bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice on tuberculosis among teacher trainees of Samtse College of Education, Bhutan
Authors: Dorji Thinley , Tshering Tandin , Wangdi Kinley 
Published: November 2020

Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Bhutan despite the implementation of directly observed treatment short-course since 1997. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice on TB among the teacher trainees of Samtse College of Education.

Methodology
A cross-sectional study was conducted among the teacher trainees of Samtse College of Education. A standardized pretested questionnaire was distributed and self-administered. The participants were selected randomly using randomization. The data was entered in Epi-data 4.4.2.1 and analysed using STATA version 13. A score of 1 point for a correct answer and 0 for wrong/don’t know answer was given. The knowledge, attitude and practice score were divided into good and poor based on 50% cut off. Logistic regression was used for the analysis to identify the significant covariates.

Results
A total of 420 trainees responded to the survey questionnaire. The average knowledge score on TB was 10.7 (Range = 0–21). Two hundred and forty respondents (58.6%) had low knowledge (mean score 7.8±2.5) on TB. Cough, chest pain and weight loss were correctly reported as the symptoms of TB by 306 (72.9%), 187(44.5%) and 187 (44.5%) participants. Eighty-nine-point five percent (376) of participants reported coughing as the main route of TB transmission and 85% (357) of the participants said that it could be prevented by covering the mouth while coughing. In multivariable analysis; the trainees in the junior years of college had good knowledge of TB compared with the senior years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–3.5; p-value 0.011). Respondents previously treated for TB were more likely to have good knowledge on TB compared to those who never had TB in the past (AOR 2.39; 95% CI 1.07–5.31; p-value 0.033). The majority (93%) of respondents had a good attitude towards TB cases. Female trainees were 2.4 (95% CI 1.02–5.62; p-value 0.045) times more likely than male trainees to have a positive attitude towards TB. Eighty-eight percent of the respondents reported that they would visit the hospital if they had TB symptoms. The mean score for the practice on TB was 1.33±0.59 (Range:0–2).

Conclusion
In this study, the majority of the trainees had poor knowledge on TB, especially among the trainees in senior years of college and those who had never suffered from TB. The attitude towards TB was good especially among the female trainees. However, the overall practice was poor among the participants. Therefore, the Ministry of Health should collaborate with relevant stakeholders especially the Ministry of Education to incorporate topics on TB in the syllabus of students and colleges to create awareness on it.
Materiality and evanescence in app-books: interactive digital books for children and obstacles to digital education
Authors: Matsuda Alice Atsuko , Conte Jaqueline 
Published: November 2020

This research is aimed at making a brief history of the works that have won the Jabuti Award and to reflect upon the challenges presented in app books for children, especially so that it can become an applicable alternative tool for literary education in the school environment. Among these challenges are the very materiality and evanescence of these productions, issues that are tackled based on the considerations of Hayles (2002), Antonio (2011), Corrêa (2016) and Ribeiro (2017). We will also discuss a model for insertion of digital books in Brazilian schools that has been in place since 2014, digital libraries, platforms that usually provide simpler productions, adding pedagogical solutions and reading assessment. The methodology used was exploratory with bibliographical basis, with comparative descriptions and immanent analysis of the awarded works, also considerations based on interviews with stakeholders of this market.
Notes from the Editors, November 2020
Authors: Editors - 
Published: November 2020

buy this issue
In this issue of Monthly Review, we publish two articles marking the two-hundredth anniversary of the birth of Frederick Engels. In the attempt to address our planet's ecological crisis, Engels's work has once acquired a renewed importance. His analysis of the dialectics of nature was to play a formative role in the development of modern ecological and evolutionary views and is now being rediscovered in that context.
Stan cyfryzacji polskich szkół na podstawie badania „Polska szkoła w dobie cyfryzacji. Diagnoza 2017” w kontekście potrzeby wdrożenia nauczania w modelu STEAM
Authors: PLEBAŃSKA MARLENA 
Published: November 2020

Marlena Plebańska, Digitisation of Polish Schools Based on the “Polish School in the Digitisation Era. The 2017 Diagnosis” Survey in the Context of the Necessity of Implementing the STEAM Model of Teaching, Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, No. 23, Poznań 2018. Pp. 53–70. Adam Mickiewicz University Press.ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.23.03
The author of the paper presents the concept of teaching in the STEAM model in relation to the necessity of building competence of tomorrow among pupils of primary schools and even preschools. The author sets forth the status of digitisation of Polish schools in the light of the most extensive Polish digitisation survey: the 2017 Digital Diagnosis. The author primarily discusses the conclusions from studies pertaining to the status of digitisation of the Polish schools in the context of implementation of the STEAM model as a concept for developing competence of tomorrow. Results of studies conducted in June 2017 among pupils, parents and teachers are presented. The study was prepared and conducted by a team of researchers/academic employees of the Faculty of Education at the University of Warsaw in cooperation with PCG Edukacja under the supervision of the author of this paper. The study encompassed 100,129 respondents from primary schools, middle schools, high schools, technical schools and vocational schools from all provinces in Poland. The full report presenting the study results is available on website: https://www.librus.pl/doradca-dyrektora/informacje-prawne/organizacja-pracy-szkoly/stan-cyfryzacji-polskich-szkol-ku-refleksji-raport-2017/
Collaboration and Change within Library & University Collections: Perspectives from the University of Edinburgh
Authors: Lingstadt Kirsty , Tate Dominic 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Kirsty Lingstadt and Dominic Tate discuss approaches to change, cooperation and collaboration within the University of Edinburgh’s library service. We consider organisational context, strategy development, digital skills, equality, diversity & inclusion, the impact of COVID-19 and workforce planning. We discuss planned and organic change and provide short case studies reflecting on recent experiences of changes to the library’s organisation and services, and the importance of cooperation and collaboration with the aim of developing and improving library services.
Digitalisierung als Informatisierung in der sozialen Arbeit?
Authors: Will-Zocholl Mascha , Hardering Friedericke 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Aktuell wird die Digitalisierung als Megatrend des Wandels der Arbeitswelt thematisiert. Dabei greift der alleinige Fokus auf die Digitalisierung als Treiber und Auslöser aktueller Veränderungen zu kurz. Gerade im öffentlichen Sektor sind die Triebkräfte der anhaltenden Reorganisation in der Einführung des New Public Management (NPM) sowie der Sozial- und Gesundheitsreformen zu sehen. Versteht man diese Entwicklungen als Teil eines soziohistorischen Prozesses der Informatisierung, zeigt sich, dass die Diskussion um Digitalisierung der sozialen Arbeit neue Schlaglichter auf eine bekannte Debatte wirft, nämlich auf Tendenzen der Ökonomisierung, Bürokratisierung und Standardisierung von Arbeit. Der vorliegende Beitrag nimmt Bezug auf diese Entwicklungen und fragt danach, wie Führungskräfte in der sozialen Arbeit ihre Arbeit wahrnehmen, inwieweit sie Prozesse der Informatisierung und Digitalisierung als Chance oder Risiko sehen. In der Empirie zeigt sich, dass aus Sicht der Beschäftigten die Arbeits- und Beschäftigungsbedingungen im Feld der sozialen Arbeit weniger von Digitalisierung als von Informatisierung geprägt sind. Erfahren werden die Veränderungen primär als Belastungszunahme und Bedrohung für das professionelle Selbstverständnis.
Modeling and parameter identification for real-time temperature controlled retinal laser therapies
Authors: Kleyman Viktoria , Gernandt Hannes , Worthmann Karl , Abbas Hossam S. , Brinkmann Ralf , Müller Matthias A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Laser photocoagulation is a widely used treatment for a variety of retinal diseases. Temperature-controlled irradiation is a promising approach to enable uniform heating, reduce the risks of over- or undertreatment, and unburden the ophthalmologists from a time consuming manual power titration. In this paper, an approach is proposed for the development of models with different levels of detail, which serve as a basis for improved, more accurate observer and control designs. To this end, we employ a heat diffusion model and propose a suitable discretization and subsequent model reduction procedures. Since the absorption of the laser light can vary strongly at each irradiation site, a method for identifying the absorption coefficient is presented. To identify a parameter in a reduced order model, an optimal interpolatory projection method for parametric systems is used. In order to provide an online identification of the absorption coefficient, we prove and exploit monotonicity of the parameter influence.
An empirical survey of electroencephalography-based brain-computer interfaces
Authors: Wankhade Megha M. , Chorage Suvarna S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is modified using the Motor Imagery (MI) and it is utilized for patients with high motor impairments. Hence, the direct relationship between the computer and brain is termed as an EEG-based brain-computer interface (BCI). The objective of this survey is to presents an analysis of the existing distinct BCIs based on EEG.

Methods
This survey provides a detailed review of more than 60 research papers presenting the BCI-based EEG, like motor imagery-based techniques, spatial filtering-based techniques, Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP)-based techniques, machine learning-based techniques, Event-Related Potential (ERP)-based techniques, and online EEG-based techniques. Subsequently, the research gaps and issues of several EEG-based BCI systems are adopted to help the researchers for better future scope.

Results
An elaborative analyses as well as discussion have been provided by concerning the parameters, like evaluation metrics, year of publication, accuracy, implementation tool, and utilized datasets obtained by various techniques.

Conclusions
This survey paper exposes research topics on BCI-based EEG, which helps the researchers and scholars, who are interested in this domain.
Analysis of brain waves changes in stressful situations based on horror game with the implementation of virtual reality and brain-computer interface system: a case study
Authors: Browarska Natalia , Kawala-Sterniuk Aleksandra , Chechelski Przemysław , Zygarlicki Jarosław 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This presents a case for fear and stress stimuli and afterward EEG data analysis.

Methods
The stress factor had been evoked by a computer horror game correlated with virtual reality (VR) and brain-computer interface (BCI) from OpenBCI, applied for the purpose of brain waves changes observation.

Results
Results obtained during the initial study were promising and provide conclusions for further research in this field carried out on an expanded group of involved participants.

Conclusions
The study provided very promising and interesting results. Further investigation with larger amount of participants will be carried out.
Mass spectrometry-based glycomic profiling of the total IgG and total proteome N-glycomes isolated from follicular fluid
Authors: Klobučar Marko , Pavlić Sanja Dević , Car Iris , Severinski Neda Smiljan , Milaković Tamara Tramišak , Badovinac Anđelka Radojčić , Pavelić Sandra Kraljević 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCouples with infertility issues have been assisted byin vitrofertilization reproduction technologies with high success rates of 50-80%. However, complications associated with ovarian stimulation remain, such as ovarian hyperstimulation. Oocyte quality is a significant factor impacting the outcome ofin vitrofertilization procedures, but other processes are also critical for fertilization success. Increasing evidence points to aberrant inflammation as one of these critical processes reflected in molecular changes, including glycosylation of proteins. Here we report results from a MALDI-TOF-MS-based glycomic profiling of the total IgG and total proteome N-glycomes isolated from the follicular fluid obtained from patients undergoing fertilization through either (1) assisted reproduction by modified natural cycle or (2) controlled ovarian stimulation (GnRH antagonist, GnRH Ant) protocols. Significant inflammatory-related differences between analyzed N-glycomes were observed from samples and correlated with the ovarian stimulation protocol used in patients.
Crosslinguistic influence in development of reference realization: A comparison of foreign language learners and heritage language learners
Authors: Wu Shu-Ling 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent developments in the study of crosslinguistic influence have started to account for how the dynamic interaction between language and cognition influences transfer phenomena. This study examined the acquisition and use of referring expressions in narratives produced by 80 English-dominant learners of Chinese representing two proficiency levels (Low vs. High) and two linguistic backgrounds (Foreign Language vs. Heritage Language), as compared to two baseline groups of 40 Chinese native speakers (NSs) and 40 English NSs. Results showed that, while heritage language learners (HLLs) demonstrated a more idiomatic use of referential forms to introduce new characters and maintain reference to them than did foreign language learners (FLLs) at the same low-proficiency level, the advantage of early language exposure diminished at the high-proficiency level when HLLs were compared to High FLLs who had prolonged in-country experience. Meanwhile, three types of production errors persisted, including (i) failing to use definite reference when obligatory for simple bare nouns, (ii) struggling to supply item-specific classifiers, and (iii) avoidance of zero anaphora, when discourse coherence would prefer such a strategy. All three of these features involve the restructuring of L1 preferences to accommodate L2-specific patterns due to L1-L2 typological differences.
Falsely markedly elevated 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with monoclonal gammopathies
Authors: Hager Helle Borgstrøm , Bolstad Nils , Warren David J. , Ness Marianne Vindal , Seierstad Birgitte , Lindberg Morten 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Monoclonal immunoglobulins can cause interference in many laboratory analyses. During a 4 month period we observed seven patients with monoclonal disease and falsely extremely elevated 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) results above 160 ng/mL (>400 nmol/L) measured using an immunoassay from Abbott Diagnostics. Based on these findings, we studied the occurrence of falsely elevated 25(OH)D in samples with paraproteins and investigated possible mechanisms of the observed interference.

Methods
25(OH)D was analyzed using the Architect i2000 platform from Abbott Diagnostics and a higher order method, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), in serum samples from 50 patients with known monoclonal disease. Patients with falsely elevated 25(OH)D were included in further studies to elucidate the cause of interference. Spuriously elevated results were in addition analyzed on two alternative platforms (Siemens and Roche).

Results
Falsely elevated 25(OH)D levels were present in eight patients on the Abbott analyzer and one on the Siemens platform. Results from Roche were comparable with LC-MS/MS. Additional investigations excluded elevated concentrations of rheumatoid factor and heterophilic antibodies as the cause of interference in the Abbott assay.

Conclusions
Laboratories should be aware of the risk of falsely elevated 25(OH)D in samples run on the Architect analyzer from patients with monoclonal disease. Highly elevated vitamin D results should be diluted and if the dilution is non-linear, rerun by a different method, preferably LC-MS/MS. In patients with spuriously elevated 25(OH)D without known monoclonal disease, the laboratory should consider requesting protein electrophoresis to exclude paraprotein interference.
A promising naphthoquinone [8-hydroxy-2-(2-thienylcarbonyl)naphtho[2,3-b]thiophene-4,9-dione] exerts anti-colorectal cancer activity through ferroptosis and inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway based on RNA sequencing
Authors: Caro Daneiva , Rivera David , Ocampo Yanet , Müller Klaus , Franco Luis A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNaphthoquinones are naturally occurring metabolites with recognized anti-cancer potential but limited clinical application. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of 8-hydroxy-2-(2-thenoyl)naphtho[2,3-b]thiophene-4,9-dione (1), a new candidate for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, using different experimental settings: MTT, clonogenic, wound healing, and cell cycle assays; as well as RNA sequencing. Naphthoquinone 1 selectively reduced the viability and migration of HT-29 cells by G2/M arrest and changes in their transcriptome signature with significant effect on cellular survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, response to interferon, oxidative stress, and immune response. Impact analysis identified ferroptosis and MAPK pathways as significantly affected. In summary, our results suggest that 1 induces the selective death of CRC cells by inducing oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and MAPK inhibition.
Tensile analysis and assessment of carbon and alloy steels using FE approach as an idealization of material fractures under collision and grounding
Authors: Ridwan Ridwan , Prabowo Aditya Rio , Muhayat Nurul , Putranto Teguh , Sohn Jung Min 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, a numerical investigation tensile test using ANSYS on three different carbon and alloy sheets of steel: AISI 1030 medium carbon steel, AISI 1080 high carbon steel and high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) A606 steel, has been carried out. The influences of three different specimen geometries on the stress–strain curve were also investigated. Understanding the properties of these materials, such as stress–strain obtained from a tensile test, is important. Materials are subjected to forces or loads when in use, for example, steel in a ship’s hull experiences significant stresses and strains. In such situations, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of the material because grounding or collisions can occur, which deform the materials. The differences in stress and strain obtained from three specimens with different geometries and mesh sizes of 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 mm for all proposed steels, were observed. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strength was always lower in specimen 2 compared to the other specimens. Furthermore, the highest von Mises stress and strain contour was located in the midsection of specimens 1 and 3 in all of the proposed materials.
Enhancement of barrier and anti-corrosive performance of zinc-rich epoxy coatings using nano-silica/graphene oxide hybrid
Authors: Zhang Meiling , Wang Hui , Nie Ting , Bai Jintao , Zhao Fei , Ma Shenghua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study reports a facile method to prepare silica-coated graphene oxide nanoflakes (SiO2–GO). Results of X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy reveal that silica was successfully coated on the GO flakes. The effect of SiO2–GO nanosheets on the corrosion protection and barrier performance of the epoxy coating was investigated in this work. Results indicate that the mechanical properties of all coatings added with GO and SiO2–GO were significantly improved. Furthermore, electrochemical impedance and Tafer polarisation curves showed that added 0.5 wt% SiO2–GO nanoflakes into zinc-rich epoxy coating could greatly improve the anti-corrosion performance of the sample, and the corrosion protection efficiency increased from 67.01 to 99.58%.
Nonlinear trending of corrosion of high nickel alloys in extended marine and atmospheric exposures
Authors: Melchers Robert E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe relatively limited data for the corrosion and pitting of high nickel alloys are reviewed herein and time-dependent trends developed for exposures in marine and atmospheric environments. Data sets for average or ‘uniform’ corrosion losses that are sufficiently extensive show topological consistency with the bimodal functional model previously observed for steels and various copper-nickel and aluminum alloys. Trends for localized corrosion (pit or crevice depth) plateau after earlier rapid growth over several years. The present observations add support to the concept that there is a change in corrosion behavior with extended temporal exposure and that this is generally consistent for many alloys. They also reinforce that shorter-term observations of maximum corrosion or pit depth usually is unsuited for extrapolation to, and prediction of, longer-term corrosion as typically important for practical infrastructure applications.
Nested control loop configuration for a three stage biological wastewater treatment process
Authors: Maheswari Pothuraju , Sheik Abdul Gaffar , Tejaswini E. S. S. , Ambati Seshagiri Rao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In every urban infrastructure, Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) requires special attention because of its adverse effects on the environment and also for resource recovery. Therefore, there arises a need to treat the wastewater in order to meet the effluent norms prior to discharge. Different control strategies and various scenarios of plant layout can be tested and evaluated through modelling and simulation studies on the benchmark layouts. In this paper, a feedforward nested loop control structure based on ammonia concentration is implemented on Benchmark Simulation Model (BSM1-P) developed based on Activated Sludge Model No. 3 bioP (ASM3bioP) for controlling the dissolved oxygen in aerobic zones and nitrate level in anoxic zones and nutrient removal by adding two anaerobic zones. By using this control strategy, pumping energy, percentage violations of ammonia and nitrogen concentrations in the effluent, and effluent quality are reduced effectively.
Παρά
Authors: Braunstein Dirk 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The current discussion on which paratextual elements ought to be reproduced within a text’s edition tends to remain oblivious to the fact that the distinction between texts and paratexts on the part of the production obeys rules different from those on the part of the reception. This discrepancy results from the materiality of texts which cannot be fully grasped in merely ontological terms. Based on a socio-historical concept of materiality, using the example of an edition of seminar minutes, this article seeks to answer the question what editing actually means, with particular regard to the distinction between texts and paratexts, and what it can do at all.