bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atomization performance of Tiantaishan tunnel spray dust reduction
Authors: Song Bin , Dong Changsong , Wang Xin , Guo Chun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to further improve the efficiency of spray dust removal in tunnel and obtain favorable equipment parameters, the dust removal performance of high pressure spray atomization particle size was deeply studied. Taking the dust generated in Tiantai Mountain tunnel as the research object and combining with the numerical simulation method. Based on FLUENT pressure-swirl atomization model, in this paper, the mechanism of high pressure spray dust reduction is analyzed. The pressure nozzle is simulated at 4 pressures (2, 3, 4, 5 Mpa) and 3 nozzles (2.0, 1.5, 1.0 mm in diameter). The simulation results show that when the nozzle diameter is constant, the droplet size decreases with the increase of pressure, and the atomization effect is better. When the spray pressure is constant, the droplet size increases with the increase of nozzle diameter. According to the measured results of dust in Tiantai Mountains, it is suggested that the nozzle diameter should be 1.5 mm and the working pressure should be 4 Mpa, which can reasonably and effectively settle the fine particles of dust in the tunnel.
The Physical Model Test’s Research of Ventilation in Super-long Highway Tunnels
Authors: Jianzhong Chen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Based on hydromechanics affinity theory and major control factor of highway tunnel ventilation, highway tunnel ventilation boundary condition was determined in this paper. Based on Navier-Stokes equation, tunnel ventilation model experiment affinity theory was deduced and Reynolds Number chosen as the affinity norm of the tunnel ventilation physical model. Based on Nikuratse Testing, the influence factor of Reynolds Number and the form reason of affinity self pattern area were analyzed. The experiment method of affinity self pattern area was discussed. Complete tunnel ventilation model-design method was given in this paper.
Investigation and Analysis on the Vehicle Cross Passages of Highway Tunnels
Authors: Li Bin , Li Wei , Lü Lianghong , Ding Hao , Liu Shuai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Vehicle cross passages are critical infrastructure for emergency rescue in highway tunnels but how to use them is disputed in the industry. This paper investigates 9 expressway operation and management companies in China and 292 highway tunnels in their charge through site interviews and questionnaires to understand and analyze traffic routes of general vehicles and rescue vehicles and the use of vehicle cross passages during routine operation & maintenance, traffic accident and fire incident handling by each company. The survey results show: it is difficult for large vehicles to pass through vehicle cross passages due to the small radius of turning circle at the corner, and the influence on traffic safety in the adjacent tube is great. It is not recommended to use vehicle cross passages if traffic in the adjacent tube is not interrupted. The use of vehicle cross passages should be limited to rescue vehicles in initial stage of fire incidents.
Numerical Ultimate Load Analysis Based Study on Safety Monitoring Reference Value for Tunnels in Weak Rock
Authors: Guo Hongyan , Xiao Zhiwei , Li Ke , Song Hengxiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It is usually hard to ensure overall stability and construction safety when tunneling in weak rock. Therefore, it is of practical engineering significance to conduct safety monitoring reference value study based on numerical ultimate load analysis by building an equivalent rock model. In this paper we investigate ultimate strains of equivalent rock masses of different classes based on numerical ultimate load analysis by building an equivalent surrounding rock model; examined the deformation reduction factor changes for different classes of surrounding rock by building a plane model for calculation and analysis; established tunnel stability assessment criteria through observation of ultimate shear strain diagrams under different reduction factors; and determined appropriate management measures according to warning levels. Our analyses show (1) under different loads the higher the rock mass classification the smaller its vertical displacement and hence its ultimate strain; (2) the higher the rock mass classification the more susceptible it is to strength, creep and instabilities; (3) Assessment criteria are established by comparing displacement U measured during tunneling with the ultimate displacement U0, i.e. the tunnel is stable if U < U0 and unstable if U > U0.
Eye Adaptation Effect Based Study on Configuration of Tunnel Entrance Structure
Authors: Gao Guogang , Xia Yangyuyu , Wang Zihao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Due to the unique nature of the tunnel as a tubular structure, an approaching motorist experiences an abrupt change in brightness under the black-hole effect. This sharp change in brightness makes the threshold zone prone to traffic accidents. It is therefore necessary to provide a dimming structure in the threshold zone to support the eye adaptation of the motorist to lower lighting levels in the interior of the tunnel. There is currently a lack of research worldwide on specific configuration parameters and types of dimming structure. This paper covers analysis of the entrance structure of a tunnel and comparison of different alternatives in non-sun-tight louver, its height and transmittance, and proposes an optimal scheme to increase traffic safety and comfort.
Study on static mechanical properties of gabion specimen
Authors: Longgang Miao , Huijian Zhang , xiaoyu Niu , Rui Zhu , Qingshuai Xue , Yongwang Jiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to study the static mechanical properties of gabion specimen. The experiments of unconfined compressive strength test of gabion specimens under different conditions with different parameters were conducted, including the shape of gabion specimen (Cube and Cylinder), the size (Height diameter ratio) and the specifications of wire mesh. The experimental results display as follows: 1) Gabion specimens go through four phases: elastic compression, deformation cracking, rockfill compression and rockfill crushing during the unconfined compressive strength test; 2) The contrast of cube specimens and cylinder specimens show that the vertical load of the former general appears as several alternate crests and troughs before peak appears during the vertical loading, while the latter general shows that the first crest is the peak; 3) The contrast of the cylinder specimens with different heights show that the height of the specimens have a obvious impact on post-peak strength, circumference deformation and fractures of the wire mesh. While there is no remarkable effect on peak force of unconfined compassion test by changing the height of specimens. The experimental results can provide some theoretical support for the academic study and engineering design in the future.
Study on Application of a Five-step Approach to Gradual and Fast Coal Uncovering during Gassy Tunnel Construction
Authors: Cheng Liang , Li Ke , Jiang Xinghong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A five-step approach to gradual and fast coal uncovering during gassy tunnel construction is developed to address high risks and tunnel construction safety problems related to protracted coal uncovering. By examining the technical principle of gradual and fast crosscut coal uncovering technique, this paper concludes multi-parameter prediction is the key to this technique. It establishes multi-parameter prediction criteria for coal burst hazard and multi-dimensional arrangement of prediction holes; discusses how to set up a movable safety barrier zone and determine its scope; and develops a gradual and fast coal uncovering process for construction of gassy tunnels by which the burst-prone coal seam is uncovered through gradual excavation and advancement under the protection of the safety barrier. Application of this technique on the construction site of Huayan Tunnel shows this technique is easy to apply, economical and safe and significantly reduces the time spent on coal uncovering.
Research on Fire Smoke Controlling Effect of Submarine Road Tunnel Based on FDS
Authors: Cao Zhengmao , Liu Xiao , Chen Jianzhong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Taking submarine road tunnel as the research objective, numerical calculation model of fire smoke controlling in rectangular underwater tunnel was established by FDS. The adaptability of lateral concentrated exhaust mode in tunnels of variable widths is obtained according to analysis of smoke distribution and smoke exhausting efficiency under different working conditions. The results are as follows: The increase of width results in the decrease of smoke exhausting efficiency. In the four-lane dual-directional tunnel, the smoke exhausting efficiency is 83.4%; while that of twelve-lane dual-directional tunnel is only 55.2%. The wind velocity is higher in the area near the lateral exhaust valves; and which is lower in the area far from the exhaust valves. The influence of wind velocity for lateral exhaust valves is limited. With the increase of width, the wind velocity of cross-section decreases dramatically. In a four-lane dual-directional tunnel, the wind velocity of the right wall decreases by 32%, and that in twelve-lane dual-directional tunnel decreases by 59.6%. For large-span rectangular tunnels of eight-lane dual-directional or even wider ones, the lateral centralized exhaust mode shows poor fire smoke controlling effect.
Optimized Selection of Construction Scheme for Huiqing Expressway Tunnel
Authors: Kaikeng Hua , Hongyan Guo , Ke Li , Xiangyang Cui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In view of the complex construction environment of the mountain tunnel, the construction method conforming to each project is adopted, which is beneficial to avoid blind spots during the construction process. For poor surrounding rock conditions, the thickness of different soils will lead to the joint of the plastic zone of the excavation face, which will cause the overall settlement. Taking Maple Ridge, Daping and Fengshuao Tunnels as an example, comprehensive analysis of different surrounding rock thickness conditions, through the comparison of three construction methods of double side wall method, CD method and three step method, using FLAC finite element software results Analysis gives the most advantageous deformation control method. The results show that the larger the thickness of the overburden, the larger the displacement of the arch and the arch, the double-wall method does not extend to the slip zone in the plastic zone of different soil thickness, and the surrounding rock also maintains the self-stability, compared with the other two methods. Good stability. Therefore, it has a good guiding significance for the construction method in the same situation in the future.
Study on Fire Accidents in Tunnels
Authors: Bai Jianying , Liao Haomiao , Xia Yangyuyu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper provides a collection of information on 156 tunnel fire accidents at home and abroad and analysis of their time and spatial distribution, accident causes and effects. The study shows: most tunnel fires occur in summer; tunnel fire accidents are frequent in economically developed areas of eastern and southern China as well as mountainous areas in southwestern and northwestern China; long tunnels and super long tunnels experience more fire accidents which occur mostly at tunnel entrance/exit; most tunnel fires are caused by spontaneous combustion of vehicles and traffic accidents; cars and trucks are the most frequently seen models in tunnel fires; consequences of tunnel fires include casualties, vehicle damage, damages to tunnel structure and facilities and traffic interruption. At the end of the paper, appropriate measures and advice are proposed for tunnel fire accidents based on the above analysis results.
Study on multi-arch tunnel leakage disease with influence of rainfall and groundwater change
Authors: Shi Jianxun , Zhang Xingkai , Liang Jizong , Hu Lihang , Li Zhaohui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It is known that the tunnel leakage is significantly affected by precipitation, for example the seasonal rainfall and the groundwater level change, which reduce the effective stress and the shear strength of the surrounding rocks, resulting in surrounding rock fracture and the connection of crack path between surrounding rock and lining structure. This paper reveals the relationships between the tunnel leakage with the lining crack width, the surface seepage, and the construction joints. Then the calculation equations of leakage water are deduced. According to the deduced equations, the influence of rainfall and groundwater level on leakage of the multi-arch tunnel is analysed. It is concluded that the leakage water increases with the rise of ground water level, decreases with the increase of the thickness of the lining; and the spot leakage and the surface leakage both increase as the increasing of the crack width and the seepage radius. On the basis of the conclusions, the preventions and treatment measures of leakage caused by rainfall and groundwater level change are put forward to ensure the long-term safe operation of the multi-arch tunnel.
Research on the influence zone dividing of tunneling adjacent to existing tunnel based on ultimate strain criterion
Authors: Mou Zhiheng , Zhang Huijian , Tian Mingjie , Qiu Wenge 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This thesis estimates the effects of tunneling parallel to or crossing the existing tunnel. According to the ultimate strain criterion, this paper suggests effective method to simulate failure process of geological materials, which combines with strength reduction FEM. Through numerical simulation and criterion of the influence zone dividing, the regulation of the stability of an individual tunnel was proposed in this paper, moreover, dividing influence zones by using upper and lower limit if surrounding rock parameters, which was defined as the strong influence zone, the weak influence zone, and the non-influence zone. Furthermore, this thesis discusses the transverse and longitudinal effect of two orthogonal excavation. Conclusions that were drawn in this paper can be utilized in actual excavation.
Discussion on the Treatment of Karst Water of Jinmen Tunnel During Construction
Authors: Xiaobo Li , Shun Yu , Jiong Zhu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Jinmen tunnel passes through the environmental nature reserve. In the process of construction, many karst caves are exposed and a large amount of water gushes from karst are encountered several times. During the treatment of water inrush, the source and characteristics of water inrush are explored, and several treatment measures such as “advance curtain grouting”, “diameter backward grouting” and “anti water pressure lining” are taken. The engineering practice shows that the treatment technology of karst water inrush adopted by the project is practical and effective, which has certain reference significance for the tunnel construction under the condition of rich karst water inrush.
Monitoring Study on CO and Dust Diffusion in High Altitude Tunnel under Blasting Operation
Authors: Zou Zongliang , Hu Xuebing , Yuan Ye , Chen Jianzhong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the high altitude area, the air density and the air pressure are low. CO and dust diffusion in tunnel construction have special rules. In this paper, combined with a high altitude tunnel engineering in Tibet, CO and dust diffusion during blasting operation was monitored, and diffusion situation before adopting treatment measures was compared with that after adopting treatment measures. The result shows concentration of CO and dust produced by blasting operations is high, which is more likely to cause damage to operators in areas with thin oxygen at high altitudes. Therefore, necessary treatment measures should be taken. In the longitudinal direction, the change rule of the CO and dust are totally the same. With the increase of distance from tunnel face, dust concentration declines gradually. In the range of 100m∼500m from tunnel face, the disadvantage effect of blasting is little. In this project, CO and dust concentration are reduced to a certain extent after the measures of strengthening ventilation and dust removal by water curtain are adopted.
Research Progress on Smoke Control Technology for Highway Tunnel Fire
Authors: Xia Fengyong , Yang Yuxuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Fire is one of the biggest threats to the safe operation of highway tunnels, which will not only damage the tunnel structure, but also seriously threaten the people’s lives and property. As a key link of tunnel fire rescue, ventilation and smoke control directly affects the development trend and hazard consequences of fire. Based on the previous research results, this paper introduces the characteristics of highway tunnel fire, the methods and characteristics of ventilation and smoke exhaust, the influence of tunnel structure, and fire extinguishing methods, which has certain reference and guiding significance for the design of fire ventilation and smoke exhaust, the personnel evacuation and emergency rescue in the highway tunnel.
Research on the Decision-making Model of Value Information Selection in the Context of Big Data
Authors: Dai Daqi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Data filtering is the first step in the utilization and development of big data, that is, obtaining value data from massive data resources, building system operation database, and realizing the mining and sorting of value data. However, restricted by the infinite big data environment and limited data acquisition ability, almost no technology can obtain all the value data. In this paper, a series of indicators are proposed to evaluate and enhance the data filtering algorithm.
The Current Situation of Computer-aided Translation and its Application
Authors: Liu Xianjun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Based on 631 articles about “computer-aided translation” collected in CNKI from 1988 to 2019, this paper makes statistical analysis on teaching by drawing keyword co-occurrence network with relevant software. Translation technology, translation software and their applications are summarized. On this basis, some suggestions are put forward for the future research of cat.
Research on the Hybrid Teaching Method of College English Online and Offline based on Mobile Terminal
Authors: Huang Jiqun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
English is an Indo European Germanic language. It is made up of 26 letters. The English alphabet originates from the Latin alphabet, while the Latin alphabet comes from the Greek alphabet and the Greek letters are from Phoenician letters. It is also a broadly adopted language in the overall world. English includes around 490000 words, plus around 300000 technical terms. It has the largest vocabulary. Also it is the official language of many states, for example the European Union, many international organizations and Commonwealth countries.
Research on Online Learning Curriculum in the Context of Big Data
Authors: Mu Sirong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With the development of information technology, it is possible to extract and apply big data, and it is also the first time that the samples and the whole of scientific research are combined and become the same concept. This study takes big data as the starting point, and deeply discusses the key and difficult problems of Freshmen in the process of online audio-visual. The conclusion is conducive to the smooth progress of online audio-visual curriculum reform, and also has certain guiding significance for students’ learning and teachers’ guidance.
Innovation of Agricultural Products Trace-ability System in Internet + Eco Agriculture
Authors: Zheng Yanbing , Cong Yongzhu , Jiang Shuai , Yang Zenghua , Cui Zhendong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of economy and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the Chinese dream of building a moderately prosperous society in 2020 will come true. At present, people’s concept and pursuit are also changing imperceptibly. It is especially obvious in people’s normal consumption of agricultural products. People are not worried about basic food and clothing problems, but more about the pursuit of “green, safety and health” of food quality. As China is a large agricultural country, there are many kinds of agricultural products, many employees selling agricultural products, weak awareness of agricultural product safety, blind pursuit of immediate interests, interest edification, and weak legal knowledge. With the rapid development of Internet technology, it is an inevitable trend to combine the Internet with the security of traditional agricultural products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a set of agricultural product tracking and tracing system based on RFID technology in the Internet + era. Through the traceability system of agricultural products, the production records can be stored and the flow direction of products can be traced.
Application of Big Data in Water Ecological Environment Monitoring
Authors: Ma Huanchun , Xiong Ying , Hou Xin , Shu Qiaosheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Water ecological data is an important part of national geographic information data and an important reference data to protect national environmental protection. China’s water ecological data has a long history, but historical reasons also lead to a certain lag in the management of water ecological data. In this paper, some problems of water ecological data are found in the research of AHP, and the corresponding countermeasures are put forward. It is believed that in the near future, water ecological data will be further supported by big data technology for in-depth data mining, so that its application scenarios are more, and it can better guide national construction.
Research on the Whole Process Engineering Consulting Service of Risk Sharing based on CIM Reward Model
Authors: Ying Danlei , Wang Libin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to fully study the CIM reward model risk sharing process of the whole process of engineering consulting services, this paper analyzes the three common outsourcing modes of engineering consulting by AHP, and analyzes the work flow by black box data flow. Finally, this paper believes that the policy analysis and case study of response engineering should be strengthened before the risk analysis of specific projects under CIM reward model can be made.