bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet–Leukocyte Aggregate and Interleukin‐6: An Emerging Perspective on a New Diagnostic and Therapeutic Clue for Acute Coronary Syndrome, A Case–Control Study
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad , Bashash Davood , Gheydari Mohamad Esmail , Mohammadi Mohammad Hossein , Shahraki Hojat , Yazdanparast Somayeh , Olazadeh Keyvan , Atashzar Nazli , Hamidpour Mohsen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the most important cardiovascular diseases. The rupture of atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries is considered the underlying pathophysiology of ACS. The interaction between cytokines and leukocytes in the presence of platelets results in platelet–leukocyte aggregate (PLA). Monocytes, neutrophils, and cytokines are prime factors that promote PLA formation, which leads to atherosclerotic plaque progression and subsequent ACS development. This study aimed to investigate PLA (PMA and PNA) formation and cytokine (IL‐6 and TNF‐α) levels as well as the correlation between them in ACS patient samples to identify diagnostic markers.MethodsA total of 30 patients with ACS and 24 healthy controls participated in this study. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate PLA formation, and the serum levels of cytokines were assessed by ELISA. The Pearson's correlation coefficient and ROC curve were calculated to investigate the correlation between the parameters and their diagnostic value, respectively.ResultsThe results showed that PMA, PNA, and IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in ACS patients than in healthy controls. Additionally, TNF‐α levels were not significantly increased in the patient group. In addition, the Pearson's correlation coefficient results revealed a direct linear and statistically significant relationship between PMA‐IL‐6 and PNA‐IL‐6 as well as a direct linear but statistically nonsignificant relationship between IL‐6‐TNF‐α and PMA–PNA, whereas a convers linear but nonsignificant correlation was shown between PMA and TNF‐α and no correlation was detected between PNA and TNF‐α. Finally, ROC curve analysis revealed that the PMA, PNA, and IL‐6 can have diagnostic value.ConclusionIn conclusion, the PMA, PNA, and IL‐6 can be used as powerful diagnostic markers in ACS patients. Therefore, disrupting PMA and PNA formation and inhibiting cytokine production may be new strategies for the treatment of ACS. However, further investigations are required to explore these parameters in the clinical diagnosis of ACS.
Surgical Resection Enhances Survival in Patients With Liver Metastases From Gastric Cancer: A Population‐Based, Case‐Control Study
Authors: Sun Wuhui , Li Xiawei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsGastric cancer with liver metastases (GCLM) is a challenging condition that significantly reduces long‐term survival rates, but recent advancements in surgical techniques have shown promise. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the impact of surgical resection on survival rates in GCLM patients.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based analysis utilizing the SEER database for patients diagnosed with GCLM between 2010 and 2015. Overall survival (OS) was compared between patients who underwent cancer‐directed surgery (CDS) and those who did not. The overlap weighting method based on lasso regression with penalty factors was employed to minimize selection bias. Survival outcomes were compared using Kaplan‐Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models, with subgroup analyses to further explore the effects of surgery among patients.ResultsA total of 3694 patients with GCLM were identified. Of those, 354 (9.58%) patients underwent CDS. After propensity score adjustment, The median OS was significantly higher in the surgical resection group (12 months, 95% confidence interval (CI) 11–16) compared to the nonresection group (6 months, 95% CI: 5–6). Cox regression analysis revealed a substantial improvement in OS for the surgical resection group, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.562 (95% CI: 0.482–0.656), including patients with adverse conditions.ConclusionsThe analysis demonstrated a clear association between surgical resection and enhanced OS in GCLM patients. Nevertheless, further research endeavors should be undertaken to identify specific prognostic factors that aid in the selection of optimal candidates for surgical resection.
Magnetic Resonance Elastography for Breast Cancer Diagnosis Through the Assessment of Tissue Biomechanical Properties
Authors: Jamshidi Mohammad Hossein , Karami Aida , Keshavarz Amirhesam , Fatemi Ali , Ghanavati Sepehr 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimBreast cancer and normal breast tissue exhibit different degrees of stiffness, indicating distinct biomechanical properties. Study results reveal that breast cancer tissue is several times stiffer than normal breast tissue. These variations can serve as indicative factors for imaging purposes. Depicting markers can significantly enhance the process of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. This article provides a brief review of the biomechanical properties of breast cancer tissue, highlighting the role of the magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) technique in utilizing these properties for diagnosing breast cancer.MethodsIn breast MRE, low‐frequency shear waves are employed to measure breast stiffness. This method not only offers a quantitative diagnosis but also generates an elastogram, determining the stiffness of each area through its colors.ResultsMRE represents a diagnostic technique with heightened sensitivity, based on depicting the viscoelasticity properties of breast tissue and describing tumors in terms of biomechanical properties. Combining tissue biomechanical properties, such as tissue stiffness, with contrast‐enhanced breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) leads to tumor diagnosis. The value of MRE in oncological imaging aims at the early detection of tumors and evaluating the prognosis of breast cancer.ConclusionBreast MRE can identify the reduction of interstitial pressure in tumors by detecting changes in tissue stiffness, making it an effective tool for monitoring treatment responses. This technique is safe, repeatable, and highly precise, significantly aiding in patient screening.
How Rains and Floods Become Groundwater: Understanding Recharge Pathways With Stable and Cosmogenic Isotopes
Authors: Lerback Jory , Bibby Richard , Danielsen Jacob , Garguilo Mike , Grande Emilio , Harm A. Jake , Minn Ken , Moran Jean , Oerter Erik , Visser Ate 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAnthropogenic climate change leads to increased precipitation intensity and exacerbated droughts in California, challenging the reliability and drought resiliency of water supply. Storing floodwater underground via managed aquifer recharge can mitigate these effects through direct infiltration or streambed infiltration. Seasonally dry streams (arroyos) already play an important part in managing groundwater recharge to the Livermore basin (CA). Understanding how, when and where stormwater and arroyo water infiltrate is critical to effectively utilise this strategy. To track water from recent storms (water year 2022–2023, WY23) into the Livermore Valley Groundwater Basin, we analysed stable water isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) in combination with naturally occurring radioactive isotopic tracers, sulphur‐35 (35S, t½ = 87 days) and tritium (3H, t½ = 12.3 years). By comparing measurements of δ18O, 35S and 3H in arroyos to precipitation and groundwater, we classified the relative age and identified source of recharge to 16 wells near two arroyos. Two wells contained water with recent recharge (from WY23) from local precipitation. One well had recent recharge from variable (precipitation and imported water) sources. One well contained imported water recharge. Three wells contained water from mixed recent and older (pre‐WY23) waters, from local precipitation sources. Two wells contained recent recharge from local mine settling ponds. Seven wells had older recharge from local precipitation sources. This combination of isotopes allows us to delineate where local and imported water recharges in this highly managed basin and identify locations where managed aquifer recharge is contributing to rapid groundwater infiltration. Our combined interpretation of isotopic water ages and sources in the context of land use shows that local infiltration of precipitation in open spaces is an important recharge mechanism, in addition to the managed arroyo recharge. A broader familiarity with 35S will enable more extensive research on the infiltration of urban floodwaters.
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Authors: Shi Dongfeng , Chen Jiawang , Zhu Menglei , Guo Zijun , He Zixin , Li Ming , Wu Di , Wang Yingjian , Li Liang 
Published: December 2024

A cutting‐edge imaging system integrating a high‐performance MoTe2/Si photodetector with single‐pixel imaging (SPI) technology has been presented, achieving high signal‐to‐noise SWIR imaging
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A perspective from the National Eye Institute Extracellular Vesicle Workshop: Gaps, needs, and opportunities for studies of extracellular vesicles in vision research
Authors: Lee Sun Young , Klingeborn Mikael , Bulte Jeff W. M. , Chiu Daniel T. , Chopp Michael , Cutler Christopher W. , Das Saumya , Egwuagu Charles E. , Fowler Christie D. , Hamm‐Alvarez Sarah F. , Lee Hakho , Liu Yutao , Mead Ben , Moore Tara L. , Ravindran Sriram , Shetty Ashok K. , Skog Johan , Witwer Kenneth W. , Djalilian Ali R. , Weaver Alissa M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith an evolving understanding and new discoveries in extracellular vesicle (EV) biology and their implications in health and disease, the significant diagnostic and therapeutic potential of EVs for vision research has gained recognition. In 2021, the National Eye Institute (NEI) unveiled its Strategic Plan titled ‘Vision for the Future (2021–2025),’ which listed EV research as a priority within the domain of Regenerative Medicine, a pivotal area outlined in the Plan. In alignment with this prioritization, NEI organized a workshop inviting twenty experts from within and beyond the visual system. The workshop aimed to review current knowledge in EV research and explore gaps, needs and opportunities for EV research in the eye, including EV biology and applications of EVs in diagnosis, therapy and prognosis within the visual system. This perspective encapsulates the workshop's deliberations, highlighting the current landscape and potential implications of EV research in advancing eye health and addressing visual diseases.
The association of demographic, psychological, social and activity factors with foot health in people with plantar heel pain
Authors: Gulle Halime , Morrissey Dylan , Tayfur Abdulhamit , Coskunsu Dilber Karagozoglu , Miller Stuart , Birn‐Jeffery Aleksandra V. , Prior Trevor 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundPlantar Heel Pain (PHP) can be a debilitating musculoskeletal condition from which only 50% recover within a year due to poor understanding of the mechanisms explaining severity and predicting outcomes specific to PHP.ObjectiveTo explore associations between biopsychosocial variables and the severity of people with PHP. Secondly, to determine what combination of self‐reported factors distinguishes people with PHP from other foot pain (OFP).MethodsWe collected data from 235 participants, including 135 (%57) PHP (age 44 ± 12 years, 66% female) and 99 OFP (%43) (age 38 ± 11 years, 57% female) using 5 demographic, 13 biomedical, 8 psychological, 3 social and 8 activity‐related factors. These were tested in linear and logistic regression models.ResultsQuality of life (QoL) (β = 0.35; p < 0.001), education (β = −0.22; p = 0.003), gender (β = −0.20; p = 0.007), morning pain duration (β = −0.18; p = 0.01) and disease duration (β = −0.15; p = 0.040) were significantly associated with severity of PHP. The second model, without QoL, showed that having sensitisation (β = −0.18; p = 0.002) and a higher level of morning pain (β = −0.20; p = 0.01) are associated with severity. The logistic regression results revealed that people with PHP tend to have a systemic disease (OR = 3.34; 1.53–7.76), express more kinesiophobia (OR = 1.02; 1.01–1.14), are less likely to have previous injuries (OR = 0.40; 0.19–0.81), worse morning pain (OR = 1.02; 1.01–1.03) and standing pain (OR = 2.60; 1.39–4.87) compared to people with OFP.ConclusionsPeople with PHP have higher associated levels of a range of psychological, social and activity related factors than people with OFP. The findings highlight the importance of considering psychosocial assessments alongside physical examination.
Application of the RIME framework in genetic counseling fieldwork training to assess practice‐based competencies
Authors: Cragun Deborah , Trepanier Angela , Krstić Nevena , Racobaldo Melissa , Hunt Paige , Randall Armel Susan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUsing educational frameworks for learner assessment in genetic counseling (GC) training may help students and supervisors articulate developmentally appropriate clinical skills‐based objectives and tasks that align with various stages of training as students work toward achieving entry‐level competency. This professional issues case study describes how two GC programs adapted and implemented the RIME (Reporter‐Interpreter‐Manager‐Educator) learner assessment framework, originally designed for medical education, to support and assess students' acquisition of practice‐based competencies (PBCs) during clinical fieldwork placements. Each RIME level describes a different set of expectations regarding the skills students should be able to demonstrate based on the level of training they have achieved up to that point in time. In early training, students work mainly on gathering and reporting clinical information (Reporter level). In early to mid‐training, students have learned what information to collect from clients and begin to apply the information to generate differential diagnoses (Interpreter level). When students reach the Manager level (typically by mid‐ to late‐training), they can independently develop and implement case management plans tailored to individual cases. The Educator level, which may not be fully attained until after graduation, involves critically evaluating evidence and educating others about new evidence. The following paper describes our experiences incorporating the RIME framework into two GC graduate programs and explains the development of corresponding RIME‐based assessment forms that align with the Accreditation Council of Genetic Counseling's 2023 PBCs. Overall, we find that using the RIME framework fosters a growth mindset by enabling students and supervisors to create developmentally appropriate goals and expectations, thereby facilitating assessment and guidance of trainee progress. Despite these perceived benefits, we acknowledge the need for research to evaluate the efficacy of the RIME framework or other learner assessment models in supporting student progression in achieving the GC PBCs.
Characteristics of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma patients with durable responses to maveropepimut‐S, pembrolizumab, and cyclophosphamide: Long‐term follow‐up from the SPiReL trial
Authors: Pandey Arjun , Roos Kim , Jiang Yidi , Mangoff Kathryn , Klein Gail , Forward Nick , Stewart Douglas , Laneuville Pierre , Bence‐Bruckler Isabelle , Mangel Joy , Tomlinson George , Berinstein Neil L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (R/R DLBCL) have an unmet medical need. The objective of this trial was to assess the efficacy and toxicities of a novel triple immunotherapy regimen—pembrolizumab, low‐dose cyclophosphamide, and maveropepimut‐S (MVP‐S). This regimen was designed to activate tumor‐specific T cells by targeting the tumor‐associated antigen survivin with MVP‐S and reducing two important T cell inhibitory pathways: T cell exhaustion and regulatory T cells with pembrolizumab and metronomic cyclophosphamide, respectively.MethodsThis was a single‐arm Phase II clinical trial in 25 participants with R/R DLBCL‐SPiReL trial (NCT03349450).ResultsThe median overall survival was 10.1 months and a third of participants survived over 2 years. Enhanced long‐term survival was associated with favorable clinical characteristics and enhanced immune reactivity, as assessed by ELISpot and ISR‐immune reactive responses. The regimen was well‐tolerated with minimal Grade 3–4 toxicities.ConclusionCombination immunotherapy regimens such as this could offer a promising alternative to other treatments with significant toxicities for select patients.
Linkage to care and prevention after HIV self‐testing: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Ying , Goh Su Mei , Tapa James , Johnson Cheryl C. , Chow Eric P. F. , Zhang Lei , Phillips Tiffany , Fairley Christopher K. , Ong Jason J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIntroductionEffective linkage to prevention and care is a crucial step following HIV testing services. This systematic review aimed to determine the proportion of individuals linked to prevention and care after HIV self‐testing (HIVST) and describe factors associated with linkage.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search across eight databases (2010–October 2023) identified studies on linkage to care after HIVST, defined as receiving a confirmatory test or initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) if the self‐test was reactive, and/or pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) if the self‐test was non‐reactive. A random‐effects meta‐analysis summarized the findings and meta‐regression explored study‐level covariates, such as world region, population type and service delivery model, that might explain the between‐study heterogeneity.ResultsFrom 10,071 screened studies, 173 were included in the meta‐analysis. The majority of studies focused on key populations in Africa using unassisted, oral fluid‐based HIVST kits. Among those with reactive HIVST results, 92% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 88–95) were linked to confirmatory testing (n = 124 studies), and 89% (95% CI: 84–93) of newly diagnosed individuals initiated ART (n = 88 studies). Overall, 84% (95% CI: 74–93) of self‐testers were linked to care (n = 69 studies). However, only 9% (95% CI: 2–19) of individuals with non‐reactive HIVST results were linked to PrEP services (n = 9 studies). Assisted HIVST was associated with higher linkage rates to confirmatory testing and ART initiation compared to unassisted testing. Meta‐regression revealed that the type of delivery model for the HIVST kits influenced linkage and that individuals who obtained their HIVST kits through a social network‐based approach (SNA) were more likely to be linked to confirmatory testing (adjusted odds ratio = 1.28 [95% CI: 1.10–1.50], p = 0.001) compared to non‐SNA service delivery model.DiscussionIn the context of expanding HIVST services globally, we found that linkage to confirmatory testing and ART initiation after HIVST is generally high, particularly when assisted HIVST or SNA‐based distribution is used.ConclusionsStrengthening timely linkage is vital for improving health outcomes, reducing HIV transmission and achieving the UNAIDS 95‐95‐95 goal. Ongoing research and collaboration with community‐based organizations are needed to overcoming barriers and ensuring positive outcomes for those using HIVST.PROSPERO NumberCRD42022357570.
Trauma informed career counseling for young adults with mental health conditions
Authors: Lu Weili , Yanos Philip T. , Oursler Janice , Beninato John , Topitzes Dimitri , Banko Amy , Chung Wooyoon Eunice , Stone Brittany 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article discusses the challenge of providing effective career counseling services for young adults with mental health conditions (MHCs) who have experienced trauma. We reviewed studies on trauma, career development, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and their impact on vocational functioning of young adults with MHCs and discussed implications of this review. Three cases are also presented to illustrate the way in which trauma and PTSD impact career counseling services. While there are evidence‐based PTSD treatment approaches for young adults with MHCs, trauma‐informed career counseling needs more research and development to facilitate vocational development among this population.
Patterns, Predictors, and Outcomes of Bacterial Growth and Infectious Complications after Pancreatic Resection
Authors: Pencovich Niv , Avishay Noa , Ilan Karny , Jacover Arielle , Elizur Yoav , Horesh Nir , Pery Ron , Eshkenazy Rony , Nachmany Ido 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesInfectious complications after pancreatic resections are common, but perioperative factors linked to postoperative bacterial growth are not well‐studied.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed bacterial cultures from patients undergoing pancreatic resection (November 2008 to October 2022), assessing predictors for positive cultures and characterizing bacteria. Complications and outcomes of patients with positive cultures were also examined.ResultsAmong 620 patients, bile samples were collected in 95 (95/620; 15.3%), with 60 (60/95; 63.1%) testing positive, 58 of them underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. Of these, in 50 (50/58; 86.2%) the culture yielded polymicrobial growth but specific types of bacteria were not identified. Multivariate analysis identified preoperative bile duct stenting as a significant predictor of positive bile cultures (OR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.95–6.42; p < 0.001), and positive cultures were linked to higher reoperation rates (OR: 2.40; 95% CI:1.18–4.90; p < 0.001. Positive drain cultures within 30 days from surgery were associated with higher rates of clinically significant pancreatic fistula (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.00–5.11; p = 0.05), and reoperations) OR: 4.37; 95% CI: 1.62–11.79; p = 0.03). Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and positive bile cultures had shorter disease‐free survival with a median of 13 months (95% CI: 8–17) versus 18 months (95% CI: 8–29; p = 0.04).ConclusionsBile sampling is recommended in all pancreaticoduodenectomies. Managing polymicrobial growth with broad and prolonged antibiotics may reduce postoperative infections.