bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus Abundances in the Hyades and Galactic Disk
Authors: Maas Z. G. , Cescutti G. , Pilachowski C. A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We have measured phosphorus abundances in nine disk stars between −1 < [Fe/H] < –0.5 and in 12 members of the Hyades open cluster using two P I lines at 1.06 μm. High-resolution infrared spectra were obtained using Phoenix on Gemini South and abundances were determined by comparing synthetic spectra to the observations. The average abundance for the dwarf stars in our Hyades sample was <[P/Fe]> = –0.01 ± 0.06 and

dex for the three giants. The consistency suggests that abundances derived using the 1.06 μm P I lines are not subjected to temperature- or luminosity-dependent systematic effects at high metallicities. Our [P/Fe] ratios measured in disk stars are consistent with chemical evolution models with P yields increased by a factor of 2.75. We find that [P/O], [P/Mg], [P/Si], and [P/Ti] ratios are consistent with the solar ratio over a range of −1.0 < [Fe/H] < 0.2 with the [P/Si] ratio increasing by ∼0.1–0.2 dex at the lowest [Fe/H] ratios. Finally, the evolution of [P/Fe] with age is similar to other α elements, providing evidence that P is produced at the same sites.
Les violences dans les espaces publics touchent surtout les jeunes femmes des grandes villes
Authors: Lebugle Amandine , l’équipe de l’enquête Virage  
Published: November 2019

Un quart des femmes interrogées dans l’enquête Virage ont déclaré avoir subi au moins une violence dans les espaces publics au cours des douze derniers mois. Sur cent femmes, vingt ont mentionné avoir été sifflées au moins une fois. Viennent ensuite les insultes (8 %), le fait d’avoir été suivie (3 %), le pelotage accompagné parfois de baisers forcés (2 %), puis les propositions sexuelles insistantes (1 %), et l’exhibitionnisme ou le voyeurisme (1 %). Les agressions sexuelles sont les plus fréquentes dans les espaces publics. C’est là que 7,9 % des femmes et 2,2 % des hommes en ont subi une à un moment ou un autre de leur vie - le plus souvent du pelotage ou des attouchements du sexe. Les viols et tentatives de viols dans ces espaces concernent 0,9 % des femmes et 0,3 % des hommes âgés de 20 à 69 ans.
Red Dog, Alaska
Authors: Koehler George F. , Tikkanen George D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Red Dog is a world-class zinc-lead-silver deposit, with current geologic reserves of 85 million tons of 17 percent Zn, 5 percent Pb, and 2.4 oz Ag per ton. It is located above the Arctic circle in northwestern Alaska, 90 mi north of Kotzebue.
The partially exposed deposit is a shale-hosted, strata-bound accumulation of base metal sulfides, barite, and silica of high grade and large extent. It is now approximately flat lying, with an areal extent of 4,400 by 1,400 ft and a thickness of up to 500 ft.
During regional mapping of the western Brooks Range in 1968, the U. S. Geological Survey discovered zinc, lead, silver, and barite mineralization in a discolored area reported by a local bush pilot. The showings were included in a wilderness study withdrawal in 1971; contractor evaluation of this area under the direction of the U. S. Bureau of Mines identified and reported the deposit in 1975. Cominco geologists working in the region quickly mobilized to examine the area and immediately recognized its significance.
The positive report by an experienced geologic staff carried great weight within Cominco and was the key action which led to a corporate team effort involving Cominco’s geologic staff, management, and financial, legal, and chief executive officers. This eventually resulted in acquisition of the mining rights and the current development of what will soon be one of the world’s largest zinc-lead-silver producers.
A Case History of the Development of the Misima Gold-Silver Mine, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Wilson G. I. , Barwick R. C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The development of a major open-pit mining operation at the epithermal Umuna gold-silver deposit, Misima Island, Papua New Guinea, by Misima Mines Pty. Ltd. was the culmination of over 80 years of prospecting and mining ventures by a wide variety of individuals and mining companies.
The Umuna deposit was located by traditional prospecting methods in 1904. The deposit was first sluiced and then its high-grade component, the Umuna lode, was developed as a small underground mine, which was run successfully by F. W. Cuthbert from 1927 until 1942, when World War II forced its closure. This resulted in the collapse of mine workings, and no serious mining was possible in the immediate postwar period.
Systematic modern exploration by a number of mining companies began in 1959, initially to continue exploration for extensions of high-grade ore by underground mining but, when this was unsuccessful, to pursue general exploration of eastern Misima Island. The latter work resulted in the location of a subeconomic copper porphyry system, which may be genetically related to the epithermal Umuna gold-silver mineralization.
It was not until 1977 that serious exploration of the Umuna deposit, based on the concept of bulk open-pit mining of the deposit, commenced in a joint venture between R. P. Macnab and Placer (PNG) Pty. Ltd. The work revealed a unique combination of geologic and physical factors that allowed development of a 15,000-metric tons-of-ore-per-day open-pit operation, which commenced in May 1989.
This case history briefly describes the geology, mineralization, and historical development of the Umuna deposit and the process of feasibility study and negotiation with the government of Papua New Guinea which led to a mining development agreement and the grant of a special mining lease.
Copper-Nickel Sulfide Ore-Bearing Formations
Authors: Duzhikov O.A. , Distler V. V. , Strunin B. M. , Cherman M.L. , Sluzhenikin S.F. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The sulfide copper-nickel deposits of the Noril’sk region (Noril’sk I, Talnakh, Octyabrskaya) were formed during the late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic episode of basaltic extrusion. Spatially and genetically they are related to a group of ultramafic/mafic layered intrusions, and they consist of different types of ores that were formed at different stages. The history of the study of the Noril ‘sk deposits can be considered as a half-century succession of discussions devoted to the source of the ore materials and to the conditions of formation of the mineralization. The most reliable genetic hypothesis is that of the primary magmatic nature of the ore formation as originally proposed by V.K. Kotulsky and M.N. Godlevsky.
The copper-nickel deposits of the Noril’sk region are attributed to the development of a volcanic-intrusive ore-magmatic association. On the basis of their overall geologic-petrologic characteristics and structural-tectonic setting [28], these deposits can be regarded as an independent event. The major distinguishing characteristic of these deposits is the interconnected development of the ultramafic/mafic and similar (with respect to composition) komatiitic volcanic rocks and layered intrusive complexes which contain disseminated and massive copper-nickel mineralization. The deposits were formed at particular stages in the development of cratons and ancient platforms, and they occur in regions of intercontinental rifting. The major ore-bearing locations in the greenstone belts of Archean cratons (such as Wiluna-Norseman in Australia, the Rhodesian craton in Zimbabwe etc.), the deposits of the Pechenga ore-bearing region in the Pechenga-Imandra-Varzuga belt of the Baltic shield; and the Noril’sk ore-bearing
Porphyry Copper Ore Formation
Authors: Strunin B.M. , Distler V.V. , Mkrtychyan A.K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Porphyry copper mineralization in the Noril’sk region is an unusual example of the occurrence of this ore type within an ancient platform. Such a spatial setting of these deposits makes one cautious in interpreting the tectonic regime of the boundary portion of the platform, because the majority of porphyry., copper deposits are characterized by certain specific types of geological-tectonic setting [69, 107]. We have already mentioned the important contribution of the tectono-magmatic activity of the platform in the distribution of the endogenic mineralization in the northwestern part of the Siberian platform. However the rifting nature of this activity, with the extensive development of ore deposits related to basic magmatism, is also not typical of porphyry copper deposits, although some scientists believe that these deposits are related to trap magmatism. This point of view is based on the fact that granitoid rocks, which are part of the rock sequences of the layered massifs, are widespread in the upper near-contact zones of some ultramafic/mafic intrusions.
Thus the study of the structure and the systematics of the localization of the porphyry copper deposits in the Noril’sk region is of utmost importance, not only for the interpretation of this type of mineralization but also for understanding the overall development of the whole region.
The Bolgokhtokhsky massif was discovered as a result of exploration in 1965. The first information was published by M.Z. Komarova [65], who demonstrated its similarity with certain small intrusions of Southern Taimyr. Later, the author continued a study on the
Costs and Outcomes of Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yayac Michael F. , Harrer Samantha L. , Janiec David A. , Courtney P. Maxwell 
Published: November 2019

Introduction:
Medicare Advantage (MA) has increased popularity among eligible participants by providing additional benefits from a private insurer, but these plans are omitted from several government cost savings programs, including bundled payment models. The purpose of this study was to determine whether 90-day episode-of-care (EOC) costs and outcomes were different for patients with MA plans undergoing total joint arthroplasty compared with traditional Medicare patients.

Methods:
We reviewed claims data for a consecutive series of patients undergoing primary total hip and knee arthroplasty from 2015 to 2018 at our institution with traditional Medicare coverage or MA through a single private insurer. Demographics, comorbidities, 90-day costs, readmissions, complications, and discharge disposition were compared between the groups. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine the independent effect of insurance status on EOC costs and outcomes.

Results:
Of the 10,869 patients in the study, 1,076 (9.9%) were covered under an MA plan. MA patients were more likely to be discharged to a rehabilitation facility (19% versus 14%, P < 0.0001). No significant differences were observed in length of stay (1.88 versus 1.88 days, P = 0.1439), complications (3.9% versus 3.5%, P = 0.4554), or readmissions (5.9% versus 4.9%, P = 0.1893). EOC costs were significantly higher for the MA group ($21,347 versus $19,551, P < 0.0001).

Discussion:
Patients with MA have higher total EOC costs than traditional Medicare beneficiaries with comparable short-term outcomes after total hip and knee arthroplasty. Further study is needed to determine whether alternative payment models in MA patients can improve care and reduce costs.
A A Canadian consensus forum on the management of patients with advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Saad Fred , Canil Christina , Finelli Antonio , Hotte Sebastien J. , Malone Shawn , Shayegan Bobby , So Alan I. , Aaron Lorne , Basappa Naveen S. , Conter Henry J. , Danielson Brita , Gotto Geoffrey , Hamilton Robert J. , Izard Jason P. , Kapoor Anil , Kolinsky Michael , Lalani Aly-Khan A. , Lattouf Jean-Baptiste , Morash Christopher , Morgan Scott C. , Niazi Tamim , Noonan Krista L. , Ong Michael , Rendon Ricardo A. , Sehdev Sandeep , Hew Huong , Park-Wyllie Laura , Chi` Kim N. 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The management of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) continues to evolve with the emergence of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. As a result, there are multiple areas in this landscape with a lack of high-level evidence to guide practice. Consensus initiatives are an approach to establishing practice guidance in areas where evidence is unclear. We conducted a Canadian-based consensus forum to address key controversial areas in the management of advanced PCa.
Methods: As part of a modified Delphi process, a core scientific group of PCa physicians (n=8) identified controversial areas for discussion and developed an initial set of questions, which were then reviewed and finalized with a larger group of 29 multidisciplinary PCa specialists. The main areas of focus were non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC), metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC), metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), oligometastatic prostate cancer, genetic testing in prostate cancer, and imaging in advanced prostate cancer. The predetermined threshold for consensus was set at 74% (agreement from 20 of 27 participating physicians).
Results: Consensus participants included uro-oncologists (n=13), medical oncologists (n=10), and radiation oncologists (n=4). Of the 64 questions, consensus was reached in 30 questions (n=5 unanimously). Consensus was more common for questions related to biochemical recurrence, sequencing of therapies, and mCRPC.
Conclusions: A Canadian consensus forum in PCa identified areas of agreement in nearly 50% of questions discussed. Areas of variability may represent opportunities for further research, education, and sharing of best practices. These findings reinforce the value of multidisciplinary consensus initiatives to optimize patient care.
On the Eve of Web-Harvesting and Web-Archiving for Libraries in Greece
Authors: Bottis Maria , Papadopoulos Marinos , Zampakolas Christos , Ganatsiou Paraskevi 
Published: November 2019

On the Eve of Web-Harvesting and Web-Archiving for Libraries in Greece
This conference paper submitted on the occasion of the 8th International Conference on Information Law and Ethics (University of Antwerp, December 13-14, 2018) that focused on modern intellectual property governance and openness in Europe elaborates upon the Text and Data Mining (TDM) issue in the field of scientific research, which is still-by the time of composition of this paper-in the process of discussion and forthcoming voting before the European Parliament in the form of provision(s) included in a new Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market. TDM is included in the proposal for a Directive of the European parliament and of the Council on copyright in the Digital Single Market-Proposal COM(2016)593 final 2016/0280(COD) that was submitted to the European Parliament.
Text and Data Mining in the EU ‘Acquis Communautaire’ Tinkering with TDM & Digital Legal Deposit
Authors: Bottis Maria , Papadopoulos Marinos , Zampakolas Christos , Ganatsiou Paraskevi 
Published: November 2019

Text and Data Mining in the EU ‘Acquis Communautaire’ Tinkering with TDM & Digital Legal Deposit
Text and Data Mining (hereinafter, TDM) issue for the purpose of scientific research or for any other purpose which is included in the provisions of the new EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (hereinafter, DSM). TDM is a term that includes Web harvesting and Web Archiving activities. Web harvesting and archiving pertains to the processes of collecting from the web and archiving of works that reside on the Web. In the following analysis we will elaborate briefly upon provisions in EU Copyright law which were discussed during the proposal for a new Directive on Copyright in the DSM as well as provisions which are included in the text of art.3 and art.4 of the new Directive 2019/790/EU per TDM. In addition, the following analysis presents legislation in very few EU Member States which pertains to TDM and preceded the rulings of Directive 2019/790/EU. Digital legal deposit remarkable examples from EU Member States are also presented in this paper. The example of Australia is also presented below hereto because it is one of the oldest and most successful worldwide. The National Library of Australia’s digital legal deposit is state-of-the-art.
Modern Intellectual Property Governance and Openness in Europe: A Long and Winding Road?
Authors: Koutras Nikos 
Published: November 2019

Modern Intellectual Property Governance and Openness in Europe: A Long and Winding Road?
In the last decade a trend towards more ‘openness’ in terms of collaborations and access to knowledge has been observed in many different sectors and contexts. Along the spectrum of openness one can find many different varieties, such as open innovation, co-creation, open science (combined with open access and open data) and open source. Even traditionally rather ‘closed’ actors, such as publishing houses and the pharmaceutical industry, are gradually catching up and are trying to develop mechanisms to cope with this trend towards openness. Both public and private actors encounter challenges in combining this trend towards openness with the management of intellectual property rights (IPRs). Although a strong willingness may exist to collaborate, open up and share knowledge and data, IPRs often create boundaries and limitations towards cutting-edge collaborations and initiatives for openness and sharing. Over time, companies, universities, public research organisations, etc. have developed certain models to allow for openness while safeguarding ways to protect their IPRs. Yet the legal framework is often lagging behind and does not appear to reflect the socio-economic trend towards openness; in many jurisdictions, changes to IP legislation have rather focused on strengthening of the rights of IP owners. But this is not necessarily a problem as stakeholders tend to find workarounds in their day-to-day practice. This special issue aims to further the discussion about modern governance of IPRs in Europe and to explore different perspectives on how openness could be operationalised within the context of IP protection.
Accommodation Succession (δA/δS) Sequence Stratigraphy: Observational Method, Utility and Insights into Sequence Boundary Formation
Authors: Neal Jack E. , Abreu Vitor , Bohacs Kevin M. , Feldman Howard R. , Pederson Keriann H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sequence stratigraphy is a method to systematically place key stratal observations into a chronostratigraphic framework for more accurate predictions away from control points. The depositional sequence is its basic unit, defined as “a stratigraphic unit composed of a relatively conformable succession of genetically related strata and bounded at its top and base by unconformities or their correlative surfaces” (Abreu et al., 2014 modified from Mitchum et. al., 1977a), which forms as a result of transgressions and regressions. Sequence stratigraphy is first and foremost a method that guides observations in the stratigraphic record across an array of depositional settings, stratal attributes, and data sets, explicitly recognizing that the stratigraphic record is comprised of both rocks and surfaces in various forms. These observations are then summarized in models that generalize details to facilitate prediction away from data control points. For completeness, sometimes the models are interpreted in terms of mechanisms (e.g., eustasy, climate, etc.) that may help explain observations and enhance prediction. The accommodation succession method of sequence stratigraphy (Neal and Abreu, 2009) assumes that these building blocks form in response to varying rates of coastal accommodation increase and decrease (δΑ) relative to the rate of sediment flux (δS).
Sequence Stratigraphy and Sea Level. A Marine Quaternary Perspective
Authors: Ridente Domenico 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sequence stratigraphy arose as a paradigm in stratigraphy following the introduction of the seismic method and its integration with genetic concepts linking seismic attributes to sedimentary dynamics. In its early shape, the sequence stratigraphy model was essentially rooted on the assumption that sea level cycles, in the form of basin-scale events, controlled the origin of depositional sequences. This founding assumption was vital for any revised version of sequence stratigraphy willing to maintain the status of “paradigm” and required evidence for “sequential” arrangement of progradational–aggradational–retrogradational patterns primarily governed by relative sea level.
Marine Quaternary stratigraphy provides plain evidence of such basin-scale sea-level control, albeit resulting in sequence shape and overall architecture substantially different from those of the basic sequence stratigraphy model. These differences have been settled by conceiving Quaternary sequences as atypical cases, commonly estranged from the debate on model refining. A reversal of this approach may be insightful, since Quaternary successions can be referred to sea-level curves of known periodicity and amplitude, in contrast with the older stratigraphy from which the basic model was derived.
Quaternary sequences indicate that the predominance of sea level (over other environmental factors) in shaping sequences depends on the duration of the full cycle and composing phases, scaled to its amplitude. Therefore, different sequence architectures may not represent fundamentally different models but rather a different balance between the main parameters of cycle duration, sea-level amplitude, and sedimentation rates. Changes in this balance may shift between end-member scenarios, ranging from greatly sea level-dominated (as in the Quaternary) to supply-dominated (as in large delta environments of pre-Quaternary greenhouse periods). This interpretative key allows us to explore different contexts all within a comprehensive model in which the control of sea level can vary significantly yet still coherently with the prediction potential of the model.