHA II patients. In HF model mice, both CI-based and CII-based OXPHOS activities were affected together with reduced cardiolipin levels. Silencing of CRLS1, which encodes cardiolipin synthetase, in cultured cardiomyocytes phenocopied these events. Feeding HF mice with linoleic acid improved both CI-based and CII-based respiration as well as left ventricular function, together with an increase in cardiolipin levels. However, although assembly of the respirasome (i.e., CI/CIII2/CIV complex), as well as assembly of CII subunits and the CIII2/CIV complex statistically correlated with cardiolipin levels in cultured cardiomyocytes, respirasome assembly was not notably restored by dietary linoleic acid in HF mice. Therefore, although linoleic acid may significantly improve both CI-based and CII-based respiration of cardiomyocytes, respirasomes impaired by HF were not easily repaired by the dietary intake of linoleic acid.

Conclusions
Dietary supplement of linoleic acid is beneficial for improving cardiac malfunction in HF, but is unable to completely cure HF.
Combining HPV DNA load with p16/Ki-67 staining to detect cervical precancerous lesions and predict the progression of CIN1–2 lesions
Authors: Li Yuejie , Liu Jie , Gong Li , Sun Xingwang , Long Wenbo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) DNA tests are highly sensitive and can triage women with mild lesions, improving the prognosis and diagnosis of cervical lesions. However, additional efficient strategies should be developed to improve the specificity of these tests.

Methods
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of HPV DNA load in improving the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical lesions by p16/Ki-67 testing. Histological samples were collected from 350 women with HR-HPV genotyping and analyzed by qRT-PCR. Immunohistochemical staining was used to assess p16 and Ki-67 expression and clinical performance characteristics were calculated.

Results
Of the cases, 271 had detectable HR-HPV infection, in which HPV-16 was most prevalent (52.0%), followed by HPV-58 (22.5%). P16/Ki-67-positivity increased with histological severity but not for HR-HPV infection. Amongst the 13 HR-HPV genotypes, only HPV-16 (P = 0.016) and HPV-58 (P = 0.004) viral loads significantly correlated with lesion severity. The P16/Ki-67/HPV DNA load co-test indicated an increased sensitivity for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions compared to p16/Ki-67 staining in HPV-16 and/or 58 positive cases. Viral load did not improve the sensitivity of p16/Ki-67 co-test in non-HPV-16 or 58 positive cases. The clinical performance of the p16/Ki-67/HPV DNA load co-test was limited for the prediction of the outcome of CIN1 lesions. However, amongst the 12 HPV-16 and/or 58 positive CIN2 cases in which return visit results were obtained, the behavior of the lesions could be predicted, with a sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction rate (PPV), and negative prediction rate (NPV) of 0.667, 1, 1 and 0.5, respectively.

Conclusion
Combination of the assessment of HPV DNA load with the intensity of p16 and Ki-67 staining could increase the sensitivity of CIN lesion diagnosis and predict the outcome of CIN2 in patients with a HPV-16 and/or 58 infection.