bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic analysis for Biosynthesis and Metabolic Pathway of Elsinochrome Toxin produced by Elsinoë arachidis
Authors: Jiao Wenli , Xu Mengxue , Zhou Rujun , Liu Lu , Li Zibo , Xue Caiyun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Elsinoë arachidis, an important peanut pathogenic fungus that distributes widely and leads to large-scale losses in peanut producing regions in China, produce elsinochromes (ESCs) as the vital toxin through pathogenic process. However, the biosynthesis of elsinochromes have not been investigated and the transcriptional response of the light on synthesis of elsinochrome in Elsinoë is poorly understood. Results: In this paper, high-quality genome of E. arachidis by PacBio RS II sequencing method was reported. The 33.18Mb genome encodes 9056 predicted genes, of which the proportion of genes encoding secreted proteins 8.0% (734 secreted proteins), 124 transporter-related genes, 949 signal peptides, 1,829 transmembrane protein-coding genes, 127 non-coding RNAs and 13 pseudogenes. Mapped the E. arachidis assembly to 16 scaffold that contain 86 secondary metabolites gene clusters, including six polyketide synthase gene clusters encoding two melanin, one elsinochromes and three T-toxin were also identified in the genome. Additionally, ESC biosynthesis-related gene cluster predicted to contain ESCB1 which was high expression under light condition. Conclusion: Analysis of genomic information of E. arachidis lays a solid molecular data foundation for further exploration of pathogenic mechanisms and toxin biosynthesis pathways. Taken together, we provide a valuable foundation in the biosynthesis of elsinochrome and essential information for further comprehend its virulence mechanism.
Electroclinical characteristics of seizures arising from the posterior cingulate cortex and surgical outcomes based on stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)
Authors: Yan Zhaofen , Wang Jing , Deng Qin Qin , Yang Yujiao , Feng Xing , Zhou Jian , Guan YuGuang , Zhai Feng , Wang Mengyang , Luan Guoming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Seizures arising from the posterior cingulate cortex are rare, and few studies have to characterized the clinical presentation of such seizures within the anatomic context of the limbic network. We aimed to characterize the electrophysiological properties and clinical features of seizures arising from the PCC and surgical outcomes based on data from stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG).Methods The present retrospective study included 12 patients with medically intractable epilepsy, all diagnosed with posterior cingulate epilepsy via stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) at Sanbo Hospital between 2014 and 2018.This retrospective analysis included clinical semiology, scalp EEG/SEEG findings and surgical outcomes of twelve intractable PCE patients.Results Six of the twelve patients reported auras, including vestibular responses (3/6),blurred vision (2/6), and fear and déjà vu(1/6). Clinical semiology included dialeptic seizures(3/12),automotor seizures(4/12) and complex motor behaviours(5/12).The classifications of scalp EEG varied, including bilateral regional posterior temporal-occipital discharges in eight cases, regional anterior-middle temporal discharges in two cases, and no epileptic discharge in two cases.In five patients, ictal onset occurred mainly in the tempo–parietal–occipital area.In ten patients, the seizure onset zone by SEEG occurred in the posterior cingulate gyrus, which spread to the medial temporal, precuneus, inferior parietal lobe and long insular gyrus. However, for the two patients with posterior cingulate lesions, the seizure onset zone was the contralateral hippocampal head that spread to the posterior cingulate lesion. One patient was seizure free after posterior cingulate gyrus lesion resection, but another had 50% fewer seizures by using SEEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation. Nine patients who underwent epilepsy surgery were seizure-free(Engel IA: 7/9;EngelIB: 2/9).One patient showed a 30% reduction in seizures by using SEEG-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation but not surgical resection.Conclusions Our findings indicate that the clinical characteristics of posterior cingulate epilepsy vary among patients, and recognition of a posterior cingulate focus is challenging, especially with MRI-negative epilepsies.Scalp EEG is of little use when attempting to localize posterior cingulate seizures.For patients with pharmacoresistant posterior cingulateepilepsy, favourable outcomes (Engel class I) could be observed by using SEEG.The SEEG findingsin PCE showed that the seizure onset zone and epileptogenic zone were a set of interconnected regional systems.Clinical trial registration Restrospective case reports do NOT need registration of clinical trials.
Microorganisms during cocoa fermentation: systematic review
Authors: Ordoñez-Araque Roberto H. , Landines-Vera Edgar F. , Urresto-Villegas Julio C. , Caicedo-Jaramillo Carla F. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) originates from Ecuador. It is one of the oldest foods in the world. The fact that cocoa is the main component in chocolate industry makes it one of the most quoted raw materials today. The chemical, physical, microbiological, and sensory properties of cocoa determine its quality and, as a result, economic and nutritional value. The research objective was to conduct a detailed analysis of cocoa fermentation process and to study the transformations this raw material is subjected to during processing.
Study objects and methods. The present article introduces a substantial bibliographic review based on three databases: Science Direct, Scopus, and Medline. The scientific publications were selected according to several factors. First, they had to be relevant in terms of cocoa fermentation. Second, they were written in English or Spanish. Third, the papers were indexed in high-impact journals. The initial selection included 350 articles, while the final list of relevant publications featured only 50 works that met all the requirements specified above.
Results and discussion. The main characteristics of yeasts, lactic bacteria, and acetic bacteria were analyzed together with their main parameters to describe their activities during different stages of alcoholic, lactic, and acetic fermentation. A thorough analysis of the main enzyme-related processes that occur during fermentation makes it possible to optimize the use of substrates, temperature, time, pH, acidity, and nutrients. As a result, the finished product contains an optimal concentration of volatile compounds that are formed in the beans during fermentation. The study featured the main strains of fermentation-related microorganisms, their activities, main reactions, and products.
Conclusion. This study makes it possible to improve the process of fermentation to obtain beans with a better chemical composition.
Efficacy of the Ascure Smoking Cessation Program: Retrospective Study
Authors: Kato Ayaka , Tanigawa Tomoyuki , Satake Kohta , Nomura Akihiro 
Published: April 2020

Background
Smoking cessation helps extend a healthy life span and reduces medical expenses. However, the standard 12-week smoking cessation program in Japan has several notable problems. First, only 30% of participants complete this program. Second, participants may choose not to participate unless they have a strong motivation to quit smoking, such as health problems. Third, the program does not provide enough support during the period between clinical visits and after 12 weeks.

Objective
This study examined the efficacy of the 24-week ascure program to address the problems of accessibility and continuous support. The program combines online mentoring, over-the-counter pharmacotherapy, and a smartphone app.

Methods
Using a retrospective study design, we investigated data for 177 adult smokers who were enrolled in the ascure smoking cessation program between August 2017 and August 2018. The primary outcomes were continuous abstinence rates (CARs) during weeks 9-12 and weeks 21-24. To confirm smoking status, we performed salivary cotinine testing at weeks 12 and 24. We also evaluated the program adherence rate. Finally, we performed exploratory analysis to determine the factors associated with continuous abstinence at weeks 21-24 to provide insights for assisting with long-term continuous abstinence.

Results
The CARs of all participants for weeks 9-12 and weeks 21-24 were 48.6% (95% CI 41.2-56.0) and 47.5% (95% CI 40.0-54.8), respectively. Program adherence rates were relatively high throughout (72% at week 12 and 60% at week 24). In the analysis of the factors related to the CAR at weeks 21-24, the number of entries in the app’s digital diary and number of educational videos watched during the first 12 weeks were significant factors.

Conclusions
The ascure program achieved favorable CARs, and participants showed high adherence. Proactive usage of the smartphone app may help contribute to smoking cessation success in the long-term.
Self-Perceptions of Readiness to Use Electronic Health Records Among Medical Students: Survey Study
Authors: Lander Lina , Baxter Sally L , Cochran Gary L , Gali Helena E , Cook Kristen , Hatch Thomas , Taylor Regan , Awdishu Linda 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundAlthough several national organizations have declared the ability to work with electronic health records (EHRs) as a core competency of medical education, EHR education and use among medical students vary widely. Previous studies have reported EHR tasks performed by medical students, but students’ self-perceived readiness and comfort with EHRs are relatively unknown.ObjectiveThis study aimed to better understand medical students’ self-perceived readiness to use EHRs to identify potential curricular gaps and inform future training efforts based on students’ perspectives.MethodsThe authors deployed a survey investigating self-perceived comfort with EHRs at 2 institutions in the United States in May 2019. Descriptive statistics were generated regarding demographics, comfort level with various EHR-related tasks, and cross-institutional comparisons. We also assessed the impact of extracurricular EHR experience on comfort level.ResultsIn total, 147 medical students responded, of which 80 (54.4%) were female, with equal distribution across all 4 years of training. Overall confidence was generally higher for students with longer extracurricular EHR experience, even when adjusted for age, gender, year of training, and institution. Students were most comfortable with tasks related to looking up information in the EHR and felt less comfortable with tasks related to entering new information and managing medications. Fourth-year students at both schools reported similar levels of comfort with EHR use, despite differences in preclinical EHR training. Open-ended comments emphasized the value of experiential training over didactic formats.ConclusionsInformation entry and medication management in the EHR represent areas for future curricular development. Experiential training via extracurricular activities and early clinical exposure may be high-yield approaches to help medical students achieve critical EHR competencies.
Legal Politics of Bureaucratic Reform in Really Good Governance According to Prophetical Law
Authors: Asyikin Nehru 
Published: April 2020

Politik hukum dalam reformasi birokrasi pemerintahan sejatinya untuk terus melakukan perbaikan agar menjadi pelayan masyarakat dan mewujudkan good governance. Negara menempatkan diri sebagai pelayan publik memiliki perangkat pada jabatan-jabatan struktural dan jabatan fungsional. Problematik mengenai perilaku Korupsi, Kolusi, Nepotisme di wilayah birokrasi bukan karena payung hukum di Indonesia tidak kuat namun secara subyektif setiap aparatur sipil negara atau Pegawai Negeri Sipil belum sepenuhnya memiliki sifat-sfat sebagaimana dalam konsep profetik. Di sisi lain, profetik sendiri menjadi kebutuhan manakala Aparatur Sipil Negara atau Pegawai Negeri Sipil terus mengalami perubahan sosial, ekonomi, politik yang seiring berganti-ganti. Sehingga di harapkan konsep profetik ini menjadi cita-cita sosial etitknya di masa depan dan sebagai buku panduan setiap Aparatur Sipil Negara dan Pegawai Negeri Sipil di dalam jiwanya dalam menjalankan tugas pelayanan publik.
Upaya Peningkatan Pemahaman Terhadap Bahaya Sampah Plastik Dan Pengolahannya Bagi Siswa-Siswi SMA Negeri 3 Kota Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Baunsele Anselmus Boy , Bulin Christiani Dewi Q. M. , Missa Hildegardis 
Published: April 2020

Plastic waste is a topic that is always discussed in academic studies, especially regarding for the environment. Plastic waste causes natural damage whether it is biotik or abiotik environment. Lack of understanding of the plastic waste dangers caused tless of the environment concern. This is illustrated by the behavoir of throwing plastic waste not on the rubbish bin. By the socialization of plastic waste education and its utilization, it is expected can improve the intellectual understanding about the risk of plastic waste. This activity was initiated by a group of young people in the Kupang city whose joined to the community of "Saya Pilih Bumi" in Kupang regional by involving speakers from Widya Mandira Catholic University of Kupang City. The method of carrying out the socialization activities is by surveying and requesting permission to the school, then two activities are carried out there are education of plastic waste and plastic waste treatment. The success of these program was indicated by the students enthusiasm in the discussion session and the results of processing plastic waste yield some goods like flower pots, pencil cases and other accessories.abstrakSampah plastik adalah topik yang selalu dibahas dalam studi akademik, terutama mengenai lingkungan. Sampah plastik menyebabkan kerusakan alam baik itu lingkungan biotik atau abiotik. Kurangnya pemahaman tentang bahaya limbah menyebabkan kepedulian yang rendah terhadap lingkungan. Hal ini digambarkan oleh kebiasaan membuang sampah tidak pada tempatnya. Melalui kegiatan edukasi sampah plastik dan pemanfaatannya, diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan kesadaran intelektual akan bahaya sampah plastik. Kegiatan ini diprakarsai oleh sekelompok anak muda di kota Kupang yang tergabung dalam komunitas "Saya Pilih Bumi" regional Kupang dengan melibatkan pembicara dari Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira Kupang. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan sosialisasi adalah dengan melakukan survey dan meminta izin ke sekolah mitra, Kemudian dilakukan dua kegiatan yaitu edukasi sampah dan pengolahan sampah plastik. Indikator ketercapaian pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah antusiasme siswa dalam sesi diskusi dan hasil pengolahan sampah plastik dalam bentuk fas bunga, tempat pensil dan aksesoris lainnya.
Pengaruh Promosi, Kualitas Pelayanan, Dan Motivasi Terhadap Keputusan Memilih Produk Tabungan Emas di Pegadaian Syari’ah
Authors: Hidayah Aulia , Malarangan Hilal , Fatma Fatma 
Published: April 2020

Pada penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menguji pengaruh promosi, kualitas pelayanan, dan motivasi terhadap keputusan memilih produk tabungan emas di pegadaian syariah. Sampel penelitian ini adalah nasabah tabungan emas di pegadaian syariah cabang palu plaza.Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, angket/kuesioner dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 92 sampel. Tekni pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi Berganda. Analisis data akan dilakukan setelah mentabulasi data kemudian melakukan uji validitas dan realibilitas lalu dilanjutkan dengan mengolah data menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 16.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, sesuai dengan rumusan masalah dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas Pelayanan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap keputusan memilih produk, sedangkan promosi dan motivasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan memilih produk.Dari Kesimpulan diatas disarankan, pegadaianharuslah memberikan informasi yang sangatjelas dan mudah dipahami oleh nasabah serta perlu adanya rasa perhatian yang bersifat Individual oleh pegawai kepada nasabah ketika melakukan promosi baik secara langsung maupun dalam bentuk media/brosur.
Pengaruh Strategi Pemasaran Terhadap Minat Nasabah Memilih Produk Tabungan Ib Baitullah Hasannah Pada Bank BNI Syariah Cabang Palu
Authors: Apriliani Nunung Dini , Bachmid Sofyan , Saifullah Saifullah 
Published: April 2020

Tulisan ini membahas pengaruh strategi pemasaran terhadap minat nasabah dalam memn\ilih produk tabungan Ib Baitullah Hasanah pada Bank BNI Syariah Palu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Jumlah responden penelitian ini adalah 99 orang yang merupakan nasabah ban BNI Syariah Palu. Sampel diambil secara acak dan kemudian dibagikan kuesiner dengan skala Likert 5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk, promosi dan harga berpengaruh simultan dan signifikan terhadapminat nasabah memilih produk tabungan iB Baitullah Hasanah pada Bank BNI Syariah cabang Palu. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penelitian yang telah diteliti oleh peneliti menunjukkan bahwa dari hasil uji F diperoleh nilai Fhitung> Ftabel yaitu 8.566> Ftabel 3.09dengan nilai probabilitas sebesar 0.000 berarti lebih kecil dari 0.05 maka H4 diterima. Yang artinya produk, promosi dam harga berpengaruh secara simultan dan signifikanterhadap minat nasabah memilih produk tabungan iB Baitullah Hasanah pada Bank BNI Syariah cabang Palu
Pengaruh Motivasi Terhadap Produktivitas Kerja (Studi Pada Karyawan Bank Syariah Mandiri Palu)
Authors: Nurwinda Nurwinda , Malkan Malkan , Harun Ubay , Pratamasyari Dede Arseyani 
Published: April 2020

Tulisan ini membahas pengaruh motivasi terhadap produktivitas kerja pada karyawan Bank Syariah Mandiri Palu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Jumlah responden penelitian ini adalah 38 orang yang merupakan karyawan Bank Mandiri Syariah Palu. Sampel ini merupakan sampel populasi karena seluruh karyawan dijadikan sampel penelitian ini kemudian dibagikan kuesiner dengan skala Likert 5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanggapan responden terhadap penilaian motivasi menunjukkan nilai bobot rata-rata sebesar 160. Berdasarkan rentang klasifikasi termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Hasil ini menandakan bahwa secara keseluruhan motivasi karyawan pada Bank Syariah Mandiri Area Palu sangat baik. Hasil tanggapan responden terhadap penilaian produktivitas kerja menunjukkan nilai bobot rata-rata sebesar 150. Berdasarkan rentang klasifikasi termasuk kategori baik. Hasil ini berartibahwa secara keseluruhan produktivitas kerja karyawan pada Bank Syariah Mandiri Area Palu sudah baik namun dimensi sikap mental memiliki nilai bobot di bawah bobot rata-rata variabel produktivitas kerja.
Pengaruh Atribut Produk Tabungan Faedah Terhadap Minat Menabung Nasabah
Authors: Ashar Fathnun , Aisyah Siti , Syafaat Muhammad 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh atribut produk tabungan Faedah terhadap minat menabung Nasabah pada BRI Syariah Palu. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 99 orang. Sampel dipilih secara acak pada bank BRI Syariah Palu. Data diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil Analisa data dapat diketahui bahwa variabel tentang atribut produk memiliki nilai t-hitung sebesar 7,129 > nilai t-tabel sebesar 1,988, serta tingkat signifikannya lebih besar dari taraf kepercayaan sebesar 10% yaitu 0,000 < 0,05. Dengan demikian nilai tersebut menunjukan bahwa variabel atribut produk (X) memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel minat menabung (Y). Maka dari pembahasan ini menunjukan bahwa variabel atribut produk mempengaruhi minat menabung nasabah di BRI Syariah KC Palu Wolter Monginsidi. Hasil penelitan ini memberi kontribusi baik secara akademik maupun praktis bagi pihak lembaga keuangan.
Ethno-political challenges: reflection in the theoretical discourse and tools of state national policy
Authors: Bakhlov I. V. , Bakhlova O. V. 
Published: April 2020

Introduction. The multilayered and contradictory development of the world, countries and regions against the backdrop of the consequences of globalization and international confrontation complicates the formulation and solution of internal management tasks, the choice of the optimal strategy and tactics for responding to rapidly changing situations, or, conversely, attempts to revive archaic institutions that reject the values of intercivilization dialogue. The purpose of this article is to identify and evaluate the place of the ethno-political challenges among the tools of the state national policy of the Russian Federation evidenced with relevant strategic planning documents.Materials and methods. The research was based on the study of official documents of the Russian Federation in the framework of the goal-setting and contextual analysis of political discourse, taking into account the concept of articulation. Methods of systematic and comparative analysis, political diagnostics were also used.The results of the research. The analysis made it possible to detect a significant, but not absolute correlation in the interpretation of ethno-political challenges for Russia in the considered strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation. It is shown that the meaning-forming plots of the official discourse in the ethno-political perspective have a largely conservative essence, referring to traditional values, preserving the identity of Russia as a civilization. Simultaneously it emphasizes the rejection of insularity, isolation, calls for activity in the international stage in various formats, for internal transformations. A certain coincidence of priority tasks in the context of actualized challenges in the field of interethnic relations, regional and spatial development of the country is revealed.Discussion and conclusions. The necessity of clarifying some of the provisions of the current strategic planning documents of the Russian Federation and of eliminating bottlenecks in them that do not agree with the modern discursive practices and the needs of managing the ethno-political sphere is substantiated. The authors proposed measures for improving the legislative support of ethnological examination, its practical implementation, expanding sociological and ethno-political monitoring with the integration of structures at the federal and regional levels and increasing attention to the local (municipal) level, early diagnosis and prevention of conflict situations, support for domestic culture and art, moral shaping of the elite and the training of personnel reserve in the spirit of awareness of belonging to the all-Russian civil nation.