bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of color‐emotion associations of the university students
Authors: Demir Ümit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aims to research the effect of the interface background color choice on the emotion of university students. The study group consisted of 929 Turkish students studying at the vocational colleges of technical and social sciences in Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey. In this study, the descriptive method was used. A color effect form developed by the researcher was used. The validity of the tool was controlled by the faculty members in the Guidance and Psychological Counseling Department of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University. The analysis of the findings showed that primary, secondary, and tertiary colors had positive impacts on the participants' perceptions except for gray color. In this negative perception, the boredom perception of the gray was affective. The colors having the most positive perceptions of the participants were white, blue, and red. In the positive perception of these colors, their perception of relaxing and encouraging was effective. In the colors' effect, there were significant differences according to the gender and academic education department. Red, black, white, gray, and purple colors' effect changed according to gender, while red, blue, and purple colors' effect changed according to the education department. As a result, this study, which is conducted with the participation of a large number and the usage of software, is expected to be a good reference on color perception and color design for software interface designers.
Insight into Out‐of‐Layer Fluctuations in the Smectic A Stability of 3,5‐Diarylisoxazole Liquid Crystals
Authors: Sales Eric S. , dos Santos Gabriel M. , Mandle Richard J. , Costa Wallison C. , Bechtold Ivan H. , Gonçalves Itamar L. , Eifler‐Lima Vera L. , Merlo Aloir A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPolar‐terminated 3,5‐diarylisoxazole liquid crystals (ILCs) were synthetized and characterized. ILCs are composed by rigid core 3,5‐diarylisoxazol, alkyl chain and polar‐terminated flexible spacer. Hydroxyl‐, ketal‐ and 1,2‐diol‐terminated ILCs rendered smectic C and A mesophase, while bromine‐terminated ILCs showed smectic A and B mesophase, for monosubstituted and linear ILCs. For branched alkyl chain monotropic SmA was detected and for disubstituted ILCs no mesophase was detected. Out‐of‐layer fluctuations (OLFs) are discussed based on X‐ray diffraction date and textures. The OLFs are dependent on the bromine atom hardness, hydrogen bonding through collective actions and conformational effects at the interface between layers. Smectic translational order parameter (TOP) Σ was also obtained for orientated bromine‐ and hydroxyl‐terminated ILCs and related it with OLFs. For 1,2‐diol‐terminated ILCs two SmC sublayers were founded, probably related to the intramolecular hydrogen bond favoring the 5‐membered and 6‐membered formation.
Spatiotemporal trends in crop yields, yield variability, and yield gaps across the USA
Authors: Kucharik Christopher J. , Ramiadantsoa Tanjona , Zhang Jien , Ives Anthony R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFuture crop yield increases are unlikely to keep pace with the dietary needs of a global human population expected to reach nine billion by 2050. This study used United States Department of Agriculture county‐level yield data and autoregressive moving‐average models to examine how changes in maize (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L.), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields, temporal variability in yields, and yield gaps have varied across space and time from 1970–2017. The majority of county‐level yields have increased linearly, although the increases in wheat lag behind corn and soybean. Where trends were nonlinear, accelerating yields were found in more mesic regions east of the Great Plains, and decelerating yields were found in the drier central and western United States. Mean crop yields were positively correlated with rate of yield increase and negatively correlated with interannual variability. Hotspots were identified in Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Nebraska, and some West Coast states where crop yields are currently the largest, have the lowest yield gaps, and since 1970, have had the highest rates of change and/or are experiencing an acceleration of annual yield gains. Across all crop types, the counties with the lowest average yields, highest yield gaps, lowest rates of yield increase over time, and/or deceleration in yield increases were predominantly found in the central United States, including the Dakotas, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Regions of greatest performance generally have fertile soils, plentiful growing season rainfall, and optimal growing season length and temperatures, or are benefitting from irrigation.
Comparison of Two Acid Hydrotropes for Sustainable Fractionation of Birch Wood
Authors: Cai Cheng , Li Jian , Hirth Kolby , Huber George W. , Lou Hongming , Zhu J. Y. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study reports on a comparative study of acid hydrotropic fractionation (AHF) of birch wood using maleic acid (MA) and p‐toluenesulfonic acid (p‐TsOH). Under the same level of delignification, lignin dissolved by MA is much less condensed with a higher content of ether aryl β‐O‐4 linkages. Lignin depolymerization dominated in MA hydrotropic fractionation (MAHF) and resulted in a single lower molecular weight peak, in contrast to the competitive depolymerization and repolymerization in p‐TsOH AHF with a bimodal distribution. The less condensed MA‐dissolved lignin facilitated catalytic conversion to monophenols. Carboxylation of residual lignin in fractionated cellulosic water‐insoluble solids (WISs) enhanced enzymatic saccharification by decreasing nonproductive cellulase binding to lignin. At a low cellulase loading of 10 FPU g−1 glucan, saccharification of WIS‐MT120 from MAHF at 120 °C was 95 % compared with 48 % for WIS‐PT85 from p‐TsOH AHF at 85 °C under the same level of delignification of 63 %. Residual lignin carboxylation also facilitated nanofibrillation of WIS for producing lignin‐containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) through an enhanced lignin lubrication effect, which substantially decreases fibrillation energy. LCNFs from only one pass of microfluidization of WIS‐MT120 have the same morphology as those from WIS‐PT85 after three passes. MA also has a lower solubility and higher minimal hydrotropic concentration, which facilitated acid recovery. MA is U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved as an indirect food additive, affording significant advantages compared with p‐TsOH for biorefinery applications.
Isolation enhancement for dual‐band MIMO antenna system using multiple slots loading technique
Authors: R Ramesh , Kommuri Usha Kiran 
Published: May 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a novel multiple slot loading technique is studied in detail for the isolation enhancement of the dual‐band MIMO antenna system. The proposed MIMO antenna design consists of the microstrip patch loaded with T‐shaped slots parallel to the non‐radiating edge of the patch. The frequency tuning could be achieved by varying the length of the T‐shape slot arm. The proposed MIMO antenna system is optimised for operation in WLAN and WiMAX applications. The isolation enhancement is achieved by providing simple multiple slots loaded in the ground plane between radiating elements. The length of the slots is λ/4. The system is fabricated and tested using a vector network analyser and anechoic chamber. The reduction in mutual coupling up to −29.16 dB and −24.09 dB for the 2.4 GHz and 3.4 GHz, respectively, is achieved. The bandwidths are 62.3 MHz (3.33–3.39 GHz) and 55.5 MHz (2.37–2.42 GHz), respectively. The total gain obtained in this case is 1.8 dBi at 2.4 GHz and 1.2 dBi at 3.4 GHz, respectively. The dimensions of the proposed designed antenna are 70 mm × 60 mm × 1.6 mm. The results were also verified through mutual coupling parameters like envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and channel capacity loss (CCL) at the desired frequencies.
Statistical estimation of hourly diffuse radiation intensity of Budapest City
Authors: Al‐Ghussain Loiy , Al‐Oran Otabeh , Lezsovits Ferenc 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe vulnerability of fossil fuel prices to worldwide events such as the recent coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemics increases the interest in renewable energy resources that offer more stable energy generation costs. Solar energy is one of the most abundant renewable energy resources that have gained significant interest in the last decades with various challenges related to the forecastingof the energy production from these systems. Solar radiation intensity varies due to the daily and seasonal changes in the sun's position in addition to the variation in the sky clearness from one location to another which is considered as an important factor that affects the deployment of solar energy systems. This study aims to develop statistical models—mainly regression models and parametric model based on ASHRAE model—to estimate the hourly diffuse radiation in Budapest as a case study using the measured hourly global and diffuse radiation between 2011 and 2018. The prediction models relate the clearness index (which is obtained from the extraterrestrial and global radiation) and the global radiation through a generalized equation. The parametric model was developed by finding the optimal site‐specific constants of ASHRAE model for Budapest using the measured data that minimize the root mean square error. In addition, this study presents a comparison between the results from the developed models and the models reported in the literature. The results indicate that all the developed regression models had close correlation coefficients (R2) where the linear, power, and exponential models had the largest R2 (.69). Finally, the linear model was evaluated on a dataset outside the test data range where the linear model was capable of predicting the diffuse radiation with much better R2 (.93).
Differentiation of stx1A gene for detection of Escherichia coli serotype O157: H7 and Shigella dysenteriae type 1 in food samples using high resolution melting curve analysis
Authors: Pakbin Babak , Akhondzadeh Basti Afshin , Khanjari Ali , Azimi Leila , Karimi Abdollah 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEscherichia coli serotype O157: H7 and Shigella dysenteriae type 1 as the Shiga toxin‐producing bacteria cause some acute gastrointestinal and extraintestinal diseases such as hemorrhagic uremic syndrome and bloody diarrhea in human. Stx genes are the key virulence factors in these pathogens. The aim of this study was to develop HRMA assay to differentiate stx1A gene for detection of E. coli serotype O157: H7 and Sh. dysenteriae type 1 and determine the prevalence of these pathogens in food samples using this method. PCR‐HRMA assay and gold standard methods have been carried out for identification of pathogens among 135 different food samples. We found HRMA method a sensitive and specific assay (100 and 100%, respectively) for differentiation of stx1A gene, consequently, detection of these pathogens in food samples. Also, the highest prevalence of E. coli serotype O157: H7 and Sh. dysenteriae type 1 harboring stx1A gene was observed in raw milk and vegetable salad samples, respectively. HRMA as a rapid, inexpensive, sensitive and specific method is suggested to be used for differentiation of stx1A gene to detect E. coli serotype O157: H7 and Sh. dysenteriae type 1 as the key pathogens for safety evaluation of food samples.
The informativeness of estimation moments
Authors: Honoré Bo , Jørgensen Thomas , de Paula Áureo 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis paper introduces measures for how each moment contributes to the precision of parameter estimates in generalized method of moments settings. For example, one of the measures asks what would happen to the variance of the parameter estimates if a particular moment was dropped from the estimation. The measures are all easy to compute. We illustrate the usefulness of the measures through two simple examples as well as an application to a model of joint retirement planning of couples. We estimate the model using the British Household Panel Survey, and we find evidence of complementarities in leisure. Our sensitivity measures illustrate that the estimate of the complementarity is primarily informed by the distribution of differences in planned retirement dates. The estimated econometric model can be interpreted as a bivariate ordered‐choice model that allows for simultaneity. This makes the model potentially useful in other applications.
LncRNAs GACAT3 and LINC00152 regulate each other through miR‐103 and are associated with clinicopathological characteristics in colorectal cancer
Authors: Ye Shazhou , Lu Yicong , Ru Yuqing , Wu Xiaoyue , Zhao Ming , Chen Jiayi , Xu Mingjun , Huang Qin , Wang Yibo , Shi Shanping , Bu Shizhong , Xi Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform pivotal regulatory roles in tumor development. Our previous work revealed that the lncRNA gastric cancer‐associated transcript 3 (GACAT3) was significantly overexpressed and associated with tumor size and metastasis in gastric cancer.MethodsTotal RNAs were extracted from colorectal cancer (CRC) and reverse transcribed, and then quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was conducted. Cell counting was performed to assess the effect of GACAT3 on CRC cell line proliferation. Bioinformatics prediction, dual luciferase assay, miRNA mimics, siRNAs, and transfection experiments were applied to determine whether GACAT3 and LINC00152 are reciprocally regulated by miR‐103. The relationship between their expression levels and clinicopathological factors of patients was explored. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the potential diagnostic value of GACAT3 and LINC00152.ResultsGACAT3 was identified to be highly expressed in CRC tissues and associated with cell proliferation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GACAT3 acted as a competing endogenous RNA of LINC00152 and they were both regulated by miR‐103. Moreover, analysis of clinicopathological characteristics revealed that GACAT3 and LINC00152 were positively correlated with the depth of invasion, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and CA19‐9 level. Importantly, a combination of GACAT3 and LINC00152 showed a superior diagnostic capacity compared with the use of the two molecules alone.ConclusionOur work shows that GACAT3 and LINC00152 are both overexpressed in CRC and they act as a ceRNA network. Therefore, our data suggest that GACAT3 and LINC00152 may be a promising potential diagnostic biomarker for CRC.
Dysphagia lusoria: A vascular etiology?
Authors: Coles Michael , Madray Victoria M. , Mareddy Chinmaya , Kapoor Deepak , Sharma Amol 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDysphagia lusoria is difficulty swallowing as a result of extrinsic esophageal compression by an aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA). We present the case of a 59‐year‐old patient with ARSA and history of chronic dysphagia. Vascular decompressive surgery was performed, but it failed to resolve his symptoms. Esophageal manometry indicated concomitant esophageal gastric junction outflow obstruction in the setting of a small hiatal hernia. Our case highlights the diagnostic dilemma surrounding dysphagia lusoria and identification of cases that should undergo surgical repair. Based on a thorough review of the literature and our case, we propose a complete foregut workup for possible other causes as potential etiologies of dysphagia prior to surgical treatment of dysphagia lusoria.
Asia precipitation tripole during boreal summer: Anomalous water vapour transport along the “Southern Silk Road”
Authors: Zhang Mengke , Jin Dachao , Liu Xi , Wang Xudong , Xia Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEast Asia and central India (CI) are significantly affected by the Asian summer monsoon. On the inter‐annual time scale, the precipitation in the Hetao region (HT, [35°–42°N, 103°–114°E]) is prominently positively correlated with that in CI (19°–23°N, 78°–83.5°E) during boreal summer, but it is significantly negatively correlated with precipitation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River valleys (YRV, [30°–34°N, 114°–122°E]), which is manifested as the Asia precipitation tripole (APT). Positive APT represents above‐normal precipitation in HT and CI regions, and below‐normal precipitation in YRV, which is closely related to a developing La Niña episode. The enhanced Walker circulation and the associated anomalous ascent branch over the western Pacific favour the convective activities in the vicinity of the Philippines, thus stimulating the East Asian‐Pacific/Pacific‐Japan teleconnection wave trains. In the lower atmosphere, an anomalous anticyclonic circulation is located over the YRV and Japan, corresponding to a cyclonic circulation over the South China Sea and the Philippines islands. In the positive phase of APT, water vapour is transported from the Kuroshio extension area to the YRV along the easterly airflow, while YRV is a divergent region with water vapour deficiency, which is not conducive to the generation of precipitation in this area. One part of the water vapour is transported to the northwest of the YRV and converges in HT, which is in favour of the above‐normal summer precipitation in this area. The other part of water vapour is transported westward through an anomalous water vapour transport channel which is called the “Southern Silk Road”, which could weaken the water vapour transport from the Arabian sea to East Asia, or vice versa.
Impact of tumor regression grade on recurrence after preoperative chemoradiation and gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Stark Alexander P. , Estrella Jeannelyn S. , Chiang Yi‐Ju , Das Prajnan , Minsky Bruce D. , Blum Murphy Mariela A. , Ajani Jaffer A. , Mansfield Paul , Badgwell Brian D. , Ikoma Naruhiko 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIt is unknown whether the degree of response to preoperative therapy correlates with locoregional recurrence (LR) or distant recurrence (DR) after resection of gastric cancer.MethodsPatients who underwent resection of gastric adenocarcinoma following chemotherapy and chemoradiation (1995‐2015) were reviewed. The tumor regression grade (TRG) was defined by the percentage of viable tumor cells in the specimen (TRG0 = 0%; TRG1 = 1%‐2%; TRG2 = 3%‐50%; TRG3 ≥ 50%). The relationships among TRG, recurrence‐free survival (RFS), LR, and DR were examined.ResultsTwo hundred forty‐seven patients met the inclusion criteria (TRG0, 52 [21%]; TRG1, 49 [20%]; TRG2, 98 [40%]; TRG3, 48 [19%]). LR and DR occurred in 6.1% and 32.0% of patients, respectively. No patient with TRG0 experienced LR. R1 resection (6%‐15%) and LR (6%‐8%) rates were similar among TRG1‐3 patients. R1 resection was associated with LR (hazard ratio [HR], 17.85; P < .001). ypN status (HR, 2.44; P = .004) and linitis plastica (HR, 2.90; P < .001) were associated with DR. TRG was not independently associated with RFS, LR, or DR.ConclusionsTRG0 imparted excellent local control. However, TRG1‐3 patients had similar R1 resection rates and therefore similar LR. DR is associated with ypN status and linitis plastica, not TRG.
Quality of Life in Bell's Palsy: Correlation with Sunnybrook and House‐Brackmann Over Time
Authors: Bylund Nina , Hultcrantz Malou , Jonsson Lars , Marsk Elin 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo compare patient‐graded facial and social/well‐being function with physician‐graded facial function in Bell's palsy over time.Study DesignA prospective follow‐up study at two tertiary otorhinolaryngological centers.MethodsA total of 96 patients, 36 women and 60 men, aged 18–77 years, were included. Facial Clinimetric Evaluation (FaCE) scale and Facial Disability Index (FDI) scores were compared with Sunnybrook and House‐Brackmann scores.ResultsInclusion was on mean day 7 (96 patients) and follow‐up on days 53 (81 patients) and 137 (32 patients). Initially, correlations between FaCE total score, FaCE domains, FDI physical function, FDI social/well‐being function and Sunnybrook and House‐Brackmann scores were low to fair, except for FaCE facial movement (r = 0.55). Correlations between FaCE total score and Sunnybrook score were very good to excellent at visits 2 (r = 0.83) and 3 (r = 0.81). Women scored FaCE social and FDI social/well‐being function lower than men, despite similar Sunnybrook scores.ConclusionIn early stages of Bell's palsy, there were low to fair correlations between FaCE/FDI (except for facial movement) and Sunnybrook score. This implies that the design of the quality of life (QoL) instruments is less suited for the acute phase. The high correlations at follow‐ups suggest that the questionnaires can be used for evaluation of QoL over time. Our results indicate that women experience more facial palsy‐related psychosocial dysfunction.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E612–E618, 2021
Predicting length of stay in head and neck patients who undergo free flap reconstruction
Authors: Lindeborg Michael M. , Sethi Rosh K. V. , Puram Sidharth V. , Parikh Anuraag , Yarlagadda Bharat , Varvares Mark , Emerick Kevin , Lin Derrick , Durand Marlene L. , Deschler Daniel G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveUnderstanding factors that affect postoperative length of stay (LOS) may improve patient recovery, hasten postoperative discharge, and minimize institutional costs. This study sought to (a) describe LOS among head and neck patients undergoing free flap reconstruction and (b) identify factors that predict increased LOS.MethodsA retrospective cohort was performed of 282 head and neck patients with free flap reconstruction for oncologic resection between 2011 and 2013 at a tertiary academic medical center. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, and surgical and infectious complications were characterized. Multivariable regression identified predictors of increased LOS.ResultsA total of 282 patients were included. Mean age was 64.7 years (SD = 12.2) and 40% were female. Most tumors were located in the oral cavity (53.9% of patients), and most patients underwent radial forearm free flap (RFFF) reconstruction (RFFF—73.8%, anterolateral thigh flap—11.3%, and fibula free flap—14.9%). Intraoperative complications were rare. The most common postoperative complications included nonwound infection (pneumonia [PNA] or urinary tract infection [UTI]) (15.6%) and wound breakdown/fistula (15.2%). Mean and median LOS were 13 days (SD = 7.7) and 10 days (interquartile range = 7), respectively. Statistically significant predictors of increased LOS included flap take back (Beta coefficient [C] = +4.26, P < .0001), in‐hospital PNA or UTI (C = +2.52, P = .037), wound breakdown or fistula (C = +5.0, P < .0001), surgical site infection (C = +3.54, P = .017), and prior radiation therapy (C = +2.59, P = .004).ConclusionSeveral perioperative factors are associated with increased LOS. These findings may help with perioperative planning, including the need for vigilant wound care, optimization of antibiotics prophylaxis, and institution‐level protocols for postoperative care and disposition of free flap patients.Level of Evidence2b; retrospective cohort.