bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real-time structural health monitoring for concrete beams: a cost-effective ‘Industry 4.0’ solution using piezo sensors
Authors: Ghosh Arka , Edwards David John , Hosseini M. Reza , Al-Ameri Riyadh , Abawajy Jemal , Thwala Wellington Didibhuku 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis research paper adopts the fundamental tenets of advanced technologies in industry 4.0 to monitor the structural health of concrete beam members using cost-effective non-destructive technologies. In so doing, the work illustrates how a coalescence of low-cost digital technologies can seamlessly integrate to solve practical construction problems.Design/methodology/approachA mixed philosophies epistemological design is adopted to implement the empirical quantitative analysis of “real-time” data collected via sensor-based technologies streamed through a Raspberry Pi and uploaded onto a cloud-based system. Data was analysed using a hybrid approach that combined both vibration-characteristic-based method and linear variable differential transducers (LVDT).FindingsThe research utilises a novel digital research approach for accurately detecting and recording the localisation of structural cracks in concrete beams. This non-destructive low-cost approach was shown to perform with a high degree of accuracy and precision, as verified by the LVDT measurements. This research is testament to the fact that as technological advancements progress at an exponential rate, the cost of implementation continues to reduce to produce higher-accuracy “mass-market” solutions for industry practitioners.Originality/valueAccurate structural health monitoring of concrete structures necessitates expensive equipment, complex signal processing and skilled operator. The concrete industry is in dire need of a simple but reliable technique that can reduce the testing time, cost and complexity of maintenance of structures. This was the first experiment of its kind that seeks to develop an unconventional approach to solve the maintenance problem associated with concrete structures. This study merges industry 4.0 digital technologies with a novel low-cost and automated hybrid analysis for real-time structural health monitoring of concrete beams by fusing several multidisciplinary approaches into one integral technological configuration.
Investigating the impact of macro-economic changes on auditors' assessments of audit risk: a field study
Authors: Awadallah Abdelmoneim A. , Elsaid Haitham M. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe study aims at examining whether or not poor macro-economic conditions can lead auditors to change their risk management policies when performing an audit.Design/methodology/approachThe present study is based on a questionnaire distributed to auditors working at the branches of the big four audit firms in Egypt over two rounds under different economic conditions. The responses in each of the two rounds were analyzed to identify any similarities or differences in auditors' behavior when performing analytical procedures under different economic conditions.FindingsAuditors appear to alter their risk management strategies during challenging economic times. The present study results suggest that auditors increase their dependence on non-financial data and information as supporting evidence when assessing audit risk during times of economic difficulties. The findings also show that when the macro-economic trends are declining, audit firms tend to assign the performance of analytical procedures to more experienced audit personnel (i.e. senior auditors, audit managers and partners) with less of this work being done by the audit staff.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study is based on a sample of 40 respondents. It is recommended for future research to use a larger sample size as results may differ for a greater sample. The present research did not consider the effect of auditors' specialization in a certain industry on the audit judgment during an audit engagement. Future research would examine the impact of auditors' industry specialization on audit judgments during periods of unfavorable economic conditions. The present study is based on a survey that aims at capturing auditors' perception. Further research would use other research techniques (e.g. laboratory experiment) to examine the effect of the general economic conditions on auditors' assessment of audit risk.Practical implicationsAuditors need to give sufficient attention to the analyses of non-financial information of their audit clients during the performance of the analytical procedures under unstable economic conditions rather than depending solely on financial information. Moreover, audit firms could use a much richer labor mix for audit teams through increasing their reliance on experienced senior auditors, audit managers and partners during periods of deteriorating macro-economic conditions to mitigate risk and improve audit judgment.Originality/valueThis study adds to the scarce literature in developing countries investigating the influence of external economic factors on the audit process. The present research provides information to practitioners and educators about risk management policies that could be considered in case of performing analytical procedures during an audit conducted under poor economic conditions.
Artificial intelligence in communication management: a cross-national study on adoption and knowledge, impact, challenges and risks
Authors: Zerfass Ansgar , Hagelstein Jens , Tench Ralph 
Published: May 2020

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) might change the communication profession immensely, but the academic discourse is lacking an investigation of the perspective of practitioners on this. This article addresses this research gap. It offers a literature overview and reports about an empirical study on AI in communications, presenting first insights on how professionals in the field assess the technology.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative cross-national study among 2,689 European communication practitioners investigated four research questions: RQ1 – How much do professionals know about AI and to what extent are they already using AI technologies in their everyday lives? RQ2 – How do professionals rate the impact of AI on communication management? RQ3 – Which challenges do professionals identify for implementing AI in communication management? RQ4 – Which risks do they perceive?FindingsCommunication professionals revealed a limited understanding of AI and expected the technology to impact the profession as a whole more than the way their organisations or themselves work. Lack of individual competencies and organisations struggling with different levels of competency and unclear responsibilities were identified as key challenges and risks.Research limitations/implicationsThe results highlight the need for communication managers to educate themselves and their teams about the technology and to identify the implementation of AI as a leadership issue.Originality/valueThe article offers the first cross-national quantitative study on AI in communication management. It presents valuable empirical insights on a trending topic in the discipline, highly relevant for both academics and practitioners.
An exploratory empirical study of whistleblowing and whistleblowers
Authors: Krambia-Kapardis Maria 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop a profile of whistleblowers and to determine whether whistleblowing legislation would encourage those individuals to bring to light some illegal or unethical behaviour that otherwise would remain in the shadows.

Design/methodology/approach
Having identified whistleblowing correlation, a survey was carried out in Cyprus of actual whistleblowers and could-have-been whistleblowers.

Findings
Males between 46 and55 years of age, regardless of whether they have dependents or hold senior positions in organizations are significantly more likely to blow the whistle. However, could-have-been whistleblowers did not go ahead because they felt that the authorities would not act on their information.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the sensitive nature of the research topic and the fact that only whistleblowers or intended whistleblowers could participate in the study, the sample size is limited as a result. This, in turn, limits both the number of respondents in each category (actual and intended) as well as constrains the statistical analysis that could be carried out on the data.

Practical implications
It remains to be seen whether EU Member States shall implement the European Directive 2019/1937 on the protection of persons who report breaches of Union Law, in its entirety by the due date, namely December 2021.

Originality/value
This study provides a literature review of whistleblowing and reports an original survey against the backdrop of the European Directive.
Integrating oral health into prenatal care: a scoping review
Authors: Adeniyi Abiola , Donnelly Leeann , Janssen Patricia , Jevitt Cecilia , Siarkowski Michael , Brondani Mario 
Published: May 2020

PurposeIntegrating preventive oral care into prenatal care is suggested as a strategy for reducing the burden of oral diseases among pregnant women and their offspring. This scoping review sought to synthesize available information and identify knowledge gaps on integrating oral health into prenatal care.Design/methodology/approachThe scoping review was conducted based on the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review framework using the following databases: CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Medline, ProQuest Dissertation and theses Global, Psychinfo and Web of Science®. No search limits were used. Content analysis of the included articles was performed to identify conceptual frameworks, types of integration used, study designs, study objectives and outcomes.FindingsOverall, 2,861 references were obtained from the databases search; and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria 35 references were included in the final analysis. Of these 35 references, one document presented a conceptual model, six documents reviewed guidelines for integrating oral health in prenatal care, two were policy documents aimed at interprofessional collaboration for oral health during pregnancy, eight documents described programs focused on providing oral care during pregnancy, five of the references were literature reviews and the remaining 13 evaluated the impact of integration. Linkages between healthcare professionals were the most common type of integration used.Research limitations/implicationsDespite advances in understanding integrated care concepts for healthcare delivery, there is little evidence available on the impact of the various types of, and strategies for, integrating oral health into prenatal care. Future research to bridge the identified gaps is recommended.Originality/valueThe originality of this study is to provide evidence on integrated oral healthcare during pregnancy.
Key-synergies between strategic resources and operational tool orchestration for organization development
Authors: Amedzro St-Hilaire Walter 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the synergy between strategic resources and operational tool orchestration for organization development.Design/methodology/approachThe article has a progressive empirical multiple-level research design. With a cross-sectional analysis, this investigation confirms the organization development can be related to strategic resources and a complex interplay of factors. Along with this method, our study enables rich empirical conceptualization and helps with extending theory.FindingsThe results indicate that in operational tool orchestration, the higher the synergy in the factors of production, the greater the strategic development, competitive positioning and sustainability of the organization. In sum, according to these results, the synergy between operational tool orchestration and the factors of productivity could have a significant effect on organizational objectives achievement.Originality/valueThis research provides researchers with an empirical base stating that organization development can be related to strategic resources in an operational context. The article also provides a new contribution to the existing literature in management development by confirming the significance of vital resources and functional tool orchestration in organization optimization and will be referenced by other authors in the future.
Skin lands in Ghana and application of blockchain technology for acquisition and title registration
Authors: Mintah Kwabena , Baako Kingsley Tetteh , Kavaarpuo Godwin , Otchere Gideon Kwame 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The land sector in Ghana, particularly skin lands acquisition and title registration are fraught with several issues including unreliable record-keeping systems and land encroachments. The paper explores the potential of blockchain application in skin lands acquisition and title registration in Ghana with the aim of developing a blockchain-enabled framework for land acquisition. The purpose of this paper is to use the framework as a tool towards solving some of the loopholes in the process that leads to numerous issues bedeviling the current system.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper adopts a systematic literature review approach fused with informal discussions with key informants and leverages on the researchers’ own experiences to conceptualize blockchain application in skin lands acquisition in Ghana.

Findings
Problems bedeviling skin lands acquisition and title registration emanated from the issuance of allocation notes, payment of kola money and use of a physical ledger to document land transactions. As a result, the developed framework was designed to respond to these issues and deal with the problems. As the proposed blockchain framework would be a public register, it was argued that information on all transactions on a specific parcel of land could be available to the public in real-time. This enhances transparency and possibly resolves the issue of encroachments and indeterminate land boundaries because stakeholders can determine rightful owners of land parcels before initiating transactions.

Practical implications
Practically, blockchain technology has the potential to deal with the numerous issues affecting the smooth operation of skin lands acquisition and title registration in Ghana. Once the enumerated issues are resolved, there will be certainty of title to and ownership of land and property to drive investments because lenders could more easily ascertain owners of land parcels that could be used as collateral for securing loans. Similarly, property developers and land purchasers could easily identify rightful owners for land transactions. The government would be able to identify owners for land and property taxation.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the literature on blockchain and application to land acquisition and title registration with a focus on a specific customary land ownership system.
Effect of wood particulate size on the mechanical properties of PLA biocomposite
Authors: Sachin S. Raj , Kannan T. Kandasamy , Rajasekar Rathanasamy 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to carry out an investigation of the role of the wood particle size on the mechanical properties of poly lactic acid (PLA)-reinforced neem fiber biocomposite.Design/methodology/approachComposite test specimens were processed by reinforcing neem wood flour (NWF) in two different particle sizes, micro-sized NWF (MNWF) and nano-sized NWF (NNWF) separately into PLA. Composites were extruded at four different fiber loadings (10, 15, 20 and 25 Wt.%) into PLA matrix. The MNWF and NNWF had particle sizes varying from 5 to 15 µm and 10 to 15 nm, respectively.FindingsTensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of PLA increased with fiber reinforcement for both the MNWF and NNWF cases. The NNWF-reinforced PLA composite at 20 Wt.% fiber loading proved to be the best composite that had outstanding mechanical properties in this research.Practical implicationsThe developed composite can be used as a substitute for conventional plywood for furniture, building infrastructure and interior components for the automobile, aircraft and railway sectors.Originality/valueA new biocomposite had been fabricated by using PLA and NWF and had been tested for its mechanical characteristics.
Organizational learning capacity of startups in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Gonzaga Barbara Santana , Figueiredo Paulo Soares , Souza Elisabeth Loiola Regina da Cruz , Passos Francisco Uchoa 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis empirical and exploratory study analyzed the role of interaction with the innovation environment and of the organizational learning capacity (OLC) development stage in startups in Northeast Brazil based on the perception of managers of these companies.Design/methodology/approachThis was a quantitative study. Questionnaires were sent electronically to the managers of startups in the nine states of Northeast Brazil. A total of 54 managers participated, composing a non-probabilistic sample. The data collected were analyzed by multiple linear regressions.FindingsThe results obtained seek to evidence whether the interaction of startups in Northeast Brazil with the startup ecosystem and the development stage in which these companies are found are associated with OLC. The results confirmed the hypothesis that higher startup development stages are positively associated with higher levels of OLC in the sample. A negative association was identified between the manufacturing startup type and the OLC level, and the level of interaction with the innovation environment was still infrequent.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the literature on the determinants of organizational learning and to startup managers who wish to more effectively promote this learning. Implications of the findings are discussed.Practical implicationsThis study contributes to the literature on the determinants of organizational learning and to startup managers who wish to more effectively promote this learning. Implications of the findings are discussed.Originality/valueStudies on Brazilian startups are still relatively scarce, especially studies that focus on learning capacity. No other studies addressing the hypotheses tested here were found.
SARS‐CoV‐2 testing and outcomes in the first 30 days after the first case of COVID‐19 at an Australian children's hospital
Authors: Ibrahim Laila F , Tosif Shidan , McNab Sarah , Hall Samantha , Lee Hyun Jung , Lewena Stuart , Daley Andrew J , Crawford Nigel W , Steer Andrew C , Bryant Penelope A , Babl Franz E 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveInternational studies describing COVID‐19 in children have shown low proportions of paediatric cases and generally a mild clinical course. We aimed to present early data on children tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 at a large Australian tertiary children's hospital according to the state health department guidelines, which varied over time.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study at The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. It included all paediatric patients (aged 0–18 years) who presented to the ED or the Respiratory Infection Clinic (RIC) and were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2. The 30‐day study period commenced after the first confirmed positive case was detected at the hospital on 21 March 2020, until 19 April 2020. We recorded epidemiological and clinical data.ResultsThere were 433 patients in whom SARS‐CoV‐2 testing was performed in ED (331 [76%]) or RIC (102 [24%]). There were four (0.9%) who had positive SARS‐CoV‐2 detected, none of whom were admitted to hospital or developed severe disease. Of these SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients, 1/4 (25%) had a comorbidity, which was asthma. Of the SARS‐CoV‐2 negative patients, 196/429 (46%) had comorbidities. Risk factors for COVID‐19 were identified in 4/4 SARS‐CoV‐2 positive patients and 47/429 (11%) SARS‐CoV‐2 negative patients.ConclusionOur study identified a very low rate of SARS‐CoV‐2 positive cases in children presenting to a tertiary ED or RIC, none of whom were admitted to hospital. A high proportion of patients who were SARS‐CoV‐2 negative had comorbidities.
Common Auditors and Private Bank Loans*
Authors: Francis Jere R. , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTWe show that when banks and borrowers share the same audit firm, borrowers receive lower interest rates, after controlling for potentially confounding director connectedness. The common auditor effect is observed only for opaque borrowers, and is greatest when the same audit engagement office audits the bank and borrower. A common auditor connection also matters more for longer‐tenured auditors, for geographically proximate borrowers, and when the syndicate involves fewer lenders. The effect does not hold for auditors recently sanctioned by the PCAOB. Finally, the interest rate discount is not the consequence of homophily or biased decision making, based on a comparison of postloan performance of firms with common auditor loans versus those with noncommon auditor loans.
The Effect of Web‐Based Nursing Process Teaching on Senior Nursing Students’ Care Planning Skills#
Authors: Basit Gülden , Korkmaz Fatoş 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of web‐based nursing process teaching on senior nursing students’ care plan preparation skills.METHODSPretest‐posttest intervention design was used. A total of 131 senior nursing students were evaluated for 5 weeks. Data were collected using a datasheet, a nursing care plan (pretest‐posttest), and a self‐efficacy form.FINDINGSThe intervention group had significantly higher data collection, planning stage scores, and a total care plan score than the others. The intervention group was competent in all self‐efficacy items, except the one concerning prioritizing nursing diagnoses.CONCLUSIONSWeb‐based nursing process teaching offered with the curriculum helps students to develop care planning skills.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICEIt is necessary to focus on different teaching methods and using standardized terminology in teaching the nursing process.
Hypothermia during CRRT, a comparative analysis
Authors: Bell Max , Ronco Claudio , Hansson Fredrik , Broman Marcus 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundOne of the most common adverse events during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is hypothermia, reported to occur in over 4/10 cases. In turn, hypothermia is known to be associated with higher mortality rates among patients treated in intensive care units (ICU). The present study examined if a novel warming device in the current generation of CRRT systems could lower incidence of hypothermia compared to previous generation technology.MethodsWe included ICU patients >18 years, at Skåne University Hospital, Lund from November 2006 to August 2019 and treated with CRRT. Temperature measurements were recorded from the CRRT systems and from the patients hourly.ResultsIn total, 310 patients treated with the older system vs 32 patients treated using the newer CRRT system were included. We found that historic Prismaflex patients spent 11.43% of their time in hypothermia, as compared to the novel Prismax CRRT system, where 10.06% of patient hours were below 36.0°C (Chi‐Square P = .0063).The novel blood warmer is associated with less heat loss compared to the older warmer: mean patient temperature was 37°C vs 36.5°C for these two groups and mean set return temperature was 37.9°C vs 40.9°C (both P < .001).ConclusionsThe current generation CRRT system and blood warmer significantly decreases the risk of hypothermia among critically ill patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy as compared to historic controls. Achieving target temperature is easier with the new system.