bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of cerebral reserve assessed using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in determining the rehabilitation potential of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Kulesh A. A. , Drobakha V. E. , Sobyanin K. V. , Kulikova S. P. , Bykova A. Yu. , Kaileva N. A. , Monak A. A. , Shardakov I. N. , Shestakov V. V. 
Published: November 2019

Fractional anisotropy (FA) estimated using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is considered as a promising biomarker in ischemic stroke (IS). The basis of this study is the assumption that the assessment of FA indices for different white matter tracts will be able to predict the main aspects of the rehabilitation potential even without determining the structural and functional bases of these influences.Objective: to study the diagnostic significance of changes in FA indices to assess various aspects of the rehabilitation potential in acute IS.Patients and methods. Examinations were made in 100 patients with IS and in 10 individuals without stroke and cognitive impairment. All the patients underwent dMRI and assessments of rehabilitation potential indicators on days 3 and 10 of the disease and at discharge.Results and discussion. The indices of FA of the ipsilateral upper longitudinal and cingulum bundles, FA and the size of an infarct focus, asymmetry of FA of the cingulum bundle (rFA), corticospinal tract (at the level of the knee of the internal capsule and bridge) and the anterior limb of the internal capsule, as well as the FA of the splenium and knee of the internal capsule of the intact hemisphere are of the most value for the functional outcome of acute IS. The microstructure of these zones determines the state of most rehabilitation domains. With respect to global outcome, the integrity of the associative tracts of the affected hemisphere is more valuable than the microstructure of the intact hemisphere and rFA. The tracts of the intact hemisphere are of particular importance for the restoration of complex rehabilitation spheres, such as cognitive status and daily living and social skills, which is necessary to ensure patient independence.Conclusion. The FA indices of the tracts under study seem to be a clinically acceptable biomarker of various aspects of the rehabilitation potential in acute IS.
Back pain and osteoporosis
Authors: Isaikin A. I. , Isaikina O. Yu. , Shadyzheva T. I. , Shor Yu. M. , Kachanovsky M. S. 
Published: November 2019

The aging process is accompanied by a structural change and a decrease in the functional activity of organs and tissues, including the bone, with the development of osteoporosis (OP).Objective: to assess the characteristics of pain syndrome in OP patients with nonspecific chronic vertebrogenic lumbar ischialgia (CLI).Patients and methods. Sixty elderly patients with CLI in the presence and absence of OP were examined. All the patients underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and ultrasound to diagnose the degree of OP and spinal deformity; a flexible rod was used according to the method described by M.A. Kathleen to estimate the angle of kyphosis, lordosis, and scoliosis. The investigators determined pain intensity by a numerical rating scale, the presence of a neuropathic pain component by the DN4 pain scale, the level of anxiety and depression by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, cognitive status by the Montreal Cognitive Function Rating Scale, the degree of disability by the Oswestry questionnaire, and quality of life by the SF-12 Health Survey.Results and discussion. Our study showed that OP alone is not a cause of CLI in elderly patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the sources and intensity of pain, the degree of anxiety and depressive disorders, impaired quality of life, cognitive status, and degree of disability in patients with chronic lumbar pain syndrome in the presence and absence of OP. Vertebral deformity resulting from OP leads mainly to an obvious poor posture with an increase in thoracic kyphosis, straightening of lumbar lordosis, and S-curve lumbar and thoracic scoliosis, which can also cause secondary muscle spasm.Patients with back pain in the presence of OP are treated in accordance with the general principles of management of patients with non-specific back pain, but taking into account the underlying disease. The paper presents current recommendations for the treatment of nonspecific back pain, for the management of patients with OP, as well as the updated clinical recommendations for the prevention of fractures in OP and osteopenia.Conclusion. Patients with OP are noted to have predominantly chronic musculoskeletal pain in the presence of severe spinal deformity, but the level of this evidence is very low. The features of pain syndrome in patients with nonspecific vertebrogenic chronic lumbar ischialgia in the presence of OP call for further investigations.
A Study on Transient Electromagnetic Interpretation Method Based on the Seismic Wave Impedance Inversion Model
Authors: Yaoning Liu , Shucai Liu , Maofei Li , Xinming Liu , Weihong Guo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A comprehensive transient electromagnetic interpretation method based on seismic wave impedance inversion has been proposed according to the advantages of seismic and transient electromagnetic exploration methods to mitigate of hidden water inrush disasters in coalmines. Combined seismic wave impedance inversion results and resistivity logging data, the method was used to establish a geo-electric model. The stratigraphic horizon and the stratigraphic electrical characteristics were determined by the wave impedance inversion data and the resistivity logging data respectively. Furthermore, the structure and water-bearing property in the stratum were estimated by the analysis of the difference between the measured transient electromagnetic data and the calculated data from the forward model. The numerical calculation of the fault-containing model shows that the comprehensive interpretation method could determine the water-bearing capability of the fault as well as it tendency. An advantage of this new method is the effective avoidance of the influence of low-impedance overburden on the data interpretation. The practical application can accurately explain the location and the water-bearing property of the disaster-causing factors of the hidden water inrush in the coalmines.
Discourses about language and literacy education in Portugal: past and present
Authors: Keating Clara 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article presents a historical analysis of discourses about language and literacy that have emerged during different periods in the political and cultural history of Portugal. It covers six periods, from the colonial era to the present, and it considers different geopolitical spaces, including the Portuguese mainland, the Atlantic archipelagos, former Portuguese colonies and diasporic spaces created as a result of emigration from Portugal. The article traces three kinds of discursive shift: (1) shifts in discourses in Portuguese society regarding the goals of language and literacy education, along with associated discourses about appropriate language and literacy pedagogies; (2) shifts in discourses about the specific nature and significance of literacy in Portuguese; and (3) shifts in discourses about the value and symbolic power of standardized forms of spoken and written Portuguese. It shows how each historical period has been characterized by distinctive political and ideological currents which have, in turn, shaped and re-shaped ways of thinking about the role of language and literacy education in the definition of citizenship and national identity, in the construction of heritage, in the creation of a “modern” democratic state and, more recently, in the retooling of human resources to create a flexible labour force.
Opening up ideological spaces for multilingual literacies at the margins of the Portuguese education system? Ethnographic insights from a Russian complementary school
Authors: Solovova Olga 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEastern European migration to Portugal is a relatively recent yet significant phenomenon due to its impact on national legislation and discourses about language, citizenship and identity. Along with other migration movements to Portugal, it has also brought about changes in state policies. The monolingual order within the Portuguese education system has been reinforced through the adoption of the notion of ‘Portuguese as a non-native language’ and the creation of different categories of speakers of ‘other’ languages. While these discourses predominate within the national educational system, other discursive spaces (such as complementary schools and playgroups) are being constructed, on the margins of Portuguese society, where other languages and literacies are being learned and used, alongside Portuguese. This paper presents some insights from longitudinal ethnographic research (2004–2013) that was carried out in a complementary school for Russian-speaking children in Portugal run by their parents and grandparents. It looks into the complex ways in which literacy ideologies and practices were reproduced, contested and negotiated in this particular discursive space. It also shows how students drew on the language, literacy and semiotic resources within their communicative repertoires in different ways as they responded agentively to tasks set by the teacher. The paper concludes with reflections on the potential of the complementary school as a “safe space” for fostering flexible multilingual pedagogies.
Quantifying geographical variation in acceptability judgments in regional American English dialect syntax
Authors: Wood Jim 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe acceptability of many syntactic constructions varies across speakers. In some, but not all cases, such interspeaker variation is due to speakers coming from different dialect regions. However, since neither dialect regions nor acceptability judgments are discrete, it is not always straightforward to determine when variation in a construction’s acceptability is geographically constrained. In this paper, I present one method of making this determination using the Gi* statistic. I apply it to a variety of syntactic constructions, including presentative datives,so don’t I,be done my homework, intensifiers likewickedandhella, anddo-support withhave yet tosentences. Each shows a different geolinguistic profile, revealing different kinds of issues that quantitative analysis can shed light on. The results show fine-grained geolinguistic differences in syntactic acceptability judgments, demonstrating that the Gi* statistic can be fruitfully applied to further our understanding of geographically-based variation in acceptability judgments.
Business, Government, Society and Science Interest in Co-Production by Relative Evaluation Using Google Trends
Authors: Puksas Andrius , Gudelis Dangis , Raišienė Agota Giedrė , Gudelienė Nomeda 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article provides the theoretical analysis of co-production phenomenon. The interests in co-production and related concepts are examined applying the methods of Google Trends statistical analysis and information visualization. The activity of business, government, society and research sectors during the last five years are compared, the trends of interest change and the balance of inter-sectoral interest in co-production is assessed. The relative evaluation of interest in co-production indicates that the situation in different sectors is not the same – the asymmetry in interest in co-production prevails. The article concludes that cooperation between public sector organizations with private sector organizations and society in providing public service as well as cooperation between scientific research, methods and technologies is developed at a different rate thus hindering breakthrough on a larger scale.
Sorbische Seelsorge und Reformation – ein überlieferungsgeschichtliches Problem illustriert am Beispiel der pfarrlichen Seelsorge in Lübben im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert
Authors: Mahling Madlena 
Published: November 2019

SummaryIn Sorbian historiography the Lutheran reformation of the early 16thcentury is seen as a starting point of Sorbian national history. It is thought that the introduction of Sorbian language into church life led to the development of Sorbian literature, a Sorbian elite and hence to a national identity. Based on research into the history of Sorbian pastoral work in Lübben, the main city of the Margraviate of Lower Lusatia, the present paper argues that the lack of pre-reformation sources about Sorbian church life and accordingly the increase of them after the reformation is primarily due to general mechanisms of source creation and preservation. In view of this, the impact of the reformation on Sorbian history needs to be evaluated with caution.
Über die Feldgleichungen in quantisierten Feldtheorien
Authors: Wentzel Gregor 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Auf Grund der Tomonagaschen mehrzeitigen Sclirödinger-Gleichung werden ver-allgemeinerte Feldgleichungen in relativistisch-invarianter Form aufgestellt und an Beispielen erläutert. Als Anwendung wird die Renormierung von Teilchen-Ruhmassen durch eine unitäre Transformation diskutiert.
Bemerkungen zum Turbulenzproblem
Authors: Heisenberg Werner 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Die verschiedenen physikalischen Gesichtspunkte, die einerseits den früheren Stabili-tätsuntersuchungen an laminaren Strömungen, andererseits der neueren statistischen Turbulenztheorie zugrunde liegen, werden miteinander verglichen und kritisch besprochen.
The Electronic Structure of Excited States of Simple Molecules
Authors: Pauling Linus 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An effort has been made to discuss the structure of excited states of diatoinic molecules in terms of valence bonds. It has been found that the predicted valence-bond structures correspond in symmetry character and internuclear distance to the observed states, but that the attempt to develop a systematic treatment of dissociation energies on this basis is only partially successful.
Strenge Theorie der Beugung elektromagnetischer Wellen an der vollkommen leitenden Kreisscheibe
Authors: Meixner Joseph 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Das Problem der Beugung elektromagnetischer Wellen an der vollkommen leiten den Kreisscheibe wird streng gelöst. Die Beugung an der kreisförmigen Öffnung in der vollkommen leitenden , unendlich ausgedehnten Ebene läßt sich vermittels einer gegebenen Verallgemeinerung des Babinetschen Prinzips auf das erste Problem zurück führen.
Theorie der Verbrennungsgeschwindigkeit in brennbaren Gemischen
Authors: Bechert Karl 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aus den Erhaltungssätzen für Masse und Impuls folgt, daß stationäre Flammenwanderung nur in zwei deutlich voneinander getrennten Geschwindigkeitsbereichen der Wandergeschwindigkeit möglich ist: Die Geschwindigkeit muß entweder kleiner sein als die obere Grenze, die in der Ungleichung (1) angegeben ist, oder größer als die untere Grenze der Ungleichung (2). Für die dazwischen liegenden Geschwindigkeiten gibt es nur instationäre Flammenwanderung. Die Arbeit behandelt stationäre Flammen mit Geschwindigkeiten im ersten Geschwindigkeitsgebiet, die sog. „Verbrennungen“. Für solche gibt der Energiesatz eine einfache Beziehung (5), mit der man z. B. beurteilen kann, ob ein Kraftstoffgemisch mit Luftüberschuß oder mit Brennstoffüberschuß brennt. Der hier referierte erste Teil der Arbeit behandelt Reaktionen, die als solche zwischen gleichen Molekülen schematisiert werden können; ein Beispiel ist die Ozonverbrennung. Durch Vernachlässigung der Diffusion läßt sich die Differentialgleichung für die Brennstoffteilchenzahl in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur auf die Form (6) einer nicht- linearen gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichung erster Ordnung bringen, in der die gesuchte Flammengeschwindigkeit ul als Parameter vorkommt, der wegen der Randbedingungen nur einen einzigen Wert haben kann. Es gelingt, durch ein einfaches Näherungsverfahren ul in geschlossener analytischer Form als Funktion der Versuchsdaten hinzuschreiben [Gl. (7)]. Das Näherungsverfahren ist auch für andere Eigenwertprobleme brauch- bar. Mit einer Methode. Dimensionsbetrachtungen allgemeiner auszunützen, als dies sonst üblich ist, kann man zeigen, daß die Diffusion, würde man sie in Rechnung setzen, die dimensionelle Abhängigkeit der Flammengeschwindigkeit von den Versuchsdaten nicht anders geben würde als Gl. (7). Der Vergleich mit den Messungen an der Ozonverbren- nung fällt befriedigend aus, ebenso der Vergleich mit anderen Erfahrungsdaten. Die hier gegebene theoretische Behandlung kommt ohne die sonst ad hoc- gemachte Annahme der Existenz einer „charakteristischen Zündtemperatur“ aus, also ohne eine Annahme, die von W. Jost als physikalisch unzulässig erwiesen ist und zu manchen Erfahrungstat- sachen in Widerspruch steht. Zum erstenmal gelingt es, die Erfahrungstatsache der ..Zündgrenzen“ theoretisch zu beschreiben, welche den Bereich von Gemischzusammensetzungen eingrenzen, in dem die Flamme wandern kann. Für die Flammendicke läßt sich eine einfache Näherungsformel angeben (12); auch hier würde die Diffusion nichts am Dimensionszusammenhang ändern. Boi den üblichen Verbrennungen liegt die Flammen- dicke in der Größenordnung von 10-2 cm.
Occupational welfare and segmentation: explaining across (and within) sectoral variation in Germany and Belgium
Authors: Frans Dorien , Doerflinger Nadja , Pulignano Valeria 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper uses a qualitative comparative case study design to examine across (and within) sectoral variation in occupational welfare outcomes (i.e. flexible working hours, occupational pensions and health and sickness benefits, fringe benefits complementing wages) for different groups of workers in food and chemical manufacturing in Germany and Belgium. Findings indicate that common national challenges can yield different occupational welfare outcomes across (and within) different sectors, which in turn affect workforce segmentation. The integration between local and sector-level power dynamics explains how, and the extent to which, negotiation on occupational welfare can entail segmentation.
Validating the Sustainability of Eco-Labeled Products Using a Triple-Bottom-Line Analysis
Authors: Ferrero Vincenzo , Raman Arvind Shankar , Haapala Karl R. , DuPont Bryony 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sustainability considerations are becoming an intrinsic part of product design and manufacturing. Today’s consumers rely on package labeling to relay useful information about the environmental, social, and economic impacts of a given product. As such, eco-labeling has become an important influence on how consumers interpret the sustainability of products. Three categories of eco-labels are theorized: Type I labels are certified by a reputable third party; Type II are eco-labels that are self-declared, potentially lacking scientific merit; and Type III eco-labels indicate the public availability of product Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) data. Regardless of the type of eco-label used, it is uncertain if eco-labeling directly reflects improved product sustainability. This research focuses on exploring if eco-labeled products are veritably more sustainable. To do this, we perform a comparative study of eco-labeled and comparable conventional products using a triple-bottom-line sustainability assessment, including environmental, economic, and social impacts. Here we show that for a selected set of products, eco-labeling does, in fact, have a positive correlation with improved sustainability. On average, eco-labeled products have a 47.7 % reduced environmental impact, reduce product lifespan costs by 48.4 %, and are subject to positive social perception. However, Type II eco-labeling shows a slight negative correlation with product sustainability and economic cost. We found only one eco-labeled product (with Type II labeling) that had an increased environmental impact over the conventional alternative. In general, the results confirm that most eco-labels are indicative of improved product sustainability. However, there is evidence that suggests that eco-labeling, though accurate, can omit truths with intention to improve marketability.
Heparan Sulfate Structure Affects Autophagy, Lifespan, Responses to Oxidative Stress, and Cell Degeneration in Drosophila parkin Mutants
Authors: Reynolds-Peterson Claire , Xu Jie , Zhao Na , Cruse Casey , Yonel Brandon , Trasorras Claire , Toyoda Hidenao , Kinoshita-Toyoda Akiko , Dobson Jennifer , Schultheis Nicholas , Jiang Mei , Selleck Scott 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process that provides cells with energy and molecular building blocks during nutritional stress. Autophagy also removes misfolded proteins and damaged organelles, a critical mechanism for cellular repair. Earlier work demonstrated that heparan sulfate proteoglycans, an abundant class of carbohydrate-modified proteins found on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix, suppress basal levels of autophagy in several cell types during development in Drosophila melanogaster. In studies reported here, we examined the capacity of heparan sulfate synthesis to influence events affected by autophagy, including lifespan, resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress, and accumulation of ubiquitin-modified proteins in the brain. Compromising heparan sulfate synthesis increased autophagy-dependent processes, evident by extended lifespan, increased resistance to ROS, and reduced accumulation of ubiquitin-modified proteins in the brains of ROS exposed adults. The capacity of altering heparan sulfate biosynthesis to protect cells from injury was also evaluated in two different models of neurodegeneration, overexpression of Presenilin and parkin mutants. Presenilin overexpression in the retina produces cell loss, and compromising heparan sulfate biosynthesis rescued retinal patterning and size abnormalities in these animals. parkin is the fly homolog of human PARK2, one of the genes responsible for juvenile onset Parkinson’s Disease. Parkin is involved in mitochondrial surveillance and compromising parkin function results in degeneration of both flight muscle and dopaminergic neurons in Drosophila. Altering heparan sulfate biosynthesis suppressed flight muscle degeneration and mitochondrial dysmorphology, indicating that activation of autophagy-mediated removal of mitochondria (mitophagy) is potentiated in these animals. These findings provide in vivo evidence that altering the levels of heparan sulfate synthesis activates autophagy and can provide protection from a variety of cellular stressors.