bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left internal mammary artery side branch intervention in the management of coronary steal syndrome following coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Mangels Daniel , Penny William , Reeves Ryan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this qualitative review is to summarize the pathophysiological and clinical data behind the clinical entity of left internal mammary artery (LIMA) side branch coronary steal as well as the potential diagnostic and therapeutic modalities available.BackgroundThe presence of persistent unligated LIMA side branches following coronary artery bypass grafting has previously been associated with stable angina and acute coronary syndromes. However, despite numerous attempts to objectively demonstrate a coronary steal phenomenon, the pathophysiology of LIMA side branch flow diversion remains elusive and the clinical utility of intervention is not well elucidated.MethodsA review of literature and available data including case reports, case series, and investigational studies was performed.ResultsTherapeutic closure of LIMA side branches has been reported in at least 44 patients and in at least 31 publications since 1990 and is associated with an 87.5% rate of freedom from angina amongst technically successful initial interventions. In all patients with pre‐ and post‐ stress testing, intervention was associated with an improvement and/or resolution of previously observed reversible ischemia.ConclusionsLIMA side branch coronary steal should remain an ongoing consideration in symptomatic patients with large unligated side branches on angiography, particularly when there is clear evidence of reversible ischemic on perfusion imaging.
CHOpinionMiner: An unsupervised system for Chinese opinion target extraction
Authors: Wang Yuling , He Wei , Jiang Minghu , Huang Yunlong , Qiu Peijun 
Published: November 2019

SummaryOpinion target extraction (OTE) is an important task in fine‐grained sentiment analysis field, which focuses on the identification of the targets of users' opinions or sentiments from online reviews. Existing approaches to OTE are mainly based on unsupervised rule‐based methods or supervised machine learning methods. However, the latter needs a large number of labeled samples to train their models and lack of labeled corpus limits the research progress on OTE of Chinese. In this paper, we proposed a novel unsupervised and domain independent system called CHOpinionMiner. First, noun phrases are extracted as candidate opinion targets based on phrase structure grammar, then the syntactic paths of the candidate opinion targets and the opinion words in one opinionated sentence are extracted. After that, the legal paths, or rather, the opinion targets‐opinion lexicon pairs that are syntactically associated are selected according to the syntactic rules. Finally, not only the formal targets but also the orientations are obtained. Experiments on data sets consisting of microblog topics and product reviews demonstrate that our approach outperforms the existing state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Construction of extended ant colony labor division model for traffic signal timing and its application in mixed traffic flow model of single intersection
Authors: Jiang Changbing , Chen Tinggui , Li Ruolan , Li Liang , Li Gongfa , Xu Chonghuan , Li Shufang 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe ant colony labor division model can be used to solve the dynamic and variable traffic signal timing problem because of its adaptive and self‐adjusting characteristics. Based on the basic model, this paper proposes a new extended ant colony labor division model for traffic signal timing. This model is combined with the vehicle characteristics to modify the calculation method of environmental stimulus values. Using the vehicle delay in the unit period, the original fixed response threshold is modified to the dynamic response threshold, and the state transition equation is reconstructed. Based on the mixed traffic flow model of two‐phase single‐point intersection cellular automata, through comparative experiments and discussion and analysis, it is found that the extended ant colony labor division model can effectively improve road traffic capacity according to road conditions and reasonable traffic signal timing.
Clinal variation in drought resistance shapes past population declines and future management of a threatened plant
Authors: Krushelnycky Paul D. , Felts Jesse M. , Robichaux Robert H. , Barton Kasey E. , Litton Creighton M. , Brown Matthew D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPredicting vegetation responses to increased future drought is challenging, owing to the complex interaction of multiple factors influencing both plant drought resistance and local climatic conditions, each of which may be subject to spatial and temporal heterogeneity. We conducted a detailed study of potential mechanisms underlying an elevational gradient in mortality that has characterized recent population declines of a threatened alpine plant, the Haleakalā silversword (Argyroxiphium sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum). We used a pair of greenhouse experiments staged at high and low elevations to test the influences of plasticity (to contrasting soil water availability and atmospheric conditions) and heredity (different seed source elevations) on the development of functional traits associated with drought resistance and on performance in a terminal drought. We then out‐planted a subset of plants into three common‐garden plots near the bottom, middle, and top of the silversword elevational range, and tracked growth and survival over 3.5 yr. A range of morphological traits (root and leaf mass fractions, specific leaf area, leaf area ratio, and root length per shoot mass) exhibited either heritable variation or plasticity or both. Among physiological traits measured, only water use efficiency exhibited a plastic treatment response. Survival of out‐plants was influenced during the first year by a home site advantage, and by the water treatment imposed in the greenhouses, with high water plants dying more often than low water plants. These effects subsequently dissipated, being replaced over the final 1.5 yr by a strengthening out‐plant site effect: survival was positively associated with site elevation, matching the pattern of mortality observed in the wild population. The balance of information suggests this pattern stems from lower elevation plants being less drought resistant than higher elevation plants, owing principally to plasticity, and thus suffering greater mortality during recent dry seasons. The pattern may be enhanced by stronger deviations from typical climatic conditions at lower elevations. Our findings suggest that future management should focus on climatically suitable habitat rather than advantageous genetic ecotypes. More broadly, they provide evidence that clinal variation can be important to consider when modeling future vegetation responses to climate change.
Wandering woodpeckers: foray behavior in a social bird
Authors: Barve Sahas , Hagemeyer Natasha D. G. , Winter Russell E. , Chamberlain Samuel D. , Koenig Walter D. , Winkler David W. , Walters Eric L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn many cooperatively breeding taxa, nonbreeding subordinates, or helpers, use extra‐territorial forays to discover dispersal opportunities. Such forays are considered energetically costly and foraying birds face aggression from conspecific members of the territories they visit. In contrast, breeders in cooperatively breeding taxa are expected to foray seldomly. We used novel tracking technologies to follow 62 acorn woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus), a cooperatively breeding bird, to study extra‐territorial foray behavior. Both helpers and breeders engaged in extra‐territorial forays routinely and often several times per day. Helpers forayed earlier in the day and invested more time when foraying to high‐quality territories. Unexpectedly, breeders forayed as often and as far as helpers. Breeders from high‐quality territories forayed closer to their home territories than breeders from low‐quality territories, reflecting a potential trade‐off between foraying and territory defense. Such a routine pattern of extra‐territorial forays in both helpers and breeders suggests that the motives behind forays differ by sex and social status and involve more than simply searching for dispersal opportunities.
Pulmonary artery pulsatility index: physiological basis and clinical application
Authors: Lim Hoong Sern , Gustafsson Finn 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPulmonary artery pulsatility index (PAPi) is a haemodynamic parameter that is derived from right atrial and pulmonary artery pulse pressures. A number of reports have described the prognostic value of PAPi in patients with advanced heart failure and cardiogenic shock. However, the derivation and physiological interpretation of this parameter have received little attention. This review will examine the physiological interpretation and clinical data for PAPi.
The implications of previous history of anorexia nervosa in patients with current bulimia nervosa: Alterations in daily functioning, decision‐making, and bone status
Authors: Strumila Robertas , Nobile Benedicte , Maimoun Laurent , Jaussent Isabelle , Seneque Maude , Thiebaut Sylvain , Iceta Sylvain , Dupuis‐Maurin Kathlyne , Lefebvre Patrick , Courtet Philippe , Renard Eric , Guillaume Sebastien 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveIt is not yet clear what role previous history of anorexia nervosa (AN) plays in the clinical course of bulimia nervosa (BN). We aimed to investigate, using a comprehensive assessment, involving clinical characteristics, daily functioning, cognitive functions, and nutritional and physical markers in BN patients with a history of AN, and compare them with BN patients without a history of AN.MethodsEighty‐five patients with a current episode of BN (35 with a lifetime history of AN) were analysed. Diagnoses were established according to the DSM‐5 criteria. Patients completed neuropsychological tests and filled out validated psychiatric questionnaires. Sociodemographic data and nutritional and somatic illness markers were collected and investigated.ResultsBN patients with a history of previous lifetime AN had worse decision‐making ability, worse general and specific functioning, decreased bone density, more antecedent of lifetime suicide attempts, more dietary restraint, and more frequent use of laxatives. The multivariate model shows that the history of AN is closely associated with worse decision‐making ability, worse general function, and higher likelihood of lifetime suicide attempts.DiscussionPrior history of AN is an important clinical question that should receive proper attention when treating BN patients, as this subgroup of patients may have specific care needs.
DL‐IDS: a deep learning–based intrusion detection framework for securing IoT
Authors: Otoum Yazan , Liu Dandan , Nayak Amiya 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Internet of Things (IoT) is comprised of numerous devices connected through wired or wireless networks, including sensors and actuators. Recently, the number of IoT applications has increased dramatically, including smart homes, vehicular ad hoc network (VANETs), health care, smart cities, and wearables. As reported in IHS Markit (see https://technology.ihs.com), the number of connected devices is projected to jump from approximately 27 billion in 2017 to 125 billion in 2030, an average annual increment of 12%. Security is a critical issue in today's IoT field because of the nature of the architecture, the types of devices, different methods of communication (mainly wireless), and the volume of data being transmitted over the network. Security becomes even more important as the number of devices connected to the IoT increases. To overcome the challenges of securing IoT devices, we propose a new deep learning–based intrusion detection system (DL‐IDS) to detect security threats in IoT environments. There are many IDSs in the literature, but they lack optimal features learning and data set management, which are significant issues that affect the accuracy of attack detection. Our proposed module combines the spider monkey optimization (SMO) algorithm and the stacked‐deep polynomial network (SDPN) to achieve optimal detection recognition; SMO selects the optimal features in the data sets and SDPN classifies the data as normal or anomalies. The types of anomalies detected by DL‐IDS include denial of service (DoS), user‐to‐root (U2R) attack, probe attack, and remote‐to‐local (R2L) attack. Extensive analysis indicates that the proposed DL‐IDS achieves better performance in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and F‐score.
HCAR: Human continuous activity recognition using latent structure features
Authors: Zhao Kun , Yang Xiaoxian , Xi Wei , Jiang Zhiping , Wang Xiaohong , Wang Zhi , Ji Xinyuan , Yang Zhao , Zhao Jizhong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith the rapid development of the Internet of Things and the improvement of computing power, edge‐computing becomes an emergency computing paradigm that communicates between the terminal and cloud. One of the most representative works of edge‐computing is to achieve human‐activity recognition at the edge side, as it has lower latency and it could reduce transmission costs, compared with processing at the cloud side. However, existing approaches have many drawbacks: (1) they can merely recognize separated actions as it is incompetence for continuous activity recognition; and (2) they are not robust to action transformation and environmental noise due to the value‐feature‐based matching strategy. In this paper, we propose HCAR, a structure‐feature–based human continuous activity recognition system, which is insensitive to action transformation and environmental noise. Firstly, we leverage word2vec to embed the CSI sequences to CSI value space. Secondly, we select representative features from the embedded vectors and use HMM‐LDA to cluster them into different action categories. Lastly, for each new coming sequence, we calculate the Hellinger distance and bi‐modality coefficient to different categories and then identify the corresponding action(s). We implement HCAR by Intel 5300 NIC to evaluate the activity recognition precision in different cases. The experiments show that HCAR can recognize actions corresponding to the unsegmented CSI sequence with high accuracy, ie, >90%.
Healthy aging delays the neural processing of face features relevant for behavior by 40 ms
Authors: Jaworska Katarzyna , Yi Fei , Ince Robin A. A. , van Rijsbergen Nicola J. , Schyns Philippe G. , Rousselet Guillaume A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFast and accurate face processing is critical for everyday social interactions, but it declines and becomes delayed with age, as measured by both neural and behavioral responses. Here, we addressed the critical challenge of understanding how aging changes neural information processing mechanisms to delay behavior. Young (20–36 years) and older (60–86 years) adults performed the basic social interaction task of detecting a face versus noise while we recorded their electroencephalogram (EEG). In each participant, using a new information theoretic framework we reconstructed the features supporting face detection behavior, and also where, when and how EEG activity represents them. We found that occipital‐temporal pathway activity dynamically represents the eyes of the face images for behavior ~170 ms poststimulus, with a 40 ms delay in older adults that underlies their 200 ms behavioral deficit of slower reaction times. Our results therefore demonstrate how aging can change neural information processing mechanisms that underlie behavioral slow down.
Lipotoxic Hepatocyte‐Derived Exosomal MicroRNA 192‐5p Activates Macrophages Through Rictor/Akt/Forkhead Box Transcription Factor O1 Signaling in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Lin , Pan Qin , Cao Hai‐Xia , Xin Feng‐Zhi , Zhao Ze‐Hua , Yang Rui‐Xu , Zeng Jing , Zhou Huiping , Fan Jian‐Gao 
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims
Hepatic macrophages can be activated by many factors such as gut‐derived bacterial components and factors released from damaged hepatocytes. Macrophage polarization toward a proinflammatory phenotype (M1) represents an important event in the disease progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Exosomes have been identified as important mediators for cell–cell communication by transferring various biological components such as microRNAs (miRs), proteins, and lipids. The role of exosomes in crosstalk between hepatocytes and macrophages in disease progression of NAFLD is yet to be explored.

Approach and Results
In the present study, we reported that lipotoxic injury–induced release of hepatocyte exosomes enriched with miR‐192‐5p played a critical role in the activation of M1 macrophages and hepatic inflammation. Serum miR‐192‐5p levels in patients with NAFLD positively correlated with hepatic inflammatory activity score and disease progression. Similarly, the serum miR‐192‐5p level and the number of M1 macrophages, as well as the expression levels of the hepatic proinflammatory mediators, were correlated with disease progression in high‐fat high‐cholesterol diet–fed rat models. Lipotoxic hepatocytes released more miR‐192‐5p‐enriched exosomes than controls, which induced M1 macrophage (cluster of differentiation 11b–positive [CD11b+]/CD86+) activation and increase of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha expression. Furthermore, hepatocyte‐derived exosomal miR‐192‐5p inhibited the protein expression of the rapamycin‐insensitive companion of mammalian target of rapamycin (Rictor), which further inhibited the phosphorylation levels of Akt and forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FoxO1) and resulted in activation of FoxO1 and subsequent induction of the inflammatory response.

Conclusions
Hepatocyte‐derived exosomal miR‐192‐5p plays a critical role in the activation of proinflammatory macrophages and disease progression of NAFLD through modulating Rictor/Akt/FoxO1 signaling. Serum exosomal miR‐192‐5p represents a potential noninvasive biomarker and therapeutic target for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
New responsibilities for aged kinases in B‐lymphomas
Authors: Piazza Francesco , Manni Sabrina , Arjomand Arash , Visentin Andrea , Trentin Livio , Semenzato Gianpietro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe knowledge accumulated over the last decade on B‐cell–derived non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL) pathogenesis has led to the identification of several molecular abnormalities, opening new perspectives in the design of novel therapies. Indeed, drugs targeting specific biochemical pathways critical for B‐NHL cell survival, proliferation, and fitness within the malignant microenvironment are now available to the clinician: the B‐cell receptor signaling inhibitors of BTK, PI3Kδ, ζ, γ, and SYK or the pro‐apoptotic BH3‐mimetics are clear examples of it. Moreover, it is emerging that malignant B‐cell growth is sustained not only by mutations in oncogenes/tumor suppressors but also by the “addiction” to nononcogene (ie, nonstructurally altered) molecules. In this regard, a consistent body of data has established that the Ser/Thr kinases CK1, CK2, and GSK3 are involved in malignant lymphocyte biology and act as pro‐survival and signaling‐boosting molecules, both in precursor and mature B‐cell tumors. Currently, an experimental and clinical groundwork is available, upon which to design CK1‐, CK2‐, and GSK3‐directed antilymphoma/leukemia therapies. In this review, we have examined the main features of CK1, CK2, and GSK3 kinases, summarized the data in B‐NHL supporting them as suitable therapeutic targets, and proposed a perspective on potential future research development.
Virtuous circle: Human capital and human resource management in social enterprises
Authors: Roumpi Dorothea , Magrizos Solon , Nicolopoulou Katerina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe majority of the extant research on human resource management (HRM) draws conclusions based on evidence from for‐profit organizations. In response to calls for the exploration of HRM in different contexts, this study focuses on understanding HRM in the context of social enterprises. The unique context of social enterprises and their unique workforce raise questions about the direct applicability of frameworks developed from examining HRM in for‐profit organizations. The narratives provided by 20 CEOs, HR directors, and managers of social enterprises in the United Kingdom highlight the importance of “ethics of care” as the core of the HRM‐related decisions in the “third sector.” In addition, we identify five distinct workforce categories and propose a typology of differentiated HRM systems that enable social enterprises to achieve their dual mission. Finally, we propose a “virtuous circle” model, highlighting “ethics of care” as the main driver for organizational outcomes, using differentiated HRM systems that better serve their needs.
The relationship between political instability and financial inclusion: Evidence from Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Alhassan Abidin , Li Leon , Reddy Krishna , Duppati Geeta 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhat is the effect of political instability on financial inclusion (FI) in the Middle East and North Africa region? Using data for 2011, 2014, and 2017, from the Global Findex database, we test the asymmetry relationship between political instability and FI using the probit model with sample selection and a multiplicative interaction test of the asymmetric model. We also propose and test a political stability threshold model that may trigger FI. We find that (a) political instability positively correlates with lower degrees of FI with higher levels of persistence; (b) higher incomes and higher education are associated with higher degrees of FI; (c) a lack of documentation required by formal financial institutions proves to be a major barrier to FI; and (d) inefficient mechanisms to determine real interest rates, corruption, oil reliance, unemployment, and religious tensions also negatively affect FI. Further, we calculate the political stability threshold level that will trigger FI to be ‐0.960 for the Middle East and North Africa region. The policymakers could enhance and promote FI and economic well‐being by targeting the minimum threshold value of political stability.
Determinants of stock market development and price volatility in ASEAN plus three countries: The role of institutional quality
Authors: Shi Yongming , Ahmed Khalid , Paramati Sudharshan Reddy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe present study investigates the determinants of stock market development and price volatility in a sample of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) plus three countries. More specifically, the study explores the role of institutional quality indicators on stock market development and volatility. To achieve the objectives of the study, we use annual data from 1991 to 2014 and employ panel cointegration test, fully modified ordinary least square method, and heterogeneous noncausality test. Our empirical findings confirm the significant long‐run relationship among the variables. Similarly, our results of long‐run elasticities on stock market development and volatility indicate that the institutional freedom indicators such as regulation, size of the government, sound money, and trade freedom have significant positive effect on stock market development, and these indicators, along with legal system, have substantial negative impact on stock price volatility. We also find significant short‐run causalities of stock market development and price volatility with the macroeconomic variables. Given these results, our study suggests that the institutional freedom indicators not only promote stock market development, but they also effectively reduce stock price volatility in ASEAN plus three countries.