bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A GHASTLY RISING RATE OF PREVENTABLE PEDIATRIC BURNS: WE NEED TO ACT
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Rizwan , Rizvi Taokeer Ahmed , Munawar Muhammad Tariq , Maqbool Asad , Naqvi Shahid 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Objective: To ascertain the increase in paediatric burn admissions in our tertiary care facility. Find various causes of this trend and assess the morbidity and mortality in paediatric population, and suggest remedies.
Study Design: This is a “descriptive case series study”
Place of Study: This Study was conducted during September 2017 to August 2019 at Department of Burns & Plastic surgery.
Materials and Methods: Total number of acute burn admissions under 12 years were recorded. Subdivided this group into 0 to 2 years and 2 to 12 years. We assessed epidemiology, sex, cause of burn, mode of admission, location of incident, type of first aid given, mortality, and compared results during two equal halves of this period. We used SPSS 20 for data analysis.
Results: 504 (49.85%) were pediatric acute burn admissions. Their age ranged from 25 days to 12 years (mean 5 ±1.2 years). 152 were infants/toddlers aged 0-2 years. 270 male and 234 females. 316 were direct admissions. There were 72.43% more pediatric burn admissions. 381 were scalds, 91 flame burns, 21 electric burns and 11 chemical burns. There was 11.94% improved survival among burn patients. Two temporal peaks, largest in summer from May to Jul and second in Dec to Feb.
Conclusion: There is an increasing trend in acute pediatric burn admissions. Majority of victims did not receive proper first aid. We need to start a very aggressive campaign on print and electronic media for public education.
ALUVIÓN EN EL CHICÓN
Authors: Tecsi Conza Liset Verónica , Tupa Ramos Jhojan Rubén 
Published: December 2020

En esta investigación se indagó sobre algunas representaciones sociales contemporáneas de los pobladores de la Cuenca Chicón, quienes han construido un conocimiento colectivo en torno al desencadenamiento del aluvión del 2010, y antecedentes similares en 1679 y 1942. La perspectiva teórica de las representaciones sociales ha permitido conocer la teoría popular sobre las adjudicaciones políticas y naturales del evento así como sus efectos y acciones post desastre
What can we learn about urban air quality with regard to the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic? A case study from central Europe
Authors: Salma Imre , Vörösmarty Máté , Gyöngyösi András Zénó , Thén Wanda , Weidinger Tamás 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Motor vehicle road traffic in central Budapest was reduced by
approximately 50 % of its ordinary level for several weeks as a
consequence of various limitation measures introduced to mitigate the first
outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. The situation was utilised to
assess the real potentials of urban traffic on air quality. Concentrations of NO, NO2, CO, O3, SO2 and particulate matter (PM) mass, which are ordinarily monitored in cities for air quality considerations,
aerosol particle number size distributions, which are not rarely measured
continuously on longer runs for research purposes, and meteorological properties usually available were collected and jointly evaluated in different pandemic phases. The largest changes occurred over the severest
limitations (partial lockdown in the Restriction phase from 28 March to 17 May 2020). Concentrations of NO, NO2, CO, total particle number (N6–1000) and particles with a diameter < 100 nm declined by 68 %, 46 %, 27 %, 24 % and 28 %, respectively, in 2020 with respect to the average reference year comprising 2017–2019. Their quantification was based on both relative difference and standardised anomaly. The change rates expressed as
relative concentration difference due to relative reduction in traffic
intensity for NO, NO2, N6–1000 and CO were 0.63, 0.57, 0.40 and
0.22 (%/%), respectively. Of the pollutants which reacted in a
sensitive manner to the change in vehicle circulation, it is the NO2
that shows the most frequent exceedance of the health limits. Intentional
tranquillising of the vehicle flow has considerable potential for improving the air quality. At the same time, the concentration levels of PM10
mass, which is the most critical pollutant in many European cities including
Budapest, did not seem to be largely affected by vehicles. Concentrations of
O3 concurrently showed an increasing tendency with lower traffic, which
was explained by its complex reaction mechanism. Modelling calculations
indicated that spatial gradients of NO and NO2 within the city became
further enhanced by reduced vehicle flow.
Diurnal mesospheric tidal winds observed simultaneously by meteor radars in Costa Rica (10° N, 86° W) and Brazil (7° S, 37° W)
Authors: Buriti Ricardo A. , Hocking Wayne , Batista Paulo P. , Paulino Igo , Paulino Ana R. , Garbanzo-Salas Marcial , Clemesha Barclay , Medeiros Amauri F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. This paper presents a study of diurnal tidal winds
observed simultaneously by two meteor radars located on each side of the
Equator in the equatorial region. The radars were located in Santa Cruz, Costa Rica
(10.3∘ N, 85.6∘ W) (hereafter CR) and
São João do Cariri, Brazil (7.4∘ S, 36.5∘ W) (hereafter CA). The distance between the sites is 5800 km. Harmonic analysis
has been used to obtain amplitudes and phases (hour of peak amplitude) for
diurnal, semidiurnal and terdiurnal tides between 82 and 98 km altitude, but
in this work we concentrate on the diurnal component. The period of
observation was from April 2005 to January 2006. The results were compared
to the Global Scale Waves Model (GSWM-09). Magnitudes of zonal and meridional amplitudes from
November to January for CR were quite different from the predictions of the
model. Concerning phases, the agreement between model and radar meridional
tidal phases at each site was good, and a vertical wavelength of 24 km for
the diurnal tide was observed practically every month, although on some
occasions determination of the vertical wavelength was difficult, especially
for the zonal component, due to nonlinear phase variations with height. For
the diurnal zonal amplitude, there were notable differences between the two
sites. We attribute this site-to-site difference of the diurnal zonal
amplitude to the nonmigrating component of the tide and propose that an
anomaly was present in the troposphere in the winter (Northern Hemisphere)
of 2005–2006 which produced substantial longitudinal variation.
Reservoir evaporation in a Mediterranean climate: comparing direct methods in Alqueva Reservoir, Portugal
Authors: Rodrigues Carlos Miranda , Moreira Madalena , Guimarães Rita Cabral , Potes Miguel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Alqueva Reservoir is one of the largest artificial lakes in Europe and is a strategic water storage for public supply, irrigation, and energy generation. The reservoir is integrated within the Multipurpose Alqueva Project (MAP), which includes almost 70 reservoirs in a water-scarce region of Portugal. The MAP contributes to sustainability in southern Portugal and has an important impact on the entire country. Evaporation is the key component of water loss from the reservoirs included in the MAP. Evaporation from Alqueva Reservoir has been estimated by indirect methods or pan evaporation measurements; however, specific experimental parameters such as the pan coefficient were never evaluated. Eddy covariance measurements were performed at Alqueva Reservoir from June to September in 2014 as this time of the year provides the most representative evaporation volume losses in a Mediterranean climate. This period is also the most important period for irrigated agriculture and is, therefore, the most problematic period of the year in terms of managing the reservoir. The direct pan evaporation approach was first tested, and the results were compared to the eddy covariance evaporation measurements. The total eddy covariance (EC) evaporation measured from June to September 2014 was 450.1 mm. The mean daily EC evaporation in June, July, August, and September was 3.7, 4.0, 4.5, and 2.5 mm d−1, respectively. A pan coefficient, Kpan, multivariable function was established on a daily scale using the identified governing factors: air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and incoming solar radiation. The correlation between the modelled evaporation and the measured EC evaporation had an R2 value of 0.7. The estimated Kpan values were 0.59, 0.57, 0.57, and 0.64 in June, July, August, and September, respectively. Consequently, the daily mean reservoir evaporation (ERes) was 3.9, 4.2, 4.5, and 2.7 mm d−1 for this 4-month period and the total modelled ERes was 455.8 mm. The developed Kpan function was validated for the same period in 2017 and yielded an R2 value of 0.68. This study proposes an applicable method for calculating evaporation based on pan measurements in Alqueva Reservoir, and it can be used to support regional water management. Moreover, the methodology presented here could be applied to other reservoirs, and the developed equation could act as a first evaluation for the management of other Mediterranean reservoirs.
Importancia de la medición del nivel de servicio o Fill Rate en la logística moderna
Authors: Valencia Granados Jorge Arnoldo 
Published: December 2020

Companies need to know what their level of logistics performance is in order to drive improvement plans. Unless the logistic indicator of the Service Level is included in the analysis, it will be difficult to establish whether positive results have been obtained. Companies need to know what their level of logistics performance to be able to promote improvement plans. Unless the logistic indicator of the Service Level is included in the analysis, it will be difficult to establish whether positive results have been obtained.
Realidad Empresarial No. 10, 2020: 75-78
Dommage collatéral ou condition nécessaire à la colonisation ? Les épidémies et leur impact sur les Premières Nations dans les manuels d’histoire du Québec
Authors: Bories-Sawala Helga Elisabeth 
Published: December 2020

La présente contribution propose de retracer la représentation du choc microbien dans les manuels scolaires des différents programmes d’histoire nationale au Québec du secondaire (Histoire du Québec et du Canada, 1982-2006 ; Histoire et éducation à la citoyenneté, 2006-2017 ; Histoire du Québec et du Canada, depuis 2017) ainsi que dans deux manuels autochtones. Tout compte fait, seul un manuel cri accède à une pleine compréhension de l’impact historique crucial du choc microbien.
Association of work-time control with sickness absence due to musculoskeletal and mental disorders: An occupational cohort study
Authors: Albrecht Sophie Charlotte , Leineweber Constanze , Ojajärvi Anneli , Oksanen Tuula , Kecklund Goran , Härmä Mikko 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Work-time control is associated with lower sickness absence rates, but it remains unclear whether this association differs by type of diagnosis and sub-dimension of work-time control (control over daily hours and control over time off) and whether certain vulnerable groups benefit more from higher levels of work-time control.

Methods
Survey data from the Finnish 10-town study in 2004 were used to examine if baseline levels of work-time control were associated with register data on diagnose-specific sickness absence for 7 consecutive years (n = 22 599). Cox proportional hazard models were conducted, adjusted for age, sex, education, occupational status, shift work including nights, and physical/mental workload.

Results
During follow-up, 2,818 individuals were on sick leave (≥10 days) due to musculoskeletal disorders and 1724 due to mental disorders. Employees with high (HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.74-0.87; HR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.70-0.82, respectively) and moderate (HR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.90; HR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.79-0.91, respectively) levels of control over daily hours/control over time off had a decreased risk of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal disorders. Sub-group analyses revealed that especially workers who were older benefitted the most from higher levels of work-time control. Neither sub-dimension of work-time control was related to sickness absence due to mental disorders.

Conclusions
Over a 7-year period of follow-up, high and moderate levels of work-time control were related to lower rates of sickness absence due to musculoskeletal disorders, but not due to mental disorders.
Retrospective investigation on diagnostic process for benign asbestos pleural effusion (BAPE) using checklist
Authors: Kishimoto Takumi , Fujimoto Nobukazu , Mizuhashi Keiichi , Kozawa Satoko , Miura Motohiko 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
In Japan, benign asbestos pleural effusion (BAPE) has been eligible for industrial accident compensation since 2003 as an asbestos-related disease despite the lack of good criteria. We compiled a criteria into a checklist of essential items and for excluding other diseases inducing pleural effusion as a diagnosis process.

Method
Thoracentesis was performed in order to confirm the presence of pleural effusion at the initial diagnosis, and 105 suspected BAPE patients were retrospectively examined. We complied a checklist comprising the following diagnostic items: (a) occupational asbestos exposure; (b) confirmation of exudate of pleural effusion; (c) exclusion of pleural effusion with malignant tumors based on negative results of CEA and hyaluronic acid, and cytology of pleural effusion; (d) exclusion of rheumatic, bacterial, and tuberculous pleuritis; (d) radiological findings for exclusion of malignancies; and (e) histopathological findings based on thoracoscopy that exclude malignancies (when thoracoscopy was not performed, there was confirmation that no malignancies were present during 3-month follow-up observation). Cases that satisfied all items were defined as BAPE.

Results
Among the 105 suspected cases, there were five cases that had no occupational asbestos exposure; six cases in which transudate of on pleural effusion; one case each of rheumatoid pleuritis and tuberculous pleuritis; and five cases of pleural mesothelioma based on chest radiography and histopathological findings within 3 months after initial diagnosis. Therefore, we excluded 18 cases from the 105 candidates and determined 87 cases of BAPE.

Conclusion
We consider that six items described above are suitable for diagnosing BAPE.
Single‐molecule studies of conformational states and dynamics in the ABC importer OpuA
Authors: Tassis Konstantinos , Vietrov Ruslan , de Koning Matthijs , de Boer Marijn , Gouridis Giorgos , Cordes Thorben 
Published: December 2020

The current model of active transport via ABC importers is mostly based on structural, biochemical and genetic data. We here establish single‐molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) assays to monitor the conformational states and heterogeneity of the osmoregulatory type I ABC importer OpuA from Lactococcus lactis. We present data probing both intradomain distances that elucidate conformational changes within the substrate‐binding domain (SBD) OpuAC, and interdomain distances between SBDs or transmembrane domains. Using this methodology, we studied ligand‐binding mechanisms, as well as ATP and glycine betaine dependences of conformational changes. Our work expands the scope of smFRET investigations towards a class of so far unstudied ABC importers, and paves the way for a full understanding of their transport cycle in the future.
Impact of screening and follow‐up colonoscopy adenoma sensitivity on colorectal cancer screening outcomes in the CRC‐AIM microsimulation model
Authors: Fisher Deborah A. , Saoud Leila , Hassmiller Lich Kristen , Fendrick A. Mark , Ozbay A. Burak , Borah Bijan J. , Matney Michael , Parton Marcus , Limburg Paul J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundReal‐world data for patients with positive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening stool‐tests demonstrate that adenoma detection rates are lower when endoscopists are blinded to the stool‐test results. This suggests adenoma sensitivity may be lower for screening colonoscopy than for follow‐up to a known positive stool‐based test. Previous CRC microsimulation models assume identical sensitivities between screening and follow‐up colonoscopies after positive stool‐tests. The Colorectal Cancer and Adenoma Incidence and Mortality Microsimulation Model (CRC‐AIM) was used to explore the impact on screening outcomes when assuming different adenoma sensitivity between screening and combined follow‐up/surveillance colonoscopies.MethodsModeled screening strategies included colonoscopy every 10 years, triennial multitarget stool DNA (mt‐sDNA), or annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT) from 50 to 75 years. Outcomes were reported per 1000 individuals without diagnosed CRC at age 40. Base‐case adenoma sensitivity values were identical for screening and follow‐up/surveillance colonoscopies. Ranges of adenoma sensitivity values for colonoscopy performance were developed using different slopes of odds ratio adjustments and were designated as small, medium, or large impact scenarios.ResultsAs the differences in adenoma sensitivity for screening versus follow‐up/surveillance colonoscopies became greater, life‐years gained (LYG) and reductions in CRC‐related incidence and mortality versus no screening increased for mt‐sDNA and FIT and decreased for screening colonoscopy. The LYG relative to screening colonoscopy reached >90% with FIT in the base‐case scenario and with mt‐sDNA in a “medium impact” scenario.ConclusionsAssuming identical adenoma sensitivities for screening and follow‐up/surveillance colonoscopies underestimate the potential benefits of stool‐based screening strategies.
Analyzing non‐cancer causes of death of colorectal carcinoma patients in the US population for the years 2000–2016
Authors: Lu Lili , Ma Li , Zhang Xianbin , Susanne Mullins Christina , Linnebacher Michael 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) treatment and patient survival improved greatly. Consequently an increased incidence of non‐cancer‐related deaths is observed. This study analyzed the causes of non‐cancer death for people suffering from CRC based on the year of diagnosis, follow‐up time, and patient's age.MethodsThe data from patients diagnosed with CRC in the years 2000–2016 were taken from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database. Patients were categorized according to: death from CRC, non‐CRC cancer, and non‐cancer. Constituent ratios and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to describe the death causes distribution and relative death risks.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2016, a stable and rapid drop for the original diagnosis as death cause for CRC patients was observed (70.19% to 49.35%). This was coupled to an increase in non‐cancer‐associated death reasons (23.38% to 40.00%). The most common non‐cancer death cause was heart disease, especially for elderly patients. However, deaths from accidents and adverse effects were frequent in younger CRC patients. Patients died from septicemia more often within the first follow‐up year; however, a 6‐fold increase in death from Alzheimer's disease was found for after at least 180 months follow‐up time.The SMRs of all 25 non‐cancer death causes initially decreased in all CRC subgroups, followed by an increase with follow‐up times. Gradually decreasing SMR values were observed with increasing age of CRC patients.ConclusionsThese findings could help modify and sharpen preventive measures and clinical management and raise physician's awareness to potential non‐CRC death risk factors for CRC patients.
A huge right ventricular hydatid cyst related to tricuspid valve causing severe pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Bakr Lubna , Alnajar Somar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPreserving tricuspid valve's function is the cornerstone in surgical excision of cardiac hydatid cysts present in the right side of the heart. The perfect surgical technique may not exist. However, further studies are needed to ensure the clear path.
Axo‐axonic synapses: Diversity in neural circuit function
Authors: Cover Kara K. , Mathur Brian N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe chemical synapse is the principal form of contact between neurons of the central nervous system. These synapses are typically configured as presynaptic axon terminations onto postsynaptic dendrites or somata, giving rise to axo‐dendritic and axo‐somatic synapses, respectively. Beyond these common synapse configurations are less‐studied, non‐canonical synapse types that are prevalent throughout the brain and significantly contribute to neural circuit function. Among these are the axo‐axonic synapses, which consist of an axon terminating on another axon or axon terminal. Here, we review evidence for axo‐axonic synapse contributions to neural signaling in the mammalian nervous system and survey functional neural circuit motifs enabled by these synapses. We also detail how recent advances in microscopy, transgenics, and biological sensors may be used to identify and functionally assay axo‐axonic synapses.
Effects of energy supplements on the differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells
Authors: Su Rina , Wang Bohui , Zhang Min , Luo Yulong , Wang Debao , Zhao Lihua , Su Lin , Duan Yan , Faucitano Luigi , Jin Ye 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo investigate the effects of the activator of AMPK and high glucose on the differentiation of mouse SMSCs, primary SMSCs were isolated from mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle and grown to near confluence (80%). Postconfluent cells were cultured in a growth medium with different inductors: AICAR, glucose, and AICAR mixed with glucose. The specific protein expressions of SMSCs, myoblasts, adipocytes, and brown adipocytes were analyzed on days 0, 3, 5, 7, and 10. The results showed treatment with AICAR in SMSCs markedly activated AMPK phosphorylation (p < .05) and increased protein expression of Pax7 and MyoD (p < .05), high concentrations of intracellular glucose upregulated UCP‐1 protein expression and enhanced lipid accumulation (p < .05), the cowork of AICAR and glucose affected a decrease on MyoD, PPARg, and UCP‐1 expression (p < .05) and an increase on Pax7. The present study indicated that the certain energy supplements influence the direction of SMSC differentiation which may contribution on the structure of muscle and meat quality, sequentially.