bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness among minority ethnic populations in OECD countries: A scoping review
Authors: Nwofe Emmanuel Sunday , Akhtar Amirah , Parveen Sahdia , Windle Karen 
Published: December 2024

Background
Social isolation and loneliness (SIL) are complex issues that impact mental and physical wellbeing and are significant public health concerns. People from minority ethnic backgrounds living in Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member states may be particularly vulnerable to experiencing SIL. This is due to various challenges associated with life in foreign countries, including cultural differences, settlement issues, low incomes, and discrimination. While many interventions have been developed to address SIL in the general population, there is little information about interventions designed for minority ethnic populations in OECD countries. Our study aimed to 1) Investigate existing interventions for minority ethnic communities in OECD countries; 2) Assess how these interventions are conceptualised to increase awareness of SIL risks on health factors.3) Explore culturally sensitive approaches in these interventions, and 4) Identify the most effective interventions in reducing SIL in minority ethnic populations.

Methods and findings
We searched Medline, APA PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus from their inception to September 19th, 2023, and registered the scoping review at https://osf.io/fnrvc. Our search yielded 10,479 results, of which 12 studies were included: five RCTs, six non-randomized quasi-experimental studies, and one qualitative study. Interventions were grouped into four main categories: social facilitation, befriending, leisure and skills development, and health education programmes. While only a few interventions targeted minority ethnic populations specifically, our findings highlight the potential of culturally sensitive interventions in reducing social isolation and loneliness among minority ethnic communities in OECD countries. However, given the type and extent of evidence, it is still unclear which interventions are superior in reducing SIL in minority ethnic populations in OECD countries. Further research is necessary to understand which activities may be most effective for which communities. Such interventions should be designed and tailored to account for the broader risk implications of SIL to raise awareness of the population’s peculiar health risk profile.

Discussion
Interventions designed to address SIL among minority ethnic groups in OECD member states are scarce and have not been designed to account for the health risks profile of the population. Integrated research designs involving groups linked with minority ethnic populations are needed to link individual, community, and societal factors alongside population risk profiles for increased recognition of SIL as an important health factor.
Eat a little and save a little: A qualitative exploration of acceptability of a potential savings intervention to reduce HIV risk among female sex workers in Western Kenya
Authors: Otticha Sophie , Moraa Jane , Onyango Jacob , Okumu Olivia , Ochillo Marylyn , Ayallo Judith , Owiti Phillip , Ouma Lillian , Ounda Nancy , Odwar Tobias , Ogot Shantana Carol , Agot Kawango 
Published: December 2024

Background
The burden of HIV among female sex workers (FSWs) remains higher in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with an estimated prevalence of 36.9%. In Kenya, HIV prevalence among FSWs is 29.3% compared to 6.6% among adult women in the general population. Economic disempowerment is a significant driver of HIV among FSWs, specifically manifested in engagement in higher-paying, high risk sex. Saving interventions to improve financial security have the potential to reduce HIV risk among FSWs.

Methods
We conducted 24 focus group discussions (FGD) with each session involving 6–10 respondents. The FGD guide explored saving history and income sources, spending and loan-taking practices as factors associated with saving. Thematic analysis identified themes related to financial burden, loaning, saving and spending, sources of income, HIV risk behaviors in the context of sex work, and acceptability of the proposed saving intervention to reduce HIV risk.

Results
We conducted 24 FGDs with 221 respondents, of whom 19.9% were married and 85.4% reported being heads of households. We identified the following key themes, that FSWs were: open to participating in a saving intervention being proposed to reduce their HIV risk; financially insecure, thus engaging in sexual practices that increase their HIV risk; living beyond their means leading to further financial insecurity; and desiring an intervention that equips them with knowledge and skills on how to balance earning and spending in order to save and how to take and repay loans without increasing their HIV risk.

Conclusion
FSWs in western Kenya were receptive to the proposed savings intervention, believing that it would increase their financial stability and reduce the need to engage in risky sex when faced with emergency situations that require immediate cash.
Perceptions, barriers, and facilitators of maternal health service utilization in southern Ethiopia: A qualitative exploration of community members’ and health care providers’ views
Authors: Yoseph Amanuel , Teklesilasie Wondwosen , Guillen-Grima Francisco , Astatkie Ayalew 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Maternal health service (MHS) use is a key strategy to reduce maternal mortality. However, evidence is scarce in designing efficient intervention strategies in Ethiopia. Thus, we aimed to explore community members and healthcare providers’ perceptions of MHS and barriers and facilitators of MHS use in southern Ethiopia.

Methods
A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted in the month of November, 2022, in the northern zone of the Sidama region. There were sixteen in-depth interviews, nine focus group discussions, and 15 key informant interviews with 112 study participants. A maximum variance sampling method was used to select study participants. Data coding and analysis were done using MAXQDA 2020 software and presented in narratives.

Results
Communities have positive perceptions and good practices of skilled antenatal care (ANC) and health facility delivery (HFD) but lack awareness of postnatal care (PNC) services and schedules. Some have experienced negative interactions with health care providers, health facilities, and ambulance drivers. The main identified barriers to ANC use were lack of awareness of ANC benefits, distance from a health facility, costs associated with ANC use, long waiting time, lack of road access, and women being busy with different household chores. Distance from health facilities, costs associated with HFD use, unpredicted labor, lack of an ANC visit, lack of a birth preparedness plan, and non-dignified care were the main barriers to HFD. The major barriers to PNC use were home delivery, lack of awareness of PNC service and schedule, and socio-cultural beliefs. The main identified facilitators of MHS use were previous experience and fear of obstetric complications, health extension workers and women’s development teams, and pregnant women’s forums.

Conclusions
Rural women still encounter challenges when using MHS, even though communities have positive perceptions and good practices of skilled MHS. Bad experiences mothers faced in health facilities, challenges associated with the costs of MHS use, poor awareness of service, and unpredictable labor continued to be fundamental barriers to MHS use. Intervention approaches should consider inter-sectoral collaboration to address community and health facility barriers. The programs must emphasize the transportation arrangements during unpredictable labor and the needs of poor mothers and women with poor awareness of MHS at the community level.
Healthcare outcomes and special education eligibility in children with congenital CMV
Authors: Rochat Ryan , Goodman Elizabeth , Miller Jerry , Wang Wei , Demmler-Harrison Gail J. 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
Congenital cytomegalovirus disease (cCMV) can have significant sensory and neurodevelopmental sequelae throughout childhood. Many of these sequalae are consistent with special education eligibility, but the special education needs of affected children have not been systematically studied.

Methods
Retrospective chart reviews from two cohorts of cCMV children receiving care in a large tertiary care children’s hospital were included in this study: a historical research cohort (N = 186, 41% symptomatic at birth) and a contemporary clinical cohort of cCMV patients (N = 112, 68% symptomatic at birth). SNOMED-CT was used to identify ICD-10 codes describing special education-qualifying health outcomes fitting the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) criteria. ICD-10 codes were retrospectively applied to the historical research cohort through manual chart review, whereas the ICD-10 billing codes were extracted from the electronic medical record for all encounters in the contemporary cohort.

Results
Of the 56 unique special education-qualifying ICD-10 codes we identified as pertinent to the IDEA, at least one was noted in 39% of those asymptomatic at birth (AcCMV) as compared to 94% of the patients symptomatic at birth (ScCMV). In the contemporary clinical cohort, at least one of these codes was noted in 67% of the AcCMV patients as compared to 95% for ScCMV patients. 61% of patients in the historical and 86% in the contemporary cohort had at least one special education-qualifying ICD-10 code. Developmental, mobility, physical therapy and hearing-related health outcomes were common in both ScCMV and AcCMV patients.

Conclusions
Health outcomes qualifying for special educational services occur commonly in children with cCMV, including those who are classified as asymptomatic at birth. The emergence of qualifying conditions beyond the neonatal period among these children suggests that continued surveillance of this vulnerable population throughout early childhood may facilitate the timely identification of health outcomes requiring special educational services.
Organ pedalboard as a rehabilitation tool: A qualitative exploratory study of healthcare providers’ perceptions and recommendations
Authors: Kan Mandy M. P. , Kwok Wai Hang , Fan Eric C. , Al Zoubi Fadi M. 
Published: December 2024

Objective
This qualitative study explored healthcare providers’ perceptions and attitudes regarding the use of organ pedalboards as a rehabilitation tool, particularly for lower extremity conditions. The study also sought to identify the perceived barriers and facilitators to adopting organ pedalboards within rehabilitation settings, as well as gather healthcare providers’ recommendations for integrating this tool into clinical practice.

Method
Healthcare providers, including physiotherapists, occupational therapists, music therapists, and sports therapists, were recruited for focus group interviews using purposive and snowball sampling. At the outset of the interview, participants watched an organist playing musical notes on a pedalboard and had the opportunity to try on the pedalboard. A researcher then modulated the group discussion with the organist and asked questions following a semi-structured interview guide. The guided questions concern the perceptions of using organ pedal training for patients, as well as participants’ attitudes and perceived barriers towards it. Verbatim transcription and content analysis were performed on qualitative data.

Findings
Seventeen healthcare providers were interviewed in four focus groups. Healthcare providers perceive music as a motivator in rehabilitation, aiding in natural movement through rhythm and beats. Music intervention, particularly training on the pedalboard, is seen as beneficial for lower extremity rehabilitation, improving range of motion, balance, and coordination. It also offers cognitive benefits and enhances patient engagement and psychosocial well-being. Its safety concerns were addressed and discussed.

Conclusion
Our study is the first to explore the feasibility of using a pedalboard as a rehabilitation tool. Healthcare providers identify the circumstances and potential therapeutic benefits of the use of organ pedal training in the management of lower extremity problems. This will assist in the development of a lower extremity training protocol that can accommodate all the physiological hip, knee, ankle, and foot movements in the future.
Use of vasopressors in patients with acute kidney injury on continuous kidney replacement therapy
Authors: Ramesh Ambika , Doddi Akshith , Abbasi Aisha , Al-Mamun Mohammad A. , Sakhuja Ankit , Shawwa Khaled 
Published: December 2024

Objective
To investigate whether the use of a specific vasopressor was associated with increased mortality or adverse outcomes in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) receiving continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT).

Methods
Patients with AKI who underwent CKRT between 1/1/2012-1/1/2021 at a tertiary academic hospital were included. Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the relationship between time-dependent vasopressor dose and in-hospital mortality.

Results
There were 641 patients with AKI that required CKRT. In-hospital mortality occurred in 318 (49.6%) patients. Those who died were older (63 vs 57 years), had higher SOFA score (10.6 vs 9) and lactate (6 vs 3.3 mmol/L). In multivariable model, increasing doses of norepinephrine [HR 4.4 (95% CI: 2.3–7, p<0.001)] per 0.02 mcg/min/kg and vasopressin [HR 2.6 (95% CI: 1.9–3.2, p = 0.01)] per 0.02 unit/min during CKRT were associated with in-hospital mortality. The model was adjusted for vasopressor doses and fluid balance, SOFA score, lactate and other markers of severity of illness. Baseline vasopressor doses were not associated with mortality. Most vasopressors were associated with positive daily fluid balance. Among survivors at day 30, mean values of vasopressors were not associated with persistent kidney dysfunction.

Conclusion
The associations between norepinephrine and vasopressin with in-hospital mortality could be related to their common use in this cohort.
Analysis of contemporary value and influence of intangible cultural heritage based on online review mining
Authors: Xu Qiaoyun , Xu Yan , Ma Chao 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
The development of new media has enabled intangible cultural heritage to be disseminated through online platforms and attracted the attention of many contemporary young people. Classification and discussion on the value of intangible cultural heritage is an important way to help the inheritance and dissemination.

Design/Methodology/Approach
Real online reviews were collected based on the Bilibili website as the research data source. A text-based BiGRU-Attention model was conducted to achieve value recognition and classification, and keyword statistics and topic analysis were performed for topic discussion among comments.

Findings
Using the BiGRU-Attention model to classify intangible cultural heritage’s contemporary values has a performance with precision, recall, and F1 score of more than 77%, the category of CVP (Cultural Value Perception) has the best classification performance. Through the topic analysis of comments and keywords, the cultural value of intangible cultural heritage is its core connotation, social value is the main purpose, and economic value is the power source.

Originality
A BiGRU-Attention model based on BERT word embedding is proposed to achieve a text contemporary value perception recognition method based on user-generated content.
Plasma and serum concentrations of VEGF-A121, but not of VEGF-A165, increase post-bevacizumab administration
Authors: Okawa Masashi , Yamakuchi Munekazu , Bibek Aryal , Takenouchi Kazunori , Maywar Drew N. , Yamada Shingo , Inoue Keiichi , Higurashi Kazuhiko , Nakazawa Junichi , Kawahira Masahiro , Kodama Tomoko , Tanoue Kiyonori , Oyama Yoko , Higashi Sadayuki , Fujisaki Chieko , Hashinokuchi Hirohito , Tabaru Akito , Kanda Hideaki , Tachioka Shuji , Imoto Yutaka , Hashiguchi Teruto , Soga Yoshiharu 
Published: December 2024

Background
VEGF-A concentrations were measured in the blood of bevacizumab-treated cancer patients in previous studies, but a consensus has not formed that would develop VEGF-A into a clinical biomarker. Recently, methods to strictly distinguish between the VEGF-A isoforms have been developed but have not yet been applied to cancer patients undergoing bevacizumab treatment.

Methods
An ELISA that strictly distinguishes between VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165—the major isoforms of VEGF-A—and a commercially available ELISA for VEGF-A are used to determine the concentration of VEGF-A121, VEGF-A165, and VEGF-A in the blood of 12 patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving bevacizumab therapy.

Results
The serum and plasma concentrations of VEGF-A121 increased substantially post-bevacizumab administration; the median increase in serum was 860.8 pg/mL, 95% confidence interval (CI) [468.5, 1128.9], p = 0.0024, and in plasma was 808.6 pg/mL, 95% CI [748.7, 874.0], p = 0.00049. In stark contrast, VEGF-A165 after bevacizumab administration decreased in serum by a medium change of –73.8 pg/mL, 95% CI [–149.4, –10.2], p = 0.0034, with 83.3% of the post-bevacizumab concentrations falling below the high-accuracy threshold of 38 pg/mL; in plasma, all pre and post VEGF-A165 concentrations fell below this threshold. Concentrations of VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165 in platelets did not change to a statistically significant degree. Adding recombinant VEGF-A121 (and -A165) or bevacizumab to plasma in patients post-bevacizumab administration increased or decreased, respectively, VEGF-A121 and VEGF-A165 levels. The increase in VEGF-A121 in plasma and serum after bevacizumab administration may be due to the dissociation of the complex of tumor-derived VEGF-A121 and bevacizumab when it moves from the stroma into the blood.

Conclusions
The VEGF-A121 isoform has been uniquely demonstrated as a clear marker of bevacizumab therapy in both plasma and serum, motivating further research on pursuing these isoforms as biomarkers in cancer care.
Challenges in diagnosis and treatment of KCNJ11-MODY
Authors: Gonçalves Juliana , Ferreira Helena Urbano , Ribeiro Sara , Fernandes da Rocha Diogo , Souto Selma B , Pedro Jorge , Freitas Paula , Queirós Joana 
Published: December 2024

SummaryMaturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a subtype of monogenic diabetes and a rare type of diabetes, which accounts for 1–5% of cases and is often underdiagnosed. The importance of its diagnosis lies in the potential implications that it can have on disease management and offspring. We report a de novo KCNJ11-MODY case and the process of transition from insulin to sulfonylureas. A 24-year-old Caucasian woman was referred to the Endocrinology Department on account of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Her past medical history was unremarkable; however, her family history was relevant, as three grandparents had diabetes. Blood tests showed elevated haemoglobin A1c (10.7%) and fasting glucose (278 mg/dL), prompting the initiation of insulin therapy. Further tests revealed a normal C-peptide level (2.75 ng/mL) and negative anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase and anti-insulin antibodies. The examination of past medical records revealed pre-diabetes since the age of 13. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous pathogenic variant p.(Glu227Lys) in the KCNJ11 gene. Excellent glycaemic control was achieved upon initiation of gliclazide, leading to the withdrawal of insulin treatment. KCNJ11-MODY is an extremely uncommon subtype of MODY, with only a few reported cases worldwide. This case is important, as it supports the use of sulfonylureas as an effective treatment for KCNJ11-MODY.Learning pointsDe novo KCNJ11 variants challenge MODY calculators.Gliclazide is safe, is effective in the long term and improves quality of life.Precision medicine is essential in the management of diabetes.
Psychopedagogiczne aspekty metody analizy więzi prenatalnej
Authors: Maciejewski Rafał 
Published: December 2024

W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano metodę analizy więzi prenatalnej opracowaną w latach dziewięćdziesiątych XX wieku przez węgierskich psychoanalityków: Jenő Raffai’a oraz György Hidas’a. Metoda jest krótkoterminową interwencją psychoanalityczną, której celem jest rozwój relacji między rodzicami a dzieckiem prenatalnym oraz przygotowanie rodziców i dziecka do porodu w wymiarze psychologicznym. W artykule omówiono genezę powstania metody oraz psychoanalityczną i psychopedagogiczną perspektywę zagadnień takich jak: proces analizy prenatalnej, więź prenatalna, analiza czynników stresogennych w przebiegu ciąży, komunikacja analityczna, uczucia i emocje w przebiegu ciąży, reprezentacje mentalne macierzyństwa i ojcostwa oraz reprezentacje mentalne dziecka. W podsumowaniu ukazano aspekty metody analizy więzi prenatalnej, które zadaniem autora są istotne dla dyskursu psychopedagogicznego.
A AUTORREALIZAÇÃO COMO DIREITO-DEVER PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DO SER HUMANO EM SOCIEDADE: A EXPERIÊNCIA DA DISCIPLINA INTERNACIONAL AMF E UNITAR EM HAIA
Authors: Vieira Cauê , Bevilaqua Trevisan Sofia , Friedrich Neu Wilian Mauri , Schaefer Ricardo 
Published: December 2024

A partir da abordagem da formação responsável de jovens lideranças proporcionada pela Antonio Meneghetti Faculdade, esta pesquisa discorre sobre a importância dos deveres do ser humano em relação aos seus direitos. Um indivíduo que tem a consciência prática dos seus direitos e deveres é capaz de atingir a própria realização e, com isso, desenvolver-se socialmente nos mais diversos cenários, inclusive internacionais. Este trabalho de desenvolvimento teórico inicia com a apresentação das Nações Unidas e a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos, como uma busca dos seus países-membros por garantias fundamentais a todo ser humano. Na sequência abordada a dimensão dos Direitos e Deveres Humanos a partir das contribuições da Ontopsicologia. Por fim, o critério ético do humano é resgatado para a refundação do direito e seus códigos em premissas humanistas, de preceitos universais da ONU às diferentes adaptações sociais de cada cultura e nação. O resultado, a partir da experiência internacional dos alunos da AMF em Haia, iniciado no Meeting “Pessoa e Sociedade” e continuado na disciplina internacional realizada em parceria com a UNITAR “World Leaders:habilidades e competências profissionais para uma nova geração internacional”, é que o direito-dever à autorrealização pode ser a garantia do desenvolvimento do ser humano em sociedade.