bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Gut Microbiome Is Altered in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis and Osteopenia
Authors: Rettedal Elizabeth A , Ilesanmi‐Oyelere Bolaji L , Roy Nicole C , Coad Jane , Kruger Marlena C 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTOsteoporosis and its precursor osteopenia are common metabolic bone diseases in postmenopausal women. A growing body of evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is involved in the regulation of bone metabolism; however, there are few studies examining how gut microbiomes in osteoporosis and osteopenia may differ from those in healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to characterize the diversity, composition, and functional gene potential of the gut microbiota of healthy, osteopenic, and osteoporotic women. Body composition, bone density, and fecal metagenomes were analyzed in 86 postmenopausal women. The women were classified as healthy, osteopenic, or osteoporotic based on T‐scores. The taxonomic and functional gene compositions of the microbiome were analyzed using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Both osteoporotic and osteopenic taxonomic compositions were found to be significantly different from healthy participants. Linear discriminant‐analysis effect‐size analyses identified that healthy participants had more unclassified Clostridia and methanogenic archaea (Methanobacteriaceae) than in both osteoporotic and osteopenic participants. Bacteroides was found to be more abundant in osteoporosis and osteopenia groups. Some KEGG pathways, including carbohydrate metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and cyanoamino acid metabolism, were found to be more abundant in both osteoporosis and osteopenia. These results show that osteoporosis and osteopenia alter the gut microbiome of postmenopausal women and identify potential microbial taxonomic and functional pathways that may be involved in this disease. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Outcome of desensitization in human leukocyte antigen and ABO incompatible living donor kidney transplantation: Single center experience of first 200 incompatible transplants
Authors: Pandey Prashant , Setya Divya , Sinha Vijay Kumar , Devra Amit K. , Bhatt Anil Prasad , Pande Amit , Kumar Praveen , Singh Mukesh Kumar , Ranjan Shweta 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsAlthough desensitization is well established, concerns about graft outcome, patient survival and rejection still exist. The present study aims at comparing outcomes of renal transplant recipients across simultaneous ABO and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) incompatibility barriers to those with ABO or HLA incompatibility alone.Materials and methodsThis was a retrospective study conducted from October 2015 to December 2018. All patients with a clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease, who were prospective HLA incompatible (HLAi) and/or ABO incompatible (ABOi) renal transplant recipients were included. A total of 400 cases including 36 ABOi transplants, 154 HLAi transplants, 10 simultaneously ABO and HLA incompatible transplants, and 200 ABO (ABOc) and HLA (HLAc) compatible kidney transplants from living donors were included.ResultsThere were significantly more number of blood transfusions, previous transplants and pregnancies in HLAi transplant recipients relative to the ABOi or the control group. Mean number of therapeutic plasma exchange procedures per patient and mean plasma volume processed per procedure were slightly higher in the ABOi + HLAi category. The incidence of graft dysfunction due to suspected antibody‐mediated rejection during first year was highest in the ABOi + HLAi group, followed by ABOc + HLAi and ABOi + HLAc, lowest in the ABOc + HLAc category. Mean time to first episode of graft dysfunction was significantly shorter with incompatible transplants. There were no kidney transplant recipient deaths in the study.ConclusionPatient outcome and graft outcomes observed with incompatible transplants were not worse than those observed with compatible transplants.
CATKINAS: A large‐scale catalytic microkinetic analysis software for mechanism auto‐analysis and catalyst screening
Authors: Chen Jianfu , Jia Menglei , Hu Peijun , Wang Haifeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs an effective method to analyze complex catalytic reaction networks, microkinetic modeling is gaining increasing popularity in the catalytic activity evaluation and rational design of heterogeneous catalysts. An automated simulator with stable and reliable performance is especially useful and in great request. Here we introduce the CATKINAS package developed for large‐scale microkinetic modeling and analysis. Featuring with a multilevel solver and a multifunctional analyzer, CATKINAS can provide both accurate solutions and various quantitative and automatic analysis for a wide range of catalytic systems. The structure and the basic workflow are overviewed with the multilevel solver particularly illustrated. Also, we take the CO methanation reaction as an example to illustrate the application and efficiency of the CATKINAS package.
Quantum‐chemical investigation of the phosphine ligand effects on the structure and electronic properties of a rhenabenzyne complex
Authors: Parsa Parisa , Ghiasi Reza , Marjani Azam 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study examined the effects of phosphine ligand on the structure and electronic properties of (C5H4)Re(PX3)3Cl rhenabenzyne complexes (X = H, F, Cl, Me) using the hybrid density functional MPW1PW91. Variations in the structure, dipole moment, electronic spatial extent (ESE), and aromaticity of the title complex were studied. In addition, adiabatic and vertical ionization potential and electron affinity values of these complexes were calculated. Correlations between the calculated parameters and Tolman cone angles (θ), Tolman's Electronic Parameter (TEP), as well as the Crabtree's DFT Electronic Parameter (CEP) of the phosphine ligands were illustrated. The para‐delocalization index (PDI) was used to investigate aromaticity in these systems. Natural bond orbital analysis (NBO) was employed for a comprehensive insight into the nature of the bonds in these complexes.
Reduction of gender‐associated M2‐like tumor‐associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of patients with pancreatic cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Matsuki Hiroki , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Miyake Kentaro , Murakami Takashi , Homma Yuki , Matsuyama Ryusei , Morioka Daisuke , Kurotaki Daisuke , Tamura Tomohiko , Endo Itaru 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate gender‐dependent antitumor immune response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients.MethodsThis study enrolled 58 patients (25 females and 33 males) with borderline resectable PDAC who underwent R0 surgical resection after NACRT. The resected tumor specimens were analyzed for tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs); tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (CD8+ and CD4+ T cells); regulatory T cells; and IRF‐5‐expressing cells using immunohistochemical staining for CD163, CD204, CD8, CD4, Foxp3, and IRF‐5 antigen. The relationship between clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes was evaluated using multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis.ResultsFemales had longer overall survival (P = .044) and relapse‐free survival (P = .044) than males. The CD204+ TAM number was significantly lower in females than in males (P = .009). No significant difference occurred between female and male patients in other tumor‐infiltrating immune cells. IRF‐5+ cell number was significantly higher in female patients (P = .002). Negative correlation occurred between CD204+ cells and IRF‐5‐positive cells (P = .003, r = −.385).ConclusionsFemale gender was an independent prognostic factor possibly due to the greater reduction in CD204+ TAM infiltration in tumors after NACRT. The beneficial effects of NACRT on TAMs' infiltration might be associated with gender‐dependent IRF‐5 expression.
Current status of pediatric deceased donor liver transplantation: Lessons learned from a high‐volume center in Japan where living donation remains predominant
Authors: Sakamoto Seisuke , Uchida Hajime , Shimizu Seiichi , Yanagi Yusuke , Takeda Masahiro , Kubota Tomomi , Nakazato Yayoi , Fukuda Akinari , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn Japan, a recent gradual increase in deceased donor donation has expanded opportunities for pediatric patients to obtain deceased grafts.MethodsForty‐three children underwent deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) at our institute before February 2020. Twenty‐five patients received a split or reduced graft and 18 patients received a whole graft. The clinical outcomes of DDLT were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe main organ resource was split/reduced grafts retrieved from adult donors; however, the number of whole grafts retrieved from pediatric donors has increased. The rates of major complications were similar in the two groups. The 5‐year graft survival rate of patients who received a split/reduced graft (78.0%) was lower than that of patients who received a whole graft (88.9%; P = .40). The 3‐year graft survival rates of patients who recently received a split/reduced graft and a whole graft improved to 92.3% and 91.7%, respectively.ConclusionsThe recent amendment of the organ allocation system, especially the introduction of pediatric prioritization, can effectively increase the chance to obtain deceased donor grafts for pediatric DDLT in Japan. The recent refinements in donor and recipient selection and in the surgical technique of split DDLT can improve the outcomes of pediatric DDLT in Japan.
MALDI‐TOF analysis of a novel extremophile peptide purified from Halarchaeum acidiphilum ASDL78 with antiarchaeal and antibacterial activities
Authors: Abbasi Soheila , Emtiazi Giti 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn hypersaline environments, halophilic archaea synthesize antimicrobial substances called halocins. There is a promise to make new drugs for antibiotic‐resistant strains. Here, we report the antibacterial activity of a new haloarchaea selected from Lut Desert, Iran. A total of 38 isolated halophilic bacteria and archaea were screened for the antagonistic activity test of each strain against other bacterial and archaeal strains. Finally, a strain, recognized as Halarchaeum acidiphilum, with a fast grown strain and high antagonistic potential against different strains was identified by morphological, physiological, and molecular characteristics. The halocin was produced in a semisolid submerge medium and partially purified by heat treatments and molecular weight ultrafiltration cutoff (3, 50, and 10 kDa). It was a cell‐free, heat‐resistant (85°C for 2 h) protein with a molecular mass near to 20 kDa produced at the endpoint of logarithmic growth. The molecular weight of halocin was 17 kDa, and indicated no apparent homology with known halocins, suggesting that this might be a new halocin. Therefore, a new strain belonging to Halarchaeum genus was isolated and characterized here that produced an antimicrobial and anti‐haloarchaea halocin.
Production and characterization of a bioactive extracellular homopolysaccharide produced by Haloferax sp. BKW301
Authors: Biswas Jhuma , Saha Pradipta , Ganguly Jhuma , Paul Amal K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe production of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) by haloarchaeal members, with novel and unusual physicochemical properties, is of special importance and has the potential for extensive biotechnological exploitation. An extremely halophilic archaeon, Haloferax sp. BKW301 (GenBank Accession No. KT240044) isolated from a solar saltern of Baksal, West Bengal, India has been optimized for the production of EPS under batch culture. It produced a considerable amount (5.95 g/L) of EPS in the medium for halophiles with 15% NaCl, 3% glucose, 0.5% yeast extract, and 6% inoculum under shake flask culture at 120 rpm. The purified EPS, a homopolymer of galactose as revealed by chromatographic methods and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, is noncrystalline (CIxrd, 0.82), amorphous, and could emulsify hydrocarbons like kerosene, petrol, xylene, and so forth. Moreover, the polymer is highly thermostable (up to 420°C) and displayed pseudoplastic rheology. Biologically, the EPS was able to scavenge DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) radical efficiently and inhibit the proliferation of the Huh‐7 cell line at an IC50 value of 6.25 µg/ml with a Hill coefficient of 0.844. Large‐scale production of this thermostable, pseudoplastic homopolysaccharide, therefore, could find suitable applications in industry and biotechnology.
FvmnSOD is involved in oxidative stress defence, mitochondrial stability and apoptosis prevention in Fusarium verticillioides
Authors: Szabó Zsuzsa , Pákozdi Klaudia , Murvai Katalin , Kecskeméti Ádám , Oláh Viktor , Logrieco Antonio F. , Madar Anett , Dienes Beatrix , Csernoch László , Emri Tamás , Hornok László , Pócsi István , Leiter Éva 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSuperoxide dismutases are key enzymes in elimination of the superoxide anion radical (O2•−) generated intracellularly or by exogenous oxidative stress eliciting agents, like menadione. In this study, we investigated the physiological role of the manganese superoxide dismutase‐encoding gene in Fusarium verticillioides via the construction of a gene deletion mutant, ΔFvmnSOD and comparing its phenotype with that of the wild‐type parental strain and a ΔFvmnSOD′ C strain, complemented with the functional manganese superoxide dismutase gene. Deletion of FvmnSOD had no effect on the relative intracellular superoxide ratio but increased the sensitivity of the fungus to menadione sodium bisulphite on Czapek‐Dox stress agar plates. The lack of FvmnSOD caused changes in mitochondrial morphology and physiology: The volumetric ratio of these cell organelles in the second hyphal segment, as well as the total, the KCN‐sensitive cytochrome c‐dependent and the KCN+SHAM (salicylhidroxamic acid)‐resistant residual respiration rates, were higher in the mutant as compared to the wild‐type and the complemented strains. Nevertheless, changes in the respiration rates were attributable to the higher volumetric ratio of mitochondria found in the gene deletion mutant. Changes in the mitochondrial functions also brought about higher sensitivity to apoptotic cell death elicited by the Penicillium chrysogenum antifungal protein. The gene deletion mutant developed significantly thinner hyphae in comparison to the wild‐type strain. Deletion of FvmnSOD had no effect on fumonisin B1 and B2 production of the fungus grown in Myro medium as a static culture.
Impact of Inclusive Leadership on Innovative Work Behavior: The Role of Creative Self‐Efficacy
Authors: Javed Basharat , Fatima Tasneem , Khan Abdul Karim , Bashir Sajid 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between the relational mode of leadership (i.e., inclusive leadership) and innovative work behavior with the mediating role of creative self‐efficacy. Data were collected from employees of small and medium textile enterprises in Pakistan. Results show that there is a positive relationship between inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior. While aligned with previous research, the results of this study confirm the mediating role of creative self‐efficacy in inclusive leadership–innovative work behavior relationships. Based on its findings, this study recommends that human resource (HR) managers prioritize the hiring of leaders possessing inclusive attributes such as openness, availability, and accessibility. Additionally, the results of this study indicate that, in order to successfully implement new changes, it is important that HR managers hire employees evidencing innovative work behavior in a work setting.
What is not hidden about knowledge hiding: Deciphering the future research directions through a morphological analysis
Authors: Issac Abraham Cyril , Baral Rupashree , Bednall Timothy Colin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractKnowledge hiding is an intentional attempt by an individual to withhold knowledge. Though knowledge hiding as a research area has gained popularity only in recent years, the withholding of information has been a concern for business organizations for a long time, having significant implications for knowledge management. Accordingly, knowledge hiding as a construct has received enough deliberations from the practitioners. However, academic researchers have called for more systematic research on knowledge hiding, giving us enough motivation to carry out a research study on the same. First, this article attempts to decipher the term “knowledge hiding” by defining it and differentiating it from several synonymous terms. Second, some of the existing knowledge hiding frameworks are analyzed. Finally, a morphological analysis of the selected literature, including a qualitative rating, estimating the extent of the work is undertaken, which throws light into the areas that have already been studied and underscores the pertinent 184 research gaps worthy of further investigation. In addition to the identification of these distinct research gaps, the analysis categorically establishes two outcomes. The findings suggest that around half of the total research literature on knowledge hiding evolved in the last 2 years, which makes it a salient area of research. The extent of work done in knowledge hiding, captured by an average qualitative rating score of 2.55 out of 5 underscores that this novel construct bears large research potential. Therefore, a morphological analysis, as carried out in this article, strengthens the current understanding on knowledge hiding and provides the impetus for further research in the area.
Journal self‐citation trends in 1975–2017 and the effect on journal impact and article citations
Authors: Gazni Ali , Didegah Fereshteh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates journal self‐citation trends between 1975 and 2017. The research sought to answer whether articles that include journal self‐citations are more highly cited, if they affect the journal impact factor, and whether such articles are more relevant to their journals' content than others. We analysed approximately 24,000 active journals indexed in the Web of Science from 1975 to 2018 and found that, over time, whilst overall citations have increased dramatically, the percentage of journal self‐citations has reduced. Although self‐citations to recently published articles has increased since 2004, self‐citations also seem to have a decreasing effect on impact factor. High‐impact journals self‐cite recent publications more than lower‐impact journals but also cite recently published content more frequently than lower‐impact journals. There is a positive citation effect on articles that include journal self‐citations, and these appear more related to the current content of that journal based on the relatedness of references. Journal self‐citation can therefore be seen as a useful indicator to determine whether an article is a good fit for a journal and of interest to its readers. It may also contribute to higher visibility and impact of an article.
A cyclic peptide retards the proliferation of DU145 prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through inhibition of FGFR2
Authors: Zhang Yibo , Ouyang Man , Wang Hailong , Zhang Bihui , Guang Wenhua , Liu Ruiwu , Li Xiaocen , Shih Tsung‐Chieh , Li Zhixin , Cao Jieqiong , Meng Qiling , Su Zijian , Ye Jinshao , Liu Feng , Hong An , Chen Xiaojia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn malignancies, fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) signaling is reinforced through overexpression of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) or their receptors. FGFR2 has been proposed as a target for cancer therapy, because both the expression and activation of FGFR2 are boosted in various malignant carcinomas. Although several chemicals have been designed against FGFR2, they did not exhibit enough specificity and might bring potential accumulated toxicity. In this study, we developed an epitope peptide (P5) and its cyclic derivative (DcP5) based on the structure of FGF2 to limit the activation of FGFR2. The anticancer activities of P5 and DcP5 were examined in vitro and in vivo. Our results demonstrated that P5 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation in FGFR2‐dependent manner in DU145 cells and retarded tumor growth in DU145 xenograft model with negligible toxicity toward normal organs. Further investigations found that the Gln4 and Glu6 residues of P5 bind to FGFR2 to abolish its activation. Moreover, we developed the P5 cyclic derivative, DcP5, which achieved reinforced stability and anticancer activity in vivo. Our findings suggest P5 and its cyclic derivative DcP5 as potential candidates for anticancer therapy.
Efficient computation of the magnetic polarizabiltiy tensor spectral signature using proper orthogonal decomposition
Authors: Wilson Ben A. , Ledger Paul D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe identification of hidden conducting permeable objects from measurements of the perturbed magnetic field taken over a range of low frequencies is important in metal detection. Applications include identifying threat items in security screening at transport hubs, location of unexploded ordnance, and antipersonnel landmines in areas of former conflict, searching for items of archeological significance and recycling of valuable metals. The solution of the inverse problem, or more generally locating and classifying objects, has attracted considerable attention recently using polarizability tensors. The magnetic polarizability tensor (MPT) provides a characterization of a conducting permeable object using a small number of coefficients, has an explicit formula for the calculation of their coefficients, and a well understood frequency behavior, which we call its spectral signature. However, to compute such signatures, and build a library of them for object classification, requires the repeated solution of a transmission problem, which is typically accomplished approximately using a finite element discretization. To reduce the computational cost, we propose an efficient reduced order model (ROM) that further reduces the problem using a proper orthogonal decomposition for the rapid computation of MPT spectral signatures. Our ROM benefits from a posteriori error estimates of the accuracy of the predicted MPT coefficients with respect to those obtained with finite element solutions. These estimates can be computed cheaply during the online stage of the ROM allowing the ROM prediction to be certified. To further increase the efficiency of the computation of the MPT spectral signature, we provide scaling results, which enable an immediate calculation of the signature under changes in the object size or conductivity. We illustrate our approach by application to a range of homogenous and inhomogeneous conducting permeable objects.