bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective Perception of Life Quality Among Men with Physical Disabilities with Different Sport Participation Level
Authors: Nemček Dagmar , Wittmannová Julie , Javanainen-Levonen Tarja , Lubkowska Wioletta 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The objective of the study was to analyse subjective perception of the quality of life (QOL) among men with physical disabilities with different sport participation level throughout quality of life indicators/domains satisfaction and overall QOL. Three groups of men with physical disabilities (n = 130) categorised by the level of sport participation were recruited for the study: elite athletes (n=26), recreational athletes (n = 45) and non-athletes (n = 59). The Subjective Quality of Life Analysis questionnaire and the WHOQOL User Manual were used as a primary research method. The highest subjective perception of life quality declares men elite athletes and the lowest non-athletes. Elite athletes are significantly more satisfied in their lives with domains Physical health/level of independence and Environment, indicators Sleep, Work, Leisure activities, Safety and overall QOL than non-athletes. No significant differences were found in subjective perception of life quality between men recreational athletes and non-athletes.
Types of Classroom Chair Stretch Exercises and their Feasibility and Potential to Structure the Recommend Classroom-Based Physical Activity Break Primary Programs
Authors: Kerroum Mohamed Arab , Zerf Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

Summary
This pilot study tests the significance of a classroom chair stretch exercises types and their feasibility and potential to structure the optional classrooms Based Physical Activity Break Primary Programs (ABC-PA).
Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, we proposed two chair stretch exercises ABC-PA programs, one with sit-to-stand chair exercises and other without sit-to-stand chair exercises. Applied for 4-weeks among 90 children, five grade levels, 45 in each division during the academic years 2017-2018. Controlled by components of Fitness Gram health-related physical fitness, before and after 4-weeks of the research project to establish the superiority of the two models proposed.
Results. To admit study ABC-PA protocols, and statistics performed. Our outcomes confirmed sit-to-stand as the recommended exercise to structure the optional classroom-based physical activity breaks routine intervention.
Conclusions. We approved the sit-to-stand as a powerful chair exercise able to enhance cardiovascular endurance, muscle strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, maintenance of body composition and reduction of prolonged class daily time sittings. More efficacy are the sit-downs noticed in this study as prolonged static stretch able to improve static flexibility but without changes in classrooms sedentary routine.
Designing Protective Ecotones to Reduce Acoustic Load on the Railway Lines
Authors: Ruda Mariia , Boyko Taras 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
According to the results of the analysis of domestic and foreign literary sources, one of the most innovative ways of ensuring the stability of anthropogenically modified ecosystems is proposed, that is the creation of a system of protective type ecotones, which will allow providing ecological safety on the railways using exclusively natural environmental restoration mechanisms. On the experimental areas, we have described the taxonomic structure of forestry groups and phytocoenotic activity of species in forest grouping. We have also calculated the closeness, viability of the tree-stands, and also the projective shelter. To determine the noise effect, the noise-permeability of forest strips and the scattering of sound-currents from planting action have been analyzed. Based on research and calculations, a zone of sound shadow is determined depending on the size of the obstacle and the length of the sound wave. The acoustic effect of reducing the sound level is determined by such factors as bandwidth, dendrological composition, and design of plantations. The one-factor dispersion analysis allowed confirming that the investigated sections of the tracks of Lviv Railways differ significantly from each other according to these data. The results of the research were also subject to correlation analysis. The coefficients of pair correlation of structural indices of protective type ecotones were calculated with reduction of acoustic load on sections of the tracks of Lviv Railways. Therefore, the interrelation with the distance, the horizontal closure of the tree canopy, the distance between the trees, the height of the shaft and the crown density were reliably established. On this basis, the multiplicity regression equation for complex estimation of acoustic load reduction and prediction of noise reduction with specified parameters of protective type ecotones were calculated.
Greening Nyanga: Developing a Community Park in a Complex Urban Environment in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Lukas-Sithole Megan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Green, recreational spaces are lacking in most low-income urban areas of Cape Town, South Africa. Public open spaces that do exist are often considered nuisance plots, as they attract anti-social behaviour. Thus, there is a dire need to create green, recreational spaces in such areas to provide the benefits of parks to the community members who live there. Nuisance plots are unsafe and should be developed into safe, convivial, and beautiful spaces for local communities to utilise. Using the development of a community park in the Cape Town township of Nyanga as a case study, this paper demonstrates the communality and contestations involved in the planning and implementation of green infrastructure in an urban landscape marred by socioeconomic inequalities. Sourcing data from nine months of ethnographic fieldwork, this paper aims to i) show the importance of inclusive planning and decision-making through participation of all stakeholders in urban design and spatial planning projects; ii) to highlight the complexities and social contestations of such projects, and the need to consider the social relations of an area during the planning and implementation phases; and iii) to emphasise the importance of incorporating sense of place and belonging in design and planning decisions.
Pathophysiology of Depression and Novel Sources of Phytochemicals for its Treatment – A Systematic Review
Authors: Bakalov D. , Hadjiolova R. , Pechlivanova D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The rising burden of depression, which will soon be the second most common cause of disability in the world, is requesting new ways to treat and prevent it. Due to high number of significant adverse drug reactions of the conventional treatment, the modern pharmaceutical industry is more often turning their focus to novel plant-based solutions. We performed literature research based on standard literature search engines – PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct. A standard set of keywords related to our topic e.g. “Depression”, “Mesembrine type alkaloids”, “Narcissus” was used. The review describes the classical monoamine theory of depression and connects it with the newly found biochemical, genetic and morphological alterations associated with the major depressive disorder. The purpose of this review is to highlight the most important aspects of the pathophysiology of depression and to explore the possibilities to use mesembrine-like alkaloids isolated from Narcissus cv. Hawera in its treatment. We describe their effect on brain biochemistry and possible future investigations.
Prediction of Chinese Automobile Growing Trend Considering Vehicle Adaptability based on Cui–Lawson Model
Authors: Feng Jia , Meng Meng , Liu Shanshan , Zhang Xin , Yuan Jie , Zhang Zengyong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The rapid growth of fossil fuels and the aggravation of emission pollution can be improved by the green and diversified energy structure of road transport vehicles. In this article, Cui–Lawson model is first introduced to analyse the change trend of pure electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle, gas–fuel vehicle, fuel cell vehicle, biofuel vehicle and traditional vehicle in the next 50 years. Considering the climate, environment and economic development of each region, the future ownership of the above six models was studied by region. Moreover, the climate and topography affect the developing trend strongly. The ownership of traditional automobile is more than other kinds of vehicles until 35 and 40 years in Xibei and Dongbei regions for the cold temperature.
Genome-wide selection of discriminant SNP markers for breed assignment in indigenous sheep breeds
Authors: Moradi Mohammad Hossein , Khaltabadi-Farahani Amir Hossein , Khodaei-Motlagh Mahdi , Kazemi-Bonchenari Mehdi , McEwan John 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The assignment of an individual to the true population of origin is one of the most important applications of genomic data for practical use in animal breeding. The aim of this study was to develop a statistical method and then, to identify the minimum number of informative SNP markers from high-throughput genotyping data that would be able to trace the true breed of unknown samples in indigenous sheep breeds. The total numbers of 217 animals were genotyped using Illumina OvineSNP50K BeadChip in Zel, Lori-Bakhtiari, Afshari, Moqani, Qezel and a wild-type Iranian sheep breed. After SNP quality check, the principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine how the animals allocated to the groups using all genotyped markers. The results revealed that the first principal component (PC1) separated out the two domestic and wild sheep breeds, and all domestic breeds were separated from each other for PC2. The genetic distance between different breeds was calculated using FST and Reynold methods and the results showed that the breeds were well differentiated. A statistical method was developed using the stepwise discriminant analysis (SDA) and the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to reduce the number of SNPs for discriminating 6 different Iranian sheep populations and K-fold cross-validation technique was employed to evaluate the potential of a selected subset of SNPs in assignment success rate. The procedure selected reduced pools of markers into 201 SNPs that were able to exactly discriminate all sheep populations with 100% accuracy. Moreover, a discriminate analysis of principal components (DAPC) developed using 201 linearly independent SNPs revealed that these markers were able to assign all individuals into true breed. Finally, these 201 identified SNPs were successfully used in an independent out-group breed consisting of 96 samples of Baluchi sheep breed and the results indicated that these markers are able to correctly allocate all unknown samples to true population of origin. In general, the results of this study indicated that the combined use of the SDA and LDA techniques represents an efficient strategy for selecting a reduced pool of highly discriminant markers.
Supplementation of Bile Acids and Lipase in Broiler Diets for Better Nutrient Utilization and Performance: Potential Effects and Future Implications – A Review
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Adeel , Faiz-ul-Hassan  , Bhatti Shaukat Ali , Rehman Muhammad Saif-ur , Yousaf Wasim , Younus Gulfam , Sizmaz Ozge , Bilal Muhammad Qamar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bile acids are used for better emulsification, digestion and absorption of dietary fat in chicken, especially in early life. Similarly, exogenous lipases have also been used for the improvement of physiological limitation of the chicken digestive system. Owing to potential of both bile acids and lipases, their use has been increased in recent years, for better emulsification of dietary fat and improvement of growth performance in broilers. In the past, pancreatic lipases were used for supplementation, but recently, microbial lipase is getting attention in poultry industry as a hydrolysis catalyst. Bile acids strengthen the defence mechanism of body against bacterial endotoxins and also play a key role in lipid regulation and sugar metabolism as signaling molecules. It has been demonstrated that bile acids and lipases may improve feed efficiency by enhancing digestive enzyme activity and ultimately leading to better fat digestion and absorption. Wide supplemental range of bile acids (0.004% to 0.25%) and lipases (0.01% to 0.1%) has been used in broiler diets for improvement of fat digestibility and their performance. Combinations of different bile acids have shown more potential to improve feed efficiency (by 7.14%) even at low (0.008%) levels as compared to any individual bile acid. Lipases at a lower level of 0.03% have exhibited more promising potential to improve fat digestibility and feed efficiency. However, contradicting results have been published in literature, which needs further investigations to elucidate various nutritional aspects of bile acids and lipase supplementation in broiler diet. This review focuses on providing insight on the mechanism of action and potential application of bile acids and lipases in broiler diets. Moreover, future implications of these additives in poultry nutrition for enhancing nutrient utilization and absorption are also discussed.
The Potential Role of MYOM1 and ATGL Genes in Pig Production Improvement
Authors: Ropka-Molik Katarzyna , Piórkowska Katarzyna , Piestrzyńska-Kajtoch Agata , Fornal Agnieszka , Zyskowska Zofia , Pruś Angelika , Tyra Mirosław 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the present study, two missense variants within ATGL (rs331307082) and MYOM1 (rs326001585) genes were tested for their potential usage as genetic markers related to pig production traits. The genotyping was performed on 519 pigs representing 990 synthetic sire line. The association analysis indicated that ATGL gene affected the panel of fattening parameters (test daily gain, age at slaughter), meatiness traits (meat percentage in the carcasses; the weight of loin, ham and primary cuts, and loin eye area), and meat quality characteristics (water exudation). In turn, MYOM1 polymorphism was related to loin weight, the weight of primary cuts and weight of loin backfat. Pigs with AA genotype were characterized by significantly higher loin and primary cut weights compared to opposite homozygotes GG (P<0.05). The observed differences were 2.29 kg and 1.2 kg, respectively. Moreover, despite higher meatiness, AA animals together with AG were characterized by lower weight of loin backfat (P<0.05) and average backfat thickness (P<0.1) compared to GG pigs. The MYOM1 polymorphism did not affect pork quality traits. The results allowed us to propose the new genetic markers which may be used in pig selection to obtain appropriate meatiness and fatness level in carcasses without decreasing meat quality.
Characteristics of sea trout spawners (Salmo trutta) in the Vistula River mouth in reference to the previous Vistula River stocks
Authors: Buras Paweł 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The age structure and length distribution of sea trout spawners caught in the Vistula River mouth in the 1984–1986 period were analyzed in reference to previous Vistula stocks of summer spawning and winter spawning runs, and also to silvering sea trout. The comparison took into consideration two variants: the period when the sea trout summer spawning and winter spawning runs ascended the Vistula and when they gathered at spawning grounds. Statistically significant differences were confirmed in the age structure and length distribution of sea tout spawners caught in the Vistula River mouth in the 1980s and the previous Vistula stocks. The reason for these difference must be sought in management interventions and especially in the permanent cycle of smolt production, sea trout spawner selection when they ascended the Vistula, catches made for artificial spawning, and the periodic stocking of sea trout with material originating from Pomeranian rivers.
Semantic and Pragmatic Mechanisms of Humour in Animal Jokes
Authors: Nemesi Attila L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to take a close look at the interplay of semantic and pragmatic components of animal jokes. Rather than insisting on the priority of one particular theoretical tradition and selecting a few illustrative examples, 30 animal jokes – most of them translated into English from Hungarian – are presented to help identify the different mechanisms that make them amusing. Adopting a theory-by-theory approach, it becomes clear that some jokes fit well the explanation of frame or script semantics, while others are best captured by one or another pragmatic framework and classification. This leads to the related question of whether it is possible, at this stage of research, to integrate the diverse lines of thought or whether the semantic and pragmatic study of verbal humour will have to remain relatively fragmented. It is argued that certain basic elements of major pragmatic theories are important complements to frame/script semantics, the humour of animal jokes is reliant on the same meaning-generating processes as observed in other jokes, and that the attraction of animal jokes lies in their psychological and cultural-anthropological characteristics. Finally, their cross-cultural investigation is encouraged.
Verbal Humour in Screen Translation: Officer Crabtree’s Case with the Fronch and Hungarian Longwodge
Authors: Ajtony Zsuzsanna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present study aims to gain insight into the translation of audiovisual humour displayed in the verbal manifestations of Officer Crabtree, the fictional character in the BBC sitcom ‘Allo ‘Allo! (1982–1992), especially focusing on its Hungarian dubbed version of the series. Being a research domain with insights from audiovisual translation (AVT), humour studies, and discourse analysis, the article introduces the reader to AVT, more particularly, to dubbing, to research carried out in the domain of audiovisual humour, and to humour studies, especially focusing on incongruity and superiority theory. These theoretical elements are applied in the analysis of the corpus comprising the English voice track as source text (ST) and its Hungarian counterpart as target text (TT), highlighting the humorous effects achieved in both of them and especially pointing at the creative solutions translators resorted to in rendering the idiosyncratically mangled English texts into Hungarian. The analysis aims to provide counterexamples to the frequent claim that verbal humour is untranslatable.
Elements of Humour in the Classroom A Qualitative Approach to Data
Authors: Tódor Erika-Mária , Tankó Enikő 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Neither grades nor formal indicators of teachers’ effectiveness measure the presence or the nature of humorous situations in classroom conversations although these situations are, in fact, the iceberg components of the teacher–student communication and are important indicators of the motivational-behavioural background as well as cohesion of the group, of the power of collective thinking and creativity inside class community.
The role of humour has not always been positive throughout time. For example, according to Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2016), Plato was one of the most influential critics of laughter, and he treated it as an emotion that overrode rational self-control, and thus could be considered a certain kind of evil. As for the bad reputation of humour, we can find yet another face of this reality in Kant’s approach, according to which humour can be understood as play, while laughter is a play signal.
The present research is looking for answers regarding the role of humour in classroom conversation and interaction, according to students’ opinion, how they interpret certain terms related to humour, and what humorous situations they report of. In this study, we present the data of an empirical research based on the questionnaires completed by 159 students in the 5th to 8th grades from both urban and rural area, data which have been processed with the help of MAXQDA. Due to the highly practical nature of the research, it presents a general picture of the characteristics and role of humorous classroom situations.
This unique location offers a specific interpretation of the discourse of humour, based on local and individual life experiences.
The Role of Humour in Teaching: Teacher Training Students’ Image of Teacher and Views on Teaching
Authors: Szentes Erzsébet , Horváth Zsófia-Irén , Harangus Katalin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A common question in teacher training is what trace is left behind by (many years of) institutional learning, that is, what kind of teacher and teaching image a teacher candidate starts his or her preparation with. The main determinants of becoming a teacher are the experiences gained as a student. The source of their approach and views is personal school experience, which can influence their professional development. In our study, we will discuss how future teachers think about the relationship between humour and school, humour and education. In the initial phase of our study, we asked first-year teacher training students about good and bad teachers in order to gain an insight into their views on teachers’ personality and work. After this, we used metaphor analysis to investigate teacher characteristics/qualities that approached the concept of teacher to novel, humorous-playful images. In this phase of our study, we focused on what effective communication tools they have for dealing with tensions and conflicts and the role of humour and playfulness. Not only research (Tisljár 2011; Lazarus, Role, and Genga 2011) but also everyday experience proves that there are a lot of practices in humour that can be learnt and that can shape personality, logic, and memory. The personality of the teacher cannot be formed, or it is very difficult to form, so teacher training has the potential to assist teacher candidates in acquiring skills that help them develop students’ cognitive and affective abilities in a fun way.
Code Play as Translingual Practice
Authors: Biró Enikő 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe study starts with the definition of local, translocal, and global linguistic context in the digital space. Facebook as a social media platform provides opportunities for everyday digital literacy practices such as code play. Code play allows mixing codes and repertoires usually with a humorous reference. We argue that creative interaction among languages creates the methodological need for a translingual approach besides the traditional code-switching theory to explain online linguistic phenomena. Adopting a netnographic approach, this paper presents two participants’ linguistic history, online linguistic practices, and perceptions of their own digital literacy, exploring their portrayal of (multi)linguistic identity which has local, translocal, and global resonance. The paper exploits possibilities of code play to accomplish communicative goals through code-switching and translingualism with a linguistically diverse audience.
Constructing Ethnic Identity in Transylvania through Humour
Authors: Tudor Noémi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, I put forward a comparative/contrastive analysis of ethnic identity on the basis of humorous texts about Romanians and Hungarians living in Romania within the framework of the Script-Based Semantic Theory of Humour (SSTH). The corpus contains fifty jokes taken from websites and social media, books and recordings in which the Romanians are at the centre and the Hungarians are the butt and vice versa. The overall purpose of the study is to illustrate the main topics and stereotypes used in ethnic jokes. In this research, I will show that Romanians and Hungarians joke about similar topics, the most common ones being the “ownership” of Transylvania, rejection of the other, and language distortion but also friendship among Hungarians and Romanians. I also conclude that stereotypes can be attributed to one ethnic group, but there are also shared stereotypes, and some of them can switch from one group to the other depending on the perspective.