bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating and optimizing the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR) for use in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Means Arianna Rubin , Kemp Christopher G. , Gwayi-Chore Marie-Claire , Gimbel Sarah , Soi Caroline , Sherr Kenneth , Wagenaar Bradley H. , Wasserheit Judith N. , Weiner Bryan J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) is a determinants framework that may require adaptation or contextualization to fit the needs of implementation scientists in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The purpose of this review is to characterize how the CFIR has been applied in LMIC contexts, to evaluate the utility of specific constructs to global implementation science research, and to identify opportunities to refine the CFIR to optimize utility in LMIC settings.MethodsA systematic literature review was performed to evaluate the use of the CFIR in LMICs. Citation searches were conducted in Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Data abstraction included study location, study design, phase of implementation, manner of implementation (ex., data analysis), domains and constructs used, and justifications for use, among other variables. A standardized questionnaire was sent to the corresponding authors of included studies to determine which CFIR domains and constructs authors found to be compatible with use in LMICs and to solicit feedback regarding ways in which CFIR performance could be improved for use in LMICs.ResultsOur database search yielded 504 articles, of which 34 met final inclusion criteria. The studies took place across 21 countries and focused on 18 different health topics. The studies primarily used qualitative study designs (68%). Over half (59%) of the studies applied the CFIR at study endline, primarily to guide data analysis or to contextualize study findings. Nineteen (59%) of the contacted authors participated in the survey. Authors unanimously identifiedcultureandengagingas compatible with use in global implementation research. Only two constructs,patient needs and resourcesandindividual stages of changewere commonly identified as incompatible with use. Author feedback centered on team level influences on implementation, as well as systems characteristics, such as health system architecture. We propose a “Characteristics of Systems” domain and eleven novel constructs be added to the CFIR to increase its compatibility for use in LMICs.ConclusionsThese additions provide global implementation science practitioners opportunities to account for systems-level determinants operating independently of the implementing organization. Newly proposed constructs require further reliability and validity assessments.Trial registrationPROSPERO,CRD42018095762
The time-dependent effects of bipolar radiofrequency energy on bovine articular cartilage
Authors: Peng Liangquan , Li Yusheng , Zhang Kai , Chen Qi , Xiao Lulu , Geng Yiyun , Huang Yong , Zhu Weimin , Lu Wei , Zhang Greg , Deng Zhenhan , Wang Daping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of bipolar radiofrequency energy (bRFE) on chondroplasty at the different time durations in an in vitro experiment that simulated an arthroscopic procedure.

Methods
Six fresh bovine knees were used in our study. Six squares were marked on both the medical and lateral femoral condyles of each femur. Each square was respectively treated with bRFE for 0 s, 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 40 s and 50 s. Full-thickness articular cartilage specimens were harvested from the treatment areas. Each specimen was divided into three distinct parts: one for hematoxylin/eosin staining histology, another for cartilage surface contouring assessment via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the last one for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content measurement.

Results
bRFE caused time-correlated damage to chondrocytes, and GAG content in the cartilage was negatively correlated to exposure time. bRFE caused time-correlated damage to chondrocytes. The GAG content in the cartilage negatively correlated with the exposure time. The sealing effect positively correlated with the exposure time. Additionally, it took at least 20 s of radiofrequency exposure to render a smooth cartilage surface and a score of 2 (normal) in the scoring system used.

Conclusion
bRFE usage in chondroplasty could effectively trim and polish the cartilage lesion area; however, it induces a dose-dependent detrimental effect on chondrocytes and metabolic activity that negatively correlated with the treatment time. Therefore, cautions should be taken in the use of bRFE for treatment of articular cartilage injury.
Jowiseungki decoction affects diabetic nephropathy in mice through renal injury inhibition as evidenced by network pharmacology and gut microbiota analyses
Authors: Meng Xianglong , Ma Junnan , Kang Seok Yong , Jung Hyo Won , Park Yong-Ki 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Jowiseungki decoction (JSD) is a prescription commonly used for the treatment of diabetic complications or diabetic nephropathy (DN) in traditional medicine clinics. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of JSD are still unclear.

Methods
Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN mice were administered 100 and 500 mg/kg JSD for 4 weeks, and the therapeutic mechanisms and targets of JSD were analyzed by network pharmacology and gut microbiota analyses.

Results
JSD significantly decreased the increase in food and water intake, urine volume, fasting blood glucose, serum glucose and triglyceride levels, and urinary albumin excretion. JSD administration significantly increased the decrease in insulin secretion and creatinine clearance and reduced the structural damage to the kidney tissues. Moreover, JSD administration significantly inhibited the expression of protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-α), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the kidney tissues of DN mice, while it significantly increased the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (Akt). In the network pharmacological analysis, JSD obviously influenced phosphatase binding, protein serine/threonine kinase, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related signaling pathways. Our data suggest that JSD can improve symptoms in STZ-induced DN mice through the inhibition of kidney dysfunction, in particular, by regulating the PKCα/PI3K/Akt and NF-κB/α-SMA signaling pathways. Gut microbiota analysis can help to discover the pharmaco-mechanisms of the influence of JSD on bacterial diversity and flora structures in DN.

Conclusion
JSD can improve the symptoms of DN, and the underlying mechanism of this effect is renal protection through the inhibition of fibrosis and inflammation. JSD can also change bacterial diversity and community structures in DN.
Ovarian follicular response to oestrous synchronisation and induction of ovulation in Norwegian Red cattle
Authors: Berg Halldor Felde , Heringstad Bjørg , Alm-Kristiansen Anne Hege , Kvale Vilde Granne , Dragset Knut Ingolf , Waldmann Andres , Ropstad Erik , Kommisrud Elisabeth 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Oestrous synchronisation of cattle has been widely applied to accomplish simultaneous ovulation in animals and facilitate timed artificial insemination. The main aim of this study was to investigate the ovarian follicular growth and ovulatory response to oestrus and ovulation synchronisation in Norwegian Red heifers and cows. Oestrous cycles in 34 heifers and 10 cows from 4 herds were synchronised with two PGF2α analogue treatments 11 days apart, followed by GnRH analogue treatment for induction of ovulation. Thereafter, the ovaries were examined by ultrasonography at 3 h intervals until ovulation.

Results
The luteolytic effect of the PGF2α analogue was verified in 9 of 10 cows by progesterone contents in milk. Maximum physical activity of the cows occurred on average 69 h after PGF2α analogue treatment. An ovulatory response was recorded in 95.5% (42/44) of the animals. A significant difference in follicle size at ovulation was found between 2 of the herds. Animals with medium sized and large follicles and heifers aged > 16 months ovulated earlier than other animals.

Conclusions
The applied sequence of treatments in the study was shown to be effective in synchronizing and inducing ovulation within a relatively narrow time interval in the Norwegian Red heifers and cows, consistent with findings in other cattle breeds.
Regenerative potential of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal cells in canine cutaneous wounds
Authors: Enciso Nathaly , Avedillo Luis , Fermín María Luisa , Fragío Cristina , Tejero Concepción 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have generated a great amount of interest over the past decade as a novel therapeutic treatment for a variety of diseases. Emerging studies have indicated that MSCs could enhance the repair of injured skin in canine cutaneous wounds.

Case presentation
A healthy 2 years old Bodeguero Andaluz dog was presented with multiple skin bite wounds. Antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy was administered for 8 days. On day three, 107 allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) were intradermally injected approximately equidistant to the ASCs treated wounds. Control wounds underwent conventional treatment with a topical antibacterial ointment until wound healing and closure. Wounds, skin morphology and healing progress were monitored via serial photographs and histopathology of biopsies obtained at day seven after ASC treatment. Histopathology revealed absence of inflammatory infiltrates and presence of multiple hair follicles in contrast to the non-ASCs treated control wounds indicating that ASC treatment promoted epidermal and dermal regeneration. ASCs were identified by flow cytometry and RT-PCR. The immunomodulatory role of ASCs was evidenced by coculturing peripheral blood mononuclear cells with allogeneic ASCs. Phytohemagglutinin was administered to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation. Cells were harvested and stained with an anticanine CD3-FITC antibody. The ASCs inhibited proliferation of T lymphocytes, which was quantified by reduction of carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester intensity using flow cytometry.

Conclusions
Compared with conventional treatment, wounds treated with ASCs showed a higher regenerative capacity with earlier and faster closure in this dog.
Herd-level risk factors for cow and calf on-farm mortality in Estonian dairy herds
Authors: Reimus Kaari , Alvåsen Karin , Emanuelson Ulf , Viltrop Arvo , Mõtus Kerli 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
On-farm mortality (unassisted death and euthanasia) is the unwanted loss of animals, and it comes with negative economic consequences. On-farm mortality rates reflect a herd’s animal welfare status. The objective of this historical longitudinal single cohort study was to identify the associations between herd characteristics, animal housing conditions and management routines and within-herd calf and cow mortality rates in participating Estonian dairy herds. All farmers enrolled in the voluntary production recording system with a herd size of 20 or greater cow-years in 2015–2017 were contacted by mail or telephone between October 2017 and March 2018. The survey included questions about management routines and housing conditions of calves up to 3 months of age and of cows. In total, 214 completed questionnaires were returned, corresponding to a 63.3% response rate. The within-herd mortality rate of calves (aged 21–90 days) and cows (cattle over 24 months of age) in years 2017–2018 were calculated and used as outcome variables. Negative binomial and linear regression models were applied for risk factor analysis in calf and cow datasets, respectively.

Results
The median within-herd mortality rate for calves aged 21 to 90 days was 0.15 per 100 calf-months (quartiles 0.00; 0.36). The median within-herd mortality rate for cattle over 24 months of age was 4.57 per 100 cow-years (quartiles 2.44; 6.86). Factors significantly associated with increased mortality of calves were larger herd size, higher proportion of stillbirths and abortions in a herd, prophylactic administration of vitamins to all calves and housing pre-weaned calves in single pens only compared with housing in both single and group pens. Also, farmers who attended more frequent trainings had higher calf mortality rates. Calving in a group pen or in a tie-stall compared with calving in multiple systems was associated with higher calf mortality rates. Higher cow mortality rates were present in herds that had a higher proportion of stillbirths and on farms where employees handled cows. Housing cows in free-stall barns, grazing cows and more frequent hoof trimming were protective for cow on-farm mortality.

Conclusions
This study identified the importance of housing conditions for on-farm cow and calf mortality rates. Our study results suggest that providing good care might ensure better health and welfare of dairy cows and calves.
Design and testing of a centrifugal fluidic device for populating microarrays of spheroid cancer cell cultures
Authors: Weisler Warren , Miller Samuel , Jernigan Shaphan , Buckner Gregory , Bryant Matthew 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
In current cancer spheroid culturing methods, the transfer and histological processing of specimens grown in 96-well plates is a time consuming process. A centrifugal fluidic device was developed and tested for rapid extraction of spheroids from a 96-well plate and subsequent deposition into a molded agar receiver block. The deposited spheroids must be compact enough to fit into a standard histology cassette while also maintaining a highly planar arrangement. This size and planarity enable histological processing and sectioning of spheroids in a single section. The device attaches directly to a 96-well plate and uses a standard centrifuge to facilitate spheroid transfer. The agar block is then separated from the device and processed.

Results
Testing of the device was conducted using six full 96-well plates of fixed Pa14C pancreatic cancer spheroids. On average, 80% of spheroids were successfully transferred into the agar receiver block. Additionally, the planarity of the deposited spheroids was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy. This revealed that, on average, the optimal section plane bisected individual spheroids within 27% of their mean radius. This shows that spheroids are largely deposited in a planar fashion. For rare cases where spheroids had a normalized distance to the plane greater than 1, the section plane either misses or captures a small cross section of the spheroid volume.

Conclusions
These results indicate that the proposed device is capable of a high capture success rate and high sample planarity, thus demonstrating the capabilities of the device to facilitate rapid histological evaluation of spheroids grown in standard 96-well plates. Planarity figures are likely to be improved by adjusting agar block handling prior to imaging to minimize deformation and better preserve the planarity of deposited spheroids. Additionally, investigation into media additives to reduce spheroid adhesion to 96-well plates would greatly increase the capture success rate of this device.
Hematologic adverse events following palbociclib dose reduction in patients with hormone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative advanced breast cancer: pooled analysis from randomized phase 2 and 3 studies
Authors: Ettl Johannes , Im Seock-Ah , Ro Jungsil , Masuda Norikazu , Colleoni Marco , Schnell Patrick , Bananis Eustratios , Lu Dongrui R. , Cristofanilli Massimo , Rugo Hope S. , Finn Richard S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundPalbociclib improves outcomes for women with hormone receptor–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative advanced breast cancer (HR+/HER2− ABC). Dose reductions are recommended for the management of hematologic toxicities. A previous pooled analysis from the PALOMA clinical trials showed that 36.9% of patients required dose reduction, predominantly during the first 6 months of treatment and with decreasing frequency during subsequent 28-day treatment cycles (C). Previous data have shown that palbociclib dose reductions do not affect efficacy. This pooled, post hoc analysis evaluated the frequency of hematologic adverse events (AEs) before and after palbociclib dose reduction in PALOMA-1, PALOMA-2, and PALOMA-3.MethodsThis analysis evaluated the frequency of hematologic AEs 30 days before dose reduction and during each subsequent treatment from C1 to C6 among patients who required palbociclib dose reduction. Data were pooled from 3 randomized studies. PALOMA-1 was a phase 2, open-label study of postmenopausal patients untreated for ABC receiving palbociclib plus letrozole or letrozole alone. PALOMA-2 was a phase 3, double-blind study of postmenopausal patients untreated for ABC receiving palbociclib plus letrozole or placebo plus letrozole. PALOMA-3 was a phase 3, double-blind study of pre/perimenopausal or postmenopausal patients, whose disease progressed on prior endocrine therapy, receiving palbociclib plus fulvestrant or placebo plus fulvestrant.ResultsA total of 311 (35.5%) patients with HR+/HER2− ABC required a palbociclib dose reduction (93.6% due to AEs) from 125 to 100 mg. Mean patient age was 59.9 years, and 46.9% of patients had visceral disease. Median time to dose reduction was 70 days. The majority of dose reductions occurred within 3 months of starting palbociclib treatment. Incidences of all-grade and grades 3/4 hematologic AEs were lower following dose reduction.ConclusionsA decrease in frequency and severity of hematologic AEs, including febrile neutropenia, following palbociclib dose reduction was observed, supporting the recommended use of dose reduction in AE management.Trial registrationThese studies were sponsored by Pfizer. ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT00721409; registration date July 24, 2008. ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT01740427; registration date December 4, 2012. ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT01942135; registration date September 13, 2013.
The effectiveness of a comprehensive corrective exercises program and subsequent detraining on alignment, muscle activation, and movement pattern in men with upper crossed syndrome: protocol for a parallel-group randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bayattork Mohammad , Seidi Foad , Minoonejad Hooman , Andersen Lars Louis , Page Phil 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Upper crossed syndrome (UCS) refers to specific altered muscle activation and changed movement patterns along with some postural deviations in the upper quarter of the body. This syndrome might contribute to the dysfunction of the cervicothoracic and glenohumeral joints.

Objectives
The present study will aim to investigate the effectiveness of a comprehensive corrective exercises program (CCEP) and subsequent detraining on alignment, muscle activation and movement pattern in men with UCS.

Methods/design
This is a parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Participants will be 22 men aged 18 to 28 years who are suffering from UCS. Participants in the intervention group will conduct CCEP (three times a week for 8 weeks), followed by 4 weeks of detraining. The control group will do their daily activities. Participants will be randomized (1:1) into the intervention or the control group. The primary outcome will be upper trapezius activations. Secondary outcomes consist of electromyography of middle and lower trapezius and serratus anterior muscles, scapular dyskinesis test, forward head and shoulder angles, thoracic kyphosis angle, and neck flexion pattern test.

Discussion
We propose to evaluate the effectiveness of a randomized controlled trial of a CCEP in men with UCS on their alignment, selected muscle activations, and relevant movement patterns. Results from our trial may provide new insights into the effects of exercise not only on the alignment but also on muscle activation and movement patterns that are important outcomes for people with postural malalignments and, if successful, could assist therapists in evidence-based clinical decision-making.

Trial registration
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20181004041232N1. Registered on 26 October 2018.
Acupoint combination effect of Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) in treating insomnia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Pei , Cheng Cisong , Song Xiaojun , Yang Ling , Deng Dandan , Du Zhenrong , Chen Xingyu , Zou Tingting , Qiao Ling , Li Na , Zhou Pingping , Du Li , Zhu Yihui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Insomnia is a global disease with a high incidence and acupuncture therapy is a well appropriate method to treat insomnia. Shenmen (HT 7) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) are the acupoints most commonly used to treat insomnia. Although they can obviously relieve the clinical symptoms of insomnia, it is unclear whether they must be used together, whether the combination of two acupoints may have a synergistic or antagonistic effect, and whether there is a primary or secondary relationship between the two points in the treatment of insomnia. Further studies are needed. Therefore, in this study, we are exploring the acupoint combination effect and biological mechanism of HT 7 and SP 6 in treating insomnia.

Methods/design
This will be a parallel group randomized controlled trial. The study will recruit 120 patients with insomnia randomly assigned to a control group, an electroacupuncture on HT 7 group, an electroacupuncture on SP 6 group, and an electroacupuncture on HT 7 and SP 6 group. The allocation ratio is 1:1:1:1, with 30 subjects in each group. Meanwhile, ten healthy subjects who meet the study criteria will be recruited as the healthy control group. Patients in the intervention groups will be given ten rounds of electroacupuncture stimulation on the corresponding acupoints for 2 weeks, five times per week, with 2 days of rest between the two treatment courses. Patients in the control group will also receive the same two courses of ten rounds of compensatory acupuncture therapy after a 2-week waiting period for treatment. The major outcome measures of this study include the Sleep Dysfunction Rating Scale, the Insomnia Severity Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, combined with the Measure Your Medical Outcome Profile, to evaluate insomnia and the emotional state of patients with insomnia. The secondary outcome measures include sleep composition monitored by polysomnography and measurements of acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, melatonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and metabolic biomarkers in serum.

Discussion
In this study, we are exploring the acupoint combination effect and biological mechanism of HT 7 and SP 6 in treating insomnia, which may provide evidence for the clinical application of acupuncture and acupoint selection in the treatment of insomnia.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Chi-CTR-1800017483. Registered on 1 August 2018.