bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deoxygenative Transition-Metal-Promoted Reductive Coupling and Cross-Coupling of Alcohols and Epoxides
Authors: Nicholas Kenneth M. , Bandari Chandrasekhar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe prospective utilization of abundant, CO2-neutral, renewable feedstocks is driving the discovery and development of new reactions that refunctionalize oxygen-rich substrates such as alcohols and polyols through C–O bond activation. In this review, we highlight the development of transition-metal-promoted reactions of renewable alcohols and epoxides that result in carbon–carbon bond-formation. These include reductive self-coupling reactions and cross-coupling reactions of alcohols with alkenes and arene derivatives. Early approaches to reductive couplings employed stoichiometric amounts of low-valent transition-metal reagents to form the corresponding hydrocarbon dimers. More recently, the use of redox-active transition-metal catalysts together with a reductant has enhanced the practical applications and scope of the reductive coupling of alcohols. Inclusion of other reaction partners with alcohols such as unsaturated hydrocarbons and main-group organometallics has further expanded the diversity of carbon skeletons accessible and the potential for applications in chemical synthesis. Catalytic reductive coupling and cross-coupling reactions of epoxides are also highlighted. Mechanistic insights into the means of C–O activation and C–C bond formation, where available, are also highlighted.1	Introduction2	Stoichiometric Reductive Coupling of Alcohols3	Catalytic Reductive Coupling of Alcohols3.1	Heterogeneous Catalysis3.2	Homogeneous Catalysis4	Reductive Cross-Coupling of Alcohols4.1	Reductive Alkylation4.2	Reductive Addition to Olefins5	Epoxide Reductive Coupling Reactions6	Conclusions and Future Directions
Modified Circumcostal Suture Stabilization of Scapular Avulsion in a Maine Coon Cat
Authors: Roberts Victoria J. , Gilman Oliver , Matiasovic Matt , De Sousa Ricardo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study describes the surgical management of a traumatic scapular avulsion including complications and clinical outcome in a 3-year-old Maine Coon cat. Traumatic scapular avulsion was diagnosed clinically and confirmed on a computed tomography scan, alongside severe scapula displacement. The scapula was stabilized surgically by the placement of two circumcostal sutures, through paired bone tunnels drilled both cranial and caudal to the base of the scapular spine, and two sutures passing through bone tunnels in the dorsal border of the scapula bone secured to the serratus ventralis muscle. The cat was able to bear weight on the affected limb within 48 hours of surgery; however, limb function subsequently deteriorated at home. Revision surgery was required 14 days postoperatively to replace failed polydioxanone suture with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene suture (Fiberwire). Following revision surgery, the cat had a very acceptable functional outcome, with scapular stability and only intermittent lameness/stiffness noted in the medium-term follow-up. The present case report demonstrates that the described modified surgical technique may be used successfully in the treatment of scapular avulsion in cats and restores acceptable function to the affected limb.
Formalized description of motorway construction, reconstruction and repair control system
Authors: Vorobyov V S , Gromenko K G , Konkin A V , Barsuk M N 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe paper provides information on the technical and organizational condition of the Novosibirsk Region’s construction complex, volumes of under-repairs, problems of improving and creating an intelligent transport system, the first stage of which can serve as a control center for the construction and maintenance of roads. Therein is given an approach to building a control system from an advanced position. The importance of economic and mathematical models of building production and their insufficient justification in the road industry is noted. A formalized description of the control system is given with a multi-echelon graph model developed by the authors. The paper proposed the structure of a complex of formalized descriptions, consisting of groups of system structure models and indicators that describe a system behavior, production processes, information processes, decision-making procedures. It is proposed to describe the multi-echelon structure of an organization as a graph model, wherein each echelon as local graph models representing economic, organizational and technological connections. The main purpose of this model, with the complete independence of private business, is the designing and operation of a center for construction and maintenance of infrastructure facilities of the road network. This circumstance is reflected in model formulating. Modelling of information flows at the lower levels of the control systems needs a fairly detailed description of processes. Modelling at the highest levels of management requires aggregated indicators. Therefore, models of complex systems should be oriented to indicators that operate on information of different levels of aggregation. The main advantages of the formalized description of the structure of road complex control systems are noted.
The algorithm for solving the problem of accounting work of system “foundations-load-bearing floor” with phased modeling in modern CAD
Authors: Alpatov Vadim , Zubanov Sergey 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
For buildings, that have shallow Foundations under columns and Load-bearing floor the mutual influence of these structures on each other is characteristic. The Foundations of the frame are forced to perceive additional loads from Load-bearing floor. Load-bearing floor gets non-uniform deformation, occurring from the supporting influence of Foundations. This leads to a change in the character of distribution of internal bending moments in the Load-bearing floor. To take into account such a complex mutual influence of these constructions in the one calculation model is difficult. To solve the problem, it is suggested to use a special algorithm. An algorithm for a phased solution to the problem of calculating the system “Foundations – Load-bearing floor” is suggested. It allows to take into account the features of the real work of constructions. The case of shallow Foundations and a Load-bearing floor is considered. In this case plate loads the Foundations, and Foundations limit plate displacements. The problem was solved by computer modeling of the system deformation process “Foundations – Load-bearing floor”. The plate of the Load-bearing floor is considered as a plate on elastic foundation with a restriction of deformation in places where pad foundation under a column are connected. The influence of Foundations on the Load-bearing floor displacements restriction was modeled by connection of the final stiffness. The problem is formulated as linear. The task solving was made in program complex “Lira”.
Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed rail transportation project: facts and challenges
Authors: Purba Aleksander , Purba John Tampil 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
There are several factors that determine the success of high-speed operation. The first and most important is levels of ridership. The aims of this research is to examine whether level of ridership sufficient to cover its costs. Based on long experienced of Asia and Europe it is crucial to ensure level of ridership needed to justify the cost of high-speed systems similar to those in other countries range from eight million to ten million riders per line in the first year. However, given the current ridership level of existing conventional rail, on-going HSR project is unlikely to be able to achieve a level of ridership sufficient to cover its costs except a huge amount of highway travellers shift modes to high-speed to avoid driving in congestion and a significant percentage of induced traffic along the HSR line in a way that uses the high-speed services.
Peculiarities of container terminal functioning in delivery chains
Authors: Ilesaliev I I , Makhmatkulov S G , Abduvakhitov S R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to study the container terminal as a complex technical system. The object of study is a container terminal. The subject of the study is a functional study of the container terminal at the junction of road and rail transport. The research methodology is based on the Markov random processes scheme. An example of a method for determining the number of reach players is given.
Architecture of managing big data of mixed transportation of passengers in aglomerations
Authors: Zhuravleva N A , Poliak M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a big data architecture that can provide the formation and management of competitive mixed passenger traffic in agglomerations in real time, taking into account the optimization of their cost, speed and new services. The work is based on studies of development trends of transport systems in agglomerations (SmartCitiesWorld); analysis of the methodology and use of systems for managing relational databases of structured data, as well as non-relational databases, information processing experience AIIM. For the analysis of passenger flows and decision-making on optimal routes, spatial databases OGS that implement standards have been used. The study substantiates the conclusion that the Big Data technology, implemented according to the cascade principle of information support for the transportation process, ensures the growth of monetization of all its components (transport infrastructure, vehicles and their management system). On this basis, a big data architecture was built, which implies the sharing of structured and unstructured data in the management of passenger traffic in agglomeration. This architecture made it possible to take into account the influence of the most important changes in the agglomeration on the mobility of its population and to optimize the financial performance of transport organizations due to the competitiveness of the allocated mixed routes.
Development of artificial intelligence as a modern business technology using the transport industry as an example
Authors: Romanova N , Kakhrimanova D , Semenova A , Safronova A , Belyaeva E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the development of artificial intelligence, which is a form of various technological solutions and methods that can create programs in the likeness of human intelligence. The role and importance of artificial intelligence in modern business. The directions in which artificial intelligence and machine learning are developing are considered. The article notes the difficult moments associated with the creation of conditions (legislative framework, infrastructure, motivation of entrepreneurs, etc.) for the introduction of artificial intelligence in business. The article presents an assessment of the results of the introduction of artificial intelligence in the global and domestic business. Since technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, which are important for the modern world, are attracting increasing attention, the article discusses the introduction of artificial intelligence in such a dynamic industry as the transportation industry. Considering the practice acquired by Western companies in the field of innovation and digitalization, it is possible to predict the possibility of using artificial intelligence by Russian companies in those industries where it is difficult to compete without the introduction of robotics. To enhance the process of creating and implementing artificial intelligence in Russian business, it is important to know and be able to evaluate the problems that hinder the development of new technological solutions. In this regard, the article discusses the barriers to the active implementation of artificial intelligence in the transport industry.
Forecasting the resource of mechanical system by the Theory of Catastrophes
Authors: Seregin Dmitry , Zorin Vladimir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article considers the formation of a mathematical model for changing the technical state of a mechanical system using the Theory of Catastrophes. During the operation of the mechanical system, failures gradually accumulate, causing a decrease in working capacity and machine failure. The Theory of Catastrophes allows developing models for changing the technical condition of a mechanical system for various operating modes and operating conditions. In the field of the space of technical states of a mechanical system containing critical features, the coordinates of the point of the limiting state and possible failure of the part are determined.
Reliability forecasting for optimal planning of measures for maintenance of security systems of transport infrastructure facilities
Authors: Tsarkova E , Belyaev A , Churakov D , Andreeva E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The paper studies the methods for predicting the reliability of technical security equipment located at transport infrastructure facilities. The methods of determining the probability of the state of readiness of technical systems with various combinations of parameters of the maintenance system are considered. The automation capabilities are demonstrated in the study of the effectiveness of technical security equipment based on the analysis of their tactical and technical characteristics.
Modeling and testing of three-point bending of rectangular hollow sections for vehicles and highway guardrails
Authors: Kukhar V , Sahirov Y , Klimov E , Marchenko I , Nahnibeda M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Steel hollow sections are common for transport engineering, vehicles, highway guardrails. The special requirements for strength and stiffness are determined by tests. The three-point bending test experimental and FEM research were carried out on steel rectangular hollow sections (RHS) with a cross section of 40 mm × 50 mm, manufactured in two ways: (a) by cold bending of steel strips on roll-forming mill in semi-closed section with a longitudinal gap of 0.5 mm between the edges formed on a 40 mm web (B-RHS); (b) similar cold roll-forming to the closed section and welding with a longitudinal weld along the web middle of 50 mm (BW-RHS). As a result, the graphs and analytical equations for relating the force (P) and deflection (f) at load on 50 mm and 40 mm webs were obtained, and revealed the advantages of bent-welded sections (BW-RHS) by stiffness and strength. FEM was performed using the SolidWorks CAD/CAE system for various RHS wall thicknesses (t = 1.93 mm, 1.84 mm and 0.7 mm). It is shown that the BW-RHS design increase the stiffness by at least 50%, reduce the wall thickness by 61.9% while maintaining the same stiffness and ensuring the high strength indices for the case of least loading on the larger web, i.e. the maximum stresses in the RHS webs will be 2.33 times less than the yield stress of low-carbon steel.
Formation of optimal structure and properties of automotive pearlite steel during cold processing
Authors: Filippov Aleksey , Pachurin German , Mukhina Mariia , Smirnova Zhanna , Chelnokova Elena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Special requirements for structural and mechanical properties are applied to core fasteners manufactured on cold-forming machines made of automotive pearlitic steel. Mill products come as an original unit to manufacture various fasteners of hot-rolled steel, which can not be used for forming hardware due to the poor quality of the structure and surface layer. Therefore, the calibration rod undergoes intermediate heat treatment before drawing. In addition, products of strength grade 8.8 and higher, obtained from alloy steels on cold-forming machines, are quenched during tempering, which often leads to decarburization, cracking and bending of finished products, which increases the labor intensity, energy intensity and, consequently, the final cost. The article suggests a method for producing rolled products from automotive pearlitic steel 35Cr and 38CrA, including an isothermal process that excludes full annealing, quenching when tempering rod-shaped products and preventing decarburization, risks and curvature. The design, caused by passing through the drawing die, strengthening the surface by reducing and rolling the thread, provides mechanical properties of bolts and studs M8 strength grade 8.8 and 9.8.
Practical methods for the experimental determination of the mechanical characteristics of cement stone under compression
Authors: Lobanov D , Strungar E , Kurbatov Y , Zubova E , Wildemann V , Kashevarova G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this work, we propose practical methods for the experimental study of the mechanical characteristics and staging of damage accumulation of cement stone based on the joint use of modern testing equipment and a non-contact optical video system for analyzing displacement and deformation fields, as well as a system for recording acoustic emission signals. In the framework of these practical methods, compression tests of cement stone samples of various shapes and geometrical sizes were carried out. The diagrams of deformation and application of loading have been obtained, the mechanical characteristics have been determined, and the staging of damage accumulation in a cement stone has been analyzed. We have received a conclusion about the optimal shape of samples of cement stone, which can be used to determine the prism strength, elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio using the proposed practical methods.
Salt flux compositions for reprocessing and producing Al-Mg-based alloys and composites
Authors: Suzdaltsev A V , Nikolaev A Yu , Smirnov A S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Al-Mg alloys and composite materials based on Al-Mg alloys are widely used in various fields due to their unique characteristics. In this paper, compositions of salt fluxes for processing alloys, as well as for the synthesis of Al-Mg-based composites, are thermodynamically justified and experimentally tested. The NaCl-KCl (chloride-fluoride flux) with MgF2 additives is recommended for further studies.
Coating effect on thermal-physical and corrosion characteristics of ultralight Mg-based alloy
Authors: Krit B L , Wu R Z , Morozova N V , Kondratsky I O , Medvetskova V M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Due to its unique properties, magnesium alloys at present are widely used in aircraft and defence technologies, despite the significant drawback as low corrosion resistance. The most effective method of alloys protection is micro-arc oxidation (MAO). But firstly, the alloys oxidation has a number of difficulties, and secondly, the ceramic coatings have an effect on thermal-physical characteristics of modified material. The presented report devotes of the developed technological mode of a protective coating forming on the ultralight alloy Mg-8Li-1Al-0.6Ce by the MAO method. The role of cathodic polarization at the treatment was mentioned. An integrated assessment of the ability to thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance of the modified alloy was made. Despite the relatively small thickness and the presence of pores, the resulting coating provides sufficiently high corrosion resistance; the formed coating slightly (not more than 5%) reduces the thermal conductivity of the ultralight Mg alloy.
Surface quality formation at polymer composite details’ abrasive processing
Authors: Tamarkin Mikhail , Tishchenko Elina , Azarova Anna , Butenko Viktor 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of the process of abrasive processing of parts made of polymer composite materials. Special features of processing of polymer composites, technology of production of preform by hydroabosive cutting are described. Studies have been carried out and stages of preparation of a part made of polymer composite material for “gluing” operation have been described. Dependencies for determination of surface roughness during hydroabrasive cutting of polymer composite material are given. Studies have been carried out to achieve the necessary surface roughness when gluing blanks. A curvature is given describing the surface roughness, which is necessary to achieve a reliable adhesive connection. Results of theoretical and experimental studies of hydroabrasive cutting process are presented. Technique of the execution, applied tools and equipment are described. The results of theoretical and experimental studies were compared. Their high convergence has been established. The results of experimental studies on preparation of parts from polymer composite materials for gluing are presented. Abrasive tool, processing modes are selected. Design method for abrasive processing of parts made of polymer composite materials is proposed.
Mobile parks of construction machinery
Authors: Tuskaeva Zalina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Research subject: mobile parks of construction machinery. Objectives: substantiation of multifaceted approach to questions of mobile parks formation and functioning. Methods and materials: Considering the linear nature of the certain part of the construction projects development, in order to rationalize the production organization, it is necessary to explain and develop a methodology for establishing mobile parks of construction machinery (MPCM). The methods for stationary parks build-out are widely known, but the specifics of linear construction and new functional conditions require the use of economic and mathematical methods close to the actual production conditions, taking into account the probabilistic nature. Results: a phased, step-by-step approach to the formation of mobile parks of construction machinery with an appropriate feasibility is proposed. Conclusions: a complex, systematic approach to the development of mobile parks in construction will allow the task to use in practice.
Methodology for evaluating energy-saving technical solutions of impact machines and equipment
Authors: Abramenkov D E , Popov N A , Abramenkov E A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The paper proposes a method of sequential exclusion at the stage of designing feature elements in known and synthesized pneumatic impact mechanisms in order to select preferred constructive solution of machine mechanism for destruction of mountain ranges in preparing the bases for construction of buildings and structures. The method involves a phased analysis of several variants of mechanisms at the same time with exception of the same structural features, elements that have the same effect on the work process and resource mechanisms. Thus, only original compositions remain that characterize distinctive qualities of technical solution of the pneumatic impact mechanism variant corresponding to its intended purpose.