bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of peri-natal stress on psychosis risk: results from the Bo-FEP incidence study
Authors: De Matteis Tiziano , D'Andrea Giuseppe , Lal Jatin , Berardi Domenico , Tarricone Ilaria 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: According to the gene-environment interaction model the pathogenesis of psychosis relies on an adverse neuro-socio-developmental pathway. Perinatal stress represents an important risk factor for the development of psychosis because of the increasingly evident interference with socio-neuro-development in the earlier phases of life. We aim to investigate the correlation of perinatal risk factors with the onset of psychosis with a case-control – incidence study. Results: Patients (and their mothers) were eligible if they presented with first-episode psychosis at the Bologna West Community Mental Health Centre (Bo-West CMHC) between 2002 and 2012. The Bo-West CMHC serves a catchment area of about 200,000 people. The controls were recruited in the same catchment area and study period. 42 patients, 26 controls and their mothers were included. We collected the history of peri-natal stress and calculated crude and adjusted Odds Ratios for onset of first-episode psychosis. Adjusted logistic regression showed that psychosis onset was significantly associated with stressful situations during pregnancy, lower level of maternal physical health before or during pregnancy, use of anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy, and low level of maternal education. The results of our study suggest that stress during perinatal period increases the risk of developing psychosis.
The spatiotemporal distribution of human brucellosis in mainland China from 2007-2016
Authors: Liang Peifeng , Zhao Yuan , Zhao Jianhua , Pan Dongfeng , Guo Zhongqin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: Despite the considerable efforts made to address the issue of brucellosis worldwide, its prevalence in dairy products continues to be difficult to estimate and represents a key public health issue around the world. The aim of the study was to understand the epidemiology of this disease in mainland China. We set out to investigate the yearly spatial distribution and possible hot-spots of the disease. Methods: Human brucellosis data from mainland China between 2007 and 2016 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. A geographic information system ArcGIS10.3 (ESRI, Redlands) was used to identify potential changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of human brucellosis in mainland China during the study period. These distributions were evaluated using three-dimensional trend analysis and spatial autocorrelation analyse. A gravity-center was used to analyse the migration track of human brucellosis. Results: A total of 399,578 cases of human brucellosis were reported during the 10-year study period. The monthly incidence of brucellosis in China demonstrates clear seasonality. Spring and summer are the peak seasons, while May is the peak month for brucellosis. Three-dimensional trend analysis suggests that brucellosis is on the rise from south to north, and that the epidemic situation in northern China is more severe. Between 2007 and 2016, the overall migration distance of the brucellosis incidence gravity-center was 906.43 km, and the direction was southwest. However, the overall gravity center of brucellosis was still in the northern part of China. In the global autocorrelation analysis, brucellosis in China demonstrated a non-random distribution between 2013 and 2014, with spatial autocorrelation ( Z > 1.96, P < 0.05) and a clustering trend, while no clustering trend was found from 2007 to 2012 or from 2015 to 2016. In the local autocorrelation analysis, a Low-Low cluster phenomenon was found in the south of China in 2013 and 2014. Conclusion: Human brucellosis remains a widespread challenge, particularly in northern China. The hotspots highlight potential high-risk areas which may require special plans and resources for monitoring and controlling the disease. Keywords : Human brucellosis; mainland China; geographic information system; spatial autocorrelation analysis
Etiology and Clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis in Suzhou
Authors: Tan Jiahong , Wu Jinfeng , Jiang Wujun , Huang Li , Ji Wei , Yan Yongdong , Wang Meiuan , Shao Xuejun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Bronchiolitis is a clinical syndrome commonly encountered in practice, particularly among infants and young children. However, the etiology and clinical impact of the condition remains elusive.Methods We investigated the respiratory specimens and clinical data of 1012 children with bronchiolitis who were treated at the Children’s Hospital of Soochow University between November 2011 and December 2018. The nasopharyngeal aspirates were examined by direct immunofluorescence assay or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect viruses and by PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP).Results Of the 1012 children with bronchiolitis, 842 (83.2%) were detected at least a pathogen. 614 (60.7%) had single viral infections, 91 (9.0%) had MP infections, 70 (6.9%) had multiple viral infections, and 67 (6.6%) had mixed viral and MP infection. The most common pathogens detected were respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (44.4%), MP (15.6%), and human rhinovirus (HRV) (14.4%). RSV was the most common pathogen detected in children less than 6 months. Coinfection was detected in 13.5% (137/1012) of the children, but it was less common in children less than 6 months. The age of children with single virus infection was the youngest. Children with single virus infection had a higher proportion of oxygen therapy compared with single MP infection.Conclusions The most common pathogen detected in children with bronchiolitis is RSV, followed by MP and HRV. Co-infections lead to prolonged illness and worsening of the symptoms
Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in Group B Streptococcus from clinical samples
Authors: Mudzana Raymond , Mavenyengwa Rooyen T , Gudza-Mugabe Muchaneta 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Streptococcus agalacticae is one of the most important causative agents of serious infections among neonates. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) virulence factors are important in the development of vaccines, whilst antibiotic resistance genes are necessary in understanding the resistance mechanisms used by these pathogens. This study was carried out to identify the virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes associated with GBS isolated from pregnant women.Methods: A total of 43 GBS isolates were obtained from vaginal samples that were collected from all HIV positive and HIV negative women who were 13-35 weeks pregnant attending Antenatal Care at both Chitungwiza and Harare Central Hospitals in Zimbabwe. Identification tests of GBS isolates was done using standard bacteriological methods including molecular tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing using 3 antibiotics was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer method. The boiling method was used to extract DNA and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to screen for 13 genes in the isolates. Data was fed into SPSS 24.0 and the Spearman rank correlation test used to determine any correlation among genes.Results: Nine distinct virulence gene profiles were identified. The profiles hly-scpB-bca-rib 37.2% (16/43) and hly-scpB-bca 18.6% (8/43) were common among GBS isolates. The following virulence gene frequencies were obtained namely hly 97.8% (42/43), scpB 90.1% (39/43), bca 86.0% (37/43), rib 69.8% (30/43) and bac 11.6% (5/43). Antibiotic resistance genes showed high frequencies for tetM 97.6% (41/42) and low frequencies for ermB 34.5% (10/29), ermTR 10.3% (3/29), mefA 3.4% (1/29), tetO 2.4% (1/42) and linB 0% (0/35). The atr housekeeping gene amplification yielded 100% (43/43) positive results, whilst the mobile genetic element IS1548 yielded a low 9.3% (4/43).Conclusion: The study showed a high prevalence of multiple virulence genes hly, scpB, bca and rib in S. agalactiae strains isolated from pregnant women. Tetracycline resistance was found to be predominantly caused by the tetM gene, whilst macrolide resistance was predominantly due to the presence of erm methylase, with the ermB gene being more prevalent. It was also observed that in vitro phenotypic resistance is not always accurately predicted by resistance genotypes.
The BEACON Study: Protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial of a service to deliver smartphone-assisted problem-solving therapy compared to usual care in men who present with intentional self-harm to Emergency Departments in Ontario
Authors: Hatcher Simon , Heisel Marnin , Ayonrinde Oyedeji , Campbell Julie Kathleen , Colman Ian , Corsi Daniel J. , Edgar Nicole E. , Gillett Lindsay , Kennedy Sidney H. , Hunt Sophia Lakatoo , Links Paul , MacLean Sarah , Mehta Viraj , Mushquash Christopher , Raimundo Alicia , Rizvi Sakina J. , Saskin Refik , Schaffer Ayal , Sidahmed Alaaddin , Sinyor Mark , Soares Claudio , Taljaard Monica , Testa Valerie , Thavorn Kednapa , Thiruganasambandamoorthy Venkatesh , Vaillancourt Christian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Patients who present to Emergency Departments (ED) after intentional self-harm receive variable levels care in Ontario. Many are not assessed by a mental health professional following discharge from ED and do not receive psychological services available in the community as many of these services are not covered by the provincial health insurance. Patients who present with intentional self-harm to hospital are more likely to die by suicide and premature death by other means compared to the general population. This risk is elevated in men, who represent two-thirds of those who die by suicide in Ontario. One way of potentially addressing this gap is to offer problem-solving therapy (PST) designed specifically for men, facilitated by the use of a patient facing smartphone application and a clinician facing dashboard. This attempts to blend the use of face to face therapy and technology to create an effective intervention after self-harm.Methods This is a pragmatic, multicentre pre- and post-design cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) comparing the provision of a suicide prevention intervention to usual care, in men who present to the ED with self-harm. The study intervention is composed of: 1) staff education; 2) resource materials for men who present to the ED with self-harm; and, 3) the option to refer patients to a blended PST service for the treatment of self-harm. The primary outcome to be assessed is a composite of the incidence of suicides and/or re-presentations to any ED in Ontario for self-harm in the year after presentation with self-harm. Secondary outcome measures include: total number of suicides; re-presentations to any ED in Ontario for the repetition of self-harm; re-presentations to any ED in Ontario for any reason; other health system use including use of primary care and hospital outpatient appointments; mortality not related to suicide; and, health system costs over one year. All outcomes will be measured from provincial health administrative databases available at the Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences (IC/ES).
Genome-wide identification of the 14-3-3 gene family and its participation in response to floral transition by interacting with TFL1/FT in Apple
Authors: Zuo Xiya , Wang Shixiang , Xiang Wen , Tahir Muhammad Mobeen , Yang Huiru , Zhen Shangong , An Na , Han Mingyu , Zhao Caiping , Zhang Dong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.) is one of the most popular cultivated fruit crops in China. Apple floral transition is an important process but liable to be affected by various environmental factors. The 14-3-3 proteins are involved in regulating diverse biological processes in plants, and some 14-3-3 members have been identified to play vital roles in flowering. However, little information was available about the 14-3-3 members in apple. Results: In the current study, we identified eighteen 14-3-3 gene family members from apple genome database, designated MdGF14a to MdGF14r , 17 of them are transcribed. The isoforms possess a conserved core region composed of nine antiparallel α-helices and divergent N and C termini. According to their structural and phylogenetic features, Md14-3-3s classified into two major evolutionary branches, the epsilon (ɛ) group and the non-epsilon (non-ɛ) group. Moreover, expression profiles derived from transcriptome data and quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis exhibited diverse expression patterns of Md14-3-3 genes in various tissues and in response to different sugars and hormones treatments during floral transition phase. Four Md14-3-3 isoforms ( MdGF14a , MdGF14d , MdGF14i and MdGF14j ) exhibiting prominent transcriptional responses to sugars and hormones were selected for further investigation. Subcellular localization of four selected Md14-3-3 proteins demonstrated their localization in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) experiments showed that the four Md14-3-3 proteins interact with key floral integrators, MdTFL1 (TERMINAL FLOWER1) and MdFT (FLOWERING LOCUS T). Conclusion: We comprehensively identified Md14-3-3s family in apple. Some Md14-3-3 genes are predominantly expressed during apple flowering transition stage, and may participate in regulation of flowering through association with flower control genes. Our results provide a preliminary framework for further investigation into the roles of Md14-3-3s for flower transition.
Cytosine methylation in the promoter region of genes involved in cellular oxidation equilibrium pathways affects rice heat tolerance
Authors: He Chao , Zhang Hong-Yu , Zhang Yong-Xin , Fu Pei , You Li-Li , Xiao Wen-Bo , Wang Zhao-Hai , Song Hai-Yan , Huang Ying-Jin , Liao Jiang-Lin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background High temperatures are detrimental to rice yield and quality, especially at night. Due to the predicted increases in global warming, it is imperative that crops are able to adapt to high night temperatures (HNTs) in the near future. DNA methylation is a potential mechanism for controlling gene activity and cellular phenotype under adversely environment without changing nucleotide sequence.Results Here, we reported that few CG and CHG contexts but CHH context in rice genome was strongly induced by HNT to occur cytosine methylation variation between two coisogenic rice strains with significant difference in heat tolerance. Methylation variations occurred mainly on successive cytosines in the promoter or downstream regions of transcription factors and transposon elements. In contrast to the heat-sensitive rice strain, two basal transcriptional factor TFIID subunit 11 and mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 31 were fully demethylated in the downstream 358-359 bp and 2-60 bp under HNT in the heat-tolerant strain, respectively. Various genes involved in ABA-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) equilibrium pathways, including the pentatricopeptide repeat domain gene PPR (LOC_Os07g28900) and the homeobox domain gene homeobox (LOC_Os01g19694), were induced by HNT to occur methylation variation on successive cytosines in the gene promoter regions of the heat-tolerant strain. Varidation among the typical heat-tolerant group and heat-sensitive group of rice germplasms, methylation rate of the cytosines in gene promoter region for gene PPR was higher and gene expression was suppressed in the heat-sensitive group, comparing to the heat-tolerant group.Conclusions The CHH context in rice genome was the main context type to occur cytosine methylation variation under HNT between the heat-sensitive and heat-tolerant rice strains. Methylation in the promoter regions of the genes related to abscisic acid-related oxidation and ROS scavenging contributes to rice heat tolerance. These findings provide bases to explain the molecular mechanisms behind rice heat tolerance.
Cytocompatibility of 3D printed dental materials for temporary restorations on fibroblasts
Authors: Park Jung-Hyun , Lee Hyun , Kim Jong-Woo , Kim Ji-Hwan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Three-dimensional (3D) printing is widely used in the fabrication of dental prostheses; however, the influence of dental materials used for 3D printing on temporary restoration of fibroblasts in tissues is unclear. Thus, the influence of different dental materials on fibroblasts were investigated. Methods Digital light processing (DLP) type 3D printing was used. Specimens in the control group were fabricated by mixing liquid and powder self-curing resin restoration materials. The temporary resin materials used were Model, Castable, Clear-SG, Tray, and Temporary, and the self-curing resin materials used were Lang dental, Alike, Milky blue, TOKVSO CUREFAST, and UniFast III. Fibroblast cells were cultured on each specimen and subsequently post-treated for analysis. Morphology of the adhered cells were observed using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results CLSM and SEM cell imaging revealed that the 3D printed material group presented better cell adhesion with well-distributed filopodia compared to that in the conventional resin material group. Cell proliferation was significantly higher in the 3D printing materials. Conclusion This indicates that using resins fabricated by 3D printing technology rather than the ones fabricated by self-curing technology is recommended for the fabrication of dental temporary restorations.
Exploring the influences on men's engagement with weight loss services: A qualitative study.
Authors: Elliott Megan , Gillison Fiona , Barnett Julie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Engagement of men with commercial and UK National Health Service (NHS) weight loss services is low, and few studies report on why this may be. However, evidence shows that men who do participate in weight loss programmes tend to lose as much, or more weight than women. The present study aimed to explore men’s experiences and expectations of mainstream weight loss services in the UK, following referral from a medical professional, particular in relation to barriers and motivators. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 men with a BMI over 25kg/m 2 including those who had, and had not, attended group-based or one-to-one weight loss services. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Two themes were identified; Fear as a motivation for change (1) and Attitudes towards existing weight loss services (2). Within theme two, two subthemes were identified; ‘Female dominated services’ and ‘Incompatibility of existing services for men’. The findings suggest that fear, as a result of a medical diagnosis or referral is a mechanism for motivating men to engage with weight loss services. This was often augmented by awareness of other people’s experiences of poor health due to their weight. The gender imbalance and attitudes towards existing weight loss services deterred men from engaging with or continuously attending sessions. This imbalance resulted in feelings of self-consciousness, shame and a perceived stigma for men using weight loss services. These experiences highlighted the importance of providing services which align with men’s preferences to promote engagement. Conclusions: A medical diagnosis or referral serves as a strong motivator for men to engage with weight loss services by invoking fear of negative consequences of not losing weight. Men perceived weight loss services to be feminised spaces, in which they felt self-conscious and out of place. As a result, men were deterred from engaging and considered their options were limited. Implications for service design and commissioning are discussed. Involving men in research, service design and evaluation is key to improving their engagement and weight loss.
Cigarette Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco Use among Male South Asian Migrants in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ali Raghib , Loney Tom , Al-Houqani Mohammed , Blair Iain , Aziz Faisal , Dhaheri Salma Al , Barazi Iffat El , Soteriades Elpidoforos S. , Shah Syed 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The prevalence of tobacco use among South Asian migrants in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has not been evaluated. We examined the prevalence of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use along with their associated factors among male South Asian migrants in the UAE.Methods A representative sample of South Asian adult migrant males was recruited in Al Ain, UAE in 2012. The sample included Indian (n=433), Pakistani (n=383) and Bangladeshi (n=559) nationalities. Prevalence and measures of association using bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression models were used to identify correlates of tobacco use.ResultsA total of 1.375 South Asian migrant males participated in the study (response rate 76%) with a mean age of 34 years (SD ± 10). The prevalence of current cigarette smoking was 21%, 23% and 37% among participants from India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, respectively. The prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use was 6%, 12%, and 16% for Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi participants, respectively. Bangladeshi nationality, hypertension, and alcohol use were significant correlates of current cigarette smoking. Increase in age, less than college level education, alcohol use and Pakistani or Bangladeshi nationality were significant correlates of exposure to smokeless tobacco.Conclusions The high prevalence of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use in South Asian migrants, highlights the public health burden of tobacco use in migrant populations in the UAE. Public health measures are needed to address tobacco use in migrant population.