bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supplemental Fibrinogen Restores Platelet Inhibitor-Induced Reduction in Thrombus Formation without Altering Platelet Function: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Bärnthaler Thomas , Mahla Elisabeth , Toth Gabor G. , Schuligoi Rufina , Prüller Florian , Buschmann Eva , Heinemann Akos 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground For patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy, standardized drug-specific 3-to-7 day cessation is recommended prior to major surgery to reach sufficient platelet function recovery. Here we investigated the hypothesis that supplemental fibrinogen might mitigate the inhibitory effects of antiplatelet therapy.Methods and Results To this end blood from healthy donors was treated in vitro with platelet inhibitors, and in vitro thrombus formation and platelet activation were assessed. Ticagrelor, acetylsalicylic acid, the combination of both, and tirofiban all markedly attenuated the formation of adherent thrombi, when whole blood was perfused through collagen-coated microchannels at physiological shear rates. Addition of fibrinogen restored in vitro thrombus formation in the presence of antiplatelet drugs and heparin. However, platelet activation, as investigated in assays of P-selectin expression and calcium flux, was not altered by fibrinogen supplementation. Most importantly, fibrinogen was able to restore in vitro thrombogenesis in patients on maintenance dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention.Conclusion Thus, our in vitro data support the notion that supplementation of fibrinogen influences the perioperative hemostasis in patients undergoing surgery during antiplatelet therapy by promoting thrombogenesis without significantly interfering with platelet activation.
Methodological practices in international business research: An after-action review of challenges and solutions
Authors: Aguinis Herman , Ramani Ravi S , Cascio Wayne F 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe combine after-action review and needs-assessment frameworks to describe the four most pervasive contemporary methodological challenges faced by international business (IB) researchers, as identified by authors ofJournal of International Business Studiesarticles: Psychometrically deficient measures (mentioned in 73% of articles), idiosyncratic samples or contexts (mentioned in 62.2% of articles), less-than-ideal research designs (mentioned in 62.2% of articles), and insufficient evidence about causal relations (mentioned in 8.1% of articles). Then, we offer solutions to address these challenges: demonstrating why and how the conceptualization of a construct is accurate given a particular context, specifying whether constructs are reflective or formative, taking advantage of the existence of multiple indicators to measure multi-dimensional constructs, using particular samples and contexts as vehicles for theorizing and further theory development, seeking out particular samples or contexts where hypotheses are more or less likely to be supported empirically, using Big Data techniques to take advantage of untapped sources of information and to re-analyze currently available data, implementing quasi-experiments, and conducting necessary-condition analysis. Our article aims to advance IB theory by tackling the most typical methodological challenges and is intended for researchers, reviewers and editors, research consumers, and instructors who are training the next generation of scholars.
The strength of phonological cues for noun categorization in child-directed speech
Authors: Feijoo Sara 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
One of the most important tasks for language learning children is the identification of the grammatical category to which
words belong. This is essential in order to be able to form grammatically correct utterances. The present study investigates how
phonological information might help English-learning infants in the categorization of nouns. We analyze four different corpora of English
child-directed speech in order to explore the reliability with which words are represented in mothers’ speech based on several phonological
criteria. The results of the analysis confirm the prediction that most of the nouns to which English-learning children are exposed share
several phonological characteristics, which would allow their early classification in the same grammatical category.
A multimodal cognitive analysis of visual metonymies in picture books featuring same-sex-parent families
Authors: Moya-Guijarro Arsenio Jesús , Ruiz Cordero Begoña 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVerbal metaphor and also metonymy have been theorized from a conceptual perspective since Lakoff and Johnson publishedMetaphors we live byin the 1980s. However, the final years of the twentieth century saw a new approach into non-verbal monomodal or multimodal tropes (Forceville & Urios-Aparisi, 2009). In an attempt to expand upon the theorization and communicative functions of visual metonymies, this study aims to explore the meaning potential of metonymic representations of characters in a sample of six picture books which portray same-sex-parent families. A multimodal cognitive approach has been adopted to find out whether, and if so how, metonymic representations of characters contribute to the positive portrayal and acceptance of same-sex-parent families in children’s picture books. The results reveal that monomodal visual metonymies are essentially used to introduce new characters in the story and highlight important aspects of the plot which boost the acceptance of non-traditional families.
‘I hear the smell of roses’
Authors: Mousavi S. Hamzeh , Amouzadeh Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates the synaesthetic constructions in Persian with the aim of finding out what motivates them despite their incongruous syntactic-semantic assignments. It is argued that these paradoxical elements require a metaphoric/metonymic frame to assign appropriate lexical units (LUs) to their corresponding syntactic categories (NP + rɑ +VP and NP + AP). The discrepancy derives from the semantic aspects for which frame semantics provides two types of explanations: internal and external frame factors. Internal factors deal with the metaphoric/metonymic compatibility or similarity between frames, while external factors underline the use of lexical items from one subframe to fill the vocabulary gap of a different subframe. The argument is that this gap owes much to the indirect contact between the Phenomenon (e.g., an odorous substance) and the Body-part (e.g., nose) that perceives it. In short, the analysis of our data reveals that synaesthesia is not only an economical strategy for modifying the senses, but also a natural mental strategy for interpreting vague experiences. A configuration of the incongruent construction of ‘smell’ and ‘hearing’ will be proposed to generalize such an analysis.
Dialogic constructions and discourse units:
Authors: Geka Vassiliki , Marmaridou Sophia , Nikiforidou Kiki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Adopting a constructionally-oriented analysis, the present paper examines the pattern ‘think again’ (i.e., an instance of a
mental state verb + adverbial adjunct) in synchronic, corpus-derived data. On the basis of both qualitative and quantitative analyses we
show that think again merits constructional status in language; while it inherits features of fully-compositional meaning from its
constituents it has also developed its own idiosyncratic properties. We further argue that think again may ultimately function as a
discourse marker of challenge that regulates the relationship between Speaker (S) and Addressee (A), correlating with certain contextual
regularities and interdependencies. It thus qualifies as a discourse construction that imposes a dialogic construal on its context and
contributes fundamentally to discourse unit delimitation.
Less is more
Authors: Li Heng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
According to the Body-Specificity Hypothesis, humans preferentially associate positive features with their dominant side with which they interact more fluently, and negatives features with their non-dominant side with which they act more clumsily. The current research investigated implicit space-valence mappings in two clinical populations, namely, patients with unilateral stroke and individuals who suffered the loss of a limb. Across the two studies, our findings offered general support for the Body-Specificity Hypothesis with important caveats. Specifically, the body-specificity effect was more detectable in the two groups of right-handed individuals with motor fluency impairment on their left side than healthy controls. This is possibly because the former can gain more fluent experience with their dominant hand since they exclusively use the intact hand for self-sufficiency, which may increase their bias toward “right-is-good” pattern. Taken together, the results provided converging evidence that individual differences in action fluency may moderate the body-specificity effect.
Between the Agency and the Court: Ex Ante Review of Regulations
Authors: Asimow Michael , Bocksang Hola Gabriel , Cirotteau Marie , Dotan Yoav , Perroud Thomas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Administrative regulations are an important tool of modern government, but their legitimacy is often questioned since they are adopted by the executive branch rather than the legislature. Judicial review of the legality of regulations is necessary but not sufficient as an accountability mechanism because judicial review is subject to many practical and legal shortcomings, especially including its high cost. Consequently, the vast majority of regulations are never subject to judicial review, which creates an accountability deficit. This deficit can be remedied through ex ante administrative review of the legality of regulations by an executive branch agency that is independent of the adopting agency. This Article evaluates executive branch ex ante legality review schemes in California, Chile, Israel, and France. Although these regulatory review schemes vary greatly, each of them scrutinizes the substantive and procedural legality of regulations (as distinguished from their economic or environmental effect or their political acceptability). This review takes place before the regulations are judicially reviewed and before they become effective. Ex ante administrative review can compensate for the failings of judicial review, promote the rule of law, and enhance the legitimacy of the regulatory process.
The English Navy in the Twelfth Century
Authors: Sequeira Susan Raich 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article investigates the naval strategies of England’s post-Conquest kings, especially from c.1100–1189, a period for which modern scholarship has yet to recognise the existence of a royal navy. It demonstrates that post-Conquest kings deployed warships, summoned defensive fleets, and launched their own invasion navies throughout the long twelfth century. Previously unnoticed evidence for the maintenance of warships under Henry II is discussed and records of fleet recruitment are used to shed light on the systems behind naval levies. Given all this evidence, it can firmly be concluded that there was a navy at the disposal of England’s Anglo-Norman and Angevin kings. The origins of this navy are twofold. Firstly, twelfth-century tactics drew on Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Danish systems and precedents, suggesting the long continuity of post-Conquest naval activities rather than sudden naval innovation under any particular king. The ‘English navy’ therefore did not decline after the Norman Conquest, nor was it a new foundation of Richard I. Secondly, England’s twelfth-century rulers relied upon the maritime skills and co-operation of coastal and port inhabitants across the realm. These coastal denizens’ motivations for participation in royal navies reveal both the extent and the limitations of English royal power. Royal naval activities took place against the backdrop of a European north that was becoming ever more connected by sea routes. English navies were therefore a crucial component of territorial expansion and warfare across a realm situated in the midst of extensive pan-European trading networks.
Examination of tracheal allografts after long-term survival in dogs
Authors: Lu Tao , Huang Yiwei , Qiao Yulei , Zhang Yongxing , Liu Yu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Little is known on the outcome of tracheal allografts after long-term survival. This study aimed to explore the changes in structure and composition by evaluating the status of the mucosa and cartilage of allografts with long-term survival in dogs.

METHODS
Eight tracheal allografts that survived for ˃9 months were enrolled in our study. Epithelium, revascularization, monocyte infiltration and fibrosis were evaluated histologically. The fluorescent dye 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole was used to evaluate the presence of chondrocyte nuclei. Glycosaminoglycan was detected using safranin-O staining and collagen II was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS
The 8 animals survived from 277 to 783 days. Bronchoscopy demonstrated that 6 allografts showed no stenosis; 2 cases developed slight stenosis, but could maintain airway patency. Histological examination showed that the epithelium covered the surface of the allografts. In comparison to fresh tracheal controls, allografts demonstrated mild monocyte infiltration, evident revascularization and mild fibrosis in the mucosa or submucosa (all P &lt; 0.05). There were a few viable chondrocytes scattered in the cartilage after long-term survival. Moreover, glycosaminoglycan and collagen II were significantly decreased in the allografts compared with fresh trachea (all P &lt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
For tracheal allografts with long-term survival after transplantation, only a few viable chondrocytes were retained, and the extracellular matrix of the cartilage demonstrated degeneration. Despite this, the airway could maintain patency. Notably, the significance of monocyte infiltration in the mucosa or submucosa at different time points warrants further study.
Utilization and procedural adverse outcomes associated with Watchman device implantation
Authors: Khalil Fouad , Arora Shilpkumar , Killu Ammar M , Tripathi Byomesh , DeSimone Christopher V , Egbe Alexander , Noseworthy Peter A , Kapa Suraj , Mulpuru Siva , Gersh Bernard , Mohamad Alkhouli , Friedman Paul , Holmes David , Deshmukh Abhishek J 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAims The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the Watchman device [percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO)] has resulted in the widespread use of this procedure in many centres across the USA. We sought to estimate the nationwide utilization and frequency of adverse outcomes associated with Watchman device implantation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Watchman device implantation peri-procedural complications and comparison of the results with the previous studies.Methods and results The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) was queried for all hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter during the year 2016 with percutaneous LAAO during the same admission (ICD-10 code—02L73DK). The frequency of peri-procedural complications, including mortality, procedure-related stroke, major bleeding requiring blood transfusion, and pericardial effusion, was assessed. We compared the complication rates with the published randomized controlled trials and the European Watchman registry. An estimated 5175 LAAO procedures were performed in 2016. The majority of procedures was performed in males (59.1%), age ≥75 years (58.7%), and White (83.1%). The overall complication rate was 1.9%. The in-hospital mortality was 0.29%. Pericardial effusion requiring pericardiocentesis was the most frequent complication (0.68%). Bleeding requiring transfusion was noted in 0.1% of device implants. The rates of post-procedure stroke and systemic embolism were 0% and 0.29%, respectively.Conclusion Percutaneous LAAO with the Watchman device in the USA is associated with low in-hospital complications and a similar safety profile to a recently published EWOLUTION cohort. The complication rates were lower than those reported in the major randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We report the frequency of peri-procedural complications of the LAAO using the Watchman device from the NIS database. We also compare the frequency of peri-procedural complications with the previously published RCTs and EWOLUTION cohort. Our findings are in concordance with findings from EWOLUTION cohort and compare favourably with RCTs.
Genetic Signatures of Evolution of the Pluripotency Gene Regulating Network across Mammals
Authors: Endo Yoshinori , Kamei Ken-ichiro , Inoue-Murayama Miho 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMammalian pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have distinct molecular and biological characteristics among species, but to date we lack a comprehensive understanding of regulatory network evolution in mammals. Here, we carried out a comparative genetic analysis of 134 genes constituting the pluripotency gene regulatory network across 48 mammalian species covering all the major taxonomic groups. We report that mammalian genes in the pluripotency regulatory network show a remarkably high degree of evolutionary stasis, suggesting the conservation of fundamental biological process of mammalian PSCs across species. Nevertheless, despite the overall conservation of the regulatory network, we discovered rapid evolution of the downstream targets of the core regulatory elements and specific amino acid residues that have undergone positive selection. Our data indicate development of lineage-specific pluripotency regulating networks that may explain observed variations in some characteristics of mammalian PSCs. We further revealed that positively selected genes could be associated with species’ unique adaptive characteristics that were not dedicated to regulation of PSCs. These results provide important insight into the evolution of the pluripotency gene regulatory network underlying variations in characteristics of mammalian PSCs.
Burden, prevention and control of tobacco consumption in Nepal: a narrative review of existing evidence
Authors: Khanal Geha Nath , Khatri Resham Bahadur 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTobacco consumption is one of the major public health problems in the world. Annually, 27 100 premature deaths are attributed to tobacco-related diseases in Nepal. Despite enacting different policies and strategies, the prevalence of tobacco consumption is still high. This study aims to synthesize prevalence, factors associated with its consumption and the policy initiatives for prevention and control in Nepal. This review includes peer-reviewed studies retrieved from two databases (PubMed and EMBASE) and published from 2000 to 2018, and policy initiatives on tobacco prevention and regulations in Nepal. A total of 32 studies and 5 policy documents were reviewed. Findings suggest that tobacco consumption was higher among men, illiterates, older people, people living in rural and mountainous areas and those who initiated smoking as adolescents. Peer pressure and parental/family smoking were major contributing factors for tobacco initiation. Policy analysis showed that low excise tax, weak monitoring mechanisms, poor compliance to bans on the advertisement and promotion of tobacco, smoke-free zones and insufficient programs on tobacco cessation were the major factors behind weak implementation of tobacco-control policies. Hence, targeted and high-risk group tobacco-cessation interventions, increasing taxation and strict policy implementation are crucial for effective tobacco prevention and control in Nepal.
Recommendations for Testing and Treating Outpatient Cancer Patients in the Era of COVID-19
Authors: Reidy-Lagunes Diane , Saltz Leonard , Postow , Michael , Scordo , Michael , Moskowitz Alison , Tew William , Zamarin Dmitriy , Redelman-Sidi Gil 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe clinical spectrum of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still not fully understood. Cancer patients are uniquely vulnerable to COVID-19, and many have been or will be infected. Although an unfortunate minority will die from the infection, most will recover. This poses a challenge in which clinicians must weigh the benefits of initiation or resumption of antineoplastic therapy against the risks that antineoplastic treatment may worsen outcomes related to COVID-19 infection. A recent study of 423 patients at our institution found that patients in active cancer treatment who develop COVID-19 infection did not fare any worse than other hospitalized patients, yet guidance as to who requires testing prior to antineoplastic therapy and when to resume therapy post–COVID-19 diagnosis remains unknown. Our institution, therefore, commissioned a task force to help create guidelines for treating oncologists using available published literature. The task force focused on the ambulatory care testing guidelines only, because all inpatients receiving antineoplastic therapy are tested for COVID-19 prior to hospital admission. The guidelines focus solely on the safety and well-being of the individual patient undergoing antineoplastic therapy and are not designed to address infection control issues.
Total Error and Variability Measures for the Quarterly Workforce Indicators and LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics in Onthemap
Authors: Mckinney Kevin L , Green Andrew S , Vilhuber Lars , Abowd John M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We report results from the first comprehensive total quality evaluation of five major indicators in the U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD) Program Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI): total flow-employment, beginning-of-quarter employment, full-quarter employment, average monthly earnings of full-quarter employees, and total quarterly payroll. Beginning-of-quarter employment is also the main tabulation variable in the LEHD Origin-Destination Employment Statistics (LODES) workplace reports as displayed in OnTheMap (OTM), including OTM for Emergency Management. We account for errors due to coverage; record-level non-response; edit and imputation of item missing data; and statistical disclosure limitation. The analysis reveals that the five publication variables under study are estimated very accurately for tabulations involving at least 10 jobs. Tabulations involving three to nine jobs are a transition zone, where cells may be fit for use with caution. Tabulations involving one or two jobs, which are generally suppressed on fitness-for-use criteria in the QWI and synthesized in LODES, have substantial total variability but can still be used to estimate statistics for untabulated aggregates as long as the job count in the aggregate is more than 10.