bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with homelessness referrals for an acute young adult psychiatric unit
Authors: Dymond Alexander , Branjerdporn Grace 
Published: November 2020

Background: Homelessness is correlated with significant mental illness. Homelessness is a key psychosocial issue leading to significant use of hospital resources outside medical intervention. Aim: This study examines the characteristics, post-discharge pathway and length of stay of individuals presenting with homelessness in an acute young adult psychiatric ward. Method: Prospective chart audit was conducted to assess the demographic information, acute presentation, clinical risk and length of stay for homelessness referrals to Social Work. Participants ( N = 88) were aged 18 to 25 years old and admitted to a tertiary level psychiatric ward specifically for this age group. Acute risk presentations of all psychiatric conditions, such as Schizophrenia, Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder, Bipolar Affective Disorder, Drug Induced Psychosis and Anorexia Nervosa, may be admitted to the unit. Descriptive statistics, one sample t-tests and Pearson’s correlations were completed. Results: No homeless patient was accommodated by local area services due to lack of availability. Change in homelessness status tended to worsen during hospitalisation, with 24% having worse accommodation upon discharge compared to 13% who improved. Length of stay was significantly longer for homeless patients compared to non-homeless patients, but not when excluding the length of time spent attempting to address homeless risk. Homeless patients presenting with an eating disorder acute presentation spent longer time in hospital, and those with psychotic acute presentations had more dynamic risk factors. Length of stay and static risk factors were positively correlated with government mental health community follow-up. Conclusion: Hospitalisation is not an effective intervention for homelessness and the Gold Coast Mental Health units are not resourced or linked to provide accommodation outcomes in a positive or economic manner. Future consideration should be given to health and community resources around homelessness, including health-specific housing interventions and community mental health teams incorporating homelessness risk vulnerability into their ongoing clinical risk mitigation.
Psychosocial risk factors associated with mental health of adolescents amidst the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak
Authors: Amran Muhammad Syawal 
Published: November 2020

Background: An outbreak of global pandemic COVID-19 profoundly affects life around the globe. Prolonged isolation, contact restriction and economic shutdown impose a deeply change to the psychosocial environment. These indicate a tendency to threaten the mental health of adolescents’ significantly. Detecting adolescents’ psychosocial risk during Pandemic COVID-19, particularly when they stay at home, may be helpful to better understand their mental health well- being. Aims: The current study aimed to explore psychosocial risk factors associated with mental health of adolescents’ in the midst of the outbreak. Method: This research uses a qualitative approach which focuses on focus group discussions interviews. This research took 6 weeks via online communication platform involving ( n = 15) adolescents from the Low Income Household. Result: The participants adolescents’ psychosocial risk experience during amidst of Outbreak Covid-19 Pandemic are composed of (1) self- conflict (develop negative thought at home, unplanned of daily activities, changing sleep pattern and irregular wake up time and massively use internet) (2) Family Members (Conflict between parent and miscommunication between siblings) (3) School (Piling up on homework, Inadequate guidance for homework and Inability to comprehend online learning). These psychosocial risk factors have caused disruption to daily life adolescents’ during outbreaks and almost inevitably trigger a spike in mental health issues. Conclusion: Overall of study emphasized that psychosocial risks are important factors that can be addressed in order to reduce mental health problem.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss After Surgery to Treat Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Lee Dohee , Kim Yoonho , Kim Dong-Kee 
Published: November 2020

Objective: We investigated the incidence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) after chronic otitis media (COM) surgery and determined the associated factors. Methods: Data were collected via retrospective medical chart review. Results: Of the 192 patients, 82 underwent tympanoplasty, 26 underwent canal wall up mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty, and 84 underwent canal wall down mastoidectomy with tympanoplasty. After surgery, the average air conduction (AC) hearing threshold improved significantly, from 125 to 1000 Hz, but the average high-frequency AC and bone conduction (BC) hearing thresholds deteriorated significantly. In 21 (11%) cases, the BC hearing threshold worsened by more than 15 dB at 4000 Hz. When we compared these 21 cases to patients in whom hearing was preserved, the former group was found to be significantly younger and had a higher frequency of cholesteatomatous otitis media. However, when comparing the severity of inflammation in patients with temporal bone computed tomography, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Conclusions: High-frequency SNHL may develop after surgery to treat COM, especially in young patients with cholesteatoma.
ENT Manifestations of Celiac Disease: A Scholarly Review
Authors: Karunaratne Dilhara , Karunaratne Nisal 
Published: November 2020

Objectives: Celiac disease is a common multisystemic autoimmune disorder. It is now increasingly recognized that it may present with extraintestinal manifestations which contribute to the difficulty in its diagnosis. The objective of this scholarly review was to examine the extraintestinal ENT manifestations of celiac disease and its pathophysiology and management, in order to highlight that some patients with celiac disease may present initially to the otolaryngologist. Improving awareness of celiac disease among otolaryngologists may aid in the correct diagnosis and correct management plan. Methods: A literature review was conducted using the PubMed database to identify original articles related to celiac disease and ENT manifestations between the years 2000 and 2020. The search was performed using the search string: (“coeliac disease” OR “celiac disease”) AND (“ENT manifestations” OR “hearing loss” OR “epistaxis” OR “nasal septal perforation” OR “obstructive sleep apnoea” OR “vertigo” OR “tonsillitis” OR “sinusitis”). Only articles written in English were reviewed. Results: A total of 17 papers met the inclusion criteria. Extraintestinal ENT manifestations of celiac disease include sensorineural hearing loss, obstructive sleep apnea, nasal septal perforation, epistaxis, and vertigo with nystagmus. Sensorineural hearing loss, obstructive sleep apnea, nasal septal perforation, vertigo, and nystagmus are thought to result from immunologically mediated mechanisms, with intestinal malabsorption resulting in epistaxis. Conclusions: Celiac disease can cause extraintestinal ENT manifestations and requires a high index of suspicion from the otolaryngologist to diagnose and suitably manage. A gluten-free diet may result in sufficient symptom resolution for most manifestations. Sensorineural hearing loss due to celiac disease appears to be progressive and permanent and may require frequent audiological monitoring.
Expectation Gap Analysis in Corporate Financial Reporting Practices in India
Authors: Deb Rajat , Debnath Pallad , Pal Ananda Mohan 
Published: November 2020

This article assesses the expectation gap of the practitioners and investors, if any, on the selected four parameters regarding India’s corporate reporting practices and in a curtail period of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) convergence transition. Related literature has validated the primary goal of the International Accounting Standard Board to reduce accounting treatment heterogeneity and to reduce information asymmetry by harmonizing the national GAAP into IFRS through adoptions or convergences. India, for multiple reasons, has preferred the convergence route, and the converged versions of IFRS (Ind-AS) have been implemented during the financial year from 2016 to 2017 for the selected industries. For executing the study, it has framed a self-administered questionnaire for conducting an online survey between the two groups of sample respondents chosen through non-probability sampling methods. The questionnaire has been pretested for assaying its reliability and validity before the final survey. The study has concluded that before the outsets of the convergence expectation gap were existed which unlikely to reduce even after the IFRS convergence. Finally, it has acknowledged few limitations, indicated practical implications and sketched the future research road map. JEL Codes: C83, M41
Optimal sequences and sequence parameters for GBCA-enhanced MRI of the glymphatic system: a systematic literature review
Authors: Mijnders Liesje SP , Steup Feline WR , Lindhout Mette , van der Kleij Paul A , Brink Wyger M , van der Molen Aart J 
Published: November 2020

Background The glymphatic system (GS) is a recently discovered waste clearance system in the brain. Purpose To evaluate the most promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence(s) and the most optimal sequence parameters for glymphatic MRI (gMRI) 4–24 h after administration of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA). Material and Methods Multiple literature databases were systematically searched for articles regarding gMRI or MRI of the perilymph in the inner ear until 11 May 2020. All relevant MRI sequence parameters were tabulated for qualitative analysis. Their potential was assessed based on detection of low dose GBCA, primarily measured as signal intensity (SI) ratio. Results Thirty articles were included in the analysis. Three-dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR), 3D Real Inversion Recovery (3D-Real IR), and multiple 3D T1-weighted gradient echo sequences were used. In perilymph, 3D-FLAIR with a TE of at least 400 ms yielded the highest SIRs. In the qualitative analysis of inner ear studies using 3D-FLAIR, TR was in the range of 4400–10,000 ms, TI 1500–2600 ms, refocusing flip angle (rFA) (range 120°–180°), and echo train length (ETL) 23–173. In the gMRI studies, quantitative analysis was not possible. In the qualitative analysis, 3D-FLAIR was used in the majority (8/12) of the studies, usually with TR 4800–9000 ms, TI 1650–2500 ms, TE 311–561 ms, rFA 90°–120°, and ETL 167–278. Conclusion Long TE 3D-FLAIR is the most promising sequence for detection of low-dose GBCA in the GS. Clinical and/or phantom studies on other MRI parameters are needed for further optimization of gMRI.
Effects of cabozantinib on bone turnover markers in real-world metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Ratta Raffaele , Verzoni Elena , Mennitto Alessia , Pantano Francesco , Martinetti Antonia , Raimondi Alessandra , Sepe Pierangela , Sottotetti Elisa , Mennitto Roberta , Morelli Daniele , Santini Daniele , de Braud Filippo G. , Procopio Giuseppe 
Published: November 2020

Background: Cabozantinib strongly inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in vitro. We aimed to evaluate its effect on bone turnover markers (BTMs) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Methods: This is a monocentric prospective study on patients with mRCC treated with cabozantinib between October 2016 and July 2018. We collected blood samples at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of treatment. We compared sets of data obtained from plasma samples in the whole population with unpaired 2-tailed Student t tests and data for a subset of patients for which all timepoints were available with paired 2-tailed Student t tests. We used the Kaplan-Meier method for survival analyses and the log-rank test to compare the curves. Results: Our analysis included 39 patients. At month 3, the mean C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTx) and the mean N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (PINP) levels were significantly decreased in the whole population ( p = 0.013 and p < 0.0001, respectively), as well as at paired analysis ( p = 0.015 and p = 0.045, respectively). No differences were observed between baseline and 6 months ( p = 0.053 and p = 0.087, respectively). After 3 months, the mean parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels significantly increased in the whole population ( p = 0.004), as well as at paired analysis; the mean PTH levels increased significantly at 3 and 6 months, respectively ( p = 0.019 and p = 0.041, respectively). Changes in BTM levels were not associated with outcome. Conclusions: Cabozantinib significantly reduced bone resorption as demonstrated by the decrease of CTx and showed a transient secondary increase of PTH.
A systematic review of internet-based interventions for women with chronic pain
Authors: Ariza-Mateos María José , Cabrera-Martos Irene , Prados-Román Esther , Granados-Santiago María , Rodríguez-Torres Janet , Carmen Valenza Marie 
Published: November 2020

Introduction To evaluate the effects of internet-based interventions on physical and psychosocial outcomes in women with chronic pain through a systematic review. Method A search of the following electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Two different authors separately tabulated the indices selected in identical predetermined forms. The methodological quality of all randomised trials was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias. Results Seven articles were finally included. The main features of interventions included online cognitive-behavioural and/or psychoeducation therapy to improve health with an interactive component. The methodological quality showed a high risk of bias, mainly from a lack of blinding. Conclusion There are indicators that suggest that internet-based interventions may be useful for women with chronic pain. However, the validity of such a conclusion is limited as most trials included had a high risk of bias. More rigorous research is required before stating that such interventions can overcome the current limitations of traditional face-to-face care.
The prevalence of lower limb loss in children and associated costs of prosthetic devices: A national study of commercial insurance claims
Authors: McLarney Mitra , Pezzin Liliana E , McGinley Emily L , Prosser Laura , Dillingham Timothy R 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Although the incidence of major pediatric lower limb loss secondary to either congenital deficiencies or acquired amputations is relatively low, the prevalence of lower limb loss among children in the United States (US) remains unknown.

Objectives:
To estimate the prevalence of major lower limb loss, and the associated prosthetic services use and costs among commercially-insured children in the US.

Study design:
Observational, retrospective, longitudinal cohort study.

Methods:
The IBM MarketScan
®
Commercial Database was used to identify children (<18 years) with major lower limb loss in the US between 2009 and 2015. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize pediatric cases according to sociodemographic and limb loss characteristics. Multivariate models assessed factors associated with annual prosthetic visits, prosthetic-related costs, and overall medical costs.

Results:
Of the 36.5 million children in the MarketScan database, 14,038 had a major lower limb loss, yielding a prevalence estimate of 38.5 cases per 100,000 commercially insured children in the US during the 7-year study period. Congenital deficiencies accounted for 84% of cases, followed by 13.5% from trauma. Only 10.1% had at least one prosthesis-related visit during any 12-month period following their cohort entry. Among those, the mean annual prosthetic-related costs ranged from $50 to $29,112 with a median annual cost of $2778 (interquartile range = $4567). Annual coinsurance and copays for prosthetic services accounted for nearly half of the overall annual out-of-pocket outlays with medical care for these children.

Conclusion:
Pediatric lower limb loss results in lifelong prosthetic needs. This study informs insurers and policy-makers regarding the prevalence of these patients and the medical costs for their care.
Foot Core Training to Prevent Running-Related Injuries: A Survival Analysis of a Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Taddei Ulisses T. , Matias Alessandra B. , Duarte Marcos , Sacco Isabel C.N. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Running-related injuries (RRIs) are a pervasive menace that can interrupt or end the participation of recreational runners in this healthy physical activity. To date, no satisfactory treatment has been developed to prevent RRIs. Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of a novel foot core strengthening protocol based on a ground-up approach to reduce the incidence of RRIs in recreational long-distance runners over the course of a 1-year follow-up. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: The participants, 118 runners, were assessed at baseline and randomly allocated to either an intervention group (n = 57) or a control group (n = 61). The intervention group received an 8-week training course focused on the foot-ankle muscles, followed by remotely supervised training thereafter. Assessments consisted of 3 separate biomechanical evaluations of foot strength and foot posture and a weekly report on each participant’s running distance, pace, and injury incidence over 12 months. Results: The control group participants were 2.42 times (95% CI, 1.98-3.62) more likely to experience an RRI within the 12-month study period than participants in the intervention group ( P = .035). Time to injury was significantly correlated with Foot Posture Index ( P = .031; r = 0.41) and foot strength gain ( P = .044; r = 0.45) scores. This foot exercise program showed evidence of effective RRI risk reduction in recreational runners at 4 to 8 months of training. Conclusion: Recreational runners randomized to the new foot core strengthening protocol had a 2.42-fold lower rate of RRIs compared with the control group. Further studies are recommended to better understand the underlying biomechanical mechanisms of injury, types of injuries, and subgroups of runners who might benefit maximally. Registration: NCT02306148 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Patterns and Predictors of Reincarceration among Prisoners with Serious Mental Illness: A Cohort Study: Modèles et prédicteurs de réincarcération chez les prisonniers souffrant de maladie mentale grave : Une étude de cohorte
Authors: Jones Roland M. , Manetsch Madleina , Gerritsen Cory , Simpson Alexander I. F. 
Published: November 2020

Background: A small proportion of people who have serious mental illness and rapid and frequent incarcerations account for a disproportionate amount of overall service use and cost. It is important to describe such individuals, so that services can respond more effectively. Methods: We investigated a cohort of 4,704 incarcerated men and women who were discharged from a correctional mental health service and followed for a median of 535 days. We investigated social, clinical, demographic, and offense characteristics as predictors of return to the service using Cox survival analyses. Secondly, we characterized individuals as high-frequency service users as those who had 3 or more incarcerations during a 1-year period and investigated their characteristics. Results: We found that a higher rate of return to custody was associated with schizophrenia spectrum/bipolar affective disorder (BPAD), personality disorder traits, crack cocaine and methamphetamine use, and unstable housing. Charges of theft/robbery and breach of probation were also positively associated, and sex assault was negatively associated with return to custody. Within a 1-year time period, we found 7.2% of individuals were high-frequency service users, which accounted for 19.5% of all reincarcerations. Conclusion: Identification of the characteristics of those with mental illness in custody, especially those who have high-frequency returns to custody, may provide opportunity to target resources more effectively. The primary targets of intervention would be to treat those with schizophrenia/BPAD and substance use problems, particularly those using stimulants, and addressing homelessness. This could reduce the problem of repeated criminalization of the mentally ill and reduce the overall incarceration rate.
Child Sexual Abuse and Age at Onset of Psychotic Disorders: A Matched-cohort Study: L’âge d’apparition des troubles psychotiques chez les victimes d’agression sexuelle à l’enfance: Une étude prospective de cohortes appariées
Authors: Bourgeois Catherine , Lecomte Tania , McDuff Pierre , Daigneault Isabelle 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) present with a higher risk of psychotic disorders. However, the developmental course of psychosis following CSA, such as the age at onset, remains unknown. This study aimed to determine whether the age at onset of psychotic disorders was influenced by sexual abuse, sex, and confounding factors (substance misuse, intellectual disability, and socioeconomic status). Method: A prospective matched-cohort design was used, with administrative databases from a child protection agency (CPA) and a public health system. Children who received a substantiated report of CSA at the CPA and whose health data could be retrieved were selected ( n = 882) and matched with children from the general population using their date of birth, sex, and geographical area. Survival analysis was performed to estimate the association between sexual abuse, sex, and confounding factors and the age at onset of psychotic disorders. Results: Sexual abuse and substance misuse are significantly associated with the age at onset of psychotic disorders. In the sexually abused group, only substance misuse is associated with the age at onset of psychotic disorders, but this was not significant for the general population. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of prevention of psychotic disorders among sexually abused youth, especially those with a substance misuse diagnosis.
The Effectiveness of Transition Interventions to Support Older Patients From Hospital to Home: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: O’Donnell Renee , Savaglio Melissa , Skouteris Helen , Banaszak-Holl Jane , Moranl Chris , Morris Heather , Vicary Dave , Ayton Darshini 
Published: November 2020

Background: Interventions supporting older adults’ transition from hospital to home can address geriatric needs. Yet this evidence base is fragmented. This review describes transitional interventions that provide pre- and post-discharge support for older adults and evaluates their implementation and effectiveness in improving health and well-being. Method: Articles were included if they examined the extent to which transitional interventions were effective in improving health and well-being outcomes and reducing hospital readmission rates among older adults. Results: Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Four types of interventions were identified: education-based (10/20); goal-oriented (4/20); exercise (4/20); and social support interventions (2/20). Education and goal-oriented interventions were effective in improving health and well-being outcomes. The impact of interventions on mitigating hospital readmissions was inconclusive. Only five studies examined implementation. Discussion: Older adults transitioning from hospital to home would benefit from tailored education and goal-oriented interventions that promote their capacity for self-care.