bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary incontinence experiences of pregnant women: A qualitative study
Authors: Erkal Aksoy Yasemin , Akın Bihter , Dereli Yılmaz Sema 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The research was carried out to determine the life experiences of pregnant women who have urinary incontinence problems. Methods: The type of the research is of qualitative type. Views of pregnant women were coded according to repeating frequencies; then thematic grouping was done. Both common views and individual repetitions of the pregnant women were coded. During the study, 52 pregnant women stated that they had urinary incontinence problems. However, five pregnant women did not want to participate in the study and six pregnant women wanted to leave during the interview. Interviews ended with 41 pregnant women. Results: In the study, the mean age of the pregnant women was determined as 29.75 ± 4.83, and the mean gestational week was 27.85 ± 5.60. The views of pregnant women are divided into five main themes and 16 sub-themes. The main themes for the urinary incontinence life experiences of pregnant women were determined as “strategies to take precautions, psychological effects, pregnancy and baby-specific effects, physical effects and changes in their relationship with the spouse.” Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that urinary incontinence problem negatively affected the life experience of pregnant women.
A rare case of spontaneous parenchymal kidney explosion in a patient with ureteral obstruction caused by a single stone
Authors: Chiancone Francesco , Meccariello Clemente , Ferraiuolo Maria , De Marco Giovanna Paola , Fedelini Maurizio , Langella Nunzio Alberto , Fedelini Paolo 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Spontaneous rupture of kidney may involve collecting system or parenchyma. Parenchymal rupture usually occurs in patients with renal cell carcinoma, angiomyolipoma, renal cysts, arteriovenous malformation or vascular diseases such as periarteritis nodosa. Collecting system rupture is usually a rare complication of obstructive urolithiasis. We describe the unusual cases of spontaneous kidney rupture in patients with acute urinary obstruction. Case presentation: The case report describes the left parenchymal kidney explosion related to ipsilateral ureteral obstruction caused by a single ureteral stone. The patient reached our emergency department with acute left flank pain and massive haematuria. At the moment of admission, the patient was in stage III hypovolemic shock and had a lower haematocrit (haemoglobin = 4.9 g/dL). Despite blood transfusions, emergency surgical exploration, extrafascial nephrectomy and intensive support care, the patient died twelve hours after surgery. Conclusions: Parenchymal renal rupture can be a life-threatening emergency. Despite its rarity, in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen, parenchymal renal rupture should always be considered in patients with abdominal pain and an anamnesis or history of urinary stones, pointing out the need of early diagnosis also in benign urological conditions.
Prevalence of Mental Ill-Health in a Cohort of First Responders Attending the Fort McMurray Fire
Authors: Cherry Nicola , Galarneau Jean-Michel , Melnyk Andrea , Patten Scott 
Published: November 2020

Objectives: The study was designed to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders in a cohort of firefighters who had been deployed to a devastating fire in Fort McMurray, Alberta, in 2016. Methods: A cohort of firefighters was established and followed up by online questionnaires. The contact in October 2018 to March 2019 included the PCL-5 questionnaire screening for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) screening for anxiety and depression. A sample was selected comprising all scoring ≥31 on the PCL-5 or ≥12 on either scale of the HADS, 30% of those scoring 8 to 11 on the HADS, and 10% of those with lower scores on all scales. This sample was assessed through a structured clinical interview to categorize disorders as defined in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, fifth edition ( DSM-5). Interviews were carried out face-to-face or by telephone between August 2019 and February 2020. Diagnoses in the interview sample were reweighted to obtain prevalence estimates for the whole cohort. In an analysis of receiver operating characteristics (ROC), possible cut points for scores from each screening questionnaire were examined. Results: In 2018 to 2019, 1,000 of the cohort of 1,234 firefighters completed the HADS and 998 completed the PCL-5. Of these, 282 were identified for structured clinical interviews for DSM-5 (SCID) assessment. Interviews were carried out with 192. Among those assessed, 40.6% met the criteria for PTSD, 30.7% for an anxiety disorder, and 28.5% for a depressive disorder. When reweighted to allow for sampling and losses to assessment, cohort prevalence estimates were as follows: PTSD 21.4% (15.7% to 29.1%), anxiety disorders 15.8% (11.0% to 22.5%), and depressive disorders 14.3% (9.9% to 20.8%). Lower prevalence estimates were obtained when using the cut point with least misclassification in the ROC analysis. Conclusion: Using the gold-standard SCID assessment, high rates of mental disorders were found in this cohort of firefighters who had experienced a devastating fire. Fewer cases would have been identified by screening questionnaire alone.
The influence of dead spaces and the designs of injectors on the amount of drug dose in intra-vitreal injection
Authors: Havuz Erol , Güdül Havuz Seda , Gokmen Onur 
Published: November 2020

Aim: To evaluate the dead spaces resulting from different designs of the insulin injectors used for intravitreal injections and the amounts of drug doses. Methods: In the study, five different brands of sterile insulin injectors of 1 mL were used for the test. The weight of the injectors was determined before and after filling the injectors with 0.05 and 0.1 mL distilled water. The weight of the injectors was measured with and without the needle after the water within the injectors had been taken out and weight differences were measured. The difference between the intended amount of fluid to be thrown out and the weight of the fluid remaining in the injector was calculated as percent error. Results: After throwing out 0.05 mL distilled water from the injector, weights of the Beybi®, Traf®, Becton Dickinson®, Ayset®, and Setojet® brands of injectors with 30 G needle were detected to increase the mean 0.0220 ± 0.006 g, 0.0208 ± 0.008 g, 0.0355 ± 0.016 g, 0.0219 ± 0.017 g, and 0.0150 ± 0.007 g, respectively compared to the weights of the dry injectors. The 0.1 mL injector group was found to be mean 0.0350 ± 0.014 g, 0.0264 ± 0.008 g, 0.0405 ± 0.015 g, 0.0272 ± 0.013 g, and 0.0245 ± 0.014 g, respectively. The maximum increase due to the dead spaces in the injectors was found in the Becton Dickinson® injector, both in the 0.05 mL and the 0.1 mL groups ( p < 0.000). Conclusion: The injector designs may affect the dose of IVI required to be given. More correct amounts of drugs may be administered via the intra-vitreal route through designs that reduce the dead spaces at the end part of the injector and between the inner wall and the plunger.
Family factors predicting self-rated health during early adolescence
Authors: Meland Eivind , Breidablik Hans Johan , Thuen Frode 
Published: November 2020

Background: Health impairments in adolescents associated with divorce and loss of parental contact are frequently reported. However, other family factors more likely to promote health are less researched. We examined the impact of several family factors on self-rated health (SRH). Methods: A longitudinal cohort study of 1225 students in high school aged 11 and 13 years in 2011. The students were surveyed at onset and after 2 years with SRH as the outcome measure. We adjusted for sex, age and self-rated socioeconomic status in temporal causal analyses, and adjusted for SRH at onset in residual change analyses, applying an ordinal logistic method. Adjusted analyses with each factor and multivariable models with backward exclusion were performed. We reported the predictive associations with odds ratios and 95% confidence limits. Results: The most decisive factors predicting future positive SRH were linked to confidence in communicating with both parents about bothersome issues, and the experience of parental support with school work. Furthermore, the experience of opinions being taken seriously in the family and the absence of excessive parental expectations predicted SRH positively after 2 years. Divorce had a modest impact on SRH and was mediated by the other factors. Only the absence of contact with fathers moderated the effect that divorce experience had on SRH. We ascertained the causal relationships through residual change analyses. Conclusions: As SRH in adolescence has an impact on later health and is amendable, it is important, from a public health perspective, to preserve and improve relationships and confidence between children and both parents.
Exploring empowerment of participants and peer workers in a self- managed homeless shelter
Authors: Huber Max A , Brown Louis D , Metze Rosalie N , Stam Martin , Van Regenmortel Tine , Abma Tineke N 
Published: November 2020

Summary Self-managed shelters claim that participants who have been homeless are better able to run a shelter than regular providers. Little research has investigated self-managed shelters. In this article, we have described the experiences of participants and peer workers with empowerment processes in Je Eigen Stek (Your own place, JES), a self-managed shelter, based on an eight-year qualitative responsive evaluation. Findings We distinguish three clusters of individual experiences: (1) enthusiastic, (2) moderate to critical, and (3) negative, respectively, associated with decreasing engagement with social life in and management of JES. Those not engaged can still benefit materially and from the freedom of choice JES offers, which is generally appreciated. Empowerment provides a useful framework and JES in turn offers new insights into the dialectical nature of empowerment. Empowerment consists of freedom of choice and capacity development and neither should be emphasized over the other. The emphasis in JES is on freedom of choice, which does not automatically lead to developing capacities. Social workers try to balance both aspects of empowerment. Applications Our analysis shows how offering freedom of choice can contribute to empowerment, although social workers need to be aware that participants might opt not to work on capacity development.
Clinical Characteristics of Transarterial Chemoembolization in Treatment of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Complicated With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Ruan Ji-Yin , Lin Jia-Tian , Xiong Yu , Chen Zai-Zhong , Chen Jun-Hui , Yu Hong-Jian 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The present study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics and etiology of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), in order to improve the early diagnosis rate and cure rate. Methods: A total of 816 patients with primary HCC received 2,200 TACE treatments from January 2014 to May 2018. Among these patients, 6 patients developed ARDS after TACE. The clinical data, lesion characteristics, laboratory tests, treatment process and prognosis of 6 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The longest lesion diameter ranged within 5.0-10.2 cm (mean: 6.6 cm) in the 6 patients with primary HCC. Among these patients, 4 patients had lesions mainly located in the left lateral lobe of the liver, while 5 patients had no hepatic arteriovenous fistula detected before TACE. Nedaplatin, epirubicin and iodinated oil suspension chemoembolization were used in all 6 patients during TACE, and all of them experienced ARDS symptoms within 24-48 hours after TACE. However, no clear pathogenic bacteria were incubated in the sputum culture after the onset of the disease. Diffused exudative changes of both lungs were found in the chest X-ray, and the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) was within 100-300 mmHg. The symptoms of 6 patients improved after 3-6 days of hormone therapy. Conclusion: In this study, we found that although the incidence of ARDS after TACE was low in the treatment for HCC, the symptoms after onset were serious, and the early hormone therapy may be beneficial to improve the prognosis and reduce mortality. Further research with larger samples is still needed to confirm the pathogenesis of ARDS after TACE in the treatment for HCC.
Effects of a Clinic-Based Exercise Program on Sleep Disturbance Among Cancer Survivors
Authors: Hidde Mary C. , Leach Heather J. , Marker Ryan J. , Peters John C. , Purcell W. Thomas 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Sleep disturbance is the second leading negative side effect reported by cancer survivors, and evidence exists to suggest that exercise may improve sleep for cancer survivors. This study examined changes in sleep following a 3-month, clinic-based exercise program among a diverse group of cancer survivors. Methods Single group, pre-post study design. Participants were enrolled in a supervised exercise program which consisted of moderate intensity aerobic and resistance training, twice per week for 3-months. To be eligible, individuals had to be diagnosed with cancer, and undergoing, or within 6-months of completing chemo and/or radiation therapy. Sleep was assessed at pre-and post-program using 3 self-report questions as part of a standard wellness assessment conducted at the program’s facility. Changes in categorical outcomes were evaluated using McNemar and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Tests. Results Participants ( N = 94) were mostly female (68.1%, N = 64), mean age = 54.26 ± 14.26 (20-78), and diagnosed with more than 8 different cancer types. Half ( N = 48, 51.1%) of participants improved on 1 or more of the questions assessing sleep. At post-program, 39% of participants reported that they did not awaken feeling rested versus 48% at pre-program ( P = .08). At post-program, 47% reported awakening ≥1 time per night versus 46% at pre-program ( P = .97), and 17% reported poor or very poor sleep quality at post-program versus 24% at pre-program ( P = .16). There were no differences in demographic, cancer-related, psychosocial, and physical fitness variables between participants who improved on any of the questions assessing sleep versus those who did not. Conclusions A clinically implemented exercise program may help some cancer survivors improve sleep, however more studies utilizing validated, objective measures of sleep are needed to confirm effectiveness.
Accuracy and User Performance of a New Blood Glucose Monitoring System
Authors: Klaff Leslie , Shelat Pragathi , Zondorak Diana , Wayland-Smith Amy , Vernes Phil , Richardson James M. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (BG) is important in diabetes management, allowing people with diabetes (PWD) to assess responses to diabetes therapy and to inform if they are attaining their glycemic targets. This study assessed the accuracy and user performance (UP) of a new blood glucose monitoring system (BGMS), CONTOUR®PLUS ELITE, according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 15197:2013 criteria and also more stringent criteria. Methods: In laboratory Study 1, capillary fingertip blood samples from 100 PWD were evaluated using the new BGMS. In clinical Study 2, 130 PWD had Yellow Springs Instrument (YSI) analyzer reference measurements against subject-obtained fingertip and palm blood, and trial staff-obtained venous blood. The new BGMS was tested with test strips from three different lots. A UP questionnaire assessed ease of use. Results: Study 1: 100% of combined accuracy results fulfilled ISO criteria (±15 mg/dL at BG <100 mg/dL; ±15% at BG ≥100 mg/dL); 99.8% fulfilled more stringent criteria (±10 mg/dL at BG <100 mg/dL; ±10% at BG ≥100 mg/dL). Error grid analysis showed that 100% of results were within zone A. Study 2: >98% of subject- and 100% of trial staff-obtained performance results met ISO criteria. Most subjects (>96%) found the BGMS easy to use. Conclusion: The new BGMS exceeded minimum ISO 15197:2013-specified standards for both accuracy and UP criteria, along with the more stringent accuracy criteria. These data show that this new BGMS can be a useful tool in managing glycemic control for PWD.
Living-donor nephrectomy at Singapore General Hospital: Evolution of surgical techniques over the last two decades
Authors: Aslim Edwin Jonathan , Linn Yun Le , Yang Xinyan , Ng Glenn Yang Han , Lee Chui Wan , Gan Valerie Huei Li 
Published: November 2020

Background: Laparoscopic living-donor nephrectomy is the current epitome of living kidney donation surgery. We review our experience in living-donor nephrectomies over the last 19 years, transitioning from open surgery to hand-assisted laparoscopy to full laparoscopic techniques. Methods: We retrospectively identified all living-donor nephrectomies performed at our institution from 1976 to 2018. The donors were categorised according to surgical techniques: open (ODN), hand-assisted laparoscopy (HALDN) and full laparoscopy (LDN). We reviewed changes in donor demographics over the years. Surgical outcomes between groups were compared from 2000 to 2018. We also compared the outcomes of LDN between different time periods to evaluate our learning curve. Results: A total of 214 living-donor nephrectomies were performed between 2000 and 2018. The majority were left sided (93%) and had single renal artery anatomy (90%). There were 22 ODN, 20 HALDN and 163 LDN cases. The mean operating time was 84±43, 151±32 and 179±37 minutes for ODN, HALDN and LDN, respectively ( p<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in mean warm ischaemia times ( p=0.921) and length of hospital stay ( p=0.114) between groups. The overall 30-day surgical morbidity rate was 9.3%, with a major complications rate of 0.9%. The mean warm ischaemia time for LDN was significantly different ( p<0.001) between time periods: 281±260, 184±94 and 140±42 seconds for the periods between 2005–2009, 2010–2014 and 2015–2018, respectively. Conclusion: This study confirms the safety of living-donor nephrectomies performed at our institution, a centre with a modest volume of kidney transplants.
Mobile phones in the spread of unreliable information on Twitter: evidence from the 2017 French presidential campaign
Authors: Figeac Julien , Ratinaud Pierre , Smyrnaios Nikos , Cabanac Guillaume , Fraisier-Vannier Ophélie , Salord Tristan , Seffusatti Fanny 
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the spread of unreliable information on Twitter during the 2017 French presidential campaign, focusing on the use of mobile phones with regard to information-sharing behavior. The corpus is composed of 38,346,765 tweets, posted by 2,163,812 supporters of the five main French political parties, from November 25, 2016 to May 12, 2017. We examine more precisely a sub-corpus of tweets (13,044,619) containing links to external information sources, in order to evaluate the different types of information sources and their reliability. Our research shows that information-sharing behavior within Twitter in France is generally based on reliable information sources, produced by journalists and professional media. However, we highlight that smartphone users tended to share a greater amount of user-generated content, as well as articles from a wider range of alternative political information sources (blogs, activists’ websites); such sources were most likely to publish unreliable information. Thus it appears that users of mobile phones tend to share more unreliable news than those who use Twitter from a computer web browser. Further, we show that this “device effect” on the spread of unreliable information is primarily amplified among the practices of one political community—namely, the far-right party and its network of supporters—which is more likely to organize debate around a larger number of unreliable references. We are claiming here that the design-based interoperability of these unreliable political news and social media applications helps to understand why the French far-right community shared more unreliable information from the Twitter application.
Risk analyses in the intersection between patient and workplace safety: A case study of hazids in para-clinical supporting systems in specialized health care
Authors: Palm Marianne , Moen Leif , Braut Geir Sverre 
Published: November 2020

Background: The aim is to investigate the appropriateness of hazid for performing risk analyses in supporting systems in hospitals. Methods: We used a case study approach for evaluating introduction of hazid for the first time in two different university hospital settings. The hazid was performed in a customized way according to the specific needs at the two sites. Findings: In both settings studied, the hazid approach revealed several phenomena that were followed up in the ordinary quality improvement work. The results were widely acknowledged as valid as seen from the managerial level. The participants reported that they felt comfortable in the hazid process and were able to freely present their current concerns and perspectives on risks related to their daily work. Conclusion: Hazid is basically a meeting between competent workers who elaborate on their own risk picture. It is giving other types of information not gained through other often-used approaches. Specific risk factors can be described in real time as seen by people directly involved, thus circumventing the hierarchy in the organization. The process in itself can trigger improvement actions. Application to practice: Hazid can be used for presenting a valid risk picture as seen from below in the organization.