bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial DNA copy number in cervical exfoliated cells and risk of cervical cancer among HPV-positive women
Authors: Sun Wei , Qin Xueyun , Zhou Jing , Xu Mingjing , Lyu Zhangyan , Li Xin , Zhang Kai , Dai Min , Li Ni , Hang Dong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Although human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been recognized as the major cause of cervical cancer, only a minority of HPV-infected women develop this malignancy. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that alterations of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtCN) may c ontribute to carcinogenesis. However, the relationship between mtCN and cervical cancer remains unknown.
Methods
In this case-control study, we included 591 cervical cancer cases and 373 cancer-free controls, all of whom were infected with high-risk HPV. Relative mtCN in cervical cancer exfoliated cells was measured by qRT-PCR assay s , and logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Interaction between mtCN and HPV types was assessed by using the Wald test in logistic regression models.
Results
HPV16, 18, 52, and 58 were the most common types in both case and control groups. Median mtCN in cases was significantly higher than that in controls ( P = 0.03). After adjustment for age and HPV types , the highest quartile of mtCN was associated with increased odds of having cervical cancer (OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.19, 2.62; P < 0.01), as compared to the lowest quartile. A dose-response effect of mtCN on cervical cancer was also observed ( P trend < 0.001). The interaction between mtCN and HPV types was statistically nonsignificant.
Conclusions
Increased mtCN in cervical exfoliated cells is associated with cervical cancer after HPV infection, suggesting a potential role of mtCN in cervical carcinogenesis.
Different effects of Wnt/β-catenin activation and PTH activation in adult and aged male mice metaphyseal fracture healing
Authors: Liu Daocheng , Qin Hao , Yang Jiazhi , Yang Lei , He Sihao , Chen Sixu , Bao Quanwei , Zhao Yufeng , zong zhaowen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Fractures in older men are not uncommon and need to be healed as soon as possible to avoid related complications. Anti-osteoporotic drugs targeting Wnt/β-catenin and PTH (parathyroid hormone) to promote fracture healing have become an important direction in recent years.Objective: Observe whether there is a difference in adult and aged situations by activating two signal paths.Methods: A single cortical hole with a diameter of 0.6 mm was made in the femoral metaphysis of Catnblox(ex3) mice and wild-type mice. The fracture healing effects of CA(Wnt/β-catenin activation) and PTH (activated by PTH (1–34) injections) were assessed by X-ray and CT imaging on days 7, 14, and 21 after fracture. The mRNA levels of β-catenin, PTH1R(Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor), and RUNX2(Runt-related transcription factor 2) in the fracture defect area were detected using RT-PCR. Angiogenesis and osteoblasts were observed by immunohistochemistry and osteoclasts were observed by TRAP (Tartrate-resistant Acid Phosphatase).Result: Adult CA mice and adult PTH mice showed slightly better fracture healing than adult wild-type (WT) mice, but there was no statistical difference. Aged CA mice showed better promotion of angiogenesis and osteoblasts and better fracture healing than aged PTH mice.Conclusion: The application of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway drugs for fracture healing in elderly patients may bring better early effects than PTH signaling pathway drugs, but the long-term effects need to be observed.
The efficacy of Narrative Exposure Therapy for Children (KIDNET) as a Treatment for Traumatized Young Refugees versus Treatment as Usual: Study Protocol for a Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial (YOURTREAT)
Authors: Wilker Sarah , Catani Claudia , Wittmann Jasmin , Preusse Melissa , Schmidt Telja , May Theodor , Ertl Verena , Doering Bettina , Rosner Rita , Zindler Areej , Neuner Frank 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Germany hosts a large number of refugees from war-affected countries. The integration of refugees, in particular young refugees from the Middle East, is one of the major current social challenges in Germany. Mental disorders, first of all post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that results from war experiences, are common among young refugees and interfere with quality of life as well as functional integration. Evidence regarding effective treatment options for this population is scarce. In this trial, we aim to evaluate the pragmatic, short-term psychotherapy Narrative Exposure Therapy for Children (KIDNET) for the treatment of young refugees in Germany.
Methods: In a rater-blinded multi-center randomized-controlled trial, KIDNET is compared to treatment as usual (TAU) within the general health care system. A total number of 80 young refugees who fulfill the diagnostic criteria of PTSD will be randomized to either KIDNET or TAU. Diagnostic interviews will take place at baseline before treatment as well as six and 12 months thereafter. They will assess exposure to traumatic events, PTSD and comorbid symptoms, as well as parameters of integration.
Discussion: The results of this study will provide evidence regarding effective treatment options for young refugees in Germany, a population that has been understudied and received only limited access to mental health care so far. Next to the effects of treatment on mental health outcomes, integration parameters will be investigated. Therefore, this study will provide broad insights into treatment options for young refugees and their potential implications on successful integration.
Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien; DRKS), registered on May 15 th , 2019. The trial registration number is DRKS00017222 (www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00017222)
Usefulness of a radial applanation tonometry device in blood pressure related clinical decision making by anesthesiologists
Authors: Zhou Xiaoshuang , Liu Bin , Lan Haidan , Liu Jin , Li Xiao , Chen Guo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Radial artery tonometry (AT) can continuously measure arterial blood pressure (ABP) noninvasively. This study aimed to evaluate AT for continuous ABP monitoring during anesthesia and compared AT to invasive (IBP) and non-invasive (NIBP) ABP measurements at clinical decision-making moments. Methods: 243 patients undergoing elective surgery were prospectively included in the study and AT was applied on the right or left arm while IBP and NIBP were recorded simultaneously. At moments when the IBP signal required a clinical decision by the anesthesiologist for situations of hyper- or hypotension, comparison was made whether AT and NIPB signals would require a clinical decision as well. Agreement/discrepancy of clinical decision-making was analyzed, additionally bias, precision, and percentage error of AT was compared to IBP at these moments. Results: 513 clinical decision moments were recorded. Decision moments based on AT signal did not differ significantly from decision moments based on IBP (1 vs. 1; IQR, 1 – 2 vs. 0 – 3, P = 0.06), while NIBP based decision moments showed significant differences (0 vs. 1; IQR, 0 – 2 vs. 0 – 3, P＜0.001). Subgroup analysis of patients divided by age, BMI and surgery time also showed no significant differences between IBP and AT. Conclusions: ABP measurement using AT is feasible and safe. AT provides relevant and efficient information to anesthesiologists; at moments when IBP called for action, AT called for action as well, but not NIBP. AT also showed clinically satisfactory agreement with IBP at moments of hypo- and hypertension.
A Comprehensive Strategic Analysis of the Environmental Scanning of Iranian Public Hospitals: A Prospective Approach
Authors: pourmohammadi Kimia , Bastani Peivand , Shojaei Payam , Hatam Nahid , Salehi Asiyeh 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives: This study was conducted to interpret the micro and macro environmental issues of public hospitals in order to equip hospital managers to plan and perform proactively and could deal more better with uncertain future. Results: semi-structured in-depth interview and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to determine macro and micro level issues based on PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental) and Douglas West framework in order to determine the effectiveness and feasibility of factors The key issues at micro level environment were related to prescription and overuse of pharmaceuticals, inequality in distribution of healthcare services and high demands for luxurious services. At macro level: changes in disease patterns, inappropriate hospital budgeting, economic sanctions, government corruption and centralization had a great impact on public hospitals in Iran. following the safety guidelines laid down by the government and better management of bed distribution in order to decrease waiting times at micro level and improve strategic policies in order to have quality-based payment system, enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of services and strategic purchasing are the most important ways at macro level. At this time, the considerable impact of economic sanctions on hospital financial resources should not be ignored.
New insights from the biogas microbiome by comprehensive genome-resolved metagenomics of nearly 1600 species originating from multiple anaerobic digesters
Authors: Campanaro Stefano , Treu Laura , Rodriguez-Rojas Luis M , Kovalovszki Adam , Ziels Ryan M , Maus Irena , Zhu Xinyu , Kougias Panagiotis G. , Basile Arianna , Luo Gang , Schlüter Andreas , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. , Angelidaki Irini 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMicroorganisms in biogas reactors are essential for degradation of organic matter and methane production. However, a comprehensive genome-centric comparison, including relevant metadata for each sample, is still needed to identify the globally distributed biogas community members and serve as a reliable repository.ResultsHere, 134 publicly available metagenomes derived from different biogas reactors were used to recover 1,635 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) representing different biogas bacterial and archaeal species. All genomes were estimated to be >50% complete and nearly half ≥90% complete with ≤5% contamination. In most samples, specialized microbial communities were established, while only a few taxa were widespread among the different reactor systems. Metabolic reconstruction of the MAGs enabled the prediction of functional traits related to biomass degradation and methane production from waste biomass. An extensive evaluation of the replication index provided an estimation of the growth dynamics for microbes involved in different steps of the food chain. ConclusionsThe outcome of this study highlights a high flexibility of the biogas microbiome, allowing it to modify its composition and to adapt to the environmental conditions, including temperatures and a wide range of substrates. Our findings enhance our mechanistic understanding of the AD microbiome and substantially extend the existing repository of genomes. The established database represents a relevant resource for future studies related to this engineered ecosystem.
New nomograms based on treatment outcome and prognostic factors for patients with spinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A population‐based study
Authors: Wang Ben , Chen Lijie , Chen Boda , Xie Chenglong , Shao Zhenxuan , Zhang Xiaolei , Chen Jiaoxiang , Wang Xiangyang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Spinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a rare and malignant tumor, while few studies researched the prognostic factors. The prognostic factors which impacts on spinal DLBCL are not clear. Although chemotherapy was recognized as an optimal treatment method, but the curative effect of radiotherapy and surgery were controversial.Methods: The records of patients with spinal DLBCL were selected from the SEER database from 1991 to 2016. The incidence obtained by database was analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Program. The optimal cut-off values of age and year of diagnosis were identified by X-tail program. Univariate and multivariate survival analysis were calculated to identify independent prognostic factors. Prognostic factors were included to predict the survival possibility compared with 5 years of overall (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) via the new nomograms. Results: A total of 917 patients were enrolled. Age, year of diagnosis and chemotherapy were demonstrated as independent prognostic factors for CSS and OS, and primary site was another independent prognostic factor for CSS. However, radiotherapy and surgery might be ineffective in survival. All factors were included to generate the nomograms for CSS and OS. The concordance indices (C-index) for internal validation of OS and CSS prediction were 0.697 (95%CI: 0.662-0.732) and 0.709 (95%CI: 0.692- 0.727) respectively.Conclusions: Age and year of diagnosis are closely associated with the prognosis of spinal DLBCL, and chemotherapy is an ideal treatment modality. The new nomogram is a favourable tool to evaluate the survival possibility, and is benefit for the oncologist to make clinical decisions.
Outcome of intravitreal bevacizumab injection without pre and postoperative antibiotics
Authors: Shrestha Ruchi , Karki Pratap , Joshi Sagun Narayan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Backgound Intravitreal injections are the most common treatment modality for several retinal pathologies. Despite endophthalmitis being the most feared complication, antibioprophylaxis remains controversial in intravitreal injections. Methods This was a retrospective study done for a period of 2 years from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2018 in BPKLCOS among patients receiving intravitreal bevacizumab. The intravitreal injection was given by a single surgeon. It included 503 eyes which received intravitreal bevacizumab over a period of 2 years without pre and postoperative antibiotics. Results Out of 503 eyes studied over a period of 2 years without antibiotic prophylaxis the rate of endophthalmitis was 0.0019% which is very low compared to the other studies with rate of endophthalmitis between 0.019-0.09%. Conclusion The rate of endophthalmitis doesn’t increase after giving intravitreal injections without the use of preoperative/postoperative prophylactic antibiotics. Intravitreal injection can be given safely without pre-operative and post-operative antibiotics. Trial Registration not applicable as it is a retrospective study.
Exploring the Consistency of Adults’ Food Choice motives with Sustainable Diet Components: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Roudsari Arezoo Haghighian , Vedadhir Abouali , Shokouhi Maryam , Bonab Ali Milani 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Todays, due to the impact of human food choices on increasing greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption and environmental degradation, there is a new thinking about changing the pattern of food production and consumption, including sustainable food and nutrition system related to consumption. This study aimed to explore the dimensions of a sustainable diet among the determinants of people's food choices. Methods This qualitative study was carried out using an in-depth interview with 33 individuals aged 30-64 years old living in different areas of Tehran. Data gathering, data analysis and theoretical conceptualization were performed simultaneously and from the beginning of the research, and for managing and organizing the data, the MAXQDA 10 software was used. Results In this paper, the findings are categorized according to the key components of a sustainable diet in five themes: "Health and Nutrition", "Food and Agriculture Security", "Environment and Ecosystems", "Markets, food trade and production chains", "social, cultural, and policy factors" were categorized. Meanwhile, the components of the "Health and Nutrition" domain had the highest contribution and the components of the two domains "food and agriculture" and "environment and ecosystems" had the lowest role among the statements of the participants in this study. Conclusion considering to the low importance of the dimensions of a sustainable diet in food choices of the community, promoting the individual awareness of sustainable diet components, clarifying the importance of food choices in creating environmental impacts and leading the national macro policies in the field food and nutrition toward sustainable diet goals are essential.
Economic Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases Before and After the Iran’s Health Transformation Plan: A Cross-Sectional Study on Referral Hospital in the North-West of Iran
Authors: Alipour Vahid , Zandian Hamed , Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid , Avesta Leili , Moghadam Telma Zahirian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Different countries have set different policies to control and decrease the costs of Cardiovascular Diseases(CVDs). Iran aiming reducing the economic burden of different disease by a recent reform from named as health transformation plan(HTP). This study aimed to examine economic burden of CVDs before and after of HTP, Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 600 patients with CVDs, who were randomly selected from a specialized cardiovascular hospital in the north-west of Iran. Direct and indirect costs of CVDs were calculated using cost of illness and human capital approaches. Data were collected using a researcher-made checklist obtained from several sources including structured interviews, the Statistical Center of Iran, Iran's Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare, central bank of the Iran, and the data of global burden of disease obtained from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation to estimate direct and mortality costs. All costs were calculated in Iranian Rials(IRR). Results Total costs of CVDs were about 5571 and 6700 billion IRR before and after the HTP, respectively. More than 62% of the total costs of CVDs accounted for premature death before (64.89%) and after(62.01%) the HTP. The total hospitalization costs of CVDs was significantly increased after the HTP (p=0.038). In both times, surgical services and visiting had the highest and lowest share of hospitalization costs, respectively. The OOP expenditure decreased significantly and reached from 54.2% to 36.7%. All hospitalization costs, except patients' OOP expenditure, were significantly increased after the HTP about 1.3 times. Direct non-medical costs reached from 2.4 to 3.3 billion before and after the HTP, respectively. Conclusion The economic burden of CVDs after the HTP increased in the north-west of Iran due to the increase of all direct and indirect costs, except the OOP expenditure. Non-allocation of defined resources, which coincided with the international and national political and economic challenges in Iran, led to unsustainable resources of the HTP. So, no results of this study can be attributed solely to the HTP. Therefore, studies that are more detailed should be carried out on the reasons for the significant increase in CVDs costs in the region.
Additional effect of drinking water endocrine-disrupting compound exposure on fetal growth compared to the effect of active tobacco exposure during pregnancy
Authors: CARLES camille , ALBOUY-LLATY Marion , DUPUIS Antoine , RABOUAN Sylvie , MIGEOT Virginie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Active tobacco exposure during pregnancy is known to be an important determinant of fetal growth. Nitrates and atrazine metabolites in drinking water may affect fetal growth as a mixture of endocrine disruptors (ED). Our aim was to determine whether ED have an additional effect on fetal growth compared to the known and observed effect of active tobacco exposure during pregnancy. Methods A historic cohort study was carried out with a sample stratified with regard to maternity ward, drinking water exposure and year of birth. The women included were living in Deux-Sèvres, had given birth between 2005 and 2010 in three selected maternity wards, and ultrasound data from pregnancy were available in their obstetrical records. Mixed linear models were used to analyze fetal weight evolution from second trimester of pregnancy to time of birth according to drinking water exposure to atrazine metabolite and nitrate mixture and active tobacco exposure. Results We included 558 mother-neonate couples, of whom 8.5% were exposed to high doses of mixture and 20.5% to active tobacco smoking. There was no significant difference in fetal weight evolution according to drinking water mixture exposure (0.97 g; 95% CI [-3.01;4.94]) and when comparing nested models with and without drinking water mixture exposure, the likelihood ratio (LR) test was not significant (LR khi²=6.6, p=0.252). Conclusion We could not show a supplementary effect of mixture exposure on fetal growth as compared to active tobacco exposure. Further research is needed, using more precise methods to estimate ED exposure.
After Action Review Qualitative research on Yellow Fever outbreak Coordination, Surveillance &amp; Reponses in Wolaita Zone of SNNPR Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Tufa Yonas Assefa , Fufa Yaregal , Gemechu Diriba , Abebe Melaku , Habebe Shambel , Yohannes Niguse , Mekonen Adamu Tayachew , Kinde Solomon , Belay Desalegn , Alemayehu Senait , Anebo Wadu Marshalo , Nasir Mohammed , W/Mariam Belete , Melese Mesfin , Girmay Abiy , Tilaye Tesfaye , Regasa Feyisa , Endris Abduilhafiz Assen , Assefa Zewdu , Doda Zerihun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Coordinating outbreak investigations requires effective interagency communication. Important tasks include making the initial notifications, establishing roles and responsibilities for each jurisdiction, providing updates on the progress of the investigations, revising priorities for the investigation, and establishing the next steps. The major goal of surveillance activities is to identify and eliminate preventable causes of morbidity and mortality. Outbreak response basically entails preparedness which helps to establish arrangements in advance to enable timely, effective and appropriate responses to specific potential hazardous events or emerging disaster situations that might threaten society/environment Objective: To review lessons learned from the October 2018 Wolayta Zone yellow fever outbreak management in SNNPR, Ethiopia. Methods: Qualitative research approach, with Thematic Analysis. Purposive sampling method was used. Data were collected through FGDs, in-depth interviews, observation and document reviews Results : Among the main findings of the review is the weakness of the surveillance to detect case; the surveillance system was not that much effective for early detection of viral hemorrhagic fevers and there was knowledge gap to detect in the existing. The Review found out further that preparedness plan was weak, failing to consider the outbreak for VRAM. However, it is worth-noting that the Review showed that despite late detection, a rapid response team was set up and was able to save the lives of many during the outbreak. The findings further showed there was good coordination among various stakeholders at different levels and with satisfying sharing of roles and responsibilities. Conclusion: Based on the major findings, it may be concluded that the surveillance system was weak to detect yellow fever outbreak occurrence in Wolaita Zone. A major gap is therefore the inability to include the case to the IDSR weekly report. Once the case was confirmed, the response to the crisis was fairly commendable. Even though there was a confusion on identifying the first case, after the confirmation of the first case, the case management went as per the standard guideline and SOPs, helping save so many lives through availing the service free of charge Key terms: After Action Review; Outbreak Response; Yellow Fever, Surveillance, Coordination,