bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric Resonance of Axially Accelerating Unidirectional Plates Partially Immersed in Fluid
Authors: Li Hongying , Zhang Shumeng , Li Jian , Wang Xibo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates the nonlinear vibration of an axially accelerating moving plate considering fluid–structure interaction. Nonlinear coupled equations of motion are derived by means of Kármán plate theory, the Galerkin method is then applied to transform the nonlinear partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The steady-state response, various bifurcations, and chaotic behavior of the system are studied by the multiple scales method and Runge–Kutta method. The dynamical characteristics of the system are examined via response curves and bifurcation diagrams of Poincaré maps. By three-dimension bifurcation diagrams, change of motion state can be easily observed along with the variation of system parameters during the whole parametric space; meanwhile, it is found that fluctuation amplitude plays a most significant role in the change of motion state for the fluid–structure coupling system.
Unequivocally Nonconservative Results From One Method of Imperfection Quantification in RCC-MR
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Chatterjee Anindya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Design against buckling of thin shells at high temperatures often follows the code RCC-MR. RCC-MR allows three methods to quantify shell imperfections for use in safe load calculations, where lower imperfection values raise the safe load estimates. In recent work, we showed that the third of these methods can sometimes yield remarkably low imperfection values, leading to potentially nonconservative designs, but nonconservatism of the method was not proved. Here, we prove nonconservatism in two designs based on the third method. Proving such nonconservatism is difficult using experiments or with large material nonlinearity in simulations. We first discuss these difficulties to motivate our approach. We then present two examples: a spherical shell and a torispherical shell, both under external pressure. The shell walls are thin enough so that plasticity is not encountered before structural collapse. For specific shape imperfections, we show with geometrically nonlinear, purely elastic, highly refined, post-buckling analysis using abaqus that the physical loads at which the imperfect shells collapse are overpredicted via RCC-MR's third method by factors of about 8/7 and 11/10, respectively. We emphasize that code-based design using nonlinear simulation prescribes a further safety factor of 2.5, which we have denied ourselves here in order to give the third method the benefit of doubt. We conclude that the third imperfection quantification method in RCC-MR should be reexamined.
Heat Conduction and Temperature Rise for a Planar Movable Tooth Drive
Authors: Xu Lizhong , Yao Peini 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Planar movable tooth drives have a compact structure. However, as the size decreases, the heat dissipation capacity decreases; therefore, temperature control is required. A heat conduction model of the drive system, including the central wheel and movable tooth, is established, and the meshing point of the movable tooth and center wheel is considered the heat source. The heat flux density at the meshing point is determined, and the analytical equations describing the temperature increases of the center wheel and the movable tooth are derived. The effects of the input power and system parameters on the temperature increase of the system are analyzed. The results show that the temperature difference of the movable tooth is about 1.5 times the temperature of the center wheel, and the temperature increase near the heat source decreases by more than 15 °C as the movable tooth radius increases from 2 mm to 2.5 mm. The movable tooth radius and center distance have significant effects on the temperature increase and can be used as control parameters to prevent a temperature increase of the drive.
Performance Improvement of a Domestic Liquefied Petroleum Gas Cook Stove Using an Extended Spill-Tray and an Annular Metal Insert
Authors: Das Mithun , Ganguly Ranjan , Datta Amitava , Verma Meenam M. , Bera Ashis K. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is widely used as a cooking fuel as it has higher energy content and produces lower emissions compared to other traditional fuels. Due to massive demand for LPG, aside from its limited reserve, performance improvement of the LPG cook-stoves is essential. In the present work, the thermal efficiency of a traditional cook stove has been studied both experimentally and numerically for LPG fuel. Based on the knowledge from the computational model concerning flow field and species transport parameters, the conventional cook-stove design has been modified for improving the efficiency. In the modified design of the stove, attachment of an annular metal plate insert and introduction of an extended spill-tray to close the gap around the burner are considered. The modifications result in favourable guidance of the flow of secondary air and hot product gases of combustion to ensure better heat transfer rate to the loading vessel. The thermal efficiency of the modified cook-stove is around 73.6%, which is about 4.7 percentage point improvement from that of an identical stove without the insert and extended spill-try.
Optimization for Liquid Cooling Cylindrical Battery Thermal Management System Based on Gaussian Process Model
Authors: Li Wei , Garg Akhil , Xiao Mi , Gao Liang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The power of electric vehicles (EVs) comes from lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). LIBs are sensitive to temperature. Too high and too low temperatures will affect the performance and safety of EVs. Therefore, a stable and efficient battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for an EV. This article has conducted a comprehensive study on liquid-cooled BTMS. Two cooling schemes are designed: the serpentine channel and the U-shaped channel. The results show that the cooling effect of two schemes is roughly the same, but the U-shaped channel can significantly decrease the pressure drop (PD) loss. The U-shaped channel is parameterized and modeled. A machine learning method called the Gaussian process (GP) model has been used to express the outputs such as temperature difference, temperature standard deviation, and pressure drop. A multi-objective optimization model is established using GP models, and the NSGA-II method is employed to drive the optimization process. The optimized scheme is compared with the initial design. The main findings are summarized as follows: the velocity of cooling water v decreases from 0.3 m/s to 0.22 m/s by 26.67%. Pressure drop decreases from 431.40 Pa to 327.11 Pa by 24.18%. The optimized solution has a significant reduction in pressure drop and helps to reduce parasitic power. The proposed method can provide a useful guideline for the liquid cooling design of large-scale battery packs.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Miniature Additively Manufactured Vortex Tube
Authors: Wallace Gregory , Bunge Carl , Leachman Jacob , Matveev Konstantin I. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Ranque–Hilsch vortex tubes are simple devices that can produce a cooling effect using compressed air. A key advantage of vortex tubes is the lack of moving solid parts; however, their efficiencies are relatively low. The present study focuses on the development of a miniature variable-diameter tube using additive manufacturing. A metal-based 3D printing technique was utilized to fabricate this vortex tube monolithically. Computational fluid dynamics simulations employing software star-ccm+ with a compressible Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) approach and the elliptic-blending lag k-epsilon turbulence model have been applied to model thermofluid processes inside the vortex tube, to good agreement with the experiment. A temperature decrease of 13.3 °C and a cooling power of approximately 4 W were experimentally achieved with a pressure ratio of 4 in the air at normal conditions. This result shows promise for the goal of utilizing additive manufacturing to design and build complex-geometry vortex tubes intended for use with cryogenic fluids.
Vision Screening Assessment (VISA) tool: diagnostic accuracy validation of a novel screening tool in detecting visual impairment among stroke survivors
Authors: Rowe Fiona J , Hepworth Lauren , Howard Claire , Bruce Alison , Smerdon Victoria , Payne Terry , Jimmieson Phil , Burnside Girvan 
Published: June 2020

PurposeScreening for visual problems in stroke survivors is not standardised. Visual problems that remain undetected or poorly identified can create unmet needs for stroke survivors. We report the validation of a new Vision Impairment Screening Assessment (VISA) tool intended for use by the stroke team to improve identification of visual impairment in stroke survivors.MethodsWe conducted a prospective case cohort comparative study in four centres to validate the VISA tool against a specialist reference vision assessment. VISA is available in print or as an app (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency regulatory approved); these were used equally for two groups. Both VISA and the comprehensive reference vision assessment measured case history, visual acuity, eye alignment, eye movements, visual field and visual inattention. The primary outcome measure was the presence or absence of visual impairment.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty-one stroke survivors were screened. Specialist reference vision assessment was by experienced orthoptists. Full completion of screening and reference vision assessment was achieved for 201 stroke survivors. VISA print was completed for 101 stroke survivors; VISA app was completed for 100. Sensitivity and specificity of VISA print was 97.67% and 66.67%, respectively. Overall agreement was substantial; K=0.648. Sensitivity and specificity of VISA app was 88.31% and 86.96%, respectively. Overall agreement was substantial; K=0.690. Lowest agreement was found for screening of eye movement and near visual acuity.ConclusionsThis validation study indicates acceptability of VISA for screening of potential visual impairment in stroke survivors. Sensitivity and specificity were high indicating the accuracy of this screening tool. VISA is available in print or as an app allowing versatile uptake across multiple stroke settings.
Effect of different communication strategies about stopping cancer screening on screening intention and cancer anxiety: a randomised online trial of older adults in Australia
Authors: Smith Jenna , Dodd Rachael H , Hersch Jolyn , Cvejic Erin , McCaffery Kirsten , Jansen Jesse 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo assess different strategies for communicating to older adults about stopping cancer screening.Design4 (recommendation statement about stopping screening)×(2; time) online survey-based randomised controlled trial.SettingAustralia.Participants271 English-speaking participants, aged 65–90, screened for breast/prostate cancer at least once in past decade.InterventionsTime 1: participants read a scenario in which their general practitioner (GP) informed them about the potential benefits and harms of cancer screening, followed by double-blinded randomisation to one of four recommendation statements to stop screening: control (‘this screening test would harm you more than benefit you’), health status (‘your other health issues should take priority’), life expectancy framed positively (‘this test would not help you live longer’) and negatively (‘you may not live long enough to benefit’). Time 2: in a follow-up scenario, the GP explained why guidelines changed over time (anchoring bias intervention).MeasuresPrimary outcomes: screening intention and cancer anxiety (10-point scale, higher=greater intention/anxiety), measured at both time points. Secondary outcomes: trust (in their GP, the information provided, the Australian healthcare system), decisional conflict and knowledge of the information presented.Results271 participants’ responses analysed. No main effects were found. However, screening intention was lower for the negatively framed life expectancy versus health status statement (6.0 vs 7.1, mean difference (MD)=1.1, p=0.049, 95% CI 0.0 to 2.2) in post hoc analyses. Cancer anxiety was lower for the negatively versus positively framed life expectancy statement (4.8 vs 5.8, MD=1.0, p=0.025, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.9). The anchoring bias intervention reduced screening intention (MD=0.8, p=0.044, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.0) and cancer anxiety (MD=0.3, p=0.002, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.4) across all conditions.ConclusionOlder adults may reduce their screening intention without reporting increased cancer anxiety when clinicians use a more confronting strategy communicating they may not live long enough to benefit and add an explicit explanation why the recommendation has changed.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618001306202; Results).
Does accreditation of general practice promote patient-reported quality of care? A natural cluster randomised experiment
Authors: Riisgaard Helle , Waldorff Frans Boch , Kirstine Andersen Merethe , Pedersen Line Bjørnskov 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate whether accreditation of general practice in Denmark promotes patient-reported quality of care and patient satisfaction.DesignA national cluster randomised case control study based on an online version of the Danish Patients Evaluate Practice questionnaire. Mixed effects ordered logit regression models taking account of clustering of patients in different municipalities were used in the analyses.SettingGeneral practice in Denmark.ParticipantsA representative sample of the Danish population.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was patient-reported quality of care, and patient satisfaction with general practice and patient satisfaction with the general practitioner served as secondary outcome measures.ResultsIn total, 3609 respondents answered the survey. We found no statistically significant relationships between patient-reported quality of care and practice accreditation (2016: OR=0.89, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.07 and 2017: OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.02) and between patient satisfaction with the general practitioner and accreditation (2016: OR=0.93, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.13 and 2017: OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.04). However, there was a statistically significant negative relationship between patient satisfaction with the general practice and recent practice accreditation compared with satisfaction with practices not yet accredited (OR=0.81, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.97) but no significant relationship between patient satisfaction with the general practice and previous accreditation (OR=0.91, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.09).ConclusionAccreditation does not promote patient-reported quality of care or patient satisfaction. On the contrary, patient satisfaction with the general practice decreases when general practice is recently accredited.
Quality of healthcare for children with severe acute malnutrition in a refugee setting: cross-sectional study in West Nile Region, Uganda
Authors: Lazzerini Marzia , Wanzira Humphrey , Lochoro Peter , Ndunguste Amos , Ictho Jerry , Katungi Ambrose , Mariani Ilaria , Putoto Giovanni 
Published: June 2020

Objectives5.0 million annual deaths in low-income and middle-income countries are due to poor quality of care (QOC). We evaluated the QOC provided to malnourished children in West Nile Region in Uganda.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingWest Nile Region, an area hosting over one million refugees.ParticipantsAmong 148 facilities providing nutritional services, 30 randomly selected facilities (20%) and the records of 1467 children with severe acute malnutrition (100% of those attending the 30 facilities during last year) were assessed.OutcomesThe national Nutrition Service Delivery Assessment (NSDA) tool was used to assess capacity areas related to QOC. Case management, data quality and health outcomes were assessed from official health records. Multivariate analysis was performed to explore factors significantly associated with better cure rates.ResultsOf 305 NSDA scores allocated to 30 participating centres, 201 (65.9%) were ‘good’ or ‘excellent’. However, 20 (66.7%) facilities had ‘poor’ ‘quality improvement mechanisms’ and 13 (43.3%) had ‘poor’ ‘human resources’. Overall data quality in official records was poor, while recorded quality of case management was overall fair. Average cure rate was significantly lower than international Sphere standards (50.4% vs 75% p<0.001) with a higher default rate (23.2% vs 15% p<0.001). Large heterogeneity among facilities was detected for all indicators. Refugee-hosting and non-refugee-hosting facilities had a similar cure rate (47.1% vs 52.1%) though transfer rates were higher for those hosting refugees (21.5% vs 1.9%, p<0.001) despite better ‘equipment and supplies’. ‘Good/excellent’ ‘equipment’ and ‘store management’ were significantly associated with better cure rates in outpatient therapeutic centres (+55.9, p<0.001; +65.4, p=0.041, respectively) in multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThough most NSDA capacity areas were rated good or excellent, health outcomes of malnourished children in West Nile Region, both in refugee-hosting and non-refugee-hosting facilities, are significantly below international standards. Effective and sustainable approaches to improve malnourished child health outcomes are needed.
Economic evaluation of surgical treatments for women with stress urinary incontinence: a cost-utility and value of information analysis
Authors: Javanbakht Mehdi , Moloney Eoin , Brazzelli Miriam , Wallace Sheila , Ternent Laura , Omar Muhammad Imran , Monga Ash , Saraswat Lucky , Mackie Phil , Becker Frauke , Imamura Mari , Hudson Jemma , Shimonovich Michal , MacLennan Graeme , Vale Luke , Craig Dawn 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesStress urinary incontinence (SUI) and stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) are common conditions that can have a negative impact on the quality of life of patients and serious cost implications for healthcare providers. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of nine different surgical interventions for treatment of SUI and stress-predominant MUI from a National Health Service and personal social services perspective in the UK.MethodsA Markov microsimulation model was developed to compare the costs and effectiveness of nine surgical interventions. The model was informed by undertaking a systematic review of clinical effectiveness and network meta-analysis. The main clinical parameters in the model were the cure and incidence rates of complications after different interventions. The outcomes from the model were expressed in terms of cost per quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. In addition, expected value of perfect information (EVPI) analyses were conducted to quantify the main uncertainties facing decision-makers.ResultsThe base-case results suggest that retropubic mid-urethral sling (retro-MUS) is the most cost-effective surgical intervention over a 10-year and lifetime time horizon. The probabilistic results show that retro-MUS and traditional sling are the interventions with the highest probability of being cost-effective across all willingness-to-pay thresholds over a lifetime time horizon. The value of information analysis results suggest that the largest value appears to be in removing uncertainty around the incidence rates of complications, the relative treatment effectiveness and health utility values.ConclusionsAlthough retro-MUS appears, at this stage, to be a cost-effective intervention, research is needed on possible long-term complications of all surgical treatments to provide reassurance of safety, or earlier warning of unanticipated adverse effects. The value of information analysis supports the need, as a first step, for further research to improve our knowledge of the actual incidence of complications.
Exploring post acute rehabilitation service use and outcomes for working age stroke survivors (≤65 years) in Australia, UK and South East Asia: data from the international AVERT trial
Authors: Walters Rosy , Collier Janice M , Braighi Carvalho Lillian , Langhorne Peter , Katijjahbe Md Ali , Tan Dawn , Moodie Marj , Bernhardt Julie 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesInformation about younger people of working age (≤65 years), their post stroke outcomes and rehabilitation pathways can highlight areas for further research and service change. This paper describes: (1) baseline demographics; (2) post acute rehabilitation pathways; and (3) 12-month outcomes; disability, mobility, depression, quality of life, informal care and return to work of working age people across three geographic regions (Australasia (AUS), South East (SE) Asia and UK).DesignThis post hoc descriptive exploration of data from the large international very early rehabilitation trial (A Very Early Rehabilitation Trial (AVERT)) examined the four common post acute rehabilitation pathways (inpatient rehabilitation, home with community rehabilitation, inpatient rehabilitation then community rehabilitation and home with no rehabilitation) experienced by participants in the 3 months post stroke and describes their 12-month outcomes.SettingHospital stroke units in AUS, UK and SE Asia.ParticipantsPatients who had an acute stroke recruited within 24 hours who were ≤65 years.Results668 participants were ≤65 years; 99% lived independently, and 88% no disability (modified Rankin Score (mRS)=0) prior to stroke. We had complete data for 12-month outcomes for n=631 (94%). The proportion receiving inpatient rehabilitation was higher in AUS than other regions (AUS 52%; UK 25%; SE Asia 23%), whereas the UK had higher community rehabilitation (UK 65%; AUS 61%; SE Asia 39%). At 12 months, 70% had no or little disability (mRS 0–2), 44% were depressed, 28% rated quality of life as poor or worse than death. For those working prior to stroke (n=228), only 57% had returned to work. A noteworthy number of working age survivors received no rehabilitation services within 3 months post stroke.ConclusionsThere was considerable variation in rehabilitation pathways and post acute service use across the three regions. At 12 months, there were high rates of depression, poor quality of life and low rates of return to work.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12606000185561).