bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Biomarkers for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Liver Diseases: How Laudable are These Tools?
Authors: Singh Ankita , Ranjan Vipul , Das Rina , Bhatti Karun , Mehta Dinesh Kumar , Chidurala Ram Mohan 
Published: November 2020

:
Innumerable reasons have been reported that affect and infect the liver and cause liver
diseases. The evaluation and follow-up of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis have been traditionally performed
by liver biopsy. However, it has become evident that this once defined as “gold-standard”
is now not the best method as it involves many limitations. Attempts to reveal non-invasive diagnostic
tools have generated serum biomarkers, multiple scores, formulae, and imaging modalities.
All are better tolerated, safer, more acceptable to the patient, and are less expensive than a liver
biopsy. Biomarkers have various advantages like minimally invasive, easy to apply with great availability
and easier reproducibility, useful for monitoring therapy and less expensive. But then, direct
biomarkers involved in extracellular matrix turnover need further validation in different geographic
population and indirect biomarkers may not predict early pathophysiological changes in liver
parenchyma. The accuracy and diagnostic value of most, if not all, of these biomarkers remain controversial.
Hence, there is a need for a biomarker that is specific for the liver and can identify the
magnitude of the clinical outcome of the disease.

:
In this review, we discuss the clinical utility, limitations, and development of noninvasive biomarkers
in their use as diagnostic and prognostic tests and analyze whether the present known serum biomarkers
are laudable and accurate tools for the diagnosis of liver diseases.
Incredible Edible Selenium Nanoparticles Produced by Food-Grade Microorganisms
Authors: Ghanem Arwa Al. , Nasim Muhammad Jawad , Alnahas Faez , Ney Yannick , Weiss Agnes-Valencia , Koch Marcus , Schneider Marc , Jacob Claus 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Microorganisms commonly employed in food industry, such as Lactobacillus
plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are also excellent natural nanotechnologists. They
reduce selenite (SeO3
2-) to form nanoparticles of red selenium (Se) of exceptional quality and with
interesting physical and (bio-)chemical properties.

Objectives:
The production of these nanoparticles has been studied in several relevant microorganisms
to gain a better picture of the overall properties and quality of these particles, possible differences
between producers, ease of production and, in particular, biological activity.

Methods:
Several common microorganisms, namely L. plantarum, S. cerevisiae and E. coli have
been cultured under standard conditions and 1 mM concentrations of SeO2 have been converted into
red particles of elemental selenium. These particles are characterized extensively with respect to
uniformity, size, shape, consistency and, in particular, biological activity against infectious microbes.

Results:
Highly uniform amorphous spherical particles of 100 nm to 200 nm in diameter could be
produced by several microorganisms, including Lactobacillus. Although originating in bacteria and
yeast, these particles exhibit antimicrobial activity when employed at concentrations of around 100
μM. This activity may in part be due to the inherent chemistry of selenium and /or of the protein
coating of the particles. Interestingly, yeast also forms larger rod-like structures. These micro-needles
with around 85 nm in diameter and up to 3 μm in length exhibit considerable antibacterial activity,
possibly resulting from additional, physical interactions with cellular structures.

Conclusion:
Common microorganisms traditionally employed in the preparation of food produce
nanoparticles of selenium which may be harvested and explored as natural antimicrobial agents or
antioxidants. These particles provide a fine example of natural nanotechnology with biological activity
and applications in the food and food supplementation, medicine, agriculture and cosmetics.
A Cognitive-Based Board Game With Augmented Reality for Older Adults: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Chen Yen-Fu , Janicki Sylvia 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundOlder adults in Taiwan are advised to adopt regular physical and social activities for the maintenance of their cognitive and physical health. Games offer a means of engaging older individuals in these activities. For this study, a collaborative cognitive-based board game, Nostalgic Seekers, was designed and developed with augmented reality technology to support cognitive engagement in older adults.ObjectiveA user study of the board game was conducted to understand how the game facilitates communication, problem solving, and emotional response in older players and whether augmented reality is a suitable technology in game design for these players.MethodsA total of 23 participants aged 50 to 59 years were recruited to play and evaluate the game. In each session, participants’ interactions were observed and recorded, then analyzed through Bales’ interaction process analysis. Following each session, participants were interviewed to provide feedback on their experience.ResultsThe quantitative analysis results showed that the participants engaged in task-oriented communication more frequently than social-emotional communication during the game. In particular, there was a high number of answers relative to questions. The analysis also showed a significant positive correlation between task-oriented acts and the game score. Qualitative analysis indicated that participants found the experience of playing the game enjoyable, nostalgic objects triggered positive emotional responses, and augmented reality technology was widely accepted by participants and provided effective engagement in the game.ConclusionsNostalgic Seekers provided cognitive exercise and social engagement to players and demonstrated the positive potential of integrating augmented reality technology into cognitive-based games for older adults. Future game designs could explore strategies for regular and continuous engagement.
Аssessment of social risk factors of tuberculosis contamination in HIV-infected people according to epidemiological survey of epidemic foci
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Tukacheva O. V. , Kokorina M. V. , Мenshikova M. G. 
Published: November 2020

Objective. Assessment of tuberculosis (TB) infection conditions for HIV-infected people.Materials and methods. Еpidemiological survey of 38 epidemic foci of HIV-associated tuberculosis, 28 foci of tuberculosis without HIV infection and 20 foci in which the diagnosis of tuberculosis wasn`t conﬁrmed (control-group) were conducted.Results and its discussion. As it turns out that in the most cases of the development of HIV-associated TB, the primary diagnosis of HIV infection preceded the primary diagnosis of tuberculosis. According to the results of the case-control analytical epidemiological study, such risk factors of HIV-infected tuberculosis as lack of family, higher education and regular job, the fact of deprivation of liberty and drug users (as a reﬂection of the low social status of patients), as well as contact with tuberculosis patient were identiﬁed. Risk factors for mycobacteria infection in people without HIV infection were only the lack of family and contact with tuberculosis patients.
Аntiretroviral therapy for HIV in clinical practice
Authors: Lukashova L. V. , Deev I. A. , Kulikov Ye. S. , Plotnikova Yu. K. , Skudarnov S. E. , Chernova O. Je. , Abdullova N. F. , Chernov A. S. , Dmitriev S. V. , Pimenov I. D. , Remeeva Ye. V. , Filatova Ye. N. , Tagina Ye. K. , Tyufilin D. S. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: this study aims to analyze the use of antiretroviral therapy and its efficacy in HIV-infected patients in 5 regions of Russian Federation.Materials and methods: the research protocol included a retrospective analysis of the regional Centers for the Prevention and Control of AIDS registers and medical records of patients. Inclusion criteria were a veriﬁed diagnosis of HIV infection. The ﬁrst group included patients (n=1161) receiving antiretroviral therapy regimens at the latest by 01/01/2015, the second group included patients with no antiretroviral therapy before 01/01/2015 (n=1366). The groups were compared with each other by socio-demographic indicators and characteristics of HIV infection, including infection routes, stage of the disease and its natural course.Results: Group I showed a higher prevalence of patients with an undetectable viral load (60,7%) comparing to group II (p<0,05) where a low (70,9%) and high (8,5%) viral load was observed. There was a dynamic decrease in patients’ numbers with severe immunodeﬁciency by 12.6% and an increase in the average amount of CD4+ in group I.
Cash management practice, SACCO size and Kenya’s deposit taking saving and credit co-operatives financial sustainability
Authors: Maina Justus Nderitu , Kiai Richard Muthii , Kyalo Teresia Ngina 
Published: November 2020

Deposit taking Savings and Credit Co-operatives (SACCO) are solution to social dilemmas like abject poverty, living standards and unemployment. Nevertheless, 14 percent do not maintain sound cash management practices despite SACCOs oversight authority in Kenya offering guidelines and supervision to the enterprises that would assist in maintaining their financial sustainability. This necessitated for the evaluation of the moderating effect of SACCO size on cash management practice and financial sustainability. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design with a positivism philosophical paradigm was adopted. Emailed questionnaire and data collection sheet were used in data collection which registered a 95 percent response rate. A binary logistic regression results established that with presence of a moderator for the predictor sub-variables, the strength of the relationship between variables registered an insignificant change but with introduction of interaction term, the strength of relationship between variables changed. The study concluded that SACCO size portrayed a statistically significant moderating effect on predictor sub-variables and response variable. The study thus recommends that the management need to consider increasing their SACCO sizes through merging, acquiring the non-performing SACCOs or even conducting intensive marketing since large size SACCO have low chances of being financially unsustainable
Deixis Analysis in the Song Lyrics “Someone Like You” by Adele
Authors: Herdiyanti Tia Tia 
Published: November 2020

This study is to find out the used of three types deixis on the song lyrics“Someone Like You” by Adele. The writer used qualitative method. The researcher used document analysis as the instrument in this study. For analysis the data, the writer used three steps, there are data reduction, data display, and data verification. The results of this study showed that two types of deixis (Levinson, 1983) namely: personal deixis and temporal deixis appeared in the song “Someone Like You” by Adele. From the findings, the writer found twenty eight personal deixis and two temporal deixis. The results in this study concluded that deixis analysis on this song, the most data obtained is personal deixis which consists 28 words compared to temporal deixis which consists two words. Keywords: linguistics, pragmatics, deixis.
Differences in Physiological Responses to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults With and Without Type 1 Diabetes: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Eckstein Max L. , Farinha Juliano Boufleur , McCarthy Olivia , West Daniel J. , Yardley Jane E. , Bally Lia , Zueger Thomas , Stettler Christoph , Boff Winston , Reischak-Oliveira Alvaro , Riddell Michael C. , Zaharieva Dessi P. , Pieber Thomas R. , Müller Alexander , Birnbaumer Philipp , Aziz Faisal , Brugnara Laura , Haahr Hanne , Zijlstra Eric , Heise Tim , Sourij Harald , Roden Michael , Hofmann Peter , Bracken Richard M. , Pesta Dominik , Moser Othmar 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE
To investigate physiological responses to cardiopulmonary exercise (CPX) testing in adults with type 1 diabetes compared with age-, sex-, and BMI-matched control participants without type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We compared results from CPX tests on a cycle ergometer in individuals with type 1 diabetes and control participants without type 1 diabetes. Parameters were peak and threshold variables of VO2, heart rate, and power output. Differences between groups were investigated through restricted maximum likelihood modeling and post hoc tests. Differences between groups were explained by stepwise linear regressions (P &lt; 0.05).

RESULTS
Among 303 individuals with type 1 diabetes (age 33 [interquartile range 22; 43] years, 93 females, BMI 23.6 [22; 26] kg/m2, HbA1c 6.9% [6.2; 7.7%] [52 (44; 61) mmol/mol]), VO2peak (32.55 [26.49; 38.72] vs. 42.67 ± 10.44 mL/kg/min), peak heart rate (179 [170; 187] vs. 184 [175; 191] beats/min), and peak power (216 [171; 253] vs. 245 [200; 300] W) were lower compared with 308 control participants without type 1 diabetes (all P &lt; 0.001). Individuals with type 1 diabetes displayed an impaired degree and direction of the heart rate-to-performance curve compared with control participants without type 1 diabetes (0.07 [−0.75; 1.09] vs. 0.66 [−0.28; 1.45]; P &lt; 0.001). None of the exercise physiological responses were associated with HbA1c in individuals with type 1 diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
Individuals with type 1 diabetes show altered responses to CPX testing, which cannot be explained by HbA1c. Intriguingly, the participants in our cohort were people with recent-onset type 1 diabetes; heart rate dynamics were altered during CPX testing.
PENGARUH KREATIVITAS BELAJAR DAN SOFT SKILL MAHASISWA TERHADAP KESIAPAN KERJA MAHASISWA PENDIDIKAN BISNIS 2016
Authors: Hulu Fikranlim 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kreativitas belajar dan soft skill mahasiswa terhadap kesiapan kerja. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan dengan populasi seluruh mahasiswa Pendidikan Bisnis 2016 dan sampel berjumlah 96 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara pengaruh kreativitas belajar dan soft skill mahsiswa terhadap kesiapan kerja mahasiswa Pendidikan Bisnis 2016 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan dengan hasil analisis regresi linier berganda diperoleh persamaan garis linear Y=26,578+0,310X1+0,422X2. Hasil uji t thitung > ttabel untuk variabel kreativitas belajar dan t thitung > ttabel untuk variabel soft skill dan uji f simultan fhitung > ftabel. Kata kunci : Kreativitas Belajar, Soft Skill, Kesiapan Kerja
Rectus sheath hematoma after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: two cases
Authors: Nuraydin Ozlem 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Rectus sheath hematoma (RSH) results from the accumulation of blood in the rectus sheath. It is often self-limiting but might be fatal sometimes. The aim of this study was to present two patients with RSH post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) who were managed expectantly with a long length of stay and blood transfusion.

Case Presentation:
Two females (47 and 52 years old) had undergone LC and developed RSH on postoperative days 1 and 3, respectively. Both were anemic and slightly tachycardic, with no other abnormalities. RSH was diagnosed in both cases with sizes 5.52 × 3.62 cm and 2.7 × 1.4 cm, respectively, shown on ultrasonography and CT scan of abdomen. The patients were treated conservatively, with blood transfusion. The patients were then discharged.

Conclusion:
RSH might develop post-LC; hence, surgeons should assess the patient’s complaints, labs, and physical examination to find RSH.
Drawing a Line between Hope and Accountability: Midwives’ Response to a “Psychosocial Antenatal Care” Pilot Project in Gauteng, South Africa
Authors: Mathibe-Neke Johanna , Makobe Kgomotso 
Published: November 2020

Psychosocial care during pregnancy is embedded in women-centred care, and the improvement of quality care based on compassion has become a top priority for healthcare providers. Compassion is a deep feeling of connecting to human beings’ suffering, a moral response that leads to patient care with comfort. Such caring is skilful and worthy, respects the dignity of individuals and is intertwined with professional competency. The purpose of the pilot project was to raise the midwives’ awareness of the importance of psychosocial care during pregnancy, to assess the use of the psychosocial assessment tool, to fill the gap between routine physical antenatal care and psychosocial care, and to enhance the use of psychosocial services. An exploratory and descriptive study design was applied. The study population consisted of 34 midwives who participated in the implementation of the assessment tool in the 12 participating health facilities in Gauteng, South Africa. The data collection was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 consisted of a self-administered questionnaire to establish competency when using the assessment tool. Phase 2 consisted of focus group discussions. The four main themes that emerged were the importance of psychosocial risk assessments, experiences of the implementation of the assessment tool, challenges and barriers, and identified risk factors. The results reflected the midwives’ ability and willingness to implement the tool as part of their accountability, despite the challenges experienced. Moreover, the midwives hoped that the tool will be incorporated as part of routine antenatal care.
Hubungan Psychological Capital dengan Coping Stress pada Mahasiswa yang Bekerja
Authors: Subandy Kezia , Jatmika Devi 
Published: November 2020

<p>Kuliah sambil bekerja bukanlah hal yang mudah dan memiliki keterbatasan dan dapat menimbulkan stres atau tekanan ketika melakukan kuliah sambil bekerja. Dalam melakukan kedua hal ini tampaknya mahasiswa memerlukan suatu kondisi psikologis positif. Kondisi psikologis positif ini disebut sebagai Psychological Capital. Ketika seseorang mengalami masalah yang cukup kompleks dan menimbulkan stres, psychological capital membantu untuk mengatasi tekanan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat hubungan antara psychological capital dengan coping stress yang pada mahasiswa yang kuliah sambil bekerja. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh mahasiswa yang kuliah sambil bekerja di Jakarta. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 387 dengan teknik sampling cluster sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuisioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif signifikan kuat antara psychological capital dengan coping stress pada mahasiswa yang kuliah sambil bekerja dengan nilai r = 0,613. Saran untuk mahasiswa dengan tetap menjaga keyakinan, harapan, rasa optimis, dan adanya ketahanan ketika melakukan kuliah sambil bekerja agar tetap dapat mengatasi dan melalui masalah yang ada ketika melakukan kuliah dan bekerja.</p>
The hedonistic sustainability concept in the works of Bjarke Ingels
Authors: Estika Nita Dwi , Kusuma Yudhistira , Prameswari Dewi Retno , Sudradjat Iwan 
Published: November 2020

Contemporary architects highlight past ideas and present new manifestos often perceived as utopian. Bjarke Ingels introduced hedonistic sustainability in response to the demand for environmentally friendly and sustainable living through different perspectives. This paper comprehensively explains the concept of hedonistic sustainability through the designs of Bjarke Ingels, a contemporary architect. Literature from various sources is examined to describe Bjarke Ingels' idea. Hedonistic sustainability combines sustainable ideas, fun, and community. Bjarke Ingels's architectural design is applied through simulation and an ironic approach. Its representation facilitates the exploration of the design objects planned concretely. The idea of playful and communality was raised through the design that accommodates various user activities. Bjarke Ingels's idea is expected to contribute to the knowledge and contemporary architecture design process in Indonesia.
© 2020 Nita Dwi Estika, Yudhistira Kusuma, Dewi Retno Prameswari, Iwan Sudradjat
Evaluation of Yield and Yield Components of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Genotypes in the Terai Region of Nepal
Authors: Prasad Gotame Tek , Poudel Sujata , Lal Shrestha Surendra , Shrestha Jiban 
Published: November 2020

The productivity of eggplant in Nepal is very low due to lack of high yielding, disease and pests resistant varieties. Eight eggplant genotypes [Parwanipur Selection -1 (PS-1), Pusa Purple Long (PPL), Pokhara Lurki, Lalgulab, Pusa Kranti, Arka Keshav, HRDBRI-012 and HRDBRI-013] were evaluated at on-station research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara, and PS -1, PPL, Pokhara Lurki, Lalgulab, Pusa Kranti, and Arka Keshav were evaluated at farmers’ field, Bara and Parsa districts from 2018 to 2019. Results of the on-station experiment showed that genotype PS-1 was the earliest maturing genotype and was harvested at 56 days after transplanting. The number of fruits per plot (9 m2 area) was 189 in Arka Keshav followed by HRDBRI012 (180) and PS-1 (179). The number of marketable fruits per plot (9 m2) was highest in Lalgulab (166) followed by PS-1 (152). The biggest fruit size was recorded in PS-1 (130 g) followed by Pusa Kranti (121 g) and PPL (108 g). The fruit yield was recorded the highest in PS-1 (25.8 mt/ha). The genotype PS-1 was found more resistant to Fusarium wilt and shoot and fruit borer followed by PPL. In farmers field, the highest marketable fruits per plot were produced from PPL followed by Pusa Kranti and PS-1. Similarly, the highest yield and marketable yield were also recorded in PS-1 followed by Pusa Kranti. The genotypes PS-1 and PPL were superior in terms of yield and resistance to disease and pests. Therefore, they could be a promising genotypes for central Terai region of Nepal.
The Unusual Reddish-Bloom Appearance in a Freshwater Fishpond at Kingolwira National Fish Farming Center, Morogoro, Tanzania
Authors: N. Kimambo Offoro , R. Gumbo Jabulani , A.M Msagati Titus , Chikoore Hector 
Published: November 2020

The study aimed to examines a case of what constituted the uncommonly reddish-bloom appearance in the fishponds during the dry season (September 2018) at Kingolwira National Fish Farming Center located in Morogoro, Tanzania. The study used a benchtop FlowCAM® to investigate species' morphology. One-time assessment of physico-chemical characteristics during the event was performed from the reddish and non-reddish fishponds. Images were compared with the available literature, but also t-test statistics were performed to examine the difference between the fishponds. The results show that the fishponds were significantly (p<0.05) different from each other in terms of physico-chemical parameters except for water temperatures. Furthermore, Microcystis species dominated the non-reddish fishpond whereas Euglenophytes species were pervasive in the reddish fishpond. The two species have the potential to produce secondary metabolites (toxins) or to produce a hypoxia condition that is harmful to the fishery, aquatic ecology, and human. To confirm toxicity nature and dynamics further, future studies should consider extensive and regular diurnal and long-term monitoring.