bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of the Changes in Climatic Condition and Seasonal Drought in North-Western Part of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Riaz Hossain , Islam Mohammad Saiful 
Published: April 2020

The study examines the long-term and seasonal climatic variations in north-western part of Bangladesh (NWPB). Long-term variation of different climatic parameters reveals that significant increases in temperature are associated with decreasing evaporation which could be attributed to wind speed variation and seasonal variation of temperature. Increase of monsoon rainfall during monsoon period and scarcity or absence of rainfall during dry periods increase the region’s vulnerability to monsoon flood and seasonal drought, respectively. The area witnesses a single peak of rainfall in July during the first half of the study period (1964-1985), whereas the same experiences bimodal peak of rainfall during July and September in the second half of the study period (1986-2007). This may signify the changes of climatic condition in the studied area. Annual variability of rainfall as well as the unpredictable shifting of rainfall periods might be a possible reason for the seasonal drought. The aridity index indicates that the overall dryness of the area has increased during winter season. The study shows that humidity increases at all stations throughout the year. The study also shows that long-term seasonal variation of both surface and groundwater level is also prominent. Gradual decrease of surface water level was observed in Teesta River which might be due to unilateral withdrawal of surface water in the upper riparian. Detailed investigation on hydrometeorology of the study area is required to see whether there is any trend of climate change in the area.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 44(2): 195-210 December 2018
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap Hasil Belajar Passing Kaki Bagian Dalam Permainan Sepak Bola Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 5 Pangkalpinang
Authors: Akbar Ramadhan , Ulfah Widati Amalin , Walton Erick Prayogo 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi passing kaki bagian dalam sepakbola siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 5 Pangkalpinang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen. Jenis desain yang dipakai adalah nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan tes kemampuan passing kaki bagian dalam. Hasil kemampuan passing kaki bagian dalam diuji menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil uji hipotesis menggunakan Uji T diperoleh Thitung = 10,620 dan nilai Ttabel = 2,000, Nilai Thitung ˃ Ttabel. Data menunjukan bahwa kemampuan akhir kedua kelompok berbeda. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil yang signifikan antara kedua kelompok. Model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan passing kaki bagian dalam pada pembelajaran sepakbola siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 5 Pangkalpinang.
Effects of a patient’s name and image on medical knowledge acquisition
Authors: Guajardo Jesus , Petershack Jean , Caplow Julie , Littlefield John 
Published: April 2020

Purpose: To assess whether there are differences in medical students’ (MS) knowledge acquisition after being provided a virtual patient (VP) case summary with a patient’s name and facial picture included compared to no patient’s name or image.Method: 76 MS from four clerkship blocks participated. Blocks one and three (Treatment group) were provided case materials containing the patient’s name and facial picture while blocks two and four (Control group) were provided similar materials without the patient’s name or image. Knowledge acquisition was evaluated with a multiple-choice-question examination (CQA_K).Results: Treatment group CQA_K scores were 64.6% (block one, n = 18) and 76.0% (block three, n = 22). Control group scores were 71.7%, (block two, n = 17) and 68.4% (block four, n = 19). ANOVA F-test among the four block mean scores was not significant; F (3, 72) = 1.68, p = 0.18, η2=0.07. Only 22.2% and 27.3% of the MS from blocks one and three respectively correctly recalled the patient’s name while 16.7% and 40.9% recalled the correct final diagnosis of the patient.Conclusions: These results suggest that including a patient’s name and facial picture on reading materials may not improve MS knowledge acquisition. Corroborating studies should be performed before applying these results to the design of instructional materials.
Radial Star Formation Histories in 32 Nearby Galaxies
Authors: Dale Daniel A. , Anderson Kristin R. , Bran Louis M. , Cox Isaiah S. , Drake Carolyn L. , Lee Nathan J. , Pilawa Jacob D. , Alexander Slane F. , Soto Susana , Jensen Emily I. , Sutter Jessica S. , Turner Jordan A. , Kobulnicky Henry A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The spatially resolved star formation histories are studied for 32 normal star-forming galaxies drawn from the Spitzer Extended Disk Galaxy Exploration Science survey. At surface brightness sensitivities fainter than 28 mag arcsec−2, the new optical photometry is deep enough to complement archival ultraviolet and infrared imaging and to explore the properties of the emission well beyond the traditional optical extents of these nearby galaxies. Fits to the spectral energy distributions using a delayed star formation history model indicate a subtle but interesting average radial trend for the spiral galaxies: the inner stellar systems decrease in age with increasing radius, consistent with inside-out disk formation, but the trend reverses in the outermost regions with the stellar age nearly as old as the innermost stars. These results suggest an old stellar outer disk population formed through radial migration and/or the cumulative history of minor mergers and accretions of satellite dwarf galaxies. The subset of S0 galaxies studied here show the opposite trend compared to what is inferred for spirals: characteristic stellar ages that are increasingly older with radius for the inner portions of the galaxies, and increasingly younger stellar ages for the outer portions. This result suggests that either S0 galaxies are not well modeled by a delayed-τ model, and/or that S0 galaxies have a more complicated formation history than spiral galaxies.
Spinning Bar and a Star-formation Inefficient Repertoire: Turbulence in Hickson Compact Group NGC 7674
Authors: Salim Diane M. , Alatalo Katherine , Federrath Christoph , Groves Brent , Kewley Lisa J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The physics regulating star formation (SF) in Hickson Compact Groups (HCG) has thus far been difficult to describe, due to their unique kinematic properties. In this study, we expand upon previous works to devise a more physically meaningful SF relation able to better encompass the physics of these unique systems. We combine CO(1–0) data from the Combined Array from Research in Millimeter Astronomy to trace the column density of molecular gas

and deep Hα imaging taken on the Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope tracing

to investigate SF efficiency across face-on HCG, NGC 7674. We find a lack of universality in SF, with two distinct sequences present in the

–

plane; one for inside and one for outside the nucleus. We devise an SF relation based on the multi-freefall nature of gas and the critical density, which itself is dependent on the virial parameter

, the ratio of turbulent to gravitational energy. We find that our modified SF relation fits the data and describes the physics of this system well with the introduction of a virial parameter of about 5–10 across the galaxy. This

leads to an order-of-magnitude reduction in SFR compared to

systems.
MOSEL Survey: Tracking the Growth of Massive Galaxies at 2 < z < 4 Using Kinematics and the IllustrisTNG Simulation
Authors: Gupta Anshu , Tran Kim-Vy , Cohn Jonathan , Alcorn Leo Y. , Yuan Tiantian , Rodriguez-Gomez Vicente , Harshan Anishya , Forrest Ben , Kewley Lisa J. , Glazebrook Karl , Straatman Caroline M. , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Nanayakkara Themiya , Labbé Ivo , Papovich Casey , Cowley Michael 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We use K-band spectroscopic data from the Multi-Object Spectroscopic Emission Line survey to analyze the kinematic properties of galaxies at z > 3. Our sample consists of 34 galaxies at 3.0 < z
spec < 3.8 between 9.0 <

< 11.0. We find that galaxies with

> 10.2 at z > 3 have 56 ± 21 km s−1 lower integrated velocity dispersion compared to galaxies at z ≃ 2 of similar stellar mass. Massive galaxies at z > 3 have either a flat or declining star formation history (SFH), whereas similar stellar mass galaxies at z ∼ 2.0 exhibit a slight peak in the past 500 Myr. Comparing with the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulation, we find that (i) the dynamical mass of massive galaxies in simulations (

> 10.0) increases by ∼0.1 dex at a fixed stellar mass between z = 2.0–3.0, and (ii) dynamical mass growth is coupled with a rapid rise in the ex situ stellar mass fraction (stars accreted from other galaxies) for massive galaxies at z < 3.5. We speculate that the rising contribution of ex situ stellar mass to the total stellar mass growth of massive galaxies is driving the higher integrated velocity dispersion and rising SFHs of massive galaxies at z ∼ 2.0 compared to galaxies of similar stellar masses at z > 3.
Efficiently Jet-powered Radiation in Intermediate-luminosity Optical Transients
Authors: Soker Noam 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
I show that a flow structure where wide jets hit a slower expanding shell might be very efficient in channeling the kinetic energy of the jets to radiation, therefore accounting for, at least a fraction of, intermediate-luminosity optical transients (ILOTs) where the total radiation energy is much larger than what recombination energy of the outflow can supply. This type of flow might occur in the frame of the high-accretion-powered ILOT (HAPI) model, where there is a high mass accretion rate as a result of stellar merger or mass transfer in a binary system. I derive the condition on the jets half opening angle for the jets not to penetrate through the slow shell, as well as the ratio of the photon diffusion time to expansion time. This ratio cannot be too large if a large fraction of the thermal energy is channeled to radiation. I apply the jet-powered radiation model to the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae, to V838 Mon, and to V4332 Sgr, and find a plausible set of parameters for these ILOTs. I expect the jet-powered radiation model to be more efficient in converting kinetic energy to radiation than ILOT models that are based on equatorial mass concentration. In many cases, though, I expect both jets and equatorial mass concentration to occur in the same system.
Preferences for Mechanical Ventilation Among Survivors of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation and Tracheostomy
Authors: Guentner Kathleen , Hoffman Leslie A. , Happ Mary Beth , Kim Yookyung , Dabbs Annette DeVito , Mendelsohn Aaron B. , Chelluri Lakshmipathi 
Published: April 2020

• Background Among survivors of prolonged mechanical ventilation, preferences for this treatment have rarely been explored.
• Objectives To elicit preferences of survivors of prolonged mechanical ventilation (≥7 days) and factors influencing these preferences.
• Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional survey design was used. Subjects were recruited from intensive care units in a tertiary care hospital and from long-term care facilities. Each subject (n = 30) was asked to reflect on the decision to use mechanical ventilation; rate current health, pain/discomfort in the intensive care unit and from mechanical ventilation, perceived family financial burden, and emotional/physical stress related to mechanical ventilation; identify changes that would influence preference for mechanical ventilation; and answer questions about quality of life, functional status, depressive symptoms, and communication.
• Results Most subjects (75.9%) would have chosen mechanical ventilation. Median days of mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy were greater for subjects who would have chosen mechanical ventilation (98.5 vs 70), as were median days of tracheostomy (102 vs 64). Patients who would not have chosen mechanical ventilation had more depressive symptoms and were more likely to be insured by Medicare. No other variables differed between groups. Patients who preferred mechanical ventilation would change their preference on the basis of their families’ emotional/physical stress and financial burden. Patients who did not prefer mechanical ventilation would change their preference if the family financial burden and emotional/physical stress were reduced and current health improved.
• Conclusions Most patients would have chosen mechanical ventilation. Survivors’ preferences were influenced by their current health and families’ financial burden and stress.
Elevated Cardiac Troponin Levels in Critically Ill Patients: Prevalence, Incidence, and Outcomes
Authors: Lim Wendy , Cook Deborah J. , Griffith Lauren E. , Crowther Mark A. , Devereaux P. J. 
Published: April 2020

• Background Levels of cardiac troponin, a sensitive and specific marker of myocardial injury, are often elevated in critically ill patients.
• Objectives To document elevated levels of cardiac troponin I in patients in a medical-surgical intensive care unit and the relationship between elevated levels and electrocardiographic findings and mortality.
• Methods A total of 198 patients expected to remain in the intensive care unit for at least 72 hours were classified as having myocardial infarction (cardiac troponin I level ≥1.2 μg/L and ischemic electrocardiographic changes), elevated troponin level only (≥1.2 μg/L and no ischemic electrocardiographic changes), or normal troponin levels. Events were classified as prevalent if they occurred within 48 hours after admission and as incident if they occurred 48 hours or later after admission. Factors associated with mortality were examined by using regression analysis.
• Results A total of 171 patients had at least one troponin level measured in the first 48 hours. The prevalence of elevated troponin level was 42.1% (72 patients); 38 patients (22.2%) had myocardial infarction, and 34 (19.9%) had elevated troponin level only. After the first 48 hours, 136 patients had at least 1 troponin measurement. The incidence of elevated troponin level was 11.8% (16 patients); 7 patients (5.1%) met criteria for myocardial infarction, and 2 (1.5%) had elevated troponin level only. Elevated levels of troponin I at any time during admission were associated with mortality in the univariate but not the multivariate analysis.
• Conclusions Elevated levels of cardiac troponin I in critically ill patients do not always indicate myocardial infarction or an adverse prognosis.
High Temperature and High Reliability Performance of Electrically Conductive Film Adhesives for RF Grounding Applications
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Katze Doug , Wood John , Tolla Bruno , Yun Howard 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Over the past decade, electronic parts have become smaller, more complex, and highly functional. This is well understood for many products within the consumer and handheld markets. Miniaturization, however, is also impacting sectors such as aerospace and automotive, pushing the limits of already harsh environments. As more power is driven through active devices, the integrity of materials used to provide the electrically conductive interfaces is becoming increasingly critical. For many applications, adhesive films have been the preferred material because they offer a variety of performance and operational advantages such high electrical and thermal conductivity, uniform bondlines, superior adhesion, and low processing temperatures. Today, as miniaturization pushes power-density limits and although devices are also being exposed to high operating temperatures, even for traditionally robust adhesive films, it is challenging to cope with these conditions. In sectors such as aerospace where high reliability is essential, material capability must evolve to deliver on fail-safe performance expectations. This study compares the performance of an established and widely used electrically conductive film adhesive with that of a newly developed film designed to provide improved mechanical performance over a higher elevated temperature range.
SMARCA4/BRG1–Deficient Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinomas: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Nambirajan Aruna , Singh Varsha , Bhardwaj Nishu , Mittal Saurabh , Kumar Sunil , Jain Deepali 
Published: April 2020

Context.—Somatic mutations in SMARCA4 (SWI/SNF–related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 4) gene and/or BRG1 (Brahma-related gene 1) loss identifies a subset of non–small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) lacking alterations in EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase), and ROS1 (ROS proto-oncogene 1) genes. Preliminary observations suggest responsiveness to immunotherapy and targeted therapies.Objective.—To study BRG1 loss in NSCLCs and elucidate the clinicopathologic profile of such SMARCA4-deficient NSCLCs.Design.—Non–small cell lung carcinomas diagnosed during 6 years were subject to immunohistochemistry for BRG1 and BRM (Brahma). Tumors with BRG1 loss were stained with antibodies against thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), p40, cytokeratins, hepatocyte paraffin 1 (Hep Par 1), Sal-like protein 4 (SALL4), CD34, SRY-box 2 (SOX2), chromogranin, synaptophysin, p53, integrase interactor 1, ALK, and ROS1. EGFR mutation testing was performed by polymerase chain reaction–based method.Results.—Among 100 NSCLCs tested, 4 cases (4%) showed BRG1 loss. The histology ranged from solid adenocarcinomas (n = 1) to large cell/poorly differentiated carcinomas (n = 3) with clear cell cytology in 2 cases. All showed loss/reduction of BRM with variable cytokeratin and SALL4 expression, and were negative for TTF-1, p40, Hep Par 1, ALK, ROS1, and EGFR mutations. CD34 and SOX2 were negative in all 4 cases. Isolated BRM loss was common (21%), distributed across all NSCLC subtypes including squamous cell carcinomas and a hepatoid adenocarcinoma.Conclusions.—BRG1 loss occurs in a subset of TTF-1/p40–negative poorly differentiated NSCLCs. Identification and follow-up will clarify the prognosis, diagnostic criteria, and potential for therapeutic personalization.
Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance by Interface Engineering in Ternary g‐C3N4/TiO2/PbTiO3 Films
Authors: Wang Shun , Zheng Fengang , Weng Yuyan , Yuan Guoliang , Fang Liang , You Lu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPolycrystalline ferroelectric PbTiO3 (PTO) films deposited on transparent fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO) glass have been proved to be a photocathode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, the hitherto reported PEC performances remain inferior to meet the requirements for practical applications. Herein, it is reported that a compact TiO2 (TO) buffer layer, inserted between PTO and g‐C3N4 (CN), improves significantly its PEC performance. The optimal CN/TO/PTO film shows a photocathodic current density of −68.5 µA cm−2 at 0 V versus Ag/AgCl electrode under 100 mW cm−2 Xe‐lamp illumination, which is 4.5 and 2 times higher than that of pristine PTO and CN/PTO films. The performance improvement can be attributed to the following reasons: one is the improved light harvesting ability owing to TO and CN, and the other is that TO functions as a buffer layer to build a type II and a Z‐scheme interfaces between PTO, TO, and CN to promote charge carrier transfer and separation. Last but not the least, the ternary photoelectrode also shows tunable PEC performance by ferroelectric polarization switching.
Malignant uveal melanoma with metastatic recurrence to the pancreas: A case report
Authors: Weng Wei‐Chun , Tsai Tzung‐Jiun , Chen Wen‐Chi , Cheng Jin‐Shiung , Sun Wei‐Chih 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMetastatic pancreatic cancers are uncommon. The most common primary origins are renal, lung, breast, and colon cancer, with sarcoma and melanoma observed less commonly. Distinguishing a primary pancreatic cancer from a metastasis can be difficult based on various non‐invasive imaging studies but is crucial to assure appropriate management. We reported a rare case of malignant uveal melanoma (UM) with metastatic recurrence to pancreas diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided (EUS) fine‐needle aspiration (FNA). Under best supportive care, the patient eventually died of disease progression with multiple liver and brain metastases. Prognosis remains poor for patients with metastatic UM owing to no significantly effective treatment. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the possibility of malignant UM metastasizing to intra‐abdominal organs even after primary resection.
Birth during the moderate weather seasons is associated with early onset of type 1 diabetes in the Mediterranean area
Authors: Adar Adi , Shalitin Shlomit , Eyal Ori , Loewenthal Neta , Pinhas‐Hamiel Orit , Zuckerman Levin Nehama , Dally‐Gottfried Orna , Landau Zohar , Zung Amnon , Levy‐Khademi Floris , Zangen David , Tenenbaum‐Rakover Yardena , Rachmiel Marianna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the association of seasonal and perinatal parameters with early age of type 1 diabetes (T1D) onset.MethodsA cross‐sectional review of all medical records of T1D patients born between the years 1990 and 2005, and diagnosed before/by the age of 10 years, from 13 university‐affiliated paediatric medical centres in Israel, was performed. Data included: gender, ethnicity, seasons of birth and disease onset, birth gestational age and weight, and autoimmune diseases of the probands and their first‐degree family members. Statistical analysis included the Chi‐square test or Mann‐Whitney test, as appropriate and multivariate regression analysis.ResultsEnrolled were 1571 T1D patients at a median age of T1D onset 6.9 years (IQR 4.4,8.4); 336 of them presented before 4 years of age. The median age of this group was 2.5 years (IQR 1.7,3.2), and of the 1235 patients who presented after 4 years of age, median presentation age was 7.5 years (IQR 6.1,8.8). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that a more recent birth year; OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.02‐1.1, P = 0.003, and birth during the moderate weather months (September, October, March, and April) were significantly associated with younger age at T1D onset; OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.17‐2.4, P = 0.005.ConclusionsOur novel finding demonstrates the association between younger than 4 years old age at presentation and birth during moderate weather months. The results also support previous reports, that there is a slight increase in the annual incidence of T1D in the youngest age groups.