bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Source Position and Duration of a Solar Type III Radio Burst Observed by LOFAR
Authors: Zhang PeiJin , Yu SiJie , Kontar Eduard P. , Wang ChuanBing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The flux of solar type III radio bursts have a time profile of rising and decay phases at a given frequency, which has been actively studied since the 1970s. Several factors that may influence the duration of a type III radio burst have been proposed. In this work, to study the dominant cause of the duration, we investigate the source positions of the front edge, the peak, and the tail edge in the dynamic spectrum of a single and clear type III radio burst. The duration of this type III burst at a given frequency is about 3 s for decameter wave. The beam-formed observations by the LOw-Frequency ARray are used, which can provide the radio source positions and the dynamic spectra at the same time. We find that, for this burst, the source positions of the front edge, the peak, and the tail edge split with each other spatially. The radial speed of the electrons exciting the front edge, the peak, and the tail edge is 0.42c, 0.25c, and 0.16c, respectively. We estimate the influences of the corona density fluctuation and the electron velocity dispersion on the duration, and the scattering effect by comparison with a few short-duration bursts from the same region. The analysis yields that, in the frequency range of 30–41 MHz, the electron velocity dispersion is the dominant factor that determines the time duration of type III radio bursts with long duration, while scattering may play an important role in the duration of short bursts.
All Blacks et Guerriers du Pacifique dans la presse rugby : entre assignation identitaire et culture promotionnelle globale du rugby français
Authors: Charlot Vincent 
Published: November 2019

Le rugby d’élite français connaît une internationalisation massive de ses effectifs. Parmi le contingent d’athlètes étrangers évoluant dans les clubs de Top 14, les joueurs néo-zélandais et ceux issus des îles du Pacifique Sud bénéficient d’un statut particulier construit autour de caractéristiques morphologiques, techniques et identitaires. Le cas du club de la Section paloise illustre cette situation. À travers l’analyse du discours journalistique sur ces joueurs et leur rôle central dans la communication externe du club, l’article vise à objectiver la stratégie de promotion globale du rugby professionnel français.
L’intimité militante sur Youtube : la visibilité médiatique au service de la libération sexuelle
Authors: Balleys Claire 
Published: November 2019

Nous nous intéressons à une forme de militantisme en ligne aux caractéristiques nouvelles et à la diffusion fulgurante : les vlogs intimistes qui problématisent la sexualité dans un but de changement social. Cette catégorie de vlogs semble configurer un nouveau type de féminisme : juvénile, créé et diffusé entre pairs, profondément ancré dans l’expérience intime, en particulier sexuelle. Grâce à la visibilité médiatique acquise sur YouTube, des jeunes femmes éduquées mais amatrices luttent pour la libération sexuelle des femmes et des hommes, faisant de la plateforme un espace de critique sociale et de dénonciation des normes de genre. Thématisant la sexualité à partir d’un dialogue entre expérience intime, format collaboratif et savoirs experts, ces vlogs ont pour vocation « d’être utiles », de faire « passer un message » et de combler ce qui est perçu comme un manque institutionnel. C’est l’articulation entre la visibilité médiatique acquise par ces vidéos, la légitimité accordée par les publics et la force symbolique de l’intimité mise en scène et thématisée qui en fait des supports de formation et de diffusion de l’opinion.
Quand l’Université rend hommage à « ses » morts…
Authors: Boure Robert 
Published: November 2019

Écrire ou dire la mort d’un pair dont la vie professionnelle est « exemplaire » au regard des critères dominants, c’est rendre le défunt présent dans la mémoire de ceux qui restent et dans celle des institutions académiques. Mais les nécrologies, à travers leurs différentes formes, sont aussi des discours distinctifs vis-à-vis de l’extérieur et de l’intérieur du monde académique, ainsi que l’expression d’une sociabilité professionnelle et d’un entre-soi. Cependant, distinction et entre-soi n’excluent pas nécessairement l’universalité. Les nécrologies offrent un éclairage particulier sur le fonctionnement des institutions académiques, les pratiques sociales et les représentations des universitaires, ainsi que sur la manière dont ces derniers construisent la mémoire collective.
OX40L-JAG1–Induced Expansion of Lineage-Stable Regulatory T Cells Involves Noncanonical NF-κB Signaling
Authors: Kumar Prabhakaran , Lele Swarali Surendra , Ragothaman Vandhana K. , Raghunathan Divya , Epstein Alan L. , Chiba Shigeru , Prabhakar Bellur S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Foxp3+T regulatory cells (Tregs) control autoimmune response by suppressing proliferation and effector functions of self-reactive Foxp3−CD4+/CD8+ T cells and thereby maintain the critical balance between self-tolerance and autoimmunity. Earlier, we had shown that OX40L-JAG1 cosignaling mediated through their cognate receptors OX40 and Notch3 preferentially expressed on murine Tregs can selectively induce their proliferation in the absence of TCR stimulation. However, the differential molecular mechanisms regulating TCR-independent versus TCR-dependent Treg proliferation and lineage stability of the expanded Tregs remained unknown. In this study, we show that OX40L-JAG1 treatment induced TCR-independent proliferation of Tregs in the thymus and periphery. The use of Src kinase inhibitor permitted us to demonstrate selective inhibition of TCR-dependent T cell proliferation with little to no effect on OX40L-JAG1–induced TCR-independent Treg expansion in vitro, which was critically dependent on noncanonical NF-κB signaling. OX40L-JAG1–expanded Tregs showed sustained lineage stability as indicated by stable demethylation marks in Treg signature genes such as Foxp3, Il2ra, Ctla4, Ikzf2, and Ikzf4. Furthermore, OX40L-JAG1 treatment significantly increased CTLA4+ and TIGIT+ Tregs and alleviated experimental autoimmune thyroiditis in mice. Relevance of our findings to humans became apparent when human OX40L and JAG1 induced TCR-independent selective expansion of human Tregs in thymocyte cultures and increased human Tregs in the liver tissue of humanized NSG mice. Our findings suggest that OX40L-JAG1–induced TCR-independent Treg proliferation is a conserved mechanism that can be used to expand lineage-stable Tregs to treat autoimmune diseases.
ThePglyrp1-Regulated Microbiome Enhances Experimental Allergic Asthma
Authors: Banskar Sunil , Detzner Ashley A. , Juarez-Rodriguez Maria D. , Hozo Iztok , Gupta Dipika , Dziarski Roman 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChanges in intestinal or respiratory microbiomes in infants correlate with increased incidence of asthma, but the causative role of microbiome in the susceptibility to asthma and the host genes that regulate these changes in microbiome are mostly unknown. In this study, we show that decreased responsiveness to allergic asthma in Pglyrp1−/− mice (lacking bactericidal peptidoglycan recognition protein 1) could be transferred to germ-free wild-type mice by colonization of mothers and newborns with microbiota from Pglyrp1−/− mice. These colonized mice had decreased airway resistance and fewer inflammatory cells, less severe histopathology, and lower levels of IgE and proallergic cytokines and chemokines in the lungs. This microbiome-dependent decreased responsiveness to asthma was most pronounced in colonized germ-free BALB/c mice (genetically predisposed to asthma), only partially evident in outbred germ-free Swiss Webster mice, and marginal in conventional BALB/c mice following depletion of microbiome with antibiotics. Mice with a low asthmatic response colonized with microbiota from Pglyrp1−/− mice had increased abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreased abundance of Firmicutes, Tenericutes, Deferribacteres, and Spirochaetes in the feces and increased abundance of Pasteurella in the oropharynx. These changes in bacterial abundance in the feces and oropharynx correlated with lower asthmatic responses in the lungs. Thus, our results show that Pglyrp1 enhances allergic asthmatic responses primarily through its effect on the host intestinal microbiome and identify several bacteria that may increase or decrease sensitivity to asthma. This effect of microbiome is strong in asthma-prone BALB/c mice and weak in asthma-resistant outbred mice and requires germ-free conditions before colonization with microbiota from Pglyrp1−/− mice.
Habilidades comunicativas y cognitivas de estudiantes sordos: diseño de protocolos
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández Yenny , Muñoz  Vilugrón Karina Andrea , Sastre Carmen Obdulia 
Published: November 2019

El trabajo colaborativo entre docentes y fonoaudiólogos en el aula de clase es una estrategia válida para promover la comunicación y los procesos cognitivos de los niños sordos. El número cada vez mayor de estudiantes sordos en la educación regular trae varios retos. Entre ellos, el uso de instrumentos para identificar las fortalezas y aspectos por mejorar en las aulas de clase. El siguiente artículo expone los resultados de un trabajo interdisciplinario centrado en el diseño de dos protocolos de evaluación (comunicación y procesos cognitivos) para ser usados en el aula de clase con estudiantes sordos. El estudio descriptivo contempló tres fases (diseño de instrumentos, validación de contenido por expertos, y pilotaje). En la segunda participaron 12 profesionales, y en la última 5 docentes y 12 estudiantes sordos. Los resultados mostraron que las dimensiones, los ítems y las escalas de cada protocolo eran válidos para registrar y caracterizar los comportamientos estudiados. También evidenciaron la objetividad y la funcionalidad de cada uno de ellos al momento de registrar los comportamientos observados. El estudio concluyó que los dos protocolos se pueden usar en el contexto escolar con los fines para los que fueron creados y recomienda ampliar su aplicación a otras ciudades chilenas y colombianas.
“Not Too Far Removed from Slavery”: Police Brutality and Rights Activism in Valdosta, Georgia, 1945–55
Authors: Aiello Thomas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The historiography of police brutality usually frames the phenomenon in urban settings, one that has existed since the first police forces of the antebellum period and was given its ultimate succor in the development of ethnic enclaves policed by white cops in the throes of the Great Migration and proliferating in the aftermath of World War II. This analysis interprets police brutality as a function of the structure and culture of policing. The violence of southern policing is in no way ignored by historians but is framed less as a function of racism in policing and more as a function of southern racist culture, of which policing is a constituent part.
But the systematic police brutality that existed in the small-town South in the decade following World War II was a brutality that was fundamentally dependent on a racist culture in the police force and carried out by white officers who abused the rights of Black citizens, assuming that their status as policemen and the racial assumptions of all-white juries would protect them. Such was the case in Valdosta. The murder of Willie Watson, featured in this article, would bring federal charges and national attention, but it did not exist in a vacuum. It was part of a culture of racist postwar police brutality that existed in Valdosta and southwest Georgia.
Police brutality in places like New Orleans and Birmingham is significant for understanding the evolving postwar demographics of the urban South, but the region was still predominantly rural at World War II’s close, relying on more moderately sized cities as cultural and economic hubs. There were, in other words, far more Valdostas in the postwar South than there were New Orleanses, making the smaller southwest Georgia city a better representative model for the broader postwar southern experience with race and policing. It also serves as a representative model for the trajectory of responses to police brutality more broadly, as the traditional civil rights narrative places responses to the violence of law enforcement as an outgrowth of new Black militancy later in the movement, a northern phenomenon and creature of the mid- to late 1960s.
Reginald Hawkins, the 1968 North Carolina Democratic Primary, and the Future of Black Political Participation
Authors: Faulkenbury Evan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In 1968, Dr. Reginald Hawkins, an African American civil rights leader and dentist from Charlotte, ran for governor in North Carolina within the Democratic primary. He lost the race, but his campaign succeeded by demonstrating the potential for Black political power. This article focuses on Hawkins, his civil rights activism in Charlotte, and his gubernatorial candidacy in 1968. From December 1967 through May 4, 1968, Hawkins barnstormed the state, promoted a progressive political agenda, and inspired African Americans. Always the underdog, Hawkins expected a boost from Martin Luther King Jr., who had promised to campaign with him across North Carolina, but King’s death curtailed Hawkins’s campaign. Hawkins did not win the primary—and he never stood much of a chance—but his effort strengthened Black political engagement and helped pave the way for Black candidates to win statewide races in the not-too-distant future.
Improving Tensile Properties of Polylactic Acid Parts by Adjusting Printing Parameters of Open Source 3D Printers
Authors: TAO Yubo , LI Peng , PAN Ling 
Published: November 2019

Open source 3D printers (OS3DPs) have become increasingly more widespread in recent years because of their ease of use and budget friendliness, with the majority being fused deposition modeling (FDM) printers. However, due to natural deficiencies of the FDM printing methodology, different printing parameters can cause various properties of printed parts. To obtain printed polylactic acid (PLA) parts with improved tensile properties, a tension model of the part and an orthogonal experiment scheme were constructed in this paper. The effects of three printing parameters (layer height, orientation angle (OA) of the part, and print speed) on tensile properties (elastic modulus, tensile strength, and elongation at break) were investigated. The results demonstrated that the printing parameters affected the tensile properties of PLA parts. Larger layer height and lower print speed contributed to the improvement of tensile strength. The OA of the part had the greatest effect on the parts’ elastic modulus and elongation at break among the three parameters. Both layer height and OA of the part affected part tensile strength significantly. In this research, layer height of 0.2 mm and print speed of 20 ~ 30 mm/s are found to be the optimal printing parameters. Adjusting the OA of the part can provide targeted tensile properties, and the parts with the OA of 45° resulted in the lowest tensile strength because the tensile force is only held by fibers parallel to the force orientation instead of all fibers.
Effect of Ca(OH)2 and Heat Treatment on The Physico-Chemical Properties of Bovine Bone Powder; a Material Useful for Medical, Catalytic, and Environmental Applications
Authors: KHAN Naseer Ahmed , AHMED Mukhtiar , SYED Naveed ul Hasan , DREWERY Matthew 
Published: November 2019

In this study the authors investigated the effect of alkali (Ca(OH)2) and heat treatment on the physico-chemical properties of bovine bone powder. For this purpose, raw and alkali treated samples were heated separately at temperatures of 400 °C, 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C. A combination of characterization techniques, such as TGA, XRD, N2-adsorbtion isotherms, and EDX were used. It was found that the boiling of cleaned solid pieces of bones in 2 molar Ca(OH)2 solution results in a mass loss of about 10 % (mainly discards oily liquid). TGA analysis affirms that the hydrocarbons of bone matrix are partially extractable (~ 10 %) in the boiling alkaline solution. The color of raw and treated bone samples remained similar, that is changing from yellowish white to grayish black before turning into white over temperatures ranging from 30 °C (room temperature), 400 – 600 °C, and 800 – 1000 °C, respectively. Moreover, XRD signatures were also comparable at unified temperature ranges, however, it was noted that carbonization due to heating engenders a significant change in the intensities of the x-ray reflections. Despite of having similarities, surface area of raw and treated bones at 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C were found to be different, indicative of a chemical interactions of calcium ions with bone. Quite interestingly, TGA, XRD, and N2-adsorbtion isotherms support the argument that a limited amount of calcium ions diffuses into the vacancies or interstitial sites of bone lattice. Furthermore, EDX analysis of the samples calcined at 1000 °C confirms that the Ca(OH)2 treatment increases the total calcium content of hydroxylapatite (inorganic part of bone matrix).
The Mediation Role of Psychological Hardiness between Emotional Self-regulation and Stress Management in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Abadi Mahshid Shah , Mohammadi Masoud , Hashemipour Seyed Mohammad Amin 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in both developed and developing countries. It may cause several problems regarding physical, psychological, and social aspects. Cognitive emotion self-regulation is key factor in coping with these issues. This study is aimed to assess the mediating role of psychological hardiness between emotional self-regulation and stress management in breast cancer patients.
Method: Current study is a cross-sectional study. Study society included women with breast cancer referring to shiraz governmental hospitals including Namazi, Shahid Faghihi and Bualisina Hospitals from which 120 individuals fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. This investigation is a descriptive-correlation study in which three questionnaires (psychological hardiness, emotional self-regulation and stress management) were used for data collection. Data was analyzed using statistical methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient and regression using SPSS ver. 24 software.
Results: Mean age of participants was 45 years in this study (81.7%). Results of regression test revealed a significant relationship between cognitive emotional self-regulation with stress management and cognitive hardiness (P<0.001). Regression results showed that cognitive emotional self-regulation explains 17% and 15% of all changes in cognitive hardiness and stress management.
Conclusion: Results of this study showed that emotional regulation (disorder in emotional regulation) can directly affect stress management ability. Moreover, increased emotional regulation disorder, reduced psychologic hardiness. Thus, emotional self-regulation can affect quality of life of these patients and improve their ability to cope with cancer-derived challenges.
Effect of Abstinence Time on Semen Parameters among Male Patients Referring to Urology Clinic
Authors: Moghaddam Farshad Sheybaee , Hosseini Hojjat , Mohammadi Sassan , Amirahmadi Mozhdeh , Hosseini Mehrshad Salar 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most common disorders in sexual intercourses among men and may occur for any man in any period of his life. PE results in some mental disorders such as anxiety, depression and marital disaffection and can have psychological impacts. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of the abstinence time on the semen analysis parameters among men.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on a statistical population including 100 male patients referring to the urology clinic in Ali-Ibn-Abitaleb Hospital. Once included in the study, these individuals are divided into three groups with short-term abstinence (less than 2 days), mid-term abstinence (2-9 days), and long-term abstinence (more than 9 days). The patients, depending on the group to which they belonged, were asked to deliver their semen at the specified time to the laboratory in less than an hour. The obtained data were statistically analyzed in SPSS-22 software.
Findings: The results of Pearson correlation and Spearman tests indicated a direct positive relationship between the abstinence time and the total number of sperms in the seminal fluid, concentration of the sperms in the seminal fluid, volume of the seminal fluid, sperm DNA fragmentation, reactive oxygen species in the seminal fluid, and pH of the seminal fluid.accordingly, the longer the abstinence time, the more the occurrence of these disorders. Also, the correlation test results showed that the abstinence time had an inverse relationship with motility and morphology of the sperms in the seminal fluid; accordingly, with elongation of the abstinence time, the motility (mobility) and morphology of the sperms in the seminal fluid were reduced.
Conclusion: The researchers in the present work concluded the presence of a relationship between the abstinence time and the quality of the sperm parameters. Results of the present study showed that the abstinence time is significantly associated with the total sperm count, sperm concentration seminal fluid volume and pH.
Process noise covariance estimation via stochastic approximation
Authors: Bianchi Federico , Formentin Simone , Piroddi Luigi 
Published: November 2019

SummaryKalman filtering for linear systems is known to provide the minimum variance estimation error, under the assumption that the model dynamics is known. While many system identification tools are available for computing the system matrices from experimental data, estimating the statistics of the output and process noises is still an open problem. Correlation‐based approaches are very fast and sufficiently accurate, but there are typically restrictions on the number of noise covariance elements that can be estimated. On the other hand, maximum likelihood methods estimate all elements with high accuracy, but they are computationally expensive, and they require the use of external optimization solvers. In this paper, we propose an alternative solution, tailored for process noise covariance estimation and based on stochastic approximation and gradient‐free optimization, that provides a good trade‐off in terms of performance and computational load, and is also easy to implement. The effectiveness of the method as compared to the state of the art is shown on a number of recently proposed benchmark examples.