bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Panic patients in the non-panic state: physiological and cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Dratcu L , Bond A 
Published: July 2002

SummaryPanic attacks and the antipanic effect of antidepressants are claimed to distinguish panic disorder (PD) from generalised anxiety disorder. However, most studies showing neurochemical disturbances in PD overlook the non-panic state. We compared panic patients in the non-panic state with controls on biochemical, psychological and physiological measures. There were no differences on the neuroendocrine tests. Self-ratings of bodily and psychological symptoms of anxiety were significantly higher in patients and they scored worse on word recall. Patients had significantly more skin conductance fluctuations and slow wave activity in the electroencephalogram, a sign of hyperventilation which may have implications for brain activity. Discrepancies between patients' self-ratings and objective measures of pulse rate and psychomotor performance indicated that panic patients have distorted perceptions of both physical and mental functioning. Hyperventilation and cognitive distortions in the non-panic state may facilitate panic attacks and are part of the pathophysiology of PD.
Universal Design Rules for Flory–Huggins Polymer Photonic Vapor Sensors
Authors: Megahd Heba , Lova Paola , Comoretto Davide 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMultilayered photonic sensors that rely on polymer‐solvent Flory–Huggins interactions are drawing increasing interest owing to their broad‐band selectivity, even among mixtures, without the need for chemical targeting. Moreover, these sensors provide simple colorimetric responses, and easy, quick fabrication both on laboratory and industrial scales. However, complex optical responses and slow response times are limiting their development. In this work, the behavior of different photonic sensor architectures is analyzed to speed up response time and define a strategy to simplify their spectral behavior. To this end, the effect of interfaces, materials order, and thickness on the diffusion kinetics of a single reference analyte in the multilayered sensors is studied to design the optimal structure.
Single‐Layered Reflective Metasurface Achieving Simultaneous Spin‐Selective Perfect Absorption and Efficient Wavefront Manipulation
Authors: Huang Yijia , Xiao Tianxiao , Xie Zhengwei , Zheng Jie , Su Yarong , Chen Weidong , Liu Ke , Tang Mingjun , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Li Ling 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs the 2D counterpart of metamaterials, metasurfaces have drawn wide attentions in recent years due to their unique electromagnetic (EM) properties and subwavelength footprints. Although great efforts have been made in metasurface‐based full vectorial manipulation of EM waves, the realization of multifunctional devices with high compactness is still challenging. Here, by employing the mutual coupling between the meta‐atoms to induce spin‐selective magnetic resonance, a generalized design principle based on single‐layered metasurface is proposed that can achieve giant chiral absorption with average circular dichroism larger than 80%. In addition, arbitrary wavefront manipulation for reflected waves can also be realized with operation efficiency larger than 88%. As a proof of concept, three kinds of chiral devices including beam deflector, vortex beam generator, and meta‐hologram are numerically investigated in infrared region with high performance. It is believed that these multifunctional devices with simple geometry have great potentials in the field of chiral imaging, chiroptical spectroscopy, and EM communication.
Sn2B5O9Br as an Outstanding Bifunctional Material with Strong Second‐Harmonic Generation Effect and Large Birefringence
Authors: Guo Jingyu , Cheng Shichao , Han Shujuan , Yang Zhihua , Pan Shilie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe first tin (II) borate bromide, Sn2B5O9Br (SBOB), as an outstanding bifunctional material with excellent linear and nonlinear optical (NLO) performance is synthesized successfully. As far as it is known, it exhibits the largest birefringence among the reported borates (0.439 at 546 nm), even over famous birefringent materials YVO4 and TiO2. Meanwhile, it also owns a strong second harmonic generation (SHG) response of 2.4 times that of KH2PO4. Theoretical calculations display that its incredible optical properties mainly originate from the extremely intensive stereochemical activity lone pair (SCALP) of [SnO7Br2] polyhedra, which results in the enhancement of birefringence and SHG response, increasing to 2.6‐ and 4.8‐fold, respectively, from Sn2B5O9Cl (SBOC) to SBOB. These perceptions will guide and accelerate the exploration of excellent birefringence and NLO materials in tin (II)‐based compound.
Modeling Heterogeneity of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Uncovers a Novel Combinatorial Treatment Overcoming Primary Drug Resistance
Authors: Lamballe Fabienne , Ahmad Fahmida , Vinik Yaron , Castellanet Olivier , Daian Fabrice , Müller Anna‐Katharina , Köhler Ulrike A. , Bailly Anne‐Laure , Josselin Emmanuelle , Castellano Rémy , Cayrou Christelle , Charafe‐Jauffret Emmanuelle , Mills Gordon B. , Géli Vincent , Borg Jean‐Paul , Lev Sima , Maina Flavio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype characterized by a remarkable molecular heterogeneity. Currently, there are no effective druggable targets and advanced preclinical models of the human disease. Here, a unique mouse model (MMTV‐R26Met mice) of mammary tumors driven by a subtle increase in the expression of the wild‐type MET receptor is generated. MMTV‐R26Met mice develop spontaneous, exclusive TNBC tumors, recapitulating primary resistance to treatment of patients. Proteomic profiling of MMTV‐R26Met tumors and machine learning approach show that the model faithfully recapitulates intertumoral heterogeneity of human TNBC. Further signaling network analysis highlights potential druggable targets, of which cotargeting of WEE1 and BCL‐XL synergistically kills TNBC cells and efficiently induces tumor regression. Mechanistically, BCL‐XL inhibition exacerbates the dependency of TNBC cells on WEE1 function, leading to Histone H3 and phosphoS33RPA32 upregulation, RRM2 downregulation, cell cycle perturbation, mitotic catastrophe, and apoptosis. This study introduces a unique, powerful mouse model for studying TNBC formation and evolution, its heterogeneity, and for identifying efficient therapeutic targets.
Fluorescent Assembles of 2‐Amino‐3‐cyanothiophenes with Azoles. Design and Peculiar Properties of Absorption and Emission
Authors: Lugovik Kseniya I. , Kanaa Ali , Benassi Enrico , Belskaya Nataliya P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThree new types of azolylthiophene fluorescent dyes, (1‐aryl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carbonyl)thiophenes (ATTs), (3‐arylisoxazole‐4‐carbonyl)thiophenes (AITs), 1‐aryl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbonyl)thiophenes (APTs), were synthesized by the 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction. All the synthesized luminophores exhibited blue emission with high quantum yields (QYs) and positive solvato(fluoro)chromism. Photophysical investigations established the role of the heterocyclic core, substituents, and their combinations for the azolylthiophenes emission. ATTs and AITs exhibited a decrease in QY in polar solvents, while APTs showed the largest QYs in DMSO and DMF. Solvato(fluoro)chromism was analyzed by using the Lippert‐Mataga equation. These results revealed that ATTs are the most sensitive to the environment interactions among the investigated compounds. Azolylthiophenes exhibited intense green emission in the solid state (up to 75.9%). The experimental work was supported by quantum chemical calculations.
Evaluation of a place‐based collective impact initiative through cross‐sectoral data linkage
Authors: Homel Jacqueline , Homel Ross , McGee Tara Renae , Zardo Pauline , Branch Sara , Freiberg Kate , Manning Matthew , Wong Gabriel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAustralian governments fund many place‐based collective impact initiatives like Communities for Children (CfC); states fund family support services to keep at‐risk children out of the child protection system; and schools implement many extracurricular programmes. Do these services have a beneficial, cost‐effective collective impact on child well‐being? This paper describes a proof‐of‐concept attempt to address this question by linking for one CfC community individual‐level data on 5‐ to 12‐year‐old participation in programmes delivered through these three sectors with child outcomes. This exercise was unsuccessful despite the investigators’ prior experience; advice from a data linkage expert and our data custodian partners; five ARC reviews; partners’ good will; and ethical safeguards including written, informed parent/carer consent. Obstacles encountered included a lack of data of sufficient quality on children and families’ participation in services, lack of data on children’s outcomes, and prohibitive costs of linkages within government. We offer for others three key lessons: (1) make assumptions explicit; (2) talk to technical experts in data custodian organisations early in the planning process; and (3) undertake, if possible, an initial scoping exercise. We conclude that despite recent legislative and policy reforms many obstacles we encountered will persist in the absence of a national child well‐being strategy.
A New Cell Configuration for a More Precise Electrochemical Evaluation of an Artificial Solid‐Electrolyte Interphase
Authors: Bobnar Jernej , Vizintin Alen , Kapun Gregor , Njel Christian , Dedryvère Rémi , Dominko Robert , Genorio Bostjan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe study of an artificial solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) can lead to a misinterpretation of the electrochemical results obtained with the classical cell configuration due to so‐called edge effect. A technical solution is presented here that minimizes the edge effect by using a new cell configuration with a polypropylene disc. A new cell configuration allows a simple electrochemical evaluation of an artificial SEI with a more precisely defined effective area and homogeneously distributed current density. The application of such a technical solution manifests itself through better defined deposition and stripping curves in relation to surface electrochemistry and can differ significantly from the results obtained with the classical cell configuration. Finally, a model system ‐ a lithium electrode protected with trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate polymer‐was used to evaluate and compare the new cell configuration with the classical two electrode cell configuration.
Using behavioral skills training with preservice teachers in the university classroom
Authors: Kirkpatrick Marie , Rehfeld David M. , Akers Jessica S. , Rivera Gabby , Sulak Tracey N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPreservice and novice teachers often identify behavior management as an area of weakness that they attribute to a lack of sufficient instruction during their teacher preparation. Behavioral skills training (BST) is an evidence‐based teaching methodology based on the principles of applied behavior analysis used to teach new skills. This study investigated the use of BST in the university setting to teach undergraduate preservice teachers enrolled in a field‐based special education course to implement a token economy during small group instruction with children. A single‐case research design was used to assess the effectiveness of using BST by evaluating accuracy of implementation before and after BST. Results showed BST was an effective teaching procedure and social validity measures collected from the preservice teachers indicated BST was acceptable to all participants. Limitations and needs for future research are discussed.
Aberrant common hepatic artery from the left gastric artery and with no connection to the gastroduodenal artery: Risky vascular anomaly in gastrectomy
Authors: Noda Keisuke , Kobayashi Shinichiro , Yamashita Mampei , Hirayama Takanori , Natsuda Koji , Tokunaga Takayuki , Yamanouchi Kosho , Takeshita Hiroaki , Kuroki Tamotsu , Maeda Shigeto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractKnowledge of anatomical variations of the celiac axis is important in upper abdominal surgery. Aberrant common hepatic artery originating from the left gastric artery without connecting the gastroduodenal artery is extremely rare. Preoperative vascular anatomy assessment using reconstructions of CT images may be useful for safe surgical procedure.
Boosting the Stability of RuO2 in the Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction by Tuning Oxygen‐Vacancy Formation Energies: A Viable Approach Beyond Noble‐Metal Catalysts?
Authors: Exner Kai S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRuO2 belongs to the most active electrode materials for the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) within the electrochemical water splitting, such as those encountered in acidic proton‐exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. Despite its large activity, RuO2 faces severe stability issues under the harsh anodic operation conditions. Now, a new strategy has been reported to overcome this bottleneck by tuning the free‐formation energy of oxygen vacancies, which can be achieved by the co‐doping of W and Er into the RuO2 lattice. The resulting W0.2Er0.1Ru0.7O2‐δ electrocatalyst is stable long term in acid and, additionally, reveals remarkable OER activity, about 30 times higher than that of commercial RuO2. The notion of tuning the oxygen‐vacancy formation energy could be a valuable starting point for the development of non‐noble electrocatalysts for the acidic OER with applications in PEM electrolyzers.
Preparation and characterization of manganese‐containing biochars and their lead ion adsorption mechanism
Authors: Du Xia , Zhao Mingjing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHeavy metal pollution causes severely adverse impacts on human and ecosystem health. Adsorption is one of the most effective technologies used in the removal of heavy metal ions from contaminated water. However, its widespread applications are limited, owing to its high cost and low adsorbent selectivity. In this study, modified manganese‐containing biochars were synthesized to improve their Pb2+ adsorption ability. Fraxinus mandshurica sawdust samples were impregnated with pure water as well as KMnO4 and MnSO4 aqueous solutions (FM‐BC, FM‐M7BC, and FM‐M2BC, respectively) for 24 hours at 25°C and pyrolyzed at 400°C. The resulting biochars were characterized using x‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive x‐ray analyses (EDX), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption‐desorption isotherms, and Boehm titration. Batch adsorption experiments revealed the kinetics and magnitude of Pb2+ adsorption onto the biochars. The Pb2+ adsorption capacity of FM‐M7BC (156.25 mg · g−1) was significantly higher than those of FM‐M2BC (25.35 mg · g−1) and FM‐BC (11.99 mg · g−1), and based on FTIR and Boehm titration results before and after Pb2+ adsorption, an adsorption mechanism was proposed. FM‐M7BC showed the highest adsorption enhancement owing to the strong affinity of MnCO3 particles and O‐containing groups for Pb2+. Additionally, the influence of the different oxidation states of manganese (Mn(VII), and Mn(II)) in the manganese components on the Pb2+ adsorption performance of the biochars was extremely strong. FM‐M7BC was an effective adsorbent for removing Pb2+.
Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of Berberis vulgaris (barberry) against bacteria associated with caries
Authors: Kazemipoor Maryam , Fadaei Tehrani Pooya , Zandi Hengameh , Golvardi Yazdi Reza 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this in‐vitro study was to determine the antimicrobial capacity of a Berberis vulgaris plant extract on the bacteria being associated with caries including, Streptococcus mutans, S. sobrinus, S. sanguinis, S. salivaris and Lactobacillus rhamnosus.Material and methodsChlorhexidine 2% (CHX) mouthwash and ampicillin (10 μg/disk) were applied as positive control groups. Inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) related to stem, leaf and fruit of B. vulgaris plant were recorded for every five bacteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 22, one‐way ANOVA repeated measure and post hoc Tukey statistical test. The significance level was set at p < 0.05.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the antimicrobial capacity of the positive controls and the extract from the stem and fruit of B. vulgaris (p > 0.05). The MIC values of the extract from the stem were significantly lower against S. sobrinus (64 μg/ml) and L. rhamnosus (128 μg/ml). The MIC value of the extract against S. mutans was significantly lower in the fruit group (64 μg/mL). The MBC value of the extract against S. sobrinus and L. rhamnosus was significantly lower in the stem group (128 μg/ml). The MBC value against S. mutans was significantly lower in the fruit group (128 μg/ml).ConclusionsThe results showed that CHX and B. vulgaris plant extract have similar antimicrobial activity against bacteria being associated with caries. Therefore, B. vulgaris, which shows antibacterial capacity, could be considered for further investigation as a safe, phytotherapeutic mouthwash to prevent dental caries.
Physiological mechanisms underlying genetic improvement in sink establishment and plant‐to‐plant variability in maize
Authors: Gonzalez V. H. , MacKenzie J. O. , Tollenaar M. , Lee E. A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGenetic improvement in maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield is associated with improvements in dry matter accumulation during the grain‐filling period and the ability to maintain partitioning to the grain (i.e., harvest index) when grown at higher plant population densities. Although several attributes have been identified that lead to improved dry matter accumulation during the grain‐filling period, the attributes that have enabled the maintenance of harvest index at higher plant population densities remain elusive. Using the Ontario ERA hybrids that represent five eras of genetic improvement in Ontario, we examined genetic improvement in several attributes associated with sink establishment and partitioning to the grain. We show that the number of florets on an ear initial is not influenced by plant density, nor is there any evidence of a genetic improvement in floret number. There has been genetic improvement, however, in the ability to support kernel set at a lower threshold level of dry matter accumulation and to more efficiently set kernels at lower dry matter accumulation levels, such as those experienced at higher plant densities. Genetic improvement is evident for reduced plant‐to‐plant variability for dry matter accumulation, grain yield, kernel number, and plant growth rate around silking, but most notably for grain yield. Finally, we show that genetic improvement in reduced plant‐to‐plant variability for grain yield is the result of the lower threshold dry matter levels required for seed set and the improved resource utilization, which has led to greater stability of individual plant performance in a stand.
Structural Characterization of Hydro‐, Chloro‐ and Fluoroorganylsilanes with Substituents of Varying Electron Withdrawing Character
Authors: Keßler Mira , Porath Sven , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Hoge Berthold 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report on the molecular structure of trimethylsilanes Si(CH3)3X in which the substituents X, namely (Z)‐pentafluoropropen‐1‐yl, trifluoropropyn‐1‐yl, pentafluoroethyl, trifluorovinyl, vinyl, propyn‐1‐yl, di‐ and trichloromethyl, display electron withdrawing effects of varying strength. The lengths of the bonds between the silicon and the carbon atoms of X correlate with the hybridization of the respective orbitals and the steric demand of X rather than with the electron withdrawing capability. In case of chlorinated substituents dispersion effects seem to shorten the Si−C bond. Furthermore, a route for generating trifluoropropyn‐1‐yllithium from the cryogen 2,3,3,3‐tetrafluoropropene (HFO‐1234yf) and n‐butyllithium is described. Tetrafluoropropen‐1‐yllithium is slowly formed at −80 °C but even at this temperature spontaneous elimination of LiF occurs. Deprotonation of the formed 3,3,3‐trifluoropropyne requires temperatures of above −60 °C leading to trifluoropropyn‐1‐yllithium which appears as relatively stable at room temperature.
High‐performance all‐solid‐state supercapacitor with binder‐free binary transition metal sulfide array as cathode
Authors: Li Yanan , Gong Junwei , Xing Xiaolin , Du Jialiang , Xu Panpan , Cheng Kui , Ye Ke , Zhu Kai , Yan Jun , Cao Dianxue , Wang Guiling 
Published: December 2020

SummaryTransition metal sulfides show excellent performance in an aqueous supercapacitor. However, all‐solid‐state supercapacitors are attracting more and more interest because of thinner, lighter, and more flexible. Binary sulfides Ni3Co6S8 nanowire arrays (NCS) are directly grown on a nitrogen‐doped carbon foam (NCF) through hydrothermal reaction, which is applied as a binder‐free electrode for all‐solid‐state supercapacitor. The unique needlelike structure assembled by nanosheet effectively increases the utilization efficiency of active materials and promotes electrochemical performance. The NCS‐NCF electrode shows promising application potential for wearable electronic devices due to the flexibility of NCF. A high‐specific capacitance of 243 mAh g−1is delivered by NCS‐NCF electrode, which also exhibits good rate behavior along with outstanding cycle stability. The NCS‐NCF electrode (positive electrode) and NCF electrode (negative electrode) are employed to assemble asymmetric all‐solid‐state supercapacitor. When the high power density is 675 W kg−1, the energy density of supercapacitor reaches the maximum of 28.31 Wh kg−1. The specific capacitance of supercapacitors could maintain 84%, after 10 000 cycles of galvanostatic charge and discharge under 4 A g−1, indicating the potential application of NCS‐NCF electrode as an excellent supercapacitor electrode material in flexible, wearable energy storage systems.
High‐efficiency solar energy conversion using infrared focusing and reflection system
Authors: Sadeghi Hossein , Amrollahi Reza , Iraji Davoud , Dabaghian Saed , Fazelpour Samaneh 
Published: December 2020

SummaryIn this article, using solar radiation in infrared (IR) wavelengths, a new technique is investigated to increase the efficiency of conventional solar cells. The experiments on indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO), and antimony‐doped tin oxide (ATO) films showed that the impurity content and the substrate temperatures, while preparing the films, play a significant role in transparency and IR reflection of the final products. The investigation for ITO/Ag/ITO, ATO/Ag/ATO, and FTO/Ag/FTO films indicated that the reflection of the light increases with the growth of the silver layer thickness. Various experiments demonstrate that light reflection from thin films falls into two categories of specular and diffuse reflections. Eventually, considering simulation and experiment results, a new generation of solar panels was introduced by combining three technologies, including solar cells, IR reflective coating, and thermophotovoltaic cells, which will enhance the efficiency of solar energy conversion into electricity.