bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BEO: Binary Equilibrium Optimizer Combined with Simulated Annealing for Feature Selection
Authors: Ghosh Kushal Kanti , Guha Ritam , Bera Suman Kumar , Sarkar Ram , Mirjalili Seyedali 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This work proposed a binary variant of the recently-proposed Equilibrium Optimizer (EO) to solve binary problems. A v-shaped transfer function is used to map continuous values created in EO to binary. To improve the exploitation of the Binary Equilibrium Optimizer (BEO), the Simulated Annealing is used as one of the most popular local search methods. The proposed BEO algorithm is applied to 18 UCI datasets and compared to a wide range of algorithms. The results demonstrate the superiority and merits of EO when solving feature selection problems.
Invitro filtration efficiency for selected face masks to bacteria with a size smaller than SARS-CoV-2 respiratory droplet
Authors: Amour Maryam , Mwanga Hussein H. , Bwire George M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted between people through respiratory droplets (droplet particles are >5-10 μm in diameter). We conducted an invitro experiment to determine the filtration efficiency for selected face masks (cloth and medical face masks and N95 respirators) to bacteria with a size (0.5-1.5 μm in diameter) smaller than SARS-CoV-2 respiratory droplet. Bacteria suspension was prepared using normal saline (NaCl) and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and maintained at a turbidity of 0.5 MacFarland. The suspensions was put in a 100ml plastic spray bottle (with an approximated 250 μl and flow rate of 31.5 ft3/min per spray) and then a single spray was performed to the test masks. Swabbing was done to unsprayed side of the test mask within 0 and after 4 hrs. The swab was streaked on CLED media then incubated for 48 hours at 37oC in ambient air. Bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) was determined as the proportions of colony forming units (CFUs) between the test and control mask. The selected face masks had BFE of 100% and >99% for medical and double layer cotton cloth masks, respectively. This study supports the use of cotton cloth (at least double layer) face coverings in public settings where other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain to prevent the spread of infection from the wearer.
IKONOS: An intelligent tool to support diagnosis of Covid-19 by texture analysis of x-ray images
Authors: Gomes Juliana Carneiro , Barbosa Valter Augusto de Freitas , Santana Maíra Araújo de , Bandeira Jonathan , Valença Mêuser Jorge Silva , Souza Ricardo Emmanuel de , Ismael Aras Masood , Santos Wellington Pinheiro dos 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In late 2019, the SARS-Cov-2 spread worldwide. The virus has high rates of proliferation and causes severe respiratory symptoms, such as pneumonia. There is still no specific treatment and diagnosis for the disease. The standard diagnostic method for pneumonia is chest X-ray image. There are many advantages to using Covid-19 diagnostic X-rays: low cost, fast and widely available. We propose an intelligent system to support diagnosis by X-ray images.We tested Haralick and Zernike moments for feature extraction. Experiments with classic classifiers were done. Support vector machines stood out, reaching an average accuracy of 89.78%, average recall and sensitivity of 0.8979, and average precision and specificity of 0.8985 and 0.9963 respectively. The system is able to differentiate Covid-19 from viral and bacterial pneumonia, with low computational cost.
Br diffusion in phonolitic melts: Comparison with fluorine and chlorine diffusion
Authors: Balcone-Boissard Hélène , Baker Don R. , Villemant Benoit , Cauzid Jean , Boudon Georges , Deloule E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Bromine diffusion was measured in two natural phonolitic melts: (1) a K2O-rich (~10 wt%) one synthesized from the white pumice phase of the 79 AD eruption of Vesuvius (Italy), and (2) a Na2O-rich (~10 wt%) one corresponding to the most differentiated melt of the 12 000 BC eruption of the Laacher See (Germany). Experiments were performed at 0.5 and 1.0 GPa, 1250 to 1450 °C, at anhydrous and hydrous (2.65 ± 0.35 wt% of dissolved water) conditions. Experiments conducted with the diffusion-couple technique in the piston cylinder were performed with only bromine diffusing and with the simultaneous diffusion of a halogen mixture (F, Cl, Br) to evaluate the interactions between the halogens during diffusion. The diffusion profiles of Br were measured by X-ray fluorescence using synchrotron radiation microprobe (SYXRF), ID18F, at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF, France). Bromine diffusion displays Arrhenian behavior under anhydrous conditions that is similar when it diffuses alone and when it diffuses with F and Cl. The Br diffusion coefficients range between 2 × 10–12 m2/s at 1250 °C and 1.5 × 10–11 m2/s at 1450 °C for the Na-rich melt and between 3 × 10–12 m2/s at 1250 °C and 2.5 × 10–11 m2/s at 1450 °C for the K-rich melt, at 1.0 GPa. Although Br mobility is independent of F and Cl in anhydrous phonolitic melts, its behavior may be dependent on the dominant alkali in the melt, as previously observed for Cl, but not F. For hydrous experiments, although the data are scattered, the Br diffusivity increases slightly with water and the Na/K ratio seems to influence Br diffusivity. Similarly to noble gases, halogen diffusivity at a given temperature in the phonolitic melts appears related to the ionic porosity of the silicate structure. Compared to basaltic melt, Br diffusivities are approximately one order of magnitude lower in the Na-phonolite melt, because of the difference of the pre-exponential factor. Br mobility appears to be decoupled from melt viscosity, considering the results here.
Benefit-cost analysis of water quality policy and criteria in the Delaware River
Authors: Kauffman Gerald J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research conducts a benefit-cost analysis of water policies to reach an optimal level of dissolved oxygen (DO) to meet year-round fishable water quality criteria in the Delaware River. A watershed pollutant load model is utilized to estimate marginal cost curves of water quality improvements to meet a more protective year-round fishable standard and annual benefits are defined to achieve future DO criteria in the Delaware River. The most cost-effective DO standard is 4.5 mg/L defined by the point where the marginal benefits of willingness to pay (WTP) for improved water quality equals the marginal costs of pollution reduction. This optimal criteria (4.5 mg/L) can be achieved at a cost of $150 million with benefits ranging from $250 to $700 million/year. While a future DO standard of 4.5 mg/L reflects an economically efficient level of water quality, this DO criteria is less protective than the level of 5–6 mg/L needed to protect anadromous fish such as the Atlantic sturgeon. The policy to reach a DO level of 6 mg/L (at 80% DO saturation) may be difficult to achieve at summer water temperatures that approach 30 °C in the Delaware River at Philadelphia.
Desenvolvimento de doces cremosos de mirtilo e framboesa com polpa de Gila
Authors: Sommer Sueli Fiorini , Sant'Anna VOLTAIRE 
Published: May 2020

O mirtilo e a framboesa são pequenos frutos ricos em compostos fenólicos e propriedades antioxidantes, que estão ganhando a preferência dos produtores e consumidores. Enquanto que a abóbora gila é uma hortaliça não convencional, com propriedades antiglicemiantes, ainda pouco explorada comercialmente. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver doces cremosos de mirtilo e framboesa, com adição de diferentes proporções de gila, como forma de reduzir custos de produção sem alterar a aceitação sensorial dos doces. O experimento foi realizado na sede da Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, unidade de Encantado RS. Foram adicionadas diferentes proporções de polpa de gila (0, 10, 15 e 20%) em doces de mirtilo e de framboesa. Os doces foram submetidos a análises sensoriais e físico-químicas de antocianinas e polifenóis totais. Os de mirtilo, além de não apresentarem diferença na concentração de polifenóis totais e de aceitação sensorial, ainda resultaram em maior concentração de antocianinas, em função da adição de gila. Já os de framboesa apresentaram diferenças significativas na avaliação sensorial e redução da concentração de antocianinas, porém não obtiveram redução na concentração de polifenóis totais. Concluiu-se que a adição de polpa de gila é uma opção viável para elaboração de doces cremosos de mirtilo e framboesa, como forma de reduzir custos sem alterar significativamente a aceitação dos produtos.
Mechanism of Shuang-Huang-Lian Oral Liquid for Treatment of Mycoplasmal Pneumonia in Children on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Shi Ling , Wu Qi-Guo , Zhang Ju-Cheng , Yang Guang-Ming , Liu Wei , Wang Ze-Feng 
Published: May 2020

Background and Objective:
Mycoplasmal pneumonia (MP) can lead to inflammation,
multiple system immune damage, and mixed infection in children. The pathogenesis is still
unclear. Shuang-Huang-Lian (SHL) oral liquid can treat acute upper respiratory tract infection,
acute bronchitis and light pneumonia. However, our current understanding of the molecular
mechanisms supporting its clinical application still lags behind due to the lack of researches. It is
difficult to understand the overall sensitization mechanism of SHL oral liquid. The purpose is to
explain the mechanism of action of drugs in this study, which is useful to ensure the safety of
medication for children.

Methods:
The therapeutic mechanism of SHL oral liquid was investigated by a system
pharmacology approach integrating drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction,
ADMET, protein-protein interaction worknet, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto
Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database pathway performance, C-T-P network construction
and molecular docking.

Results:
A total of 18 active ingredients contained in SHL oral liquid and 53 major proteins were
screened out as effective players in the treatment of M. pneumoniae disease through some related
pathways and molecular docking. The majority of targets, hubs and pathways were highly related
to anti-mycoplasma therapy, immunity and inflammation process.

Conclusions:
This study shows that the anti-bacterial effect of SHL oral liquid has multicomponent,
multi-target and multi-pathway phenomena. The proposed approach may provide a
feasible tool to clarify the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines and further develop their
therapeutic potentials.
In silico and In vivo Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Inhibitors Against Parkinson's Disease using the C. elegans Model
Authors: Hanumanthappa Pradeep , Ashok Arpitha , Prakash Inderjit , Priya Carmel I. , Zinzala Julie , Marigowda Vidya V. , Sosalegowda Aparna H. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Parkinson’s disease ranks second, after Alzheimer’s as the major
neurodegenerative disorder, for which no cure or disease-modifying therapies exist. Ample
evidence indicate that PD manifests as a result of impaired anti-oxidative machinery leading to
neuronal death wherein Cullin-3 has ascended as a potential therapeutic target for diseases
involving damaged anti-oxidative machinery.

Objective:
The design of target specific inhibitors for the Cullin-3 protein might be a promising
strategy to increase the Nrf2 levels and to decrease the possibility of “off-target” toxic properties.

Methods:
In the present study, an integrated computational and wet lab approach was adopted to
identify small molecule inhibitors for Cullin-3. The rational drug designing process comprised
homology modeling and derivation of the pharmacophore for Cullin-3, virtual screening of Zinc
natural compound database, molecular docking and Molecular dynamics based screening of ligand
molecules. In vivo validations of an identified lead compound were conducted in the PD model of
C. elegans.

Results and Discussion:
Our strategy yielded a potential inhibitor; (Glide score = -12.31), which
was evaluated for its neuroprotective efficacy in the PD model of C. elegans. The inhibitor was able
to efficiently defend against neuronal death in PD model of C. elegans and the neuroprotective effects
were attributed to its anti-oxidant activities, supported by the increase in superoxide dismutase,
catalase and the diminution of acetylcholinesterase and reactive oxygen species levels. In addition, the
Cullin-3 inhibitor significantly restored the behavioral deficits in the transgenic C. elegans.

Conclusion:
Taken together, these findings highlight the potential utility of Cullin-3 inhibition to
block the persistent neuronal death in PD. Further studies focusing on Cullin-3 and its mechanism
of action would be interesting.
Model-based Meta-analysis to Compare Primary Efficacy-endpoint, Efficacy-time Course, Safety, and Tolerability of Opioids Used in the Management of Osteoarthritic Pain in Humans
Authors: Alhaj-Suliman Suhaila Omar , Milavetz Gary , Salem Aliasger Karimjee 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Despite recent therapeutic advances, osteoarthritis continues to be a challenging health
problem, especially in the elderly population. Opioids, which are potent analgesics, have shown an extraordinary
ability to reduce intense pain in many osteoarthritic clinical trials; however, there is an increased need for a study to
integrate the reported outcomes and utilize them to achieve a better understanding. Herein, efficacy and safety
aspects of opioids used to manage osteoarthritic pain were assessed and compared using a model-based meta-analysis
(MBMA).

Methods:
To perform the analysis, a comprehensive database consisting of pain relief compounds with information
on summary-level of efficacy over time, adverse events and dropout rates was compiled from multiple sources.
MBMA was conducted using a nonlinear mixed-effects modeling approach.

Results:
The results of primary efficacy endpoint analysis indicated that the doses of oxycodone, oxymorphone, and
tramadol required to produce 50% of the maximum effect were 47, 84, and 247 mg per day, respectively. Efficacytime
course analysis showed that opioids had rapid time to efficacy onset, suggesting potentially powerful painrelieving
effects. It was also found that gastrointestinal adverse events were the most opioid-associated and dosedependent
adverse effects. In addition, the analysis revealed that opioids were well-tolerated at low to moderate
doses.

Conclusions:
This MBMA provides clinically meaningful insights into the efficacy and safety profiles of oxycodone,
oxymorphone, and tramadol. Resultantly, the presented framework analysis can have an impact in the clinic on drug
development where it can guide: the optimization of doses of opioids required to manage osteoarthritic pain; the
making of precise key decisions for the positioning of new drugs, and; the design of more efficient trials.
The Influence of Salinomycin on the Expression Profile of mRNAs Encoding Selected Caspases and MiRNAs Regulating their Expression in Endometrial Cancer Cell Line
Authors: Januszyk Krzysztof , Januszyk Piotr , Grabarek Beniamin O. , Boroñ Dariusz , Oplawski Marcin 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Apoptosis could take place in the pathway dependent on death receptors or
pathways dependent on mitochondria. In both, a key role is played by enzymes with protease activity,
known as caspases.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess the variances in the expression pattern of caspase-dependent
signaling pathways in the endometrial cancer cell line when treated with salinomycin. Additionally, the
changes in the level of miRNA that potentially regulate these mRNAs were evaluated.

Materials and Methods:
Endometrial cancer cells were treated with 1 μM of salinomycin for 12, 24
and 48 hours. Untreated cells made up the control culture. The molecular analysis consisted of screening
mRNA and miRNA microarray expression profiles of caspases, and the evaluation of the expression
of caspases 3,8 and 9 by RTqPCR, also on the protein level.

Results and Discussion:
It was observed that 5 of the 14 differentiating mRNAs were commonly
found for all incubation times of the cells and they corresponded with CASP3, CASP8, and CASP9
genes. The highest impact probability was determined between CASP3(up-regulated) and hsa- miR-
30d (FC -2.01), CASP8 (down-regulated) and hsa-miR-21 (FC +1.39) and between CASP9 (upregulated)
and hsa-miR-1271 (FC +1.71).

Conclusion:
Salinomycin induces the apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells. The largest increase in
activity was noted for caspases 3 and 9, while the expression of caspase 8 was decreased. Salinomycin
causes a regulatory effect on the transcriptomes of mRNA and miRNA in in vitro endometrial cancer
cells.
Impact of HbA1C (Glycated Hemoglobin) and Glucose on Outcomes of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Large Artery Occlusion
Authors: Kim Jin G. , Yi Ho J. , Lee Dong H. , Sung Jae H. 
Published: May 2020

Objective:
This study evaluated the relationship between HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin),
admission serum glucose levels and outcomes in patients with large artery occlusion (LAO)
treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

Methods:
A total of 413 patients were enrolled, and the following outcomes were reviewed: successful
recanalization, symptomatic hemorrhage, favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale, mRS
scores of 0-2), and mortality at 3 months. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis
was undertaken to identify the cutoff values for HbA1C and glucose to discriminate between
favorable and unfavorable outcomes. The association of HbA1c and glucose levels with outcomes
was evaluated using logistic regression.

Results:
The best cutoff values to discriminate between favorable and unfavorable outcome after 3
months were identified by an HbA1C value of 6.0% and an admission serum glucose level of 131
mg/dL (P = <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Patients with HbA1C ≥6.0% had a lower ratio of favorable
mRS, more symptomatic hemorrhage, and higher mortality than those of HbA1C <6.0%
(P = 0.002, 0.001, and <0.001, respectively). In multivariate analysis, high HbA1C (≥6.0%) and
serum glucose on admission (≥131 mg/dL) were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes
at 3 months (P = 0.006 and 0.009, respectively).

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated that patients with HbA1C ≥6.0% had more unfavorable 3-
month mRS, higher symptomatic hemorrhage, and a higher degree of mortality than those with
HbA1C <6.0%. Higher HbA1C and admission serum glucose levels are independent predictors of
unfavorable clinical outcomes in LAO patients treated with MT.
Effect of Cabergoline on Cognitive Impairments in Transgenic Drosophila Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Siddique Yasir Hasan , Rahul  , Idrisi Mantasha , Shahid Mohd. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Parkinson’s disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized
by selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta.

Introduction:
The effects of alpha synuclein, parkin mutation and pharmacological agents have
been studied in the Drosophila model.

Methods:
The effect of cabergoline was studied on the cognitive impairments exhibited by the
transgenic Drosophila expressing human alpha-synuclein in the neurons. The PD flies were allowed
to feed on the diet having 0.5, 1 and 1.5 μM of cabergoline.

Results and Discussion:
The exposure of cabergoline not only showed a dose-dependent significant
delay in the cognitive impairments but also prevented the loss of dopaminergic neurons. Molecular
docking studies showed the positive interaction between cabergoline and alpha-synuclein.

Conclusion:
The results suggest a protective effect of cabergoline against the cognitive impairments.
Efficacy of the detection of the early symptoms of Cancer cell, Prevention and the diagnosis procedure
Authors: Islam Md Mahfujul , Molla Md Al Amin 
Published: May 2020

:
The aim to examine the signs for the potency of interventions to raise cancer awareness along with promote early
demonstration in most cancers to share with future and policy investigation. Several peer-reviewed journals as well as books,
conference paper and authentic website (like as NCBI, PubMed, CRI, CRU, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, Web of Science, etc.) Also,
we looked for bibliographic databases and reference lists Such as randomized controlled trials of interventions brought to Individuals
and commanded or uncontrolled reports of interventions brought to communities. The results found the signs that interventions reach
to people subconsciously increase the cancer awareness from the short term and inadequate signs they advertise premature
demonstration. This analysis helps to find appropriate info about categorizing the early indicators of many kinds of cancer cells on
addition to appropriate guidelines to conquer cancer in low-Mid center income areas. Whereas contained the structured screening
program, which helps detect cancer early and having a heightened chance of therapeutic and treatment content, taking essential
measures to elevate the consciousness of the detectable symptoms.
Novel Aminopyrazole Tagged Hydrazones as Anti-Tubercular Agents: Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Padmini Thatavarthi , Bhikshapathi Darna , Suresh Kandagatla , Kulkarni Ravindra , Kamal Bigala R. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Pyrazole derivatives have been reported to possess numerous pharmacological
activities viz., anti-inflammatory, antipsychotic, etc. Our group has disclosed that pyrazole
benzamides display potent antibacterial and anti-tubercular activities.

Objective:
Synthesis of new pyrazole acetamides which possess hydrazone group to be evaluated
for antitubercular activity.

Methods:
The key intermediate 5-aminopyrazole was synthesized with the known procedure,
which is then converted into chloroacetamide. This compound than resulted in hydrazine derivative
and finally converted into aromatic hydrazones. All the compounds were screened for antitubercular
activity.

Results:
All the synthesized compounds have been characterized by their spectral data obtained
and subjected to anti-tubercular activity. Among all the twenty tested compounds, three compounds,
5a5, 5b5 and 5b7 have demonstrated MIC value of 3.12 μg/mL against MTB H37Rv.
Docking studies revealed important hydrogen bonding interactions with InhA.

Conclusion:
Three compounds 5a5, 5b5 and 5b7 were found to be most potent among the series
of compounds. Docking studies of compounds explained the presence of hydrogen bonding and π-
π stacking interactions with InhA. Further synthesis of more such derivatives with optimized
groups would produce compounds with more potent anti-tubercular activity.