bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel MBTD1‐PHF1 gene fusion in endometrial stromal sarcoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Han Lisa , Liu Yajuan J. , Ricciotti Robert W. , Mantilla Jose G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe classification of endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) has been refined and aided by the discovery of various recurrent gene translocations. Low‐grade ESS (LG‐ESS) is most commonly characterized by JAZF1‐SUZ12 fusions followed by rearrangements involving PHD finger protein‐1 (PHF1) and multiple fusion partners, including JAZF1, EPC1, EPC2, and MEAF6. In the present study, integrating anchored polymerase chain reaction and paired‐end next‐generation ribonucleic acid sequencing, we identified the presence of a novel malignant brain tumor domain‐containing 1 (MBTD1)‐PHF1 gene fusion in a case of LG‐ESS. MBTD1 belongs to the Polycomb gene group, and its fusion with PHF1 is predicted to mediate tumorigenesis through aberrant transcriptional repression. Histology and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated conventional morphology for LG‐ESS and clinical follow‐up showed no progression of disease after 6 months. These findings help expand the current knowledge on the spectrum of gene rearrangements in the diagnosis of ESS.
Digitales Planen, Bauen und Betreiben von Untertagebauten – DAUB‐Empfehlung zu BIM im Untertagebau
Authors: Ehrbar Heinz , Franz Stefan , Weiner Thorsten , Fentzloff Wolfgang , Frodl Stephan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe digitalisation of many areas of the economy is progressing, also in construction, where the intention is to provide information about built facilities for decision‐makers concerning the design, building and operation of construction works in a consistently high quality, easily read and data‐based. Until now, digitalisation in construction has been retarded by the high complexity of construction, which should however now rapidly change. The DAUB recommendation ”Digital Design, Building and Operation of Underground Structures“ is intended to make a contribution in this regard.Recommendations from the German Tunnelling Committee DAUB normally represent ”best practice“ solutions from German tunnelling. For Building Information Modelling (BIM) in tunnelling, there is not however yet sufficient experience. There have indeed been many solutions on projects but there is a lack of the appropriate standards for systematically applicable industry‐wide solutions. The DAUB recommendations show how appropriate standards can be created. The following article discusses selected themes from the DAUB recommendations.
Machine Learning in tunnelling – Capabilities and challenges
Authors: Marcher Thomas , Erharter Georg H. , Winkler Manuel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDigitalization will change the way of gathering geological data, methods of rock classification, application of design analyses in the field of tunnelling as well as tunnel construction and maintenance processes. In recent years, a rapid increase in the successful application of digital techniques (Building Information Modelling and Machine Learning (ML)) for a variety of challenging tasks has been observed. Driven by the increasing overall amount of data combined with the easy availability of more computing power, a sharp increase in the successful deployment of techniques of ML has been seen for different tasks. ML has been introduced in many sciences and technologies and it has finally arrived in the fields of geotechnical engineering, tunnelling and engineering geology, although still not as far developed as in other disciplines. This paper focuses on the potential of ML methods for geotechnical purposes in general and tunnelling in particular. Applications such as automatic rock mass behaviour classification using data from tunnel boring machines (TBM), updating of the geological prognosis ahead of the tunnel face, data driven interpretation of 3D displacement data or fully automatic tunnel inspection will be discussed.
Measuring the invisible: Development and multi‐industry validation of the Gender Bias Scale for Women Leaders
Authors: Diehl Amy B. , Stephenson Amber L. , Dzubinski Leanne M. , Wang David C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGender bias is a pervasive problem with significant negative outcomes for women leaders and organizations. Bias manifests in a multiplicity of forms, ranging from subtle to overt. To date, no instrument exists to measure women leaders' perceptions of gender bias. This study presents a comprehensive measure of how women leaders perceive and experience gender bias. Drawing from a national sample of female higher education executives (n = 488), faith‐based organization leaders (n = 298), physicians (n = 293), and attorneys (n = 527), the present research developed and validated the Gender Bias Scale for Women Leaders. Building upon a previously established and expansive cross‐level conceptual framework to develop the initial item pool, results from both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis supported a factor structure consisting of six higher‐order and 15 lower‐order factors. Our results show that several factors of the Gender Bias Scale correlated with workplace outcomes of turnover intention and satisfaction. Human resource development (HRD) professionals may use the Gender Bias Scale to identify the specific types of bias prevalent for women leaders in their organizations and apply interventions accordingly. Implications for women leaders and HRD professionals and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Experimental investigation of ice‐chamber for melting of ice based on Scheffler solar concentrator for high altitude regions
Authors: Agrawal Himanshu , Yadav Avadhesh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis experimental analysis was performed with the aim to melt the ice into hot water at very high altitude regions such as Leh Ladakh. Three different designs of ice‐chamber were used to melt the ice with direct heating in minimum time. The radiations were focused on the receiver with the help of 1 m2 Scheffler solar concentrator exposed to the atmospheric situations of NIT Kurukshetra. The Scheffler solar concentrator was fabricated with fiber‐reinforced plastic material. The fabrication process is discussed in detail. The results obtained from the design showed that the ice frozen at −5°C completely melted, converting into water. The maximum temperature of water attained in the ice‐chamber with receiver 1 (circular plate with fins), 2 (CPC with fins), and 3 (copper crucible) was 57.7°C, 64.3°C, and 67.4°C, respectively.
Impact of support material type on performance of dynamic membrane bioreactors treating municipal wastewater
Authors: Isik Onur , Hudayarizka Riza , Abdelrahman Amr M , Ozgun Hale , Ersahin Mustafa E , Demir Ibrahim , Koyuncu Ismail 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMembrane bioreactor (MBR) applications have been limited by high cost of membrane modules and fouling problems. Dynamic membrane (DM) technology can be a solution for these problems. Low‐cost filters can be used as support materials for dynamic (cake) layer formation. The characteristics of support material play an important role on dynamic layer formation behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of support material type on dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) performance for municipal wastewater treatment. Hollow fiber support materials, made of polyester fabrics and glass fiber materials, were used for DM formation.RESULTSSimilar treatment performances were obtained with each membrane achieving high removal efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand (>97%) and total suspended solids (>99%) parameters. Higher transmembrane pressure (TMP) was observed for glass fiber material in comparison to polyester material. Based on morphological analyses, dynamic layers formed on both support materials had similar composition, organic and inorganic materials. A homogeneous layer was formed on polyester support material, while fine particles were deposited between the filaments of glass fiber support material, which caused clogging.CONCLUSIONBased on TMP results and morphological analyses, polyester support material provided better formation of DM layer. Thus selection of proper support material type is very important to achieve stable DM layer in DMBRs. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Entrapment of glutaraldehyde‐crosslinked cells from Aspergillus oryzaeIPT‐301 in calcium alginate for high transfructosylation activity
Authors: Gonçalves Maria Carolina P , Morales Sergio A V , Silva Elda S , Maiorano Alfredo E , Perna Rafael F , Kieckbusch Theo G 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDFructooligosaccharides (FOS) are sweeteners produced through the use of enzymes called fructosyltransferases (FTases) (EC 2.4.1.9). However, FTase reuse is meagre and the cost of the enzyme production is high, making FOS production economically unfeasible. In order to address these issues, this study aims to immobilize cells from Aspergillus oryzae IPT‐301, containing FTase enzyme previously glutaraldehyde‐crosslinked, by means of entrapment in calcium alginate beads. The conditions to obtain the particles, such as alginate type, mycelium mechanical dispersion, degree of crosslinking, size of the beads, and their reflections on transfructosylation activity (AT) were evaluated previously.RESULTSThe highest AT used low‐viscosity alginate solution (4.0% w/w) crosslinked with calcium chloride (0.2 mol L−1) and beads of mean diameter 2.15 mm. The entrapment conditions were complemented by conducting the reaction under different temperatures, pH values, substrate concentrations and by reusing the beads. The highest transfructosylation activities were obtained under reaction conditions of 50 °C, pH 5.5 and substrate concentration 400 g L−1.CONCLUSIONThe AT levels found with the glutaraldehyde‐crosslinked and entrapped cells in calcium alginate were ≈70% higher than the ones obtained with free cells, not glutaraldehyde‐crosslinked. Moreover, the immobilized cells (crosslinked+entrapped) retained their AT up to the third cycle of total sucrose depletion in the reaction medium, attesting to the potential use of the beads in continuous FOS production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Aqueous‐Mediated green synthesis of novel spiro[indole‐quinazoline] derivatives using kit‐6 mesoporous silica coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles as catalyst
Authors: Abdolmohammadi Shahrzad , Shariati Shahab , Fard Narges Elmi , Samani Amir 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, a series of eight new spiro[3,4′]1,3‐dihydro‐2H‐indol‐2‐one‐2′‐amino‐4′,6′,7′,8′‐tetrahydro‐2′,5’(1’H,3’H)‐quinazoline‐diones were successfully synthesized through a three‐component reaction of 1H‐indole‐2,3‐diones (isatins), guanidine nitrate, and 1,3‐cyclohexanediones, by use of Kit‐6 mesoporous silica coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2@KIT‐6) as a highly efficient magnetically separable nanocatalyst in aqueous media at 60°C. Several notable features of thiseco‐friendly protocol are high yields of products, short reaction times, operational simplicity, and the use of easily available and recyclable catalyst.
Metal‐based micro and nanosized pollutant in marine organisms: What can we learn from a combined atomic force microscopy‐scanning electron microscopy study
Authors: Dinarelli Simone , Longo Giovanni , Cannata Stefano , Bernardini Sergio , Gomiero Alessio , Fabi Gianna , Marco Girasole  
Published: April 2020

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is a consolidated technique for the study of biological systems, usually ex vivo or in culture, under different experimental conditions. Yet, the diffusion of the technique in the scientific context of histology is still rather slow and limited. In the present work, we demonstrate the potential of AFM, in terms of morphological and nanomechanical imaging, to study the effects of nano‐ and micro‐sized metallic pollutants in living biological systems. As a model, we investigated marine molluscs (Mytilus galloprovincialis) grown in the Adriatic Sea. We characterized histological sections from two organs (gonads and digestive glands) of molluscs collected during several surveys at different growth time and distance from gas extraction platforms. We evaluated the effects of nano‐pollutants mostly on the local tissue structure by combining AFM microscopy with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the AFM images allowed evidencing the presence of nano‐ or micro‐sized structures that exhibit different nanomechanical properties compared to the rest of the tissue. The results demonstrate how coupling AFM and SEM analysis can provide an effective procedure to evaluate the morphological alterations produced by the exposure to exogenous nano‐pollutants in tissue and constitute a promising way to reveal basic mechanisms mediating the cytotoxicity of specific exogenous pollutants ingested by edible organisms.
A climatology of surface–air temperature difference over the Tibetan Plateau: Results from multi‐source reanalyses
Authors: Wang Xuejia , Chen Deliang , Pang Guojin , Ou Tinghai , Yang Meixue , Wang Meng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Tibetan Plateau (TP), known as earth's “Third Pole,” influences regional and even global weather and climate systems through its mechanical and thermal‐dynamical forcing. Near‐surface (2 m) air temperature (Ta) and surface (skin) temperature (Ts) are two crucial parameters of land–atmosphere interactions and climate change. Their difference (ΔT = Ts − Ta) determines the heating source over the TP that drives the Asian summer monsoon. This study focuses on climatology, inter‐annual variability, and long‐term trend of ΔT over the TP in the last four decades (1979–2018), based on four latest reanalysis datasets including ERA‐Interim, ERA5, MERRA2, and JRA55, along with observational data. We show that ΔT‐based different datasets display fairly different climatology in terms of seasonality, spatial distribution, and long‐term trend. ΔT exhibits a clear seasonality with negative value in winter and positive ones in summer despite different strengths and timings presented by the reanalyses. Along with global warming, all reanalyses except JRA55 exhibit obvious downwards trends of ΔT in a spatially non‐uniform way. The median ΔT among the four reanalyses features uniform decreases in all seasons, with the most distinct area on the northern TP, as well as the largest and least decreases in autumn and spring, respectively. Further analysis shows that the differences in ΔT are most likely associated with discrepancies in radiation forcing, snow cover, wind speed, and boundary layer height within the reanalyses. The present findings highlight the difficulty for the state‐of‐the‐art reanalyses to represent the climate change over the TP and point to possible factors behind the deficiencies identified.
Three‐dimensional finite element simulation of fracture propagation in rock specimens with pre‐existing fissure(s) under compression and their strength analysis
Authors: Pakzad Ramin , Wang Shanyong , Sloan Scott W. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryA FORTRAN program, consistent with the commercially available finite element (FE) code ABAQUS, is developed based on a three‐dimensional (3D) linear elastic brittle damage constitutive model with two damage criteria. To consider the heterogeneity of rock, the developed FORTRAN program is used to set the stiffness and strength properties of each element of the FE model following a Weibull distribution function. The reliability of the program is assessed against available experimental results for granite cylindrical specimens with a throughgoing, flat and inclined fissure. The calibration procedure of the material parameters is explained in detail, and it is shown that the compressive to tensile strength ratio can have a substantial influence on the failure response of the specimens. Numerical simulations are conducted for models with different levels of heterogeneity. The results show a smaller load bearing capacity for models with less homogeneity, representing gradual coalescence of fully damaged elements forming throughout the models during loading. The maximum load bearing capacity is studied for various combinations of inclination angles of two centrally aligned, throughgoing and flat fissures of equal length embedded in cylindrical models under uniaxial and multiaxial loading conditions. The key role of the compressive to tensile strength ratio is highlighted by repeating certain simulations with a lower compressive to tensile strength ratio. It is proven that the peak loads of the rock models with sufficiently small compressive to tensile strength ratios containing two throughgoing fissures of equal length are similar, provided that the minimum inclination angles of the models are the same. The results are presented and discussed with respect to the existing experimental findings in the literature, suggesting that the numerical model applied in this study can provide useful insight into the failure behaviour of rock‐like materials.
Unexpected hemorrhage during wisdom tooth extraction: Report of two cases and review of management techniques
Authors: Anzai Hiromasa , Mitate Eiji , Tanaka Fumie , Oobayashi Yuko , Yoshizumi Junko , Hiraki Akimitsu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntraoperative bleeding represents serious problems during tooth extractions. We describe two cases of intraoperative massive bleeding at upper wisdom tooth extraction. Case 1: 27‐year‐old male (right side). Local anesthesia, compression hemostasis, tie‐over, and a hemostatic plate were applied. Case 2: 27‐year‐old female (right side). She was taken to the nearest emergency. Radiopaque gauze was inserted. Seven cases of intraoperative bleeding of upper wisdom teeth are previously reported. Medical history and X‐ray images must be carefully reviewed. If unexpected bleeding starts in healthy patients, damage to vascular malformation and/or to the posterior superior alveolar artery should be considered. Facilitate the preparation of local hemostatic items before the operation is recommended.
Comparative effects of technical‐grade and formulated chlorantraniliprole to the survivorship and locomotor activity of the honey bee, Apis mellifera (L.)
Authors: Williams Jennifer R , Swale Daniel R , Anderson Troy D 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe loss of honey bee colonies is a nationally recognized problem that demands attention from both the scientific community and the beekeeping industry. One outstanding threat is the unintended exposure of these pollinators to agricultural pesticides. Anthranilic diamides, such as chlorantraniliprole, are registered for use in stone and pome fruits, vegetables, turf, and grains. There are few publicly available studies that provide an analysis of chlorantraniliprole effects on the survivorship and locomotion activity of beneficial, pollinating insects such as honey bees. The data gathered in this study provide the acute toxicity, 30‐day survivorship, and locomotor activity of honey bees exposed to technical‐grade chlorantraniliprole and three formulated products with chlorantraniliprole as the active ingredient.RESULTSNeither the technical‐grade nor the formulated products of chlorantraniliprole were acutely toxic to honey bees following 4 or 72h treatments at the tested concentrations. A 4 h treatment of technical‐grade and formulated chlorantraniliprole did not significantly affect the 30‐day survivorship, although significantly higher mortality was observed after 30 days for bees receiving a 72 h treatment of technical‐grade chlorantraniliprole and two formulated products. The locomotion activity, or total walking distance, of bees receiving a 4 h treatment of one chlorantraniliprole formulation was significantly reduced, with these individuals recovering their normal locomotion activity at 48 h post exposure. Conversely, there was observed lethargic behavior and significantly reduced walking distances for bees provided with a 72 h treatment of technical‐grade chlorantraniliprole and each formulated product.CONCLUSIONThis study provides evidence for the effect of long‐term exposure of chlorantraniliprole on the survivorship and locomotor activity of honey bees. Bees receiving a more field‐relevant short‐term exposure survived and moved similarly to untreated bees, reiterating the relative safety of chlorantraniliprole exposure to adult honey bees at recommended label concentrations. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Time‐dependent effects on bumble bees of dietary exposures to farmland insecticides (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and fipronil)
Authors: Mulvey Jessica , Cresswell James E 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDFarmland bees encounter insecticides in their diet when visiting the flowers of pesticide‐treated crops with residues in nectar and pollen. A sustained exposure to even trace residues could be severely harmful if the ingested substance has a long biological half‐life and its toxicity therefore intensifies over time, which is termed time‐reinforced toxicity (TRT). Bumble bees are important farmland pollinators, but their susceptibility to TRT from insecticides has not been established previously. This study therefore investigated the potential for three farmland insecticides (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and fipronil) to generate TRT in bumble bees (Bombus terrestris L.) by dietary exposure in the laboratory using lethality as an endpoint under both fixed‐dose and pulsed‐dose regimes.RESULTSThe insecticides varied in toxic effect. Fipronil exposures produced a dose‐dependent reduction in longevity (days of exposure survived) and strong TRT with no evidence of clearance‐based recovery. Thiamethoxam exposures also produced a dose‐dependent reduction in longevity, but with moderate TRT and evidence of some clearance‐based recovery. Imidacloprid exposures produced a hormesis with reduced longevity only at the highest doses and an absence of TRT.CONCLUSIONOur study further confirms the potential for certain dietary insecticides at trace levels to harm farmland bees during sustained exposures because of their capacity to cause time‐reinforced toxicity. Our findings suggest that regulatory oversight of pesticides will better safeguard bee health by testing the active ingredients of farmland agrochemicals for their capacity to produce TRT in these ecologically important nontarget organisms.Our study demonstrates the potential for certain dietary insecticides at trace levels to harm farmland bumble bees during sustained exposures because of their capacity to cause time‐reinforced toxicity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry