bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol dependence and the psychological factors leading to a relapse: a hospital-based study in Vietnam
Authors: Van Trieu Nhat , Uthis Penpaktr , Suktrakul Sunisa 
Published: April 2020

PurposeTo study the situation of alcohol relapse and to investigate the relationship between psychological factors and alcohol relapse in persons with alcohol dependence in Thai Nguyen hospitals, Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachA correlation study was conducted among 110 patients. Data were collected through structured interviews and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs).FindingsMore than two-thirds of the participants were found to relapse more than once (X¯ = 2.04, SD = 0.86). Positive outcome expectancies, cravings, negative emotional states, and maladaptive coping were positively associated with relapse (rs = 0.550, 0.522, 0.497; p = 0.000 and rs = 0.217, p < 0.05, respectively). While, motivation to change with three subscales had a negative correlation to relapse including recognition (rs = −0.199, p < 0.05), ambivalence (rs = −0.331, p = 0.000), and taking steps (rs = −0.606, p = 0.000). Adaptive coping, self-efficacy, and social support were also found to be negatively correlated to relapse (rs = −0.535, −0.499, −0.338; p = 0.000, respectively). However, negative outcome expectancies (rs = −0.024, p = 0.805) and positive emotional states (rs = 0.081, p = 0.399) were not significantly related to relapse.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study are significant implications for relapse prevention strategies. It suggests that the essential parts of relapse prevention are through: changing alcohol expectations, increase drinking refusal self-efficacy, coping skills training, enhancing motivation to change, managing alcohol craving and expanding social support.Originality/valueThis is the first study in Vietnam which investigated the relationship between psychological factors and alcohol relapse in individuals with alcohol dependence.
Retrospective evaluation of implant‐supported full‐arch fixed dental prostheses after a mean follow‐up of 10 years
Authors: Chrcanovic Bruno R. , Kisch Jenö , Larsson Christel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the outcomes of implant‐supported full‐arch fixed dental prostheses (ISFAFDPs) and the supporting implants.Material and methodsThis retrospective study included patients treated with ISFAFDPs at one specialist clinic. Implant/prosthesis failure and complications were the outcomes analyzed. Survival analysis methods were used.ResultsA total of 709 patients with 869 ISFAFDPs (4,797 implants) were included, with a mean ± SD follow‐up of 10.7 ± 7.2 years. A total of 353 implants and 62 prostheses failed. Estimated cumulative survival rates were as follows: 93.3% (95% CI 91.3, 95.3) after 10 years and 87.1% (95% CI 83.4, 90.8) after 20 years. Implants installed in bruxers, smokers, and maxilla had a lower survival than implants installed in non‐bruxers, non‐smokers, and mandible, respectively. A total of 415 ISFAFDPs (47.8%) presented technical complications, of which 67 (7.7%) presented only occurrences of loss/fracture of implant access hole sealing. Bruxism was a factor to exert a higher risk of screw loosening (HR 3.302; also in younger patients), screw fracture (HR 4.956), ceramic chipping/fracture (HR 5.685), and loss/fracture of acrylic teeth (HR 2.125; this last complication with higher risk also in men, in maxillae, and when the opposing jaw presented natural dentition or fixed prostheses). Patients with bruxism had a statistically significant higher risk of prosthesis failure than non‐bruxers (HR 3.276).ConclusionsISFAFDPs presented good long‐term prognosis. Failure of several supporting implants was the main reason for failure. The results of the present study strongly suggest that bruxism is an important contributor to implant and prosthesis failure, as well as to an increased prevalence of technical complications in ISFAFDPs.
Life Expectancy Is 350 Years Old
Authors: Ciecka James E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLast year marked the 350th anniversary of the modern concept of life expectancy, which grew out of a correspondence between two brothers in 1669. Not only did life expectancy emerge as the first important nongambling application of the then new doctrine of chances, the correspondence also contained a probability‐based distinction between the median value of a random variable and its expected value, and it set the stage for the first correct formulation of pensions and life annuities. After 350 years, life expectancy remains a gauge of long‐term progress of a country, of subpopulations within a country, and as an international measure of development. On this round anniversary, it is worth remembering the original correspondence and its value today because of the importance of the concept of life expectancy itself and because of the mathematical structure that was used to define it.
Fitness, physical activity, sedentary time, inhibitory control, and neuroelectric activity in children with overweight or obesity: The ActiveBrains project
Authors: Mora‐Gonzalez Jose , Esteban‐Cornejo Irene , Solis‐Urra Patricio , Migueles Jairo H. , Cadenas‐Sanchez Cristina , Molina‐Garcia Pablo , Rodriguez‐Ayllon María , Hillman Charles H. , Catena Andrés , Pontifex Matthew B. , Ortega Francisco B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhereas numerous studies have investigated the relationship of cardiorespiratory fitness with inhibition and neuroelectric activity, the role of other physical fitness components and physical activity (PA) intensities in this relationship remain unclear, especially in children with obesity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association of physical fitness, PA, and sedentary time with inhibitory control and neuroelectric activity in children. Eighty‐four children (8‐11 years) with overweight or obesity performed the ALPHA battery to assess their physical fitness components (i.e., muscular strength, speed‐agility, and cardiorespiratory fitness). PA and sedentary time were assessed from hip and nondominant wrist‐worn accelerometers. Inhibitory control was evaluated using a flanker task, and expressed as reaction time (RT) and response accuracy. P3 amplitude and latency were recorded using electroencephalography. Higher speed‐agility and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with shorter RT and larger P3 amplitude on incongruent trials. Higher speed‐agility was associated with shorter RT on congruent trials. Hip‐assessed moderate and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA were associated with longer P3 latency across trials, and vigorous PA with larger P3 amplitude on incongruent trials. Our results provide initial evidence suggesting that not only cardiorespiratory fitness, but also speed‐agility, are associated with inhibitory control and P3 amplitude, whereas no significant associations were observed for muscular strength. The associations between PA (moderate, vigorous and moderate to‐vigorous) and neuroelectric activity were accelerometer location‐dependent. Promoting PA programs that enhance the cardiorespiratory fitness and speed‐agility will contribute to better understanding whether such health improvements benefit inhibitory control in youth with overweight or obesity.
Binary Particle Swarm Optimization for Variables Selection Optimization in Taguchi’s T-Method
Authors: Harudin Nolia , Jamaludin Khairur Rijal , Ramlie Faizir , Muhtazaruddin Mohd Nabil , Che Razali Che Munira , Wan Muhamad Wan Zuki Azman 
Published: April 2020

Prediction analysis has drawn significant interest in numerous field. Taguchi’s T-Method is a prediction tool that developed practically but not limited to small sample analysis. It was developed explicitly for multidimensional system prediction by relying on historical data as the baseline model and adapting the signal to noise ratio (SNR) as well as zero proportional concepts in strengthening its robustness. Orthogonal array (OA) in T-Method is a variable selection optimization technique in improving the prediction accuracy as well as help in eliminating variables that may deteriorate the overall performance. However, the limitation of OA in dealing with higher multidimensionality restraint the optimization accuracy. Binary particle swarm optimization used in this study helps to cater to the limitation of OA as well as optimizing the variable selection process to better prediction accuracy. The results show that if the historical data consist of samples with higher correlation of determination (R2) value for the model creation, the optimization process in reducing the number of variables would be much reliable and accurate. Comparing between T-Method+OA and T-Method+BPSO in four different case study, it shows that T-Method+BPSO performing better with greater R2 and means relative error (MRE) value compared to T-Method+OA.
Autoimmune complications of immunotherapy: pathophysiology and management
Authors: Chan Karmela K , Bass Anne R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that target inhibitory molecules, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), or its ligand, programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1), and lead to immune activation in the tumor micro-environment. ICIs can induce durable treatment responses in patients with advanced cancers, but they are commonly associated with immune related adverse events (irAEs) such as rash, colitis, hepatitis, pneumonitis, and endocrine and musculoskeletal disorders. Almost all patients experience some form of irAE, but high grade irAEs occur in approximately half of those on combination therapy (eg, anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1), and up to one quarter receiving ICI monotherapy. Fatal irAEs occur in approximately 1.2% of patients on CTLA-4 blockade and 0.4% of patients receiving PD-1 or PD-L1 blockade, and case fatality rates are highest for myocarditis and myositis. IrAEs typically occur in the first three months after ICI initiation, but can occur as early as one day after the first dose to years after ICI initiation. The mainstay of treatment is with corticosteroids, but tumor necrosis factor inhibitors are commonly used for refractory irAEs. Although ICIs are generally discontinued when high grade irAEs occur, ICI discontinuation alone is rarely adequate to resolve irAEs. Consensus guidelines have been published to help guide management, but will likely be modified as our understanding of irAEs grows.
Anaesthetic management of a large paraganglioma resection in a woman with isolated L-looped transposition of the great arteries: a case report
Authors: Lan Ling , Liu Penghao , Tian Yuan , Zhu Bo , Shen Le , Huang Yuguang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Reports of anaesthetic management of paraganglioma resection in patients with isolated L-transposition of the great arteries (L-TGA) are rare. We focus on the preoperative evaluation, intraoperative management, and postoperative care of a frail patient with “physiologically corrected” L-TGA for paraganglioma resection.

Case presentation
We performed general anaesthesia for a 46-year-old patient with “physiologically corrected” L-TGA undergoing open large retroperitoneal paraganglioma resection. Although the preoperative medical therapy had attained its goals, the patient went through three periods of severe episodic hypertension and tachycardia as tumour manipulation released catecholamines. Goal-directed fluid therapy based on pulse pressure variation (PPV) and point-of-care transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) imaging enabled anaesthesiologists to make rapid judgments and to regulate blood pressure in a timely manner, thereby reducing the risk of heart failure caused by massive rapid fluid bolus therapy. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit because of intraoperative hemodynamic changes and significant blood loss. Despite transient myocardial injury (elevated troponin I), no lethal arrhythmia or complications occurred perioperatively, and the patient recovered well and was discharged 1 week later.

Conclusions
Goal-directed fluid therapy combined with the adoption of TEE could effectively guide fluid administration, which is helpful for anaesthesia management during operation. We recommend the routine use of TEE in such cases.
Sonographically determined kidney measurements are better able to predict histological changes and a low CKD-EPI eGFR when weighted towards cortical echogenicity
Authors: Araújo Nordeval Cavalcante , Rebelo Maria Alice Puga , da Silveira Rioja Lilimar , Suassuna José Hermógenes Rocco 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The renal length and cortical echogenicity have shown correlation to the renal function and histological changes in CKD patients. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of crude and composite ultrasound parameters based on kidney measurements and cortical echogenicity to detect renal dysfunction and histological changes.

Methods
Kidney sonography and biopsy were performed in 112 patients. Histological changes were graded in 0, < 25%, ≥25%, ≤50 and > 50% of the sample. Cortical echogenicity was graded relative to liver or spleen parenchyma: less than, equal to and higher than the liver/spleen. Kidney length, the kidney length/body height ratio (KL/H) and cortical thickness were obtained. Each parameter was multiplied by a cortical echogenicity-weighting arbitrary factor: 1.17, 1 or 0.69 for cortex less than, equal to or higher than the liver, respectively. The GFR was estimated using the CKD-EPI formula. The accuracy of crude and composite parameters to identify patients with a high creatinine, a low GFR and histological changes were evaluated.

Results
The discriminative power of kidney length and cortical thickness for renal dysfunction and histological changes was improved after weighting for cortical echogenicity. However, the best discriminative was the kidney length to height ratio weighted towards renal echogenicity (w-KL/H).

Conclusion
w-KL/H exceeded the other parameters as a marker of renal impairment and histological changes in CKD. Calculation of the w-KL/H index may be of help as a non-invasive tool to identify patients with significant renal disease and might be useful to guide therapeutic decisions.
Medical, pharmacy and nursing students in the Baltic countries: interactions with the pharmaceutical and medical device industries
Authors: Salmane-Kulikovska Ieva , Poplavska Elita , Mezinska Signe , Dumpe Vita , Dauvarte Helena , Lazdina Lina , Marchockij Aleksandr , Varzinskas Karolis , Mintzes Barbara J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Interactions between pharmaceutical and medical device industries and students can lead to commercial influences on educational messages, with a potential to bias future treatment choice. This is the first study in the Baltic countries describing exposure and attitudes of medical, pharmacy and nursing students towards cooperation with industry.

Methods
A cross-sectional on-line survey of current medical, pharmacy and nursing students (n = 918) in three Baltic countries was carried out.

Results
We found that most students participate in events organized or sponsored by industry and accept a range of gifts and benefits. Students in the Baltic countries consider cooperation with industry important; at the same time, most do not feel that they have sufficient training on how to ethically interact with pharmaceutical and medical device companies and believe that these interactions can influence their prescribing or dispensing patterns. There is a tendency to rationalize cooperation with industry by referring to the current economic situation and patient benefits. Pharmacy students have higher rates of participation and they accept gifts and other benefits more often than nursing or medical students; therefore, they are likely to be more vulnerable to potential industry influence.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the need to include topics on ethics and conflicts of interests in cooperation with industry in curriculum of health care students in Baltic countries. Without proper training, students continue to be at risk to industry influence and may develop habits for their further practice differing from evidence-based practice in prescribing and dispensing of medicines, as well as use of medical devices.
Effect of routine seasonal malaria chemoprevention on malaria trends in children under 5 years in Dangassa, Mali
Authors: Konaté Drissa , Diawara Sory I. , Touré Mahamoudou , Diakité Seidina A. S. , Guindo Agnès , Traoré Karim , Diarra Ayouba , Keita Bourama , Thiam Sibe , Keita Moussa , Sissoko Ibrahim , Sogoba Nafomon , Traoré Sékou F. , Krogtad Donald J. , Doumbia Seydou , Diakité Mahamadou 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is a new strategy to prevent malaria in children under 5 years old. It has been recommended by the World Health Organization since 2012 in malaria-endemic areas with seasonal transmission. This study aimed to assess the changes in malaria indicators through two consecutive years of SMC routine implementation in children under 5 years old in Dangassa, where malaria is endemic with a long and high transmission season.

Methods
From 2012 to 2016, a cohort study was conducted in Dangassa village. The study team based in the village followed all malaria clinical cases in children under 5 years old at the community health centre. During the study, SMC was routinely implemented in collaboration with the National Malaria Control Programme. The Cox regression model was used in order to compare malaria risk during the study.

Results
The Cox regression model showed a significant reduction in malaria clinical incidence, both in 2015 (HR = 0.27 (0.18–0.40), 95% CI) and in 2016 (HR = 0.23 (0.15–0.35), 95% CI) of SMC implementation compared to October 2013. Gametocyte and fever prevalence was lower between September and October during SMC implementation (2015 and 2016) compared to the same period before SMC implementation (2013–2014). A slight increase of malaria incidence was observed in December at the end of SMC implementation.

Conclusion
SMC has significantly reduced both malaria incidence and gametocyte prevalence and improved haemoglobin levels in children under 5 years old after 2 years of routine implementation.
Aproximaciones en torno a la violencia generada en contra de adolescentes embarazadas
Authors: Candelario Moros Mónica 
Published: April 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo de refl exión radica en examinar y analizar la violencia intrafamiliar en contra de adolescentes en embarazo, en el cual, se comprueba las fortalezas y debilidades del tema a nivel general. Asimismo, este artículo entrega como resultados relevantes las consecuencias y repercusiones del fenómeno en todos los estratos sociales, educativos, culturales e incluso étnicos. Metodológicamente este trabajo es de tipo descriptivo, cualitativo, pues pretende registrar una caracterización del fenómeno objeto de estudio a partir de una preocupación empírica que se refl eja en la violencia generalizada contra una de las condiciones más sensibles de la humanidad como son las adolescentes en estado de embarazo.
First serological evidence of West Nile virus among equines and birds in Kosovo, 2018-2019
Authors: Rexhepi Agim , Sherifi Kurtesh , Berxholi Kristaq , Xhekaj Betim , Muja-Bajraktari Nesade , Özkul Aykut , von Possel Ronald , Emmerich Petra 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to survey the presence of West Nile virus (WNV) in Kosovo by serological testing of apparently healthy local horses and attempts to detect viral nucleic acid in birds and mosquitoes. Methods: Between January 2018 and June 2019, 260 equine serum samples were collected, additionally 580 adult mosquitoes (53 pools) grouped in for genera, including Culex spp. (226 individuals; 26 pools), Aedes spp. (136 individuals; 16 pools), Anopheles spp . (184 individuals; 7 pools), Culiseta spp . (34 individuals; 4 pools). 50 domestic birds and 51 wild birds were collected from different regions of Kosovo. Equine and domestic bird serum samples were tested by flavivirus IgG ELISA while mosquitoes and bird viscera were tested for WNV RNA by RT-qPCR. All ELISA-positive results were confirmed by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) and by virus neutralization test (VNT). Results: This is the first report providing evidence of WNV antibodies among animals in Kosovo. WNV antibodies were present in 27 out of 260 equine sera (10.38%) and one out of 50 samples in domestic birds by ELISA and PRNT. Eight of 27 positive equine serum samples with high titer neutralized WNV, but not USUV. No WNV RNA was detected in birds or mosquitoes. Conclusions: The occurrence of WNV antibodies in local equines from all regions of Kosovo indicates that the virus is circulating within the country. Public health authorities should therefore plan a risk assessment and disease control program. Keywords: West Nile virus, Kosovo, Equines, Birds, Mosquitoes.
Energy-dense nutrient-poor snacks and risk of non-alcoholic fattyliver disease: a case-control study in Iran
Authors: yari zahra , Cheraghpour Makan , Aghamohammadi Vahideh , Alipour Meysam , Ghanei Nila , Hekmatdoost Azita 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the association between energy-dense nutrient-poor snacks intake and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Iranian adults. For this purpose, a total of 143 cases with a newly confirmed diagnosis of NAFLD and 471 controls free of the disease were studied. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire.Results: The percentage of calories from total energy-dense nutrient-poor snacks was 6.08% and 5.04%, in patients and controls, respectively (p=0.036). Compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of total energy-dense nutrient-poor snacks intake, the risk of NAFLD for those in the top quartile of consumption increased by about two times, in both crude (OR:1.94; 95% CIs: 1.16-3.26; P for trend=0.015) and adjusted (OR:2.27; 95%CIs: 1.19-4.31; P for trend=0.001) models. The relative odds of NAFLD increased significantly in the fourth quartile of dietary cake and biscuit (OR: 1.21, P for trend=0.037) and soft drinks (OR: 1.64, P for trend=0.005) intake compared with the lowest corresponding quartiles, after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol, energy intake. Our results indicate that there might be a moderate positive association between energy-dense nutrient-poor snacks intake and risk of NAFLD.