bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of histology classification on pathologic treatment response and overall survival in distal esophageal cancer patients: a propensity matched analysis
Authors: Saeed Sabrina M , Naffouje Samer , Mehta Rutika , Hoffe Sarah E , Fontaine Jacques P , Lauwers Gregory Y , Shah Parth , Frakes Jessica , Pimiento Jose M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been linked to superior pathologic treatment response compared to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation. However, the impact of histology on survival remains unclear. It has been suggested, based on epidemiologic similarities, that distal EAC should be grouped with gastric cancers as an entity distinct from distal ESCC, but there is little data to support this recommendation. We therefore aim to compare pathologic treatment response (PTR) and overall survival (OS) in patients with distal EAC versus distal ESCC.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent esophagectomy for distal esophageal malignancy. Histologic sub-groups were matched (1:1) using a propensity-score matching approach. Pre-operative clinical parameters, oncologic outcomes and survival were compared between groups.

Results
1031 distal EC patients, with a median age of 64.4 years and a male preponderance (86.5%), underwent esophagectomy at our institution between 1999 and 2019. 939 (91.1%) patients had a diagnosis of EAC and 92 (8.9%) had ESCC. A higher proportion of ESCC patients were female (26.1% vs. 12.1%; P &lt; 0.01) and non-white (12.0% vs. 3.8%; P &lt; 0.01). Propensity-score sub-analysis identified 75 matched pairs. Rates of pathologic complete response (58.0% vs. 48.9%; P = 0.67) and OS (43.0 vs. 52.0 months; P = 0.808) were not significantly different between matched groups.

Conclusions
Although traditionally known to have a better overall PTR compared to EAC, ESCC patients in our large series did not show any improvement in PTR or OS. Treatment recommendations for patients with EAC and ESCC should consider tumor location in addition to histology.
Uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Treatment Duration and Outcomes at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Taupin Daniel , Karchmer Adolf W , Davis Roger B , LaSalvia Mary T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We compared outcomes and clinical characteristics of uncomplicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia planned for a 14-day or &gt;14-day course of intravenous antibiotics. Treatment failure was infrequent in both groups (0% and 5%, respectively). Catheter-associated deep vein thrombosis, immunosuppression, and valvular dysfunction were associated with a longer planned duration of therapy.
Microsaccadic Eye Movements but not Pupillary Dilation Response Characterizes the Crossmodal Freezing Effect
Authors: Chen Lihan , Liao Hsin-I 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn typical spatial orienting tasks, the perception of crossmodal (e.g., audiovisual) stimuli evokes greater pupil dilation and microsaccade inhibition than unisensory stimuli (e.g., visual). The characteristic pupil dilation and microsaccade inhibition has been observed in response to “salient” events/stimuli. Although the “saliency” account is appealing in the spatial domain, whether this occurs in the temporal context remains largely unknown. Here, in a brief temporal scale (within 1 s) and with the working mechanism of involuntary temporal attention, we investigated how eye metric characteristics reflect the temporal dynamics of perceptual organization, with and without multisensory integration. We adopted the crossmodal freezing paradigm using the classical Ternus apparent motion. Results showed that synchronous beeps biased the perceptual report for group motion and triggered the prolonged sound-induced oculomotor inhibition (OMI), whereas the sound-induced OMI was not obvious in a crossmodal task-free scenario (visual localization without audiovisual integration). A general pupil dilation response was observed in the presence of sounds in both visual Ternus motion categorization and visual localization tasks. This study provides the first empirical account of crossmodal integration by capturing microsaccades within a brief temporal scale; OMI but not pupillary dilation response characterizes task-specific audiovisual integration (shown by the crossmodal freezing effect).
Cancer and scleroderma: recent insights
Authors: Morrisroe Kathleen , Nikpour Mandana 
Published: September 2020

Purpose of review
As survival in systemic sclerosis (SSc) improves, research interest has shifted to the leading cause of non-SSc-related death, namely cancer, which accounts for over a third of non-SSc-related deaths. This review will provide an overview of the recent insights into the evolving relationship between SSc and cancer.

Recent findings
Recent studies confirm the increased risk of cancer in SSc compared with the general population (standardized incidence ratio 1.9–2.2) in particular the risk of breast, lung and skin cancer. This increased cancer risk, particularly occurring in close proximity to SSc onset, raises the novel concept of autoimmunity occurring as a direct immune response to the cancerous cells. We highlight the important role that SSc-specific autoantibodies may have in identifying these at-risk patients, prognostication and triaging those who may require tight surveillance and further cancer screening.

Summary
The knowledge will allow the development of future prospective studies evaluating clinically relevant and targeted cancer screening strategies for newly diagnosed SSc patients to optimize cancer detection while minimizing harms and costs from overscreening.
Clinical Outcomes After Ahmed Glaucoma Valve Implantation for Pediatric Glaucoma After Congenital Cataract Surgery
Authors: Geyer Orna , Segal Adi , Melamud Alina , Wolf Alvit 
Published: September 2020

Précis:
Ahmed valve success for glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery lasts at least 5 years in most eyes, and >10 years in some cases. The procedure is a valuable option for these patients.

Purpose:
The aim of the study was to report on the results of Ahmed valve implantation in children with glaucoma following congenital cataract surgery.

Patients and Methods:
Medical records were reviewed for 41 pediatric eyes (27 patients) with glaucoma after congenital cataract surgery with Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation between 2007 and 2018. The primary outcome measure was surgical success, defined as intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤22 mm Hg (with or without glaucoma medications) on 2 consecutive follow-up visits, without glaucoma reoperation, and without significant visual complications during the follow-up period.

Results:
Median age at the time of AGV implantation was 80 months (range: 14 to 146 mo) and the mean follow-up period was 61.1±46.5 months. The cumulative probability of surgical success was 95.1%, 89.8%, 83.1%, and 72.6% at 12, 24, 60, and 84 months, respectively. IOP significantly decreased from 35.8±7.4 mm Hg before valve implantation to 18.7±6.5 mm Hg at the last recorded visit (51.4% decrease; P<0.0001). Most eyes (79%) required medications for pressure control. Complications occurred in 14 eyes (34%), with 12 of these remaining successful. Early hypotony was the most common complication (19.5%). Retinal detachment occurred in 1 eye.

Conclusions:
Despite a decrease in surgical success over time, AGV implantation was successfully used for IOP control in the majority of our pediatric eyes with glaucoma after congenital cataract surgery. Most complications were managed effectively and surgical success was maintained.
Interventions for Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia
Authors: Zhou Tong , Han Shuyu , Zhu Zheng , Hu Yan , Xing Weijie 
Published: September 2020

Background
Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) is a common adverse effect among patients undergoing chemotherapy. Patients experiencing CIA suffer psychological distress and even refuse or discontinue chemotherapy. A variety of interventions have been applied to prevent CIA. However, the best intervention option remains unknown.

Objective
To evaluate and determine the comparative effects of all available interventions for preventing CIA.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search of four English and 3 Chinese electronic databases was performed to identify potential studies from database inception to August 2018. Two reviewers conducted data selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment independently. The consistency model was used to conduct a network meta-analysis based on a frequentist framework to evaluate the relative effects of different interventions. Rankings of interventions were evaluated by the surface under the cumulative ranking curve values.

Results
Seventeen eligible trials including 1378 patients were included. Scalp cooling (odds ratio, 0.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.07–0.25) and scalp compression (odds ratio, 0.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.03–0.52) had significant effects relative to usual care. Ranking of efficacy indicated that scalp cooling was the most effective, followed by scalp compression with tourniquets, topical Chinese medicinal herbs, oral Chinese medicinal herbs, minoxidil, and usual care.

Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that scalp cooling is the most effective method to prevent CIA during chemotherapy.

Implications for Practice
Our results could provide a reference to prevent CIA. Updated studies with high quality, sufficient sample sizes, and direct comparison between interventions are needed in the future.
Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Part LXXIV
Authors: Harolds Jay A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Disruptive behavior has major adverse consequences for patient care, morale of the staff, and institutional reputation. Disruptive actions must be confronted as soon as is feasible. Usually, such behavior will not recur following 1 more firm conversations by officials of the healthcare institution, but if necessary disciplinary measures and/or remediation may be necessary. Rarely, because of egregious or repeated offenses, it may be obligatory to suspend the privileges of the individual permanently or until there is further evaluation, such as by a subcommittee of the medical executive committee or perhaps by a fitness-for-duty assessment by an outside organization.
Follicular Thyroid Cancer With Nose-Tip Metastasis and 131I Uptake
Authors: Yao Shan-Fan , Lee Chiang-Hsuan , Chiu Chuang-Hsin , Fan Yu-Ming , Huang Wen-Sheng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present a 56-year-old woman with metastatic follicular thyroid cancer at the nose tip with 131I uptake that is clinically rare, mimicking physiological uptake in the nose, a common finding seen after routine 131I therapeutic imaging. The lesion revealed a metastatic follicular thyroid cancer with 131I uptake and response to 131I therapy. Surgical removal, however, was not performed due to cosmetic and functional considerations. Active surveillance is warranted owing to its relative aggressiveness in nature.
Salvage Therapies After 18F-Fluciclovine Detected Prostate Cancer Recurrences
Authors: Hwang Lindsay , Paluch Jeremy , Jadvar Hossein , England Joseph R. , Desai Bhushan , Ballas Leslie K. 
Published: September 2020

Background

18F-Fluciclovine is the most recent prostate cancer (PCa)–directed PET radiotracer approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for detection of recurrent PCa. We report the treatments and outcomes of patients at our institution with PCa recurrences detected on 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT.

Methods
We identified men with recurrent PCa detected on 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT performed between 2017 and 2018 who were previously treated definitively and analyzed their patterns of care and cancer-specific outcomes.

Results
We identified 28 men with recurrent PCa detected on 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT. Twenty-three were initially treated with surgery and 13 also received postoperative radiation therapy (RT). Five patients were initially treated with definitive radiation. After surgery, the median time to 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT was 67 months (median prostate-specific antigen [PSA] of 1.63 ng/mL). After RT, the median time to 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT was 95 months with median PSA of 13.31 ng/mL. Six men recurred locally, 9 recurred in the pelvic nodes, 9 had distant nodal recurrences, and 4 had osseous metastases. Of the patients initially treated with surgery, 4 received salvage radiation and 3 received androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Of the patients initially treated with surgery and postoperative RT, 3 received salvage pelvic nodal dissection, 4 received salvage radiation, and 2 received ADT. Of the patients initially treated with radiation, 4 received salvage ADT. All had PSA decline after salvage therapy.

Conclusions

18F-fluciclovine PET/CT can localize PCa recurrences, and subsequent salvage therapies appear effective with decreasing PSA. Longer follow-up will reveal if these diagnostic tests and subsequent therapies will improve PCa survival.
Prostate Cancer Lymphangitic Pulmonary Carcinomatosis
Authors: Zukotynski Katherine A. , Jadvar Hossein , Potvin Kylea , Cho Steve Y. , Kim Chun Ki , Winquist Eric 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 51-year-old man diagnosed with high-grade, high-volume metastatic castration-sensitive prostate adenocarcinoma received pelvic radiation, androgen deprivation therapy, and intravenous docetaxel. Serum prostate-specific antigen became undetectable following treatment. Within a year, his cancer progressed to castration-resistant disease, and he was treated with oral abiraterone acetate 1000 mg and prednisone 10 mg daily. Despite this, the serum prostate-specific antigen rose from 0.03 to 1.39 μg/L, and 18F-DCFPyL and 18F-FDG PET/CT showed progression. While 18F-DCFPyL uptake may be seen in aggressive disease, 18F-FDG portends poor prognosis. Despite intravenous platinum-based chemotherapy, the patient died of respiratory failure 20 months after his initial diagnosis.
Metabolic Resolution of Lytic Lesions in Erdheim-Chester Disease on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yadav Divya , Seth Rachna , Shamim Shamim Ahmed , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non–Langerhans cell histiocytic disorder with variable clinical presentation most commonly involving the skeletal system. The long bones are the most common site of involvement giving a characteristic bone scintigraphy pattern of increased bilateral symmetric uptake in metadiaphyseal regions. We describe the findings of serial 18F-FDG PET/CT in a 16-year-old adolescent girl with ECD, emphasizing the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in response assessment of ECD.
Is There Any Role for 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT in the Presence of Undetectable PSA in Prostate Cancer Patients After Definitive Treatment?
Authors: Teyateeti Ajalaya , Teyateeti Achiraya , Macapinlac Homer A. , Lu Yang 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT in the evaluation of prostate cancer (PC) patients after definitive treatment in the presence of undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA).

Patients and Methods
This retrospective study was conducted in PC patients who had undetectable PSA level and underwent fluciclovine PET/CT within a 2-week interval of PSA examination and without interval treatment or other cancer. Patient and tumor characteristics at initial diagnosis, treatment regimens, and findings on fluciclovine PET/CT were collected. Comparisons between groups of positive and negative fluciclovine PET/CT were done by using descriptive statistics.

Results
A total of 34 fluciclovine PET/CTs from 34 patients met the inclusion criteria. There were 4 positive (11.8%) and 30 negative fluciclovine PET/CTs (88.2%). All of the patients with positive results had an initial Gleason score of 7 or higher and locally advanced tumor (T3–T4). More common features at the time of diagnosis among positive study patients as compared with negative ones were atypical histologic variants (25% vs 0%) and very high-risk PC (50% vs 30%). Most of the patients with positive study received second-line hormonal therapy (HT) (50%), whereas patients with negative results received first-line HT (53.3%). Chemotherapy naivety was less common among positive patients (75% vs 96.7%). Sites of involvement on positive fluciclovine PET/CTs were pelvic lymph nodes (2/4, 50%), lung and mediastinal lymph node (1/4, 25%), and prostatectomy bed (1/4, 25%).

Conclusions
In the presence of undetectable PSA in PC patients after definitive treatment, fluciclovine PET/CT would benefit most to patients with Gleason score of 7 or higher, high disease burden (T3–T4), and atypical histologic variants at the time of diagnosis, and the ones who have history of second-line HT and/or chemotherapy.
177Lu-/68Ga-PSMA Theranostics in Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Kumar Arunav , Ballal Sanjana , Yadav Madhav Prasad , ArunRaj S.T. , Haresh K.P. , Gupta Subhash , Damle Nishikant Avinash , Garg Ajay , Tripathi Madhavi , Bal Chandrasekhar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 37-year-old man, treated case of left temporal glioblastoma presented with headache, seizures, and progressive right-sided weakness with MRI evidence of recurrence. Exploratory 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT demonstrated PSMA expression in the recurrent lesion; it was decided to treat this patient with 177Lu-PSMA-617. After 3 cycles of 177Lu-PSMA-617, 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed significant reduction in PSMA uptake and regression in size of lesion on MRI with improvement in patient’s symptoms and performance status. 177Lu-/68Ga-PSMA theranostics has potential in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme when other therapeutic options are not feasible.
Gallbladder Carcinoma Presenting With Elbow Swelling
Authors: Pande Shantanu S. , Goyal Devendra , Chowdhury Zachariah , Dhal Ipsita , Kumar Singh Abhishek 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Common presentation of primary gallbladder carcinoma is with abdominal pain, or it may be detected incidentally in postcholecystectomy specimen for cholelithiasis. Primary gallbladder carcinoma spreads to adjacent hepatic parenchyma and locoregional nodes. Lung is a common extra-abdominal site, with other sites being relatively rare. We report a case of primary gallbladder carcinoma, which presented with elbow swelling in the absence of locoregional nodal spread detected on whole-body 18F-FDG PET/contrast-enhanced CT at initial evaluation.
COVID-19 Pneumonia Mimicking Immunotherapy-Induced Pneumonitis on 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient Under Treatment With Nivolumab
Authors: Artigas Carlos , Lemort Marc , Mestrez Fabienne , Gil Thierry , Flamen Patrick 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Within a few months, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic with more than 2 million patients infected and a high mortality rate. Early detection of COVID-19 in oncologic patients is crucial in order to rapidly apply isolation measures and avoid nosocomial spread. However, early diagnosis may be challenging, especially in cancer patients under treatment with immunotherapy as drug-induced pneumonitis can present similar clinical and radiological features. We describe the findings of a SARS-CoV-2 infection on PET/CT with 18F-FDG in a 51-year-old man with metastatic renal cell carcinoma under treatment with nivolumab.
223Ra-Dichloride Response Evaluation Using 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT and Bone Scintigraphy in a Patient With Castration-Resistant Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Jiaqiong , Kuker Russ , Serafini Aldo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer to the bones. The patient started 223Ra-dichloride (Xofigo) therapy in April 2019. 99mTc-MDP bone scan and 18F-fluciclovine (Axumin) PET/CT showed discordant but overall complementary findings that indicated disease progression after 5 doses of Xofigo therapy. The patient’s prostate-specific antigen increased from 33.81 ng/mL at baseline before Xofigo therapy and up to 394.3 ng/mL after the fifth dose of Xofigo treatment. Because of disease progression, Xofigo therapy was discontinued.
Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Avid Meningioma Detected in 68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT
Authors: Gupta Nitin , Verma Ritu , Belho Ethel S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 64-year-old man with recently diagnosed prostate adenocarcinoma with a total prostate-specific antigen level of 3.32 ng/mL and Gleason score 4 (3 + 4) was referred for 68Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT scan for pretreatment staging. Prostate-specific membrane antigen–avid lesion was noted in the right lobe of the prostate gland, corresponding to the known primary lesion. Note was made of another prostate-specific membrane antigen–avid lesion in the right parietal lobe of brain, likely meningioma. MRI scan performed later confirmed the brain lesion to be meningioma.
Atypical Presentation of COVID-19 Incidentally Detected at 18F-FDG PET/CT in an Asymptomatic Oncological Patient
Authors: Mattoli Maria Vittoria , Taralli Silvia , Pennese Elsa , D’Angelo Carla , Angrilli Francesco , Villano Carlo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The incidence of COVID-19, a severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by SARS-CoV-2, is rapidly growing worldwide. In this pandemic period, the chance of incidental pulmonary findings suggestive of COVID-19 at 18F-FDG PET/CT in asymptomatic oncological patients is not negligible. To suspect COVID-19 is more demanding whether its presentation is atypical. We describe the incidental PET/CT detection of an 18F-FDG–avid isolated centrilobular pulmonary consolidation in an asymptomatic lymphoma patient, which later resulted in an unexpected and atypical COVID-19 presentation. The nuclear medicine physicians should be prepared to suspect COVID-19 even in asymptomatic patients presenting with a “far-from-COVID-19” finding at PET/CT.
68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET–Positive Paget Bone Disease With Metastatic Prostatic Carcinoma
Authors: Engur Ceren Ozge , Turoglu Halil Turgut , Ozguven Salih , Tanidir Yiloren , Erdil Tanju Yusuf 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Paget bone disease is a chronic benign bone disease characterized by excessive and abnormal bone remodeling. The scintigraphic and bone SPECT/CT hybrid imaging appearances of the affected bone(s) depend on the stage of the disease. We report the case of a patient newly diagnosed with prostate cancer who was found to have multiple osseous metastases, with coexisting Paget disease in the left hemipelvis diagnosed because of typical scintigraphic and SPECT/CT appearance. 68Ga–prostate-specific membrane antigen PET/CT was also performed for initial staging. Pagetoid bones showed increased prostate-specific membrane antigen uptake like skeletal metastases.
PET Imaging of a Unique Case of Multiple Myeloma in an Adolescent
Authors: Binkovitz Larry A. , Sutton Samuel L. , Lacy Martha Q. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Pediatric solitary plasmacytomas are extremely rare, with only 14 cases previously reported. None of these reports included PET imaging findings. We present PET/CT and PET/MRI imaging findings in a 15-year-old boy with what was initially thought to be a solitary plasmacytoma, which later developed into multiple myeloma. The initial PET/CT of solitary plasmacytoma, as well as postradiotherapy PET/MRI findings with the new lesions suggestive of multiple myeloma, are presented.