bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disappointment Aversion, Term Structure, and Predictability Puzzles in Bond Markets
Authors: Augustin Patrick , Tédongap Roméo 
Published: December 2020

We solve a dynamic equilibrium model with generalized disappointment-aversion preferences and continuous state-endowment dynamics. We apply the framework to the term structure of interest rates and show that the model generates an upward-sloping term structure of nominal interest rates and a downward-sloping term structure of real interest rates and that it accounts for the failure of the expectations hypothesis. The key ingredients are preferences with disappointment aversion, preference for early resolution of uncertainty, and an endowment economy with three state variables: time-varying macroeconomic uncertainty, time-varying expected inflation, and inflation uncertainty. This paper was accepted by Karl Diether, finance.
Coletivo de mulheres universitárias: nova forma de fazer política feminista? Uma análise utilizando process-tracing sobre a criação dos coletivos universitários no contexto da PUC-rio.
Authors: Maria Elaine De Azevedo , Giacomini Sonia Maria 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo demonstrar a relação do coletivo de mulheres da PUC-Rio com a modificação na política acadêmica desta universidade e a criação de novos coletivos. A metodologia escolhida foi o process-tracing por ter estrutura de rastreamento causal que permite analisar, através da sequência dos acontecimentos, o processo de construção política do movimento acadêmico.
O Despertar Do Gigante: Reflexões Sobre O Poder De Agenda Do Presidente Em Períodos De Crise.
Authors: Panait Iani , Melo Robert George Otoni de 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo objetiva compreender a correlação de forças entre os poderes Executivo e Legislativo em momentos históricos de engessamento da vida política no país. Em períodos caracterizados por crise econômica e/ou política, a instabilidade da agenda pública leva à prevalência do Executivo Federal, em detrimento das discussões no seio do parlamento brasileiro, gerando certa instabilidade e agravando períodos de abalo institucional. Através do método qualitativo, o artigo revisará bibliografia para analisar a hipótese de hegemonia da agenda da Presidência da República em relação aos outros poderes, inclusive, através de seus mecanismos de veto, visando pautar o jogo político.
ethics of caring in the child-friendly projects: new challenges
Authors: Javidi kalatehjafarabadi Tahereh 
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to consider the implications of Noddings’ ethics of care theory for child-friendly projects and their underlying philosophical assumptions. It is explained that this theory with its emphasis on the children’s needs and rights and, more importantly, the emphasis on the care relation and care encounter indicates how Noddings’ main concepts and ideas could be taken into consideration in exploring the challenges of implementing child-friendly projects. Therefore, the main concepts of ethics of care theory including need and right, empathy and sympathy, receptive and projective, care about and cared-for, expressed and inferred needs were investigated by considering their adaptation with the origin and the destination of child-friendly projects. Accordingly, a series of questions was set out to illustrate the theoretical challenges that may have been reflected in implementing the child-friendly project. These questions were also categorized in light of three core characteristics of Noddings’ theory of caring: 1) relational ontology; which refers to the relational nature of children life, 2) attention with concern; which refers to the moral sentiment/non-rational life of children and 3) particularism; which refers to the particularity of children’s lives. As individuals/researchers and as members of the child-friendly community we can focus on these questions to understand the challenges of the project and provide a potential for its qualitative evaluation.
Enfrentamento à violência obstétrica: contribuições do movimento de mulheres negras brasileiras
Authors: Santos Jussara Francisca De Assis dos 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo ressaltar a necessidade de apropriação das contribuições do movimento de mulheres negras por parte de gestoras/es e profissionais de saúde para a efetivação da equidade racial no que se refere à assistência ao parto. A reflexão trazida aqui é motivada pelos resultados da pesquisa realizada no âmbito do doutoramento da autora, cujo objeto foi o enfrentamento à violência obstétrica contra mulheres negras numa maternidade do município do Rio de Janeiro. A metodologia utilizada pautou-se em 15 entrevistas semiestruturadas entre gestoras e profissionais de saúde das áreas de Serviço Social, enfermagem e medicina. O método de análise teve como base a interpretação dos sentidos atribuídos à violência obstétrica e sua relação com a dimensão racial. Não foram identificadas ações que privilegiassem a articulação com o movimento de mulheres negras, tendo em vista sua importância no combate à violência obstétrica. Palavras-Chave: mulheres negras; violência obstétrica; movimento social; saúde da população negra.
Physiotherapy for tennis elbow: a survey of knowledge and practice within the UK and Ireland
Authors: Harland Nicholas , Livadas Nick 
Published: December 2020

Background/Aims The purpose of the survey was to investigate the current state of knowledge and practice regarding tennis elbow within a physiotherapy population. A secondary purpose was to explore attitudes towards emerging electrotherapeutic technologies in the treatment of tennis elbow and to ascertain if culturally, within physiotherapy, there could be bias against such technologies because of a historic lack of high-quality evidence surrounding them. Methods The survey was undertaken entirely online using an e-mail cascade and 253 responses were gained. Results Overall, respondents overestimated the strength of evidence supporting a list of common treatment modalities. Where electrotherapeutic modalities were concerned, however, the vast majority of the sample thought the evidence was poor. Where diagnosis and management were concerned the majority of respondents appeared to practice in an evidence-based fashion. Conclusions Perhaps the most important finding of the study is that a third of respondents thought they might be biased against new electrotherapeutic technologies, even if they were using them within a research setting. The implications of this are discussed in the context of how factors such as communication and therapist affects may change treatment outcomes.
High-quality high-throughput silicon laser milling using a 1 kW sub-picosecond laser
Authors: Holder Daniel , Weber Rudolf , Röcker Christoph , Kunz Gerhard , Bruneel David , Delaigue Martin , Graf Thomas , Ahmed Marwan Abdou 
Published: December 2020

We report on high-quality high-throughput laser milling of silicon with a sub-ps laser delivering more than 1 kW of average laser power on the workpiece. In order to avoid heat accumulation effects, the processing strategy for high-quality laser milling was adapted to the available average power by using five-pulse bursts, a large beam diameter of 372 µm to limit the peak fluence per pulse to approximately

0.7

J

/

c
m

2

, and a high feed rate of 24 m/s. As a result, smooth surfaces with a low roughness of

S

a

≤
0.6

µ

m

were achieved up to the investigated milling depth of 313 µm while maintaining a high material removal rate of

230

m
m

3

/

min

.
Peripapillary perfused capillary density in true versus pseudoexfoliation syndrome: An OCTA study
Authors: Tangtammaruk Phantaraporn , Petpiroon Purit , Supakonatanasan Wasu , Teekhasaenee Chaiwat , Suwan Yanin 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
To compare peripapillary perfused capillary density (PCD) among eyes with true exfoliation syndrome (TEX), eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX), and healthy control eyes.

Materials and methods
In this observational cross-sectional study, eyes with and without TEX or PEX were assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) imaging. Bilateral OCTA images (4.5 × 4.5 mm2) centered at the optic nerve head were obtained using a commercial spectral domain OCTA system. Optic nerve head perfusion was quantified using the split-spectrum amplitude decorrelation angiography algorithm. Categorical and continuous variables were compared using the chi-squared test and one-way analysis of variance, respectively. The generalized estimating equation was used to adjust for confounding factors and determine inter-ocular associations.

Results
We enrolled 39 eyes with TEX, 31 eyes with PEX, and 32 control eyes. There were no significant differences among the three groups regarding age, intraocular pressure, cup-to-disc ratio, blood pressure, or axial length (all p>0.05). There were significant differences in global PCD among the three groups (p = 0.01). There were significant differences in annular PCD between the TEX and PEX groups (p = 0.027).

Conclusions
While both global and annular PCDs did not differ between the TEX and control groups, greater loss of annular PCD in the PEX group than in the TEX and control groups suggests more pronounced microvascular disturbance in PEX.

Synopsis/Precis
Greater microvascular attenuation in PEX compared with TEX and normal control measured by OCTA.
Eliciting women’s preferences for place of child birth at a peri-urban setting in Nairobi, Kenya: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Oluoch-Aridi Jackline , Adam Mary B. , Wafula Francis , K’okwaro Gilbert 
Published: December 2020

Objective
Maternal and newborn mortality rates are high in peri-urban areas in cities in Kenya, yet little is known about what drives women’s decisions on where to deliver. This study aimed at understanding women’s preferences on place of childbirth and how sociodemographic factors shape these preferences.

Methods
This study used a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE) to quantify the relative importance of attributes on women’s choice of place of childbirth within a peri-urban setting in Nairobi, Kenya. Participants were women aged 18–49 years, who had delivered at six health facilities. The DCE consisted of six attributes: cleanliness, availability of medical equipment and drug supplies, attitude of healthcare worker, cost of delivery services, the quality of clinical services, distance and an opt-out alternative. Each woman received eight questions. A conditional logit model established the relative strength of preferences. A mixed logit model was used to assess how women’s preferences for selected attributes changed based on their sociodemographic characteristics.

Results
411 women participated in the Discrete Choice Experiment, a response rate of 97.6% and completed 20,080 choice tasks. Health facility cleanliness was found to have the strongest association with choice of health facility (β = 1.488 p<0.001) followed respectively by medical equipment and supplies availability (β = 1.435 p<0.001). The opt-out alternative (β = 1.424 p<0.001) came third. The attitude of the health care workers (β = 1.347, p<0.001), quality of clinical services (β = 0.385, p<0.001), distance (β = 0.339, p<0.001) and cost (β = 0.0002 p<0.001) were ranked 4th to 7th respectively. Women who were younger and were the main income earners having a stronger preference for clean health facilities. Older married women had stronger preference for availability of medical equipment and kind healthcare workers.

Conclusions
Women preferred both technical and process indicators of quality of care. DCE’s can lead to the development of person-centered strategies that take into account the preferences of women to improve maternal and newborn health outcomes.
Non-prescription sale of antibiotics and service quality in community pharmacies in Guangzhou, China: A simulated client method
Authors: Kuang Lishan , Liu Yizhuo , Wei Wei , Song Xueqing , Li Xiaoqian , Liu Qiqi , Hong Weimin , Liu Qian , Li Jingwei , Chen Zhongwei , Fang Yu , Xia Sujian 
Published: December 2020

Objective
To measure the situation of the non-prescription sale of antibiotics and the service quality of community pharmacies in Guangzhou, China.

Methods
A simulated client method was conducted to estimate the non-prescription sale of antibiotics and service quality based on scenarios about adult acute upper respiratory tract infection in 2019. A total of 595 community pharmacies from 11 districts were investigated in Guangzhou, China. We used binary logistic regression to evaluate the factors associated with the non-prescription sale of antibiotics.

Results
The proportion of non-prescription dispensing of antibiotics was 63.1% in Guangzhou, China, with a higher incidence of antibiotic dispensing without prescription in outer districts (69.3%). Cephalosporin (44.1%) and Amoxicillin (39.0%) were sold more often than other antibiotics. Chain pharmacies had better performance on the prescription sale of antibiotics and service quality. Traditional Chinese medicine was commonly recommended by pharmacy staff.

Conclusion
Since the non-prescription sale of antibiotics is prevalent in Guangzhou, effective solutions should be determined. Strengthened public awareness and regulatory system innovation are needed.
Retrospective development of a novel resilience indicator using existing cohort data: The adolescent to adult health resilience instrument
Authors: Montoya-Williams Diana , Passarella Molly , Lorch Scott A. 
Published: December 2020

Background
Cohort studies represent rich sources of data that can be used to link components of resilience to a variety of health-related outcomes. The Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) cohort study represents one of the largest data sets of the health and social context of adolescents transitioning into adulthood. It did not however use validated resilience scales in its data collection process. This study aimed to retrospectively create and validate a resilience indicator using existing data from the cohort to better understand the resilience of its participants.

Methods
Questions asked of participants during one Add Health data collection time period (N = 15,701) were matched to items on a well-known and widely validated resilience scale called the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. Factor analysis and psychometric analyses were used to refine and validate this novel Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument. Construct validity utilized participants’ answers to the 10 item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, which has been used to validate other resilience scales.

Results
Factor analysis yielded an instrument with 13 items that showed appropriate internal consistency statistics. Resilience scores in our study were normally distributed with no ceiling or floor effects. Our instrument had appropriate construct validity, negatively correlating to answers on the depression scale (r = -0.64, p<0.001). We also found demographic differences in mean resilience scores: lower resilience scores were seen among women and those who reported lower levels of education and household income.

Conclusions
It is possible to retrospectively construct a resilience indicator from existing cohort data and achieve good psychometric properties. The Adolescent to Adult Health Resilience Instrument can be used to better understand the relationship between resilience, social determinants of health and health outcomes among young adults using existing data, much of which is publicly available.
RYGB increases postprandial gastric nesfatin-1 and rapid relieves NAFLD via gastric nerve detachment
Authors: Wang Geng , Wang Qingbo , Bai Jie , Li Gang , Tao Kaixiong , Wang Guobin , Xia Zefeng 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundRoux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) could reduce nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ahead of the weight-loss effects. But the detailed mechanisms remain unclear.Material and methodsA high-fat diet (HFD) was fed to induce obesity. RYGB was then performed. Gastric nesfatin-1 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in portal vein and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in gastric tissues. Modified surgeries including vagus-preserved bypass and vagectomy were performed and postprandial gastric nesfatin-1 were analyzed. The effects of nesfatin-1 on hepatocytes were studied by PCR and immunohistochemistry. Both intraperitoneal and intracerebroventricular injection (ICV) were performed to analyze thein vivoeffects on liver lipid metabolism.ResultsIncreased postprandial portal vein nesfatin-1 was observed in RYGB but not in control groups. This increase is mainly due to induction of gastric nesfatin-1. A modified RYGB in which the gastric vagus is preserved is conducted and, in this case, this nesfatin-1 induction effect is diminished. Mere vagectomy could also induce a similar nesfatin-1 increase pattern. The infusion of nesfatin-1 in the brain could inhibit the expression of gastric nesfatin-1, and the effects are diminished after gastric vagectomy.In vivoandin vitronesfatin-1 stimulation in the liver resulted in improvements in lipid metabolism.ConclusionsSevering the gastric vagus during RYGB could cut off the negative control from the central nervous system (CNS) and result in increased postprandial gastric nesfatin-1 post surgery, which in turn, improves NAFLD.
BANKERLERDEN GÜNÜMÜZE TÜRK BANKACILIK TARİHİNİN KRONOLOJİK OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KAYA Emine , ARSLANTÜRK ÇÖLLÜ Duygu 
Published: December 2020

Türkiye’de para ve sermaye piyasalarında aktif şekilde faaliyet gösteren bankalar, finansal sistemin en önemli ayaklarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Günümüz itibariyle güçlü kurumlara ve modern bir bankacılık anlayışına sahip olan Türk bankacılık sektörünün geldiği noktanın doğru değerlendirilmesi adına sektörün tarihsel süreç içinde geçirdiği değişim ve dönüşümün kavranması büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türk bankacılık sektörünün tarihsel gelişimi kronolojik olarak incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda Türk bankacılık tarihinin 19. yüzyıla kadar uzandığı ve Osmanlı döneminde banker ve sarrafların faaliyetleri ile başladığı tespit edilmiştir. Cumhuriyet öncesinde daha çok yüksek kamu borçlanmalarını finanse etmek üzere faaliyet gösteren bankalar, Cumhuriyet’in ilk yıllarında ise, sanayi sektörünün finanse edilmesinde görev almıştır. Bu süreçte özel sektörün güçlenerek, özel bankaların kurulduğu tespit edilmiştir. Planlı dönemde ise, bankacılık sektörü için istikrarsız büyüme ve enflasyondan kaynaklanan zorluklar yaşanmıştır. 1980 yılından sonra piyasa ekonomisine geçiş ile, bankacılık sektöründe birçok yenilik meydana gelmiştir. Ancak 1990’dan sonra, yüksek kamu borçları ve yüksek enflasyon nedeniyle, bankacılık sektörü zor yıllar yaşamıştır. Yaşanan krizlerin ardından bankacılık sektöründe, yeniden yapılandırma süreci başlamış ve kredi hacmi ilerleyen yıllarda oldukça genişlemiştir. Mevcut durum itibariyle, Türk bankacılık sektörü sağlam mali yapısı ile faaliyetlerini sürdürmektedir.
TÜRK HAVAYOLU SEKTÖRÜNDEKİ ÖNDE GELEN HAVAYOLU ŞİRKETLERİNİN FİNANSAL BAŞARISIZLIK TAHMİNİ: ANALİTİK BİR İNCELEME
Authors: KÖSE Yaşar 
Published: December 2020

Genel olarak küresel düzeyde ele alınan sivil havacılık sektörü ve havayolu şirketleri hem Türkiye’de hem de dünyada üst düzeyde bir rekabetin oluştuğu, ulusal ve uluslararası regülasyonların önem kazandığı; ekonomik, siyasi, sosyal, kültürel, çevresel, iklimsel, terörizm, salgın hastalıklar gibi birçok risk unsurunu değişik derecelerde barındıran bir sektördür. Böylesine bir sektörde faaliyetlerini sürdüren havayolu şirketleri finansal performanslarını kabul edilebilir düzeyde tutmaya çalışmaktadırlar. Çalışmada Türk Sivil Havayolu Sektöründe yer alan ve BIST-100’de işlem gören Türk Hava Yolları A.O. ve Pegasus Hava Taşımacılığı A.Ş.’ne ait 2014-2018 yılların Bilanço, Gelir Tablosu, Özkaynaklar Değişim Tablosu ve Nakit Akım Tabloları veri seti olarak kullanılmıştır. Belirtilen finansal tablolardan ilgili hesap kalemlerinin tutarları esas alınarak, her iki şirketin Altman ve Springate Z Skorları ve Fulmer’in H Değerleri hesaplanmış ve bunlara dayanarak şirketlerin finansal başarısızlıkları hakkında tahminde bulunulmuştur. Her üç çok boyutlu finansal analiz ile finansal başarısızlık tahmininde; her iki şirketin de Fulmer H Değer Modelinde sonuçları tatmin edici olarak bulunmuştur. Altman ve Springate Z Skor Modelinde daha az faktör değerlendirilmeye esas alınırken, Fulmer H Değer Modelinde 9 faktör değerlendirmeye alınmış olup, bu yönüyle daha sağlıklı sonuç verebileceği değerlendirilmektedir.
El manejo de aguas residuales y residuos peligrosos en talleres mecánicos en la ciudad de Guasave, Sinaloa, México
Authors: González Cázarez G. , Ahumada-Cervantes R. , Ahumada-Cervantes B. , González- Márquez L. , García-Urquidez D. 
Published: December 2020

Se analiza el manejo de los residuos peligrosos y de las aguas residuales de los talleres de servicio mecánico y sus posibles afectaciones al ambiente, así como las causas del inadecuado manejo de los mismos. El estudio se realizó en la ciudad de Guasave, Sinaloa, México, que cuenta con 273 talleres de servicio mecánico en el sector urbano; se aplicó un cuestionario de opción múltiple tipo encuesta a una muestra aleatoria de 72 establecimientos para obtener información del manejo de sus residuos y descargas, la normatividad ambiental, entrevistas a autoridades ambientales y a personal de la Junta de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado para obtener una visión integral en torno al cumplimiento de las leyes, reglamentos y normas ambientales. Los resultados indican que los propietarios de estos establecimientos incumplen con la normatividad ambiental en el manejo de sus descargas residuales y residuos peligrosos, principalmente por razones económicas ya que son micro y pequeñas empresas preocupadas por la supervivencia; así como el desinterés de los empresarios provocado por la escasa inspección y vigilancia de parte de las autoridades ambientales; acciones que provocan afectaciones tanto al medio ambiente, como a la salud de los pobladores y al sistema de drenaje y alcantarillado de la ciudad.
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ТЕРРИТОРИЯМИ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ ПРИ ВЕДЕНИИ ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ
Authors: Овчинникова Наталья Геннадьевна , Жидкова Екатерина Ивановна , Тимофеева Виктория Анатольевна 
Published: December 2020

Целью исследования является рассмотрение процесса управления территориями муниципальных образований посредством ведения градостроительной деятельности, целью которого является создание наиболее благоприятных и комфортных условий для жизни населения и функционирования города как целостной системы.Методологическую базу исследования представляет анализ нормативно-правовогорегулирования системы территориального планирования и застройки территорий муниципальных образований, экономических и эстетических принципов возведения объектов строительства, применение которых способствует улучшению качества жизни населения на территории, повышению экономического роста региона.Результаты исследования. Важным результатом данного исследования является выявление методологических предпосылок осуществления градостроительной деятельности на муниципальном уровне. Все внимание концентрируется на вопросах проектирования и застройки территорий муниципальных образований, нормативно-правового регулирования системы территориального планирования в Российской Федерации, существующих принципах возведения городских объектов. Тем самым хочется отметить, что принятие градостроительных решений должно осуществляться на основе учета самых разнообразных факторов: экономических, правовых, эстетических, социальных, экологических и пр. Эффективными будут считаться те решения, которые принимают во внимание все эти критерии в комплексе и способствуют повышению качества жизни людей на данной территории.Перспективу исследования составляет анализ, направленный на раскрытие механизмов осуществления градостроительной деятельности в условиях интенсивного освоения территорий муниципальных образований.