bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Father's Experiences During the Stay of the Premature Baby in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU): A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Garnica-Torres ZulyKatherine , Dias Greicyani Brarymi , Pedroso Janari da Silva 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This systematic review aims to understand the father's experience in the neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) while accompanying his premature baby. Prematurity rates are increasing; every year, millions of parents faced having their premature baby hospitalized in NICU without being prepared to face this situation. It is relevant to talk about how fathers feel with the experience of being parents of premature babies. The father-baby attachment is affected by prematurity, thus performing the kangaroo care method with the active participation of the father is vital to promote the attachment between the dyad. Method: The authors will include original father-centered research articles, with measurements made in the NICU. Databases included articles from 2010 to 2020, are APA PsycNet, BVS, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and The Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. CENTRAL). Two researchers will extract the data and evaluate the quality of each study through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and references will be managed in the Mendeley software. This review will not perform a meta-analysis, results will be presented in a qualitative narrative synthesis that includes all the data found.Discussion: This review will contribute to the construction of evidence about the father's experience in the neonatal intensive care unit, as well as how attachment develops between the baby and the father in this field and how the kangaroo care method promotes attachment in this dyad. Ethics and disseminationThis is a protocol for a systematic review, therefore, no approval from an ethics committee is required. We will submit the article to a peer-reviewed health journal, and the results will be published in congresses focused on neonatal, child, and psychological health.PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019142086
Analysis of the Gap in PCR Monitoring Availability for Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in 60 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Rowley Seth , Garcia-Gonzalez Patricia , Radich Jerald P , Usherenko Irina , Babigumira Joseph B 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To estimate the resource gap in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) monitoring for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: We developed a model of demand and supply of PCR monitoring of CML patients in 60 LMICs. PCR testing was assumed to use Cepheid’s GeneXpert® IV system. We included costs of GeneXpert® instruments, uninterrupted power supplies, warranties, calibration kits, test cartridges, and shipping. We calculated the country-specific monetary gap in PCR monitoring, stratified by country priority defined as the availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) through The Max Foundation initiatives. Results: The five-year gap in PCR monitoring was $29.1 million across all countries, 22% ($6.4 million) in countries with all five TKIs available, 20% ($5.7 million) in countries with four TKIs available, 50% ($14.5 million) in countries with three TKIs available, 8% ($2.2 million) in countries with two TKIs available, and 1% ($0.3 million) in countries with one TKI available. The gap was highest in South Asia (52%; $15.1 million) and lowest in Latin America (6%; $1.9 million). Excluding labor costs, the bulk of the resource needs (86%; $25.2 million) were for procurement of BCR-ABL cartridges. Conclusion: Removing the five-year gap in PCR monitoring capacity for CML in LMICs will require the mobilization of significant resources and will likely lead to better treatment outcomes and reduced treatment costs through optimization of treatment, discontinuation of therapy in appropriate patients, and facilitation of clinical research. Development of streamlined monitoring guidelines for resource-limited countries should be considered.
Development of the Home based Virtual Rehabilitation System (HoVRS) to Remotely Deliver an Intense and Customized Upper Extremity Training
Authors: Qiu Qinyin , Cronce Amanda , Patel Jigna , Fluet Gerard G , Mont Ashley , Merians Alma S , Adamovich Sergei V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: After stroke, sustained hand rehabilitation training is required for continuous improvement and maintenance of distal function. Methods: In this paper, we present a system designed and implemented in our lab: the Home based Virtual Rehabilitation System (HoVRS). Fifteen subjects with chronic stroke were recruited to test the feasibility of the system as well as to refine the design and training protocol to prepare for a future efficacy study. HoVRS was placed in subjects’ homes, and subjects were asked to use the system at least 15 minutes every weekday for 3 months (12 weeks) with limited technical support and remote clinical monitoring. Results: All patients completed the study without any adverse events. Subjects on average spent 13.5 hours using the system. Clinical and kinematic data were collected pre and post study. The whole group improved on the Fugl-Meyer (FM) assessment and on six kinematic measurements. In addition, a combination of these kinematic measures was able to predict a substantial portion of subjects’ FM scores. Conclusion: The outcomes of this pilot study warrant further investigation of the system’s ability to promote recovery of hand function in subacute and chronic stroke.
Risk factors of acute cardiovascular events following acute exacerbation period for patients with COPD: a nested case-control study
Authors: Hu Weiping , Lhamo Tsokyi , Zhang Feng-ying , Hang Jing-qing , Zuo Yi-hui , Hua Jian-lan , Li Shan-qun , Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background For patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the incidence of acute cardiovascular events (CVEs) increases during acute exacerbation (AE) period, causing increased inpatient mortality. Thus, we try to identify risk factors of acute CVEs in patients with AECOPD via a nested case-control study.Methods A total of 496 cases hospitalized for AECOPD were included into analysis, and followed-up for 6 months after discharge. Acute CVEs in the AE period were defined as the new or worsening acute coronary syndrome (ACS), arrhythmia, left ventricular disfunction (LVD). Risk factors were selected from several variables, including baseline characteristics and treatments in the stable period as well as symptoms, laboratory tests, complications and treatments in the AE period. Results Thirty cases (6.05%) had acute CVEs, including 2 with ACS, 13 with LVD, 19 with arrhythmia, and 4 deaths, with significantly increased mortality risk (P=0.001, OR=5.81). Moreover, patients who have had CVEs were inclined to have re-exacerbation within 3 months. Multivariate analysis showed that previous LVD history (P=0.004, OR=5.06), 20% increase in heart rate (HR) (P=0.003, OR= 10.19), electrolyte disturbance (P=0.01, OR= 4.24) and diuretics (P=0.002, OR = 6.37) were independent risk factors. In addition, usage of theophylline, fluoroquinolone and inhaled beta agonists in the AE period were not statistically associated with acute CVEs. Conclusions Our study preliminarily indicated that patients hospitalized for AECOPD with previous LVD history or increased HR need close observation and diuretics should be cautiously used with electrolyte monitoring. These findings needs to be confirmed in a large cohort.
Heat transfer and Entropy analysis of airflow around an airfoil subjected to an external magnetic field
Authors: Saffarzadeh Hamed , Djavareshkian M.H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the present study, the thermal Lattice Boltzmann Technique is combined with the Ghost Fluid method to simulate the flow and heat transfer rate around a NACA 0015 airfoil in the presence of an external magnetic field source. It is tried to investigate the mutual effects of the Hartmann and Reynolds numbers as well as the magnetic field angle and the attack angle of the airfoil on the flow and heat transfer characteristics. Besides, the total entropy generation rate of the system was studied through its main components, i.e. entropy generation rate due to friction, heat transfer, and Magneto Hydrodynamics. Therefore, the tests were carried out for various Re and Ha numbers, plus different magnetic field angles and airfoil attack angles, and their influence on the active parameters which are Cd, Cl, and Nu, along with the entropy generation rate of the system,were recorded. The results revealed that with an increment of the Re number the Cd and Cl graphs drop, but the Nu value raises. Also, the total entropy generation rate of the system is at its maximum around\(\gamma =60\).
Haematological factors of SARS-CoV-2 infection aggravation: a COVID'HEMOS study
Authors: Billoir Paul , Alexandre Kevin , Duflot Thomas , Roger Maxime , Miranda Sebastien , Goria Odile , Joly Luc Marie , Demeyere Mathieu , Feugray Guillaume , Etienne Manuel , Duchez Veronique Le Cam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Since December 2019, a pandemic caused by a new coronavirus has spread to more than 170 countries around the world. Worsening infected patients requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission, associated with 30% of mortality. A part of worsening is mediated by haemostasis deregulation. The primary aim of this study was to determine if haematological biomarkers, in addition to clinical risk factors on hospital admission, predict worsening (defined by ICU admission and/or death) in Covid-19 infected patients, and secondary, if they could predict the occurrence of thrombotic events. Thirty-five of the 99 patients got clinically worse and 8 developed pulmonary embolism (PE). Final model of the logistic regression analysis revealed that oxygenodependence (RR=7.27[1.50-19.31]), fibrinogen levels (RR=1.45[1.17-1.82]), thrombin peak (RR=1.28[1.03-1.59]), monocytes counts below 0.2 G/L (RR=2.88[1.67-3.19]) and prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2) higher than 290 pM (RR=2.39[1.20-3.30]) were associated with clinical worsening. Fibrinogen level threshold of 5.5 g/L, thrombin peak measurement threshold of 99 pM and oxygenodepence allowed prediction of clinical outcome in near than 80% of our cohort. Moreover, using ROC curves, thrombin peak and F1+2 on admission with a threshold of 204 nM and 393 pM were sensitive and specific to predict PE (AUC: 85.7% Se: 70.8% Sp: 100% and AUC: 81.5% Se: 75.0% Sp: 86.8% respectively). In conclusion, we described a rapid decision tree to predict outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients based on fibrinogen, TGA peak and oxygen dependence. Furthermore, thrombin peak and F1+2 seem to be specific haematological marker to predict PE, even in patients with thromboprophylaxis.
Effect of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions and Threats to Human Rights
Authors: Hwang Ha , Hong Seung-Hun , Park Min-Hye 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments have implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to curb rapid virus transmission. A growing concern is that such interventions, aimed at ensuring public safety, may severely restrain fundamental human rights. This paper examines which NPIs are more effective than others in containing COVID-19 with the consideration of their threat to human rights. After classifying NPIs into three categories according to their threat to human rights: the right to freedom of movement, the right to freedom of assembly, and the right to privacy, this paper conducts linear regression analyses on the effectiveness of NPIs in containing COVID-19 over 108 countries. This paper finds that school closure is effective in containing COVID-19 only when it is implemented along with complete contact tracing. We confirm the results of the regression analysis by examining the changes in the cumulated number of confirmed cases and the changes of NPIs in ten selected countries. Our findings imply that to contain COVID-19 effectively and minimize the risk of human rights abuse, governments should consider implementing prudently designed full contact tracing and school closure policies, among others. Other interventions limiting freedom of movement and assembly should be carefully adopted with minimal infringement of human rights.
Extubation success without using high-flow nasal cannula and non-invasive ventilation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A retrospective observational study
Authors: Inoue Akira , Shirakawa Kazuhiro , Fujita Nonoka , Kanao Kunio , Saito Yutaka , Takuma Kiyotsugu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to be a global pandemic. It was also reported that approximately 20%-23% of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital required mechanical ventilation (MV). Reintubation rates ranged from 13–19%, leading to increased mortality. Moreover, exposure of health care workers is a serious problem and intubation is a high-risk procedure because of aerosol generation. To reduce reintubation, preventive high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) after extubation are recommended. However, using HFNC and NIV in patients with COVID-19 may lead to the spread of infection. Without using HFNC and NIV, conventional spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) may overestimate a patient’s respiratory status. A highly demanding SBT accurately assesses a patient’s reserve capacity and may reduce reintubation. We did not use preventive HFNC or NPPV and extubated with a highly demanding SBT protocol. This study aimed to evaluate whether our protocol can be performed safely.Methods This single-centre study was conducted at the Kawasaki Municipal Hospital from February 2020 to June 2020. Patients with COVID-19 requiring MV were screened for their eligibility for the weaning procedure every day. Patients were extubated after administering methylprednisolone if SBT was well tolerated. SBT was performed with 3 cmH2O pressure support, 3 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure, and ≤ 0.30 fraction of inspired oxygen. In extubated patients, the reintubation rate, duration of MV, length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, and rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were analyzed.Results Ten patients received MV. Two of 10 patients had no improvement in their respiratory status and did not qualify for the extubation criteria and died. Eight patients were extubated. No reintubations were performed (0%). The median durations of MV, ICU stay, and hospital stay were 13 (interquartile range [IQR], 10–16) days, 17 (IQR, 13–27) days, and 22 (IQR, 16–26), and 3 patients (37.5%) was diagnosed VAP.Conclusions Extubation was performed with a highly demanding SBT protocol, and no patients were reintubated. All patients did not require HFNC and NIV. Further research is required in critically ill patients.
Dietary Seaweed-derived Polysaccharides Improve Growth Performance of Weaned Pigs Through Maintaining Intestinal Barrier Function and Modulating Gut Microbial Populations&nbsp;
Authors: Zou Tiande , Yang Jin , Guo Xiaobo , He Qin , Wang Zirui , You Jinming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Seaweed-derived polysaccharides (SDP) represent an attractive source of prebiotic nutraceuticals for the food and animal husbandry industry. However, the mechanism by which SDP from Enteromorpha mediates pig growth are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate how SDP supplementation influences the growth performance and intestinal health in weaned pigs.Results: In Exp. 1, 240 weaned pigs were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments and fed with a basal diet or a basal diet containing 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP, respectively, in a 21-d trial. Pigs on the 400 or 800 mg/kg SDP-supplemented group had greater ADG and lower F/G ratio than those on the control group (P＜0.05). In Exp. 2, 20 male weaned pigs were randomly assigned to two treatments and fed with a basal diet (CON group) or a basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg SDP (the optimum does from Exp. 1), in a 21-d trial. Pigs fed the SDP diet had greater ADG, the concentrations of serum IL-6 and TNF-α and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase (P＜0.05), and lower F/G, diarrhea rate, as well as serum D-lactate concentrations and diamine oxidase activity (P＜0.05). Moreover, dietary SDP supplementation enhanced secretory immunoglobulin A content, villus height and villous height: crypt depth ratio in small intestine, as well as the lactase and maltase activities in jejunum mucosa (P＜0.05). SDP supplementation elevated the mRNA levels of inflammatory response-related genes (IL-6, TNF-α, TLR4, TLR6 and MyD88), and the mRNA and protein levels of ZO-1, Claudin-1 and Occludin in jejunum mucosa (P＜0.05). Importantly, SDP not only increased the Lactobacillus population but also reduced the Escherichia coli population in cecum (P＜0.05). Furthermore, SDP increased acetic acid and butyric acid concentrations in cecum (P＜0.05). Conclusions: These results not only suggest a beneficial effect of SDP on growth performance and intestinal barrier functions, but also offer potential mechanisms behind SDP-facilitated intestinal health in weaned pigs.
Prediction of the mechanisms of action of Yinqiao powder in Influenza: A network pharmacology study
Authors: shen xiao , He Linglin , Fan Fuyuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective To predict the potential target and pharmacological mechanism of Yinqiao Powder (YQP) in the treatment of influenza. MethodsThe symptom mapping (SymMap) platform was retrieved to obtain the targets of all herbs in YQP. Influenza-related targets were obtained using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) and DisgeNet database. The String database was used to construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network; the Metascape platform was used to enrich key targets by GeneOntology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Data were visualized and analyzed using software such as Bioinformatics, Edrawmax, and Cytoscape. Results A total of 263 potential targets of YQP for influenza treatment were screened. There are 256 nodes and 3697 edges in the PPI network. The key targets of the PPI network are AKT1, TP53, INS, IL6, MAPK3, VEGFA, etc. The results of Go enrichment showed that YQP can interfere with biological processes such as response to toxic substance, cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, response to lipopolysaccharide, response to extracellular stimulus, and positive regulation of cell death. The results of KEGG pathway enrichment showed that YQP could interfere with the infection process of the influenza virus by intervening PI3K/Akt, TNF, IL-17, MAPK, and other pathways. Conclusion This study reflects the multi-target and multi-pathway action characteristics of Yinqiaosan, and its mechanism of action in the treatment of influenza may be related to the regulation of PI3K-Akt, NF-kappa B, and MAPK signaling pathways. However, further experimental studies are needed to verify the specific mechanism of YQP.
Interviewing children: the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on children’s changes in routine and psychological distress.&nbsp;
Authors: Segre Giulia , Campi Rita , Scarpellini Francesca , Clavenna Antonio , Zanetti Michele , Cartabia Massimo , Bonati Maurizio 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in governments implementing disease containment measures such as school closures, social distancing, and home quarantine.To date, only a few studies have drawn attention to the psychological impact of lockdown on Italian children’s mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the psychological distress (anxiety and mood symptoms) and changes in routine among Italian primary and middle school students during the COVID-19 quarantine.Methods: This qualitative interview study was performed between the 18th of May and 7th of June 2020: it involved a sample of 82 children and adolescents living in Milan (Italy), attending primary and middle school (aged 6 to 14 years), and their parents.Results: Almost 30% of the subjects reported having struggled to adjust to home learning. 36 responders completely changed their dietary habits during the lockdown: they were not eating the same amount of food and were consuming more junk food. Sleep habits were also affected by the lockdown measures: 28% of the sample had difficulties sleeping and wished to sleep in their parents’ bed. Concerning psychological distress, 64 (78%) children and adolescents had anxiety symptoms; 43.9% of the students reported significant mood symptoms.Conclusions: Children are not indifferent to the dramatic impact of the COVID-19 epidemic: our data confirm their difficulties in adapting to the quarantine measures. The effects of stress exposure may not manifest later on during the children’s development, and, for this reason, it would be interesting to follow up on these participants to improve our understanding of how long these outcomes may last.
A Stochastic Programming Model for Service Scheduling with Uncertain Demand: An Application in Open-Access Clinic Scheduling
Authors: Fu Yu , Banerjee Amarnath 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper addresses a scheduling problem which handles urgent tasks along withexisting schedules. The uncertainty in this problem comes from random situations ofexisting schedules and arrival of upcoming urgent tasks. To deal with the uncertainty,this paper proposes a stochastic integer programming (SIP) based aggregated onlinescheduling method. The method is illustrated through a study case from the outpatientclinic block-wise scheduling system which is under a hybrid scheduling policycombining regular far-in-advance policy and the open-access policy. The COVID-19pandemic brings more challenges for the healthcare system including the fluctuationsof serving time, and increasing urgent requests which this paper is designed for. TheSIP model designed in the method can easily accommodate uncertainties of theproblems, such as: no-shows, cancellations and punctuality of previously scheduledpatients as well as random arrival and preference of new patients. To solve the SIPmodel, the deterministic equivalent problem formulations are solved using theproposed bound-based sampling method.