bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Catholic Horace at the English Court: Paratextual Manipulations in Thomas Hawkins's Odes of Horace (1625-1638)
Authors: Belle Marie-Alice 
Published: March 2020

This article addresses the ways in which Thomas Hawkins, a translator engaged in the cultural and literary activities of early Stuart court culture, but also in the transnational, Anglo-French Catholic networks of the time, appropriates certainOdes of Horaceto assert his cultural, literary, and ideological values at the courts of Charles I and Henrietta Maria. Focusing in particular on the paratexts of the printed volume in its various editions (1625-1638), which include a translator’s preface as well as a number of commendatory poems from contemporary writers and courtiers, this article revisits Theo Hermans’s (2014a [1985]) and André Lefevere’s (2006 [1992]) seminal methods for analyzing the ‘manipulation of literary fame’ in early modern England. While confirming Hermans’s and Lefevere’s attention to issues of patronage and cultural norms, as well as the pivotal importance of paratexts as markers of such factors, I argue that the strategies of ideological and political encoding at work in the productions of English seventeenth-century court culture are best understood when approached from an “enlarged” (Tymoczko, 2005, 2007) methodological stance. This means complementing well-established analyses of literary manipulation in terms of patronage and cultural norms with specific attention to the material conditions in which translations were produced and circulated; their significance to the complex and ideologically conflicted milieu of the early Stuart court; and the social, political, and religious networks in which translators operated, well beyond the immediate circles of courtly patronage and influence.
Colonialisme, universalisme occidental et traduction
Authors: Chagnon Karim 
Published: March 2020

Les récents jalons et subséquentes célébrations de l’histoire coloniale du Canada, du 150e anniversaire de la Confédération canadienne au 375e anniversaire de Montréal, sont l’occasion de souligner la présence immémoriale de plus de 10 000 ans des peuples autochtones sur ce territoire. Le contexte s’avère également propice pour réfléchir au rôle de la traduction entre les langues européennes et autochtones dans le parcours national. D’ailleurs, l’asymétrie actuelle entre les langues d’origine européenne et les langues autochtones illustre comment la traduction a participé à une médiation idéologique qui a historiquement tendu vers la colonisation avec, en contrepartie, l’éradication de la présence des peuples autochtones par des processus d’assimilation. Comment l’existence et la survie des langues autochtones contribuent-elles à mettre en lumière la fonction et les postulats de la traduction au Canada? Dans la réflexion qui suit, je propose de révéler certaines tendances politiques et idéologiques qui se sont exprimées à travers le prisme de la traduction. La traductologie au Canada repose sur des postulats eurocentriques qui, malgré leur ubiquité et leur normalisation, sont éminemment politiques dans leur construction. En déconstruisant ces postulats de la traduction répertoriés par la traductologue Maria Tymoczko (2003) à l’aide d’exemples ancrés dans le contexte de colonialisme d’implantation canadien, je propose de considérer des pratiques de traduction décoloniale qui reflètent des conceptions de la traduction hors des schémas axiologiques occidentaux.
Proximate composition, functional properties and quantitative analysis of benzoyl peroxide and benzoic acid in wheat flour samples: effect on wheat flour quality
Authors: Nisar Numrah , Mustafa Faiza , Tahir Arifa , Qadri Rashad , Yang Yaodong , Khan Muhammad Imran , Wang Fuyou 
Published: March 2020

Background
Extensive milling processes have deprived wheat flour from essential nutrients. The objective of the current study was to assess the nutritive quality of commercial wheat flour (soft flour (SF)) through analyses of proximate composition and functional properties as well as quantification of benzoyl peroxide (BPO; added as bleaching agent in the SF) by comparing the results with whole wheat flour (WF; never received any additives).

Methods
The samples included commercial SF purchased from the local supplier of different flour mills (who use BPO as additive) and a control sample without additives was prepared by grinding the seeds harvested from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; Inqulab 91) crop grown in the experimental field of University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, under optimized field conditions without any fertilizers and insecticides. Functional properties (including bulk density, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, emulsifying activity, foaming capacity, least gelatinization concentration and gelatinization temperature) and proximate composition (including moisture content, ash contents, crude protein, gluten and starch contents) were determined and compared for all the samples. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and Benzoic Acid (BA) quantification was performed through High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Finally dietary intake was estimated for BPO and BA.

Results
Results showed that SF had lesser fiber, protein and ash contents, whereas, higher damaged starch, fat, gluten and bulk density. A parallel experiment under selected conditions (temperature, time and solute concentration) showed dissociation of BPO into BA soon after the exposure. Observed BA range (13.77 mg/g after 16 h) in SF and exposure level assessment (44.3 ± 1.36 mg/kg/BW) showed higher intake of BA on the consumption of SF. The results revealed the superiority of WF over SF in nutritive qualities as well as free of toxicants such as BA.
A Review on Ethnomedicinal Claims and Spread of Pothos scandens L.
Authors: Sojeetra Niral H. , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: March 2020

Aim: Present review aims to collect all available ethno medicinal information and research updates on Pothos scandens, a popular drug among the local healers for its multipurpose traditional therapeutic claims.
Materials and Methods: Reported ethno medicinal uses of Pothos scandens from available books related to medicinal plants and research articles on ethno medicine, published till January 2020, were reviewed. Name of the reporting tribe using the plant and their place of reporting, vernacular names, parts used along with its therapeutic indications, with specific method of administration, if any, through either external or internal usages were noted.
Results: P. scandens is reported for its presence in 13 countries across the globe and in 13 states of India. The plant as a whole or its stem, root and leaf are used in 31 different disease conditions, either through internal administration or external applications. Among these, maximum are indicated in the treatment of asthma, small pox, wounds and bone fracture etc. Its leaves have maximum applications in 11 disease conditions, followed by whole plant in 10, stem in 3 and root in one disease condition. Its leaves are also used as fodder. Pharmacological studies report its anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, wound healing activities.
Conclusion: Pothos scandens is having multifaceted ethno-medicinal claims and needs robust scientific evaluation through pharmacological and clinical studies to establish the ethnic claims.
Radiation Myelitis Risk After Hypofractionated Spine Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Authors: Jackson Christopher B. , Boe Lillian A. , Zhang Lei , Apte Aditya , Ruppert Lisa M. , Haseltine Justin M. , Mueller Boris A. , Schmitt Adam M. , Yang Jonathan T. , Newman W. Christopher , Barzilai Ori , Bilsky Mark H. , Yamada Yoshiya , Jackson Andrew , Lis Eric , Higginson Daniel S. 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for spinal metastases improves symptomatic outcomes and local control compared to conventional radiotherapy. Treatment failure most often occurs within the epidural space, where dose is constrained by the risk of radiation myelitis (RM). Current constraints designed to prevent RM after spine SBRT are derived from limited data.ObjectiveTo characterize the risk of RM after spine SBRT and to update the dosimetric constraints for preventing it.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study was conducted in a single tertiary cancer care center with patients treated for spinal metastases from 2014 to 2023. All included participants had undergone spine SBRT, had a minimum of 1-month follow-up with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a maximal cord dose to a voxel (Dmax) greater than 0 Gy, and no overlapping prior radiotherapy. In all, 2051 patients received SBRT to 2835 spinal metastases (levels C1-L2) during the study period.ExposuresThree-fraction spine SBRT to a prescription dose of 27 to 36 Gy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRM defined as radiographic evidence of spinal cord injury in the treatment field, classified as grade (G) 1 to G4 or G3 to G4 per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.0. Multiple dosimetric parameters of the true spinal cord structure were assessed for an association with risk of RM to determine the important covariates associated with this toxicity.ResultsThe analysis included 1423 patients (mean [SD] age, 61.6 [12.9] years; 695 [48.8%] females and 728 [51.1%] males) who received SBRT for 1904 spinal metastases. Among them, 30 cases of RM were identified, 19 of which were classified as G3 to G4. Two years after SBRT, the rate of G1 to G4 RM was 1.8% (95% CI, 1.2%-2.5%) and the rate of G3 to G4 RM was 1.1% (95% CI, 0.7%-1.7%). The minimum dose to the 0.1 cm3 of spinal cord receiving the greatest dose (D0.1cc) was the most important covariate on univariable cause-specific hazards regression for RM (for G3 to G4: hazard ratio, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.68-2.72; P &amp;lt; .001). A true cord D0.1cc of 19.1 Gy and Dmax of 20.8 Gy estimated a 1.0% risk (95% CI, 0.3%-1.6% and 0.4%-1.6%, respectively) of G3 to G4 RM 2 years after SBRT.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study indicate that a cord (myelogram or MRI-derived) D0.1cc constraint of 19.1 Gy and a Dmax constraint of 20.8 Gy correspond with a 1.0% risk of G3 to G4 RM at 2 years.
Quantifying Patient Preferences and Expectations About Diabetic Retinopathy Monitoring
Authors: Gonzalez Sepulveda Juan Marcos , Yang Jui-Chen , Mastylak Alicja , Wells-Gray Elaine M. , Grace Landon , Fransen Stephen 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness among adults in the US. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends annual DR monitoring for all individuals with diabetes, yet monitoring rates remain below 70%.ObjectiveTo evaluate how patient preferences and expectations about DR monitoring are associated with expected monitoring adherence behaviors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this survey study, a web-enabled survey instrument was developed and implemented with a discrete-choice experiment to characterize patient preferences for outcomes of DR monitoring and graded-pair questions to quantify patients’ expectations about the impact of DR monitoring on blindness risk. The survey was conducted through ResearchMatch, a US National Institutes of Health–developed online platform, among adults with self-reported, physician-diagnosed diabetes. Recruitment occurred between September 15, 2023, and October, 17, 2023, and data analysis occurred between October 2023 and December 2023. Results from the 2 tasks were combined to derive patients’ expected monitoring behavior following a recently proposed treatment adherence framework. The survey instrument was pretested in cognitive interviews and validated for the purposes of this study.ExposureSurvey-based discrete-choice experiment and graded-pair questionsMain Outcomes and MeasuresParticipants’ relative preferences for DR-related blindness risk reductions, monitoring time, and out-of-pocket monitoring costs were quantified, as well as the degree to which participants expected adherence to monitoring to affect the risk of blindness. By combining how much participants valued specific reductions in blindness risk (relative to monitoring costs) and their expected risk reduction through monitoring, the rate at which patients would maximize the benefit of monitoring appointments was assessed.ResultsThe survey was completed satisfactorily by 304 respondents of 542 individuals invited to participate. Mean (SD) respondent age was 40.5 (11.2) years, and 169 respondents (56.1%) were female. Reductions in blindness risk were valuable to participants. Participants required a 3.87 (95% CI, 1.91-5.88) percentage-point reduction in 5-year blindness risk to be fully adherent to an annual 53-minute monitoring visit with a $26 co-payment, but respondents expected DR monitoring to reduce the 5-year blindness risk by 0.71 (95% CI, 0.21-1.28) percentage points.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this online survey study among adults with diabetes, measurement of patient preferences and expectations about DR monitoring with properly validated instruments offered an opportunity to assess patient health behaviors. The association between preferences and monitoring expectations was generally consistent with monitoring nonadherence among adults with diabetes and offers insights that may help address inconsistent DR monitoring.
Natural Macromolecule‐Based Lubricative Catheter Coatings with Sustained Adaptive Antibacterial Property for Encrustation and Infection Prevention
Authors: Zhang Lujiao , Sun Meizhou , Song Weizhuo , Wu Ruonan , Yu Bingran , Duan Shun , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCatheter‐associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) are a global health burden. Moreover, the friction during urinary catheter placement also induces pain in patients. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop effective antibacterial and lubricative coatings on the surface of urinary catheter. In this work, a facile volatilization film‐forming method is used to construct coatings on catheter surfaces. Xanthan gum (SR), which has good lubricative and antifouling properties, is oxidized to cross‐link with multi‐amino compounds, gentamicin (GS), and gelatin, to fabricate uniform coatings on silicone catheters (SR‐GXGs). The structures of SR‐GXGs are regulated by the components of the film formation solutions. The bacterial metabolism can produce an acidic micro‐environment that can regulate GS release to achieve on‐demand administration. SR‐GXG2 can eliminate 99.99% of common pathogenic bacteria and reduce the dynamic friction coefficient by 98.73%, and showed high stability in a 7‐day flowing experiment. In addition, the universality of this method is demonstrated on various kinds of matrices with different shapes, including commercial urethral catheters. In vivo, SR‐GXG2 can effectively avoid urinary tract injury and encrustation phenomenon because of its good anti‐infection, antifouling, and lubricative properties. This work provides a promising strategy for developing multifunctional antibacterial coatings on medical catheters.
The Lasting Impact of Social Isolation: Behavioral Insights From Former Pet and Entertainer Chimpanzees in a Sanctuary in Spain
Authors: Chen Emma , Pipolo Giulia , Crailsheim Dietmar , Morimoto Juliano 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHuman fascination with chimpanzees has driven extensive research on the species, but also led to exploitation by private owners and entertainment industries. These animals often suffer species‐specific inadequate conditions, which can result in the development and display of abnormal behaviors even after rescue. These behaviors highlight the importance for zoos and sanctuaries to actively prevent worsening the effects of previous inadequate treatment by providing apes with social and stimulating environments that support their recovery. We conducted a 2‐month behavioral survey on two groups of former pet and entertainment chimpanzees (n = 10) at the Fundación MONA sanctuary in Spain. From 116 h of instantaneous scan observations, we documented individual abnormal behaviors (e.g., self‐poking, overgrooming, self‐scratching). We assessed the association between the occurrence of these behaviors and individuals' origin, early history, age at rescue, and pre‐rescue social conditions. We found no significant difference in the frequency of abnormal behavior between pet and entertainer chimpanzees, and between individuals born in captivity versus in the wild. Moreover, we observed that the frequency of abnormal behaviors increased with age at rescue for previously isolated individuals, but the correlation disappeared for those socially housed pre‐rescue. These findings suggest that early social isolation and a late age at rescue may impose long‐term changes on chimpanzees' behavior, and they emphasize the importance of accounting for age at rescue and previous housing conditions in care management and rehabilitation procedures.
Benzyl Ammonium Carbamates Undergo Two‐Step Linker Cleavage and Improve the Properties of Antibody Conjugates
Authors: Li Xiaoyi , Patel Nimit L. , Kalen Joseph , Schnermann Martin J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTargeted payload delivery strategies, such as antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs), have emerged as important therapeutics. Although considerable efforts have been made in the areas of antibody engineering and labeling methodology, improving the overall physicochemical properties of the linker/payload combination remains an important challenge. Here we report an approach to create an intrinsically hydrophilic linker domain. We find that benzyl α‐ammonium carbamates (BACs) undergo tandem 1,6–1,2‐elimination to release secondary amines. Using a fluorogenic hemicyanine as a model payload component, we show that a zwitterionic BAC linker improves labeling efficiency and reduces antibody aggregation when compared to a commonly used para‐amino benzyl (PAB) linker as well as a cationic BAC. Cellular and in vivo fluorescence imaging studies demonstrate that the model payload is specifically released in antigen‐expressing cells and tumors. The therapeutic potential of the BAC linker strategy was assessed using an MMAE payload, a potent microtubule‐disrupting agent frequently used for ADC applications. The BAC‐MMAE combination enhances labeling efficiency and cellular toxicity when compared to the routinely used PAB‐Val‐Cit ADC analogue. Broadly, this strategy provides a general approach to mask payload hydrophobicity and improve the properties of targeted agents.
Utilizing network analysis to identify core items of quality of life for children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Liu Jin , Chezan Laura C. , Zhao Yue , Hood Sarah K. , Drasgow Erik , Wang Han 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate an ultra‐short scale called the Quality of Life for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder 3 (QOLASD‐C3) from the full 16‐item QOLASD‐C scale. We first used network analysis to identify three core items to be retained on the QOLASD‐C3 scale. Second, we used Cronbach's alpha and Pearson Product Moment correlations to determine the reliability and validity of the scale. Third, an optimal cut‐off score of 6 was identified for the using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Finally, we used logistic regression to examine the similarities in the classification status based on demographic characteristics between the quality of life (QOL) status using the QOLASD‐C and the QOLASD‐C3 scales. Results were similar across the two versions and suggested variations in QOL status based on race/ethnicity, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) severity, and parents' socio‐economic status. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Adaptive and Behavioral Profiles in Down Syndrome and Co‐Occurring Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Fucà Elisa , Vicari Stefano , Costanzo Floriana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDown syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID). Individuals with DS exhibit an elevated risk of other neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary objective of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of co‐occurring ASD in children and adolescents with DS using a case–control approach. We compared the adaptive and behavioral profiles of a group of participants with both DS and ASD (ASD group) with a group of participants with DS‐only matched by age, sex, and IQ (CON group). Participants in the ASD group exhibited significantly lower adaptive skills than the CON group, despite the IQ‐matching in the moderate/severe ID range. No group differences emerged on internalizing or externalizing behavioral symptoms, but participants in the ASD group exhibited significantly higher social withdrawal, stereotyped behavior, and restricted interests. These findings indicate that, although children with DS—with or without ASD—who have similar low cognitive functioning often exhibit common behavioral traits, paying close attention to the elevation of stereotyped behaviors or restricted interests can improve the detection of co‐occurring ASD in this population, enabling more personalized interventions. Conversely, the presence of ritualistic behaviors or behaviors related to insistence on sameness may not be a strong indicator of underlying ASD in children with DS. Additionally, acknowledging that the presence of ASD contributes to adaptive behavior deficits beyond the impact of moderate‐to‐severe ID alone highlights the critical need for early interventions to enhance daily living skills in this population.
Impact of position of bolster on outcome of prone PCNL—A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Singh Vikram , Dhayal Ishwar Ram , Singh Sanjeet Kumar , Srivastava Alok , Rai Nandan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the position of the bolster affects the access tract (supracostal/infracostal) for a superior calyceal puncture during prone PCNL and its effect on pleural complications.Materials and MethodsIt was a randomized clinical trial. Patients in whom superior calyceal puncture was done were divided into two groups by systematic sampling method, group 1 (horizontal bolster) and group 2 (vertical bolster), 50 patients in each group. Standard PCNL was perfomed in all patients. Chest x‐ray was done on POD 0 (postoperative day) and POD 1 for assessment of pleural complication. NCCT KUB was done on POD 1 for assessment of stone clearance.ResultsIn group 1, 36 patients (72%) underwent supracostal puncture and 14 patients (28%) underwent infracostal puncture while in group 2, 38 patients (76%) underwent supracostal puncture and 14 patients (28%) underwent infracostal puncture (p‐value‐ 0.820). Two patients (4%) in group 1 & three patients in group 2 had pleural complications in the form of hydrothorax (p‐value‐ 0.666). Four patients in group 1 and five patients in group 2 underwent ancillary procedure for clearance of residual stones.ConclusionIn our study, the orientation of the bolster either horizontal or vertical does not affect the site of puncture during prone PCNL which probably resulted in no difference in pleural complications in two groups.