bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong and Flexible Carbon Fiber Fabric Reinforced Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites for High‐Performance EMI Shielding Applications
Authors: Duan Ningmin , Shi Zhenyu , Wang Jilai , Wang Guilong , Zhang Xianzhi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractElectromagnetic shielding materials play a significant role in solving the increasing environmental problem of electromagnetic pollutions. The commonly used metal‐based electromagnetic materials suffer from high density, poor corrosion resistance, and high processing cost. Polymer composites exhibit unique combined properties of lightweight, good shock absorption, and corrosion resistance. In this study, a novel high angle sensitive composite is fabricated by combining carbon fiber (CF) fabric with thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU). The effect of stacking angle of CF fabric on EMI shielding performance of composite is studied. When the stacking angle of CF fabric changed, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of CF fabric/TPU composite can reach a maximum of 73 dB, and the tensile strength can reach 168 MPa. In addition, the composite has anisotropic conductivity, which is conductive along the plane direction and nonconductive along the thickness direction. Moreover, the CF fabric/TPU composite manifests exceptional EMI‐SE/density/thickness value of 383 dB cm2 g−1, which is higher than most of current EMI shielding composites reported in literature. In summary, CF fabric/TPU composite is an excellent EMI shielding material that is lightweight, highly flexible, and mechanically robust, which can be applied to the field of aerospace and some intelligent electronic devices.
Electrophoretic Adhesion of Conductive Hydrogels
Authors: Asoh Taka‐Aki , Nakamura Megumi , Shoji Tatsuya , Tsuboi Yasuyuki , Uyama Hiroshi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor the development of next‐generation wearable and implantable devices that connect the human body and machines, the adhesion of a conductive hydrogel is required. In this study, a conductive hydrogel is adhered using an electrophoretic approach through polyion complex formation at the interface of the hydrogels. Cationic and anionic conductive hydrogels adhere to anionic and cationic hydrogels, respectively. Moreover, the cationic and anionic conductive hydrogels adhere strongly to each other and the adhered conductive hydrogels exhibit conductivity. De‐adhesion is possible by adding a salt and re‐adhesion is demonstrated under aqueous conditions. It is believed that this innovative adhesion strategy for conductive hydrogels will be a fundamental technology for the connecting “soft” people and “hard” machines.
The effect of electron beam sterilization on the physical properties of the bioresorbable polymer coatings on the titanium 6‐aluminum 4‐vanadium substrate
Authors: Kajzer W. , Szewczenko J. , Kajzer A. , Basiaga M. , Jaworska J. , Jelonek K. , Hercog A. , Kaczmarek M. , Marcinkowski A. , Kasperczyk J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of the work is to determine the physical properties of titanium 6‐aluminum 4‐vanadium alloy with poly (glycolide‐ϵ‐caprolactone) coating after electron beam sterilization. First, the metal substrate is machined with grade 120 and 320 grinding papers. Some of the samples are subjected to anodic oxidation. Then, the samples are coated with a biodegradable polymer layer of poly (glycolide‐ϵ‐caprolactone). Samples with polymer coatings are subjected to electron beam sterilization. To evaluate the effect of sterilization on physical properties of modified titanium alloy the scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, adhesion studies of the polymer coating to the metal substrate and wettability tests are applied. On the basis of the obtained results, an increase of the contact angle value is found both after applying the polymer coating to the surface of the tested titanium 6‐aluminium 4‐vanadium alloy as well as after electron beam sterilization. In addition, a slight increase of the adhesion in sterilized samples comparted to non‐sterilized is observed. In scanning electron microscopic observations, traces of machining on the surface of the metal substrate and the continuity of the polymer coatings before and after sterilization are found. In the atomic force microscopic studies in relation to the initial state, a very good mapping of the surface topography of the samples with a homogeneous coating is found.
Surface modification of titanium 6‐aluminum 7‐niobium alloy with biodegradable polymer coatings
Authors: Szewczenko J. , Kajzer W. , Kajzer A. , Basiaga M. , Kaczmarek M. , Antonowicz M. , Jaworska J. , Jelonek K. , Marcinkowski A. , Kasperczyk J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study is to determine the effect of long‐term exposure to Ringer's solution on the physical properties of biodegradable polymer coatings on the titanium 6‐aluminum 7‐niobium alloy substrate. 30 day, 60 day and 90 day research periods are applied. The work is performed on a titanium 6‐aluminum 7‐niobium alloy modified by sandblasting and anodic oxidation. Three biodegradable polymer coatings: poly(glycolide‐ϵ‐caprolactone); poly(glycolide‐ϵ‐caprolactone‐L,L‐lactide) and poly(D,L‐lactide‐glycolide), containing ciprofloxacin are used in the study. The coatings are deposited by dip‐coating method. Topography, wettability, and adhesion of the coatings are analyzed. The analysis of the test results indicates that regardless of the type of coating and the number of dips, the obtained coatings are continuous, hydrophilic, map the topography of the substrate, and slight change roughness after exposure to Ringer's solution. After three months of exposure to Ringer's solution, an increase in wettability and, at the same time, a significant decrease in adhesion is observed. The poly(D,L‐lactide‐glycolide) coatings are characterized by the greatest adhesion to the substrate.
The influence of the parameters of the zinc oxide layer deposition process using the atomic layer deposition method on the physical and mechanical properties of 316LVM steel
Authors: Basiaga M. , Walke W. , Sambok‐Kiełbowicz A. , Paszenda Z. , Kaczmarek M. , Taratuta A. , Szindler M. , Ziębowicz B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe analysis of most of the work on the use of surgical implants shows that the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the implant surface determine the effectiveness of their use. Therefore, in the currently conducted research, the greatest attention is focused on the development of coating conditions on the surface of implants, limiting, among others, biofilm formation. In addition to the improvement of electrochemical properties, an important issue related to the production of layers is also an appropriate set of physical and mechanical properties. Therefore, the paper attempts to assess the physical and mechanical properties of the applied zinc oxide layers on the LVM 316 steel substrate using the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method. As part of the assessment of mechanical properties of the resulting surface layers, the tests of adhesion to the metal substrate (scratch test) were carried out. In turn, as part of the physical properties assessment, surface roughness tests (atomic force microscopy – AFM) and its wettability were carried out. Such a comprehensive approach will allow the development of an antibacterial layer with optimal physical and mechanical properties for applications with metal implants.
Crack resistance behavior of particulate reinforced composites at various test speeds and temperatures
Authors: Kim S.D. , Yoon D.H. , Lee S.Y. , Kim J.H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this study, the fracture behavior and characteristics of particulate‐reinforced composite materials were evaluated by performing wedge splitting tests. The crack resistance of the materials was evaluated using the crack tip opening displacement and crack tip opening angle. The composites were tested under various temperatures and test speeds. The digital image correlation method was used to analyze the strain field at the crack tip. The fracture surface under test conditions was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The test results showed that the fracture energy increased with decreasing temperature, and the crack resistance increased with increasing test speed. The crack tip opening angle is divided into an unstable region and stable region. The critical crack tip opening angle can be defined as the fracture mechanics parameter measured in a stable region. The surface strain fields obtained by digital image correlation method are distributed in the range from 1.5 % to 4.5 % at the initiation of the crack. A crack grows with dewetting phenomenon at the temperature range from 60 °C to −40 °C, and the crack propagates with fracture of ammonium perchlorate oxidizer particles at the glass transition temperature of −70 °C.
Long‐term tadalafil administration can prevent functional and structural changes of the urinary bladder in male rats with partial bladder outlet obstruction
Authors: Shinkai Nobuo , Ichihara Koji , Kobayashi Ko , Tabata Hidetoshi , Hashimoto Kohei , Fukuta Fumimasa , Tanaka Toshiaki , Masumori Naoya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimsThere have been few reports on whether long‐term oral phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor administration can ameliorate bladder changes due to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). Therefore, we clarified the chronological changes of the bladder using male BOO rats and evaluated the effects of tadalafil on these changes.MethodsEight‐week‐old male Sprague‐Dawley rats were used. BOO was created by placing a polyethylene catheter around the urethra. Then, the rats were orally treated with a vehicle, or tadalafil 2 or 10 mg/kg until each evaluation period. Cystometric measurements were performed and the degree of fibrosis in the smooth muscle layer was evaluated at 2, 4, and 16 weeks.ResultsIn BOO rats, a significant increase in the number of non‐voiding contractions (NVCs) and a shortened intercontraction interval (ICI) were observed in the earlier phase (2 and 4 weeks) compared to Sham rats. In the chronic phase (16 weeks), markedly increased residual urine volume and an extended ICI were observed accompanied by enhanced smooth muscle fibrosis. These results indicated that the bladder in BOO rats represented the overactive phenotype in the earlier phase and changed into the underactive phenotype in the chronic phase. Even in Sham rats, an increased number of NVCs and enhanced fibrosis were observed with time. Tadalafil administration significantly prevented these bladder changes in both BOO and Sham rats.ConclusionsLong‐term oral administration of tadalafil can prevent functional and histological changes in the BOO rat bladder. This agent is also effective for the bladder functional change even in non‐obstructed rats.
A coupled FEM‐MFS method for the vibro‐acoustic simulation of laminated poro‐elastic shells
Authors: Gfrerer Michael H. , Schanz Martin 
Published: May 2020

SummaryA new simulation method for the vibro‐acoustic simulation of poro‐elastic shells is presented. The proposed methods can be used to investigate arbitrary curved layered panels, as well as their interaction with the surrounding air. We employ a high‐order finite element method (FEM) for the discretization of the shell structure. We assume that the shell geometry is given parametrically or implicitly. For both cases the exact geometry is used in the simulation. In order to discretize the fluid surrounding the structure, a variational variant of the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) is developed. Thus, the meshing of the fluid domain can be avoided and in the case of unbounded domains the Sommerfeld radiation condition is fulfilled. In order to simulate coupled fluid‐structure interaction problems, the FEM and the MFS are combined to a coupled method. The implementation of the uncoupled FEM for the shell and the uncoupled MFS is verified against numerical examples based on the method of manufactured solutions. For the verification of the coupled method an example with a known exact solution is considered. In order to show the potential of the method sound transmission from cavities to exterior half‐spaces is simulated.
The COVID‐19 pandemic: A rapid global response for children with cancer from SIOP, COG, SIOP‐E, SIOP‐PODC, IPSO, PROS, CCI, and St Jude Global
Authors: Sullivan Michael , Bouffet Eric , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Luna‐Fineman Sandra , Khan Muhammad Saghir , Kearns Pam , Hawkins Douglas S. , Challinor Julia , Morrissey Lisa , Fuchs Jörg , Marcus Karen , Balduzzi Adriana , Basset‐Salom Luisa , Caniza Miguela , Baker Justin N. , Kebudi Rejin , Hessissen Laila , Sullivan Richard , Pritchard‐Jones Kathy ,   Contributing Authors
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic is one of the most serious global challenges to delivering affordable and equitable treatment to children with cancer we have witnessed in the last few decades. This Special Report aims to summarize general principles for continuing multidisciplinary care during the SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) pandemic. With contributions from the leadership of the International Society for Pediatric Oncology (SIOP), Children's Oncology Group (COG), St Jude Global program, and Childhood Cancer International, we have sought to provide a framework for healthcare teams caring for children with cancer during the pandemic. We anticipate the burden will fall particularly heavily on children, their families, and cancer services in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Therefore, we have brought together the relevant clinical leads from SIOP Europe, COG, and SIOP‐PODC (Pediatric Oncology in Developing Countries) to focus on the six most curable cancers that are part of the WHO Global Initiative in Childhood Cancer. We provide some practical advice for adapting diagnostic and treatment protocols for children with cancer during the pandemic, the measures taken to contain it (e.g., extreme social distancing), and how to prepare for the anticipated recovery period.
Using machine learning to improve ensemble docking for drug discovery
Authors: Chandak Tanay , Mayginnes John P. , Mayes Howard , Wong Chung F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEnsemble docking has provided an inexpensive method to account for receptor flexibility in molecular docking for virtual screening. Unfortunately, as there is no rigorous theory to connect the docking scores from multiple structures to measured activity, researchers have not yet come up with effective ways to use these scores to classify compounds into actives and inactives. This shortcoming has led to the decrease, rather than an increase in the performance of classifying compounds when more structures are added to the ensemble. Previously, we suggested machine learning, implemented in the form of a naïve Bayesian model could alleviate this problem. However, the naïve Bayesian model assumed that the probabilities of observing the docking scores to different structures to be independent. This approximation might prevent it from achieving even higher performance. In the work presented in this paper, we have relaxed this approximation when using several other machine learning methods—k nearest neighbor, logistic regression, support vector machine, and random forest—to improve ensemble docking. We found significant improvement.
Nanomaterial Transformations in the Environment: Effects of Changing Exposure Forms on Bioaccumulation and Toxicity
Authors: Spurgeon David J. , Lahive Elma , Schultz Carolin L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the environment, nanomaterials (NMs) are subject to chemical transformations, such as redox reactions, dissolution, coating degradation, and organic matter, protein, and macromolecule binding, and physical transformations including homo or heteroagglomeration. The combination of these reactions can result in NMs with differing characteristics progressing through a functional fate pathway that leads to the formation of transformed NM functional fate groups with shared properties. To establish the nature of such effects of transformation on NMs, four main types of studies are conducted: 1) chemical aging for transformation of pristine NMs; 2) manipulation of test media to change NM surface properties; 3) aging of pristine NMs water, sediment, or soil; 4) NM aging in waste streams and natural environments. From these studies a paradigm of aging effects on NM uptake and toxicity can be developed. Transformation, especially speciation changes, largely results in reduced potency. Further reactions at the surface resulting in processes, such as ecocorona formation and heteroagglomeration may additionally reduce NM potency. When NMs of differing potency transform and enter environments, common transformation reaction occurring in receiving system may act to reduce the variation in hazard between different initial NMs leading to similar actual hazard under realistic exposure conditions.
Comparative study of support vector machines and random forests machine learning algorithms on credit operation
Authors: Teles Germanno , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C. , Rabêlo Ricardo A. L. , Kozlov Sergei A. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryCorporate insolvency has significant adverse effects on an economy. With the number of multinationals increasing rapidly, corporate bankruptcy can severely disrupt the global financial environment. However, multinationals do not fail instantaneously; objective strategies combined with a rigorous analysis of both qualitative and quantifiable data can go a long way in identifying an organization's financial risks. Recent advancements in information and communication technologies have made data collection and storage an easy task. The challenge becomes mining the appropriate data about a company's financial risks and implementing it in forecasting a company's insolvency probabilities. In recent years, machine learning has been incorporated into big data analytics owing to its massive success in learning complex models. Machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forests (RF), Artificial Neural Networks, Gaussian Processes, and Adaptive Learning have been used in the analysis of Big Data to predict the financial risks of companies. In this paper, credit scoring is explored with regards to data processed using the collateral as an independent variable. The obtained results indicate that RF algorithm is promising for use in credit risk management. This research shows the advantages of the RF approach over the SVM algorithm are its speed and operational simplicity, and SVM has the benefit of higher classification accuracy than RF. The paper compares the SVM and RF algorithms to forecast the recovered value in a credit task. The execution of the projected intelligent systems uses tests and algorithms for authentication of the projected model.
Clinical outcome of PSMA-guided radiotherapy for patients with oligorecurrent prostate cancer
Authors: Stefan A. Koerber  , Katharina Sprute  , Clemens Kratochwil  , Erik Winter  , Matthias F. Haefner  , Sonja Katayama  , Ingmar Schlampp  , Klaus Herfarth  , Klaus Kopka  , Ali Afshar-Oromieh  , Stefanie Zschaebitz  , Tim Holland-Letz  , Peter L. Choyke  , Dirk Jaeger  , Markus Hohenfellner  , Uwe Haberkorn  , Juergen Debus  , Frederik L. Giesel  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
First-line treatment of patients with recurrent, metastatic prostate cancer involves hormone therapy with or without additional systemic therapies. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) allows the detection of oligometastatic disease that may be amenable to image-guided radiotherapy. The current study classifies the type and localization of metastases and the clinical outcome of PSMA-PET/CT-guided radiotherapy to selected metastases.

Materials and methods
Between 2011 and 2019, 86 patients with recurrent, oligometastatic prostate carcinoma were identified by PSMA-PET/CT and were treated with image-guided radiotherapy of their metastases. Sites of relapse were characterized, and the primary endpoint overall survival (OS), biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS), and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)-free survival were tabulated.

Results
In total, 37% of the metastases were bone metastases, 48% were pelvic nodal metastases, and 15% were nodal metastases outside of the pelvis. After PSMA-guided radiotherapy, a biochemical response was detected in 83% of the cohort. A statistically significant decrease in the standard uptake value (SUV) was seen in irradiated metastases. After a median follow-up of 26 months, the 3-year OS and bPFS were 84% and 55%, respectively. The median time of ADT-free survival was 13.5 months. A better clinical outcome was observed for patients receiving concomitant ADT or more than 24 fractions of radiation.

Conclusion
PSMA-guided radiotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach with excellent infield control for men with oligorecurrent prostate carcinoma. However, prospective, randomized trials are necessary to determine if this approach confers a survival advantage.
Provocative Angiography, Followed by Therapeutic Interventions, in the Management of Hard‐To‐Diagnose Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Kokoroskos Nikolaos , Naar Leon , Peponis Thomas , Martinez Myriam , El Moheb Mohamad , El Hechi Majed , Alser Osaid , Fuentes Eva , Velmahos George 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite significant advances in imaging and endoscopic diagnostic techniques, adequate localization of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) can be challenging. Provocative angiography (PROVANGIO) has not been part of the standard diagnostic algorithms yet. We sought to examine the ability of PROVANGIO to identify the bleeding source when conventional radiography fails.MethodsPatients undergoing PROVANGIO for GIB during 2008–2014 were retrospectively included. Demographics and periprocedural patient characteristics were recorded. PROVANGIO was performed in a multidisciplinary setting, involving interventional radiology, surgery and anesthesiology teams, ready to intervene in case of uncontrolled bleeding. The procedure included conventional angiography of the celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric arteries (SMA, IMA) followed by a stepwise bleeding provocation with anticoagulating, vasodilating and/or thrombolytic agent administration, combined with angiography.ResultsTwenty‐three PROVANGIO were performed. Patients were predominantly male (15, 65.2%), and hematochezia was the most common presenting symptom (12, 52.2%). Patients with a positive PROVANGIO had lower Charlson comorbidity index (1 vs. 7, p = 0.009) and were less likely to have a prior history of GIB (14.3% vs. 87.5%, p = 0.001). PROVANGIO localized bleeding in 7 (30%) patients. In 6 out of 7 patients, the bleeding source was identified in the SMA and, in one case, in the IMA distribution. The bleeding was controlled angiographically in four cases, endoscopically in one case and surgically in the remaining two. No complications related to PROVANGIO were detected.ConclusionsIn our series, PROVANGIO safely identified the bleeding source, and provided that necessary safeguards are put into place, we recommend incorporating it in the diagnostic algorithms for GIB management.