bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating Depression Care Within NCD Provision in Bangladesh and Pakistan: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wright Jerome , Mazumdar Papiya , Barua Deepa , Lina Silwa , Bibi Humaira , Kanwal Ateeqa , Mujeeb Faiza , Naz Qirat , Safi Rahim , Haq Baha Ul , Rana Rusham Zahra , Nahar Papreen , Jennings Hannah , Sikander Siham , Huque Rumana , Nizami Asad , Jackson Cath 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Co-morbidity of depression with other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worsens clinical outcomes for both conditions. Low- and middle-income countries need to strengthen mechanisms for detection and management of co-morbid depression within NCDs. The BEACON study explored the acceptability and feasibility of integrating a brief depression intervention (behavioural activation, BA) into NCD services in healthcare facilities in Bangladesh and Pakistan.Methods: Face-to-face qualitative interviews were conducted with 43 patients and 18 health workers attending or working in NCD centres in four healthcare facilities in Bangladesh and Pakistan, and with three policy makers in each country. The interviews addressed four research questions (1) how NCD care is delivered, (2) how NCD patients experience distress, (3) how depression care is integrated within NCD provision, and (4) the challenges and opportunities for integrating a brief depression intervention into usual NCD care. The data were analysed using framework analysis, organised by capability, opportunity and motivation factors, cross-synthesised across countries and participant groups.Results: Patients and health workers described NCD centres as crowded and time pressured, with waiting times as long as five hours, and consultation times as short as five minutes; resulting in some patient frustration. They did not perceive direct links between their distress and their NCD conditions, instead describing worries about family and finance including affordability of NCD services. Health worker and policy maker accounts suggested these NCD centres lacked preparedness for treating depression in the absence of specific guidelines, standard screening tools, recording systems or training. Barriers and drivers to integrating a brief depression intervention reflected capability, opportunity and motivation factors for all participant groups. While generally valuing the purpose, significant challenges included the busy hospital environment, skill deficits and different conceptions of depression.Conclusions: Given current resource constraints and priorities, integrating a brief psychological intervention at these NCD centres appears premature. An opportune first step calls for responding to patients’ expressed concerns on service gaps in provisioning steady and affordable NCD care. Acknowledging differences of conceptions of depression and strengthening psychologically informed NCD care will in turn be required before the introduction of a specific psychological intervention such as BA.
A Comparative Study of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Program and None-ERAS Traditional Care in Elderly Patients Undergoing Lumbar Arthrodesis
Authors: Li Zhong-En , Lu Shi-Bao , Kong Chao , Sun Wen-Zhi , Wang Peng , Zhang Si-Tao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to analyze the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of an ERAS program in patients over 70 years undergoing lumbar arthrodesis by comparison with none-ERAS traditional care.Methods: During January 2018 to December 2018, patients enrolled received none-ERAS traditional care, while the ERAS program was implemented from January to December 2019. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, surgical data and postoperative recovery parameters were collected from all patients. Postoperative pain scores were evaluated by visual analog scales (VAS). The clinical outcomes were LOS, postoperative complications and postoperative pain scores. Compliance results were also collected.Result: A total of 127 patients were enrolled, including 67 patients in the none-ERAS traditional care group and 60 patients in the ERAS group. The demographic characteristics and comorbidities of the two groups showed no significant differences. The LOS of patients treated with ERAS program (13.6±4.0 days) was significantly less than that of patients treated with none-ERAS traditional care (15.6±3.9 days). Complication rate was 8.3% in the ERAS group versus 20.9% in the none-ERAS traditional care group (p = 0.048). VAS (back) in the ERAS group was significantly lower on postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD2. Postoperative recovery parameters were improved in the ERAS group. The overall compliance with the ERAS program was 94%.Conclusions: Based on our results, ERAS program is safer and more effective for elderly patients over 70 undergoing lumbar arthrodesis than none-ERAS traditional care.Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR1800020513. Registered 2 January 2018, http:// www.chictr.org.cn/ChiCTR1800020513
Ultrasonographic Features of Arthritis in Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Wang Shasha , Wu Bin , Shao Qin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aim to observe the feature of joint involvement in the patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) by musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) and analyze its relationship with clinical manifestations and disease activity.Methods: US examinations were performed in a total of 1200 joints of 40 patients with pSS. A semi-quantitative grading method (0 to 3) for scoring synovial hyperplasia, PD synovitis, bone erosion, tenosynovitis was used. The clinical and laboratory data were collected, disease activity was assessed. The correlation between US lesions and disease activity assessment and clinical manifestations were analyzed.Results: The musculoskeletal ultrasound lesions in patients with pSS mainly involved the small joints of the hands and wrists, and the lesions were mild. The semi-quantitative score of musculoskeletal US was positively correlated with ESSPRI. The occurrence of musculoskeletal US lesions was associated with immunological abnormalities and inflammatory markers, and patients with high IgG, RF, and inflammatory markers were prone to abnormal US findings.Conclusion: The incidence of arthritis in patients with pSS is high, and the musculoskeletal US has its characteristics. The musculoskeletal ultrasound semi-quantitative method can effectively evaluate arthritis in patients with pSS, and the US score of arthritis has a certain correlation with the overall disease activity. US can provide reference for the diagnosis of arthritis and disease activity assessment in patients with pSS.
Modeling the Impact of School Reopening on SARS-CoV-2 Transmission
Authors: Lee Benjamin , Hanley John P , Nowak Sarah , Bates Jason HT , Hébert-Dufresne Laurent 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Mathematical modeling studies have suggested that pre-emptive school closures alone have little overall impact on SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but reopening schools in the background of community contact reduction presents a unique scenario that has not been fully assessed.
Methods
Therefore, we adapted a previously published SIR (susceptible-infectious-recovered) model using contact information from Shanghai to model school reopening under various conditions.
Results
We find that reopening schools for all children would maintain effective R0 < 1 up to a baseline R0 of 3.3 provided that daily contacts among children 10–19 years are reduced to 33% of baseline. This finding was robust to various estimates of susceptibility to infection in children relative to adults (up to 50%) and to estimates of various levels of concomitant reopening in the rest of the community, with minimal change in transmission when contact frequency in the rest of the community was returned up to 40% of baseline.
Conclusions
These results suggest that schools can reopen safely with proper precautions during conditions of extreme contact reduction and during conditions of reasonable levels of reopening in the rest of the community.
Identification of a cytosine methyltransferase that improves transformation efficiency in Methylomonas sp. DH-1
Authors: Ren Jun , Lee Hyang-Mi , Thi Thai Duc , Na Dokyun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Industrial biofuels and other value-added products can be produced from metabolically engineered microorganisms. Methylomonas sp. DH-1 is a candidate platform for bioconversion that uses methane as a carbon source. Although several genetic engineering techniques have been developed to work with Methylomonas sp. DH-1, the genetic manipulation of plasmids remains difficult because of the restriction-modification (RM) system present in the bacteria. Therefore, the RM system in Methylomonas sp. DH-1 must be identified to improve the genetic engineering prospects of this microorganism.Results: We identified a DNA methylation site, TGGCCA, and its corresponding cytosine methyltransferase for the first time in Methylomonas sp. DH-1 through whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. The methyltransferase was confirmed to methylate the fourth nucleotide of TGGC*CA. In general, methylated plasmids exhibited better transformation efficiency under the protection of the RM system than non-methylated plasmids did. As expected, when we transformed Methylomonas sp. DH-1 with plasmid DNA harboring the psy gene, the metabolic flux towards carotenoid increased. The methyltransferase-treated plasmid exhibited an increase in transformation efficiency of 3.9 × 103 CFU/μg (110 %). The introduced gene increased the production of carotenoid by 7.2 %.Conclusions: Plasmid DNA methylated by the discovered cytosine methyltransferase from Methylomonas sp. DH-1 had a higher transformation efficiency than non-treated plasmid DNA. The RM system identified in this study may facilitate the plasmid-based genetic manipulation of methanotrophs.
Association between circulating microRNAs 486, 146b and 15b and serum betatrophin levels in obese; type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic children
Authors: Mohany Khalid Mohammad , Alrugaie Osamah , Alwutayd Osama , Al-Nafeesah Abdullah , Saleem Tahia H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This study tested the association between serum levels of microRNA-486, -146b and -15b and betatrophin in normal and obese children with/without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: the study included 120 children; divided into three groups: G1 (50 healthy), G2 (35 obese) and G3 (35 obese with T2DM). The levels of microRNA-486, 146b and 15b and serum betatrophin were measured by their corresponding methods. Results: serum microRNA-486, -146b, -15b and betatrophin levels were significantly high in G3 followed by G2 then G1 (p=0.002, >0.001, >0.001, and >0.001, respectively). Especially in G3, these levels correlated positively with the BMI percentile (r=0.44, 0.58, 0.38, and 0.46, p=0.007, >0.001, 0.021, and 0.005, respectively), serum glucose (r=0.56, 0.49, 0.82, 0.60, and 0.42, p>0.001, 0.003, >0.001, and >0.001, respectively) and HbA1c% (r=0.56, 0.39, 0.66, and 0.42, p>0.001, 0.019, >0.001, and 0.032, respectively) while, showed negative correlations with correlated with serum insulin levels (r=-0.37, -0.42, -0.58, and -0.41, p=0.021, 0.012, >0.001 and 0.013, respectively) and with serum C-peptide levels (r=-0.76, -0.50, -0.35 and -0.42, p>0.001, 0.002, 0.036 and 0.011, respectively). Serum betatrophin levels correlated positively with microRNA-486, -146b and -15b levels in G2 (r=0.35, 0.80, and 0.67, p= 0.036, >0.001, and,>0.001, respectively), and in G3 (r=0.57, 0.36, and 0.38, p >0.001, 0.029 and, 0.023, respectively). Conclusions: Circulating microRNA-486, 146b and 15b increase significantly in obese children with T2DM and these levels correlate positively with serum betatrophin levels. Targeting these microRNAs or betatrophin may help the timely management of obesity and/or T2DM in children.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis-derived Phase Angle as a Determinant of Protein-energy Wasting, Frailty, and Worse Outcome in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Saitoh Masakazu , Ogawa Masumi , Kondo Hisae , Suga Kiichi , Takahashi Tetsuya , Itoh Haruki , Tabata Yoichiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the relationship between phase angle (PA) measured by bioimpedance electrical analysis and protein-energy wasting (PEW) or frailty, and its impact on 2-year mortality in patients with hemodialysis (HD).
Methods
This retrospective observational study included 116 adult HD patients (35% female, 64 ± 12 years of age) in a single dialysis center. Patients were classified according to the PA quartiles into four groups (quartile 1, lowest; quartile 4, highest). International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM) criteria and Japanese version of Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS) criteria were used to identify PEW and frailty.
Results
The lower PA group was associated with a greater risk of PEW (35% vs. 24% vs. 21% vs. 3%; p = 0.032), frailty (59% vs. 40% vs. 21% vs. 3%; p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the first quartile group (PA < 3.7°) was at a significantly greater risk of both PEW and frailty compared with the fourth quartile group (PA ≥ 5.0°) after adjusting for other confounding factors. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a worse survival rate in the first quartile group than in the third quartile group (PA4.2-5.0°) and fourth quartile group (Log-rank test p = 0.05, respectively). The Cox regression analysis found that the first quartile group had a significantly greater risk of all-cause mortality than the patients in the fourth quartile group (HR 5.461 95%CI 1.180–25.280).
Conclusions
Lower PA was associated with a greater risk of PEW and frailty and found to have prognostic significance for 2-year all-cause mortality in HD patients.
Forest land use discontinuity and northern red oak Quercus rubra introduction change biomass allocation and life strategy of lingonberry Vaccinium vitis-idaea
Authors: Woziwoda Beata , Dyderski Marcin K. , Jagodziński Andrzej M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Multi-purpose use of forests in a sustainable way forces a recognition of how alien woody species introduction in forests with different land use history affect native plants other than trees. Lingonberry Vaccinium vitis-idaea is an important understory component of temperate and boreal forests and provider of valuable non-wood forest products. Here we studied effects of land use changes and introduction of Northern red oak Quercus rubra on lingonberry in a mesic Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests (in central Poland). We measured lingonberry cover, height of shoots, biomass of stems and leaves, and fruit productivity. Shoots were collected within 200 research plots located in recent and ancient Scots pine forests, with and without Q. rubra.Results: We found that V. vitis-idaea reached lower cover, aboveground biomass and fruit production in recent than ancient forests and in forests with than without Q. rubra. The fruit production in recent pine forest was only 2% of that reported in ancient pine forest, and V. vitis-idaea did not reproduce generatively in forests with Q. rubra. Biomass and carbon sequestration of V. vitis-idaea in forests with alien (invasive) tree decreased by 75% compared to ancient pine forest. Effects were also clear at the individual shoot level – in less suitable conditions we found taller heights and higher biomass allocation into stems than foliage. Biomass allocation in fruiting and non-fruiting shoots in pine forests was also different – less of the dry biomass of fruiting shoots was allocated to leaves than to stems.Conclusions: In the age of high interest in ecosystem services and discussions about usage of alien tree species as alternatives in forest management, our results clearly indicate disruption of ecosystem services provided by V. vitis-idaea in the presence of Q. rubra. Lingonberry benefited from the continuity of forest land use, however, regardless of land-use legacy, alien tree introduction, led to decline in abundance of species crucial for ecosystem functioning. Therefore, to maintain valuable native species and for conservation of ecosystem services delivery, we suggest limiting the introducing Q. rubra in areas with abundant V. vitis-idaea, especially in forests with continuous forest land-use history.
BuyangHuanwu Decoction (BYHWD) inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in BV2 microglial cells by NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway
Authors: Peng Zhuang , Peng Sha , Shi Zhe , Luo Lin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurological and cerebrovascular diseases. Recently, microglia has became a promising target to treat neuroinflammation-related diseases. BuyangHuanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a traditional Chinese medicine recipe, is a representative prescription for the treatment of neuroinflammation, showed great therapeutic potential in neuroinflammation-related cerebrovascular disorders including cerebral ischemia. However, it’s possible mechanism of action remains unclear.Methods: In the present research, we studied the therapeutic effects of BYHWD on LPS-induced inflammatory response in BV2 microglia cells. The inflammatory cytokines include interleukin (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) were detected by commercial kit. The inflammatory-related protein was measured by western blot and immunofluorescence.Results: Our findings showed that BYHWD could significantly reverse LPS-induced morphological changes in BV2 microglial and inhibit the local synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and free radical via directly regulating NF-κB activity and inflammasome assembly. Our data showed that BYHWT inhibit LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6, and NO production, Also can inhibit iNOS protein expression and the activation of NF-κB taccording to inhibit NLRP3 activation.Conclusions: In conclusion, our results demonstrated that BYHWD is a potential candidate for treating neuroinflammation-related diseases. Certainly, more comprehensive researches on the precise mechanism of action of BYHWD in cerebrovascular disease is required in future vivo studies.
Solid-state NMR spectroscopic studies of 13C,15N,29Si-enriched biosilica from the marine diatom Cyclotella cryptica
Authors: Kolbe Felicitas , Ehren Helena Leona , Kohrs Simon , Butscher Daniel , Reiß Lukas , Baldus Marc , Brunner Eike 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Diatoms are algae producing micro- and nano-structured cell walls mainly containing amorphous silica. The shape and patterning of these cell walls is species-specific. Herein, the biosilica of Cyclotella cryptica, a centric marine diatom with a massive organic matrix, is studied. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is applied to gain deeper insight into the interactions at the organic-inorganic interface of the cell walls. The various organic compounds like polysaccharides as well as proteins and long-chain polyamines (LCPAs) are detected by observation of heteronuclei like 13C and 15N whereas the silica phase is studied using 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The sensitivity of the NMR experiments is strongly enhanced by isotope-labeling of the diatoms during cultivation with 13C, 15N and 29Si. The presence of two different chitin species in the biosilica is demonstrated. This observation is supported by a monosaccharide analysis of the silica-associated organic matrix where a high amount of glucosamine is found. Moreover, the Rotational Echo Double Resonance (REDOR) experiment provides distance information for heteronuclear spins. 13C{29Si} REDOR experiments reveal proximities between different organic compounds and the silica phase. The closest contacts between silica and organic compounds appear for different signals in the 13C-chemical shift range of 40–60 ppm, the typical range for LCPAs.
MiR-146a-5p Targeting SMAD4 and TRAF6 Inhibits Adipogenensis Through TGF-β and NF-κB Signal Pathways in Porcine Intramuscular Preadipocytes
Authors: Zhang Que , Cai Rui , Tang Guorong , Zhang Wanrong , Pang Weijun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is a vital parameter to assess pork quality. Increasing evidences have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating porcine IMF deposition. Here, a novel miRNA implicated in porcine IMF adipogenesis was found, and its effect and regulatory mechanism was further explored on the proliferation and differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes.Results: By miRNAs sequencing analysis in porcine adipose tissues, we found that miR-146a-5p was a potential regulator of porcine IMF adipogenesis. Further study showed that miR-146a-5p mimics inhibited the proliferation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes, but its inhibitor promoted cell proliferation. Interestingly, miR-146a-5p mimics also repressed preadipocyte differentiation, whereas its inhibitor promoted adipogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, miR-146a-5p suppressed cell proliferation by directly targeting SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) to attenuate the TGF-β signal. Moreover, miR-146a-5p inhibited the differentiation of intramuscular preadipocytes by targeting TNF receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to weaken the NF-κB signaling of the TRAF6 downstream pathway.Conclusions: MiR-146a-5p targeting SMAD4 and TRAF6 inhibited porcine intramuscular adipogenesis through attenuating TGF-β and NF-κB signals, respectively. These findings provided a novel miRNA biomarker for regulating intramuscular adipogenesis to promote pork quality.
A Post-GWAS Confirming the Genetic Effects and Functional Polymorphisms of AGPAT3 Gene on Milk Fatty Acids in Dairy Cattle
Authors: Shi Lijun , Ma Zhu , Lv Xiaoqing , Liu Lin , Li Yanhua , Zhao Feng , Han Bo , Sun Dongxiao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In our previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) on milk fatty acids (FAs) in dairy cattle, 83 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. Among them, two SNPs, ARS-BFGL-NGS-109493 and BTA-56389-no-rs associated with C18index (P = 0.0459), were located in the upstream of 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase 3 (AGPAT3) gene. AGPAT3 is involved in glycerol-lipid, glycerol-phospholipid metabolism and phospholipase D signaling pathways. Hence, it was inferred as a candidate gene for milk FAs. The aim of this study was to further confirm the genetic effects of the AGPAT3 gene on milk FA traits in dairy cattle.Results: Through re-sequencing the complete coding region, and 3,000bp of 5' and 3' regulatory regions of the AGPAT3 gene, a total of 17 SNPs were identified, including four in 5' regulatory region, one in 5' untranslated region (UTR), three in introns, one in 3' UTR, and eight in 3' regulatory region. By the linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis with Haploview4.1 software, two haplotype blocks were observed that were formed by four and 12 identified SNPs, respectively. Using SAS9.2, we performed single locus-based and haplotype-based association analysis on 24 milk FAs in 1,065 Chinese Holstein cows, and discovered that all the SNPs and the haplotype blocks were significantly associated with medium-chain saturated fatty acids (C6:0, C8:0 and C10:0; P < 0.0001~ 0.0384). Further, with Genomatix, we predicted that four SNPs in 5' regulatory region (g.146702957G>A, g.146704373A>G g.146704618A>G and g.146704699G>A) changed the transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) for transcription factors SMARCA3, REX1, VMYB, BRACH, NKX26, ZBED4, SP1, USF1, ARNT and FOXA1. Out of them, two SNPs were validated to impact transcriptional activity by performing luciferase assay that the alleles A of both SNPs, g.146704373A>G and g.146704618A>G, increased the transcriptional activities of AGPAT3 promoter compared with alleles G (P = 0.0004).Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings first demonstrated the significant genetic associations of the AGPAT3 gene with milk medium-chain saturated FAs in dairy cattle, and two potential causal mutations were detected.