bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grain quality-based selection and QTL mapping in a Ciherang-subl backcross population
Authors: Pramudyawardani Estria F , Aswidinnoor H , Purwoko B S , Suwarno W B , Verdeprado H , Islam M R , Collard B C Y 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Ciherang has been a dominant variety in Indonesia for almost 2 decades and is considered to be a premium rice in Indonesia. Despite the importance of this variety, limited information is available regarding the genetic control of grain quality traits. A backcross population (Ciherang-Sub1*2/IRRI148) was developed for mapping a range of traits. This study was performed to select promising families with similar rice grain quality as Ciherang-Sub1 and to identify QTLs associated with grain quality from Ciherang-Sub1. Nine quality traits (chalkiness; seed length, width, and shape; brown rice, milled rice percentage, head rice recovery percentage, amylose content) and 3 complementary data (gelatinization temperature, gel consistency, milling potential degree) were measured at the IRRI Grain quality and nutrition centre. Selection using two clustering methods identified 32 promising families which had similar grain quality as Ciherang-Sub1. Using the ICIM QTL mapping method, 12 grain quality QTLs were identified. Eight of those were newly identified QTLs (qSL2.1, qSL8.1, qSWdl.1, qBrPl.1, qBrP3.1, qBrP9.1, qMP2.1 and qGT6.2). Large effect QTLs were identified for the seed length (R2= 63.61%), seed shape (R2 = 41.29), and gelatinization temperature (R2= 41.52%). Both parents contributed alleles that affected quality, where 2 QTLs from seed length and width increased seed shape. The promising families and QTLs identified in this study could be useful for enhancing rice grain quality using molecular marker assisted breeding and developing new rice varieties with premium quality in the future.
Biodiversity of butterfly in the waxy corn flowers
Authors: Aminah S N , Syatrawati  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A study about the biodiversity of butterfly in the waxy cornflowers very important to know more about their role and behavior in nature. The purpose of the research is to identify the butterfly family and their visiting frequency to waxy cornflowers as alternative food. The research was conducted at Samangki village, Maros District, South Sulawesi from April to July 2018. Among the Pulut or waxy corn (Zea ceritina Kulesh) family Graminae that growth in farmers field, the butterfly family and their visiting frequency were recorded. The results were showed the butterfly family visited the waxy cornfield from Nymphalidae (Danaus chrysippus L. and Melanitis sp.), Papilionidae (Papilio demolition L. and Graphium agamemnon L.) and Pieridae (Delias hyparete But. and Catopsylla pomona Fab.). Catopsylla pomona (Pieridae) was a higher frequency (5.6 times) visited waxy cornflowers than another species during observation. The result of the study recommended waxy cornflowers can use as one of the alternative management tools for maintaining the butterflies population. Need more effort increasing the role of stakeholder/local government to manage and educate local people in butterfly conservation. Supporting this activity, it need to apply depth ecological knowledge such as high-resolution distributional data and annual censusing.
A review of heat stress signaling in plants
Authors: Firmansyah  , Argosubekti N 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe threat and crisis of food due to global warming has a related with global climate change. The threat of a decline in food production in various countries by climate change triggers a long drought. The increase in temperature causes heat stress on the plant which has an impact on the decline in land quality and others. Heat stress is often defined as an increase in temperature for a certain period of time, which can cause irreversible damage to plants, which generally occurs at temperatures of 10-15°C above the threshold. Heat stress is a major factor limiting crop productivity and adaptation, especially when extreme temperatures coincide with the critical stage of plant growth. Heat stress is a major factor limiting crop productivity and adaptation, especially when extreme temperatures coincide with the critical stage of plant growth. Excessive heat can disrupt by denaturing enzymes and damaging metabolism so that changes occur in the morphological structure, phenology, physiology and molecular plants. The response to increase in temperature of 5-10° C, makes plants produce a unique protein called heat shock proteins (HSP). An increase in HSP production occurs when plants experience a sudden or gradual increase in temperature. HSP is released when the stress of exposed to plant. Under these conditions HSP is useful for protecting proteins and causes resistant plants. The resistance obtained by heat shock is different from the resistance obtained by rapid growth at moderately high temperatures. This difference is presumed by the presence of HSP responses induced by heat stress. The HSP can play a role as a sign of gene stress and activation and in regulating oxidation reactions in cells. Utilization of heat stress signaling in food crops breeding can be used to development Wheat Tolerance to High Temperature.
Analysis of heritability and correlation of agronomic character towards the yield of several m6 generation of wheat mutants (Triticum aestivum L.) in the lowlands
Authors: Farid BDR M , Nasaruddin  , Iswoyo H , Ridwan I , Arsyad F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This research aims to find out the lowland and high production adaptive M6 generation of mutant wheat, to know the positive correlation between growth parameters and production components on yields, and to determine the parameters that have high heritability. The research was carried out in the Bonto Parang which is located in Kelara Village, Tolo Selatan District, Jeneponto Regency at an altitude of 135 m asl, with coordinates of 5 ° 24’58.0 “LS 119 ° 54’58.2” BT, Climate type E (2 wet months and 5 months dry) andosol soil type. The research was conducted from July to October 2018. This research used a Randomized Block Design with 16 lines as genetic material resulting from mutations and four varieties (Dewata, Selayar, Nias, and Munal) used as a comparison so that there were 20 genotypes. The research was conducted with 3 replications so that there were 60 experimental units. The results showed that the M6 mutant wheat is adaptive to lowland and it has a high number of products which is N 350 3.8.9 (3.48 tons.ha-1), N 200 2.4.B.6 (3.37 tons.ha-1) and N 300 4.3.6 (2.71 ton.ha-1). Growth parameters and production components that have a significant positive correlation and bring significant results are plant height, number of tillers, productive tillers, number of stomata, stomatal density, chlorophyll index, panicle length, number of spikelet scales, percentage of empty floret, weight of seed scales and of 1000 seeds, high heritability and high genetic diversity followed by the characteristics of productive tillers, number of seedlings, scum production, clump production, production and flowering age.
Application of N fertilizer and Mikania micrantha weed extract on weeds population, growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays zacharrata)
Authors: Herliana Okti , Rostaman  , Sena Wisnu Bhima 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The existence of weeds and low efficiency of nitrogen fertilization are obstacles in the sustainable production of sweet corn. Eco-friendly weed control efforts are needed and at the same time can increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization in sweet corn crops. The utilisation of Mikania micrantha weed extract as bio-herbicide has been shown to inhibit the growth of several types of weeds. This study aimed to determine the effect of decreasing of Nitrogen dosage and the application of Mikania micrantha extract to reduce weed populations, support growth and yield of sweet corn crops. The research was conducted at Experimental Farm of Agriculture Faculty Universitas Jenderal Soedirman in Purwokerto Central Java from June to August 2018. The experiment used completely randomized block design. The treatments consisted of two factors and three replication. The first factor is nitrogen dosage (N1 = 100%, N2 = 50% and N3 25% N recommendation dosage) and second factor is concentration of weed extract (W1=10%, W2=20% and W3 = 30 %) The results showed that dominant weeds were Cynodon dactylon and Cyperus rotundus. N dosage of 25% and 50% are able to provide the best sweet corn yield, weed extract concentrations of 10% and 20% suppress weed growth
The potential of intercropping citrus and rice to improve the productivity of swamp land in Indonesia
Authors: Ratule M T , Sutopo  , Aji T G , Fanshuri B A , Dwiastuti M E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Appropriate and integrated land management technology in utilizing swamp land with optimal and sustainable productivity is needed because the swamp ecosystem is naturally fragile. The development of intercropping rice and citrus on tidal land needs to be supported by the application of cultivation technology and institutional strengthening of farmers so that the results obtained can be optimum and sustainable. Common problems that arise in the use of tidal land for agriculture include a variety of overflow and inundation conditions, very diverse types of soil with varied and low fertility levels, soil acidity and high potential for pyrite toxicity, variety of peat thickness and maturity level, and the condition of farmers who are still weak both in terms of skills and capital. This paper discusses the intercropping potential of citrus and rice to increase the productivity of swamps in Indonesia, the environmental and technical constraints, and strategies in proper and integrated land management.
Combination of bacteria-fungi in five formulations of carrier and its effectiveness on composting of corn stalk waste
Authors: Faesal  , Djaenuddin N. , Syafruddin  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Bacteria and Fungi combination as decomposer in a fiew formulation and stored for several months after production. Research aim to study viability and effectivity of bacteria-fungi combining decomposer for maize waste composting. Material that using there were five carrier composition formula ie. BAGM (rice flour, charcoal flour, peat soil, and molasses), AAM (charcoal flour, jelly, and molasses), SAM (husk, jelly, and molases), BKM (rice flour, coconut water, and molasses), SGM (husk, peat soil, and molasses), and commercial biodecomposer Promi and EM4 as the check treatments. Isolate combination were using ie. bacteria+fungi BO(B7.1+O5) and EP(E7.7+P7). Results indicated that commonly carrier composition formula where tested was effective better than Promi and EM4 in maize waste composting. Carrier formula plus bio decomposer that consistently produce the better of compost after stored 12 and 24 WAP (weeks after production) i.e. combination of SAMEP, BAGmBO, SGMBEP and AAMEP and have opportunity to mass production for expansion.
Intercropping of maize-mungbean to increase the farmer’s income
Authors: Syafruddin  , Suwardi  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The alternative to increase the income of maize farmers is intercropping with legumes. Intercropping of maize-mungbean should be not maize productivity lowest compared to monoculture. Therefore, to avoid the decrease in the yield of maize, the plant population of maize in intercropping should be the same as the optimal population in maize monoculture and mungbean in intercropping does not interfere or compete with the maize crop. To suppress yield reduction of mungbean in intercropping by setting maize plants as such so that the light intensity obtained by mungbean to be optimum. The research was aimed to obtain maize-mungbean intercropping with high farmer income. The field experiment was conducted on dry land at Gowa, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The treatment i.e 1. Intercropping 1 row of mungbean in maize twin row at plant spacing of (100-50) cm x 20 cm; 2. Intercropping 2 rows of mungbean in maize twin rows at plant spacing of (100-50) cm x 20 cm; 3. Intercropping with 1 row of mungbean in twin row at plant spacing of (110-40) cm x 20 cm; 4. Intercropping 2 rows of mungbean in maize twin rows at plant spacing of (110-40) cm x 20 cm; 5. Maize monoculture with a plant spacing of 75 cm x 20 cm; 6. Mungbean monoculture with a plant spacing of 40 x 20 cm. Both of maize monoculture and intercropping maintained plant population at 66,666 plants ha-1. Monoculture of mungbean population was 125,000 plant ha-1, whereas intercropping whit 1 row of mungbean was 33,333 plant ha-1 and 2 rows of mungbean at 66,666 plant ha-1. The results showed that maize-mungbean intercropping in twin rows of maize was able to obtained maize grain yield 2.9 - 7.0% and profit of 26 - 45% higher than monoculture, had maize equivalent yield 24-50% higher than maize grain yield actual, land equivalent ratio >1, and B-C ratio > 1. Intercropping of maize-mungbean with twin rows plant of maize at spacing (110-40) cm x 20 cm and 2 rows of mungbean can be recommended to increase farmer income because it has the highest land utilities and economic benefit compared to other models.
Utilization of rice husk biochar and tofu dregs compost to growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata sturt.)
Authors: Rosa E , Mulyadi  , Prasetyo M , Aziz A , Bakar B A , Panikkai S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This research aimed to obtain the appropriate dosage of rice husk biochar and tofu dreg compost for the growth and yield of corn plants. It was also to find out the interaction between biochar rice husk and tofu dreg compost on the growth and yield of corn plants. The study was conducted at the BPTP Lampineung field, Banda Aceh, from April to July 2018. The analysis used in this study was a randomized complete block design (RBD) with a factorial pattern of 3 x 3 with 3 replications. The factors studied are; a. rice husk biochar consist of 3 levels b. Tofu waste compost factor consists of 3 levels. The parameters observed included plant height, flowering age, cob length, and cob weight. The results showed that the treatment of rice husk biochar had no significant effect on plant height 15, 30, 45 DAP, the cob diameter and weight, but had a significant effect on flowering age, and had a very significant effect on plant height of 60 DAP. The treatment of various tofu dregs compost doses significantly affected plant height at 60 DAP but did not significantly affect plant height at 15, 30, 45 DAP, flowering age and cob weight. There was a very significant interaction of providing rice husk biochar and tofu compost to the length of corn cobs.
Effect of application of algae sargassum sp. extract to corn plants (Zea mays L.) and microbial response
Authors: Fatriana  , Caronge M W , Djawad Y A , Bourgougnon N , Makkulawu A T , Jumadi O 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of the application of algae Sargassum sp. extract on the growth of corn plants (Zea mays L.) and the response of soil microbes through the use of the Randomized Group Design (RGD) consisting of 3 repeats. The algae Sargassum sp. extract had 3 concentrations namely algae 30%, algae 60% and algae 90%. Then the algae Sargassum sp. extract was applied to the corn plants (Zea mays. L.) by being poured on the soil. Observation parameters stalk circumference (cm), leaf nitrogen content (%), stalk and leaf biomass (grams), cob weight (grams), husked cob weight (grams), cob length (cm), cob diameter (cm), soil bacteria colonies and soil fungi. The use of algae extracts improved the quality and quantity of corn growth using analysis of variances (F-test/ANOVA) with a confidence level of α = 0,05%. This was followed by analysis with the Duncan test using SPSS Statistics program version 22. The research results showed the application of algae Sargassum sp. extract on corn plants had a significant effect on stalk and leaf vegetative biomass, cob weight, husked cob weight, cob length and cob diameter, but did not have a significant effect on corn plant height, stalk circumference, leaf nitrogen content, soil bacteria colonies and soil fungi colonies. Even though there was not a significant effect, but quantitatively the corn plant growth with alga 30%, alga 60% and alga 90% treatments tended to be better than control.
Application of ICT tools in food crops monitoring in Indonesia
Authors: Bunyamin Z , Andayani N. N. , Fahdiana T , Suwardi  , Azrai Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Indonesian “Working Cabinet” 2014-2019 is placing more attention on agricultural sector, particularly self-sufficiency program for major food crops such as rice, corn/maize and soybean. The government has been planning to achieve self-sufficiency in rice production by 2016, corn production by 2017 and soybean production by 2018. Indonesian government has also inspired to renewed enthusiasm to use new information and communication technologies (ICTs) for agricultural services. Driven by significant role of ICT, research institute, universities, and related associations have actively involved in ICT application in agriculture for recent years. The aim of the paper is to review/analyze role, potential and contribution of ICT in agriculture and to explore opportunities for use of IT in various fields of agricultural sector in Indonesia. The paper reviews and analyzes various ICT-based information dissemination models application in agriculture. In addition, success story of ICT applications in agriculture are presented i.e. Application of Standing Crop for Rice Monitoring, Modeling of maize self sufficiency in Indonesia, KATAM: Cropping Calendar, Android based Tani Hub Application, Pantau Harga: Android application for agricultural prices monitoring, SMS based cropping area monitoring, e-Rice consultation services version 1.0, and e-IRKB: Online based Indonesia Rice Knowledge Bank. The findings provide a useful direction for researcher and practitioners in developing future ICT based information dissemination systems. ICT tools ensuring farmers and increases their capacity to make effective and informed decisions.
Reduction of rice yield gap by fertilizer and new varieties in North Sumatera
Authors: Parhusip Dorkas , Manurung Erpina D. , Girsang Setia S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVariety and fertilizer are the important input that affects the increase in rice production. The research was carried out in the farmers’ land of Laras II Village, Siantar Subdistrict, Simalung District, North Sumatra DS 2019 (latitude: 2°058’52”N, longitude: 99°8’36”E, 249.5 m a.s.l.). The objective of the study is to determine the amount and time of fertilizer application in several rice varieties to minimize the gap of rice seed yields in North Sumatra. The treatment is a combination of fertilization treatments were rice consulting services (RCS), paddy soil test kits (STK), and farmers’ treatment (FFP) while varieties were Ciherang, Mekongga, Inpari 30, 32, 33, 36, 42, and 43 with four replications. The results showed that land suitability class that is very suitable and had the good climate to support rice production in North Sumatera. The RCS fertilization can be a tool to identify gaps and improve nutrient management on rice because the results of the study showed that the RCS fertilization can decreased the yield gap of 2.6 t ha−1compared to farmers in the same season. This is supported by SPAD, biomass, particulate matter per panicle, filled grain, 1000 grains, and production.
Application of local seaweed extracts on growth and yield of mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors: Yusuf Ramal , Bahrudin  , Mas’ud Hidayati , Syakur Abdul , Afriana Dewi Sintha , Kalaba Yulianti , Kristiansen Paul 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mustard greens (Brassica juncea L.) is one of the horticultural crops of vegeTable species that are utilized in young leaves. Utilization of seaweed as biofertilizer can be an alternative solution to environmental problems caused by mineral fertilizers because they are safe for soil and plant microbes. The research aimed to determine the effect of extract of seaweeds growing Central Sulawesi on growth and yield of mustard greens. This study consisted of six treatments: P0 = control, P1 = NPK fertilizer, P2 = seaweed extract Caulerpa sp., P3 = seaweed extract Sargassum sp., P4 = seaweed extract Kappaphycus alvarezii, P5 = seaweed extract Ulva sp., Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh weight of plant, dry weight of plant, and chlorophyll content were measured during the growing period and at harvest. The results showed that the seaweed extracts significantly affected on growth and yield of mustard greens plants. The most effective seaweed extracts for mustard greens plants was from Ulva sp. which produced average leave fresh weight 772.79 g and 10.40 numbers of leaves.
Effect of population level of various hybrid corn strains on growth and yield
Authors: Suwardi  , Zainuddin Bunyamin , Syafruddin dan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The success of plant breeding efforts is the availability of genetic diversity in the population so that people can choose what is preferred due to limited optimal land by utilizing sub-optimal land. The level of plant population is carried out to obtain information about a prospective maize variety that has a high productivity in land with limited / minimal level of sunlight. The higher level of plant population means the lower the reception of light by plants, therefore we need a variety that is shade resistant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the population level of each unit area on various shade-resistant lines with high productivity which is expected to be applied on intercropping land (plantations / forests) that have high shade levels. The study was conducted at Cereals Plant Research Institute, Maros in August - November 2016. The study used a randomized block design in the form of a split plot with 3 replications. The main plot is the plant population, which is a medium population of 70 cm x 20 cm (population 71,428 plants/ha) and a population of height 70 cm x 15 cm (population 95,238 plants/ha). As subplots were 10 prospective varieties of hybrid corn strain. The results showed that the shade resistant strain of 70 x 15 cm plant spacing highest yields of 1044-9 x 1027-11 (7.75 t/ha) and 70 x 20 cm spacing yield (t/ha) the highest CY 15 x MAL 03 (10.07 t/ha).
The effect of biofertilizer and double row 2:1 planting system on hybrid corn growth and yield on dry land acid soils in Lampung
Authors: Endriani  , Hendra J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
One of the functions of biofertilizers containing live microbes is that they can stimulate plant growth. The study aims to determine the growth and production of hybrid corn plants with the application of biofertilizers and “jajar legowo” planting systems. The study was conducted at Natar Experimental Station, South Lampung Regency in February 2017 until June 2017. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) of 5 Bio-Triba biofertilizers with treatments; B0 (manure/control), BT-1 (25 ml/l), BT-2 (10 ml/l), BT-3 (15 ml/l), and BT-5 (20 ml/l). The spacing between corn rows used by “Jajar Legowo” 2:1 is 20 cm x 50 cm - 100 cm with 1 seed per hole, 5 replications (25 trial plots), and the population was 66,000 plants/ha. The dose of chemical fertilizer used was Urea 350 kg/ha, SP-36 200 kg/ha and KCl 100 kg/ha and 1 ton of rock phosphate. The results showed that the application of biofertilizer had a significant effect on the components of yield (weight of dry seeds and weight of 100 corn grains) but did not significantly affect growth components (plant height, number of leaves) compared to non-biological fertilizer, using cow manure.