bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal nuchal translucency followed by normal microarray analysis is associated with placental pathology‐related complications
Authors: Krispin Eyal , Kushnir Anya , Shemer Asaf , Rienstein Shlomit , Berkenstadt Michal , Yinon Yoav , Weisz Boaz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveIdentify placental pathology‐related complications, labor and neonatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by pathological nuchal translucency (NT) with normal microarray analysis.MethodsA retrospective study in which all women with singleton pregnancy who demonstrated NT above 3 mm and a normal microarray analysis were matched to women with normal NT and a normal microarray analysis (2013–2019) in a single tertiary academic center. The following placental pathology‐related parameters were measured: preeclampsia, oligohydramnios, suspected intrauterine growth restriction, abnormal Doppler studies or small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. The primary outcome was defined as a composite of complications related to placental pathology including preeclampsia and SGA neonate. Secondary outcomes were labor complications and neonatal morbidity.ResultsA total of 185 women were included in the study: of them, 47 presented an abnormal NT (study group) and 138 presented normal NT (controls). Groups did not significantly differ in baseline characteristics. Regarding primary outcome, all placental‐related complications frequencies were higher in the study group, with a composite rate of 17.02% versus 6.52% in controls (p = 0.042%). Secondary outcomes did not differ between groups.ConclusionsAbnormal NT measurement presented in pregnancies with normal fetal microarray analysis is associated with higher rates of placental‐related complications.
Dynamic event‐triggered approach for networked control systems under denial of service attacks
Authors: Zhao Ning , Shi Peng , Xing Wen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article studies the problems of exponential stabilization and ‐gain performance for networked control systems (NCSs) with transmission delays and periodic denial‐of‐service (DoS) attacks by exploring a resilient event‐triggered communication mechanism. First, a new resilient event‐triggered mechanism is developed to eliminate the adverse effects of network congestion caused by DoS attacks and decrease redundant communication so as to ensure efficient utilization of the limited network resources. The threshold parameter in the predefined event‐triggered condition can be adjusted according to the dynamic characteristics of the system. Then, an event‐driven control protocol is proposed, and a new switched NCS model is constructed. Sufficient conditions are then presented to ensure the exponential stability and ‐gain performance of the resulting closed‐loop system. Moreover, a co‐design scheme of the parameters in the event‐triggered condition and the controller gain is provided. Finally, the effectiveness and advantages of the new design techniques are verified through a comparative study for a robot manipulator control system.
Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome: A double-blind, phase 1/2a, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lanzoni Giacomo , Linetsky Elina , Correa Diego , Messinger Cayetano Shari , Alvarez Roger A. , Kouroupis Dimitrios , Alvarez Gil Ana , Poggioli Raffaella , Ruiz Phillip , Marttos Antonio C. , Hirani Khemraj , Bell Crystal A. , Kusack Halina , Rafkin Lisa , Baidal David , Pastewski Andrew , Gawri Kunal , Leñero Clarissa , Mantero Alejandro M. A. , Metalonis Sarah W. , Wang Xiaojing , Roque Luis , Masters Burlett , Kenyon Norma S. , Ginzburg Enrique , Xu Xiumin , Tan Jianming , Caplan Arnold I. , Glassberg Marilyn K. , Alejandro Rodolfo , Ricordi Camillo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 is associated with high mortality. Mesenchymal stem cells are known to exert immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and could yield beneficial effects in COVID-19 ARDS. The objective of this study was to determine safety and explore efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) infusions in subjects with COVID-19 ARDS. A double-blind, phase 1/2a, randomized, controlled trial was performed. Randomization and stratification by ARDS severity was used to foster balance among groups. All subjects were analyzed under intention to treat design. Twenty-four subjects were randomized 1:1 to either UC-MSC treatment (n = 12) or the control group (n = 12). Subjects in the UC-MSC treatment group received two intravenous infusions (at day 0 and 3) of 100 ± 20 × 106 UC-MSCs; controls received two infusions of vehicle solution. Both groups received best standard of care. Primary endpoint was safety (adverse events [AEs]) within 6 hours; cardiac arrest or death within 24 hours postinfusion). Secondary endpoints included patient survival at 31 days after the first infusion and time to recovery. No difference was observed between groups in infusion-associated AEs. No serious adverse events (SAEs) were observed related to UC-MSC infusions. UC-MSC infusions in COVID-19 ARDS were found to be safe. Inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in UC-MSC-treated subjects at day 6. Treatment was associated with significantly improved patient survival (91% vs 42%, P = .015), SAE-free survival (P = .008), and time to recovery (P = .03). UC-MSC infusions are safe and could be beneficial in treating subjects with COVID-19 ARDS.
Role of Nanopore Geometry in Particle Resolution by Resistive‐Pulse Sensing
Authors: Yilmaz Durdane , Kaya Dila , Kececi Kaan , Dinler Ali 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNanopores as resistive pulse sensors can effectively detect single‐particles of several types including molecules without the need of labelling. Although pore geometry has a significant role in the formation of the obtained signals, it has been investigated relatively little. In the present study, we run simulations to consider the effects of pore geometry and compare conical, cigar and hourglass shaped pores at the conditions where both the resistive and conductive pulses occur in the conical pore. We examine the pulse magnitudes in relation to variations in size and charge for spherical particles. We also compare the pore geometries for when the particles pass through an off‐axis trajectory, close to the pore wall. The results show that distorting the conical shape into an hourglass or a cigar shape can significantly enhance the sensing capability of the nanopore. We show that at identical conditions, the hourglass pore only generates resistive pulses unlike the other two geometries. In the absence of the conductive pulses, the hourglass pore is robust to the variations in the particle charge and its pulse magnitudes are less affected by the particle trajectory than the cigar pore. The comparison shows that the hourglass pore may yield the best performance for size discrimination purposes. On the other hand, the conductive pulses carry valuable information and accordingly, by the aid of conductive pulses, the cigar pore can outperform the other geometries for the detection of charged particles.
Application of artificial neural network for predicting dynamic along‐wind response of tall buildings
Authors: Nikose Trupti J. , Sonparote Ranjan S. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThis paper presents the simplified approach based on the artificial neural network (ANN) for predictions of the dynamic along‐wind response in the context of the Indian Wind Standard IS 875 (Part 3): 2015. This standard provides direct guidelines for the specific aspect ratio of buildings (h/b ratio as 3, 5, 10, and 20) for assessing along‐wind loads. Evaluation of dynamic wind load and its responses, for the aspect ratio not specified in the IS 875 (Part 3): 2015, may have to be estimated by the boundary layer wind tunnel experiment or other computational techniques. Both the experimentation and computational methods are expensive in terms of time and the resources required. Alternatively, ANN is an efficient and cost‐effective computational technique that can be employed to estimate the dynamic wind response of a building. In this paper, ANN predicted estimations are presented for calculating dynamic along‐wind base shear and base bending moment of a tall building. The response is generated using the best fit ANN model for the aspect ratio (h/b) ranging in between 3 and 20. Finally, these responses were used to propose a simplified empirical equation as a function of aspect ratio, side ratio, wind velocity, and terrain category. Furthermore, charts were developed for calculating the story shear force and story bending moments for the building heights varying from 100 to 250 m. The proposed new approach is one of the quick evaluators for dynamic along‐wind response of the tall buildings.
Ocular hamartoma in a five‐day‐old calf
Authors: Hwang Hyejin , Kim Daesik , Hillers Kim , Kim Min Su 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHamartomas are developed focal malformations that resemble neoplasms, resulting from faulty development in an organ. They are composed of a disorganised mixture of cells and tissues normally found in the area of the body where the growth occurs, and develop and grow at the same rate as adjacent tissues. A five‐day‐old male native Korean calf presented with a left ocular mass, with tissue protruding from the eye. No pain response was elicited on palpation. Based on clinical examination, enucleation was performed. The majority of the mass consisted of bland fibro‐adipose tissue with mild inflammation, and no other abnormalities were noted. Histopathology of the left eye mass was consistent with an ocular hamartoma. The calf recovered well and was discharged from the hospital. The case report is the first known example of an ocular hamartoma manifesting in a newborn calf.
The feasibility of shortwave infrared imaging and inverse numerical modeling for rapid estimation of soil hydraulic properties
Authors: Babaeian Ebrahim , Sadeghi Morteza , Gohardoust Mohammad R. , Arthur Emmanuel , Effati Mohaddese , Jones Scott B. , Tuller Markus 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMeasurements of the soil water characteristic (SWC) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity [K(h)] curves, which are at the core of modeling flow and transport processes in porous media, are laborious and prone to experimental errors. To overcome some of the current experimental limitations, we examined the potential feasibility of shortwave infrared (SWIR) imaging of water imbibition into dry soil during a controlled laboratory experiment in conjunction with inverse numerical modeling to determine the wetting SWC and the K(h) function. To generate time series of high‐resolution surface moisture maps, the imaged surface reflectance was converted to surface soil moisture via a recently developed physical radiative transfer model. The moisture time series were then used to parameterize the HYDRUS 2D/3D numerical code for forward simulations. The optimization was performed with simulated annealing in MATLAB that was linked to HYDRUS 2D/3D to automate the inversion process. The obtained SWC wetting curves were subsequently compared with Tempe cell and Dewpoint PotentiaMeter measurements. Although further research and refinements of the proposed method are needed, the results of this exploratory study obtained for a broad range of soil textures are promising and demonstrate the potential feasibility of the proposed approach for rapid estimation of soil hydraulic properties.
Filter for penetration resistance correction in cultivated and compacted Histosols
Authors: Guedessou Cedrick Victoir , Caron Jean , Libbrecht Christophe , Gallichand Jacques , Dessureault‐Rompré Jacynthe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to design, using field data, a filter to correct the soil penetration resistance (PR) values by considering all the effects (penetration friction component [PFC], varying penetration rate, and shocks) that bias PR interpretation. The data used were collected in cultivated peatlands of Montérégie (Canada) known for their advanced state of compaction. Penetration resistance (standard measurements) and cone resistance (CR) measurements (successive measurements per 10‐cm layer) were carried out on four peatlands (five stations per peatland). The filter components, a multi‐resolution analysis (AMR), a polynomial model, and a quantification and removal of PFC were identified and were used to design the filter and tested by cross‐validation. Our study showed that PFC exists (p value < 5%) and does not depend on the peatland on which the measurements are made. An average filter has therefore been designed for the entire site and its effectiveness has been demonstrated. An application to the data collected in 10 fields on the site made it possible to identify the main soil density profiles existing in Montérégie and to quantify the average PFC characterizing these soils. We noticed that, on average, PFC represents between 18.6 and 41% of the PR value. The combined results of the statistical and physical analyses of the filter made it possible to recommend degrees 2 (D2), 3 (D3), and 5 (D5) of the polynomial model to adjust density profiles of cultivated Histosols when there are no, one, or two compact layers.
Evaluation eines nutzerorientierten eLearning-Angebots für die Augenheilkunde
Authors: Müller Andreas , Schmidt Franziska , Pfeiffer Norbert , Brill Anita , Prokosch Verena 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Digitales Lernen wird in humanmedizinischen Studiengängen meist mittels Learning-Management-Plattformen wie „Ilias“ umgesetzt. Oft werden Vorlesungsfolien und Organisatorisches hierbei online gestellt. Allerdings nutzen Studierende auch externe Quellen und Lernformate in ihrem Lernprozess. Wir stellen hier die Neugestaltung unseres digitalen Lernangebotes und dessen Beurteilung durch die Studenten vor.

Ziel der Arbeit
Evaluation einer eLearning-Plattform für Studierende der Humanmedizin, welche übliches Lernverhalten berücksichtigt.

Material und Methoden
Die Plattform sollte, geordnet nach Augenstrukturen, eine Auswahl an in- und externen Lernmaterialien verknüpfen. Zu jedem Thema erstellten wir ein Skript zu den jeweiligen zentralen Inhalten, Fallbeispiele, Vorlesungsfolien, Übungsfragen und Kapitel von Lehrbüchern sowie die entsprechende Amboss-Lernkarte (Amboss GmbH, Berlin, Deutschland). Am Semesterende erfolgte eine Evaluation der Plattform. In einem Fragebogen wurden verschiedene Aussagen auf Ordinalskalen von Studierenden bewertet.

Ergebnisse
Die Plattform wurde mit 1,47 ± 0,54 (Mittelwert ± Standardabweichung) bewertet (n = 107; Schulnote 1 = sehr gut, 6 = ungenügend). Sie wurde mit 1,62 ± 0,77 als sehr hilfreich für das eigene Lernen empfunden (1 = sehr hilfreich, 7 = gar nicht hilfreich). Die Strukturierung der internen und externen Lernmaterialien wurde als sehr gut mit 1,44 ± 0,66 bewertet (1 = sehr gut, 7 = sehr schlecht). Im Median wurde eine Nutzungsdauer von 1–5 h angegeben (Ordinalskala <1, 1–5, 6–10, 15–20, >20 h).

Diskussion
Es erscheint sinnvoll, häufig genutzte externe Lernmaterialien gezielt mit der eigenen curricularen Struktur und ihren Inhalten zu verknüpfen und digital auf einer Plattform zur Verfügung zu stellen, um eine zeitgemäße Basis für Wissenserwerb für Studierende in der Augenheilkunde zu schaffen.
The role of calcium homeostasis remodeling in inherited cardiac arrhythmia syndromes
Authors: Hamilton Shanna , Veress Roland , Belevych Andriy , Terentyev Dmitry 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSudden cardiac death due to malignant ventricular arrhythmias remains the major cause of mortality in the postindustrial world. Defective intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis has been well established as a key contributing factor to the enhanced propensity for arrhythmia in acquired cardiac disease, such as heart failure or diabetic cardiomyopathy. More recent advances provide a strong basis to the emerging view that hereditary cardiac arrhythmia syndromes are accompanied by maladaptive remodeling of Ca2+ homeostasis which substantially increases arrhythmic risk. This brief review will focus on functional changes in elements of Ca2+ handling machinery in cardiomyocytes that occur secondary to genetic mutations associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and long QT syndrome.
A linear-elasticity-based mesh moving method with no cycle-to-cycle accumulated distortion
Authors: Tonon Patrícia , Sanches Rodolfo André Kuche , Takizawa Kenji , Tezduyar Tayfun E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGood mesh moving methods are always part of what makes moving-mesh methods good in computation of flow problems with moving boundaries and interfaces, including fluid–structure interaction. Moving-mesh methods, such as the space–time (ST) and arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods, enable mesh-resolution control near solid surfaces and thus high-resolution representation of the boundary layers. Mesh moving based on linear elasticity and mesh-Jacobian-based stiffening (MJBS) has been in use with the ST and ALE methods since 1992. In the MJBS, the objective is to stiffen the smaller elements, which are typically placed near solid surfaces, more than the larger ones, and this is accomplished by altering the way we account for the Jacobian of the transformation from the element domain to the physical domain. In computing the mesh motion between time levels$$t_n$$tnand$$t_{n+1}$$tn+1with the linear-elasticity equations, the most common option is to compute the displacement from the configuration at$$t_n$$tn. While this option works well for most problems, because the method is path-dependent, it involves cycle-to-cycle accumulated mesh distortion. The back-cycle-based mesh moving (BCBMM) method, introduced recently with two versions, can remedy that. In the BCBMM, there is no cycle-to-cycle accumulated distortion. In this article, for the first time, we present mesh moving test computations with the BCBMM. We also introduce a version we call “half-cycle-based mesh moving” (HCBMM) method, and that is for computations where the boundary or interface motion in the second half of the cycle consists of just reversing the steps in the first half and we want the mesh to behave the same way. We present detailed 2D and 3D test computations with finite element meshes, using as the test case the mesh motion associated with wing pitching. The computations show that all versions of the BCBMM perform well, with no cycle-to-cycle accumulated distortion, and with the HCBMM, as the wing in the second half of the cycle just reverses its motion steps in the first half, the mesh behaves the same way.
Timelines and rebleeds in patients admitted into neurosurgical care for aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Sorteberg Angelika , Romundstad Luis , Sorteberg Wilhelm 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Mortality and morbidity of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) remain high, and prognosis is influenced by multiple non-modifiable factors such as aSAH severity. By analysing the chronology of aSAH management, we aim at identifying modifiable factors with emphasis on the occurrence of rebleeds in a setting with 24/7 surgical and endovascular availability of aneurysm repair and routine administration of tranexamic acid.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of institutional quality registry data of aSAH cases admitted into neurosurgical care during the time period 01 January 2013–31 December 2017. We registered time and mode of aneurysm repair, haemorrhage patterns, course of treatment, mortality and functional outcome. Rebleeding was scored along the entire timeline from ictus to discharge from the primary stay.

Results
We included 544 patients (368, 67.6% female), aged 58 ± 14 years (range 1–95 years). Aneurysm repair was performed in 486/544 (89.3%) patients at median 7.4 h after arrival and within 3, 6, 12 and 24 h in 26.8%, 44.7%, 73.0% and 96.1%, respectively. There were circadian variations in time to repair and in rebleeds. Rebleeding prior to aneurysm repair occurred in 9.7% and increased with aSAH severity and often in conjunction with patient relocations or interventions. Rebleeds occurred more often during surgical repair outside regular working hours, whereas rebleeds after repair (1.8%) were linked to endovascular repair.

Conclusions
The risk of rebleed is imminent throughout the entire timeline of aSAH management even with ultra-early aneurysm repair. Several modifiable factors can be linked to the occurrence of rebleeds and they should be identified and optimised within neurosurgical departments.
Raman spectroscopic study of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Zheng Cheng-Xia , Ma Cai-Ling , Zheng Xiang-Xiang , Lv Xiao-Yi , Lv Guo-Dong , Tang Jun , Wu Guo-Hua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEarly detection of cervical lesions, accurate diagnosis of cervical lesions, and timely and effective therapy can effectively avoid the occurrence of cervical cancer or improve the survival rate of patients. In this paper, the spectra of tissue sections of cervical inflammation (n = 60), CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) I (n = 30), CIN II (n = 30), CIN III (n = 30), cervical squamous cell carcinoma (n = 30), and cervical adenocarcinoma (n = 30) were collected by a confocal Raman micro-spectrometer (LabRAM HR Evolution, Horiba France SAS, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France). The Raman spectra of six kinds of cervical tissues were analyzed, the dominant Raman peaks of different kinds of tissues were summarized, and the differences in chemical composition between the six tissue samples were compared. An independent sample t test (p ≤ 0.05) was used to analyze the difference of average relative intensity of Raman spectra of six types of cervical tissues. The difference of relative intensity of Raman spectra of six kinds of tissues can reflect the difference of biochemical components in six kinds of tissues and the characteristic of biochemical components in different kinds of tissues. The classification models of cervical inflammation, CIN I, CIN II, CIN III, cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical adenocarcinoma were established by using a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Six types of cervical tissues were classified and identified with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 85.7%. This study laid a foundation for the application of Raman spectroscopy in the clinical diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer.
Neuroblastoma and the epigenome
Authors: Fetahu Irfete S. , Taschner-Mandl Sabine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNeuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system and one of the most common solid tumors in infancy. Amplification of MYCN, copy number alterations, numerical and segmental chromosomal aberrations, mutations, and rearrangements on a handful of genes, such as ALK, ATRX, TP53, RAS/MAPK pathway genes, and TERT, are attributed as underlying causes that give rise to NB. However, the heterogeneous nature of the disease—along with the relative paucity of recurrent somatic mutations—reinforces the need to understand the interplay of genetic factors and epigenetic alterations in the context of NB. Epigenetic mechanisms tightly control gene expression, embryogenesis, imprinting, chromosomal stability, and tumorigenesis, thereby playing a pivotal role in physio- and pathological settings. The main epigenetic alterations include aberrant DNA methylation, disrupted patterns of posttranslational histone modifications, alterations in chromatin composition and/or architecture, and aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs. DNA methylation and demethylation are mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins, respectively, while histone modifications are coordinated by histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases (HATs, HDACs), and histone methyltransferases and demethylases (HMTs, HDMs). This article focuses predominately on the crosstalk between the epigenome and NB, and the implications it has on disease diagnosis and treatment.