bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of adolescent undernutrition in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Berhe Kidanemaryam , Kidanemariam Abadi , Gebremariam Gebrehiwot , Gebremariam Alem 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn Ethiopia, there are different pocket studies that assessed adolescent undernutrition which came up with inconsistent and inconclusive findings. Therefore, estimating the pooled prevalence and associated factors of the adolescent undernutrition using meta-analysis is crucial in Ethiopia.MethodsA systematic review of eligible articles was conducted using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive searching of the literature was made in Pub Med, Scopus, Google, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library and CINAHL. The quality of the articles included in the review was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for non-randomized studies in meta-analyses. The pooled prevalence and odds ratio of the associated factors with their 95% confidence interval was computed using STATA version 14 software.ResultsTwenty-two studies were included in the meta-analysis with a total of 17,854 adolescents. Using the random-effects model analysis, the pooled prevalence of stunting and underweight was 20.7% (95% CI: 16.08, 25.33) and 27.5% (95% CI: 17.9, 57.14), respectively. Rural residence, having family size≥5, households with an unprotected water source for drinking and food-insecure household were significant associated factors for adolescent stunting. Early adolescent age (10–14 years), family size≥5, food-insecure household, lack of latrine, WHO diet diversity score < 4, mother educational status (with no formal education) were significant associated factors for adolescent underweight.ConclusionAdolescent undernutrition remains one of the most important public health problems in Ethiopia. Almost a quarter of Ethiopian adolescents were affected by stunting and underweight. Large family size, rural residence and unprotected source of drinking water were the associated factors for adolescent stunting. Similarly, large family size, early age of adolescent, lack of latrine, low dietary diversity score, mother illiteracy, and food insecure household were the associated factors for adolescent underweight. It would be good to give high emphasis on adolescent undernutrition and it is important to address the above mentioned associated factors during adolescent nutritional interventions in Ethiopia.
Diet quality is associated with malnutrition and low calf circumference in Canadian long-term care residents
Authors: Carrier Natalie , Villalon Lita , Lengyel Christina , Slaughter Susan E. , Duizer Lisa , Morrison-Koechl Jill , Keller Heather 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Older adults living in long-term care (LTC) are nutritionally vulnerable. The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality of Canadian LTC residents and its association with malnutrition and low calf circumference.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 32 LTC homes across four Canadian provinces. Nutrient adequacy ratios (NARs) were calculated for seventeen nutrients; mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was calculated to describe overall diet quality. Malnutrition risk was assessed with the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and diagnosis of protein/energy malnutrition with the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Calf circumference (CC) was also assessed. Linear and logistic regressions for these outcomes with diet quality as the predictor were conducted adjusting for covariates.

Results
Average MNA-SF score was 10.7 ± 2.5. Residents (43.5%) had mild/moderate to severe malnutrition based on the PG-SGA and 32.6% had a CC of < 31 cm. Mean MAR score was 0.79 ± 0.09 with significant differences between those requiring eating assistance (0.77 ± 0.11) and those that did not require assistance (0.80 ± 0.07) (p < .05). MAR score was significantly associated with malnutrition in fully adjusted models: MNA-SF scores [β = 5.34, 95% Confidence interval (CI) (2.81, 7.85)] and PG-SGA [Odds ratio (OR) = 0.49, 95% CI (0.38, 0.64)]. Those who had better diet quality were more likely to be well nourished or not at risk. Although several individual nutrients were associated with low CC (< 31 cm), there was no association between overall diet quality (MAR) and low CC.

Conclusions
Diet quality is associated with malnutrition and individual nutrients (NARs) with a low CC. In addition to calories and protein, nutrient dense diets that promote adequate micronutrient intake are required in LTC.
The Biomechanics and Applications of Strongman Exercises: a Systematic Review
Authors: Hindle Benjamin R. , Lorimer Anna , Winwood Paul , Keogh Justin W. L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The sport of strongman is becoming increasingly popular, catering for females, lightweight, and Masters competitors, with strongman exercises also being used by strength and conditioning coaches for a range of athletic groups. Thus, a systematic review was conducted to examine researchers’ current understanding of the biomechanics of strongman exercises, with a view to improve strongman athlete performance, provide biomechanical evidence supporting the transferability of strongman exercises to strength and conditioning/rehabilitation programs, and identify gaps in the current knowledge of the biomechanics of strongman exercises.

Methods
A two-level search term strategy was used to search five databases for studies relevant to strongman exercises and biomechanics.

Results
Eleven articles adherent to the inclusion criteria were returned from the search. The studies provided preliminary biomechanical analysis of various strongman exercises including the key biomechanical performance determinants of the farmer’s walk, heavy sled pull, and tire flip. Higher performing athletes in the farmer’s walk and heavy sled pull were characterized by a greater stride length and stride rate and reduced ground contact time, while higher performing athletes in the tire flip were characterized by a reduced second pull phase time when compared with lower performing athletes. Qualitative comparison of carrying/walking, pulling and static lifting strongman, traditional weight training exercises (TWTE), and common everyday activities (CEA), like loaded carriage and resisted sprinting, were discussed to further researchers’ understanding of the determinants of various strongman exercises and their applications to strength and conditioning practice. A lack of basic quantitative biomechanical data of the yoke walk, unilateral load carriage, vehicle pull, atlas stone lift and tire flip, and biomechanical performance determinants of the log lift were identified.

Conclusions
This review has demonstrated the likely applicability and benefit of current and future strongman exercise biomechanics research to strongman athletes and coaches, strength and conditioning coaches considering using strongman exercises in a training program, and tactical operators (e.g., military, army) and other manual labor occupations. Future research may provide a greater understanding of the biomechanical determinants of performance, potential training adaptations, and risks expected when performing and/or incorporating strongman exercises into strength and conditioning or injury rehabilitation programs.
What Goliaths and Davids among Swiss firms tell us about expected returns on Swiss asset markets
Authors: Haab David R. , Nitschka Thomas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMotivated by recent US evidence, we evaluate the predictive power of changes in the weight of large firms in the aggregate stock market (“Goliath vs David” (GVD)) for Swiss stock market returns and bond market returns. Previous research suggests that the asset return dynamics in the US and Switzerland differ markedly. Forecasting Swiss asset returns hence constitutes a challenging “out-of-sample” test for GVD. Over the sample period from January 1999 to December 2017, we find that the Swiss version of GVD exhibits predictive power for Swiss stock and bond market returns even in the presence of global predictors. However, Swiss bond market returns are best predicted by the US term spread.
Outcomes of patients with continuous flow left ventricular assist device undergoing emergency endovascular treatment for atraumatic bleeding
Authors: Bernardinello Valentina , Barbiero Giulio , Battistel Michele , Dengo Caterina , Stramare Roberto , Folino Giulio , Bejko Jonida , Carrozzini Massimiliano , Tarzia Vincenzo , Gerosa Gino , Bottio Tomaso 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionSevere spontaneous bleeding is a significant complication in patients with continuous flow left ventricular assist devices; there is little evidence on endovascular treatment to support its use.Materials and methodsWe observed seven patients (five men, two women, age 43–67 years) with continuous flow left ventricular assist devices on antiaggregant/coagulant therapy, admitted to our hospital for uncorrectable symptomatic anemia; CT-angiography and diagnostic angiography confirmed the presence of atraumatic arterious bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract (six patients), from the intercostal artery and from the bronchial tree (one patient).ResultsAll patients where successfully treated via an endovascular approach with superselective embolization of the involved arterial branches with coils and particles.ConclusionSpontaneous atraumatic bleeding is a frequent complication in patients with continuous flow left ventricular assist devices; endovascular treatment represents a promising alternative to the surgical approach as it is less invasive, easily repeatable and associated to a reduced procedural risk.
Pentraxin-3 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its affection by concomitant chronic hepatitis C infection
Authors: Makhlouf Mohamed , Saleh Shereen , Rushdy Marwa , Abdelhakam Sara , Abd-Elghani Ehab 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Elevated pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is related to liver pathologies such as infections, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and tumors. Aim of this study is to evaluate serum PTX3 levels in NAFLD and its affection by concomitant chronic hepatitis C viral infection (HCV). Seventy subjects were included and divided into 3 groups. Group I included 25 patients with NAFLD. Group II included 25 patients with NAFLD and chronic HCV. Group III included 20 controls. Chronic hepatitis C was diagnosed using quantitative PCR. Plasma pentraxin-3 was measured using ELISA.

Results
Plasma PTX3 was significantly high in group Ι and group ΙΙ, when compared to controls. There was non-significant difference between groups Ι and ΙΙ as regard PTX3 level. Higher PTX3 levels were detected in relation to metabolic syndrome. Cut-off value of PTX3 ≥ 1.8 was the best to predict metabolic syndrome with 91.4% sensitivity, 60.0% specificity, 65.7% PPV, and 56.7% NPV.

Conclusion
Serum PTX level in patients with concomitant NAFLD and HCV infection apparently reflects inflammatory response due to changes in metabolic profile, rather than that caused by infection itself, making PTX possibly useful in identifying those at risk of developing metabolic syndrome.
Heritability of Cortisol Production and Metabolism Throughout Adolescence
Authors: van Keulen Britt J , Dolan Conor V , Andrew Ruth , Walker Brian R , Hulshoff Pol Hilleke E , Boomsma Dorret I , Rotteveel Joost , Finken Martijn J J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Context
Inter-individual differences in cortisol production and metabolism emerge with age and may be explained by genetic factors.

Objective
To estimate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to inter-individual differences in cortisol production and metabolism throughout adolescence.

Design
Prospective follow-up study of twins.

Setting
Nationwide register.

Participants
218 mono- and dizygotic twins (N = 109 pairs) born between 1995 amd 1996, recruited from the Netherlands Twin Register. Cortisol metabolites were determined in 213, 169, and 160 urine samples at the ages of 9, 12, and 17, respectively.

Main outcome measures
The total contribution of genetic factors (broad-sense heritability) and shared and unshared environmental influences to inter-individual differences in cortisol production and activities of 5α-reductase, 5β-reductase, and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases and cytochrome P450 3A4.

Results
For cortisol production rate at the ages of 9, 12, and 17, broad-sense heritability was estimated as 42%, 30%, and 0%, respectively, and the remainder of the variance was explained by unshared environmental factors. For cortisol metabolism indices, the following heritability was observed: for the A-ring reductases (5α-and 5β-reductases), broad-sense heritability increased with age (to &gt;50%), while for the other indices (renal 11β-HSD2, global 11β-HSD, and CYP3A4), the contribution of genetic factors was highest (68%, 18%, and 67%, respectively) at age 12.

Conclusions
The contribution of genetic factors to inter-individual differences in cortisol production decreased between 12 and 17y, indicative of a predominant role of individual circumstances. For cortisol metabolism, distinct patterns of genetic and environmental influences were observed, with heritability that either increased with age or peaked at age 12y.
Justicia como memoria y derecho a la verdad frente a la política de silencio y olvido en El Salvador: Apuntes sobre la percepción de la figura de Óscar Arnulfo Romero y la experiencia de los diálogos intergeneracionales en las parroquias de la Arquidiócesis de San Salvador*
Authors: Olasolo Hector 
Published: December 2019

La política de silencio y olvido, que fue adoptada en El Salvador tras la Ley de Amnistía de 1993, ha fomentado el desconocimiento en la sociedad salvadoreña(particularmente en los jóvenes menores de veinticinco años) sobre las causas yconsecuencias del conflicto armado no internacional que tuvo lugar entre 1980y 1992, y sobre las graves violaciones de Derechos Humanos que ocurrieron en el mismo. Las parroquias de la Iglesia salvadoreña no son ajenas a esta situación porque, como han puesto de manifiesto los diálogos intergeneracionales promovidos desde la Oficina de Tutela de Derechos Humanos del Arzobispado de San Salvador en julio de 2018, sus integrantes más jóvenes desconocen completamente el grado de persecución al que sus hermanos de comunidad fueron sometidos durante el conflicto armado por las fuerzas militares y policiales. La controversia que ha existido, al menos hasta 2013, entre diversos sectores de la Iglesia salvadoreña sobre la figura de Óscar Arnulfo Romero es fruto de esta situación, que afecta las dimensionesindividual y colectiva del derecho a la verdad, impide la satisfacción de lajusticia entendida como memoria, evita que los graves crímenes internacionalescometidos en El Salvador sean tenidos en cuenta a la hora de construir su memoria histórica, ofrece un caldo de cultivo favorable al revisionismo histórico e impide que se puedan adoptar las medidas necesarias para evitar su repetición. Frente a esta situación, los diálogos intergeneracionales celebrados en 2018 en algunas parroquias de la Arquidiócesis de San Salvador han mostrado su capacidad para exponer y superar el impacto negativo de la política del silencio y el olvido desde las propias comunidades parroquiales afectadas.
Trajetórias em transição: a produção de significados de uma migrante venezuelana
Authors: Ataides França Rômulo , Bonaccorsi Barbato Silviane 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a produção de significados em dinâmicas de interpretação de si, a partir da experiência de vida de uma migrante venezuelana. O Brasil passa por uma emergência humanitária recebendo imigrantes venezuelanos que chegam ao país. Em des- locamentos geográficos, o senso de continuidade de si se reorienta e é desafiado por rupturas e transições em que os processos de convencionalização atuam promovendo dinâmicas reflexivas nas inter-historicidades. Realizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas, mediadas por objeto que foi submetida à análise dialógico-temática. Os resultados indicaram que o jogo polifônico ocorre no embate entre o presente, que interpreta o passado e se regula por possibilidades de um futuro, em que conhecimentos anteriores são utilizados para a obtenção exitosa de novas formas de conhecer e estar, no novo país. Os significados reguladores estão relacionados à possibilidade de ficar no país escolhido e aos sacrifícios que podem ser vencidos com as próprias atuações, em escolhas e buscas por soluções, e pela mediação da família, de instituições que trabalham com migrantes e pela religiosidade.
O Papel da Home Literacy e da Educação Infantil no Desenvolvimento dos Precursores da Alfabetização
Authors: Palinha Katia De Matos , Mota Márcia Maria Peruzzi Elia da 
Published: December 2019

Neste estudo, investigou-se o papel do Home Literacy Environment e da Educação Infantil no desenvolvimento dos precursores da alfabetização: consciência fonológica e conhecimento de letras. Participaram da pesquisa 53 estudantes do 1º ano de escolas municipais de nível socioeconômico baixo e seus cuidadores, sendo analisadas: 1) as relações entre Home Literacy Environment e os precursores, por meio de correlações de Pearson, as quais não foram significativas; 2) a contribuição da Educação Infantil no desenvolvimento dos precursores, medida por meio de Testes t, comparando-se as diferenças entre os grupos 0 (pouca experiência) e 1 (com experiência em Educação Infantil), onde se obteve correlações significativas entre o conhecimento das letras e Consciência Fonológica. Esses dados sugerem que o Home Literacy Environment dessas crianças pode ser insuficiente para o desenvolvimento desses preditores, e, portanto, cursar a Educação Infantil influencia a alfabetização.
Tornar-se mãe: Construindo o vínculo parento-filial na adoção tardia
Authors: Sampaio Débora , Dantas Cristina Ribeiro , Magalhães Andrea Seixas , Féres-Carneiro Terezinha 
Published: December 2019

Este estudo teve como objetivo investigara construção do vínculo parento-filial na adoção tardia. Foi realizado um estudo de caso, com base nos dados obtidos por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada com uma mãe adotiva. Evidenciou-se a importância de a mãe se colocar disponível frente às necessidades da filha, permitindo que vivências anteriores à adoção fossem reparadas. A partir de uma leitura winnicottiana foi possível destacar que, assim como nos casos em que houve gestação biológica, os pais adotivos devem experienciar o estado de "preocupação materna primária", mesmo em momento tardio, oferecendo holding e funcionando como ambiente suficientemente bom para a criança. Constatou-se que mãe e filha se colocaram na relação, construindo o vínculo afetivo de forma mútua. O preparo dos pretendentes à adoção se mostrou essencial diante dos desafios do percurso de construção do vínculo parento-filial, sendo ressaltada a colaboração dos Grupos de Apoio à Adoção.
GASTOS DO PRÓPRIO BOLSO DAS PESSOAS EM DIÁLISE PERITONEAL: ESTUDO QUALITATIVO
Authors: Vestena Zillmer Juliana Graciela , Guerreiro Vieira da Silva Denise Maria 
Published: December 2019

Introdução: A doença renal crônica representa um problema de saúde pública em nível mundial pelas crescentes taxas de incidência, prevalência e morbimortalidade, com impacto para as famílias e sistemas de saúde.Objetivo: Conhecer os gastos do próprio bolso que as pessoas com doença renal têm para acessar e manter a diálise peritoneal no domicílio. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, sociocultural, com enfoque etnográfico, a partir de uma perspectiva crítico interpretativa, realizado em município no Sul do Brasil. Participaram 20 pessoas em diálise peritoneal ambulatorial contínua; os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevistas abertas e semiestruturadas, e observação participante. Os dados foram analisados mediante análise de conteúdo convencional. Resultados:As pessoas em diálise peritoneal reportaram ter múltiplos gastos do próprio bolso para acessar e manter o tratamento no domicílio. Os gastos mais importantes são para compra de medicamentos, materiais para a diálise, adequação do espaço, consultas médicas, exames e transporte. Conclusões:o sistema de saúde brasileiro, apesar de ter como proposta ser totalmente gratuito e de acesso universal, não consegue garantir esse acesso e manutenção de forma gratuita de todo tratamento para a população com doença renal.
Target determination for transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with a pharmacotherapy-resistant depressive episode based on the individual parameters of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (a pilot blind controlled trial)
Authors: Poydasheva A. G. , Sinitsyn D. O. , Bakulin I. S. , Suponeva N. A. , Maslennikov N. V. , Tsukarzi E. E. , Mosolov S. N. , Piradov M. A. 
Published: December 2019

High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of pharmacotherapy-resistant depressive disorders (DD). Individual target determination for stimulation can be one of the approaches that can increase the efficiency of the technique. Objective: to compare of the effectiveness and tolerability of standard and personalized rTMS protocols.Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 30 patients with pharmacotherapy-resistant DD who were pseudo-randomized into two groups matched for age, gender, and episode severity. In the study group, the target was located at a point within the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) with maximum negative functional connectivity of the subgenual cingulate cortex. In the control group, the stimulation point was 5 cm anterior to the primary motor cortex (hand area). All the patients underwent 20 sessions of high-frequency rTMS DLPFC. For clinical evaluation, the investigators used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire before and after 10 and 20 rTMS sessions, respectively. Tolerability was assessed using the standardized questionnaires during and within 24 hours after each session. Results and discussion. The study group showed a significant reduction in BDI scores and an increase in the SF-36 (“Mental Health” section) scores after both 10 and 20 rTMS sessions; the control group had those only after 20 sessions. The two groups exhibited no significant differences in the reduction of BDI scores before and after 10 and 20 sessions, respectively. The investigation can be considered to be pilot in searching for algorithms to enhance the efficiency of rTMS DLPFC in pharmacotherapy-resistant depression using the algorithm for personification of target selection. It demonstrated the more rapid onset of a clinical effect in the study group patients. No serious adverse events were reported. The patients had dizziness, headache, and contraction of the facial muscles during the session; headache and mood changes within 24 hours after it. Conclusion. In both groups, rTMS was satisfactorily tolerated and effective; however, personalized target selection accelerated the onset of a clinical effect.