bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomolecular Imaging of Colorectal Tumor Lesion Using FITC Labeled scFv-Cκ Fragment Antibody
Authors: Kim Hyung il , Kim Jinhyeon , Kim Hyori , Yoon Yong Sik , Hwang Sung Wook , Park Sang Hyoung , Yang Dong-Hoon , Ye Byong Duk , Byeon Jeong-Sik , Yang Suk-Kyun , Kim Sun Young , Myung Seung-Jae , Lee Hyeri 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For the sensitive diagnosis of colorectal cancer lesions, advanced molecular imaging techniques using cancer-specific targets were emerged. However, issues for the clearance of unbound probes and immunogenicity remain unresolved. To overcome these limitations, we developed a small sized antibody fragment conjugated with FITC for the real-time detection of colorectal cancer by in vivo molecular endoscopy imaging. A small-sized scFv fragment targets colon cancer secreted protein-2 (CCSP-2), highly expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue, and its full-length IgG probe has subjected to study for molecular imaging previously. To assess the advanced efficacy of anti-CCSP-2 scFv-FITC, surgical specimens were obtained from 21 patients with colorectal cancer for ex vivo molecular fluorescence analysis, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Orthotopic mice were administered with anti-CCSP-2 scFv-FITC topically and intravenously, and distinct tumor lesions were observed by real-time fluorescence colonoscopy. The fluorescence imaging of human colon cancer specimens allowed the distinction of malignant tissues from non-malignant tissues (p < 0.05), and the CCSP-2 expression level was found to be correlated with the fluorescence intensity. Here, we demonstrated the feasibility and safety of anti-CCSP-2 scFv-FITC for molecular imaging as well as its potential in real-time fluorescence colonoscopy for the differential diagnosis of tumor lesions.
Quantitative MRI Measurement of Muscle Atrophy and Fatty Infiltration after Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Kim Jung Youn , Zhong Zhuan , Lee Ho Won , Noh Kyu-Cheol 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: It is not yet clear whether muscle atrophy and fat degeneration have improved after successful arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Therefore, in this study, the quantitative MRI measurement was performed to evaluate the changes of muscle atrophy and fat degeneration before and after surgery more accurately and to analyze the correlation between changes in muscle atrophy and fat degeneration and clinical outcome.Materials and Methods: From March 2013 to March 2017, 40 patients who had no retear up to 1 year after rotator cuff repair were taken before surgery, 3 days after surgery, and 1 year after surgery. Supraspinatus muscle atrophy and fat infiltration were measured quantitatively in Conventional Y view and Supraspinatus origin view. The measurement items were muscle area , occupation ratio, degree of fat degeneration (%) and area of fat degeneration (㎣). Postoperative clinical results were measured by ASES score and Constant score at 1 year. Correlation between values and scores was analyzed. Results: Inter-measurement reliability was high (ICC = 0.933, Cronbach-α = 0.963). There was no significant change in muscle atrophy in Conventional Y-view at 1 year after surgery (Occupation ratio:P = 0.2770; Muscle area(㎣) P = 0.3049) and muscle atrophy in Supraspinatus origin view(Muscle area(㎣) P = 0.5953). Fatty Infiltration (%) and fat area (㎣) measured with conventional method on Y-view and showed significant difference (P = 0.0001). Fatty Infiltration (%) and fat area (㎣) measured with modify method on Y-view and SOV-view showed no significant difference (all P ＞0.05). Postoperative constant score and ASES showed significant improvement compared to preoperative (P = 0.0001), but there was no correlation between fat infiltration and muscle atrophy. (P = 0.653) Conclusion: Clinical outcome (ASES, Constant score) was significantly improved after rotator cuff repair surgery. Clinical outcome (ASES, Constant score) does not have correlation with FI & MA. Muscle Atrophy does not have change 1-year after surgery. Fatty Infiltration was improved in Y-view measured by conventional method. Keywords: Fatty infiltration, Muscle atrophy, Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, Supraspinatus origin view, Y-view
Research on the Pathogenesis of Chronic Hepatitis B: From T lymphocyte to HMGB1-PTEN Pathway
Authors: Li Xia , Liu Chao , Li Gui-Yu , Mu Jie , Xie Lu-Shuang , Feng Quan-Sheng , Jiang Cen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Viral hepatitis is still a major health problem in the world, such as chronic hepatitis B(CHB). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) easily causes liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma that seriously endanger human health. However, the cellar and molecular pathology of hepatitis B virus is still unclear. Currently, the level of immunity and the inflammatory response are recognized as close relationship with the prognosis of CHB. Methods: Peripheral blood samples from 36 CHB patients and 14 healthy volunteers as control subjects in this study. We studied the change of T lymphocytes and the proteins levels of HMGB1-PTEN pathway in the CHB patients and the healthy controls by Flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), and then further analyzed the correlation between T lymphocytes and HMGB1-PTEN pathway by constructing multiple regression equation and Pearson test. Results: The percentages of CD4+T, CD8+T cells in CHB patients were lower than those of the healthy controls, and the percentages of Th17, Treg, ratio of Th17/Treg and Tfh cells in CHB patients were higher than those of the healthy controls (P<0.01). HMGB1, PI3K, PDK1, Akt proteins in CHB patients were higher than healthy people (P<0.01). Furthermore, HMGB1-PTEN pathway proteins were negatively correlated with CD4+T, CD8+T cells, and positively correlated with Th17, Treg cells. Conclusions: Long term HBV infection could lead to decrease of immune function and activation of inflammatory response, which makes it difficult to cure chronic hepatitis B.
Chloroplast Genome of Rambutan and Comparative Analyses in Sapindaceae
Authors: Dong Fei , Lin Zhicong , Lin Jing , Ming Ray , Zhang Wenping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background: Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is an important fruit tree belongs to the family Sapindaceae and widely cultivated in Southeast Asia. The chloroplast of plants, as a photosynthetic organelle plays an important role in the photosynthesis and secondary metabolic activities. The chloroplast genome sequencing has become an integral part in understanding the genomic machinery and the phylogenetic histories of rambutan organelles.Results: We sequenced its chloroplast genome and assembled 161,321 bp circular DNA. It is characterized by a typical quadripartite structure composed of a large (86,068 bp) and small (18,153 bp) single-copy region interspersed by two identical inverted repeats (IRs) (28,550 bp). We identified 132 genes including 78 protein-coding, 29 tRNA and 4 rRNA genes, with 21 genes duplicated in the IRs. Sixty-three simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 98 repetitive sequences were detected. Twenty-nine codons showed biased usage and 49 potential RNA editing sites were predicted across 18 protein-coding genes in the rambutan chloroplast genome. In addition, coding gene sequence divergence analysis of N. lappaceum suggested that ccsA, clpP, rpoA, rps12, psbJ and rps19 were under positive selection, which might reflect specific adaptations of N. lappaceum to its particular living environment. Comparative chloroplast genome analyses from five species in Sapindaceae revealed that a higher similarity was conserved in the IR regions than in the LSC and SSC regions. The phylogenetic analysis showed that N. lappaceum chloroplast genome has the closest relationship with that of Pometia tomentosa. Conclusions: The understanding of the chloroplast genomics of rambutan and comparative analysis of Sapindaceae species would provide insight into future research on the breeding of rambutan and Sapindaceae evolutionary studies.
Effectiveness of a One-day Simulation-based Program in Psychiatry for Medical Students: A Controlled Study
Authors: YOUNES Nadia , Delaunay Anne Laure , Roger Matthieu , Serra Pierre , Hirot France , Urbain Frédéric , Godart Nathalie , Speranza Mario , Passerieux Christine , Roux Paul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Training in psychiatry requires specific knowledge, attitudes, and skills that are obtainable by simulation, which needs further development for medical students. After an analysis of previous research with medical students, we evaluated the effectiveness of a one-day teaching program in psychiatry by simulation and validated a scale measuring Confidence in Psychiatric Clinical Skills (CPCQ). Methods: The population was recruited during the 2019-2020 academic year among the 131 fifth-year undergraduate students at the French University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines-Paris Saclay (the year of compulsory psychiatric training). A controlled study compared knowledge (university grades on the entire national program of psychiatry) and confidence (CPCQ scores) between a control group who received the usual psychiatric instruction and the simulation group who also participated in the simulation program. In the simulation group, satisfaction (including the quality of the debriefing) was investigated. The CPCQ scale was validated by assessing the factor structure, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.Results: All fifth-year undergraduate medical students were included: 24 in the simulation group (voluntarily recruited) and 76 in the control group. Their knowledge did not differ before the simulation. After the simulation, knowledge and confidence increased significantly in the simulation group. Two months after the simulation, knowledge and confidence were significantly higher in the simulation group. Satisfaction with the training and debriefing was very high. The CPCQ scale showed good psychometric properties: a single-factor structure, acceptable internal consistency (α=0.73 [0.65 - 0.85]), and good test-retest reliability (ICC=0.71 [0.35 - 0.88]).Several limits were discussed.Conclusions: Adding a one-day simulation program in psychiatry to the usual teaching improved the knowledge and confidence of medical students even 2 months after. The CPCQ scale could be used for the evaluation of educational programs.
Choosing a Distribution Center to Improve the Vietnamese Fruit and Vegetable Supply Chain by the Hybrid Applied Mathematical Optimization and SAW
Authors: Phan Kieu , Ho Phong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the current market economic conditions, the distribution center plays an important role in the the supply chain’s operation, especially when the fruit and vegetable supply chains in Vietnam still do not have a suitable distribution center, leading to high arrival costs and slow shipping times. Therefore, researching and proposing a model to locate distribution centers, contributing to cost reduction of the fruit and vegetable supply chain is a crucial issue in Vietnam today. Therefore, using many survey methods such as in-depth interview, focus groups, face-to-face to collect a total of 439 samples in Vinh Long province, as well as secondary data from new articles, studies, research articles, other authentic sources directing the administration of provincial statistical management and yearbooks for analyzing the sweet potato supply chain in Vinh Long province of the Mekong Delta region. First, this study used mixed-integer linear programming and compromised programming based on IBM CPLEX Optimizer to choose a distribution center when trading-off between cost and transport time. Secondly, Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) for decision support based on excel software from the results of experts’ answering to increase the objectivity for determining the location of the Distribution Center as well as in accordance with both the actual situation and the comprehensive development of local socio-economy. The contribution of proposing the mathematical model is to choose a suitable place for saving costs and reducing transport times. In additon, this approach method could be applied to other Vietnamese agri-fresh products for upgrading the competitiveness, compared with other countries' agricultural products in terms of price and quality so far.
MiR-126 Suppresses Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by Regulating Crosstalk Between Epithelium Cells and Macrophages via CXCL12
Authors: Wu Shuai , Yuan Wei , Luo Weiwei , Nie Kai , Shen Zhaohua , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play essential roles in cancer initiation and progression. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-126 acts as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer (CRC), and negatively associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and prognosis of patients with colon cancer. However, the role and mechanism of miR-126 in the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) remain elusive.MethodsMice were modeling CAC with Azoxymethane(AOM) and Dextran sulfate sodium(DSS). The expression of miR-126 throughout the progression of CAC was analyzed by in situ hybridization (ISH). The effects of miR-126 on CAC were investigated on intestinal epithelium cells (IECs) speciﬁc miR-126 deletion (miR-126ΔIEC, cKO) mice and wild type (WT) mice by flow cytometry assay, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The underlying mechanism was explored through mRNA Immunoprecipitation assay, establishing co-culture systems of IECs and macrophages, cell migration assays, IECs proliferation assays, and immunofluorescence staining.ResultsWe found that miR-126 expression decreased in the colon tissues during the development of CAC in the mouse model and patients’ tissue. Deletion of miR-126 exacerbated CAC in cKO mice. Then we identified CXCL12 as a direct and functional target of miR-126. By blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis with AMD3100 in the CAC mouse model, the CAC tumorigenesis alleviated in mice from cKO+AMD3100 group compares to cKO mice. CXCL12, together with its receptor CXCR4 has been well studied in the effect on hematopoietic stem cells maintenance and homing, as well as being a potent chemokine attracting lymphocytes and macrophages. However, its function on CAC is still unclear. We found that miR-126 regulates the recruitment of macrophages via CXCL12, and down-regulated its IL-6 and IL-1β expression. Furthermore, we found that after co-cultured with miR-126 silenced cells, macrophages would promote colon cell migration, proliferation, and EMT activity, whereas anti-IL-6 antibodies dampened these phenotypes.Conclusions﻿Collectively, our studies indicate that miR-126 plays a protective role in the development and progression of CAC, and suggest that miR-126 may act as a novel molecular marker for early diagnosis of CAC in the future.
Association of DIO2 Thr92Ala Polymorphism With Pediatric Obesity In Japanese Children: A Case Control Study
Authors: Ota Takeshi , Mori Jun , Yasuda Hirotsugu , Yamaguchi Mihoko , Miyagaki Satoshi , Kawabe Yasuhiro , Tsuma Yusuke , Morimoto Hidechika , Shigehara Keiichi , Fukuhara Shota , Kodo Kazuki , Sugimoto Satoru , Kosaka Kitaro , Nakajima Hisakazu , Hosoi Hajime 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGenetic factors play a critical role in the onset and progression of obesity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity is also critical for adiposity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and effects of gene polymorphisms related to BAT in pediatric obesity.MethodsA case-control study with 270 non-obese and 86 obese children was performed. All participants underwent genotyping of type 2 deiodinase (DIO2) Thr92Ala (rs225014), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) -3826 A/G (rs1800592), and β3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR) Trp64Arg (rs4994).ResultsIn the case-control study, the prevalence of the homozygous Ala/Ala allele of the DIO2 gene in the obese group was 15.1 % versus 6.3 % in the non-obese group, resulting in an odds ratio (OR) of 3.393 (95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.498-7.687, P = 0.003). The genotype distribution of UCP1-3826 A/G and ß3AR Trp64Arg did not significantly differ between the obese and the non-obese groups, and the ORs were 1.831 (95% CI, 0.955-3.512, P = 0.069) and 0.819 (95% CI, 0.263-2.555, P = 0.731), respectively.ConclusionsOur results indicate that the homozygous Ala/Ala allele of the DIO2 gene is associated with an increased risk of obesity in children.
Association Between Dialysate Sodium Concentration And Interdialytic Weight Gain In Patients Undergoing Twice Weekly Haemodialysis
Authors: Manji Soraiya , Shah Jasmit , Twahir Ahmed , Sokwala Ahmed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

BackgroundChronic kidney disease is highly prevalent across the globe with more than two million people worldwide requiring renal replacement therapy. Interdialytic weight gain is the change in body weight between two sessions of haemodialysis. Higher interdialytic weight gain has been associated with an increase in mortality and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. It has long been questioned whether using a lower dialysate sodium concentration during dialysis would reduce the interdialytic weight gain and hence prevent these adverse outcomes.MethodsThis study was a single blinded cross-over study of patients undergoing twice weekly haemodialysis at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi and Parklands Kidney Centre. It was conducted over a twelve-week period and patients were divided into two groups: dialysate sodium concentration of 137meq/l and 140meq/l. These groups switched over after a six-week period without a washout period. Univariate analysis was conducted using Fisher’s exact test for categorical data and Mann Whitney test for continuous data. Results41 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age was 61.37 years, and 73% were males. The mean duration for dialysis was 2.53 years. The interdialytic weight gain was not significantly different between the two groups (2.14 for the 137meq/l group and 2.35 for the 140meq/l group, p = 0.970). Mean blood pressures were as follows: pre-dialysis: DNa 137meq/l: systolic 152.14 ± 19.99, diastolic 78.99 ± 12.20, DNa 140meq/l: systolic 156.95 ± 26.45, diastolic 79.75 ± 11.25 (p = 0.379, 0.629 respectively). Post-dialysis: DNa 137meq/l: systolic 147.29 ± 22.22, diastolic 77.85 ± 12.82 DNa 140meq/l: systolic 151.48 ± 25.65, diastolic 79.66 ± 15.78 (p = 0.569, 0.621 respectively). ConclusionThere was no significant difference in the interdialytic weight gain as well as pre dialysis and post dialysis systolic and diastolic blood pressures between the two groups. Therefore, using a lower dialysate sodium concentration does not appear useful in altering the interdialytic weight gain although further studies with a larger sample size are warranted.
Time Course Analysis of Age-Gender Effect on Severity of COVID-19 Outbreak in Spain and Italy
Authors: Niedostatek Marta , Valsecchi Maria , Cannistraci Carlo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Several data science studies have analysed the gender effect on COVID19 with at least one of these limitations: 1) missing comparison across countries; 2) data not age-stratified; 3) analysis based on single date of epidemic period instead of time-course; 4) few variables analysed; 5) gender bias not adjusted by country’s population in that strata. Here, we address these limitations. A wide range of variables on the severity of COVID-19 in relation to gender and age, are analysed over an extended time course from March 2020 to when data are publicly available. Spanish and Italian data only are considered because they are the unique open access data to be comprehensive and harmonized according to a comparable format. Altogether our findings offer two key evidence-driven recommendations. First, since data collection is disharmonic across Europe, the creation of a European institute for standards in biomedical data collection could play a crucial role for fast open-source dissemination and analysis of harmonized data, which in turn could foster rapid and coordinated decision making in emergency periods. Second, since COVID-19 severity particularly impacts 60+ males, containing interventions might be more age/gender-adaptive and, to increase effectiveness and efficiency, focus to contrast contagion of these categories at risk.
High Security Optical Encryption based on Sweeping Computational Ghost Imaging
Authors: Rajabi-ghaleh Sajjad , Olyaeefar Babak , Kheradmand Reza , Ahmadi-kandjani Sohrab 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A method for the optical data encryption and decryption based on the sweeping computational ghost imaging is proposed. This method is governed on reconstructing the ghost imaging by one-by-one sweeping of rows or columns of the random generated matrices. Proposed encryption in this paper is deﬁned by these sweeping row and column matrices and basic mathematical operators between them. Introduced encryption can be employed as symmetric and asymmetric encryptions. In the symmetric system, cross-operator and the row and column matrices were assumed as private keys, deﬁning the four basic operators as decryption keys. Whereas, in the asymmetric system, permutation of three possible cases was considered as private keys, leaving cross-operator and row and column selection sequence as public keys. The number of pixel changing Rate (NPCR) as a parameter that evaluates the strength of image encryption versus differential attacks was calculated for each case which show high security data transfer to the user. In the asymmetric systems, even with eavesdropping 50% of data, no useful information was obtained from the image or data. In the symmetric systems, with eavesdropping 100% of data, no useful information was obtained by multiple attacking the encrypted data. Offered high security along with achievable high speeds and compact data packages classify sweeping computational ghost imaging among the best applicable methods for optical data encryption.
BMP7 Ameliorated Viral Myocardial Fibrosis by Inhibiting Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Xie Yeqing , Liao Jianquan , Yu Yong , Chen Ruizhen , Ding Xiaoqiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (Endo-MT) is associated with myocardial fibrosis in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (Endo-MT) is induced by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMVECs). Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) significantly inhibits Endo-MT and the progression of cardiac fibrosis. The study was aimed to investigate the effect and the underlying mechanism of BMP7 on Endo-MT in myocardial fibrosis induce by CVB3 infection in vivo. Methods: BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected by CVB3 to induce viral myocarditis (VMC). Mice were treated with BMP7 after CVB3 infection. Subsequently, all groups of mice were determined by echocardiography, histopathologic and molecular detection. Results: We found that the ratio of BMP7/TGF-β1 in mRNA levels was decreased obviously at different time points after CVB3 injection. BMP7 facilitated the recovery of cardiac function after CVB3 infection via inhibition of myocardial damage, collagen deposition. Double immunofluorescence staining indicated that Endo-MT was implicated in CVB3-induced myocardial fibrosis, which was attenuated by BMP7. The protein levels of pSmad3 and Smad4 were significantly upregulated in VMC group, as well as Wnt/β-catenin and the transcription factor snail. BMP7 treatment reversed the changes of these protein levels. Moreover, CO-IP demonstrated the crosstalk between β-catenin and Smad3 in VMC mice, which was downregulated by BMP7 treatment. Conclusions: These results indicated that BMP7 obviously ameliorated myocardial fibrosis in CVB3-infected mice via Endo-MT, which was involved in the TGF-β/Smad and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. β-Catenin/Smad3 interaction may be associated with Endo-MT in the development of viral myocardial fibrosis.