bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating the stakeholder engagement process: A cross‐country analysis in the tourism sector
Authors: Iazzi Antonio , Pizzi Simone , Iaia Lea , Turco Mario 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStakeholder engagement (SE) is considered a best practice in sustainability reporting, as it increases companies' social legitimacy and reputation. Companies have to properly communicate the SE activities, paying attention to the social, cultural, and political factors that affect the perception of stakeholders. This is particularly relevant in the tourism sector, which is a typical multistakeholder context. In the academic literature, few studies have investigated the role of the country‐specific determinants of corporate social responsibility, and none of them adopt a cross‐country approach. The objective of this paper is to analyze the disclosure of SE, observing the content of nonfinancial reports and company websites of all companies belonging to the Global Reporting Initiative database. Cross‐country analysis confirms that European and non‐European firms approach SE activities differently. The research offers a contribution to the development and improvement of company relations with stakeholders from a value cocreation perspective, identifying the areas of interest on which firms can work to advance the SE communication process.
The Hagfeldt Donor and Use of Next‐Generation Bulky Donor Designs in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Baumann Alexandra , Curiac Christine , Delcamp Jared H. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract“The Hagfeldt donor” is a bulky triarylamine building block with four alkyl chains in a 3‐dimensional arrangement that is used with organic dyes in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs) in over 140 publications. Many of the highest performing DSC devices in literature make use of this group due to exceptional TiO2 surface protection properties, which slows recombination of electrons in TiO2 with the electrolyte. Importantly, record‐setting cobalt and copper redox shuttle‐based DSCs require exceptional surface protection to slow a facile recombination of electrons to these positively charged redox shuttles. Several syntheses have emerged for the Hagfeldt donor due to the need for iterative aryl–halide cross‐ coupling reactions complicating a straightforward route. Six synthetic strategies found in literature are described along with the challenges of each route. A recent method that has been put forward in the literature as a scalable, regioisomerically pure route is highlighted.
CD40L reverse signaling suppresses prevertebral sympathetic axon growth and tissue innervation
Authors: Calhan Osman Yipkin , Wyatt Sean , Davies Alun Millward 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCD40‐activated CD40L reverse signaling is a major physiological regulator of the growth of neural processes in the developing nervous system. Previous work on superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons of the paravertebral sympathetic chain has shown that CD40L reverse signaling enhances NGF‐promoted axon growth and tissue innervation. Here we show that CD40L reverse signaling has the opposite function in prevertebral ganglion (PVG) sympathetic neurons. During a circumscribed perinatal window of development, PVG neurons cultured from Cd40–/– mice had substantially larger, more exuberant axon arbors in the presence of NGF than PVG neurons cultured from wild‐type mice. Tissues that receive their sympathetic innervation from PVG neurons were markedly hyperinnervated in Cd40–/– mice compared with wild‐type mice. The exuberant axonal growth phenotype of cultured CD40‐deficient perinatal PVG neurons was pared back to wild‐type levels by activating CD40L reverse signaling with a CD40‐Fc chimeric protein, but not by activating CD40 forward signaling with CD40L. The co‐expression of CD40 and CD40L in PVG neurons suggests that these proteins engage in an autocrine signaling loop in these neurons. Our work shows that CD40L reverse signaling is a physiological regulator of NGF‐promoted sympathetic axon growth and tissue innervation with opposite effects in paravertebral and prevertebral neurons.
Density dependence forces divergent population growth rates and alters occupancy patterns of a central place foraging Antarctic seabird
Authors: Southwell Colin , Emmerson Louise 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDensity‐dependent regulation is an important process in spatio‐temporal population dynamics because it can alter the effects of synchronizing processes operating over large spatial scales. Most frequently, populations are regulated by density dependence when higher density leads to reduced individual fitness and population growth, but inverse density dependence can also occur when small populations are subject to higher extinction risks. We investigate whether density‐dependent regulation influences population growth for the Antarctic breeding Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae. Understanding the prevalence and nature of density dependence for this species is important because it is considered a sentinel species reflecting the impacts of fisheries and environmental change over large spatial scales in the Southern Ocean, but the presence of density dependence could introduce uncertainty in this role. Using data on population growth and indices of resource availability for seven regional Adélie penguin populations located along the East Antarctic coastline, we find compelling evidence that population growth is constrained at some locations by the amount of breeding habitat available to individuals. Locations with low breeding habitat availability had reduced population growth rates, higher overall occupancy rates, and higher occupancy of steeper slopes that are sparsely occupied or avoided at other locations. Our results are consistent with evolutionary models of avian breeding habitat selection where individuals search for high‐quality nest sites to maximize fitness returns and subsequently occupy poorer habitat as population density increases. Alternate explanations invoking competition for food were not supported by the available evidence, but strong conclusions on food‐related density dependence were constrained by the paucity of food availability data over the large spatial scales of this region. Our study highlights the importance of incorporating nonconstant conditions of species–environment relationships into predictive models of species distributions and population dynamics, and provides guidance for improved monitoring of fisheries and climate change impacts in the Southern Ocean.
Do birds help trees grow? An experimental study of the effects of land‐use intensification on avian trophic cascades
Authors: Harris Scott H. , Kormann Urs G. , Stokely Thomas D. , Verschuyl Jake , Kroll Andrew J. , Betts Matthew G. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBy regulating populations of herbivores, predators can indirectly influence plant production. However, the factors influencing the strength of this type of trophic cascade are still unclear. We hypothesized that changes to plant community structure would affect the number of avian predators, thereby mediating cascade strength. Using a 4‐yr, blocked, split‐plot experiment, we independently manipulated both predators (birds) and plants in an early seral managed forest system in western Oregon, USA, and measured abundance across three trophic levels. We applied herbicides, as a surrogate for land‐use intensification, to recently clear‐cut stands to establish an experimental gradient in plant abundance and species richness, and excluded birds using 28, 225 m2exclosures. In total, we counted and identified 94,738 arthropods of 141 families in paired control and bird exclosure plots. On average, insectivorous birds reduced arthropod abundance by 16% and plant damage by 14%, and some well‐known pests (e.g.,Adelges cooleyi) of crop trees (mostlyPseudotsuga menziesii) in our system were reduced by as much as 30%. However, this effect did not translate into a trophic cascade that increased crop‐tree growth in the presence of birds. We experimentally reduced plant abundance and diversity by 67% and 55%, respectively, in the most intensive herbicide treatment in relation to untreated controls, but reduced vegetative resources did not change the strength of the direct effect of birds on arthropods or the indirect effect of birds on plants.
High‐power microwave generation by double‐anode virtual cathode oscillator
Authors: Nagao Kazuki , Takatsu Wataru , Van Thuan Pham , Sugai Taichi , Jiang Weihua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe virtual cathode oscillator (vircator) is one of the promising devices to oscillate high‐power microwaves. Simplicity and high‐power capability are advantages. However, the low efficiency and frequency stability are serious problems. In this article, we dealt double anode to strengthen the microwave interactions. The measurement result shows that the output of the virtual cathode oscillator can be progress by using the double‐anode.
Double‐chambered right ventricle complicated by hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy diagnosed as Noonan syndrome
Authors: Yamamoto Masahiro , Takashio Seiji , Nakashima Naoya , Hanatani Shinsuke , Arima Yuichiro , Sakamoto Kenji , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Kaikita Koichi , Aoki Yoko , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present a case of double‐chambered right ventricle (DCRV) complicated by hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) in KRAS mutation‐associated Noonan syndrome. The diagnosis was incidental and made during diagnostic testing for an intradural extramedullary tumour. Spinal compression, if not surgically treated, may cause paralysis of the extremities. We decided to pursue pharmacological therapy to control biventricular obstructions and reduce the perioperative complication rate. We initiated treatment with cibenzoline and bisoprolol; the doses were titrated according to the response. After 2 weeks, the peak pressure gradient of the two RV chambers decreased from 101 to 68 mmHg, and the LV peak pressure gradient decreased from 109 to 14 mmHg. Class 1A antiarrhythmic drugs and β‐blockers decreased the severe pressure gradients of biventricular obstructions caused by DCRV and HOCM. The patient was able to undergo surgery to remove the intradural extramedullary tumour, which was diagnosed as schwannoma.
Trends in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Aissaoui Nadia , Puymirat Etienne , Delmas Clément , Ortuno Sofia , Durand Eric , Bataille Vincent , Drouet Elodie , Bonello Laurent , Bonnefoy‐Cudraz Eric , Lesmeles Gilles , Guerot Emmanuel , Schiele Francois , Simon Tabassome , Danchin Nicolas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsFew studies describe recent changes in the prevalence, management, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock (CS) patients complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the era of widespread use of invasive strategies. The aim of the present study was to analyse trends observed in CS complicating AMI over the past 10 years, focusing on the timing of CS occurrence (i.e. primary CS, CS on admission vs. secondary CS, CS developed subsequently during hospitalization).Methods and resultsThree nationwide French registries conducted and designed to evaluate AMI management and outcomes in ‘real‐life’ practice included consecutive AMI patients (n = 9951) admitted to intensive cardiovascular care units (ICCUs) over a 1‐month period, 5 years apart. The prevalence of CS complicating AMI decreased from 2005 to 2015: 5.9%, mean age 74.1 ± 12.7 in 2005; 4.0%, mean age 73.9 ± 12.7 in 2010, 2.8%, mean age 71.1 ± 15.0 in 2015 (P < 0.001). It decreased for both primary (1.8% to 1.0%) and secondary CS (4.1% to 1.8%). The profile of CS patients also changed over time with more patients presenting out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. In both primary and secondary CS, the use of percutaneous coronary intervention increased markedly over time, as did the use of mechanical ventilation and cardiac assist devices. Over the 10‐year period, in‐hospital mortality remained unchanged for both primary CS (41.8% to 37.8%) or secondary CS (57.3% to 58.8%). However, 1‐year mortality decreased in patients with primary CS (from 60% to 37.8%, P = 0.038), and remained unchanged in patients developing secondary CS (from 64.5% to 69.1%, P = 0.731).ConclusionCardiogenic shock complicating AMI has become less frequent but, if present, CS, and particularly secondary CS, carries a very high mortality, which has not substantially improved over the past 10 years, in spite of the more frequent use of invasive strategies.
Light‐chain and transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in severe aortic stenosis: prevalence, screening possibilities, and outcome
Authors: Nitsche Christian , Aschauer Stefan , Kammerlander Andreas A. , Schneider Matthias , Poschner Thomas , Duca Franz , Binder Christina , Koschutnik Matthias , Stiftinger Julian , Goliasch Georg , Siller‐Matula Jolanta , Winter Max‐Paul , Anvari‐Pirsch Anahit , Andreas Martin , Geppert Alexander , Beitzke Dietrich , Loewe Christian , Hacker Marcus , Agis Hermine , Kain Renate , Lang Irene , Bonderman Diana , Hengstenberg Christian , Mascherbauer Julia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsConcomitant cardiac amyloidosis (CA) in severe aortic stenosis (AS) is difficult to recognize, since both conditions are associated with concentric left ventricular thickening. We aimed to assess type, frequency, screening parameters, and prognostic implications of CA in AS.Methods and resultsA total of 191 consecutive AS patients (81.2 ± 7.4 years; 50.3% female) scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) were prospectively enrolled. Overall, 81.7% underwent complete assessment including echocardiography with strain analysis, electrocardiography (ECG), cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), 99mTc‐DPD scintigraphy, serum and urine free light chain measurement, and myocardial biopsy in immunoglobulin light chain (AL)‐CA. Voltage/mass ratio (VMR; Sokolow–Lyon index on ECG/left ventricular mass index) and stroke volume index (SVi) were tested as screening parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curve, binary logistic regression, and Kaplan–Meier curve analyses were performed. CA was found in 8.4% of patients (n = 16); 15 had transthyretin (TTR)‐CA and one AL‐CA. While global longitudinal strain by echo did not reliably differentiate AS from CA‐AS [area under the curve (AUC) 0.643], VMR as well as SVi showed good discriminative power (AUC 0.770 and 0.773, respectively), which was comparable to extracellular volume by CMR (AUC 0.756). Also, VMR and SVi were independently associated with CA by multivariate logistic regression analysis (P = 0.016 and P = 0.027, respectively). CA did not significantly affect survival 15.3 ± 7.9 months after TAVR (P = 0.972).ConclusionBoth TTR‐ and AL‐CA can accompany severe AS. Parameters solely based on ECG and echocardiography allow for the identification of the majority of CA‐AS. In the present cohort, CA did not significantly worsen prognosis 15.3 months after TAVR.
A Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor Based on Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Decorated by Fe3O4@Au Nanostructure Stabilized on Polypyrrole for Efficient Triclosan Sensing
Authors: Saljooqi Asma , Shamspur Tayebeh , Mostafavi Ali 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTriclosan is broadly utilized as preservative or antiseptic in various cosmetic and personal care products. It becomes hazardous for environmental safety and human health more than a certain concentration. In this research, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were prepared by composing Fe3O4@Au nanostructure decorated GO together with polypyrrole (PPy) (Fe3O4@Au‐PPy/GO nanocomposite) in a facile way. The composite excellent increased the electrochemical response, presenting a high sensitive electrochemical method for triclosan detection. The synthesized Fe3O4@Au‐PPy/GO nanocomposite was characterized for its morphological, magnetically and structural properties by FESEM‐mapping, TEM, and XRD. The Fe3O4@Au‐PPy/GO nanocomposites modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCE), Fe3O4@Au‐PPy/GO GCE, showed a higher sensitivity good stability, reproducibility, lower LOD (2.5×10−9 M) and potential practical application in electrochemical detection of triclosan under optimized experimental conditions.
Neural network modeling and simulation of the synthesis of CuInS2/ZnS quantum dots
Authors: Fu Min , Mrziglod Thomas , Luan Weiling , Tu Shan‐Tung , Mleczko Leslaw 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe development of recipes for synthesis of quantum dots (QDs), a novel semiconductor material for application in optoelectronic devices, is currently purely based on experiments. Since the quality of QDs represented by quantum yield (QY) and emission peak strongly depends on a number of different parameters (route, precursors, conditions, etc), a large number of experiments is necessary. In this article, we show that data‐driven modeling can be used as a supporting tool for optimization and a better understanding of the synthesis process. By using the results collected during the development of CuInS2/ZnS (CIS/ZnS) QDs, a neural network model has been established. The model is able to predict the optical properties (QY and emission peak) of CIS/ZnS QDs as a function of the most important synthesis parameters, such as reaction temperature, time of CIS core formation and ZnS shell growth, feed molar ratio of Cu/In and Zn/Cu, various starting precursors, and types of ligands. Finally, a model analysis under various effects influencing the quality of QDs is performed.
Assessment of exopolysaccharide production by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ropy strain in different substrate media
Authors: Malaka Ratmawati , Maruddin Fatma , Dwyana Zaraswati , Vargas Maynor V. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of this research was to determine the optimal medium for Exopolysaccharides (EPS) production by a Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus ropy strain isolated from a locally produced commercial fermented milk, in reconstituted skim milk (RSM) 10% (w/v), milk whey (MW), and soy milk whey (SMW), under optimal growth conditions for this strain. Milk whey was made by coagulating fresh milk using papaya latex 3% (v/v); soy milk whey was obtained from tofu household industry. The chemical composition of the substrate media was determined by proximate analysis, and sterilization was accomplished in an autoclave at 121°C for 15 min. Culture media were inoculated with 1% (v/v) of a starter culture of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and then incubated at 30°C for 16 hr. EPS production, lactic acid content, cell counting, and pH were determined after the media were cooled at 5°C. Findings showed that on the basis of the growth characteristics of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, the best medium for EPS production was RSM 10% (258.60 ± 26.86 mg/L) compared to the milk whey (69.60 ± 9.48 mg/L) and soy milk whey (49.80 ± 9.04 mg/L).
Food functionalities and bioactivities of protein isolates recovered from skipjack tuna roe by isoelectric solubilization and precipitation
Authors: Cha Jang Woo , Yoon In Seong , Lee Gyoon‐Woo , Kang Sang In , Park Sun Young , Kim Jin‐Soo , Heu Min Soo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFour roe protein isolates (RPIs) from skipjack tuna were prepared using isoelectric solubilization (pH 11 and 12) and precipitation (pH 4.5 and 5.5) (ISP) at different pH points to evaluate their physicochemical and functional properties and in vitro bioactivities. Moisture (<6.3%) and protein (71%–77%) content were maintained. Sulfur, sodium, phosphorus, and potassium were the major elements, and glutamic acid and leucine were the prevalent amino acids (12.2–12.8 and 9.6–9.8 g/100 g protein, respectively) in RPIs. RPI‐1 showed the highest buffering capacity at pH 7–12. RPIs and casein showed similar water‐holding capacities. At pH 12, RPI‐1(pH 11/4.5) showed the highest solubility, followed by RPI‐3(pH 12/4.5), RPI‐2(pH 11/5.5), and RPI‐4(pH 12/5.5) (p < .05). Oil‐in‐water emulsifying activity indices of RPI‐1 and RPI‐3 significantly differed. At pH 2 and 7–12, pH‐shift treatment improved the food functionality of RPIs, which was superior to positive controls (casein and hemoglobin). RPI‐1 showed ABTS+ radical scavenging (102.7 μg/ml) and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitory activities (44.0%).
Evaluation of Metals in Soil and Tissues of Economic-Interest Plants Grown in Sites Affected by the Fundão Dam Failure in Mariana, Brazil
Authors: Coelho Daniel Gomes , Marinato Claudio Sergio , de Matos Letícia Paiva , de Andrade Heloísa Monteiro , da Silva Vinicius Melo , Neves Pedro Henrique Santos , de Oliveira Juraci Alves 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration of potentially toxic elements in Brachiaria decumbens, Stylosanthes guianensis, and Saccharum officinarum plants and soil samples in affected and unaffected areas by rupture of the Fundão dam, Brazil. Samples were collected in areas affected by residues from the Fundão dam (RAA1, RAA2, RAA3) and in an unaffected area (control). The material was analyzed for the composition of micronutrients and trace elements in soil and plants, as well as contamination factor (CF), accumulation factor, and translocation factor (TF). Overall, the results showed that soil and plant tissues had increased Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr content and decreased Zn content in the affected areas, compared to the control. Leaves and roots of B. decumbens showed an increase in Fe content in affected areas, compared to the control, reaching a mean maximum value of 42 958 µg/g of roots of RAA2-collected plants. As a result, CF for Fe of B. decumbens was classified as very high and they presented low TF values. Furthermore, B. decumbens collected in affected areas showed an increase of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr in leaves, stems, and roots, whereas in Stylosanthes guianensis, there was an increase of Fe concentration in all tissues and Cr in leaves. Also, Saccharum officinarum showed the accumulation of Mn in the stem and Cu in leaves and stem. On the other hand, there was no contamination of plants by hazardous elements such as Pb, Cd, and As in the samples analyzed. In conclusion, increases in the content of Fe, Mn, Cu, and Cr were found in soil and several plant tissues of residue-affected areas, which could compromise plant growth and represent potential hazards arising from the biomagnification process in the food chain. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:596–607. © 2020 SETAC
Prevalence and key predictors of perinatal depression among postpartum women in Ghana
Authors: Sefogah Promise E. , Samba Ali , Mumuni Kareem , Kudzi William 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and key predictors of perinatal depression among women in Accra.MethodA two‐step hospital‐based cross‐sectional study from May to July 2016. Patient Health Questionnaire version 9 was administered to postpartum mothers, and those aged 18 years or older with scores above 5 who delivered at LEKMA, Ridge, and Korle Bu Hospitals were recruited. A modified Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to assess depression at 2 weeks postpartum. Associations between perinatal depression and sociodemographic/obstetric variables were assessed by χ2 and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsAmong 1456 women screened, the prevalence of mental health disorders was 27.5% (400/1456). Of 350 women recruited, perinatal depression at 2 weeks postpartum was 8.6%, 31.6%, and 41.1% at LEKMA, Ridge, and Korle Bu, respectively. Mothers younger than 20 years and older than 35 years at Korle Bu had depression. Vaginal delivery increased the odds of perinatal depression at Ridge and Korle Bu. Blood transfusion was associated with depression at all three hospitals.ConclusionBlood transfusion, but not other variables, was associated with perinatal depression at 2 weeks postpartum in Accra. Understanding the prevalence of perinatal depression and its associated risk factors in Ghana will aid policy decisions, planning, and clinical management.