bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Immune Response in Patients Infected with Clostridioides Difficile Due to Serum Biomarkers' Level with Correlation to Clinical Characteristics and Bacterial Toxin Production
Authors: Gotshal Dor , Azrad Maya , Hamo Zohar , Nitzan Orna , Peretz Avi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) have a high risk for complications up to death which requires identifying patients with severe disease and treating them accordingly. We examined the serum level of 6 cytokines and chemokines (IL-6, IL-21, IL-23, IL-33, BCA-1, TRAIL) and we checked the correlation between them to the patients' clinical characteristics and the bacterial strain.Methods: Concentrations of 6 cytokines and chemokines were measured using the MILLIPLEX®MAP kit (Billerica, USA) based on the Luminex xMAP® technology, in serum samples, attained from 54 CDI patients within a median time of 24-48 hours after laboratory confirmation of C. difficile presence. The demographic and clinical data were retrospectively collected from medical records. Disease severity score was determined according to the guidelines of the "Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America and the Infectious Diseases Society of America" (SHEA-IDSA).Results: Out of 54 patients (mean age, 76.6 years, 61.1% female), 20 (37%) had mild to moderate disease and 34 (63%) had severe disease. Two immunological markers were associated with a more severe disease: IL-16 (p = 0.005) and BCA-1 (p = 0.012). The study didn’t show a correlation between the immunological markers to the gender, the type of toxin which produced by the bacteria, in hospital mortality and infection acquisition.Conclusions: cytokines and chemokines may serve as a biomarker for early prediction of CDI severity in the future. Improved and more accessible assessment of CDI severity will contribute to adjustment of the medical treatment which will lead to a better patient outcome and hopefully will reduce the patient's mortality.
Ral GTPases targeted by miR-215-5p promote lung cancer proliferation and migration
Authors: Zhu Hao , Cui Shufang , Fan Gentao , Zhang Jing , Hua Xiaofeng , Zhu Yan , Jin Yuanhan , Cao Lili , Zhang Junliang , Zhou Xing , Zhou Guangxin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The Ras-like guanosine triphosphatases (Ral GTPases) belongs to the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. Ras mutations occur in more than one in three human tumors. However, treatments acting directly on Ras post-translational modifications were developed and have been manufactured for many years, although they have demonstrated poor clinical performance. Ral GTPases include RalA and RalB, seem to be a new potential pathway downstream of mutant Ras.
Methods

In this study, we examined protein and mRNA level of Ral GTPases in lung specimens from 12 lung cancer patients using Western Blot and RT-PCR. The effects of RalA and RalB on the proliferation and migration were examined by functional tests in vitro and in vivo. The binding site in miR-215-5p and RalA or RalB was predicted using bioinformatics software and proved by Western Blot, RT-PCR and luciferase assay. The effect of miR-215-5p on RalA and RalB were examined in cell lines and xenograft mice.
Results

Here, we reported that miR-215-5p was downregulated in human lung cancer tissues compared with noncancerous tissues, whereas the expression level of Ral GTPases was higher. We further verified that the negative regulation of Ral GTPases by miR-215-5p could inhibit the proliferation and migration of lung cancer in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusion

In this study, we reported that RalA and RalB promote lung cancer proliferation and migration. Moreover, we identified miR-215-5p as a tumor suppressor that targets Ral GTPases. Our results may offer therapeutic opportunities in lung cancer.
An immune-related lncRNA signature as a prognostic immunotherapy target for colon cancer
Authors: Wu Bin , Yao Yi , Dong Yi , Yang Si Qi , Zhou Deng Jing , Xiao Meng Xia , Song Qi Bin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background：We aimed to investigate an immune-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signature that may be exploited as a potential immunotherapy target in colon cancer. Materials and methods: Colon cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) containing available clinical information and complete genomic mRNA expression data were used in our study. We then constructed immune-related lncRNA co-expression networks to identify the most promising immune-related lncRNAs. According to the risk score developed from screened immune-related lncRNAs, the high-risk and low-risk groups were separated on the basis of the median risk score, which served as the cutoff value. An overall survival analysis was then performed to confirm that the risk score developed from screened immune-related lncRNAs could predict colon cancer prognosis. The prediction reliability was further evaluated in the independent prognostic analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). A principal component analysis (PCA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed for functional annotation. Results: Information for a total of 514 patients was included in our study. After multiplex analysis, 12 immune-related lncRNAs were confirmed as a signature to evaluate the risk scores for each patient with cancer. Patients in the low-risk group exhibited a longer overall survival (OS) than those in the high-risk group. Additionally, the risk scores were an independent factor, and the Area Under Curve (AUC) of ROC for accuracy prediction was 0.726. Moreover, the low-risk and high-risk groups displayed different immune statuses based on principal components and gene set enrichment analysis.﻿Conclusions: Our study suggested that the signature consisting of 12 immune-related lncRNAs can provide an accessible approach to measuring the prognosis of colon cancer and may serve as a valuable antitumor immunotherapy.
Early Diagnosis Of Postoperative Delirium In Patients Who Underwent General Surgery
Authors: oluş fatih , gündüz emel , arıcı gülbin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common postoperative complication. This study aimed to diagnose POD early primarily in patients who underwent General Surgery. This study also aimed to shorten the duration of hospital stays, prevent re-hospitalization after discharge and decrease the rates of morbidity/mortality through investigating the relationship with the characteristics of the patients/surgery/anesthesia in patients diagnosed with postoperative delirium in an early period. Material and Methods: Data of 303 patients at the age of 18 and above who were operated by General Surgery Clinic between March 2018 and May 2018, who were followed up by the Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation for preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods and who received general anesthesia were included in the study.Patients’ demographic data, occupation, educational status, income level, additional diseases, ASA (American Society of Anesthesia) score, previous surgeries, history of a psychiatric or neurological disease, history of alcohol, cigarette, or drug use, and memory problems were recorded. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to identify preoperative mental levels of the patients. Diagnosis of the patient, name, duration and features of the surgery to be performed, whether the surgery was urgent or elective, drugs used, type of catheterization (artery, central, foley or nasogastric), Hb value, intraoperative vital findings, and duration of postoperative discharge were recorded. The diagnosis of POD in patients was evaluated with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM). Results: POD developed in 2-6% (8 patients) of the patients. A significant relationship was recorded between the diagnosis of POD and age and additional diseases (ASA score). Results showed that the risk of delirium decreased as the education levels of the patients increased. A significant relationship was recorded between delirium and only midazolam among anesthetic agents used. A significant relationship was recorded among hypercarbia that developed during the surgery, invasive procedures, prolonged duration of surgery and hospitalizations in Intensive Care Units and Post-Anesthesia Care Units.Conclusion: The rate of POD (2.6%) and risk factors determined for POD within the first three days in our study were in compliance with literature. Diagnosing POD with CAM in an early postoperative period was advantageous. The treatment planning of the patients for POD could be done in the early period. By doing this, increase in mortality, morbidity and cost as a result of missing the diagnosis of POD was prevented.
Higher Blood Alcohol Concentration is Related to Less Severe Injury Amongst Intoxicated Trauma Patients
Authors: Kumar Nikathan , Prabhakaran Kartik , McIntyre Matthew K. , Samson David J. , Latifi Rifat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Previous studies show varied results regarding the protective effects of alcohol intoxication upon injury and mortality in the setting of trauma. Our study aimed to determine the effects of blood alcohol content (BAC) amongst trauma patients with alcohol ingestion, upon injury type and severity, as well as outcomes.
Methods

This 4-year retrospective study (2013–2017) used an institutional trauma database to capture all Level 1 and 2 trauma patients (≥14 years old) with BAC > 10 mg/dL presenting to the emergency department at a Level 1 trauma center. Demographic variables including mechanism of injury (MOI) were collected. Patients’ BAC was compared to their calculated injury severity scores (ISS) and abbreviated injury scale (AIS) scores. Analysis included linear regression, T-tests and ANOVAs with Tukey’s post-hoc analysis for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for binary variables. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of injury severity.
Results

332 intoxicated patients were identified (mean BAC: 210.2±87.14 mg/dL, range 12.7–460.0; 74.1% male; median age 35; range: 16–90). The median ISS was 6 (range: 1–48). Patients in motor vehicle collisions had lower BACs (186.0±5.59 mg/dL) than those who fell (233.8±10.42 mg/dL, p = 0.0002), were assaulted (230.4±14.04 mg/dL, p = 0.0261), or were pedestrians struck (259.4±14.17 mg/dL, p = 0.004). Overall, patients with higher BAC had lower GCS, lower ISS, and shorter intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, but no differences in hospital stay, or ventilator days.
Conclusions

Trauma patients with higher BAC have lower ISS, less severe chest injury, and shorter ICU stays. These findings suggest that higher levels of alcohol ingestion may portend a protective effect in the setting of trauma with respect to severity of injury that does not mitigate the importance of education and injury prevention but warrants further study into the physiology of alcohol and trauma.
Potential Phytochemical Inhibitors of the Coronavirus RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase: A Molecular Docking Study
Authors: P Ardra. , Singh Prachi , VR Hariprasad , UV Babu , Rafiq Mohamed , Rao Raghavendra Pralhada 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 disease that originated in China by the end of 2019 has now become a pandemic and has affected 216 countries as on 08 June 2020. RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), the core enzyme in the multiprotein replicase-transcriptase complex of coronaviruses, serves as a classical target for inhibiting the coronavirus infectivity. In this study we performed molecular docking of sixty-nine different phytochemical compounds from various herbs with RdRp of both SARS-CoV-2 and its predecessor SARS-CoV. Our results show that various phytochemical constituents from Withania somnifera root extract, Hyssopus officinalis and Camellia sinensis leaf extract have high binding affinity towards RdRps and are comparable to the small molecule drug remdesivir. Their binding interactions reveal that they bind to the amino acid residues involved in nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) entry and recognition site and metal ion cofactor chelating site of both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Hence they are different from the classical nucleotide analog inhibitors of RdRp. This study paves a quick platform for development of targeted therapy using phytochemicals for COVID-19 and other potential SARS coronavirus related outbreaks in future.
A processing method for kinematics data of human knee joint obtained by motion-capture measurement
Authors: Wang Jian-Ping , Wang Shi-hua , Zhao Xuan , Hu Hai , Wang Yan-qing , Liu Jin-lai , Chen Xu , Li Yu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The data obtained by motion capture method is many and complex, so it is the key to find an efficient method to process the data. Therefore，to develop a processing method for kinematics data of human knee joint by programming on MATLAB software. Methods: The coordinate data of markers on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were firstly read and repaired through the program. Then the coordinate data of anatomical points in the movement of human lower limb were obtained by program processing. The local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. After that the flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint in the movement of lower limb were obtained by coordinate transformation. Lastly, the motion capture and measurement of healthy volunteers were carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data processing. Results: Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and ascending stairs of 29 healthy volunteers to obtain the motion characteristics of the knee joint. As follows, the maximum range of internal and external rotation in squatting is 30.5 degrees, and the maximum range of internal and external rotation in climbing stairs is 16.5 degrees, etc., respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, it is found that their movement results are basically consistent, thus verifying the reliability of our research method. Conclusion: The kinematics data of human knee joint could be processed accurately and effectively with the method by using MATLAB software, and the kinematics characteristics of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained. The processing method provides a reference for the designing and optimization of knee prosthesis, and the program can be modified for different purposes. At the same time, it is helpful to study knee joint movement of patients after total knee arthroplasty.
Preliminary findings on the relationship between gender, FTO rs9939609, leptin &amp; ghrelin levels and eating behaviours of adults
Authors: AĞAGÜNDÜZ DUYGU , GEZMEN-KARADAĞ Makbule 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and mutations in the
first intron of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene
(rs9939609) have been reported to be associated with obesity and
eating behaviour in children and adults in widespread populations.
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between FTO
gene polymorphism and eating behaviour in adults with different
genders.
Methods
The present study included 200 participants (100 males,100
females) aged 18-65 years, who were genotyped for FTO gene
(rs9939609) polymorphism. Eating behaviour were evaluated via
revised 18-item of the three-factor eating questionnaire(TFEQ-R18).
Serum leptin& ghrelin were analysed. ABI TaqMan SNP Genotyping
Assays (LightCycler 480 System, Roche) was used to determine the
intronic FTO gene rs9939609 (T/A) SNPs.
Results
Total 68.4% of individuals with AA genotype which was homozygote
risky genotype for obesity were female and 31.6% were
male(p<0.05). When eating behaviour scores of individuals
according to genders, the difference between the cognitive
restraint scores (M:16.7±2.74 vs. F:16.1±2.34; p<0.05) and
emotional eating score(M:10.2±2.26 vs. F:8.5±2.84) was
statistically significant(p<0.05). However, there was no
statistically significant difference between the total scores of
the TFEQ-R18 of males and females (p>0.05). When examining
eating behaviour scores of individuals according to genotypes; it
was found that no statistically significant difference between the
sub-dimensions and total scores of TFEQ-R18. However, total score
of TFEQ-R18 was negatively associated with the serum leptin in
females with AA genotype(p<0.05), and positively associated with
the serum ghrelin levels in males with TT genotype(p<0.05).
Conclusion
It was determined that eating behaviours in adults differed by
gender rather than genotypes of FTO gene (rs9939609) polymorphism
and gender was important factor for eating behaviour related to FTO
gene rs9939609 genotypes in association with serum leptin-ghrelin
level.
Soybean Oligosaccharides Supplementation Attenuates the Fecal Odor Compounds by Modulate the Cecal Microbiota of Broilers
Authors: Liu Haiying , Li Xin , Zhu Xin , Dong Weiguo , Yang Guiqin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Abatement of odor emissions in poultry production is very important for the quality and safety in poultry industries and benefit to the environment.Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the dietary supplementation of different levels soybean oligosaccharides (SBO) in comparison with chlortetracycline (CHL) on major odor-causing compound in excreta and cecal microbiota of broiler chickens. One-day-old broiler chickens were assigned to 6 treatments with 6 replicate pens (10 birds/pen) for the 42-day experiment, including, the negative control (NC) fed a basal diet, the positive control (PC) fed a basal diet with CHL, and the basal diet with SBO at 0.5, 2.0, 3.5, and 5.0 g/kg, respectively. Fresh excreta was sampled for analysis odor compounds by high performance liquid chromatography. Cecum content was collected to analyze the cecal microbiota by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: The excreta indole concentration of broilers fed 2.0, 3.5 and 5.0 g/kg SBO and CHL diets were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) compared to NC. Excreta skatole concentration (P < 0.001) and pH (P < 0.05) were decreased by SBO and CHL. Formate concentration of birds fed 3.5 and 5.0 g/kg SBO diets were higher than that of birds fed other diets (P < 0.001). The acetate concentration (P = 0.003) were increased in birds fed 3.5 g/kg SBO diet. Deep sequencing 16S rRNA revealed that the composition of the cecal microbial digesta slightly or significantly changed by the supplementation of SBO or CHL. SBO decreased the abundance of Bacteroides, Bilophila, and Escherichia, which were related to indole and skatole concentration of excreta. While CHL had strong tendency to enrich Ruminococcus and reduce Rikenella. Conclusion: These results indicated that supplementation of dietary SBO was beneficial in attenuating the concentration of odor causing compounds and impact the composition cecal microbiota of broilers.
Periodic Curcumin Monoglucuronide Injections Ameliorate Structural Osteoarthritis Changes in Rats with Destabilized Medial Meniscus
Authors: Nakahata Akihiro , Ito Akira , Nakahara Ryo , Kishimoto Atsuhiro , Imaizumi Atsushi , Hashimoto Tadashi , Mukai Shogo , Nakagawa Yasuaki , Kuroki Hiroshi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Curcumin has anti-inflammatory effects. However, curcumin is poorly water-soluble, and when administered orally, formscurcumin conjugates with poor efficacy.Curcumin monoglucuronide (TBP1901) is highly water-soluble and can existinthe free-form in a greater proportion than curcumin in vivo. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intra-articular TBP1901 injections fora rat model of osteoarthritis (OA).Methods: Sixty-four male Wistar rats (12weeks old) that had receivedthe destabilized medial meniscus(DMM) surgery, were randomly separatedinto the TBP1901 injectionandthe saline solution injection (control) group. They were sacrificedat 1, 2, 6, or 10weeks postoperatively(n = 8 for each). The TBP1901 (30mg/mL) andsaline solutionof 50μLwere administered to the knee joint through the patella tendon twice a week for the rats sacrificedat1 and 2weeks or once a week for at6 and 10weeks. The OA changes were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histology, and immunohistochemical analysis.Results:Curcumin fluorescence was confirmed in the articular cartilageand synovium of rats with TBP1901 injections at all observation periods.The TBP1901injections significantly reducedthe synovial inflammation at 1 and 2 weeks and the expression of TNFα in thetibialarticular cartilage at 6 weeks postoperatively.Moreover, TBP1901 injections ameliorated the articular cartilage structure, the subchondral bone (SB) plate thickness, and perforations from 6 to 10 weeks.As a result, there were significant differencesbetween groups in OA scores, SB plate thickness, and perforations at 10 weeks postoperatively.In addition, osteophyte formation in the TBP1901group was significantly suppressed after 10 weeks.Conclusion: This study reports the first evidence that TBP1901 injections suppress inflammation and osteophyte formation, and ameliorate the articular cartilage and SB pathologies by absorption in the articular cartilage and synovium in a rat DMM model.Therefore, intra-articular injections of TBP1901may be effective in improving OA pathology.
Prognostic Value of Combined Detection of Serum and Pleural Fluid Tumor Markers in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer With Malignant Pleural Effusion
Authors: Xie Li-Xu , Jiang Shi-Chang , Chen Zi , Jiang Shu-Juan , Wang Xing-Guang , Zhou Lin-Fu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Serum tumor markers are considered a negative prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Combined detection of serum and pleural fluid (PF) tumor markers is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between combined detection of serum and pleural fluid (SPF) tumor markers and prognosis in advanced NSCLC.Results: High levels of SPF CEA (P = 0.001) , SPF CYFRA21-1 (P = 0.001) and SPF CA-125 (P = 0.023) were adversely prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). High levels of SPF CEA (P = 0.003) , SPF CYFRA21-1 (P = 0.001) and SPF NSE (P = 0.019) were related to worse progression-free survival (PFS). In multivariate analysis high levels of SPF CYFRA21-1 was a independent predictor of OS and high levels of SPF CEA and SPF CYFRA21-1 were independent predictors of PFS.Conclusions: High levels of SPF CEA and SPF CYFRA21-1 are correlated with worse survival in advanced NSCLC patients with MPE. The identification of prognostic factors maybe useful in stratifying high-risk populations and will assist the choice of treatment planning.