bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of CLIC3 mRNA overexpression in bladder cancer
Authors: Chen Mei , Zhang Shufang , Wen Xiaohong , Cao Hui , Gao Yuanhui 
Published: January 2020

Background
Human intracellular chloride channel 3 (CLIC3) is involved in the development of various cancers, but the expression and prognostic value of CLIC3 mRNA in bladder cancer (BC) remain unclear.

Methods
The gene expression data and clinical information of CLIC3 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and verified in the Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of CLIC3 mRNA in BC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of CLIC3 mRNA and the prognosis of BC. Cox univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on the overall survival and tumor-specific survival of BC patients. The genes coexpressed with CLIC3 were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). CLIC3-related signal transduction pathways in BC were explored with gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA).

Results
The expression of CLIC3 mRNA in BC tissues was higher than that in normal tissues (P < 0.01). High CLIC3 mRNA expression was associated with age (P = 0.021) and grade (P = 0.045) in BC patients. High CLIC3 mRNA expression predicted a poor prognosis in BC patients (P < 0.05). Cox univariate and multivariate analyses showed that high CLIC3 mRNA expression was associated with tumor-specific survival in BC patients (P < 0.05). Functional enrichment analyses indicated that CLIC3 may be significantly associated with the cell cycle, focal adhesion, the extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction and the P53 signaling pathway.

Conclusions
CLIC3 mRNA is highly expressed in BC, and its high expression is related to the adverse clinicopathological factors and prognosis of BC patients. CLIC3 can be used as a biomarker for the prognosis of BC patients.
Household Biomass Fuel Consumption Pattern in Rural Areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Nandi Rajasree , Nusrat Mahey 
Published: January 2020

Biomass fuels contribute to the largest share of the energy uses in Bangladesh. The present study determines the household biomass fuel consumption pattern in the rural areas of Titas Upazila under Comilla district in Bangladesh using the stratified random sampling technique through semi-structured questionnaires. Data were collected from 84 households under three household land categories – poor (land area <0.10 acre), middle (land area 0.10-0.25acre) and well-off household (land area >0.25 acre). Households were found to depend largely on biomass fuel including firewood, branches, leaves and twigs, bamboo, agricultural residue (rice husk, rice straw) and cow dung mainly for cooking. Firewood was the dominant biomass fuel for well-off and middle households (28% and 25%) and branches of the tree were dominant fuel for poor households (24%). More than 40% well-off households collect major amount of fuelwood from their own homestead forests while 32% middle and 37% poor households collect tree biomass from agricultural lands. Villagers preferred mostly Albizia procera, Mangifera indica, Cocos nucifera, Tamarindus indica as fuelwood tree species. Households across three categories (poor, middle, well-off) spend 19%, 12% and 11% of their total income for buying biomass fuels, respectively. All of the three households used a traditional wood-burning oven. Among them 39% well-off households and 18% middle households used LPG. Decreasing forest resources impose threats on the availability of biomass fuels. About 70% of households think that fuelwood was a scarce resource because of the degradation of homestead forest and fuelwood production unsustainability. Villagers suggested for alternative fuel items to decrease the pressure on biomass fuel energy sources. They also prescribed inclusion of fast-growing tree species into plantation program at the homestead level. Moreover, they demanded their involvement in this plantation program. The outcome of this study might be helpful to formulate policies to meet future challenges in fuel consumption and their sustainable utilization.
Adenoma Detection Rates by Physicians and Subsequent Colorectal Cancer Risk
Authors: Pilonis Nastazja D. , Spychalski Piotr , Kalager Mette , Løberg Magnus , Wieszczy Paulina , Didkowska Joanna , Wojciechowska Urszula , Kobiela Jaroslaw , Regula Jaroslaw , Rösch Thomas , Bretthauer Michael , Kaminski Michal F. 
Published: December 2024

ImportancePatients of physicians with higher adenoma detection rates (ADRs) during colonoscopy have lower colorectal cancer (CRC) risk after screening colonoscopy (ie, postcolonoscopy CRC). Among physicians with an ADR above the recommended threshold, it is unknown whether improving ADR is associated with a lower incidence of CRC in their patients.ObjectiveTo determine the association of improved ADR in physicians with a range of ADR values at baseline with CRC incidence among their patients.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA total of 789 physicians in the Polish Colonoscopy Screening Program were studied between 2000 and 2017, with final follow-up on December 31, 2022. Joinpoint regression analyses were used to identify trends between changes in ADR and postcolonoscopy CRC incidence. Rates of CRC after colonoscopy were compared between physicians whose ADR improved and those without improvement. ADR improvement was defined as either an improvement by at least 1 ADR sextile category or remaining in the highest category.ExposurePhysician ADR.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAssociation of improved ADR with postcolonoscopy CRC incidence.ResultsOf 485 615 patients (mean [SD] age, 57 [5.41] years; 60% female), 1873 CRC diagnoses and 474 CRC-related deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 10.2 years. Among individual physicians at baseline, median (IQR) ADR was 21.8% (15.9%-28.2%) and maximum ADR was 63.0%. Joinpoint regression showed a change in CRC incidence trends at an ADR level of 26%, corresponding to a CRC incidence of 27.1 per 100 000 person-years. Patients of physicians whose ADR was less than 26% at baseline and improved during follow-up had a postcolonoscopy CRC incidence of 31.8 (95% CI, 29.5-34.3) per 100 000 person-years, compared with 40.7 (95% CI, 37.8-43.8) per 100 000 person-years for patients of physicians with an ADR of less than 26% at baseline who did not improve during follow-up (difference, 8.9/100 000 person-years [95% CI, 5.06-12.74]; P &amp;lt; .001). Patients of physicians whose ADR was above 26% at baseline and improved during follow-up had a postcolonoscopy CRC incidence of 23.4 (95% CI, 18.4-29.8) per 100 000 person-years, compared with 22.5 (95% CI, 18.3-27.6) for patients of physicians whose ADR was above 26% at baseline and did not improve during follow-up (difference, 0.9/100 000 person-years [95% CI, −6.46 to 8.26]; P = .80).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this observational study, improved ADR over time was statistically significantly associated with lower CRC risk in patients who underwent colonoscopy compared with absence of ADR improvement, but only among patients whose physician had a baseline ADR of less than 26%.
Cannabidiol for Scan-Related Anxiety in Women With Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Nayak Manan M. , Chai Peter , Catalano Paul J. , Pirl William F. , Tulsky James A. , Tung Stephanie C. , Lin Nancy U. , Andrade Nicole , Johns Sabrina , Vaz Clint , Hughes Melissa , Braun Ilana M. 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceEarly evidence from studies outside of oncology has suggested that cannabidiol (CBD) may have anxiolytic effects without neuropsychiatric risks. An understanding of oral CBD in patients with cancer-related anxiety is urgently needed.ObjectiveTo determine whether a single 400-mg oral dose of a US Food and Drug Administration–approved CBD improves clinical anxiety in an oncologic population.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis phase II, double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was performed at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute’s Breast Oncology Center from November 2, 2021, through March 1, 2023. Women aged 18 years or older with advanced breast cancer and baseline clinical anxiety were included.InterventionsPatients were randomized 1:1 to receive oral CBD, 400 mg, vs placebo within 48 hours before a scan assessing tumor burden.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was a between-arm comparison of change scores on the afraid subscale of the Visual Analog Mood Scale (VAMS) before and 2 to 4 hours after study drug ingestion. The VAMS scores were converted to T-scores to facilitate interpretation of mood change (&amp;gt;20 indicates a reliable change, &amp;gt;30 indicates both a reliable and clinically significant change). Exploratory outcomes included between-arm comparisons of anxiety levels 2 to 4 hours after study drug ingestion, between-arm comparisons of change scores on other VAMS subscales, and safety.ResultsAmong the 50 participants, 25 were randomized to the placebo arm (mean [range] age, 57 [37-81] years) and 25 were randomized to the CBD arm (mean [range] age, 60 [30-79] years). The primary end point of VAMS afraid subscale change score, although numerically greater in the CBD arm, was not significantly different between arms (mean [SD]: CBD, −19.1 [15.4]; placebo, −15.0 [10.9]; P = .37). The secondary outcome directly comparing anxiety levels between arms 2 to 4 hours after study drug ingestion demonstrated significantly lower VAMS afraid T-scores for participants who received CBD compared with those receiving placebo (mean [SD]: CBD, 51.5 [12.8]; placebo, 58.0 [11.6]; P = .02). No grade 3 or 4 toxic effects were reported.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this randomized clinical trial show that CBD can be used safely in women with advanced breast cancer and clinical anxiety. Although the study did not meet its primary end point comparing preingestion vs postingestion anxiety change scores between study arms, anxiety levels in the CBD arm were significantly lower 2 to 4 hours after ingestion, suggesting a possible anxiolytic effect and warranting further investigation.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04482244
Conditional and Unconditional Social Transfers, Early-Life Nutrition, and Child Growth
Authors: Wallenborn Jordyn T. , Sonephet Souliviengkham , Sayasone Somphou , Siengsounthone Latsamy , Kounnavong Sengchanh , Fink Günther 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceRates of exclusive breastfeeding are declining despite the numerous benefits to mothers and their children.ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of conditional and unconditional social transfers on exclusive breastfeeding rates and child growth.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a prospective, parallel, 3-armed randomized clinical trial conducted between August 2022 and October 2023. The trial was conducted in 4 districts of Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Mothers identified from a large birth cohort were randomized into 2 intervention groups (conditional social transfer or unconditional social transfer) or a control group at a ratio of 1:1:1. Data analysis was conducted from December 2023 to January 2024.InterventionsTwo interventions were tested: (1) conditional social transfer, in which the mother received the social transfer only if still exclusively breastfeeding at 6 months, and (2) unconditional social transfer, in which the mother received the social transfer at 6 months regardless of breastfeeding status. Mothers in the control group received educational material only.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of women exclusively breastfeeding at 6 months post partum. Secondary outcomes included exclusive breastfeeding duration (in months) and child growth (height, weight, and head circumference).ResultsA total of 298 mothers (mean [SD] age, 27.2 [6.5] years) were identified from a large birth cohort and randomized into a conditional social transfer group (n = 100), an unconditional social transfer group (n = 97), or a control group (n = 101). The adjusted odds ratio of exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months post partum was 4.60 (95% CI, 2.10-10.07; P &amp;lt; .001) for the conditional social transfer group and 2.51 (95% CI, 1.11-5.66; P = .03) for the unconditional social transfer group compared with the control group. The risk of early exclusive breastfeeding cessation was lower for participants who received the unconditional social transfer (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.68; 95% CI, 0.49-0.92; P = .02) or conditional social transfer (aHR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.44-0.83; P = .002) compared with participants in the control group. There were no significant differences between groups for child growth at 6 months post partum.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings suggest that social transfers can substantially improve exclusive breastfeeding rates at 6 months post partum, with particularly large benefits for conditional transfers. Continued evaluation at 1, 2, and 3 years post partum will be conducted to assess the long-term outcomes of social transfers on complementary breastfeeding and child health and development over time.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05665049
Antenna Compact Range
Authors: Kefauver William Neill , Samson Timothy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Compact ranges are a powerful tool to measure the performance of antennas accurately, efficiently, and with minimal facility investment. The term “compact” comes from the idea that an antenna can be measured without requiring an indoor or outdoor range that is large enough to meet the far‐field criteria. The far‐field criterion is 2
D
2
/
λ
, where
D
is the diameter of the sphere that encloses the antenna, and
λ
is the wavelength. The antenna compact range allows one to have a nearly fixed size quiet zone above the cutoff frequency of the optics. Otherwise, evaluation of antennas must use conventional far‐field equipment—positioners and receivers. This article covers the design concerns with this antenna facility including positioners, multipath, quiet zone, and polarization.
Power Amplifier Load‐Modulation Ratio
Authors: Hou Rui 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Load modulation is a technique to enhance the energy efficiency of power amplifiers for non‐constant envelope signals. These types of signals are very often used for wireless communication systems. Most cellular base stations today employ Doherty power amplifiers, which utilize load modulation as the underlying mechanism.
The load‐modulation ratio quantifies how much the load impedance of a power amplifier varies during its operation. In principle, a higher load‐modulation ratio yields efficiency enhancement of a power amplifier at a lower‐power level from its peak capacity. In practice, this ratio needs to be designed carefully to optimize the performance of power amplifiers.
Eyewitness Decision Processes: A Valid Reflector Variable
Authors: Mansour Jamal K. , Beaudry Jennifer L. , Nguyen Mai‐Tram , Groncki Roy 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIdentification accuracy can be predicted from eyewitnesses' self‐reported decision processes but the evidence of their ability to improve prediction when confidence and response time are included is mixed and minimal. Typically, decision processes are measured via one or five self‐report questions; we explored whether a more nuanced questionnaire could improve prediction. Participants viewed a mock‐crime video, made a target‐present or ‐absent lineup decision, and completed 17 decision process items. An exploratory factor analysis on choosers' (n = 391) responses revealed three correlated factors, broadly reflecting automatic response, relative judgment, and absolute judgment. The three‐factor solution had good internal reliability (McDonald's ωs = 0.93, 0.89, and 0.74, respectively). Scores produced from the questions loading on the automatic response and relative judgment factors improved predictions of accuracy compared to using confidence and response time alone. Self‐reported decision processes may be an easy‐to‐administer and useful reflector of identification accuracy.
Recent Progress in High‐Throughput On‐Chip Synthesis, Screening, and Data‐Driven Optimization: Toward an Electrocatalyst Chip for Catalysis Universe Exploration
Authors: Huang Zhongjie , Chen Zilong , Cheng Jiawen , Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Shuyi , Chen Tingting , Zhang Xiaodan , Pang Huan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThroughout history, the quest for a “magic crystal ball” to predict the future and uncover the world's greatest innovations has captivated human imagination. For scientists, the dream of a compact chip brimming with data and wisdom is equally tantalizing. Despite the meteoric rise of artificial intelligence, the research paradigm for electrocatalysts has lagged, advancing at a surprisingly sluggish pace. This review aims to promote electrocatalyst informatics and revolutionize high‐performance material discovery by integrating advanced combinatorial on‐chip synthesis, high‐throughput screening, and machine learning‐powered analysis and optimization. The synergistic progress in these fields, envisioning a future where a minimized “electrocatalyst chip” can effortlessly navigate complex chemical spaces within a “data fablab” is critically examined. This innovative paradigm promises to accelerate the discovery of crucial materials, offering tangible solutions to pressing global challenges in energy, environmental sustainability, and technological advancement. This strategy is believed to hold great potential to transform the landscape of catalyst discovery and unleash a new wave of scientific breakthroughs.
Predicting Mechanical and Thermal Properties of High‐Entropy Ceramics via Transferable Machine‐Learning‐Potential‐Based Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Liu Yiwen , Meng Hong , Zhu Zijie , Yu Hulei , Zhuang Lei , Chu Yanhui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe mechanical and thermal performance of high‐entropy ceramics are critical to their use in extreme conditions. However, the vast composition space of high‐entropy ceramics significantly hinders their development with desired mechanical and thermal properties. Herein, taking high‐entropy carbides (HECs) as the model, the efficiency and effectiveness of predicting mechanical and thermal properties via transferable machine‐learning‐potential‐based molecular dynamics (MD) have been demonstrated. Specifically, a transferable neuroevolution potential (NEP) with broad compositional applicability for HECs of ten transition metal elements from group IIIB‐VIB is efficiently constructed from the small dataset comprising unary and binary carbides with an equal amount of ergodic chemical compositions. Based on this well‐established transferable NEP, MD predictions on mechanical and thermal properties of different HECs have shown good agreement with the results of first‐principles calculations and experimental measurements, validating the accuracy, transferability, and reliability of using the transferable machine‐learning‐potential‐based MD simulations in investigating mechanical and thermal performance of HECs. This work provides a strategy to accelerate the search for high‐entropy ceramics with desirable mechanical and thermal properties.
Scalable Hybrid Films of Polyimide‐Animated Quantum Dots for High‐Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage Utilizing Quantum Confinement Effect
Authors: Zeng Tan , Meng Li , Cheng Long , Wang Rui , Ran Zhaoyu , Liu Dongduan , Fu Jing , He Jinliang , Zhou Qian , Li Qiao , Li Qi , Yuan Chao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe miniaturization trend of future electrical and electronic systems tender higher demands for high‐temperature resistant dielectric capacitors. The exponential increase in leakage current of dielectric polymers under high temperatures and strong electric fields is a pivotal bottleneck constraining the application of capacitors. Herein, a design is described where various animated quantum dots (A‐QDs), serving as crosslinkers, are introduced into the polyimide (PI) matrix to regulate the excitation and transport of carriers. Using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), it is demonstrated that the intrinsic quantum confinement effect of quantum dots (QDs) significantly enhances carrier immobilization. Moreover, the dynamic stability of the covalently bonded network at elevated temperatures has proven to be effective in reducing dielectric loss, while enhancing the electrical insulation properties of the hybrid films. Therefore, at 200 °C, the optimal hybrid film exhibits an exceptional discharged energy density of 5.8 J cm−3 with an efficiency exceeding 90%, surpassing the performance observed in the majority of other polymer nanocomposites. Collectively, these characteristics highlight the promising potential of incorporating A‐QDs as crosslinked points within the polymer matrix, thereby enhancing the applicability of dielectric polymers for high‐temperature applications.
5‐Fluorouracil Loaded Prebiotic–Probiotic Liposomes Modulating Gut Microbiota for Improving Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Sun Xujie , Shan Xiaoting , Zhu Binyu , Cai Ying , He Zongyan , Zhou Lingli , Yin Lixuan , Liu Yiran , Liu Kaiyue , Zhang Tian , Yang Ning , Li Yaping , Lang Tianqun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe gut microbiota exerts inhibitory effects on the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) through various mechanisms. Compared to traditional microbiota regulation methods, prebiotics and probiotics demonstrate significant advantages in terms of safety and patient adaptability. Their synergy not only improves the intestinal environment but also enhances the host's anti‐tumor immune response. 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is a first‐line chemotherapy drug that has a short half‐life and low bioavailability. However, if administered in an untargeted manner, 5‐FU also causes adverse reactions. Liposomes can improve the pharmacokinetic profile of drugs and provide targeted delivery to the tumor site, thereby reducing side effects. In this work, a 5‐FU‐loaded liposome is modified with the prebiotic xylan derivative Sxy and the probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila active phospholipid homolog 1,2‐dipalmitoylphosphatidy‐lethanolamine (DPPE) to construct FLSK. The latter effectively prolongs the intestinal transport and release of 5‐FU, maintaining high drug concentrations at the tumor site. FLSK is found to inhibit tumor growth and significantly extends the survival period of mice. In addition, FLSK promotes anti‐tumor immunity and regulation of the gut microbiota. Combining the merits of prebiotics and probiotics, FLSK provides a potential strategy for integrating chemotherapy with gut microbiota regulation therapy for the treatment of CRC.