bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of drug targets and potential molecular mechanisms of Wantong Jingu Tablet in treatment of rats with collagen-induced arthritis based on 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and metabolomic analysis
Authors: Li Zhaodong , Qi Fangyuan , Li Fan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Wantong Jingu Tablet (WJT), a mixture of traditional Chinese medicine, can reduce the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but its pharmacological mechanism is unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of WJT for RA in vivo.Methods: The effects of WJT on the joint pathology, and the levels of Bax, Bcl-2,caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, ERK1/2, pERK1/2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were demonstrated based on several experiments in the model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the effect of WJT on the overall structure and composition of gut microbiota. Meanwhile, metabolite changes in faeces were analyzed by metabolomics techniques.Results: The results showed that WJT restored the joint pathology in CIA rats, upregulated Bax and cleaved-caspase-3, downregulated Bcl-2, caspase-3, and pERK1/2, and reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The overall gut microbial structure in CIA rats was altered after WJT treatment. Three bacterial phyla were prominently restored: Bacteroidetes,Tenericutes and Deferribacteres, and three bacterial genera were significantly reversed: Vibrio, Macrococcus and Vagococcus. Furthermore, five specific metabolites associated with these specific bacterial genera were identified by correlation analysis. In addition, WJT supplement trended to down-regulate the other five metabolites according to metabolomic analyses.Conclusions: These results revealed that WJT restored the pathological changes of RA might through activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, inhibited MEK/ERK signaling, and modulating the special bacteria and the special metabolites.Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis; 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing; metabolomics; drug targets; Wantong Jingu Tablet
Safety of Endovascular Treatment for Concomitant Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms and Cerebral Vascular Stenosis
Authors: Jin Hengwei , Wang Jing , Meng Xiangyu , Li Youxiang , Miao Zhongrong , He Hongwei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the safety of endovascular therapy for concomitant unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) and cerebral vascular stenosis.

Methods

Patients between January to August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed at our institution. Concomitant UIA and cerebral vascular stenosis patients underwent endovascular treatment were included. The demographics and clinical information were collected. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to lesions that was treated (aneurysm, stenosis, both lesions in a single session or in separated sessions). Patients were divided into another 2 groups based on locations of aneurysm and stenosis (ipsilateral and non-ipsilateral). The demographics and clinical data were compared among groups.

Results

A total of 105 (4.9%) cases have concomitant UIA and cerebral vascular stenosis. Eighty-one patients underwent endovascular treatment for the stenosis(n=18), aneurysm(n=41) or both lesions (one session=10; separated sessions n=12). Seven (8.6%) patients experienced procedural related complications, including 1 (1.2%) hemorrhagic and 6 (7.4%) ischemic types. In terms of procedures, 4 (6.3%) complications is related with UIA embolization, 2(5.0%) related with intracranial stenosis angioplasty. Complication rate of patients underwent intracranial angioplasty and aneurysm embolization simultaneously is much higher (20%) than that of the other groups (5.6%-8.3%). Patients with ipsilateral lesions also had higher complication rate (11.1%) than non-ipsilateral patients (6.7%). Follow-up (74 patients, mean=6.5months) result showed good clinical outcome in 70 (94.6%) patients.

Conclusions

Simultaneous treatment for concomitant UIA and extracranial stenosis may not pose additional risks. Ipsilateral lesions and single session procedure for intracranial stenosis and UIA are potential risk factors for periprocedural complications.
Clinical Significance of Peripheral Blood-Derived Inflammation Markers in Advanced Gastric Cancer after Radical Resection
Authors: Gu Lihu , Chen Bangsheng , Zheng Dingcheng , Mo Jiahang , Yuan Lingling , Mao Feiyan , Zhang Kang , Ng Derry Minyao , Chen Ping , Wang Dongjie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and objective: The prognostic significance of peripheral blood-derived inflammation markers in patients with gastric cancer (GC) has not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between systemic inflammatory markers and GC prognosis.Methods: A prospective observational cohort study involving 598 patients was conducted to analyze the prognosis of GC based on systemic inflammatory markers. The following peripheral blood-derived inflammation markers were evaluated: the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/Alb) ratio, Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS), prognostic nutrition index (PNI), and prognostic index (PI). The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve and the Youden index were used to determine the optimal cutoff values. Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors was conducted accordingly.Results: The optimal cutoff values of the PNI, fibrinogen, NLR, PLR, SII, and CRP/Alb were 49.5, 397ng/dl, 2.5, 154, 556, and 0.05, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that age, PLR, TNM stage, and chemotherapy were the independent prognostic factors for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Adjuvant chemotherapy improved the long-term prognosis of patients with PLR ≥154, but chemotherapy had no significant effect on the survival of patients with PLR <154.Conclusions: Our findings show that higher PLR (≥154) is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in GC patients. Besides, PLR can predict adjuvant chemotherapy (oxaliplatin/5-fluorouracil combination) response in patients with GC after surgery.
LncRNA MONC Suppresses the Malignant Phenotype of Endometrial Cancer Stem Cells by Regulating the MiR-636/GLCE Axis
Authors: Li Yibing , Huo Jianing , He Junjian , Ma Haining , Ma Xiaoxin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence shows that abnormal expression of long non-coding RNA is involved in the occurrence and development of various tumors. LncRNA MONC is abnormally expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and acute megakaryocytic leukemia, but the biological function and potential regulatory mechanism of MONC in endometrial cancer stem cells (ECSCs) and endometrial cancer cells (ECCs) have not been studied. In this study, we aimed to explore the tumor suppressive effect and mechanism of MONC in regulating ECSCs and ECCs. Methods: The expression of genes was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression of proteins was detected by Western blot. The interplay of LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA was verified using the luciferase assay. The growth rate of ECSC spheroids was detected by sphere formation assay. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. The cell invasion was detected by transwell invasion assay. Cell cycle was detected by Cell cycle analysis.Cell apoptosis was detected by the Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) double-staining assay. Animal study was conducted to evaluate the effect of MONC combined with miR-636 on tumor growth in vivo. Results: Low MONC expression in endometrial carcinoma (EC), which directly inhibits the malignant biological behavior of ECSCs and ECCs by directly inhibiting miR-636. Simultaneously, miR-636 may indirectly reduce the expression of MONC. Down-regulation of miR-636 may promote GLCE expression by targeting the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the downstream gene GLCE, thereby inhibiting the progression of ECSCs. MONC combined with miR-636 inhibited the Notch signaling pathway and tumor epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In addition, we verified the tumor suppressive effect of MONC in nude mice, miR-636 can rescue the tumor suppressive effect of overexpressing MONC, and this effect is more obvious in ECSC. Conclusion: MONC inhibits the malignant phenotypes of ECSCs and ECCs by regulating the miR-636/GLCE axis. The MONC/miR-636/GLCE axis may provide novel treatment avenues for human EC.
Bronchioalveolar Stem Cells Derived from Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Promote Airway Epithelium Regeneration
Authors: Kawakita Naoya , Toba Hiroaki , Miyoshi Keiko , Sakamoto Shinichi , Matsumoto Daisuke , Takashima Mika , Aoyama Mariko , Inoue Seiya , Morimoto Masami , Nishino Takeshi , Takizawa Hiromitsu , Tangoku Akira 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Bronchioalveolar stem cells (BASCs) located at the bronchioalveolar-duct junction (BADJ) are stem cells residing in alveoli and terminal bronchioles that can self-renew and differentiate into alveolar type (AT)-1 cells, AT-2 cells, club cells, and ciliated cells. Following terminal-bronchiole injury, BASCs increase in number and promote repair. However, whether BASCs can be differentiated from mouse-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) remains unreported, and the therapeutic potential of such cells is unclear. We sought to differentiate BASCs from iPSCs and examine their potential for use in the treatment of epithelial injury in terminal bronchioles.Methods: BASCs were induced using a modified protocol for differentiating mouse iPSCs into AT-2 cells. Differentiated iPSCs were intratracheally transplanted into naphthalene-treated mice. The engrafted BASCs on BADJ, and its ability to promote repair an injury to the airway epithelium, were evaluated.Results: Flow cytometric analysis revealed that BASCs represented ~7% of the cells obtained. Additionally, ultrastructural analysis of these iPSC-derived BASCs by using transmission electron microscopy showed that the cells containing secretory granules harboured microvilli and small and immature lamellar body-like structures. When the differentiated iPSCs were intratracheally transplanted in naphthalene-induced airway epithelium injury, transplanted BASCs were found to be engrafted in the BADJ epithelium and alveolar spaces for 14 d after transplantation and to maintain the BASC phenotype. Notably, repair of the terminal-bronchiole epithelium was markedly promoted after transplantation of the differentiated iPSCs. Conclusions: Mouse iPSCs could be differentiated in vitro into cells that display a similar phenotype to BASCs. Notably, the differentiated iPSCs promoted airway epithelium at the BADJ in the mouse model of naphthalene-induced airway epithelium injury.
A Risk Scoring System to Predict Progression to Severe Pneumonia in Patients with Covid-19
Authors: Lee Ji Yeon , Nam Byung-Ho , Kim Mhinjine , Hwang Jongmin , Kim Jin Young , Hyun Miri , Kim Hyun Ah , Cho Chi-Heum 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) raised major concern regarding medical resource constraints. We constructed and validated a scoring system for early prediction of progression to severe pneumonia in patients with Covid-19. A total of 561 patients from a Covid-19 designated hospital in Daegu, South Korea were randomly divided into two cohorts: development cohort (N=421) and validation cohort (N=140). We used multivariate logistic regression to identify four independent risk predictors for progression to severe pneumonia and constructed a risk scoring system by giving each factor a number of scores corresponding to its regression coefficient. We calculated risk scores for each patient and defined two groups: low risk (0 to 8 points) and high risk (9 to 20 points). In the development cohort, the sensitivity and specificity were 83.8% and 78.9%. In the validation cohort, the sensitivity and specificity were 70.8% and 79.3%, respectively. The C-statistics was 0.884 (95% CI, 0.833-0.934) in the development cohort and 0.828 (95% CI, 0.733-0.923) in the validation cohort. This risk scoring system is useful to identify high-risk group for progression to severe pneumonia in Covid-19 patients and can prevent unnecessary overuse of medical care in limited-resource settings.
Investigation of the renewable diseases in the Maiji Grottoes: some reflection for PVAc
Authors: Meng Chenglei , Shiqiang Fang , Qian Ma , Wenjing Hu , Xiaobin Liu , Ye Zheng , Guangqiang Dong , Yongqiang Yue , Bingjian Zhang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Maiji Grottoes a famous grotto group located on the ancient “Silk Road”. It occupies a significant place in the history of grottoes and has also contributed to the communication of Buddhist art. Since the 1970s, the Chinese government and restoration professionals have made many efforts to restore the Maiji Grottoes for purposes of both scientific research and cultural protection. However, some severe diseases have repeatedly broken out in several grottoes, which require urgent treatment. In this paper, 21 grottoes and about 137.72 m2 of murals from 21 grottoes reinforced by PVAc emulsion were investigated. The results indicated the most common diseases are cracking, hollowing, discoloration, mildew, saline-alkaline and flaking. These diseases have a close relationship with the microenvironment of each grotto. Moreover, the LC analysis showed the PVAc look like remained practically the same reinforce effect, regardless of changes in time and climate. Thus, the PVAc could be used in the protection of murals for which a controlled environment should be provided to prevent these renewed diseases.
Design, Molecular Docking And In Silico Analysis Of Analogues Of Chloroquine And Hydroxychloroquine Against SARs-COV-2 Target (6w63.pdb)
Authors: Yakubu Naruka Solomon , Poyi Olanike Catherine , Afolabi Ezikiel Olabisi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Computer-aided drug design has been an effective strategy and approach to discover, develop, analyze, accelerate and economize design and development of drugs and biologically active molecules. A total of twelve analogues of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) were designed and virtually analyzed using PyRx software, Molinspiration, Swiss ADME, Swiss-Target Prediction software and ProTox-II-Prediction of toxicity platform. Based on the docking studies carried out using Autodock vina, five analogues; H-368 (-6.0 Kcal/mol), H-372 (--6.0 Kcal/mol), H-156 (-5.9 Kcal/mol), H-139 (-5.7 Kcal/mol), C-136 (-5.7 Kcal/mol) exhibited higher binding affinity compared to HCQ(-5.5 Kcal/mol), while all twelve analogues exhibited higher binding affinity compared to CQ (-4.5Kcal/mol). In silico analysis of toxicity profile of this analogues shows a lower potential to toxicity and a comparable activity on some major isoforms of cytochrome P450. But unlike the parent molecules, both H-139 and H-156 are substrates of P-glycoproteins (P-gp) which implies that these analogues possess high clearance and less pharmacokinetic-related drug-drug interactions compared to the parent molecules. Herein we propose these analogues as potential inhibitors or lead compounds against the coronavirus with a view of conducting more molecular dynamic simulations, synthesizing and conducting in vitro studies on them.
Assessing the effects of four SUDS scenarios on combined sewer overflows in Oslo, Norway: evaluating the low-impact development module of the Mike Urban model
Authors: Hernes Ragni R. , Gragne Ashenafi S. , Abdalla Elhadi M. H. , Braskerud Bent C. , Alfredsen Knut , Muthanna Tone M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Paved surfaces, increased precipitation intensities in addition to limited capacity in the sewer systems, cause a higher risk of combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Sustainable drainage systems (SUDS) offer an alternative approach to mitigate CSO by managing the stormwater locally. Seven SUDS scenarios, developed based on the concept of effective impervious area reduction, have been implemented in the Grefsen catchment using the Mike Urban model. This study evaluated the hydrological performance of two SUDS controls (i.e. green roof (GR) and rain garden (RG)) modules of the model and the effect of the SUDS scenarios on the CSOs using event-based and continuous simulations. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) along with flow duration curves (FDCs) has been used for evaluating the model performance. Event-based evaluations revealed the superior performance of the RG in reducing CSOs for larger precipitation events, while GRs were proven to have beneficial outcomes during smaller events. The study illustrated another way of assessing the continuous simulations by employing the FDCs. The FDCs were assessed against a discharge threshold at the outlet (which authorities can set as design criteria) of the catchment in terms of the extent, each scenario reduced occurrence and duration of outflow that invokes flow in the overflow pipe.
Respirometric techniques coupled with laboratory-scale tests for kinetic and stoichiometric characterisation of fungal and bacterial tannin-degrading biofilms
Authors: Spennati F. , Mora M. , Bardi A. , Becarelli S. , Siracusa G. , Di Gregorio S. , Gabriel D. , Mori G. , Munz G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In environmental biotechnology applications for wastewater treatment, bacterial-based bioprocesses are mostly implemented; on the contrary, the application of fungal-based bioprocesses, is still challenging under non-sterile conditions. In a previous laboratory-scale study, we showed that when specific tannins are used as the sole carbon source, fungi can play a key role in the microbial community, under non-sterile conditions and in the long term. In a previous study, an engineered ecosystem, based on fungal tannin biodegradation, was successfully tested in a laboratory-scale bioreactor under non-sterile conditions. In the present study, a kinetic and stoichiometric characterisation of the biomass developed therein was performed through the application of respirometric techniques applied to the biomass collected from the above-mentioned reactor. To this aim, a respirometric set-up was specifically adapted to obtain valuable information from tannin-degrading fungal biofilms. A mathematical model was also developed and applied to describe both the respirometric profiles and the experimental data collected from the laboratory-scale tests performed in the bioreactor. The microbial growth was described through a Monod-type kinetic equation as a first approach. Substrate inhibition, decay rate and tannin hydrolysis process were included to better describe the behaviour of immobilised biomass selected in the tannin-degrading bioreactor. The model was implemented in AQUASIM using the specific tool Biofilm Compartment to simulate the attached fungal biofilm. Biofilm features and transport parameters were either measured or assumed from the literature. Key kinetic and stoichiometric unknown parameters were successfully estimated, overcoming critical steps for scaling-up a novel fungal-based technology for tannins biodegradation.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ЩІЛЬНОСТІ КІСТКОВОЇ ТКАНИНИ ПРИ ХІРУРГІЧНОМУ ЛІКУВАННІ АТРОФІЇ КОМІРКОВОГО ВІДРОСТКА ВЕРХНЬОЇ ЩЕЛЕПИ ТА ЧАСТИНИ НИЖНЬОЇ ЩЕЛЕПИ У ЖІНОК ПОСТМЕНОПАУЗАЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Солоджук Ю. І. , Рожко М. М. , Ярмошук І. Р. , Денисенко О. Г. , Пантус А. В. 
Published: July 2020

Вступ. Вимірювання кісткової щільності на основі даних конусно-променевої комп'ютерної томографії вважається достовірним, оскільки при даному методі виміри проводяться на основі об'єктивно відкаліброваної шкали Гаунсфілда.
Мета дослідження – оцінка щільності кісткової тканини верхньої та нижньої щелеп у жінок постменопаузального віку з остеопенією до та після хірургічного лікування атрофії кісткової тканини щелеп з використанням остеопластичного матеріалу та осеїн-гідроксиапатитного комплексу.
Матеріали і методи дослідження. Нами було проведено спостереження за 63 жінками в постменопаузального періоду з остеопенією, віком від 50 до 59 років. Всі дані КПКТ було переглянуто за допомогою Оne Volume Viewer після чого були експортовані за допомогою програмного забезпечення SIMPLANT 11.04. Після чого в програмному забезпеченні SIMPLANT 11.04 відбувався розрахунок щільності кісткової тканини.
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. При проведенні визначення щільності кісткової тканини у хворих І групи перед хірургічним втручанням середнє значення показників щільності кісткової тканини складало 434,25±123,11 (р˂0,05) одиниць Гаунсфілда. При вимірюванні показників щільності кісткової тканини у хворих другої групи перед хірургічним втручанням складало 395,45±76,21 одиниць Гаунсфілда. В ІІІ досліджувальній групі показники щільності кісткової тканини перед хірургічним втручанням складали 579,87±98,43 одиниць Гаунсфілда.
Висновки За результатами дослідження виявлено високу ефективність використання осеїн-гідроксиапатитного комплексу при хірургічному лікуванні атрофії кісткової тканини щелеп у жінок постменопаузального віку з остеопенією.
Poetic Discourse in Baptism / Objective Study - Critical
Authors: Shakir Nzar Shwkr 
Published: July 2020

يدل الخطاب الشعري بوصفه ملمحاً أدبياً على جملة من المعطيات ، لعلَّ أحدها ما يأتي في ضوء خاصية التنوّع الذي يشهده ظرفه ، بعد التحولات التي ترصد ضمن حقله الدلالي وسياقه التاريخي وهذا ما ينسحب من جانب على ما صدر من شعر كان المقصود به خطاب المعتمد بن عبّاد (ت 488هـ) ولعل قول المقّري يلخّص كثيراً من أخباره ، ويغني عن الإطالة غير المرغوب فيها في هذا المجال ولاسيما بعد أن كانت كثيرة : " وأخبار المعتمد بن عبّاد ، وما رآه من الملك والعز في كل حاضر وباد وماقاساه في الأسر ، من الضيق والعسر ، وسوء العيش أمر عجيب ، يتعظ به العاقل الأريب ، وأمّا ما مدحته به الشعراء وأجوبته لهم في حالي يُسْره وعُسره ، وملكه وأسره وطيه ونشره ، وتجهُّمه وبشره ، فهو كثير وفي كتب التواريخ منه نظيم ونثير ... ، وفي المعتمد وأبيه المعتضد يقول بعض الشعراء
The Role of the Capital Structure in Supporting the Strength of the Budgets of Iraqi Companies for the Period (2008-2011)
Authors: Abdulla Al-Bamarny Basam Ahmad , Ahmed Ammar Shihab 
Published: July 2020

To play any economic unit to exercise its work to achieve its goals during the financial period, they should work to create the necessary funds for the exercise of various activities, and these funds are provided by the shareholders, but if the capital is not sufficient to meet the needs they resort to other sources, such as access on long-term loans, according to a number of variables such as the size of the company and the nature of its activity practiced, and these funds, whether provided by the shareholders or that have been borrowed called to the capital structure and have a direct impact on the financing of assets and of the right side of the balance sheet, it becomes this Money highly effective if the company was able to invest at a rate of return than the cost of loans.
The study concluded that the capital structure that supports the power budgets of companies contribute to Iraq through the financing of assets and support the rights of owners, so it has to be re-invested to achieve a return on these assets and increase property rights, so the study recommends improving the operational performance of the companies of the Iraqi contribution including the consequent increase in the rate of return on investment, without a change in the capital structure of the companies.