bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemistry analysis of checkpoint kinase 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Cardoso Suziene Caroline Silva , Duarte Andressa , de Almeida Luciana Yamamoto , León Jorge Esquiche , Ribeiro-Silva Alfredo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequently occurring malignant tumor of the head and neck region. Chk2 (Checkpoint kinase 2) is considered a tumor suppressor gene that acts on the cellular response to DNA damage. However, the role of Chk2 in OSCC prognosis is not yet fully understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate Chk2 immunoexpression in OSCC and to elucidate the association between its expression and clinicopathological parameters of prognostic importance, including overall survival, disease-free survival, and metastasis-free survival.

Methods
Chk2 expression was analyzed in 101 samples from patients with OSCC using immunohistochemistry. We stratified the patients into high expression (> 66% of cells positive for Chk2) and low expression (< 66%) groups.

Results
Chk2 showed high expression in 57.43% of OSCC. In our study, the expression of Chk2 did not correlate with any of the prognostic parameters evaluated. There was no difference between overall survival, metastasis-free survival, and disease-free survival according to Chk2 expression.

Conclusion
Despite the great importance of Chk2 in the development of different types of cancer, our findings do not favor Chk2 as a prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Lost in the ACA: Bit Parts in a Landmark Law
Authors: McDonough John E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is a mosaic across a spectrum of health policy domains. The law contains hundreds of smaller and mostly unnoticed reforms aimed at nearly every segment of American health policy. Ten years later, these provisions include successes, failures, and mixed bags, which should be considered in any full assessment of the ACA. This article examines 11 from each of these 3 categories, drawn from 9 of the ACA's 10 titles. These mininarratives deepen recognition that the ACA is our best example of comprehensive health reform and defies simplistic judgments.
The Affordable Care Act in the States: Fragmented Politics, Unstable Policy
Authors: Béland Daniel , Rocco Philip , Waddan Alex 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMany argue that the frustrated implementation of the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) stems from the unprecedented level of political polarization that has surrounded the legislation. This article draws attention to the law's “institutional DNA” as a source of political struggle in the 50 states. As designed, in the context of US federalism, the law fractured authority in ways that has opened up the possibility of contestation and confusion. The successful implementation of the ACA varies not only across state lines but also across the various components of the law. In particular, opponents of the ACA have experienced their greatest successes when they could take advantage of weak preexisting policy legacies, high levels of institutional fragmentation, and negative public sentiments. As argued in this article, the fragmented patterns of health care politics in the 50 states identified in previous research have largely persisted during the Trump administration. Moreover, while Republicans were unsuccessful at repealing the legislation, the administration has taken advantage of its structural deficiencies to further weaken the legislation's capacity to expand access to affordable, quality health insurance.
The Self-Undermining Peril of “Mosaic” Reform Strategies: A Comparative View
Authors: Tuohy Carolyn Hughes 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The American Democratic leadership in the White House and Congress in 2009–10 and the British Conservative/Liberal-Democrat Coalition government in 2010–12 each pursued a strategy of rapidly assembled multiple adjustments to the prevailing policy framework for health care rather than attempting a “big-bang” strategy of sweeping institutional change. Despite their relative modesty, each set of reforms encountered a highly conflictual and tortuous process of legislative passage. Subsequently, the reforms failed to gain broad public acceptance and were variously hobbled (in the United States) and transformed (in the United Kingdom) in the course of implementation. These two cases thus offer some common lessons about the potential and the pitfalls of such complex “mosaic” reforms.
Killer Fables: Yun Ch’iho, Bourgeois Enlightenment, and the Free Laborer
Authors: Em Henry 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Drawing on Yun Ch’iho’s Diary, and outlining some of the ideological and transnational aspects of a Protestant, bourgeois consciousness that emerged in Korea at the turn of the last century, this article presents a critical reassessment of liberalism, Protestant Christianity, and the type of free laborer that bourgeois Protestants like Yun Ch’iho wanted to create. As a pious liberal, Yun Ch’iho led efforts to establish civic and religious organizations that sought to construct a free conscience that would form and maintain public opinion. This was a militant agenda in the sense that, like the evangelical teachers he met in Shanghai and at Emory College, Yun wanted to build public pressure to dismantle the Confucian political order. As a Protestant entrepreneur of free men, Yun sought to “kill the Korean.” This militant, liberal agenda aimed to discipline and embody new desires, especially among youth, to produce the free laborer, and to render the extraction of profit as a form of exchange.
Visualizing History: Truthfulness in North Korean Art
Authors: Yoon Min-Kyung 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In North Korean paintings, history is mobilized to legitimate the North Korean system and its leaders. Utilizing the mode of socialist realism, North Korean paintings give visual form to a socialist world, a utopian vision full of unremitting heroism, harvest, and happiness centered on the ruling Kim family. In these paintings, positive heroes such as laborers, workers, farmers, and children are depicted in historically correct scenes that always propel the North Korean revolution forward. After adopting socialist realism from the Soviet Union, North Korea localized this creative method to meet its specific political needs through medium and content. Through this process, socialist realism came to reflect the ideals of juche, the state ideology of North Korea. Informed by North Korean theoretical writings on art and art reviews, this article examines how history is visually mobilized in three paintings created in 1985 and 2000 through the language of juche realism.
Female Intersubjectivity: Violence, Women, and Elegy in Lee Chang-dong’s Poetry
Authors: Choi Jung Ja 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article explores the configuration of female intersubjectivity demonstrated in the film Poetry (Si, 2010) by Lee Chang-dong (Yi Ch’angdong), as well as the power of poetry to conjure the dead and provide space and voice for marginalized and silenced women. The focus of the film is Mija, a woman in her mid-sixties who works as a caregiver to a disabled man while raising a grandson on her own. Just as Mija discovers that her grandson has been implicated in a sex crime that led to a girl’s death, she learns that she herself is in the first stage of Alzheimer’s disease. It is through poetry that Mija mourns her own impending death and also that of the young girl, who is otherwise consigned to oblivion under the phallocentric order of South Korean society. Lee Chang-dong’s film, this article argues, shows that despite the impossibility of poetry in the face of tragedy, lyric imagination offers women the power to escape the patriarchal imposition of silence and preserve a story of their own.
WALTER BENJAMIN: MITO Y ESCRITURA
Authors: Jarauta Francisco 
Published: March 2020

Dentro de los enfoques ontológicos le debemos a Walter Benjamin la más reveladora descripción de la tarea del traductor. Para él la traducción es ante todo una “forma” y su traducibilidad es esencial en cuanto las lenguas no son extrañas entre sí, sino que a priori mantienen una semejanza en la forma de decir las cosas. Bajo este enfoque se analiza la relación entre proceso de formalización, lenguaje y vanguardia artística que domina la investigación de Benjamin. La experiencia y el mito se constituyen en el eje articulador de la nueva perspectiva crítica que anima y orienta el proyecto benjaminiano. Contra toda tentación de positivización de los lenguajes artísticos, las formas del arte aparecen gracias a Benjamin inscritas en aquella experiencia previa que las anima y que debe entenderse como la experiencia de un límite, iluminado ahora desde la verdad del mito. Within the ontological approaches we owe Walter Benjamin the most revealing description of the translator’s task. For him, translation is first and foremost a “form” and its translatability is essential because languages are not strangers to each other, but maintain a priori similarity in the way of saying things. Under this approach the relationship between the process of formalization, language and artistic avant-garde that dominates Benjamin’s research is analysed. Experience and myth constitute the articulating axis of the new critical perspective that animates and leads the Benjaminian project. Against any temptation to positivize artistic languages, artistic forms appear thanks to Benjamin inscribed in that previous experience that animates them and that should be understood as the experience of a limit, now illuminated from the truth of the myth.
Low-stray-light concave holographic gratings processed by combining the methods of photoresist hot-melting and oxygen-ion ashing
Authors: Chen Hui-Kang , Ni Zheng-Ji , Huang Yuan-Shen , Xu Bang-Lian , Zhang Da-Wei 
Published: March 2020

The principal motivation for this paper is to reduce stray light and line roughness in concave holographic gratings (CHG). Compared with other previously reported line-smoothing grating techniques such as dynamic-exposure near-field holography, we successfully improve the line smoothing of CHG to approximately 10 nm from 2 nm. Our method uses optimization technologies and a combination of photoresist hot-melting (PHM) and oxygen-ion ashing (OIA), thereby improving the degree of stray light before and after optimization by one order of magnitude; the level processed by OIA, PHM, and OIA successively is

7.85

×

10

−
5

. Combining the two technologies, we achieve lower stray light and straighter groove lines for the concave gratings, which is more effective, easy to implement, and incurs a low cost.
Post-Treatment Ulceration and Bleeding After Cyanoacrylate Injection of Duodenal Varices
Authors: Radlinski Mark , Fie Taylor , Richhart Raymond , Wentworth Brian , Caldwell Stephen , Henry Zachary 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We report a case of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding in the setting of diffuse duodenal and colorectal varices. These varices were secondary to either congenital absence of the portal vein or chronic occlusion of the portal vein leading to cavernous transformation of a collateral network of varices. He was acutely managed with injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate into a large complex of duodenal varices. His hospital course was complicated by a postprocedural gastrointestinal bleed within the first 24 hours after the procedure arising from a new duodenal ulcer at the site of injection, likely secondary to ischemia after obliteration of the varices.
An inclusive model suggestion in audio-visual media design in sampling of public ads: Is accessible media possible?
Authors: Çelen Özer Arzu , Kalkan Başak , Gürses Gülfem 
Published: March 2020

Instructive and informative contents of the Public Service Announcements (PSAs) need to reach to all segments of the society. Within this framework, the purpose of the research is to explain the importance of the narrative structure in the sight-disabled persons' access to the PSAs in terms of the up-to-date audio description criteria. In the study, the characters and the functions thereof in the narration have been reviewed within the frame of Labov & Riesmann's narrative analysis constituents, and answer has been sought to the question, "Are the spatio-temporal constituents, motions, and the visual materials that depict the actions in connection with character definitions put into words for the sight-disabled persons?", by way of narrative analysis. While the 6 "Be Prepared for the Disasters!" PSAs are analyzed in terms of their narrative structures, the questions, "Who are the persons in the narrative? What are their functions in the narrative? What do these persons do in the narrative? Why do they do these things? What are the outcomes of them?" are required to be responded by six different experts serving in the fields of visual communication, audio-visual translation, and narrative communication, other than the researchers. As a result of the research, it has been determined that, the PSAs are not designed as being suitable for the access of the sight-disabled persons, and two model proposals have been introduced at the end of the research by way of taking inclusive design criteria other than the conventional audio description criteria into consideration. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Kamu spotlarının, eğitici, bilgilendirici içerikleri ile toplumun tüm kesimlerine ulaşması gerekmektedir. Bu çerçevede araştırmanın amacı, görme engelli bireylerin kamu spotlarına erişiminde anlatı yapısının önemini güncel sesli betimleme kriterleri çerçevesinde belirtmektir. Anlatıdaki karakterlerin ve işlevlerinin ne olduğu, Labov ve Riesmann’ın anlatı analizi bileşenleri çerçevesinde incelenmiş ve “Kamu spotunda anlatı oluşturulurken mekânsal-zamansal bileşenler, hareketler, karakter tanımlarıyla bağlantılı fiilleri betimleyen görsel materyaller, görme engelli bireyler için kelimelere aktarılmakta mıdır?” sorusuna anlatı analizi ile yanıt aranmıştır. İncelenen altı “Afetlere Hazırlıklı Ol!” kamu spotu, anlatı yapısı çözümlenirken “anlatıdaki kişiler kimler, bu kişilerin, anlatıdaki işlevi nedir, bu kişiler, anlatıda ne yapıyorlar, niçin yapıyorlar ve sonuçlar ne?” sorularına araştırmacılar dışında görsel iletişim, görsel- işitsel çeviri ve yazınsal iletişim alanında çalışan altı farklı uzmandan cevaplaması istenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, kamu spotlarının görme engelli bireylerin erişimine uygun olarak tasarlanmadığı tespit edilmiş, geleneksel sesli betimleme kriterlerinin dışında kapsayıcı tasarım kriterleri dikkate alınarak iki model önerisi araştırma sonunda sunulmuştur.
Clinical utility of liquid biopsy for the diagnosis and monitoring of EML4-ALK NSCLC patients
Authors: Sánchez-Herrero Estela , Provencio Mariano , Romero Atocha 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Genomic rearrangement in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene occurs in 3−7% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The detection of this alteration is crucial as ALK positive NSCLC patients benefit from ALK inhibitors, which improve both the patient's quality of life and overall survival (OS) compared to traditional chemotherapy.

Content
In routine clinical practice, ALK rearrangements are detected using tissue biopsy. Nevertheless, the availability of tumor tissue is compromised in NSCLC patients due to surgical complications or difficult access to the cancer lesion. In addition, DNA quality and heterogeneity may impair tumor biopsies testing. These limitations can be overcome by liquid biopsy, which refers to non-invasive approaches for tumor molecular profiling. In this paper we review currently available technology for non-invasive ALK testing, in NSCLC patients, based on the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), circulating tumor RNA (ctRNA), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes.

Summary and outlook
Non-invasive tumor molecular profiling is crucial to improve outcomes and quality of life of NSCLC patients whose tumors harbor a translocation involving ALK locus.
On the existence and multiplicity of solutions to fractional Lane-Emden elliptic systems involving measures
Authors: Bhakta Mousomi , Nguyen Phuoc-Tai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe study positive solutions to the fractional Lane-Emden system$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \left\{ \begin{aligned} (-{\it\Delta})^s u &= v^p+\mu \quad &\text{in } {\it\Omega} \\(-{\it\Delta})^s v &= u^q+\nu \quad &\text{in } {\it\Omega}\\u = v &= 0 \quad &&\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\text{in } {\it\Omega}^c={\mathbb R}^N \setminus {\it\Omega}, \end{aligned} \right. \end{array}$$(S)whereΩis aC2bounded domains in ℝN,s∈ (0, 1),N> 2s,p> 0,q> 0 andμ,νare positive measures inΩ. We prove the existence of the minimal positive solution of (S) under a smallness condition on the total mass ofμandν. Furthermore, ifp,q∈$\begin{array}{} (1,\frac{N+s}{N-s}) \end{array}$and 0 ≤μ,ν∈Lr(Ω), for somer>$\begin{array}{} \frac{N}{2s}, \end{array}$we show the existence of at least two positive solutions of (S). The novelty lies at the construction of the second solution, which is based on a highly nontrivial adaptation of Linking theorem. We also discuss the regularity of the solutions.
The Effect of 12 Weeks of Different Exercise Training Modalities or Nutritional Guidance on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Vascular Parameters, and Physical Fitness in Overweight Adults: Cardiometabolic High-Intensity Interval Training-Resistance Training Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Ramírez-Vélez Robinson , Castro-Astudillo Karem , Correa-Bautista Jorge Enrique , González-Ruíz Katherine , Izquierdo Mikel , García-Hermoso Antonio , Álvarez Cristian , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Correa-Rodríguez María 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Ramírez-Vélez, R, Castro-Astudillo, K, Correa-Bautista, JE, González-Ruíz, K, Izquierdo, M, García-Hermoso, A, Álvarez, C, Ramírez-Campillo, R, and Correa-Rodríguez, M. The effect of 12 weeks of different exercise training modalities or nutritional guidance on cardiometabolic risk factors, vascular parameters and physical fitness in overweight adults: cardiometabolic high-intensity interval training-resistance training randomized controlled study. J Strength Cond Res 34(8): 2178–2188, 2020—Evidence suggests that exercise training improves cardiometabolic risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), resistance training (RT), concurrent training (CT = HIIT + RT), or nutritional guidance (NG) induced improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors, vascular parameters, and physical fitness in overweight adults, and to compare the responses between the 4 intervention groups. This is a twelve-weeks factorial randomized design examining the effects of different exercise regimes and/or NG on anthropometric and body composition (fat and lean mass at whole body, trunk fat, fat mass index, appendicular muscle mass, and waist circumference); cardiometabolic risk factors and vascular parameters (blood lipids, fasting glucose, blood pressure, flow-mediated dilation [FMD%], aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), and augmentation index); and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness and handgrip strength). Adjusted mixed linear models revealed a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (mL·kg−1·min−1): HIIT +8.3, RT +4.1, and CT +6.3 (all p < 0.001). The improvement difference between the groups was statistically significant between the HIIT and NG group (p = 0.014), (time × group interaction F
(23.564); p < 0.001; η2 partial = 0.365). In addition, the RT and CT groups have a significant positive impact on PWV (m·s−1) (d = 0.391 and 0.229 respectively; p < 0.001, (time × group interaction F(5.457); p = 0.003; η2 partial = 0.280). Hereafter, the RT group has a significant positive impact on the FMD (%) in comparison to HIIT, CT, or NG group (time × group interaction F
(2.942); p = 0.044; η2 partial = 0.174). The main findings of this study are that 12 weeks of HIIT leads to significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, whereas RT resulted in improvements in the vascular profile, supporting the positive effect of both training programs for cardiometabolic risk factors in sedentary and overweight adults.
Effect of Stimulus-Dependent Spike Timing on Population Coding of Sound Location in the Owl’s Auditory Midbrain
Authors: Beckert M. V. , Fischer B. J. , Pena J. L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the auditory system, the spectrotemporal structure of acoustic signals determines the temporal pattern of spikes. Here, we investigated this effect in neurons of the barn owl’s auditory midbrain (Tyto furcata) that are selective for auditory space and whether it can influence the coding of sound direction. We found that in the nucleus where neurons first become selective to combinations of sound localization cues, reproducibility of spike trains across repeated trials of identical sounds, a metric of across-trial temporal fidelity of spiking patterns evoked by a stimulus, was maximal at the sound direction that elicited the highest firing rate. We then tested the hypothesis that this stimulus-dependent patterning resulted in rate co-modulation of cells with similar frequency and spatial selectivity, driving stimulus-dependent synchrony of population responses. Tetrodes were used to simultaneously record multiple nearby units in the optic tectum (OT), where auditory space is topographically represented. While spiking of neurons in OT showed lower reproducibility across trials compared with upstream nuclei, spike-time synchrony between nearby OT neurons was highest for sounds at their preferred direction. A model of the midbrain circuit explained the relationship between stimulus-dependent reproducibility and synchrony, and demonstrated that this effect can improve the decoding of sound location from the OT output. Thus, stimulus-dependent spiking patterns in the auditory midbrain can have an effect on spatial coding. This study reports a functional connection between spike patterning elicited by spectrotemporal features of a sound and the coding of its location.