bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Trend of Neutralizing Antibody Response Against SARS-CoV-2 and the Cytokine/Chemokine Release in Patients with Differing Severities of COVID-19: All Individuals Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Obtained Neutralizing Antibody
Authors: Tjan Lidya Handayani , Nagano Tatsuya , Furukawa Koichi , Nishimura Mitsuhiro , Arii Jun , Fujinaka Sayo , Iwata Sachiyo , Nishimura Yoshihiro , Mori Yasuko 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundCOVID-19 patients show a wide clinical spectrum ranging from mild respiratory symptoms to severe and fatal disease, and older individuals are known to be affected more severely. Neutralizing antibody for viruses is critical for their elimination, and increased cytokine/chemokine levels are thought to be related to COVID-19 severity. However, the trend of the neutralizing antibody production and cytokine/chemokine levels during the clinical course of COVID-19 patients with differing levels of severity has not been established.MethodsWe serially collected 45 blood samples from 12 patients with different levels of COVID-19 severity, and investigated the trend of neutralizing antibody production using authentic SARS-CoV-2 and cytokine/chemokine release in the patients’ clinical courses.ResultsAll 12 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 had the neutralizing antibody against it, and the antibodies were induced at approx. 4-10 days after the patients’ onsets. The antibodies in the critical and severe cases showed high neutralizing activity in all clinical courses. Most cytokine/chemokine levels were clearly high in the critical patients compared to those with milder symptoms.ConclusionNeutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were induced at a high level in the severe COVID-19 patients, indicating that abundant virus replication occurred. Cytokines/chemokines were expressed more in the critical patients, indicating that high productions of cytokines/chemokines have roles in the disease severity. These results may indicate that plasma or neutralizing antibody therapy could be a first-line treatment for older patients to eliminate the virus, and corticosteroid therapy could be effective to suppress the cytokine storm after the viral genome’s disappearance.
An information management approach for supply chain disruption recovery
Authors: Messina Dario , Barros Ana Cristina , Soares António Lucas , Matopoulos Aristides 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTo study how supply chain decision makers gather, process and use the available internal and external information when facing supply chain disruptions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews relevant supply chain literature to build an information management model for disruption management. Afterwards, three case studies in the vehicle assembly sector, namely cars, trucks and aircraft wings, bring the empirical insights to the information management model.FindingsThis research characterises the phases of disruption management and identifies the information companies use to recover from a variety of disruptive events. It presents an information management model to enhance supply chain visibility and support disruption management at the operational level. Moreover, it arrives at two design propositions to help companies in the redesign of their disruption discovery and recovery processes.Originality/valueThis research studies how companies manage operational disruptions. The proposed information management model allows to provide visibility to support the disruption management process. Also, based on the analysis of the disruptions occurring at the operational level we propose a conceptual model to support decision makers in the recovery from daily disruptive events.
Assessing the reliability and validity of an outcomes star
Authors: Sweet Daryl , Winter Karen , Neeson Laura , Connolly Paul 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the reliability, validity and use of the Family Star Plus, one of several Outcomes Stars increasingly used as part of outcomes-based accountability approaches in the delivery of family support services. The Family Star Plus measures progress towards effective parenting but a lack of evidence exists on its psychometric properties and suitability for use as an outcomes tool.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on data from 1,255 families receiving a pilot support service, Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the internal reliability of the 10-item scale, while principal component analysis (PCA) examined the number of constructs in the tool. Using matched data from evaluation of 80 families, correlations between the Family Star Plus and psychometrically validated tools were used to assess concurrent validity. Findings from a process evaluation explore practical issues around use of the tool.

Findings
Cronbach’s alpha indicated sufficient internal reliability of the Family Star Plus; however, the PCA raised questions concerning the internal validity the Star. Correlations between the Star and validated tools were not strong enough to support concurrent validity of the Star. Process evaluation findings highlight inconsistencies in Family Star Plus data capture, which may explain these differences.

Practical implications
Further work is required before the Family Star Plus can be considered for use as an outcome measure.

Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, this is the first peer-reviewed analysis of the psychometric qualities of the Family Star Plus.
Earnings momentum meets short‐term return reversal
Authors: Zhu Zhaobo , Sun Licheng , Tu Jun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper evaluates the effectiveness of a joint strategy that exploits fundamental‐based momentum and return‐based reversal anomalies. This joint strategy is motivated by two considerations. First, reversal can serve as a natural hedge to momentum. Second, both fundamental and price‐related information can contribute to stock return predictability. Consequently, we propose a new joint strategy that synthesises both earnings momentum and short‐term reversal. We find that this joint strategy generates considerable economic gains and outperforms the sum of profits from two individual anomalies. Moreover, the proposed strategy appears to be quite robust, generating stable and persistent profits across different market conditions.
Current landscape attributes and landscape stability in breeding grounds explain genetic differentiation in a long‐distance migratory bird
Authors: García J. , Morán‐Ordóñez A. , García J. T. , Calero‐Riestra M. , Alda F. , Sanz J. , Suárez‐Seoane S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNumerous studies have highlighted a major role of isolation by both geographic distance and current landscape resistance in controlling bird population genetic differentiation. However, the importance of past landscape features or landscape temporal stability in shaping population genetic structure remains undervalued, particularly in birds. We assessed the role of isolation by landscape resistance – derived from current landscape attributes and measures of landscape stability –, in comparison to geographic isolation, as drivers of genetic differentiation of the Iberian bluethroat (Luscinia svecica azuricollis), a migratory bird whose populations breed in fragmented and dynamic landscapes affected by land use change. First, we characterized bluethroat genetic structure using microsatellite genotypes and evaluated genetic distances. Then, we built species distribution models using as a predictor a time series (two decades) of values of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index as proxies of recent past landscape stability and current landscape features to ultimately generate landscape resistance values through different functions. Finally, we used maximum‐likelihood population effects models to evaluate the relationships between genetic distances and both geographic and landscape resistance distances. We found a genetic structure of four clusters in the Iberian bluethroats populations, as well as a high level of genetic differentiation. Genetic structure was better associated with landscape resistance, rather than with geographic distance. The highest values of habitat suitability corresponded to areas where vegetation remained mostly stable during the two decades prior to bird surveys, with low annual precipitation and spring temperature, being the relationship between gene flow and presence of intervenient habitat among populations linear or quasi‐linear. Our results suggest that conservation policies and land management practices that promote the maintenance of semi‐open pasture‐shrub mosaics (e.g. through extensive livestock grazing) can strongly benefit Iberian bluethroat populations, improving gene flow and population connectivity.
Cocaine attenuates acid sphingomyelinase activity during establishment of addiction‐related behavior—A translational study in rats and monkeys
Authors: Frankowska Małgorzata , Jesus Fernando M. , Mühle Christiane , Pacheco Jéssica V.N. , Maior Rafael S. , Sadakierska‐Chudy Anna , Smaga Irena , Piechota Marcin , Kalinichenko Liubov S. , Gulbins Erich , Kornhuber Johannes , Filip Małgorzata , Müller Christian P. , Barros Marilia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCocaine addiction is a severe psychiatric condition for which currently no effective pharmacotherapy is available. Brain mechanisms for the establishment of addiction‐related behaviors are still not fully understood, and specific biomarkers for cocaine use are not available. Sphingolipids are major membrane lipids, which shape neuronal membrane composition and dynamics in the brain. Here, we investigated how chronic cocaine exposure during establishment of addiction‐related behaviors affects the activity of the sphingolipid rheostat controlling enzymes in the brain of rats. As we detected specific effects on several enzymes in the brain, we tested whether the activity of selected enzymes in the blood may serve as potential biomarker for cocaine exposure in non‐human primates (Callithrix penicillata). We found that intravenous cocaine self‐administration led to a reduced mRNA expression of Cers1, Degs1 and Degs2, and Smpd1 in the prefrontal cortex of rats, as well as a reduction of Cers4 expression in the striatum. These effects reversed after 10 days of abstinence. Monkeys showed a robust cocaine‐induced place preference (CPP). This coincided with a reduction in blood acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity after CPP establishment. This effect normalized after 15 days of abstinence. Altogether, these findings suggest that the establishment of cocaine addiction‐related behaviors coincides with changes in the activity of sphingolipid controlling enzymes. In particular, blood ASM levels may serve as a translational biomarker for recent cocaine exposure.
Comparing dentinal tubule penetration of conventional and ‘HiFlow’ bioceramic sealers with resin‐based sealer: An in vitro study
Authors: Reynolds John Z. , Augsburger Robert A. , Svoboda Kathy K.H. , Jalali Poorya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study compared the depth and percentage of dentinal tubule penetration for single‐cone (SC) and warm vertical (WV) obturation techniques with two different bioceramic sealers (BC Sealer [BCS], BC Sealer HiFlow [BCSHF]) and an epoxy resin‐based sealer (2Seal easymiX). Fifty canals were filled with BCS, BCSHF or resin‐based sealer (RBS). Teeth in BCS and BCSHF groups were filled with SC or WV techniques, and teeth in the control group (RBS) filled with WV technique only. The roots were sectioned at 3 mm and 6 mm levels from the apex and evaluated with a confocal laser microscope. There was significantly greater depth and percentage of sealer penetration at the 6 mm section compared to 3 mm (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in sealer type or obturation technique at the examined levels (P > 0.05). In conclusion, dentinal tubule penetration was similar comparing BC Sealer, BC Sealer HiFlow and RBS using SC and WV techniques.
Sputum macrophage diversity and activation in asthma: Role of severity and inflammatory phenotype
Authors: Tiotiu Angelica , Zounemat Kermani Nazanin , Badi Yusef , Pavlidis Stelios , Hansbro Philip M. , Guo Yi‐Ke , Chung Kian Fan , Adcock Ian M. ,   the U‐BIOPRED consortium project team
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMacrophages control innate and acquired immunity, but their role in severe asthma remains ill‐defined. We investigated gene signatures of macrophage subtypes in the sputum of 104 asthmatics and 16 healthy volunteers from the U‐BIOPRED cohort.MethodsForty‐nine gene signatures (modules) for differentially stimulated macrophages, one to assess lung tissue‐resident cells (TR‐Mφ) and two for their polarization (classically and alternatively activated macrophages: M1 and M2, respectively) were studied using gene set variation analysis. We calculated enrichment scores (ES) across severity and previously identified asthma transcriptome‐associated clusters (TACs).ResultsMacrophage numbers were significantly decreased in severe asthma compared to mild‐moderate asthma and healthy volunteers. The ES for most modules were also significantly reduced in severe asthma except for 3 associated with inflammatory responses driven by TNF and Toll‐like receptors via NF‐κB, eicosanoid biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway and IL‐2 biosynthesis (all P < .01). Sputum macrophage number and the ES for most macrophage signatures were higher in the TAC3 group compared to TAC1 and TAC2 asthmatics. However, a high enrichment was found in TAC1 for 3 modules showing inflammatory pathways linked to Toll‐like and TNF receptor activation and arachidonic acid metabolism (P < .001) and in TAC2 for the inflammasome and interferon signalling pathways (P < .001). Data were validated in the ADEPT cohort. Module analysis provides additional information compared to conventional M1 and M2 classification. TR‐Mφ were enriched in TAC3 and associated with mitochondrial function.ConclusionsMacrophage activation is attenuated in severe granulocytic asthma highlighting defective innate immunity except for specific subsets characterized by distinct inflammatory pathways.
Expression and roles of system L amino acid transporters in human embryonal carcinoma cells
Authors: Chatsirisupachai Kasit , Kitdumrongthum Sarunya , Panvongsa Wittaya , Janpipatkul Keatdamrong , Worakitchanon Wittawin , Lertjintanakit Sarat , Wongtrakoongate Patompon , Chairoungdua Arthit 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundTesticular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common malignant cancer in young men. Although TGCTs are generally responsive to platinum‐based chemotherapy particularly cisplatin, acquired resistance in patients with metastasis still occurs resulting in poor prognosis. Specifically, differentiation of embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, the stem cells of TGCTs, can lead to the reduction of cisplatin responsiveness. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies for TGCTs are needed. System L amino acid transporters have been reported to be up‐regulated and to play an important role in tumorigenesis. However, expression and role of system L amino acid transporters in TGCTs remain elusive.Materials and methodsExpression of system L amino acid transporters was analyzed in TGCT samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Expression of LAT1, LAT2, and 4F2hc was examined in human embryonal carcinoma cell line NTERA2. Roles of system L amino acid transporters on NTERA2 cell survival, cell proliferation, pluripotency, and cisplatin sensitivity were evaluated.ResultsBased upon TCGA datasets, we found that two isoforms of system L (LAT1 and LAT2) and their chaperone protein 4F2hc are highly expressed in EC samples compared with other groups. Treatment with the system L inhibitor BCH significantly suppressed leucine uptake into the pluripotent EC cell line NTERA2. The malignant phenotypes including cell viability, cell proliferation, and clonal ability were decreased following BCH treatment. Nonetheless, system L inhibition did not alter expression of stemness genes in NTERA2 cells. After NTERA2 differentiation, expressions of LAT1 and LAT2 were decreased. Finally, co‐administration of BCH enhanced cisplatin sensitivity in both undifferentiated and differentiated cells. These effects were associated with the reduction in p70S6K phosphorylation.ConclusionTaken together, these results shed light on the roles of system L amino acid transporters in TGCTs. Therefore, system L amino acid transporters could provide novel therapeutic targets for treatment against TGCTs.
Mucinous appendiceal neoplasms with or without pseudomyxoma peritonei: a review
Authors: Soucisse Mikael L. , Lansom Joshua , Alshahrani Mohammad S. , Morris David L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMucinous appendiceal neoplasms (MANs) are rare tumours and the primary cause of pseudomyxoma peritonei. These tumours have a much more benign course than typical colorectal cancers, generally growing for many years before giving any clinical signs. The spectrum of presentations, tumour stages and the underlying cytology is very wide, warranting from the simplest operation like an appendicectomy to the most complicated operation like a complete cytoreduction surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Fortunately, most patients can be offered a curative treatment, but limiting operative morbidity without compromising oncologic outcomes is the biggest challenge in managing these patients. Histopathology is the cornerstone of decision making for MANs, but is also subject to ongoing debate because of a lack of terminology consensus amongst pathologists. Combined with the rarity of this disease, the multiple histopathologic classification updates of MANs explain the ongoing confusion amongst clinicians in regard to individual optimal treatment. This review will cover the most recent histological classification of MANs and attempt to clarify optimal management of patients with different clinical presentation and histologic combinations.
Lymphovascular invasion and risk of recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Wagner Katy , Abraham Earl , Tran Bryan , Roshan David , Wykes James , Campbell Peter , Ebrahimi Ardalan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundLymphovascular invasion (LVI) is an established adverse prognostic factor in many cancers, however, there are few studies assessing its significance in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). We aimed to determine if LVI is an independent prognostic factor in PTC.MethodsWe conducted a single institution retrospective analysis of 610 patients with PTC treated between 1987 and 2016. LVI was defined as the presence or absence of cancer cells in blood vessels and/or lymphatics on histopathology. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between LVI and recurrence‐free survival (RFS).ResultsThe study cohort included 481 (78.9%) females and 129 (21.1%) males, with a median age of 47.6 years and median follow‐up of 3.4 years. LVI was present in 56 (9.2%) patients and was associated with nodal metastases (P < 0.001), extrathyroidal extension (P < 0.001), extranodal extension (P < 0.001), multifocality (P = 0.018) and microscopic positive margins (P < 0.001). On univariate analysis, LVI was associated with reduced RFS (hazard ratio (HR) 2.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–4.3; P = 0.007). However, after adjusting for nodal stage (pN0, pN1a, pN1b) there was no association between LVI and RFS (HR 1.3; 95% CI 0.7–2.5; P = 0.398). Similar results were obtained in full multivariate models adjusting for additional prognostic factors (HR 1.2; 95% CI 0.6–2.4; P = 0.627).ConclusionLVI is strongly associated with other adverse prognostic factors in PTC, particularly the presence and extent of nodal metastases. However, after adjusting for these, LVI is not an independent predictor of recurrence.
Necrotising enterocolitis–A 15‐year outcome report from a UK specialist centre
Authors: Calvert William , Sampat Keerthika , Jones Matthew , Baillie Colin , Lamont Graham , Losty Paul D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsNecrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease associated with high mortality and morbidity, low birthweight and prematurity are risk factors. This study reports outcomes of babies having emergency laparotomy for NEC, examining institutional trends and exploring impact of multiple variables on mortality at 30 days and 1 year post‐operatively.MethodsCase records of babies with ICD coding for NEC were examined from 2000 to 2015. After exclusions, 243 cases were identified—confirmed by operative findings and histology. Cohort demographics and trends in mortality were investigated, and the relationship of common variables to mortality was modelled with univariate and multivariate logistic regression to generate a mortality prediction tool.ResultsMean gestational age was 28 + 4 weeks. A 30‐day mortality was 18.9%. Gestation, birthweight and area of bowel affected were significant of outcome (mortality), and the presence of pre‐operative pneumoperitoneum was strongly correlated. Year of surgery and congenital cardiac pathology requiring intervention were not significant. Using multivariate regression modelling, a mortality outcome prediction tool has been developed.ConclusionGood survival following operation for NEC (>70%) is feasible, even in those babies born extremely premature (<28 weeks) and post‐operatively re‐located to tertiary NICUs. With increasing gestational age (>32 weeks), mortality is uncommon.
Retzius‐sparing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy improves early recovery of urinary continence: a randomized, controlled, single‐blind trial with a 1‐year follow‐up
Authors: Qiu Xuefeng , Li Youjian , Chen Mengxia , Xu Linfeng , Guo Suhan , Marra Giancarlo , Elliot Rosenberg Joel , Ma Haoxin , Li Xiaogong , Guo Hongqian 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of Retzius‐sparing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (posterior approach) on early recovery of urinary continence (UC) compared to the conventional approach (anterior approach) for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa).MethodsA total of 110 consecutive patients with clinically localized PCa were prospectively randomized in a 1:1 ratio to an anterior group (n = 55) or a posterior group (n = 55). The primary outcome was immediate UC, defined as freedom from any pad use within 1 week after removal of the urinary catheter. The UC rate following surgery was also calculated with Kaplan–Meier curves, and the log‐rank test was used for statistical comparison. Intra‐operative outcomes, pathological data and oncological outcomes, including positive surgical margin (PSM) status and biochemical recurrence‐free survival (BCRFS), were also compared between the two groups. The comparison of the two approaches was also analysed in subgroups after risk stratification.ResultsOf the patients who underwent the posterior approach, 69.1% achieved immediate UC compared with 30.9% in the anterior group (relative risk 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48–3.51; P = 0.000). The relative Kaplan–Meier curves for UC during the 12‐month follow‐up revealed statistically better recovery in the posterior group when compared with the anterior group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.51, 95% CI 1.01–2.24; log‐rank P = 0.007). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding complications (P = 0.399), PSM status (P = 0.225) or BCRFS (HR 4.80, 95% CI 0.97–23.78; log‐rank P = 0.111). In sub‐analyses, no significant difference between the two approaches with regard to UC recovery in patients with high‐risk PCa was observed (HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.63–2.51; log‐rank P = 0.415).ConclusionsThe Retzius‐sparing approach significantly improved early recovery of UC compared to the conventional approach. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the benefits of the Retzius‐sparing approach for clinically localized PCa, especially for high‐risk cases.