bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOIL PORE SIZE DISTRIBUTION AT DIFFERENT CARBONATE MINERALS CONTENT
Authors: & Naji Mahdi 
Published: June 2020

Pore space, especially pore size distribution is one of the important properties affecting soil infiltration, hydraulic conductivity, and water retention. To examine the effect of carbonate minerals on pore size distribution, soil material with loam texture was used to prepare nine soil materials containing wide range of carbonate minerals (3.2 - 352 g kg-1). The soil-water retention curve (θ(ψ)) was estimated. Computer program (RETC code) was used to determine the best-fit for experimental data of water potential versus volumetric water content which have nonlinear relationship to determine the parameter of van Genuchten equation [α, n and m with m=1-(1/n)]. The capillary rise equation (young-laplace equation) was used to estimate the effective pore diameter (D). The results show that pore space was affected by carbonate minerals contents. Air pores (> 30 μm) increased 1.4 fold with increasing carbonate minerals at the same time capillary pores filled with water (< 30 μm) decreased by 1.3 folds. The relative of water volume to total soil volume ranged between 0.27 and 0.21 cm3cm-3 for carbonate minerals content 3.2 and 352 g kg-1 respectively. At 10 kPa the amount of water lost increased with increasing carbonate minerals content, where soil sample with 352 g.kg-1 carbonate minerals lost water more than soil sample with 3.2 g.kg-1 carbonate minerals by 42%. The percentage of pores (< 30 μm) ranged from 67% to 79% and the pores (> 30 μm) ranged from 33% to 21%. It can be concluded that high carbonate minerals content in the soil led to change in pore size distribution, where air-filled pores increased and capillary pores filled with water (water holding capacity) decreased at different degree from sample to another.
ANTIOXIDANT AND LIPID PEROXIDANTION INHIBITORY OF COMPOUNDS IN COMMON BUCKWHEAT
Authors: Neamah S. I. 
Published: June 2020

Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is recognized as a healthy food in many countries because it is nutrient-rich crop. The objectives of this study was to investigate the succesful farming for buckwheat plants in the Iraqi environmental conditions, extraction and estimation of the most important nutritional and medicinal compounds from seeds plant and it᾽s effectiveness in the inhibition of lipids peroxidation which considered to be the causative agent of the free radicals formation in vivo.The hexane and methanolic extraction gave many compounds from buckwheat seeds. NMR were used to determine many of the natural compounds for buckwheat plants seeds after many steps of the purification processes, using many solutions and mobile phases including: Linoleic acid, Triglyceride, Stearic acid, Ferulic acid, Flavonoid glycoside and Flavon glycoside. Compounds Linolieic acid, Ferulic acid, Flavonoid glycoside and Flavon glycoside showed activity values of 0.285, 0.362, 0.356 and 0.442 respectively at 250 µg/mL concentration in the MTT assay and inhibited LPO by 58, 73, 93 and 76% respectively at 250 µg/mL concentration. It is clear that buckwheat have strong antioxidant and lipid Peroxidation inhibitory. nd
GRAIN YIELD ADN YIELD COMPONENTS OF CORN AS INFLUENCED BY HARVESTING MOISTURE
Authors: & Alkazaali Baktash 
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted during spring and fall seasons, 2015 , at the fields of Field Crop Department – College of Agriculture –University of Baghdad. The objective was to study grain yield and yield components of corn in next generation as influenced by harvesting moisture in the first generation . In spring season 2015 , seeds of the variety 2018 was planted using 75 cm between rows and 25 cm within the rows. When moisture of the ear grains reach the first treatment (37-42%), ten ears were harvested. Ear harvesting dates were performed manually when the grains had 37-42%, 34-36% , 30-33% , 25- 28% and 19-22% moisture content. Then, the grains were naturally dried to 15.5 %. In fall season 2015 , varietal trail was carried out with the five treatment materials , using Randomized Complete Bock Design , with four replicates . The results revealed significant differences among treatments for all the studied traits . The highest number of grains (614 grains ear-1) and (4224 grains m-2), were produced from plants grown from seeds with (25-28)%, which significantly differs from other treatments . The highest grain weight ( 266 mg), grain yield (159.46 g.plant-1) and ( 10.70 t.ha-1) , were produced from the plants at the moisture content (19-22)% . It could be conclude , that the suitable corn grain moisture harvest for production seeds for next generation are (19-22)% .
EFFECT OF GRINDED OLIVE LEAVES SUPPLIMENTATION IN MILK PRODUCTION AND ITS COMPONENTS AND SOME BLOOD TRAITS IN NATIVE DOES.
Authors: & et al. AL-Musawi 
Published: June 2020

The present study was carried out at the Animal Farm College of Veterinary Medicine University of Baghdad during the period from 20/4/2015 to1/6/2015. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of olive leaves (grinded) supplementation to diet on milk yield, composition and some blood biochemical parameters.Ten local lactating goats and its mean initial live body weight41.38± 0.46 kg, and 2-3.5 years old were allocated according to their body weight and milk yield into two groups (5does/group). The first one (G1) was control, the second (G2) fed on diet with 2% olive leaves powder (of diet weight). The animals in both groups were fed the experimental diets 2 % DM of live body weight plus alfalfa hay (1 kg / head/day). Results showed the olive leaves powder supplementation had no significant effect on the average body weight in the end of experiment, while the milk production was significantly (P<0.05)increased in (G2) being 13.68 kg/Doe compared with 10.76 kg/Doe(G1), milk compositions (lactose. protein and fat percentage) and milk energy value did not significantly different between (G1) and (G2).Moreover blood biochemical parameters did not different in both groups. It can be concluded that olive leaves powder exerted have beneficial effects on the performance of lactating goats and no effect on blood biochemical parameters.
SINGLE HYBRIDS OF OKRA FOR PROTECTED CULTIVATION BY FULL DIALLEL CROSSES AND ESTIMATION OF SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS
Authors: & Alwan Al-Karagholi 
Published: June 2020

Field experiment was conducted during 2015 spring season on Okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L.Moench) grown under protected cultivation in the Research and Studies Department - Horticulture Office at Abu Ghraib, to study combining ability and some genetic parameters. Six pure lines ( S1 , S2, , S3 , S4 , S5 , S6 ) were crosses using full diallel crosses. The crosses , parents and hybrid H-597 compared , using RCBD, with tow replicates . Results showed that the promise hybrid in the yield per plant and pods number and the number of flowers was S1 × S3, followed by hybrids S3 × S6 and S5 × S3. The gene action for number of flowers and number of pods in diallel and reciprocal hybrids and the early flowering and yield per plant in diallel hybrid was non additive .pod weight in the diallel and reciprocal early flowering and yield per plants in the reciprocal hybrid from additive one . The broad sense heritability was high for all the studied traits, while the narrow sense heritability were highest for the early flowering, pods number, weight of pods and yield per plant in reciprocal and low in diallel hybrids . The pure lines S1, S3 , S5 had highest general combining ability, while the crosses S1 × S3 , S3 × S6 and S5 × S3 gave the highest specific combining ability, producing the highest plant yield with 553.25, 536.90 and 536.80 g.plant-1, respectively.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF CYTOKININS AND AUXINS IN THE COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTION OF IN VITRO PLANTLETS HIPPEASTRUM HYBRIDUM
Authors: & Salman Al-Amery 
Published: June 2020

The First Part of this study was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture Lab at the College of Science, University of Nahrain from October 2014 to February,2015. The experiment was then completed in the Plant Tissue Culture Lab at the College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad From February 2015 to September 2015. Examine the possibility of using the tissue culture technique in the propagation of Hippeastrum hybridum. Explants (Bulbs, Leaves) had been sterilized using four different NaOCL concentrations: % 4.0, 2.0, 1.0, 0.0. After sterilization, explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with BA at four concentrations (2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.0 mg.liter-1) and NAA at four concentrations (0.5, 0.3, 0.1, 0. 0 mg.liter-1) to obtain plantlets. Afterwards, plantlets were moved to new MS media supplemented with BA (2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.0 mg.liter-1) and with or without four concentrations of NAA (0.5, 0.3, 0.1, 0.0 mg.liter-1) to enhance shoot proliferation. The resulted shoots from the best proliferation-enhance media were divided into two parts the first part was transferred to root-promoting media which also included two experiments where the first experiment was by transferring the shoots to MS media (half and full strength) supplemented with NAA at four concentrations (0.5, 0.3, 0.1, and 0.0 mg.liter-1). The second experiment included the best resulted shoots from the first experiment in addition to (0 and 2 mg.liter-1) actived charcoal to increase root percentage, root count, and root length.The resulted plants were acclimatized using peatmoss/soli mixture at the ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 to obtain high surviving ratio. Results showed that the best explant(Bulbs, Leaves) was soaking in 3% NaOCl for 10 min. the results also showed that the leaves gave best response 90% when using MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg.liter-1 BA and 0.3 mg.liter-1 NAA when compared with the bulbs that showed low response profile. Furthermore, the best shoot proliferation media was MS supplemented with 1.0 mg.liter-1 BA and 0.3 mg.liter-1 NAA which resulted in 8.30 shoots.plant-1. The best rooting percentage was obtained when culturing the shoots in half strength MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg.liter-1 NAA with the existence of activated charcoal. The surviving percentage reached 95% when using the previously mentionedpeatmoss-soil/mixtures.
EFFECT OF BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCED FROM LOCALISOLATES OF PSEUDOMONAS PUTIDA AND PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS BACTERIA ON SOME SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND YIELD OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L( A- YIELD COMPONENTS
Authors: & et al. Abed 
Published: June 2020

Field experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with three replicates to evaluate the effect of biofertilizer of Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens seperatally or together with peatmoss or bentonite as carriers in interaction with four mineral fertilizer levels zero, 25%, 50%, and 75% of the recommended level on the growth and yield of wheat (Alrasheed varity). Tow control treatments were used, the first included no addition of biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer and the second included the addition of the recommended level (100%) of mineral fertilizer. The highest value of grain yield was achieved with the treatment of mixed bacterial isolates with an increment mineral fertilizer which to 5.75 Mgha-1 which increased 41.7% compared to first control treatment and 0.9% over the second control treatment. The highest biological yield was achieved mixed bacterial culture with bentonite and 75% of the recommended level of mineral fertilizer giving 16.20 Mgha-1 with an increment of 18.8% compared to first control treatment and 11.2% over the second control treatment. The weight of 1000 grain was 47.43g which increased by 21% over the first control treatment and7.4% over the second control treatment with the treatment that include the addition of Pseudomonas fluorescens with bentonite and 50% of the recommended level of mineral fertilizer.
EFFECT OF BIOFERTILLIZER PRODUCED FROM LOCAL ISOLATES OF Pseudomonas putida AND Pseudomonas fluorescens ON SOME SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AND YIELD OF WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L) B -CONCENTRATIONS OF SOME NUTRIENTS IN SOIL
Authors: & et al. Abed 
Published: June 2020

Field experiment was conducted by using randomized complete block design with three replicates to evaluate the effect of biofertilizer of Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens alone or together with peatmoss or bentonite as carriers interacted with four mineral fertilizer levels (zero , 25% , 50% , and 75%) of the recommended level on the growth and yield of wheat (Alrasheed varity) , tow control treatments were used ,the first with out of biofertilizer and mineral fertilizer and the second included the addition of the recommended level (100%) of mineral fertilizer Significant ,effect of the addition of biofertilizer supplemented with mineral fertilizer for concentrations N,P,K,Fe and Zn , the N was 59.63mg.N.Kg-1 soil in B2C1M2 which increased by 322.9% over the first control treatment, 49.33 63mg.P.Kg-1 soil in B1C2M3 which increased by 252.3% over the first control treatment , 295mg.K.Kg-1 soil in B3C2M3 which increased by 118.5% over the first control treatment, 10.07mg.Fe.Kg-1 soil in B2C1M0 which increased by 108.4% over the first control treatment, 1.6163mg.Zn.Kg-1 soil in B1C2M2 which increased by 108.4% over the first control treatment .
EFFECT OF THE RESIUDAL OF SULFUR IN SOIL AND APPLICATION OF N,P,K FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT
Authors: Zeboon N. H. 
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was conducted at the fields of field Crops Dept.- Coll. of Agric.Univ. of Baghdad during winter season 2012 – 2013 . The objective of this experiment was to know the effect of the residual on of sulfur in soil and NPK fertilizers on some growth, yield components and grain yield of bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. , variety Abu – Ghraib 3. This experiment carried out , using factorial experiment within Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicats . The first variable, influence of sulfur residual from last season (0 ,2 ,4 ,6) Mg. ha-1 . The second variable, was the same quantity from NPK , which added last season and half of this quantity of the last season from NPK . The results revealed , that the residual sulfur effected significantly on some growth and yield component. The sulfer level 2 Mg ha-1 produced highest grain yield (8.494 Mg. ha-1) and biological yield (31.11 Mg. ha-1) .Using half quantity of NPK effected on some yield components but didn,t effect on grain yield and biological yield . It can be concluded that wheat plants could be useable from agriculture sulfur, which added to the wheat field at the last season with level of 2 Mg. ha-1.
EFFECT OF KINTEIN AND SALICYLIC ACID ON CARRYFFLOWER (Carthamus tinctorius L.) TOLERENCG WATER-STRESS
Authors: & Hamed Mohammed 
Published: June 2020

This experiment was carried out at the plant garden -Science Dep. of Sciences College of Basic Education, Almustansriyah Univ. the objective was to study the effect of Kinetin and Salicylic acid at two growth stages, using split–split plot design with three replicates .Irrigative treatment (every 3,6,9 weeks) .and main plots , plant regulators (control, Kinetin spray and Salicylic acid spray ) as sub plots, while,growth regulator spray stages(tillring initiation, flowers budinitiation sub-sub plots The results were revealed, The Plants which irrigated every 3 and 6 weeks look longer time from 100% flowering to physiological watering(66.67 , 68.22 days)highest number of heads.plants-1 ( 45 .00 ,38.56 heads.Plant-1.Theplants which irrigated every 6 weeks produced highest seed yield( 3159.17 kg .ha-1) harvest index(51.57%) oil percent(37.63).The plants sprayed salicylic acid produc ed highest, plant highest, biological yield ,water use efficiency .The results were revealed possibility of Kinetin spraying during the vegetative growth and Salicylic acid during fertilization stage , helpstoincrease seed yield and oil percent.
EFFECT OF LACTOFERRIN ADDITION TO THE SEMEN OF AWASSI RAMS ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SPERMS
Authors: & Houbi Mahdi 
Published: June 2020

This experiment was conducted at the Animal Production Department farm to the College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, located at Jadreya during the period of 21 September 2015 to 24 February 2016 using Four Awasi rams aged 2-4 years and the average weight was 52 kg. Semen collection from rams was done twice weekly by using the artificial vagina to study the effect of using the lactoferrin protein as a replacement by the antibiotic in the semen for controlling the contamination of bacteria in the semen. Four treated groups were used, the control (normal antibiotic Streptomycin 100 mg\100ml Penicillin 100.000 IU / 100ml) , second ,third and fourth treatment groups was used a lactoferrin protein with the contamination of 400, 800 and 1200 mg \ L-1 , respectively . All additions of the antibiotic and lactoferrin were done to the semen after dilution. Semen from all rams was pooled and the final volume was divided by four parts to groups .The semen diluent was kept at the refrigerator 5 C for 5 days, and every day the physical characteristic was done which included. The individual motility, dead and abnormal sperm, concentration of sperm, mass activity, integrity of the plasma membrane (HOST %) The results showed that: the individual motility of sperm was significantly increased) for all treated groups on the second, third, fourth and the fifth day of semen preservation. No significant difference in the percentage of live sperm as a result of adding lactoferrin to the semen. There were no significant increase) in the hyper osmotic sperm test (HOST%) between the control and treatment groups. The abnormality of sperm did not differ between the control and the treated groups.
EVALUATION THE PERFORMANCE OF DEVELOPED MOLDBOARD PLOW AND It's EFFECT ON SOME PERFORMANCE INDICATORS OF THE MECHINERY UNIT
Authors: & et al. Al-Alabiedi 
Published: June 2020

A field experiment was conducted in Alshakha area in Alexandria region in 2013, which lies 50 km south of Baghdad province, in order to evaluate the performance of the modified moldboard plow and its effect on some technical indicators of machinery unit percentage of slip, pulling power practice productivity and the size of disturbed soil. complete randomized block design and split plot design was used tillage depth included 15, 20 and 25 cm, levels with machinery speed included 2.6 and 3.6 km / h which represented sub plot ,were shaded in this study. The result were shoved that the lowest percentage of slippage and less pulling power and less a matter of the size of the soil and the highest productivity process when tillage depth of 15 cm, was obtained to less percentage slip and less pulling power when tug speed of 2.6 km / h. The overlap between the plowing depth of 15 cm and tug speed 2.6 km / h to obtain the lowest percentage of slippage and less strength and less drag size of the soil raised.
THE INPUT AGRICULTURAL INITIATION IN IMPROVEMENT RURAL WOMAN REALITY IN PROVINCES BABYLON AND HOLY KARBALA
Authors: & Eskander Al-Taiy 
Published: June 2020

The aim of this research is to identify agricultural loans reality of rural woman in the field Agricultural Initiation in Babylon, Holy Karbala for the period 2010- 2014 and level Benefit from it; and to determine problems of rural woman Borrowers. Data were collected from 100 rural woman Borrowers was about 14.3 from 700 rural woman during 25- 2-2015 unite l0- 4-2015 through questionnaire and interview. The four dimensional standard has been used to measure the degree of Benefit from it of rural woman from Agricultural Initiation, That included 22articlesd distributed on5 axes. The results showed that Averages of agricultural loans in 2010- 2014 is 4.85 M.ID /year. The results also showed weighted arithmetic mean for problems of rural woman (1.36-4) degree on weight percentile (34-100)%. and Satisfaction level of Benefit from agricultural loans is A small group The research recommends Activating the Monitoring and evaluation System of Program Agricultural Initiation.
EFFECT OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT ON INJURED LIVER INDUCED BY ACETAAMINOPHEN IN RABBITS ADULT MALE
Authors: Mashi S. K. 
Published: June 2020

Green tea is consider as a natural sources of antioxidants used to treat pathological changes occurring as a result of using of many drugs particularly in the liver tissue. Forty adult male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups (10 rabbits /group) and were treated daily for 30 days as follows: first group (c): is the control group , second group (T1) : rabbits in this group were allowed to ad libitum supply of drinking water containing 2.5 gm /kg b.w of green tea extract , Third group (T2): rabbits in this group received 500 mg/kg b.w. of acetaminophen orally, fourth group (T3) : rabbits in this group were allowed to ad libitum supply of drinking water containing 2.5 gm /kg b.w. of green tea extract and received 500mg/kg b.w. of Acetaminophen orally. blood samples were collected for measuring the liver enzymes, cholesterol and triglyceride in blood serum at 15 and 30 days of experience. The results of this study revealed that oral intubation of acetaminophen for 30 days caused hepatic dysfunction manifested by a significant elevation(P<0.05) in the serum AST,ALT ALP cholesterol and triglyceride while the animals received GTE with acetaminophen (T3) for 30 days showed a considerable decrease(P<0.05) in serum AST, ALT,ALP, cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The histological section showed pathological changes in the liver tissue in (T2) group while giving green tea with acetaminophen was effective in modified these changes into semi normal.
RESPONSE OF VEGETATIVE GROWTH FOR THE TREATMENT OF ORGANIC NUTRIENT AND CALCIUM CHLORIDE FOR GERBERA PLANT Gerbera jamesonii
Authors: &   Majeed Jawad 
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted in the lath house, Horticultural Department, College of Agriculture – University of Baghdad- Jadriya during the spring and autumn seasons 2015 to investigate the influence of humic acid spray and calcium chloride spray on f “Yanara” gerbera cultivar. This study included two factors; humic acid spray (H) and calcium chloride spray (Ca). The first factor four levels were used, 0, (H0), 5 (H5), 7.5 (H7.5) and 10 (H10) ml.L-1 and four levels of calcium chloride, 0 (Ca0), 50 (Ca50), 100 (Ca100) and 150 (Ca150) mg.L-1. Each treatment replicated three times with a factorial experiment using RCBD. Five plants in experimental unit and the number of plants used was 240 trees. The experimental results showed that humic acid at 10 ml.L-1 and calcium chloride at 150 mg.L-1 (Ca150H0) significantly gave the highest leaves number of 11.20 and 11.47 leaves, the highest leaf area of 195.21 and 210.25 cm2, the highest plant dry weight of 16.92 and 17.95gm, the highest leaf nitrogen content of 2.50 and 2.45 %, highest leaf phosphor content of 0.37 and 0.44% and the highest leaf calcium content of 3.17 and 3.45% for both seasons, respectively. The lowest value of these parameters was found in the control (Ca0H0) treatment. It could be concluded of this experiment that the humic acid at level H10 and calcium chloride at level Ca150 improved vegetative characteristics and leaf mineral content gerbera plant cv. Yanara