bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlations in Trends of Sinusitis-Related Online Google Search Queries in the United States
Authors: Sharma Dhruv , Sandelski Morgan M. , Ting Jonathan , Higgins Thomas S. 
Published: February 2020

Background Online search query trends have been shown to correlate with real-life epidemiologic phenomena. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze correlations in trends in Google online search volumes of sinusitis-related terms, including symptomatology and similar disease states. Methods Terms clinically associated with “sinusitis” were determined by consensus. Terms of symptomatology were derived from the validated 22-item sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) as well as terminology encountered with the authors’ clinical experience. Terms of disease states that could overlap in symptomatology with sinusitis were then chosen. Google Trends, an online tool for extracting relative frequencies from a public database of search queries, was used to query normalized monthly volumes in the United States from January 2004 to September 2017 of searches related to the topics decided upon by consensus. Bivariate Pearson correlation was used to compare the search queries. Results Online search volumes of “sinusitis” have a distinct seasonal variation, with consistent annual peaks and troughs. In terms of symptomatology, “postnasal drip,” “nasal congestion,” “cough,” “rhinorrhea,” and “sore throat” most highly correlated with “sinusitis” search volumes with statistical significance. “sinusitis” search query volume had a higher positive correlation with “common cold” and “acute sinusitis” than “chronic sinusitis” with regard to disease states. Conclusions Trends in Google online search volumes over time of “sinusitis” symptomatology mimic real-world clinical phenomena and provide insight into the issues affecting the general population.
The prevalence and associated factors of Treponema pallidum among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals who attended voluntary counseling and testing center of St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study design
Authors: Weldesenbet Habtamu , Asrat Daniel , Weldeamanuel Yimtubezinash 
Published: February 2020

Background: Treponema pallidum and HIV are among the most common public health problems in Ethiopia. These infections are interrelated. Treponema pallidum causes genital ulcer which enhances HIV transmission and complicates HIV by causing severe ulcer among HIV-positive individuals. Although Treponema pallidum and HIV have a similar route of transmission, screening services for Treponema pallidum are not available in most of the voluntary counseling and testing centers. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of Treponema pallidum and sociodemographic factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals from the voluntary counseling and testing center of St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: In this research, a cross-sectional study was conducted and a total of 292 consecutive samples were collected from the voluntary counseling and testing center of St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. A blood specimen was tested for the presence of Treponema pallidum using rapid plasma reagin and a rapid test kit for HIV. The data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: The overall prevalence of Treponema pallidum was 5/292 (1.7%). All HIV-positive clients were negative for Treponema pallidum. None of the risk factors were significantly associated with Treponema pallidum. Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of Treponema pallidum was 5/292 (1.7%). None of the study participants were co-infected with Treponema pallidum and HIV. Recommendation: There was a lack of association between syphilis and HIV in this study, but still the prevalence of Treponema pallidum among voluntary counseling and testing center clients is a public health problem. Therefore, Treponema pallidum infection control strategies should be designed in parallel with HIV control strategy and actions should be taken to avert the problem, including the provision of better health education and screening services at voluntary counseling and testing centers parallel with HIV.
Doctor YouTube’s opinion on seasonal influenza: A critical appraisal of the information available to patients
Authors: Kallur Akhil , Albalbissi Ahmad , Carillo-Martin Ismael , Boonpheng Boonphiphop , Kallur Lakshmi , Kherallah Yaman , Mahajan Akhilesh , Mahapatra Shayan , Mohan Kaushik , Mohan Priyasree , Reddy Keerti , Sankhyan Pratyaksha , Lopez-Alvarez Sonia , Youssef Dima , El Abbassi Adel M , Gonzalez-Estrada Alexei 
Published: February 2020

Background Seasonal influenza is a respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus. During the 2017–2018 flu season, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention noted approximately 959,000 hospitalizations and 79,400 deaths from influenza. We sought to evaluate the educational quality of informational videos pertaining to seasonal influenza on the popular social media forum, YouTube. Methods Using the keywords “seasonal influenza,” all videos from 28 January to 5 February 2017 were included and analyzed for characteristics, source, and content. The source was further classified as healthcare provider, alternative-medicine provider, the patient and/or their parents, company, media, or professional society. Videos about other categories of influenza (e.g. swine or Spanish) or in foreign languages were excluded. A total of 10 blinded reviewers scored each video independently. Results Overall, 300 videos were analyzed, with a median of 341.50 views, 1.00 likes, 0 dislikes, and 0 comments. Based on the average scores of videos by source, there was statistically significant difference in the average score among videos by video source ( p < 0.01). Healthcare provider videos had the highest mean scores whereas alternative medicine provider videos had the lowest. Conclusions Although the aforementioned video sources scored higher than others, these videos did not fulfill our criteria as far as educating patients thoroughly. Our data also suggest alternative medicine and patient source videos were misleading for patients. Clinical implications: Although videos by healthcare providers were a better source of information, videos on seasonal influenza were shown to be poor sources of valid healthcare information. This study reiterates the need for higher-quality educational videos on seasonal influenza by the medical community.
Improvement of Lower Back Pain in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis After Decompression Surgery and Factors That Predict Residual Lower Back Pain
Authors: Kitagawa Takahiro , Ogura Yoji , Kobayashi Yoshiomi , Takahashi Yoshiyuki , Yonezawa Yoshiro , Yoshida Kodai , Takahashi Yohei , Yasuda Akimasa , Shinozaki Yoshio , Ogawa Jun 
Published: February 2020

Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Objectives: There is no consensus to predict improvement of lower back pain (LBP) in lumbar spinal stenosis after decompression surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the improvement of LBP and analyze the preoperative predicting factors for residual LBP. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 119 patients who underwent lumbar decompression surgery without fusion and had a minimum follow-up of 1 year. LBP was evaluated using the numerical rating scale (NRS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) LBP score, and Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). All patients were divided into LBP improved group (group I) and LBP residual group (group R) according to the NRS score. Radiographic images were examined preoperatively and at the final follow-up. We evaluated spinopelvic radiological parameters and analyzed the differences between group I and group R. Results: LBP was significantly improved after decompression surgery (LBP NRS, 5.7 vs 2.6, P < .001; JOABPEQ LBP score, 41.3 vs 79.6, P < .001; RMDQ, 10.3 vs 3.6, P < .001). Of 119 patients, 94 patients were allocated to group I and 25 was allocated to group R. There was significant difference in preoperative thoracolumbar kyphosis between group I and group R. Conclusions: Most cases of LBP in lumbar spinal stenosis were improved after decompression surgery without fusion. Preoperative thoracolumbar kyphosis predicted residual LBP after decompression surgery.
The Theodul Glacier Unit, a slab of pre-Alpine rocks in the Alpine meta-ophiolite of Zermatt-Saas, Western Alps
Authors: Bucher Kurt , Weisenberger Tobias Björn , Weber Sebastian , Klemm Oliver , Corfu Fernando 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Theodul-Glacier-Unit (TGU) is a 100 m thick and 2 km long slab of pre-Alpine schist, gneiss and mafic rocks tectonically emplaced in the eclogite-facies Zermatt-Saas meta-ophiolite nappe (ZSU). The meta-sedimentary rocks occur mostly as garnet-phengite schists with locally cm-sized garnet porphyroblasts. The metavolcanic basic rocks are present as variably retrogressed eclogites showing a continental basalt signature and contain abundant zircon, which is unusual for basalts. The zircons dated with the U–Pb system yield an upper intercept age of 295 ± 16 Ma and a lower intercept age of 145 ± 34 Ma. The early Permian age is interpreted to represent the age of high-grade granulite facies metamorphism, evidence of which is also preserved in the cores of garnet porphyroblasts of the Grt-Ph schists. The lower intercept age corresponds to the time of continental breakup and the initiation of the Tethys in the Mid-Jurassic; these events may have created the TGU as an extensional allochton. Eclogite facies metamorphism recorded by the TGU rocks occurred during Alpine subduction at 57 Ma, the Lu–Hf age of TGU eclogite garnets. The TGU reached a depth of about 53 km at P–T conditions of 1.7 GPa and 520 °C derived from both, eclogite and Grt-Ph schist. This is in contrast to the ZSU surrounding the TGU with a reported subduction depth of more than 80 km at 43 Ma. It is proposed here that TGU and ZSU were subducted separately out of sequence. After juxtaposition of the two units during late Alpine thrusting and folding forming the present day geometry of nappes in the Zermatt-Saas region both units were progressively metamorphosed to about 650 MPa and 470 °C. This late prograde metamorphism at 34 Ma produced oligoclase + magnesio-hornblende in the matrix of Grt-Ph schists and eclogites. The derived TGU data document a complete Wilson Cycle.
The Polarization Properties of the Reflection Spectra of Single-Layer MoS2 and ReS2 on SiO2/Si and Quartz Substrates
Authors: Shi Yafang , Wang Longlong , Qiao Xiaofen , Li Shuai , Liu Yi , Li Xiaoli , Zhao Xiaohui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMoS2 and ReS2 are typical transition metal chalcogenides with many excellent electrical and optical properties. Due to different lattice symmetries, ReS2 offers one more dimension than MoS2 to tune its physical properties. In this paper, we studied the polarized reflection spectra in single-layer MoS2 and ReS2. The explicit difference identifies strong angle-dependent properties in single-layer ReS2 distinct from single-layer MoS2. The results of samples on both SiO2/Si substrate and quartz substrate show single-layer ReS2 is in-plane anisotropic and the change period of reflection intensity is estimated with the polarization angles.
Pathophysiological properties of CLIC3 chloride channel in human gastric cancer cells
Authors: Kawai Shunsuke , Fujii Takuto , Shimizu Takahiro , Sukegawa Kenta , Hashimoto Isaya , Okumura Tomoyuki , Nagata Takuya , Sakai Hideki , Fujii Tsutomu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPathophysiological functions of chloride intracellular channel protein 3 (CLIC3) in human gastric cancer have been unclear. In the tissue microarray analysis using 107 gastric cancer specimens, CLIC3 expression was negatively correlated with pathological tumor depth, and the patients with lower expression of CLIC3 exhibited poorer prognosis. CLIC3 was expressed in the plasma membrane of cancer cells in the tissue. CLIC3 expression was also found in a human gastric cancer cell line (MKN7). In whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of the cells expressing CLIC3, NPPB-sensitive outwardly rectifying Cl−currents were observed. Cell proliferation was significantly accelerated by knockdown of CLIC3 in MKN7 cells. On the other hand, the proliferation was attenuated by exogenous CLIC3 expression in human gastric cancer cells (KATOIII and NUGC-4) in which endogenous CLIC3 expression is negligible. Our results suggest that CLIC3 functions as a Cl−channel in the plasma membrane of gastric cancer cells and that decreased expression of CLIC3 results in unfavorable prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
Analyses on clustering of the conserved residues at protein-RNA interfaces and its application in binding site identification
Authors: Yang Zhen , Deng Xueqing , Liu Yang , Gong Weikang , Li Chunhua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The maintenance of protein structural stability requires the cooperativity among spatially neighboring residues. Previous studies have shown that conserved residues tend to occur clustered together within enzyme active sites and protein-protein/DNA interfaces. It is possible that conserved residues form one or more local clusters in protein tertiary structures as it can facilitate the formation of functional motifs. In this work, we systematically investigate the spatial distributions of conserved residues as well as hot spot ones within protein-RNA interfaces.

Results
The analysis of 191 polypeptide chains from 160 complexes shows the polypeptides interacting with tRNAs evolve relatively rapidly. A statistical analysis of residues in different regions shows that the interface residues are often more conserved, while the most conserved ones are those occurring at protein interiors which maintain the stability of folded polypeptide chains. Additionally, we found that 77.8% of the interfaces have the conserved residues clustered within the entire interface regions. Appling the clustering characteristics to the identification of the real interface, there are 31.1% of cases where the real interfaces are ranked in top 10% of 1000 randomly generated surface patches. In the conserved clusters, the preferred residues are the hydrophobic (Leu, Ile, Met), aromatic (Tyr, Phe, Trp) and interestingly only one positively charged Arg residues. For the hot spot residues, 51.5% of them are situated in the conserved residue clusters, and they are largely consistent with the preferred residue types in the conserved clusters.

Conclusions
The protein-RNA interface residues are often more conserved than non-interface surface ones. The conserved interface residues occur more spatially clustered relative to the entire interface residues. The high consistence of hot spot residue types and the preferred residue types in the conserved clusters has important implications for the experimental alanine scanning mutagenesis study. This work deepens the understanding of the residual organization at protein-RNA interface and is of potential applications in the identification of binding site and hot spot residues.
Suppression of behavioral activity and hippocampal noradrenaline caused by surgical stress in type 2 diabetes model mice
Authors: Nishimura Momoka , Nomura Yuki , Egi Moritoki , Obata Norihiko , Tsunoda Makoto , Mizobuchi Satoshi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
There has been much discussion recently about the occurrence of neuropsychological complications during the perioperative period. Diabetes is known to be one of the metabolic risk factors. Although the number of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) has been increasing, the pathophysiology of postoperative neuropsychological dysfunction in DM patients is still unclear. Recently, a deficiency of neurotransmitters, such as monoamines, was reported to be associated with mental disorders. Therefore, we investigated the effects of surgical stress on behavioral activity and hippocampal noradrenaline (NA) level in type 2 diabetes mellitus model (T2DM) mice.

Methods
Eighty-four 6-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups (non-diabetes, non-diabetes with surgery, T2DM, and T2DM with surgery groups). T2DM mice were established by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. At 14 weeks of age, fifteen mice in each group underwent a series of behavioral tests including an open field (OF) test, a novel object recognition (NOR) test and a light–dark (LD) test. In the surgery groups, open abdominal surgery with manipulation of the intestine was performed 24 h before the behavioral tests as a surgical stress. Hippocampal noradrenaline (NA) concentration was examined in six mice in each group by high-performance liquid chromatography. The data were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test, and p values less than 0.05 were considered significant.

Results
The T2DM group showed significantly increased explorative activity in the NOR test (P = 0.0016) and significantly increased frequency of transition in the LD test (P = 0.043) compared with those in the non-diabetic group before surgery. In T2DM mice, surgical stress resulted in decreased total distance in the OF test, decreased explorative activity in the NOR test, and decreased frequency of transition in the LD test (OF: P = 0.015, NOR: P = 0.009, LD: P = 0.007) and decreased hippocampal NA (P = 0.015), but such differences were not observed in the non-diabetic mice.

Conclusions
Mice with T2DM induced by feeding an HFD showed increased behavioral activities, and surgical stress in T2DM mice caused postoperative hypoactivity and reduction of the hippocampal NA level.
Photosynthetic characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) grown under different LED wavelengths
Authors: Gao Song , Liu Xuena , Liu Ying , Cao Bili , Chen Zijing , Xu Kun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The optimized illumination of plants using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is beneficial to their photosynthetic performance, and in recent years, LEDs have been widely used in horticultural facilities. However, there are significant differences in the responses of different crops to different wavelengths of light. Thus, the influence of artificial light on photosynthesis requires further investigation to provide theoretical guidelines for the light environments used in industrial crop production. In this study, we tested the effects of different LEDs (white, W; blue, B; green, G; yellow, Y; and red, R) with the same photon flux density (300 μmol/m2·s) on the growth, development, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, leaf structure, and chloroplast ultrastructure of Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) plants.

Results
Plants in the W and B treatments had significantly higher height, leaf area, and fresh weight than those in the other treatments. The photosynthetic pigment content and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in the W treatment were significantly higher than those in the monochromatic light treatments, the transpiration rate (E) and stomatal conductance (Gs) were the highest in the B treatment, and the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was the highest in the Y treatment. The non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) was the highest in the Y treatment, but the other chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics differed among treatments in the following order: W > B > R > G > Y. This includes the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) under dark adaptation (Fv/Fm), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII under light adaptation (Fv′/Fm′), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), and apparent electron transport rate (ETR). Finally, the leaf structure and chloroplast ultrastructure showed the most complete development in the B treatment.

Conclusions
White and blue light significantly improved the photosynthetic efficiency of Welsh onions, whereas yellow light reduced the photosynthetic efficiency.
Imaging findings for pancreatic Hamartoma: two case reports and a review of the literature
Authors: Cui Heng , Lian Yuqing , Chen Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic hamartoma is an extremely rare benign disease, and previous reports have provided little detail regarding its appearance in imaging. As a result, we report the imaging findings for two cases of pancreatic hamartoma.

Case presentation
One 57-year-old female patient and one 69-year-old male patient presented with pancreatic lesions incidentally detected by US; CT and MRI revealed a 2.9-cm cystic and solid lesion and a 1.4-cm solid lesion, respectively. US showed a hypoechoic well-defined mass in the pancreatic head. The plain CT indicated that the internal density was uneven, and the lesions showed obvious progressive enhancement. The MRI-T2WI showed iso- to high-intensity, the DWI showed iso-intensity, and the masses also all showed obvious progressive enhancement. Histopathological studies confirmed the diagnosis of pancreatic hamartoma.

Conclusion
Pancreatic hamartoma is an extremely rare tumour with benign features, such as no dilatation of the MPD and well-defined, slight hyperintensity or iso-intensity on T2WI and iso-intensity on DWI, with obvious progressive enhancement. Therefore, detailed review of multiple imaging modalities may help in diagnosis of PH and prevent unnecessary surgery for patients with this diagnosis.
How to assess experienced quality of care in nursing homes from the client’s perspective: results of a qualitative study
Authors: Sion Katya Y. J. , Verbeek Hilde , de Boer Bram , Zwakhalen Sandra M. G. , Odekerken-Schröder Gaby , Schols Jos M. G. A. , Hamers Jan P. H. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The culture shift in nursing homes from task-oriented to person-centered care has created a need to assess clients’ experienced quality of care (QoC), as this corresponds best with what matters to them. This study aimed to gain insight into how to assess experienced QoC in nursing homes from the client’s perspective.

Method
A qualitative study was performed consisting of a focus group with client representatives (n = 10), a focus group with nursing home staff (n = 9) and a world café with client representatives and staff recruited from the Living Lab in Ageing & Long-Term Care (n = 24). Three questions about assessing experienced QoC from the client’s perspective were addressed during data collection: 1) What content needs to be assessed? 2) What assessment procedures are needed? and, 3) Who needs to be involved in the assessment? Semi-structured questions, photo elicitation and creative writing were used to answer these questions. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data.

Results
Participants indicated that experienced QoC mostly occurs within the interactions between clients, family and staff, highlighting the impact of relationships. They suggested assessments should focus on three aspects: 1) knowledge about the client, 2) a responsive approach, and 3) a caring environment. These can be assessed by having conversations with clients, their families and staff, and additionally observing the clients in their living environments. Sufficient time and resources are prerequisites for this. Additionally, the person performing the quality assessments needs to possess certain communication and empathy skills.

Conclusion
It is important to include the perspectives of the client, family and staff when assessing experienced QoC, in line with the principles underlying relationship-centered care. In order to be feasible, it is recommended to incorporate quality assessments into the nursing homes’ daily routines. Further research with clients, family and staff in nursing homes is needed to develop a feasible, reliable and valid method that assesses experienced QoC from the client’s perspective.