bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Executive and Company Characteristics on Tax Aggressiveness
Authors: Dewi Kristina Surya , Yasa Gerianta Wirawan 
Published: July 2020

Tax aggressiveness is the act of manipulating profits carried out through tax planning that can be both legal and illegal. Based on the agency theory, the different interests of agents and principals may become a source of conflict. The aim of this study is to determine and obtain empirical evidence on the effect of executive characteristics, profitability, leverage, capital intensity, and company size on tax aggressiveness. This research was conducted on manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2018, because the Indonesian economy has started to recover since 2016 and continued until 2018, so it will have an impact on tax revenues. The sample was selected using purposive sampling technique and obtained 70 manufacturing companies. Data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that executive characteristics, profitability, and company size had a positive effect. While leverage and capital intensity had negative effect on tax aggressiveness.
Keywords: Tax aggressiveness, executive characteristics, profitability, leverage, capital intensity, company size.
The Odd-Even Effect in The Boards of Commissioners and Corporate Values
Authors: Islamudin Ardhi , Wurintara Gerrinko Giffari , Bernawati Yustrida 
Published: July 2020

This article enlarges the literacy about the characteristics on board of commissioners by adding a new perspective, namely the odd-even effect in board of commissioners’ structure. This type of research was quantitative research. When the board of commissioners is formed with an odd number, the decision making process will be easier and more efficient. It is because there is no possibility of a voting tie and result the one directional perspective. It is different, when the board of commissioners is formed with an even number. It will trigger a voting tie in the decision making process. Therefore, there is a possibility of different perspective in the board of commissioners. As a result, the odd or even proportions number in the board of commissioners affects the corporate value. The smaller number board of commissioner’s forms a stronger board of commissioners. Then, the company that have odd boards of commissioners has a higher corporate value than the company that has an even board of commissioners.
Keywords: corporate value, odd-even effects, board of commissioners.
Convulsions with propofol during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE)
Authors: Antonella Fiorita , Tiziana Di Cesare , Jacopo Galli , Luigi Corina , Grazia Rizzotto , Germano De Cosmo , Gaetano Paludetti 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is a useful method to evaluate multiobstructive sites simulating sleep with drugs; and propofol is the most widely used sedative for this purpose. Different adverse effects have been reported for propofol, including decrease in ventilatory drive and respiratory depression. Several clinical reports have also suggested a possible excitatory effect on the CNS. The supporting electroencephalographic (EEG) evidence is variable; in some cases, where the EEG has been monitored during the administration of propofol, epileptiform activity is not accompanied by motor manifestations, while in other cases, the EEG recordings after the events are reported as normal.

Case Presentation:
A 44-year-old male OSA patient, with negative neurological history, had three close episodes of generalized tonic–clonic seizures during DISE few minutes after sedation with increasing doses of propofol. Polygraphic intraoperative recording with EEG monitoring showed the evidence of epileptiform activity.

Conclusion:
The complete polygraphic intraoperative recording during DISE, inclusive of brain electrical function monitoring, allowed us to record the proconvulsive effect of propofol – a rare but possible adverse event.
PEMANFAATAN LAHAN BANTARAN SUNGAI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN MANFAAT RUANG BERSAMA DAN USAHA MANDIRI BAGI PENINGKATAN PENGHASILAN MASYARAKAT RIPARIAN SUNGAI CIDADAP, WILAYAH BANTARAN SUNGAI CITARUM
Authors: Krisantia Ina , Hakim Rustam , Suryanti Titien , Uniaty Quintarina , Segi Ratu , Dais Olivia 
Published: July 2020

Kegiatan PKM ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan perbaikan lingkungan pemukiman tepi sungai para warga melalui penataan dan pemanfaatan tepi sungai sebagai area bersama warga, menampung aspirasi warga masyarakat terhadap pengembangan pemanfaatan tepi sungai melaui FGD (Forum Group Discussion) dan pelatihan bagi pengembangan area bersama bagi aktifitas rekreasi dan wadah kesempatan usaha mandiri. Untuk mencapai tujuan dan sasaran kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan, pelatihan dan FGD (Forum Group Discussion). Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM ini diharapkan terdapat beberapa usulan dari peserta untuk memanfaatkan area tepi sungai dengan beberapa kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan ini disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan PKM ini membantu menambah wawasan dan informasi untuk perumahan Bumi Telukjambe, Desa Sukaluyu Kec. Telukjambe Timur, Karawang Barat berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan lahan bantaran sungai bermanfaat untuk Ruang bersama dan Usaha Mandiri bagi Peningkatan Penghasilan Masyarakat, sehingga di perlukan beberapa usulan dari peserta untuk memanfaatkan area tepi sungai dengan beberapa kegiata sebagai dasar penataan dan pemanfaatan tepi sungai sebagai area bersama warga
Influence of Knowledge Management Practices on Public Service Delivery by Municipalities
Authors: Musonza Charleen , Muchaonyerwa Ndakasharwa 
Published: July 2020

This study examines the influence of knowledge management (KM) practices on public service delivery by municipalities in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The study sought to determine the factors that have triggered the implementation of KM practices; the effectiveness of KM practices towards public service delivery; and the extent to which KM practices have influenced public service delivery by municipalities in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed in this study. Quantitative data were collected through a survey questionnaire administered to a sample of 202 employees at the Raymond Mhlaba Municipality in the Eastern Cape. Qualitative data were collected through observations and interviews of 2 senior managers. The data collected gave a response rate of 72 per cent. The quantitative and qualitative data were analysed descriptively and presented verbatim respectively. The results indicated that the internal and external factors included in this study have contributed to the implementation of KM practices in the municipality. Furthermore, the effective use of KM practices has increased the organisational KM initiative, as well as the provision of services such as electricity, education, transport, and social services by the municipality. The study recommends the establishment of KM awareness and the establishment of an integrated system that will assist in effective knowledge sharing, retention and acquisition across municipalities in the Eastern Cape.
Arteriovenous malformation presenting as traumatic subdural hematoma: A case report
Authors: Parr Matthew , Patel Nitesh , Kauffmann John , Al-Mufti Fawaz , Roychowdhury Sudipta , Narayan Vinayak , Nosko Michael , Nanda Anil , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: July 2020

Background:Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital aberrant connections between afferent arteries and draining veins with no intervening capillary bed or neural parenchyma. Other than seizures, the most common initial presentation of AVM is hemorrhage, which is typically intraparenchymal, subarachnoid, or intraventricular, and very rarely subdural.Case Description:This patient is a 66-year-old male with a history of atrial fibrillation, chronically anticoagulated with apixaban, who presented through emergency services after a fall. On presentation, computed tomography (CT) of the head showed a small, 6 mm right subdural hematoma, and the patient was neurologically intact. The hematoma was evacuated by burr hole craniotomy and placement of a subdural drain 12 days after the initial presentation due to worsening headaches and further hematoma expansion. Two weeks postevacuation, the patient was readmitted for seizures, and at this time, CT angiography showed no intracranial vascular lesion. Approximately 1 month later, the patient was readmitted for decreased responsiveness, and CT head at this time found right frontal intraparenchymal hemorrhage. On subsequent catheter angiography, the right frontal AVM was discovered. It was treated with preoperative embolization followed by surgical resection. Postoperatively, the patient followed commands and tracked with his eyes. There was spontaneous antigravity movement of the right upper extremity, but still no movement of the left upper or bilateral lower extremities.Conclusion:This case emphasizes the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for underlying vascular lesions when evaluating intracranial bleeding, even in the setting of traumatic history, particularly in cases of hematoma expansion.
The anterior incisural width as a preoperative indicator for intradural space evaluation: An anatomical investigation
Authors: Zhao Xiaochun , Labib Mohamed , Ramanathan Dinesh , Eastin Timothy Marc , Song Minwoo , Little Andrew S. , Preul Mark C. , Lawton Michael T. , Lopez-Gonzalez Miguel Angel 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The opticocarotid triangle (OCT) and the carotico-oculomotor triangle (COT) are two anatomical triangles used in accessing the interpeduncular region. Our objective is to evaluate if the anterior incisural width (AIW) is an indicator to predict the intraoperative exposure through both triangles.

Methods:
Twenty sides of 10 cadaveric heads were dissected and analyzed. The heads were divided into the following: Group A – narrow anterior incisura and Group B – wide anterior incisura – using 26.6 mm as a cutoff distance of the AIW. Subsequently, the area of the COT and the OCT in the transsylvian approach was measured, along with the maximum widths through the two trajectories in modified superior transcavernous approach.

Results:
The COT in the wide group was shown to have a significantly larger area compared with the COT in the narrow group (38.4 ± 12.64 vs. 58.3 ± 15.72 mm, P < 0.01). No difference between the two groups was reported in terms of the area of the OCT (50.9 ± 19.22 mm vs. 63.5 ± 15.53 mm, P = 0.20), the maximum width of the OCT (6.6 ± 1.89 vs. 6.5 ± 1.38 mm, P = 1.00), or the maximum width of the COT (11.7 ± 2.06 vs. 12.2 ± 2.32 mm, P = 0.50). Clinical cases were included.

Conclusion:
An AIW <26.6 mm is an unfavorable factor related to a limited COT area in a transsylvian approach for pathologies at the interpeduncular fossa. Preoperative identification and measurement of a narrow AIW can suggest the need to add a transcavernous approach.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the sphenoid sinus: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wajima Daisuke , Nishimura Fumihiko , Masui Katsuya 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) in paranasal sinus are uncommon, accounting for 0.17–2% of all NHL cases; it is especially rare in the sphenoid sinus. In this report, we describe a case of NHL in the sphenoid sinus.

Case Description:
A 66-year-old man presented with a sudden left eye movement disorder. His head computed tomography and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-MRI) showed a mass lesion extending around the left sphenoid sinus. However, the tumor regrowth about twice was observed during 2 weeks, partial removal of tumor was performed by the endoscopic trans-nasal transsphenoidal surgery, then histologically proved it to be diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). After R-THP-COP regimen (rituximab 375 mg/m2,
cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, epirubicin 50 mg/m2, vincristine 2 mg/day, and prednisolone 100 mg/day) and two courses of intrathecal methotrexate therapy for DLBCL, the symptoms and the lesion of enhanced Gd-MRI and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography were completely disappeared.

Conclusion:
NHLs in the sphenoid sinus is very rare disease, however, it is important to be diagnosed pathologically as soon as possible for being in remission state by the chemotherapy.
Resolution of cauda equina syndrome after surgical extraction of lumbar intrathecal bullet
Authors: Aljuboori Zaid , Sieg Emily 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Gunshot wound (GSW) injuries to the spinal column are correlated with potentially severe neurological damage. Here, we describe a GSW to the thoracolumbar junction (e.g., T12/L1 level) which resulted in a cauda equina syndrome that resolved once the bullet was removed.

Case Description:
A 29-year-old male presented with a T12-L1 GSW; the bullet traversed the right chest and liver, entered the spinal canal at T12, and then settled at L1. He experienced excruciating burning pain in the right lower extremity/perineum and had urinary retention. On neurological examination, he exhibited severe weakness of the right iliopsoas/quadriceps (2/5) and extensor hallucis longus (1/5) which had decreased sensation in the right lower extremity in all dermatomes and urinary retention. The myelogram showed the bullet lodged intrathecally at L1; it compressed the cauda equina. Immediately after, the bullet was extracted and at 8 weeks follow-up, the patient’s right-sided motor function normalized, the sensory findings improved, and the sphincteric dysfunction resolved; the only residual deficit was minimal residual numbness in the L2-L5 distributions.

Conclusion:
Twenty percent of penetrating spinal column injuries are attributed to GSW s. The location of these injuries best determines the neurological damage and degree of recovery. Since patients with incomplete cauda equina syndromes have favorable prognoses, removal of bullets involving the T12-S1 levels may prove beneficial.
Therapeutic options for primary meningeal angiosarcoma: A case report
Authors: Melguizo-Gavilanes Isaac , Snipes George , Rodríguez-Márquez Iader , Duarte-Jurado Laura , Jaramillo-Jiménez Esteban 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Primary angiosarcoma (AS) of the central nervous system (PACNS) is an extremely rare malignancy. The meninges represent an uncommon site of origin of PACNS. This report describes a recurrent meningeal PACNS treated with surgery, radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, and paclitaxel at different stages of the disease.

Case Description:
A 36-year-old Asian male presented to our facility with a 4-month history of worsening headaches and complete right homonymous hemianopia. Neuroimaging revealed a left occipital lobe hematome with an underlying left tentorial tumor. After subtotal resection, neuropathological examination revealed features of a malignant endothelial cell AS. He received a course of adjuvant radiation therapy but experienced disease progression. He subsequently received additional stereotactic radiosurgery followed by weekly paclitaxel. Magnetic resonance imaging during the course of treatment revealed stable disease until patient died following another progression of his tumor.

Conclusion:
This case of a meningeal PACNS highlights the importance of considering this entity in the face of a malignant lesion presenting with intracranial hemorrhagic activity. Our observations suggest that the use of paclitaxel provided a modest clinical response in PACNS, highlighting the need to consider a combined approach structured mainly on surgery and radiotherapy. Stereotactic radiosurgery appears to be a promising treatment option.
Brainstem abscess treated conservatively
Authors: Leao Camila Furtado , Couto Maira Piani , Lima Jose Antonio Santos de , Paschoal Eric Homero Albuquerque , Brito Jose Reginaldo Nascimento 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Brainstem abscess is a rare condition with a variety of treatment approaches. In this paper, we report an unusual case of a brainstem abscess with a positive outcome in an immunocompetent patient who was treated with antibiotic therapy.

Case Description:
A 22-year-old female presented with bilateral tetraparesis that was worse on the left hemibody, appendicular tremor, and left upper eyelid ptosis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed an abscess in the pons and midbrain due to possible nocardiosis. She was treated with dexamethasone, phenytoin, vancomycin, and meropenem for 8 weeks and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 6 weeks. The brain injury decreased, and the patient’s neurological status significantly improved.

Conclusion:
Brainstem abscess may be treated conservatively, leading to improvement of the clinical condition and decreased lesion size on imaging.
DIETARY INTAKE AND PREVALENCE OF ADOLESCENT HYPERTENSIVE IN PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA
Authors: G. O. Wordu , Chikodi H. I. Wachukwu 
Published: July 2020

Hypertension is the commonest non communicable disease affecting both adolescents and adults. Its origin is in childhood, but information on its prevalence and associated risk factors in adolescents are scarce. This study assessed the prevalence of High blood pressure and associated risk factors on an adolescents in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study of 150 respondents selected using a multistage sampling technique from secondary schools in Port Harcourt. Height, weight and blood pressure (BP) of the respondents were measured, while body mass index (BMI) were calculated using standard methods. Hypertension, overweight and obesity were recorded high among participants. About 22%, 28.8% and 34.7% were in the categories of prehypertension, stage by hypertension and stage 2 hypertension respectively. A total of 36.16% were overweight and 9.3% obsessed. This study demonstrated high prevalence of hypertension overweight and obesity among the adolescents in Port Harcourt other intervention to promote healthy eating habits and life styles, especially among high risk groups are suggested. Similar studies should be conducted in a rural setting.
CHARACTERIZATION OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION IN GEZIRASTATE (SUDAN) USING ULTRASOUND
Authors: Yonis Abdal Gadir , Abdallash Al Safi Ahmed , Ahmed Mona , Mohammed Osman Ashraf Mustafa 
Published: July 2020

Peri-sinusoidal portal hypertension with frequent episodes of upper gastro intestinal variceal bleeding are hallmarks of hepatic-splenic schistosomiasis (Mansoni or Japonicum). This a prospective study compromise of 306 consecutive patients at North Gezira State between 2016 to 2019, aimed to characterize the portal hypertension &to minimize potentiallysevere and deadly complications. Using B-mode grayscale ultrasound, The images done by portable Sono- Scape- A6 machine using convex probe with frequency range from 3.5 to 5 MHz and the data analyzed by SPSS version 15.The result showed that the majority of patients were male and portal hypertension had high incidence associated with peri portal fibrosis(schistosomiasis), the result also showed that : out of 360 patients under study, there were 209(58.1%) had portal hypertension, 106(29.4%) had PPF, and 45(12.5%) were normal patients. The study concluded that the portable ultrasound machine is the most frequently used imaging modality to assess patients for the presence of portal hypertension especially in the endemic area.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH METODE LATIHAN DAN MOTIVASI BERLATIH TERHADAP TEKNIK DASAR SEPAKBOLA SEKOLAH SEPAKBOLA BEJI TIMUR U-13
Authors: Okilanda Ardo , Dlis Firmansyah , Humaid Hidayat , Putra Dede Dwiansyah 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh metode blocked practice, random practice dengan motivasi berlatih tinggi dan rendah terhadap kemampuan teknik dasar sepakbola. Penelitian ini menggunakan treatment by level 2 x 2. Sampel dengan 40 siswa Sekolah sepakbola Beji Timur U-13. Teknik analisis data adalah analisis varians dua jalur (ANAVA) dan selanjutnya dilanjutkan dengan uji Tuckey pada tingkat signifikansi α = 0,05. Hasil penelitian menjawab (1). Ada perbedaan pengaruh siginifikkan metode blocked practice (A1) motivasi latihan tinggi dengan random practice (A2) motivasi latihan tinggi terhadap kemampuan teknik dasar sepakbola blocked practice (X=51,801 ; SD=7,135) lebih tinggi dari metode random practice (X=48,198 ; SD=5,514). (2). Ada perbedaan pengaruh signifikkan metode blocked practice (A1) motivasi latihan rendah dengan random practice (A2) motivasi latihan rendah terhadap kemampuan teknik dasar sepakbola metode blocked practice motivasi berlatih rendah Qo = -2,369 dan Qt = 3,89 lebih rendah dari nilai teknik dasar dalam sepakbola metode random practice motivasi berlatih rendah. Aspek motivasi interinsik dan ekstrinsik perlu yang lebih luas.
PENERAPAN MODEL DIRECT INTRUCTION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI
Authors: Candrawati Ed. 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kegiatan pembelajaran dan kegiatan belajar dengan model pembelajaran langsung (Direct Instruction) serta hasil belajar dengan penerapan model pembelajaran langsung (Direct Instruction) di kelas X MIPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) atau classroom Action Research dengan metode deskriptif yang menggunakan dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat tahap sebagai berikut: tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap observasi dan tahap refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah peneliti sebagai guru Biologi dan seluruh siswa kelas X MIPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana yang berjumlah 36 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan tes. Sedangkan instrumen penelitian terdiri dari lembar observasi dan lembar tes. Lembar observasi digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan kegiatan pembelajaran dan belajar pada model pembelajaran langsung dan lembar tes digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar biologi siswa yang merupakan soal berupa pilihan ganda. Hasil analisis data observasi kegiatan pembelajaran oleh guru siklus 1 diperoleh rata-rata skor kegiatan belajar yaitu 16 pada siklus 1 dengan kategori cukup dan meningkat menjadi 21 pada siklus 2 dengan kategori baik. Pada siklus 1 nilai rata-rata kelas yaitu 68,64 dengan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal 56% (tidak tuntas) pada siklus 2 meningkat nilai rata-rata kelas menjadi 85,91 dengan persentase ketuntasan belajar klasikal 81% (tuntas). Disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran langsung dapat meningkatkan kegiatan pembelajaran oleh guru dan kegiatan belajar oleh siswa serta hasil belajar biologi siswa dikelas X MIPA 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR EKONOMI SISWA
Authors: Suryati Titi 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPS 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 melalui pembelajaran model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Analisis data pada penelitian ini berpedoman pada analisis Statistik Deskriptif dengan Persentase. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tes tertulis, angket, dan observasi. Motivasi peserta didik dilihat dengan menggunakan observasi dan angket. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya peningkatan motivasi belajar peserta didik dari siklus I ke siklus II pada kuesioner motivasi belajar siswa sebesar 13,39% pada kategori tinggi dan sangant tinggi. Sedangkan peningkatan prestasi belajar ditandai dengan bertambahnya peserta didik yang nilainya mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal secara keseluruhan. Pada siklus I sebesar 67,86% atau sebanyak 19 siswa mencapai kriteria ketuntasan minimal. Pada siklus II terjadi peningkatan peserta didik yang mencapai nilai ketuntasan minimal sebesar 85,71 % atau sebanyak 24 siswa. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Dan Prestasi Belajar Ekonomi Siswa Kelas XI IPS 4 SMA Negeri 1 Jalaksana Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 meningkat.