bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABCDE: Directing Student Observation During High-Fidelity Simulation
Authors: Seale Josephine , Khan Abubakar , Hirons Barnaby , Butchers Colin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo encourage an active learning environment during the observation stage of high-fidelity simulation, an observation tool was created to help students recognise and record the technical and non-technical skills identified whilst watching their peers. Future work will involve quantifying any educational benefits of the tool across the medical student cohort.
Exploring Water Consumption in Dhaka City Using Instrumental Variables Regression Approaches
Authors: Siddiquee Muhammad Shahadat Hossain , Ahamed Raihan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper explores water consumption in Dhaka city for better understanding of its usage, and considers the implications of findings from distributive rationale. Using 459 household survey data collected by BRAC Institute of Governance and Development (BIGD), this study estimates income elasticities of water consumption after controlling the effects of other covariates including wealth-proxies, location, household size, water bill and spatial zones using the instrumental variable regression (IVREG) and instrumental variable quantile regression (IVQREG) approaches. The latter has an additive advantage over the former as the IVQREG provides a more accurate picture of the relationship of water consumption with the income throughout the entire water consumption distribution. Using the fixed pay variable as instrument, findings reveal the strong evidence that income is endogenous. The IVQREG results show that income elasticities are heterogeneous and vary significantly across the water quantiles, implying inequality in water consumption. It also provides strong systematic evidence as income elasticity of water consumption decreases with the increase in percentile. Significant spatial inequality in water consumption from IVREG approach disappears as we use IVQREG. This also strongly supports the systematic evidence obtained. Therefore, it is imperative to introduce different tariff structures among different water consumer groups for bringing equity in water consumption and revenue generation. However, Dhaka Water Supply & Sewerage Authority (DWASA) must ensure smart water meter before implementing such tariff structure as we face severe challenges while measuring residential water consumption.
Location-aware systems or location-based services: a survey with applications to CoViD-19 contact tracking
Authors: Schmidtke H. R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWith the CoViD-19 pandemic, location awareness technologies have seen renewed interests due to the numerous contact tracking mobile application variants developed, deployed, and discussed. For some, location-aware applications are primarily a producer of geospatial Big Data required for vital geospatial analysis and visualization of the spread of the disease in a state of emergency. For others, comprehensive tracking of citizens constitutes a dangerous violation of fundamental rights. Commercial web-based location-aware applications both collect data and—through spatial analysis and connection to services—provide value to users. This value is what motivates users to share increasingly private and comprehensive data. The willingness of users to share data in return for services has been a key concern with web-based variants of the technology since the beginning. With a focus on two privacy preserving CoViD-19 contact tracking applications, this survey walks through the key steps of developing a privacy preserving context-aware application: from types of applications and business models, through architectures and privacy strategies, to representations.
Semantic frame induction through the detection of communities of verbs and their arguments
Authors: Ribeiro Eugénio , Teixeira Andreia Sofia , Ribeiro Ricardo , Martins de Matos David 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResources such as FrameNet, which provide sets of semantic frame definitions and annotated textual data that maps into the evoked frames, are important for several NLP tasks. However, they are expensive to build and, consequently, are unavailable for many languages and domains. Thus, approaches able to induce semantic frames in an unsupervised manner are highly valuable. In this paper we approach that task from a network perspective as a community detection problem that targets the identification of groups of verb instances that evoke the same semantic frame and verb arguments that play the same semantic role. To do so, we apply a graph-clustering algorithm to a graph with contextualized representations of verb instances or arguments as nodes connected by edges if the distance between them is below a threshold that defines the granularity of the induced frames. By applying this approach to the benchmark dataset defined in the context of SemEval 2019, we outperformed all of the previous approaches to the task, achieving the current state-of-the-art performance.
On Making of Micoquian Bifacial Backed Tools at Pietraszyn 49a, SW Poland
Authors: Wiśniewski Andrzej , Chłoń Marcin , Weiss Marcel , Pyżewicz Katarzyna , Migal Witold 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper attempts to show that manufacture of Micoquian bifacial backed tools was structured. Data for this study were collected using a comprehensive analysis of artefacts from the site Pietraszyn 49a, Poland, which is dated to the beginning of Marine Isotope Stage 3. Based on the whole data set, it was possible to distinguish four stages of the manufacturing process. During manufacturing, both mineral hammer and organic hammer were used. The tools were usually shaped due to distinct hierarchization of faces. The study has also shown that the shape of bifacial tools from Pietraszyn 49a is very similar to the other Micoquian examples from central Europe. The ways of shaping of some tools are finding their counterparts also in the Early Upper Palaeolithic inventories, but the similarities are rather limited to the narrow range of preparation of bifacial form.
A New Beginning: Young Women’s Experiences and Sexual Function 18 Months After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Nilsson-Condori Emma , Järvholm Stina , Thurin-Kjellberg Ann , Hedenbro Jan , Friberg Britt 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Female patients expect improved quality of life, including sexual health and regain of fertility after bariatric surgery. Little has been published on to the extent to which patients’ expectations are met by the weight loss after surgery.

Aim
To explore how women perceive the effects of bariatric surgery on quality of life, focusing on sexual health and fertility.

Methods
A qualitative study based on thematic analysis, supported by questionnaire data. Interviews following a semistructured guide were conducted with childless women (n = 11) aged 25–34 years recruited from a university-affiliated Swedish bariatric center. The interviews took place 18 months after surgery in the participants’ homes or at the hospital and were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed with a thematic approach. Questionnaires were filled in at the time of the interviews and compared with preoperative data using a Wilcoxon test for paired data.

Main outcome measures
Participants described experiences related to female sexual health after bariatric surgery. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaires were administered preoperatively and postoperatively.

Results
“A new beginning” was identified as the master theme, with 3 underlying subthemes: “Being worthy of love,” “Exploring sexuality,” and “Considering parenthood.” The participants described a transformation into being more comfortable with themselves that affected all areas of life, including sexual life. These findings were supported by lower scores for depression, 6.5 vs 2, and improved total Female Sexual Function Index scores, median 23.3 preoperatively and 29.1 postoperatively, P = .012.

Conclusions
Improved body image and enhanced self-esteem play important roles in improved sexual functioning in women after bariatric surgery.
Nilsson-Condori E, Järvholm S, Thurin-Kjellberg A, et al. A New Beginning: Young Women’s Experiences and Sexual Function 18 Months After Bariatric Surgery. Sex Med 2020;8:730–739.
Almost sure central limit theorems in stochastic geometry
Authors: Torrisi Giovanni Luca , Leonardi Emilio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe prove an almost sure central limit theorem on the Poisson space, which is perfectly tailored for stabilizing functionals arising in stochastic geometry. As a consequence, we provide almost sure central limit theorems for (i) the total edge length of thek-nearest neighbors random graph, (ii) the clique count in random geometric graphs, and (iii) the volume of the set approximation via the Poisson–Voronoi tessellation.
Mean square rate of convergence for random walk approximation of forward-backward SDEs
Authors: Geiss Christel , Labart Céline , Luoto Antti 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLet (Y,Z) denote the solution to a forward-backward stochastic differential equation (FBSDE). If one constructs a random walk$B^n$from the underlying Brownian motionBby Skorokhod embedding, one can show$L_2$-convergence of the corresponding solutions$(Y^n,Z^n)$to$(Y, Z).$We estimate the rate of convergence based on smoothness properties, especially for a terminal condition function in$C^{2,\alpha}$. The proof relies on an approximative representation of$Z^n$and uses the concept of discretized Malliavin calculus. Moreover, we use growth and smoothness properties of the partial differential equation associated to the FBSDE, as well as of the finite difference equations associated to the approximating stochastic equations. We derive these properties by probabilistic methods.
Improved queue-size scaling for input-queued switches via graph factorization
Authors: Xu Jiaming , Zhong Yuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the scaling of the expected total queue size in an $n\times n$ input-queued switch, as a function of both the load $\rho$ and the system scale n. We provide a new class of scheduling policies under which the expected total queue size scales as $O\big( n(1-\rho)^{-4/3} \log \big(\!\max\big\{\frac{1}{1-\rho}, n\big\}\big)\big)$, over all n and $\rho<1$, when the arrival rates are uniform. This improves on the best previously known scalings in two regimes: $O\big(n^{1.5}(1-\rho)^{-1} \log \frac{1}{1-\rho}\big)$ when $\Omega\big(n^{-1.5}\big) \le 1-\rho \le O\big(n^{-1}\big)$ and $O\big(\frac{n\log n}{(1-\rho)^2}\big)$ when $1-\rho \geq \Omega(n^{-1})$. A key ingredient in our method is a tight characterization of the largest k-factor of a random bipartite multigraph, which may be of independent interest.
Identifying mood disorders and health-related quality of life of individuals submitted to mandatory military service
Authors: de Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa , Morais Naiane Silva , Menezes Vanessa Assis , Andrade Marília Santos , Vancini Rodrigo Luiz , Braz Allison Gustavo , Malysz Taís 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective:To assess the prevalence of mood disorders in Brazilian soldiers.Methods:A total of 353 soldiers answered the following questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the medical outcomes study SF-36 questionnaire, the Baecke questionnaire to assess the level of habitual physical activity (HPA) and the socioeconomic (SE) status questionnaire. Participants were classified according to their desire to pursue a military career.Results:Accordingly, 246 participants were allocated to a volunteer group (VG) and 107 to a non-volunteer group (NVG). According to the BDI data for both groups, 66.5% of the soldiers showed at least mild depressive symptoms. Additionally, the STAI data revealed that 27.8% and 8.4% of the soldiers showed high scores on state anxiety and trait anxiety, respectively. The POMS scores were higher in the NVG compared to the VG (Δ%=+263%, p<0.0001). Of the eight subscales, the SF-36 questionnaire showed statistical differences between the groups in the following five dimensions: functioning capacity (p = 0.0046), pain (p = 0.0011), vitality (p < 0.0001), role limitations due to emotional problems (p < 0.0001) and mental health (p < 0.0001).Conclusions:Mood disorder levels were higher and health status and related quality of life levels were lower in the NVG as compared to the VG.
Augmentation of clozapine with ECT: a retrospective case analysis
Authors: Lally John , Breese Emily , Osman Mugtaba , Hua Sim Cai , Shetty Hitesh , Krivoy Amir , MacCabe James H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective:We sought to assess the effectiveness of clozapine augmentation with Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) (C+ECT) in patients with clozapine-resistant schizophrenia.Methods:We conducted a retrospective review of electronic health records to identify patients treated with C+ECT. We determined the response to C+ECT and the rate of rehospitalisation over the year following treatment with C+ECT.Results:Forty-two patients were treated with C+ECT over a 10-year period. The mean age of the patients at initiation of ECT was 46.3 (SD = 8.2) years (range 27–62 years). The mean number of ECTs given was 10.6 (SD = 5.3) (range 3–25) with the majority receiving twice weekly ECT. Seventy-six per cent of patients (n = 32) showed a Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-I) score of ≤3 (at least minimally improved) following C+ECT. The mean number of ECT treatments was 10.6 (SD = 5.3) (range 3–25) with the majority receiving twice weekly ECT. Sixty-four per cent of patients experienced no adverse events. Response to C+ECT was not associated with gender, age, duration of illness or duration of clozapine treatment. Seventy-five per cent of responders remained out of hospital over the course of 1-year follow-up, while 70% of those with no response to C+ECT were not admitted to hospital. Three patients received maintenance ECT, one of whom was rehospitalised.Conclusion:This study lends support to emerging evidence for the effectiveness of C+ECT in clozapine-resistant schizophrenia. These results are consistent with the results of a meta-analysis and the only randomised controlled trial (RCT) of this intervention. Further RCTs are required before this treatment can be confidently recommended.
Food consumption on campus is associated with meal eating patterns among college students
Authors: Fonseca L. B. , Pereira L. P. , Rodrigues P. R. M. , Andrade A. C. de S. , Muraro A. P. , Gorgulho B. M. , Pereira R. A. , Ferreira M. G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis is a cross-sectional analysis of data obtained in the baseline of the Longitudinal Study on the Lifestyle and Health of University Students (n 685) carried out in a public Brazilian university. Food intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. Dietary patterns (DP) for breakfast, lunch and dinner were identified using principal component analysis. Generalised linear models were used to analyse the variables associated with each DP. Three DP were extracted for each meal: breakfast: ‘White bread and butter/margarine’, ‘Coffee and tea’ and ‘Sausages, whole wheat bread and cheese’; lunch: ‘Traditional’, ‘Western’ and ‘Vegetarian’ and dinner: ‘Beans, rice and processed juice’, ‘White bread and butter/margarine’ and ‘White meat, eggs and natural juice’. Students who had meals at the campus showed greater adherence to the ‘White bread and butter/margarine’ (exp (βadj) = 1·15, 95 % CI 1·11, 1·19) and ‘Coffee and tea’ (exp (βadj) = 1·06, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·10) breakfast patterns; ‘Western’ lunch pattern (exp (βadj) = 1·04, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·08) and to the ‘Beans, rice and processed juice’ dinner pattern (exp (βadj) = 1·10, 95 % CI 1·06, 1·14). Having meals at the campus was associated with lower adherence to the ‘Sausages, whole wheat bread and cheese’ breakfast pattern (exp (βadj) = 0·93, 95 % CI 0·89, 0·97), ‘Traditional’ lunch pattern (exp (βadj) = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·99) and to the ‘White bread and butter/margarine’ (exp (βadj) = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·99) and ‘White meat, eggs and natural juice’ (exp (βadj) = 0·96, 95 % CI 0·93, 0·99) dinner pattern. The food environment at campus may influence students’ DP. Recognising meal eating patterns is important to support healthy eating promotion strategies on campus. Adjustments in the University Canteen menu could contribute to healthier eating choices among students.
Life history, dormancy regulation, reproductive physiology and basic behaviour of the subtropical fruit flyRhagoletotrypeta pastranai(Diptera:Tephritidae)
Authors: Moyano A. , Abraham S. , Ovruski S. , Van Nieuwenhove G. , Rull J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWith the purpose of broadening knowledge on the evolution of life history strategies and behaviour of fruit flies within the tribe Carpomyini, the natural history and mating behaviour of the poorly known speciesRhagoletotrypeta pastranaiAczél, are described for the first time. Larvae ofR. pastranaiwere recovered from infestedCeltis talaGillies ex Planch andCeltis iguanaea(Jacq.) Sarg. during a 2-month fruiting period. Adults emerged from the recovered pupae after an average of 144.9 ± 3.9 days for females and 143.2 ± 3.38 days for males, suggesting that most individuals became dormant. Results of a variable winter length study suggested that environmental factors other than winter length may regulate dormancy/diapause duration in this subtropical species. Under laboratory conditions,R. pastranaiadults lived an average of 51.13 ± 3.06 days in case of females and 48.08 ± 3.76 days in case of males, and required 5–15 days to reach sexual maturity. Behavioural observations under confinement revealed scarce sexual activity but sufficed to determine that, as in other members of the tribe Carpomyini,R. pastranaiexhibits a male resource defence mating system. We discuss our findings emphasizing the importance of documenting the natural history and behaviour of unknown species of family Tephritidae and additionally, we highlight the necessity of future research to understand factors regulating dormancy/diapause and the evolution of life history strategies and sexual behaviour of subtropical species.
The barriers and enablers to service access for older women living alone in Australia
Authors: Dickins Marissa , Johnstone Georgina , Renehan Emma , Lowthian Judy , Ogrin Rajna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOlder women living alone are at risk of being socially and financially disadvantaged, which impacts their wellbeing. Currently there is a significant gap in knowledge relating to older women living alone. This study aimed to identify the barriers and enablers to service access in this group. We undertook a qualitative study comprising semi-structured interviews in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia. Thematic analysis was conducted to elucidate key themes. Thirty-seven women were interviewed between May and August 2017. Six key themes were identified: financial; mental and emotional health; mobility and ability; transport; social connections; and knowledge. Access issues for older women living alone are multifaceted and interconnected. Barriers and enablers to service access, as well as their intersections with gender and living situation, should be considered in service design and re-design.
Selectivity in bilingual nonspeech label learning
Authors: GRAF ESTES Katharine , ANTOVICH Dylan M. , VERDE Erica L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis research investigates selectivity in word learning for bilingual infants. Previous work demonstrated that bilingual infants show greater openness to non-native language sounds in object labels than monolinguals (Hay et al., 2015; Singh, 2018). It remains unclear whether bilingual openness extends to nonspeech sounds. We presented 14- and 19-month-old bilinguals with object labels consisting of nonspeech tones. Monolinguals recently displayed learning of the same labels at 14 months, but not 19 months (Graf Estes et al., 2018). In contrast, bilinguals failed to learn the labels. We propose that hearing phonological variation across two languages helps bilinguals reject nonspeech word forms.
Lecture, répétition, parole spontanée : l’impact de la tâche sur le comportement du schwa en FLE
Authors: Kamerhuber Julia , Horvath Julia , Pustka Elissa 
Published: September 2020

RESUMEL’objectif de cet article est de déterminer l’impact de la tâche sur la prononciation du FLE, en l’occurrence sur le comportement du schwa. Dans cette perspective sont étudiées les productions de 145 apprenants autrichiens du FLE de niveau débutant à B1 dans la lecture d’une liste de mots et de deux textes, dans une tâche de répétition de mots ainsi que dans un entretien guidé (corpus de 87 heures et 45 minutes). L’étude se concentre sur la production du schwa dans huit mots et constructions :s(e)maine,ch(e)mise,premier,m(on)sieur,tout l(e) temps,tout l(e) monde,appartementetgouvernement. Nos résultats montrent que les 35 heures de parole spontanée ne contiennent que peu ou même pas d’occurrences de ces mots pour la moitié des cas analysés. Bien qu’il s’agisse d’une méthode valable pour l’analyse du système linguistique, il s’avère dans la recherche de la prononciation des apprenants indispensable de la compléter par des tâches d’élicitation. L’élicitation par des formes graphiques présente pourtant l’inconvénient d’influencer la prononciation par la présence visuelle des lettres (sans différence notable entre la liste de mots et les textes). Cette influence ne se limite pas au processus de décodage en temps réel.
Elevated Intraindividual Variability in Executive Functions and Associations with White Matter Microstructure in Veterans with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Sorg Scott F. , Merritt Victoria C. , Clark Alexandra L. , Werhane Madeleine L. , Holiday Kelsey A. , Schiehser Dawn M. , Bondi Mark , Delano-Wood Lisa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective:We examined whether intraindividual variability (IIV) across tests of executive functions (EF-IIV) is elevated in Veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) relative to military controls (MCs) without a history of mTBI. We also explored relationships among EF-IIV, white matter microstructure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms.Method:A total of 77 Veterans (mTBI = 43, MCs = 34) completed neuropsychological testing, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and PTSD symptom ratings. EF-IIV was calculated as the standard deviation across six tests of EF, along with an EF-Mean composite. DSI Studio connectometry analysis identified white matter tracts significantly associated with EF-IIV according to generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA).Results:After adjusting for EF-Mean and PTSD symptoms, the mTBI group showed significantly higher EF-IIV than MCs. Groups did not differ on EF-Mean after adjusting for PTSD symptoms. Across groups, PTSD symptoms significantly negatively correlated with EF-Mean, but not with EF-IIV. EF-IIV significantly negatively correlated with GFA in multiple white matter pathways connecting frontal and more posterior regions.Conclusions:Veterans with mTBI demonstrated significantly greater IIV across EF tests compared to MCs, even after adjusting for mean group differences on those measures as well as PTSD severity. Findings suggest that, in contrast to analyses that explore effects of mean performance across tests, discrepancy analyses may capture unique variance in neuropsychological performance and more sensitively capture cognitive disruption in Veterans with mTBI histories. Importantly, findings show that EF-IIV is negatively associated with the microstructure of white matter pathways interconnecting cortical regions that mediate executive function and attentional processes.