bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric Study of a Plunging NACA0012 Airfoil
Authors: Rodrigues Camacho Emanuel António , Da Silva Pereira das Neves Fernando Manuel , Resende Rodrigues Silva André , Manuel Martins Barata Jorge 
Published: June 2020

Natural flight has always been the source of imagination for the Human being, but reproducing the propulsive systems used by animals is indeed complex. New challenges in today’s society have made biomimetics gain a lot of momentum because of the high performance and versatility these systems possess when subjected to the low Reynolds numbers effects. The main objective of the present work is the computational study of the influence of the Reynolds number, frequency and amplitude of the oscillatory movement of a NACA0012 airfoil in the aerodynamic performance for a constant angle of attack over time. The thrust and power coefficients are obtained which together are used to calculate the propulsive efficiency. The simulations were performed using ANSYS Fluent with a RANS approach for Reynolds numbers between 8,500 and 34,000, reduced frequencies between 1 and 5, and Strouhal numbers from 0.1 to 0.4. The aerodynamic parameters were widely explored as well as their interaction, obtaining optimal operational condition zones for the different Reynolds numbers studied.
Keywords: Plunging, Airfoil, CFD, Aerodynamic coefficients, Biomimicry
3D Unsteady RANS Computation of the Mixing on a T-junction
Authors: Cândido Sílvio , Páscoa José 
Published: June 2020

Turbulent mixing is a very common phenomenon in industrial processes. It is well know that the turbulence model has a massive impact on the accuracy of a turbulent flow, principally when it is used in processes of turbulent mixing. For this reason, this paper aims to investigate the impact of two specific turbulence models on calculating a mixture of gas-gas, using a 3D T- junction geometry. The differences between the calculation with two RANS based model, the kw-SST and SAS are investigated here. A mixture of Air and N2 is performed. The sensibility of the refinement of the mesh of calculation is assessed to calculate the discretization error. A comparison of results obtained with the distinct models of turbulence is made with available experimental data. In this comparison it is showed that the SAS model, due to its capability of capturing some vortexes that SST couldn’t, offers a better accuracy, with an error maximum bellow the 7%, in comparison to the experimental data.
Keywords: T-juntion, Turbulent mixing, RANS, CFD
Shared Spaces in Cities of Poland
Authors: Zalewski Andrzej 
Published: June 2020

The aim of paper is a presentation an idea of shared space in the cities and results of implementation of this solution in the cities of Poland. The methodology of elaboration consisted of carrying out a review of the literature, comparing existing solutions and formulating conclusions regarding implementation. This trend, which has appeared over the past 50 years as a counterbalance to the pedestrianization of public spaces, is at the beginning of the 21st century experiencing its second youth and is being implemented in many areas in intensive urban development, especially in urban centers and areas of historic character. Shared space solutions are an integral way of shaping functions and forms of revitalized public spaces. These solutions contributes to improving the quality of public space and traffic safety, revitalizing social life, improving and reducing the environmental nuisance caused by traffic and finally created liveable city. Analyzes effectuated indicate, that in central areas of cities in Poland whose spatial arrangement is legally protected, the forms of shared spaces solutions are strongly influenced by strong conservation restrictions in these areas. This means the need to respect existing historical conditions in shaping public spaces, as well as limited transformation possibilities. The Polish solutions of shared spaces presented in this paper of in their forms and quality do not differ from the standard functional solutions abroad. Solutions implemented in the Polish conditions, however, are more modest in terms of materials and implemented in a smaller number than is the case in Western European countries.
Keywords: Shared spaces, Traffic calming, Cities of Poland, Creation of public space
Automatic System to Control the Anisotropy of Lyocell Felted Webs
Authors: José Ramos Belino Nuno , Figueiredo Nunes Mário , Torrão Fiadeiro Paulo 
Published: June 2020

The webs produced using a card as former system generally keep the fiber orientation. This effect is not very important for a great number of applications. But if an even pore distribution is necessary or the mechanical properties are to be uniform in all directions, then this system doesn’t work very well. Taking into account these considerations, a new technological solution has been specifically devised to control the fibre orientation during the drafting operation in pre-needled felts. A prototype is used as drafting unit with the rolls driven by stepper motors and controlled by computer. Two video cameras collect images of the surface of the web, before and after the drafting operation, and process them in a computer. The values of the images textural descriptors, are calculated and compared. It is intended an increase in entropy which means that the web become less ordered and this is the situation we are aiming for. A computer program will adjust automatically the speed and pressure of the drafting cylinders so as to achieve the best possible situation in terms of the isotropy of the final product and, consequently, MD:CD ratio close to 1.
Keywords: Anisotropy, Nonwoven felts, Image analysis, Textural descriptors, Estiragem
Coder and Decoder of Block mBnB Principally the 1B2B or Manchester
Authors: D. Reis António , F. Rocha José , S. Gameiro Atílio 
Published: June 2020

This work presents the coder and decoder of block mBnB of the type 1B2B or Manchester. In the coder 1B2B each block/word of 1 input bit is coded in the block / word of 2 output bits. In the decoder 1B2B happen the inverse, each block of 2 input bits is newly converted in the original block of 1 output bit. The coder injects in the transmission line a number of 1’s exactly equal to the number of 0’s, what guarantees a DC constant component and maximizes the transitions number. The objective is to implement the pair coder and decoder 1B2B so that it improves the transmission quality and increases the information security.
Keywords: Block codes, Digital systems, Transmission lines
Substitution of a Conventional Gas Turbine By a HT-PEMFC APU: Feasibility Study
Authors: Carolina Castro Pereira Araújo Bruna , Miguel Ribeiro Proença Brojo Francisco 
Published: June 2020

The aviation industry is increasing leading to a harmful environmental impact. APU is liable for 20% of airport ground-based emissions, 50% of aircraft maintenance costs and more than 5% of the daily fuel consumption [1]. Aware of this growing problem and its consequences, research should be conducted targeting new, non-polluting energy sources capable of meeting or even exceeding the aircraft’s electrical needs. With this in mind, the main goal of this article was to analyze the feasibility of implementing a HT-PEMFC system as a more sustainable alternative for the gas turbine APU in an Airbus A320. The fuel used was methane which requires a fuel processor to convert it into hydrogen before entering the fuel cell. The maximum output work of this methane-supplied system is estimated at 250 kW. Therefore, a fuel processor and a fuel cell mathematical models were required. The two models along with the thermodynamic analysis were performed in MATLAB. The aims of this project were to evaluate fuel processing of methane and its conversion into electric energy through a fuel cell; to perform the thermodynamic analysis of HT-PEMFC APU based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics; and estimate the total weight, emissions and fuel consumption of the HT- PEMFC APU. The results of this research were very encouraging, as it shows that the breakeven weight of the HT-PEMFC, for a mass increment of 854 kg, was compensated by a fuel efficiency of ∼2.7 times the conventional APU.
Keywords: APU, HT-PEMFC, Fuel cell
Short-term Hydro-thermal Coordination By Lagrangian Relaxation: A New Algorithm for the Solution of the Dual Problem
Authors: Bento Pedro , Pina Filipe , Mariano Sílvio , do Rosario Calado Maria 
Published: June 2020

For decades, researchers have been studying the unit commitment problem in electrical power generation. To solve this complex, large scale and constrained optimization (primal) problem in a direct manner is not a feasible approach, which is where Lagrangian relaxation comes in as the answer. The dual Lagrangian problem translates a relaxed problem approach, that indirectly leads to solutions of the original (primal) problem. In the coordination problem, a decomposition takes place where the global solution is achieved by coordinating between the respective subproblems solutions. This dual problem is solved iteratively, and Lagrange multipliers are updated between each iteration using subgradient methods. To tackle, time-consuming tuning tasks or user related experience, a new adaptative algorithm, is proposed to better adjust the step-size used to update Lagrange multipliers, i.e., avoid the need to pre-select a set of parameters. A results comparison against a traditionally employed step-size update mechanism, showed that the adaptive algorithm manages to obtain improved performances in terms of the targeted primal problem.
Keywords: Hydro-Thermal coordination, Lagrangian relaxation, Lagrangian dual problem, Lagrange multipliers, Subgradient methods
TRADE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE BRITISH WEST INDIES (1823-1846)
Authors: V. Sang N. , Trang L. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the study: This study investigated the history of trade relations between the United States and the British West Indies from 1823 to 1846.
Methodology: This article uses a combination of historical approach and interdisciplinary approach through statistics, analysis of statistical reports, and content of scientific publications on the topic.
Main Findings: The author of this article has analyzed the value of trade and the structure of exchanged products, compared the trade value between the US and the British West Indies with other regions as well as its effect on the US, British Indies in the context of the British-American relations in the first half of the nineteenth century.
Applications of this study: This study can be useful to understand the history of trade relations between the US and the British colonies in the West Indies during the first half of the nineteenth century. It can also be used for academic purposes for universities, researchers, lecturers of history and political sciences as well as undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This paper is the first study on the history of trade relations between the US and the British West Indies between 1823 and 1846.
Cirugía Ginegológica
Authors: Vergara T. Roberto , Duplat Y. Enrique , Correa Humberto H. , Angulo R. Alberto , Villaneda S. Alberto , Pedraza G. Jaime , Ruiz A. Jaime , Acero R. Uriel , Jordán Germán , Caicedo Alvaro , González Guillermo , Rodríguez S. Arturo , Jaramillo U. Roberto 
Published: June 2020

Después de una introducción y de una breve reseña histórica, en la cual se resaltan las labores desarrolladas por los pioneros de la Cirugía Ginecológica en Colombia, se proponen con fin docente una serie de normas para seguir en el pre y post-operatorio. Se plantean los siguientes objetivos: 1. Establecer la frecuencia de la Cirugía Ginecológica en la ciudad de Bogotá, D. E. 2. Registrar los procedimientos quirúrgicos más frecuentemente empleados en las diferentes Instituciones encuestadas, enumerando las normas generales pertinentes. Para cumplir estos objetivos fue necesario hacer un análisis estadístico excluyendo los casos de patología infecciosa grávido puerperal, así como las cesáreas y sus complicaciones. Se revisaron 2.137 historias clínicas y se consignaron 2.181 intervenciones quirúrgicas realizadas entre el 19 de enero y el 31 de diciembre de 1977. Se dividen los procedimientos quirúrgicos en cirugías uterinas (603), cirugías de anexos (400), cirugías practicadas por vía vaginal (900) y cirugías para tratar displasias cervicales y tumores malignos del aparato genital (234). Se revisan las estancias pre y post-operatorias. el uso de transfusiones, sondas vesicales. antibióticos y la morbi-mortalidad. Para terminar se dan recomendaciones.
Utilización de la jeringa de Karman en ginecología
Authors: Villareal Mejía Jorge , Forero de Calderon Rosalina 
Published: June 2020

La combinación de una cánula flexible de plástico transparente con una jeringa de succión, también de plástico, constituye lo que generalmente se conoce hoy en todo el mundo como la jeringa de Karman, que en Colombia no ha tenido aun la difusión y el conocimiento que su gran utilidad merece por parte de los especialistas en el campo de la obstetricia y la ginecología. La introducción, hace poco más de una década, de un sencillo sistema de succión endouterina en el instrumental del ginecólogo, representa un avance que merece destacarse. Este trabajo pretende dar a conocer en forma amplia este novedoso, simple y útil sistema de succión, de gran valor como ayuda diagnóstica y terapéutica para el ginecólogo moderno, por medio de la presentación de las características del equipo, la técnica y los hallazgos en 236 casos en los cuales fue utilizado, con particular eficacia, en la UNIDAD DE ORIENTACION. Y ASISTENCIA MATERNA de Bogotá.
Relaciones de la dopamina, prolactina y bromocriptina en oligo-amenorrea-galactorrea, asociada con hiperprolactinemia
Authors: Del Corral Femando , Botero Tejada Augusto , Salcedo J. Carlos Alberto 
Published: June 2020

Se presenta un estudio llevado a cabo con cuarenta pacientes que padecían de Oligo y/o amenorrea. A todas se les practicó examen clínico completo radiológico (silla turca) y hormonal (FSH,LH y Prolactina). Diez casos presentaban oligo-amenorrea anovulatoria y treinta amenorrea por un periodo mayor de noventa días. La galactorrea concomitante se valoró de acuerdo con su intensidad siguiendo el criterio de Tolis y col. Se les administró a las pacientes una dosis baja y contínua de 1.25 a 2.5 mg de alfa-bromo-argocriptina (Parlo- del .R.) sin exceder de los 5 mgrs en una sola toma y administrada en la noche a una misma hora, por más de diez días consecutivos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron los siguientes: Control de galactorrea en un 65% de los casos que anteriomente la presentaban. Los niveles de Prolactina pasaron de hiperprolactinemia severa en 21 casos (63.7%) antes de la medicación a niveles inferiores a los normales en 24 pacientes después de la medicación y en uno solamente los niveles persistieron altos (más de 50 ng/ml). Observose además, que en pacientes con hiperprolactinemia los niveles de FSH y LH se encontraban bajos. En cuanto a la oligo-amenorrea la mayor parte de las pacientes (70%) regularizaron o reanudaron sangrados menstruales, incluyendo aquellas con amenorrea de larga data, en las cuales sin embargo persistieron ciclos anovulatorios.
Determinación del incremento de la densidad óptica a 450nm por fórmula matemática
Authors: Pacheco Consuegra Carlos 
Published: June 2020

Se realiza la deducción de una fórmula matemática para lograr encontrar el incremento que sufre la densidad óptica a 450nm en el estudio de los niveles de bilirrubinas en el líquido amniótico.Se utilizó un método geométrico sencillo para dicha deducción obteniendo una fórmula exponencial de fácil utilización con el uso de calculadoras sencillas que proliferan en el mercado y se hace claridad en la interpretación de valores negativos obtenidos en algunos casos por este método.
Nuevas técnicas de docencia
Authors: Aparicio laserna Arturo 
Published: June 2020

Firmemente convencido de los acelerados adelantos de la ciencia médica, del desarrollo constante de nuevas teorías y de la evolución permanente de las técnicas quirúrgicas, el médico en general y en especial el recién egresado, deben buscar en las revistas de información médica la manera de actualizar sus conocimientos.
Resúmenes de literatura nacional
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana 
Published: June 2020

Manejo hospitalario del aborto incompleto estudio comparativo del "curetaje" uterino versus la aspiracion por vacio Gloria Higuera, Germán Riaño Gamboa, Marco Aurelio Hernández y Guillermo LópezNomograma de la dilatacion cervical durante el parto Alvaro Velasco, Fabio Reyes, Arturo Franco y Carlos Velasco Estudios de la personalidad en un grupo de pacientes de alto riesgo obstetrico Patricia de Kausel y Alfonso Jubiz "85 casos de esterilidad - análisis de su manejo y tratamiento" Luis Felipe Milanés, Luis Antonio Ianini y Jaime Pedraza "Progesterona plasmática en la consulta de esterilidad" William Onatra y Carlos Tafurt
Causas del retardo en el crecimiento fetal intrauterino.
Authors: Pupkins Marcos 
Published: June 2020

Posiblemente ésta ha sido la cáusa para que muchos médicos dejen de reconocer problemas muy especiales ligados a la dismaturidad presente en cualquier periodo del embarazo. La Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Academia Americana de Pediatría, han aprobado el término "niño de peso bajo al nacer" refiriéndose al juzgamiento clínico e histórico de madurez fetal.
Enfermedad troflobastica estudio de 30 casos
Authors: Isaza Sánchez Guillermo 
Published: June 2020

Se estudian 30 casos de enfermedad trofoblástica que se presentaron en un lapso de ocho años en el departamento de obstetricia y ginecología del Hospital Universitario "Lorencita Villegas de Santos" de Bogotá.La clasificación anatomopatológica adoptada siguió los criterios de Herting y Mansell. Veinte casos correspondieron a Mola Grado I; 8 al Grado II; 1 al Grado III y 1 caso de Coriocarcinoma. La frecuencia observada es la más baja en el país con un 1 x 948 casos en molas y 1 x 27.499 en coriocarcinoma. La edad de las pacientes fue entre 21 y 30 años. La mayoría de casos fue hallada en primigestantes. La hemorragia fue el signo que se presentó con mayor frecuencia. La toxemia se observó en 6 casos. El signo de desproporción entre la edad de embarazo y la altura uterina fue paradojal (40%). La conducta en la mayoría de los casos (73%) fue el legrado uterino con raspado diagnóstico a los ocho días siguientes. Como tratamiento complementario se usó el metrotexate en 7 casos. Veinticuatro casos fueron seguidos por más de un año; entre ellos nueve embarazos (uno el caso de coriocarcinoma) y un aborto espontáneo fueron atendidos en el Servicio. No se presentaron casos de malignización en molas, ni muertes en pacientes que sufrieran la enfermedad trofoblástica.
Receptores de estrógeno y de progesterona en el tratamiento del cáncer mamario
Authors: Pinilla Galvis Elmer 
Published: June 2020

Se hace una revisión de conjunto sobre receptores de estrógenos y de progesterona en el tratamiento del cáncer mamario. Se hace una explicación sobre la naturaleza de las células que actuan como "blancos" de acción hormonal; sobre la cantidad de estrógenos que pude unirse a una proteína receptora; la forma como actuan tales uniones; los diferentes receptores para diferentes hormonas con la misma célula los diferentes receptores para igual hormona en la misma célula variaciones de niveles del receptor; calificación de positivdad o negatividad. Igualmente se plantea el caso de los receptores de progesterona y se hace un enfoque práctico sobre tratamiento del cáncer mamario en función del estudio de dichos receptores hormonales.
Zmagania Europy Środkowej z pamięcią a koncepcje przyzwoitego społeczeństwa i etyki pamięci Avishaia Margalita
Authors: Cyuńczyk Filip 
Published: June 2020

Głównym zadaniem niniejszego tekstu jest identyfikacja i prezentacja potencjału kategorii filozoficznych Margalita dla środkowoeuropejskich badań nad rolą społecznych pamięci zbiorowych, a także w celu określenia znaczenia tych pamięci w procesach konstytuowania wspólnot politycznych po 1989 roku. Zarówno „przyzwoite społeczeństwo”, jak i „etyka pamięci” mogą stanowić wartość dodaną dotychczasowych rozważań na ten temat. Dlatego też zostaną one zestawione ze
stanem badań nad prawną petryfikacją społecznych pamięci zbiorowych przez poszczególne środkowoeuropejskie czynniki polityczne. Podjęcie tych zagadnień pozwoli zidentyfikować obszary, które mogłyby zostać wzbogacone przez filozofię Margalita.
Modern Features of Hepatitis a Epidemic Process in Large City of European Russia
Authors: Zalesskikh A. A. , Bystrova Т. N. , Polyanina A. V. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the studywas to characterize modern features of hepatitis A epidemic process in large city of European Russia and optimization of epidemic surveillance of the infection.Materials and methods. Hepatitis A incidence data were analyzed in long-term period 1968–2017. Etiologic structure of acute viral hepatitis was identified by both incidence data and extended set of viral hepatitis markers in patients with jaundice (n = 144). Anti-HAV prevalence rate was studied in population of N. Novgorod by immuno-enzyme method in 2014 and 2017 (n = 1728, age: 1–60 years old).Results and discussion. Share of hepatitis A in etiology of acute viral hepatitis did not significantly change in 2007–2017, if compared to 1994–2006 (50,8 ± 9,2% and 56,1 ± 13,3% respectively, р > 0,05), but it varies greatly depending on the phase of epidemic process of the infection. Modern period is characterized by 9 times reduction of the incidence rate and extension of epidemic cycle up to 10 years. Age structure of morbidity in modern conditions is defined by age groups of children 3–14 years old. Seasonal variability of the incidence rate was reduced in non-epidemic phase of epidemic process and in age group of adults. Anti-HAV antibodies were detected in 30,9 ± 1,9% of the city population in 2014, and this rate was even lower in 2017 (24,8 ± 1,6%). This data indicates that non-epidemic phase seroprevalence in modern conditions has decreased when compared to former period (from 51,5 ± 1,9% in 1998, p < 0,001). These changes primarily affect group of adults 30–59 years old.Conclusion. Presented characteristics of hepatitis A epidemic process play crucial role in the risk assessment of hepatitis A in modern period and must be implemented as first step in optimization of epidemic surveillance of hepatitis A.