bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closed sets of finitary functions between finite fields of coprime order
Authors: Fioravanti Stefano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe investigate the finitary functions from a finite field $$\mathbb {F}_q$$

F
q

to the finite field $$\mathbb {F}_p$$

F
p

, where p and q are powers of different primes. An $$(\mathbb {F}_p,\mathbb {F}_q)$$

(

F
p

,

F
q

)

-linearly closed clonoid is a subset of these functions which is closed under composition from the right and from the left with linear mappings. We give a characterization of these subsets of functions through the invariant subspaces of the vector space $$\mathbb {F}_p^{\mathbb {F}_q\backslash \{0\}}$$

F
p

F
q

\

{
0
}

with respect to a certain linear transformation with minimal polynomial $$x^{q-1} - 1$$

x

q
-
1

-
1

. Furthermore we prove that each of these subsets of functions is generated by one unary function.
Wheel shape optimization approaches to reduce railway rolling noise
Authors: Garcia-Andrés X. , Gutiérrez-Gil J. , Martínez-Casas J. , Denia F. D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA wheel shape optimization of a railway wheel cross section by means of Genetic Algorithms (GAs) is presented with the aim of minimizing rolling noise radiation. Two different approaches have been implemented with this purpose, one centred on direct Sound poWer Level (SWL) minimization, calculated using TWINS methodology, and another one emphasizing computational efficiency, focused on natural frequencies maximization. Numerical simulations are carried out with a Finite Element Method (FEM) model using general axisymmetric elements. The design space is defined by a geometric parametrization of the wheel cross section with four parameters: wheel radius, a web thickness factor, fillet radius and web offset. For all wheel candidates, a high-cycle fatigue analysis has been performed according to actual standards, in order to assure structural feasibility. Rolling noise reductions have been achieved, with a decrease of up to 5 dB(A) when considering the wheel component. Response surfaces have been also computed to study the dependency of the objective functions on the geometric parameters and to test the adequacy of the optimization algorithm applied.
Influence of cycling profile, depth of discharge and temperature on commercial LFP/C cell ageing: post-mortem material analysis of structure, morphology and chemical composition
Authors: Simolka M. , Heger J. -F. , Kaess H. , Biswas I. , Friedrich K. A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper presents post-mortem analysis of commercial LiFePO4 battery cells, which are aged at 55 °C and − 20 °C using dynamic current profiles and different depth of discharges (DOD). Post-mortem analysis focuses on the structure of the electrodes using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the chemical composition changes using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that ageing at lower DOD results in higher capacity fading compared to higher DOD cycling. The anode surface aged at 55 °C forms a dense cover on the graphite flakes, while at the anode surface aged at − 20 °C lithium plating and LiF crystals are observed. As expected, Fe dissolution from the cathode and deposition on the anode are observed for the ageing performed at 55 °C, while Fe dissolution and deposition are not observed at − 20 °C. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the surface conductivity is examined, which shows only minor degradation for the cathodes aged at − 20 °C. The cathodes aged at 55 °C exhibit micrometer size agglomerates of nanometer particles on the cathode surface. The results indicate that cycling at higher SOC ranges is more detrimental and low temperature cycling mainly affects the anode by the formation of plated Li.

Graphic abstract
Simultaneous impact of atorvastatin and mesenchymal stem cells for glioblastoma multiform suppression in rat glioblastoma multiform model
Authors: Goodarzi Arash , Khanmohammadi Mehdi , Ai Arman , Khodayari Hamid , Ai Armin , Farahani Morteza Sagharjoghi , Khodayari Saeed , Ebrahimi-Barough Somayeh , Mohandesnezhad Sanam , Ai Jafar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma multiform (GBM) is known as an aggressive glial neoplasm. Recently incorporation of mesenchymal stem cells with anti-tumor drugs have been used due to lack of immunological responses and their easy accessibility. In this study, we have investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity of atorvastatin (Ator) in combination of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. The MSCs isolated from rats and characterized for their multi-potency features. The anti-proliferative and migration inhibition of Ator and MSCs were evaluated by MTT and scratch migration assays. The annexin/PI percentage and cell cycle arrest of treated C6 cells were evaluated until 72 h incubation. The animal model was established via injection of C6 cells in the brain of rats and subsequent injection of Ator each 3 days and single injection of MSCs until 12 days. The growth rate, migrational phenotype and cell cycle progression of C6 cells decreased and inhibited by the interplay of different factors in the presence of Ator and MSCs. The effect of Ator and MSCs on animal models displayed a significant reduction in tumor size and weight. Furthermore, histopathology evaluation proved low hypercellularity and mitosis index as well as mild invasive tumor cells for perivascular cuffing without pseudopalisading necrosis and small delicate vessels in Ator + MSCs condition. In summary, Ator and MSCs delivery to GBM model provides an effective strategy for targeted therapy of brain tumor.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery does not alter the copy number aberration profile in sporadic vestibular schwannoma
Authors: Håvik Aril Løge , Bruland Ove , Dhayalan Dhanushan , Lund-Johansen Morten , Knappskog Per-Morten 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Ionizing radiation is a known etiologic factor in tumorigenesis and its role in inducing malignancy in the treatment of vestibular schwannoma has been debated. The purpose of this study was to identify a copy number aberration (CNA) profile or specific CNAs associated with radiation exposure which could either implicate an increased risk of malignancy or elucidate a mechanism of treatment resistance.

Methods
55 sporadic VS, including 18 treated with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS), were subjected to DNA whole-genome microarray and/or whole-exome sequencing. CNAs were called and statistical tests were performed to identify any association with radiation exposure. Hierarchical clustering was used to identify CNA profiles associated with radiation exposure.

Results

A median of 7 (0–58) CNAs were identified across the 55 VS. Chromosome 22 aberration was the only recurrent event. A median aberrant cell fraction of 0.59 (0.25–0.94) was observed, indicating several genetic clones in VS. No CNA or CNA profile was associated with GKRS.

Conclusion

GKRS is not associated with an increase in CNAs or alteration of the CNA profile in VS, lending support to its low risk. This also implies that there is no major issue with GKRS treatment failure being due to CNAs. In agreement with previous studies, chromosome 22 aberration is the only recurrent CNA. VS consist of several genetic clones, addressing the need for further studies on the composition of cells in this tumor.
Cardiac injury and mortality in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): insights from a mediation analysis
Authors: Cipriani Alberto , Capone Federico , Donato Filippo , Molinari Leonardo , Ceccato Davide , Saller Alois , Previato Lorenzo , Pesavento Raffaele , Sarais Cristiano , Fioretto Paola , Iliceto Sabino , Gregori Dario , Avogaro Angelo , Vettor Roberto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds
Patients at greatest risk of severe clinical conditions from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and death are elderly and comorbid patients. Increased levels of cardiac troponins identify patients with poor outcome. The present study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a cohort of Italian inpatients, admitted to a medical COVID-19 Unit, and to investigate the relative role of cardiac injury on in-hospital mortality.

Methods and results
We analyzed all consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 referred to our dedicated medical Unit between February 26th and March 31st 2020. Patients’ clinical data including comorbidities, laboratory values, and outcomes were collected. Predictors of in-hospital mortality were investigated. A mediation analysis was performed to identify the potential mediators in the relationship between cardiac injury and mortality. A total of 109 COVID-19 inpatients (female 36%, median age 71 years) were included. During in-hospital stay, 20 patients (18%) died and, compared with survivors, these patients were older, had more comorbidities defined by Charlson comorbidity index ≥ 3(65% vs 24%, p = 0.001), and higher levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (Hs-cTnI), both at first evaluation and peak levels. A dose–response curve between Hs-cTnI and in-hospital mortality risk up to 200 ng/L was detected. Hs-cTnI, chronic kidney disease, and chronic coronary artery disease mediated most of the risk of in-hospital death, with Hs-cTnI mediating 25% of such effect. Smaller effects were observed for age, lactic dehydrogenase, and d-dimer.

Conclusions
In this cohort of elderly and comorbid COVID-19 patients, elevated Hs-cTnI levels were the most important and independent mediators of in-hospital mortality.
OpenAltimetry - rapid analysis and visualization of Spaceborne altimeter data
Authors: Khalsa Siri Jodha S. , Borsa Adrian , Nandigam Viswanath , Phan Minh , Lin Kai , Crosby Christopher , Fricker Helen , Baru Chaitan , Lopez Luis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNASA’s Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) carries a laser altimeter that fires 10,000 pulses per second towards Earth and records the travel time of individual photons to measure the elevation of the surface below. The volume of data produced by ICESat-2, nearly a TB per day, presents significant challenges for users wishing to efficiently explore the dataset. NASA’s National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC), which is responsible for archiving and distributing ICESat-2 data, provides search and subsetting services on mission data products, but providing interactive data discovery and visualization tools needed to assess data coverage and quality in a given area of interest is outside of NSIDC’s mandate. The OpenAltimetry project, a NASA-funded collaboration between NSIDC, UNAVCO and the University of California San Diego, has developed a web-based cyberinfrastructure platform that allows users to locate, visualize, and download ICESat-2 surface elevation data and photon clouds for any location on Earth, on demand. OpenAltimetry also provides access to elevations and waveforms for ICESat (the predecessor mission to ICESat-2). In addition, OpenAltimetry enables data access via APIs, opening opportunities for rapid access, experimentation, and computation via third party applications like Jupyter notebooks. OpenAltimetry emphasizes ease-of-use for new users and rapid access to entire altimetry datasets for experts and has been successful in meeting the needs of different user groups. In this paper we describe the principles that guided the design and development of the OpenAltimetry platform and provide a high-level overview of the cyberinfrastructure components of the system.
Food at the heart of the Empire: dietary reconstruction for Imperial Rome inhabitants
Authors: De Angelis Flavio , Varano Sara , Battistini Andrea , Di Giannantonio Stefania , Ricci Paola , Lubritto Carmine , Facchin Giulia , Brancazi Luca , Santangeli-Valenzani Riccardo , Catalano Paola , Gazzaniga Valentina , Rickards Olga , Martínez-Labarga Cristina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to provide a broad diet reconstruction for people buried in archaeologically defined contexts in Rome (first to third centuries CE), in order to combine archaeological and biological evidence focusing on dietary preferences in Imperial Rome. A sample of 214 human bones recovered from 6 funerary contexts was selected for carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis. The baseline for the terrestrial protein component of the diet was set using 17 coeval faunal remains recovered from excavations at Rome supplemented by previously published data for the same geographic and chronological frames. δ13C ranges from − 19.9 to − 14.8‰, whereas δ15N values are between 7.2 and 10.0‰. The values are consistent with an overall diet mainly based on terrestrial resources. All the human samples rely on a higher trophic level than the primary consumer faunal samples. Certainly, C3plants played a pivotal role in the dietary habits. However, C4plants also seem to have been consumed, albeit they were not as widespread and were not always used for human consumption. The environment played a critical role also for Romans of lower social classes. The topographical location determined the preferential consumption of food that people could obtain from their neighborhood.
Wettability alteration and enhanced gas condensate recovery by treatment of carbonate reservoir rock using supercritical R134A and R404A gases
Authors: Nowrouzi Iman , Khaksar Manshad Abbas , Mohammadi Amir H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe pressure drop around the well in the production from a gas condensate reservoir causes the formation of condensate in the area before it reaches the well and surface space. This condensate and occasionally water in the porous medium can block the well and create an additional pressure drop. Studies show that the chemical treatment of this area eliminates the problem by altering the reservoir rock wettability toward a moderate and strong gasphilicity. For this purpose, fluoropolymers-, fluorosurfactants-, and fluorochemicals-coated nanoparticles can be used. In this work, we have studied two types of fluoride gas namely R134A and R404A, which are widely used in refrigeration industry as refrigerant gases, perfumery, and industrial detergents. The basis of this study was the aging of rock samples in thin sections and plugs in these two gases at different pressures above the critical pressures of them at 70 °C at different times and then conducting the contact angle experiments by placing the drop of water and condensate on the cross sections and then performing imbibition tests using plugs. The results show that in addition to the efficiency of both gases in wettability alteration to gasphilic, the gasphilic intensity obtained at constant temperature depends on the pressure and the aging time of the samples.
Impact of organophilic clay on rheological properties of gasoil-based drilling muds
Authors: Bergane Cheikh , Hammadi Larbi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, the impact of VG69 organophilic clay on the rheological properties of gasoil-based drilling muds (invert emulsions) was investigated. The flow curves of gasoil-based drilling muds as a function of the dose of VG69 organophilic clay were analyzed by the Casson model. The addition of VG69 organophilic clay with a quantity range between 0 and 5 g in gasoil-based drilling muds induces an increase in the yield stress and the viscosity at an infinite shear rate of drilling muds. It is also proven that the addition of VG69 organophilic clay leads to an increase in the viscoelastic and thixotropic properties of the drilling muds. The study of the stability of gasoil-based drilling muds by centrifugation showed that for a quantity of VG69 organophilic clay lower than 3 g, the stability of the drilling muds increases and for a quantity of VG69 organophilic clay higher than 3 g, their stability decreases. The results obtained showed that the addition of 3 g of VG69 organophilic clay to the gasoil-based drilling mud increased the yield stress by 230%, the viscosity at an infinite shear rate by 3.4% and it improved the mud stability by 70%.
How effective are River Basin Management Plans in reaching the nutrient load reduction targets?
Authors: Piniewski Mikołaj , Tattari Sirkka , Koskiaho Jari , Olsson Olle , Djodjic Faruk , Giełczewski Marek , Marcinkowski Paweł , Księżniak Marta , Okruszko Tomasz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRiverine nutrient loads are among the major causes of eutrophication of the Baltic Sea. This study applied the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in three catchments flowing to the Baltic Sea, namely Vantaanjoki (Finland), Fyrisån (Sweden), and Słupia (Poland), to simulate the effectiveness of nutrient control measures included in the EU’s Water Framework Directive River Basin Management Plans (RBMPs). Moreover, we identified similar, coastal, middle-sized catchments to which conclusions from this study could be applicable. The first modelling scenario based on extrapolation of the existing trends affected the modelled nutrient loads by less than 5%. In the second scenario, measures included in RBMPs showed variable effectiveness, ranging from negligible for Słupia to 28% total P load reduction in Vantaanjoki. Adding spatially targeted measures to RBMPs (third scenario) would considerably improve their effectiveness in all three catchments for both total N and P, suggesting a need to adopt targeting more widely in the Baltic Sea countries.
Bioaccessibility of metals in soils surrounding two dismissed mining sites in Northern Italy
Authors: Padoan E. , Romè C. , Mehta N. , Dino G. A. , De Luca D. A. , Ajmone-Marsan F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMining activities are one of the main contributors to metals contamination of soils, most often due to the inappropriate management of the mining residues. In Italy, hundreds of small mining sites are scattered around the mountainous areas, near small villages with fragile environments. Here, wastes and residues may have polluted the surrounding soils and become a threat to living organisms. We investigated two dismissed sites in Northern Italy with extractive wastes in unmanaged areas close to villages using bioaccessibility and size fractionation methods, focussing on particles that can potentially be eroded and/or ingested (< 10 µm and < 200 µm). In the Campello Monti site, Co, Cu and Ni showed high values in soils near the landfills, with the highest concentrations in the < 10 µm particles around the landfills and along the valley bottom. Lead and Ni were the most bioaccessible metals. In the Plassa site, Cd and Zn were the most important contaminants, with an average content of 118 and 34,000 mg/kg. They originated from mining wastes scattered through the slope and had a particularly high bioaccessible fractions, close to the 100% for Zn and above 80% for Cd in the fine particles. The study of the fine, more reactive and mobile particles offered a close insight into the lability of contaminants, as in both sites, a dispersion of metal contaminants through very fine particles in surrounding and downhill areas was observed, resulting in an increased risk to all living organism and for the environment.
State of the Art Imaging in Menière’s Disease. Tips and Tricks for Protocol and Interpretation
Authors: de Pont Lisa M. H. , van Steekelenburg Josephine M. , Verbist Berit M. , van Buchem Mark A. , Blom Henk M. , Hammer Sebastiaan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewMenière’s disease (MD) is a burdensome and not well understood inner ear disorder that has received increasing attention of scientists over the past decade. Until 2007, a certain diagnosis of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) required post-mortem histology. Today, dedicated high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols enable detection of disease-related changes in the membranous labyrinth in vivo. In this review, we summarize the current status of MR imaging for MD.Recent FindingsThe mainstays of hydrops imaging are inversion recovery sequences using delayed acquisition after intravenous or intratympanic contrast administration. Based on these techniques, several methods have been developed to detect and classify EH. In addition, novel imaging features of MD, such as blood-labyrinth barrier impairment, have recently been observed.SummaryDelayed contrast enhanced MRI has emerged as a reliable technique to demonstrate EH in vivo, with promising application in the diagnosis and follow-up of MD patients. Therefore, familiarity with current techniques and diagnostic imaging criteria is increasingly important.
A new recommendation system using map-reduce-based tournament empowered Whale optimization algorithm
Authors: Tripathi Ashish Kumar , Mittal Himanshu , Saxena Pranav , Gupta Siddharth 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the era of Web 2.0, the data are growing immensely and is assisting E-commerce websites for better decision-making. Collaborative filtering, one of the prominent recommendation approaches, performs recommendation by finding similarity. However, this approach fails in managing large-scale datasets. To mitigate the same, an efficient map-reduce-based clustering recommendation system is presented. The proposed method uses a novel variant of the whale optimization algorithm, tournament selection empowered whale optimization algorithm, to attain the optimal clusters. The clustering efficiency of the proposed method is measured on four large-scale datasets in terms of F-measure and computation time. The experimental results are compared with state-of-the-art map-reduce-based clustering methods, namely map-reduce-based K-means, map-reduce-based bat algorithm, map-reduce-based Kmeans particle swarm optimization, map-reduce-based artificial bee colony, and map-reduce-based whale optimization algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed method is tested as a recommendation system on the publicly available movie-lens dataset. The performance validation is measured in terms of mean absolute error, precision and recall, over a different number of clusters. The experimental results assert that the proposed method is a permissive approach for the recommendation over large-scale datasets.
Intracellular Delivery of mRNA in Adherent and Suspension Cells by Vapor Nanobubble Photoporation
Authors: Raes Laurens , Stremersch Stephan , Fraire Juan C. , Brans Toon , Goetgeluk Glenn , De Munter Stijn , Van Hoecke Lien , Verbeke Rein , Van Hoeck Jelter , Xiong Ranhua , Saelens Xavier , Vandekerckhove Bart , De Smedt Stefaan , Raemdonck Koen , Braeckmans Kevin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEfficient and safe cell engineering by transfection of nucleic acids remains one of the long-standing hurdles for fundamental biomedical research and many new therapeutic applications, such as CAR T cell-based therapies. mRNA has recently gained increasing attention as a more safe and versatile alternative tool over viral- or DNA transposon-based approaches for the generation of adoptive T cells. However, limitations associated with existing nonviral mRNA delivery approaches hamper progress on genetic engineering of these hard-to-transfect immune cells. In this study, we demonstrate that gold nanoparticle-mediated vapor nanobubble (VNB) photoporation is a promising upcoming physical transfection method capable of delivering mRNA in both adherent and suspension cells. Initial transfection experiments on HeLa cells showed the importance of transfection buffer and cargo concentration, while the technology was furthermore shown to be effective for mRNA delivery in Jurkat T cells with transfection efficiencies up to 45%. Importantly, compared to electroporation, which is the reference technology for nonviral transfection of T cells, a fivefold increase in the number of transfected viable Jurkat T cells was observed. Altogether, our results point toward the use of VNB photoporation as a more gentle and efficient technology for intracellular mRNA delivery in adherent and suspension cells, with promising potential for the future engineering of cells in therapeutic and fundamental research applications.