bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Application of Ultrasound Guidance for Parametrial Treatment of Advanced Cervical Cancer
Authors: Lin Yuanqiang , Cheng Guanghui , Shi Dan , Li Hequn , Teng Dengke , Zhao Zhipeng , Mao Zhuang , Wang Hui 
Published: December 2019

ObjectivesTo evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound (US) in determining the positions of parametrial implants by comparing US with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for advanced cervical cancer.MethodsPatients undergoing brachytherapy with parametrial implantation for cervical cancer from February 2017 to February 2019 were involved in the study. The transverse section of the cervix (surface S1) and the transverse section 1 cm above the external cervix (surface S2) were selected from MRI and US images as the observation planes. In the MRI observation plane, the distances between the uterine titanium needles and the uterine tube/implanter were set as M1 to M4; in the US observation plane, the distances between the uterine titanium needles and the uterine tube/implanter were set as D1 to D4. The differences and consistency in M and D of each group were then compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences between M and D in each group (P = .058; P = .821; P = .870; and P = .936, respectively). The intraclass correlation coefficients of M and D in each group were 0.970, 0.968, 0.952, and 0.956. A regression analysis showed that the relationships between M and D in each group were as follows: M1 = 0.9449D1 + 0.1812; M2 = 0.9463D2 + 0.0965; M3 = 0.9176D3 + 0.1233; and M4 = 0.9253D4 + 0.1224.ConclusionsIn parametrial brachytherapy for cervical cancer, US can accurately determine the positions of parametrial implantation needles, which is already applicable on MRI, and can provide assistance in parametrial brachytherapy for advanced cervical cancer.
Passy muir valve tolerance in medically complex infants and children: Are there predictors for success?
Authors: Brooks Laura , Figueroa Janet , Edwards Tracy , Reeder Walter , McBrayer Sheila , Landry April 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate if there are predictors for success with Passy Muir Valve (PMV) placement for medically complex pediatric patients.MethodsRetrospective chart review of 52 pediatric patients with a tracheostomy with or without ventilator dependence who received PMV assessments from October 2017 through October 2018 in intensive care units and acute care units within Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (Atlanta, GA). Univariate analysis and logistic regression modeling were used to identify factors associated with a successful PMV trial.ResultsFactors found to be associated with a successful PMV trial were as follows: transtracheal pressure measurement, presence of voicing, age of patient >2 years, weight of patient, and ventilator rate.ConclusionMedically complex infants and children in the intensive care units and acute care units on or off the ventilator can be considered candidates for PMV use; several factors can be predictive of a successful trial.Level of Evidence2C Laryngoscope, 130:E632–E639, 2020
Porphyrin Containing Polymersomes with Enhanced ROS Generation Efficiency: In Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Kyropoulou Myrto , DiLeone Stefano , Lanzilotto Angelo , Constable Edwin C. , Housecroft Catherine E. , Meier Wolfgang P. , Palivan Cornelia G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPorphyrins are molecules possessing unique photophysical properties making them suitable for application in photodynamic therapy. The incorporation of porphyrins into natural or synthetic nano‐assemblies such as polymersomes is a strategy to improve and prolong their therapeutic capacities and to overcome their limitations as therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Here, 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(1‐(6‐ethoxy‐6‐oxohexyl)‐4‐pyridin‐1‐io)‐21H,23H‐porphyrin tetrabromide porphyrin is inserted into polymersomes in order to demonstrate that the encapsulation enhances its ability to generate highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2) upon irradiation in vitro. The photoactivation of the free and polymersome‐encapsulated porphyrin is evaluated by electron spin resonance and cell viability assays on three different mammalian cell lines. The results indicate that by encapsulating the porphyrin, a controlled ROS delivery within the cells is achieved, at the same time avoiding side effects such as dark toxicity, non‐specific porphyrin release and over time decreased activity in vitro. This work focuses on showing a not‐toxic model system for modern therapeutic nanomedicine, which works under mild irradiation and dosage conditions.
Spectral deconvolution in electrophoretic NMR to investigate the migration of neutral molecules in electrolytes
Authors: Schmidt Florian , Pugliese Andrea , Santini Catherine C. , Castiglione Franca , Schönhoff Monika 
Published: December 2019

AbstractElectrophoretic nuclear magnetic resonance (eNMR) is a powerful tool in studies of nonaqueous electrolytes, such as ionic liquids. It delivers electrophoretic mobilities of the ionic constituents and thus sheds light on ion correlations. In applications of liquid electrolytes, uncharged additives are often employed, detectable via 1H NMR. Characterizing their mobility and coordination to charged entities is desirable; however, it is often hampered by small intensities and 1H signals overlapping with major constituents of the electrolyte. In this work, we evaluate methods of phase analysis of overlapping resonances to yield electrophoretic mobilities even for minor constituents. We use phase‐sensitive spectral deconvolution via a set of Lorentz distributions for the investigation of the migration behavior of additives in two different ionic liquid‐based lithium salt electrolytes. For vinylene carbonate as an additive, no field‐induced drift is observed; thus, its coordination to the Li+ ion does not induce a correlated drift with Li+. On the other hand, in a solvate ionic liquid with tetraglyme (G4) as an additive, a correlated migration of tetraglyme with lithium as a complex solvate cation is directly proven by eNMR. The phase evaluation procedure of superimposed resonances thus broadens the applicability of eNMR to application‐relevant complex electrolyte mixtures containing neutral additives with superimposed resonances.
Fourier spectral method with an adaptive time strategy for nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation
Authors: Qu Haidong , She Zihang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a Fourier spectral method with an adaptive time step strategy is proposed to solve the fractional nonlinear Schrödinger (FNLS) equation with periodic initial value problem. First, we prove the conservation law of the mass and the energy for the semi‐discrete Fourier spectral scheme. Second, the error estimation of the semi‐discrete scheme is given in the relevant fractional Sobolev space. Then, an adaptive time‐step strategy is designed to reduce central processing unit (CPU) time. Finally, the numerical experiments for the one‐, two‐ and three‐dimensional FNLSs, show that the adaptive strategy, compared to the constant time step, can reduce the CPU‐time by almost half.
Expressions of inhibitory checkpoint molecules in acute and chronic HBV and HCV infections: Implications for therapeutic monitoring and personalized therapy
Authors: Hakim Mohamad S. , Rahmadika Nofri , Jariah Rizka O. A. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThe function of T cells is tightly controlled by positive and negative regulations to ensure both successful pathogen elimination and limitation of immune‐mediated pathology. One of the mechanisms to negatively regulate the magnitude and duration of effector T cells is the expression of inhibitory checkpoint molecules (ICs) on the surface membrane of T cells. During acute viral infections, expression of these molecules is upregulated to limit the effector functions following T‐cell activation. The expression is subsequently downregulated following viral clearance. In contrast, these molecules are continuously expressed in virus‐specific T cells found in persistently infected patients, including cases of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). The continuously high expression of ICs is responsible for the dysfunctional states of HBV‐ and HCV‐specific T cells in chronic phases, known as T‐cell exhaustion. Hence, understanding the regulation of their expression is essential to give insight into pathogenesis as well as the development of effective immune‐based antiviral therapies. This review discusses recent updated research on expression of ICs during acute and chronic phases of HBV and HCV infections as well as during the clinical course of antiviral therapy.
Output regulation by postprocessing internal models for a class of multivariable nonlinear systems
Authors: Bin Michelangelo , Marconi Lorenzo 
Published: December 2019

SummaryIn this paper we propose a new design paradigm, which employs a postprocessing internal model unit, to approach the problem of output regulation for a class of multivariable minimum‐phase nonlinear systems possessing a partial normal form. Contrary to previous approaches, the proposed regulator handles control inputs of dimension larger than the number of regulated variables, provided that a controllability assumption holds, and can employ additional measurements that need not to vanish at the ideal error‐zeroing steady state, but that can be useful for stabilization purposes or to fulfill the minimum‐phase requirement. Conditions for practical and asymptotic output regulation are given, underlying how in postprocessing schemes the design of internal models is necessarily intertwined with that of the stabilizer.
Effect of Vanadium Oxides Composition Loaded on γAl2O3 Catalyst for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propylene
Authors: Guo Jinjie , Li Xiuyan , Tang Yanhui , Zhang Juhua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe catalysts were prepared by impregnation method, and the mass fraction of vanadium on γAl2O3 was 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, respectivley (denoted as 3 V‐γAl2O3, 6 V‐γAl2O3, 9 V‐γAl2O3, 12 V‐γAl2O3 and 15 V‐γAl2O3). X‐ray diffraction(XRD), Raman spectroscopy(Raman), cyclic voltammetry(CV) and in‐situ infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) were used to study the properties of series of vanadium oxides composition loaded on γAl2O3 catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of propane to propylene. The results show that the V−O‐Al bond and the V=O bond are formed at the 3 V‐γAl2O3 and 6 V‐γAl2O3 catalysts, and the vanadium oxides are uniformly dispersed on γAl2O3. With the increasing of vanadium loading, for 9 V‐γAl2O3, 12 V‐γAl2O3 and 15 V‐γAl2O3 catalysts, except V−O‐Al and V=O bond, there was appeared V−O‐V bond, indicating the formation of V2O5 crystal supported on γAl2O3 obviously. The uniform dispersion for low vanadium loading on γAl2O3, is favorable for the selectivity of propylene, and for high vanadium loading catalysts, the V2O5 crystal will accelerate the deep oxidation of propane. At 500°C, the propylene selectivity of the 3 V‐γAl2O3 catalyst was 75.9%, and the propane conversion was 12.5%. Whereas the propylene selectivity of the 15 V‐γAl2O3 catalyst was 67.3%, and the propane conversion was 10.7%.
A Novel Evaluation Method Developed for the Denitrogenation and Deoxygenation on Molecules in Coal during Catalytic Treatments
Authors: Dong Xueming , Fan Xing , Wang Chu‐Fan , Saikia Binoy K. , Wang Rui‐Yu , Lu Yao , Bai Hong‐Cun , Wei Xian‐Yong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn‐depth understanding of coal conversion processes is a key step for clean and efficient utilization of coals in chemical industry. Currently, most analytic methods aim to evaluate heteroatom release on the entire molecules. However, the production of value‐added chemicals from complex mixtures like coals are technically demanding which inevitably requires in‐depth fundamental knowledge of the treatment processes for coals. In‐source collision‐activated dissociation (ISCAD), a mass spectrometric method, can obtain details of aromatic cores and was employed in this work to provide in‐depth understanding of the catalytic conversion process of a low‐rank coal under different solvent conditions. Different heteroatom release patterns on aromatic and alkyl locations were observed for the solvents. Each solvent exhibited a characteristic preference over deoxygenation/denitrogenation on aromatic versus alkyl positions. Such preference is important for developing a desired catalytic treatment for a targeted heteroatom release. Overall, this study provides novel insights in catalytic heteroatom release processes during coal conversion that may be critical for the production of value‐added chemicals from coals.
Silver‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Enones/α‐Iodoenones from Tertiary Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Naveen Naganaboina , Ramesh Golla , Balamurugan Rengarajan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTertiary propargyl alcohols undergo smooth Meyer‐Schuster rearrangement to give enones in the presence of silver catalyst alone at room temperature. The intermediate can be trapped using NIS to make useful tetra substituted α‐iodoenones.
Graphite‐Aligned Ni/Ni(OH)2 Nanowire‐Based Aqueous Asymmetric Supercapacitors Exhibiting Excellent Cycle Stability, High Rate Performance, and Wide Operation Voltage
Authors: Pandey Rakesh K. , Totake Yuichiro , Soh Siowling , Nakanishi Hideyuki 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe present a new design for an asymmetric supercapacitor combining a vertically aligned Ni/Ni(OH)2 nanowire array electrode and a graphite‐based electrode. The arrangement of these two electrodes in a sandwiched fashion allows the device to function at a high operating voltage window of 2.0 V in an aqueous electrolyte. A thin layer of Ni(OH)2 can be readily formed on Ni nanowires (NiNWs) to yield a Ni/Ni(OH)2 structure. The redox reaction of Ni(OH)2 formed on the surface of NiNWs was crucial in achieving improved capacitance over this wide voltage window. The modification of the graphite electrode using graphene flakes was found to provide a more stable response at high current densities. The shape of the voltammogram can be retained up to high values and thus the device can operate at very rapid charge/discharge rates at an enhanced voltage window. Furthermore, the capacitance was found to be unchanged after 10000 continuous potential cycles.
Origin of Luminescence‐Based Detection of Metal Ions by Mn–Doped ZnS Quantum Dots
Authors: Devaiah Chonamada Trupthi , Sharma Bhagwati , Nagesh Jayashree , Shibu Abhishek , Das Shyamashis , Bramhaiah Kommula , Rajendar Nasani , John Neena S. , Santra Pralay K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe health hazards associated with heavy metal ions in water demand the development of efficient and portable sensors, for rapid onsite detection of these ions. Several research groups have developed colorimetric/visual sensors based on plasmonic nanomaterials and quantum dots (QDs). Attempts for specific detection of metal ions have been partially achieved through the interaction between the metal ion and the passivating ligands around the QD. However, the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. Here, we have used water‐soluble Mn‐doped ZnS QD to effectively detect Hg2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ through the quenching of QD emission and understand the mechanism of sensing. Stern‐Volmer plots indicate that the quenching is static in nature for Pb2+, and Cd2+, while for Hg2+, it is a combination of static and dynamic quenching. Overall, the metal ions bind to the QD through the passivating ligand. After excitation, the electron from the conduction band of the QD can get injected to the metal ion – which decreases the photoluminescence of the QD. The electron injection depends on the reduction potential of the metal ion, the orbital overlap and the overall stabilization energy of the metal ions bound to the QD. Hence, this method of sensing is not selective to a specific metal ion. A solid state sensor of QD‐rGO composite detects Pb2+ down to 0.4 ppb. The findings will be important for future improvement of colorimetric/visual sensors based on QD emission.
In Situ Fabrication of Hierarchical CuO@Cu Microspheres Composed of Nanosheets as High‐Performance Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Zhimiao , Xu Yunlong , Chen Yue , Zhang Wei , Li Keqiang , Zhang Huang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTransition metal oxides have been regarded as promising anode candidates for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries. Herein, we report the fabrication of hierarchical CuO@Cu microspheres composed of nanosheets by an in‐situ oxidation process for lithium‐ion batteries. As anodes, the composite delivers a reversible specific capacity of 850 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1, and maintains at 643 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 for 600 cycles. The superior reversible capacity and cycling stability of the CuO@Cu microspheres can be attributed to their unique hierarchical structure, which not only alleviates the structural variation, shortens the ion diffusion length upon cycling, but also improves the electrical conductivity with remained metallic Cu. The presented results offer an efficient way to design hierarchical micro‐nanostructure for high‐performance anode materials in lithium‐ion batteries.
An Energy‐Efficient, Wood‐Derived Structural Material Enabled by Pore Structure Engineering towards Building Efficiency
Authors: He Shuaiming , Chen Chaoji , Li Tian , Song Jianwei , Zhao Xinpeng , Kuang Yudi , Liu Yang , Pei Yong , Hitz Emily , Kong Weiqing , Gan Wentao , Yang Bao , Yang Ronggui , Hu Liangbing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe development of high‐performance structural materials for high‐rise building applications is critical in achieving the energy conservation goal mandated by the Department of Energy (DOE). However, there is usually a trade‐off between the mechanical strength and thermal insulation properties for these materials. Here, the optimization is demonstrated of natural wood to simultaneously improve the mechanical properties and thermal insulation for energy efficient high‐rise wood buildings. The improved wood material (strong white wood) features a complete delignification followed by a partial densification process (pore structure control), which enables substantially enhanced mechanical properties (≈3.4× in tensile strength, ≈3.2× in toughness) and reduced thermal conductivity (≈44% decrease in the transverse direction). The complete delignification process removes all lignin and partial hemicellulose from the cell walls of the wood structure, leading to an all‐cellulose microstructure with numerous aligned cellulose nanofibers. The partial densification optimizes the porosity of the delignified cellulose scaffold while enhancing the effectiveness of hydrogen bonding among aligned cellulose nanofibers. The simultaneously improved mechanical and thermal insulation properties of the wood material render it highly desirable for a wide range of modern engineering applications, especially as an energy‐efficient, strong, lightweight, environmentally‐benign, scalable, and low‐cost building material.
Life events as predictors for disability pension due to musculoskeletal diagnoses: a cohort study of Finnish twins
Authors: Kärkkäinen Sanna , Silventoinen Karri , Svedberg Pia , Ropponen Annina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Musculoskeletal diagnoses (MSD) are one of the largest diagnostic groups for disability pensions (DP). This study investigated the associations between life events and DP due to MSD, considering sociodemographic, health, and familial factors.

Methods
The study sample included 18,530 Finnish twins, 24–64 years old at baseline, who responded to a questionnaire in 1981 including a 21-item life event inventory. Information on DP with diagnosis codes (ICD codes: M00–M99) were obtained from the official national pension registers. Life events were divided into family- and work-related events. “Positive change in life” was analyzed separately. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
During the follow-up of 23 years, 1273 (7%) individuals were granted DP due to MSD. In discordant pair analysis, family-related events (≥ 4 events) increased (HR 1.63, 95% CI 1.31, 2.03) and the absence of such events decreased (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48, 0.95) the risk of DP due to MSD. For work-related events (≥ 3 events), the risk estimates were non-significant when controlling for familial factors. Having had a positive change in life decreased the risk of DP due to MSD (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65, 0.96) while controlling for familial confounding, but were non-significant in the full model controlling for various covariates (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.75, 1.12).

Conclusions
The associations between life events and the risk of DP due to MSD are complex and potentially affected by familial and other confounding factors including sociodemographics and health.
Microsatellite characterisation and sex-typing in two invasive parakeet species, the monk parakeet Myiopsitta monachus and ring-necked parakeet Psittacula krameri
Authors: Dawson Pell Francesca S. E. , Hatchwell Ben J. , Ortega-Segalerva Alba , Dawson Deborah A. , Horsburgh Gavin J. , Senar Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInvasive species can have wide-ranging negative impacts, and an understanding of the process and success of invasions can be vital to determine management strategies, mitigate impacts and predict range expansions of such species. Monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) and ring-necked parakeets (Psittacula krameri) are both widespread invasive species, but there has been little research into the genetic and social structure of these two species despite the potential links with invasion success. The aim of this study was to isolate novel microsatellite loci from the monk parakeet and characterise them in both monk and ring-necked parakeets in order to facilitate future investigations into their behaviour and population ecology. Sex-typing markers were also tested in both species. Of the 20 microsatellite loci assessed in 24 unrelated monk parakeets, 16 successfully amplified and were polymorphic displaying between 2 and 14 alleles (mean = 8.06). Expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.43 to 0.93 and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.23 to 0.96. Nine of the 20 loci also successfully amplified and were polymorphic in the ring-necked parakeet, displaying between 2 and 10 alleles. Suitable markers to sex both species and a Z-linked microsatellite locus were identified. A multiplex marker set was validated for monk parakeets. These novel microsatellite loci will facilitate fine and broad-scale population genetic analyses of these two widespread invasive species.