bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the plant–herbivore network topology of different insect guilds in Neotropical savannas
Authors: Oliveira J.B.B.S. , Faria Maurício L. , Borges Magno A.Z , Fagundes Marcílio , de Araújo Walter S. 
Published: October 2019

1. Herbivorous insects can be classified into several trophic guilds with different levels of specialisation on their host plants, which may influence the topological structure of their trophic networks. The present study tested the hypothesis that the structure of plant–herbivore networks differs between guilds of galling, sucking, and chewing insects.2. Six areas of Neotropical savannas were studied in two localities in the North of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In each area, interactions between plant and insect species were used to build networks for different guilds.3. In total, 18 plant–herbivore networks were built, comprising 317 insect morphospecies, 50 plant species, and 489 distinct interactions. The networks were characterised using species richness and different network topological measures (connectance, modularity, nestedness, and specialisation).4. The results obtained showed no difference in species richness, network size, and connectance between distinct insect herbivore guilds. However, it was found that modularity was higher for exophagous than galling insect networks and nestedness was higher for chewers than for other guilds. On the other hand, galling insect networks showed higher specialisation than exophagous insect networks, and sucking insect networks were more specialised than chewing insect networks.5. The findings of the present study indicate that, although species richness did not differ between insect guilds of herbivores in Neotropical savannas, the topological structure of networks is sensitive to biological and ecological differences between these herbivore groups. The present study stands out as the first to systematically compare the network structure of different herbivore guilds in Neotropical savannas.
Sublethal effect of Beauveria bassiana on feeding and fecundity of the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)
Authors: Trissi A. N. , El‐Bouhssini M. , Skinner M. , Parker B. L. 
Published: October 2019

The sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton, is a major pest of wheat in West and Central Asia. Studies were conducted to investigate the effect of Beauveria bassiana (teleomorph; Cordyceps bassiana) isolates on the sunn pest. Bioassays were done with adult insects collected from overwintering sites at three different times. The effect of sublethal doses of fungi on the insects’ feeding and fecundity was determined. When the sunn pest adults were treated with 2 × 107 conidia mL−1, all isolates caused significant sunn pest mortality varying between 24 and 100% 12 days after inoculation. There were significant differences between mortality, depending on the date of fungal application. Adult sunn pests treated with B. bassiana at sublethal concentrations caused significantly less damage to wheat leaves than sunn pests in the control. The number of eggs laid by the sunn pest was significantly fewer when wheat plots in plastic greenhouse and field cages were infested with adult sunn pests treated at sublethal concentrations, compared with sunn pests in control plots. Results show that sublethal dosages of B. bassiana reduced sunn pest feeding and fecundity. Applying B. bassiana in sunn pest overwintering sites minimizes the pest populations, which would move to wheat fields in spring.
Allodynia in Menstrually Related Migraine: Score Assessment by Allodynia Symptom Checklist (ASC‐12)
Authors: Melhado Eliana Meire , Thiers Rister Hýkaro Leonelli , Galego Débora Renata , de Oliveira Arão Belitardo , Buttarello Isadora Abib , Belucio Inaê Silveira , Oliveira Marcos Juliana Maria , Xavier Maria Luiza Tonhá , Peres Mário Fernando Prieto 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the allodynia score in headache attacks related and not related to menstruation in women diagnosed with menstrually related migraine without aura.BackgroundAllodynia is an important symptom in migraine and has been associated with migraine chronification. No study has yet compared prospectively allodynia in menstrual vs non‐menstrual attacks within the same cohort of patients.MethodsThis is a prospective cohort study, where participants had the 12‐item Allodynia Symptom Checklist (ASC‐12) assessed after 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours from the onset of migraine attacks in 2 different conditions, with menstrual migraine attack (MM+) and with non‐menstrual migraine attack (MM−).ResultsA total of 600 women with headache complaints were screened from March 2013 to July 2014 in a headache outpatient or headache tertiary clinic. From these, 55 participants were recruited, and 32 completed the study. Participants' mean age was 27 years, BMI was 22.1, menarche age 12 years, migraine history was 11.5 years, and most women were young (ranged from 17 to 44 years of age), were in higher school (13/32 = 41%), single (20/32 = 63%), and used contraceptives (22/32 = 69%). Multiple pairwise comparisons of ANCOVA's test showed significant higher ASC‐12 scores in MM+ group compared to MM− group at 2 hours [mean, 95% CI of difference: 2.3 (0.31, 4.7), P = .049)]. For the ASC‐12 categorical scores (absent, mild, moderate, and severe) MM+ yielded higher scores than MM− at 1 hour (z = −3.08, P = .021) and 4 hours (z = −2.97, P = .03).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that in the patents from tertiary headache center assessed, menstrual‐related migraine attacks augment allodynia scores in the beginning of attacks compared to non‐menstrual migraine attacks.
Evaluation of residual stresses during brazing of Al2O3‐ZrO2 to cemented tungsten carbide
Authors: Contarato Flavien , Bach Murielle , Krier Joël , Gobled Anne , Mille Pierre 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn the context of the assembly of a cutting tool for wood machining, this article proposes to evaluate the residual stress in a ceramic plate (Al2O3‐ZrO2) induced by a brazing step with a cemented tungsten carbide (WC‐Co) through a brazing filler (Ag‐Cu‐Ti). The residual stresses were evaluated using neutron and X‐ray diffraction method. Moreover, a mathematical model was used in the case of a three layer assembly, which is based on mechanical properties such as: the thermal coefficient, the Young's modulus, the Poisson's ratio and the thickness of each layer. The observation of the chemical mapping of the brazing filler before and after the assembly, using energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), showed the chemical migration of the titanium to the ceramic oxide and the tungsten carbide. It was estimated that the brazed assembly is under a flexural stress, with a maximum in a compressive stress area near the brazing joint which reaches 85.6 MPa. This stress value reaches 12% of the bending strength allowed by the ceramic (716 MPa). The discussion proposes to highlight the limits of each method. The mathematical model has however shown good accuracy to give a first estimated residual stress in the ceramic plate.
A narrative review on the consultation tools available for pharmacists in the United Kingdom: do they facilitate person-centred care?
Authors: Da Costa Daniel L , Corlett Sarah A , Dodds Linda J 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo identify consultation tools cited in the published literature and undertake a narrative review which establishes their scope to support the delivery of person-centred medicine-focused consultations between community pharmacists and patients in the United Kingdom (UK).Key findingsNine consultation tools used in a pharmacy context were identified. Four tools (Calgary-Cambridge guide, MRCF, MUR and NMS advanced services and PaCT) were selected for further appraisal. None of the tools identified provided a suitable format or sufficient guidance to address all components required for the delivery of a person-centred patient consultation in practice.SummaryTools available to UK pharmacists are inadequate for fully supporting delivery of a person-centred consultation in practice. Revision of existing tools or creation of more pharmacy-specific tools will support UK pharmacists' delivery of person-centred consultations in practice.
Strategy of catheter ablation for para‐Hisian premature ventricular contractions with the assistance of remote magnetic navigation
Authors: Xie Yun , Jin Qi , Zhang Ning , Liu Ao , Xing Chaofan , Jia Kangni , Wei Yue , Bao Yangyang , Luo Qingzhi , Lin Changjian , Ling Tianyou , Chen Kang , Pan Wenqi , Wu Liqun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation of frequent para‐Hisian premature ventricular contractions (PH‐PVCs) is considered to be challenging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the strategy, potential technical advantages, and clinical outcomes of remote magnetic navigation (RMN) in the ablation of PH‐PVCs.MethodsFifteen consecutive patients with PH‐PVCs were included in this study. Electrical mapping was initially performed in the right ventricular septum by manipulating the RMN catheter with a “U‐curve.” In the case of no optimal ablation site or ablation failure, the ablation catheter was directed to the left ventricular (LV) septum through a transseptal approach for further mapping and ablation by manipulating the RMN catheter with a “reverse S‐curve.”ResultsNine of 15 patients were submitted to ablation on the right side. However, ablation success was only achieved in only three (33%) cases. Of the other 12 patients, 11 underwent LV mapping and ablation. In this subset, 9 of 11 (82%) PH‐PVCs were totally eliminated on the left side. Overall, RMN‐guided mapping and ablation successfully eliminated 12 (80%) of 15 idiopathic PH‐PVCs. During follow‐up, the reoccurrence of PVCs was reported in 1 (8%) of 12 patients. No atrioventricular block was observed during or after the procedure.ConclusionRMN‐guided catheter ablation for PH‐PVCs is effective and safe in unselected patients. Due to the excellent reachability and contact with special morphologies of the RMN catheter on both sides of the ventricular septum, RMN can be considered an effective approach for frequent PH‐PVCs.
Expression level of EGFR and MET receptors regulates invasiveness of melanoma cells
Authors: Pietraszek‐Gremplewicz Katarzyna , Simiczyjew Aleksandra , Dratkiewicz Ewelina , Podgórska Marta , Styczeń Ilona , Matkowski Rafał , Ziętek Marcin , Nowak Dorota 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEpidermal and hepatocyte growth factors can stimulate invasive abilities of melanoma cells, while treatment with combination of their receptors' (EGFR and MET, respectively) inhibitors reduces viability of these cells, as we have previously shown. Proposed therapy has potential; however, used drugs block more than one goal effectively, what raises the question about the real target of analysed inhibitors. For this reason, we analysed direct involvement of these receptors in the invasion of melanoma cells inducing EGFR and MET up‐ and down‐regulations in examined cells. Results were acquired with assays evaluating cell migration and invasion (scratch wound assay, Transwell filter‐based method and single‐cell tracking). We revealed that cells' motile abilities are increased after EGFR overexpression and decreased following EGFR and MET silencing. This outcome correlates with elevated (EGFR up‐regulation) or reduced (EGFR/MET down‐regulation) number of formed invadopodia, visualized with immunofluorescence, and their rate of proteolytic abilities, evaluated by fluorescent gelatin degradation assay, and gelatin zymography, compared to control cells. Above‐mentioned data indicate that both—EGFR and MET signalling is directly connected with melanoma cells invasion, what establishes these receptors as promising targets for anti‐cancer treatment.
Thymoquinone suppresses platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB–induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration and neointimal formation
Authors: Zhu Ning , Xiang Yijia , Zhao Xuyong , Cai Changhong , Chen Hao , Jiang Wenbing , Wang Yi , Zeng Chunlai 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are mainly responsible for vascular occlusion diseases, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension and restenosis. Our previous study demonstrated thymoquinone (TQ) attenuated monocrotaline‐induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. The aim of the present study is to systematically examine inhibitory effects of TQ on platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB)–induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs in vitro and neointimal formation in vivo and elucidate the potential mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells were isolated from the aorta in rats. Cell viability and proliferation were measured in VSMCs using the MTT assay. Cell migration was detected by wound healing assay and Transwell assay. Alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and Ki‐67‐positive cells were examined by immunofluorescence staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry and terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase–mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining, respectively. Molecules including the mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis factors, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), PTEN/AKT and mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were determined by Western blot. Neointimal formation was induced by ligation in male Sprague Dawley rats and evaluated by HE staining. Thymoquinone inhibited PDGF‐BB–induced VSMC proliferation and the increase in α‐SMA and Ki‐67‐positive cells. Thymoquinone also induced apoptosis via mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis pathway and p38MAPK. Thymoquinone blocked VSMC migration by inhibiting MMP2. Finally, TQ reversed neointimal formation induced by ligation in rats. Thus, TQ is a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of occlusive vascular diseases.
Koi herpesvirus and carp oedema virus: Infections and coinfections during mortality events of wild common carp in the United States
Authors: Padhi Soumesh K. , Tolo Isaiah , McEachran Margaret , Primus Alexander , Mor Sunil K. , Phelps Nicholas B. D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractKoi herpesvirus (KHV; cyprinid herpesvirus‐3) and carp oedema virus (CEV) are important viruses of common and koi carp (Cyprinus carpio); however, the distribution of these viruses in wild common carp in North America is largely unknown. During the summers of 2017 and 2018, 27 mass mortalities of common carp were reported from four states in the USA (Minnesota, Iowa, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin), the majority of which were distributed across eight major watersheds in southern Minnesota. Samples from 22 of these mortality events and from five clinically healthy nearby carp populations were screened for KHV, CEV and SVCV using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). KHV was confirmed in 13 mortality events, CEV in two mortality events and coinfections of KHV/CEV in four mortality events. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the KHV and CEV detected here are closely related to European lineages of these viruses. While molecular detection alone cannot conclusively link either virus with disease, the cases described here expand the known range of two important viruses. This is also the first reported detection of KHV and CEV coinfections in wild carp populations.
Classification of oolong tea varieties based on hyperspectral imaging technology and BOSS‐LightGBM model
Authors: Ge Xiao , Sun Jun , Lu Bing , Chen Quansheng , Xun Wei , Jin Yanting 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA fast and nondestructive detection method based on hyperspectral imaging technology (HSI) was investigated in this study to discriminate different oolong tea varieties. Five varieties of oolong tea were taken as the research object. Multiplicative scatter correction was used to reduce the influence of noise in the raw spectra. Then competitive adaptive reweighted sampling and bootstrapping soft shrinkage (BOSS) were applied, respectively, to select characteristic wavelengths. Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) were individually utilized to establish classification models. Finally, the BOSS‐LightGBM model for discriminating tea varieties achieved the best performance, with the accuracy of 100% in the training set and 97.33% in the prediction set. Therefore, it is feasible to use HSI technology coupled with the BOSS‐LightGBM model for the classification of oolong tea varieties.Practical applicationsTieguanyin tea is a high value commodity in the tea market. Replacing Tieguanyin tea with cheaper oolong tea varieties is a common way utilized by illegal traders to maximize profit. Traditional methods for identifying tea varieties are time‐consuming and destructive, and are thus unable to meet the requirements of modern agriculture. In this study, hyperspectral imaging technology (HSI) was applied to realize the fast and nondestructive detection of tea varieties. The final results show that using HSI technology to discriminate different oolong tea varieties is feasible, and also provide a theoretical basis for the design of a portable tea variety detection device.
Performance evaluation of developed low‐temperature grinding mill
Authors: Shelake Pramod S. , Dabhi Mukesh N. , Sabat Mousumi , Rathod Pankaj J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe performance evaluation of the developed low‐temperature grinding mill was carried out on the basis of temperature inside the grinding chamber at the end of grinding, flour temperature, and time of grinding; while aiming to minimize the milling loss. Turmeric powder ground at low temperature was analyzed on the basis of volatile oil, protein, carbohydrates, moisture, fat, and ash content and compared with that of turmeric ground at ambient temperature (control treatment). It was found that low‐temperature ground turmeric contains more volatile oil, protein, carbohydrates, and fat. Volatile oil analysis of the control treatment and the best between all treatments were carried out using GC–MS. Major compounds, namely ar‐curcumene, ar‐tumerone, γ‐curcumene, and monoterpenes, present in volatile oil were retained in low temperature ground turmeric sample that were not found in the sample of control treatment.Practical ApplicationsThis low‐temperature grinding mill operates efficiently with less cost as compared to other existing low temperature grinding technologies while maintaining the nutritional quality, aroma, and flavor of the product.
Estimating cadmium content in lettuce leaves based on deep brief network and hyperspectral imaging technology
Authors: Sun Jun , Wu Minmin , Hang Yingying , Lu Bing , Wu Xiaohong , Chen Quansheng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCadmium is a big threat to human health, so it is necessary to find adaptable methods to detect the cadmium content in vegetables. This study was conducted to estimate cadmium content in lettuce leaves using hyperspectral imaging system in the range of 431–961 nm covering 618 bands. Then a total of 1,260 average spectral data was calculated from region of interest (ROI). Afterwards, deep brief network (DBN) optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) was proposed to predict cadmium content in lettuce leaves. Besides, traditional models such as “support vector regression based on successive projections algorithm” (SPA–SVR) were also established as comparison. Finally, results shown that PSO–DBN model had the optimal performance with Rp2 = 0.9234, RMSEP = 0.5423 mg/kg, RPDp = 3.5894 for cadmium content prediction. Therefore, it is possible to realize rapid and nondestructive detection of cadmium content in lettuce leaves by the combination of hyperspectral imaging technology and deep brief network.Practical ApplicationLettuce is easy to absorb heavy metals from the environment. Using hyperspectral imaging technology combined with deep brief network can realize the detection of cadmium content in lettuce leaves quickly and effectively. This work can provide an effective analysis method for study on heavy metal in vegetables.
Identifying older people at risk of malnutrition and treatment in the community: prevalence and concurrent validation of the Patients Association Nutrition Checklist with ‘MUST’
Authors: Murphy J. L. , Aburrow A. , Guestini A. , Brown R. , Parsons E. , Wallis K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundDespite policy guidance and quality standards, the majority of older adults with or at risk of malnutrition living in the community still remain under‐detected and under‐treated by health and social care professionals. The present study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity of the Patients Association Nutrition Checklist against the ‘Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool’ (‘MUST’).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study involved 312 older adults recruited from 21 lunch and social groups. All participants were screened as per standard methodology for ‘MUST’. For the Patients Association Nutrition Checklist, they provided information about signs of unintentional weight loss in the past 3–6 months, experiencing loss of appetite or interest in eating. Chance‐corrected agreement (κ) was assessed.ResultsMean (SD) age of participants was 79.6 (8.3) years and body mass index was 27.8 (5.6) kg m–2. The majority (n = 197; 63%) were living alone. Using ‘MUST’, the overall prevalence of malnutrition was 9.9% (n = 31) comprising 6.7% at medium risk and 3.2% at high risk. There were 21.8% of participants (n = 68) rated at risk of overall malnutrition by the Patients Association Nutrition Checklist. Moderate agreement was observed between the two tools (κ = 0.47, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe Patients Association Nutrition Checklist has potential for early identification of malnutrition risk, attributed to unintentional weight loss and appetite changes with signposting to basic dietary advice and appropriate support. Further work is required to understand how this tool could be effectively used by stakeholders including volunteers, community workers and home care staff.
Cultural Determinants of Household Saving Behavior
Authors: FUCHS‐SCHÜNDELN NICOLA , MASELLA PAOLO , PAULE‐PALUDKIEWICZ HANNAH 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRelying on the epidemiological approach, we show that culture is a significant driver of household saving behavior. Second‐generation immigrants from countries that put strong emphasis on thrift or wealth accumulation tend to save more in Germany. We confirm these results in data from the United Kingdom. By linking parents to their children, we show that these two cultural components affect the saving behavior of both first‐generation immigrants and their children.