bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fear of child birth and associated factors among pregnant mothers who attend antenatal care service at Jinka public health facilities, Jinka town, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Yetwale Aynalem , Melkamu Eneyew 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWomen face many challenges from conception to postpartum and fear of childbirth is one of the challenges the women encounters during pregnancy. This could have been resulted from different perspectives and it could intern lead to various pregnancy and child birth problems. Thus, understanding child birth fear and factors associated with this is of paramount importance and this study was aimed at addressing this issue.MethodologyA facility base cross sectional study was done on 423 pregnant mothers who came for antenatal care services at Jinka hospital and Jinka health center. The study was conducted from June 01 to 30, 2018. Sample size was calculated using single population proportion formula and samples was taken after proportional allocation was done for the hospital and health center using proportion allocation formula. Individual participants were selected with systematic sampling technique using k- value of 2 for both the hospital and health center and the first participant was selected by lottery method from the first two samples. Data were entered in to epi-data version 3.1.1.and exported in to statistical packages for social sciences version 21.0 for cleaning and further analysis. Level of significance was declared at p-value less than 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression model. Narratives, figure and tables were used to put the result.ResultFrom 423 samples, two of the questionnaires were incomplete and thus 421 were used for analysis giving a response rate of 99.5%. Around a quarter of 102 (24.2%) mothers had fear of child birth and the remaining 319 (75.8%) had no fear of child birth. From the factors under consideration, history of previous pregnancy complication, previous history of labor and delivery complications, educational status and depression status were significantly associated with mother’s fear of child birth.ConclusionEven though it is physiological to have some fear of child birth, the figure obtained is relatively higher. Factors found to have significant effect on child birth fear are those which could be tackled through improved health literacy and integrated maternal health services
RNA interference targeting UL25 gene as a gene therapy approach against BHV-1 virus
Authors: Mokhtari Azam , Amjadimanesh Elaheh , Saffar Behnaz , Shams Sahand 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent decades RNAi has become a novel and effective tool to silence gene expression. The expression of shRNAs against target genes has now become a standard and powerful strategy for antiviral therapeutic approaches. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a domestic and wild ruminant viral disease that caused by bovine herpesvirus-1. Occasionally, its entry into the herd may cause vigorous economic damage due to losing weight, reduced output and limitation on livestock international trade. Vaccines against the disease are not fully effective and the need for an effective therapeutic approach is highly felt. In the present study an RNAi- based gene therapy was designed and implemented. Due to the essential role of UL25 gene for BHV-1 replication.Method: the sequence of UL25 gene was purposed for designing shRNA molecules. The UL25 gene sequence was extracted from the NCBI database and suitable shRNA molecules were purposed by using online soft wares. Three recombinant lentiviral vectors expressing short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) versus the UL25 gene of IBRV were constructed and co-transfected into HEK 293T cells. The effectiveness of designed shRNA molecules was assayed by calculating TCID50 titers and observation of BHV-1 cytopathic effects. Results: The final calculations showed that all shRNAs had antiviral effects. In the TCID50 test, the shRNAs 1, 2 and 3 sufficiently decreased BHV1 output in comparison with the control groups (almost 98.22%, 99.63% and 99.54%, respectively than cells with IBRV inoculation and nearly 90.84%, 97.9% and 96.84%, respectively than cells with ORFV and scrambled vector inoculation). ShRNA-2 achieved maximal inhibition of viral replication. Conclusion: The results indicated that shRNAs targeting the UL25 gene showed considerable antiviral attributes and reduced IBRV multiplication in MDBK cells. In conclusion; RNA interference can be used as a gene therapy instrument against BHV-1 virus.
Silencing NDC80, RAD21 and BUB1B ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells
Authors: Zhang Bin , Guan Yueyan , Liu Weixiao , Guo Wei , Peng Peng , Xing Cong , Huang Jingyuan , Sun Chao , Ruan Wendong , Ning Guangzhi , Kong Xiaohong , Feng Shi-Qing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a commonly occurring musculoskeletal disorder, which is closely associated with low back pain. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that dysregulated genes expression profiles play important roles in pathogenesis of IVDD. Hence, the current study was aimed to identify key genes to understand underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targets of IVDD.
Methods

Microarray datasets of GSE34095, GSE63492 and GSE45856 were downloaded to identify the hub genes that participate in the IVDD pathogenesis. After establishment of rat IVDD models, the expressions of NDC80, BUB1B and RAD21 in rat IVDD samples were evaluated by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunochemistry. Subsequently, we assessed the proliferation, cycle and apoptosis of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells that transfected with siRNA-NDC80, siRNA-BUB1B and siRNA-RAD21.
Results

Our results showed indicated that NDC80, BUB1B and RAD21 were the key pathogenic genes with higher expression in IVDD rats, and silencing of NDC80, BUB1B and RAD21 gene could promote the aggrecan and collagen II synthesis, cell cycle and proliferation of NP cells, and inhibit NP cells apoptosis.
Conclusion

Our study suggests that silencing NDC80, RAD21 and BUB1B genes ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration by promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells.
High Number of RNA Copies in Asymptomatic Individuals Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in an Area of the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Mattar Salim , Martinez-Bravo Caty , Rivero Ricardo , Contreras Hector , Faccini_Martinez Alvaro , Guzman Camilo , Galeano Ketty , Alvis Nelson , Contreras Veronica , Arrieta German , Gonzalez Marco , Miranda Jorge , Ospina Martha , Camargo-Assis Francisco , Mercado-Reyes Marcela , Garay Evelyn , Garcia-Perez Alejandra , Lopez Yesica , Tique Vaneza 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging pandemical virus that has caused millions of reported cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths in less than six months. South America has suffered the pandemic because it lacks the hospital and economic capacities needed to contain the pandemic's advance. Public health implications of transmission, while asymptomatic is a critical concern at the current pandemic.Objective: Describe the socio-demographic, clinical, and viral kinetics features of a cohort of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals from the Colombian Caribbean.Methods: Six hundred eighty-six clinical samples from several hospital centers in the province were received between April 9th and May 16th, 2020. RNA was extracted using lysis buffers and spin columns. The samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR (Reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction) using commercially available multiplex real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection of 3 target genes of SARS-CoV-2 (AllplexTM, 2019-nCoV assay, Korea). Viral copies quantification was done using a standard curve constructed from seriated dilutions of a SARS-CoV-2 positive control.Results: Thirty-five nasopharyngeal samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection; the average age was 43 (range, 1-95 years). Seventeen of 35 (49%) of the patients showed symptoms. Most of them had cough, fever, and odynophagia, 3 of the patients reported having arthralgia. Only two patients required hospitalization. None of the patients had known co-morbidities. RT-qPCR results show that two of the symptomatic patients had significantly higher RNA copies than the rest of the patients. Eighteen of 35 (51%) individuals were asymptomatic, the average age was 30 (range, 6-61 years. Four individuals showed a higher copy than some symptomatic patients. Nonetheless, the average of RNA copies 8.26 x10+10 was lower than the symptomatic.Conclusions: the population studied was young with an average of 43 years in symptomatic and 30 years of asymptomatic; this is important because of the high impact in the economy, and probably it is the cause of the reduced lethality observed in the department. Because a large proportion of infections probably result from transmission from asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic persons, the usefulness of public health interventions in Colombian provinces should be based in the molecular screening in a vast conglomerate's population and to quantify the viral load.
Male partners' participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness in global south: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Boltena Minyahil Tadesse , Kebede Abraham Sahlemichael , El-Khatib Ziad , Asamoah Benedict Oppong , Boltena Andualem Tadesse , Tyae Hawult , Yeshambaw Melese , Shargie Mulatu Biru 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The lower priority given for involving male partners in birth preparedness and complication readiness contributes to the poor maternal and neonatal health outcomes. Male partners in low- and middle-income countries determine women’s access to and affordability of health services and directly influence their health outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis determine the pooled magnitude of the male partner’s participation in birth preparedness and complication readiness in the global south.Methods: Literature published in the English language from 2004 to 2019 was retrieved using appropriate search terms on Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, CINHAL, Scopus, and Embase. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI) was used for critical appraisal of studies. A pooled statistical meta-analysis was conducted using STATA Version 14.0 software. The heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I2 statistics and Egger’s test, respectively. Duval and Tweedie's nonparametric trim and fill analysis using the random-effect analysis. The Random effects model was used to estimate the summary prevalence of BPCR and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: 12 studies and 4210 participants were included. The overall pooled result showed 52.3% of male partners of pregnant women and nursing mothers were prepared for birth and its complications. Forty-nine percent of male partners saved money for delivery and 40.5% of them identified skilled birth attendants, and 55% of male partners saved money for birth or its complication. Only 42.1% of male partners arranged transportation and 59.8% of them identified the place of birth. Only 18.9% of male partners identified a potential blood donor for emergency cases of childbirth and postpartum complication.Conclusions: A low proportion of male partners of pregnant women and nursing mothers were prepared for childbirth and its complications. Countries in the global south region should review their health care policies and design strategies to improve the birth preparedness and complication readiness practice among male partners of pregnant women and nursing mothers.
Randomised Study of The Effectiveness Of A Training Programme In Everyday Cognition In Older Adults
Authors: Gómez Celia Sánchez , Rodríguez Eduardo José Fernández 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Everyday cognition is the application of basic cognitive skills and knowledge of the specific domain for the resolution of problems that are integrated within the instrumental domains of functioning. The main objective to evaluate the effectiveness of a Training Programme in Everyday Cognition in order to improve the levels of everyday cognition and global cognitive performance in older adults.Methods: Experimental, randomised, stratified, prospective, longitudinal study using a fixed-assignment parallel scheme with an experimental group and a control group. The sample was composed of healthy older adults. The intervention of the experimental group consisted of an Everyday Cognition Training Programme, and the intervention of the control group consisted of a Traditional Cognitive Psycho-stimulation Programme. The Rapid Assessment of Cognitive Functions test (ERFC, for its acronym in French) and the Everyday Cognition Battery test (ECB) were used for the assessment.Results: Total sample (n=237) composed of 44 men and 223 women, with a mean age of 73.45 years. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) were observed between both groups in both the ECB and the ERFC variables.Conclusion: The use of a Daily Cognition Training Programme presents greater benefits in terms of both global cognitive performance and everyday cognition than the use of a Traditional Cognitive Psycho-stimulation Programme in elderly adults.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04041999 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04041999)Retrospectively registered.
Phenotype of Very-Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Interleukin-10 Receptor A Mutations in 22 Chinese Children
Authors: Guan Dexiu , Zhang Jing , Guo Shu , Yu Feihong , Zhou Jin , Wang Guoli , Xu Xiwei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: Very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) with onset in infancy may be caused by genetic mutation. We collected the VEO-IBD patients with interleukin-10 receptor A (IL-10RA) gene mutations to investigate the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics.Methods: The data of 22 patients with VEO-IBD with IL-10RA gene mutations were retrospectively analyzed, and high-throughput sequencing was used to identify IL-10RA gene mutations.Results: All 22 patients in this study had IL-10RA gene mutations, including 4 (18.2%) homozygous mutations and 18 (81.8%) compound heterozygous mutations. Among these mutations, 10 mutations had been previously described and 1 novel mutation was identified. In these patients, c.C301T (p.R101W) (86.4%, 19/22) and c.G537A (p.T179T) (36.4%, 8/22) mutations were the most common mutations. This study showed that the patients had extremely early onset of symptoms, about 81.8% (18/22) of the patients had onset within 1 month after birth, and the onset time was 8.5 (IQR: 3.0–24.0) days. In addition, 77.3% (17/22) of patients had recurrent perianal lesions. Oral ulcers and skin rash were common extra-intestinal manifestations, accounting for 72.7% (16/22) and 63.6% (14/22), respectively. In this study, 3 patients underwent enterostomy and 1 patient experienced intestinal perforation repair. Umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) and thalidomide proved efficacious. Follow-up showed the mortality rate was as high as 45% (9/20).Conclusions: We should consider the genetic defects in the IL-10 signaling pathway in VEO-IBD patients, particularly when they had early onset of symptoms, perianal lesions and severe colitis.
Effect of Early Oseltamivir on COVID-19-Suspected Outpatients without Hypoxia.
Authors: Chiba Satoru 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Since December 2019, COVID-19 （corona virus disease 2019） outbreaks has occurred in China and many countries around the world. We evaluate the effectiveness of oseltamivir on COVID-19-suspected outpatients without hypoxia.Methods: We studied 13 COVID-19-suspected medical staffs and their cohabitation families without hypoxia, who came to our adult fever clinic from March to May 2020. All patients received antiviral therapy (oseltamivir) and antibacterial therapy together. Results: Most of the infected patients were female (8 [62%]); less than half had diabetes (one [8%]) and hypertension (three [23%]). Median age was 45 years (IQR 26–53). Oseltamivir administration made the temperature fall within 24 hours in part (8 [62%]). Clinical data were compared between patients receiving early treatment (ET) with oseltamivir, initiated within 24 hours, and patients administered late treatment (LT), initiated after this time point. Duration of fever was shorter in the ET group than in the LT group (33±24 versus 94±38 hours; p<0.01). The time from fever onset to treatment initiation correlated with duration of fever (r = 0.74; p<0.01) and the time from peak to decline (r = 0.55; p<0.05). Conclusions: Our ﬁndings suggest that early oseltamivir administration may lower the duration of fever in COVID-19-suspected outpatients without hypoxia when it is used in combination with antibacterial therapy.
Uniplanar cannulated pedicle screws in the correction of Lenke type 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)
Authors: Zhao Yiwei , Liu Wubo , Yuan Suomao , Tian Yonghao , Liu Xinyu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In the present study, we reported the clinical use of uniplanar cannulated pedicle screws for the correction of Lenke type 1 adolescent Idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), and its safety and clinical outcomes were also evaluated.
Methods
68 patients with Lenke type 1 AIS were included, among which 38 patients were treated with uniplanar cannulated screws at the concave side of periapical levels and multiaxial screws at the other levels (group A). Moreover, the remaining 30 patients were treated with all multiaxial screws (group B). The preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters of the Lenke type 1 AIS, axial vertebral rotation, and the safety of the pedicle screws were evaluated by X-rays and computed tomography (CT).
Results
Preoperative data was comparable between two groups. The postoperative proximal thoracic (PT) curve, main thoracic (MT) curve, thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curve, and apical vertebral rotation were significantly improved compared with the preoperative data. The coronal correction rates in group A and B were 83% and 81.9%, respectively (P > 0.05). The derotation rates in group A and B were 60.8% and 43.2%, respectively (P < 0.05). The rotation classification in the group A was also better compared with the group B. The misplacement rate in group A and B was 7.9% and 11.8%, respectively (P < 0.05), and the total misplacement rate on the concave side (11.4%) was higher than that of convex side (8.4%). The lateral perforation was found at the concave side, while the medial perforation was found at the convex side. On the concave side, the misplacement rate in group A and B was 9.7% and 12.3%, respectively (P < 0.05). The grades 2 and 3 perforations were three (3.5%) in the group A and eight (8.2%) in the group B (P < 0.05). On the convex side, the misplacement rate in group A and B was 5.9% and 11.1%, respectively (P < 0.05). The grades 2 and 3 perforations were one (0.9%) in the group A and four (4.4%) in the group B (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Collectively, uniplanar cannulated pedicle screws could effectively increase the accuracy of pedicle screws and facilitate the derotation of the apical vertebra compared with the multiaxial pedicle screws.
Trial registration
retrospectively registered
Gastrointestinal perforation in anti-NXP2 antibody-associated juvenile dermatomyositis: Case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Xu Yingjie , Ma Xiaolin , Zhou Zhixuan , Li Jianguo , Huo jun , Zhu Jia , Kang Min , Lai Jianming , Li Xiaohui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To summarize the characteristics of gastrointestinal (GI) perforation in anti-NXP2 antibody-associated juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Methods: Five patients with GI perforation from a JDM cohort of 120 cases are described. Relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Five patients, including 4 females and 1 male, were involved in the study. The average age of the 5 patients was 5.74 years (5.74 ±2.82). Myositis-specific antibody (MAS) spectrum analysis indicated that the five patients were anti-NXP2 antibody positive. The initial symptoms of GI perforation were progressive abdominal pain and intermittent fever. Two patients also presented with ureteral calculus with hydronephrosis and ureteral stricture. Surgery was performed in four patients, which was successful in only one patient through fistulization. Four patients died (4/5, 80%), and 1 patient was completely relieved after 2 years of treatment. Combined with 16 patients described in the literature, the onset symptom was progressive abdominal pain, which often occurred within 10 months after JDM was diagnosed. Perforation most often occurred in the duodenum, although perforations at multiple sites or recurrent perforations also occurred. The mortality rate of GI perforation in JDM was 38% (8/21). Conclusions: All perforation cases subjected to MAS analysis were anti-NXP2 antibody positive. The onset symptom was abdominal pain. The most common site of perforation was the duodenum in the retroperitoneum, and the lack of acute abdominal manifestations complicated early diagnosis. GI perforation is a fatal complication in JDM, and early diagnosis is very important. More research is needed to determine the pathogenesis and predictive factors of GI perforation in JDM.
Study on Heavy Metal Pollution Characteristics and its Health Risk Assessment from Sludge of Sewage Treatment Plants in Industrial Parks
Authors: Han Xiuyan , Cao Tianyi , Sun Tao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

In order to study the characteristics of heavy metal pollution from sludge in industrial parks and the effective methods of health risk assessment, in this paper, the pollution characteristics of eight heavy metals including Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg, Cr, Ni, As, Cd in sludge of sewage treatment plants in Nanjing MV Industrial Park were comprehensively evaluated and compared by using Nemerow Index Method, Muller Index Method and Matter element extension method. On this basis, the health risk assessment models of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic heavy metals were constructed, and the health risks caused by four kinds of non-carcinogenic heavy metals Pb, Zn, Cu, Hg and four kinds of carcinogenic heavy metals Cr, As,Cd, Nicontained in sludge were evaluated by using the practical data of Nanjing Industrial Park.
Results

According to the evaluation results of heavy metal pollution characteristics in sludge of sewage treatment plants in Nanjing MV Industrial Park, the order of different pollution levels under different assessment methods is as follows: the level of the Nemerow Index Method assessment was low, the level of the Muller Index Method assessment was high, and the level of Grey Clustering Method assessment was relatively moderate. In the health risk assessment of heavy metals, the results showed that the order of effects of non-carcinogenic heavy metals on health risk ranged from large to small was: Hg, Cu, Pb, and Zn, and the health risk of non-carcinogenic heavy metal in children was much higher than that in adults. Similarly, the order of effects of carcinogenic heavy metal health risk ranged from large to small was Cd, Cr, Ni and As, and the health risk of carcinogenic heavy metal in children was slightly lower than that in adults.
Conclusions

It can be seen that there is a certain degree of heavy metal pollution in the sludge of the sewage treatment plant in Nanjing MV Industrial Park, which affects the environmental quality in the park and the health risks of residents. This study verifies the assessment method of the heavy metal pollution characteristics and health risk is effective, and its research results have a guiding role in the management of heavy metal pollution in the sludge of the sewage treatment plant in Nanjing MV Industrial Park. It also has significant theoretical support for the government to formulate the eco-environmental quality standards and related policies of industrial parks.