bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation between wild and artificial cultivated Stephaniae tetrandrae radix using chromatographic and flow‐injection mass spectrometric fingerprints with the aid of principal component analysis
Authors: Qin Ya‐dong , Fang Feng‐man , Wang Rong‐bin , Zhou Juan‐juan , Li Lin‐hua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHigh‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and flow‐injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprinting profiles were used to differentiate between wild and artificial cultivated Stephaniae tetrandrae Radix samples. HPLC and FIMS fingerprints of 15 wild S. tetrandrae Radix samples and 12 artificial cultivated S. tetrandrae Radix samples were obtained and analyzed with the aid of principal component analysis (PCA). PCA of the fingerprints showed that the chemical differences between wild and artificial cultivated S. tetrandrae Radix samples could be differentiated by either HPLC or FIMS fingerprints. The HPLC fingerprints provided more chemical information but required longer analytical time compared with FIMS fingerprints. This study indicated that the wild samples contained higher concentrations of almost all of the major compounds than the cultivated samples. Three characteristic compounds which were responsible for the differences between the samples were tentatively identified with the aid of MS data. Furthermore, these three compounds, tetrandrine (TET), fangchinoline (FAN), and cyclanoline (CYC), were quantified. The HPLC and FIMS fingerprints combined with PCA could be used for quality assessment of wild and artificial cultivated S. tetrandrae Radix samples.
Metabolite analysis of wheat dough fermentation incorporated with buckwheat
Authors: Wang Binchen , Xiao Lin , Chai Duo , Jiang Yumeng , Wang Meiting , Xu Xianbing , Li Chongwei , Dong Liang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDough fermentation represents an important developmental stage in the manufacturing process. In this study, volatile and nonvolatile metabolite analysis were carried out to investigate time‐dependent metabolic changes in the course of wheat dough fermentation incorporated with buckwheat based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 70 nonvolatile metabolites were identified, covering a broad spectrum of polar (e.g., amino acids, sugars, sugar alcohols, and acids) and nonpolar (e.g., fatty acid methyl esters, free fatty acids, and sterols) low molecular weight dough constituents. Meanwhile, sixty‐four volatile metabolites comprising aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, organic acids, aromatic compounds, and furans were identified using solid‐phase micro‐extraction combined with GC–MS. Some differences may exist in the volatile composition between fermented and unfermented dough. Statistical assessment of the nonvolatile data via principal component analysis demonstrated that the metabolic changes during the mixed dough fermentation are reflected by time‐dependent shifts of polar nonvolatile metabolites. And some potential nutritional markers, such as amino acids and sugars, could be developed to optimize and control the industrial dough fermentation incorporated with buckwheat.
Lipoprotein receptor loss in forebrain radial glia results in neurological deficits and severe seizures
Authors: Bres Ewa E. , Safina Dina , Müller Julia , Bedner Peter , Yang Honghong , Helluy Xavier , Shchyglo Olena , Jansen Stephan , Mark Melanie D. , Esser Alexander , Steinhäuser Christian , Herlitze Stefan , Pietrzik Claus U. , Sirko Swetlana , Manahan‐Vaughan Denise , Faissner Andreas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Alzheimer disease‐associated multifunctional low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein‐1 is expressed in the brain. Recent studies uncovered a role of this receptor for the appropriate functioning of neural stem cells, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. The constitutive knock‐out (KO) of the receptor is embryonically lethal. To unravel the receptors' role in the developing brain we generated a mouse mutant by specifically targeting radial glia stem cells of the dorsal telencephalon. The low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein‐1 lineage‐restricted KO female and male mice, in contrast to available models, developed a severe neurological phenotype with generalized seizures during early postnatal development. The mechanism leading to a buildup of hyperexcitability and emergence of seizures was traced to a failure in adequate astrocyte development and deteriorated postsynaptic density integrity. The detected impairments in the astrocytic lineage: precocious maturation, reactive gliosis, abolished tissue plasminogen activator uptake, and loss of functionality emphasize the importance of this glial cell type for synaptic signaling in the developing brain. Together, the obtained results highlight the relevance of astrocytic low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein‐1 for glutamatergic signaling in the context of neuron–glia interactions and stage this receptor as a contributing factor for epilepsy.
Pathology protocol increases lymph node yield in neck dissection for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Holcomb Andrew J. , Perryman Mollie , Goodwin Sara , Penn Joseph , Villwock Mark R. , Bur Andrés M. , Shnayder Yelizaveta , Tsue Terance T. , Woodroof Janet , Kakarala Kiran 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundLymph node yield (LNY) is a proposed quality indicator in neck dissection for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).MethodsRetrospective series including 190 patients with OCSCC undergoing neck dissection between 2016 and 2018. A change in pathologic grossing protocol was initiated during the study period to assess residual adipose tissue. A generalized linear model was used to assess the impact of multiple variables on LNY.ResultsMean LNY was 28.59 (SD = 17.65). The protocol identified a mean of 10.32 lymph nodes per case. Multivariable analysis identified associations between LNY and use of the pathology protocol (P = .02), number of dissected lymph node levels (P < .001), presence of pathologic lymph nodes (P = .002), body mass index (P = .02), prior neck surgery (P = .001), and prior neck radiation (P = .001).ConclusionsAssessment of residual adipose tissue within neck dissection specimens improves accuracy of LNY. LNY in neck dissection is influenced by multiple factors including methods of pathologic assessment.
Adherence to a Western dietary pattern and risk of bladder cancer: A pooled analysis of 13 cohort studies of the Bladder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants international study
Authors: Dianatinasab Mostafa , Wesselius Anke , Salehi‐Abargouei Amin , Yu Evan Y. W. , Brinkman Maree , Fararouei Mohammad , van den Brandt Piet , White Emily , Weiderpass Elisabete , Le Calvez‐Kelm Florence , Gunter Marc , Huybrechts Inge , Liedberg Fredrik , Skeie Guri , Tjonneland Anne , Riboli Elio , Giles Graham G. , Milne Roger L. , Zeegers Maurice P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the association of diet with risk of bladder cancer. This might be due to the fact that the majority of studies have focused on single food items, rather than dietary patterns, which may better capture any influence of diet on bladder cancer risk. We aimed to investigate the association between a measure of Western dietary pattern and bladder cancer risk. Associations between adherence to a Western dietary pattern and risk of developing bladder cancer were assessed by pooling data from 13 prospective cohort studies in the “BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants” (BLEND) study and applying Cox regression analysis. Dietary data from 580 768 study participants, including 3401 incident cases, and 577 367 noncases were analyzed. A direct and significant association was observed between higher adherence to a Western dietary pattern and risk of bladder cancer (hazard ratio (HR) comparing highest with lowest tertile scores: 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37, 1.72; P‐trend = .001). This association was observed for men (HR comparing highest with lowest tertile scores: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.51, 1.96; P‐trend = .001), but not women (P‐het = .001). Results were consistent with HR above 1.00 after stratification on cancer subtypes (nonmuscle‐invasive and muscle‐invasive bladder cancer). We found evidence that adherence to a Western dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer for men but not women.
Handling and performance characteristics of a new small caliber radiopaque embolic microsphere
Authors: Lewis Andrew L. , Caine Marcus , Garcia Pedro , Ashrafi Koorosh , Tang Yiqing , Hinchcliffe Lorcan , Guo Wei , Bascal Zainab , Kilpatrick Hugh , Willis Sean L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe in vitro and in vivo handling and performance characteristics of a small caliber radiopaque embolic microsphere, 40–90 μm DC Bead LUMI™ (LUMI40‐90), were studied. Microsphere drug loading and elution and effects on size, suspension, and microcatheter delivery were evaluated using established in vitro methodologies. In vivo evaluations of vascular penetration (rabbit renal artery embolization), long‐term biocompatibility and X‐ray imaging properties, pharmacokinetics and local tissue effects of both doxorubicin (Dox) and irinotecan (Iri) loaded microspheres (swine hepatic artery embolization) were conducted. Compared to 70–150 μm DC Bead LUMI (LUMI70‐150), LUMI40‐90 averaged 70 μm versus 100 μm, which was unchanged upon drug loading. Handling, suspension, and microsphere delivery studies were successfully performed. Dox loading was faster (20 min) and Iri equivalent (<10 min) while drug elution rates were similar. Contrast suspension times were longer with no delivery complications. Vascular penetration was statistically greater (rabbit) with no unexpected adverse safety findings (swine). Microspheres ± drug were visible under X‐ray imaging (CT) at 90 days. Peak plasma drug levels and area under the curve were greater for LUMI40‐90 compared to LUMI70‐150 but comparable to 70–150 μm DC BeadM1™ (DC70‐150). Local tissue effects showed extensive hepatic necrosis for Dox, whereas Iri displayed lower toxicity with more pronounced lobar fibrosis. LUMI40‐90 remains suspended for longer and have greater vessel penetration compared to the other DC Bead LUMI sizes and are similarly highly biocompatible with long‐term visibility under X‐ray imaging. Drug loading is equivalent or faster with pharmacokinetics similar to DC70‐150 for both Dox and Iri.
Prognostic significance of regional lymph node metastasis according to station in ampullary carcinoma
Authors: Tashiro Keita , Kuroki Naomi , Einama Takahiro , Iwasaki Toshimitsu , Miyata Yoichi , Aosasa Suefumi , Inoue Yosuke , Takahashi Yu , Ogata Sho , Ueno Hideki , Hase Kazuo , Yamamoto Junji , Kishi Yoji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis) classification of the 8th Union for International Cancer Control and the 6th Japanese classification of biliary tract cancer were made on the premise that the prognostic effect of each regional lymph node station is similar. However, some studies have reported different effects of lymph node metastasis location on post‐resection prognosis. This study aimed to investigate outcome following radical resection of ampullary carcinoma according to station of lymph node metastasis.MethodsPatients who underwent surgical resection for ampullary carcinoma between January 2007 and December 2017 at two separate Japanese institutions were included. Regional lymph nodes were subclassified as follows: Pancreatoduodenal lymph nodes (PD) and others (OT).ResultsOf the 101 patients analyzed, 34 had regional lymph node metastasis. OT metastasis was found in eight patients. Significant differences were found in relapse‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) between the three study groups (no nodal metastasis, only PD metastasis and OT metastasis; P < .001 for both). OT metastasis was an independent prognostic factor in the multivariate analysis for RFS (hazard ratio [HR] 17.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.33‐43.93) and OS (HR 11.06; 95% CI, 3.7‐32.99).ConclusionThe poor prognosis of ampullary carcinoma patients with OT metastasis suggests that regional lymph nodes should not be categorized equally into one group.
Synthesis of new‐type 1,3,6‐triazocine via intramolecular reactions of iodocyclization and [3+2] azido cycloaddition
Authors: Vaskevych Ruslan I. , Vaskevych Alla I. , Rusanov Eduard B. , Mel'nyk Oksana Ya. , Vovk Mykhailo V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSelective iodocyclization of 6‐(alkenylamino)‐1‐allylpyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidines provided hydrogenated derivatives of 1‐allyl‐8(9)‐iodomethylimidazo(pyrimido)[1,2‐a]pyrazolo[4,3‐e]pyrimidines which were further reacted with NaN3 at 75°С to 80°С to give a series of new‐type 1,3,6‐triazocines annulated with the pyrazole, pyrimidine, imidazole (or pyrimidine), and 1,2,3‐triazole rings. The compounds synthesized were structurally characterized by analytical, spectral (IR, 1H and 13C NMR, HPLC‐mass), and X‐ray diffraction data.
The implications of increased mammographic breast density for breast screening in Jordan
Authors: Al‐Mousa Dana S. , Alakhras Maram , Spuur Kelly M. , Alewaidat Haytham , Abdelrahman Mostafa , Rawashdeh Mohammad , Brennan Patrick C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionMammographic breast density is associated with a four to six times increased risk for breast cancer. Mammographic breast density varies by ethnicity, geographical region and age. The aim of this study was to document for the first time the mammographic breast density of Jordanian women and to explore its relationship with age.MethodsMammograms completed at King Abdullah University Hospital (Irbid, Jordan) between January 2016 and August 2018 were retrospectively reviewed and classified for breast density using the American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging‐Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS). Descriptive analyses and Kurskal–Wallis test were used to examine the association between age and mammographic breast density.ResultsA total of 659 mammograms were reviewed. A significant inverse relationship was observed between age and breast density (P < 0.001). In women aged 40–49 years, 83.2% had dense breasts (ACR BI‐RADS (c) and (d)). This percentage decreased to 59.8% of women aged 50–59 years; 38.4% of women in their 60s and 37.9% of women aged 70 years or older (ACR BI‐RADS (c) only).ConclusionThe mammographic breast density of Jordanian women has been shown to be high across all age groups. Increased mammographic breast density is associated with increased breast cancer risk and renders mammography a less effective technique for the early detection of breast cancer. Breast cancer screening of Jordanian women should be individualised to develop screening protocols and include additional adjunct imaging to best manage women at high risk.
Enteric viruses circulating in undiagnosed central nervous system infections at tertiary hospital in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Rocha Leonardo Cecílio da , Estofolete Cássia Fernanda , Milhim Bruno Henrique Gonçalves de Aguiar , Augusto Marcos Tayar , Zini Nathalia , Silva Gislaine Celestino Dutra da , Ferraz‐Junior Hélio Correa , Brienze Vânia Maria Sabadoto , Liso Elisabete , Cunha Mariana Sequetin , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , da Costa Antonio Charlys , Nogueira Maurício Lacerda , Luchs Adriana , Terzian Ana Carolina Bernardes 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEnterovirus (EV) is commonly associated with central nervous system (CNS) syndromes. Recently, gastroenteric viruses, including rotavirus (RVA), human astrovirus (HAstV), and norovirus (NoV), have also been associated with CNS neurological disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of EV, RVA, HAst, and NoV associated to CNS infections with undiagnosed etiology in Northwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil, and to conduct the molecular characterization of the positive samples detected. A total of 288 cerebrospinal fluid samples collected from July to December 2017 were tested for EV and NoV by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), HAstV by conventional RT‐PCR, and RVA by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Positive‐EV samples were inoculated in cells lines, amplified by RT‐PCR and sequenced. RVA, NoV, and HAstV were not detected. EV infection was detected in 5.5% (16/288), and five samples successful genotyped: echovirus 3 (E3) (1/5), coxsackie virus A6 (CVA6) (1/5), and coxsackie virus B4 (CVB4) (3/5). Meningitis was the main syndrome observed (12/16; 75%). CVA6, CVB4, and E3 were identified associated with aseptic meningitis. Reports of CVA6 associated with aseptic meningitis are rare, E3 had not been previously reported in Brazil, and epidemiological data on CVB4 in the country is virtually unknown. The present investigation illustrates the circulation of diverse EV types in a small regional sample set and in a short period of time, highlighting the importance of an active EV surveillance system in CNS infections. Enhanced understanding of undiagnosed CNS infections will assist in public health and health care planning.
The role of transparency in procurement: Revealed versus concealed scoring rules in sealed bid A + B auctions
Authors: Quiroga Bernardo F. , Moritz Brent B. , Guide V. Daniel R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe investigate the impact of using a clear scoring rule in a sealed bid multi‐dimensional (A+B) procurement auction, as frequently used in government procurement. The central procurement agency in Chile (ChileCompra) asked for help to understand how concealing the scoring rule affected buyers. Using an experiment, we analyze the effect of transparently communicating the scoring rule on bidding outcomes by comparing the buyer's surplus and supplier profits when buyers expressly communicate the weight they place on a nonmonetary (B) attribute, versus when this information is concealed from bidders. In addition, we compare outcomes where the scoring rule is made visible only after the offers are submitted. If the scoring rule is not disclosed, outcomes are poorer for buyers, and sellers see their profits increase.
A brief history of tendon and ligament bioreactors: Impact and future prospects
Authors: Dyment Nathaniel A. , Barrett Jennifer G. , Awad Hani A. , Bautista Catherine A. , Banes Albert J. , Butler David L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBioreactors are powerful tools with the potential to model tissue development and disease in vitro. For nearly four decades, bioreactors have been used to create tendon and ligament tissue‐engineered constructs in order to define basic mechanisms of cell function, extracellular matrix deposition, tissue organization, injury, and tissue remodeling. This review provides a historical perspective of tendon and ligament bioreactors and their contributions to this advancing field. First, we demonstrate the need for bioreactors to improve understanding of tendon and ligament function and dysfunction. Next, we detail the history and evolution of bioreactor development and design from simple stretching of explants to fabrication and stimulation of two‐ and three‐dimensional constructs. Then, we demonstrate how research using tendon and ligament bioreactors has led to pivotal basic science and tissue‐engineering discoveries. Finally, we provide guidance for new basic, applied, and clinical research utilizing these valuable systems, recognizing that fundamental knowledge of cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interactions combined with appropriate mechanical and chemical stimulation of constructs could ultimately lead to functional tendon and ligament repairs in the coming decades.
Spent mushroom compost enhances plant response and phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil
Authors: Asemoloye Michael Dare , Chukwuka Kanayo Stephen , Jonathan Segun Gbolagade 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground: Stimulatory efficacy of spent mushroom compost (SMC) cannot be overemphasized.Aims: In this study, the effect of SMC on phytoremediation and plant's response to heavy metal polluted soil was investigated and suggested for the establishment of feasible soil remediation.Methods: Heavy metal polluted soil (80 kg) was sterilized at 121°C in soil sterilizer for 30 min and repeated four more times to remove microbial interference. Five kg of soil was packed into pots supplemented with SMC of Pleurotus ostreatus at different concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40%, and control (no SMC), and used to grow the test plant (Megathyrsus maximus commonly known as Guinea grass) for 90 d. Effect of SMC treatments on chemical characteristics of the soil was determined through soil analysis before and after the experiment. Plant response to SMC in polluted soils was studied by observing root proliferation, plant growth, and biomass.Results: The results suggest that SMC treatment modified soil chemical characteristics, the germination index (GI), plant growth, and phytoremediation potential. The soil's pH increased from 4.3 in control to 6.8 both in 40 and 30% SMC treatments; also the soil's nutrients, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and GI improved with incremental increase in SMC treatments, while the heavy metal removal was best observed at 40 and 30% treatments. In addition, the bio‐stimulatory effect of SMC was confirmed on guinea grass root proliferation, growth, phytomass and its phytoremediation potentials on heavy metals.Conclusions: The SMC is therefore suggested for soil stimulation to improve plant's growth and phytoremediation.
Principles of assessment and management of urinary tract infections in older adults
Authors: Godbole Gauri P. , Cerruto Nicole , Chavada Ruchir 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDifferentiating between urinary tract infection and asymptomatic bacteriuria can be a challenge in older adults. It can be difficult to identify patients who have atypical symptoms to make a diagnosis of urinary tract infection. In the absence of classic symptoms and positive urine cultures, there is often unnecessary prescription of antibiotic therapy. Asymptomatic bacteriuria can persist in older people and evaluation of other signs and symptoms like abdominal pain and urinary frequency can be difficult in confused or cognitively impaired patients. This review describes the epidemiology and risk factors for urinary tract infection in older adults, the role of urine dipstick testing and urine cultures, the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infection, catheter‐associated and complicated urinary tract infections, and antibiotic prophylaxis for recurrent urinary tract infections.
Antibiotic drug release behavior of poly (vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate hydrogels
Authors: Xie L. , Wei H. , Kou L. , Ren L. , Zhou J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPoly (vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate hydrogels were prepared by freeze‐thaw followed by calcium ion crosslinking. Chloramphenicol release behavior from the poly (vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate hydrogels in mimic conditions of gastrointestinal tract was examined. The effects of composition, number of freeze‐thaw cycles and calcium ion concentration on drug release process were investigated. The results showed that the cumulative release amount of chloramphenicol from the hydrogels (crosslinked through 4 freeze‐thaw cycles and immersed in 2 % calcium chloride solution) decreased from 84.3 % to 72.3 % as sodium alginate content increased from 0 % to 75 %. For the hydrogels containing 50 % sodium alginate and immersed in 2 % calcium chloride solution after the freeze‐thaw cycles, cumulative release amount of chloramphenicol decreased from 83.5 % to 76.6 % as the freeze‐thaw cycles increased from 2 to 6. Cumulative release amount of chloramphenicol from the hydrogels containing 50 % sodium alginate and with 4 freeze‐thaw cycles decreased from 79.8 % to 75.6 % when concentration of calcium chloride solution increased from 1 % to 4 %.