bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical correlation of gold placer and indication of Au-Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization at Parigi Moutong, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Tonggiroh A , Nur I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Parigi Moutong area is known as a destination for craftsmen and small-scale gold mining to get gold grains on rock, soil and river deposits. Gold granules were found in two morphological, there are Northern Hills (MNH) - and Morphology of Southern Hills (MSH), both of these morphologies were controlled by geological structures. The morphology of Northern Hills (MNH) is composed by granite, diorite, andesite non-andesite mineralization of sulphide mineralization, the dominance of the composition of gold granules found in river deposits on the soil. The morphology of the South Hills (MSH) spreads to the terrain and beaches composed by granite, andesite, schist, gneiss, molasses, Tinombo Formation, and the dominance of gold granular concentrations found on the soil.
This paper aims to differentiate geochemical characteristics of MNH and MSH on soil and gold grains obtained by panning concentrate methode of river deposit and soil, and predicts the types of primary deposits as a source of gold granules. The difference of gold association is related to the type of placer deposit, i.e the fluvial placer in the soil in the form of a residual deposit bag takes the path of weathering transport of andesite mineralization and fluvial tectonic transported zona brecciated. By normal P-P plot normality test knowing that the type of Au deposit correlates strongly with Cu compared to Pb correlated Au, and Cu increases linearly with Pb. Concentration on soil fluvial weathering and changes is higher than in soil fluvial tectonic transported.
The result rotation of the Au, Cu, Pb, Zn matrix components show there are two distributions of strongly correlated variables, namely (1) Au (0.953)-Ag (0.949) and (2) Cu (0.900) -Zn (0.902). Those order correlation is a strong indication of the presence of placer deposit sources as hydrothermal deposits: 1) Au-Cu (2) Au-Zn (3) Cu-PB and (4) epithermal Au-Ag.
Geological constraints for disaster mitigation model in South Sulawesi
Authors: Maulana A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
South Sulawesi is one of the provinces in Indonesia with the highest economic growth index. This situation gives an impact to intensive infrastructure development including road access, bridge, dam, airport, seaport and other public facilities in the province. However, due to geological complexity of the region, the infrastructures developments are threatened by natural hazard. This paper outlines the characteristic of natural disaster in South Sulawesi using geological consideration of the region for mitigation strategy. The natural hazard in South Sulawesi consists of earthquake, landslide, tsunami and flood. Earthquake occurs in association with some major faults such as Walanae Fault, Palu-Koro Fault and Matano Fault. All areas located near these fault zones are classified as earthquake-prone areas. Landslides are classified as slides, flow and rock fall and takes place in some high topography areas which composed of moderately to highly weathered volcanic product material. Geologically the landslides are closely related with morphology, stratigraphy and structure (seismic-related) condition. Some coastlines in South Sulawesi province are tsunami-prone area, especially the area facing to the seismically-active region such as southern tip of the peninsula where tsunami is generated by the Flores back-arc thrust fault. Flooding shows a strong relationship to geological condition in the area especially low-lying topographic areas in some coastlines and river mouth areas. Three main causes of the flood have been considered namely deforestation due to land conversion, high sedimentation rate and sporadic urbanization coupled with heavy rain fall and tides. The study shows that all natural disasters in South Sulawesi are mainly controlled by geological condition such as fault, morphology, stratigraphy, petrology and seismicity. Therefore, in order to mitigate these natural hazards, geological constraints should be taken into consideration in natural hazard mitigation scheme in the regional level.
Optimal motion planning of differential-drive mobile robots based on trapezoidal collocation method
Authors: Mao R , Gao H , Guo L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study focuses on optimal motion planning for nonholonomic constraints mobile robot. We formulate the dynamics model of a differential-drive mobile robot by using Lagrangian mechanics, where the nonholonomic constraints are accurately described through differential equations. The optimal motion planning of the system is constructed as an optimal control problem which is then converted to a nonlinear programming problem by introducing trapezoidal collocation method, and the formulated nonlinear programming is solved by interior-point method. Compared with the prevailing methods in the field of motion planning, our proposed method can handle different kinds of path constraints, terminal conditions and collision-avoidance requirements. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach can efficiently deal with various user-specified requirements with advantage of high computing efficiency.
The human dimension and its effect on multi-function streets in settlement on water of Buloa Kareppa and Marbor Tallo
Authors: Asmal I , Santosa H R , Amri N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Street infrastructure is very important in a settlement, functioning as a link between one place and another. Its presence has an impact on the smooth running of community activities. Karabba village and marbor a wild settlement that stands on water, built by the community in very simple conditions. The way that connects houses with homes and houses with land have conditions that are of concern from the physical aspect. But the absence of public space and limited land causes the community to make streets function not only as of the main circulation and access but also as a community space and a place for all utility networks. The goal to be achieved is to find out how the application of the human dimension and its effect on multi-function streets. The method used by the survey. In the survey, recordings of every activity occurring on the road, both domestic, social activities, and main activities as a means of transportation. In addition, review the material and dimensions of the street to determine its suitability with existing standards. The result is that streets in residential areas should be multi-functional pedestrians, all semi-public and public community activities take place on it, pathway should not be reserved for vehicles such as motorbikes. From the standard aspect, it is not as of all aspects.
Determination of optimal location and capacity of distributed generations based on artificial bee colony
Authors: Ratuhaji F , Arief A , Nappu M B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study aims at giving descriptive computation of determining the optimal location and capacity of Distributed Generation (DG) for the compensation of active and reactive power on the electric power system using Artificial Bee Colony and minimizing the power losses. It employed the IEEE 34-Bus Reliability Test System (RTS) as the case study focusing on the determination of the location and capacity of Distributed Generation using Artificial Bee Colony algorithm. The data analysis shows that the placement of DG on the IEEE 34-bus system employing ABC can reduce the real power losses and the real power losses at the optimal location and capacity is minimum.
Investigation of non–conventional methods for combined economic emission dispatch problem
Authors: Putra M S D , Nappu M B , Arief A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates various non-conventional methods for optimal solution for Combined Economic Emission Dispatch (CEED). CEED can schedule operation of the generators by considering fuel cost, emission level, satisfying load demand and operational constraints so that optimal results are obtained. In this article, the CEED problem is formulated as a multi–objective problem by considering the fuel cost and emission objectives of generating units.
Role of geomembrane to prevent water pollution and radiation exposure in landfill for NORM waste from the oil and gas industries
Authors: Dwipayana C A W , Moersidik S S , Pratama M A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) can be concentrated and increased by oil and gas extraction processes. NORM disposal must provide adequate protection to both human health and the environment, which one choice is landfill. The main parameters of concern in the safety of landfills are leachate which could cause water pollution and also radioactive contamination. Leachate can be reduced by using geomembrane in landfill design. In this paper, leaching simulation has been carried out using the required design of class I landfill to see the role of geomembrane to prevent water pollution and reduce radiation dose. Leaching simulations are carried out using the US EPA Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance software. Simulations of radiation assessment are performed using RESRAD. Landfill is assumed as residential area, with people with people living there and produces their food from that land. From simulation result, appearance of geomembrane can reduce leaching water at bottom layer of landfill from 8.58% of total infiltrated water to 0. For 1 Bq/gram Ra-226, people in landfill with geomembrane are exposed maximum 0.183 mSv/year with radon as dominant exposure. Compared without geomembrane, the maximum exposure is 3.846 mSv/year with drinking water consumption as dominant exposure.
The potential of electrical power generation based on organic waste utilization at Tamangapa landfill Makassar
Authors: Yusran  , Sultan  , Isnam J A , Akil Y S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Waste is one of environmental pollution contributor. Waste utilization for electrical generation is an alternative solution. Based on existing data, average amount of waste at Tamangapa landfill Makassar in 2010-2016 were 223,637 tons. The organic waste was approximately 50%, around to 111,818 tons. With rotary kiln incinerator technology, the calculation result showed that existing organic waste (2010-2016) could to generate 29.678 MW of electrical power or 259,978.345 MWh of electrical energy. The prediction by trend analysis method states that in 2026, the amount of organic waste can reach 176,230,390 tons. It can generate 46.773 MW of electrical power or 409,735.657 MWh of electrical energy. This value is equivalent with construction of two distributed generation (DG) units with 2x30 MW capacities.
Economic dispatch of Jeneponto thermal power plant for primary energy efficiency
Authors: Nappu M B , Arief A , Soalehe S W , Rianty M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Economic dispatch is a method to compute the amount of power that must be generated from each generator units to meet a specific load while minimizing its operating costs. This study performed economic dispatch for the Jeneponto Thermal Power Plant, in the Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia by using the Lagrange multiplier method. The results of this study showed that by performing economic dispatch, it is effective in minimizing the fuel cost compared to the existing dispatch. The overall savings that can be obtained for this case study is 4.5% for the specific case study.
Analysis of cobalt (Co) in the soil of Antang Landfill, Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia by use of ICP-OES
Authors: Artiningsih A , Zubair H , Imran A M , Widodo S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study analyzed the content of cobalt (Co) heavy metal in the soil conducted around the Final Disposal Sites landfill of Antang Makassar, Indonesia. There were 12 sampling points such as points A1, A2, and A3 (line A); points B1, B2, and B3 (line B); points C1, C2, and C3 (line C); and points D1, D2, and D3 (line D). Every sampling points have a depth of 30 cm vertically, and the soil samples were divided into three layer (upper layer, middle layer, and lower layer) with a depth of 0-10 cm (upper layer), 10-20 cm (middle layer), and 20-30 cm (lower layer). The study used 36 samples all of which were analyzed using ICP-OES to measure the concentrations of heavy metals. The concentration of heavy metals in the soil around landfill of Antang had spread vertically and laterally. The analysis found that cobalt (Co) heavy metal concentrations in Line A, Line B, Line C and Line D for every depth exceeded the normal limit. However, on line B the B1 sampling point at a depth of 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm had a relatively normal concentration, which was 10 ppm. That value was the standard permitted by the General of Drug and Food Control as the level of pollution in the soil. Soil pH varies from 4.82 to 6 and is considered acidic. Soil pH significantly affects the solubility and mobility of metals, because most metals dissolve in acidic soils. Thus, remediation or appropriate precautions were needed to prevent risks to humans and the environment.
Discrete Double-Sided Quaternionic Fourier Transform and Application
Authors: Bahri Mawardi , Azis Moh. Ivan , Firman  , Lande Chrisandi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the present article, we first introduce the definition of the discrete double-sided quaternionic Fourier transform (DQFT) and obtain its inverse. We give examples how to compute the DQFT. We derive a discrete version of the duality property of the DQFT. We finally present an application of the DQFT to study the two-dimensional discrete linear time-varying systems.
The effect of harvesting with threshold on the dynamics of prey predator model
Authors: Toaha S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article deals with the dynamics of Lotka-Volterra prey predator population. The populations are considered as economically valuable stocks and then exploited. There is no harvesting when the densities of population are still low and the populations are harvested when the threshold value is achieved. The rate of harvesting is assumed to be an increased function and bounded. Phase portrait and linearization approach are used to analyze the behavior of the populations. There exists one equilibrium point for system without harvesting and it is a centre. The trajectories of the population oscillate around the stable equilibrium point. It is possible to find one, two, three, or none equilibrium points for model with harvesting. From the analysis we found that when the populations are not harvested then the equilibrium point becomes a centre. But when the populations are harvested with a smaller value, the equilibrium point becomes unstable spiral. When the value of harvesting rate is increased, the equilibrium point becomes either stable spiral or stable node. When the equilibrium points are unstable, the populations will meet a condition where their sizes are smaller than the threshold value and then the populations must stop being harvested.
Stability analysis of SEISEIR-SEI modelling on the dynamics of spread dengue fever with vaccination and insecticide
Authors: Hartati H , Toaha S , Kasbawati  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article focuses on analysing an SEISEIR-SEI model. This model is a development of SEIR-SEI which studies the spread of dengue fever in human and mosquito. This model considers the exposed compartment for vaccinated, non-vaccinated human and also for mosquito. Fogging strategy is also carried out as an effort to inhibit mosquito breeding. Existence and stability of non-endemic and endemic equilibrium points are investigated and analysed using linearization and eigenvalue methods. From the analyses we found a threshold value for stability of non-endemic equilibrium point. Increasing the rate of mosquito bites can reduce the threshold value and even change non-endemic condition becomes endemic. Vaccination strategy does not change the non-endemic condition, it only speeds up the convergence to the non-endemic condition. Fogging strategy only affects position of the endemic and non-endemic equilibrium points. Reducing the rate of mosquito bites can prevent endemic condition. Several numerical simulations were carried out to confirm the analytical results obtained. From simulations we know that reducing the value of threshold may switch stability of non-endemic equilibrium point from unstable to asymptotically stable.
Anti coagulant activities of Brown Seaweed Sargassum cristaefolium Extract
Authors: Manggau M , Hamzah M , Mamada S , Nurdin WB , Zaenuddin EN 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Brown algae, Sargassum cristaefolium is grown abundant in Indonesia especially in South Sulawesi Province. In vitro anticoagulant effect of the extract has been shown. Therefore a study of Sargassum cristaefolium, used to inhibit blood coagulation in vivo was done. In this study, effect of flavonoid compounds from Sargassum cristaefoilum to elongate bleeding and blood clotting time and also (Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Thromboplastin Time (APTT) tests were carried out. Moreover, histology of mice stomach was also studied. From this study we found, that effect on bleeding time after 14 days treatment of Sargassum extract in vivo prolonged the clotting and bleeding time significantly (p < 0.05). Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) tests on plasma confirm these research. From this study we conclude, that the flavonoid compound in Sargassum cristaefolium exhibited an anticoagulant activity.
Characterization of antioxidative fraction of plant stem Bouea macrophylla Griff
Authors: Rudiana Tarso , Suryani Nani , Indriatmoko Dimas Danang , Yusransyah  , Amelia Ane , Noviany  , Hadi Sutopo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ethyl acetate extract of gandaria (Bouea macrophylla Griff) has very strong antioxidant activity. The aims of this study are to separate and characterize the active fraction of antioxidants and determine the antioxidant activity quantitatively. Ethyl acetate extract of B. macrophylla was separated by gravity column chromatography. Fraction separating was guided with qualitative testing of antioxidant activity. Active fraction result of separation was characterized by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy and quantitatively analyzed antioxidant activity using the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Naringenin and luteolin were identified in the D-2 fraction which had very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 2.13 ppm. The hydroxyl group OH group of naringenin and luteolin compounds was thought to play a role in the reduction of free radicals.
Numerical solution to diffusion convection-reaction equation with trigonometrically variable coefficients of incompressible flow
Authors: Hamzah S , Haddade A , Galsan A , Azis M I , Abdal A M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper is concerned with finding numerical solutions to boundary value problems (BVPs) governed by a diffusion convection-reaction (DCR) equation of in-spatial-trigonometrically varying coefficients with an anisotropic diffusion coefficient. The variable coefficients equation is firstly transformed into a constant coefficients equation. A boundary integral equation is the derived from the constant coefficients equation. Consequently, a boundary element method (BEM) is developed and utilized to find numerical solutions to the boundary value problems. For the computation of the solutions for some examples of problems, a FORTRAN script is constructed. The numerical solutions obtained verify the validity of the analysis used to derive the BEM. The results also show that the BEM procedure elapses very efficient time in producing very accurate and consistent solutions. Moreover, the results indicate the effect of anisotropy and inhomogeneity of the media on the solutions.
Development of LED-DOAS system for observing aerosol optical properties in the lower troposphere
Authors: Aminuddin J , Okude S , Alimuddin I , Tursilowati L , Manago N , Kuze H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aerosols play an important role in the Earth’s radiation budget through the reflection of incoming solar radiation and formation of cloud droplets working as cloud condensation nuclei. The understanding on aerosol optical properties in troposphere, especially their behavior near the ground level, is still insufficient for precise evaluation of their impact. Although a sunphotometer can provide the aerosol optical thickness, its application is limited to daytime under near cloud free conditions. A visibility meter, on the other hand, can give the value of visibility, but the operation wavelength is limited to a single wavelength, e.g. 875 nm. To attain the multi-wavelength observation of aerosol extinction coefficient near the surface level, here we propose the use of a four-color light emitting diode (LED) source emitting at 455, 530, 590, and 625 nm as a light source for the long-path measurement of aerosol extinction. A near-horizontal light path with a round-trip distance of around 630 m has been established inside the campus of Chiba University. A collimated light beam is produced with a 130 mm diameter telescope, and the reflected beam from a retro-reflector is detected using a 200 mm diameter telescope connected to a photodiode. A sinusoidal wave modulation is applied to the LED source, and the resulting modulated signal amplitude is detected and recorded using a digital oscilloscope (Iwatsu, DS-5614A). The results of the recent observation are discussed in conjunction with the concurrent records of a visibility meter (Vaisala, PWD52) and a nephelometer (TSI3563) that can measure the aerosol scattering coefficient.
The role of radiocarbon analysis in determining the chronology of Erong culture in Tana Toraja
Authors: Duli A , Nur M , Hasanuddin  , Rosmawati  , Chia S , Ramli Z 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Research on the beginning of the growth of Toraja culture needs to track when this unique culture began to develop. The Toraja cultural remains are generally made of stone such as menhirs and stone, and wood graves such as erong grave containers and various daily living equipment. Erong cemetery made of wood is noted as a cultural heritage that is quite old, and generally stored safely in caves, so it is very representative to know its age through the radiocarbon method (C14). A research through selectively taking samples of 22 erong burial sites in Tana Toraja and North Toraja Regency can be a media of tracking the range of the development period of the culture, which is noted around 780 - 1960 AD. Thus the date of the erong burial culture in Tana Toraja can provide a perspective on the initial period and development of the culture.
Supershear rupture of the 28 September 2018 Palu earthquake inferred from Empirical Green’s Function analysis
Authors: Priyobudi  , Ramdhan M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We deconvolved 22 teleseismic waveforms of Mw6.1 earthquake with Mw7.5 Palu earthquake to obtain Apparent Source Time Functions (ASTFs). Analysis of those ASTFs resulted rupture directivity, rupture length and rupture velocity of the earthquake. The main earthquake ruptured to N 2270E direction along 80 km away from the epicenter at an average speed of 4.5 km/s. The rupture velocity which is greater than local shear-wave velocity of 3.5 km/s indicated supershear characteristic of the earthquake. An ASTF of SNZO station was used to infer 1-D slip distribution of this earthquake. Based on this ASTF we calculated earthquake moment of 1.45 x 1020 Nm that released in 30 seconds. The largest seismic moment released between 0-15 seconds and decreased before it stopped at 30 seconds. A Maximum slip of 8 meters occurred at a distance of 20 km to the south of the epicentre and decreased to around 4 meter near Palu City.