bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superficial sarcomas with CIC rearrangement are aggressive neoplasms: A series of eight cases
Authors: Ko Jennifer S. , Marusic Zlatko , Azzato Elizabeth M. , Farkas Daniel H. , Van Arnam John , Seiwerth Sven , Fritchie Karen , Patel Rajiv M. , Rubin Brian P. , Billings Steven D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCIC rearranged sarcomas have significant overlap with Ewing sarcoma, are aggressive, and typically present in deep soft tissue. They most commonly have a t(4;19)(q35;q13) with CIC‐DUX4 fusion. Superficial presentation is rare. We report eight (6F, 2M; median 45‐years‐old, range 14‐65) superficial CIC‐rearranged sarcomas, involving the extremities (n = 4), vulva (n = 2), and trunk (n = 2). The tumors were composed of nodules/sheets of round cells with necrosis and hemorrhage separated by dense hyaline bands. Tumor cells had vesicular chromatin, prominent nucleoli and frequent mitotic figures. One showed pagetoid spread. Targeted next‐generation sequencing was positive for CIC‐DUX4 fusion (6/6); fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was positive for CIC rearrangement (2/3). Eight of eight had evidence of CIC‐DUX4 fusion/rearrangement by molecular techniques. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD99+ (8/8) and DUX4+ (4/4). FISH for EWSR1 rearrangement was negative (5/5). Of five patients with at least 6 months follow‐up, three of five died of disease, all within 2 years of presentation. One is alive with disease at 48 months. One is disease free at 3 months. Superficial CIC‐rearranged sarcomas should be considered in cases exhibiting features reminiscent of Ewing sarcoma, but with increased pleomorphism and/or geographic necrosis. In contrast to superficial Ewing sarcomas, superficial CIC‐rearranged sarcomas are aggressive.
Differenzierung von kombinierten Nävi und Melanomen: Fallkontrollstudie mit komparativer Analyse der dermatoskopischen Merkmale
Authors: Schweizer Anissa , Fink Christine , Bertlich Ines , Toberer Ferdinand , Mitteldorf Christina , Stolz Wilhelm , Enk Alexander , Kilian Samuel , Haenssle Holger A. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundKombinierte Nävi (KN) zeigen zwei oder mehr Komponenten bestimmter Nävustypen und stellen klassische Melanomsimulatoren dar. In dieser Studie wurde eine vorab definierte Auswahl dermatoskopischer Merkmale sowie drei diagnostische Algorithmen hinsichtlich der Differenzierung von KN und Melanomen evaluiert.Patienten und MethodikRetrospektive, verblindete Fallkontrollstudie mit Vergleich dermatoskopischer Bilder von 36 KN sowie 36 Melanomen. Insgesamt wurden 21 dermatoskopische Merkmale, die Anzahl der Farben sowie drei diagnostische Algorithmen (ABCD‐Regel, Menzies‐Score, 7‐Punkte‐Checkliste) untersucht.Ergebnisse5 von 7 typischen Nävus‐Merkmalen wurden signifikant häufiger in KN im Vergleich zu Melanomen gefunden (alle p < 0,05) und zwei Merkmale wurden ausschließlich in KN gefunden. 11 von 14 typischen Melanom‐Merkmalen wurden signifikant häufiger in Melanomen im Vergleich zu KN gefunden (alle p < 0,03) und fünf Merkmale wurden ausschließlich in Melanomen gefunden. Die mittlere (± SD) Anzahl der Farben in KN war niedriger im Vergleich zu den Melanomen (2,1 ± 0,6 vs. 3,4 ± 0,7; p < 0,001). Bei den untersuchten Algorithmen zeigte die ABCD‐Regel der Dermatoskopie die beste diagnostische Leistung (Sensitivität 91,7 %, Spezifität 77,8 %).SchlussfolgerungenDie ABCD‐Regel der Dermatoskopie erzielte die beste Differenzierung von KN und Melanomen. Zusätzliches Wissen über KN‐ oder Melanom‐spezifische dermatoskopische Merkmale kann zur sicheren klinischen Diagnose beitragen.
Multiple Chemikaliensensibilität (MCS) – Ein Leitfaden für die Dermatologie zum Umgang mit den Betroffenen
Authors: Harter Katharina , Hammel Gertrud , Fleming Megan , Traidl‐Hoffmann Claudia 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungMultiple Chemikaliensensibilität (MCS) ist eine subjektiv erlebte, erhöhte Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Chemikalien aus der Umwelt. Betroffene reagieren mit vielfältigen, unspezifischen Beschwerden. Symptome an Haut und Schleimhäuten werden von Personen mit MCS häufig auf eine Exposition gegenüber Chemikalien zurückgeführt. Auch Dermatologen sollten sich deshalb mit dieser Gesundheitsstörung auseinandersetzen. Multiple Chemikaliensensibilität ist eine Ausschlussdiagnose. Durch Basisdiagnostik, Allergiediagnostik oder Umweltdiagnostik sollen andere mögliche Ursachen für Symptome ausgeschlossen werden. Die Dermatologie sollte in erster Linie Hauterkrankungen und Allergien als mögliche Ursachen für Beschwerden abklären. Interdisziplinäre Betreuung der Betroffenen ist insbesondere bei schweren Verläufen von Relevanz, beispielsweise, wenn Betroffene in Ihrer Alltagsbewältigung eingeschränkt sind. Wichtige Disziplinen sind dabei unter anderen Umweltmedizin, Psychosomatik, Arbeits‐ und Sozialmedizin. Hautbeschwerden werden durch die Dermatologie symptomatisch, zum Beispiel mit Hautbasispflege, behandelt. Evidenzbasierte Therapieempfehlungen zur Behandlung von MCS gibt es bislang nicht. Menschen mit MCS sollen vor überflüssigen Behandlungen und damit vor psychischen, sozialen und finanziellen Belastungen geschützt werden. Für den Umgang mit Betroffenen sind neben fachlichen, naturwissenschaftlichen Kompetenzen vor allem auch kommunikative und psychosoziale Kompetenzen relevant. Psychotherapeutische Weiterbildung für behandelnde Personen ist hilfreich. Unabhängig von den Mechanismen, die zu MCS führen, ist eine aktiv unterstützende Grundhaltung behandelnder Personen, eine gute Arzt‐Patient‐Beziehung sowie interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit bei Diagnostik und Therapie nötig.
Atopische Dermatitis und psychosoziale Komorbidität
Authors: Kage Paula , Simon Jan‐Christoph , Treudler Regina 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie atopische Dermatitis (AD) ist eine chronisch‐entzündliche Erkrankung, die mit einer Reihe von Komorbidität assoziiert sein kann, hierzu zählen auch psychosoziale Erkrankungen, zu denen hier eine Übersicht gegeben werden soll. Hierzu erfolgten eine Literaturrecherche in PubMed sowie gezieltes Screening von Übersichtsarbeiten und Leitlinien.Bei Patienten mit AD wird ein gehäuftes Auftreten von Depression, Angststörung, Schlafstörung und Suizidalität berichtet. Die Erkrankung hat negative Effekte auf die Lebensqualität. Bei Kindern wurde vermehrt das gemeinsame Auftreten der AD mit der Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit‐/Hyperaktivitätsstörung nachgewiesen. Weniger gut untersucht ist der Zusammenhang zwischen AD und Erkrankungen wie Schizophrenie, Essstörung und Zwangsstörung. Bezüglich der Komorbidität bei der AD gibt es hohen Forschungsbedarf, gerade auch im Hinblick darauf, ob und wie neuere Therapien diese Komorbidität beeinflussen.
Partial knowledge in the development of number word understanding
Authors: O'Rear Connor D. , McNeil Nicole M. , Kirkland Patrick K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA common measure of number word understanding is the give‐N task. Traditionally, to receive credit for understanding a number, N, children must understand that N does not apply to other set sizes (e.g. a child who gives three when asked for ‘three’ but also when asked for ‘four’ would not be credited with knowing ‘three’). However, it is possible that children who correctly provide the set size directly above their knower level but also provide that number for other number words (‘N + 1 givers’) may be in a partial, transitional knowledge state. In an integrative analysis including 191 preschoolers, subset knowers who correctly gave N + 1 at pretest performed better at posttest than did those who did not correctly give N + 1. This performance was not reflective of ‘full’ knowledge of N + 1, as N + 1 givers performed worse than traditionally coded knowers of that set size on separate measures of number word understanding within a given timepoint. Results support the idea of graded representations (Munakata, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 5, 309–315, 2001.) in number word development and suggest traditional approaches to coding the give‐N task may not completely capture children's knowledge.
Interguild interactions between a non‐native phloem feeder and a native outbreaking defoliator
Authors: MacDonnell Mallory , Edwards Sara , Heard Stephen B. , Pureswaran Deepa S. , Johns Robert C. 
Published: February 2020

1. Competitive and synergistic interactions directly or indirectly drive community dynamics of herbivorous insects. Novel interactions between non‐native and native insects are unpredictable and not fully understood.2. We used manipulative experiments on mature red spruce trees to test interactions between a non‐native phloem feeding insect, the brown spruce longhorn beetle (BSLB), and an outbreaking native defoliator, the spruce budworm. We subjected treatment trees to defoliation by three densities of spruce budworm larvae. Treatment trees were: stressed by (i) girdling (to mimic beetle feeding) or (ii) girdling + BSLB before spruce budworm larvae were introduced on branches in sleeve cages. Budworm larvae then fed on foliage and developed to pupation. We assessed all branches for budworm performance, defoliation, shoot production and shoot growth.3. Shoot length did not differ in response to stress from girdling or BSLB infestation. Neither stress from girdling, nor interactions with BSLB feeding affected spruce budworm performance or defoliation. Intraspecific impacts on performance and defoliation in relation to budworm density were stronger than the effects of tree stress.4. Prior infestation of red spruce by BSLB in our experimental set‐up did not influence spruce budworm performance. BSLB is a successful invader that has blended into its novel ecological niche because of ecological and phylogenetic similarities with a native congener,Tetropium cinnamopterum.5. Outbreaks by BSLB will not likely impede or facilitate spruce budworm outbreaks if they co‐occur. It would be useful to evaluate the reverse scenario of BSLB success after defoliation stress by spruce budworm.
Role of saprophagous fly biodiversity in ecological processes and urban ecosystem services
Authors: Castelli Lucas E. , Gleiser Raquel M. , Battán‐Horenstein Moira 
Published: February 2020

1. Direct consumption of organic matter by the saprophagous larvae provides the ecosystem with a fundamental service by recycling nutrients and reducing exposure to decomposing matter. The present study aimed to assess the functional role of saprophagous flies in the mass loss of different types of decomposing organic matter.2. Two types of common urban waste were used to measure the role of flies in reducing organic matter: chicken viscera (chicken) and a mixture of flour and uncooked eggs (flour and eggs), representing leftover food. Ten traps baited with each substrate, under field conditions, allowed fly access (exposed to flies) and three traps from each substrate did not (unexposed controls); adult flies entering the traps or emerging from the substrates and substrate mass loss were recorded.3. Species from Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae, Muscidae, and Fanniidae families were collected mainly in traps baited with chicken, with Phoridae being the most abundant in traps with flour and eggs as bait. A significantly richer (P < 0.05) assemblage of fly species accessed the traps baited with chicken viscera (21 species) compared with those emerging (11 species), whereas similar numbers of species accessed (n = 5) or emerged (n = 1) from traps baited with flour and eggs (average richness accessing 7.97, emerging 2.83). Chicken substrate mass loss and species richness were positively related (r = 0.56,P = 0.001). In traps where richness was larger than 10 species, the substrates were reduced by more than 85% of their initial weight compared with unexposed controls, which lost 30%. Substrate mass loss significantly increased with the abundance of flies (r = 0.73,P < 0.0001).4. The results of the present study support the functional role of saprophagous species diversity on the decomposition rates of organic matter, reinforcing the negative consequences of loss or gain of species in modified landscapes and for ecosystem function.
Neurobiology of systems memory consolidation
Authors: Takehara‐Nishiuchi Kaori 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPsychological theories posit that the hippocampus rapidly forms associations among ongoing events as they unfold. During a subsequent maturation process, so‐called systems memory consolidation, these associations are gradually stabilized within distributed neocortical circuits through close interactions between the hippocampus and neocortex. In the past 50 years, a major effort in neurobiological research has been directed towards translating these descriptive accounts into tangible, biological processes in the brain. Until the early 2000s, most studies exclusively focused on examining whether the hippocampus becomes unnecessary for memory retrieval once the memory has been consolidated. With recent methodological advances, however, the field shifted attention to several other theoretical accounts and began to uncover the genetic, physiological and structural underpinnings of systems memory consolidation at an unprecedented level of precision. Here I review these neurobiological findings in the past 15 years within a framework of six essential predictions extracted from the psychological theories. Genetic approaches have made it possible to tag neurons that were activated during memory encoding and investigate their physiological and genetic profiles as well as reactivation patterns during subsequent retrieval. In parallel, electrophysiological and imaging approaches detected signs of the gradual refinement of memory representations and its underlying hippocampal–neocortical dialogue in millisecond‐resolved neural firing patterns, the inter‐region coupling of neural activity, across‐day stability of neural ensemble activity and functional connectome. This summary represents substantial progress in our understanding of neurobiological mechanisms of systems memory consolidation whilst also identifying several essential remaining questions for future investigations.
Expression of inositol polyphosphate 4‐phosphatase type II and the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Qi‐Chao , Li Hao , Xiao Yao , Wu Cong‐Cong , Yang Shao‐Chen , Sun Zhi‐Jun 
Published: February 2020

Inositol polyphosphate 4‐phosphatase type II (INPP4B) is a phosphoinositide phosphatase that plays complex roles in the pathogenesis of different tumors. We aimed to explore the expression, clinicopathological significance, and prognostic value of INPP4B in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Tissue microarrays that included samples from 176 primary OSCCs, 42 normal mucosae, and 69 dysplastic tissues were used for immunostaining analyses of INPP4B protein. Aperio ScanScope CS scanner and aperio quantification software were used to scan the microarrays and score the staining, respectively. We also evaluated the correlation between INPP4B expression and clinical parameters, pathological grades, node‐positive status, and immune‐related markers. Expression of INPP4B was statistically significantly upregulated in human primary OSCC tissues compared with dysplastic and normal tissues. Additionally, we found that patients with strong expression of INPP4B had a statistically significantly poorer overall survival than patients with weak expression of INPP4B. Furthermore, our study indicated that expression of INPP4B in OSCC was positively associated with expression of p‐S6Ser235/236, p‐CADSer1859, and certain immune checkpoints (B7‐H4, Galectin‐9). Therefore, INPP4B may be an independent prognostic indicator for patients with OSCC, in which it might function as an oncoprotein.
The impacts of invasive ecosystem engineers in freshwaters: A review
Authors: Emery‐Butcher Holly E. , Beatty Stephen J. , Robson Belinda J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Invasive species are a key stressor in freshwater ecosystems. When these species are also ecosystem engineers, their impacts are exacerbated because they modulate resource availability for a wide range of other species. The aim of this review is to synthesise existing knowledge of the impacts of invasive ecosystem engineers in freshwaters and identify knowledge gaps requiring further research.

The four questions explored in this review are: (1) What are the trends in research into invasive ecosystem engineers? (2) What are common negative effects of invasive ecosystem engineers in freshwater? (3) Do all impacts of invasive ecosystem engineers have negative consequences for biodiversity? (4) What happens when multiple ecosystem engineers interact? Four literature searches in Web of Science have been used to identify articles for the review and to estimate relative research effort between terrestrial, marine and freshwater ecosystems.

The number of research articles focusing on ecosystem engineers across all ecosystem types is increasing. Despite well‐known examples of ecosystem engineer species in freshwaters (e.g. beaver), more research has focussed on terrestrial environments and invasive species.

The effects of invasive ecosystem engineers in freshwater systems are varied and often context dependent. Their effects on biodiversity or native ecosystem engineers are often shown to be negative; however, not all effects associated with these species are deleterious to native species. For instance, some invasive ecosystem engineers support native species through the provision of food or refuges.

Although freshwater ecosystems are often influenced by multiple species of ecosystem engineers (including native, invasive or both), little is known about interactions between these species or the combined effects of multiple ecosystem engineers. More research is also needed that relates the results of laboratory experiments to the field and develops methods for measuring factors that govern the impact of engineers on ecosystems. Understanding the spatial variability of the impacts of invasive ecosystem engineers as well as their interaction with anthropogenic stressors (e.g. hydrologic modification) is also necessary.

The lag in research surrounding invasive ecosystem engineers in freshwater compared to other biomes is concerning, as freshwater ecosystems support biodiversity disproportionate to the area they occupy. Creating predictive models of the impacts of freshwater ecosystem engineers would help anticipate the effects of invasive ecosystem engineers in freshwater and add to the broader understanding of their effects in other biomes.
Hydrochemical Relation Between Shallow Groundwater with Elevated Fluoride and Groundwater in Underlying Carbonates
Authors: Dou Yan , Howard Ken , Yang Liwei , Wang Dong , Guo Li 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the arid to semi‐arid district of Chengcheng, Weinan City, in central Shaanxi Province, diminishing groundwater reserves in the shallow Quaternary (QLB) aquifer and elevated fluoride in the similarly shallow Permo‐Triassic (PTF) aquifer, have promoted interest in the development of groundwater resources in the deep but poorly understood Cambrian‐Ordovician carbonate aquifer system (COC). To investigate the origin of the COC groundwaters and the relationship between the deep and shallower systems, a hydrochemical study was undertaken involving 179 major and minor ion analyses, 39 stable isotope analyses (δD and δ18O), and 14 carbon isotope analyses (14C and δ13C). PHREEQC 3.0 was used to investigate mixing. Hydrochemical data support the presence of a well‐connected regional flow system extending southwards from the more mountainous north. Stable isotope data indicate that the COC groundwaters originate as soil zone infiltration, under a much cooler regime than is found locally today. This is confirmed by 14C, which indicates the groundwater to be palaeowater recharged during the late Pleistocene (∼10–12 ka B.P.). The presence of nitrate in the COC groundwaters suggests leakage from overlying shallow aquifers currently provides an additional source of COC recharge, with major faults possibly providing the primary pathways for downward vertical
flow.
Pressure injury data in Australian acute care settings: A comparison of three data sets
Authors: Team Victoria , Tuck Michelle , Reeves Judy , Way Margaret , Enticott Joanne , Evans Susan , Weller Carolina D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHospital‐acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) represent a serious clinical and economic problem. The cost of treating HAPIs in Australian public hospitals was recently reported at AUS$983 million per annum. There are three main sources of data for documenting pressure injury (PI) occurrence in Australian hospitals: incident reporting, medical record coded data, and real‐time surveys of pressure injury. PI data reported at hospital level and to external agencies using these three different sources are variable. This reporting issue leads to inaccurate data interpretation and hinders improvement in accuracy of PI identification and PI prevention. This study involved a comparison of the three different data sources in selected Australian hospitals, to improve the accuracy and comparability of data. Findings from this study provide benchmark areas for improvement in PI documenting and reporting. Better understanding the agreement between the three data sets could lead to a more efficient and effective sharing of data sources.
A bibliometric analysis of articles identified by editors as representing excellence in nursing publication: Replication and extension
Authors: Nicoll Leslie H. , Oermann Marilyn H. , Carter‐Templeton Heather , Owens Jacqueline K. , Edie Alison H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsTo analyse subsequent citations of 91 articles identified by editors as reflecting excellence in nursing literature and in a companion dataset of 82 other articles from the same journals; and to compare the concepts of reach, persistence, and dissemination in these two datasets.DesignA quantitative bibliometric analysis and qualitative thematic analysis were done between February‐June 2019.Data sourcesIn all, 91 articles nominated by editors comprised the first dataset. A companion dataset was created by selecting articles (N = 82) from the same journals.Review methodsArticles were assessed for type, focus, discipline, total number of authors, and geographical location of the first author. Scopus was searched to obtain bibliographic information and subsequent second‐ and third‐generation citations for all indexed articles.ResultsFor the articles selected by the editors, 76 were indexed and 43 (56.5%) were cited at least once, resulting in 333 citations in the second and third generations. For the companion articles, 38 (of 78) were cited, with 175 subsequent citations. These findings are congruent with the prior study.ConclusionArticles in nursing journals are being read and cited. The concepts of persistence, reach, and dissemination are supported and their use in bibliometric analysis is warranted.ImpactThis novel research highlights the global and interdisciplinary impact of a unique set of articles representing nursing and nursing specialty areas. All the articles in the virtual journal and companion dataset were from nursing journals, but dissemination was to other disciplines, primarily medicine. Findings from this replication study continue the effort to document the rigour of content in the nursing literature; support its use to inform policy and practice at all levels; and offer evidence of excellence in content to inform nursing curricula.