bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Caledonian biology teachers’ opinions about vaccination: Preliminary findings
Authors: Frayon Stephane 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Vaccine hesitancy is increasing worldwide and the World Health Organisation has declared it to be one of the 10 threats for global health in 2019. Lack of confidence in vaccines and fear of side effects seem to be the key reasons. Education may help restore confidence, and middle and high school biology teachers may have a particularly powerful role in countering vaccine hesitancy. The aim of this study was to compare biology teachers’ opinions about vaccination with those of other teachers. Design: Cross-sectional study. Method: An electronic survey was sent to middle and high school teachers in New Caledonia. A total of 280 participants were recruited: 110 biology teachers and 170 teachers of other subjects. Attitudes about three common vaccine controversies were measured using Likert-type scales. Results were analysed using multiple logistic regression. Results: Biology teachers showed greater confidence in their knowledge about vaccines than other teachers. In general, their opinions agreed more with scientific knowledge than those of the other teachers, despite some disparities depending on their specific sub-specialty. Highest university qualification obtained was not correlated with the opinions expressed about vaccines. Conclusion: Biology teachers may be better able to restore confidence about vaccines than other teachers. Additional training and information are needed however to allow them to transmit accurate information about vaccines to adolescents.
Analysis of the positional relationship between the left brachiocephalic vein and its surrounding vessels via computed tomography scan: A retrospective study
Authors: Mitsuoka Hiroki , Arima Takahiro , Ohmichi Yusuke , Naito Munekazu , Hagihara Makiyo , Nakano Takashi , Ishibashi Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2020

Objectives This study aimed to clarify the positional relationship between the left brachiocephalic vein and its surrounding vessels and to analyse the association between this positional relationship and ageing. Method Chest contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed for 100 adults. The contact number between left brachiocephalic vein and surrounding vessels (aorta, brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery) was determined. The correlations of ageing with the cross-sectional areas of left brachiocephalic vein crossing brachiocephalic artery and left common carotid artery and peripheral end of left brachiocephalic vein were analysed. Results LBV was in contact with aorta in 19, brachiocephalic artery in 97, left common carotid artery in 90 and left subclavian artery in 21 patients. There were significant negative correlations of ageing with the cross-sectional areas of left brachiocephalic vein crossing brachiocephalic artery and left common carotid artery and peripheral end of left brachiocephalic vein. Conclusions Brachiocephalic artery and left common carotid artery have easy contact with left brachiocephalic vein. There was a negative relationship between the cross-sectional area of left brachiocephalic vein and age.
A Framework of Simulation and Gaming for Enhancing Community Resilience Against Large-Scale Earthquakes: Application for Achievements in Japan
Authors: Toyoda Yusuke 
Published: January 2020

Background. The significance of mutual-help in communities for disaster management is a fundamental important concept. However, the current societal state does not reflect this lesson. S&G (Simulation and Gaming) has the potential to overcome the challenges faced in promoting community-based disaster management. No scientific research is currently present that reviews their achievements in Japan. Aim. This paper analyzes the current achievements of S&G in enhancing community resilience against large-scale earthquakes in Japan. Method. The paper clarifies the theoretical advantages of S&G in enhancing community resilience in coping and adaptive capacity plus proposes a conceptual contribution framework of S&G in improving community resilience. Based on this framework, the paper analyzes some major games that tackle community resilience against earthquakes in Japan. Results. The paper demonstrates the achievements through the S&G spectrum that stresses the disastrous experience with specific resilience views on one side, while decision making for critical reflection from other players with more comprehensive resilience views on the other side. Conclusion. The paper showcases the current S&G achievements in enhancing community resilience against large-scale earthquakes in Japan using the proposed framework, which can be utilized by other disaster-prone countries to develop and evaluate applications of S&G for increasing community resilience against earthquakes.
Ultrasound evaluation of percutaneously created arteriovenous fistulae between radial artery and perforating vein at the elbow
Authors: Franco Gilbert , Mallios Alexandros , Bourquelot Pierre , Jennings William , Boura Benoit 
Published: January 2020

Objective: To investigate the hemodynamics of percutaneous arteriovenous fistulae (pAVF) created between the proximal radial artery and the deep communicating vein of the elbow. Methods: Consecutive patients with a percutaneously created proximal radial artery to perforating vein arteriovenous fistulae were evaluated and compared with control patients with clinically well-functioning surgical wrist radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulae (sWRC-AVF). Results: Thirty-one patients with a pAVF (21 males – 68%, mean age: 62 years, range: 53–81), with mean follow-up of 254 days (range: 60–443) and 32 patients with a surgical fistula (20 males – 62%, mean age of 63 years, range: 30–84) were evaluated. Mean access flow and distribution range were similar in the two study groups, with a mean flow of 859 mL/min vs 919 mL/min, respectively. There was no significant difference in the mean radial artery diameter (4 mm vs 4.3 mm, p = 0.2). Statistically significant trends were observed for resistive index (0.57 pAVF vs 0.52 (0.07) and brachial vein cross-sectional area (13 pAVF vs 33 mm2, p = 0.06). The arteriovenous anastomosis area was significantly smaller with pAVFs (13 vs 43 mm2, p = 0.002) and the pressure difference between extremities was less for the pAVF group vs sWRC-AVF (19 vs 27 mm Hg, respectively, p = 0.03). Existence of single cephalic or basilic versus cephalic and basilic outflow did not affect vein maturation or overall flow. Conclusions: pAVF have a favourable hemodynamic profile with many similarities when compared with surgically created wrist fistulae. Cephalic and/or basilic vein matured with only minor outflow shunted to the deep venous system.
Non-randomized safety and performance evaluation of the av-Guardian vascular access system
Authors: Tan Chieh Suai , Tan Seck Guan , Wong Chi Leung Julian , Wee Bernard , Wong Weng Kin , Choke Edward Tieng Chek , Tan Ru Yu , Liu Peiyun , Homer-Vanniasinkam Shervanthi , Lau Titus , Choong Lina Hui Lin 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The ability to successfully cannulate the arteriovenous fistula reliably is a critical step in the delivery of hemodialysis therapy. The av-Guardian vascular access system (Advent Access, Singapore) is designed to overcome the technical barrier to establishing reliable blunt needle access in patients with mature arteriovenous fistula. Methods: This was a first-in-man, prospective, non-randomized trial (registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12617000501347)) performed to assess the safety and feasibility of achieving repeatable successful cannulation via av-Guardian vascular access system to facilitate blunt needling in patients with mature arteriovenous fistula. The primary endpoints of the study included rate of successful hemodialysis sessions via av-Guardian vascular access system cannulation over 3 months and safety of the implants. Results: A total of six patients (four patients with brachiocephalic and two with radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula) were enrolled in the study. A pair of av-Guardian vascular access system were implanted, one each at the arterial and venous cannulation sites, under local anesthesia. Overall, the rate of successful cannulation through the av-Guardian vascular access system over 3 months in 216 hemodialysis sessions was 98.1% (212/216) at the arterial site and 94.4% (204/216) at the venous site. Significantly, 90% and 85.5% of the cannulations at the arterial and venous site, respectively, were successful at first attempt. Blood flow rates within the arteriovenous fistula were unaffected by the devices. Conclusion: The results demonstrated the safety and feasibility of a subcutaneously implanted, extravascular device in achieving repeatable successful cannulation via a constant site, to facilitate blunt needling in matured arteriovenous fistula in limited number of patients.
Accuracy of GPS sport watches in measuring distance in an ultramarathon running race
Authors: Johansson Rebecca E , Adolph Steffen T , Swart Jeroen , Lambert Mike I 
Published: January 2020

Purpose The aim of the study was to determine the accuracy of various global positioning system (GPS) sport watches in measuring distance throughout a 56 km running race. Methods The measured distance between timing mats was compared to the reported distance of GPS devices at the 2017 Two Oceans Marathon. Runners (n = 255) were divided into eight different categories based on GPS sport watch brand and model. The difference between distance measured by GPS and race markers was represented in metres (m) and as a relative error (%). Results The Garmin Fenix and cell phone categories had higher errors in measuring distance from the 16 km to finish (56 km) point compared to all other devices, except for activity watches. Conclusions The GPS sport watches in this study have an accuracy of 0.6 ± 0.3% to 1.9 ± 1.5% (median ± interquartile range) in reporting distance covered. This indicates that GPS sport watches are a valid and feasible method for sport scientists and coaches to measure performance and track training load. However, the small error associated with each brand needs to be considered when data are interpreted.
Le développement d’une collaboration inter organisationelle durable en promotion de la santé : une analyse processuelle
Authors: Corriveau Anne-Marie , Dufour Yvon 
Published: January 2020

Résumé : En raison de l’éventail, de la diversité et de la complexité des déterminants de la santé, les bénéfices recherchés par les efforts de promotion ne peuvent généralement être générés sans la collaboration de plusieurs organisations. Toutefois, le développement d’une collaboration durable n’est pas facile. Cet article est le fruit d’une recherche empirique portant sur une collaboration durable en promotion de la santé. Les données ont été recueillies dans le cadre d’une étude longitudinale qui examine les principaux évènements qui ont marqué la collaboration au cours d’une période de vingt ans. L’analyse montre que la collaboration inter organisationnelle est un phénomène complexe digne de sa réputation, et elle invite les chercheurs comme les praticiens à distinguer les enjeux de la collaboration autour de projets spécifiques et ceux liés à ce que nous appelons la collaboration durable.
Long-Term Sinonasal Function Following Transnasal Pituitary Surgery: A Comparison of Surgical Approach
Authors: Cho Jemma , Grayson Jessica W. , Christensen Jenna , Winder Mark J. , Sheehy John , Steel Tim , Bentivoglio Peter , Barham Henry P. , McCormack Ann , Harvey Richard J. 
Published: January 2020

Background Surgical approaches to the pituitary have undergone significant changes from transcranial, sublabial, direct transnasal microscopic, and now endoscopic. This study compares sinonasal outcomes from patients from these techniques. Methods A cross-sectional study of patients who underwent pituitary surgery in a tertiary setting was conducted. Patients were recruited via phone, mail, e-mail, and in person. Surveys with questions on nasal function, subsequent nasal treatment, the Nasal Symptom Score (NSS), Sinonasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), Chronic Sinusitis Survey (CSS), and Short Form 36 version 2 (SF-36v2) were obtained. Results A total of 252 surveys were sent, of which 165 were returned (65.48% response rate) and 16 were excluded (3 records destroyed, 13 transcranial approach). A total of 149 patients (age 60.10 ± 13.99 years, 47.83% female) were assessed with the following breakdown: sublabial (n = 69), transnasal microscopic (n = 28), and endoscopic (n = 52) approaches. Sublabial and transnasal microscopic, compared to endoscopic, had more sinus treatment (30.43%, 39.29%, and 15.38%; P = .05), medication use (28.99%, 32.14%, and 11.54%; P = .04), and new allergy symptoms (21.74%, 7.14%, and 1.92%; P < .01). Compared to sublabial and transnasal microscopic, endoscopic patients had superior NSSs (0.40 [1.00], 0.60 [1.75], and 0.20 [0.60]; P = .05), SNOT-22 total scores (1.02 ± 0.58, 1.40 ± 0.78, and 1.00 ± 0.59; P < .01), and CSS medication subscores (100.00 [8.33], 100.00 [8.33], and 100.00 [0.00]; P = .03). Endoscopic patients also reported superior SF-36v2 physical subscores (44.02 ± 11.14, 41.13 ± 9.86, and 47.60 ± 10.12; P = .03). Conclusion Nasal function was superior, and further sinus therapy and medication use was lower in patients with endoscopic approaches. Disease-specific quality of life was superior and the endoscopic approach resulted in reduced long-term sinonasal morbidity.
Absorbable suture can be effectively and safely used to close the mesenteric defect in a gastric bypass Sprague-Dawley rat model
Authors: Yao Libin , Dolo Ponnie Robertlee , Shao Yong , Li Chao , Widjaja Jason , Hong Jian , Zhu Xiaocheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo observe if closing the mesenteric defect with absorbable sutures creates a safe adhesion compared to non-absorbable suture after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.MethodsRats were randomly assigned to 5 experimental groups according to the different suture materials used in closing the mesenteric defects (Peterson’s space) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Group A (control group), Group B (non-absorbable suture, Prolene suture), Group C (biological glue), Group D (non-absorbable suture, polyester suture) and Group E (absorbable suture). All rats were followed up for 8 weeks postoperatively and underwent laparotomy to observe the degree of adhesion and closure of the mesenteric defect.ResultsNo significant difference was found in the decrease in food intake and body weight among all groups. No internal hernia (IH) occurred in any group. The mesenteric defects of Group A remained completely visible without any closure or adhesion. Multiple gaps were found between the Prolene suture and the mesentery along the suture line in Group B. The mesenteric defects of Group C were complete closed with multiple adhesions of the small intestine and the greater omentum. The mesenteric defects in both Group D and Group E closed completely. The average adhesion scores in Group A and Group B were 0 and 0.33 ± 0.52 respectively. The average adhesion score in group C (3.83 ± 0.41) was higher than the other groups (p<0.05). The average adhesion scores in Group D and E were similar (3.17 ± 0.41 and 3.00 ± 0.00 respectively).ConclusionAbsorbable suture created a safe adhesion score between the mesentery which was not inferior to non-absorbable sutures.
Impact of diffusing lung capacity before and after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiation on postoperative pulmonary complications among patients with stage IIIA/N2 non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Shin Sumin , Choi Yong Soo , Jung Jae Jun , Im Yunjoo , Shin Sun Hye , Kang Danbee , Cho Jong Ho , Kim Hong Kwan , Kim Jhingook , Zo Jae Ill , Shim Young Mog , Park Keunchil , Ahn Myung-Ju , Ahn Yong Chan , Lee Genehee , Cho Juhee , Lee Ho Yun , Park Hye Yun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and objective
This study aims to evaluate the impact of diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco) before and after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) on postoperative pulmonary complication (PPC) among stage IIIA/N2 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods
We retrospectively studied 324 patients with stage IIIA/N2 NSCLC between 2009 and 2016. Patients were classified into 4 groups according to DLco before and after neoadjuvant CCRT; normal-to-normal (NN), normal-to-low (NL), low-to-low (LL), and low-to-very low (LVL). Low DLco and very low DLco were defined as DLco < 80% predicted and DLco < 60% predicted, respectively.

Results
On average, DLco was decreased by 12.3% (±10.5) after CCRT. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) for any PPC comparing patients with low DLco to those with normal DLco before CCRT was 2.14 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.36–3.36). Moreover, the IRR for any PPC was 3.78 (95% CI = 1.68–8.49) in LVL group compared to NN group. The significant change of DLco after neoadjuvant CCRT had an additional impact on PPC, particularly after bilobectomy or pneumonectomy with low baseline DLco.

Conclusions
The DLco before CCRT was significantly associated with risk of PPC, and repeated test of DLco after CCRT would be helpful for risk assessment, particularly in patients with low DLco before neoadjuvant CCRT.
Lung-protective ventilation worsens ventilator-induced diaphragm atrophy and weakness
Authors: Zhou Xian-Long , Wei Xiao-Jun , Li Shao-Ping , Ma Hao-Li , Zhao Yan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Lung–protective ventilation (LPV) has been found to minimize the risk of ventilator–induced lung injury (VILI). However, whether LPV is able to diminish ventilator–induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD) remains unknown. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that LPV protects the diaphragm against VIDD.

Methods
Adult male Wistar rats received either conventional mechanical (tidal volume [VT]: 10 ml/kg, positive end–expiratory pressure [PEEP]: 2 cm H2O; CV group) or lung-protective (VT: 5 ml/kg, PEEP: 10 cm H2O; LPV group) ventilation for 12 h. Then, diaphragms and lungs were collected for biochemical and histological analyses. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA–seq) was performed to determine the differentially expressed genes in the diaphragms between groups.

Results
Our results suggested that LPV was associated with diminished pulmonary injuries and reduced oxidative stress compared with the effects of the CV strategy in rats. However, animals that received LPV showed increased protein degradation, decreased cross–sectional areas (CSAs) of myofibers, and reduced forces of the diaphragm compared with the same parameters in animals receiving CV (p < 0.05). In addition, the LPV group showed a higher level of oxidative stress in the diaphragm than the CV group (p < 0.05). Moreover, RNA–seq and western blots revealed that the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coactivator–1alpha (PGC–1α), a powerful reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitor, was significantly downregulated in the LPV group compared with its expression in the CV group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Compared with the CV strategy, the LPV strategy did not protect the diaphragm against VIDD in rats. In contrast, the LPV strategy worsened VIDD by inducing oxidative stress together with the downregulation of PGC–1α in the diaphragm. However, further studies are required to determine the roles of PGC–1α in ventilator-induced diaphragmatic oxidative stress.
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor Dapagliflozin attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Arow M. , Waldman M. , Yadin D. , Nudelman V. , Shainberg A. , Abraham N. G. , Freimark D. , Kornowski R. , Aravot D. , Hochhauser E. , Arad M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a risk factor for developing heart failure but there is no specific therapy for diabetic heart disease. Sodium glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) are recently developed diabetic drugs that primarily work on the kidney. Clinical data describing the cardiovascular benefits of SGLT2Is highlight the potential therapeutic benefit of these drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular events and heart failure. However, the underlying mechanism of protection remains unclear. We investigated the effect of Dapagliflozin—SGLT2I, on diabetic cardiomyopathy in a mouse model of DM2.

Methods
Cardiomyopathy was induced in diabetic mice (db/db) by subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II (ATII) for 30 days using an osmotic pump. Dapagliflozin (1.5 mg/kg/day) was administered concomitantly in drinking water. Male homozygous, 12–14 weeks old WT or db/db mice (n = 4–8/group), were used for the experiments. Isolated cardiomyocytes were exposed to glucose (17.5–33 mM) and treated with Dapagliflozin in vitro. Intracellular calcium transients were measured using a fluorescent indicator indo-1.

Results
Angiotensin II infusion induced cardiomyopathy in db/db mice, manifested by cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and inflammation (TNFα, TLR4). Dapagliflozin decreased blood glucose (874 ± 111 to 556 ± 57 mg/dl, p < 0.05). In addition it attenuated fibrosis and inflammation and increased the left ventricular fractional shortening in ATII treated db/db mice. In isolated cardiomyocytes Dapagliflozin decreased intracellular calcium transients, inflammation and ROS production. Finally, voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel (CACNA1C), the sodium–calcium exchanger (NCX) and the sodium–hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE) membrane transporters expression was reduced following Dapagliflozin treatment.

Conclusion
Dapagliflozin was cardioprotective in ATII-stressed diabetic mice. It reduced oxygen radicals, as well the activity of membrane channels related to calcium transport. The cardioprotective effect manifested by decreased fibrosis, reduced inflammation and improved systolic function. The clinical implication of our results suggest a novel pharmacologic approach for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy through modulation of ion homeostasis.