bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Antegrade Radiofrequency Ablation and Metal Stenting With Hepaticoenterostomy for Malignant Biliary Obstruction: A Prospective Preliminary Study
Authors: Inoue Tadahisa , Ibusuki Mayu , Kitano Rena , Kobayashi Yuji , Ohashi Tomohiko , Sumida Yoshio , Nakade Yukiomi , Ito Kiyoaki , Yoneda Masashi 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for malignant biliary obstruction is a promising option for improving biliary stent patency, but its efficacy and safety with endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biliary drainage are uncertain. We examined the feasibility of EUS-guided hepaticoenterostomy with antegrade stenting (EUS-HEAS) and RFA in patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstruction.

METHODS:
This was a prospective, single-center, single-arm, preliminary study. Twenty patients who met the eligibility criteria for inclusion between August 2018 and January 2020 were enrolled. We evaluated the technical success, functional success, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), and adverse events other than RBO associated with EUS-HEAS with RFA.

RESULTS:
The technical and functional success rates were both 80% (16/20). The procedure was unsuccessful in a total of 4 patients due to failure to insert the RFA catheter through the fistula (2 patients) or failure to pass the RFA catheter through the stricture (2 patients). Early and late adverse events other than RBO occurred in 10% (2/20) and 13% (2/16) of subjects, respectively. The RBO rate was 25% (4/16), and the median time to RBO was 276 days. The success rate of endoscopic reintervention using hepaticoenterostomy was 100% (4/4).

DISCUSSION:
This preliminary study showed that EUS-HEAS with RFA achieves good results but RFA catheter insertion can be difficult. Further evaluation and device improvements are warranted.
Constitutional Disqualification: A Critique of English and English-Derived Law
Authors: Jaconelli Joseph 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Many modern constitutional systems, despite the prevalence of adult suffrage, forbid certain classes of person from participation in the most important aspects of the democratic process, whether by withholding the vote from them or by denying them the right to hold office. While the former has received a considerable amount of attention in the literature, the latter has been comparatively neglected. The aim of the article is to redress this imbalance. It starts by offering, quite generally, a taxonomy of such bans. It then appraises, with particular reference to the constitutions of the English-speaking world, some of the most common grounds for disqualifying persons from holding elective office and the various purposes that these might be thought to serve. A major theme is the question whether some grounds of disqualification, notwithstanding their long history, can be justified.
Compressive Strength Variability Limits of High-Strength Cementitious Grouts
Authors: Friend Trenton , Ahn Il-Sang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The quality of grout becomes more important as many projects utilize precast concrete elements and systems to accelerate the delivery of a project. Also, the use of high-strength grout materials increases to properly connect high-strength concrete members. In the present study, two high-strength, cementitious grout materials were tested for their compressive strength to estimate a coefficient of variation (cv), to investigate effects due to curing condition and initial curing time, and to evaluate the strength ratio between cube and cylinder specimens. The 28-day strength of tested grouts reached more than 62.1 MPa (9,000 psi). The estimated cv was 2.3 %, which was slightly higher than the value of 2.1 % used in ASTM C109, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50 mm] Cube Specimens). Based on the estimated cv, the variability limits of compressive strength in ASTM C109 can be 9.5 % (from 8.7 %) for three cubes and 8.4 % (from 7.6 %) for two cubes. There was not a substantial difference in compressive strength between water-cured and moist-cured cubes. Also, the difference of compressive strength is minimal between cubes initially cured for 24 hours and 48 hours before demolding. The compressive strength ratio of ϕ100 mm × 200 mm cylinder specimens to 50 mm cube specimens was between 0.78 and 0.90 for different test ages. The mean ratio was 0.83. These observations can help engineers and practitioners to use ASTM C109 and ASTM C1107, Standard Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-Cement Grout (Nonshrink), with more confidence when they test high-strength, cementitious grout materials.
Programmed Cell Death 2-Like (Pdcd2l) Is Required for Mouse Embryonic Development
Authors: Houston Brendan J , Oud Manon S , Aguirre Daniel M , Merriner D Jo , O’Connor Anne E , Okutman Ozlem , Viville Stéphane , Burke Richard , Veltman Joris A , O’Bryan Moira K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Globozoospermia is a rare form of male infertility where men produce round-headed sperm that are incapable of fertilizing an oocyte naturally. In a previous study where we undertook a whole exome screen to define novel genetic causes of globozoospermia, we identified homozygous mutations in the gene PDCD2L. Two brothers carried a p.(Leu225Val) variant predicted to introduce a novel splice donor site, thus presenting PDCD2L as a potential regulator of male fertility. In this study, we generated a Pdcd2l knockout mouse to test its role in male fertility. Contrary to the phenotype predicted from its testis-enriched expression pattern, Pdcd2l null mice died during embryogenesis. Specifically, we identified that Pdcd2l is essential for post-implantation embryonic development. Pdcd2l−/− embryos were resorbed at embryonic days 12.5-17.5 and no knockout pups were born, while adult heterozygous Pdcd2l males had comparable fertility to wildtype males. To specifically investigate the role of PDCD2L in germ cells, we employed Drosophila melanogaster as a model system. Consistent with the mouse data, global knockdown of trus, the fly ortholog of PDCD2L, resulted in lethality in flies at the third instar larval stage. However, germ cell-specific knockdown with two germ cell drivers did not affect male fertility. Collectively, these data suggest that PDCD2L is not essential for male fertility. By contrast, our results demonstrate an evolutionarily conserved role of PDCD2L in development.
Ficcionalidad y subalternidad en el mundo representado de Sarita Colonia viene volando
Authors: Lozano Mejía Jamess 
Published: October 2020

Proponemos una lectura que considere a Sarita Colonia viene volando (1990) una historia que tiene su origen o pretexto en la cultura no ofcial (subalterna), representada por su protagonista y sus feles. La representación de la subalternidad en la novela establece la presencia de un discurso crítico al sistema imperante.
Por otro lado, es menester realizar un análisis fccional de la novela porque se le ha leído alternativamente como un relato testimonial-antropológico; como una biografía resemantizada de Sarita Colonia Zambrano. En ambas lecturas está primando el aspecto sociológico y se está obviando toda inﬂuencia literaria. Es decir, se está dejando de lado todo el valor simbólico de la ficción.
Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of liensinine in mouse blood by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Tong Shuhua , Zeng Yuqi , Ma Jianshe , Wen Congcong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLiensinine is a bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from lotus (Nelumbo nucifera GAERTNER., Nelumbonaceae), especially in its embryo loti “Lien Tze Hsin” (green embryo of mature seed). A rapid and simple UPLC-MS/MS method was developed to determine liensinine in mouse blood and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. The blood samples were preprocessed by protein precipitation using acetonitrile. Midazolam (internal standard, IS) and liensinine were gradient eluted by mobile phase of methanol and water (0.1% formic acid) in a Waters UPLC BEH C18 column. The multiple reaction monitoring of m/z 611.3 → 206.1 for liensinine and m/z 326.2 → 291.1 for IS with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used for quantitative detection. The calibration curve ranged from 0.5 to 400 ng/mL (r > 0.995). The accuracy ranged from 92.2 to 108.2%, the precision of intra-day and inter-day was less than 14%, and the matrix effect was between 100.0% and 109.6%, the recovery was better than 71.0%. The developed UPLC-MS/MS method was successfully used for a pharmacokinetic study of liensinine in mice after oral (5 mg/kg) and intravenous administration (1 mg/kg), and the absolute availability of liensinine was 1.8%.
On-site testing of masonry shear walls strengthened with timber panels
Authors: Giongo Ivan , Rizzi Ermes , Riccadonna Daniele , Piazza Maurizio 
Published: October 2020

The effectiveness of a method to strengthen/repair unreinforced masonry (URM) by using timber-based products was investigated through experimental in situ testing. The strategy consists of timber-based panels connected to the masonry by means of screw fasteners. URM piers obtained from a century-old building were subjected to in-plane semi-cyclic quasi-static loading in as-built, repaired and retrofitted configurations. The application of the reinforcement on previously damaged piers led to a notable increase in the in-plane capacity while the initial stiffness of the repaired specimens was found to be consistent with that of the specimens tested as-built. When applied to undamaged masonry, the retrofit system allowed an in-plane force 40% higher than the capacity of the unreinforced walls, with the initial stiffness comparable with that of the repaired specimens. Both repaired and retrofitted specimens exhibited remarkable displacement capacity (drift levels > 2.0%) and energy dissipation.
New‐onset musicogenic epilepsy after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery
Authors: Pejović Aleksa T. , Vojvodić Nikola , Djukić Tijana , Kovačević Maša , Ristić Aleksandar J. , Baščarević Vladimir , Sokić Dragoslav 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTMusicogenic epilepsy is a reflex epilepsy provoked by listening to or playing music. The epileptogenic network involves temporal regions, usually mesiotemporal structures. We present a 31‐year‐old female patient who experienced musicogenic seizures after a right temporal lobectomy with amygdalohippocampectomy that was performed in order to treat preexisting right mesio‐temporal epilepsy.
Additional clinical value of voxel‐based morphometric MRI post‐processing for MRI‐negative epilepsies: a prospective study
Authors: El Tahry Riëm , Santos Susana Ferrao , Vrielynck Pascal , de Tourtchaninoff Marianne , Duprez Thierry , Vaz Geraldo Ribeiro , Raftopoulos Christian , Choi Joon Yul , Wang Zhong Irene 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTAims: Magnetic resonance imaging is of paramount importance in the presurgical evaluation of drug resistant epilepsy. Detection of a potentially epileptogenic lesion significantly improves seizure outcome after surgery. To optimize the detection of subtle lesions, MRI post‐processing techniques may be of essential help.Methods: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the detection rate of the voxel‐based morphometric analysis program (MAP) in a prospective trial. We aimed to study the MAP+ findings in terms of their clinical value in the decision‐making process of the presurgical evaluation.Results: We included, prospectively, 21 patients who had negative MRI by visual analysis. In a first step, results of the conventional non‐invasive presurgical evaluation were discussed, blinded to the MAP results, in multidisciplinary patient management conferences to determine the possible seizure onset zone and to set surgical or invasive evaluation plans. Thereafter, MAP results were presented, and the change of initial clinical plan was recorded. All MAP detections were reaffirmed by a neuroradiologist with epilepsy expertise. For the 21 patients included, mean age at the time of patient management conference was 26 years (SD 15 +/‐ years, range: 5–54 years). In total, 4/21 had temporal lobe epilepsy and 17/21 had extra‐temporal lobe epilepsy. MAP was positive in 10/21 (47%) patients and in 6/10 (60%) a diagnosis of focal cortical dysplasia was confirmed after neuroradiologist review, corresponding to a 28% detection rate. MAP+ findings had a clear impact on the initial management in 7/10 patients (7/21, 33% of all patients), which included an adaptation of the intracranial EEG plan (6/7 patients), or the decision to proceed directly to surgery (1/7 patients).Conclusion: MRI post‐processing using the MAP method yielded an increased detection rate of 28% for subtle dysplastic lesions in a prospective cohort of MRI‐negative patients, indicating its potential value in epilepsy presurgical evaluation.
Gelastic seizures: a retrospective study in five tertiary hospital centres
Authors: Loução de Amorim Isabel , Pereira Cristina , Sequeira João , Rocha Helena , Peralta Ana Rita , Rego Ricardo , Bentes Carla , Bento Conceição , Sales Francisco , Robalo Conceição , Pimentel José 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTAim: This study aimed to characterize, clinically and neurophysiologically, a series of patients with gelastic seizures (GS), including both adults and children.Methods: We retrospectively collected patients with GS from epilepsy clinics of five tertiary hospital centres within a single country. Patients were selected through relatives’/caregivers’ descriptions, home video and/or video‐EEG monitoring. GS were identified through ictal semiology.Results: Thirty‐five patients were enrolled; 62.9% had initial GS in infancy, 14.3% in adolescence and 22.8% at adult age. Twenty‐six had abnormal MRI: eight presented with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) and 16 non‐HH lesions that included different structural aetiologies and genetic, metabolic and immune aetiologies. All patients with HH had their first GS in infancy or adolescence. For the remaining aetiologies, GS started in infancy in 59.3%, in adolescence in 11.1% and at adult age in 29.6%. Video‐EEG data was available for analysis in 11 patients, including seven patients with a non‐HH MRI lesion. The ictal onset topography on scalp video‐EEG was usually concordant with the MRI lesion (in 6/7 patients) and the most frequent ictal onset was fronto‐temporal. In two patients, both video‐EEG and MRI suggested a parietal and occipital epileptogenic zone.Conclusion: Aetiologies and patterns of affected topography unrelated to HH are common in patients with GS, and all age groups may manifest with this type of ictal semiology. This ictal manifestation has no lateralizing value and, despite a clear preponderance for hypothalamic, frontal and temporal lobe origins, other brain areas, namely the parietal and occipital lobes, should be considered.
GAT‐1 (rs2697153) and GAT‐3 (rs2272400) polymorphisms are associated with febrile seizures and temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Schijns Olaf EMG. , Bisschop Jeroen , Rijkers Kim , Dings Jim , Vanherle Sabina , Lindsey Patrick , Smeets Hubert JM. , Hoogland Govert 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTAim: The purpose of this study was to determine a possible association between two GABA transporter (GAT) single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2697153 G>A in SLC6A1 (GAT‐1) and rs2272400 C>T in SLC6A11 (GAT ‐3), and drug‐resistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).Methods: DNA was isolated from 138 TLE patients (from the neocortex) and 94 non‐epileptic controls (from blood/buccal swaps), and amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subjected to restriction fragment length polymorphism assays. A subgroup of patients with a positive history of febrile seizures (FS+) and traumatic brain injury (TBI+) were investigated in a separate analysis. P values were obtained using the Chi‐Square test and Fishers exact test.Results: The GAT‐1 SNP was different between patients and controls (p<0.05); the AA genotype was observed in 40% of the cases vs 23% of the controls (p<0.05). Thirty‐one patients were FS+ and the GAT‐3 CT genotype was observed significantly more frequently in the FS+ group (14%) than in the FS‐ group (1%; p<0.01). Thirteen patients were TBI+, and genotyping for GAT‐1 and GAT‐3 in these patients did not result in statistical differences between TBI+ and TBI‐ groups.Conclusions: The findings suggest that TLE is associated with GAT‐1 and GAT‐3 SNPs. More specifically, GAT‐3 c1572T seems to be associated with TLE in patients with FS+. However, the pathophysiological consequences of these SNPs remain to be elucidated.
The effect of oral administration of monosodium glutamate on epileptogenesis in infant rats
Authors: Demirkapu Mahluga Jafarova , Yananlı Hasan Raci , Akşahin Elif , Karabiber Ceren , Günay Pınar , Kekilli Arda , Topkara Betilay 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTAim: Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter that is widely distributed throughout the brain. An increase in glutamate concentration or sensitivity of glutamate receptors triggers neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy in particular. Monosodium glutamate is a substance added to foods to enhance flavour. We investigated the effect of monosodium glutamate on epileptogenesis, as well asheight and weight, in rats that were just weaned.Methods: Twenty‐four male and female 21‐day‐old Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups: one with monosodium glutamate added to the drinking water, and a control in which NaCl was added to the drinking water. The electrical stimulation threshold values were determined in animals to which the hippocampal kindling process was applied, and the stimulations at these threshold values were invariably applied to the animals until they were kindled.Results: The electrical stimulation threshold values of the monosodium glutamate group did not statistically change, whereas the number of required stimulations for kindled rats was significantly lower compared with the control group.Conclusion: These results reveal that long‐term oral administration of glutamate salts causes an increase in excitability in the central nervous system during ontogenetic development.
ОБЩЕСТВЕННАЯ СОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ИНСТИТУТА СИТИ-МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В ОЦЕНКАХ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ РОСТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И РЕСПУБЛИКИ АДЫГЕЯ
Authors: Дятлов Александр Викторович , Ковалев Виталий  Владимирович 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования выступает выявление общественной состоятельности сити-менеджмента в оценках получателей муниципальных услуг Ростовской области и Республики Адыгея на основе сформулированных авторами эмпирических индикаторов.
Методологическая база исследования основывается на положениях неоинституциональной теории Д. Норта, применяемых к изучению процессов институционализации сити-менеджмента в системе муниципального управления, а в конкретно-прикладном аспекте — массовом социологическом опросе, проведенном в муниципальных образованиях Ростовской области и Республики Адыгея.
Результаты исследования. Осуществлена интерпретация результатов массового социологического опроса, проведенного среди населения муниципальных образований Ростовской области и Республики Адыгея на предмет определения общественной состоятельности института сити-менеджмента. Под общественной состоятельностью понимается достижение основных целей, поставленных перед институтом сити-менеджмента, прежде всего, привлечение профессиональных управленцев для улучшения показателей социально-экономического развития территорий. В качестве критериев для оценки сформулированы четыре аспекта: доверие к реформе, цели реформы, удовлетворенность реформой и ожидание последствий от реформы. Авторы пришли к выводу, что значительная масса населения реформе не доверяет, видит в ней иные цели, чем декларирует законодатель, не удовлетворена результатами, опасается наступления негативных последствий от её реализации. В то же время имеются и иные результаты от введения сити-менеджмента, поскольку выделены устойчивые группы респондентов, высказавшие положительное к ней отношение, что последовательно проявляется по всем аспектам оценки, включая отказ от значимости института избираемых мэров.
Перспективы дальнейших исследований авторы видят в проведении фокусированных интервью с бизнес-сообществами и гражданскими активистами, которые позволят расширить субъектную базу измерения общественной состоятельности института сити-менеджмента в муниципальном управлении.
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРАКТИКИ В СИСТЕМЕ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИЙСКОЙ МОЛОДЁЖИ
Authors: Захарова Вера Александровна 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является исследование экологических практик в системе социализации современной российской молодёжи.
Методологическую базу исследования представляют классические социологические теории (Э. Дюркгейм, М. Вебер и др.), культурсоциология (Дж. Александер) и рискологический подход (У. Бек).
Результаты исследования. Экологические практики в целом соответствуют уровню развития экологической культуры в стране, которая, однако, может различаться в зависимости от региона. Более того, в наиболее неблагополучных с точки зрения экологии регионах экологические практики молодёжи будут не столь эффективными по своему социальному воздействию или могут сводиться просто к минимизации и избеганию дополнительных рисков. Сложившаяся ситуация свидетельствует в пользу того, что молодёжь ещё необходимо заинтересовать экологической проблематикой. Командная работа по профилактике экологической безопасности и мониторингу окружающей среды в собственном регионе или районе приучает молодых людей к сотрудничеству в решении актуальных экологических проблем.
Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейшее развитие экологических практик современной российской молодежи.
КАПИТАЛИЗМ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ТЕОРИИ
Authors: Павлов Павел Викторович , Любченко Василий  Сергеевич 
Published: October 2020

Целью статьи является анализ проблем капитализма и его тенденций в свете современного социального знания.
Методология исследования: статья базируется на анализе текстов современных теоретиков, обращающихся к критическому изучению социальных и экономических аспектов современного капитализма (Дж. Дин, Н. Срничек и А. Уильямс, Т. Пикетти).
Результаты исследования. В статье делается вывод о том, что проблема современного капитализма становится предметом серьезной критической рефлексии в ряде теорий, рассматривающих его через призму таких проблем, как «неофеодализм», альтернативные проекты посткапитализма и «посттрудового» общества, социально-экономическое неравенство. Важной проблемой в этих теориях являются дискуссии о «безусловном базовом доходе» и прогрессивном налоге на капитал.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ РЕПУТАЦИОННЫХ РИСКОВ КАК ВАЖНЫЙ АСПЕКТ В РЕПУТАЦИОННОМ МАРКЕТИНГЕ РОССИЙСКОГО ВЫСШЕГО УЧЕБНОГО ЗАВЕДЕНИЯ
Authors: Резакова Юлия Олеговна , Якунин Денис Владимирович 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является построение алгоритма исследования репутации и репутационных рисков вуза с учетом выявленных параметров репутации высших учебных заведений Российской Федерации.
Методологическую базу составляют общенаучные методы исследования: анализ, классификация, а также статистические методы — корреляционный анализ и множественная регрессия. Компьютерные программы Microsoft Excel®, SPSS® и Statistica® применялись в качестве программно-технического комплекса. Эмпирической и информационной базой исследования послужили работы российских и зарубежных учёных, посвящённые вопросам повышения эффективности работы организацией при переходе к управлению на основе маркетингового подхода, а также научные работы по формированию репутации и способам снижения репутационных рисков.
Результаты исследования. В работе построен алгоритм исследования репутации и репутационных рисков вуза. На основе проведенного исследования классифицированы 5 параметров репутации высшего учебного заведения, проведена оценка репутационных рисков, смоделирован репутационный профиль вуза. Внедрение анализа репутационных рисков позволяет разрабатывать стратегии по мероприятиям репутационного маркетинга вуза.
Перспективу исследования составляет формирование инструментов исследования репутационных рисков вуза.