bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Evaluation of Protein Bound Paclitaxel Nanoparticles for Injectable Suspension
Authors: Jain Surendra Kumar , Thakur Suchi , Jain Ruchi , Jain Nilesh 
Published: May 2020

Aims: The aim of present study is to develop Paclitaxel nanoparticles for injectable suspension, an anti-neoplastic drug formulation.
Study design: Mention the design of the study here.
Place and Duration of Study: Sagar Institute of Research & Technology- Pharmacy, Ayodhya Bypass Road, Bhopal, between June 2017 and June2018.
Methodology: The Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant plasma protein in the human blood with a half-life of 19 days. It can reversibly bind hydrophobic drug substances, transport them in the body and release drugs at cell surface. The formulation is prepared by homogenization at high-pressure of paclitaxel in the presence of human serum albumin into a nanoparticle colloidal suspension. Paclitaxel nano particles have been stabilized by human albumin and maintain the average size of 100 nm
Results: The particle size of the reconstituted solution is checked using the laser diffraction Technique the particle is White to yellow lyophilized after reconstitution the particle become homogeneous milky suspension without visible particulates. Reconstitution time NMT 25 minutes 20.45 sec. The assay was performed by HPLC and found to be 90.0% to 110.0% of label. The retention time of Paclitaxel peak obtained in sample corresponds to the respective standards obtained from standards the pH NLT 6.00 to NMT 8.00 Particle size NLT 100 nm – NMT 200 nm. Sterility test was comply as per USP <71>
Conclusion: The nano-delivery systems could have the potential to be free of Cremophor EL and ethanol, enhance Paclitaxel solubility, improve Paclitaxel pharmacokinetic profiles in vivo, decrease its side effects, passively or actively target to tumor sites due to the EPR (Enhanced Permeability and Retention) effect and the use of targeting ligands, respectively, nanotechnology is a very active research area in both academic and industrial settings.
Keywords: paclitaxel, Anti-cancer, nanotechnology, Injectable, Suspension
Phytochemical, HPLC and FTIR Analysis of Methanolic Extract from Gracilaria dura (C Agardh) J Agardh.
Authors: Sumayya S S , Lubaina A S , Murugan K 
Published: May 2020

Marine algae are known to contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds. They are also rich in novel biomolecules and can be explored for the development of drugs to combat lifestyle diseases like cancer, diabetes etc. Red algae are known for their nutraceutical and functional importance. But there are a lot of limitations regarding their availability and in estimating which algal fractions are biologically active. Similarly, the mode of digestion of such compounds in human body is not yet properly traced. In this juncture, the present study was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract of the red alga, Gracilaria dura. Methanolic extract of G. dura showed the presence of reducing sugar, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins and terpenoids. Further, the HPLC analysis was attempted to fractionate the polyphenolics. Various phenolic acids such as of gallic acid, vanillic acid, sinapic acid, p-coumaric acid, hydroxybenzoic, phloroglucinol, catechol and cinnamic acid were identified. Subsequently, the methanolic solvent extract of G. dura was subjected to fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for the analysis of the functional groups. The results based on the spectral data of FTIR revealed the presence of aliphatic constituents containing alkanes, ketones, alkyl halides, hydroxyl groups etc. Thus, the observed finding envisages that methanolic extract of G. dura contained potential bioactive compounds which can be used for analysing the various biological activities.
Keywords: Gracilaria dura, Phytochemical, Methanolic extract, HPLC, FTIR
Preventive and Curative Effects of Atriplex Halimus L. Aqueous Extract on Benzene Provoked Hepatic Injury in Rats
Authors: Khaoula Zeghib , Ali Boutlelis Djahra 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The present study was designed to estimate the preventive and curative potency of aqueous extract of Atriplex halimus L. (Ah) aerial parts against benzene (BZ) intoxication in liver rats.
Methods: 30 male albino rats were divided into five groups of 6 rats each: Control, Ah, BZ, AhP+BZ, and BZ+AhC. BZ (100 mg/kg b.w) was added in drinking water for 15 weeks. Aqueous extract of Atriplex halimus was received intragastrically during the last 30 days of BZ exposure for curative treatment (AhC) and all the duration of BZ exposure for preventive treatment (AhP). At the end the experiment, body weight gain and relative liver weight were estimated and liver enzyme markers (AST, ALT, ALP and LDH) were analysed by spectrophotometry. Histopathological studies on hepatic tissue were also performed by the method of Hematoxylin and Eosin staining.
Results: Benzene administrated to rats caused an alteration in physiological parameters (body and organs weigh) and hepatic enzymes markers (AST, ALT, ALP and LDH). In addition, Histopathological studies showed a massive degeneration in liver tissue in BZ-exposed rats. However, treatment by Atriplex halimus especially preventive effect ameliorated most of the adverse effects induced by benzene. Ah restored the altered of physiological, biochemical and histopathological changes.
Conclusion: The present study suggests that Atriplex halimus extract could be a substantially promising hepatoprotective agent against benzene toxic effects and may be against other hepatotoxic chemical or drugs.
Keywords: Atriplex halimus, Benzene, hepatotoxicity, Rats.
Preparation and Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Syzygium cumini Seed Powder
Authors: Palakurthi Sushesh Srivatsa , Jakka Deeksha , Singh Harpreeth , Bollavaram Sahithi , B Sininandini , Pinnamraju Durga Nitya , Konde Abbulu 
Published: May 2020

Aim of this study is to develop chewable tablets of Syzygium cumini seed powder. It has been chosen to do so as there are no oral solid dosage forms of this seed powder developed so far. There are numerous health benefits and nutrient properties of this seed powder, thus it can be used as a nutraceutical. Phytochemical screening of the Syzygium cumini seed powder has been conducted and the various phyto constituents present were detected. Seven different formulations have been developed by direct compression method out of which five were optimized. All these formulations were developed with Syzygium cumini seed powder as the active ingredient and lactose, acacia, glucose, talc, magnesium stearate, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, sodium alginate, guar gum and stevia were used as excipients. Various evaluations tests were performed to check the stability of the chewable tablets. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was conducted to check the interactions among the seed powder and the excipients. Anti-bacterial activity of the chewable tablets was tested against three different species of bacteria (Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis) by agar diffusion method. It is concluded that the Syzygium cumini seed powder and the developed chewable tablets were active against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.
Keywords: Syzygium cumini, Chewable tablet, anti-bacterial activity
Total Phenolic Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Aqueous Extract from Pituranthos scoparius (Coss. & Dur.) Growing in Algeria
Authors: Karbab Ahlem , Mokhnache Kamel , Arrar Lekhmici , Charef Noureddine 
Published: May 2020

This study aims to estimate the total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins contents then to investigate both in vitro antioxidant capacity models of aqueous extract (AqE) from the stems of Pituranthos scoparius, growing in Algeria. Total polyphenol contents were determined using Folin Ciocalteu's reagent; flavonoids were quantified employing the AlCl3 and method tannins using haemoglobin precipitation test. The in vitro antioxidant property was assessed by DPPH-scavenging radical and lipid peroxidation assays. The results revealed that aqueous extract presented a high total phenolic and tannins contents with values of 150.89 ± 0.68 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/g and 71.24 ± 0.09 mg TAE (tannic acid equivalent)/g dry extract, respectively. This extract show an essential effect toward DPPH-scavenging assay and lipid peroxidation inhibition with 96.19 ± 0.00 µg/mL, 91.53 ± 0.98 %, respectively. This study indicates that the aqueous extract from Pituranthos sciparius has potent antioxidant effects and may prove to be of latent health benefit as well as supplementary sources for natural antioxidants drugs.
Keywords: Pituranthos scoparius, aqueous extract, antioxidant activity, phenolic compounds.
Reassessing the Restorative Prospectives of the King of Spices Black Pepper
Authors: Goswami Anindya , Malviya Neelesh 
Published: May 2020

Since ages, spices have been a crucial portion of human diets and trade. The bioactive principles in attendance are of noteworthy merit due to their advantageous probable against an array of disorders. Black pepper, amid piperine as its foremost element, holds affluent phytochemistry and also incorporates a number other important compounds like alkaloids, volatile oils and oleoresins. Piper nigrum is an imperative welfare spice owed to its anti-carcinogenic, antimicrobial, antioxidant apparent and gastro-defensive workings. Piperine also show evidence of speckled pharmacological characteristics like antidepressant, anti-inflammative, immunomodulatory, anticonvulsant, antihypertensive, antitumor, anti-tussive, pain reducing, antidiarrheal, antispasmodic, and cholesterol worsening . Piperine augments bioavailability of quite a few drugs and nutrients by restraining a variety of metabolising enzymes. This review is aimed to provide restructured information in recent progression of pharmacognosy, chemistry and pharmacological behavior of this miraculous King of Spices.
Keywords: Black Pepper, Piperine, Antioxidant, Bioavailability, King of Spices
El extranjero en pandemia
Authors: González Fernanda 
Published: May 2020

Escribo desde Malta, una isla ubicada en el mediterráneo en medio de Europa y África o más claro aún, entre Libia e Italia. Vivo en este país hace tres años. Desde entonces han pasado varios sucesos nacionales relevantes: el asesinato de la periodista Dapne Caruana con un carro bomba, Valletta como capital europea de la cultura, el apuñalamiento mortal a Hugo Chetcuti, uno de los empresarios más rico del país, justo al frente de su emporio, y la renuncia del primer ministro, Joseph Muscat, tras la judicialización de su jefe de gabinete por la muerte de Caruana.
Estos hechos mantuvieron a la isla en una conmoción tras otra por un período de tiempo. Hasta ahora fue un lugar dinámico con disputas políticas y sociales comparables con las de cualquier otro país remoto. En estos tiempos, la isla también coincide con el resto del mundo en la extensión de la Pandemia del Covid 19 y en la consigna implícita: cualquiera puede ser sospechoso. Todos podríamos tener el virus, desconfiamos unos de los otros.
¿Incide la forma de tenencia de la vivienda habitual sobre la situación de empleo en España?
Authors: Rodríguez Hernández José E. , Barrios García Javier A. 
Published: May 2020

The objective of this study is to provide more empirical evidence on the possible existence in Spain of causal relationships between housing tenure choice (ownership/rental) and the employment status of household head (employed/unemployed), separating this effect from the one generated by other covariates and unobservables which might affect, as well as from the reverse causal effect that might exist. With this aim, based on micro data from the Survey of Living Conditions for 2010 and the approach of the literature of treatment effects, we estimate switching probit models that relate these variables at the microeconomic level. The results obtained allow us to assert that owning the main residence, whether it is mortgaged or not, increases the probability of employment around 10%.
INTERACTION OF A HELICAL BLADE OF A DRILLING TOOL WITH FROZEN GROUND
Authors: Martiuchenko I. G. , Zenin M. I. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. Drilling of frozen and permafrost soils is one of the most complicated and energy-intensive processes of earthworks. The current drilling tools are not efficient enough to use since they implement energy-intensive drilling processes and are not always suitable for various types of soil. The use of helical working elements that implement the process of soil destruction with less energy-intensive types of deformations is advanced. The purpose of the research is to study the interaction of a helical blade of a drilling tool with frozen soil.Materials and methods. The article covers a method for conducting experimental studies of the interaction of a helical blade of a drilling tool with frozen ground and the tested models of the drilling tool. The influence of geometric parameters of a helical drill on a borehole formation process is studied.Results. The experimental research proved the hypothesis about the possibility of implementing a drilling process with tearing strain and obtaining a borehole diameter larger than a diameter of a destructive section of a helical blade. The dependence of the destroyed soil volume and the relation of an obtained borehole diameter to a diameter of a destroying section of a helical blade according to the angle of bend of a helical blade radius at which its increment occurs is determined.Discussions and conclusion. It is established that a helical drilling tool performs a borehole drilling due to the tearing strain implementation, which makes it possible to achieve more efficient drilling and obtain a borehole diameter larger than a diameter of the destroying section of a helical blade.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.
CRITICAL REVIEW OF METHODS FOR EVALUATING ACOUSTIC CHARACTERISTICS OR PREMISES
Authors: Fediuk R. S. , Baranov A. V. , Timokhin R. A. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: The development of effective structural materials with improved acoustic characteristics is relevant for the modern construction industry. Considering the variety of international building standards for acoustic insulation and soundproofing of buildings, it is essential to systematize the modern methods of studying these characteristics. The purpose of the study was a comprehensive review of methods for determining acoustic characteristics in construction, as well as an analysis of literature and international standards to improve the health and comfort of the urban population.Main part:Due to the variety and complication of the study of the acoustic characteristics of buildings, premises and individual walling, the article provides an analysis of methods for evaluating these characteristics. The limitations on the size of rooms and sound frequencies for measuring reverberation time have been identified. The process of improving the method of measuring acoustic impedance in Kundt’s tube is shown. The methodology for determining the numerical parameters of sound insulation in buildings using the study of building envelopes taking into account the spectra of various noise sources located inside and outside the building is considered in detail. It was found that existing methods for measuring impact noise show poor reproducibility in the low frequency range. The analysis of the works proved that the sound reflection characteristics theoretically depend on the thickness and rigidity of the reflecting surface and its surface density.Conclusions: The scope of building materials with improved acoustic characteristics is quite extensive. Further research may be aimed at improving methods for studying the characteristics of sound absorption and sound reflection.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.
EFFECT OF EXCESSIVE GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN ON PREGNANCY OUTCOME: A CASE STUDY OF TERTIARY HOSPITALS IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Nwaogwugwu Amarachi , Simeon Nwabueze Achunam , Ekwuluo Celestine E 
Published: May 2020

Motivation/Background: Little is known of adverse pregnancy outcomes resulting from Excess Gestational Weight Gain (EGWG) in Benue state, Nigeria. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects and association of EGWG on pregnancy outcome in tertiary hospitals in Benue State.
Method: We used retrospective cohort study to examine the data obtained from the general Antenatal Care (ANC) Register of 350 pregnant women who attended ANC clinic between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight in kilograms within first 14 weeks of gestation by square of height in meters while total gestational weight was calculated as difference between weight before, or at 14 weeks and weight at 37 weeks of gestation prior to delivery.
Results: Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21. Out of the sampled folders, 103 (29.4%) women gained excess weight during pregnancy, 130 (37.1%) women gained the recommended weight while 117 (33.4%) women gained weight less than the recommended value. Analysis showed strong association between EGWG and pregnancy induced hypertension/pre-eclampsia, caesarean section and macrosomia.
Conclusions: The study concluded that EGWG should be avoided by educating women on the need to gain appropriate weight during pregnancy to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes which affect both mothers and their offspring.
Approaching Laestadianism as an insider researcher
Authors: Snellman Gerd 
Published: May 2020

In this article, I discuss my experiences of being an insider researching Laestadianism. I present my research, noting the advantages and disadvantages, ending with a conclusion in which I refer to the discussion among anthropologists and ethnologists, especially in the study of religion. The outcome is that even though the distinction insider–outsider researcher is complicated, both insider and outsider researchers will improve the research, contributing to its nuanced presentation.
НАЙБІЛЬШ ВАГОМІ ФАКТОРИ ВПЛИВУ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ТА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЮ МОЛОЧНОЇ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ КОРІВ
Authors: Войтенко С. Л. , Желізняк І. М. , Карунна Т. І. , Шаферівський Б. С. 
Published: May 2020

Створення конкурентоспроможної галузі молочного скотарства не лише в Україні, але й світі, ґрунтується на засадах підвищення генетичного потенціалу худоби різними методами. При цьому найбільш об’єктивною й економічно обґрунтованою ознакою продуктивності великої рогатої худоби молочних порід вважається молочна продуктивність корів, зважаючи на ті чинники, які найбільш суттєво впливають на формування і реалізацію молочної продуктивності худоби, що може стати основою для створення високопродуктивного стада та конкурентоздатної породи. Метою дослі-джень було з’ясувати вплив природно-екологічних умов, лінійної належності, умовної кровності за спадковістю голштинської породи та походження за батьком на прояв молочної продуктивності корів української чорно-рябої молочної породи. Експериментальні дослідження проведені на худобі різних ліній та походження за батьком у племінних та промислових господарствах Полтавщини. Ефективність вбирного схрещування визначали за продуктивністю корів різних генотипових груп. Встановлено, що природно-екологічні умови Полтавської області забезпечили не однаковий прояв реалізаційного потенціалу надою корів першої лактації як різних генеалогічних формувань, так одних і тих само. Найкраще до умов довкілля цього регіону, з огляду на середні показники молочної продук-тивності, пристосовані дочірні нащадки ліній Елевейшна 1491007, Маршала 2290977 і Чіфа 1427381. Визнано, що сучасна промислова технологія виробництва молока сприяє створенню консолідованого за молочною продуктивністю стада, незалежно від лінійної належності худоби. Але й за таких умов продуктивність худоби можна поліпшити через добір, підтвердженням чого слугують коефіцієнти мінливості ознаки (Сv = 15,8 ... 23,9 %). З’ясовано, що висококровні (87,5 % і більше) за голштинсь-кою породою корови української чорно-рябої молочної породи характеризувалися значно вищою мо-лочною продуктивністю за ряд лактацій порівняно з тими, умовна кровність яких за поліпшувальною породою становила 62,5–87,4%. Одночасно з цим, вбирне схрещування не вплинуло на вміст жиру в молоці помісних корів. Визначено, що залежно від походження за батьком, надій корів першої лак-тації змінювався від 5847 кг до 8697 кг за найвищого показника в дочок бугаїв Х. Віндбрейкер 132449988 та Дж. А. Пінг 61089329.
ЗМІНА ДЕЯКИХ ДІАГНОСТИЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНОГО СТАНУ ПЕЧІНКИ У СОБАК У РАЗІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ФПД «ІМУНОБАКТЕРИН-D»
Authors: Рибачук Ж. В. , Галатюк О. Є. , Демчук Ю. С. , Антонюк А. А. , Солодка Л. О. 
Published: May 2020

У статті представлені результати використання ферментно-пробіотичної добавки «Імунобак-терин-D» собакам породи німецька вівчарка. Встановлено, що включення імунобактерину-D до вранішньої кормової даванки в дозі 1 грам на тварину один раз на добу протягом 14 діб обумовлює по-зитивний вплив на організм собак. А саме достовірне (Р≤0,001) зменшення активності аланін-амінотрансферази в сироватці крові собак дослідної групи порівняно з показниками інтактної групи з 24,86±1,45 до 18,93±1,8 Од/л – через 14 діб. Протягом наступного спостереження (до 35 діб) тен-денція зменшення збереглася. Зареєстровано зменшення активності у 5,2 раза гамаглутамілтранс-пептидази через 14 діб після застосування ферментно-пробіотичної добавки. При цьому в сироватці крові тварин контрольної групи зменшення активності ГГТП встановлено лише у 1,9 раза. Достові-рних змін в активності лужної фосфатази в сироватці крові собак дослідної і контрольної груп не зареєстровано. Вважаємо, що такі показники активності ГГТП є показником інтрагепатичного стазу жовчі в печінці тварин. Зменшення активності АСТ, АЛТ та ГГТП у сироватці крові собак, які поїдали з кормом «Імунобактерин-D» обумовлено зменшенням токсичного навантаження печінки через активне розмноження симбіотичної мікрофлори й діяльності протеази та пригнічення жит-тєдіяльності патогенної мікрофлори кишечника. Адже відомо, що в печінці знешкоджуються аміак, фенол, крезол (утворюється мікрофлорою з фенілаланіну й тирозину) та скатол й індол (синтезу-ється з триптофану). Зареєстрували, що у тварин дослідної групи перед включенням до раціону «Імунобактерину-D» у сироватці крові було достовірно (P≤0,001) більше іонів кальцію, але протягом наступного місяця спостереження його кількість зменшилась і була майже ідентичною кількості в собак контрольної групи. При цьому показники вмісту фосфору достовірно не відрізнялись порівняно з показниками контрольної групи і були в межах фізіологічного діапазону. Отже, динамічне, досто-вірне зменшення (Р≤0,001) активності АЛТ вказує на покращення функціонування гепатоцитів, що можливо обумовлено зменшенням антигенного й токсичного навантаження печінки внаслідок сим-біотичного впливу пробіотичних мікроорганізмів Bac. subtilis Bac. licheniformis.