bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A common variant of LDL receptor related protein 2 (LRP2) gene is associated with gout susceptibility: a meta-analysis in a Japanese population
Authors: Akashi Airi , Nakayama Akiyoshi , Kamatani Yoichiro , Higashino Toshihide , Shimizu Seiko , Kawamura Yusuke , Imoto Misaki , Naito Mariko , Hishida Asahi , Kawaguchi Makoto , Takao Mikiya , Matsuo Michinori , Takada Tappei , Ichida Kimiyoshi , Ooyama Hiroshi , Shinomiya Nariyoshi , Matsuo Hirotaka 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGout, which results from elevated serum uric acid (SUA), is a common form of arthritis that is induced by urate crystals. A single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2544390, of LDL receptor related protein 2 (LRP2/Megalin), has previously been reported to be associated with SUA by a genome-wide association study in a Japanese population. However, it was controversial as to whether rs2544390 is associated with gout in a Japanese population, since previous studies with Japanese populations have reported an association between gout and rs2544390 both with and without significance. This prompted us to investigate the association between gout and rs2544390 of LRP2. Using 1208 clinically diagnosed gout patients and 1223 controls in a Japanese male population, our results showed that while rs2544390 did not show a significant association with gout susceptibility in the present study (p = 0.0793, odds ratio [OR] with 95% confidential interval [CI] 1.11 [0.99–1.24]). However, a meta-analysis using previous studies on Japanese populations revealed a significant association with gout (pmeta = 0.0314, OR with 95% CI 1.09 [1.01–1.18]). We have therefore for the first time confirmed a positive association between rs2544390 and gout with only a Japanese male population. Our study provides clues to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of gout and has the potential to lead to novel therapeutic strategies against gout using LRP2 as a molecular target.
Rhinology: Simulation Training (Part 1)
Authors: Tornari Chrysostomos , Tedla Miroslav , Surda Pavol 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Recently, there has been an expansion of novel technologies in simulation training. Different models target different aspects of training. The aim of this review was to examine existing evidence about training simulators in rhinology, their incorporation into real training programmes and translation of these skills into the operating room. The first part focuses on the virtual and augmented reality simulators. The second part describes the role of physical (i.e. non-computer-based) models of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Recent Findings
Virtual reality simulators are still evolving and facing challenges due to their inherent cost and lack of realism in terms of the type of haptic feedback they provide. On the other hand, augmented reality seems to be a promising platform with a growing number of applications in preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation and education. Limitations in validity, registration error and level of evidence prevent the adoption of augmented reality on a wider scale or in clinical practice.

Summary
Simulation training is a maturing field that shows reasonable evidence for a number of models. The incorporation of these models into real training programmes requires further evaluation to ensure that training opportunities are being maximized.
Delayed contrast enhancement of hepatic parenchyma after intravenous sonographic contrast agent: unusual phenomenon. Case report and review of literature
Authors: Tarnoki David Laszlo , Tarnoki Adam Domonkos , Sukosd Hunor , Folhoffer Aniko , Harkanyi Zoltan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aim
A case of heterogeneous late-phase hepatic enhancement (HLHE) using contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with SonoVue is presented, where HLHE lasted after 50 min of injection.

Methods
This study aims to review prior literature on this topic, to characterize the features of HLHE in the liver, and to find possible and reliable explanations for this phenomenon.

Results
From literature, thus far five publications discuss this phenomenon with a total of 21 patients.

Conclusion
We suggest that phagocytosis of contrast agent microbubbles by macrophages, and lymphocytosis of peripheral blood due to stress conditions of the patients might be in the background of HLHE.
Tribological and anti-corrosion performance of epoxy resin composite coatings reinforced with differently sized cubic boron nitride (CBN) particles
Authors: Huang Zhiping , Zhao Wenjie , Zhao Wenchao , Ci Xiaojing , Li Wentao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA series of high solid content (30 wt%) epoxy resin (EP) composite coatings reinforced with differently sized cubic boron nitride (CBN) particles were fabricated successfully on 304L stainless steel. Polydopamine (PDA) was used to improve the dispersibility of CBN particles in EP. The structural and morphological features of the CBN particles and the composite coatings were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, a UMT-3 tribometer and surface profiler were used to investigate the tribological behaviors of the as-prepared composite coatings. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel analysis were used to investigate the coatings’ anti-corrosion performance. The results demonstrated that the CBN fillers could effectively enhance the tribological and anti-corrosion properties of the EP composite coatings. In addition, when the additive proportion of the microsized (5 μm) and nanosized (550 nm) CBN particles was 1:1, the tribological property of the EP composite coatings was optimal for dry sliding, which was attributed to the load carrying capability of the microsized CBN particles and the toughening effect of the nanosized CBN particles. However, when the additive proportion of the microsized and nanosized CBN particles was 2:1, the tribology and corrosion resistance performance were optimal in seawater conditions. We ascribed this to the load-carrying capacity of the microparticles, which played a more important role under the seawater lubrication condition, and the more compact structure, which improved the electrolyte barrier ability for the composite coatings.
Deep-Tissue Photothermal Therapy Using Laser Illumination at NIR-IIa Window
Authors: Wu Xunzhi , Suo Yongkuan , Shi Hui , Liu Ruiqi , Wu Fengxia , Wang Tingzhong , Ma Lina , Liu Hongguang , Cheng Zhen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) using near-infrared (NIR) light for tumor treatment has triggered extensive attentions because of its advantages of noninvasion and convenience. The current research on PTT usually uses lasers in the first NIR window (NIR-I; 700–900 nm) as irradiation source. However, the second NIR window (NIR-II; 1000–1700 nm) especially NIR-IIa window (1300–1400 nm) is considered much more promising in diagnosis and treatment as its superiority in penetration depth and maximum permissible exposure over NIR-I window. Hereby, we propose the use of laser excitation at 1275 nm, which is approved by Food and Drug Administration for physical therapy, as an attractive technique for PTT to balance of tissue absorption and scattering with water absorption. Specifically, CuS-PEG nanoparticles with similar absorption values at 1275 and 808 nm, a conventional NIR-I window for PTT, were synthesized as PTT agents and a comparison platform, to explore the potential of 1275 and 808 nm lasers for PTT, especially in deep-tissue settings. The results showed that 1275 nm laser was practicable in PTT. It exhibited much more desirable outcomes in cell ablation in vitro and deep-tissue antitumor capabilities in vivo compared to that of 808 nm laser. NIR-IIa laser illumination is superior to NIR-I laser for deep-tissue PTT, and shows high potential to improve the PTT outcome.
Nutrient chemistry and seasonal variation in the groundwater quality of a Riverine Island on the west coast of Kerala, India
Authors: Kumar P. J. Sajil , Kokkat Aswin , Kurian P. K. , James E. J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study attempted to evaluate the groundwater quality, with a special emphasis on nutrients, of a riverine coastal island near Kodungallur, Kerala. Water quality parameters were analyzed in the collected samples over pre- and post-monsoon seasons. A considerable variation in groundwater chemistry was observed in the two periods. During pre-monsoon season, many wells were contaminated with TDS, Cl, Fe, Ca and Mg in certain locations. Whereas, post-monsoon water was relatively fresh, indicating the dilution process as well as aquifer recharge by the monsoon rain and consequent regression of saline water. A higher concentration of Fe was observed in the pre-monsoon season (41%) than in the post-monsoon season (24%). Nitrate and phosphates were analyzed to assess the nutrients and the observed concentration was below their corresponding permissible limits. Results show that overexploitation of the aquifer as well as the decreased flow of the River Periyar during the pre-monsoon period increased the threat from seawater intrusion and groundwater contamination. An interesting groundwater recharge mechanism locally known as backwashing—the diversion of rainwater from rooftops to dug wells—is being practiced in the study area and has been found to be effective in raising water levels and improving water quality.
Schulisches Wohlbefinden, Zugehörigkeit und Unterstützung bei Schülerinnen und Schülern im gemeinsamen Unterricht der Sekundarstufe I
Authors: Kröske Björn 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Studie untersucht, inwiefern im gemeinsamen Unterricht in der Sekundarstufe I (7.–10. Klasse) das schulische Wohlbefinden, die soziale Zugehörigkeit und die empfundene Unterstützung vom sonderpädagogischen Förderbedarf (SPF) in den Bereichen Lernen (SPF-L), emotionale und soziale Entwicklung (SPF-E/S) und geistige Entwicklung (SPF-G) abhängen. Als weitere Einflussgrößen werden der Leistungsdruck und die Förderung zur Zusammenarbeit berücksichtigt. Als Einflussfaktoren für das Wohlbefinden werden darüberhinaus die Zugehörigkeit und die Unterstützung durch die Lehrkräfte betrachtet. Die Ergebnisse der Mehrebenenanalyse zeigen, dass besonders Schüler_innen mit SPF-E/S ein geringeres schulisches Wohlbefinden, weniger soziale Zugehörigkeit und weniger Unterstützung berichten als Schüler_innen ohne SPF. Hingegen ist das psycho-soziale Empfinden SPF‑L und -G überwiegend vergleichbar mit dem ihrer Mitschüler_innen ohne SPF. Die soziale Unterstützung und Zugehörigkeit tragen zum schulischen Wohlbefinden bei, erklären aber nicht vollständig das geringere Wohlbefinden der Schüler_innen mit SPF-E/S auf, allerdings wirkt sich die Förderung zur Zusammenarbeit in der Klasse positiv auf das psycho-sozialen Erleben aus. Weitergehend wird diskutiert, wie das Erleben von prosozialem Verhalten, speziell bei Schüler_innen mit SPF-E/S, wiederum positiv auf das eigene Sozialverhalten wirkt und folglich ihr Befinden im Unterricht verbessern kann.
Feature learning for Human Activity Recognition using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Cruciani Federico , Vafeiadis Anastasios , Nugent Chris , Cleland Ian , McCullagh Paul , Votis Konstantinos , Giakoumis Dimitrios , Tzovaras Dimitrios , Chen Liming , Hamzaoui Raouf 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) as a feature learning method for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is becoming more and more common. Unlike conventional machine learning methods, which require domain-specific expertise, CNNs can extract features automatically. On the other hand, CNNs require a training phase, making them prone to the cold-start problem. In this work, a case study is presented where the use of a pre-trained CNN feature extractor is evaluated under realistic conditions. The case study consists of two main steps: (1) different topologies and parameters are assessed to identify the best candidate models for HAR, thus obtaining a pre-trained CNN model. The pre-trained model (2) is then employed as feature extractor evaluating its use with a large scale real-world dataset. Two CNN applications were considered: Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and audio based HAR. For the IMU data, balanced accuracy was 91.98% on the UCI-HAR dataset, and 67.51% on the real-world Extrasensory dataset. For the audio data, the balanced accuracy was 92.30% on the DCASE 2017 dataset, and 35.24% on the Extrasensory dataset.
Long-term consequences of the hidden curriculum on social preferences
Authors: Ito Takahiro , Kubota Kohei , Ohtake Fumio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the long-term consequences of elementary school curricula on the formation of social preferences. The estimation results, using Japanese data, show that the hidden (non-academic) curriculum at public elementary schools varies widely by region and is associated with preference formation. Specifically, people who have experienced participatory and cooperative learning practices are more likely to be altruistic, cooperative with others, reciprocal, and have national pride. In contrast, education emphasizing anti-competitive practices is negatively associated with these attributes. Such contrasts can also be seen in other preferences regarding government policies and the market economy. The findings imply that elementary school education, as a place for early socialization, plays an important role in the formation of life-long social preferences.
A computed tomography-based spatial reference for pedicle screw placement in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Brink Rob C. , Homans Jelle F. , de Reuver Steven , van Stralen Marijn , Schlösser Tom P. C. , Viergever Max A. , Chu Winnie C. W. , Ng Bobby K. W. , Castelein René M. , Cheng Jack C. Y. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Study design
Cross-sectional.

Objectives
To determine semiautomatically the 3D position of the pedicle axis in operative adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients relative to the operating table and the lamina, as orientation for pedicle screw placement for better understanding and reference of spine surgeons.

Summary of background data
Pedicle morphology is well described as the angle between the convex and concave pedicle. However, the pedicle angle as relative to the neutral anterior–posterior axis or to an easy-to-use intravertebral landmark, remained unknown.

Methods
The pedicles of the apex and two adjacent vertebrae cranial and caudal to the apex of 86 right-sided primary thoracic AIS curves were evaluated using semiautomatic 3D software on high-resolution CT scans, in the same prone position as during surgery. Pedicle vectors were obtained and calculated as transverse and sagittal angles, as relative to the neutral axis (corresponding with an axis perpendicular to the operating table) and to an axis perpendicular to the lamina.

Results
At the apex, the mean convex and concave transverse pedicle angles were 14.3º (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 12.0–16.6) and 30.4º (95% CI: 28.1–32.8) to the right. The angles decreased toward the adjacent levels cranial and caudal to the apex (p < 0.001) and linearly increased with a higher Cobb angle (r ≥ 0.472; p < 0.001). The mean transverse pedicle–lamina angles, sagittal pedicle angles and the sagittal pedicle–lamina angles differed along the curve as well (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Pedicle angulation differs between convex and concave and depends on the position of the vertebra relative to the apex, as well as the curve severity. The transverse and sagittal pedicle angles, as relative to the operating table and laminae, could provide useful reference for better understanding of the distorted 3D morphology, and the angles, as given in this study, could serve as an approximate guideline for the expected direction of the pedicle screw.

Level of evidence
Level IV.
Phenotyping Sexual Pain in Endometriosis Using the Central Sensitization Inventory
Authors: Orr Natasha L. , Wahl Kate J. , Noga Heather , Allaire Catherine , Williams Christina , Bedaiwy Mohamed A. , Albert Arianne , Smith Kelly B. , Yong Paul J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionDeep dyspareunia, a common symptom in endometriosis, has previously been associated with bladder and/or pelvic floor tenderness (BPFT), which suggests a role for central nervous system sensitization. The Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI, 0–100) is a validated self-reported scale for patients with central sensitization.AimThe objective of this study was to phenotype deep dyspareunia using BPFT and the CSI.MethodsThe methods included cross-sectional analysis from a prospective registry from January 2018 to June 2018 at a tertiary center for endometriosis (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT02911090). Included were women aged 18–50 years with endometriosis (previously surgically diagnosed, current visualized endometrioma on ultrasound, or current palpable or visualized nodule on ultrasound), who were newly or re-referred to the center. Severity of deep dyspareunia was self-reported using an 11-point numeric rating scale (0 = no pain; 10 = worst pain imaginable), categorized as no or low deep dyspareunia (0–4) and high deep dyspareunia (5–10). We identified the subgroup with high deep dyspareunia and presence of BPFT, where we hypothesized a central component of the sexual pain. This subgroup was compared with 2 other subgroups: no or low deep dyspareunia and high deep dyspareunia but no BPFT. The CSI was compared between the groups using analysis of variance, followed by post hoc testing (P &lt; .05).Main Outcome MeasureThe main outcome measure was the CSI score ranging from 0 to 100.ResultsData from 163 women with endometriosis were analyzed. The mean age of this cohort was 36.4 ± 6.8 years, and the mean CSI score was 41.0 ± 18.6. 37 percent (61/163) had high deep dyspareunia and BPFT; 29% (47/163) had high deep dyspareunia and no BPFT; and 34% (55/163) had no or low deep dyspareunia. The CSI significantly differed between the 3 groups (analysis of variance: F = 22.4, P &lt; .001). In post hoc testing, the CSI was higher in women with high deep dyspareunia and BPFT (51.3 ± 16.9), compared with women with no or low deep dyspareunia (30.9 ± 15.4, P &lt; .001) and compared with women with high deep dyspareunia but no BPFT (39.4 ± 17.2, P = .001).Clinical ImplicationsThe CSI could be used to classify and phenotype patients with endometriosis-associated sexual pain.Strength & LimitationsStrengths include a prospective registry with integrated pain scores, validated questionnaires, and physical examination findings. Limitations include the lack of quantitative sensory testing for central sensitization.ConclusionsIn women with endometriosis, the subgroup with high deep dyspareunia and bladder and/or pelvic floor tenderness had a significantly higher score on the CSI than other subgroups, suggesting that this group may have a central component to their sexual pain.
Screening of molecular markers of induced chemotherapy in supraglottic laryngeal squamouscell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Guang , Fang Jugao , Shi Qiang , Wang Ru , Lian Meng , Ma Hongzhi , Feng Ling , Shen Xixi , Wang Yu 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the expressions of MAPK10, c‐Jun and Itga6 in laryngeal carcinoma and its influence on the sensitivity to docetaxel, cisplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (TPF) chemotherapy.MethodsFifty‐seven patients with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma, who were treated by two cycles of TPF induction chemotherapy in our hospital, were enrolled in this study and divided into groups by chemotherapy resistance or chemotherapy sensitivity. The expressions of mRNA and protein of MAPK10, c‐Jun and Itga6 in tumor tissues were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The consistency of mRNA and protein expressions was tested, and the relation with the clinicopathological features was analyzed.ResultsThe positive rates of MAPK10 andc‐Jun in the tumor tissues of the sensitive group were significantly higher than those of there assistant group, which was 90.48% and 100.00%, respectively. The expression rate of Itga6 was significantly higher in the resistant group, which was 83.33% (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of MAPK10 and c‐Jun were significantly lower in the resistant group than in the sensitive group, whilethemRNA levelof Itga6was significantly higher in the resistant group (P < 0.05). The protein expressions of MAPK10, c‐Jun and Itga6 were consistent with their mRNA expressions (P < 0.05). The expressions of MAPK10, c‐Jun and Itga6 were not correlatedwithage, gender and tumor diameter (P > 0.05). However, the expressions of MAPK10 and c‐Jun were negatively correlated withclinical stage and pathological grading (P < 0.05). Negative correlations between MAPK 10 and Itga6, and between c‐Jun and Itga6in tumor tissues were found by Spearman'srank correlation coefficient (P < 0.05). The correlation was also negative in the resistant tumor tissues (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe MAPK10 and c‐Jun expressions were down‐regulated, while the Itga6 expression was up‐regulated in the chemo‐resistant laryngeal carcinoma, and the expression levels of different factors were correlated witheach other. These factorsmight be important biomarkers for predicting outcomes of TPF chemotherapy in laryngeal carcinoma in the future.
A systematic review of economic evaluation in fecal microbiota transplantation
Authors: Stalder Thomas , Kapel Nathalie , Diaz Sophie , Grenouillet Frédéric , Koch Stéphane , Limat Samuel , Daval Franck , Vuitton Lucine , Nerich Virginie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground:Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective therapy in recurrentClostridium difficileinfection (rCDI). It is only recommended for this indication by European and American guidelines. Other indications of FMT are being studied, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and they have shown promising results.Objectives:To identify and review published FMT-related economic evaluations (EEs) to assess their quality and the economic impact of FMT in the treatment of these diseases.Data sources:The systematic literature research was conducted in both PubMed and Cochrane to identify EEs published before July 1, 2019.Study eligibility criteria:Articles were included if they concerned FMT (whatever the disease and its line of treatment), if they reported full or partial EEs, and if they were written in English. Articles were excluded if they did not concern FMT; if they did not report an EE; or if they were a systematic review, editorial, comment, letter to the editor, practice point, or poster.Methods:A measurement tool, AMSTAR, was used to optimize the quality of this systematic review. Based on the CHEERS checklist, data were identified and extracted from articles. The quality of each EE was assessed using the Drummond checklist.Results:Overall, 9 EEs were included: all EEs were full evaluations and 8 were cost-utility analyses (CUAs). All EEs had a Drummond score ≥ 7, which indicated high quality. All CUAs related to rCDI and IBD concluded that FMT was cost-effective compared with other reference treatments, at a threshold ≤$50,000/QALY. One EE about initial CDI showed that FMT was dominated by metronidazole.Conclusions:Despite a limited number of EEs, FMT seems to be a promising and cost-effective treatment for rCDI. More EE studies on other diseases like IBD are necessary to address FMT efficiency for new indications. Therefore, our systematic review provides a framework for healthcare decision making.