bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Age and Life-expectancy on Treatment Receipt in High-risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Fei Kezhen , Lin Jenny J. , Supoyo Stephen , Franco Rebeca , Abramson Sarah , Hoke Gerald , Oh William , Stock Richard , Bickell Nina A. 
Published: November 2019

Background/Objectives: The incidence of Prostate cancer is increasing with age and active treatment of high-risk prostate cancer improves survival. However, it is uncertain how the age as contrasted with life expectancy impact treatment decision-making for men with clinically significant prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to determine whether age or life expectancy affected the treatment receipt.
Participants: 541 men with high-risk localized prostate cancer (Gleason ≥ 8 or PSA > 20) diagnosed between 2007 and 2013 were recruited to the study.
Measurements: Outcome variables included treatment underuse and type of definitive therapies such as radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy and cryotherapy. Life expectancy was assessed according to Schonberg Prognostic Index.
Results: Among the 541 high-risk prostate cancer patients, older men (≥65 years) received definitive therapy at similar rates as younger men (97% vs 98%; p=0.2), while younger men were more likely to accept surgery compared with older men (95% vs. 72%, p<0.001). Age affected treatment choice depending on the patient's life expectancy. Among men with higher life expectancy, age did not affect surgery receipt (OR=0.62; 95%CI: 0.18-2.20). But among men with lower life expectancy, older age (OR=0.15; 95%CI: 0.06-0.38), black race (OR=0.27; 95%CI: 0.10-0.77), comorbidity (OR=0.31; 95%CI: 0.13-0.76) and non-commercial insurance (OR=0.12, 95%CI: 0.05-0.28) were associated with lower rate of surgical receipt.
Conclusion: Although most high-risk prostate cancer patients undergo definitive therapy, both age and life expectancy affected the type of treatment. Clinical decisions appear to be based on patients’ medical condition and long-term outlook, rather than simply age. Non-clinical factors such as race and insurance play a role in treatment decision-making.
Distal Humeral Shear Fracture - A Modified Technique for Exposure
Authors: Raviraj A. , Mallepati Vidyasagar , Sugumar K. Abhishek , N. Savsani Vivek Kumar , Prabhu Ajith N. , Anand Ashish 
Published: November 2019

Coronal shear fractures of the distal humerus are rare, complex fractures that can be technically challenging even in the best of hands. Their peak incidence is seen in elderly females and is usually the result of low energy fall. The injury is usually part of complex elbow injury and in rare instances can be isolated entity. Complex injury pattern is characterized by shear fracture combined with fracture of radial head and collateral ligament injury. The preferred treatment for this complex fracture is Open reduction and internal fixation. The usual recommendation is a two-incision approach.
We report a rare case in which fracture could not be classified using the traditional classification systems and in which entire fracture was managed via a single approach.
A suggested method for setting up GSI profiles on the GE Revolution CT scanner
Authors: Gauntt David M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract“GSI Assist” is the automatic exposure control (AEC) system for dual‐energy acquisitions on the GE Revolution CT scanner. This paper describes the user options of GSI Assist, and describes the method developed at UAB Medical Center to simplify the use of GSI Assist without adversely affecting the AEC Operation.
Ultraeffective Cancer Therapy with an Antimonene‐Based X‐Ray Radiosensitizer
Authors: Duo Yanhong , Huang Yanyu , Liang Weiyuan , Yuan Riming , Li Yang , Chen Tianfeng , Zhang Han 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNanoparticulate chemotherapeutics hold great potential for inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and exerting antihypoxic effects for efficient cancer radiotherapy. However, previous strategies for designing smart radiosensitizers necessitate the multistep incorporation of nanomaterials to achieve valuable radiosensitive outcomes, which causes unpredictable safety issues including poor decomposition and undefined biotransformations. Ultrathin antimonene nanoparticles (AMNPs) are demonstrated as new radiosensitizers that achieve an efficient radiochemotherapeutic effect through the induction of a strong oxidative stress response and their significantly high radiotoxicity in vivo. Analyzing the irradiation process of AMNPs indicates that irradiation accelerates photoelectron generation and the valence transition to toxic Sb2O3, leading to cancer cell apoptosis and S‐phase arrest. The tumor regression activity and concealed biotoxicity of the AMNPs in a melanoma mouse model enhance the applicability of antimonene to overcoming radioresistance by increasing ROS generation and normoxia. This new technology can extend the applications of antimonene as an effective radiosensitizer and can promote its clinical translation for tunable and effective radiosensitization in the future.
Covalent Functionalization of PMMA Surface with L‐3,4‐Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L‐DOPA) to Enhance its Biocompatibility and Adhesion to Corneal Tissue
Authors: Sharifi Roholah , Mahmoudzadeh Soudabe , Islam Mohammad Mirazul , Koza Darrell , Dohlman Claes H. , Chodosh James , Gonzalez‐Andrades Miguel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Boston keratoprosthesis (B‐KPro) is globally the most commonly implanted artificial cornea for patients with severe corneal diseases, particularly those with multiple allograft failures. Despite providing a good visual recovery, the poor adhesion between the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)‐made stem and the donor tissue poses a challenge, impacting the clinical outcome of the B‐KPro. Using single‐molecule covalent bonding, PMMA surface is functionalized with l‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (l‐DOPA) and its chemical, optical, mechanical, and biological properties are studied. The functionalization process significantly improves biocompatibility of PMMA, without affecting its optical and mechanical properties. Human corneal fibroblasts (HCF) and human corneal epithelial cells (HCEp) seeded on l‐DOPA surface both exhibit greater confluency and metabolic rate compared to those of PMMA during 7‐day cell culture. Moreover, HCF cultured on l‐DOPA demonstrates a higher expression of ALDH3A1, Ki67, Integrin 1, and FAK with no expression of α‐SMA, compared to those of PMMA, which instead show greater expression of α‐SMA. These suggest that l‐DOPA surface fosters cellular adhesion, proliferation, and migration, without adversely impacting the phenotype of the cells. This study offers an inexpensive and efficient tactic to modify the surface of materials with l‐DOPA to achieve the optimal biocompatibility and biointegration of medical devices.
Escape the Trauma Room
Authors: Podlog Mikhail , Husain Abbas , Greenstein Josh , Sanghvi Snaha 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTraditional conference didactics may not be effectively meeting the learning needs of today's emergency medicine (EM) residents, and educators are employing various interactive approaches to engage learners. Escape Room is a popular adventure game in which participants must work together to solve a series of puzzles to escape a locked room. Our aim was to adapt this game design to teach core EM content and procedural aptitude. Upon entering the “locked” room residents were faced with a series of puzzles involving concepts such as toxicology antidotes, ventilator management, echocardiogram interpretations, airway foreign body removal, arterial line transducer setup, and using a cast cutter. Using teamwork and limited clues learners had to work together to “escape” the room. Afterward, a didactic summary was given to enhance knowledge retention. The Escape Room construct was successfully adopted as an engaging model to teach EM core content and procedure skills while simultaneously fostering team building. Feedback received was overwhelmingly positive. This unique alternative educational activity can be easily implemented at any EM residency program as an effective alternative educational tool
Hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing office‐based sinus procedures under local anesthesia
Authors: Chang Michael T. , Jitaroon Kawinyarat , Nguyen Teresa , Yan Carol H. , Overdevest Jonathan B. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Hwang Peter H. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe objective of this study is to characterize changes in hemodynamics, pain, and anxiety during office‐based endoscopic sinus procedures performed under local anesthesia.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study of adults undergoing in‐office endoscopic sinus procedures under local anesthesia. Patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Classification System class 1 or 2 were included. Anesthesia was administered by topical 4% lidocaine/oxymetazoline and submucosal injection of 1% lidocaine/1:200,000 epinephrine. Vital signs and pain were measured at baseline, postinjection, and 5‐minute intervals throughout the procedure. Anxiety levels were scored using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify factors significantly associated with changes in each hemodynamic metric.ResultsTwenty‐five patients were studied. This cohort was 52% male, mean age of 57.8 ± 14.4 years, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) median of 2. Mean procedure duration was 25.0 ± 10.3 minutes. Mean maximal increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 24.6 ± 17.8 mmHg from baseline. Mean maximal heart rate increase was 22.8 ± 10.8 beats per minute (bpm) from baseline. In multivariate regression analysis, when accounting for patient age, cardiac comorbidity, CCI, and ASA, older age was significantly associated with an increase of >20 mmHg in SBP (p = 0.043). Mean pain score during procedures was 1.5 ± 1.3 with a mean maximum of 4.0 ± 2.6. STAI anxiety scores did not change significantly from preprocedure to postprocedure (32.8 ± 11.6 to 31.0 ± 12.6, p = 0.46). No medical complications occurred.ConclusionAlthough patients appear to tolerate office procedures well, providers should recognize the potential for significant fluctuations in blood pressure during the procedure, especially in older patients.
Direct Imaging of Atomically Dispersed Molybdenum that Enables Location of Aluminum in the Framework of Zeolite ZSM‐5
Authors: Liu Lingmei , Wang Ning , Zhu Chongzhi , Liu Xiaona , Zhu Yihan , Guo Peng , Alfilfil Lujain , Dong Xinglong , Zhang Daliang , Han Yu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntegrated differential phase‐contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (iDPC‐STEM) is capable of directly probing guest molecules in zeolites, owing to its sufficient and interpretable image contrast for both heavy and light elements under low‐dose conditions. This unique ability is demonstrated by imaging volatile organic compounds adsorbed in zeolite Silicalite‐1; iDPC‐STEM was then used to investigate molybdenum supported on various zeolites including Silicalite‐1, ZSM‐5, and mordenite. Isolated single‐Mo clusters were observed in the micropores of ZSM‐5, demonstrating the crucial role of framework Al in driving Mo atomically dispersed into the micropores. Importantly, the specific one‐to‐one Mo‐Al interaction makes it possible to locate Al atoms, that is, catalytic active sites, in the ZSM‐5 framework from the images, according to the positions of Mo atoms in the micropores.
Study of Electromagnetic Properties of Fabricated NiFe2O4/Polyurethane Nanocomposites
Authors: Agarwal Kavita , Prasad Mahender , Katiyar Mohit , Jaiswal Rimpa , Kumar Subodh , Prasad N Eswara 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTNickel ferrite loaded (NiFe2O4) segmented polyurethane (SPU) nanocomposites prepared by melt mixing method using microcompounder at temperature 185 °C in recirculation mode to ensure proper dispersion and distribution of nanoparticles at optimized residency time of 5 min. Three different weight percentages of nanocomposites (3, 5, and 10 wt %) was prepared and studied the electromagnetic property of nanocomposites obtained from complex permittivity and permeability. The effect of nanofiller (NiFe2O4) has been studied to assess their thermal properties using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermomechanical analysis. The nanocomposites (NiFe2O4/SPU) have further been studied using FE‐SEM, and the micrographs show embedded NiFe2O4 filler uniformly dispersed in SPU matrix without agglomeration (size 20–40 nm). It is also evident that further loading of nanofiller resulted in saturation effect yielding no applicable change in thermal behavior and revealed lesser melting enthalpy due to the coalescence of the nanofillers. X‐ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometer also support the formation of the nanocomposite. The electric and magnetic properties of NiFe2O4 incorporated nanocomposite (NiFe2O4/SPU) may have potential application in microwave absorption. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48645.
Shape memory and self‐healing behavior of styrene–butadiene–styrene/ethylene‐methacrylic acid copolymer (SBS/EMAA) elastomers containing ionic interactions
Authors: Wu Wenjing , Zhou Yutao , Li Jie , Wan Chaoying 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIonic interactions were introduced to styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) through blending with ethylene‐methacrylic acid copolymer (EMAA) and zinc oxide (ZnO), and a following in situ neutralization reaction between the carboxyl groups of EMAA and ZnO. The resultant SBS/EMAA (60/40 wt %) blends containing zinc carboxylate crosslinks exhibited high modulus and strong long‐time relaxation characteristics. With 74% of the carboxyl groups neutralized (zinc cation fraction of 1.7 wt %), the tensile strength of the blends was increased from 14.6 to 16.6 MPa, and the stress at 100% extension was increased from 4.8 to 8.1 MPa. The melting temperature of EMAA was utilized to trigger the shape memory behavior of SBS/EMAA, and the reversible ionic bonds endowed SBS with better shape memory and self‐healing performance. The shape‐fixing ratio and recovery ratio of SBS were increased from 90.2 and 56.5% up to 93.3 and 84.2%, respectively. When the cut surfaces of SBS/EMAA/Zn samples were brought back into contact and annealed at 100 °C for 1 h, the strength and the elongation at break were recovered by 36 and 21%, respectively. This introduction of ionic interactions through the EMAA‐ZnO neutralization reactions imparts new functions to SBS thermoplastic elastomers. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48666.
5‐Benzylidene‐4‐Oxazolidinones Are Synergistic with Antibiotics for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms
Authors: Frohock Bram H. , Gilbertie Jessica M. , Daiker Jennifer C. , Schnabel Lauren V. , Pierce Joshua G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe failure of frontline antibiotics in the clinic is one of the most serious threats to human health and requires a multitude of novel therapeutics and innovative approaches to treatment so as to curtail the growing crisis. In addition to traditional resistance mechanisms resulting in the lack of efficacy of many antibiotics, most chronic and recurring infections are further made tolerant to antibiotic action by the presence of biofilms. Herein, we report an expanded set of 5‐benzylidene‐4‐oxazolidinones that are able to inhibit the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms, disperse preformed biofilms, and, in combination with common antibiotics, are able to significantly reduce the bacterial load in a robust collagen‐matrix model of biofilm infection.
Indigo Formation and Rapid NADPH Consumption Provide Robust Prediction of Raspberry Ketone Synthesis by Engineered Cytochrome P450 BM3
Authors: Rousseau Olivier , Ebert Maximilian C. C. J. C. , Quaglia Daniela , Fendri Ali , Parisien Adem H. , Besna Jonathan N. , Iyathurai Saathanan , Pelletier Joelle N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNatural raspberry ketone has a high value in the flavor, fragrance and pharmaceutical industries. Its extraction is costly, justifying the search for biosynthetic routes. We hypothesized that cytochrome P450 BM3 (P450 BM3) could be engineered to catalyze the hydroxylation of 4‐phenyl‐2‐butanone, a naturally sourceable precursor, to raspberry ketone. The synthesis of indigo by variants of P450 BM3 has previously served as a predictor of promiscuous oxidation reactions. To this end, we screened 53 active‐site variants of P450 BM3 using orthogonal high‐throughput workflows to identify the most streamlined route to all indigo‐forming variants. Among the three known and 13 new indigo‐forming variants, eight hydroxylated 4‐phenyl‐2‐butanone to raspberry ketone. Previously unreported variant A82Q displayed the highest initial rates and coupling efficiencies in synthesis of indigo and of raspberry ketone. It produced the highest total concentration of raspberry ketone despite producing less total indigo than previously reported variants. Its productivity, although modest, clearly demonstrates the potential for development of a biocatalytic route to raspberry ketone. In addition to validating indigo as a robust predictor of this promiscuous activity, we demonstrate that monitoring rapid NADPH consumption serves as an alternative predictor of a promiscuous reactivity in P450 BM3.
Microstructure and thermoelectric performance of La‐doped (Ca0.9Ag0.1)3Co4O9/nano‐sized Ag composite ceramics
Authors: Shi Zongmo , Zhang Yi , Zhang Ruizhi , Lou Zhihao , Qin Mengjie , Zhang Ping , Xu Jie , Gao Feng , Yan Haixue 
Published: November 2019

Abstract(Ca0.9‐xAg0.1Lax)3Co4O9/nano‐sized Ag thermoelectric composite ceramics were fabricated by solid‐state reaction method. The influences of La3+ dopants on the microstructure, band gaps, and thermoelectric properties were investigated. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy fitting results showed that the reduction of oxygen vacancy and the increment of trivalent cobalt concentration could significantly improve thermoelectric performance. With the increasing of La3+ dopants level, the band gaps of samples enlarged. Electrical resistivity decreased from 21.3 to 17.2 mΩ·cm, while Seebeck coefficient increased from 113.3 to 182.3 μV/K. Furthermore, the peak ZT value of 0.18 was obtained at 1073 K for the x = 0.03 sample, resulting from the lower thermal conductivity of 1.05 W/(m·K). The obtained results suggest that the La3+ substitution, oxygen vacancy, and Ag inclusions can dramatically improve the thermoelectric performance of Ca3Co4O9 composites.
Systematic Control of Structural and Photophysical Properties of π‐Extended Mono‐ and Bis‐BODIPY Derivatives
Authors: Ito Hiroaki , Sakai Hayato , Suzuki Yasutaka , Kawamata Jun , Hasobe Taku 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA series of π‐extended mono‐ and bis‐BODIPY (BODIPY=boron‐dipyrromethene) derivatives, namely, benzo[a]phenanthrene‐fused BODIPY (Phena‐Mono‐BDP), benzo[a]anthracene‐fused BODIPY (Ant‐Mono‐BDP), and dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA)‐bridged bis‐BODIPY (Ant‐Bis‐BDP), were designed and synthesized to examine their structural, electrochemical, and photophysical properties. Single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic analyses demonstrated the planar configuration of Ant‐Mono‐BDP, in contrast to that of nonplanar Phena‐Mono‐BDP, whereas Ant‐Bis‐BDP has a DBA‐centered planar configuration and two terminal nonplanar units of BODIPYs. The oxidation and reduction potentials agree with the estimated energies obtained through DFT calculations. The localized HOMO and LUMO states suggested the intramolecular charge‐transfer characteristics in these BODIPY derivatives. The absorption spectra of these compounds extended up to the near‐IR region. Strong redshifted trends of fluorescence spectra were observed in Ant‐Bis‐BDP with increasing solvent polarity, as supported by the differences in dipole moments estimated from Lippert–Mataga plots. To evaluate the excited‐state dynamics of these molecules, the fluorescence quantum yield (ΦFL) of Ant‐Bis‐BDP dramatically increased in the range from 0.05 to 0.86, with decreasing solvent polarity. Finally, the efficient two‐photon absorption cross section of Ant‐Bis‐BDP (ca. 1200 GM at λ=1000 nm) was also obtained by considering the large π‐extended structure (acceptor–donor–acceptor type).
Interfacial Engineering FeOOH/CoO Nanoneedle Array for Efficient Overall Water Splitting Driven by Solar Energy
Authors: Qiu Chunyu , He Suqi , Wang Yuan , Wang Qingxiang , Zhao Chuan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInterface engineering has been applied as an effective strategy to boost the electrocatalytic performance because of the strong coupling and synergistic effects between individual components. Here, we engineered vertically aligned FeOOH/CoO nanoneedle array with a synergistic interface between FeOOH and CoO on Ni foam (NF) by a simple impregnation method. The synthesized FeOOH/CoO exhibits outstanding electrocatalytic activity and stability for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline medium. For the overall water splitting, the bifunctional FeOOH/CoO nanoneedle catalyst requires only a cell voltage of 1.58 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2, which is much lower than that required for IrO2//Pt/C (1.68 V). The FeOOH/CoO catalyst has been successfully applied for solar cell‐driven water electrolysis, revealing its great potential for commercial hydrogen production and solar energy storage.
π‐Extended Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons by Sustainable Alkyne Annulations through Double C−H/N−H Activation
Authors: Gońka Elżbieta , Yang Long , Steinbock Ralf , Pesciaioli Fabio , Kuniyil Rositha , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe widespread applications of substituted diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) call for the development of efficient methods for their modular assembly. Herein, we present a π‐expansion strategy for polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by C−H activation in a sustainable fashion. Thus, twofold C−H/N‐H activations were accomplished by versatile ruthenium(II)carboxylate catalysis, providing step‐economical access to diversely decorated fluorogenic DPPs that was merged with late‐stage palladium‐catalyzed C−H arylation on the thus‐assembled DPP motif.