bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Iron Status and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Europeans: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study
Authors: Hou Chenyang , Hou Qingzhi , Xie Xing , Wang Huifeng , Chen Yueliang , Lu Tingxi , Wu Qunying , Liang Yongcong , Hu Yanling , Mao Yuang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous observational studies showed that there was a conflict about serum iron status and the risk of breast cancer, which could have an impact on the prevention of breast cancer.Object: We used a two sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) study to explore the causal relationship between iron status and the risk of breast cancer.Method: To select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which could be used as instrumental variables for iron status, we used the Genetics of Iron Status consortium. Moreover, we used the OncoArray network to select SNPs of instrumental variables for the outcome (breast cancer). The conservative instruments (SNPs were all consistent with iron status) and liberal instruments (SNPs was associated with at least one of iron status) were used in MR analysis. In the conservative instruments set we used an inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach, and in the liberal instruments set we used the IVW, MR-Egger regression, weighted median and simple mode approach. Results: In the conservative approach, none of the iron status were statistically significant for breast cancer or its subtypes. And in the liberal approach, transferrin was positively associated with ER-negative breast cancer by simple mode (OR for MR: 1.225; 95% CI: 1.064, 1.410; P=0.030). However, other iron statuses had no association with breast cancer or its subtypes (P>0.05).Conclusion: Our MR study, in the liberal approach, suggested that changes in the concentration of transferrin could increase the risk of ER-negative breast cancer, and other iron statuses had no effect on breast cancer or its subtypes. This could be verified in future studies.
A theoretic approach to the breast tissue microbiomes under tumor influences with near-neutral, neutral and niche-neutral hybrid models
Authors: Li Lianwei , Ma Zhanshan Sam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The structure and dynamics of breast tissue microbiomes can have far-reaching influences on women’s health, particularly on breast tumor development. However, there is currently little understanding on the ecological processes that shape the structure and dynamics of breast tissue microbiomes.Methods: Here we fill the gap by applying three metacommunity models for investigating the community assembly and diversity maintenance, including Sloan near neutral model, Harris et al. multisite neutral and Tang & Zhou niche-neutral hybrid models to reanalyze the 16s-rRNA sequencing datasets of 23 healthy, 12 benign tumor, and 33 malignant tumor tissue samples. To remedy the practical difficulty in collecting tissue microbiome samples, we adopted a sophisticated random re-sampling (up to 1000 times) scheme in applying the three metacommunity models for analyzing the patterns in the breast tissue microbiomes. Results: First, we found that, at the community/metacommunity levels, the mechanisms of microbiome assembly and diversity maintenance of breast tissue microbiomes were predominantly driven by stochastic drifts of bacteria demography (division, death and dispersal of bacterial cells), whereas the deterministic selection forces such as tumor progression were insignificant. However, at species level, on average, approximately 10% and 5% species were above (positively-selected) and below (negatively-selected) neutral, respectively. Furthermore, malignant tumor may raise the positively selected species up to 17%. Second, malignant tumor appears to inhibit microbial dispersal as evidenced by lowered migration rates, compared with the migration in normal and benign tumor tissues.Conclusions: The mechanisms of microbiome assembly and diversity maintenance of breast tissue microbiomes were predominantly driven by stochastic drifts, and malignant tumor may inhibit microbial dispersal. These theoretic findings can be inspirational for further investigating the relationships between tissue microbiomes and breast tumor progression/development.
Genetically predicted C-reactive protein associated with breast cancer risk: interrelation with estrogen and cancer molecular subtypes using a Mendelian randomization
Authors: Jung Su Yon , Papp Jeanette C. , Sobel Eric M. , Pellegrini Matteo , Yu Herbert , Zhang Zuo-Feng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Immune-related etiologic pathways that influence breast cancer risk are incompletely understood and may be confounded by lifestyles or reverse causality. Using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, we investigated the potential causal relationship between genetically elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and primary invasive breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women.Methods: We used individual-level data obtained from 10,170 women, including 537 who developed breast cancer, from the Women’s Health Initiative Database for Genotypes and Phenotypes Study, which consists of 5 genome-wide association (GWA) studies. We examined 61 GWA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with CRP. We employed weighted/penalized weighted–medians and MR gene–environment interactions that allow instruments’ invalidity to some extent and attenuate the heterogeneous estimates of outlying SNPs.Results: In lifestyle-stratification analyses, genetically elevated CRP decreased risk for breast cancer in exogenous estrogen-only, estrogen + progestin, and past oral contraceptive (OC) users, but only among relatively short-term users (< 5 years). Estrogen-only users for ≥ 5 years had more profound CRP-decreased breast cancer risk in dose-response fashion, whereas past OC users for ≥ 5 years had CRP-increased cancer risk. Also, genetically predicted CRP was strongly associated with increased risk for hormone-receptor positive or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 negative breast cancer.Conclusions: Our findings may provide novel evidence on the immune-related pathways linking to breast cancer risk, and suggest potential clinical use of CRP to predict the specific cancer subtypes and CRP–inflammatory marker targeting interventions to reduce postmenopausal breast cancer risk.
PLEKHA7, an apical adherens junction protein, suppresses inflammatory breast cancer in the context of high E-cadherin and p120-catenin expression.
Authors: Pence Lindy J , Kourtidis Antonis , Feathers Ryan W. , Haddad Mary T. , Sotiriou Sotiris , Decker Paul , Nassar Aziza , Ocal Idris T. , Shah Sejal S. , Anastasiadis Panos Z 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory breast cancer is a highly aggressive form of breast cancer that robustly forms clusters of tumor emboli in dermal lymphatics and readily metastasizes. Inflammatory breast cancers express high levels of E-cadherin, the major protein of adherens junctions, which may enhance the ability of tumor cells to form such clusters and contribute to metastasis. Seemingly contradictory, E-cadherin has both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting roles in cancer; previous studies suggest that this depends on the balance between apical and basolateral cadherin-catenin complexes. Methods: In the present study, we use immunohistochemistry of inflammatory breast cancer patient samples and biochemical analysis of cell lines to determine the expression of PLEKHA7, an apical adherens junction protein. We use viral transduction to ectopically express PLEKHA7 in the SUM149 inflammatory breast cancer cell line. The effect of PLEKHA7 on the aggressiveness of inflammatory breast cancer in 2D, 3D and in-vivo were examined. Results: We determined that PLEKHA7 was deregulated in inflammatory breast cancer, demonstrating improper localization or lost expression in a strong majority of patient samples and very low expression in cell line models. We found that re-expressing PLEKHA7 is sufficient to suppress proliferation, anchorage independent growth, spheroid viability, and tumor growth in-vivo. We also observed a negative-selection pressure within the xenograft tumors to lose PLEKHA7 function or expression.Conclusions: The data indicate that PLEKHA7 is frequently deregulated and acts as a suppressor of inflammatory breast cancer. They also suggest that the resulting imbalance between apical and basolateral cadherin-catenin complexes contributes to growth, survival and emboli-forming capacities of inflammatory breast cancer.
Keistimewaan Manusia (Analisis Pesan Dakwah Felix Siauw dalam Video Youtube Kajian Islam Rahmatan Lil Alamin)
Authors: Azami Hadiana Trendi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article will discuss the idiosyncrasy of humans by using a qualitative method and descriptive analysis approach. According to Felix Siauw in understanding the potential of human life should be dissected in advance about human nature and the factors that influence it. After that can be aware of potential human life that is at once a privilege of the human. Among the privileges of man, namely physical needs, instincts, sense and mind, and nature for days. The purpose of this Article review about understanding the verses of the Qur'an and the message of da'wah put forward by Felix Siauw in channel Youtube Felix Siauw. How Felix Siauw in explaining the nature of privileges human. How faceted shape of the idiosyncrasy of man according to Felix Siauw, functionality, and usability to determine the potential of human life in the context of the present. The study will be reviewed from the perspective of maqasid of shari'ah especially related to the message verses of the Qur'an.
Keywords: Idiosyncrasy, Human, Potential, Life.

Abstrak
Artikel ini akan membahas keistimewaan manusia dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Menurut Felix Siauw dalam memahami potensi kehidupan manusia harus dibedah terlebih dahulu tentang hakikat manusia dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Setelah itu, dapat diketahui potensi kehidupan manusia yang sekaligus menjadi keistimewaan manusia. Diantara keistimewaan manusia yaitu kebutuhan jasmani, naluri, akal dan pikiran, dan fitrah untuk bertauhid. Tujuan Artikel ini mengkaji tentang pemahaman ayat al-Qur’an dan pesan dakwah yang dikemukakan oleh Felix Siauw dalam chanel Youtube Felix Siauw. Bagaimana cara Felix Siauw dalam menjelaskan hakikat keistemewaan manusia. Bagaiamana ragam bentuk keistimewaan manuia menurut Felix Siauw, fungsi dan kegunaan untuk mengetahui potensi kehidupan manusia dalam konteks kekinian.Kajian tersebut akan dikaji dalam perspektif maqasid syari’ah terutama terkait pesan ayat al-Qur’an.
Kata kunci : Keistimewaan, Manusia, Potensi, Hidup.
Altruisme Sebagai Benteng Pertahanan Keluarga Di Era 4.0 (Penafsiran Qs. Al-Hasyr Ayat 9 Perspektif Tafsir Al-Tanwir Wa Al-Tahrir Dan Al-Mizan Fi Al-Tafsir)
Authors: Dianah Fairuz , Sucipto Mohammad Hadi , Djalal Abdul , Kurjum Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses altruism in QS. Al-Hasyr verse 9 in Tafsir al-Tanwir wa al-Tahrir and al-Mizan fi al-Tafsir represented by lafadz خصاصة. Altruism is very important to be studied moreover it is related to the problems of the family of the 4.0 era today which are rife with discrimination of women, divorce, and economic problems. Returning to the values of religious altruism is one solution to build a family defense that is sakinah mawaddah and warahmah. The purpose of this study is to understand the comparison of Tafsir al-Tanwir wa al-Tahrir and al-Mizan fi al-Tafsir to understanding altruism khasasah and their implications for family defense in the 4.0 era. To achieve the objectives, the method use id qualitative method with a semantic approach. Through this reading the results obtained in study are; fist; altruism is understood as a voluntary activity carried out by a person or group to help others without expecting anything in return. Second; khasasahin QS. Al-Hasyr verse 9 has several meanings namely; 1) loving his brother because of God, 2) generous and far from being miserly, 3) putting this brother ahead of himself. Through this understanding, the implications derived from the substance of this study are the creation of altruism as a stronghold in the family in this era.
Keywords: altruism, QS. Al-Hasyr: 9, Tafsir al-Tanwir wa al-Tanwir, al-Mizan fi al-Tafsir.

Abstrak
Tulisan ini membahas tentang altruisme dalam QS. Al-Hasyr ayat 9 pada Tafsir al-Tanwir wa al-Tahrir dan al-Mizan fi al-Tafsir yang direpresentasikan oleh lafadz خصاصة. Altruisme sangat penting dikaji apalagi dikaitkan dengan problem keluarga era 4.0 dewasa ini yang marak dengan diskriminasi perempuan, perceraiaan dan problem ekonomi. Mengembalikan pada nilai-nilai altruisme agama menjadi salah satu solusi untuk membangun pertahanan keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah dan warahmah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami komparasi Tafsir al-Tanwir wa al-Tahrir dan al-Mizan fi al-Tafsir terhadap pemahaman altruisme khasasahdan implikasinya terhadap pertahanan keluarga di era 4.0. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan semantik. Melalui pembacaai ini, hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah; pertama; altruisme dipahami sebagai kegiatan suka rela yang dilakukan seseorang atau kelompok untuk menolong orang lain tanpa mengharapkan imbalan apapun. Kedua; lafad khasasah dalam QS. Al-Hasyr ayat 9 memiliki beberapa makna yaitu; 1) mencintai saudaranya karena Allah, 2) dermawan dan jauh dari sifat kikir, 3) mengutamakan saudaranya daripada dirinya sendiri. Melalui pemahaman ini, implikasi yang didapat dari substansi penelitian ini adalah terciptanya altruisme sebagai benteng pertahanan dalam keluarga di era sekarang ini.
Kata Kunci: altruisme, QS. Al-Hasyr: 9, Tafsir al-Tanwir wa al-Tahrir, al-Mizan fi al-Tafsir.
Toleransi Agama Menurut Pandangan Syaikh Wahbah Al-Zahayli
Authors: Muhammad Alaika Abdi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Religious tolerance has always been an interesting topic of study. The relations between religions in various parts of the world make the study has an important position. Many religious leaders try to explain the meaning of tolerance based on the verses of the Koran. The contemporary scholar who gives serious attention to tolerance is Wahbah al-Zuhayli. Methodologically, his interpretation tends to follow the approach of classical Ulema scholars. The problem of tolerance that he explained is based on the current social reality of religious communities. The idea of tolerance offered by al-Zuhayli begins with an explanation of the concept of wasatiyyah al-Islam. Furthermore, the interpretation of al-Zuhayli's tolerance has four main points: First, the union of Islam with the Abrahamic Religion. The existence of several roots of the same teachings in Abrahamic Religion is a way to form a moderate and tolerant attitude. Second, the principle of freedom in choosing a religion. Third, the prohibition of spreading hatred and terror. Fourth, the recommendations prioritizing justice. Al-Zuhayli's interpretation revealed a pattern of harmonious and tolerant relations between religious communities. This is, at the same time, a scientific criticism of the doctrines of violence that are echoed by radical groups.
Keywords: Religious tolerance, Wahbah al-Zuhayli, Wasathiyyah al-Islam (Islamic moderations).

Abstrak
Tema toleransi agama selalu menjadi topik yang menarik untuk dikaji. Pasangsurut hubungan antar umat beragama di berbagai belahan dunia, tak terkecuali di Indonesia, membuat kajian ini memiliki posisi yang penting dalam studi agama. Banyak agamawan, khususnya para ulama tafsir yang bersaha menjelaskan makna toleransi secara normatif berdasarkan ayat-ayat Al-Qurán. Ulama kontemporer yang memberi perhatian serius tentang toleransi adalah Wahbah al-Zuhayli. Meski secara metolodolgis penafsiran al-Zuhayli cenderung mengikuti pendekatan nas ulama klasik. Namun, problem toleransi yang ia jelaskan berdasarkan realitas sosial umat beragama saat ini. Gagasan toleransi yang ditawarkan oleh al-Zuhayli diawali dengan penjelasannya tentang konsep wasatiyyah al-Islam (moderasi Islam). Selanjutnya, al-Zuhayli mengelompokan empat hal pokok tema toleransi yang dijelaskan al-Qur’an. Pertama, relasi antar Agama Samawi. Adanya beberapa akar ajaran yang sama dalam agama samawi merupakan jalan untuk membentuk sikap moderat dan toleran. Kedua, asas kebebasaan dalam memilih agama. Poin ini menegaskan prinsip Ri’ayah al-Din yang diusung syari’at Islam. Ketiga, larangan menebar kebencian. Dan ke-empat Larangan tindakan teror serta anjuran mengutamakan keadilan. Setiap manusia berhak mendapatkan perlindungan atas kemerdekaan jiwanya. Penafsiran al-Zuhayli mengungkap adanya pola hubungan harmonis dan toleran antar umat beragama. Hal ini sekaligus merupakan kritik ilmiah atas doktrin-doktrin kekerasan yang sering dikumandangkan kelompok radikal.
Kata Kunci: Toleransi agama, Wahbah al-Zuhayli, Wasathiyyah al-Islam (moderasi Islam).
Investigating the inter-annual precipitation changes of Iran
Authors: Karami Mokhtar , Asadi Mehdi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPrecipitation is an important factor in the management of a variety of agricultural and industrial projects. This study investigated the temporal-spatial change of inter-annual precipitation of Iran from 1977 to 2007 by using the APHRODITE precipitation database. Statistical methods were applied, such as spatial auto-correlation, Global Moran's index, Local Moran's I index, and hotspots to acquire the variations in precipitation. The highest spatial anomalies belong to September (75.26) and October (45.02), based on the Dispersion index. Also, the size of the largest cluster of Iran's precipitation clusters is developed during winter, cited by the index's outputs, which indicates the relative regularity of Iran's precipitation. The results of the spatial statistics showed that inter-annual precipitation changes in Iran have an upward cluster model. The results of the Global Moran statistics showed that September, with the lowest number (0.712114), has the highest spatial precipitation anomalies throughout the year in Iran. Meanwhile, precipitation has a positive spatial autocorrelation on the Caspian Sea shores and western and south-western parts of the country (mainly Zagros highlands) and a negative spatial autocorrelation in parts of the central and south-eastern areas based on the Local Moran index and hotspots.
Changes of viral and prokaryote abundances in a high rate algal pond using flow cytometry detection
Authors: Hisee Ashleigh R. , Hisee Matthew , McKerral Jody C. , Rosenbauer Stephanie R. , Paterson James S. , Mitchell James G. , Fallowfield Howard J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
High rate algal ponds (HRAPs) are shallow, mixed systems for wastewater treatment, which use sunlight exposure for disinfection. Little is known regarding the relationships between the bacteria and viruses within HRAP systems. Uniquely, flow cytometry permits the rapid identification of bacterial and viral populations in wastewater samples, separating populations based on genome and particle size. Treated wastewater samples were collected from an HRAP at Kingston on Murray, South Australia. Flow cytometry analysis detected bacterial populations and discriminated virus-like particles (VLP) and large VLP (LVLP). Rapid, short term, fluctuations in the abundance of all three populations were observed. Changes in the abundance of these populations was compared; wastewater composition was used as metadata for the comparisons. Linear regression determined relationships in abundances between bacteria and LVLP (R2 0.2985); LVLP and VLP (R2 0.5829) and bacteria and VLP (R2 0.5778) all with p-values of &lt;0.001. Bacterial, LVLP and VLP abundance positively correlated with each other, indicating potential microbial interactions. Overall, the results suggest a parasitic relationship was occurring and driving the abundances of bacteria and viruses within the system.
A Mini-review of Computational Approaches to Predict Functions and Findings of Novel Micro Peptides
Authors: Nasir Mohsin Ali , Nawaz Samia , Huang Jian 
Published: August 2020

:
New techniques in bioinformatics and the study of the transcriptome at a wide-scale
have uncovered the fact that a large part of the genome is being translated than recently perceived
thoughts and research, bringing about the creation of a various quantity of RNA with proteincoding
and noncoding potential. A lot of RNA particles have been considered as noncoding due to
many reasons, according to developing proofs. Like many sORFs that encode many functional
micro peptides have neglected due to their tiny sizes.

:
Advanced studies reveal many major biological functions of these sORFs and their encoded micro
peptides in a different and wide range of species. All the achievement in the identification of these
sORFs and micro peptides is due to the progressive bioinformatics and high-throughput
sequencing methods. This field has pulled in more consideration due to the detection of a large
number of more sORFs and micro peptides. Nowadays, COVID-19 grabs all the attention of
science as it is a sudden outbreak. sORFs of COVID-19 should be revealed for new ways to
understand this virus. This review discusses ongoing progress in the systems for the identification
and distinguishing proof of sORFs and micro peptides.
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway and Epigenetic Modifications in Cancer
Authors: Yerlikaya Azmi , Kanbur Ertan , Stanley Bruce A. , Tümer Emrah 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is involved in almost all cellular processes
(cell cycle, gene transcription and translation, cell survival and apoptosis, cell metabolism and protein quality
control) mainly through the specific degradation of the majority of intracellular proteins (>80%) or partial processing
of transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB). A growing amount of evidence now indicates that epigenetic
changes are also regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Recent studies indicate that epigenetic regulations
are equally crucial for almost all biological processes as well as for pathological conditions such as
tumorigenesis, as compared to non-epigenetic control mechanisms (i.e., genetic alterations or classical signal
transduction pathways).

Objective:
Here, we reviewed the recent work highlighting the interaction of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway
components (e.g., ubiquitin, E1, E2 and E3 enzymes and 26S proteasome) with epigenetic regulators (histone
deacetylases, histone acetyltransferases and DNA methyltransferases).

Results:
Alterations in the regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway have been discovered in many pathological
conditions. For example, a 2- to 32-fold increase in proteasomal activity and/or subunits has been noted
in primary breast cancer cells. Although proteasome inhibitors have been successfully applied in the treatment
of hematological malignancies (e.g., multiple myeloma), the clinical efficacy of the proteasomal inhibition is
limited in solid cancers. Interestingly, recent studies show that the ubiquitin-proteasome and epigenetic pathways
intersect in a number of ways through the regulation of epigenetic marks (i.e., acetylation, methylation and
ubiquitylation).

Conclusion:
It is therefore believed that novel treatment strategies involving new generation ubiquitinproteasome
pathway inhibitors combined with DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylase or histone acetyltransferase
inhibitors may produce more effective results with fewer adverse effects in cancer treatment as compared
to standard chemotherapeutics in hematological as well as solid cancers.