bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MgO−SiO2 Catalysts for the Ethanol to Butadiene Reaction: The Effect of Lewis Acid Promoters
Authors: Szabó Blanka , Novodárszki Gyula , Pászti Zoltán , Domján Attila , Valyon József , Hancsók Jenő , Barthos Róbert 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMgO−SiO2 samples, having the composition of natural talc (NT), were obtained by co‐precipitation (CP) and wet kneading (WK) methods. The materials were used as catalysts of the ethanol‐to‐1,3‐butadiene reaction. ZnO, Ga2O3 and In2O3 were tested as promoters. The catalyst WK gave the highest 1,3‐Butadiene (BD) yield among the non‐promoted catalysts because of the high specific surface area and strong basicity. Results suggested that over the neat WK catalyst the acetaldehyde coupling to crotonaldehyde was the rate‐determining process step. Formation of crotyl alcohol intermediate was substantiated to proceed by the hydrogen transfer reaction between crotonaldehyde and ethanol. The crotyl alcohol intermediate becomes dehydrated to BD or, in a disproportionation side reaction, it forms crotonaldehyde and butanol. The promoter was found to increase the surface concentration of the reactant and reaction intermediates, thereby increases the rates of conversion and BD formation. The order of promoting efficiency was Zn>In>Ga.
Uncommon overoxidative catalytic activity in a new halo‐tolerant alcohol dehydrogenase
Authors: Contente Martina L. , Fiore Noemi , Cannazza Pietro , Roura Padrosa David , Molinari Francesco , Gourlay Louise , Paradisi Francesca 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) are versatile and useful enzymes employed as biocatalysts, especially for the selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols, and for the reduction of carbonyl moieties. A new alcohol dehydrogenase (HeADH‐II) has been identified from the genome of the halo‐adapted bacterium Halomonas elongata, which proved stable in the presence of polar organic solvents and salt exposure. Unusual for this class of enzymes, HeADH‐II lacks enantiopreference and is capable of oxidizing both alcohols and aldehydes, enabling a direct overoxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids. HeADH‐II was coupled with a NADH‐oxidase from Lactobacillus pentosus (LpNOX) to increase the process yields and allowing recycling of the cofactor. The enzymatic oxidation of primary alcohols was also paired with in situ condensation of the intermediate aldehydes with hydroxylamine to prepare the corresponding aldoximes, with particular attention to perillartine (a powerful sweetener), whose enzymatic synthesis starting from natural sources, leads to an equally natural product.
Microscale Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet as a Source for Plasma‐Driven Biocatalysis
Authors: Yayci Abdulkadir , Dirks Tim , Kogelheide Friederike , Alcalde Miguel , Hollmann Frank , Awakowicz Peter , Bandow Julia E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe use of a microscale atmospheric pressure plasma jet (μAPPJ) was investigated for its potential to supply hydrogen peroxide in biocatalysis. Compared to a previously employed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), the μAPPJ offered significantly higher H2O2 production rates and better handling of larger reaction volumes. The performance of the μAPPJ was evaluated with recombinant unspecific peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita (rAaeUPO). Using plasma‐treated buffer, no side reactions with other plasma‐generated species were detected. For long‐term treatment, rAaeUPO was immobilized, transferred to a rotating bed reactor, and reactions performed using the μAPPJ. The enzyme had a turnover of 36,415 mol mol−1 and retained almost full activity even after prolonged plasma treatment. Overall, the μAPPJ presents a promising plasma source for plasma‐driven biocatalysis.
Modeling and Optimization for a Comprehensive Gas Processing Plant with Sensitivity Analysis and Economic Evaluation
Authors: Mazumder Mozammel , Xu Qiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSweetening, dehydration, natural gas liquid (NGL) recovery, and sale gas compression are four major treatment stages for the general natural gas processing. Here, a comprehensive gas processing plant (CGPP) coupling sweetening, dehydration, NGL recovery, and compression subsystems have been conceptually designed, modeled, and optimized based on field data. The development includes four major stages of work: (i) CGPP process development with Aspen HYSYS simulator; (ii) sensitivity studies for all distillation columns involved in the CGPP process to optimize their performances; (iii) sizing of major equipment of the CGPP; and (iv) economic evaluations with Aspen process economic analyzer to calculate the expected capital and operating expenditures for the developed CGPP process. Valuable insights of natural gas monetization from the viewpoint of large‐scale process system integration, modeling, and optimization are provided.
Diazonium Electrografting vs. Physical Adsorption of Azure A at Carbon Nanotubes for Mediated Glucose Oxidation with FAD‐GDH
Authors: Gross Andrew J. , Tanaka Shunya , Colomies Clara , Giroud Fabien , Nishina Yuta , Cosnier Serge , Tsujimura Seiya , Holzinger Michael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe electrochemical reduction of aryldiazonium salts is a versatile and direct route to obtain robust covalently modified electrodes. We report here a comparative study of Azure A modified carbon nanotube electrodes prepared by diazonium electrografting and by physical adsorption for bioelectrocatalytic glucose oxidation with fungal FAD‐glucose dehydrogenase from Aspergillus sp. The electrografted and adsorbed electrodes exhibited different reversible electroactivity consistent with polymer‐type and monomer‐type phenothiazine surface assemblies, respectively. The electrografted Azure A electrodes exhibited superior mediated bioelectrocatalysis compared to the adsorbed Azure A electrodes. A more than 10‐fold higher catalytic current up to 2 mA cm−2 at 0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl together with a similarly low onset potential of −0.05 V vs. Ag/AgCl was observed at the electrografted electrodes. Faster estimated electron transfer kinetics and a +200 mV potential shift for the polymer‐type redox couple vs. the adsorbed monomer‐type couple underlines the favourable driving force for mediated electron transfer with the buried FAD active site for the diazonium‐derived bioelectrode.
The electrolyte comprising more robust water and superhalides transforms Zn‐metal anode reversibly and dendrite‐free
Authors: Zhang Chong , Shin Woochul , Zhu Liangdong , Chen Cheng , Neuefeind Joerg C. , Xu Yunkai , Allec Sarah I. , Liu Cong , Wei Zhixuan , Daniyar Aigerim , Jiang Jia‐Xing , Fang Chong , Alex Greaney P. , Ji Xiulei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA great challenge for all aqueous batteries, including Zn‐metal batteries, is the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction on the low‐potential anode. Herein, we report the formula of a highly concentrated aqueous electrolyte that mitigates hydrogen evolution by transforming water molecules more inert. The electrolyte comprises primarily ZnCl2 and LiCl as an additive, both of which are inexpensive salts. The O–H covalent bonds in water get strengthened in a chemical environment that has fewer hydrogen bonding interactions and a greater number of Zn–Cl superhalides, as suggested by integrated characterization and simulation. As a result, the average Coulombic efficiency of zinc‐metal anode is raised to an unprecedented >99.7% at 1 mA cm−2. In the new electrolyte, the plating/stripping processes leave the zinc‐metal anode dendrite‐free, and the zinc‐metal anode delivers stable plating/stripping cycles for 4000 hours with an areal capacity of 4 mAh cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the high Coulombic efficiency of zinc‐metal anode in the ZnCl2‐LiCl mixture electrolyte is demonstrated in full cells with a limited anode. The V2O5·H2O||Zn full cell with an N/P mass ratio of 1.2 delivers a stable life of more than 2500 cycles, and the LiMn2O4||Zn hybrid cell with an N/P mass ratio of 0.6 exhibits 1500 cycles in its stable life.
Creeping bentgrass seed germination in growth chambers at optimal and suboptimal temperatures
Authors: Carroll Devon E. , Kaminski John E. , Landschoot Peter J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTurfgrass managers attempting to establish creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) from seed following winterkill episodes may benefit from cultivars that germinate and establish quickly during cold temperature periods. The purpose of this study was to identify the percentage and time until germination of different cultivars of creeping bentgrass under a suboptimal temperature regime. Twenty‐seven seed samples showing ≥90% germination under the optimal temperature regime of 77:59 °F on an 8:16‐hour light–dark cycle were selected for germination tests at the suboptimal temperature of 50 °F on an 8:16‐hour light–dark cycle. The results show differences among creeping bentgrass samples with respect to cumulative germination percentages (CGP) and days to germination when incubated at 50 °F. Seed samples of ‘Pure Select’, ‘Penn A’‐4, ‘Crystal BlueLinks’, and ‘007’ were most consistent with respect to high germination percentages and days to germination at 50 °F. However, where multiple seed samples of the same cultivar were examined, variation in CGP and days to germination were detected among samples. Cultivars with superior germination characteristics at low temperatures may improve creeping bentgrass establishment from seed following winterkill episodes. However, practitioners should be aware that germination at low temperatures may vary among seed samples or seed lots of individual cultivars because of factors associated with seed vigor, such as seed age, preharvest environmental conditions, seed storage methods, and other factors, which could result in variable rates of establishment in early spring.
Kommunikationsprozesse digitalisieren
Authors: Eschbach Andreas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAuch wenn Unternehmen über Notfallpläne für zahlreiche Situationen verfügen, so hat kaum jemand ein Szenario wie das neue Corona‐Virus in Betracht gezogen. Persönliche Besprechungen, Schichtübergaben, KVP‐ und Lean Meetings oder Frühbesprechungen – nichts
Totaloxidation
Authors: Stützel Rainer 
Published: August 2020

AbstractViele Industriebranchen verlangen für sensible Anwendungen ölfreie und keimfreie Druckluft höchster Qualität. Dafür hat der Druckluftspezialist Beko Technologies aus Neuss jetzt die nächste Generation ihrer Katalysetechnik Bekokat vorgestellt.
Rohrwände durchschallen
Authors: Betz Oliver 
Published: August 2020

AbstractClamp‐on‐Durchflussmesser funktionieren bei Flüssigkeitsleitungen in 90% aller industriellen Anwendungen problemlos. Es gibt also immer noch etwa 10% Anwendungen, die laut Spezifikation funktionieren sollten, aber dann doch keine zuverlässigen Messergebni
Wenn Software die Fantasie beflügelt
Authors: Stolz Christian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOrdnerweise Dokumentation ist Anlagenbetreibern und denen, die Anlagen in Betrieb nehmen, nach wie vor nicht fremd. Komplexe Anlagen allein mit Papierdokumentation zu verwalten oder einzurichten ist aber nahezu unmöglich. Auf der Baustelle unter Stress vo
Techniker auf Service‐Missionen
Authors: Grenacher Manuel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSchneller und präziser Informationsfluss, zeitsparende Abläufe und effizienter Ressourceneinsatz – bei der Koordinierung von Servicetechnikern in der Industrie zeigt sich, wo die Digitalisierung noch Potenzial für Verbesserungen bereithält. Der internatio
Adaptive Self‐Assembly and Induced‐Fit Interconversions between Molecular Borromean Rings, Russian Dolls and Ring‐in‐Ring Complexes†
Authors: Lu Ye , Liu Dong , Cui Zheng , Lin Yue‐Jian , Jin Guo‐Xin 
Published: August 2020

Main observation and conclusionHerein, we report an artificially assembled interlocked system that features adaptive self‐assembly and induced‐fit transformation properties in the presence of appropriate guest molecules. By careful choice of solvent and guests, a molecular Borromean rings complex based on organometallic half‐sandwich units could be transformed in a stepwise manner to a ring‐in‐ring complex and a monomeric rectangle, leading to a conversion cycle between these structures. This adaptive self‐assembly method was further applied to the construction of a Russian dolls complex, forming another conversion cycle composed of a molecular Borromean rings complex, a Russian dolls complex and a monomeric rectangle. A comprehensive map showing all of the structural transformations between these metallarectangles and interlocked species is drawn up, representing a recoverable and recyclable transformation mechanism.
Recent Advancement in the Search of Innovative Antiprotozoal Agents Targeting Trypanothione Metabolism
Authors: Saccoliti Francesco , Di Santo Roberto , Costi Roberta 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLeishmania and Trypanosoma parasites are responsible for the challenging neglected tropical diseases leishmaniases, Chagas disease, and human African trypanosomiasis, which account for up to 40,000 deaths annually mainly in developing countries. Current chemotherapy relies on drugs with significant limitations in efficacy and safety, prompting the urgent need to explore innovative approaches to improve the drug discovery pipeline. The unique trypanothione‐based redox pathway, which is absent in human hosts, is vital for all trypanosomatids and offers valuable opportunities to guide the rational development of specific, broad‐spectrum and innovative anti‐trypanosomatid agents. Major efforts focused on the key metabolic enzymes trypanothione synthetase‐amidase and trypanothione reductase, whose inhibition should affect the entire pathway and, finally, parasite survival. Herein, we will report and comment on the most recent studies in the search for enzyme inhibitors, underlining the promising opportunities that have emerged so far to drive the exploration of future successful therapeutic approaches.
Dual Parasiticidal Activities of Phthalimides: Synthesis and Biological Profile against Trypanosoma cruzi and Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Teixeira de Moraes Gomes Paulo André , Veríssimo de Oliveira Cardoso Marcos , dos Santos Ignes Regina , Amaro de Sousa Fabiano , da Conceição Juliana Maria , Gouveia de Melo Silva Vanessa , Duarte Denise , Pereira Raquel , Oliveira Rafael , Nogueira Fátima , Alves Luiz Carlos , Brayner Fabio André , da Silva Santos Aline Caroline , Rêgo Alves Pereira Valéria , Lima Leite Ana Cristina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChagas disease and malaria are two neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that prevail in tropical and subtropical regions in 149 countries. Chagas is also present in Europe, the US and Australia due to immigration of asymptomatic infected individuals. In the absence of an effective vaccine, the control of both diseases relies on chemotherapy. However, the emergence of parasite drug resistance is rendering currently available drugs obsolete. Hence, it is crucial to develop new molecules. Phthalimides, thiosemicarbazones, and 1,3‐thiazoles have been used as scaffolds to obtain antiplasmodial and anti‐Trypanosoma cruzi agents. Herein we present the synthesis of 24 phthalimido‐thiosemicarbazones (3 a–x) and 14 phthalimido‐thiazoles (4 a–n) and the corresponding biological activity against T. cruzi, Plasmodium falciparum, and cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines. Some of these compounds showed potent inhibition of T. cruzi at low cytotoxic concentrations in RAW 264.7 cells. The most active compounds, 3 t (IC50=3.60 μM), 3 h (IC50=3.75 μM), and 4 j (IC50=4.48 μM), were more active than the control drug benznidazole (IC50=14.6 μM). Overall, the phthalimido‐thiosemicarbazone derivatives were more potent than phthalimido‐thiazole derivatives against T. cruzi. Flow cytometry assay data showed that compound 4 j was able to induce necrosis and apoptosis in trypomastigotes. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed that T. cruzi trypomastigote cells treated with compounds 3 h, 3 t, and 4 j at IC50 concentrations promoted changes in the shape, flagella, and surface of the parasite body similar to those observed in benznidazole‐treated cells. The compounds with the highest antimalarial activity were the phthalimido‐thiazoles 4 l (IC50=1.2 μM), 4 m (IC50=1.7 μM), and 4 n (IC50=2.4 μM). Together, these data revealed that phthalimido derivatives possess a dual antiparasitic profile with potential effects against T. cruzi and lead‐like characteristics.
Parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults: A case‐cohort study within the 2011 Italian census cohort
Authors: Alicandro Gianfranco , Bertuccio Paola , Sebastiani Gabriella , La Vecchia Carlo , Frova Luisa 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundProgress in the treatment of juvenile cancers has led to remarkable improvements in survival. However, not all families have the resources to cope with the burden that such diseases require. This study was aimed at evaluating the association between parental education and cancer mortality in children, adolescents, and young adults.MethodsThis was a case‐cohort study based on 1889 cancer cases and 108,387 noncases sampled from the 2011 Italian census cohort of 10,964,837 individuals younger than 20 years and followed for 6 years. Mortality rate ratios (MRRs) were estimated for individuals with parents with high and intermediate levels of education (International Standard Classification of Education [ISCED] levels 5‐8 and 3‐4, respectively) in comparison with individuals with less educated parents (ISCED levels < 3) through multiple Poisson regression models.ResultsOver the follow‐up, 684, 858, and 347 cancer cases with parents with the lowest, intermediate, and highest levels of education, respectively, were registered. In comparison with the individuals with parents with the lowest level of education, the MRR from all neoplasms was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83‐1.03) for those with parents with an intermediate level of education and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.72‐0.95) for those with parents with the highest level of education. The MRRs from all neoplasms for individuals with parents with the highest level of education were 0.88 (95% CI, 0.69‐1.11) among children, 0.87 (95% CI, 0.70‐1.06) among adolescents, and 0.64 (95% CI, 0.50‐0.83) among young adults.ConclusionsChildren, adolescents, and young adults with highly educated parents have reduced mortality from cancer. This calls for further efforts to optimize treatment for children of less educated parents.
Evaluation of NR4A3 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization and comparison with DOG1 IHC for FNA diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma
Authors: Skaugen John M. , Seethala Raja R. , Chiosea Simion I. , Landau Michael S. 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundAcinic cell carcinoma (AcCC) is diagnostically challenging on fine‐needle aspiration because it can mimic several other neoplasms or even normal acinar tissue. Immunopositivity for DOG1, especially circumferential membranous staining, can support the diagnosis of AcCC but is not entirely specific, and it is prone to technical and interpretive challenges on small specimens. NR4A3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3) translocation and nuclear NR4A3 overexpression were recently described in the majority of AcCCs. Here, the authors evaluate the performance of NR4A3 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and NR4A3 break‐apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on cell block preparations and compare them with DOG1 IHC in distinguishing AcCC from other entities in the differential diagnosis.MethodsThe authors identified 34 cytology cell blocks with lesional cells, including 11 specimens of AcCC (2 of which derived from 1 patient and showed high‐grade transformation) as well as 2 secretory carcinomas, 7 salivary duct carcinomas, 4 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 3 oncocytomas, 3 renal cell carcinomas, and 6 specimens containing nonneoplastic salivary gland tissue. NR4A3 IHC, DOG1 IHC, and NR4A3 FISH were attempted for all cases.ResultsNR4A3 IHC had 81.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity for AcCC, whereas NR4A3 FISH had 36.4% sensitivity and 100% specificity, although 4 cases (3 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 1 salivary gland tissue sample) could not be analyzed because of low cellularity. Notably, no normal acinar tissue specimens showed NR4A3 positivity by IHC or FISH. In addition, DOG1 IHC had 72.7% sensitivity and 92% specificity.ConclusionsNR4A3 IHC is highly specific for the diagnosis of AcCC and is more sensitive than DOG1 IHC and NR4A3 FISH. In addition, NR4A3 IHC performance is not improved by the inclusion of DOG1 IHC. Finally, NR4A3 positivity resolves the perennial problem of distinguishing AcCC from normal acinar tissue.
A proteomic view on the differential phenotype of Schwann cells derived from mouse sensory and motor nerves
Authors: Shen Mi , Tang Wei , Cheng Zhenghui , Zhang Qi , Chen Zixin , Tian Yingchao , Zhang Yawen , He Qianru , Shi Haiyan , Zhu Hui , Wu Han , Ji Yuhua , Ding Fei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSchwann cells (SCs) are myelin‐forming glial cells of the peripheral nervous system. Recent studies suggested that SCs comprise two phenotypes: sensory SCs and motor SCs, which are associated with the modality‐specific promotion of sensory and motor axon growth during peripheral neuronal regeneration. However, the molecular basis of the two phenotypic SCs is unclear. We established a workflow to obtain highly purified SCs derived from sensory nerve (SNdSCs) and motor nerve (MNdSCs) from B6; D2‐Tg(s100B‐EGFP)1Wjt/J mice. Subsequently, a quantitative proteomic analysis based on iTRAQ labeling was performed to compare the proteome of SNdSCs and MNdSCs. A total of 6,567 proteins were identified, of which 63 and 11 proteins were overexpressed in SNdSCs and MNdSCs, respectively. Three of the overexpressed proteins were further validated by western blot and immunocytochemistry: GMFB and CNPase, which were overexpressed in sensory SNdSCs, and histone H4, which was overexpressed in MNdSCs. The expression pattern of the three proteins was also validated in the dorsal roots and ventral roots. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that proteins highly expressed in SNdSCs are mainly involved in RNA processing and protein synthesis, while those overexpressed in MNdSCs are related to cell proliferation. Real‐time cell analysis confirmed that the proliferation activity of MNdSCs is higher than that of SNdSCs. This study is the first to provide a proteomic view of the differential phenotype of mouse SNdSCs and MNdSCs. The data may serve as a valuable source for the study of the biological characteristics of these two SC phenotypes and their roles in nerve‐specific regeneration.