bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intermedial Literature: From Cinema through Television to the Internet
Authors: Brook Clodagh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rapid rise of intermedial border crossings has unsettled literature and transformed its position in the world. Italian literature’s relations with other arts are mobile and in constant transformation, meaning that its position in what Eugenio d’Ors calls the “gravitation of the arts” shifts over time, forcing us to confront anew how we define and understand it. With the rise of new forms of art and media over the twentieth century (especially cinema, television, and the Internet), the interconnectedness of literature has reached unprecedented levels of complexity. This article explores Italian literature’s life on its boundaries, especially where cinema and Internet butt up against it, as well as mass media more widely, an obligatory point of reference. What has the fragmenting of literature’s boundaries and its increasing entanglement with technological media meant for literature? Case studies in this chapter are Italo Calvino’s Palomar (1983), Fango (1996) by “Cannibale” writer Niccolò Ammaniti, Wu Ming’s Manituana and its website (2007), and literary examples from 2010 to 2020.
Mary Magdalene in the Gospel of Mary, Gospel of Thomas, Gospel of Philip, First Apocalypse of James, Sophia of Jesus Christ, and Dialogue of the Savior
Authors: King Karen L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This essay discusses the representations of Mary (Magdalene) in the Gospel of Mary, Gospel of Thomas, Gospel of Philip, First Apocalypse of James, Sophia of Jesus Christ, and Dialogue of the Savior. Composed in the second to third centuries ce, these texts were rediscovered in the modern period and offer striking portraits of Mary as a leading disciple, often connecting her with discussions of women’s roles, gender, and salvation. After asking whether the modern classification of these texts as Gnostic is appropriate and why that matters, the essay builds on the widely noted mixing of Marys and uses interfigural analysis to help sharpen those observations and insights. It concludes with a brief reflection on the diversity of portraits of Mary in her “third life” beyond history and memory.
Ethical Anxiety in Global Politics
Authors: Steele Brent J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Anxiety is a central feature of late modernity. It plays a central role in political psychological approaches in international relations. Often considered a burden or obstacle to political action, or one that can be manipulated for populist politics, this chapter evaluates the productive possibilities of what it calls “ethical anxiety.” It canvasses insights from ontological security studies, as well as philosophical resources from communitarian ethics, to explore the embodied mobilization of ethical anxiety for productive political action. It provides illustrations of how ethical anxiety is transformed into action via two political movements—the fight to stem climate change and for Black Lives Matter(ing).
Transitional Justice in the Arab Region
Authors: Aboueldahab Noha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses transitional justice in the Arab region. It begins with a brief background about the ways in which transitional justice practices were pursued in the Arab states that experienced mass anti-government uprisings, and the ouster of their leaders, in 2011. This period is often referred to as the Arab Uprisings, or the Arab Spring. The chapter then highlights the importance of distinguishing, while also recognizing the link, between political transitions, revolutions, and counter-revolutions disguised as political transitions. It also addresses the three areas to which the Arab regional context contributes empirical and theoretical value: the relevance of the transitional justice imaginary; the question of whether transitional justice is better placed to focus on process over outcome; and the role of Arab knowledge production in transitional justice research and praxis. The chapter argues that transitional justice, as an intellectual and practical project, lacks significantly in empirically grounded material from underrepresented parts of the world—the Arab region being one of them.
Formal Theory
Authors: Paine Jack , Tyson Scott A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
An autocrat’s power depends on gaining support, managing agents, and preventing the opposition from mobilizing. The language of game-theoretic modeling is designed specifically to study strategic interactions among rulers, regime agents/elites, and opposition actors. Consequently, in the past two decades, game theory has become an indispensable tool for studying authoritarian politics. Recent contributions in applied modeling have advanced our understanding of the main problems that autocrats confront, including commitment problems, agency problems, and coordination problems. We highlight both canonical models and very recent advances to showcase insights from formal theory that inform how autocrats address these problems.
The Horizontal Effect of Fundamental Rights
Authors: Haupt Claudia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines in comparative perspective the constitutional doctrine of horizontal effect as it relates to speech and data privacy on social media platforms. Whereas protecting private speech against government restrictions is the core concern of the First Amendment, other constitutional regimes go beyond applying individual rights only ‘vertically’ as between individual and state. Fundamental rights may also have ‘horizontal’ effect between private parties. Absent a constitutional framework capturing private interactions, courts and scholars in the United States developed various approaches to address the social relationships between users and social media platforms. Most prominent in the speech context, where the state action doctrine prevents enforcement of free speech rights by users against private platforms, is the idea of platforms as common carriers. With respect to data privacy, by contrast, the concept of information fiduciaries, and related duties such as data loyalty, have gained traction. A global perspective illustrates that a strict public/private divide in enforcing fundamental rights hinders capturing the social relationships between users and social media platforms, because modern speech and privacy conflicts there do not manifest between the individual and the state. The horizontal effect doctrine, as this chapter illustrates, is one way to better capture these relationships.
Expansion of the MutS gene family in plants
Authors: Sloan Daniel B , Broz Amanda K , Kuster Shady A , Muthye Viraj , Peñafiel-Ayala Alejandro , Marron Jennifer R , Lavrov Dennis V , Brieba Luis G 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The widely distributed MutS gene family functions in recombination, DNA repair, and protein translation. Multiple evolutionary processes have expanded this gene family in plants relative to other eukaryotes. Here, we investigate the origins and functions of these plant-specific genes. Cyanobacterial-like MutS1 and MutS2 genes were ancestrally gained via plastid endosymbiotic gene transfer. MutS1 was subsequently lost in seed plants, whereas MutS2 was duplicated in Viridiplantae (i.e., land plants and green algae). Viridiplantae also have two anciently duplicated copies of the eukaryotic MSH6 gene and acquired MSH1 via horizontal gene transfer - potentially from a nucleocytovirus. Despite sharing a name, "plant MSH1" is not directly related to the MSH1 gene in some fungi and animals, which may be an ancestral eukaryotic gene acquired via mitochondrial endosymbiosis and subsequently lost in most eukaryotes. There has been substantial progress in understanding the functions of plant MSH1 and MSH6 genes, but the cyanobacterial-like MutS1 and MutS2 genes remain uncharacterized. Known functions of bacterial homologs and predicted protein structures, including fusions to diverse nuclease domains, provide hypotheses about potential molecular mechanisms. Because most plant-specific MutS proteins are mitochondrial and/or plastid-targeted, the expansion of this family has played a large role in shaping plant organelle genetics.
Palisade cell geometry in relation to leaf optical and photosynthetic properties in Viburnum
Authors: Borsuk Aleca M , Randall Josh M , Richburg Jennifer , Montes Kyra G , Edwards Erika J , Brodersen Craig R 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The optical properties of lobed palisade mesophyll cells remain poorly understood despite their presence in diverse taxa and the critical role of the palisade layer in leaf-light interactions and carbon assimilation. Using micro-computed tomography, 3D ray tracing simulations, and physiological experiments, we tested the interactions between palisade cell geometry, chloroplast localization, light directional quality, and leaf optical and photosynthetic performance in the model taxon Viburnum. Simulations showed that lobed cells shifted between absorptance- or transmittance-dominated states depending on chloroplast localization, irrespective of light directional quality. In contrast, columnar palisade optics were driven by light directional quality, with absorptance-dominated properties under diffuse light and transmittance-dominated properties under direct light, irrespective of chloroplast localization. Lobed palisade cells in planta were less densely packed yet more productive on a per cell basis than columnar palisade cells, resulting in interspecific conservation of maximum carbon assimilation rate per unit leaf tissue. For the Viburnum species studied, our results indicate a ‘many-to-one’ mapping of multiple palisade cell forms to a common rate of photosynthetic productivity per unit tissue. This work highlights the dynamic relationship between palisade mesophyll form and function and informs the anatomical basis of plant carbon assimilation.
Functional connectivity analyses of individual hippocampal subregions in major depressive disorder with electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Sun Hui , Xu Dundi , Sun Qinyao , Bai Tongjian , Wang Kai , Wang Jiaojian , Zhang Jiang , Tian Yanghua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The hippocampus has been widely reported to be involved in the neuropathology of major depressive disorder (MDD). All the previous researches adopted group-level hippocampus subregions atlas to investigate abnormal functional connectivities in MDD in absence of capturing individual variability. In addition, the molecular basis of functional impairments of hippocampal subregions in MDD remains elusive.

Objective
We aimed to reveal functional disruptions and recovery of individual hippocampal subregions in MDD patients before and after ECT and linked these functional connectivity differences to transcriptomic profiles to reveal molecular mechanism.

Methods
we used group guided individual functional parcellation approach to define individual subregions of hippocampus for each participant. Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) analysis of individual hippocampal subregions was conducted to investigate functional disruptions and recovery in MDD patients before and after ECT. Spatial association between functional connectivity differences and transcriptomic profiles was employed to reveal molecular mechanism.

Results
MDD patients showed increased FCs of the left tail part of hippocampus with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and middle temporal gyrus while decreased FC with primary visual cortex. These abnormal FCs in MDD patients were normalized after ECT. In addition, we found that functional disruptions of the left tail part of hippocampus in MDD were mainly related to synaptic signaling and transmission, ion transport, cell-cell signaling and neurogenesis.

Conclusion
Our findings provide initial evidence for functional connectome disruption of individual hippocampal subregions and their molecular basis in MDD.
Believed Gender Differences in Social Preferences
Authors: Exley Christine L , Hauser Oliver P , Moore Molly , Pezzuto John-Henry 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
While there is a vast (and mixed) literature on gender differences in social preferences, little is known about believed gender differences in social preferences. Using data from 15 studies and 8,979 individuals, we find that women are believed to be more generous and more equality-oriented than men. This believed gender gap is robust across a wide range of contexts that vary in terms of strategic considerations, selfish motives, fairness concepts, and payoffs. Yet this believed gender gap is largely inaccurate. Consistent with models of associative memory, specifically the role of similarity and interference, the believed gender gap is correlated with recalled prior life experiences from similar contexts and significantly affected by an experience that may interfere with the recall process of prior memories, even though this interfering experience should not affect the beliefs of perfect-memory Bayesians. Application studies further reveal that believed gender differences extend to the household (i.e., beliefs about contributions to the home, family, and upbringing of children), the workplace (i.e., beliefs about equal pay), and policy views (i.e., beliefs about redistribution, equal access to education, healthcare, and affordable housing).
Semi-quantitative scoring criteria based on multiple staining methods combined with machine learning to evaluate residual nuclei in decellularized matrix
Authors: Zhong Meng , He Hongwei , Ni Panxianzhi , Huang Can , Zhang Tianxiao , Chen Weiming , Liu Liming , Wang Changfeng , Jiang Xin , Pu Linyun , Yuan Tun , Liang Jie , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The detection of residual nuclei in decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) biomaterials is critical for ensuring their quality and biocompatibility. However, current evaluation methods have limitations in addressing impurity interference and providing intelligent analysis. In this study, we utilized four staining techniques—hematoxylin-eosin staining, acetocarmine staining, the Feulgen reaction and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining—to detect residual nuclei in dECM biomaterials. Each staining method was quantitatively evaluated across multiple parameters, including area, perimeter and grayscale values, to establish a semi-quantitative scoring system for residual nuclei. These quantitative data were further employed as learning indicators in machine learning models designed to automatically identify residual nuclei. The experimental results demonstrated that no single staining method alone could accurately differentiate between nuclei and impurities. In this study, a semi-quantitative scoring table was developed. With this table, the accuracy of determining whether a single suspicious point is a cell nucleus has reached over 98%. By combining four staining methods, false positives caused by impurity contamination were eliminated. The automatic recognition model trained based on nuclear parameter features reached the optimal index of the model after several iterations of training in 172 epochs. The trained artificial intelligence model achieved a recognition accuracy of over 90% for detecting residual nuclei. The use of multidimensional parameters, integrated with machine learning, significantly improved the accuracy of identifying nuclear residues in dECM slices. This approach provides a more reliable and objective method for evaluating dECM biomaterials, while also increasing detection efficiency.
A high polygenic risk score is associated with SSA/SSB antibody positivity and early onset in primary Sjögren’s disease
Authors: Fugmann Cecilia , Reid Sarah , Pucholt Pascal , Kvarnström Marika , Björk Albin , Mofors Johannes , Sjöwall Christopher , Eriksson Per , Olsson Peter , Mandl Thomas , Forsblad-d’Elia Helena , Magnusson Bucher Sara , Johnsen Svein Joar , Norheim Katrine Brække , Appel Silke , Hammenfors Daniel , Jensen Janicke Liaaen , Palm Øyvind , Omdal Roald , Jonsson Roland , Baecklund Eva , Wahren-Herlenius Marie , Leonard Dag , Imgenberg-Kreuz Juliana , Nordmark Gunnel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To calculate a polygenic risk score (PRS) based on single nucleotide variants (SNVs) previously associated with primary Sjögren’s disease (SjD) with genome-wide significance and determine the genetic risk for SjD stratified by antibodies, sex and age at diagnosis.

Methods
Patients with SjD (n = 1065) were genotyped using Illumina OmniExpressExome chip. Control genotype data were available (n = 7742). Two PRSs were constructed, one including HLA gene variants (n = 21 SNVs), and one without HLA (n = 18 SNVs). High PRS quartile (Q4) individuals were compared with low PRS (Q1–3).

Results
A high PRS was associated with SSA antibody-positive SjD (OR 9.16, 95% CI 7.75–10.85, P = 3.7 × 10−146), and strengthened in SjD positive for both SSA/SSB antibodies (OR 13.67, 95% CI 10.88–17.32, P = 4.6 × 10−108). High PRS classified SSA/SSB antibody-positive SjD with very good accuracy (AUC 0.86). PRS without HLA showed a weaker association with SSA/SSB positive SjD (OR 2.09, 95% CI 1.71–2.55, P = 6.4 × 10−13). Antibody negative SjD displayed a PRS similar to controls. Patients in the high PRS quartile were significantly younger at diagnosis, 48.9 ± 14.9 vs 53.4 ± 13.4 years in the low PRS quartiles (Q1–3), P = 2.2 × 10−6, and presented higher frequencies of ANA, SSA and SSA/SSB antibodies, P &lt; 1 × 10−5.

Conclusion
A high PRS is associated with SSA/SSB antibody positivity and early disease onset, both largely attributed to the weight of the HLA alleles. Integration of PRS with other biomarkers applied to clinical phenotypes could be a useful tool for disease risk stratification and treatment decisions.
Beyond continuous positive airway pressure for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Healy William J , Kundel Vaishnavi , Taub Pam R , Cho Yeilim , Healy Sara J , Kwon Younghoon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
An accumulating body of evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between sleep and cardiovascular (CV) health. A high level of evidence has linked obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Accordingly, clinical sleep medicine emphasizes the diagnosis and treatment of OSA in the context of promoting CV health. While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), the mainstay treatment for OSA, is effective in improving several sleep-related quality-of-life outcomes and leads to modest reductions in blood pressure, there is currently insufficient evidence to justify using CPAP alone for improving CVD outcomes in OSA. Sleep physicians are uniquely positioned to expand their focus beyond the evaluation of OSA and administering CPAP, in efforts to enhance the CV health of sleep patients. Herein, we suggest the role of sleep physicians as CV preventionists. Key focus areas for managing CV risk beyond CPAP therapy in OSA include identifying comorbid disorders that are vital for optimizing CV health. This involves risk-stratifying patients and providing appropriate counseling, referrals, and treatment as appropriate for comorbid sleep conditions such as insomnia and insufficient sleep, comorbid CV risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, as well as counseling for weight management programs, smoking, and alcohol cessation. We urge sleep clinicians to play an active and integral role in optimizing the CV health of patients with sleep disorders.
Individual and clinical factors associated with patient acceptance of referrals to social services and community resources at a multi-purpose resource hub
Authors: Green Gabrielle , Flores Roxana , Barragan Noel C , Gonzalez Karla , Kuo Tony 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that bi-directional communication and referral pathways, when employed strategically, can lead to favorable health outcomes by connecting patients with complex, multi-faceted health and social needs to appropriate services and resources. However, despite these benefits, patient acceptance of referrals via these pathways remains suboptimal. In this study, we describe individual and clinical factors associated with patient acceptance of these referrals. We extracted individual-level demographic and clinical data for patients referred primarily from a large safety-net health system to a multi-purpose resource hub co-located on the campus of its largest hospital, for the period October 2019 to June 2023. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square analyses, and multinomial regression modeling were performed to examine these data. Of 1865 patients in the study sample, 54.2% accepted a referral, 27.4% were lost to follow-up, and 18.4% declined. Most patients who accepted referrals were female (67.1%), Latino (81.5%), and had hypertension and/or prediabetes or diabetes (84.1%). In modeling analyses, those who accepted referrals tended to be female, and were referred from primary care clinics; many were referred for multiple service/resource categories. We found associations between patient acceptance of referrals and gender and source of referral. Drawing upon these results as well as experience implementing these systems, we propose several practical strategies for increasing successful referrals, including identifying and addressing barriers for patients who declined or were lost to follow-up; using standardized screening tools to routinely assess for multi-faceted health and social needs; increasing provider awareness about the benefits and functioning of these pathways; and monitoring progress so mid-course adjustments can be made when necessary.
Implementation of the RQI System: Baseline Skills and Self-Report Competence and Confidence Data From 12 NLN Inaugural Change Agent Nursing Programs
Authors: Kardong-Edgren Suzan , Nikitas Donna , Gavin Elizabeth , DiGregorio Heiddy , O'Keefe Dama , Opsahl Angela G. , Sharpnack Patricia A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

AIM
This article describes the implementation, baseline cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills, and competence and confidence in skills of participants in 12 nursing programs piloting the Resuscitation Quality Improvement (RQI) program. Of 1,847 participants, 175 had not previously completed a CPR course.

METHOD
Schools could choose the sequence for completing baselines skills and required e-learning modules. For baseline skills, participants did 60 compressions and 12 continuous ventilations with RQI feedback turned off. Self-report competence and confidence in CPR skills data were collected.

RESULTS
Forty-five percent of participants achieved passing scores on adult ventilations and compressions; 31 percent achieved passing scores on infant compressions, and 34 percent on ventilations. Forty-five percent were confident in their adult CPR skills; 32 percent were confident in their infant CPR skills.

CONCLUSION
Nursing students and faculty, regardless of previous health care experience or CPR courses, need more frequent opportunities for CPR skill practice and assessment.
Effectiveness of Simulation Best Practices in Nurse Practitioner Education
Authors: Hobbs Jill Roberts , Wilson Kimberly Ellison 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nurse educators are challenged to implement simulation best practices (SBP) in advanced practice curricula. Prebriefing and debriefing were implemented in a nurse practitioner course using software-generated asynchronous virtual simulation. A pretest-posttest design was used to evaluate simulation scores and debriefing experience in a convenience sample of 36 students. Scores were statistically higher in the prebriefing group. Debriefing experience scale scores increased on the posttest with four items showing statistical significance. Results of the study provide support for implementation of SBP with prebriefing in online graduate-level nursing education.